bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BESİN, İLAÇ VE VARFARİN ÜÇGENİNDE, VARFARİNİN FARMAKOKİNETİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: DEMİRTÜRK Esra , ÇETİN UYANIKGİL Emel Öykü
Published: October 2020

İyi yönetilen ve planlanan varfarin tedavisi önemli bir antikoagülan seçenek olmuştur ve antikoagülasyon sağlayıcılarının rehberliği optimum sonuçları elde etmeyi kolaylaştırmıştır. Karmaşık farmakokinetik ve farmakodinamik profiline rağmen, varfarin, günümüzde de en yaygın kullanılan oral antikoagülan ajanlardan biridir. Bu ajan ile optimal antikoagülasyona ulaşmak, birçok gıda ve ilaç etkileşimi nedeniyle klinik olarak zordur. İlaç tedavisi her bir hastaya uyacak şekilde özel olarak uyarlanmalı ve uygun şekilde birlikte kullanılabilecek bitkisel ilaçların ve diğer ilaçların etkinliğini artırabileceği veya ilaç toksisitesini azaltabileceği mutlaka göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Uygunsuz antikoagülasyon kontrolü, hastaları sırasıyla aşırı ve yetersiz koagülasyon nedeniyle kanama veya tromboembolik komplikasyon riskinde artışa maruz bırakabilmektedir. Özellikle K vitamini alımındaki dalgalanmaların, varfarin ile tedavi edilen hastalarda antikoagülasyon derecesi üzerinde önemli bir etkisi bulunmaktadır. Ek olarak, çeşitli diyet takviyeleri ve bitkisel ürünlerin kullanımındaki artış da antikoagülan seviyelerinde istenmeyen sonuçlara yol açabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, en sık kullanılan ilaçlar, besin ve diyet takviyelerinin varfarinin farmakokinetiği üzerindeki etkilerini tartışmaktır.
Inoculation v1
Authors: not provided evan__zh
Published: October 2020

The colonies on the solid medium are inoculated into the liquid.
Examination of the regression model to quantify the degree of low back pain and lower limb symptoms in patients with lumbar disc herniation by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) v1
Authors: Ishitani Hayato , Tamura Toshiyo , Kanaya Shigehiko
Published: October 2020

The Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) was created to evaluate specific treatment outcomes in terms of physical functioning, social ability, and mental health in patients with back pain-related diseases. In this study, we investigated whether the JOABPEQ could be used to construct a regression model to quantify low back pain and lower limb symptoms in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). We reviewed 114 patients with LDH scheduled to undergo surgery at our hospital. We measured the degrees of 1) lower back pain, 2) lower limb pain, and 3) lower limb numbness using the visual analog scale before the surgery. All answers and physical function data were subjected to partial least squares regression analysis. The degrees of lower back and lower limb pain could be used as a regression model from the JOABPEQ and had a significant causal relationship with them. However, the degree of lower limb numbness could not be used for the same. Based on our results, the questions of the JOABPEQ can be used to multilaterally understand the degree of lower back pain and lower limb pain in patients with LDH. However, the degree of lower limb numbness has no causal relationship, so actual measurement is essential.
Urban Narrative: Computational Linguistic Interpretation of Large Format Public Participation for Urban Infrastructure
Authors: Dyer Mark , Weng Min-Hsien , Wu Shaoqun , Ferrari Tomas García , Dyer Rachel
Published: October 2020

Urban Narrative works at the interface between public participation and participatory design to support collaboration processes for urban planning and design. It applies computational linguistics to interpret large format public consultation by identifying shared interests and desired qualities for urban infrastructure services and utilities. As a proof of concept, data was used from the Christchurch public engagement initiative called ‘Share an Idea,’ where public thoughts, ideas, and opinions were expressed about the future redevelopment of Christchurch after the 2011 earthquakes. The data set was analysed to identify shared interests and desired connections between institutional, communal, or personal infrastructures with the physical urban infrastructures in terms of buildings, public places, and utilities. The data has been visualised using chord charts from the D3 JavaScript open source library to illustrate the existence of connections between soft and hard urban infrastructures along with individual contributions or stories. Lastly, the analysis was used to create an infographic design brief that compares and contrasts qualitative information from public consultation with quantitative municipal statistical data on well-being.
DİYARBAKIR'IN TARİHİ SESLERİ Diyarbakır Suriçi Bölgesi'nde Akustik Mirasın Belgelenmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çakır Aydın Derya , Dalkılıç Neslihan , Dursun Felat , Özbudak Akça Berivan , Melikoğlu Yahya
Published: October 2020

