bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpreting Screening of Appropriate Carbonate Reservoir for Low Salinity Water Flood EOR in Giant Indian Offshore Fields
Authors: Srivastava Vivek Raj , Mitra Sujit , Gopal Giridhar , Gupta S. K.
Published: February 2024

In offshore giant carbonate reservoirs low pressure, high salinity, and high temperature make popular liquid-based EOR a challenge. But tuning injection water salinity/ ionic composition can increase both microscopic and macroscopic displacement efficiency in carbonates screened based on temperature, wettability, and potential determining ions (PDI). The study includes an analysis of major offshore fields of India and highlights key factors that showed a positive impact of low salinity water flood (LSWF).

The main emphasis of this paper is on 1- Screening of carbonate reservoir offshore fields based on spontaneous imbibition and wettability index experiment; 2- Core flood displacement experiment for proper evaluation of LSWF effect based on incremental recovery; 3- Optimization of salinity on carbonate core samples in both tertiary and secondary mode water flood; 4- Relative permeability curve generation for both high salinity seawater (HSSW) and Optimized low salinity water (OLSWF) water through single porosity core model simulation based on laboratory experiment inputs and 5- Pilot area simulation to quantify the benefit of OLSWF on a field scale.

The main conclusions of the study are 1- Wettability index and spontaneous imbibition (SI) experiments indicate a potential low salinity effect; the presence of clays, formation, and injection brine composition, presence of potential determining ions determines the impact of oil recovery for screening of fields; 2- Displacement studies indicated an incremental recovery of (5.6-15.9% HCPV) respectively over seawater flooding owing to a reduction of salinity; 3- Salinity optimization study reduce the potential risk of incompatibility between injection water and the initial crude-oil/brine/rock system. Rock-fluid compatibility studies confirm 25% seawater (SW) salinity as optimum salinity with maximum incremental recovery with diluted versions of seawater having a salinity range from 33640 ppm to 336 ppm; 4- Relative permeability curve generated for both high salinity seawater (HSSW) and optimized low salinity water (OLSWF) water with the help of 1D Core flood simulation. The oil recovery profile was used to generate a reasonable match between experimental and simulation results. Residual oil saturation decreases by about 10 saturation units under low salinity flooding in imbibition mode; 5-Simulation Study envisages incremental oil gain of 1.37 MMt over the base case with incremental oil recovery of 1.5%.

The originality of the paper lies in the finding of the potential of LSWF for offshore carbonate reservoirs at high-temperature ranges along with its confirmation by a shift in the relative permeability curves through the wettability alteration phenomenon. The positive outcomes serve as guidelines for carbonate reservoir screening and the science of rock fluid interactions at the pore scale in LSWF.
Unified Fracture Design Optimisation Under the Fracture Height Migration of the Oligocene Formation, White Tiger Field
Authors: Huu Truong Nguyen , Quynh Mai Duong Thi
Published: February 2024

Many hydraulic fracturing treatments have been carried out for producer wells selection with low permeable formation in the primeval sedimentary of the White Tiger field to increase the permeability of the reservoir and increase the fracture conductivity, leading to an increase the productivity index. Several treatments recorded a higher fracture growth in comparison with the effective reservoir thickness, resulting in poor proppant distribution within the fractured reservoir, and shorter propped length, and narrower propped width, resulting in poorer propped fracture conductivity. In this study, the optimally designed the optimal propped length and propped width using Unified fracture design (UFD) in combination with symmetrical fracture height evolution with a pseudo-three-dimension model (p-3D) for three-layered formation under the constraint of maximum proppant distribution per unit fracture area created, or optimum dimensionless productivity index for the low permeability reservoir. Results for a single well production fracturing case in the upper Oligocene formation have been obtained with such fracture height migration of 124.1 ft, pay zone thickness of 120 ft, propped fracture half-length of 298 ft, propped fracture width of 0.18 in, propped fracture conductivity of 660 mD.ft, the highest percentage of proppant placement in the pay zone at 96.7% by 125,710 lbs of proppant size 16/30 of Sintered Ball Bauxite (SBB), mass of propped used 130,000 lbs, effective reservoir-reservoir efficiency is 125,710 lbs. In addition, the sensitivity analysis of in-situ stresses and fracture toughness of the overlying layers and the underlying layers under treating pressure influenced by fracture height migration have been discussed.
Carbon Dioxide Gas Adsorption on Eagle Ford Shale for Assessing CO2 Storage Potential
Authors: Adnan N. , Amir M. B. Shaiful , Mohshim D. F. , Aji A. Q. Mohd
Published: February 2024

