bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORIENTALISM IN HENRY KISSINGER’S FOREIGN POLICY DISCOURSE DURING THE 1973 ARAB-ISRAELI WAR
Authors: YANARIŞIK Oğuzhan , AKCA Sabit İbrahim
Published: December 2022

This article examines Henry Kissinger’s foreign policy discourse during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War through a Critical Discourse Analysis. The central theme of the article is whether Henry Kissinger had Orientalist conceptions as a decision maker in U.S. foreign policy during this event in 1973. In order to provide a theoretical framework, Critical Discourse Analysis and Edward Said’s definition of Orientalism are discussed in the first and second parts. In the last part, a Critical Discourse Analysis is utilized to uncover the ideas that Henry Kissinger, who was the main figure in the conduct of U.S. foreign policy during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, has not expressed openly. For this purpose, official historical documents such as policy documents, memorandum of conversations, transcripts of telephone calls, meeting minutes and anecdotes regarding U.S. foreign policy decisions in the relevant period are used. As the 1973 Arab-Israeli War emerged, derogatory terms, acts of dehumanization and miscalculations are found to exist with Henry Kissinger in the decision-making processes. Thus, it is concluded that Kissinger had indeed preconceived ideas that fit Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism.
KAPİTALİST KRİZLERİN FİNANSAL DÖNÜŞÜMÜ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ATALAY Kürşad
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, kapitalizmin krizlere içkin yapısının finansallaşma ile beraber geçirdiği dönüşümü ve finansal krizlerin arkasındaki işleyişi incelemektedir. Kapitalist iktisadi yapının koşullara göre değişim gösteren dinamik yapısı, tarihsel süreç içerisinde farklı aşamalarda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu dinamik yapının temel hareket noktası sermaye birikim sürecinin devam etmesidir. Sermayenin kaçtığı son alan ise finansallaşmadır. Finansallaşma, kapitalizmi yeni bir dönüşümün eşiğine getirirken aynı zamanda krizlerin biçimini de değiştirmektedir. Böylelikle krizler kendini finansal piyasalarda göstermekte, süresi ve etkisi de çok daha derin hissedilmektedir. Çalışmada, finansal krizlerin açıklanmasında Minskyen bir yaklaşım kullanılarak, istikrarın istikrarsızlık yaratmasının altındaki nedenler üzerinde durulmaktadır. Özellikle, krizlerin arkasındaki kapitalist eğilimler ve ideoloji-iktisat ilişkisi ön plana çıkarılmaktadır. Çalışmada bu bağlamda kalınarak; kapitalizmin krizleri ve finansallaşması, Glass-Steagall Yasası ve Minsky Anı incelenmektedir.
YÖNCÜLER’İN İKTİDAR STRATEJİSİ TAHAYYÜLÜ: YÖN DERGİSİ’NDE (1961-1967) NÂSIR’IN SOSYALİST İKTİDARI
Authors: BİLİCİ İlhan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Mısır lideri Cemal Abdünnâsır’ın benimsediği sosyalist iktidar stratejisinin Yön Dergisi’nde nasıl ele alındığını incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, bir aydın hareketi olarak 1960’lı yıllar Türk siyasal yaşamının öncü süreli yayınlarından ve sosyalist ideolojinin hâkim temsilcilerinden biri olan Yön Dergisi araştırmanın veri kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Yön’ün 222 sayıyı kapsayan yayın hayatı boyunca içerdiği imzalı ve imzasız tüm yazılar incelenmiştir. İnceleme gerçekleştirilirken çalışma, yöntembilimsel açıdan doküman incelemesine dayanmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular ise betimsel analiz yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme neticesinde, Yön’ün düşünce dünyasında post-kolonyal geçmişe sahip Nâsır liderliğindeki Mısır’ın bağımsızlık mücadelesinde benimsediği yol ve yöntemler bir iktidar stratejisi olarak Yöncüler tarafından olumlandığı tespit edilmiştir.
Kentsel Kıyı Alanlarında İklim Değişikliğinin Etkilerinin İncelenmesi: Kumbahçe Mahallesi (Bodrum) Örneği
Authors: PARTİGÖÇ Nur Sinem , ACER Ezgi
Published: December 2022

