bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A network integration approach for drug-target interaction prediction and computational drug repositioning from heterogeneous information
Authors: Luo Yunan , Zhao Xinbin , Zhou Jingtian , Yang Jinglin , Zhang Yanqing , Kuang Wenhua , Peng Jian , Chen Ligong , Zeng Jianyang
Published: September 2017

The emergence of large-scale genomic, chemical and pharmacological data provides new opportunities for drug discovery and repositioning. In this work, we develop a computational pipeline, called DTINet, to predict novel drug–target interactions from a constructed heterogeneous network, which integrates diverse drug-related information. DTINet focuses on learning a low-dimensional vector representation of features, which accurately explains the topological properties of individual nodes in the heterogeneous network, and then makes prediction based on these representations via a vector space projection scheme. DTINet achieves substantial performance improvement over other state-of-the-art methods for drug–target interaction prediction. Moreover, we experimentally validate the novel interactions between three drugs and the cyclooxygenase proteins predicted by DTINet, and demonstrate the new potential applications of these identified cyclooxygenase inhibitors in preventing inflammatory diseases. These results indicate that DTINet can provide a practically useful tool for integrating heterogeneous information to predict new drug–target interactions and repurpose existing drugs.
Hydrogen bonds to Au atoms in coordinated gold clusters
Authors: Bakar Md. Abu , Sugiuchi Mizuho , Iwasaki Mitsuhiro , Shichibu Yukatsu , Konishi Katsuaki
Published: September 2017

It is well known that various transition elements can form M···H hydrogen bonds. However, for gold, there has been limited decisive experimental evidence of such attractive interactions. Herein we demonstrate an example of spectroscopically identified hydrogen bonding interaction of C–H units to Au atoms in divalent hexagold clusters ([Au6]2+) decorated by diphosphine ligands. X-ray crystallography reveals substantially short Au–H/Au–C distances to indicate the presence of attractive interactions involving unfunctionalized C–H moieties. Solution 1H and 13C NMR signals of the C–H units appear at considerably downfield regions, indicating the hydrogen-bond character of the interactions. The Au···H interactions are critically involved in the ligand-cluster interactions to affect the stability of the cluster framework. This work demonstrates the uniqueness and potential of partially oxidised Au cluster moieties to participate in non-covalent interaction with various organic functionalities, which would expand the scope of gold clusters.
Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Induce Autophagy-associated Cell Death in Lung Cancer through miR-486-mediated Inhibition of Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xu Yujun , Wang Yizhong , Yao Anran , Xu Zhen , Dou Huan , Shen Sunan , Hou Yayi , Wang Tingting
Published: September 2017

Low frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs) can affect cell proliferation in a cell-type and intensity-dependent way. Previous study has reported the anti-tumor effect of LF-MFs in lung cancers. Our previous study also optimized the intensity and duration of LF-MFs to effectively inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells. However, the anti-tumor mechanism of LF-MFs remains unclear, which limit the clinical application of LF-MFs in anti-tumor therapy. Here, in a well-established Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) mouse model, we found that LF-MFs inhibit tumor growth and induce an autophagic cell death in lung cancer. We also found that LF-MFs could up-regulate the expression level of miR-486, which was involved in LF-MFs activated cell autophagy. Furthermore, we found B-cell adaptor for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (BCAP) is a direct target of miR-486. miR-486 inhibit AKT/mTOR signaling through inhibiting expression of BCAP. Moreover, a decreased expression of miR-486 and an increased expression of BCAP were found in tumor tissues of lung cancer patients. Taken together, this study proved that LF-MFs can inhibit lung cancers through miR-486 induced autophagic cell death, which suggest a clinical application of LF-MFs in cancer treatment.
The common variants implicated in microstructural abnormality of first episode and drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Ren H. Y. , Wang Q. , Lei W. , Zhang C. C. , Li Y. F. , Li X. J. , Li M. L. , Deng W. , Huang C. H. , Du F. , Zhao L. S. , Wang Y. C. , Ma X. H. , Hu X. , Li T.
Published: September 2017

Both post-mortem and neuroimaging studies have identified abnormal white matter (WM) microstructure in patients with schizophrenia. However, its genetic underpinnings and relevant biological pathways remain unclear. In order to unravel the genes and the pathways associated with abnormal WM microstructure in schizophrenia, we recruited 100 first-episode, drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia and 140 matched healthy controls to conduct genome-wide association analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) value measured using diffusing tensor imaging (DTI), followed by multivariate association study and pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed that one intergenic SNP (rs11901793), which is 20 kb upstream of CXCR7 gene on chromosome 2, was associated with the total mean FA values with genome-wide significance (p = 4.37 × 10−8), and multivariate association analysis identified a strong association between one region-specific SNP (rs10509852), 400 kb upstream of SORCS1 gene on chromosome 10, and the global trait of abnormal WM microstructure (p = 1.89 × 10−7). Furthermore, one pathway that is involved in cell cycle regulation, REACTOME_CHROMOSOME _MAINTENANCE, was significantly enriched by the genes that were identified in our study (p = 1.54 × 10−17). In summary, our study provides suggestive evidence that abnormal WM microstructure in schizophrenia is associated with genes that are likely involved in diverse biological signals and cell-cycle regulation although further replication in a larger independent sample is needed.
How do the hierarchical levels of premises affect category-based induction: diverging effects from the P300 and N400
Authors: Lei Yi , Liang Xiuling , Lin Chongde
Published: September 2017

