bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MACROELEMENTS CONCENTRATION IN PLUM TREE LEAVES AND SOIL IN RESPONSE TO ORCHARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT
Authors: Lisek Jerzy , Stępień Teresa
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of various methods of orchard floor management on extractable mactronutrients concentration in plum leaves and orchard soil. Study carried out between 2013 and 2015. Standard mineral fertilization on experimental plots was applied. Trees of ‘Valjevka’ plum (Prunus domestica L.), grafted onto Myrobalan seedlings (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. var. divaricata Ledeb.), were planted in the spring of 2008. From 2009 to 2015, the following methods of soil cultivation under tree canopies were introduced: control with limited weeding around tree trunks; spraying with foliar herbicides; mulching with organic waste, i.e. straw with compost; mechanical soil cultivation with the use of rotary cultivators and hoe; weed mowing. The method of soil cultivation had influence on leaf concentration of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium, as well as soil concentration content of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in particular years of the study or as three-year mean. Orchard floor management did not affect leaf nitrogen concentration in any way. The results showed that regular weed control in the evaluated type of orchard is not necessary for properly supplying plum trees with macronutrients.
UPLC-HRESI-MS and GC-MS analysis of the leaves of Nicotiana glauca
Authors: Massadeh Rafeef K. , El-Elimat Tamam , Al-Gharaibeh Mohammad , Tawaha Khaled , Alali Feras Q.
Published: August 2021

The alkaloid-rich fraction obtained by fractionation of the crude methanolic extract of the leaves of wild tobacco tree Nicotiana glauca Graham (Solanaceae) was analyzed using UPLC-MS and GC-MS. Anabasine, a piperidine alkaloid, was identified as the major constituent with approximately 60 % (m/m) of the alkaloid-rich fraction. In addition to anabasine, six secondary metabolites were identified using high-resolution UPLC-MS. Anabasine was quantified in the leaves to be 1 mg g−1 dry plant material. The GC-MS analysis revealed five compounds with anabasine as the major component, while nicotine was not detected. Moreover, GC-MS was used for the analysis of the volatile oil that was obtained by hydro-distillation from the leaves of N. glauca. The volatile plant oil was found to be rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes (e.g., β-bisabolol) and carboxylic acids and esters (e.g., ethyl linoleate and hexadecanoic acid), whereas anabasine was not detected.
Design, synthesis and molecular modeling study of substituted indoline-2-ones and spiro[indole-heterocycles] with potential activity against Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Radwan Awwad Abdoh , Aanazi Fares Kaed , Al-Agamy Mohammed , Mahrous Gamal Mohammad
Published: August 2021

Longstanding and firsthand infectious diseases are challenging community health threats. A new series of isatin derivatives bearing β-hydroxy ketone, chalcone, or spiro-heterocycle moiety, was synthesized in a good yield. Chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Antibacterial activities of the compounds were then evaluated in vitro and by in silico modeling. The compounds were more active against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.026–0.226 mmol L−1) and Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 0.348–1.723 mmol L–1) than against Gram-negative bacteria (MIC = 0.817–7.393 mmol L–1). Only 3-hydroxy-3-(2-(2,5-dimethylthiophen-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl)indolin-2-one (1b) was found as active as imipenem against S. aureus (MIC = 0.026 mmol L–1). In silico docking of the compounds in the binding sites of a homology modeled structure of S. aureus histidine kinase-Walk allowed us to shed light on the binding mode of these novel inhibitors. The highest antibacterial activity of 1b is consistent with its highest docking score values against S. aureus histidine kinase.
Influence of effective microorganisms on pikeperch nonspecific humoral immunity, general condition, and development
Authors: Terech-Majewska Elżbieta , Pajdak-Czaus Joanna , Kaczorek-Łukowska Edyta , Rożyński Maciej , Zakęś Zdzisław , Kowalska Agata , Kazuń Krzysztof , Siwicki Andrzej K.
Published: August 2021

Products containing effective microorganisms (EMTM) use microorganisms to work in the environment in which they are applied. EMTM is used in many countries worldwide, mainly in agriculture, including in aquaculture, and in environmental protection. Fish farmers use these products to stimulate effective growth and conditioning and as immunity enhancers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of EMTM Probiotyk (Greenland, Poland) on the development of humoral non-specific resistance in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) in the initial stage of rearing in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). The experimental diet was administered for 28 days with 0% (control group), 2%, and 4% EMTM supplementation. The results from the humoral parameters (Lys, TP, Ig) showed no statistical differences. The only statistically significant difference was noted in Cer for the 4% group. Non-specific humoral-mediated immunity in fish plays a key role in defense against damaging factors. Pikeperch is a fish used for restocking open waters, where fish can be subjected to agrotechnical treatments, including EMTM. The results permitted estimating the potential risks of using EMTM in aquaculture.
Seascape Context as a Driver of the Fish Community Structure of Posidonia oceanica Meadows in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Čižmek Ivana Zubak , Schultz Stewart Tyre , Kruschel Claudia , Čižmek Hrvoje
Published: August 2021