Doğal çevrenin, yapılı çevrede gerçekleştirilen ve insan kaynaklı faaliyetlerin sonucunda ortaya çıkan etkilerden önemli ölçüde etkilendiği açıktır. Öyle ki, Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı tarafından 2006 yılında yayınlanan istatistiklere göre, Türkiye’de aşırı iklim olayları sebebiyle gözlenen değişimleri enerji kullanımı %49 oranında etkilemektedir. Enerji kullanımının önemli bir kısmının gerçekleştiği kentsel alanların iklim değişikliği kaynaklı doğal ve beşeri afetler karşısında daha kırılgan olmasının hem akademik yazında hem de uygulama örneklerinde pek çok nedeni bulunmaktadır. Sıkça ifade edilen nedenler arasında plansız ve kontrolsüz kentleşme dinamikleri, yoğun sera gazı salınımı sebebiyle oluşan kentsel ısı adası etkisi, doğal alanların yapılaşma tehdidi ile karşı karşıya kalması, aşırı kaynak tüketimi, büyük ölçekli kentsel yatırımlar sonucu gözlenen çevresel tahribatlar ve artış eğiliminde olan nüfusun enerji ihtiyacının karşılanması adına yoğun fosil yakıt kullanımı yer almaktadır. Yaklaşık 20 yıllık bir zaman diliminde özellikle kıyı yerleşimlerinde gözlenen kentsel gelişim süreçlerinin bu nedenlerle direkt olarak ilişkilendirilebileceğini söylemek yanlış olmaz. Bu noktadan hareketle, bu çalışmada iklim değişikliğinin kıyı kentleri üzerindeki olası etkilerinin incelenmesi ve iklim değişikliğine uyumlu strateji ve politikaların üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, çalışma alanı olarak Muğla İli Bodrum İlçesi Kumbahçe Mahallesi seçilmiştir. Farklı kurum ve kaynaklardan temin edilen sayısal veriler kullanılarak çalışma alanına yönelik topoğrafik yapı, iklimsel ve meteorolojik özellikler ve yapılı çevrenin önemli bileşenlere ilişkin mekânsal analizler yapılmış, tematik haritalar ve sentez çalışmaları üretilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında denilebilir ki, afetler karşısında dirençliliği azalan kıyı kentleri için öngörülebilir senaryoların ivedilikle değerlendirilmesi ve iklim değişikliğine uyumlu ve yerel düzeyden başlayan strateji ve politikaların üretilmesi önceliklendirilmesi gereken konular arasında yer almaktadır.
IATROGENIAS RELACIONADAS À ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors:   LITERACIA CIENTÍFICA EDITORA & CURSOS, Aquino Débora Alanna Araújo de , Matias Thais Emanuelle da Silva
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVO: Identificar na literatura as iatrogenias relacionadas à assistência de enfermagem em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram utilizados os descritores: assistência de enfermagem, unidade de terapia intensiva e iatrogenia. Encontrados no Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), BDENF e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Os erros mais frequentes encontrados nos estudos analisados foram: cuidado com as mudanças de decúbito geradores de lesão por pressão (LPP), cuidados de saúde por cateteres urinários, falha do equipamento, uso inapropriado do equipamento e falha da equipe. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Conclui-se que o estudo respondeu a problemática inicial, a qual buscou evidenciar as iatrogenias mais frequentes no cotidiano da assistência de enfermagem no âmbito da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Espera-se que o trabalho possa vir a servir como contribuição para os profissionais de saúde em geral, visando reduzir a incidência de iatrogenias e promover uma assistência mais segura para com os usuários dos serviços de saúde.
PLSR and MIMIC-PLS Model Approach to Determinants of Capital Structure Choices and Comparative Analysis
Authors: YILMAZ Seda Başar , ÇELİK H.eray
Published: December 2022

In this study, the determinants of capital structure choices, which are very important for companies. For this reason, the data of 167 companies traded in ISE and BIST between 2008 and 2017 were collected. 11 variables as 8 indicators, and 3 causes, which are thought to have an impact on the capital structure, were determined. In the study, 2 analyses were made and the results were compared. In the first analysis, 3 models were established by changing the dependent variable and analysed with the Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) method. Afterwards, the MIMIC Model, which can provide simultaneous solution to these 3 models, is again analysed with Partial Least Squares (PLS). A Comparison of the results of the two analyses is given. According to the results of the analysis, it has been seen that the most effective indicator variables on the capital structure in all models are profitability and liquidity. Among the reason variables, which are thought to represent the capital structure best in the model, total debt is the variable that best represents the capital structure, which is included as a latent variable. Again, according to the MIMIC model result, it has been seen that the effective theory for the companies traded in the BIST in Turkey is the trade-off theory. Finally, when the PLSR and MIMIC models are compared, it can be said that the MIMIC model is more preferable in terms of both examining the relationships in more detail and the compatibility of the results with the theories.
The Effect of Divorce on Women's Employment: An Application for Turkey with Regional Data
Authors: EROĞLU SEVİNÇ Demet
Published: December 2022

The issue of employability is an important macroeconomic matter for today's economies. Especially, some policies aimed at increasing women's employment are being applied by many countries and various policy instruments are trying to eliminate the factors affecting women's employment. In this study investigated on women's employment is the effect and importance of divorce, which is expressed as one of the important socio-economic and cultural factors affecting women labor force participation. For this purpose, the relationships between divorce rates and female labor force participation rates were analyzed for Turkey within the content of 26 sub-regions. The findings of the study based on panel data analysis covering the period 2008-2021 presented the existence of positive and significant relationships between divorce rates and female labor force participation rates. This situation supports many studies in the literature between increasing divorce rates and women's employment. Its besides proves that the changes in the traditional social structure also support divorces and that increasing divorces force women to take more place in the labor market.
Pre-Processing Techniques for Movie Review Sentiment Analysis: A Comparative Study for Best Feature Set Determination
Authors: ALY Sohayla
Published: December 2022

