bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aligning Action Research and Restorative Justice: Highlighting Epistemological Tensions
Authors: Pali Brunilda
Published: May 2019

The epistemology of participatory action research sets a high agenda for pursuing and engendering change oriented towards social justice. This article is based on a participatory action research project, anchored both in the principles of restorative justice and action research. The project aimed at mobilizing local participation, knowledge and resources and creating restorative dialogue and encounters in handling social conflicts in intercultural settings in four different countries. Restorative justice and action research are highly compatible in terms of some of their core principles, but the project revealed important tensions that this article will reflect upon. Zooming into a town in Hungary – one of the four action research sites – the article addresses these tensions by focusing on two central themes. The first theme, encountering the silence and micropolitics, relates to the challenges created in the site, due to our encounter with its micropolitics and the existing ‘culture of silence’ about social conflicts. How should researchers enter a site, how far should they stir the depths of conflicts and disturb the silence and status quo in order to unearth injustices, multiply narratives, and stage different perspectives? The second theme, rethinking conflict participation, relates to the tension created between a more naïve idea of participation and a more antagonistic one. In restorative justice, it is often assumed that if everybody were included and participated in restorative processes, staging their different perspectives, then consensus could be reached. But considering the possibility that different views cannot be reconciled, and power relations cannot be suspended, we need to rethink the meaning of conflict participation in restorative praxis.
Was sind eigentlich liberale Friedensstrategien? Theoretische Annahmen, politische Kontexte und partikulare Spielarten
Authors: Hegemann Hendrik
Published: May 2019

Modern liberal peace strategies emerged from specific theoretical traditions, empirical insights and historical contexts. At the same time, they have evolved over time and come in different fashions, sometimes even contradicting each other. Hence, their meaning is not self-evident. In order to better understand what liberal peace strategies are and mean, this article traces their general background, describes their classic comprehensive version and alerts to more specific versions prioritizing specific elements of liberal thinking.
Postmoderne Kriegführung in der Weltrisikogesellschaft als Herausforderung für eine liberale Friedensordnung
Authors: Ehrhart Hans-Georg
Published: May 2019

Postmodern warfare in the 21st century can in simple terms be described as a combination of traditional and modern, indirect and direct, regular and irregular, symmetric and asymmetric, military and civilian components, following the postmodern motto of anything goes. On the one hand, its use is supposed to limit warfare. On the other hand, it tends to de-bound warfare due to its inevitable boomerang effects. New ways of warfare are due to minimize own casualties and to alleviate the waging of wars or interventions. The phenomenon of postmodern warfare raises a host of questions that comprise political, theoretical, conceptual, legal, ethical, and practical aspects.
Russlands Statusstreben und die liberale internationale Ordnung. Was eine Emotionen-fokussierte Analyse der Beziehungen zwischen Russland und dem Westen zutage fördert
Authors: Helle Regina
Published: May 2019

Despite continued weak economic performance, Russia displays high determination to increase its global influence. On the one hand, hard power and the use of violence play a much greater role as foreign policy tools than a few years ago. On the other hand, Russia seems to be pursuing the goal of overthrowing the liberal international order, thereby also accepting long-term distortions of relations especially with the West. What are the links between Russia’s conflict-laden, aggressive foreign policy and the liberal international order? In this article, the conflictual dynamics between Russia and the West are primarily understood as conflicts over social status. An emotion-focused analysis of official Russian speech between 1994 and 2015 shows how the subjective status expectations of Russian decision-makers have affected their attitudes and policies towards the West and the post-Cold War liberal order.
Verschonung von Kulturgütern vor der Zerstörung: ein überregionaler Vergleich islamistischer Gruppierungen
Authors: Pfäffinger Jonas
Published: May 2019

The present article examines the sparing of cultural heritage by Islamic fundamentalist groups. Several incidents are compared regionally, considering the so-called Islamic State in Syria and Iraq as well as the Taliban in Afghanistan and Ansar al-Dine in Mali. It appears that despite regional differences certain motives are generally valid, not only regarding religious legitimation but also media-oriented acting. It is argued that the examined Islamist groups try to reach out to a local, regional or global audience. Thereby, Islamist groups’ reactions depend on the question if an object constitutes a cultural signifier which provides a source of identity for certain groups.
El futuro de las provincias y las diputaciones provinciales ante una reforma de la Constitución territorial
Authors: Tajadura Tejada Javier
Published: May 2019

