bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the Functions of Raphe–Hippocampal Serotonergic and Glutamatergic Circuits and Their Deficits in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yu Wanting , Zhang Ruonan , Zhang Aohan , Mei Yufei
Published: January 2025

Subcortical innervation of the hippocampus by the raphe nucleus is essential for emotional and cognitive control. The two major afferents from raphe to hippocampus originate from serotonergic and glutamatergic neurons, of which the serotonergic control of hippocampal inhibitory network, theta activity, and synaptic plasticity have been extensively explored in the growing body of literature, whereas those of glutamatergic circuits have received little attention. Notably, both serotonergic and glutamatergic circuits between raphe and hippocampus are disrupted in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which may contribute to initiation and progression of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Thus, deciphering the mechanism underlying abnormal raphe–hippocampal circuits in AD is crucial to prevent dementia-associated emotional and cognitive symptoms. In this review, we summarize the anatomical, neurochemical, and electrophysiological diversity of raphe nuclei as well as the architecture of raphe–hippocampal circuitry. We then elucidate subcortical control of hippocampal activity by raphe nuclei and their role in regulation of emotion and cognition. Additionally, we present an overview of disrupted raphe–hippocampal circuits in AD pathogenesis and analyze the available therapies that can potentially be used clinically to alleviate the neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive decline in AD course.
Utility of Optical Genome Mapping for Accurate Detection and Fine-Mapping of Structural Variants in Elusive Rare Diseases
Authors: Orellana Carmen , Rosello Monica , Sanchis Amparo , Pedrola Laia , Martín-Grau Carla , Gabaldón-Albero Alba , Senent Maria Leonor , Such Esperanza , García-Ruiz Cristian , Avetisyan Gayane , Martínez Francisco
Published: January 2025

Rare diseases (RDs) often have a genetic basis, yet conventional diagnostic techniques fail to identify causative genetic variations in up to 50% of cases. Structural variants (SVs), including balanced rearrangements, frequently evade detection by karyotyping, microarray, and exome sequencing. The present study utilized optical genome mapping (OGM) to investigate two patients with RDs whose genetic etiology remained unresolved despite prior genomic analyses. Patient 1 exhibited a balanced reciprocal translocation disrupting the BCL11A gene, associated with Dias-Logan syndrome. Patient 2 had a mosaic 682 kb deletion near the IHH gene, causing ectopic enhancer–promoter interactions and polydactyly, mirroring phenotypes observed in mouse models and similar human cases. These findings highlight OGM’s efficacy in identifying complex SVs and underline novel pathogenic mechanisms in rare genetic disorders. Consequently, the incorporation of OGM into routine diagnostic procedures will enhance genetic diagnosis, discover new syndromes of currently unknown cause, and eventually improve the clinical management of numerous patients with rare diseases.
Exploring Biomarkers to Predict Thrombogenic Risk in Pregnancy
Authors: Filip Catalina , Matasariu Daniela Roxana , Ursache Alexandra , Dimitriu Cristina Daniela , Filip Cristiana , Boiculese Vasile Lucian , Socolov Demetra Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Background: Normal pregnancy and the postpartum period are characterized by thrombotic predisposition. Consequently, monitoring coagulation markers and conducting risk assessments are essential in preventing thrombotic events that negatively impact both the mother and the child. In medical practice, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDPs) are the main coagulation markers currently investigated in pregnancy. Methods: We investigated proteins C and S, antiphospholipid antibodies (APLs), human factor V, and beta-2-glycoprotein 1 or apolipoprotein H (APOH) levels to determine whether there is any difference between normal third-trimester pregnancies and pregnant women in late pregnancy who end up developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Results: Our data show a significant correlation between protein C levels and the number of weeks of pregnancy, as well as statistically significant differences between healthy pregnant women and pregnant women with DVT in terms of the values of FDP, protein S, and APL. The DVT group had higher FDP levels but lower AFL and protein S values. Conclusions: Given the significant prothrombotic correlation that exists between proteins C and S, we propose that variations in their levels can serve as valuable markers in the evaluation of thrombotic risk during the final stages of pregnancy.
Evaluation of Serum Soluble Lectin-like Oxidised Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 (sLOX-1) Level in Children with Non-Complicated Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Its Relationship with Carotid Intima Media Thickness (cIMT)
Authors: Ozde Sukriye , Yavuzyilmaz Fatma , Ozel Mehmet Ali , Kayapinar Osman , Ozde Cem , Akture Gulsah , Arslanoglu Ilknur
Published: January 2025

