bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Viruses Besides the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Jessica Das Senjuti  , Abrar Hamim Fayz  , Afia Ibnat Ava  , Priangka Bhattacharya Pingki  , Noor Rashed
Published: September 2021

The emergence of deadly viruses is one of the epitomes of major global health threats. Currently the world is going through the COVID-19 pandemic resulting in extreme morbidity and mortality, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Besides, SARS-CoV-2, recent global perturbation caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection, dengue caused by dengue virus (DENV), zika virus (ZIKV) infection, etc. are worth being noted. Although an array of research on the genome sequences within spatial geographical locations, infectious components, viral transmissibility and dynamics, treatment strategies using in silico model, animal/cell culture, and patient trials of these emerging viruses is being conducted, the human population is still at risk of being exposed to the emerging and re-emerging viral infections posing a most dreadful threat to the global public health. Besides the genomic characterization and the proteomic studies for drug repurposing or repositioning as well as the possible candidate vaccine development, the general awareness among the mass public about the preventive care against these emerging viruses is also an important concern. Lots of works have been reported on SARS-CoV-2 since its commencement on December 2019. Besides the elucidation of the respiratory viruses, present review briefly pointed on the viruses from Flaviviridae family, Paramyxoviridae family, Filoviridae family and Bunyaviridae family.
INFLUENCES OF PARENTS AND PEERS ON ADOLESCENT SMOKING INITIATION: FINDINGS FROM A LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN KOTA TINGGI DISTRICT, JOHOR, MALAYSIA
Authors: Hock Lim Kuang , Li Lim Hui , Mohd Ghazali Sumarni , Ling Cheong Yoon , Cheong Kee Chee , Heng Pei Pei  , Teh Chien Huey  , Tan Cia Vei  , Mohd Hazilas Mat Hashim  , Cheah Yong Kang  , Lim Jia Hui
Published: September 2021

Studies have shown that parents and peers are among the dominant factors that contribute to smoking initiation among non-smoking adolescents. The paucity of this information in Malaysia warrants a longitudinal study to determine the actual factors associated smoking initiation. The study aims to address the gaps in our knowledge on the factors that associated with smoking initiation among non-smoking school-going adolescents. We carried out a longitudinal study among non-smoking secondary school-going adolescents in Kota Tinggi district, Johor. A representative sample of 1682 was selected via multi-stage sampling and respondents were followed-up for a period of one year. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to collect data from the selected respondents and multivariable logistic regression was employed to determine the factors associated with smoking initiation among non-smoking school-going adolescents. Approximately 1 in 10 non-smoking school-going adolescents-initiated smoking at the end of follow-up. Having peers and a father who smokes were significantly associated with smoking in univariate analysis, similarly, a relationship was also observed in multivariable analysis between parents who smoked with smoking initiation after the effect of other independent variables were controlled (Adjusted relative risk: 1.81, 95% CI 1.06-2.95). The study revealed that parental influence was more dominant than peer influence with regard to smoking initiation. Therefore, intervention programmes should involve parents/guardians to enhance their chances of success and reduce the incidence of smoking among non-smoking school-going adolescents.
DOES CAFFEINE INTAKE INFLUENCE MENTAL HEALTH OF MEDICAL STUDENTS?
Authors: Md Isa Zaleha , Anuar Afraah Amani , Danial Azmi Amirul , Sanjeevaraj Tamil Selvan  , Hisham Noor Shafiqah , Yong Zi Qing
Published: September 2021

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) consumption among students is known to increase alertness and energy, as well as to alleviate stress. There has been an increase of caffeine consumption amongst young adults. Currently, there are no studies regarding caffeine consumption and its influence on mental health among Malaysians. We aimed to determine the relationship of caffeine consumption with depression, anxiety and stress among medical students. A cross sectional study was conducted among medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Data were collected via an online survey using two questionnaires, namely the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires on Caffeine Intake and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A total of 262 medical students completed the survey. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 9.2%, 16.8% and 1.1%, respectively. Majority of students (98.5%) consumed caffeine from coffee, tea, soft drinks, energy drinks and chocolate drinks/food. The median daily caffeine consumption among consumers was 67.98 (25th,75th percentile: 24.83, 139.71) mg/day. There was a significant association between race and anxiety (p=0.038) in which the Malay students had the highest prevalence (21.1%), followed by Indian (16.1%), other races (15.4%) and Chinese students (3.8%). Caffeine consumption did not influence mental health of medical students in this study. Anxiety is the most prominent mental health problem among them. We recommend a programme tailored to medical students in recognising symptoms of mental health problems so that early intervention can be carried out.
Influence of different preparation techniques on the composition and antioxidant action of curcumin and curcuminoids
Authors:   Universidade Paranaense, Marchi Juliana Pelissari , Livero Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis ,   Universidade Paranaense, Soare Andreia Assuncao ,   Universidade Paranaense, da Silva Glacy Jaqueline ,   Universidade Paranaense, Soares Ana Karina Vargas ,   Universidade Paranaense, Giarolo Camila Moreno ,   Universidade Paranaense, Jacomassi Ezilda ,   Universidade Paranaense, de Souza Lauro Mera ,   Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Bortolucci Wanessa de Campos ,   Universidade Paranaense, Gazim Zilda Cristiani ,   Universidade Paranaense, Campos Caio Franco de Araujo Almeida ,   University Center of Maringa, Goncalves Jose Eduardo ,   University Center of Maringa, Araujo Cintia de Souza Alferes ,   Universidade Paranaense, Wietzikoski Samantha ,   Universidade Paranaense, Lovato Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski ,   Universidade Paranaense
Published: September 2021

