bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL STUDY AND INCIDENCE OF OS PERONEUM IN PERONEUS LONGUS TENDON AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Estudio anatómico comparativo e incidencia del os peroneum en el tendón de peroneo largo y su significación clínica
Authors: Verma Poonam , Arora Anterpeet
Published: March 2020

Introducción: El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar la tasa de incidencia del os peroneo (OP) en el tendón del peroneo lateral largo (PLT) y su importancia clínica. Métodos: La disección de 60 cadáveres embalsamados (56 hombres y 4 mujeres) del grupo de mediana edad se hizo para tener acceso a la  tasa de incidencia del os peroneo en PLT. Resultados: En nuestro estudio se observó que la  tasa de incidencia del os peroneo fue de  86,6% (52  extremidades). La ubicación del os peroneo es también un tema de controversia. La mayoría de los autores afirman que se relaciona con el hueso cuboides y de vez en cuando se ve inferior al calcáneo distal a la articulación calcáneo-cuboidea. Pero en el presente estudio el os- peroneo estuvo en relación al hueso cuboides en 40 extremidades (76.9%)  y distal a articulación calcaneocuboidea en el resto de las 12 extremidades (23.1%). Conclusión: Este estudio sugiere que existe una alta tasa de incidencia de un OP en cadaveres. Esto puede ser como consecuencia de la técnica utilizada para localizar el mismo. La importancia clínica ha sido mencionada en relación con la ubicación del os peroneo, que puede ser confundido con fracturas estiloides y de Jones. Introduction: The aim of our study was to assess the incidence rate of the os peroneum (OP) in the peroneus longus tendon (PLT) and its clinical significance. Methods: Dissection of 60 embalmed cadavers (56 male and 4 female) of middle age group was done to access the incidence rate of os peroneum in peroneus longus tendon. Results: In our study the incidence rate of os peroneum was 86.6% (52 limbs). The location of os peroneum is also a subject of dispute. Most authors stated that it is related to the cuboid bone and occasionally it is seen inferior to the calcaneum distal to the calcaneocuboid joint. But in the present study os peroneum was in relation to cuboid bone in 40 limbs (76.9%) and distal to calcaneocuboid joint in 12 limbs (23.1%). Conclusion: This study suggests that there is a high incidence rate of the os peroneum in the peroneus longus tendon in cadavers. This may be a consequence of the technique used to locate it. The os peroneum can be mistaken for a styloid or Jones fractures.
A CASE OF DISTAL ULNAR NERVE VARIATION – PRESENCE OF SENSORY LOOP AROUND THE HOOK OF THE HAMATE BONE. Un caso de variación distal del nervio ulnar – Presencia de un bucle alrededor del gancho del hueso ganchoso
Authors: Angelov Alexander K , Jelev Lazar
Published: March 2020

Las variaciones del nervio cubital ulnar en la muñeca son extrañas, pero todavía tienen importancia clínica. Durante una disección de rutina de la mano derecha de un hombre europeo de 67 años, se encontró en la muñeca  un nervio ulnar aberrante. Su rama superficial se bifurcó y formó un lazo completo alrededor del gancho del hueso ganchoso. Los nervios sensoriales de los dedos surgieron de las diferentes partes de este lazo. La presencia de dicha variación predispone al nervio a una neuropatía por compresión incluyendo una lesión accidental ocasionada durante las intervenciones quirúrgicas. Ulnar nerve variations in the wrist are rare but still have clinical importance. In the course of a routine dissection of the right hand of a 67-y-old Caucasian male cadaver an aberrant ulnar nerve at the wrist was found. Its superficial branch bifurcated and formed a complete loop around the hook of the hamate bone. The sensory digital nerves arose from the different parts of this loop. The presence of such a variant neural loop predisposes the nerve to compression neuropathy and accidental injury during surgical interventions.
ANOMALOUS PREVERTEBRAL COURSE OF THE LEFT VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Recorrido prevertebral anómalo de la arteria vertebral izquierda
Authors: Billakanti Prakash B
Published: March 2020

La arteria vertebral es una de las arterias que irriga el cerebro. El conocimiento de la anatomía normal y las variantes de la arteria vertebral adquiere importancia en la práctica clínica y la radiología vascular. El origen anómalo de la arteria vertebral del arco de la aorta o cualquiera de las arterias del cuello ha sido reportado por muchos autores. En este informe se presenta una variación del curso prevertebral de la arteria vertebral izquierda. La arteria vertebral tenía su origen habitual en la arteria subclavia con un largo curso prevertebral y entraba en el foramen transversarium de la vértebra CII. El origen y recorrido de la arteria vertebral en el lado derecho fue normal. Clínicamente es importante conocer el origen y curso del segmento prevertebral de la arteria vertebral y las posibles variaciones. El presente informe debería ser de interés para el médico vascular con respecto a las variaciones en el cuello y región torácica, y puede dar idea para dilucidar el mecanismo de desarrollo de la angiogénesis. Vertebral artery is one of the arteries supplying the brain. Knowledge of the normal and variant anatomy of the vertebral artery assumes importance in clinical practice and vascular radiology. Anomalous origins of the vertebral artery from the arch of the aorta or any one of the arteries of the neck have been reported by several authors. In this report a variation of the prevertebral course of the left vertebral artery is being presented. The Vertebral artery had usual origin from the subclavian artery and had a longer prevertebral course to enter the foramen transversarium of the CII vertebra. The origin and course of the vertebral artery on the right side was normal. It is clinically important to know the origin and course of the prevertebral segment of the vertebral artery and possible variations. The present report should be of interest for clinicians with regard to vascular variations in the neck and thoracic region, and may give insight into elucidating the developmental mechanism of angiogenesis.
LYMPHOVENOUS COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE THORACIC DUCT AND THE AZYGOS VENOUS SYSTEM. Comunicaciones linfovenosas entre el conducto torácico y el sistema de la vena ácigos
Authors: Dahran Naief , Soames Roger
Published: March 2020

