bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Insight into Kounis Syndrome: Bridging Clinical knowledges with Forensic Perspectives
Authors: Forzese Elena , Pitrone Claudia , Cianci Vincenzo , Sapienza Daniela , Ieni Antonio , Tornese Lorenzo , Cianci Alessio , Gualniera Patrizia , Asmundo Alessio , Mondello Cristina
Published: December 2023

The Kounis syndrome (KS) is an acute coronary syndrome triggered by allergic or hypersensitiv-ity reactions. Incidence rates vary, with studies reporting 19.4 per 100.000 among all admissions and 3.4% among allergy patients. This review explores the expanding understanding of KS, en-compassing various manifestations, and focusing on both clinical data and forensic findings useful in performing the diagnosis. The pathophysiology of this syndrome involves a complex in-terplay between allergic reactions and the cardiovascular system. Mast cell activation, histamine release, leukotrienes, cytokines, and platelet activation can contribute to the coronary events. A classification system with three types (Allergic Angina, Allergic Myocardial Infarction, Allergic Stent Thrombosis) aids in categorizing presentations. The diagnosis of KS relies on clinical presentation, laboratory findings and imaging. Post mortem assessment of KS is based on the in-tegration of circumstantial data, autopsy and histological findings. Biochemical and immuno-histochemical analyses also contribute to post-mortem diagnosis.
In conclusion, a combined, multidisciplinary approach, should be gained to ease diagnostic pro-cess which is crucial for forensic practitioners in confirming KS occurrence.
Influence of the Thermal Insulation Thickness of Walls on the Heating Demand of an Existing Dwelling
Authors: Maxineasa Sebastian George , Isopescu Dorina Nicolina , Baciu Ioana Roxana , Cojocaru Alexandra , Moga Ligia Mihaela
Published: December 2023

The present state of the natural environment is significantly influenced by the construction sector. Due to the large amounts of consumed natural resources and materials as well as the high volume of emitted pollutants, the building industry is considered to have a key influence in achieving a global sustainable development. A considerable part of the ecological impact of the built environment is influenced by the energy consumed for creating appropriate indoor conditions as well as by the greenhouse gases that are emitted during the operation stage of a building’s life cycle. Therefore, the energy performances of existing buildings must be significantly improved in the near future. This paper analyzes the influence of the thermal insulation thickness of walls on the linear thermal transmittances and the heating demand of an existing building. The resulted values show that while increasing the insulation of the walls leads to a serious heat demand reduction, a deep renovation of the building cannot be achieved solely by using this solution.
Chromosome-Level Assemblies for the Pine Pitch Canker Pathogen Fusarium circinatum
Authors: De Vos Lieschen , Van der Nest Magriet A , Santana Quentin C , Van Wyk Stephanie , Leeuwendaal Kyle S. , Wingfield Brenda D , Steenkamp Emma T
Published: December 2023

The pine pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum, is globally regarded as one of the most important threads to commercial pine-based forestry. Although genome sequences of this fungus are available, these remain highly fragmented or structurally ill-defined. Our overall goal was to provide high-quality assemblies for two notable strains of F. circinatum, and to characterize these in terms of coding content, repetitiveness, and the position of telomeres and centromeres. For this purpose, we used Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION long read sequences, as well as Illumina short sequence reads. By leveraging the genomic synteny inherent to F. circinatum and its close relatives, these sequence reads were assembled to chromosome-level, where contiguous sequences mostly spanned from telomere to telomere. Comparative analyses unveiled remarkable variability in the twelfth and smallest chromosome, which is known to be dispensable. It presented a striking length polymorphism, with one strain lacking substantial portions from the chromosome's distal and proximal regions. These regions, characterized by a lower gene density and G+C content and an increased prevalence of repetitive elements, contrast starkly with the syntenic segments of the chromosome, as well as with the core chromosomes. We propose that these unusual regions might have arisen or expanded due to the presence of transposable elements. Comparison of overall chromosome structure revealed that centromeric elements often underpin intrachromosomal differences between F. circinatum strains, especially at chromosomal breakpoints. This suggested a potential role for centromeres in shaping the chromosomal architecture of F. circinatum and its relatives. The publicly available genome data generated here, together with the detailed metadata provided, represent essential resources for future studies of this important plant pathogen.
The Effect of Laser Surface Remelting on the Surface Properties of Copper
Authors: Li Hengzheng , Chen Shuai , Chen Yang , Tao Zichen , Liu Conghu
Published: December 2023

In order to improve the wear resistance of copper contacts in high-voltage switches and improve the abnormal discharge phenomenon caused by wear gaps, laser remelting technology was used to strengthen the surface of copper contacts. The surface morphology, microhardness, and wear resistance of the remelted samples were tested and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness tester, and friction and wear tester. The test results indicate that laser frequency, pulse width, and current parameters can directly affect the surface morphology and wear resistance of the sample, but their influencing processes vary. The laser frequency is achieved by the variation of the superposition relationship between the impact points, while the pulse width and current are achieved by the variation of the laser intensity at the impact points. When the pulse frequency is 10Hz, the pulse width is 10ms, and the current is 100A, the sample exhibits a more balanced surface morphology, microhardness, and wear resistance.
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Adsorption from Natural Gas Using Silver Modified 13X Molecular Sieve
Authors: Abdirakhimov Mirzokhid , Al-Rashed Mohsen H. , Wójcik Janusz
Published: December 2023

