bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of tetracycline resistance genes in animals and derived products in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Vásquez-Jaramillo Laura , Cardozo-Herrera Laura Katerine , Correa Valencia Nathalia María Del Pilar
Published: December 2023

We aimed to systematize and assess scientific information on tetracycline (TET) resistance genes in animals, products, and by-products in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Only original articles published in peer-reviewed journals were considered. Sixty articles published between 2003 and 2023 met the inclusion criteria. The geographical areas of study were Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and Costa Rica, and, to a lesser extent, Colombia, Bolivia, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Uruguay. The studies were related to livestock, wild animals, and pets. The most common isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. The tet genes found in higher frequency in the samples or isolates evaluated were tetA, tetB, tetM, tetL, tetK, tetC, tetO, tetD, tetG, tetW, tetS, tetQ, tetE, tetH, tetJ, tetZ, and tetY. Studies evaluating the presence of tet genes in animals in LAC are limited despite TET being antibiotics widely used in animals. It is necessary to establish cross border public policies that allow the constant training of medical and related personnel regarding the responsible use of antibiotics in animals and the effective monitoring of the phenomenon in the region.
Erratum: Ultrasonographic aspects of the gallbladder mucocele in 30 dogs: retrospective study
Authors: Deusdado Fernanda de Carlo , Lorigados Carla Aparecida Batista , Pantano Marianna , Hayashi Ayne Murata , Calderon Fabio
Published: December 2023

Gallbladder mucocele is characterized by hyperplasia of the gallbladder epithelium, increased mucus production, accumulation, and densification of the bile content, which can lead to biliary obstruction, necrosis, and rupture of the gallbladder wall. Its finding may be accidental or related to symptoms. A retrospective study (2016-2019) was carried out based on abdominal ultrasound examinations in dogs, correlating aspects of the gallbladder and biliary system in the mucocele with existing comorbidities. Thirty dogs diagnosed with biliary mucocele were evaluated, of which 46.66% had the disease at an early stage, and 53.33% showed a more advanced stage. Of these, 66.66% were related to endocrinopathies and hyperadrenocorticism. Signs of extrahepatic bile duct obstruction and biliary peritonitis were observed in two animals. Due to their potential risk of complications, follow-up ultrasound assessments are indicated in cases that opt for clinical treatment, not excluding the need for surgical intervention.
memes e a deselitização do acesso à literatura: uma análise da página @funkeiroscults
Authors: Dal Pozzo Daniela Fátima , Picancio Gabriela Valer , Alves Márcio Miranda
Published: December 2023

Este artigo busca investigar a relação entre Instagram e literatura, de modo a analisar como a prosa e a poesia são “memeficadas” nessa rede social, especificamente na página @funkeiroscults, e verificar como as comunidades periféricas brasileiras contribuem para combater a crença de que a literatura seria destinada apenas a camadas sociais de maior poder aquisitivo.
Editorial do dossiê n. 31
Authors: Magalhães Lucas Breda , Seyi Salles Bento Oluwa Seyi Salles Bento , Helena Damiani Aguilar Luiza
Published: December 2023

Editorial
COVID-19 monitoring in workers at a Brazilian public university: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pagamicce Leila Tassia , Andrechuk Carla Renata Silva , Oliveira Mariane Karin de Moraes , Taninaga Edite Kazue , Guerreiro Inajara de Cassia , Pavan Maria Helena Postal , Trevisane Rose Clélia Grion , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus
Published: December 2023