Günümüzde
kültürel miras algısı yalnızca somut kültür varlıklarıyla temsil edilmekten
çıkıp, somut olmayan kültür varlıklarını da içermeye başladığından akustik
mirasın önemi daha belirgin hale gelmiştir. Kentsel ve kültürel seslere olan
farkındalığı arttırmaya ve bu seslerin korunmasına yönelik uygulamalar ışığında
yürütülen bu çalışmada, Diyarbakır Suriçi Bölgesi’ni içeren Miras Alanındaki
akustik mirası oluşturan sembol seslerin tespiti, belgelenmesi ve dijital bir
ortamda paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan gözlemler, yürüyüşler ve
kullanıcılarla gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler ile Miras Alanı içerisinde yer alan
sembol sesler tespit edilmiştir. Sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanmasında önemli bir
aşama olan ses kaynaklarının belgelenmesi sürecinde, sembol sesler kaydedilerek
belgeleme işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sembol seslerin, kullanıcıların katkıda
bulunup geliştirebileceği dijital bir ortamda paylaşılmasının da hedeflendiği
bu çalışmada sembol sesler, Soundsslike dijital platformuna yüklenmiştir.
Çalışmanın devamında dijital arşivin genişletilmesi planlanmaktadır. Akustik
mirasın sürdürülebilirliği açısından, Diyarbakır Suriçi Bölgesini de içeren
Miras Alanına özgü, korunması öncelikli ses kaynaklarının belirlenmesi ve bu
seslerin yeni araştırmalarla kayıt altına alınması büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Staffing of the Educational System of Students with Disabilities
Authors: Soloveva T.A.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the issues of the availability of professional psychological and pedagogical support from specialists in the defectological profile, possible approaches to solving the problems of a shortage of qualified personnel that meet modern requirements for the professional competencies of a teacherdefectologist. The statistical data reflecting the availability of qualified assistance from specialists to children with hearing impairment, vision impairment, intellectual impairment are presented. An attempt to analyze the impact of changes in the system of training highly qualified personnel on the current state of higher education of teachers-speech therapists and teachers-defectologists is presented.
Inclusion and Human Resources: Parents’ View and Professionals’ Opinions
Authors: Alekhina S.V. , Klochko E.Y. , Avilocheva N.S. , Sedykh O.A.
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the discussion of the results of a survey of parents of children with disabilities conducted by the “All-Russian Organization of Parents of Disabled Children and Disabled People over 18 Years of Age with Mental and Other Disabilities Who Need Representation of Their Interests” (VORDI). The authors discuss the problems that parents say — home education, lack of psychological and pedagogical assistance and special conditions at school, disagreement with the opinion of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission. The key problem of the education system, in the opinion of the respondents and the authors of the article, is the absence or lack of training of teaching staff who could work in an inclusive education with students with special educational needs. The position is expressed about the need for systematic development of inclusive education resources, and above all human resources. The creation of regional resource centers for the development of inclusive education in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, providing for retraining and advanced training of teachers, their methodological support, is seen as a priority direction of the state policy in the field of education.
Professional Training in Early Intervention for Children and Families in Russian Federation
Authors: Mukhamedrahimov R.Z. , Samarina L.V.
Published: October 2020

In accordance with the Concept for the Development of Early Care in the Russian Federation (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 2016, December 17, No. 2723-r), the creation of an early intervention system for children from birth to three years old and their families is an integral part of the formation of comprehensive assistance to children with health disabilities. One of the priority tasks of the Concept implementation is the management of the quality of services, including through the creation of a system for training professionals in the field of early intervention. The article analyzes the need for professionals specializing in providing early intervention in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the directions and content of their training. In addition, information is provided on domestic and foreign experience of professional training of such experts. The results of the analysis indicate the need to create a variable system for training professionals in the field of early intervention in the Russian Federation. Training offers include activities in the field of higher and further professional education, including retraining and advanced training. The authors emphasize the need to combine professional training in selected areas of early care — with the training of transdisciplinary professionals.
Increasing the Motivation of Teachers for the Continuous Development of Professional and Personal Competencies Based on Reflexive Self-Analysis Technology
Authors: Andreeva N.N.
Published: October 2020

The article presents a five-step algorithm of reflexive self-analysis technology, which has been tested and is in demand in the system of additional professional education of teachers, which implements full-time and distance training courses. The technology is aimed at psychological and pedagogical support of the process of continuous personal and professional development of teachers for quality performance of their professional tasks in the field of education, upbringing and development of children in accordance with the requirements of the professional standard “Teacher (teaching activities in pre-school, primary General, basic General, secondary General education) (educator, teacher)” and the task of national Russian project “Education”. The sequence of actions in the algorithm is spelled out from the first stage — the understanding by teachers of the internal reasons for resistance to the continuous development of their own professional and personal competencies, to the last — the development and implementation of an individual route for professional and personal self-development. At the same time, the teacher himself tracks his step-by-step movement along the route — on the basis of reflection on the achieved and designing the latest results.
MULTİPL SKLEROZ’DA K VİTAMİNİNİN ROLÜ VAR MIDIR?
Authors: Özdemir Merve , Ayaz Aylin
Published: October 2020