Shale formations have the potential to store a considerable amount of CO2 through gas adsorption in the shale matrix. This work aims to investigate the effects of total organic carbon content, pressure and temperature on adsorption capacity of Eagle Ford shales. This study involved the determination of void volume of two shale samples (EF A and EF B) with varying TOC and the determination of their CO2 adsorption capacity at varying pressure of 2 MPa – 10 MPa and varying temperature of 40°C and 60°C. The study employed a volumetric approach to examine the CO2 gas adsorption on shale samples. Results indicated that shales with higher TOC content have higher CO2 adsorption capacity, making shale formations with more organic matter to be potential candidates for CO2 storage. Overall, TOC, pressure and temperature played a significant role in CO2 adsorption capacity of the shale samples.
Optimisation of Well Location for Water Gas Alternating Flooding in Deepwater Carbonate Reservoirs Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Li Yunbo , Wang Ze , Sun Hao , Yu Yang , Liu Zhangcong , Yang Zhaopeng
Published: February 2024

A deep-water offshore oil field belongs to a carbonate reservoir with a depth of over 2000 meters, and is developed using large well spacing water gas alternating (WAG) flooding. Compared with onshore oilfields, single well investment in deepwater oilfields is high, and in order to achieve the goal of high production with thin wells, the requirements for well location deployment are higher. At the same time, the presence of heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs further increases the difficulty of well layout. Therefore, optimizing the well location for the development of water gas alternative flooding in deep water carbonate reservoirs to achieve optimal cumulative production and economic benefits is a challenge.

Optimization of well locations based on numerical simulation usually requires engineers to spend a lot of time and energy. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, using machine learning algorithms to optimize well locations may be a fast and reliable solution. The research started with data processing. Firstly, data related to well location optimization parameters are collected and pre-processed, such as data filling and data normalization. Pearson algorithm is used to judge the importance of feature parameters according to correlation, and finally the interference between features is reduced by dimensionality reduction algorithm. After data processing, a reservoir agent model is established based on XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting), the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the model, and SSA-XGBoost is used to optimize the well location of deepwater carbonate reservoirs in multiple rounds.

The results clearly show that AI is a powerful tool for optimizing well placement in deepwater carbonate reservoirs. SSA-XGBoost model scored 0.99 in the training set decision coefficient, 0.96 in the test set decision coefficient, and 0.83 in the verification set decision coefficient, which has higher prediction accuracy compared with other machine learning algorithms.

This study provides a technical method for the location optimization of WAG flooding Wells in deep water carbonate reservoirs
Numerical Simulation on Interaction Between the Supercritical CO2 and Water-Rock in Tarim Basin
Authors: Zhang Youheng , Dong Pingchuan , Chen Shun , Chen Yiwei , Cheng Peizhai , Yang Bingtao
Published: February 2024

Climate change is related to human survival and long-term development. In the context of global carbon neutrality, carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage play a key role in carbon emission reduction. Supercritical CO2 appears weakly acidic when dissolved in water. After contact with the reservoir, the carbonate rock in formation will react with the CO2 aqueous solution, which will lead to the process of original mineral dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation, and affect the seepage process. The numerical simulation method is used to study the CO2-water-rock reaction time and storage capacity in structural and stratigraphic trapping, residual trapping, solubility trapping, and mineral trapping. Solubility trapping utilizes CO2 to dissolve in the aqueous phase at a certain pressure/temperature to achieve the purpose of storage. It largely depends on pressure, temperature, and surface area in contact with water bodies. Residual trapping uses the effect of the relative permeability curve from displacement to suction to trap the non-wetting phase. The mineral trapping of Anorthite, Calcite, and Kaolinite after CO2 injection under the initial condition of PH=7 was simulated. Comparison of water-rock reactions under four different storage methods. The results show that, during the simulation process, anorthite gradually dissolved, kaolinite gradually precipitated, and calcite initially dissolved and then precipitated. In the early stage of CO2 injection and reaction, more than 90% of CO2 is stored by structural and stratigraphic trapping and residual trapping, and there is a small amount of solubility trapping. The contribution rate of mineral trapping is about 0. With time, the amount of CO2 stored by solubility trapping and mineral trapping gradually increases, the concentration of CO2 dissolved in formation water and the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ increase significantly, the dissolution rate of formation rock increases, and the mineral trapping rate of CO2 also increases. It will take decades or even hundreds of years to realize the permanent storage of CO2. This provides theoretical support for long-term and safe storage of CO2 in reservoirs and prediction of storage methods and has certain guiding significance.
Wellbore Strengthening for Highly Depleted Formations: Controlling Particle Size Distribution in Drilling Mud
Authors: Illiani Nur , Nordin Khairul Annuar , Rincon Marco T. , Barbeau Francky , Sany Ramzan
Published: February 2024

