bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Condyle‐glenoid fossa relationship after Herbst appliance treatment during two stages of craniofacial skeletal maturation: A retrospective study
Authors: Cheib Vilefort Paula Loureiro , Farah Leticia Orefice , Gontijo Henrique Pársia , Moro Alexandre , Ruellas Antonio Carlos de Oliveira , Cevidanes Lucia Helena Soares , Nguyen Tung , Franchi Lorenzo , McNamara James A. , Souki Bernardo Quiroga
Published: August 2019

Objectives

To perform a three‐dimensional evaluation of the position of the condyles in patients treated with Herbst appliance (HA) in two stages of cervical vertebral maturation.

Setting and sample population

Retrospective case‐control study. Pubertal Herbst group (PHG; n = 24, mean age 14.5 years, CS 3 and CS 4) and pre‐pubertal Herbst group (PPHG; n = 17, mean age 9.9 years, CS 1 and CS 2) were contrasted with comparison groups of non‐orthopaedically treated Class II patients in pubertal (PCG; n = 17, mean age 13.9 years) and pre‐pubertal maturational stages (PPCG; n = 18, mean age 10.6 years).

Materials and Methods

Cone‐beam computer tomography scans were taken before treatment (T0) and at T1 after 8 to 12 months. Point‐to‐point measurements of the displacement of the condyles between T0 and T1, relative to the glenoid fossae, were performed in the X, Y, Z and 3D perspectives. Qualitative assessments using semi‐transparent overlays and colour mapping also were produced.

Results

The displacement of the condyles within the glenoid fossae in the treated groups was small (<0.75 mm; P > .05). Relative to the glenoid fossa, condylar position at T1 was similar to T0 in pre‐pubertal and pubertal groups (P > .05). Similar condylar rotations from T0 to T1 were observed in Herbst and comparison groups, and no significant difference was found between pre‐pubertal and pubertal patients.

Conclusions

Regardless the stage of skeletal maturation, HA treatment did not change the condyle‐glenoid fossa relationship.
Part 1: Moral motivation inMencius—When a child falls into a well
Authors: Hu Jing Iris
Published: August 2019

As a 4th century BCE Confucian text, Mencius provides a rich reflection on moral emotions, such as empathy and compassion, and moral cultivation, which has drawn attention from scholars around the world. This two‐part discussion dwells on the idea of natural moral motivation expressed through the analogy of the four sprouts—particularly the sprout ofceyin zhixin(the heart of feelings others' distress)—as the starting point, the focus, and the drive of moral cultivation. In this paper, Part 1, I stress the importance of holding an integrated view of the sprouts as consisting of three components: cognitive, affective, and motivational. Through examining scholarly accounts that do not adhere to such a view, I demonstrate why the integrative perspective is necessary for understanding the dynamic nature of human moral potential and the centrality of moral cultivation in Mencian ethics.
Recognition of an HLA‐C*04 variant, HLA‐C*04:30, in two Kuwaiti families
Authors: Jahromi Mohamed , Rahma Zahra , Nazim Rasheeba , Lin Py‐Yu , Yang Kuo‐Liang
Published: August 2019

A nucleotide substitution in codon 227 of HLA‐C*04:01:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐C*04:30.
The Developmental Origins of Syntactic Bootstrapping
Authors: Fisher Cynthia , Jin Kyong‐sun , Scott Rose M.
Published: August 2019

Children use syntax to learn verbs, in a process known as syntactic bootstrapping. The structure‐mapping account proposes that syntactic bootstrapping begins with a universal bias to map each noun phrase in a sentence onto a participant role in a structured conceptual representation of an event. Equipped with this bias, children interpret thenumber of noun phrasesaccompanying a new verb as evidence about the semantic predicate–argument structure of the sentence, and therefore about the meaning of the verb. In this paper, we first review evidence for the structure–mapping account, and then discuss challenges to the account arising from the existence of languages that allow verbs' arguments to be omitted, such as Korean. These challenges prompt us to (a) refine our notion of the distributional learning mechanisms that create representations of sentence structure, and (b) propose that anexpectation of discourse continuityallows children to gather linguistic evidence for each verb’s arguments across sentences in a coherent discourse. Taken together, the proposed learning mechanisms and biases sketch a route whereby simple aspects of sentence structure guide verb learning from the start of multi‐word sentence comprehension, and do so even if some of the new verb’s arguments are omitted due to discourse redundancy.
Twenty years of traffic: A 2020 vision of cellular electron microscopy
Authors: Parton Robert G.
Published: August 2019

The last 20 years have seen incredible advances in electron microscopy (EM). Cryoelectron microscopy can now resolve protein structures to a previously unimaginable resolution but the advances in cellular EM are just as significant. I will take this opportunity to briefly summarize some of the new developments in cellular EM.
Decolonising museum cultures: An artist and a geographer in collaboration
Authors: Tolia‐Kelly Divya P. , Raymond Rosanna
Published: August 2019

