bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Firm Age, Proximity to the Past R&D, and Innovation
Authors: Yamaguchi Shotaro , Nitta Ryuji , Hara Yasushi , Shimizu Hiroshi
Published: October 2024

Previous studies have found that firm age has a negative effect on R&D and innovation. While firm rigidity has been thought to explain this negative effect of age, it has not been measured empirically. Using the USPTO patent database, this study empirically unpacks the black box of firm age effects on innovation. Using cosine similarity, we directly measure a potential mediating variable, the extent of reconfiguration of firms' R&D portfolios (which we call firms' own R&D proximity). We empirically demonstrate the mediating role of rigidity in the firm age effects on innovation. We also confirm the trade-off between R&D quality and quantity. Specifically, we find that higher R&D proximity (i.e., firms that reconfigure their portfolios less) is associated with lower invention quality while producing more inventions. The empirical results provide a managerial implication that if firms continue to conduct R&D in the same area, their R&D quality will decline. It implies that as firms age, changing the area of R&D becomes an important managerial issue, and if they can make this change, they are likely to produce higher quality results in R&D.
In vivo regulation of infected and bystander monocyte phenotype by the Mycobacterium marinum ESX-1 type VII secretion system
Authors: Munke Kristina , Wulff Line , Lienard Julia , Carlsson Fredric , Agace William
Published: October 2024

Pathogenic mycobacteria require the conserved ESX-1 type VII secretion system to cause disease. Using a murine Mycobacterium marinum infection model we recently demonstrated an antagonistic interplay between neutrophils and monocytes, where monocytes play a host-protective role by restricting ESX-1-dependent intragranuloma accumulation of neutrophils. Here, we demonstrate that the protective function of monocytes is maintained in RAG-deficient mice, indicating that their ability to restrict neutrophil-dependent inflammation is independent of adaptive immunity. Further, we performed single cell RNA sequencing of infected and bystander Ly6C+MHCII+ monocytes, isolated from the infected tissue, to explore how M. marinum and ESX-1 alter the monocyte phenotype in vivo. Our findings indicate that M. marinum intrinsically impacts on the transcription profile of infected monocytes in an ESX-1-independent fashion. Infection alters cytokine expression, induces glycolytic metabolism, hypoxia-mediated signaling, nitric oxide synthesis, tissue remodeling, and suppresses responsiveness to IFNg. In contrast to infected cells, the phenotype of bystander monocytes is extrinsically regulated in an ESX-1-dependent manner, including a reduced responsiveness to IFNg. These findings suggest that mycobacterial infection has pleiotropic effects on monocyte phenotype, with potential implications in bacterial growth restriction and granuloma formation.
Primary pulmonary meningioma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Cheng Jun , Guo Chunfen
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Primary pulmonary meningioma is a rare disease. There have been only a little over 50 cases of primary pulmonary meningioma (PPM) reported in previous literature. The pathogenesis of PPM is still unclear. We report a case of PPM cured by thoracoscopic right middle lobe wedge resection and systematically review previously reported cases in previous literature.
Case report
A 57-year-old male patient was found to have a nodule in the right middle lobe of about 1.8cm in diameter on a chest-enhanced CT scan performed more than 7 years ago. A re-examination in 2023 found the subpleural nodule in the right middle lobe had grown larger than before. Considering surgical treatment, the patient underwent a thoracoscopic right middle lobe wedge resection after a thorough examination. The final pathological diagnosis was primary pulmonary meningioma. Regular follow-up CT scans showed no recurrence.
Conclusion
Primary pulmonary meningioma is a rare tumor that is difficult to diagnose definitively clinically and radiologically. However, most cases are benign with a good prognosis, and the surgical resection method of choice is usually wedge resection. A small proportion of malignant cases, due to the invasiveness of the tumor, require lobectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The incidence and geographical distribution of primary pulmonary meningioma show certain patterns, with the disease possibly being more prevalent in Asia and more common in females.
Optimize using black soldier fly larvae reared on chicken manure as an alternative feed in the insect farming industry
Authors: Abdelmaksoud Eman M. , El-Sayed Walaa , Rashwan Rania S. , Hegazy Safaa A. , Abdelsalam Samar A.
Published: October 2024

In April 2022, the State Information Service (SIS) released statistics indicating that Egypt produced over 1.4 billion birds overall, including 320 million chickens. The high price of chicken feed presents Egypt with a significant challenge. As many research suggested the use of chicken manure (CM) as a substitute feed, Egypt may transform it to a reasonably priced and readily available for chicken feed by using black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). BSFL fed on pure CM don’t gain significant weight and often died, this research aims to investigate the effects of adding different ratios of bread waste (BW) to CM to increase BSF larval development. The best results were obtained when BW was added to CM at a 1:1 ratio. Four bacterial isolates were isolated from BSF eggs, while one bacterial isolate, Morganella morganii, was isolated from the larval gut. On adding the bacterial isolates to different substrates, M. morganii showed the highest effect on larval weight and conversion rate, which may highlight its potential as a beneficial bacterial isolate for BSF cultivation. Further research is needed to explore these mechanisms, assess the potential of these bacterial isolates, and optimize the use of bacterial supplementation in insect farming systems.
Seasonal Variations and Environmental Influences on Dry Eye Operations in Japan
Authors: Kabata Yoshiaki , Terauchi Ryo , Nakano Tadashi
Published: October 2024

