bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proekologiczne działania Wód Polskich w miastach
Authors: Kapler Adam
Published: June 2023

Państwowe Gospodarstwo Wodne Wody Polskie (PGW WP) to podmiot odpowiedzialny za krajową gospodarkę wodną w skali zlewni, dorzeczy oraz całego państwa, wykonujący prawa właściciela w stosunku do wód Skarbu Państwa. Zadaniem PGW Wody Polskie jest ochrona mieszkańców kraju przed powodzią i suszą, zrównoważone gospodarowanie wodami w celu ochrony zasobów wodnych, a także zapewnienie dobrej jakości wody dla obecnych i przyszłych pokoleń. Dynamiczny postęp cywilizacyjny mocno wpłynął na życie ludzi i środowisko naturalne. Przez stulecia, stosunek człowieka do przyrody ewoluował w kierunku zrównoważonego rozwoju. Wszystkie inwestycje realizowane przez nasze Gospodarstwo wykonuje się zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami i dobrowolnymi, dobrymi praktykami, tak polskimi, jak wspólnotowymi. Naszym priorytetem są działania prośrodowiskowe, które już na etapie projektowania inwestycji uwzględniają idee zrównoważonego rozwoju, w tym zachowania lub przywracania ciągłości rzek, jak również ochronę siedlisk oraz gatunków. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja najciekawszych projektów PGW Wody Polskie zrealizowanych w latach 2017–2022, tj. od momentu powstania Gospodarstwa. Słowa kluczowe: Wody Polskie, miasta, błękitno-zielona infrastruktura, retencja, przepławki, łąki kwietne
COVID-19 – czas na wnioski. Czy szczepienia są eksperymentem medycznym?
Authors: Wieczorek Anna
Published: June 2023

Celem artykuł jest: przybliżenie czytelnikom wybranych aspektów prawnych dotyczących eksperymentów medycznych i badań klinicznych; uświadomienie decydentom, że szczepienia przeciw COVID-19 stwarzają wrażenie eksperymentu medycznego. Słowa kluczowe: eksperyment medyczny, eksperyment leczniczy, eksperyment badawczy, badanie kliniczne
Profiles and Findings of Population-Based Esophageal Cancer Screening With Endoscopy in China: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li He , Teng Yi , Yan Xinxin , Cao Maomao , Yang Fan , He Siyi , Zhang Shaoli , Li Qianru , Xia Changfa , Li Kai , Chen Wanqing
Published: June 2023

Background

Population-based esophageal cancer (EC) screening trials and programs have been conducted in China for decades; however, screening strategies have been adopted in different regions and screening profiles are unclear.

Objective

We performed a meta-analysis to profile EC screening in China by positivity rate, compliance rate, and endoscopy findings, aiming to provide explicit evidence and recommendations for EC screening programs.

Methods

English (PubMed, Embase) and Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang) language databases were systematically searched for population-based EC screening studies in the Chinese population until December 31, 2022. A meta-analysis was performed by standard methodology using a random-effects model. Pooled prevalence rates were calculated for three groups: high-risk areas with a universal endoscopy strategy, rural China with a risk-stratified endoscopic screening (RSES) strategy, and urban China with an RSES strategy. Positive cases included lesions of severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma, submucosal carcinoma, and invasive carcinoma.

Results

The pooled positivity rate of the high-risk population was higher in rural China (44.12%) than in urban China (23.11%). The compliance rate of endoscopic examinations was the highest in rural China (52.40%), followed by high-risk areas (50.11%), and was the lowest in urban China (23.67%). The pooled detection rate of positive cases decreased from 1.03% (95% CI 0.82%-1.30%) in high-risk areas to 0.48% (95% CI 0.25%-0.93%) in rural China and 0.12% (95% CI 0.07%-0.21%) in urban China. The pooled detection rate of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) was also in the same order, being the highest in high-risk areas (3.99%, 95% CI 2.78%-5.69%), followed by rural China (2.55%, 95% CI 1.03%-6.19%) and urban China (0.34%, 95% CI 0.14%-0.81%). Higher detection rates of positive cases and LGIN were observed among males than among females and at older ages. The pooled early detection rate was 81.90% (95% CI 75.58%-86.88%), which was similar to the rates in high-risk areas (82.09%), in rural China (80.76%), and in urban China (80.08%).

Conclusions

Under the current screening framework, a higher screening benefit was observed in high-risk areas than in other regions. To promote EC screening and reduce the current inequality of screening in China, more focus should be given to optimizing strategies of high-risk individual assessment and surveillance management to improve compliance with endoscopic examination.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022375720; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=375720
Using Transformer-Based Topic Modeling to Examine Discussions of Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Smith Brandi Patrice , Hoots Brooke , DePadilla Lara , Roehler Douglas R , Holland Kristin M , Bowen Daniel A , Sumner Steven A
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid found in small amounts naturally in the cannabis plant; it can also be synthetically produced in larger quantities from hemp-derived cannabidiol. Most states permit the sale of hemp and hemp-derived cannabidiol products; thus, hemp-derived delta-8 THC products have become widely available in many state hemp marketplaces, even where delta-9 THC, the most prominently occurring THC isomer in cannabis, is not currently legal. Health concerns related to the processing of delta-8 THC products and their psychoactive effects remain understudied.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to implement a novel topic modeling approach based on transformers, a state-of-the-art natural language processing architecture, to identify and describe emerging trends and topics of discussion about delta-8 THC from social media discourse, including potential symptoms and adverse health outcomes experienced by people using delta-8 THC products.

