bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tax budgeting as a tool of tax optimization
Authors: Okanova A. T. , Kaipova G. S.
Published: December 2020

The article examines the main works of Kazakhstani and foreign authors and reflects the basic principles of tax budgeting. The purpose of the article is to assess the need to apply tax budgeting in a rapidly changing tax environment, as well as a more detailed study of the process of phased budgeting. Attention is paid to improving the quality of generating information on taxes, since changes in tax legislation lead to an additional increase in the tax burden in the company. The author's ideas on the reclassification of the types of the traditional approach according to the time components are put forward, and also, based on the results of other sources, the method of expert assessments is distinguished, which is defined as an auxiliary approach by the authors. The main factors influencing the efficiency of tax planning are described and proposals are made for the use of a “flexible” tax budgeting system, due to the introduction of regular amendments to tax legislation. A model of the formation of a “flexible” budget is presented, which reflects the main components of tax revenues and expenses of the organization. The authors noted the key points that make it possible to optimize the procedure for identifying deviations, as well as to take into account unaccounted factors and errors by creating additional reserves for tax payments of previous periods. The above recommendations are generalized and the final results do not take into account the specifics of the organization. In this regard, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the accounting policy of the taxpayer.
Declaration system in the civil service: experience of Kazakhstan and the UK
Authors: Nauryzbek M. D.
Published: December 2020

The article examines and compares the declaration systems in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom, since the declaration institute is one of the most effective tools for preventing conflicts of interest. In particular, the study examines the aspects of disclosure and verification of data in the declaration system of two countries. The functioning of an effective state apparatus requires strong consistency with the principle of transparency and accountability. In this situation, public officials, disciplining their behavior, are aware of responsibility for their actions. To ensure the disclosure of reliable and complete declared information, it is necessary to use a verification system. Verification is also one of the most important components in the process of forming an effective system for declaring income and assets, liabilities and interests. It is a tool that allows to prevent and identify conflicts of interest, which often lead to the commission of the corruption violations. This article uses the method of comparative analysis, since comparative analysis allows to determine the fundamental values, and accordingly, to offer the most appropriate solutions to the problems. In the first part of the analysis, the author explores the Kazakhstani declaration system, in particular, the concept of declaration is given, the regulatory provisions on disclosure and verification of declared information are analyzed. Next, in contrast, the system of Great Britain is examined, on the same basic aspects. This approach allowed us to identify the pain points in the Kazakhstani system and made it possible to apply the positive experience of the UK. The study provides an information base for both the civil servants and the non-governmental sector and the population. As a result of the research, the author offers a number of recommendations on the VAP principle developed by the author, based on the experience of the UK, to improve the declaration system in Kazakhstan.
Production resources as the basis of innovative approach in modernization of production of the enterprise
Authors: Sorokina L. I. , Kunafina G. T. , Udovitskaya Ye. Yu.
Published: December 2020

Measures for the rational use of all groups of resources of any object of research are most relevant at the present stage of development of the economy of Kazakhstan from the standpoint of macroeconomic indicators. The importance of the above circumstance makes it possible to take into account the change in the performance indicators of the enterprise and the influence of factors on the final results of the economic activity of the enterprise. Elements of competition always allow us to assess the situation and make the necessary important decisions for a business entity. In this case, all resource groups that the enterprise possesses must be taken into account. Particular importance should be given to production resources, since they make it possible to assess the material and technical base of an enterprise, plan long-term tasks and evaluate the predicted values of indicators of economic and financial activity of any object of research. It should also be borne in mind that the assessment and analysis of enterprise performance indicators are important for improving the efficiency of production resources and determining the hidden reserves of the object of research. This article discusses the possibility of introducing an investment project into the activities of a joint-stock company as an element of the innovative improvement of the mechanism for using production resources in order to obtain greater profits and economic benefits. The proposed project is fully consistent with the industrial and innovation policy of Kazakhstan and has government support.
Logistic system of Kazakhstan in the world ranking
Authors: Tleuberdinova A. T.
Published: December 2020

In the present article the author assessed the implementation the measuring indicators of the State programme and its priority objectives in development of the country transport infrastructure in accordance with global rankings. It sought to give explanation of the reasons of not fulfilling planned indicators. Kazakhstan’s position in World Bank reports (Logistics Performance Index) and the World Economic Forum (Transport infrastructure/The Global Competitiveness Index) have been analyzed, logistics market development in 50 countries with emerging economy (Emerging Market Logistics Index).The author gives an explanation of the assessment principles of the given rating, indicating the main criteria that is taken as a basis, the changes adopted in recent years in the assessment methods. The indicators of the leading countries in the world rankings are given, the main achievements and events that have contributed to high results and have interest for the development of the domestic logistics sector. The article assesses the leading position of Kazakhstan among the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union in the Logistics Performance Index for the period 2014-2018, highlights factors that contributed to the growth and development problems of logistics. The author revealed a correlation relationship between the main indicators of the country’s transport infrastructure (passenger and freight traffic, freight and passenger transport tariff indices, the operational length of public railways, the length of public paved roads, investments in fixed assets of transport and warehousing, goods turnover, the share of transport in the country’s GDP) and the logistics market development index (EMLI). The results of the analysis prove the validity of strategic planning for the development of the industry in accordance with the criteria of the world ranking.
Opportunities and conditions of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhangirova R. N.
Published: December 2020

