bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Educational Intervention on Nurses’ Knowledge, Practice and Attitude Related Prevention Measures of COVID 19
Authors: Gehan Abd Elfattah atia Elasrag  , Nahed Elnabawy Elsabagh  , Asmaa Foad Abdelmonem  , Alaa Anwar Ahmed
Published: June 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused highly significant challenges for health systems over the world, but also fueled a surge in misinformation. Nurses as the first member at health team must improve their performance about COVID-19 Research Aim: to assess impact of educational program on nurses’ knowledge, practice and attitude related prevention measures of COVID 19 Methodology: A Quasi-experimental research design was utilized from July 2020- November 2020 conducted at Shebin El Koum teaching Hospital and Menofia University Hospital for 50 nurses. A self-administered questionnaire containing four parts (characteristics, knowledge part, Attitude Rating Scale and nurses’ practice) Results: The present study showed mean age of studied nurses was 34.80±4.99 years and 52% of them providing care for COVID-19 patients. 70% of them had poor knowledge at pre intervention, while76% of them had good knowledge at post intervention and only 6% had poor knowledge. Mean score of studied nurses related total attitude at pre intervention was 13.70±3.45, while at post intervention was 25.18±3.66. Total practice, showed that 36% of nurses had competent practice while 90% of them had competent practice at post intervention with p value <0.01 Conclusions: To conclude, the present study reported that educational training program had positive effect on nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practice so hypothesis was accepted.
A Study on Effectiveness of Corrective Exercise Over Conventional Exercises in Individuals Suffering from Trapezitis
Authors: Lalruatliana Mathew , Dutta Abhijit
Published: June 2021

Background: Neck pain prevalence varies widely on different studies. Poor ergonomic work habit suchas prolonged constrained work position with persistent neck or spine flexion may imply a risk factor.Maintaining poor posture for long periods of time can result in chronic muscular fatigue, discomfort orpain, leading to pathological effects like Trapezitis and permanent disability. Exercises has proved to bevery important for neck pain. Neck muscle exercises if given thus will prove to be beneficial in improvingstability of the neck muscle.Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of corrective exercise over conventional exercises in individualssuffering from Trapezitis.Methods: - It is a comparative experimental study.This study includes (N=40) subjects with neck painwithin age group of 25-45 years. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups (Group A and B). Group A had20 (N=20) subjects who are treated with Corrective exercises, Group B had 20 (N=20) who are treated withConventional exercises. The subjects were given intervention 5 days a week for 2 weeks.Result: Paired sample t-test was used for within group analysis. Independent sample t-test was done toanalyse between group variables. No significant difference was found in NDI (p<0.001), VAS (p <0.001)between Corrective and Conventional groups while within the groups all outcome measures shows significantdifference in bothbetween Corrective and Conventional groups(p=0.01).Conclusion: -This study concluded that both the treatment techniques,between Corrective and Conventionalwere effective in alleviating the pain in individuals suffering from Trapezitis.
Automatic object-based spatial selection depends on the distribution of sustained attention
Authors: Bidiwala Ema Shamasdin , Scolari Miranda
Published: June 2021

Several space-based and object-based attention studies suggest these selection mechanisms may be voluntarily deployed, depending on task parameters and the attentional scope of the observer. Here, we sought to elucidate factors related to involuntary deployment of object-mediated space-based attention through two experiments. Experiment 1 used a modified flanker task where a target and nearby distractor were presented within the same or different object frames, such that an object-based attentional spread should be detrimental to performance. Results showed the presence of a flanker effect with no significant difference in magnitude between grouping conditions, indicating participants may have uniformly used a diffused attentional spotlight regardless of object segmentation. In a second experiment, we manipulated the extent of the observer’s sustained attentional scope via an inducer task to determine whether object-based selection depends on the initial spotlight size. The results revealed object-based effects solely when attention narrowly encompassed the target, but not when it was widened to include the distracting flanker. This suggests the deployment of object-based attention may occur when spatial attention is initially focused narrowly. Because selecting the whole object frame directly interfered with task goals, we conclude that object-based attention may not always fully conform to relevant task goals or operate in a goal-oriented manner. We discuss these results in the context of existing literature while proposing a reconciliation of previously inconsistent findings of object-based selection.
Pengaruh profitabilitas, struktur aktiva dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap struktur modal pada perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI 2013-2017
Authors: Ariyanto Ariyanto
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe (1) the effect of profitability, asset structure and company size on capital structure simultaneously, (2) Effect of profitability on capital structure, (3) Effect of asset structure towards capital structure, (4) Effect of firm size on capital structure. This research belongs to the type of correlational research. The population in this study is the Property and Real Estate Services Company listed on the Stock Exchange in 2013-2017 which has a total assets of at least 10 trillion. To determine the sample, researchers use financial statement data. The research sample was obtained from financial data found at www.idx.com. The research population was 8 companies in 5 periods. The data analysis technique used is the classic assumption test, multiple regression test, simultaneous F test, t test and determination test.
Apakah pengumuman resmi kasus pertama Covid-19 oleh Presiden Joko Widodo memiliki kandungan informasi? Event study pada saham-saham LQ-45
Authors: Ary William Wendy
Published: June 2021

