bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of internet addiction and its impact on selected psychological parameters among UG nursing students
Authors: Parmar Jitendra S. , Kumbhakar Samundy
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Currently, the use of the internet is one of the most important tools, which may lead to negative or positive impact on college or school students. The excessive use of electronic media may lead to change in the mood, an inability to resist internet usage, a diminishing social life, withdrawal symptoms while unengaged, affecting self-esteem, and adverse work or academic consequences. The main objective of this study is to explore Internet use and its impact on selected psychological parameters such as depression and insomnia among undergraduate (UG) nursing students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 385 college students selected by purposive sampling technique were included in the study. Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT20) for Internet addiction (IA) assessment, and Beck's depression inventory Scale to assess level of depression, and insomnia severity index (ISI) scale to measure insomnia were used.

RESULTS:

Among 385 participants, 175 and 210 were male and female, respectively. Demographic variables such as pursuing course, study year, use of Internet/day; and the purpose of Internet use such as social networking, games, entertainment, pornography, and news were significantly associated with IA. Depression and insomnia were found to be correlated with IA.

CONCLUSION:

Internet usage more than the normal limit has a profound effect on college or school students, in particular, depression and insomnia. At times, it ends up in problems in their social and family relationship.
Absenteeism among undergraduate medical students and its impact on academic performance
Authors: Mitra Sayeli , Sarkar Paramita , Bhattacharyya Suchetana , Basu Rivu
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Student absenteeism is a major concern for undergraduate medical education training in India. Regular class attendance helps students have a proper understanding of the topic of discussion. This study explores the pattern of absenteeism among medical students and whether absenteeism is associated with their academic performances.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A record-based, cross-sectional study was done by reviewing departmental attendance registers, item cards and marks obtained in exam by 190 students in the community medicine department who had passed their 3rd professional part 1 examination in 2018. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16. A descriptive analysis summarizes the pattern of absenteeism and their marks obtained in the semester and professional exam of community medicine. The primary outcome indicator was the 3rd professional exam marks. The correlation between class absenteeism and other predictors and exam result was analyzed. Regression analysis was done to predict dependence of outcome variable on class attendance and formative examination marks.

RESULTS:

Overall, female students had better class attendance than male students. There was a positive correlation of lecture class attendance (r = 0.369) and marks obtained in the 6th semester exam (r = 0.717) with the final exam result. Further regression analysis showed final marks had a higher dependence on the 6th semester examination score (B = 0.669) when compared to lecture class attendance (B = 0.051).

CONCLUSION:

Although lecture class attendance is an important predictor of final result, this study showed that the 6th semester marks were a better predictor. This may be due to multiple factors (alternate source of learning, student's motivation, etc.) which require further exploration.
Maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcomes in Afghanistan
Authors: Rostamzadeh Mehran , Ezadi Zainab , Hosseini Maryam , Husseini Abbas Ali
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

A healthy pregnancy and its outcomes are highly dependent on maternal health literacy. This is the first study that targets the association between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcomes of women in Afghanistan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a cross-sectional study on 200 women who received a prenatal care program and have given birth at Barchi National – 100 beds hospital in Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan. As a convenient sample, they answered Maternal Health Literacy and Pregnancy Outcome Questionnaire with 5-point Likert scales. We tested the correlation between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome scores via the Pearson's correlation coefficient. The potential association of socio-demographic and fertility variables with both maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome was tested via independent samples t-test or one-way ANOVA. All analysis was performed with a 95% confidence level and a significant level was defined as a P value ≤0.05.

RESULTS:

The maternal health literacy of Afghan women is inadequate. Maternal health literacy is linked to pregnancy outcome, and both were associated with education level, age, number of gravidities, number of received care, and time that onset the prenatal care. Nutshell, we found evidence of a positive and significant correlation between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome.