Las venas del tronco venoso de ácigos son altamente variables en lo que se refiere a orígenes, trayecto, afluentes y terminaciones. Las comunicaciones linfovenosas entre el conducto torácico y el sistema venoso de ácigos, fueron halladas en una disección de un cadáver embalsamado de 92 años de edad. El conducto linfático estaba dividido en dos pequeños vasos linfáticos los cuales, drenaban la vena hemiciácigos accesoria en los niveles de T9 y T8. Estas comunicaciones son clínicamente importantes debido a que pueden actuar como vías metastásicas desde la parte más inferior del cuerpo hasta los pulmones.  Veins of the azygos venous system are highly variable in terms of their origins, course, communications, tributaries and termination. Lymphovenous communic-ations between the thoracic duct and the azygos venous system were revealed during dissection of a 92-year-old female Thiel-embalmed cadaver. The thoracic duct branched into two small lymph vessels which drained into the accessory hemiazygos vein at the levels of T9 and T8. These communications are clinically important as they might act as metastatic pathways from the lower part of the body to the lungs
The problem with vehicles movement through a roundabout
Authors: Marić Bojan , Branković Nenad
Published: March 2020

Cilj primjene i uvođenja kružnih raskrsnica jeste efikasnije i bezbjednije funkcionisanje saobraćaja, kao i smanjenje broja konfliktnih tačaka u odnosu na raskrsnice sa direktnim ukrštanjem tokova. Međutim izgradnja kružnih raskrsnica pored svih svojih prednosti se mora raditi u skladu sa propisima i standardima, uz određeno iskustvo zemalja koje su prepoznale probleme i izgradile mnoge kružne raskrsnice. S tim u vezi, u ovom radu su na osnovu video snimaka na kružnoj raskrsnici u naselju Rebrovac u Banjaluci identifikovane konfliktne tačke i izvršena je raspodjela vozila koja su se pojavila na posmatranoj kružnoj raskrsnici u periodu snimanja. I pored manjeg broja konfliktnih tačaka u odnosu na raskrsnice sa direktnim ukrštanjem tokova, kružne raskrsnice na ovim prostorima i dalje predstavljaju problem. Ovaj problem ne treba zanemarivati jer je sve veći broj saobraćajnih nezgoda u kružnim raskrsnicama. Osnovni cilj je svesti greške na minimum, jer manji broj grešaka doprinosi i povećanju bezbjednosti saobraćaja.
Evaluation of conditions in the traffic flow on the crossroad of the main road M4 and Milutin Milankovic Boulevard in Banja Luka
Authors: Bjelošević Radenka , Gataric Dragan , Đukić Aleksandar , Sandić Milan , Pajić Mladen , Stevanović Stojan
Published: March 2020

The design and construction of roundabouts, as a solution that will replace the classic intersection, has great application in our area, because it has proven to be the best traffic solution. The aim of this paper is to determine whether the roundabout will provide better traffic conditions than a traffic light. Baseline data were collected by counting traffic at the intersection in question and then processed in the SIDRA INTERSECTION software program. The program analysis covers the following criteria: service level, time losses, costs and emissions. Reducing speed has increased the safety of all road users, which in addition to the environmental aspect is the most important positive effect. With traffic congestion, traffic intensity and service levels have been raised. The construction of the roundabout would continue the trend of construction of roundabouts in Banja Luka, which, in addition to traffic amenities, gives this city an aesthetically pleasing new dimension.
TENSILE AND COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIORS OF THE PULTRUDED GFRP LAMINA
Authors: ÖZKILIÇ Yasin Onuralp , MADENCİ Emrah , GEMİ Lokman
Published: March 2020

