bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFORMATION GAP TASKS: MOTIVATING AND ENCOURAGING TALK IN ENGLISH CLASSROOMS
Authors: Kaur Paramjit Karpal Singh , Chan Xian Wei
Published: April 2023

This study examines how the use of information gap tasks in an English language classroom promoted the use of wh-questions among learners and increased interaction among learners. Literature shows that there is a tendency for language teachers to control the patterns of classroom communication as well as control talk in the classroom, thus limiting interaction and talk among learners. In second language acquisition, learners need to interact in the target language as studies show that learners need to learn to talk and also talk to learn (Tsui, 1995; 2017). Questioning is an important pathway for learners to learn as well as create a talk to acquire language. This paper examines the use of information gap tasks to encourage and promote interaction via wh-questions among learners in a primary vernacular public school in Malaysia. The study adopts a mixed method approach to datacollection where pre-and post-tests were used to analyze the effects of information-gap tasks on wh-questions use. Interaction analysis was also done to examine how learners from different levels of proficiency interacted during the information-gap tasks. The findings of this study revealed that the use of information-gap tasks improved the learners’ use of interrogative pronouns in terms of constructing questions to obtain their desired answers as well as encouraging interactions. Information-gap tasks are suitable tasks and tools to be used in the language classroom to encourage talk and interaction amongst learners to aid language development.
ENHANCING ESL STUDENTS’ SPEAKING MOTIVATION THROUGH INSTAGRAM (IG)
Authors: Mat Ishak Siti Mardhihah , Yaacob Aizan
Published: April 2023

This study addresses the issue of investigating how Instagram (IG) helps to enhance students’ speaking skills in English, particularly their confidence and motivation in speaking. While many studies have looked at the impact of IG on language learning, little is known about Instagram could enhance ESL students’ communication skills. A qualitative case study was conducted which involved 6 students selected based on the purposive sampling technique, at one multi-ethnic secondary school in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Multiple methods such as pre and post-interview sessions and IG postings were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed thematically and via content analysis. The findings revealed three themes associated with IG which are: Connecting, sharing and learning. IG also helped to enhance ESL students’ motivation and confidence in using English. It is recommended that language teachers implement media platform such as Instagram to create more conducive language learning environment. It also contributes to new ideas and knowledge on how teachers and learners can conceptualize and use Instagram in English speaking-lessons.
SUPPORTING SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ LEARNING OF PHYSICS: EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF PhET SIMULATION AND MoPSIF MODULE
Authors: Mohd Najib Mohd Nizar , Mat Ali Ruzlan , Yaacob Aizan
Published: April 2023

Mastery of the Physics concept and the ability to apply this knowledge in everyday life can contribute to the development of the country. However, the skills of secondary school students in physics subject are less impressive. The fact is that learning experience in the classroom, also known as conventional learning, leaves a meaningful impression on students. Thus, a study on the topic of Forces and Motion – Forces in Equilibrium was conducted on Form Four students at a secondary school in the Northern Peninsular Malaysia. Qualitative data through in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted on four students from the experimental group. The main purpose of the study was to explore students’ opinion on learning physics by using conventional method as opposed to learn physics using PhET Simulation supported by MoPSIF Module. Thematic analysis from the interview found that the characteristics of students who learned physics via conventional method were lack of interest, boredom, not actively engaging in group activities, less friendly teacher-student interactions, and limited to reference books and textbooks for self-learning. On the other hand, learning physics using PhET Simulation and MoPSIF Module had a positive impact on students’ interest and motivation, the pleasure of studying as a group or self-learning, help to study for exams, and suitable as a method of learning physics for home-based teaching and learning. It is recommended that PhET Simulation supported by MoPSIF Module be used to enhance students’ learning in physics subject especially during pandemic.
OPTIMIZING GOOGLE SITES IN LEARNING: EMERGING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION POST COVID-19 IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Osman Rusmawati , Awang Mohd Isha , Abdul Aziz Muhammad Noor
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the education system, impacting teachers in various ways. Apart from the difficulty in e-Learning modes of instruction and insufficient social support, teachers must keep instructional time and application use at high performance. Due to distancing learning also, Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) has been abolished. In responding to the current school-based assessment and the challenging factor of Malaysians’ educators to stay ahead in the digital post-COVID-19 age, we have invented a new learning environment using HyperDoc with Google Sites (GS). Hence, this study was set out to explore sample views on the pedagogical strategy regarding GS application and to elaborate further on the resulting development of students. A case study was conducted with two participating lecturers, and 22 students from a teacher training institute (IPGKDa) and data analysis was carried out manually using open and thematic coding methods. In particular, we have categorised the participants’ responses into two main themes: teachers’ dissatisfaction and impact on students’ learning. The results suggest that utilising digital technologies in meaningful ways would become the answer to bridge the gap despite the pandemic crisis. The authentic learning environment strategies have provided directions to accelerate a highly competent 21st-century learner. As the teacher trainee institution, we aim to reinvent a better future post-COVID-19 for sustainable education by implementing and curating technology solutions that will meet the needs of current educators, especially primary school teachers. Strategies employed would also be able to guide further research in Malaysia to cope with the educational loss and, simultaneously, prepare the independent students for a future post-COVID-19.
THE EFFECT OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN TERMS OF WOMEN’S MENTAL HEALTH DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Muniandy Venothiney Dewi , Mariamdaran Chethiyar Saralah Devi , Gianesan Krishnavani , Equatora Muhammad Ali
Published: April 2023

