bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Определение типов оптических переходов и концентраций доноров и акцепторов в GaN по зависимости интенсивности фотолюминесценции от мощности возбуждения
Authors: Осинных И.В. , Александров И.А. , Малин Т.В. , Журавлев К.С.
Published: July 2022

Представлены результаты расчетной и экспериментальной зависимостей интенсивности фотолюминесценции от плотности мощности возбуждения для легированных кремнием слоев GaN, выращенных методом молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии. Показано, что анализ зависимости интенсивности фотолюминесценции от плотности мощности возбуждения с помощью модели электронных переходов в GaN при межзонной генерации электронно-дырочных пар позволяет определить механизм рекомбинации и концентрации доноров и акцепторов в полупроводнике. Ключевые слова: GaN, аммиачная МЛЭ, фотолюминесценция, гетероструктуры, точечные дефекты.
Высокоскоростные одномодовые вертикально-излучающие лазеры спектрального диапазона 1550 нм
Authors: Блохин С.А. , Бабичев А.В. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Новиков И.И. , Блохин А.А. , Бобров М.А. , Кузьменков А.Г. , Малеев Н.А. , Андрюшкин В.В. , Бугров В.Е. , Гладышев А.Г. , Денисов Д.В. , Воропаев К.О. , Жумаева И.О. , Устинов В.М. , Li H. , Tian S.С. , Han S.Y. , Сапунов Г.А. , Егоров А.Ю. , Bimberg D.
Published: July 2022

The results of complex studies of static and dynamic performance of 1550 nm-range VCSELs, which were created by direct bonding (wafer fusion technique) InAlGaAs/InP optical cavity wafers with AlGaAs/GaAs distributed reflector wafers grown by molecular beam epitaxy, are presented. The VCSELs with a buried tunnel junction diameter less than 7 μm demonstrated a single-mode lasing with a side-mode suppression ratio more than 40 dB; however, at diameters less than 5 μm, a sharp increase in the threshold current is observed. It is associated to the appearance of a saturable absorber due to penetration of optical mode into the non-pumped regions of the active region. The maximum single-mode output optical power and the–3 dB modulation bandwidth reached 4.5 mW and 8 GHz, respectively, at 20°C. The maximum data rate at 20ºC under non-return-to-zero on-off keying modulation was 23 Gb/s for a short-reach link based on single-mode fiber SMF-28. As the length of the optical link increased up to 2000 m, the maximum data rate dropped to 18 Gbit/s. The main factors affecting the high-speed operation and data transmission range are defined and discussed, and the further ways to overcome themit are proposed.
Исследование особенностей нанесения нанослоев Al-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- методом атомно-слоевого осаждения на структурированные пленки ITO
Authors: Марков Л.К. , Павлюченко А.С. , Смирнова И.П. , Меш М.В. , Колоколов Д.С. , Пушкарев А.П.
Published: July 2022

In this work, the antireflective nanostructured ITO/Al2O3 coatings that have a gradient of the effective refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the substrate plane have been studied. The coatings were obtained by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of aluminum oxide on the structured ITO films. The transmission electron microscopy showed that the deposited nanosized aluminum oxide layer was of good quality and uniformly covered the ITO whiskers. As shown in experiments, the thickness of the resulting Al2O3 layer is affected by the thickness and, hence, by the degree of surface roughness of the initial ITO film. The resulting thicknesses can be several times lower than that planned in the experiment, based both on the calculations of the parameters of the ALD process and on the direct measurements of the aluminum oxide deposition rate for unstructured ITO films. A possible reason that affects the growth rate of Al2O3 layers in nanostructured ITO films is a strong increase in the surface area of the ITO film during its structuring. So, the transmission and scanning microscopy data for a 700-nm-thick structured ITO film have shown that its surface area is more than 20 times greater than that of a smooth film.
Understanding Gender Biases and Differences in Web-Based Reviews of Sanctioned Physicians Through a Machine Learning Approach: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Barnett Julia , Bjarnadóttir Margrét Vilborg , Anderson David , Chen Chong
Published: July 2022

Background

Previous studies have highlighted gender differences in web-based physician reviews; however, so far, no study has linked web-based ratings with quality of care.

Objective

We compared a consumer-generated measure of physician quality (web-based ratings) with a clinical quality outcome (sanctions for malpractice or improper behavior) to understand how patients’ perceptions and evaluations of physicians differ based on the physician’s gender.

Methods

We used data from a large web-based physician review website and the Federation of State Medical Boards. We implemented paragraph vector methods to identify words that are specific to and indicative of separate groups of physicians. Then, we enriched these findings by using the National Research Council Canada word-emotion association lexicon to assign emotional scores to reviews for different subpopulations according to gender, gender and sanction, and gender and rating.

