bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Etwas Morsches im Recht» sobre violência e direito / «Etwas morsches im recht» on violence and law (Tradução do texto original em Italiano)
Authors: Chignola Sandro , Amaral Augusto Jobim do , Pontel Evandro
Published: July 2018

O texto procura refletir sobre as três modalidades em que classicamente a filosofia política ocidental dispõe a relação entre política e violência: aquela que procura excluir a violência, a opção que estabelece uma relação de domesticação/ funcionalização da violência e aquela que estabeleceria uma dialética entre violência de dominação e violência revolucionária. Para tanto, concentra-se na análise do texto benjaminiano “Zur Kritik der Gewalt” (1921), objetivando apontar a crítica de autor alemão contra a mediação jurídica própria do poder e da violência, desde as tentativas de conter e de normalizar a violência no ordenamento jurídico. Noutros termos, a crítica aponta para uma violência que é uma ameaça e um risco ao direito quando ela permanece externa ao circuito jurídico e resiste à formalização como meio para sua conservação. Enfim, como alguma coisa de podre há no Direito, ela não é demonstrada pela alternativa entre o caos e a ordem, entre barbárie e a civilidade, entre guerra e a paz, mas pela indeterminação que a lei, tendo que reproduzir continuamente em cada aplicação o rito da sua fundação, faz agir e deixa subsistir entre eles.AbstractThe text seeks to reflect on the three modalities in which the Western political philosophy classically disposes of the relation between politics and violence: that which seeks to exclude violence, the option that establishes a relation of domestication / functionalization of violence and that which would establish a dialectic between violence of domination and revolutionary violence. In order to do so, it concentrates on the analysis of the Benjaminian text "Zur Kritik der Gewalt" (1921), aiming at pointing out the criticism of German author against the legal mediation of power and violence, from attempts to contain and normalize violence in the legal order. In other words, the criticism points to violence that is a threat and a risk to the right when it remains outside the legal circuit and resists formalization as a means for its conservation. Finally, as something rotten in the law, it is not demonstrated by the alternative between chaos and order, between barbarity and civility, between war and peace, but by the indetermination that the law, having to reproduce continuously in each application the rite of its foundation, causes it to act and lets it subsist among them.
Risk of anesthesia-related complications in brachycephalic dogs
Authors: Gruenheid Michaela , Aarnes Turi K. , McLoughlin Mary A. , Simpson Elaine M. , Mathys Dimitria A. , Mollenkopf Dixie F. , Wittum Thomas E.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine whether brachycephalic dogs were at greater risk of anesthesia-related complications than nonbrachycephalic dogs and identify other risk factors for such complications.

DESIGN Retrospective cohort study.

ANIMALS 223 client-owned brachycephalic dogs undergoing general anesthesia for routine surgery or diagnostic imaging during 2012 and 223 nonbrachycephalic client-owned dogs matched by surgical procedure and other characteristics.

PROCEDURES Data were obtained from the medical records regarding dog signalment, clinical signs, anesthetic variables, surgery characteristics, and complications noted during or following anesthesia (prior to discharge from the hospital). Risk of complications was compared between brachycephalic and nonbrachycephalic dogs, controlling for other factors.

RESULTS Perianesthetic (intra-anesthetic and postanesthetic) complications were recorded for 49.1% (n = 219) of all 446 dogs (49.8% [111/223] of brachycephalic and 48.4% [108/223] of nonbrachycephalic dogs), and postanesthetic complications were recorded for 8.7% (39/446; 13.9% [31/223] of brachycephalic and 3.6% [8/223] of nonbrachycephalic dogs). Factors associated with a higher perianesthetic complication rate included brachycephalic status and longer (vs shorter) duration of anesthesia; the risk of perianesthetic complications decreased with increasing body weight and with orthopedic or radiologic procedures (vs soft tissue procedures). Factors associated with a higher postanesthetic complication rate included brachycephalic status, increasing American Society of Anesthesiologists status, use of ketamine plus a benzodiazepine (vs propofol with or without lidocaine) for anesthetic induction, and invasive (vs noninvasive) procedures.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Controlling for other factors, brachycephalic dogs undergoing routine surgery or imaging were at higher risk of peri- and postanesthetic complications than nonbrachycephalic dogs. Careful monitoring is recommended for brachycephalic dogs in the perianesthetic period.
Investigation and characterization of Brucella canis infections in pet-quality dogs and associated human exposures during a 2007–2016 outbreak in Michigan
Authors: Johnson Cheri A. , Carter Todd D. , Dunn John R. , Baer Susan R. , Schalow Michele M. , Bellay Yvonne M. , Guerra Marta A. , Frank Nancy A.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE To estimate Brucella canis seropositivity rates for purebred dogs being bred by noncommercial breeders, describe epidemiological findings in infected commercial dog-production facilities, and characterize B canis infection in pet dogs and the risk to human health.

DESIGN Retrospective descriptive study.

SAMPLE 2,799 canine specimens submitted to the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for B canis testing and records of B canis reports provided to the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development from 2007 through 2016.

PROCEDURES Results of B canis laboratory tests and epidemiological findings for reported cases of B canis were reviewed and summarized. Federal and state public health officials were interviewed regarding human B canis infection. State veterinarians were interviewed regarding canine brucellosis reporting and control procedures.