The removal of H2S from natural gas and other gases such as biogas, refinery gases, and coal gas is required because H2S is toxic and corrosive, even in traces. Zeolites are widely used in the removal of H2S from the above-mentioned gases. In this work, we prepared an Ag-exchanged 13X molecular sieve by using different concentrations of AgNO3 to increase its adsorption properties. XRD, SEM, and BET techniques were used to characterize samples. When compared to unmodified 13X, the adsorption capacity of AgII-13X increased by about 50 times. The results of this study suggest that the silver-modified 13X molecular sieve is highly effective at extracting H2S from natural gas.
From Microscale Interactions to Macroscale Patterns in Copepod-Crinoid Symbiosis
Authors: Korzhavina Oksana A. , Gubareva Natalia V. , Kitashov Andrey V. , Britayev Temir A. , Ivanenko Viatcheslav N.
Published: December 2023

Crinoids (Echinodermata) exhibit unique characteristics that facilitate a wide range of symbiotic relationships with diverse organisms. Nonetheless, the comprehension of their interactions with microscopic copepod crustaceans is still in a nascent and fragmented state. Our analysis identifies 166 instances involving 35 copepod species representing in 6 families in association with 33 species of the Comatulida. The majority of these associations have been singularly reported, with their distribution covering five out of the 12 World Ocean ecoregions. A notable concentration of diversity is observed in the Central and Western Indo-Pacific regions, while documentation of Atlantic copepod-crinoid associations is markedly limited. Copepods are predominantly found in ectosymbiotic relationships, with a lesser incidence of endosymbiotic interactions. Among these, the genus Collocheres and Pseudanthessius emerge as particularly prominent, and the Comasteridae family is distinguished by its diverse copepod associations. While certain copepod families exhibit a specialization towards crinoids, others demonstrate specificity at the species level. The current scope of knowledge encompasses merely 5% of the potential crinoid host diversity, underscoring the critical need for more extensive research in this area.
Objective Priors for Invariant e-Values in the Presence of Nuisance Parameters
Authors: Bortolato Elena , Ventura Laura
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to contribute to refining the e-values for testing precise hypotheses, especially when dealing with nuisance parameters, leveraging the effectiveness of asymptotic expansions of the posterior. The proposed approach offers the advantage of bypassing the need for elicitation of priors and reference functions for the nuisance parameters and the multidimensional integration step. For this purpose, starting from a Laplace approximation, a posterior distribution for the parameter of interest only is considered and then a suitable objective matching prior is introduced, ensuring that the posterior mode aligns with an equivariant frequentist estimator. Consequently, both Highest Probability Density credible sets and the e-value remain invariant. Some targeted and challenging examples are discussed.
Influence of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Assisted Reproductive Techniques Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Martín-Manchado Laura , Sanchez-SanSegundo Miriam , Moya-Yeste Antonio Manuel , Hurtado-Sanchez Jose Antonio , Zaragoza-Martí Ana
Published: December 2023

Globally, between 10% and 15% of couples experience infertility. Given the high demand for Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART), there is growing interest in exploring modifiable factors influencing their outcomes. In this context, the objective of this review was to investigate the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), recognized for its benefits in reproductive health, on ART outcomes. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology. International databases were consulted, selecting studies published between 2010 and 2023, in English and Spanish, involving patients aged 18-55, and examining intermediate and/or clinical outcomes of ART. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and animal studies were excluded. Results: Of the 9 included articles, 5 found statistically significant associations between adherence to the MD and positive outcomes in ART, such as a higher number and quality of embryos, clinical and biochemical pregnancy, and live births. However, other studies found no such associations. Conclusions: There is a potential association between adherence to the MD and ART outcomes. The evidence is very limited, necessitating further investigation.
A Novel Customised Load Adaptive Framework for Induction Motor Fault Classification Utilizing MFPT Bearing Dataset
Authors: Hejazi Shahd Ziad M , Packianather Michael , Liu Ying
Published: December 2023

This research presents a novel Customised Load Adaptive Framework (CLAF) for fault classifica-tion in Induction Motors (IMs), utilizing the Machinery Fault Prevention Technology (MFPT) Bearing Dataset. CLAF represents a pioneering approach that extends traditional fault classification methodologies by accounting for load variations and dataset customization. Through a meticulous two-phase process, it unveils load-dependent fault subclasses that have not been readily identified in traditional approaches. Additionally, new classes are created to accommodate the dataset's unique characteristics. Phase 1 involves the exploration of load-dependent patterns in time and frequency domain features using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) ranking and validation via bagged tree classifiers. In Phase 2, CLAF is applied to identify mild, moderate, and severe load-dependent fault subclasses through optimal Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) selection through Wavelet Singular Entropy (WSE) and CWT energy analysis. The results are compelling, with a 96.3% classification accuracy achieved when employing a wide neural network to classify proposed load-dependent fault subclasses. This underscores the practical value of CLAF in en-hancing fault diagnosis in IMs and its future potential in advancing IM condition monitoring.
Stream Chemistry and Forest Recovery Assessment and Prediction Modeling in Coal Mine Affected Watersheds in Kentucky, USA
Authors: Gyawali Buddhi , Sariyildiz Oguz , Antonious George Fouad , Semmens Kenneth , Zourarakis Demetrio , Bhatt Maya
Published: December 2023