Sentiment analysis is considered the process to extract the overall expression, opinions, or feelings from reviews about something such as products, services, or movies. Pre-processing is considered a crucial phase in sentiment analysis for text mining because it allows us to analyze the reviews according to their intended meaning by removing all of the appendages which are the words that do not affect the semantics of sentences. And therefore, the number of features will decrease and thus accuracy will increase. Accordingly, we have decided to evaluate our experiment in identifying the best influencing technique of pre-processing for several features by making a comparison between the features and by combining them together to reach the best result based on the feature number for each pre-processing technique and classification accuracy. this comparison was done by using three algorithms for classification SVM, NB, and DT after applying tools for feature selection and feature extraction with three techniques for tokenization. We concluded that there are some of these techniques that have a negative effect like lemmatization and the part of them is not due to any difference, other, which a little part, have an effect
Pengaruh Umur Listing Perusahaan dan Corporate Governance terhadap ketepatan waktu Corporate Internet Reporting pada perusahaan industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018-2020
Authors: Pulukadang Lovely Joharmansyah , Lonto Miryam P , Purba Pebisitona Mesajaya
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur listing dan corporate governance terhadap ketepatan waktu corporate internet reporting pada perusahaan industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2018-2020. Elemen corporate governance yang digunakan untuk diuji adalah struktur kepemilikan publik dan ukuran dewan komisaris.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Alat bantu analisis digunakan adalah Eviews 9 dengan model regresi data panel. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode purposive sampling.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa variabel umur listing dan struktur kepemilikan publik memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap ketepatan waktu corporate internet reporting. Ukuran dewan komisaris tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap ketepatan waktu corporate internet reporting.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal Dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen Pada Perusahaan Sektor Aneka Industri Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2020
Authors: Manarisip Yuwinda , Sumual Tinneke , Kumajas Lydia
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui pengaruh struktur modal dan pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap kebijakan dividen. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diambil melalui website resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia (www.idx.co.id) dan menggunakan metode asosiatif yang bersifat kuantitatif. sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 16 perusahaan sektor aneka industry yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 6 tahun, yaitu dari tahun 2015-2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan Random Effect Model (REM) sebagai model yang terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Struktur Modal (DER) berpengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen (DPR) hasil penelitian ini didukung oleh teori keagenan. Pertumbuhan perusahaan (Aset/Growth) berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen (DPR) hasil penelitian ini didukung oleh signalling Theory.
 
The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the effect of capital structure and company growth on dividend policy. The data used in this study is secondary data taken through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (www.idx.co.id) and using quantitative associative methods. The sample in this study consisted of 16 companies in the various industrial sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 6 years. The analytical method used in this study uses panel data regression analysis with the Random Effect Model (REM) as the chosen model. The results show that capital structure (DER) has a negative and significant effect on Dividend Policy (DPR). The results of this study are supported by agency theory. Company growth (Assets/Growth) has a positive and insignificant effect on dividend policy (DPR). The results of this study are supported by signaling theory.
Peran Kepuasan Pelanggan Sebagai Mediator Kualitas Layanan dan Niat Beli Kembali Pada Ojek Online di Indonesia
Authors: Sudarto Sudarto
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kualitas layanan ojek online terhadap kepuasan konsumen, kualitas layanan terhadap niat membeli kembali dan kepuasan konsumen sebagai pemediasi terhadap minat pembelian ulang konsumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kota Tarakan pada tahun 2021 dengan populasi yang digunakan yaitu pernah melakukan jasa menggunakan ojek online, sampel penelitian berjumlah 110 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survey online dan menggunakan skala likert mulai skala 1-5. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah path analysis (analisis jalur). Hasil penelitian kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen, kualitas layanan secara langsung berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap minat pembelian ulang dan kepuasan pelanggan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap minat pembelian ulang
The goal of this study is to see how consumer satisfaction, service quality, and consumer satisfaction as a mediating of consumer repurchase interest are influenced by online motorcycle taxi service quality. This study was conducted in Tarakan in 2021 with a population of 110 people who had used online motorbike taxis. Data was gathered through an online survey with a Likert scale of 1 to 5. Path analysis was employed as an analytical tool in this investigation (path analysis). The findings of the study show that service quality has a large positive impact on customer satisfaction, that service quality has a direct impact on repurchase interest, and that customer satisfaction has a considerable positive impact on repurchase interest
COVID-19 Related Stress and Teaching in Distance Learning: Exploring its Relationship among Faculty Members in State University in Quezon Province
Authors: Miano Leomar , Javier Sheena Kryzel M , Brosas Jerald Victor C.
Published: December 2022

This research determined the level of work-related stress and quality of teaching among 161 selected faculty members at State University in Quezon Province in the distance learning environment. It described the faculty member’s demographic profile and established conclusions about the relationship between work-related stress and quality of teaching. Also, it determined the significant difference in work-related stress and quality of teaching when grouped according to the profile of respondents. The study used a correlational research design in which quantitative data was collected using survey questionnaires. This study used various statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance, T-test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient to analyze the data. The study revealed that selected faculty members had a high perceived work-related stress in terms of job demand and job control and a moderate perceived work-related stress in terms of social support. On the other hand, faculty members' teaching quality was rated as satisfactory. Age, civil status, campus, and years of teaching experience were found to be significant to faculty members’ level of work-related stress and quality of teaching. This research revealed a low positive correlation between work-related stress and quality of teaching, which suggests that when a faculty member's work-related stress is high, the faculty member’s teaching quality is likely to be high, but in a weak or unreliable manner.
Autoritarismo, cerceamento da liberdade e tortura em Os homens dos pés redondos, de Antônio Torres
Authors: Pinheiro Chaves Vania
Published: December 2022

