bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemingway and Mussolini: A Study in Contrasts
Authors: Greenspan Anders
Published: February 2022

The advent of the twentieth century brought with it a deep sense of historical discontinuity. The period confronted writers, artists and political players with an essential dilemma: how to revise personal perspectives in light of the new social, cultural and political contexts brought about by this rupture with the past. In this regard, Ernest Hemingway and Benito Mussolini are relevant exemplars. While this study does not concern itself with Mussolini’s journey from leftist socialist activist to fascism, it will examine Hemingway’s oft-forgotten early journalistic career and his growing political awareness, an undertaking for which Mussolini provides a pertinent touchstone. This evolving discernment eventually turned Hemingway into an avowed anti-fascist and provoked his bitter opposition to Mussolini’s policies. While Hemingway did not generally engage in protracted political discourse when young, as events in Europe took shape in the 1920s and 30s and fascism became a growing political force, the writer began to expatiate his opposition to it. His views appeared in diverse venues: private correspondence, poetry, a short story and journalistic work. This commitment to the values of democracy continued throughout the Spanish Civil War and World War II.
Graphic Queering of Mental Illness: Nagata’s My Lesbian Experience with Loneliness as Counter Discourse
Authors: Shobitha M. N.
Published: February 2022

Eating disorders have been understood predominantly as a female malady and impulsively associated with notions of femininity. This paper holds this view to be restrictive in that it overshadows other aspects that contribute to this complex phenomenon. It discusses Kabi Nagata’s My Lesbian Experience with Loneliness as a text that opens up underexplored dimensions of the condition by separating it from gender and relating it to sexuality instead. Given the fact that the queer community is comparatively more vulnerable to mental illnesses like eating disorders, the paper locates the text within the backdrop of the historical pathologisation of sexuality and its correlative desexualisation of the pathologised. Using Crip theory as a point of departure, the article aims to unearth the commonalities between queer studies and disability studies to identify overlapping areas. It positions Nagata’s text as a counter discourse by identifying heteronormativity as the illness-inducing phenomena rather than relating homosexuality to a state of being ill or disabled. Nagata’s choice and employment of the graphic medium’s rhetorical devices are analysed to justify the medium’s as most suitable to “show” the invisible states of queerness and mental illness. It concludes with demonstrating how the medium acts as a therapeutic confrontational mode of expression, offering the memoirist agency to rewrite/redraw her experience, thereby creating new meanings of the same.
Fingolimod ameliorates cognitive impairments in a phencyclidine-induced rat model of schizophrenia
Authors: Li Tao , Yu Xueli , Qi Xueyu , Wei Long , Zhao Liansheng , Deng Wei , Guo Wanjun , Wang Qiang , Ma Xiaohong , Hu Xun , Ni Peiyan
Published: February 2022

Background and Purpose: Improvement of cognitive deficits in
schizophrenia remains an unmet need due to the lack of new therapies and
drugs. Recent studies have reported that fingolimod, an immunomodulatory
drug for treating multiple sclerosis, demonstrates anti-inflammatory and
neuroprotective effects in several neurological disease models. This
suggests its usefulness for ameliorating cognitive dysfunction in
schizophrenia. Herein, we assessed the efficacy profile and mechanism of
fingolimod in a rat model of phencyclidine (PCP)-induced schizophrenia.
Experimental Approach: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with PCP for 14
days. The therapeutic effect of fingolimod on cognitive function was
assessed using the Morris water maze and fear conditioning tests.
Hippocampal neurogenesis and the expression of astrocytes and microglia
were evaluated by immunostaining. Cytokine expression was quantified
using multiplexed flow cytometry. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
expression and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase
were determined using western blot analysis. Key Results: Fingolimod
attenuated cognitive deficits and restored hippocampal neurogenesis in a
dose-dependent manner in PCP-treated rats. Fingolimod treatment exerted
anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting microglial activation and IL-6
and IL-1β pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. The underlying mechanism
involves the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein
expression and activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase
signalling pathway. Conclusion and Implications: To the best of our
knowledge, this is the first preclinical study to assess the effects of
fingolimod on cognitive function in schizophrenia models. Our results
support the role of the immune system in cognitive alterations in
schizophrenia and highlight the potential of immunomodulatory strategies
to improve cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
Gastric Glomus Tumour Presenting with Massive Upper GI Bleeding: A Challenging to Diagnose and Treat Tumour
Authors: Ayash Ahmad , Elkomy Nasrein , Almohannadi Muneera , Alkaabi Saad
Published: February 2022

Glomus tumours are infrequent benign tumours originate from the glomus
body and can be found anywhere in the body. We report the case of a 61
year-old patient who presented with massive upper GI bleeding secondary
to an ulcerated gastric glomus tumour that eventually treated with
surgical wedge resection.
Some new general lower bounds for mixed metric dimension of graphs
Authors: Milivojevic-Danas Milica , Kratica Jozef , Savic Aleksandar , Maksimovic Zoran
Published: February 2022