Marine underwater habitats dominated by seagrass Posidonia oceanica play an essential role in fish community assembly, affecting taxonomic and functional diversity, abundance and fish behavior. The value of seagrasses as habitat depends on the spatial arrangement of the seascape elements and the availability of alternative habitats. Little is known about the effect of the seascape context of P. oceanica meadows on fish assemblages in the Mediterranean Sea. To identify P. oceanica meadows’ relative importance as a habitat for fishes, fish communities in the Croatian Adriatic Sea were investigated, using SCUBA lure-assisted visual census. The results show a significant effect of different arrangements of P. oceanica meadows’ seascape elements and surrounding habitats on fish community structure. Fragmented mosaic meadows with P. oceanica growing directly on and between rocky-algal reefs/boulders had significantly higher fish abundances compared to both types of continuous meadows (bordering rock and bordering sand). Continuous meadows bordering sand harbored the highest number of unique species. Evidence that alternative structured habitats within proximity to seagrass beds may affect the community structure of associated fish assemblages is provided, highlighting the need to consider P. oceanica meadows’ seascape context in conservation management and experimental design for fish community structure.
Exploring the Potential of Art Workshop: An Attempt to Foster People’s Creativity in an Online Environment
Authors: Shimizu Daichi , Yomogida Ibuki , Shijun Wang , Okada Takeshi
Published: August 2021

Recently, the importance of creativity in society has been clearly recognized. Furthermore, educational practices through art, such as the STEAM paradigm, are being implemented gradually. However, the framework of how creativity should be fostered through art has not been sufficiently discussed. Based on studies of artists’ creative expertise, this study proposed a framework for fostering creativity through art. In addition, we conducted a year-long art program based on this framework in an online environment and investigated its effects. As a framework, we proposed the importance of long-term support for the dynamic development of participants’ creativity. We mainly focused on the following four components: active interaction with objects and the environment through bodily action, active interaction with others and their works (inspiration), exploration in creative processes (exploration), and promotion of intrinsic motivation and decrease in creativity anxiety (motivation). After a total of eight workshops over a year, we observed improvements in the participants’ creativity anxiety, divergent thinking skills, images of art and creation, and openness to others. We discussed the effectiveness of the proposed framework and the advantages and limitations of using an online environment.
Where to Share? A Systematic Investigation of Creative Behavior on Online Platforms
Authors: Ceh Simon M. , Benedek Mathias
Published: August 2021

Digitalization, underpinned by the ongoing pandemic, has transferred many of our everyday activities to online places. In this study, we wanted to find out what online outlets people use to share their creative work and why they do it. We found that most people posted creative work online at least a few times per year. They especially shared creative content related to creative cooking, visual art, and literature but hardly related to performing art. YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram were the three platforms with the highest familiarity and usage rates; among these, YouTube was most strongly used passively (i.e., to view creative content), while Instagram was most strongly used actively (i.e., to post one’s own creative content). We could further differentiate platforms that were domain-specific (e.g., Stackoverflow for scientific/technological creativity) from platforms that offer a broader variety of creative content (e.g., Reddit, Blogger). The reasoning behind posting one’s creative work online resembled a mixture of technological facilitation, alongside heightened accessibility that allows for feedback and bringing pleasure to one’s followers and friends. All in all, this study provides a first overview of where and why people share their creative products online, shedding light on timely forms of creative expression.
Biosecurity and Antimicrobial Use Practices in Live Bird Markets within Abeokuta Metropolis, Southwest, Nigeria: A Preliminary Survey
Authors: Adebowale Oluwawemimo , Makanjuola Motunrayo , Bankole Noah , Olanike Adeyemo , Awoseyi Ayomikun , Awoyomi Olajoju Jokotola
Published: August 2021

The development of an antimicrobial stewardship plan (AMSP) for live bird sellers (LBS) requires an understanding of the current biosecurity status, antimicrobial use (AMU) and the practices involved in live bird selling (e.g., drivers, sellers, etc.) which is a direct source of poultry meat for human consumption. Seven Live Bird Markets (LBMs) within Abeokuta, Ogun State were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data on LBMs characteristics, LBS demographics, biosecurity, and AMU practices, awareness on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), as well as preferred channels of information on antimicrobial stewardship were gathered. A total of 40 consenting LBS with 82.5% female and 17.5% male participants were included in the study. The participants’ mean age was 45.3 years (SD±11.9, range: 23-70 years). Laying hens, broilers, and cockerels were the main poultry types sold by LBS. Antimicrobials (AMs) were used for growth promotion (57.5%), therapeutic (40.0%), and prophylactic (2.5%) purposes. Tetracycline, metronidazole, and chloramphenicol were the most frequently used AMs. The majority of the participants (90.0%) have treated birds based on their empirical experience, with little or no inputs from veterinarians. Biosecurity and AMU practices were generally low (54.0% and 34.0%, respectively). The contact with veterinarians was associated with satisfactory biosecurity practices (p=0.049). No significant factors were found to be linked with AMU. This study has provided recent evidence-based data on practices in poultry management among LBS in Abeokuta, Ogun state. The findings would be useful for policy decisions and the development of AMSP on prudent AMU among LBS.
Influenza vaccine in COVID-19 patients: Who?, why?, when?
Authors: Arcana Raluca Ioana Dospinescu , Crișan-Dabija Radu , Tesloianu Anda , Popa Daniela Robu , Rohozneanu Oana-Elena , Buculei Ioana , Antoniu Sabina , Trofor Antigona
Published: August 2021

