bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAUSALITY INFLATION-RELATIVE ,PRICES: COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE FROM LATIN-AMERICA
Authors: Dabús Carlos , Cerioni Liliana
Published: July 2016

In this paper we study the causality in the relation between inflation and relative price variability for six Latin-American countries with inflationary history: Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Mexico, Uruguay and Venezuela. The study is carried out in the framework of four inflationary regimes: moderate, high, very high and hyperinflation. There is a positive relation in most cases, with a systematic increase of price variability at higher inflation. Inflation volatility and the dummies that represent the regime of inflation are the best explanatory variables of relative price variability, while the causality analysis shows two main results: instantaneous causality and a Granger causality relation from inflation to price variability. In all cases the effect of inflation on relative prices is more significant in extreme inflation, so that the non-neutrality of inflation seems to be increasing with the level of inflation.
Error and Model Misspecification in ARFIMA Process
Authors: Reisen Valderio A. , Sena Jr. Manoel R. , Lopes Silvia R. C .
Published: July 2016

In developing the long and short memory estimation, it is usually assumed that the innovations in the ARFIMA model are normally distributed. However, circumstances may occur where this assumption is not true. This paper uses Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the robustness of different estimators of the fractional parameter in stationary and invertible ARFIMA processes to the misspecification of the error distribution. In particular, we consider misspecification against heavy-tailed, skewed and bimodal distributions. The study is also extended for the incorrect ARFIMA specification.
Job Placement: Gender Differences and Consequences on Welfare
Authors: De Barros Ricardo Paes , Corseuil Carlos Henrique , Dos Santos Daniel Domingues , Firpo Sergio Pinheiro
Published: July 2016

In the recent period, the qualitative dimension of the women participation in the labor force has improved quickly, in response to cultural and economic changes. In Brazil, many authors have pointed that women have a higher level of schooling than men, which should result, ceteris paribus, in better professional opportunities. However people claim that it is not observed neither in Brazil nor anywhere else, which results in a welfare loss. It's interesting to study how t he welfare would change if t he women and men have the same chances in the job market. In this paper, we propose how to simulate this hypothetical world. We found that the increase in t he women's participation in the labor market would generate just an insignificant effect over the familiar welfare
Review of major results of Martingale theory applied to the valuation of contingent claims
Authors: Neto Cícero Augusto Vieira , Pereira Pedro L. Valls
Published: July 2016

This article condenses the theory for the valuation of contingent claims in complete and arbitrage-free markets by means of martingales The main focus is centered on markets in which it is possible to negotiate at any time; that is, markets whose history takes place at a continuous time.
Equilibrium in stochastic economies with incomplete financial markets
Authors: Barbachan José Fajardo
Published: July 2016

We construct a representative agent supporting regular equilibria in a stochastic economy with more than two agents. Then we give conditions for the existence of equilibria. In this way we extend the results of Cuoco and He (1994).
Unemployment insurance and transitions in the labor market: An evaluation of the Brazilian program
Authors: Chahad José Paulo Zeetano , Fernandes Reynaldo
Published: July 2016

This paper utilizes microsimulation techniques to evaluate the impact of the Brazilian Unemployment Insurance (UI) program on individual transitions among different labor market states in order to verify whether the UI affects the duration of spells and/or their frequencies. We define four labor market states: formal employment, informal employment, unemployment, and inactivity. Our main result is that the UI impact occurs fundamentally on the inactivity of nauheads of family. The UI benefits increase both the duration and frequency of the non-head's inactivity. This happens probably because non-heads have, on average, lower wages and, therefore, a smaller importance in family income and a higher replacement rate. Our evidence does not support the hypothesis that the rise in non-head's inactivity occurs due to head's benefits.
Additive nonparametric regression estimation via backfitting and marginal integration: Small sample performance
Authors: Da Silva Fernando A. Boeira Sabino
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we conducted a Monte Carlo investigation to reveal some characteristics of finite sample distributions of the Backfitting (B) and Marginal Integration (MI) estimators for an additive bivariate regression. We are particularly interested in providing some evidence on how the different methods for the selection of bandwidth, such as the plug-in method, influence the finite sample properties of the MI and B estimators. We are also interested in providing evidence on the behavior of different bandwidth estimators relatively to the optimal sequence that minimizes a chosen loss function. The impact of ignoring the dependency between regressors is also investigated. Finally, differently from what occurs at the present time, when the B and MI estimators are used ad-hoc, our objective is to provide information that allows for a more accurate comparison of these two competing alternatives in a finite sample setting.
Effects of Trade Policy on Technology Adoption and Investment
Authors: Teixeira Arilton
Published: July 2016

This paper studies the consequences of trade policy for the adoption of new technologies. It develops a dynamic international trade model with two sectors. Workers in manufacturing decide if new technologies are used, capital owners then choose investment. We analyze three different arrangements: free trade, tariffs, and quotas. In the model, free trade or low tariffs guarantee that the most productive technology available will be used. In contrast, under a quota or high tariffs the most productive technology available will not be used at all times. Further, in the latter case investment, capital-labor ratio and GDP per capita are smaller than in the former one.
A Competitive Growth Model with Endogenous Fertility
Authors: Veloso Fernando A.
Published: July 2016

