bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Genetics Education as Part of the Japanese Cancer Education Comprehensive Support Progect
Authors: Yamada-Kurebayashi Fumi , Sasaki Motoko , Kuga Asami , Kojima Risa , Miyake Hidehiko
Published: May 2022

In Japan, cancer education has been initiated with children as a measure against cancer. Cancer genome medicine, which is a social implementation, includes aspects of genetic medicine. For this reason, it is assumed that content related to "genetics" is also necessary in cancer education. To investigate the actual situation regarding the teaching of genetics in cancer education, we conducted a questionnaire survey of schoolteachers involved in cancer education; these schoolteachers belonged to the model school of the Cancer Education Comprehensive Support Project. Regarding genetics content, we asked questions related to two aspects: “the molecular genetic mechanisms of cancer” and “the phenomenon of sharing cancer in the family.” The results showed that about 60% of the teachers had experience teaching content related to “the molecular genetic mechanisms of cancer” and “the phenomenon of sharing cancer in the family.” While many teachers felt that teaching genetics in cancer education was necessary, they also felt that there were difficulties in doing so: 65.2% for content related to "the molecular genetic mechanisms of cancer " and 70.8% for that related to “the phenomenon of sharing cancer in the family.” It is important to properly treat cancer as a genetic disease, and it is necessary to examine government curriculum guidelines and establish a collaborative system among other subjects. In addition, the involvement of specialists in genetic medicine and psychosocial support is expected to improve teachers’ genetic literacy as well as to communicate with students with consideration for their family history.
PDS5A and PDS5B differentially affect gene expression without altering cohesin localization across the genome
Authors: Arruda Nicole L. , Bryan Audra F. , Dowen Jill M.
Published: May 2022

Background Cohesin is an important structural regulator of the genome, regulating both three-dimensional genome organization and gene expression. The core cohesin trimer interacts with various HEAT repeat accessory subunits, yielding cohesin complexes of distinct compositions and potentially distinct functions. The roles of the two mutually exclusive HEAT repeat subunits PDS5A and PDS5B are not well understood. Results Here, we determine that PDS5A and PDS5B have highly similar localization patterns across the mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) genome and they show a strong overlap with other cohesin HEAT repeat accessory subunits, STAG1 and STAG2. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate individual stable knockout lines for PDS5A and PDS5B, we find that loss of one PDS5 subunit does not alter the distribution of the other PDS5 subunit, nor the core cohesin complex. Both PDS5A and PDS5B are required for proper gene expression, yet they display only partially overlapping effects on gene targets. Remarkably, gene expression following dual depletion of the PDS5 HEAT repeat proteins does not completely overlap the gene expression changes caused by dual depletion of the STAG HEAT repeat proteins, despite the overlapping genomic distribution of all four proteins. Furthermore, dual loss of PDS5A and PDS5B decreases cohesin association with NIPBL and WAPL, reduces SMC3 acetylation, and does not alter overall levels of cohesin on the genome. Conclusions Together, this work reveals the importance of PDS5A and PDS5B for proper cohesin function. Loss of either subunit has little effect on cohesin localization across the genome yet PDS5A and PDS5B are differentially required for gene expression. This work advances our understanding of how HEAT repeat proteins regulate cohesin function.
A Distinctive Routing Protocol for Energy Distribution of Nodes in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Rahman Maksuda , Tasneem Zareen , Tafannum Farissa , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Shahriar Mohammad Rafid , Islam Monirul Islam
Published: May 2022

