bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fenofibrate and Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis From ACCORD
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Vasques-Nóvoa Francisco , Ferrão Diana , Saraiva Francisca , Falcão-Pires Inês , Neves João Sérgio , Sharma Abhinav , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez , Leite-Moreira Adelino
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a high risk for developing heart failure (HF), which is associated with poor prognosis. Fenofibrate may reduce HF events through multiple mechanisms. We sought to study the effect of fenofibrate (vs. placebo) in HF outcomes among patients with T2D receiving simvastatin enrolled in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes lipid trial (ACCORD Lipid).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used Cox regression analysis with background glucose-lowering strategy as the stratification variable. The median follow-up was 4.7 years.

RESULTS

A total of 5,518 patients were included. Median age was 62 years, and 31% were women. Prior HF history was present in 5% of the patients. The composite outcome of HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death occurred in 190 (6.9%) patients in the fenofibrate group vs. 228 (8.3%) in the placebo group: HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–1.00 (P = 0.048). The beneficial effect of fenofibrate to reduce HF hospitalizations or cardiovascular death was present among patients receiving standard glucose-lowering strategy, HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.48–0.85, and not among patients receiving intensive glucose-lowering strategy, HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.79–1.33 (Pinteraction = 0.017). A similar pattern was observed for HF hospitalizations alone. The effect of fenofibrate on blood lipids was not influenced by background glucose-lowering therapy in a clinically important manner. Fenofibrate caused more transient worsening estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) events but slowed long-term eGFR decline.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with T2D treated with simvastatin, fenofibrate reduced the composite of HF hospitalizations or cardiovascular mortality, an effect that was seen predominantly in patients with standard background glucose-lowering therapy.
Incidence and Characteristics of Remission of Type 2 Diabetes in England: A Cohort Study Using the National Diabetes Audit
Authors: Holman Naomi , Wild Sarah H. , Khunti Kamlesh , Knighton Peter , O’Keefe Jackie , Bakhai Chirag , Young Bob , Sattar Naveed , Valabhji Jonathan , Gregg Edward W.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

To assess the incidence of remission of type 2 diabetes in routine care settings.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

People with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol [6.5%] or <48 mmol/mol [6.5%] with a prescription for glucose-lowering medications) alive on 1 April 2018 were identified from a national collation of health records in England and followed until 31 December 2019. Remission was defined as two HbA1c measurements of <48 mmol/mol (6.5%) at least 182 days apart, with no prescription for glucose-lowering medications 90 days before these measurements.

RESULTS

In 2,297,700 people with type 2 diabetes, the overall incidence of remission per 1,000 person-years was 9.7 (95% CI 9.6–9.8) and 44.9 (95% CI 44.0–45.7) in 75,610 (3.3%) people who were diagnosed <1 year. In addition to shorter duration of diagnosis, baseline factors associated with higher odds of remission were no prescription for glucose-lowering medication, lower HbA1c and BMI, BMI reduction, White ethnicity, female sex, and lower socioeconomic deprivation. Among 8,940 (0.4%) with characteristics associated with remission (diagnosed <2 years, HbA1c <53 mmol/mol [7.0%], prescribed metformin alone or no glucose-lowering medications, BMI reduction of ≥10%), incidence of remission per 1,000 person-years was 83.2 (95% CI 78.7–87.9).

CONCLUSIONS

Remission of type 2 diabetes was generally infrequent in routine care settings but may be a reasonable goal for a subset of people who lose a significant amount of weight shortly after diagnosis. Policies that encourage intentional remission of type 2 diabetes should seek to reduce the ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities identified.
USE OF CLAY SORPTIVE MATERIALS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYMER MATERIALS
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Kryklyvyi Rostyslav , Sakalova Halyna ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Petrushka Kateryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Luchyt Liubov ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2022

The paper suggests the solution to the urgent problem of increasing the level of environmental safety of industrial wastewater treatment from heavy metal using natural and modified bentonite.The use of spent bentonite in the processes of filling polymers is investigated. The aim of the research was to study the influence of fillers on the crosslinking course and functional properties of vulcanized elastomeric mixtures. Test research compositions included chloroprene rubber and chlorosulfonated polyethylene. Nanofillers were used as a strengthening substance. Montmorillonite and spent montmorillonite saturated with copper ions were used as nanofiller.
THE PROBLEM OF EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRANSPORT (ILLUSTRATED BY THE CASE OF ODESSA INDUSTRIAL-AND-URBAN AGGLOMERATION)
Authors:   Odessa State Environmental University, Mykhailenko Vladyslav , Safranov Tamerlan ,   Odessa State Environmental University
Published: March 2022

