bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental leave within the broader employment trajectory
Authors: Zhelyazkova Nevena , Ritschard Gilbert
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of parental leave use and long-term employment trajectories of parents in Luxembourg based on anonymous administrative records. This is the first systematic analysis of parental leave take-up rates and return rates for Luxembourg using a large and reliable data set.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use highly detailed administrative data to calculate take-up and return rates for parental leave for both men and women working in Luxembourg. To gain deeper insights into the employment trajectories of parents, the authors deploy the visualisation tools of the TraMineR package, which allow the authors to trace developments over time.

Findings

The authors estimate take-up rates for parental leave at 72 per cent for mothers and 13 per cent for fathers. The return rates for mothers are 88.4, 99.4 and 70.8 per cent depending on whether they took full-time, part-time or no parental leave. In contrast, over 95 per cent of fathers remain employed following parental leave. The trajectory analysis reveals that the event of birth is a clear turning point for the majority of the female trajectories, but not for the male ones.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to the literature in at least several ways. First, this is the first available paper presenting the situation in Luxembourg using a large and reliable data set. Second, by including fathers in the analysis, the authors contribute to the available knowledge of male use of parental leave, which has been the subject of continued policy efforts in the past decades. Finally, the authors show how parental leave can be analysed using sequence analysis tools and how this method offers additional, holistic insights into work-family patterns over time.
A comparative study of DES type methods for mild flow separation prediction on a NACA0015 airfoil
Authors: Wang Liang , Li Liying , Fu Song
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to numerically investigate the mildly separated flow phenomena on a near-stall NACA0015 airfoil, by using Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES) type methods. It includes a comparison of different choices of underlying Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes model as well as subgrid-scale stress model in Large-Eddy simulation mode.

Design/methodology/approach

The unsteady flow phenomena are simulated by using delayed DES (DDES) and improved DDES (IDDES) methods, with an in-house computational fluid dynamics solver. Characteristic frequencies in different flow regions are extracted using fast Fourier transform. Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method is applied to uncover the critical dynamic modes.

Findings

Among all the DES type methods investigated in this paper, only the Spalart–Allmaras-based IDDES captures the separation point as measured in the experiments. The classical vortex-shedding and the shear-layer flapping modes for airfoil flows with shallow separation are also found from the IDDES results by using DMD.

Originality/value

The value of this paper lies in the assessment of five different DES-type models through the detailed investigation of the Reynolds stresses as well as the separation and reattachment.
Simplified finite element algorithm to solve conjugate heat and mass transfer in porous medium
Authors: Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Khan Azeem , Idris Mohd Yamani Idna , Nik-Ghaali N. , N.J. Salman Ahmed , Al-Rashed Abdullah A.A.A.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the advantages of a simplified algorithm to solve the problem of heat and mass transfer in porous medium by reducing the number of partial differential equations from four to three.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach of the present paper is to develop a simplified algorithm to reduce the number of equations involved in conjugate heat transfer in porous medium.

Findings

Developed algorithm/method has many advantages over conventional method of solution for conjugate heat transfer in porous medium.

Research limitations/implications

The current work is applicable to conjugate heat transfer problem.

Practical implications

The developed algorithm is useful in reducing the number of equations to be solved, thus reducing the computational resources required.

Originality/value

Development of simplified algorithm and comparison with conventional method.
Numerical simulation of natural convection using unsteady compressible Navier-stokes equations
Authors: El-Gendi Mahmoud M. , M. Aly Abdelraheem
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Boussinesq approximation is widely used in solving natural convection problems, but it has severe practical limitations. Using Boussinesq approximation, the temperature difference should be less than 28.6 K. The purpose of this study is to get rid of Boussinesq approximation and simulates the natural convection problems using an unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes solver. The gravity force is included in the source term. Three temperature differences are used namely 20 K, 700 K and 2000 K.

Design/methodology/approach

The calculations are carried out on the square and sinusoidal cavities. The results of low temperature difference have good agreement with the experimental and previous calculated data. It is found that, the high temperature difference has a significant effect on the density.

Findings

Due to mass conservation, the density variation affects the velocity distribution and its symmetry. On the other hand, the density variation has a negligible effect on the temperature distribution.

