bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Challenge of Academic Freedom
Authors: Bergman Jerry ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

Advancement of all fonns of knowledge depends on the right to freely search for the truth and the unhindered ability to disseminate the results. For this reason, academic freedom is universally regarded as a central requirement of a free society and a prerequisite for social and scientific advancement Although college instructors are considered to have more academic freedom than high school teachers, litigation does not support this claim in the area of religious speech. There is little difference in legal rulings at any academic level. In all cases when information interpreted as favorable to a theistic worldview was presented in the classroom, the ruling went against the instructor, while in all cases critical of Intelligent Design and/or theism, U. S. courts ruled in favor of the teacher In all cases it was the teacher who appealed to the courts claiming that academic freedom was denied, not the institution. Ruling that academic freedom does not reside in the teacher, but rather in the institution, goes against the very definition and purpose of academic freedom.
The Third Revolution
Authors: Gruenwald Oskar ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

This essay explores the intellectual and spiritual ferment in Tito's Yugoslavia focusing on its two major protagonists, Milovan Djilas and Mihajlo Mihajlov, Their quest for an open society and the first freedoms-thought, speech, press, assembly, and association-inspired a phenomenal rebirth ofcivic culture and civil society that toppled commmist rule in the 1989 peaceful revolution which swept across Eastern Europe and shook the Kremlin, This Third Revolution is set in the larger framework recalling the unique features of Yugoslavia's "independent road to socialism," following the Tito-Stalin split in 1948, which made "Djilasism" possible. Titoism as a case study of modernization highlights the promises and pitfalls of Marxist-Leninist ideology whose utopia of a classless society remained a straitjacket limiting efforts at liberalization and democratization. Thus, post-Tito Yugoslavia became a cauldron of nationalist contestations for Tito's mantle of leadership. Mihajlov warned of the consequences of ethnic or identity politics in a multi-ethnic state, resulting in the division of post-Tito Yugoslavia along national/ethnic lines, which triggered the 1990s civil war and "ethnic cleansing" on all sides. The essay concludes that both Djilas and Mihajlov championed freedom. Yet Mihajlov's is the more enduring and universally redeeming vision whose transcendent grounding in a Christian metaphysics resonates across time and space, ennobling cultures.
Open Letter to Tito in Defense of Mihajlo Mihajlov
Authors: Djilas Milovan ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

Milovan Djilas' Open Letter to Tito in defense of Mihajlo Mihajlov (20 March 1967) is another testimony to the indomitability of the human spirit, written shortly after Djilas' own releasefrom prison (31 December 1966). In his inimitable, direct style, Djilas reminds Tito, a former comrade-in-arms, that the detention and prosecution of a young, talented writer like Mihajlov only damages the country's reputation and the prospects for democratization. Djilas suggests amnesty for Mihajlov, which in fact became reality, but only a decade later, on the eve of the 1977 Helsinki follow-up conference scheduled for Belgrade. In the meantime, Tito asked Djilas not to contact him in this manner again.
The Movement of Independent Intellectuals in Yugoslavia
Authors: Vidović Mirko ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

This essay sums up the quest for freedom of thought, speech, press, and association in Tito's Yugoslavia via an attempt to launch an independent magazine. Free Voice, and simultaneously foimd a Movement of Independent Intellectuals at the Faculty of Philosophy at the Zadar branch of Zagreb University in the 1960s, This was the Movement that Mihajlo Mihajlov joined. And while Mihajlov became famous for his intellectual travelogue, Moscow Summer 1964, published in the West, but banned in Yugoslavia, the would-be founders of the new magazine and Movement were all intimidated and persecuted, Mihajlov himself was imprisoned in August 1966 on the eve of the press conference to announce the project, while Mirko Vidović was in exile in France, Vidović would also face imprisonment in the 1970s, joining Mihajlov in the same prison where they organized hunger strikes demanding better treatment and regime recognition of the status of political prisoners.
Is Yugoslavia the Private Property of the Conmiunist Party?
Authors: Mihajlov Mihajlo ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

Mihajlo Mihajlov's Open Letter to Josip Broz Tito of 15 July 1966 is a remarkable document. Apart from Milovan Djilas, only Mihajlov dared to address Tito in this manner. Yet Mihajlov's Open Letter voiced a hope which would reverberate in his country and throughout the communist world: the abolition of one-party communist rule in favor of a multi-party system guaranteeing basic human rights and freedoms, pluralism, tolerance, and an open society. In fact, Mihajlov's Open Letter spelled out the basic parameters of an open society as well as the limits of liberalization in Titoist Yugoslavia, The regime's response was swift and clear: Mihajlov's arrest on 8 August 1966, and subsequent imprisonment for a crime of thought.
The Dystopian Imagination
Authors: Gruenwald Oskar ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

