bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIONS IN CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   South Ural State University, Kotlyarova I.O.
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to study the methodological and theoretical foundations of the development of innovations in the field of continuing professional education (CPE). The methodological foundations of the study of the phenomenon of innovation in CPE (general laws of dialectics, systemic, synergetic and acmeological approaches) are identified and characterized. The external factors of the education sector cased by globalization, internationalization, digitalization and the “force majeure” of pandemic were determined and their influence on the development of CPE in the first quarter of the XXI century was revealed. The features of the current continuing education were revealed. They were developed both under the influence of environmental factors and as a result of internal tendencies of self-organization. On the basis of a theoretical analysis of the requirements for education caused by these factors, the types of CPE problems were formulated. The necessary nature of educational innovations was substantiated. The role of innovations in resolving the problems of continuing education was described. Typical modern innovations and their role in the development of continuing education as an aspect of a person's lifelong education were characterized.
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TO FORM THE BASICS OF SOCIAL WORLDVIEW
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogic University, Voronezh, Russian Federation, Yurevich N.V. , Kozlova T.A. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogic University, Voronezh, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Based on theoretical and experimental research on the problems of education reform in the context of humanitarization of education, the authors elaborate and present a model of educational technology used to reform the activities in humanitarization of educational process, to create a flexible effective system at secondary school with the focus on teaching natural science disciplines. The theoretical study shows that humanization and humanitarization of education as a holistic system does not have a mechanism to implement social and pedagogical technologies and does not have a driver to realize this educational concept. This fact led to the development of educational technology aimed to form the basics of social worldview. The authors offer possible solutions for the problem by uncovering the pedagogic potential of natural sciences’ disciplines in forming the basic social determinants, namely, social competence and social intelligence of the students of secondary school. The main methods used are: the method of philosophical and subject expansion of natural sciences’ disciplines as a resource to form and develop social intelligence in the context of humanitarization of natural sciences, and statistical analysis to process the quantitative results of the pedagogical experiment. The development of a model of the author's technology is based on ecological approach to the research and design of educational environments. The methods of organizing educational technology that form the foundations of social worldview and paradigm of social thinking in modern conditions of scientific and technical progress are presented. The experimental data show that the organization of educational process of the secondary school students (7–11 forms) according to the model of social and pedagogical technology provides the increase of the level of quality of educational activity that satisfies the educational demand and meets the requirements of Federal Educational Standards of Russian Federation are present in the work. The authors considered the achievements of natural sciences from the point of view of the search for a public ideal. They made recommendations on the application of new scientific approaches, on the introduction of new interpretations, concepts of physical and natural-scientific outlooks. The developed educational technology contributes to the change of thinking paradigm, addressing the problem of authentic understanding of the world. This socio-pedagogical technology contributes to the creation of interdisciplinary interaction and interpenetration of the scientific and humanitarian understanding of the world within the framework of the modern concept of natural sciences.
THE STRUCTURE OF LEARNING MOTIVES OF FRESHMEN IN TERTIARY EDUCATION
Authors:   Ural State University of Physical Education, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Bogdan N.V. , Borodina E.S. ,   Ural State University of Physical Education, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Today, the main problem in higher education is the decrease in students' interest in learning and obtaining new knowledge. This factor reduces the effectiveness of education process. Thus, the problem of formation and preservation of motivation for learning among higher school students becomes relevant. The article offers a solution to the problem by studying the structure of the main motives for learning among freshmen, that are necessary to maintain interest in acquiring knowledge and developing professionally significant qualities. To determine the main motives for learning, the method of reviewing scientific literature and the method of diagnosing students' educational motivation, proposed by A.A. Rean and V.A. Yakunin, were used. The communicative, professional, educational, cognitive, social motives, as well as the motives of creative selfrealization, avoidance of failure and prestige were studied, the levels of motivation and the average score of motivation for educational activities among students were determined. The ranking procedure applied allowed us to determine not only the significance of each motive for students, but to describe a motives’ structure, which allows us to establish the main factors that determine the attitudes of students to learning. Experimental data show that the most valuable and significant learning motive is “to become a highly qualified specialist”. This motive determines the main tasks both for freshmen and their teachers, namely, for students the main motive is to obtain knowledge that they will be able to apply in their further professional activities and for academic staff it is to organize educational environment in which professional competencies will be formed and where the professional formation of future specialists will take place.
DEVELOPING THE COMPETENCE OF UNIVERSITY STAFF’S PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION WITH INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN MULTICULTURAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Korotkova E.G.
Published: September 2021