The article shows aspects of sustainable agricultural development. It summarized modern views on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The problems of the agricultural sector of the republic are identified, the solution of which will contribute to the successful development of agricultural production. The necessity of increasing the efficiency of resource use is substantiated. An important place in the article is given to the role of state support for the agricultural sector. A comparative analysis of the yield of field cultivation from 1 ha of arable land and crops in the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. Using the index method, the influence of the structure of crops and crop productivity is calculated. According to statistical data, the current state of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan is revealed. The reasons for low labor productivity in the agricultural sector of the republic are indicated. The role of science in the qualitative renewal of the country's agricultural sector is emphasized. Promising ways to stimulate the growth rate of agricultural production are proposed. The main directions of sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan are determined. It is proved that organic agriculture can act as a point of sustainable agricultural growth.
China, Singapore and Kazakhstan: experience of international technological cooperation
Authors: Khajiyeva G. U. , Nuralim A. Ye.
Published: December 2020

In modern conditions, the role of international industrial cooperation is increasing. Global industrial cooperation goes beyond normal interstate trade, direct cooperative link, and occupational production, foreign investment cooperation, and joint scientific and technical activities. International technological exchange, which serves as the dissemination of scientific and technological progress, also affects the effectiveness of the entire cycle of work, from development to commercial application. The forms of technology swapping are determined by the characteristics of the transferred technology and the characteristics of the subjects of the transfer process. The recipient of a technology or technologically intensive product gets the opportunity to assimilate most of the partner's scientific and technological experience. The article researches certain aspects of the technological development of Asian countries such as Singapore and China, whose experience in the area of successful international technological exchange is interesting to Kazakhstan and other countries that seek to actively integrate into global technological processes. The article assesses the existing systems for supporting innovations and stimulating high-tech industries in Kazakhstan. The article also provides an expert opinion of a foreign expert, Deputy Director of the Singapore organization the Action Community for Entrepreneurship, Brian Patrick Tan, as well as representatives of the venture Fund “Qaz Tech Venture” on the potential of integrating Kazakhstan into the international scientific and technical space.
Field of the secondary raw materials applicationof animal husbandry in the economic turnover
Authors: Denissova O. K. , Rakhimberdinova M. U.
Published: December 2020

The current level of development of the domestic meat industry of the agro-industrial complex requires a fundamentally new approach to the problem of integrated use of all types of livestock products. In this regard, the utilization of by-products obtained during the slaughter of livestock, instead of its full and deep processing - not only the loss of valuable food and feed protein, but also huge monetary losses, leading to an increase in the cost of the main product - meat. The essence of an effective approach to the processing of slaughter products is to create and implement low-and waste-free technologies that allow you to maximize and comprehensively extract all the valuable components of raw materials, turning them into useful products. The researchers concluded that the livestock sector in Kazakhstan should be considered not only as a supplier of meat and dairy products, but also as a promising sub-sector that provides secondary raw materials to such industries as light, textile, construction, engineering and others. The categories of livestock slaughter products, the structure of its average standard output, and the main functions of waste-free production are considered. The features of development of deep processing of livestock products in Kazakhstan are analyzed and the directions of development of the meat industry are developed. The authors came to the conclusion that the economic efficiency of the meat industry depends on the rational use of all resources obtained during the slaughter of livestock and the conversion of by-products into marketable products.
TINJAUAN PEMETAAN RISIKO PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI SATUAN KERJA BERDASARKAN PP NO 60 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN PEMERINTAH (STUDI KASUS DI POLITEKNIK NEGERI BANDUNG)
Authors: Susanti Ita , Sumiyati Sumiyati , Tritjahjono Rachmad Imbang
Published: December 2020

Berdasarkan Pasal 13 ayat (1) PP No. 60 Tahun 2008 tentang SPIP, Pimpinan Instansi Pemerintah wajib melakukan penilaian risiko. Penilaian risiko dilakukan melalui manajemen risiko. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Polban karena Polban sebagai institusi pemerintah yang melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi Negeri belum menyusun peta risiko sebagai bagian dari SPIP. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap. Tahap pertama, studi literatur sebagai studi pendahuluan, yaitu mempelajari peta risiko yang dilakukan oleh instansi lain. Tahap kedua penyebaran kuesioner ke jurusan dan unit yang ada di lingkungan Polban, untuk mengetahui pemahaman tentang manajemen risiko. Langkah berikutnya adalah sosialisasi manajemen risiko pada setiap jurusan dan unit di lingkungan Polban. Sosialisasi ini bertujuan agar pihak yang terlibat dalam pencapaian tujuan organisasi Polban mempunyai persepsi yang sama dalam menentukan tingkat risiko. Sosialisasi diikuti dengan pembuatan peta risiko setiap jurusan dan unit, hingga menghasilkan dokumen peta risiko yang terintegrasi di lingkungan Polban. Tahap ketiga pemantauan pembuatan peta risiko di jurusan dan unit sesuai dengan aturan dan arahan. Hasilnya menunjukkan pimpinan unit sebagai penanggung jawab yang berada di lingkungan Polban memahami arti penting risiko dan risiko yang akan muncul pada setiap aktivitas. Hal ini terlihat dari jawaban kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan sosialisasi SPIP yang diselenggarakan oleh manajemen Polban.
Human Rights and Journalism
Authors: Gharibyan Arman
Published: December 2020