A field development located offshore Peninsular Malaysia targets the northern Malay Basin oil-bearing sandstone reservoir. However, the reservoir shows reduced pore pressure due to hydrocarbon depletion, which is naturally coupled with a decreased fracture gradient. In addition to geomechanics constraints, the well design involves highly deviated and Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) wells aimed at reaching untapped hydrocarbon reserves. The abnormal pressure regime and the typical constraints of highly deviated and ERD wells demand an innovative well design that incorporates a two-pronged approach to control Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) as well as hole stability issues due to severe depletion. One of the strategies adopted was the design of a Low ECD Non-Aqueous Drilling Fluid (Low ECD NADF) aimed at reducing ECD while drilling without sacrificing optimal hole cleaning ability. Additionally, the specially designed Low ECD NADF was treated with Wellbore Strengthening Material (WBSM) to penetrate the severely depleted reservoir section. This specially-designed drilling fluid proved successful in both controlling ECD and increasing wellbore hoop stress across the depleted sands, preventing losses during drilling, casing running, and cement operations. The paper outlines the geomechanical data analysis guiding the WBSM design, computer-assisted predictions of hydraulically induced rock fractures using dedicated software for dynamically induced fracture size prediction, and laboratory testing iterations refining the WBSM package. Field application of the Low ECD NADF system included the use of Permeability Plugging Test (PPT) and Particle Size Distribution (PSD) analyses. Additionally, surface solids control equipment manipulation, including strategic shale shaker control, allowed the maintenance of WBSM treatment at optimal fracture pluggability at a minimum cost throughout the drilling of the depleted zone.
Production Enhancement Through Profile Modification (PM) of Injection Water Using Deep Penetrating Cross-Linked Polymer Gel in a Mature Carbonate Field in Offshore India - A Success Story
Authors: Sutaria Ishaq , Gupta VK , Daksh Pd. Vikrant , Nagiresu B. , Saklani Diksha
Published: February 2024

India's most gigantic oil field Mumbai High (MH) is an offshore mature carbonate field situated North West of Mumbai city in the Arabian sea of Western India. The field has a vast production history and is currently in mature stage of production with increasing water production. Several steps were taken to reduce the water cut and increase production for maximizing recovery from this mature carbonate field mainly driven by water injection. Most prominent reason for increasing water cut is presence of active high permeability conduits causing premature breakthrough of injection water. The early water breakthrough via matrix/dual porosity pathways from injectors is leading to water recycling between injectors and producers leading to unwanted high water production. Moreover most of these injectors are completed in multiple layers with very limited PLT/ILT data. To cater to this problem Profile Modification (PM) technology with deep penetrating polymer gel system was adopted on a large scale in a unique manner to improve the sweep efficiency and enhance production. This involved comprehensive analysis of performance of injectors and their nearby producers coupled with extensive laboratory studies to optimize the chemical formulation to come up with a tailored made chemical formulation best suited for the target reservoir. To ensure best results in terms of reducing the quantum of produced water, each job plan has been customized depending on reservoir parameters such as temperature, salinity, injectivity, injection history, depth of the target zone and permeability. Jobs were executed successfully in 31 injectors in a specific sequence targeting both the high permeable channels as well as the matrix/medium permeability zones so as to achieve uniform sweep across all layers. This approach resulted in substantial incremental oil gain and reduction in water cut in offset producers. This paper summarizes the candidate selection, chemical optimization studies, execution methodology, production response pre and post job and lessons learnt. This water management practice can be considered as one of the most efficient methods for addressing the problem of increasing water production from mature offshore carbonate fields under water injection in India and globally.
Rosmari Marjoram Offshore Platform Bespoke Skirted Mudmat Design
Authors: Abdullah Hafizzi , Sian Hoo Chee , Chen Ng Yong , Jalil Ashiq
Published: February 2024

Offshore Platforms are typically installed at a flat seabed area. However, the site selected for Rosmari Marjoram Offshore Platform (RMP) location has widespread presence of pockmarks, resulting in an uneven seabed where the conventional mudmat design is not feasible and this typically requires seabed preparation work (e.g rockfill) which is costly and has residual risk to pile and conductor installation. This is where engineers ingeniously deal with challenges by tailoring a mudmat shape that will ‘fit’ the unlevelled seabed around Rosmari Platform location to address the risk to jacket on-bottom stability during installation. This paper intends to highlight the unique challenges and complexity of Rosmari Marjoram Offshore Platform (RMP) jacket foundation design, and how the team successfully address the issues.

