bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Zinc on the Growth of Several Vegetables
Authors: Lin Chen , Ge Xiu Li
Published: March 2015

Heavy metal zinc is one of the trace elements necessary to the growth of vegetable, but Zn excessiveness also could cause damage. In this research, four vegetables were planted by soil culture method under different Zn2+concentration controlled by the exogenous Zn2+addition; their growth characteristics were analyzed to find the sensitive growth indexes to Zn and compare their tolerance to Zn pollution. Results show that: low concentration of Zn2+(< 100 mg/kg) can promote significantly the plant height and the root length growth of all the four vegetables, while, as the exogenous Zn2+increased to the concentration of 150 mg/ kg, the number of leaves, the above-ground dry biomass and the underground dry biomass were suppressed significantly; in this experiment, the four vegetables appeared different sensitivity to Zn stress,Lactucasativavar.longifoliafappeared highest tolerance andBrassicachinensisappeared less sensitivity to Zn stress.
Research on Purifying Hypocrellin by Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction (MISPE)
Authors: Shi Wen Yu , Lv Ping , Zhang Tong Cun , Zhu Hong
Published: March 2015

Separation and purification of hypocrellin A (HA) and hypocrellin B (HB) are conducted for extracted concentrated solution of hypocrellin through dry packing of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) of hypocrellin A and B and preparative solid phase extraction column. The result shows that the optimum packing column combination for mixed adsorption is H5 (i.e. MIP of hypocrellin A and B are respectively 10.5g and 4.5g), and that the elution sequence is hypocrellin A elution first and then hypocrellin B elution next after the eluent is changed.
Research of Maximum Power Point Tracking Based on Self-Tuning Fuzzy PID Control in PV Grid-Connected Generation System
Authors: Xia Yu , Luo Xiao Lin , Shi Wei Sheng
Published: March 2015

In order to improve working efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) system and decrease outputs fluctuation. A method of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) based on self-tuning fuzzy PID control is proposed. Based on analysis of typical PV cell characteristics, a combination of PID control and fuzzy control is proposed according to the shortage of perturbation and observation (P&O) method. The model of PV grid-connected system was established and simulated in Matlab. Results show that the method tracks changes of external solar intensity rapidly and accurately, and it makes PV system work with good dynamic and static performance. Besides, viewpoint that the higher of solar intensity, the more instability in the output parameters of PV cell is proposed.
Study on Effect Characteristics and Mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus on Albite
Authors: Wang Jian Ping , Li Qiong Fang , Dong Fa Qin , He Xin , Zhang Wei , Yang Li Jun , Zhang Wen Jing
Published: March 2015

In order to more deeply understand the mechanism between microorganism and atmospheric inhaled mineral fine particles. Albite, the typical mineral fine particle in the atmosphere, was used as the research object. This study investigated the air common bacteria-Staphylococcus aureusacted on albite for 7 days. By inductively coupled plasma (ICP), zeta potentials analyzer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) testing means, we can analyse soluble ions, surface charge, surface groups and surface morphology of albite. The results were listed as followes: 1Staphylococcus aureuscould promote the dissolution of albite, and promote the soluble Si, Al and Fe ions; 2Staphylococcus aureuswould adsorb on albite surface, gave its some characteristics to albite, changed surface charge, and made the zeta potential move in the positive direction. The above results are important for the establishment of the inhaled fine particles of mineral environmental and health impact assessment system.
Study on the Salinity Domestication and Mechanism of Nitrite Nitrogen Removal of Acinetobacter lwoffii
Authors: Yuan Chun Ying , Li Chuan Xu , Wang Yue , Cui Qing Man
Published: March 2015

In this paper, the salinity domestication and mechanism of nitrite nitrogen removal ofAcinetobacter lwoffiiwere studied.The results showed that the optimum domestication salinityof the bacteria was 0.5% NaCl. It was speculated that the bacteria might have both oxidase andreductase, transform the nitrite nitrogen into ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and then usethem to synthesis the body protein. It also found that high concentrations of sodium nitrite hadinhibition effect on the bacteria growth.
Airborne Microbial Contamination Investigation in Public Places of Tianjin
Authors: Wang Jia Nan , Meng Jia Wei , Wang Zhe , Li Ting , Ji Yu Rui , Liu Jie
Published: March 2015

The natural sedimentation method was employed to monitor air microbes at eighteen different public places. There are significant differences of microbial concentration in air among the functional places in Tianjin (p<0.05). The density of bacteria, fungi and total microbes were 1.22×104CFU/m3, 2.6×103CFU/m3, and 1.48×104CFU/m3, respectively. There are 18 sampling sites, within which extremely and seriously polluted area accounted for 11%, and moderately and slight polluted area accounted for 6%, and clean and relatively clean area equally accounted for 33%. The industrial and transport regions were the most seriously contaminated district by airborne microbes in Tianjin, and our study here indicates that routine monitoring of airborne microorganisms quality plays a critical role in preventing outbreak of airborne diseases and detecting source of microbial pollution.
Research of Quality Evaluation of PV Power Generation Project Based on the Extension Theory
Authors: Wang Dong , Yang Mao Sheng
Published: March 2015