METHODS

Posts from January 2008 to December 2021 discussing delta-8 THC were isolated from cannabis-related drug forums on Reddit (Reddit Inc), a social media platform that hosts the largest web-based drug forums worldwide. Unsupervised topic modeling with state-of-the-art transformer-based models was used to cluster posts into topics and assign labels describing the kinds of issues being discussed with respect to delta-8 THC. Results were then validated by human subject matter experts.

RESULTS

There were 41,191 delta-8 THC posts identified and 81 topics isolated, the most prevalent being (1) discussion of specific brands or products, (2) comparison of delta-8 THC to other hemp-derived cannabinoids, and (3) safety warnings. About 5% (n=1220) of posts from the resulting topics included content discussing health-related symptoms such as anxiety, sleep disturbance, and breathing problems. Until 2020, Reddit posts contained fewer than 10 mentions of delta-8-THC for every 100,000 cannabis posts annually. However, in 2020, these rates increased by 13 times the 2019 rate (to 99.2 mentions per 100,000 cannabis posts) and continued to increase into 2021 (349.5 mentions per 100,000 cannabis posts).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides insights into emerging public health concerns around delta-8 THC, a novel substance about which little is known. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of transformer-based unsupervised learning approaches to derive intelligible topics from highly unstructured discussions of delta-8 THC, which may help improve the timeliness of identification of emerging health concerns related to new substances.
Cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: prospects for the use of metformin
Authors: Pashkovska N.V.
Published: June 2023

Literature data on epidemiology, mechanisms of development, features of the course of cognitive disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as prospects for their treatment and prevention were analyzed. Diabetes mellitus is recognized as an independent factor for cognitive impairment and is associated with an increased risk of dementia, the main causes of which are Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Results of recent research have shown that T2DM due to insulin resistance and a number of other mechanisms accelerates the aging of the brain and the decline of cognitive functions from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, the risk of which is almost doubled. Epidemiological, neuroimaging, and autopsy studies confirm the presence of both cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative mechanisms of brain damage in T2DM. Poor glycemic control is associated with cognitive decline while longer course of diabetes— with deterioration of cognitive functions. According to current guidelines, annual screening is indicated for adults aged 65 and older for early detection of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. The strategy for the treatment and prevention of cognitive impairment in diabetes should be individualized in such a way as to minimize the occurrence of both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, and should also be effective in preventing the development of vascular complications. Elderly patients with cognitive impairment should have less stringent glycemic goals (such as glycated hemoglobin < 8.0%). The results of experimental and clinical studies proved that metformin has a whole range of neurospecific properties, which generally prevent the progression of diabetic cerebral disorders and provide a nootropic effect. It has been found that the drug can improve cognitive functions and mood in patients with T2DM, and also prevents the development of dementia, including Alzheimer’s type. The use of metformin allows you to preserve cognitive functions due to a powerful hypoglycemic effect, a low risk of hypoglycemia, as well as a positive effect on other pathogenetic links in the development of diabetic cerebral changes— insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation, micro- and macrovascular disorders, which makes it a priority in the treatment of patients with diabetes of any age.
Analisis Keragaman 8 Varietas Cabai Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif
Authors: Amalia Amalia Prihaningsih , Terryana Rerenstradika Tizar , Aswani Nazly , Nugroho Kristianto , Lestari Puji
Published: May 2023

Informasi keragaman genetik varietas cabai dapat menentukan keberhasilan dalam program pemuliaan cabai. Tujuh karakter morfologi kualitatif dan 11 karakter morfologi kuantitatif digunakan pada penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keragaman 8 varietas unggul cabai di Indonesia. Analisis keragaman dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis multivariat yaitu analisis korelasi pearson, analisis komponen utama dan analisis clustergram. Hasil penelitian mampu menunjukkan keragaman antar varietas cabai yang diuji berdasarkan karakter morfologinya. Berdasarkan analisis komponen utama, 18 karakter morfologi dapat tereduksi menjadi 7 komponen utama, namun hanya 5 komponen utama dengan eigenvalue >1, dengan nilai keragaman kumulatif 94,63%. Varietas cabai tersebar ke dalam empat kuadran berdasarkan komponen utama pertama dan kedua. Hasil analisis clustergram menunjukkan bahwa 8 varietas cabai dapat dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok utama yang memiliki kemiripan karakter morfologi. Hasil ini mengkonfirmasi bahwa keragaman berdasarkan karakter morfologi dapat secara efektif dan efisien dalam identifikasi keragaman pada varietas yang berbeda dalam program pemuliaan.
Integración global: el nuevo entorno de los territorios locales
Authors: Borrego Armonía , Ramírez M. Isabel , Astier Marta , Špirić Jovanka , Rosete Vergés Fernando A. , Velázquez Hernández Lucía , López-Carmona Dante , Bautista Francisco , Orozco Ramírez Quetzalcóatl , Sánchez-Valdez Jorge , Paneque-Gálvez Jaime , Ruiz-Mallén Isabel , Escalera-Matamoros Claudia , K. McCall Michael , Sharhí Delgado Tzitzi , Granados Herrera Janik , Sánchez Juárez César Javier , Roa Loyola José Ángel , Ruiz-López Cinthia , Méndez-Lemus Yadira , Vieyra Antonio , Mas Jean-François , Pérez Vega Azucena , Solórzano Jonathan V. , Vargas-Ramírez Nicolás , Gómez-Castillo Gemma , Paneque-Gálvez Jaime
Published: June 2023

