bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ekologinen kompensaatio Suomessa: analyysi sääntelyn vahvuuksista, heikkouksista ja kehitysmahdollisuuksista
Authors: Kujala Heini , Pappila Minna , Leskinen Paula , Tuomisaari Johanna , Jalkanen Joel , Salokannel Veera , Nieminen Eini , Moilanen Atte , Halme Panu , Aulake Marianne , Pykäläinen Essi , Mustajärvi Linda , Oinonen Iikka , Kotilainen Juha , Kotiaho Janne
Published: March 2024

Luonnonsuojelulakia uudistettaessa lakiin lisättiin uusi luku vapaaehtoisesta ekologisesta kompensaatiosta, mikä mahdollistaa luontohaittojen kompensoimisen tuottamalla vastaava määrä luontohyötyjä. Ekologista kompensaatiota ohjaavat kansainväliset kriteerit, jotka perustuvat maailmalla vuosikymmenien aikana kertyneisiin kokemuksiin kompensaatioiden toteuttamisesta. Siltikin kompensaatioiden suunnitteluun, toteutukseen ja valvontaan liittyy tunnistettuja haasteita, jotka voivat vaarantaa luonnon kokonaisheikentymättömyyden saavuttamisen. Tässä katsauksessa kuvaamme nyt lakiin tuodun suomalaisen ekologisen kompensaatiojärjestelmän, ja arvioimme lainsäädännön vahvuuksia ja heikkouksia peilaamalla sitä näihin haasteisiin.
Katsauksemme perusteella Suomeen luotu kompensaatiolainsäädäntö on monella tapaa edistyksellinen. Heikennysten ja hyvityksen laskenta on määritelty kiitettävällä tarkkuudella, mikä lisää järjestelmän läpinäkyvyyttä ja asettaa selkeät kriteerit sille, mitä toimia voidaan kutsua ekologiseksi kompensaatioksi. Lisäksi lakiin on sisällytetty useita kompensoimisen onnistumisen kannalta tärkeitä kriteerejä, kuten hyvitysten pysyvyys, hyötyjen lisäisyys sekä tulevien hyötyjen toteutumiseen liittyvän epävarmuuden huomioiminen. Kaikki kompensaatiot myös merkitään avoimeen kompensaatiorekisteriin.
Lainsäädäntöön jäi myös puutteita. Merkittävimpiä on suojeluhyvityksen kansainvälisistä kriteereistä poikkeava ja laskennallisesti epälooginen määritelmä, joka käytännössä estää suojelun käytön kompensaationa. Kompensaatioiden kytkös lieventämishierarkiaan ja tuotettujen luontohyötyjen varmentaminen jäivät lainsäädännössä heikoiksi, vähentäen mekanismin uskottavuutta ja ohjausvaikutusta luontohaittojen vähentämiseen. Kompensaation täysi vapaaehtoisuus puolestaan vaikeuttaa mekanismin käyttöönottoa. Näistä syistä lakia ja asetusta tulisikin viipymättä päivittää muuttamalla kompensaatio velvoittavaksi rajatulle osalle luonnonarvoista ja korjaamalla ylläkuvatut valuviat. Yhtä tärkeää on, ettei tulevaisuudessa heikennetä nyt hyvin toimivia säädännöllisiä elementtejä.
Raising Awareness of Sustainable Development Goals in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Suklun Harika , Bengü Elif
Published: March 2024

Higher education institutions play a crucial role in advancing sustainable development goals. They bear the responsibility of informing and encouraging all stakeholders, including faculty members, students, and industry partners, to collaborate towards achieving these goals. While many universities are integrating Sustainable Development Goals into their operations and educational programs, there is an increasing need to establish collaborative platforms with private sectors and non-governmental organizations to further champion this agenda. Educating the future workforce is a key responsibility of these institutions, and they should actively raise students' awareness of these goals, enabling them to develop competencies related to sustainability. This study aims to explore how higher education institutions can effectively raise awareness of sustainable development goals. In addition, the research contributes to the literature by presenting a curriculum designed in a Turkish higher education institution to foster awareness of sustainable development goals. The findings hold the potential to significantly enrich existing literature on awareness-raising practices and the promotion of sustainability strategies, extending beyond higher education institutions to organizations at large.
The Judgment of Taste and the Formalism Undertaking in the Arts
Authors: Pujazon Patron Ernesto Carlos , Choon Woon Chong , Elias Arcelles Jose Domingo
Published: March 2024

One of the main reflective activities that have fascinated every human, since pre-Historic times, is about the production and evaluation-critique of a work of art. Art is almost as old as man. It is a form of work, and this work is an activity peculiar to mankind. Man takes possession of the natural elements by transforming it. Man, also dreams working his magic upon nature of being able to transform objects and give them newform by magical means this is the production of what works means in reality, where man is, from the outset a magician. Few questions need to be established to proceed: What are the procedures to follow to analyze a work of art, what inductive processes has to take into consideration and how to establish a detachment between the work of art and the judgement of it or how to evaluate this subjective experience? This paper present two main areas for discussion; first, it establishes definitions of terms and concepts related to “Significant Form”, “Form”, “Formalism”, and “Aesthetics”; and second, the evaluation of the ‘Significant Form’ in a work of art by using Feldman methos; reaching a conclusion based on the evidence of three work of art presented.
The Decline of the Eastern Empire and the Fall of Constantinople: An Omen for Europe?
Authors: Malherbe Jacques
Published: March 2024

