bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Matchmr: Exploring the Effects of Scale and Color Differences on Users’ Perception in Mixed Reality Devices
Authors: Shin Kwang-seong , Kim Howon , Jo Dongsik
Published: August 2019

With continued technological innovation in the fields of mixed reality (MR), wearable-type MR devices, such as helmets, have been released and are frequently used in various fields, such as entertainment, training, and education. However, because each product has different parts and specifications in terms of the design and manufacturing process, users feel that the virtual objects overlaying real environments in MR are visualized differently depending on the scale and color used by the MR device. In this paper, we compare the effect of scale and color parameters on users’ perception in using different types of MR devices to improve MR experience. We conducted two experiments (scale and color), and our experimental study showed that the subjects who participated in the scale perception experiment clearly tended to underestimate virtual objects, compared with real objects, and overestimate color in MR environments. [MM1]Please confirm meaning.
Are Tropical Reptiles Really Declining? A Six-year Survey of Snakes in Drake Bay, Costa Rica, and the Role of Temperature, Rain and Light
Authors: Barquero-González José Pablo , Stice Tracie L. , Gómez Gianfranco , Monge-Najera Julian
Published: August 2019

Introduction: studies in the last two decades have found declining snake populations in both temperate and tropical sites, including informal reports from Drake Bay, Costa Rica. Objective: to investigate if reports of decreasing snake populations in Drake Bay had a real basis, and if environmental factors, particularly temperature, rain and light, have played a role in that decrease. Methods: we worked at Drake Bay from 2012 through 2017 and made over 4000 h of transect counts. Using head flashlights we surveyed a transect covered by lowland tropical rainforest at an altitude of 12–38 m above sea level, near the Agujas River, mostly at 1930–2200 hours. We counted all the snakes that we could see along the transect. Results: snake counts increase from August to September and then decline rapidly. The May snakes/rainfall peaks coincide, but the second snake peak occurs one month before the rain peak; we counted more snakes in dry nights, with the exception of Imantodes cenchoa which was equally common despite rain conditions. We saw less Leptodeira septentrionalis on bright nights, but all other species were unaffected. Along the six years, the number of species with each diet type remained relatively constant, but the number of individuals declined sharply for those that feed on amphibians and reptiles. We report Rhadinella godmani, a highland species, at 12–38 m of altitude. Conclusion: night field counts of snakes in Drake Bay, Costa Rica, show a strong decline from 2012 through 2017.
Triglycine-Based Approach for Identifying the Substrate Recognition Site of an Enzyme
Authors: Nam Ki Hyun
Published: August 2019

Various peptides or non-structural amino acids are recognized by their specific target proteins and perform biological role in various pathways in vivo. Understanding the interactions between target protein and peptides (or non-structural amino acids) provides key information on the molecular interactions, which can be potentially translated to the development of novel drugs. However, it is experimentally challenging to determine the crystal structure of protein-peptide complexes. To obtain structural information on substrate recognition of peptide-recognizing enzyme, X-ray crystallographic studies were performed using triglycine (Gly-Gly-Gly) as main-chain of peptide. The crystal structure of Parengyodontium album Proteinase K in complex with triglcyine was determined at 1.4 Å resolution. Two different bound conformations of triglycine were observed at the substrate recognition site. The triglycine backbone forms stable interactions with β5-α4 and α5-β6 loops of main-chain. One of the triglycine-binding conformations was identical with the binding mode of a peptide-based inhibitor from a previously reported crystal structure of Proteinase K. Triglycine has potential application X-ray crystallography to identify substrate recognition sites in peptide binding enzymes.
Mode Splitting Induced by Mesoscopic Electron Dynamics in Strongly Coupled Metal Nanoparticles on Dielectric Substrates
Authors: Kluczyk-Korch Katarzyna , Jacak Lucjan , Jacak Witold , David Christin
Published: August 2019

We study strong optical coupling of metal nanoparticle arrays with dielectric substrates. Based on the Fermi Golden Rule, the particle-substrate coupling is derived in terms of the photon absorption probability assuming a local dipole field. An increase in photocurrent gain is achieved through the optical coupling. In addition, we describe light-induced, mesoscopic electron dynamics via the nonlocal hydrodynamic theory of charges. At small nanoparticle size (<20nm), the impact of this type of spatial dispersion becomes sizable. Both absorption and scattering cross section of the nanoparticle are significantly increased through the contribution of additional nonlocal modes. We observe a splitting of local optical modes spanning several tenths of nanometers. This is a signature of semi-classical, strong optical coupling via the dynamic Stark effect, known as Autler-Townes splitting. The photocurrent generated in this description is increased by up to 2%, which agrees better with recent experiments than compared to identical classical setups with up to 6%. Both, the expressions derived for the particle-substrate coupling and the additional hydrodynamic equation for electrons are integrated into COMSOL for our simulations.
Reynolds Turbulence Solution
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: August 2019

