bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rationale for Targeted Confectionery Products for Children over Three Years Old
Authors: Misteneva Svetlana , Savenkova Tatyana , Demchenko Elena , Shcherbakova Natalia , Gerasimov Timofey
Published: July 2020

Introduction. According to the World Health Organization, unhealthy diets are a major risk for noncommunicable diseases. These risks begin in childhood and develop throughout life. Scientists around the world are busy establishing optimal requirements for children’s diet that would contribute to their healthy development throughout the entire period of growing up. The quality of nutrition in childhood is a critical factor, since the physiological need for nutrients and energy during this period is especially high. Nutrition for preschool and school age children has its own specifics, e.g. lack of variety and functional products, preference for products with a high content of added sugar, fat, and salt, etc. Results and discussion. The article summarizes various recommendations on nutrition and physiological requirements for basic nutrients and energy. The recommendations are based on modern research on the nature and structure of children’s diet in Russia and abroad. The authors analyzed the Unified Register of State Registration Certificates of targeted functional foods. The paper also describes the main directions of improving the formulation of targeted confectionery products for preschool and school age children, based on taking global trends and principles of healthy eating. Conclusion. Most confectionery products have extreme content of critical substances, high energy value, and almost no dietary fiber, vitamins, or mineral matter. Therefore, new formulations of targeted confectionery products for children over three years of age are relevant and promising if developers take into account the principles of healthy nutrition. The existing regulatory framework for the production and sale of this group of products requires improvement.
A RAZÃO E A EMOÇÃO NA VIAGEM DO TURISTA
Authors: Silva Maria Aldenora da , Coriolano Luzia Neide Menezes Teixeira
Published: July 2020

A interferência dos sistemas sensoriais – visão, audição, paladar, olfato e tato – em escolhas de atividades, produtos e serviços serve de argumento para experiências e motivações em viagens turísticas. A literatura sobre o tema, embora incipiente e vasqueira, é encontrada em análises de temas turísticos. Razão e emoção entram como componentes da oferta de produtos e serviços turísticos, modernamente.  Não obstante, a relevância do tema é abalizada com narrações de experiências compartilhadas pelos distintos componentes da cadeia produtiva do turismo. O artigo analisa as categorias razão e emoção, assim como os influxos em decisões de compras de consumidores de pacotes turísticos. Concentra-se nos aspectos: mudanças no setor de turismo e contribuição para a economia; perfil do novo consumidor e identificação de determinante nas escolhas; e na influência dos sistemas sensoriais nas escolhas de turistas, para, consequentemente, ensejar vantagem competitiva para as empresas. Explora teorias com o propósito de depreender as mudanças de consumo nas escolhas de equipamentos turísticos pelas novas gerações de consumidores.
AS RELAÇÕES INTERPESSOAIS E A SATISFAÇÃO NO TRABALHO EM SERVIÇOS GASTRONÔMICOS
Authors: Santos Filipe Pessoa dos , Passos Maria Eliza Assis dos , Paula Nilma Morcerf de
Published: July 2020

A gestão de pessoas em serviços requer não apenas conhecimentos técnicos, mas também, a compreensão da dinâmica do comportamento humano nas relações de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as relações interpessoais desenvolvidas no trabalho e o grau de satisfação de profissionais atuantes em serviços gastronômicos. Para isto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com abordagem quali-quantitativa, factual, descritiva e experimental. A amostra, selecionada por conveniência, foi composta por 18 funcionários de cinco restaurantes localizados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por de aplicação de questionário, compreendido de 54 questões fechadas e 1 aberta. Os resultados indicaram que os sentimentos de desconfiança e isolamento estão presentes entre os funcionários, bem como os de inveja, raiva, ciúmes e de injustiça, afetando negativamente o ambiente de trabalho. Na relação com chefia imediata os funcionários relataram receberem tratamento cordial, respeitoso e de confiança, contudo, se ressentem por não poderem usar a criatividade e por terem que se limitar a seguir regras. Observaram-se áreas carentes de atenção dentro do ambiente estudado, como relacionamento entre os funcionários, benefícios, remuneração, jornada de trabalho e perspectiva de carreira. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, abre caminho para novas discussões sobre a atuação dos profissionais da gastronomia.
Genome-wide Core Proteome Analysis of Brucella melitensis Strains for Potential Drug Target Prediction
Authors: Rahman Noor , Shah Mohibullah , Muhammad Ijaz , Khan Haroon , Imran Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Introduction:

Brucella melitensis is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes
abortion in goats and sheep and Malta fever in humans. In humans, chronic infection occurs through
contact with infected animals or their waste products.

Methods:

The subtractive genomic approach is considered as a powerful and useful method for the
identification of potential drug and vaccine targets. In this study, an attempt has been made through a
subtractive proteomic strategy to identify novel drug targets in Brucella melitensis strains. Total 2604
core proteins of 56 strains of B. melitensis were taken, of which 545 non-human homologs were found to
be essential for pathogen growth. Metabolic pathway analysis of these essential proteins revealed that 129
proteins are exclusively involved in 21 unique metabolic pathways in B. melitensis reference strain.