The surface of the eye is constantly exposed to the external environment and is affected by atmospheric conditions and air pollution, and dry eye is a typical ocular surface disease. This study aimed to determine whether there are seasonal differences in the number of dry eye operations in Japan and to investigate whether meteorological conditions and air pollutants are related. Operations were examined using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) database from fiscal years 2019 to 2021. Temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, volume humidity, wind speed, sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides X (NOX), photochemical oxidants (OX), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) were considered. The number of dry eye operations was significantly higher in the winter than in the summer. (p = 0.0023) No significant differences were found among the other seasons. Volume humidity and temperature were strongly negatively correlated, and NOX and atmospheric pressure were strongly positively correlated.
Constructing in silico, molecular self-aggregates and micro- hydrated complexes of Oxirene and Thiirene
Authors: Lande Dipali N. , Gejji Shridhar P. , Pathak Rajeev K.
Published: October 2024

Oxirene, surmised to exist in the interstellar medium, was synthesized in the laboratory only recently. At the ωB97xD/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of density functional theory, it is demonstrated here that oxirene attains a local minimum on the potential energy surface; further, cooperative intermolecular hydrogen-bonding can lead to molecular self-aggregates and is conducive to ‘micro-hydration’ with at best three water molecules. Thiirene, its thia-analogue, at the same level of theory, displays similar however, somewhat weaker hydrogen bonding in its aggregates and water solvated complexes. Cogent molecular descriptors such as interaction energies for cluster formation, molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), effective atomic charges, infrared spectroscopic response, criticality profiles from the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), hydrogen-bond energies, reduced density gradient (RDG) maps identifying non-covalent interactions (NCI), all in unison characterize the aggregates. In particular, infrared spectra display frequency down-shifts for the hydrogen bonded C-H and for OH vibrations in solvated complexes. Should these aggregates exist in the interstellar medium, the present in silico endeavor provides adequate grounds for their identification.
Detection of anomalous spatio-temporal patterns of app traffic in response to catastrophic events
Authors: Pedreschi Nicola , Medina Sofia , Lambiotte Renaud , LaRock Timothy , Babul Shazia'Ayn , Sahasrabuddhe Rohit
Published: October 2024

In this work, we uncover patterns of usage mobile phone applications and information spread in response to perturbations caused by unprecedented events. We focus on categorizing patterns of response in both space and time and tracking their relaxation over time. To this end, we use the NetMob2023 Data Challenge dataset, which provides mobile phone applications traffic volume data for several cities in France at a spatial resolution of 100$m^2$ and a time resolution of 15 minutes for a time period ranging from March to May 2019. We analyze the spread of information before, during, and after the catastrophic Notre-Dame fire on April 15th and a bombing that took place in the city centre of Lyon on May 24th using volume of data uploaded and downloaded to different mobile applications as a proxy of information transfer dynamics. We identify different clusters of information transfer dynamics in response to the Notre-Dame fire within the city of Paris as well as in other major French cities. We find a clear pattern of significantly above-baseline usage of the application Twitter (currently known as X) in Paris that radially spreads from the area surrounding the Notre-Dame cathedral to the rest of the city. We detect a similar pattern in the city of Lyon in response to the bombing. Further, we present a null model of radial information spread and develop methods of tracking radial patterns over time. Overall, we illustrate novel analytical methods we devise, showing how they enable a new perspective on mobile phone user response to unplanned catastrophic events, giving insight into how information spreads during a catastrophe in both time and space.
Regulating the amount of graphene oxide for enhanced capacitive energy storage of MOF derived materials
Authors: Qin Yongji , Yang Jingquan , Wang Hao , Lian Meiling , Jia Peipei , Luo Jun , Liu Xijun , Liu Junfeng
Published: October 2024

In pursuit of more efficient and stable electrochemical energy storage materials, composite materials consisting of metal oxides and graphene oxide have garnered significant attention due to their unique structures and exceptional properties. Graphene oxide (GO), a two-dimensional material with an extremely high specific surface area and excellent conductivity, offers new possibilities for enhancing the electrochemical performance of metal oxides. In this work, we synthesized metal-organic framework (MOF) and GO composites with regulated amount of GO and successfully prepared composites of metal oxides supported by nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks and GO through a simple one-step calcination process. Through capacitive-property tests, the optimal amount of GO was figured out. This research will provide new insights and directions for designing and synthesizing metal oxide and graphene oxide composite materials with ideal electrochemical performance.
CO 2 Methanation Process over Highly Active and Nanostructured NiO-Al 2 O 3 Catalyst Synthesized by Various Methods
Authors: Tamimi Kianoush , Alavi Seyed Mehdi , Rezaei Mehran , Akbari Ehsan
Published: October 2024

