bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trypanosoma brucei Lipophosphoglycan Activates Host Immune Responses via the TLR-mediated p38 MAP Kinase and NF-κB Pathways
Authors: Zhang Kai , Jiang Ning , Zhang Naiwen , Yu Liying , Sang Xiaoyu , Feng Ying , Chen Ran , Chen Qijun
Published: February 2023

Objective:

This study was aimed at investigating the immunoregulatory effects of trypanosomal lipophosphoglycan (LPG) anchored to trypanosome membranes, including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and neutrophil cytokine release after parasite infection. The interaction of cell surface TLR receptors with LPG, which signals cellular responses during Trypanosma brucei infection, was systematically investigated.

Methods:

The cytokine expression profile in neutrophils after exposure to T. brucei LPG, and the involvement of TLR2, TLR4, p38 MAP kinase, and NF-κB in NET formation were studied with molecular immunological approaches including quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence.

Results:

T. brucei-derived LPG induced phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB, thereby stimulating neutrophil secretion of IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α. The blockade of Toll-like receptor 2/4 and specific inhibitors of MyD88, p38 MAP kinase, and NF-κB decreased cytokine release and the phosphorylation of both kinases. Furthermore, the exposure of neutrophils containing LPG to IL-1β and LPG-induced cell supernatants promoted the release of NETs.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that T. brucei LPG activates neutrophil IL-1β secretion via the TLR-mediated p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB pathways, thereby promoting the formation of LPG-stimulated NETs.
Obraz kobiet w wybranych dziełach historiografii kościelnej z VI wieku. Część 1. Historia Kościoła Teodora Lektora i Kronika Wiktora z Tunnuny
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kosiński Rafał
Published: February 2023

The present article consists of an analysis of four selected historiographic works with respect to the authors’ reception of the roles of women in the events portrayed. The representation of women in the church historiography of the period is a reflection of how women are perceived by the authors of the sources in question, the men from various cultural backgrounds and milieus: a Greek-speaking lector from Constantinople, a Latin-speaking bishop from the Roman part of Africa, a Syriac monk from Amida, but also a lay jurist from Antioch writing in Greek. The first part of the article contains analyses of Theodore Lector’s Church History and the Chronicle by Victor of Tunnuna. An analysis of the remaining works, as well as final conclusions, will be presented in the second part of the article.
„Zwierciadło” i tematyka reportaży jako pomysł badawczy
Authors:   Instytut Studiów Kobiecych, Bauchrowicz-Tocka Maria
Published: February 2023

During the post-October thaw, new topics appeared in the Polish press concerning the problems of the life of the society. The protagonists of the Zwierciadło reports were women hurt and mutilated by unhappy love, mothers putting their children under the protection of the state, and infanticide. Reports revealed not only women’s problems, but also showed intolerance of the environment with rigid social norms and the lack of an effective system to help single mothers.
Obrazy kobiet na łamach prasy dla kobiet w latach 1944–1975
Authors:   Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, Jędrzejski Łukasz
Published: February 2023

The aim of the article was to present selected components of social images and their reflection in the women’s press in Poland in the years 1944–1975. Press for women constituted an important segment of publishing production, which included periodicals addressed to women. It presented state values. In the press release, women in the People’s Republic of Poland were resilient, integrated, strongly influencing the environment and the family. Their overall picture was made up of partial images: personal. They gave the idea of a Polish Mother, shock worker, and feminist performing state tasks.
Propaganda w Polskiej Kronice Filmowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kowalska Justyna
Published: February 2023

Polish Film Chronicle was a party medium which, over the last 50 years of activity, was supposed to perform propaganda, cognitive and ludistic functions. Controlled by censorship institutions, it was using various manipulative measures aimed at the appropriate transfer of information or coverage of political, social, sports and cultural events. The use of various types of linguistic persuasion mechanisms, the selection of an appropriate, emotionally marked vocabulary, suggestive portrayal of objects or events or the use of directives are just some of the means taken by the editorial team of the Chronicle. All this to cope with the task of combining contained in the circulars with the instructions of censorship guidelines, and at the same time making the reception of their film magazine for the average viewer something pleasant, useful and educating. The aim of the article is to show the process of intensifying or easing the propaganda mechanisms in the implementation of the Polish Film Chronicle, as well as to indicate what measures taken by the editorial team in creating the Chronicle were intended to influence the viewer’s perception
Effect of Individualized Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiac Function, Time Consumption, and Quality of Life in Patients After CABG
Authors: Guan Hua-qin , Hang Cheng , Zhang Ming , Yuan Li-Yan , Ding Yan-jun
Published: February 2023