This study analyzes the phenomenon of the first case of Covid-19 transmission in Indonesia and its impact on the capital market in Indonesia. This study aims to test whether there is a negative PCAD pattern after the first announcement of the covid-19 virus transmission case on the Indonesian capital market and to prove that the Indonesian capital market experienced a significant decline in returns after the first announcement period of the covid-19 virus transmission. Stocks that are included as LQ45 stocks are being utilized and event study is the method to analyze the market response during the window period (t-10, t+10) and uses the independent sample t-test to compare the average abnormal return. mean (AAR) and mean cumulative abnormal return (CAAR). The results of this study indicate that the market takes a wait & see strategy, PCAD shows the form of a negative sign after the event and there is a difference between AAR and CAAR 10-days before and 10-days after the event. Overall, this research shows that the market has responded negatively to information related to the Covid-19 virus.
In the Era of Climate Change: Moving Beyond Conventional Agriculture in Thailand
Authors:   Asia Development Institute at Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Lee Suyeon
Published: June 2021

Thailand is ranked among the top 10 countries most vulnerable to climate change, and its farmers have faced the risk of natural disasters almost every year for nearly 30 years. However, those affected by climate change have also been the largest contributors to climate change, increasing the risks they will face in the near future. The intensive use of chemical pesticides in conventional agriculture has harmed not only the environment and biodiversity but health of both users and consumers. Responding to these problems, several policies have been put in place over the past decades to reduce pesticide usage as well as to encourage farmers to switch to low-carbon and low-pesticide agriculture, namely, organic agriculture. This study reviews policies related to the development of organic agriculture in Thailand and examines whether organic agriculture is an effective adaptation and mitigation strategy to climate change that can also generate enough food. This study finds that the organic sector has been largely driven by the private sector, particularly the agricultural cooperatives and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), which have provided various support ranging from technology transfer, production, financing, distribution, to marketing of organic products. Their role is vital in encouraging farmers to switch to organic farming and growing market opportunities for organic goods. Nevertheless, constraints including inconsistent policies and limited support from the government remain, which, to some extent, weakens the efforts to build sustainable agriculture and climate resilience. To improve organic farming, there is a need for the government agencies to work together with all relevant stakeholders in the organic sector, namely agricultural cooperatives, NGOs, and consumers.
Information Acquisition and Conservation Farming Practices for Sustainable Agriculture in Rural Vietnam
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Development Studies, University of Economics, Hue University, Vietnam, Thi Quynh Anh Le , Shimamura Yasuharu ,   Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University, Japan, Yamada Hiroyuki ,   Faculty of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
Published: June 2021

Soil fertility conservation has become an increasing concern in Vietnamese agriculture owing to excessive use of agrochemicals. The use of organic fertilizers is considered an environment-friendly practice for sustainable agriculture. Although environmental awareness has emerged and production technologies of organic fertilizers have been introduced in recent years, their adoption remains limited among farming households. This study focuses on the causal effects of information acquisition on the use of organic fertilizers from agricultural extension services and from peers of farming households. The estimation results show that land size, land tenure, educational level, family labor endowment, and household wealth are significantly associated with the likelihood of using organic fertilizers. Information acquisition through both information sources positively affects the use of organic fertilizers. However, information acquisition from agricultural extension services has a greater marginal impact than that from peers. Despite its lower influence, information acquisition from peers plays a supplemental role in incentivizing farming households to use organic fertilizers as an environmentfriendly agricultural practice among rural communities in Vietnam.
Comparison of long-term variations of the cosmic ray flux from the network of ground-based detectors, PAMELA and AMS-02 data
Authors: Belov Anatoly V. , Gushchina Raisa T. , Shlyk Nataly , Yanke Victor
Published: June 2021

The paper presents preliminary results of a comparison of long-term variations of the cosmic ray flux using data from the network of ground-based detectors with direct
flux measurements on the PAMELA and AMS-02 magnetic spectrometers and a series of balloon stratospheric soundings. The analysis showed good agreement for the entire period
of continuous ground-based monitoring of cosmic ray variations.
Anuario Meteorológico Cafetero 1950
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: June 2021

Los registros climáticos reunidos en la presente edición del Anuario Meteorológico corresponden a las observaciones meteorológicas obtenidas durante el año 1950.
THE IMPACT OF TOURISM UNCERTAINTY ON AIRLINE STOCK MARKETS IN KOREA: A QUANTILE REGRESSION APPROACH
Authors: Jeon Ji-Hong
Published: June 2021

This study explores the impact of tourism uncertainty, including economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and travel crises arising from issues such as terrorism and disease outbreaks, on airline stock markets in Korea. Airline stock prices are particularly affected by tourism uncertainty. Using data from 2001–2018 and events influencing tourism uncertainty such as the 9/11 terrorist attacks and severe acute respiratory syndrome, quantile regression approach reveals how EPU influences airline stock prices in Korea during three market phases – bearish, normal, and bullish. EPU and travel crises negatively affect airline stock prices in Korea. Specifically, we document that higher EPU and more global travel crises lead to deeper reductions in stock prices in bullish markets. These results provide implications and insights for airline investors, stakeholders, and organizations concerned about the influence of tourism uncertainty on airline stock prices in Korea.
Discovery of Beryllium in White Dwarfs Polluted by Planetesimal Accretion
Authors: Klein Beth L. , Doyle Alexandra E. , Zuckerman B. , Dufour P. , Blouin Simon , Melis Carl , Weinberger Alycia J. , Young Edward D.
Published: June 2021