The manual summarizes the international, regional and national mechanisms of human rights protection, referring to the peculiarities of human rights coverage. (in Armenian)
Demographic processes in Armenia in the 16th century - in the first half of the 17th century
Authors: Malkhasyan Mikayel
Published: December 2020

The monograph presents a comprehensive study of the demographic processes in Armenia in the 16th century and in the first half of the 17th century, focusing on the peculiarities, tendencies, key events. The work highlights the effects of the Turkish-Persian wars, the Jalal movements, the Ottoman Empire, the ethno-religious policies of Safavid Persia, natural disasters, epidemics, and famine on demographic processes, as well as the average family size coefficient, the main waves of internal migration (foreign ethnic infiltrations), the general picture of the population distribution. The book can be useful for historians, researchers of historical demographics, students and a wide range of readers. (in Armenian).
Issues of Armenian identity
Authors: Zakaryan Seyran
Published: December 2020

The monograph is devoted to the analysis of separate episodes in the formation of historical paradigms of Armenian identity, epic manifestations of national identity, peculiarities of Armenian thought and behavior in historical events, attitudes towards national values, views of individual thinkers on the Armenian identity and their projects. The book is intended for those who are interested in the Armenian history, culture and identity issues. (in Armenian)
Phraseology of Grabar
Authors: Abajyan Anna , Dilbaryan Narine , Yuzbashyan Anahit , Harutyunyan Kristine
Published: December 2020

The monograph examines the issues of the historical idiom of the Armenian language, defines the temporal understanding of the idiom, as well as reveals the richness of the idiom of the ancient Armenian language in both independent and multi-genre translated literature. Both semantic and stylistic examination of Grabar phrases has been carried out, which provides a solid material for historical stylistics. A comprehensive examination of the Old Armenian phrases in works of different genres of the Old Armenian bibliography provides a basis for evaluating them as important components of word construction, as well as to present the hereditary connection, commonalities and differences between the Old Armenian and modern Armenian phrases. Grabar’s idioms have not been thoroughly examined up now, and about 400 of the more than 3000 phrases examined in the work are not listed in the Old Armenian dictionaries and are presented for the first time. The monograph is intended for a wide range of linguists, literary critics, translators, as well as specialists interested in phraseology. (in Armenian)
Capital Yerevan during the years of the RA independence (1991-2018)
Authors: Minasyan Edik
Published: December 2020

The work presents a complete scientific research on the history of Yerevan in the period of the Third Republic of Armenia (1991-2018). The analysis of the materials of the RA National Archive, various press and other relevant literature shows the process of the establishment of the RA independent statehood, the socio-political, socio-economic-cultural life of Yerevan, the role of capital in the administrative-political system of the republic, its comprehensive assistance to Artsakh, foreign relations, including sister cities, international organizations and structures. The book is addressed to historians, political scientists, those interested in Yerevan’s history, and wide range of readers in general. (in Armenian).
Armenia according to the historical-geographical information of ancient authors (modern studies and chrestomathy of historical sources)
Authors: Movsisyan Artak , Malkhasyan Mikayel , Karapetyan Lianna
Published: December 2020

The collective monograph presents the studies conducted by the group of authors on the basis of historical-geographical information about Armenia by ancient authors, as well as the chrestomathy of most of the original texts. The focus of the research is on the historical-geographical references in the works of Herodotus, Ctesias of Cnidus, Xenophon, Strabo, Pliny the Elder, Claudius Ptolemy, and several other authors, due to whom it became possible sometimes completely, sometimes partially to reorganize the borders of Ancient Armenia, the administrative-territorial division, the famous settlements and the flora and fauna. Owing to them, various issues of the role of Major Armenia, Minor Armenia and Tsopk kingdoms were covered. In the chrestomathy section, the passages from Ancient Armenia that directly or indirectly contain historical-geographical information are taken from most of the sources. The book can be useful for historians, geographers, researchers of historical geography, students and a wide range of readers. (in Armenian)
COMPOSITIONAL STRUCTURE OF MICROMATES
Authors: Abdupattoev M
Published: December 2020

This article highlights one of the issues of the linguistic scienceof text - the construction of the composition-syntactic and semantic signs ofmicrotexts. Along with this, integrity is noted, which is reflected in the functional 19and semantic classification of the components of the composition, mental narrationand ending.
PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH IN LINGUISTICS
Authors: Qurbonova S
Published: December 2020

The article presents scientific views on research in the field ofpsycholinguistics in linguistics.
ABOUT LINGUO-PRAGMATIC CONTEXT
Authors: Ibragimova Extiyotxon
Published: December 2020

This article examines the issues of one of the most widely usedmethods of art and conversational styles of irony, the use of linguistic units in anegative sense, the meaning of irony and linguo-pragmatic context in an art style.
LEXICOGRAPHIC STUDY OF ‘NOUN’ IN LINGUISTIC DICTIONARIES
Authors: Rozmetova Z , Kayumova M
Published: December 2020

The article depicts the problem of quality of interpretation ofgrammatical term noun in linguistic terminological dictionaries in English, Russianand Uzbek languages and analyzes the specific features, similarities and differencesof interpretation of noun in three languages.
LINGUVOGONITIC FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONCEPT "RESPECT"
Authors: Matkarimova Ashurkhon
Published: December 2020