Results

We found statistically significant differences in the sentiment and emotion of reviews between male and female physicians. Numerical ratings are lower and sentiment in text reviews is more negative for women who will be sanctioned than for men who will be sanctioned; sanctioned male physicians are still associated with positive reviews.

Conclusions

Given the growing impact of web-based reviews on demand for physician services, understanding the different dynamics of reviews for male and female physicians is important for consumers and platform architects who may revisit their platform design.
Study Protocol and Preliminary Results of the Impact of Occupational Health Workers' Activities on Their Health: Nationwide Prospective Internet-Based Survey
Authors: Ikegami Kazunori , Yoshimoto Yasuro , Baba Hiroka , Sekoguchi Shingo , Ando Hajime , Ogami Akira
Published: July 2022

Background

Owing to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, work environments and systems, as well as occupational health measures or activities that fall within our research field, are constantly changing. It is necessary to assess the impact of these changes on the physical and mental health of workers.

Objective

To assess how occupational health measures affect the health of workers, we conducted a baseline, longitudinal internet-based survey among Japanese workers in October 2021 and additionally scheduled 2 follow-up surveys for 2022 and 2023. We describe the details of the protocol of the work systems and health internet research (WSHIR) study, provide an overview of the results of the baseline survey, and discuss the study procedures and data used in the study.

Methods

This prospective cohort study was conducted online among internet monitors. The baseline survey was conducted from October 1 to 7, 2021. This study targeted those who were working and between the ages of 20 and 69 years. A total of 5111 respondents who passed the screening survey and proceeded to the main survey were enrolled according to collection units organized by sex and age. For the screening and main surveys, the questionnaire consisted of 9 and 33 items with 9 and 55 questions, respectively. Consistency and completeness checks were performed after the questionnaires were submitted. We compared basic characteristics, such as sex, age group, educational background, and marital status, among all participants, including those who withdrew from the analysis.

Results

Of the 5111 initial survey respondents, 571 (11.2%) were considered fraudulent. The data of the remaining 4540 (88.8%) participants (2273, 50.1%, males; 2267, 49.9%, females) included in the analysis were well balanced across participant sex and age groups according to the sampling plan because there was no significant difference by sex and age group using the chi-square test for checking the distribution bias of the participants (P=.84). Compared to female participants, male participants tended to be more likely to be managers and supervisors (323, 14.2%, males; 86, 3.8%, females), to work in a secondary industry (742, 32.6%, males; 357, 15.7%, females), and to have an annual income of ≥5 million yen (976, 42.9%, males; 429, 18.9%, females). For the evaluation of a psychological indicator, Kessler 6 (K6) score, by sex and age group, the characteristics of the score distribution of the included participants were similar to those reported in previous studies.

Conclusions

This study presents a protocol and overview of the results of an internet-based occupational health survey of workers. Using the results of this survey, we hope to evaluate the changes in occupational health activities and their impact on workers' health while controlling for the COVID-19 pandemic.
Reducing Crowding in Emergency Departments With Early Prediction of Hospital Admission of Adult Patients Using Biomarkers Collected at Triage: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Monahan Ann Corneille , Feldman Sue S , Fitzgerald Tony P
Published: July 2022

Background

Emergency department crowding continues to threaten patient safety and cause poor patient outcomes. Prior models designed to predict hospital admission have had biases. Predictive models that successfully estimate the probability of patient hospital admission would be useful in reducing or preventing emergency department “boarding” and hospital “exit block” and would reduce emergency department crowding by initiating earlier hospital admission and avoiding protracted bed procurement processes.

Objective

To develop a model to predict imminent adult patient hospital admission from the emergency department early in the patient visit by utilizing existing clinical descriptors (ie, patient biomarkers) that are routinely collected at triage and captured in the hospital’s electronic medical records. Biomarkers are advantageous for modeling due to their early and routine collection at triage; instantaneous availability; standardized definition, measurement, and interpretation; and their freedom from the confines of patient histories (ie, they are not affected by inaccurate patient reports on medical history, unavailable reports, or delayed report retrieval).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study evaluated 1 year of consecutive data events among adult patients admitted to the emergency department and developed an algorithm that predicted which patients would require imminent hospital admission. Eight predictor variables were evaluated for their roles in the outcome of the patient emergency department visit. Logistic regression was used to model the study data.

Results

The 8-predictor model included the following biomarkers: age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, temperature, gender, and acuity level. The model used these biomarkers to identify emergency department patients who required hospital admission. Our model performed well, with good agreement between observed and predicted admissions, indicating a well-fitting and well-calibrated model that showed good ability to discriminate between patients who would and would not be admitted.