RESULTS Estimated B canis seropositivity was 0.4% among purebred Michigan dogs owned by noncommercial breeders. Infection was confirmed in dogs from 17 commercial dog-production facilities, 3 shelters, and 1 rescue agency. Estimated infection prevalence in production facilities ranged from 2 of 22 (9%) to 5 of 6 (83%). Transfer of infected dogs involved 22 Michigan counties and 11 states. Seven of 20 privately owned infected dogs had diskospondylitis; I also had uveitis. Fifty-three veterinary hospital or diagnostic laboratory personnel had inadvertent exposure to the pathogen. Brucella canis was isolated from 1 commercial production facility owner.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE B canis was uncommon in purebred dogs being bred by noncommercial breeders but endemic in Michigan commercial facilities producing dogs destined to become household pets. Infected pet dogs caused human B canis exposure, and several pet dogs had debilitating disease not associated with the reproductive system.
Comparison of complication rates following elective arthroscopy performed as inpatient versus outpatient surgery in horses
Authors: Secor Erica J. , Gutierrez-Nibeyro Santiago D. , Clark-Price Stuart C.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE To report complication rates following elective arthroscopy in horses and determine whether postoperative complication rates are higher for outpatient procedures, compared with inpatient procedures.

DESIGN Retrospective cohort study.

ANIMALS 357 client-owned horses that had undergone 366 elective arthroscopic procedures between January 2008 and February 2015.

PROCEDURES Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected included signalment, travel time to the hospital, clinical signs, joints treated, lesions diagnosed, medications administered, anesthesia and surgery times, details of the procedure (including closure method and surgeons involved), and hospitalization status (inpatient or outpatient). Inpatients were horses that remained hospitalized overnight, and outpatients were horses that were discharged in the afternoon of the day of surgery. The collected data were analyzed along with follow-up information to identify factors associated with postoperative complications and potentially associated with hospitalization status.

RESULTS Data were collected on 366 elective arthroscopic procedures (outpatient, n = 168 [46%]; inpatient, 198 [54%]). Complications that occurred included bandage sores, catheter problems, colic, diarrhea, postoperative discomfort, esophageal impaction, fever, incisional drainage, postanesthetic myopathy, persistent synovitis, persistent lameness, septic arthritis, and osteochondral fragments not removed during the original surgery. None of these complications were associated with hospitalization status (outpatient vs inpatient). However, Standardbreds were overrepresented in the outpatient group, and anesthesia and surgery times were longer for the inpatient group.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that outpatient elective arthroscopy in healthy horses could be performed safely and without a higher risk of complications, com pared with similar procedures performed on an inpatient basis.
The Instrumental and Ideological Politicisation of Senior Positions in Poland’s Civil Service and its Selected Consequences
Authors: Mazur Stanisław , Możdżeń Michał , Oramus Marek
Published: July 2018

The article focuses on the problem of the civil service’s dependence on its political superiors in Poland in 1996–2017. It aims to analyse the motivations of politicians responsible for civil service reforms and to assess the impact of these reforms on the effectiveness of the corps’ functioning. The authors conceptualise the problem of politicisation of the civil service by referring to the theory of politicisation adding an extra dimension of political ideas and institutions as an important factor of change in Poland’s public administration system. The article describes the stages of civil service reform in Poland over the last twenty years, taking into account the political context, the most important postulated changes and the associated controversies with reference to the concepts outlined in the theoretical part. The study also comprises a relevant literature review based on a number of sources, including the reports published by the Head of the Civil Service in Poland, international databases (including Quality of Government) and specialist reports with a particular emphasis on research devoted to Central Europe. The findings paint a multi-layered and nuanced picture of the evolution of the Polish civil service and its strong associations with the issue of the so-called “unfinished transformation”. In addition the article confirms that both the instrumentalisation of institutions by the “camp” of political opportunists and their formal, radical reconstruction by the “ideological contrarians” resulting in the centralisation of power around the ruling parties have had a negative effect on the quality of civil service functioning in Poland.
Public Administration Reform in Czechia after 2000 – Ambitious Strategies and Modest Results ?
Authors: Špaček David
Published: July 2018

The chapter summarizes and discusses the main topics, developments and issues of Czech administrative reform, based on desk research, secondary literature on developments of administrative reform in the country and input obtained through mapping and analyzing ESF / ESIF support and interviews with employees of central bodies that are responsible for the coordination and evaluation of the use of ESF / ESIF support. It is based on findings prepared within the project European Public Administration Country Knowledge (EUPACK) that focused on researching dynamics of public administration in EU member states and the contribution of external support to improving public administration quality. The research indicates that partial results have been accomplished particularly in the following areas: openness and transparency, quality management implementation (by municipalities and regions) and e-government. Civil-service legislation has been consolidated rather recently, yet has changed various times, and this undermines every effort to evaluate its effects. A national PA evaluation system is being developed by the Ministry of the Interior but focuses (similarly to PA strategies and related operational programmes) on input indicators. This raises questions about possibilities to evaluate actual quality in PA and results of projects implemented within PA reforms.
Implementing a Government-Wide Unified and Transparent Salary System in Slovenia
Authors: Virant Gregor , Rakar Iztok
Published: July 2018