Introduction: primary care action strategies are relevant for disease prevention and health promotion, as well as for the initial management of suspected cases and the individual monitoring of patients with confirmed diagnoses of COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of clinical worsening and demographic, occupational, andclinical variables of workers with COVID-19 in a community health center at a public university in southeastern Brazil. Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted with 1,459 symptomatic workers with COVID-19. Data were extracted from the database of the unit’s epidemiological surveillance center between March 2020 and March 2021. Results: The average age of participants was 41.1 (SD 10.8) years, most women (71.1%), who hadobesity (19.9%) and hypertension (17.0%). Among the symptoms, headache (75.3%) and cough (74.9%) stood out. The worsening of clinical outcome during follow-up occurred in 3.4% of cases. The demographic, occupational and clinical factors associated with clinical worsening were gender, professional category, hypertension, diabetesmellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, olfactory disorders, cough, fever, and dyspnea. The Poisson regression showed that the prevalence of clinical worsening was greater with age, obesity, fever, and dyspnea. Conclusion: Clinical worsening occurred in 3.4% of the cases and was more prevalent according to age, obesity, fever, and dyspnea. The follow-up has shown promise in the early detection and treatment of COVID-19.
O cuidado farmacêutico na redução do impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde cardiovascular de pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos
Authors: Roque Nathália Castilho , Machado Vitor Franco , Cazarim Maurilio Souza
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 impactou na prestação de serviços à saúde aos pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas e o Medication Therapy Management (MTM-PC), parte integrante do cuidado farmacêutico, pode acarretar melhora dos parâmetros clínicos impactados pela pandemia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto clínico do cuidado farmacêutico na hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e diabetes mellitus (DM) diante às mudanças impostas pela pandemia de COVID-19 no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental, single arm, do tipo antes e depois, com a coleta de dados de 01 julho de 2019 a 31 de outubro de 2022. Foram incluídos no estudo dados de pacientes do consultório farmacêutico da Farmácia Universitária- UFJF que foram divididos em pré-pandemia e pandemia, considerando o baseline e os dados relativos à reintrodução do atendimento presencial no consultório como endpoint. Foram coletados dados de pressão arterial, perfil lipídico, glicemia capilar, uso de estatinas e ácido acetilsalicílico, risco cardiovascular e dados psicossociais, consequências do isolamento social na saúde mental, prescrição de medicamentos e hábitos de vida. Os dados foramanalisados no software MINITAB v19, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Durante a pandemia sem o MTM-PC verificou-se que a pressão arterial e o HDL aumentaram, PAS 117,5±8,86 e 134,75±12,43; PAD 71,25±3,54 e 83,25±11,65; HDL 45,25± 7,80 e 52,38±12,52. Comparativamente, verificou-se que os valores de pressão arterial se mantiveram e os parâmetros de hemoglobina glicada e HDL melhoraram com o MTM-PC, HbA1c 7,890±1,798, [p=0,028] e 7,325±1,30; HDL48,00±6,00 e 59,00±10,56, [p=0,020]. Consequentemente, refletiu-se no aumento do risco cardiovascular pela pandemia, tanto na escala global 13,69±8,08 para 22,38±7,28, quanto otimizada, 8,35± 6,71 para 16,10±5,83, [p=0,38], havendo a quebra de tendência no aumento do risco com o MTM-PC. A carga terapêutica dos medicamentos utilizados para hipertensão e diabetes se manteve abaixo do valor limite de 75%. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que a pandemia modificou parâmetros como pressão arterial e risco cardiovascular. E que o MTM-PC foi capaz de reduzir o impacto da pandemia na hemoglobina glicada, melhorar os níveis de colesterol HDL e quebrar uma tendência do aumento do risco cardiovascular.
Interações verbovisuais em Maria Mole, de André Neves
Authors: Lima Andressa Mayara Bezerra de Oliveira , Carvalho Diógenes Buenos Aires de
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo tem como objeto de discussão as interações verbovisuais em “Maria Mole”, de André Neves (2002). A partir dessa discussão objetiva-se i) analisar como se configura a relação texto e imagem nessa obra direcionada ao público infantil; ii) identificar e discutir as estratégias linguísticas e imagéticas presentes na obra que possibilitam a ampliação de sentidos pelo leitor em formação; iii) investigar como se configura o diálogo entre texto e imagem, que constitui a narrativa, possibilita o desenvolvimento da sensibilidade estética do leitor infantil. Para fundamentar a presente pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizou-se como aporte teórico os pressupostos Bauman (2005), Carvalho e Cunha (2016), Hauser (1973), Houston (2010), Candido (1972), entre outros. Portanto, a presente pesquisa trata-se de uma amostragem de texto artístico que representa a infância e possibilita a experiência sensível pelo imbricamento da palavra e da imagem.
Oswald de Andrade e o Teatro Oficina: O Rei da Vela em cena
Authors: Longatti Carolina Xavier de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

Esse artigo busca refletir sobre a montagem da peça teatral “O Rei da Vela”, escrita por Oswald de Andrade, um dos precursores do modernismo, pelo Teatro Oficina, idealizado por José Celso Martinez. Em períodos históricos diferentes, Zé Celso e Oswald de Andrade inovaram o teatro: Oswald por intermédio do conteúdo crítico de seu texto dramatúrgico, e Zé Celso por via da forma utilizada para a montagem criativa do texto. Buscaremos compreender como o Teatro Oficina utilizou o texto oswaldiano para ampliar seu substrato crítico, por meio da linguagem e recursos teatrais
Poesia, visualidade e cubismo em "Água-forte", poema de Manuel Bandeira
Authors: Franco Junior Arnaldo
Published: December 2023

Análise e interpretação do poema “Água-forte”, de Manuel Bandeira, sob o prisma das relações entre poesia, visualidade e procedimentos cubistas de composição pictórica da imagem. “Água-forte” tem um forte vínculo com o modernismo devido à representação fragmentária e multiperspectivada da imagem que registra. Neste poema, a técnica cubista produz um ciframento sutil da natureza erótica e dos nexos entre vida e morte inerentes à imagem que fascina o poeta.
Nós também falamos português, de Avani Souza Silva: uma viagem literária e cultural pelos mundos da língua portuguesa
Authors: Ribeiro Filho Paulo César
Published: December 2023