El libro Integración global: el nuevo entorno de los territorios locales destaca los procesos que surgen en el ámbito local como resultado de las conexiones con la escala global. Desde una perspectiva teórica y práctica el libro se articula en torno a dos preguntas: ¿Cómo los procesos de integración global han transformado el espacio, las relaciones, los patrones sociales y ambientales de los territorios locales? y ¿Cómo puede contribuir la Geografía Ambiental a la revisión del sistema global dominante y responder a prioridades de la sociedad y gobiernos? Los trece capítulos del libro, distribuidos en cuatro secciones, reflexionan en las complejas transformaciones del territorio para abonar a la comprensión de cómo los territorios locales participan, se adaptan o resisten a los cambios impuestos por las dinámicas globales.
Computer Vision based Media Control using Hand Gestures
Authors: Narayanpethkar Sangamesh
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Hand gestures are a form of nonverbal communication that can be used in several fields such as communication between deaf-mute people, robot control, human–computer interaction (HCI), home automation and medical applications. At this time and age, working with a computer in some capacity is a common task. In most situations, the keyboard and mouse are the primary input devices. However, there are several problems associated with excessive usage of the same interaction medium, such as health problems brought on by continuous use of input devices, etc. Humans basically communicate using gestures and it is indeed one of the best ways to communicate. Gesture-based real-time gesture recognition systems received great attention in recent years because of their ability to interact with systems efficiently through human-computer interaction. This project implements computer vision and gesture recognition techniques and develops a vision based low-cost input software for controlling the media player through gestures.
Harbinger: A Toolkit for Vulnerability Testing of IoT Devices and Web Clients
Authors: Patil Sonali
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The need for efficient tools to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities has never been more critical due to the complexity and proliferation of online applications and embedded systems. We introduce a Python toolkit in this study that combines a variety of security testing and analysis methodologies, allowing users to locate and fix web application vulnerabilities and examine firmware files. Our toolkit offers aggregated reports summarizing the outcomes of firmware analysis and web application vulnerability testing, in addition to being adaptable and user-friendly so customers may change and add features to meet their unique needs. We provide the findings from testing and analysis carried out on a variety of online apps and firmware files, as well as the design and implementation of our tools. The integration of additional security testing tools, compatibility for other file formats, and the introduction of machine learning-based analysis are just a few of the future directions we could take our toolset. This Python toolkit makes a significant addition to the realm of cybersecurity by offering customers a strong and adaptable solution for web application vulnerability testing and firmware analysis.
A Comparative Study of Face Recognition Models for Smart Attendance
Authors: Mishra Prof. Deepa
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The Smart Attendance Monitoring System using Face Recognition is a project that aims to automate the process of tracking attendance in an organization using facial recognition technology. The system uses a camera to capture images of individuals, which are then compared to a database of pre-registered faces. The system recognizes the individuals and records their attendance automatically. The project involves several stages, including data collection, face detection etc. The system uses machine learning algorithms to analyze the images and identify the individuals accurately. The system can also generate reports and statistics, allowing the organization to monitor attendance trends and identify areas for improvement. Overall, the Smart Attendance Monitoring System using Face Recognition is an innovative solution that streamlines attendance tracking processes and enhances organizational efficiency
Form Based Document Understanding Using Sequential Model
Authors: Rathi Khushi
Published: June 2023

