bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A. B. Mitford and the Birth of Japan as a Modern State
Authors: Morton Robert
Published: April 2022

Mitford (later to become the first Lord Redesdale) was an urbane aristocrat, had charm, looks and excellent manners. He was always in the right place at the right time, almost drowned, could have burned to death, was shot at, and was nearly cut down by samurai swords. However, ''Bertie'', as he was known, was never fazed by events. He stood face-to-face with the new, teenage Emperor when almost everybody else, including the Shogun, could only talk to him behind a screen. He became friendly with the last Shogun and witnessed a hara-kiri, his atmospheric account of which is now a classic. An accomplished linguist and writer, Mitford was the outstanding chronicler of the Meiji Restoration, complementing the writings of his contemporary Ernest Satow.

This book will be of particular interest to students and readers of Japanese history, as well as readers of nineteenth-century biography in general. It will also have special appeal to those who are familiar with the Mitford family history.
The Paintings of Korean Shaman Gods
Authors: Tae-gon Kim
Published: April 2022

This is the first monograph on the subject to be published in English. It comprises 130 full-colour plates of shaman gods. Supported by two introductory chapters ‘Reflections on Shaman God Paintings and Shamanism’ by Kim Tae-gon, and ‘The Shaman God Paintings as an Icon and its Artistic Qualities’ by Bak Yong-suk, both distinguished authorities in the study of Korean shamanism, The Paintings of Korean Shaman Gods offers a very accessible introduction to understanding Korean shamanism and its art. Its broad appeal will be welcomed by both specialists and generalists in the fields of Asian studies, art history and cultural and religious studies.
British Royal and Japanese Imperial Relations, 1868-2018
Authors: Kornicki Peter , Best Antony , Cortazzi Hugh
Published: April 2022

This new scholarly study examines the history of the relations between the British and Japanese monarchies over the past 150 years. Complemented by a significant plate section which includes a number of rarely seen images, as well as a chronology of royal/imperial visits and extensive bibliography, British Royal and Japanese Imperial Relations, 1868-2018 will become a benchmark reference on the subject. The volume is divided into three sections. Part I, by Peter Kornicki, examines the 'royals and imperials' history during the Meiji era; Part II, by Antony Best, examines the first half of the twentieth century; and Part III, by Sir Hugh Cortazzi, focuses on the post-war history up to the present day. Published in association with the Japan Society, its appearance marks the abdication of Emperor Akihito and the enthronement of Crown Prince Naruhito in May 2019. It is also a memorial volume to the late Sir Hugh Cortazzi who died in August 2018, shortly after completing his own contribution to the volume.
Early Photography in Vietnam
Authors: Bennett Terry
Published: April 2022

Early Photography in Vietnam is a fascinating and outstanding pictorial record of photography in Vietnam during the century of French rule. In more than 500 photographs, many published here for the first time, the volume records Vietnam’s capture and occupation by the French, the wide-ranging ethnicities and cultures of Vietnam, and the country’s fierce resistance to foreign rule, leading to the reassertion of its own identity and subsequent independence. This benchmark volume also includes a chronology of photography (1845-1954), an index of more than 240 photographers and studios in the same period, appendixes focusing on postcards, royal photographic portraits, Cartes de Visite and Cabinet Cards, as well as a select bibliography and list of illustrations.
British Extraterritoriality in Korea 1884-1910
Authors: Roberts Christopher
Published: April 2022

Filling an important gap in extraterritoriality studies and in the history of Anglo-Korean relations, this benchmark study examines Britain’s exercise of extraterritorial rights in Korea from 1884 until Korea’s formal annexation by Japan in 1910. It shows how the treaty provisions ‘which provided for Britain’s ideal extra-territorial regime’ were influenced by Britain’s considerably greater experience in Japan beginning in 1859. The caseload proved miniscule in the absence of any large British commercial or maritime presence. Nevertheless, it provides an insight into extra-territoriality’s operation outside major commercial centres and ports. Britain’s protection of Chinese interests in Korea in the aftermath of the Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895 is also covered.
Space Weathering Effects in Troilite by Simulated Solar‐Wind Hydrogen and Helium Ion Irradiation
Authors: Christoph J. M. , Minesinger G. M. , Bu C. , Dukes C. A. , Elkins‐Tanton L. T.
Published: April 2022

Space weathering is a key process in the interpretation of airless planetary surfaces. As we engage new missions to planetary objects with potentially novel surfaces such as 16 Psyche, there is renewed interest in expanding our knowledge of space weathering effects to a wider variety of analog materials, including the physical/chemical effects of solar‐wind ions on planetary regoliths. We have experimentally simulated the effects of solar ions on two polished thick sections of meteoritic troilite (FeS) via irradiation with 1 keV hydrogen (H+) and 4 keV helium (He+), to investigate effects resulting from different ion species. We detected depletion of sulfur over the course of each irradiation using in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Sulfur depletion rates were surprisingly similar for H+ and He+, interpreted as a function of subsurface ion‐activated diffusion. By comparing XPS‐derived elemental abundances with SDTrimSP computer simulations, we further quantified sulfur diffusion, sputtering yield, and altered‐layer composition with respect to incident‐ion fluence, and accounted for the influence of surface oxidation due to atmospheric sample storage. Using scanning electron microscopy, we detected an increase in nanoscale surface roughness resulting from the irradiation, which we quantified using atomic force microscopy. Based on these results, we estimate that an exposure time of order 103 Earth‐years is required for troilite on Psyche to reach equilibrium sulfur depletion within the first atomic layer.
Siberian High Modulated Suborbital‐Scale Dust Accumulation Changes Over the Past 30 ka in the Eastern Yili Basin, Central Asia
Authors: Kang Shugang , Wang Xulong , Wang Ning , Song Yougui , Liu Weiguo , Wang Duo , Peng Jun
Published: April 2022

