bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Variations and Residual Trends in the E, F, and Sporadic E (Es) Layer Over Juliusruh, Europe
Authors: Sivakandan M. , Mielich J. , Renkwitz T. , Chau J. L. , Jaen J. , Laštovička J.
Published: March 2023

Using 63 and 56 yr of continuous observations, we investigate the long‐term oscillations and residual linear trends, respectively, in the E‐ and F‐region ionosonde measured parameters of frequencies and height over Juliusruh, Europe. Using the Lomb‐Scargle periodogram (LSP) long‐term variations are estimated before the trend calculation. We found that the amplitude of the annual oscillation is higher than the 11‐yr solar cycle variation in the critical frequencies of the daytime E (foE) and Es (foEs) layers. In the F‐region, except for daytime hmF2, and nighttime foF2, the amplitude of the 11‐yr solar cycle variation is higher than the annual oscillation. The combination of the LSP estimated periods and their corresponding amplitudes and traditional regression analysis are used to construct a model for E‐ and F‐region ionospheric parameters. The modeled estimates are in good agreement with the observations. The trend calculation is derived by applying a least‐squares fit analysis to the residuals, subtracting the model from the observation. In the F‐region, both day (nighttime) foF2 and hmF2 show negative trends of −4.44 ± 1.78 (−4.30 ± 1.63) kHz/yr and −413 ± 47 (−574 ± 75) m/yr, respectively. The Piecewise linear trend of foF2 provides negative and positive trends in 1964–1996 and 1997–2019, respectively. In the E‐region, foEs show a negative trend of −2.00 ± 0.61 kHz/yr. The present investigation suggests that the greenhouse cooling effect and negative trend in the atomic oxygen (O) as well as wind shear variability could be the main drivers for the observed negative trends in the hmF2, foF2, and foEs, respectively.
Ecophysiological Responses of Nothofagus obliqua Forests to Recent Climate Drying Across the Mediterranean‐Temperate Biome Transition in South‐Central Chile
Authors: Urrutia‐Jalabert Rocío , Barichivich Jonathan , Szejner Paul , Rozas Vicente , Lara Antonio
Published: March 2023

The forests of south‐central Chile are facing a drying climate and a megadrought that started in 2010. This study addressed the physiological responses of five Nothofagus obliqua stands across the Mediterranean‐Temperate gradient (35.9°−40.3°S) using carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13 C) and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) in tree rings during 1967–2017. Moreover, tree ring δ18O was evaluated in the northernmost site to better understand the effects of the megadrought in this drier location. These forests have become more efficient in their use of water. However, trees from the densest stand are discriminating more against 13C, probably due to reduced photosynthetic rates associated with increasing light competition. The strongest associations between climate and Δ13C were found in the northernmost stand, suggesting that warmer and drier conditions could have reduced 13C discrimination. Tree growth in this site has not decreased, and δ18O was negatively related to annual rainfall. However, a shift in this relationship was found since 2007, when both precipitation and δ18O decreased, while correlations between δ18O and growth increased. This implies that tree growth and δ18O are coupled in recent years, but precipitation is not the cause, suggesting that trees probably changed their water source to deeper and more depleted pools. Our research demonstrates that forests are not reducing their growth in central Chile, mainly due to a shift toward the use of deeper water sources. Despite a common climate trend across the gradient, there is a non‐uniform response of N. obliqua forests to climate drying, being their response site‐specific.
Jurassic Evolution of the Dunhuang Basin and Its Implications for the Early History of the Altyn Tagh Fault, Northeast Tibet Plateau
Authors: Dai Shuang , Ma Xiaojun , Zhao Zhenbin , Fan Xin , Wang Yilin , Wang Zixuan , Zhang Xiang , Cai Lipiao , Deng Wei , Hou Xubo , Xu Jianjun , Li Jiasheng
Published: March 2023

Basin evolution along the northeastern Tibetan Plateau related to the Altyn Tagh Fault (ATF) has significant implications for deciphering the formation of the Tibetan Plateau. However, the Mesozoic history of the ATF is still not well understood. In this contribution, we present a comprehensive sedimentologic and provenance analysis of the Jurassic Dunhuang Basin (DHB) to reconstruct the basin prototype and evolution and to discuss the early history of the ATF. The basin infill consists of late‐Early through Late Jurassic sediments interbedded with basalt, which were deposited in alluvial to lacustrine environments during the Early to Middle Jurassic, and in fluvial to fan delta environments during the Late Jurassic. The analyses of gravel component, paleocurrent and detrital zircon U‒Pb geochronology indicate that the clastic sediments were mainly derived from peripheral areas of the Bei Shan (north), Altyn Tagh—Qilian Shan (south), and the internal Sanwei Shan. Combined with seismic reflection data interpretations, our results suggest that rifting started by the activation of bilateral boundary faults during the Early Jurassic. This was followed by extension and associated magmatism due to subcrustal ductile necking and increased heat flux during the Middle Jurassic, and by final transformation into subsidence sag related to boundary fault die‐out or weakening during the Late Jurassic. We conclude that the DHB formed in an extensional setting generated by the far‐field effects of the Bangong‐Nujiang Ocean closure during the Jurassic, and that the ATF consisted of three subordinate normal faults rather than a sinistral strike‐slip fault during the Jurassic.
Reshaping healthcare with wearable biosensors
Authors: Smith Aaron Asael , Li Rui , Tse Zion Tsz Ho
Published: March 2023