This paper investigates the interaction between endogenous fertility behavior and the distribution of income and wealth among families in a competitive market economy. We construct a growth model in which altruistic dynasties are heterogeneous in their initial stocks of physical capital. Dynasties make choices of family size along with decisions about consumption and intergenerational transfers. We show that, if the degree of altruism per child is decreasing in the number of children and if preferences over the number of children satisfy a normality assumption, all steady states are characterized by equality of capital stocks and consumption among families. We also show that specific functional forms for the utility function used in the fertility literature, including Becker and Barro (1988), Barro and Becker (1989), Benhabib and Nishimura (1993) and Lucas (2002), are special cases of the preference specification used in this paper. Hence, they also generate egalitarian steady states.
Optimal Portfolio Structuring in Emerging Stock Markets Using Robust Statistics
Authors: Reyna Fernando R. Q. , Júnior Antonio M. Duarte , Mendes Beatriz V. M. , Porto Oscar
Published: July 2016

Emerging markets are known to have unique characteristics when compared to more developed markets. The direct use of standard mathematical models proposed and tested in more developed markets is not always recommended in emerging markets. Extreme events in emerging markets have already been verified to distort the results obtained when using standard mathematical models in several situations, including optimal portfolio structuring. Practitioners working in the asset management industry in emerging markets have not yet incorporated optimization models into their routine. One of the reasons for that is that extreme events and/or economic discontinuities (such as the Brazilian and the Argentinean devaluation crises etc.) modify the financial environment in such a way that past data become of little use when looking forward. In this article we concentrate on proposing a methodology to handle extreme events. Two numerical examples taken from the Brazilian stock market are used to illustrate the use of our proposal.
Regress and Progress! An Econometric Characterization of the Short-Run Relationship between Productivity and Labor Input in Brazil
Authors: Magalhães Matheus Albergaria de , Picchetti Paulo
Published: July 2016

What do technology shocks do? This is a hard question to answer. Real-Business-Cycle (RBC) models have provided a better understanding of the effects of technology shocks over business-cycle frequencies. Still, some problems remain. This paper addresses the empirical adequacy of first-generation RBC models through the use of structural vector autoregressions (SVAR) models. We employ an identification condition that imposes few a priori restrictions upon the data and is consistent with a broad class of macroeco- nomic models. Based on those conditions, we are able to obtain conditional correlation coefficients and impulse response functions that may be confronted with the theoretical implications of RBC models. We also report evidence related to short-run increasing returns to labor (SRIRL) in the Brazilian industry. Our results cast doubt on some RBC models’ main predictions. In particular, the estimated conditional correlations between labor input and productivity measures are negative for technology shocks and positive for non-technology shocks, with the labor input displaying a negative response to technol- ogy shocks over business-cycle horizons. These results are robust to several specification issues, such as sample instability and the consideration of higher-order systems during estimation.
Transformação de valores em preços: uma resenha
Authors: Nonnenberg Marcelo José Braga
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this paper is to survey the main contributions made on the subject Known as the transformation of values into prices of production. First, we summarize Marx's original proposition in "Capital" and how the apparent contradiction emerges between the value and price systems and Marx's own resolution of it. Next we present the several criticisms and alternative ways to transform "correctly" values into prices. Some considerations on the significance of this subject are made at the end of the paper.
Policy complementarity and conflict in regionally disaggregated macroeconomic models: an example from the brazilian experience
Authors: Harber Jr. Richard P.
Published: July 2016

In this paper, the interrelated nature of the growth and regional inequality goals is examined. Then we analise the interdependencies between simultaneous pursuit of national growth and regional equality, and the possible complementarity or conflicting results of exogenous events and macroeconomic policies toward those ends. These interdependecies are ilustrated through the use of a simple two-region aggregated demand model. As an application of the previous analysis a case study of Brazil's experience during the 1960's and 1970's is presented.
Inflação, salário real e poder de compra
Authors: Rivano Neantro Saavedra
Published: July 2016

The paper identifies some of the main effects on average real wages (or purchasing power) of an inflationary environment. Under the assumption of a fixed-frequency system for wage readjustments, a methodology is developed to divide the loss in purchasing power according to its various cause. The analysis is applied to the case of Brazilian wage earners and, in particular, to the case of the civil servants of the Federal Government during the years 1980-84.
Mercadoria padrão e taxa de lucro: uma controvérsia recente
Authors: Cuevas Homero , Hoffmann Rodolfo , Rosinger Jean-Luc
Published: July 2016

The November, 1984, issue of this Review published a note by H. Cuevas "On Sraffa's 'Standard Commodity' and the Rate of Profit" giving rise to a number of comments in disagreement with Professor Cuevas conclusions. Given the relevance of the debate and the quality of the correspondence received by the Editor, the most representative notes are published in this issue of our Review of Eeonometrics: R. Hoffmann's initial comment, H. Cuevas reply, R. Hoffmann's further comments and, finally, a note by J. Rosinger which adds new observations regarding the role of non-basics in the determination of the rate of profit.
Simulação econométrica de estoques reguladores mundiais para cacau
Authors: Vellutini Roberto de Arnaldo Silva , Alba Pedro
Published: July 2016

