bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of Eco-Bricks Using Agricultural Waste (Sugarcane Bagasse) and Shell for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Mohamad Zain Nur Syuhada , Ariffin Arihasnida , Zakaria Normah , Hamzah Norhasyimah , Rubani Siti Nur Kamariah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore the potential of producing eco-bricks from alternative raw materials, namely sugarcane bagasse and shells. The use of sugarcane bagasse and shells as basic materials for brick production promises an innovative solution to reduce environmental impact and utilize agricultural waste that is often overlooked. The research methodology involves stages of raw material collection, brick development processes, and analysis of the physical properties and strength of the resulting products. The process of making eco-bricks from sugarcane bagasse and shells will be evaluated based on structural strength and other physical properties. The results of this study show new insights into the development of environmentally friendly and quality brick production technology. Additionally, a deeper understanding of the economic aspects of sugarcane bagasse production could serve as a foundation to motivate industry players to adopt sustainable construction methods in their production activities. Therefore, this research has the potential to make a positive contribution to agricultural waste management and the development of a more robust sustainable construction industry.
Pemahaman Konseptual Siswa Kelas VII dalam Menyelesaikan Soal SPLDV Menggunakan Metode Grafik
Authors: Annafi Awantagusnik  , Feri Prastyo
Published: August 2024

Pemahaman konseptual merupakan sesuatu yang dimiliki seseorang untuk dapat mempelajari materi maupun tuntuk menyelesaikan masalah. Pemahaman konseptual matematika dapat dilihat melalui beberapa indikator yakni (1) Kemampuan untuk mengungkapkan kembali Konsep matematika yang sudah di pelajari, (2) Kemampuan untuk mengimplementasikan konsep matematika untuk menyelesaikan masalah dan membuat perhitungan, (3) Kemampuan untuk menggambarkan konsep dalam bentuk gambar, diagram, dan grafis. Salah satu materi matematika yang berkaitan dengan pemahaman konseptual adalah Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel (SPLDV). Terdapat beberapa metode untuk menyelesaikan soal SPLDV antara lain metode eliminasi, substitusi, eliminasi-substitusi, dan grafik. Dari keempat metode penyelesaian tersebut, metode grafik merupakan metode yang jarang digunakan oleh siswa. Padahal dengan menggunakan metode tersebut, pemahaman konseptual seseorang dapat dengan mudah dilihat terutama pada indikator ketiga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman konseptual siswa kelas VII SMP dalam menyelesaikan soal SPLDV menggunakan metode grafik. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini ada tiga siswa yang terdiri dari siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi, rendah, dan sedang. Siswa diberikan dua soal yang berkaitan dengan SPLDV. Berdasarkan hasil pekerjaan siswa, peneliti akan melakukan analisis data yang terdiri dari  data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/ verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman konseptual siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal SPLDV dengan metode grafik masih sangat rendah. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan indikator pemahaman konseptual yang dipenuhi hanya indikator pertama dan kedua dan masing-masing indikator tersebut hanya dipenuhi oleh satu subjek saja. Penelitian lanjutan terkait peningkatan pemahaman konseptual dalam menyelesaiakan soal SPLDV terutama dengan menggunakan metode grafik perlu untuk dilakukan. Upaya peningkatan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran yang tepat, pembuatan media pembelajaran yang tepat maupun pembuatan bahan ajar yang tepat.
Keywords: Pemahaman konseptual, SPLDV, penyelesaian masalah, metode grafik
Estrategia para la enseñanza de habilidades de pensamiento crítico en la educación superior
Authors: Castro Ponce Sofia Ivonny , Quimiz Castro Ronny Josue , Velasco Chong Luis Orlando , Quimiz Castro Henry Leonardo
Published: August 2024

Este estudio se centra en la evaluación de estrategias pedagógicas para fomentar el pensamiento crítico en la educación superior; este es un conocimiento esencial para enfrentar los desafíos del siglo XXI. Se llevó a cabo una revisión detallada de la literatura existente sobre prácticas educativas efectivas en este ámbito utilizando un enfoque cualitativo y bibliográfico. Se examinaron métodos como el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP), el uso de TIC, el trabajo en equipo y los enfoques activos. Los hallazgos muestran que estas tácticas son muy efectivas para enseñar a los estudiantes a pensar de manera crítica. El ABP y las TIC se demostraron ser herramientas útiles para mejorar las habilidades críticas de los estudiantes, aunque se encontraron obstáculos, como limitaciones institucionales y curriculares, que dificultan su implementación. Estas barreras indican que las metodologías deben modificarse para adaptarse mejor a los estilos de aprendizaje y las necesidades de los estudiantes. Se debe llevar a cabo estudios adicionales para profundizar en la eficacia de estas estrategias y su aplicación en diversos entornos educativos, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad educativa y preparar mejor a los estudiantes para el mundo profesional.
The Influence of Social Media Marketing on Purchase Decisions: Exploring the Mediating Effects of Promotion and Customer Experience
Authors: Zahra Nur Aninda  , Rifky Roosdhani
Published: August 2024