The use of composite materials in civil engineering is increasing day by day due to their superior priorities such as high strength to weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, and durability. One of the recent materials used in the civil engineering application is pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP). Many studies are available in the literature related to the behavior of component (structural) level of the pultruded GFRP; however, very limited data is available related to the behavior of the lamina level of the pultruded GFRP. Since the behaviors of the pultruded GFRP in longitudinal and transverse directions are quite distinct, it is aimed to provide the tensile and compressive behavior of the pultruded GFRP in terms of stiffness, capacity and failure modes. Pursuant to this goal, longitudinal and transverse direction of the pultruded GFRP laminas were tested under both compressive and tensile forces according to ASTM standards. A total of 12 specimens, three replicates for each type, were tested. Moreover, these tests were modelled with the aid of Abaqus. The numerical and experimental results revealed that the transverse strength of pultruded GFRP is much weaker than its longitudinal strength for both compressive and tensile forces. While the damages in tensile tests started in micro dimension and continued as macro and the result of the damage was progressive damage, the rapid progression of damages in compression experiments led to the development of catastrophic damage.
AN EXTENDED ANALYSIS OF THE MODELS TO ESTIMATE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE TEMPERATURE
Authors: ÖZDEN Talat , TOLGAY Doga , YAKUT Muhammet Samet , AKİNOGLU Bulent G.
Published: March 2020

To estimate the performance of the photovoltaic power systems is the key issue in their techno-economic feasibility analysis. Performances, on the other hand, strongly depends on the module temperatures of the photovoltaic systems. In this study, we evaluated the performance of ten different module temperature estimation models using the measured outdoor data of five different modules. The modules are installed at the rooftop of a building located at Central Anatolia where the climate is cold and semi-arid. The results showed that the models having smaller number of parameters perform better than the others. We concluded that such analysis should be carried out at different ambient conditions so that the best performing models for the site can be obtained. Another outcome of the study is that the seasonal evaluation of the performance of the models should be carried out.
BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF LAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATES UNDER THE EFFECT OF UNIAXIAL AND BIAXIAL LOADS
Authors: DOĞAN Ali
Published: March 2020

This paper investigates the buckling analysis of simply supported symmetrically thin and thick composite plates. Using the Hamilton’s principle, the governing equation for thin and thick composite plates is derived. The equation of motion for thin and thick laminated rectangular plates subjected to in-plane loads is obtained with the help of Hamilton’s principle. The loading conditions of rectangular plate are uniaxial and biaxial compression. Considering the Navier solution technique, closed form solutions are attained and buckling loads are found by solving the eigenvalue problems. In this study, the effect of edge ratios and anisotropy on the buckling analysis of rectangular plate was investigated. The computer programs have been written separately with the help of Mathematica (MATHEMATICA 2017) program for the solution of the buckling analysis of laminated composite plates. Results of the numerical studies for the buckling of laminated composite plates (LCP) are demonstrated and benchmarked with former studies in the literature and ANSYS finite element methods.
A new approach to measure reduction intensity on cores and tools on cobbles: The Volumetric Reconstruction Method
Authors: Lombao Diego , Rabuñal José Ramón , Cueva-Temprana Arturo , Mosquera Marina , Morales Juan I
Published: March 2020

Knowing to what extent lithic cores have been reduced through knapping is an important step toward understanding the technological variability of lithic assemblages and disentangling the formation processes of archaeological assemblages. In addition, it is a good complement to more developed studies of reduction intensity in retouched tools, and can provide information on raw material management or site occupation dynamics. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating the intensity of reduction in cores and tools on cobbles, the Volumetric Reconstruction Method (VRM). This method is based on a correction of the dimensions (length, width, and thickness) of each core from an assemblage. The mean values of thickness and platform thickness of the assemblage’s flakes are used as corrections for the cores’ original dimensions, after its diacritic analysis. Then, based on these new dimensions, the volume or mass of the original blank are reconstructed using the ellipsoid volume formula. The accuracy of this method was experimentally tested, reproducing a variety of possible archaeological scenarios. The experimental results demonstrate a high inferential potential of the VRM, both in estimating the original volume or mass of the original blanks, and in inferring the individual percentage of reduction for each core. The results of random resampling demonstrate the applicability of VRM to non size-biased archaeological contexts.
Review Amino acid analysis of cocoa fermented by High Performeance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

review journal asam amino
SURAT PENCATATAN CIPTAAN (HKI)
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

Dalam rangka pelindungan ciptaan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan, seni dan sastra berdasarkan UndangUndangNomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta, dengan ini menerangkan:
COVID-19 vaccination clinical trials should consider multiple doses of BCG
Authors: Ayoub Bassam
Published: March 2020