This study evaluates alternative buffer stock policies for cocoa as an instrument to stabilize world market prices over the 1977-96 period. An econometric madel that explains production, stocks, demand and equilibrium prices was used in the simulation of the alternative policy scenarios. The policy simulations performed with the model determine a buffer stock intervention. (withdraw or sale) under two alternative criteria: when actual prices are different from target prices, and when they fall outside an established band of the target prices (within which they are allowed to vary). Two types of target prices were defined: a fixed one and a three-year moving average of actual prices. The results of the study show that the target price 1s an important factor in determining the amount of cocoa stocks accumulated during the 20-year period. The policy which combines a moving average target price with a twenty percent price range results in the minimum accumulation of cocoa stocks. The study also shows that the rate of growth of income in the importing countries has a significant impact on the ammount of cocoa stocks which are accumulated.
Utilização da curva de pareto truncada para estimar a renda total de estratos·
Authors: Hoffmann Rodolfo
Published: July 2016

Frequently we need to estimate total income for each income class from data reporting the number of persons in each class. This estimation is particularly difficult for the highest income class, without a finite upper limit. In many cases the use of the two-parameter Pareto curve will overstimate the mean income of this class. This paper shows how the truncated Pareto curve can be used to more correctly estimate the total income of the higher income classes. The method is applied in an analysis of the incorne distribution among economically active persons in brazilian agriculture in 1980, classified as employees, employers ar autonomous (self-employed).
Aggregate demand for narrow and broad money: a study for the brazilian economy (1970-1983)
Authors: Guilhoto Joaquim J. M.
Published: July 2016

To study the aggregate demand for narrow and broad money for the Brazilian economy in its most recent period, 1970 to 1983, a basic model was developed. From this model, which is a restricted one, an unrestricted model was derived. Using information from both models, the unrestricted model was used to derive a common factor model as well as a first differences model. The best results are attained with the common factor model.
Ajustamento sazonal do IPC: simulações e análise
Authors: Melo Francisco de Assis Moura de , Mayer Maria Martha Malard
Published: July 2016

O índice de Preços ao Consumidor (IPC) mede as variações dos preços no varejo, comparando, ao longo do tempo, custo de uma cesta fixa de bens e serviços, definida a partir das despesas efetuadas pela população objetivo em determinado período base.
A demanda de serviço de telex nacional: um estudo econométrico
Authors: Arteiro Helio Lechuga
Published: July 2016

This article aims to develop a specification of an econometric madel in order to understand better the variables that determine the demand for Telex service in Brazil.
On the robustness of the corrected least squares (cols) estimator for the tobit model
Authors: Stengos Thanasis
Published: July 2016

We provide an alternative derivation for the simple moment estimator first developed by Greene. Our derivation is based on a Taylor series approximation to the population regression function. Our sampling experiments suggest that this estimator, although in general inconsistent is quite well-behaved and robust to different distributional assumptions regarding the exogenous variables, provided that the latter have not been generated from highly skewed distributions.
El proceso inflacionario Argentino 1978-1986: un estudio econométrio
Authors: Balacco Hugo R. , Navarro Alfredo M.
Published: July 2016

An analysis is made of the inflationary process in Argentina between 1978 and 1986, by means of the econometric technique known as Vector Auto-Regression (VAR). The variables studied are the rate of change of prices, money and type of exchange, real wages and level of activity. The results show that the behaviour of the rate of inflation follows the inertial pattern, and that money behaves in an endogenous manner. The exchange rate and level of activity affect real wages. The economic programme of June 1985 produced some changes in the relationship between the variables. The inflationary process could prove to be unstable at high rates of inflation.
Seasonal adjustment of brazilian time series
Authors: Hotta Luiz Koodi
Published: July 2016

Although seasonal adjustment of economic time series has been officially adopted by most of the developed countries agencies, the same is not true for the developing countries. One of the main reasons is the substantial structural changes that are normally present in these countries time series, which would prevent the utilization of automatic methods like X-ll and X-ll ARIMA programs. This paper analyses several Brazilian social and economic time series in order to check if they have the seasonal characteristcs expected to be found by these methods. Most of the analysis relies on the diagnostics provided by the program. The results indicate that the majority of the series are good candidates for seasonal adjustment .
Notas sobre vectores autoregressivos (V. A. R.)
Authors: Aubone Aníbal
Published: July 2016

This paper presents an introduction to vector autoregression (V AR) models. It is concerned with some points that are basic to an understanding af this type of model.
Combined Tests of The Fisher and Expectation Hypothesis
Authors: Garcia Raúl
Published: July 2016

