bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Nail Art Design Implementation Technique Applying the Color Trend of Idol Groups
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Park Sohyun , Kwon Ki Han
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the technique by implementing an empirical work on whether the image concept of an idol, who has recently gained popularity not only in Korea but also globally, can be applied to nail art. According to Wikipedia, the most popular BTS (BTS) is a group that debuted in 2013, and their image is imprinted on the public. In addition, 19 idol groups debuted in 2020, 10 in 2021, and 5 in 2022. The work to be created will be explained by applying Dr. Eva Hiller's psychological definition of color by deriving the color, saturation, brightness, composition, and design that constitute the image concept of these groups. Also, the nail art technique applied to the work to be created will be explained. Through this study, I would like to present a major creative technique that will suggest the shared growth of the nail art industry in accordance with the market growth of idol groups.
A Study on Influence of Different Systems in Foreigner’s Home Country on Crime
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Shin Jaehun
Published: November 2022

This paper examined the crimes committed by the foreigners, explored how the foreigners living in Korea commit crimes due to the different systems in their own countries, and tried to come up with corresponding measures. To achieve the purpose, this paper referred to the related preceding researches and statistical data. Among the crimes committed by foreigners, the violent crimes showed difference depending on the systems of the criminal’s home country. The foreigners from the countries including the United States, Japan, Taiwan, Canada, and Philippines that adopted the liberal market economy system showed relatively higher violent crime rate compared to the foreigners from the countries including China, Mongolia, Vietnam, and Russia that adopted socialist market economy system. In addition, the foreigners from Uzbekistan showed higher violent crime rate among the Islamic countries aside from the system.
A Study on Influences of LiFE Selection Factors: Focusing on the Social Support's Moderate Effect
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ahn Hyun Yong
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine what is the main selection factor in Lifelong Education at universities for the Future Education(LiFE), Furthermore, the examination of the role of social support for adult learners is through the moderating effect. As a result, the factors affecting the learning performance of adult learners were social reputation and academic factors. Factors influencing university satisfaction were individual characteristics such as gender and age and university selection factors were found to be social reputation and quality of education. Finally, as for the moderating effect of social support. it was found that social support had a positive moderating effect between social reputation and learning outcomes, financial excellence and learning outcomes, and educational quality and learning outcomes. it was found that the degree of learning outcomes of adult learners can vary depending on the degree of social support. This study empirically examines which selection factors affect the future development and operation of LiFE.
The Perceptions of Cities and the Expressions of Emotions in Popular Songs: With a Focus on Lyrics in Cho Yong-pil's Songs
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, HUR YOUNG JIN
Published: November 2022

This study set out to examine the perceptions of cities and the patterns of emotional expressions in popular songs by analyzing lyrics in Cho Yong-pil's songs. There have been researches on cities and urbanization conducted by each field of society, but the field of popular songs, which sang about cities and the lives of city dwellers earlier than the other fields, has not seen active efforts on such researches. Based on the complete enumeration of songs released by Cho Yong-pil for the last 50 years, the present study thus selected his songs that were about cities and city dwellers and analyzed them according to the topics of “lyrics showing the perceptions of cities as historical time and space,” “lyrics representing what were in cities where light and dark coexist and in city dwellers,” and “lyrics expressing the perceptions of love and parting in cities and the popular sentiments.”
A Case Study of Performance Applying a Virtual Space : Focusing on the  Which Applied MR
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Jungyeon
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study is to examine the case of space expansion in the performance “Lucid Dream” which choreographed using virtual space and to discover the infinite possibility of development of the performance form in the future. The research method is based on the literature review for examination of the change in the concept of space in performances. In addition, in order to choreograph works in a virtual space, the production and possibilities of works were specified through development meetings with experts in each field, and the meaning of cases was derived through experts. As a result, first, audience participation-type performances using the virtual world can increase the immersion of the work by expanding the role as a participant, not just a viewer. Second, a true convergence of art and technology was presented in the process of dance choreography. It is meaningful in that it not only expanded the area of dance expression by drawing virtual space into the discussion, but also led to a change in the role of the audience to participation rather than viewing.
Character Personality and Usage Strategies for the Animated Series Featuring New Guest Characters in Each Episode: Based on the Analysis of “The Octonauts” and “Mom Katuri”
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeon MinSeok
Published: November 2022

In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of the characters in similar types of animations  and  to find out how they are set and used. As an analysis tool, Enneagram was used, and after dividing the characters of the two works into main, auxiliary, and guest characters, personality types were derived by substituting them into nine types of Enneagram, how each work uses the characters, and the usage strategy was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, a number of characters were set as the main characters in both works, and a unique personality was given, and they were used as an important role in the progress of the play. While  was actively used by setting various personalities for various auxiliary characters, guest characters were used as auxiliary characters without individuality, and  was very small in setting and using auxiliary characters, but it was found that guest characters were actively used by giving them various personalities.
A Study on Translated Manuscript of “Journey to the West” from the Suncheon Silib Ppuligipeunnamu Museum
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Young
Published: November 2022

This paper was to investigate the material value and meaning of Volume 1 of “Journey to the West” in the Suncheon silib Ppuligipeunnamu Museum. Specifically, it was analyzed by dividing it into bibliographic features, estimation of when transcribed, and translation features. It was estimated that “Journey to the West”, in the collection of the Suncheon silib Ppuligipeunnamu Museum, was highly likely to be a royal material considering its appearance and structure. Although the transcription was made in the 19th century, it was judged that the actual translation took place earlier than this, as some suffixes and vocabularies appearing in the 17th and 18th century documents were found. The original translation is the Ming Dynasty version, and among them, it was close to “Lizhuowu Critique of Journey to the West”. Most of the translation features were omitted or abbreviated by focusing on the rapid development of the narrative, and some mistranslations were also confirmed during the transcription process. In addition, as a result of comparison with Yeungnam University's “Journey to the West” belonging to the same translation family, “Journey to the West” at the Suncheon silib Ppuligipeunnamu Museum showed a more similar translation pattern to the original Chinese version.
A Study on Beginner Korean Speaking Education Using Metaverse: Focusing on Metaverse Platform ZEP
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Bareun , Choi Eun-Kyung
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to propose an effective teaching method for speaking classes for beginner Korean learners by using metaverse, which has a high sense of reality and interaction and resolves spatial limitations. For this, the metaverse platform ZEP was selected and the value of educational use was thoroughly reviewed. In this study, 10 maps that can be used in  and beginner textbooks of D University Institute of Korean Language(DIKL) were selected, and practical educational methods to improve speaking ability were presented. This study is meaningful in that it examined the educational use of the metaverse platform ZEP, which has not been addressed in Korean language education, and prepared an educational plan to improve the speaking ability of beginner Korean learners by supplementing the shortcomings of online real-time and face-to-face classes with metaverse.
Aspects of A Study on the Multi Presentational Metaphor Education Using Online Telestration
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Jungmin , Lee Wongyoung
Published: November 2022

This study is an attempt to propose a multiple representational metaphor education model that combines linguistic representation and visual representation using online telestration. The advent of the media and online era has incorporated not only the understanding of linguistic representation l but also the understanding of visual representation into an important phase of cognitive behavior and requires the implementation of online learning. In such an era's needs, it can be said that teaching-learning makes metaphors be used as a tool for thinking and cognition in an online environment, learning leads learners to a new horizon of perception by combining linguistic representation and visual representation. The multiple representational metaphor education model using online telestration will have a two-way dynamic interaction in an online environment, and it will be possible to improve learning capabilities by expressing various representations. Multiple representational metaphor education using online telestration will allow us to consider new perspectives and various possibilities of expression to interpret the world by converging and rephrasing verbal and visual representations using media in an online environment.
A Story and Classic Novels Education as the ‘Jeju’ Subject
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Koh Eunyeong
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 has bridged the digital divide, enabling classes via the Internet to be available both at home and at school. Cellphone-based educational content is equipped with the ability for users to use authoring tools to create and save documents, insert, resize, and position images of text. In stories and classic novels, texts about Jeju Island were adopted as examples, and it became a work that could spatialize the story. This is because, if space becomes the center, it is possible to set up a virtual space with the concept of time similar to reality, and by using the classics as text, it is possible to secure a relationship with the physical real space. I think that the attempt to apply the attributes of “education” and “village” to the virtual space will be the content of the “Jeju” subject. It is hoped that the concepts of education and the village will break away from the passive relationship with the learner, that dynamic relationships will be established, that education will be the experience, and that the embodied village will be embodied.
The Crossover Study Regarding the Idea of Self-organization in Organicism by Immanuel Kant and Fractal Theory: The Aesthetic Premise on Organisms, Life, and Infinity
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Jaegeol
Published: November 2022

This study aims to focus on the possibility of the connection between Immanuel Kant’s organicism, which decides on an organism with a natural purpose based on the idea of “self-organization,” and the fractal theory by Benoît Mandelbrot and traces the complexities of life in nature that go beyond the mechanical casual relationships by incorporating the implications of the two theories as an aesthetic premise. The fractal theory pays great attention to the simple geometric order hidden behind the complexity of the natural phenomena and explains that the whole and part of the whole are intensely and closely related in terms of genesis. Even though Kant lived through an era when the fractal theory had not been established, his theological view of nature reliably predicts the process of ‘self similarity-mutual feedback-self organization’.
The Factors Affecting of Death Anxiety on Psychological Well-being of the Elderly in Home
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Nam Heesoo , Jin Bonghee , Lee Jongim
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of a sense of self-integration in the relationship between death anxiety the qualit psychological well-being for the elderly people in their homes. First, it was found that death anxiety of the elderly at home had a negative (-) effect on psychological well-being. In addition, it was verified that among the sub-variables of death anxiety, anxiety in the death process and anxiety in the post-consequence had a negative (-) effect on psychological well-being. Second, it was found that death anxiety had a negative (-) effect on psychosocial stress, a parameter. In addition, among the sub-factors of death anxiety, anxiety in the death process and anxiety in the outcome after death showed a negative (-) effect on psychosocial stress. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the anxiety of loss of existence had no significant effect on psychosocial stress. Third, it was found that psychological stress mediates death anxiety and psychological well-being. These research results are the results of increased psychological well-being when psychosocial stress in old age is reduced.
A Case Study on the Creativity and Convergence Project in Extracurricular Program
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kwon Miae , Kim Mikyung
Published: November 2022

This study attempted to obtain implications for the development of creative convergence education in universities by analyzing the performance of participants in the creative convergence project. The results of analyzing the participants' perception and performance of their educational experiences are as follows. First, it was found that participants were all positively aware of their project performance experience. Second, the satisfaction level of the results of each team was high, and the satisfaction level of help was high when participating in other projects in the future. Third, overall satisfaction with project participation and operation was high. Through this study, the effectiveness of creative convergence education was explored, and implications for creative convergence education could be obtained.
Art Education through Three-Dimensional Art: The Possibility of Art Play
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kang Taehwan
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the trend of elementary art education through three-dimensional art, and examines the expansion and possibility of elementary art education through the possibility of art play that can arouse interest and interest, not merely an educational infusion-type education. In the contemporary elementary art, experience, expression, and appreciation are emphasized, and the interest and interest of learners and children is emerging as an important factor. Through this, we investigated the possibility of understanding contemporary art from various angles and three-dimensionality and communicating through all the senses of the body as well as simply visual elements in art appreciation and experience. Through elementary art education, the development of creativity that can understand objects and objects that are closely related to our daily lives as aesthetic objects and implement them as works is meaningful in this study in that children can apply expanded thinking not only in art but also in other fields.
A Study on the Effect of Entrepreneurship of University Students on Social Venture Startup Intention: Verification of Mediating Effect of Global Mind
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kwon Hyuk , Im Jinhyuk
Published: November 2022

This study conducted a survey on 175 J University college students from October 12 to 17, 2021 in order to find out how entrepreneurship of college students affects their intention to start a social venture. It was obtained and empirically analyzed using SPSS statistical program. As a result of the study, first, entrepreneurship was found to be a very significant factor in the intention to start a social venture. Among the components of entrepreneurship, innovation and risk tolerance were found to be significant, but initiative was not. Second, entrepreneurship had a significant effect on the global mind, but risk tolerance and initiative among the subcomponents of entrepreneurship did not significantly affect the global mind. Third, it was analyzed that the global mind did not have a significant effect on the intention to start a social venture, and the mediating effect of the global mind could not be confirmed when entrepreneurship had an effect on the intention to start a social venture.
A Study on the Handwritings and Seals of Portraits and Flower-Bird-Animal Paintings of Chae Yongshin(1850-1941)
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Chung Kyungsook
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to set the criteria on Portrait and Flower-bird-animal paintings of Chae Yongshin(1850-1941). To establish the purpose, 33 pieces of Portrait paintings and 12 pieces of Flower-bird-animal paintings were selected and analyzed in terms of the handwritings of articles and seals. There was no significant similarity between the handwritings of selected works and Chae Yongshin’ letter. The results showed that there must be others who wrote the articles on the works instead of Chae Yongshin. Even though this study didn’t get a satisfying result, it put meaning to consider and collect the handwriting and seals as database for future usage. A follow-up research on the painting style in Flower-bird-animal paintings of Chae Yongshin will be proceeded soon.
ANALISIS FAKTOR INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PT. TOYOTA HADJI KALLA TOYOTA KENDARI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sarita Kiki Fatimah , Akib Mulyati , Husin Husin , Ahmad Ahmad , Armawadin Muhammad , Mirosea Nitri
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi menganalisis faktor internal dan faktor eksternal dari PT. Hadji Kalla Toyota Kendari  dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan selama masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan mendapatkan gambaran dan keterangan-keterangan terkait strategi pengembangan usaha dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 pada PT. Hadji Kalla Toyota Kendari. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Alat analisis penelitian ini adalah analisis Stength, Weakness, Opportunities, dan Threats (SWOT). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Faktor Internal pada PT. Hadji Kalla Toyota Kendari terdiri dari a)Kekuatan yang mencakup aspek tempat, jasa pelayanan dan fasilitas,  kualitas pelayanan jasa dan kualitas SDM yang handal dan b)Kelemahan, yang mencakup harga jasa pelayanan yang mahal dan waktu penyelesaian servisi yang panjang, sementara faktor Eksternal PT. Hadji Kalla Toyota Kendari terdiri dari a)Peluang, yang mencakup pangsa pasar yang terbuka lebar, promosi dan diskon menarik, dan dukungan pemerintah, dan b)Tantangan, yang mencakup Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap industri otomotif, dan tantangan dari competitor lain.Kata Kunci : Analisis SWOT, Identifikasi faktor, Sektor Otomotif
PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL DALAM NEGERI DAN PENANAMAN MODAL ASING TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTORAL DI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Rachman Arief , Muthalib Abd. Azis , Rosnawintang Rosnawintang , Harafah LM
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis: (1).Pengaruh investasi Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri) terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. (2) Pengaruh investasi Penanaman Modal Asing terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis deskriptif statistik, dan analisis regresi berganda data panel. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN) berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Artinya peningkatan investasi dalam negeri dapat meningkatkan penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. (2)  Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Artinya peningkatan investasi dari luar negeri dapat meningkatkan penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara namun peningkatannya relatif kecil. Kata Kunci: Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri, Penanaman Modal Asing, Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektoral
PENGARUH JUMLAH PENDUDUK, PENDIDIKAN DAN KEMISKINAN TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI KABUPATEN/KOTA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Arfian Arfian , Harafah La Ode Muhammad , Balaka Muhammah Yani , Aedy Hasan , Saranani Fajar , Rumbia Wali Aya
Published: November 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh jumlah penduduk, Pendidikan dan kemiskinan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yang berjumlah 14 Kabupaten/Kota. Sedangkan periode penelitian selama 5 tahun (2016-2020). Jenis penelitian ini adalah verifikatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dalam model regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penduduk tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. pendidikan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Kemiskinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Ketimpangan pendapatan Secara simultan jumlah penduduk, pendidikan dan kemiskinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Kata Kunci: Ketimpangan, data panel
ANALISIS INTERAKSI SPASIAL KETENAGAKERJAAN ANTAR KABUPATEN/KOTA DI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Marhum Marhum , Syarif Muhammad , Boni Yohanes , Saenong Zainudin , Rostin Rostin
Published: November 2022

Studi ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui dan menganalisis interaksi spasial pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketenagakerjaan antar Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi interaksi spasial pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketenagakerjaan antar Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Indeks Moran’s  dan Skalogram.                Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengggara dan sekitarnya terindikasi adanya keterkaitan dalam perkembangan ketenagakerjaan, Artinya suatu wilayah Kabupaten/Kota tidak berdiri sendiri dalam menyerap tenagakerja, tetapi dipengaruhi oleh tenagakerja yang ada di wilayah sekitarnya. (2) Kelengkapan fasilitas yang dimiliki oleh setiap wilayah Kabupaten/Kota belum sepenuhnya mampu berpengaruh terhadap interaksi spasial pertumbuhan ekonomi antar Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Sedangkan kelengkapan fasilitas yang dimiliki setiap wilayah Kabupaten/Kota sudah berpengaruh terhadap interaksi spasial ketenagakerjaan antar Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Kata Kunci: Interaksi Spasial, Ketenagakerjaan, Indeks Morans
FAKTOR FAKTOR EFEKTIFITAS SISTEM PEMBAYARAN PAJAK MELALUI SISTEM E-BILLING PADA DINAS SUMBER DAYA AIR DAN BINA MARGA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Syamsi Nur , Arifuddin Arifuddin , Saranani Fajar , Dali Nasrullah , Gamsir Gamsir
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tingkat efektifitas e-billing sistem dan faktor-faktor yang memperkuat atau melemahkan peran sisitem pembayaran pajak. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Dinas Sumber Daya Air dan Bina Marga Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yaitu data belanja modal tahun 2016-2020.Analisis yang digunakan statistic deskriptif dan teknik word cloud.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa karakter kemudahan proses layanan 54% dan karakter kemudahan akses 77% berpengaruh sangat efektif sedangkan adalah karakteristik operasional sistem 57%,karakteristik proses yang cepat 47%, dan karakteristik kemutakhiran sistem 58% berpengaruh cukup efektif.Adanya unsur keamanan, akurat, canggih, proses cepat, dan efektif dalam pemanfaatan sistem e-billing menjadi faktor-faktor dominan yang mendukung penguatan peran sisitem e-billing. Sedangkan aspek tanpa rekaman riwayat transaksi, operasional yang rumit, rentan terinveksi virus, keamanan jaringan, dan sering error menjadi faktor-faktor dominan yang melemahkan peran sistem e-billing dalam meningkatkan minat wajib pajak dalam bertransaksi.              Kata Kunci: Sistem e-billing, Efektivitas Kepatuhan, Efektivitas Transaksi
Evaluation of the lactic acid bacteria based formulated probiotic product for poultry
Authors: Al-Surrayai T. , Al-Khalaifah H. , Al-Mansour H. , Kishk M. , Al-Mutairi A. , Sultan H. , Al-Saleem H.
Published: November 2022

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a new probiotic product developed to reduce the effect of Salmonella infections and compared it to the efficacy of commercial probiotics in broiler chicken. Based on the in vitro assessment of the growth characteristics and safety to human health, four bacterial isolates were isolated, characterized, and identified as excellent candidates for the development of commercial probiotic feed additives for poultry. Compatibility and interactions among the four selected strains were investigated. After that, a preliminary study was conducted in which the selected isolates were evaluated individually in vivo with three different methods of application (water, feed, and oral gavage). The cycle included N = 312 chicks, which were divided into 13 groups, including control, distributed into four batteries, with 78 broiler chickens in each battery. There were eight replicates with 24 chicks in each replicate, and the analysis was randomly done in triplicate. The intentional parameters were growth performance, microbial analysis and humoral immune response. The results of the preliminary study assisted in formulating the new probiotic product. Then In vivo evaluations for the newly formulated product were performed with the comparison with two imported commercial products (Alterion and Galli pro fit) used in poultry farms in Kuwait. The second cycle included N = 96 chicks that were divided into four groups, including control. Each group has three replicates and each replicate has eight chicks, and the analysis was randomly done in triplicate. The results showed that although antibiotics were not used, all the growth parameters were similar and sometimes better than the control. The new product inhibited the growth of salmonella as a control and all chickens in different treatment gained a high mass of meat. The statistical analysis showed that no differences were observed in bird weight, weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency between bacterial strains p>0.05. Also, the different probiotic treatments did not affect the total antibody IgM titers significantly in the broilers (P > 0.05). Thus, the newly formulated product was effective in reducing the salmonella.
The BioExperience Research and Entrepreneurship Challenge: An iGEM-inspired applied research program for BIOSTEM talent and skills development
Authors: Gill Hertek , Ahsan Mahdi , Khalil Yara , Feng Victoria , Pearce Jessie , Sharma Tarasha , Radwan Mohamad , Boucinha Austin , Kærn Mads
Published: November 2022

Post-secondary education is falling behind in delivering the talent and skills development needed to support the growth of biology-based economies and the demands of professional and research-based graduate degree programs. Here, we describe an applied research program, the BioExperience Research and Entrepreneurship Challenge, launched in May 2020 to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate experiential learning programs at the University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The program provided undergraduates with meaningful talent and skills development opportunities by implementing a student-centred, project-based learning approach inspired by the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition. We present evidence from participant exit surveys suggesting that the program delivers a high-quality learning environment and improves learning outcomes compared to traditional work-integrated learning. Notably, 84% of respondents reported an excellent or exceptional learning experience and significant or profound improvements in skills, such as leadership (72% of respondents), problem-solving (42% of respondents) and research preparedness (52%) that are difficult to develop in conventional academic programs. Remarkably, 60% of respondents report that the job-readiness training provided by the program is better or much better than traditional work-integrated learning. Our study demonstrates that a cost-effective and scalable alternative to the iGEM competition can improve talent and skills development in BIOSTEM fields.
Recent advances in prevention, detection and treatment in prosthetic joint infections of bioactive materials
Authors: Xie Hongbin , Liu Yubo , An Haoming , Yi Jiafeng , Li Chao , Wang Xing , Chai Wei
Published: November 2022

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is often considered as one of the most common but catastrophic complications after artificial joint replacement, which can lead to surgical failure, revision, amputation and even death. It has become a worldwide problem and brings great challenges to public health systems. A small amount of microbe attaches to the graft and forms a biofilm on its surface, which lead to the PJI. The current standard methods of treating PJI have limitations, but according to recent reports, bioactive materials have potential research value as a bioactive substance that can have a wide range of applications in the field of PJI. These include the addition of bioactive materials to bone cement, the use of antibacterial and anti-fouling materials for prosthetic coatings, the use of active materials such as bioactive glasses, protamine, hydrogels for prophylaxis and detection with PH sensors and fluorescent-labelled nanoparticles, and the use of antibiotic hydrogels and targeting delivery vehicles for therapeutic purposes. This review focus on prevention, detection and treatment in joint infections with bioactive materials and provide thoughts and ideas for their future applications.
Social impact of green roofs
Authors: Nguyen Dang Hoai-Anh , Legg Rupert , Khan Aila , Wilkinson Sara , Ibbett Nicole , Doan Anh-Tuan
Published: November 2022

Green roofs are recognised as contributing towards building-related energy efficiency. Since roofs account for 20–25% of all urban surface areas, it is not surprising that such a green system can offer a sustainable solution to decreased energy consumption. The current literature on green roofs mostly focuses on the eco-benefits of such structures. A handful of research papers1 have theorised that as green roofs become more prevalent, there will be associated social outcomes for an urban community. However, empirical work in this space is minimal. This research addresses this gap and contributes to the literature by providing insights into city dwellers’ social experiences when using a green roof space. This study identified a green roof space in central Sydney, Australia: the Alumni Green at the University of Technology Sydney. The roof, containing a garden, a concrete open space and a raised grass area amounting to 1,200 m2, is above parts of the university’s library and classrooms, and is easily accessible by staff, students, and members of the public. Two members of the research team conducted surveys on site. Some green-roof users were also contacted via email. Over 128 individuals began the survey, although after removing responses that were incomplete or containing errors, 104 responses remained. The findings revealed that users, most commonly, relaxed or socialised on the green roof, with exercise a far less frequent activity. Further, those who frequented the green roof once a week or more reported significantly greater social well-being and attachment to place than those who visited less. Likewise, those who visited the green roof for periods of 30 min or more also reported greater social wellbeing. There were no significant differences between frequency and length of use and users’ perspectives on the green roof’s economic, physical, collective identity or environmental impacts. These present findings have implications for urban and landscape designers, as they reveal that green roofs have similar social and place-attachment benefits to those observed of green spaces in the literature. Given that green roofs can fit in places that parks or other open spaces often cannot, their implementation should be encouraged to promote social well-being and place attachment.
Genome-wide association analysis reveals 6 copy number variations associated with the number of cervical vertebrae in Pekin ducks
Authors: Xu Yaxi , Hu Jian , Fan Wenlei , Liu Hehe , Zhang Yunsheng , Guo Zhanbao , Huang Wei , Liu Xiaolin , Hou Shuisheng
Published: November 2022

As a critical developmental stage in vertebrates, the vertebral column formation process is under strict control; however, we observed variations in the number of cervical vertebrae in duck populations in our previous study. Here, we further explored the variations in the number of vertebrae in two duck populations: 421 Pekin duck × mallard F2 ducks and 850 Pekin ducks. Using resequencing data of 125 Pekin ducks with different numbers of cervical vertebrae and 352 Pekin duck × mallard F2 ducks with different numbers of thoracic vertebrae, we detected whole-genome copy number variations (CNVs) and implemented a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify the genetic variants related to the traits. The findings verified the existence of variations in the number of cervical vertebrae in duck populations. The number of cervical vertebrae in most ducks was 15, while that in a small number of the ducks was 14 or 16. The number of cervical vertebrae had a positive influence on the neck production, and one cervical vertebra addition could increase 11 g or 2 cm of duck neck. Genome-wide CNV association analysis identified six CNVs associated with the number of cervical vertebrae, and the associated CNV regions covered 15 genes which included WNT10A and WNT6. These findings improve our understanding of the variations in the number of vertebrae in ducks and lay a foundation for future duck breeding.
Choroidal layer segmentation in OCT images by a boundary enhancement network
Authors: Wu Wenjun , Gong Yan , Hao Huaying , Zhang Jiong , Su Pan , Yan Qifeng , Ma Yuhui , Zhao Yitian
Published: November 2022

Morphological changes of the choroid have been proved to be associated with the occurrence and pathological mechanism of many ophthalmic diseases. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive technique for imaging of ocular biological tissues, that can reveal the structure of the retinal and choroidal layers in micron-scale resolution. However, unlike the retinal layer, the interface between the choroidal layer and the sclera is ambiguous in OCT, which makes it difficult for ophthalmologists to identify with certainty. In this paper, we propose a novel boundary-enhanced encoder-decoder architecture for choroid segmentation in retinal OCT images, in which a Boundary Enhancement Module (BEM) forms the backbone of each encoder-decoder layer. The BEM consists of three parallel branches: 1) a Feature Extraction Branch (FEB) to obtain feature maps with different receptive fields; 2) a Channel Enhancement Branch (CEB) to extract the boundary information of different channels; and 3) a Boundary Activation Branch (BAB) to enhance the boundary information via a novel activation function. In addition, in order to incorporate expert knowledge into the segmentation network, soft key point maps are generated on the choroidal boundary, and are combined with the predicted images to facilitate precise choroidal boundary segmentation. In order to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method, both qualitative and quantitative evaluations are employed on three retinal OCT datasets for choroid segmentation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields better choroid segmentation performance than other deep learning approaches. Moreover, both 2D and 3D features are extracted for statistical analysis from normal and highly myopic subjects based on the choroid segmentation results, which is helpful in revealing the pathology of high myopia. Code is available at https://github.com/iMED-Lab/Choroid-segmentation.
KI effects on corrosion inhibition for 1018 steel in acid media using Medicago sativa
Authors: Rodríguez-Torres A. , Valladares-Cisneros M. G. , Saldaña Heredia A. , González-Rodríguez J. G.
Published: November 2022

Medicago sativa (M. sativa)extract is a safe and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor of 1018 steel in acid media. The inhibitor reached a maximum efficiency of 85% by using 500 ppm. In this work, we study the use of KI as an add-on to increase the inhibition efficiency ofM. sativa, as well as making the natural inhibitor competitive with the commercial ones. We evaluated the effect of halide ions through the variation of different concentrations of KI and its synergy with the extract ofM. sativaas a corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid and at different temperatures. The results were obtained through electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves, and weight loss gravimetric technique. It was found that halide ions increase the inhibition efficiency ofM. sativafrom 85 to 95% when 5 mM concentration of KI was used. The efficiency of the inhibition increases proportionally with the immersion time but reduces when the temperature increases. The addition of iodide ions (I−) revealed that it exerts a synergistic effect on the inhibition of corrosion with the extract ofM. sativa. However, when studying the metal surface using a scanning electron microscope, pitting corrosion was found.
Biorefineries: Achievements and challenges for a bio-based economy
Authors: Calvo-Flores Francisco G. , Martin-Martinez Francisco J.
Published: November 2022

Climate change, socioeconomical pressures, and new policy and legislation are driving a decarbonization process across industries, with a critical shift from a fossil-based economy toward a biomass-based one. This new paradigm implies not only a gradual phasing out of fossil fuels as a source of energy but also a move away from crude oil as a source of platform chemicals, polymers, drugs, solvents and many other critical materials, and consumer goods that are ubiquitous in our everyday life. If we are to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, crude oil must be substituted by renewable sources, and in this evolution, biorefineries arise as the critical alternative to traditional refineries for producing fuels, chemical building blocks, and materials out of non-edible biomass and biomass waste. State-of-the-art biorefineries already produce cost-competitive chemicals and materials, but other products remain challenging from the economic point of view, or their scaled-up production processes are still not sufficiently developed. In particular, lignin’s depolymerization is a required milestone for the success of integrated biorefineries, and better catalysts and processes must be improved to prepare bio-based aromatic simple molecules. This review summarizes current challenges in biorefinery systems, while it suggests possible directions and goals for sustainable development in the years to come.
Update on gut microbiota in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Qian Buyun , Zhang Kaiyu , Li Yuan , Sun Kangyun
Published: November 2022

In recent years, due to the development and widespread utilization of metagenomic sequencing and metabolomics, the relationship between gut microbiota and human cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has received extensive attention. A growing number of studies have shown a strong relationship between gut microbiota and CVDs, such as coronary atherosclerosis, hypertension (HTN) and heart failure (HF). It has also been revealed that intestinal flora-related metabolites, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids (BAs), are also related to the development, prevention, treatment and prognosis of CVDs. In this review, we presented and summarized the recent findings on the relationship between gut microbiota and CVDs, and concluded several currently known gut microbiota-related metabolites and the occurrence and development of CVDs.
Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward
Authors: Minja Neema W. , Nakagaayi Doreen , Aliku Twalib , Zhang Wanzhu , Ssinabulya Isaac , Nabaale Juliet , Amutuhaire Willington , de Loizaga Sarah R. , Ndagire Emma , Rwebembera Joselyn , Okello Emmy , Kayima James
Published: November 2022

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epidemiological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseases- leading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality.
Baseline mitochondrial DNA copy number and heart failure incidence and its role in overall and heart failure mortality in middle-aged women
Authors: Sundquist Kristina , Sundquist Jan , Wang Xiao , Palmer Karolina , Memon Ashfaque A.
Published: November 2022

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death in both men and women. However, risk factors seem to differ for men and women and significant gaps in sex-specific knowledge exist. Mitochondria are critical for cardiomyocytes and in this study, we investigated the role of baseline mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) in HF incidence in middle-aged women and its possible role in the association between myocardial infarction (MI) and HF. Finally, we also investigated whether baseline mtDNA-CN was associated with overall and HF mortality. Baseline levels of mtDNA-CN were quantified by droplet digital PCR in a population-based follow-up study of middle-aged (50–59 years) Swedish women (n = 2,508). The median follow-up period was 17 years. Levels of mtDNA-CN were associated with age, BMI, alcohol, smoking, education, physical activity and lipid biomarkers. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders showed that each standard deviation decrease of baseline mtDNA-CN was associated with higher incidence of HF (HR = 1.34; 95% CI=1.11–1.63). Similar results were obtained when mtDNA-CN levels were categorized into quartiles with lowest vs. highest quartile showing the highest risk of HF incidence (HR = 2.04 95% CI=1.14; 3.63). We could not detect any role of mtDNA-CN in the association between MI and HF incidence. Lower baseline mtDNA-CN levels were associated with both overall (HR = 1.27; 95% CI=1.10–1.46) and HF mortality (HR = 1.93; 95% CI=1.04–3.60); however, in multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounders, the higher risks of HF mortality were no longer significant (HR=1.57; 95% CI=0.85–2.90). In conclusion, low baseline mtDNA-CN is an easily quantifiable molecular risk factor for HF incidence and may be a risk factor for overall and HF-related mortality.