bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Frequency Oscillations and Epileptogenic Network
Authors: Li Xiaonan , Zhang Herui , Lai Huanling , Wang Jiaoyang , Wang Wei , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2021

Epilepsy is a network disease caused by aberrant neocortical large-scale connectivity
spanning regions on the scale of several centimeters. High-frequency oscillations, characterized by
the 80-600 Hz signals in electroencephalography, have been proven to be a promising biomarker of
epilepsy that can be used in assessing the severity and susceptibility of epilepsy as well as the location of the epileptogenic zone. However, the presence of a high-frequency oscillation network remains a topic of debate as high-frequency oscillations have been previously thought to be incapable
of propagation, and the relationship between high-frequency oscillations and the epileptogenic network has rarely been discussed. Some recent studies reported that high-frequency oscillations may
behave like networks that are closely relevant to the epileptogenic network. Pathological highfrequency oscillations are network-driven phenomena and elucidate epileptogenic network development; high-frequency oscillations show different characteristics coincident with the epileptogenic
network dynamics, and cross-frequency coupling between high-frequency oscillations and other
signals may mediate the generation and propagation of abnormal discharges across the network.
The Epidemiological Analysis of HIV/AIDS Patients: Sexually Transmitted
Diseases Department vs. other Departments in A General Hospital of
Shanghai, China
Authors: Shen Liangliang , Yu Yue , Li Yufei , Zhao Jingjun , Liu Heping
Published: September 2021

Background:

Hospital is an important place for HIV/AIDS screening, and a general hospital
is composed of multiple departments. Different departments have different levels of understanding
of HIV/AIDS, especially the sexually transmitted diseases (STD) department is the main
place for HIV/AIDS screening.

Objective:

The study aims to validate the common knowledge that the STD department is an important
place for HIV/AIDS screening by comparing the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS
patients in the STD department and other departments in Tongji Hospital, which can provide a theoretical
basis for the precise and differentiated control of HIV/AIDS.

Methods:

A total of 283,525 HIV screening cases were analyzed from January 1st 2006 to December
31st 2018 in the STD department and other departments. The epidemiological data of 226
HIV/AIDS cases were retrospectively analyzed.

Results :

Firstly, the incidence of HIV/AIDS in the population served by Tongji Hospital was higher
than that in Shanghai and China. Secondly, the positive rate of HIV screening test in the STD department
was ten times higher than that of other departments. Thirdly, the social-demographic characteristics
of HIV/AIDS patients in the STD department were different from those in other departments.
Fourthly, there were differences in age, education, marital status and number of sex partners
between men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who have sex with women (MSW). Fifthly,
there was no difference except age in social-demographic characteristics of MSM between the
STD department and other departments. Sixthly, compared with other departments, the majority of
HIV/AIDS patients in the STD department were MSM. Seventhly, syphilis and HIV co-infection
were not statistically significant in HIV/AIDS patients between the STD department and other departments.

Conclusion:

Firstly, the significantly higher positive rate of an HIV screening test in the STD department
emphasizes its importance as a place for screening HIV/AIDS patients. Secondly,
HIV/AIDS patients diagnosed in the general hospital were mainly transmitted by sexual contact,
and MSM accounted for the most part of these patients. More attention should be paid to screen outpatients,
especially in the STD department and young men.
The Fundamental Basis of Palpitations: A Neurocardiology Approach
Authors: Kandiah Joshua W. , Blumberger Daniel M. , Rabkin Simon W.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective:

Palpitations are a common symptom that may indicate cardiac
arrhythmias, be a somatic complaint in anxiety disorders, and can be present in patients without
either condition. The objective of this review was to explore the pathways and fundamental
mechanisms through which individuals appreciate palpitations.

Observations:

Cardiac afferents provide beat-to-beat sensory information on the heart to the spinal
cord, brain stem, and higher brain centers. Cardioception, a subset of interoception (‘the physiological
sense of the condition of the body’), refers to sensing of the heartbeat. High cardioception is present
in persons with lower body mass index, lower percentages of body fat, and anxiety disorders.
Low cardioception (lower interoceptive awareness) is associated with psychiatric disorders, such as
depression, personality disorders, and schizophrenia. CNS sites associated with heartbeat detection
have been identified by functional magnetic resonance imaging studies and heartbeat-evoked electroencephalogram
potentials. The right insula, cingulate gyrus, somatomotor and somatosensory
cortices nucleus accumbens, left subthalamic nucleus, and left ventral capsule/striatum are implicated
in both palpitations and heartbeat detection. Involvement of the brain as a primary modulator of
palpitations rests on the data that various areas of the brain are activated in association with cardioception,
the ability of focal brain stimulation to induce palpitations, the ability of central alpha receptor
agonists and antagonists to modulate palpitations, and suppression of palpitations by transcranial
repetitive magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

Conclusions:

Palpitations should be viewed as a pathway extending from the heart to the brain. Palpitations
are, in part, a reflection of an individual’s cardioception awareness, which is modulated
by body size, percentage of body fat, and psychological or psychiatric conditions. Palpitations can
originate in the brain and involve central neurotransmitters. Treatment of palpitations unrelated to
cardiac arrhythmias or anxiety disorders should consider the use of central alpha-2 agonists and
possibly rTMS.
Falciform Ligament Torsion Caused by Omental Hernia Through the
Foramen of Morgagni
Authors: Erdemir Ahmet G. , Yaraşır Yasin , Onur Mehmet R.
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Torsion of the falciform ligament, one of the rarest causes of acute abdominal
pain, often presents with pain in the right upper quadrant and epigastrium.