Wearable health sensors could monitor the wearer's health and surrounding environment in real-time. With the development of sensor and operating system hardware technology, the functions of wearable devices have been gradually enriched with more diversified forms and more accurate physiological indicators. These sensors are moving towards high precision, continuity, and comfort, making great contributions to improving personalized health care. At the same time, in the context of the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the ubiquitous regulatory capabilities have been released. Some sensor chips are equipped with data readout and signal conditioning circuits, and a wireless communication module for transmitting data to computer equipment. At the same time, for data analysis of wearable health sensors, most companies use artificial neural networks (ANN). In addition, artificial neural networks could help users effectively get relevant health feedback. Through the physiological response of the human body, various sensors worn could effectively transmit data to the control unit, which analyzes the data and provides feedback of the health value to the user through the computer. This is the working principle of wearable sensors for health. This article focuses on wearable biosensors used for healthcare monitoring in different situations, as well as the development, technology, business, ethics, and future of wearable sensors for health monitoring.
Performance evaluation of newly developed surrogate virus neutralization tests for detecting neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kweon Oh Joo , Bae Joon-Yong , Lim Yong Kwan , Choi Yoojeong , Lee Sohyun , Park Man-Seong , Suh In Bum , Kim Hana , Jee Young Sam , Lee Mi-Kyung
Published: March 2023

We evaluated newly developed surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNT) for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the receptor binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). VERI-Q SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection ELISA Kit (MiCo BioMed, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, hereafter, “eCoV-CN”) is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based sVNT, and VERI-Q SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Rapid Test Kit (MiCo BioMed, hereafter, “rCoV-RN”) is a point-of-care lateral-flow immunochromatography test with auto-scanner. A total of 411 serum samples were evaluated. Both evaluations used a 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50) as the gold standard. Compared with PRNT50, the eCoV-CN showed 98.7% positive percent agreement (PPA), 96.8% negative percent agreement (NPA), 97.4% total percent agreement (TPA), with kappa values of 0.942. The rCoV-RN showed 98.7% PPA, 97.4% NPA, 97.8% TPA, and kappa values of 0.951, comparing to PRNT50. Neither assay indicated cross-reactivity for other pathogens, and the signal indexes were statistically significantly correlated to the PRNT50 titer. The two evaluated sVNTs show comparable performances to the PRNT50 with the advantages of technical simplicity, speed, and do not require cell culture facilities.
Optimum design and performance of a base-isolated structure with tuned mass negative stiffness inerter damper
Authors: Kiran K. K. , Al-Osta Mohammed A. , Ahmad Shamsad
Published: March 2023

In order to increase the efficiency of the structures to resist seismic excitation, combinations of inerter, negative stiffness, and tuned mass damper are used. In the present work, the optimum tuning frequency ratio and damping of the tuned mass negative stiffness damper-inerter (TMNSDI) for the base-isolated structure were determined by employing the numerical searching technique under filtered white-noise earthquake excitation and stationary white noise. The energy dissipation index, the absolute acceleration, and the relative displacement of the isolated structure were considered as the optimum parameters, obtained by their maximization. Evaluations of base-isolated structures with and without TMNSDI under non-stationary seismic excitations were investigated. The efficiency of the optimally designed TMNSDI for isolated flexible structures in controlling seismic responses (pulse-type, and real earthquakes) were evaluated in terms of acceleration and displacement. A dynamic system was used for deriving the tuning frequency and tuned mass negative stiffness damper inerter (TMNSDI) for white noise excitation by using explicit formulae of the curve fitting method. The proposed empirical expressions, for design of base-isolated structures with supplementary TMNSDI, showed lesser error. Fragility curve results and story drift ratio indicate reduction in seismic response by 40% and 70% in base-isolated structure using TMNSDI.
Clinical features and shared mechanisms of chronic gastritis and osteoporosis
Authors: Han Tao , Zhang Yili , Qi Baoyu , Chen Ming , Sun Kai , Qin Xiaokuan , Yang Bowen , Yin He , Xu Aili , Wei Xu , Zhu Liguo
Published: March 2023