Although a number of studies have explored the time course of category-based induction, little is known about how the hierarchical levels (superordinate, basic, subordinate) of premises affect category-based induction. The EEG data were recorded when nineteen healthy human participants were performing a simplified category-based induction task. The ERP results showed that: in the subordinate conclusion condition, the basic premise elicited a larger N400, versus the superordinate promise; in the basic conclusion condition, the superordinate promise elicited a larger P300 relative to both the basic premise and subordinate premise; in the superordinate conclusion condition, however, no difference was found between different promise. Furthermore, the process that reasoning from a higher level to a lower level evoked a larger P300, compared to it did in the reverse direction. The divergent evidence suggested that category-based induction at superordinate, basic, and subordinate levels might be affected by various factors, such as abstract level, direction, and distance between premise and conclusion, which yielded new insights into the neural underpinnings of category-based induction with different inductive strengths.
Command Electro-Optical Switching of Photoaligned Liquid Crystal on Photopatterned Graphene
Authors: Varanytsia Andrii , Chien Liang-Chy
Published: September 2017

We report command electro-optical switching on photolithographically-patterned graphene into a high-density electrode pattern for a high-transmission in-plane-switching (IPS) liquid crystal device. A highly-effective liquid crystal photoalignment method is used to maximize the field-driven optical contrast of a prototyped device. A non-contact and low-temperature photoalignment allows delicate surface treatment required for successful processing of graphene layer into an IPS electrode structure. Electro-optic performance of the graphene-based single pixel laboratory IPS prototype demonstrates the application potential of graphene for liquid crystal electro-optic devices with complex and high-definition electrode patterns.
Live-bearing without placenta: Physical estimation indicates the high oxygen-supplying ability of white shark uterus to the embryo
Authors: Tomita Taketeru , Nozu Ryo , Nakamura Masaru , Matsuzaki Shohei , Miyamoto Kei , Sato Keiichi
Published: September 2017

One of the mysteries of shark aplacental viviparity is the ability of the embryos to acquire oxygen from their mothers without a placental connection. It has been assumed that embryonic respiration in aplacental viviparous shark depends on oxygen from the uterine wall, although this hypothesis has not been confirmed quantitatively. Morphological observations of the uterine wall of white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) provided the first quantitative evidence to support the ability of the uterus to supply ample oxygen to the embryo of viviparous elasmobranchs. The uterine surface of the white shark is characterized by (1) uterine lamellae that develop perpendicular to the uterine wall, (2) uterine lamellae folded in an accordion-like fashion, and (3) numerous micro-ridges on the lamellar surface. These modifications result in increased uterine surface are to up to 56 folds compared to the uterus with a smooth surface. Histological observations revealed that the diffusion barrier of the uterine wall is approximately 12 µm. By using these values, the oxygen-diffusion capacity of 1 cm2of the uterine wall of white shark was estimated to be 63.6 nmol·min−1·torr−1. This value is 250–400 times greater than that observed in other aplacental viviparous sharks (Squalusspp.) and is comparable with that of fish gills.
Investigation of a spontaneous mutant reveals novel features of iron uptake in Shewanella oneidensis
Authors: Dong Ziyang , Guo Shupan , Fu Huihui , Gao Haichun
Published: September 2017

Shewanella oneidensisis among the first and the best studied bacteria capable of respiring minerals as terminal electron acceptors (EAs), including a variety of iron ores. This respiration process relies on a large number ofc-type cytochromes, whichper seare iron-containing proteins. Thus, iron plays an essential and special role in iron respiration ofS. oneidensis, prompting extensive investigations into iron physiology. Despite this, we still know surprisingly little about the components and characteristics of iron transport in this bacterium. Here, we report that TonB-dependent receptor PutA (SO_3033) is specific to the siderophore-mediated iron uptake. Although homologs of PutA are abundant, none of them can function as a replacement. In the absence of PutA,S. oneidensissuffers from an iron shortage, which leads to a severe defect in production of cytochromec. However, proteins requiring other types of cytochromes, such asbandd, do not appear to be significantly impacted. Intriguingly, lactate, but not other carbon sources that are routinely used to support growth, is able to promote iron uptake when PutA is missing. We further show that the lactate-mediated iron import is independent of lactate permeases. Overall, our results suggest that inS. oneidensisthe siderophore-dependent pathway plays a key role in iron uptake when iron is limited, but many alternative routes exist.
Large-scale Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Potential Biomarkers for Early Stage Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Gao Xueqin , Ke Chaofu , Liu Haixia , Liu Wei , Li Kang , Yu Bo , Sun Meng
Published: September 2017

Coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) is the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease, which is a prevalent and chronic life-threatening disease. Initially, this disease is not always detected until a patient presents with seriously vascular occlusion. Therefore, new biomarkers for appropriate and timely diagnosis of early CAS is needed for screening to initiate therapy on time. In this study, we used an untargeted metabolomics approach to identify potential biomarkers that could enable highly sensitive and specific CAS detection. Score plots from partial least-squares discriminant analysis clearly separated early-stage CAS patients from controls. Meanwhile, the levels of 24 metabolites increased greatly and those of 18 metabolites decreased markedly in early CAS patients compared with the controls, which suggested significant metabolic dysfunction in phospholipid, sphingolipid, and fatty acid metabolism in the patients. Furthermore, binary logistic regression showed that nine metabolites could be used as a combinatorial biomarker to distinguish early-stage CAS patients from controls. The panel of nine metabolites was then tested with an independent cohort of samples, which also yielded satisfactory diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.890). In conclusion, our findings provide insight into the pathological mechanism of early-stage CAS and also supply a combinatorial biomarker to aid clinical diagnosis of early-stage CAS.
Underwater recordings of the whistles of bottlenose dolphins in Fremantle Inner Harbour, Western Australia
Authors: Marley Sarah A. , Erbe Christine , Kent Chandra P. Salgado
Published: September 2017

Dolphins use frequency-modulated whistles for a variety of social functions. Whistles vary in their characteristics according to context, such as activity state, group size, group composition, geographic location, and ambient noise levels. Therefore, comparison of whistle characteristics can be used to address numerous research questions regarding dolphin populations and behaviour. However, logistical and economic constraints on dolphin research have resulted in data collection biases, inconsistent analytical approaches, and knowledge gaps. This Data Descriptor presents an acoustic dataset of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) whistles recorded in the Fremantle Inner Harbour, Western Australia. Data were collected using an autonomous recorder and analysed using a range of acoustic measurements. Acoustic data review identified 336 whistles, which were subsequently measured for six key characteristics using Raven Pro software. Of these, 164 ‘high-quality’ whistles were manually measured to provide an additional five acoustic characteristics. Digital files of individual whistles and corresponding measurements make this dataset available to researchers to address future questions regarding variations within and between dolphin communities.
Mathematical models of cytotoxic effects in endpoint tumor cell line assays: critical assessment of the application of a single parametric value as a standard criterion to quantify the dose–response effects and new unexplored proposal formats
Authors: Calhelha Ricardo C. , Martínez Mireia A. , Prieto M. A. , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R.
Published: September 2017

We develop a convenient tool for describing and quantifying the effects of standard and novel therapeutic anti-tumour agents.
Precision gas therapy using intelligent nanomedicine
Authors: He Qianjun
Published: September 2017

A new concept of precision gas therapy via a nanomedicine strategy and future expandable research into gas therapy are proposed.
Lipid radicals cause light-induced retinal degeneration
Authors: Enoki Masataka , Shinto Saki , Matsuoka Yuta , Otsuka Ayasa , Kaidzu Sachiko , Tanito Masaki , Shibata Takahiro , Uchida Koji , Ohira Akihiro , Yamato Mayumi , Yamada Ken-ichi
Published: September 2017

We have succeeded in detecting and scavenging lipid radicals in the retina of light induced AMD mice model.
A new Pu(iii) coordination geometry in (C5H5NBr)2[PuCl3(H2O)5]·2Cl·2H2O as obtained via supramolecular assembly in aqueous, high chloride media
Authors: Surbella Robert G. , Ducati Lucas C. , Pellegrini Kristi L. , McNamara Bruce K. , Autschbach Jochen , Schwantes Jon M. , Cahill Christopher L.
Published: September 2017

A novel hydrated Pu(iii) chloride, (C5H5NBr)2[PuCl3(H2O)5]·Cl·2H2O, is prepared from aqueous media and the non-covalent interaction pairings are rationalized using electrostatic potentials.
Facile preparation and dehydrogenation of unsolvated KB3H8
Authors: Zheng Xiongfei , Yang Yanjing , Zhao Fengqi , Fang Fang , Guo Yanhui
Published: September 2017

A convenient route was developed to produce unsolvated KB3H8. This compound can release hydrogen and minor boranes by subsequent cleavage of its B–H and B–H–B bonds in the 150–250 °C temperature range. And pure K2B12H12 can be prepared through KB3H8 pyrolysis, which is an optional approach to produce dodecaborate compounds.
Intensely luminescent gold(i) phosphinopyridyl clusters: visualization of unsupported aurophilic interactions in solution
Authors: Lei Zhen , Zhang Jin-Yuan , Guan Zong-Jie , Wang Quan-Ming
Published: September 2017

Green emissive [Au9(PNC)6](BF4)3 can be converted to orange emissive [Au11(PNC)6(PPh3)2](BF4)5 showing the presence of unsupported AuI–AuI interactions in solution.
The magnetic and adsorption properties of ZnO1−xSx nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Huiyun , Liu Guixian , Cao Yanqiang , Chen Jing , Shen Kai , Kumar Ashwini , Xu Mingxiang , Li Qi , Xu Qingyu
Published: September 2017