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of sensor nodes and base station. In WSN, reduction of energy and extension of network lifetime are important facts. In this paper, LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) which is a hierarchical routing protocol, is improved. Weight exponent of network, residual energy of the nodes, SCHs (Supporting Cluster Head) and also distance to CH (Cluster head) and SCH are considered in the proposed scheme which is RF-LEACH or refined LEACH. Based on network lifetime a comparison between LEACH, LEACH-SCH and RF-LEACH protocol is analyzed. The implementation is done using MATLAB 2013a. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that the proposed scheme is better than LEACH and LEACH-SCH.
A cross-sectional analysis from the PAC-19QoLReg on the association between Quality of Life (QoL) of long COVID-19 patients and their disease duration
Authors: Jandhyala Ravi , Lin Yuhui
Published: May 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized for its long-term detrimental effects on the human population. The aim of this study was to report on the quality of life (QoL) from the interim analysis of COVID-19 positive patients registry data (PAC-19QoLReg) at baseline.Method: Self-declared patients who received COVID-19 positive diagnosis and/or had exhibited symptoms of lagged effects from post-COVID-19 for a duration of at least 28 days were recruited into the PAC-19QoLReg in December 2020 via social media, broadcasting platforms community forums and by word-of-mouth.Results: At primary recruitment, a total of 107 participants were recruited into the study. However, this interim data reports on N=74 long COVID-19 patients who have completed their baseline PAC-19QoL; Survey 1. The generalized linear model (GLM) Poisson regression was applied in this study to examine the association between exposure duration to COVID-19 and PAC-19QoL scores. The finalized model was adjusted for truncation time and age at recruitment. Truncation time was considered for its contribution in the delayed effects to complete the questionnaire upon recruitment, and such postponement varied among participants. The findings demonstrate that all participants were likely to recover in their QoL scores with increasing time since being diagnosed with COVID-19. The model underwent an elective statistical adjustment with the UK-only participants, and with truncation time at 0-14 and beyond 14 days. Participants who took >14 days to complete the survey were likely to recover in QoL scores than <=14 days. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggests a disproportional impact on patients by gender, age, and study country was observed, emphasizing that an awareness of patient-specific factors can assist clinicians in identifying those who may be at risk for diminished QoL as they progress. Furthermore, psychological adaptation to disease symptoms upon COVID-19 diagnosis was observed among the participants .Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04586413; 14th October 2020
Comparison of Mainstream End Tidal Carbon Dioxide on Y-Piece Side Versus Patient Side of Heat and Moisture Exchanger Filters in Critically Ill Adult Patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Tamashiro Satoshi , Nakayama Izumi , Gibo Koichiro , Izawa Junichi
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Whether HMEF impairs the accuracy of mainstream EtCO2 measured on the Y-piece (filtered) side of HMEF compared to that on the patient (unfiltered) side is unclear.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational method comparison study in a teaching hospital in Japan between July 2019 and December 2019. Critically ill adult subjects receiving mechanical ventilation with HMEF were included. We performed a noninferiority comparison of the accuracy of EtCO2 measurements on the two sides of HMEF. The accuracy was measured by the absolute difference between PaCO2 and EtCO2. We set the non-inferiority margin at +1 mmHg in accuracy difference between the Y-piece side and the patient side of HMEF. We also assessed the agreement between PaCO2 and EtCO2 using Bland-Altman analysis.Results: Among thirty-seven subjects, the accuracy difference was -0.14 mmHg (95% CI, -0.58–0.29), and the upper 95% CI limit did not exceed the predefined margin of + 1 mmHg, establishing non-inferiority of EtCO2 on the Y-piece side of HMEF (P for non-inferiority <0.001). In the Bland-Altman analyses, 95% limits of agreement between PaCO2 and EtCO2 were similar in both sides of HMEF (Y-piece side, -8.67–+10.65 mmHg; patient side, -8.93–+10.67 mmHg).Conclusions: The accuracy of mainstream EtCO2 measurements on the Y-piece side of HMEF was noninferior to that on the patient side in critically ill adult subjects. Mechanically ventilated adult subjects could be accurately monitored with mainstream EtCO2 on the Y-piece side of the HMEF unless their tidal volume was extremely low.
Reactive and acute inflammatory microvasculopathy in 36 COVID-19 autopsy brains
Authors: Rhodes Roy H. , Love Gordon L. , Lameira Fernanda Da Silva , Shahmirzadi Maryam Sadough , Fox Sharon E. , Heide Richard S. Vander
Published: May 2022

Background: Hypercytokinemia, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and hypoxia are implicated in brain morbidity in COVID-19. There is little evidence of direct SARS-CoV-2 brain infection, although focal microvascular infection and ‘planted’ antigens have been suggested.Methods: Histopathology of the brains from 36 consecutive autopsies of patients who were RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 was studied. Immunostaining for serum proteins, complement components and virus, as well as viral in-situ hybridization, were employed. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare activation of complement in brain microvessels in COVID-19 cases with immunostaining findings in pre-pandemic autopsy brains.Results: Neuropathologic findings in this COVID-19 cohort identified widespread reactive microvasculopathy (ectasia, mural distortion, and intussusceptive arborization) and acute intraluminal neutrophilic endotheliitis in the microcirculation in all 36 cases. Prominent vascular neutrophilic transmural migration was found in several cases where it was best identified in larger microvessels. In 25 cases there was acute microcirculatory perivasculitis. Activation of complement components, which included membrane attack complex, was significantly higher in microvascular walls in the COVID-19 cohort than in pre-pandemic cases.Conclusions: The literature suggests that in COVID-19 patients reactive microvasculopathy most likely originates from hypoxia, hypercytokinemia, and RAS dysfunction, while direct and indirect virus-induced factors may contribute. Acute endotheliitis, transmural migration, and acute perivasculitis constitute the early phase of type 3 hypersensitivity vasculitis in all of the cohort cases. The presence of activated complement components in microvascular walls in COVID-19 autopsy cases compared to controls is consistent with type 3 hypersensitivity vasculitis. Viral antigen in or ‘planted’ on microvessels or other antigen-antibody complexes could cause of this type of autoimmune vasculitis proximate to death. Coupling of neurogliovascular units could be compromised, if only temporarily in various brain regions, during the progression (initiation to healing) of these microvascular findings even in the absence of thrombosis or mural dehiscence. However, no specific neurological alteration in this cohort can be attributed directly to specific histopathologic findings.
Medial versus lateral camera port placement for robotic nephron-sparing surgery: Evaluating surgical complications and outcomes
Authors: Olsen Jamie , Olsen Daniel , Hale Nathan , Deem Samuel , Deslich Stacie
Published: May 2022