CONCLUSION:

This study brings forth the novel data on maternal health literacy of Afghan women, the members of society that face health crises for more than half a century. This study calls for recognition that inadequate maternal health literacy in Afghanistan significantly influences prenatal care quality and perpetuates the biggest challenge for maternal and child health through pregnancy outcomes.
An exploratory study on the application of screening of activity limitation and safety awareness (SALSA) scale for evaluation of activity limitation among elderly
Authors: Peter Roshni Mary , Joseph Alex
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Aging poses a significant risk for activity and functional limitations. Problems among aged populations are interrelated, and these problems can lead to other disorders and finally leave a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL) This study used the screening of activity limitation and safety awareness (SALSA) scale to screen and measure activity limitations among the elderly.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 928 elderly from the three districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The SALSA scale was administered via a door-to-door interview, and data analysis was carried out. Simple random sampling was used to obtain the study subjects in the selected study area. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were performed to find the association between selected risk factors.

RESULTS:

Among the 928 elderly, 53.7% of them were males, 84.9% were between the age of 60 and 69 years, and 31% were 70 years and above. The study found that 66.5% of the elderly have mild activity limitations, 15.7% of them had moderate limitations, 4.8% of them had severe limitations, around 3% of them had extreme limitations, and 10.3% of them had no significant limitations. The binary logistic regression found people of age 65 and above (OR = 3.80), female gender (OR = 2.90), with hypertension (OR = 1.95), vision problem (OR = 1.92), decreased sensation of the foot (OR = 3.41), as the significant independent risk factors for activity limitation among the elderly.

CONCLUSION:

