bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Heart‐Centered, Gratitude‐Meditation Intervention to Increase Well‐Being among Adolescents
Authors: Duthely Lunthita M. , Nunn Sandra G. , Avella John T.
Published: October 2017

Population studies paint a dismal picture of the mental health status of adolescents, in the US and worldwide. Positive psychology, which takes a preventative approach to keeping individuals in higher states of well‐being, is being implemented increasingly among youth, with the goal of avoiding future mental health and psychological problems. In this study, a novel intervention, which fused the practice of meditation with gratitude visualizations, was tested among adolescents. The purpose of this quasi‐experimental study was to determine the extent to which the intervention affected life satisfaction, school satisfaction, and measured gratitude, among a culturally diverse cohort of adolescents. Instrumentation consisted of three positive psychology measures—the Student Life Satisfaction Scale, the School Satisfaction Subscale, and the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six-Item Form. Participants were randomly assigned either to the delayed‐intervention, no‐treatment control group or to the experimental group. The four‐week intervention was manualized primarily from the heart‐centered gratitude visualizations outlined in a happiness and positive emotions handbook, The Jewels of Happiness: Inspiration and Wisdom to Guide Your Life-Journey. The intervention significantly affected life satisfaction, school satisfaction, and gratitude of the experimental group, when compared to the control group. Medium to large effect sizes were detected using the ANCOVA statistical test.
Structure of Hybrid Interpolymeric Complexes of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Halides of Second Group Elements
Authors: Prosanov I. Yu. , Benassi E.
Published: October 2017

Density functional theory was used to investigate structure and properties of polyvinyl alcohol complexes with halides of second group elements XHal2 (X = Be, Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Cd, Ba, and Hg; Hal = F, Cl, Br, and I). PVA can form hybrid interpolymeric complexes with some of them. These complexes show double spiral structure of two types.
Rapid Ascending Sensorimotor Paralysis, Hearing Loss, and Fatal Arrhythmia in a Multimorbid Patient due to an Accidental Overdose of Fluoxetine
Authors: Herrmann Matthew , Xu Prissilla , Liu Antonio
Published: October 2017

Background. Common side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) include tachycardia, drowsiness, tremor, nausea, and vomiting. Although SSRIs have less toxic side effects compared to more traditional antidepressants, serious and life threatening cases of SSRI overdose have been reported. We describe a 24-year-old multimorbid female who presented to the emergency department with rapid onset ascending sensorimotor paralysis, complicated by respiratory and cardiac arrest, found to have fatal levels of fluoxetine by toxicological analysis, not taken in a suicidal act. Results. Autopsy was performed at the Los Angeles County Medical Examiner’s Office of a female with no evidence of traumatic injury. Toxicological analysis revealed lethal levels of fluoxetine, toxic levels of diphenhydramine, and multiple other coingested substances at nontoxic levels. Neuropathological examination of the brain and spinal cord revealed no evidence of Guillain-Barre paralysis. Conclusions. Lethal levels of fluoxetine and multiple potential drug-to-drug interactions in our patient likely contributed to her unique signs and symptoms. This is the first case reporting neurologic signs and symptoms consisting of rapid onset ascending sensorimotor paralysis, hearing loss, respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and death in a patient with lethal levels of fluoxetine.
Hemoptysis following Talc Pleurodesis in a Pneumothorax Patient
Authors: Kakiuchi Yusuke , Yamaguchi Fumihiro , Hayashi Makoto , Shikama Yusuke
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this article is to report a case of hemoptysis occurring in combination with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax following chemical pleurodesis by talc. A Japanese male with cancer of renal pelvis was found with the left pneumothorax and multiple lung metastases. A computed-tomography scan revealed severe emphysema throughout the lungs. Talc pleurodesis was employed to arrest air leakage. The patient developed hemoptysis 45 minutes after talc injection into the thorax. This is the first report of hemoptysis following talc pleurodesis. The agent could induce severe inflammation in capillary vessels of the lung following visceral pleura infiltration.
Combining Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Neural Networks for Driver Identification
Authors: Tanprasert Thitaree , Saiprasert Chalermpol , Thajchayapong Suttipong
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes an algorithm for real-time driver identification using the combination of unsupervised anomaly detection and neural networks. The proposed algorithm uses nonphysiological signals as input, namely, driving behavior signals from inertial sensors (e.g., accelerometers) and geolocation signals from GPS sensors. First anomaly detection is performed to assess if the current driver is whom he/she claims to be. If an anomaly is detected, the algorithm proceeds to find relevant features in the input signals and use neural networks to identify drivers. To assess the proposed algorithm, real-world data are collected from ten drivers who drive different vehicles on several routes in real-world traffic conditions. Driver identification is performed on each of the seven-second-long driving behavior signals and geolocation signals in a streaming manner. It is shown that the proposed algorithm can achieve relatively high accuracy and identify drivers within 13 seconds. The proposed algorithm also outperforms the previously proposed driver identification algorithms. Furthermore, to demonstrate how the proposed algorithm can be deployed in real-world applications, results from real-world data associated with each operation of the proposed algorithm are shown step-by-step.
Palpitations and Asthenia Associated with Venlafaxine in a CYP2D6 Poor Metabolizer and CYP2C19 Intermediate Metabolizer
Authors: Garcia Sofia , Schuh Michael , Cheema Anvir , Atwal Herjot , Atwal Paldeep S.
Published: October 2017