Loess contributes considerably to understanding the interactions between dust cycles and climate change. However, systematic and regional‐scale reconstructions of variations in the dust mass accumulation rate (MAR) using Central Asian loess are lacking. Based on the high‐resolution luminescence dating of 10 loess sections, we present a stacked suborbital‐scale (multi‐millennial‐scale herein) dust MAR record over the past 30 ka in the eastern Yili Basin, Central Asia, which shows obvious advantages at representing basin‐scale dust accumulation changes when compared with that based on individual sites. The stacked results in the eastern Yili Basin indicate that the MAR level remained high during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by a dramatically decreasing trend throughout the last deglaciation, and exhibited a slight decrease during the early Holocene and early middle Holocene, followed by a clear increasing trend toward the late Holocene. We propose that changes in the Siberian High intensity dominantly modulated the aforementioned MAR variations. These results effectively link dust accumulation to the Siberian High, imply a possibly weakened dust activity in the Yili Basin at a long‐term scale under future global warming scenarios, and also provide a significant reference for dust accumulation reconstruction in other basins in Central Asia.
Increased expression of RUNX3 inhibits normal human myeloid development
Authors: Menezes Ana Catarina , Jones Rachel , Shrestha Alina , Nicholson Rachael , Leckenby Adam , Azevedo Aleksandra , Davies Sara , Baker Sarah , Gilkes Amanda F. , Darley Richard L. , Tonks Alex
Published: April 2022

RUNX3 is a transcription factor dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, its role in normal myeloid development and leukemia is poorly understood. Here we investigate RUNX3 expression in both settings and the impact of its dysregulation on myelopoiesis. We found that RUNX3 mRNA expression was stable during hematopoiesis but decreased with granulocytic differentiation. In AML, RUNX3 mRNA was overexpressed in many disease subtypes, but downregulated in AML with core binding factor abnormalities, such as RUNX1::ETO. Overexpression of RUNX3 in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) inhibited myeloid differentiation, particularly of the granulocytic lineage. Proliferation and myeloid colony formation were also inhibited. Conversely, RUNX3 knockdown did not impact the myeloid growth and development of human HSPC. Overexpression of RUNX3 in the context of RUNX1::ETO did not rescue the RUNX1::ETO-mediated block in differentiation. RNA-sequencing showed that RUNX3 overexpression downregulates key developmental genes, such as KIT and RUNX1, while upregulating lymphoid genes, such as KLRB1 and TBX21. Overall, these data show that increased RUNX3 expression observed in AML could contribute to the developmental arrest characteristic of this disease, possibly by driving a competing transcriptional program favoring a lymphoid fate.
Deubiquitylase OTUD3 prevents Parkinson’s disease through stabilizing iron regulatory protein 2
Authors: Jia Fengju , Li Hongchang , Jiao Qian , Li Chaonan , Fu Lin , Cui Chunping , Jiang Hong , Zhang Lingqiang
Published: April 2022

Iron deposits are neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) is a key factor in regulating brain iron homeostasis. Although two ubiquitin ligases that promote IRP2 degradation have been identified, the deubiquitylase for stabilization of IRP2 in PD remains undefined. Here, we report OTUD3 (OTU domain-containing protein 3) functions as a deubiquitylase for IRP2, interacts with IRP2 in the cytoplasm, de-polyubiquitylates, and stabilizes IRP2 protein in an iron-independent manner. Depletion of OTUD3 results in a disorder of iron metabolism. OTUD3 knockout mice display nigral iron accumulation, motor deficits, and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration, which resembles the pathology of PD. Consistently, decreased levels of OTUD3 are detected in transgenic PD mice expressing A53T mutant of human α-synuclein. Five single nucleotide polymorphism mutations of OTUD3 are present in cases of sporadic PD or controls, although no significant associations of OTUD3 SNPs with sporadic PD are detected. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that OTUD3 is a bona fide deubiquitylase for IRP2 and plays a critical role in the nigral iron deposits in PD.
MEX3A promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression via the miR-3163/SCIN axis by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Xiang Xin-xin , Liu Yong-liang , Kang Yi-fan , Lu Xiang , Xu Kai
Published: April 2022

Mex-3 RNA Binding Family Member A (MEX3A) is an RNA-binding protein that plays complex and diverse roles in the development of various malignancies. However, its role and mechanism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain undefined and were therefore evaluated in this study. By analyzing Gene Expression Omnibus data and using tissue microarrays, we found that MEX3A is significantly upregulated in NPC and negatively associated with prognosis. Notably, MEX3A depletion led to decreased cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, but increased apoptosis in NPC cells in vitro, while inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. Using whole-transcript expression arrays and bioinformatic analysis, we identified scinderin (SCIN) and miR-3163 as potential downstream targets of MEX3A in NPC. The regulatory mechanisms of MEX3A, SCIN and miR-3163 were further investigated using rescue experiments. Importantly, SCIN depletion and miR-3163 inhibition reversed and rescued the oncogenic effects of MEX3A, respectively. Moreover, NF-κB signaling inhibition reversed the oncogenic effects of both SCIN and MEX3A. In summary, our results demonstrate that MEX3A may promote NPC development and progression via the miR-3163/SCIN axis by regulating NF-κB signaling, thus providing a potential target for NPC treatment.
GCN5-mediated regulation of pathological cardiac hypertrophy via activation of the TAK1-JNK/p38 signaling pathway
Authors: Li Jia , Yan Chenghui , Wang Yilong , Chen Can , Yu Haibo , Liu Dan , Huang Kai , Han Yaling
Published: April 2022