Este artículo es una contribución al debate sobre la conveniencia o no de suprimir las diputaciones provinciales (de régimen común). El trabajo expone el origen y la evolución del régimen provincial en España, desde 1812, y examina después el marco constitucional vigente y su desarrollo legislativo. Con esas premisas se analiza el principal argumento para justificar el mantenimiento de las Diputaciones provinciales: el minifundismo municipal, y se confronta con la praxis de los últimos años. En este contexto se defiende la intermunicipalidad como respuesta más lógica y coherente (también en el Derecho comparado) a un mapa municipal excesivamente fragmentado y se propone la supresión de las diputaciones provinciales.This article is a contribution to the debate on whether or not to abolish provincial councils. The work exposes the origin and evolution of the provincial regime in Spain, since 1812, and then examines the current constitutional framework and its legislative development. With these premises is analyzed the main argument to justify the maintenance of provincial councils: municipal minifundismo, and is confronted with the praxis of recent years. In this context, intermunicipality is defended as the most logical and coherent response (also in comparative law) to an excessively fragmented municipal map and the suppression of provincial councils is proposed.
El nuevo mapa de partidos en las Comunidades Autónomas y sus efectos en la forma de gobierno: «Mucho ruido y pocas nueces»
Authors: Aranda Álvarez Elviro
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo analiza la aparición de nuevas fuerzas políticas en el ámbito de las CCAA y su incidencia en el sistema de gobierno. Lo primero que observamos es que pese a esa nueva situación las estrategias de poder han variado poco y los nuevos partidos pronto se han integrado en la dinámica del sistema. Es cierto que vivimos un nuevo tiempo parlamentario en el que el pluralismo de grupos es mucho más significativo, pero ello no ha generado gran inestabilidad institucional. Probablemente porque no solo el sistema electoral incide en garantizar la estabilidad sino que también la racionalización parlamentaria hace que, una vez que se ha conseguido la investidura, el Gobierno disponga de una «sobre alimentación» con la que controlar la vida política y, en particular, la parlamentaria.This paper analyses the emergence of new political forces in the Autonomous Communities and their impact on the governmental system. The first thing we observe is that despite this new situation, power strategies have changed little and the new parties soon integrated into the dynamics of the system. It is true that we live in new parliamentary times in which the pluralism of groups is much more significant, but this has not generated great institutional instability. Stability is ensured probably not only due to the electoral system but also parliamentary rationalization which means that, after the investiture, the Government has an “overload” with which to control political and, in particular, parliamentary life.
La iniciativa popular de referéndum
Authors: Garrido López Carlos
Published: May 2019

La iniciativa popular de referéndum es la facultad atribuida a un número de ciudadanos o a un porcentaje de ellos para instar la celebración de un referéndum sobre una cuestión política de interés general o sobre un texto normativo, remitiendo al cuerpo electoral la decisión sobre su oportunidad, su aprobación o su abrogación. A diferencia de la iniciativa de referéndum atribuida a los entes subcentrales en algunos Estados compuestos y de la iniciativa otorgada a las minorías parlamentarias, el reconocimiento de la iniciativa popular de referéndum está bastante extendido en el Derecho comparado. Donde está instituida, sirve para enfrentar la pasividad o falta de receptividad de los legisladores e impulsar la adopción de reformas constitucionales o legislativas. Y puede servir para controlar y corregir el resultado de los procesos parlamentarios de formación de la voluntad general. En este trabajo analizamos la regulación comparada de las iniciativas populares que tienen por objeto la convocatoria de referéndums propositivos sobre normas y decisiones de transcendencia nacional, de ratificación de leyes votadas y no sancionadas y de abrogación de leyes en vigor. También abordamos los intentos de regulación de la iniciativa popular de referéndum habidos en España, con especial atención a la proposición de reforma constitucional aprobada por la Junta General del Principado de Asturias, aún pendiente de toma en consideración.Citizens’ initiative for referendum is the power attributed to a number of citizens or to a percentage of them to trigger a referendum concerning a political question of general interest or a legislative text, thus giving the electorate the decision regarding its relevance, approval or repeal. Unlike initiatives for referendum attributed to sub-central entities in some composite states and initiatives granted to parliamentary minorities, citizens’ initiative for referendum is generally acknowledged in comparative law. Where introduced, citizens’ initiative for referendum is used to tackle the passivity or lack of receptiveness of legislators and to promote the adoption of constitutional or legislative reforms; it can also be used to control and correct the result of parliamentary processes involved in the formation of the general will. In this study, we will analyse the comparative regulation and practice of citizens’ initiatives whose purpose is the holding of propositional referendums concerning rules and decisions of national importance, the ratification of voted but not enacted laws and the repeal of laws in force. We will also study the attempts to regulate citizens’ initiatives in Spain, paying special attention to the proposal for constitutional reform approved by the General Board of the Principality of Asturias, which is still pending consideration.
Los derechos sociales en el constitucionalismo de la crisis: una perspectiva comparada
Authors: Franco Ferrari Giuseppe
Published: May 2019

El artículo aborda, en una perspectiva comparada, las formas en que la última crisis económica se ha reflejado en el tratamiento del sistema de derechos sociales de algunos Estados occidentales. El examen de las experiencias, con especial referencia al papel de la jurisprudencia, de los sistemas jurídicos considerados muestra que cada Estado ha respondido a los efectos de la crisis, en materia de derechos sociales, en función de sus características nacionales. Por ejemplo, donde hay un fuerte conflicto entre las autoridades locales y el Estado, la cuestión de los derechos sociales se ha cruzado con la territorial. También emergen las peculiaridades derivadas de los diferentes métodos de juicio de los Tribunales constitucionales y supremos.The article addresses, in a comparative perspective, the ways in which the last economic crisis has been reflected in the treatment of the social rights system of some western States. The examination of the experiences, with special reference to the role of jurisprudence, of the legal systems considered shows that each State has responded to the effects of the crisis, in terms of social rights, according to its national characteristics. For example, where there is a strong conflict between local authorities and the State, the issue of social rights has been crossed with territorial issues. The peculiarities derived from the different methods of judgment of the constitutional and supreme courts also emerge clearly.
La tramitación de la reforma constitucional mediante procedimientos legislativos abreviados: un problema de límites procedimentales
Authors: Gómez Lugo Yolanda
Published: May 2019