Conclusions

This prediction model based on primary data identified emergency department patients with an increased risk of hospital admission. This actionable information can be used to improve patient care and hospital operations, especially by reducing emergency department crowding by looking ahead to predict which patients are likely to be admitted following triage, thereby providing needed information to initiate the complex admission and bed assignment processes much earlier in the care continuum.
Contribution of mesoscale eddies to energy of the Lofoten Basin
Authors: Travkin Vladimir , Zhmur Vladimir , Belonenko Tatiana
Published: July 2022

A comparative assessment of the contribution of eddies and other dynamic structures to the energy of the Lofoten Basin is carried out. The basis of the study is the data of global ocean reanalysis GLORYS12V1 for 1993–2019. We estimate the total kinetic and potential energy as well as the corresponding contribution of eddy energy for a region bounded by an isobath of 3000 m. We use the method of automatic identification of vortices for the analysis which allows us to calculate the eddy kinetic and potential energy in the automatically selected areas of the eddies. We establish that the potential energy of both cyclones and anticyclones is on average 2–3 times higher than the kinetic
energy values, and the energy values of kinetic and potential for anticyclones dominate relative to the energy of cyclones. We also consider the interannual variability and seasonal course of eddy kinetic and potential energy. The seasonal course revealed an increase in both types of energy in the winter months. It is established that the contribution of eddies to the total energy of the basin is small. The contribution of eddy kinetic energy to the total energy of the basin is 7.3%, and the contribution of eddy potential energy is 8.4%. This means that the main contribution to the energy of the basin is made not by mesoscale eddies, but by other dynamic structures i.e. filaments and background flow.
The Effectiveness of Classroom Exercises in the Teaching and Learning of Creative Writing in Tertiary Institutions
Authors: Emike Acheoah John , Abdulkarim Zainab
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the effectiveness of classroom exercises in the teaching and learning of Creative Writing in tertiary institutions. The exercises presented in this study are restricted to the three basic genres of literature: drama, prose and poetry. In contemporary scholarship, Creative Writing is part of the curriculum of tertiary education. Creative Writing programmes continue to develop in different parts of the world, with emphasis on workshops which promote the acquisition of the craft through different pedagogical approaches. The thrust of such approaches is that creative writing courses can be significantly assessed to measure individualistic progress of the learners. Creative Writing exercises test and evaluate discrete skills in the course. Hinging on the Non-traditional Academic Approach which posits that evaluation is crucial in the teaching and learning of Creative Writing, this study concludes that classroom exercises are potent instruments for teaching and learning Creative Writing in tertiary institutions.
Can Creative Art Activities Contribute to Social Emotional Communication in Online Groups during the COVID 19 Pandemic?
Authors: Harvey Steve , Kelly E. C. , Cruz Kassidee
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the authors review a single session in which a small group of participants from different countries within the Asian Pacific region used creative arts improvisation to develop collaborative expression of their subjective experiences during the COVID health crisis. During this review, the authors consider if meaningful communication could develop among the participants and how such exchanges might be expanded to contribute to communities and within an international context. The group was conducted online, and the members were from Guam, China and another woman from India currently studying in New Zealand. The improvisational expressions consisted of dance, vocal music, art, poetry, and fairy tale making followed by discussion. The general themes from this collection of images that emerged from the improvisations ranged from disconnection to positive connection towards each other and a renewal of hope. These developments occurred online and among people from different countries. Some of these participants did not know each other prior to the meeting and others did not share a primary language. The authors use this review to suggest some potential guidelines that might apply to other projects that address community responses to the current pandemic and possible cross-cultural connections during times of crisis.
The Structural Relationship between Emotional Support, Grit, and Psychological Well-being: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of the Type of Early Childhood Education Institutions
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Sook Mi , Kim Bo Hyun , Koo Kwang Hyun
Published: July 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship between emotional support, grit, and psychological well-being perceived by early childhood teachers and to investigate the moderating effect of the type of early childhood education institutions. Methods The participants of the study were 670 teachers working at kindergartens and daycare centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi, Incheon Province. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS 23.0 program. We analyzed the structural relationship between social support, reflective thinking, and teacher efficacy by applying a structural equation model. The bootstrapping was conducted to verify the significance of the mediating effect. A multi-group analysis was conducted to analyze the moderating effect of the type of early childhood education institution. Results As a result of analyzing the structural relationship between emotional support, grit, and psychological well-being, emotional support was found to have a positive effect on grit and psychological well-being, respectively, and grit was analyzed to have a positive effect on psychological well-being. Also, grit was found to mediate emotional support and psychological well-being positively. The moderating effect of the type of early childhood education institutions was significant only in the kindergarten teacher group in the relationship between emotional support and psychological well-being. Conclusions The above results suggest that it be necessary to support the recognition of emotional support in order to promote psychological well-being of the kindergarten teacher group while it need to enhance grit through emotional support in order to facilitate psychological well-being of the daycare center teacher group.
The Impact of Nursing Students’ Work Value and Nursing Professional Value on Career Preparation Behavior
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Oh Ji Hyun , Lim You Jin
Published: July 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate work value and nursing professional value and career preparation behavior of nursing students by grade and to identify factors influencing career preparation behavior. Methods The participants were 326 nursing college students in one university located in G-city. Data were collected by them using a self-questionnaire from November 29th to December 9th of 2021. Data were analyzed us-ing one-way ANOVA, Scheffė test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 19.0 PC+. Results The mean score for work value was 3.98, nursing professional value was 3.74 and career preparation behavior was 3.20. Significant differences were found in one subdomain of work value(extrinsic work value), Four subdomains of nursing professional value(self-concept of profession, social awareness, the roles of nursing service, originality of nursing) and three subdomains of career preparation behavior(information gathering behavior, tool preparation behavior, practical efforts) to grade. work value, nursing professional value and career preparation behavior had significant positive correlations. Factors influencing career preparation behavior were social awareness, originality of nursing, the roles of nursing service and extrinsic work value, which explained about 29.4% of total variance. Conclusions These results indicate a need to develop and operate a step-by-step career curriculum considering the above predictors in order to choose a job that suits their interests and aptitudes and improve their job adaptation after employment among nursing students.
An Analysis of Elementary School Teacher's Interaction with Students in Project Based Learning
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Im Seul-A , Kim Hyunwook
Published: July 2022