IntroductionAs the growing popularity of robotic assisted laparoscopic procedures for the treatment of renal cancer increases, there exists a variation in surgical technique among institutions and surgeons alike. One variation that exists in robotics is the anatomical placement of the camera port (medial versus lateral camera port placement). The purpose of this study is to evaluate surgical complications and outcomes in comparison to site of camera port placement during nephron-sparing surgery in an academic setting. MethodsOver a three-year period, outcomes for all robotic surgeries for renal cancer were examined. A total of 229 cases were discovered. Patient demographics and comorbidities were analyzed along with perioperative surgical data including location of camera port, surgery length, warm ischemia time, blood loss, pathological tumor margins, tumor size, length of stay and laboratory data. Outcomes134 patients had surgery performed with lateral camera port placement versus 95 patients with medial camera port placement. Operative time was significantly lower with an average operative time of 165.8 minutes for the lateral group versus 209.1 minutes in the medial group (p <0. 0001). Warm ischemia time was also less in the lateral group with an average of 11 minutes versus 15.5 minutes for the medial group (p <0. 0001). Blood loss was less in the lateral camera port group with an average of 158.2mL (+/- 196.5mL) versus 248.6mL in the medial group (+/- 252.6) (p=0.0040). Drain use, positive surgical margin rate, transfusion rate, conversion to radical nephrectomy, change in preoperative versus postoperative creatinine and glomerular filtration rate and length of hospital stay did not statistically differ.ConclusionLateral camera port placement is associated with decreased operative time and warm ischemia time in this series. There may be certain laparoscopic advantages through a better visualization of surgical anatomy, thus allowing for faster extirpation of renal lesions and decrease in surgical time. These advantages may result in better long-term renal function and decreased clinical sequela from chronic kidney disease.
Benefits of Wetlands and Attitudes of Local Communities towards Wetland Conservation in Southwest Ethiopia Peoples' Region
Authors: Tolossa Tesfaye , Bakala Fayera , Alemkere Azmeraw , Fite Yeshi
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted in the Sheyebench and South Bench Woredas of the Bench-Sheko zone and Masha Woreda of the Sheka zone in southwest Ethiopia. In this study Chega-Gawussi wetland from Masha, Chonkie-Shinkie wetland from Sheybench and Lake Dembi South Bench Woredas were selected. In this both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected from randomly interviewed households living in the vicinity of the selected wetlands. The main objective of interview highly revolves around benefits and attitudes of local communities towards conservation of wetlands. Collected data were analyzed using 5-point Likert scale to analyze benefits and attitudes respondents towards wetland conservation. SPSS© and Microsoft excel©. The result of study revealed that wetlands in the study area provide wide range of uses for local communities, such as livestock grazing, irrigation, recreation, grass and forage harvesting, water sources for livestock and domestic uses, fish harvesting, and firewood collection. Majority of respondents agreed that wetlands are important and offer various services. Despite the studied wetlands offer numerous benefits to the local communities, they were under human pressure due to farmland expansion, deforestation, expansion of eucalyptus plantation, silting from adjacent farmlands, and overgrazing. Local community has positive attitude towards wetland conservation, and therefore the office of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Forestry and Environmental Protection, and Biodiversity Conservation should work collaboratively to initiate and mobilize local communities to conserve wetlands and to reduce pressures on wetland resources,
Analysis of risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older patients undergoing surgery for oral malignancies
Authors: Wu Yujia , Yu Cong , Gao Feng
Published: May 2022

Background: This study aimed to analyse the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after malignant tumour resection and cervical lymphatic dissection in older adults undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods: A total of 112 older patients (aged≥ 55 years) were selected for extended resection of descending oral malignancies at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2020 to December 2021. Participants were cognitively evaluated using the neuropsychological test scale one day preceding and seven days after the surgery to determine whether they had developed POCD. Based on whether POCD occurred after seven days,patients were divided into the POCD and non-POCD groups. Logistic regression was applied to perioperative factors to analyse the risk factors for POCD onset. Results: Seven days following surgery for oral malignancy, there were 37 (33.1%) POCD morbidities. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR=1.269, 95%CI 1.056-1.525, P<0.05), low education levels (OR=0.792, 95%CI 0.644-0.974, P<0.05), hypertension (OR=4.153, 95%CI1.335-12.732, P<0.05), dyssomnia (OR=1.272, 95%CI 1.001-1.617, P<0.05), prolonged anaesthesia (OR=1.009, 95%CI 1.001-1.018, P<0.05), and intraoperative hypotension (OR=5.512, 95%CI 1.240-24.506, P<0.05) increased the risk of POCD in older patients who underwent surgery for oral malignancies. Conclusion: Venerable age, low knowledge reserve, hypertension, dyssomnia, prolonged anaesthesia, and intraoperative hypotension are independent risk factors for POCD in older patients with oral malignancies.
Refractive index EV sensor based on conventional and mirror image 1D defective photonic crystal designs: Theoretical Study
Authors: Devi Parimala , Awasthi Suneet K. , Alipour-Banaei Hamed , Ramanujam Nambi Ramachary
Published: May 2022

In the present study, we have investigated the sensing and detection mechanism of refractive index for extracellular vesicles from various EV samples by using the conventional and mirror image 1D defective photonic crystal designs. The transfer matrix method has been used to analyze the transmission properties of both structures at normal incidence. The performance of the proposed designs have been verified by measuring the shift in position of the defect mode inside PBGs of respective structures depending upon the change in refractive index of various EV samples and also by comparing the observed data with the experimentally available standard data. Moreover mirror image 1D defective PC design found suitable to be used as an alternative of 1D APC without defect with air core in which propagation of electromagnetic waves is along the radial direction. Finally we have compared the sensing and detection features of both designs made up of a conventional and mirror image 1D defective PCs. It has been noticed that the mirror image defective structure provides a narrow transmission peak of 100% inside the PBG. This remarkable feature of mirror image photonic sensing design may be utilized to develop various sensors ofwith high sensitivity, large values of FOM & Q factors and low LOD values. Such high performance bio-sensor with better achievements may be very useful in chemical and biological detection.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FEATURES OF EARLY AND LATE NEONATAL SEPSIS COURSE AT THE STAGE OF OBSTETRIC INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Kretsu Natalia M. , Koloskova Olena К. , Kozma Oleksiy M.
Published: May 2022