In order to make a further promotion and development of photovoltaic power generation project, this paper brings the extension theory in photovoltaic power generation project quality evaluation and builds the photovoltaic power generation project extension evaluation index system and model on the basis of matter-element theory and extension analysis. Ranking the evaluating projects by calculating the indicators compared with the correlation of evaluation degrees. The paper takes three photovoltaic power generation project in Shaanxi in 2012 as an example, expounding the model is reasonable and reliable. The empirical results give a best reflection on the quality of the photovoltaic power generation project, which provide a scientific basis for project decision. The paper results provide a new thought for quality assessment of photovoltaic power generation project, enriching the photovoltaic power generation project evaluation method.
Predicting the Children's Blood Lead Level in a Lead and Zinc Smelting Area Based on IEUBK Model
Authors: Chen Fei , Cheng Hong Guang , Cui Xiang Fen
Published: March 2015

According to environmental lead exposure data and dietary survey data of lead and zinc smelting area,blood lead levels of children (2~7years old) in study area were predicted with IEUBK model. The children's blood lead concentration predicted value was compared with the corresponding measured value,by comparing the differences, measured the prediction ability of model. The results showed that predicted value and measured value of 2~7 years old children's blood lead concentration in A village were higher than the other villages, they were 33.5μg/dL,30.8μg/dL, respectively; predicted value and measured value of 2~7 years old children's blood lead concentration in I village were the lowest among all villages,they were14.5μg/dL,13.1μg/dL, respectively.By paired T-test showed that the predicted value were higher than the measured value about 1.4~3.4μg/dL,model calculation results slightly overestimated the children's blood lead level.But in general, the predicted value and measured value had a good consistency,through the model prediction could better reflect the children's blood lead levels in the study area.
Statistical Analysis and Safety Limit Discussion of Electromagnetic Radiation Major Cities in Jilin Province
Authors: Gao Yan Wei , Jin Jin Ji
Published: March 2015

With the increase of urban electromagnetic radiation source, electromagnetic environment pollution which poses a threat to the health of the residents is increasingly worse, there exists a controversy to the safety limit. In order to master the basic information about urban electromagnetic radiation source of major cities in Jilin, the statistical analysis of environmental comprehensive field monitoring data is conducted in Jilin province’s major cities, Changchun, Yanji and Siping ,the result shows that the electric field intensity of the environmental electromagnetic radiation in three cities is below China electromagnetic radiation safety standard. Then according to the research situation at home and abroad , combining the practical situation of Jilin province, this article discusses the protection standard of environmental electromagnetic radiation and provides the suggested values of the safety threshold limit of electromagnetic radiation .
A Study on the Asbestos Risk Assessment with Usage of Building
Authors: Son Byeung Hun , Park Wha Me
Published: March 2015

Asbestos collectively refers to a set of naturally existing silicate minerals with fibrous structures, and is a natural mineral in fibrous forms that was originally serpentines or amphiboles. Because of its properties such as resistance to heat, chemical resistance and corrosion; tensile strength; sound absorption; and affordable prices, it had been widely used as building materials, fire resistant and retardant, thermal and heat insulation, sound absorbent, and electrical insulation. Since the prolonged inhalation of asbestos can cause serious illnesses such as lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis after an incubation period of 20 to 40 years, the mineral was classified as Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In Korea, asbestos-containing construction materials had been widely used until asbestos was added to the hazardous substance requiring permission for use by the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and use of asbestos was totally banned in February 2009. This survey was conducted with 45 buildings to assess asbestos-containing materials used by usage of building. It was found that asbestos-containing construction materials were used in 27 buildings out of 45 buildings surveyed.
The Radionuclide Pollutant Dispersion Simulation in Nuclear Accident of Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Wang Jian , Xiao Ming Ming , Wang He Ru , Wang Yong , Shen Yue
Published: March 2015

In order to simulate the nuclear proliferation model of power plant accident, the objective factors of the nuclide dry deposition, wet deposition and radioactive decay are considered and studied based on Gauss diffusion model. With the model modified, the nuclear proliferation simulation of power plant accident is implemented. The simulation system of radionuclide nuclear proliferation is designed and realized with the application of information technology such as GIS and so on. In light of variations in such things as geography, climate and working, the nuclear proliferation of power plant accident emergency is simulated. The results showed that the system can effectively realize the simulation of radionuclide nuclear proliferation including the instantaneous point source, continuous point source, which provides decision support for nuclear accident emergency treatment.
Study of Numerical Simulation in Failure Modes of Waste Dump Slope
Authors: Feng Shao Jie , Dong Yan Fei , Sun Shi Guo , Kan Sheng Lei
Published: March 2015