There is much published research and strategic rhetoric on decolonising the discipline, the academy, and institutions of social and cultural importance. However, very little literature examines the stepping stones in the process of materially challenging, changing, and decolonising institutions themselves. This paper emerges as an outline of axes or episodes of dialogue in a collaborative journey between the artist Rosanna Raymond and myself, since 2005. We outline the issues encountered: some of these are intrinsically the legacies of imperial museology and the paradigms through which we evaluate and exhibit the cultures of racialised “others.” The episodes act as a means of understanding the politics and ways of decolonising that are possible. The collaboration enables the potential for interdisciplinary “ways of seeing” that counter colonial frameworks. The paper unravels the effect of imperial accounts of “other” cultures at museums, explored here through “Maori” and “Polynesian” curatorial practices and representations at the museum.
Asymmetric temporal envelope encoding: Implications for within- and across-ear envelope comparison
Authors: Anderson Sean R. , Kan Alan , Litovsky Ruth Y.
Published: August 2019

Separating sound sources in acoustic environments relies on making ongoing, highly accurate spectro-temporal comparisons. However, listeners with hearing impairment may have varying quality of temporal encoding within or across ears, which may limit the listeners' ability to make spectro-temporal comparisons between places-of-stimulation. In this study in normal hearing listeners, depth of amplitude modulation (AM) for sinusoidally amplitude modulated (SAM) tones was manipulated in an effort to reduce the coding of periodicity in the auditory nerve. The ability to judge differences in AM rates was studied for stimuli presented to different cochlear places-of-stimulation, within- or across-ears. It was hypothesized that if temporal encoding was poorer for one tone in a pair, then sensitivity to differences in AM rate of the pair would decrease. Results indicated that when the depth of AM was reduced from 50% to 20% for one SAM tone in a pair, sensitivity to differences in AM rate decreased. Sensitivity was greatest for AM rates near 90 Hz and depended upon the places-of-stimulation being compared. These results suggest that degraded temporal representations in the auditory nerve for one place-of-stimulation could lead to deficits comparing that temporal information with other places-of-stimulation.
Ferroicity-driven nonlinear photocurrent switching in time-reversal invariant ferroic materials
Authors: Wang Hua , Qian Xiaofeng
Published: August 2019

Theoretical study reveals nonlinear photocurrent switching upon ferroic transition without breaking time-reversal symmetry.
Response to Comment on “A subset of HLA-I peptides are not genomically templated: Evidence for cis- and trans-spliced peptide ligands”
Authors: Faridi Pouya , Li Chen , Ramarathinam Sri H. , Illing Patricia T. , Mifsud Nicole A. , Ayala Rochelle , Song Jiangning , Gearing Linden J. , Croft Nathan P. , Purcell Anthony W.
Published: August 2019

This is our response to the Technical Comment by Rolfs
et al.
where we point out errors in their reanalysis of our data.
Plasmodium falciparum Kelch Propeller Polymorphisms in Clinical Isolates from Ghana from 2007 to 2016
Authors: Matrevi Sena A. , Opoku-Agyeman Philip , Quashie Neils B. , Bruku Selassie , Abuaku Benjamin , Koram Kwadwo A. , Fox Anne , Letizia Andrew , Duah-Quashie Nancy O.
Published: August 2019

The continuous surveillance of polymorphisms in the kelch propeller domain of
Plasmodium falciparum
from Africa is important for the discovery of the actual markers of artemisinin resistance in the region. The information on the markers is crucial for control strategies involving chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis for residents and nonimmune travelers to the country.
Genome-Wide Analysis of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Binding to HIV-1 RNA Reveals a Key Role for hnRNP H1 in Alternative Viral mRNA Splicing
Authors: Kutluay Sebla B. , Emery Ann , Penumutchu Srinivasa R. , Townsend Dana , Tenneti Kasyap , Madison Michaela K. , Stukenbroeker Amanda M. , Powell Chelsea , Jannain David , Tolbert Blanton S. , Swanstrom Ronald I. , Bieniasz Paul D.
Published: August 2019

Alternative splicing of HIV-1 mRNAs is an essential yet quite poorly understood step of virus replication that enhances the coding potential of the viral genome and allows the temporal regulation of viral gene expression. Although HIV-1 constitutes an important model system for general studies of the regulation of alternative splicing, the inputs that determine the efficiency with which splice sites are utilized remain poorly defined. Our studies provide an experimental framework to study an essential step of HIV-1 replication more comprehensively and in much greater detail than was previously possible and reveal novel
cis
-acting elements regulating HIV-1 splicing.
Horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome
Authors: Gonen Korcan Aysun , Canitez Yakup , Bostan Ozlem Mehtap , Yazici Zeynep
Published: August 2019

Horseshoe lung is a rare congenital anomaly and mostly accompanied by scimitar syndrome. Most aspects of this complex anomaly can be demonstrated via multidetector CT (MDCT). We present two baby girls who had horseshoe lung associated with right lung hypoplasia and scimitar vein. The chest roentgenograms showed displacement of the heart and mediastinum to the right with smaller right lung. Echocardiography revealed dextroposition, secundum atrial septal defect and bilateral slight peripheral pulmonary stenosis in the first case and dextroposition, severe pulmonary hypertension, secundum atrial septal defect and tricuspid regurgitation in the other one. On thoracic MDCT, the right lung and pulmonary artery were hypoplastic with cardiomediastinal shift to the right. There was an abnormal right pulmonary vein draining into the inferior vena cava on the lower zone of the right lung (scimitar vein). The posterobasal portions of the both lungs were fused through a midline isthmus behind the heart.
Traumatic dissection of the coeliac artery and splenic injury following blunt trauma
Authors: Li Bobby Vincent , Damodaran Prabha Ramesh , Narra Maruthi , Nguyen Hung
Published: August 2019