One of the main environmental polluters, especially in large cities of Ukraine, is road transport. In particular, road transport is one of the main sources of persistent organic pollutants in the environment. Therefore, monitoring of air pollution by road transport is one of the most relevant questions in Ukraine, especially considering its intentions to join the European Union. Analysis of the regulatory and legislative frameworks of Ukraine shows that, unfortunately, today, there are no regulatory documents that motivate to reduce the load of mobile sources, including road transport, on the environment. Moreover, even though the only methodology for calculating pollutant emissions from mobile sources expired in 2015, no new methodology has been developed yet. This paper calculates the masses of pollutants formed during the combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel, and proves the necessity to take into consideration persistent organic pollutants when assessing the toxicity of exhaust fumes, considering their cumulative effect and half-life. The calculation was performed according to European and national (Ukrainian) methodologies, which are supplemented by the calculation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) formation. Using the relative hazard factor, the relative masses of these substances are calculated, the obtained masses of all components of the exhaust fumes are ranked, the contribution of each component to the toxicity of emissions is revealed. Using emission factors, the specific emissions of these persistent organic pollutants during the combustion of diesel fuel, gasoline, liquefied and compressed gases are calculated. By the results, the types of organic fuels with the highest priority for use by mobile sources are identified.
STUDIES OF THE FORTIFICATIONS OF THE TOWN OF KAMIANKA (DNISTROVA) ACCORDING TO THE lesser-KNOWN MAP OF THE PODILIS PROVINCE OF 1844 BY A. FITINGOFF
Authors: Riazanova Nataliia , Lytvynchuk Illia , Rybchynskyy Oleh
Published: March 2022

The authors for the first time put into scientific circulation an unique source of historical cartography - a military topographic map of the Podillia province in 1841-1847 by Major General A. Fittinghof (from the corps of military topographers of the Russian Empire). The map is unique source in that it reflects the condition of many Podilian settlements before the regulation and reconstruction of the 19th-20th centuries, which distorted the historical buildings, captures the relics of fortifications in towns and castles. The scale of the map is 200 soot. gives for us good opportunity to study in detail the historical planning of many fortified cities in Podillya, in particular those that are not reflected in other well-known cartographic sources. For such small trading towns as Kamianka (formerly Bratslav Palatinatum), only the Fitinghof’s map can serve as a basis for hypothetical reconstructions. The authors note that due to the loss of Kamyanka urban status in the 18th century and its subsequent restoration in the 19th century, as in 1844 (the date of the sheet of map with Kamyanka) historical buildings of Kamyanka 16th-17th centuries had been partially lost. Instead, it is possible to hypothetically restore the outline of the city fortifications, to identify the gates and main roads and the location of the castle. It is assumed that the castle was located separately behind the historic fortified middletown and connected with it through a gate and a short road, which in the 19th century was named "Candle Street". The reason of the loss of part of the historic middletown with the fortification the use by residents of Kamianka and surrounding villages of the road to the fords across the Dniester to the Moldavian coast, which was not controlled by customs and outposts. Rashkivska Street appeared along this road, around which the Jewish shtetl began to be actively built and a new structure of the town center was formed. The identification of the city fortifications was made based on a fragment of the city wall and a brick bridge across the existing moat depicted on the map of 1844.
Logical Polis. The Philosophical Foundation of Democracy According to B. Spinoza
Authors: Tippelt Hynek
Published: March 2022

Benedict Spinoza, the seventeenth-century rationalist philosopher, is, according to some authors, the first theorist to offer serious philosophical arguments justifying the idea of democracy as the best (and most natural) political system. Spinoza’s political philosophy is, therefore, one of the first to be examined in today’s political situation, which is often characterized by the phrase “crisis of (liberal) democracy”. This study attempts to capture the philosophical arguments used by Spinoza to support his pro-democratic conclusions, detects his initial assumptions, and illuminates what specifically should characterize a democratic regime in his imagination. Among the primary sources used for this purpose are both those writings of Spinoza that are traditionally understood as political-philosophical (Theologico-Political Treatise and Political Treatise) and Spinoza’s most famous work (Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order). Although the latter may appear distant from the issue at hand, some of the most strongly formulated relevant positions are found in it. The intention of the present study is twofold: first, to demonstrate on the example of Spinoza’s thought how inextricably the preference for a democratic regime is linked to certain philosophical premises, not only ethical and axiological but also gnoseological and ontological ones; and more importantly, second, to formulate a hypothetical answer that Spinoza would have given to the question of the crisis of democracy and the possibilities of its solution.
Effect of low concentrations of para-aminobenzoic acid on viability of broad whitefish Coregonus nasus (Pallas, 1776) at early stages of ontogeny
Authors: Kotov Il'ya , Pak Irina Vladimirovna , Sergienko Lyudmila Leonidovna , Trofimov Oleg Vladimirovich
Published: March 2022

The research aims to study the capability of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to impact the resiliency of
a valuable species of cisco fishes – broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus (Pallas, 1776)) – at the early stages of devel-opment. Immediately upon fertilization the fish roe was treated with PABA solutions in low concentrations of 0,01; 0,005; 0,001; 0,0005; 0,0001; 0,00005; 0,00001% during 2 and 4 hours. The control group was not treated with PABA. The study revealed an increase in sack fry output in all experimental variations. The best indications were registered in variations with 0.00005% PABA solution that produced the sac fry output 23.3% higher than an indication in the control group. The subsequent breeding of alevins during 34 days period also confirmed the positive impact of PABA. The treatment of fertilized roe with PABA solution in concentration of 0.00005% increases the alevin survivability by 5.9%, the alevin average weight increases by 5.1 mg. in comparison with the control group. The best results in fry breeding were acquired in the experimental variation with 0.0001% PABA solution: the alevin survivability was by 15.6% higher than in the control group; an average weight of tested alevins exceeded an average weight of alevins in the control group by 8.6 mg. Cytogenetic analysis showed that the treatment of roe with PABA decreases the rates of chromosomal distortions of broad whitefish by 1.5-2 times in comparison with the control group on the gastrula stage. These results demonstrate the ability of PABA to increase both the survivability and the growth speed of broad whitefish on its early stages of ontogenesis, which can be used in raising the efficiency of industrial fish reproduction.
Force performance of trawl system – IV: mathematical modeling (part II)
Authors: Nedostup Alexander Alekseevich , Razhev Alexey Olegovich , Nasenkov Pavel , Konovalova Karina , Bykov Alexey Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2022