The role played by in inflationary expectations in the detennination of nominal rates of interest is evaluated within the framework of the Fischer and Expectation Theory of the term structure of interest rates for Argentina during the period June 1977 - June 1982. The Fisher Hypotesis is utilized to provide a decomposition of a n-period nominal interest rate into the average of expected changes in the inflation rate an of the ex-ante real rate of interest. Furthermore, economic agents are assumed to fonn rational expectations on the exogenous variables of the economy. This latter assumption together with the Fisher and Expectations Hypotesis imply a set of nonlinear restrictions among the parameters of the model utilized to approximate the way in which those expectations are formed. The nonlinear restrictions are evaluated by means of the Wald test wich only requires estimation of the unrestricted model. The tests conducted do not reject, in almost all cases, the hypothesis, whether both hypothesis are simultaneously or separately held.
The Corporate Veil Revisited
Authors: Garcia Márcio Gomes Pinto
Published: July 2016

The need to boost the saving rate in the U.S. brought renewed attention to the corporate veil topic. If the mere fact of carrying wealth through the corporate threshold can affect private saving and personal consumption, then tax changes, as the 1986 tax reform, may have very deleterious effects. The issue in question is whether a $1 reduction in corporate saving, given constant wealth, is matched exactly by a $1 increase in personal saving, leaving private saving and personal consumption unchanged. The literature is surveyed and one extension using aggregate data is carried out. Unfortunately, no clear cut answer can be obtained with the use of aggregate data due to theoretical and empirical problems. A proposal to further investigate the topic using micro data is outlined.
Research Roundup
Authors: Cowan Helen
Published: July 2016

Helen Cowan presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected. A full reference is provided for those who wish to take a look at the research in further detail
Diagnosis and management of angina for the cardiac nurse
Authors: Bellchambers Julie , Deane Sally , Pottle Alison
Published: July 2016

The burden of treating stable angina is vast, as it is estimated that almost 2 million people currently have or have had angina in the UK ( Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC), 2006 ). Angina is the main symptom of myocardial ischaemia, usually caused by atherosclerotic obstructive coronary artery disease, restricting bloodflow and therefore oxygen delivery to the heart muscle ( National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2011 ). Characteristic features of stable angina include tightness or heaviness across the chest, which can radiate to the left arm, neck, jaw and back. However, it is important to be aware that some people present with atypical symptoms. A diagnosis of stable angina can be based on clinical assessment alone or with the addition of diagnostic testing. Diagnosic tests used in this instance can include: exercise testing, computerised tomography (CT), myocardial perfusion scanning and stress echocardiography, in addition to blood tests and electrocardiogram which all patients will undergo. Management of angina includes medical therapy, the aim of which is to help reduce symptoms and prevent cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke ( Montalescot et al, 2013 ). Guidelines on stable angina by NICE (2011) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) ( Montalescot et al, 2013 ) provide us with recommendations on which medications should be prescribed. Lifestyle changes are a key aspect of angina management: namely in the areas of diet, exercise, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and psychological issues.
Radionuclide testing for coronary heart disease
Authors: Jane Palmer Sarah
Published: July 2016

This section presents a concise overview of the conditions, treatments and clinical procedures in the field of cardiovascular care. This ‘back-to-basics’ article aims to refresh nurses' knowledge on correct theory and practice, as well as introduce students and junior nurses to aspects of practice
Letters to the Editor
Authors: Oakey Amanda , Brady Chris
Published: July 2016

MA Education Ltd, St Jude's Church, Dulwich Road, London, SE24 0PB. neil.henty@markallengroup.com
Reimagining childcare policy
Authors: Lawson Deborah
Published: July 2016

Given the right conditions, funding and incentives, our diverse early years sector can expand and deliver the best high quality early education. But we need a coherent policy and sufficient investment.
Getting out for the count
Authors: Sargent Marianne
Published: July 2016

Children develop mathematical sense by trying things out and playing with ideas. The outdoor environment is the ideal arena for planning activities that would otherwise be impractical indoors
Is modern management of fistula-in-ano acceptable?
Authors: Oldfield Frances , Gilbert Timothy , Skaife Paul
Published: July 2016

Fistula-in-ano has been managed by a number of techniques and there remains no consensus on the most appropriate management for all patients. The mainstay of any treatment balances the need to control sepsis vs the risk of potential incontinence post-intervention. Management should focus on the primary source of sepsis.
Digital clubbing: forms, associations and pathophysiology
Authors: Dubrey Simon , Pal Shrestha , Singh Sarneet , Karagiannis Georgios
Published: July 2016

Among proposed mechanisms to explain digital clubbing, the release of cytokines, specifically vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor, from aggregated platelets and megakaryocytes has emerged as the most likely explanation. This review describes these and other contributory processes.
Which factors most influence demand for ambulances in South West England?
Authors: Chalk Daniel , Black Sarah , Pitt Martin
Published: July 2016

Ambulance demand in South West England is increasing year-on-year, but the driving forces behind such increases are poorly understood. We developed a system dynamics model to simulate the factors that influence a call being made for an ambulance. We used data from the South West Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (SWAST), the Office of National Statistics (ONS) and quantitative relationship data in both national and international literature to parameterise the model. We compared predicted ambulance demand over 12 months in the base case model with scenarios in which each influencing factor was removed in turn.