A modern educational environment of higher professional education is becoming more multicultural. However, not all universities are able to provide a comfortable multicultural educational environment: university staff experience different issues in communication with international students. The aim of the article is to specify the term “professional communication competence of the university staff with international students” and define the forms and methods for developing this competence. The term “professional communication competence of the university staff with international students” is defined in the basis of the analysis of research literature on the topic of intercultural communication in higher education. Taking into account the principles of andragogy and the concept of humane oriented education, the forms and methods of adult learning and teaching were defined (discussions, case study, gamification). The research results can be used to design and implement the training programs to advance university staff proficiency. The novelty of the research is in the description of the forms and methods of developing the university staff’s professional communication competence in view of age-specific features in a multicultural educational environment.
Enhancing online protocols through design-based research to improve cognitive presence in a large enrolment course
Authors: Zydney Janet , DeNoyelles Aimee , Chen Baiyun , Patton Kerry
Published: September 2021

Instructors face challenges in facilitating higher levels of shared cognition in large enrolment classes. One strategy to foster shared cognition is the use of asynchronous discussions; however, these can be difficult to support with large numbers of students. Online protocols have been found to help students take more ownership of the discussion, reducing the workload of instructors and thus may be helpful in this context. The purpose of this study was to determine the most effective design of online protocols in large enrolment classes. The study used a design-based research methodology to iteratively design, assess and refine the online protocols and the design principles of its underlying protocol pedagogy. Participants for this study were 1,286 students enrolled in a blended undergraduate class in business that used online protocols for discussions over three semesters. The paper describes how iterative changes in the design of protocol-based discussions influenced students' cognitive presence. Students’ perceptions of cognitive presence were significantly higher in the second and third iterations, and the concepts shared by group members were significantly more integrated by the third iteration. Findings suggest that with careful design, these enhanced protocols are a potentially useful strategy to facilitate asynchronous online discussions in large classes.

Implications for practice or policy:

Students need additional incentives to actively participate in large enrolment courses.

Instructors can use peer questioning to increase shared cognition in large enrolment courses.

Instructors should create concise directions with modelling of exemplary posts to help reduce confusion.

Students in large enrolment courses benefit from additional scaffolding of norms to foster a sense of trust.

Design-based research provides an effective methodology to examine both theoretical and practical implications of online protocols on cognitive presence.
A qualitative study to understand the perspectives of MOOC providers on accessibility
Authors: Iniesto Francisco , McAndrew Patrick , Minocha Shailey , Coughlan Tim
Published: September 2021

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are widely available and have become a common option for learners. However, their full potential cannot be realised if they are not accessible to all learners, including those with disabilities. It is, therefore, important to understand the different stakeholders and their requirements and perspectives in designing accessible MOOCs. This research investigated the perspectives of MOOC providers on MOOC learners who have accessibility needs and the processes used to manage accessibility and MOOCs in their individual organisations. In this paper, we report the results of a study using thematic analysis, which involved 26 semi-structured interviews with MOOC providers and focused on MOOC accessibility. The results show that, while MOOC providers are aware of learners with accessibility needs who are participating in MOOCs, they prioritise legislation over learners’ accessibility preferences. MOOC providers consider the technology of the platform itself creates barriers and are aware of the limitations for learners in finding help, reporting accessibility barriers and obtaining feedback, when participating in MOOCs.

Implications for policy and practice:

Course providers should acknowledge MOOC design is being guided by legal requirements. That involves uncertainty to who is the responsible to deliver accessible MOOCs.

Platform providers need to consider the lack of information about their learners makes it difficult to design educational resources that consider different target groups and provide personalisation.

Learners can find MOOCs helpful for continuing professional development and lifelong learning. MOOCs are attractive due to their low-cost and self-regulated learning.
Siyasi Haber Alma Pratiklerinin Suriyeli Göçmenlerle İlgili Tehdit Algıları Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: Dal Aysenur , Tokdemir Efe
Published: September 2021

Mültecilerin ev sahibi topluluklardaki entegrasyonuna yönelik bireysel tutumlar söz konusu olduğunda, ilgili süreç ve aktörlerin medyada nasıl temsil edildiği hem ev sahibi toplulukların hem de dış kitlelerin mültecilerle ilgili tehditlere dair algısı üzerindeki potansiyel etkisi nedeniyle büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, medya kullanımının Suriyeli mülteciler ile ilgili tehdit algıları üzerindeki etkisini ve bu ilişkiye aracılık eden potansiyel bir sınır koşulunu, yani vatandaşların ikamet yerini inceliyoruz. Teorik beklentilerimizi test etmek için, Suriye ile 804 kilometre uzunluğunda bir sınırı paylaşan ve şiddetli bir iç savaştan kaçmış yaklaşık 4 milyondan fazla Suriyeliye ev sahipliği yapan Türkiye örneğine odaklanıyor ve Gaziantep, İstanbul ve Diyarbakır sakinleriyle yapılan orijinal bir yüz yüze anketten faydalanıyoruz. Bu şehirler hem mültecilerin sayısı/yoğunluğu, hem de vatandaşların ve mültecilerin kullanabildiği ilgili kaynaklar açısından değişiklik gösterdiğinden, medya kullanımının bireylerin algıladığı tehditte oynadığı rolün yerel bağlamdan etkilenip etkilenmediğini inceliyoruz. Bulgularımız, kitlesel medya ile sosyal medya kullanımının, incelenen üç şehirde Suriyeli mültecilerle ilgili tehdit algılarını farklı şekilde etkilediğini, bununla birlikte, siyasi haber almak için kitlesel medya kullanımının gözlemlenen etkisinin kişinin ikamet ettiği yere bağlı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Geopolitical Regionalisms Resulting From US-Led GWOT, Colour Revolutions and Arab Spring: Implications for Turkish Defence and Foreign Policy
Authors: Simons Greg
Published: September 2021