The rope-net tools of commercial fishing are mostly engineering structures that change their shape during operation. So, when changing the towing speed of a mid-water trawl, a redistribution of forces occurs, created by the equipment and the trawl shell, which leads at low speeds to an increase in the opening area of the mouth of the trawl, and at high speeds to a decrease in the area. Accordingly, the greater the hydrodynamic resistance of the rope-net part of the trawl, the greater the forces that pull together its rope-net part, and vice versa. Force is a value that is a measure of the impact on the mid-water trawl by other elements of the trawl system (TS) and the environment external to the TS. The application of force causes a change in the speed of the mid-water trawl and the appearance of deformations and mechanical stresses in steel ropes (SC) (warps, legs of trawl boards, cables, bare ends, rebounds) and rope-net products (RNP) (rope ties, elements of net plates). Deformation can occur both in the vehicle itself and in the elements fixing it. Then the trawling performance indicator, which determines the characteristics of the fishing activity of the vessel, is the ratio of the output of the product to the resources spent on it. The article deals with the problem of elongation of ideally flexible SC and RNP. It should be noted that when elongated, their length and diameter change and, accordingly, the hydrodynamic drag coefficient of the rope-net shell of the trawl changes, and the wear of products also increases. The authors obtained equations for ideally flexible SC and RNP, which relate the structural, geometric and power characteristics, provided that the volume of steel ropes and rope-net products does not change, and expressions for determining the relative deformations in the longitudinal and cross sections of steel ropes and rope-net products at their stretching.
Nutrition of perch (Percidae) in small lake in Lake Onega basin
Authors: Georgiev Andrey Pavlovich , Padchina Anna Grigorievna
Published: March 2022

The article s focuses on studying the fish nutrition, which is one of the ways to identify the patterns of fish onto- and phylogenesis, as well as the patterns of fish abundance and using food resources in the water bodies. Nutrition determines the key physiological and biochemical reactions in the fish body in a qualitative and quantitative sense, which finally affects the growth of both individual organisms and the entire population. The results of these studies are of practical importance in the work of fish protection authorities. Information about the fish feeding in the small water bodies of Lake Onega basin is practically absent in the literature. There are presented the results of the studies carried out within the framework of forecasting and economic and contractual issues of the Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (NWPI KarRC RAS) and Petrozavodsk State University (PetrSU) on assessing the nutrition of perch species (perch, ruff) in the lakes of the Konchezero group (South Karelia) - the lower reaches of the river Shuya belonging to the catchment area of Lake Onega. The work was carried out by the specialists of the NWPI KarRC RAS in 2018–2020. The main hydrological and ichthyological indicators of Lake Urozero have been studied. It is found that in the diet of perch in Lake Urosero there appear larvae Chironomidae, Ephemeroptera and aerial insects, and the latter having the maximum index of relative importance. The diet of ruff caught in Lake Urozero differs widely: along with benthic organisms fish eggs were also present. Ruff’s nutrition is more abundant: the index of filling its stomach averages 225.3 0/000 against 51.2 0/000 in perch. Perch longer than 13 cm is a typical ichthyophag in Lake Urosero. It is typical for the Karelian lakes that the transition of perch to predation is ob-served when reaching the size (on average) 15 cm.
Experience in reproduction and cultivation of pike (Esox lucius) stocking material in industrial environments of fish farms of Kazakhstan
Authors: Badryzlova Nina Sergeevna , Anuarbekov Symbat Mukhametbekuly , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Mazhibaeva Zhanara Omirbekovna , Dolgopolova Svetlana Yuryevna
Published: March 2022