Case Presentation:

In this case, we present the Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI) findings of torsion of the falciform ligament that occurred in the presence of
omental fat herniation through the foramen of Morgagni in an 88-year-old female patient who presented
to the emergency department with acute epigastric pain.

Conclusion:

Torsion of the falciform ligament may develop secondary to omental hernia in the setting
of Morgagni hernia and should be taken into consideration as one of the rarest causes of acute
abdominal pain, even in elderly patients.
Genetic Polymorphisms and Pesticide-Induced DNA Damage: A Review
Authors: Usman Muhammad Bello , Priya Kanu , Pandit Soumya , Gupta Piyush Kumar , Agrawal Sharad , Sarma Hemen , Prasad Ram
Published: September 2021

The drastic increase in pesticide applications makes human exposure inevitable either through environment or occupation. Pesticide toxicity causes many adverse health effects through a number of pathways leading to DNA damage, mutations and cancers. Nevertheless, there is heterogeneity in the degree of toxicity among individuals due to the influence of genetic polymorphisms on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) that modulate the biological process. Thus, study of the most common polymorphic genes coding for the enzymes involved in pesticide metabolism (such as cytochrome P450, Glutathione S-transferases, N-acetyltransferase and paraoxonase) may help determine individual’s susceptibility to pesticide toxicity. In this review, we give an overview of some recent developments in the field of genetic polymorphism and pesticide-related DNA damage, including probable biomarkers that may uncover genome susceptibility to pesticide toxicity. We have tried to create a connection between DNA polymorphism and cancer onslaught globally. It is envisaged that knowledge on this line would improve our understanding of facilitating the association between genotype and phenotype in cancer biology.
Assessing the Grip of Solar Energy Systems on Environmental Sustainability-
A Review
Authors: Srivastava Shreya , Behera Ajit , Biswal Ramakrishna
Published: September 2021

:

A sustainable energy production system fulfills its goal while being environmentally, socially,
and technically sound. The intermittent availability and viability of renewable energy makes this vision
a gradual and long-suffering process. In the rapid result-oriented economy, concerns regarding the
environment are treated with desperate solutions that may add fuel to the fire. Although substantial research
has been going on in the development of emerging technologies and refinement of established
systems, we need to be reminded of the larger goal in mind: a benign and sustainable environment.
Closing a door on a problem and not opening several new ones is what we must yearn to achieve. Renewable
energy systems and their utility may unintentionally harm a different subset of the ecosystem.
Solar energy systems are a more recent candidate with a high annual growth rate and thus, are still in
the nascent stage to realise the bruised potential of the technology. By 2050, 60 million tons of solar
waste will be produced if it is not resolved efficiently. To achieve environmental sustainability, it is
imperative to work towards recycling redundant systems, establishing producer responsibility, fulfilling
social needs and optimising future technology. By integrating aspects of the research on solar energy
systems, their environmental risks, and their potential to create a sustainable ecosystem, this review article
attempts to cater to environmental decision making and direct the eventual research and analysis
towards their original unified objective.
Surface Modification of Polybenzimidazole (PBI) with Microwave Generated
Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Photo-oxidation
Authors: Takacs Gerald A. , Kovach Timothy , Boyd Samuel , Garcia Anthony , Fleischer Andrew , Vega Katerine , Hilfiker Regina , Shertok Joel , Mehan Michael , Gupta Surendra K.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is used in high temperature proton exchange
membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) and redox flow batteries, where proton transfer occurs with
the nitrogen-containing groups in PBI, and in aerospace applications exposed to oxygen and radiation.

Objective:

The objective is to investigate VUV photo-oxidation of PBI for the first time in order to
incorporate polar functional groups on the surface to potentially enhance proton conductivity in
HT-PEMFCs.

Methods:

A low-pressure microwave discharge of Ar generated 104.8 and 106.7 nm vacuum UV
(VUV) radiation to treat PBI with VUV photo-oxidation. Analysis was done with X-ray
Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), water contact angle
(WCA) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) to detect changes in chemistry, surface roughness,
hydrophilicity, and adhesion, respectively.

Results :

XPS showed: an increase in the O concentration up to a saturation level of 15 ± 1 at %; a
decrease of the C concentration by about the same amount; and little change in the N concentration.
With increasing treatment time, there were significant decreases in the concentrations of C-C
sp2, C-C sp3 and C=N groups, and increases in the concentration of C=O, O-C=O, O-(C=O)-O, CN,
and N-C=O containing moieties. The water contact angle decreased from 83° for pristine PBI
down to 43°, making the surface more hydrophilic, primarily due to the oxidation, since AFM detected
no significant changes in surface roughness. TGA analysis showed an improvement of water
adhesion to the treated surface.