Vaccine repositioning is a hot research topic as an alternative to the traditional vaccine approach, which is a costly and time-consuming process due to the availability of previous safety and toxicology data. Multiple-dose BCG vaccine repurposing for COVID-19 will be an uprising breakthrough of vaccine discovery with safer outcomes. BCG induces cross-protection that might not be related to the target disease as innate immune cells, including monocytes and natural killer cells, contribute to this immune protection as known as “trained immunity” [1]. BCG had multifaceted protection against TB, Leprosy & heterogeneous pathogens [2]. Moreover, it was repositioned as a treatment for type-1 diabetes, many types of cancer & multiple sclerosis [2]. BCG vaccine accelerates the “resetting” of the immune system [3] or “turn on” immunity mechanism that agrees with its pleiotropic repurposing for many diseases. Multiple-dose BCG vaccine was used for reversing type-1 diabetes & for treating bladder cancer [4-5]. While intravesical multiple doses of BCG for bladder cancer showed many complications [6-7], intradermal multiple doses of BCG for diabetes showed high safety profile [4]. As recent studies have shown that upon certain vaccinations, human innate immune cells can undergo extensive metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, which results in enhanced immune responses upon heterologous re-infection, a process termed trained immunity [8]; The author recommends that COVID-19 vaccination clinical trials should consider multiple doses of BCG. After reviewing the recent COVID-19 literature, although some preliminary studies suggested BCG to fight COVID-19 [9-12], they did not consider the use of multiple intradermal BCG vaccination (at least 2 doses, 4 weeks apart [4]) for the prophylaxis of COVID-19 outbreak. I do recommend that diabetic patients should participate in clinical trials to benefit from the reported BCG anti-hyperglycemic effect [4]. What if safe multiple doses of BCG turned on the immunity and protected people from COVID-19 more efficiently than a single dose?
SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG TERIGU DENGAN TEPUNG KACANG HIJAU DALAM PENGOLAHAN MIE KERING
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik mie daripencampuran tepung terigu dengan penambahan bahan tepung kacang hijau yangdigunakan. Pencampuran bahan, penggilingan, pencetakan, pengukusan (100 Cselama 12 menit). Pendinginan (15 menit)dan menghasilkan mie. Penambahantepung kacang hijau dengan berbagai variasi yaitu, 80% tepung kacang hijau, 20%tepung terigu, 70% tepung kacang hijau, 30% tepung terigu, 60% tepung kacanghijau 40% tepung terigu dan 50% tepung kacang hijau 50% tepung terigu dandilakukan 4 kali ulangan. Untuk analisa dilakukan untuk menetukan kadar protein, kadar abu, kadar air,penilaian organoleptik meliputi warna mie, tekstur mie, aroma mie , rasa mie dankekenyalan mie. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi perlakuanpenambahan tepung kacang hijau 50% tepung kacang hijau dan 50% tepung terigumendapatkan hasil yang baik, semakin tinggi volume tepung terigu semakin baikpula mie yang dihasilkan.
KIMIA PANGAN
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang MahaKuasa atas segala berkat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulisan bukuini dapat diselesaikan. Dalam rangka memperkaya pengetahuanmengenai kimia pangan bagi mahasiswa dan pemerhati pangan,maka penulis menghadirkan satu buku pegangan tentang kimiapangan.Buku Kimia pangan ini berisi pengetahuan dasar tentangjenis ikatan, reaksi kimia yang terjadi pada bahan pangan,komponen pangan meliputi karbohidrat, lemak dan minyak,air, protein dan enzim serta penyusunnya. Oleh karena itu, bukukimia pangan ini sangat cocok sebagai pegangan bagi mahasiswateknologi pangan dan pemerhati pangan.Kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan kontribusi danbantuannya untuk terbitnya buku ini disampaikan terima kasih.
PERUBAHAN pH , KEASAMAN DAN INDEKS FERMENTASI BIJI KAKAO SELAMA FERMENTASI HASIL BIJI KAKAO (THEOBROMA CACAO)
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

Most cocoa beans are produced by farmers Indonesia is dry cocoa drying whosequality can be improved by the fermentation method, but it takes more optimizationfor fermentation can run well. This study aimed to determine changes in the chemicalproperties of fermented dry cocoa beans drying. Dry beans drying is obtained bydrying the wet cocoa beans (fresh) in a cabinet dryer with a previously conditionedat a temperature such as drying in the sun, and each determined the reduction ofsugar levels. Experiments fermented dry cocoa beans are fermented in thefermentation container with the amount of 100 grams of seed per container. Beforethe first fermented dry cocoa beans drying on rehydration to obtain a moisturecontent approaching fresh beans, dry beans drying then incubated for six days andwithout inverted during fermentation. Each treatment was repeated three times andobserved every 24 hours to 120 hours. Reduction sugar, acid levels tertitrasi, thepopulation of yeasts and acetic acid bacteria in fermented pulp was observed duringthe fermentation process. To determine the quality of dry beans drying measurementof pH and the fermentation index during fermentation.
STUDI PENCAMPURAN LABU KUNING (Cucurbita Moschata) DENGAN TEPUNG BERAS TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BISKUIT YANG DIHASILKAN
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengetahui penambahan labu kuning tingkat pencampuran dan penambahan labu kuning terhadap perubahankomposisi kimia (kadar air, kadar abu , dan kadar protein) dan profil sensori yangdihasikan (ketampakan, bau dan rasa, sifat tekstural) biskuit labu kuning yangdihasilkan serta menentukan penambahan labu kuning yang tepat dalam pembuatanbiskuit dengan penambahan labu kuning. Rancangan yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuanyaitu, A= (Labu kuning 30 % + Tepung beras 70 %), B= (Labu kuning 40 % +Tepung beras 60 %), C= (Labu kuning 50 % + Tepung beras 50 %), dan D= (Labukuning 60 % + Tepung beras 40 %). Didalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini tiga tahapyang dilakukan yaitu analiasa biskuit labu kuning kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadarprotein. Sehingga mendapatkan biskuit yang diinginkan. Analisa ini dilakukan untukmenentukan dan mengetahui kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan organoleptik(Warna, tekstur, rasa dan aroma). Hasil terbaik biskuit yaitu perlakuan B 40% Labukuning + 60% Tepung beras. Dengan hasil kadar air 4,80%, kadar abu 0,93% kadarprotein 7,00%, nilai warna 3,6%, tekstur 3,7%, rasa 3,95%, dan aroma 3,8%.
PENGOLAHAN MINYAK KELAPA MURNI (VCO) DENGAN METODE FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN RAGI TAPE MERK NKL
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase starter ragi tape yangtepat pada pengolahan VCO. Dari hasil penelitian pengolahan minyak kelapa murni(Virgin Coconut Oil) terhadap parameter yang diamati dapat diambil kesimpulanbahwa (1) Persentase ragi tape memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadaprendemen hasil, kadar air, asam lemak bebas/FFA, organoleptik aroma, danorganoleptik warna, (2) semakin banyak penambahan ragi tape pada pengolahanminyak kelapa murni maka kualitas mutu minyak kelapa yan dihasilkan semakintidak bagus tapi sebaliknya rendemen hasil meningkat, dan (3) Untuk kualitas yangterbaik pada minyak kelapa murni dengan penambahan stater ragi tape A(10%)yaitu dengan kadar air A1 (10%) = 0,11%, asam lemak bebas A(20%) = 0,02%,rendemen hasil A2 (20%) = 23,88%, organoleptik aroma A2 2 (20%) = 3,00, danorganoleptik warna A(20%) = 3,00%.
BELAJAR DARI SARAH
Authors: Mudak Sherly
Published: March 2020