The element beryllium is detected for the first time in white dwarf stars. This discovery in the spectra of two helium-atmosphere white dwarfs was made possible only because of the remarkable overabundance of Be relative to all other elements, heavier than He, observed in these stars. The measured Be abundances, relative to chondritic, are by far the largest ever seen in any astronomical object. We anticipate that the Be in these accreted planetary bodies was produced by spallation of one or more of O, C, and N in a region of high fluence of particles of MeV or greater energy.
The Transition from Diffuse Molecular Gas to Molecular Cloud Material in Taurus
Authors: Federman S. R. , Rice Johnathan S. , Ritchey A. M. , Kim Hwihyun , Lacy John H. , Goldsmith Paul F. , Flagey Nicolas , Mace Gregory N. , Lambert David L.
Published: June 2021

We study four lines of sight that probe the transition from diffuse molecular gas to molecular cloud material in Taurus. Measurements of atomic and molecular absorption are used to infer the distribution of species and the physical conditions toward stars behind the Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC). New high-resolution spectra at visible and near-IR wavelengths of interstellar Ca ii, Ca i, K i, CH, CH+, C2, CN, and CO toward HD 28975 and HD 29647 are combined with data at visible wavelengths and published CO results from ultraviolet measurements for HD 27778 and HD 30122. Gas densities and temperatures are inferred from C2, CN, and CO excitation and CN chemistry. Our results for HD 29647 are noteworthy because the CO column density is 1018 cm−2 while C2 and CO excitation reveals a temperature of 10 K and a density of ∼1000 cm−3, more like conditions found in dark molecular clouds. Similar results arise from our chemical analysis for CN through reactions involving observations of CH, C2, and NH. Enhanced potassium depletion and a reduced CH/H2 column density ratio also suggest the presence of a dark cloud. The directions toward HD 27778 and HD 30122 probe molecule-rich diffuse clouds, which can be considered CO-dark gas, while the sight line toward HD 28975 represents an intermediate case. Maps of dust temperature help refine the description of the material along the four sight lines and provide an estimate of the distance between HD 29647 and a clump in the TMC. An appendix provides results for the direction toward HD 26571; this star also probes diffuse molecular gas.
Chandra Observations of the Planck Early Sunyaev–Zeldovich Sample: A Reexamination of Masses and Mass Proxies
Authors: Andrade-Santos Felipe , Pratt Gabriel W. , Melin Jean-Baptiste , Arnaud Monique , Jones Christine , Forman William R. , Pointecouteau Etienne , Bartalucci Iacopo , Vikhlinin Alexey , Murray Stephen S. , Mazzotta Pasquale , Borgani Stefano , Lovisari Lorenzo , van Weeren Reinout J. , Kraft Ralph P. , David Laurence P. , Giacintucci Simona
Published: June 2021

Using Chandra observations, we derive the Y
X proxy and associated total mass measurement,

, for 147 clusters with z < 0.35 from the Planck early Sunyaev–Zeldovich catalog, and for 80 clusters with z < 0.22 from an X-ray flux-limited sample. We reextract the Planck Y
SZ measurements and obtain the corresponding mass proxy,

, from the full Planck mission maps, minimizing Malmquist bias due to observational scatter. The masses reextracted using the more precise X-ray position and characteristic size agree with the published PSZ2 values, but yield a significant reduction in the scatter (by a factor of two) in the

–

relation. The slope is 0.93 ± 0.03, and the median ratio,

, is within the expectations from known X-ray calibration systematics. Y
SZ/Y
X is 0.88 ± 0.02, in good agreement with predictions from cluster structure, and implying a low level of clumpiness. In agreement with the findings of the Planck Collaboration, the slope of the Y
SZ–

flux relation is significantly less than unity (0.89 ± 0.01). Using extensive simulations, we show that this result is not due to selection effects, intrinsic scatter, or covariance between quantities. We demonstrate analytically that changing the Y
SZ–Y
X relation from apparent flux to intrinsic properties results in a best-fit slope that is closer to unity and increases the dispersion about the relation. The redistribution resulting from this transformation implies that the best-fit parameters of the

–

relation will be sample-dependent.
The Jet–disk Boundary Layer in Black Hole Accretion
Authors: Wong George N. , Du Yufeng , Prather Ben S. , Gammie Charles F.
Published: June 2021

Magnetic fields lines are trapped in black hole event horizons by accreting plasma. If the trapped field lines are lightly loaded with plasma, then their motion is controlled by their footpoints on the horizon and thus by the spin of the black hole. In this paper, we investigate the boundary layer between lightly loaded polar field lines and a dense, equatorial accretion flow. We present an analytic model for aligned prograde and retrograde accretion systems and argue that there is significant shear across this jet–disk boundary at most radii for all black hole spins. Specializing to retrograde aligned accretion, where the model predicts the strongest shear, we show numerically that the jet–disk boundary is unstable. The resulting mixing layer episodically loads plasma onto trapped field lines where it is heated, forced to rotate with the hole, and permitted to escape outward into the jet. In one case we follow the mass loading in detail using Lagrangian tracer particles and find a time-averaged mass-loading rate

