bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Implementation of a Veterinary Spectrum of Care Clinical Rotation Aligned with the CBVE Model
Authors: Read Emma K. , Wisecup Michelle , Cuciak Lindsay , Matusicky Michelle , Miles Kristen , Snyder Joe , Wentworth Hillary , Zuckerman Karin , Fingland Roger B.
Published: August 2024

Spectrum of care (SOC) has recently been described in the literature, yet it is not an entirely new concept within the veterinary profession. Practitioners in general veterinary practice have long needed to provide a broad range of unique care options for their patients and clients, particularly those for whom referral is not possible. More recently, graduates and their employers have reported that new veterinarians often lack the competence and confidence to provide a broad array of care options, while training in ever more specialized tertiary-referral environments. To better prepare veterinary learners to cope with the variable nature of general veterinary practice and to better meet employer demands, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine purposefully backward designed learning experiences in a new outcomes-based curriculum so that SOC is emphasized and aligned with the foundation offered by the Competency-Based Veterinary Education (CBVE) model. A unique set of subcompetencies and educational goals were collaboratively developed and used to define a new final year rotation, with additional input provided by an advisory panel of practicing SOC veterinarians from private practice. Ideal caseload characteristics, case numbers, appointment length, daily activities, and other elements were defined, and final year student performance was monitored during implementation to assess progress in meeting key developmental milestones. Incorporating spectrum of care training at The Ohio State University shows promise for developing confidence and competence in new graduates, while also increasing their skills, and perhaps improving their mental health.
Formation of the readiness of future Fire Training Instructors for Professional activity with an emphasis on the use of Special Physical Training tools
Authors: Markov Oleksandr , Yevseiev Vadym , Mulenko Oleksii , Kovalenko Viktor , Kapliuk Dmytro , Dolia Serhii
Published: August 2024

Empirically, it was established that during the performance of official duties, in particular, during practical classes (training), fire training instructors are in "zones" of significant psychophysical stress, which in the case of low (unsatisfactory) individual physical and special physical readiness can slow down, and in some cases even to level the process of formation of practical shooting skills from various types of small arms (automatic) weapons among military personnel of various categories who are studying. This, in turn, actualizes the need for a suitable professional development program for future fire training instructors, which, in addition to specific theoretical knowledge and practical skills (according to the military accounting specialty), provides for the use of special physical training.
According to the results of the monitoring of specialized Internet resources (analysis of scientific-methodical and reference) literature, it was established that theoretical and empirical studies that comprehensively reveal the peculiarities of the organization of the training system of fire training instructors with an emphasis on the development of applied motor actions are rare. In the process of research and analytical work, the following methods were used (at the theoretical level): axiomatic, idealization, instrumental, historical and logical, descent from the concrete, formalization, as well as the experience of organizing the system of fire and special physical training of servicemen of various categories of institutions of the security and defense sector of Ukraine.
As a result of the research, the members of the research group developed experimental organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future fire training instructors for professional activity with an emphasis on the use of special physical training tools. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific intelligence provide for the testing of the organizational and pedagogical conditions proposed by us (on the example of future instructors in fire training, representatives of military units of the National Guard of Ukraine).
Surgery for subaxial cervical spine injuries: which is better: anterior, posterior, or anterior–posterior combined approach?: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bajamal Abdul Hafid , Subagio Eko Agus , Wicaksono Pandu , Ranuh I Gusti Made Aswin Rahmadi , Faris Muhammad , Utomo Budi
Published: August 2024

Both anterior and posterior approaches have shown insignificant differences in good clinical outcomes with one over another advantages and disadvantages. This review aimed to provide evidence for the best management of subaxial cervical spine injuries and discuss the clinical outcomes and complications. Clinical studies of anterior versus posterior and anterior versus anterior–posterior (combined) approaches to subaxial cervical spine injury were searched electronically from PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and other Internet databases. Clinical improvement, complication rates, and mortality rates showed no significant differences with an odds ratio of 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–1.49; p=0.61) for the anterior versus posterior approach and an odds ratio of 1.05 (95% CI, 0.35–3.18; p=0.93) for the anterior versus the combined approach. Surgical duration and blood loss were significantly different between the anterior and posterior groups with a mean difference of −42.84 (95% CI, −64.39 to 21.29; p<0.0001); −212.91 (95% CI, −417.60 to 8.22; p=0.04), respectively, whereas the length of hospitalization did not (p=0.16). No difference was found between the groups when compared by clinical improvement and complication rate. Meanwhile, the anterior approach was superior to the posterior approach in terms of surgical duration, blood loss, and hospitalization length.
Risk factors for allogeneic red blood cell transfusion in adult spinal deformity surgery
Authors: Iijima Yasushi , Kotani Toshiaki , Sakuma Tsuyoshi , Akazawa Tsutomu , Kishida Shunji , Ueno Keisuke , Ise Shohei , Ogata Yosuke , Mizutani Masaya , Shiga Yasuhiro , Minami Shohei , Ohtori Seiji
Published: August 2024