The ‘Bespoke’ skirted mudmat foundation option was proposed whereby the sizes and shapes of the skirted mudmat baseplates were ‘tailor-made’ to conform with the flat portions of the seabed. Assessments were done thoroughly which concludes that adequate bearing and sliding stability during jacket on bottom.
Exploring Ocean Renewable Energy Potential in Malaysia: A Comprehensive Study of Wind, Wave, and Hybrid Systems
Authors: Batinathan Shankar Jonathan , Yee Ng Cheng , Chee Sze Yan
Published: February 2024

The escalating impact of climate change has spurred global efforts to switch from conventional fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources, thus mitigating CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. Malaysia, a nation geographically enveloped by extensive coastlines and vast oceans, holds immense potential for tapping into ocean renewable energy resources. This research endeavors to pioneer an evaluation of Malaysia's ocean renewable energy potential, which focuses on the assessment of standalone wind and also the wave systems, as well as the combination of hybrid wind-wave system. Identifying two strategically significant locations for potential analysis, the study leverages metocean data to delve into the intricacies of power output from solo wind, wave, and hybrid systems. The comprehensive evaluation encompasses production rates, capacity factors, and levelized costs of energy for the selected sites. By scrutinizing these essential metrics, the study not only sheds light on the untapped ocean energy potential in Malaysia but also offers critical insights into the economic viability and performance of standalone and integrated renewable energy systems. The study emphasizes the importance of considering intra-annual fluctuations in estimating power production for consistent energy supply in oil and gas activities. Three scenarios were analyzed for each location: (1) wind only, (2) wave only, and (3) both combined. The results demonstrate that the combined solution improves overall energy production, reducing intermittent and intra-annual variability. Capacity factors for the combined solution surpass those of individual solutions, showing increased efficiency. The calculated Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for combined solutions is generally more attractive than standalone systems, especially at the L site. The potential for reduced LCOE is attributed not only to increased Annual Energy Production (AEP) and Capacity Factor (CF) but also to cost reductions in both CAPEX and OPEX due to expected synergies. The outcomes of this research are poised to inform sustainable energy strategies in Malaysia, guiding policymakers, environmentalists, and energy developers towards a more informed and holistic approach to leveraging the country's abundant ocean resources for renewable energy production. As Malaysia seeks to diversify its energy portfolio and contribute to global sustainability goals, this study provides a crucial foundation for future developments in the field of marine renewable energy.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities by students
Authors: Boldaji Fateme Tahmasebi , Amini Mitra , Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Effective clinical teaching is crucially important for patient care in future. Therefore, proper clinical training is essential to make physicians capable of delivering high-quality health care.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study was a cross-sectional research. After translating the questionnaire into Persian, it was distributed among medical students in the clinical years of medical education in teaching hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) has 25 questions in a 6-scale Likert scale that evaluates clinical tutors in five dimensions of teaching and learning environment, professional attitude toward students, transferring of goals, evaluation of students, feedback, and promoting self-directed learning. Instrument reliability was assessed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, whereas questionnaire content validity was evaluated by relative content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). To evaluate the structural validity, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted.

RESULTS:

The SETQ was completed by 127 medical students. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total questionnaire was estimated as 0.908. The factor analysis showed that the questionnaire was composed of six factors, explaining 66.14% of the total variance. The CVI and CVR indices of the individual items were also acceptable.

CONCLUSION:

The findings of our study showed that the Persian version of SETQ questionnaire had the acceptable reliability and validity to be used in assessing clinical tutors in different hospitals in Iran.
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school adolescent's children in public and private schools in Rangareddy district Telangana state
Authors: Kumar R Kranthi , Aruna G , Biradar Nandini , Reddy Kola Srikanth , Soubhagya M , Sushma SA
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

The depression, anxiety, and stress is a major educational problem among students all around the world. The purposes of this study were to determine the depression, anxiety, and stress among the high school adolescent children in public and private schools in Rangareddy district, Telangana state.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study was a cross-sectional study. The study sample considered 120 children from private schools and 259 children from public schools were studied. The study tool used was a questionnaire containing DASS (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale and sociodemographic characteristics. The data were expressed as proportion and mean values (Analysis of variance, independed t-test, and Pearson correlation) spatially tests were used at a significance level of P < 0.05).

RESULTS:

The overall prevalence of depression in children from the public school was found to be only 5%, that of anxiety was 20.8%, and that of stress was 15.8%; the overall prevalence of depression in children from private schools was found to be 1.9%, that of anxiety was 20.5%, and that of stress was 20.1%.