The most common issue throughout this pandemic is domestic violence. Women are the most victims of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic. Domestic violence is a pattern of aggression, torture, or harassment used to retain authority over a spouse in a close relationship. Around 57% of domestic violence cases were reported from women during Movement Control Order in Malaysia. The objective of this study is to identify the effect on the issue of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic. The researchers employed quantitative approaches to collect long-term data on domestic violence incidents during the COVID-19 Pandemic with four registered counselors from the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) and the Department of Social Welfare. According to the counselor’s perspective, the study’s findings show several effects of domestic violence during the Covid-19  pandemic.
PERCEPTIONS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON LISTENING ACTIVITIES IN A SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOM IN A REMOTE SCHOOL IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ho Ho Sing , Ab Rahman Faizahani , Veloo Arsaythamby
Published: April 2023

Most English language teaching classes do not teach language listening strategies nor skills. Due to this, most students especially those in rural areas will not be able to perform well in listening activities and tasks. This research looks at the perceptions and understanding of students in a rural school on their listening strategies. Open-ended questionnaire was used along with focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews looking at their awareness and usage of listening strategies in ESL classrooms. Most of the students are indigenous, therefore, they mentioned that they hardly use any strategies and they are not aware of those strategies. Findings also indicated they find the strategies to be not useful since they do not see the reasons for using these strategies due to their background. Although they felt that they have no reasons to use or study these strategies, they do admit that it will be useful as this could help to sharpen their listening skills.
GAMIFIKASI DALAM PdPR: INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN QUIZZIZ
Authors: Jamaludin Nur Intan Syazwani , Mohamad Deris Hosni Mubarak , Yaafar Noor Syuhada , Mohamad Zain Farah
Published: April 2023

Home-based teaching and learning (PdPR) is one of the alternatives chosen by the Ministry of Education Malaysia to replace face-to-face schooling as an initiative to prevent dropouts in education. PdPR is implemented when students are unable to attend school due to the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world beginning in early 2020. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of interest and readiness of students to accept the use of gamification methods during PdPR using Quizizz. A descriptive quantitative study design applying a survey method is used to obtain information from 128 Form One students in a secondary school in Kedah selected by using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire adapted from a previous study and containing 16 items. The research instrument has a high-reliability value that is between the range of 0.74 to 0.85. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics namely frequency and percentage. The level of interest and willingness of students to accept the use of gamification methods during PdPR using Quizizz is good and most of them agree with the statements given regarding motivation, learning, teamwork, and learning strategies. Educators  need to be aware of the priority of attracting interest and acceptance of students in the integration of technology introduced to increase their involvement in academic activities thus contributing to a good understanding and showing encouraging performance.
Danh sách phản biện
Authors: - -
Published: April 2023

Danh sách phản biện chuyên san
Một phương pháp mới khai thác các mẫu hữu ích cao thú vị
Authors: Bắc Lê Hoài , Cảnh Huỳnh Xuân , Bảy Võ Đình
Published: April 2023

Mining high utility itemsets is an important problem in datamining. This supplies more benefit itemsets than the traditional itemsets, but many high utility itemsets is not important because the poor relations among the items inside them. Recently, the theory of the high utility and interesting itemsets and the mining method have been proposed. A high utility and interesting itemset is a subset of a high utility itemset, and its relations are strong. In this paper, we introduce the KWU-Mining algorithm to mine the high utility and interesting itemsets based on the WIT tree structure. The experiment results of  the KWU-Mining algorithm show that they are effective in many transaction databases.
Analysis of Protein and Fat Content in Beef Meatballs Sold in the Kefamenanu City
Authors: Kolo Dionicio Natalino , Kia Kristoforus W. , Tahuk Paulus Klau
Published: April 2023

­This study aims to analyze  the protein content and fat content of  meatballs sold  in the city of kefamenanu. This research has been carriend out at the architektural livestock chemistry laboratory Nusa Cendana University. The methods Used to measure the protein content and fat content are Soxhlet Extraction Method and the Macro-Kjehldahl Method. The variables observed were the protein content and fat content sold  in the city of  Kefamenanu. The data obtained were tabulated using  tables and graphs and then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that  the protein content and fat content of beef meatballs circulating in the city of kefamenanu has a protein content below the SNI standard, while the fat content of beef meatballs has met SNI standard.
A Qualitative Exploration of the Perceived Social Benefits of Playing Table-top Role-playing Games
Authors: Orr Matthew , King Sara , McGonnell Melissa
Published: April 2023