Study Design: Retrospective study.Purpose: To investigate the risk factors for allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.Overview of Literature: Studies have not thoroughly explored the roles of intraoperative hypothermia, autologous blood donation, and hemostatic agent administration, which would provide a better understanding of the risk for perioperative RBC transfusion in ASD surgery.Methods: The medical records of 151 patients with ASD who underwent correction surgery between 2012 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Estimated blood loss and perioperative allogeneic transfusion were examined. Patients were categorized into two groups based on whether they received perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the effect of age, sex, blood type, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status, preoperative hemoglobin level, autologous blood donation, global spine alignment parameters, preoperative use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet medicine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, number of instrumented fusion levels, total operative duration, three-column osteotomy, lateral interbody fusion, pelvic fixation, intraoperative hypothermia, use of gelatin-thrombin based hemostatic agents, and intraoperative tranexamic acid (TXA) with simultaneous exposure by two attending surgeons.Results: The estimated blood loss was 994.2±754.5 mL, and 71 patients (47.0%) received allogeneic blood transfusion. In the logistic regression analysis, the absence of intraoperative TXA use and simultaneous exposure (odds ratio [OR], 26.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.6–90.9; p<0.001), lack of autologous blood donation (OR, 21.2; 95% CI, 4.4–100.0; p<0.001), and prolonged operative duration (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3–1.9; p<0.001) were significant independent factors for perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion in ASD surgery.Conclusions: Autologous blood storage, intraoperative TXA administration, and simultaneous exposure should be considered to minimize perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion in ASD surgery, particularly in patients with anticipated lengthy surgeries.
Patient-specific mechanical analysis of pedicle screw insertion in simulated osteoporotic spinal bone models derived from medical images
Authors: Nishida Norihiro , Suzuki Hidenori , Tetsu Hanvey , Morishita Yuki , Kumaran Yogesh , Jiang Fei , Funaba Masahiro , Fujimoto Kazuhiro , Ichihara Yusuke , Sakai Takashi , Ohgi Junji
Published: August 2024

Study Design: Biomechanical study.Purpose: To investigate the mechanical characteristics of bone models created from medical images.Overview of Literature: Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology have affected its application in surgery. However, a notable gap exists in the analyses of how patient’s dimorphism and variations in vertebral body anatomy influence the maximum insertional torque (MIT) and pullout strength (POS) of pedicle screws (PS) in osteoporotic vertebral bone models derived from medical images.Methods: Male and female patients with computed tomography data were selected. Dimensions of the first thoracic (T1), fourth lumbar (L4), and fifth lumbar (L5) vertebrae were measured, and bone models consisting of the cancellous and cortical bones made from polyurethane foam were created. PS with diameters of 4.5 mm, 5.5 mm, and 6.5 mm were used. T1 PS were 25 mm long, and L4 and L5 PS were 40 mm long. The bone models were secured with cement, and the MIT was measured using a calibrated torque wrench. After MIT testing, the PS head was attached to the machine’s crosshead. POS was then calculated at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min until failure.Results: The L4 and L5 were notably larger in female bone models, whereas the T1 vertebra was larger in male bone models. Consequently, the MIT and POS for L4 and L5 were higher in female bone models across all PS diameters than in male bone models. Conversely, the MIT for T1 was higher in male bone models across all PS; however, no significant differences were observed in the POS values for T1 between sexes.Conclusions: The mechanical properties of the proposed bone models can vary based on the vertebral structure and size. For accurate 3D surgical and mechanical simulations in the creation of custom-made medical devices, bone models must be constructed from patientspecific medical images.
A novel technique for posterior lumbar interbody fusion to obtain a good local lordosis angle: anterior-release posterior lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Inoue Daisuke , Matsumori Hiroaki , Shigematsu Hideki , Ueda Yurito , Morita Toshiya , Kawasaki Sachiko , Ikejiri Masaki , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: August 2024

Herein, we describe a novel posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) technique with annulus fibrosus (AF) release and the use of expandable cages (called “anterior-release PLIF” [ARPLIF]). In this technique, posterior column osteotomy (PCO) and AF release provide excellent intervertebral mobility. AF release involves circumferentially peeling off the AF above or below the endplate between the fixed vertebrae under radiographic guidance without cutting the AF and anterior longitudinal ligament. Subsequently, high-angle variable-angle expandable cages are used to simultaneously expand both sides before inserting the percutaneous pedicle screws and correcting to achieve good local lumbar lordosis. PCO and AF release achieve excellent intervertebral mobility. Intervertebral mobility and simultaneous expansion of both cages disperse the force on the endplates, reducing cage subsidence, and the high-angle cages facilitate high intervertebral angle creation. The novel ARPLIF intervertebral manipulation technique can promote good local lumbar lordosis formation.
Jugando contra el capital: representaciones de resistencia anticapitalista en videojuegos
Authors: Roa Domínguez Juan Antonio
Published: August 2024