The study found self-reported activity limitations among the elderly to be nearly 90%. The SALSA scale may be used as a handy tool to identify the activity limitation in community-based geriatric checkups.
Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Uzaktan Eğitim Alan Öğrencilerin Uzaktan Eğitime Bakış Açıları ve Memnuniyetlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GERÇEK Hasan , AYTAR Ayça , AYTAR Aydan
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde uzaktan veya hibrit eğitim almış üniversite öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim bakış açılarını ve memnuniyetlerini değerlendirmek idi.Yöntem: Çalışma uzaktan veya hibrit eğitim almış 692 gönüllü üniversite öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin verileri online olarak Google formlar üzerinden toplandı. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri, haftalık uzaktan eğitim gün sayıları, günlük uzaktan eğitim süreleri, ders dışı bilgisayar kullanım süreleri, eğitim seviyeleri, eğitim aldıkları kurum, internete ulaşım kolaylıkları, uzaktan eğitime ulaşma şekilleri ve uzaktan eğitimde pratik ders alıp almadıkları sorgulandı. Katılımcıların uzaktan eğitime bakış açıları ve memnuniyetleri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 16 sorudan oluşan 5’li likert ölçek ile değerlendirilir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların “Uzaktan eğitimde derslerin tekrar izlenebilmesinin öğrenmeyi olumlu etkilediğini düşünüyorum” sorusuna verdikleri cevap en yüksek memnuniyet puanını alır iken (4.14 ± 1.01), “Uzaktan eğitim ile örgün eğitimin pratik/uygulama/laboratuvar içerikli dersler ile aynı imkânı vermiş olduğunu düşünüyorum” sorusuna verdikleri cevap en düşük memnuniyet puanı (1.91 ± 1.08) olarak kaydedildi.Sonuç: Eğitim sisteminin bir parçası olan uzaktan eğitim teorik dersleri desteklemek için ideal bir yöntem olsa da pratik/uygulamalı dersler için yetersiz kalmaktadır. Özellikle mesleki gelişim için pratik/uygulamalı derslerin önemi göz önüne alındığında bu dersler için hibrit eğitim modelinin uzaktan eğitim modeline göre daha avantajlı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Serbest Ebelik Konusundaki Görüş ve Beklentilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: EKŞİOĞLU Aysun , BAYKAL AKMEŞE Zehra , YÜCEL Ummahan , DEMİR Emine
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma ebelik öğrencilerinin serbest ebelik mesleği hakkında görüş ve beklentilerini belirlemek amacıyla uygulanmıştır.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmanın evrenini bir üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 463 ebelik öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilere araştırmanın içeriğine ilişkin bilgi verilerek yazılı onamları alınmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında anket formu öğrencilere dağıtılarak bireysel olarak doldurmaları istenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde sosyo-demografik özellikler için sayı yüzde dağılımları ve bağımsız değişkenlerin bağımlı değişken üzerindeki etkisi ki kare testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin % 86.8’i serbest ebeliği bildiğini, %52.2’si bölüm etkinlikleri, %38.5’i ise sosyal medyadan öğrenmiştir. Öğrencilerin %21.2’si serbest ebelik yapmayı istemekte, bu öğrencilerin %34.4’ü ise bağımsız ebelik rollerini yerine getirebilmek için isteklidir. Öğrencilerin %82.7’si Türkiye’de serbest ebeliğin yapılabileceğini düşünmektedir. Öğrencilerin %78.4’ü serbest ebelerin mesleki otonomilerini/bağımsız rollerini kullanabildiklerini düşünmektedir. Serbest ebelik hizmetlerinin yürütülmesinde en büyük engel olarak toplumsal bilinç eksikliği (%27.4), yasal düzenleme ve sağlık politikalarının uygulanmasındaki aksaklıklar (%26.0) olduğu belirtilmiştir. Sonuç: Serbest ebelik, öğrencilerin kariyer hedefleri arasında yer almakta olup, bu konunun eğitim programına entegre edilmesi, uygulanması ve yasal boyutlarıyla ele alınması önemli görülmektedir.
Investigation of The Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized By Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Aqueous Lysate on In-Vitro Wound Healing Model
Authors: ERDOĞAN Ömer , CEVİK Ozge
Published: January 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the toxic and wound-healing behaviours of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles synthesized with an aqueous lysate of sourdough (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on L929 mouse fibroblast cells.Method: Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by microwave method using the aqueous lysate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles was accomplished with Ultraviolet-Visible region spectroscopy (UV-Vis), SEM and Zeta sizer. The toxic behavior of ZnONPs at concentrations of 1, 10, 100, 1000 µg/mL and their effects on wound healing were investigated in-vitro in L929 cells.Results: A sharp peak was observed at 360-380 nm specific to ZnO in the UV spectrum. In the zeta analysis, the mean size of ZnO nanoparticles was 512.8±16 nm and the zeta charge was -30.38±3.12 mV. It was found that L929 cells treated with ZnONPs did not show dose-dependent manner. A significant increase was found in the wound closure amount of L929 cells applied 10, 100 and 1000 µg/mL ZnONPs compared to the control group cells.Conclusion: In-vitro wound healing effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles synthesized with Saccharomyces cerevisiae aqueous lysate show that these nanoparticles have the potential to be used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Ruhsal Bozukluğu Olan Hastalarda Damgalanma ve Suç
Authors: ÖNDER Dilek , KESKİN Gülseren
Published: January 2023

Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyler genel olarak toplumda tehlikeli ve uzak durulması gereken kişiler olarak görülmektedirler. Toplum tarafından korkulan ve ayrıştırılan bu bireyler gerekli tedavilere ulaşma konusunda isteksizlik yaşamakta, sosyal hayatlarından kopmakta ve çoğu zaman yalnız bırakılmaktadırlar. Çoğunlukla da karşılaştıkları tutum nedeniyle izole bir hayat sürmek zorunda kalmaktadırlar. Ruhsal bozukluğu olan hastalar damgalanmanın bir etkisi olarak bazen suçla ilişkilendirilmekte bazen de suçun bizzat kurbanı olabilmektedir. Bu derlemede literatür taraması yoluyla ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerde damgalanmanın neden olduğu olumsuz durumlar ve damgalanma ile suç kavramı arasındaki ilişki üzerinde durulmuştur. Derleme, hastalıkları nedeniyle toplumdan soyutlanan bu bireylerin toplumun bir parçası olduğunun ve olumlu tutumlarla birlikte daha fazla rehabilite olabilecekleri yönünde farkındalığın artması açışından önemlidir.
Revisiting 'Great Media Debate': Technology-Mediated Learning and Ground Realities Across the Indian Institutes of Technology
Authors: Pushpanadham Karanam , Mandal Sayantan , Sareen Sheriya
Published: January 2023