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a process of abnormal remodeling of cardiomyocytes in response to pressure overload or other stress stimuli, resulting in myocardial injury, which is a major risk factor for heart failure, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. General control nonrepressed protein 5 (GCN5)/lysine acetyltransferase 2 A, a member of the histone acetyltransferase and lysine acetyltransferase families, regulates a variety of physiological and pathological events. However, the function of GCN5 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of GCN5 in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. GCN5 expression was increased in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and mouse hearts of a hypertrophic mouse model. GCN5 overexpression aggravated the cardiac hypertrophy triggered by transverse aortic constriction surgery. In contrast, inhibition of GCN5 impairs the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Similar results were obtained upon stimulation of NRCMs (having GCN5 overexpressed or knocked down) with phenylephrine. Mechanistically, our results indicate that GCN5 exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy via excessive activation of the transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 signaling pathway. Using a TAK1-specific inhibitor in rescue experiments confirmed that the activation of TAK1 is essential for GCN5-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. In summary, the current study elucidated the role of GCN5 in promotion of cardiac hypertrophy, thereby implying it to be a potential target for treatment.
Effects of breccia and water contents on the mechanical properties of fault-core-zone materials
Authors: Yun Hyun-Seok , Moon Seong-Woo , Seo Yong-Seok
Published: April 2022

Determining the mechanical properties of fault-core-zone materials is challenging because of the low strength of such materials, which affects field sampling, specimen preparation, and laboratory testing. We overcame this problem by preparing and testing mechanical properties of 132 artificial fault-core-zone specimens consisting of mixtures of breccia, sand, clay, and water. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS), elastic modulus (E), and penetration resistance value (PRV) of these fault-core-zone materials were measured, and the effects of breccia content and water content on mechanical properties were assessed. Results show that UCS is inversely proportional to breccia content and water content, and that E is inversely proportional to water content. Furthermore, the inverse relationship of UCS with water content varies with breccia content. UCS is proportional to both PRV and E, and the relationship for each varies with breccia content. High coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.62–0.88) between the parameters suggest that breccia content, water content, and PRV are potentially useful parameters for estimating the mechanical properties of fault core zones.
The functional safety assessment of cyber-physical system operation process described by Markov chain
Authors: Kovtun Viacheslav , Izonin Ivan , Gregus Michal
Published: April 2022

The functional safety assessment is one of the primary tasks both at the design stage and at the stage of operation of critical infrastructure at all levels. The article's main contribution is the information technology of calculating the author's metrics of functional safety for estimating the instance of the model of the cyber-physical system operation. The calculation of metric criteria analytically summarizes the results of expert evaluation of the system in VPR-metrics and the results of statistical processing of information on the system's operation presented in the parametric space Markov model of this process. The advantages of the proposed approach are the following: the need to process orders of magnitude less empirical data to obtain objective estimates of the investigated system; taking into account the configuration scheme and architecture of the security subsystem of the investigated system when calculating the metric; completeness, compactness, and simplicity of interpretation of evaluation results; the ability to assess the achievability of the limit values of the metric criteria based on the model of operation of the investigated system. The paper demonstrates the application of the proposed technology to assess the functional safety of the model of a real cyber-physical system.
Aptamer loaded superparamagnetic beads for selective capturing and gentle release of activated protein C
Authors: Hamedani Nasim Shahidi , Happich Felix Lucian , Klein Eva-Maria , Rühl Heiko , Mayer Günter , Oldenburg Johannes , Müller Jens , Pötzsch Bernd
Published: April 2022

Activated protein C (APC) is a serine protease with anticoagulant and cytoprotective activities which make it an attractive target for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this work, we present one-step activation of APC from a commercial source of protein C (PC, Ceprotin) followed by rapid and efficient purification using an APC-specific aptamer, HS02-52G, loaded on MyOne superparamagnetic beads. Due to the Ca2+-dependent binding of APC to HS02-52G, an efficient capturing of APC was applied in the presence of Ca2+ions, while a gentle release of captured APC was achieved in the elution buffer containing low EDTA concentration (5 mM). The captured and eluted APC showed more than 95% purity according to SDS-PAGE gel analysis and an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (VIDAS Protein C). The purification yield of 45% was calculated when 4.2 µg APC was used, however this yield reduced to 21% if the starting amount of APC increased to 28.5 µg. Altogether, this method is recommended for rapid and efficient PC activation and APC purification. The purified APC can be used directly for downstream processes where high concentration of pure and active APC is needed.
Evaluation of skeletal muscle activity during foot training exercises using positron emission tomography
Authors: Kanayama Tomoyuki , Nakase Junsuke , Mochizuki Takafumi , Asai Kazuki , Yoshimizu Rikuto , Kimura Mitsuhiro , Kinuya Seigo , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki
Published: April 2022