Importance of the industrial aquaculture development in Kazakhstan is evident nowadays due to a sharp decline in the commercial fish stocks. Pike is of special interest, as it is considered a target of aquaculture cultivation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Pike is reproduced and cultivated in industrial environments of fish farms of Kazakhstan for the first time. According to the conducted researches, a scheme of technological processes for reproduction and cultivation of the pike has been developed in the industrial environments of Bukhtarma Spawning and Breeding Farm, LLP. The scheme included catching pike producers, adaptation in hatchery tanks, valuation of quality of pike breeders and separation by gender, stimulation of spawning pikes by pituitary injections; getting sexual products through the industrial method; degumming of eggs in the Weiss incubators using starch emulsion, incubation of pike eggs in the incubators of Amur type. Pike juveniles have been reared in the fish-breeding tanks (basins and Amur incubators). In 20 days of rearing pike juveniles reached the average weight of 120 mg. Growing the pike stocking material was performed in tanks (recirculation aquaculture systems). In 90 days yearlings reached the average weight of 19.5 g due to the artificial feed. The conducted researches describe the fundamental possibility to reproduce and cultivate pike stocking material artificially in the industrial environments of the fish farms of Kazakhstan. Theoretical and practical grounds were given to fish farmers to apply biotechnical methods to reproduce and cultivate the pike. The research results obtained will be used as the ground to make recommendations for artificial reproduction and cultivation of the pike stocking material in the current natural, climatic and economic conditions of Kazakhstan.
Drehstrom" – Rotating Current (On the 160th Anniversary Since the Birth of M.O. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky)
Authors:   LLC «Engineering Center «Ruselprom», BORODIN Dmitry A.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the beginning of the activity of Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky. The end of the 1880s is characterized by the rapid development of alternating current technologies. The works of G. Ferraris, C.S. Bradley, N. Tesla, J. Venstrom, F.A. Heselvander and other electrical engineers significantly advanced the theory and practical use of alternating current. Nevertheless, the level of development of new electrical devices was still low, which hindered their widespread use. Within a relatively short period of time from 1888 to1891, Dolivo-Dobrovolsky developed a practically suitable electrical system based on three-phase currents. Mikhail Osipovich developed a simple, reliable three-phase induction motor with excellent electromechanical characteristics and together with it the entire chain of three-phase devices for generating, transporting and distributing electricity: three-phase transformers, generators, and power lines. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky's ideas were brilliantly embodied in the 170-km long Laufen–Frankfurt power transmission, which became a vivid example for electrical engineers around the world and an impetus for further widespread use of three-phase current.
Editorial Paper: Lingkup Penelitian Dalam Arsitektur Digital
Authors: Purwanto L.M.F.
Published: March 2022

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THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON OIL-PRODUCING ECONOMIES: A CONSIDERATION OF NIGERIAN AND ‎SAUDI ARABIAN VAT INCREASES
Authors: AHMADANI Abdulaziz , MIDDELBERG Susanna Levina , OBERHOLZER Merwe , BUYS Pieter
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is a multi-faceted crisis with global impact. Its impact on many economies, including those dependant on oil producing and exporting, may compel such governments to make far-reaching policy decisions. In this context, we briefly consider the economic considerations on two major global oil producers, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia, as they also struggle to come to grips with their own broader economic reforms – announced before and during the pandemic. Specifically, under consideration is the increase in both countries’ VAT rates at (perhaps) inopportune times. We argue that the burden of the VAT increase on businesses fighting for survival amidst outfall of the COVID-19 crisis will be counter-productive in attaining economic reform objectives.
JEL Classification Codes: G01, H21, H61
PRONAF gaúcho
Authors: Söthe Ari , Writzl Darlan Nei , Visentini Monize Sâmara
Published: March 2022

O PRONAF é a principal política pública voltada à agricultura familiar no Brasil, sendo importante avaliá-la periodicamente, a fim de verificar sua eficácia. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição dos recursos do PRONAF nos municípios gaúchos, considerando indicadores socioeconômicos e características do meio rural. Foram investigados 222 municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, selecionados aleatoriamente. A análise dos dados se deu por meio de estatística descritiva, teste ANOVA e Teste t para amostras independentes. Os principais resultados apontam que o PRONAF contribui para a permanência dos agricultores no campo e destaca-se como uma fonte importante de recursos para a atividade leiteira, cultivo de lavouras temporárias e permanentes e implantação de agroindústrias, contribuindo no desenvolvimento econômico dos municípios.
Palavras-chave: Agricultura Familiar. Políticas públicas. Recursos.
Patrones narrativos
Authors: Arriaga Benítez Juan Manuel
Published: March 2022

Los patrones narrativos son fórmulas con las que una trama se moldea para generar una respuesta emocional en el espectador. En el presente trabajo se estudian dos patrones bien definidos que se han encontrado en ciertas estructuras fílmicas y televisivas, por lo que el objetivo de este artículo es destacar sus características, sus efectos y las ventajas de su uso. Para ello se recurre a un análisis cualitativo que, mediante una metodología crítico-reflexiva, permita estudiar a cabalidad este fenómeno; igualmente, el diseño del estudio está centrado en dos pares de ejemplos ordenados según cada patrón narrativo investigado y de acuerdo con una matriz de ejes que haga comprables tanto las películas como las series seleccionadas. Entre las aportaciones principales que se realizan en este trabajo están la intención de mejorar el entendimiento de las estructuras narrativas, el fomento académico para la elaboración de productos audiovisuales de mejor calidad y la inclusión de propuestas narrativas que muchas veces pasan desapercibidas, sobre todo aquellas que constituyen antecedentes literarios. Se concluye que los patrones narrativos son fórmulas que cumplen una función emocional basada en la alternancia de eventos afortunados y desafortunados en la trama que ocurren a los personajes; también se infiere que la empatía, el apego emocional y las expectativas cambiantes son móviles generados por los patrones narrativos que atraen la atención del espectador y lo enganchan a la trama.
Political participation in transition: Internet memes as a form of political expression in social media
Authors: Johann Michael
Published: March 2022