¿Pueden las Cámaras tramitar las iniciativas de reforma constitucional aplicando simultáneamente los procedimientos parlamentarios de reforma constitucional y procedimientos legislativos abreviados? Más específicamente, ¿puede considerarse que los métodos de lectura única y urgencia son procedimientos adecuados para tramitar la revisión de la Constitución? En el Auto 9/2012 el Tribunal Constitucional parece haberse decantado por la tesis de la simultaneidad procedimental, conforme a la cual los procedimientos de reforma constitucional podrían aplicarse transversalmente junto a las técnicas procedimentales de lectura única y de urgencia. Sin embargo, haciendo una interpretación sistemática de las normas constitucionales y parlamentarias que regulan el modo de producción legislativa, es posible deducir que dichas modalidades abreviadas actúan como límites procedimentales en la tramitación parlamentaria de la revisión de la Constitución.Can the Parliament process constitutional reform initiatives applying the procedures of constitutional reform and abbreviated legislative procedures simultaneously? More specifically, can it be considered that the method of single reading and the urgent procedure are adequate for processing the revision of the Constitution? In the decision ATC 9/2012 the Constitutional Court seems to have embraced the thesis of procedural simultaneity, according to which the procedures of constitutional reform could be applied transversally along with the legislative techniques of single reading and urgency. However, making a systematic interpretation of constitutional and parliamentary rules governing the lawmaking process, it might be argued that these kind of abbreviates procedures act as procedural limits in the parliamentary processing of the constitutional revision.
La implantación del ‘voto rogado’ en España: el perjudicial límite a la participación electoral de los españoles residentes en el extranjero a punto de enmendarse
Authors: Mateos Crespo José Luis
Published: May 2019

La reforma de 2011 de la legislación electoral, relativa al voto de los españoles en el extranjero, ha generado un debate político y social desde su aprobación sobre la conveniencia de mantener el denominado voto rogado. El cambio legal buscaba incrementar las garantías en el ejercicio del derecho al sufragio activo en el exterior, pero realmente incorporó una traba más al procedimiento dificultando la participación electoral de los españoles residentes en el extranjero. Como consecuencia, las cifras de participación de españoles en el extranjero en los procesos electorales celebrados desde 2011, son inferiores a las registradas antes de la reforma. Recientemente, la Subcomisión parlamentaria para la reforma electoral debate una modificación legal para derogar el voto rogado, aunque todavía no existe un acuerdo unánime en torno a la nueva fórmula para el ejercicio del derecho al voto de los españoles residentes en el extranjero.The reform of electoral legislation about the vote of Spanish citizens residing abroad has generated a political and social debate on the convenience of maintaining the so-called “voto rogado” since its approval in 2011. The legal change sought to increase the guarantees in the exercise of the right to active suffrage abroad, but it actually incorporated another obstacle in the procedure, making it difficult for Spanish residents abroad to vote. As a result, the voter turnout rates of Spanish citizens residing abroad in the electoral processes held from 2011 are lower than those registered before this reform. Recently, the Parliamentary Subcommittee for the electoral reform is debating a legal amendment to repeal “voto rogado”, although there is still no unanimous agreement around the new formula for exercising the right to vote of Spanish citizens residing abroad.
Om "Poetik"
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Forord
Wittgensteins æstetik
Authors: Siggaard Hans
Published: May 2019

Wittgensteins æstetik
Rettelser
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Rettelser
Tre parter her særlig glæde af Arenas abonnementserie
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Tre parter her særlig glæde af Arenas abonnementserie
En ren kritik?
Authors: Brandt Per Aage
Published: May 2019

En ren kritik?
Filmsemiologi
Authors: Toft Jens
Published: May 2019

En inddeling af det filmiske forløb i størrelser, der fremtræder som en manifestation af et bagvedliggende system.
Debat
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Om Jens Juhl Jensen: "Poesi og taleforhold. Tibuls elegier". I Poetik I.I.
Mellem litteraturvidenskab og filosofi
Authors: Grodal Torben
Published: May 2019

Debat om Knut Hanneborg: "The Study of Literature"
Om logiske konstruktions-forskelle mellem "talesprog" og "skriftsprog"
Authors: Brask Peter
Published: May 2019

Et metode-exempel
Da subjektivitet og objektivtet blev adskilt
Authors: Wentzel Knud
Published: May 2019

Om naturalismen og fortolkningen af J.P. Jacobsens "Mogens"
Debat om Jens Juhl Jensen: "Poesi og talforhold. Tibuls elegier", i poetik I.I
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Karsten Olesen: Juhl Jensen eller TibulIvan Boserup: Hvem skrev Tibul for?Jens Juhl Jensen: Tibuls poetiske teknik - et svar til Karsten Juhl Jensen og Ivan Boserup
Bestillingsseddel og Poetik bibliotek I & II
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Bestillingsseddel og Poetik bibliotek I & II
Fiktivitet og semiologi
Authors: Brandt Per Aage
Published: May 2019