Originality/value

The present calculation method has no limitations but its convergence is slow. The current study can be used in fluid flow simulations for nuclear power applications in natural convection flows subjected to large temperature differences.
Study on influence of inlet and outlet flow rates on oil pressures and braking torque in a hydrodynamic retarder
Authors: Mu Hongbin , Yan Qingdong , Wei Wei
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Traditional prediction of braking characteristics of vehicular hydrodynamic retarders is commonly conducted based on braking characteristics model of closed working chamber, namely, closed working chamber model (CWCM). In CWCM, inlet and outlet oil pressures and braking torque are considered to be independent of inlet and outlet flow rates. However, inlet and outlet flow rates can affect internal and external braking characteristics under actual working conditions. This study aims to establish a more accurate braking characteristics model of a hydrodynamic retarder under full oil-charging condition, and then the influence of varying inlet and outlet flow rates on oil pressures and braking torque is investigated in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

A full flow passage of working chamber in a hydrodynamic retarder with inlet and outlets was established, and the reliability of numerical model was analyzed and validated. Pressure rise was introduced to describe the variation of inlet and outlet oil pressures. Then, on the basis of the validation, the CWCM was proposed at different rotor rotational speeds. The inlet and outlet oil pressures and braking torque were numerically computed at different inlet and outlet flow rates with Full Factorial Design experimental method. The results obtained were involved into establishing the braking characteristics model of open working chamber, namely, open working chamber model (OWCM), combined with Radial basis function approximation model. The OWCM with different inlet and outlet flow rates was analyzed and compared with CWCM.

Findings

The results show that inlet and outlet flow rates have obvious influence on the variation of inlet and outlet oil pressures in OWCM compared with CWCM. The outlet A pressure rise significantly changes with the inlet and outlet A flow rates, while the pressure rise of outlet B is mainly affected by the outlet B flow rate.

Originality/value

This paper presents an OWCM of hydrodynamic retarders under full oil-charging condition. The model takes into account the impact of oil inflowing and outflowing from the working chamber, which can provide a more accurate prediction of braking characteristics of hydrodynamic retarders.
Hydrothermal waves in two-dimensional liquid layers with sudden changes in the available cross-section
Authors: Lappa Marcello
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Hydrothermal waves represent the preferred mode of instability of the so-called Marangoni flow for a wide range of liquids and conditions. The related features in classical rectangular containers have attracted much attention over recent years owing to the relevance of these oscillatory modes to several techniques used for the production of single crystals of semiconductor or oxide materials. Control or a proper knowledge of convective instabilities in these systems is an essential topic from a material/product properties saving standpoint. The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of these phenomena in less ordinary circumstances.

Design/methodology/approach

This short paper reports on a numerical model developed to inquire specifically about the role played by sudden changes in the available cross-section of the shallow cavity hosting the liquid. Although accounting for the spanwise dimension would be necessary to derive quantitative results, the approach is based on the assumption of two-dimensional flow, which, for high-Pr fluids, is believed to retain the essence of the involved physical processes.

Findings

Results are presented for the case of a fluid with Pr = 15 filling an open container with a single backward-facing or forward-facing step on the bottom wall or with an obstruction located in the centre. It is shown that the presence of steps in the considered geometry can lead to a variety of situations with significant changes in the local spectral content of the flow and even flow stabilization in certain circumstances. The role of thermal boundary conditions is assessed by considering separately adiabatic and conducting conditions for the bottom wall.

Originality/value

Although a plethora of studies have been appearing over recent years motivated, completely or in part, by a quest to identify new means to mitigate these instabilities and produce accordingly single crystals of higher quality for the industry, unfortunately, most of these research works were focusing on very simple geometries. In the present paper, the causality and interdependence among all the kinematic and thermal effects mentioned above is discussed.
A conservative, spatially continuous method of lines for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: Ramos J.I.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new finite-volume method of lines for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations that provides piece-wise analytical solutions in space and is conservative, compare it with other finite-difference discretizations and assess the effects of the nonlinear diffusion coefficient on wave propagation.

Design/methodology/approach

A conservative, finite-volume method of lines based on piecewise integration of the diffusion operator that provides a globally continuous approximate solution and is second-order accurate is presented. Numerical experiments that assess the accuracy of the method and the time required to achieve steady state, and the effects of the nonlinear diffusion coefficients on wave propagation and boundary values are reported.