This study is centered on the synthesis of NiO-Al2O3 catalysts using multiple preparation methods, which encompass mechanochemical, impregnation, sol-gel, co-precipitation, and combustion techniques. These various methods were employed to create catalyst samples, subsequently utilized in the carbon dioxide methanation process. Comprehensive characterization of the prepared samples encompassed H2-TPR, XRD, BET, and FESEM analyses. The outcomes of the BET and XRD analyses unveiled that the 20wt.% NiO-Al2O3 catalyst, synthesized via the mechanochemical preparation approach, exhibited exceptional efficiency in relation to CO2 conversion and selectivity of methane. This was especially pronounced at lower temperatures. Notably, this catalyst showcased a specific surface area measuring 240.7 m2/g, coupled with a reduced crystal size of 29.4 nm. The 20wt. % NiO-Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated a carbon dioxide conversion of 68%, coupled with a methane selectivity of 96% under the operational condition of 400 ℃. Notably, this catalyst demonstrated the highest degree of stability when compared to the other catalysts studied. To comprehensively assess the impact of varying nickel loadings, spanning from 5 to 25 wt. %, on both textural attributes and the catalytic efficacy of mechanochemically synthesized NiO-Al2O3, an in-depth investigation was undertaken. The experimental findings from this investigation unveiled that the augmentation of nickel loading up to 20 wt% led to a discernible enhancement in CO2 conversion efficiency. However, beyond this threshold, a decline in CO2 conversion was detected. This can be linked to the phenomenon of particle sintering, which subsequently leads to a decrease in the dispersion of the active catalytic phase. Furthermore, the study delved into the exploration of processing conditions and the temperature of calcination, assessing their influence on the catalytic efficiency of the chosen catalyst.
Wake Characteristics of Multiscale Buildings in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
Authors: Southgate-Ash Cameron , Mishra Abhishek , Grimmond Sue , Robins Alan , Placidi Marco
Published: October 2024

Urban forms characterised by multi-scale roughness can drastically modify the wind structure within cities affecting both pedestrian comfort and air quality at street level, however, for simplicity, most urban flow studies focus on cuboid buildings with a single length scale. To study how significant additional length scales are in urban flow modelling, six forms are considered: reference cuboids for two aspect ratio (mean building height to width) cases (standard, 1; tall, 3) with two additional fractal iterations of each. These are used in wind tunnel experiments within a deep turbulent boundary layer. Although the six models have the same mean building width, height, and frontal area, their length scale characteristics differ. These are found to affect the drag force exerted by the buildings in a non-negligible way (up to 5% and 13% for standard and tall buildings, respectively). The added length scales also modify the wake lateral spread and intensity of the turbulence fluctuations, with smaller the length scale the lower (higher) the intensity of the fluctuations in the near (far) wake. Additionally, the strength of the vortex shedding emanating from the buildings is reduced by introducing systematically smaller length scales. This work suggests that the omission of additional length scales can lead to inaccuracies in drag and wake recovery estimations, while the reduction in intensity of vortex shedding found with each fractal iteration could have engineering applications (e.g. reducing vibration).
Enhancing Bevacizumab efficacy in a colorectal tumor mice model using Dextran-Coated Albumin Nanoparticles
Authors: Pangua Cristina , Espuelas Socorro , Simón Jon Ander , Álvarez Samuel , Martínez-Ohárriz Cristina , Collantes María , Peñuelas Iván , Calvo Alfonso , Irache Juan M.
Published: October 2024

Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that prevents the growth of new blood vessels and is currently employed in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, like other mAb, bevacizumab shows a limited penetration in the tumors, hampering their effectiveness and inducing adverse reactions. The aim of this work was to design and evaluate albumin-based nanoparticles, coated with dextran, as carriers for bevacizumab in order to promote its accumulation in the tumor and, thus, improve its antiangiogenic activity. These nanoparticles (B-NP-DEX50) displayed a mean size of about 250 nm and a payload of about 110 µg/mg. In a CRC mice model, these nanoparticles significantly reduced tumor growth and increased tumor doubling time, tumor necrosis and apoptosis more effectively than free bevacizumab. At the end of study, bevacizumab plasma levels were higher in the free drug group, while tumor levels were higher in the B-NP-DEX50 group (2.5-time higher). In line with this, the biodistribution study revealed that nanoparticles accumulated in the tumor core, potentially improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic exposure. In summary, B-NP-DEX can be an adequate alternative to improve the therapeutic efficiency of biologically active molecules, offering a more specific biodistribution to the site of action.
Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals shared molecular pathways for Relationship between Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Jalali Pooya , Rezaee Malihe , Yaghoobi Alireza , Piroozkhah Moein , Zabihi Mohammad Reza , Aliyari Shahram , Salehi Zahra
Published: October 2024