Multipl skleroz, etiyolojisi bilinmeyen inflamatuar ve nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Hasta bireylerde, zamanla ilerleyen nörolojik bozulma ile takip edilen, geri dönüşümlü dönemler ile karakterize olan merkezi sinir sisteminin kronik bir demiyelinizan hastalığıdır. Tipik olarak 20-45 yaş arası yetişkinlerde görülmekle birlikte, kadınlarda erkeklerden iki kat daha fazla görülmektedir. Belirtilen semptomlar arasında uyuşukluk, halsizlik, görme bozukluğu, denge kaybı, baş dönmesi, yorgunluk ve depresyon bulunmaktadır. Vitaminlerin, vücutta farklı işlevlere sahip önemli mikro besinler olarak multipl skleroz patogenezinde önemli rolleri vardır. İn vitro, in vivo ve insan çalışmaları, bazı vitaminlerin multipl skleroz oluşumunda veya ilerlemesinde koruyucu rolünü desteklemektedir. Kan pıhtılaşmasındaki klasik rolünün dışında, K vitamini merkezi sinir sisteminin fizyolojisinde görev alan yağda çözünen bir besin ögesidir. K vitamini özellikle nöronal proliferasyon, farklılaşma, yaşlanma, transformasyon ve hücre-hücre etkileşiminde rol oynayan miyelin kılıfı ve nöron membranlarının temel bir bileşeni olan sfingolipidlerin sentezini düzenlemektedir. K vitamini ayrıca nöron fizyolojisi ve sağ kalımı etkileyen K vitamini bağımlı proteinlerin biyolojik olarak aktivasyonunu da kontrol etmektedir. K vitamini beyinde yüksek oranlarda bulunmakta ve sülfatid metabolizmasının düzenlenmesinde rol oynamaktadır. Deney hayvanları üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar, beyinde yüksek konsantrasyonlarda bulunan sfingolipidlerin biyosentezinde K vitamini rolünü desteklemektedir. Farelerde ve sıçanlarda, K vitamini eksikliğinin beyinde sülfatid seviyelerini düşürdüğü ve davranışsal değişikliklere neden olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu derlemede yağda çözünen vitaminlerden olan ve beyinde sfingolipidlerin sentezine katılan K vitaminin multipl skleroz patogenezi, progresyonu ve tedavisindeki rolünün değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
HASTANEMİZDE İNTRAVENÖZ YOLLA YERLEŞTİRİLEN İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR VENÖZ ERİŞİM PORTU UYGULAMALARININ SONUÇLARI
Authors: Sevil Fehim Can
Published: October 2020

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada venöz erişim portu implante edilen hastaların klinik özellikleri, cerrahi işlem sonuçları, erken ve geç dönem komplikasyonları ve tedavi stratejileri sunuldu.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Hastanemizde 2013-2020 yılları arasında 171 hastaya toplam 187 venöz erişim portu implante edildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, primer kanser tanıları, teknik işlemin başarısı ve süresi, erken ve geç dönem komplikasyonları hasta dosyalarından retrospektif olarak incelendi.BULGULAR: Venöz erişim portu implante edilen hastaların 100’ü (58.4%) erkek, 71’i (41.6%) kadın olup yaş ortalaması 62.63±12.37 yıl; yaş dağılımı ise 17-86 yıl idi. Hastalarda en sık görülen kanser türü kolon kanseri olup hastalardan 88’ inde (51.4%) saptandı. İkinci en sık izlenen kanser hastalardan 20’sinde (11.6%) görülen mide kanseri idi. En sık erişim sağlanan ven hastalardan 103’ünde (55.1%) tercih edilen sağ internal jugular ven idi. Erken dönem komplikasyonlar uygulamalardan 21’inde (11.2%) izlendi. En sık erken dönem komplikasyon girişimlerden on tanesinde (5.3%) görülen malpozisyon iken sonraki en sık erken dönem komplikasyon ise uygulamalardan dördünde (2.1%) görülen arter ponksiyonu idi. Geç dönem komplikasyonlar uygulamalardan 25’inde (13.3%) izlendi. En sık geç dönem komplikasyonu venöz erişim portu uygulanmasına bağlı enfeksiyon gelişmesi idi ve uygulamalardan 11’inde(5.8%) görüldü. Bu hastalardan dokuzunda enfeksiyon cilt altı rezervuar cebin enfeksiyonu ile sınırlı iken iki hastada sepsise neden olan enfeksiyon oluştu. Venöz erişim portu uygulamasına bağlı mortalite görülmedi.SONUÇ: Çalışmamız yüksek teknik başarı ve anjiyografik görüntüleme eşliğinde düşük komplikasyon oranları ile implante edilen venöz erişim portu uygulamasının güvenli ve etkin olduğunu göstermiştir.
A Simple Test for the Most Common Cause or Aggravating Factor of the Neck, Shoulder, or Upper Extremity Pain
Authors: Khajeh Rohollah , Fallah Yousef
Published: October 2020

Background: Shoulder pain and neck pain affect respectively 25% and 43% of the population. The aim of this clinical study is to assess the proportion, correct diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension (HTN) in patients with pain in the neck, shoulder, and upper extremity.
Methods: 300 patients with complaints of neck, shoulder, or upper extremity pain without trauma or infection were studied from January 2015 to December 2017. After taking the history and examination, the blood pressure of these patients was recorded. Laboratory tests, x-ray, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck and affected shoulder joint were requested. Antihypertensive and symptomatic treatments were prescribed for patients with HTN. In the next visits, new history and examination, including the range of motion (ROM) of neck, shoulder, and upper extremity, blood pressure, and the results of laboratory tests, and images were checked. The final data were analyzed using chi-square test in SPSS software.
Results: The Prevalence of HTN in patients in the age groups of 20-30, 31-60, and above 60 years were 21%, 44%, and 56 %, respectively. Neck, shoulder, and upper extremity pain and motion improved significantly after antihypertensive and symptomatic treatment in patients with HTN.
Conclusion: HTN is the most common cause of neck, shoulder, and upper extremity pain in the adults and older patients referring to a physician. Thus, checking blood pressure by a physician or specialist is recommended for adults or older patients with neck, shoulder, or upper extremity pain. Antihypertensive and symptomatic treatments must be prescribed for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen-codeine and corticosteroids should be prohibited for the patients with HTN.
Huge Post-traumatic Cystic Hygroma, Combination of Surgical and Nonsurgical Treatment Methods: A Case Report
Authors: Hedayat Ehsan , Nabian Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2020