Findings

The finite-volume method of lines presented here involves the nodal values and their first-order time derivatives at three adjacent grid points, is linearly stable for a first-order accurate Euler’s backward discretization of the time derivative and has a smaller amplification factor than a second-order accurate three-point centered discretization of the second-order spatial derivative. For a system of two nonlinearly-coupled, one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations, the amplitude, speed and separation of wave fronts are found to be strong functions of the dependence of the nonlinear diffusion coefficients on the concentration and temperature.

Originality/value

A new finite-volume method of lines for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations based on piecewise analytical integration of the diffusion operator and the continuity of the dependent variables and their fluxes at the cell boundaries is presented. The method may be used to study heat and mass transfer in layered media.
Understanding climate-human interactions in Small Island Developing States (SIDS)
Authors: Nunn Patrick , Kumar Roselyn
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Climate change poses diverse, often fundamental, challenges to livelihoods of island peoples. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that these challenges must be better understood before effective and sustainable adaptation is possible.

Design/methodology/approach

Understanding past livelihood impacts from climate change can help design and operationalize future interventions. In addition, globalization has had uneven effects on island countries/jurisdictions, producing situations especially in archipelagoes where there are significant differences between core and peripheral communities. This approach overcomes the problems that have characterized many recent interventions for climate-change adaptation in island contexts which have resulted in uneven and at best only marginal livelihood improvements in preparedness for future climate change.

Findings

Island contexts have a range of unique vulnerability and resilience characteristics that help explain recent and proposed responses to climate change. These include the sensitivity of coastal fringes to climate-environmental changes: and in island societies, the comparatively high degrees of social coherence, closeness to nature and spirituality that are uncommon in western contexts.

Research limitations/implications

Enhanced understanding of island environmental and social contexts, as well as insights from past climate impacts and peripherality, all contribute to more effective and sustainable future interventions for adaptation.

Originality/value

The need for more effective and sustainable adaptation in island contexts is becoming ever more exigent as the pace of twenty-first-century climate change increases.
Migrants’ remittances
Authors: Musah-Surugu Issah Justice , Ahenkan Albert , Bawole Justice Nyigmah , Darkwah Samuel Antwi
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The much-trumpeted Green Climate Fund and several other official financial mechanisms for financing adaptation to climate change under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change have fallen short in meeting adaptation needs. Many poorer people are still grappling with the scourge of climate change impacts. Consequently, there has been a dominant research focus on climate change financing emanating from official development assistance (ODA), Adaptation Fund, public expenditure and private sector support. However, there has been little attempt to examine how migrants’ remittances can close adaptation financing gaps at the local level, ostensibly creating a large research gap. This paper aims to argue that migrants’ remittances provide a unique complementary opportunity for financing adaptation and have a wider impact on those who are extremely vulnerable to climate change.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is aligned to the qualitative research approach. Both secondary and primary data acquired through interviews and focus group discussions were used for the study. Multiple sampling methods were also used to select the respondents.

Findings

The findings show that remittances are used to finance both incremental costs of households’ infrastructure and consumption needs, as well as additional investment needs to be occasioned by ongoing or expected changes in climate.

Originality/value

In the wake of dwindling government/public revenue, ODA and poor commitment of Annex II countries to fulfil their financial obligations, the study makes the following recommendations: First, the financial infrastructure underpinning money transfers in both sending and recipient countries should be improved to make transfers attractive. Second, significant steps should be taken to reduce the fees on remittance services, especially for the small transfers typically made by poor migrants. Finally, adequate climatic information should be made available to local people to ensure that remittances are applied to the right adaptation option to avoid maladaptation.
The relationship between work-family conflict, stress, and work attitudes
Authors: Rabenu Edna , Tziner Aharon , Sharoni Gil
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Work-family conflict is a rapidly developing field of research, considering the changes that have occurred in the structure of the family and of work in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to put forward a wide theoretical framework that encompasses the relationships between organizational justice, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), job stress, and the work-family conflict. The authors suggest an explanatory model that associates those variables.

Design/methodology/approach

The explanatory model was empirically examined by means of structural equation modeling. In all, 120 Israeli-Arab employees responded to the research questionnaires.

Findings

As hypothesized, organizational justice was found to relate positively to OCB, and stress was found to relate positively to the work-family conflict. However, contrary to the hypotheses, OCB was found to relate negatively to job stress and work-family conflict. Namely, the higher the OCB, the lower the job stress.