Background: To investigate the effect of individualized cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on cardiac function, time consumption, and quality of life (QoL) in post-CABG patients.
Methods: Two different CR strategy: basic rehabilitation and individualized rehabilitation was designed. The patients were screened and randomized into the two groups: the basic rehabilitation group (BRG) and individualized rehabilitation group (IRG). Data, such as clinical characteristics, LVEF, 6MWD (6-min walk distance), BNP, LVEDD (left ventricular end diastolic dimension), SF-36 score, and time consumption were collected and recorded.
Results: There was no difference between the IRG and BRG patients in the clinical characteristics. The 6MWD and LVEF on post-op significantly were higher, while BNP and LVEDD significantly was lower in the IRG than in BRG. The time to first out-of-bed activity, ICU stay time, and post-op hospital stay time of the IRG in post-op was significantly shorter than BRG. The IRG patients scored significantly higher on the SF-36.
Conclusion: Individualized CR is safe and can reduce the time consumption and improve the cardiac function and QoL of patients undergoing CABG.
Overview of the history of painting and lacquer art in Vietnam
Authors: Van Minh Nguyen
Published: February 2023

Traditional Vietnamese lacquer is recognized through professional and historical forms. First of all, decorative painted relics, associated with religious beliefs, have served in spiritual life through worshiping items in pagodas, temples, communal houses, and palaces. Architectural columns and horizontal lacquered board are applied in hammocks, couplets, animism, four holy creatures, flowers of the four seasons, eight precious items of Buddhism, Baguio, palanquin, hammock, long communal house, worshipping paintings, decorative paintings... Especially Vietnamese lacquer painting through actual labor, practical works, research, and application of traditional techniques in the artistic creation of artists, has formed the appearance of traditional Vietnamese lacquer art in the past over the course of more than two thousand years of history.
Prevalence of ocular findings in transgender and barriers for not reporting to eye hospitals and clinics
Authors: Javid Amna , Akram Saba , Batool Asma , Afghani Tayyab , Sehar Gul E , anzoor Hina m
Published: February 2023

Background: Transgender, is one whose gender identity, behaviour, and expressions are different from that assigned at birth. They are also called third gender or eunuch transversity as they don't conform to the traditional notion of male and female thus are not accepted by the mainstream society, so their rights for everything like health, education, culture, dignity are violated. Before dividing the world into two gender boxes, we are all human beings who deserve to enjoy every opportunity and benefits of living, including healthcare, and its important component Eye care. Aim: the aim of this research work was to find the prevalence of eye problems in transgender and to explore factors and barriers for not reporting to eye care hospitals and clinics for seeking eye care. Methods: the study design of this research work was descriptive cross-sectional study design and technique used for collecting data of sample size 73 was snowball non-random sampling technique from participants who represented themselves as a transgender in a setting of transgender communities. Results: The prevalence of ocular findings in transgender was 68.5% and the main barriers for not reporting to eye clinics was fear of discrimination, financial problems, lack of awareness, verbal abuse, misconceptions. And factors for not wearing spectacles are cosmetic issues occupational restrictions and discomfort. There is a significant effect of barriers, age and last eye examinations on ocular findings in Transgender with the p-value =0.006, 0.009 and 0.030 respectively.
Role of ophthalmologists in combating with the Coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Turgut Burak
Published: February 2023

nCoV, novel coronavirus; SARS-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus; MERS-CoV, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus; 2019-nCoV, novel Coronavirus 2019; WHO, World Health Organization; ACE2, angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2; reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR); CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; AAO, American Academy of Ophthalmology.
Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 disease
Authors: Bastian Anna Major , Russell Hermanns Dawn S
Published: February 2023

The highly contagious novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV is a new strain not previously identified in humans. Also known as coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), this virus causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome and has had widespread impact gaining pandemic status by the World Health Organization. There have been reports on the ocular manifestations of infection with this virus and this article provides a mini review of the published data.
MicroRNAs in neurodegenerative eye disease
Authors: Concepción Abel Ramón , García Efraín Romo , Álvarez Félix Jesús R , Camacho Silvia Paz , Meza Elmer López , Pujalte Itzel Vega , Mellado Ilse Ochoa , Barraza Mario León , Rojo Carla Angulo
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases affect the central nervous system and cause progressive dysfunction. These debilitating and incurable conditions are characterized by loss of neuronal cell function and are often associated with atrophy of the affected nervous system structures. The retina and the optic nerve are considered an extension of the central nervous system due to their embryonic origin and myelination by oligodendrocytes. Thereby, common physiopathological mechanism may be implicated in the neurodegeneration progress, regulated by key molecules as microRNAs. Aim: To determine the expression profile of microRNAs in peripheral blood in patients with neurodegenerative eye diseases such Glaucoma and Alzheimer´s disease. Methods: Observational, multicentric, comparative study. 50 patients distributed into four groups were included for this study: 10 (20%) with Alzheimer's disease, 20 (40%) with Glaucoma and 20 (40%) healthy control individuals. Results: miR-155 was found to be with tendency to overexpression in the Glaucoma group. miR-483 was found to be significatively overexpressed by five times in the Glaucoma group compared to control individuals. No significant changes were observed for Alzheimer’s disease group in both microRNAs. Conclusion: The preliminary results observed in this study, may suggest that the miR155 and miR483 microRNAs show peripheral blood levels that can be measured in a repeatable and reliable way, this opens the way to a new route of early diagnosis and possible treatment for neurodegenerative eye disease like glaucoma.
Early diagnosis glaucoma using spectral domain OCT
Authors: Komaratih Arantrinita Evelyn
Published: February 2023