Geopolitical regionalisms are a mechanism of managing influence in a particular region at a particular point in time. They exist and are driven by powers vying for influence at the expense of others, in turn, influenced by the nature of the geopolitical era in which they exist. The Cold War saw a bipolar world, where geopolitical regionalisms were achieved by the two superpowers, often through their proxies. This was replaced by a monopolar world order after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The current transforming global order towards a multipolar world has created a lot of chaos through the United States seeking to maintain its global hegemony and thwart competition. This is accomplished through creating branded events in international relations, such as the Global War On Terror or the Arab Spring. The goal is to manage the international system as envisaged by the strategic imperatives mentioned by Brzezinski in 1997, through weakening opponents and keeping allies dependent. As such, tremendous challenges have been created for Turkey in handling its foreign and security policy interests as a regional power in the Middle East.
Effect of fish scales on fabrication of polyester composite material reinforcements
Authors: Abed Balsam H. , Battawi Ali A.
Published: September 2021

Renewable resources are used to create useful, biologically sustainable materials. It has the potential to minimize waste while also challenging existing research and developments. Several researchers have concentrated their efforts on natural fiber composites. Natural fibers include plant, mineral, and animal fibers. In this project fish scales, a bio-waste, were used as a reinforcing agent in polyester/polystyrene for the fabrication of composite materials in the different weight fractions of 0, 6, 7, 9, and 11%, at a constant load of 1 N and temperature of 20 and 26°C. The hand layup technique was used to create the fabrication setup for composite materials. The creep behavior, modulus of elasticity, and stress were studied experimentally.
Analysis of the rheological property and crystallization behavior of polylactic acid (Ingeo™ Biopolymer 4032D) at different process temperatures
Authors: Yoo Hyeong Min , Jeong Su-Yeon , Choi Sung-Woong
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the rheological property and crystallization behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) with improved heat resistance (Ingeo™ Biopolymer 4032D) through investigation of the melt viscosity and crystallization kinetics of PLA at different process temperatures. The viscosity was measured using a rotational rheometer under conditions of shear rates of 0.01, 0.1, and 1/s. The obtained rheological data show that the viscosity tended to decrease slightly as the shear rate increases and decrease sharply as the temperature increases from 180°C to 210°C. To investigate the effect of the process temperature on the crystallization kinetics and final crystallinity of PLA, thermal analysis using isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were also performed. The Avrami equation was successfully applied for the isothermal crystallization kinetics model. From crystallization temperature of 85°C to 120°C, we found that the Ingeo™ Biopolymer 4032D PLA had the fastest crystallization rate (t
1/2: 26.0 min) and the largest crystallinity (47.4%) at 100°C.
Training Methods in the Sport of Surfing: A Scoping Review
Authors: Donaldson Terry , Scantlebury Malcolm , Furness James , Kemp-Smith Kevin , Newcomer Sean , Climstein Mike
Published: September 2021

Surfing has grown significantly in the past decade as highlighted by its inclusion in the 2020 Olympic Games. This growth substantiates a need for training methods that improve surfing performance. The purpose of this review is to (a) identify training methods available to competitive and recreational surfers in peer-reviewed literature, (b) evaluate the effectiveness of these methods, and (c) highlight any limitations and potential areas for future research. Five electronic databases were searched, and 8 papers were identified that met the eligibility criteria. Five of these studies used a quasiexperimental design, and 1 used a case study. The remaining 2 studies used field-based outcome measures specific to paddling; however, no study demonstrated improvement in wave-riding performance. The main training methods identified were (a) resistance training, (b) unstable surface training, and (c) cardiovascular training. Maximal strength training of the upper-body and high-intensity and sprint-interval paddling demonstrated effectiveness for improving paddling performance; however, unstable surface training was ineffective. Although all interventions improved laboratory-based outcomes, there were no objective measures of wave-riding performance. The findings of this scoping review demonstrate a paucity and low level of evidence in peer-reviewed literature relating training methods to surfing performance.
PROJETO DE UM SISTEMA DE TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO PARA CANTEIRO DE OBRAS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: MARTINS Fabiano Battemarco
Published: September 2021