An 18-year-old male patient presented to our regional referral hospital postcollapse at home. This was about 48 hours following a 2 m fall from a mountain bike. CT scan at presentation showed a grade 3/4 laceration at the splenic lower pole with some haemoperitoneum. He was managed conservatively. However, on day 4 he developed increasing abdominal pain which prompted repeat CT abdominal angiography. This scan did not show any further active bleeding from the spleen, however, a coeliac artery dissection was discovered, which was not evident on the first scan. After liaison with the vascular surgery team at a tertiary hospital, this was treated conservatively. Coeliac artery dissection following blunt trauma is an extremely rare occurrence, with fewer than 10 cases described in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first case of concurrent splenic injury and coeliac artery dissection following blunt trauma to be reported.
Rare presentation of ileocolic intussusception secondary to mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Aukhojee Veeresh , Gilong Creski M , Seewoogoolam Gayatri , Strauss Paul N
Published: August 2019

Mantle cell lymphoma is a type of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and accounts for 3%–6% of all adult NHL.1 2Bowel intussusception secondary to lymphoma is rare in adults, accounting for only 4% of all cases.3The authors present the case of a 53-year-old man, recently diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma, who presented with sudden onset right-sided abdominal pain and was found to have ileocolic intussusception up to the hepatic flexure on abdominal CT. He underwent an emergency right hemicolectomy and intraoperatively, the terminal ileum could be seen telescoping into the caecum, up to the hepatic flexure. Although intussusception is uncommon in the adult population, an underlying bowel pathology should always be considered and prompt imaging should be organised to confirm the diagnosis and allow initiation of management in a timely manner.
Arm malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour: a rare clinical presentation
Authors: Nascimento Ricardo , Valença-Filipe Rita , Horta Ricardo , Silva Álvaro
Published: August 2019

Soft tissue sarcomas account for about 1% of malignant tumours. More than 50 subtypes of these tumours have been described with some being extremely rare, namely malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST). The authors present a case of a man aged 81 years with a medical history of an adenocarcinoma of the rectum, which was referred to our clinic due to a growing painless mass on the right arm. An MRI showed a well-delimited encapsulated mass involving the long head of the biceps muscle. Biopsy findings revealed a spindle cell tumour with cytonuclear pleomorphism. The patient underwent wide tumour excision and was successfully reconstructed with a latissimus dorsi functional muscle transfer. The presence of two pulmonary nodules on CT scan staging implied a lung biopsy that showed rectum primary tumour metastases. With these additional findings, the pathology department reassessed the case and reclassified the arm tumour as an MPNST, synchronous with pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastases of the rectum.
Sweet’s syndrome with pulmonary involvement
Authors: Mehrtens Sarah Helen , Hasan Zeeshan Ul , Halpern Saul Maxim , McLornan Donal Patrick
Published: August 2019

Sweet’s syndrome is an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis with classical clinical features. Systemic manifestations in Sweet’s syndrome including fever, arthralgia, myalgia and ocular involvement are common. Pulmonary involvement is a rare manifestation that has been reported previously in 34 cases and can be fatal if left untreated. We report a striking case of Sweet’s syndrome with respiratory failure secondary to bilateral pulmonary interstitial infiltrates, which rapidly responded to intravenous corticosteroid therapy. This case is an important reminder of the systemic manifestations of Sweet’s syndrome and highlights the value of collaboration between different medical specialities to optimise patient management and outcomes.
Surgical approach to a left-sided gallbladder
Authors: Pereira Ryan , Perera Marlon , Roberts Matthew , Avramovic John
Published: August 2019

Biliary colic is a pain in the right upper quadrant or epigastrium thought to be caused by functional gallbladder spasm from a temporary obstructing stone in the gallbladder neck, cystic duct or common bile duct. A 56-year-old man presented with frequent episodes of typical biliary colic. At initial laparoscopy, the gallbladder was absent from its anatomic location. Further inspection revealed a left-sided gallbladder (LSGB), suspended from liver segment 3. Preoperative ultrasound, the most common imaging modality for symptomatic gallstones, has a low positive predictive value for detecting LSGB (2.7%). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was delayed to attain additional imaging. A magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography demonstrated the gallbladder left of the falciform ligament with the cystic duct entering the common hepatic duct from the left. The patient underwent an elective LC 8 weeks later. The critical view of safety is paramount to safe surgical dissection and could be safely achieved for LSGB.
Qualitative study exploring the key determinants of information gathering to inform the management of over-the-counter (OTC) consultations in community pharmacies
Authors: Cassie Heather , Duncan Eilidh M , Gibb Elizabeth A , Power Ailsa , Young Linda , Newlands Rumana , Watson Mags C
Published: August 2019

Objectives

Gathering relevant patient information during over-the-counter (OTC) consultations increases the likelihood of safe, effective and person-centred outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the key determinants to information gathering during consultations for non-prescription medicine requests in community pharmacies in Scotland.