A major reform of the public sector salary system took place between 2003 and 2008, where public administration was included as one of the sub-sectors in a broader scheme, covering also the health care and social care sectors, the education sector and other parts of the public sector. The reform was extremely complex, and its development consisted of several phases. The reform resulted in a completely new salary system for the public sector. There are several tangible benefits of the reform; however, there are deficiencies, too, and some of them were amplified by measures inspired by the financial crisis. In our opinion, the changes should be focused on eliminating or drastically reducing de facto automatic promotion to higher salary grades, introducing more flexibility into the system without putting at risk its coherence and ensuring the budget for variable (performance-related) pay. Additionally, but with due caution, the option should also be considered and discussed to enable the government to classify certain positions in salary ranks higher than defined in the collective agreement, as a response to the situation on the labour market.
Trust in the Local Administration: A Comparative Study between Capitals and Non-Capital Cities in Europe
Authors: de Vries Michiel S , Sobis Iwona
Published: July 2018

Often a distinction is made between interpersonal and institutional trust, as the former is defined in terms of encapsulated interests, that is the idea that somebody will take your interests into account. Scholars have argued that this cannot be applied to institutions and that generalized institutional trust is therefore not a meaningful concept. This article disputes this reasoning by distinguishing this kind of trust in the governance of capital cities from such trust in non-capital cities. It argues that it can be doubted especially for the local administration in capital cities that they predominantly have the interests of their residents in mind when making decisions. The resulting hypothesis that residents of capital cities have less trust in their local administration than residents of non-capital cities is tested and confirmed through a secondary analysis of Urban Audit data. The analysis shows a significant effect in the predicted direction, which remains strong when controlling for the satisfaction with public issues, the respective region, and poverty of the respondent. The conclusion is that citizens in municipalities do know whether or not local institutions have their interests in mind when making decisions, which makes institutional trust equally meaningful a concept as interpersonal trust.
Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Concomitant Mitral Regurgitation Treated with a Septal Myectomy and MV Repair: A Case Report
Authors: Mitevska Irena , Srbinovska Elizabeta , Bosevski Marijan , Jovev Sasko , Dzemali Omer
Published: July 2018

Case presentation

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common and very heterogeneous genetic cardiac disease with a different clinical presentation and prognosis. The overall prevalence of the disease is estimated between 0.05-0.2% of the population. Left ventricular outflow obstruction at rest is present in about 20% of patients. Most of the patients have a normal life expectancy, however high risk patients might develop heart failure, atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

We present the case of 47-year-old Caucasian man who was hospitalized at our clinic with a history of chest pain and shortness of breath on physical activity in the last six months, which caused significant limitations of his life quality. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy was diagnosed in 2011, when the patient was put on therapy with beta blocker. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed normal systolic function, presence of systolic anterior mitral valve motion (SAM) with moderate mitral regurgitation (MR). There was a significant concentric left ventricular hypertrophy predominantly located in the ventricular septum. The intraventricular gradient at rest was 77.8 mmHg. MRI of the heart confirmed significant LV hypertrophy with regions of fibrosis at the septum. The patient shortness of breath worsened progressively in the last month (NYHA III) despite optimized medical treatment with maximal beta blocker dose. Surgical approach with septal myectomy was performed with mitral valve repair. There were no operative complications, with excellent postoperative recovery and complete symptoms resolution. Control Doppler echocardiograms revealed LVOT rest gradient reduction to 34 mmHg. The good operative results were still present 9 months after the intervention.

Our case confirmed that septal myectomy with MV repair is an excellent treatment approach in young patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and mitral valve involvement refractory to medical treatment.
Cultural Events as a Method for Creating a New Future for Museums
Authors: Jaremen Daria E. , Rapacz Andrzej
Published: July 2018

In the situation of insufficient subsidies for the substantive activities of museums, primarily the ones funded by the local governments, as well as low attendance of visitors, not really interested in the traditional offer of such institutions, there is an urgent need to extend it with additional elements corresponding to the expectations of a contemporary client. The observation of the thriving museums in Poland and worldwide indicates that cultural events represent such an attractive component which expands the museum offer. The article presents an attempt of explaining the role of cultural events in developing a museum product based on the analysis of a specific case of the Municipal Museum Gerhart Hauptmann’s House in Jelenia Góra-Jagniątków.
Diversitas Gender dan Nilai Perusahaan dengan Corporate Social Responsibility sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Fauziah Fitri Ella
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diversitas gender dan corporate social responsibility serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh corporate social responsibility dalam memediasi hubungan antara diversitas gender dengan nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder atas perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI. Pemilihan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Adapun teknik analisis data penelitian menggunakan bootstrapping. Temuan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah pertama, bahwa diversitas gender_CEO, CFO dan AC berpengaruh signifikan terhadap corporate social responsibility, sedangkan diversitas gender_COM tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap corporate social responsibility. Kedua, corporate social responsibility berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan mengontrol variabel diversitas gender_CEO, diversitas CFO dan COM, selain itu juga menghasilkan koefisien yang positif. Namun demikian, corporate social responsibility tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan mengontrol variabel diversitas gender_AC. Ketiga, corporate social responsibility memediasi hubungan antara diversitas gender_CEO dan CFO dan nilai perusahaan, sedangkan hubungan antara diversitas gender-COM dan AC dan nilai perusahaan tidak mampu dimediasi oleh corporate social responsibility.
Kata Kunci : diversitas gender, corporate social responsibility dan nilai perusahaan
Analisis Pengaruh PDRB, Tingkat Pengangguran, dan IPM Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Andhykha Ridho , Handayani Herniwati Retno , Woyanti Nenik
Published: July 2018