Background: Cystic hygroma (cystic lymphangioma) is a malformation of the lymphatic system. It is rare in adults and trauma may be the cause in some cases. Surgical and non-surgical treatment methods have been described in the management of cystic hygroma.
Case Report: A 38-year-old woman, known case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), presented a huge cystic formation in the posterior aspect of her thigh following trauma. We treated the patient using a combination of three treatment methods including surgical excision, intra-cavity bleomycin injection, and post-operative use of compression pants.
Conclusion: Huge post-traumatic cystic hygroma in adults is rare. By the combination of the above three therapeutic regimens, there was no cystic lesion recurrence after eight months.
Intraosseous Stab Wound of Scapula: A Case Report
Authors: Nosrati Mohsen Rezaei , Baghbani Salar , Fallah Yousef , Siavashi Babak , Golbakhsh Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2020

Background: Intraosseous stab wounds are extremely rare. Only a few cases have been reported in the upper extremity.
Case Report: In this report, we presented a case of stab wound to the right shoulder with penetration to the scapula. The patient was successfully managed in a team-based approach. During a 12-month follow-up, he showed no abnormality in passive and active movements or physical examination.
Conclusion: Relying on the physical examinations and paraclinical studies may be an appropriate substitution for exploration surgery when possible iatrogenic injuries may affect the patient's quality of life.
Kaldor’un Birinci Yasası Çerçevesinde Sanayileşme ve Büyüme İlişkisi
Authors: SARIDOĞAN Hasan Önder
Published: October 2020

Ekonomik büyüme bir ekonominin üretim kapasitesinin uzun dönemli genişlemesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ekonomik büyüme tarih boyunca çeşitli faktörler ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu faktörlerden bir tanesi de imalat sanayi üretimi artışıdır. Kaldor sanayi ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkileri ampirik olarak araştıran ilk iktisatçıdır. Kaldor büyüme teorisinin birinci yasası imalat sanayinin ekonomik büyümenin motoru olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Bu yazının amacı, 1986-2018 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanarak, Türkiye'de kanunun geçerliliğini sınamaktır. Çalışmada sanayi sektörü alt sektörlere ayrılarak bir zaman serisi analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, imalat sanayi sektörü ile ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna göre, imalat sanayi üretimi artışı %1 arttığında ekonomik büyüme %0,62 oranında artmaktadır.
Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu Belgesi ve Dewey’nin Türkiye Maarifi Hakkında Raporu: Belge Analizi
Authors: DAYIOĞLU ÖCAL Seçil , İŞCAN Seher
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmada, Atatürk tarafından John Dewey’ye hazırlatılan “Türkiye Maarifi Hakkında Rapor” ile Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından hazırlanan “2023 Eğitim Vizyonu Belgesi” arasında kullanılan kavramlar açısından benzerlikler ve farklılıklar nitel araştırmanın belge analizi tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmacılar belgeleri inceledikten ve ilgili kavramlardan temalara ulaştıktan sonra ana başlıklara ulaşmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre öğreneni merkeze alan öğrenci odaklı bir yaklaşım, yaparak ve yaşayarak öğrenme ve öğretmen yetiştirme her iki belgenin ortak temaları olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Dewey’nin raporunda temel eğitim ve eğitimin o yöreye özgü niteliklere sahip olması önemsenmiştir. MEB 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu Belgesi’nde ise teknoloji ve eğitim arasında bağ kurulmuş ve okul yöneticiliğinin meslekleşmesi ön plana çıkmıştır. Bununla birlikte, köy enstitülerinin kurulmasının Dewey’in raporunun en önemli sonucu olduğu düşünülmektedir
The Coronavirus Effect: Building Strategic Alliances in Today’s Universities and Colleges
Authors: Green Daryl D , McCann Jack
Published: October 2020

Due to disruptive changes such as COVID-19, universities can no longer afford to tackle these turbulent forces solely. In today’s hyercompetitive environment, companies that want to compete in the future understand that the status quo will not do. According to Accenture, 76% of business leaders surveyed agree that current business models will be “unrecognizable” in the next 5 years. Businesses that attempt to move forward against the backdrop of uncertainty and unpredictability with little or no partnerships will find it difficult to be successful. In this short communication, researchers examine how to build strategic alliances in a disruptive world marked by uncertainty and unpredictability, given the impact of COVID-19.
COVID-19 Pandemic Cases and Deaths in Selected Regions: The Need for Policy Recommendations
Authors: Okoro Edesiri G , Egberi Agbarha K
Published: October 2020