Objectives This study focused on the interaction between teachers and students among the various characteristics of project based learning, and attempted to reveal the characteristics by observing project-based elementary school classes. Methods To this end, The AF analysis was used to analyze the language interaction between teachers and students, and the CLASS analysis was used to analyze the ‘emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support’ interaction between teachers and students. In addition, Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to confirm the correlation between the Flanders area analysis, the Flanders Top 10 Index, and the CLASS analysis. In addition, Classes were classified by type to confirm the results of the interaction analysis of ‘emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support’ according to the type of language interaction, and the results were compared. Results First, In the project based learning, the ratio of items 0 (others) was the highest, followed by items 5 (lecture), items 9 (student-led remarks), and items 4 (teacher's questions). Second, In the project based learning, the index in which teachers accept students' opinions or emotions and the index in which students take the initiative in asking and speaking were high. In addition, the index of teachers asking questions using students' remarks was also high. On the other hand, In the project based learning, the index in which teachers criticize students or justify teachers' authority was low. Third, In the project based learning, the flow of ‘teacher's lecture-nonverbal situation-teacher's lecture’ was high. Fourth, In the project based learning, the ‘emotional support’ area was the highest, followed by the ‘classroom organization’ and ‘instructional support’ area. However, the average for all three areas showed a moderate or higher level, and the deviation was not large, showing a similar tendency. Conclusions First, Project based learning is a class that utilize directive remarks from teachers to induce student-led inquiry activities. Second, Project based learning is a class that emphasizes the attitude of warm-hearted acceptance of students' opinions or emotions without advocating the authority of teachers. Third, Project based learning is a class with a high percentage of students leading throughout the class. Fourth, Project based learning is a class that mainly utilize teachers' questions as feedback on students' remarks. Fifth, Project based learning is a class in which non-verbal situations such as student-led inquiry activities or waiting time for student to think account for a high percentage. Sixth, The flow of project based learning is at a very high rate of ‘teacher's lectures-nonverbal situations-teacher's lectures’. Seventh, Project based learning is a class in which interactions through ‘emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support’ appear positively.
A study on subjectivity of university students’ perception of non-face-to-face counseling using Q methodology
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Jwa Gyeom , Hwang Soon Won , Lee Sang Hee
Published: July 2022

