bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes using the Objective Grading System (OGS) and the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index
Authors: Chalabi Orfan , Preston Charles Brian , Al-Jewair Thikriat S. , Tabbaa Sawsan
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The use of objective criteria is essential to uniformly quantify and measure the severity of malocclusions and the efficacy of different treatment modalities. The Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and, more recently, the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (OGS) were developed to fulfill this need.

Aim

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess and compare treatment outcomes using the UK and US weighted PAR and the OGS.

Materials and methods

The sample consisted of randomly selected records of 50 patients treated by residents in one postgraduate orthodontic clinic. UK and US weightings for the PAR index were applied and compared with OGS.

Results

There was no statistically significant association between the OGS and the PAR index grading systems. Neither the UK nor the US PAR weightings showed statistically significant correlation with the OGS. All cases were ‘greatly improved’ or ‘improved’ according to the PAR index, while most cases (62%) failed according to OGS. There was a statistically significant correlation between the unweighted PAR index and the OGS (r = −0.32, p = 0.024). The US and the UK weightings for the PAR were highly correlated (r = 0.90, p < 0.001). Both weighting systems were also highly correlated with the unweighted PAR (p < 0.001). There were no gender differences found in any of the scoring systems.

Conclusions

The current PAR index cannot replace the OGS for evaluating treatment outcomes. The current OGS cannot detect the improvement achieved in a treated case.
Shear bond strength of different fixed orthodontic retainers
Authors: Al-Nimri Kazem , Al-Nimri Jareer
Published: September 2021

Objective

To compare the shear bond strength of different fixed retainer wire diameters bonded using a conventional composite resin or a specific retainer composite.

Materials and methods

One-hundred-and-twenty extracted human premolar teeth were divided into six groups. After conventional acid etching with a 37% phosphoric acid gel for 30 seconds, twist flex wires of various diameters (0.0175″, 0.0215″, 0.032″) were bonded as fixed retainers. Conventional bracket adhesive (Filtek Z250) or retainer specific adhesives (Transbond LR) were used. After curing, the specimens were stored for 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C and, thereafter, subjected to 500 thermal cycles. The specimens were then debonded using a Universal Instron machine. The site of failure was recorded for each specimen and the shear bond strength calculated. Statistical analyses were provided using a Chi-square test for failure site and a two-way ANOVA test to assess shear bond strength.

Results

The site of failure was predominantly at the wire composite interface in all groups. The specific retainer composite showed a significantly higher shear bond strength compared with conventional composite (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the three wire diameters (p < 0.001); the 0.0215” wire had the highest shear bond strength, whereas the 0.032” wire had the least shear bond strength.

Conclusions

The site of failure was unrelated to wire diameter or adhesive. The optimal combination to maximise the bond strength of fixed retainers appeared to be a specific retainer adhesive and a wire diameter of 0.0215″.
A comparison of shear bond strength of brackets bonded to zirconia
Authors: Knott Hannah , Xu Xiaoming , Kee Edwin , Yu Qingzhao , Armbruster Paul , Ballard Richard
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic orthodontic brackets bonded to highly translucent zirconia surfaces following the use of two different primers.

Materials and methods:<Three types of highly translucent zirconia crowns, Cercon xt ML, e.max ZirCAD, and STML-ML Katana Zirconia, were milled, sandblasted, and primed using two zirconia primers, Monobond Etch and Prime and Z-Prime Plus. A ceramic bracket (Radiance) was bonded onto the facial surface of each crown. Shear bond strength was evaluated using a universal testing machine.

Results: There was no significant overall difference across the six experimental groups regarding shear bond strength. The use of the two tested zirconia primers resulted in comparable and clinically acceptable shear bond strengths.

Conclusions: Both tested zirconia primers were associated with adequate bond strength when bonding a ceramic orthodontic bracket to the three highly translucent zirconia substrates.
Prevalence and pattern of permanent tooth agenesis among multiracial orthodontic patients in Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria Nor Nadia , Kamarudin Yasmin , Seong Lim Ghee , Sulaiman Nur Shahirra , Atirah Anuar Siti Aisyah
Published: September 2021

Objective: To determine the prevalence and pattern of hypodontia among multiracial orthodontic patients in Malaysia.

Materials and methods: Digital panoramic radiographs of 813 patients were obtained from the records of the orthodontic clinic over five years (2014–2018). The presence of hypodontia was recorded and crosschecked with clinical notes. The association of gender and ethnicity was analysed using the Chi-squared test (p< 0.05).

Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 7.9%, with both mandibular and maxillary lateral incisors being most commonly and equally affected teeth at 17.9%. Three patients had up to five missing teeth. No severe hypodontia was recorded. The prevalence was highest among the Chinese (8.3%), followed by Malay (7.9%) and the Indian (6.3%) population. Gender and ethnicity were found not to be associated with hypodontia. The most common missing tooth for Malays was the mandibular central incisor, for the Chinese was the mandibular lateral incisor and for the Indian population was the mandibular second premolar.