: Kentucky is one of the largest coal producing states and surface coal mining has led to changes in natural land cover, soil loss, and water quality. This study explored relationships between actively mined and reclaimed areas and vegetation change and water quality parameters. The study site evaluated 58 watersheds with Landsat-derived variables (reclamation age, mining percentage, reclaimed forest percentage, and reclaimed woods percentage) as well as topographic variables (such as elevation, slope, drainage density, and infiltration). Water samples were collected in spring (n=9), summer (n=14), and fall (n=58) 2017 to study changes in water quality variables (SO42-, alkalinity, conductivity, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Al3+, and Fe2+,Fe3+) in response to changes in land cover. Pearson correlation analyses indicated conductivity has strong to very strong relationships with other variables of water quality variables related to coal mining (except Al3+, Fe2+,Fe3+, Mn2+, elevation, slope, and drainage density) and land cover variables. In addition, separate multivariate regression analyses were performed with conductivity values based on samples collected in the fall. First, conductivity response to mining percentage, reclamation age and topographic variables were examined (adjusted R2=0.818, p < 0.01). Next, vegetation cover change parameters were added to the same model, which yielded slightly improved R2 (adjusted R2 = 0.826, p < 0.01). Finally, reclamation age and mining percentage were used to explain the quantity of reclaimed forested areas as a percentage of watersheds. The model was significant (p < 0.01) with an adjusted R2 value of 0.641. Results suggest that the quantity (area as a percentage) of reclaimed forests may be a predictor of mining percentage and reclamation age. This study indicated that conductivity is a predictable water quality indicator that is highly associated with Coal Mine Related Stream Chemistry in areas where agriculture and urban development are limited. These findings may help the scientific community and key state and federal agencies improve their understanding of water quality attributes in watersheds affected by coal mining as well as refining land reclamation practices.
Calculation of the Three Partition Coefficients logPow, logKoa and logKaw of Organic Molecules at Standard Conditions at Once by Means of a Generally Applicable Group-Additivity Method
Authors: Naef Rudolf , Acree, Jr. William E.
Published: December 2023

Assessment of the environmental impact of organic chemicals has become an important subject in chemical science. Efficient quantitative descriptors of their impact are their partition coefficients logPow, logKoa and logKaw. We present a group-additivity method that has proven its versatility for the reliable prediction of many other molecular descriptors for the calculation of the first two partition coefficients and indirectly of the third with high dependability. Based on the experimental logPow data of 3332 molecules and the experimental logKoa data of 1900 molecules at 298.15K the respective partition coefficients have been calculated with cross-validated standard deviations of only 0.42 and 0.48 log units and a goodness of fit Q^2 of 0.9599 and 0.9717, respectively, in a range of ca. 17 log units for both descriptors. The third partition coefficient logKaw has been derived from the calculated values of the former two descriptors and compared with the experimentally determined logKaw values of 1937 molecules, yielding a standard deviation of 0.67 log units and a correlation coefficient R^2 of 0.9467. This approach enabled the quick calculation of 29462 logPow, 27069 logKoa and 26220 logKaw values for the more than 37100 molecules of ChemBrain's database available to the public.
Pre‐Clinical Study of Subunit Betulin‐Adjuvanted Tetravalent Candidate Influenza Vaccine: TetraFluBet
Authors: Tcymbarevich Irina , Krasheninnikova Anna , Ivanov Aleksandr , Stukova Marina , Romanovskaya-Romanko Ekaterina , Mikhailova Nataliya , Belkin Anton , Belyakova Olga , Nicolaeva Alevtina , Krasilnikov Igor
Published: December 2023

Influenza is well-known to have a considerable influence on healthcare system, therefore, vaccination plays a significant role in dealing with severe consequences. Close attention is paid to the development of tetravalent adjuvanted vaccines, containing antigens of two influenza A subtypes (H1N1, H3N2) and two influenza B subtypes (Victoria, Yamagata) to increase the effectiveness of influenza prevention. In this work we present the results of pre-clinical study of innovative subunit tetravalent candidate influenza vaccine, with addition of betulin as adjuvant, TetraFluBet. The study was conducted using female BALB/c mice, male and female mongrel rats and guinea pigs. TetraFluBet and commercially available vaccines were injected intraperitoneally twice in a 14-day interval after intranasal infection with 5LD50 and 10LD50. Chronic toxicity was assessed by immunohistochemistry of extracted organs and by hematological and biochemical blood parameters. Protectivity and immunogenicity were evaluated using hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization with MDCK assays. Chronic toxicity study did not reveal any side effects of candidate TetraFluBet vaccine on both rats and guinea pigs. One vaccination dose of TetraFluBet provided 100% protectivity against all 4 influenza subtypes and significantly increased neutralizing antibody activity in response to immunization of influenza subtypes. Pre-clinical candidate vaccine TetraFluBet confirmed its safety along with specific activity, showed high immunogenicity and can be recommended for further clinical studies.
Rare Earth (La, Pr and Sm) Doped Sr1‐yCo1‐xFexO3 as Cathode in SOFC
Authors: Díaz-González Selene , Campana Roberto , Andújar Rocío , Pardo Adrián , Gil-Hernández Beatriz , Lozano-Gorrín Antonio D.
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization and study of a new perovskite-type materials as cathode in SOFC. The synthesized doped perovskites have been successfully synthesized with high purity. The electrochemical performance of these materials was extensively examined through the characterization of I-V-P and EIS curves at the three temperatures: 750, 800 and 850 °C. Where it is revealing a substantial reduction of total resistances by approximately 50% and 70%, accom-panied by an impressive increase in power densities by around 200% and 300%, respectively. The cell featuring Sm0.01Sr0.99Fe0.5Co0.5O3 exhibited the most commendable electrochemical properties at each temperature, following closely were Pr0.01Sr0.99Fe0.5Co0.5O3 and La0.01Sr0.99Fe0.5Co0.5O3.
A Deep Neural Network Ensemble Adjustment Kalman Filter and Its Application on Strongly Coupled Data Assimilation
Authors: Shen Zheqi , Wang Renxi
Published: December 2023