CONCLUSION:

In both schools, anxiety and atress were found to be more among study participants. Depression was observed to be less. But if they have more anxiety and stress and if not taken proper care at this point of time, it might get converted into a state of Depression.
Design and Application of Global Energy Trade Cross Border E-commerce Optimization Model
Authors: Shan Jianing
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION: With the continuous advancement of global economic integration, cross-border energy trade activities internationally are becoming increasingly frequent.
OBJECTIVES: To improve the efficiency of energy trade, this study is devoted to exploring the optimization model of cross-border e-commerce in global energy trade. Introducing advanced information technology and e-commerce platforms aims to facilitate the digital transformation of energy trade, improve transaction efficiency, reduce costs, and promote sustainable energy development.
METHODS: This study adopts a comprehensive methodology, including a literature review, case analysis, and model construction. First, relevant literature on global energy trade and cross-border e-commerce was thoroughly studied to understand the current development status and existing problems. Second, the successful experiences and challenges of cross-border e-commerce in enhancing the efficiency of energy trade are summarized through the analysis of several international cases. Finally, a set of optimization models that comprehensively consider market demand, technical conditions, and policy environment are constructed to guide the development of cross-border e-commerce in global energy trade. RESULTS: The empirical analysis of the optimization model reveals that cross-border e-commerce has significant potential in international energy trade. The model can effectively improve transaction efficiency, reduce the risk of information asymmetry, and promote the balanced development of the global energy market. It is also observed that digital transformation significantly affects the promotion of sustainable energy, providing a more sustainable path for global energy transition.
CONCLUSION: By establishing a cross-border e-commerce optimization model for international energy trade, this study provides substantial theoretical and empirical support for promoting the digital transformation of energy trade. In the future, governments, enterprises, and international organizations can draw on the conclusions of this study to formulate relevant policies and strategies to promote global energy trade jointly toward a more efficient and sustainable development path.
Association of Pre-Pandemic Telehealth With Emergency Department and Telehealth Usage During the Pandemic
Authors: Strand Michael , Watanabe Jonathan H.
Published: February 2024

Objectives Aims were to quantify the association of pre-COVID-19 pandemic telehealth use and separately: 1) likelihood of an emergency department (ED) visit, 2) likelihood of a telehealth visit in older people during the pandemic. Design A retrospective
cohort study to measure odds ratios (ORs) of telehealth usage before the pandemic and likelihood of an ED visit and telehealth visit during the study period. Setting and Patients Adults 65 years of age and older (N = 39,214) in the University of California COVID Research
Data Set (UC CORDS). Main Outcomes Primary outcome was occurrence of one or more ED visits. Secondary outcome was occurrence of one or more telehealth visits. Results A telehealth visit before the pandemic was associated with reduced likelihood of an
ED visit with an OR of 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.200.55). Pre-pandemic telehealth was associated with an increased likelihood of telehealth use during the pandemic with an OR of 4.66 (95% CI 3.52-6.18). Conclusion Older people who utilized telehealth before the
pandemic were less likely to receive emergency care and were more likely to use telehealth during the pandemic. Approaches to enhance and measure telehealth access for older people are necessary.
Success in Heart Failure? An Investigation of Heart Failure Readmission Rates and Medication Regimen Optimization
Authors: Bracken Dominic , Wagner-Dallas Sarah , Branum Destiny
Published: February 2024

In May 2022, the American College of Cardiology updated their guideline-directed medical therapy for congestive heart failure (CHF) to include four pillars of therapy. These pillars aim to better control patients with heart failure (HF) and reduce the incidence of hospitalization by
including an evidence-based beta-blocker, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/ angiotensin receptor blocker/angiotensin receptor/ neprilysin inhibitor, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and newly recommended sodium glucose cotransporter 2-inhibitors. This study at University
of Florida Health Central Florida Hospitals reviewed patients who were diagnosed with CHF and recorded if they were readmitted with a HF exacerbation within 30 days of an initial index admission. Patients had data obtained retrospectively using electronic medical records from patient hospital
encounters within the study inclusion dates; 7/1/2022-9/30/2022. Hospital readmission rates for patients with CHF, and information on each patient’s medication regimen was collected to see if they met medication optimization criteria. A total of 252 patients were evaluated, with 157
meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the patients included, 23 (14.6%) experienced a hospital readmission within 30 days because of acute HF exacerbation or worsening HF. After reviewing medication regimens, 60 patients (38.2%) were receiving treatment with one pillar of therapy, 72 (45.8%)
with two pillars of therapy, 12 (7.6%) with three pillars of therapy, and one patient was treated with all four pillars of therapy. In conclusion, this study showed that the recommended pillars of therapy are not being implemented and patients with CHF may benefit from medication optimization.
The Evolution and Revolution of Telehealth
Authors: Davitian Leigh
Published: February 2024

The author discusses the history and current use of telehealth services in relation to policies and regulation.
Telehealth and Pharmaceutical Care for Older People: Today and Tomorrow
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: February 2024