Despite the indescribable adversity of COVID-19, which raised deaths in most regions, the pandemic came with a number of good lessons that affect certain value metrics (healthcare, education, productive capacity, and price control mechanisms). In this study, we examined the role played by COVID-19 pandemic cases and deaths in selected regions and the need for policy recommendations. Using a mixed research approach, reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths between 12 and 17 March 2020 were obtained across six regions – Western Pacific, Europe, South East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, America and Africa. Qualitative results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic predominantly affected Western Pacific and European regions. Besides, an analysis of variance revealed an insignificant difference in reported laboratory-confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 across the regions during the studied period. These results are, in part, attributable to the homogeneity in the strategies adopted to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic in these regions. Thus, there is a need to strengthen certain valuable metrics, particularly in the healthcare sector by means of upgrading medical equipment (for nations in lack) and recruiting more qualified healthcare workers in view of future events of any pandemic.
MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION AND SOIL MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE ACCUMULATIVE-DENUDATION LANDSCAPE OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE FOREST STEPPE AND IN CASE OF MATERIAL EROSION
Authors: Chizhikova N. , Lebedeva (Verba) M. , Lebedev M.
Published: October 2020

The distribution of clay minerals of the fraction less than 1 micron, extracted from typical, alkaline, podzolized agronomic black earths, depends on the type of soil, lithology of soil-forming rocks and relief. The silt fraction of agrochernozems developed on the quaternary loess-like heavy loam consists of smectite phase, represented by complex disordered mica-smectite formations, di-trioctahedral mica, kaolinite, chlorite. Agroblack soils formed on sediments in which include Neogene eluvium, contain a smectite phase represented by montmorillonite itself and badelyte with clinoptylolites in it. Erosion-resistant the material is represented by rounded aggregates, the structure of which was determined by micromorphological analysis. In the composition of micaceous micaceous fraction, extracted from this material, is dominated by micaceous mectritic formation. The conclusion is made about the demolition of the most valuable fertility of aggregated material - product of interaction smectite phase with organic matter.
METALS IN OILED PEAT (WESTERN SIBERIA)
Authors: Vodianitsky Yu. , Savichev A. , Trofimov S. , Shishkonakova E.
Published: October 2020

The study of metals in oil-contaminated peat has double meaning. Firstly, it is diagnostic as convenient and simple The method of soil condition monitoring, and secondly, the ecological method to predict the state of the peat bog as a biocenosis element. Every pollutant elements in contaminated peat are divided into two bands. Some of them (Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Zr, Ba, Y, La, Ce, Nd) accumulate in the upper, bituminous layer of peat. Other elements (halogen chlorine, as well as metals: Ca, Mp, Zn, Cu, Sr), on the contrary, migrate deep into the peat layer with light fractions hydrocarbons. For capturing particularly moving Cu metals, Zn needs to be equipped with artificial geochemical barriers to prevent pollutants from entering groundwater and open ponds.
ON DANGEROUS HEAVY METALS / METALLOIDS IN SOILS
Authors: Vodianitsky Yu.
Published: October 2020

According to the current ecotoxicological data of Dutch ecologists, hazardous heavy metals/metalloids in the soil form a number of: Se > Tl > Sb > Cd > V > Hg > Ni > Cu > Cr > As > Ba. This series differs greatly from a number of hazards of heavy elements, adopted in Russia in accordance with GOST 17.4.1.02-83, in which the danger of Pb, Zn, Co in soils is exaggerated, and V, Sb, Ba - underestimated. The list of hazardous elements in the soil should also include to be included in Tl, Cr. The content of heavy metals/metalloids in contaminated soils is studied very unevenly: better 11: Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd, Cr, As, Mn, Co, Hg, Se; the other 46 were studied much worse, although there are dangerous ones among them: Ba, V, Tl.In Russia, the information on the content of these elements in soils is not enough, and it is on them that the attention of soil scientists and ecologists should be focused.
From visual aerial photo interpretation and field soil survey to automated decoding and soil mapping by satellite imagery
Authors: Simakova M. S.
Published: October 2020

Under consideration are the ways for the development and improvement of methods to compile soil maps in Russia as based upon the information on landforms and the earth surface obtained by different aerial and outer space devices. The ever increasing development of aviation, cosmonautics and modification of electronic engineering resulted in great changes taken place in the soil studies, thus affecting the quality and readability of soil maps. The ways for obtaining and decoding of the satellite imagery are described. The methods to study different characteristics of soil properties are considered as well. The automated methods of soil identification and mapping are realized now through the materials of remote sounding of the Earth’s surface.
ABOUT OPTIMAL DATES OF SATELLITE IMAGES ACQUISITION FOR ARABLE SOIL MAPPING
Authors: Savin I. Yu. , Prudnikova E. Yu.
Published: October 2020