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, curriculum planners are giving more weightage to online learning. However, it would be incomplete to re-imagine curricula without considering the factors impacting learning. In this context, the ‘Great Media Debate’ (GMD), initiated between Richard Clark and Robert Kozma in the 1990s, discusses the factors influencing learning. While Clark focuses on instructional methods, Kozma posits that both methods and media impact learning. Our study re-visits the GMD in the present context of online learning and extends it, making it more heuristic by adding a specific contextual social factor, i.e., Availability and Accessibility of the Internet (A2I) at the individual/ household level to the debate.  We build our proposition based on the 11,489 learners’ responses collected as a part of the Pan-IIT study in India and focus on the case study of one specific institution, IIT Jammu. The analysis using chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests, and descriptive statistics finds strong evidence for A2I to impact online learning, thereby broadening the GMD. A2I also influences the media by shaping the learners’ preferences for the media used in traditional classrooms. Finally, it brings out the rural-urban divide due to unequal internet distribution, raising the possibility of a more exclusionary curriculum for the learners. We conclude that there is a need for the contextual social factor, i.e., A2I, among others, to be strongly acknowledged in the GMD, enabling it to take a more comprehensive form and consequently, holding the potential to enrich the curricular reimagination.
Engendering Technology-Assisted Pedagogy for Effective Instructional Strategy in the University of Namibia Language Centre
Authors: Hamakali Hafeni Pamwenase Shikalepo , Josua Lukas Matati
Published: January 2023

The advent of COVID-19 disrupted existing socio-economic activities and has unveiled digital inequities and injustices. The pandemic led to a forced migration of education activities towards the new normal using technology-assisted pedagogies around the globe, Africa and Namibia is no exception. This paper attempts to report on how the blended-learning strategy for the Academic Writing for Postgraduate Students course was developed in the University of Namibia. The study used the Flipped Approach as a framework which guides self-reflection, active cognitive processing, interaction and peer-teaching. The paper used a combination of empirical as well as theoretical-based research. Firstly, a Google Form questionnaire was used to obtain quantitative data that profiled students. A conveniently sampled respondents participated in the study. Secondly, a reflective practice is applied to highlight the use of a technology-assisted learning strategy that enables effective pedagogic access to Academic Writing for Postgraduate Students at the University of Namibia’s Business School. The student-profiling results showed that more students preferred the blended learning mode, which makes them less likely to resist the proposed strategy. It also emerged that all the students have technology devices, which makes it possible to engage in the learning processes that involve the usage of technology. Post-COVID-19, stakeholders in the higher education context should re-imagine the traditional stances in order to transform the way teaching, learning and assessment shall be enabled after the crisis. This calls for educators to re-invigorate, re-imagine, re-think, re-construct and de-construct the way they conduct pedagogic activities.
Teaching Emergent Bilinguals: How In-service Teachers’ Perception of First Language Acquisition Theories Inform Practice
Authors: Dwomoh Razak Kwame , Osei-Tutu Araba A. Z. , Oudghiri Stephanie , Chhikara Alankrita , Zhou Lili , Bell Troy
Published: January 2023

Different writers, linguists, and researchers present nuances in language acquisition theories. However, few studies explore in-service teachers’ voices in such discourses. It is, therefore, imperative to explore the voices of in-service teachers in such narratives as they teach emergent bilinguals (EBs) and culturally and linguistically diverse students. This paper examined how in-service teachers perceive First Language Acquisition (FLA) theories and how those perceptions influence teaching EBs and informing classroom practice. Centering on Freeman and Freeman’s discussion of five FLA theories (imitation, reinforcement, behaviorist, social interaction, active construction, connectionist), we argue that in-service teachers’ perceptions of first language acquisition theories impact how they teach and engage EBs in their classrooms. Findings show that in-service teachers consider the social interaction theory most beneficial to students’ language development. However, the precariousness of FLA theories makes it challenging for them to determine the best approach to teaching EBs. Additionally, teacher education programs and critical professional development (PD) courses are instrumental in fostering understanding and robust pedagogical mindsets and preparing teachers to meet the needs of emergent bilinguals.
Pulmonary Complications in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU SELÇUK Nursel , ÖNER EYUBOĞLU Füsun , GÜLLÜ ARSLAN Nevra , HABERAL Mehmet
Published: January 2023