Businesses must use social media if they want to survive in this modern era. Almost all industries need social media to increase market share, boost brand credibility, and increase customer trust. Social media is also necessary for the transportation industry to function properly. Until now, there has not been much research on transportation related to marketing activities on social media, especially buses. This study provides a new perspective on efforts to improve SMMA purchasing decisions. It was found that customer experience and promotion variables are necessary as mediating variables between SMMA and purchase decisions. This study collects and analyzes quantitative data. In this study, purposive sampling method was used to 506 sample bus passengers at PO Bejeu Jepara. The empirical model was tested with Smart PLS 4.0 software.
How Do Organizational Commitment and Workload Influence Cyberloafing Behavior
Authors: Julia Epitia  , Nova Mardiana
Published: August 2024

Cyberloafing, or employees engaging in non-work-related internet activities, has become a prevalent issue for many companies. Finding out how organizational commitment and workload affect cyberloafing behavior in nurses at the Lampung Province Regional Mental Hospital (RSJD) is the goal of this study. The basic data for this study came from a Likert scale questionnaire. There were 115 nurses in the research sample, and SPSS 29 software was utilized for the multiple linear regression analysis of the data. The study's findings provided evidence in favor of the premise that organizational commitment and workload significantly and negatively influence cyberloafing behavior. The recommendation for the Lampung Province Mental Hospital is to help create an atmosphere where nurses can feel content and at ease at work, as well as to inculcate positive values in them. The Lampung Provincial Mental Hospital ought to establish guidelines for the equitable distribution of nursing responsibilities. To lower the amount of cyberloafing among nurses, the Lampung Provincial Mental Hospital must also implement specific internet usage guidelines.
Family Finansial Planning Strategy Fishermen in Sibolga City Central Tapanuli
Authors: Ahmad Sayuti Pulungan  , Yusuf Pathuansyah  , Rizky Mery Octavianna Lubis
Published: August 2024

The fishermen face two seasons, namely the fish harvest season and the famine season, where these two seasons greatly affect the income earned by fishermen. In the fish harvest season, fishermen earn relatively large incomes, while in the lean season, fishermen earn relatively little income so that fishermen need to have a strategy in carrying out family financial planning. The purpose of this study was to analyze the financial planning strategies of fishermen's families during the lean season and the fish harvest season. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods with the number of research respondents of 10 fishermen in sibolga and data collection techniques through in-depth interviews. The results showed that during the fish harvest season, the family's financial planning strategy was to save and serve as business capital. Meanwhile, during the family season, the family's financial planning strategy is a coping strategy by reducing daily expenses and increasing income.
Digital Literacy Strategy Encourages Electronic MSMEs to Go Online
Authors: Abdelina Abdelina  , Lilis Saryani  , Juwita Handayani
Published: August 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has reduced people's purchasing power and made people's activities all online. Digital literacy needs to be carried out by MSME actors, especially Electronic MSMEs, where they still carry out offline buying and selling activities both in terms of promotion, marketing, and service communication. This study aims to determine the implementation of digital literacy for Electronic MSME actors to go online. Digital literacy is an effort to change and develop activities based on skills and knowledge by using technology. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach using data analysis techniques Reduction, Display and Conclusion. This research was conducted at the Electronic MSMEs, Padangsidimpuan City, North Sumatera. The results showed that 88% of the understanding of Electronic MSME technology was based on the digital literacy capabilities they had, obtained through digital literacy activities carried out and received many benefits for the online sales system.
Analisis Campur Kode Bahasa Batak Pada Saat Pembelajaran di Kelas X SMA YAPIM Merek Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Vina Octavia Kudairi  , Tri Indah Kusumawati  , Budiman Budiman
Published: August 2024