RhB can be easily adsorbed by the ferromagnetic S-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by solution-combustion method.
Temperature dependence of the conversion efficiency of photochromic perylene bisimide dithienylcyclopentene triads embedded in a polymer
Authors: Thurn Johann , Maier Johannes , Pärs Martti , Gräf Katja , Thelakkat Mukundan , Köhler Jürgen
Published: September 2017

Herein, we demonstrate photochromic switching from 5 K to 300 K.
Deformation of water nano-droplets on graphene under the influence of constant and alternative electric fields
Authors: Kargar M. , Lohrasebi A.
Published: September 2017

Influence of constant and oscillating electric fields on the dynamics of a water nano-droplet on graphene.
Confined phase separation of aqueous–organic nanodroplets
Authors: Hrahsheh Fawaz , Sani Wudil Yakubu , Wilemski Gerald
Published: September 2017

A new structure for water–alcohol nanodroplets consists of coexisting phase-separated regions resembling water-rich and butanol-rich bulk phases.
Magnetic two-dimensional C3N2 carbonitrides: semiconductors, metals and half-metals
Authors: Mpoutas Dimitrios , Tsetseris Leonidas
Published: September 2017

Using density-functional theory (DFT) calculations we probe the spin polarization of functionalized two-dimensional (2D) phthalo-carbonitrides (pc-C3N2), i.e., 2D polymers of tetra-cyanoethylene.
Structural transition in metal-centered boron clusters: from tubular molecular rotors Ta@B21and Ta@B22+to cage-like endohedral metalloborospherene Ta@B22−
Authors: Li Hai-Ru , Liu Hui , Tian Xin-Xin , Zan Wen-Yan , Mu Yue-Wen , Lu Hai-Gang , Li Jun , Wang Yue-Kui , Li Si-Dian
Published: September 2017

Extensive first-principles theory investigations unveil a tubular-to-cage-like structural transition in metal-centered boron clusters at (±)-D2Ta@B22−, the smallest axially chiral endohedral metalloborospherenes.
Applications of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in the analysis of nanoparticles in the environment
Authors: Guo Huiyuan , He Lili , Xing Baoshan
Published: September 2017

SERS is a robust and versatile tool for monitoring NPs and their behavior in the environment.
Adenine radicals generated in alternating AT duplexes by direct absorption of low-energy UV radiation
Authors: Banyasz Akos , Ketola Tiia , Martínez-Fernández Lara , Improta Roberto , Markovitsi Dimitra
Published: September 2017

The absorption of single photons at 266 nm by alternating adenine–thymine duplexes generates, with similar probabilities, both adenine radicals and adenine–thymine photoadducts.
Visible light-induced C–H sulfenylation using sulfinic acids
Authors: Sun Pengfei , Yang Daoshan , Wei Wei , Jiang Min , Wang Zuli , Zhang Liyan , Zhang Hui , Zhang Zhenzhen , Wang Yu , Wang Hua
Published: September 2017

The direct use of sulfinic acids as an odorless sulfur source to construct hetroaryl sulfides through a photoredox process has been realized at room temperature for the first time.
A new, low impact and efficient synthesis of ω-nitro esters under solid heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Chiurchiù Elena , Gabrielli Serena , Ballini Roberto , Palmieri Alessandro
Published: September 2017

Herein, we report a new, efficient and sustainable synthetic protocol for the preparation of ω-nitro esters starting from cyclic 2-nitro ketones.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Towards a personalized approach to aromatase inhibitor therapy: a digital microfluidic platform for rapid analysis of estradiol in core-needle-biopsies”’ by P. E. Lønning, Lab Chip, 2017, 17, DOI: 10.1039/C7LC00617A
Authors: Casper Robert F. , Wheeler Aaron R.
Published: September 2017

This article provides our response to a comment on our article that appeared in Lab on a Chip.
Color-tunable entangled coordination polymers based on long flexible bis(imidazole) ligands and phenylenediacetate
Authors: Zhang Mei-Li , Wang Ji-Jiang , Ma Zhen-Zhen , Qiao Lei
Published: September 2017

Color-tunable coordination polymers with various types of entanglement have been synthesized from flexible phenylenediacetic acid and bis(imidazole) ligands.
Highly efficient approach for hypochlorous acid sensing in water samples and living cells based on acylhydrazone Schiff base functionalized fluorescent probes
Authors: Yang Zheng , He Yuanlong , Liu Xiangrong , Zhao Shunsheng , Yang Zaiwen , Yang Shuilan
Published: September 2017

Five HClO probes were present with high selectivity and sensitivity. The properties and mechanism were investigated both experimentally and theoretically.
Visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi) on magnetite/carboxylate-rich carbon sheets
Authors: Luo Zhijun , Wang Jing , Qu Lingling , Jia Jianzhong , Jiang Suying , Zhou Xiangtong , Wu Xiangyang , Wu Zhiren
Published: September 2017

The Fe(ii)/Fe(iii) photoredox cycle of Fe3O4/carboxylate-rich carbon sheets exhibits excellent visible-light-driven photoreduction activities of Cr(vi).
Site-dependent electrochemical performance of Na and K co-doped LiFePO4/C cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Madram Ali Reza , Faraji Mahbubeh
Published: September 2017