Objectives This study aims to contribute to revitalization as a follow-up study of non-face-to-face counseling by finding out the subjectivity and characteristics of non-face-to-face counseling among university students. Methods To this end, a total of 13 days from November 2 to November 15, 2021, using the Q method that comprehensively deals with individual values, attitudes, perceptions, and meanings, and can deal with university students' comprehensive perception of non-face-to-face counseling First, 98 statements were extracted through literature analysis, and secondarily, 1 each for a counselor with non-face-to-face counseling experience, a university student with non-face-to-face counseling experience, a counselor with face-to-face counseling experience, and a university student with face-to-face counseling experience. A total of 132 statements were derived by adding 25 statements through an interview with a total of 4 persons each, and 25 university students were selected as 010-8234-9408-samples and Q classification was performed. The collected data was analyzed using PC-QUANL Program. Results Type 1 is ‘non-face-to-face counseling trusting the effect of non-face-to-face counseling’, Type 2 is ‘non-face-to-face counseling non-preferential type that feels the limit of interaction in non-face-to-face space’, Type 3 is ‘non-face-to-face counseling is the next best thing’ ‘Preference for face-to-face counseling’ and Type 4 were ‘Preference for non-face-to-face counseling that feels comfortable in a non-face-to-face space’. Conclusions Through the results of this study, the subjective perception structure of university students was classified and confirmed by focusing on the recognition of non-face-to-face counseling by university students, and it is expected to be used as basic data to increase university students' access to non-face-to-face counseling.
Multiple-Group Meta-Path Analysis of Defending Behavior in the Relationships among Sense of School Community, Peer Relationship, and the Social Emotional Competence in Primary and Secondary School
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kwon Ji-Woog , Park Jong-Hyo
Published: July 2022