Based on the numerical simulation method and a sample slope engineer of waste dump, the failure modes of waste dump slope is analyzed. By means of analyzing working conditions such as different slope angles, single step, many steps, the failure modes of waste dump slope under different working conditions is obtained. The results show that the slope stability of multiple steps waste dump is better than the slope stability of single step waste dump, and the deformation of the slope is small.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil in Kunming
Authors: Miao Rui Qi , Yan Yong Feng , Bai Yan , Deng Ao
Published: March 2015

With the analyses of eight different heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn)’ contents and distributions in the topsoil of Kunming City, the results show that the average concentrations of these eight elements in the topsoil of Kunming City were much higher than the background concentrations in soil in China, and the pollution assessments with the Single factor index method and Nemerow Pollution Index method, the result shows that in Kunming City, the Xishan District and Wuhua District exist a certain degree of heavy metal pollution problem of soil, but the soil environment qualities of Panlong District and Guandu District are better than other districts; analyze the causation of heavy metal pollution of soil with the elements data and current situation of Kunming City, the heavy metal pollution sources mainly from industrial pollution and traffic pollution.
Preparation of Gas Standard Mixture of R134a by an Injection Method
Authors: Bi Zhe , Zhou Ze Yi , Wang Xing , Xuan Dong
Published: March 2015

An injection method was proposed for the preparation of R134a in N2 gas standards at 10 nmol/mol. The standard gravimetric method of ISO6142 was used as verification for the injection method. Results showed that good consistence between the injection method and the standard gravimetric method could be obtained. The contribution of the injection method to the standard uncertainty was about 0.92%, almost in the same order of magnitude with contribution of the standard gravimetic method.
Shallow Geothermal Energy Exploitation in the Hillock-Shaped High Flat Terrain of Eastern Songnen Plain – In the Case of Qing’an, Suihua
Authors: Qi Fu Li , Li Yong Li , Zhang Meng Cai , Jin Hui , Bai Yu Chun , Zhang Feng Long , Wang Yi Liang
Published: March 2015

Shallow geothermal energy is a new renewable high-quality clean energy that has aroused great interest of man for its renewability, huge stock, cleanness and high availability. Encouraged by the favorable policies of the government, shallow geothermal energy exploitation in geologically suitable areas has become a great priority. In this paper, principal rock-soil physical parameters are derived from field thermal response test set in the context of Qing’an, Suihua City, and subsurface temperature field is modeled to further establish the heat exchange performance parameters with a view to providing reference for the planning and proper deployment of GSHP-based shallow geothermal energy exploitation in this area.
Simultaneous Determination of Trace Heavy Metals in Natural Water by Portable Metal Analyzer
Authors: Li Ying Hua , Bai Lu , Gu Feng , Wang Hong , Wu Chun Ying , Wang Li Min
Published: March 2015

The analysis index of the portable metal analyzer for trace heavy metals in natural water based on anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) were performed. Simultaneous determination and monovariated analysis of trace heavy metals were investigated both subsequently. The reasons of disturbance in analysis were also discussed. The addition of Ga (II) was testified that can eliminate the formation of the Cu-Zn intermetallic compound.
A Study on Evaluation Mechanism for Feasibility of Shallow Geothermal Energy Exploiture Project
Authors: Ding Xin , Wang Dian Ru , Zhou Ji Guang
Published: March 2015

Based on the view that it’s not suitable for all areas to exploit shallow geothermal energy, this paper proposes in the large framwork of suitability regionalization, specific project has to be evaluated in detail. The paper discusses the cost-benefit evaluation mechanism, geological conditions and geological environment veto mechanism of shallow geothermal energy exploitation, which can be used as evaluation mechanism for feasibility of shallow geothermal energy exploiture project.
Desulfurization Experimental Study on Flotation for High Sulfur Coal from Liupanshui, Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Yang Yu , Yang Luo , Hu Peng Fei , Ren Gai Mei
Published: March 2015

The total sulfur rate of the coal sample was 4.973%, the inorganic sulfur content was more than 60%, which was the main component in the coal sample. The effect of grinding fineness, flotation pulp density, collector and frother on coal flotation desulfurization were investigated in this paper to remove the inorganic sulfur. The results showed that it reached to the optimum desulfurization rate 54.7% when the optimum grinding fineness was 39.20% -200 mesh rate, pulp concentration was 80 g/L, kerosene consumption was 1.4 kg/t, 2#oil loading was 100 g/t, and the total sulfur content reduced to 2.72%. The optimized flotation condition determined by orthogonal experiments was as follow: pulp density for 60 g/L, kerosene dosage of 1.4 kg/t, 2#oil consumption of 100 g/t. In this case, total sulfur content reduced to 2.19%, the total desulfurization rate and the inorganic desulfurization rate were 55.96% and 92.89%, respectively.
Discussion on Feed-Water Treatment Technology of Supercritical Unit
Authors: Lu Guo Hua , Peng Qiao Ling , Cao Shun An
Published: March 2015