In this study, Na and K co-doped LiFePO4/C samples with controlled Na and K sites, i.e., the Li1−x−yNaxKyFePO4/C and LiFe1−x−yNaxKyPO4/C (x = 0.02, y = 0.01) have been first synthesized via a common solid-state synthesis and the effects of the alien metal occupied site on the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C are studied.
MFG-E8 protein promotes C2C12myogenic differentiation by enhancing PI3K/Akt signaling
Authors: Li He , Ma Ying , Xu Weili , Chen Haoran , Day Li
Published: September 2017

The effect of MFG-E8 on C2C12cell differentiation was analysed by immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot.
Synthesis, crystal structures, molecular docking and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of two new copper(ii) complexes: special emphasis on their binding to HSA
Authors: Shen Fang , Liu Ya-Xian , Li Shu-Min , Jiang Chi-Kun , Wang Bing-Feng , Xiong Ya-Hong , Mao Zong-Wan , Le Xue-Yi
Published: September 2017

Two new copper(ii) complexes bound efficiently to Sudlow's site I of HSA, and exhibited prominent cytotoxicity against Eca-109 through the apoptosis pathway.
A green and efficient method for the synthesis of pyrroles using a deep eutectic solvent ([CholineCl][ZnCl2]3) under solvent-free sonication
Authors: Truong Nguyen Hai , Nguyen Chau Duy-Khiem , Tran Phuong Hoang
Published: September 2017

A green and efficient method for Paal–Knorr pyrrole synthesis has been developed under mild conditions.
Acridone in a biological nanocavity: detailed spectroscopic and docking analyses of probing both the tryptophan residues of bovine serum albumin
Authors: Chakraborty Brotati , Sengupta Chaitrali , Pal Uttam , Basu Samita
Published: September 2017

AD initially gets hooked to Trp 212 housed in domain IIA, inducing conformational changes in the protein and paving the way for the ligand to reach Trp 134 located in domain IB.
Synthesis and photo-/electro-catalytic properties of Keggin polyoxometalate inorganic–organic hybrid layers based on d10 metal and rigid benzo-diazole/-triazole ligands
Authors: Cao Yue , Lv Jinghua , Yu Kai , Wang Chun-mei , Su Zhan-hua , Wang Lu , Zhou Bai-bin
Published: September 2017

Unusual hepta- and nona-nuclear copper/silver complexes were introduced into different Keggin cluster leading to 2-D hybrid layers, which exhibit merit photo- and electro-catalytic properties.
Synthesis of compositionally tunable, hollow mixed metal sulphide CoxNiySz octahedral nanocages and their composition-dependent electrocatalytic activities for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Kim Jun , Jin Haneul , Oh Aram , Baik Hionsuck , Joo Sang Hoon , Lee Kwangyeol
Published: September 2017

We report a facile synthetic route to a series of compositionally tunable, hollow mixed metal sulphide CoxNiySz octahedral nanocages using CoO octahedra as a template.
All-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors based on Fe-doped mesoporous Co3O4and three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide electrodes with high energy and power densities
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wei Jun , Chen Leiyi , Tang Shaolong , Deng Mingsen , Du Youwei
Published: September 2017

A novel all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor with high energy and power densities has been fabricated.
Approximate error considered fuzzy proportional–integral control of DFIG with regional pole placement for FRT improvement
Authors: Li Xiao‐Ming , Su Kai , Zhang Xiu‐Yu , Wu Ying‐Jie , Lin Zhong‐Wei
Published: September 2017

A novel fuzzy proportional–integral (PI) control with fault ride‐through (FRT) capability is investigated for double fed induction generators (DFIGs), where an approximation error considered Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy observer is employed to approximate the non‐linear model of DFIG. Based on the obtained observer, a H2 controller with PI structure is used to achieve specified engineering purposes, such as maximum power point tracking and automatic voltage regulator. A H∞ controller is proposed to cope with the undetected disturbances in the H2 control, and a robust technique is also proposed to override the effect of approximation error due to the fuzzy approximation. Then, the controller design is formulated as a mixed H2/H∞ suboptimisation problem with the regional pole placement constrain, which can be solved easily by using linear matrix inequality technology. In order to further improve the FRT capability, a power angle compensator is proposed to reduce terminal voltage drop via limiting DFIG power angle jump during faults. The results of dominant eigenvalue analysis and simulation are presented and discussed, which shows the capabilities of DFIG with the proposed control strategy to improve system damping, fault‐tolerant control and FRT, and its contribution on power system transient stability support.
Advanced frequency support strategy of photovoltaic system considering changing working conditions
Authors: Lyu Xue , Xu Zhao , Zhao Jian , Wong Kit Po
Published: September 2017

A novel system frequency support strategy is proposed for the two‐stage three phase photovoltaic generation system, which involves simultaneously utilising a direct current (DC)‐link capacitor and deloading generation output. When frequency variation is detected, the energy stored in an inverter DC‐link capacitor is utilised to enable virtual inertia characteristic for system frequency support. At the same time, a deloading control strategy is also activated to provide system frequency support based on reserved generation beforehand. To address impacts due to the changing working conditions with respect to irradiance and ambient temperature, a variable droop scheme is designed for dynamically adjusting the frequency regulation ability based on deloading. Case studies using a microgrid system embedded with a solar and diesel generator are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Filtering patch antenna on λ/4‐resonator filtering topology: synthesis design and implementation
Authors: Wu Qiongsen , Zhu Lei , Zhang Xiao
Published: September 2017