As pointed out in pieces published in this edition of The Senior Care Pharmacist, although health care services have been provided remotely for a long time, it was only with the advent of the internet
that health care practitioners and their patients had the means to conduct virtual consultations. Even more sophisticated processes such as remote health monitoring have become available, and indeed to a degree,
expected, by patients.
Using Sentiment Analysis of Arabic Tweets to Fine-Tune CRM Structure
Authors: Alomar Khalid , AL-Rubaiee Hamed
Published: February 2024

Understanding how customers perceive the services they receive has always been crucial to a business’s success. It is widely accepted that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Customer Experience Management (CEM) have both been shown to aid businesses in making better decisions by providing them with better information. Unfortunately, in real-world business applications, there are distinctions between customer opinions collected through customer relationship management (CRM) and the real customer opinions gathered via social media for customer experience management (CEM). It is critical to close this gap between the two to match customer expectations. Both CRM and CEM have been recognised as tools that can help firms make better decisions. However, until recently, the problem of integrating unstructured data from CEM directly into CRM was largely ignored, and, particularly in the Arabic language, it has remained unsolved. Thus, the goal of this study is to offer a framework for CRM modification via CEM that integrates a semantic orientation method and supervised machine learning. Sentiment analysis was utilised to enhance the CRM structure to add important aspects that were missing. The results of this study show that businesses could undoubtedly make more informed decisions by expanding their CRM structure to incorporate more of the issues discussed by customers on social media. Surprisingly, the negative class had the most label matching between CRM and CEM.
Seeing beneath the surface: Harnessing point-of-care ultrasound for internal jugular vein evaluation
Authors: Chayapinun Vichayut , Koratala Abhilash , Assavapokee Taweevat
Published: February 2024

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) of the internal jugular vein (IJV) offers a non-invasive means of estimating right atrial pressure (RAP), especially in cases where the inferior vena cava is inaccessible or unreliable due to conditions such as liver disease or abdominal surgery. While many clinicians are familiar with visually assessing jugular venous pressure through the internal jugular vein, this method lacks sensitivity. The utilization of POCUS significantly enhances the visualization of the vein, leading to a more accurate identification. It has been demonstrated that combining IJV POCUS with physical examination enhances the specificity of RAP estimation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the various sonographic techniques available for estimating RAP from the internal jugular vein, drawing upon existing data.
Development and validation of a nomogram model for predicting the risk of pre-hospital delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Cao Jiao-Yu , Zhang Li-Xiang , Zhou Xiao-Juan
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe cardiovascular disease caused by the blockage of coronary arteries that leads to ischemic necrosis of the myocardium. Timely medical contact is critical for successful AMI treatment, and delays increase the risk of death for patients. Pre-hospital delay time (PDT) is a significant challenge for reducing treatment times, as identifying high-risk patients with AMI remains difficult. This study aims to construct a risk prediction model to identify high-risk patients and develop targeted strategies for effective and prompt care, ultimately reducing PDT and improving treatment outcomes.

AIM

To construct a nomogram model for forecasting pre-hospital delay (PHD) likelihood in patients with AMI and to assess the precision of the nomogram model in predicting PHD risk.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort design was employed to investigate predictive factors for PHD in patients with AMI diagnosed between January 2022 and September 2022. The study included 252 patients, with 180 randomly assigned to the development group and the remaining 72 to the validation group in a 7:3 ratio. Independent risk factors influencing PHD were identified in the development group, leading to the establishment of a nomogram model for predicting PHD in patients with AMI. The model's predictive performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve in both the development and validation groups.

RESULTS

Independent risk factors for PHD in patients with AMI included living alone, hyperlipidemia, age, diabetes mellitus, and digestive system diseases (P < 0.05). A nomogram model incorporating these five predictors accurately predicted PHD occurrence. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.787 (95% confidence interval: 0.716–0.858) and 0.770 (95% confidence interval: 0.660-0.879) in the development and validation groups, respectively, demonstrating the model's good discriminatory ability. The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test revealed no statistically significant disparity between the anticipated and observed incidence of PHD in both development and validation cohorts (P > 0.05), indicating satisfactory model calibration.

