bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of schoolteachers’ knowledge about management of traumatic dental injuries in Al-Madinah city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alluqmani Faten A. , Omar Ola M.
Published: June 2018

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of primary and intermediate schoolteachers about the management of TDIs in Al-Madinah city, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A previously validated, self-administered, anonymous, close-ended structured questionnaire was administered to schoolteachers in 13 different schools. It included two parts: basic demographic information (part one) and questions regarding the management of dental traumatic injuries (part two). Results: A total of 178 schoolteachers voluntarily completely filled in the questionnaire. Nearly 28.1% of the teachers acquired a first-aid training program and 6.2% only learned about dental injury management in first-aid training. Concerning the knowledge about the management of dental traumatic injuries, 55.1% of teachers realized the appropriate time for treatment of dental traumatic injuries. A few percentage of teachers selected correct answers for the suitable storage medium. The most commonly selected storage media were found to be cold milk, physiological saline, and patient's saliva at 14.6%, 6.7%, and 2.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The knowledge among primary and intermediate schoolteachers in the management of dental traumatic injuries is unsatisfactory.
Management preferences of deep caries in permanent teeth among dentists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnahwi Taleb Hussain , Alhamad Mostafa , Majeed Abdul , Nazir Muhammad Ashraf
Published: June 2018

Objective: To report the management preferences of deep caries in permanent teeth among dentists. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 177 dentists selected from private and public dental clinics in different cities of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Four clinical scenarios about the absence or presence of pain/symptoms and the risk of pulp exposure in deep caries were presented to the dentists in a pilot-tested questionnaire. Results: Most dentists (82.5%) preferred complete caries excavation when there was no risk of pulp exposure and no pain/symptom was associated with deep caries in permanent teeth. The stepwise technique was the procedure of choice reported by 57.8% of dentists when there was no pain but a risk of exposure was present. In case of no exposure risk but the presence of nonspontaneous pain (pain on thermal testing), complete caries removal was chosen by 55.9% of the respondents. Root canal treatment and stepwise caries removal were preferred by 42.4% and 38.4%, respectively, when there was a risk of exposure and nonspontaneous pain. The risk of exposure (81.4%), the progression of caries (73.4%), and treatment failure (58.8%) were the most common concerns with different caries removal techniques. The hardness was the most commonly used criterion (85.3%) followed by the color of caries (50.3%) during caries excavation. Conclusions: The majority of dentists preferred to completely remove caries in case of no risk of pulp exposure. The dentists should update their knowledge and adopt latest concepts about minimally invasive caries removal approaches.
Central giant cells lesion: Report of a conservative management
Authors: da Rosa Marina Rolo Pinheiro , de Sá Juliana Lopes , Martins Valber Barbosa , de Oliveira Marcelo Vinícius
Published: June 2018

Central giant cells lesion (CGCL) is defined as a benign intraosseous destructive pathology. It is classified as aggressive or nonaggressive, depending on their clinical, imaginologic, and histological behavior. The behavior, location, and extension of the lesion added to the patient's age will determine the choice of the treatment, either surgical or clinical. Thereby, the aim of this work is to review the literature related to the CGCL, as well as to present a clinical case report of a 22-year-old female patient, affected with an injury on the left side of her jaw. After the diagnosis, it was decided to carry out a conservative treatment with intralesional injections of triamcinolone (10 mg/ml). The injections were performed once a week for 6 weeks. The progress of the patient was satisfactory, and after 4 years, it has been observed through imaging and clinical bone formation examinations with complete remission of the injury and no signs of recurrence.
Anticariogenic potential of white cheese, xylitol chewing gum, and black tea
Authors: Gul Pinar , Akgul Nilgun , Seven Nilgun
Published: June 2018

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of these foods on plaque pH and the potential development of tooth decay. Materials and Methods: Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min following consumption of these foods individually and after rinsing with a 10% sucrose solution. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results: Although there were statistically significant differences in all test groups except the BT (P = 0.620) and sucrose + XCG (P = 0.550) groups in time, none of the participants chosen for this study were having a plaque pH value anywhere close to the critical value (pH = 5.5). Conclusion: WC, BT, and XCG are advisable as anticariogenic foods because pH values are not below critical value.
Behavioral management using sequenced treatment paradigm and audiovisual distraction during dental treatment in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia , ElBatawi Hisham , El-Damanhoury Hatem M.
Published: June 2018