Conclusion:

Microwave generated VUV photo-oxidation is an effective technique for oxidizing
the surface of PBI and increasing hydrophilicity.
Oblicza patriotyzmu. Kilka uwag i wniosków z badania studentów
Authors:   Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej w Warszawie, Przybylski Błażej
Published: September 2021

Ongoing disputes on the meaning and sense of patriotism in the modern world are re-flected in literature and journalism. The varying faces and new forms of patriotism are being emphasized. The article presents the results of a survey conducted among peda-gogy students of three universities. The aim of the research was recognition of the ways of understanding and accepting various forms of patriotism in the democratic and pluralistic social reality. The highest level of approval among the respondents was obtained by the so-called “old forms of patriotism”, which might also be referred to as symbolic patriotism.
Collecting Social Media Information in a Substance Use Intervention Trial With Adolescent Girls With Lifetime Substance Use History: Observational Study
Authors: Ramos Lili M C , Delgadillo Joseline , Vélez Sarah , Dauria Emily , Salas Jamie , Tolou-Shams Marina
Published: September 2021

Background

Adolescents with juvenile legal system contact face numerous barriers to participation in behavioral health intervention research, including housing disruption, legal privacy concerns, and systems mistrust. Technology, such as social media, may be a novel and developmentally appropriate adolescent research study engagement and retention tool.

Objective

We examined data on social media information collected for study retention purposes from adolescents participating in a substance use intervention trial.

Methods

Data were collected as part of a randomized controlled trial determining efficacy of a group-based substance use intervention for girls and young women (12-24 years) with substance use histories referred from legal and school systems in the United States. Baseline demographic and social media information was analyzed from the subset of 114 adolescent girls (mean age 15.7 years; range 13-18 years), of whom 31.6% (36/114) were legally involved, 87.7% (100/114) belonged to minoritized racial/ethnic groups, and 32.5% (37/114) received public assistance.

Results

Most girls (74/114, 64.9%) provided at least one social media account (Instagram, 95% [70/74]; Facebook, 27% [20/74]; and Twitter, 11% [8/74]) during study enrollment. Legally involved girls were significantly less likely to provide social media information than school-referred girls (44% [16/36] versus 74% [58/78]; χ21 [N=114]=9.68, P=.002).

Conclusions

Obtaining social media information for study retention purposes from adolescent girls with lifetime substance use appears possible; however, particular subgroups (ie, legally involved girls) may be less likely to provide accounts. Factors shaping legally involved girls’ willingness to provide social media information, including mistrust and privacy concerns, and the impact of researcher’s access to social media information on study retention are critical directions for future research.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02293057; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02293057
Applications of Blockchain in the Medical Field: Narrative Review
Authors: Xie Yi , Zhang Jiayao , Wang Honglin , Liu Pengran , Liu Songxiang , Huo Tongtong , Duan Yu-Yu , Dong Zhe , Lu Lin , Ye Zhewei
Published: September 2021

Background

As a distributed technology, blockchain has attracted increasing attention from stakeholders in the medical industry. Although previous studies have analyzed blockchain applications from the perspectives of technology, business, or patient care, few studies have focused on actual use-case scenarios of blockchain in health care. In particular, the outbreak of COVID-19 has led to some new ideas for the application of blockchain in medical practice.

Objective

This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the current and projected uses of blockchain technology in health care, as well as directions for future research. In addition to the framework structure of blockchain and application scenarios, its integration with other emerging technologies in health care is discussed.

Methods

We searched databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, IEEE, and Springer using a combination of terms related to blockchain and health care. Potentially relevant papers were then compared to determine their relevance and reviewed independently for inclusion. Through a literature review, we summarize the key medical scenarios using blockchain technology.

Results

We found a total of 1647 relevant studies, 60 of which were unique studies that were included in this review. These studies report a variety of uses for blockchain and their emphasis differs. According to the different technical characteristics and application scenarios of blockchain, we summarize some medical scenarios closely related to blockchain from the perspective of technical classification. Moreover, potential challenges are mentioned, including the confidentiality of privacy, the efficiency of the system, security issues, and regulatory policy.

Conclusions

Blockchain technology can improve health care services in a decentralized, tamper-proof, transparent, and secure manner. With the development of this technology and its integration with other emerging technologies, blockchain has the potential to offer long-term benefits. Not only can it be a mechanism to secure electronic health records, but blockchain also provides a powerful tool that can empower users to control their own health data, enabling a foolproof health data history and establishing medical responsibility.
Buccal Mucosal Grafts as a Novel Treatment for the Repair of Rectovaginal Fistulas: Protocol for an Upcoming Prospective Single-Surgeon Case Series
Authors: Cahill Caitlin , Kruger Natalia , Heine John
Published: September 2021

Background

Rectovaginal fistulas (RVFs) are abnormal communications between the rectum/anus and the vagina. They are most frequently formed a result of obstetric injury and have deleterious effects on patients’ quality of life. Despite several treatment modalities, RVFs remain difficult problems to manage, and many patients fail multiple attempts at surgical repair. Buccal mucosal grafts (BMGs) may be a solution to this problem. A BMG is an oral mucosal tissue harvested from the inner cheek. There are 2 case reports that describe the successful use of BMGs in the repair of RVFs.