Epidemiological evidence indicates that plant antioxidants activity can treat or help to prevent the development of various diseases. One species with great potential as an antioxidant is Curcuma longa. However, different extraction techniques can influence isolated chemical compounds. This study investigated chemical composition and antioxidant activity of two rhizome extracts of C. longa: hydroethanolic, obtained by exhaustion (HECLex); and dried by a spray dryer (HECLsd). The phytochemical composition was evaluated by GC/MS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. Total phenolic compounds and soil analyses were performed. The main components of HECLex were ar-turmerone, γ-curcumene, α-turmerone, and β-sesquiphellandrene. The main components of HECLsd were 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 2,3-bis([trimethylsilyl]oxy)propyl ester, verrucarol, and 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether. HECLsd had significantly higher levels of phenolic compounds and higher antioxidant capacity compared with HECLex. In conclusion, processes of the preparation of C. longa rhizomes alter the chemical components and consequently their biological activity.
Anticarcinogenic activity of methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves is attributed to the presence of phenolics compounds and the activation of endogenous antioxidant system
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Zakaria Zainul Amiruddin , Kamsani Noorsyaza Eddrina ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Azizah Roro ,   Airlangga University, Sulistyorini Lilis ,   Airlangga University
Published: September 2021

Melastoma malabathricum (M. malabathricum) extracts have been reported to exert various pharmacological activities including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. The objective of the present study was to determine the anticarcinogenic activity of its methanol extract (MEMM) against the azoxymethane (AOM)-induced early colon carcinogenesis in rats. Rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n=6) namely normal control, negative control, and treatment (50, 250 or 500 mg/kg of MEMM) groups. Colon tissues were harvested for histopathological analysis and endogenous antioxidant system determination. MEMM was also subjected to HPLC analysis. Findings showed that MEMM significantly (p<0.05) reversed the AOM-induced carcinogenicity by: i) reducing the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in colon tissues, and; ii) enhancing the endogenous antioxidant activity (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase). Moreover, various phenolics has been identified in MEMM. In conclusion, MEMM exerts the in vivo anticarcinogenic activity via the activation of endogenous antioxidant system and synergistic action of phenolics.
Antibacterial potential of essential oils against planktonic and sessile cells of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrhea cases in swine
Authors:   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Bellaver Franciana Aparecida Volpato , Cunha Junior Anildo ,   Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Dal Bello Thais Carla ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Neis Ana Julia Longo ,   Universidade do Contestado, Troncarelli Marcella Zampoli ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Millezi Alessandra Farias ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense
Published: September 2021

Escherichia coli is a pathogen associated with infections in piglets in the post-weaning phase, its pathogenicity is related to the animal's susceptibility to bacterial enterotoxins. The objective of the present study was to determine the EOs activity against E. coli strain, in the form planktonic and sessile. Although the Disc-Diffusion tests to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, do not fully corroborate with the other analyzes of this study, it was noticed bacteria inhibition. The EOs were prepared at 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.0% for tests. The tested EOs were effective against E. coli planktonic cells (p<0.05). As for the sessile cells, the most significant result was inhibition and 100% sessile cells at the concentration of 1.0% of Cymbopogon citratus EO. Although there was resistance in some treatments, the tested EOs demonstrated inhibition capacity, constituting promising alternatives for the control of E. coli, especially of planktonic cells.
Comparative study of the antifungal activity of sequential extracts of Fuchsia lycioides against Candida sp.
Authors:   Universidad de Playa Ancha, Brito Marcela , Maturana Ana ,   Universidad de Valparaíso, Montenegro Ivan ,   Universidad de Valparaíso, Said Bastian ,   Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Morales Ana ,   Universidad de Playa Ancha, Calderon Valeska ,   Universidad de Playa Ancha, Flores Susana ,   Universidad de Playa Ancha, Martinez Manuel ,   Universidad de Playa Ancha, Madrid Alejandro ,   Universidad de Playa Ancha
Published: September 2021

The genus Fuchsia is generally used in herbal preparations to treat conditions caused by microorganisms. Based on the popular use of this type of plants, the objective of this study was to obtain sequential extracts of increasing polarity from the branches of Fuchsia lycioides by maceration at room temperature and by the Soxhlet method at 60ºC, to later evaluate the antifungal capacity of the extracts against different clinical isolates of the Candida genus. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited strong anti-fungal activity, selectively inhibiting C. albicans strains with MIC and CMF values of 10 and 15 µg/mL, respectively; comparable with the drug itraconazole®. The analysis of the extract by GC-MS showed a high concentration of terpenoids (mainly phytol) and phenylpropanoids (mainly cinnamic acid), possibly responsible for the antifungal activity of the ethyl acetate extract of F. lycioides.
A Note on Interior Bases of Semigroups
Authors: Panate Walunyaporn , Chatthong Wichapon , Nakkhasen Warud
Published: September 2021