Introducción: El presente estudio analiza cómo los videojuegos, como parte de la cultura contemporánea, abordan críticas al capitalismo y su potencial para promover alternativas al sistema. Metodología: Utilizando una metodología híbrida de análisis de contenido y hermenéutica, se evaluaron los videojuegos presentados en la Fuck Capitalist Jam 2023. Se examinaron aspectos como narrativa, personajes, mecánicas de juego, estética, mensaje, interactividad y representación desde una perspectiva crítica y anticapitalista. Resultados: Los resultados destacaron tendencias en la expresión anticapitalista dentro de los videojuegos, abordando temas como la explotación laboral y la resistencia a las estructuras de poder. Discusión: El análisis muestra cómo los videojuegos pueden ser vehículos efectivos para expresar críticas al capitalismo y explorar ideas de resistencia. Conclusiones: El estudio concluye que los videojuegos tienen un gran potencial para ser expresiones críticas del capitalismo y para fomentar la acción social hacia alternativas socioeconómicas.
Estudio comparativo sobre el impacto de la participación del alumnado de posgrado en la evaluación de la asignatura Habilidades Directivas
Authors: Biedma Ferrer José María
Published: August 2024

Introducción: Dentro del contexto de convergencia en el EEES, se debe promover una formación que considere las habilidades que debe adquirir el estudiantado, con las consiguientes implicaciones directas en las metodologías docentes y en los procedimientos de evaluación. El objetivo general del trabajo es analizar y comparar el impacto de la participación del alumnado en la evaluación de la asignatura de posgrado Habilidades Directivas, durante dos cursos consecutivos, utilizando la misma metodología. Metodología: Además de la revisión de la literatura, la metodología utilizada ha consistido en el diseño y utilización de una rúbrica para la evaluación de las habilidades directivas del alumnado, y  en la elaboración de una encuesta cerrada y anónima, mediante una escala de Likert, que se ha suministrado a la muestra total de estudiantes del Máster de los dos cursos objetos de estudio. Resultados y Discusión: La participación del alumnado en el proceso de evaluación ha sido muy positiva, con una mejora en el curso 2023-24 de la calificación de la parte práctica, así como un incremento en la motivación y la satisfacción por la asignatura. Se ha puesto de manifiesto la escasa literatura existente sobre el tema planteado. Conclusiones: la participación del alumnado en la evaluación de la asignatura tiene un impacto muy positivo en las calificaciones. La percepción del alumnado es que incrementa su satisfacción y motivación con la asignatura, además de mejorar sus habilidades directivas.
El contexto laboral y género, diferenciadores del estilo de liderazgo
Authors: De la Fuente Anuncibay Raquel , Bueno de la Fuente Carla
Published: August 2024

Introducción: La influencia del género en los estilos de liderazgo es un tema complejo. Históricamente, se han perpetuado estereotipos de género, asociando a los hombres con rasgos como la asertividad, decisión y competitividad; y cualidades como la empatía, colaboración y el cariño a las mujeres. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar tipos de liderazgo y la capacidad de aplicarlo a distintas situaciones en función de las variables tipos de trabajo y sexo. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo no experimental transversal en una muestra de 617 personas. Se aplicó la escala LJI-2. Leadership Judgement Indicator para evaluar cuatro estilos de liderazgo, y la capacidad de aplicarlos a distintas situaciones. Resultados: Se constatan diferencias respecto al tipo de empresa y niveles de educación entre hombres y mujeres. Se señalan diferencias significativas en los estilos de dirección, el estilo directivo, consultante y delegatorio entre los varones, y consensual entre las mujeres. Destaca la correlación negativa, en las mujeres, entre el estilo directivo y el delegatorio Discusión: los estilos de liderazgo individuales están influenciados por una interacción de experiencias personales, normas culturales y contextos organizacionales. Conclusiones: Se observan diferencias en el estilo de liderazgo en función del sexo y tipos de trabajo.
Publicidad con propósito: evolución de los temas sociales en las campañas creativas (2020-2024)
Authors: Medina Núñez Marta , Sutil-García María , Santos-Navarro María Teresa
Published: August 2024