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is new technique that produces images of biological tissue by measuring the reflection of light from the structure being examined. OCT can greatly assist clinicians in diagnosing and managing glaucoma, especially early disease, when used in conjunction with serial clinical exams and visual field testing. Identification of structural damage to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is an important component in the diagnosis of glaucoma. Spectral Domain OCT (SD-OCT), allows an earlier examination of these structures and is equipped with an analysis of the macula area to detect ganglion cell damage.
Secondary open-angle glaucoma in presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome
Authors: Lucy Jeanie C
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Secondary glaucoma refers to any form of glaucoma in which there is an identifiable cause of increased eye pressure, resulting in optic nerve damage and vision loss. Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) is an infection caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. There are diverse ocular and systemic manifestations of POHS, ranging from influenza-like illness, cavitary lung disease to life threatening dissemination affecting multiple major organ systems. Once considered to be a public health threat mainly to Ohio, Mississippi River valley areas of the United States and South America, this case represents a new epidemiological report. Results: Initial presentation of a young patient to our clinical service revealed several punched-out-chorioretinal lesions evident in the left eye. Secondary glaucoma was diagnosed in the left eye after Avastin injection to treat a choroidal neovascular membrane secondary to histoplasmosis. The patient was treated successfully with a topical simbrinza for the glaucoma. Conclusion: The clinical presentation of histo-spots, peripapillary atrophy, and choroidal neovascularization represents a confirmed triad for POHS. Choroidal neovascular membranes can be a complication of POHS and anti-VEGF is a standard treatment. Certain anti-VEGF injections have been linked to sustained elevated intraocular pressure. From a public health perspective, we can look for POHS in other areas of the world where it is not usually and customarily found as well as monitor patients for prolonged increase in eye pressure after Avastin injection.
Evaluation of tear film instability pre and post corneal collagen cross-linking procedure in keratoconus patients
Authors: Ahsan Maria , Sattar Misbah , Saba Asifa , saba Asima , sonum Sara , batool Asma
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To evaluate tear film instability in keratoconus patients pre and post CXL procedure. Study design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Study was conducted at Al Ehsan Welfare eye hospital Lahore from 15th September, 2020 to 15th June, 2021. Materials and methods: Tear break-up time (TBUT) test was used for determining the stability of the tear film out of 30 patients diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe keratoconus and tear film stability was assessed before and after CXL procedure by measuring tear break up time. Data was collected by using non-probability convenient sampling method. The patients were excluded if they had any previous dry eye syndrome, tear film instability, refractive surgery, other ocular surface abnormalities, cataract surgery and contact lens use before the CXL procedure. Pre and post-operative tear break up time was measured by performing TUBT test. Patients were selected between the age 25 to 35 years. In TBUT, sodium fluorescein dye was used and the tear film was observed with slit lamp under low magnification while the patient was instructed to avoid blinking while time was calculated until first dry spot appearance. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis and Mcneemar’s test (kappa statistics) was applied with significance of p <0.05. Results: Results shows that pre CXL tear breakup time of 22 patients was normal (10-15) sec while 8 patients were observed with borderline tear break up time less than 10 sec with percentage of 73.3% and 26.7 % respectively. Results of Post TBUT after one week of CXL procedure shows variation in values of tear break up time which shows decrease of tear break up time less than 10 sec of 12 patients and 18 patients with significantly reduced tear break up time less than 5 sec was recorded with percentage of 40.% and 60. % respectively. After two weeks of procedure it was recorded that tear break up time of 4 patients was normal (10-15 sec) post tear break up time, while tear break up time of 18 patients was noted borderline (<10 sec) and 8 patient with reduced post tear break up time (<5sec) with percentage of 13.3 % , 60 % and 26.7% respectively. After one month of CXL the tear break up time was significantly improved as compared to one and two weeks of postoperative procedure of CXL as the corneal epithelium was regenerated. Conclusion: This study concludes that tear breakup time was significantly reduced after CXL procedure. TBUT was normal before the CXL but after CXL due to destruction of corneal epithelium the TBUT was reduced. Thus results reveals instability of tear films occurs after CXL procedure.
Optometry meets ophthalmology- cycloplegic refraction and examination under general anaesthesia in a paediatric high myope
Authors: Mohammed Ibraheem , Dubay Sareta , Bhola Ronnie , Dwarika Dorian
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To discuss a case of shared optometric-ophthalmic (O-O) approach in objectively refracting and examining a paediatric high myope under general anaesthesia. Methods: A paediatric high myope was cyclopleged then underwent objective retinoscopy under general anaesthesia within a surgical theatre setting. Corneal diameter, interpupillary distance, immersion biometry axial lengths, intraocular pressures, keratometry readings, A-scan and B-scan ultrasound images were all subsequently obtained. Lastly, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopic examination with 360º scleral indentation was carried out. A comprehensive O-O report was dispensed with all collated parameters. Results: A refractive error of -11.00DS bilaterally was measured. Ocular health assessment showed no significant myopic abnormalities. The patient was dispensed spectacles and adapted well with improved comfort. Low dose atropine myopia control was commenced. Conclusion: O-O shared care in refracting and examining difficult and highly myopic paediatric cases under general anaesthesia is a useful and effective tool.
Therapeutic potential and epigenetic alterations of plant phytochemicals (as epi-drugs) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review
Authors: Kochar Kaur Kulvinder
Published: February 2023