Objectives The current study aimed to explore the relationship between a person and its embedded ecological systems using multi-group (primary vs. secondary) meta-path analysis. Through this, the significance of the indirect effect of social-emotional competence was determined in the path model of connecting environmental variables of sense of school community and peer relationship to defending behavior. Finally, we tested whether the mediating effect of social-emotional competence in the entire group differed by school level (primary vs. secondary). Methods A multi-group meta-path analysis was conducted on domestic academic journals (29 articles), master's and doctoral dissertations, and candidates for entry journals (28 articles) from 2007 to June 2021. Two-step processes were performed for meta-path analysis (a) the mean correlation coefficient, that is, a pooled correlation matrix was obtained using the random effect model for the correlation between each study, and (b) direct and indirect effects were examined using meta-path analyses. Results In the meta-path analysis for entire and middle school students, direct and indirect effects were significant in all paths among the sense of school community factor, the peer relationship factor, the social-emotional competence factor, and the defending behavior factor. However, in elementary school students, social-emotional competencies mediated fully the relationship between the sense of school community and defending behavior. Still, social-emotional competence did not mediate the relationship between peer relations and defending behavior. Conclusions This study confirmed that elementary and middle school students had different pathways in the model in which sense of school community and peer relationship impacted the defending behavior through individual social-emotional competence.
The Structural Relationship among Perception of Flipped Learning, Teaching Presence, and Class Participation Intention: Multi-group Analysis according to Participation in Flipped Learning Courses
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jo Hyeyoung
Published: July 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship among flipped learning perception, teaching presence, and class participation intention, and to analyze them according to participation in flipped learning courses using a multi-group analysis. Methods The subjects of this study were 1,106 students who had taken flipped learning courses in the first semester of 2021 at A University. It was analyzed by the multi-group structural equation and the structural relationship among variables using the SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs. The validity of the instrument was verified through exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results These are the main results. First, the measurement model was suitable, and the teaching presence mediated partially in the process of flipped learning perception affecting class participation intention. Second, the results of multi-group analysis based on the participation in flipped learning courses showed that flipped learning perception had a stronger influence on the students who didn’t take flipped learning courses than those who participated in flipped learning courses, which proves the partial adjustment effect. Conclusions It suggests ways to raise awareness of innovative teaching courses and promote an efficient curriculum for students who take flipped learning courses. In addition, these findings are meaningful in that they provide basic data for the internalization of education innovation.
Current Status of Research and Practice in ESD: Focused on the Secondary School Subject Areas
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Chung Sueim , Yu Eun-Jeong
Published: July 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of research and practice in ESD focusing on secondary school subjects to reorganize ESD elements around the subject curriculum, which is one axis of the school curriculum. Methods After analyzing the studies that were searched from the keywords ESD from RISS, the study investigated the status of the perception and practice of secondary school teachers teaching Korean language, social studies, mathematics, science, foreign language/Chinese/Liberal arts, physical education/art, practical skills/other subjects nationwide through an online survey. The Excel program and SPSS Statistics 27 program were used for the analysis, trends were identified with descriptive statistics, and statistical significance was examined with one-way ANOVA. Results As a result of the study, although the majority of studies were conducted on elementary school students, comparing only the secondary school level, research was mainly conducted for science and social studies subjects in high schools, and practical/other subjects in middle schools. Teachers in science and social studies, where ESD research is active, responded that the degree of ESD reflection was similar to the general and subject curriculum. Whereas in subjects like Korean language and mathematics, with insufficient ESD research, teachers responded that the degree of ESD reflection was lower in the subject curriculum compared to the general curriculum. Excluding the mathematics department, it can be seen that the subject connection is salient when teaching ESD as a subject learning topic. Regarding the difficulties experienced while practicing ESD, teachers in social studies, foreign language/Chinese/Liberal Arts, physical education/arts, and practical/other subjects chose students' lack of interest and awareness, and mathematics teachers chose teachers’ lack of professionalism. Conclusions The results of this study have great significance in that it explored the necessity of promoting integrated education focusing on the theme of each subject by acknowledging the independence and differentiation of each subject’s unique content and themes in secondary schools like Korea where there is a clear division between subjects.
Research Trends on Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality-based CPR training
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Chung Soojin , Lee Jeongim
Published: July 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine research trends on VR/AR-based CPR training to provide key information on VR/AR-based CPR training, to explore utilization methods of VR/AR in CPR training in South Korea and directions for future research. Methods Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, and PubMed were searched using keywords from ‘Virtual reality (VR)’, ‘Augmented reality (AR)’, ‘Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)’, and ‘Basic Life Support (BLS)’. Among 1,065 academic articles obtained, 29 papers meeting the criteria were selected by reading the titles and abstracts and excluding papers unrelated to the topic and duplicates. The research design, method, and main results of each literature were scrutinized. Results Research related to CPR training using VR/AR technology has recently increased rapidly, mainly in the United States and European countries. Many are to check the usability of equipment/devices used VR/AR technology or to explore the user's perspectives, and some to see the effects of training for health care workers and college students in related areas. The use of VR/AR in CPR training appeared in various ways regarding the method of platform and feedback. VR/AR based CPR training is an attractive approach, and positive training outcomes are reported but some are not. Conclusions The advantages of VR/AR based CPR training are clear, but the training method is not standardized and remains in the stage of dissemination, thus it should be careful in interpreting it as effective enough to replace traditional CPR training. In South Korea, it is needed to use VR/AR technology as an auxiliary in CPR training to take advantage of its benefits and to increase in research with high level of evidence.
Exploring the educational value of young children’s participatory wall displays in early childhood classrooms as a communication space
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang Jinju , Goh Eun Kyoung
Published: July 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the educational value of young children’s participatory wall displays in early childhood classrooms as a communication space Methods To this end, the literature was reviewed, on exhibition discourse in the field of art, which has made a systematic discourse on wall display of art works to emphasize communication and participation; and the discourse in the field of education to see classroom walls as a communication space. The review shows that the discourse of wall display attempted to break down the boundaries of space, time, relationship, and authority. Based on this content, the study explores the specific educational value of young children’s participatory wall display as a communication space in the early childhood classroom. Results As a result, the wall display in the early childhood classroom can be a place where various stories are mixed by breaking the boundaries of space, where the current interest and learning of young children continue through breaking the boundaries of time, and where children communicate through referencing reciprocally by breaking the boundaries of relationships; then, this become a public space where children's participation is activated through breaking down the boundaries of authority. Conclusions The result implies that the children’ participatory wall display can become a forum for public discussion within the classroom, suggest a new understanding of the children's classroom space, and help practicing the children-and-play-centered curriculum emphasized by the 2019 revised Nuri Curriculum.
Evaluation Of Lipid Profile In Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: V.P.Nivedhini  , Dr.B.Shanthi  , M.Mahalakshmi  , E.Vasudevan  , K.Sumathi
Published: July 2022

Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as a slight increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with normal levels of thyroxine (T4). Hypothyroidism could be associated with altered lipid panels. This study aimed at evaluating the association between hypothyroidism and altered lipid profile. Data of 54 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 54 healthy individuals were collected from SBMCH laboratory. The participants belong to the age group of 20-50 years. Patients with TSH in the range of 4.2 to 10 mU/L, and T4 in the range 0.8 to 2.8 ng/dL were ruled out as hypothyroid. Control had a normal TSH ranging from 0.5 to 4.2 mU/L. The total serum cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) levels were examined in both groups and the results were recorded. Participants with hypothyroidism had significantly higher LDL and lower HDL levels than the control group irrespective of age group and gender (P-value <0.001), but no difference in TG and TC levels (P-value <0.05) were observed. The prevalence of dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism was only significant in females (P-value =0.009). There was significant correlation between the prevalence of dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism regardless of gender (P-value =0.04). Hypothyroidism is associated with dyslipidemia, and biochemical screening for dyslipidemia is recommended in all patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.
Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis by Genetically Engineered Biological Drugs: A Case Study.
Authors: Nadezhda Vladimirovna Zhuravleva , Olga Viktorovna Sharapova , Liudmila Ivanovna Gerasimova , Valentina Nikolaevna Diomidova , Tatiana Lvovna Smirnova , Nadezhda Dmitrievna Ukhterova , Luiza Michailovna Karzakova , Anastasia Vladimirovna Arkhipova , Svetlana Alexandrovna Yastrebova
Published: July 2022