The foot exercises “rock-paper-scissors” and “towel gathering” are widely used in patients with lower limb disorders; however, there are no detailed reports on muscle activity during such training. We quantitatively evaluated the difference in skeletal muscle activity between the two exercises using positron emission tomography. Eight university student athletes were included. Four participants each were assigned to the foot rock-paper-scissors and towel gathering groups. Participants in each group underwent continuous training for 15 min, and received an intravenous injection of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. After retraining for 15 min, participants rested for 45 min. Regions of interest were defined in 25 muscles. The standardized uptake value (SUV) in the trained limb was compared with that in the non-trained control limb. SUVs increased in four skeletal muscles (tibialis anterior, peroneus brevis, extensor hallucis brevis, and abductor hallucis) in the rock-paper-scissors group, and in four muscles (flexor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis brevis, extensor digitorum brevis, and quadratus plantae) in the towel gathering group. Thus, foot rock-paper-scissors and towel gathering involved skeletal muscles related to the medial longitudinal arch and toe grip strength, respectively. Given that the two exercises target different skeletal muscles, they should be taught and implemented according to their respective purposes.
Deep parameter-free attention hashing for image retrieval
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Wang Liejun , Cheng Shuli
Published: April 2022

Deep hashing method is widely applied in the field of image retrieval because of its advantages of low storage consumption and fast retrieval speed. There is a defect of insufficiency feature extraction when existing deep hashing method uses the convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract images semantic features. Some studies propose to add channel-based or spatial-based attention modules. However, embedding these modules into the network can increase the complexity of model and lead to over fitting in the training process. In this study, a novel deep parameter-free attention hashing (DPFAH) is proposed to solve these problems, that designs a parameter-free attention (PFA) module in ResNet18 network. PFA is a lightweight module that defines an energy function to measure the importance of each neuron and infers 3-D attention weights for feature map in a layer. A fast closed-form solution for this energy function proves that the PFA module does not add any parameters to the network. Otherwise, this paper designs a novel hashing framework that includes the hash codes learning branch and the classification branch to explore more label information. The like-binary codes are constrained by a regulation term to reduce the quantization error in the continuous relaxation. Experiments on CIFAR-10, NUS-WIDE and Imagenet-100 show that DPFAH method achieves better performance.
Occupational disease claims and non-occupational morbidity in a prospective cohort observation of nickel electrolysis workers
Authors: Syurin Sergei , Vinnikov Denis
Published: April 2022

Exposure to nickel aerosol in the nickel production is associated with greater occupational risk, yet little is known how many workers will develop an occupational disease and claim compensation. The aim of this analysis was to prospectively observe a cohort of nickel electrolysis workers and quantitatively assess confirmed occupational disease claims. We observed a cohort of nickel electrolysis workers (N = 1397, median age 39, 68% males) from 2008 till 2020 in one of the largest nickel producers in the Russian High North. Cumulative incidence of confirmed occupational disease claims in seven occupational groups, including electrolysis operators, hydrometallurgists, crane operators, final product cleaners, metalworkers, electricians and ‘other’ was analyzed and supplemented with Cox proportional hazards regression, yielding hazard ratios (HR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of occupational disease claims for each group. N patients with occupational disease claims varied from 1 in 2016 to 22 in 2009, and in total 87 patients developed one or more occupational diseases (cumulative incidence 6.2%, p < 0.001 between seven groups). Accounting for 35,527 person-years of observation in total, cleaners exhibited the greatest risk (HR 2.58 (95% CI 1.43–4.64)), also adjusted for smoking, number of non-occupational diseases and group 2 (hydrometallurgists). Smoking was independently associated with having an occupational disease claim in all groups (p < 0.001), as was the number of non-work-related diseases in six groups of seven. Despite consistent improvement in the exposure control measures in nickel production, occupational morbidity persists. More effort is needed to reduce exposure in final product cleaners.
The protective effect of the experimental TiF4 and chitosan toothpaste on erosive tooth wear in vitro
Authors: Francese Monique Malta , Gonçalves Isabela Vieira Bolzan , Vertuan Mariele , de Souza Beatriz Martines , Magalhães Ana Carolina
Published: April 2022

This study evaluated the protective effect of TiF4and chitosan toothpaste on erosive tooth wear (ETW) in vitro. Enamel and dentin samples were randomly assigned to toothpastes (n = 12): (G1) TiF4(1400 ppm F−), (G2) 0.5% chitosan (75% deacetylation, 500 mPas), (G3) TiF4(1400 ppm F−) plus 0.5% chitosan (75% deacetylation, 500 mPas), (G4) Placebo, (G5) Erosion Protection (Elmex-GABA, 1400 ppm F−). Twelve samples were only eroded. All samples were submitted to erosive pH cycles and G1 to G5 to abrasive challenges using toothpastes’ slurries plus 45 s of treatment, for 7 days. The final profile was overlaid to the baseline one for the ETW calculation (µm). The data were subjected to Kruskal–Wallis/Dunn tests. TiF4toothpastes, regardless of the presence of chitosan, were able to significantly reduce ETW compared to placebo, while chitosan alone was similar to placebo for both tissues. The toothpastes containing TiF4were even superior to the commercial Elmex toothpaste on enamel, while they were similar on dentin; both were also significantly different from placebo for both tissues. TiF4and Elmex toothpastes minimized the impact of brushing on eroded surface. In conclusion, TiF4toothpastes, regardless the presence of chitosan, showed to be effective in minimizing ETW in vitro.
Role of neuroticism and perceived stress on quality of life among patients with dry eye disease
Authors: Tananuvat Napaporn , Tansanguan Sasiwimon , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Wongpakaran Tinakon
Published: April 2022