SILVA, Avani Souza. Nós também falamos português: histórias contadas nos países de língua portuguesa. Ilustrações de Thales Fernando Pomb. São Paulo: Editora Martin Claret, 2023.
CNS Drug Delivery in Stroke: Improving Therapeutic Translation From the Bench to the Bedside
Authors: Ronaldson Patrick T. , Williams Erica I. , Betterton Robert D. , Stanton Joshua A. , Nilles Kelsy L. , Davis Thomas P.
Published: December 2023

Drug development for ischemic stroke is challenging as evidenced by the paucity of therapeutics that have advanced beyond a phase III trial. There are many reasons for this lack of clinical translation including factors related to the experimental design of preclinical studies. Often overlooked in therapeutic development for ischemic stroke is the requirement of effective drug delivery to the brain, which is critical for neuroprotective efficacy of several small and large molecule drugs. Advancing central nervous system drug delivery technologies implies a need for detailed comprehension of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular unit. Such knowledge will permit the innate biology of the BBB/neurovascular unit to be leveraged for improved bench-to-bedside translation of novel stroke therapeutics. In this review, we will highlight key aspects of BBB/neurovascular unit pathophysiology and describe state-of-the-art approaches for optimization of central nervous system drug delivery (ie, passive diffusion, mechanical opening of the BBB, liposomes/nanoparticles, transcytosis, intranasal drug administration). Additionally, we will discuss how endogenous BBB transporters represent the next frontier of drug delivery strategies for stroke. Overall, this review will provide cutting edge perspective on how central nervous system drug delivery must be considered for the advancement of new stroke drugs toward human trials.
“Interstellar Wanderers:” Digital Support for Teaching Place Value Within the Activity Approach Framework
Authors: Vysotskaya Elena , Lobanova Anastasia
Published: December 2023

Background. The majority of mistakes students make while using “well-learned” decimal counting, can be attributed to their miscomprehension of the structure and arrangement of the “positional” numeral system. Digital support may merely serve an illustrative and training function, or it may provide the special environment for locating the problem of positional counting as a part of meaningful actions by the students. Following the Activity approach, we aimed to scaffold the students’ own learning actions, in such a way as to reveal the origin of the multi-digit number concept. Thus, we used counting in other-base systems as a way for students to reconsider the reasoning behind familiar operations in the most common base-ten system. Objective. The purpose of this paper is to present the approach to computer support which we have designed, based on our analysis of the activity content related to the multi-digit number concept, and to discuss some preliminary results of the first training series. Design. The approach to educational environment design developed within the Learning Activity theory defines the ways in which a computer becomes essential. The computer should provide a transparent interface which allows students to perform transformations with objects which will react accordingly. The additional opportunities to perform concept-mediated orientation procedures should also be scaffolded by digital means. For the purposes of our study, the computer-based educational module “Interstellar wanderers” was designed. Four groups of students from 2nd to 5th grade (8-12 years of age, 20 children in total) participated in the experimental computer-based lessons (over 30 hours); classroom observations, videotaped discussions, and logs of students’ individual work in the computer simulation were used for analysis. Results. The preliminary results of the experimental teaching showed that the computer support which we developed may scaffold students’ progress toward acquisition of the multi-digit number concept through a reflective re-thinking of the well-learned decimal system. Yet further research is needed to get a quantitative analysis of students’ performance. Conclusion. The general principles of computer support design based on the Activity approach in education (Galperin, Davydov, & Talyzina) demand a thorough analysis of the origin of the concept being studied, as well as the design of appropriate content and means of students’ actions and corresponding contexts and tasks. The digital means which we designed to support students’ learning activity, are in demand and bring promising results.
How Does Joint Media Engagement Affect the Development of Executive Functions in 5- to-7 year-old Children?
Authors: Bukhalenkova Daria A. , Chichinina Elena A. , Almazova Olga V.
Published: December 2023

Background. Executive functions are actively developing in children of preschool age. Executive functions’ development is also influenced by the way children are using digital devices. Joint media engagement is one of the parameters of digital device usage that has been poorly studied so far, although this is of great importance from the point of view of cultural-historical psychology. Objective. Our research aimed to explore the association between young children’s development of executive functions over a year, and their joint media engagement with parents and siblings in preschool children. Design. Four hundred ninety (490) typically developing children (52% of them were boys) participated in the study. It was a longitudinal study: during the first stage, the children were 5-6 years old; the second stage followed one year later. The NEPSY-II subtests (Inhibition, Statue, Memory for Designs, Sentences Repetition) and the Dimensional Change Card Sort were used to assess executive functions. A questionnaire for mothers was used to get information about the children’s joint media engagement and screen time. Results. Children who watched video content and played video games together with their siblings developed more inhibitory control over the year than those children who did it alone. Co-viewing of video content with parents was associated with a decrease in cognitive flexibility over the year, as opposed to watching it alone. Conclusion. The obtained data allows us to conclude that joint media engagement is important for executive functions development, and that there are optimal formats of joint media engagement. Based on the limitations of this study, recommendations for future research were suggested.
Trends in Atmospheric Heat Transport Since 1980
Authors: Cox Tyler , Donohoe Aaron , Armour Kyle C. , Frierson Dargan M. W. , Roe Gerard H.
Published: December 2023