Introducción: El tratamiento de temas sociales en la publicidad ha ganado importancia en los últimos años pues la sociedad de hoy en día exige —más que nunca— inclusión y responsabilidad social por parte de las marcas. Metodología: Este artículo analiza cómo la publicidad del siglo XXI trasciende su función tradicional de impulsar ventas para convertirse en un actor clave en el diálogo social. Para ello, se han analizado 501 campañas premiadas en festivales de creatividad publicitaria. Discusión: Recientemente, se ha explorado cómo las empresas adoptan posturas sobre cuestiones sociales y políticas en un fenómeno llamado activismo de marca, que posiciona a las compañías como agentes de cambio para atraer a los consumidores más jóvenes. Aunque este enfoque puede ofrecer beneficios, también enfrenta desafíos de autenticidad y coherencia entre los mensajes y acciones de las empresas. Actualmente, existen lagunas en la investigación, como la escasez de análisis longitudinales y la limitación de estudios a contextos específicos, además de una insuficiente exploración de la reacción del público ante las discrepancias entre la publicidad y las prácticas empresariales. Conclusión: La conclusión principal es que hay una creciente tendencia a promover diálogos sobre cuestiones sociales, principalmente sobre medioambiente, Derechos Humanos, la discapacidad y salud.
Europe's 21st century performance and its engagement with postmodern culture: difference and event
Authors: Orosa Miguel A.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: This paper, from a poststructuralist approach of event and, besides, of difference (keys transversal to postmodernity and affecting the performative phenomena), intends to set up a theoretical framework out of the "problematic", from the question and the plight, rather than on the basis of the so-called apodictic, out of what is necessarily valid. This model to which we refer, made up of several philosophical concepts from current thought, tries to provide some keys from which to catch the so-called "performance" in the European stage of the 21st century. Methodology: An analysis of the performances in their constituent parts is carried out, and then the common data are synthesized in order to draw relevant conclusions. Results and Conclusions: The philosophical-performative model, compared and analyzed with the performances of representative groups on the European continent, is validated. Discussion: While interpreting the results and bringing them into contact with our transdisciplinary theoretical-factual corpus (the fruit of philosophical-dramatic research, of conversations and experiences in the field of dramaturgy and also of the stage), we observe not only that the variables are validated and meet the criteria of performativity, but also that it is not possible to understand this phenomenon apart from its postmodern grassroots.
Endoscopic transventricular “inside-out” corpus callosotomy: illustrative case
Authors: Baumgartner Michael E , Atallah Elias , Galligan Kathleen , McDonnell Pamela , Kennedy Benjamin C
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Tonic and atonic “drop attack” seizures are a classic and morbid semiology in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, resulting in frequent injuries and emergency room visits, in addition to neurocognitive sequelae. Recent years have seen a growing interest in less invasive techniques for performing the classic surgical treatment for drop attacks in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, that is, corpus callosotomy.

OBSERVATIONS

A 5-year-old boy with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome presented for surgical evaluation. He experienced up to 20 daily tonic seizures despite multiple antiseizure medications. Preoperative imaging revealed highly abnormal anatomy with severe ventriculomegaly and thinning of the cortex and corpus callosum. Open microsurgery or an interhemispheric bimanual endoscopic approach to corpus callosotomy posed a risk for ventricular collapse and subdural hematoma, and the corpus callosum was too thin for laser ablation. A fully endoscopic transventricular “inside-out” complete corpus callosotomy was performed through a 7-mm burr hole via a single working channel without intraoperative complications. The patient continues to experience daily seizures but with a reduced frequency and intensity and a family-reported increased quality of life.

LESSONS

In cases of drug-resistant tonic and atonic seizures associated with ventriculomegaly, a fully endoscopic transventricular complete corpus callosotomy can be performed safely, potentially limiting the risk of ventricular collapse and subdural bleeding.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24160
Neurovisceral interactions in individual and phylogenetic development
Authors: Bakhchina A. V. , Sozinova I. S. , Alexandrov Yu. I.
Published: August 2024

The article provides a review of experimental studies exploring the nature of neurovisceral interactions through the analysis of heart rate variability at different stages of individual development and within different species. Analysis of heart rate variability is one of the most common and accessible experimental methods to observe aspects of neurovisceral (for example, neurocardiac) interactions. Nonstationary, nonlinear components in the dynamics of inter-beat intervals (periods between adjacent heart beats) reflect the processes of coordination of heart activity with changes in the organization of neural activity, ensuring the current relationship of the individual with the environment. Mathematically, these aspects of heart rate dynamics are expressed in estimates of the complexity, irregularity, entropy, and unpredictability of the time sequence of inter-beat intervals. The dynamics of neurocardiac interactions described in this way are not the same in different species and become more complex in phylogeny. Similarly, in individual development, the dynamics of the heart rate becomes more complex and reflects, among other things, the degree of maturation of certain nervous structures at different stages of ontogenesis. We examined the features of the dynamics of neurovisceral interactions in individual and phylogenetic development within the framework of the system-evolution theory and interpreted them in connection with changes in the structure of individual experience – the characteristics of a set of functional systems actualized in behavior (increasing differentiation of the relationship between the individual and the environment).
Dynamics of EEG synchronization and desynchronization when performing real and imagined hand reaching
Authors: Kurgansky M. E. , Isaev M. R. , Bobrov P. D.
Published: August 2024