CONCLUSION

The nomogram model, developed with independent risk factors, accurately forecasts PHD likelihood in AMI individuals, enabling efficient identification of PHD risk in these patients.
Reserving the objectionable: reprisals against enemy civilians, the United Kingdom and 1977 Additional Protocol I
Authors: Moir Lindsay
Published: February 2024

Belligerent reprisals are a largely discredited method for the enforcement of international humanitarian law, which have been progressively limited and prohibited. Additional Protocol I of 1977 prohibits reprisals against enemy civilians but the United Kingdom lodged a reservation upon its ratification of the Protocol reserving the right to engage in reprisal activity against enemy civilians in certain circumstances. This article assesses the permissibility of the United Kingdom’s reservation according to the regulatory framework set out in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which provides that a reservation is not permissible if it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty. It then considers the possible legal effects of the reservation should it be determined to be impermissible.
Artificial intelligence in urban warfare: opportunities to enhance the protection of civilians?
Authors: Greipl Anna Rosalie
Published: February 2024

As the hostilities in Ukrainian cities remind us once again, urban warfare persistently causes immense suffering and devastating consequences for civilians’ lives and livelihoods. At the same time, the events reveal the challenges urban warfare represents for militaries. The urban environment is one of the most complex environments within which to conduct military operations. To address the challenges this environment poses to militaries, several technologically advanced States are investing in the development of artificial intelligence to enhance a range of their military activities. The ways States have thus far prioritized the development of artificial intelligence systems, however, evidence that investments to improve militaries’ ability to mitigate civilian harm during urban warfare remain rather neglected. Hence, this article aims to demonstrate that despite the risks related to artificial intelligence applications, this technology has great potential for enhancing militaries’ ability to mitigate civilian harm further. But this requires governments to invest more in its development and use to that end. Recognizing artificial intelligence systems’ potential to reduce the military challenge of protecting civilians from harm during urban warfare is a pressing need, considering that conflicts increasingly occur in urban environments where the risks for civilians’ lives and their livelihoods grow exponentially.
Introduction: Studying the Complex Histories of the Occult and Politics in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Horák Pavel , Kotkowska Karolina Maria
Published: February 2024

The occult was a significant factor in developing the culture and politics in Central and Eastern Europe. Researching local occult groups contributes to a deeper understanding of East-Central European national movements, our understanding race and ethnicity, and socialist regimes existing in the region, thus shedding light on the complex and complicated histories within the region. This is an introduction to the special issue of PJAC.NS, which concisely summarizes recent scholarship, presents the activities of the Central and Eastern European Network for the Academic Study of Western Esotericism (CEENASWE), the regional network of the European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism, and introduces the ideas behind the special issue.
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) affects serotonin signaling differently in young compared to adults. Concomitant behavioral and neuronal recording from dorsal raphe in freely behaving rats
Authors: GM Elizondo , A Raymond , C Perez-Vasquez , N Dafny
Published: February 2024

Currently, methylphenidate (MPD) is one of the most commonly prescribed psychostimulants for management and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A rise in the consumption of MPD by “ordinary” youth and adults prompted concern regarding the ontogeny effects of acute and chronic MPD exposure. The objective of this study is to concomitantly record behavioral and neuronal activity from the dorsal raphe (DR) nucleus, a major source of serotonergic innervation in the mammalian brain before and following different doses of acute and chronic administration of MPD in freely behaving adolescent (young) and adult rats previously implanted with electrodes in the DR. A wireless recording system over 10 consecutive experimental days was used. Four experimental groups were used: saline, 0.6, 2.5, and 10.0 mg/kg MPD for young and similar groups for adult rats. Animals received one daily MPD injection on experimental days 1-6, followed by three washout days, and then drug rechallenge on experimental day 10 (ED10). 860 DR units were recorded, 356 from adult rats and 504 from young rats. The study provides experimental evidence that the responses to acute and chronic MPD were significantly different between the two age groups. Moreover, the study implies that it is essential to evaluate the electrophysiological responses to a drug based on the animal’s behavioral response to chronic drug exposure and that the DR and serotonin signaling has a significant role in the response to MPD as well as a different role in young as compared to adult rats.
National Income Towards Equity Though Green Economy (Gini Comparative Analysis of Urban and Rural Ratios)
Authors: Firman Syah Ardy
Published: February 2024

The start of national financial development gives the government a centre on taking care of the economy similarly in both country and urban regions. In developing countries, there are many problems that are often found, one of which is inequality in the distribution of income with rural and urban income for each person. The approach utilized in this inquiry is subjective with a descriptive analysis. The examination method utilized could be a writing look and case examination related to the substance of breaking even with the dissemination of national wage calculate the Gini ratio for each region and then involves calculating the amount required to calculate the Gini coefficient, which involves the cumulative proportion of the population and the proportion of income received by that group and the green economy concept. This consideration demonstrates seven vital steps in a green economy utilizing macro-regional financial markers, specifically veritable to observing national wage dissemination. This result depicts concepts of green economy, green development, and green development, essentially planning to operationalize the linkages of financial, social, and natural columns within feasible advancement.
 Keywords: economic growth, green economy, Urban and rural ratio, Gini ratio
JEL Classification: E22, O15
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP MASYARAKAT MELALUI EDUKASI DAN DETEKSI DINI HIPERTENSI
Authors:   Institut Kesehatan dan Bisnis Kurnia Jaya Persada, Hoesny Rezkiyah , Hoesny Munafrin , Nursam Nasrullah ,   Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palopo
Published: February 2024

