bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the ameliorative potential of Baccharis trimera in an experimental model of pulmonary disease
Authors: Souza Ronaldo de , Silva Gustavo Ratti , Souza Marilia Moraes Queiroz , Lagass-Pereira Lougan , Froehlich Diego Lacir , Ribeiro-Paes João Tadeu , Lívero Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis
Published: August 2022

Diabetes mellitus, tabagismo e dislipidemia são mais prevalentes em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), a quarta causa de mortalidade no mundo. Este estudo empregou um modelo de doença pulmonar em ratos Wistar que incorporou esses três fatores de risco e investigou os efeitos da Baccharis trimera, uma planta medicinal amplamente utilizada, uma vez que nenhum estudo avaliou seus efeitos pulmonares. Os ratos diabéticos e dislipidêmicos foram expostos à fumaça de cigarro por 4 semanas e tratados com veículo (grupo C-), extrato de B. trimera (HEBT), ou sinvastatina+insulina, por 2 semanas. O lavado broncoalveolar foi realizado para avaliar a inflamação. Os pulmões foram coletados para análises histopatológicas e do estado redox. Foi observada diminuição do peso corporal, aumento do estresse oxidativo, inflamação e alterações histopatológicas no grupo C-. HEBT reverteu essas alterações e apresentou efeito antiinflamatório moderado. O tratamento com HEBT apresentou efeitos promissores para a DPOC.
Strategic planning for food security
Authors: Voronina N. P.
Published: August 2022

Strategic planning as a management mechanism aimed at achieving the priority goals of the state, including the processes of goal-setting, forecasting and planning the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, is the most important political and legal basis for the development of Russia. Food security is an integral part of the national security of the Russian Federation. The modernization of strategic planning in the field of food security of the Russian Federation in 2022 led to the formulation of the task of ensuring the food independence of our country. The strategic planning documents in the field of food security define risks and threats, goals and objectives, indicators and assessment indicators, the main directions of state policy aimed at realizing the national interests of the Russian Federation. The conducted legal analysis of strategic planning documents in the field of food security at the federal level led to the conclusion that the Russian Federation has formed a multi-level system of political and legal acts aimed at achieving Russia’s indicators of food independence, improving the quality of life of citizens, providing the population with high-quality and safe food products, sustainable development and modernization of agriculture and fisheries and infrastructure, production of agricultural products that meet environmental, sanitary and epidemiological, veterinary requirements, increasing the efficiency of state support for agricultural producers, training highly qualified personnel for agriculture. At the same time, in modern geopolitical conditions, it is necessary to revise certain provisions of strategic planning documents in the field of ensuring food security in terms of clarifying target indicators, terms, measures of state support for agricultural producers. The article formulates the main directions of modernization of strategic planning documents to ensure food security.
Problems of legal support of Russia’s food security in the light of the sanctions policy of unfriendly states
Authors: Eliseev V. S.
Published: August 2022

The Article analyses the problems of legal provision of food security in the Russian Federation. The United Nations Commission on Agriculture has developed food security criteria such as physical availability of food to the population, affordability and food safety. The Russian approach, unlike the above, has supplemented it with an indicator of state food independence. This approach proved to be far-sighted and proved correct in the context of the policy of sanctions by leading European states against the Russian Federation, including their reinforcement caused by the special military operation in the territories of Ukraine, the Donetsk People’s Republic and the Luhansk People’s Republic. The author also points out the contradiction between the food security mechanism, which involves significant state support for agricultural producers, and the market mechanism for the sale of agricultural products. This led the author to conclude that the state should guarantee partial sales of agricultural products to Russian agricultural producers, thereby minimising the mechanism of bankruptcy for them due to stiff competition in the agricultural market.
Veterinary and sanitary measures to ensure food and environmental safety and digital technologies
Authors: Ustyukova V. V.
Published: August 2022

Food security includes several components, one of which is to provide the country’s population with safe and high—quality food, including animal products. Regulatory legal acts of Russia, as well as the Eurasian Economic Union, fixing veterinary and sanitary requirements for the production and sale of such products, as well as requirements for preventing hazardous biological waste from animal husbandry from entering the environment, are aimed at achieving this goal. The Rosselkhoznadzor carries out control and supervisory activities to comply with these requirements using digital technologies, in particular, the Federal State Information System in the Field of Veterinary Medicine (FGIS VetIS). Based on the analysis of judicial practice, it is concluded that the use of this information system ensures the prevention of low-quality and unsafe animal products on the consumer market, the detection of violations of veterinary legislation, legislation on environmental protection and thereby contributes to ensuring food and environmental safety.
Legal support of veterinary safety in the face of modern risks and threats
Authors: Vedysheva N. O.
Published: August 2022