Results:

Of these, 31 proteins were found to be involved in 10 metabolic pathways that are unique to
the pathogen. We selected Nitrate reductase subunit-β, Urease subunit α-2, Pantoate-β-alanine ligase,
Isochorismatase, 2-dehydro-3-deoxyphosphooctonate aldolase and Serine O-acetyltransferase as drug
targets in Brucella melitensis strains. Among these druggable targets, we selected only Pantoate-β-
alanine ligase as high confidence target based on intensive literature curation, which is nonhomologous
to the human gut metagenome involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites pathway. Pantothenate
synthetase is the best chemotherapeutic target to combat Brucellulosis.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo validation is needed for the evaluation of lead compounds
against Brucella melitensis strains.
An Ensembled SVM Based Approach for Predicting Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Joshi Pratik , Vedhanayagam Masilamani , Ramesh Raj
Published: July 2020

Background:

Preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is imperative for the safety of
the people. The problem of under-reporting the ADRs has been prevalent across the world, making it
difficult to develop the prediction models, which are unbiased. As a result, most of the models are
skewed to the negative samples leading to high accuracy but poor performance in other metrics such
as precision, recall, F1 score, and AUROC score.

Objective:

In this work, we have proposed a novel way of predicting the ADRs by balancing the dataset.

Method:

The whole data set has been partitioned into balanced smaller data sets. SVMs with
optimal kernel have been learned using each of the balanced data sets and the prediction of given
ADR for the given drug has been obtained by voting from the ensembled optimal SVMs learned.

Results:

We have found that results are encouraging and comparable with the competing methods in
the literature and obtained the average sensitivity of 0.97 for all the ADRs. The model has been
interpreted and explained with SHAP values by various plots.

Conclusion:

A novel way of predicting ADRs by balancing the dataset has been proposed thereby
reducing the effect of unbalanced datasets.
Deep Learning Model for Pathogen Classification Using Feature Fusion and Data Augmentation
Authors: Ahmad Fareed , Farooq Amjad , Khan Muhammad Usman Ghani
Published: July 2020

Background:

Bacterial pathogens are deadly for animals and humans. The ease of their dissemination, coupled
with their high capacity for ailment and death in infected individuals, makes them a threat to society.

Objective:

Due to high similarity among genera and species of pathogens, it is sometimes difficult for microbiologists to
differentiate between them. Their automatic classification using deep-learning models can help in reliable, and accurate
outcomes.

Method:

Deep-learning models, namely; AlexNet, GoogleNet, ResNet101, and InceptionV3 are used with numerous
variations including training model from scratch, fine-tuning without pre-trained weights, fine-tuning along with freezing
weights of initial layers, fine-tuning along with adjusting weights of all layers and augmenting the dataset by random
translation and reflection. Moreover, as the dataset is small, fine-tuning and data augmentation strategies are applied to
avoid overfitting and produce a generalized model. A merged feature vector is produced using two best-performing models
and accuracy is calculated by xgboost algorithm on the feature vector by applying cross-validation.

Results:

Fine-tuned models where augmentation is applied produces the best results. Out of these, two-best-performing
deep models i.e. (ResNet101, and InceptionV3) selected for feature fusion, produced a similar validation accuracy of 95.83
with a loss of 0.0213 and 0.1066, and a testing accuracy of 97.92 and 93.75, respectively. The proposed model used xgboost
to attained a classification accuracy of 98.17% by using 35-folds cross-validation.

Conclusion:

The automatic classification using these models can help experts in the correct identification of pathogens.
Consequently, they can help in controlling epidemics and thereby minimizing the socio-economic impact on the community.
Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies CPZ as a Tumor Immunology Biomarker for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Gu Yuan , Gao Ying , Tang Xiaodan , Xia Huizhong , Shi Kunhe
Published: July 2020

Background:

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. However, the biomarkers for the
prognosis and diagnosis of Gastric cancer were still need.

Objective:

The present study aimed to evaluate whether CPZ could be a potential biomarker for GC.

Method:

Kaplan-Meier plotter (http://kmplot.com/analysis/) was used to determine the correlation between CPZ expression and overall
survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) time in GC [9]. We analyzed CPZ expression in different types of cancer and the
correlation of CPZ expression with the abundance of immune infiltrates, including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells,
neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells, via gene modules using TIMER Database.

Results:

The present study identified that CPZ was overexpressed in multiple types of human cancer, including Gastric cancer. We
found that overexpression of CPZ correlates to the poor prognosis of patients with STAD. Furthermore, our analyses show that
immune infiltration levels and diverse immune marker sets are correlated with levels of CPZ expression in STAD.
Bioinformatics analysis revealed that CPZ was involved in regulating multiple pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, regulation of cell adhesion,
extracellular matrix organization, collagen fibril organization, collagen catabolic process.

Conclusion:

This study for the first time provides useful information to understand the potential roles of CPZ in tumor immunology and
validate it to be a potential biomarker for GC.
Characterization and Prediction of Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Neurotoxins Based on Reduced Amino Acids and Biological Properties
Authors: Cao Yiyin , Yu Chunlu , Huang Shenghui , Wang Shiyuan , Zuo Yongchun , Yang Lei
Published: July 2020

Background:

Presynaptic and postsynaptic neurotoxins are two important neurotoxins. Due to the important
role of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurotoxins in pharmacology and neuroscience, identification of them becomes very
important in biology.