The work investigates spatial and temporal EEG patterns during real and imagined execution of hand reaching. Six independent sources of electrical activity were identified in the EEG recordings. The sources corresponded to the premotor areas, supplementary motor area, primary motor areas, and posterior parietal cortex. Their activation patterns in the alpha and beta range were studied using a continuous wavelet transform. The main differences between real and imagined movement are found in the activation of primary motor and premotor areas. Asymmetry in activation of primary motor areas was observed only during the imaginary movements. Desynchronization in premotor areas of both the alpha and beta ranges, suggesting their activation, accompanied the imaginary movements throughout their course. On the other hand, hypersynchronization was observed in premotor areas during real movement, which likely corresponds to inhibition, while desynchronization was observed in the latent period, 1.5 seconds before the start of movement. Thus, an imaginary movement bears the features of planning a real movement.
Retention of verbal and nonverbal information in the working memory. An analysis of functional and effective connectivity
Authors: Kurgansky А. V. , Korneev A. A. , Lomakin D. I. , Machinskaya R. I.
Published: August 2024

In this work we estimated differences in the structure of brain systems that ensure encoding and retention in working memory (WM) of two types of information: verbal (letters) and non-verbal (segments of an open broken line) sequences presented either statically or dynamically. Brain systems were characterized by the strength of functional and effective connections between eight approximately bilaterally symmetrical cortical loci, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and regions of the temporal (STG), parietal (IPS), and occipital (v2) cortices.
Using an 8-channel vector autoregressive model in the space of cortical EEG sources, it was shown in a group of subjects in whom high-density EEG was recorded that: (1) the brain organization of the WM when holding a sequence of letters differs from that when holding a sequence of broken line segments; (2) the brain organization of the WM depends on the mode of presentation of sequences: the strength of the functional connection is different during dynamic and static presentation of the sequence; (3) differences in the structure of functional and effective connections are not of a pronounced frequency-selective nature and are observed in all studied EEG frequency ranges from theta (4–8 Hz) to high-frequency gamma (50–60 Hz); (4) the most reliable differences between the task of retaining a sequence of letters and the task of retaining a sequence of broken line segments are observed in the alpha and beta frequency ranges during static visual presentation of sequences in the strength of functional connectivity measured using coherence between the left hemisphere dlPFC and the right hemisphere STG, as well as in theta range between the right hemisphere dlPFC and the left visual cortex v2; (5) the most reliable difference between static and dynamic presentation modes is observed in the task of holding broken line segments in the gamma frequency range (50–60 Hz) between the dlPFC in the right hemisphere and the left visual cortex v2.
The Activity of the Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus and the Error Detection Brain Mechanism During Deception Under Conditions of Different Monetary Benefit
Authors: Korotkov A. D. , Zheltyakova M. A. , Masharipov R. S. , Didour М. D. , Cherednichenko D. V. , Kireev М. V.
Published: August 2024

This research is aimed at investigating the characteristics of activity of brain areas that underlie action execution and are modulated by the error detection mechanism under conditions of various potential monetary benefits of manipulative truthful and false actions. It is shown that the implementation of potentially less profitable deceptive actions is associated with a relatively higher level of functional activity of the inferior frontal gyrus, a structure that receives information from structures associated with the error detection mechanism. This effect was revealed in experimental conditions with less reinforced deceptive actions, both in comparison with relatively more rewarded deception, and with manipulative truthful actions, regardless of their reward. Moreover, the increase in the profit of deceptive actions is accompanied by the disappearance of a statistically significant difference in the activity of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, which has been observed in the comparison of equally low profitable truthful and false actions. These results indicate a possible mechanism of expected monetary benefit influence on the manipulative decision to lie, according to which, the prefrontal structures underlying control of behavior show less susceptibility to the involvement of the error detection mechanism in maintaining deceptive actions.
Soviet museum ethnography at the VII International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnographic Sciences: restoration and conservation of disciplinary heritage under the “gaze” of the West
Authors: Petriashin Stanislav S.
Published: August 2024