This article aims to demonstrate that in Os homens dos pés redondos Antônio Torres used innovative aesthetic strategies to build a biting and daring portrait of the dictatorship of António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal. The novel represents an avant-garde fictional work which offers an implicit denunciation of the dictatorship installed in Brazil with the 1964 military coup. Renewing the tradition of national engaged literature, it describes the authoritarianism, censorship and violence of the dictatorial regimes in both countries.
O coruja de Aluísio de Azevedo: um romance singular
Authors: Mérien Jean-Yves
Published: December 2022

Within Aluísio Azevedo’s literary production, O coruja (The Owl) occupies a distinctive place. This is not a work corresponding to the consecrated features of serial novel genre. First published in the footnotes of the newspaper O Paiz in Rio de Janeiro, between June and October 1885, O coruja caught the readers' attention through its protagonist and his tragic destiny’s exceptional character. In it lies an implicit and fierce criticism of the negligence by the authorities of the time with regard to the Brazilian people’s education at the end of the Second Empire. With a published volume in 1887, this novel remained little known, having never reached the popularity of works such as O mulato (The Mulatto) or O cortiço (The Slum). This article seeks to shed light on the novel’s importance for the debate over the necessary educational reform in Brazil, a topic that raised a great stir between 1883-1884. It is a heated denunciation of a system that favoured (and still favours in the 21st century) a small minority, which is represented in the novel by the antithetical figure of Teobaldo: a corrupt and opportunist, the perfect paradigm of the Brazilian ruling class.
Effect of Fresh Vinasse Application on Soil Chemical Characteristics
Authors: Yuliatun Simping , Akbar Firmansyah Bagus Ilham
Published: December 2022

The application of fresh vinasse waste is still controvertion. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the doses of vinasse given on land on chemical characteristics for soil quality. It was conducted in a randomized block design with 4 doses of vinasse in 3 replications. There were 4 kinds of vinasse doses, namely 75,000, 150,000, 225,000 and 300,000 litres/ha. The control was the administration of 0 litre of vinasse, in which sampling was carried out at the beginning before the land was sprayed  vinasse. Statistical design for analysis  of chemical data including the element of  phosphorous, potassium, nitrogen, C/N ratio,  humic substances, pH, organic matter, and  cation exchange capacity (CEC) were analyzed by One-way ANOVA. The average value of the treatment was tested with a least significant difference test (LSD) with a control comparison. The results showed that the dose of vinasse sprayed to land between 75,000 to 300,000 liters/ha had a significant effect on the increasing in nitrogen content, C/N ratio, phosphorus, potassium, cation exchange capacity and humic substances when compared to the control. Meanwhile, the soil pH conditions between control and treatments with vinasse dose were not significantly different. Sprayed of vinasse to the land up to a dose of 300,000 litres/ha showed a positive effect on soil quality and soil fertility.
Sample Size Estimation of Nonparametric Tests with Ordered Alternatives for Longitudinal Data in Randomized Complete Block Designs
Authors: BAHÇECİTAPAR Melike , AKDUR Hatice Tül Kübra
Published: December 2022

Longitudinal studies involve repeated measurements from the same subjects or blocks over short or an extended periods of time. In longitudinal studies, usually the most important step is to decide how many experimental units to use. There are no closed form equations for determining sample size in many complex designs. Monte Carlo simulation method is an effective tool in complex designs to estimate power or sample size. This paper introduces estimating sample size for the number of blocks or experimental units based on a fixed number of treatment/time in randomized complete block designs with correlated longitudinal responses analyzed by nonparametric tests against ordered alternatives. The sample size of subjects is estimated for each test statistics by taking into account the autocorrelation structure of the error terms which form either a stationary first-order moving average or autoregressive with non-normally distributed white noise terms. An extensive sample size/power comparison among the recently proposed Modification of S test and the other two well-known nonparametric tests such as the Page test and the generalized Jonckheere test against ordered alternatives in randomized complete block designs is carried out under stationary first-order autoregressive and moving average error structures with white noise terms distributed with either Laplace or Weibull distributions. Simulation study indicates that the distribution of white noise and the error structure have an important role on sample size estimation for each nonparametric test. The Modification of S test requires large sample size in contrast to other tests for longitudinal data in the specified simulation setting.
Machine Learning Techniques for the Classification of IoT-Enabled Smart Irrigation Data for Agricultural Purposes
Authors: IORLİAM Aamo , BUM Sylvester , AONDOAKAA Iember S. , IORLIAM Iveren Blessing , SHEHU Yahaya
Published: December 2022

To support farming year-round, a variety of smart IoT irrigation devices have recently been developed. It is crucial to forecast the soil moisture of agricultural farms so as to produce high yields since the high yields depends on the efficiency of water supply on farmlands. In smart irrigation, anytime water is needed on the farms, the smart pumps switch on to pump the required water so as to prevent the crops from drying up. The smart pumps also shut down if the farms have the ideal level of soil moisture, preventing over-flooding of the fields. Data is generated when the smart pumps are ON or OFF at any given time. Therefore, it is crucial to classify the data produced by smart IoT-enabled irrigation devices when these devices are ON or OFF. In this paper, the soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and time are used as inputs into machine learning techniques for classification. These machine learning techniques include logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and convolutional neural network. According to experimental findings, the accuracy of the logistic regression was 71.76%, that of the random forest was 99.98%, that of the support vector machine was 90.21%, and that of the convolutional neural network was 98.23. Based on the high accuracy that the random forest attained, it has more potential to help in assessing smart irrigation conditions (wet or dry) in an optimized manner.
Attenuation Effect of Sample Container in Radioactivity Measurement by Gamma-ray Spectroscopy
Authors: UYAR Esra
Published: December 2022