There has been a significant escalation of type2 diabetes mellitus( T2DM), all over the world in particular more recently, secondary to population, age, obesity in addition to the sedentary life styles stranges. The determination as per the projections has been that 230 million people would be diabetic by the year2030. The properties of T2DM are dysfunctional pancreatic β cells function in addition to insulin liberation, hyperglycemia along with insulin resistance as well as recently, the epigenetics control pancreatic β cells differentiation has got emphasized as being implicated. Currently it is clear that various bioactive molecules, that are in plenty of amounts in plants that get utilized as foods or infusions, possess crucial part in histone modifications as well as DNA methylation, thus make up potential agents to work as epidrugs. Having earlier reviewed the epigenetic modes seen in DiabeticNephropathy so here we conducted a systematic review utilizing search engine pubmed, google scholar ;web of science; embase; Cochrane review library utilizing the MeSH terms like phytochemicals ;epidrugs; T2DM; epigenetics alterations inDM;Resveratrol; polyphenols; licorice; fenugreek;citrus fruits; green tea;ginger from 1990’still date in 2021. We found a total of 3050 articles out of which we selected 151 articles for this review. No meta-analysis was done. Thus we have summarized the epigenetic alterations seen in T2DM per se We have tried to review drugs like polyphenols, garlic, tea, resveratrol, anthrocyanins, liquorice, fenugreek that possess he capacity of avoidance or treatment of T2DM both in vivo, awa in vitro studies. The major observations, despite certain contradictory outcomes seem that these epidrugs possess roles to act either as complementary/replacement treatment for the usual oral hypoglycemic agents with negligible adverse actions. Actually these natural epidrugs seem to avoid or postpone the generation of disease, in addition to the morbidity that is correlated with the impairment of blood vessels, eyes as well as kidneys secondary to sustenance of hyperglycemia in case of patients with T2DM.
Evaluation of energy consumption, macronutrients, and supplements intakes among university hockey players
Authors: Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak Muhammad
Published: February 2023

This study was a cross - sectional study involving hockey players among students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) using convenient sampling method. Data were collected by using questionnaire consists of five parts including sociodemographic, physical activity, anthropometric measurement, dietary intake records and supplement intakes. The collected data was statistically analysed using t-test and descriptive statistic to assess the daily intake of energy, macronutrients and as appropriate for each question on the questionnaire. The male players remained more active than females and similarly, the some of the male players were overweight and the females were underweight. The daily energy intake was significantly (P<0.001) higher for males than for females. The energy intake of male respondents exceeded the recommended value in the RNI Malaysia 2005 whereas for female respondents it was significantly (P<0.001) lower. When the energy intake of the male and female players was compared with the FIH & RNI, it was significantly (P<0.001) lower. For the protein intake, both group of respondents, males and females, did achieve the recommended value of the protein intake in a day and consumed significantly lower FIH. Lastly, the male respondents have higher percentage of consumption of nutritional supplement, with 54.5 %, as compared to the female respondents, with only 45.5% who consumed nutritional supplements. Compared to standard references, there was significant difference between energy (kcal), macronutrients (g) and macronutrients (expressed as % of total calorie intake) to the recommended value. Majority of the nutritional supplement consumer obtained information from trusted source. Therefore, nutritional education related to supplements is necessary to prevent any health-related problem and overused/abuse of supplements.
Medical complications in 166,601 surgical patients with morbid obesity vary directly with increasing age independent of BMI
Authors: perry Luke
Published: February 2023

Objective: To identify the incidence of obesity co-morbidities by age in patients with obesity. Methods: Pre-operative data on 166,601 patients from the Surgical Review Corporation’s BOLD database was analyzed by age. Data: demographics, BMI, and percent of 33 obesity co-morbidities. Statistics: ANOVA for continuous variables; Dichotomous variables by general linear models. Results: BMI and percent alcohol/tobacco/substance use, PCOS, mental health diagnosis, and pseudotumor cerebri varied inversely by age. Percent hernia, abdominal panniculitis, angina, cholelithiasis, CHF, DVT/PE, fibromyalgia, impaired function, GERD, diabetes, gout, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, dyslipidemia, leg edema, back pain, musculoskeletal pain, obesity hypoventilation, peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, stress incontinence, and unemployment (n=23) increased directly with increasing age, peaking in the 60-70 and >70 years cohorts. Asthma, depression, psychologic impairment, and liver disease were highest in the 40-60 decades Conclusions: In patients with obesity, weight-related medical conditions vary dramatically by age. Younger patients had highest BMI and suffered most from alcohol/tobacco/substance abuse and psychological problems. The major weight-related cardiopulmonary, abdominal/hepatobiliary, endocrine/metabolic, and somatic issues increased progressively with each higher decade of age. This advance knowledge of obesity risks by age may raise clinical index of suspicion, possibly facilitating presumptive management of patients with obesity and improved outcomes.
Short story: threats imposed by Covid-19 on mental health
Authors: Nasir Bisma
Published: February 2023