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory disorders, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease, affecting the gastrointestinal tract and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Accumulating evidence indicates that IBD not only impacts the gastrointestinal tract but also affects multiple extra-intestinal organs, which may manifest prior to the diagnosis of IBD. Among these extra-intestinal manifestations associated with IBD, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) stands out as a prominent example. PSC is recognized as a progressive cholestatic disorder, characterized by the narrowing of bile ducts, eventual development of liver cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, and the potential emergence of cholangiocarcinoma.
Aim of the study:
In this study, we aimed to identify the molecular contributors in UC-induced PSC by detecting the essential regulatory genes that are differentially expressed in both diseases.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to detect UC and PSC-associated genes. The common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected using the GEO and DisGeNET databases, respectively. Then, the top module and hub genes within the protein-protein interaction network were identified. Furthermore, the co-expression network of the top module was constructed using the HIPPIE database. Additionally, the gene regulatory network was constructed based on miRNAs and circRNAs. At last, we searched the DGIdb database for possible interacting drugs with UC-PSC top module genes.
Results
Our microarray dataset analysis identified 56 common DEGs between UC and PSC with significant enrichment in genes involved in mRNA processes such as mRNA splicing process, and RNA bindings. We also identified 291 common DEGs from the DisGeNET database, demonstrating only one common DEG, called PTPN2, with microarray dataset. In this study we also identified 122 common SNPs between UC and PSC. Additionally, the top cluster of PPI network analysis was consisted of PABPC1, SNRPA1, NOP56, NHP2L1, and HNRNPA2B1 genes. We constructed a ceRNA network involving 4 specific mRNAs, 94 miRNAs, and 200 selected circRNAs.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the present study provides novel potential candidate genes that may be involved in the molecular association between ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, resulting in the development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets to prevent the progression of PSC from UC.
Synthesis and Biological Assessment of Triazolo-Quinazoline Carbothioamide Derivatives for p38 MAP Kinase Inhibition: In-Silico and In-Vitro Approaches
Authors: CH Keerthi , Kola Ramesh , Pingili Divya , Awasthi Archana , Prashanth DSNBK , Chamakuri Kantlam
Published: October 2024

A series of 4-Alkyl-5-oxo-N-(pyridin-3-yl)-4,5-dihydro [1,2,3] triazolo[1,5-a] quinazoline-3-carbothioamide compounds (8a-8k) were synthesized as p38 MAP kinase inhibitors, which could potentially be used as anticancer agents. The synthesized compounds were assessed for their effectiveness in inhibiting cancer using the MCF-7 cancer cell line. The results showed that compound 8a had the highest potency, with an IC50 value of 39.76 ± 0.25 µM. Compound 8f and 8d exhibited noteworthy activity, with IC50 values of 40.43 ± 2.04 µM and 42.15 ± 2.15 µM, respectively. Compound 8a was found to effectively bind with the active site of p38α MAP kinase, with the PDB ID 1W7H. The docking score was found to be -8.8 kcal/mol. The ADME experiments, following Lipinski's rule of five and Ergan's egg graph, showed that all the synthesized compounds had excellent oral bioavailability and acceptable stomach absorption. Compound 8a stood out as the most potent drug in the series, exhibiting considerable docking affinity, ADME profile, and p38 MAP kinase inhibitory action. The findings indicated that compound 8a has promising p38 kinase inhibition and can be a possible therapeutic drug for further investigation.
QSAR, Molecular Docking, MD Simulations, and ADMET Screening Identify Potential Heliotropium indicum Leads against Key Targets in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Omirin Emmanuel Sunday , Aribisala Precious Oluwasanmi , Olugbogi Ezekiel Abiola , Adeniran Olawole Yakubu , Emaleku Sunday Adeola , Saliu Jamiyu Ayodeji , Fapohunda Oluwaseun , Omirin Bukunmi , Gbadamosi Mary Oyinlola , Wopara Iheanyichukwu
Published: October 2024

Steroid 5 alpha-reductase (5αR) is a membrane-embedded enzyme responsible for converting testosterone into the more potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), within the prostate. The androgen receptor (AR), in turn, mediates DHT's effects by regulating genes critical to cell proliferation and survival. Both 5αR and AR play pivotal roles in the development and progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), making them prime therapeutic targets for drug discovery. Unfortunately, no current drugs simultaneously target both enzymes, and existing treatments for either often lead to significant side effects, emphasizing the urgent need for safer, more effective alternatives. Through in silico screening, 13 pyrrolizidine alkaloids were evaluated for their inhibitory potential against 5αR and AR. The top six alkaloids—Heliotrine, Europine-N-oxide, Heleurine-N-oxide, Lasiocarpine, Indicine, and Heliotridine-N-oxide—exhibited promising pIC50 values. Notably, Europine-N-oxide (-10.27 kcal/mol) and Heliotridine-N-oxide (-9.72 kcal/mol) demonstrated stronger binding affinities to 5αR compared to the standard drug, Finasteride (-9.66 kcal/mol). Similarly, Heliotrine (-10.09 kcal/mol) and Europine-N-oxide (-8.76 kcal/mol) outperformed the standard AR blocker, Enzalutamide (-8.21 kcal/mol). Key hydrogen bonds were revealed, with Europine-N-oxide forming interactions with residues Tyr91, Arg94, Tyr98, and Glu197 in 5αR, while Heliotrine engaged with Asn160, Asp164, Glu57, and Arg94. MD simulations confirmed more stable and favorable interactions between the ligands from Heliotropium indicum (HI) and the targets compared to the standard drugs. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic screening highlighted high solubility, strong intestinal absorption, and minimal CYP enzyme inhibition, indicating favorable drug-like profiles. In conclusion, this study identifies HI alkaloids as promising multi-target inhibitors for BPH treatment. These findings warrant further in vivo validation and structural optimization to fully unlock their therapeutic potential in managing BPH
Beyond Single Company Risk Disclosure: Event-Based Physical Risk Reporting
Authors: Håkansson Victor Wattin , Meiler Simona , Hülsen Sarah , Villiger Leonie , McCaughey Jamie , Kropf Chahan M. , Bresch David N.
Published: October 2024