The concept of two-sided bases of a semigroup S was introduced by Fabrici in 2009. In this paper, we introduce the concept of interior bases of a semigroup S which is based on the result of interior ideals generated by a nonempty subset of the semigroup S. Then, we study some results of a semigroup S containing interior bases and characterize when a nonempty subset of a semigroup S is an interior base of S
Mia Couto: representação e subalternidade, em Mulheres de cinza
Authors: Cruz Pereira José Paulo
Published: September 2021

A nossa leitura incide sobre: a) a representação da subalternidade em Mulheres de Cinza; b) as implicações de sentido do complexo processo de nomeação da voz narradora de Imani, transversal à trama ficcional dos três romances de As Areias do Imperador. Parte, com esse propósito, da ponderação do duplo sentido de «representação» em Can the Subaltern Speak?, de Gayatri Spivak, analisando: a) a forma como aí se alinham os pressupostos de O 18 do Brumário de Louis Bonaparte, de Karl Marx, e de A Questão Meridional, de Antonio Gramsci, na descrição do seu conceito de subalterno; b) a forma como, em Mulheres de Cinza, se projeta a sua configuração do subalterno como excluído. Fá-lo pondo a descoberto quer a instância do neutro, de que nos fala Maurice Blanchot – em L’entretien infinit... –, quer a da singularidade, tal como Spivak a desdobra em An Aesthetic Education in the Era of Globalization – lidos como investidos numa das fábulas com as quais Mia Couto os alegoriza.
No que toca à ama: a maternidade nas cartas entre D. Leonor de Portugal e o morgado de Mateus
Authors: Biguelini Elen
Published: September 2021

Durante o século XVIII existiu uma mulher, D. Leonor de Portugal (1722- c.1806), que cuidou da Casa de seu marido, morgado de Mateus (1722- 1798), +a carreira política e estada deste no Brasil. Por meio das cartas entre o casal, evidencia-se um cotidiano familiar e, em especial, a afinidade entre figura materna com seus filhos. A maternidade é, então, o tema deste texto, que analisa nas missivas desta senhora a relação feminina entre maternidade e poder. A relação entre a esposa do morgado e suas amas-de-leite, assim como o sentimento maternal e o cuidado para com a saúde e a educação de seus filhos são os temas centrais da análise, que está baseada na crítica literária feminista e na história das mulheres, bem como em autoras e autores que trataram da história da maternidade e do amor materno.
Reward Crowdfunding: Who to Attract at the Beginning of the Campaign? An Analysis in Terms of Revealed Networks of Preferences
Authors: Bouaiss Karima , Vigneron Ludovic
Published: September 2021

This research study combines the theoretical teachings of revealed preferences, signal theory and weak tie theory to better understand the dynamics at work at the beginning of a campaign and to explain its success. By identifying the revealed preferences of early backers through their common past contributions, we characterize as strong or weak the nature of the complex preference ties between them. We build networks of the contributions made by the individuals identified as early backers to 9,425 campaigns run on the Ulule platform between July 2010 and September 2014. The results of this study underline the importance of the presence of strong preference ties between early backers and other platform users for the success of campaigns. They also corroborate the theory of the strength of weak ties. Later in the campaign, the intervention of backers with less specific preferences, in the position of intermediaries, positively influences the future outcome by accelerating the fundraising speed at the beginning of the campaign.
Temporal Dynamics of Deinstitutionalization – The Case of Asbestos in France
Authors: Peton Hélène , Blanc Antoine
Published: September 2021

Through the controversial history of asbestos use in France, we study a long deinstitutionalization process marked by alternating phases of acceleration and deceleration. To understand these changes of pace, we reveal interactions over the long term between action profiles that differ in terms of the type of agency (strategic or pragmatic) and the resource mobilization process (leveraging, accumulation, or convening) involved. Analyzing a rich corpus of documentary data triangulated with interviews, we draw up a schema of the complex deinstitutionalization process concerning asbestos in France. We then set out four theoretical propositions about the temporal dynamics of deinstitutionalization: (1) defensive action essentially involves leveraging efforts that promote long phases and help to slow down the pace of deinstitutionalization; (2) disruptive action produces slow, incremental effects through marginal integration of changes into existing institutional schemas. The acceleration phase of deinstitutionalization is temporally bounded by the disruptive actors’ resources; (3) the acceleration and deceleration phases of deinstitutionalization hinge on the perception of urgency, which is a factor of instrumentalization for strategic actors; and (4) convening is a form of mobilization that significantly slows down the pace of deinstitutionalization.
Anti-inflammatory effects of nicotine
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Nefrologie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ene Corina-Daniela , Penescu Mircea ,   Spitalul Clinic de Nefrologie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Victor Babeş“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Nicolae Ilinca ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Victor Babeş“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ceauşu Emanoil ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Victor Babeş“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