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate serum soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) levels in children with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) without any atherosclerotic complications and to investigate whether there was an association with early atherosclerotic processes in these children. Methods: The study’s design entailed a prospective cross-sectional observational study methodology. The patient group consisted of 80 consecutive children aged 8–18 years who had been diagnosed with T1DM for at least ten years and had not developed any chronic clinical complications related to T1DM. The control group consisted of 72 completely healthy children with similar demographic characteristics. Serum levels of sLOX-1 were measured, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was evaluated using ultrasonography in all subjects. Results: A statistical analysis of the results was conducted. The serum sLOX-1 level was found to be significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (0.49 ± 0.11 vs. 0.82 ± 0.35; p < 0.001). The statistical significance observed was maintained in the multivariable logistic regression analysis (p < 0.001). A significant correlation was identified between cIMT and serum sLOX-1 levels (r = 0.669, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve for sLOX-1 indicated that a cutoff value greater than 0.65 ng/mL was associated with T1DM. Conclusions: Serum sLOX-1 levels were markedly elevated in children with T1DM who had not yet manifested chronic complications. These findings suggest that elevated serum sLOX-1 levels may be associated with the progression of atherosclerosis in children with T1DM.
Internal Malignancy Risk After Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Ahn Gyo Jin , Lee Solam , Lee Seok Jeong , Cha Yong Sung
Published: January 2025

Background: We aimed to investigate the association between acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and the risk of internal malignancies, including hematologic malignancies. Methods: The study population was derived from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database of Korea between 2002 and 2022. Adults diagnosed with CO poisoning and controls were included. Demographics, socioeconomic statuses, lifestyle factors, and comorbidity profiles of participants were retrieved from the NHIS database. Covariates potentially associated with disease outcomes were selected based on the available literature and biological plausibility, balanced between the two cohorts using inverse probability of treatment weighting, and applied to adjust multivariable models. Results: Overall, 42,874 patients with CO poisoning and 905,285 controls were included; both cohorts comprised 44.3% females. The mean age of the CO poisoning and controls was 51.5 and 50.9 years, respectively. Patients with CO poisoning had a 1.02-fold increase in the overall risk of malignancy (a 1.03-fold increase in solid organ malignancies and a 0.71-fold decrease in hematologic malignancies) compared with controls. The risk of internal malignancy was increased in the oral cavity (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence intervals, 1.19–1.49), lungs (1.39; 1.33–1.46), bone (1.68; 1.23–2.30), cervix (1.32; 95% CI, 1.17–1.49), and kidneys (1.14; 1.04–1.24). Conversely, the risk of internal malignancies was decreased in the thorax (0.59; 0.45–0.77), anus (0.14; 0.06–0.34), uterus (0.71; 0.60–0.82), ovaries (0.59; 0.45–0.77), prostate (0.89; 0.84–0.95), Hodgkin lymphoma (0.35; 0.20–0.61), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (0.67; 0.59–0.75), and multiple myeloma (0.36; 0.30–0.43). Conclusions: CO poisoning was associated with the development of internal malignancies.
On the Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for Neutral-Type Caputo Fractional Differential Equations with Iterated Delays: Hyers–Ulam–Mittag–Leffler Stability
Authors: Madamlieva Ekaterina , Konstantinov Mihail
Published: January 2025

This study investigates nonlinear Caputo-type fractional differential equations with iterated delays, focusing on the neutral type. Initially formulated by D. Bainov and the second author of the current paper between 1972 and 1978, these superneutral equations have been extensively studied in scholarly inquiry. The present research seeks to reinvigorate interest in such delays within sophisticated frameworks of differential equations, particularly those involving fractional calculus. The primary objectives are to thoroughly examine neutral-type fractional differential equations with iterated delays and provide novel insights into their existence and uniqueness by applying Bielecki’s and Chebyshev’s norms for solution constraints analysis. Additionally, this work establishes Hyers–Ulam–Mittag–Leffler stability for these equations.
Propulsion Mechanisms in Magnetic Microrobotics: From Single Microrobots to Swarms
Authors: Jia Lanlan , Su Guangfei , Zhang Mengyu , Wen Qi , Wang Lihong , Li Junyang
Published: January 2025

Microrobots with different structures can exhibit multiple propulsion mechanisms under external magnetic fields. Swarms dynamically assembled by microrobots inherit the advantages of single microrobots, such as degradability and small dimensions, while also offering benefits like scalability and high flexibility. With control of magnetic fields, these swarms demonstrate diverse propulsion mechanisms and can perform precise actions in complex environments. Therefore, the relationship between single microrobots and their swarms is a significant area of study. This paper reviews the relationship between single microrobots and swarms by examining the structural design, control methods, propulsion mechanisms, and practical applications. At first, we introduce the structural design of microrobots, including materials and manufacturing methods. Then, we describe magnetic field generation systems, including gradient, rotating, and oscillating magnetic fields, and their characteristics. Next, we analyze the propulsion mechanisms of individual microrobots and the way microrobots dynamically assemble into a swarm under an external magnetic field, which illustrates the relationship between single microrobots and swarms. Finally, we discuss the application of different swarm propulsion mechanisms in water purification and targeted delivery, summarize current challenges and future work, and explore future directions.
Innovative Cut-and-Fill Mining Method for Controlled Surface Subsidence and Resourceful Utilization of Coal Gangue
Authors: Zhao Yongqiang , Yang Yingming , Wang Zhiqiang , Gu Qingheng , Wei Shirong , Li Xuejia , Wang Changxiang
Published: January 2025