(1964) is considered in the article as a discussion space within which ethnographers and museum workers presented and debated different views on the past and present of their discipline. Archival materials are explored through the concepts of restoration and conservation – rhetorical strategies that involve different forms of interpretation of disciplinary heritage and projects for action. Projects for the “revival” of the Museum of the Peoples of the USSR in Moscow and “Materials on Ethnography’s” edition in Leningrad mostly referred to the ethnography of the 1920s, which was suppressed and criticized during the transition to Marxist methodology in the 1930s. The restoration strategy led to the recognition of the unspoken lag behind Western anthropology and museum affairs. The reconstruction of fragments of the past was proposed as a solution to the problem. The conservation strategy, on the contrary, saw Soviet museum ethnography as ahead of foreign ones. The legacy of the “marxization” of the 1930s, according to this rhetoric, was the key to victories in the past and present, and its criticism and rejection deprived Soviet ethnography of its advantages. Museum practices of research and representation of the culture and life of collective farmers and workers, and the active use of mannequins and life-size dioramas to show social relations were recognized as such a positive legacy.
How Moscow did not become a world center of marxist anthropology: historian L.V. Danilova, theoretical discussions of the 1960s, and international contacts of soviet scholars
Authors: Alymov Sergei S.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes theoretical and methodological discussions in Russian ethnography and historiography of the 1960s. The focus is on the fate of the historian L.V. Danilova and the collection, edited by her, “Problems of the History of Pre-Capitalist Societies” (1968), one of the brightest achievements of the non-dogmatic Marxism of the thaw era. On the basis of new archival materials, it reconstructs the project of the multi-volume publication “Laws of History and Specific Forms of the World Historical Process”, traces the roots of the “new direction” in ethnography, and offers a new reading of the activity of the history methodology sector of the Institute of History. International team of the would-be authors of this project could have made it a notable phenomenon in world Marxist thought. The author concludes that this did not happen because of the opposition of the conservative academic establishment.
Reciprocity and patron-clientelism as forms of an institution of mutual assistance network in villages of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Sagdieva Elvina А.
Published: August 2024

The sustainability of the rural world of the Republic of Tatarstan today largely depends on the development and functioning of the institution of network mutual assistance. I attempt to study the situation, making use of network theories in sociology as well as concepts of reciprocal and patron-client relationships as key aspects in the reproduction of mutual assistance networks. Drawing on field interviews collected in various villages of Tatarstan, I examine the actors and practices of mutual assistance in reciprocal and patron-client rural relationships and argue for the necessity of further support and development of mutual assistance networks in rural areas as a way of securing collective mutual insurance in an unstable economic situation.
A Comprehensive Guide to Corpus Linguistics: A Book Review of Corpora in Applied Linguistics
Authors: ASTRI Zul , NONI Nurdin , HALIM Abd , NOER Fhadli
Published: August 2024

Corpora have emerged as a transformative tool in the field of linguistics, providing researchers with a robust, data-driven approach to understanding language use. By compiling large collections of texts-ranging from written documents to transcriptions of spoken language-corpus linguistics enables the analysis of authentic language in its natural context. Corpora in applied linguistics have revolutionized the study of language by providing a data-driven approach to understanding linguistic phenomena. By analyzing large collections of naturally occurring texts, researchers can uncover patterns, frequencies, and contextual usages that are not easily identifiable through traditional methods. This approach has not only enhanced the theoretical foundations of linguistics but has also offered practical applications in fields such as language teaching, discourse analysis, and translation studies. As highlighted by Hunston (2002), McEnery and Hardie (2011), and Biber, Conrad, and Reppen (1998), the integration of corpus methodologies into linguistic research has not only deepened theoretical insights but also provided practical tools for educators and researchers alike. Susan Hunston's "Corpora in Applied Linguistics," now in its second edition, serves as a comprehensive guide to these methodologies, reflecting the advancements in the field over the past two decades. This review aims to provide an in-depth evaluation of Hunston's work, highlighting its significance, distinct features, and contributions to the field of applied linguistics.
The Photovoice Project: Fostering Students' Autonomous, Collaborative, and Authentic Business/Engineering English Learning Experiences
Authors: NUR Syauqiyah Awaliyah Alfiani , PRIYA S. Sabitha Shunmuga , ARDININGTYAS Sri Yulianti
Published: August 2024

This perspective article elaborates an instructional approach to business English learning utilizing a photovoice project as a strategy to promote a real-world learning encounter. In professional and vocational colleges, project-based learning (PBL) is an instructional strategy for promoting autonomous, collaborative, and authentic learning nuances. This article sheds light on how photovoice project fosters the students’ technical and business English learning experiences. The project empowers students to take charge of their learning, work collaboratively, and engage in real-world business context. This paper presents the concept of photovoice, learners’ autonomy and collaboration towards photovoice, authentic business English learning encounters, technology-integrated photovoice, project evaluation, and case studies on photovoice project. On top of that, language teachers can utilize project-based photovoice as a valuable tool for promoting innovative and engaging business English learning activities, thus providing students with contextual-based learning environment and preparing them for the real business world. It also brings several implications: 1) for vocational English teachers, implementing photovoice projects offers a powerful tool to create innovative and engaging learning activities, 2) for students, these projects provide a contextualized learning environment that prepares them for the real business world by developing practical language skills and industry-specific knowledge, and institutions will benefit by fostering an educational approach that bridges classroom learning with real-world applications, thereby enhancing the overall quality and relevance of their programs.
Exploring Perception in Philosophy and Modern Art: Introduction to Spatial Perception from Merleau-Ponty's Perspective
Authors: Olfat Milad
Published: August 2024