The oxygenated feed-water treatment technology of supercritical unit can effectively decrease the corrosion of water-steam system, and thus steam-water quality and operating efficiency are greatly promoted. In view of modes of feed-water treatment technology for supercritical unit, the characteristics of oxide film in thermal system under AVT and OT conditions are compared; and then, the principle of oxygenated feed-water treatment technology was elaborated. Besides, the oxygenated conditions, controlling of water quality, advantages, the relation between formation of oxide scale and oxygen plus are analyzed. Finally, the paper introduced weak oxiding feed-water treatment technology, with the principle of low oxygen and high pH value.
Facile Fabrication of Poly(Acrylic Acid-Co-Acrylamide) Hydrogel with 4A Molecular Sieve for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Lv Xiao Dan , Wang Zheng Yang , Zhang Jian Hui , Chen Zi Shu , Cao Wei Feng , Liu Fang Ming , Chen Qi Dan
Published: March 2015

A novel hydrogel was successfully synthesized through doping 4A molecular sieve (4A-MS) into poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) and used for the removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+and Pb2+in the solution. The composite hydrogel all exhibited high sorption capacity (SC) and high elution percentage (EP) for the four above heavy metal ions. Simultaneously, the water uptake (WU) of the hydrogel was dramatically decreased and the mechanical strength of the absorbent hydrogel was improved with increasing 4A-MS content.
Pollution Situation of Water Environment and Characteristics of Dissolved Oxygen of Yang River
Authors: Li Nan , Wei Quan Wei , Wu Yi Hong , Tian Zai Feng , Li Hong Bo , Wang Jing Fei
Published: March 2015

No.8 Bridge is the site where Yang River flows into Guanting Reservoir. It’s an important guarantee for the water safety of Guanting Reservoir that the water quality meets the standards steadily at No.8 Bridge. Based on the monitoring data from 2006 to 2013, the interannual and annual trends and correlations among DO, NH3-N and COD of Yang River were analyzed. The factors affecting DO were also discussed. The results showed that DO and COD met the fourth-class standard for surface water. NH3-N decreased year by year and its standard-reaching rate ran up to 70% since 2009. DO and COD, NH3-N was negatively correlated, but not significant, indicating that COD and NH3-N were not important factors affecting DO. DO varied along with seasons, autumn (mean 7.47mg /L) > spring (mean 7.35mg /L) > winter (mean 6.95mg /L) > summer (mean 6.35mg /L). Temperature is an important factor affecting DO. The possible impact on water environment of Guanting Reservoir caused by DO decrease should be paid special attention.
Research on the Environmental Influence of Temporal and Spatial Variation of Point Pollution Source for River Section
Authors: Zhong Wei , Ma Xiao Yu , Xu Jin
Published: March 2015

Land-based source of pollution is one of the main causes of pollution in the Bohai sea coastal waters, and drainage channel is the main contributor of Land-based source of pollution. Based on principal component analysis method for analysis of single factor evaluation method, selection principles for putting Tianjin Dagu river sewage pollution source location and determined the sample point, research history data and field monitoring of sewage and poisonous and harmful substances, determine a list of priority control pollutants and point pollution sources; Some corresponding land-based source of pollution control method and pollution prevention and control strategies was put forward in the paper.
Simulation Studies on Transformation of Mercury during Combustion Process
Authors: Lu Jian Yi , Gao Jie , Meng Cheng Long
Published: March 2015

Mercury is one of important trace heavy metal elements and about 1/3 of mercury in the air comes from emissions of coal-fired flue gas. In this study, we simulated mercury’s 4 important reactions of the oxidation kinetics mechanism and got every reactions’ rate variations; meanwhile we studied the kinetics of four reactions and got the reacting paths, five pre-exponential factor in different temperatures, reaction activation energy change and reaction rate constant change, a relatively comprehensive homogeneous oxidation model established. Through the above simulation study, the kinetics and thermodynamics parameters of 4 primitive reactions are obtained, having a great benefit for understanding the transformation mechanism of mercury in the process of coal combustion.
Study of the Capacity Extension Scheme for 600 MW Unit Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization in a Power Plant
Authors: Nie Peng Fei
Published: March 2015

A power plant of Datang Corporation in Hebei province is to reconstruct its wet flue gas desulfurization system. The power plant proposes three viable capacity extension schemes based on actual conditions: adding spray layers and increasing the height of the existing absorber, desulphurizing with series double-absorber and desulphurizing with dual-cycle double-absorber. This paper describes the technical characteristics of the schmes and compares their advantages and disadvantages based on performance, project investment and construction period. The result shows that the double-absorber scheme is more suitable for the power plant than the single-absorber scheme.
Study on Aerobic Nitrogen Removal in Double Membrane Bio-Reactor
Authors: Lan Shan Hong , Wang Chuan Lu , Li Hui Jie , Zhang Heng , Lan Hui Xia
Published: March 2015