O estudo apresentado tem o objetivo avaliar o sistema de esgotamento sanitário do canteiro de obras objeto deste estudo de caso, utilizado como canteiro de apoio as obras de duplicação da BR-493/RJ – Acesso ao Porto de Itaguaí, com período de utilização de 18 meses. Foi realizado revisão da literatura técnica e da legislação ambiental, verificando se as condições exigíveis em diretrizes e normas foram atendidas quando da elaboração do projeto de implantação do canteiro. O estudo apresentará o dispositivo Fossa Séptica executado quando da implantação do canteiro de obras e será levantado através dos relatórios mensais de supervisão a população contribuinte mês a mês afim de projetar um sistema de esgotamento sanitário de maior eficiência adequando a demanda da obra, garantindo a qualidade do efluente. O canteiro de obras será detalhadamente apresentado, bem como suas dependências e ocupação, determinante para o melhor dimensionamento do sistema de esgotamento sanitário e um novo sistema projetado afim de que atender toda a legislação ambiental vigente.
AVALIAÇÃO DA CONFORMIDADE LEGAL EM RELAÇÃO AS NORMAS REGULAMENTADORAS DO MINISTÉRIO DO TRABALHO E EMPREGO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Martins Fabiano Battemarco , Nóbrega Marcelo de Jesus Rodrigues da , Raed Michele Soares Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo abordas as não conformidades às Normas Regulamentadoras do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE), principalmente as NR’s 5 e 6 nas atividades desenvolvidas pela empresa MR Engenharia nas suas próprias instalações e nos locais das contratantes. A partir da verificação das atividades executadas, coleta de dados, fotos e entrevistas com os funcionários responsáveis, realizou-se uma revisão do atendimento às NR’s pertinentes ao escopo de trabalho da empresa. Este trabalho realizou o cálculo das penalidades e multas relativas às não conformidades identificadas, visando à integridade física e a saúde das pessoas envolvidas nas atividades da empresa, bem como a preservação do seu patrimônio.

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ESTUDO DA CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA CORRENTE DE FUGA NA CALIBRAÇÃO DE RESISTORES PADRÃO DE 10 KΩ E 100 KΩ UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO DE CALIBRAÇÃO POTENCIOMÉTRICO POR DIVISOR DE TENSÃO BINÁRIO E POR COMPARAÇÃO DE CORRENTE
Authors: Da Silva Márcio Cândido
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo aborda o uso de duas metodologias disponíveis em equipamentos comerciais para calibrar resistores padrão de 10 kΩ e 100 kΩ. A calibração desses resistores foi realizada através de duas pontes automáticas de resistência de modelos e métodos diferentes. Uma delas utiliza o método de comparação de corrente e a outra, o método potenciométrico com divisor de tensão binário. Os resistores utilizados possuem uma significativa corrente de fuga que mostram a divergência que pode ocorrer entre os resultados de calibração obtidos em cada metodologia. Para realizar esta comparação foi utilizada metodologia específica para estimar o valor da resistência de fuga e comparar este valor com o obtido através de um teraohmímetro. Este estudo contribui para estabelecer critérios de correção e/ou inclusão de componentes de incerteza em resistores calibrados nestas duas metodologias.
MÉTODO 300 E SOCRATIVE: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA COM O USO DA METODOLOGIA ATIVA ALIADA À TECNOLOGIA NO CICLO BÁSICO DAS ENGENHARIAS
Authors: Passos Pedro Paulo Sena
Published: September 2021

As metodologias ativas vêm sendo centro de discussão para a implementação e aprimoramento por várias instituições de ensino. Uma delas é o “Método 300”, criada em 2013 pelo Professor Ricardo Fragelli da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), motivado pelo alto índice de reprovação nas suas turmas de Cálculo 1 do ciclo básico das engenharias. Trate-se de uma metodologia baseada em aprendizagem ativa e colaborativa em que alunos que se destacam na primeira avaliação ajudam os que tiveram pior desempenho e são bonificados de acordo com o avanço dos integrantes da sua equipe. A utilização da tecnologia através do programa Socrative, classificado como uma das TICs (Tecnologias da informação e educação), tornou o método bem mais atrativo e dinâmico, pois os resultados das avaliações foram fornecidos instantaneamente. A experiência fornece a opinião dos alunos sobre as metodologias ativas através de pesquisa pelo Google Forms e os gráficos gerados pelo aplicativo. Os resultados são mostrados através de dados importados pelo Excel.
CNS Hypomyelination Disrupts Axonal Conduction and Behavior in Larval Zebrafish
Authors: Madden M. E. , Suminaite D. , Ortiz E. , Early J. J. , Koudelka S. , Livesey M. R. , Bianco I. H. , Granato M. , Lyons D. A.
Published: September 2021