Fiktivitet og semiologi
Jeg-novellen
Authors: Nielsen Erik
Published: May 2019

Med stadigt hensyn til Peter Seeberg
Tekstens teori
Authors: Brandt Per Aage
Published: May 2019

Tekstens teori
Om Propp's "Morphology of the Folktale"
Authors: Røder Viggo
Published: May 2019

Om Propp's "Morphology of the Folktale"
Om forskellen mellem de konventionelle og de såkaldt naturlige tegn
Authors: Kjørup Søren
Published: May 2019

Om forskellen mellem de konventionelle og de såkaldt naturlige tegn
Den falske historicitet eller litteraturens maskerade
Authors: Pittelkow Ralf
Published: May 2019

Analyse af historiesynet i "Salammbô" og L'Éducation sentimentale" (2. udg.)
Nogle aspekter af en generativ-transformationel tekstteori
Authors: Dijk T.A. Van
Published: May 2019

Nogle aspekter af en generativ-transformationel tekstteori
Seksualitet og tekstualitet/ Color Love 3
Authors: Brandt Per Aage
Published: May 2019

Seksualitet og tekstualitet/ Color Love 3
Kritik af en ukritisk kritik
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Debat
Lykken er...
Authors: Holmgaard Jørgen
Published: May 2019

En kortfattet analyse af Henrik Pontoppidans"Lykke Per"
Indledning
Authors: Holmgaard Jørgen
Published: May 2019

Forord
Ælling og ørn
Authors: Grodal Torben Kragh
Published: May 2019

Handlingsopbygning og værdiunivers i "Den grimme ælling" og "Ørneflugt"
Hvorfor skrive, når vi dog skal dø?
Authors: Olsen Ole Andkjær
Published: May 2019

En analyse af J.P. Jacobsens Arabesk til en Haandtegning af Michel Angelo
Kontinuitetens abstrakte overvindelse
Authors: Madsen Peter
Published: May 2019

Kontinuitetens abstrakte overvindelse
Det er (ikke) rartat være fremmedgjort
Authors: Pittelkow Ralf
Published: May 2019

Analyse af "Tænk på et tal"og "Hændeligt uheld"
Samfundskritik eller sjælepleje?
Authors: Holmgaard Jørgen , Pittelkow Ralf
Published: May 2019

Aage Henriksen og "Fiskerne"
Litteratur om litteratur
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Munksgaard
Om økonomiens teori og teoriens økonomi
Authors: Olsen Ole Andkjær
Published: May 2019

Bidrag til konsumtionens semiotik
Subjekt, Eventyr og Narratologi
Authors: Røder Viggo
Published: May 2019

Børge Hansen: Folkeeventyr, Struktur og Genre, Munksgaard 1971
Kunsten og den forvaltede verden
Authors: Secher Claus
Published: May 2019

En analyse af Theodor W. Adornos æstetiske teori og litteraturkritiske praksis
Begrebsdannelsernes uomgængelige ødselhed
Authors: Madsen Peter
Published: May 2019

Bemærkninger til Per Aage Brandts efterskrift i Georges Bataille : Den indre erfaring  (Rhodos 1972)
Med-verden eller om-verden
Authors: Thau Carsten
Published: May 2019

Om den samfundsmæssige væren og den menneskelige tænkning
Indledning
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Indledning
Kritikken af den politiske økonomi og "litteratursociologi"
Authors: Madsen Peter
Published: May 2019

Kritikken af den politiske økonomi og "litteratursociologi"
Konstproduktionens förändrade villkor
Authors: Norén Kjerstin
Published: May 2019

från konkurrens till monopolkapitalism; konstnärnas förändrade klasstilhörighet; kulturpolitiska konsekvenser; kulturrådets betänkande
Uddrag af arbejdspapir om litteratursociologi
Authors: Sørensen Peer E.
Published: May 2019

Om kunstværket i cirkulationen
Lenin om Tolstoj
Authors: Lenin Vladimir
Published: May 2019

Lev Tolstoj som den russiske revolutions spejlL.N. TolstojL.N. Tolstoj og den moderne arbejderbevægelseTolstoj og den proletariske kamp L.N. Tolstoj og hans epoke
Pontoppidans »Nattevagt«
Authors: Kaarsholm Preben
Published: May 2019

Den sociale problematikDen seksuelle eller socialpsykologiske problematikKunstproblematikken
Nogle kommentarer
Authors: Pittelkow Raf
Published: May 2019

Til Preben Kaarsholms artikel
Kulturdebat og kulturpolitik
Authors: Madsen Peter
Published: May 2019

Baggrunden for den aktuelle kulturpolitiske situation i Danmark
Tillæg
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

A. Den franska folkfrontem kronologi och utvecklingen i Europa 1932-41B. Bakgrundsdata om det franska naringslivets struktur.
Fransk kultur- og regionalpolitikk i 1960 og 70 årene
Authors: Billing Greta
Published: May 2019

En impresjonistisk studie
Radikalismen
Authors: Harsløf Olav
Published: May 2019

Radikalismen
Kulturkampen og den borgerlige litteratur
Authors: Poetik Redaktionen
Published: May 2019

Forord
Introduktion til århundredeskiftet og tierne
Authors: Melberg Arne
Published: May 2019