The research was carried out with the title "Analysis of Batak Language Code Mixing When Learning Indonesian in Class The use of code mixing is the Batak regional language. The aim of this research is to determine the main causes of the use of code mixing during learning. This research methodology is a qualitative descriptive method. Data was obtained from class X students of YAPIM Brand High School and the results of interviews from Indonesian language teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviewing, recording and taking notes. The results of this research are forms of code mixing in teacher and student conversations in Indonesian language learning in class X SMA YAPIM Brand, namely: a. Use of Toba Batak language code mixing, b. There are 76 code-mixed data, the forms of code-mixing use are 13 code-mixes of word insertion, 17 phrase insertions, 46 clause insertions, word and sentence insertions. Factors causing code mixing are: a. Students' proficiency in speaking two languages, including the Toba Batak regional language and Indonesian, b. Social environment, c. Contextual situation. However, Indonesian language interference is not eliminated by the presence of the regional language, it's just that students sometimes focus more on using the regional language instead of being in context when speaking with fellow students.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran VCT (Value Clarification Technique) Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Siswa Kelas IV SD Inpres Talakauwe Kecamatan Bajeng Barat Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Dewi Rahayu  , Andi Adam  , Besse Syukroni
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the significant effect of implementing the VCT learning model on the speaking skills of class IV students at SD Inpres Talakauwe, West Bajeng District, Gowa Regency. The type of research used in this research is pre-experimental and is a quantitative type of research. The sample in this study was 25 students. Data collection techniques were carried out using learning results tests and observation sheets. Data analysis of research results was obtained from descriptive statistical data analysis and inferential data analysis. The research results showed that speaking skills before implementing the VCT (Value Clarification Technique) learning model in the pretest had an average score of 64. Meanwhile, in the posttest it had improved with an average score of 83.2. The results of the t-test analysis regarding the influence of the VCT (Value Clarification Technique) learning model on the learning outcomes of student participants show that the significance value obtained is good, namely the influence of the VCT (Value Clarification Technique) learning model on speaking skills (Sig = 0.001) is smaller than the value The alpha set is 0.05 (0.001 < 0.05). Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted, which states that there is an influence of the use of the VCT (Value Clarification Technique) learning model on the speaking skills of class IV students at SD Inpres Talakauwe, West Bajeng District, Gowa Regency.
Implementasi Peraturan Bupati Nomor 41 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengelolaan Gerai dan Peberdayaan Industri Kecil dan Menengah di Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Ayati Yeyet Jahrotul , Cadith Juliannes
Published: August 2024

This study is about the Implementation of Regent Regulation Number 41 of 2016 Concerning Outlet Management and Empowerment of Small and Medium Industries in Tangerang Regency. The problems in this study include, the still minimal involvement of the small and medium industry business sector in supporting the implementation of policies, Socialization related to the existence and implementation of outlet management and empowerment of small and medium industries is still not optimal, promotion of small and medium industry products has not been carried out optimally, and cooperation has not been established with travel and travel agencies. The purpose of this study was to determine how the implementation of Regent Regulation Number 41 of 2016 on outlet management and empowerment of small and medium industries in Tangerang Regency. The research method is qualitative. The theory used is the implementation of public policy according to Van Metter and Van Horn. The results of this study are that the implementation of Regent Regulation Number 41 of 2016 concerning Outlet Management and Empowerment of Small and Medium Industries in Tangerang Regency is not optimal.
VESTIBULAR DIGITAL: ANÁLISE DO PERFIL SOCIOECONÔMICO DOS INGRESSANTES NOS CURSOS SUPERIORES DE TECNOLOGIA DA FATEC
Authors: Queiroz Lucileila do Rosário , Pamboukin Sergio , Kanaane Roberto
Published: August 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo verificar se as alterações nos critérios de seleção do vestibular do 2º semestre/2020 ampliaram o acesso às FATECs, dos alunos egressos de escolas públicas e de menor renda familiar. Para tanto foi elaborado um questionário por meio do Google Forms e enviado eletronicamente a 383 candidatos aprovados no vestibular e 925 que já faziam parte do conjunto de discentes. Os resultados demonstram que as mudanças no vestibular colaboraram para aumentar o percentual de alunos egressos de escolas públicas e de baixa renda familiar no quadro de discentes das FATECs, consequentemente, este modelo de processo seletivo pode ser considerado como um meio democrático de acesso ao ensino superior.
FORMAÇÃO DE MULHERES COMO PROFESSORAS UNIVERSITÁRIAS NO EXERCÍCIO DA DOCÊNCIA: ALGUNS EXEMPLOS
Authors: Bertoletti Estela Natalina Mantovani , Silva Diego Pereira da
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo tem como tema “formação de mulheres professoras e seu desenvolvimento profissional na carreira universitária”, a partir de um estudo do processo formativo de duas professoras universitárias que lecionam na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), desde os seus primeiros tempos de funcionamento até os dias atuais. Trata-se de duas professoras que ingressaram na UEMS como professoras cedidas da Rede Estadual de Ensino e, depois, foram aprovadas em concurso público; ambas também ingressaram como Especialistas em Educação e foram se titulando ao longo da carreira universitária, conciliando no trabalho sua formação. A partir de suas narrativas concedidas mediante entrevistas gravadas e transcritas, buscou-se acompanhar o processo de trabalho, utopias e contingências de formação e compreender como estas professoras desenvolveram-se profissionalmente na carreira universitária. Como resultados, é possível afirmar que, para além da docência alicerçada no tripé de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, essas professoras assumiram cargos de gestão, para os quais não receberam formação, como maneira de contribuir para o processo de constituição da própria UEMS ao longo do tempo. Nesse sentido, o desenvolvimento profissional delas foi concomitante ao desenvolvimento institucional da universidade.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPAS Menggunakan Model Inkuiri Berbantuan Media Smart Box Kelas IV SD
Authors: Mihwatun  , Hilyana F.Shoufika , Ermawati Diana
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini didorong oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPAS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar, khususnya siswa kelas IV SD 1 Panjang, dengan menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari hasil evaluasi pada akhir setiap siklus, sementara data kualitatif diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara selama proses pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model inkuiri berbantuan media Smart Box dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Pada siklus I, hasil belajar siswa secara klasikal mencapai 58,33% dengan nilai rata-rata 70,5 yang masuk dalam kriteria rendah. Pada siklus II, hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 83,33% dengan nilai rata-rata 79,41 yang masuk dalam kriteria tinggi. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan model inkuiri berbantuan media Smart Box efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
Reducción del Sobrepico de un Elevador de tijeras Mediante Observador de Estado, LQR y LQG
Authors: Soto Daniel
Published: August 2024