This article describes the positive attitude of respect, which has asocio-linguistic, linguistic-speech, non-linguistic character, and reveals its featuresof access to the field of personal relations with a huge level, complex structure.
LEXICOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF ‘INTERJECTION’ IN LINGUISTIC DICTIONARIES
Authors: Rozmetova Z , Kayumova M
Published: December 2020

The article depicts the problem of quality of interpretation ofgrammatical term ‘interjection’ in linguistic terminological dictionaries in English,Russian and Uzbek languages and analyzes the specific features, similarities anddifferences of interpretation of ‘interjection’ in three languages.
PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSLATION OF TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Toshtemirova Madina
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the close connection between the languageand international tourism. In the current robust globalization languages areconsidered to be the most significant and strongest instruments and indicators oftourism development. The current article attempts to highlight the possible methodsand challenges of translating English tourism terms and expressions (includingneologisms) into Russian and Uzbek languages.
EMOTIONAL-EXPRESSIVES IN WORKS OF MUKUMIY
Authors: Juraeva Ramziya
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the emotional-expressive vocabulary used inthe works of Muhammad Aminkhoja Mirzakhoja oglu Muqimi, a representative ofthe literary environment of Kokand.
ABOUT THE FEATURES OF AN ENGLISH DISCOURSE INTERNET WITHIN GLOBAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: Porubay Igor , Ibragimova Ekhtiyot
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the main features of the English language inthe Internet environment. In particular, the role and lexical properties of the Englishlanguage as a global communication tool in the field of social networks, media, etc.
ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION STEMMATIZATION AND GENERATION OF WORD FORMS OF UZBEK LANGUAGE FOR AUTOMATIC PROCESSING SYSTEMS TEXTS
Authors: Boymurodov Farrukh
Published: December 2020

In the thesis, the problem of the morphological model of theUzbek language is solved to create algorithms for the generation andstemmatization of word forms. In the process of work, a morphological model ofthe Uzbek language was built, a dictionary of affixes and their combinationsdescribing inflectional classes was created, and for the development of a webapplication for stemmatization and generation of word forms in the Uzbeklanguage, it was created in order to be included in automatic text processingsystems.
“HAPPINESS IS THE FLAG LANGUAGE, FROM HAPPINESS I AM ALSO A TONGUE! ”... ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE WORK OF THE POET SAMANDAR VOHIDOV
Authors: Safarova Hilola
Published: December 2020

The gazelle-poem “Miracle” by the Bukhara poet SamandarVokhidov written in 1990, is dedicated to the anniversaru of giving our languare thestatus of a state languare.
USE OF ORIENTALISM IN LITERATURE AS RECEPTION OF IMITATION OF THE EASTERN WORLD
Authors: Topvoldiev Kazbek
Published: December 2020

In the literary process, Russian orientalism asthe artistic system took shape around the 20s of the XIX century and mostvividly manifested itself in lyric poetry and romantic poem. Orientalismbecame an integral part of the ideological and aesthetic thoughts of A.S. Pushkin. Hisa kind of romanticism and orientalism received its own specificity, and in thisThe article discusses the names of this feature.
THE CAUCASUS AS A MUSE IN THE WORK AND LIFE OF ALEXANDER PUSHKIN
Authors: Topvoldiyev Kazbek
Published: December 2020

The life of the great poet and writer Alexander Pushkin wasfilled with travel, his travels developed his creativity. Thanks to his travels, a largenumber of his works were created, and while traveling, he found many newsubjects and images. In this work, an attempt was made to draw attention toPushkin's travels in the Caucasus as a Muse for creating his works usingorientalisms.
COMPONENTS OF ADEQUACY IN THE ART TRANSLATION
Authors: Hidirova Gulnora
Published: December 2020

Adequate translation means perfectly reflected content of theoriginal and full stylistic and semantic correspondence. Great importance is attachedto the study of the phenomena of literary translation in a comparative-stylistic planas an effective scientific method. Recreation of style is an inherent problem inliterary translation. Equivalence is the defining measure of the quality of anytranslation. The study of translation transformations is one of the relevant aspectswhen considering the linguistic features of the texts of works of art. In the process,the created text is transformed into another language system, and the translation isanalyzed as a cultural phenomenon. The depicted national flavor in literarytranslation is very complex in its content. One should strive to present the principles,requirements and means of adequate translation from the point of view of nationalidentity, genre specifics, poetic expression of size, color of the era, as well aspreserving the form and content of a work of art.
ABOUT SOME FEATURES OF UZBEK JOKES
Authors: Dosmatov Hikmatullo
Published: December 2020

This article is about the study and significance of jokes, as wellas their linguistic and stylistic features. In particular, on the part of the stylisticmethod, the meaning of the play on words in artistic speech is formed, withemphasis on impression and humor.
PRESS LANGUAGE IS A QUALITY OF LITERARY AND ORAL LANGUAGE SIZE
Authors: Seitnazarova Guljahan
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the role and influence of the language of themedia, especially the language of the press, on the development and growth of theliterary language, as well as the priorities of journalists in this process.
KARAKALPAK FOLK RIDDLES IN THE FORM OF COMPLEX OFFERS
Authors: Naubetullaeva Elmira
Published: December 2020