Abstrak

Tingginya tingkat kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah menunjukkan proses pembangunan ekonomi yang belum bisa meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara merata. Dengan demikian, diperlukan adanya analisis untuk mengetahui factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan dalam rangka mengatasi kemiskinan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), Tingkat Kemiskinan, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan pada 35 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dari tahun 2011 hingga 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan data cross-section terdiri dari 35 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan data time-series yaitu tahun 2011-2015. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam dalam mengestimasi model regresi data panel yaitu Fixed Effect Model (FEM) atau disebut juga Least Square Dummy Variable. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel laju pertumbuhan PDRB berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan. IPM berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan. Sedangkan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan.

 

Kata kunci:      Kemiskinan, Laju Pertumbuhan PDRB, Indeks Pembangunan                                 Manusia (IPM), Fixed Effect Model.

 

 

Abstract

The high level of poverty in Central Java shows unreliable development that still cannot increase prosperity equally. Hence, analysis is required to identify several factor that affect. This research’s purpose is to identify Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP), Unemployment Level, Human Development Index (HDI) that affect the poverty level of the poverty level of 35 Districts/Cities of Central Java Province from 2011 until 2016. This research uses secondary data containing 35 Districts/Cities of Central Java on cross section data and 2011 until 2016 on time series data. The analytical method of this research is Fixed Effect Model (FEM) or Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV). The results of this research show that Growth of GDRP gives positive and significant effect for poverty level. HDI give negative and significant effect for poverty level. On the other side, Unemployment Level give positive and significant effect for poverty level.

 

Keyword:        Poverty, Growth of GDRP, Human Development Index (HDI), Unemployment, Fixed Effect Model.
Khổng tử dạy Kinh Thi và những bài học gợi ý cho dạy học ngữ văn hiện nay
Authors: Tuan Anh Duong , Phuong Tran Hoai
Published: July 2018

Kinh Thi is one of the five classic books of Confucianism which was even considered "a textbook" of the whole society, learned and popularized by scholars at some times. Kinh Thi through the teachings of Confucius was scatteringly written in many ancient books in which, there were lots of teachings of great cultural and educational value becoming classics. This article focuses on some of the typical teachings that guide the teaching of Literature in Vietnam highschools. Basically, it reaffirms the sustainability of the methods that Confucius mentioned before.

Keywords

Kinh Thi, Confucius, teaching Literature

1. Tư Mã Thiên (nhà Hán): Sử kí, Trung Hoa thư cục, 1959 ( 司馬遷: 史記, 中華書局, 1959)2. Trương Yến Anh chú thích (2006): Luận ngữ, Trung Hoa thư cục (张燕婴 译注: 论语——中华经典藏书 , 中华书局 , 2006)3. Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo (2014), Tài liệu tập huấn dạy học và kiểm tra, đánh giá kết quả học tập theo định hướng phát triển năng lực của học sinh, NXB GDVN4. Lê Lưu Oanh, Phạm Đăng Dư (2008), Lí luận văn học, NXB ĐHSP Hà Nội5. Nguyễn Hồng Vân dịch (2011), Các phương pháp dạy học hiệu quả, NXB GDVN
STUDI KONSENTRASI CO AKIBAT KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KAWASAN PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA PADANG
Authors: Bachtiar Vera Surtia , Alfirna Vivin
Published: July 2018