Conclusion: The prevalence of hypodontia was 7.9%. The prevalence of hypodontia was 8.3% for the Chinese, 7.9% for Malay and 6.3% for the Indian population. The most common missing teeth were the mandibular and maxillary lateral incisors.
Condylar and ramal vertical asymmetry in patients with different vertical skeletal patterns
Authors: Bolat Esra , Alkis Humeyra Tercanli
Published: September 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate condylar, ramal and condylar+ramal mandibular vertical asymmetry in a group of patients with different vertical skeletal patterns.

Methods: Mandibular condylar and ramal measurements of 104 patients were performed on panoramic radiographic images and asymmetry indices were obtained according to the Habets’ formula. The study groups consisted of 35 hypodivergent, 34 normodivergent and 35 hyperdivergent patients. Data were statistically analysed by means of two-way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis and Pearson chi square tests.

Results: Ramal height was significantly higher in the hypodivergent group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the vertical skeletal pattern groups in relation to the asymmetry indices (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Condylar asymmetry values were found to be higher than a 3% threshold value in all groups, but no significant differences were observed between the groups. The effect of the vertical skeletal pattern on vertical mandibular asymmetry was found to be insignificant.
Evaluation of the trabecular structure of the mandibular condyles by fractal analysis in patients with different dentofacial skeletal patterns
Authors: Korkmaz Yasemin Nur , Arslan Semiha
Published: September 2021

Objective: An orthodontic malocclusion may affect the temporomandibular joint structures in susceptible individuals. This study aims to investigate the bone density of the mandibular condyles in patients presenting with different dentofacial skeletal patterns.

Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 200 randomly selected patients with a skeletal and dental Class I, Class II division 1, Class II division 2 and Class III malocclusion were evaluated. Bone density of the right and left mandibular condyles was measured using fractal analysis.

Results: No significant difference was detected between the right and left condyles in the various malocclusion groups. However, post-hoc tests showed that Class I patients had significantly higher FD values than Class III and Class II division 1 patients in both right and left condyles following intergroup comparisons. The only significant difference between the genders was detected in the left condyle of Class II division 1 patients, as male patients were found to have significantly higher FD values than females.

Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that Class II division 1 and Class III patients displayed significantly lower fractal dimension (FD) values in their mandibular condyles when compared to Class I patients. This might be associated with the possible presence of a temporomandibular disorder in Class II division I patients which resulted in changes to condylar structure, and with less bone complexity in the temporomandibular joint of older Class III patients likely due to continued condylar growth.
Innovative activity in the production of the military-industrial complex in the digital economy
Authors: Зайцев И.А. , Секерин В.Д.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассмотрено место инноваций в цифровой экономике. Рассмотрены тенденции развития инноваций в оборонно-промышленном комплексе. Приведена аналитика инноваций в ключевых областях: робототехнике, военном машиностроении, в сенсорных системах, военной логистике. Проведено сравнение России с другими странами, в частности по робототехнике описан опыт США и Германии. В области машиностроения рассмотрен опыт России, США и Южной Кореи. Приведена статистика военных расходов 20 стран.

The article considers the place of innovation in the digital economy. The trends in the development of innovations in the military-industrial complex are considered. The analytics of innovations in key areas: robotics, military engineering, in sensor systems, military logistics. Russia is compared with other countries, in particular, the experience of the USA and Germany is described in robotics. In the field of engineering, the experience of Russia, the USA and South Korea is considered. Statistics of military spending of 20 countries are given.
Dairy farming in the national food security infrastructure
Authors: Хабипов Р.Р. , Серебрякова Т.Ю. , Хмелев С.А.
Published: September 2021

В торговле молоком преобладает импорт над экспортом, что влияет на продовольственную безопасность страны. Обоснована возможность увеличения производства молока в России на основе структурных сдвигов среди видов организационно-правовых форм хозяйств, работающих в молочном животноводстве. Предложены меры по улучшению деловой активности в племенной работе и увеличению производства молока на основе внедрения инновационных проектов. Предлагается расширить предпринимательскую деятельность животноводов в молочном скотоводстве, повысить качество работы по увеличению доли племенного молочного скота.

The milk trade is dominated by imports over exports, which affects the country's food security. The possibility of increasing milk production in Russia is justified on the basis of structural changes among the types of organizational and legal forms of farms operating in dairy farming. Measures to improve business activity in breeding work and increase milk production based on the introduction of innovative projects are proposed. It is proposed to expand the entrepreneurial activity of livestock breeders in dairy cattle breeding, to improve the quality of work to increase the share of breeding dairy cattle.
Estimation the share of enterprises with high rates growth in number of employees according to data for 2020
Authors: Пиньковецкая Ю.С.
Published: September 2021

Цель статьи заключалась в оценке показателей, описывающих удельные веса быстрорастущих предприятий и предприятий с высоким потенциалом роста численности работников, в общем количестве активных предприятий по регионам России. Исследование основывалось на официальных статистических данных за 2020 год. В процессе исследования были изучены следующие показатели: удельный вес быстрорастущих предприятий, удельный вес предприятий с высоким потенциалом роста, удельный вес количества таких предприятий в общем количестве активных предприятий.