Considering the increased prevalence of influenza infections in the cold season and the pandemic evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the medical staffs are facing potential viral co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. Both viruses belong to the category of ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses, having common structural features, causing a similar immune response, with a related mode of transmission and with both respiratory and general symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses cause contagious infections and the protective measures against them are the same: wearing masks in crowded spaces, proper hand hygiene and avoiding crowded places. Co-infections with influenza A and B viruses and SARS-CoV-2 virus involve additional precautions regarding the therapeutic and evolution approach. Studies show that patients who have been vaccinated against influenza have developed milder forms of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. In elderly patients, increased influenza vaccination coverage has shown to be associated with a decrease in mortality rate and also reduced the heavy impact of double infection. The Influenza vaccine can trigger early immune mechanisms in order to facilitate early detection of SARS-CoV-2 as well as its clearance. Influenza vaccination should now be seen, more than ever, as a strategy to combat the growing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, especially in vulnerable populations (elderly and people with associated comorbidities).
TB endemic evolution in Romania in the shadow of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Munteanu Ioana , Cioran Nicoleta , Nedelcu Ramona , Nemes Roxana , Mahler Beatrice
Published: August 2021

The provisory data collected by the tuberculosis (TB) Program in 2020 show that the global incidence decreases by 30%, but considering the long interval from infection to the appearance of clinical manifestations in TB, we will be able to analyse only in the following years the positive or negative impact of the restrictive measures imposed as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, on the evolution of TB in Romania.
BIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN UNTUK ANAK-ANAK KANKER DAN TUMOR
Authors: Qolbi Satria Kharimul
Published: August 2021

Pendidikan di Indonesia sudah diatur oleh undang-undang bahwa pada dasarnya setiap manusia mempunyai hak dalam memenuhi pendidikan. Berbicara manusia maka tidak memandang suku, rasa atau agama yang berbeda atau bahkan usia dari kecil sampai tua juga memiliki hak dalam pendidikan tak luput juga anak-anak yang terdiagnosa kanker dan tumor. Maka dari itu pendidikan anak-anak kanker dan tumor perlu diperhatikan dengan kebijakan-kebijakan yang disusun dan dibuat khusus tertuuju dengan anak-anak kanker. Dengan berbagai metode dalam pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi dianalisis melalui reduksi data, pengkajian data dan Verivikasi data dari Yayasan Sosial melayani anak-anak kanker yaiutu Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia dengan programnya sekolah-ku yaitu pemenuhan pendidikan unruk anak-anak yang terdiagnosa kanker. Yayasan tersebut menjadi bahan dalam pembuatan kebijakan yang tepat untuk anak-anak kanker, karena dengan usia yang sudah mencapai 14 tahun YKAKI sudah memberikan kontribusi dalam memenuhi pendidikan anak-anak kanker. Mulai dari rumusan, forcasting dan rekomendasi yang ditemukan bahwa beberapa hal seperti system pendidikan hospital Schooling hospital Schooling, kurikulum khusus anak-anak kanker dan tumor, proses belajara anak-anak kanker dan tumor, guru-guru untuk anak-anak kanker dan tumor, fasilitas yang menyesuaikan kemampuan fisik anak-anak kanker dan keberlanjutan pendidikan anak-anak kanker. Dari berbagai telaah maka sangat diperlukan sebuah kebijakan yang tertuju pada pendidikan anak-anak kanker dan tumor.
Use of drone (UAV) as a tool for work safety inspection for roofing activities in civil construction: a systematic review
Authors: Macêdo G.C. G. , Zlatar T. , Barkokébas Jr B.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Falls from heights represent one of the most frequent accidents in civil constructions, mainly caused by different roofing activities. The risks should be first evaluated by conducting safety inspections, and then implementing adequate control measures to eliminate or reduce the risks of accidents. New technologies facilitate those inspections and make the processes much more efficient. The objective of this study was to make a systematic review to analyse works which used a drone as a visual tool for such safety inspection activities, systematize main information needed to consider in developing future drone research in civil construction. Methodology: The research was carried out on the Brazilian platform for scientific journals and conferences called “CAPES Portal”through the Preferred Report for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes (PRISMA) methodology. Several keywords were used for searching, including: "Construction", "Construction Safety", "Safety Inspection", "Safety Management", "Drone", "Unmanned Aerial Vehicles". Results and Discussion: In total, 102 articles were identified through the searching. After applying all the inclusion and exclusion criteria (published in the last 10 years, published in English or Portuguese language), In addition, the articles were included only if related to the use of drones in civil construction and if had some relationship with work safety inspection. A total number of 15 articles fulfilled the selection criteria’s and were included in this review. Theinformation about the analysed studies included information such as author/reference, the objective of the study, the country where the study was conducted, the activities which were analysed, conclusions, limitations and the type of the drone which was used in the research. In total, 8 of the 15 studies were developed in the United States, representing 53% of the total, while other studies are from Germany (4), Brazil (2), Australia (1) and Spain (1). Most studies analysed the inspection ofbridges and roofs. Conclusions: Studies have shown that there is evidence of the advantages of using drones to assist in safety inspections in civil construction, especially in bridges and roofs.
The Ołowianka Bascule Footbridge in Gdansk – A Bridge That Makes the Difference
Authors: Mlakar Rok , Markelj Viktor
Published: August 2021