Design

Semi-structured interviews using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), with community pharmacy teams across Scotland. Interviews explored participants’ knowledge of current guidance, skills required to elicit information and barriers and facilitators associated with this behaviour. Theory-based content analysis was undertaken using the TDF as an initial coding framework to identify key determinants and map them to salient domains. Salience was determined by prominence or variation in views. Comparative analysis was undertaken by professional role.

Results

Thirty interviews were conducted with pharmacists (n=19) and medicine counter assistants (MCAs) (n=11). Eight salient domains were identified: environmental context and resources (privacy), beliefs about consequences (patient safety), skills (communication, decision-making), social influences (patient awareness of pharmacist role), knowledge (awareness and use of standard operating procedures), social professional role and identity (perception of own role), behavioural regulation (training) and intention (to gather information). Similar domains were salient for pharmacists and MCAs; however, different beliefs were associated with different roles. Overarching themes were identified: best practice, health literacy, decision-making and professionalism.

Conclusions

Multiple influences and complexities affect the effective management of OTC consultations. While similar factors impact on both pharmacists and MCAs at a patient, professional and environmental level, subtle differences exist in how these influence their management of OTC consultations. This study highlights the importance of tailoring interventions to reflect different roles, functions and responsibilities of community pharmacy personnel.
Mindfulness-based intervention for tennis players: a quasi-experimental pilot study
Authors: Hoja Sabine , Jansen Petra
Published: August 2019

Objectives

Mindfulness-based interventions in the context of sports have been shown to result in higher mindfulness scores and improved physiological and psychological parameters. The goal of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of a newly developed seven-session mindfulness-based intervention,mindfulemotions, on German tennis players.

Methods

The study was conducted in a pre–post test design with an intervention and a control group. Before and after the mindfulness-based stress reduction training the following dependent measurements were assessed: athletic performance (serve accuracy) and psychological performance indicators (mindfulness, stress and competition anxiety).

Results

The results indicate a better performance of the intervention group for the difference scores between post-test and pre-test in one of the sport-related anxiety factors, the concentration disturbances index.

Conclusion

In order to further investigate the effects of this mindfulness-based intervention in competitive sports, additional studies with a larger number of participants have to follow.
The imaginary of precision public health
Authors: Kenney Martha , Mamo Laura
Published: August 2019

In recent years, precision medicine has emerged as a charismatic name for a growing movement to revolutionise biomedicine by bringing genomic knowledge and sequencing to clinical care. Increasingly, the precision revolution has also included a new paradigm called precision public health—part genomics, part informatics, part public health and part biomedicine. Advocates of precision public health, such as Sue Desmond-Hellmann, argue that adopting cutting-edge big data approaches will allow public health actors to precisely target populations who experience the highest burden of disease and mortality, creating more equitable health futures. In this article we analyse precision public health as a sociotechnical imaginary, examining how calls for precision shape which public health efforts are seen as necessary and desirable. By comparing the rhetoric of precision public health to precision warfare, we find that precision prescribes technical solutions to complex problems and promises data-driven futures free of uncertainty, unnecessary suffering and inefficient use of resources. We look at how these imagined futures shape the present as they animate public health initiatives in the Global South funded by powerful philanthropic organisations, such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, as well as local efforts to address cancer disparities in San Francisco. Through our analysis of the imaginary of precision public health, we identify an emerging tension between health equity goals and precision’s technical solutions. Using large datasets to target interventions with greater precision, we argue, fails to address the upstream social determinants of health that give rise to health disparities worldwide. Therefore, we urge caution around investing in precision without a complementary commitment to addressing the social and economic conditions that are the root cause of health inequality.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of aquaporin gene family related to abiotic stress in watermelon
Authors: Zhou Yong , Tao Junjie , Ahammed Golam Jalal , Li Jingwen , Yang Youxin
Published: August 2019

The plant aquaporins (AQPs) are highly conserved integral membrane proteins that participate in multiple developmental processes and responses to various stresses. In this study, a total of 35 AQP genes were identified in the watermelon genome. The phylogenetic analysis showed that these AQPs can be divided into five types, including 16 plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), eight tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), eight nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), two small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and one uncategorized X intrinsic protein (XIP). A number of cis-elements related to plant responses to hormones and stresses were detected in the promoter sequences of ClAQP genes. Chromosome distribution analysis revealed that the genes are unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes, with chromosomes 1 and 4 possessing the most genes. Expression analysis at different developmental stages in flesh and rind indicated that most of ClAQPs have tissue-specific expression. Meanwhile, some other AQP genes showed differential expression in response to cold, salt, and ABA treatments, which is consistent with the organization of the stress-responsive cis-elements detected in the promoter regions. Our results lay a foundation for understanding the specific functions of ClAQP genes to help the genetic improvement of watermelon.
Common Due Window Assignment Scheduling with Proportional Linear Deterioration Effects
Authors: Huang Xue , Yin Na , Liu Wei-Wei , Wang Ji-Bo
Published: August 2019