Aim of paper is to measure the indicators describing the specific weight of fast-growing enterprises and enterprises with a high potential for increase in quantity of workers in the whole quantity of active organizations in the regions of Russia. The study was based on official statistics for 2020. In the discussing research, such indicators were studied: the share of fast-growing enterprises, the share of enterprises with high growth potential, the share of quantity of that organizations in the whole quantity of active firms.
Analysis of the Development Potential of Creative Industries in Volgograd Region
Authors: Акимова О.Е. , Волков С.К. , Кузлаева И.М.
Published: September 2021

В статье проведен анализ потенциала развития креативных индустрий в сельских поселениях Волгоградской области, в ходе которого была выявлена неравномерность географического распределения креативных предприятий, а также их сосредоточенность в крупных городах. Определены экономические виды деятельности предприятий, являющиеся наиболее перспективными в условиях креативизации хозяйственной деятельности. Опровергнут тезис об отсутствии монополии на творческую деятельность и развитие креативной экономики у крупных городов в рамках Волгоградской области. Предложены меры по устранению структурных проблем, имеющихся в сельских территориях и препятствующих креативному развитию региона .

The article analyzes the potential for the development of creative industries in rural settlements of the Volgograd region, which revealed the uneven geographical distribution of creative enterprises, and their concentration in large cities. The economic activities of enterprises that are the most promising in the conditions of creativization of economic activity are identified. The thesis about the absence of a monopoly on creative activity and the development of the creative economy in large cities within the Volgograd region is refuted. Measures are proposed to eliminate the structural problems that exist in rural areas and hinder the creative development of the region.
The main trends of digital transformation in the economy of the EAEU countries
Authors: Сопилко Н.Ю. , Мясникова О.Ю.
Published: September 2021

В статье определена роль развития цифровизации для государств Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС), подчеркнута ее перспективность в контексте интеграционных процессов. Дана характеристика имеющихся предпосылок для развития цифровой экономики на пространстве ЕАЭС. Выделены основные тренды проведения цифровизации, определены стратегически важные сферы для ее внедрения в регионе ЕАЭС, а также рассмотрены имеющиеся барьеры, препятствующие этому процессу. Отмечено, что принятие цифровой повестки откроет новые возможности для развития общих рынков государств ЕАЭС и позволит получать дополнительные конкурентные преимущества.

The role of digitalization development in economy of the EAEU countries is noted in the paper. Its urgency and prospects are emphasized in the context of integration processes of the region. The characteristics of existing prerequisites for digital economy development in the EAEU space are performed. The main trends of digitalization are identified, strategically important areas for its implementation in the EAEU region are described, and the existing barriers are considered. It is concluded that the adoption of digital agenda will open up new opportunities for common markets development of the EAEU members and it will allow obtaining additional competitive advantages.
Assessment of indicators of innovation activity and implementation of the policy of state support for small innovative business in the Russian Federation
Authors: Абдулвагапова А.А.
Published: September 2021

В статье представлены результаты оценки внешних и внутренних факторов, оказывающих влияние на реальный объем инновационных товаров, работ и услуг посредством построения модели по панельным данным за 2011-2018 годы по семидесяти двум регионам Российской Федерации. Было выявлено приблизительно тождественное влияния численности научно-исследовательского персонала и вводимых в действие общих площадей жилых домов на зависимую переменную. Также представлены результаты проведенного опроса собственников малого бизнеса на предмет выявления факторов-ограничителей, препятствующих инновационной деятельности.

The article presents the results of assessing external and internal factors that influence the real volume of innovative goods, works and services by building a model based on panel data for 2011-2018 for seventy-two regions of the Russian Federation. It was found that the influence of the number of research personnel and the total area of residential buildings put into operation on the dependent variable was approximately identical. Also presented are the results of a survey of small business owners in order to identify factors-constraints that impede innovation.
Research on the demand for reference legal systems in Russia using Power BI
Authors: Царькова Н.И. , Тарасов А.Н.
Published: September 2021

Основная цель статьи состоит в обработке больших данных, генерируемых компаниями, разрабатывающие справочные правовые системы. Задача заключается в визуализации количества клиентов, сегментированных по городам для исследования распространённости справочных правовых систем в регионе. В качестве инструмента обработки больших данных и визуализации полученных итогов используется продукт компании Microsoft - Power BI. Авторы анализируют уникальные значения количества клиентов, в зависимости от города и выявляют регионы с наименьшим количеством пользователей. В заключении были подведены итоги исследования и разработаны планы на дальнейшую работу с использованием полученных результатов.