Chronic gastritis (CG) and osteoporosis (OP) are common and occult diseases in the elderly and the relationship of these two diseases have been increasingly exposed. We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and shared mechanisms of CG patients combined with OP. In the cross-sectional study, all participants were selected from BEYOND study. The CG patients were included and classified into two groups, namely OP group and non-OP group. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods were used to evaluate the influencing factors. Furthermore, CG and OP-related genes were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the GEO2R tool and the Venny platform. Protein–protein interaction information was obtained by inputting the intersection targets into the STRING database. The PPI network was constructed by Cytoscape v3.6.0 software again, and the key genes were screened out according to the degree value. Gene function enrichment of DEGs was performed by Webgestalt online tool. One hundred and thirty CG patients were finally included in this study. Univariate correlation analysis showed that age, gender, BMI and coffee were the potential influencing factors for the comorbidity (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression model found that smoking history, serum PTH and serum β-CTX were positively correlated with OP in CG patients, while serum P1NP and eating fruit had an negative relationship with OP in CG patients. In studies of the shared mechanisms, a total of 76 intersection genes were identified between CG and OP, including CD163, CD14, CCR1, CYBB, CXCL10, SIGLEC1, LILRB2, IGSF6, MS4A6A and CCL8 as the core genes. The biological processes closely related to the occurrence and development of CG and OP mainly involved Ferroptosis, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Legionellosis and Chemokine signaling pathway. Our study firstly identified the possible associated factors with OP in the patients with CG, and mined the core genes and related pathways that could be used as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets to reveal the shared mechanisms.
Remote First-Language Assessment: Feasibility Study With Vietnamese Bilingual Children and Their Caregivers
Authors: Dam Quynh Diem , Pham Giang T.
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

There is a shortage of bilingual speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the United States. For Vietnamese, less than 1% of SLPs speak the language compared with a Vietnamese American population of > 2.1 million. This study examines the feasibility and social validity of remote child language assessment with the help of a caregiver to address the need for first language assessments among Vietnamese-speaking children.

Method:

Twenty-one dyads of caregivers and typically developing children (aged 3–6 years) completed two assessment sessions in their first language, Vietnamese, using Zoom videoconferencing. Sessions were counterbalanced between two conditions in which either the clinician or the caregiver was the task administrator. Children's language samples were elicited using narrative tasks. Social validity was also assessed through caregiver and child questionnaires at the end of each session.

Results:

There were no significant differences between conditions on language sample measures nor the measures of social validity. Both caregivers and their children felt positively about the sessions. The caregivers' feelings were related to their perception of children's feelings about the sessions. Children's feelings were related to their Vietnamese language proficiency, caregiver-reported language ability, and whether they were born outside of the United States.

Conclusions:

Findings build the evidence base for telepractice as an effective and socially valid service delivery model for bilingual children in the United States. This study supports the potential for caregivers as task administrators in a telepractice setting, making assessment in a child's first language more feasible and accessible. Future investigation is needed to extend results to bilingual populations with disorders.
Singular perturbations in stochastic optimal control with unbounded data
Authors: Bardi Martino , Kouhkouh Hicham
Published: March 2023

We study singular perturbations of a class of two-scale stochastic control systems with unbounded data. The assumptions are designed to cover some relaxation problems for deep neural networks. We construct effective Hamiltonian and initial data and prove the convergence of the value function to the solution of a limit (effective) Cauchy problem for a parabolic equation of HJB type. We use methods of probability, viscosity solutions and homogenization.
Micro-environment Corrosion Strength Based on Quartz Crystal Microbalance
Authors: Dai Lu , Zhu Yuqin , Qin Chaoxuan , Li Jiameng
Published: March 2023

Equipment service environment often has a certain corrosive, accelerate equipment corrosion, affect the integrity of equipment. In order to accurately monitor the micro-environment corrosion strength of the equipment, the multi-channel quartz crystal microbalance calibration test and the crystal vibration sensor temperature supplement test were carried out to realize the frequency-quality signal conversion of the quartz crystal vibration sensor and improve the accuracy of data acquisition of the device. Using a multi-channel quartz crystal microbalance, For an equipment micro-environment under the hot and humid ocean environment, Packaging box under warm and wet acid rain environment, For 30h, respectively, 65h Continuous in situ monitoring, The test data showed that the mass gain of a 30h copper crystal vibration sensor is 0.5 μg, The rate of mass change was 0.017 μg/h, High corrosion strength, Metal materials in this area are prone to corrosion, Key protection is required; The 65h mass temperature increase: 0.022 μg, The rate of mass change was 0.000034 μg/h, Low corrosion strength, The internal metal material is corroded slowly.
Application research of computer big data informatization technology in oilfield mining automation system
Authors: Shen Zhongmei
Published: March 2023

Science and technology are developing continuously, and oilfield exploitation has gradually realized informatization and automation. In order to meet the needs of the oilfield mining automation system and to better monitor the data in the oilfield mining process, the computer big data information technology application system has become an indispensable part of the oilfield mining operation enterprise. In this paper At the beginning, the status quo of the oilfield mining automation system is analyzed. In this paper, the role of the computer big data information technology automation system in oilfield mining is analyzed. This paper discusses the key points of the development and design of the automation system system. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to provide certain ideas for oilfield mining automation.
Application Strategy of Drainage Gas Production Technology in Shallow Gas Fields
Authors: Lv Na
Published: March 2023