The state of the exposed surface of arable soils strongly varies in time and depends on properties of the upper soil horizon, meteorological conditions, and specific character of its usage. A change of the arable soil surface has a significant effect on their image on remote sensing data. For the maximum extraction of information about the spatial heterogeneities of soil properties satellite survey must be carried out before the first treatment of the surface of arable soils in spring.
Reflexões sobre distanciamento, isolamento social e quarentena como medidas preventivas da COVID-19
Authors: Dias Joana Angélica Andrade , Dias Mauricio Fagner Santos Lima , Oliveira Zulmerinda Meira , Freitas Livia Maria Andrade de , Santos Nilton Cesar Nogueira , Freitas Maria da Conceição Andrade
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Refletir sobre distanciamento, isolamento social e quarentena como medidas de prevenção da infecção em massa pelo SARSCoV-2, vírus responsável pela COVID-19. Métodos: Ensaio teórico reflexivo, embasado em ideias de estudiosos do tema, mediante levantamento bibliográfico no Google Acadêmico, na PUBMED/MEDLINE, em site oficial e jornais online, selecionados a partir das palavras-chave “COVID-19”, “distanciamento social”, “isolamento social”, “quarentena” e suas combinações. Resultados e Discussão: Distanciamento, isolamento social e quarentena são medidas preventivas de extrema importância para a redução da velocidade e a disseminação da infecção entre indivíduos. Além de frear a mortalidade causada pela doença, envolvem aspectos de natureza emocional, psicológica, biológica, social, cultural, política e espiritual. Requer utilização de estratégias de enfrentamento, como mudanças no estilo de vida, manter boas relações interpessoais online, afastar-se do excesso de informações sobre a doença, realizar atividades de lazer, exercer a solidariedade, entre outros. Conclusão: Embora essas medidas preventivas acarretem prejuízos à economia mundial, às relações governamentais e de trabalho, mostram-se como grande oportunidade de a sociedade vir a ter uma melhor compreensão da vida em coletividade, dos estados ressignificarem as suas práticas e, ainda, das pessoas reavaliarem o que é mesmo importante em suas vidas.
Zuma versus Ramaphosa: Factors Influencing Party Choice of South Africans in the Run-up to the 2019 Elections
Authors: Sadie Yolanda , Patel Leila
Published: October 2020

The outcome of the 2016 local government elections in which the ANC lost substantial support, fuelled early speculation on not only the outcome of the 2019 general elections, but also on the factors which were likely to determine party support. Added to this was the deteriorating political and socio-economic situation in South Africa. Against this background, two national surveys were undertaken in October/November 2017 and October/ November 2018 to establish the factors at these particular times that were likely to influence the vote choice of South Africans. From both surveys it was found that South African voters increasingly base their choice of a party on rational considerations. Trust in the president was a particularly important predictor of voter choice. In the first survey, loss of trust in the president (Zuma) resulted in a loss of faith in the ANC and in support of the party; while in the second survey, the converse was true: an increase in trust in the president (Ramaphosa) reflected an increased trust in and support for the party. Other predictors of vote choice in both surveys include a desire for socio-economic well-being and hope for a better future; the fear of losing a social grant; age; and racialised party images.
A Cross between Bread Wheat and a 2D(2R) Disomic Substitution Triticale Line Leads to the Formation of a Novel Disomic Addition Line and Provides Information of the Role of Rye Secalins on Breadmaking Characteristics
Authors: Sestili Francesco , Margiotta Benedetta , Vaccino Patrizia , Moscaritolo Salvatore , Giorgi Debora , Lucretti Sergio , Palombieri Samuela , Masci Stefania , Lafiandra Domenico
Published: October 2020

A bread wheat line (N11) and a disomic 2D(2R) substitution triticale line have been crossed and backrossed four times. At each step electrophoretic selection for the seeds that possessed, simultaneously, the complete set of high molecular weight glutenin subunits of N11 and the two high molecular weight secalins of rye, present in the 2D(2R) line, was carried out. Molecular cytogenetic analyses of the BC4F5 generation have revealed that the selection carried out had produced a disomic addition line (2n=44). The pair of additional chromosomes consisted of the long arm of chromosome 1R (1RL) from rye fused with the satellite body of the wheat chromosome 6B. Rheological analyses revealed that the dough obtained by the new addition line had higher quality characteristics when compared with the two parents. The role of the two additional high molecular weight secalins, present in the disomic addition line, in influencing improved dough characteristics is discussed.
Removal Rates of NOx, SOx, and Fine Dust Particles in Textile Fabrics Coated with Zeolite and Coconut Shell Activated Carbon
Authors: Yang Keun-Hyeok , Mun Ju-Hyun , Lee Jae-Uk
Published: October 2020