This essay seeks to exploe the nature and effects of the new Post-Industrial Revolution as epitomized by the digital universe, the fusion of synthetic biology and cybenetics, and the promise of genetics, engendering new hopes of a techno-utopian future of material abundance, new virtual worids, human-like robots, and the ultimate conquest of nature. Central to this prefect is the quest for transcending human limitattons by changing human nature itself, consciously directing evolution toward a posthuman or transhuman stage. Less well understood is the utopia-dystopia syndrome illuminated by ttw dystopian imagination refracted in science-fiction literature in such famous twentieth-century dysopias as Yevgeny Zamyatin's We, Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, and George Orwell's 1984, cautioning that utopias may lead to their opposite: dystopia, totalitarianism, dictatorship. The thrall of techno-utopia based on technology as a prosthetic god may lead to universal tyranny by those who wield political power. The essay concludes that what humanity needs is not some unattainable Utopia but rather to cherish and nurture its God-given gifts of reason, free will, conscience, moral responsibility, an immortal soul, and the remarkable capacity of compasston to become fully human.
Cybernetics, Genetic Engineering and the Future of Psychotherapy
Authors: Anderson Robert M. , Melnik Yevgenyia K. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

This essay describes possible futures that may result from accelerating technological advances and the challenges these futures present to psychotherapists. In the next 100 years, human beings will be likely to increasingly use computers and artificial intelligence and become extremely dependent on this relationship. Chip and stem cell implants may provide people with greater memory capacity, computational capacity, and skill sets. Genetic engineering, cryonics, and cloning may allow dramatic increases in the human life span these developments occur, they will challenge what it means to be a human being and have a soul. Although psychotherapists will acquire new tools for assessment and intervention, they will face the daunting task of addressing these changes and challenges to personhood with their clients.
Existing Without My Body
Authors: Sweis Khaldoun A. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

Given the exponential growth and increasing sophistication of biotechnology, the possibility of one's continued existence without a human body is not only a logical possibility, but is fast becoming a natural one as well. The theistic concept of the separation of the body and the soul at death is a coherent, plausible hypothesis that may be explored philosophically in light of technological advemcements and without direct reliance upon faith and Scriptures, A case is made through the dissection and defense of Rene Descartes' Real Distinction Argument to illustrate that human nature consists of a separate mind and body, coupled with an examination of current biotechnological accomplishments, to show that it is both logically and naturally possible that one can continue to exist without the human body.
The Promise of Interdisciplinary Studies
Authors: Gruenwald Oskar ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

The thesis of this essay is that interdisdplinary sudies hold special promise in achieving new scientific-technological breakthroughs and mapping more effective socio-economic, political, and cultural modes of interaction enhancing human flourishing. Universities are crucial to this endeavor in their multiple roles of teaching, learning, research, and service, educating youth and adults for meaningful careers, life, and participatory citizenship in a democracy. Higher education is, thus, a major transmission belt for culture. In the Third MilIennkim, interdisciplinary approaches to learning suggest new methodologies that seek dialogue and integration of research findings across the disciplines to overcome the compartmentalization of knowledge which hinders new discoveries in the natural sciences and "connecting-the-dots" in the social and behavioral sciences, while humanities are key to understanding the emotional, mental, and spiritual aspects of human beings. Redeeming the culture and educating the Selfie generation require the integrated knowledge and insights of all disciplines.
Interdisciplinary Faith-Learning Integration for Social Change
Authors: Ward David C. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

Interdisciplinary studies has grown significantly in the last 25 years. The reductionisms of secular modernism and postmodem relativism present an opportunity for an approach to interdisciplinary faith-learning integration that provides a unifying basis for research addressing major challenges. An approach developed at Oxford Graduate School offers promise for interdisciplinary studies comprehensive enough to bridge the three cultures of the natural, social, and humane sciences in the service of bettering the world. The Learning ... to Change the World methodology proceeds through seven stages: problem clarification, literature review, faith-learning integration, interdisciplinary research, contextualization, ethical/social leadership, and lifelong learning evaluation. Grounded in a Creation-Fall-Redemption-Consummation metaphysical worldview, it assumes a critical realist epistemology to engage real-world challenges. The process accommodates multiple research methods and aims for a redemptive-ethical transformation of social problems.
Religious Education and Character Formation
Authors: Lie Anita ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

The Second Vatican Council cautioned regarding the increasing secularization of Westem societies that the greatest error of our age is the separation between faith and life. Through its history of the kingdoms of Buddhism and Hinduism, 350 years of Westem colonization and growth of Islam, Indonesia claims to place religion in high regard. Citizens are obligated to proclaim one ofthe six recognized religions. All schools allocate four hours of religious teaching weekly. Critics doubt that the teaching of religion in schools will help solve problems. Corruption is rampant and ethnic-reliigious conflicts are increasing despite the people's claim as a religious nation. The challenge, then, is to integrate religious and character education into the core as well as hidden curriculum and teach students to nurture their faith and moral sense throughout their schooling. This essay explores how religious and character education in the school curriculum endeavors to prepare young people to enhance their intellectual capabilities and form them to be people of faith and character.
Theology and Economics
Authors: Ballor Jordan J. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