This hospital-based, cross-sectional observational study aimed to examine whether neuroticism has an impact on stress that is related to dry eye disease (DED) and quality of life (QOL). One hundred participants who had DED completed the Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (DEQS) questionnaire, a 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L), Neuroticism Inventory (NI), and 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Hierarchical linear regression was applied to determine the predictive effect of the independent variables. Participants’ mean age was 50.91 ± 14.3 years, and females totalled 89.0%. Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that DESQ-Ocular symptoms were the strongest predictor for QOL either assessed by DEQS or EQ-5D, and its effect was lessened when perceived stress and neuroticism were added to the model. The final model explained up to 30–39% variance of the QOL, compared with 13–32% by DESQ-Ocular symptoms alone. QOL of the patients with DED, is not only related to eye symptoms but perceived stress. Moreover, neuroticism was a strong predictor contributing to the QOL among patients with DED. The study showed a significant association between perceived stress, neuroticism and the QOL of patients with DED. Personality has some impact on both subjective dry eye symptoms and impact on daily life, along with the general health-related QOL.
A proximity labeling method for protein–protein interactions on cell membrane
Authors: Li Qiongyu , Xie Yixuan , Rice Rachel , Maverakis Emanual , Lebrilla Carlito B.
Published: April 2022

Modified catalytic antibodies targeting specific antigens are employed to investigate protein interactions and antigen interaction sites.
A deep tumor penetration nanoplatform for glycolysis inhibition and antimetastasis of breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Jie , Yin Qianwen , Li Shengnan , Yang Ruhe , Lou Rui , Sun Yiwen , Du Bin
Published: April 2022

Schematic illustration of the synthesis of FA-EDTA/ICG-Lip NPs and their application in inhibiting the production of lactic acid in deep tumors and activating the immune system to enhance anti-metastasis.
Walnut green husk ethanol extract improves gut microbiota and their metabolites associated with NLRP3 in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Fang Qionglian , Li Xinping , Wang Mengmeng , Qiao Xue , Huang Feng , Hu Chunyan , Xue Yongmei , Zhao Shenglan , Lin Yuping
Published: April 2022

Increasing studies have shown that walnut green husk (WGH) has obvious effects on reducing lipid, resisting oxidation, and protecting the liver.
Electrochemical performance of transition metal based CoB2O4 (B = Co and Fe) oxides as an electrode material for energy storage devices
Authors: Goyal Megha , Verma Sahil , Malik Jaideep , Giri Prakash , Kumar Rajesh , Gaur Anurag
Published: April 2022

A high capacitance of 1039 F g−1 for Co3O4 as compared to 527 F g−1 for CoFe2O4 along with a capacity retention of 86% for up to GCD 5000 cycles, confirm it's potential to be used as an electrode for practical energy storage devices.
Migration inhibition and selective cytotoxicity of cobalt hydroxide nanosheets on different cancer cell lines
Authors: Lu Jiao Yang , Zhou Xiaolong , Yang Jialiang , Zhou Yi , He Binsheng , Huang Wei Tao , Wang Yajing , Guo Zhen
Published: April 2022

5 nm-thick cobalt hydroxide nanosheets exhibited concentration-dependent selective antitumor activity and cell migration inhibition against a variety of cancer cells.
The copolymerization of SO2with propylene oxide mediated by organic ammonium salts: a comprehensive study of the main-chain structure, living polymerization character and regioselectivity
Authors: Jin Xian-Chao , Ren Bai-Hao , Gu Ge-Ge , Yue Tian-Jun , Ren Wei-Min
Published: April 2022

The copolymerization of SO2with PO mediated by PPNCl was comprehensively studied with reference to main-chain structure analysis, living polymerization character, regioselectivity, and cyclic byproducts.
Hybrid-metal hydroxyl fluoride nanosheet arrays as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Li Yafei , Zhai Xingwu , Fan Changchun , Chen Xunxin , Liu Yinglun , Yang Jueming , Chen Long , Ge Guixian , Zhang Jinli
Published: April 2022

We designed and fabricated self-supporting hybrid-metal (hydroxyl) fluoride [CoxFey(OH)F] nanosheet arrays on nickel foam through a one-step hydrothermal method. Co0.21Fe0.28(OH)F is simultaneously used as cathode and anode in a two-electrode cell for overall water splitting.
Inhibition of buried cavities and defects in metal halide perovskite photodetectors via a two-step spin-coating method
Authors: Wang Silei , Li Tengteng , Li Qingyan , Zhao Hongliang , Zheng Chenglong , Li Mengyao , Li Jitao , Zhang Yating , Yao Jianquan
Published: April 2022

The responsivity of perovskite photodetectors is improved by modified two-step spin-coating method, and the lift-off technique reveals that the performance improvement is related to the reduced crystal imperfections and nanocavities at the buried perovskite interface.
Lightweight and Deep Appearance Embedding for Multiple Object Tracking
Authors: Ye Liangling , Li Weida , Zheng Lixin , Zeng Yuanyue
Published: April 2022