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (CoViD-19) along with many symptoms of physical illness has also been associated with many mental health problems. These mental health problems may arise in response to preventive and quarantine measures of isolation and controlled life activities.
The effect of phenotype on development of brown and white adipose tissue cellularity and nonshivering thermogenesis in the wistar fatty rat
Authors: L Tulp Orien
Published: February 2023

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been noted in cadaveric specimens by anatomists for hundreds of years and is now known to be a primary peripheral tissue in the expression of non-shivering thermogenesis in response to perturbations in diet and environment in homeothermic species including man and animals. The Wistar Fatty Rat (WFR) is an animal model of obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and NIDDM and expresses the (-fa) obesity trait in an NIH/Wistar background. This stain has been reported to exhibit NIDDM and an impaired thermogenic response to parameters of diet and environment in the obese phenotype. Groups of lean and obese male WFR rats were maintained in hanging wire-bottomed steel cages and fed a nutritionally complete diet containing 54% CHO as equal parts cornstarch (ST) and sucrose (SUC) (50:60 w/w) plus vitamins, minerals, fiber, and essential micronutrients from 22 to 30 weeks of age. Measures of body weight were monitored and measures of resting, and norepinephrine stimulated VO2 determined. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation and the Interscapular BAT depot (IBAT) and primary white adipose tissue (WAT) depots excised in their entirety for measures of adiposity including adipocyte size and number per IBAT and WAT depots. The studies included measures of adipocyte lipid content and adipocyte number of WAT depots including the dorsal (DOR), epididymal (EPI) and visceral retroperitoneal (VRP) depots. Final Body weights, net weight gain and relative adiposity of obese were significantly greater than their lean littermates throughout the study with the greatest increase in WAT cell lipid content and adipocyte number in the VRP depot. IBAT cell number, cell lipid content of IBAT tissues and IBAT:BW ratio of obese >> lean littermates. Fasting glucose was similar in both phenotypes, but fasting insulin and the Insulin: Glucose (I: G) ratios were markedly elevated in obese+NIDDM animals. Resting VO2 and the thermic response to NE of lean >> Obese+NIDDM. A robust NE response in plasma glucose concentrations occurred in both phenotypes following NE with the greatest increase in the obese+NIDDM phenotype. The results of this study indicate that while the development of IBAT and WAT mass and cellularity became exaggerated via hyperplasia and hypertrophy in the obese-NIDDM animals, the superimposition of early hyperphagia and the NIDDM stigmata which likely includes the development of significant IR is a contributing factor. The elevations in I: G and IR of the Obese+NIDDM phenotype may further facilitate adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy in both WAT and BAT depots and may further compromise the capacity of the obese diabetic animals to fully express BAT-mediated contributions to NST. Moreover, the increased BAT mass and cellularity in the Obese+NIDDM was not by itself a reliable predictor of the thermic responses to diet and environment.
Autoimmune hepatitis complicated with entrapment neuropathy & fibromyalgia: A case report
Authors: Hussein Naglaa
Published: February 2023

46. y-old right-handed female with history of controlled autoimmune hepatitis since 2001 with negative liver biopsy on 2017 presented with chronic generalized pain affecting neck, upper back, buttocks, knee and chest associated with paresthesia and tingling of left hand with nocturnal exacerbation. Clinical exam revealed; Neurologically Positive Tinel sign over median nerve at wrist bilaterally, Positive Phalen test bilaterally, Musculoskeletal exam revealed multiple tender points bilaterally with limited neck Rom due to pain. Electrophysiological testing of both upper extremities documented bilateral median sensory neuropathy at wrist, demyelinating pathology and bilateral ulnar nerve entrapment at wrist: Guyon canal syndrome; sensory-motor axonal demyelinating. Normal liver and kidney function tests and glycosylated hemoglobin 5.
Abdominal pain in an elderly with a twist: a case of colonic volvulus
Authors: Moura de Azevedo Sofia , Gonçalves Fabienne
Published: February 2023