Scissor lifts are crucial in various industries, known for their robust design and ability to lift heavy loads to significant heights. Their interlinked scissor mechanism allows controlled elevation and descent of the work platform. Precision and safety in their operation are essential to prevent accidents and ensure efficiency. A critical issue is the "overshoot," where the lift exceeds the desired height before stabilizing, causing instability and safety risks. This phenomenon is related to the system's dynamics and control, which typically employ hydraulic or electric systems to regulate the extension and retraction of the scissors. Precision in these systems is vital to stop the platform at the correct height smoothly and accurately.
This paper presents a solution based on MATLAB/Simulink to improve the overshoot in scissor lifts using advanced control techniques. Different control strategies are implemented and evaluated, including the use of a State Observer, LQR (Linear Quadratic Regulator), and LQG (Linear Quadratic Gaussian Controller). The State Observer is used to estimate the system's internal variables, allowing for more precise feedback. The LQR is employed to design a controller that minimizes a cost function, optimizing the balance between control effort and state error. Finally, the LQG incorporates a Kalman filter to handle system uncertainty and noise, providing robust and efficient control. This demonstrates a significant improvement in the precision and stability of the scissor lift, reducing overshoot and enhancing operational safety. This research contributes to the development of more advanced and safer control systems for industrial applications, optimizing the performance and reliability of scissor lifts.
Development and Execution of An Immersive Virtual Environment Using Virtual Reality to Train Teachers at The Higher Education Level
Authors: Ortega Mariuxi Vanessa Eras , Tituaña Lizbeth Gisselle Ponce , Galvez Jhonny Biler Benavides , Monroy Wildo Sucasaire
Published: August 2024

In the field of higher education, teacher training has played a crucial role in continuously improving the quality of education. Immersive virtual environments using virtual reality (VR) have emerged as an innovative tool for teacher training, providing highly interactive learning experiences and realistic simulations. This article presents a literature review on the development and implementation of immersive virtual environments with VR for teacher training in higher education, analyzing recent studies and highlighting best practices, benefits, challenges and future research directions in this area. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on scientific articles, theses and other academic documents published between 2019 and 2023. Databases included Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC and Google Scholar. The search terms used were “virtual reality”, “teacher training”, “higher education” and “immersive virtual environments”. The studies reviewed showed that VR provided multiple benefits, such as immersion and engagement, simulation of real-world scenarios, and immediate feedback. However, challenges were also identified, such as technical costs and resources, adaptation of content and the need for initial training for teachers. Virtual reality has proven to be a powerful tool for training higher education teachers, providing significant benefits in terms of immersion, realistic simulation and immediate feedback. However, effectively implementing these technologies requires overcoming several technical and resource challenges. It was recommended that future research focus on developing effective and sustainable methodologies for integrating virtual reality into teacher education programs and assessing its long-term impact on educational practice.
Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy on Emotional Control, Communication Patterns, and Marital Intimacy in Women with Marital Infidelity Experience
Authors: Badanfiroz Ali , Abolghasemi Abbas , Khosrojavid Mahnaz , Soltani Shal Reza
Published: August 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) on emotional control, communication patterns, and marital intimacy in women experiencing marital infidelity in the city of Isfahan. Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design including control and experimental groups. The statistical population of this research consisted of all women with marital infidelity experience who referred to counseling centers in Isfahan in 2023. The research sample comprised 45 women with marital infidelity experience, who were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: the DBT experimental group and the emotion-focused therapy (EFT) group, as well as a control group. Data were collected using the Marital Infidelity Questionnaire by Yeniseri and Kokdemir (2006), the Emotion Regulation Scale by Williams, Chamless, and Aheratz (1997), the Communication Patterns Questionnaire by Christensen and Salovey (1984), the Marital Intimacy Questionnaire by Bagarozi (2001), and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Gross and John (2003). Data analysis was conducted using univariate and multivariate covariance analysis. Findings: The results indicated that Dialectical Behavior Therapy effectively improved emotional control, communication patterns, and marital intimacy in women. Conclusion: The findings indicate that Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is effective in improving emotional control, communication patterns, and marital intimacy in women experiencing marital infidelity. The results support the use of DBT as a valuable intervention for enhancing psychological well-being and relationship satisfaction among affected individuals.
Time Course Effects of Kinesio Taping in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Kausar Anila , Rafique Anam , Rafique Nazish , Azam Ansa Rida , Liaqat Rimsha , Ali Mohabbat
Published: August 2024