∼
0.01

M

̇

.
SN 2019yvq Does Not Conform to SN Ia Explosion Models
Authors: Tucker M. A. , Ashall C. , Shappee B. J. , Vallely P. J. , Kochanek C. S. , Huber M. E. , Anand G. S. , Keane J. V. , Hsiao E. Y. , Holoien T. W.-S.
Published: June 2021

We present new photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2019yvq, a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) exhibiting several peculiar properties including an excess of UV/optical flux within days of explosion, a high Si ii velocity, and a low peak luminosity. Photometry near the time of first light places new constraints on the rapid rise of the UV/optical flux excess. A near-infrared spectrum at +173 days after maximum light places strict limits on the presence of H or He emission, effectively excluding the presence of a nearby nondegenerate star at the time of explosion. New optical spectra, acquired at +128 and +150 days after maximum light, confirm the presence of [Ca ii] λ7300 and persistent Ca ii NIR triplet emission as SN 2019yvq transitions into the nebular phase. The lack of [O i]

λ
6300

emission disfavors the violent merger of two C/O white dwarfs (WDs) but the merger of a C/O WD with a He WD cannot be excluded. We compare our findings with several models in the literature postulated to explain the early flux excess including double-detonation explosions, 56Ni mixing into the outer ejecta during ignition, and interaction with H- and He-deficient circumstellar material. Each model may be able to explain both the early flux excess and the nebular [Ca ii] emission, but none of the models can reconcile the high photospheric velocities with the low peak luminosity without introducing new discrepancies.
Expanded Atmospheres and Winds in Type I X-Ray Bursts from Accreting Neutron Stars
Authors: Guichandut Simon , Cumming Andrew , Falanga Maurizio , Li Zhaosheng , Zamfir Michael
Published: June 2021

We calculate steady-state models of radiation-driven super-Eddington winds and static expanded envelopes of neutron stars caused by high luminosities in type I X-ray bursts. We use flux-limited diffusion to model the transition from optically thick to optically thin, and include effects of general relativity, allowing us to study the photospheric radius close to the star as the hydrostatic atmosphere evolves into a wind. We find that the photospheric radius evolves monotonically from static envelopes (r
ph ≲ 50–70 km) to winds (r
ph ≈ 100–1000 km). Photospheric radii of less than 100 km, as observed in most photospheric radius expansion bursts, can be explained by static envelopes, but only in a narrow range of luminosity. In most bursts, we would expect the luminosity to increase further, leading to a wind with photospheric radius ≳100 km. In the contraction phase, the expanded envelope solutions show that the photosphere is still ≈1 km above the surface when the effective temperature is only 3% away from its maximum value. This is a possible systematic uncertainty when interpreting the measured Eddington fluxes from bursts at touchdown. We also discuss the applicability of steady-state models to describe the dynamics of bursts. In particular, we show that the sub- to super-Eddington transition during the burst rise is rapid enough that static models are not appropriate. Finally, we analyze the strength of spectral shifts in our models. Expected shifts at the photosphere are dominated by gravitational redshift, and are therefore predicted to be less than a few percent.
The Hipparcos–Gaia Catalog of Accelerations: Gaia EDR3 Edition
Authors: Brandt Timothy D.
Published: June 2021

We present a cross-calibration of Hipparcos and Gaia EDR3 intended to identify astrometrically accelerating stars and to fit orbits to stars with faint, massive companions. The resulting catalog, the EDR3 edition of the Hipparcos–Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (HGCA), provides three proper motions with calibrated uncertainties on the EDR3 reference frame: the Hipparcos proper motion, the Gaia EDR3 proper motion, and the long-term proper motion given by the difference in position between Hipparcos and Gaia EDR3. Our approach is similar to that for the Gaia DR2 edition of the HGCA but offers a factor of ∼3 improvement in precision thanks to the longer time baseline and improved data processing of Gaia EDR3. We again find that a 60/40 mixture of the two Hipparcos reductions outperforms either reduction individually, and we find strong evidence for locally variable frame rotations between all pairs of proper motion measurements. The substantial global frame rotation seen in DR2 proper motions has been removed in EDR3. We also correct for color- and magnitude-dependent frame rotations at a level of up to ∼50 μas yr−1 in Gaia EDR3. We calibrate the Gaia EDR3 uncertainties using a sample of radial velocity standard stars without binary companions; we find an error inflation factor (a ratio of total to formal uncertainty) of 1.37. This is substantially lower than the position-dependent factor of ∼1.7 found for Gaia DR2 and reflects the improved data processing in EDR3. While the catalog should be used with caution, its proper motion residuals provide a powerful tool to measure the masses and orbits of faint, massive companions to nearby stars.
Predicting Localized Primordial Star Formation with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wells Azton I. , Norman Michael L.
Published: June 2021