In contrast to theologians who think economics has little or nothing to teach us, and economists who balk at the strictures a nonnative discipline like theology might seek to impose, this essay explores the prospects for interdisciplinary research between theotogy and economics over the next quarter century and beyond. Theology needs economics because piety is no substitute for technique, according to Etienne Gilson. Economics needs theology because man does not live on GDP per capita alone. And, theology and economics find their reconciliation in the mediating and nonnative discipline of ethics, which shows why the question of virtue ethics and the marketplace is a particularly promising area of future research on the connections between theology, economics, and ethics.
Enrique Dussel and Liberation Theology
Authors: Quintana-Paz Miguel Ángel ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

For centuries, various disciplines have tried to tackle the topic of how legitimate it is to use violence in order to solve social problems. One of the most recent interdisciplinary approaches, most successful in present-day Latin America, is the so-called "Ethics of Liberation," designed by Enrique Dussel. Based on the Theology of Liberation, this theory goes beyond the limits of theology as a discipline and pleads for three ethical criteria that every political revolution must fulfill to use violence in a legitimate way. The first is a formal criterion, which basically takes after the ideal dialogue situation endorsed by Karl-Otto Apel and Jürgen Habermas, and purports to be rooted in yet another discipline, linguistics. The second is a material criterion, defined as the upshot of an acceptable welfare for all citizens, thus intimately linked with the discipline of economics and political philosophy. The third is a criterion of feasibility, which makes a revolt legitimate if, and only if, it has a reasonable possibility of succeeding; hence strategic issues take a leading role. This essay contends that each of these criteria is conceptually incompatible with violence. Hence, Dussel's arguments involve multiple contradictions as he aims to justify the use of violence precisely with these interdisciplinary criteria.
The Emergence of the Self
Authors: Scheff Thomas J. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: December 2020

The need for integration may be the singie most important issue facing social science, the humanities and their subdisciplines, especially given the scope of the social/behavioral problems facing humanity. One path toward integrating disciplines, sub-disciplines, and micro-macro levels is suggested by Spinoza's idea of part/whole methodology, moving rapidly back and forth between concrete instances and general ideas. Any discipline, sub-discipline or level can serve as a valuable stepping-off place, but to advance further, integration with at least one other viewpoint may be necessary. This essay links three hitherto separate subjects: role-taking, meditation, and a theory of emotion. The idea of role-taking plays a central part in sociological social psychology. Meditation implies the same process in terms of a self able to witness the ego. Drama theories also depend upon a witnessing self that establishes a safe zone for resolving intense emotions. All three approaches imply that the everyday ego is largely automated. In one of her novels, Virginia Woolf suggests three crucial points about automated thought: incredible speed, how it involves role-taking, and by implication, the presence of a witnessing self.
Grounding Deep Friendships
Authors: Kristjánsson Kristján ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to offer an account of the grounding of deep friendships within the context of virtue ethics. While drawing on Aristotle’s justification of so-called character friendships, it goes some distance in reconciling Aristotle’s highly moralistic view with a prevalent counterview according to which we are drawn toward close friends for reasons that are essentially aesthetic, amoral, and irrational. It is argued that there are resources within Aristotelian virtue ethics (not exploited by Aristotle himself) that enable us to overcome some of the difficulties of his exclusively moralistic view and bring it into better harmony with common-sense conceptions; yet preserving the claim that vicious people cannot form truly deep friendships. The paper aims at an ‘individuality-adjusted moralized view’ of the grounding of deep friendships: a conciliatory view that yet remains closer to an amendment of the moralized view than to a middle-ground synthesis.
Isolation and seasonal variation of fruticin in fruits of false indigo-bush (Amorpha fruticosa L. Fabaceae) from Serbia
Authors: Samardžić Stevan , Tucović Aleksandra , Stojanović Danilo , Maksimović Zoran
Published: December 2020

Fruticin (amorphin) is a constituent of the fruit of the false indigo-bush (Amorpha fruticosa L.), which belongs to the class of rotenoid glycosides, and shows several interesting pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to isolate and chemically characterize this natural product, as well as to determine the optimal period of the year for A. fruticosa fruits collection. Fruticin was obtained by re-crystallization of the precipitate that formed after partial evaporation of the extract, prepared by 3fold extraction of powdered plant material by chloroform - ethanol (1:1, v/v). The structure of the final product was determined by various techniques of instrumental analysis (NMR, UV and MS), and confirmed by comparing the obtained spectra with corresponding data in available literature. The content of fruticin in A. fruticosa fruit was determined by LC-DAD-MS, using the external standard method based on the constructed calibration curve. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were also determined. A substantial increase in fruticin content was observed during the ripening period (>50 %). It has also been established that the optimal time for fruit collection is mid-December. Obtained results indicate that the content of fruticin in the A. fruticosa fruit is highly dependable on the time of collection. Since the biosynthesis of secondary plant metabolites is influenced not only by the time of collection, but by numerous other factors as well, additional studies are needed to define, with greater certainty, the conditions that are necessary for design of prospective efficient and sustainable production process.
Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L., Rosaceae): A review of traditional uses, phytochemical profile, and biological properties
Authors: Tadić Vanja , Krgović Nemanja , Žugić Ana
Published: December 2020

Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L. syn. Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm., Rosaceae) has been commonly used in folk medicine to heal inflammations in the mouth, bleeding of the nose, furuncules, gynaecological (menorrhagia and dysmenorrhoea), and gastrointestinal disorders. Although therapeutic indications for lady's mantle are non-specific diarrhoea and gastrointestinal complaints, it has been reported to exert, as well, a variety of biological activities, including wound healing, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, cytotoxic, and antioxidant. Lady's mantle presents a valuable source of natural bioactive compounds, mostly phenolic compounds - a large amount of tannins, phenolcarboxylic acids, and flavonoids, being responsible for the abovementioned effects. In this work, a literature review of biological properties, investigated in in vitro and in vivo experiments in regard to the determined chemical profile is presented. In addition, the data reported are discussed, and the directions for further investigations are proposed.
Tax crimes as the leading form of economic crime
Authors: Dimić Suzana , Božić Vanda
Published: December 2020

The financing of the vital interests of the social community justifies tax coverage, but taxpayers, due to the reduction of their economic power, perceive it as a burden. As a result, they resort to various modalities of behaviour - from changes in their economic decisions, which are spread to the economy through the market mechanism, to various forms of illegal behaviour. Activities by which taxpayers knowingly and intentionally violate tax regulations in order to reduce or completely fail to fulfill their tax obligation are incriminated as tax crimes. The paper analyses tax crimes in relation to the crimes of economic crime and concludes that tax crimes are the leading form of economic crime. In the concluding remarks, proposals de lege ferenda for the suppression of tax crime are given.
Constitutionalization of the right to strike
Authors: Bojić Filip
Published: December 2020

In anticipation of a new law that would regulate in detail, and in accordance with international standards and practice, the right of employees to strike, the author tries to consider certain important aspects of that right, as the basic form of collective action of employees. Therefore, the paper raises the issue of constitutionalization of the right to strike in domestic and comparative law, and at the same time problematizes the definition of the concept of strike by constitutional and legal norms. In order to better understand the problem, and in connection with the constitutionalization of the right to strike, using the comparative law method of research, special attention is paid to the constitutional guarantees of the right to strike in comparative law. Also, the author tries to theoretically determine the concept of strike, as well as to point out the important elements of the strike that are stated in certain scientific discussions. Finally, a critical review was given to the issue of regulating this right in our area in the period of self-governing socialism, when this right was not regulated by constitutional norms or a special law, and the similarities and differences between the concept of strike and the concept of work stoppage were analyzed.
Review of violations of competition in Japanese law
Authors: Leković Vuk
Published: December 2020

Author in this paper analyses competition violations under the Antimonopoly Act in Japan. Legal definition of competition violations is presented in the first chapter of paper as follows: private monopolization, unreasonable restraint of trade, and unfair trade practices. The second part of the paper focuses on the procedural course of identifying competition violations and the role played by the Japanese Fair Trade Commission in this process. Finally, the importance of the leniency program is emphasized as one of the most effective means of preventing anticompetitive behaviours of market participants. Throughout the paper, the author points out that there are some differences between competition legal framework in Japan and the European Union. The inspiration for writing this paper is the author's desire to share his own experiences and knowledge, gained during a three-week study visit to Japan in direct work with employees of the JFTC and professors in the field of competition law, in order to acquaint the expert public in the Republic of Serbia with Japanese competition law. During the research, the author used sources from the official site of the JFTC, as well as other relevant articles on the Internet.
Starting the synchronous motor in the PAP 'Lisina' by a generator from the HPP 'Vrla 1'
Authors: Stevanović Ilija , Stojić Đorďe , Janda Žarko , Jovanović Milorad , Marković Petar , Đukanović Zlatko
Published: December 2020

This paper describes test that was done in order to balance the synchronous motor rotor installed in plant PAP "Lisina". To perform balancing, it was necessary to slowly rotate the motor rotor up to synchronous speed. This was done by using one of the available generators from the nearby hydro power plant HPP "Vrla 1" to supply motor under test. The synchronous motor is driven asynchronously with a constant U/f ratio during balancing. Before that, the necessary experimental parameters were calculated in order to properly adjust all equipment used. The experiment is illustrated with recorder time diagrams showing the stator speed, voltage and current as well as the current in the synchronous motor rotor during motor run-in.
Induction coils for measuring low frequency and low intensity magnetic fields
Authors: Milić Saša
Published: December 2020