Introduktion til århundredeskiftet og tierne
Om den æstetiske opdragelse af menneskene i arbejderbevægelsen
Authors: Brückner Peter , Ricke Gabriele
Published: May 2019

Om den æstetiske opdragelse af menneskene i arbejderbevægelsen.
Bertolt Brecht. Ideologikritiker og proletarisk praktikant.
Authors: Bondebjerg Ib
Published: May 2019

Om litteraturteori og -praksis hos Brecht og ansatserne til en proletarisk kulturteori i Sovjetunionen og Tyskland i mellemkrigstiden.
Noter om arbejderlitteraturens politiske historie
Authors: Reitan Rolf
Published: May 2019

Noter om arbejderlitteraturens politiske historie
Clinical Experience with Tigecycline in the Treatment of Prosthetic Joint Infections
Authors: Lastinger Allison , McLeod Nathanael , Dietz Matthew J , Guilfoose John , Sarwari Arif R
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the use of tigecycline in the treatment of prosthetic joint infection (PJI).Methods: This is a retrospective review performed from 2008 to 2017, examining adult patients with PJI at a tertiary medical referral center who received tigecycline for 75% or greater of the treatment course. Failure was defined as need to return to the operating room for an infectious complication or persistent drainage from the joint.Results: A total of 37 patients met inclusion criteria. The median age was 65 years, and 65% of patients were female. The most common reasons for tigecycline use were culture negative infection, polymicrobial infection, and renal failure, but other reasons included antimicrobial allergies and resistant organisms. The mean duration of tigecycline therapy was 40 days (range 28-52 days). Treatment success was documented in 16 cases (43%).Conclusions: Tigecycline is a glycylcycline approved for treatment of a variety of infections including skin and soft tissue infections, but little is known about its use in the treatment of PJI. We found that tigecycline is well-tolerated for prolonged durations. Our success rate was 43%, but the majority of patients in this study had complicated infectious surgical histories and had received prior prolonged courses of antimicrobial therapy which likely affected treatment outcome. We concluded that tigecycline should be reserved as an alternative when other antimicrobials for PJI have been exhausted. More studies are needed to assess tigecycline's use in the treatment of PJI.
Los influencers y el marketing digital, una convivencia necesaria
Authors: Català Josep M.
Published: May 2019

La mayoría de las personas declara sin prejuicios que preferirían perder la cartera antes que el móvil. Aunque parezca una frase un poco exagerada, encierra una parte de realidad, ya que muchas veces no vemos, o no queremos ver, como es la cantidad de información que llevamos en nuestro smartphone y la capacidad que tenemos de obtener información con él de forma inmediata. La comunicación a través de internet ha dado paso a la búsqueda instantánea de información, tanto personal como profesional. Este nuevo canal digital ha dado pie a un crecimiento exponencial de los datos almacenados en la red, de forma que el usuario final puede conocer qué está pasando en cualquier parte del mundo en cualquier momento. Ligados a este incremento de la información, han aparecido los llamados influencers (influenciadores), que no dejan de ser personas que, usando este nuevo canal online, realizan un marketing digital basado en su imagen asociada a una empresa, marca o producto. Sus seguidores (antes llamados fans…) son los potenciales compradores de los productos, por lo que la gestión de este activo digital es muy necesario para las empresas y sus departamentos de marketing. Un correcto uso y seguimiento de los influencers puede ayudar, y mucho, a generar más ventas a través de un canal de marketing digital que tiene aún mucho recorrido por delante.
Remunerasi Perawat : Sebuah Telaah
Authors: Malawat Krisna Yetti
Published: May 2019

Remunerasi adalah suatu imbalan dari suatu pekerjaan. Selain sebagai imbalan, remunerasi merupakan suatu penghargaan terhadap kerja yang dihasilkan. Remunerasi yang sesuai dengan hasil kerja yang diberikan dapat mencegah ketidakpuasan. Pekerja yang dimaksud dalam tulisan ini adalah perawat. Perawat pelaksana dalam menjalankan tugasnya di Rumah Sakit mempunyai keunikan tersendiri sebab selain menggunakan ilmu juga menggunakan fisik.Oleh karena itu, imbalan yang diterima perawat belum tidak bisa menggunakan standar penggajian karyawan lainnya.Suatu kenyataan bahwa imbalan yang diterima perawat belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup mereka.Beberapa saran diajukan sebagai pertimbangan dalam menentukan sistem termasuk standar remunerasi bagi perawat. Remuneration is a repayment of services. Besides as a repayment, the remuneration is a proposed reward for the output of work. The reasonable remuneration which is appropriate with the output of work can prevent the worker’s unsatisfaction, in this case, the nurse. Nurse as a direct care provider in performing their task in the hospital have a special uniquiness, because in addition to the application of knowledge the also actively involved physically. Therefore, the awarded repayment for nurses can’t utilize the payroll standard for other workers. Input, the repayment received by nurses still can’t meet the reasonable needs of their living expenses. Several recommendation are proposed as a consideration to determine the remuneration system including standard for nurses.
Pendidikan Kesehatan pada Klien TBC Paru Ditinjau dari Teori Keperawatan Transkultural
Authors: Sudiharto Sudiharto
Published: May 2019