Objective: The present study aimed to assess behavioral management using sequenced treatment approach and audiovisual distraction (AVD) with/without video eyewear during dental procedure in children with attention defi cit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial included 31 children (n = 21 boys; n = 10 girls), aged between 6.5 and 8.1 years, distributed into Group A (n = 17, children not on ADHD medication) and Group B (n = 14, children taking medication for ADHD symptoms). The study involved four sessions, 1 week apart. Sessions I and II included behavioral management assessment and dental screening, respectively, while participants watched cartoon movie using an AV distracter with/without a video eyewear. During Sessions III and IV, dental prophylaxis and sealants were placed on first permanent molars, respectively, for both upper and lower jaws in both the groups. During the procedure, children were distracted with AV distracter with/without a video eyewear, and the mean changes in blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and pulse rate were recorded every 5 min. Independent samples t-test was used, assessing for significant changes in pulse rate and SaO2 during each visit in both groups. Results: Almost 95% (n = 113) of the first permanent molars showed signs of pit and fissure demineralization of varying severities, classifi ed as the International Caries Detection and Assessment System-codes 1–3. During Session IV, there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.03 and P ≤ 0.05) in mean pulse rate in both groups of children, respectively, during fissure sealants or preventive resin restoration application on their permanent molars while being distracted using AVD with video eyewear. Conclusion: Our study recommends splitting of dental visits into multiple short sessions and video eyewear distraction for optimum behavioral management during dental procedures of children with ADHD.
A comparison of microleakage in self-etch fissure sealants and conventional fissure sealants with total-etch or self-etch adhesive systems
Authors: Nahvi Azam , Razavian Alireza , Abedi Hoorieh , Charati Jamshid Yazdani
Published: June 2018

Objective: The present study was conducted to compare microleakage in self-etching fissure sealants and conventional fissure sealants with total-etch or self-etch adhesive systems. Settings and Design: This experimental in vitro study was conducted on 60 healthy third molars extracted from humans. The first group received Acid etch + Clinpro sealant, the second group received Acid etch + Single bond 2 + Clinpro sealant, the third group received Single bond universal (self-etching bonding) + Clinpro sealant, and the fourth group received prevent seal self-etching sealant. Materials and Methods: An incision was made on the teeth after they were immersed in methylene blue 5%. The samples were then examined under a stereomicroscope and the dye penetration rate was measured based on the Williams and Winter criteria. Statistical Analysis Used: The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used for data analysis in SPSS-18 (P < 0.05). Results: Group 1 which was treated with the conventional technique (acid + fissure sealant) had the highest rate of microleakage compared to Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that the use of bonding results in a significant reduction in the microleakage of fissure sealants. The microleakage caused when using self-etch fissure sealant was not different from that caused by the use of the conventional method.
Cutaneous tuberculosis mimicking a mycetoma
Authors: Vora RV , Diwan NG , Singhal RR
Published: June 2018

Atypical presentations of cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) are not uncommon and are frequently overlooked in clinical practice, leading to late diagnosis and increased morbidity. Strong clinical suspicion, histopathology, and response to antituberculous treatment are required for its diagnosis. In today's era, when TB threatens to burst into pandemics again, early diagnosis and treatment are very important for the control of disease. We are reporting a case of cutaneous TB which was initially thought to be a mycetoma.
Importance of Proactive Malaria Case Surveillance and Management in Malaysia
Authors: Liew Jonathan Wee Kent , Mahpot Rizawati binti , Dzul Shairah , Abdul Razak Hairul Anuar bin , Ahmad Shah Azizi Noor Asmah binti , Kamarudin Marina binti , Russell Bruce , Lim Khai Lone , de Silva Jeremy Ryan , Lim Bing Sheng , Jelip Jenarun , Mudin Rose Nani binti , Lau Yee Ling
Published: June 2018

Although Plasmodium vivax infections in Malaysia are usually imported, a significant autochthonous outbreak of vivax malaria was detected in a remote indigenous (Orang Asli) settlement located in northern peninsular Malaysia. Between November 2016 and April 2017, 164 cases of P. vivax infection were detected. Although 83.5% of the vivax cases were identified through passive case detection and contact screening during the first 7 weeks, subsequent mass blood screening (combination of rapid diagnostic tests, blood films, and polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) of the entire settlement (N = 3,757) revealed another 27 P. vivax infections, 19 of which were asymptomatic. The mapped data from this active case detection program was used to direct control efforts resulting in the successful control of the outbreak in this region. This report highlights the importance of proactive case surveillance and timely management of malaria control in Malaysia as it nears malaria elimination.
Determination of optimum parameters for surface roughness in CNC turning by using GRA-PCA
Authors: Rathore Suneel Kumar , Vimal Jyoti , Kasdekar Dinesh K.
Published: June 2018