We investigate the linear trends in meridional atmospheric heat transport (AHT) since 1980 in atmospheric reanalysis datasets, coupled climate models, and atmosphere-only climate models forced with historical sea surface temperatures. Trends in AHT are decomposed into contributions from three components of circulation: (i) transient eddies, (ii) stationary eddies, and (iii) the mean meridional circulation. All reanalyses and models agree on the pattern of AHT trends in the Southern Ocean, providing confidence in the trends in this region. There are robust increases in transient-eddy AHT magnitude in the Southern Ocean in the reanalyses, which are well replicated by the atmosphere-only models, while coupled models show smaller magnitude trends. This suggests that the pattern of sea surface temperature trends contributes to the transient-eddy AHT trends in this region. In the tropics, we find large differences between mean-meridional circulation AHT trends in models and the reanalyses, which we connect to discrepancies in tropical precipitation trends. In the Northern Hemisphere, we find less evidence of large-scale trends and more uncertainty, but note several regions with mismatches between models and the reanalyses that have dynamical explanations. Throughout this work we find strong compensation between the different components of AHT, most notably in the Southern Ocean where transient-eddy AHT trends are well compensated by trends in the mean-meridional circulation AHT, resulting in relatively small total AHT trends. This highlights the importance of considering AHT changes holistically, rather than each AHT component individually.
Well-Being, Changes to Academic Behavior, and Resilience Among Families Experiencing Parental Immigration Imprisonment
Authors: Patler Caitlin , Gonzalez Gabriela
Published: December 2023

While the deleterious impacts of parental incarceration are well documented, we know less about the experiences of children with parents imprisoned by immigration authorities. We draw from 62 multigenerational and multiperspective interviews conducted in California with school-age children experiencing parental immigration imprisonment (PII), and their nondetained caregivers. We find that children experiencing PII report feelings and behaviors suggestive of significant psychological distress, which leads to changes in engagement and behavior at school. While some children access academic support and counseling, often following advocacy from nondetained parents or interventions by teachers, others do not receive such support. Many children conceal their family’s situation and withdraw from school-based programs—alarmingly, the very same structures that could support them through PII. These behaviors are rooted in compounded vulnerability, that is, children’s overlapping experiences of parents’ imprisonment and precarious immigration status. Our study provides strong descriptive evidence of the extensive harms of PII for children. These results should prompt immediate action from policymakers who can legislate an end to incarceration in immigration legal proceedings. Our findings can also inform efforts by educators and schools to better support children experiencing PII.
Treasure (Hunt for) Your Health! Addressing Pediatric Social Determinants of Health Through Child-Friendly Community Engagement Events
Authors: McGrath Eric , Dwaihy Meghan , Smitherman Lynn , Behar Miriam , Benjamins Laura , Cockern Nikki , Meade Jill , Smith Jameel , Marshall Sharon , Youngman Christopher , Buggs-Saxton Colleen , Houston Keshaum , Jones Natalie , Secord Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

Social determinants of health (SDoH), including factors such as education level, housing, poverty, racism, and food insecurity and their impact on health outcomes have been well documented. The “Wayne Pediatrics Health and Nutrition Expo” held at Detroit’s Eastern Market was an activity-based health and nutrition event addressing pediatric SDoH. Partnering with community organizations, the event had 10 stations addressing SDoH: access to a primary-care pediatrician; HIV-care and prevention; childhood literacy; clothing & winter coats; mental health and childhood development; nutrition; staying active; vaccination; and food insecurity. The free, public event featured a child-themed treasure hunt and map, music, giveaways, and live demonstrations, all in a family-friendly park atmosphere. While SDoH are considered “non-medical” factors that contribute to health and may be difficult to completely address for any individual child, our practice addressed several key SDoH at a single-day, hands-on, child-friendly community event based on the local needs of children.
Effects of the Quantity and Magnitude of Cross-Loading and Model Specification on MIRT Item Parameter Recovery
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Mostafa , Cole Ki Lynn Matlock
Published: December 2023

In real-world situations, multidimensional data may appear on large-scale tests or psychological surveys. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the quantity and magnitude of cross-loadings and model specification on item parameter recovery in multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT) models, especially when the model was misspecified as a simple structure, ignoring the quantity and magnitude of cross-loading. A simulation study that replicated this scenario was designed to manipulate the variables that could potentially influence the precision of item parameter estimation in the MIRT models. Item parameters were estimated using marginal maximum likelihood, utilizing the expectation-maximization algorithms. A compensatory two-parameter logistic-MIRT model with two dimensions and dichotomous item–responses was used to simulate and calibrate the data for each combination of conditions across 500 replications. The results of this study indicated that ignoring the quantity and magnitude of cross-loading and model specification resulted in inaccurate and biased item discrimination parameter estimates. As the quantity and magnitude of cross-loading increased, the root mean square of error and bias estimates of item discrimination worsened.
SD-ARX modeling and robust MPC with variable feedback gain for nonlinear systems
Authors: Zhou Feng , Xi Yanhui , Zhu Peidong
Published: December 2023