The model predicts that the prevalence of regular falls among older people most influences the level of demand for ambulances. The model also predicts that the number of users of adult mental health services could be a significant contributor to ambulance demand.

Additional focus on, and investment in, falls prevention strategies could help to significantly alleviate increasing levels of demand for ambulance services in South West England. Additionally, efforts to understand why those with mental health needs tend to use ambulances more than those without such needs could also be beneficial.
A guide to lower urinary tract symptoms in women
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: July 2016

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in women and affect quality of life. This article aims to enable readers to recognise, investigate and, whenever possible, address LUTS in women. It also aims to enable readers to recognise red flag symptoms and to act on these. A stepwise approach is normally utilised. This article outlines the role of the practice nurse and explains when onward referral is appropriate.
Chylopericardium presenting as cardiac tamponade secondary to mediastinal lymphangioma
Authors: Alsmady MM , Aladaileh MA , Al-Zaben K , Saleem MM , Alimoglu O
Published: July 2016

Mediastinal lymphangioma is a rare entity and chylopericardium is a rare form of pericardial effusion. We report a case of acute chylous cardiac tamponade due to a cervicomediastinal lymphangioma in a one-year-old boy. A chest x-ray revealed marked cardiac enlargement and echocardiography showed massive pericardial effusion. Emergency surgery was performed whereby a pericardial window was created, followed by excision of the lymphangioma.
Dobutamine stress echocardiography resulting in acute gastric dilatation and pneumoporta
Authors: Williamson JML , Mahon D
Published: July 2016

Acute gastric dilatation is a rare cause of gas within the hepatic portal vein, but one that is important to recognise as prompt decompression via a nasogastric tube is usually successful in resolving the situation. We report the rare case of a 68-year-old man with spontaneous acute gastric dilatation 50 minutes after a dobutamine stress echo that resulted in pneumoporta. The patient had a Nissen’s fundoplication 18 months previously; patients with previous antireflux surgery or who have a degree of gastric outlet obstruction may be at increased risk of this unusual condition. Conservative management, with placement of a nasogastric tube was successful in resolving his symptoms.
Analytical Bias Exceeding Desirable Quality Goal in 4 out of 5 Common Immunoassays: Results of a Native Single Serum Sample External Quality Assessment Program for Cobalamin, Folate, Ferritin, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, and Free T4 Analyses
Authors: Kristensen Gunn B B , Rustad Pål , Berg Jens P , Aakre Kristin M
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND

We undertook this study to evaluate method differences for 5 components analyzed by immunoassays, to explore whether the use of method-dependent reference intervals may compensate for method differences, and to investigate commutability of external quality assessment (EQA) materials.

METHODS

Twenty fresh native single serum samples, a fresh native serum pool, Nordic Federation of Clinical Chemistry Reference Serum X (serum X) (serum pool), and 2 EQA materials were sent to 38 laboratories for measurement of cobalamin, folate, ferritin, free T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by 5 different measurement procedures [Roche Cobas (n = 15), Roche Modular (n = 4), Abbott Architect (n = 8), Beckman Coulter Unicel (n = 2), and Siemens ADVIA Centaur (n = 9)]. The target value for each component was calculated based on the mean of method means or measured by a reference measurement procedure (free T4). Quality specifications were based on biological variation. Local reference intervals were reported from all laboratories.

RESULTS

Method differences that exceeded acceptable bias were found for all components except folate. Free T4 differences from the uncommonly used reference measurement procedure were large. Reference intervals differed between measurement procedures but also within 1 measurement procedure. The serum X material was commutable for all components and measurement procedures, whereas the EQA materials were noncommutable in 13 of 50 occasions (5 components, 5 methods, 2 EQA materials).

CONCLUSIONS

The bias between the measurement procedures was unacceptably large in 4/5 tested components. Traceability to reference materials as claimed by the manufacturers did not lead to acceptable harmonization. Adjustment of reference intervals in accordance with method differences and use of commutable EQA samples are not implemented commonly.
Prevalência dos Sinais e Sintomas Osteomoleculares em cirurgiões Dentistas
Authors: Landim Lívia Maria Dos Santos , Lopes Cristiane Marinho Uchôa , Sousa Gledson Fernandes de , Oliveira Sidney Medeiros de , Vieira Anny Caroline Costa , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira , Fechine Elisian Macêdo
Published: July 2016