Cardiotoxicity has been extensively reported in venlafaxine (VEN) overdoses. Asthenia is also among the common side effects described for this antidepressant. VEN is metabolized mainly by CYP2D6 and to a minor extent by CYP2C19 to the major active metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV). Altered pharmacokinetic parameters in patients with polymorphisms in the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genes that result in decreased enzymatic activity have been documented. Here we describe a patient case of VEN associated palpitations and asthenia. The patient takes VEN extended release 150 mg twice daily. Genotyping confirmed the patient is a poor metabolizer for CYP2D6 and an intermediate metabolizer for CYP2C19. We propose that the palpitations and asthenia are related to sustained VEN exposure due to reduced metabolism.
An Efficient T-S Assimilation Strategy Based on the Developed Argo-Extending Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Chaojie , Ding Xiaohua , Zhang Jie , Yang Jungang , Ma Qiang
Published: October 2017

Data assimilation is an efficient technique in the estimation of ocean state, by introducing the benefit of in situ measurements. Considering the insufficiency of the observations, the performance of assimilation with few temperature and salinity (T-S) profiles is not satisfied. To modify the situation, an extending algorithm based on the Argo temperature profile is developed and applied to present more reconstructed information. Meanwhile, when the reconstructed information is assimilated into the ocean model, the accuracy of the outcomes would obtain a notable enhancement. To validate it, an experiment including four cases is conducted based on Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and 4-dimensional variational method (4DVAR). The comparison with the EN4 dataset shows that the cases assimilated the Argo and the reconstructed temperature profiles are both promoted; the addition of reconstructed temperature profiles does enhance the accuracy; the impact of SST introduced in the extending algorithm process is negligible; the net enhancement of reconstructed temperature profiles is comparable with Argo T-S observations. Finally, the positive impact of the developed algorithm on data assimilation is validated.
Effect of Gelsemium elegans and Mussaenda pubescens, the Components of a Detoxification Herbal Formula, on Disturbance of the Intestinal Absorptions of Indole Alkaloids in Caco‐2 Cells
Authors: Wang Yinghao , Wang Heshan , Wu Shuisheng , Li Desen , Chen Sainan
Published: October 2017

Gelsemium elegans (GE) is a kind of well‐known toxic plant. It can be detoxified by Mussaenda pubescens (MP), but the detoxification mechanism is still unclear. Thus, a detoxification herbal formula (GM) comprising GE and MP was derived. The Caco‐2 cells monolayer model was used to evaluate GM effects on transporting six kinds of indole alkaloids of GE. The bidirectional transport studies demonstrated that absorbance percentage of indole alkaloids in GE increased linearly over time. But in GM, Papp (AP→BL) values of the most toxic members, gelsenicine, humantenidine, and gelsevirine, were lower than that of Papp (BL→AP) (P < 0.05). The prominent analgesic effect members, gelsemine and koumine, were approximately 1.00 in γ values. Nowhere was this increasing efflux more pronounced than in the case of indole alkaloids with N‐O structure. In the presence of verapamil, the γ values of humantenidine, gelsenicine, gelsevirine, and humantenine were decreased by 43.69, 41.42, 36.00, and 8.90 percent, respectively. The γ values in presence of ciclosporin were homologous with a decrease of 42.32, 40.59, 34.00, and 15.07 percent. It suggested that the efflux transport was affected by transporters. Taken together, due to the efflux transporters participation, the increasing efflux of indole alkaloids from GM was found in Caco‐2 cells.
Isolation and Physiomorphological Characterization ofEscherichia coliO157:H7-Infecting Bacteriophages Recovered from Beef Cattle Operations
Authors: Litt Pushpinder Kaur , Jaroni Divya
Published: October 2017

Bacteriophages, recovered from beef cattle environment and specifically targetingEscherichia coliO157:H7, were examined for their physiological and morphological characteristics. Degree of bacterial lysis and host range of isolated bacteriophages was determined against 55 isolates ofE. coliO157:H7. Morphology of phages was examined under transmission electron microscope. Phage growth parameters, particularly rate of adsorption, rise period, latent period, and burst size were also determined. The stability of isolated phages was tested at acidic and alkaline pH, at high temperatures, and in cold storage. A total of 7 phages were isolated which showed lytic activity against 50 out of 55 isolates ofE. coliO157:H7. Based on the morphology, phages were classified into Myoviridae or Siphoviridae family. Phages had a rise period between 19 and 40 min, a short latent period between 12 and 30 min, and a large burst size (89–631 virions per infected cell), indicating high lytic activity. Phages remained stable for 24 h at a wide pH (1–11) and temperature range (40–60°C) and for 90 d in cold storage. Characterization of bacteriophages, with a diverse host range ofE. coliO157:H7, could aid in the development of effective biocontrol strategies for this pathogen in the food industry.
Sodium Fluorescein-Guided Resection under the YELLOW 560 nm Surgical Microscope Filter in Malignant Gliomas: Our First 38 Cases Experience
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Tian Hailong , Huang Dezhang , Meng Xianbing , Guo Wenqiang , Wang Chaochao , Yin Xin , Zhang Hongying , Jiang Bin , He Zheng , Wang Zhigang
Published: October 2017