This study explored the lived experiences of young adults who play tabletop role-playing games (TRPGs) to gain deeper insights into the perceived social impact of tabletop role-playing games. Six young adults (3 men, 3 women) between the ages of 19 and 24 (M = 21.2, SD = 2.6) were recruited from role-playing communities within Nova Scotia, Canada. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess perceived social competence and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect detailed qualitative data about lived experiences with role-playing games. Responses on the SDQ indicated that participants had typical strengths and difficulties with respect to social competence at the time of the current study. The qualitative description indicated the emergence of four main themes related to role-playing games from the interviews: Content Focus, Social Focus, Creativity Focus, and Identity Focus. The themes present in the interviews are consistent with findings from previous case study research, suggesting that role-playing games may have the potential to improve perceived social competence, and further elucidate the lived experiences of people who play role-playing games in terms of why they engage with tabletop role-playing games.
Year Zero Economics - Using Edu-Larping to Explore Economic Systems in the Ninth Grade
Authors: Koziej Ken , Hellström Mikael
Published: April 2023

The curriculum of the province of Alberta, Canada, stipulates that grade nine students learn about economics, comparing the United States and Canada (Alberta Education 2007). Supervisor Ken Koziej assigned Mikael Hellström to teach this unit to three grade nine classes during his practicum. Hellström had pioneered the use of edu-larps, game-based learning, and gamification as a sessional instructor at the Universities of Alberta and Calgary (Hellström 2016; 2017) and chose those methods to deliver the unit. The game design for the tabletop role-playing game Mutant: Year Zero (The Free League 2015) incorporates mechanics for play on three levels: character, for world exploration; resource extraction and world exploration; and base building. The latter two levels effectively create an in-game economy. Collaborating with his supervisor, Hellström adapted them for classroom use. The goal was to create a unit fulfilling Mochocki’s (2014) criteria for edu-larp, in other words, that it is a) mono-disciplinary and targets a single school subject; b) knowledge-oriented and communicates textbook subject matter to students; and c) teacher-friendly, by not demanding time-consuming preparations. This paper describes the unit, the process of converting elements of Mutant: Year Zero for teaching, how students played the unit, and the post-game evaluation. While the unit did not fulfill all of Mochocki’s criteria, student engagement was high, consistent with previous findings on game-based learning (Prensky 2005; Gee 2007; Hattie 2009).
SCREENING OF SECONDARY METABOLITE PHOTOCHEMICALS EXTRACT 96% LEAF’S MAHKOTA DEWA (PHALERIA MACROCARPA) IN THE COASTAL AREA OF BENGKULU CITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Dewiani Kurnia , Versita Riana , Purnama Yetti
Published: April 2023

Tropical diseases are infectious diseases that occur in tropical regions. The causes of tropical diseases are various types of infections, ranging from viral, bacterial, and fungal to parasitic infections. The pharmacological treatment implemented. Further, non-pharmacological treatment is widely used, but it has side effects, and the level of danger and risk is much lower than synthetic chemical drugs. Some potential plants in Indonesia have been used for treatment, such as Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa). This plant helps treat microbial infections and menstrual pain, lower blood sugar, prevent the side effects of chemotherapy drugs, and lower blood pressure. The study aims to screen for the phytochemical content of secondary metabolites from the leaves of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa). The method was the maceration in the BPOM laboratory and the Diploma Program of Pharmacy of The University of Bengkulu.

The Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) contains chemicals known as secondary metabolites. The results of the secondary metabolite screening of the leaves Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) showed the presence of alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and tannins. Antibacterials ingredients include flavonoids and saponins, antifungal and antibacterial, with three mechanisms: inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, inhibiting cytoplasmic membrane function, and inhibiting energy metabolism. The flavonoid compound of the flavone class has the potential as an antibacterial with potent inhibition against Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria) and Bacillus subtilis (gram-positive bacteria) because it has an OH group bound to CH. The study concluded that the leaves of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) located in the coastal area of Bengkulu city are phenol, alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and tannins
IMPROVING FAMILY SUPPORT ON PREVENTING OBESITY CHILDREN THROUGH FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
Authors: Rizona Firnaliza , Appulembang Yeni Anna , Rahmawatif Fuji
Published: April 2023

The number of childhood obesity has increased strikingly in the world over the past 3 decades. The family support was needed specially to prevent and resolve obesity on school age children. This study aimed to know the effect of focus group discussion for increasing family support to prevent and resolve the obesity problem on children. This study was used pre-experimental method to analyze the data. The number of family was 20 mothers at elementary school in Palembang city —the data was collected by using questioner after conducting focus group discussion. The statistic result showed that was an increasing family support number with p-value =0,034. Focus group discussion could become a method for increasing family support to children. Family could give information about obesity, provide a good nutrition, and optimized physical activity to children.
DIETARY INTAKE OF WOMEN WITH A HISTORY OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Khir Hannah Izzati Mohamed , Yusof Barakatun Nisak Mohd , Hasbullah Farah Yasmin
Published: April 2023