The study found an error in current literature, including textbooks, about the number of unknowns in the Reynolds stress tensor and/or in Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS). Current literature claims that the Reynolds stress tensor has six unknowns; however, this article shows that the Reynolds stress tensor only has three unknowns, namely the three components of fluctuation velocity. This research discovers that the misconception about the number of unknowns in the RANS could stem from misinterpreting the Reynolds stress tensor. The misconception might be one of the biggest scientific mistake in classical physics and has hampered the development of turbulence for longtime. In order to find a way out of this difficult situation, we return to the time of Reynolds in 1895 and revisit Reynolds' averaging formulation of turbulence. In light of Reynolds' deterministic view on turbulence, this paper proposes a general algorithm for three dimensional turbulence flows. The study found that the magnitude of velocity fluctuations or turbulence is proportional to the flow pressure, which is a remarkable discovery. As applications, the Reynolds turbulence solution of the turbulent Burgers equation and the Prandtl boundary layer equations have been obtained, the beauty of these relevant solutions is that there is no adjustable parameters. The present investigation can be considered as a renaissance of Reynolds' work in 1895, which might shed light on the well-known closure problem of turbulence, and help to understand the puzzle of the turbulence closure problem that has eluded scientists and mathematicians for centuries.
Ethnic disparity in pneumonia-specific mortality among children under 5 years of age in Sichuan Province of Western China from 2010 to 2017
Authors: Luo Min , Zhao Ziling , He Linkun , Su Bingzhong , Liu Weixin , Zhang Gang
Published: August 2019

Bacground:To reveal the ethnic disparity in the pneumonia-specific mortality rates of children under the age of five years(PU5MRs) and provide suggestions regarding priority interventions to reduce preventable under-five-years-of-age deaths.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Direct Report System of Maternal and Child Health in Sichuan. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to assess the time trend. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and Chi-square test were used to examine the differences in the PU5MRs among different groups.
Results: The PU5MRs in the minority and nonminority counties decreased by 53.73% and 42.34% from 2010 to 2017, respectively. The PU5MRs of the minority counties were 4.81 times higher than those of the nonminority counties in 2017. The proportion of pneumonia deaths to total deaths in Sichuan Province increased from 11.65% in 2010 to 15.47% in 2017. The pneumonia-specific mortality rates of children in the categories of 0-28 days, 29days-11 months, and 12-59 months were reduced by 55.13%, 38.76%, and 65.55%, respectively, in the minority counties and by 35.49%, 43.08%, and 43.74%, respectively, in the nonminority counties.
Conclusions: PU5MRs declined in Sichuan, especially in the minority counties, while ethnic disparity still exists. Priority should be given to strategies for preventing and controlling child pneumonia, especially for postneonates, in the minority counties.
Muscle building supplement use in Australian adolescent boys: Cross-sectional relationships with body image, weight lifting, and sports engagement
Authors: Yager Zali , McLean Sian A
Published: August 2019

Background: The extent and implications of muscle building protein supplement use among adolescents is relatively unknown. We aim to present the prevalence of protein powder, creatine, and anabolic steroid use in a sample of 14-16 year-old boys in Australia, and the predictors of use, and intentions to use protein powder.
Methods: Data were obtained from questionnaires with N=237 Australian adolescent boys aged 14-16 years from one independent boy’s school in Melbourne Australia. Hierarchical linear and logistic regressions were used to determine the predictors of intentions to use, and actual use of protein powder, respectively.
Results: 49.8% of boys reported current use of, and 62% intended to use protein powder; 8.4% used creatine, and 4.2% used anabolic steroids. Higher levels of participation in drive for muscularity, weight training, and playing a greater number of sports were significant predictors of higher current use and higher intentions to use protein powder, but age, BMI, body esteem, and ethnicity were not.
Conclusions: Prevalence of muscle building supplement use was relatively high among this adolescent population. This research has implications for intervention and prevention programs to educate young boys about muscle building supplements to reduce negative physical and psychological health effects of their use.
Hepatectomy versus TILA-TACE in the treatment of Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Feng Yangyang , Jin Yun , Jin Kai , Yu Yuanquan , Zhou Donger , Wu Jianjun , Li Bin , Zhang Guangqiang , Peng Shuyou , Qi Xiaogang , Geng Hao , Guo Yinghao , Chao Ming , Li Jiangtao
Published: August 2019

Abstract Background: Hepatectomy and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) are common treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting intratumoral lactic acidosis TACE (TILA-TACE) is a new therapeutic approach developed by our team that has superior response rate and effective rate than conventional TACE (cTACE). In this randomized-controlled trial, we will compare the efficacy of hepatectomy and TILA-TACE in patients clinically diagnosed with HCC to provide reliable clinical data for the subsequent effective treatment of HCC patients. Methods: A total of 230 resectable HCC patients will be given hepatectomy or TILA-TACE using a parallel-controlled approach, and the efficacy of the treatments Page 4 of 24 will be compared. The primary endpoint is the post-treatment progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients, and the secondary endpoints are the post-treatment overall survival (OS), 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival, and the quality of life of the patients at each corresponding stage. Discussion: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of hepatectomy and TILA-TACE in the treatment of resectable HCC. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03314532.Registered on 19 October 2017. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hepatectomy, TACE, TILA-TACE, Randomized-controlled study.
TRIal to slow the Progression Of Diabetes (TRIPOD): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial using wireless technology and incentives
Authors: Lim Robyn Su May , Gardner Daphne Su Lyn , Bee Yong Mong , Cheung Yin Bun , Edwin Bairavi Joann , Gandhi Mihir , Goh Su-Yen , Ho Emily Tse Lin , Lin Xinyi , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Tay Tunn Lin , Finkelstein Eric Andrew
Published: August 2019