The article shows the main risks and threats of a biological, veterinary nature that affect the national security of the Russian Federation in general, and food security in particular. The author examines the content of regulatory legal documents in the field of ensuring food, biological, environmental, veterinary safety. The activities of the World Organization for Animal Health, the International Epizootic Bureau, the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance are reflected. Particular attention is paid to the federal state systems in the field of veterinary safety: “Mercury” (veterinary certification), “Argus” (assessment of the country’s epizootic well-being), “Vesta” (centralized control over the work of laboratories), “Cerberus” (registries of enterprises with a compartment level, enterprises certified for the export of products to the countries of the Customs Union and not included in the CU, etc.), “Cyrano” (suppression of the facts of circulation of potentially unsafe products that do not meet veterinary and sanitary requirements), etc.
Legal aspects of ensuring environmental safety in the field of protection against the negative impact of water
Authors: Amashukeli S. A.
Published: August 2022

In the article legal problems of ecological safety in the sphere of the protectionfrom negative impact of water are considered. On the base the comprehensive analysis of strategic plan documents in the field water relations and ecological safety, and also existing water and ecological legislation the author has shown the relevance of the protection from negative impact of water in Russia, the place of the protection from negative impact of water in the structure of ecological safety, the correlation of legislation on population and territoryprotection in emergencies and ecological, water, other natural resource legal rules in the sphere, problems of determine the criteria for categorizing types of negative impact of water are examined.

The author gives a legal assessment of current state of methods of the protectionfrom negative impact of the water legal regulation, allocation of power and liability for the development and the implementation of measures to prevent the negative impact of water, analyses recent water legislative changes. The authorconcludes what despite high significance and the complex institution of the protection from negative impact of water, a unified approach to conception of types of negative impact of water and the principle of comprehensiveness of the application of methods of protection from its is absent. Problems of ecological regulation of negative impact of water gaps in the law and the responsibility for the engineering protection remain relevant.
A Retrospective Study of Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery with or without Receiving Alvimopan: Comparing Length of Stay and Total Direct Cost
Authors: Lister Yenisey , Mederos Raul , Veciana Nestor
Published: August 2022

Objective: Alvimopan (Entereg®) has been shown to accelerate the recovery time of upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) system following partial large or small bowel resection with primary anastomosis. Alvimopan acquisition cost can increase health care costs. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of alvimopan reducing the length of stay (LOS) and total direct cost in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Materials and methods: Data was collected using the Crimson Clinical Advantage software. The software identified 64 patients who underwent major small and large bowel surgical procedures from July 2018 to February 2019. Patients’ demographics, comorbidities, and treatment details were collected. Two groups where analyzed, patients that received alvimopan 12mg twice daily for up to 15 doses or until patients discharged, which ever occur first, with controls (patients who did not receive alvimopan). The data was retrospectively collected from patient records at Hialeah Hospital. The primary endpoints included reduction in both length of stay and total direct cost. Results: The study reviewed 64 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 33 (51.5%) of these patients received alvimopan. When comparing both groups, alvimopan treatment was associated with a reduced duration mean of hospitalization (4.48 vs 7.39 days, P < 0.01). In addition, almivopan was also associated with a significant reduction of the average total direct cost for treatment group ($7,965 vs $9,100), a difference of 12.4%. Conclusion: Patients who undergo segmental bowel resection with primary anastomosis and received alvimopan had a reduction of the length of stay and total direct costs compared with control group.
The Meaning of Clinical Normality
Authors: Boorse Christopher
Published: August 2022

Many writers have called the term ‘normal’ highly ambiguous both in and out of medicine, especially between descriptive and normative meanings. But careful analysis shows that its ambiguity is much less than usually supposed. In fact, all correct nontechnical uses of ‘normal’ mean “typical” in some way – either typical, at least typical, or at most typical – and therefore express no value judgments except by contextual implication. The distinctive, purely medical use, as the opposite of ‘pathological’, is just a specialization of the second meaning, to at-least-typical biological part-function. As statisticians have often warned, one must not confuse this uniquely medical use with a general use formerly applied to clinical tests, in the term “normal range.” That term is misleading because the reference ranges of clinical variables entail nothing about pathology, for three reasons: besides resting on an arbitrary choice of a 95% central range, they are derived from apparently healthy populations, and the variables’ connection to underlying biological function can be very indirect. So the term “clinical abnormality” is best restricted to a diagnosed or diagnosable pathological condition. If so, true clinical normality contrasts with theoretical normality in some interesting ways: it may or may not correlate with disease severity; it is individual-relative; and it is partly determined by value judgments.
Neuroscience of Emotion, Cognition, and Decision Making: A Review
Authors: Levine Daniel
Published: August 2022

The traditional idea of emotion and cognition in Western culture is that emotion is separate from, and inferior to, cognition. This article reviews results from experimental neuroscience that refute this notion and support the idea that emotion and cognition are partners that depend on each other for organized decision making. Cooperation between cortical and subcortical parts of the brain is essential for behavior that adapts successfully to the environment in pursuit of goals. Concurrently, there has been a rich development of computational neural network theories that combine emotion as a source of values with reason as a process of discerning the actions that will best implement those values. Incorporating the partnership view of emotion and cognition encourages integration of those two aspects of the psyche, with benefit both for mental illness treatment and for making society more cooperative.
Engineering New Immunotherapies against Cancer using Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles and Supported by Preclinical Data
Authors: Galen James , Pham Thanh
Published: August 2022