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal disorder in the elderly, characterized by cartilage loss leading to pain, stiffness, and restricted movement. Kinesiotaping has been suggested as a therapeutic approach to reduce pain and improve functional outcomes in knee osteoarthritis patients.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of quadriceps and patellar kinesiotaping applied for different durations (24, 48, and 72 hours) on pain, balance, and functional performance in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted from March to September 2020 at the Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi, and Abasyn Rehabilitation Center, Islamabad. Forty-eight patients with knee osteoarthritis (grades 2-3) were randomly assigned to three groups: Group A (kinesiotaping for 24 hours), Group B (kinesiotaping for 48 hours), and Group C (kinesiotaping for 72 hours). All participants also received conventional therapy, including hot pack application, quadriceps strengthening exercises (15 repetitions × 3 sets), and stretching exercises (5 repetitions with a 10-second hold × 3 sets). Pain, balance, and functional performance were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and one week later using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and Time Up and Go Test (TUG). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with intragroup comparisons conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and intergroup comparisons using the Kruskal-Wallis test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Significant reductions in pain were observed across all groups (p < 0.05), with the most notable improvement in Group C (72 hours), where NPRS scores decreased from a median of 2 (IQR 1.75) at baseline to 1 (IQR 1) at follow-up (p < 0.05). However, no significant improvements were noted in balance or functional performance across the groups, as indicated by FRT, WOMAC, and TUG scores (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Kinesiotaping significantly reduces pain in knee osteoarthritis patients, particularly when applied for 72 hours, but does not appear to significantly impact balance or functional performance. These findings suggest that kinesiotaping is effective for short-term pain management, though additional interventions may be necessary to improve functional outcomes.
Effect of Topical (0.03%) Tacrolimus Eye Ointment in the Management of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Huzaifa Malik  , Shagufta Parveen  , Ijlal Taimoor  , Umar Ijaz  , Javeria Zahid  , Shahzad Raza  , Habib Muhammad Farrukh
Published: August 2024

Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, severe ocular inflammatory disorder predominantly affecting children and young adults. Current treatments, including antihistamines and corticosteroids, can have significant side effects, particularly with long-term use. Tacrolimus, a macrolide immunosuppressant, has emerged as a promising alternative due to its ability to inhibit T-cell proliferation and cytokine release, key factors in VKC pathogenesis.
Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of 0.03% tacrolimus eye ointment in the management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis compared to standard steroid-based treatment.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from January 2022 to May 2024. A total of 40 patients (80 eyes) diagnosed with VKC were included. Patients aged 5 to 60 years with bilateral VKC and no prior treatment in the last month were enrolled. Exclusion criteria included concurrent eye infections, use of contact lenses, systemic comorbidities, and previous ocular surgeries. The intervention group received 0.03% tacrolimus ointment twice daily for two months, followed by once daily for two months, and then on alternate days for the final two months. The control group received a combination of 0.1% fluorometholone eye drops, 0.3% tobramycin/0.1% dexamethasone ointment, and 0.1% olopatadine, with steroid tapering after two weeks. Patients were followed up at two weeks, one month, three months, and six months. The primary outcome was the change in symptom and sign scores from baseline to six months. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with statistical significance set at p≤0.05.
Results: The median age of the study population was 15.50 years (IQR: 10.00), with 57.4% female. The tacrolimus group showed significant improvement in eye discharge (p=0.033), itching (p=0.004), lacrimation (p=0.008), and foreign body sensation (p=0.015) compared to the control group. The average symptom score decreased more significantly in the tacrolimus group (p<0.001). Clinical signs such as punctate keratitis (p=0.031) and papillae (p=0.018) also showed greater resolution in the tacrolimus group, with a significant reduction in the average sign score (p=0.009).
Conclusion: Topical 0.03% tacrolimus eye ointment is an effective and safe treatment for VKC, providing superior symptom relief and clinical improvement compared to standard steroid-based therapy. It offers a promising alternative for long-term management of VKC, with fewer side effects than traditional corticosteroids.
Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Huzaifa Malik  , Shagufta Parveen  , Ijlal Taimoor  , Umar Ijaz  , Javeria Zahid  , Shahzad Raza  , Habib Muhammad Farrukh
Published: August 2024