The main purpose of the article is to process big data generated by companies that develop reference legal systems. The task is to visualize the number of clients segmented by city to study the prevalence of reference legal systems in the region. Microsoft's Power BI product is used as a tool for processing big data and visualizing the results. The authors analyze the unique values of the number of customers, depending on the city, and identify the regions with the lowest number of users. In conclusion, the results of the study were summarized and plans were developed for further work using the results obtained.
Theoretical aspects of obtaining a helical surface from a thin strip during sheet stamping
Authors: Скрябин М.Л.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассмотрены теоретические аспекты получения винтовой поверхности из тонкой полосы при листовой штамповке. Также предложена модель для расчета компонентов напряженно-деформированного состояния полосы и отдельных технологических параметров. Для удобства расчетов предполагается, что полоса имеет достаточную длину и угол закручивания по всей длине полосы одинаков. Несмотря на значительные упрощения геометрического характера, задача о кручении полосы остается сложной, вследствие двумерности напряженного состояния, геометрической и физической нелинейности процесса деформирования. Ее дальнейшее решение целесообразно основывать на методе конечных элементов, ориентируясь на применение ЭВМ. Для замыкания системы уравнений, описывающих поведение дискретной модели полосы на шаге нагружения, необходимо связать напряжения и малые приращения деформаций в середине каждого элемента. Для этого используем теорию пластического течения, пренебрегая упругими составляющими деформаций вследствие их малости по сравнению с большими пластическими деформациями.

The article deals with the theoretical aspects of obtaining a helical surface from a thin strip during sheet stamping. A model is also proposed for calculating the components of the stress-strain state of the strip and individual technological parameters. For convenience of calculations, it is assumed that the strip has a sufficient length and the angle of twisting along the entire length of the strip is the same. Despite significant geometric simplifications, the problem of band torsion remains complex due to the two-dimensionality of the stress state, the geometric and physical nonlinearity of the deformation process. Its further solution should be based on the finite element method, focusing on the use of computers. To close the system of equations describing the behavior of the discrete band model at the loading step, it is necessary to relate the stresses and small increments of deformations in the middle of each element. To do this, we use the theory of plastic flow, neglecting the elastic components of deformations due to their smallness in comparison with large plastic deformations.
Heating of cryogenic fuel under forced fluctuations inside tank of the rockets propulsion system
Authors: Бершадский В.А.
Published: September 2021

Приведены анализ и обобщение результатов экспериментальных работ по прогреву криогенной жидкости, имитирующих условия работы системы топливоподачи двигательной установки, которые возбуждают колебания топлива в баке. Получены эмпирические зависимости для расчётного определения интенсивности прогрева компонента топлива и деформации поля температуры в объёме бака при вынужденных низкочастотных колебаниях поверхности раздела жидкой и газовой фаз.

The analysis and generalization of the results of experimental work on the heating of cryogenic liquid are expound, simulating the operating conditions of the fuel supply system of the propulsion system, which forced fluctuations of fuel in the tank.The empirical dependences for the calculated determination of the intensity of heating of the fuel component and the deformation of the temperature field in the tank volume are obtained on the forced low-frequency fluctuations of the liquid and gas phase interface.
Accuracy of measuring the frequency and time of arrival of a useful signal in aviation and space-rocket radio systems at presence of additive and multiplicative interference with low level
Authors: Артюшенко В.М. , Воловач В.И.
Published: September 2021

Произведена оценка влияния флуктуационных стационарных мультипликативных помех, действующих одновременного с аддитивными помехами, на точность измерения неэнергетических параметров информационных сигналов. Показано, что мультипликативная помеха низкого уровня оказывает более сильное влияние на точность измерения времени прихода, чем на точность измерения частоты полезного сигнала. Осуществлена количественная оценка влияния мультипликативной помехи на точность измерения неэнергетических параметров полезного сигнала.

The influence of fluctuating stationary multiplicative interference acting simultaneously with additive interference on the accuracy of measurement of non-energy parameters of information signals is estimated. It is shown that low-level multiplicative interference has a stronger effect on the accuracy of the arrival time measurement than on the accuracy of the useful signal frequency measurement. A quantitative assessment of the effect of multiplicative interference on the accuracy of measurement of non-energy parameters of the useful signal is carried out.
Edge embedding of ontology graphs as a tool for analysis and generation of new data
Authors: Мосалов О.П.
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрено несколько способов формирования векторных представлений рёбер в графе онтологии. Проведены вычислительные эксперименты по предсказанию новых рёбер с использованием этих способов. Предложены две метрики для сравнения алгоритмов генерации новых рёбер. Продемонстрирован алгоритм, который может использоваться в качестве базового в дальнейших исследованиях.

Several methods of building of edge embedding in ontology graphs are considered. Computational experiments to predict new edges by the proposed methods are fulfilled. Two metrics for edge generation algorithms are suggested. An algorithm that can be used as a baseline is demonstrated.
Analysis of the possibilities of integrating BIM modeling software with an office application
Authors: Суркова Л.Е. , Давыдов Д.В.
Published: September 2021

В работе дано понятие информационного моделирования зданий, рассмотрена программа Revit и ее возможности по формированию спецификаций и интеграции со сторонними офисными приложениями, например Excel. Особый интерес представляет оформление таких спецификаций по требованиям ГОСТ. Произведен обзор программного обеспечения, осуществляющего взаимодействие Revit c Excel зарубежных и отечественных разработчиков, выделены сильные и слабые стороны. Определены направления дальнейших разработок программ интеграции при использовании в отечественных проектных организациях - выгрузку в спецификации, соответствующие ГОСТ.