Objective

Our objective is to validate these findings with a prospective case series while also addressing the key issues of indication, technical details, procedure safety, and short-term outcomes.

Methods

A prospective single-surgeon case series will be undertaken at a university-affiliated academic tertiary care hospital in Calgary, Alberta (Canada). The estimated recruitment is between 3 and 5 patients. Patients will undergo surgical repair of their RVFs with an autologous BMG. Data on patient characteristics, fistula characteristics, and surgical variables will be collected and analyzed prospectively. The primary outcome is fistula closure. This study has been approved by the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Calgary (REB20-1123).

Results

Two previous case reports have described the successful use of BMGs in the repair of RVFs. We have received ethics approval to attempt to validate these findings through a prospective case series.

Conclusions

RVFs cause significant patient morbidity and are difficult problems to manage. Bolstered by the successful use of BMGs in urologic surgery and the previously published case reports demonstrating success in RVFs, we believe that BMGs may be a solution to RVFs.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/31003
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLYPHENOL, FLAVONOID, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT ALTITUDES
Authors: BIGYAN JOSHI  , NETRA LAL BHANDARI  , SUNITA SHRESTHA  , RAJENDRA GYAWALI  , PANNA THAPA
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The main aim of this investigation is to explore the folklore medicinal flora located at Terai and the lesser Himalayan region of Nepal and has a comparative study on phenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity that would bring forth a factual basis for its use in the traditional therapy of various health ailments.
Methods: Folin-Ciocalteu and Colorimetric aluminum chloride methods were used for the estimation of total polyphenolic and flavonoid content, respectively. Moreover, antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity.
Results: Among 21 plants collected, Artemesia vulgaris depicted higher (53±0.03 mg GAE/g) and Mimosa pudica (3.7±0.04 mg GAE/g) depicted lower phenolic content whereas the highest flavonoid content is observed in Syzygium cumini and the lowest value in Mentha piperita. Almost all the collected specimen demonstrated antioxidant activity, among which Eupatorium adenophorum and Rhododendron anthopogon demonstrated lower and higher antioxidant activity, respectively. Moreover, phenol and flavonoid content showed a weak correlation with the antioxidant activity indicating the major antioxidant to be different compounds other than phenols or flavonoids.
Conclusion: The present study confirms the antioxidant activity of the collected plant specimen and defends its ethnobiological use as a possible natural antioxidant. Furthermore, the result of antioxidant properties encourages their application in medicinal health, functional food, and biopharmaceutics.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING IN SITU GEL OF OMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM FOR ORAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: SONI ANKIT , MAHESH KUMAR KATARIA
Published: September 2021

Objective: Omeprazole magnesium is indicated for the treatment of erosive esophagitis associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease. It is one of the highly prescribed proton pump inhibitor in the management of peptic ulcer diseases. The therapeutic concentration of a drug in blood can be maintained for a prolonged period of time by administering it in the form of in situ floating gel dosage form. Omeprazole magnesium undergoes degradation at a low pH of the esophagus and stomach; it is therefore given as in situ gel, so, there is minimum contact with acidic pH.
Methods: Omeprazole magnesium suspension prepared using various polymers and floating agents in varying concentrations. Several evaluation tests including dissolution test to ensure the release of the drug from formulation by in vitro technique, color and homogeneity, in vitro floating duration, in vitro gelling capacity, drug content determination, pH of the formulation, and floating lag time were studied.
Results: All formulations demonstrated good Fourier-transform infrared compliance and no interaction between drug, polymer, and other excipients. The study’s findings show that the formulation F6 showed the best results.
Conclusion: The developed formulation was a viable alternative conventional solution by virtue of its ability to enhance bioavailability through its longer gastric residence time and ability to sustain drug release as well as the advantage of floating and pH which minimize the degradation of omeprazole magnesium which is easily degraded by acidic environment.
EVALUATION OF FETAL THIGH CIRCUMFERENCE AS AN ADDITIONAL MARKER FOR FOETAL BIOMETRY
Authors: GUPTA SARYU , BHARDWAJ  , KAUR PARAMJEET , GAMBHIR PUNEET
Published: September 2021