Hypertension is a risk factor for terminal illnesses such as heart failure and stroke, where this disease can interfere with daily activities and make people feel anxious easily, resulting in a decrease in quality of life. Health education and early detection through blood pressure checks are promotive and preventive efforts in treating hypertension. The implementation of community service carried out in the To'bulung sub-district, Palopo City, was successfully carried out. Blood pressure checks can identify the risk of hypertension and providing education can provide information about the etiology, clinical manifestations, complications, treatment and prevention of hypertension. Providing education through lecture methods, discussions and providing leaflets is effective in increasing public knowledge about hypertension in the To'bulung sub-district. This method can stimulate public curiosity about hypertension, especially its treatment and prevention. Routine blood pressure checks and providing education can increase people's knowledge and change their behavior to lead a healthy lifestyle. Maintaining physical condition will provide a sense of comfort and thus have an impact on the quality of life of hypertension sufferers.
PENYULUHAN PENCEGAHAN DIABETES MELITUS DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN LABUHAN DELI
Authors:   Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Situmorang Novrina , Hutasoit Eka Samuel P. , Situmeang Ivonne Ruth V. O. , Br. Sinaga Inda M. H. , L. Tobing Paul S. M. , Marpaung Alexander P. , Simanjuntak Maestro B. U. , Siregar Romatiur Marantha B.
Published: February 2024

Community Service (PKM) conducted by the Faculty of Medicine at the Indonesian Methodist University provides counseling on the benefits of basic immunization. Community Service was held on July 28 2023 at the Labuhan Deli Correctional Institution, Medan Labuhan District, Medan City, North Sumatra. Lectures, discussions and motivation are used as orientation methods. A question and answer discussion was held with the aim of gaining insight and understanding from the employees and residents of the Labuhan Deli correctional institution. The result of this outreach is that employees and residents of the Labuhan Deli Penitentiary have knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus, its symptoms, risk factors, and the complications it causes so that employees and the community can carry out prevention as early as possible.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN PLATFORM MICROSOFT SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors:   Universitas Mikroskil, Gohzali Hernawati , Lubis Ali Akbar ,   Universitas Negeri Medan
Published: February 2024

The unconducive pandemic situation has greatly affected various aspects of human life, including education. Learning that used to be done face-to-face must change to online learning. Online learning is distance learning based on internet network technology such as video conference, video call or text chat. The ability to use devices that can support the online learning process is needed by students in order to have a better learning experience. An application that can facilitate students in collaborating, communicating, and sharing learning documents is Microsoft Teams. Based on the results of the perception test conducted, it was found that the participants were familiar with several software that support online learning process. But for Microsoft platform itself, they are not familiar with and understand its use. To overcome the students' problems, a service activity was carried out to provide training on the use of Microsoft Teams application. Training activities were carried out twice and the evaluation process was carried out by giving assignments and working on pre-test and post-test questions. Various features from Microsoft are used by the students for online learning, including conversation features, meeting, cloud storage (onedrive), collaboration on the same worksheet in Microsoft Office, and so on. From the results of working on pre-test and post-test questions, it shows that there is an increase in students' skills in using the Microsoft Teams application.
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA BISNIS PERCETAKAN
Authors:   Universitas Mikroskil, Br. Ginting Suriani , Pandia Sonya Enda Natasha S. , Wailan’An Evi Juita
Published: February 2024

The printing business is growing along with the online printing business. The trend of online printing is increasing. The presence of online printing makes it easier for customers to print the documents they need without having to queue and wait. Nibun Printing is a printing services business that has been established since 2009 with the permanent customer of Nibun Printing being PDAM Tirtanadi Delitua Branch in terms of making fines and Tirtanadi logos at various events. The Partner's problem is that they don't understand the meaning of income and expenses, the Partner doesn't have a Financial Report. Nibun Printing does not prepare financial reports so it does not know the amount of income and costs for each period. Implementation of service activities is carried out by visiting partners to identify needs and provide training and assistance in preparing financial reports. Training activities are carried out by giving lectures and discussions first to explain the importance of financial reports in the printing business. Then it is continued with assistance and training in preparing financial reports. Through this activity Partners can understand the meaning of income and expenses in preparing Financial Reports. By providing training and assistance to Nibun Printing to be able to prepare financial reports in accordance with accounting standards, it can help partners to facilitate the preparation of financial reports in accordance with accounting standards. The prepared financial reports can be used to assist in obtaining external sources of funds so that this printing press continues to develop and able to expand his business.