Research limitations/implications

Theoretical implications and suggestions for possible future research were advanced.

Originality/value

Organizations that want to avoid the negative implications of the work-family conflict should encourage OCBs, which reduce the workers’ job-related stress and consequently reduce the conflict between the realms of family and work.
The relationships among work-family conflict, turnover intention and organizational citizenship behavior in the hospitality industry of Taiwan
Authors: Wang I-An , Lee Bi-Wen , Wu Shou-Tsung
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The hospitality industry is well-known for its high turnover rate and shift work, both of which are direct precursors to work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC). The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of WFC and FWC on turnover intention (TI) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) via literature reviews and empirical analyses.

Design/methodology/approach

The research data were collected using questionnaire surveys from employees working in the hospitality industries in Taiwan. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part, which was conducted by interviewers, included questions about WFC/FWC and TI, and the second part, which was completed by pairing the respondents’ answers with observations of supervisors, explored OCB. There were 325 effective samples collected. Reliability and validity were confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Sample properties were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, and the relationship among control variables, predictor variables and outcome variables were explored via correlation analysis, independentt-test and one-way ANOVA. Finally, the study hypotheses were verified by structural equation modeling.

Findings

The paper attempted to identify the relationships among WFC/FWC, TI and OCB. The results revealed that: WFC and FWC were positively related to TI; WFC and FWC were negatively related to OCB; and TI was negatively related to OCB.

Practical implications

While the policy of tourism development has been promoted proactively by Taiwan’s Government in recent years, there are insufficient studies describing the relationships among WFC, TI and OCB with respect to hospitality employees. The findings from this study may contribute to human resource management and strategy development.

Originality/value

Because OCB is minimally regarded as an outcome variable, the results of this study support the relationships among OCB, WFC/FWC and TI. The results of this study will be of great benefit to supervisors as they seek to manage effectively human resources and improve and control the relationships among OCB, WFC/FWC and TI. The findings will also be of benefit to future studies.
Work-family conflict/enrichment: the role of personal resources
Authors: Oren Lior , Levin Liron
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The conservation of resources (COR) theory provides a theoretical foundation for work-family research. The purpose of this paper is to investigate thoroughly the associations between threat of or actual loss of resources as well as gain of resources and work-family interaction, employing COR assumptions and measures.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 216 working mothers filled out a questionnaire that included conservation of resources evaluation and scales measuring work-family conflict (WFC) and enrichment. Analyses of variance were performed to test the hypothesized associations.

Findings

WFC and family-work conflict (FWC) were positively correlated with the threat of and actual loss of resources; family-work enrichment (FWE) was positively correlated with the gain of resources. Participants who reported higher threat of loss of resources compared to gain of resources reported high levels of WFC and FWC; those who reported higher loss of resources compared to gain of resources reported high levels of FWC. In addition, participants who reported gains that outweighed losses (whether actual loss or simply threat of loss) reported higher levels of FWE.

Originality/value

The findings support using the COR theory as a theoretical basis for work-family research and emphasize the detrimental role of threat of loss of resources. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Analysis of barriers to implement additive manufacturing technology in the Indian automotive sector
Authors: Dwivedi Gourav , Srivastava Samir K. , Srivastava Rajiv K.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

A spurt in the usage of additive manufacturing (AM) is observed in industrial applications to produce final parts along with rapid prototyping and rapid tooling. Despite the potential benefits of on-demand and on-location production of customised or complex shape parts, widespread implementation of this disruptive production technology is not yet visible. The purpose of this paper is to examine the various barriers to implement AM in the Indian automotive sector and analyse interrelations among them.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the extant literature and discussions with industry experts, ten major barriers are identified. The authors use a modified Fuzzy interpretive structural modelling (Fuzzy-ISM) method to derive strengths of relationships among these barriers, develop hierarchical levels, and thereafter group and rank these barriers.

Findings

ISM diagraph is developed to demonstrate how the barriers drive one another. Production technology capabilities and government support emerge as the most critical factors, with high driving power and medium dependence.

Research limitations/implications

While identified barriers may be similar across the automotive industry, generalisation of results for interrelationships and ranks in other industries may be limited.

Practical implications

The findings may be useful to managers to develop suitable mitigation strategies, and take more informed decisions, with individual focus, level focus or cluster focus.