In this paper, single-machine scheduling problems with proportional linear deterioration effects and common due window assignment simultaneously are considered. Two different objective functions are studied, the first is to minimize the sum of the number of early jobs, number of tardy jobs and due window location and due window size, the second is to minimize the sum of the earliness cost, tardiness cost, due window location and due window size. Optimality properties for all problems are provided and polynomial time algorithms for solving these problems are given.
Two-Machine Ordered Flow Shop Scheduling with Generalized Due Dates
Authors: Park Myoung-Ju , Choi Byung-Cheon , Min Yunhong , Kim Kyung Min
Published: August 2019

We consider a two-machine flow shop scheduling with two properties. The first is that each due date is assigned for a specific position different from the traditional definition of due dates, and the second is that a consistent pattern exists in the processing times within each job and each machine. The objective is to minimize maximum tardiness, total tardiness, or total number of tardy jobs. We prove the strong NP-hardness and inapproximability, and investigate some polynomially solvable cases. Finally, we develop heuristics and verify their performances through numerical experiments.
Near- and mid-infrared bandgaps in a 1D photonic crystal containing superconductor and semiconductor-metamaterial
Authors: Nayak Chittaranjan , Aghajamali Alireza , Saha Ardhendu , Das Narottam
Published: August 2019

By using the transfer matrix method, the theoretical investigation has been carried out in the near- and mid-infrared bandgaps for a periodic multilayered structure that was composed of superconductor (SC) and semiconductor-metamaterial. It was found that two bandgaps appeared within the computational regions which are effectively optimized by manipulating the thickness of the SC film, fill factor of the semiconductor-metamaterial and the incidence angle of the incident electromagnetic wave. However, the thickness of the SC film and fill factor of the semiconductor-metamaterial are responsible for the red-shift of bandgaps, while the blue-shift is accounted for by the angle of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves. It is notable, for the TM wave, that the bandgaps disappeared at the incident angles of approximately 60[Formula: see text]. Such properties are quite useful in designing any new types of edge filters and other optical devices in the near- and mid-infrared frequencies.
Energy and momentum operator substitution method derived from Schrödinger equation for light and matter waves
Authors: Akuamoah Saviour Worlanyo , Seadawy Aly R. , Lu Dianchen
Published: August 2019

In this paper, the energy and momentum operator substitution method derived from the Schrödinger equation is used to list all possible light and matter wave equations, among which the first light wave equation and relativistic approximation equation are proposed for the first time. We expect that we will have some practical application value. The negative sign pairing of energy and momentum operators are important characteristics of this paper. Then the Klein–Gordon equation and Dirac equation are introduced. The process of deriving relativistic energy–momentum relationship by undetermined coefficient method and establishing Dirac equation are mainly introduced. Dirac’s idea of treating negative energy in relativity into positrons is also discussed. Finally, the four-dimensional space-time representation of relativistic wave equation is introduced, which is usually the main representation of quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory.
HMM-based phonetic engine for continuous speech of a regional language
Authors: Kaur Rupinderdeep , Sharma R. K. , Kumar Parteek
Published: August 2019

A Phonetic Engine (PE), phonetic-level speech recognition system for continuous speech of a regional language named Punjabi, has been proposed in this paper. Punjabi is a highly prosodic language and a very small amount of work has been done in this direction on this language. As a first step towards the development of PE, 25 hrs of data is collected in three different modes, namely, Read Speech, Conversational Speech and Lecture Speech. The 10 hrs of collected data is then manually transcribed using International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) chart. The architecture of the PE includes three different phases: data preparation, system training and system testing. Initially, the vocabulary of 49 phones is chosen by carefully analyzing the symbol frequency in IPA transcription and data files are prepared to train the system accordingly. The prepared data files and speech files are then used for modeling and feature extraction. In the development of PE, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) is used as a feature extraction technique and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) as a classifier. The PE is developed using HTK Toolkit. The performance of PE is evaluated using three different approaches: (i) by increasing the amount of data from 3 hrs to 5 hrs, (ii) by decreasing the number of symbols from 49 to 29 and (iii) by increasing MFCC dimensions from 12 to 36. An accuracy of 72.3% has been achieved in this work when 5 hrs data with 29 symbols and 12 MFCCs was employed.
A Low-Loss and High-Isolation Transformer-Based mm-Wave SPDT with Integrated Fan-out Wafer Level Packaging
Authors: Quan Xing , Luo Jiang , Su Guodong , Jing Kai , Zhan Jinsong
Published: August 2019

This paper proposes a low-loss and high-isolation transformer (TF)-based mm-wave single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch. The center-tapped technique is employed at the secondary coil of TF to improve isolation performance. The TF is implemented with the metals in redistribution layers (RDLs) in integrated fan-out (InFO) wafer level packaging technology to obtain low insertion loss (IL) and small chip size as the TF usually dominates the area of SPDT. The control device of the SPDT is realized in 40[Formula: see text]nm bulk CMOS process. The simulated result shows the proposed SPDT achieves a minimum IL of 1.34[Formula: see text]dB and the IL is less than 2.2[Formula: see text]dB at 24–31[Formula: see text]GHz. The isolations are better than 27[Formula: see text]dB between two double-throw ports and better than 20[Formula: see text]dB between single-pole and double-throw ports, respectively. The proposed SPDT has a compact silicon size of 220[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] (with PADs) and its return losses are better than [Formula: see text]9[Formula: see text]dB at 24–31[Formula: see text]GHz and. This work explores a new chip-package co-design method for the SPDT and may have some guidance for the co-design of SPDT and antenna in package (AiP).
Sentiment Analysis for a Resource Poor Language—Roman Urdu
Authors: Mehmood Khawar , Essam Daryl , Shafi Kamran , Malik Muhammad Kamran
Published: August 2019