The double membrane bio-reactor was used to treat the simulated wastewater under aerobic conditions, and the aerobic activated sludge system was set as the control. At the beginning of acclimation, COD removal efficiency in double membrane bio-reactor was higher than that of aerobic activated sludge system, but difference between two systems was little in later stage. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate in double membrane bio-reactor was significantly higher than aerobic activated sludge throughout the whole acclimation stage and nitrite concentration in the effluent from double membrane bio-reactor was lower than that of from aerobic activated sludge, while the nitrate concentration was higher. The nitrite was not accumulated in double membrane bio-reactor through the whole process of acclimation, while the accumulation of nitrate happened in aerobic activated sludge system.
The Efficacy of Water Transfer on Nutrients Removal in the Tianjing Lake, Tiacang City, China
Authors: David N. Macpherson , Li Yi Ping
Published: March 2015

Water pollution is a key environmental problem affecting modern day China. Increased human population, agricultural and advanced industrial activities present a complex multiple problems impacting water resource across China. This situation is more pronounced in Tianjing Lake, Tiacang City. Engineered in April 2012, the lake exemplifies severe eutrophication problems. Constructed for recreational uses, the lake plays a vital role in the economic and sociopolitical development of Tiacang City. As a result, the Tianjing Lake water transfer project was carried out in order to improve water quality and alleviate eutrophication. The project considered major field observations that monitored the lake’s nutrients concentrations (TN, TP, NH4, COD Mn) before and after water diversions. Results showed that the effects of water transfer on the overall water quality improvement in the lake seemed heterogeneous. The observed heterogeneity is as a result of the lake’s hydrodynamic conditions influenced by inflow tributaries. However, poor water movement resulting from the lack of outlet to actively expel pollutants may be a key factor compounding the lake’s internal nutrients management. This, however, dictates the engineering of additional flow directions in order to ensure better exchanges and additional nutrients removal through the expulsion via the outlet to improve water quality and sustain ecosystem health. Hence, this study provides useful information necessary to better understand the complex hydrodynamic and mass transport processes in the Tianjing Lake and present a road-map for future management decision-making.
Screening of Coagulant for Washing Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Yang Jing
Published: March 2015

According to the problems exist in cyclic utilization of washing wastewater, the coagulation tests utilizing ferric trichloride (FeCl3), alums, poly aluminium chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) are studied, respectively. Experimental results show that PAC was much better than the other coagulants in the removal of LAS and chroma as a single coagulant. Cast 2.5mL PAC(10%) into quantitative washing wastewater, the removal rate of LAS and chroma reach 82.5% and 87.8%, respectively. When mix the every two kinds of coagulants, maintaining the same total amount of coagulant to 2.5mL, cast1.0mL PAC(10%) and 1.5mL alum (10%) into washing wastewater ,the removal rate of LAS and chroma reach 84.1% and 90.0%, respectively.
Transfer Processes of Cyanide in Jiaozhou Bay
Authors: Yang Dong Fang , He Xin Huai , Gao Jie , Wang Fei Juan , Wang Ping
Published: March 2015

This paper analyzed the seasonal and vertical variations of cyanide in Jiaozhou Bay, and tried to reveal the transfer processes based on investigation data in different seasons in 1982. Results showed that cyanide contents in surface waters were showing obvious seasonal variations, and were in orders of spring < summer < autumn, due to the inputs of cyanide were mainly occurred in wet season. The vertical variations seem to be not regular, and the influences of cyanide contents in surface waters to bottom waters were not significant, because the degradation of cyanide were rapid in summer and early autumn, leading to most of the cyanide was degraded before or in the process of sedimentation.
Time-Space Distribution Characteristics of Nitrogen in Surface Sediment from the Inner Mongolia of the Yellow River
Authors: Wang Xiao Li , Wang Hui Juan , Wu Ying Ga
Published: March 2015

Time-space distribution characteristics of nitrogen in surface sediment from the Inner Mongolia of the Yellow River were investigated using the sequential extraction method. Sedimentary nitrogen were fractionized into four forms: ion exchange nitrogen (IEF-N), nitrogen combined with carbonate (CF-N), nitrogen combined with iron-manganese oxide (IMOF-N), organic nitrogen and combined with sulfides (OSF-N). The rank order according to the mean concentration of N-fraction in surface sediments from the Inner Mongolia of the Yellow River was OSF-N > IMOF-N > IEF-N > CF-N and the N-fraction content in surface sediments of autumn was higher than that of spring. Moreover, the different degrees of positive correlation between different morphological transformation nitrogen forms and the sum of TN, TP, CEC and organic matter of 12 sediment samples.
Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on Bone Regeneration of Intrabony Defects
Authors: Bereșescu Gabriela , Monea Monica , Porca Bianca , Cocan Alina , Monea Adriana Maria
Published: March 2015