The innovation of Merleau-Ponty is considering the body as existence or ontology. He admitted that a mechanical psychologist could not explain our experience of the body. Thought and body are inseparable. Also, uncertainty, or as Merleau-Ponty says, bouncing, is a feature of true philosophy. Merleau-Ponty knew that he was living in a period in which two forms of absolutism overshadowed everything: absolute Christianity and absolute Marxism. He introduced perception to establish a connection between consciousness and objectivity, from the contrasting perspectives of Empiricism and Rationalism. Merleau-Ponty follows Cezanne in rejecting dualism and its transformation into sight and action, emphasizing the integration of the soul and body. The soul is not separate from the body, and sight is related to thoughts; therefore, beliefs are rooted in a person's existence. Another innovation of Merleau-Ponty is the presentation of the role of the body in emotional perception. Merleau-Ponty opposes any idea that seeks to separate the soul from the body; he believes in a unified subject or Gestalt, rather than an isolated emotion or consciousness. Phenomenology, based on Merleau-Ponty's annotations, is a philosophical method. It aims to extract the hypotheses that humans make about themselves and their world, based on scientific and practical purposes, and to experience them in a perceptual world. Merleau-Ponty follows Hegel in believing that time rises in human beings. Although humans exist in the world, they live in a continuum of time, moving towards the future while reflecting on their past experiences and possessions. The nature of this research is explanatory; moreover, given the holistic subject, the primary approach is operative.
Stakeholders' Perceptions of Hospital-Based Early Childhood Parenting Education Services: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Bhamani Shelina , Shafique Fatima , Shams Misbah , Sheikh Sara , Malik Hajra , Karim Zaibunissa , Sheikh Lumaan
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Postnatal parental education is deficient yet necessary to enhance the implementation of evidence-based newborn care practices among families. Educating both mother and father is crucial for optimal childhood development, and interventions targeting families can improve childcare practices. Implementing these interventions through systematic policies and protocols in LMIC hospitals is essential. This study explores the perceptions of pregnant women, parents, and healthcare workers regarding parenting education in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

METHODS: In a qualitative study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, participants included pregnant women, parents, and healthcare workers. The study used in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants, consisting of two individuals from each category. Interviews were conducted using a prepared guide, and data collection was performed by trained staff. Interviews were conducted until data saturation was achieved. The interviews were conducted in Urdu, transcribed, and translated into English. Thematic analysis was carried out manually.

RESULTS: The analysis of pregnant women's experiences identified themes of personal pregnancy experiences, support systems, and hospital facilities. Women discussed physical, emotional, and financial challenges during pregnancy. They valued support from family and physicians but expressed a need for better educational resources in hospitals. For parents with children under one-year-old, themes included personal experiences, hospital experiences, and educational resources. Parents faced emotional changes, financial challenges, and desired improved work-life balance. They appreciated outpatient care but found lacking in inpatient experiences, particularly in the NICU. Healthcare workers emphasized the role of parents, families, and hospitals, highlighting the importance of teaching and understanding family dynamics. Also suggested improvement in holistic approaches, mandatory educational programs, and integrating parenting readiness into primary care.

CONCLUSION: Hospital-based postpartum parenting education enhance overall baby care. Expanding literature emphasizes the importance of high-quality parenting for lifelong development. Identifying efficient programs and resources to enhance parental abilities and foster positive child growth is increasingly important.
Improving Maternal Nutrition Through Food Security in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Abid , Farah Naveed , Ahmad Izhar , Bano Sumaira
Published: August 2024

Malnutrition casts a significant shadow over Pakistan's future, prosperity, and the well-being of its people. Compared to other developing nations, Pakistan stands out with one of the highest rates of malnutrition, affecting both children and women. Malnutrition in Pakistan is primarily due to food insecurity, compounded by low dietary intake among women, particularly pregnant and lactating women. This low dietary intake is linked to food insecurity, poor livelihood, and cultural barriers. Global guidelines emphasize the importance of meeting women's nutritional requirements through promoting a balanced and nourishing diet. The government of Pakistan, in collaboration with national and international organizations and funding agencies, has initiated various measures to alleviate prevalent nutritional concerns. Collaborative actions have been implemented to run various programs and interventions aimed at improving nutrition among children and women. Many effective approaches have been included in the Nutrition Strategy 2022-27. The Enough Food Model is one such tested approach designed to enhance food security and improve nutrition and livelihood by making families resilient. This model is being applied by national organizations in low-indexed areas with financial support from international organizations on a pilot basis and has achieved remarkable results. Like many other tested multi-sectoral nutrition approaches, the self-sufficiency or Enough Food Model is poised to be an effective approach for broader replication.
Maternal Malnutrition and Its Associated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Childbirth in Dadu District, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Fazal Shahid , Shahid Yozan , Nadhman Akhtar , Amjad Nosheen , Naeem Muhammad , Khan Sami , Shahid Nayab , Khushik Abdullah , Ali Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Background: Maternal malnutrition poses serious risks to both mother and child, contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as anemia, pre-eclampsia, and low birth weight. Addressing maternal malnutrition is essential for promoting healthy pregnancies and favorable birth outcomes.
Methodology: The study involved 660 third-trimester pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital in Dadu district, Sindh, Pakistan. The aim was to identify the association patterns of maternal nutrition on birth outcomes to inform future programming. Data were collected using a mixed-methods approach with a snowballing technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using R-Studio and Canvas software to analyze associations and differences related to maternal nutrition.
Results: The majority of rural participants (84%) intended to deliver at DHQ Dadu, with 81% facing inconsistent family income sources, impacting food security and healthcare access. Maternal education positively correlated with healthcare service utilization, while maternal counseling had a weaker influence. Early pregnancies were prevalent, with 29% of women reporting their first pregnancy before age 20 and 6.7% before age 16. Iron and folic acid utilization was suboptimal (20.4%), and access to healthcare was hindered by distance, cost, and inconsistent coverage, particularly in rural areas. Maternal malnutrition was a significant concern, with 15.4% identified as acutely malnourished.
Conclusion: The study highlights significant challenges, including socioeconomic disparities, early pregnancies, inadequate healthcare access, and poor maternal nutrition status. Targeted interventions such as improving healthcare infrastructure, enhancing maternal education, promoting early prenatal care, strengthening community-based nutrition programs, and leveraging social safety net programs can help mitigate adverse birth outcomes.
PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN MODEL TEORI PIRIE DAN KIEREN
Authors: Syafri Fatrima Santri , Isran Dodi
Published: August 2024