Sentiment analysis is an important sub-task of Natural Language Processing that aims to determine the polarity of a review. Most of the work done on sentiment analysis is for the resource-rich languages of the world, but very limited work has been done on resource-poor languages. In this work, we focus on developing a Sentiment Analysis System for Roman Urdu, which is a resource-poor language. To this end, a dataset of 11,000 reviews has been gathered from six different domains. Comprehensive annotation guidelines were defined and the dataset was annotated using the multi-annotator methodology. Using the annotated dataset, state-of-the-art algorithms were used to build a sentiment analysis system. To improve the results of these algorithms, four different studies were carried out based on: word-level features, character level features, and feature union. The best results showed that we could reduce the error rate by 12% from the baseline (80.07%). Also, to see if the improvements are statistically significant, we applied t-test and Confidence Interval on the obtained results and found that the best results of each study are statistically significant from the baseline.
Towards a test and validation framework for closed-loop physiology management systems for critical and perioperative care
Authors: Gessa Farooq , Asare Philip , Bray Aaron , Clipp Rachel , Poler S. Mark
Published: August 2019

Many of medical devices come equipped with a communication interface. Over the years, there has been interest in leveraging these interfaces to add computers to the loop to aid in decision making and automatic application of interventions. Such systems, which we call Closed-Loop Assistants (CLAs), are intended to help clinicians manage the cognitive load that can arise as the complexity of patient management increases. We present an open-source framework for examining CLA-patient interactions through software simulations of the CLA with
in-silico
patients to enable early testing and validation of proposed physiology management strategies. We show how this framework can be used to test different strategies across a small patient population. Considering a patient population is important because inter-patient variability is one of the critical factors that can hamper the ability of a medical cyber-physical system like the CLA to meet its goals. The ability to explore this variability early in the design process therefore helps us in increasing robustness of the system.
Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency as a Complication of Gastrointestinal Surgery and the Impact of Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy
Authors: Chaudhary Adarsh , Domínguez-Muñoz J. Enrique , Layer Peter , Lerch Markus M.
Published: August 2019

Background: Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is characterized by inadequate production, insufficient secretion, and/or inactivation of pancreatic enzymes, resulting in maldigestion. The aim of this review was to analyze the prevalence and pathophysiology of PEI resulting from gastrointestinal (GI) surgery and to examine the use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) for effectively managing PEI. Summary: A targeted PubMed search was conducted for studies examining the prevalence and pathophysiology of PEI in patients following GI surgery and for studies assessing the effects of PERT in these patients. PEI is a common complication following GI surgery that can lead to nutritional deficiencies, which may contribute to morbidity and mortality in patients. Timely treatment of PEI with PERT can prevent malnutrition, increase quality of life, and possibly reduce the associated mortality. Treatment of PEI should aim not only to alleviate symptoms but also to achieve significant improvements in nutritional parameters. Dose optimization of PERT is required for effective management of PEI, in addition to regular assessment of nutritional status, appropriate patient education, and reassessment if symptoms return. Key Messages: Difficulties in detecting PEI following GI surgery can result in undiagnosed and untreated maldigestion, leading to metabolic complications and increased morbidity. Both are preventable by early administration and monitoring for optimal doses of PERT.
Modified FOLFOX-6 Plus Bevacizumab Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Funasaka Chikako , Kanemasa Yusuke , Shimoyama Tatsu , Ohta Akihito , Omuro Yasushi
Published: August 2019

Fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin (L-OHP) (FOLFOX) plus bevacizumab (BV) therapy is commonly administered to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, few reports have described L-OHP therapy in hemodialysis patients, and the efficacy and safety remain uncertain in this population. Here, we report three cases of hemodialysis patients with colorectal cancer who received a modified FOLFOX-6 (mFOLFOX-6, or FOLFOX plus folinic acid) plus BV regimen every 3 weeks. One patient, a 65-year-old man with chronic renal failure consequent to diabetic nephropathy, underwent hemodialysis 3 times/week. He exhibited a partial response after 7 cycles of mFOLFOX-6 plus BV, with the major adverse events of Grade 1 peripheral neuropathy and Grade 2 thrombocytopenia. He died of perforation-related septic shock. A 71-year-old man previously treated with bosutinib for chronic myelocytic leukemia received 9 cycles of mFOLFOX-6 plus BV and achieved stable disease. Chemotherapy was administered every 4 weeks, and the 5-fluorouracil dose was reduced after he developed Grade 4 neutropenia. A 71-year-old woman with chronic renal failure consequent to diabetic nephropathy underwent hemodialysis 3 times a week. She received 3 cycles of mFOLFOX-6 plus BV, but exhibited disease progression and developed Grade 4 neutropenia, which necessitated a reduced 5-fluorouracil dose. After completing FOLFOX therapy, she began second-line irinotecan/5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFIRI) plus BV therapy. In two cases, bone marrow suppression increased the difficulty of L-OHP dose escalation. We conclude that mFOLFOX-6 plus BV, with appropriate dose reduction, is acceptable for patients with chronic renal failure. Further data are needed to determine the adequate chemotherapy dose.
Comadres do interior paulista, das casas de turma às estações: as construções sem destino
Authors: Ribeiro Eduardo Bacani
Published: August 2019