Abstract: DocFormer is a teachable transformer-based multi-modular start-to-finish model for a number Visual Report Figuring out projects. Additionally, Doc Former allows the model's capacity to hyperlink textual content and visible tokens through sharing realized spatial throughout modalities. For the learn about of quite a number algorithms and pc vision, it is a critical location of research. Some humans fabricate archives and have interaction in unlawful things to do due to the fact the cutting edge report detection gadget is ineffective. In the proposed system, pretend files can be discovered in two ways. As the recognition of deep mastering science has grown, file AI, which consists of matters like record design analysis, visible records extraction, record visible query answering, file photo classification, and so on, has made large growth in current years. We are principally focusing on the elements that contributed to crimes in preceding years when it comes to the elements that make a contribution to the prevalence of crimes, such as the identification of the culprit and different factors
Automated Restaurant Management System
Authors: Tekawade Chaitrali Hanumant , Pathade Rajlaxmi Gautam , Jadhav Siddhi Anil , Yadav Rahul Deepak
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The Restaurant Management System will provide the user a new experience in the restaurant. It will allow a manager and an owner to store the data and transactions made by customer. The System will allow user to order the food by scanning QR code placed on the table. It will manage the employee master and stock details and also produce the bill receipt a per the customer convenience(i.e. via Whatsapp, Email, SMS). It will manage the workload of chefs also. That will be very beneficial for the restaurant to give more better service to their customer.
Modify and Convert Conventional Lathe Machine to Special Purpose Lathe Machine Operated using CNC Unit
Authors: B Mr. Gaurav
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Products are manufactured using modern technology nowadays that uses communication between computer software, hardware and firmware, and lathes play an important role in production. While manual machine lathes are more economical, they have to be made by skilled workers, which limits their precision and poor performance, on the other hand, CNC machines provide the accurate and good results needed, but cost a lot of money. This can be done using ARM. The processor is used to control the work of the lathe. Retrofit is a way to use new technologies and features to improve the performance and security of legacy systems. Since the machining process takes a long time, retrofit applications can be made on traditional lathes. Also, in this traditional turning job, the results are not the same as the result of the work piece depends on the skill of the operator. For this reason, a new design has been created to maintain this lathe and increase its lifespan. Rebuilding and remanufacturing often involves CNC rebuilds.
IoT based Smart Irrigation System
Authors: Gupta Naisha
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Automation in the field of agriculture has brought a new wave of development. The proposed model is based on IoT and its various applications. This system consists of three sensors integrated with IoT to provide the user with real time updates and control of the field. The various sensors used are soil moisture sensor, rain sensor and temperature and humidity sensor. All these sensors help in monitoring the values of important aspects of irrigation and agriculture. With the help of the proposed model, the user would not only be able to see the various sensor values in real time but also control the moisture level and the status of irrigation in real time as well. This model will not only help in preventing water-logging or drought, but will also increase the efficiency of the yield and conserve valuable energy.
Artificial Intelligence in Sustainable Development of Municipal Solid Waste Management
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Sarangi Swarupa
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The rapid urbanization and population growth in developing countries have resulted in increased generation of municipal solid waste, leading to environmental degradation and health hazards. Traditional waste management practices have become unsustainable and inefficient in addressing these challenges. This study proposes a smart waste management system that utilizes advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things to find an optimized position for placing the dustbins using neural network; optimize route for garbage collectors using genetic algorithm; segregate waste into categories of materials and their re-use. The system also includes a waste pick-up and incentivization mechanism that invokes theories such as "Tragedy of commons" and "Invisible hands" to drive societal change. The aim is to not only advance technical aspects but also societal and environmental aspects, making future generations more sustainable.
Implementation of a Computer Science Career Guidance Website that Makes Use of Machine Learning
Authors: Lokhande Parth , Nayakwadi Yash , Umardand Manali , Araj Vedant , Patil Prof. Dheeraj
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The difficulty that students face in the beginning of their computer science career such as finding a suitable subdomain to learn and pursue, finding online resources to study stay prominent across the globe. Earlier research and development have provided aptitude test for suggesting students a job role in the industry, but there is a need for a platform that addresses the problem of computer science students to pursue a suitable domain like data science or cyber security etc. for them in the initial phases of their careers. There is a need for a website to help students towards finding learning materials and their inclination towards various subdomains in the industry.
Teacher Creator: Practices of Creating Educational Contexts
Authors:   Department of Pre-School and Primary Education, Academy of Education, Vytautas Magnus University, Lapėnienė Asta , Neverauskienė Ligita ,   Network of kindergartens “Taškius”
Published: June 2023

By exploring certain perspectives, it is hoped that teachers can be helped to create inclusive educational contexts by transforming the learning environment into a third educator. Based on the Reggio Emilia approach, we hope to reveal the ways and means by which the spaces of the educational institution can be interpreted, prepared and in some cases created, in order to encourage children to explore and express themselves. This study presents the concept of context as a modern educational space and draws attention to several essential aspects for the creation of educational contexts: educational provocations and invitations; the use of materials and tools to create them; the learning documentation and learning visibility; and the nature of the adult-child dialogue. A qualitative research model was applied that produces information in the form of descriptive data records by providing clear and systematic descriptions. The data collection techniques used were literature studies and narrative interviews with pre-school teachers. Twelve pre-school teachers participated in the study and criteria-based selection was applied, with thematic analysis being used to analyze the data (Soderberg, 2006). The experiences of pre-school teachers in creating contexts are summarized by distinguishing the following aspects of the thematic analysis of contextual development experiences: the change in the role of the teacher, the nature of the child’s activities and the process and principles of creating contexts. The results indicated that the context helps to engage the child and establish an authentic “dialogue” between the child and the materials and tools used, which is then developed with the adult. Educational contexts help develop the creation of an educational environment and allows teachers to create unique learning situations in any scenario.
Student-Teachers’ Pedagogical Reasoning in Teyl Lesson Plans and Microteaching Presentations
Authors:   Gazi University, Güngör Mustafa Akın , Güngör Müzeyyen Nazlı
Published: June 2023