In the city of Gdansk in Poland, in the very centre of the Baltic capital, on 17 June 2017, a new draw footbridge was ceremoniously opened to the public. The Ołowianka footbridge represents the long-time much-needed link between the highly tourist-visited historical old town and Ołowianka Island, where further cultural, tourist and recreation facilities are located. The bridge spans a very busy navigable channel of the Motława River, leading inward towards other city channels, a harbour for many tourist ships and the Gdansk Marina. Being the main navigable entrance to the city centre, the Motława is constantly under nautical traffic, so the Ołowianka footbridge operates 24/7, according to a 30-minute schedule. The Ołowianka footbridge is an extraordinary acquisition for the city of Gdansk, which immediately became a new landmark and much more in the already very picturesque historic city centre. Not just its design, but also its carefully chosen location and its realisation at the right moment, has made this bridge indispensable to the inhabitants, visitors and the administration of the city of Gdansk, decisively contributing to further development in the Ołowianka Island area and its surroundings.
New Designs of Railway Station Footbridges
Authors: Yariv Boaz , Dewar Anthony , Mairs Des
Published: August 2021

In 2018, Network Rail set out on a program of improving its offer of approved designs for the railway environment. The objective was to develop designs for railway stations that are accessible, user friendly and not too imposing. By the end of 2019, Network Rail oversaw the initiation and approval of two new footbridge designs, the Beacon and the Ribbon. A third design, the Frame, was completed in 2020.

The Frame design was a winner of Network Rail’s Station Footbridge competition [1] launched in collaboration with the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) in 2018. Of the 120 designs submitted, http://www.ribacompetitions.com/networkrailfootbridge/long-listed.html the competition was won by Danish designers.

This is an account of developing the three distinctive designs from a common design brief.
Partnerships to Provide Critical Access; National Rural Infrastructure Programming in Rwanda
Authors: Connell Devin , Bang Avery , Turrini Nicola
Published: August 2021

Bridges to Prosperity (B2P) is an International Non-Government Organization (INGO) that constructs long- span, cable-supported footbridges for transportation connectivity in rural parts of low-income countries. By building footbridges over impassable rivers, B2P and their partners act as a catalyst in rural communities, providing access to health care, education and market opportunities.

Following a nation-wide Rwanda needs assessment that involved assessing over 1500 locations where communities reported an inability to access local services year-round, B2P partnered with the Rwandan Government to prioritize the sites that were technically feasible and high impact, culminating in a five-year MOU to co-finance up to 355 bridges to connect over 1.1 million rural Rwandese. The private engineering and construction sectors have played a key role in providing funding and support for this scale up and this paper will address the design innovations brought forth, resulting in lost-cost and low-tech infrastructure for rural applications. To demonstrate the importance of B2P’s Corporate Partnership program on their scale-up in Rwanda, this paper will discuss a few of the innovative design and construction techniques developed in these partnerships through a case study of the Uwarukara footbridge in Rwanda.
A Simplified Dynamic Analysis of Existing Pedestrian Bridges, a Possibility to get new Experience for Designing
Authors: Johansson Niklas
Published: August 2021

Technology gives us new instruments that can help us in our daily work. There is a rapid development of different kinds of sensors used in buildings, bridges, towers and other structures. These sensors can help us gather much information from our existing structures, which gives us the possibility to use a large amount of data obtained from real structures to evaluate our theoretical models used in the design and refine them.

In the topic of pedestrian bridges, it is interesting to evaluate their dynamic properties since they are sensible to the dynamic vertical and horizontal loads from people. The fundamental data for the dynamic behaviour of a pedestrian bridge are the eigenfrequencies, which can be obtained easily using an accelerometer. Today there is almost always one available since the mobile phones are equipped with them. With an application, it is easy to obtain the fundamental vibration frequency for a bridge and it is also possible to analyse the higher vibration modes in a frequency spectrum. Furthermore, it is easy to obtain a measurement of acceleration in the time domain from walking or running. Also the damping has a very important effect on the vibration level, and it can also be evaluated with measurements.

This tool can be used for evaluating a similar structure as the one to be designed and it could provide us with valuable insight in the dynamic behaviour of the structure. This paper presents some examples, where the theoretical results from models are compared with measurements of the finished bridges. The results from measurements are validated with a simple, well known structure.
ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МОДЕЛІ ІНТЕГРОВАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ШКОЛЯРІВ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ВИВЧЕННЯ ФОРТЕПІАННИХ ТВОРІВ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ КОМПОЗИТОРІВ
Authors: Новосядла Ірина , Гуцол Тетяна
Published: August 2021