Cancer remains a serious challenge to public health, with breast cancer, lung, and colorectal cancers predominating in both incidence and deaths worldwide. Significant advances have been made in the therapeutic treatment and resolution of non-solid tumors using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy to break immune tolerance and initiate tumor clearance. However, these innovative strategies have enjoyed only limited success with solid tumors, especially in late-stage cancers in which tumor size is large. An immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that surrounds and protects solid tumors significantly confounds the ability of the host immune system to target and eliminate tumor tissue. Novel technologies using nanomedicines have begun to yield promising results by penetrating into the microenvironment to stimulate innate immunity and induce trafficking of activated antigen presenting cells to regional lymph nodes, ultimately leading to tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. One type of nanomedicine that is generating increasing enthusiasm in the field of immunotherapy are bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that can be genetically engineered to surface-express tumor-associated antigens; the resulting recombinant OMVs (rOMVs) can then be purified as immunotherapeutic vaccines. Recent data from experimental animal models have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in tumor challenge models. Such promising experiments suggest the possibility of translating these novel strategies into success with solid tumors in clinical trials. In this review, we will summarize current research using purified rOMVs as immunotherapeutic vaccines and further discuss potential obstacles that still need to be adequately addressed to ensure success in human trials.
Asthma and Lung Function in Adulthood After Early-Childhood Wheezing
Authors: Korppi Matti
Published: August 2022

The risk of asthma and lung function reduction is increased in children who have presented with wheezing associated with respiratory tract infection in early childhood. Three prospective cohort studies consisting of patients hospitalized for infection-associated wheezing at <24 months of age, which started in Finland and Sweden in the 1980`s and 1990`s, have reported outcomes at >25 years of age. These three cohorts are even globally the only cohorts consisting of early-childhood wheezers followed prospectively until adulthood. Initially, the studies were not controlled, and the risk of asthma and reduced lung function and the risk factors in question were assessed by analyses within the cohorts. Matched population-based controls without wheezing history in early childhood were recruited for the studies in adulthood. One follow-up included only questionnaire data without lung function results. Two studies included control visits, and one of them presented clinical and lung function data, and the other clinical and bronchial reactivity data. Respiratory syncytial virus was identified on admission in all three post-wheezing cohorts, and rhinoviruses in the newest cohort from the 1990`s. The present narrative review summarizes data on asthma and lung function reduction in adults aged >25 years after hospitalization for wheezing at age <24 months compared to population-based controls in the three until now published prospective post-wheezing cohorts. The frequency of doctor-diagnosed asthma varied from 10.3% to 36.6%, and that of self-reported symptom-based asthma from 35.4% to 40.7%. The differences between cases and controls were significant and robust to adjustments with current smoking and allergic rhinitis, which were associated with asthma in all cohorts. One cohort study reported lung function results, and both baseline and post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volumes were lower in cases than in controls. About 10-15% of former early-childhood wheezers presented with irreversible lung function reduction characteristic to chronic obstructive lung disease. Family asthma was associated with current asthma, but other early risk factors, with exception of blood eosinophilia in one cohort, were not anymore predictive. In conclusion, hospitalization for infection-associated wheezing at <24 months of age was an independently significant risk factor of asthma in adults at >25 years of age.
Medical students’ metacognition and perceptions of learning behavior in problem based versus science-based curriculum
Authors: Gillissen Adrian , Kochanek Tonja , Ehlers Jan
Published: August 2022

Background: This study explores metacognitive competencies of medical students and provides insight into student’s perceptions on self-regulated and co-regulated learning preferences depending on curriculum type. Once in Germany universities medical students are taught either a problem-based curriculum (PBC) or the classical science based curriculum (SBC), this study evaluates the impact of these two teaching methods on students’ learning behavior. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 28 medical students were performed. Data collection and analysis were conducted iteratively, informed by principles of constructivist grounded theory. These study function as the basis to conceptualize a quantitative questionnaire. Results: Although learning strategies were similar, major differences between groups were the motivation in undergraduate level. PBC -students preferred early patient presentation in undergraduate courses which eases the acquisition of the underlying scientific knowledge base, further triggering the desire to learn beyond the regular curriculum. SBC -students learn primarily for exams using simple memorization, arguing that the tight curriculum and the amplitude of learning matter impede them to study beyond the necessary evil. Studying motivation in PBC is higher than in SBC students although the latter expressed their excitement to see patients when entering the postgraduate study level. Conclusions: PBC teaching style and working with patients already in undergraduate level motivates students in learning beyond the required minimum than in SBC. With increasing learning load students focus on exam preparations. The study findings suggest an educational model being learner driven, patient case-centered and preferably based on real time observations in order to better apply medical knowledge to the patient case at hand.
Factors Influencing the Asthma Control among Children
Authors: Sultana Razia , Ghani Mansoor , Smith Ann , Ashraf Shazia , Bashir Shakeela
Published: August 2022