Background: Outcomes for those with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Singapore is poor. In this TRIal to slow the Progression Of Diabetes (TRIPOD), we will evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes management package (DMP), with or without a financial incentives program, M-POWER Rewards, in efforts to improve HbA1c levels for individuals with T2DM.

Methods/Design: TRIPOD is a randomized, open-labelled, controlled, multi-center, superiority trial with three parallel arms, namely (1) usual care only, (2) usual care with DMP, and (3) usual care with DMP plus M-POWER Rewards. A total of 339 adults with sub-optimally controlled T2DM (self-reported HbA1c 7.5–11.0%) will be block randomized according to a 1:1:1 allocation ratio to the three arms. The primary outcome is mean change in HbA1c level at Month 12 from baseline. Secondary outcomes include mean change in HbA1c level at Months 6, 18, and 24; mean changes at Months 6, 12, 18, and 24 in weight, blood pressure, and self-reported physical activity, weight monitoring, blood glucose monitoring, medication adherence, diabetes self-management, sleep quality, work productivity and daily activity impairment, and health utility index; and proportion of participants initiating insulin treatment by Months 6, 12, 18, and 24. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios will be computed based on costs per improvements in HbA1c at Month 12 and converted to cost per quality-adjusted life year gained.
Discussion: This study will present insights about the long-term cost-effectiveness and financial viability of the interventions and the potential for integrating within usual care.
Knowledge and attitudes towards blood donation among students of the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences at King Abdulaziz University
Authors: FELIMBAN RAED , Kabrah Saeed , Sadoun Hadeel Al , Serihi Raed Al
Published: August 2019

Background: This study aimed to assess knowledge about and attitude towards blood donation among students at the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences at King Abdulaziz University. In Saudi Arabia, the shortage of blood donors is a major challenge in blood banks. This could be due to low levels of community knowledge and unfavorable attitudes.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2017 and July 2018. A total of 350 students were randomly selected and interviewed using a well-structured and validated electronic self-administered questionnaire.

Results: Among the 350 students, the mean age was 22; 345 (98.5%) of the students were Saudi Arabian. Ninety-three (26.6%) of the students had a prior experience of blood donation, while 257 (73.4%) had never donated blood before. Three-hundred-forty-nine (99.8%) of the students had a good attitude towards blood donation. The majority (86.9%) of the students had good knowledge about blood donation, while 13.1% had poor knowledge. Of the 350 students, 240 (68.6%) strongly agreed that increasing blood donation awareness could increase blood donations. Thirty-five (15.1%) of students strongly agreed that donating blood causes anemia and 54 (15.4%) strongly agreed with the statement: “Blood donation can transmit diseases”.

Conclusion: These results reflect a strong positive knowledge about and attitude towards blood donations. The negative responses from students provide a platform for a future campaign that should recruit donors and motivate them to donate blood.
Aromatase inhibitors and risk of cardiovascular events in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: He Yang , Zhang Jianhua , Shen Guofang , Liu Lin , Zhao Qingwei , Lu Xiaoyang , Yang Hongyu , Hong Dongsheng
Published: August 2019

Objective

Cardiovascular events (CVEs) was considered as one of the primary cause to reduce the quality of life in breast cancer patients with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) treatment, which has not been sufficiently addressed. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between risk of CVEs and AIs in patients with breast cancer.

Methods

Included studies were obtained from the databases of Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials.gov, and reference lists. The main outcome measures were overall incidence, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Furthermore, the association and the risk differences among different tumor types, AIs, ages,or treatment regimens were conducted. Fixed-effect or random-effect models were applied in the statistical analyses according to the heterogeneity. Our analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Results

Seventeen studies, which included 44411 subjects, were included in our analyses.The overall incidence of CVEs in AIs group was 13.02% (95% CI: 8.15%–20.17%) and almost all of the high-grade CVEs occurred in patients treated with AIs. The pooled ORs of CVEs was 0.9940 (95% CI: 0.8545-1.1562). Under sub-group analysis, the incidence of CVEs related to exemestane was higher than that of controls (OR=1.1564, 95% CI: 1.0656-1.2549), but no statistical differences in risk of CVEs were found in other sub-group analysis. No evidence of publication bias was found for incidence of CVEs in our meta-analysis by a funnel plot.