This paper introduces the concept of Building Information Modeling, examines the Revit program and its capabilities for specifications generation and integration with office applications, such as Excel. Of particular interest is the design of specifications in accordance with the requirements of GOST. There is a review of the software that interacts between Revit and Excel, strengths and weaknesses of which are highlighted. The directions for further development of integration programs when used in domestic design organizations are determined - exporting into generated specifications corresponding to GOST.
Features of mechanical processing of wood composites
Authors: Абразумов В.В. , Спирин Б.Л.
Published: September 2021

В работе рассмотрены особенности резания древесных композиционных материалов в сравнении с обработкой металлических сплавов. Рассмотрены вопросы влияния режимов резания на температуру передней и задней поверхностей инструмента при цилиндрическом фрезеровании цементно-стружечных плит. Представлены графические зависимости распределения температур на контактных поверхностях резца.

The paper considers the features of cutting wood composite materials in comparison with the processing of metal alloys. The questions of the influence of cutting modes on the temperature of the front and back surfaces of the tool during cylindrical milling of cement-chipboard are considered. Graphical dependences of the temperature distribution on the contact surfaces of the cutter are presented.
Development of a method for siliconizing high-density graphite of the MPG grade
Authors: Ерошенко В.Д. , Овчинников А.Н. , Васильев А.Н.
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрен способ силицирования высокоплотного графита марки МПГ; показано, что процесс силицирования протекает на всю глубину заготовки и кремний равномерно распределяется по объему поры, при этом карбид кремния распределяется по поверхности, в то время как кремний остается в остальном объеме поры; исследованы физико-механические характеристики и фазовый состав графита после силицирования; показано, что такой силицированный графит возможно использовать в качестве нагревателей вакуумных печей, а также в химических источников тока.

A method of siliconizing high-density graphite of the MPG grade is considered; it is shown that the siliconizing process proceeds to the entire depth of the workpiece and silicon is evenly distributed over the pore volume, while silicon carbide is distributed over the surface, while silicon remains in the rest of the pore volume; investigated the physical and mechanical characteristics and phase composition of graphite after siliconizing; it is shown that such siliconized graphite can be used as heaters for vacuum furnaces, as well as in chemical current sources.
Failure propagation in interdependent multi-level networks
Authors: Брусков А.А.
Published: September 2021

В этой работе разрабатываются новый подход и алгоритмические инструменты для моделирования и анализа живучести сетей с разнородными узлами, а также рассматривается их применение в космических сетях. Космические сети позволяют совместно использовать ресурсы космических аппаратов на орбите, такие как хранение, обработка и обмен данными. Каждый космический аппарат в сети может иметь различный состав и функциональность подсистем, что приводит к неоднородности узлов. Большинство традиционных анализов живучести сетей предполагают однородность узлов и в результате не подходят для анализа космических сетей. Эта работа предполагает, что гетерогенные сети могут быть смоделированы как взаимозависимые многоуровневые сети, что позволяет проводить анализ их живучести. Многоуровневый аспект фиксирует разбивку сети в соответствии с общими функциональными возможностями в различных узлах и позволяет создавать однородные подсети, в то время как аспект взаимозависимости ограничивает сеть для захвата физических характеристик каждого узла.

In this paper, we develop a new approach and algorithmic tools for modeling and analyzing the survivability of networks with heterogeneous nodes, and also consider their application in space networks. Space networks allow the sharing of spacecraft resources in orbit, such as data storage, processing, and exchange. Each spacecraft in the network may have a different composition and functionality of subsystems, which leads to heterogeneity of nodes. Most traditional network survivability analyses assume node homogeneity and as a result are not suitable for space network analysis. This work suggests that heterogeneous networks can be modeled as interdependent multi-level networks, allowing analysis of their survivability. The multi-level aspect captures the network breakdown according to the common functionality in different nodes and allows for the creation of homogeneous subnets, while the interdependence aspect restricts the network to capture the physical characteristics of each node.
Lysathia CTs, LTs, DDM
Authors: Owen Candice , Coetzee Julie , Martin Grant , Goddard Mathew
Published: September 2021

The CTLs, LLTs and DDM were determined for Lysathia n. sp. in South Africa. Results indicated that the species can tolerate exposure to sub-zero temperatures before death, complete multiple generations per year at sites around South Africa and that it develops quickly in cool conditions. All of these data explain why the agent was so successful at controlling its target weed throughout South Africa and suggest that it could be an agent to consider for release in other cold invaded sites on the American and European continents.
Cost stickiness and firm profitability: A study in Saudi Arabian industries
Authors: Ahmed Hashed Abdullah Abdulwahid
Published: September 2021

This study examined the impact of cost stickiness on firm profitability in different industrial sectors in Saudi Arabia. The sample size for the study consists of 102 companies listed on Tadawul (Saudi Stock Exchange) from 2009 to 2018. The study estimated a panel regression using pooled OLS, fixed and random effects, and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The variable Return on Investment (ROI) is used as a proxy to measure a firm’s profitability. The results of all the three models are similar to each other. The study found a negative and significant correlation between profitability and cost stickiness, indicating firms’ inability to control the selling, general and administrative costs (SG&A), ultimately leading to lower profits. In addition, firm size is positively associated with profitability, indicating that larger firms are more profitable compared to smaller ones, while the leverage is negatively related to profitability, indicating that companies have higher debts.
Potentials of Multicultural Education in Communal Conflict Areas
Authors: Kurniawan Syamsul , Miftah Muhammad
Published: September 2021