Pembelajaran matematika dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai landasan teori pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkandalam kegiatan pembelajaran matematika. Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti dalam halpenggunaan teori dalam mengajar matematika. Teori pembelajaran matematika yang cukup terkenal dan seringdigunakan dalam hal penelitian dalam bidang pembelajaran matematika diantaranya adalah Teori APOS dariEd Dubinsky, teori Van Hiele, teori Brune, teori Piaget, Model teori Pirie Dan Kieren, masih banyak lagiteori-teori belajar yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Pemahaman matematika sangat perludiketahui oleh seorang pengajar agar mampu menerapkan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tingkatanpemahaman matematika. Pentingnya pemahaman matematika yang seperti dijelaskan tersebut, dijelaskan padateori belajar tentang perkembangan pemahaman matematika yaitu Model teori Pirie Dan Kieren. Levelperkembangan pemahaman matematika tersebut antara lain adalah primitive knowing(Pk), image making(Im),image having(Ih), property noticing(Pn), formalising (F), observing(O), structuring(S), dan inventising(Iv).
HUBUNGAN ANTARA GAYA BELAJAR DAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA DIII KEBIDANAN
Authors: Mindarsih Eko , Syafitri Tria
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gaya belajar dengan hasil belajar pada mahasiswa DIII Kebidanan di Universitas Respati Yogyakarta.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif Corelasional denganpendekatan ex-post facto.Populasi target penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa Program Studi di DIII Kebidanan Semester IV kelas A11 yang mendapatkan mata kuliah asuhan kebidanan 83 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan Probability Sampling sebanyak 54 orang.Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan melalui uji validitas.Analisis data menggunakan uji statisktik Chi-square.Hasil penelitian ini diantaranya 1)Gaya belajar kinestetik sebesar 22 orang (40,7%). 2) Hasil belajar kategori baik sebanyak 27 orang (50,0%). 3) Ada hubungan gaya belajar dengan hasil belajar yaitu 0,047 (p-value <0,05). 4) Keeratan hubungan gaya belajar dengan hasil belajar mata dalam kategori rendah (0,389). Kesimpulannya ada hubungan gaya belajar dengan hasil belajar mata kuliah Asuhan Kebidanan Kehamilan pada mahasiswa DIII Kebidanan semester IV di Universitas Respati Yogyakarta.
PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI MAHASISWA PADA KELAS YANG DIBERI AROMATERAPI DAN TIDAK DIBERI AROMATERAPI
Authors: Nurjannah Desi , Mudayen Y.M.V. , Wantini Nonik Ayu
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi mahasiswa diberi aromaterapi dan tidak diberi aromaterapi di kelas F13 Program Studi D-IV Bidan Pendidik Universitas Respati Yogyakarta.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy experiment dengan rancangan penelitian digunakan post-test only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi DIV Bidan Pendidik Angkatan 2015/2016 sebanyak 183 mahasiswa, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 84 mahasiswa. Instrumen yang digunakan tes Army Alpha. Analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah independent sampel t-test.Berdasarkan analisis univariat pada kelas tidak diberi aromaterapi menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki konsentrasi sedang (70,2), sedangkan data pada kelas yang diberi aromaterapi menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki konsentrasi sedang (78,4%). Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan nilai p value 0,042 < α 0,05.Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi mahasiswa diberi aromaterapi dan tidak diberi aromaterapi di kelas F13 Program Studi DIV Bidan Pendidik Universitas Respati Yogyakarta.