The traditional market area in Padang City is an area with a fairly high transportation activity of motor vehicles. The aims of this study is to determine the air quality for CO parameter due to motor vehicles in Padang City. The measurement of CO concentration was conducted in the traditional markets in Padang City which were located near the highway, namely Bandar Bandar Market, Pasar Raya Padang Market and Lubuk Buaya Market to see the effect of motor vehicle on transportation activity. CO measurements were carried out using CO meters for one hour during peak hours (07.00-08.00, except for Pasar Raya Market, conducted at 16.00-17.00) and off-peak hours (10.00-11.00 wib). CO concentrations during peak hours range between 5.92 and 11.67 ppm, while in the off-peak hours between 4.58 and 9.25 ppm. The outside of the traditional market (8.50-11.67 ppm) which is located on the edge of the highway, has a higher CO concentration than the inside (4.58-5.92 ppm). The measured CO concentrations in each location are below the national air quality standards. It means, the presence of traffic flow in the traditional market area in Padang City affects air quality on the edge of the highway, but not so affect the air quality in the inside area in the traditional market.Keywords: Transportation, Motor Vehicle, CO Concentration, Traditional Market.ABSTRAKKawasan pasar tradisional Kota Padang merupakan kawasan dengan aktivitas transportasi kendaraan bermotor yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas udara untuk parameter CO akibat kendaraan bermotor di Kota Padang. Pengukuran konsentrasi CO dilakukan di pasar tradisional di Kota Padang yang berada dekat jalan raya, yaitu Pasar Bandar Buat, Pasar Raya Padang dan Pasar Lubuk Buaya untuk melihat pengaruhnya dari aktivitas transportasi kendaraan bermotor. Pengukuran CO dilakukan menggunakan CO meter selama satu jam pada jam sibuk (07.00-08.00 wib, kecuali untuk Pasar raya Padang, dilakukan pukul 16.00-17.00 wib) dan jam senggang (10.00-11.00 wib). Konsentrasi CO saat jam sibuk berkisar 5,92â€“11,67 ppm, sedangkan pada jam senggang sebesar 4,58 â€“ 9,25 ppm. Bagian luar pasar tradisional (8,50â€“11,67 ppm) memiliki konsentrasi CO lebih tinggi dari pada bagian dalamnya (4,58-5,92 ppm). Konsentrasi CO terukur di setiap lokasi masih berada di bawah baku mutu. Artinya, adanya arus lalu lintas di kawasan pasar tradisional di Kota Padang mempengaruhi kualitas udara pada pinggir jalan raya, tetapi tidak begitu mempengaruhi kualitas udara di kawasan dalam pasar tradisonal tersebut.Kata kunci: Transportasi, Kendaraan Bermotor, Konsentrasi CO, Pasar tradisional.
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI BAHAN BAKU KOMPOS (SAMPAH PASAR, ARANG AMPAS TEBU DAN RUMEN SAPI) TERHADAP KUALITAS KOMPOS
Authors: Dewilda Yommi , Maryam Annisa
Published: July 2018

These research combines market waste (MW), charcoal sugar waste (CSW), cow rumen (CR) and compos (C) as raw materials of compost. The composter consists of 5 variations; variation 1 (80% MW: 20% GW), variation 2 (80% MW: 10% CSW: 10% C), variation 3 (80% MW: 10% CSW: 10% RS), Variation 4 (70% MW: 10% CSW: 10% CR: 10% C) and variation 5 (60% MW: 20% CSW: 10% CR: 10% C). This research aims to analyze the effect of composition of compost raw material variation to obtain the most optimum variation for the composting process. The method was takakura semi aerob composting. The result of observation were on compost maturity and quality that have fulfilled SNI 19-7030-2004 standart in micro element. The quantity of compost solids 0.8-1.1 liter. Based on the results of scoring on the maturity, quality, and quantity of compost, obtained the best variation was variation 2 which has time to compost for 8 day.Keywords: charcoal sugar waste, cow rumen, market waste, quality, quantityABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkombinasikan bahan baku sampah pasar (SP), arang ampas tebu (AAT), rumen sapi (RS), dan Kompos Jadi (KJ). Komposter terdiri dari 5 variasi yaitu variasi 1 (80% SP:20% AAT), variasi 2 (80% SP:10% AAT:10% KJ), variasi 3 (80% SP:10% AAT:10% RS), variasi 4 (70% SP:10% AAT:10% RS:10% KJ), variasi 5 (60% SP:20% AAT:10% RS:10% KJ). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan komposisi bahan baku yang optimum dengan metode yang digunakan yaitu pengomposan semi aerob dan menggunakan teknik pengomposan komposter takakura. Setiap variasi diuji kematangan dan kualitas kompos lalu dibandingkan dengan SNI 19-7030-2004 pada parameter unsur makro. Kuantitas hasil kompos yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 0,8-1,1 liter. Dosis optimum yang baik untuk dijadikan kompos yang dinilai dari sistem skoring yaitu campuran pada variasi 2 dengan waktu lamanya pengomposan yaitu selama 8 hari.Kata Kunci: Arang ampas tebu, kuantias, kualitas, rumen sapi, sampah pasar.
Akıllı evler için sesli komut algılama yöntemleri
Authors: Güneş Hüseyin , Bicakcı Sabri
Published: July 2018

Akıllı ev sistemi evin aydınlatma, güvenlik, havalandırma, sıcaklık vb. sistemlerinin kullanıcı tarafından daha kolay kontrol ve takip edilebilmesini sağlamaktadır. Günümüzde birçok araştırmacı ve teknoloji şirketi akıllı evler üzerine çalışmalar yürütmektedir. Çalışmaların bir alanı da akıllı evlerin sesli komutlar ile herhangi bir kumanda aletine gerek kalmadan yönetilebilmesidir. Sesli komutlar ile bir sistemin yönetilmesi için 1950’lerden başlayarak günümüze kadar birçok çalışma yapılmış ve yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada da bugüne değin alanda yapılmış çalışmalar ve çalışmalar sonucunda ortaya çıkmış algoritma, ürün, servis vb. incelenmiş, bunların bir akıllı ev sisteminin sesli komutlar ile çalışabilmesi için hangi durumlarda kullanılabileceği ve hangi durumlarda ne gibi avantaj ve dezavantajlara sahip olduğu araştırılmıştır.
A Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 Based on Wireless Sensor Network for Small-Scale Application
Authors: Farej Ziyad K. , Abdul-hameed Ali M.
Published: July 2018