Existing coal filling mining technologies face significant challenges of controlled surface subsidence, efficient utilization of waste rock in coal mines, and a shortage of adequate filling materials. This study introduces an innovative cut-and-fill mining method designed to strategically partition the goaf into cutting and filling zones. In the cutting zone, in situ filling materials are employed to construct waste rock column supports adjacent to the filling zone, thereby achieving controlled surface subsidence. This approach is integrated with long-wall mining operations and implemented using advanced, comprehensive equipment. FLAC3D simulations were conducted to investigate the patterns of stress distribution, surface deformation, and plastic zone formation within the mining field. With the implementation of the cut-and-fill mining balance, key observations include a reduction in maximum principal stress near the center of the goaf, an increasing trend in minimum principal stress, regular displacement distributions, and intact plastic zones positioned vertically away from the stope and horizontally close to the center of the stope. Compared to traditional caving methods, the cut-and-fill technique significantly reduces maximum vertical displacement, by nearly 95%, and maximum horizontal displacement, by approximately 90%. Additionally, it minimizes energy accumulation, lowers overall energy release, and prolongs the release period. Importantly, this method facilitates the resourceful utilization of approximately 800 million tons of waste rock, potentially leading to an estimated reduction of 500 million tons in CO2 emissions. By achieving a balance of three effects—harmonizing coal extraction and filling capacity, aligning the supply and demand of filling materials, and optimizing the balance between filling costs and mining benefits—this method provides a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for the coal mining industry. The findings of this study are crucial for guiding the industry towards more environmentally responsible practices.
Exploring the Phytochemical Profile and Biological Insights of Epilobium angustifolium L. Herb
Authors: Gevrenova Reneta , Zengin Gokhan , Ozturk Gulsah , Zheleva-Dimitrova Dimitrina
Published: January 2025

The aerial parts of Epilobium angustifolium L. (fireweed) (Onagraceae) are renowned for their use in the treatment of prostatic, kidney and urinary tract diseases, and skin infections. In this work, a comprehensive phytochemical profiling of the methanol-aqueous extract from E. anfustifolium aerial parts was performed by the means of liquid chromatography–Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. Annotation and dereplication of 121 secondary metabolites were achieved, including acylquinic acids, gallo- and ellagitannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their glycosides. Forty-six compounds are reported for the first time in the species. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were 85.04 ± 0.18 mg GAE/g and 27.71 ± 0.74 mg QE/g, respectively. Antioxidant capacity assessment revealed that the extract actively scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals (310.74 and 466.82 mg TE/g) along with a high reducing power in CUPRAC and FRAP assay (442.83 and 291.50 mg TE/g), respectively, and metal chelating (48.20 mg EDTA/g). The extract also had a distinct impact on α-glucosidase (3.48 mmol ACAE/g) and moderate activity towards α-amylase (0.44 mmol ACAE/g) and lipase (8.03 OE/g). It inhibited acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (2.05 and 1.67 mg GALE/g) and had a prominent anti-tyrosinase effect (61.91 mg KA/g). Our results contribute to establishing fireweed as a multifunctional agent for use in herbal preparations.
A Model of the Ectomycorrhizal Contribution to Forest Soil C and N Dynamics and Tree N Supply Within the EFIMOD3 Model System
Authors: Chertov Oleg , Frolov Pavel , Shanin Vladimir , Priputina Irina , Bykhovets Sergey , Geraskina Anna
Published: January 2025

Mycorrhizal symbiosis has been the focus of research for more than a century due to the positive effect of fungi on the growth of the majority of woody plants. The extramatrical mycelium (EMM) of ectomycorrhiza (EMR) accounts for up to one-third of the total soil microbial biomass, whereas litter from this short-living pool accounts for 60% of the total litterfall mass in forest ecosystems. The functioning of EMR improves the nitrogen (N) nutrition of trees and thus contributes to the carbon (C) balance of forest soils. The model presented here is an attempt to describe these EMR functions quantitatively. It calculates the growth of EMM and the subsequent “mining” of additional nitrogen from recalcitrant soil organic matter (SOM) for EMR growth, with the associated formation of “dissolved soil carbon”. The decomposition of EMM litter is carried out by all organisms in the soil food webs, forming available NH4+ in the first phase and then solid-phase by-products (excretes) as a new labile SOM pool. These substances are the feedback that determines the positive role of EMR symbiosis for forest vegetation. A sensitivity analysis revealed a leading role of the C:N ratio of biotic components in the dynamics of EMM. The model validation showed a satisfactory agreement between simulated and observed data in relation to EMM respiration in larch forest plantations of different ages. Model testing within the EFIMOD3 model system allowed a quantitative assessment of the contribution of different components to forest soil and ecosystem respiration. The validation and testing of this model demonstrated the adequacy of the theoretical background used in this model, with a fast EMM decomposition cycle by all soil biota of the food webs and without direct resource exchange between plants and fungi.
Lidar Doppler Tomography Focusing Error Analysis and Focusing Method for Targets with Unknown Rotational Speed
Authors: Li Yutang , Xu Chen , Liu Dengfeng , Song Anpeng , Li Jian , Han Dongzhe , Jin Kai , Guo Youming , Wei Kai
Published: January 2025