The current modern treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis is the genetically engineered biological drug rituximab. This drug helps to low the active rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of the study is to find and evaluate the clinical efficacy of rituximab . We present our own clinical observation of rituximab use in RA treatment of a female patient. We made the clinical assessment of the patient's condition with the use of clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods. We made diagnostics with the use of the ACR/EULAR (American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) criteria. ESR, concentration of C-reactive protein, IgM of rheumatoid factor, antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide were determined. In 2007 the patient was diagnosed RA. She received the treatment with methotrexate, metipred, sulfasalazine, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, leflunomide, diprospan, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). There was no effect. She had the total right & left knee joints arthroplasty. In 2009, according to blood tests she had: ESR according to Westegren is 90 mm/h, antibodies to cyclic citrulline-containing peptide (AB-CCP) is 500 U/ml, CRP 121.3 mg/l, RF 125.7 IU / ml. She had the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, seropositive, grade 3 activity according to the DAS activity index 28 = 6.11 points with extra-articular manifestations (rheumatoid nodules) late stage, erosive (radiologically stage III), AB-CCP (+), FTS III. She started to receive rituximab therapy. Due to the durable inflammation, the secondary amyloidosis has started. At the same time the secondary systematic osteoporosis has started. We continued the rituximab therapy & zolendronic acid. The RA activity was low (according to the DAS index 28 = 2.95 points). In our study we found that the genetically engineered biological preparation (GEBP) rituximab is effective in the rheumatoid arthritis modern therapy.
Impacts of climate change and human activities on streamflow of Upper Yongding River Basin, North China
Authors: Deng Liqiang , Guo Ying , Qi Yongqing , Shen Yan-Jun , Shen Yanjun
Published: July 2022

Streamflow in semiarid area is facing rapidly decreasing, especially in
North China, which make it important to analyse the characteristics and
influencing factors of streamflow. Using hydro-meteorological data
series during 1961-2017 in the Upper Yongding River Basin (UYRB)(
including Yang River Basin (YRB) and Sanggan River Basin (SRB)),
Spatio-temporal variation characteristics of air temperature,
precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (E )
were analysed. Results showed that: precipitation has no significant
trend; temperature shows a significant increase by 0.09–0.52℃ per
decade; E shows a significant decrease from -0.18
mm/yr to -2.04 mm/yr (in 18 stations); the estimated rates of streamflow
change are –0.74, –0.80mm/yr for SRB and YRB. As to spatial
distribution: the YRB presents a higher E value than
the SRB; and the mountain area has more precipitation than the
plain area. And the change points of streamflow occurred in 1982 and
2003. Both Budyko and DMC method were used to evaluate the impacts of
climate change and human activities on mean annual streamflow. In the
variation stage Ⅰ (1983~2003), impacts of human
activities account for 90.6% and 62.7% of the mean annual streamflow
changes in YRB and SRB, respectively. In the variation stage Ⅱ
(2004~2017), the percentages are 99.5% and 93.5%,
respectively. It is also noted that the first change point in streamflow
was indeed at the beginning of China’s land reform, when the farmers can
manage their reallocated lands and therefore increased agricultural
water consumption. The second change point coincided with “Capital
Water Resources Planning” including water conservation projects and
irrigation district construction programs. In general, human activities
were mainly responsible for the significant decline in the annual
streamflow of UYRB. This paper will provide valuable results for water
resources planning and give guidance to the construction of water
conservation function area and ecological environment support area of
capital.
Characteristics of evapotranspiration and crop coefficient correction at a permafrost swamp meadow in Dongkemadi watershed, the Source of Yangtze River in interior Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Guo Hao-nan , He Xiaobo , ding yongjian , Fan Yawei , Fu Hui , Hong Xiaofeng
Published: July 2022