During the use of gas wells, the production time must be increasing. If reasonable measures are not taken for a long time, the bottom hole pressure will be reduced. If the gas flow in the gas well can no longer drive the water at the bottom to the ground, it will lead to the accumulation of water at the bottom of the well and produce back pressure, which will have a very obvious impact on the production of the gas well until the gas well finally can not meet the normal production requirements. This paper first analyzes the water production law and productivity details of shallow gas fields, then analyzes the diagnosis mode of wellbore effusion, and finally puts forward the practical application mode and strategy of drainage gas production technology, hoping to provide a reasonable reference for the optimal development of related work.
Application of close cut volume fracturing in tight oil horizontal Wells
Authors: Gao Yude
Published: March 2023

S tight reservoir is rich in oil and gas and has good development potential. However, the reservoir lacks good physical property, strong heterogeneity, tight lithology and complex reservoir formation conditions, and the fracturing operation is characterized by lack of good fracture complexity and difficulty in initiation. For the geological characteristics of the reservoir and the difficulties of reconstruction, we actively follow the principle of fracture-controlled reserves, broaden the understanding of unconventional volume fracturing, and integrate cutting fracturing technology in the long-term practice process. The combination of cluster perforation, plug segmentation, reverse mixed injection and other methods can fully improve the fracture initiation and extension effect of multiple clusters. The combination of sand addition technology and smooth water to replace guar gum, promote the laying quality of fracture proppant to be fully improved, promote the formation to further achieve the energy storage and increase goal, tight oil layer to achieve the volume transformation goal, and promote the long-term, stable effect of fracturing reconstruction.
Discussion on reservoir description method of well vibration combined with tight well pattern area
Authors: Liu Pan
Published: March 2023

In the process of rapid social and economic development, the demand for the oil of related industries is more and more large. The continuous increase of oil exploitation is causing some oil fields to gradually enter the period of special high water cut development and increasing the difficulty of oil exploitation. Therefore, how to improve oil recovery is the key question that relevant personnel think and solve. Based on this, this paper mainly describes the channel sand body description technology combined with well shock, and analyzes the reservoir description method combined with well shock combined with the general situation of an oilfield working area, aiming at improving the prediction accuracy of sand body in dense well pattern area and effectively guiding the development and adjustment of potential excavation work.
Study on water flooding law in high water cut stage of complex fault block reservoir
Authors: Chen Jing
Published: March 2023

In recent years, with the progress of science and technology and the development of times, it has brought great opportunities for the development and protection of Tibetan resources in our country. Many reservoirs are located in very complex fault blocks with small fault blocks and many faults, coupled with strong heterogeneous media. After years of waterflooding development, they have entered the high water cut oil recovery stage. In view of this, this paper will focus on the analysis of the water drive law in the high water cut stage of complex fault block reservoirs, and carry out specific strategy optimization for increasing production, in order to promote the exploration of the law of high water cut area in complex fault block reservoirs.
Discussion on the function of logging technology in geological steering of horizontal well drilling
Authors: Li Lin
Published: March 2023

Logging technology is the key technology used in modern petroleum resources exploitation. Reasonable application of logging technology is conducive to efficient exploitation of petroleum resources. Therefore, the application of logging technology in oil exploitation has always been the key research target of oil well exploitation technology. This paper discusses the function of logging technology in geological steering of horizontal well. This paper discusses the logging technology and the geological steering work of horizontal well, discusses the specific application and due function of the logging technology. In the process of discussion, in order to ensure the practical research of this paper, a good application process of the logging technology in the drilling geological steering of a horizontal well is put forward.
Residual oil start-up mechanism of polymer/surface dual flooding after polymer flooding in medium-high permeability reservoir
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhao Yuwen , Wang Wei , Wang Xiaoyan , Yan Xi , Yuan Guangyu , Lin Zeyu , Liu Yuanxian , Zhang Jing
Published: March 2023

The remaining oil distribution and displacement mechanism of poly/surface dual flooding stage in medium and high permeability reservoir are not clear. In this paper, the reservoir conditions in Gangxi Area 3 of Dagang Oilfield were taken as the research object. Based on nuclear magnetic resonance and large model physical simulation experiment, the characterization of micro and macro residual oil start-up mechanism and enhanced oil recovery experiment were carried out respectively after polymer flooding poly/surface binary flooding. The experimental results suggest that polymer-surfactant flooding could increase the oil displacement efficiency by 12-29% after polymer flooding, and the contribution of porous to recovery degree is in the order of medium pore, large pore, and small pore. When the surfactant concentration is higher than 0.25%, the increase of oil displacement efficiency tends to be stable, and further enhancing oil recovery requires the expansion of sweep volume. Physical model experiments results show that medium permeability layer has the highest contribution to the recovery degree in the chemical flooding stage, and the displacement mechanism is mainly based on the synergistic effect of expanding sweep volume and improving displacement efficiency. The contribution of low permeability layer to recovery degree is next, and the displacement mechanism is mainly to expand sweep volume. The high permeability layer has the lowest contribution to the recovery degree, and the oil displacement mechanism is mainly to improve the oil displacement efficiency.
Capacity Analysis and Understanding of Pilot Test Well in Gas Storage A
Authors: Li Weiyan
Published: March 2023