An increasing number of countries and stakeholders now require large companies to disclose physical climate-related risks, following Task Force for Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) guidelines. However, the lack of standardization has led to the use of varied risk metrics from different data sources, making it difficult to compare physical risks across companies and preventing investors from aggregating risks at the portfolio level. To address this, we develop an approach using standardized, event-based probabilistic natural catastrophe risk assessments to improve global risk data aggregation and enable customized risk metrics. Integrating these methods into TCFD reporting would help investors align portfolios with a risk-return efficient frontier that accounts for physical risks, directing capital toward companies better equipped to manage climate impacts and promoting strategic adaptation. We propose a transparent, replicable, open-source methodology using Event-Loss Tables to present per-event impact data and construct this efficient frontier. This approach is illustrated with two fictional companies exposed to tropical cyclone risk under current and future scenarios, highlighting the potential for improved disclosure, company comparison, and portfolio risk assessment. Finally, we call on the scientific community to establish standardized hazard sets and financial loss functions to support accurate comparison and risk aggregation.
Mapping zygote-to-adult developmental cell phylogeny in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals a 3-cell rule of branching
Authors: He Xionglei , Xia Fan-Nv , Liu Kehui , Wang Jianguo , Liu Zhan , Li Ang
Published: October 2024

Similar to the evolutionary history of all species on Earth, the developmental lineage history of all cells in a multicellular organism is stored in a phylogenetic tree. Mapping the zygote-to-adult developmental cell phylogeny of a complex organism is of tremendous value but technically challenging. We here adapted SMALT, a powerful cell lineage tracing system developed in our laboratory, to Arabidopsis thaliana to record the zygote-to-adult developmental lineages of two plant individuals. SMALT performed efficiently in A. thaliana, with an average of ~50 barcoding mutations accumulated on the 1-kb barcode sequence of each cell in three-month-old plants. Using the barcoding mutations we reconstructed, with high statistical confidence and at single-cell resolution, the phylogenetic tree for thousands of cells sampled from various shoot branches of each plant. The cell phylogenies show cells of every shoot branch are derived from exactly three founder cells, each belonging to one of three early-determined lineages. The 3-cell pattern holds for primary, secondary and tertiary branches, and even for single leaves or flowers/siliques. Integrating SMALT with single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the three founder cells responsible for establishing three germ layers of each branch/organ, which in turn updates our understandings of plant germ layers to single-cell resolution. We further showed that the 3-cell rule represents the optimal strategy for an indeterminate plant to manage its stem cell pool, with a general analytical framework proposed to unify the distinct strategies used in plant and animal organogenesis.
Mechanisms and motivations of medicinal plant use against dysmenorrhea.
Authors: Zandstra Berber E. , Andel Tinde R. van , Geertsma Isabela Pombo
Published: October 2024

Background
Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) negatively impacts the lives of many women on a global scale. It is a major cause of absenteeism in work or school, decreases classroom performance in adolescents, and affects overall quality of life. For centuries, women across the world have relied on medicinal plants to treat dysmenorrhea. For an industrialized country like the Netherlands, however, data on such plant use is almost absent. This study aimed to document which plant taxa women in the Netherlands use to treat dysmenorrhea and their motivations behind plant choice. Furthermore, phytochemical properties of the reported species related to treating dysmenorrhea were reviewed. As people with a migration background are known to use medicinal plants, we expected a significant association between plant use prevalence and migration background.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews and online surveys were conducted among women who used and advised plants to treat dysmenorrhea. Respondents were recruited via social media and snowballing. Literature research was conducted to investigate what phytochemicals are related to alleviating dysmenorrhea in the Netherlands and abroad. A Chi-Squared test of independence was performed to determine associations between migration background and the prevalence of medicinal plant use.
Results
Our 156 respondents mentioned 87 plant taxa to treat menstrual pain. Alchemilla spp., Achillea millefolium L., Matricaria spp., Rubus idaeus L., Salix spp., Cannabis sativa L. and Zingiber officinale Roscoe were the most used and advised plant taxa. Familiarity, experienced positive effects and availability were the most important motivations reported for choosing specific plant taxa. Experienced side effects as a result of painkillers were often mentioned as a reason to use herbal medicine. No association between migration background and medicinal plant use was found.
Conclusions
This study is a valuable addition to current knowledge about medicinal plant use to alleviate dysmenorrhea in an industrialized country like the Netherlands. The reported plant taxa were similarly used in other countries, and contained a wide variety in mechanisms of action, which indicates that dysmenorrhea can have different treatments. There still were considerable gaps in knowledge concerning plant species identification and usage. Gaining more insight in women’s healthcare choices and motivations is vital in securing high-quality and suitable, personalized healthcare.
AdditiveGDL: Generative deep learning for predicting local thermal distributions in metal 3D-printed layers
Authors: Guirguis David , Tucker Conrad , Beuth Jack
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose a method that leverages constrained generative neural networks to predict the local thermal distribution given the laser toolpath. By identifying critical regions of heat accumulation, we can optimize geometry, and scan paths, ultimately enhancing the quality and reliability of 3D-printed metal components.
Thermal distribution and dynamics affect various critical aspects including microstructure and mechanical properties, fatigue life, residual stresses, dimensional accuracy, shape integrity, and surface quality. Additionally, the scan strategy significantly impacts heat accumulation, especially at geometric features with sharp corners, overhangs, and thin walls. Thus, predicting heat distribution given the scan strategy becomes crucial. While numerical simulations using finite element methods are common, they can be computationally prohibitive for complex parts. Results show that generative deep learning offers an alternative approach to predicting the thermal field of printed layers efficiently.
The First Occurence of Mafic Alkaline Rock (Lamproite) in Mamuju District, West Sulawesi, Indonesia: Implications To The REEs and Critical Elements Enrichment
Authors: Fadlin Fadlin , Godang Shaban , Idrus Arifudin , Hartono Hill Gendoet , Zaenurrohman Januar Aziz , Iswahyudi Sachrul , Asfaro Raden Muhammad , Hamzah Wildan Nur , Nhatinombe Hernani Vitorino
Published: October 2024