The measurement of radioactivity in environmental samples containing natural radionuclides such as 238U, 232Th, and 40K in gamma-ray spectrometry is the most common application. One of the most widely used sample containers for environmental radioactivity measurements is volumetric sample containers of certain sizes in cylindrical geometry. These cylindrical containers can be made of materials with different densities and thicknesses. In this intention, in this study, the effect of the sample container, which is one of the many parameters affecting the detector efficiency, was investigated. For this purpose, acrylic and polypropylene materials with of different densities were examined. IAEA RGU-1, IAEA-RGTh-1 and IAEA-RGK-1 standards containing uranium, thorium and potassium environmental radionuclides analyzed in gamma-ray spectrometric measurements were used as samples for these sample containers with different densities. Additionally, since the spectra in cylindrical geometry are taken by placing them on the detector endcap, the effect of the bottom thickness was investigated by changing the bottom thickness of these materials. Different material and bottom thickness evaluations were made using PHITS and GESPECOR Monte Carlo simulation programs. Compatible results were obtained with a difference of <5% between the PHITS and GESPECOR programs. From the outcome of this study, it can be concluded that when choosing the container material, the density should be as low as possible and especially the bottom thickness should be thin.
Prediction of Immediate Deflections for RC Beams Using Stress-varying Modulus of Elasticity
Authors: ÖZBEK Eray
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses the immediate deflection calculation of reinforced concrete beams and their consistency with the experimental results. For this purpose, a total of six T-beams with low, medium, and high reinforcement ratios were tested and then, deflection behavior was compared with the well-known Branson (1965) and Bischoff (2005) approaches. Although both approaches could yield close results for the low reinforcement at service loads by using a constant modulus of elasticity, they underestimated the deflections of medium and highly reinforced beams. Thus, the nonlinear behavior of concrete that changes with stress was also considered in the subsequent analyzes. As a result, the developed new approach could predict the experimental deformations very accurately, especially at the level of service loads.
Synthesis, Characterization, Optical and Thermal Properties of P(NVC-co-BZMA) Copolymer and Its ZnO Composites
Authors: BARIM Esra
Published: December 2022

Recent studies have paid particular attention to polymer-nanoparticle composite materials considering they have a number of interesting properties, which include optical, thermal, electrical, and others (Reyna-Gonzalez et al., 2009; Yakuphanoglu et al., 2010). In this study, a free radical polymerization process was used to create a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole (NVC) and benzyl methacrylate (BZMA) at 25–75 mol% each. The procedure was conducted at 70°C with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) acting as the initiator. Nano zinc oxide powders were then added to composites at three different ratios of 5%, 10%, and 15% weight of the copolymer. In order to better understand the structures of the P(NVC-co-BZMA) and its composites, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and UV spectroscopic techniques were also implemented. The optical characteristics of both the pure copolymer and its composites were examined. In the visible region, the composite containing 15% nano ZnO had the highest optical absorbance value. Additionally, the thermal behaviours of the composites and copolymers were analysed.
İhmal Edilen Önemli Bir Konu, “Kötü Haber Verme”: Hekimler Ne Biliyorlar?
Authors: Akbayram Hatice Tuba , Keten Hamit Sırrı , Nariçi Beytullah
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Hastanın yaşamını olumsuz etkileyen yeni tıbbi bilgilerin iletilmesi olarak tanımlanan kötü haber verme (KHV) hekimlerin bilmesi ve uygulaması gereken önemli ve zor bir iletişim becerisidir. Bu çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan asistan hekimlerin KHV ile ilgili bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı özellikteki bu çalışma, 01.03.2022-01.04.2022 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinde yapıldı ve veriler 35 sorudan oluşan online anket aracılığıyla toplandı. KHV iletişimi ile ilgili davranışlar asla, nadiren, bazen, çoğu zaman ve her zaman olarak 5’li likert tipi ölçek ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 117 hekimin yaş ortalaması 28,7±2,41 (min: 24-max: 38) olup, %52,1’i erkekti. Katılımcıların %47,9’u evli, %71,8’i dâhili tıp bilimlerinde çalışıyordu. Hekimlerin %64,1’inin son 6 ay içerisinde kötü haber verdiği belirlendi. Cerrahi bölümlerde çalışan hekimlerde KHV (%78,8), dâhili bölümlerde çalışanlara göre (%58,3) anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0.038). KHV ile ilgili eğitim almayanların oranı %85,5 ve KHV ile ilgili eğitim almak isteyenlerin oranı %76,9 olarak bulundu. KHV ile ilgili SPIKES ve BREAKS protokollerini duyanların oranı %5,1 idi. KHV’den önce hastadan izin almak, hastalığının prognozu ile ilgili hastaya net bilgi vermemek, kötü haberi yalnızca hasta yakınlarına iletmek sıklığı sırasıyla %31,6, %26,5 ve %23,1 olarak çoğu zaman/her zaman yapılan davranışlar olarak belirlendi. KHV iletişimi sırasında çoğu zaman/her zaman empati kurma dâhili bölümlerde çalışan hekimlerde (%70,2) cerrahi bölümlerde çalışan hekimlere göre (%45,5) anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (p=0.012).Sonuç: Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda, KHV ile ilgili hekimlerin büyük bir kısmının eğitim almadığı ve KHV iletişimi ile ilgili bazı davranışlarda yetersiz oldukları saptanmıştır. Tıp fakültesi eğitimi sırasında ve mezuniyet sonrasında dönemde KHV ile ilgili eğitimler verilerek tüm hekimlerin bu iletişim becerilerinin geliştirilmesi ve kötü haberlerin uygun bir şekilde iletilmesi sağlanmalıdır.
Examination of the Contribution of Data Learning Field to the General Objectives of the Mathematics Teaching Program
Authors: ERTEM Semra
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the contribution of the data learning area to the general objectives of the mathematics curriculum. The study was designed with case study, which is one of the qualitative research designs. A total of 160 students from 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th grades were asked the open-ended question in order to determine which of the general purposes of mathematics teaching in the data learning area in the mathematics curriculum. After the answers given by the students to this open-ended question were read and analyzed one by one, the contribution of the data learning field to the general aims of mathematics education was tried to be supported by student words. The relationships between the general objectives of the mathematics curriculum and the target behaviors of the data learning area were determined. As a result of the research, it was determined that there is a data learning area in each of the general objectives of primary school mathematics teaching. Although data learning area is an important basic learning area, it is seen that this learning area is not given enough importance in our country. The view that the objectives in the field of data learning leads students to (a) data collection: sourcing habit and knowledge generation, (b) data organization: identifying critical aspects and forming concepts, (c) presenting data: synthesizing and generalizing, (d) data analysis: comparing and problem solving emerges.
On Contact Pseudo-Slant Submanifolds in (LCS)n-Manifolds
Authors: DİRİK Süleyman , ÇELİK Ümit
Published: December 2022