In the current research, the CNC turning operation was implemented by  employing the L16 orthogonal arrays on the AA 6463 material, while the impact of the CNC turning process parameters, for instance, the feed rate, spindle speed, depth-of-cut, and coolant (dry and wet condition) are examined with a focus on two output objectives, Ra and Rz. The designed investigational outcomes are employed in GRA while the weights of the responses are calculated by using PCA. The outcome of confirmation trials exposes that GRA joined with PCA can excellently be employed to achieve the best grouping of turning factors. The output accomplishment measures viz., roughness of finished surface are estimated by defining grey relational grade and then the noteworthy contribution of factors are ascertained by ANOVA. In this examination, it was discovered that the generally significant process factor is the coolant, afterward feed rate, spindle speed and depth-of-cut on the selected response parameters.Keywords: CNC Turning, Grey relational analysis, Principal component analysis, ANOVA.
DamaGIS: a multisource geodatabase for collection of flood-related damage data
Authors: Saint-Martin Clotilde , Javelle Pierre , Vinet Freddy
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Every year in France, recurring flood events result in several million euros
of damage, and reducing the heavy consequences of floods has become a high
priority. However, actions to reduce the impact of floods are often hindered
by the lack of damage data on past flood events. The present paper introduces
a new database for collection and assessment of flood-related damage. The
DamaGIS database offers an innovative bottom-up approach to gather and
identify damage data from multiple sources, including new media. The study
area has been defined as the south of France considering the high frequency
of floods over the past years. This paper presents the structure and contents
of the database. It also presents operating instructions in order to keep
collecting damage data within the database. This paper also describes an
easily reproducible method to assess the severity of flood damage regardless
of the location or date of occurrence. A first analysis of the
damage contents is also provided in order to assess data quality and the
relevance of the database. According to this analysis, despite its lack of
comprehensiveness, the DamaGIS database presents many advantages. Indeed,
DamaGIS provides a high accuracy of data as well as simplicity of use. It
also has the additional benefit of being accessible in multiple formats and
is open access. The DamaGIS database is available at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1241089.
Calibrating a New Attenuation Curve for the Dead Sea Region Using
Surface Wave Dispersion Surveys in Sites Damaged by the 1927
Jericho Earthquake
Authors: Darvasi Yaniv , Agnon Amotz
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Strong motion data is not common around the Dead Sea region. Therefore, calibrating a new attenuation equation is a considerable challenge. However, the Holy Land has a remarkable historical archive, attesting to numerous regional and local earthquakes. Combining the historical record with modern measurements will enhance the regional equation. On 11 July 1927, a crustal rupture generated a moderate 6.25ML earthquake around the northern part of the Dead Sea. Up to five hundred people were killed and extensive destruction was recorded, even at places as far as 150 kilometers from the focus. We consider local near-surface properties, in particular, the shear-wave velocity, as an amplification factor. Where the shear-wave velocity is low, the seismic intensity at places far from the focus would likely be greater than expected from a standard attenuation curve. In this work, we used the Multi Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method to estimate seismic wave velocity at anomalous sites in Israel in order to calibrate a new attenuation equation for the Dead Sea region, based on 1927 macroseismic data integrated with modern measurements. Our new attenuation equation contains a term which quantifies solely lithological effects, whilst factors such as building quality, foundation depth, topography, earthquake directivity, type of fault, etc., remained out of the equation. Nonetheless, about 60 % of the measured anomalous sites fit expectations and better fitting is achieved compared to other relevant attenuation equations. From a local point of view, this is the first time that an integration between historical data and modern seismic measurements improves the attenuation relation for the Dead Sea region. In the wider context, regions of low-to-moderate seismicity should use historical earthquake data together with modern measurements in order to better estimate the peak ground acceleration or the seismic intensities caused by future earthquakes. This integration will conceivably lead to a better understanding of future earthquakes and improve maps of seismic risk.
The second curvature correction for the straight segment approximation of periodic vortex wakes
Authors: Wood David H.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The periodic, helical vortex wakes of wind turbines, propellers, and
helicopters are often approximated using straight vortex segments which
cannot reproduce the binormal velocity associated with the local curvature.
This leads to the need for the first curvature correction, which is well known
and understood. It is less well known that under some circumstances, the
binormal velocity determined from straight segments needs a second correction
when the periodicity returns the vortex to the proximity of the point at
which the velocity is required. This paper analyzes the second correction by
modelling the helical far wake of a wind turbine as an infinite row of
equispaced vortex rings of constant radius and circulation. The ring spacing
is proportional to the helix pitch. The second correction is required at
small vortex pitch, which is typical of the operating conditions of
large modern turbines. Then the velocity induced by the periodic wake can greatly
exceed the local curvature contribution. The second correction is quadratic
in the inverse of the number of segments per ring and linear in the inverse
spacing. An approximate expression is developed for the second correction and
shown to reduce the errors by an order of magnitude.
A Legal and Economic Critique of President Trump's China Trade Policies
Authors: Chow Daniel C.K. , McGuire William , Sheldon Ian
Published: June 2018

The administration of President Donald J. Trump has warned that it supports an aggressive across the board tariff of 45% on all imports from China to neutralize the effects of China’s currency manipulation. However, such a tariff cannot withstand an economic and legal analysis. Fundamental economic principles indicate that China’s alleged currency devaluation cannot create a real long-term trade advantage and that the effects of currency devaluation have no real effect on the U.S.-China trade balance. Not only is currency manipulation not a cause of the U.S. trade deficit with China but the proposed remedy of a draconian 45% tariff will only create a grievous self-inflicted wound on the U.S. and global economy. From a legal perspective, a 45% tariff cannot be justified under the legal regime of the World Trade Organization as such a tariff runs afoul of the tightly regulated regime of authorized trade sanctions. As the proposed tariff cannot be justified from a legal or economic perspective it is not an advisable or appropriate response to China’s trade practices.
Understanding politics more thoroughly: How highly engaged young citizens use the Internet for civic knowledge integration
Authors: Soe Younei
Published: June 2018

When people first learn of news, the information often remains in their minds as a passing fact rather than something fully understood. They attempt to better understand such information when particular topics interest them. This study explores how young people who self-identify as highly interested in politics and public affairs use diverse online resources to more thoroughly understand those topics in order to form their own thoughts and views, a process referred to as civic knowledge integration. Analyzing focus group interviews and essay answers provides a nuanced, in-depth understanding of such processes. These youths practice monitorial scanning, opinion sampling, verification (cross-checking), comparison of differing viewpoints, and collaborative layering of ideas. This study expands on the existing knowledge about political learning by considering the process in which learners’ efforts to understand is the most important aspect.
From 2,772 segments to five personas: Summarizing a diverse online audience by generating culturally adapted personas
Authors: Salminen Joni , Şengün Sercan , Kwak Haewoon , Jansen Bernard J. , An Jisun , Jung Soon-gyo , Vieweg Sarah , Harrell D. Fox
Published: June 2018

Understanding users in the era of social media is challenging, requiring organizations to adopt novel computation-aided approaches. To exemplify such an approach, we retrieved information on millions of interactions with YouTube video content from a major Middle Eastern media outlet, to automatically generate personas that capture how different audience segments interact with thousands of individual content pieces. Then, we used qualitative data to provide additional insights into the automatically generated persona profiles. Our findings provide insights into social media usage in the Middle East and demonstrate the application of a novel methodology that generates culturally adapted personas of social media audiences, summarizing complex social analytics data into human portrayals that are easy to understand by end users in real organizations.
The Impact of Human Capital Development Cost on the Net Income and Dividend: An Applied Study over Jordanian Islamic Banks
Authors: Aqeel Al-Bawab Atef , Al-Rawashdeh Hani Ali Aref
Published: June 2018

The study aimed at identifying the effect of the cost of Human capital development through training employees on the net income and dividend at Jordanian Islamic banks; three banks. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach. The financial data of published financial statements of the study population over the period (2012-2015) were brought and analyzed by mathematical modules to test the study hypotheses. The study concluded several results, the most important are:  There is an effect for the cost of training employees over the pre-tax annual profit development at Jordanian Islamic banks with variant proportions. There is also an effect with variant proportions for the cost of training employees over dividend. The study recommended several recommendations; the most important was the need of Jordanian Islamic banks to disclose in their financial statements in details the cost of their human capital development.
Nodular mucinosis of the breast: A rare entity
Authors: SALMAN Andac , CINEL Leyla , TURKOZ Huseyin Kemal , AKBAS Gamze , ERGUN Tulin
Published: June 2018

Nodular mucinosis of the breast (NMB) is an uncommondisease involving the nipple-areolar region. It usually presentswith asymptomatic, subcutaneous masses with indolent growthin women. Here, we report a 43-year-old man presented witha subcutaneous growth on the left nipple. Histopathologicalexamination confirmed the diagnosis of NMB. We report ourpatient in order to point out this rare disease and think that therecognition of of this entity is important for both clinicians andpathologists.
Prospective evaluation of kidney displacement during supine mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Incidence, significance, and analysis of predictive factors
Authors: Gülpınar Başak , Akıncı Aykut , Süer Evren , Sancı Adem , Babayiğit Muammer , Bedük Yyaşar , Baltacı Sümer , Gökce Mehmet Ilker
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Kidney displacement may alter the quality of renal puncture during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The aim of this study was to identify the rate of kidney displacement and parameters associated with kidney displacement in patients who underwent supine mini-PCNL.Methods: Data of 98 consecutive patients who underwent mini- PCNL was collected prospectively. The patients were grouped as displacement-positive vs. -negative. The parameters collected were age, gender, body mass index, side of the kidney, punctured calyx, fluoroscopy time to successful puncture and tract dilation, stonefree and complication rates, stone diameter, length of the renal artery, and quantity of peri-renal and abdominal fat. Groups were compared for the above listed parameters and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with kidney displacement.Results: There were 34 and 64 patients in the displacement-positive and -negative groups, respectively. Groups were similar for stonefree and complication rates. Fluoroscopy time to puncture and tract dilation were longer in the displacement-positive group. Groups were different for renal artery length and peri-renal fat measurements. In multivariate analysis, lower pole puncture, renal artery length, and peri-renal fat measurement were found to be independent predictors of kidney displacement.Conclusions: Kidney displacement does not alter the success and complication rates, but is associated with longer fluoroscopy times during supine PCNL. In the current study, parameters in preoperative non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) associated with kidney displacement were identified. We recommend surgeons evaluate and take into account these parameters during preoperative planning to establish better outcomes and diminish fluoroscopy times.
First Canadian experience with robotic laparoendoscopic single-site vs. standard laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Luke Patrick P. , Aquil Shahid , Alharbi Bijad , Sharma Hemant , Sener Alp
Published: June 2018

Introduction: We aimed to compare the outcomes of robotic laparoendoscopic single-site living donor nephrectomy (R-LESS LDN) vs. standard laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN).Methods: Between October 2013 and November 2015, 39 patients were allocated to either standard LLDN (n=25) or R-LESS LDN (n=14). Patient demographics, perioperative outcomes, analgesic requirement, visual analogue scale of pain at postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 30, and a health-related quality of life and body image questionnaire were prospectively collected.Results: There were no significant differences in demographics and intraoperative outcomes between the two cohorts. The R-LESS LDN cohort had lower analgesic requirement (p=0.002) and lower visual pain scores on days 1 and 3 (p=0.001). Additionally, body image and satisfaction scores in the R-LESS group were also superior compared to the LLDN cohort (p=0.008). There was no significant difference in the postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo system. Recipient graft functional outcomes were equivalent.Conclusions: This is the first evidence that R-LESS LDN is safe and associated with comparable surgical and early functional outcomes compared to LLDN, while pain, donor body image, and satisfaction scores were improved compared to LLDN.
The Effect of Institutional Factors on the Profitability Risk in the Insurance Companies Listed in the Saudi Stock Market
Authors: Alsahlawi Abdulaziz Mohammed
Published: June 2018

This paper conducted an investigation into the effect of institutional factors namely, leverage, capital market assets, and firm size on the risk of profitability among Saudi insurance companies listed in the Saudi Stock market (Tadawul). The paper also determined if the institutional theory has a significant impact on the profitability risk of Saudi insurance firms. On the basis of the findings from the multiple regression analysis that was conducted on the data obtained, the study’s institutional factors namely, leverage, capital market assets, and firm size had a significant relationship with the return on assets of the Saudi insurance companies, which in turn, increased their profitability. In other words, the findings supported the contribution of leverage, capital market assets and firm size to the profitability of Saudi insurance companies and provided considerable directions as to developing a strategy of profitability among the companies.
And the winners are . . . : The official results of the 2018 ACRL elections
Authors: Of College & Research Libraries Association
Published: June 2018

Lauren Pressley, director of the University of Washington (UW) Tacoma Library and an associate dean of UW Libraries, is the 81st president of ACRL.Karen Munro, associate dean of libraries, learning and research services, at Simon Fraser University (SFU), has been elected vice-president/president-elect of ACRL.
Washington Hotline
Authors: Russell Carrie
Published: June 2018

Four college and research librarians who won ACRL scholarships to the 2018 National Library Legislative Day (NLLD) and ACRL leaders, including Immediate Past President Irene Herold and Executive Director Mary Ellen Davis, were hosted by ALA’s Washington Office for an in-depth briefing on the federal policymaking process. The meeting, which took place during National Library Legislative Day on May 8, focused on two case studies illustrating the unpredictability of the current political environment and the need for sustained, year-round advocacy—a common theme of the 2018 NLLD.
Opiniones y propuestas de los estudiantes de Comunicación Audiovisual sobre los SPOC
Authors: Mejón Ana , Utray Francisco , Rodríguez Mateos David
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la investigación realizada con estudiantes universitarios del Grado en Comunicación Audiovisual sobre la implementación de cursos SPOC en las clases de contenido práctico. La motivación para realizar este trabajo surge de la disparidad identificada en las aulas del nivel de habilidad de los estudiantes para la operación de los dispositivos tecnológicos. Los objetivos de la investigación han sido conocer cuáles son para ellos los valores de utilidad de las herramientas de «blended learning» y qué competencias profesionales de producción audiovisual consideran susceptibles de desarrollarse mediante SPOC. La investigación se realizó de forma simultánea a la impartición de un curso piloto sobre edición de vídeo y el análisis se llevó a cabo mediante sesiones grupales de discusión y encuestas individuales. Como resultado se han obtenido una lista cualificada de valores de utilidad y unas propuestas de contenidos para complementar la docencia presencial. Los estudiantes han expresado de forma muy homogénea la conveniencia de disponer de materiales didácticos en línea sobre operación de los dispositivos tecnológicos mediante unos cursos que estén abiertos y accesibles para poder aprender a «su propio ritmo» y volver a ellos cuando sientan la necesidad de repasar a lo largo de toda la carrera.
Uso de la colaboración y la gamificación en MOOC: un análisis exploratorio
Authors: García Sastre Sara , Idrissi-Cao Miriam , Ortega Arranz Alejandro , Gómez Sánchez Eduardo
Published: June 2018

Los cursos online masivos y abiertos (MOOC: Massive Open Online Courses) presentan un gran potencial para permitir el acceso a la educación superior a cualquier estudiante de manera gratuita y que tenga la posibilidad de acceder a Internet. Sin embargo, su modelo de enseñanza es habitualmente criticado, y múltiples investigadores defienden la aplicación de pedagogías activas para tratar de alcanzar un mejor aprendizaje, como ya es frecuente en el aula presencial. Las diferencias de contexto en estos cursos, como la heterogeneidad de perfiles, la escala o el asincronismo se argumentan con frecuencia como limitadores. Este artículo presenta la exploración de veinte cursos masivos, en diferentes idiomas, en distintas plataformas y en diversos dominios de conocimiento, con el objetivo de analizar en detalle el uso del aprendizaje colaborativo y de la gamificación en los mencionados cursos. Las evidencias encontradas permiten concluir que, a pesar de que hay una preocupación por fomentar la interacción social, no existe una intención pedagógica en ella; y además, si se produce el aprendizaje colaborativo es de manera espontánea, no buscada como el eje central del proceso en el diseño instruccional. Por otro lado, la gamificación sí está presente como elemento motivador, pero está dirigida fundamentalmente a premiar acciones individuales de los estudiantes, no los logros colectivos. También se observa que las distintas plataformas MOOC frecuentan ser complementadas con otras herramientas para tratar de apoyar la interacción de los participantes y la gamificación.
Las aulas virtuales en la docencia de una universidad presencial: la visión del alumnado
Authors: Area Moreira Manuel , San Nicolás Santos Belén , Sanabria Mesa Ana Luisa
Published: June 2018

Este artículo aborda el análisis pedagógico de los entornos, espacios o aulas virtuales en la docencia presencial universitaria. Es continuación de otros trabajos previos de los autores que, desde hace casi una década, revisan el proceso de integración y generalización de las aulas virtuales en una universidad que oferta la mayoría de sus titulaciones en la modalidad de enseñanza presencial. En este estudio se han seleccionado 12 casos de aulas virtuales de distintos campos o ramas de conocimiento analizadas con un instrumento de observación diseñado ad hoc y se han realizado doce entrevistas grupales al alumnado matriculado en las mismas. De los datos obtenidos se infiere que estos entornos o aulas virtuales responden a un modelo pedagógico de enseñanza expositiva caracterizado por ser un repositorio de objetos digitales que empaquetan el conocimiento, por ser el espacio a través del que el alumnado entrega las tareas o trabajos que les demandan, y por existir un bajo nivel de interacción social entre los docentes y los estudiantes durante todo el proceso. Se concluye con recomendaciones para el desarrollo de políticas institucionales en universidades presenciales destinadas a la generalización entre su profesorado de modelos pedagógicos innovadores en estos entornos formativos digitales.
Diseño de tareas telecolaborativas para el aprendizaje de idiomas con cuentos del mundo
Authors: Sevilla-Pavón Ana
Published: June 2018

Este artículo se centra en el diseño de tareas de telecolaboración para el desarrollo de competencias lingüísticas, literarias, interculturales y digitales, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes acciones llevadas a cabo antes y durante el proyecto de cara a garantizar el éxito del mismo. La propuesta, realizada en el marco del proyecto iTECLA, conjuga la telecolaboración con la redacción e intercambio de cuentos que reflejan valores culturales de los respectivos países de origen de los participantes. El proyecto implica la realización de una serie de tareas por parte de cada estudiante, mediante un proceso guiado de análisis y reflexión basado en métodos de trabajo telecolaborativo en línea en contextos de aprendizaje de idiomas. Para comprobar la idoneidad de las tareas propuestas en cuanto al desarrollo de las diferentes competencias, de acuerdo con las percepciones de los propios participantes, se llevó a cabo un estudio piloto con 10 estudiantes procedentes de 3 países que completaron un cuestionario que incluía preguntas tanto de tipo abierto como cerrado. Los resultados de dicho estudio de implementación de las tareas mostraron que el 90% de los participantes consideraban que el proyecto había cumplido completamente sus expectativas. Asimismo, los participantes otorgaron las puntuaciones máximas en relación a sus percepciones del desarrollo de la creatividad, valorando también positivamente la contribución del proyecto al desarrollo de competencias literarias, lingüísticas, interculturales y digitales. Dichos resultados apuntan la consecución de los objetivos propuestos y ponen de manifiesto el gran potencial pedagógico de este tipo de tareas.
MOOC: valoración de un futuro
Authors: Callejo Gallego Javier , Agudo Arroyo Yolanda
Published: June 2018

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la evaluación de experiencia de MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) ofertados desde distintas universidades en diferentes puntos de Europa, siendo cursados en más de 30 países. Internacionalidad que está en la base de este tipo de oferta de enseñanza. El análisis integra algunas de las múltiples dimensiones que se pueden evaluar de los MOOC y se lleva a cabo a partir de dos encuestas online realizadas en el primer y segundo semestre del año 2015.  Se evalúa la experiencia de los MOOC integrando: aspectos relativos al perfil sociodemográfico de los estudiantes, su opinión respecto a la interacción con los pares y sus expectativas a la hora de cursar este tipo de formación.  Se plantea si la expansión de este tipo de formación se corresponde con el efecto social y democratizador del conocimiento que se le atribuye a esta modalidad.  El artículo plantea y observa el funcionamiento de distintas metodologías propuestas por los cursos que se analizan, con el objetivo de ofrecer una aproximación a las mejores prácticas que ayuden a configurar propuestas para el desarrollo de este tipo de cursos a distintos contextos y países concretos, y a distintas disciplinas.  Destaca la estabilidad en la evaluación de las dimensiones tomadas en cuenta, especialmente de aquellas compartidas por el conjunto de los cursos. Esta estabilidad apunta a la fiabilidad de la evaluación y la propia consistencia de la valoración favorable dada a las dimensiones, habiendo obtenido un notable grado de satisfacción.
Bridging psychological and educational research on rational number knowledge
Authors: Vamvakoussi Xenia , Christou Konstantinos P. , Vosniadou Stella
Published: June 2018

In this paper we focus on the development of rational number knowledge and present three research programs that illustrate the possibility of bridging research between the fields of cognitive developmental psychology and mathematics education. The first is a research program theoretically grounded in the framework theory approach to conceptual change. This program focuses on the interference of prior natural number knowledge in the development of rational number learning. The other two are the research program by Moss and colleagues that uses Case’s theory of cognitive development to develop and test a curriculum for learning fractions, and the research program by Siegler and colleagues, who attempt to formulate an integrated theory of numerical development. We will discuss the similarities and differences between these approaches as a means of identifying potential meeting points between psychological and educational research on numerical cognition and in an effort to bridge research between the two fields for the benefit of rational number instruction.
Shift of National Identity among Lithuanian Academic Youth in the Context of Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Antinienė Dalia , Lekavičienė Rosita
Published: June 2018

In the article the shift in national attitudes of young Lithuanian students in 2003, 2008 and 2015 is presented. The study was based on empirical data and was done in the context of sociodemographic factors. Using statistical methods, attitudes reflecting national identity are categorized into traditional and modern attitudes. It was determined that national identity among academic youth can be considered a shifting rather than a stable construct. Nonetheless, the background and the school type are the most important statistically significant factors of traditional attitudes toward nationality. Meanwhile, the age and the type of school of higher education are more significant to modern attitudes.
Pourquoi la peur des ours et des épidémies n’est-elle pas automatique ? Ce que Peirce apporte à l’analyse des peurs dans la constitution des problèmes publics
Authors: Arquembourg Jocelyne
Published: June 2018

L’apport des travaux de Ch.S. Peirce à l’étude des émotions est souvent méconnu. Pourtant, ses échanges épistolaires avec W.James au sujet de la peur des ours, sont à l’origine d’une réflexion féconde. Rétrospectivement, on peut considérer que ses analyses permettent de dépasser des clivages qui structurent encore les études contemporaines sur les émotions. Elles invitent, tout d’abord, au dépassement de l’opposition entre l’exploration interne et l’observation des manifestations externes des émotions. En qualifiant les émotions d’hypothèses, Peirce refuse aussi de réduire leur indétermination. Enfin, il opère un glissement d’une interrogation sur les objets des émotions à celle des situations dans lesquelles elles prennent naissance. Le but de cet article consiste à mettre ces trois spécificités à l’épreuve de la peur des maladies et des épidémies dans les sociétés contemporaines, et de leur constitution en problèmes publics. Cette étude empirique porte sur le problème de l’antibiorésistance, source de nombreuses pathologies ou de difficultés grandissantes à soigner des maladies jusque-là curables au moyen d’antibiotiques, et sur la production des discours catastrophistes qu’il a générés. Si les discours catastrophistes sont d’abord apparus comme un moyen commode de susciter la peur afin de changer les comportements en matière d’antibiothérapie, ils ont aussi générés des critiques. Ces débats méritent attention car ils sont révélateurs de manières de concevoir la peur, et son rôle dans la communication des problèmes de santé publique. En retour, les théories de Peirce éclairent de manière efficace leur absence d’ancrage dans des situations concrètes et sensibles.
Convivência familiar em três cenários: acolhimento institucional, famílias recasadas e violência doméstica
Authors: Soares Laura Cristina Eiras Coelho , Souza Fernanda Hermínia Oliveira , Cardoso Fernanda Simplício
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a convivência familiar de crianças e adolescentes em três campos da psicologia jurídica, a saber: acolhimento institucional, recasamento e violência doméstica. No primeiro momento examinou-se a convivência familiar no acolhimento institucional com base em dados de três relatórios de pesquisas nacionais que retrataram o funcionamento das instituições de acolhimento no Brasil, a partir dos anos 2000. A segunda temática refere-se à investigação sobre as atribuições de padrastos e madrastas no trato com seus enteados, com destaque no estabelecimento da convivência familiar no recasamento após a separação conjugal. Por fim, foi problematizado o campo de intervenção da Lei 11.340/06, conhecida como Lei Maria da Penha, quanto aos seus efeitos cíveis decorrentes da aplicação das medidas protetivas de urgência, quando estas interferem na convivência familiar dos filhos com o pai acusado de agressão contra a mulher. Tais estudos baseiam-se em pesquisas sobre as novas concepções jurídicas, legais e sociais de família, de conjugalidade, de parentalidade, de parentesco e de filiação. Conclui-se que a convivência familiar constitui-se como um vasto campo de pesquisa, podendo apresentar diversas configurações e aproximações teóricas. Desta forma, promovê-la pressupõe a compreensão dos diferentes cenários que a compõem na contemporaneidade.
Avaliação psicológica de crianças com deficiência intelectual, vítimas de violência sexual
Authors: Muniz Camila , Anache Alexandra , Dos Santos Ariállison
Published: June 2018

A avaliação psicológica no contexto jurídico é uma atividade frequente no atendimento aos casos de abuso sexual contra crianças e adolescentes. No entanto, esse trabalho do psicólogo no poder judiciário, voltado às vítimas que possuam algum tipo de deficiência é carente de abordagens na literatura. Com isso, objetivou-se nesta pesquisa caracterizar a avaliação psicológica de crianças com deficiência intelectual, vítimas de violência sexual, mediante entrevista com psicólogos jurídicos atuantes no Fórum Heitor Medeiros, situado no município de Campo Grande/MS. Para isso, uma entrevista semiestruturada foi conduzida junto a três psicólogos que atuam em Vara de Família, Vara da Infância, e Vara da Infância e da Juventude. Com a análise dos dados em caráter qualitativo-descritivo, abordam-se aspectos como a compreensão dos psicólogos sobre a avaliação psicológica no contexto jurídico e os procedimentos do processo de avaliação psicológica de crianças com e sem deficiência, envolvidas em denúncias de abuso sexual. Os resultados apontam para as dificuldades verificadas na definição dos profissionais para a prática da Avaliação Psicológica, suas preferências pelo uso da entrevista e às emergências de criação de instrumentos psicológicos para a área jurídica, bem como para as pessoas com deficiência. Sugere-se o aprofundamento na discussão dos limites da prática de avaliação pericial em psicologia e sua forma de contribuição no contexto judiciário.
Copper ion altered association network among multi-genes and enzyme activity of laccase in Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Kang Xincong , Chen Yuewen , Yan Sien , Zeng Luman , Liu Xuehui , Hu Yongquan , Wei Yunlin , Ji Xiuling , Liu Dongbo
Published: June 2018

Background: Laccases, copper-based polyphenol oxidases, played vital roles in lignin and humus degradation as well as fruiting body formation and stress response. Sixteen putative laccase genes (Lacc1-Lacc16) were reported in the genome of white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum. Members in this multi-gene family usually had close inter-relationships and may vary in the roles contributing to functions. Identifying the interactions among multiple genes and thus the conjoined consequence to an activity was essential for systematically unraveling the molecular mechanisms of laccase and improving laccase activity.

Methods: In this study, multivariate statistical analysis was applied to track the relationship between thetranscriptional level of laccase genes and the total enzymatic activities. We outlined and compared the interaction networks among the transcriptional levels of 16 laccase genes and associations with the total enzymatic activities with or without copper ion (Cu 2+ ).

Results: A multi-gene interaction network among the sixteen genes and laccase activity was constructed to figure out the changes induced by Cu 2+ . The interaction network showed that the enzyme activity was the result of interactions among genes, and these interactions might vary with the presence of Cu 2+ , subsequently leading to the alteration of enzyme activity. Some genes always kept relation with enzyme activity (positive or negative, Lacc13, Lacc10), some were irrelevant (Lacc1, Lacc6), while another some were inconsistent (Lacc3, Lacc8, Lacc14 and Lacc15).

Discussion: Network-based methods were applied to identify key functional genes and to outline associations among genes and phenotype in laccase multi-gene family. This is an exploratory strategy to describe the transcriptional complexity of laccase and its relevant responses to Cu 2+ stress. The identified key functional genes associated with laccase activity (e.g. Lacc10, Lacc13) and the associations among genes and activity will benefit for the regulation of enzyme activity.
Irreversible temperature gating in trpv1 sheds light on channel activation
Authors: Sánchez-Moreno Ana , Guevara-Hernández Eduardo , Contreras-Cervera Ricardo , Rangel-Yescas Gisela , Ladrón-de-Guevara Ernesto , Rosenbaum Tamara , Islas León D
Published: June 2018

Temperature-activated TRP channels or thermoTRPs are among the only proteins that can directly convert temperature changes into changes in channel open probability. In spite of a wealth of functional and structural information, the mechanism of temperature activation remains unknown. We have carefully characterized the repeated activation of TRPV1 by thermal stimuli and discovered a previously unknown inactivation process, which is irreversible. We propose that this form of gating in TRPV1 channels is a consequence of the heat absorption process that leads to channel opening.