Short air core induction coils with a large radius and a large number of turns can be successfully used as induction sensors for detecting low-intensity quasistationary magnetic fields, such as magnetic fields of ships. The application of these sensors is presented in detail, and then a practical methodology for determining all the necessary parameters of the sensor is proposed. The sensitivity of sensors with actual design parameters is determined and inductance is calculated in several ways. The practical results of ship's magnetism measurement and the calculation of all parameters of the coil are presented. A comparative analysis of all results was performed and the observed deviations were thoroughly commented on.
Load angle estimation of synchronous generator
Authors: Veinović Slavko , Janda Žarko , Stojić Đorđe , Dragosavac Jasna , Joksimović Dušan , Klasnić Ilija , Đorđević Milan
Published: December 2020

In this paper a load angle estimation method of round rotor synchronous generator is presented, for load angle limiter in AVR systems design purpose. To get information of load angle, it is necessary to have values of the one terminal voltage, one phase current and q-axis reactance Xq. Mentioned values are acquired by synchronous sampling technique and processed by discrete Fourier transformation. The accuracy of presented method highly depends on quality of zero-crossing detection of the input voltage signal and on the calculation estimation of the fundamental frequency. This method is of reduced sensitivity to higher harmonics presence contence in voltages and current waveforms. Another advantage, when compared to other dq or ab based calculations estimations, is the necessity of use only two measurement channels. Drawback of described approach is lack of immunity to current asymmetry. However, a solution to overcome this problem is offered by introducing the additional measurements into the algorithm to extract the synchronous sampled direct components of all three phase currents.
Comparative analysis of the switching energy losses in GaN HEMT and silicon MOSFET power transistors
Authors: Mrvić Jovan , Vukić Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The subject of this paper is the mutual comparison of switching energy losses in cascode gallium nitride HEMT and silicon "superjunction" MOSFET transistor, both designed for a maximum operating voltage of 650 V. For the purpose of analysis the transistor switching characteristics, the double pulse test method was implemented. Detailed computer simulation models developed in programs of the SPICE family were used. Data on transient turn -on and turn-off processes were generated by LTspice simulation tool, in a wide range of drain currents, using two different gate resistance values for driving the transistors under test. The obtained results indicate superior switching characteristics of gallium nitride devices in comparison to silicon components, especially during the high drain current transistor operation. During the one transistor switching cycle, the total energy losses in the GaN HEMT were simulated, for a drain current of 30 A, and found to be five to eight times lower when compared to tested Si MOSFET transistor.
A responsabilização no pagamento de créditos trabalhistas diante da insolvência econômica e patrimonial
Authors: Cardoso Vanessa Caroline
Published: December 2020

O inadimplemento dos créditos trabalhistas por parte do empregador é tema de ampla divergência perante os tribunais e da própria doutrina, buscando-se o amparo e segurança jurídica na lei. O tema é de crucial relevância, visto que permite, de forma muito mais abrangente e contumaz a satisfação do crédito, que por vias ordinárias não veio a ser adimplido. Portanto, tem por objetivo analisar as possibilidades cabíveis para facilitar o adimplemento e impedir o inadimplemento de obrigações trabalhistas, diante das inúmeras situações em que o trabalhador se vê impossibilitado de executar o seu título. Visa analisar as possibilidades de responsabilização, caracterizando-as e diferenciando-as de acordo com a doutrina e jurisprudência para que se possa compreender as dificuldades encontradas na execução do título em face do executado com insuficiência econômica e patrimonial, a partir de uma seleção de bibliografia e documentos afins à temática e em meios físicos e na Internet.
O processo do trabalho como instrumento de tutela aos direitos fundamentais
Authors: Cardoso Vanessa Caroline
Published: December 2020

O inadimplemento dos créditos trabalhistas por parte do empregador é tema de ampla divergência perante os tribunais e da própria doutrina, buscando-se o amparo e segurança jurídica na lei. O tema é de crucial relevância, visto que permite, de forma muito mais abrangente e contumaz a satisfação do crédito, abrangendo as possibilidades cabíveis para facilitar o adimplemento e impedir o inadimplemento de obrigações trabalhistas. Ao mesmo tempo, compreende a análise de alguns princípios constitucionais que harmonizam o embasamento e justificação da necessidade de uma tutela jurisdicional efetiva, e que fundamentam a sua devida aplicação no processo do trabalho, para que a demanda ofereça pelo menos a promessa de garantia ao trabalhador do recebimento de seu crédito, considerando as peculiaridades do credor. Visa analisar as possibilidades de responsabilização, caracterizando-as e diferenciando-as de acordo com a doutrina, a partir de uma seleção de bibliografia e documentos afins à temática e em meios físicos e na Internet, interdisciplinares.
Caracterização do solo utilizado em alvenaria de taipa e adobe para restauração do patrimônio histórico
Authors: Valin Junior Marcos de Oliveira , Ribeiro Junior Ilço , Saraiva Francisco Eduardo Macedo , Souza Nayara Andrade de
Published: December 2020