Mafic alkaline igneous rocks along with their weathering products, are a significant source of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and critical elements. One of mafic alkaline rock related to the REE and critical elements sources is lamproite. Therefore, understanding the formation of mafic alkaline especially lamproite rocks and their role in enriching REEs and critical elements is a crucial future scientific goal. Various methods utilized in this study, including optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), as well as whole-rock geochemical analyses using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry/Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-MS/OES). Based on mineralogical observations, it has been confirmed that the dykes from West Sulawesi as orendite lamproite rocks. Sanidine, phlogopite, diopside, and aegirine are the main minerals found in these rocks, including apatite and oxide minerals as an accessory mineral. The dykes' whole-rock geochemistry indicates an ultrapotassic nature with a K2O/Na2O ratio > 3. Lamproite dykes display an increase in the Large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and a decrease in Ti, Sr, and P, with minimal Eu anomalies. They also show an increase in the Light rare earth elements (LREEs), ranging from 901 to 1558 ppm, and a significantly higher content of Zr (968–3083 ppm), Th (152–408 ppm), and U (30–37 ppm). The dykes are related to an orogenic lamproite that formed during tectonic continental extension (post collision). It contained a significant portion of REE-Zr-Th bearing minerals, such as apatite (La-Ce-Nd), zirconosilicate (Zr-Ce), and Ba-perovskite (Zr-Th-Ce-Tb). The enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREEs), thorium (Th), and zirconium (Zr) in these dykes can be attributed to both primary and secondary enrichment processes, such as metasomatism and hydrothermal alteration. This is indicated by replacement or pseudomorphs, as well as a skeletal texture resulting from rapid cooling in a hydrothermal fluid environment.
دکتۆر هەژار حسێن والى
Authors: Wali Hazhar Hussein
Published: October 2024

لە ڕێزمانى بەرهەمهێنان بە تایبەت لە تیۆرى حوکمکردن‌و بەستنەوەدا، جەخت لەسەر ئەوە دەکرێتەوە، کە (ا) پڕۆژە سینتاکسییەکان بەرهەمى فەرهەنگن‌و لە فەرهەنگەوە سەرچاوەدەگرن، (ب) سەرە ڕێزمانییەکان دەبنە هەڵگرى ناوى پڕۆژەکان، بەڵام ئێمە لەم توێژینەوەیەدا لە ڕێگەى خستنەڕووى پرسیارێكى وەک: ئایا مەرجە هەر پڕۆژەیەکى سینتاکسى لێکەوتەى (X)ێکى دیاریکراو بێت؟ یاخود ئایا ڕێیتێدەچێت یەک پۆلەڕەگەزى فەرهەنگى دوو پڕۆژەى سینتاکسیى جیاواز بەرهەمبهێنێت؟ کە لە چوارچێوەى سێ گریمانەدا (ا- گریمانەى دوو پۆلەڕەگەزى فەرهەنگى بە دوو دەروازەى فەرهەنگییەوە، ب.- گریمانەى یەک پۆلەڕەگەزى فەرهەنگى بە دوو دەروازەى فەرهەنگییەوە، پ.- گریمانەى یەک پۆلەڕەگەزى فەرهەنگى بە یەک دەروازەى فەرهەنگییەوە) هەوڵى دەستخستنى وەڵامێکى گونجاوى بۆ دراوە، کارمان لەسەر دروستکردنى ئەو پڕۆژە سینتاکسییانە (پڕۆژەى فرێزى ئاوەڵناوى‌و ئاوەڵکردارى بە نموونە) کردووە، کە پۆلەڕەگەزە نیشانەکراوەکان بەهۆى جێکەوتەوە سازیاندەکەن. توێژینەوەکە بەو ئەنجامە گەیشتووە، کە بە یارمەتیى جێکەوتەى سینتاکسى دەتوانرێت پڕۆژەى ئاوەڵناوى لە "ناوى نیشانەکراو/ ناوى هەڵگرى ئەدگارى ئاوەڵناوىو پلە"، فرێزى ئاوەڵکرداریش لە "ناوى کات‌و ناوى شوێن‌و ئاوەڵناوو پلە" بەرهەمبهێنرێت‌.
Geographic analysis of soil moisture recorded and estimated in Erbil governorate
Authors: Omar Daban Kadhim
Published: October 2024