Objective. Sodium fluorescein (FL) had been safely used in fluorescence-guided microsurgery for imaging various brain tumors. Under the YELLOW 560 nm surgical microscope filter, low-dose FL as a fluorescent dye helps in visualization. Our study investigated the safety and efficacy of this innovative technique in malignant glioma (MG) patients. Patients and Method. 38 patients suffering from MGs confirmed by pathology underwent FL-guided resection under YELLOW 560 nm surgical microscope filter. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characters, microsurgery procedure, extent of resection, pathology of MGs, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results. Thirty-eight patients had MGs (10 WHO grade III, 28 WHO grade IV). With YELLOW 560 nm surgical microscope filter combined with neuronavigation, sodium fluorescein-guided gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 35 (92.1%) patients and subtotal resection in 3 (7.69%). The sensitivity and specificity of FL were 94.4% and 88.6% regardless of radiographic localization. Intraoperatively, 10 biopsies (10/28 FL[+]) showed “low” or “high” fluorescence in non-contrast-enhancement region and are also confirmed by pathology. Our data showed 6-month PFS of 92.3% and median survival of 11 months. Conclusion. FL-guided resection of MGs under the YELLOW 560 nm surgical microscope filter combined with neuronavigation was safe and effective, especially in non-contrast-MRI regions. It is feasible for improving the extent of resection in MGs especially during emergency cases.
Locus Coeruleus and Dopamine-Dependent Memory Consolidation
Authors: Yamasaki Miwako , Takeuchi Tomonori
Published: October 2017

Most everyday memories including many episodic-like memories that we may form automatically in the hippocampus (HPC) are forgotten, while some of them are retained for a long time by a memory stabilization process, called initial memory consolidation. Specifically, the retention of everyday memory is enhanced, in humans and animals, when something novel happens shortly before or after the time of encoding. Converging evidence has indicated that dopamine (DA) signaling via D1/D5receptors in HPC is required for persistence of synaptic plasticity and memory, thereby playing an important role in the novelty-associated memory enhancement. In this review paper, we aim to provide an overview of the key findings related to D1/D5receptor-dependent persistence of synaptic plasticity and memory in HPC, especially focusing on the emerging evidence for a role of the locus coeruleus (LC) in DA-dependent memory consolidation. We then refer to candidate brain areas and circuits that might be responsible for detection and transmission of the environmental novelty signal and molecular and anatomical evidence for the LC-DA system. We also discuss molecular mechanisms that might mediate the environmental novelty-associated memory enhancement, including plasticity-related proteins that are involved in initial memory consolidation processes in HPC.
Building Up a Robust Risk Mathematical Platform to Predict Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Le , Zheng Chunqiu , Li Tian , Xing Lei , Zeng Han , Li Tingting , Yang Huan , Cao Jia , Chen Badong , Zhou Ziyuan
Published: October 2017

Colorectal cancer (CRC), as a result of a multistep process and under multiple factors, is one of the most common life-threatening cancers worldwide. To identify the “high risk” populations is critical for early diagnosis and improvement of overall survival rate. Of the complicated genetic and environmental factors, which group is mostly concerning colorectal carcinogenesis remains contentious. For this reason, this study collects relatively complete information of genetic variations and environmental exposure for both CRC patients and cancer-free controls; a multimethod ensemble model for CRC-risk prediction is developed by employing such big data to train and test the model. Our results demonstrate that (1) the explored genetic and environmental biomarkers are validated to connect to the CRC by biological function- or population-based evidences, (2) the model can efficiently predict the risk of CRC after parameter optimization by the big CRC-related data, and (3) our innovated heterogeneous ensemble learning model (HELM) and generalized kernel recursive maximum correntropy (GKRMC) algorithm have high prediction power. Finally, we discuss why the HELM and GKRMC can outperform the classical regression algorithms and related subjects for future study.
A Turn-On Fluorescent Sensor for Hg2+ Based on Graphene Oxide
Authors: He Yong Wu , Feng Yi , Kang Lian Wei , Li Xiao Liang
Published: October 2017

A graphene oxide- (GO-) boradiazaindacenes (BODIPY) charge-transfer complex (BGO) has been easily synthesized, and the structure of BGO was confirmed by FT-IR and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Moreover, the BGO was found that could be used as a turn-on fluorescent sensor for Hg2+. Upon addition of Hg2+, the fluorescence of BGO would be enhanced since the energy transfer between BODIPY and GO was inhibited. The selectivity and the competition performance of BGO towards Hg2+ were good among other heavy metal ions.
A Case of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke due to Intravascular Lymphomatosis, Undiagnosed by Random Skin Biopsy and Brain Imaging
Authors: Ohya Yuichiro , Osaki Masato , Sakai Shouta , Kimura Shunsuke , Shimogamo Tatsuro , Ago Tetsuro , Kitazono Takanari , Arakawa Shuji
Published: October 2017

Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare disease characterized by the proliferation of lymphoma cells in the lumen of the small blood vessels. Although early diagnosis of IVL is important to prolong survival of the patients, its atypical symptoms and clinical course often delay its diagnosis. More than half of the patients are diagnosed at autopsy. We report a 68-year-old man who presented with transient ideomotor apraxia and mildly elevated soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels. He was initially diagnosed with aortogenic embolic stroke. He developed rapidly progressive neurological manifestations with enlargement of brain lesions on brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and died 3 months after symptom onset. The diagnosis of IVL could not be made by random skin biopsy, but was finally made at autopsy. For the early diagnosis, sufficient random skin biopsy or brain biopsy should be planned when suspected.
Protective Effects of Pretreatment with Quercetin Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis and the Inhibition of Osteoblast Differentiation via the MAPK and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways in MC3T3-E1 Cells
Authors: Guo Chun , Yang Rui-Juan , Jang Ke , Zhou Xiao-ling , Liu Yu-zhen
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims: Quercetin, a flavonoid found in onions and other vegetables, has potential inhibitory effects on bone resorption in vivo and in vitro. In our previous study, we found that quercetin treatment reversed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of pretreatment with quercetin on apoptosis and the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells induced by LPS. Methods: MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were treated with quercetin for 2 h; cells were then incubated with LPS in the presence of quercetin for the indicated times. Cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated using Hoechst 33258 staining. The mRNA expression levels of osteoblast-specific genes, Bax and caspase-3 were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Protein levels of osteoblast-specific genes, caspase-3, Bax, cytochrome c, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, phosphorylated MAPKs and Wnt/β-catenin were measured using Western blot assays. The MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways were blocked prior to pretreatment with quercetin. Results: Pretreatment with quercetin significantly restored LPS-suppressed bone mineralization and the mRNA and protein expression levels of osteoblast-specific genes such as Osterix (OSX), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with quercetin also inhibited osteoblast apoptosis, significantly restored the down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and decreased the upregulated expression of caspase-3, Bax, and cytochrome c in MC3T3-E1 cells induced by LPS. Furthermore, pretreatment with quercetin not only decreased the abundance of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and increased the abundance of phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), but also triggered the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through enhancing expression of Wnt3 and β-catenin. Pretreatment with MAPK inhibitors or the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor XAV939 blocked the protective effects of quercetin against LPS-induced apoptosis and the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that pretreatment with quercetin may be a potential drug for preventing abnormal human bone loss induced by LPS in bacteria-induced bone diseases.
Patent Foramen Ovale as Possible Cause of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Case Report
Authors: Ciorba Andrea , Corazzi Virginia , Cerritelli Luca , Bianchini Chiara , Scanelli Giovanni , Aimoni Claudia
Published: October 2017

Objective: To present a case of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and the related diagnostic workup. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 54-year-old man presented with a unilateral SSNHL episode and vertigo. A severe patent foramen ovale (PFO) that included a complete ear nose and throat, audiological, and neurological examination was discovered during the diagnostic workup. Audiometry, blood, and serological tests were performed. Magnetic resonance imaging and color Doppler echography of the supra-aortic trunks and lower limbs were carried out. Finally, transthoracic followed by transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial Doppler were performed in order to confirm the diagnosis of PFO. Medical therapy with systemic steroid and antiplatelet drugs was administered. Conclusions: This case showed a small PFO associated with an aneurysmatic interatrial septum. The PFO and paradoxical thromboembolism could be involved in the pathogenesis of SSNHL.
O Simpósio “Arqueologia dos Povos Jê no Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, MAE-USP”
Authors: Afonso Marisa Coutinho , Silva Fabíola Andrea
Published: October 2017

Para compreender a história de longa duração dos povos Jê que ocuparam os territórios circunscritos ao que hoje se define como os estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo e Minas Gerais acreditamos que seja necessário um permanente e produtivo diálogo interdisciplinar. Como já vem sendo demonstrado por vários pesquisadores são bastante evidentes as relações que podem ser estabelecidas entre o passado arqueológico, o passado histórico e o presente etnográfico desses povos, no sul e sudeste do Brasil. Esta constatação incentiva o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que procurem identificar os aspectos culturais de continuidade e de transformação nos modos de vida desses povos, bem como a sua distribuição geográfica e as suas relações com outros povos, ao longo do tempo. O Simpósio “Arqueologia dos Povos Jê no Sul e Sudeste do Brasil” foi idealizado com o objetivo de debater as possibilidades, as potencialidades e os resultados deste diálogo interdisciplinar. Nosso objetivo era promover um ambiente acadêmico onde os participantes pudessem expor suas experiências de pesquisa, partilhar idéias e debater temas importantes e comuns à antropologia e arqueologia dos povos Jê que ocuparam e ainda ocupam territórios no sul e sudeste do Brasil.
Contribuição da etnografia dos Jê Meridionais à Arqueologia
Authors: Veiga Juracilda
Published: October 2017