There is a theory, already outlined by Toynbee, that empires that have succeeded one another in a dominant position are seeing their centre of gravity shift from east to west. This theory has most recently been evoked in connection with the replacement of the European empire by the American empire, which now seems to be giving way to an Asian empire. If we want to analyse historically the mechanisms that lead an empire to its downfall, the best example to choose is undoubtedly that of the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantine Empire in Western terminology. It is a world that has disappeared, but one that is close enough to us to allow us to understand it, and even to learn from its evolution, which only seems inevitable in retrospect. This story with its succession of internal and external causes of decline is summarized in the present study, leading to the disappearance of the Empire at the hands of the Ottoman dynasty. A parallel is drawn with the present situation of Europe.
Transformasi Pondok Pesantren Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Putus Sekolah
Authors: Safiudin  , Ilzamudin Ma’mur  , Shobri  , Utami Syifa Masfu'ah
Published: March 2024

Salah satu penyebab utama putus sekolah adalah lemahnya dan hilangnya motivasi belajar siswa sehingga mengabaikan tugas utamanya. Meningkatnya siswa putus sekolah di Indonesia selama lima tahun terakhir memberikan dampak negatif terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia sehingga perlu pendekatan alternatif menyelamatkan ancaman masa depannya. Pondok pesantren memiliki fungsi sosial dan pendidikan yang lebih fleksibel dan cenderung mudah bertransformasi memberikan manfaat secara langsung. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui transformasi pendidikan pesantren meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa putus sekolah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Pengambilan data bersumber literature dengan sepuluh tahun terakhir. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pondok pesantren sebagai fungsi sosial lembaga pendidikan Islam yang memiliki kemandirian dan peran serta membangun lingkungan masyarakat sekitar melalui karakter, keagamaan dan keterampilan. Transformasi pondok pesantren meningkatkan kualitas dan keberhasiannya dengan formalisasi pendidikan, profesionalisme dan kepemimpinan.  Pondok pesantren sebagai motivator pendidikan dengan memberikan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, pengajaran dan praktek akhlaq Islami dan pembentukan karakter muslim. Upaya pesantren meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa putus sekolah yaitu fasilitas pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, guru pendamping kreatif, manajemen kelas dan pelibatan orang tua.  Implikasi penelitian semakin baik transformasi sosial dan pendidikan pondok pesantren maka akan meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan menurunkan siswa putus sekolah. Implikasi penelitian semakin baik transformasi pendidikan pondok pesantren, maka akan semakin baik meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa putus sekolah
Learning Management Of Certified Teachers In Improving The Quality Of Student Religiosity At SMP Negeri Arun
Authors: Marfinda Elvi , Almuhajir
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explain the learning management of certified teachers from the stages of planning, implementation, evaluation and follow-up of learning in improving the quality of student religiosity at SMP Negeri Arun. This research is a qualitative study using a descriptive approach. Data sources consist of primary data and secondary data. To obtain accurate data, researchers conducted three data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis techniques consisted of data collection, data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that: 1) The learning planning of certified teachers in improving the quality of student religiosity at SMP Negeri Arun is carried out in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 22 of 2016, teacher planning documents are prepared by paying attention to student development areas such as encouraging students to participate actively, creatively, independently and with character, and planning concentrates on character building and Islamic culture, 2) The implementation of certified teachers' learning in improving the quality of student religiosity at SMP Negeri Arun varies by using an interactive learning approach with students and religiosity-integrated learning through development areas tailored to learning materials and activities, 3) Evaluation and follow-up of certification teachers' learning in improving the quality of student religiosity SMP Negeri Arun is in accordance with the applicable educational assessment standards in the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 21 of 2022. Learning evaluation is carried out to determine the success of learning through the stages of collecting and processing information that can help teachers know student learning outcomes. Indicators of learning success are determined from the results of evaluation of both aspects of attitude, knowledge and skills.
Vektor Teknik Sipil dengan Pailkem (Pembelajaran Aktif, Inovatif, Lingkungan, Kreatif, Efektif dan Menarik)
Authors: Sigamura Radha Krisnamurti , Nurul Dhian
Published: March 2024

There are many mathematics learning strategies that educators use to achieve more optimal results. The PAILKEM learning strategy is a learning strategy that makes it possible to achieve learning objectives. The aim of this learning is to improve understanding results. The hypothesis in this research is that there is a significant influence of the PAILKEM learning strategy (Active, Innovative, Environmental, Creative, Effective and Interesting Learning) on ??understanding vector material. This research method uses an experimental method using the True Experimental Design design. Data analysis was carried out using the t-test. The results of the research, after testing the hypothesis using the t-test with a significance level of 0.05, previously carried out a normality test and homogeneity test, obtained tcount > ttable, namely thitnug = 7.636> ttable = 1.6689 so that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. The conclusion of this research is that there is an influence of the PAILKEM learning strategy (Active, Innovative, Environmental, Creative, Effective and Interesting Learning) on ??understanding vector material.
Penentuan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Guna Meningkatkan Produktifitas pada Bagian Produksi UD. Redline
Authors: Hadisaputra Sasongko Adji , Putri Erni Puspanantasari
Published: March 2024