Objective: Accurate determination of gestational age is the sine qua non of optimal management and hence prognostication of all pregnancies.A meticulous biometry ensures timely interventions resulting in favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. Traditionally, the parameters of Biparietal diameter (BPD), Femur length (FL), Head circumference (HC), and Abdominal circumference (AC) have been utilized for routine fetal biometry. The present study aims to assess the utility of Fetal Thigh Circumference (ThC) as an additional marker for fetal biometry.
Methods: The present retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study was done in the Departments of Radiodiagnosis and Obstetrics and Gynaecology in an ethically and socio-economically diverse group of pregnant females. All pregnant females with singleton pregnancies between 22 and 40 weeks of gestation and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were subjected to ultrasound examination. Subsequently analysis was done for the data collected.
Results: There were a total of 287 participants in present study group with mean age of 23±3.4 years. The strength of agreement almost perfect (>0.99) between the mean observed ThC to ThC values by Deter et al. taken as standard. There was a highly significant positive correlation between gestational period and standard biometry parameters and ThC. ThC model for prediction will be better than standard biometry parameters of BPD, HC and AC but not as good as FL model according to the regression analysis of the present study.
Conclusions: There is concordance of fetal ThC as an accurate predictor of period of gestation only after FL. It can be combined with standard biometry parameters to give a better estimation of period of gestation.
Google Translate search strategies used by learners of Spanish L3: A complex lexico-morpho-syntactic weave of trial and error
Authors: Fredholm Kent
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre las estrategias de búsqueda en el traductor de Google empleadas por un grupo de 16 estudiantes suecos del bachillerato (17 a 18 años de edad) en ejercicios de redacción realizados durante su sexto año de estudios de español L3. Los estudiantes utilizaron ordenadores portátiles con acceso a internet y podían usar el traductor de Google para buscar palabras en español. El análisis de aproximadamente 43 horas de grabación de las pantallas durante la escritura de 57 ensayos reveló una compleja trama de estrategias de búsqueda en sueco, inglés y español. Las estrategias incluyeron búsquedas léxicas y morfosintácticas, desde palabras sueltas hasta secuencias más largas. Las búsquedas frecuentemente se caracterizaron por seguir métodos de prueba y error que incluían numerosas traducciones de control de palabras que los estudiantes ya conocían. Las observaciones evidenciaron también ciertos comportamientos en la búsqueda que pueden interpretarse como falta de confianza de los estudiantes en los resultados de su búsqueda así como en su propio conocimiento de la lengua.
Understanding Women Who Try to Kill Their Abusers: Print Media Coverage of R. v. Ryan
Authors: Gerrits Bailey , Verrelli Nadia , Chambers Lori
Published: September 2021

Background: The news coverage of domestic violence survivors who lethally defend themselves is often negative and promotes misconceptions. The trials of Nicole Doucet, who tried to hire a hitman to kill her abusive husband, provides an opportunity to assess if tone of the coverage changed over time.

Analysis: News coverage of the Ryan case started neutral or favourable to Doucet and included feminist legal analysis. Interjections by Michael Ryan and the RCMP shifted the coverage to use more men’s rights arguments and negatively portray Doucet.

Conclusion and implications: Canadian newspapers demonstrated, in equal measure, a better grasp of women’s defensive violence and a susceptibility to be swayed by men’s rights arguments.
Open Communication about Network Neutrality? Assessing the Internet Traffic Management Transparency of Canadian Internet Carriers
Authors: Obar Jonathan A. , Pan Jessica
Published: September 2021

Background: Engaging users in the network neutrality debate requires that internet service providers (internet carriers) communicate information about the management of network traffic.

Analysis: This pilot study of 42 carriers assesses transparency about internet traffic management practices (ITMPs), awarding up to ten stars via ten criteria. Policy materials on corporate websites suggest carriers demonstrate poor ITMP transparency, averaging 0.87/10 stars. Little information is available about approaches to network neutrality, or about traffic tiering, throttling, or blocking.

Conclusions and implications: As the Canadian government prioritizes transparency in ITMP policy, results suggest carriers are non-compliant, inhibiting user engagement and oversight.
Analisis Tindak Tutur (Speech Act) pada Percakapan antara Tetangga Dekat
Authors: Anggaini Ade Eka
Published: September 2021

Di dalam kegiatan bertutur, penutur tidak sekedar menyampaikan pesan, tetapi ia juga membangun hubungan sosial dengan petutur (mitra tutur). Penelitian ini membatasi permasalahan pada peranan konteks pada wacana percakapan antara tetangga dekat berdasarkan teori Hymes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan konteks pada wacana percakapan antara tetangga, selain itu penelitian ini juga bertujuan menganalisis percakapan antara tetangga dekat berdasarkan teori hymes, dan dari percakapan tersebut dapat terlihat unsur-unsur paralinguistic sangat membantu untuk memahami ilokusi masing-masing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metode deskriftif kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis isi.
Effect of Persian manual therapy (Fateh technique) on patients with mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: a clinical trial
Authors: Naeiji Hamed , Mokaberinejad Roshanak , Raeissadat Seyed Ahmad , Nouri Farshad , Fallah Yousef , Haj Manouchehri Reza , Abbassian Alireza , Riahi Seyed Mohammad
Published: September 2021