We investigate applying 3D deep convolutional neural networks as fast surrogate models of the formation and feedback effects of primordial stars in hydrodynamic cosmological simulations of the first galaxies. Here, we present the surrogate model to predict localized primordial star formation; the feedback model will be presented in a subsequent paper. The star formation prediction model consists of two submodels: the first is a 3D volume classifier that predicts which (10 comoving kpc)3 volumes will host star formation, followed by a 3D Inception-based U-net voxel segmentation model that predicts which voxels will form primordial stars. We find that the combined model predicts primordial star-forming volumes with high skill, with F
1 > 0.995 and true skill score (TSS) >0.994. The star formation is localized within the volume to ≲53 voxels (∼1.6 comoving kpc3) with F
1 > 0.399 and TSS >0.857. Applied to simulations with low spatial resolution, the model predicts star-forming regions in the same locations and at similar redshifts as sites in resolved full-physics simulations that explicitly model primordial star formation and feedback. When applied to simulations with lower mass resolution, we find that the model predicts star-forming regions at later redshift due to delayed structure formation resulting from lower mass resolution. Our model predicts primordial star formation without halo finding, so it will be useful in spatially under-resolved simulations that cannot resolve primordial star-forming halos. To our knowledge, this is the first model that can predict primordial star-forming regions that match highly resolved cosmological simulations.
Introduction of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Kosovo: First Fifty Consecutive Patients Registry Report
Authors: Trajcheski Ted , Brovina Lulzim , Zafirova Biljana , Trajceska Lada
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as advanced diagnostic tool for the heart has been introduced in our institution since September 2019.

AIM: We report on the first fifty consecutive patients using this imaging modality.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Strict protocol for CMR procedure, imaging quality assessment, contraindications, and informed consent were established. Patients selected for CMR were enrolled in a prospective registry. Visualizing the heart chambers, heart muscle and heart valves, resulted in acquiring complex imaging of the heart structure and function. When applicable, patients received gadolinium contrast agent for Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE). Adenosine was used for stress induced myocardial perfusion study. In this study, we report on the initial CMR procedures in the first 15 months.

RESULTS: The age of the patients ranges from 17 to 82 and the number of male and female patients was well balanced. No absolute contraindications were met in any patient. Relative contraindications were noted but did not prevent from performing the scan. Different cardiac pathologies were encountered in the examined patients. Most common was the ischemic heart disease – 19 (38%). We had 15 (30%) out of 46 (92%) CMR procedures with LGE showing fibrotic scaring. Quality image assessment was scaled from poor to excellent. Most of the assessments were graded very good and good (46% and 48%), no poor, and very poor noted.

CONCLUSION: CMR has been successfully introduced in Kosovo as excellent imaging tool for diagnosing and characterizing a nearly exhaustive spectrum of heart diseases.
Holistic understanding of contemporary ecosystems requires integration of data on domesticated, captive and cultivated organisms
Authors: Groom Quentin , Adriaens Tim , Bertolino Sandro , Phelps Kendra , Poelen Jorrit , Reeder DeeAnn , Richardson David , Simmons Nancy , Upham Nathan
Published: June 2021

Domestic and captive animals and cultivated plants should be recognised as integral components in contemporary ecosystems. They interact with wild organisms through such mechanisms as hybridization, predation, herbivory, competition and disease transmission and, in many cases, define ecosystem properties. Nevertheless, it is widespread practice for data on domestic, captive and cultivated organisms to be excluded from biodiversity repositories, such as natural history collections. Furthermore, there is a lack of integration of data collected about biodiversity in disciplines, such as agriculture, veterinary science, epidemiology and invasion science. Discipline-specific data are often intentionally excluded from integrative databases in order to maintain the “purity” of data on natural processes. Rather than being beneficial, we argue that this practise of data exclusivity greatly limits the utility of discipline-specific data for applications ranging from agricultural pest management to invasion biology, infectious disease prevention and community ecology. This problem can be resolved by data providers using standards to indicate whether the observed organism is of wild or domestic origin and by integrating their data with other biodiversity data (e.g. in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility). Doing so will enable efforts to integrate the full panorama of biodiversity knowledge across related disciplines to tackle pressing societal questions.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Rheumatology Practice in Latin America
Authors: Fernández-Ávila Daniel G. , Barahona-Correa Julián , Romero-Alvernia Diana , Kowalski Sergio , Sapag Ana , Cachafeiro-Vilar Antonio , Meléndez Belia , Santiago-Pastelín Carlos , Palleiro Daniel , Arrieta Dina , Reyes Gil , Pons-Estel Guillermo J. , Then-Báez Jossiell , Ugarte-Gil Manuel F. , Cardiel Mario H. , Colman Nelly , Chávez Nilmo , Burgos Paula I. , Montúfar Rubén , Sandino Sayonara , Fuentes-Silva Yurilis J. , Soriano Enrique R.
Published: June 2021

Objective

To describe the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on Latin American rheumatologists from a professional, economic, and occupational point of view.

Methods

We conducted an observational cross-sectional study using an online survey sent to rheumatologists of each non–English-speaking country member of the Pan American League of Rheumatology Associations (PANLAR). A specific questionnaire was developed.