Abdominal pain in the elderly patient is a common symptom and reason to resort to the emergency service. Geriatric ill patients present unique challenges in the anamnesis, physical examination and to determine expectations for rehabilitation and meaningful recovery. We present the case of an 80-year-old man, dependent on activities of daily living due to dementia. He was admitted to the emergency department with a clinic of abdominal pain and constipation. Abdominal radiography revealed dilatation of the sigmoid colon (coffee bean sign), as did abdominal CT, suggesting the diagnosis of intestinal volvulus. He underwent decompression colonoscopy with resolution. There was no evidence of neoplasia on abdominal CT or endoscopic study, or of another obstructive cause. Sigmoid volvulus is common in men over 70 years, with neuropsychiatric pathology and as a risk factor the patient had immobility and a long and redundant colon described in the endoscopic examination. This is a pathology with high mortality and risk of recurrence to be recognised in institutionalized elderly people.
Surrogacy in Spain. Medical, legal and ethical perspective
Authors: Emaldi Cirión Aitziber
Published: February 2023

Surrogacy presents itself as a major ethical and legal problem in Spain. On the one hand, this practice is forbidden in Spain, however, Spanish couples go to other countries to carry it out and subsequently want to register their children as their own. Spanish society is constantly demanding this practice so the law will have to be modified: regulated permission or prohibition with criminal liability. A legal solution must be found in the best interests of the children.
Homozygosis variant p.asn115* in the ANO10 gene: a new discovered cause of spinocerebellar Ataxia
Authors: Rodríguez Iria Beltrán , Arés Luque Adrián , García-Talavera Casado Laura
Published: February 2023

The spinocerebellar ataxia recessive type 10 is a genetic form associated with ANO10 gene mutations. Affected individuals present with ataxia, hyperreflexia, ocular movement disorders and cerebellar atrophy. The homozygous variant in the ANO10 gene NP_060545.3:p.Asn114* is a 2-nucleotide deletion that would cause the introduction of a premature stop codon at the same position, that has not been previously described in the scientific literature related to disease and it perfectly explains our patient’s condition.
Stemness of breast cancer cells incubated on viscoelastic gel substrates
Authors: Sasaki Rie , Ohta Ryohei , Okamoto Masami
Published: February 2023

Acrylamide copolymer-based gel substrates with different viscoelasticity were employed to evaluate the viscoelasticity effect on the direct relation among cancer stemness and mesenchymal properties with induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells in both normoxia and hypoxia. The softer gel substrate produced a large amount of surface molecule of cancer stem cells (CSC) marker CD44. In contrast, for the stem cell biomarker CD133 expression, their coefficient of damping (tan)-dependent manner was not contributed by EMT phenomenon and was an independent from acquisition of the EMT. The substrate damping as potential physical parameter emerged the important linkage to cancer stemness and EMT induction.
Disfunctions in teaching the language and culture of anscents with the use of educational games
Authors: Olędzka Monika
Published: February 2023

Multimodality appearing in design: About ourselves and the peculiarities of Siedlce and Edmonton. What connects and what distinguishes our countries? shows the diverse paths which education follows. The multidimensionality invites students to be active, to develop their language skills, to use new technologies helpful in building dialogue between Poles and Polish Canadians. Through cooperation in the project people discovered their small homelands. By interacting in the project, they became ambassadors of Polishness. The article uses the method of document analysis, observation and case study.
Differing impact effects of extreme red tide algal blooms on mortality of Florida manatees
Authors: Black Simon A , Scott Lucy A , Leslie Samuel C
Published: February 2023

A significant cause of mortality in the endangered Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) is toxicity from the proliferation of aquatic algae Karenia brevis, known as Red Tide. Whilst several factors drive these so-called ‘Red Tide blooms’, the reasons for subsequent mass mortalities in manatees are not fully understood. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of existing case-by-case records of Red Tide effects on manatee mortality in coastal waters, estuaries and inland waterways of Florida, USA. We identify types of mortality events, some of which show predictability in location, seasonality, duration and impact on manatee mortality. Suggestions for monitoring and mitigation to reduce Red Tide impacts on manatees, from understanding predictable and exceptional instances of Red Tide algal blooms are provided.
A review of the physiology and biology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Vajargah Mohammad Forouhar
Published: February 2023

Tilapia is the name of a group of cichlid fish living in Africa that in the last half century, aquaculture in the tropics and subtropics have begun to breed. Cultivated species of tilapia can usually be distinguished from each other by different patterns of strips on the tail fin. Nile tilapia have brightly colored stripes on their tail fins and adult male have gray or pink pigments on their throat. These Species are usually more resistant to hypoxia, high salinity, high temperatures, and high levels of ammonia in the breeding water than other freshwater farmed species.
Sources of off-flavor in high nutrient-load Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ponds in north-central Bangladesh
Authors: Reza M Shaheed , Razu AA , Haque SA , Khan MNA , Kamal M
Published: February 2023