У статті розглядається поєднання зразків української музичної та літературної творчості як модель інтегративного підходу в музичному вихованні школярів з метою розвитку їх образно-асоціативного мислення. Наголошується на ефективності такого взаємозв’язку, на величезному дидактичному потенціалі і української фортепіанної музики, і поезії як її програми, що сприяє активізації творчої уяви школярів і кращому розумінню художнього змісту творів. Пропонуються варіанти прикладів фортепіанних п’єс і віршів відомих українських митців минулого, сучасних авторів для різного шкільного віку.
Use of a Team-Based Video Simulation to Complement a Lecture in Motivational Interviewing to Develop Students’ Initial Attitudes and Skills
Authors: Malewski David F , Desselle Shane P , Kali-Rai Ranjit
Published: August 2021

Background: Motivational interviewing (MI) is increasingly recognized for its patient-centered approach to clinician-patient communication and often effective in evoking appropriate changes in patient behavior.  Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs are increasingly incorporating MI education; however, doing so represents a challenge regarding availability of both time and labor capital.
Case Description: This study reports on the use of a 90-minute software-based simulation and tutorial coupled with a 90-minute lecture in a 3-hour course session. In a subsequent session consisting of several brief interactions with standardized patients (SPs), students reflected upon their strengths and challenges as a result of attempting to apply the MI principles they learned during the educational intervention.
Case Themes: Students’ responses to a questionnaire delivered both before and after the simulation and lecture, showed improvements in several attitudinal components related to use of MI, as well as developing self-efficacies in deploying patient-centered communication strategies. A post-intervention survey without students’ opportunity to study/prepare saw gains in student knowledge about MI.
Case Impact: The measurements employed to determine student’s attitude and knowledge showed good to very good internal consistency reliably based on calculated Cronbach’s alpha and KR-20. Student reflections indicated their understanding of MI principles, even though they fell short of implementing them in large part during their encounters with SPs.
Conclusion: Use of a video simulation undergone by teams of PharmD students coupled with a brief lecture might be an effective and efficient way of building a foundation for MI competency among PharmD students where instructors might lack labor capital and significant space in the curriculum.
Medical Image Classification for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Ehsan Ali , Mijwil Maad M.
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus is a family of viruses that cause different dangerous diseases that lead to death. Two types of this virus have been previously found: SARS-CoV, which causes a severe respiratory syndrome, and MERS-CoV, which causes a respiratory syndrome in the Middle East. The latest coronavirus, originated in the Chinese city of Wuhan, is known as the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a new kind of coronavirus that can harm people and was first discovered in Dec. 2019. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of people infected with this serious disease has reached more than seven million people from all over the world. In Iraq, the number of people infected has reached more than twenty-two thousand people until April 2020. In this article, we have applied convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) for the detection of the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) coronavirus images that assist medical staffs in hospitals on categorization chest CT-coronavirus images at an early stage. The ConvNets are able to automatically learn and extract features from the medical image dataset. The objective of this study is to train the GoogleNet ConvNet architecture, using the COVID-CT dataset, to classify 425 CT-coronavirus images. The experimental results show that the validation accuracy of GoogleNet in training the dataset is 82.14% with an elapsed time of 74 minutes and 37 seconds.
Who sleeps better? Sleep patterns and sleep disturbances in adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain or inflammatory bowel disease and healthy controls
Authors:   Faculty for Psychology and Sports, Bielefeld University, 33015 Bielefeld, North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany, Manhart Ann-Kristin , Schlarb Angelika A. ,   Faculty for Psychology and Sports, Bielefeld University, 33015 Bielefeld, North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany
Published: August 2021

Background: Sleep difficulties play an important role in the maintenance and course of chronic abdominal pain disorders (RAP and IBD). Particularly among adolescents with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) or recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), adequate sleep seems to be important, as the diseases self and the associated symptoms can cause distress and impair daytime functioning. Hence it seems adequate to take a closer look concerning the sleep difficulties within the different conditions of abdominal pain especially in comparison to a healthy control. To our knowledge no former study compared sleep problems in youths with RAP and IBD as well as healthy controls. Thus the aim of the present study was to 1) evaluate sleep problems in the RAP and IBD and 2) compare the sleep problems of these abdominal pain diseases with a healthy control group. Methods: 129 adolescents (14-25 years) took part in the online survey, with 58 suffering from IBD, 23 had RAP and 48 healthy controls. Adolescents completed sleep questionnaires as PSQI, SDSC or NEQ. Data was analysed by conducting MANOVAs to test differences between the three groups followed by a post-hoc analyses. Results: Significant differences between both patient groups and healthy controls regarding sleep quality as well as sleep disturbances were found. Results indicate that especially young IBD patients suffered more often from poor sleep quality, sleep disturbances as well as daily effects of nightmares than the control group. The comparison of adolescents with RAP and healthy controls showed elevated scores concerning sleep disturbances for RAP patients. However, IBD and RAP adolescents did not differ significantly concerning most sleep measurements. Discussion: The study at hand was the first to compare adolescents with IBD and RAP regarding sleep difficulties. Adolescents with IBD and RAP have an impaired sleep quality as well as a higher rate of sleep disturbances and suffer from daily effects of nightmares than the control group. Therefore sleep disturbances should be also addressed when treating IBD and RAP patients to prevent further impairments.
Deep Learning Method for Martian Atmosphere Reconstruction
Authors: Amato Davide , McMahon Jay W.
Published: August 2021