An effective method for coating textile fabrics with porous materials is proposed, and the removal rates of nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and fine dust particles in the coated textile fabrics are evaluated. The textile fabrics made of polyester are used to effectively reduce fine dust particles through static electricity. Zeolite and coconut shell activated carbon are used as porous material to reduce SOx and NOx, respectively. The effects of the epoxy content and dilution solution types on the SOx removal rate of textile fabrics coated with zeolite are evaluated to determine the optimum coating conditions. In addition, the effects of external environmental conditions, such as washing and freeze thawing, on the SOx and NOx removal rates of the textile fabrics coated with porous materials using the optimum coating conditions are examined. The test results show that the SOx removal rate of textile fabrics coated with zeolite decreases with the increase in the epoxy content. The decrease is 2.9 times larger for textile fabrics coated using deionized water than those coated using isopropyl alcohol. After one wash, the SOx removal rate decreases dramatically. However, the decrease is reduced by 16% when the epoxy content ratio is increased by 0.5%. The effects of washing and freeze thawing on the SOx and NOx removal rates of textile fabrics coated using the deionized water diluted with the epoxy content ratio of 2% are minimal. Consequently, to maintain stable SOx and NOx removal rates under external environmental conditions such as washing and freeze thawing, 98% deionized water dilution and 2% epoxy content ratio are required for the optimum coating of textile fabrics with zeolite and coconut shell activated carbon.
Structural and Thermodynamic Peculiarities of Core-Shell Particles at Fluid Interfaces from Triangular Lattice Models
Authors: Grishina Vera , Vikhrenko Vyacheslav , Ciach Alina
Published: October 2020

A triangular lattice model for pattern formation by core-shell particles at fluid interfaces is introduced and studied for the particle to core diameter ratio equal to 3. Repulsion for overlapping shells and attraction at larger distances due to capillary forces are assumed. Ground states and thermodynamic properties are determined analytically and by Monte Carlo simulations for soft outer- and stiffer inner shells, with different decay rates of the interparticle repulsion. We find that thermodynamic properties are qualitatively the same for slow and for fast decay of the repulsive potential, but the ordered phases are stable for temperature range depending strongly on the shape of the repulsive potential. More importantly, there are two types of patterns formed for fixed chemical potential - one for a slow and another one for a fast decay of the repulsion at small distances. In the first case two different patterns - for example clusters or stripes - occur with the same probability for some range of the chemical potential. For fixed concentration, an interface is formed between two ordered phases with the closest concentration, and the surface tension takes the same value for all stable interfaces. In the case of degeneracy, a stable interface cannot be formed for one out of four combinations of the coexisting phases, because of a larger surface tension. Our results show that by tuning the architecture of a thick polymeric shell, many different patterns can be obtained for sufficiently low temperature.
Effect of Wettability on Vaporization of Hydrocarbon Solvents in Nano Capillaries
Authors: Al-Kindi Ilyas , Babadagli Tayfun
Published: October 2020

Tight rock reservoirs have gained popularity and become a subject of great interest due to their huge recovery potential. A substantial portion of the potential hydrocarbon could be removed from the reservoir by injecting solvent gases (hydrocarbon or CO2) as an Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) application. Achieving a precise modeling of these processes and accurate description of hydrocarbon dynamics requires a clear understanding of phase-change behaviour in confined (capillary) medium. It was previously shown that early vaporization of liquids could occur in channels that were larger than 1000 nanometers. The surface wettability plays a critical role in influencing the vaporization and condensation nature in confined systems.

This paper studies the influence of the medium wettability on phase-transition temperatures of liquid hydrocarbons in macro (> 1000 nm) and nano (< 500 nm) channels by using different types of rock samples. The boiling temperature of hydrocarbon solvents was measured in two extreme wetting conditions: (1) strongly water wet, and (2) strongly oil wet. Boiling temperatures of heptane and octane in sandstone, limestone, and tight sandstone were observed to be lower than their bulk boiling points by closely 13%, on average. Altering rock wettability characteristically changes the average hydrocarbon nucleation temperatures being as critical as the pore size. The experimental outcomes also showed that reducing the solvent adsorption on clays in Berea sandstone lowers the nucleation temperature of heptane and octane from their normal phase-change temperatures by 30%.
Fracture Characterization During Flowback with Two-Phase Flow in Tight and Ultratight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Fengyuan , Emami-Meybodi Hamid
Published: October 2020

Flowback rate transient analysis (RTA) is a practical tool for characterizing hydraulic fracture (HF) properties. However, the accuracy of the interpreted results from flowback RTA is challenged by the complexity in two-phase flow in the hydraulic fracture and matrix system. Accordingly, we present a new semianalytical method to characterize HF attributes and dynamics using multi-phase flowback data for tight and ultratight (shale) oil wells. The proposed method includes a two-phase diagnostic plot, a fracture RTA approach for straight-line analysis, and a matrix model capable of characterizing water and oil flow. The RTA approach is based on fracture infinite acting linear flow (IALF) and boundary dominated flow (BDF) solutions, which treats HF as an open tank with a variable production rate at the well and the contribution of water and oil from matrix within the distance of investigation (DOI). The pressure-dependent fluid and geomechanical properties, such as permeability and porosity, are considered in the pseudotime defined in fracture and matrix to reduce the nonlinearity of the system. We tested the accuracy of the proposed method against numerical results obtained from commercial software and verified its applicability by analyzing the flowback and long-term production data from a field example in Eagle Ford shale. The validation results confirm that our method can closely calculate water and oil influx from matrix as well as the average pressure and saturation in the HF and matrix DOI. The accurate estimation of the initial fracture permeability and pore volume demonstrates the applicability of the proposed method in quantifying HF properties from two-phase flowback data exhibiting fracture IALF and BDF regimes. The analysis results show that the estimated initial fracture pore volume shows more accuracy than initial fracture permeability due to the different calculation sources in the straight-line analysis. In short, the proposed method is, to our best knowledge, the first RTA approach incorporating the two-phase water and oil influx from matrix into the inverse analysis of fracture properties and dynamics using straight-line analysis, instead of history matching
Innovative Use of Solid Expandable Liners as Host in Multilateral Well Construction Applications
Authors: Wold Andreas , Berge Frode , Paulsen Eric , Baker Roy
Published: October 2020

Solid Expandable Tubular (SET) usage in drilling applications of oil and gas wells has traditionally spanned drilling challenges such as covering up unstable formations due to pressure variations, isolate sections with losses or wellbore intrusions, maximizing Inner Diameter (ID) of the liner at Total Depth (TD) to improve Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) of the next cementing operation. A bigger ID also gives room for higher production rates due to lower pressure through prod tubing.