The article examines the syntactic features of complex sentencesin the Karakalpak folk riddles. The types of complex and complex sentences,connecting structures and their semantic meanings are given.
PLACE OF ANTHROPONYMS ASDISCURSE RELEVANT
Authors: Mamajonov Muhammad
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the functions of anthroponyms in thelanguage of fiction as well as in the context of live communication. It provides acomparative aspect of linguocultural analysis of the pragmatics of anthroponyms inthe Uzbek language.
IN AGAHI'S POEMS ABOUT SPRING ABOUT REPEATING IMAGES
Authors: Sohibova Zarnigor
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes Muhammad Riza Оgahi’s poems aboutspring. In Ogahi's work, there are repetitive images in the depiction of spring, andwe are talking about their specific semantic aspects.
JAMAL KAMAL EIGHTH
Authors: Quvvatova Dilrabo
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the features of the nature of the octaveand explains that it is a synthesis of the octave in Western literature and musammanin Eastern poetry. These theoretical views are based on the poems of Jamal Kemal.
LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION INTEGRATION
Authors: Tagaynazarova Raxima , Raxmatova Iqbolxon
Published: December 2020

Тhis article discusses the integration of language with education,its application in the teaching process. There is a talk about the conduct of teachingprocesses and research in similar areas, combining language and education
ANALYSIS OF "INTELLIGENT" OR SOCRATED DIALOGUES
Authors: Karimova Feruzaxon
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the linguo-pragmatic aspects of thecommunicative process using the example of “smart dialogues”. Attention is paidto the problem of sociocultural and mental factors in the language. The reflectionof the Uzbek national culture in the system of the linguistic world is based onexamples and theoretical conclusions.
ABSOLUTE AND UNNECESSARY ANTIGIPERBOLES
Authors: Abdurakhimova Feruza
Published: December 2020

This article defines the term "stylistic trope of antihyperbole" asopposed to "hyperbole". Also, the communicative analysis of antihyperbole, itsabsolute and non-absolute forms, is illustrated in English and Uzbek with examplesin the verbal field.
MAHMUD KASHGARI'S "DEVONU LUG'OTIT TURK" NAMES OF HOUSEHOLD ITEMS USED IN THE WORK EXPRESSIVE SYNONYM LEXEMAS
Authors: Roziqova Gulbahor
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the denotative synonyms of the object-eventused in Mahmud Kashgari's work "Devonu lug'otit turk".
THE EMOTIONAL FUNCTION OF SPEECH
Authors: Hojaliev I
Published: December 2020

The article identifies speech types and their types and exploresthe communicative function, based on the structure of speech in relation to theemotional function of speech expression, its communicative function, changes inpronunciation, each emotional state chooses its own communicative and syntacticstructure.
EXPRESSION OF CONTRADICTION IN PROVERBS
Authors: O’rinboyeva E
Published: December 2020

The article focuses on the analysis of articles involvingantonyms. Theoretical information about antonyms is based on examples.
THE DIFFERENTIATION OF NEAR-SYNONYMS
Authors: Abdulkhaeva M
Published: December 2020

This article enlightens various viewpoints of outstandinglinguists of the world in the field of near-synonyms. It must be emphasized that thearticle focuses on the study of the differentiation of near-synonyms.
COMMUNICATIVE CONSCIOUSNESS AND PAREMIA
Authors: Karimov Madina
Published: December 2020

The more unique a concept, the more difficult it is to convey itscontent using another language. These distinguishing pieces, which includeinformation about people’s verbal and communicative consciousness in the study,are important for intercultural communication.
METHODOLOGY OF ORNITHONYMS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH PROVERBS AND THEIR COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Mahmudova N , Basirjonova М
Published: December 2020

In this article, proverbs with ornithonyms in Uzbek andEnglish have been studied, compared, similarities and differences have beenhighlighted, and examples have been given.
ON THE INTERACTION OF IMAGES ANALYSIS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: Ataev Shukur-Ali , Gapparova Nodira
Published: December 2020

In this article it is devoted to the characteristics and classification offigurative means in various languages. Although, it is studied the similarities anddifferences of the symbol from other types of figurative means (metaphor andallegory) in the article.
THE MISSION AND LITERATURE OF LETTERS IN STORIES AESTHETIC FUNCTION
Authors: Xasanova Xikmatoy
Published: December 2020

The genesis, ideological and artistic features and originalityof the letters found in Uzbek stories are reflected.
FOLK MOUTH OF THE STORY "LAYLI VA MAJNUN" CREATIVITY
Authors: Shodiev Odiljon
Published: December 2020

The development of the plot of "Layli and Majnun" in the folklore andthe analysis of scientific works in the study. Progress after the epic, its appearance anddevelopment in the form of scientific work in world and Uzbek literature.
RETROSPECTIVE STRUCTURE IN FICTION
Authors: Rahimov Zokir , Gulomov Doniyorbek
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the theoretical views of Russian and Uzbekliterary critics on the terms "retrospective plot", "functions of the retrospective plot",their types, features, application in fiction.
OEUVRE OF OMON MUHTOR AND HIS CONTRIBUTION TO UZBEK LITERATURE
Authors: Toirova Nargiza
Published: December 2020

The article enlightens Omon Mukhtor’s attempts on investigationof new form in his early novels. The article analyzes oeuvre of Omon Muhtor andhis contribution to Uzbek literature.
THE ARTISTIC SKILL OF THE CREATOR
Authors: Ahmadjonova O
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the common and different aspects of thestories and narratives in the novel “Chinor” by Askad Mukhtar.
ARTISTIC PSYCHOLOGISM IN THE WORK OF S.RICHARDSON “PAMELA OR THE REWARDED VIRTUE”
Authors: Usmanova Sevara
Published: December 2020