This paper introduces a novel ensemble adjustment Kalman filter (EAKF) that integrates a machine-learning approach. The approach employs nonlinear variable relationships established by a deep neural network (DNN) during the analysis stage of the EAKF. This process nonlinearly projects observation increments into the state variable space. The newly developed DNN-EAKF algorithm can be applied to coupled data assimilation using coupled ocean-atmosphere models. It enhances cross-component updates in strongly coupled data assimilation (SCDA) by diminishing errors in estimating cross-component error covariance arising from insufficient ensemble members, thereby improving the SCDA analysis. This paper employs a conceptual model to conduct twin experiments, validating the DNN-EAKF’s capability to utilize cross-component observation information in SCDA effectively. The approach is anticipated to offer insights for future methodological integrations of machine learning and data assimilation and provide methods for SCDA applications in coupled general circulation models.
Ekonomi Alanında Bölgesel Kalkınma ve Uygulamalarını Konu Alan 1979-2023 Dönemi Çalışmalarının VOSviewer ile Bibliyometrik Haritalama Analizi
Authors: Türkoğlu Musa , Duran Gülhan
Published: December 2023

Araştırma, “Ekonomi” alanında önde gelen uluslararası dergilerde “Bölgesel Kalkınma” ve uygulamalarını konu alan çalışmaların ağ analizleriyle birlikte bibliyometrik yöntemler kullanılarak akademik yazına katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir. Bu hedef doğrultusunda, Şubat 2023’de 1979-2023 yılları arasında “Web of Science (WoS)” veri tabanında “Ekonomi” kategorisindeki dergilerde yayınlanan 6.430 çalışma tespit edilerek analize tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizinde, parametreler belirlenerek ayrıntılı bir şekilde belirtilmiştir. Aynı zamanda haritalama ve görselleştirme çalışması yapılarak VOSviewer programı kullanılmış olup ortak ağ analizi ve iş birliği ilişkileri görselleştirilerek çalışmada yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre çalışmalar ve atıf sayıları 2015 yılında maksimum seviyede arttığını, “Uluslararası İşletme Bilgi Yönetimi Assoc-Ibima” bu alanda öncü bir dergi olduğu, “Nijkamp, Peter” en çok çalışma yapan ve “Pedregal Diego J.” en çok atıf alan yazar olduğu, çalışmaların en çok “Makale” alanında değerlendirildiği, yazım dili olarak “İngilizce” kullanıldığı, çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğunun çoklu disiplinler arasında değerlendirildiği görülmektedir. En önemli bulgulardan bir diğeri ise, yayın yapılan ülke (Rusya) ile en çok atıf alan (İngiltere) çalışma ülkelerinin aynı olmadığı görülmektedir. Son olarak çalışma alanı ve en çok alıntı yapılan çalışmalar alanında Krugman, Lucas ve Porter olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Diferencias en la interacción trabajo-familia en función de las modalidades de trabajo (presencial/en casa) durante el COVID-19
Authors: Quiroz González Eliana , Henao Florez Alejandra , Osorio Sánchez Gina Paola , Ospina Cano Sarah
Published: December 2023

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha intensificado los cambios en el mundo laboral, específicamente, la relación trabajo-familia se ha visto permeada por las nuevas dinámicas laborales. Está investigación examina las diferencias en la interacción trabajo-familia en función de las modalidades de trabajo (presencial/en casa) durante el COVID-19. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental y de alcance descriptivo en el que participaron 207 trabajadores (M = 130 – H = 77) vinculados en modalidad de trabajo presencial (TC) y en casa (TC) (TP = 110 – TC = 97). Se usó una ficha de datos sociodemográficos y laborales, y el Cuestionario de Interacción Trabajo-Familia (SWING). Se comprobaron los supuestos de distribución normal por Shapiro-Wilk = 0,98 (p= .106), la homogeneidad de varianza por la prueba de Levene = 10,8 (p < .010) y la prueba de Welch.
Optimised diets for improving human, animal, and environmental health in the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolis in Germany
Authors: Paris Juliana Minetto Gellert , Escobar Neus , Falkenberg Timo , Gupta Shivam , Heinzel Christine , Junior Eliseu Verly , Jolliet Olivier , Borgemeister Christian , Nöthlings Ute
Published: December 2023