O casarão tombado popularmente conhecido como Casa de Bem Bem, localizado na região do Centro Histórico de Cuiabá/MT, sofreu consecutivos desabamentos devido às más condições de preservação, onde as águas pluviais causaram danos às alvenarias de adobe e de taipa. Foram realizadas contenções em caráter emergencial para evitar maiores danos e autorizadas obras de restauro de toda a edificação. Assim, surge este trabalho com o objetivo de verificar a compatibilidade entre o solo utilizado originalmente para execução das alvenarias de adobe e de taipa e do terreno natural do casarão a ser possivelmente utilizado para atender a demanda de novo material para o restauro juntamente com a viabilidade de reutilização do material desabado. Foram realizados os ensaios de caracterização física das amostras coletadas de adobe, de taipa e do terreno natural: análise granulométrica, determinação dos limites de Atterberg, determinação da massa específica e absorção de água; e determinação do teor de acidez. Verificou-se grande semelhança entre os três materiais coletados, apresentando curvas granulométricas simétricas, massas específicas e limites de Atterberg de valores aproximados, sendo este último indicando ainda boas condições para emprego na execução de novas alvenarias para o patrimônio histórico, tanto do terreno natural quanto do reaproveitamento do material desabado.
Pavimentação asfáltica: tratamento superficial duplo com capa selante no município de Peixe/TO
Authors: Batista Arthur Richer Camelo , Santos Rafaella Oliveira Guimarães
Published: December 2020

O Tratamento Superficial é um dos tipos de revestimentos de pavimentos flexíveis, sendo também o mais utilizado pelas suas vantagens em relação aos demais, considerado de baixo custo de mão de obra e de maquinários mais simples para a sua execução, ele também é considerado o mais econômicos, principalmente em relação ao Concreto Betuminoso Usinado a Quente (CBUQ). A fim de obter um pavimento de qualidade, devem-se realizar controles de materiais utilizados e serviços realizados na execução do mesmo, buscando uma durabilidade maior do pavimento e menor surgimento de patologias oriundas das mudanças climáticas e devido as falhas corriqueiras no processo executivo, levando em consideração também a qualidade dos materiais utilizados na execução dos mesmos. Sendo assim, foi realizado o acompanhamento e controle de execução do revestimento tipo Tratamento Superficial Duplo no estado do Tocantins no município de Peixe das Ruas 07 e 12 do setor Boa Vista, sendo umas das principais vias de acesso da cidade, com finalidade de verificação da distribuição de emulsão asfáltica e de agregados por área seguindo as normas vigentes do DNIT. Para o controle dos procedimentos e materiais, foi realizado a medição da temperatura do caminhão distribuidor e medidas de taxas de aplicação e espalhamento de ligantes e agregados.
A lógica do capitalismo nas avaliações externas da educação básica
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Paiva
Published: December 2020

A realidade educacional no contexto da educação básica diante da sociedade capitalista apresenta o desenvolvimento das avaliações externas que proporcionam concorrência, ranqueamento e valorização ou desvalorização das instituições conforme seus resultados mesmo que se tente mostrar outra realidade. Neste trabalho de análise bibliográfica busca-se como objetivo  compreender as críticas desenvolvidas sobre as avaliações externas que fundamentam o IDEB conforme seu carácter ranqueador na lógica do capitalismo, sendo que tem-se como problemática saber qual a importância de propor a autoavaliação participativa da escola realizada pela comunidade escolar como forma de proporcionar mas qualidade a educação básica.
Fast Methods for Finding Multiple Effective Influencers in Real
Networks
Authors: Hunt Fern Y. , Pozo Roldan
Published: December 2020