Os Kaingang e Xokleng são as etnias que constituem o ramo Jê Meridional. Apesar das suas transformações culturais ao longo do tempo, concepções profundas e nucleares de identidade cultural são persistentes, caso dos Kaingang que são extremamente arraigados a alguns de seus referentes culturais. Este texto trata de alguns aspectos da cosmologia e socialidade dos Kaingang e enfatiza a relação destes dois aspectos com a construção de habitações, espaços rituais e monumentos funerários. A autora procura ressaltar que aspectos da espacialidade dos Kaingang e Xokleng podem ser identificados pelas pesquisas arqueológicas.
A compreensão do território Kaingang no Oeste Paulista a partir da cultura material: possibilidades interpretativas na análise arqueológica
Authors: Rodrigues Robson
Published: October 2017

O estudo da cultura material de populações indígenas contemporâneas constitui-se em um objeto privilegiado de pesquisa e aprendizado para os arqueólogos, pois permite uma compreensão da dinâmica dos processos de produção e uso dos itens materiais na construção cultural de um povo. No decorrer do processo histórico, os Kaingang, devido ao contato interétnico, diminuíram drasticamente a sua produção oleira, assim como o seu modo de ocupação e utilização do espaço e sistema de assentamento. Tendo como intenção construir modelos interpretativos sobre aspectos do comportamento e da dinâmica social pretérita e ao mesmo tempo compreender como os diferentes elementos históricos provenientes do processo de expansão capitalista provocaram alterações no modo de ser indígena, o caminho que venho percorrendo em minha pesquisa define um panorama do mapa da ocupação Kaingang no Oeste Paulista a partir de dados gerados pelas interpretações arqueológicas na análise da cultura material e da documentação histórica identificada durante as pesquisas no território indígena.
Arqueologia Jê no sertão paulista: os Kayapó Meridionais na bacia do Rio Grande - SP
Authors: Rasteiro Renan Pezzi
Published: October 2017

Esse artigo apresenta informações relacionadas à arqueologia e etno-história da região norte do estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa concentra-se no contexto da bacia do Rio Grande tendo como foco os grupos indígenas Jê, denominados nos relatos históricos da área pelo etnônimo de Kayapó Meridionais, que ocuparam o território entre os séculos XVII e XX. Os relatos de cronistas, naturalistas, viajantes e exploradores que percorreram a região e produziram vasta documentação em conjunto com os dados arqueológicos fornecem subsídios que contribuem para o debate da inserção dos indígenas na formação da história regional. Por meio do levantamento e da sistematização destas informações busca-se elaborar e fornecer dados sobre esses povos que permitam uma melhor compreensão sobre a ocupação Jê no Brasil, colaborando assim, com as futuras apesquisas arqueológicas na área.
Estudo de fogueiras e antracologia em contexto Proto-Jê do Sul
Authors: Azevedo Leonardo Waisman de , Scheel-Ybert Rita
Published: October 2017

O estudo de fogueiras Proto-Jê do Sul em sítios do nordeste do RS permitiu a compreensão de questões relacionadas à tecnologia de fogueiras e à economia de combustíveis destes grupos. Fez-se isso a partir de uma descrição qualitativa das fogueiras e da análise antracológica do carvão coletado em cada sítio. Encontramos elementos estruturais que operavam sobre a queima, sugerindo um conhecimento apurado sobre o processo de combustão correlato a seus usos. A análise antracológica permitiu a classificação dos tipos de lenha queimada, bem como a inferência de alguns elementos da vegetação das áreas de captação de recursos para queima.
Activation and Inhibition of Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger Is a Mechanism That Links the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus With That of Heart Failure
Authors: Packer Milton
Published: October 2017

The mechanisms underlying the progression of diabetes mellitus and heart failure are closely intertwined, such that worsening of one condition is frequently accompanied by worsening of the other; the degree of clinical acceleration is marked when the 2 coexist. Activation of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger in the heart and vasculature (NHE1 isoform) and the kidneys (NHE3 isoform) may serve as a common mechanism that links both disorders and may underlie their interplay. Insulin insensitivity and adipokine abnormalities (the hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus) are characteristic features of heart failure; conversely, neurohormonal systems activated in heart failure (norepinephrine, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and neprilysin) impair insulin sensitivity and contribute to microvascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Each of these neurohormonal derangements may act through increased activity of both NHE1 and NHE3. Drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus may favorably affect the pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure by inhibiting either or both NHE isoforms, and drugs used to treat heart failure may have beneficial effects on glucose tolerance and the complications of diabetes mellitus by interfering with the actions of NHE1 and NHE3. The efficacy of NHE inhibitors on the risk of cardiovascular events may be enhanced when heart failure and glucose intolerance coexist and may be attenuated when drugs with NHE inhibitory actions are given concomitantly. Therefore, the sodium-hydrogen exchanger may play a central role in the interplay of diabetes mellitus and heart failure, contribute to the physiological and clinical progression of both diseases, and explain certain drug–drug and drug–disease interactions that have been reported in large-scale randomized clinical trials.
New species of Colombian Triplocania Roesler (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Ptiloneuridae)
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-OBANDO RANULFO , CARREJO-GIRONZA NANCY , ALDRETE ALFONSO N. GARCÍA
Published: October 2017