Internet memes have become a popular format for expressing individual political opinions in social media. Based on a quantitative online survey of political Internet meme users from fringe web communities and sharing platforms (n = 482), this study examines the factors related to political expression in Internet memes. The analysis reveals that political Internet meme usage depends on users’ political interest and the intensity of social media prosumption. Political Internet meme usage is also positively related to users’ motivations for political engagement and internal political efficacy. Moreover, the use of Internet memes for the expression of political opinions is related to users’ online and offline political participation. This study represents the first empirical exploration of users who create and share political Internet memes. The results contribute to the body of knowledge on changing and elusive participatory practices in social media and shift the focus from general social media usage to a specific type of content.
How satisfactory is on-demand icatibant from the patients' perspective in real life?
Authors: Beyaz Sengul , Demir Semra , Oztop Nida , Colakoglu Bahauddin , Buyukozturk Suna , Gelincik Asli
Published: March 2022

Background: Patients' satisfaction is important for the success of the management of chronic diseases. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the satisfaction level of the patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) for icatibant treatment. Methods:
Patients with HAE C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) were evaluated by using a questionnaire that included details of their icatibant-treated attacks. Patients' demographic and clinical features were collected from their medical records and personal attack diaries. The visual analog scale
was used for determining the attack severity. Results: Of the total 161 patients with HAE C1-INH, 91% had HAE type I and were included in the study. Patients reported a median (interquartile range [IQR]) attacks of 2 (0.5‐3) per month and 16 (4.5‐36) attacks
per year. The median (IQR) frequency of attacks treated with icatibant was 6 (0‐20) per year. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) duration of treatment with icatibant was 3 ± 2.3 years. The self-administration rate was 91.3%. The mean ± SD time to administration
and time to onset of symptom resolution were 1.6 ± 1.1 hours and 1.7 ± 1.3 hours, respectively. There was a correlation between the time to administration and time to onset of symptom resolution (r = 0.566; p < 0.0001). A total of 125 patients (77%) reported that they were
very satisfied or satisfied with icatibant. No correlation was observed between the satisfaction level and the attack sites; however, the patients with more severe attacks were more satisfied with icatibant (p < 0.0001). A total of 52 patients reported 74 mild local reactions. Systemic
reactions were not observed. Conclusion: The current real-life study showed that icatibant was safe and effective. Moreover, the patients' satisfaction level with icatibant was high. We believe that the availability of icatibant should be encouraged during HAE attacks because
it enables patients to be more involved in their disease management.
Treatment strategies for postviral olfactory dysfunction: A systematic review
Authors: Helman Samuel N. , Adler Jonah , Jafari Aria , Bennett Sasha , Vuncannon Jackson R. , Cozart Ashley C. , Wise Sarah K. , Kuruvilla Merin E. , Levy Joshua M.
Published: March 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been associated with a dramatic increase in postviral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) among patients who are infected. A contemporary evidence-based review of current treatment options for PVOD is both timely and
relevant to improve patient care. Objective: This review seeks to impact patient care by qualitatively reviewing available evidence in support of medical and procedural treatment options for PVOD. Systematic evaluation of data quality and of the level of evidence was completed
to generate current treatment recommendations. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify primary studies that evaluated treatment outcomes for PVOD. A number of medical literature data bases were queried from January 1998 to May 2020, with completion of subsequent
reference searches of retrieved articles to identify all relevant studies. Validated tools for the assessment of bias among both interventional and observational studies were used to complete quality assessment. The summary level of evidence and associated outcomes were used to generate treatment
recommendations. Results: Twenty-two publications were identified for qualitative review. Outcomes of alpha-lipoic acid, intranasal and systemic corticosteroids, minocycline, zinc sulfate, vitamin A, sodium citrate, caroverine, intranasal insulin, theophylline, and Gingko
biloba are reported. In addition, outcomes of traditional Chinese acupuncture and olfactory training are reviewed. Conclusion: Several medical and procedural treatments may expedite the return of olfactory function after PVOD. Current evidence supports olfactory training
as a first-line intervention. Additional study is required to define specific treatment recommendations and expected outcomes for PVOD in the setting of COVID-19.
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF INVASIVE DUCTAL BREAST CANCER
Authors: Volos Liliya , Datsyuk Yuriy , Dudash Andrii
Published: March 2022