A vertex w ? V resolves two elements x, y ? V ? E if d(w,x) ? d(w,y). The
mixed resolving set is a set of vertices S, S ? V if any two elements of E ?
V are resolved by some element of S. The minimum cardinality of a mixed
resolving set is called the mixed metric dimension of a graph G. This paper
introduces three new general lower bounds for the mixed metric dimension of
a graph. The exact values of mixed metric dimension for torus graph are
determined using one of these lower bounds. Finally, some illustrative
examples of these new lower bounds and those known in the literature are
presented on a set of some well-known graphs.
Separability in (strongly) topological gyrogroups
Authors: Bao Meng , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Xu Xiaoquan
Published: February 2022

Separability is one of the most basic and important topological properties.
In this paper, the separability in (strongly) topological gyrogroups is
studied. It is proved that every first-countable left ?-narrow strongly
topological gyrogroup is separable. Furthermore, it is shown that if a
feathered strongly topological gyrogroup G is isomorphic to a subgyrogroup
of a separable strongly topological gyrogroup, then G is separable.
Therefore, if a metrizable strongly topological gyrogroup G is isomorphic to
a subgyrogroup of a separable strongly topological gyrogroup, then G is
separable, and if a locally compact strongly topological gyrogroup G is
isomorphic to a subgyrogroup of a separable strongly topological gyrogroup,
then G is separable.
Equivalence between distribution functions and probability measures on a lots
Authors: Gálvez-Rodríguez José , Sánchez-Granero Miguel
Published: February 2022

In this paper we give some conditions such that there is an equivalence
between probability measures and distribution functions defined on a
separable linearly ordered topological space like it happens in the
classical case. What is more, we prove that there is a one-to-one
relationship between a probability measure and the pseudo-inverse of its
cumulative distribution function.
On some sharp embedding theorems in area Nevanlinna spaces and related problems
Authors: Shamoyan Romi , Mihic Olivera
Published: February 2022

We provide some new sharp embedding theorems for analytic area Nevanlinna
spaces in the unit disk extending some previously known assertions in
various directions. Various related results (embedding theorems for area
Nevanlinna type spaces) in some other general domains and polydomains will
be discussed and provided by us.
DELABORING REPUBLICANISM
Authors: Taylor Robert S.
Published: February 2022

This article criticizes radical labor republicanism on republican grounds. I show that its demand for universal workplace democracy via workers’ cooperatives conflicts with republican freedom along three different dimensions: first, freedom to choose an occupation . . . and not to choose one; second, freedom within the very cooperatives that workers are to democratically govern; and, third, freedom within the newly proletarian state. In the conclusion, I ask whether these criticisms apply, at least in part, to the more modest, incrementalist strand of labor republicanism. To the extent that they do, delaboring republicanism might be the best response.
AMNESTY AND RETRIBUTION
Authors: Lenta Patrick
Published: February 2022

This paper addresses the relationship between amnesty granted to perpetrators of serious human rights abuses and retributivism. It rebuts arguments advanced by Dan Markel and Lucy Allais in support of their claim that the granting of conditional amnesty—amnesty in exchange for perpetrators’ confessing to, and disclosing the details of, their wrongdoing—by the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was consistent with retributivism. Markel contends that conditional amnesty was perfectly in line with recipients’ desert, while Allais submits that the TRC secured as much retribution as was possible in the circumstances of South Africa’s democratic transition. The argument of the paper is that while retributivists have good reasons to view conditional amnesty as justified, the reasons provided by Markel and Allais are not among them.
INSURANCE AND EQUALITY REVISITED
Authors: Horne L. Chad
Published: February 2022

Theorists of the welfare state increasingly recognize that social insurance programs are not well-justified by distributive egalitarianism, meaning concern for equality considered as a pattern in the distribution of some good. However, recent work by several relational egalitarian theorists suggests that these programs may be justified on relational egalitarian grounds. Relational egalitarians hold that the proper object of egalitarian concern is the way that citizens relate to one another. In this paper, I review the problems facing a distributive egalitarian justification for social insurance before considering and rejecting three relational egalitarian justifications. I close by offering a justification for these programs grounded in efficiency, not equality.
EFFECTIVE ALTRUISM
Authors: Berg Amy
Published: February 2022

The effective altruism movement (EA) is one of the most influential philosophically savvy movements to emerge in recent years. Effective altruism has historically been dedicated to finding out what charitable giving is the most overall-effective, that is, the most effective at promoting or maximizing the impartial good. But some members of EA want the movement to be more inclusive, allowing its members to give in the way that most effectively promotes their values, even when doing so isn’t overall-effective. When we examine what it means to give according to one’s values, I argue, we will see that this is both inconsistent with what EA is like now and inconsistent with its central philosophical commitment to an objective standard that can be used to critically analyze one’s giving. While EA is not merely synonymous with act utilitarianism, it cannot be much more inclusive than it is right now.
WHAT IS A FAMILY? CONSIDERATIONS ON PURPOSE, BIOLOGY, AND SOCIALITY
Authors: Kane Laura Wildemann
Published: February 2022