Calculating of soil moisture and its monitoring is one of the important processes of water balance and sustainable agriculture. The intended goal of this study is to determine soil moisture values in Erbil Governorate and reveal the correlation coefficient and the degree of influence between its values with the elevation and total annual rainfall. The importance of the study lies In its discussion of the accuracy of extracting soil moisture values using satellite images, by comparing its results with the soil moisture values recorded in the governorate’s climate stations, the study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is: The results of using satellite images to estimate soil moisture are inaccurate. It is closer than guessing, and the results of applying the linear regression process indicated that there was a significant statistical relationship between the soil moisture values recorded with the two factors of elevation and the total annual rainfall, where the probability values were less than 0.01 and the values of the degree of influence between them reached 0.583 and 0.491 for each of them, respectively.‏
RETRECISSEMENT MITRAL REVELE PAR UNE GROSSESSE GEMELLAIRE : A PROPOS DUN CAS ET REVUE DE LA LITTERATURE
Authors:   Centre de Cardiologie de lHopitalMilitairedInstruction Mohamed V - Universite Mohamed VRabat., Nacocan Mango D. , Djamba Lutundula M. ,   Centre de Cardiologie de lHopitalMilitairedInstruction Mohamed V - Universite Mohamed VRabat., Nabalim I. V. ,   Service de Cardiologie A CHU IBN-SINA Rabat., Hamissou I. ,   Service de Cardiologie A CHU IBN-SINA Rabat., Chimene Kitihoum ,   Service de Cardiologie A CHU IBN-SINA Rabat., Bucal Nacocan D. I. ,   Centre de Cardiologie de lHopitalMilitairedInstruction Mohamed V - Universite Mohamed VRabat., Abdoul Wahab KB ,   Service de Cardiologie A CHU IBN-SINA Rabat., J. Kheyi Pr. ,   Service de Gynecologue-obstetricien, Hopital de MaterniteCHU IBN-SINA Rabat., A. Benyass Pr. ,   Service de Gynecologue-obstetricien, Hopital de MaterniteCHU IBN-SINA Rabat.
Published: October 2024

Le retrecissementMitraleserre (RM) representeune affection severe. La grossesseestune situation bien connue de decompensation de cettevalvulopathie. La gestion dune RM serree pendant la grossessenecessiteune collaboration multidisciplinaireimpliquant le gynecologue-obstetricien, lanesthesiste et le cardiologue. Le traitement de reference pour la RM pendant la grossesseestactuellement la commissurotomiemitralepercutanee. Nous exposons la situation dun retrecissement Mitral serre chez une femme enceinte dunegrossessegemellaire de 32 semaines environ. Lobjectif de cette etude est de mettreenevidence la progression positive sous dilatation percutanee, memesi les complications maternelles et foetalessont plus eleveesencas de grossessegemellaire.
RARE CASE OF SPONTANEOUS HEMOPERICARDIUM IN A PATIENT RECEIVING APIXABAN: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Cardiology Department, Chartres Hospital Center, France., Bouanani Alaa Eddine El , Yousra Abbou-Ou-Cherif ,   Cardiology Department, Chartres Hospital Center, France.
Published: October 2024

Apixaban is a new oral anticoagulant (NOAC) available since 2012, indicated particularly for the prevention of embolic events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation [1]. It is a direct inhibitor of factor Xa, with a half-life of around 12 hours. This new anticoagulant is associated with a lower risk of bleeding than vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin and requires less monitoring [2]. However, several recently published cases have demonstrated a correlation between Apixaban and the occurrence of pericardial effusion. We report the case of a 75-year-old hypertensive man diagnosed with atrial fibrillation 3 months ago, treated with Apixaban 5mg twice daily. He presented to the emergency department with rapidly worsening dyspnea, and echocardiography revealed a large pericardial effusion requiring drainage. A full etiological work-up was carried out, revealing no underlying pathology or triggering event to explain his pericardial effusion. We believe that his recently introduced anticoagulant therapy is the true cause.
UNIVERSAL DESIGN FOR LEARNING (UDL) BASED INCLUSIVE CLASSROOMS: A SUSTAINABLE PATHWAY FOR CHILDREN WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Authors:   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation Science Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, India., Kapil Yashvinder , Sujathamalini J ,   Professor & Head, Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation Science Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, India., Halder Tarak ,   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation Science Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: October 2024