Redline is a home industry that produces sandals. UD. The current redline must prioritize the efficiency and effectiveness of production operations. A business can be said to be efficient if it is able to produce products based on consumer demand. One of the factors that influences the completion of requests is working time, the personnel involved in completing a production. For example, the aim of this research. This research focuses on the production of men's flip-flops to determine the standard time for each worker and the labor requirements required by UD. Redline for each job. Using the Workload Analysis (WLA) method. After this method was implemented, the research results showed that the process of making 1 unit of product took 12.33 minutes with 8 workers with additional overtime time and a cost of Rp. 120,129,600
Pola Komunikasi Ritual Purnama dan Tilem pada Umat Hindu di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Siagian Dewi Radiatul Irabiah , Yozani Ringgo Eldapi , Yazid Tantri Puspita
Published: March 2024

Hindus in Pekanbaru City are migrants who come from various regions. Hindus in Pekanbaru City have a small number compared to other religions with a presentation of 0.02%. But this does not reduce their obedience in carrying out purnama and tilem rituals. This research uses a ritual perspective, where communication is not a process of message transmission but as a representation of shared beliefs. This research aims to describe the communication patterns of full moon and tilem rituals in Hindus in Pekanbaru City. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative which focuses on observation and interview. The results showed that the communication of purnama and tilem rituals in Pekanbaru City was carried out with five series of processes, namely nganteb banten, puja trisandya, kramaning sembah, hening and doa, and dharma wacana. Hindus perform purnama and tilem rituals as a form of gratitude and devotion for all the blessings that have been given by Sang Hyang Widhi.
Evaluation Of The Capability of Gas Producer Tools Using a Combination Of QFD and MCDM
Authors: Rizbudipriyana Andhika Luthfi , Rezalti Dian Tiara , Kurniawan V Reza Bayu
Published: March 2024

The LPG gas base carries gas to homes and shops using a two-wheeled motorcycle fitted with an iron basket to have gas. A design needs to be designed to make it easier to transport gas. This study aims to determine the weight of criteria that are important for consideration of design design for a gas conveyor. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a structured methodology used in product planning and development to obtain consumer needs and wishes specifications. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is a method for making alternative decisions based on specific criteria. The result of this study is the weighting of measures necessary for consideration of design for a gas conveyor of the most crucial sequence, namely: type of material used, weight, strength, size and dimensions, flexibility, maximum capacity, durability, comfort, attractive graphic design, efficiency (gallons, gas 3kg, 5.5kg, 12kg), and thickness
Minimasi Biaya Persediaan Ikan Kakap Merah PT. MMU Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
Authors: Arifin Defitria Sabrina Firdaus , Nugraha Isna
Published: March 2024

PT. MMU is an industry engaged in processing marine fish. The aim of this research is to minimize the cost of snapper supplies so that the production process becomes more efficient. The analysis begins with data on demand for red snapper in 2023. The movement of recorded demand shows fairly stable fluctuations, although there are some significant declines in certain months, data on ordering costs and storage costs, including raw material prices, ordering frequency, costs forklift, and ice cube costs, have been obtained to account for the total cost of raw material inventory. Data on fish demand, ordering costs, storage costs, and inventory factors were analyzed, resulting in an optimal order quantity of 298.98 kg per order with an order frequency of 6 times a year. Cost analysis shows potential savings of Rp. 3,078,677.43, safety stock of 127 kg and re order point of 42 kg. This research provides insight into the efficiency of inventory management at PT. MMU and its important implications for stock control in the fishing industry
Peningkatan Produktivitas Kinerja pada Universitas XYZ Menggunakan Metode Marvin E Mundel
Authors: Susiati Devi , Pradana Franky Rangga
Published: March 2024

The development of the world of education requires university institutions to continue to increase innovation and productivity so that they can be highly competitive. Factors that are very influential in improving the quality of the University are lecturers and students. For this reason, XYZ University must be able to adapt to technological developments so that it can respond quickly to global market needs. With this phenomenon, XYZ University, especially the Faculty of Engineering, needs skilled workers in the engineering field so as to produce graduates who have relevant abilities and skills. The current vision of the Faculty of Engineering is "To become a superior and competitive engineering faculty in the Southeast Asia region by 2035". To realize this vision, Engineering is required to always improve the quality of the education process, research and community service accompanied by efforts to increase its relevance in the context of global competition. In the future, FT-XYZ is expected to be able to have quality that is on par with engineering faculties from leading universities in Southeast Asia in terms of the quality of the learning process and graduates, research and community service, so that it can raise the honor and dignity of the Indonesian nation. The steps taken are to increase the productivity of workforce performance. Therefore, the Marvin E Mundel method was used to analyze performance productivity, factors that experienced increases or decreases. The results of these calculations show that the alternative chosen with the highest productivity increase value is alternative 3, namely by increasing input slightly and increasing output more. The value obtained based on alternative 3 is 256.38%, with a drastic increase of 156.38% from the initial productivity.
Simulasi Proses Picking Order dengan Metode Dedicated Storage Menggunakan Software Fleksim (Studi Kasus PT XYZ)
Authors: Amalia Diana Nur , Fayaqun Reza , Bisma M Ardhya
Published: March 2024