This article examined the most important problem in S.Richardson’swork. It analysed the artistic psychologism and its peculiarities. S. Richardsonfocused on the enlightenment of women in the eighteenth century through the imageof the protagonist Pamela.
THE STONE METAPHOR IN USMAN AZIM'S POETRY
Authors: Sultonkulova Feruza
Published: December 2020

This article examines the system of metaphorical images of thepoetry of the People's Poet of Uzbekistan Usmon Azim, the artistic features of the stonemetaphor widely used by the poet and the poet's image-making skills.
THE PLACE OF AUTO INTERPRETATION IN STUDYING NAVOI'S SUFISIAN VIEWS
Authors: Razzokov Alisher
Published: December 2020

This article explores the mystical nature and artistic interpretationsof the image of the perfect man in the works of Alisher Navoi. The problem posedis self-interpretation - studied on the basis of the poet’s own interpretation.
ALISHER NAVOI'S "HISTORY OF MY PROPERTY" REFLECTION OF SOCIO-POLITICAL VIEWS
Authors: Ergashev Kodirjon
Published: December 2020

The article examines the reflection in the “History of the AjamKings” of Alisher Navoi's socio-political views, first of all, his humanism, love forthe people, the idea of a just king.
HEDONISM IN THE COMBINATION OF FEELING AND THOUGHT
Authors: Eshchanova G
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the hedonistic function of fiction basedon A. Navoi's gazelle "Black Eye". The problem of enjoying and enjoying art isdescribed in detail in the poem using the example of the experiences and aspirationsof a lover.
ARTISTIC FEATURES OF SHUKHRAT'S NOVEL "MASHRAB"
Authors: Hamidov Mirolimbek
Published: December 2020

The article emphasizes the role and importance of portrait,landscape images and visual media in creating an expressive style in the novel“Mashrab”by Shukhrat. The author explores aspects of the writer's style in theinterpretation of characters.
DEVELOPING CHILDREN'S SPEECH IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Pulatova G , Mamajonova Sh
Published: December 2020

This article describes important approaches to the developmentand enrichment of the content of children’s activities in the growth anddevelopment of foreign language speech of preschool children . The approachesof Uzbek and foreign scholars.
ASSOCIATIVE MEANING AND VERBAL ASSOCIATIONS LANGUAGE PROPERTIES
Authors: Lutfullaeva D
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes issues such as: reflection of the externalworld in a language and the role of associative thinking in the same, associativeconnection and associative meaning of linguistic units, their role in text creation.Furthermore, It also reveals issues such as the changing the knowledge andimaginations/perceptions of a person about the external world, the re-perception ofthe world, the change of associative meaning, the size of verbal associations andtheir differences in language owners, national and cultural characteristics.
ANTHROPOTCENTRIC APPROACH TO CHILDREN'S SPEECH STUDY
Authors: Yuldasheva Dilafruz
Published: December 2020

This thesis focuses on the anthropocentric study of children'sspeech, the lexical richness of speech, the formation of active speech, thedevelopment of vocal culture.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE CLASSIFICATION OF BORROWINGS IN SPEECH ELDER GENERATION
Authors: Ruzmetov Surozhbek
Published: December 2020

An article based on interview material from the sitehttps://www.youtube.com discusses the use of borrowings in the speech ofrepresentatives of the older generation. It is noted that according to justification /unjustification, borrowings can be differentiated into “extra”, doublet, non-equivalentand hybrid ones.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF TERMINOLOGICAL LEXICOGRAPHY
Authors: Khusenova Mehriniso
Published: December 2020

The issue of regulation of terminological lexicography is one ofthe current issues. First of all, the role of terminological lexicography in thedevelopment and growth of creative thinking is invaluable. The structure of thelexicography of terms of language follows complex internal laws in the process ofits development and enrichment, change. The nature of these laws is determined bythe linguistic nature of each language, its grammatical structure, historical processesin language development, social environment, scope and degree of languagedistribution, as well as the features that result from the interaction and cooperationof this language with other sister and non-sister languages.
PARALINGUISTICS – THE ROLE OF GAZE IN PARALINGUISTICS
Authors: Ibragimova Ehtiyotxon , Ergasheva Nargiza
Published: December 2020