Social implications

Findings clearly establish that the role of management and government is crucial in mitigating workers’ resistance to AM implementation.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to AM literature by the structured presentation of the barriers to implement AM in the Indian automotive sector. It also extends the Fuzzy-ISM method by presenting calculation of indirect relations using the appropriate max-product composition and in ranking the barriers.
The impact of additive manufacturing on supply chains
Authors: Durach Christian F. , Kurpjuweit Stefan , Wagner Stephan M.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to offer empirical insights on emerging additive manufacturing (AM) processes, barriers to their adoption and a timeline of expected impacts on the supply chain in the manufacturing industry.

Design/methodology/approach

A multi-stage survey study was conducted with a panel of 16 experts from industry and academia.

Findings

Only five out of today’s seven AM processes are of future importance, as are two emerging key processes. In total, 15 barriers to their adoption are identified, all of which are expected to be gone within ten years. Eight propositions are derived postulating as to whether and when supply chain impacts can be expected in terms of changes to supply chain structure, customer centricity, logistics and supply chain capability.

Research limitations/implications

“Soft” barriers are new to the literature, which has traditionally focused on “technical” barriers. Often-discussed barriers such as production speed and costs do not reflect the true concerns of the research panel. Furthermore, some of the supply chain implications discussed in both the academic literature and the media are found to be unlikely to materialize.

Practical implications

The study summarizes AM processes, technologies, barriers and supply chain implications solicited from experts in the field.

Originality/value

This is one of the first studies to make empirical contributions to a vastly conceptual discussion. It is also the first study to give insights on a timeline for barriers and supply chain implications.
Choice of mandatory prescribed drugs in Portugal: a consumers’ perspective
Authors: Ferreira Pedro , Barbosa Hugo
Published: September 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of what influences consumers’ choice of mandatory prescribed drugs, by looking with more detail to the substitution of branded drugs by generics. Specifically, this research looks at three factors that can influence this decision, namely, participative decision-making, perceived risk and price consciousness, within the recent changes introduced in the Portuguese pharmaceutical market by new legislation.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional study was conducted, using a self-administered questionnaire, to survey a sample of consumers/patients that visited a doctor and were prescribed some kind of drug. Data were treated using factor analysis for dimensionality reduction purposes and regression analysis to test the main hypothesis.

Findings

The results show that participative decision-making has no impact on purchase decision of generics, while perceived risk and price consciousness show a predictive power regarding purchase intention of generic drugs.

Research limitations/implications

Although the results are only applicable to the Portuguese context, it draws important conclusions regarding consumers’ behaviour when choosing between branded and generic drugs.

Practical implications

Knowing what influences consumers’ choices of generic drugs contributes to tune marketing strategies and actions. For public institutions, this paper offers insights on how to adapt public policies.

Originality/value

This paper is valuable because it is the first to look at the Portuguese pharmaceutical market from a consumer behaviour perspective since new legislation was set up.
A systematic review of the influence of medical representatives and promotional tools on prescribing
Authors: Murshid Mohsen Ali , Mohaidin Zurina
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine reported literature on the influence of medical representatives (MRs) and other promotional tools on drug prescribing behaviour, and to assess whether this effect is different in developed and developing countries.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey of the literature was conducted across online databases from 2000 to 2016. Eligible studies addressed MRs and other promotion tools used to influence drug prescribing in developed and developing countries.

Findings

A total of 40 reviewed studies met the inclusion requirements. In total, 22 of the studies were conducted in developed countries and 18 in developing countries. Out of ten studies that examined the influence of MRs on drug prescribing in developed countries, eight found a positive influence, one found only moderate and one finds no influence. Analogous results were found in developing countries. Six out of ten studies on the influence of MRs conducted in developing countries found a positive effect, three found only moderate effects, while one finds no influence. The influence of promotion tools on prescribing varied in developed countries, five found positive influence, four reported a small effect and one found negative influence. In developing countries, the size of effect also varied, five studies found positive influence of promotion tools on drug prescribing behaviour, five found a negligible or small effect, and one found no association. However, marked differences were observed between two sectors. In the developed countries, MRs are valued as a source of information and can have an effect on prescribing, while it is unreliable in developing countries. Sample drugs are more generally seen as an important promotional tool for prescribing in developed countries than developing countries.