Evapotranspiration is an essential element of the hydrological process.
Estimating evapotranspiration at polar regions is challenging. Different
results were obtained based on observation and simulation by the FAO
Penman-Monteith equation (FAO P-M), and FAO P-M was found to be
inadequate to estimate the evapotranspiration in alpine swamp meadows
with exposed water. Based on the characteristics and main influencing
factors of observed actual evapotranspiration, the coefficient of FAO
P-M was modified to better simulate the actual evapotranspiration in the
alpine swamp meadow area. Our results indicated that (1) both ET
measured by the eddy covariance system and ET
calculated by FAO P-M had the same trend at the daily
and annual scales and hysteresis was confirmed. (2) The annual ET
was 566.97 mm and annual ET /P was
0.76, and about 11.19% of ET occurred during night.
(3) The main influencing factors during growing season were the R
, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and g
, and those during non-growing season were volumetric
soil water content (VSWC), R , soil temperature (ST),
precipitation (P), and W . (4) The basic corrected K
was 1.14 during the initial and mid-growing season,
1.05 during subsequent growing season, and 0-0.25 during the non-growing
season.
A MOSQUITO SURVEY OF CULICIDAE SPECIES AT EDİRNE CENTRAL DISTRICT FOR DISEASE VECTOR
Authors: ŞAKACI Zafer , ÇAMLITEPE Yılmaz
Published: July 2022

Mosquitoes are the most important vectors that can transmit many diseases agents to humans and animals. This study was conducted in Edirne central district between July 2017 and July 2018 to identify important vector mosquito species, determine their seasonality and distribution pattern in general terms. Larvae, pupae, and adults were collected from areas assessed as being particularly suitable for medically important species included in the genus of Aedes, Culex, and Anopheles. In addition to the foci naturally found in the areas, ovitraps placed in the proper points were also used. As a result, 3155 female and 353 male mosquitoes belonging to 13 species of 5 genera were obtained. Among these species, Anopheles sacharovi (the primary vector of malaria in Turkey) and Culex pipiens s.l. (the primary vector of West Nile Fever) has been recognized as a public health threat to the province. An. sacharovi was represented at a very low population level, while Cx. pipiens s.l. was determined as the most common and dense species in the study area. Known to have a high preference for warmer climate compared to members of the Anopheles maculipennis s.l., An. sacharovi has the risk of increasing its population in the region with possible global warming in the future. The importance of this risk increases even more since rice production is widespread especially in Edirne and this species can use the paddy fields as an effective breeding place. While Aedes caspius was commonly encountered, Ae. albopictus was not found during the field observation and ovitrap controls.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BLACK FLY FAUNA (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE) OF TURKEY WITH A NEW RECORD FROM THE WESTERN BLACK SEA REGION
Authors: FİDAN Ebru Ceren , ŞİRİN Ümit
Published: July 2022

Despite Anatolia's rich biodiversity potential, the blackfly fauna of Turkey has not been fully explored. 15 blackfly species from 73 different lotic habitats from the Western Black Sea Region have been reported. One species, Simulium (Nevermannia) carthusiense Grenier & Dorier, 1959 is new for the Turkish fauna. 10 species have been recorded from this region for the first time. The material was mainly collected in the spring from 2016 to 2018. Distributional remarks both in Turkey and world are given along with brief taxonomic evaluations for each species.
PRESS OF ZHYTOMYR REGION DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Authors:   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Partyko Zinovij , Kravchuk Maria ,   Newspaper "20 Minutes"
Published: July 2022

38 newspaper editions of the Zhytomyr region during the Second World War (1939-1945) was selected as the object of the study. The subject of the study is the conditions of origin of newspapers, the peculiarities of their operation and time of publication, as well as the features of the materials of these publications. Research methods are traditional analysis (qualitative); historical method; logical method; synthesis; generalization. It is expedient to divide newspaper editions into legal editions of the Ukrainian independence movement; official German publications; underground Soviet publications; underground nationalist publications. After the occupation, the first newspapers began to appear in the Zhytomyr region in late summer and early autumn 1941, and the most were influenced by the independence movement. Immediately, the occupying German authorities, using censorship, launched a propaganda campaign about the benefits of the "new order". From the end of November 1941, the publications came under the control of the occupying German government and became its main information and propaganda body. One of the tools of alternative propaganda influence on the local population was the underground Soviet periodicals. For some time an underground nationalist publication was published in the region but had no significant impact on the population. Since 1944 (the time of the return of the Soviet army) all publications of the Ukrainian independence movement, the German official press and nationalist periodicals have ceased to be published. Only one of the underground pro-Soviet newspapers, which became official, continued to be published. Comparison of the number of publications on the territory of Zhytomyr region in the war, pre-war and post-war periods gives grounds to hypothesize that the possible dependence of the number of publications from the degree of freedom of the press. The study of foreign language periodicals, in particular in Polish, remains promising.