"Paralinguistics" is derived from the Latin words ("para" - beyond,"lingua" - language), meaning "beyond the language", "used with the language".Paralinguistics is a branch of linguistics, meaning "beside the language" and inlinguistics under this term the expression of an idea in a non-verbal way is meant.Accordingly, the words "non-verbal", "extralinguistics" are used as synonyms for thisterm. "Every natural physical action of a person is considered a nonverbal means,which is associated with the process of communication of speech, without beingincluded in the category of kinetic nonverbal means ..." (GV Kolshansky.)1
COMPREHENSIVE FOLLOWING SENTENCES
Authors: Mamajonova Alijon
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to one of the problematic issues of the syntaxof a complex sentence of the Uzbek language - complex structural subordinatesentences. It outlines the stylistic and semantic properties of complex structuralsubordinate sentences.
GENERAL THEORY OF LINGUISTIC VARIATION
Authors: Sultanova Sevara
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the theoretical foundations and concepts ofvariability and variance as a linguistic phenomenon in linguistics. The article alsodiscusses the origins of the development of this direction. Considerable attention ispaid to the distinctive features of variance and variability.
REALITIES RELATED TO FOOD NAMES AND THEIR ON TRANSLATIONS INTO RUSSIAN AND URDU LANGUAGES
Authors: Umarova Mohira
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the most pressing issue of translation studies -the translation of national words. Methods of translating realities from Uzbek intoRussian and Urdu were considered. Examples of Uzbek prose are collected on the basis of P. Kadyrov's "Starry Nights" and G. Gulom's "Shum bola" and translations ofthese works into Russian and Urdu
ROLE OF THE FIRST LANGUAGE IN CHILDREN'S ACCOMPLISHMENT - BILINGUAL PLURAL SYSTEMS OF NAMES NON-GERMAN
Authors: Askarova Shakhnoza
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of theinfluence of a non-native language on the native language when studying the pluralof nouns by bilinguals.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOMATISM "HEAD" IN THE UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES
Authors: Gadoeva Mavlyuda
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the general analysis of phraseologicalunits from the point of view of the use of translation of somatizms of two languages.
THE GRAMMAR LEVEL ATTENDANCE
Authors: Rasulova Azizakhon
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the following issues: studyingconcessive relations as a field, concession with conditional and oppositional meaning,units that are in the core of a field and periphery.
MEDICAL TERMIN AND METAFORA
Authors: Rozimatova Dilnoza
Published: December 2020

This article describes the medical terms created by metaphorand the basis of their formation. Metaphor, its nature, the importance of termformation.
SCIENTIFIC FIELD - SCIENTIFIC PROCESS (ACADEMICIAN AKMAL SAIDOV'S “COMPARATIVE INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK "INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE"
Authors: Kosimov Abdulaziz
Published: December 2020

Comparative literature brings together the literature of nations onall continents of the planet through the study, analysis, research of the masterpiecesof world literature. The article provides a brief analysis of the book "Introduction toComparative Literature" by Academician Akmal Saidov. The article analyzes notonly important aspects of comparative studies, but also the relevance of this directionto other areas and processes of literature, aesthetics, psychology.
THE FORMATION OF THE VOCABULARY OF MODERN LITERARY LANGUAGES UZBEK ̵TAJIKI AND PARADIGMATIC RELATIONS AND THEIR SYNTAGMATIC
Authors: Xidirov R
Published: December 2020

There are paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations between thelexical units of Uzbek and Tajik literary languages. The function of paradigmaticand syntagmatic relations in the lexis of Uzbek and Tajik literary languages of theend of ХХ – and beginning of ХХI centuries is analyzed in the article. Based onthe lexical data that appeared in the period under review, lexical variant doubletswere formed, the members of which are functional and semantic equivalents inrelation to each other. Thanks to a newly appeared member of functional andsemantic paradigms in Uzbek and Tajik literary languages and their lexicalcomposition is developing.
LATERİTİK CEVHERLERDEN SÜLFÜRİK ASİTLE NİKELİN ATMOSFER LİÇİ İLE ÇÖZÜNDÜRÜLMESİNİN OPTİMİZASYONU
Authors: ABALI Yüksel , YEMİŞ Fadim , DEMİREL Nuray , ARSLAN Osman , YILMAZ Orhan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, atmosferik basınçta sülfürik asit çözeltisinde Meta Nikel Şirketi’ den (Gördes - Manisa) elde edilen lateritik cevherinin çözünmesi için optimum koşulları belirlemek amacıyla Taguchi Fraksiyonel Tasarım Yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sıcaklık, liç süresi, katı-sıvı oranı, sülfürik asit konsantrasyonu ve karıştırma hızı parametreler olarak seçilmiştir. Karıştırma yapılmaksızın en uygun çözünme koşulları, 95 °C' lik bir sıcaklık, 150 dakikalık liç süresi, 20 g cevher/100 mL çözelti olan katı/sıvı oranı, % 65 (w/v) sülfürik asit konsantrasyonu olarak bulundu. Optimum özütleme koşulları altında yapılan deneysel sonuçlar, lateritik cevherden nikel ekstraksiyonunun yaklaşık % 90 olduğunu göstermiştir. Deney sonuçlarına varyans analizi (ANOVA) uygulanmıştır. Her faktörün nikelin çözünmesine katkıları yüzde olarak belirlenmiştir.
Türkiye'de Merkez Sağ Parti İktidarlarının Toplumsal Hareketlere Yaklaşımı
Authors: KATILMIŞ Canan
Published: December 2020

Bir siyasi katılım aracı olan toplumsal hareketler siyasi alana katkı sağlayarak demokrasinin işlerliğini arttırmaktadır. Sadece seçim yoluyla istek ve taleplerini belirli bir döneme sığdıran vatandaşların, siyasi karar alma sürecine katkıları toplumsal tepkiler ve eğilimler ile başka bir alanda, anında ve doğrudan ifade edilme imkânı bulmaktadır. Ancak çoğu zaman daha fazla demokrasi talebiyle oluşan toplumsal hareketler, demokrasiye katkı sağlamamıştır. Türkiye’de de toplumsal hareketler demokrasiye katkı sağlamadığı gibi demokrasiyi kesintiye uğratacak askeri müdahalelerin nedeni ya da sonucu olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu nedenle toplumsal hareketeler, iktidarı anti-demokratik yöntemler ile kaybedeceği endişesi taşıyan merkez sağ parti iktidarları tarafından sisteme karşı bir başkaldırı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu siyasi gelenek nedeniyle, toplumsal hareketler Türkiye’de demokrasiyi besleyen bir unsur olarak varlığını gösterememiştir.
Gelir Dağılımı Eşitsizlikleriyle Mücadelede Vergilerin Rolü
Authors: KIZILTOPRAK Özgür
Published: December 2020