Results

Our survey included 1097 rheumatologists from 19 Latin American countries. Median (IQR) age of respondents was 48 (40–59) years and 618 (56.3%) were female. Duration of practice since graduation as a rheumatologist was 17 years, and 585 (53.3%) were aged < 50 years. Most rheumatologists worked in private practice (81.8%) and almost half worked in institutional outpatient centers (55%) and inpatient care (49.9%). The median number of weekly hours (IQR) of face-to-face practice before the pandemic was 27 (15–40) hours, but was reduced to 10 (5–20) hours during the pandemic. Telehealth was used by 866 (78.9%) respondents during the pandemic. Most common methods of communication were video calls (555; 50.6%), telephone calls (499; 45.5%), and WhatsApp voice calls (423; 38.6%). A reduction in monthly wages was reported by 946 (86.2%) respondents. Consultation fees also were reduced and 88 (8%) rheumatologists stated they had lost their jobs. A reduction in patient adherence to medication was reported by nearly 50% of respondents. Eighty-one (7.4%) rheumatologists received a COVID-19 diagnosis and 7 (8.6%) of them were hospitalized.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped rheumatology practice in Latin America and has had a profound effect on rheumatologists’ behaviors and clinical practice.
Outcomes of Care Among Patients With Gout in Europe: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: te Kampe Ritch , Jansen Tim L. , van Durme Caroline , Janssen Matthijs , Petersen Gudula , Boonen Annelies
Published: June 2021

Objective

To assess health- and patient-centered outcomes in gout across Europe, and explore patient-, care-, and country-level characteristics associated with these outcomes.

Methods

Patients with self-reported physician-diagnosed gout from 14 European countries completed an online survey. Multivariable mixed-effect logistic and linear regressions were computed for health outcomes (gout flare recurrence) and patient-centered outcomes (patient satisfaction with current medication, and unaddressed goals), accounting for clustering within countries. The role of patient-, care-, and country-level factors was explored.

Results

Participants included 1029 patients, predominantly diagnosed by a general practitioner (GP). One or more gout flares were reported by 70% of patients and ≥ 3 flares by 32%. Gout patients reported 1.1 ± 1.2 unaddressed goals, and 80% were satisfied with current medication. Patients with ≥ 3 and ≥ 1 flares were less likely to be treated with urate-lowering therapy (ULT) (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.39–0.70 and OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.28–0.53, respectively), but more likely to have regular physician visits (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.79–3.22 and OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.30–2.41). Three or more gout flares were also associated with lower satisfaction (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.28–0.56) and more unaddressed goals (β 0.36, 95% CI 0.19–0.53). Notwithstanding, the predicted probability of being satisfied was still between 57% and 75% among patients with ≥ 3 flares but who were not receiving ULT. Finally, patients from wealthier and Northern European countries more frequently had ≥ 3 gout flares.

Conclusion

Across Europe, many patients with gout remain untreated despite frequent reported flares. Remarkably, a substantial proportion of them were still satisfied with gout management. A better understanding of patients’ satisfaction and its role in physicians’ gout management decisions is warranted to improve quality of care and gout outcomes across Europe.
Autonomisme contre provincialisme, l’échec d’une décentralisation éducative sous Vichy : le Comité consultatif de Bretagne (1942-1944)
Authors: Michel Youenn
Published: June 2021

Le Comité consultatif de Bretagne correspond à une expérience de décentralisation inspirée par l’idéologie provincialiste. L’expérience n’est pas isolée, puisqu’on observe parallèlement dans le Sud-Ouest la constitution d’un réseau regroupant universitaires, spécialistes des traditions populaires, notables régionalistes et cadres du régime. Mais la synergie ne se réalise pas en Bretagne, notamment du fait de la présence d’activistes autonomistes qui cherchent la prise de contrôle des institutions scolaires. D’où le paradoxe : le Comité consultatif de Bretagne ne cesse de discréditer les fonctionnaires de Vichy auquel il doit sa légitimité. L’analyse de cet échec montre qu’il existe dans les années 1940 un horizon d’attente pluriel en faveur d’une décentralisation qui rompe avec la doctrine de la III e République.
Comprendre l’expérience corporelle vécue par les élèves en escalade : une ressource pour différencier l’enseignement
Authors: Candy Laure , Mouchet Alain
Published: June 2021

Cet article vise à comprendre, selon un ancrage psychophénoménologique, l’expérience corporelle vécue par les élèves en escalade scolaire. Plus précisément, il s’agit d’étudier la structuration de leur champ d’attention ainsi que leur dynamique attentionnelle. Nous prenons appui sur des études de cas d’élèves de différents niveaux de pratique. Notre dispositif méthodologique prend appui sur des entretiens d’explicitation. Les résultats démontrent que l’expérience corporelle est anticipée différemment selon le niveau de pratique des élèves. Relativement à la structuration du champ d’attention, nous constatons que ce qui fait intérêt dans l’expérience corporelle du grimpeur dépend non pas de son niveau de pratique mais de profil de fonctionnement singulier.
La Cité des Métiers dans une école de la Suisse italienne : point focal d’un collège équitable
Authors: Franco Pordenone Gian
Published: June 2021

La Cité des Métiers est un projet pédagogique qui propose aux élèves d’un collège populaire de la Suisse italienne une série de situations d’apprentissage leur permettant de découvrir la ville avec ses métiers. En interrogeant à la fois la bonne forme scolaire et la structure des relations de pouvoir au sein de l’établissement, il représente un point focal vers lequel convergent un ensemble de processus sociaux. Il est exploré par une démarche ethnographique, réalisée à l’issue d’une action décennale de l’un des animateurs, centrée autour de trente récits de vie d’acteurs impliqués, mis en relation avec d’autres données et analysés par une méthodologie plurielle. Cette démarche fait émerger une conceptualisation ancrée empiriquement, autour d’une participation responsable différenciée des élèves à l’appropriation du savoir et d’un jeu triangulaire entre acteurs sociaux de l’établissement. En mettant en relation l’univers scolaire avec le monde du travail, ces vecteurs ouvrent une brèche, certes fragile, vers un collège effectivement unique, puisque équitable, pouvant rendre l’école un pivot de démocratisation de la société.
Pour une entreprise à toute épreuve
Authors: Pigneur Yves , Gril Emmanuelle
Published: June 2021