UDL is an outline designed to remove barriers to learning by foreseeing and addressing the varied needs of students. The principal goal of the study is to elucidate the implications of UDL as a sustainable pathway for children with mild intellectual disabilities CWMID to access inclusive classrooms. The existing status of education systems for CWMID necessitates changes in classroom environments to enhance accessibility. The UDL framework supports creating better systems to improve education for all learners in inclusive classrooms. It addresses the difficulties faced by children with mild intellectual disabilities CWMID in classrooms. It encourages teachers to develop multiple ways for students to access and engage with the learning environment, aiming for expected outcomes. The UDL framework helps teachers understand diverse learning strategies to be more inclusive, providing guidance and support to continue mastering knowledge and fostering holistic development for CWMID. This paper highlights the role of UDL in improving access for CWMID to inclusive classrooms and enhancing their academic performance. The UDL framework is frequently endorsed as an inclusive training strategy that integrates all students within modern classrooms. The authors discuss the importance of enhancing classroom learning strategies through UDL, creating a pathway for CWMID to access inclusive education.
EFFECT OF SCHOOL LEADERSHIP PRACTICES ON STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH IN PUBLIC DAY SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RWANDA
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Curriculum Study, Mount Kenya University Rwanda., Jean Mbatuyimana , Phd Hesbonopiyoandala ,   Lecturer, Department of Curriculum Study, Mount Kenya.
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of instructional leadership techniques on students\' English language competency in Rwandan public secondary schools. The research involved 5660 students, 10 head teachers, 156 English instructors, and 5 local authorities\' educational officials. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to gather data. The findings showed that school resource management and teachers\' behavior and attendance demonstrate leadership skills. Additionally, improved student behavior and greater cooperation reflect student performance. Exam outcomes, good teaching and learning, teacher conduct, school resource management, and collaborations with the community and parents were found to be significantly correlated with student performance. However, the association was negligible. The study recommends that transformational leaders in Rwanda improve student performance by fostering a positive school climate, promoting professional development, and enhancing English proficiency.
QURANIC VERSES RELATED TO HALAL SCIENCE: A STUDY APPLYING THE TAFSIR AL-MAWDUIYMETHOD
Authors:   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), UniversitiTeknologi MARA,Pulau Pinang Branch, PermatangPauh Campus, 13500 PermatangPauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia., Said Shahirah , Shukri Hanapi Mohd ,   Centre for Islamic Development Management Studies (ISDEV), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia., Sarah Izham Siti ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), UniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Ilmu 1/1, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Alyaa Abd Wakil Najwa ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), UniversitiTeknologi MARA,Pulau Pinang Branch, PermatangPauh Campus, 13500 PermatangPauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia., Raadiyah Abdullah Sakinatul ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), UniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM) Kedah Branch, Sungai Petani Campus, 08400 Merbok, Kedah, Malaysia.
Published: October 2024

To achieve success in the science and technology of halal, numerous kinds of stakeholders, including academics, industry players, and governmental entities, are making a major contribution. Simultaneously, there exists an interest in the discipline of philosophy that includes the discourse on epistemology, ontology, and axiology. This aims to inhibit the publics comprehension of halal science, which is fundamentally factual and scientific. As a result, the fundamental framework for comprehending halal science is through the study of the Quran. This paper analyzes the concept of halal science as presented in the Quran. This literature study employs a systematic approach of Tafsir al-Mawduiyto delineate and then examine the terminology of halal science in the Quran. The study identified three principal topics of halal science terminology in the Quran: first, the truth of the natural worlds creation second, revelation as the foundation of knowledge and third, human ethics and values. These three themes are the philosophy of Islamic science that are the basic paradigm in facing the theoretical issues of the halal science industry.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL ADAPTATION AMONG CHINESE INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia., Yue Niu , Binti Ahmed Bazari Nazeera ,   Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia., Xiaotong Sun ,   Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia., Liyao Xia ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Changlong Wang ,   Faculty of Sports Science & Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship and mechanisms influencing the positive psychological capital, social support and sociocultural adaptation of Chinese international students pursuing higher education in Malaysian universities. Through quantitative research methods, the mechanisms that facilitate or hinder the successful sociocultural adaptation of Chinese international students to a new sociocultural environment are revealed. Given the increasing popularity of cross-border international student mobility, this study is highly relevant and provides important insights into the potential opportunities and challenges posed by such mobility. The findings suggest a significant positive relationship between psychological resources (positive psychological capital) and sociocultural adaptation among Chinese overseas students. Meanwhile, social support played a partial mediating role, facilitating the transformation of internal strengths (psychological capital) to external outcomes (sociocultural adaptation). The findings of this study have important implications for university assistance programmes that aim to improve the success and well-being of Chinese overseas students by enhancing psychological resources. Furthermore, this investigation contributes fresh insights to the wider discourse on intercultural education, clarifying how psychological elements impact international student adjustment within such contexts. It serves as a foundation for crafting more impactful interventions targeted at mitigating acculturative stress encountered by international students during their overseas academic pursuits.