Based on a survey of the genus Triplocania (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’) in forests of natural areas and Natural Parks in Colombia, 46 species were found, 42 of which are new to science and are here described and illustrated. Added to T. colombiana García Aldrete, the number of species of Triplocania now known in Colombia is raised to 47. To date, 40 species described in this paper are recorded only in Colombia, and seven species are shared with neighboring countries, three with Brazil, one with Venezuela, two with Ecuador, and one with Ecuador and Brazil. Females of three previously known species are also described. An identification key to the species of Triplocania present in Colombia is included.
Statistical Modeling of Extreme Precipitation with TRMM Data
Authors: Demirdjian Levon , Zhou Yaping , Huffman George J.
Published: October 2017

This paper improves upon an existing extreme precipitation monitoring system that is based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) daily product (3B42) using new statistical models. The proposed system utilizes a regional modeling approach in which data from similar locations are pooled to increase the quality of the resulting model parameter estimates to compensate for the short data record. The regional analysis is divided into two stages. First, the region defined by the TRMM measurements is partitioned into approximately 28 000 nonoverlapping clusters using a recursivek-means clustering scheme. Next, a statistical model is used characterize the extreme precipitation events occurring in each cluster. Instead of applying the block maxima approach used in the existing system, in which the generalized extreme value probability distribution is fit to the annual precipitation maxima at each site separately, the present work adopts the peak-over-threshold method of classifying points as extreme if they exceed a prespecified threshold. Theoretical considerations motivate using the point process framework for modeling extremes. The fitted parameters are used to estimate trends and to construct simple and intuitive average recurrence interval (ARI) maps that reveal how rare a particular precipitation event is. This information could be used by policy makers for disaster monitoring and prevention. The new method eliminates much of the noise that was produced by the existing models because of a short data record, producing more reasonable ARI maps when compared with NOAA’s long-term Climate Prediction Center ground-based observations. Furthermore, the proposed method can be applied to other extreme climate records.
The Human Odontoblast Cell Layer and Dental Pulp Proteomes and N-Terminomes
Authors: Abbey S.R. , Eckhard U. , Solis N. , Marino G. , Matthew I. , Overall C.M.
Published: October 2017

The proteome and N-terminome of the human odontoblast cell layer were identified for the first time by shotgun proteomic and terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS) N-terminomic analyses, respectively, and compared with that of human dental pulp stroma from 26 third molar teeth. After reverse-phase liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, >170,000 spectra from the shotgun and TAILS analyses were matched by 4 search engines to 4,888 and 12,063 peptides in the odontoblast cell layer and pulp stroma, respectively. Within these peptide groups, 1,543 and 5,841 protein N-termini, as well as 895 and 2,423 unique proteins, were identified with a false discovery rate of ≤1%. Thus, the human dental pulp proteome was expanded by 974 proteins not previously identified among the 4,123 proteins in our 2015 dental pulp study. Further, 222 proteins of the odontoblast cell layer were not found in the pulp stroma, suggesting many of these proteins are synthesized only by odontoblasts. When comparing the proteomes of older and younger donors, differences were more apparent in the odontoblast cell layer than in the dental pulp stroma. In the odontoblast cell layer proteome, we found proteomic evidence for dentin sialophosphoprotein, which is cleaved into dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein. By exploring the proteome of the odontoblast cell layer and expanding the known dental pulp proteome, we found distinct proteome differences compared with each other and with dentin. Moreover, between 61% and 66% of proteins also occurred as proteoforms commencing with a neo–N-terminus not annotated in UniProt. Hence, TAILS increased proteome coverage and revealed considerable proteolytic processing, by identifying stable proteoforms in these dynamic dental tissues. All mass spectrometry raw data have been deposited to ProteomeXchange with the identifier , with the accompanying metadata at Mendeley Data ( https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/b57zfh6wmy/1 ).
Couple-level Minority Stress: An Examination of Same-sex Couples’ Unique Experiences
Authors: Frost David M. , LeBlanc Allen J. , de Vries Brian , Alston-Stepnitz Eli , Stephenson Rob , Woodyatt Cory
Published: October 2017

Social stress resulting from stigma, prejudice, and discrimination—“minority stress”—negatively impacts sexual minority individuals’ health and relational well-being. The present study examined how being in a same-sex couple can result in exposure to unique minority stressors not accounted for at the individual level. Relationship timeline interviews were conducted with 120 same-sex couples equally distributed across two study sites (Atlanta and San Francisco), gender (male and female), and relationship duration (at least six months but less than three years, at least three years but less than seven years, and seven or more years). Directed content analyses identified 17 unique couple-level minority stressors experienced within nine distinct social contexts. Analyses also revealed experiences of dyadic minority stress processes (stress discrepancies and stress contagion). These findings can be useful in future efforts to better understand and address the cumulative impact of minority stress on relational well-being and individual health.
Multiple Behavior Descriptions Affect the Acquisitions of STI and STT
Authors: McCarthy Randy J. , Wells Brett M. , Skowronski John J. , Carlston Donal E.
Published: October 2017