Comment certaines entreprises réussissent-elles à traverser le temps malgré les turbulences économiques et les besoins changeants des consommateurs ? Quels outils ont-elles adoptés pour pérenniser ou pour réinventer leur modèle d’affaires ? Tour d’horizon de ce que pourrait être une entreprise invincible.
Déborah Cherenfant : un horizon aux mille couleurs
Authors: Auger Claudine , Girard Martin
Published: June 2021

Du blogue d’affaires au féminin Mots d’Elles à la présidence de la Jeune Chambre de commerce de Montréal, Déborah Cherenfant multiplie les projets et s’engage sans compter pour les causes qui la définissent. L’entrepreneure d’origine haïtienne, fière Montréalaise, raconte son parcours, ses doutes, ses espoirs, et partage sa réflexion sur les transformations consécutives à des mois de pandémie.
Renouveau et rupture d’isolement au cœur du retour
Authors: Boily Caroline
Published: June 2021

Quinze mois, est-ce assez long pour que de profonds changements puissent s’enraciner au sein d’une entreprise ? Avec la pandémie qui semble s’essouffler, les organisations préparent ou entament leur retour à la normale. À quoi ressemblera ce retour après une pause aux allures de grande cassure ? La « nouvelle normalité » sera bien différente de l’ancienne, disent de nombreux dirigeants. Et c’est tant mieux !
À vos routines !
Authors: Gril Emmanuelle
Published: June 2021

La pandémie de COVID-19 a fait voler en éclats toutes nos routines, d’un point de vue tant organisationnel qu’individuel. Pourquoi sont-elles si importantes ? Comment les reconstruire dans un environnement qui ne sera probablement plus jamais comme avant ?
Perturbation des chaînes de valeur mondiales : quelles leçons pouvons-nous tirer de la pandémie ?
Authors: Van Assche Ari , Gril Emmanuelle
Published: June 2021

La pandémie de COVID-19 n’a pas seulement bouleversé nos vies et fragilisé l’économie : elle a aussi bousculé les chaînes de valeur mondiales, exposant du même coup certaines de leurs faiblesses. Mais ces faiblesses sont-elles vraiment à l’origine des pénuries de biens essentiels que nous avons connues au printemps 2020 ? Retour sur les événements et analyse.
On a lu pour vous – Faire la morale aux robots, de Martin Gibert
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam
Published: June 2021

Imaginez une machine super-intelligente, capable de s’améliorer elle-même de façon exponentielle. En soi, cette idée incite à prendre au sérieux le concept d’éthique des algorithmes, c’est-à-dire une manière de programmer les machines ou les robots en fonction de principes moraux. Questionnements vertigineux !
Pour une éthique de l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Abid Raja
Published: June 2021

Les questions éthiques que soulève l’utilisation de la technologie et de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) dans les organisations sont de plus en plus complexes, surtout lorsque certaines décisions touchant les employés en font l’objet. Quels sont les pièges à éviter ?
Revisión del componente achelense de la industria lítica de Galería (Atapuerca, Burgos, España)
Authors: Santonja Manuel , Pérez-González Alfredo
Published: June 2021

La industria lítica del yacimiento de Galería (complejo de Atapuerca, Burgos), datado en la segunda mitad del Pleistoceno Medio, ha sido interpretada como uno de los más notables conjuntos del tecnocomplejo achelense que se conocen en la península ibérica y en el sur de Europa. Se ha estimado que su prolongada secuencia estratigráfica permitiría observar la evolución del Achelense en la segunda mitad del Pleistoceno Medio. Esta propuesta ha sido objeto por nuestra parte de una revisión reciente, en la que se destaca el carácter discontinuo de la estratigrafía de Galería y se valora negativamente la posibilidad de establecer cualquier tipo de secuencia arqueológica basada en el limitado registro que contiene. A partir del análisis nivel por nivel de la representatividad de la industria lítica publicada, se discutía además en ese trabajo la atribución exclusiva al tecnocomplejo achelense de los conjuntos arqueológicos de Galería.
Con objeto de valorar en profundidad la atribución achelense y de contrastar la consistencia de las tendencias evolutivas que han sido propuestas para este tecnocomplejo a través de la estratigrafía de Galería, presentamos aquí un estudio detallado de todos los artefactos interpretados en publicaciones precedentes como LCT (bifaces, hendedores y otros macro-útiles). Este trabajo, complementario de nuestra revisión anterior, se ha efectuado sobre las colecciones obtenidas en las campañas realizadas en Galería en 1982-1996, actualmente depositadas en el CENIEH y en el Museo de la Evolución Humana (Burgos). Las conclusiones alcanzadas corroboran la débil y discontinua presencia de elementos achelenses característicos en este yacimiento, descartando la posibilidad de llegar a reconocer cualquier tipo de secuencia evolutiva en estos materiales. Nuestra principal conclusión es que las interpretaciones que proponen ver en la industria de Galería una secuencia representativa del Achelense europeo con una evolución progresiva, carecen de fundamento.
En los orígenes de El Argar: la cerámica decorada como indicador arqueológico de su espacio social inicial
Authors: Hernández Pérez Mauro S. , López Padilla Juan A. , Jover Maestre Francisco Javier
Published: June 2021