This paper evaluates the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 standard Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in star topology of small scale applications. The performance of the network is analyzed in terms of end to end delay, maximum throughput and number of network devices with respect to the payload. This analysis which is devoted for biomedical applications is performed theoretically and compared with a practical analysis using the network simulator Opnet modeler (version 14.5) in order to validate this theoretical analysis.
The effects of Heat Treatment (T6) Technique and some Centrifugal Casting Parameters on the Fatigue Behavior of the Composite Material (A380/Al2O3)
Authors: AbdulJabbar Salah F. , ALSultan Thaer F.A. , H. Faris , Mechanical Mohand A. Hamid
Published: July 2018

Aluminum alloys composite is one of the most common types of composite materials that are widely used in the recent years. This paper deals with the effects of the heat treatment techniques and some centrifugal casting parameters on the fatigue behavior of the composite material (A380/ Al2O3) for high-cycle fatigue resistance which is one of the most important properties for the automotive industry. Aluminum alloy A380 is used with alumina particles Al2O3 to form a composite material through the process of centrifugal casting. The proportions are 10% and 20% with a grain size 63μm. Then, thirty-two models of composite material (A380/Al2O3) have been manufactured. Half of them are examined directly without treatment while the other half was treated with (T6) and then examined. The results showed that adding the amount of alumina 20% without heat treatment will increase relatively resistant composite material for the fatigue resistance by 17% percentage. Adding 10% alumina to the composite material causes distortion of the surface structure samples which marked by blisters and are completely discolored. A high Alumina content improves the fatigue behavior of the composite material (A380/ Al2O3).
Analyses of the Base Isolated Buildings; Nonlinear Model Time History Versus Codes' Methods
Authors: Al-Jubair Haider S. , Majeed Fareed H.
Published: July 2018

Multi-story hypothetical reinforced concrete buildings of variable geometric configurations (symmetrical, vertically irregular, horizontally irregular, with and without shear walls); with the isolated bases via high damping rubber bearing and friction pendulum systems, are analyzed using finite element method under seismic load function (North-South component of the ground motion that recorded at a site in El Centro, California in 1940) via SAP2000-V16 software. Four methods of analysis are adopted. The accuracy of the nonlinear model time history is compared with that recommended by the international codes, namely; nonlinear direct integration, equivalent lateral force, and response spectrum methods. The bilinear hysteretic model of base isolation system and the Rayleigh damping framework for superstructure are adopted. The results support the powerful nonlinear model time history analysis, due to the negligible deviations from those predicted by the robust nonlinear direct integration method. The response spectrum method is proved to be more reliable than the equivalent lateral force method which over predicts the displacement and rotation profiles for the isolated buildings.
Increasing NaCl Concentration by using Precipitation and Filtration Process at Optimum Temperature
Authors: Abdulla Maysoon Anwar
Published: July 2018

The sodium chloride salt or (food salt) is commonly used for consumption in our homes, as well as a raw material in industries and laboratories. The quality of this salt mainly depends on the sodium chloride concentration. The aim of this research is to obtain an optimum condition in production of NaCl industrial salt by using sedimentation and filtration process in order to achieve high concentration of industrial salt. The research has been conducted in two parts, mathematical calculations by mathematical models and experiment process by mixing the stearic acid with NaOH solution to produce the sodium stearic and the solution has been mixed with sea water, then the white solid was emerged, there are a calcium stearic and magnesium stearic. The final step is the filtration of evaporated mixture to obtain the intended salt concentration. Results obtained indicate that both result data are approximately identical with small deviation. The maximum concentration obtained of NaCl is 95% at optimum temperature of 83 oC.
Sampling of Tissues with Laser Ablation for bottom-up Proteomics: Comparison of Picosecond Infrared Laser (PIRL) and Microsecond Infrared Laser (MIRL)
Authors: Krutilin Andrey , Maier Stephanie , Schuster Raphael , Kruber Sebastian , Kwiatkowski Marcel , Robertson Wesley D. , Miller Dwayne R. J. , Schluter Hartmut
Published: July 2018

The analysis of proteomes directly from tissues requires the proteins to be released from the cells and their compartments and solubilized, which usually is achieved by mechanical homogenization. It was recently shown, that sampling of tissues with the novel picosecond infrared laser (PIRL) offers higher yields of proteins with respect to the total amount and total number of individual proteins in comparison to mechanical homogenization. Furthermore, proteins obtained from tissues by homogenization with PIRL are significantly less enzymatically degraded, giving improved access to the original composition of proteoforms. The effective cold vaporization of tissue with PIRL is very soft, which is responsible for the phenomenon, that even enzymatic activities of proteins in the tissue aerosol are maintained. In contrast, the energy following irradiation of tissue with microsecond infrared laser (MIRL) pulses is not thermally and acoustically confined to the ablated volume. In this study, PIRL (1 J·cm-2) and MIRL (40-60 J·cm-2) were compared for sampling different tissue types for bottom-up proteomics. We showed that PIRL at low fluence is optimal for soft tissue and desired in scenarios were enzymatic activities of proteins must be maintained as well as were no residual tissue damage is a requirement. MIRL could be well suited for scenarios were enzymatic activities must be suppressed within the intact tissue and thermal and acoustic damage is not a concern.
Defensa preventiva de la democracia: la posición del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Solar Cayón José Ignacio
Published: July 2018