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by tear film instability, ocular surface inflammation, and symptoms of discomfort that significantly impact patients' quality of life. Current treatments often provide only temporary relief, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents such as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) to target underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine in improving tear film stability and alleviating symptoms in patients with dry eye disease.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from January 2022 to May 2024. Sixty-six patients (132 eyes) aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with bilateral DED for at least three months, were enrolled. Participants were alternately assigned to the intervention group, which received NAC eye drops (0.1% w/v) administered as one drop every six hours, or the control group, which received sterile saline artificial tears (0.9%) at the same frequency. Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected. Tear Film Break-Up Time (TBUT) and Schirmer’s test scores were measured at baseline, two weeks, one month, and three months post-treatment. Additionally, symptoms of burning, itching, and foreign body sensation were assessed using a four-point scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, with a p-value of ≤0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The median age of participants was 34.50 years (IQR: 16.00), with 35 (53.0%) being male. Significant improvements were observed in the NAC group compared to the control group at one and three months post-treatment. TBUT increased from a median of 7.00 seconds (IQR: 5.00) at baseline to 15.50 seconds (IQR: 8.00) at three months (p<0.001). Schirmer’s test scores improved from a median of 5.00 mm (IQR: 2.00) at baseline to 11.00 mm (IQR: 5.00) at three months (p<0.001). The NAC group also experienced a significant reduction in foreign body sensation at three months (p=0.023).
Conclusion: N-acetyl cysteine is an effective treatment for improving tear film stability and reducing symptoms associated with dry eye disease. Its use offers significant benefits in both objective clinical measures and patient-reported outcomes, making it a valuable therapeutic option for managing DED.
Precision in Practice: Assessing Concordance between Physician Visual Assessment and Quantitative Coronary Analysis for Stenosis Severity in CAD Patients at Shifa International Hospital
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Atta Ul Wadood  , Sajjad Ur Rahman  , Ejaz Ali Khan  , Shahab Afridi
Published: August 2024

Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality globally, necessitating accurate assessment of stenosis severity for optimal clinical management. Physician Visual Assessment (PVA) is commonly used in practice, but its subjective nature raises concerns about accuracy. Quantitative Coronary Analysis (QCA) offers a more objective method for evaluating stenosis severity. This study investigates the concordance between PVA and QCA in determining stenosis severity among CAD patients at Shifa International Hospital.
Objective: To evaluate the level of concordance between Physician Visual Assessment (PVA) and Quantitative Coronary Analysis (QCA) in assessing the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with CAD.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cardiac Catheterization Department of Shifa International Hospital over a two-month period. A total of 105 CAD patients undergoing PCI were included. Lesions were evaluated by PVA during coronary angiography and subsequently assessed by QCA using Siemens Artis Zee software. The lesions were categorized into four severity groups: <50%, 50-69%, 70-89%, and 90-99%. Concordance between PVA and QCA was analyzed using independent sample t-tests with a 95% confidence level, and results were processed using SPSS version 25. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Shifa International Hospital.
Results: The study population comprised 77% males and 23% females, with the majority aged between 51-70 years. The <50% stenosis category showed significant differences between PVA and QCA, with mean stenosis values of 34.66% (SD = 6.7) for PVA and 42.22% (SD = 7.3) for QCA (p < 0.001). Similarly, in the 50-69% category, the mean stenosis values were 56.83% (SD = 6.2) for PVA and 63.79% (SD = 4.5) for QCA (p < 0.001). However, in the 70-89% and 90-99% categories, the mean differences were not statistically significant, with p-values of 0.36 and 0.21, respectively.
Conclusion: The study revealed low concordance between PVA and QCA in the <50% and 50-69% stenosis categories, suggesting that visual assessment alone may not be sufficient for accurate evaluation in these cases. QCA should be utilized alongside PVA to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve treatment decisions, particularly for mild to moderate stenosis.
Bioinformatics strategy to identify the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Sun Jie , Suo Hai-Yang , Liu Ze-Kang , Liu Zhen-Hao , Lu Zhi-Kun , Liu Ting-Ting , Yin Hai-Yan
Published: August 2024

Objective: A bioinformatics approach was used to determine the key targets for the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Entering "intracerebral hemorrhage " as keywords, we searched for and downloaded ICH-related targets using the GeneCards database. Meanwhile, we collected the relevant targets from cortex through GeneCards database. Then, downloaded data were integrated so as to obtain the intersected genes from the targets between ICH and cortex, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted using R language. Lastly, we map the key genes from protein-protein interaction (PPI) into GO and KEGG so as to acquire hub genes in cortex subjected to ICH injury. Results: After inputting the terms "intracerebral hemorrhage" into GeneCards, 1159 targets were recognized in the GeneCards database, 87465 cortex-related targets were retrieved. Furthermore, 1125 intersected genes were identified through Venny analysis. Subsequently, GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are primarily involved in biological processes such as wound healing, regulation of body fluid levels, response to peptides, positive regulation of responses to external stimuli, and cytokine-mediated signaling pathways. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these genes are mainly associated with inflammatory pathways, including PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, and HIF-1. Conclusions: Our results comprehensively illustrated the potential targets involved in the pathogenesis of ICH, therefore, providing new insights for molecular therapy of ICH in future clinic trial development.
Research on Momentum Evaluation and Turning Point Prediction in Tennis Matches Based on RSR and GSRF
Authors: Dong Bowei , Dong Kaizhi
Published: August 2024