A number of epidemiological and experimental data have shown that nicotine stimulates anti-inflammatory response in extraneuronal tissues, response mediated by homopentameric nicotinic receptors, 7nAChR- alpha. The receptors are located mainly on immune and inflammatory cells. These pharmacological mechanisms, through which inflammatory process could be adjusted is the use of selective nicotinic agonists and antagonists, called anti-inflammatory. Treatment with nicotine initiates a series of intracellular events associated with stimulation of several signaling pathways: NFkB, JAK/STAT, MyD88/TLRs, MAPKs/ERKs. Knowledge of anti-inflammatory mechanisms mediated by alpha7nAChR is useful for valuing the therapeutic potential of nicotine in regulating the inflammatory response in certain pathological processes.
Assessment of antimicrobian effect of certain lactic acid bacteria species
Authors:   Institutul de Economie Mondială, Bucureşti, Rusu Elena ,   Departamentul Preclinic, Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Cojocaru Manole ,   Departamentul Preclinic, Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Cristescu Cristina ,   Departamentul Preclinic, Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Avram Ionela ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea Bucureşti, Pelinescu Diana ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

At the gastrointestinal tract level there is a balance between microbiota and the digestive tract which has as effect differentiation of pathogenic bacteria commensal species. Lately, due to the development of new therapies and use of a wide spectrum antimicrobian compounds we can notice an increase in the number of opportunistic infections caused by potentially pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Lactic acid bacteria produce compounds with antimicrobian action, such as hydrogen peroxide, diacetyl, acetaldehyde, D-amino acids isomers, reutin and bacteriocines. The use of probiotics can represent a supplementary alternative for increasing and maintaining the well-being of the human body.
UPDATES IN ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY OF BILIARY TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors:   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Balahura Cristian ,   ”Floreasca” Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Iacob Calistru Petre ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,   “Dr. Victor Babes” Infectious and Tropical Diseases Hospital, Bucharest, Constantinescu Gabriel ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,   ”Floreasca” Emergency Hospital, Bucharest
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The management of biliary tract infections involves systemic antibiotherapy and a biliary drainage procedure. Current guidelines provide recommendations for empirical antimicrobial therapy in cholangitis but development of multi-drug resistant organisms can make many of these antibiotics ineffective. This study aimed to analyze the microbiology of bile and the susceptibility profiles of organisms identified in patients with extrahepatic cholestatis, with or without a previously placed biliary stent. Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective study including 136 patients with biliary obstruction who were endoscopically drained between June 2014 and March 2015 in Emergency Hospital “Floreasca”, Bucharest. One hundred and four of these patients had no biliary stent in situ (group 1). Thirty-two procedures were performed in patients with at least one biliary stent in place (group 2). Microbiological examination of bile aspirates was performed and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined for the isolated bacteria. Results. One hundred eighteen of 136 analyzed cultures were positive (81% in group 1 vs. 100% in group 2; p<0.05). In both groups, the most frequent pathogens were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp. The most effective antimicrobial agents against Gram-negative bacteria in group 1 and group 2 were imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam. Susceptibilities to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime and fluoroquinolones were significantly lower in group 2. Conclusion. This survey shows that Gram-negative bacteria are the predominant bile pathogens found in patients with cholestatis. Cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam or imipenem can be recommended in biliary infections. Cephalosporins and fluroquinolones should not be used as empirical therapy if a biliary stent is in place.
Subacute infective endocarditis with Streptococcus mutans on native valve
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti, Ciortea Diana-Andreea , Popescu Corneliu Petru ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti, Ene Laura ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti, Zaharia Mihaela ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti, Bumbu Aurelia ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti, Nica Maria ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Florescu Simin Aysel ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ceauşu Emanoil ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Dr. V. Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Infective endocarditis is a diagnostic challenge with a variety of clinical forms, acute or subacute onset and severe complications by septic embolism or manifestations of immune response with production of antigenantibody complexes. We present a 63-year-old adult case, diagnosed with chronic renal failure, a month before admission to „Dr. Victor Babeş“ Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and transferred with suspicion of bacterial endocarditis on native valve. Diagnosis is confirmed by presence of two major Duke criteria: echocardiographic demonstrated valvular involvement, and identification of the pathogen agent – Streptococcus mutans in blood cultures. After completing four weeks of antibiotic treatment, surgical intervention was required. Surgery has been performed, and prosthetic valve in mitral position was used. The patient returns to the clinic for antibiotic treatment (consolidation) for two weeks. After the patient has been discharged, he neglected cardiology treatment administration, leading to a hemorrhagic stroke and irreversible cardiopulmonary arrest. The specific feature of the case lies in the fact that kidney damage was the main onset event of subacute bacterial endocarditis.
Cooperation between family practitioners and ginecologyst in PAP smears with ASCUS positive cases
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Obstetrică-Ginecologie „Filantropia“, Bucureşti, Neştianu Liliana , Dogaru Adriana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova, Neştianu Erick George ,   Facultatea de Medicină Generală, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