In this article, I examine and analyze paradigmatic conceptions of the family that are based upon a number of assumed primary purposes that the family serves for its members. In doing so, I argue that existing paradigmatic conceptions of the family do not capture the unique primary purpose of the family. I then suggest that a reconceptualization of the family is necessary to move away from inadequate paradigmatic conceptions and toward a more robust conception of the family. The approach taken in this article requires an examination into the way(s) the family has been defined descriptively—specifically, how families have been defined historically—as a means to determine what a normative theory of the family might look like. The goal of this inquiry is to define the family in normative terms, which consequently moves the definition of the family to a new conceptual landscape. Last, I present my own account of familial relations that aims to capture a normative understanding of the unique primary purpose of the family.
OBESITY POLICY AND WELFARE
Authors: Wilkinson T. M.
Published: February 2022

Governments can try to counter obesity through preventive regulations such as sugar taxes, which appear to raise costs or reduce options for consumers. Would the regulations improve the welfare of adult consumers? The regulations might improve choice sets through a mechanism such as reformulation, but the scope for such improvement is limited. Otherwise, a paternalistic argument must be made that preventive regulations would improve welfare despite reducing choice. This paper connects arguments about obesity, health, and choice to a philosophically plausible view of welfare. On the negative side, two errors to avoid are failing to see the limited value of health and thinking that findings of irrationality would alone settle arguments about welfare. On the positive side, preventive regulations could make people better-off if welfare is the satisfaction of preferences and if preventive regulations could better satisfy preferences by overcoming certain forms of irrationality. The leading evidence is from widespread attempts to lose weight. However, at least for the United States, most adults are not trying to lose weight, and that casts doubt on whether they would benefit from preventive regulations. If they would not, that seems a strong albeit not decisive reason against these regulations.
THE PROPERTY QUESTION
Authors: Edmundson William A.
Published: February 2022

The “property question” is the constitutional question of whether a society’s basic resources are to be publicly or privately owned—that is, whether these basic resources are to be available to private owners, perhaps subject to tax and regulation, or are instead to be retained in joint public ownership and managed by democratic processes. James Madison’s approach represents a case in which prior holdings are taken for granted, and the property question itself is kept off of the political agenda. By contrast, John Rawls’s approach abstracts from any actual pattern of holdings, while putting the property question on the political agenda, but at a particular place. This paper compares and contrasts the two approaches. Two unpublished lectures by Rawls—one of them directed at Madison—are included as an appendix.
Impactos socioemocionales, estrategias y retos docentes en el nivel medio superior durante el confinamiento por COVID-19
Authors: Gervacio Jiménez Herlinda , Castillo Elías Benjamín
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar las problemáticas, experiencias y situaciones de emergencia en las que se encuentran inmersos los docentes del Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional Técnica, México, a raíz del confinamiento ocasionado por la pandemia del coronavirus Covid-19, con la finalidad de generar datos e información que revele las condiciones y estrategias pedagógicas que han permitido a los docentes de este subsistema continuar con su labor docente. Se implementó la metodología cualitativa de investigación-acción, al igual que la observación participante y la recolección de información de historias de vida. Se seleccionó una muestra de 388 docentes. Los resultados permitieron identificar las dimensiones físicas, emocionales y cognitivas que se han visto afectadas. Los docentes sufren de angustia, miedo, depresión e irritabilidad. Además, subrayaron la necesidad de contar con espacios físicos tranquilos para su bienestar y salud mental, y señalaron a la seguridad laboral como la principal preocupación, aquello que se interpone para alcanzar estabilidad y bienestar económico. Se concluye con el hecho de que los efectos de la pandemia actual no solo han sido emocionales y físicos, sino también socioeconómicos.
Recursos de um professor para ensinar conteúdos estatísticos nos anos finais do ensino fundamental em escolas do campo
Authors: Medeiros Diego Jonata de , Lima Iranete Maria da Silva
Published: February 2022