Aim. Establishing the surface characteristics of ductal breast cancer of different degree of differentiation and different histological structure of the invasive component in scanning electron microscopy. Material and Methods. The results of the study of invasive ductal breast cancer using light and scanning electron microscopy were analyzed. The degree of malignancy was determined according to a modified scheme of P. Scarff, H. Bloom and W. Richardson. Electron microscopic features of the cell surface of invasive ductal breast cancer during this study were compared in each case with its histological structure and degree of malignancy G. Results and Discussion. Histologically, tubular, trabecular, solid, alveolar structures and discrete (single) groups of tumor cells were diagnosed in the infiltrative component of invasive ductal breast carcinoma. In terms of the surface configuration of tumor cells, we have identified three cell variants. The first variant was characterized by the presence in most tumor cells numerous asymmetric microvilli with diffuse or focal distribution on the cell surface and was prevailed in the tubular structures of the infiltrative component of ductal breast carcinoma of G1 grade (p<0,05). The second variant of the surface configuration was characterized by a small number of asymmetric microvilli scattered throughout the cell surface and was diagnosed in a solid and trabecular invasive component of malignancies G2 and G3 grades. The third variant was characterized by the absence of microvilli on the surface in most tumor cells and was prevailed in the alveolar structures of the invasive component of G2 and G3 grades. It was found that the decrease in the grade of histological differentiation of invasive ductal breast cancer is associated with a decrease or absence of asymmetric microvilli on the cell surface. Tumors classified as G2 showed a wide range of surface configurations of cancer cells; in 75% [27,96-99,89] of cases G3 carcinoma was characterized by the absence of microvilli on the surface in most tumor cells, i.e., there was a III variant surface configuration of cells. Conclusions. Scanning electron microscopy makes it possible to provide information in a nanometer scale about the surface features of tumor cells, and the identification of phenotype features between tumor cells can be prognostically important in the course of breast cancer.
MEDICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE FOR THE POPULATION
Authors: Lyubinets Oleg , Milashovska Victoria
Published: March 2022

Aim. To analyze the medical and demographic situation in Ukraine and Transcarpathian Region (Zakarpatska oblast) as a platform for comparing the changes that have taken place in the country as a whole and its region and the basis for the strategic planning of medical care.

Materials and Methods. The research materials were based on data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for the period from 2018 to 2020. The study used the following methods for statistical processing of materials: demographic one, medical statistics, statistical comparison, and generalization.

Results and Discussion. The analysis of data on the medical and demographic situation in Ukraine as a whole and in Transcarpathian Region alone showed a significant difference in the dynamics of the population change, its residence place, age, birth and death rates. Based on the results obtained, the development of a strategic plan for medical care necessitates addressing issues that are somehow related to the problems of demographic movement, birth rate, mortality, living conditions in order to overcome the negative trends in medical and demographic processes as well as to increase life expectancy in general. The data obtained during the study indicate the importance of using regional approaches in addressing afore-mentioned issues.

Conclusions. Assessing the data of the medical and demographic situation is the key to creating an effective strategic plan for the organization of medical care and making progress in improving community health.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS FOR THE PAST DECADE
Authors: Zub Valeriy
Published: March 2022

Aim. The paper aims at analyzing the state of cancer epidemiology in Ukraine for the past decade specifying the age, gender, territorial and nosological peculiarities.

Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the data analysis of the National cancer register of Ukraine for the 10-year period: starting from 2010 till 2019 years. The research was directed at studying and analyzing morbidity and mortality levels caused by malignant neoplasms, as well as age, gender, territorial and nosological peculiarities and the prevalence of nosological forms. Applied statistical methods include the analysis of the average and relative values, the calculation of indices of time series: growth rate and absolute growth, structural-and-logical analysis and systemic approach.

Results and Discussion. The study has found that during the analyzed period of 2010-2019 years, the morbidity from malignant neoplasm in Ukraine increased, while the mortality level caused by oncologic pathology decreased. The morbidity and mortality among male population was higher in comparison with the female individuals. Over 50% of patients with firstly diagnosed "Malignant neoplasm" were identified in the early stages, but the share of detected patients with neglected form of oncologic pathology was increasing every year. One-year survival among the general population of patients with malignant neoplasms accounted 66,4-72,9%. The highest rates of morbidity have been fixed among male and female population, aged 70-79 years, while the highest death rate - among older individuals, 75-84 years of age. It has been defined that the age of 30-64 years wass characterized by high levels of morbidity and mortality rates in every sequential five-year group in comparison with the previous one. The hematological oncologic diseases were dominant in the structure of morbidity and mortality in young children and teenagers under 17 years. For the age category of 30-74 years, in female population the most common was breast cancer, in males - the cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lungs. For the analyzed period, Kirovograd Region occupies a leading position by morbidity level, while the Zaporizhzhia, Kirovograd and Dnipro Regions - are leaders in the mortality rate from malignant neoplasms.

Conclusions. The analytical study of the oncologic and epidemiologic situation is an integral part in the development of an optimized system of oncologic care for Ukrainian population as it allowed to determine the age-gender and territorial groups, which require priory administrative attention concerning diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in oncology.
ANALISIS PERLINDUNGAN AHLI WARIS MEREK SETIA HATI TERATE BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG MEREK
Authors: Lestari Suci , Bustani Simona
Published: March 2022