O DORT é definido pela Previdência Social (1998) como um conjunto de afecções relacionadas com as atividades laborativas na qual acometem músculos, tendões, fáscias musculares, ligamentos, articulações, nervos e vasos sanguíneos. O aparecimento dos sintomas osteomusculares vem aumentando mundialmente e, no Brasil, começou a adquirir expressão em número e relevância social, a partir da década de 80, tornando um grave problema de saúde pública e social em função da sua abrangência e magnitude. Os cirurgiões-dentistas são constantemente submetidos a fatores de riscos para o aparecimento de lesão relacionado ao trabalho, o que torna relevante a realização desta pesquisa. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a prevalência dos sinais e sintomas osteomusculares em cirurgiões-dentistas da cidade de Barbalha, Ceará. A metodologia foi realizada pelo estudo quantitativo. A população analisada foi composta por cirurgiões-dentistas (n=25), atuantes na cidade de Barbalha e para a coleta foi aplicado o questionário Nórdico para sintomas osteomusculares e outro para a verificação do grau de conhecimento do profissional em relação ao DORT, como também, verificar os principais procedimentos clínicos dos cirurgiões-dentistas que produzem algias. No resultado e na discussão, pode-se observar um dado preocupante encontrado na pesquisa que diz respeito que estes trabalham mais de um turno e que 40% dos entrevistados apresentavam sinais e sintomas osteomusculares, com freqüência nos membros superiores e 36% em coluna dorsal, lombar e membros inferiores. O procedimento com maior índice de algia é a extração. Dentre as patologias, a tendinite foi a mais diagnosticada. Conclui-se de acordo com os resultados, que os cirurgiões-dentistas atuantes na cidade de Barbalha estão expostos a fatores de riscos para o aparecimento de DORT.
Convivência e Manejo dos Resíduos Sólidos: Uma Análise da Gestão Ambiental em Campos Sales-CE
Authors: Alencar Maria de Nazaré Antão de , Feitosa Anny Kariny , Batista Vanda Lúcia Roseno
Published: July 2016

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar a gestão dos resíduos sólidos na cidade de Campos Sales-CE. Para tanto, realizou-se um de estudo de caso, no qual foram utilizados os instrumentos: análise documental, visitas ao lixão, entrevistas a catadores de resíduos e aplicação de questionários junto à população. Constatou-se que o município possui um Plano de Gerenciamento Integrado de Resíduos Sólidos Urbano, desde 2008, entretanto, a prática na gestão e gerenciamento dos resíduos não atende às exigências da Lei Federal nº 12.305/10. A disposição final dos resíduos é realizada em um vazadouro a céu aberto; no lixão foram identificados catadores que sobrevivem da catação de recicláveis, atuando informalmente, sem receber apoio ou orientação por parte do setor público ou empresa especializada com relação ao uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual – EPI; a população desconhece a legislação vigente e não possui o hábito de segregar seus resíduos na fonte geradora.
Um Estudo Psicanalítico sobre a Formação de Grupo
Authors: Silva Débora Dos Santos , Silva Márcio Moreira , Santos Cícera Maria dos , Macêdo Maria Ayrlles , Barbosa Jailma Dos Santos
Published: July 2016

O artigo pretendeu estudar as atitudes e comportamentos expressos nas formações grupais de modo a lançar luz sobre o enigma da influência quase irresistível que o grupo exerce sobre os indivíduos. Para tanto, utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica, com ênfase na abordagem psicanalítica dos fenômenos e considerando o texto freudiano Psicologia de grupo e análise do ego como base para nossas indagações, reflexões e conclusões. Neste escrito Freud faz menção aos estudiosos do comportamento social, tais como: Gustave LeBon, McDougall e Trotter, que consideravam os movimentos dos grupos numa perspectiva um tanto negativa, para em seguida demonstrar a influência do líder no comportamento grupal. Portanto, considerando a importância dada pela psicanálise no que tange ao poder do líder enquanto formador e fomentador das massas a ele confiadas, buscou-se trazer à baila as características observadas para que um sujeito se configure enquanto líder conseguindo, assim, suprimir os desejos individuais (libidinais/agressivos) no intuito de favorecer a coesão grupal a ponto de seus membros parecerem hipnotizados. Estas construções teóricas são aplicadas na análise e interpretação de certos comportamentos de chefes religiosos e de estado de nosso tempo, a exemplo de Osama Bin Laden e George W. Bush.
Motivação no Setor Público: um estudo com servidores do município de Ponto Novo-BA
Authors: Domingos Junior Antenor Pedro , Barbosa Milka Alves Correia
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o nível de motivação dos servidores públicos municipais da cidade de Ponto Novo-Ba, à luz da teoria dos dois fatores de Herzberg. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionários. No que se refere aos fatores que causam a satisfação dos funcionários no ambiente de trabalho, com a análise das respostas, constatou que, os fatores motivacionais tais como reconhecimento, realização, progresso profissional, responsabilidade e trabalho em si, estão de acordo com as expectativas dos servidores, sendo os que mais contribuem para satisfação e motivação no trabalho. A análise dos dados permitiu concluir que os principais fatores (motivacionais e higiênicos) que estimulam a motivação precisam ser vistos com olhares diferentes, ficando incumbida a administração de implantar, complementar e desenvolver programas e políticas de valorização destes servidores.
Processo Eletrônico: Avanços e Retrocessos para o Ordenamento Jurídico e para a Gestão Pública do poder judiciário.
Authors: Araújo Anderson Wagner Santos de
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho delimita-se a indicar os avanços e retrocessos da utilização do processo eletrônico no cotidiano, sob a ótica da gestão pública e do direito. Para isto, adotou-se como procedimento metodológico uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativa e exploratória, ancorada em técnicas de coletas bibliográficas. De modo geral, o estudo apresenta-se predominantemente descritivo, analisando de forma ampla o fenômeno, suas variáveis e a compreensão dos fatos. O processo eletrônico é como uma grande inovação para o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e para a gestão pública do poder judiciário, se deu com o advento da Lei 11.419 de 2006, que dispõe sobre o Processo Eletrônico e a necessidade de sua implantação nos tribunais. Indubitavelmente, um marco pela a busca da eficiência do serviço jurisdicional, com o intuito de afastar a burocracia e a lentidão. No entanto, existem controvérsias sobre o seu êxito, pois existem avanços e retrocessos tanto no caráter do direito, quanto na prestação do serviço pelo gestor público do Poder Judiciário.
Geração de Renda para Pequenos Empreendimentos: Um estudo sobre a concessão do Crediamigo
Authors: Xavier Juliana De Sá Nunes Burgo , Guimarães Domingos Sávio Dias Douza , Silva Benedyto Sávio De Lima e , Lima Maria do Socorro Macedo Coelho
Published: July 2016