A pesquisa, desenvolvida no quadro de um mestrado, buscou compreender os sistemas de recursos de professores de escolas do campo para ensinar conteúdos estatísticos nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Para isto, ancorou-se na Abordagem Documental do Didático, na Educação do Campo e na Educação Estatística. Este artigo foca os recursos de um dos três professores que participaram da pesquisa, para caracterizá-los em materiais e não-materiais e em recursos mãe e recursos filhos. Destaca, também, as relações entre os recursos do professor e as realidades de seus alunos nas comunidades camponesas. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas em dois momentos; apresentação, pelo professor, dos recursos que dispunha em seu computador para ensinar estatística e construção de um mapa de recursos com essa finalidade; e observação de uma aula. Em razão da pandemia da Covid-19, a exceção do mapa de recursos que foi construído na presença do pesquisador, os dados foram coletados remotamente. Entre os recursos apresentados pelo professor encontram-se o planejamento fornecido pelo município, livros didáticos, jogos matemáticos, páginas da internet, software e listas de exercícios – caracterizados como materiais e recursos mãe. Os recursos filhos construídos a partir deles são, em maioria, atividades que o professor modificou para aproximá-las do cotidiano escolar e das realidades dos alunos nas comunidades camponesas – caracterizados como não-materiais. O professor apresentou recursos que podem contribuir com o letramento estatístico dos alunos das escolas do campo, se forem utilizados com esta finalidade.
análise da produção acadêmica a respeito da gênese documental entre 2012 e 2020.
Authors: Neto Armenio Lannes Xavier , Ferreira da Silva Maria José , Trouche Luc
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo organizar e analisar pesquisas a respeito da gênese documental como recorte do capítulo da revisão bibliográfica da tese do primeiro autor no sentido de oferecer uma contribuição aos pesquisadores interessados no tema. Optamos por selecionar investigações publicadas em portais eletrônicos de periódicos, teses e dissertações com bases de dados provenientes do Brasil e do exterior, organizando-os pelas categorias de análise ‘reformas curriculares’, ‘formação de professores’ e ‘práticas pedagógicas’ para evidenciar os contornos do processo de gênese documental. Concluímos que a análise desse processo, realizada nos trabalhos selecionados, evidenciou a necessidade de um longo tempo de observação para a compreensão da gênese documental e a identificação de esquemas de uso, além de inferências quanto ao desenvolvimento profissional dos professores.
Orquestração instrumental on-line
Authors: Gitirana Verônica , Lucena Rosilângela
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo introduz a noção de Orquestração Instrumental On-line como uma adaptação do modelo da orquestração instrumental em tempos de ensino remoto-emergencial, e para o futuro do ensino on-line. Retomam-se as características já apontadas na Orquestração Instrumental e diferenças emanadas por essa estrutura de ensino, em que o espaço geográfico da sala de aula se amplia, invadindo o espaço pessoal de professores e estudantes. Aspectos específicos da configuração didática on-line são discutidos e indicados a partir dos dados coletados em um projeto de seis Oficinas On-line, desenvolvidas no âmbito do GERE - Grupo de Estudos sobre Recursos para a Educação e no Projeto GERE às terças, vivenciadas como extensão. Como análise traz-se a evolução de aspectos de adaptação da OI on-line nas oficinas, explicitando a flexibilidade, a mudança na geografia da sala de aula, a necessidade de se entender a articulação entre as orquestrações instrumentais e os protocolos de cursistas, monitores e formadores, que tanto auxilia ao preparo da parte da sala de aula no espaço do cursista, das orquestrações assíncronas, e das conexões que os cursistas devem seguir a cada etapa da oficina.
O uso do conceito de trajetória documental para analisar as relações entre recursos e desenvolvimento profissional do professor de Matemática
Authors: Rocha Katiane de moraes
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo mobilizamos o conceito de trajetória documental, proposto no quadro da Abordagem Documental do Didático, para analisar o desenvolvimento profissional de professores de matemática. Para tanto, nos pautamos nos princípios metodológicos propostos na Investigação Reflexiva. Neste quadro, analisamos como o professor de matemática transforma seus conhecimentos e recursos ao longo do tempo. Realizamos a análise do caso de uma professora francesa do ensino fundamental em um período de mudanças curriculares. Nossa análise mostrou que ao longo de sua trajetória, a professora mudou a forma como se relaciona com os livros didáticos, recursos digitais e colegas de trabalho. A professora passou de uma prática com alunos de conteúdo/exercício a um trabalho com problemas e situações lúdicas.
Клинический случай лечения болевого синдрома у пациентки со «стрессовым» переломом плюсневых костей стопы.
Authors: Финоженок Вероника
Published: February 2022

В клиническом случае описано применение альтернативной схемы лечения болевого синдрома, обусловленного «стрессовыми» переломами, у пациента с длительно протекающим воспалительным ревматологическим заболеванием, требующими назначения базисной цитостатической и ГКС-терапии, а также наличием значимой коморбидной патологии, ограничивающей назначение стандартной схемы лечения. Применение биорегуляционных препаратов является оптимальным решением проблемы лечения выраженного болевого синдрома при ограничении назначения стандартной НПВС терапии.
Analisis Kegiatan Orang Tua Di Rumah Dalam Mengembangkan Kecerdasan Logika Matematika Aanak Usia 5-6 Tahun Di RA Hamdaniyah Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Siagian Elvida Rahayu
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kegiatan orang tua dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan logika matematika di RA Hamdaniyah. Adapun indikator kegiatan orang tua di rumah pada penelitian ini adalah kegiatan memasak, mencuci, merapikan barang di rumah, menonton televisi, menanam bunga, bercerita dan indikator kecerdasan logika matematika pada penelitian ini adalah menunjukan empat sampai enam warna, menghitung sampai bilangan sepuluh, rentang perhatian yang lebih panjang, pemahaman konsep fungsi benda dan pemahaman konsep waktu berkembang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RA Hamdaniyah Medan Tembung Sumatra Utara pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian terdiri siswa RA Hamdaniyah semester ganjil 2021 yang berjumlah 40 orang. Sampel berjumlah 30 anak terdiri dari 15 anak perenpuan dan 15 anak laki-laki. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan angket. Observasi dilakukan dilakukan di dalam dan di luar kelas saat pembelajaran maupun di luar pembelajaran. Observasi menggunakan lembar observasi dengan model checklist. Angket menggunakan lembar angket dengan model Guttman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 20 orang tua dengan hasil persentase 66,7% melakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan memasak, mencuci, merapikan barang didalam rumah dan menanam bunga. Sebanyak 6 orang tua dengan hasil persentase 20% melakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan bercerita dan sebanyak 4 orang tua dengan hasil persentase 13.3% melakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan menonton televisi dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan logika matematika.
Embracing indian and western classical music in the 21st century: Param Vir and Shankar Tucker
Authors: Philips Anna Amy
Published: February 2022