Myelination is essential for central nervous system (CNS) formation, health and function. As a model organism, larval zebrafish have been extensively employed to investigate the molecular and cellular basis of CNS myelination, because of their genetic tractability and suitability for non-invasive live cell imaging. However, it has not been assessed to what extent CNS myelination affects neural circuit function in zebrafish larvae, prohibiting the integration of molecular and cellular analyses of myelination with concomitant network maturation. To test whether larval zebrafish might serve as a suitable platform with which to study the effects of CNS myelination and its dysregulation on circuit function, we generated zebrafish myelin regulatory factor (myrf) mutants with CNS-specific hypomyelination and investigated how this affected their axonal conduction properties and behavior. We found thatmyrfmutant larvae exhibited increased latency to perform startle responses following defined acoustic stimuli. Furthermore, we found that hypomyelinated animals often selected an impaired response to acoustic stimuli, exhibiting a bias toward reorientation behavior instead of the stimulus-appropriate startle response. To begin to study how myelination affected the underlying circuitry, we established electrophysiological protocols to assess various conduction properties along single axons. We found that the hypomyelinatedmyrfmutants exhibited reduced action potential conduction velocity and an impaired ability to sustain high-frequency action potential firing. This study indicates that larval zebrafish can be used to bridge molecular and cellular investigation of CNS myelination with multiscale assessment of neural circuit function.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMyelination of CNS axons is essential for their health and function, and it is now clear that myelination is a dynamic life-long process subject to modulation by neuronal activity. However, it remains unclear precisely how changes to myelination affects animal behavior and underlying action potential conduction along axons in intact neural circuits. In recent years, zebrafish have been employed to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of myelination, because of their relatively simple, optically transparent, experimentally tractable vertebrate nervous system. Here we find that changes to myelination alter the behavior of young zebrafish and action potential conduction along individual axons, providing a platform to integrate molecular, cellular, and circuit level analyses of myelination using this model.
FACILITATING CHILDREN’S PARTICIPATION WITHIN MULTIDISCIPLINARY MEETINGS: GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR CHILD AND YOUTH CARE CENTRES
Authors: Johannisen Jessica , Van Wyk Carlien , Yates Hannelie
Published: September 2021

Legislation on both an international and national level advocates that all children have a right to participate in all matters affecting them. This article reflects an interest in children’s participation in the broad field of child protection, and specifically within the context of South African child and youth care centres. Against this contextual background, the article aims to introduce guiding principles that may stimulate ongoing conversation on the facilitation of children’s participation in a specific space of decision-making within child and youth care centres, namely multidisciplinary meetings. Guiding principles were derived from a comprehensive qualitative study in which individual semi-structured interviews and focus group groups were conducted to collect data from residential social workers, child and youth care workers, and children from child and youth care centres in the greater metropolitan area of Cape Town in South Africa
Aproximaciones doctrinales a la teoría de la pérdida de oportunidad. Análisis y reflexiones del caso español
Authors: Oyarzún Vargas Felipe
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo refiere a las aproximaciones de la doctrina a la teoría de la pérdida de oportunidad en España. La otrora denominada “hermana pobre del derecho de daños” ha pasado de ser una figura poco atendida por parte de los agentes jurídicos a ser una construcción dogmática trascendente y relevante en el estudio de la responsabilidad civil. El presente estudio informa de los orígenes y las dos perspectivas que tratan la pérdida de oportunidad: el enfoque desde el daño y el enfoque desde la causalidad. A continuación, se analizará el desarrollo doctrinal en el ordenamiento jurídico español de esta teoría, mediante el estudio de la pérdida de oportunidad procesal en materia de abogados y la pérdida de oportunidad de curación en materia médica. Finalmente, consecuencia de lo expuesto, se proporcionan algunas reflexiones y aportes a la teoría de la pérdida de oportunidad.
fragmentación legal internacional como desafío al estado de Derecho y la coordinación inter-judicial como salvaguarda jurídica
Authors: Lligadas González Gemma
Published: September 2021

A medida que la indeterminación y fragmentación legal se extienden por el ordenamiento internacional, los gobiernos encuentran más oportunidades para expandir su margen de discrecionalidad y esquivar el control de legalidad del poder judicial. La consecuencia de este desequilibrio entre poderes es la afectación de las premisas del Estado de Derecho y, a la postre, la desprotección de los ciudadanos. Sin embargo, la llamada coordinación inter-judicial puede mejorar la posición jurídica del ciudadano tanto en el estado como en el orden internacional, puesto que recupera y avanza el principio de separación de poderes, el imperio de la ley y la protección de los derechos fundamentales (y humanos) en el ordenamiento nacional e internacional, respectivamente.
construcción de una europa más igualitaria desde la protección de las víctimas de violencia de género
Authors: Borges Blázquez Raquel
Published: September 2021