The aim of this study is to assess the histological efficiency of low level laser therapy (LLLT) with respect to the acceleration of bone regeneration after surgical treatment of intrabony defects. Twenty patients with intrabony defects, aged between 20-45, non-smokers, good health condition present at the time of the surgery, were randomly divided in two groups, control, ten parients, and test group, ten patients. Informed consent was obtained. Each patient presented at least one periodontal defect treated by bone allograft. The test group received postsurgical treatment with low lever laser therapy (LLLT). The equipment used was OsseoPulse AM300, at an intensity of 20mW/cm2, for 20 minutes per day, for 21 consecutive days. The control group received no treatment with LLLT. The bone formation was evaluated in both groups at baseline and 6 months postoperative by the means of tissue biopsy followed by a histological analysis. The histological study of the test samples at 6 months after regeneration showed bone formation without inflammatory cells and occasional nonviable bone consistent with regenerating bone. No evidence of the grafted material was present. The histological study suggests that in 6 months there was new bone formation in the defects treated with LLLT. Clinical data indicate the possibility of more rapid wound closure and subsequent healing in zones treated with LLLT as compared with control.
Total Elbow Implant - Computer Assisted Design and Simulation
Authors: Bololoi Robert , Burdusel Mihail , Badica Petre , Batalu Dan
Published: March 2015

The elbow total implant is in appearance a simple orthopedic device, with few components and no complex mechanisms. In spite of the reported successful surgical interventions, there are still many medical reports which show that a certain percentage of the implants fails.In our work we conceptually approach a computer assisted design of a Coonrad-Morrey like total elbow implant and simulate the mechanical behavior by finite element analysis, for three different loads (10 N, 50 N, and 100 N). Materials used for simulation were Ti, TiNi and Ti6Al4V for the metallic components, and UHMWPE for bushing polymeric components. Through our results we confirmed the practical observations, namely that the hinge mechanism is an important region where the failures initiates from, as the highest stress is concentrated on the polymeric components.
A Medical Insight on the of Biomaterials for Cranioplasty Surgery
Authors: Mohan Dumitru , Munteanu Valentin , Moisa Horatiu , Ciurea A.V.
Published: March 2015

Cranioplasty represent surgical repairs of defects or deformities of the skull which may come as a result of trauma or congenital malformations. The notable advance in cranioplasties came with the experimental groundwork in bone grafting, performed in the late 19th century, based on which, the use of autografts for cranioplasty became popular in the early 20th century. With the First and Second World Wars alternative metals and plastics were needed to cover large cranial defects suffered in combat as precious metals became scarce. As time passed metallic bone substitutes have gradually become obsolete and modern non-immunogenic plastics such as Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) snf Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) replaced them, the major downside of the technique being represented by the high costs. The authors present a statistic of 25 patients treated over a period of 4 years in 3 major neurosurgical units – which beneffited from the neurosurgical use of biomaterials for the repair of major cranial defects following congenital malformations, post-surgical cranial defects or trauma of the skull. We excluded large bone flaps for decompressive craniotomy. The authors used PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) and PEEK-based implants. There were 12 cases in which PMMA was used and 13 cases in which PEEK-based implants were used. The authors present a personal comparrison between the two materials. At the same time, the authors perform a comprehensive review of how the techniques have evolved from simple metal to modern biopolymers and how the modern technology will impact the future of cranial reconstruction
A Medical Perspective Regarding the Use of Biomaterials for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus in Children
Authors: Mohan Dumitru , Nica D.A. , Moisa Horatiu , Ciurea A.V.
Published: March 2015

Hydrocephalus is a medical condition consisting of an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. This may cause increased intracranial pressure, progressive enlargement of the head, followed by ischemia, convulsions, tunnel vision, and mental disability and even death. This affection usually appears due to the blockage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in the ventricles or in the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain. In a person without hydrocephalus, CSF continuously circulates through and around the brain, its ventricles and the spinal cord and is continuously drained away into the circulatory system. Alternatively, the condition may result from an overproduction of the CSF, from a congenital malformation blocking normal drainage of the fluid, or from complications of head injuries or infections.In the treatment of hydrocephalus, the implementation of perfectly tolerable materials enables surgeons to carry out a progressive drainage of excess cerebrospinal fluid towards other cavities of the body. By today’s standards silicone based biomaterials are the sum of all progress in biomaterial science, immunology and pathology. Lack of an immune signature, chemical and biological stability, perfect adhesion resistance and many more ultrastructure-related features come as perfect proof for the impact material science has on medicine. Future biomaterials, coated with antibiotics or antibodies are now closer than ever to be implemented in medicine.
The Role of Hyaluronic Acid in the Correction of Soft Tissue Deficiencies: Review and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Carantino Andrei
Published: March 2015

This paper presents some aspects from last 10 years of experience, when we used the hyaluronic acid produced and traded by a certain company, to obtain aesthetic good results in the treatment of the facial wrinkles, nazolabial folds, augmentation of the lips, face rejuvenation and hydration, correction of soft tissues deficiencies after major surgical operations.
Erosion Effects on Morphology and Chemical Composition of Direct Dental Restoratives
Authors: Borș Andreea , Székely Melinda , Ponta Oana , Antoniac Iulian Vasile
Published: March 2015