The first (published) mention of Indian classical music in Western discourse takes us to William Jones’ On the Musical Modes of the Hindus (1784), which ignited a scholarly interest for the Orient in the Western world. Since then, over the years, several researchers in music have been swept along and consumed by the currents of lost, found, translated, (mis-)inter - preted, transliterated and transformed literature on Indian classical music 2. This work delves neither into the labyrinth of the allusive character of Raga, nor the theory, transliteration, and treatises on Indian classical music. Instead, with supporting literature from many diligent scholars, it utilises all the extremely elaborate theories and explanations from the past to initiate a different sort of analysis in this field, one that explores musical material directly in compositions which incorporate both Indian and Western music, using socio-cultural, media studies theories and music analysis theories. The primary intent of this work is to comprehend the creation of a cultural third space brought about by the hybridisation of contemporary Western music and Indian classical music, taking two composers as case studies for this purpose: Param Vir and Shankar Tucker. The parameters of this study centre, in Vir’s case, on Indian classical- and 20 th century Western classical music theories; and, in Tucker’s case, the appropriation of Indian music, using contemporary media studies and popular music the- ories of a globalised world. Such an analysis is customised and therefore is to be considered as an observation of the current scenario within these two systems of music, within these parameters.
Detect to prevent: strategies for countering violent extremism in Spain
Authors:   Researcher, CIDOB, Bourekba Moussa
Published: February 2022

This article analyses strategies for preventing and combatting violent extremism in Spain since the Madrid attacks in 2004. Initially concerned with anticipating the terrorist threat by means of police, military, and legal measures, these strategies have gradually incorporated approaches and measures that address the phenomenon of radicalisation. It is argued that the advent of the battle to “counter violent extremism” (CVE) and for the “prevention of violent extremism” (PVE) represents a step forward in the approach to terrorism since its target is not terrorism as such but the factors and conditions that can lead to it. In the case of Spain, CVE and PVE policies come together in the present strategy against violent radicalisation.
El mensaje materialista de las ideologías del liberalismo, del socialismo y de la tecnología
Authors:   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Perú, Leuridan Huys Johan
Published: February 2022

Analizamos las ideologías para demostrar que su raíz materialista está en el origen de muchos problemas en la sociedad. La economía –es decir, la producción y el consumo– define a la persona humana. El ser humano es un subproducto de la economía. Esta definición ofusca la conciencia que es la base de la ética y por lo tanto de la dignidad de la persona, porque la ciencia y la tecnología se dan siempre en relación con hombres libres cuyos encuentros tienen un significado cultural-ético. No podemos ser indiferentes a lo transcendente que no se puede verificar por experimentos o deducir de manera racional. La fe nos abre un horizonte distinto.
Fiebre y sus implicaciones en el diagnóstico del paciente neurológico, revisión narrativa de la literatura
Authors: Gutiérrez-Torres German Gustavo , Hernández-Cubides Fabio Enrique , Sánchez-Neira Yaline
Published: February 2022

Introducción. La fiebre, se considera uno de los primeros síntomas registrados en pacientes hospitalizados, convirtiéndose en un importante marcador de enfermedad. La presente revisión buscó recopilar evidencia, en torno a la fiebre y su importancia en los diferentes escenarios clínicos que se presentan en el paciente neurológico, ya que en los últimos años se ha logrado comprender mejor el papel que desempeña el sistema nervioso central dentro de la termorregulación.  Metodología. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en bases de datos como Pubmed, Ovid, Epistemonikos, Scielo y Google Scholar durante los años 2009 al 2019 en idiomas español e inglés, sobre fiebre e implicaciones en pacientes neurológicos, usando palabras clave como fiebre, sensibilidad, especificidad, likelihood ratio, enfermedades del sistema nervioso, neurología, encefalitis, neuritis y traumatismo del sistema nervioso. Resultados. Se encontraron un total de 374 artículos, de los cuales 48 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, para la construcción del presente artículo de revisión. Se incluyeron libros de texto, como metaanálisis, revisiones sistemáticas, revisiones scoping, artículos de revisión y estudios observacionales. se analizaron y subdivieron en 8 apartados con temáticas en común para su estudio. Conclusiones. En etapas tempranas de ECV isquémicos o hemorrágicos la fiebre se comporta como una respuesta sistémica secundaria a la injuria de base, siendo crucial corregirla tempranamente. Al mismo tiempo en traumatismo del SNC la fiebre en las primeras 72 horas se identifica como un marcador de mal pronóstico.
Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) in patients with bullous pemphigoid in a Polish population
Authors: Rychlik-Sych Mariola , Barańska Małgorzata , Dudarewicz Michał , Skrętkowicz Jadwiga , Żebrowska Agnieszka , Owczarek Jacek , Wiktorowska-Owczarek Anna , Orszulak-Michalak Daria , Waszczykowska Elżbieta
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is one of the most common bullous diseases with an autoimmune background. The etiology and pathogenesis of BP are believed to be influenced not only by environmental, genetic, and immunological factors as well as by oxidative stress. BP is observed more frequently in elderly patients. Additionally, more potent oxidative stress is observed just in old age. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play key roles in the detoxification of xenobiotics, metabolism of endogenous substrates, and the defense against oxidative stress. The present study examines whether polymorphism of genes encoding three selected GSTs (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) might be associated with a higher risk for BP.