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with significant short- and long-term unfavourable health effects for both the mother and fetus, and lifestyle advise including dietary modification is of utmost importance. However, dietary intake among women with a history of GDM is uncertain. This study described the dietary intake of women with a history of GDM. This study recruited women with a history of GDM (n = 157) from Klinik Kesihatan Seri Kembangan, Selangor and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor. Dietary intake was assessed using a three-day 24-hour dietary recall. The mean age of the respondents was 34.7 ± 5.6 years, with a majority being of Malay ethnicity (84.1%). The mean energy intake of the respondents was 1387 ± 385 kcal/day, with the mean carbohydrate and protein intakes within the recommended nutrient intakes (RNI) while fat intake exceeded the RNI. Dietary intake among women with a history of GDM reported herein is not optimal and may set out as a guide in determining the ideal diet for this population for early preventive intervention measures to be delivered in these high-risk individuals.
RED GINGER STEW LOWERS BLOOD PRESSURE IN ELDERLY WITH HYPERTENSION IN BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Heriyanto Hendri , Nugraha Bayu Adhi , Hariadi Efrizon
Published: April 2023

Hypertension is a state of increased blood pressure that exceeds the normal threshold of 120/80 mmHg, namely systolic exceeding 140 mmHg and diastolic exceeding 90 mmHg. Hypertension is one of the special concerns of world health, especially in developing countries because it is the highest cause of death worldwide. This study aims to determine the effect of steeping red red ginger on changes in blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension in the work area of the Sawah Lebar Health Center, Bengkulu City. The research design used a quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group design. To find the sampling used sampling technique is random sampling. The number of respondents 44 people consisting of 22 respondents for each group. The treatment given was boiled red ginger water while the control group only boiled ordinary ginger. The data collection instrument used a tension meter and a questionnaire. The results of statistical tests using man whitney on systolic blood pressure obtained ap value of 0.001 (p value a 0.05) on diastolic blood pressure, p value of 0.001 (p value a 0.05). So that it can be interpreted that there is an effect of therapeutic intervention of red ginger boiled water on reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension
IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL MODELO DE LA CONSULTORÍA INTEGRAL COLABORATIVA EN LA EMPRESA AVOCADO EXPORT COMPANY S.A. DE C.V. EN EL MUNICIPIO DE URUAPAN MICHOACÁN PARA AUMENTAR LA PRODUCTIVIDAD DEL PROCESO DE EMPAQUE DE AGUACATE DE EXPORTACIÓN
Authors: Gaona López Hugo Antonio , Cázares Chávez Denisse
Published: April 2023

La globalización ha generado que las empresas se encuentren en constante cambio, motivo por el cual se requiere la implementación de un sistema que mejore la competitividad y reduzca al mínimo los errores y reprocesos. Los principales factores que afectan a la productividad son: la mano de obra, equipo, instalaciones, materiales y recursos financieros. Para aumen­tar la productividad se requiere principalmente la capacitación del recurso humano a través de la sensibilización, con la finalidad de que conozcan que la calidad no está en las cosas que hace la gente sino en la gente que hace las cosas. La empresa AVOCADO EXPORT COMPANY, S.A de C.V presentaba áreas de oportunidad en la producción. El principal objetivo del presente estudio fue aumentar la productividad mediante la aplica­ción de la Consultoría Integral Colaborativa (CIC), el cual se basa en la participación de los implicados para la identificación de problemas y las propuestas de solución. A través de la implementación de mejoras, uno de los resultados obtenidos fue la eficiencia del tiempo del proceso, así como la disminución de errores y reprocesos, con lo cual la mejor forma de llegar a la productividad es a través de la calidad y la calidad implica la mejora integral.
LA DETERMINACIÓN INCORRECTA DE LOS ACTIVOS DE UNA EMPRESA, ORIGINA EL SURGIMIENTO DE UN CRÉDITO FISCAL
Authors: Chávez Chávez José Luis
Published: April 2023

Con el presente trabajo se trata de crear conciencia tanto en empresarios como en contadores públicos a fin de no alterar los activos de una empresa intentando generar menor pago por tributo, puesto que muchas veces son los mismos empresarios que convencen a los contadores en mostrar can­tidades que resultan inferiores a las que verdaderamente adquieren; situa­ción que al ser demostrada por una autoridad fiscal bajo sus facultades de comprobación trae consigo consecuencias muy severas desde la aplicación de un crédito fiscal para el contribuyente directo, hasta incluso responsa­bilidad solidaria para el contador o peor aún que se pueda configurar un delito fiscal. Es por ello la preocupación y al ser notorio este problema en la vida práctica de la contabilidad, que se propone en este trabajo meca­nismos que puedan ser benéficos para las empresas sin omitir ingresos, por el contrario declarando sus percepciones a fin de evitar problemas futuros con la autoridad fiscal.
Study on prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of dermatological disorders in hospitalized dogs at Madras Veterinary College (MVC), Chennai, India
Authors: Akter Sharmin , Kabir Hossain , Biswas Sreekanta , Paul Pranab , Hasan Tanjila
Published: April 2023