PT XYZ is a manufacturing company that produces food and drinks by providing quality products that are halal, high quality and safe for consumption by the public. In producing products, companies must provide several adequate facilities to support production activities, one of which is warehouse facilities. Currently, warehouses where finished food products are stored are stored randomly or placed in empty areas without paying attention to product entry and exit activities. This condition causes picking activities to take a long time and makes stock monitoring difficult. The aim of this research is to produce an appropriate goods storage design so that it can increase warehouse effectiveness. This research uses a special storage method. Where a special storage policy or method is permanently placed on each item. The number of product storage locations must meet the maximum storage space requirements and a simulation is carried out using FlexSim software. The research results show that designing goods storage using the dedicated storage method results in a reduction in the distance traveled for the collection process reaching 52%.
Penerapan Lean Manufacturing Menggunakan Value Stream Mapping pada VCT Rotor di PT. XYZ
Authors: Fathimah Amanda Nur , Winarno Winarno
Published: March 2024

XYZ is an automotive component manufacturing company with two lines of production: the Shock Absorber Line and the VCT Line. One of the products on the VCT Line is the VCT rotor, with issues surrounding waste. Utilizing Lean Manufacturing approaches using the Waste Assessment Model and the Value Stream Analysis Tools is an effective way to solve issues and enhance efficiency in the VCT rotor system and production process at PT. XYZ. Total time savings as a result of the process change is 9,108.25 seconds, and the total lead time reduction in inventory is 34 days. The highest type of waste found in the VCT rotor is inventory, which accounts for 23,29% of the total waste. Overproduction contributes to 23,23% of the waste, while defect is responsible for 19,04%.
The Role of Supply Chain Finance in Humanitarian Aid Relief : Literature Review
Authors: Mauliddina Yasmin , Kasih Puji Handayani
Published: March 2024

Humanitarian aid relief has been operational since the late 19th century, addressing development and disaster aid cases. The intricate relationship between humanitarian aid relief and the supply chain encompasses various stages, from securing funding to coordinating stakeholders. However, the volatile and uncertain nature of the field poses challenges such as corruption, prolonged funding gaps, and demands for accountability and visibility. This study highlights the critical role of funding and financing in the humanitarian supply chain, emphasizing the underdeveloped state of research on supply chain finance (SCF). The paper aims to investigate the integration of SCF into humanitarian aid relief, utilizing literature reviews from journals, papers, and reports.The findings reveal a correlation between SCF's essential elements—focused on liquidity/cash, operational activities, and engagement among actors. This research proposes a framework, how the humanitarian aid relief sequence and SCF theory should collaborate for effective humanitarian aid supply chain finance (HASCF) practices
Etnobotánica de los criollos del Chaco Subhúmedo argentino II: descripción y análisis diacrónico comparativo de la significación y del manejo de sus plantas forrajeras
Authors: Scarpa Gustavo Fabián
Published: March 2024

Introducción y objetivos: Se estudian los conocimientos sobre las plantas forrajeras de los criollos del centro-norte de la provincia del Chaco (Argentina), así como sus formas de manejo y efectos extra-alimenticios que las mismas tienen sobre el ganado. 
M&M: Se emplean entrevistas registradas a 51 pobladores criollos durante seis campañas realizadas entre 2017 y 2022. Se describen los usos en su preciso contexto socio-cultural de referencia y se compilan y actualizan datos etnobotánicos inéditos sobre la temática con los cuales se efectúa una comparación diacrónica con los actuales.
Resultados: Se registra un total de 624 datos etnobotánicos sobre 185 tipos de forrajes correspondientes a 143 taxa vegetales nativos o asilvestrados y 11 exóticos. Un total de 31 datos etnobotánicos se obtuvieron respecto a sus prácticas forrajeras, así como 34 acerca de los efectos extra-alimentarios de su ingestión. Solo la mitad del total de plantas y tipos de forrajes registrados a campo resultaron idénticos a los citados en fuentes históricas inéditas sobre la temática para el mismo complejo biocultural. En total se registran 850 datos etnobotánicos asociados a 348 plantas forrajeras.
Conclusiones: Los conocimientos sobre plantas forrajeras se hallan embebidos de un sesgo socio-cultural basado en una valoración diferencial del ganado que las consume. Este enorme volumen de conocimientos y apreciaciones del bosque nativo como fuente de mantención de sus animales de cría reafirma la elevada significación que posee su actividad ganadera como fuente de sustento para los criollos del Chaco.
КООПЕРАТИВНЕ ОНЛАЙН НАВЧАННЯ: ДИФЕРЕНЦІЙОВАНЕ ПРОФЕСІЙНО ОРІЄНТОВАНЕ ІНШОМОВНЕ СПІЛКУВАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ ІТ ФАХІВЦІВ
Authors: Синекоп Оксана
Published: March 2024