Materials and methods. The study involved 71 patients with BP and 100 healthy volunteers from a Polish population. The presence of the deletion type polymorphism for GSTM1 and GSTT1 was confirmed by multiplex PCR. The Ile105Val GSTP1 polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP.

Results. It was observed that the combination of GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null/GSTP1 Ile/Val, Val/Val genotypes occurred more frequently in patients with BP (8.5%) than in controls (4.0%). The odds ratio for carriers of GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null/ GSTP1 Ile/Val, Val/Val genotypes was 2.22 (95% CI 0.60–8.16; p = 0.3727), but was not statistically significant.

Conclusions. The combination of GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, GSTP1 Ile/Val, Val/Val genotypes might be related to a greater risk of BP in a Polish population. However, future studies including more individuals are required to confirm this.
Analysis of the causes of the influence of the industrial economy on the social economy based on multiple linear regression equation
Authors: Zhao Yuting , Altalbe Ali
Published: February 2022

In industrial economy, the main factors influencing the urban construction and development of social economy is linked to the high-speed rail site accessibility, and this has its influence on the regional economy as a whole, and as an example, this can be explained through the study using a multiple linear regression equation model, built and compared before and after 2 years of data and information. Based on the weighted average travel time and economic potential, it is clear that the construction of urban expressway can help accelerate the aggregation and flow of production factors within the region, to guide the integrated development of local society and economy.
Research on aerobics training posture motion capture based on mathematical similarity matching statistical analysis
Authors: Chen Qiuju , Alsemmeari Rayan Atteah
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the freely editable characteristics of human motion posture, a human skeleton model is extracted, and a human motion posture model library is established. The application of motion capture system in dance training is analysed, and a method based on similarity matching between feature planes is proposed to calculate each model. Parameters of motion data between parts are obtained. After verification, the method has high accuracy and robustness for the analysis of human poses so that dancers can accurately compare the differences with standard dance movements and provide theoretical support for dancers to perform scientific dance training.
Examining the legislative and institutional framework for special units in Cyprus
Authors: Constantia Charalampous , Christos Papademetriou
Published: February 2022

This paper aims at examining the institutional framework within which Special Units (SUs) in Cypriot secondary education operate. The establishment of SU targets to facilitate the education of pupils defined as having special educational needs (SEN) in mainstream schools, and their operation is governed by the 1999 law and subsequent amending acts and circulars. Neither the operation of the SUs and the institutional framework that guides their operation have yet been investigated. The main aim of our research was to investigate teachers’ and parents’ views of the way in which SUs function, as well as their opinions of the legislative sections relating to the special units. This process led to the creation of a critical approach called the Institutional Framework for Special Units in Cyprus. Lastly, the participants were asked to propose ways in which the SUs could operate an inclusive environment. This paper presents qualitative research conducted in three secondary schools in Cyprus. Our sample consisted of 52 participants (heads, special education associate administrators, assistant heads, teachers, parents) over a five month timespan (September 2017-February 2018). The results lead to the conclusion that immediate action for further improvement and change is imperative, primarily for the benefit of pupils defined as having SEN.
Is the secret to effective lifelong learning lurking in the views of prospective kindergarten teachers? Comparing German and Hungarian prospective kindergarten teachers’ views on learning
Authors: Flick-Takács Nikolett
Published: February 2022