The evolution of women with ASCUS PAP smear must be done in an orderly fashion. The family doctor must communicate with the gynecologist following standardized procedures so that the lesions can be discovered as early as possible. For women with ASCUS PAP smear it is recommended to take another cytological examination in 6 months and also test themselves for HPV. After said investigations, if need be, a colposcopy is also recommended. Women witch are HPV negative repeat the PAP smear yearly. Patients presenting ASCUS PAP smear and are HPV positive will be investigated as if they had LGSIL PAP smear. In this case a colposcopy will be done. If the cytology exam result is a CIN 1 type, the exam will be repeated early along with the HPV exam. If it’s a CIN 2 or CIN 3 type, the patient will be investigated every 4 or 6 months for a period of 2 years. The HPV test will be made at least once a year. Women with 3 negative result are tested once every 3 years.
ALLERGIC DISEASES IN TYPE 1 DIABETIC PATIENTS: A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Medical Biochemistry, „Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Dutu Alina Gabriela , Albu Silviu ,   2nd Department of Otolaryngology, „Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: September 2021

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is considered an autoimmune disease mediated by Th1 lymphocytes, while allergic diseases are characterized by Th2-mediated immune response. Their incidence is rising in developed countries and the interaction between autoimmune and atopic diseases has been a subject of interest for decades. There are many controversies about the association or mutual exclusion of these diseases, but classical paradigm based on the assumption that diseases mediated by Th1 and Th2 should be mutually exclusive, has been revised considering both the role of regulatory T cells Threg, and the environmental factors involved. The aim of this review is to investigate the association of allergic diseases (rhinitis, asthma, dermatitis) in patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The studies that attempted to shed light on this topic had surprisingly varied results. These ranged from statistically significant proof of an inverse association between an autoimmune disease and one or several atopic ones to other implying positive associations. Although up to now studies on this subject present seemingly discordant results, each attempt raises new questions and sheds light on new factors involved in the interaction of these diseases. They present much needed stepping stones for future studies to learn from and adapt.
Place and role of nonabsorbable antibiotics in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Aramă Victoria ,   Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Prof. Dr. Matei Balş“, Bucureşti, Niculescu Iulia ,   Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Prof. Dr. Matei Balş“, Bucureşti, Petre Roxana ,   Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Prof. Dr. Matei Balş“, Bucureşti, Aramă Sorin Ştefan ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Objectives. In the present study we wanted to evaluate the efficiency of Rifaximin-α on acute infectious diarrhea. Materials and methods. We revised the literature, as well as the studies which have been published within recent years. Discussions and conclusions. Rifaximin-α is an nonabsorbable antibiotic, bactericid, with a wide spectrum of action. It is recommended in acute diarrheic syndromes without invasive mechanism. Its properties (lack of intestinal absorbtion, minimal effect on colonic flora and no medication interactions) confer Rifaximin-α an excellent safety profile. Taking into account its wide spectrum of action and its high intestinal concentrations, it is considered an efficient and safe option in the treatment of acute infectious noninvasive diarrhea, as well as in the treatment and the prophilaxy of traveller´s diarrhea. Further more ample studies are needed to evaluate its efficiency in the treatment of recurrent infections with Clostridium difficile.
Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health of Adults with Autism in India
Authors: Javed Amaan , Roy Ritwika
Published: September 2021

Background:

This study focuses on the direct and indirect implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with Autism in India. This study took into account the social isolation during the global pandemic in 2020 and its effect on the emotional well-being of the community.

Methods:

We designed a survey involving Indian residents. Part I involved questionnaires for different cohorts: 1) educated, 2) employed and 3) unemployed. The questions were based on proposed life models to maintain the heterogeneity according to the preferences of the target group. Part II of  involved online interviews conducted in English. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed.

Findings:

The analyses of participants’ responses (N=10) stipulated that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic people's mental health has been variable. Participants encountered both positive and negative emotions. Factors such as disrupted schedules, fear of job loss, poor domestic support system and inconsistency in transition were important. These were associated with development of new or worsening of pre-existing psychological as well as behavioural conditions including depression, anxiety, panic attacks and high-stress levels. At the same time, reduced interactions with decreased social insistence led to an improvement for some participants.

Interpretation:

Our results illustrate the deterioration of mental health and well-being for Autistic adults due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings emphasise the need for the development of innovative approaches and investment in the creation of support systems to address mental distress in this population.
Exponential Formulas, Normal Ordering and the Weyl-Heisenberg Algebra
Authors:   Ruder Bo&, Meljanac Stjepan ,   #353,   kovi&,   #263,   Institute, Croatia, Štrajn Rina ,   University of Dubrovnik, Croatia
Published: September 2021

We consider a class of exponentials in the Weyl-Heisenberg algebra with exponents of type at most linear in coordinates and arbitrary functions of momenta. They are expressed in terms of normal ordering where coordinates stand to the left from momenta. Exponents appearing in normal ordered form satisfy differential equations with boundary conditions that could be solved perturbatively order by order. Two propositions are presented for the Weyl-Heisenberg algebra in 2 dimensions and their generalizations in higher dimensions. These results can be applied to arbitrary noncommutative spaces for construction of star products, coproducts of momenta and twist operators. They can also be related to the BCH formula.
Contribution to the "Atlas of the Russian Flora": Twelve local floras of European Russia
Authors: Seregin Alexey P.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this dataset is to deliver to a wider audience in the form of GBIF-mediated data vast floristic materials collected by the author across various localities of European Russia from 2001-2019 (Arkhangelsk, Tver, Vladimir, Tula, Lipetsk, Voronezh Oblasts, Krasnodar Krai, City of Moscow and Komi Republic). Taxonomic data on vascular plants for ten locations were mobilised from the papers and technical reports published in Russian and standardised. Floristic treatments for two locations (Yasnaya Polyana and Tsaritsyno) have never been published before.