Method:

In this study, the statistical test and F-score were used to calculate the difference between amino acids and
biological properties. The support vector machine was used to predict the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurotoxins by
using the reduced amino acid alphabet types.

Results:

By using the reduced amino acid alphabet as the input parameters of support vector machine, the overall accuracy
of our classifier had increased to 91.07%, which was the highest overall accuracy in this study. When compared with the
other published methods, better predictive results were obtained by our classifier.

Conclusion:

In summary, we analyzed the differences between two neurotoxins in amino acids and biological properties,
and constructed a classifier that could predict these two neurotoxins by using the reduced amino acid alphabet.
Renal Phosphate Handling in Antiretroviral-naive HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Adedeji Tewogbade Adeoye , Adebisi Simeon Adelani , Adedeji Nife Olamide , Jeje Olusola Akanni , Owolabi Rotimi Samuel
Published: July 2020

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impairs renal function,
thereby affecting renal phosphate metabolism.

Objectives:

We prospectively estimated the prevalence of phosphate abnormalities (mild, moderate
to life-threatening hypophosphataemia, and hyperphosphataemia) before initiating antiretroviral
therapy (ART).

Methods:

A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 170 consecutive newly diagnosed ARTnaive,
HIV-infected patients attending our HIV/AIDS clinics over a period of one year. Fifty (50)
screened HIV-negative blood donors were used for comparison (controls). Blood and urine were
collected simultaneously for phosphate and creatinine assay to estimate fractional phosphate excretion
(FEPi %) and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Results:

eGFR showed significant difference between patients’ and controls’ medians (47.89ml/
min/1.73m2 versus 60ml/min/1.73m2, p <0.001); which denotes a moderate chronic kidney disease
in the patients. Of the 170 patients, 78 (45.9%) had normal plasma phosphate (0.6-1.4
mmol/L); 85 (50%) had hyperphosphataemia. Grades 1, 2 and 3 hypophosphataemia was observed
in 3 (1.8%), 3 (1.8%), and 1(0.5%) patient(s) respectively. None had grade 4 hypophosphataemia.
Overall, the patients had significantly higher median of plasma phosphate than the controls, 1.4
mmol/L (IQR: 1.0 – 2.2) versus 1.1 mmol/L (IQR: 0.3 – 1.6), p <0.001, implying hyperphosphataemia
in the patients; significantly lower median urine phosphate than the controls, 1.5 mmol/L
(IQR: 0.7 -2.1) versus 8.4 mmol/L (IQR: 3.4 – 16), p <0.001), justifying the hyperphosphataemia
is from phosphate retention; but a non-significantly lower median FEPi% than the controls, 0.96%
(IQR: 0.3 -2.2) versus 1.4% (IQR: 1.2 -1.6), p > 0.05. Predictors of FEPi% were age (Odds ratio,
OR 0.9, p = 0.009); weight (OR 2.0, p < 0.001); CD4+ cells count predicted urine phosphate
among males (p = 0.029).

Conclusion:

HIV infection likely induces renal insufficiency with reduced renal phosphate clearance.
Thus, hyperphosphataemia is highly prevalent, and there is mild to moderate hypophosphataemia
but its life-threatening form (grade 4) is rare among ART-naive HIV patients.
Mobile-Based and Cloud-Based System for Self-management of People With Type 2 Diabetes: Development and Usability Evaluation
Authors: Salari Raheleh , R Niakan Kalhori Sharareh , GhaziSaeedi Marjan , Jeddi Marjan , Nazari Mahin , Fatehi Farhad
Published: July 2020

Background

As the use of smartphones and mobile apps is increasing, mobile health (mHealth) can be used as a cost-effective option to provide behavioral interventions aimed at educating and promoting self-management for chronic diseases such as diabetes. Although many mobile software apps have been developed for this purpose, they usually lack a theoretical foundation and do not follow the guidelines suggested for evidence-based practice. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a theory-based self-management app for people with type 2 diabetes and provide an app based on a needs assessment analysis.

Objective

This paper describes the development and usability evaluation of a cloud-based and mobile-based diabetes self-management app designed to help people with diabetes change their health behavior and also enable remote monitoring by health care providers.

Methods

The development of this mHealth solution comprises 3 phases. Phase I: feature extraction of the Android apps that had a user rating of 4 stars or more and review of papers related to mHealth for diabetes self-management were performed followed by seeking expert opinions about the extracted features to determine the essential features of the app. Phase II: design and implementation included selecting which behavioral change and structural theories were to be applied the app and design of the website. Phase III: evaluation of the usability and user experience of the mobile app by people with diabetes and the portal by health care providers using the User Experience Questionnaire.

Results

The developed mobile app includes modules that support several features. A person’s data were entered or collected and viewed in the form of graphs and tables. The theoretical foundation of behavioral intervention is the transtheoretical model. Users were able to receive customized messages based on the behavioral change preparation stage using the Kreuter algorithm. The clinician’s portal was used by health care providers to monitor the patients. The results of the usability evaluation revealed overall user satisfaction with the app.