The skin, sometimes known as the integumentary System is, in fact, the largest organ of the body. It performs many functions that are important in maintaining homeostasis in the body. Probably the most important of these functions is the control of body temperature. The skin also protects the body from physical damage and bacterial invasion. The skin has an array of sense organs which sense the external environment and also cells which can make vitamin D in sunlight. A study was undertaken of the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of dermatological disorders in hospitalized dogs at Madras Veterinary College (MVC), Chennai, India from 1st May to 30th May, 2017. Total 220 cases were observed and recorded that had a dermatological problem. Among the dog pruritus (86%), alopecia (63%), scaling (77%), maculo-papular-pustular lesion (91%) were the most common presenting sign. A diagnosis or recommendation for treatment was done on the basis of the presenting clinical signs, physical examination and various diagnostic tests. In this study most of the cases were diagnosed by multiple and deep skin scrapings (100 cases) and by dermato-histopathology (70 cases). The most frequently diagnosed cases were Malassezia dermatitis, Demodicosis, Scabies and Tick infestation. Tick infestation accounted for the majority of the diagnoses. Systemic antibiotics were prescribed in 9% cases, systemic antifungal drugs were prescribed in 7% cases, systemic glucocorticoids were prescribed in 10% cases, antihistaminic in 6% cases and treatment with an ectoparasiticide was prescribed in 73% cases.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 1-6
Socio-economic status and husbandry practices of indigenous goat rearing community in Bangladesh
Authors: Jalil MA , Choudhury MP
Published: April 2023

The research was conducted of a indigenous goat rearing community named “Deshi Chaagol Palon Mohila Somoby Somity Ltd” at three villages namely Pachpai, Borochala and Gangatia under Bhaluka Upazilla, Mymensingh district. Fifty (50) farmers were selected randomly in the study area to conduct baseline survey with help of well organized questionnaire which developed through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. Among livestock, 31 % goat, 29% chicken and 28% cattle were reared in the project areas. 49% goats were solid Black and 36% were Black Boiragi. The profession of the farmer was agriculture (80%). The education level of the farmers was 32% illiterate and 36% were also completed primary education (1-5 class). The average family size, annual income and land size were 4.28±0.15, 83910.00±4330.61 Tk. and 45.78±6.12 decimal, respectively. Farmer’s goat rearing experience was 11.70±1.05 years. Maximum farmers (76%) were reared their goats by semi-intensive systems. Development of data based on socio-economic status of farmers during this study might help in decision making on evaluation of performance of goat at farmer’s community.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 11-16
Prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) food-borne pathogens in raw chicken meat in Dhaka city, Bangladesh: an increasing food safety concern
Authors: Islam Mahfuzul , Sabrin Mirza Synthia , Kabir Md Hazzaz Bin , Karim Shah Jungy Ibna , Sikder Tahmina
Published: April 2023