The newly-prepared dataset includes 5,309 species records, i.e. one species record per each local flora. These are either native or alien (fully naturalised and casual) species. All records within one local flora have the same centroid coordinates and coordinate uncertainty in metres. Floristic inventories from the following locations were mobilised: 01. Ustya, Arkhangelsk Oblast (543 species, 1,500 km2); 02. Zaseki, Tula Oblast (593 species, 60 km2); 03. Polibino, Lipetsk Oblast (553 species, 70 km2); 04. Khrenovoye, Voronezh Oblast (665 species, 200 km2); 05. Troyeruchitsa, Tver Oblast (501 species, 10 km2); 06. Man-Pupu-Ner, Komi Republic (182 species, ca. 300 km2); 07. Middle Lyaga, Komi Republic (143 species, ca. 300 km2); 08. Utrish, Krasnodar Krai (933 species, 195 km2); 09. Yasnaya Polyana, Tula Oblast (236 species, 2.2 km2); 10. Bogolyubovsky Lug, Vladimir Oblast (289 species, 1.7 km2); 11. Tsaritsyno, City of Moscow (359 species, 5.3 km2); 12. Patakino, Vladimir Oblast (312 species, 1.1 km2). According to the GBIF taxonomic backbone, the dataset covers 1,806 species, 669 genera and 127 families of tracheophytes.
Phylogenetic relationships amongst the snake-eyed lizards of the genus Ablepharus Fitzinger, 1823 (Sauria, Scincidae) in the Iranian Plateau based on mtDNA sequences
Authors: Karamiani Rasoul , Rastegar-Pouyani Nasrullah , Rastegar-Pouyani Eskandar
Published: September 2021

We recovered molecular phylogenetic relationships amongst species of the genusAblepharusin Iran and Iraq. Partial sequences of three mitochondrial genes (cytochrome C oxidase subunit I – COI, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA) were analysed. In addition, phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic evaluation ofAblepharusspecies in Cyprus, India, Greece, Turkey and Syria were performed using partial sequences of the 16S rRNA gene. Phylogenetic trees and estimated genetic distances showed that theAblepharuspopulations of Iran and Iraq clustered into three distinct clades. One is found in northwest Iran (A. bivittatusin Ardabil, East and West Azerbaijan and Hamedan Provinces). The second clade, formed byA. chernovi, is found only in Uromia. The third and most heterogeneous clade is divided into two subclades, the first includes two lineages ofAblepharusin Khorasan Razavi and Semnan Provinces (A. pannonicus) and in eastern and south-eastern Iran (A. grayanus); the second subclade is distributed in the eastern part of Iraq and west and south-western Iran (Ablepharussp.). Our analyses indicated that splitting ofA. chernoviwithin the genus occurred in the early Miocene [about 22.5 million years ago (Mya)].Ablepharus bivittatusdiverged 15.2 Mya, in the middle Miocene.Ablepharus pannonicusdiverged in the late Miocene (8.4 Mya) andA. grayanusseparated in the late Miocene (6.7 Mya). The lineages of eastern Iraq and south-western Iran (Ablepharussp.) diverged also in the late Miocene (7.0 Mya).
Three new species of the genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Boletobiinae) from the Xizang Autonomous Region, China with an updated list of the world species
Authors: Han Hui Lin , Kononenko Vladimir S.
Published: September 2021

Three new species of the genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893: A. dawaisp. nov., A. medogensissp. nov. and A. tibetasp. nov. are described from Motuo (= Medog) County of the Xizang Autonomous Region (= Tibet), China. The imagines as well as the male genitalia are illustrated. A checklist of the 45 species of the genus Araeopteron in the world fauna is presented, including recently and presently described species.
Effets collatéraux du Covid-19 ou les oubliés de la crise
Authors: Humbert Nago
Published: September 2021

Dans cette période de pandémie, comme dans les catastrophes humanitaires et pendant les périodes de confinement, ce sont les personnes souffrant de maladies chroniques (diabète, maladies pulmonaires, hypertension, maladies psychiques, insuffisances rénales, situations de handicap, etc.) ou oncologiques qui paient un lourd tribut, car elles deviennent les oubliées de l’événement, la communication des responsables politiques ou sanitaires relayée par les médias portant l’attention quasi exclusivement sur l’événement-catastrophe. Outre les soins de confort et la pharmacologie que nous connaissons bien en soins palliatifs, il y a, à cause des mesures de restriction de présence humaine, toute une partie de cette philosophie de soins qui est abandonnée. Notamment la prise en charge de la détresse des proches (conjoint, enfant, fratrie, parents), les rituels, le travail de deuil, sans parler des injustices de l’accessibilité aux soins dans les pays vulnérables.
Lien ne tient plus
Authors: Iucksch Marlène
Published: September 2021