El propósito de este artículo es analizar las aristas de la Directiva sobre la Orden Europea de Protección cuando se trata de proteger a las víctimas de violencia de género. El inexistente concepto de víctima de violencia de género dificulta sobremanera el adecuado uso del instrumento y nos muestra cuánta Europa queda por construir. Al final del artículo proponemos la creación de una medida cautelar civil para acercarnos al resto de ordenamientos jurídicos de nuestro entorno y facilitar el reconocimiento mutuo.
MASD i MARSI – zaburzenia integralności skóry, różnicowanie, objawy i postępowanie
Authors: Szkiler Elżbieta
Published: September 2021

W niniejszej pracy omówiono uszkodzenia skóry spowodowane wilgocią i klejami medycznymi. Uszkodzenia skóry są trudne do zdiagnozowania we wczesnym stadium rozwoju, a w stanach zaawansowanych sprawiają trudności terapeutyczne. Obydwa te powikłania powstają najczęściej w warunkach szpitalnych, rzadziej podczas opieki domowej. Znajomość czynników ryzyka, przyczyn, cech charakterystycznych i objawów pozwala na prowadzenie skutecznej profilaktyki MASD i MARSI.
Acetylation of bacterial cellulose using N-methyl-imidazole as a catalyst under solvent-free and N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride solvent systems
Authors: Wu Jian , Tao Yanlei , Geng Alei , Xie Rongrong , Zhu Daochen , Wang Qianqian , Sun Lushan , Sun Jianzhong
Published: September 2021

Bacterial cellulose acetate (BCA) at a low degree of substitution (DS) was prepared using acetic anhydride in the presence of N-methylimidazole (NMIM) as a catalyst. The acetylated reaction was studied in both solvent-free (heterogeneous) and N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl; homogeneous) systems, where the DS ranges of BCA obtained from heterogeneous (BCA-HE) and homogeneous (BCA-HO) systems were recorded as 0.31 to 0.95 and 0.4 to 1.5, respectively. The DS values could be effectively controlled by adjusting the reaction conditions. Compared to the heterogeneous reaction, the homogeneous reaction could be processed under a mild condition within a short time. The BCA-HE and BCA-HO displayed good water solubility at a DS value less than 0.95 and 1.09, respectively. The structural and the characteristic changes were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analyses. The present study may offer a convenient, mild, and green catalyzed-processing to tailor low DS of cellulose acetate.
Achieving high volatile fatty acid production from raw henna (Lawsonia inermis) biomass at mild alkaline conditions
Authors: Huang Jingang , Guo Kangyin , Shi Binfang , Han Wei , Hou Pingzhi , Tang Junhong
Published: September 2021

Strong alkaline hydrolysis is usually employed to enhance fermentative production of volatile fatty acid (VFA) from plant biomass. However, this method is not ecofriendly due to the large consumption of energy/chemicals. In this study, a special henna plant biomass (Lawsonia inermis) containing the chemical compound lawsone, served as a fermentation substrate (without any pretreatment) for high VFA production under mild alkaline conditions (pH 9). The results indicated that the fermentative VFA production was 0.31 g per gram of henna biomass, which was comparable to other plant biomass pretreated with hydrothermal, strong acidic, and/or alkaline methods. Acetate was the main VFA component, and accounted for 69% to 82% of the COD fraction. The soluble lawsone concentration in the fermentation system ranged from 8.5 mg/L to 31.2 mg/L, which mediated the potential fermentation process. Thus, in this study henna was established as a feasible plant biomass for high fermentative VFA production in mild alkaline conditions.
Naujagimio kraujotakos stebėsena neinvaziniu hemodinamikos monitoriumi ir jos pokyčiai sisteminės infekcijos metu
Authors:   , Pliauckienė Aušrinė
Published: September 2021

Non invasive monitoring of haemodynamics and its changes during systemic infection in neonatal patients
Half Century Since SIDS: A Reappraisal of Terminology
Authors: Shapiro-Mendoza Carrie K. , Palusci Vincent J. , Hoffman Benjamin , Batra Erich , Yester Marc , Corey Tracey S. , Sens Mary Ann ,   AAP TASK FORCE ON SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME, COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT, COUNCIL ON INJURY, VIOLENCE, AND POISON PREVENTION, SECTION ON CHILD DEATH REVIEW AND PREVENTION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS, Moon Rachel Y. , Goodstein Michael H. , Abu Jawdeh Elie , Carlin Rebecca , Colvin Jeffrey , Hwang Sunah Susan , Hauck Fern R. , Haney Suzanne B. , Sirotnak Andrew P. , Asnes Andrea G. , Gavril Amy R. , Greenlee Girardet Rebecca , Hoffert Gilmartin Amanda Bird , Heavilin Nancy D. , Laskey Antoinette , Messner Stephen A. , Mohr Bethany A. , Nienow Shalon Marie , Rosado Norell , Agran Phyllis F. , Hirsh Michael , Johnston Brian , Kendi Sadiqa , Lee Lois K. , Monroe Kathy , Schaechter Judy , Tenenbein Milton , Zonfrillo Mark R. , Quinlan Kyran , Bechtel Kirsten A. , Berkowitz Carol D. , Needelman Howard W.
Published: September 2021