Lidar Doppler tomography (LDT) is a significant method for imaging rotating targets in long-distance air and space applications. Typically, these targets are non-cooperative and exhibit unknown rotational speeds. Inferring the rotational speed from observational data is essential for effective imaging. However, existing research predominantly emphasizes the development of imaging algorithms and interference suppression, often neglecting the analysis of rotational speed estimation. This paper examines the impact of errors in rotational speed estimation on imaging quality and proposes a robust method for accurate speed estimation that yields focused imaging results. We developed a specialized measurement matrix to characterize the imaging process, which effectively captures the variations in measurement matrices resulting from different rotational speed estimates. We refer to this variation as the law of spatiotemporal propagation of errors, indicating that both the imaging accumulation time and the spatial distribution of the target influence the error distribution of the measurement matrix. Furthermore, we validated this principle through imaging simulations of point and spatial targets. Additionally, we present a method for estimating rotational speed, which includes a coarse estimation phase, image filtering, and a fine estimation phase utilizing Rényi entropy minimization. The initial rough estimate is derived from the periodicity observed in the echo time-frequency distribution. The image filtering process leverages the spatial regularity of the measurement matrix’s error distribution. The precise estimation of rotational speed employs Rényi entropy to assess image quality, thereby enhancing estimation accuracy. We constructed a Lidar Doppler tomography system and validated the effectiveness of the proposed method through close-range experiments. The system achieved a rotational speed estimation accuracy of 97.81%, enabling well-focused imaging with a spatial resolution better than 1 mm.
Ethephon Poisoning: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Trakulsrichai Satariya , Chuayaupakarn Kanokrat , Tansuwannarat Phantakan , Rittilert Panee , Tongpoo Achara , Sriapha Charuwan , Wananukul Winai
Published: January 2025

Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) is a generally used plant growth regulator, but the data on its toxic effects, especially in humans, are very limited. This study was conducted to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients exposed to products containing ethephon. We performed an 8-year retrospective study using data from the Ramathibodi Poison Center database (2013–2020), which included 252 patients. Most patients were male, with a median age of 32 years. Almost all patients were exposed through ingestion, mainly in unintentional circumstances. The clinical presentations included local effects, gastrointestinal (GI), neurological, and respiratory symptoms. Some patients required hospital admission; specifically, seven patients received inotropic drugs, and six were intubated with ventilator support. Most patients had either no or only minor clinical effects. However, six patients experienced moderate/severe effects, and two patients died. Age, intentional exposure, and the presence of initial neurological symptoms could prognosticate moderate to fatal outcomes. In conclusion, exposure to ethephon predominantly resulted in no or minor effects, and GI symptoms were the most common clinical manifestation. The cholinergic toxic syndrome was not frequently observed. The mortality rate was very low. Patients presenting with factors associated with worse outcomes should be monitored closely for clinical deterioration and appropriately managed.
Viruses and the Brain—A Relationship Prone to Trouble
Authors: Mielcarska Matylda Barbara , Rouse Barry T.
Published: January 2025

Neurological disorders, some of which are associated with viral infections, are growing due to the aging and expanding population. Despite strong defenses of the central nervous system, some viruses have evolved ways to breach them, which often result in dire consequences. In this review, we recount the various ways by which different viruses can enter the CNS, and we describe the consequences of such invasions. Consequences may manifest as acute disease, such as encephalitis, meningitis, or result in long-term effects, such as neuromuscular dysfunction, as occurs in poliomyelitis. We discuss evidence for viral involvement in the causation of well-known chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, as well as vascular dementia in the elderly. We also describe the approaches currently available to control a few of the neural viral infections. These include antivirals that are effective against human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus, as well as vaccines valuable for controlling rabies virus, poliomyelitis virus, and some flavivirus infections. There is an urgent need to better understand, at a molecular level, how viruses contribute to acute and, especially, chronic neurological diseases and to develop more precise and effective vaccines and therapies.
A Multi-Method Approach to Analyzing Precipitation Series and Their Change Points in Semi-Arid Climates: The Case of Dobrogea
Authors: Saliba Youssef , Bărbulescu Alina
Published: January 2025

The Dobrogea region, located in southeastern Romania, experiences a semi-arid climate. This study provides a deep analysis of monthly precipitation series from 46 meteorological stations spanning 1965–2005, exploring mean and variance characteristics and detecting structural changes in precipitation patterns. The series normality was assessed using the Lilliefors test, and transformation, such as the Yeo–Johnson method, was used to address skewness. Analyses of mean and variance included parametric (t-tests, ANOVA) and non-parametric (Mann–Whitney U, Fligner–Killeen) tests to address the homogeneity/inhomogeneity of the data series in mean and variance. Change points were detected using a Minimum Description Length (MDL) framework, modeling the series as piecewise linear regressions with seasonal effects and autocorrelated errors. Pairwise comparisons indicate the low similarity of the series means, and variances, so spatial and temporal variability in precipitation is notable. Validation of the proposed MDL approach on synthetic datasets demonstrated high accuracy, and application to real data identified significant shifts in precipitation regimes. Applied to the monthly series collected at the ten main hydro-meteorological stations, a MDL framework provided at least two change points for each.
A Soil Refractive Index (SRI) Model Characterizing the Functional Relationship Between Soil Moisture Content and Permittivity
Authors: Du Erji , Zhao Lin , Hu Guojie , Xing Zanpin , Wu Tonghua , Wu Xiaodong , Li Ren , Zou Defu , Liu Guangyue , Wang Lingxiao , Li Zhibin , Zhang Yuxin , Xiao Yao , Zhao Yonghua
Published: January 2025