Conclusions

Mobile- and cloud-based systems may be an effective tool for facilitating the modification of self-management of chronic care. The results of this study showed that the usability of mobile- and cloud-based systems can be satisfactory and promising. Given that the study used a behavioral model, assessment of the effectiveness of behavior change over time requires further research with long-term follow-up.
Developing a Heart Transplantation Self-Management Support Mobile Health App in Taiwan: Qualitative Study
Authors: Chen Yi-Wen , Wei Jeng , Chen Hwei-Ling , Cheng Ching-Hui , Hou I-Ching
Published: July 2020

Background

Heart transplantation (HTx) is the most effective treatment for end-stage heart failure patients. After transplantation, patients face physiological, psychological, social, and other health care problems. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can change the delivery of conventional health care to ubiquitous care and improve health care quality. However, a dearth of mHealth apps exists for patients with HTx worldwide, including in Taiwan.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the information needed and to develop a preliminary framework for an mHealth app for post-HTx patients.

Methods

A qualitative approach with individual in-depth interviews was conducted at a heart center in the regional hospital of northern Taiwan from June to November 2017. Patients that had undergone HTx and their health professionals were recruited for purposeful sampling. A semistructured interview guideline was used for individual interviews and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis.

Results

A total of 21 subjects, including 17 patients and 4 health professionals, were recruited for the study. The following five major themes were identified: reminding, querying, experience sharing, diet, and expert consulting. Minor themes included a desire to use the app with artificial intelligence and integration with professional management.

Conclusions

An intelligent mHealth app that addresses the five main themes and integrates the processes of using a mobile app could facilitate HTx self-management for Taiwanese patients.
Comparing the Keyto App and Device with Weight Watchers’ WW App for Weight Loss: Protocol for a Randomized Trial
Authors: Locke Sean R , Falkenhain Kaja , Lowe Dylan A , Lee Terry , Singer Joel , Weiss Ethan J , Little Jonathan P
Published: July 2020

Background

Obesity and being overweight are major contributing factors for many diseases. Calorie restricted diets often fail to result in sustained long-term weight loss. Very low–carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diets have been suggested to have superior metabolic and weight loss effects. Keyto is a low-cost, highly scalable mobile health (mHealth) app paired with a noninvasive biofeedback tool aimed at facilitating weight loss through a personalized healthy and predominantly plant- and fish-based ketogenic diet.

Objective

This protocol describes a randomized trial comparing the efficacy of the Keyto mHealth app and device intervention to that of Weight Watchers’ WW app in individuals who are overweight or obese. The primary outcome is weight loss after 12 weeks. Secondary and exploratory outcomes, including metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, will be assessed at 12, 24, and 48 weeks.

Methods

A total of 144 participants will be recruited and randomized to either the Keyto program or Weight Watchers program. Study participants will be guided through the study via video conference or phone calls and will undergo a fasting blood analysis performed by a third-party diagnostic lab at weeks 0 and 12 to assess metabolic and cardiovascular risk markers. All participants will be asked to weigh themselves daily on a study-provided Bluetooth-enabled scale. Participants randomized to the Keyto arm will also be asked to measure their breath acetone levels, a measure of ketosis, with the Keyto device 3 times per day.

Results

Recruitment started in December 2019. Rolling recruitment is expected to be completed by July 2020. Data collection and analysis of the primary intervention phase is expected to be completed in October 2020. The 24- and 48-week follow-ups are expected to be completed in January 2021 and July 2021, respectively.

Conclusions

This trial will provide high-quality evidence regarding the efficacy of the Keyto weight loss program in individuals who are overweight and obese in a free-living condition. This study also fills a gap by examining the impact of a ketogenic diet emphasizing plant- and fish-based fats on blood lipid profile and cardiovascular disease risk.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04165707; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04165707.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19053
Digitalization and the Social Lives of Older Adults: Protocol for a Microlongitudinal Study
Authors: Macdonald Birthe , Hülür Gizem
Published: July 2020

Background

Digital technologies are increasingly pervading our daily lives. Although older adults started using digital technologies later than other age groups, they are increasingly adopting these technologies, especially with the goal of communicating with others. However, less is known about how online social activities are embedded in older adults’ daily lives, how they complement other (offline) social activities, and how they contribute to social connectedness and well-being.

Objective

Data generated by this project will allow us to understand how older adults use digital communication in their daily lives to communicate with others, how this relates to well-being and social connectedness, and how communication using digital technologies differs from other types of communication depending on situational and individual characteristics.

Methods

Microlongitudinal data were collected from 120 older adults from German-speaking regions of Switzerland to examine these questions. Data collection took place from April 2019 to October 2019. Data collection took place over different time scales, including event-based (reporting all social interactions for 21 days), daily (well-being, loneliness, and technology use every evening for 21 days), hourly (cortisol assessments 6 times per day for 3 days), and baseline (relevant interindividual characteristics, including sociodemographics, health, technology use, personality, and cognitive performance) assessments.

Results

Data collection for this study was completed in November 2019. Participants reported an average of 96.35 interactions across the 21 days. Among the total 11,453 interactions, 5494 (47.97%) were face-to-face, and around 16% each were interactions by phone (1858, 16.16%), email (1858, 16.22%), and text message (1853, 16.18%). Otherwise, 246 (2.15%) of the interactions took place on social media, 96 (0.84)% were letters, and 54 (0.47%) of the interactions took place on videochat.