Conclusions

These results suggest that patients with breast cancer treated with AIs do not have a significant risk of developing CVEs in comparison with the controls, and exemestane might not be considered as the alternative AI to the breast cancer patients from the perspective of CVEs. Further studies are recommended to investigate this association and the risk differences among different tumor types, AIs or treatment regimens.
Sprache, Denken, Welt
Authors: Demmerling Christoph
Published: August 2019

Nova fenomenologija sebe smatra filozofijom čije je polazište u samoosvještavanju čovjekova samonalaženja u svom okruženju. Ona se nadovezuje na svakodnevno, predteoretsko životno iskustvo čovjeka da bi njene sadržaje otvoreno prikazalo bez iskrivljenja kroz znanstvene teorije i modele. Ovaj prilog bavi se pitanjem toga kako se neproizvoljno životno iskustvo čovjeka odnosi prema njegovim jezičkim sposobnostima. U tu će svrhu biti rekonstruirana filozofska razmišljanja Hermanna Schmitza o jeziku i postavljena u kontekst s drugim prilozima iz filozofije jezika. Kao prvo, diskutirat će se uloga jezika u sklopu izgradnje tzv. razvijene prisutnosti, prije nego što bude razmotren odnos jezika i mišljenja odnosno jezika i svijeta. U tom ću kontekstu opširnije razmotriti Schmitzovu koncepciju intradifuzna značenja situacija i diskutirati njen doseg. Ključ za razumijevanje Schmitzove filozofije jezika leži u tome da se na ispravan način međusobno povežu intradifuzno značenje situacija, pojedinačni smisao u jednoj situaciji i jezičko značenje, odnosno jezički smisao.
Neue Phänomenologie und Philosophische Anthropologie
Authors: Kluck Steffen
Published: August 2019

Rad ukazuje na to do koje je mjere filozofska antropologija – napose njena tri predstavnika Max Scheler, Helmuth Plessner i Arnold Gehlen – referentna točka za Novu fenomenologiju Hermanna Schmitza. Nudi se analiza sličnosti i razlika u odnosu spram, primjerice, toga kako napasti problem ljudskog bića, kakav je značaj korporealnosti (osjećaja tjelesnosti) te kakvu vezu čovjek ima sa svijetom. Postupak povezuje dvije relevantne filozofske škole i razrađuje daljnji pristup.
Comentarios al subsistema constitucional económico colombiano
Authors: Alarcón Peña Andrea
Published: August 2019

El artículo presenta en líneas generales las particularidades del sistema constitucional económico propio de la Constitución de 1991. La primera parte expone una aproximación a las características históricas del estado social de derecho y las implicaciones que el mismo conlleva. Posteriormente se describen las características del modelo constitucional económico para poder hacer énfasis en los principios de libertad e igualdad como baluartes de las garantías constitucionales económicas.
Una segunda mirada a las agendas emergentes. Representaciones de la población afrocolombiana en medios radiales y una mirada comparativa a las agendas mediáticas sobre este tema en Colombia
Authors: Tamayo Camilo Andrés , Penagos Julián , Boadas Patricia
Published: August 2019

Esta investigación se llevó a cabo para indagar por las agendas informativas que sobre los temas de las comunidades afrocolombianas construyen los medios de comunicación colombianos y por los estándares de calidad que estaban presentes y/o ausentes en sus piezas periodísticas. Este estudio buscó entonces responder las siguientes preguntas de manera rigurosa: ¿Qué agendas informativas sobre los temas de las comunidades afrocolombianas elaboraron algunos medios de comunicación televisivos, radiales y escritos en Colombia? ¿Qué estándares de calidad periodística están presentes y/o ausentes en sus piezas periodísticas? ¿Cuáles son las narrativas, los sujetos sociales, políticos y culturales que son visibles en estas agendas? ¿De qué asuntos hablaron y quiénes hablaron de estos asuntos? ¿Qué pautas o lineamientos se pueden crear para mejorar la calidad periodística sobre el cubrimiento de los temas de las comunidades afrocolombianas en Colombia? ¿Qué porcentaje de despliegue mediático tiene este tema dentro de la oferta general informativa en Colombia? El presente artículo se focaliza en los resultados obtenidos para medios radiales y constituye la segunda parte de un primer artículo publicado en la Revista Criterios Vol 3 N.° 1.
Carteles de la droga: de Medellín a Sinaloa
Authors: Bagley Bruce
Published: August 2019

El artículo hace un paralelo entre el caso colombiano y el caso mexicano referente al narcotrafico, la violencia y la intermediación que sufre le mismo.