In this study, a novel filtering patch antenna (FPA) based on quarter‐wavelength or λ/4‐resonator filtering topology is presented, and its frequency response is efficiently synthesised to achieve the prescribed higher‐order frequency selectivity. As the resonant patch radiator is capacitively fed by two inductively coupled λ/4 resonators, three transmission poles are created in the operating band to demonstrate the third‐order bandpass filtering property. In design, two adjacent λ/4 resonators are coupled via a shorting pin as the K inverter, while one of them is coupled with the resonant patch via coupled line as the J inverter. As their equivalent parameters are numerically de‐embedded, the overall equivalent filtering network of this proposed FPA is constituted and synthesised with the Chebyshev‐function filtering response. Next, the relationship between the realisable fractional bandwidth and in‐band return loss is thoroughly investigated for a patch radiator with its constant unloaded quality factor. Finally, a prototype FPA at 4.0 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured and simulated results are found in good agreement with each other, demonstrating a few attractive features of the proposed FPA, inclusive of wide operating bandwidth, sharp filtering selectivity, and flat radiation gain, as benefited by the three in‐band poles.
Monte Carlo modelling of percolation and conductivity in carbon filled polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Vas Joseph Vimal , Joy Thomas M.
Published: September 2017

Conducting polymer composites are attractive alternatives for applications such as electromagnetic shielding in which metals are conventionally used. They have unique advantages like light weight, ease of processing and good strength to weight ratio. This makes them economically viable especially in industries like avionics where weight is an important criterion. However, a major challenge in using conducting polymer composites in many of the applications is its limited conductivity. Even though many models exist to describe the conductivity of the composites at the macro level taking into account the interparticle conductivity, very few studies are conducted to understand the conductivity of the composites directly from basic principles. In this study, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are carried out to study the conductivity in such composites. The results obtained using the MC model showed good agreement with the Mamunya model and the experimental measurements. The effect of various parameters like filler diameter and filler conductivity on the final composite conductivity is studied for spherical and fibrous carbon fillers in silicone rubber. The method can be easily adopted for any other filler–polymer combination and can also be used as a predictive tool for designing simple composites of required electrical properties.
Multiclass power quality events classification using variational mode decomposition with fast reduced kernel extreme learning machine‐based feature selection
Authors: Chakravorti Tatiana , Dash Pradipta Kishore
Published: September 2017

In this study, a modern adaptive signal processing technique called variational mode decomposition (VMD) has been used for power quality (PQ) events detection. Numerous single, as well as multiple PQ events, are simulated according to IEEE std. 1159‐2009 and laboratory experimental signals are collected and passed through the VMD algorithm. VMD decomposes the signal into different modes and from these modes, different features have been extracted. To reduce the dimension of the feature set Fischer linear discriminant analysis (FDA) has been used. As a new contribution to the literature, VMD aided FDA‐based feature selection with reduced kernel extreme learning machine technique has been used for detection and classification of multiple PQ disturbances. The performance of the proposed combined technique shows higher classification accuracy while classifying multiple PQ disturbances and the results are comparable with many existing methods.
Bang-bang control of a thermostat with nonconstant cooling power
Authors: Timoshin Sergey A.
Published: September 2017

A control system describing the dynamic behavior of a car thermostat is considered. The cooling power of the car’s radiator is allowed to depend on the ambient temperature. This physically natural assumption presents some challenges to mathematical investigation of the model. The existence and some properties of solutions of the control system are established.
Synthesis of Novel Iminosugar Derivatives Based on a 2-Azabi­cyclo[4.1.0]heptane Skeleton
Authors: López-Rodríguez Alberto , Domínguez Gema , Pérez-Castells Javier
Published: September 2017

Iminosugars are good starting points for the development of different kinds of drugs. Many are polyhydroxylated piperidines that behave as biomimetics of their corresponding pyranoses analogues. In the interaction with carbohydrate processing enzymes, selectivity is a crucial issue and the benefits of introducing a cyclopropane bridge in a piperidine structure is demonstrated. The synthesis of novel bicyclic piperidine-based iminosugars using a sulfur ylide cyclopropanation as the key synthetic step is described.
Trichloroisocyanuric Acid as an Efficient Reagent for the Synthesis of Phosphoroamidates via Atherton–Todd Reaction under Base-Free Conditions
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Donyavi Atousa , Kazemi Foad
Published: September 2017

A simple, efficient, and novel method is developed for the synthesis of phosphoroamidates via an Atherton–Todd coupling reaction of amines with dialkyl H-phosphite using trichloroisocyanuric acid as an efficient and safe reagent. Treatment of amines with dialkyl H-phosphite and trichloroisocyanuric acid under base-free conditions gives phosphoroamidates in moderate to good yields. The reaction proceeded effectively to afford the corresponding phosphoroamidates via a dehydrogenative coupling of H-phosphonates with amines. This method is easy, rapid, and good-yielding for the synthesis of phosphoroamidates.
How Does Information Spread on Social Media Lead to Effective Change?
Authors: Varghese Thomas
Published: September 2017