As operators are looking to cut well costs, well designs are optimized with as few casing strings as possible to get to TD. Solid expandable liners have customarily been considered a contingency only to be installed in case problems arise. The operational envelope of expandable liners has broadened over the years with the introduction of high torque expandable connections and rotation-enabled expandable liners which has allowed the liners to be run in more complex scenarios and in increasingly challenging down hole applications. Operators have started becoming aware of the fact that expandable liners can play a bigger role as a planned-in and permanent tool in the operational tool box. One such area is multilateral wells where reservoir contact can be greatly increased by drilling multiple sections through the reservoir from one mother-bore. By using existing casing infrastructure operators can drill additional reservoir section(s) without drilling completely new wells, saving both time and money.

One major North Sea operator recognized a potential to utilize an expandable liner in a multilateral application, and have completed the first two wells validating this solution for constructing multilateral junctions from an expandable liner run and expanded out of a milled window in 10 ¾ in. casing. The post-expanded drift of the expandable liner allowed for drilling of an 8 ½ in. mainbore out of the expanded liner shoe, and an 8 ½ in. lateral branch sidetrack with a pressure seal multilateral junction installed. Length requirement of the expandable liner was estimated to be from 500 to 1000m as the solid expandable liner would need to isolate the gas zone, although it was not required to act as a permanent barrier. During the pre-validation phase connection gas testing was performed, as well as post-expanded wear testing in order to simulate liner wear from drilling two 6000m long reservoir sections. The next test well was planned with two multilateral junctions allowing for a total of three reservoir sections.

This paper details the innovative approach a major North Sea operator took to multilateral wellbore design utilizing the SET system in three distinct ways in the same installation; 1) as a means to temporarily isolating the gas zone in the reservoir in order to drill the oil zone, 2) utilize the SET system as host casing for a multilateral junctions and 3) to isolate existing perforations in the 10 ¾ in. casing.
Integrated Data Analysis to Identify Best Practices for Non-core Asset Development in The Eagle Ford
Authors: Jayakumar Swathika , Warren Mark , Wood Tanner
Published: October 2020

The Eagle Ford Shale play has undergone significant development over the last decade, with indications that there is still room for additional development. As operator's move to non-core areas there is a need for additional optimization to effectively drain these new areas. This paper studies trends emerging from a post-stimulation completion diagnostics database, comprised of over 10 years of data, to help identify factors associated with effective horizontal completions in the Eagle Ford shale.

By employing data analytical techniques to the horizontal well database, critical production performance metrics and insights associated with effective completions are presented. Coupled with this, case histories are also included that illustrate techniques that have increased overall completion effectiveness in relation to proppant placement, cluster treatment efficiency, stage containment, well deliverability, wells spacing/frac size optimization, and ultimately increased production performance. The case histories also highlight the effects of completion optimization on limiting production declines as operators move into non-core acreage over time in most North American shale plays, and more specifically the Eagle Ford shale.
Machine Learning Based Predictive Models for CO2 Corrosion in Pipelines With Various Bending Angles
Authors: Yang Huihui , Lu Ligang , Tsai Kuochen
Published: October 2020

Predicting CO2 corrosion in fluid transmission pipelines is crucial for oil/gas company in upstream applications. This paper applies Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) and Multiple Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) models for the prediction of CO2 corrosion in aqueous pipelines with different pipe bending angles. To build the predictive models, a data set with total of 77,745 data points was generated parametrically by a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Since different environmental conditions and geometries of the pipeline may cause non-uniform corrosion, a total of seven variables, including flow velocity, pH value, CO2 concentration, pipe inner diameter, pipe bend angle, radius and temperature are taken as the input features with the corrosion rate as the target variable. The CFD model was then used to compute the electrochemical processes occurring at the metal surfaces to predict the corrosion rate. Knowing that these features have nonlinear relationship with the target, tree based LightGBM, and neural network based MLPNN were chosen. LightGBM can control the overfitting issues, deal with comparative scales of the features and learn non-linear decision boundaries via boosting. The most significant findings are that these two types of machine learning (ML) algorithms have higher efficiency and can predict new results in microseconds in contrast to hours or even days using CFD. The R square of the LightGBM model is 0.9985, which is slightly higher than that of the MLPNN model at 0.9931. The k-fold cross validation results also show the stability of the two models. These ML models are 5 to 6 orders of magnitude faster than CFD models with similar accuracy therefore significantly saving time and cost. We further built a web application based on these predictive models as a tool for pipeline design and monitoring applications.