After a sudden infant death, parents and caregivers need accurate and open communication about why their infant died. Communicating tragic news about a child’s death to families and caregivers is difficult. Shared and consistent terminology is essential for pediatricians, other physicians, and nonphysician clinicians to improve communication with families and among themselves. When families do not have complete information about why their child died, pediatricians will not be able to support them through the process and make appropriate referrals for pediatric specialty and mental health care. Families can only speculate about the cause and may blame themselves or others for the infant’s death. The terminology used to describe infant deaths that occur suddenly and unexpectedly includes an assortment of terms that vary across and among pediatrician, other physician, or nonphysician clinician disciplines. Having consistent terminology is critical to improve the understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of these deaths and communicate with families. A lack of consistent terminology also makes it difficult to reliably monitor trends in mortality and hampers the ability to develop effective interventions. This report describes the history of sudden infant death terminology and summarizes the debate over the terminology and the resulting diagnostic shift of these deaths. This information is to assist pediatricians, other physicians, and nonphysician clinicians in caring for families during this difficult time. The importance of consistent terminology is outlined, followed by a summary of progress toward consensus. Recommendations for pediatricians, other physicians, and nonphysician clinicians are proposed.
School-Based Health Centers and Pediatric Practice
Authors: Kjolhede Chris , Lee April C. , Duncan De Pinto Cheryl , O’Leary Sonja C. , Baum Marti , Savio Beers Nathaniel , Moran Bode Sara , Gibson Erica J. , Gorski Peter , Jacob Viju , Larkin Marian , Christopher Ryan , Schumacher Heidi
Published: September 2021

School-based health centers (SBHCs) are unique health care settings for our nation’s school-aged children and adolescents. SBHCs represent the collaboration between the health and school communities to support the health and mental health needs and the academic achievements of children and adolescents, particularly students with health disparities or poor access to health care. SBHCs improve access to health care services for students by decreasing financial, geographic, age, and cultural barriers. This policy statement provides an overview of SBHCs, including the scope of services as well as some of the documented benefits and challenges. This policy statement also reviews the role of SBHCs in working with the pediatric medical home and provides recommendations that support the coordination of SBHCs with pediatric primary care providers and the pediatric medical home.
Performatives in Biblical Aramaic
Authors: Andrason Alexander , Lange Hans
Published: September 2021

This article analyses Biblical Aramaic (BA) performatives within a prototype approach. The authors demonstrate that BA performatives largely comply with the crosslinguistic prototype and its grammatical and extra-grammatical features. Crucially, although the two ‘tenses’ used, Suffix Conjugation (SC) and Active Participle (AP), exhibit similar frequency in performatives, they differ in distribution: the performative SC is more conventionalised/archaic/typical of Ezra while the performative AP is more productive/innovative/ typical of Daniel. These differences reﬂect the gradual replacement of SC by AP in performatives due to the profound advancement of the two ‘tenses’ along their respective grammaticalisation paths: the resultative and imperfective paths.
Effectiveness of Implementation of Government Programs and Regional Measures to Support Mortgages in Volgograd Region
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Simaeva Natalia , Adzhikova Altynay ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kusmartseva Yulia ,   Volgograd State University
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of mortgage lending in Volgograd region in terms of compliance of the implemented mortgage programs to ensure affordability of mortgage lending for the residents of the region. The relevance of the topic of the study is connected with the need to develop mortgage lending in Volgograd region and increase the efficiency of mortgage programs. The purpose of this article is to identify problems and study promising possibilities to maintain the availability of mortgage loans for citizens of Volgograd region. The article analyzes the state and trends of mortgage lending development in the region from the position of solving the problems of its strategic social and economic development. The authors study state mortgage programs existing in the region. It was shown that these programs are not effective enough, and a number of problems that hinder their further development were identified, namely: decline in real incomes of the population; insufficient funding of public mortgage programs; inefficient use of budget funds in the implementation of mortgage programs; decline in number of houses put in service in the region; bankruptcy of construction companies; monopolization of the construction market of the region; high cost of dwelling units and mortgages; high share of families in need of improved housing conditions. To solve these problems, it is suggested to change the methodology for financing state mortgage programs, reduce mortgage interest rates for residents of Volgograd region to an optimal level. The mentioned measures will help to increase the efficiency of mortgage programs and mortgage affordability for citizens. At the same time, it is of particular importance that the suggested measures are universal in nature and can be used for the development of mortgage lending in other regions.
Recognition Specifics of Public Sector Organizations’ Financial Insolvency
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Solodova Svetlana , Yazynina Yaroslava ,   Volgograd State University
Published: September 2021