Lifelong learning (LLL) became a basis for education policies in the 21st century. The GLLI (Global Lifelong Learning Index) ranks countries based on their performance in LLL (Kim, 2016). The present paper aims to compare a successful country (Germany) with a mid-performing country (Hungary) in two ways: (1) by comparing the two countries’ framework strategies and training requirements for lifelong learning, and (2) by comparing prospective views on learning in Hungarian (NH=14) and German (NG=14;) kindergarten student teacher groups using Verges’ association matrices in order to identify the key LLL elements in their views. The target group for the qualitative research was selected based on the pedagogical phenomenon that the views of prospective teachers have a great impact on their later work, including in relation to child development (Ránki, 2002; Dudás, 2005; Takács, 2016). The results show that there are some differences in the interpretation of LLL between the two countries, which can be observed in the regulatory documents and the associations made by student kindergarten teachers. The results reveal differences in the importance of self-regulated learning, learning motivation and social competences, and some common elements, like playfulness or joy, in learning activities.
Searching for learners’ voices: Teachers’ struggle to align pedagogical-reform policy with instructional practice
Authors: Chimbi Godsend Tawanda , Jita Loyiso C.
Published: February 2022

Globally, pedagogical reform policy seeks to give space to learners’ voices. But teachers often struggle to engage learners in knowledge construction, deconstruction and reconstruction; as advocated by official curriculum reform policy. Aligning classroom practice to pedagogical-reform policy remains an uphill struggle for most teachers. This article examines Zimbabwean teachers’ efforts to align teaching methods to new curriculum policy which seeks to engage learners in classroom discourse. Using a qualitative multiple-case study and the theoretical lens of sensemaking, a case study of History teachers assessed how they were implementing new pedagogical prescriptions. Data gathered from the document analysis, interviews and 47 lesson observations suggest that, although participants made efforts to open up a space for learners’ voices, they often drifted towards teacher-centred practice. Some participants complained that the unavailability of technology‑based instructional resources, recommended in the new reform policy, made them resort to rote pedagogy. Others believed that teacher didacticism and the dictation of notes were inevitable in History instruction. The use of learner‑centric approaches (as advocated by policy) appeared to be just a drop in the ocean. This study recommends pedagogical reorientation for teachers if learners’ voices are to be heard and large-scale instructional reforms are to be successfully enacted at classroom level.
Relationship between homocysteine levels and post-stroke cognitive impairment in female and male population: from a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Li Runzhi , Weng Haoyi , Pan Yuesong , Meng Xia , Liao Xiaoling , Wang Mengxing , Zhang Yuan , Sui Yi , Zuo Lijun , Wang Yanli , Jia Ziyan , Sun Mengfan , Li Wenyi , Liu Yaou , Chen Jinglong , Xu Jun , Wang Yongjun
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives:

To investigate the relationship between homocysteine levels and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) in Chinese female and male populations with minor acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Materials and methods:

A total of 1070 participants with clinically confirmed acute minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and baseline homocysteine information from a nationwide multicenter prospective registry study in China were included in this study. Of these, 919 patients had cognitive assessments at 3-month follow-ups and 584 participants had cognitive assessments at 12-month follow-ups. The incidence of PSCI was defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment score ≤22. The differences in homocysteine levels and the incidence of PSCI were compared between female and male populations. Relationships between homocysteine levels and the incidence of PSCI in female and male populations were analyzed using multiple logistic regression, respectively.

Results:

Females had lower baseline homocysteine levels than males. Compared to males, females had lower education levels, lower rates of smoking and alcohol intake, and higher rates of diabetes and hypertension. No relationship was observed between elevated homocysteine level and 3-month PSCI incidence in either females or males. After adjusting the confounders, elevated baseline homocysteine significantly increased the 12-month PSCI risk (odds ratio 3.28, 95% confidence interval 1.47–7.34, P = 0.004) in females, but not in males (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.49–1.49, P = 0.586).

Conclusion:

Elevated homocysteine levels increased the 12-month PSCI risk in females, but not in males with minor acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.
Effect of local anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy to prevent the formation of stenosis in outflow vein in arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Huang Xin , Guan Jibin , Sheng Zitong , Wang Menghua , Xu Tianhua , Guo Guangying , Wan Pengzhi , Tian Binyao , Zhou Junlei , Huang Aoran , Hao Junfeng , Yao Li
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives:

Vascular stenosis and angiogenesis are the major causes of short expectancy of arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) has been suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiologic process. Anti-VEGF has been proved to be effective on anti-angiogenesis and applied in clinical practice, but its effect on anti-stenosis remains to be verified before it could be applied to prevent stenosis of AVF. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of local anti-VEGF therapy to prevent the formation of stenosis in the outflow vein in AVF and its mechanism.

Methods:

Bioinformatics of VEGF-A and its downstream-regulated molecules from the STRING PPI database were analyzed in this study. The biopsy samples from outflow veins of AVF in patients and C57BL/6 mouse models were analyzed to examine the mechanisms of pathologic vascular stenosis associated with VEGF pathways and their potential therapeutic targets.

Results:

We found that the reduction of VEGF-A could downregulate downstream molecules and subsequently reduce the intimal hyperplasia and abnormal vascular remodeling by analyzing the STRING PPI database. Venous wall thickening, intimal neointima formation, and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in the proliferative outflow vein of the AVF were significantly more obvious, and upregulation of expression of VEGF was observed in dysfunctional AVF in patients. In mouse models, the expression of VEGF, Ephrin receptor B4 (EphB4), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)1, TIMP2, and caspase 3 in the control-shRNA surgical group was significantly higher than in the sham group (P < 0.05), and all of these indicators were significantly lower in lentiviral transfection group and Avastin group than in control-shRNA surgical group (P < 0.05) on the 14th day after AVF operation.