Background Kidney transplantation recipients are at an increased risk of lung complications due to infectious or non-infectious reasons. We aimed to determine the lung complications after transplantation and what we could do to prevent the complications during the follow-up, retrospectively.

Material and Methods The 296 patients who underwent kidney transplantation surgery in our centre between the years 1999 to 2006 were included in the study.

Results 75% of the patients were male (n: 222). 77% of the patients (n: 228) had a living-related donor. The mean hospitalisation duration in the post-transplantation period was 13.3±9.07 days. During the follow-up, 37.2% of the patients (n: 110) had rejection, and pulse steroid treatments were given to the 74.5% of these patients. In our study, the lung complication development ratio was 16.2%, and 84% of these complications were due to infections. A specific aetiology was not identified in 63.5% of patients. The patients with a living-related donor had more lung complications due to infection (p
Case report: Primary hyperparathyroidism due to mediastinal parathyroid adenoma
Authors: MİLOSHESKA Radmila , MİCKOVSKİ Ivana , CRCAREVA Biljana , BUKLİOSKA ILİJEVSKA Daniela , BUNDOVSKA KOCEV Smiljana
Published: January 2023

Primary hyperparathyroidism is defined by elevated parathyroid hormone and calcium levels, most usually caused by a parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid adenomas are most commonly detected in the neck or an ectopic site, seldom in the mediastinum. The parathyroid adenoma can occur in ectopic locations such as the mediastinum, thymus, or retro oesophagal area in 6-16% of cases. We presented the example of a 73-year-old woman who was found to have hypercalcemia during a regular test. The patient’s serum calcium (3.11 mmol/L), alkaline phosphatase (162 U/L), parathyroid hormone (PTH: 379 pg/mL) and creatinine (111.6 umol/L) levels were higher than the reference values. A chest computerized tomography scan revealed an anterior mediastinal mass, and nuclear scintigraphy revealed functioning parathyroid tissue in the mediastinum. The mediastinal parathyroid adenoma was effectively removed surgically, and the PTH level began to fall. Any hypercalcemia and high PTH levels in the absence of a parathyroid adenoma in the neck should prompt clinicians to look for ectopic sites using a mix of imaging modalities.
The relationship between the frequency and severity of restless legs syndrome and anaemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: GÖĞEBAKAN Hasan , AKYÜZ Ayşegül
Published: January 2023

Background Background The study aims to determine the frequency of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the relationship between the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale (IRLSSG-RS) score and anemia.

Material and Methods It was a case-control study that included 106 patients with AS and 106 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in the rheumatology clinic of a training and research hospital. The patients were divided into two groups according to their hemoglobin levels. A hemoglobin level lower than 12 g/dL in women and less than 13 g/dL in men was the criterion for anemia.

Results Although the frequency of RLS was higher in AS patients than in control groups, there was no significant difference in the IRLSSG-RS score between AS patients and control groups. 23 (57.5%) of the AS patients with anemia had RLS, and the IRLSSG-RS score was 21.3±5.7. Of the AS patients without anemia, 11 (16.7%) had RLS, and the IRLSSG-RS score was 15±6. Statistically significant differences between AS patients with and without anemia regarding RLS frequency and IRLSSG-RS score were found. The IRLSSG-RS scores of AS patients were negatively correlated with serum iron and hemoglobin level.