З метою ефективного формування професійно орієнтованої англомовної компетентності у майбутніх ІТ фахівців розглянуто технологію кооперативного навчання у онлайн форматі. У статті висвітлено переваги (сприяє формуванню професійно орієнтованої англомовної, соціальної, особистої і навчальної компетентностей, сприяє активному спілкуванню ІТ студентів у групах і оволодінню іноземною мовою, мотивує ІТ студентів комунікувати, дозволяє отримати досвід спілкування та вчитись на досвіді інших комунікантів, впливає на розвиток уміння критично мислити) і недоліки (дисбалансу в участі комунікантів групи, конфліктність у групі, складність дотримання часових рамок, труднощі в оцінці індивідуальних досягнень та досягнень ІТ студентів групи, технічні проблеми з інтернет-зв’язоком) кооперативного навчання. Специфіка кооперативного навчання професійно орієнтованого англомовного спілкування в онлайн форматі включає: використання різноманітних цифрових інструментів; охоплення різних видів мовленнєвої діяльності для формування професійно орієнтованої англомовної компетентності; формування груп за допомогою генераторів випадкових груп або дозволу студентам самостійно обирати собі партнерів; окреслення цілей і очікуваних результатів; залучення професійно орієнтованої тематики; регулярний моніторинг; практика рефлексування; зворотний зв'язок і оцінка студентів групи. Також окреслено особливості впровадження диференціації професійно орієнтованого англомовного спілкування майбутніх ІТ фахівців в умовах кооперативного онлайн навчання (диференціація групи відповідно до рівня володіння іноземною мовою та навчального стилю; розподіл ролей в групі; створення завдань різних рівнів складності; гнучке групування студентів для виконання різних завдань; забезпечення студентів скаффолдингом, як з боку викладача, так і студентів; практикування взаємонавчання). Кооперативне навчання ґрунтується на таких принципах: самостійності і гармонійної взаємозалежності учасників спілкування; активного іншомовного навчання; розвитку фахової комунікативності; пропорційного внеску кожного у вирішення завдання групи; константного контролю.
Addition to the myxomycete biota of Vietnam
Authors: Luptakova A. D. , Novozhilov Yu. K. , Pham T. H. G.
Published: March 2024

During the study of materials from Vietnam collected in 2011–2019 and stored in the herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (LE) we identified specimens of 15 species and four varieties of myxomycetes, which have not been previously reported for the country. Among them, Licea verrucispora, Paradiacheopsis fimbriata, Perichaena areolata, P. luteola, Physarum dictyosporum, Reticularia splendens, Stemonaria gracilis are reported for the first time in Southeast Asia. The data on their localities, habitats, substrate, and distribution are provided.
Historical roots of the Azerbaijani language in dialects
Authors: Huseynova Hajar
Published: March 2024

Scientific facts have proven that the dialects of the Turkic peoples already existed in the 7th century. Later, certain historical changes took place. As a result of extralinguistic influences, dialects with unique language characteristics were formed in conditions of gradual development, based on geographical influences, around the 11th century. Archaic elements that are still alive today in the dialects of the Azerbaijani language are also used in other Turkic languages. This proves that the historical roots of Turkish languages and Turkic peoples are preserved in dialects.
Numerical and physical instability of subglacial water flow
Authors: Warburton Katarzyna , Meyer Colin , Sommers Aleah
Published: March 2024

The sliding speed of glaciers depends strongly on the water pressure at the ice-sediment interface, which is controlled by the efficiency of water transport through a subglacial hydrological system. The least efficient component of the system is a `distributed' uniform sheet flow everywhere beneath the ice, whereas the `channelised' drainage through large, thermally eroded conduits is more efficient. To understand the conditions under which the subglacial network channelises, we perform a linear stability analysis of distributed flow, considering competition between thermal erosion and viscous ice collapse. We derive a stability criterion and determine the minimum subglacial meltwater flux needed for channels to form. We demonstrate the need to include lateral heat diffusion when modeling melt incision to resolve channel widths. We also show that low numerical resolution can suppress channel formation and lead to overestimates of water pressure. We demonstrate the applicability of linear stability results to predicting the character of subglacial hydrological networks without recourse to numerical modeling.
The mismeasure of culture: When measurement invariance requirements hinder social-psychological research
Authors: Kusano Kodai , Napier Jaime L. , Jost John
Published: March 2024

This article critically assesses the role of measurement invariance techniques in psychology and cross-national research. Despite growing awareness of the need for cross-cultural equivalence in social psychological studies, tension exists between proponents of measurement invariance and practitioners who may find recommended standards overly strict and impractical. We show why measurement invariance standards are so difficult to achieve and propose alternative methods for determining cross-cultural equivalence. We begin by recounting the historical origins of these techniques, which emerged from controversies over comparative studies of intelligence, and contrast these with the philosophical assumptions of neighboring fields in cross-national research. Through simulation and empirical data, we contend that whereas measurement invariance is instrumental for scales that assess individual differences, it is potentially problematic and even untenable when investigating constructs that systematically vary between national and other social groups. Study 1 illustrates why multigroup comparisons with closed-ended scales so often violate measurement invariance. Study 2 takes the General System Justification Scale as a case study to demonstrate external validity with structural indicators of social mobility and societal well-being, despite not meeting strict measurement invariance standards. We conclude that rigid adherence to measurement invariance standards is not necessary to draw meaningful cross-national comparisons. Instead, we propose an alternative approach that prioritizes external validity and exploratory analyses. We offer conceptual guidelines for using measurement invariance testing wisely for social psychological inquiry, rather than allowing blanket misconceptions to hinder cross-national research.
The Message Matters: Changes to Binary Computer Aided Detection Recommendations Affect Cancer Detection in Low Prevalence Search
Authors: Patterson Francesca , Kunar Melina
Published: March 2024