Four studies pursued the idea that spontaneous trait inferences (STIs) involve the formation of both inferential knowledge and associative knowledge while spontaneous trait transferences (STTs) involve only the formation of associative knowledge. These studies varied the type and amount of behavioral information from which perceivers could extract trait information. Experiments 1a and 1b used a modified savings-in-relearning paradigm and demonstrated that repeated presentations of an individual and a behavior description increased the strength of association between the target and implied trait, and this effect did not depend on whether the repeated presentations involved redundant information or new information. In comparison, Experiments 2a and 2b used a trait ratings dependent variable and demonstrated that the effects of repetition were stronger for STI, but not STT, when the added information differed from information that was previously encountered, but not when it was redundant with the previously encountered information.
Intelligent real-time pressure tracking system using a novel hybrid control scheme
Authors: Lin Zhonglin , Zhang Tianhong , Xie Qi
Published: October 2017

In this paper, a novel hybrid control scheme is proposed to improve the control performance in a real-time pressure tracking system using fast on-off solenoid valves. In this novel hybrid control scheme, an original approach named Time Interlaced Modulation (TIM) is developed to replace the traditional Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) approach. Besides using TIM, a new switching method which is referred as seven possible control modes is designed to ensure the proper switching states of the valves. Moreover, a controller with field programmable gate array (FPGA) is chosen to guarantee the real-time implementation of the control algorithm. All the simulations and experimental results implemented on FPGA verify the feasibility of the hybrid control scheme.
The Social Life of “Scaffolds”
Authors: Parry Bronwyn
Published: October 2017

Technologies for enhancement of the human body historically have taken the form of an apparatus: a technological device inserted in, or appended to, the human body. The margins of these devices were clearly discernible and materially circumscribed, allowing the distinction between the corporeality of the human body and the “machine” to remain both ontologically and materially secure. This dualism has performed some important work for human rights theorists, regulators, and policy makers, enabling each to imagine they can establish where the human ends and the other begins. New regenerative products such as Infuse™ and Amplify™ subsist, as animal-derived scaffolds seeded with growth hormone implanted within a prosthetic device. They are much more materially complex, and their identities thus remain open to contestation. Following Lochlann Jain’s 2006 work, I thus attend closely to their social lives, particularly the stories that are told about them and how these are employed to construct understandings of what kind of a phenomenon they are: systemic drug, biologic, or combinatorial medical device. The significance of this classificatory project is revealed in the final section of this paper, which explores how these stories shape understandings of “product failure,” liability, and causation when such products overflow their material and ontological categorization and their recipients become disturbingly “more than human.”
In Search of a Converging Cellular Mechanism in Nanotoxicology and Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Gulumian Mary , Andraos Charlene
Published: October 2017

Multiple applications of nanomaterials have raised concern with regard to their toxicity. With increasing research into nanomaterial safety, mechanisms involved in the toxic effects of nanomaterials have begun to emerge. The importance of nanomaterial-induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization through overloading or direct damage of the lysosomal compartment, resulting in the blockade of autophagosome–lysosome fusion and autophagy dysfunction, as well as inflammasome activation were cited as emerging mechanisms of nanomaterial toxicity. It has recently been proposed that these very mechanisms leading to nanomaterial toxicity may be utilized in nanotherapeutics. This review discusses these nanomaterial-induced mechanisms in detail and how it has been exploited in cancer research. This review also addresses certain considerations that need to be kept in mind when using nanomaterials in therapeutics.
Emptying Rooms: When the Inverted-U Model of Preference Fails—An Investigation Using Music With Collative Extremes
Authors: Chmiel Anthony , Schubert Emery
Published: October 2017

Daniel Berlyne's inverted-U model remains a simple, well-supported explanation of music preference as a function of collative variables. However, after reviewing the literature, we identified a gap in studies examining preference for music exhibiting collative variable levels that were classified as extreme. A small number of studies using examples of extreme music suggested a floor-effect for preference, where preference ratings remained at near the minimum for subsequent exposures. To further investigate this, we tracked preference ratings for two music stimuli over three weekly exposures: One stimulus deemed as an example of extreme music, and a second stimulus deemed as moderately unusual. The moderately unusual stimulus produced results compatible with the inverted-U model, whereas the extreme stimulus did not. In addition, a substantial percentage (32%) of individual preference trajectories for the extreme stimulus outlined a floor-effect. We conclude that the inverted-U might break down for extreme music.
End-to-end, sequence-to-sequence probabilistic visual odometry through deep neural networks
Authors: Wang Sen , Clark Ronald , Wen Hongkai , Trigoni Niki
Published: October 2017