The reconstruction of atmospheric properties encountered during Mars entry trajectories is a crucial element of postflight mission analysis. This paper proposes a deep learning architecture using a long short-term memory (LSTM) network for the reconstruction of Martian density and wind profiles from inertial measurements and guidance commands. The LSTM is trained on a large set of Mars entry trajectories controlled through the fully numerical predictor-corrector entry guidance (FNPEG) algorithm, with density and wind from the Mars Global Reference Atmospheric Model (GRAM) 2010. The training of the network is examined, ensuring that the LSTM generalizes well to samples not present in the training set, and the performance of the network is assessed on a separate training set. The errors of the reconstructed density and wind profiles are, respectively, within 0.54 and 1.9%. Larger wind errors take place at high altitudes due to the decreased sensitivity of the trajectory in regions of low dynamic pressure. The LSTM architecture reliably reproduces the atmospheric density and wind encountered during descent.
Nitrogen compounds removal from oil-derived middle distillates by MIL-101(Cr) and its impact on ULSD production by hydrotreating
Authors: Meneses-Ruiz Edith , Escobar José , Mora Rodolfo Juventino , Montoya José Ascención , Barrera María Concepción , Solís-Casados Dora , Escobar-Alarcón Luis , Del Ángel Paz , Laredo Georgina
Published: August 2021

Oil-derived middle distillates (straight-run gas oil and mixture with light cycle oil and coker gas oil) for Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) production by HyDroTreating (HDT) were pretreated by selective Nitrogen Organic Compounds (NOC) adsorption. Highly crystalline Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) MIL-101(Cr) prepared with propylene oxide (proton scavenger) as textural improver was used to that end. MOF was characterized by N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, infrared, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies, and electron microscopy (SEM and HR-TEM). NOC removal was carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, the adsorbent being easily regenerable under mild conditions. Extruded MOF efficiently removed NOC from real feedstocks to concentrations ~ 80 ppm which allowed ULSD production at much milder conditions to those used during pristine feedstocks HDT. Operating temperature could be significantly diminished (from 350 to 330 °C, at 56 kg cm−2 (5.77 MPa), LHSV = 1.5 h−1, H2/oil = 2500 ft3 bbl−1 (445 m3 m−3)) which could notably prolong cycle life of NiMo/Al2O3 formulation used.
Importância do diagnóstico precoce das cardiopatias congênitas: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Linhares Isabela Costa , Gonçalves Matheus Hybner , Pinto Patrícia Martins , Machado Manuella da Silva , Almeida Mariana Saracino de , Brum Larissa Sant'Ana
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Construir um conhecimento alicerçado e uniforme para a realização de uma prática médica de qualidade, através de embasamento teórico e análise crítica sobre a importância do diagnóstico precoce das cardiopatias congênitas. Métodos: O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão literária, integrativa e experimentada por seus autores, cuja elaboração deu-se por meio das seguintes etapas: identificar do tema e selecionar a questão de pesquisa, buscar os artigos nas bases de dados digitais, analisa-los com aplicação de critérios para inclusão e exclusão de estudos, e discussão dos resultados apresentados pelos periódicos. Resultados: Pode-se inferir que a melhor forma de identificação precoce das anomalias cardíacas faz-se por meio do rastreio ultrassonográfico pré-natal e, para um diagnóstico mais preciso e confirmatório, a ecocardiografia fetal. Considerações finais: Confirma-se a relevância do diagnóstico precoce a fim de oportunizar ao paciente um tratamento adequado, qualidade de vida e redução de morbidades, evidenciando a necessidade da inserção de exames como ultrassonografia e ecocardiografia fetal nos programas de triagem pré-natal.
Óbito neonatal precoce e tardio: perfil das mães e recém-nascidos no estado de Rondônia
Authors: Boas Larissa Nascimento Vilas , Lindenberg Charlie Darthanhã , Machado Daniel Ferreira Silva Cardoso , Caetano Gabriella Lucas , Carvalho Guilherme Rosa de , Bellario Lucas Cabral , Silva Safyra Zampieron Bezerra da , Matheus Thaís Henrique , Pinto Sebastiana Linhares , Pinheiro Yasmin Mendes
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil epidemiológico do binômio mãe-filho envolvidos em óbitos neonatais precoce e tardio em Rondônia. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, exploratório e descritivo de série temporal, realizado através de consultas ao Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Elaborou-se um banco de dados acerca dos óbitos infantis no estado de Rondônia no período de 2014 a 2018, delimitando-se microrregiões e variáveis como local de parto. Resultados: No que tange a microrregião, observa-se que Porto Velho destaca-se com 39% em um total de 1.234 óbitos. Na variável faixa etária materna houve domínio do intervalo de 20 a 24 anos, contabilizando 392 óbitos. Na variável local de parto constatou-se que no âmbito intra-hospitalar ocorreram 384 óbitos totalizando 97,95%, enquanto extra-hospitalar ocorreram apenas 5. Tipo de gestação, sexo do neonato e cor/raça também apresentaram altas porcentagens. As demais variáveis presentes no estudo não apresentaram discrepância percentual importante. Conclusão: Apesar de haver programas e projetos governamentais voltados a saúde da gestante e do neonato, constata-se que o número de óbitos neonatais ainda é um entrave à saúde pública, deste modo, observa-se uma necessidade de intensificação nas medidas de prevenção à óbitos do binômio mãe-filho no momento do parto e pós-parto.
Accuracy of transportal femoral aimer in placement of femoral tunnel during arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: An observational study
Authors: Thapa Sushil , Joshi Amit , Singh Nagmani , Pradhan Ishor , Kayastha Nirab
Published: August 2021