Las libertades de expresión y de asociación son esenciales para garantizar la apertura del sistema democrático, pero también pueden ser utilizadas para minar sus fundamentos. Por esta razón, el Consejo de Europa decidió establecerun sistema capaz de defenderse frente a posibles amenazasantidemocráticas. Y este espíritu quedó reflejado en el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos. El Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, a la hora de evaluar si un determinado programa político puede tomar parte en el proceso democrático, ha establecido una doble exigencia: que los medios utilizados sean pacíficos y que el proyecto político propugnado sea democrático. Por tanto, puede excluirse legítimamente la defensa democrática de un proyecto antidemocrático. En virtud de ello, el Tribunal ha formulado en Refah Partisi v. Turkey una doctrina de la defensa preventiva de la democracia que suscita complejas y delicadas cuestiones.
Liberales y comunitaristas: el dilema acerca de la fundamentación de los derechos
Authors: Castro Blanco Elías
Published: July 2018

El desarrollo de esta iniciativa tiene como propósito cimentar con argumentos y categorías propias de la filosofía política, la génesis, estructura y desarrollo de los derechos humanos a partir de dos tradiciones que han ocupado buena parte de las reflexiones en el debate actual: liberales (Rawls y Habermas) y comunitaristas (Taylor y MacIntyre). Si bien existe una gran cantidad de información en torno a estas versiones encontradas, la mayoría de autores que teorizan acerca de los derechos humanos ponen el acento en la normatividad existente a nivel nacional e internacional ratificado por los países en un momento dado, pero pocos se preocupan por su fundamentación. En este orden de ideas, se pretende contraponer estas dos grandes tradiciones que ocupan en buena medida las reflexionesactuales en el ámbito académico.
Estructura de los ingresos territoriales en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Cubides Pedro Alfonso
Published: July 2018

Los ingresos permiten a las entidades territoriales el cumplimiento de sus funciones y competencias, especialmente a través de la provisión de bienes y servicios públicos. La estructura de los referidos ingresos es abordada teniendo en cuenta lo señalado en el literal a. del artículo 11 del Estatuto Orgánico del Presupuesto, Decreto 111 de 1996, que los clasifica en ingresos corrientes, contribuciones parafiscales, fondos especiales, recursos de capital e ingresos de los establecimientos públicos.
Peningkatan Kandungan Protein Mi Instan dari Substitusi Tepung Jagung dengan Tepung Kacang Hijau
Authors: Canti Meda , Anggrahini Sri , Triwitono Priyanto
Published: July 2018

The efforts to diversify food products can be done by substitution of wheat flour with corn flour on instant noodle. Protein content of corn flour is low, so it is added with mungbean flour. The aim of this research was to increase protein content of instant noodle by substitution of corn flour with addition of 0-20% mungbean flour and to evaluate the physical, sensory and chemical properties of instant noodles. This study was preceded by a reduction phytate content on mungbean flour with boiling and soaking. Ratio of wheat flour and corn flour as control of 8:2. The addition of mungbean flour of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Instant noodles were analyzed for physical, sensory and chemical properties. The result show that boiling treatment of mungbean decreased the phytate content higher than soaking treatment. Rehydration capacity, expansion ratio, flavor, elasticity of instant noodles with added of soaked mungbean flour of 5-20% and boiled mungbean flour of 5-10% same as control instant noodles. Instant noodle with added of soaked mungbean flour of 20% was able to increase protein content 1.38 fold with protein content 13.14% db, while with added of boiled mungbean flour of 10% was able to increase protein content 1.13 fold with protein content 10.82% db. Keywords : instant noodle; wheat flour; corn; mung bean; protein
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) melalui Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL)
Authors: Tarwiyah Tarwiyah
Published: July 2018

Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) merupakan salah satu pelajaran yang diberikan mulai SD/MI mengkaji seperangkat peristiwa, fakta, dan generalisasi yang berkaitan dengan fenomena alam serta kehidupan makhluk. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui gambaran objektif tentang peningkatan hasil belajar IPS dengan metode contekstual teaching and learning (ctl) pada siswa Kelas VI Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 di SDN 3 Ngadirejo   Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek. Subjek yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V semester II tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 di SDN 3 Ngadirejo  Kecamatan Pogalan  Kabupaten Trenggalek, yang berjumlah yang berjumlah 32 siswa, terdiri dari 17 siswa laki-laki dan 15 siswa perempuan. Instrumen pengumpulan data adalah tes. Teknik analisis yang dipakai rata-rata dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, pada akhir siklus I siswa tuntas mencapai 25 siswa (78%), sedangkan pada akhir  siklus II mencapai 29 siswa (91%). Kenaikan atau peningkatan ketuntasan belajar adalah sebanyak 4 siswa atau 13%. Kesimpulan yang dapat diperoleh bahwa penggunaan metode contekstual teaching and learning dalam pembelajaran, terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada siswa Kelas VI Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 di SDN 3 Ngadirejo Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPS Melalui Pemberian Tugas Membuat Kesimpulan dengan Kartu Pada Siswa SMP
Authors: Ta'awan Ta'awan
Published: July 2018