The main challenge of Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) is that there is great uncertainty in data association when using the tracked predicted values and tracked trajectories. Meanwhile, the MOT is complex and time‐consuming. When equipment resources are limited or real‐time requirement is high, its application is very limited. Therefore, we propose a Lightweight Deep Appearance Embedding (LDAE) to assist the association of trajectories. Firstly, in addition to motion information in data association, we also introduce more discriminative appearance features to participate in the affinity measure to effectively distinguish similar targets. Secondly, according to the idea of feature mapping, we design a lightweight deep appearance embedding module. It can help extract appearance features with less computation. Finally, we propose a simulated occlusion strategy for the training of the LDAE, which helps improve the ability to recognise different targets in dense scenes. The LDAE dramatically reduces the computational cost and improves the accuracy of data association. Extensive experiments are conducted on the MOT datasets (MOT16, MOT17 and MOT20), which prove that the LDAE outperforms several state‐of‐the‐art trackers in the tracking accuracy and anti‐occlusion performance. Furthermore, we apply the LDAE to escalators, which can achieve fast and stable tracking effect.
Unidirectional medium voltage rectifier utilizing sinusoidal input currents
Authors: Makoschitz Markus
Published: April 2022

Due to recent advances in the field of wide bandgap semiconductors, medium voltage converters are starting to regain momentum. This is mainly facilitated as SiC MOSFETs with blocking voltages of up to 10 kV and switching frequencies in the 10th of kilohertz range are starting to become commercially available. Therefore, a unidirectional three‐phase medium voltage rectifier based on a diode bridge rectifier and active current injection network is proposed which benefits from a relatively low number of active semiconductor devices compared to already existing medium voltage solutions. Furthermore, sinusoidal mains currents can be achieved due to third harmonic injection techniques.
Multi‐hazard fragility analysis of RC bridges for high seismicity and high scouring scenarios
Authors: Ghimire Roshan , Pradhan Piyush , Gautam Dipendra
Published: April 2022

Both earthquakes and floods occur frequently in the Himalayas. Since bridge structures are designed considering earthquake forces alone, floods are causing significant damage to bridges almost every year. Thus, it is obvious that floods and earthquakes are the two most important natural hazards that could alter the performance of bridges in the Himalayas. Furthermore, settlement and scouring are commonly observed in many bridges in Nepal and neighbouring regions. To this end, the conventional earthquake force‐based analysis approaches become conservative as the conventional approaches do not account for multi‐hazard impacts and design considerations. To fulfil the gap regarding multi‐hazard vulnerability characterization, this study presents a comparative assessment of single and multiple natural hazards that are likely to impact Nepali highway bridges. Seismic fragility functions for representative reinforced concrete (RC) bridges are developed for earthquake only and earthquake and scouring scenarios. Parametric variation of likely scouring depth obtained from the hydrological analysis is used to depict the probabilistic scenario to obtain fragility functions for various scour levels. The sum of the findings outlines that the seismic vulnerability of RC bridges increases significantly when scouring precedes seismic excitation.
Transplantatversagen nach PKP und DMEK: Was ist die beste Option?
Authors: Seitz Berthold , Daas Loay , Wykrota Agata Anna , Flockerzi Elias , Suffo Shady
Published: April 2022

Die Hornhauttransplantation ist das weltweit am häufigsten durchgeführte Verfahren zur Transplantation von menschlichem Gewebe. Aufgrund der großen Anzahl von Transplantationen hat sich das
Versagen von Hornhauttransplantaten aus immunologischen und nicht immunologischen Gründen (z. B. Rezidiv der Grunderkrankung, hoher Augendruck, transplantierte Guttae, übertragene HSV- oder
CMV-Infektion) zu einer der häufigsten Indikationen für Hornhauttransplantationen entwickelt. Die relativ neuen lamellären Transplantationstechniken haben bestimmte potenzielle
Komplikationen mit sich gebracht, die zu einem Transplantatversagen führen und andere Ansätze als die perforierende Keratoplastik für eine erneute Transplantation erforderlich machen können.
Andererseits bieten diese neuen lamellären Techniken auch neue Möglichkeiten zur Rettung fehlgeschlagener perforierender Transplantate, mit potenziellen Vorteilen gegenüber
aufeinanderfolgenden perforierenden Keratoplastiken, wie z. B. geringere intraoperative Risiken, schnellere visuelle Rehabilitation und reduziertes Abstoßungsrisiko. Heute stellt bei gutem
Heilungsverlauf der mit seinem Transplantat vor der endothelialen Dekompensation zufriedene Patient mit geringem Astigmatismus und ohne stromale Narben die optimale Voraussetzung für die
DMEK nach PKP dar. Diese kann auch mit einer Phakoemulsifikation kombiniert werden (sog. Triple-DMEK). Anderenfalls erfolgt eine perforierende Re-Keratoplastik mit einem größeren
Transplantat (typischerweise Excimerlaser-Re-PKP 8,5/8,6 mm), um gleichzeitig Ödem, Narben und Verkrümmung zu therapieren. Die Anamnese hat bei dieser Entscheidung Gewicht! Eine Re-DMEK bei
Transplantatversagen nach DMEK und DSAEK bedarf keiner Modifikation der Standardtechnik und führt bei raschem Vorgehen zu guten Visusergebnissen. Bei eindeutiger stromaler Vernarbung nach
multiplen (externen) DMEKs kann auch eine PKP zur Bereinigung der Situation erwogen werden. Bei ansonsten grundlos rezidivierenden Transplantatversagen muss man an eine herpetische oder
CMV-Endotheliitis denken und nach PCR-Analyse des Kammerwasseraspirats entsprechend medikamentös therapieren.
Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome in Children
Authors: Sandrock-Lang Kirstin , Glonnegger Hannah , Zieger Barbara
Published: April 2022

Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is a rare bleeding disorder caused by various underlying diseases or conditions and should be distinguished from the inherited type of von Willebrand disease. AVWS is associated with underlying diseases such as cardiovascular, autoimmune, malignant, proliferative disorders, or with mechanical circulatory support (MCS). AVWS was first reported in 1968 and most case reports describe AVWS in adults. However, AVWS can appear in pediatric patients occasionally as well. Because bleeding complications are rare in everyday life, AVWS may be underdiagnosed in pediatric patients. Therefore, the diagnosis should be suspected in a pediatric patient who is known for one of these underlying diseases or conditions and who presents with an onset of bleeding symptoms, especially before the child will undergo an invasive procedure. Here, we present an overview of the diagnostic analyses regarding AVWS and of the underlying diseases or conditions in which AVWS should be considered. Importantly, the patient's history should be investigated for bleeding symptoms (mucocutaneous or postoperative bleeding). As no single routine coagulation test can reliably confirm or exclude AVWS, the diagnosis may be challenging. Laboratory investigations should include analysis of von Willebrand factor (VWF):antigen, VWF:collagen-binding capacity, VWF:activity, and VWF multimeric analyses. For treatment, tranexamic acid, 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, and VWF-containing concentrate can be used. AVWS disappears after the underlying disease has been successfully treated or the MCS has been explanted.
Advancing the Logic of Polymer Synthesis via Skeletal Rearrangements
Authors: Zhukhovitskiy Aleksandr V. , Ratushnyy Maxim , Ditzler Rachael A. J.
Published: April 2022

Polymers are ubiquitous materials that have driven technological innovation since the middle of the 20th century. As such, the logic that guides polymer synthesis merit considerable attention. Thus far, this logic has often been ‘forward-synthetic’, which constrains the accessible structures of polymer materials. In this article, we emphasize the benefits of ‘retrosynthetic’ logic and posit that the development of skeletal rearrangements of polymer backbones is central to the realization of this logic. To illustrate this point, we discuss two recent examples from our laboratory – Brook and Ireland–Claisen rearrangements of polymer backbones – and contextualize them in prior reports of sigmatropic rearrangements and skeletal rearrangements of polymers. We envision that further development of skeletal rearrangements of polymers will enable advances in not only the chemistry of such rearrangements and the logic of polymer synthesis, but also polymer re- and upcycling.
Treatment of Cartilage Defects of the Knee in Military Tactical Athletes: An Overview of Management and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Swan Erin R. , Lynch Thomas B. , Sheean Andrew J.
Published: April 2022

Cartilage defects of the knee are a common problem that can be caused by trauma or chronic repetitive overload and result in debilitating functional limitations. These consequences are of particular significance to military service members, who, by in large, are a group of young, active individuals with professional duties requiring full, unrestricted activity and function. The burden of knee chondral-related disease among military tactical athletes is well established, and systematic approach to the evaluation of a military member with suspected knee chondral pathology facilitates the execution of a surgical procedure that maximizes the likelihood of a return to duty. Despite advances in cartilage restoration surgery, chondral pathology of the knee remains a vexing problem and an omnipresent threat to military medical readiness and warfighter lethality.
Impact of Primary Tumor Size, SUVmax of Primary Tumor and the Most Avid Neck Node on Baseline 18FDG PET/CT upon Disease Recurrence in Head and Neck Oropharyngeal SCC Using Standardized Imaging Protocol
Authors: Fatima Nosheen , Zaman Areeba , Zaman Unaiza , Zaman Sidra , Tahseen Rabia , Zaman Maseeh Uz
Published: April 2022

Objective The purpose fo this prospective study was to find the impact of primary tumor size (Ts), standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of primary tumor, and the most avid neck node on disease recurrence in patients with head and neck oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HNOP-SCC).

Material and methods We included patients with HNOP-SCC (without distant metastasis—M0 disease) who had pre- and post-treatment F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18FDG PET/CT) using strict standardized imaging protocol from 2017 to 2019. Based on follow-up (18FDG PET/CT) findings, patients were categorized as disease free (no or minimal 18FDG uptake ≤ background over surgical bed and no distant metastasis) and disease recurrence (18FDG uptake > background over surgical bed with or without nodal and/or distant metastasis). Ts and SUVmax of primary tumor and the most avid neck node were compared and impact of these was studied upon disease recurrence.