The current state of the Russian economy is characterized by the economic entities’ unstable financial position. Under the influence of various internal and external factors, an entity may not have the opportunities to repay its current payables, i.e. to be financially insolvent. In recent years, it has become increasingly obvious that insolvency can be found not only in commercial organizations, but also institutions operating in the public sector of the economy, and seemingly protected by fairly stable sources of financing. The purpose of the work is to study the manifestation specifics of the public sector organizations’ financial insolvency. The paper uses the methods of theoretical research (abstraction, analysis and synthesis, mental modeling), as well as the methods of empirical research (observation, comparison, measurement). Based on the study of scientific papers published by Russian economists, alternative approaches to the concept of “bankruptcy” that take place in Russian science are analyzed; the nature of this phenomenon is studied. The article describes the types of bankruptcy of the organization, as provided by the system of normative regulation of the state, and defined by the researchers of bankruptcy as an economic phenomenon. The authors carried out a comparative analysis of the economic conditions of bankruptcy procedures of financial insolvency recognition for commercial organizations and public sector organizations. The relationship between the concepts of “financial insolvency” and “inefficiency” of a public (municipal) institution is revealed. The influence of the legal status of the institution (state, budget, autonomous) on the decision-making procedure for its liquidation is revealed. Possible reasons for initiation of a public (municipal) institution liquidation by state bodies are indicated. The main (key) stages of the public (municipal) institution liquidation procedure are determined. The current problems of legislation application on insolvency (bankruptcy) in relation to public (municipal) institutions are revealed. The measures for their elimination are suggested.
Dynamics of Poverty and Reduction of Low Income Population in Developing Countries
Authors:   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, Shibakov Mikhail
Published: September 2021

The term “poverty” is interpreted in different ways around the world due to the multidimensional nature of the phenomenon itself. While in some countries and geographical regions poverty is considered as deprivation, in others it is analyzed within the framework of situations of inequality in the distribution of resources and social exclusion. Despite the differences in the characteristics of this problem, many developing Countries have been using universal approaches to poverty reduction for many years. The purpose of the article is to study conceptual approaches to the definition of poverty with an emphasis on their evolution and the analysis of measures taken in recent years leading to a reduction in the level of poverty. Using the methods of secondary data analysis and studying the opinions of both domestic and foreign scientists, the author came to the conclusion that universal approaches to poverty reduction have not had the proper effect, and it is necessary to consider the problem of poverty as a global phenomenon, but solve it at local levels using local indicators. To achieve sustainable development, countries should focus on meeting the basic needs of their residents and strive to ensure stable political and economic conditions. This problem of increasing the level of poverty is most relevant during the emerging pandemic, when due to the inability to sell their goods and services, some enterprises are closed, and people are left without a job and means of livelihood. The article examines the poverty reduction programs implemented in recent years, their successes and problems. As a solution to the problem, the author proposed a practical event with the expected participation of state bodies and domestic producers, the purpose of which is to provide the population with support: to reduce the financial burden of the poor segments of society and domestic companies during the pandemic.
Smart Technologies As a Tool for Development of Personal Pension Protection of Population
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Grigoryeva Lyubov , Gorshkova Natalya ,   Volgograd State University
Published: September 2021

The need to provide pension protection for the population of Russia is one of the priority tasks of the state’s social policy. However, the current situation connected with the territorial differentiation of retirement benefits creates conditions for finding new opportunities to provide the population with access to pension products that will allow them to ensure their pension protection. The importance of the issue determined the purpose of this paper which is to study the specifics of investment into personal pension protection of Russian citizens, as well as the peculiarities of smart technologies use during this process. The research methodology is based on the methods of systems analysis and synthesis, as well as on general research methods like induction and deduction. Methods of statistical and graphical analysis were used to process the empirical material. In order to study the involvement of the population in the investment into personal pension protection and the use of smart technologies in the financial sector, the method of sociological surveys and expert opinion was applied. Relying on the essential parameters of the Russian system of pension protection and the digital technologies used in the process of implementing the personal pension scheme funds of Russian citizens, the authors have identified and analyzed the following parameters: 1) specific features of the Russian system of pension protection for general public in Russia; 2) peculiarities of the financial behavior and financial preferences of Russians in the formation of personal pension protection; 3) key problems that deter people from the use of pension schemes in an expanded format; 4) suggested service of existing digital technologies in the pension system and the prospects for its development. The method suggested by the authors for the solution of the issues mentioned above involves taking into account the real needs of the public for the access to pension products by means of digital technologies based on the suggested service. The set of options suggested by the authors will contribute to the most efficient investment into pension protection of the general public and improve the standard of living of the population in the future.