The functional relationship between soil permittivity and soil water content serves as the theoretical foundation for electromagnetic wave-based techniques used to determine soil moisture levels. However, the response of permittivity to changes in soil water content varies significantly across different soil types. Current models that utilize soil permittivity to estimate soil water content are often based on empirical statistical relationships specific to particular soil types. Moreover, existing physical models are hindered by an excessive number of parameters, which can be difficult to measure or calculate. This study introduces a universal model, termed the Soil Refractive Index (SRI) model, to describe the relationship between soil permittivity and soil water content. The SRI model is derived from the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in various soil components and the functional relationship between electromagnetic wave velocity and relative permittivity. The SRI model expresses soil water content as a linear function of the square root of the relative permittivity for any soil type with the slope and intercept as the two undetermined parameters. The slope is primarily influenced by the relative permittivity of soil water, while the intercept is mainly affected by both the slope and the soil porosity. The applicability of the SRI model is validated through tested soil samples and comparison with previously published empirical statistical models. For dielectric lossless soil, the theoretical value of the slope is calculated to be 0.126. The intercept varies across different soil types and increases linearly with soil porosity. The SRI model provides a theoretical basis for calculating soil water content using permittivity across various soil types.
Aporte del profesional en terapia respiratoria en rehabilitación pulmonar de pacientes con secuelas pulmonares por COVID-19
Authors: Sánchez-Mena Dafne Ariana , Sánchez-Bonilla Yesly , Heyden-López Franklin
Published: January 2025

Introducción: el COVID-19 es causado por el virus SARS-CoV-2, es una enfermedad principalmente respiratoria, pero también puede afectar otros sistemas, como el músculo esquelético, cardiovascular o neurológico, llevando a desarrollar síntomas de corto, mediano y largo plazo en los sobrevivientes. Varios estudios han demostrado importantes secuelas en el sistema respiratorio entre los que la padecieron, principalmente si desarrollaron una enfermedad grave. Objetivo: identificar la intervención del terapeuta respiratorio en la rehabilitación pulmonar de pacientes con secuelas por COVID-19 y su aplicación en los servicios que brinden rehabilitación pulmonar. Métodos:  se realizó un estudio de revisión narrativa sistematizada para cumplir con el objetivo. Los motores de búsqueda incluyeron Pubmed, Scielo, Redalyc y Google Académico. Los descriptores fueron: “COVID-19”, “rehabilitación pulmonar”, “terapia respiratoria” y “secuelas pulmonares” en sus diferentes combinaciones. Se incluyeron 27 artículos para esta revisión, la mayoría de los cuales (44%) fueron de nivel V según el nivel de evidencia de Sackett. Resultados: las principales secuelas pulmonares asociadas al COVID-19 son las de origen pulmonar como la disnea, alteraciones del parénquima pulmonar, alteraciones del intercambio gaseoso, tromboembolismo, fibrosis pulmonar, debilidad de la musculatura respiratoria, tos, polipnea post actividad. El aporte del terapeuta respiratorio en esta patología se centra en la rehabilitación pulmonar por medio del abordaje diagnóstico aplicando examen físico, radiografía de tórax, pruebas de función pulmonar, dinamometría, caminata de seis minutos y escala modificada de disnea. Asimismo, emplean el abordaje terapéutico como fisioterapia respiratoria, ejercicio aeróbico, ejercicio de fuerza, entrenador de músculos inspiratorios, ciclo activo respiratorio y dispositivos de presión positiva. Conclusiones: se identificaron las evaluaciones e intervenciones por parte del terapeuta respiratorio, las cuales determinan el nivel de limitación física y pulmonar útiles para realizar programas de rehabilitación pulmonar individualizados, misma que genera un beneficio a las personas con secuelas por COVID-19.
Abordajes fisioterapéuticos del dolor patelofemoral en corredores
Authors: Quirós Lynch Jose Daniel , Ramírez Cambronero Verónica María , Castro Mora Luz Marina , García Marín Anthony
Published: January 2025