Tuberkulosis paru merupakan penyakit menular-kronis yang dapat mengganggu fisik maupun mental klien. Gangguan tersebut dapat berupa gangguan pada kehidupan social, cultural dan spiritualklien. Kondisi seperti ini dapat dicegah bila klien memliki pandangan positif terhadap status kesehatannya. Untuk meningkatkan sikap dan pandangan klien yang positif perawat mempunyai peranan penting dalam memberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan keperawatan transkultural yang dikembangkan oleh Leininger (1970). Metode ini diyakini dapat menolong klien mengembangkan kemampuan melakukan evaluasi mandiri melalui belajar secara selektif, aktif dan mandiri. Lung Tuberculosis as a chronic-infectious disease more often producing negative impact to the client such as physically and mentally disturbance as well as disturbing his social, cultural and spiritual belief. Those conditions will be able to e prevented if the client has positive attitude toward his health status. To improve client’s attitude, nurses has the important role in conducting health education using transcultural-nursing approach that developed by Leininger (1970). This method will be able to help the client’s ability in evaluating his health condition by selective, active and independent learning.
ASPEK PSIKOSOSIAL PADA KORBAN TINDAK KEKERASAN DALAM KONTEKS KEPERAWATAN JIWA
Authors: Hamid Achir Yani S.
Published: May 2019

AbstrakTindak kekerasan dan dampaknya telah menjadi masalah global dan sangat berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan jiwa korban dan keluarganya. Teori biologik, teori psikologik, dan teori sosiokultural menjadi landasan teoritis yang menjelaskan tentang factor predisposisi tindak kekerasan dan model ekologi yang membagi empat tingkat tindak kekerasan. Tindak kekerasan pada umumnya dilakukan terhadap perempuan, anak-anak, dan lanjut usia yang dapat berupa penganiayaan fisik, seksual, emosional, dan penelantaran. Respons yang dimanifestasikan oleh korban dapat berupa respons fisik, biologik, prilaku, interpersonal, serta psikologik. Respons psikologik yang dialami terdiri dari harga diri rendah, rasa bersalah dan malu, serta marah. Penanganan masalah tindak kekerasan harus dilakukan perawat secara menyeluruh dan berkesinambungan dengan selalu memberikan sentuhan manusiawi dan professional dalam asuhan keperawatan yang dilakukan. AbstractViolence and its impact had been a global issu and strongly affecting the mental health status of the victims and their family. Biological, psychological and socicultural theories have been used as theoretical foundation to explain about the predisposing factors of violence behavious as well as the ecological model which divide violence into four levels. In general, the victims of violence are women, children, and elderly in the forms of physical, sexual, emotional violences and neglected. The manifested responses by the victim can be classified as physical, biological, behavioral, interpersonal, and psychological. The psychological responses include low self esteen, guilty feeling shame, and anger. The treatmen of problems related to violence should be addressed by nurses comprehensively and continuously through the provision of human touch and professional nursing care.
Demography as essential variable in real estate price prognosis
Authors: Dąbrowski Janusz , Hvizdová Eva , Polačko Jozef
Published: May 2019

In publications regarding real estate market analysis, one can find a statement that demography has a crucial impact on the real estate market only over the long term. Such a conclusion usually results in disregarding demography as an independent variable of real estate market analysis conducted to assess the value of property. On the example of the Subcarpathian town of Jarosław, the author indicates that demography should nowadays be particularly taken into account when assessing commercial property value. Demographic changes over the last few years have been so substantial that ignoring them in real estate price prognosis would certainly be a huge mistake. Demography does not only mean quantity; it means quality changes as well. A quickly aging society along with the migration of young people to big cities in search of a job has significantly influenced the changes of a consumer’s wallet wealth. Assuming that all other variables describing the real estate market do not impact its value, it can be indicated that demography can be an essential factor that influences statistical reasoning.
Determining density of regular grid for creating DTM using bicubic spline interpolation
Authors: Burak Konstantyn , Kovtun Vitalii , Levytskyi Roman , Makoviichuk Mykola
Published: May 2019

The article present the accuracy of DTM reproduction created by authors program of bicubic spline interpolation on the example of different categories of relief complexity. Correlations are established between the size of regular grid, category of relief complexity and a mean-square error of height finding. The graph is drawn showing the dependence of accuracy of point height finding from DTM, the size of regular grid and category of relief complexity.
To be or not to be an auxiliary verb. The case of Spanish
Authors: Vivanco Margot
Published: May 2019

This paper studies two Spanish constructions with the verb poner (‘to put’) and an infinitive. The first one, , has  traditionally been considered an inchoative periphrasis; however, we will show that its grammaticalisation is only complete with inanimate or impersonal subjects, while with animate subjects the structure keeps causative semantics. The second one, , has received much less attention in the literature. Although it originated together with its se-counterpart, it has not become a periphrasis and today exhibits a hybrid behaviour similar to that of verbs of influence on the one hand and restructuring causative verbs on the other. It will be shown that both constructions started with a causative-aspectual meaning (‘triggering an event’) that they keep today: ponerse has a causative meaning despite being an auxiliary and poner has an aspectual meaning despite not being an auxiliary, which explains many of their special characteristics. This paper will not only shed light on the diachronic and synchronic properties of these constructions but will also reflect on the limits between lexical and grammatical categories.
Data-based intervention approach for Complexity-Causality measure
Authors: Kathpalia Aditi , Nagaraj Nithin
Published: May 2019