In this study, we investigate the differential geometry of contact pseudo-slant submanifolds of a (LCS)n -manifold. The necessary and sufficient conditions for contact pseudo-slant submanifolds of a (LCS)n-manifold are given.
Comparative Study on Antioxidant Activity of Propolis of Apis mellifera from Different Regions of Nepal
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Gyawali Rajendra , Paudel Aparna ,   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Lamsal Babita ,   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Bhatta Pranisha ,   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Maharjan Albina ,   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Khaitu Nina ,   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, Shrestha Rajan ,   Department of Pharmacy, Herbal Research Laboratory, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
Published: December 2022

Propolis is a waxy material obtained from honey bee hives. The physical and chemical property of this product is variable based on the source of hive, plant biodiversity where honeybee feed, season of collection, geographical origin etc. Propolis has several useful chemical compounds, and among them polyphenols are mainly contributing for their broad spectrum of medicinal quality such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities as well as antioxidant properties. The present study aims to analyze the ethanolic extract of propolis for their phenol and flavonoid content as well as its antioxidant characteristics. The samples (SPLs) were collected from farmers of six different locations of Nepal i.e. Jhapa, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Banke and Chitwan districts. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured by Folin Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride method respectively expressed as the gallic acid (GAE) and quercetin (QE) and equivalent (GAE) per gram. The Diphenyl-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay method was used to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant effect of propolis was reported in ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity per gram of propolis. The highest content of phenolic and flavonoid content was found in sample SPL 2. The range of these compounds' concentrations were from 127.36±5.50 mg GAE/gram to 242.7±4.50 mg GAE/gram. Similarly, total flavonoid content ranged from 1.3197±0.0261 QE mg/ grams to 5.3921±0.0261 QE mg/ grams. Whereas samples from SPL 2, and SPL 5 showed highest antioxidant properties. All samples were found to have strong antioxidant capacity which was greater than standard. It is concluded that there is no direct correlation on total antioxidant property of propolis with their total phenolic and total flavonoid content among collected samples. The phenolic characteristics of the samples were variable to the geographical location, and plant diversity of their origin.
BİLGİ TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN GELİŞİMİYLE DİJİTAL PAZARLAMANIN DOĞUŞU
Authors: KAYA Erdi Çağrı , ÜNDİL Süleyman Hakan
Published: December 2022

Bilgi Teknolojileri Çağı’na girişle birlikte web2.0 teknolojilerinin kullanılması geleneksel iletişim modellerinde değişimlere yol açmış ve dünya genelinde tüm toplumlar internet ağları üzerinde bir araya gelmeye başlamıştır. Buna bağlı olarak yaşanan insani değişimler ticari faaliyetlere yansımış ve geleneksel pazarlama uygulamalarına ek olarak dijital pazarlama yöntemlerine olan ihtiyaç ortaya çıkmıştır. İşletmelerin bilgi teknolojilerini kullanabilme düzeyleri ticari faaliyetlerini şekillendirmekte ve dünya piyasalarında varlık göstermelerine katkı sağlamaktadır. İşletmeler, ürün ve hizmet elde edilme süreçlerinde girdi ve çıktı verimliliğini optimize etmek için bilgi teknolojilerini etkin kullanmak zorundadır. Bilgi Teknolojileri Çağı’nda işletmeler; inovasyonun yanı sıra üretim, pazarlama ve muhasebe departmanları ile organize olmalıdır. Araştırma, işletmelerin Bilgi Teknolojileri Çağ’ında ortaya çıkan değişimlere uyum sağlama zorunluluğu karşısında neler yapmaları gerektiği konusunu ele almaktadır. Pazarlamanın ortaya çıkışı ve tarihsel gelişimi açıklanırken günümüz teknolojilerinin işletmeler için önemine değinilmiştir. Makalenin amacı dijital pazarlama açısından kavramsal bir bakış açısı ile konuyu ele almak ve ülke ekonomileri için katalizör görevini yerine getiren işletmelere rehberlik edebilmektir.
İNOVASYON EKOSİSTEMLERİ VE BİYOTEKNOLOJİ ENDÜSTRİSİ: VAKA ANALİZİ ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: UCTU Ramazan
Published: December 2022