Background: Bronchial sensitive individuals are prone to develop many health issues from airborne allergens, and viral and bacterial respiratory infections. Studies have shown that airborne allergen causes allergies and asthma in the susceptible population. Some other environmental factors such as tobacco smoke, air pollution and diet have also been linked to an increased risk for the onset of asthma. The burden of asthma is increasing day by day but the exact etiology of asthma is yet unknown. Some genetic predisposition and environmental factors are thought to play a role in causation of disease, yet how they interact to cause asthma it is still being investigated. Methods & Study Design: A Cross- sectional analytical study design was used to determine the various environmental factors that can trigger asthma and their association with asthma control among school aged asthmatic children, 4-12 years age. A questionnaire was used to find out various environmental factors that can trigger asthma attacks. Data was represented in the form of tables and the chi square test was used to determine the association of various environmental factors with asthma control. Results: A total of 196 asthmatic children and their parents participated in this study. The chi-square test showed that female parents control asthma more effectively as compared to male parents. The majority of parents 118 (60.2%) were living in urban areas, 180 (91.8%) parents had low income adequacy level, 119 (60.7%) parents' homes had 1-2 rooms, and 118 (60.2%) homes were congested/poor ventilated. Environmental factors had a direct link with asthma. Children exposure to passive-smoking 106 (54.08%), exercise (p =.035*), sports (p =.015*), cold weather (p =.002*), seasonal allergy (p =.002*), allergic rhinitis (p =.004*), small homes (p =.008*) and, uneducated parents (no education or primary only) (p =.035*) are factors that are associated with high asthma rates. Conclusion: Asthma is influenced by environmental factors. By modifying environmental factors, we can improve the number of asthma episodes among asthmatic children.
Is an x-ray of the knee sufficient to assess the alignment of the leg? A study of total joint replacement with surgical navigation.
Authors: Vaquero Daniel
Published: August 2022

Background: Understanding the femorotibial mechanical axis (FTMA) of the leg is a necessary requirement to assess the outcome of total knee replacement (TKR). Short radiographs, which only capture the knee joint and do not include the center of the femoral head and center of the ankle, only provide us the anatomical axis (FTAA), and not the FTMA. The purpose of this study was to compare the FTMA and FTAA before and after navigated TKR. Methods: In 130 patients undergoing surgery to implant the same TKR model, an x-ray was taken including the hip, knee and ankle. Images were analysed using a computer program that calculates the mechanical and anatomical axis of the femur, tibia and femorotibial joint. An image-free navigation system with femorotibial tensioned gap technique was used for the arthroplasty implantation. After surgery, a new long x-ray was taken, where the measurements indicated above were taken again. Results: Pre-operative x-rays showed a mean difference of 6º between FTAA and FTMA (p<0.001). No significant interaction was seen with patient height, but it was in patients with varus deformity and higher BMI (p=0.029); the greatest discrepancy between the anatomical and mechanical axis of the limb was found in individuals with excess weight. After TKR, the mean FTMA was modified to achieve a neutral axis (180° ±3°), as well as a concentration of the figures that showed great pre-procedure disparity, which was verified by the difference in the pre- and post-operative SD (11.85 versus 3.13). The maximum difference between FTAA and FTMA, which stood at 18º before decreased to 5.5º post-TKR. Conclusions: There is a major discrepancy between the FTAA and FTMA that increases when there is pre-operative varus deformity and in patients with excess weight. After TKR, the FTMA became concentrated, and the mean axis shifted towards the neutral axis. Performing x-rays that only include the knee is not useful for assessing the limb’s alignment prior to or after TKR.
What Can We Learn from The Hormonal Mechanisms and Tumor- Inducing Bacteria That Regulate Vascular Differentiation and Cancer in Plants?
Authors: Aloni Roni
Published: August 2022

Plants and human beings develop vascular tissues that enable their growth and function. Auxin (IAA) in plants, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in humans, are the major signaling molecules that induce and regulate vascular development in both normal and cancer tissues. Mechanisms that induce vascular tissues in plants are discussed, aiming to stimulate similar advanced medical research in the human body. The focus is on organized and cancerous vascular differentiation, regulation of vein pattern formation, and the control of vessel diameter by hormonal gradients. Moreover, to understand the involvement of bacteria in cancer development in both plants and humans, for developing combined novel cancer therapy treatments in human beings with antibiotics and jasmonates.
Implications of Analysis on Korean Democracy for Political Education
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Yu Kyungha
Published: August 2022