Perlindungan hukum bagi ahli waris merek SETIA HATI TERATE terdaftar berdasarkan UU No. 20 Tahun 2016 Tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis, memberikan gambaran kesesuaian pada putusan Hakim MA No. 40K/Pdt.Sus.HKI/2021 dengan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2016 Tetang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis. Kasus permohonan pembatalan merek terhadap merek yang di pegang oleh ahli waris merek tersebut. Maka, permasalah dalam penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pada dasarnya perlindungan hukum bagi ahli waris pemegang hak merek merupakan bagian dari tujuan hukum itu sendiri. Pembahasan penelitian menujuk bahwa perlindungan hukum atas pemegang hak merek ialah bagian dari tujuan hukum itu sendiri. Tipe penelitian normatif dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Bawah menurut pendapat beberapa ahli yang mengemukakan bahwasannya yang menjadi tujuan hukum untuk melindungi kepentingan masyarakat, dan juga menafsirkan bahwa tujuan hukum untuk mengatur tata tertib dalam masyarakat, dan lainnya. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bentuk dari bagaimana perlindungan hukum itu sendiri terhadap ahli waris pemegang hak atas merek berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis.
TINDAKAN USNS IMPECCABLE DALAM MELAKUKAN KEGIATAN DI 75 MIL SELATAN PULAU HAINAN
Authors: Nur’Aini Maya Ajeng , Budianto Anto Ismu
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ilmiah kelautan dalam arti luas tersebut mencakup semua jenis pengumpulan data yang dilakukan di laut seperti oseanografi, biologi kelautan, dan hidrografi. Penelitian ilmiah kelautan dilakukan dengan persetujuan negara pantai dan dilakukan untuk tujuan damai. Permasalahan yang diangkat adalah apakah tindakan kapal USNS yang melakukan penelitian ilmiah kelautan di 75 mil selatan pulau Hainan China melanggar KHL 1982 dan apakah tindakan kapal USNS dapat dibuktikan sebagai aktivitas militer yaitu pengintaian di pangkalan laut Yulin berdasarkan KHL 1982. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian normatif, sifat penelitian deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kapal USNS Impeccable dalam aktivitasnya melanggar KHL 1982. Kapal USNS Impeccable melakukan aktivitasnya di 75 mil pulau Hainan China yang merupakan ZEE yang di klaim oleh China. Kapal USNS Impeccable tidak melakukan pemberitahuan terlebih dahulu atas aktivitasnya sebagai mana diatur dalam Pasal 58 KHL 1982 serta aktivitasnya tersebut dapat dibuktikan sebagai aktivitas militer karena mengancam kedaulatan China dalam aktivitasnya juga terindikasi melakukan pengintaian pangkalan laut Yulin yang melanggar pasal 301 KHL 1982.
DITOLAKNYA GUGATAN PERCERAIAN KARENA TIDAK ADANYA SURAT IZIN PERCERAIAN PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL
Authors: Utami Amelia Chandra , Setyaningsih Setyaningsih
Published: March 2022

Pasal 1 Pasal 1 Undang-Undang Tahun 1974 mengatur mengenai kesakralan sebuah perkawinan dan ikatan seumur hidup antar keduanya, Pasal 38 UUP menjelasakan bahwa perkawinan dapat putus karena perceraian dan putusan pengadilan. Tidak semua permohonan perceraian dikabulkan oleh pengadilan, pada Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Sidoarjo 158/Pdt.G/ 2020/PN.Sda Hakim menolak putusnya perkawinan Antara kedua dokter yang berstatus sebagai PNS karena tidak adanya surat izin perceraian dari atasan yang seharusnya juga di lampirkan dalam alat bukti surat. Pokok permasalahan yang diangkat adalah 1) Apakah tidak adanya surat izin perceraian dari atasan merupakan alasan putusnya perkawinan tersebut, 2) Apakah pertimbangan hakim dalam menolak putusnya perkawinan antara dr.SpOG(K) dengan dr.yz tersebut.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK CIPTA MELALUI REGULASI TOKOPEDIA DALAM PENJUALAN BUKU BAJAKAN SUPERNOVA
Authors: Dhityaenggarwangi Chantry , Purnamasari Dian
Published: March 2022

Buku merupakan objek yang dilindungi oleh hak cipta berdasarkan Pasal 40 UU Hak Cipta. Akan tetapi, masih ada pihak yang menjual buku bajakan Supernova karya Dee Lestari di Tokopedia. Tokopedia merupakan platform berbentuk marketplace, dimana penjual dan pembeli bertransaksi jual beli secara online. Tokopedia mempunyai regulasi yang mengatur mengenai jenis barang apa saja yang tidak boleh diperjualbelikan. Artikel ini mengangkat permasalahan mengenai bentuk pelanggaran dalam penjualan buku bajakan Supernova di marketplace Tokopedia dan perlindungan hak cipta terhadap penjualan buku bajakan Supernova melalui Regulasi Tokopedia. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan data sekunder dan didukung data primer. Sifat penelitian bersifat deskriptif dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan penalaran deduktif. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini adalah adanya bentuk pelanggaran hak ekonomi, yaitu penggandaan serta pendistribusian secara tidak sah tanpa izin pencipta atau pemegang hak cipta dalam penjualan buku bajakan Supernova di Tokopedia. Selain itu, Tokopedia mempunyai regulasi yang memberikan perlindungan hak cipta dalam marketplace Tokopedia, namun belum maksimal sehingga masih ditemukan penjualan buku bajakan Supernova di Tokopedia.
PENGAMBILALIHAN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN MENURUT UU ANTIMONOPOLI (PERBANDINGAN HUKUM INDONESIA DENGAN KOREA SELATAN)
Authors: Angelina Nadya , Maria Tri Anggraini Anna
Published: March 2022