Alkitab sangat jujur menyatakan keberadaan manusia-manusia Allah. Mereka memiliki pengalaman iman yang luar biasa, namun merekapun mengalami pengalaman ketidak-percayaan, perubahan sikap, mundur di dalam iman, dsb. Meski demikian Alkitab di dalam kitab Ibrani 11 memasukkan nama-nama mereka sebagai “Pahlawan Iman.” Bahkan penulis kitab Ibrani menyatakan mereka sebagai saksi-saksi" bagaikan awan yang mengelilingi ..." seakan ingin menunjukkan bahwa merekapun mengalami pengalaman pergumulan iman yang dicatat di dalam Alkitab tetapi mereka keluar sebagai pemenang.
Learning when to learn: Context-specific instruction encoding
Authors: Braem Senne , Xu Shengjie , Liefooghe Baptist , Abrahamse Elger
Published: March 2020

Humans are efficient at learning new behaviors through verbal instructions, bypassing the need for trial-and-error learning, but requiring a certain degree of cognitive flexibility. Recent theories suggest that abstract functions of cognition, like cognitive flexibility, can be (up)regulated by contextual features in our environment with which they are associated. Here, we tested whether people show a more flexible control mode in contexts where one frequently learns new task instructions. Specifically, participants had to encode and execute a series of new task instructions, and the likelihood of encountering a new (relative to old) task instruction varied in function of whether the instruction was presented above versus below the center of the screen (Experiment 1, n = 40), or in a blue versus green font (Experiment 2, n = 40). We measured the level of interference from retained new task instructions on secondary task performance to index cognitive flexibility, and show enhanced flexibility (i.e., enhanced receptibility for new task instructions) for contexts in which the likelihood of encountering new task instructions was relatively high. Similarly, participants were also faster to encode new instructions in these contexts. A third, online study (n = 77) replicated the main finding of Experiment 2, whose context manipulation (i.e., font color) was most effective. Together, these findings suggest that cognitive flexibility can bind to, and be signaled by, contextual features in our environment. Such ‘learning when to learn’ provides a (self-)regulating mechanism for the cognitive processes that support the encoding (and execution) of new task instructions.
Mind-Wandering: What Can We Learn from Eye Movements?
Authors: Zhang Han
Published: March 2020

Mind-wandering (MW) is ubiquitous and is associated with reduced performance across a wide range of tasks. Recent studies have shown that MW can be related to changes in gaze parameters. In this dissertation, I explored the link between eye movements and MW in three different contexts that involve complex cognitive processing: visual search, scene perception, and reading comprehension. Study 1 examined how MW affects visual search performance, particularly the ability to suppress salient but irrelevant distractors during visual search. Study 2 used a scene encoding task to study how MW affects how eye movements change over time and their relationship with scene content. Study 3 examined how MW affects readers’ ability to detect semantic incongruities in the text and make necessary revisions of their understanding as they read jokes. All three studies showed that MW was associated with decreased task performance at the behavioral level (e.g., response time, recognition, and recall). Eye-tracking further showed that these behavioral costs can be traced to deficits in specific cognitive processes. The final chapter of this dissertation explored whether there are context-independent eye movement features of MW. MW manifests itself in different ways depending on task characteristics. In tasks that require extensive sampling of the stimuli (e.g., reading and scene viewing), MW was related to a global reduction in visual processing. But this was not the case for the search task, which involved speeded, simple visual processing. MW was instead related to increased looking time on the target after it was already located. MW affects the coupling between cognitive efforts and task demands, but the nature of this decoupling depends on the specific features of particular tasks.
Early prosocial development: a systematic review of evidence to support the integration of neurocognitive and cross cultural methods
Authors: Katus Laura , McHarg Gabrielle , Hughes Claire
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Within the relatively young field of social neuroscience, there is growing interest in the interplay between biological and social influences on early prosociality (which includes key constructs of helping, sharing and comforting). In particular, neuroimaging (electroencephalography [EEG], functional near infrared spectroscopy [fNIRS]) and eye tracking haven proven invaluable methods to study infants and young children. These measures are more easily adapted for use in different cultural settings than many behavioural paradigms and so hold great potential for implementation in cross- cultural research. Method. We conducted two searches of studies of prosocial development during infancy and early childhood, one with a focus on recent methodological advances and one to review studies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) over the past 20 years. Results. In total, we identified 15 studies that used neurocognitive methods; these had a strong focus on helping behaviour and conducted almost exclusively in high-income settings. We also identified 20 studies that investigated prosocial development in LMICs; these focussed primarily on sharing, and included just two eye-tracking studies and no studies using either EEG or fNIRS. Discussion. Several directions for future research emerged from this review. These include the need for: (i) longitudinal research to elucidate developmental trajectories; (ii) investigations involving young infants (<12 months); and (iii) the potential importance of applying EEG, fNIRS and eye tracking in cross cultural research into prosocial development.
Understanding violent extremism in the 21st century: The (re)emerging role of relative deprivation
Authors: Kunst Jonas R. , Obaidi Milan
Published: March 2020

Recently, the world has experienced a wave of violent protest, and in particular Islamist and right-wing extremism have become increasing challenges for many societies. We argue that especially the experience of relative deprivation, that is the perception that oneself or one’s group is undeservingly worse off than others, can explain various, contemporary forms of violent extremism, including (a) low-power groups’ violent attempts to challenge the unequal status quo, (b) high-power groups’ violent defense of their privileged position, and sometimes even (c) people’s violent attempt to help out-groups in need. In light of recent research and growing social inequalities, we expect relative deprivation to be a key factor driving violent extremism across cultures and contexts in the 21st century.
Environmental convergence in facial preferences: A cross-group comparison of Asian Vietnamese, Czech Vietnamese, and Czechs
Authors: Pavlovič Ondřej , Fiala Vojtěch , Kleisner Karel
Published: March 2020

It has been demonstrated that sociocultural environment has a significant impact on human behavior. This contribution focuses on differences in the perception of attractiveness of European (Czech) faces as rated by Vietnamese persons living in the Czech Republic and Vietnamese who permanently reside in Vietnam. We investigated whether attractiveness judgments and preferences for facial sex-typicality and averageness in Vietnamese who grew up and live in the Czech Republic are closer to the judgements and preferences of Czechs or to those of Vietnamese born and residing in Vietnam. We examined the relative contribution of sexual shape dimorphism and averageness to the perception of facial attractiveness across all three groups of raters. Czech, Czech Vietnamese, and Asian Vietnamese raters of both sexes rated facial portraits of 100 Czech participants (50 women and 50 men, standardized, non-manipulated) for attractiveness. Taking Czech ratings as a standard for Czech facial attractiveness, we showed that Czech Vietnamese assessments of attractiveness were closer to this standard than assessments by the Asian Vietnamese. Among all groups of raters, facial averageness positively correlated with perceived attractiveness, which is consistent with the “average is attractive” hypothesis. A significant impact of sexual shape dimorphism on attractiveness rating was found only in Czech male raters: neither Czech Vietnamese nor Asian Vietnamese raters of either sex utilized traits associated with sexual shape dimorphism as a cue of attractiveness. We thus conclude that Vietnamese people permanently living in the Czech Republic converge with Czechs of Czech origin in perceptions of facial attractiveness and that this population adopted some but not all Czech standards of beauty.
HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES APPLIED TO FAULT DETECTION IN A CANTILEVER BEAM
Authors: Borges Fernando Elias de Melo , Pinto Andrey Willian Marques , Pereira Daniel Augusto , Barbosa Bruno Henrique Groenner , Magalhães Ricardo R , Ferreira Danton Diego , Barbosa Tássio Spuri
Published: March 2020

In this paper, it is proposed a method to detect structural faults or damages using Higher-Order Statistics (HOS). For this, vibration signals were taken from cantilever beams. Such vibrations were generated by a DC motor with varying rotation, generating vibrations at various frequencies. Vibration signals and engine speed control were performed by an Arduino board. After the signal acquisition, parameters are extracted by means of second-, third- and fourthorder cumulants and then the most relevant ones were selected by the Fisher’s Discriminant Ratio (FDR). To fault detection, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier has been designed in its One-Class version, where only oneclass knowledge is required. The results showed a good ability to represent vibration signals via HOS along with a large reduction in dimensionality given using FDR and a good generalization by means of the SVM classifier. Failure detection results showed 100% success rates.
SEARCH FOR WAYS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: BUIUKLI – TARAN T.P.
Published: March 2020

Topicality. In Ukrainian society there is concern about the quality of dairy products produced by domestic producers. Dairy production is the most necessary in the diet of a human, especially at the child�s age. We cannot image the child diet without milk and dairy products. As the infant�s body is much more fragile and vulnerable to the quality and safety of the food, which he consumes, so the requirements to the quality and safety of dairy products need to be tightened, and the requirements must be increased. And it is precisely such the requirements that should apply to the development of economic entities that have the direct relation to the production, , maintenance and processes of milk processing.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze and estimate the condition of the commodity market in the link of the dairy product chain, the sanitary state of milk being milked, volumes of milk supply to the processing enterprises, production and distribution of the dairy products by sales channel, problems and possibilities of providing rational needs and the level of consumption of milk and dairy products by the population.