The improvements in tooth-coloured filling materials generated more direct conservative techniques, making possible the achievement of optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes, in anterior and posterior teeth. Erosive acid-induced lesions of enamel or dentin often need restorative procedures. Nowadays, mostly aesthetic direct restoratives, which are adhesively fixed to the tooth surface are used for this purpose [1]. Several authors have concluded that direct restorations may lead to rehabilitation of eroded dentition in a less invasive manner [2], achieving adequate shaped, coloured and functional restorations. Thisin vitrostudy was carried out to evaluate, using micro energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the effects of an erosive challenge on different current direct restorative materials. It was aimed to provide information on aesthetic dental filling materials regarding their relative abilities to resist to erosive attack. The tested null hypothesis was that exposure to erosive solutions would influence surface degradation and chemical composition of the evaluated dental restoratives.
Micro-Analytical Comparison on Elemental Composition of Nonstoichiometric Bovine Bone Derived Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Miculescu Florin , Ciocan Lucian Toma , Miculescu Marian , Mocanu Aura , Maidaniuc Andreea , Purcaru Alin , Preda Oana
Published: March 2015

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the most common ceramic materials used for bone substitutions or reconstructions [1]. HA synthesis from natural sources is convenient relative to synthetic HA preparation while ensuring a similarity with viable bone tissue in terms of chemical composition and some other properties. One of the most important markers used for hydroxyapatite identification and differentiation from other calcium phosphates is the Ca/P ratio [2]. In order to perform a proper identification, this ratio should be evaluated with high accuracy, which involves a correct determination of the elemental concentrations. This study was made on a series of samples, derived from bovine osseous tissue, thermaly treated at 1000, 1100 and 1200°C. Establishing the influence of sample preparation on the Ca/P ratio assessment from the energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) coupled with scanning electron microscopy determinations was intended. The samples were prepared by two completely different methods: mechanical fracture (without further preparation) and milling followed by homogenization. Regardless the sample preparation method, the analytical results represents the five measurements average performed on different spots.The EDS results showed that, within the same group, the compositional dissimilarities between the samples treated at different temperatures do not exceed 10% regardless of the sample preparation technique. For the same thermal treatment temperature, slight differences between the elemental chemical compositions of differently prepared samples were observed. The most important effect was a 20% decrease of the average Ca/P ratio for the samples prepared by milling and homogenization in regard to the mechanical fractured ones. Thereby, heat treated bovine bone samples’ milling and further homogenization for performing semi quantitative EDS analysis allows the Ca/P ratio assessment with a better accuracy.
Intelligent Collaborative Platform for Development of Personalized Surgical Orthopedic Guides
Authors: Popescu Diana , Lăptoiu Dan , Hadăr Anton
Published: March 2015

Currently, the processes of developing new medical devices (in particular, patient specific guides for orthopedic surgery being of interest in our research), is hampered by the difficulty of correctly and efficiently quantifying and translating the specific medical requirements in terms of technical specifications. This is caused by the intrinsic difficulty of the demarche, but also by a complicated communication between surgeon and engineer given the different practical and research perspectives, specific constraints, motivation, evaluation criteria and professional language barrier. The advent and development of new technologies with applications in the medical field, such as robotics, haptic-based virtual and augmented reality, additive manufacturing, collaborative modeling, knowledge-based support decision systems, etc., make now possible to bridge the gap between surgeons’ ideas and needs and their practical materialization into new customized medical devices. The paper enrolls in this research trend, presenting a general framework for the development of an intelligent e-health platform, which provides in a collaborative environment the necessary knowledge and computer-aided tools for translating surgeons’ needs into technical specifications for the design and manufacturing of patient-specific guides for orthopedic surgery. These guides can be used in the minimally invasive surgical procedures and for reducing the x-ray radiation exposure during surgery, and for increasing accuracy in performing different types of specific orthopedic surgical procedures such as cutting, drilling, tapping and aligning, by transferring the tools trajectories from computer-aided planning to surgery.
Increased Resistance to Mechanical Shock of Metallic Materials by Metal-Ceramic Surface Coatings
Authors: Biniuc Carmen , Istrate Bogdan , Munteanu Corneliu , Dorin Luca
Published: March 2015

In the last time, material engineering in lately developed the design and processing technology of materials in well-defined goals. Thus, they designed and achieved the metal alloys for use in strong fields required mechanical shock using methods of surface engineering. In this direction, we have developed very superficial deposition techniques by thermal spray of ceramic and metal powders, both for hard coating and to protect surfaces in refractory environments. In a controlled manner, can form new structures, which leads to an improvement in the tribological properties of the coatings obtained. In this paper are described experimental results obtained after the tests of resistance to mechanical shock testing of metal-ceramic coatings on forged titanium support. We analyzed the behavior of thermal deposited layers of ZrO2 stabilized with 8% Y2O3 and Al2O3 after applying mechanical shock test and scratch test. These materials were analyzed in terms of structural, of mechanical properties and adhesion of the surface layers using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Charpy device, CETR UMT-2 tribometer. The results showed that the materials investigated have a stratified columnar structure, shows lamellar and intra - lamellar cracks and pores formed between neighbor "splat's". From microscopic analysis, after these tests, it was observed that the thermal deposited layers were not separated and there was a fingerprint on their surface. The experimental results show that the new structures obtained presents much better mechanical properties compared to the material, forged titanium, no deposit.
Instrumental Assistance to the Restorative Dentistry Treatments
Authors: Kawamoto Waltraudi Orchulhak , Rodrigues Silvia Cristina Martini , Kawamoto Luiz Teruo
Published: March 2015