Vergiler, gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğiyle mücadelede önemli bir politikaca aracıdır. Vergilerin gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği ile mücadeledeki etkinliğini çeşitli yöntemlerle ölçmek mümkündür. Bu yöntemlerden biri Gini Katsayısıdır. Bir ülkeye ilişkin Gini katsayısı ancak başka ülkelere ilişkin katsayılarla karşılaştırılabildiğinde anlamlı olabilir. Bu nedenle çalışmada Türkiye ve çeşitli ülkelere ait vergi öncesi ve vergi sonrası Gini katsayıları kullanılarak vergilerin gelir dağılımındaki etkinliği karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca çeşitli ülkelere ait Gini katsayılarındaki değişimi vergi sistemleri ile ilişkilendirilerek değerlendiren ilk çalışma niteliğindeki bu çalışmadaki bulgulara göre,bazı ülkelerin vergi politikası ile gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği ile mücadelede göreceli olarak başarı sağladığı, bazı ülkelerin ise göreceli olarak başarısız olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Mevlevî Şeyhi Mithat Bahârî Beytur'un Dil Devrimi Hakkında Gizli Kalmış Hicviyesi
Authors: DİKKAYA Harun
Published: December 2020

Tanzimat döneminden itibaren Türk aydınları arasında cereyan eden dil tartışmaları, Cumhuriyet'in ilan edilmesinden sonraki dönemde de devam etmiştir. Cumhuriyet sonrası dönemde bir yandan bu tartışmalar devam ederken, bir yandan da dil ve alfabe ile ilgili çalışmalar başlamıştı. Bu noktada, Harf İnkılabı ve ardından Dil Devrimi'nin başlamasıyla Türk dilinde köklü reformlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Türk dilinde gerçekleştirilen bu değişim Türk aydınları tarafından olumlu karşılanırken, bu durumdan rahatsızlık duyan aydınlar da olmuştur. Mithat Bahârî Beytur'da bu aydınlardan birisidir. Bahârî, bu konudaki görüşlerini yakın dostuna gönderdiği mektuplarında dile getirir. Ayrıca, Dil Devrimi'nde izlenen metodu eleştiren bir şiir de kaleme alır. Ancak bu şiiri yayımlamaz. Bu makalemizde, Mithat Bahârî Beytur'un Dil Devrimi ve bu devrim sonrası izlenen yöntem hakkında düşüncelerini ele almaktayız
İslam ve Demokrasi Tartışmaları Bağlamında Selefi Öğreti ve ‘Beşeri İdeolojiler’ Retoriğinin Tarihsel Kökleri
Authors: CESUR Ertuğrul
Published: December 2020

Daha çok dışlayıcı bir söylem olarak bilinen Selefilik aslında İslam ilahiyatının da temel problematiğini teşkil eder. Ancak ortaya çıkışı İslam tarihinde erken dönem iç sorunları takip ettiğinden ve tartışmaya açıldığında tüm bu sorunları göğüslemeyi gerektireceğinden ilahiyat çevrelerinin bile çoğunlukla uzak durduğu bir konu olarak kalır. Tarihte “Selefi agresivite” 10. yy’da Eş’arilik tarafından bir “yumuşak geçişle” hafifletilebilmiş ve Eş’ari öğretiyi benimseyen devlet aygıtınca baskılanmış ise de bu süreç analitik - sistematik tutarlılıktan çok politik hesaplaşmalar içinde gerçekleştiğinden sorun zaman zaman nüksederek yüzyıllar boyunca canlılığını korumayı başarmıştır. Modern dönemde bu agresivitenin işlevselliğini fark eden sömürgeci güçler tarafından ihya edilen ve Vahhabilik olarak yeni bir aşmaya evirilen Selefiliğin, I. Dünya Savaşı sonrası Batı merkezli uluslararası sistem tarafından devletleşmesine destek verilmiş, diğer İslam ülkelerinde de nüfuz kazanması teşvik edilmiştir. Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından Türkiye’de Selefilik uzun bir süre gündemden düşse de NATO’ya girişle birlikte bu yıllarda başlayan tercümelerle yeni bir döneme geçilir. 1970’lerin sonuna kadar yıldan yıla artan çeviriler yoluyla artık Türkiye için de Selefilik adına “pasif” ancak yeni dini düşüncenin şekillenmesinde belirleyici olan bir etkiden söz edilebilir. 1980’li yıllara gelindiğinde ise Selefi doktrin adına “beşeri ideolojiler” şeklinde bir söylemle “demokrasi” gibi her türlü insani düşüncenin yanı sıra Cuma namazını kılmayı reddeden ve DİB gibi resmi kurumlar tarafından genel Sünni inanışın temsilini dahi din dışı addeden bir anlayışı ile karşılaşılır.
Minor dysmorphic features in a patient with papillorenal syndrome – A Case Report
Authors: Ferit Kulali  , Ahmet Yagmur Bas  , Fatma Iyigun Guzel  , Husniye Yucel  , Caner Kara  , Cigdem Uner  , Nihal Demirel
Published: December 2020

Published in March 2021