On s’interroge dans ce texte sur la nature des liens qui attachent ou relient l’enfant à sa famille d’origine. Existe-t-il un lien ou des liens ? L’enfant qui va à l’école est-il séparé douloureusement de sa famille ? N’est-ce pas une séparation nécessaire permettant à l’enfant de se préparer peu à peu à quitter le lieu familial ? Un cas de mère en situation de grande précarité sociale, sans papiers et toxicomane, est ensuite présenté. Les équipes de professionnels s’occupant de l’enfant ballotté de lieu en lieu, régulièrement délaissé par une mère qui apparaît néanmoins aimante, n’arriveront que très difficilement à opérer un placement. Il est rappelé dans la conclusion que F. Dolto disait : « Le traumatisme ne vient pas de la séparation en soi mais de l’impossibilité d’une séparation de la mère à l’enfant. »
Interrogations sur la fonction paternelle dans l'accueil familial
Authors: de Chassey Jutta
Published: September 2021

Avec en tête la question du « père », l’auteur débute l’article par un rappel instructif sur la législation concernant le dispositif « Placement familial » à l’Aide sociale à l’enfance, ainsi que sur la définition de la place du père dans une famille. Puis elle présente quelques réflexions qu’elle a obtenues au cours des entretiens de recrutement et dans le suivi de l’assistante familiale et de la place de son conjoint. Point important de conclusion : « Envisager le travail en placement familial autrement qu’en termes “d’assistance maternelle” amène à penser que la famille d’accueil représente en quelque sorte le système familial en tant que tel sous la forme d’une famille particulière, et c’est ça qui étaye la trajectoire œdipienne de l’enfant accueilli… On pourrait dire que le mari de l’assistante maternelle, avant d’être père d’accueil est d’abord “père de famille”, autrement dit qu’il est structurellement père (d’accueil) dans la mesure où il est père de famille. »
Vertical Differentiation, Uncertainty, Product R & D and Policy Instruments in a North-South Duopoly
Authors: Berthoumieu Julien , Lamani Viola
Published: September 2021

Cet article analyse l’effet de plusieurs instruments de politique commerciale sur la Recherche et Développement (R & D) de produits à travers un modèle de duopole Nord-Sud dans lequel une firme du Nord concurrence une firme du Sud par les prix sur les deux marchés. La firme du Nord investit en R & D de produits en raison d’un désavantage compétitif par rapport à la firme du Sud qui bénéficie d’un coût de travail plus faible. Le résultat de la R & D est incertain. Si l’investissement se traduit par un succès, il y a de la différentiation verticale sur les deux marchés. Le gouvernement du pays du Nord est le seul à pouvoir mettre en place les instruments suivants : un droit de douane, un quota d’importation ou un standard de qualité. Les résultats montrent que les dépenses en R & D de la firme du Nord augmentent avec chacun de ces instruments à l’exception du quota d’importation. L’article fournit également une analyse de bien-être pour comparer les effets de ces mesures. Les résultats des simulations numériques suggèrent que le gouvernement du pays du Nord est incité à mettre en place un droit de douane, excepté lorsque la préférence du consommateur pour la qualité du produit est élevée. Dans ce cas, l’instrument privilégié serait le standard de qualité.
Policy Maker’s Credibility with Predetermined Instruments for Forward-Looking Targets
Authors: Chatelain Jean-Bernard , Ralf Kirsten
Published: September 2021

Cette article propose des critères de choix par une banque centrale entre différentes règles de politique monétaire réagissant à l’inflation. Une attention particulière est portée sur la nature non-prédéterminée ou prédéterminée des instruments de politique monétaire. En prenant l’exemple d’une courbe de Phillips des nouveaux Keynésiens, un instrument non-prédéterminé lorsque l’inflation est aussi non-prédéterminée implique un manque extrême de crédibilité et de robustesse de l’ancrage et de la stabilisation des prix, dès lors que la banque centrale ne connaît pas exactement les paramètres de l’économie. En revanche, un instrument prédéterminé est tel qu’une régle proportionnelle ancre l’inflation non-prédéterminée de manière robuste et crédible. Cette règle peut alors être une forme réduite d’une politique optimale à la Ramsey avec un minimum de crédibilité et de robustesse. Nous recommandons de modéliser des politique optimales avec un minimum de crédibilité de la banque centrale plutôt qu’avec des règles proportionnelles en supposant non-prédéterminés à la fois les instruments et les cibles de la politique monétaire.
La puissance par l’image
Authors: Paquin Stéphane
Published: September 2021

Internet et les médias sociaux ont profondément transformé l’exercice du métier de diplomate, qui doit désormais maîtriser l’art de la diplomatie numérique, devenir un expert de la « twiplomatie » et des big data tout en évitant l’écueil des fake news .
La puissance par l’image
Authors: Guilbaud Auriane
Published: September 2021