Hukum persaingan usaha mengatur kewajiban pelaporan pengambilalihan saham perusahaan dengan persyaratan tertentu. Namun demikian masing-masing negara mengatur persyaratan pelaporan dengan sistem yang berbeda, demikian pula Indonesia dan Korea Selatan. Perbedaan ini yang melatarbelakangi masalah tentang bagaimana pengaturan penyampaian laporan pengambilalihan saham menurut UU No. 5 tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat dan Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act di Korea Selatan, serta perbedaan penerapan keterlambatan pelaporan dalam pengambilalihan di Indonesia dan Korea Selatan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang kemudian akan dianalisa menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan penarikan kesimpulan secara deduktif. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa penyampaian laporan pengambilalihan saham di Indonesia diatur dalam Pasal 29 UU Antimonopoli jo. Pasal 5 PP No. 57 tahun 2010 dan Korea Selatan dalam Pasal 12 MRFTA. Kedua negara tersebut menggunakan sistem pelaporan post notifikasi, namun Korea Selatan menetapkan pra-notifikasi yang wajib dilakukan dengan batasan tertentu. Adapun sanksi keterlambatan pelaporan di Korea Selatan relatif lebih kecil, yaitu ₩100.000.000,00, sedangkan denda keterlambatan di Indonesia dengan perhitungan harian  hingga maksimal Rp25.000.000.000,-.
PENDAFTARAN PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH KARENA JUAL BELI YANG DIBUAT DIBAWAH TANGAN (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NO. 116/PDT.G/2019/BKN)
Authors: Putri Mutiara Sari Rurrie , Keumala Dinda
Published: March 2022

Peralihan hak atas tanah dalam jual beli harus dilakukan dihadapan pejabat yang berwenang (PPAT) dengan dibuat Akta Jual Beli sebagai bukti untuk proses peralihan hak atas tanah (balik nama) di Kantor Pertanahan. Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah keabsahan peralihan hak atas tanah karena jual beli tanah yang dibuat di bawah tangan? Apakah yang harus dilakukan pembeli untuk melakukan pendaftaran peralihan hak atas tanah yang dibuat dibawah tangan berdasarkan Putusan No. 116/Pdt.G/2019/Bkn? Tipe penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Teknik pengumpulan data sekunder diperoleh dengan melalui studi kepustakaan (Library Research). Sifat penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif analitis. Penelitian ini dianalisis secara kualitatif. Metode penarikan kesimpulan dengan metode logika deduktif. Hasil penelitian ini khususnya dalam perkara Putusan No.116/Pdt.G/2019/Bkn Bangkinang bahwa jual beli tanah di bawah tangan tersebut adalah sah karena telah memenuhi syarat materiil dalam jual beli, akan tetapi belum memenuhi syarat formil karena jual beli yang dilakukan hanya dengan surat dibawah tangan, belum dibuat Akta Jual Beli dihadapan PPAT. Perlindungan bagi Pembeli beritikad baik yang ingin melakukan balik nama sertpikat, maka ditempuh melalui gugatan di Pengadilan ketika keberadaan Penjual sudah tidak dapat diketahui lagi.
PERBANDINGAN KEPEMILIKAN SRS DENGAN APARTEMEN UNTUK ORANG ASING DI INDONESIA DAN THAILAND
Authors: Monika Intan , Keumala Dinda
Published: March 2022

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi menjadi penyebab masyarakat memilih tinggal di hunian vertikal sebab lahan di kota besar kian terbatas dan harga tanah semakin tinggi. Banyaknya pekerja asing di Indonesia turut menambah kepadatan hunian di kota-kota besar. Rumusan masalah apakah persamaan kepemilikan satuan rumah susun dengan kepemilikan apartemen untuk orang asing di Indonesia dan Thailand, apakah perbedaan kepemilikan satuan rumah susun dengan kepemilikan apartemen untuk orang asing di Indonesia dan Thailand, apakah yang menyebabkan persamaan dan perbedaan kepemilikan satuan rumah susun dengan kepemilikan apartemen untuk orang asing di Indonesia dan Thailand. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif, sifat penelitian deskriptif, jenis data menggunakan data sekunder, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka, analisis data secara kualitatif, pengambilan kesimpulan menggunakan logika deduktif. Kesimpulan, persamaan: kepemilikan tanah, kedua negara melarang orang asing memiliki tanah; pengertian sarusun dan apartemen, adalah kepemilikan unit secara individual. Perbedaannya: istilah penyebutan unit, Indonesia menggunakan satuan rumah susun dan Thailand menggunakan istilah Apartemen; batasan kuota kepemilikan unit, Thailand mengatur orang asing tidak boleh memiliki apartemen lebih dari 49% dari keseluruhan unit sedangkan Indonesia tidak diatur. Penyebab persamaan dari kedua Negara adalah permintaan kebutuhan hunian untuk orang asing semakin meningkat dan penyebab perbedaannya adalah perbedaan kebutuhan hidup masyarakat dan perbedaan konsepsi hukum tanah di kedua negara.