Biyoteknoloji girişimleri ne tür olursa olsun (devlet araştırma kurumu, kamu-özel şirketi veya özel bir işletme), gerek ilaçlarla ilgili ürünler geliştirmek için gerekse diğer biyoteknolojinin alt sektörlerinde (tarım, gıda ve çevresel gibi) gelişmeler için her türlü desteklenmeye ihtiyaçları vardır. Güney Afrikalı biyoteknoloji şirketleri için yeterli sermayenin elde edilmemesi ve fonun mevcudiyeti uzun yıllar suren ve kronik bir problemdir. Bu makalede vaka analizi metodu kullanılarak, gelişmekte olan ülkelerden biri olan Güney Afrika’da politika yapıcılara, sektörün kilit oyuncuları tarafından da kabul edildiği gibi, özellikle Covid-19 pandemisi sırasında biyoteknoloji firmaların desteklenmesinin ve finanse edilmesinin önemini daha iyi anlamak amaçlı bir çalışma yapılmıştır.

Genel olarak, biyoteknoloji firmaları girişimci (start-up) katılımcılarına göre daha olumlu bir yaklaşım içerisindedir. Bununla birlikte katılımcılar Güney Afrika biyoteknolojisinin diğer gelişmekte olan ülkelerin gerisinde kaldığına, ancak etkileştiricilerle önemli ölçüde büyüme potansiyeline sahip olduğuna inanmaktadırlar. Ayrıca Güney Afrika biyoteknoloji risk sermayesini, emekleme aşamasında, riskten kaçınan, yatırım gücünde muhafazakar olarak tanımlamışlardır. Buna ek olarak, Ar-Ge yatırım eksikliği, pandemiye müdahale süresi, Covid-19 araştırmaları için finansal koordinasyon, yetkililer arasında iletişim eksikliği ve tam kilitlenmeler nedeniyle faaliyet göstermeyen birkaç laboratuvarın hepsi sorun olarak kaydedilmiştir.
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW RICE STRAIN WITH IMPROVED SINK SIZE AND SOURCE CAPACITY USING A MULTI-PARENT ADVANCED GENERATION INTERCROSS (MAGIC) APPROACH
Authors: ABBASI M.F. , DIN A.U. , ABBASI F.M.
Published: December 2022

A new rice strain that grows six feet tall with four times higher potential yield than the conventionally bred variety, JP5, was developed using the MAGIC approach. This new rice type underwent analysis on sink size and source capacity traits, including superior and inferior spikelets, vascular bundles of panicle neck and stem internode, tillering pattern, grain filling pattern, yield, and other morphological attributes. Results indicated that the new strain had more vascular bundles of the stem (42) and panicle neck (35), primary rachis branches of panicle (16.1), superior spikelets, and greater grain weight than the conventionally bred variety, JP5. The panicle measured 45 cm long, with fertile grains of 500 per panicle and a stem diameter of 1.2 cm. During the grain filling duration, the spikelets of this strain and superior spikelets of JP5 gained maximum weight earlier than the inferior spikelets of JP5. Six feet tall plants of this new strain with long and heavy panicles had greater stem wall thickness. There occurred a positive and significant correlation (0.97) between yield and small vascular bundles of the panicle neck, lumen diameter (0.98), leaf length (0.99), leaf width (0.99), flag leaf length (0.99*), flag leaf width (0.97<), panicle length (0.97), fertile grains per panicle (0.98), and plant height (0.97*). The study noted that improving sink size, source capacity, and transportation of assimilation contributed positively toward yield. This novel strategy for grain yield enhancement in rice proved beneficial for other cereals to get significant breakthroughs in their production for ensuring food security.
SELECTION AND VALIDATION OF M4 SOYBEAN MUTANT LINES THROUGH MULTICHARACTERS APPROACH
Authors: LESTARI E.G. , YUNITA R. , ANSHORI M.F.
Published: December 2022

Mutation breeding is more effective than conventional breeding when the existing breeding material has a narrow genetic base and the scarcity of germplasm to specific desired characters. Assembling superior soybean cultivars through mutation breeding requires an effective selection method since the selection for productivity only proved less effective. Therefore, the selection base needs to be broad and use multi-characters. The latest study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the multi-characters approach in the selection and validation process of M4 soybean mutant lines. This study evaluated M4 and M5 mutant lines for various traits at the Citayam and Muara Experimental Garden, Bogor, Indonesia. The M4 and M5 mutant evaluations used an augmented design with 121 experimental units (172 lines and four check cultivars) and a randomized complete block design with 99 experimental units (29 lines and four check cultivars), respectively. Measured variables included the number of branches, filled pods, empty pods, and productive internodes, the weight of 100 seeds, and the seed weight per sampling plot. The result showed that the correlated multi-characters were effective for selection in the soybean mutant lines. The most effective secondary character resulted from the number of filled pods. Measuring the selection effectiveness continued up to the fifth generation (M5) to further validate the selected material. In total, nine mutant lines, i.e., A182-13, A179-1, A220-156, A196-57, A186-27, A190-38, A180-6, A195-50, and A188-32, attained selection with significant genetic potential for further study through the yield test.
GAMMA-RAYS AND MICROWAVES IRRADIATION INFLUENCE ON GUAR (CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA): II – PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS LINKED TO PLANT HEIGHT AND CRUDE PROTEINS
Authors: AZZAM C.R. , SULTAN F.M. , SAYED M.R.I. , KHALED K.A.M.
Published: December 2022