The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) food-borne pathogens in raw chicken meat in Dhaka city, Bangladesh: an increasing food safety concern. A total of 100 meat samples (05 from each market) were collected from randomly selected 20 retail markets of Dhaka city using sterile polythene bags in a view to prevent extraneous contamination. The collected meat samples were then processed and inoculated onto nutrient broth and nutrient agar plates for isolation. The isolated organisms were identified based on staining, motility, cultural and biochemical properties according to standard laboratory methods. The isolated bacteria were also subjected to characterize their antibiotic sensitivity. In the present study, it was revealed that 100% of samples were contaminated by at least one species of bacteria belonging to 5 genera such as Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Enterobacter and Bacillus. Out of total 100 meat samples, 56% were contaminated with Escherichia coli whereas 42% were contaminated with Coagulase positive Staphylococcus and 36% were Salmonella species followed by 20%, 14% and 10% were contaminated with Enterobacter species, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Bacillus species respectively. A total of 174 bacteria were isolated and identified from raw chicken meat samples inspected of which 29.89% were Escherichia coli, 24.14% were Coagulase positive Staphylococcus, 20.69% were Salmonella species, 11.49% were Enterobacter species, 8.05% were Coagulase negative Staphylococcus and 5.75% were Bacillus species. The antimicrobial sensitivity tests showed that 96.15% of Escherichia coli (50 out of 52), 95.24% of Coagulase positive Staphylococcus (40 out of 42) and 86.11% of Salmonella (31 out of 36) isolates displayed multidrug resistance phenotypes (resistant to more than two antimicrobial agents). All most all the isolates of E. coli, coagulase positive Staphylococcus and Salmonella were more resistant to tetracycline, amoxicillin, ampicillin and streptomycin whereas less resistant to Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime. The resistance patterns against azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, nalidixic acid and kanamycin were fluctuated from 25% to 71.43% among the isolates. This increasing development of multidrug resistance is alarming for the poultry industry and an increasing food safety concern for human.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 17-27
Response of dairy farm’s wastewater irrigation and fertilizer interactions to soil health for maize cultivation in Bangladesh
Authors: Das Nilima , Islam Md Touhidul , Islam Md Symum , Adham AKM
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted at the experimental field of the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to demonstrate the evidence of the suitability of dairy farm’s wastewater on soil properties in a maize field under three fertilizer doses and three irrigation treatments. Irrigation had three treatments - I1: Irrigation with fresh water, I2: Irrigation with mixed water (fresh water: dairy farm’s wastewater = 1:1) and I3: Irrigation with raw wastewater. There were three fertilizer treatments - F0: No fertilizer, F1: Half of recommended dose fertilizer and F2: Full dose fertilizer. Wastewater contained different nutrients and organic matter, which optimistically contributed to the soil in the maize field. Both irrigation and fertilizer treatments employed different degrees of influence on the soil health. For the effect of irrigation treatments, the highest values of EC (0.223 dS/m), pH (8.18), OC (0.3733 %), total N (0.046 %), P (7.65 ppm), K (33 .08 ppm), Ca (297.80 ppm) and Mg (109.9 ppm) were recorded under the treatment of I3, I1, I1, I1, I3, I1, I2 and I3, respectively, and the lowest values of the soil quality parameters were counted under the treatment of I1, I3, I3, I3, I2, I2, I1, and I2, respectively. In case of fertilizer treatments, the maximum values of the soil quality parameters were obtained under the treatment of F2, F2, F0, F1, F2, F1, F1, and F1, respectively, and the lowest values were obtained under the treatment of F0, F0, F1, F0, F0, F0, F0, F2, respectively. For the irrigation and fertilizer interactions, the maximum values of EC (0.250 dS/m), pH (8.20), OC (0.38 %), total N (0.059 %), P (8.37 ppm), K (48.0 ppm), Ca (374.9 ppm) and Mg (112.60 ppm) were recorded under the treatment combinations I3F0, I1F2, I3F2, I1F2, I3F2, I3F1, I2F0 and I3F2, respectively, and thye lowest values were recorded under the treatment combinations of I2F0, I1F0, I1F0, I1F0, I2F0, I2F0, I2F2 and I2F2, respectively.  Both the irrigation and fertilizer treatments and their combinations did not cause any significant variation in the quality parameters of the soil, except soil pH and phosphorus (P) content of the soil in the maize field.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 33-39
Effect of adding different additives on silage quality and milk production of lactating crossbred cows
Authors: Islam Md Shariful , Akbar Md Ali , Khan Md Jasimuddin , Habib Md Rezwanul , Ali Md Younus , Islam Md Ahidul
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of urea-molasses and di-calcium phosphate additives on silage quality and milk yield of cows. Hence, three types of silages were prepared from Napier fodder namely-Napier silage, urea and molasses added Napier silage (UMN); and di-calcium phosphate added Napier (DCPN) silage. These types of silage fed to the selected nine lactating Holstein-Friesian crossbred cows and divided into three groups considering three of each. Along with 5 kg of respective silages, ad-libitum rice straw and 3 kg concentrate mixture supplied to each group of cows. Physical attributes of all prepared silages were possessing characteristics of good quality silage. Dry matter content in UMN and DCPN silages were 1.67 and 1.01% higher than Napier silage. UMN silage had 1.59 and 2.33% lower ADF from Napier and DCPN silage, respectively. Again, 1.29% higher NH3-N presents in UMN silage than Napier silage. From 1st to 4th fortnight milk yield data it was found that 23.70, 23.19 and 27.06% milk production increased those cows received Napier, UMN and DCPN silage, respectively. Considering above these, it might be concluded that addition of di-calcium phosphate as additive during silage making would be beneficial for the dairy farmers.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 40-44
Occurrence of Salmonella and Vibrio species in fresh fishes collected from different markets of Mymensingh, Gazipur and Sherpur districts of Bangladesh and their characterization
Authors: Dutta Amit , Kabir SM Lutful , Hossain Muhammad Tofazzal
Published: April 2023