This study focuses on understanding communal conflicts in Indonesia, which are triggered by stereotyping. Indonesians have undergone communal conflicts, especially in the late 1990s. The conflicts were mainly religious and ethnic, suggesting serious tensions in stereotyping between religious and ethnic groups. In this case, the paper seeks to underline the importance of multicultural education in the school context. Education is considered having a strategic role in building positive circumstances among people. Multicultural education is expected to minimize the possibility of building negative stereotyping of one person against another, which could cause conflict. This qualitative study incorporates a literature review of multicultural education and communal conflicts in the Indonesian context.
Teaching Religious Character Education in Pre-School in the Era of Pandemic
Authors: Kuswandi Mar'atussholihah , Rohman Arif , Hediansah Disa
Published: September 2021

This study describes the learning process of religious-based character education at TK ABA Berbah, Sleman, during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study incorporates a qualitative research method with a descriptive case study approach. Findings suggest that the school implemented blended learning activities in which lessons are conducted online and offline. Habituation became a key activity during the offline session. The involvement of parents contributed to the success of learning during the pandemic, set an example, and monitor their kids at home. Blended learning provided an increase in the communication's intensity and the relationship between parents, children, and teachers so that teaching and learning religious-based character education can be conducted appropriately amid the Covid-19 pandemic.
Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline by Phosphorus-doped carbon nitride tube combined with peroxydisulfate under visible light irradiation
Authors: Zheng Kai , Chen Jianan , Gao Xue , Cao Xiaoqing , Wu Shan , Su Jixin
Published: September 2021

Photocatalysis has been regarded as a kind of environmentally friendly advanced oxidation process to eliminate pollutants. In this work, Phosphorus-doped carbon nitride tube (PCN) was synthesized via a hydrothermal calcination method and applied to degrade tetracycline (TC) through combing with peroxydisulfate (PDS) under visible light irradiation. Experimental results showed that the optimized catalysts PCN-5 exhibited superior degradation performance and reusability for TC degradation. 96.4% TC could be degraded for optimal PCN-5 with 0.3 g·L−1 catalysts and 1.0 g·L−1 PDS under visible light within 60 min. In addition, the degradation rate constant for TC of PCN + PDS + Vis system was still above 85% after five uses. Radical trapping experiment indicating that O2·− is the dominant radical for TC degradation. The findings of this work revealed the potential application of the PCN + PDS + Vis system toward degrading contaminants in wastewater.
New Insights into Neuropeptides Regulation of the Immune System and Hemopoiesis: Effects on Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Allegra Alessandro , Sant’Antonio Emanuela , Musolino Caterina , Ettari Roberta
Published: September 2021

:

Several neurotransmitters and neuropeptides were reported to join to or to cooperate with different cells of the immune system, bone marrow, and peripheral cells and numerous data support that neuroactive molecules might control immune system activity and hemopoiesis operating on lymphoid organs, and the primary hematopoietic unit, the hematopoietic niche. Furthermore, many compounds seem to be able to take part to the leukemogenesis and lymphomagenesis process, and in the onset of multiple myeloma. In this review, we will assess the possibility that neurotransmitters and neuropeptides may have a role in the onset of haematological neoplasms, may affect the response to treatment or may represent a useful starting point for a new therapeutic approach. More in vivo investigations are needed to evaluate neuropeptide’s role in haematological malignancies and the possible utilization as an antitumor therapeutic target. Comprehending the effect of the pharmacological administration of neuropeptide modulators on hematologic malignancies opens up new possibilities in curing clonal hematologic diseases to achieve more satisfactory outcomes.
Effects of Alpha-lipoic Acid Supplementation on Human Diabetic Nephropathy:
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Vakali Elena , Rigopoulos Dimitrios , Carrillo Andres E. , Flouris Andreas D. , Dinas Petros C.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is kidney dysfunction, which occurs due to elevated
urine albumin excretion rate and reduced glomerular filtration rate. Studies on animals have
shown that alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation can reduce the development of DN.

Objectives:

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of ALA
supplementation on biological indices (albumin, creatinine, etc.) indicative of human DN.

Methods:

The search procedure included PubMed Central, Embase, Cochrane Library (trials), and
Web of Science (protocol registration: INPLASY202060095).