Research limitations/implications

The results derived from this review are based on studies with varying methodological consistency. The review provides the crucial information that will be valuable to researchers working on comparative analysis of marketing efforts in developing and developed countries.

Originality/value

This paper is one of the few systematic reviews on the influence of MRs and other promotional tools on prescribing. It compares the influence of MRs and promotional efforts in both developed and developing countries.
A Knowledge Lens for information literacy: conceptual framework and case study
Authors: Freeburg Darin
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a Knowledge Lens for information literacy. This lens shifts the focus and potential outcomes of information literacy in three ways. First, it promotes self-reflection as a means of integrating information. Second, it promotes creation, emphasizing it as a social process. Third, it promotes the ability and value of working with imprecision and lack of direction.

Design/methodology/approach

The author designed a Community of Practice (CoP) with a loosely structured guidebook to operationalize the Knowledge Lens. The initial stated purpose of the CoP was to provide innovative solutions to issues of race relations in South Carolina. A group of 19 participants – representing four churches – met twice a month for one year. After one year, a core group of 6 participants were interviewed to identify elements of this new lens.

Findings

Participants indicated that they changed in many ways after the CoP, suggesting that the Knowledge Lens increases the impact of literacy work. In particular, they were able to utilize internal tension to spark innovation, found value in direct engagement with one another without the need to first codify their thinking, and increased their reliance on information encountering.

Originality/value

Information literacy has attempted to move beyond stale concepts, and the Knowledge Lens facilitates this movement. It takes information literacy beyond the mere provision of access to existing information. It recognizes barriers to information integration. And it involves individuals in co-creation to solve problems that lack an existing codified solution.
The PARALLEL Study (imPAct of expeRiencing Another’s seLf harm and suicidaL bEhaviour in hospitaL)
Authors: Hargate Rebecca , Howden Sharon , Tarpey Emma , Walker Tammi
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of both staff and patients in a medium-secure mental health unit of the self-harm and/or suicidal behaviour of others. Suicide and self-harm is highly prevalent in forensic settings and evidence suggests that experiencing other people’s self-harm and suicidal behaviour can lead to negative outcomes, both for staff and patients. This is particularly important in hospitals where patients are highly dependent on staff for support.

Design/methodology/approach

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five staff members and six patients in a medium-secure male mental health unit in the North of England. Data were analysed following interpretative phenomenological analysis guidelines.

Findings

Three dominant themes were identified during analysis: the impact of suicide and self-harm; the role of others; and the importance of understanding and experience. Various impacts were discussed including desensitization, negative emotions and the desire to help. Other people played an important role in protecting against negative impacts, with shared experiences and peer support reported as the biggest benefits. Experiences of self-harm and suicide were found to increase understanding resulting in more positive attitudes. Additionally, the importance of training and education was highlighted.

Originality/value

This paper provides an insight into the experiences of staff and patients in medium-secure male mental health unit, which has benefits to practitioners when considering support mechanisms.
Women at the centre – using formulation to enhance partnership-working: a case study
Authors: Maltman Lisa Joanne , Turner Emma Lucy
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The 2011 Offender Personality Disorder Strategy promoted formulation-led approaches to offender management. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how formulation can inform partnership-working with women offenders, specifically those with complex needs including personality difficulties.

Design/methodology/approach

Learning from partnership case-work is shared to highlight a psychological understanding of the needs of one female offender, and the organisational system operating around her.

Findings

The paper describes the development of a “volcano metaphor” as a conceptual framework to assist workers, without psychological training, to better understand the complexity of a client’s intense emotional world. It also reflects the impact of an individualised formulation for through-the-gate working.

Practical implications

The challenges and advantages of “joined-up” inter-agency working are highlighted, including some ideas on how to promote consistency. These include the use of formulation as the basis for decision making and to help “contain” strong emotions attached to working with complex women offenders. Importance is attached to stable and appropriate housing for such women by anticipating their resettlement needs prior to points of transition, and coordinating provision through multi-agency public protection arrangements.