Es por esta razón que el autor plantea al inicio del mismo que "recordar es vivir: la dinámica del narcotráfico obedece a reglas simples. Mercancía fácil de producir, valor agregado por la prohibición, demanda creciente, ambición y violencia sin límites de los narcotraficantes y una ruta obligada -por donde sea y como sea- de los Andes hacia Estados Unidos. La historia de Colombia se repite, pobre México".
Democracia y representación en el marco de la Constitución Política de 1991: una mirada retrospectiva a la discusión
Authors: Londoño C. Adriana Marcela
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo parte de una revisión minuciosa a los proyectos de actos reformatorios de la Constitución Política de Colombia presentados por diferentes constituyentes en 1990, donde se rescatan las fértiles discusiones en torno al papel de la democracia en el Estado colombiano, la función de los partidos políticos, la organización del sistema electoral, los debates sobre el trabajo como valor fundamental, entre otros temas. Estas discusiones no sólo enriquecen y permiten repensar la democracia y la representación en Colombia hoy, sino que se ubican en un telón de fondo que hace posible encontrar en la relación entre Presidencialismo y Participación Democrática, un antagonismo irreconciliable.
El análisis de coyuntura, un acercamiento metodológico
Authors: Bonilla Montenegro Julián Darío
Published: August 2019

El análisis de coyuntura es la elaboración más compleja del análisis político (Incidencia. 2001). Desde esta conceptualización es posible lograr el mejor acercamiento a la problemática que se ha planteado en este trabajo. Es necesario presentar las condiciones teóricas que plantea dicha metodología junto con su relación en torno a los procesos políticos y sociales. Por esta razón, en primer lugar, se planteará un acercamiento teórico de las características que presenta dicho esquema de análisis 1 . Después, se abordarán las propuestas descritas en textos que plantean el uso de esta herramienta en autores como Carlos Marx o Antonio Gramsci. Finalmente, se describirá cada uno de los componentes metodológicos junto con su relación con el objeto de estudio.
Representaciones sociales de ciudadanía en mujeres habitantes de calle
Authors: Serrano Mora Sandra Milena , Osorno Ospina Luz Amparo , Silva Peña Jenny Andrea
Published: August 2019

Esta investigación se realizó en las ciudades colombianas de Bogotá y Bucaramanga, en torno a las Representaciones sociales de ciudadanía (RSC) de un grupo de mujeres habitantes de calle. Se abordó desde una perspectiva hermenéutica permitiendo comprender las vivencias y prácticas cotidianas que sustentan y objetivan las nociones de ciudadanía, que se viven en el marco de la vida en la calle, a partir de la condición de ser mujer. Dichas representaciones se analizaron desde tres categorías centrales; configuración de mujer y ciudadanía, configuración de mujer habitante de calle, y marginalidad social. Para ello, se crearon y aplicaron 17 indicadores de análisis, contrastados con tres subcategorías transversales; percepciones del espacio de la calle, significaciones como mujeres en sus contextos sociales, y espacios de participación. Para el proceso de recolección se realizaron 13 relatos de vida y 9 entrevistas semiestructuradas.Al triangular la información recogida, se concluyó que la configuración de ciudadanía se centra más en referencia a las actividades de sobrevivencia y no al reconocimiento de su condición de igualdad y respeto por parte de un entorno social. La calle para algunas de estas mujeres es el espacio más particular, privado y único, que ocupa el sentido de casa, donde se genera la relación y socialización con su entorno y la sociedad. Los derechos y deberes están en dependencia de las actitudes personales e institucionales.
Fenomenología del cuerpo en el abuso sexual intrafamiliar: el caso de una adolescente con características de estrés postraumático
Authors: Clavijo Moreno Sergio , Montenegro Flórez Cristian , Álvarez Tecano Carolina
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comprender el sentido del cuerpo para una adolescente con antecedentes de abuso sexual intrafamiliar y características de estrés postraumático. Su marco teórico estuvo conformado por cuatro capítulos: I. Abuso sexual intrafamiliar, II. Trastorno de estrés postraumático, III. Adolescencia y IV. Cuerpo. El estudio se estructuró metodológicamente con base en la investigación cualitativa de enfoque fenomenológico usando como técnica de recolección de información entrevistas semi-estructuradas con las que se obtuvo el principio cualitativo de saturación intergrupal. Tras el análisis de los relatos obtenidos que, conforme el devenir de la presente investigación, iban modificándose de acuerdo a la información recolectada y al tipo de población a quienes sería aplicada, se han encontrado dos dimensiones dentro de los resultados: a) como queda el cuerpo de una joven tras el abuso sexual en su adolescencia y, b) el sentido del cuerpo de la joven tras el abuso sexual. El sentido del cuerpo abusado se otorga con base en como queda el mismo tras el evento.
Formación e imperio, una perspectiva humanista
Authors: Silva Carreño Wilmer Hernando
Published: August 2019

En lo que sigue se intenta establecer el lugar y el sentido de la formación como elemento fundante de lo humano frente al devenir del imperio según lo caracterizan Hardt y Negri. Por esto, inicialmente se aproxima una comprensión del imperio como condición posmoderna, para luego mostrar a la luz de otros autores, especialmente desde la propuesta de Martha Nussbaum, perspectivas de análisis de los retos que tiene la formación frente a la búsqueda de una sociedad o mundo global más humano, esto es, evidenciar la necesidad de producir una subjetividad humana frente a la producción de una subjetividad imperial.
Movimientos territoriales y dinámicas laborales: los migrantes bolivianos en la agricultura de Mendoza (Argentina)
Authors: Moreno Marta Silvia , Torre Laura María
Published: August 2019