Neonatal sepsis (NS) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. The issue of early diagnosis of a purulent-septic process in newborns using modern research methods that can be used as screening methods for verifying the diagnosis remains relevant.
Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory features of the course of early and late neonatal sepsis to optimize the early diagnosis of infectious-inflammatory process at the stage of obstetric institutions.
Material and methods. To achieve this goal, retrospectively 26 medical records of newborns at the stage of obstetric institutions were analyzed, which were later transferred for treatment to the Regional Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise "Chernivtsi Regional Children's Clinical Hospital" in Chernivtsi with manifestations of generalized infectious-inflammatory process. The first group consisted of 14 (53.8%) newborns diagnosed with early neonatal sepsis; the second group included 12 (46.2%) newborns that were diagnosed with late neonatal sepsis (p > 0.05).
Research results. Peculiarities of the clinical manifestation of the infectious-inflammatory process should be recognized as a combination of several locus of infection, which occurred in group I in 57.1% of cases, in group II – in 16.6% of cases (p < 0.05). Muffled heart sounds at the initial examination and a tendency to thermolability were more common in newborns with early NS: OR – 6.1 (95% CI 2.71–13.92), RR – 1.97 (95% CI 0.97–3.97), AR – 0.39 and OR – 3.6 (95% CI 2.01–6.46), RR – 1.89 (95% CI 1.38–2.58), AR – 0.31.
Conclusion. The analysis revealed that in early neonatal sepsis the risk of detecting muffled heart sounds during auscultation (odds ratio – 6.1), unstable body temperature (odds ratio – 3.6) and absolute leukocyte count > 20.0×109/L is significantly higher (odds ratio – 2.79).
PATTERN OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE AND ITS CORRELATION WITH OUTCOME
Authors:   Post Graduate Trainee, Department of General Medicine, Jorhat Medical College (JMCH), Jorhat, Assam., R.S Ramesh , Sen A.K ,   Professor and HOD, Department of General Medicine, Jorhat Medical College (JMCH), Jorhat, Assam., Malakar Alokjyoti ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, Jorhat Medical College (JMCH), Jorhat, Assam.
Published: May 2022

Background: Acute ischemic stroke is frequently associated with various changes in ECG. Patients of ischemic stroke with ECG changes also have a poor clinical outcome. The objectives were to study the pattern of electrocardiographic changes in acute ischemic stroke and to find the correlation of ECG changes with the outcome of patients with ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional observational study was conducted in 90 patients of acute ischemic stroke with detailed history, Imaging, ECG monitoring and blood investigations. Patients grouped as those with electrocardiographic changes and those without changes. Outcome was assessed by modified NIHSS score. Results: modified National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) was higher in patients having ECG changes with median 12(9, 21.5) for patient with changes, 8(6-10) for patients without changes (p<0.0001). In patients with no ECG changes, score significantly improved from day 1 to 5(p<0.0001) compared to patients with changes who doesnt show any improvement in score(p>0.05). Maximum number of patients were having ECG change of T inversion (25.6%) and QTc prolongation(20.0%). The average duration of hospital stay for patients with ECG change was 8.80 Â± 2.850 in comparison with patients without ECG changes having 7.10 Â± 2.417. Conclusion: Characteristics of ECG changes have important reference value in evaluation of severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. Patients with ECG changes have poor outcome.
An efficient human resource management system model using web-based hybrid technique
Authors: Khan Sania
Published: May 2022

The proliferation of international business activities drives organizations to expand their operations into new areas and propels human resource management (HRM) to ensure hiring and retaining competent personnel. Consequently, firms have been struggling to place qualified people in relevant roles and provide adequate training. This study utilized information technology to solve these challenges using a web-based system to interconnect the processes, receive the data from the job applicants via a web-based interface, and connect them with suitable employment. Firstly, the proposed model presented a hybrid technique of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Cloud Web-based Human Resource Management System (CLWHRMS) by recognizing distinct features and forecasts the candidate’s potential under various classification tasks. For this, the study used a set of various software tools for web pages and database designing, including for the alteration of images. The hybrid model was executed using real-time data of 250 resumes, which were collected through an online database to validate the overall performance of the developed web-based system in terms of its accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Though the specificity was the same with all the techniques, the results illustrated CNN-LSTM technique was 91% accurate and 90% sensitive compared to the traditional methods. This CNN-LSTM model automatically estimates the suitability of a job candidate and projects his/her workability contributing to Saudi Arabian firms to ease and enhance their recruitment process.
AcknowledgmentThis project was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia under the Specialized Research Grant program with Grant No-2021/02/18747.
Treatment of domestic greywater using fly ash as an adsorbent incorporated in a slow sand filtration system
Authors: Siwila Stephen , Kapesa Emmanuel
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the use of fly ash for treatment of domestic greywater when incorporated in a small-scale slow sand filtration (SSF) system. The system was designed, constructed, and tested for treating domestic grey water for irrigation purposes. Configuration A of the system contained sand and gravel only, while configuration B contained fly ash, sand, and gravel. The greywater samples used to test the designed system were collected from the student hostels at the Copperbelt University in Zambia. Additionally, physical and chemical characterisation of the fly ash was done and all key characteristics are presented under the results and discussion section. The system that contained fly ash considerably improved the greywater quality for irrigation purposes by reducing turbidity by 95%, colour by 98%, and chloride by 49% and increasing dissolved oxygen by 33%. However, pH, total dissolved solids, and electrical conductivity were observed to be slightly higher in the treated greywater effluent. The slight increase in these parameters is suspected to have been caused by possible leaching from the the fly ash. Therefore, obtaining fly ash from sources that may not cause any increase in the said parameters in the treated effluent is recommended to maintain compliance with irrigation water quality.
A critical review on clay-based nanocomposite particles for application of wastewater treatment
Authors: Ayalew Adane Adugna
Published: May 2022