As a generalized input-output model, the state-dependent exogenous variable autoregressive (SD-ARX) model has been intensively utilized to model complex nonlinear systems. Considering that more freedom can be provided by the state feedback control with variable feedback gain for constructing robust controllers, we propose a robust model predictive control (RMPC) algorithm with variable feedback gain on the basis of the SD-ARX model. First, the polytopic state space models (SSMs) of the system are constructed and the prediction accuracy of the SSMs is further improved by using the parameter variation rate information of the SD-ARX model. Then, an RMPC algorithm with variable feedback gain is synthesized for increasing the design freedom and enhancing the control performance. Two simulation examples, that is, the modeling and control of a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a water tank system, are provided to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed RMPC algorithm.
Chronic Absenteeism and Its Impact on the Learning Outcomes of Primary Grade Students in India
Authors: Jain Charu , Jain Ruchi
Published: December 2023

This article addresses one of the most critical yet overlooked problems of the excessive absence of students in primary grades in India. Considering the intuitive link between students’ attendance and achievements, this article empirically investigates the incidences and causes of chronic absenteeism while examining the variations in the attainment of foundational skills of primary students. Using data from the India Human Development Survey, round II, the authors find a continuous decline in the attainment of foundational skills among students as the absenteeism rate increases from ‘normal’ to ‘chronic’, clearly indicating that attendance works! Further, the logistic regression model shows that poor health conditions of a child, larger school distance, extra school working hours, teaching factors and harsh punishments are among the major contributing factors leading to chronic absence among students. Early attention and strict policy interventions are required due to their direct implications on the cognitive growth of young minds and the quality and productivity of the overall school education.

JEL Codes: I21, I24, I28
Urban Exclusion: Rethinking Social Protection in the Wake of the Pandemic in India
Authors: Choudhuri Pallavi , Pramanik Santanu , Desai Sonalde
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, and the consequent nationwide lockdown in India that began on 25 March 2020, caused a major disruption in the labour market, leading to the widespread loss of livelihoods and food insecurity. The findings from a telephonic survey of a representative sample of more than 3,000 households in the National Capital Region also reveal a dramatic loss in earning capacity. The place of residence and occupation mediated the impact of the lockdown, with greater vulnerabilities witnessed amongst those engaged in informal employment, especially in urban areas. The government rolled out a series of welfare measures in response to the widespread economic distress, with the provision of free foodgrains and cash transfers aimed at rehabilitating those who were the most affected. While the use of prior social registries enabled quick disbursement, our analysis shows that few households received both foodgrains and cash transfers, particularly in urban areas. Urban residents were also eight percentage points less likely to receive cash transfers than their rural counterparts.

JEL Codes: I38, J21, O17
The spectrum of presentations of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Stephenson Lilli , Tiemensma Marianne , Van Den Heuvel Corinna , Byard Roger W.
Published: December 2023

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odourless and tasteless gas which can be produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels. Compared to vehicular CO suicides, unintentional cases (excluding those related to fires) are much less common. Increased education surrounding the risks associated with the accumulation of CO in enclosed spaces has contributed to a reduced incidence of unintentional CO poisonings. However, such cases may remain undetected, particularly in domestic and recreational settings where scene findings are often non-specific. The current study of unintentional CO poisonings in South Australia and the Northern Territory, each with a unique climate (Mediterranean and tropical respectively), demonstrated differences in the circumstances of death. Several cases where individuals used carbon-producing fuel sources for heat, both in domestic and vehicular settings and without adequate ventilation, resulted in fatal outcomes. Less common scenarios involved faults in equipment (e.g. a hot water heater), vehicle faults resulting in the accumulation of fatal levels of CO in enclosed spaces, and inadvertent introduction of CO into a diving oxygen supply in a recreational aquatic setting. In ascertaining the cause of death, other considerations include the potential role of underlying chronic cardiovascular and respiratory disease and age which may increase an individual's susceptibility to CO toxicity. Understanding the wide variety of presentations and contributing factors in cases of fatal CO poisoning including consideration of climate-specific differences in domestic and extra-domestic settings may enable improved detection at autopsy.
S-1 maintenance therapy in advanced gastric cancer without disease progression after first-line chemotherapy: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Luchun , Wang Ting , Wu Zhijuan , Li Yan , Ma Huiwen , Wang Lulu , Lei Shuangyi
Published: December 2023