Conclusions

Participants used a variety of modalities in their daily communication, including digital means such as text messages, email, and video calls. Further analysis will provide more detail as to the role that communication via digital media plays in older adults’ daily lives.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/20306
Is SARS CoV-2 a new Frankenstein monster virus? (Preprint)
Authors: El-Magd Mohammed
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel virus of beta coronavirus genus originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019, resulted in the pandemic spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. This genus also contains SARS-CoV (originated in China 2002-2003) and MERS-CoV (found in Saudi Arabia 2012). The nucleotide sequences of SARS-CoV-2 is closer to SARS-CoV (with approximately 80% identity) than to MERS-CoV. Despite these similarities, SARS-CoV-2 has two main features over the other coronaviruses. The first is the high contagious rate and the second is the immune response evasion. The higher transmission ability makes this virus quickly spread worldwide with a high mortality rate and more economic losses. This review will provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of some viral and host cell factors in higher transmission and contagious spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Correction: A Novel Narrative E-Writing Intervention for Parents of Children With Chronic Life-Threatening Illnesses: Protocol for a Pilot, Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ho Andy Hau Yan , Dutta Oindrila , Tan-Ho Geraldine , Tan Toh Hsiang Benny , Low Xinyi Casuarine , Ganapathy Sashikumar , Car Josip , Ho Ringo Moon-Ho , Miao Chun Yan
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

A novel evidence-based Narrative e-Writing Intervention (NeW-I) has been developed and tested in Singapore to advance psychosociospiritual support for parents of children with chronic life-threatening illnesses. NeW-I is informed by an international systematic review and a Singapore-based qualitative inquiry on the lived experience of parental bereavement and supported by literature on anticipatory grief interventions for improving the holistic well-being of parent caregivers of seriously ill children.

OBJECTIVE

This study's aim was to provide an accessible platform, NeW-I—which is a strengths- and meaning-focused and therapist-facilitated mobile app and web-based counseling platform—that aims to enhance quality of life, spiritual well-being, hope, and perceived social support and reduce depressive symptoms, caregiver burden, and risk of complicated grief among parents of children with chronic life-threatening illnesses.

METHODS

The NeW-I therapist-facilitated web-based platform comprises a mobile app and a website (both of which have the same content and functionality). NeW-I has been implemented in Singapore as a pilot open-label randomized controlled trial comprising intervention and control groups. Both primary and secondary outcomes will be self-reported by participants through questionnaires. In collaboration with leading pediatric palliative care providers in Singapore, the trial aims to enroll 36 participants in each group (N=72), so that when allowing for 30% attrition at follow-up, the sample size will be adequate to detect a small effect size of 0.2 in the primary outcome measure, with 90% power and two-sided significance level of at least .05. The potential effectiveness of NeW-I and the accessibility and feasibility of implementing and delivering the intervention will be assessed.

RESULTS

Funding support and institutional review board approval for this study have been secured. Data collection started in January 2019 and is ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

NeW-I aspires to enhance holistic pediatric palliative care services through a structured web-based counseling platform that is sensitive to the unique cultural needs of Asian family caregivers who are uncomfortable with expressing emotion even during times of loss and separation. The findings of this pilot study will inform the development of a full-scale NeW-I protocol and further research to evaluate the efficacy of NeW-I in Singapore and in other Asian communities around the world.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03684382; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03684382

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/22286
La violencia de género en México, ¿en qué vamos?
Authors: Sánchez de los Monteros Arriaga Anel Cecilia
Published: July 2020

La violencia ejercida contra las mujeres debido a su desvalorización social y cultural es un tema preocupante en nuestro país y a nivel internacional. Se han tomado medidas para protegerlas y cambiar el panorama social, y si bien se ha avanzado en 2012 al tipificar el feminidicio como un delito, 1 los esfuerzos deben ir más allá de las acciones de los gobiernos y los procesos judiciales que las regulan. Es necesario hacer un cambio cultural de fondo, dejar atrás la ideología patriarcal de nuestra sociedad, especialmente la latina, debido a que la mayoría de los países con índices más altos de feminicidios se encuentran precisamente en América Latina. 2 La ideología heredada de una superioridad masculina es la base para que se cometan actos violentos de género en contra de las mujeres. Si esta ideología es cuestionada y, sobretodo, modificada, cada hombre y mujer podrá hacer valer sus derechos y libertades para decidir sobre sí misma, además de rodear a las mujeres de una sociedad que las proteja y respete.
Tracing COVID-19 Data: Data and Technological Citizenship during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lauriault Tracey
Published: July 2020

Project Overview / Research Summary: There is much official COVID-19 data reporting by federal, provincial, territorial and Indigenous Communities. As the pandemic evolves, and more information comes to light, there is a call to add data attributes about Indigenous, Black and Racialized groups and of the affected labour force, and to report where cases predominate. The pandemic also revealed that foundational datasets are missing, such as a national list of elder care homes, maps of local health regions and data about the digital divide. This project will embrace technological citizenship, adopt a critical data studies theoretical framework and a data humanitarian approach to rapidly assess data shortfalls, identify standards, and support the building of infrastructure. This involves training students, conducting rapid response research, developing a network of experts, learning by doing and a transdisciplinary team of peer reviewers to assess results. The knowledge will be mobilized in open access blog posts, infographics, policy briefs and scholarly publications.
Adaptation of the land agricultural suitability evaluation system to high-altitude vineyards
Authors: Dortzbach Denilson , Loss Arcangelo , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Machado Ludmila , Anjos Lúcia Helena
Published: July 2020