There is a relatively simple gas reservoir structure in gas storage A, with good trap sealing, large cap rock thickness, relatively inactive fault activity, good overall reservoir connectivity, large storage capacity, water invasion occurs in only a few wells in the low part of the structure, so there are the geological conditions for building gas storage reservoir. This paper analyzed the capacity and maximum recovery capacity of horizontal wells in this block, and the pressure influence range during the recovery process of high-speed pilot production through the pilot test of reservoir construction; moreover, it got the following understanding: the horizontal wells with good development effect, high recovery capacity, and the pressure influence range in this block are mainly within 400m from the well distance; there are differences in the gas production capacity of different types of reservoirs, and the capacity contribution of Class I reservoirs is large, while the capacity contribution of Class II and III reservoirs is small, together these believe that Shengping gas storage has the capacity conditions for building reservoir.
Development prospect of heat supply and peak shaving of nuclear power units in Shandong power grid
Authors: Zhu Lingkai , Zheng Wei , Zhong Ziwei , Gong Zhiqiang , Guo Junshan
Published: March 2023

Under the current national “dual carbon” economic development goal, nuclear energy, as a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient form of energy, has the advantage of natural heat. Central heating is an important area that consumes coal and generates carbon emissions. Therefore, the development of nuclear heating is conducive to improving the energy utilization structure and upgrading the industry. Based on the current situation of the nuclear motor assembly machine in Shandong Province and the power supply composition structure of the provincial power grid, this paper has carried out the relevant technical analysis and prospects for the peak shaving of nuclear heating.
Research on Technical supervision of Steam turbine in nuclear power plant
Authors: Che Yongqiang , Chen Yisen
Published: March 2023

Based on the technical characteristics of nuclear power turbine, the technical differences between nuclear power turbine and thermal power turbine are analyzed. Based on the premise of nuclear safety and combined with the characteristics of nuclear power plants, the feasible supervision mechanism of conventional island turbine and the daily management responsibilities of nuclear power supervision are studied. Extensive research and collection of nuclear power related data, including technical specifications, operation procedures, maintenance procedures, etc., through the analysis and collation of these data, the technical supervision content of nuclear power conventional island turbine is studied, highlighting the differences with thermal power turbine technical supervision.
Integrated Photo - rechargeable Batteries: Photoactive Nanomaterials and Opportunities
Authors: You Liwen
Published: March 2023

The demand for fossil fuels has been increasing over the last few decades but will one day be depleted and researchers are now using biomass to alleviate the fuel crisis. This paper concentrates on a range of current devices with intrinsic solar energy collection, conversion and storage properties, different classes of cells as well as their areas of application and recent research advances. Nanomaterials, meanwhile, are key to making significant progress in the study of photovoltaic electrodes for solar rechargeable batteries, and this paper describes seven currently commonly used semiconductor and nanomaterials. This not only alleviates the severe environmental pollution and greenhouse effect caused by fossil fuels, but also makes a significant contribution to the sustainability of human existence.
Day-ahead load optimal distribution of thermal power coupled electric energy storage frequency regulation system considering the effect of overtemperature
Authors: Zhou Xichao , Wang Nan , Li Zhen , Zhao Pengxiang , Cong Lin
Published: March 2023

Coupling energy storage devices on the generation side can significantly improve the AGC frequency regulation performance of thermal power units and bring frequency regulation benefits. In the traditional joint frequency regulation mode, energy storage is generally used to compensate the deviation between thermal power output and dispatching command, without considering the deep coordination between thermal power units and energy storage system. Thermal power units are still in fast variable load operation state, and the potential of coupled energy storage in improving the safety and other comprehensive performance of the units has not been explored deeply. Therefore, in this paper, the energy storage system is used to actively cooperate with the unit for secondary frequency regulation, and the load command is optimally distributed by minimizing the total cost function, including the variable load cost of the unit. The maintenance cost caused by overtemperature is considered in the cost model, and is analyzed through a simulation example. The results show that the total cost, considering the influence of over temperature on the optimal load distribution, is lower than that when the unit responds at a constant high load changing rate. The active load bearing of energy storage alleviates the cost increase caused by rapid load changing of the unit, making the unit benefit from energy storage and the total cost tends to be optimal.
Research on time-varying economic dispatch of smart grid based on Lagrangian pairing
Authors: Zuo Ying
Published: March 2023

To design a class of time-varying economic dispatching algorithms for smart grids based on the Lagrangian dual idea for the time-varying load problems that arise in practical applications in smart grids, and to demonstrate the convergence of the algorithms.
Research on Energy-fed Suspension Control System of New Energy Vehicles Based on Energy Flow Analysis
Authors: Ding Jiageng
Published: March 2023