For patients with advanced gastric cancer after chemotherapy, the optimal mode of maintenance therapy is not yet clear. This research aimed to compare the efficacy and adverse effects of S-1 maintenance therapy and follow-up observation in patients with advanced gastric cancer without disease progression after first-line combined chemotherapy. This study retrospectively analyzed 106 patients from January 2018 to December 2021. The primary endpoints were overall survival and progression-free survival, the secondary endpoint was chemotherapy-related toxicity, and the curative effects and baseline characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Longer progression-free survival and overall survival were observed in the S-1 maintenance treatment group than in the follow-up observation group ( p < 0.001). No obvious differences existed in the subgroup results regarding progression-free survival or overall survival ( p > 0.05). In the maintenance treatment group, the occurrence of thrombocytopenia and hand-foot syndrome was significantly increased ( p < 0.001). No toxicity-related deaths occurred. The included patients without disease progression after first-line combined chemotherapy can achieve significant survival benefits by receiving S-1 maintenance therapy. The patient's tolerance to S-1 maintenance therapy was good.
Back From the Dead: Exploring the Tension Between Imagination and Custodianship in Revenant Organizations
Authors: Solomon Shelby J. , Mathias Blake D.
Published: December 2023

Organizational actors often look to the past to revive practices of the past. A growing body of research suggests that there is opportunity in the past and highlights how dormant or declining industries have been revitalized. We take this line of research a step further by examining how entrepreneurs (reanimators) revive long-since-failed organizations (revenants), a process we refer to as reanimation. Thus, rather than create a “new” venture, many entrepreneurs are turning to revive defunct or “dead” organizations. On the one hand, the act of reviving a dead organization suggests that reanimators perceive value in the failed organization's past; otherwise, why not start something new? On the other hand, theory predicts organizational actors might likely avoid such associations with the past since they are rooted in failure. As such, understanding what elements of an organization's past an entrepreneur retains or discards and how organizational leaders successfully reanimate failed firms is critical to our understanding of entrepreneurship and tradition. During this reanimation process, we observe a fundamental tension between imagination and custodianship. We find that the entrepreneur's ability to resist the urge to leverage their imagination through innovation and instead act as a custodian by honoring the past influences the organization's prospects for survival post-reanimation. Our theorizing offers guidance for understanding the inherent tensions between innovation and tradition in firms with rich histories, the potential downsides of unchecked imagination, and the importance of gaining stakeholder acceptance before exercising the authority to innovate.
Perspectives of Community Nurses on Treatment Engagement of Persons with Severe Mental Illnesses (PwSMI): A Qualitative Study from South India
Authors: Somanathan Revathi , Gandhi Sailaxmi , Sivakumar Thanapal , Manjunatha Narayana , Jayarajan Deepak , Thirthalli Jagadisha , Parthasarathy Rajani
Published: December 2023

Background:

There is increasing evidence of the need for treatment engagement between Persons with Severe Mental Illnesses (PwSMIs) and Mental Health Professionals (MHPs). This therapeutic process involves collaborative work between patients and MHPs, which improves the condition. Community nurses are uniquely positioned to facilitate this process as they act as the focal point of interaction between patients and the health system.

Methods:

This qualitative study explored the community nurses’ experiences in treatment engagement with PwSMI through eight group interviews of 35 community nurses from District Mental Health Programs (DMHPs) across Karnataka (South India) from February 2020 to March 2020. The audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed and coded to arrive at themes and subthemes.

Results:

The major themes identified were factors influencing treatment engagement, strategies to tackle treatment nonengagement, and challenges in dealing with nonengagement. The reasons for nonengagement were lack of insight and lack of knowledge of sociocultural, logistic, and treatment-related factors. The DMHP teams contacted patients through phone calls, home visits, and liaisons with health workers and intervened with them through education and depot injections. The major challenges were difficulty conducting home visits, distances, the unavailability of medications, and the need for adequate infrastructure and human resources.

Conclusion:

Community nurses address a few factors of nonengagement, such as insight, sociocultural factors, and treatment-related factors. Addressing the systemic challenges and adequate training of nurses in intervening in the dropped-out PwSMIs would help to reduce the treatment gap.
Governing resettlement: Interrogating tensions and contradictions around age, vulnerability, and integrate-ability in the Irish context
Authors: Smith Karen
Published: December 2023

Deploying a lens informed by humanitarian reason and governmentality this article interrogates the normative assumptions underlying resettlement for international protection in the Irish context. Drawing on findings from a qualitative study on the needs of children and parents admitted under the Irish Refugee Protection Programme, it highlights tensions and contradictions underemphasised in the existing literature, including those deriving from assumptions which inversely associate age with integrate-ability. Such assumptions place a heavy burden on the young, perceived to be the most adaptable. The danger pointed to in this article is that those deemed least adaptable - adults with limited prior education - might not be prioritised for supports due to negative assumptions about their prospects. Somewhat paradoxically, the ‘most adaptable’ – children resettled at primary-school age or younger – might also miss out on supports as they are deemed likely to succeed in any case.
Research data sharing: Practices and perceptions of researchers at the selected universities in Tanzania
Authors: Buhomoli Obadia Shadrack , Muneja Paul S.
Published: December 2023