In dental care is necessary to isolate the tooth the oral environment (saliva, tongue, cheek, etc) with some type of retractor. This work aimed to propose a new model of instrumental low cost that assists in dental treatment. The instrumental was virtually designed and tested with the characteristics of the materials used in its manufacture: Solid stainless steel wires of 7 mm, acrylic resin and steel tape. To simulate its functionality was modeled a mouth with the actual measurements via the free software Blender 2.49b. To evaluate the simulation results of the test type black box, where you can observe the operation of the simulator were used. After testing various virtual instruments with the same measurements to assess its performance were made clinically. It was concluded in the simulation and clinical tests that the instrument is stable and performs the removal of anatomical structures adjacent to the tooth, even in cases of patients with positive macroglossia can be used for different types and sizes of arches, in the absence of any tooth can be fixed in any tooth, getting the desired position by professional optimizing the same time.
Virtual Reality in Orthopedic Surgeons Training
Authors: Popescu Diana , Iacob Robert , Laptoiu Dan
Published: March 2015

Nowadays the use of Virtual Reality (VR) based surgical simulators or training environments is becoming more and more spread in the medical world. These are usually dedicated to the development and improvement of novice trainees’ skills by helping them to learn different surgical techniques, to use proper instrumentation or to practice surgical protocols, but also in the training of expert surgeons for conserving their skills, for planning or rehearsing new, complicated or rare procedures. In this general context of interest, our paper aims at answering the following questions: What are the main requirements for a haptic device in order to be successfully used in the virtual training of orthopedic surgeons? What requirements are mandatory to be included in an orthopedic surgery haptic-based training application for providing a realistic user’s experience? These are legitimate questions considering that surgical education can really benefit the advantages offered by such virtual simulators only if they can satisfy a list of requirements among which high level of immersion and interactivity, realistic 3D virtual models and constraints of anatomical structures, good correspondence between real and simulated cases (i.e. a natural ‘behavior’ and ‘feeling’ of simulated anatomy). The focus of the literature review presented in this paper will be on orthopedic VR simulators for drilling, sawing and fixing implants screws, pins and plates, with an emphasize on devices’ characteristics and applications features. This study enrolls in the trend of improving user’s immersion experience at a cost as low as possible, representing the basis on which an innovative and affordable haptic device and an application for training basic orthopedic surgical skills are proposed for development in further research.
Short Review on Rare Earth and Metalloid Oxide Additions to MgB2 as a Candidate Superconducting Material for Medical Applications
Authors: Batalu Dan , Aldica Gheorghe , Burdusel Mihail , Badica Petre
Published: March 2015

MgB2 is a candidate for the fabrication of magnetic coils used in medical applications. Our review indicate that oxide additions based on the rare earth or metalloid elements show improvement of the MgB2 critical current density (Jc) and the irreversible magnetic field (Hirr) without significantly affecting the critical temperature (Tc) However, the characteristics of the additions and the technological approaches show a strong influence in controlling superconducting properties. Both additions and the technology need a careful and complex optimization in order to enhance the Jc and Hirr.
Finite Element Analysis of the Linear 11 MM Screw A0623-11 Expansor
Authors: Popovici Ramona Amina , Podariu Angela , Arjocan A. , Mojse Marcel , Onet Melinda , Ștefănescu Teodora
Published: March 2015

The aim of this study was to identify optimal constructive solutions for the linear screw expansor, building three types of devices, CAD modelling, force and torsion moments analysis, and visualization of the most vulnerabile areas, using the finite element analysis. After the clinic impression, a dental mold was obtained. The orthodontic disjunction device was obtained using a dedicated software, Solid Edge V181 in order to use it in the finite element study to observe forces and deformations that occur in the projected system. Three designs of the linear screw disjunktion device were proposed. Each component was built on a 1:1 scale. The obtained data was introduced in the software. The results show the way the orthodontic ring acts when it is cimented on the tooth. Maximal total tensions occur on the frontal part of the device, where the support component of the disjunctor is placed, and in the immediate surrounding area, meaning the arms of the expansor. Tensions get lower as we move away from the active part of the device towards the orthodontic rings. Regarding tensions on the y axes, the color coding shows that tensions get lower as they get closer to the active part of the device. In conclusion, after projecting the disjunctor and analysing it by means of the finite element, it can be said that the third design of the linear screw disjunctor is the best option.