We present scalable first hitting time methods for finding a collection of nodes that enables the fastest time for the spread of consensus
in a network. That is, given a graph G = (V;E) and a natural number k, these methods find k vertices in G that minimize the sum of
hitting times (expected number of steps of random walks) from all remaining vertices. Although computationally challenging for
general graphs, we exploited the characteristics of real networks and utilized Monte Carlo methods to construct fast approximation
algorithms that yield near-optimal solutions.
SUCCESS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM IN DETERMINING ALVEOLAR BONE LOSS FROM DENTAL PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY IMAGES
Authors: KURT Sevda , ÇELİK Özer , BAYRAKDAR İbrahim Şevki , ORHAN Kaan , BİLGİR Elif , ODABAS Alper , ASLAN Ahmet Faruk
Published: December 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect alveolar bone loss from dental panoramic radiographic images using artificial intelligence systems.
Material and Methods: A total of 2276 panoramic radiographic images were used in this study. While 1137 of them belong to cases with bone destruction, 1139 were periodontally healthy. The dataset is divided into three parts as training (n=1856) , validation (n=210) and testing set (n= 210). All images in the data set were resized to 1472x718 pixels before training. A random sequence was created using the open-source python programming language and OpenCV, NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib libraries effectively. A pre-trained Google Net Inception v3 CNN network was used for preprocessing and data sets were trained using transfer learning. Diagnostic performance was evaluated with the confusion matrix using sensivitiy, specificity, precision, accuracy and F1 score.
Results: Of the 105 cases with bone loss, 99 were detected by the AI system. Sensitivity was 0.94, specificity 0.88, precision 0.89, accuracy 0.91 and F1 score 0.91.
Conclusion: The convolutional neural network model is successful in determining periodontal bone losses. It can be used as a system to facilitate the work of physicians in diagnosis and treatment planning in the future.
EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXICITY OF DIFFERENT UNIVERSAL BONDS USING THE XCELLIGENCE SYSTEM
Authors: ATILAN YAVUZ Sevim , SURMELİOGLU Derya
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the cytotoxic effects of five different universal bonding agents on mouse fibroblast cell lines (L929).
Materials and Methods: Five different widely used universal adhesive systems were chosen that have different contents, pH levels, and polymerization methods. A real-time cell analyzer (RT-CES, xCELLigence; Roche Applied Science, Germany, and ACEA Biosciences, USA) was used for cytotoxic evaluation of light-cured polymerized G-Premio Bond (GC Europe, Belgium), Prime&Bond Universal (Dentsply Sirona, USA), Universal Bond Quick (Kuraray, USA), Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE, USA) and self-cured polymerized Tokuyama Universal Bond (Tokuyama, USA) experimental groups. L929 were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium and supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1 % antibiotics. The assay was performed E-plate-16 and monitored every 15 min for 72 h. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s posthoc tests.
Results: All tested universal adhesive systems showed a statistically significant difference in cytotoxicity values in different time periods (p<0.05). Among the groups compared, G-Premio Bond showed the least cytotoxic effect; and Tokuyama Universal Bond showed the most cytotoxic effect. Different times of all universal adhesive systems significantly increased the count of viable cells compared to the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: In dentistry, universal adhesive systems can be observed cytotoxic effects to live cells. The evaluation of cytotoxicity with xCELLigence device is a reliable method and should be supported by new studies on this subject.
IDEAL SPONTANEOUS SPACE CLOSURE AFTER LATE EXTRACTION OF PERMANENT FIRST MOLAR TEETH
Authors: DEMİR Pinar , AYDOĞDU Hatice
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE: Before they haven't completed its development, permanent first molar(PFM) teeth which have been decayed and treated with root canal therapy is mostly extracted before the child even reaches adult hood. With correct evaluation of patient, these extracted teeth’s space can be ideally closed by permanent second molars(PSM). The aim of the study is to learn under which conditions we can provide ideal closure and occlusion in patients who refer to us in a late stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 695 patients aged 6-16 years who had PFM tooth extracted at a Faculty of Dentistry were retrospectively evaluated from the system. 117 patients had their PFM tooth extracted after the ideal age range and 15 of them were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Panoramic films of 21 teeth of 15 patients with spontaneous ideal closure were evaluated before extraction and after eruption of PSM teeth. The contact between the PSM and the second premolar was recorded and intraoral photographs were taken. Rotations in the PSM and second premolars, axis disturbances towards the linguale/buccal, midline deviations in both jaws, TMJ dysfunctions and chewing habits were evaluated. RESULTS: When PFM extraction was performed, PSM development stage was determined as Demirjian G in 19 teeth and H stage in 2 teeth. Tipping was observed in 80%, and rotation in 9.5% of the PSM teeth. Clinically, it has been determined that 85% of the patients don’t notice the PFM deficiency, don’t complain about their teeth and don’t consider orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, it has been observed that ideal spontaneous space closure and ideal occlusion can be achieved, although it was extracted in late period. In ideal occlusion, rotation or tipping after extraction in late period; permanent third molar presence and eruption pressure were more effective than the eruption direction and angle of the PSM tooth.
REMINERALIZATION OF PRIMARY MOLAR DENTINE WITH SILVER DIAMINE FLUORIDE AND SODIUM FLUORIDE : AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: YILMAZ Neslihan , OCAK Mert , ÖKTE Zeynep
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Objectives: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) offers a minimally invasive and inexpensive alternative to traditional restorative caries treatment. Aim of this study was to evaluate the mineral density value and remineralization effect of 38% SDF solution and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on artificial primary tooth dentin caries lesions.
Materials and Methods: 54 extracted sound primary molars were demineralized and allocated into two groups: SDF and NaF groups. After pH-cycling, mineral density values (MDV) were assessed with micro computed tomography (micro-CT) and surface morphology were studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results: After remineralization agents were apllied and specimens pH-cycled, the MDVs of the Region of Interest (ROI) in lesions increased in both NaF and SDF group. The mean MDV of SDF applied specimens was found to be higher than NaF applied specimens at statistically significant level. In the SEM images, it was observed that the dentinal tubules orifices were occluded almost completely in SDF group while the orifices in NaF group were partially occluded.
Conclusions: The use of 38% SDF demonstrated a great remineralization effect on primary molar dentin than 5% NaF varnish. Further clinical studies are needed to investigate the effect of 38% SDF on primary molars which remains in the mouth longer than incisors and have a great function on chewing.
The Quality of Peace in Post-Conflict Situation: A Comparative Study Between Armed Conflicts in Aceh and Bangsamoro
Authors: Latif Ikhwan Rahmatika , Mutiarin Dyah , Nurmandi Achmad
Published: December 2020