Introducción: el dolor patelofemoral es una condición musculoesquelética común y crónica manifestada como dolor alrededor o detrás de la rótula durante actividades que implican carga en esta articulación. Tiene alta prevalencia en individuos físicamente activos, principalmente corredores. No hay suficiente evidencia sobre los abordajes fisioterapéuticos más efectivos ni enfocados en corredores. Se realiza este artículo de revisión con el fin de analizar los abordajes fisioterapéuticos del dolor patelofemoral en corredores para aportar a un protocolo clínico de rehabilitación.  Metodología: estudio bibliográfico tipo monografía, basado en artículos publicados en Pubmed, EBSCOhost, SCiELO, Google Académico y PEDro, en inglés y español, de no más de 20 años de publicados, utilizando descriptores relacionados con biomecánica, causas y abordaje fisioterapéutico del dolor patelofemoral en corredores. Se utilizaron 44 artículos, dentro de los que destacan metaanálisis, revisiones sistemáticas y ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y controlados.  Resultados: las alteraciones biomecánicas en miembros inferiores son la principal causa del dolor patelofemoral. Algunas pautas clínicas incluyen ejercicio terapéutico, reeducación del gesto de carrera y tratamientos complementarios, siendo el ejercicio el más respaldado por la evidencia. Es indispensable incluir ejercicios combinados para musculatura rotadora externa, abductora de cadera y cuádriceps – sin enfocarse excesivamente en la activación selectiva del músculo vasto medial oblicuo –junto con el reentrenamiento de carrera técnica. Los tratamientos complementarios abarcan entrenamiento neuromuscular, vendaje y órtesis; de estos, la evidencia no respalda su uso como tratamiento de elección o principal. Conclusiones: el tratamiento de dolor patelofemoral en corredores debe incluir ejercicio terapéutico, reentrenamiento del gesto deportivo y tratamientos complementarios. El ejercicio terapéutico es la intervención esencial y de primera elección.
Beneficios de la terapia acuática sobre síntomas motores y no motores de la enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Brenes-Alfaro Andrea , Rivera-Vargas Juan Miguel
Published: January 2025

Introducción: el objetivo de esta revisión es determinar los efectos positivos de la terapia acuática en el tratamiento de pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson. Metodología: estudio de revisión bibliográfica cualitativa de la base de datos EBSCOhost, Pubmed, Medline y PeDro con evidencia del 2017 al 2023; cuyos criterios de inclusión se relacionan al diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Parkinson idiopática con intervenciones que comparan Terapia Acuática con Terapia Física convencional, la combinación de ambas comparada con ejercicios en tierra y la comparación entre Terapia Acuática con otra modalidad acuática. De los 90 artículos científicos identificados en la búsqueda, fueron elegibles 30 estudios cuyos resultados aportaron evidencia sobre los efectos de la terapia acuática. Resultados: los síntomas motores que se benefician con la Terapia Acuática están relacionado con aspectos como balance, marcha y estado motor. En cuanto a los no motores se benefician la autopercepción en calidad de vida, de sueño y dolor. El congelamiento de marcha mejora con el uso de obstáculos dentro del agua. Las intervenciones incluyen ejercicios específicos de balance multimodal, tareas duales, Ai Chi, método Halliwick, entrenamiento multicomponente acuático, tratamiento multidisciplinario intensivo de rehabilitación motora-cognitiva con Terapia Acuática y entrenamiento de la marcha dentro del agua. Las ventajas encontradas se relacionan al balance, disminución del miedo a caídas, mejor estabilidad del tronco con fortalecimiento de los miembros inferiores y reducción del tono muscular reflejando mejoras en la marcha. Conclusiones: la Terapia Acuática resulta ser factible y segura como coadyuvante a la terapia física convencional sobre balance, marcha, estado motor y calidad de vida resultando ser un recurso eficiente, fácil y placentero de bajo costo económico y alta adherencia.
Retos y realidades en Cuidados Paliativos en Costa Rica
Authors: Osorio-Rodríguez Adriana
Published: January 2025

.
Prevention and Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury Associated with High Dose Methotrexate
Authors: Faguer Stanislas , Medrano Chloé , Tavitian Suzanne , Oberic Lucie
Published: January 2025

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a rare but life-threatening complication of the administration of methotrexate (MTX) at high doses (≥1 g/m2) for treatment of solid or hematological malignancies. MTX overexposure can lead to MTX-AKI, and subsequent higher risk of extra-kidney toxicities, morbidity and mortality. MTX-AKI can also lead to secondary chronic kidney disease requiring a reduced dose or contraindication for subsequent MTX infusions, thus worsening the cancer-related prognosis. Treatment of MTX-AKI is mainly preventive, combining alkaline hyperhydration, withdrawal of all nephrotoxic agents and drugs that modulate the metabolism of MTX, metabolic salvage using leucovorin (folinic acid), and close monitoring of serum MTX and creatinine concentrations. Glucarpidase (carboxypeptidase-G2), a recombinant bacterial enzyme that hydrolyzes MTX into two non-cytotoxic metabolites, should be considered for patients with MTX overexposure to prevent and lessen AKI and other potential toxicities. This article provides a comprehensive review of MTX metabolism, mechanisms and prevention of MTX-AKI, and its management.
Sustentabilidade na Engenharia Aeronáutica: percepções e estratégias para reduzir o impacto ambiental
Authors: Scandiuzzi João Rodrigo Vendramini
Published: January 2025