This study was undertaken to determine total viable count (TVC), total salmonella count (TSC) and total vibrio count (TVibC) in fresh fishes collected from markets of Mymensingh, Gazipur and Sherpur districts. Isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. and Vibrio spp. was also done from pangas (n=20), tilapia (n=20) and koi (n=20) collected from different markets of Mymensingh, Gazipur and Sherpur districts. Samples were cultured on plate count agar to determine TVC, xylose-lysine deoxycholate agar (XLD) to determine TSC and thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar (TCBS) to determine TVibC. The mean value of logarithm colony forming units (CFU±SD/g) of TVC, TSC and TVibC in pangas were log 9.09±0.616, log 5.32±0.391 & log 3.14±0.557CFU/g; log 8.46±0.441, log 5.26±0.589 & log 3.59±0.823 CFU/g and log 7.58±0.466, log 3.28±0.493 & log 2.88±0.386 CFU/g of Mymensingh, Gazipur and Sherpur, respectively. Similarly, the mean values of TVC, TSC and TVibC in tilapia were log 6.60±0.790, log 3.59±0.388 & log 3.75±0.176 CFU/g; log 6.55±0.553, log 3.26±0.502 & log 3.67±0.021 CFU/g and log 6.74±0.372, log 3.44±0.411 & log 3.05±0.609 CFU/g of Mymensingh, Gazipur and Sherpur, respectively and in koi were log 7.51±0.537, log 3.49±0.459 & log 3.35±0.390 CFU/g; log 7.66±0.752, log 3.25±0.465 & log 3.59±0.581 CFU/g and log 7.13±0.393, log 3.27±0.384 & log 3.43±0.297 CFU/g of Mymensingh, Gazipur and Sherpur respectively. The targeted Vibrio spp. and Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified from collected fishes. All the isolates of Salmonella were confirmed by targeting genus specific histidine transport operon gene. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was done for all the isolates of Salmonella and Vibrio species by disc diffusion method. Out of forty five isolates of Salmonella, seven were found multidrug resistant. The bacteria isolated from fish were of public health significance as well as responsible for spoilage of fish.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 45-51
Determination of efficacy of different Newcastle disease vaccine used in broiler chickens
Authors: Khanam Jobaida , Rahman Md Mostafizer , Fakhruzzaman Md , Rumi Nazmi Ara
Published: April 2023

The present study was designed to determine the protection afforded by different vaccination programs against the Newcastle disease virus. A serological survey on the prevalence of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was carried out in broilers chicken in Dinajpur districts. For this reason, a total of 75 serum samples were collected form broiler chickens and samples were divided into five groups, each group contain 15 chickens. Group E did not receive any vaccine and served as a negative control group. Groups A-D were vaccinated with different vaccination programs against NDV. From this experimental work the principal objectives of the present investigation it may be stated that production of Hl-antibody was higher in birds of group D vaccinated with CevacVitapest-LR compared to those of group A vaccinated with Medivac NDLaSotaR, group B vaccinated with BCRDV(R) and group C vaccinated with Izovac. B, HitchnerR. Thus, the CevacVitapest-LR was found to be superior to some extent than Medivac ND-LaSota, BCRDVR, Izovac B, Hitchnert. However, as regards vaccination of chicks against NDV in earlier days the use of lentogenic strains are recommended although it should be kept in mind that vaccination with LaSota strains would cause considerately greater problems in young susceptable birds than Hitchner B1 strain and even through LaSota induces a stronger immune response.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 52-58
Comparative study on feeding of growth promoter (Aviator™) and enzymes (Acinor™) on growth performance of broiler
Authors: Islam Md Nurnoby , Rahman Md Shajedur , Islam Md Faruk , Hoque Md Fazlul , Rumi Nazmi Ara
Published: April 2023

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of growth promoter (Aviator™) and enzymes (Acinor™) with basal feed. A total of 40 Cobb-500 Broiler day old chicks were reared in an open sided gable type house for a period of 5 weeks from 24th september to 28th october, 2017. Body weight and feed intake were recorded on day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Birds were randomly distributed into four dietary groups i.e control (T0) with basal diet, T1 with basal diet and growth promoter (GP) @ 2 gm/kg of feed; T2 with basal diet and enzymes (EZ) @ 0.4 gm/kg of feed and T3 with basal diet and GP plus EZ (2 gm/kg + 0.4 gm/kg). The records were kept on body weight, feed intake and mortality while weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survivability were calculated. Broiler chicks that received GP and a combination of GP+EZ treatments showed significant improvement in performance (p<0.05) over control with respect to body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield. Cost-effectiveness of GP+EZ treatment higher than all other treatments but GP and EZ had almost similar cost-effectiveness. Feeding EZ alone had comparatively less weight gain and almost similar feed conversion ratio compared with GP groups but it’s performance was significantly better than that of control group. This study indicated that the diet containing GP+EZ offered slightly increased benefits to the growth performance of  broilers and these benefits were almost equal to the GP. It is revealed that growth promoter (Aviator™) supplementation with enzymes (Acinor™) is beneficial for broiler production.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 59-66
Comparative efficacy of black cumin and domperidone therapy on milk yield and fat percentage of indigenous cow
Authors: Goswami Debobrota Roy , Islam Rakibul , Hasan Md Mahmudul , Sarkar Sumon , Aziz Fahima Binthe , Pervez Mst Misrat Masuma , Salauddin Md
Published: April 2023