Results Total 112 patients were included. No significant difference was seen in mean age (overall: 60 ± 14 years), gender distribution (overall M:F: 69:31%), body mass index (overall: 25.20 ± 5.82), and history of diabetes (overall: 19%) between disease-free and disease recurrence groups. Similarly, no significant difference was observed for fasting blood sugar (overall: 110 ± 28 mg%), 18FDG dose (overall: 169 ± 37 MBq), and uptake period (overall: 70 ± 12 minutes) between two groups ensuring strict adherence to standardized imaging protocol. Significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between disease-free and disease recurrence for Ts (25 ± 10 vs. 33 ± 14 mm), SUVmax of primary tumor (6.2 ± 6.8 vs. 9.3 ± 7.2) and the most avid neck node (2.1 ± 3.3 vs. 4.7 ± 5.9) and median follow-up (13 ± 12 vs. 08 ± 13 months), respectively. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, Ts greater than 29 mm, baseline tumor SUVmax greater than 4.6, and nodal SUVmax greater than 6.2 were found independent predictors for disease recurrence. Nodal SUVmax greater than 6.2 was found an independent predictor of shortest disease-free survival (DFS) than Ts and tumor SUVmax.

Conclusion We conclude that in HNOP-SCC, primary Ts (> 29 mm), SUVmax of primary tumor (> 4.6), and the most avid neck node (> 6.2) in baseline 18FDG PET/CT using standardized imaging protocol are the independent predictors of disease recurrence. Furthermore, SUVmax greater than 6.2 of the most avid node predicts the shortest DFS than primary Ts and SUVmax of primary tumor.
Renal Spindle Cell Tumor with Thrombus Extension into the Inferior Vena Cava and the Right Atrium Depicted by PET/CT Scan
Authors: Sweedat Deya' Aldeen , Al-Hajaj Nabeela , Khzouz Jakub , Al-Ibraheem Akram
Published: April 2022

Tumor thrombus (also called intravascular tumor extension) can be defined as tumor extending into vessel; typically a vein, it occurs in a lot of malignancies like hepatocellular carcinoma, Wilms tumor, and others.1 Tumor thrombus has been reported to demonstrate increase in fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake that would differentiate it from the benign bland thrombus which would not take up FDG on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan.1 We present a case of spindle cell sarcoma of right kidney whose baseline contrast-enhanced CT revealed a mass replacing the right kidney and right renal vein associated with thrombus in the inferior vena cava (IVC). 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was done that revealed an FDG-avid hypermetabolic malignant right renal mass with hypermetabolic IVC thrombus extending to the right atrium.
The Role of SPECT/CT in Peritoneal Scintigraphy in the Era of Low-Dose Imaging: A Case Report
Authors: Newallo Domnique S. , Chataigne Michara , Muzahir Saima
Published: April 2022

Peritoneal scintigraphy, although rarely used, plays a vital role in the diagnosis of peritoneal dialysis catheter complications. Reported complications include spontaneous hydrothorax secondary to a pleuroperitoneal fistula, which requires the abandonment of peritoneal dialysis, given that a delay in diagnosis can lead to worsening clinical status. Previously reported peritoneal scintigraphy protocols recommended intraperitoneal instillation of radiotracer and moderate-to-large volumes of dialysate or sterile saline ranging from 350 to 2,000 mL. However, smaller volumes, in conjunction with the use of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography, are not verified in patients receiving peritoneal scintigraphy imaging.
Comparison of 18F-NaF Imaging, 99mTc-MDP Scintigraphy, and 18F-FDG for Detecting Bone Metastases
Authors: Dadgar Habibollah , Norouzbeigi Nasim , Jokar Narges , Zareizadeh Jafar , Gholamrezanezhad Ali , Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat , Abbaszadeh Moloud , Assadi Majid
Published: April 2022

Bone is a common metastasis site in several malignancies, most importantly prostate and breast cancers. Given the significance of the early and accurate diagnosis of bone metastases for preliminary staging, treatment planning and monitoring, restaging, and survival prediction in patients with malignancy, it is critical to compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of imaging modalities. Although technetium-99m-labeled diphosphonates [99mTc-MDP] scintigraphy has been used for assessing skeletal involvement, there is a renewed interest in fluorine-18-labeled sodium fluoride [18F-NaF] bone imaging with positron emission tomography or positron emission tomography/computed tomography, since this approach provides essential advantages in bone metastases evaluation. This review study aimed to discuss the basic and technical aspects of 18F-NaF imaging and its mechanism of action, and compare this modality with the 99mTc-MDP bone scan and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose using current evidence from the pertinent literature and case examples of the center in the study.
Carcinoma Penis Manifesting as Upfront Supraclavicular Lymph Node Metastases Detected by 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Scan: Report of an Extremely Rare and Aggressive Case
Authors: Purkayastha Abhishek , Suhag Virender , Taneja Sachin , Husain Azhar
Published: April 2022

Carcinoma penis is a rare malignancy accounting 0.5 to 1% cases in the developed countries with a slightly higher incidence in the developing nations. Slow locoregional progression is characteristic of penile carcinoma and distant metastases are very uncommon. We hereby report a case of highly aggressive squamous cell penile carcinoma in a 46-year-old male with fulminant upfront distant dissemination to left supraclavicular lymph nodes without involving the inguinal and pelvic nodes detected by whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan. The scan also detected lytic destructive lesion involving the pelvic and adjacent bones with infiltration of skeletal muscles. He was treated with palliative radiotherapy to the weight-bearing sites followed by systemic chemotherapy. A thorough review of literature reveals that our case may be one of the rarest cases ever reported in world literature where an asymptomatic penile carcinoma presents with upfront supraclavicular lymph node metastasis bypassing the inguinal, pelvic, and retroperitoneal lymph node chains.