Objective: Various non-surgical treatments are used to treat Carpal tunnel syndrome, including hand therapy. In this study, the effect of Fateh Iranian hand therapy on this disease has been investigated for the first time.
Method: In this controlled clinical trial, 58 female patients (78 hands) eligible for carpal tunnel syndrome were divided into two groups of intervention (splint, Fateh hand therapy, and exercise) and the control group (splint only). Each person in the intervention group received about 7 minutes of soft tissue manipulation for 6 sessions and performed two active exercises at home daily. Symptom severity and functional capacity were assessed with the Boston questionnaire, pain intensity, and electrodiagnostic findings at the beginning and tenth week, and patient satisfaction in the tenth week of the experiment.
Results: Data of 51 patients, all-female (68 hands), were analyzed. The age distribution was the same in both groups. In the intervention group, we saw a significant improvement in symptom severity and functional capacity compared to the control group (P-value<0.05). In addition, pain changes in the intervention group were significantly more than in the control group (P-value<0.05). The values â€‹â€‹of electrodiagnostic variables at the beginning and end of the design were not significantly different between the two groups (P-value>0.05). Comparison of changes in these values â€‹â€‹did not show a significant difference between the two groups (P-value>0.05). Satisfaction in the intervention group was significantly higher (P-value<0.05).
Conclusion: Fateh method is effective in reducing the symptoms of mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome.
Obesity, Quality of Sleep and Anxiety in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhusseini Noara Khaled , Elaasser Basant , Alshaar Bushra , Alyousof Shahd , Boukhet Susan , Omair Aamir
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aim is to determine an association between obesity levels, quality of sleep, and anxiety among the Saudi population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was used by distributing an online questionnaire via social media channels to the Saudi population. We used the body mass index (BMI) to assess body fat, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder â€“ 7 (GAD-7). Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to test associations with a p-value of less than 0.05.
Results: We received a total of 1123 respondents and the majority (61%) were obese and overweight. According to the GAD-7 score, 17% had severe anxiety; the PSQI score was 8.42 +3.45, indicating overall poor sleep quality. Underweight respondents had higher moderate (25%) and severe (26%) anxiety as compared to those with normal or higher BMI (14%-18%) (p=0.002). PSQI scores were higher for obese (8.9+3.6) and overweight (8.6+3.4) respondents as compared to underweight (7.5+3.0) (p=0.001). Persons with severe (10.4+3.6) or moderate (9.7+3.7) anxiety had higher PSQI scores as compared to those with minimal anxiety (6.8+2.7) (p<0.001).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between obesity, sleep, and anxiety. Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with anxiety and poor sleep quality in Saudi Arabia.
The supply of cellular energy by changing in diet and life-style a possible treatment for uterine myoma and cyst: A case report
Authors: Akbari Hassan , Heydarolad Khadije
Published: September 2021

Uterine myoma and cervical cyst are common benign tumors. If the size is too large or the symptoms are severe or get worse, the patient will receive surgery or hormone therapy. A 68 years old woman presented to a hospital in Iran with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). After performing sonography and suitable imaging, the patient was diagnosed with cervical cyst and uterine myoma. The patient was a candidate for a hysterectomy.  The patient was not willing to do surgery. We tried a traditional medicine approach for this case. We recommended the lifestyle change by following the health triangle instruction that is based on six essential principles.  These principles are as following: eating and drinking according to temperament, proper sleeping and awaking, correct motion and motionless, retention and vomiting, mental disorders. She received traditional medicine treatment including dietary and lifestyle change, using vaginal honey and olive oil, Frasion sodden, Aftimoni honey vinegar, Docein, horsehair sodden and phlebotomy, wet cupping and dry cupping on specific regions. The treatment course was 4 months long. The complete cure of cervical cyst and reduction in the size of myoma and bleeding was resulted. And the patient had no problem.
About the Benefits of Borrowing Managerial Approaches or About the New National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shamakhov V. A.
Published: September 2021

.
Model Tools for Strategic Planning of Industrial Enterprise Development: Methodological Aspect
Authors: Rosenkov M. A.
Published: September 2021

The Issus of organizing the strategic planning of the activities of defense enterprises are considered. The methodological study of the research Is. made it possible to defne strategic planning as a dynamic set of interrelated management processes, endowing the category with efciency and the ability to adjust. The organization of a completely new ecosystem confguration of relationships with the establishment of a strategic alliance of the participants is proposed, which is most relevant in the feld of close state interest. Conceptual approaches of value-oriented integration of functional areas of stakeholders have been formed, designed to ensure the coordinated movement of information, knowledge and other ﬂows in real time according to the vector of the strategic direction of the ecosystem development
The Role of Administrative Modernization in Shaping Tax Moral to Increase Taxpayer Compliance: Case Study in Madiun, Indonesia
Authors: Ubaidillah Moh , Amah Nik
Published: September 2021

The study presented in this paper aimed to find out and obtain empirical evidence about the role of administrative modernization of the tax collector entity in shaping tax morals to improve private individual taxpayer compliance. Sampling in this study used the purposive sampling method, which resulted in a sample of 244 respondents in the city of Madiun (Indonesia). Data analysis was conducted by means of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results showed that morals were positively influential towards taxpayer compliance. Furthermore, high morals positively influence the taxpayer’s compliance with the modernization of the tax collector administration as moderation variables.
Valorización inmobiliaria regional y escenario post-COVID-19. El caso de la Quebrada de Humahuaca, Argentina
Authors: Braticevic Sergio
Published: September 2021

El objetivo del presente escrito es analizar el proceso de valorización inmobiliaria regional, donde se toma como caso testigo a la Quebrada de Humahuaca (Argentina). La hipótesis de trabajo se plantea a partir del redireccionamiento de excedentes de capital hacia la esfera inmobiliaria, con la resultante transformación en las condiciones de hábitat. En consecuencia, se realiza un estudio multiescalar donde se demuestra cómo el mercado inmobiliario se nutre con inversiones de refugio de valor, ante un contexto de alta inflación o de sobreabundancia de capital. Para el ejemplo estudiado, se presenta una serie de precios entre 2004 y 2018. Así, se concluye que el incremento de los valores de la tierra en el espacio objeto se origina en las dos razones mencionadas, a la que se le suma el crecimiento turístico desde su declaración como Patrimonio de la Humanidad (Unesco). Para finalizar, se indaga sobre los posibles escenarios post-COVID-19, en el marco de baja de los precios inmobiliarios y una fuerte depresión de la economía global; en especial para el área examinada, que presenta una enorme dependencia de la industria del turismo.
Apresentação: Um Mundo em Recomposição: Uma Análise Antropológica das Novas Formas de Regulação e Certificação de Objetos e Pessoas na Contemporaneidade
Authors: Falcão (Fiocruz) Hully Guedes , Mota (UFF) Fabio Reis , Blanc (UFES) Manuela Vieira , Cuervo (Seeduc-RJ) Gabriela de Lima
Published: September 2021

Neste dossiê, apresentamos pesquisas qualitativas e, especialmente, etnografias que colocam sob descrição e análise os mecanismos de controle, certificação e reconhecimento dos bens materiais e humanos nas sociedades contemporâneas por meio de novas formas de classificação existentes atualmente. Ao trazer sob exame este movimento padronizador dos mecanismos e critérios de conformação destas arenas públicas, o olhar antropológico se apresenta como uma ferramenta fundamental para avançar em direções que permitam desvelar as diferentes articulações, adequações, composições e ressignificações acerca dessas normatividades estandardizadas. Neste sentido, os artigos apresentados evidenciam controvérsias envolvendo grupos que criam críticas e justificações para aderir, denunciar e se reapropriar destas regulações, a partir de seus próprios esquemas cognitivos e culturais O texto de apresentação se organizará da seguinte maneira: na primeira parte discorremos sobre como nos aproximamos da temática a partir da construção de redes e intercâmbios acadêmicos, para depois desenvolvermos e explicarmos no que consiste a governança pela norma ou por standards. Após esse exercício de contextualização, discutimos como essas questões se apresentam no âmbito das classificações e avaliações que envolvem a produção de conhecimento científico e a conformação de mercados e, também, no contexto urbano, através da padronização do espaço público e de controle das pessoas.
The coping strategies of community pharmacists and pharmaceutical services provided during COVID-19 in Malaysia
Authors: Kua Kok Pim , Lee Shaun
Published: September 2021

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has
resulted in profound health challenges across the globe. Pharmacists’
readiness to cope with the pandemic is critical in supporting and
sustaining the healthcare workforce to meet the challenges.

Objective This study aims to examine community pharmacists’
views on their work environment, policies, and preparedness for safe
retail patronage to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 and assess the
variables influencing coping strategies during the pandemic.

Setting An online survey of pharmacists practicing in community
pharmacy setting in Malaysia.

Method A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was
conducted in Malaysia to evaluate coping strategies of community
pharmacists and pharmaceutical services provided during COVID-19
pandemic. Between May 1 and July 31, 2020, the questionnaire was
distributed to pharmacists working in community setting nationwide
utilizing a snowball sampling method.

Main outcome measure Community pharmacists’ perceptions on
safety, resilience, organizational support, and pharmaceutical services
offered during COVID-19 pandemic.

Results A total of 217 pharmacists participated in the study.
The vast majority of community pharmacists reported a positive outlook
and were able to balance working with self-care during this period. Most
reported to have access to personal protective equipment such as gloves
and hand sanitizers. A large proportion of community pharmacies also
installed physical barriers in doorways or in front of the counter, put
markings on the ground to section areas to ensure physical distancing,
and controlled the number of customers who could access the pharmacy
during this period. Innovations reported to be implemented included
teleconsultations and providing curb-side or drive-through delivery and
pickup services.

Conclusion The findings suggest the frontline and essential
roles of community pharmacists in delivering pandemic responses,
creating the opportunity to determine areas where community pharmacy
services can be incorporated to strengthen the public health system and
improve patient health outcomes.
Evaluation Of Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life In Children With Hematological Malignances
Authors: kilic munevver , Yilmaz Sevcihan Gunen
Published: September 2021

Objective: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, used to treat childhood
hematological malignancies (HM), can negatively impact oral tissues and
organs. This study aimed to evaluate oral health-related quality of life
in children with HM. Material and Methods: A total of 99 children,
including 49 undergoing HM (41 for acute lymphocytic leukemia, 8 for
acute myelocytic leukemia,) and 50 healthy volunteers, were included in
this cross-sectional study. The mean age of the entire study group was
78.63 ± 34.41 months. The mean age of the HM and control groups was
87.12 ± 35.04 and 70.95 ± 34.85 months, respectively. The Simplified
Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI), Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth
(DMFT/dmft) index, and Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral
Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-T) were administered to all children. The
data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Results: The age
and gender distributions of the two groups were similar. The SOHI was
significantly higher in the HM group, whereas the DMFT/dmft score was
similar between the groups. No significant difference in the total
ECOHIS-T score was observed between the two groups, but there was a
group difference in the responses to questions on pain and psychological
processes. Conclusions: Oral health and self-care were negatively
affected by childhood HM and the treatment thereof. Close clinical
dental follow-up of such patients is required.
ADB Annual Report 2020
Authors:   Asian Development Bank
Published: September 2021

本年度报告总结了亚行2020年的业务和财务状况，在面对新冠肺炎疫情带来的巨大挑战之年，亚行为其发展中成员体提供了支持。
Theoretical calculation of newly synthesized tetrazolopyrimidine derivatives as a potential corrosion inhibitor
Authors: Ergan Erdem , Seker Nurullah , Akbas Begum , Akbas Esvet
Published: September 2021

In this work, we wanted to define a general and comprehensive strategy for the synthesis of tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives. For this purpose, we obtained new tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine molecules via the mercurypromoted desulfurization reaction, including hydrolysis, cyclizations, and eliminations. All of the molecules were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C- -NMR, and elemental analysis. On the other hand, the potentials of compounds as corrosion inhibitors were calculated at B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level via density functional theory (DFT).
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: Comparison of Gastric Bypass, Sleeve Gastrectomy, and Usual Care
Authors: Aminian Ali , Wilson Rickesha , Zajichek Alexander , Tu Chao , Wolski Kathy E. , Schauer Philip R. , Kattan Michael W. , Nissen Steven E. , Brethauer Stacy A.
Published: September 2021

Objective: To determine which one of the two most
common metabolic surgical procedures is associated with greater reduction in
risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2
diabetes (T2DM) and obesity.

Research Design and Methods: A total of 13,490 patients including 1,362
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), 693 sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and 11,435
matched non-surgical patients with T2DM and obesity who received their care at
the Cleveland Clinic (1998-2017) were analyzed with follow-up through December
2018. Multivariable Cox regression analysis estimated time to incident extended
MACE, defined as first occurrence of coronary artery events, cerebrovascular
events, heart failure, nephropathy, atrial fibrillation, and all-cause
mortality.

Results: The cumulative incidence of the primary
endpoint at 5 years was 13.7% [95%CI 11.4-15.9] in the RYGB groups and 24.7%
[95%CI 19.0-30.0] in the SG group with an adjusted HR of 0.77 [95%CI 0.60 to
0.98], p=0.04. Of the 6 individual endpoints, RYGB was associated with a
significantly lower cumulative incidence of nephropathy at 5 years compared
with SG (2.8% vs 8.3%, respectively); HR 0.47 [95%CI 0.28-0.79], p=0.005.
Furthermore, RYGB was associated with a greater reduction in body weight, glycated
hemoglobin, and use of medications to treat diabetes and cardiovascular
diseases. Five years after RYGB, patients required more upper endoscopy (45.8%
vs 35.6%, p<0.001) and abdominal surgical procedures (10.8% vs 5.4%,
p=0.001) compared with SG.

Conclusion: In patients with obesity and T2DM, RYGB may
be associated with greater weight loss, better diabetes control, and lower risk
of MACE and nephropathy compared with SG.
The Subaltern Would Speak: Palimpsestic Identities in Nuruddin Farah’s ‘Blood in the Sun’ Trilogy
Authors: Abdelgawad Dr. Naeema
Published: September 2021

Nuruddin Farah’s ‘Blood in the Sun’ trilogy is a socio-political voyage into the Somali life and consciousness. It is a serious attempt to explore the changes that befell the Somali society and converted into a poor, failure and famine struck state in the present though it was a powerful and rich state in the past. The trilogy is a documentation of the history of Somalia from a philosophical standpoint; it delves into clan and ethnic traditions and, at the same time, expounds the adverse consequences of colonisation that have been invoked by the first wave of the ‘Rush to Africa’ in the nineteenth century. The article is an endeavour to underline the complex status of subalternity of the Somalis whose palimpsestic historical and political situation forced a palimpsestic identity. Farah’s ‘Blood in the Sun’ trilogy enfolds three novels; i.e. Maps (1986), Gifts (1993), and Secrets (1998) which are reflective of the current failure social and political situation which negatively influences the identity of the natives. The article hopes to be the kernel of further studies handling the complex postcolonial identity of the Somalis from a historical-political perspective.