The current study was designed to improve milk production and milk fat percentage by supplemented with black cumin and domperidone for thirteen weeks during lactation in indigenous cows. The experiment was performed in Kaligonjupazila of Lalmonirhat under the department of Physiology and Pharmacology, HSTU, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. At 7 days of lactation 16 deshi cows were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=4 lactating cows in each group). Group T1 was kept as control, Group T2 was treated with domperidone (Motigut®) orally at a dose of 100 mg /day per cow, Group T3 was treated with Black Cumin Seed Powder (BCSP) at a dose of 80 g orally per cow per day and Group T4 was treated with combination of domperidone with Black Cumin Seed Powder (BCSP) as above mentioned doses. All the animals were dewormed and vaccinated at initial stage. Over the course of the trial, observations were recorded for milk production and fat percentage in milk. Milk production were increased significantly (P<0.05) in all treated groups compared to the control group and highest was recorded in combined domperidone with Black Cumin Seed Powder (BCSP) group (Group T4). Production level increased significantly (p<0.05) in all treated groups and highest was recorded in cows of group T4. The present study reveals that additional supplementation with domperidone plus Black Cumin Seed Powder (BCSP) in feed of lactating cows should better performance over other groups in respect to increase milk production and fat percentage in milk without any health hazard in indigenous cows. This technology may be transferred to farmers since drug (Domperidone) and supplement (BCSP) is available and require minimum stillness.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 67-71
Isolation and molecular detection of duck plague virus for the development of vaccine seed
Authors: Soma Sabiha Sultana , Nazir KHM Nazmul Hussain , Rahman Md Tanvir , Rahman Md Mizanur , Ara Mosammat Shamim , Sultana Rebeka , Haydar Md Rifat , Siddique Mahbubul Pratik , Rahman Md Bahanur
Published: April 2023

The present study was carried out for the isolation and molecular detection of duck plague virus (DPV) for the development of inactivated vaccine seed from the local outbreaks. A total of 12 suspected dead duck samples were collected from commercial farms and local market at Sunamganj, Netrokona and Mymensingh districts. Then, the samples were processed and prepared inocula were inoculated into 9-12 days old duck embryonated eggs. In duck embryonated eggs, several passages (3-4) were performed before infection into DEF cell culture. Presence of viral DNA was confirmed by PCR using the primer for DNA polymerase gene. After PCR confirmation, virus cultured in DEF cell was used for the preparation of formalin (0.12%) inactivated and oil based adjuvanted vaccine and was experimentally injected to 18 ducklings and 5 were kept as control. TCID50 of the selected virus for vaccine preparation was 108.70/ml. The mean passive haemagglutination assay (PHA) titre of sera of samples at 0 days, 7 days and 14 days post vaccination were 4.0±0, 14.22±1.78 and 44.44±4.4, respectively, which indicated significant (p<0.01) increase of antibody titre. Embryonated duck eggs and DEF cell culture are effective for virus isolation and on the basis of PHA test, it could also be suggested that the experimentally developed DP vaccine can be used successfully for the prevention of DP in Bangladesh.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (1), 78-85
Culture and management techniques of Vietnamese Koi
Authors: Faruk Al , Hossain Amir , Abdulla-Al-Asif - , Bhuiyan Md Nurul Mahmud , Sarker Md Jahangir
Published: April 2023

The first time study approach about culture and management in Bangladesh was conducted to observe the induce breeding, nursing and rearing technique of Vietnam koi (Anabas testudineus) fish culture in fresh water farm in Mymensingh region, Bangladesh for a period of 120 days from May, 2013 to August, 2013. In this study, inducing agent PG was used to achieve fertilization and hatching success of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. During induce breeding, male and female in a ratio of 1:1 were used. The females were given single injection of 6-8 mg PG/kg body weight and the males were given 2-3 mg PG/kg body weight and nursing and rearing of vietnam koi (Anabas testudineus) fish were carried out as monoculture in earthen ponds.  In this study, two earthen ponds of 20 decimal with an average depth of 2.5 to 3 feet and two earthen ponds of 50 decimal with an average depth of 3 to 5 feet were used for nursing and rearing of Vietnam koi respectively. Nursing and rearing of Vietnam koi (Anabas testudinus) were carried out as monoculture in earthen ponds. The water temperature in the culture pond was ranged from 31.29±0.85 to 35.5±0.58 0C during nursing and rearing. The value of Dissolve Oxygen (DO) and pH was ranged from 6.20±0.41 to 5.0±0.71 mg/l and 7.8±0.62 to 7.1±0.47 respectively. The average weight of the fingerlings during stocking was 0.8g in nursery stage and 20g in rearing stage. Fingerlings were stocked at 1750 fish /decimal in the rearing pond. Fry in the nursing ponds were fed with Hatchery feed (powder) at the rate of 40-50% of their total body weight. Fingerlings in the rearing ponds were fed with Koi Starter and Koi Grower feed at the rate of 15-20% of their total body weight. The final average weight (g) of Vietnam koi was (0.8±0.08)g in nursery stage & (200.0±0.82)g in rearing stage. The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of total artificial feed was 1.63. The survival rate of Vietnam koi fish was 70% and the net production was 167kg/decimal. The total benefit was 5,48,455.00 BDT. Benefit-cost ratio of this study was 1.43. Therefore, it could be concluded that nursing and rearing of Vietnam koi (Anabas testudineus) by using artificial feed under a monoculture system in the earthen ponds is potentially and economically feasible.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2018, 3 (2), 93-105