Despite the presence of multiple platforms for research data sharing such as data repositories, journal systems, social media, and portable devices, the practice of data sharing has not well been deployed in many universities in Africa including Tanzania. Therefore, this study investigated research data sharing at the selected universities in Tanzania. Specifically, the study sought to explore the research data sharing practices as well as determine the researchers’ perceptions of research data sharing. This study used a cross-section survey design, where both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. A sample size of 200 was drawn from a population of 1846 of the universities under study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from researchers while interviews were used to collect data from the university leaders. The findings indicate that researchers were practicing research data sharing in the surveyed institutions at different levels. The study has also revealed that researchers were mostly practicing sharing of research data within their research groups. Further, it was found that most of the respondents were willing to use others’ research data compared to their data sets being used by others. Moreover, the academic backgrounds of the researchers were significantly important in research data-sharing practices. The study also found that researchers perceived that sharing of research data could easily be done if researchers would benefit from sharing the research data or if researchers would be forced to share their research data. The study concludes that, researchers at the surveyed institutions have been practicing research data sharing although at the minimum level. The study recommends the establishment of research data-sharing national framework that can guide all entities and activities related to research data sharing.
State of the art: Monitoring of the respiratory system during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Collins Patrick Duncan , Giosa Lorenzo , Camporota Luigi , Barrett Nicholas A
Published: December 2023

Monitoring the patient receiving veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is challenging due to the complex physiological interplay between native and membrane lung. Understanding these interactions is essential to understand the utility and limitations of different approaches to respiratory monitoring during ECMO. We present a summary of the underlying physiology of native and membrane lung gas exchange and describe different tools for titrating and monitoring gas exchange during ECMO. However, the most important role of VV ECMO in severe respiratory failure is as a means of avoiding further ergotrauma. Although optimal respiratory management during ECMO has not been defined, over the last decade there have been advances in multimodal respiratory assessment which have the potential to guide care. We describe a combination of imaging, ventilator-derived or invasive lung mechanic assessments as a means to individualise management during ECMO.
The anterior saphenous vein. Part 4. Clinical and technical considerations in treatment. Endorsed by the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, the American Venous Forum, and the International Union of Phlebology
Authors: Boyle Edward M , Drgastin Rachel , Labropoulos Nicos , Caggiati Alberto , Gasparis Antonios , Doganci Suat , Meissner Mark
Published: December 2023

Background

The decision to treat a refluxing anterior saphenous vein (ASV) should be a clinical decision based on the assessment on the ASV’s contribution to patient’s signs and symptoms. Once the decision to treat has been made, there are anatomic, clinical, and technical considerations in treatment planning.

Methods

Clinical scenarios were discussed by a panel of experts and common anatomic, clinical, and technical considerations were identified.

Results

There are unique clinical considerations such as whether both the great saphenous vein (GSV) and ASV should be concomitantly treated, if a normal ASV should be treated when treating a refluxing GSV and when and how to treat the associated tributary varicose tributaries. Being aware of the anatomic, clinical, and technical considerations allows development of a treatment plan that optimizes long-term outcomes in patients with ASV reflux.

Conclusion

Ultimately the treatment plan should be tailored to address these types of variables in a patient-centered discussion.
Technological Changes, Investments, and Unemployment Pre and Post Covid 19 in the United States A State-Level Analysis
Authors: Abdelkaoui Fatma , Sadaoui Ali , Nasser Feriel , Bouzidi Mariem
Published: December 2023

Breaking the intractable cycle of poverty in a country requires effective resolution of the unemployment problem by the government. One approach to mitigate unemployment is to foster investment in various sectors, and in the era of the industrial revolution, technological innovation should also be considered. The correlation between technology and unemployment has been extensively debated, and this study seeks to examine the connections between technological progress, physical investment, education, inflation, and unemployment in the United States. We utilized panel data from the 51 states from 2015 to 2021 and found that technological advancements resulted in a decline in the unemployment rate, while inflation had an inverse relationship with it, as predicted by the Phillips curve. However, investments in education increased the unemployment rate, indicating that highly educated individuals experienced notable employment difficulties. Our study had two distinct parts: the initial phase analyzed the statistical explanations for the outcomes, while the latter phase introduced initiatives that focused on government intervention to halt the rising unemployment rate.
UTE T2* cartilage mapping in the hip: a pilot study assessing cartilage in patients with femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Wong Tony T , Igbinoba Zenas , Tokaria Rumana , Quarterman Patrick , Fung Maggie , Jaramillo Diego , Jambawalikar Sachin R
Published: December 2023

Background

UTE T2* cartilage mapping use in patients undergoing femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been lacking but may allow the detection of early cartilage damage.

Purpose

To assess the reproducibility of UTE T2* cartilage mapping and determine the difference in UTE T2* values between FAI and asymptomatic patients and to evaluate the correlation between UTE T2* values and patient-reported symptoms.