La segunda mitad del siglo lo XX registra una fuerte profundización de los procesos migratorios, hecho que habilita a señalarla como la “edad de las migraciones” (Castles y Miller, 2003). Dentro de los movimientos territoriales, los de carácter estacional mantienen significativa presencia en la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina), a pesar de las importantes transformaciones que se han suscitado en la agricultura regional.El trabajo busca caracterizar a la provincia en términos de su atractividad para los trabajadores estacionales migrantes, haciendo particular énfasis en los trabajadores de origen boliviano. Para el análisis de la población migrante se revisan los antecedentes existentes a nivel nacional, regional y provincial. Luego, se aborda el estudio de los asalariados rurales transitorios en base a los datos contenidos en diversas fuentes secundarias de información. Finalmente, y ya en el marco de estrategias de investigación de tipo cualitativas, se consideran las dinámicas laborales que se desatan en Mendoza de la mano de las diversas formas de intermediación que se registran en los mercados de trabajo rurales, donde los migrantes bolivianos tienen una marcada presencia.
El populismo punitivo: una mirada en Colombia
Authors: Guzmán Moya Daniela Alejandra
Published: August 2019

Mediante el presente artículo de reflexión, se analizará y describirá qué es el populismo punitivo, las circunstancias que lo propagan y cómo se evidencia en Colombia. Este texto es de orden cualitativo, descriptivo y analítico, cuenta con estrategias de recolección de información: la revisión y el análisis documental, doctrinal y jurisprudencial, pretende definir qué es populismo punitivo, además de algunas cuestiones inherentes como lo es su incidencia en el aumento, creación y modificaciones de tipos penales.
Análisis jurídico-social de las políticas públicas sobre la protección de las minorías étnicas del Amazonas frente a los megaproyectos: caso Colombia - Brasil (2012-2014)
Authors: Guerra Cárdenas María Camila , Manosalva Reyes Paula Catalina
Published: August 2019

La realidad de los pueblos indígenas es incierta, los medios de comunicación dicen poco de lo que en el Amazonas acontece y día a día estos pueblos aborígenes empiezan a ser partícipes de los efectos de la economía global y los efectos negativos de dicho aspecto. Las tierras ancestrales son ahora los cimientos de una nueva época en donde el respeto por la naturaleza parece secundario frente al poder de mercado y el despojo de estas tierras es solo un método de mercantilización sin cualidades humanas, cada día una persona vale mucho menos que unos pocos dólares.Las políticas públicas deberían proteger a la población civil respecto a los cambiantes contextos, además, se hace necesario que sean oportunas e integrales; por ende, su aplicación debería ser de igual naturaleza. Las políticas públicas dirigidas a los megaproyectos existen y deben ser aplicadas; el gobierno debería garantizar el cumplimiento de dichos estamentos legales para así generar unarealidad semejante entre lo escrito en un papel y lo verídico.
Improving chemical cleaning of fouled membranes in a drinking water treatment plant
Authors: Hasegawa Susumu , Tanaka Yasuhiro , Wake Naokazu , Takagi Ryosuke , Matsuyama Hideto
Published: August 2019

Recently, membrane filtration systems have become increasingly common in drinking water treatment plants. In this industry, preventing membrane fouling is of utmost importance. Many studies on the relationship between raw water components and membrane fouling have been performed in laboratory conditions. However, very few studies have analyzed the components of foulants on the fouled membrane as operated in actual drinking water treatment plants. By analyzing these components in plant-conditions, membrane fouling will be more effectively prevented. In this study, we analyzed the components of foulants extracted with 0.1 N NaOH from a fouled membrane operated in a drinking water treatment plant in Japan. Our analysis revealed that the main foulants were humic substances. In order to dissolve the accumulated humic substances, additional chemical cleaning was attempted with 500 ppm sodium hypochlorite. As a result, it was found that humic substances were dissolved and filtration resistance significantly decreased. Additionally, the removal of inorganic foulants was also greater after chemical cleaning with 500 ppm sodium hypochlorite, as inorganic foulants trapped within humic substances were released to the membrane surface as hydroxides by the additional sodium hypochlorite cleaning and were dissolved by the periodic citric acid cleaning.
The development of health care in Siberia in the 18th — first half of the 19th century
Authors: Shulyak Ekaterina V.
Published: August 2019

Development of health care of Siberia in the 18th — first half of the 19th century was closely connected with economic and political development of the Russian state. Before the medical personnel emergence in Siberia its population received medication only in the form of folk remedies. Development of its territory, insanitary conditions of life of Siberians, constant contingent of exiled to the indigenous people, and severe climate contributed to the spread of such diseases as smallpox, syphilis, and others.

The first medical institutions of Siberia were military hospital and infirmaries. In the days of reign of the Empress Anna Ioannovna, the city medical care started developing, and thanks to an initiative of the industrial enterprises owners — medical care for miners. After the establishment of the Public Charity Orders in Siberia, hospitals under their jurisdiction began to function in Tobolsk, Irkutsk, and Tomsk. A worthy contribution to the development of local medical institutions was made by donators Tolstopyatov, Bednyagin, Chupalov, and others. However, deficiency of financing, hospitals, and the medical personnel couldn’t adequately satisfy the needs of Siberian inhabitants in medical care.