In order to evaluate the democratic performance and qualitative maturity of Korean democracy, this study analyzed the cases that were at the center of controversy during the 000 government by methods that focused on sub-systems of the multi-dimensionality of democracy. For the case analysis, four sub-systems (Electoral Integrity, rule of law, vertical accountability, and horizontal accountability) were each assumed. As a result of the analysis, it can be said that democracy in Korea has developed significantly over the past 30 years, but during the recent 000 government, by confirming the degenerative phenomenon of democracy in all areas of the applied sub-systems, it did not reach beyond the consolidation of democracy to the deepening of the quality of actual democracy. The analysis showed the stagnation or decline of democratic performance during the time of the 000 government. The rule of law and the democratic mechanisms to check the president who privatized power did not work as intended. Contrary to the many advances made in inter-procedural democracy, it confirms that there are still many shortcomings in effective checks and monitoring of the powers wielded by the president.
Analyzing the Training Activity System of a Person-Centered Counseling Community
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Song Eunhee , Yoon Chohee
Published: August 2022

This study is a case study that analyzed the training activity of a person-centered counseling community. The purpose of the study is to analyze the activity system of counselor training as a context for a community of practice for learning, and Engeström’s activity theory was used as a framework for analysis. For this purpose, six trainees who had participated in the training activity of A counseling institute for 3~5 years participated in the study, and interviews and class observations were conducted. As a result of the analysis, the six components of the activity system were identified, and contradictions within and between the components, and between activity systems were identified. In the activity system of the counselor training, supervisors and trainees participated as “subjects” in the activities to achieve the “object” of being a person-centered counselor; and “mediating artifacts” between subject and object were the person-centered counseling theory, the supervisor as a tool, modeling techniques, and person-centered culture. The counseling “community” was operated based on the implicit “rules” of autonomy, openness, and acceptance and the autonomous “division of labors” of clients, observers, and counselors. As the activity theory emphasizes contradictions as a core principle of community development, there are three major contradictions found in the activity system. First, confusion among “subjects” was indicated as a contradiction within an activity component; Secondly, objectification of the tool and the conflict among communities, subjects, and rules were identified as a contradiction between components; Lastly, as a contradiction between activity systems, a dilemma caused by the conflict of world views was identified. These contradictions were overcome by “exposure”, “awareness”, “expansion of perspective”, and “solidification of identity”. Based on the results, the concept of a counseling community was presented as an educational alternative to the counseling training process.
A Longitudinal Relationship between Parental Abuse and Adolescent Aggression: Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Modeling
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Han Mira , Kim Gwangsu
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to longitudinally analyze how parental abuse perceived by adolescents and adolescent aggression change over time and the reciprocal causal relationship between the two variables. For this purpose, autoregressive cross-lagged modeling was applied using panel data from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey 2010 (KCYPS 2010). Specifically, data surveyed at three points in elementary school 6 (2012), middle school 2 (2014), and high school 1 (2016) among the data of the elementary 4 panel of KCYPS 2010 were used as the study object. As a result of the study, first, the parental abuse perceived by adolescents remained stable over time. Second, adolescent aggression remained stable over time. Third, parental abuse perceived by adolescents at the previous time point had a positive effect on the adolescent aggression at the later time point. Fourth, adolescent aggression at the previous time point had a positive effect on parental abuse perceived by the adolescents at the later time point. Finally, we discussed the establishment of educational measures that can lead adolescents to live an adaptive and healthy life while growing from elementary school to high school.
A validated stability indicating reverses phase liquid chromatographic method for the determination of valacyclovir
Authors: Shaikh Shoheb Shakil , Padri V. K.
Published: August 2022

A simple reverse phase liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detector was developed for the accurate determination of Valacyclovir using GracesmartRP18, C18 Column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μm particle size). The mobile phase used for the determination was Methanol: Citric Acid buffer in a ratio of 60: 40 v/v at a flow rate of 1.0 mL per min. Valacyclovir was eluted at 2.2 ± 0.1 min and detected at 254 nm. The method is linear over the concentration range of 10-50 µg/mL with correlation co-efficient r = 0.999. The plate count and tailing factor was found 3847 and 1.24 respectively. The developed method was proved to be robust after extensively validated with different parameters such as Linearity, Precision, Accuracy, Robustness, Ruggedness, Limit of Detection (LOD), Limit of Quantification (LOQ) and specificity. The validated method is definite, meticulous and reproducible and can be used for routine analysis of Valacyclovir in bulk form.
Pharmacognostical, phytochemical standardization and anticonvulsant activity study of sesbania grandiflora flowers
Authors: Shaikh Shoheb Shakil
Published: August 2022

In the India there is a good biodiversity in plants. Plants based medicinal products used as integrated part of treatment on most of traditional systems of medicines. Sesbania grandiflora is a plant which used traditionally for many medicinal used which belongs in family Fabaceae. Present study was about investigated the Physicochemical and Phytochemical studies on selected plant such as Sesbania grandiflora. For the study Soxhlet apparatus was used for extraction of plant materials with using water, ethanol and chloroform as extractive solvents. Standard chemicals and methods were used for the qualitative determination of plant S. grandiflora flowers extract. The study investigation was followed to determine the presence of chemical compound in flowers part of plant as well as to investigate the quality of drug. Result found that the different flower extract may presence of alkaloids, steroids, tannins, sterols, flavonoid etc. The pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizure model was used for testing anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic, aqueous and chloroform extracts(100mg/kg) of Sesbania grandiflora flowers. The extracts significantly (*p < 0.01) reduced the duration of convulsion and delay onset of seizure. The study results that Sesbania grandiflora flowers has anticonvulsant activity.
Suicidio de médicos. Una realidad ignorada
Authors: Alvarado-Socarras Jorge , Manrique-Hernández Edgar
Published: August 2022