Suspension is the general name of the device that connects the conductive force between the car body and the wheels. Among them, operational stability and ride comfort are two contradictory requirements in actual driving. In the traditional vehicle suspension system, in order to maintain the ride comfort of the vehicle, the vibration energy caused by uneven road surface is usually dissipated by passive shock absorber in the form of heat. If this part of energy can be recovered in an effective way, the energy demand of the whole vehicle system can be reduced. Usually, the stiffness of semi-active suspension is constant, and the damping coefficient will change automatically with the change of driving conditions. Its advantages are simple structure, no need to consume automobile power, and the damping coefficient will change with the change of automobile driving conditions, which can effectively improve automobile riding comfort and handling stability. This paper expounds the problems encountered by traditional suspension, and analyzes the semi-automatic control strategy of regenerative suspension of new energy vehicles from the perspective of energy flow.
On the Importance of Self owned Power Plants Participating in the Adjustment of Supply and Demand of Power Network under the Reform of Power System
Authors: Zhu Lingkai , Zhang Haijing , Wang Weishuai , Wang Qian , Zheng Wei , Zhong Ziwei
Published: March 2023

Centralized power generation by self owned power plants of high energy consumption enterprises will lead to insufficient peak shaving capacity of the power grid. Once the self owned power plants have operational problems, they will easily lead to large-scale blackouts, which will have a great impact on power supply reliability. The national electric power system reform opinion points out that the regulation focus of ensuring the balance of power supply and demand in the power grid should be shifted from the generation side to the load side, and the potential advantages of self owned power plants that combine power generation resources with large loads can be utilized. Self owned power plants participate in the equal management and fair competition of public power plants, can better play its role while improving the supervision of self owned power plants, which is conducive to maintaining the order of the power market and improving the stability of the implementation of power reform.
A 1000MW ultra-supercritical secondary reheat unit Energy consumption analysis of thermodynamic system
Authors: Zhang Hu , Lao Jinxu , Cheng Huitao , Liang Kai
Published: March 2023

Taking the thermodynamic system of a 1000MW ultra-supercritical secondary reheating unit as the research object, the modeling energy consumption analysis was carried out, and the spatial distribution of energy consumption was determined, so as to provide a scientific basis for the operation optimization and energy-saving transformation of the unit. The analysis results show that: Boiler is one of the largest equipment factory irreversible loss, make up the loss by 85.1% of the total loss of the system, although the number of its external loss is not big but internal loss is very big, and the loss is high grade of energy, the number of the steam turbine cold source loss although large irreversible loss is not big but the grade is not high, its loss make up only 2.32% of the total loss system.
Prospect of Peak Regulation Capacity Improvement through Flexibility Transformation of Combined Heat and Power Units in Shandong Province
Authors: Gong Zhiqiang , Han Yue , Guo Junshan , Shang Panfeng , Zhu Lingkai
Published: March 2023

With the high proportion of renewable energy connected to the grid, peak shaving demand surge, which needs to enhance the flexibility of coal power with a larger proportion to support the stable operation of the grid. At present, the capacity of the combined heat and power unit accounts for about 87 % of direct dispatching coal-fired power plants by Shandong power grid. The flexible operation ability of the combined heat and power unit is poor, and its flexible transformation is urgent. This paper summarizes the current relatively mature flexibility transformation technology of combined heat and power unit, including low pressure cylinder zero output transformation (cylinder cutting transformation), bypass load regulation, thermal energy storage and electrical energy storage transformation technology, and puts forward to encourage the flexibility transformation of in-service combined heat and power unit, and actively promote the research and application of the intelligent heating network, the integration of thermal and electricity, and the clean heating construction and clean heating technology.
Initial Results of a Direct Aspiration First-Pass Technique to Treat Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients in Nepal
Authors: Phuyal Subash , Paudel Raju , Lamsal Ritesh , Thapa Lekhjung , Maharjan Anzil Mani Singh , Gajurel Bikram Prasad
Published: March 2023

Objective Endovascular therapy has become the mainstay of treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion. A direct aspiration first-pass technique (ADAPT) using large bore aspiration catheters has been introduced as a rapid, simple method for achieving good revascularization and good clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of ADAPT in the treatment of AIS due to large-vessel occlusion in the Nepali patient population.

Materials and Methods Retrospective data were collected for all consecutive patients treated for AIS with ADAPT from March 2019 through January 2021 at two hospitals. Outcomes were successful revascularization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score of 2b-3), time to revascularization, procedural complications, and good clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2) and mortality at 90 days.

Statistical Analysis Retrospective data were collected and descriptive statistics were calculated.

Results Sixty-eight patients treated for AIS with ADAPT were included. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at presentation was 13 (IQR 10–13.25). The median time from arterial puncture to revascularization was 40 minutes (IQR 30–45). Successful revascularization was achieved in 54 patients (79.4%). No cases of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred. At 90-day follow-up, good clinical outcome was achieved in 57 patients (83.8%), and 4 patients died (5.9%).