The purpose of the article is to analyse the condition of public health, causes of morbidity and mortality of the population, as well as the process of medical care development in Siberia the turn of the 18th century by means of a historical and genetic method.
The development of the movement for the communist labour at the Tyumen shipbuilding plant in days of the seven-year plan (1959-1965): the experience of microhistorical study
Authors: Pashin Sergey S. , Vasikhovskaya Natalia S.
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the movement for communist labour at the Tyumen Shipbuilding Plant during the period of the seven-year plan (1959-1965). The authors seek to fill a historical narrative with the particular facts connected with the peculiarities and specifics of such phenomenon as the movement for communist labour. They consider it in the context of microhistory and as the most important element of production routine. The employees of the largest industrial enterprise of Soviet Tyumen — Shipbuilding Plant in concrete historical circumstances came under the spotlight of the authors. The submitted article is written with attraction of a wide range of archival documents, taken from the funds of the State Archive of the Tyumen Region and also funds of the State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Tyumen Region. Having studied the documents the authors come to conclusion that the movement for communist labour had little effect on the production progress of the plant employees.
Human internal organs as a possible and textual world
Authors: Belozerova Natalia N.
Published: August 2019

Ever since Shakespeare had sent a fat king to go a progress through the guts of a lean beggar [31] human internal organs started to serve as a textual locus in fiction and non-fiction, or a subject in a possible world. Their presentation varies depending upon the purpose, the form and the style of writing, semiotic modalities of their exposition, as well as the epistemological development of knowledge. These varieties come under the umbrella property known as “the possibility of the impossible” [12]. In such possible world a cat can walk in the brain as if it were his apartments [3], or together with children travel through the whole system of human internal organs [9], or a concerto could be designed for neurons and synapses [22]. In scientific articles, a textual world takes the form of topographic maps and models, including semantic distribution [11]. With this in the mind, we state the purpose for this paper to classify the types of textual “chronotops” (in a Bakhtinian sense [2]) that characterize fictional and nonfictional loci of human internal organs. We also aim at stating the type of dependences that provide narrative shapes to a possible world inside a human body. For the analyses we attract among others M. Bakhtin’s theories of the “carnival poetics” and “Chronotop” [2], and Yu. Lotman’s theories of “semiotic textualization” [18] and “semantic intersection” [19].
 We state as our hypotheses that a blend of epistemological knowledge, personal involvement of the authors into any sort of scientific experiment and an educational goal determine the type of the deixis or “chronotop”, the major semiotic modality being “SAVOIR”-TO KNOW (in the Greimasian sense).
Polycodal mechanisms in interpreting small poetic forms of the internet literature
Authors: Ulyanova Olga B. , Ertner Daria E. , Mavlyutova Albina A.
Published: August 2019

The article addresses the problem of decoding creolized “small” poetic forms with the reference to Russian and English Internet literature. Thus, we focus on the phenomenon of Russian Internet poetic texts poroshki and their authorized English language versions. Comic poetic texts poroshki are popular among Russian Internet users and reflect the reality of modern life. The novelty of the work lies in the new literary paradigm of interpreting poetic texts poroshki, which originally appeared within the Russian Internet.

The article aims at finding the mechanisms of decoding creolized “small” poetic forms as they appear in the Russian language and their English variants. Thus, we have implemented the lexical-semantic, stylistic, cognitive-discursive, and comparative analyses as we attempted to create original literary analysis which will allow to find algorithms in interpreting poetic texts poroshki (and any other “small” poetic forms) and to explain using image transformations based on creolization of verbal and non-verbal components of the texts. The suggested strategy takes into account the linguistic and extralinguistic literary codes and their creolization with non-verbal code of poroshki and allows creating semantic unity between verbal and non-verbal components of the poems. The results of the research help to promote poetic texts poroshki in the English language social networks and thus distribute this poetic form within other linguocultures.
Effect of career orientation on organizational commitments mediated by job satisfaction
Authors: Yani Ni Wayan Merry Nirmala , Rahyuda Agoes Ganesha
Published: August 2019

The sample used was non-civil servant employees at the Department of Industry and Trade in Denpasar City, totaling 75 respondents using saturated sampling to collect the samples. This study used PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis technique. The results of the study found that career orientation had a positive effect on organizational commitment, career orientation had a positive effect on job satisfaction, job satisfaction had a positive effect on organizational commitment, and job satisfaction acted as a partial mediating variable on the effect of career orientation relationships on organizational commitment. The implications of this study indicate that in order to increase the organizational commitment of non-civil servant employees of the Denpasar Industry and Trade Service, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors of career orientation and job satisfaction. This shows that career orientation and job satisfaction factors greatly affect the behavior of non-civil servant employees in increasing their commitment to achieving organizational goals. Organizations should provide clear career orientations to non-civil servant employees and able to give opportunities to develop their values ​​at work.
Influence of Community‐Based Dental Education on Practice Choice: Preliminary Data from East Carolina University
Authors: Gordon Sharon , Warren Abigail C. , Wright Wanda G.
Published: August 2019