Causality testing methods are being widely used in various disciplines of science. Model-free methods for causality estimation are very useful, as the underlying model generating the data is often unknown. However, existing model-free/data-driven measures assume separability of cause and effect at the level of individual samples of measurements and unlike model-based methods do not perform any intervention to learn causal relationships. These measures can thus only capture causality which is by the associational occurrence of ‘cause’ and ‘effect’ between well separated samples. In real-world processes, often ‘cause’ and ‘effect’ are inherently inseparable or become inseparable in the acquired measurements. We propose a novel measure that uses an adaptive interventional scheme to capture causality which is not merely associational. The scheme is based on characterizing complexities associated with the dynamical evolution of processes on short windows of measurements. The formulated measure, Compression-Complexity Causality is rigorously tested on simulated and real datasets and its performance is compared with that of existing measures such as Granger Causality and Transfer Entropy. The proposed measure is robust to the presence of noise, long-term memory, filtering and decimation, low temporal resolution (including aliasing), non-uniform sampling, finite length signals and presence of common driving variables. Our measure outperforms existing state-of-the-art measures, establishing itself as an effective tool for causality testing in real world applications.
Detection of condition-specific marker genes from RNA-seq data with MGFR
Authors: El Amrani Khadija , Alanis-Lobato Gregorio , Mah Nancy , Kurtz Andreas , Andrade-Navarro Miguel A.
Published: May 2019

The identification of condition-specific genes is key to advancing our understanding of cell fate decisions and disease development. Differential gene expression analysis (DGEA) has been the standard tool for this task. However, the amount of samples that modern transcriptomic technologies allow us to study, makes DGEA a daunting task. On the other hand, experiments with low numbers of replicates lack the statistical power to detect differentially expressed genes. We have previously developed MGFM, a tool for marker gene detection from microarrays, that is particularly useful in the latter case. Here, we have adapted the algorithm behind MGFM to detect markers in RNA-seq data. MGFR groups samples with similar gene expression levels and flags potential markers of a sample type if their highest expression values represent all replicates of this type. We have benchmarked MGFR against other methods and found that its proposed markers accurately characterize the functional identity of different tissues and cell types in standard and single cell RNA-seq datasets. Then, we performed a more detailed analysis for three of these datasets, which profile the transcriptomes of different human tissues, immune and human blastocyst cell types, respectively. MGFR’s predicted markers were compared to gold-standard lists for these datasets and outperformed the other marker detectors. Finally, we suggest novel candidate marker genes for the examined tissues and cell types. MGFR is implemented as a freely available Bioconductor package (https://doi.org/doi:10.18129/B9.bioc.MGFR), which facilitates its use and integration with bioinformatics pipelines.
Effects of Calcium Chloride Treatment on the Photosynthetic Capacity and Intensity of Banana Fruit during Ripening
Authors: Eugène Phounzong-Tafre , Ovaric Kouete Jarvin , Jean Aghofack-Nguemezi
Published: May 2019

The general objective of this work was to highlight the physiological phenomenon of photosynthesis that underlies ripening in banana fruits and to follow its bioindicators evolution. To achieve this goal, pigment content, protein content and the amount of oxygen released were determined at different stages of ripening of bananas fruits. The determination of pigment content was carried out by spectrophotometric assay after extraction in pure acetone. Protein content was determined using a known albumin concentration calibration curve. Moreover, photosynthetic intensity was evaluated by measuring the oxygen released by the banana peels by means of an oximeter. Results showed that there was a gradual decrease in pigment levels, while at the same time there were increases in carotenoid and protein levels. Photosynthetic intensity and capacity also decreased significantly. The treatment of bananas with calcium chloride helped to slow the fall of photosynthetic activity. Also, calcium chloride treatment induced a reduction of the decrease in chlorophyll content, photosynthetic intensity and increase in proteins content. Positive correlations were found between photosynthetic intensity and levels of chlorophyll a and total chlorophylls. The intensity of photosynthesis was negatively correlated with carotenoid and protein levels. The change in photosynthetic intensity during ripening was proportional to the variation in chlorophyll a and total chlorophylls content, but inversely proportional to variations in total carotenoids and proteins contents.
PARP1 expression in soft tissue sarcomas is a poor‐prognosis factor and a new potential therapeutic target
Authors: Bertucci François , Finetti Pascal , Monneur Audrey , Perrot Delphine , Chevreau Christine , Le Cesne Axel , Blay Jean‐Yves , Mir Olivier , Birnbaum Daniel
Published: May 2019