Adequate information on agricultural land suitability for viticulture are important for the expansion of the activity in wine producing regions, as the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. This information contributes to improve the efficiency of evaluations, with the inclusion of different management levels for the crop and redefinition of limiting levels of agricultural land conditions. In this context, the objective of this work was to adapt the Land Agricultural Suitability Evaluation System (LASES) to grapevine crops grown in high-altitude regions in Santa Catarina. The LASES was modified based on the crop demands and managements, proposing the incorporation, removal, adjust and update of parameters used in the LASES. The limiting factors considered were topography, fertility, water excess or oxygen deficiency, susceptibility to erosion, impediments to meccanization, and soil effective depth. These traits were based on data of bibliographic surveys and five limiting levels were attributed to them: null, mild, moderate, strong, and very strong. Agricultural suitability classes like good, regular, restrictive and inapt resulted from the interaction between agricultural conditions and management levels of viticulture producers, and later, a suitability guide table was developed. The adaptation of the LASES to grapevine crops grown in high-altitude conditions in Santa Catarina incorporate and adjust local aspects that are important for the grapevine production system. Thus, it is an important tool for decision making when implementing new vineyards and contributes to a possible increase of this activity in the region.
Integrated management of Colletotrichum gloesporioides in yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener)
Authors: Campo-Arana Rodrigo Orlando , Urango-Esquivel Naudith , Pérez-Polo Dairo
Published: July 2020

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) is one of the most limiting diseases of yellow passion fruit, reducing crop production by more than 80%. This research aimed to assess anthracnose management strategies on yellow passion fruit crop sanitation and yield. We assessed the effect of alternating fungicide applications (//) every 15 days with foliar nutrients on the severity of anthracnose and crop yield in a commercial crop in San Isidro district (Montería), located at coordinates 8°44'52.7'' N, 75°52'53.2''W and 75m.a.s.l. We conducted this research in two experiments; in the first, we assessed the response of the disease index (DI) after the application of the following treatments: T1=Manazeb (Mancozeb) // Potassium phosphite (Foscrop), T2=Mancozeb // Potassium (Terramin potassium), T3=Mancozeb // Calcium (Terramin calcium), T4=Trichoderma spp. (Fitotripen) // Copper oxychloride, T5=Azoxystrobin (Amistar) // Mancozeb, and T6=Control sprayed with water. In the second experiment, we selected the best treatments, as follows: T1 = Amistar // Mancozeb; T2 = Terramin potassium // Mancozeb, and T3 = Control. We evaluated DI, percent of affected fruits, number of fruits/ha, and yield (Kg/ha). The results from the first experiment showed that T1 and T5 controlled anthracnose, reducing the levels of severity by 39.69% compared to the control (T6). In the second experiment, T1 decreased the levels of foliage severity by 29.04% and increased the number of fruits/ha and yield by 200% compared to the control. Overall, the fungicide application of Azoxistrobin alternating with Manazeb constitutes an effective alternative to control anthracnose in yellow passion fruit cultivation.
FATORES SOCIOINSTITUCIONAIS E TOLERÂNCIA À CORRUPÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE APLICADA PARA INDIVÍDUOS
Authors: Ribeiro Hilton Manoel Dias , Machado Bruno De Souza
Published: July 2020

Houve um interesse crescente, nas últimas décadas, por estudos sobre as possíveis causas e consequências da corrupção, por meio de abordagens políticas, institucionais, sociais e econômicas. Dada a escassez de análises empíricas, o presente trabalho dedica-se a avaliar as relações entre a tolerância à corrupção e as dimensões socioinstitucionais selecionadas, tais como gênero, educação, religião, confiança, categoria de renda, dentre outras. A World Values Survey (WVS) foi a fonte de dados utilizada, compreendendo o período de 1995 a 2014, conforme disponibilidade dos dados. Como métodos, empregou-se a Análise de Correspondência Múltipla, seguida do modelo de Regressão Logística Ordenada. Os resultados sugerem relações significativas entre uma percepção mais tolerante à corrupção e aspectos como ser homem; ter preferências menos democráticas; ter menos confiança na impressa livre e ativa; ter menos confiança no sistema de justiça; estar em categorias mais elevadas de renda; ter preferência por menos igualdade de renda na sociedade; e ter menos escolaridade.
Probiotics in the Modern World
Authors: Uspenskiy Y. P. , Fominykh Y. A. , Nadzhafova K. N. , Polyushkin S. V.
Published: July 2020

Aim of review. The review highlights modern concepts of the role of microbiome in sustaining the human body, the place of probiotics in treatment and prevention of pathologies related to disorders in healthy microbiota.

Key points. Microbiome is a unique panorganismal system normally maintaining self-equilibrium and possessing a vast and diverse functionality. Imbalance in normal microbiota can be assisted by probiotics, i.e. living microorganisms that sustain health of the host when being supplied in adequate amounts. Alike normal microflora, probiotic strains incorporate into general metabolism by mediating a spectrum of functions, e.g. maintaining colonisation resistance, nutrient metabolism, supplying the host with vital metabolites, regulation of local and adaptive immune responses, enhancing the intestinal barrier. Probiotics are applied in various diseases associated with general imbalances of the organism. Modern probiotic preparations are characterised by acid- and antibiotic-resistivity and safety, thus being suitable for treating gut microbiome-associated disorders in various age groups.