Pedagogical reasoning enables student-teachers to better understand their own teaching practices, analyse what, why and how they teach, and become aware of their teaching practices. This case study aims to understand student- teachers’ decisions and the pedagogical reasoning behind these decisions in lesson plans in an English language pre-service education programme. Three third-year English language student-teachers enrolled in a pedagogical content knowledge course “Teaching English to Young Learners” (TEYL) participated in this study. We collected qualitative data from lesson plans, reflection notes on these performances and plans, and interviews with student-teachers in the TEYL course. We used Shulman’s model of pedagogical reasoning and action as a conceptual model to explore the complexity of learning to teach English to young learners. Data were analysed iteratively through content and thematic analysis. The results indicated that student-teachers made decisions mainly in the transformation and instruction stages, and that their pedagogical reasoning emerged from the theory of TEYL and their assumptions about the characteristics of very young and young learners. More opportunities should be provided to increase their self-consciousness, self-knowledge and sense of agency through reflective tasks, action research projects and teaching practice. The study has implications for student-teachers who need guidance and motivation to prepare reflective lesson plans and for teacher educators who need to raise student-teachers’ awareness about decision making and pedagogical reasoning.
A Dry Eye University Discussion about Dry Eye Related to Allergies, Exposure, and Contact Lens Wear
Authors: Robben Jerry
Published: June 2023

Dry eye disease is multifactorial and complex with multiple contributing factors. At Dry Eye University we try to focus on some of the most common types and sub-types of dry eye disease and discuss strategies to recognize and address these to promote better overall control of the disease.  Allergies, exposure, and contact lens related dry eye are the focus of this excerpt from our program.
Behavioural and Physiological Effects of Oral Midazolam Premedication in Paediatric Dental General Anaesthesia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Badrul Hisham Abdul Rauf , Mamat Noraida , Faisal Ismail Ahmad , Amir W Ahmad Wan Muhamad , Arni Samsudin Dr. Norsamsu
Published: June 2023

Children undergoing anesthesia, including dental treatment under general anesthesia (DGA), tend to develop severe preoperative anxiety. Oral Midazolam is one of the many premedications used in controlling behavior and reducing anxiety in children before general anesthesia. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of oral midazolam premedication on recovery behavior and physiologic effects of children undergoing DGA. It involved thirty uncooperative children aged from 2 to 11 years old. Group I (n = 15): children received 0.5 mg/kg midazolam orally, while Group II (n = 15): children who did not receive any premedication. Their peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate were measured upon arrival at the post-anesthesia care unit. The recovery behavior was evaluated using the Modified Houpt Behavior Rating Scale. Fisher's Exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used for data analysis. There are no significant differences in both groups' post-behavior and physiologic parameters (p>0.05). However, children in Group II reported tachycardia (13.3%, n= 2), hypoxemia (13.3%, n= 2), and bradypnea (13.3%, n= 2), compared to one case of bradypnea (6.7%) in Group I at 30 minutes. Although there were no significant differences between both groups (p>0.05), Group I showed less movement and no crying reaction but was more awake—no significant association of premedication oral midazolam with successful recovery behavior (p=0.381). One child in Group II had an episode of vomiting. An interesting pattern of improved recovery behavior and physiology was identified among children receiving oral midazolam premedication. More research with a bigger sample size is needed to investigate the effect of oral Midazolam in pediatric DGA and to determine the optimal effect of premedication.
Prenatal Attachment and Related Factors in Adolescent Pregnant Women
Authors: İNCEDAL SONKAYA Zehra , DAĞLAR Gülseren , ÇAKIR Demet , TEKELİ TAŞKÖMÜR Aysun
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the level of prenatal attachment and related factors in adolescent pregnant women.

The study is cross-sectional descriptive type. The sample consisted of 34 adolescent pregnant women who applied to obstetrics outpatient clinics in a Training and Research Hospital. The data were collected between June 2018-June 2019.

The Personal Information Form was collected using the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI), Marriage Life Scale (MLS) and Health Practices in Pregnancy Scale (HPPS).

The mean scores obtained from the scales are PAI 38.38±11.47; MLS is 32.74±8.16 and HPPS is 94.93±10.87. A significant negative correlation was found between PAI and HPPS mean score, and a positive and strong relationship between PAI and MLS score mean.