Originality/value

The paper’s originality lies with the development of the volcano diagram as an accessible format for considering individualised formulation and risk assessment. The paper also offers detailed reflections on wider systemic processes attached to working with complex women offenders. It is particularly relevant to psychological practitioners working within probation and prisons, and also to offender managers.
Obesity in a forensic and rehabilitation psychiatric service: a missed opportunity?
Authors: Huthwaite Mark , Elmslie Jane , Every-Palmer Susanna , Grant Eve , Romans Sarah E.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study weight changes during psychiatric hospitalization, so as to identify “obesogenic” features in a mixed (forensic and rehabilitation) inpatient service.

Design/methodology/approach

An observational study of psychiatric inpatients, gathering sociodemographic, clinical, weight, dietary and sleep information and an actigraphic assessment.

Findings

A total of 51 patients, aged 19-68, 40 males, participated at a median of 13 months after their admission. When studied, only 6 percent had a healthy weight, 20 percent were overweight and three quarters (74 percent) were obese. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 35.3 (SD: 8.1). At admission, only three patients (8.3 percent) had healthy BMIs and over the course of their hospital stay, 47 percent gained further weight. A high proportion was physically inactive and half slept more than nine hours a day. Participants received high calorie diets and half (53 percent) smoked cigarettes.

Practical implications

Although antipsychotic medication is known to cause weight gain, this should not be seen in isolation when attempting to explain psychiatric inpatient obesity. An inpatient admission is an opportunity to provide a healthier eating environment, health education and assertively promote less sedentary behavior and healthier sleep habits.

Social implications

Obesity adds to the burden of this already significantly disadvantaged group of patients.

Originality/value

The results confirm earlier research showing that forensic and rehabilitation psychiatric inpatients as a group are obese, gain weight while in hospital and often smoke. The authors add data demonstrating that they are often physically inactive, sleep excessively and consume an unhealthy diet despite the provision of health focused interventions as an integral part of their inpatient program.
Nuts and bolts: securities arbitration
Authors: Grannum Sandra D. , Ginter Justin
Published: September 2017

Purpose

To address the nuts and bolts of securities arbitration in the FINRA forum.

Design/methodology/approach

Provides introduction and background, defines key terms, and suggests ways to approach the major steps in the securities arbitration process, including witness interviews, document reviews, resolution of joint representation and conflict issues, determining the scope of attorney-client privilege, filing or reviewing the Statement of Claim, making the initial pleading, advocating for the most favorable arbitrator selection, possible employment of experts, and cross-examination.

Findings

To prepare thoroughly for a securities arbitration case and to plan a strategy for the key step of cross-examination, a lawyer needs to know the broad financial market context; the technical details of the relevant financial products, portfolio management strategies and transactions; the points of view of both the client and the opposing party; the details of all the documents introduced; and the background of the client’s and the adversary’s witnesses.

Originality/value

Expert guidance from experienced bank and broker-dealer litigation, arbitration and mediation lawyers.
Social enterprise in Rwanda: an overview
Authors: Rwamigabo Eugene Remy
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the context, the concept and the main types of social enterprises in Rwanda, and to present its main institutional and contextual trajectories.

Design/methodology/approach

The author carried out a literature review and interviews. Six categories were identified; each one is illustrated by one emblematic case.

Findings

The paper presents the evolution of economically oriented social organizations in Rwanda, mostly under the form of cooperatives and NGOs and with inspiration from traditional forms of mutual help. The context of emergence of social enterprise in Rwanda was shaped, among other factors, by Anglo-Saxon influence. Other factors include notably the aftermath of the 1994 genocide against Tutsi, the current governance prevailing in the country and the current entrepreneurships trends. The paper also underlines the absence of research on the subject in Rwanda. Six categories of social enterprises in Rwanda and their main features have been identified and analyzed, namely, NGOs, cooperatives, informal organizations, social entrepreneurs, public/private partnerships and companies carrying out social activities. Finally, the paper analyzes the institutional and contextual trajectories of social enterprise in Rwanda.

Originality/value

The paper explores and provides insights into the specificities and the current trends of social enterprise in Rwanda with a view to fostering further analysis for several research avenues.
Classifying social enterprise models in Australia
Authors: Barraket Jo , Douglas Heather , Eversole Robyn , Mason Chris , McNeill Joanne , Morgan Bronwen
Published: September 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to document the nature of social enterprise models in Australia, their evolution and institutional drivers.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on secondary analysis of source materials and the existing literature on social enterprise in Australia. Analysis was verified through consultation with key actors in the social enterprise ecosystem.