Nanotechnology plays an important function in recent environmental aspects for the elimination of contaminants in the ecosystem. In recent times, nano-clay has initiated more concentration because of its distinctive physicochemical properties and characteristics. Recently, many types of research in clay-based nanocomposite were accomplished in the elimination of pollutants from water sources. Nanocomposite materials have advanced properties useful for contaminat removal such as higher surface area, thermal stability, selectivity to remove different contaminants, improved process ability, and fast decontamination. Thus, the development of clay-based composite materials is one of the upcoming directions to use effectively in water and wastewater treatment as adsorbent nanomaterials. This paper assesses the latest achievement in clay-based nanocomposite preparation, material property analysis and function for various pollutant removals. In particular, great consideration was paid to the recent progress in clay/metallic, clay-polymer, and clay-carbon composites presenting their application in the removal of different kinds of pollutants. Moreover, the mechanism of adsorption, the challenges and future perspective were also discussed to reach the optimum performance of the nanomaterials adsorbent. It is confirmed that clay-based nanocomposite materials are more cost-effective technology than conventional treatment methods.
An Experimental Study on the Impact of Incorporating Glass on the Photocatalytic Capacity of Concrete Blocks
Authors: Karthikeyan S.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Today’s world is more concerned about the preservation of natural sources. Consumption of less amount of natural resources in construction activities is equally important as energy saving after construction. To combine both the aspects, one such thing tried in this work is translucent concrete. As everyone knows, concrete is termed as traditional material for a building. The important property hidden in this concrete is light emission. When light hits the concrete, some amount light gets transmitted to the other side of concrete. This characteristic is achievable when optical fibers are included in concrete. Optical fiber is a medium where it is associated with the transmission of information as light pulses along the fiber. In addition, the use of glass as a coarse aggregate is also studied and it also plays a major role in strength of the concrete. Concrete blocks containing glass particles as a partial replacement for coarse aggregates are casted and tested for mechanical properties and light transmission. Results shows the blocks transfer light in an efficient manner without major changes in the strength aspects.
Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibition on Rebar using Pomegranate Peel Extract as Organic Inhibitor
Authors: Jeyanth B.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Concrete is well known for its binding nature and Compressive strength. However, the tensile strength of the concrete is not so sufficient. Hence to improve the tensile nature and to enhance the flexibility in concrete steel rod is introduced as reinforcement. The rebar provides sufficient flexural strength to the concrete. Thus, the reinforced concrete is used in construction for its ease of access and long life. The major issue and problem faced by the rebar in concrete is corrosion which leads to reduction in the strength and age of the structure. The main objective of this research is to provide the protection for steel rebar against corrosion which improves the life of the structure. Many researchers worked on this to find a solution for corrosion. Corrosion inhibitors is one among the best method which helps us to protect the steel against corrosion. The pomegranate fruit which is highly antioxidant can fight against corrosion. An extract was obtained from pomegranate peel powder which can act as an organic inhibitor is used in this research. The inhibitor opted for this study is cheap, economic and renewable since it is organic. In this project the steel was coated with PPE extract and tested in different environment conditions and the efficiency of corrosion control was obtained with impressed voltage current. The result was compared with conventional uncoated rebar. The result proved that PPE is a good natural inhibitor for the steel, and the efficiency of the inhibitor is good enough to resist the corrosion in the rebar.
A Google Trends Approach to Identify Distinct Diurnal and Day-of-Week Web-Based Search Patterns Related to Conjunctivitis and Other Common Eye Conditions: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Deiner Michael S , Kaur Gurbani , McLeod Stephen D , Schallhorn Julie M , Chodosh James , Hwang Daniel H , Lietman Thomas M , Porco Travis C
Published: May 2022

Background

Studies suggest diurnal patterns of occurrence of some eye conditions. Leveraging new information sources such as web-based search data to learn more about such patterns could improve the understanding of patients’ eye-related conditions and well-being, better inform timing of clinical and remote eye care, and improve precision when targeting web-based public health campaigns toward underserved populations.

Objective

To investigate our hypothesis that the public is likely to consistently search about different ophthalmologic conditions at different hours of the day or days of week, we conducted an observational study using search data for terms related to ophthalmologic conditions such as conjunctivitis. We assessed whether search volumes reflected diurnal or day-of-week patterns and if those patterns were distinct from each other.

Methods

We designed a study to analyze and compare hourly search data for eye-related and control search terms, using time series regression models with trend and periodicity terms to remove outliers and then estimate diurnal effects. We planned a Google Trends setting, extracting data from 10 US states for the entire year of 2018. The exposure was internet search, and the participants were populations who searched through Google’s search engine using our chosen study terms. Our main outcome measures included cyclical hourly and day-of-week web-based search patterns. For statistical analyses, we considered P<.001 to be statistically significant.

Results

Distinct diurnal (P<.001 for all search terms) and day-of-week search patterns for eye-related terms were observed but with differing peak time periods and cyclic strengths. Some diurnal patterns represented those reported from prior clinical studies. Of the eye-related terms, “pink eye” showed the largest diurnal amplitude-to-mean ratios. Stronger signal was restricted to and peaked in mornings, and amplitude was higher on weekdays. By contrast, “dry eyes” had a higher amplitude diurnal pattern on weekends, with stronger signal occurring over a broader evening-to-morning period and peaking in early morning.