O impacto ambiental e a sustentabilidade têm se tornado questões centrais na indústria aeronáutica devido às exigências globais de redução de emissões de carbono e à busca por tecnologias mais eficientes. No entanto, a abordagem desses temas no curso de engenharia aeronáutica ainda é limitada, o que pode dificultar a formação de profissionais preparados para enfrentar os desafios ambientais do setor. Este artigo investiga como a sustentabilidade pode ser incorporada de forma mais abrangente e precoce no currículo acadêmico, utilizando dados coletados por meio de um formulário online. O formulário foi aplicado a estudantes do setor aeronáutico, abordando questões como o nível de conhecimento sobre sustentabilidade, experiências práticas, relevância do tema no mercado de trabalho e sugestões para a inclusão do tema na formação acadêmica. Conclui-se que a integração do tema ao longo do curso, por meio de disciplinas específicas, projetos interdisciplinares e parcerias com a indústria, é fundamental para formar engenheiros mais capacitados e alinhados com as demandas ambientais e regulatórias da aviação moderna. Essas mudanças podem contribuir significativamente para a construção de uma aviação mais sustentável.
The smiting of Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis: A novel antimicrobial proposition
Authors: Khalifa Moad , See Too Wei Cun , Chew Ai Lan , Few Ling Ling
Published: January 2025

S. mitis and S. oralis are typically found in the oral cavity of humans, but they have the potential to become harmful pathogens that cause infective endocarditis and bacteraemia, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a serious issue that poses a significant threat to public health, and if appropriate measures are not taken, it could result in an estimated ten million deaths annually by 2050. S. mitis group of bacteria has demonstrated resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the urgent need for novel antimicrobial strategies. Research has shown that inhibitors of human choline kinase can impede the activity of choline kinase (ChoK) and inhibit the growth of S. pneumoniae. ChoK, encoded by the licA gene of Streptococcus species, is responsible for producing phosphorylcholine, a precursor for lipoteichoic acid and cell wall teichoic acid. Due to the significant homology of the licA gene and protein sequences of S. mitis, S. oralis to S. pneumoniae, we propose that choline kinase inhibitors (ChoKIs), which have been effective against S. pneumoniae, have a promising prospect in inhibiting S. mitis and S. oralis. In summary, the development of novel antimicrobial strategies is critical to combat the spread of AMR in S. mitis and S. oralis. The high homology between the licA gene and protein sequences of these bacteria presents a promising opportunity for the development of ChoKIs to "smite" S. mitis and S. oralis and potentially mitigate the high mortality rates associated with AMR.
Moral Hazard, Aristotle's Virtue Ethics and Accounting Education in the Preparation of Corporate Financial Reports: Systematic Literature Review.
Authors: Parwati Tri Ayu , Wahyudi Rahmat , Suryadi Dodi , Viona Resyelly
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this study is to explore the relationship between moral hazard, virtue ethics and accounting education in the context of financial statement preparation practices. The literature search process was conducted using seven keyword combinations: Virtue Ethics AND Accounting Education, Virtue Ethics AND Financial Reporting, Moral Hazard AND Accounting Ethics, Accounting Education AND Ethics Integration, Financial Reporting AND Virtue Ethics, Ethical Decision Making AND Accounting Profession, Accounting Education AND Integrity in Financial Reporting. From this search, 1 article was found in Web of Science journals, 2 articles in Elsevier journals, 3 articles in Springer journals, 1 article in Willey-Blackweell journals, 2 articles in Taylor & Francis journals, 1 article in SAGE Publications journals, 4 articles in Emerald journals, 2 articles in ProQuest journals, 1 article in Ebsco journals and 2 articles in MDPI journals. The results of the literature review indicate that moral hazard in the accounting world can be minimized with an approach based on Aristotle's virtue ethics, which encourages accountants to develop personal virtues such as honesty, courage, and wisdom. Accounting education that focuses on these ethical values is expected to create accountants who are not only technically competent, but also have high moral awareness, so that the financial statements produced are more trustworthy and reflect the true financial condition of the company.
Design of Decision Support System in Determining Maintenance Priority Using Weighted Product (WP) Method
Authors: Setiawan Puja Memo Dwi , Hardianto Romi , Prawiro Radius
Published: January 2025

Technological developments are very dynamic so that the information produced is fast and accurate, starting from an office to the educational level. Management of facility maintenance data at State Senior High School 2 Sijunjung is still done manually. Determining facility maintenance work based on manual management can cause the determination of facility maintenance work to be irrelevant. To overcome this problem, a decision support system is needed that can improve the process of managing and determining facility maintenance work using the Weighted Product (WP) method. The Weighted Product (WP) method is a multi-criteria decision-making method used to solve the problem of selecting the best option from several available alternatives. Based on the results of the analysis in the process of determining facility maintenance, the researcher made manual calculations using the weighted product method where there are 5 criteria and 15 alternatives. From the results of these calculations, the researcher made a decision by looking at the ranking of the WP calculation where the art room was ranked first with a value of 0.0900. This system is expected to be able to assist schools in managing facility data that affects the determination of facility maintenance work priorities and as a basis for decision-making in determining facility maintenance work
INTERPRETOVATELNOST A VYSVĚTLITELNOST
SYSTÉMŮ UMĚLÉ INTELIGENCE
Authors: Hendl Jan
Published: January 2025