Findings

With its historical roots in an enterprising non-profit sector and the presence of cooperative and mutual businesses, the practice of social enterprise in Australia is relatively mature. Yet, the language of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship remains marginal and contested. The nature of social enterprise activity in Australia reflects the role of an internally diverse civil society within an economically privileged society and in response to an increasingly residualised welfare state. Australia’s geography and demography have also played determining roles in the function and presence of social enterprise, particularly in rural and remote communities.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to comparative understandings of social enterprise and provides the first detailed account of social enterprise development in Australia.
Social enterprise in South Korea
Authors: Hwang Deok Soon , Jang Wonbong , Park Joon-Shik , Kim Shinyang
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the socio-economic background and development of social enterprises in Korea and identify representative social enterprise models.

Design/methodology/approach

The typology used in this study focuses on the interaction between civil society, the state and the market in their efforts to solve social problems. As a result, the typology is mainly related with social goals, although the organizational form is also taken into consideration when selecting representative social enterprises in each type so as to present a broad array of developmental histories.

Findings

This paper identified four types of social enterprises: work integration social enterprises; social service provision social enterprises; regional regeneration social enterprises; and alter-economy social enterprises. These types are not immutable; another form of social enterprise might emerge to address a new social issue and lead to a new strand of similar social enterprises.

Originality/value

This study found that the goals of social enterprises in Korea share common characteristics with those of social enterprises in European countries. Another outstanding feature of Korean social enterprises is that most social enterprises other than work integration social enterprises also regard work integration or job creation for the disadvantaged people as one of their important social missions.
‘Border’ matters in discussions of cross-border students
Authors: Chan Anita Kit-Wa , Ngan Lucille Lok-Sun , Wong Anthony K.W. , Chan W.S.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Cross-border students – children who are permanent residents of Hong Kong but live on the mainland and travel across the border to school every day – have been an important social, educational and political issue in Hong Kong. Nevertheless, current discussions regarding this issue focus mainly on the group of students whose parents are Chinese residents and seldom examine the wider contribution of social, geo-political, global-economic and policy changes to the phenomenon. These shortcomings have limited the understanding of the role of the state and the varied needs of these child migrants from diverse family backgrounds. This paper aims to address these gaps.

Design/methodology/approach

It proposes to bring changing border and immigration policies in Hong Kong back into the current analysis and offers a case study of border history. It revisits publications on Hong Kong’s immigration and migration policies, official statistics and government policy papers and (re)constructs the border changes that took place during the period from 1950 to 2013, which led to the rise and complexity of cross-border students.

Findings

This critical historical review offers two important findings: First, it reveals how the government, through its restrictive and liberalized border regulations, has constrained and produced different types of cross-border families. Second, it shows that cross-border students come from diverse family configurations, which have adopted cross-border schooling as a family strategy.

Originality/value

These findings underscore the importance of historical perspective, the wider context in migration studies, the centrality of the state in migrant families and a differentiated understanding of child migrants.
The future of telephone surveys in Hong Kong
Authors: Chiu Stephen Wing-kai , Jiang Niantao
Published: September 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to compare residential fixed-line telephone surveys with cell phone surveys for assessing the extent of the potential undercoverage issue evaluating the necessity and feasibility of conducting cell phone surveys or dual-frame telephone surveys in Hong Kong.

Design/methodology/approach

The research team simultaneously carried out a conventional fixed-line telephone survey and a cell phone survey in 2015 with similar features on survey design, sampling and data collection procedures. Two samples with sample size of 801 and 1,203 were achieved separately. Data collected were analysed to see to what extent survey findings will be biased if the sampling frame of telephone surveys is solely based on residential fixed-line numbers in Hong Kong, and if such a bias does exist, whether a survey conducted through cell phones or by adding a cell phone-only (CO) group would be an ideal solution for it.

Findings

The findings show that the cooperation rates for the cell phone survey were much lower than those of the fixed-line telephone survey. The respondents from two surveys were fairly different. However, estimates of most commonly used socio-demographic characteristics from the latter group had the least bias compared with population statistics. Supplanting the traditional fixed-line survey with a cell phone survey or supplementing it with a CO group will not make the resulting sample a better representative of the population but it will amplify the sample bias on the major social socio-demographic characteristics.

Originality/value

This paper empirically compares the two types of telephone surveys in a well-designed scientific study.