Hoy se conoce que la tasa de suicidio entre médicos es más elevada que en la población general, en Estados Unidos una revisión halló que la tasa de suicidio en médicos es de 28 a 40 por 100.000, mayor a la presentada en población general de 12,3 por cada 100.0003. Schernhammer, et al. encontraron que el Riesgo Relativo (RR) para suicidio en los hombres médicos era 1,41 (IC del 95% 1,21 a 1,65) y 2,27 (IC de 95% =1,90 a 2,73) para las mujeres médicas, comparado con la población general4. Situación que puede estar subestimada, dado a las malas codificaciones al momento de los registros, por ejemplo, reportando como muerte por intoxicación los casos de suicidio por sobredosis, esto quizás producido por el estigma social que conlleva.
A Photovoltaic System Controlled by the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Supplied a Shunt Active Power Filter
Authors: Cherfi Mohamed Khelil , Gacemi Abderrezak , Morsli Abdelkader , Tlemçani Abdelhalim
Published: August 2022

The distortion of the currents caused by non linear loads gives rise to harmonics that shorten the life of the devices and damage the electrical grid, causing malfunctions and overheating. The distortion of the currents caused by non linear loads gives rise to harmonics that shorten the life of the devices and damage the electrical grid, causing malfunctions and overheating. Mitigation of harmonics problems and reactive power compensation are necessary in order to improve the Total Harmonic Distortion and increase the power factor. The Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) reduces harmonics and greatly improves the sinusoidal shape of the current. This paper presents an application of the photovoltaic system that envelops photovoltaic energy source and DC-DC boost converter, for the control of the latter, we used the MPPT technique based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to supply a two-level inverter applied to a SAPF based on three phases connected to the grid. The obtained results obtained with MATLAB/Simulink show clearly a good performance of the SAPF with the integration of the proposed work. Again, these results are compatible with those required by the electrical network and which follow the international standard recommendation IEEE-519 1992.
Análisis comparativo de normativas arquitectónicas en estaciones de bomberos de Chile, Colombia, Venezuela y Perú
Authors: Vidal-Valladolid Miguel Ángel , Goluchowska-Trampczynska Katarzyna
Published: August 2022

El método de análisis comparativo ad hoc, aplicado a los estándares de las estaciones de bomberos en ámbitos urbanos de países andinos sudamericanos, permitió evaluar similitudes y diferencias entre las normas o regulaciones implícitas de Venezuela, Colombia, Chile y Perú, con la finalidad de obtener criterios o lineamientos de diseño para nuevas estaciones en Lima. Entre los resultados obtenidos se han establecidos criterios de localización basados en aspectos como: área de cobertura, emplazamiento y riesgos para la edificación, servicios públicos, red de comunicación de emergencias, entre otros. El programa arquitectónico consta de zonas para: equipos y mantenimiento, entrenamiento y capacitación, residencial y de esparcimiento, administrativo y de servicios. Los criterios de diseño arquitectónico se agruparon en: aspectos formales, funcionales, y de especialidades técnicas que condicionan la arquitectura. Adicionalmente, se concluyó que en la zona urbana limeña para el programa arquitectónico se requiere como mínimo 1,317.6 m2 de área techada.
Registro y perspectiva: Leer, años después, un texto de Jesús Martín Barbero
Authors: Rey Beltrán Germán
Published: August 2022

Como un homenaje con motivo de su reciente fallecimiento, la revista Comunicación de la UPB publica en este número el manuscrito “Globalización y multiculturalidad”, del maestro Jesús Martín Barbero, que se publicó originalmente en 1998, cuando esta revista era un medio impreso. Desde la sociedad contemporánea, el profesor Germán Rey relee, presenta y problematiza el texto de su antiguo compañero.
Análisis de la red social Tuenti como compañía filial de Telefónica y comparativa con Facebook en popularidad (2008-2012)
Authors: Vázquez-Miraz Pedro , Medina-Reyes María Fernanda , Álvarez-Merlano Nicolás
Published: August 2022