Results:

We found that ALA supplementation decreased 24h urine albumin excretion rate in patients
with diabetes (standardized mean difference=-2.27; confidence interval (CI)=(-4.09)-(-0.45);
I2=98%; Z=2.44; p=0.01). A subgroup analysis revealed that the results of studies examining only
ALA did not differ from those examined ALA in combination with additional medicines (Chisquared=
0.19; p=0.66; I2=0%), while neither ALA nor ALA plus medication had an effect on 24h
urine albumin excretion rate (p>0.05). Also, ALA supplementation decreased urine albumin mg/l
(mean difference (MD)=-12.95; CI=(-23.88)-(-2.02); I2=44%; Z=2.32; p=0.02) and urine albumin
to creatinine ratio (MD=-26.96; CI=(-35.25)-(-18.67); I2=0%; Z=6.37; p<0.01) in patients with diabetes.
When the studies examining ALA plus medication were excluded, it was found that ALA
supplementation had no effect on urine albumin mg/l (p>0.05) but did significantly decrease urine
albumin to creatinine ratio (MD=-25.88, CI=(34.40-(-17.36), I2=0%, Z=5.95, p<0.00001).

Conclusion:

The available evidence suggests that ALA supplementation does not improve biological
indices that reflect DN in humans. Overall, we identified limited evidence, and therefore, the
outcomes should be considered with caution.
Direct (New) Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs): Drawbacks, Bleeding and Reversal
Authors: Karcioglu Ozgur , Zengin Sehmus , Ozkaya Bilgen , Ersan Eylem , Yilmaz Sarper , Afacan Goksu , Abuska Derya , Hosseinzadeh Mandana , Yeniocak Selman
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective:

Direct (new) Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged
as a contemporary and promising option in the treatment of thromboses and VTE, while protecting
the coagulation cascade against untoward bleeding events. They are used in the management and
prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) and other thrombotic diseases. The most prominent
complication of these agents is bleeding. These agents have similar or lower rates of major intracranial
hemorrhages, while they had a higher risk of major gastrointestinal bleeding when compared
to warfarin. This manuscript is aimed to revise and update the literature findings to outline
the side effects of DOACs in various clinical scenarios.

Methods:

A narrative review of currently published studies was performed. Online database searches
were performed for clinical trials published before July 2021, on the efficacy and adverse effects
attributed to the anticoagulant treatment, especially DOACs. A literature search via electronic
databases was carried out, beginning with the usage of the agents in the Western Languages papers.
The search terms initially included direct (new) oral anticoagulants, dabigatran, rivaroxaban,
apixaban, edoxaban, idarucizumab, andexanet, prothrombin complex concentrates, and fresh
frozen plasma. Papers were examined for methodological soundness before being included.

Results:

Severe bleeding episodes require aggressive interventions for successful management.
Therefore, bleeding should be evaluated in special regard to the location and rate of hemorrhage,
and total volume of blood loss. Patient's age, weight and organ dysfunctions (e.g., kidney/liver failure
or chronic respiratory diseases) directly affect the clinical course of overdose.

Conclusion:

Management recommendations for hemorrhage associated with DOAC use vary, depending
on the class of the culprit agent (direct thrombin inhibitor vs. FXa inhibitor), the clinical
status of the patient (mild/ moderate vs. severe/life-threatening), and capabilities of the institution.
Specific reversal agents (i.e., idarucizumab and andexanet alfa) can be used if available, while prothrombin
complex concentrates, fresh frozen plasma and/ or tranexamic acid can also be employed
as nonspecific replacement agents in the management of DOAC-related bleeding diathesis.
DINAMIKA POPULASI WERENG BATANG COKLAT Nilaparvata lugens Stal (HEMIPTERA: DELPHACIDAE) DAN PREDATOR GENERALIS PADA PERTANAMAN PADI PASCA PENERAPAN REKAYASA EKOSISTEM
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Nawab al , Mudjiono Gatot , Rachmawati Rina
Published: September 2021

Rekayasa ekologi melalui manipulasi habitat merupakan bentuk konservasi ekologi yang bertujuan melestarikan keberadaan musuh alami, salah satunya golongan predator generalis. Usaha ini merupakan strategi PHT untuk menangani masalah WBC (Nilaparvata lugens). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati perkembangan populasi WBC dan predator generalis pasca penerapan rekayasa ekosistem. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan persawahan Desa Tejoasri, Laren, Lamongan dengan mengamati populasi WBC, predator umum, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman, dan analisis usahatani. Plot PHT berbasis rekayasa ekosistem (PHT-RE), PHT konvensional (PHT), dan budidaya konvensional digunakan untuk memperoleh data. Hasil rerata populasi WBC pada perlakuan PHT-RE (8,73 ekor) , berbeda sedikit dengan hasil plot PHT (8,55 ekor), namun hasil keduanya jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sistem konvensional (14,27 ekor). Predator generalis yang ditemukan pada saat pengamatan terdiri dari laba-laba, capung, kumbang kubah (Coccinelidae), kumbang botol (Ophionea indica), dan Paederus sp. Jenis predator spesialis juga ditemukan yaitu Cyrtorhinus lividipennis. Populasi predator generalis tertinggi ditemukan pada petak PHT-RE (1069 ekor), diikuti petak PHT (656 ekor) dan konvensional (426 ekor). Nilai BCR yang diperoleh pada perlakuan PHT-RE, PHT, dan konvensional berturut-turut yaitu 3,78, 3,25, dan 1,84.
Многосекционные термоэлементы, преимущества и проблемы их создания
Authors: Штерн М.Ю.
Published: September 2021