Os programas de microcrédito são desenvolvidos visando ações que criem oportunidades para que os microempreendedores tenham acesso fácil ao crédito e desenvolvam suas atividades relacionadas produção e à produtividade, fortalecendo principalmente o setor informal. O Banco do Nordeste é o banco público que possui maior atuação nessa área, e tem se mostrado eficaz nas suas contribuições, destacando-se como um facilitador de acesso ao crédito, em especial, o Crediamigo, programa de Microcrédito Produtivo Orientado do Banco do Nordeste. O presente artigo tem por objetivo conhecer a evolução do microcrédito e sua importância na influência dos negócios dos clientes e verificar a atuação e ingresso do público de baixa renda ao crédito. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em fontes secundárias, com abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, obtidos nos relatório do Banco do Nordeste, quantificando as ações dentro do intervalo de 2010 a 2014. Os resultados evidenciam que a concessão do crédito contribui para o incremento do processo produtivo e o crescimento do lucro para os pequenos negócios. É um importante instrumento na geração de renda, e na melhoria de vida dos que o utilizam com responsabilidade. Representa uma das mais promissoras estratégias de combate à pobreza e de inclusão social na atualidade.
THREE-VARIABLE ALTERNATING TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS AND CORRESPONDING FOURIER TRANSFORMS
Authors: Bezubik Agata , Pošta Severin
Published: July 2016

The common trigonometric functions admit generalizations to any higher dimension, the symmetric, antisymmetric and alternating ones. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to three dimensional generalization only, focusing on alternating case in detail. Many specific properties of this new class of special functions useful in applications are studied. Such are the orthogonalities, both the continuous one and the discrete one on the 3D lattice of any density, corresponding discrete and continuous Fourier transforms, and others. Rapidly increasing precision of the interpolation with increasing density of the 3D lattice is shown in an example.
ON PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH SYMMETRIES DEPENDING ON ARBITRARY FUNCTIONS
Authors: Gubbiotti Giorgio , Levi Decio , Scimiterna Christian
Published: July 2016

In this note we present some ideas on when Lie symmetries, both point and generalized, can depend on arbitrary functions. We show a few examples, both in partial differential and partial difference equations where this happens. Moreover we show that the infinitesimal generators of generalized symmetries depending on arbitrary functions, both for continuous and discrete equations, effectively play the role of master symmetries.
ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENCE SCHEMES II: DISCRETE VARIABLES AND SCHWARZIAN LATTICES
Authors: Levi Decio , Rodriguez Miguel A.
Published: July 2016

In the process of constructing invariant difference schemes which approximate partial differential equations we write down a procedure for discretizing a partial differential equation on an arbitrary lattice. An open problem is the meaning of a lattice which does not satisfy the Clairaut–Schwarz–Young theorem. To analyze it we apply the procedure on a simple example, the potential Burgers equation with two different lattices, an orthogonal lattice which is invariant under the symmetries of the equation and satisfies the commutativity of the partial difference operators and an exponential lattice which is not invariant and does not satisfy the Clairaut–Schwarz–Young theorem. A discussion on the numerical results is presented showing the different behavior of both schemes for two different exact solutions and their numerical approximations.
Democracia dirigida, terrorismo invertido : normalización del terrorismo de estado y de la excepcionalidad en la democracia.
Authors: Noguera Sánchez Helber Armando
Published: July 2016

El objetivo del presente artículo es establecer si el modelo democrático contemporáneo es dirigido y se fundamenta en la difusión de miedo y el terror para exterminar al "enemigo". Para ello, lo primero es señalar el marco conceptual de la democracia dirigida y del terrorismo invertido tanto desde lo jurídico como desde lo sociológico. Luego se identifican aspectos diferenciadores como la democracia de la "seguridad nacional", los métodos disociadores, los económicos y políticos y, por último, la utilización del Derecho Penal del enemigo. Con estos elementos se definirá si en Colombia es posible afirmar la existencia de la democracia dirigida a partir de los factores y características descritas.
¿Debe ser punible la inducción a la prostitución? : estudio de su fundamentación, estructura dogmática y problemática.
Authors: Mendoza Perdomo Juan Francisco
Published: July 2016