Conclusion:

VEGF expression is significantly increased in vascular endothelial cells in stenosed or occluded outflow veins of dysfunctional AVF. Local injection of Avastin into the adventitia of the proximal outflow vein in autologous AVF procedure has an excellent potential to prevent the subsequent local stenosis of the proximal outflow vein.
Lung adenocarcinoma-specific three-integrin signature contributes to poor outcomes by metastasis and immune escape pathways
Authors: Wang Yizhe , Hou Kezuo , Jin Yue , Bao Bowen , Tang Shiying , Qi Jianfei , Yang Yang , Che Xiaofang , Liu Yunpeng , Hu Xuejun , Zheng Chunlei
Published: February 2022

Background:

Inhibitors targeting integrins (ITGs) are applied as a novel strategy for cancers including lung cancer; however, the heterogeneity of ITG subunits might explain why ITG-targeted inhibitors only show limited efficacy for a small group of lung cancer patients.

Materials and methods:

RNA-Seq data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients were obtained from the TCGA database. Cox regression analysis was performed to construct the prognostic signature and generate the nomogram combined with pathologic stages (pStage). GEO datasets were used for verification. The related biological functions were analyzed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) software and the TIMER database.

Results:

By Cox regression analysis of 30 ITG subunits, ITG subunit alpha 5 (ITGA5), ITG subunit alpha 6 (ITGA6), and ITG subunit alpha L (ITGAL) were identified as the prognostic factors in LUAD, which were included in the construction of a LUAD-specific 3-ITG signature. Following the calculation of risk score (RS) of each patient based on 3-ITG signature, patients with high RS in LUAD were found to exhibit worse prognosis, especially in early stage. Nomogram combined with RS and pStage could predict the prognosis of LUAD patients accurately. Mechanism exploration by GSEA showed that metastasis-related microenvironmental pathways were significantly enriched in the high-RS group. An elevated expression of ITGA5 was mainly associated with the promotion of cell migration and invasion, while the high expression of ITGAL had a strong positive correlation with the capability of recognizing and killing cancer cells.

Conclusions:

Three-ITG signature could improve the prediction ability combined with pStage in LUAD and might contribute to poor prognosis by metastasis and immune escape-related pathways.
Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds
Authors: Fichtelová Věra , Králová Alena , Babák Vladimír , Kovařčík Kamil
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Johne’s disease, caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), causes economic losses in dairy herds due to reduced milk production and premature culling. A test-and-cull strategy coupled with changes in calf rearing management preventing new infections has been introduced into infected herds to control MAP prevalence. This study appraised the effectiveness of these practice changes.

Material and Methods

In 19 large dairy herds (of a median 470 milk-producing cows), implementing MAP control measures for 3–7 years, a serum ELISA was used to detect infected cows in their dry-off period. The number of ELISA-positive animals per year (EPAY) was calculated and statistical analysis was used to test whether the EPAY total decreased during the control period and to analyse the EPAY in relationship to the duration of the control programme.

Results

Statistical support was found for a decrease of EPAY over time (P < 0.01, odds ratio 0.756) and in 14 herds a significant fall in the percentages of EPAY during the test period (P ≤ 0.05) was noted.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of the control measures in place to reduce MAP infection in herds with initial EPAY ≥3.36%. The missing decreasing trend in the remaining five herds with low average initial EPAY suggested the need for additional measures to reduce the number of infected animals in these herds.
Application of Landscape Metrics and Object-Oriented Remote Sensing to Detect the Spatial Arrangement of Agricultural Land
Authors: Safdary Rezvan , Soffianian Alireza , Pourmanafi Saeid
Published: February 2022

This study aims to investigate crop selection and spatial patterns of agricultural fields in a drought-affected region in Isfahan Province, central Iran. Based on field surveys portraying growth stages of the main crops including wheat, alfalfa, vegetables and fruit trees, three Landsat 8 operational land imager (OLI) images were acquired on March 15 (L1), June 27 (L2) and October 1 (L3), 2015. After performing radiometric and atmospheric corrections, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) maps of the images were produced and introduced to the Multi-Resolution Segmentation algorithm to delineate agricultural fields. An NDVI-based decision algorithm was then developed to identify crops devoted to each field. Finally, a set of landscape metrics including Number of Patches (NP), mean patch size (MPS), mean shape index (MSI), perimeter-to-area ratio (PARA) and Euclidian Nearest Neighborhood Distance (ENN) was utilized to evaluate their respective spatial formation. The results showed that nearly 46% of fields are devoted to wheat indicating that the landscape has been dramatically shifted towards wheat monoculture farming. Moreover, the farmers’ inclination to grow crops in large fields (approximate area of 1 ha) with more regular geometric shapes are considered as an effective way of optimising water use efficiency in areas experiencing significant water shortage.