Les ONG sont-elles une ressource ou une contrainte pour les États ? Imbriquées dans la diplomatie publique gouvernementale, elles peuvent la concurrencer ou l’influencer. Dans tous les cas, leur expertise, leur capacité de mobilisation de l’opinion publique et leur fonction de légitimation sont au cœur de leurs interactions avec les États.
La puissance par l’image
Authors: Oudet Benjamin
Published: September 2021

Comment articuler renseignement et diplomatie publique ? Tout semble les opposer : si l’un est ouvert, l’autre est secret. Mais selon des modalités différentes, ne sont-ils pas les deux composantes des stratégies d’influence menées par les États, le premier n’étant que le miroir de la seconde ?
Du paradigme de la crise en philosophie
Authors: Mounguengui Steve-Wilifrid , Afia Kamel , Tilly Jean-Joseph Karine
Published: September 2021

La crise peut être vue comme la perte de sens et en même temps de légitimation. Ainsi sépare-t-elle deux moments du temps. La crise est au cœur de la dynamique sociale en ce qu’elle permet le déploiement de l’imaginaire social : elle donne naissance à une projection utopique, un mouvement, elle est un processus.
Entre tours et détours : la prise en compte des usages dans la fabrication de l'espace public
Authors: de Lataulade Bénédicte
Published: September 2021

Les usages, les pratiques, les habitudes, développées sur l’espace public, forcent les processus de production de l’espace, tout autant que les détournements, les contournements et les appropriations diverses et variées non anticipés par les concepteurs. Comment ceux-ci prennent-ils en compte les usages actuels pour répondre au mieux aux utilisateurs, et comment négocient-ils les marges de manœuvre vis-à-vis des usages à venir ? Comment programme-t-on des lieux en vue d’accueillir des utilisations non encore connues ? Ou encore : comment permettre à l’espace public d’évoluer et d’accueillir de nouvelles formes d’appropriation ? Comment la composition elle-même de l’espace public permet d’innover, d’insuffler de nouvelles pratiques et d’accompagner des tendances émergentes ?
Crise du logement étudiant
Authors: Denis Sarah , Mounguengui Stève-Wilifrid , Sahraoui Sabrina , Sellam Nadia
Published: September 2021

Le premier de ces deux articles présente des crises successivement du logement quand le second porte directement sur la crise du logement étudiant. Deux approches différentes sont présentées : l’approche sociale et l’approche militant, conflictuelle.
Lutter contre le décrochage scolaire : quelques pistes pédagogiques
Authors: Hugon Marie-Anne
Published: September 2021

Les différentes formes d’absentéisme et de « décrochage » qui conduisent à la sortie sans diplôme du système scolaire d’environ 120000 jeunes chaque année, peuvent être considérées comme des symptômes des crises qui traversent l’école française aujourd’hui. En effet, on sait, notamment grâce aux résultats des recherches nord-américaines que l’organisation de la classe, son climat, les pédagogies mises en œuvre sont des déterminants majeurs dans les décisions individuelles de poursuite ou non du cursus scolaire. Il convient donc de s’interroger sur ce que ces sorties prématurées nous disent des fonctionnements et des dysfonctionnements actuels du collège et du lycée. Des initiatives pédagogiques et institutionnelles, adressées aux jeunes en risque d’abandon scolaire ou qui souhaitent retourner à l’école après un temps plus ou moins long d’absence, montrent que des réponses peuvent être mises en œuvre dans le cadre de l’Éducation nationale. On republie ici un article évoquant quelques unes de ces pistes pédagogiques et institutionnelles pour prévenir le décrochage scolaire et y remédier.
Crise : de l'illusion évaluative au changement…
Authors: Cellier Hervé
Published: September 2021

La crise a ceci d’illusoire qu’elle est censée provoquer un changement. Elle fonctionne comme un grand ordonnateur qui dicte le bien et le mal. En matière d’éducation, différents aspects de ce qui serait une crise sont évoqués. L’appréhension de la question a cela de commun qu’elle parcellise l’analyse, espérant ainsi trouver des réponses éducatives et pédagogiques susceptibles de l’endiguer. Or peut être faut-il mettre en perspective les évolutions générales de notre système éducatif et nos modes de vie étroitement conditionnés par des choix économiques et politiques peu innovants.
Using elastic scattering to determination of diseases via urine samples
Authors: Yilmaz Suleyman ,   Aksaray University, Faculty of Education, Department of Sciences, Turkey
Published: September 2021

In diagnosing the urinary tract and related diseases, the problem of light scattering from human urine was examined on the basis of classical electromagnetic theory. Numerical calculations were made for the designed cylindrical model with the help of optical parameters in the literature obtained from the laboratory test results of urine samples. In the designed model, the changes of the scattered intensity of the light from the urine solution according to the size parameter of the particles and the angular distribution of the system (including forward, side and back scattering) in the equatorial plane were obtained, in both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) of the polarization states of the light. It was observed that the molecular density changes caused by the materials in the urine sample changed primarily the optical parameters and indirectly the intensity distribution of the scattered light. Thus, with the contribution of standard data provided as a result of light scatter calculations from urine samples taken from people with normal and different diseases, it will be easier to diagnose diseases that will be encountered later.