Esta reflexão crítica tem por objetivo discutir o patrimônio ferroviário da Estrada de Ferro Araraquara (EFA) presente na região de São José do Rio Preto, noroeste do estado de São Paulo. Por meio de imagens, tabelas, comparações, relatos orais, levantamentos in loco e referências bibliográficas, pretende-se compreender a carga histórica e a condição hodierna de estações, casas de turma e armazéns. Instalados em áreas privilegiadas do ambiente citadino, esses signos da memória urbana – que, vinculados à cafeicultura, foram responsáveis por um significativo desenvolvimento regional e estadual – sofreram, ao longo dos anos, uma total inversão em seu valor social, não apresentando, nos dias de hoje, nenhuma função e/ou previsão de novo uso, o que torna alarmante a permanência de tal situação não apenas pela carga histórica desses elementos, como também pela potencialidade de se converterem em áreas que ofereçam uma melhor qualidade de vida aos meios urbanos em que estão inseridos.
A trajetória da conservação-restauração de bens culturais móveis e integrados no Iphan: desdobramentos da “Escola Edson Motta” em Minas Gerais (1946-1976)
Authors: Mota Elis Marina , Nakamuta Adriana Sanajotti
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem o propósito de apresentar o desenvolvimento da vertente do extinto “Setor de Recuperação de Obras de Arte” do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) no estado de Minas Gerais, assim como apresentar a formação dos restauradores que nesse estado trabalharam chefiando localmente as obras de restauração propostas pela instituição sob orientação de Edson Motta, restaurador-chefe do setor. Para tanto, abarcaremos como se organizou e estruturou essa área durante os anos em que o restaurador-chefe esteve à sua frente (de 1946 a 1976), para discorrermos sobre como os desdobramentos da “Escola Edson Motta” de restauração podem ser observados dentro da “academia SPHAN” no segmento dos bens culturais móveis e integrados.
Nuvem de pontos do Museu Paulista da USP: workshop entre o DIAPReM (Universidade de Ferrara) e a FAU-USP
Authors: Kühl Beatriz Mugayar
Published: August 2019

Esta notícia apresenta atividades de cooperação entre o laboratório de pesquisa da Universidade de Ferrara – Development of Integrated Automatic Procedures for Restoration of Monuments (DIAPReM) – e a Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo (FAU-USP) sobre o Museu Paulista da USP. As atividades, realizadas na sede da própria FAUUSP, na Cidade Universitária, e no Museu Paulista da USP entre 29 de agosto e 8 de setembro de 2018, foram estruturadas em: reuniões de trabalho; apresentações voltadas ao público em geral; e seminário voltado à formação de equipe de estudantes da FAU-USP para trabalhar com a nuvem de pontos do Museu Paulista. A nuvem foi obtida a partir do escaneamento a laser em três dimensões de todo o edifício do museu, executado pelo DIAPReM, que permite obter a geometria precisa da construção e a morfologia de degradações. Todo o processo foi acompanhado de discussões de questões teóricas e metodológicas, análises críticas do processo de escaneamento, suas características, resultados, aplicações, limites e potencialidades.
A entrada da rede ferroviária no campo da preservação do patrimônio público nacional
Authors: Matos Lucina Ferreira
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho trata da preservação dos bens culturais das ferrovias brasileiras, tendo como objeto de reflexão iniciativas do governo federal implantadas no ano de 1980 e que perduraram até metade dos anos 1990. Trata-se do Programa de Preservação do Patrimônio Histórico dos Transportes (Preserve), que em 1986 foi assumido pela Rede Ferroviária Federal S. A. (RFFSA) com a criação do Setor de Preservação do Patrimônio Histórico Ferroviário (Preserfe), se estendendo e se reconfigurando até o ano de 1996. Por meio da estrutura e funcionamento de ambos os programas foi possível observar o percurso de valorização dos bens ferroviários de monumentos históricos a patrimônio cultural. A pesquisa contou com a leitura de trabalhos acadêmicos dedicados à análise da questão. Também contou com o estudo dos documentos oficiais dos dois programas, além da análise de processos de tombamento realizados pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) de modo a apresentar a dimensão, as contribuições e o impacto no campo da proteção dos bens nacionais. Observamos que os programas representaram a primeira ação sistêmica voltada para esta tipologia patrimonial, contribuindo para o avanço em termos conceituais e para as práticas existentes no país até aquele momento. Ademais, proporcionaram ao corpo técnico do Iphan, em paralelo a outras demandas da sociedade para com a preservação de bens públicos, um olhar diferenciado e a necessidade de revisões do atual modus operandi.
Site Variation and Outcomes for Antithrombotic Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Olivier Christoph B. , Fan Jun , Askari Mariam , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Heidenreich Paul A. , Perino Alexander C. , Leef George C. , Ho P. Michael , Harrington Robert A. , Turakhia Mintu P.
Published: August 2019

Background:

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) require multiple antithrombotic therapies. The optimal strategy is debated suggesting increased treatment variation. This study sought to characterize site-level variation in antithrombotic therapies in AF patients after PCI and determine the association with outcomes.