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi kesulitan-kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal IPS yang berkaitan dengan Sub Tema Tumbuh dan berkembannya semangat kebangsaan pada pembelajaran IPS semester 2 kelas II-A. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana   dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Subyek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas II-A SMP Negeri 1 Kota Blitar, dengan jumlah laki-laki 14 orang dan siswa perempuan sebanyak 19 orang. Penelitian ini berlangsung selama 3 siklus dengan jumlah tatap muka sebanyak 6 kali. Data setiap siklus diperoleh melalui kuesioner motivasi, respon siswa terhadap materi kegiatan belajar mengajar, nilai hasil Pra Siklus serta catatan hasil pengamatan guru mitra. Dari kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa dengan pemberian tugas membuat kesimpulan dengan kartu tingkat keaktifan siswa dalam belajar kelompok pada siklus 1 siswa yang aktif membuat kesimpulan dengan kartu sebesar 62% , siswa yang aktif mencatat pelajaran 69,1% dan siswa yang memperoleh nilai kategori baik dan amat baik sebesar 80,96% ; Pada siklus 2 siswa yang aktif membuat kesimpulan dengan kartu sebesar 69,05% , siswa yang aktif mencatat pelajaran 76,2% dan siswa yang memperoleh nilai kategori baik dan amat baik sebesar 85,72% ; Pada siklus 3 siswa yang aktif membuat bimpulan dengan kartu sebesar 85,70%, siswa yang aktif mencatat pelajaran 90,47% dan siswa yang memperoleh nilai kategori baik dan amat baik sebesar 92,85%.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Kajian Teks Deskripsi melalui Model Jigsaw Siswa SMP
Authors: Masruroh Anik
Published: July 2018

Rendahnya hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia salah satu penyebabnya adalah pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia cenderung kepada pembelajaran bersifat konvensional yaitu hanya  menggunakan metode ceramah, sedangkan pada hakekatnya pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia  menuntut siswa dapat berpartisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran, siswa dapat mencari dan  menemukan  masalahnya sendiri (KTSP menuju ke Kurikulum 2013). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan jawaban objektif tentang peningkatan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia materi  struktur dan unsur kebahasaan dari teks deskripsi tentang objek melalui model jigsaw pada siswa kelas VII A  semester 1  tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 di SMP Negeri 2 Watulimo. Siklus penelitian meliputi planning (rencana), action (tindakan), observation (pengamatan), dan refleksi (refleksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tes siklus I jumlah nilai yang diperoleh 1820, rata-rata 70 dengan persentase ketuntasan 76,92% sedangkan pada penelitian siklus II jumlah nilai yang diperoleh 2020, rata-rata 77,69 dengan ketuntasan 96,15%. Peningkatan ketuntasan hasil belajar terlihat pada siklus I  dengan rata-rata nilai 70, rata-rata nilai siklus II 77,69 sehingga   meningkat   sebesar 7,69.   Ketuntasan   siklus I sebesar 76,92%, siklus II sebesar 96,15%, sehingga meningkat sebesar 19,23%. Dari hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa model jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia materi struktur dan unsur kebahasaan dari teks deskripsi tentang objek pada siswa kelas VII A semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 di SMP Negeri 2 Watulimo.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Metode Bernyanyi di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Yusmanto Yusmanto
Published: July 2018

Hasil belajar Matematika pada siswa kelas III MI Muhammadiyah Salamrejo Kecamatan Karangan tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 pada materi bangun datar masih di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) dan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru. Tujuan penelitian memperoleh gambaran obyektif peningkatan hasil belajar matematika materi bangun datar dengan metode bernyanyi pada siswa kelas III Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Salamrejo Trenggalek pada semester II tahun pelajaran 2016/2017, metode penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas VI MI Muhammadiyah Salamrejo tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 dari bulan Januari sampai dengan Maret 2017. Jumlah siswa yang diamati dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 25 siswa. Hasil nilai siklus I siswa yang mencapai ketuntasan 13 dengan persentase 52,00%, sedangkan siswa yang nilainya belum mencapai ketuntasan sebanyak 12 siswa dengan persentase 42,00 %. Pada siklus II dilihat dari rata-rata tes siswa adalah siswa yang mencapai ketuntasan 23 siswa dengan persentase 92,00%, sedangkan siswa yang hasil belajarnya belum  tuntas sebanyak 2 orang dengan persentase 8,00%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran dengan metode bernyanyi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika pada siswa kelas III Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Salamrejo Trenggalek.
Towards an Open Source Stack to Create a Unified Data Source for Software Analysis and Visualization
Authors: Müller Richard , Mahler Dirk , Hunger Michael , Nerche Jens , Harrer Markus
Published: July 2018

The beginning of every software analysis and visualization process is data acquisition. However, there are various sources of data about a software system. The methods used to extract the relevant data are as diverse as the sources are. Furthermore, integration and storage of heterogeneous data from different software artifacts to form a unified data source are very challenging. In this paper, we introduce an extensible open source stack to take the first step to solve these challenges. We show its feasibility by analyzing and visualizing JUnit and provide answers regarding the schema, selection, and implementation of software artifacts' data.