Material and Methods

Prospective evaluation of both hips (7 FAI and 7 asymptomatic patients). Bilateral hip 3-T MRI scans with UTE T2* cartilage maps were acquired. A second MRI scan was acquired 1–9 months later. Cartilage was segmented into anterosuperior, superior, and posterosuperior regions. Assessment was made of UTE T2* reproducibility (ICC). Mean UTE T2* values in patients were compared ( t-tests) and correlation was made with patient-reported outcomes (Spearman's).

Results

ICCs of mean UTE T2* were as follows: acetabular, 0.82 (95% CI=0.50–0.95); femoral, 0.76 (95% CI=0.35–0.92). Significant strong correlation was found between mean acetabular UTE T2* values and iHOT12 (ρ = −0.63) and moderate correlation with mHHS (ρ = −0.57). There was no difference in mean UTE T2* values between affected vs. non-affected FAI hips. FAI-affected hips had significantly higher values in acetabulum vs. asymptomatic patients (13.47 vs. 12.55 ms). There was no difference in mean femoral cartilage values between the FAI-affected hips vs. asymptomatic patients. The posterosuperior femoral region had a higher mean value in non-affected FAI hips vs. asymptomatic patients (12.60 vs. 11.53 ms).

Conclusion

UTE T2* cartilage mapping had excellent reproducibility. Affected FAI hips had higher mean acetabular UTE T2* values than asymptomatic patients. Severity of patient-reported symptoms correlates with UTE T2* acetabular cartilage values.
The everchanging Sky-Tower – an apparent giant
Authors: S. Schwarzkopf Dietrich , Kolf Annelise , Lai Cathy , Huang Tina , Kinoshita Shuji
Published: December 2023

For over a quarter-century, the Sky-Tower has dominated the skyline of Auckland Tāmaki Makaurau. Despite its imposing height, observers anecdotally report odd fluctuations in how big it appears. From certain angles, it can look positively stumpy. Such misperceptions can be bewildering and perilous when it happens whilst driving. Here, we characterise this strange illusion in the hopes of better understanding its cause.
Cancer susceptibility 18 positively regulates NUAK Family Kinase 1 expression to promote migration and invasion via sponging of miR-5586-5p in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Wang Jingrong , Zhang Bocheng , Gong Sha , Liu Ying , Yi Liang , Long Ying
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) is the most common gynecological malignancy worldwide. Although the cancer susceptibility 18 (CASC18) gene was involved in the regulation of cancer biology, its specific role in CESC is not well characterized.

Methods

CASC18-related axis was predicted by bioinformatic analyses, and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interaction was further validated using quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, RNA pulldown, and luciferase reporter assays. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to verify the effect of CASC18 on SiHa and HeLa cell motility.

Results

We found that CASC18 was upregulated in CESC tissues. Moreover, interference with CASC18 attenuated NUAK1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and thus suppressed cancer cell motility. Furthermore, the effects of CASC18 knockdown on CESC cells were partly rescued by transfection with the miR-5586-5p inhibitor. Additionally, our findings indicated that CASC18 acts as a ceRNA to enhance NUAK1 expression by sponging miR-5586-5p.

Conclusion

Our study showed a novel CASC18/miR-5586-5p/ NUAK1 ceRNA axis that could regulate cell invasion and migration by modulating EMT in CESC. These findings suggest that CASC18 may potentially serve as a novel therapeutic target in CESC treatment.
Sclareol ameliorates liver injury by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B/NOD-like receptor protein 3-mediated inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic mice
Authors: Tang Leilei , Mei Xuan , Ye Mengling , Liu Yang , Huang Yujie , Yu Jiawen , Zhang Lingdi , Zhuge Sheng , Jiang Guojun , Zhu Jianjun
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Sclareol (SCL) is a natural diterpene with anti-inflammation and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the hepatoprotective effects of SCL in diabetic mice. Methods: SCL (10 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to C57BL/6 mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes daily for 5 weeks to evaluate its beneficial effects in liver injury. Body and liver weight and blood glucose levels were measured. Liver histopathology, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Oil Red O staining, respectively. Serum hepatic enzyme and lipid levels were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Hepatocellular apoptosis was measured using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay. Oxidative stress markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using appropriate assay kits. The effects of sclareol on inflammation and lipid metabolism was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blot assays. Results: SCL significantly decreased serum liver enzymes and lipids levels, and alleviated adipogenesis and fibrosis. Moreover, the protein levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and sterol response element-binding protein 1 were downregulated, whereas the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 was upregulated. SCL increased the antioxidant activity, and decreased ROS levels. SCL alleviated hepatic mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, SCL inhibited Kupffer cell infiltration and reduced serum inflammatory cytokine levels. SCL significantly downregulated the protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) P65, NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase 1, and interleukin-1β. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SCL improves diabetes-induced liver injury by alleviating the NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder.