bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencia de las universidades en el desarrollo turísticos de puertos artesanales
Authors: Ocaña Villegas Jorge Luis
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo científico tratará temas relacionados a Puerto El Morro, en donde se presentara información destacada acerca de sus sitios turísticos, gastronomía, clima, costumbres, flora, fauna entre otros, abarcando todo lo relacionado a la zona turística de dicho Puerto. Además de tratar los temas anteriormente mencionados, se mostrará información sobre la espectacular acogida por parte de los turistas nacionales y extranjeros a sus nuevas atracciones turísticas que son el punto de entretenimiento y relajamiento para quienes escojan a Puerto El Morro como su próximo destino turístico.  ). En la información recabada se expondrá temas que van desde como el Puerto El Morro llego hacer lo que hoy en día es logrando aumentar su turismo y como ha logrado poseer extensos atractivos naturales que nos ofrecen, también se detallaran las diversas actividades de turismo, tales como: gastronomía, Fé, cultural, naturaleza, de aventura, ecoturismo. Para quienes se animan a visitar esta Zona se encuentra a unos cuantos Kilómetros de General Villamil Playas de la provincia del Guayas. Entre otros temas a tratar también se expondrá cuál es la mayor fuente de ingreso económico para los habitantes de la población del Puerto El Morro. Por otro lado dentro de este artículo se destacara su valiosa artesanía que asimismo es parte de su identidad cultural las mismas que son elaboradas a manos por los artesanos quienes no solo han optado el labor de la pesca como parte de su ingreso económico.
Factores de desempleo y su relación con la formación profesional en universidades
Authors: Coronel Pérez Verónica
Published: October 2020

La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que ha generado la tasa de desempleo en los graduados de la facultad de Ciencias Administrativas en la universidad de Guayaquil. El propósito de este trabajo es conocer, si existe una relación entre el desempleo y la formación recibida en la Universidad de Guayaquil, por ello se llevó a cabo un estudio centrado en las actividades que actualmente estos graduados están efectuando; por medio de una investigación de corte cuantitativa, a través de métodos empíricos como las encuestas aplicadas a los graduados. Como resultado se pudo determinar que en gran porcentaje no cuentan con un trabajo, como principal factor que influye es el desempleo cíclico debido a la mala economía del país. Como conclusión se propone diseñar y ejecutar una propuesta que implementaría la Universidad de Guayaquil con un programa de capital semilla como estrategias de emprendimiento con estrategias innovadoras con la finalidad de disminuir el índice de desempleo de los graduados de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativa en la carrera de ingeniería comercial.
Arte urbana como manifestação cultural na formação de professores de arte
Authors: Willians Lucca
Published: October 2020

O desenvolvimento turístico admirado pela arte urbana é uma opção interessante da cidade para destacar seus novos artistas e tendências contemporâneas que desvendam um Porto Principal repleto de opções e espaços culturais, que permitem apreciar a paisagem e a identidade moderna e cultura de seu povo. A arte urbana é uma manifestação cultural que se expressa na rua, a fim de obter uma reação do espectador do momento; o mais importante é que sejam uma referência ou alternativa que possa motivar o conhecimento de uma cidade; Guayaquil não é a exceção em cada um de seus espaços, pois reflete a beleza e o envolvimento artístico permanente de um destino inovador e novinho em folha, destacando a arte. A pesquisa a seguir procura analisar a ação que a arte urbana pode exercer por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica dos projetos das principais cidades que optaram por essa tendência, evocando desenhos incorporados em locais estratégicos para ajudar a fortalecer espaços ou recursos inexistentes ou despercebidos.
Die Aufkündigung der Nuklearen Teilhabe – Vexierspiel um die aktive Rolle
Authors: Luhmann Hans-Jochen
Published: October 2020

In Büchel in der Eifel lagern US-amerikanische Freifallbomben mit nuklearem Sprengkopf und sind deutsche Flugzeuge als Trägersysteme stationiert. Dasselbe ist in Belgien und in den Niederlanden der Fall. Diese Waffen-Bestände sind Reste aus der heißen Zeit des Kalten Krieges. Deren Sinn war einmal, den ggfls. betroffenen europäischen Verbündeten eine Vetooption für den Einsatz ‚kleiner’ Nuklearsprengkörper im Gefechtsfeld (zu „taktischen“ Zwecken), also auf ihrem eigenen Territorium, zuzubilligen. Gegen und nach Ende des Kalten Krieges wurden solchen Waffen abgezogen, doch der vollständige Abzug mißlang. 2009 wurde der Abzug aus der Eifel Teil des Regierungsprogramms, Deutschland machte mit den Benelux-Staaten und Norwegen zusammen im Jahre 2010 einen Vorstoß bei der NATO, der aber abgewiesen wurde.
‚Fake News‘ gegen Demokratie
Authors: Moegling Klaus
Published: October 2020

Die Demokratie steht weltweit derzeit unter Druck. Es lässt sich eine Tendenz zur Entdemokratisierung auf der internationalen und der nationalstaatlichen Ebene feststellen. Aber ist es tatsächlich so, wie z.B. der Psychologe Rainer Mausfeld suggeriert, dass das westliche Demokratiesystem im Zuge des Siegeszugs der Neoliberalisierung zu einem manipulativen und getarnten System nicht legitimierter Herrschaft degeneriert ist? Wird sich tatsächlich der „Hülse der repräsentativen Demokratie nur noch bedient, um die eigentlichen Zentren politischer Macht für die Öffentlichkeit unsichtbar zu machen.“? Werden die Bürger_innen mit Hilfe gezielter Falschinformation (‚Fake News‘) im Interesse der Machthabenden manipuliert?
Das Ende der Globalisierung – jetzt wirklich?
Authors: van Scherpenberg Jens
Published: October 2020

Die Globalisierung, die freie Konkurrenz auf einem regelbasierten Weltmarkt, wird gegenwärtig von ihren wichtigsten Trägermächten zugunsten machtpolitischer Interessen aufgekündigt. Mit neuen Zöllen, Renationalisierung von Produktion und offenem Wirtschaftskrieg durch ausufernde Sanktionen kämpfen vor allem die USA gegen ihre Konkurrenten und gegen den Aufstieg Chinas zur Weltmacht.
Werden Energiewende und Klimaschutz Opfer der Corona-Pandemie?
Authors: Hennicke Peter
Published: October 2020

Die Corona-Pandemie bedeutet eine weltweite Zäsur für Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Politik. Sie kann ein sozial-ökologisches Rollback einleiten oder gesellschaftliche Prozesse enorm beschleunigen. Wird sie der Energiewende neue Schubkraft verleihen oder ihr Scheitern vorprogrammieren? Dieser Beitrag begründet eine positive Perspektive.
Die Fallanalyse Feinberg. Entwurf und Diskussion einer Unterrichtsreihe zum Thema Antisemitismus
Authors: Fischer Christian
Published: October 2020

Antisemitismus ist ein aktuelles Problem unserer Gesellschaft. Zu den Aufgabenbereichen des Politikunterrichts gehört die Thematisierung gesellschaftlicher Probleme, insbesondere dann, wenn es sich wie beim Antisemitismus-Problem um eines handelt, das demokratische Grundwerte infrage stellt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird daher die Fallanalyse Feinberg als erprobte Unterrichtsreihe vorgestellt. In ihrem Zentrum steht der Fall von Yorai Feinberg, einem jüdischen Gastronom aus Berlin, der antisemitischen Übergriffen von ganz verschiedenen Seiten ausgesetzt ist. Der Fall eignet sich gut, um die unterschiedlichen Strömungen des aktuellen Antisemitismus zu analysieren und politische Handlungsmöglichkeiten zu diskutieren.
Effects of Ethanol on Synaptic Plasticity and NMDA Currents in the Juvenile Rat Dentate Gyrus
Authors: Sawchuk Scott D. , Reid Hannah M.O. , Neale Katie J. , Shin James , Christie Brian R.
Published: October 2020

Background and Objectives: We examined how acute ethanol (EtOH) exposure affects long term depression (LTD) in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in juvenile rats. EtOH is thought to directly modulate n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) currents, which are believed important for LTD induction. LTD in turn is believed to play an important developmental role in the hippocampus by facilitating synaptic pruning. Methods: Hippocampal slices (350μm) were obtained at post-natal day (PND) 14, 21, or 28. Field EPSPs (excitatory post-synaptic potential) or whole-cell EPSCs (excitatory post-synaptic conductance) were recorded from the DG (dentate gyrus) in response to medial perforant path activation. Low-frequency stimulation (LFS; 900 pulses; 120 s pulse) was used to induce LTD. Results: Whole-cell recordings indicated that EtOH exposure at 50mM did not significantly impact ensemble NMDAr EPSCs in slices obtained from animals in the PND14 or 21 groups, but it reliably produced a modest inhibition in the PND28 group. Increasing the concentration to 100 mM resulted in a modest inhibition of NMDAr EPSCs in all three groups. LTD induction and maintenance was equivalent in magnitude in all three age groups in control conditions, however, and surprisingly, NMDA antagonist AP5 only reliably blocked LTD in the PND21 and 28 age groups. The application of 50 mM EtOH attenuated LTD in all three age groups, however increasing the concentration to 100 mM did not reliably inhibit LTD. Conclusions: These results indicate that the effect of EtOH on NMDAr-EPSCs recorded from DGCs is both age and concentration dependent in juveniles. Low concentrations of EtOH can attenuate, but did not block LTD in the DG. The effects of EtOH on LTD do not align well with it’s effects on NNMDA receptors.
A novel algorithm for searching frequent gradual patterns from an ordered data set
Authors: Lonlac Jerry , Nguifo Engelbert Mephu
Published: October 2020

Mining frequent simultaneous attribute co-variations in numerical databases is also called frequent gradual pattern problem. Few efficient algorithms for automatically extracting such patterns have been reported in the literature. Their main difference resides in the variation semantics used. However in applications with temporal order relations, those algorithms fail to generate correct frequent gradual patterns as they do not take this temporal constraint into account in the mining process. In this paper, we propose an approach for extracting frequent gradual patterns for which the ordering of supporting objects matches the temporal order. This approach considerably reduces the number of gradual patterns within an ordered data set. The experimental results show the benefits of our approach.
On the profitability and errors of predicted prices from deep learning via program trading
Authors: Tai Lichen , Hsu Chihcheng
Published: October 2020

Researches on using deep learning models to predict prices usually take magnitude-based error measurements (such as R2) to measure the quality of learning models. Whether the forecasted prices for the models with the lowest error measurement can produce the most profit in actual trading is an issue with little research. In this study, we first find the parameter sets of LSTM and TCN models with low magnitude-based error and then use program trading to find out their profitability. The relationships between these profitability and error measurements are analyzed and studied on three commodities: gold, soybean, and crude oil (from GLOBEX). Our findings are: with given parameter sets, if merchandise (gold and soybean) is of low averaged magnitude error, then its profitability is more stable. If it is of a more significant magnitude error (crude oil), then its profitability is unstable. A high positive correlation does not exist between the profitability and error measurement, and TCN outperforms LSTM in almost all our examples. Our research indicates that, in assessing the performance of deep learning, how to use the predicted values in applications and the application results could also be part of the quality measurement for the model assessment in the learning.
An efficient Bayesian network structure learning algorithm using the strategy of two-stage searches
Authors: Guo Huiping , Li Hongru
Published: October 2020

It is important for Bayesian network (BN) structure learning, a NP-problem, to improve the accuracy and hybrid algorithms are a kind of effective structure learning algorithms at present. Most hybrid algorithms adopt the strategy of one heuristic search and can be divided into two groups: one heuristic search based on initial BN skeleton and one heuristic search based on initial solutions. The former often fails to guarantee globality of the optimal structure and the latter fails to get the optimal solution because of large search space. In this paper, an efficient hybrid algorithm is proposed with the strategy of two-stage searches. For first-stage search, it firstly determines the local search space based on Maximal Information Coefficient by introducing penalty factors p1, p2, then searches the local space by Binary Particle Swarm Optimization. For second-stage search, an efficient ADR (the abbreviation of Add, Delete, Reverse) algorithm based on three basic operators is designed to extend the local space to the whole space. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain better performance of BN structure learning.
Analysis of flow field in Si3N4 dry granulation chamber with non-standard composite structure
Authors: Jiang Zhuting , Ning Xiang , Duan Tao , Wu Nanxing , Yu Dongling
Published: October 2020

In order to improve the whirling phenomenon of Si3N4 particles in the granulation chamber, the influence of the structure of the granulation chamber on the internal distribution is explored. Euler Euler’s two-phase flow model is established. The flow field in the combined structure granulation chamber with different layout is simulated. The volume distribution and velocity field change of Si3N4 particles in the combined structure granulation chamber with different layout are analyzed. The results show that the angle between two adjacent composite structures is 20∘, 60∘, 80∘ and completely standard the Si3N4 particles with volume fraction index greater than 0.8 account for 10.2%, 11.5%, 12.5% and 6.7% of the total volume respectively. When the combined structure is completely standard, several small convolutions are found. The whirling phenomenon in the granulation chamber is improved. When the angle between two adjacent composite structures is 20∘, 60∘, 80∘ and complete standard, the proportion of qualified particles is 59%, 64%, 66% and 68%. The fluidity index is 84, 85, 87 and 88, respectively. To sum up, the combination structure of the granulation chamber is a complete standard, it is beneficial to improve the spin phenomenon of Si3N4 particles in the granulation chamber.
Literature review and analysis on big data stream classification techniques
Authors: Srivani B. , Sandhya N. , Padmaja Rani B.
Published: October 2020

Rapid growth in technology and information lead the human to witness the improved growth in velocity, volume of data, and variety. The data in the business organizations demonstrate the development of big data applications. Because of the improving demand of applications, analysis of sophisticated streaming big data tends to become a significant area in data mining. One of the significant aspects of the research is employing deep learning approaches for effective extraction of complex data representations. Accordingly, this survey provides the detailed review of big data classification methodologies, like deep learning based techniques, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based techniques, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) based techniques, Neural Network (NN) based techniques, fuzzy based techniques, and Support vector based techniques, and so on. Moreover, a detailed study is made by concerning the parameters, like evaluation metrics, implementation tool, employed framework, datasets utilized, adopted classification methods, and accuracy range obtained by various techniques. Eventually, the research gaps and issues of various big data classification schemes are presented.
Improving motion detection via anodal transcranial direct current stimulation
Authors: Battaglini Luca , Mena Federica , Casco Clara
Published: October 2020

Background:

To study motion perception, a stimulus consisting of a field of small, moving dots is often used. Generally, some of the dots coherently move in the same direction (signal) while the rest move randomly (noise). A percept of global coherent motion (CM) results when many different local motion signals are combined. CM computation is a complex process that requires the integrity of the middle-temporal area (MT/V5) and there is evidence that increasing the number of dots presented in the stimulus makes such computation more efficient.

Objective:

In this study, we explored whether anodal direct current stimulation (tDCS) over MT/V5 would increase individual performance in a CM task at a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR, i.e. low percentage of coherent dots) and with a target consisting of a large number of moving dots (high dot numerosity, e.g. >250 dots) with respect to low dot numerosity (<60 dots), indicating that tDCS favour the integration of local motion signal into a single global percept (global motion).

Method:

Participants were asked to perform a CM detection task (two-interval forced-choice, 2IFC) while they received anodal, cathodal, or sham stimulation on three different days.

Results:

Our findings showed no effect of cathodal tDCS with respect to the sham condition. Instead, anodal tDCS improves performance, but mostly when dot numerosity is high (>400 dots) to promote efficient global motion processing.

Conclusions:

The present study suggests that tDCS may be used under appropriate stimulus conditions (low SNR and high dot numerosity) to boost the global motion processing efficiency, and may be useful to empower clinical protocols to treat visual deficits.
Thrombotic coagulopathy and COVID-19
Authors: Vicente Vicente
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). COVID-19 has been an exceptional challenge for the health system thoughout the world. Many publications have emerged in a very short time and have had to be interpreted quickly to try to clarify the doubts generated by the new disease. Evidence of abnormal coagulation parameters associated with COVID-19 appeared in early reports from China. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and microvasculature thrombosis have been found in many of hospitalized patients, specially in more severe cases. Severe inflammation is presents in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection. The coagulation activation has been associated to reaction of host defense systems, such as immflamatory response and innate immunity pathways, a term called immunothrombosis or thromboinflammation. COVID-19-associated coagulopathy reflects unusual abnormalities present in hypercoagulable states that accompany other infections.
Here, we review clinical data and mechanisms of coagulation abnormalities that occur in association with COVID-19. Moreover we show several Guides to provide practical information for the prophylaxis and management of VTE in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
The knowledge of this new pathogen, of its pathogenicity and treatment are evolving rapidly, and our understanding and approach for the therapy and prevention of thrombosis will continue to evolve.
COVID-19 crisis: epidemiological and social perspective of an unprecedented pandemic in our lives
Authors: Martin-Moreno José Mª
Published: October 2020

Increasing globalization drives complex human, biological and commercial interactions that affect the way we live and get sick. The pandemic risk that has appeared with the COVID-19 had already been anticipated by many institutions and experts, yet our governments and decision-makers have not prepared themselves sufficiently. This has meant that the devastating epidemic we have suffered has caught our entire system off guard. The SARS in 2003 and the MERS in 2012 were previous warnings of coronavirus mutations that presented a worrying infectivity and lethality, although they managed to be controlled with public health measures. On this occasion, the arrogance of many of our countries has meant that although the pandemic was coming progressively and announced, we did not do enough to prepare and strengthen the health system and public health.
In this paper, we basically review the etiological agent, the incubation period, the mechanisms of transmission, the risk factors, the summarized clinical manifestations, the epidemiological analysis of the situation (including incidence or new cases, mortality and lethality, and estimating the excess mortality associated with the COVID-19), and the confinement and gradual stages of de-escalation. From the social point of view, the vulnerable groups that have been particularly affected by COVID-19 in Spain are identified. The article concludes by reviewing preventive medicine and public health measures in the face of COVID-19. This is articulated through the measures of basic hygiene and to investigate what we can expect from primary prevention through the mechanism of immunization that can provide us with vaccines. In the final part, the problem is discussed in order to develop, select, prioritize, and distribute these vaccines as a universal good, and it is emphasized that for now, and while we lack vaccines, our obligation is to continue insisting on hygiene and… on healthy behaviors. And to emphasize the importance of education for a better world.
Radiology and COVID-19: A Review of an Action
Authors: Muñoz-Núñez Carlos F. , Calvillo-Batllés Pilar , Estellés Pilar , Oprisan Anca , Alberich-Bayarri Ángel , Martí-Bonmatí Luis
Published: October 2020

The role of Radiology in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been relevant but marginal. Even though it offers important information on pulmonary and vascular involvement in these patients, its contributions should not be considered diagnostic for COVID-19. Although there are characteristic patterns of involvement, these same radiological findings can be observed in other entities. Mainly it should be considered that Radiology contributes to the disease severity gradation, extension, complications, follow-up and in the prognostic evaluation of these patients. In this review, these contributions will be discussed together with the role of imaging in clinical trials and in the evaluation of new epidemic situations through the creation of Medical Imaging Biobanks capable of using the estimating potential of Artificial Intelligence.
Covid-19 in pediatrics and adolescents patients
Authors: Ruibal Francisco José Luis , Piñero Martínez María Elena , Rodríguez Mesa María
Published: October 2020

Covid-19 is a viral pandemic caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Infection in pediatric patients is transmitted by the respiratory route. Vertical transmission from mother to child or during breast feeding has not been documented.
Pediatric patients globally represent 1 to 5% of total Covid-19 cases. The proportion of children under 14 years of age infected in Spain has been 0.6%, which is about 1,400. Seroprevalence has been 3,8%. in persons under 18.
In general, Covid-19 behaves in pediatric patients as a mild disease, although in a small number of cases it produces serious conditions and even death. The children with the highest risk of serious Covid-19 are those under 1 year of age, or those with underlying chronic pathologies.
The main symptoms are fever and cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, runny nose, headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and loss of taste or smell. The diagnosis is based on the clinical aspects combined with molecular diagnosis through RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV2.
Treatment depends on the severity of the infection. Mild or moderate cases are treated on an outpatient basis applying comfort measures and antipyretics if needed. In serious or critical cases the patient are admitted at the hospital, where support measures like respiratory support, administration of liquids and electrolytes, cardiocirculatory support, etc., will be applied if necessary.
There is currently no scientific evidence to recommend specific antiviral treatment in childhood. The use of these drugs should be strictly individualized, assessing the risk-benefit. remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine have been used in some cases.
The measures to prevent the transmission of the virus are home isolation for 15 days, hygiene measures, social distance with other people and avoiding sharing personal objects, clothing and kitchen and bathroom utensils.
A REVIEW ON HERBAL IMMUNITY BOOSTERS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN HEALTH IN COVID-19
Authors: Surabhi Shakya  , Padmini Shukla  , Prabodh Shukla
Published: October 2020

Herbal immunity boosters are the medicinal plants which increase the immunity of the human body and make the body able to fight with the various diseases. These immunity boosters are serving as a boon in the case of coronavirus disease. COVID-19 affects our respiratory system and lowers the immunity of the patient and the persons having weak immunity have the more chances to get affected with the diseases. Tulsi, garlic, ginger, giloy, coconut oil, turmeric, ashwagandha, amla, black pepper, aloevera are the herbal immunity boosters. These herbal drugs used traditionally in medicines and also proved effective in scientific studies.  The regular consumption of these boosters helps to treat the mild to moderate symptoms of diseases at home.

Keywords: Herbal immunity boosters, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Garlic, Tulsi, Ginger, Aloe vera
Freud e Darwin: A influência do evolucionista inglês sobre o pai da psicanálise e a demarcação de um lugar
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigo Barbosa
Published: October 2020

A influência de Charles Darwin sobre os escritos de Sigmund Freud por muito tempo foi um assunto quase nada discutido, principalmente quando o nome do pai da psicanálise esteve associado às teses evolucionistas de Lamarck. Contudo, graças a Lucille Ritvo, o entendimento sobre a presença de Darwin na obra de Freud se tornou diferente, sobretudo a partir da publicação de seu livro A influência de Darwin sobre Freud: Um conto de duas ciências. Meticulosamente, Ritvo tornou possível compreender, não apenas a curiosa admiração de Freud por Darwin e a grande influência do evolucionista sobre seus escritos, mas também o estatuto filogenético nos textos de Freud da maneira como realmente foi postulado. No entanto, embora a importância da contribuição de Ritvo para a psicanálise seja imensa desde seu campo teórico, a autora ainda é pouco consultada ou até mesmo esquecida. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse estudo é demonstrar a influência de Darwin sobre Freud a partir das contribuições de Ritvo, e também, como pano de fundo, promover uma tentativa de tornar a autora menos esquecida, que, por sua vez, justifica a significância e o desenvolvimento desse estudo ao dar foco e concedê-la os devidos créditos dentro de toda essa linha de discussão. No intuito de alcançar o objetivo proposto, foram utilizados todos os artigos da autora publicados na literatura cientifica, assim como sua dissertação e seu livro. Além disso, também foram utilizadas as obras de Freud e alguns artigos e livros sobre temática em questão objetivando dar maior solidez ao estudo. Por fim, conclui-se que as contribuições de Ritvo são fundamentais na discussão a respeito da influência de Darwin sobre Freud, pois, além de demonstrar como realmente o evolucionista influenciou o psicanalista, ela ofereceu um percurso de entendimento teórico próprio e uma melhor descrição histórica da formação de Freud enquanto cientista, em especial ao atentar-se para a grande influência do professor Carl Claus na aproximação de Freud com Darwin e os estudos histórico-evolutivos. Ademais, algumas considerações da autora junto a tradução de seu livro, por vez, sofrem da falta de atualização de alguns conceitos/termos devido a época de sua publicação.
Corruption as Shared Culpability: Religion, Family, and Society in Andrey Zvyagintsev's Leviathan (2014)
Authors: Hristova Maria
Published: October 2020

This article engages in close analysis of how Andrey Zvyagintsev depicts corruption and its various manifestations: moral, familial, societal, and institutional, in Leviathan (Leviafan, 2014). While other post-Soviet films address the problem of prevalent corruption in Russia, Zvyagintsev’s work is the first to provoke strong public reactions, not only from government and Russian Orthodox Church officials, but also from Orthodox and political activist groups. The film demonstrates that the instances of legal and moral failings in one aspect of existence are a sign of a much deeper and wider-ranging problem that affects all other spheres of human experience. By elevating corruption from a well-known and accepted mundane problem to a religio-philosophical one, Leviathan creates a sense of shared culpability that underpins contemporary Russian society.
Gender and Patriarchy in the Films of Muslim Nations: A Filmographic Study of 21st Century Features from Eight Countries
Authors: Mixon Candace
Published: October 2020

This is a book review of Patricia R. Owen, Gender and Patriarchy in the Films of Muslim Nations: A Filmographic Study of 21st Century Features from Eight Countries.
Envisioning Black Feminist Voodoo Aesthetics: African Spirituality in American Cinema
Authors: Knippel Jessica
Published: October 2020

This is a book review of Kameelah L. Martin, Envisioning Black Feminist Voodoo Aesthetics: African Spirituality in American Cinema.
Immanent Frames: Postsecular Cinema between Malick and von Trier
Authors: Alzola Pablo
Published: October 2020

This is a book review of John Caruana and Mark Cauchi, eds., Immanent Frames: Postsecular Cinema between Malick and von Trier.
Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliğinde Antioksidan Vitaminlerin İnflamasyon ve Oksidatif Stres Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Gençer Bingöl Feray , Gezmen Karadağ Makbule
Published: October 2020

Kronik böbrek yetmezliği (KBY), inflamasyonun ve oksidatif stresin sıklıkla eşlik ettiği bir süreç olarak bilinmektedir. Kronik böbrek yetmezliği hastalarında artan oksidatif stres düzeyleri, azalmış antioksidan savunma ve ortaya çıkan kronik inflamasyon kardiyovasküler hastalıklar başta olmak üzere birçok sağlık sorunu için risk faktörü olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle hastalarda antioksidan tedavinin uygun kullanımı oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Antioksidan vitaminlerin sürece etkisi değerlendirildiğinde, KBY hastalarında retinol bağlayıcı protein katabolizmasındaki azalmalar nedeniyle serum A vitamini konsantrasyonlarının sıklıkla yüksek olduğu düşünülmektedir. Buna bağlı olarak KBY hastalarına ek A vitamini suplemantasyonu önerilmemektedir. Diğer bir antioksidan olan C vitamininin, prooksidan etki gösterebilme ve oksalat oluşumunu artırma riski nedeniyle bu hastalara yönelik öneri konusu tartışmalıdır. Ancak diyaliz tedavisi alan hastalar değerlendirilirken C vitamininde gözlenen önemli kayıplar ve diyet kısıtlılıkları nedeniyle alımdaki azalmalar dikkate alınmalıdır. Kronik böbrek yetmezliği hastalarında E vitamininin birçok olumlu etkisi bildirilmekle birlikte suplemantasyonun dozu, süresi ve uygulama yolu gibi farklılıklar nedeniyle net öneri vermek mümkün olmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte özellikle E vitamini kaplı diyaliz membran kullanımının oksidatif stresi azaltabileceği düşünülmektedir. Kronik böbrek yetmezliği hastalarında antioksidan vitamin desteğine yönelik çalışmaların devam etmesi gerekmekle birlikte, hastaların diyet antioksidan vitamin alımlarının iyi değerlendirilmesi oldukça önem taşımaktadır.
Translating Tempests and Tremblements: Natural Disasters, News, and the Nation in Early Modern England and France
Authors: Barker Sara
Published: October 2020

Early modern people lived at the mercy of their surroundings. In an uncertain world, floods, storms, fires, and earthquakes could affect all levels of society across Europe. But destruction can also lead to creation. Accounts of such disasters were printed as pamphlets and then translated, suggesting a shared experience of disaster that could cross confessional divides. However, a closer look shows that more complex ideas about nation and experience were a feature of these understudied publications. This article focuses on three cases in particular: the storm and lightning strike of 1561, which caused the roof and steeple of St. Paul’s to catch fire; the 1580 English Channel earthquake, which wreaked devastation in both southern England and northern France; and the 1618 fire, which destroyed much of the Palais de Justice in Paris. It investigates how and why accounts of these particular disasters were made and translated. It also questions the role of the nation in how stories were (or were not) transmitted across linguistic, cultural, and national boundaries.
Teoria ja käytäntö aikuiskasvattajien koulutuksessa
Authors: Jarvis Peter
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa kuvataan aikuiskouluttajien koulutuksen kehittymistä Englannissa ja Walesissa. Erikseen käsitellään yliopistojen ulkopuolista sektoria sekä yliopistojen osuutta aikuiskouluttajien koulutuksessa. Artikkelissa esitetään myös arvioita ja pohdintaa toteutuvasta koulutuksesta. Erityisesti siinä pohditaan teorian ja käytännön suhdetta koulutuksen eri vaiheissa.
Valtionhallinnon kouluttajakoulutuksen vaiheita ja näkymiä
Authors: Venna Yrjö , Rautiainen Sari
Published: October 2020

Valtionhallinnon kouluttajakoulutus on käynyt läpi useita kehittämiskaaria, joissa on pyritty ratkaisemaan tavoiteristiriitaa yksilöllisen pätevyyden tuottamisen ja organisaation toiminnan kehittämisen välillä. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan autonomian ajasta nykypäivään minkälaisin argumentein ja toimenpitein on päädytty nykypäivään ja minkälaisia kehittämismahdollisuuksia tulevaisuuden haasteet avaavat henkilöstön kehittämiselle valtionhallinnossa.
Koulutus ja elämänkulku
Authors: Antikainen Ari
Published: October 2020

Dale Dannefer on sosiologian ja kasvatustieteen apulaisprofessori Rochesterin yliopistossa ja Sociology of Education -aikakauskirjan varapäätoimittaja. Hän puhuu marraskuussa (22.–24.11.1990) Tampereella järjestettävillä kasvatustieteen päivillä aiheesta ”Homogeneity vs. Heterogeneity: Structural and Developmental Perspectives on Lifelong Learning”.
Julkaisemamme haastattelu muodostuu otteista Ari Antikaisen kesäkuussa 1989 tekemästä laajemmasta haastattelusta.
Teorian ja käytännön jännite
Authors: Heiskanen Tuula
Published: October 2020

Tutkijoiden ja ammattilaisten vuorovaikutus koulutuksessa on perustaltaan jännitteistä. Työelämän tutkijoiden projektissa luodaan vuorovaikutusta täydennyskoulutuksen välityksellä. Yhteistyöosapuolena on valtionhallinnon henkilöstö. Artikkelissa kerrotaan projektin tuloksista, arvioidaan koulutuksen etenemistä ja sen vaikutusta sekä kuvataan erilaisia ihmistyyppejä oppimisprosessin kannalta.
Avoin korkeakoulu koulutuksen uudistamissuunnitelmissa
Authors: Raivola Reijo
Published: October 2020

Avoimen korkeakoulun opetukseen etsiytyvien motiivit poikkeavat koulunpenkiltä tulevien motiiveista. He tulevat usein hakemaan arvosanojen ja todistusten sijasta merkityksiä, ratkaisuja ongelmiin, korkeakoulusivistystä sanan alkuperäisessä, itsearvoisessa merkityksessä. Korkeakoulujen tuotekehittely ja organisaatio eivät kuitenkaan ole seuranneet tätä kehitystä, kirjoittaa Reijo Raivola kannanotossaan.
Aikuiskoulutukseen vaikuttavat samat muutospaineet kuin koulujärjestelmäänkin lisättynä koulujärjestelmän kehityksen aiheuttamalla paineella. Tällaisina voisi mainita yhteiskunnan nopean poliittisen, taloudellisen ja sosiaalisen muutoksen, jolla tavallisesti on perusteltu ammatillisen täydennys- ja uudelleenkoulutuksen tarvetta. Myös peruskoulutuksen tason nousu nostaa korkea-asteen täydennyskoulutuksen tarvetta.
Ajankohtaista
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: October 2020

”Lisää LEIF elämääsi – Add LEIF into your Life!” ; Aikuiskoulutusneuvosto 1991–93 ; Oikeusasiamiehen päätös KVS:n valtionapukanteluun ; Vapaan sivistystyön vuosikirja aikuiskasvatuksen klassikoista ; Pekka Sallila Kansanvalistusseuran veturiksi ; Aulis Alanen eläkkeelle ; Aikuiskasvatuksen professorin viran hakijat ; Rauni Rautavuori palkittiin kansalaistoiminnasta ; Aikuiskasvatuksen Tutkimusseuran vuosikokous
Opintovapaata vai opiskelua työaikana?
Authors: Abrahamsson Kenneth
Published: October 2020

Pohjoismailla on vankka kokemus aikuiskoulutuksen uudistusstrategioista aina kansansivistyksen perinteisestä ideasta nykyaikaiseen, uusimman tekniikan turvin toteutettuun työmarkkinakoulutukseen. Aikuiskoulutuksen malli työelämässä on ollut jaksottaisen koulutuksen malli. Yhtenä sen keskeisenä takaajana on opintovapaa.
Vaihtoehtoinen strategia on lisätä työssä annettavaa koulutusta. Kirjoittaja esittelee artikkelissaan tätä, ennen muuta Japanissa sovellettavaa käytäntöä ja vertaa sitä Ruotsiin. Hän näkee vuosisadan vaihteen eräänlaisena käännekohtana: selvä suuntaus on henkilöstökoulutuksen voimakas kasvu sekä huomion kiinnittäminen aikuisten lukutaidottomuuteen.
Ajankohtaista Ruotsin aikuiskasvatuksesta
Authors: Bergkvist Alf
Published: October 2020

Vapaa sivistystyö on myös Ruotsissa saanut mukautua niukkeneviin yhteiskunnan varoihin samalla, kun jakajien määrä on ollut nousussa ja keskinäinen kilpailu lisääntynyt. Opintokeskukset ovat sen vuoksi käyneet kiivastakin keskustelua tulevaisuudestaan ja tavoitteistaan.
Vapaan sivistystyön valtionapujärjestelmä on muuttumassa ratkaisevasti: kukin opintokeskus saa vastaisuudessa käyttää valtionapunsa vapaasti omiin tavoitteisiinsa. Arvio varojenkäytön onnistumisesta tehdään jälkikäteen ja tulokset ovat pohjana seuraavalle rahanjaolle.
Ruotsin aikuiskoulutusta uudistettaessa vapaan sivistystyön organisaatiot korostavat omaa erityisluonnettaan. Tavoitekeskusteluissa on noussut voimakkaasti esiin koulutuksellisesti syrjäytyneiden tarpeet, siirtolaiset sekä kehitysyhteistyö.
Pohjoismainen aikuiskasvatus ja Euroopan yhdentymiskehitys
Authors: Lundgaard Ebbe
Published: October 2020

Kirjoittaja peilaa pohjoismaisen kansansivistystyön – ennen muuta kansanopistojen – arvomaailmaa muuttuvan Euroopan kehitystrendejä vasten. Syvältä pohjoismaisesta demokratiakäsitteestä juurimehunsa imevä vapaa sivistystyö on Euroopan muuttuessa uudella tavalla etsikkoaikansa edessä.
Itämeren ympärysmaista aikuiskasvatuksen ”uusi Hellas”
Authors: Kajanto Anneli
Published: October 2020

Jos Itämeren maiden aikuiskasvattajien tahtoon on uskominen, Pohjois-Euroopasta ei tule monisatamiljoonaisen Euroopan harvaan astuttu reuna-alue, vaan yksi Euroopan keskeisistä sivistyksellisistä keskittymistä. Itämeri on ollut vuosikymmenten ajan ideologinen vedenjakaja. Nyt se halutaan palauttaa yhdistäväksi mereksi. Sen alueesta on määrä tulla ”uusi Hellas”. Tällaisia ajatuksia nousi esille Pohjoismaiden Ministerineuvoston kokoonkutsumassa aikuiskoulutuskonferenssissa ”Pohjoismaat ja Itämeren maat”, joka pidettiin Hanasaaressa toukokuun lopussa. Lajissaan se oli ensimmäinen.
Koulutusyhteiskunnasta oppimisen yhteiskuntaan
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: October 2020

Aikuisten oppimista on tuettava ratkaisuin, jotka ottavat huomioon heidän lähtökohtansa. Eri instituutioiden tehtävä on luoda oppimiselle suotuisat mahdollisuudet. Sen merkitsee mm. sitä, että koulutusjärjestelmää uudistetaan jatkuvasti soveltumaan aikuiskoulutuksen tarpeisiin. Painopiste tulee siis siirtää koulutusorganisaatioista oppimista tukevien toimintaympäristöjen luomiseen. Tällaisia suuntaviivoja loi seuraajalleen tilaa tehnyt vuosien 1988–90 aikuiskoulutusneuvosto asiakirjassaan Koulutusyhteiskunnasta oppimisen yhteiskuntaan.
Osallistumisen ja opiskelun vaikuttavuus kansalais- ja työväenopistoissa
Authors: Virolainen Sanna , Vaherva Tapio , Renko Tiina
Published: October 2020

Kirjoittajat ovat tutkineet entisen kouluhallituksen kokeilu- ja tutkimustoimiston toimeksiannosta osallistumista kansalais- ja työväenopistojen opiskeluun ja opiskelun vaikuttavuutta. Tavoitteena oli selvittää aikuisopiskelijan tavoitteet, heidän kokemuksensa siitä, miten opistojen tarjonta vastasi heidän odotuksiaan sekä heidän arvionsa opiskelunsa vaikuttavuudesta ja merkitsevyydestä. Kussakin kysymyksessä on etsitty faktorianalyysin avulla kokemusten perusrakennetta. Artikkelissa selvitetään tutkimuksesta saatuja tuloksia.
Tutkimuspiiri
Authors: Holmstrand Lars
Published: October 2020

Tutkimuspiiri (forskningscirkeln) on eräänlainen opintokerhon uusi johdannainen, joka on saamassa Ruotsissa yhä enemmän suosiota. Sen muodostavat toisaalta yliopistotutkijat, toisaalta ammattiyhdistysväki. Tutkimuspiirin tavoitteena on valaista jotain ongelmaa, josta ammattijärjestön piirissä halutaan enemmän tietoa. Tutkija antaa omaan osaamisensa ja kanavansa piirin käyttöön saaden samalla käytännön työtä tekeviltä muilta ryhmän jäseniltä itselleen hyödyllistä, uutta tietoa. Kysymyksessä ei ole niinkään tiedonvaihto, vaan uuden tiedon synnyttäminen hedelmällisessä vuorovaikutuksessa ja sitä kautta lisävalaistus alkuongelman ratkaisukeinoihin. Kirjoittaja pitää tutkimuspiiriä käyttökelpoisena välineenä myös työelämäntutkimuksen kehittämiseksi.
Fútbol callejero e processos educativos: saberes emergentes de experiências convergentes
Authors: Belmonte Maurício Mendes , Varotto Nathan Raphael , Gonçalves Junior Luiz
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e compreender os processos educativos emergentes da prática do Fútbol Callejero (FC) em duas intervenções distintas, uma em contexto não-escolar, outra em escolar. A Intervenção-1 (i-1) ocorreu junto à parceria entre os projetos socioeducativos “Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer” (VADL) e o “Mais que Futebol” (MQF) realizado com crianças e adolescentes de 6 a 14 anos, e a Intervenção-2 (i-2) foi desenvolvida junto a uma turma de Educação Física do 4° do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Pública do Estado de São Paulo com estudantes de 9 a 10 anos. Destacamos que o FC fora pensado e criado na Argentina e preconiza: desenvolvimento de partidas de futebol disputadas em três tempos; composição de equipes mistas (meninos e meninas); ausência de árbitros/as; atribuição de pontos aos pilares Respeito, Companheirismo e Solidariedade. Pautamo-nos na investigação qualitativa com inspiração na fenomenologia. Consideramos que o FC é práxis educativa com potencialidades para nos ensinar a ser mais, a refletirmos criticamente acerca de nossa ação com outrem e com o mundo, desafiando-nos e nos convidando ao protagonismo, à construção coletiva e mobilização para uma convivência acolhedora, inclusiva e solidária, na qual a dialogicidade é a base das relações.
Palavras-chave: Processos Educativos; Fútbol Callejero; Pedagogia Dialógica; Motricidade Humana.
Pesquisa qualitativa ou pesquisa quantitativa: refletindo sobre as decisões na seleção de determinada abordagem
Authors: Pitanga Ângelo Francklin
Published: October 2020

Diante de tamanha complexidade que envolve o tema em tela e pesquisas que apontam para erros recorrentes referentes às decisões tomadas por pesquisadores relacionadas às opções pelas abordagens de pesquisa, o ensaio em tela apresenta um estudo estritamente bibliográfico que visou revisitar e refletir a respeito de compreensões atinentes às decisões de pesquisadores quanto as suas opções por abordagens quantitativas ou abordagens qualitativas, objetivando responder a seguinte questão de pesquisa: A inserção de dados numéricos por meio de gráficos, tabela e outras formas de representação garantem em si, que seja uma pesquisa classificada como quantitativa? Metodologicamente trata-se de um estudo teórico, apresentado por meio do gênero acadêmico ensaio, pautado em incursões na literatura pertinente. Neste sentido o artigo se propôs a realizar um diálogo do tema, tomando como base alguns teóricos consagrados, em especial buscando focar nas áreas de ensino de ciências e educação no âmbito do Brasil, e assim, discutir e esclarecer que a opção pelo tipo de abordagem é uma escolha holística e que não deve ser reduzida às opções pelo método de pesquisa, se quantitativo ou qualitativo, visando indicar caminhos para melhorar a qualidade da pesquisa na área.
Palavras-chave: Pesquisa Qualitativa; Pesquisa Quantitativa; Métodos; Tipos de Abordagens.
INTERNAL MODIFICATION IN REQUESTING USED BY EFL LEARNERS
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: October 2020

Speech acts realization of request is distinct for it leaves benefit to the requester but loss to the requestee. Thus, politeness is a primary issue in requesting. Therefore, internal modification can be used to soften the impact of the request. This paper looks into the internal modification used by EFL learners compared to the native speakers. Discourse Completion Tasks (DCT) is used to obtain the data. Then, the internal modification strategy is analyzed based on Trosborg's strategy of request (Trosborg, 1994). The research reveals the variety of the internal modification used by EFL learners are still limited compared to the native speakers. In this case, some factors are proved to determine the performance of the strategy being used such as proficiency and direct contact with native speakers as well as immersion in the English exposure, e.g length of stay in English speaking country.
VIDEO TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY
Authors: Cahyani Dian Anik
Published: October 2020

Video as an audio-visual material in teaching English has grown rapidly and it is obvious that the use of video is a great help for students in stimulating and facilitating the target language. This study tries to solve students’ speaking problems and improve speaking ability by using video. The writer uses Classroom Action Research as research design. The implementation of video in teaching speaking class is arranged to bring benefit of the language learners. Video can make the classroom atmosphere more interesting and make students easier to speak. Video also stimulates students to be active.  The students’ response about the implementation of video is positive and it will be alternative strategy in teaching speaking. So, video can improve the students’ speaking ability.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO STAY TWO STRAY IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Imran Fathurrahman
Published: October 2020

This research was aimed: to find out significant effect of Two Stay Two Stray in Teaching Reading Comprehension at the second year Students of MTs Hidayatussibyan NW Sengkerang in academic year 2013/2014. The kind of this research was quantitative research. The population of this research was the second grade students that consist of 28 students. The instrument of collecting data used test which was 50 multiple choice items. In this research, the researcher gave a treatment and prepared a test in form of multiple choices to look for the effect of Two Stay Two Stray in Teaching Reading Comprehension. The result of the data analysis indicated that the grade students obtained high score on the post test. It means that, the Two Stay Two Stray gave a significant effect in students’ reading comprehension. It was proven by the lowest and highest score in pre-test and post-test, they were 20 and 58 and post-test were 32 and 80. Thus, the result of alternative hypothesis was accepted. It was provable that ttest was higher than ttable, which was the value of ttest was 4.875 and ttable 27 in significance level of 0.05% was 2.052.