Computer Aided Detection (CAD) has been used to help readers find cancers in mammograms. Although these automated systems have been shown to help cancer detection when accurate, the presence of CAD also leads to an over-reliance effect where miss errors and false alarms increase when the CAD system fails. Previous research investigated CAD systems which overlayed salient exogenous cues onto the image to highlight suspicious areas. These salient cues capture attention which may exacerbate the over-reliance effect. Furthermore, overlaying CAD cues directly on the mammogram occludes sections of breast tissue which may disrupt global statistics useful for cancer detection. In this study we investigated whether an over-reliance effect occurred with a binary CAD system, which instead of overlaying a CAD cue onto the mammogram, reported a message alongside the mammogram indicating the possible presence of a cancer. We manipulated the certainty of the message and whether it was presented only to indicate the presence of a cancer, or whether a message was displayed on every mammogram to state whether a cancer was present or absent. The results showed that although an over-reliance effect still occurred with binary CAD systems miss errors were reduced when the CAD message was more definitive and only presented to alert readers of a possible cancer.
Stronger Conspiracy Beliefs are Associated with a Stronger Tendency to Act Dishonestly and an Overestimation of Others’ Dishonesty
Authors: Alper Sinan , Toribio-Flórez Daniel , Capraro Valerio , Douglas Karen
Published: March 2024

Conspiracy theories assert that others have engaged in dishonest actions. However, existing research indicates that individuals who believe in conspiracy theories may themselves be more inclined to engage in dishonest behavior. We conducted two pre-registered studies— one in Turkey (N = 706) and the other in Canada (N = 835) and South Africa, (N = 867)— testing the hypotheses that conspiracy beliefs would be positively correlated with (i) dishonest behavior during a monetary incentivized lying task and (ii) overestimating the prevalence of dishonesty among other people. Overall, we found that stronger conspiracy beliefs were associated with higher dishonesty. Participants tended to overestimate dishonesty among their peers, but this tendency was significantly more pronounced among people with stronger conspiracy beliefs. Contrary to our hypothesis, country-level corruption did not moderate this association. These results shed light on the complex relationship between conspiracy beliefs, dishonesty, and expectations of dishonesty.
Individualized Models of Social Judgments and Context-Dependent Representations
Authors: Albohn Daniel N , Uddenberg Stefan , Todorov Alexander
Published: March 2024

How individuals view the world is critical to understanding human behavior. Yet, almost all research within perception and judgment has drawn inferences from group-level behavior, with little work focused on understanding how the individual perceives their world. However, for complex judgments (e.g., trustworthiness), most of the meaningful variance is due to factors specific to the individual. Here we showcase a data-driven reverse correlation method for visualizing any perceptually-derived stereotype at the individual level. We show that our method 1) produces photorealistic and reliable results related to a broad range of judgments, 2) produces valid, psychologically-aligned representations of what individuals are imagining “in their mind’s eye”, and 3) is capable of capturing visual representations sensitive enough to examine context-dependent categories (e.g., a trustworthy individual to babysit your children vs. to fix your car). Across all studies, we highlight the theoretical implications and utility of developing idiosyncratic models of visual perception.
Vedic Literature and Its Universal Concepts: Rishi, Devata and Chanda
Authors: Sharma Krishna Chandra
Published: March 2024

Rishi, Devata, Chanda, are the three foundational pillars of the four Vedas: Rik,Yaju, Sama and Atharva. Each of these four is collection of mantra and mantra collection is called Samhita. Each Samhita consists of Brahmana, Aranyaka and Upanisad texts and these are interpretive texts of Samhita. Both Samhita and interpretive texts form the vast body of Vedic literature. Samhitas are original texts whereas Brahmana and Aranyaka are their interpretations, and the Upanisads are philosophic texts of the Vedas. Rishi, Devata and Chanda are formative elements of the Vedas. Rishis are the wise scholars who have realized Vedic mantras and handed the same to their disciples which in the long run develop different Sakha or branches of each Veda and such sakha altogether were 1131 and now only 26 sakha with their texts are available. Concept of Devata is suggestive of the theme and the subject matter of Vedic literature. In the Vedas Devatas are representatives of divine entity having certain physical form. The sun, the wind/ Indra and Agni (fire) are three Devata of the space, interspace and the earth. Vedas discusses One Almighty Brahma/ Purusha taking different forms as Devata based on various performances. Each Vedic Samhita and all interpretive literature follow structural pattern and especially Rigveda follows rigid metrical pattern. Each mantra of Vedic literature demands proper understanding of its Rishi, Devata and Chanda in order to capture its true spirit.
Tetracycline susceptibility in multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples in tertiary care hospitals of Kathmandu, Nepal.
Authors: Ghimire Lata , Banjara Megha Raj , Abdulla Abdelkodose Mohammed Hussen
Published: March 2024