En este trabajo observaremos las razones que fundan la existencia legal del delito de inducción a la prostitución en un estado social y democrático de derecho, en el que se afirma, constitucionalmente, la existencia de la autonomía individual del ciudadano. A partir de allí y de la mano con el trascurrir histórico de este delito, ofrecido por la doctrina nacional de todas nuestras épocas, ofreceremos razones para indicar que responde al recorte de la libertad sexual de los ciudadanos, antes que a su tutela. Por último, se identificarán dos problemas de la dogmática penal en la estructura de imputación de este delito, que se suman a las razones críticas.
Evolución del derecho de protección de datos personales en Colombia respecto a estándares internacionales.
Authors: Rojas Bejarano Marcela
Published: July 2016

Colombia ha evolucionado en materia de protección de datos en los últimos años con la implementación de nuevas normas que tienen como fin salvaguardar los derechos y deberes fundamentales, así como los procedimientos y recursos para la protección de los mismos. A partir de la jurisprudencia constitucional, se consideró el derecho de habeas como un derecho fundamental autónomo, distinguible de otras garantías como la intimidad y el buen nombre. No obstante, a la luz de los estándares internacionales para su efectiva protección requiere estrategias que, de manera armónica, garanticen su seguridad jurídica. Este proceso evolutivo en materia de protección de datos ha sido motivo de intensos debates y críticas en diferentes sectores que denuncian la ausencia de mecanismos efectivos e idóneos para tutelar el derecho fundamental de habeas data establecido en la Constitución Política. En este artículo se busca mostrar el panorama normativo y su evolución frente a la sociedad de la información y las telecomunicaciones, en cumplimiento de las normas aplicables al sector privado y público y el Derecho comparado. Para el efecto, se revisaron normas generales y textos constitucionales tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional.
Reflexión de la enseñanza-aprendizaje del derecho en el siglo XXI y el modelo basado en competencias.
Authors: Comellas Angulo Paula
Published: July 2016

El objetivo principal de este artículo es hacer una reflexión, en ningún caso derivada de la investigación, en torno a la influencia que ejercen la globalización e internacionalización en la enseñanza- aprendizaje del Derecho en el siglo XXI. Con base en la convergencia global en materia educativa y en el modelo imperante del aprendizaje basado en competencias, se analizarán los nuevos perfiles académico-profesionales del jurista de nuestro siglo y las competencias que tendrían que regir la enseñanza-aprendizaje del Derecho en la sociedad actual. Además, se hará un análisis de la presente sociedad y del cambio del paradigma en la enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Derecho y drogas : inconsistencias de la política pública y penitenciaria.
Authors: Bedoya Chavarriaga Juan Camilo
Published: July 2016

La legislación en materia de drogas en Colombia obedece a un fenómeno social de alto impacto en todo el país. Este se encuentra ligado a la delincuencia común y al conflicto armado, razón por la cual es un tema de especial relevancia en el marco de un eventual posconflicto. No obstante, las normas en materia de estupefacientes son inconsistentes, no solo en relación con los conceptos médicos, sino con la norma misma y los principios que rigen el ordenamiento jurídico. Por esto, se hace necesario analizar la normatividad en conjunto, con base en las normas referentes al consumo, al tráfico y a otras actividades asociadas con su uso, para proponer soluciones reales y efectivas a los conflictos normativos, las inconsistencias técnico-jurídicas y las políticas públicas que ha establecido el país en torno a las sustancias estupefacientes, su consumo y cadena de producción.
Constructing signs: Place as a symbolic structure in signed languages
Authors: Wilcox Sherman , Occhino Corrine
Published: July 2016

This paper presents a usage-based, Cognitive Grammar analysis of Place as a symbolic structure in signed languages. We suggest that many signs are better viewed as constructions in which schematic or specific formal properties are extracted from usage events alongside specific or schematic meaning. We argue that pointing signs are complex constructions composed of a pointing device and a Place, each of which are symbolic structures having form and meaning. We extend our analysis to antecedent-anaphora constructions and directional verb constructions. Finally, we discuss how the usage-based approach suggests a new way of understanding the relationship between language and gesture.
Loss on „Toxic” Currency Options and Forward Contracts as a Tax-Deductible Expense in Corporate Income Tax – General Issues
Authors: Karczyński Łukasz
Published: July 2016

Due to financial crisis many entrepreneurs suffered heavy losses on currency options and forward contracts. Tax authorities tend to disallow deduction of those losses from the taxable income. Many cases ended up in administrative courts, resulting in judicature controversies on the issue in question. This paper is the first of four in a cycle. The aim of the whole cycle will be to analyze deeply these controversies and suggest the proper interpretation of the legal provisions, determining whether losses on currency options and forward contracts should or should not be regarded as tax-deductible expenses. The aim of this paper is to determine the scope of the problems to solve as well as to analyze the legal character of the loss on non-deliverable currency options and forward contracts. Therefore this legal character has been determined in the light of Polish corporate income tax act. What is more, the problems with the interpretation of these losses as indirect deductible expenses have been solved.