Se presenta una nueva propuesta sobre la dimensión espacial y temporal de los inicios del grupo argárico, a partir de los datos aportados por las actuaciones arqueológicas realizadas en el ámbito del Bajo Segura y Bajo Vinalopó durante esta última década, y de la evaluación de materiales arqueológicos y secuencias estratigráficas obtenidas en yacimientos excavados en la zona entre los años 1980 y 1990. Las dataciones radiocarbónicas y el análisis detenido del registro cerámico correspondiente a los estratos basales de yacimientos como Laderas del Castillo, Tabayá, Cabezo Pardo y Caramoro I nos permiten plantear la conformación de las bases materiales de la sociedad argárica en un territorio más amplio que el hasta ahora considerado como “área nuclear” de El Argar, en la que quedarían incluidas no solo la cuenca de Vera y el valle del Guadalentín, sino también la Vega Baja del Segura y el Bajo Vinalopó.
Género y edad en las necrópolis de la meseta norte durante la Edad del Hierro (siglos VI-II a. n. e.)
Authors: Liceras Garrido Raquel
Published: June 2021

Las necrópolis de la meseta constituyen uno de los conjuntos materiales fundamentales para entender la organización social de las comunidades del I milenio a. n. e. La tradición investigadora, que se remonta al siglo XVIII, frecuentemente ha atribuido algunos materiales de ajuar a un género o grupo de edad concreto sin el respaldo de análisis antropológicos. Desde la década de 1980, se han cuestionado dichas asociaciones y los estereotipos actualistas en que se basan. Este artículo se propone una aproximación inicial al tema de las relaciones entre los objetos funerarios y las características biológicas de los difuntos a partir de la bibliografía. Se centra en las necrópolis de Carratiermes, El Pradillo, Herrería III, La Yunta y Las Ruedas que cuentan con la información más completa. La muestra comprende 245 individuos para la Primera Edad del Hierro (siglos VI y IV a. n. e.) y otros 245 para la Segunda Edad del Hierro (finales del IV al II a. n. e.). Se analiza la distribución de la población por sexo y edad, atendiendo a la evolución de las curvas de mortalidad. También se lee la información en clave de género comparando las interpretaciones con los datos osteológicos. Además, se ofrecen algunas claves sobre la evolución de los materiales, la ausencia de marcadores de identidad y los principales ejes identitarios.
Ofrendas en el humedal: el santuario ibero de Haza del Rayo (Sabiote, Jaén)
Authors: Rueda Galán Carmen , Bellón Ruiz Juan P. , Herranz Sánchez Ana B. , Lechuga Chica Miguel A. , Ruiz Rodríguez Arturo , Moreno Padilla M.ª Isabel , Molinos Molinos Manuel , Rísquez Cuenca Carmen , Gutiérrez Rodríguez Mario , Portillo Marta
Published: June 2021

Damos a conocer el hallazgo de un santuario ibero, situado en la Loma de Úbeda (Jaén), en un punto clave de conexión entre los valles del Guadalquivir y del Guadalimar, definido como un espacio al aire libre, al que se asocia un depósito votivo del siglo III a. n. e. El interés de este estudio de caso radica en la aplicación de un protocolo fuertemente interdisciplinar, que parte de excavaciones arqueológicas, microprospecciones magnéticas sistemáticas y análisis combinados (micromorfología de suelos, análisis de polen y fitolitos, dataciones, estudios geo-radar 3D y análisis metalográficos). Este protocolo ha permitido documentar la dinámica ritual que involucra a una pequeña área de paleo-humedal, así como su caracterización general. Este espacio, definido como un punto clave en el itinerario ritual que parte de la ciudad de Baecula (Santo Tomé, Jaén) y se dirige al santuario de la Cueva de la Lobera en Castellar (Jaén), nos sitúa ante la complejidad de los paisajes religiosos en un territorio como el de Cástulo (Linares, Jaén) para los siglos IV-III a. n. e., en los que cobra importancia la incorporación de hitos naturales con significados culturales muy específicos.
Arte paleolítico en Salamanca. Nuevos hallazgos en el yacimiento de El Paraje de La Salud
Authors: Rivero Olivia , Bécares Julián , Álvarez-Fernández Esteban
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de la intervención realizada en el yacimiento de El Paraje de La Salud (Salamanca), con motivo del descubrimiento de un nuevo panel con grabados de cronología paleolítica. El conjunto ha sido estudiado empleando técnicas de restitución tridimensional con el fin de documentar tanto el soporte como los motivos grabados. Se trata de una muestra más de arte con cronología premagdaleniense realizado al aire libre, cuyas características técnicas y formales permiten ponerlo en relación con representaciones aparecidas en los conjuntos portugueses de Fariseu y Penascosa en el Côa, así como con el recientemente descubierto en Foz do Río Tua.