Recently, toxins and off-flavor compounds produced by phytoplankton in freshwater ponds have become a concern as it affects consumer acceptability and food safety. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between phytoplankton abundance and water-sediment physicochemical parameters in high-nutrient-load Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ponds from three sub-districts (upazila) in north-central Bangladesh. Water and sediment samples were collected from 9 randomly selected ponds of Sadar, Trishal, and Muktagachha upazila, and temperature, transparency, pH, phytoplankton concentration for water and pH, organic C and organic matter for sediment samples were determined. Water temperature and transparency were more or less similar across all the ponds, while pH varied significantly (p<0.05). Soil pH also varied significantly (p<0.05). The abundance of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, and Euglenophyceae in pond water was almost equal but Cyanophyceae differed among the ponds with the highest in Muktagachha (5.22±2.30×104 cells/L) and the lowest in Trishal (4.84±0.740×104 cells/L). Correspondingly, Algal Genus Pollution Index (AGPI) was employed to study the water quality of Nile tilapia ponds, and it revealed that ponds in Muktagaccha had ‘probable high organic pollution’ compared to ponds in the other two locations. Five cyanobacteria genera were identified viz., Anabaena, Aphanizominon, Gomphosphaeria, Mycrocystis and Osoillatoria where Anabaena showed a strong positive correlation with water temperature and pH. The significantly higher abundance of cyanobacteria in Muktagachha is possibly linked to the favorable water temperature and pH and indicates a higher risk of off-flavor creation in the Nile tilapia ponds from this upazila. It is, therefore suggested that the right management measures must be put in place to control the cyanobacteria to ensure the profitability of fish farming.
Isolation and characterization of xylose-utilizing yeasts for ethanol production
Authors: Yu San San , Hlaing Thet Su , Yu Swe Zin , Htet Nwe Ni Win
Published: February 2023

In this research work, twenty two xylose-utilizing yeasts were isolated from various sources. Although all isolates could assimilate all tested sugars, they have variations in sugar fermentation pattern. In temperature tolerant activity, almost all yeast isolates could grow well at 40°C. Weak growth of seven yeast isolates (YP3, YP4, YP7, YP8, YP11, YP12 and YP15) was occurred at 45°C. Yeast isolates could grow at pH range (pH3 to pH6) and their optimum growth was occurred at pH3 and pH4. Moreover, isolated yeast strains were tolerant to ethanol concentration of 5%. Some yeast isolates could grow at 7% ethanol concentration. Among all isolates, YP5 and YP14 could produce 1.1% and 1.5% of ethanol concentration respectively at 14 days incubation period and YP17 could produce 0.6% at 3 days incubation period.
Extent of pathogenic bacterial contamination of egg rolls sold by hawkers in Delta state, Nigeria
Authors: Nwachukwu Ezeugoigwe , Juliet Nwaki
Published: February 2023

The bacterial contamination of egg rolls sold by hawkers in Delta state was investigated. A total of 60 samples of egg rolls were randomly bought from hawkers from four major locations in Delta state and screened for pathogenic bacterial contamination. The samples were microbiologically analyzed using spread plate method of 1ml of dilution factor of 10-7 aliquot inoculums of the samples. The total aerobic count showed heavy contamination ranged from 2.50x106–4.80x108cfu/g, Staphylococcus aureus count ranged from 1.47x106-2.80x108 cfu/g and Enterobacteriaceae count ranged from 2.17x106-9.6x108 cfu/g. Probable organisms isolated from the egg rolls sold by hawkers were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Bacillus, Salmonella, Streptococcus, Proteus, Escherichia coli, Shigella and Micrococcus. Most of the egg rolls sampled were therefore considered to pose health risk to the consumers, making it imperative to institute sanitary measures during processing, storage and marketing of the egg rolls to prevent food borne illness.
Effects of Balanites aegyptiaca (Del) seed cake on growth and carcass performance of growing rabbit
Authors: AF Ogori , JO Makinde , J Ogori
Published: February 2023

A study on growth and carcass performance was conducted to evaluate the effect of Balanites aegyptiaca seed cake meal (BASCM) as a substitute for groundnut cake in the diet of growing rabbit. Five experimental diets were formulated representing the following treatments: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. T1 (0% BASCM) was served as the control diet, while T2, T3, T4 and T5 contained 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% BASCM respectively. A total of 100 weaner rabbits of mixed breeds were purchased from the National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Zaria, Nigeria. The rabbits were fed the control diet during the one week of adjustment period. They were given vitalyte as anti-stress and were dewormed using ivermectin, at the end of one week of adjustment; the rabbits were housed in different hutches and fed their respective experimental diet for one month. Each treatment contained 20 rabbits and these treatments’ (T1‒T5) each was replicated in four portions and each portion had five rabbits each. Results showed that all the parameters were significantly different (P<0.05) among the treatment groups. Balanites aegyptiaca seed cake meal can replace groundnut cake at 25% level inclusion without adverse effect on the rabbit physiology.
Time to tap the potential of synthetic conjugate vaccine technology as the future of conjugate vaccine market
Authors: Chhikara Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2023