Conclusions

The frequency of web-based searches for various eye conditions can show cyclic patterns according to time of the day or week. Further studies to understand the reasons for these variations may help supplement the current clinical understanding of ophthalmologic symptom presentation and improve the timeliness of patient messaging and care interventions.
Conceptual Invariance, Trajectories, and Outcome Associations of Working Alliance in Unguided and Guided Internet-Based Psychological Interventions: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Luo Xiaochen , Bugatti Matteo , Molina Lucero , Tilley Jacqueline L , Mahaffey Brittain , Gonzalez Adam
Published: May 2022

Background

The role of working alliance remains unclear for many forms of internet-based interventions (IBIs), a set of effective psychotherapy alternatives that do not require synchronous interactions between patients and therapists.

Objective

This study examined the conceptual invariance, trajectories, and outcome associations of working alliance across an unguided IBI and guided IBIs that incorporated clinician support through asynchronous text messaging or video messaging.

Methods

Adults with high education attainment (n=145) with subclinical levels of anxiety, stress, or depressive symptoms were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment conditions for 7 weeks. All participants received treatments from MyCompass, an unguided IBI using cognitive behavior therapy. Participants in condition 2 and 3 received supplemental, asynchronous clinician support through text and video, respectively. Working alliance with the IBIs was measured weekly using select items from the 12-item version of the Agnew Relationship Measure. Symptom and functional outcomes were assessed at baseline, at the end of treatment, and 1-month follow-up.

Results

Working alliance with the IBIs was conceptually invariant across the 3 conditions. Working alliance followed a quadratic pattern of change over time for all conditions and declined significantly only in the text-support condition. After controlling for baseline symptoms, higher baseline levels of working alliance predicted less depression and less functional impairment at follow-up, whereas faster increases in working alliance predicted less worry at the end of treatment and at follow-up, all of which only occurred in the video-support condition.

Conclusions

Working alliance with the IBIs was generally established in the initial sessions. Although working alliance is conceptually invariant across IBIs with or without clinician support, the associations between working alliance and treatment outcomes among IBIs may differ depending on clinician involvement and the modalities of support.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05122429; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05122429
Đánh giá các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc thực hiện kế hoạch sử dụng đất tại huyện Tân Phước, tỉnh Tiền Giang
Authors: Phạm Thanh Vũ , Nguyen Phan Chi , Nguyễn Thanh Chánh , Lê Quang Trí
Published: May 2022

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá các yếu tố tác động đến việc thực hiện kế hoạch sử dụng đất làm cơ sở đề xuất giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả sử dụng đất tại huyện Tân Phước. Nghiên cứu đã tham vấn 72 chuyên gia để xác định các yếu tố và mức độ tác động bằng phương pháp phân tích thứ bậc (AHP). Kết quả cho thấy đối với nhóm đất nông nghiệp các yếu tố thổ nhưỡng, nguồn nước, khả năng thị trường tiêu thụ, thời tiết, lợi nhuận và giá cả sản phẩm có sự tác động nhiều đến việc thực hiện kế hoạch sử dụng đất. Đối với nhóm đất phi nông nghiệp, yếu tố cung cấp tài chính, khả năng tài chính của chủ đầu tư, người đề xuất thực hiện và chủ dự án thực hiện là những yếu tố được quan tâm nhiều của chuyên gia. Trái lại, yếu tố chính sách xử lý vi phạm ít được quan tâm. Từ đó, 09 giải pháp cho thực hiện kế hoạch sử dụng đất nông nghiệp được đề xuất. Trong đó, giải pháp cải tạo thổ nhưỡng, nguồn nước và thị trường tiêu thụ sản phẩm cần ưu tiên thực hiện. Bên cạnh đó, 11 giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả thực hiện kế hoạch sử dụng đất phi nông nghiệp được đề xuất, trong đó chú trọng các giải pháp về chính sách cung cấp tài chính, khả năng tài chính của chủ đầu tư, người đề xuất thực hiện và chủ thực hiện dự án.
Ứng dụng lý thuyết nền nghiên cứu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thực hiện luận văn của sinh viên Trường Đại học Cần Thơ
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Bình , Nguyễn Trần Khánh Minh , Lê Vân Thủy Tiên , Trần Thị Phụng Hà
Published: May 2022

Cải tiến chất lượng luận văn tốt nghiệp (LVTN) cho sinh viên (SV) khối ngành Khoa học Xã hội và Nhân văn là cần thiết trong bối cảnh các nghiên cứu về lĩnh vực này còn hạn chế tại Trường Đại học Cần Thơ. Lý thuyết nền được ứng dụng để nghiên cứu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc thực hiện LVTN của SV tại Khoa Khoa học Xã hội và Nhân văn và Viện Nghiên cứu Phát triển Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long thông qua khảo sát 20 giảng viên hướng dẫn và 28 SV đã và đang thực hiện LVTN từ tháng 11/2020 đến tháng 01/2021. Kết quả đã xây dựng nên mô hình 4S mô tả các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng LVTN bao gồm nhóm các yếu tố liên quan đến bản thân SV (Student), giảng viên hướng dẫn (Supervisor), nhà trường (School) và xã hội (Society). Dựa trên mô hình 4S, một số đề xuất về các nhóm giải pháp để nâng cao chất lượng LVTN cho SV được đưa ra. Việc áp dụng lý thuyết nền cho thấy đây là một cách tiếp cận phù hợp trong nghiên cứu định tính, có thể vận dụng trong nghiên cứu các vấn đề xã hội và nhân văn tại Trường Đại học Cần Thơ nói riêng và khu vực Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long nói chung.
So sánh hiệu quả đồng vốn của hộ sản xuất lúa theo qui mô đất khác nhau tại huyện Vũng Liêm, tỉnh Vĩnh Long
Authors: Trần Thanh Cầm , Nguyễn Thanh Bình
Published: May 2022