Objectives:

Incorrect placement of the femoral tunnel can result in failure of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Several techniques have been described in literature to make accurate femoral tunnel. Although eyeballing and femoral offset aimer are commonly used, they are considered to be less accurate if used in isolation. To the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the use of combination of eyeballing and offset aimer to make the femoral tunnel. This study aims to evaluate the position of femoral tunnel made by combination of eyeballing and femoral offset aiming device.

Materials and Methods:

Post-operative radiographs of 50 patients were assessed. True anteroposterior (AP) and lateral view radiographs were used to evaluate the placement of the femoral tunnel using standard methods. The outcome was assessed and compared with the standard location of femoral tunnel as described by Harner et al. and Aglietti et al. Ease of making femoral tunnel and posterior blowout were recorded. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 statistical analysis software.

Results:

In the coronal plane (AP view), the mean position of the femoral tunnel from the lateral cortex was at 35.09% ± 3.9% point. In AP plane (lateral view), the mean position of the femoral tunnel was at 80.01% ± 8.02% posteriorly along the Blumensaat’s line. None of the cases had posterior blowout and the technique was said to be easy.

Conclusion:

Eyeballing supplemented with transportal femoral offset aimer is an easy and accurate method of placing femoral tunnel and avoids posterior wall blowout.
Saudi orthopedic surgeons’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding surgical antibiotic prophylaxis
Authors: Binown Khalid A. , Alhabradi Faisal A. , Aljahani Abdulrahman M. , Shadid Abdulaziz M.
Published: August 2021

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of orthopedic surgeons practicing in Saudi Arabia regarding surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP).

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on certified and under-training orthopedic surgeons registered in the Saudi Council for Health Specialties. An email, including an online validated self-administered survey using a voluntary response sampling technique, was sent between November 2020 and January 2021. The questionnaire comprised 12 questions that tested knowledge regarding SAP, five questions that analyzed surgeon attitudes toward SAP, and three questions on SAP-related practice.

Results:

This study included 271 orthopedic surgeons from different areas of Saudi Arabia. The majority of respondents were registrars (or equivalent) (n = 92; 33.9%), and most of them were male (n = 257; 94.8%). Almost 95% of respondents reported that SAP was indicated for internal fixation, spinal surgeries, and prosthetic joint replacement. Moreover, 82.7% of the respondents stated that cefazolin was considered the first-line SAP. Almost 85% of the respondents demonstrated a positive attitude toward SAP, with a mean score of 2.48. However, 87.5% of them believed that adhering to SAP general guidelines would reduce the rate of infection in orthopedic surgeries. Almost 53% of respondents reported using only one guideline as a reference in their surgical practice. Moreover, 41.3% of surgeons switched between guidelines depending on the surgery.

Conclusion:

This study revealed adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward SAP among orthopedic surgeons. However, a discrepancy in the practice habits of orthopedic surgeons was observed, which is explained by non-adherence to SAP protocols. Common guidelines that can be used by all orthopedic surgeons need to be developed and implemented to reduce surgical site infections and non-adherence to SAP protocols. This task can be done by a general trusted body like the Saudi Orthopedic Association.
ОБНАРУЖЕНИЕ ДЕФЕКТОВ ТИПА ВОЗДУШНАЯ ПОЛОСТЬ ПРИЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОМ КОНТРОЛЕ ИЗОЛЯЦИИ КАБЕЛЬНЫХИЗДЕЛИЙ В ОБЛАСТИ СЛАБЫХ И СИЛЬНЫХ ПОЛЕЙ
Authors: Редько В.В. , Редько Л.А.
Published: August 2021

Технологический контроль качества изоляции кабельных изделий позволяет исключить передачу дефектных изделий потребителю и получить обратную связь для регулировки технологических режимов производства. В процессе технологического контроля полимерной изоляции кабельных изделий применяется электроискровой метод контроля. Изучение изменения параметров в процессе контроля является актуальной задачей. В статье рассматривается возможность обнаружения дефектов типа «воздушная полость» полимерной изоляции электрических проводов электроискровым методом контроля на основе контроля электрических параметров дефектного участка. Проведен сравнительный анализ поведения дефектов в области слабых и сильных электрических полей. Теоретически обосновано изменение электрической емкости и сопротивления диэлектрических потерь дефектного участка. Приводятся результаты численного моделирования распределения напряженности электрического поля в изоляции круглого одножильного провода в области слабых и сильных полей; описание и результаты экспериментальных исследований участка изоляции с воздушной полостью. На основе численного моделирования и анализа экспериментальных данных подтверждены теоретические предположения о том, что с увеличение прикладываемого напряжения электрическая емкость дефектного участка возрастает, а сопротивление диэлектрических потерь снижается. Описана возможность повышения информативности электроискрового контроля изоляции кабельных изделий.
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К РАЗРАБОТКЕ И ОЦЕНКЕ КАЧЕСТВА НОВЫХ НАПИТКОВ ГРУППЫ «ДИСТИЛЛЯТЫ».Часть 2. ВЫБОР СЫРЬЯ
Authors: Мороженко Ю.В. , Егорова Е.Ю.
Published: August 2021