Maldistribution of the dental workforce contributes to poor access to oral health care. Community‐based dental education (CBDE) may help to address this problem by using experiential learning to encourage new dentists to practice in underserved areas. The East Carolina University School of Dental Medicine (East Carolina University SoDM) employs a multifaceted strategy, including CBDE, to increase the number of dentists practicing in underserved areas of North Carolina. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of CBDE and other factors on practice choice among East Carolina University SoDM graduates. This cross‐sectional study assessed practice intentions before and after a senior‐year CBDE experience. Data were obtained for students in three graduating years from written student reflections and self‐reported practice plans solicited at graduation. Of the total 156 students between 2015 and 2017 (52 each year), all students participated in at least one component of this evaluation: all students (100%) completed required student reflections, and 148 (95%) provided pre‐graduation practice plans. Data were also obtained on alumni practice characteristics via a survey of recent graduates; 72 alumni (46% response rate) participated in the alumni survey. The assessments found positive attitudes towards the CBDE program before and after participation, although areas for improvement relating to business management and financial viability were reported. The majority of alumni respondents (67%) remained in the state to practice after graduation, with half reporting practicing in rural areas. For most alumni respondents (>75%), debt, salary, benefits, type of patient population, and desire to own/run a business were important factors other than the CBDE program influencing their practice choice. Nearly half of them (45.8%) rated desire to work in a public health setting as an important factor. This study provides preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of this educational model in retaining new dentists within the state to address the critical shortage of dentists in North Carolina.
Students' Evaluations of Simulations in Dentistry: A Multiple Cohort Study at a U.S. Dental School
Authors: McKenzie Carly T. , Tilashalski Ken , Abou‐Arraj Ramzi , Peterson Dawn Taylor , White Marjorie Lee
Published: August 2019

Simulation may help translate didactic learning to patient care in areas such as communication skills and medical emergency management. The aims of this study were to investigate how multiple cohorts of dental students evaluated simulations utilizing standardized patients and manikins and to explore evaluations of a simulation that combined social determinants of health with oral health education. All approximately 600 second‐ and fourth‐year dental students at one U.S. dental school participated in simulation activities for five years (2014‐18). The activities involved clinical communication skills with an urgent care patient, medical emergency management, and communication skills with a parent with low income. After the simulations, students were invited to complete an evaluation of the experience. Questionnaire items addressed perceived applicability to patient care, value of the experience, and fulfillment of objectives; and open‐ended questions asked for comments specific to the parent with low income simulation. A total of 497 responses from D2 and D4 students were collected over the five‐year period, as well as from all 12 periodontics residents in 2017, for an overall 91.7% response rate. The vast majority (>90.6%) positively evaluated all items for each simulation. The positive ratings ranged from a mean of 99.3% for the urgent care simulation to 93.8% for the parent with low income simulation. Positive student comments often related to learning from/with others and effective practice of teach back and patient education tactics. Students' most frequent suggestions for improvement called for better preparation. In this study, simulations with both standardized patients and manikins led to positive evaluations as well as anticipated improvement of clinical performance. These results suggest that incorporating simulation into an already‐crowded curriculum is worth it from the student perspective, especially for reinforcement of clinical skills not easily amenable to classroom instruction.
Assessing Dental Students' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Medicaid and Health Care Reform: A Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Meyer Beau D. , King Jack D. , Kowlowitz Vicki , Lampiris Lewis N.
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study was to conduct a needs assessment of Medicaid and health care reform education in the current dental curriculum of one U.S. dental school. A mixed‐methods approach was employed using focus groups and surveys. Three focus groups with dental students (nine first‐and second‐year students, eight third‐year students, and seven fourth‐year students) and one focus group with six external oral health stakeholders were conducted in 2018 to explore participants' attitudes and beliefs about Medicaid and health care reform. The focus groups used a semi‐structured guide, and transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Following the focus groups, all first‐and fourth‐year dental students were invited to participate in a survey assessing their general and dental‐specific Medicaid knowledge and attitudes about Medicaid. In both methods, participants made suggestions for future curricular experiences involving Medicaid. Surveys were returned from 81 first‐year students (96% response rate) and 72 fourth‐year students (86% response rate), for an overall response rate of 93%. Participating students and stakeholders agreed that Medicaid is confusing and challenging to incorporate into private practice. All participants viewed programs sponsored by organized dentistry as venues to learn about oral health policy. Nearly all participants agreed that private practice mentorship, improved practice management, and more experiential opportunities in the predoctoral curriculum would be effective strategies to increase knowledge about Medicaid and health reform. According to the survey responses, Medicaid and health reform knowledge is poor and scarcely covered in the current curriculum, and only 39% of participating students planned to participate in Medicaid after graduation. These findings suggest that curricular improvements are needed to incorporate more engaging and experiential learning using external resources.