Staphylococcus aureus, being an opportunistic pathogen, is frequently associated with various infections in human. The clinical sector feels challenge regarding the management of multidrug resistant S. aureus. Besides the B-lactam antibiotics, Glycopeptides, Tetracycline, Quinolones, Macrolide-lincosamide streptogramin B family of antibiotics are also commonly prescribed to deal with such infections as an alternative drug. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess tetracycline susceptibility in multidrug resistant S. aureus in clinical samples. This study was conducted over the period of 15 months from March 2020–May 2021. The clinical samples were collected from the three different tertiary care hospitals of Kathmandu, Dirghayu Guru Hospital, Chabahil, Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, Bhaktapur, and Shankarapur Hospital, Jorpati. The sample processing and laboratory work was carried out in the Microbiology Laboratory of Dirghyau Guru Hospital to determine the proportion of different phenotypes of MDR among S. aureus and their association with methicillin resistance. Two hundred sixty six isolates of S. aureus were included in the study. Methicillin resistance was detected by cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Among 2004 clinical samples processed, 266 (13.27%) isolates were S. aureus. The multidrug resistant strain isolated from OPD was 56.84% (54/95) and from inpatient was 43.15% (41/95). Among the 266 S. aureus, 28.94% MRSA and 71.05% MSSA isolates were detected. Tetracycline resistance was found in 9.8% of total S. aureus isolates whereas 27.36% (26/95) among MDR S. aureus isolates. Resistance to Tetracycline was higher in MRSA as compared to MSSA. Detection rate of MRSA in this study shows the necessity to improve health care practices to control MRSA infections. Tetracycline can be used as an alternative antibiotic against the S. aureus infection.
Role of ‘Stage Theory of Bereavement,’ ‘Dual Process Model (DPM)’ and Spirituality in Dealing with Grief During Illness Experience in Cancer Patients
Authors: Ismail Shehenaz , Mohamad Mardiana , Hanum Abdul Khaiyom Jamilah , Adawiah Dzulkifli Mariam
Published: March 2024

When individuals experience terminal illness based on their internalization of the illness, the construction of meaning and the adjustments made by the individual to accommodate changes that has occurred due to the illness, influences their cognitive and emotional representations based on the illness perception (Leventhal et al., 2001). The illness experience of some individuals leads them to experiences different types of losses and grief.  According to Kubler Ross’ theory of loss and grief (2009), there are five stages of bereavement to cope with the grief experiences. Kubler Ross states that the individual goes through 5 stages of bereavement or grief while the Dual Process Model states the individual oscillates between the loss-oriented stressor and the restoration-oriented stressor. In addition, some researchers have found that spirituality is also a mechanism used to cope with loss and grief experiences. The aim of this paper is to examine an evaluate the theoretical frame works of The Dual Process Model of Coping with Bereavement (DPM) (Stroebe & Schut, 1999) the 5 Stages of Bereavement by Kubler Ross (Martin & Privette,1989), along with trying to understand the role of religion or spirituality to deal with loss and grief experiences among terminally ill patients such as patients with cancer.
 
Key words: illness experience, loss and grief, Stage theory, Dual Process Model, Spirituality
Capital withdrawal from Kazakhstan: Challenges and prospects of the recovery mechanism for stolen assets
Authors:   Karaganda Buketov University, Albekova M.G. , Gilmour P. ,   University of Portsmouth
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research article isto study the problem of capital withdrawal from Kazakhstan and the importance of returning stolen assets in protecting the property rights of citizens, organizations and the state. The article examines the multi-step process of returning criminal money, highlighting the complexities and difficulties such as identifying assets, identifying their beneficiaries and returning them to the country of origin. The article reviews the legal framework of international and national legislation on the return of stolenassets, as well as the positive experience of Kazakhstan and other countries in this direction. The focus is on the new law of the Republic of Kazakhstan of July 12, 2023, which focuses on the return of illegally acquired assets to the state. In addition,the article provides an overview of the challenges and prospects in addressing this pressing problem and emphasizes the need for effective measures to restore social justice in society. This paper discusses in detail the challenges countries face in recovering stolen assets in the context of existing differences in legal systems, increasing financial flows, and offshore zones.
The Regime as a primary means of correction for convicts: theory and practice
Authors:   Toraighyrov University, Zhamuldinov V.N. , Shakenov A.O. ,   Karaganda Buketov University
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the specifics of a correctional tool, such as the regime, which is part of the system of correctional measures for prisoners and is intended by the legislator to contribute to the achievement of the declared goals of the criminal and penal enforcement legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is empha-sized that the regime, being the main means of correcting convicts, is in fact not such, but has turned into a total means of controlling convicts and what is especially worth noting, taking into account the penetration of modern means of technical control into places of deprivation of liberty, provokes a contingent of criminal en-vironment to resist this type of supervision from which you cannot escape, which leads to this type of viola-tion of the established procedure for serving a sentence, such as damage to technical equipment (video cam-eras). The work makes an attempt to compare the regime with other means of correction in institutions of var-ious security and as a result, the authors offer their proposals for inclusion in Kazakhstan’s criminal and pris-on legislation, along the way, an understanding of the role and place of the regime among other main means of correction of convicts and its purpose is proposed and voiced, and also proposals were formulated for criminal legislation in the form of a separate article draft.
Introduction
Authors: Gibson Sarah , Pearce Lynne
Published: March 2024