Dietary shifts are needed to align the global food systems with the planetary boundaries and contribute to Sustainable Development Goals. We employed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework, extended with indicators on human health and animal welfare, to assess 2020 food consumption data (N=189) collected through an online survey in the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolis (Germany). Feasible optimisation scenarios representing alternative sustainable choices towards overarching environmental, societal and policy goals were explored. Meat and meat products contributed most to overall environmental impacts (e.g., climate change, terrestrial acidification), and fish and seafood to animal welfare loss (e.g., animal lives lost, animal life years suffered). Sodium intake was the most contributing risk factor for life minutes lost. The combined optimisation scenario reduces 55% of greenhouse gas emissions, improves human health indicators by 25% and reduces animal welfare loss substantially (by 52-97%). This is possible with a shift towards flexitarian and vegetarian dietary scenarios. Although the sample is not representative of the entire population, optimisations deliver sustainability improvements with few changes in dietary scenarios. The extended LCA framework can assess the implications of food consumption towards One Health, provided that further indicators on animal health are developed.
Influence of the Geographic differences to the Genetic Variation and Distribution of Vector Borne Mosquito in Filariasis Endemic Areas of Central Java Indonesia
Authors: astuti upiek ngesti wibawaning , Soesilohadi Hidayat , Nurcahyo Wisnu , Hadisusanto Suwarno , Mulyaningsih Budi , Syafruddin Din
Published: December 2023

Vector borne mosquito diseases are still as a public health problem in many countries in the world, including in Indonesia. Filariasis is a disease that is transmitted through mosquito bites and the cases are increasing in some areas in Indonesia. The information regarding the vectorCulex quinquefasciatusspecies distribution and the genetic variation in Indonesia have not been reported. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of geographyc differences to the distribution and genetic variation ofCx. quinquefasciatusthat was collected from 4 filariasis endemic areas in Central Java Indonesia. Mosquitoes were collected by using human landing collection method at night period. The mosquito distribution was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis test. DNAs of each mosquito specimens were then isolated and amplified by using 5 RAPD markers. DNA cluster analysis was done with MVSP™ software. A total of 396 mosquito specimens were collected and the PCR analysis revealed 945 fraghment, consisted of 40 monomorphic and 905 polymorphic fragments. The genetic similarities ranged from 0–75% in all collection areas. In conclusion, the study discovered up to a high genetic variation ofCx. quinquefasciatusand the distribution was significantly influenced by geographic position.
A Comprehensive Analysis of In-Hospital Adverse Events After Scopolamine Administration: Insights from a Retrospective Cohort Study Using a Large Nationwide Inpatient Database
Authors: Sun George , Min Kevin
Published: December 2023

Background: Scopolamine is a widely used antiemetic in anesthetic practice, particularly for postoperative and postdischarge nausea and vomiting. Despite its frequent usage and recognized efficacy, concerns have emerged regarding the potential for increased side effects, particularly in elderly patients. Further research is needed to assess safety and determine age thresholds for adverse events. This study hypothesizes associations between perioperative scopolamine use, worse clinical outcomes, increased pneumonia, delirium, urinary retention, and readmissions.Methods: A large, retrospective cohort study was performed using the TriNetX Analytics Network database on patients undergoing major surgical procedures between Jan 1, 2009, and March 21, 2018, to examine the impact of perioperative scopolamine use on in-hospital adverse events. Patients were divided into age groups and compared to a control group. The primary outcomes assessed were delirium, pneumonia, in-hospital death, new antipsychotic use, readmission, and new onset urinary retention within 7 days post-surgery. 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to reduce bias. Relative risk and risk differences with 95% confidence intervals were estimated.Results: After 1:1 propensity score matching, we identified a total of 345,812 (172,906 pairs) perioperative scopolamine users and nonusers. The cohorts of 65+, 60–64, 55–59, 50–54, and 45–49 contained 161,846 (80,923 pairs), 49,650 (24,825 pairs), 44,774 (22,387 pairs), 46,944 (23,472 pairs), and 42,598 (21,299 pairs) patients respectively. Across all age cohorts, after propensity score matching, perioperative scopolamine recipients had significantly increased relative risk and risk difference of delirium, pneumonia, in-hospital mortality, new antipsychotic use, readmission, and new-onset urinary retention.Conclusions: In this cohort study, perioperative scopolamine usage was associated with a significantly increased risk of in-hospital adverse events, both within the > 65 age cohort and among the 60–64, 55–59, 50–54, and 45–49 age cohorts after major surgery. These findings highlight the need for careful assessment of scopolamine's risks and benefits, especially for patients aged 45 and older. Scopolamine may be most suited for post-discharge nausea and vomiting in ambulatory patients and clinicians should reassess its standard use for postoperative nausea and vomiting, favoring shorter-acting agents with fewer side effects.
Seismic data and ancient zircons discovered on the Mendeleev Rise, Arctic Ocean, indicate continental crust
Authors: Nikishin Anatoly M. , Foulger Gillian R. , Rodina Elizaveta A. , Aleshina Ksenia F. , Posamentier Henry W. , Chernykh Andrey A. , Kuznetsov Nikolay B.
Published: December 2023