Conclusion A direct aspiration first pass technique appears to be a fast, simple, safe, and effective method for the management of AIS in the Nepali patient population.
Direct quotations in the rhetorical structure of literature PhD thesis introductions
Authors: Ono Masumi , Petrić Bojana
Published: March 2023

Direct quotation (DQ) use varies considerably across disciplines, from complete absence in hard sciences to
relative frequency in social sciences. This study investigates DQs in literature, focusing on PhD thesis introductions in English.
A corpus of 15 introductions tagged for move-and-step genre analysis was used to investigate DQ frequency, their distribution in
the rhetorical structure of introductions, and source text types used for DQs. The findings show that (i) DQs are the most common
source use practice in the corpus; (ii) DQs are concentrated in three rhetorical steps: reviewing previous research, presenting
the analysed literary work, and making topic generalisations; and (iii) source text type used for DQs is associated with specific
rhetorical steps. These findings suggest that DQs are essential for the realisation of the rhetorical purpose of the steps which
carry them and for knowledge construction in literature PhD theses.
Exploring the use of modality in EFL learners’ writing
Authors: Ostovar-Namaghi Seyyed Ali , Khorram Fatemeh , Moezzipour Farhad
Published: March 2023

Due to prevalence of formal analysis in language education, the implications of Systemic Functional Grammar has
largely been ignored by materials and methods of language education. To illustrate the inadequacies of formal analysis and make a
case for functional analysis and assessment of writing samples, this study aims at exploring the use of modality in a random
sample of expository essays written in an EFL context. To this end, 20 expository essays, written by undergraduate students of
English language and literature, were randomly obtained from writing instructors and professors teaching in the English department
of Shahrood University of Technology (SUT), Iran. Leaners’ use of modality was then analyzed in line with the framework presented
by Halliday & Matthiessen (2014). Analysis revealed learners’ lack of variation in
the expression of uncertainties and doubts and as such lack of mastery over modality since they tended to express their opinions
as implicit and as objective as possible. There seems to be a link between this problem and the dominance of formal analysis in
teaching and assessing writing; hence, the findings of this study have clear implications for teaching instruction in this context
and other similar contexts, where the implications of systemic functional grammar for language education seem to be ignored.
The Essential Qualities for an Arbitrator
Authors: Legum Barton , Motin Clara
Published: March 2023

This note provides a practitioner’s perspective on one of the most important, if not the most important, decision in any arbitration: selection of the arbitrators. An advantage of arbitration over other binding dispute resolution mechanisms is the ability for parties to select arbitrators best suited to the case at hand. Each case is generally different, however. Arbitrators with specific qualities may suit them for a given case. This note provides a practical framework for identifying, vetting and selecting arbitrators who are right for a case. It first identifies factors a party may wish to consider in determining the qualities required. It then elaborates a practical approach for identifying candidates possessing such qualities, performing due diligence on those candidates and making the final selection.
The potential for stabilizing Amundsen Sea glaciers via underwater curtains
Authors: Wolovick Michael , Moore John , Keefer Bowie
Published: March 2023

Rapid sea level rise due to an ice sheet collapse has the potential to be extremely damaging the coastal communities and infrastructure. Blocking deep warm water with thin flexible buoyant underwater curtains may reduce melting of buttressing ice shelves and thereby slow the rate of sea level rise. Here, we use new multibeam bathymetric datasets, combined with a cost–benefit model, to evaluate potential curtain routes in the Amundsen Sea. We organize potential curtain routes along a “difficulty ladder” representing an implementation pathway that might be followed as technological capabilities improve. The first curtain blocks a single narrow (5 km) submarine choke point that represents the primary warm water inflow route towards western Thwaites Glacier, the most vulnerable part of the most vulnerable glacier in Antarctica. Later curtains cross larger and deeper swaths of seabed, thus increasing their cost, while also protecting more of the ice sheet, increasing their benefit. In our simple cost–benefit analysis, all of the curtain routes achieve their peak value at target blocking depths between 500 and 550 m. The favorable cost–benefit ratios of these curtain routes, along with the trans-generational and societal equity of preserving the ice sheets near their present state, argue for increased research into buoyant curtains as a means of ice sheet preservation, including high-resolution fluid-structural and oceanographic modeling of deep water flow over and through the curtains, and coupled ice-ocean modeling of the dynamic response of the ice sheet.
Differences in Outcomes and Health Care Resource Utilization After Surgical Intervention for Metastatic Spinal Column Tumor in Safety-Net Hospitals
Authors: Elsamadicy Aladine A. , Koo Andrew B. , David Wyatt B. , Reeves Benjamin C. , Sherman Josiah J.Z. , Craft Samuel , Hersh Andrew M. , Duvall Julia , Lo Sheng-Fu Larry , Shin John H. , Mendel Ehud , Sciubba Daniel M.
Published: March 2023

Study Design.

Observational cohort study.