Guar is an economically significant forage crop and a multi-purpose plant. In Egypt, with a limited gene pool of guar, gamma ray (γ-rays) and microwave pre-treatment, individually or in association, were used to generate genetic variability and develop new high-yielding genotypes. Guar seeds of the variety Shandaweel-9 were irradiated with different γ-ray doses (i.e., 0, 150, 250, and 350 Gray “Gy”), either individually or along with the irradiation with 900 W microwave treatments applied for different exposure times (1, 2, 3, and 4 min), then grown at Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt in 2019, and 2020 summer seasons. The results indicated that gamma-ray doses of 150 and 250 Gy, stand-alone or with microwave treatments, significantly influenced guar plant height and crude protein in M1 and M2. Fragments with 925, 1427, and 2145 bp linked to plant height and crude protein were eluted from the gel, sequenced, and then registered on GenBank. The fragment linked to plant height received accession No. LC681484.1 and fragments linked to crude protein received accession No. of OK617330.1 and OK617331.1. The sequenced fragments underwent translation to protein, then proceeded to proteome analyses. Depending on the sequence analysis, the 925 bp fragment consisted of a 302 bp ORF (open reading frame) encoded with 302 amino acids. However, the fragment of 1427 bp has 433 ORF, and the fragment of 2145 bp has 705 ORF. The LC681484.1 might have a role in plant elongation. On the other hand, OK617330.1 and OK617331.1 might be responsible for cell wall protein organization.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLIED AMINO ACIDS ON GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.)
Authors: ALSHADIWI S.M.A. , ALRUBAIEE S.H.A.
Published: December 2022

The progressive study on oat (Avena sativa L.) transpired during the crop season of 2021–2022 at the Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq. The study aimed to determine the effects of amino acids foliar application on two oat cultivars. Experimenting with a randomized complete block design included a split-plot arrangement. Two oat cultivars (Shafa and Genzania) grown and placed in secondary plates received seven treatments of three different amino acids (Control – No amino acid, 50 and 100 mg L-1 of L-Tryptophan, 50 and 100 mg L-1 of L-Glycine, and 50 and 100 mg L-1 of L-Lysine). The results revealed that oat cultivars and amino acid treatments differed significantly for most of the studied traits. The amino acid foliar application treatment of LTryptophan at the rate of 50 mg L-1 showed significant superiority, which boosted and provided the highest rate of flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, crop growth rate, and green fodder yield. However, the cultivar Shafa exhibited superiority for flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, and the green and dry fodder yield, with increased values of 7.15 cm2, 8.11 µg cm-3, and 8.01% and 5.61% t ha-1, respectively.
RESPONSE OF TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM) TO NP ORGANIC FERTILIZER (RICH IN PHOSPHORUS) AND CALCIUM
Authors: AL-BAYATI A.S. , MAJEED H.H.
Published: December 2022

This current research proceeded during the growing season of 2021 at the Al-Nakhil Station, Al-Najaf Governorate, Iraq, to evaluate the response of hybrid tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) ‘OULA F1’ to foliar application of organic fertilizers NP and calcium. The first factor included spraying phosphorous and nitrogen with three concentrations (0, 1, and 2 ml.L-1), while the second consisted of calcium spray with three different concentrations (0, 1.25, and 2.5 ml.L-1). The experiment was setup according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in a factorial arrangement. The results showed that the organic fertilizer rich in phosphorus at a concentration of 2 ml.L-1 significantly improved the traits, i.e., plant height (49.98 cm), leaf number (34.80 leaves.plant1), leaf area (3775.90 cm2.plant-1), shoot dry weight (156.70 g.plant-1), and leaf content of total chlorophyll (183.19 mg.l00g-1 FW) in comparison with the control treatment. Also, the same concentration of phosphorus revealed superiority in the percentage of N, P, K, and Ca in tomato leaves and fruit yield per plant (1.79%, 0.71%, 2.23%, 1.69%, and 2.89% kg.plant-1, respectively), compared with the control treatment. Moreover, the results further revealed that the organic calcium fertilizer at a concentration of 2.5 ml L-1 realized the highest averages for plant height, leaf number, leaf area, shoot dry weight, leaf N percent, leaf P percent, leaf K percent, and fruit yield per plant by 52.39 cm, 35.27 leaves.plant-1, 3850.20 cm2.plant-1, 175.73 g.plant-1, 1.74%, 0.70%, 2.17%, and 3.12 kg.plant-1, respectively. The foliar application of calcium at a concentration of 1.25 ml.L-1 provided the maximum total chlorophyll (175.03 mg.l00g-1 FW) and Ca (1.74%) in the leaves.