The past decade or so has seen a proliferation of introductions, handbooks, and companions to mobilities studies, all of which have played a crucial role in defining and developing the field.1 These overviews have proved especially important in maintaining the purpose and integrity of mobilities scholarship as it has expanded into a multidisciplinary phenomenon whose status (“paradigm”? “subject area”? “field”?) has become increasingly hard to pin down.2 Over time, these multiple applications and interventions have added ever more depth and complexity to what mobilities—as an interpretative framework—can achieve, but its popularization has not been without risk. For example, there has been a tendency within (some) humanities research for “mobility” to be understood merely as a synonym for movement (e.g., transport, travel, migration, etc.) rather than the complex system of power- inscribed social, discursive, and political mobile practices envisaged by Tim Cresswell, Mimi Sheller, John Urry, and Peter Adey (albeit in slightly different ways).3 Handbooks, encyclopedias, and special issues are thus invaluable in keeping the principles that first informed mobilities scholarship in view to new generations of scholars, and it is our hope that this double issue—on mobilities and/as pedagogy—will make a distinctive contribution to these ongoing debates. As every teacher knows, the “classroom” (broadly conceived) is the one place where it is impossible to “fudge” what a concept—or body of knowledge—means and why it matters, and we believe the nine articles gathered together here make an excellent case for why attention to pedagogy is a sure means of maintaining the rigor, as well as the innovation, of mobilities scholarship. Although the second decade of mobilities research gave rise to several important publications on “mobile methods” more widely, this is the first publication to focus specifically on pedagogy, even though most of us who conduct research in the field also incorporate it into our teaching and public engagement work.
Mobility Edges
Authors: Schapendonk Joris , Wajsberg Mirjam
Published: March 2024

This article presents a concept in motion that we call mobility edges. It is developed by combining and comparing insights from different academic fields such as ecology, economic geography, and citizenship studies, and addressing the importance of (disciplinary) edges as spaces of transition. Analogously, mobility edges can be seen as the transition zones, hybridities, overlaps, and porous boundaries between seemingly different types of mobility. Through the concept of mobility edges, we seek to enrich discussion around the politics of mobility. We shift our attention from unpacking particular types of mobility by its composite elements to “transitional zones” and relational politics that (re)produce mobilities in tandem. Edge-thinking, so we argue, not only shakes up the puzzling academic separation of mobilities studies and migration studies but also helps us understand how mobilities are shared and unshared across difference. In our conclusion, we reflect on how “edge” is a hopeful alternative for the terminology of borders that is so dominantly present in Europe (and elsewhere) today.
ВИСОКОМІЦНІ ШЛАКОЛУЖНІ ЦЕМЕНТИ ДЛЯ ШВИДКОГО РЕМОНТУ ТА ЗВЕДЕННЯ БЕТОННИХ СПОРУД
Authors: Кривенко П. В. , Петропавловський О. М. , Вознюк Г. В. , Лакуста С. О.
Published: March 2024

У статті описано дослідження з направленої модифікації високоміцних шлаколужних цементів для використання у розчинах і бетонах при швидкому ремонті пошкоджених  та зведенні нових бетонних споруд та представлено отримані результати.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ВИСОКОМІЦНИХ КЕРАМЗИТОБЕТОНІВ В КАРКАСНО-МОНОЛІТНОМУ БУДІВНИЦТВІ
Authors: Пушкарьова К. К. , Каверин К. О.
Published: March 2024

В статті наведені результати дослідження щодо підвищення міцності керамзитобетону за рахунок використання комплексної органо-кремнеземистої добавки.
ВРАХУВАННЯ ПОВЗУЧОСТІ БЕТОНУ В РОЗРАХУНКАХ ПРОГИНІВ ЗГИНАЛЬНИХ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ
Authors: Бабіч Є. Є. , Бабич Є. М.
Published: March 2024

Проаналізовані існуючі розрахункові формули для визначення прогинів залізобетонних балок та висвітлені їх недоліки. Запропоновані кореговані формули, які відповідають фізичній суті повзучості бетону, враховують результати вітчизняних досліджень і гармонізовані з європейським стандартом та задовільно збігаються з експериментальними даними
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ХАРАКТЕРУ РОЗПОДІЛУ НАПРУГИ ТА ПЕРЕМІЩЕНЬ БІЛЯ ВЕРШИНИ ТРІЩИНИ В ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТАХ
Authors: Дорофєєв В С , Зінченко Г В , Романюк В В
Published: March 2024

В даній статті досліджені особливості напружено-деформованого стану  в околі вершини тріщини в залізобетонних елементах за допомогою методу комплексних потенціалів. У роботі наведено асимптотичний аналіз напружено-деформованого стану біля вершини тріщини нормального відриву.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УЛАШТУВАННЯ МОНОЛІТНИХ ПЛОСКИХ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ПЕРЕКРИТТІВ З ВСТАВКАМИ
Authors: Мельник І В , Сорохтей В М , Приставський Т В , Грушка Р
Published: March 2024

З досвіду використання на практиці наведено технологічні фактори, які є важливими при улаштуванні монолітних плоских залізобетонних перекриттів з вставками.
УТОЧНЕНА РОЗРАХУНКОВА СХЕМА ПІДВІСНОЇ БУДІВЛІ
Authors: Азізов Т Н
Published: March 2024

Наведена уточнена методика розрахунку динамічних зусиль в підвісній сейсмічно безпечній будівлі. Методика ґрунтується на складанні і рішенні рівнянь Лагранжа другого роду. Наведена кількісна оцінка ступеня зменшення динамічних зусиль в запропонованій будівлі в порівняння із будівлею, яка працює за консольною схемою.