Research results. Carried out complex analysis of the state of dairy industry and the raw material market in the link of the dairy logistics chain, the sanitary state of fresh milk, the volumes of milk supply to the extra grade processing enterprises, production and distribution of dairy products by sales channels.
Conclusion. The condition of dairy market and enterprises shows, that adopting legislative and regulatory measures and norms synchronized with European ones will not produce the expected results, unless supported them by real investment projects, aimed at developing the market sectors, and, first of all, the raw milk sector, which produces milk. The strategy for the development of the milk market should be based on the development of large-scale milk commodity farms, equipped with all the necessary infrastructure: feed-storage shops, veterinary services, milking machines and cooling, and most importantly quality laboratories.
SOME ASPECTS OF STATE GOVERNANCE OF NATURAL ASSETS IN UKRAINE
Authors: BURKYNSKYI B.V. , KHUMAROVA N.I. , SHEVCHENKO H.M.
Published: March 2020

Topicality. The state of ecological-economic development in Ukraine demonstrates the exhausted disposition of its natural-resource potential due to exorbitant and consumer use, as well as the unbalance of the government functions of use and reproduction of natural capital.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the state governance of natural assets, taking into account the factor of environmental conflict in the framework of sustainable development.
Research results. Natural assets are considered as resources as a result of their involvement in economic activity a benefit is received due to increased net cash flows, both from their direct use and from the provision of ecosystem services. Within a certain territory, the total volume of natural resources differs from the volume of natural assets by the amount of the passive part of natural capital. State regulation of natural assets is defined as a type of state activity on forming the policy of organizing the practical activity of state bodies, provision technological process of preparation, adoption and execution of managerial decisions regarding economic entities - users of natural assets.
Conclusion. Asset management effectiveness depends on the type of the policy that is chosen � traditional, integrated or transformational and, consequently, the level of application alongside regulatory instruments � technological and social innovation and, above all, economic incentive instruments, in particular, the consideration of natural resources in price terms, the establishment of a time-differentiated system of penalties on what is directly harm the environment, new development strategies that ensure the relationship between the objectives of economy's social sphere and environmental security. In resolving environmental conflicts that arise in the field of natural assets management the method of ecological consensus was proposed that is inclusive in nature and is as close as possible to comply with the principle of Pareto optimality.
TRADISI PUNGGAHAN MENJELANG RAMADHAN
Authors: Ramadhani Salmaa Al Zahra , Abdoeh Nor Mohammad
Published: March 2020

“Punggahan” comes from the word ‘munggah’ (Javanese) which means to go up or enter a higher place. According to the world ‘munggah’ implied a change in the direction be better than the “sya’ban” month to holy month of  Ramdhan and increase in faith during Ramdhan fasting. Punggahan is a tradition of sending prayers to ancestors who have died before the coming of Ramadhan, meant as a tradition of praying and giving thanks to the glorious month of  Ramadhan the moon which is always awaited by its arrival in the world especially Muslims, including Muslims in Indonesia. Various preparations were made to welcome thr arrival of the month of Ramadhan including Punggahan. Punggahan aims to remind muslims that Ramadhan is coming soon, and also send prayers for people who have died. The “pungghan” tradition was introduced by Sunan Kalijaga when spreading islam in Java at the time Sunan Kalijaga used the method of cultur acculturation when spreanding Islam. Punggahan usually done in their respective homes by inviting relatives and neighbors and a kyai to lead thahlil and prayer.The menu that must be provided when uploading is apem, pasung. Pisang and ketan the four mandatory menus that must be available at the time of Pungghan. The menu that is brought during Punggahan has is own meaning by welcoming the coming of exist when Punggahan so that the meaning contained can be conveyed and can be known by readers all the word.
TRADISI SUROAN SEBAGAI TAPAK TILAS WALISONGO (STUDI DI DESA JATIREJO KECAMATAN SURUH KABUPATEN SEMARANG)
Authors: Safera Damar , Huda Muhammad Chairul
Published: March 2020