Social media encompasses computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks. The key, of course, is the ability and willingness for information to be shared. But why does some information spread on social media and not others? What factors translate social media awareness to action? In this article, we explore these themes using case studies, as well as tips on how you can utilize social media to effectively champion a cause.
Social Media: Changing the Paradigm for Surgical Education
Authors: Petrucci Andrea , Chand Manish , Wexner Steven
Published: September 2017

The role of social media (SoMe) in surgical education is emerging as a tool that augments and complements traditional learning. As SoMe usage has steadily increased in our personal and professional lives, it is no surprise that it has permeated into surgical education. Different SoMe sites offer distinct platforms from which knowledge can be transmitted, while catering to various learning styles. The purpose of this review is to outline the various SoMe platforms and their use in surgical education. Moreover, it will discuss their effectiveness in teaching and learning surgical knowledge and skills as well as other potential roles SoMe has to offer to improve surgical education.
Changing the Rules of the Game: How Do We Measure Success in Social Media?
Authors: Hogan Aisling , Winter Desmond
Published: September 2017

Ours will be the generation proud to say we shifted the sands of educational deserts by open access and proliferation, seeding of data sharing, and watering grassroots research in resource-compromised environments. Universal “social” media is defining features of modern professional life that provide powerful modes of knowledge acquisition/sharing to that end. Altmetric and other measurements stratify academic communications according to this alternate, online media presence (not academic penetrance). Are they meaningless, self-absorbed integers, or reliable yardsticks of scientific and educational prowess? Far beyond this trite, patronizing question from the minds of outdated, terrified technophobes, the real impact of “social” media is not narcissistic solipsism. Instant dissemination of contemporary surgical controversies on a truly global level drives improved (or at least reflective) health care for all. While a numerical assignment of value according to views, “likes,” impressions, or “retweets” may seem meaningless to cynical, established academics, the impetus for universal improvement is self-evident. Electronic data and opinion sharing may not balance the inequity between low- and high-income countries, but it keeps it in perspective. The best way to shift desert sands is to blow on them constantly.
Vascular Anomalies Caused by Abnormal Signaling within Endothelial Cells: Targets for Novel Therapies
Authors: Nguyen Ha-Long , Boon Laurence , Vikkula Miikka
Published: September 2017

Vascular anomalies arise as a consequence of improper development and maintenance of the vasculature. Our knowledge on the pathophysiological bases of vascular anomalies has skyrocketed during the past 5 years. It is becoming clear that common intracellular signaling pathways are often activated by mutations, causing endothelial cell dysfunction. These mutations cause hyperactivation of two major intracellular signaling pathways that may be controlled by inhibitors developed for cancer treatment. Although we do not know yet all the downstream effects, it has become evident that normalization of the abnormal signaling is an interesting target for therapy. This is a major paradigm change, as developmental malformations were considered to be inert to any molecular treatment.
Percutaneous Image-Guided Cryoablation in Vascular Anomalies
Authors: Shaikh Raja
Published: September 2017

Understanding and management of vascular anomalies has always been intriguing. These disorders exhibit an expected pattern of clinical presentation and progression, and characteristic imaging findings. Significant progress in understanding and treating patients with vascular anomalies has been made in the past quarter century. Newer multidisciplinary domains for treating these disorders with medical drugs and less invasive image-guided or surgical procedures are constantly evolving. Vascular anomalies can exhibit aggressive tumor-like behavior resulting in recurrence or persistent symptoms after treatment. Thermal ablation has been widely used in tumor treatment. This has generated interest on using thermal ablation for treating vascular anomalies. Percutaneous image-guided cryoablation is increasingly used for this purpose as compared with other ablation technologies. Availability of small caliber cryoprobes and the ability to monitor the freeze zone in real time have made this an attractive option to interventional radiologists. These experiences are relatively new and limited. It is helpful to understand the emerging role of this technology in the treatment of vascular anomalies.
Applicability of Evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses with Complex Stimuli in Adults with Hearing Loss
Authors: Peixe Bruna , Silva Débora , Biaggio Eliara , Bruno Rúbia , Sanguebuche Taissane , Garcia Michele
Published: September 2017

Introduction The use of the speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) shows how the brainstem operates up to the subcortex in a more complex manner than when the click-evoked ABR is used.

Objective To study the applicability of the speech-evoked ABR in adults with hearing loss.

Methods The sample was composed of a study group of 11 subjects, with ages ranging between 18 and 59 years, and auditory thresholds within normal standards, with loss of up to 65 dB at high frequencies or up to moderately severe symmetric sensorineural hearing loss. The sample underwent a basic audiological assessment, as well as speech-evoked ABR and click-evoked ABR, in which waves I, III and V, and V, A, C, D, E, F were respectively marked. The electrophysiological assessments were performed using the SmartEP device (Intelligent Hearing Systems, Miami, FL, US).