This paper studies visual odometry (VO) from the perspective of deep learning. After tremendous efforts in the robotics and computer vision communities over the past few decades, state-of-the-art VO algorithms have demonstrated incredible performance. However, since the VO problem is typically formulated as a pure geometric problem, one of the key features still missing from current VO systems is the capability to automatically gain knowledge and improve performance through learning. In this paper, we investigate whether deep neural networks can be effective and beneficial to the VO problem. An end-to-end, sequence-to-sequence probabilistic visual odometry (ESP-VO) framework is proposed for the monocular VO based on deep recurrent convolutional neural networks. It is trained and deployed in an end-to-end manner, that is, directly inferring poses and uncertainties from a sequence of raw images (video) without adopting any modules from the conventional VO pipeline. It can not only automatically learn effective feature representation encapsulating geometric information through convolutional neural networks, but also implicitly model sequential dynamics and relation for VO using deep recurrent neural networks. Uncertainty is also derived along with the VO estimation without introducing much extra computation. Extensive experiments on several datasets representing driving, flying and walking scenarios show competitive performance of the proposed ESP-VO to the state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating a promising potential of the deep learning technique for VO and verifying that it can be a viable complement to current VO systems.
Environmental cosmopolitanism in a South Indian village
Authors: Chaudhuri Tapoja
Published: October 2017

Much of anthropological literature on social impacts of globalization focuses on urban centers, with rural sites oft-represented as passive hinterlands. This article shifts analytical focus to a rural site: Kumily in Kerala, India. Kumily’s proximity to a wildlife sanctuary involves many of its residents with the local nature-tourism industry and with environmental stewardship through a set of eco-development activities. I argue it is through such engagements that these residents adopt a cosmopolitan identity and develop a sense of environmental citizenship. This article views Kumily as an important global node where multiple notions of environmentalism and development converge. By specifically focusing on the environmental subjecthoods of indigenous youths who work as professional ecotourism guides, the article privileges the cosmopolitanism of the poor as a focal point of understanding social change in India.
Treatment of acute migraine attacks in children with analgesics on the World Health Organization Essential Medicines List: A systematic review and GRADE evidence synthesis
Authors: Jeric Milka , Surjan Nives , Jelicic Kadic Antonia , Riva Nicoletta , Puljak Livia
Published: October 2017

Background

The World Health Organization Essential Medicines List (WHO EML) contains two analgesics for treatment of acute migraine attacks in children, ibuprofen and paracetamol.

Methods

The Embase, CDSR, CENTRAL, DARE and MEDLINE databases were searched up to 18 April 2017. We analyzed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) that investigate the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen or paracetamol for treatment of acute migraine attacks in children. We conducted meta-analysis and assessments of evidence with GRADE, Cochrane risk of bias tool, and AMSTAR.

Results

Three RCTs (201 children) and 10 SRs on ibuprofen and/or paracetamol for acute migraine attacks in children were included. Meta-analysis indicated that ibuprofen was superior to placebo for pain-free at 2 h or pain relief at 2 h, without difference in adverse events. There were no differences between paracetamol and placebo, or ibuprofen and paracetamol. Ten SRs that analyzed various therapies for migraine in children were published between 2004 and 2016, with discordant conclusions.

Conclusion

Limited data from poor quality RCTs indicate that ibuprofen and paracetamol might be effective analgesics for treating migraine attacks in children. Inclusion of ibuprofen and paracetamol as antimigraine medicines for children in the WHO EML is supported by indirect evidence from studies in adults.
Cerebral and Limb Tissue Oxygenation During Peripheral Venoarterial Extracorporeal Life Support
Authors: Vranken Nousjka P. A. , Lindelauf Anouk A. M. A. , Simons Antoine P. , Ariës Marcel J. H. , Maessen Jos G. , Weerwind Patrick W.
Published: October 2017

Femoral access in extracorporeal life support (ECLS) has been associated with regional variations in arterial oxygen saturation, potentially predisposing the patient to ischemic tissue damage. Current monitoring techniques, however, are limited to intermittent bedside evaluation of capillary refill among other factors. The aim of this study was to assess whether cerebral and limb regional tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2) values reflect changes in various patient-related parameters during venoarterial ECLS (VA-ECLS). This retrospective observational study included adults assisted by femorofemoral VA-ECLS. Bifrontal cerebral and bilateral limb tissue oximetry was performed for the entire duration of support. Hemodynamic data were analyzed parallel to cerebral and limb rSO2. A total of 23 patients were included with a median ECLS duration of 5 [1-20] days. Cardiac arrhythmias were observed in 12 patients, which was associated with a decreased mean rSO2 from 61%±11% to 51%±10% during atrial fibrillation and 67%±9% to 58%±10% during ventricular fibrillation ( P<0.001 for both). A presumably sudden increase in cardiac output due to myocardial recovery (n=8) resulted in a significant decrease in mean cerebral rSO2 from 73%±7% to 54%±6% and from 69%±9% to 53%±8% for the left and right cerebral hemisphere, respectively ( P=0.012 for both hemispheres). Also, right radial artery partial gas pressure for oxygen decreased from 15.6±2.8 to 8.3±1.9 kPa ( P=0.028). No differences were found in cerebral desaturation episodes between patients with and without neurologic complications. In six patients, limb rSO2 increased from on average 29.3±2.7 to 64.0±5.1 following insertion of a distal cannula in the femoral artery ( P=0.027). Likewise, restoration of flow in a clotted distal cannula inserted in the femoral artery was necessary in four cases and resulted in increased limb rSO2 from 31.3±0.8 to 79.5±9.0; P=0.068. Non-invasive tissue oximetry adequately reflects events influencing cerebral and limb perfusion and can aid in monitoring tissue perfusion in patients assisted by ECLS.