In the men's singles final of the 2023 Wimbledon Open, rising star Carlos Alcaraz defeated veteran Novak Djokovic, an astonishing turnaround and result that sparked an in-depth exploration of the sports phenomenon of "momentum". When one side of a match gains momentum, its technical level and adaptability will be greatly utilized, which will directly affect the victory or defeat of the match. Most of the past researches focus on verifying the authenticity of momentum in sports games and the factors affecting the change of momentum. In this paper, taking the above match as the research object, we use the rank and ratio comprehensive evaluation method (RSR) to mine the match data, and propose a new prediction model GSRF by combining the random forest model and the lattice search algorithm, and based on the independently established momentum model and the momentum difference model, we predicted the turning point of the momentum in the match and the result of the match. The difference effect size of Cohen's d-value of 0.035 and accuracy R² of 0.826 was obtained, which verified the higher accuracy and generalizability of the model. The study helps coaches and instructors optimize training programs, develop game strategies, and provide new ideas and approaches for coaches and instructors.
Research on Applications of Image Recognition in the Design of Autonomous Navigation Robots
Authors: Yu Ruining
Published: August 2024

This study evaluates traditional and deep learning-based image recognition technologies in autonomous navigation robots, detailing their strengths and limitations. Traditional image recognition techniques, which rely on predefined algorithms and pattern recognition, have proven efficient and stable for navigation in controlled environments. Conversely, deep learning approaches, notably through convolutional neural networks (CNNs), excel in dynamic and unpredictable settings by adapting more effectively to complex environmental interactions. The core challenges in this field include the need for real-time data processing, achieving consistent accuracy across diverse environments, and managing the computational demands of sophisticated algorithms. This research highlights the significant improvements deep learning techniques bring to autonomous navigation, particularly in terms of adaptability and robustness. The study also addresses the necessity for advancements in both technology domains to meet the evolving demands of autonomous robotics, emphasizing the ongoing need to enhance computational efficiency and environmental adaptability. The findings suggest a growing potential for future research to explore hybrid models that leverage the predictability of traditional methods with the flexibility of deep learning to optimize autonomous navigational tasks.
Regional Disaster Risk Assessment Based on ARIMA Prediction and Comprehensive Evaluation Model
Authors: Cui Chuanhui , Dong Meiting , Li Haiqing
Published: August 2024

The occurrence of extreme weather events affects the natural economic and social security, and has a serious impact on some industries, so the prediction and evaluation of disaster risk level is particularly important. This paper collected data on nine indicators from 25 regions and divided them into four areas: extreme weather, natural, social, and economic. the ARIMA prediction model is used to predict the probability and intensity of extreme weather in the future. The combined weights of each index were calculated by Composite Weighting Method, including principal component analysis, entropy weight method and coefficient of variation method, and the Risk Assessment Index (RAI) formula was constructed, and then the WNSE prediction and evaluation model was constructed. It is divided into four risk levels by fuzzy cluster analysis. We use WNSE prediction and evaluation model to calculate New York City and Switzerland’s RAI and coverage levels. Using this prediction, we can assess the severity of the consequences of natural disasters and prevent or remedy them. The assessment of regional disaster risk levels can give relevant reference to the government, and the government can make reasonable resource allocation.
Research on momentum quantification and influencing factors based on machine learning
Authors: Jia Zimu , Li Zhuoye
Published: August 2024