La columna vertebral del presente artículo de investigación se focalizó en examinar Tuenti, plataforma española fundada en 2006 que llegó a ser una red social de enorme popularidad en España al punto de ser adquirida en el año 2010 por Telefónica. A través de una revisión documental de fuentes de carácter científico y periodístico, se presentó en este documento la exploración de la trayectoria de Tuenti desde sus inicios hasta su desaparición como red social en el año 2016. Asimismo, se realizó a través de la herramienta Google Trends una comparativa entre el interés relativo de Tuenti y Facebook en España durante el periodo 2008-2012 con el objetivo de analizar la evolución de su popularidad (en el corto plazo) entre el antes y el después de la adquisición de Tuenti por parte de Telefónica. Los resultados obtenidos han demostrado que Telefónica no tenía ningún interés por Tuenti como red social pero sí en sus usuarios como potenciales clientes de sus productos, ignorando datos que evidenciaban la tendencia imbatible de Facebook, tales como la popularidad de Facebook con respecto a Tuenti en Cataluña (una región de España con un alto poder económico) en contraste con los datos de Tuenti en el sur de la nación (menos desarrollada) o que en febrero del 2010 Facebook ya era más popular que Tuenti; evidenciándose así que está compra empresarial reflejaba un potencial fracaso.
Bioterrorismo: amenaza para el Estado colombiano. Análisis biopolítico en el marco de la seguridad nacional
Authors: Conde Mesa Javier Hernando
Published: August 2022

Se realiza una investigación en los campos de acción sicosocial y político del Estado colombiano soportado en un proceso de revisión documental con un enfoque cualitativo cuyo propósito es describir, en principio, los conceptos, elementos, características y algunas de las teorías más representativas del terrorismo y su transición al bioterrorismo, con el ánimo de establecer el impacto generado en los intereses y objetivos nacionales en el marco de los principios bioéticos, la biopolítica y el bioderecho en concordancia con los postulados legales, normativos y doctrinarios de la seguridad nacional. Así, el objetivo propuesto es establecer desde la biopolítica porqué el bioterrorismo se convierte en una amenaza para el Estado colombiano en el marco de la seguridad nacional, transformándose en una herramienta de apoyo para la toma de decisiones por parte del alto mando militar colombiano y el conductor político del Estado; permitiendo el diseño, la formulación y desarrollo de políticas públicas, así como las disposiciones necesarias para mitigar los riesgos generados por el bioterrorismo con miras al alcance de los objetivos e intereses nacionales tomando como eje de análisis este fenómeno, su impacto en la supervivencia humana de cara al principio bioético de vulnerabilidad.
Responsabilidad por culpa patronal. Análisis de los regímenes de responsabilidad civil propuestos para su explicación
Authors: Gallego Soto Cristian Mauricio
Published: August 2022

La responsabilidad por culpa patronal (art. 126 Código Sustantivo del Trabajo), funde sus raíces en el derecho laboral y, por tanto, se constituye autónoma frente a otros campos del derecho. Los regímenes de responsabilidad contractual y extracontractual afincan sus particularidades en los cánones del derecho civil donde se regulan sus propios escenarios de aplicación. Sin embargo, esta posición dualista, lo contractual y extracontractual, no contienen los basamentos necesarios para dar una respuesta asertiva a la estructura teórico-jurídica de la responsabilidad por culpa patronal. Se sigue el parámetro metodológico, de análisis documental con enfoque crítico y cualitativo de la jurisprudencia y doctrina nacional. Las resultas de la indagación, deja ver que la posición de la Sala de Casación Laboral de la Corte Suprema de Justicia no tiene coherencia teórico-jurídica para ofrecer una comprensión de la responsabilidad por culpa patronal, ya sea desde el ámbito de la responsabilidad contractual o de la extracontractual.
La gobernanza como modelo de gestión pública a debate: breve análisis del Marco de Gobernanza sobre la Migración de la OIM
Authors: Ortiz Gómez María Guadalupe
Published: August 2022

En las últimas décadas el término de gobernanza se ha posicionado como un elemento clave en los discursos políticos y académicos. De igual forma, se ha propuesto como elemento orquestador del conjunto social en todas sus dimensiones. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar, desde el marco de los estudios de gubernamentalidad neoliberal, las implicaciones que tiene la aplicación de la noción de gobernanza como modelo de gestión pública. Tiene como eje principal el análisis de los roles y la distribución de las responsabilidades asignadas desde este modelo al Estado, el mercado y la sociedad. Las tendencias muestran que existe un debilitamiento de la ética de responsabilidad social del Estado, desplazando a ésta hacia los ciudadanos.
Perspectivas en la aplicación del derecho de compensación en el sistema financiero peruano
Authors: Machuca Vílchez Jorge Antonio
Published: August 2022

El derecho de compensación en el sistema financiero es uno de los mecanismos existentes para proteger el ahorro en el Perú. En efecto, brinda una prerrogativa a las empresas del sistema financiero a fin que recuperen los montos adeudados de sus clientes con los activos del deudor que mantengan en su poder. No obstante, la aplicación de este derecho por parte de las instituciones de intermediación financiera no ha resultado pacífica por la diferente perspectiva que a nivel institucional existe: Tanto la Autoridad de Consumo (Instituto Nacional de Defensa de la Competencia y Protección de la Propiedad Intelectual, Indecopi), como el regulador financiero (Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP, SBS) y la Corte Suprema del Perú, han evidenciado una opinión distinta en relación a cómo debe configurarse la aplicación del derecho de compensación en el sistema financiero. En ese sentido, el objetivo del presente artículo es revisar los hitos interpretativos que en torno al derecho de compensación se han presentado en el Perú, entender la lógica de este derecho así como los criterios que subyacen a su aplicación, y, a partir de ello, reflexionar en torno a las perspectivas de esta institución jurídica.
Emergencia, resignificación y politización de identidades en contextos de dislocación social: caso barra “Los Del Sur”, 1997-2016
Authors: Carmona Cardona Santiago
Published: August 2022