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Iraqi tuberculosis (2003-2017): an silent hindrance infection
Authors: Al-Dahmoshi Hussein OM , Al-Khafaji Noor SK , Al-Allak Mohammed H
Published: February 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infection and public health problem attacking developing countries or those whose undergo food and drug depleting crisis. Tuberculosis regard important killer among top ten infectious agents and the mortality compile 10% of new registered cases among Asia and Africa. The socio-environmental factors play a vivid role in mass transfer of TB includes: low-ventilation, darkness, wetness and crowdedness. Tuberculosis is a public health priority in Iraq. Iraq regard one of the region of high burden of TB, and accounts for 3% of the total number of cases. There are a predictable 20 000 TB patients in Iraq with death rate of 20% annually. Iraq is one of the six countries (Egypt, Indonesia, Yemen , Netherland and UK) whose compile 9% of total incidence of TB worldwide. The results show high incidence, prevalence and mortality of TB-infected patients in years 2003 and 2004 and this can be interpreted due to bad and high shortage of health service in Iraq directly after 2003 invasion war by US army while years after 2004 (2005-2017) show decrease in incidence, prevalence and mortality. Concern the age groups of patients with TB, it seem the 25-34 years and 15-24 years were most common for male and female respectively. The current review conclude that, decreasing in incidence, prevalence and mortality for last 7 years due to application of national and international health polices of TB in Iraq.
The paradigm of ground meat as source of STEC in high risk area of HUS from Argentina
Authors: Alicia Broglio , Adriana Bentancor
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The aim of this work is to evaluate ground meat as infection source of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) to population of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Background: Argentina is the country with the highest rate of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The main agent of HUS is STEC, which produce a food borne disease at a low infective dose (<100 CFU/g). Cattle is a natural reservoir of STEC, and ground meat is a high-risk food since surface contamination is distributed throughout the meat. Tierra del Fuego (TDF) is part of the patagonian region of Argentina, which presents the highest rate of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Methods: In our study, all of the butcher shops in the island were sampled. Ninety-three samples of ground meat were taken from butcher shops enabled in three TDF communities. Samples were processed in accordance of the algorithm for STEC O157 and non-O157 STEC. Results: A total of 2.15% of the samples of ground meat from the retail outlets of TDF were suspected of O157: H7 non-STEC. STEC were absent in the sampling round. Conclusion: According to no one cases of HUS from TDF was reported at the National Vigilance System during our sampling period, we could not discard ground meat as the main source of STEC infection which cause HUS. Ground meat as infection source of STEC could not be discarded in TDF according to no report of HUS case was reported at National Vigilance System during to our sampling dates. Meat contamination could have a timely presentation coinciding with the cases of HUS. Also, other sources of infection could be involved locally. Prevention is a fundamental tool to use with HUS, it is necessary to implement various measures, including good manufacturing and hygiene practices, consumption and use of safe water at industry and home steps.
Effects of maternal tobacco smoking on breast milk composition and infant development: a literature review
Authors: Ahmed Faiza , Jean-Baptiste Fernand , Thompson Andre , Nwokorie Uzoamaka , Nya Godsgift Enebong , Bossous Paul-Moreau
Published: February 2023

Several research studies highlight the importance of breastfeeding. Breast milk is a necessary nutrient for infants as it provides everything they need during the most vulnerable stage of their lives. It contains antibodies that protect newborn babies against viruses, bacteria, and various kinds of illnesses that their undeveloped immune constitution cannot fight alone. Mothers are also encouraged to live a healthy lifestyle in order to produce good quality milk; they are advised to eat healthily to improve their ability to lactate properly. Thus, it is suggested that engaging in hazardous vices, mainly smoking, during the nursing period, may adversely impact upon the yield of breast milk and will lead to an unhealthy reaction in the infants. It is reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center of Health Statistics, that about 12% of women actively smoke during pregnancy, and that some of them try to quit unsuccessfully. Many women relapse back to their smoking habits, which causes drastic alterations to the composition of breast milk (2018). Smoking tobacco does not only attenuate the protective properties of breast milk, but also affects the baby's well-being. The specific pathophysiological mechanisms which underpin these adverse effects are still nebulous and warrant further research in the field. This literature review is a narrative synthesis of previous studies which were primarily scoped to the deleterious effects of tobacco on breast milk composition, the mother’s lactating process, and the development of the infant. A comprehensive search of the up-to-date, evidence-based literature was performed, and a meta-analysis of the results was conducted to come up with an appropriate conclusion. Previous studies have suggested that nicotine alters the quality of breast milk, and although the results are generally inconclusive, there are also recurrent themes which have emerged from these studies: nicotine smoking while breastfeeding can cause lactation issues among mothers, and the nicotine transferred through breast milk leads to a disruption in infants’ sleeping patterns. Previous studies have shown that breastfeeding mothers who smoke tobacco have increased levels of nicotine in their milk. The milk concentration of nicotine is three times higher than non-smokers plasma concentration. . Also, the quantity of breast milk produced is less, and the lactation period is much shorter than usual. Smoking is very hazardous and dangerous to an infant’s health. It changes not only the milk's taste but also its composition by reducing the essential protective properties required for the survival of the baby. It also affects how the infant responds to breastfeeding. It is advisable for breastfeeding mothers to abstain from nicotine smoking for the safety and overall wellbeing of their child.