While the mean score of PAI and MLS in adolescent pregnants is below the average level, HPPS is above the average. Prenatal attachment level was found to be low in those who are secondary school graduates, married for 2 years, whose first pregnancy and gender of the baby were male, and who evaluated the relationship with their husband at a moderate level. Prenatal attachment increases as satisfaction with marriage increases, while prenatal attachment decreases as health practices during pregnancy increase. Midwives should especially evaluate the prenatal attachment level and related factors of adolescent pregnants, and perform applications to increase prenatal attachment.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Deskripsi di Kelas VII SMP Negeri 22 Kota Jambi
Authors: Oktavia Wita , Harjono Hary Soedarto
Published: June 2023

Abstrak

Tujuan dari Penelitian ini untuk mengembangan multimedia pembelajaran menulis teks deskripsi di SMP Negeri 22 Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). Tahapan penelitian dan pengambangan ini meliputi: (1) tahap analisis dilakukan analisis kurikulum dan analisis kebutuhan dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara dan  penyebaran angket; (2) tahap desain dilakukan dengan membuat flowchart dan storyboard; (3) tahap pengembangan dilakukan validasi produk dan revisi produk; (4) tahap implementasi dilakukan ujicoba kelompok kecil dan kelompok besar; dan (5) tahap evaluasi yang meliputi evaluasi formati dan sumatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian multimedia pembelajaran menggunakan Videoscribe materi menulis teks deskripsi di kelas VII H SMP Negeri 22 Kota Jambi efektif untuk digunakan. Hal ini dilihat dari hasil tes menulis teks deskripsi siswa yang terdiri dari pretest dengan rata-rata 60,3, postest dengan rata-rata 75, dan capaian hasil belajar dengan rata-rata 14,7.

Kata kunci: Multimedia pembelajaran, Videoscribe, teks deskripsi.

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop multimedia learning to write descriptive text in SMP Negeri 22 Kota Jambi. This study uses research and development methods with the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). The stages of research and development include: (1) analysis conducted curriculum analysis and analysis needs analysis, interviews and questionnaire distribution; (2) the design process is done by making a flowchart and storyboard; (3) the product development and product revision process is carried out; (4) the trial is carried out by small groups and large groups; and (5) Based on the results of multimedia learning research using Videocribe, writing descriptive text in class VII H of SMP Negeri 22, Jambi City is effective for use. This is seen from the results of writing a text test consisting of pretest students with an average of 60.3, posttests with an average of 75, and learning outcomes with an average of 14.7.

Keywords: Multimedia learning, Videocribe, text description.
A territorialidade e a resistência na floresta Amazônica
Authors: Arruda Fernanda Aparecida Antunes de , Silva José Carlos Marinho da , Dalla Nora Giseli
Published: June 2023

Considerada um dos maiores patrimônios naturais do território brasileiro e da humanidade, a floresta amazônica sofre profundas mudanças perdidas: conflitos territoriais, extrativismo mineral e relação do garimpo. Este artigo objetivo aborda como ocorre a resistência de comunidades tradicionais na floresta amazônica, relacionando os grupos e comunidades que vivem em defesa da preservação das atividades tradicionais preservadas pelos povos, bem como na continuidade da floresta em pé e da garantia dos direitos exercidos sobre o espaço . A metodologia empregada consiste em análise bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados apontam um aumento significativo, ao longo dos últimos anos, de violência e conflitos, cujo interesse econômico impulsionou grupos racistas e ligados ao desmatamento ilegal e aquisição mineral predatória em áreas protegidas.
A fragmentação à margem da rodovia: as práticas espaciais dos moradores de espaços residenciais fechados
Authors: Dourado Joesley , Sobrinho Fernando Luiz Araújo
Published: June 2023

Na modernidade, as inseguranças da vida na metrópole desencadeiam estratégias de autossegregação em espaços residenciais fechados. Assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é investigar as práticas espaciais dos moradores de espaços residenciais fechados da área metropolitana de Brasília. Os objetivos específicos são identificar os fatores que levam ao consumo de unidades habitacionais nestes espaços e analisar as práticas espaciais de trânsito destes moradores. Mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e aplicação de questionários, observou-se que controlar o acesso ao espaço habitacional coletivo é o principal fator para o consumo destas unidades autônomas, a metrópole é vivida como uma região única e a sensação de segurança proporcionada por viver em espaço residencial fechado contrasta com a insegurança viária.
Adaptations of Laguncularia racemosa leaves to seasonality and ecosystem types along the coastline of Guyana
Authors: Dookie Sabrina , Jaikishun Sirpaul , Ansari Abdullah Adil
Published: May 2023

Coastline ecosystems are resilient, and the mangrove species that
inhabit them are well-suited to deal with harsh, stresses such as anoxic
soils and fluctuating salinity. Mangrove leaves are specialised plant
structures that enable them to preserve their photosynthetic capability
and functionality despite frequent changes in their habitats. Along the
coastline of Guyana, we studied the morphological characteristics and
chlorophyll content of 400 leaves taken from Laguncularia
racemosa (white mangrove) trees in one degraded and one restored
ecosystem. The closest individual sampling method was used to collect
leaf samples throughout the wet and dry seasons. Our results demonstrate
that L. racemosa leaves are affected by both habitat type and
seasonality. The leaves of L. racemosa are mesophyllous, and leaf
characteristics such as length, width, area, perimeter, mass, leaf
specific area, and relative water content were significantly correlated
(p < 0.05, R > 0.75), with the restored ecosystem
during the dry season and the degraded ecosystem during the wet season
having greater values. Differences in chlorophyll content were seen in
the two types of ecosystems, but not seasonally, with the degraded
ecosystem showing the most variation. The results of PCA and regression
analysis further verified correlations between leaf morphological
characteristics and ecosystem type.
THE EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS AURICULAR VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION ON CYCLING ERGOMETRY AND RECOVERY IN HEALTHY YOUNG INDIVIDUALS
Authors: HATIK SEFA HAKTAN , ARSLAN MESUT , DEMİRBİLEK ÖMER , ÖZDEN ALİ VEYSEL
Published: June 2023