Desde un enfoque no esencialista este artículo brinda un análisis sobre el carácter contingente de las identidades. Tomando como referente a la barra popular Los Del Sur, se muestra como las identidades políticas pueden emerger, resignificarse y politizarse en contextos de dislocación social. En este orden de ideas se describe en qué medida factores como el contexto, la institucionalidad por medio de las políticas públicas, la estructura organizativa y el repertorio de prácticas de la barra han incidido durante el desarrollo histórico del grupo, en su identidad política.
La actitud personalista: Edmund Husserl, Max Scheler y Edith Stein
Authors: Moran Dermot
Published: August 2022

Este artículo discute las considerables semejanzas entre las concepciones de la persona defendidas por Husserl, Scheler y Stein, según las cuales la persona es un valor absoluto que se ejercita en tomas de posición. Para los fenomenólogos clásicos (Husserl, Scheler y Stein), la ética concierne a la persona en su totalidad, incluyendo las dimensiones afectiva y racional, el intelecto y el corazón, así como la volición. Las personas se distinguen por su agencia libre, por su capacidad para reconocer normas, y por su habilidad para interactuar responsablemente con otros agentes personales en el contexto del mundo-de-la-vida comunitario e histórico.
Application of the transformed-interview method in investigation of sexual crimes in Ukraine
Authors: Ivanchenko Andreyanna , Safin Oleksandr , Timchenko Oleksander , Khrystenko Vitalii 
Published: August 2022

The crime detection of sexual violence needs to be optimized and improved. This study aims to substantiate, elaborate, and apply in practice the method of a transformed interview (based on mathematical modeling) to obtain information about sexual violence. For the first time the transformed-interview method was used while studying the hidden (latent) victims of sexual violence who do not want to report a crime to law enforcement agencies because they do not want the fact of violence against them to be made public. Participated 2570 Ukrainian women of different social status, 16-35 years old. It was found that the increase of intermediaries during the information transmission reduces reliability of the information about crimes against the person’s sexual inviolability. While investigating such types of crimes the needed information can be obtained with a higher degree of reliability not from the victim, but from her closest surroundings. The transformed-interview method proved to be an effective tool to extract the information related to the behavior of both the offender and his victim. This method shows reliability and makes it possible to reduce the latency of most crimes in the situation of the victim’s refusal to testify at the re-trial investigation.
Estratégias de aprendizagem de alunos do ensino fundamental em processo de alfabetização
Authors: Mello Fabiane de Oliveira , Zedu Alliprandini Paula Mariza
Published: August 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral verificar e analisar qualitativamente o repertório de estratégias de aprendizagem utilizadas por alunos com e sem dificuldades de aprendizagem em processo de alfabetização. Participaram da pesquisa 8 alunos, com 8 anos de idade, sendo 4 alunos de sala regular e 4 de sala de recursos. Foi aplicada individualmente uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados evidenciaram maior frequência no uso de estratégias cognitivas e diferenças entre os alunos dois grupos quanto ao uso das estratégias cognitivas e de administração de recursos. As estratégias disfuncionais apresentaram-se com maior frequência pelos alunos da sala de recursos. Sugere-se que os professores aprimorem seus conhecimentos sobre estratégias de aprendizagem, possibilitando aos seus alunos uma aprendizagem mais significativa e autônoma.
Traços psicopáticos em jovens e pertença a grupos de pares antinormativos
Authors: Andrade Ferraz Cristiana Isabel , Carvalho Relva Inês Moura de Sousa , Dos Santos Simões Alice Margarida Martins
Published: August 2022

Esta investigação teve como objetivo estabelecer uma relação entre os traços psicopáticos e a pertença a grupos de pares antinormativos numa amostra de adolescentes portugueses. Foram incluídos 517 adolescentes de escolas da zona norte de Portugal, comidades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 18 anos. Utilizou-se a Escala de Antinormatividade Grupal (EAG) e o Youth Psychopathic Inventory Traits Reconstruted (YPI-RE). Os resultados indicaram influências do sexo e da idade ao nível da Antinormatividade Grupal e dos traços psicopáticos, e do estado civil dos pais a nível dos traços psicopáticos. Registou-se uma correlação positiva significativa entre a Antinormatividade Grupal e os traços psicopáticos, e, concluiu-se que a Irresponsabilidade, a Busca de Perigo e o sexo masculino predizem a Antinormatividade Grupal.