Příspěvek podává přehled o tom, co je vysvětlitelná a interpretovatelná umělá inteligence (AI) a uvádí doporučení, která přispívají k zvýšení důvěry v AI a mohou vývojovým pracovníkům
pomoci při vytváření důvěryhodných AI systémů.
Stručně se zabýváme modelově agnostickými metodami se
zvláštním zaměřením na nejznámější z nich LIME a SHAP.
The Perception of War as “The Will of God”: The Meanings of the Biblical Quotations in “The Story of the Capture of Kazan'” (Troitskaya)
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Restoration and Construction Institute, Savitskij S.G.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The monument of Russian literature “The Story of the Capture of Kazan'” (Troitskaya) is interesting, first of all, not as a historical source, but as a text reflecting the ideological constants of the people of the XVI century, the time of strengthening Russian state and expanding the territory because of successful conquests of tsar John the Terrible. The article analyzes the biblical quotations in the Story, the author of which had belonged to the monastic-ascetic tradition of orthodox Christianity. Content. It is shown that the text of the Story contains thirteen direct biblical quotations, of which only four are from the New Testament. By quoting the Bible, the author of the Story conveys certain meanings, he adapts quotations to his plan, ignoring the biblical context and exegetical tradition. It is significant that he refers to Christ's speech about himself as a Pastor from the Gospel of John. Quotes from this speech are used by the author of the Story to legitimize the religious authority of the tsar power and to convey the idea of the unity of the state. The quote 1 Cor. 2:9 is introduced to justify a feat of arms in war (having died on the battlefield, a warrior can count on heavenly bliss). The biblical quotations in the Story also help the author to build a composition, mark the characters, stylistically decorate certain fragments of the text.

Conclusions. References to the Holy Scripture in the text of the historical narrative have a twofold function. On the one hand, they organize the text, structure it, create a genre identity, bringing the presentation stylistically closer to hagiographic literature. On the other hand, through biblical quoting, the author of the Story conveys the spiritual meanings of the events, with the help of justification quotes, the “godliness” of the Kazan' conquest is proved, it should be perceived as “the will of God”. It is noted that biblical quotations are withdrawn from the biblical context in the Story, filled with their own (author's) meaning, in accordance with the goals of the narrator. In addition, it is not obvious that the author of the Story resorted to patristic interpretations to understand the Scriptures that he cites.
Humanistic Gerontology and Aging Phenomenon Interpretation in the Postmodernism Social Philosophy
Authors:   Siberian State Industrial University, Pashina L.A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The problem of mass aging of the population is one of the most urgent for our time, requiring urgent solutions. The article examines the history of the emergence of a stable socio-political interest in the phenomenon of late age, describes the constitution of biomedical gerontology, examines the formation of scientific approach in the study of the phenomenon of aging by referring to the methodology of the humanistic tradition, analyzes the reasons for the emergence and relevance of humanistic gerontology, and provides arguments justifying its prospects. Content. The topic of this article is to consider the conditions for the emergence of humanistic gerontology - a hybrid field of knowledge exploring the experience of aging; a borderline field for biomedical gerontology, humanities and art. The advantages of the humanistic perspective for gerontology and the main areas of development of this area are indicated. The development of the “third sector” in the United States is briefly considered, which subsequently became a powerful socio-political force helping to effectively solve the problems of aging. It is demonstrated that humanistic gerontology accumulates efforts to explore the inner experience of aging, revealing productive opportunities to improve the quality of life in late life, as well as providing knowledge, the use of which can prolong active longevity.

Conclusions. Humanistic gerontology explores the symbolic meanings attributed to aging and old age, images, interpretations and practices that shape our perception and experience of aging in various historical epochs and cultural contexts. It contributes to our understanding of aging as a socio-cultural phenomenon, thereby making steps towards a clearer concept of a person, revealing the meanings of each life stage and forming new meanings and values of the late life stage, so necessary in the world of “fluid modernity’, where the eternal questions (What is old age?, When it begins, What is a decent old age?, What is the meaning and value of old age?, Is old age the end of life?) we must find answers that correspond to our understanding of the new reality, and these answers should help us consciously, with the acceptance to live through this period. Humanistic gerontology can make a great contribution to the field of age-related research: expand gerontological knowledge, bring new creative methodologies to the study of all aspects of people's lives in old age. The article asserts the urgent need to build a universal gerontological theory that can be applied to build a comprehensive public policy on aging.
Gobierno abierto y participación ciudadana en Latinoamérica: revisión sistemática
Authors: Chuquisapon-Salas Odar Job , Recalde-Gracey Andrés Enrique , Rodríguez-Briceño Jorge Ángel
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar el gobierno abierto y participación ciudadana en Latinoamérica a partir de una revisión sistemática de políticas, barreras y oportunidades. El método empleado en la investigación se apoyó en el enfoque cuantitativo, recurriendo a la tipología documental-bibliográfica, lo que permite establecer el análisis del objeto de estudio. El material analizado abarcó investigaciones científicas y trabajos arbitrados. Igualmente, se utilizó la revisión sistemática de literatura. Se concluye que, la evolución del gobierno abierto es prometedora, pero sigue enfrentando retos relacionados con su implementación uniforme, especialmente en contextos de crisis, las políticas públicas deben orientarse hacia la digitalización inclusiva y la mejora constante.