Objective.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between safety-net hospital (SNH) status and hospital length of stay (LOS), cost, and discharge disposition in patients undergoing surgery for metastatic spinal column tumors.

Summary of Background Data.

SNHs serve a high proportion of Medicaid and uninsured patients. However, few studies have assessed the effects of SNH status on outcomes after surgery for metastatic spinal column tumors.

Patients and Methods.

This study was performed using the 2016-2019 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. All adult patients undergoing metastatic spinal column tumor surgeries, identified using ICD-10-CM coding, were stratified by SNH status, defined as hospitals in the top quartile of Medicaid/uninsured coverage burden. Hospital characteristics, demographics, comorbidities, intraoperative variables, postoperative complications, and outcomes were assessed. Multivariable analyses identified independent predictors of prolonged LOS (>75th percentile of cohort), nonroutine discharge, and increased cost (>75th percentile of cohort).

Results.

Of the 11,505 study patients, 24.0% (n = 2760) were treated at an SNH. Patients treated at SNHs were more likely to be Black-identifying, male, and lower income quartile. A significantly greater proportion of patients in the non-SNH (N-SNH) cohort experienced any postoperative complication [SNH: 965 (35.0%) vs. N-SNH: 3535 (40.4%), P = 0.021]. SNH patients had significantly longer LOS (SNH: 12.3 ± 11.3 d vs. N-SNH: 10.1 ± 9.5 d, P < 0.001), yet mean total costs (SNH: $58,804 ± 39,088 vs. N-SNH: $54,569 ± 36,781, P = 0.055) and nonroutine discharge rates [SNH: 1330 (48.2%) vs. N-SNH: 4230 (48.4%), P = 0.715) were similar. On multivariable analysis, SNH status was significantly associated with extended LOS [odds ratio (OR): 1.41, P = 0.009], but not nonroutine discharge disposition (OR: 0.97, P = 0.773) or increased cost (OR: 0.93, P = 0.655).

Conclusions.

Our study suggests that SNHs and N-SNHs provide largely similar care for patients undergoing metastatic spinal tumor surgeries. Patients treated at SNHs may have an increased risk of prolonged hospitalizations, but comorbidities and complications likely contribute greater to adverse outcomes than SNH status alone.

Level of Evidence.

3.
No More Resuscitation a la Carte: Towards a Universal, Simple, Ethical, and Medically Sound Code Status Ordering
Authors: Al Faiyumi Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a commonly performed intervention in clinical medicine and determining a patient’s code status is paramount. “Limited/partial code” has crept into medical practice throughout the years and has become an acceptable practice. We describe here a tiered, clinically sounds and ethical code status ordering that includes the main elements of resuscitation, helps with establishing goals of care, eliminates the use of “limited/partial code,” facilitates shared decision-making with patients and surrogates and is easy to communicate to healthcare team members.
High Risk Factors for Placenta Accreta Other than Pregnancy and Their Impact on Patient Prognosis
Authors: Yang Xinrui , Zheng Weiran , Yan Jie , Yang Huixia
Published: March 2023

Objective

This study aimed to determine the most pertinent factors responsible for placenta accreta spectrum disorders in patients without any history of pregnancy and evaluate their prognostic implications.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 1009 patients diagnosed with placenta accreta spectrum disorders based on standardized diagnostic criteria across 10 tertiary hospitals in China between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018; 45 patients without a history of pregnancy were selected. The collected data mainly included demographic characteristics (including age, operative history, and ultrasound findings) and maternal-fetal outcomes (including any history of intraoperative bleeding, blood transfusion details, maternal-fetal complications, and fetal Apgar scores). SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analyses. The Mann-WhitneyUtest and logistic regression were performed; a two-tailedP< 0.050 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Ultrasound-based detection of placenta previa (χ2= 9.911,P= 0.003) showed a strong association with placenta accreta spectrum types. The severity of placenta accreta spectrum was directly proportional to the likelihood of having coexistent complete placenta previa (χ2= 11.626,P= 0.009) and being diagnosed by ultrasound (χ2= 5.449,P= 0.047). Blood transfusion also impacted placenta accreta spectrum types in relation to maternal prognosis (χ2= 8.785,P= 0.004). On univariate analysis, older age led to more complications (U= 82.000,P= 0.011), and in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer caused more intraoperative bleeding (U= 91.500,P= 0.007). Although the 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores were statistically significant, the rates of neonatal asphyxia did not differ (P> 0.050). Endometrial damage led to lower Apgar scores on both univariate (1 minute:U= 29.500,P= 0.027; and 5 minutes:U= 33.500,P= 0.031) and multivariate (1 minute:β= −1.510, 95% confidence interval, −2.639 to 0.381,P= 0.010; and 5 minutes:β= −0.968, 95% confidence interval, −1.779 to 0.157,P= 0.021) analyses.

Conclusion

In patients who had no history of pregnancy, placenta previa was a strong risk factor for severe placenta accreta spectrum disorders. Endometrial damage led to lower Apgar scores; this warrants greater consideration in the clinic.