The Alpha-Mendeleev Rise is located in the Amerasia Basin. The work is based on a synthesis of interpretation of regional 2D MCS seismic profiles and data from rock sampling using special underwater vehicles on the slopes of seamounts. The Rise is represented by alternation of highs (horsts) and half-grabens. At the base of the horst cover, bright reflectors are distinguished, which are interpreted as volcanics. Half-graben sections are wedge-shaped and are similar in geometry to seaward-dipping reflectors (SDRs) of continental passive volcanic margins. Rock sampling has shown that the horsts are composed of sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic age, penetrated by intrusions. Aptian-Albian sections with volcanics (basalts, trachybasalts, trachyandesites) were identified on the horsts. U/Pb dating of igneous rocks showed that typical age of rocks is 110-114 Ma. Magmatic Cretaceous rocks contain zircons with ages ranging from pre-Barremian Mesozoic to Precambrian. The presence of these ancient zircons indicates that the Alpha-Mendeleev Rise is composed of continental crust. A model of the crustal structure of the Alpha-Mendeleev Rise is proposed. The upper and lower crust is approximately 20-30% saturated with intrusions of basic composition. At the base of the crust, a high-velocity layer up to 5 km thick is distinguished.
Thermomechanical Characterization of Oleogels elaborated with a Low Molecular Weight Ethyl Cellulose and Monoglycerides
Authors: García-Ortega Martha Laura , Charó-Alvarado Maria Eugenia , Pérez-Martínez Jaime David , Toro-Vazquez Jorge Fernando
Published: December 2023

The interaction between a low molecular weight (i.e., 19 kDa) ethyl cellulose (EC) and a commercial monoglyceride (MGc) in the development of EC-MGc oleogels was evaluated through rheological, DSC, and infrared spectroscopy measurements. The oleogels were developed through cooling (80°C to 2°C, 10°C/min) vegetal oil solutions of mixtures of EC at concentrations above (10%), below (7%), and at its minimal gelling concentration (8%), with MGc concentrations below its minimal gelling concentration (0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%). At 0.10% MGc most of the monoglycerides developed hydrogen bonds with the EC. Thus, the EC-0.10% MGc oleogels were structured through EC-monoglyceride-EC interactions, that as the EC concentration increased entrapped the oil providing higher elasticity (G’) than the EC oleogels. At MGc concentrations ≥ 0.25% the higher relative polarity of the oil favored the EC-EC interactions over the EC-monoglyceride-EC interactions. At temperatures < 10°C the monoglycerides in the oil crystallized within the free spaces of the entangled EC fibers acting as active filler. Thus, at the same EC concentration the EC-0.25% MGc, EC-0.50% MGc, and EC-1% MGc oleogels achieved higher G’ than the corresponding EC-0.10% MGc oleogels (P < 0.01). This behavior was more evident as the EC concentration increased. Additionally, the rheological measurements during cooling showed that below 40°C the EC went through a structural rearrangement that decreased the oleogels’ elasticity. Since the structural rearrangement was cooling rate, EC and MGc concentration dependent, these factors could be used to tailor the rheological properties of oleogels developed with low molecular weight EC.
Low-dose SAHA enhances CD8+T cell-mediated antitumor immunity by upregulating MHC I expression in non-small cell lung cancers
Authors: Wang Baolong , He Bing , Cao Yanhong , Yang Rui , Zhang Shuang , Kong Yujie , Lu Dapeng , Luo Peng , Zheng Xu , Hou Yanjiao , Wang Chen , Wei Pingping , Xie Jun , Yu Shihao , Cui Dechun , Hao Wang , Dong Wenqian
Published: December 2023

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) is a highly aggressive lung cancer with poor responses to traditional therapies like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. While immunotherapy has become an effective approach treating multiple types of cancer, solid tumors frequently exhibit immune escape through various mechanisms, including downregulation of MHC I expression. Whether upregulating MHC I expression can improve the immunotherapeutic effect for NSCLCs remains unexplored. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, which has been applied clinically to treat lymphoma, but high-dose of SAHA kills tumor cells and normal cells without preference. Here, we show that low-dose SAHA enhances CD8 + T cell-mediated antitumor immunity via upregulating MHC I expression in NSCLC cells. We also provide evidence that high levels of MHC I induced by SAHA promoted the activation, proliferation, and cytotoxicity of specific CD8+T cells in mouse models. Mechanistically, low-dose SAHA increases the levels of H3K9ac and H3K27ac in the promoters of STAT1, Smad2 and Smad3 genes in NSCLC cells by inhibiting HDAC activity, resulting in elevated expression levels of STAT1, Smad2 and Smad3. The nuclear translocation of phosphorylated STAT1 and Smad2/3 upregulates the expression of MHC I in NSCLC cells remarkably. Thus, we uncovered a key mechanism of SAHA-mediated enhanced antitumor immunity, providing insights into a novel immunotherapy strategy for NSCLC.
Deployment expectations of multi-gigaton scale of carbon dioxide removal could have adverse impacts on global climate system
Authors: Liu Haifeng , Ampah Jeffrey , JIN CHAO , YAO MINGFA , AFRANE SANDYLOVE , ADUN HUMPHREY , Fuhrman Jay , Ho David T. , McJeon Haewon
Published: December 2023