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are aggressive tumors with few efficient systemic therapies. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP1) inhibitors represent an emerging therapeutic option in tumors with genomic instability. The genomics of STSs is complex in more than half of cases, suggesting a high level of inherent DNA damage and genomic instability. Thus, STSs could be efficiently targeted with PARP inhibitors. Promising preclinical results have been reported, but few data are available regarding PARP1 expression in clinical samples. We examined PARP1 mRNA expression in 1464 clinical samples of STS, including 1432 primary tumors and 32 relapses, and searched for correlations with clinicopathological features, including metastasis‐free survival (MFS). Expression was heterogeneous across the samples, not different between primary and secondary tumors, and was correlated to PARP1 DNA copy number. In the 1432 primary tumors, the ‘PARP1‐high’ samples were associated with younger patients, more frequent locations at the extremities, superficial trunk and head and neck, more leiomyosarcomas and other STSs and less liposarcomas and myxofibrosarcomas, more grade 3, more high‐risk CINSARC tumors, and more ‘chromosomically instable’ tumors. They were associated with shorter MFS, independently of other significant prognostic features, including the CINSARC signature. We found a strong involvement of genes overexpressed in the ‘PARP1‐high’ samples in cell cycle, DNA replication, and DNA repair. PARP1 expression refines the prediction of MFS in STSs, and similar expression exists in secondary and primary tumors, supporting the development of PARP1 inhibitors.
Senescent Cells with Augmented Cytokine Production for Microvascular Bioengineering and Tissue Repairs
Authors: Xiao Yang , Liu Chang , Chen Zhuo , Blatchley Michael R. , Kim Dongjoo , Zhou Jing , Xu Ming , Gerecht Sharon , Fan Rong
Published: May 2019

Controlled delivery of cytokines and growth factors has been an area of intense research interest for molecular and cellular bioengineering, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine. This study shows that primary human lung fibroblasts chemically induced to senescence (cell cycle arrest) can act as a living source to transiently produce factors essential for promoting vasculogenesis or angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin 8 (IL‐8). Coculture of senescent fibroblasts with human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a fibrin gel demonstrate accelerated formation and maturation of microvessel networks in as early as three days. Unlike the usage of nonsenescent fibroblasts as the angiogenesis‐promoting cells, this approach eliminates drawbacks related to the overproliferation of fibroblasts and the subsequent disruption of tissue architecture, integrity, or function. Coculture of mouse pancreatic islets with senescent fibroblasts and endothelial cells in a gel matrix maintains the viability and function of islets ex vivo for up to five days. Applying senescent fibroblasts to wound repair in vivo leads to increased blood flow in a diabetic mouse model. Together, this work points to a new direction for modeling the delivery of cytokines and growth factors that promote microvascular tissue engineering and tissue repairs.
A Bioinspired Medical Adhesive Derived from Skin Secretion of Andrias davidianus for Wound Healing
Authors: Deng Jun , Tang Yingying , Zhang Qing , Wang Chao , Liao Min , Ji Ping , Song Jinlin , Luo Gaoxing , Chen Luo , Ran Xiaohong , Wei Ziming , Zheng Liwen , Dang Ruyi , Liu Xiang , Zhang Hongmei , Zhang Yu Shrike , Zhang Ximu , Tan Hong
Published: May 2019

Existing surgical tissue adhesives on the market cannot meet the desired demand for clinical operations due to their limited adhesivity or undesired cytotoxicity. A new bioadhesive is derived from the skin secretion of Andrias davidianus (SSAD). This bioinspired SSAD has significantly stronger tissue adhesion than the fibrin glue and improved elasticity and biocompatibility when compared to the cyanoacrylate glue both ex vivo and in vivo. Additionally, the SSAD‐based adhesive decreases skin wound healing time and promotes wound regeneration and angiogenesis. The SSAD‐based adhesive is completely degradable, strongly adhesive, and easily produced from a renewable source. Based on these favorable properties, the SSAD‐based bioadhesive demonstrates potential as a surgical bioadhesive for a broad range of medical applications.
Hydrogen Bond Induced Green Solvent Processed High Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Good Tolerance on Film Thickness and Blend Ratios
Authors: Du Xiaoyang , Lu Xi , Zhao Juewen , Zhang Yuqing , Li Xinrui , Lin Hui , Zheng Caijun , Tao Silu
Published: May 2019

For comprehensive development of organic solar cells (OSCs), some factors such as environmental stability, low cost, insensitive film thickness, component contents tolerance, and green preparation processes are equally crucial to achieve high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). In this work, a small molecule 3‐(diethylamino)‐7‐imino‐7H‐benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐a]chromeno[3,2‐c]pyridine‐6‐carbonitrile (DIBC), which is commercially available at low cost, is utilized to realize high‐performance ternary OSCs. Demonstrated via Fourier transform infrared and 2D‐1HNMR, DIBC can form hydrogen bond interactions with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) in solid films. Further electrostatic potential (ESP) calculations indicate that the hydrogen bond interaction enhances the ESP of PC71BM and accelerates charge transport between donor and acceptor. As a result, poly(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b;4,5‐b0]dithiophene‐2,6‐diylalt‐(4‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3‐fluorothieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐)‐2‐carboxylate‐2‐6‐diyl (PTB7‐Th):DIBC:PC71BM‐based ternary OSC achieves a maximum efficiency of 12.17%, which is the best result of green solvent processed fullerene OSCs at present. It is noteworthy that the ternary OSCs also show great tolerance to film thickness and blend ratios. These unique properties are attributed to the hydrogen‐bond‐linked DIBC and PC71BM, which modulates molecule distribution and improves film morphology with an interpenetrating network structure. Furthermore, the DIBC containing device also exhibits good thermal and light radiation stability. These results illustrate that intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction has great potential for realizing high‐performance OSCs.