Conclusions Patients with AS had a higher RLS frequency than the control group; AS patients with anemia had a higher RLS and IRLSSG-RS score than AS patients without anemia. Also, a negative and significant correlation was found between the IRLSS-RS score and serum iron and hemoglobin levels in AS patients.
Will cyberweapons deter war?
Authors: Ishan Mukherjee
Published: January 2023

The recent surge in the destructiveness of cyberweapons raises the question: will cyberweapons merely be among the most potent
weapons in a country’s arsenal? Or, will they behave like nuclear weapons do in the present world order: as deterrents against
interstate conflict? To answer this question, this paper first clarified exactly what gives nuclear weapons deterring ability. A list
of three necessary criteria for conflict-deterring technology was generated: extreme destructiveness, ease of delivery, and
resilience against a disarming first strike. Since cyberweapons fulfill these criteria, they can, in principle, deter war. Finally, the
challenges to cyber deterrence were evaluated, along with recommendations for policymakers and charitable foundations
concerned about international security
A Review of Gulpha Marma and its Applied Future Prospects
Authors: Piyush Verma and Ashutosh Kumar Pathak
Published: January 2023

The region of Gulpha Marma different anatomical structures; one important anatomical structure present here is the tibial nerve
(posterior tibial nerve). Percutaneous stimulation of the tibial nerve is used in modern therapeutics for neuromodulation in
various complaints of pelvic pain and urinary incontinence. In Gulpha marma therapy, there is possible stimulation of the
posterior tibial nerve by the applied pressure, which may then carry out neuromodulation of pain. This is just an idea of how
Gulpha marma therapy might work, and extensive research is needed to be carried out to evaluate its effect and possible pathway.
KEYWORDS:Gulpha marma, Gulpha Marma therapy.
„LIPTONOV ČAJ“ RADOMIRA KONSTANTINOVIĆA I IZAZOV RADIO-DRAME
Authors:   International University of Novi Pazar, Vasić Rakočević Branislava V.
Published: January 2023

This paper begins with an overview of the history of radio drama as well as its charac- teristics. Radio dramas of Radomir Konstantinović represent a very specific part of his work mostly due to the historical position of this genre. The central part of the paper is the analysis of his radio drama called The Lipton Tea. There are some characteristic poetic elements in it which are connected to his novels. The crucial problems are problems of identity in a modern world and a dream of happiness and friendship. Since his radio dramas are fully published in 2019 for the first time, this paper traces the path for further research in this area.
INKONGRUENCIJA KAO JEDNO OD SREDSTAVA TUMAČENjA HUMORA U MUZICI
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Radivojević Slavković Maja V.
Published: January 2023

The study of humor elements in the art of music is closely connected with the approaches of theorists who have been focused on meaning in music. Therefore, music has aroused great attention also among philosophers and aestheticians in the research of emotional properties of art in general, since it uses specific means of expression that are not always determined by a clear system of „decoding”. Thus, humorous moments in music are set through their determination in different theoretical-analytical approaches. These approaches are based on two basic premises: humor is manifested through possible specific properties of music itself and, on the other hand, humor arises exclusively in the domain of perception and cognition of the listener/analyst. The results of many studies present that the appearance of humor in music refers to a phenom- enon that occurs by evoking a certain emotion (since music cannot convey the emotion). Those emotions result in humor when something unexpected happens in the musical flow. Humor, there- fore, arises at the moment of discrepancy/incongruence, i.e. at the moment of betrayed expected result/event. Therefore, any sudden change creates an emotional state that, depending on the intensity, can be characterized as humor. However, in order to be interpreted as humor, context is needed, because again, music itself does not represent a higher system of communication levels, and music always, combined with language, creates an appropriate context interpreted within. The aim of this paper is to present the basics of „reading” humor and humorous moments in a musical text, i.e. to set the basic methodology that could contribute to an easier and more detailed approach of meaning in music.
Pandemia: un proceso de transformación educativa en Perú. Pronostico y reflexión
Authors: Mendizabal Estrella Gian Franco , Magallanes Medina Cinthia Melissa
Published: January 2023