Conclusion. Probiotic strains, as well as medications designed on their basis, are widely applied and show good promise. Further research into their properties will advance the prospects of probiotic treatment.
A Gestão Autônoma da Medicação e o dispositivo da Pesquisa-apoio
Authors: Passos Eduardo , Renault Letícia , De Sá Mello Thaís , Rodrigues Guerini Lorena
Published: July 2020

Este artigo discute uma inovação da pesquisa-intervenção participativa na abordagem da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM): a criação de uma etapa que nomeamos “Pesquisa-apoio”. Tal etapa se inspirou nos conceitos-ferramenta de Apoio Matricial e Apoio Institucional, instrumentos no campo brasileiro da saúde coletiva voltados à democratização dos serviços, à troca de experiências e saberes entre trabalhadores e à cogestão. A Pesquisa-apoio teve objetivos semelhantes no serviço de saúde mental onde se realizou, um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS); contudo, diferentemente daqueles instrumentos, ela inclui em seu dispositivo os usuários dos serviços e seus familiares, ao invés de incluir apenas os trabalhadores. A Pesquisa-apoio permite contribuir com o debate sobre apoio no campo da saúde e ampliar a discussão sobre os dispositivos GAM. Em continuidade com os princípios da GAM, a Pesquisa-apoio permitiu aprofundar a participação dos usuários nos processos cogestivos, reforçando sua parceria com os trabalhadores e expandindo sua autonomia.
O Comitê Cidadão e o trajeto participativo da pesquisa GAM
Authors: De Carvalho Otanari Thais Mikie , Rodriguez del Barrio Maria Lourdes
Published: July 2020

O artigo aborda duas questões centrais no desenvolvimento contemporâneo da pesquisa em Saúde Mental: a inclusão dos saberes comunitários, ou da experiência, e a participação direta das pessoas na construção dos conhecimentos. Para isso, analisa a experiência de participação cidadã no projeto que traduziu e adaptou um instrumento que prevê um lugar central aos usuários na tomada de decisões do tratamento farmacológico em psiquiatria, o guia GAM (Gestão Autônoma da Medicação). Mais especificamente, procura-se compreender se a metodologia participativa permite transformar as relações de saber-poder e quais são suas implicações. Nossa conclusão é que, através de uma metodologia científica que inclui e valoriza os sujeitos em suas diferenças, a participação pôde tensionar posições hierárquicas pré-estabelecidas, favorecendo um contexto em que os cidadãos, mais empoderados e autônomos, ampliam a capacidade de atuação nas práticas da rede de pesquisa, contribuindo para a desconstrução de condições sócio-históricas de exclusão.
A GAM no ES: invenções com crianças, familiares e trabalhadores
Authors: Caliman Luciana Vieira , César Janaína Mariano
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, analisamos a experimentação da Estratégia GAM no Espírito Santo. O trabalho de pesquisa intervenção participativa com a GAM no percurso de cinco anos constituiu a montagem de três dispositivos. No campo da saúde mental infantojuvenil foram propostos um Grupo GAM com familiares de crianças que fazem uso de psicotrópicos e uma Oficina com crianças. O terceiro dispositivo envolveu a rede de saúde mental mais ampla, com a implementação da Estratégia GAM efetuada por trabalhadoras(es), tendo a Universidade como parceira a partir da criação de um dispositivo de Supervisão coletiva. Dimensionamos essa experiência como inauguradora de outros domínios de intervenção da GAM, compreendendo que tal abertura coloca em relevo o potencial desta estratégia e também o seu maior desafio: a capacidade de ser reinventada a cada experiência situada. Cada dispositivo criado tornou-se inseparável na construção da participaçãoque faz operar coletivos mais cogestivos e autônomos.
Distracciones durante la práctica clínica de enfermería: revisión integrativa
Authors: Gaitán-Gómez Olga Lucía , Aristizabal Patricia , Bueno-Robles Luz Stella
Published: July 2020

Introducción: Las distracciones son cualquier acción externa que interrumpe la atención del enfermero durante el desempeño de una actividad que puede resultar o no en la alteración, prolongación, cambio o suspensión de la tarea primaria por una tarea secundaria no planificada. Las distracciones también conocidas como interrupciones pueden resultar de múltiples fuentes externas o internas al individuo que tienen el potencial de impactar favorable o desfavorablemente en su desempeño profesional. Es por ello, que el presente estudio busca analizar la evidencia disponible sobre las “distracciones” experimentadas por los enfermeros durante su práctica clínica. Metodologia: revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en 12 bases de datos, con sintaxis de palabras claves entre 1998 - 2018. Se seleccionaron 25 artículos.  Resultados: se identificaron 12 atributos que dan forma a la anatomía del concepto y 7 estrategias de manejo que los enfermeros han desarrollado como fruto de la experiencia, el ejemplo y el ensayo y, el error. Conclusiones: las distracciones tienen un efecto mental (ejemplo: divide la atención) y psicológico (ejemplo: sensación de no poder terminar una tarea, sensación que algo se olvida o que algo falta, frustración) en el individuo que lo lleva a desarrollar estrategias para disminuir su efecto deletéreo.
Preparação dos pais para a alta hospitalar da criança prematura: Análise de conceito
Authors: Osorio-Galeano Sandra Patricia , Salazar-Maya Ángela María , Villamizar-Carvajal Beatriz
Published: July 2020