In this work, the ways of increasing the efficiency of thermoelectric generators are considered. These include an increase in the figure of merit of thermoelectric materials, as well as an increase in the temperature difference between hot and cold junctions of thermoelements and, accordingly, the range of their operating temperatures. The expediency of using thermoelements with multi-section legs has been substantiated. For their creation, effective thermoelectric materials with operating temperatures in the range of 300-1200 K have been proposed. A technique for modeling such thermoelements has been developed. Structures and materials of effective contact systems for multi-section thermoelements have been proposed, a technology for their manufacture has been developed. Ways of switching sections in thermoelement legs are considered. The thermal expansion of thermoelectric materials is investigated and a method for damping thermal stresses in the design of a thermoelement is proposed. The problem of thermoelectric material sublimation at high temperatures was solved by using protective coatings.
Температурные зависимости электропроводности и магнитной восприимчивости кристаллов твердых растворов Sb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Степанов Н.П. , Наливкин В.Ю. , Гильфанов А.К. , Калашников А.А. , Трубицына Е.Н.
Published: September 2021

Solid solutions Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 continue to be the subject of numerous and versatile experimental studies due to their practical importance for thermoelectric materials science. In this regard, the problem of studying the regularities of changes in the state of the electronic system of these semiconductors from composition and temperature remains urgent. This paper presents the results of studying the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 crystals containing 10, 25, 40, 50, 60 mol. % Sb2Te3. The correlation of the behavior of the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility and electrical conductivity is analyzed.
Структурные и фотоэлектрические свойства тонких пленок оксида цинка на подложке танталата лития
Authors: Григорьев Л.В. , Семенов А.А. , Михайлов А.В.
Published: September 2021

Представлены результаты исследования структурных и фотоэлектрических свойств тонкопленочной структуры ZnО-LiTaO3. Приведены результаты рентгеноструктурного анализа и данных атомно-силовой микроскопии для пленок оксида цинка, синтезированных на подложке из монокристаллического танталата лития и на подложке из полированного кварца КУ-1. Приведена спектральная зависимость фотоэлектрического тока тонкопленочной структуры ZnО-LiTaO3 и структуры ZnO-кварц в ультрафиолетовом и видимом диапазонах спектра. Представлены результаты восстановления методом регуляризации Тихонова-Лаврентьева энергетического спектра оптически активных дефектов, присутствующих в структуре ZnО-LiTaO3. Ключевые слова: тонкие пленки, оксид цинка, лазерная абляция, сегнетоэлектрические материалы, фотопроводимость, рентгеноструктурный анализ, атомно-силовая микроскопия, регуляризация Тихонова--Лаврентьева.
Свойства полупроводниковых коллоидных квантовых точек, полученных в условиях управляемого синтеза
Authors: Жуков Н.Д. , Смирнова Т.Д. , Хазанов А.А. , Цветкова О.Ю. , Штыков С.Н.
Published: September 2021

Исследовано влияние технологических параметров синтеза на структурно-физические свойства коллоидных квантовых точек на основе сульфида свинца, антимонида индия и селенида кадмия. Использование несольватирующего для прекурсора неметалла растворителя позволяет получить медленный, управляемый процесс и детально проследить все стадии кристаллизации наночастиц --- нуклеацию и рост, оствальдовское созревание, неконтролируемое разрастание. Удается получать кристаллиты совершенной структуры и размеров с минимальными разбросами --- не более ±10%. Установлено при этом, что максимальные размеры наночастиц ограничены термодинамическими условиями роста и имеют величину ~ 5 нм. Кроме того, квантовые точки проявляют ряд специфических свойств --- аномальную температурную зависимость фотолюминесценции и нестабильность вольт-амперной характеристики, которым дано объяснение в модели размерного квантования энергии и импульса неравновесных электронов. Для разных вариантов полупроводников особенности проявляются значительней с увеличением параметров размерного квантования. Ключевые слова: коллоидный синтез, коллоидная квантовая точка, кинетическая и термодинамическая модели, сольватирующий растворитель, быстрая и медленная кристаллизация, кристаллическая и зонная структура, параметры размерного квантования, фотолюминесцентные и вольт-амперные характеристики.
Высокоэффективные (EQE=37.5%) инфракрасные (850 нм) светодиоды с брэгговским и зеркальным отражателями
Authors: Малевская А.В. , Калюжный Н.А. , Минтаиров С.А. , Салий Р.А. , Малевский Д.А. , Нахимович М.В. , Ларионов В.Р. , Покровский П.В. , Шварц М.З. , Андреев В.М.
Published: September 2021

Developed and investigated are IR (850nm) light-emitting diodes based on AlGaAs/Ga(In)As heterostructures grown by the MOC-hydride epitaxy technique with multiple quantum wells in the active region and with a double optical reflector consisted of a multilayer Al0.9Ga0.1As/Al0.1Ga0.9As Bragg heterostructure and an Ag mirror layer. Light-emitting diodes with the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 37.5% at current densities greater than 10A/cm2 have been fabricated.