It is aimed to examine the potential benefits and effects of the use of
transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for sporting purposes
on recovery, fatigue and sportive performance level. This study 90
people between the ages of 18-23 participated. They were randomly
divided into 3 groups as control, unilateral and bilateral vagus nerve
stimulation (VSS). Cycling exercise was performed with maximum
performance for 30 minutes under the same wattage load. Pulse, systolic
and diastolic blood pressure, distance, pain, fatigue, lactic acid level
and autonomic nervous system were evaluated before, after and at the end
of the cycling exercise. In the comparison made within the group, there
was a statistically significant difference between the data in all
groups except for the distance covered parameter (p<0.05).
When we compare the groups, in addition to the distance traveled in all
groups, there is no statistically significant difference in the 1st day
1st measurement or 2nd measurement data of all parameters
(p>0.05). When we compared the data according to the days,
there was a statistically significant difference only between the pain
and fatigue levels (p<0.05). When we compared the groups, it
was found that bilateral VSS had favorable results compared to other
applications. When we evaluated the data on a daily basis, similar
results were obtained. We are of the opinion that it will be of maximum
benefit for the athlete to be applied, especially during and after the
half-time of the competition. Keywords: Vagus Nerve Stimulation,
Transcutaneous, Auricular, Recovery, Cycling Ergometry
The choice of baseline period influences the assessments of the outcomes of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection
Authors: Visioni Daniele , MacMartin Douglas G , Kravitz Ben , Bednarz Ewa M. , Goddard Paul Brent
Published: June 2023

The specifics of the simulated injection choices in the case of
Stratospheric Aerosol Injections (SAI) are part of the crucial context
necessary for meaningfully discussing the impacts that a deployment of
SAI would have on the planet. One of the main choices is the desired
amount of cooling that the injections are aiming to achieve. Previous
SAI simulations have usually either simulated a fixed amount of
injection, resulting in a fixed amount of warming being offset, or have
specified one target temperature, so that the amount of cooling is only
dependent on the underlying trajectory of greenhouse gases.Here, we use three sets of SAI simulations achieving different amounts
of global mean surface cooling while following a middle-of-the-road
greenhouse gas emission trajectory: one SAI scenario maintains
temperatures at 1.5ºC above preindustrial levels (PI), and two other
scenarios which achieve additional cooling to 1.0ºC and 0.5ºC above
PI.We demonstrate that various surface impacts scale proportionally with
respect to the amount of cooling, such as global mean precipitation
changes, changes to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
(AMOC) and to the Walker Cell. We also highlight the importance of the
choice of the baseline period when comparing the SAI responses to one
another and to the greenhouse gas emission pathway.This analysis leads to policy-relevant discussions around the concept of
a reference period altogether, and to what constitutes a relevant, or
significant, change produced by SAI.
Potential non-linearities in the high latitude circulation and ozone response to Stratospheric Aerosol Injection
Authors: Bednarz Ewa M. , Visioni Daniele , Butler Amy Hawes , Kravitz Ben , MacMartin Douglas G , Tilmes Simone
Published: June 2023

The impacts of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) on the atmosphere
and surface climate depend on when and where the sulfate aerosol
precursors are injected, as well as on how much surface cooling is to be
achieved. We use a set of CESM2(WACCM6) SAI simulations achieving three
different levels of global mean surface cooling and demonstrate that
unlike some direct surface climate impacts driven by the reflection of
solar radiation by sulfate aerosols, the SAI-induced changes in the high
latitude circulation and ozone are more complex and could be non-linear.
This manifests in our simulations by disproportionally larger Antarctic
springtime ozone loss, significantly larger intra-ensemble spread of the
Arctic stratospheric jet and ozone responses, and non-linear impacts on
the extratropical modes of surface climate variability under the
strongest-cooling SAI scenario compared to the weakest one. These
potential non-linearities may add to uncertainties in projections of
regional surface impacts under SAI.
Uncertainty reduction and environmental justice in air pollution epidemiology: the importance of minority representation
Authors: Alifa Mariana , Castruccio Stefano , Bolster Diogo , Bravo Mercedes A , Crippa Paola
Published: June 2023