The window for limiting global warming to 1.5°C is rapidly closing, necessitating immediate climate action which some have proposed includes deploying carbon dioxide removal (CDR) at scale. However, CDR is characterized by varying trade-offs and spill-over effects, and an excessive reliance on them to reach climate milestones could affect global Earth system negatively. This study quantitatively investigates the impacts associated with different levels of reliance on negative emissions for Asia’s net zero ambitions. We employ a technology-rich integrated assessment model, i.e., GCAM-TJU, a modified version of the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) with the capability of deploying six different CDR approaches. Different levels of CDR reliance are modeled by varying CDR deployment times, availability, and removal capacities. Key findings are that deploying tens of gigaton scale of negative emissions by mid-century will perpetuate fossil fuel reliance, slow energy transitions and push back net zero timelines. High reliance on CDR also reduces building efficiency improvements and transport electrification rates significantly. Furthermore, timing of net zero for multiple Asian countries is advanced under lower availability of CDR, resulting in lower residual emissions with significant health co-benefits. Regarding land and food, high reliance on CDR leads to significant changes in land use with a severe reduction in cropland. There are potential concerns related to water demands and fertilizer needs under excessive reliance on CDR. Overall, our results show that tens of gigaton scale of negative emissions by mid-century could seriously impede climate goals. Prioritizing non-CDR mitigation strategies through rapid electrification, carbon-neutral/negative fuels (e.g., hydrogen), and efficiency mainstreaming could accelerate decarbonization. We must strive to pursue emission cuts maximally before utilizing negative emissions. While CDR is necessary for delivering the "net" in "net-zero emissions", it is worth exploring strategies that reduce the need for excessive reliance on CDR, while also capitalizing on its advantages when it is most viable.
Endovascular treatment of splenic artery aneurysm rupture - Case Report
Authors: Carvalho Márcia , Mendes João , Macedo-Oliveira Carlos , Freire Bárbara , Pereira-Macedo Juliana , Duque Rita Pinheiro , Lemos Ricardo , Sampaio Francisco
Published: December 2023

Background
Splenic artery aneurysm is a rare vascular pathology but is the most common visceral arterial aneurysm. Most of them are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally but can quickly become life-threatening when ruptured.
This is a rare case of a spontaneous splenic artery aneurysm rupture in a high-risk patient for surgery and endovascular treatment was the only option to save patient’s life.
Case presentation
We report a 70-year-old woman with multiple comorbidities, presenting to the emergency department with signs of shock: confusion, pallor, tachycardia and hypotension.
Computed tomography shows an active bleeding from a splenic artery aneurysm rupture. She was successfully submitted to emergent arterial embolization of the splenic artery aneurysm and discharged from hospital a few days later.
Conclusions
Endovascular treatment is a less aggressive approach and should be considered in high-risk patients for surgical treatment.
This is a case that shows the importance of immediate diagnosis and treatment is the only option to save patient’s life.
Structural recognition and stabilization of tyrosine hydroxylase by the J-domain protein DNAJC12
Authors: Martinez Aurora , Tai Mary Dayne , Ochoa Lissette , Flydal Marte , Velasco Lorea , Muntaner Jimena , Santiago Cesar , Jung-KC Kunwar , Moro Fernando , Kallio Juha , Muga Arturo , Valpuesta José , Cuellar Jorge
Published: December 2023

Pathogenic variants of the J-domain protein and Hsp70 cochaperone DNAJC12 cause parkinsonism, which is associated with a defective interaction of DNAJC12 with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine (DA) biosynthesis. Here, we report the characterization of TH:DNAJC12 complex formation, showing that DNAJC12 binding stabilizes TH and delays its time-dependent aggregation in an Hsp70-independent manner, while maintaining TH activity and regulatory inhibition by DA. Interestingly, DNAJC12 alone barely activated Hsc70, the constitutively-expressed Hsp70 isoform, but in complex with TH, DNAJC12 efficiently stimulated Hsc70 ATPase activity. Cryoelectron microscopy revealed two DNAJC12 monomers bound per TH tetramer, each embracing one of the two regulatory domain dimers, leaving all active sites available for substrate and DA interaction. Our results confirm the key role of the C-terminal eight residues of DNAJC12 in TH binding, explaining the pathogenic mechanism of the disease variant DNAJC12(Trp175Ter).
Shallow gas seeps in the Golfo Dulce, South Pacific of Costa Rica: geological, physicochemical, and biological characterization
Authors: Salas Carolina , Alvarado Juan José , Solano Juan Carlos Azofeifa , García Cindy Fernández , Castillo Rita Vargas
Published: December 2023

Methane is a greenhouse gas with a heat absorption capacity 25 times greater than CO2, potentially playing a significant role at the atmospheric level. Thus there is a growing interest about studying the diversity and ecology of habitats that are important contributors of this gas to the atmosphere. This research aims to carry out a geological, physicochemical, and biological description of a superficial gas seepage in the tropical waters of the Golfo Dulce in Costa Rica. To study this environment underwater visual censuses of fish and bottom cover were conducted, along with collection of water samples for nutrient analysis, and gas to determine the composition of emissions. In addition, rock samples were collected to determine the geological origin and the associated cryptofauna. The seeps are composed of 49.5% methane and the rock that makes up the platform is sandstone from the Charco Azul Group. The bottom cover is dominated by sand (20%), hydrozoans (18%), and 12% of the «other» category. A total of 18 species of fish were found, and wrasses (Labridae) were the dominant group. Regarding cryptofauna, a total of 93 taxa were recorded. This study presents a new report of the ghost shrimp Biffarius for the Eastern Tropical Pacific. This ecosystem presents unique features because it is a shallow, highly diverse place, with a structure of the biological community different from what it is known for the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the region. Knowing the above, it is recommended to establish conservation strategies.
Ultrathin Skin-Conformable Electrodes with High Water Vapor Permeability and Stretchability Composed of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks Assembled on Elastomeric Films
Authors: Fujie Toshinori , Horii Tatsuhiro , Yamashita Kai , Ito Marimo , Okada Kei
Published: December 2023