This article investigates the quality of peace in armed conflicts that occurred in the Southeast Asia region. The authors compared the cases of Aceh, where the armed conflict between the Free Aceh Movement or GAM and the government of Republic Indonesia ended peacefully with the Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding, with the conflict in the southern Philippines, where a peace agreement, the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro, was successfully achieved between the government of Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. This research employed document analysis to analyse the peace settlement documents of both parties and the derivative laws of the agreed settlements, as well as other relevant sources as the secondary data. All documents and sources were processed through the NVivo 12 application. The findings revealed that in both Aceh and Bangsamoro, the quality of peace is far from significant, for not all the terms of the agreements had been realised and there was still mutual suspicion prevailing between the two fighting parties. Therefore, what had been agreed upon in the Aceh and Bangsamoro post-conflict agreements must be accomplished as they should be in order to create a lasting peace, thereby allowing the people to experience a sufficient quality peace together.
Catalan Identity and Paradiplomacy Strategy in Catalonia’s Independence Movement
Authors: Hubert Ignatius , Dermawan Windy , Akim Akim
Published: December 2020

This article seeks to analyse how Catalan identity, within the context of its conflict with the Spanish government, contributes to its foreign relations with the global public through paradiplomacy. This article uses qualitative research method with literature study. It finds that Catalonia, as one of Spain’s autonomous regions, have a distinct history, language, and culture from other Spanish regions. To protect their identity, there have been an emergence of movement for greater Catalan autonomy, even independence. This conflict reached climax on 1 October 2017 when the Catalan government initiated an independence referendum amongst Catalan people, with the majority voted for independence from Spain. Since then, the Catalan independence movement has faced many changes until now, with one of the moves done by Catalonia to seek support from global public through their paradiplomacy. As such, it is worth noting how paradiplomacy done by the Catalan government was an effort to protect the existence of their identity, which increases the complication and dynamics of Catalan and Spanish governments’ internal conflict. Findings from this study may show important implications for the resolution of similar internal conflicts, especially those involving identity and paradiplomacy.
Searching for new unconventional high temperature superconductors
Authors: Hu Jiang-Ping ,   Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and Kavli Institute of Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Published: December 2020

Based on the common properties exhibited in both cuprates and iron-based high temperature superconductors, we have recently proposed the “gene” concept for unconventional high temperature superconductors: those d-orbitals of transition metal elements with the strongest in-plane bonding to anion p-orbitals must be isolated near Fermi energy. Here we summarized recent progress in this research direction and discussed several electronic environments that meet the “gene” condition. We also discussed the challenge and the possibility in finding new unconventional high temperature superconductors.
Dysregulation of sonic hedgehog signaling causes hearing loss in ciliopathy mouse models
Authors: Moon Kyeong-Hye , Ma Ji-Hyun , Min Hyehyun , Koo Heiyeun , Kim HongKyung , Ko Hyuk Wan , Bok Jinwoong
Published: December 2020

Defective primary cilia cause a range of diseases known as ciliopathies, including hearing loss. The etiology of hearing loss in ciliopathies, however, remains unclear. We analyzed cochleae from three ciliopathy mouse models exhibiting different ciliogenesis defects:Intraflagellar transport 88(Ift88),Tbc1d32(a.k.a.bromi), andCilk1(a.k.a.Ick) mutants. These mutants showed multiple developmental defects including shortened cochlear duct and abnormal apical patterning of the organ of Corti. Although ciliogenic defects in cochlear hair cells such as misalignment of the kinocilium are often associated with the planar cell polarity pathway, our results showed that inner ear defects in these mutants are primarily due to loss of sonic hedgehog signaling. Furthermore, an inner ear-specific deletion ofCilk1elicits low-frequency hearing loss attributable to cellular changes in apical cochlear identity that is dedicated to low-frequency sound detection. This type of hearing loss may account for hearing deficits in some patients with ciliopathies.