Results For the speech-evoked ABR, the reference values were used in the identification and analysis of the study group. Those values found for the study group were: V = 8.56; A = 10.97; C = 21.33; D = 29.51; E = 37.93; F = 46.96; and O = 55.97. In the comparison between groups, the study group presented an increase in latency only in wave C.

Conclusion The speech-evoked ABR can be performed in subjects with up to moderately severe hearing loss, and the test proved to be appropriate, because, unlike the click-evoked ABR, the former does not suffer influence of peripheral hearing loss.
Special Consideration for Intraosseous Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Park Kwang , Do Young
Published: September 2017

Intraosseous arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have been associated with distortion, hypertrophy, osteolytic skeletal changes, bleeding, leg length discrepancy, and pathologic fracture. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in the evaluation of the extent and depth of intraosseous AVMs and associated soft-tissue AVMs. Treatment approaches can differ, depending on the angiographic classification. Embolotherapy with ethanol, coils, or n-butyl cyanoacrylate is the primary treatment for symptomatic intraosseous AVMs, and the goal of treatment is symptom improvement with few complications.
Serial Microbiota Analysis after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Child with Down's Syndrome
Authors: Meijer Lisethe , Vermont Clementien , Budding Andries , Mulder Chris , Meij Tim , Beurden Yvette
Published: September 2017

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a very effective treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults. However, there is a paucity of data on FMT in children and associated microbiome changes in this particular group. We describe a child with Down's syndrome and intracranial malignancy, who received FMT for recurrent CDI. Detailed microbiota analysis before and after FMT, and pre- and post-recurrence, linked to microbial communities in the donor feces showed that the patient developed a unique microbiota profile after FMT which was very stable over time despite CDI recurrence and subsequent fidaxomicin therapy. Bacteroidetes were stably acquired from donor feces, while Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Proteobacteria were unique to the patient. The diversity of microbiota of the patient increased from a Shannon diversity index of 2.08 pre-FMT to 3.12 post-FMT. Our findings underscore that patients with Down's syndrome may well tolerate and benefit from FMT even in a severely immunocompromised state.
Anatomic Variability of the Morphometric Parameters of the Fourth Ventricle of the Brain
Authors: Zhuravlova Iuliia , Kornieieva Maryna , Rodrigues Erik
Published: September 2017

Objectives The defining of the normal parameters of spacious relations and symmetry of the ventricular system of the brain depending on the gender and age is currently one of the topical research problems of clinical anatomy. The present research aims to identify the correlation between the morphometric parameters of the fourth ventricle of the brain and the shape of the skull in middle aged people.

Design This is a prospective cohort study.

Setting This study was set at the Trinity School of Medicine.

Participants A total of 118 normal computed tomography scans of the head of people aged from 21 to 86 years (mean age—48.6 years ± 17.57) were selected for the study.

Main Outcome Measures The anteroposterior, transverse diameters, and height of the fourth ventricle were measured and compared in dolichocranial, mesocranial, and brachycranial individuals.

Results The study has shown the presence of a statistically significant difference between morphometric parameters of the fourth ventricle of the brain in dolichocranial, mesocranial, and brachycranial individuals.

Conclusion The morphometric parameters of the fourth ventricle of the brain, such as height, anteroposterior, and transverse diameters, depend on the individual anatomic variability of the skull shape and gender.
Innovative Strategies for the Management of a Massive Neonatal Rhabdomyoma
Authors: Prabhu N. , Osifodunrin N. , Murphy D. , Butler S. , Hunter L.
Published: September 2017

Rhabdomyomas are histologically benign tumors known to be associated with tuberous sclerosis. The natural history predicts the majority of tumors to be asymptomatic and regress within the first year of life. We describe a neonate presenting on day 1 of life with cardiovascular collapse secondary to a massive rhabdomyoma. Surgical resection was excluded due to the extensive nature of the lesion and oral sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, was commenced to promote tumor regression. The patient developed intractable arrhythmias requiring extracorporeal life support during therapy.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in an Inveterate Femoral Neck Fracture in a Patient with Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis
Authors: Dagnino Augusto , Ursino Nicola , Ripamonti Carlo , Fiorentini Carlo , Scelsi Michele , D'Ambrosi Riccardo , Portinaro Nicola
Published: September 2017

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is an extremely rare disorder characterized by autonomic and sensory nerves malfunction with insensitivity to both deep and superficial painful stimuli, inability to sweat and produce tears, and mild to moderate mental retardation with self-mutilating behavior. Related consequences of inveterate musculoskeletal injuries represent a major issue for these patients, since pain cannot act as a protection mechanism. For the same reason, the patients are at risk during postoperative rehabilitation, which should be taken into account when selecting an orthopaedic implant. To our knowledge, only one case of total hip arthroplasty has been reported in the literature to date. A 21-year-old Caucasian male patient affected with CIPA arrived at our attention complaining about a functional limitation of the left hip. No history of trauma was reported. The X-rays showed an inveterate femoral neck fracture with a severe necrosis and resorption of the femoral head. We decided to perform a total hip arthroplasty with a cemented stem and a cemented dual mobility cup. The postoperative course and rehabilitation were satisfactory, with excellent clinical results, measured with the Harris Hip Score at 1 year.