Methods:

Using the retrospective TREAT-AF study (The Retrospective Evaluation and Assessment of Therapies in AF) from the Veterans Health Administration, patients with newly diagnosed, nonvalvular AF between 2004 and 2015 followed by a PCI with a P2Y
12
-antagonist prescription were identified. Patients were grouped according to the therapy dispensed 7 days before until 30 days after the PCI: oral anticoagulation plus platelet inhibition (OAC+PI) or platelet inhibition only. A combined outcome of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or major bleeding was assessed 1 year after PCI and Cox regression was performed to estimate hazard ratios.

Results:

Of 230 762 patients with newly diagnosed AF, 4042 (1.8%) underwent PCI and received a P2Y
12
-antagonist during the observation period (age, 67±9 years; CHA
2
DS
2
-VASc, 2.7±1.7; HAS-BLED, 2.6±1.2). Among these, 47% were prescribed OAC+PI, and 53% platelet inhibition only 7 days before until 30 days after the PCI. Across 63 sites, the use of OAC+PI ranged from 19% to 66%. Prescription of OAC+PI was independently associated with a reduction in the combined outcome of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or major bleeding compared with platelet inhibition only (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73–0.99;
P
=0.033).

Conclusions:

In patients with established AF undergoing PCI, the use of OAC+PI varied substantially across sites in the 30 days post-PCI. Anticoagulation appeared to be underutilized but was associated with improved outcomes. Strategies to promote OAC+PI and minimize site variation may be useful, particularly in light of recent randomized trials.
Working Memory Capacity Is Negatively Associated with Memory Load Modulation of Alpha Oscillations in Retention of Verbal Working Memory
Authors: Hu Zhenhong , Barkley Christopher M. , Marino Susan E. , Wang Chao , Rajan Abhijit , Bo Ke , Samuel Immanuel Babu Henry , Ding Mingzhou
Published: August 2019

Working memory capacity (WMC) measures the amount of information that can be maintained online in the face of distraction. Past work has shown that the efficiency with which the frontostriatal circuit filters out task-irrelevant distracting information is positively correlated with WMC. Recent work has demonstrated a role of posterior alpha oscillations (8–13 Hz) in providing a sensory gating mechanism. We investigated the relationship between memory load modulation of alpha power and WMC in two verbal working memory experiments. In both experiments, we found that posterior alpha power increased with memory load during memory, in agreement with previous reports. Across individuals, the degree of alpha power modulation by memory load was negatively associated with WMC, namely, the higher the WMC, the less alpha power was modulated by memory load. After the administration of topiramate, a drug known to affect alpha oscillations and have a negative impact on working memory function, the negative correlation between memory load modulation of alpha power and WMC was no longer statistically significant but still somewhat detectable. These results suggest that (1) individuals with low WMC demonstrate stronger alpha power modulation by memory load, reflecting possibly an increased reliance on sensory gating to suppress task-irrelevant information in these individuals, in contrast to their high WMC counterparts who rely more on frontal areas to perform this function and (2) this negative association between memory load modulation of alpha oscillations and WMC is vulnerable to drug-related cognitive disruption.
The Sofia Ministerial Declaration on Black Sea Fisheries and Aquaculture
Authors: Ferri Nicola , Oral Nilüfer
Published: August 2019

The General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM), established in 1949 has always included Black Sea fisheries and in 1976 its constitutive agreement was amended to expressly include the Black Sea. A working group on the Black Sea (WGBS) established in 2011 was instrumental in adopting the first GFCM management measures for Black Sea fisheries. On 7 June 2018, the GFCM organized a High-Level Conference on Black Sea Fisheries and Aquaculture in Sofia which culminated with the signature of a ministerial declaration on Black Sea fisheries and aquaculture. This marked a milestone in the history of cooperation for fisheries among the Black Sea riparian countries.
Marcus Braun and “White Slavery”
Authors: Allerfeldt Kristofer
Published: August 2019

When the history of American abolitionist legislation is assessed—if it gets any consideration at all—the 1910 White Slave Act is often regarded as a flawed overreaction to a largely imagined, or at least exaggerated, problem. However, the law, usually known as the Mann Act, has arguably influenced US trafficking policy more than any other single law since the 13th Amendment. This article examines the career, ambitions and misfortunes of one of the leading figures behind the Act, the immigration investigator Marcus Braun, to show how the concept of slavery was manipulated. It also shows how the problem of trafficking evolved over the opening years of the twentieth century and how the legacy of the Mann Act has continued to affect American attitudes toward sex and morality and their ties to slavery ever since.