We report on conductive ultrathin films with stretchability and water vapor permeability for skin-conformable bioelectrodes. The films are fabricated by combining conductive fibrous networks of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) nanosheets (i.e., SWCNT-SBS nanosheets). The increase in the number of SWCNT coatings raises not only the thickness but also the density of SWCNT bundles. The SBS nanosheet coated with three layers of SWCNTs (i.e., SWCNT 3rd-SBS nanosheet) shows comparable sheet resistance to the SBS nanosheet coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene) doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonate acid) (PEDOT:PSS) containing 5 wt% of butylene glycol (i.e., PEDOT:PSS/BG5-SBS nanosheets) but exhibits a significantly lower elastic modulus and larger elongation at break. Furthermore, the calculated water vapor transmission ratio of the 210 nm-thick SBS nanosheet (268,172 g m-2 (2 h)-1) is higher than that of the filter paper (6345 g m-2 (2 h)-1). The SWCNT 3rd-SBS nanosheet attached to model skin shows a high tolerance to bending and artificial sweat with different pH (i.e., the electrical resistance changes ~1.1 times). Finally, the SWCNT 3rd-SBS nanosheet is applied to detect the surface electromyogram from a subject’s forearm, displaying a similar signal-to-noise ratio as the PEDOT:PSS/BG5-SBS nanosheet.
Dose Stasis Impact Venous Thrombosis via Hypercoagulability? Evidence from Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Wiggins Kerri L. , Xiong Ying , Smith Nicholas L. , Damrauer Scott M. , Larsson Susanna C.
Published: December 2023

Background We conducted a Mendelian randomization study to explore the associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and coagulation factors and to test whether related coagulation factors mediate the associations for VTE.
Methods Genetic variants used as instrumental variables for six physical activity and two sedentary behavior phenotypes were selected from two genome-wide association studies. Summary-level data on VTE and coagulation factors were obtained from a genome-wide association meta-analysis (81,190 cases), the CHARGE consortium (25,897-120,246 individuals), and the deCODE project (35,559 individuals).
Results Genetically predicted sedentary behaviors were associated with an increased risk of VTE. Per standard deviation increase in genetically predicted television watching and leisure screen time, the odds ratio of VTE was 1.23 (95% confidence interval 1.12-1.34, P = 9.54×10-6) and 1.14 (95% confidence interval 1.05-1.23, P = 0.001), respectively. Similarly, genetically predicted prolonged sedentary time was associated with higher levels of six studied coagulation factors. The associations of genetically predicted sedentary behaviors with VTE were slightly attenuated after adjustment for genetically predicted plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue plasminogen activator, or von Willebrand factor. It was estimated that these three coagulation factors mediated respectively 4%, 17%, and 6% of the association between sedentary behavior and VTE. Genetically predicted physical activity was not associated with VTE or any coagulation factor.
Conclusion This study supports a causal association between sedentary behaviors and risk of VTE. The association appears only partly mediated by hypercoagulability.
Proximal femoral locking plate combined with cannulated screws and Kirschner wires in the treatment of femoral neck combined with ipsilateral femoral head and intertrochanteric fractures：A case report
Authors: Yu Xiang , Li Yuzhi , Lu Haijian , Liu Binli
Published: December 2023

This article presents a unique case of a complex hip fracture involving the ipsilateral femoral neck, trochanter, and femoral head, accompanied by hip dislocation. Currently, there is no established standard treatment method for this specific type of fracture. Therefore, it is crucial to consider factors such as the patient's age, fracture type, and degree of displacement comprehensively. In this study, we opted for a treatment approach combining the use of a proximal femoral locking plate, cannulated screws, and Kirschner wires. As a result, we successfully achieved satisfactory treatment outcomes.
Clinical longevity of obturators in patients with jaw defects; a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zierden Karina , Koch Carolin , Wöstmann Bernd , Rehmann Peter
Published: December 2023

Objectives
The primary objective of the current retrospective clinical study was to determine the survival time of obturators while analyzing possible influencing factors.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective clinical cohort study analysed the influence of various clinical factors on the survival probability of obturators and their follow-up measures using Kaplan-Meier estimate.
Results
76 patients with a total of 115 obturators were included in the study (47 men and 29 women, mean age 58.1 ± 18.1 years). The mean observation time was 3.0 ± 4.5 years (maximum 26.3 years). 40.9% (47) of all obturators observed had to be replaced. The survival rate after 5 years was 79.5% for telescopic-crown-retained tooth-supported obturators, 86.9% for telescopic-crown-retained implant-supported obturators, 58.8% for removable full denture obturators, 22.1% for clasp retained obturators and 0.0% for splints. Type of attachment, attendance in a regular follow-up and defect cause showed a significant influence on the survival of the obturators (p < .05).
Conclusions
The findings obtained in this observation support the recommendation of use of implant-supported obturators. Telescopic-crown attachments, either tooth or implant-supported seem to be favorable in terms of their survival times. Attendance in a strict follow-up program seems to have major influence on the longevity of the obturators.
Clinical Relevance:
The use of implant-supported obturators to cover permanent oral and maxillofacial defects can be highly recommended. Also, the use of telescopic-crown attachments seems to be favorable in terms of their survival times. Clasp retained obturators and surgical splints should be used primarily as temporary restorations due to their lower survival times.