Устойчиво высокий спрос российских потребителей на напитки группы дистилляты мотивирует производителей к увеличению объемов их выпуска, зачастую в ущерб индивидуальности, а порой – и в ущерб безопасности спиртосодержащей продукции. Эта практика приводит к появлению на потребительском рынке напитков низкого качества и откровенных фальсификатов, что свидетельствует об использовании не соответствующего сырья либо несоблюдении режимов его переработки на отдельных стадиях производства.

Целью статьи являлась разработка общих рекомендаций к выбору сырья, используемого в производстве напитков группы «Дистилляты». По результатам обобщения требований действующих нормативных документов, литературных и собственных данных в области технологии производства спиртосодержащих напитков авторами сформулированы принципиальные требования, которым должно соответствовать растительное сырье, этиловый спирт и вода, как основные компоненты, используемые при получении напитков группы «Дистилляты».
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ АМАРАНТА В ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КИСЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Снегирева А.В. , Мелёшкина Л.Е.
Published: August 2021

Разработка продуктов питания из растительного сырья, богатого незаменимыми нутриентами была и остается актуальной задачей пищевой промышленности. В связи с чем в данной работе проведено исследование перспектив использования различных видов ячменной муки как сырья для производства киселей и возможности повышения пищевой ценности блюда за счет внесения отрубей амаранта. Определены кислотность, крупность, зольность разных видов ячменной муки. Исследована вязкость клейстеров из ячменной муки разных производителей, подвергнутой термической обработке. Выбран образец с оптимальными технологическими характеристиками, альтернативными картофельному и кукурузному крахмалу в составе сладкого блюда. Исследована возможность внесения отрубей амаранта в рецептуру киселя и проведен сравнительный анализ пищевой ценности традиционного киселя и киселя на основе ячменной муки с отрубями амаранта. Выявлено положительное влияние отрубей амаранта в составе ячменного киселя на его пищевую ценность. Установлено, что внесение отрубей амаранта и ячменной муки обогащает кисель пищевыми волокнами. Значительно возрастает содержание минеральных веществ, в частности фосфора, железа, магния и кальция, витаминов В1 и В2.
ПРОДУКЦИЯ НА ЗЕРНОВОЙ ОСНОВЕ С ПЛОДОВЫМИ,ОВОЩНЫМИ И ЯГОДНЫМИ КОМПОНЕНТАМИДЛЯ ДЕТСКОГО ПИТАНИЯ
Authors: Урубков С.А. , Хованская С.С. , Дрёмина Н.В. , Смирнов С.О.
Published: August 2021

В данной статье рассматривается проблема питания детей старше одного года, а также дошкольного и школьного возраста. Рассмотрена отечественная и зарубежная практика применения различных сырьевых компонентов, а также технологий производства продукции на зерновой основе для детского питания. Подчеркнута важность использования растительного сырья в концепции сбалансированного питания и влияния на развитие и рост детского организма. Определено направление дальнейших исследований, которое имеет не только медицинское, но и большое социальное значение, так как является определяющим фактором всего последующего развития ребёнка. Результатом данной работы будет является разработка новой продукции на зерновой основе с добавлением плодового, овощного и ягодного сырья, обеспечивающей сбалансированное и рациональное поступление питательных веществ и энергии, при этом не имеющей аналогов по своей питательной ценности.
АНАЛИЗ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА И ПИЩЕВОЙ ЦЕННОСТИСУШЁНЫХ ПЛОДОВ С ЦЕЛЬЮ ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ВПРОДУКТАХ ДЕТСКОГО ПИТАНИЯ
Authors: Урубков С.А. , Хованская С.С. , Дрёмина Н.В. , Смирнов С.О.
Published: August 2021

В данной статье представлен анализ расчетных данных химического состава и пищевой ценности сушёных плодов ягод, овощей и фруктов с целью их дальнейшего использования в качестве компонентов при создании продукции для питания детей старше одного года, а также дошкольного и школьного возрастов. Указана важность использования сушёных плодов в концепции сбалансированного питания и влияния на развитие и рост детского организма. Рассматриваемое сырьё включает 12 наименований сушёных плодов. Приводятся данные о составе с точки зрения содержания в плодах основных компонентов пищи: белков, жиров и углеводов, органических кислот, витаминов, минеральных веществ. Проведенный анализ расширяет наши представления о биологической ценности сушёных плодов, дает направление для дальнейших исследований по разработке рационов питания, где необходимо стремиться к оптимальному составу нутриома детей, включать в его состав все группы продуктов учитывая разнообразие свойств их нутриентов. Результатами дальнейших исследований станет разработка технологии производства продукции, не имеющей аналогов по своей биологической и питательной ценности, на основе комбинирования зернового сырья с натуральными плодовыми, овощными и ягодными компонентами для детского питания.