Introducción: El cuidado que los niños prematuros reciben en el hogar es determinante para su salud y su bienestar; en consecuencia, la preparación para el alta de la unidad neonatal es un proceso crítico. En esta revisión se analiza el concepto sobre preparación de los padres para el alta del niño prematuro, con el objeto de facilitar su descripción en la práctica y en la investigación en enfermería. Metodología: Revisión integrativa de literatura. Se analizaron 26 artículos publicados en SCIELO, LILACS y PUBMED entre 2009 y 2019 en inglés, español y portugués. Los descriptores fueron: Enfermería, recién nacido prematuro, alta de paciente y padres.  Para el análisis del concepto se utilizó el método de Walker y Avant, con el que se identificaron atributos, antecedentes y consecuencias. Resultados Los atributos del concepto fueron: conocimientos y habilidades para el cuidado, preparación emocional de los padres y redes de apoyo social. Como antecedentes se identificaron: el parto prematuro y la participación de los padres. Como consecuencias: reducción del número de reingresos hospitalarios, aumento en la satisfacción de los padres y disfrute del rol paterno. Conclusión: La preparación para el alta de los padres de niños prematuros debe favorecer el desarrollo de habilidades emocionales, físicas y cognitivas, además debe considerar las redes de apoyo social.
Dilemas y vivencias frente a la implementación de la ley 1805 de 2016
Authors: Bautista-Espinel Gloria Omaira , Ararat-Avendaño Carol Yuliett , Hernández-Ortiz Rossy Karina , Villa-Cárdenas Kelly Johana
Published: July 2020

En Colombia la ley 1805/2016, amplía la presunción legal de donación de órganos de todo adulto que en vida no exprese su negativa ante esta. Diversos posicionamientos involucran aspectos éticos y bioéticos, intensificando el debate moral y jurídico que la normativa suscita. El objetivo es analizar los dilemas bioéticos, que emergen en el personal de salud frente a la presunción legal de donación de órganos y las vivencias de pacientes en lista de espera, en el marco de la implementación de la ley 1805/2016. Materiales y métodos. Estudio fenomenológico, con triangulación múltiple y abordaje cualitativo, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, conversatorios y grupos focales. Informantes claves: 7 pacientes en lista de espera y 19 profesionales de salud de tres unidades de cuidados intensivos. Resultados. Se encontró que la implementación normativa convoca un tercer actor, la red de trasplante, que poco interactúa con el equipo de salud durante el rescate de órganos, situación que genera dilemas entre el principio de justicia distributiva, que involucra a los pacientes en lista de espera y el principio de respeto ante el duelo de los familiares del fallecido. Las tensiones de los pacientes se relacionan con el trasplante, que representa una esperanza de vida, rodeada de múltiples requerimientos. En conclusión, el personal de salud afronta dilemas bioéticos, por falta de educación y sensibilización normativa. Los pacientes experimentan tensiones éticas, que se sustentan en las vivencias de conductas previas, frente al anhelo del trasplante, visualizado como una segunda oportunidad.
Phenomenology of consumption of psycoactive substances in university students in Bogota
Authors: Guerrero-Aragón Sandra Catalina , García-Perdomo Ángel Alberto , Hernández-Zambrano Sandra Milena , Castiblanco-Montañez Ruth Alexandra
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Determinar el contexto fenomenológico en relación a los hábitos de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, en estudiantes universitarios de una institución de educación superior de ciencias de la salud en Bogotá. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo descriptivo de enfoque fenomenológico; se realizaron 8 entrevistas a jóvenes universitarios (informantes clave) que conocían el contexto universitario, las personas expendedoras y las consumidoras. La técnica de recolección de datos fue con entrevistas a profundad. El proyecto fue aprobado por el comité de ética de investigación en Seres Humanos, Hospital de San José - FUCS. Resultados: Los hallazgos identifican 6 categorías: 1) Factores de riesgo de policonsumo; 2) Factores de protección de policonsumo; 3) Sustancias psicoactivas; 4) Lugares de consumo; 5) Conductas de riesgo; 6) Efecto del consumo. A partir del análisis de contenido y de las proposiciones emergieron 14 subcategorías: factores de riesgo internos y externos; factores de protección externos; redes de apoyo; sustancias lícitas e ilícitas; lugares: bares, viajes, casa de amigos; conductas de riesgo: suicidio, riñas, conductas sexuales de riesgo, enfermedad física y mental y rendimiento académico. Conclusión: en el estudio se concluye que la problemática social presente en los estudiantes universitarios, está fundamentada en las situaciones de riesgos a las cuales están expuestos socialmente y que requiere de un pilar formativo desde la niñez. La UNODC, propone examinar a profundidad las variables que influyen en el consumo y actuar con programas preventivos viables, que permitan fortalecer las habilidades intrapersonales e interpersonales.