Canh tác lúa là hoạt động sử dụng tài nguyên đất đai lớn nhất ở huyện Vũng Liêm, tỉnh Vĩnh Long nhưng qui mô canh tác không đều ảnh hưởng đến hiệu quả sản xuất. Mục tiêu của bài viết này là so sánh hiệu quả đồng vốn theo qui mô đất của mô hình sản xuất lúa ba vụ thông qua phỏng vấn 90 nông dân tại huyện Vũng Liêm, chia thành 3 nhóm theo qui mô đất ít, trung bình và nhiều. Thống kê mô tả và phân tích phương sai một nhân tố được sử dụng để phân tích và so sánh dữ liệu thu thập. Kết quả cho thấy trồng lúa mang lại lợi nhuận và việc làm cho nông dân. Hiệu quả đồng vốn có tính công lao động nhà tăng dần từ 0,65 ở nhóm đất ít lên 0,77 ở nhóm đất trung bình và 0,88 ở nhóm đất nhiều (P<0,05). Như vậy, tăng qui mô đất trên hộ là một trong những giải pháp để tăng hiệu quả đồng vốn. Tuy nhiên, điều này cần phải cân nhắc vì nhóm đất ít sẽ mất cơ hội sử dụng lao động nhà. Do đó, cần có chính sách hỗ trợ cho việc mở rộng qui mô diện tích, song song đó là các chính sách tạo việc làm cho những nông dân canh tác lúa đất ít, lớn tuổi, trình độ thấp chuyển đổi sang các hoạt động sinh kế phù hợp.
Điều khiển cánh tay robot SCARA hai bậc tự do dựa trên giải thuật PID mờ
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng Dũng , Nguyễn Khánh Trân , Đái Tiến Trung , Phan Hoài Loan
Published: May 2022

Bài báo trình bày phương pháp thiết kế cơ khí của robot 2 bậc tự do (degree of freedom, DOF) dạng SCARA (Selective Compliance Articulated Robot Arm) được điều khiển bằng giải thuật PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) mờ để hỗ trợ bệnh nhân sau đột quỵ tập vật lí trị liệu. Giải thuật mờ Fuzzy và thuật toán PID được dùng để điều khiển hệ tay máy hai bậc tự do dựa trên cơ sở việc học và lặp lại các động tác tập. Loadcell sử dụng trong thiết kế được dùng để đo lực của quá trình vận động tay. Các giải thuật được xây dựng dựa trên phần mềm SIMULINK của MATLAB và kết nối với kit Arduino để điều khiển cánh tay robot. Quỹ đạo trong việc lặp lại động tác học so với quỹ đạo học có độ phù hợp 79,85% đối với khớp 1 và 76,95% đối với khớp 2. Kết quả của nghiên cứu này là cơ sở ban đầu để mở rộng nhiều bậc tự do cho cánh tay robot để hỗ trợ bệnh nhân tập vật lí trị liệu hiệu quả hơn nữa.
Hiệu quả của vi khuẩn cố định đạm sinh học đến sự sinh trưởng và năng suất bắp tại tỉnh Đồng Tháp
Authors: Thái Thành Được , Nguyễn Hữu Hiệp
Published: May 2022

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm mục tiêu đánh giá hiệu quả của hai dòng vi khuẩn cố định đạm lên sinh trưởng và năng suất bắp lai NK7328. Hai dòng vi khuẩn cố định đạm phân lập từ rễ cây bắp được nhân sinh khối và chủng với than bùn tạo chế phẩm VK1 và VK2. Một thí nghiệm trong nhà lưới với 15 nghiệm thức được bố trí theo thể thức hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên và ngoài đồng gồm 20 nghiệm thức được bố trí theo thể thức khối hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên. Nghiệm thức sắp xếp với lượng đạm tăng dần từ 0% N, 25% N, 50% N, 75% N, 100% N. Chủng vi khuẩn kết hợp bón đạm với nền lân và phân kali theo công thức khuyến cáo 180 kg N+135 kg P2O5+90 kg K2O/ha. Kết quả cho ta thấy ở nghiệm thức chủng vào đất với vi khuẩn cố định đạm kết hợp bón 75% NPK giúp chiều cao, đường kính gốc thân, chỉ số diệp lục ở lá, số lá, khối lượng chất khô, khối lượng 1000 hạt và năng suất hạt bắp tương đương với nghiệm thức chỉ bón 100% NPK. Như vậy, việc chủng vi khuẩn Bacillus aryabhattai ADR3 và Klebsiella pneumoniae DNR5 vào hạt bắp giúp tiết kiệm đến 25% lượng phân đạm cho cây bắp lai.
Hiệu quả tài chính và tính ổn định của mô hình tôm-rừng ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long
Authors: Nguyễn Hồng Tín , Phạm Anh Du , Hồ Chí Thịnh , Châu Mỹ Duyên , Hoàng Văn Long , Nguyễn Văn Mỹ
Published: May 2022