Ambient air pollution is an increasing threat to society, with rising
numbers of adverse outcomes and exposure inequalities across the globe.
Reducing uncertainty in health outcomes models and exposure disparity
studies is therefore essential to develop policies effective in
protecting the most affected places and populations. This study uses the
concept of information entropy to study tradeoffs in mortality
uncertainty reduction from increasing input data of air pollution versus
health outcomes. We study a case scenario for short-term mortality from
fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in North Carolina for 2001-2016,
employing a case-crossover design with inputs from an individual-level
mortality dataset and high-resolution gridded datasets of PM2.5 and
weather covariates. We find a significant association between mortality
and PM2.5, and the information tradeoffs indicate that in this case
increasing information from mortality may reduce model uncertainty at a
faster rate than increasing information from air pollution. We also find
that Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) residents tend to live in relatively more
polluted census tracts, and that the mean PM2.5 for NHB cases in the
mortality model is significantly higher than that of Non-Hispanic White
(NHW) cases. The distinct distribution of PM2.5 for NHB cases results in
a relatively higher information value, and therefore faster uncertainty
reduction, for new NHB cases introduced into the mortality model. This
newfound influence of exposure disparities in the rate of uncertainty
reduction highlights the importance of minority representation in
environmental research as a quantitative advantage to produce more
confident estimates of the true effects of environmental pollution.
Influence of Region-dependent Error Growth on the Predictability of Tropical Cyclone Track and Intensity in High-resolution HWRF Ensembles
Authors: Feng Jie , Judt Falko , Zhang Jing
Published: June 2023

Further extension of skillful prediction of tropical cyclones (TCs)
relies on in-depth studies about the intrinsic predictability of TCs. In
this study, convection-resolving ensemble forecasts based on the
Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model were adopted with
perturbed initial conditions to study the error growth and intrinsic
predictability of TCs. The new aspect of our study is the focus on the
sensitivity of TC track and intensity predictability to initial errors
in different regions, including (1) the inner core and outer rainbands
(0-350 km), (2) the near environment (350-1300 km), and (3) the far
environment (1300-3500 km).

The results of TC track predictability show that the most sensitive
region of initial errors for TC track forecasts is case-dependent. For
the TC case with striking track forecast errors (e.g., Typhoon Chan-hom,
2020), the initial errors in the combined region of the TC inner core
and outer rainbands produce the largest track uncertainties compared to
those in the near and far environment. However, for the TC case with a
highly predictable track (e.g., Typhoon Maysak, 2020), the most
sensitive region of initial errors is the near environment at early lead
times and the far environment later. By contrast, the most sensitive
region for TC intensity is the inner core for both cases. The surface
wind structure of TC inner core at larger scales (wavenumbers 0-2) can
be predicted for more than 3.5 days, while the structure at smaller
scales can only be predicted for a few hours.
A Novel Deep Learning Approach for Data Assimilation of Complex Hydrological Systems
Authors: Zhang Jiangjiang , Cao Chenglong , Nan Tongchao , Ju Lei , Zhou Hongxiang , Zeng Lingzao
Published: June 2023

In hydrological research, data assimilation (DA) is widely used to fuse
the information contained in process-based models and observational data
to reduce simulation uncertainty. However, many popular DA methods are
limited by low computational efficiency or their reliance on the
Gaussian assumption. To address these limitations, we propose a novel DA
method called DA(DL), which leverages the capabilities of deep learning
(DL) to model non-linear relationships and recognize complex patterns.
DA(DL) first generates a large volume of training data from the prior
ensemble, and then trains a DL model to update the system knowledge
(e.g., model parameters in this study) from multiple predictors. For
highly non-linear models, an iterative form of DA(DL) can be
implemented. Additionally, strategies of data augmentation and local
updating are proposed to enhance DA(DL) for problems involving small
ensemble size and the equifinality issue, respectively. In two
hydrological DA cases involving Gaussian and non-Gaussian distributions,
DA(DL) shows promising performance compared to two ensemble smoother
(ES) methods, i.e., ES(K) and ES(DL), which respectively apply the
Kalman- and DL-based updates. Potential improvements to DA(DL) can be
made by designing better DL model architectures, imposing physical
constraints to the training of the DL model, and further updating other
important variables like model states, forcings and error terms.
A Near-Vertical Slab Tear in the Southeastern Solomon Islands
Authors: Cheng Ching-Yu , Kuo-Chen Hao , Sun Wei-Fang , Ku Chin-Shang , Kuo Yu-Ting , Huang Bor-Shouh , Chen Yue-Gau
Published: June 2023

The Solomon Islands is one of the most seismically active areas in the
southern Pacific with high earthquake hazard potential. The regional
seismic network, equipped with six broadband seismic stations, was
constructed as late as October 2018. On January 27 and 29, 2020, two
moderate earthquakes, Mw 6.3 and 6.0, respectively, occurred in the
southeastern Solomon Islands. The entire foreshock-main-shock-aftershock
sequence was recorded by this seismic network for exploring the
seismogenic structures. Based on the spacial distribution of the
foreshock-aftershock sequence, the interaction of the subduction and
transform zones between the Pacific and the Australia plates could lead
to the near-vertical dip-slip tear slab. Confirmed with PREM and the new
1D velocity model for testing the robustness of the earthquake
locations, a seismic gap at depths from 25 to 35 km is observed as the
“jelly sandwich” rheology of the continental crust of the Australia
plate.