Tradition is a pattern of behavior that has deep roots in a society or can be interpreted as a habit that has long been carried out by a certain community in an area, which means carrying out the tradition means also carrying out the process of socialization between generations. Eachs region has a different culture. One of the traditions that is still carried out by the people in Jatirejo Village is the Suroan tradition or commonly called 1 Muharram. The Suroan tradition is a traditional Javanese ceremony in welcoming the Javanese new year which is a cultural assimilation of Javanese culture and Islamic culture carried out by Sultan Agung. People in the village of  Jatirejo themselves celebrate it with various forms of activities carried out each year.Suroan tradition which aims to express gratitude to Allah SWT, asking for fortune to be given blessings and gratitude for the harvest and most importantly, so that villagers avoid all kinds of dangers and diseases that afflict or reject. The implementation of the Suroan tradition in the village of  Jatirejo, begins with a deliberation between residents and local village officials, then the main event of the Suroan and closing traditions.As for the problem formulation in this study is "how are the economic and religious motives implications in the implementation of the Suroan tradition in the community of  Jatirejo Village, Suruh District, Kab. Semarang ".
DISKRIMINASI PEREMPUAN BERCADAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF HEGEMONI
Authors: Wahidah Nuryu , Nuranisah Ezzah
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine, describe, and explain people's perspectives on veiled women. The existence of community construction that veiled women are labeled as radicals, seen from the many historical phenomena about terrorism always related to women who use the veil. This study aims to look at discrimination against veiled women with a review of historical phenomenology in the study of hegemony. Through this research it can be seen that veiled women are labeled as radicals and terrorists. The understanding of hegemony emphasizes that hegemony will take place if the way of life, way of thinking and views of the people below and governing are influenced by the elite and the mass media. There should be no discrimination against women of any age, religion, ethnicity and status. All must be treated equally, fairly, and do not distinguish between culture, ethnicity, religion and social status. Discrimination in the use of veils in Indonesia which led to a ban on the use of veils on campus which later arose a criticism of the veil ban through the perspective of hegemony theory
Pengembangan Alat Ukur Kecerdasan Jamak Siswa Sekolah Dasar Berorientasi Pembelajaran
Authors: Darmawan Nurani Hadnistia , Hilmawan Hilman
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research, in general, is to develop measurement tools for verbal-linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and kinesthetic intelligence for elementary school students. More specifically the purpose of this study is to test the validity and reliability of measuring tools verbal-linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and kinesthetic intelligence of elementary school students. The research method used is descriptive development method. Development of measuring tools for verbal-linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and kinesthetic intelligence was collected through survey techniques by observing to see the emergence of each student. Data analysis techniques in this study were conducted by testing the validity and reliability of the measuring instrument. The research subjects were 30 first grade students scattered in SDN 1 Pasirhalang, SDN 1 Selaawi, and SDN 1 Sukaraja, Sukaraja District, Sukabumi Regency in the 2018/2019 school year. The results of this study indicate that the measurement tools for verbal-linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and kinesthetic intelligence are in the valid category of 30 indicator items out of 40 indicator items and are reliable with Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.739 which is in the high category.
Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Karakter Terintegrasi Self – Confidence pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Alawiyyah Anisa , Apsoh Siti
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the inculcation of the values ​​of the integrated character of self-confidence inside and outside the classroom and their impact on grade IV SDIT Mutiara students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The stages of this research method are collecting data by observation, interview, questionnaire, document analysis and data processing. The instruments used in this study were assessment rubrics, teacher interview guidelines, teachers and student questionnaires. The results of research on the inculcation of the integrated character values ​​of self confidence in English subjects in the classroom have been successfully applied. While outside the classroom the most prominent religious character values. The barriers there are not available in English books and character values ​​assessment format, the family environment of students who are less concerned about the character values ​​that have been applied in the School and students get different average grades but tend to be quite good.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Trunk Musculature and Intervertebral Discs in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury with Thoracolumbar Vertebral Fractures: A Prospective Study
Authors: Singh Roop , Wadhwani Jitendra , Punia Gaurav , Rohilla Rajesh Kumar , Kaur Kiranpreet
Published: March 2020

Study Design: This study is a prospective clinical study.Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of trunk musculature and intervertebral discs by using magnetic resonance imaging in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) with thoracic and lumbar fractures. Overview of Literature: Muscle atrophy is an immediate consequence of SCI and is associated with secondary complications. At present, there are limited clinical data on muscle and disc responses to fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine.Methods: A total of 51 patients with a mean age of 31.75±10.42 years who suffered traumatic SCI were included in this study. Complete neurological examinations (American Spinal Injury Association grading) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed at the time of admission and at 3–6 months after injury to study the neurological status and disc and trunk parameters. The type of management (operative or conservative) was decided on the basis of clinical, radiological, and MRI evaluations, and a robust rehabilitation program was initiated.Results: Disc parameters including disc angle, skin angle, cross-sectional area (CSA), and disc height and trunk parameters (mean trunk width, mean trunk depth, and CSA of the lumbar muscles) decreased significantly (p <0.001) during the first 3 months after SCI. However, improvements were observed in disc and muscle parameters at the 6-month follow-up, but these parameters did not return to normal levels. Neither initial neurological status (complete vs. incomplete) nor type of management (operative vs. conservative) had a significant effect on these parameters.Conclusions: Spinal trauma leads to alterations in the morphology of the vertebral column, spinal cord, intervertebral discs, and paraspinal muscles in the initial phase of injury. The extent of these changes may determine the initial neurological deficit and subsequent recovery. Although this study did not identify any statistically significant effect of neurological status or management strategy on these parameters, rehabilitation was found to result in the improvement of these parameters in the later phase of recovery. Future studies are required to evaluate the exact causes of these alterations and the potential benefits of rehabilitation strategies and to minimize these changes.