Tôm-rừng là mô hình sản xuất thuận thiên, phù hợp ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Việc xác định hiệu quả và tính ổn định của mô hình làm tham chiếu cho qui hoạch sản xuất là rất cần thiết. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại xã Long Vĩnh, huyện Duyên Hải, tỉnh Trà Vinh và xã Viên An, Viên An Đông và Rạch Gốc, huyện Ngọc Hiển, tỉnh Cà Mau trong năm 2019-2020 nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả và tính ổn định của mô hình tôm-rừng. Cách tiếp cận có sự tham gia thông qua phỏng vấn người am hiểu, thảo luận nhóm và phỏng vấn 200 nông dân được thực hiện. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy mô hình tôm-rừng có ưu điểm chi phí đầu tư thấp, đa dạng nguồn thu, ít rủi ro và bền vững về môi trường. Song, hạn chế của mô hình là hiệu quả tài chính thấp và sự ổn định không cao. Khó khăn chính của mô hình là con giống kém chất lượng, dịch bệnh, kỹ thuật nuôi của nông dân hạn chế, hệ thống hạ tầng giới hạn, tác động của biến đổi khí hậu và năng suất thấp.
Các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định chuyển đổi sử dụng thuốc bảo vệ thực vật hóa học sang thuốc sinh học của nông hộ trồng lúa ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long
Authors: Khổng Tiến Dũng
Published: May 2022

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu thực trạng và xác định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định chuyển đổi từ thuốc bảo vệ thực vật hóa học sang thuốc sinh học của hộ trồng lúa ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Dữ liệu được thu thập bằng phỏng vấn trực tiếp 180 nông hộ thuộc 3 tỉnh/thành gồm An Giang, Cần Thơ và Sóc Trăng đại diện cho 3 vùng sản xuất lúa điển hình trong khu vực. Phương pháp thống kê mô tả, thang đo Likert và mô hình Logit được sử dụng để phân tích dữ liệu. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy tín hiệu tốt với hơn 60% nông hộ được khảo sát sẵn sàng chuyển đổi. Ngoài ra, mô hình Logit chỉ rõ nhân tố học vấn và sự nhận biết về thuốc sinh học làm tăng xác suất đồng ý chuyển đổi của nông hộ, trong khi tuổi chủ hộ làm giảm xác suất này. Dựa trên kết quả nghiên cứu và phân tích SWOT, một số giải pháp và hàm ý chính sách được đề xuất nhằm mục đích giảm lượng thuốc bảo vệ thực vật hóa học và tạo động cơ chuyển đổi sang thuốc sinh học cho nông dân.
Perspectiva de la educación superior en México 2030
Authors: Pedroza Flores René , Reyes Fabela Ana María
Published: May 2022

En este artículo, la educación superior en México es nuestro objeto de estudio. Nos proponemos explicar la tendencia de la política de educación superior hacia el año 2030. Empezamos por las recomendaciones de los organismos internacionales para la educación superior en el mundo; después, trabajamos el contexto social y económico de la educación superior en México; y finalizamos con la perspectiva de la educación superior en México hacia el año 2030. Argumentamos la continuación de la política neoliberal de educación superior, bajo la lógica del capitalismo académico, que incluye principalmente temas económicos y sociales como la calidad, equidad, evaluación y financiamiento, sin enfatizar en los temas de la sostenibilidad como el cuidado de la vida planetaria, calentamiento global, reducción de C02 y cambio climático.
Minsky: Ciclo económico, inestabilidad financiera y política económica
Authors: Díaz Bustos Yamil Omar , Martínez Marca José Luis
Published: May 2022

Hasta fines del año 2019, un poco antes de que se sintieran los efectos globales de la COVID-19, las economías capitalistas más desarrolladas del mundo no mostraban signos de recuperación; por el contrario, parecía que su destino era una nueva recesión. Como se sabe, después del inicio de la crisis en Estados Unidos, en 2007, las propuestas de política institucional y económica de Hyman Minsky se han reexaminado en un contexto diferente. En este documento se describen e interpretan algunas de sus principales propuestas que se han retomado para explicar el ciclo económico, las crisis económicas y la política económica. Minsky consideró que la inestabilidad financiera es inherente al sistema capitalista, porque la propia estabilidad del sistema es en sí misma desestabilizadora. Es importante conocer las propuestas de su enfoque, ya que es una alternativa interesante y valiosa a la teoría convencional prevaleciente, que no pudo vislumbrar los problemas recesivos o la crisis económica de la primera década de este siglo.
Los principios de interdependencia y unidad congruente en la investigación jurídica pluridimensional
Authors: Ruiz Charre Omar Rafael
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar los principios de interdependencia y unidad congruente de la investigación jurídica pluridimensional (IJP), cuyas notas características se precisan, para demostrar que este conocimiento podría mejorar lo epistémico y metodológico de las investigaciones jurídicas interconectadas con otros saberes. El diseño de la investigación se funda en el análisis y en los principios de interdependencia y unidad congruente de la investigación (mediante su conexión con las filosofías de la ciencia, de las ciencias sociales y del derecho), así como en el método sincrético y en la técnica documental. El resultado fue la construcción de herramientas analíticas que subyacen, se utilizan y funcionan en las investigaciones jurídicas, lo cual demuestra su utilidad práctica. La originalidad del artículo radica en asociar ideas existentes en distintos campos del conocimiento para crear herramientas de un marco teórico aplicable al nuevo paradigma de la IJP. El propósito y el diseño del artículo explican la abundancia de citas bibliográficas, cuyas ideas se recuperan de diversas fuentes.