From the score data of the Wimbledon tennis matches, we observed unexpected score fluctuations and even set-level variations for the leading side. This article aims to evaluate which player performs better at any given moment during the match and quantify the extent of their performance advantage, which this paper refers to as momentum. Firstly, this paper defines momentum as the player's winning probability, convert match data into a Markov chain, and establish a time-predictive model based on the score timeline using Hidden Markov Models. Upon importing match data into our model, this paper successfully computes the magnitude of momentum for each player. Subsequently, this paper utilizes exploratory factor analysis, linear regression analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis to calculate the degree of association between momentum impact factors and player performance, observing that variables such as serve_no, point_victor, p1_winner, winner_shot_type, p1_net_pt_won, p1_distance_run, rally_count, and speed_mph exhibits strong correlations with momentum. For example, higher serve speeds are likely to increase a player's chance of winning, but break points faced, unforced errors, and distance run by the player may reduce the overall probability of a player winning. When applying the model output in actual matches, coaches and players can formulate strategies for serving selection and tactical arrangements based on the information provided by the model to maximize the utilization of momentum changes and develop targeted strategies against opponents' weaknesses and habits.
Evaluation de la satisfaction des mères aux services des planifications familiales, République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Muleka Cornely K. , Kazadi Dieudonné S. , Mumba Emmanuel WM. , Kayembe Tony K. , Kakudji Pascal Y.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Le bas niveau organisationnel des services de planification familiale (PF) dispose d’un personnel peu formé en la matière, et les effets des croyances culturelles et religieuses des femmes sur le planning familial demeure un grand défis à relever dans la communauté car nos coutume reste un grand blocage pour l’utilisation des méthodes contraceptives moderne car elles sont considéré comme une politique occidentale visant à réduire la population africaine. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer la qualité des soins dans le service de PF du centre de santé de référence de la commune de Lubumbashi et le taux d'utilisation de la planification familiale en identifiant les causes d'abandon des méthodes contraceptives. Matériel et Méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive et une méthode exégétique accompagnée par la technique documentaire portant sur une analyse des 250 femmes commerçantes enquêtées dans la ville de Lubumbashi. Résultats. L’analyse montre que 52,8% des enquêtées avaient fait l’école primaire et 15,2% étaient analphabète ; la plupart d’entre elles était mariée et célibataire respectivement dans 46,8% et 37,6% des cas. La majorité de femmes avait une connaissance sur le PF (86,8%) alors que 80,4% utilisaient cette méthode ; avec une utilisation favourable dans 49,2% des cas. Les préservatifs et les pilules sont les deux types de méthodes contraceptives fréquemment utilisés par les femmes commerçantes dans 39,6% et 16,8%; la source d’approvisionnement était la pharmacie et les femmes elles-mêmes soit 44,4% des cas et 38,4%. Conclusion. L’utilisation des méthodes contraceptives modernes reste et demeure faible dans la ville de Lubumbashi qui s’expliquerait par le manque d’information dont disposent les femmes sur la planification familiale. Cependant que la santé de la reproduction est généralement considérée comme un domaine prioritaire dans le monde entier. Mots-clés : Evaluation, Satisfaction, Planning familial.
Determination of the total amount of vitamin C in some packaged juices from local companies in Libya
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sabratha University, Sabratha, Libya, Suwan Ahlaam Mawloud , Mahnoush Amal ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sabratha University, Sabratha, Libya, Taher Woroud ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sabratha University, Sabratha, Libya
Published: August 2024

Fruit juices are known to contain many organic acids, the most important of which is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), because of its nutritional values and benefits for human health and disease prevention. These acids are found in fresh fruits from which the juice is made or are added as a nutritional supplement during manufacturing. This study aims to evaluate the quality of some local packaged juices available in the Libyan market for 5 local companies: (Al-Rayhan, Al-Mazraa, Judy, Al-Morouj, and Zain), with the results of previous studies and Libyan standards. in terms of the total amount of vitamin C, due to the large use of these packaged juices in the diet of adults and children in particular, as samples of packaged juices of different types (pineapple, orange, pear, guava, peaches, grapes, and others) available in various commercial markets and in a random manner after a storage period ranging between 6-10 months from the date of production, at a rate of 3 samples for each. It was analyzed spectrophotometrically using a molecular absorption spectrometer for visible and ultraviolet radiation (JENWAY 6405 UV/Vis. Spectrophotometer). The resultes shown that the amount of vitamin C in all samples was with in the limit and conformed to Libyan standards, and the best in vitamin C content was at Al-Rayhan Company and the least was at Zain Company. Keywords: Ascorbic acid, Vitamin C, packaged juices, spectrophotometric method, standard curve, (UV/Vis. Spectrophotometer)
تقييم معدلات النمو والاستقرار المالي لشركتي الثقة والمتحدة للتأمين
Authors:   كلية الاقتصاد الزاوية - جامعة الزاوية, كشيّم سعاد الهادي , أمقيق خالد عبد السلام ,   كلية الاقتصاد الزاوية - جامعة الزاوية
Published: August 2024

The research aimed to assess the actual and sustainable growth rates of Al-Thiqa and Al-Mutahida Insurance Companies, while also conducting a comparative analysis of their financial stability to assess their ability to grow without the need for external financing. The study period spans from 2012 to 2016. To accomplish the set objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was utilized, employing the Ros model for assessing actual and sustainable growth, and the Z-Score model for evaluating financial stability. The outcomes of the study indicated that both companies fell short of the necessary actual growth rate, with Al-Thiqa Insurance Company meeting the sustainable growth rate requirement, unlike Al-Mutahida Insurance Company. Furthermore, disparities in actual and sustainable growth rates between the two companies were identified. In terms of financial stability, it was observed that there was a decline for Al-Thiqa Insurance Company and a reduction to zero for Al-Mutahida Insurance Company. The examination furthermore assessed the financial standing of both companies are focused on increasing their market presence and ensuring their financial stability., thereby aiding in the development of a strategy to enhance the efficiency enhancing Libyan insurance entities to contribute positively to the advancement of the local economy. Keywords: Sustainable growth- actual growth- financial stability- Financial fragility.