La pandemia COVID-19 modifico considerablemente el entorno educativo de muchos alumnos, entre ellos niños, adolescentes y jóvenes universitarios, transformando la educación presencial a virtual. El estudio tiene como propósito analizar la transformación educativa en el Perú y reflexionar ante los cambios, mediante diversos artículos científicos de años recientes sobre la educación en pre y post pandemia. La metodología utilizada es la revisión documentaria, a través de un estudio descriptivo y exploratorio que reúne investigaciones de revistas como Redalyc, Scielo y Journal of the academy. Se aplico el criterio de inclusión y exclusión para la elección de los estudios, considerando aquellos que brinden aportes significativos sobre la enseñanza – aprendizaje en pandemia, los retos y cambios en el proceso formativo. A modo de conclusión, la transformación educacional en el Perú supuso ser un desafío en diversos niveles educativos, a pesar de ello nuestro país logro afrontarlo positivamente, aperturando la presencialidad y el reingreso a las aulas; siguiendo los protocolos de seguridad, y brindando una educación equitativa, inclusiva y de calidad para los estudiantes peruanos.
Apreciaciones sobre la neurodivergencia de docentes y estudiantes de una entidad educativa pública chilena
Authors: Gonzales Otárola Lorena , Aguirre Erwin , Ganga-Contreras Francisco
Published: January 2023

Los desafíos a los cuales se enfrenta el espacio universitario son cada vez más complejos, toda vez que este debe responder a las demandas de una sociedad en constante cambio y, por sobre todo, tiene el mandato ético de brindar oportunidades de aprendizaje a todo el estudiantado, promoviendo ambientes inclusivos desde un enfoque de derecho. En este orden de cosas, esta investigación tiene como objetivo central analizar las percepciones que estudiantes y profesores de una universidad estatal de Chile tienen de la neurodivergencia, su abordaje y habitabilidad dentro del espacio universitario, para servir de insumo en el diseño de políticas institucionales que propendan a la inclusión de estudiantes neurodivergentes desde el paradigma de la neurodiversidad. Para alcanzar los propósitos trazados, se realiza una indagación de tipo descriptivo-experimental, de carácter cuantitativo, con un método de selección de la muestra no probabilístico. Se pudo apreciar un gran interés por parte de la comunidad académica, en profundizar en los tópicos relacionados con la neurodivergencia, a pesar del poco conocimiento que se tiene de este término.
Aportes bibliográficos sobre la relación entre gobernanza, planeación universitaria y desempeño institucional
Authors: Quintero Maciel Bertha Yolanda , Godoy Castro María Celeste , Gómez Estrada Mateo
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo hace un abordaje bibliográfico sobre los temas de gobernanza, planeación universitaria y desempeño institucional. Se busca establecer una relación teórica entre estos tres conceptos, identificar enfoques, perspectivas teóricas y abordajes metodológicos para comprender las estructuras, los actores, procesos y factores internos y externos que determinan el comportamiento institucional de las universidades en contextos determinados. La relevancia de este análisis bibliográfico radica en que estos tres componentes en su conjunto constituyen el andamiaje institucional para el funcionamiento de las universidades. La gobernanza universitaria se concibe como la forma en que se organiza la universidad con sectores, actores y factores internos y externos para alcanzar determinados fines; la planeación universitaria es la estrategia para orientar el desarrollo de las actividades y funcionamiento de las universidades; y por su parte, el desempeño institucional está relacionado con los resultados alcanzados por la institución haciendo uso de los recursos de que dispone para el logro de sus objetivos. Los textos analizados se organizan en cuatro segmentos: a) los que se enfocan en las técnicas y modelos de gestión y sus resultados; b) los que están centrados en los actores involucrados en los procesos de gestión; c) los que analizan las problemáticas que enfrentan las instituciones para su desempeño; y c) aquellos que articulan algunas de las tres vertientes.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Aplikasi Pemantauan Kasus Stunting di Desa Kemuning Lor Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Mudiono Demiawan Rachmatta Putro , Muflihatin Indah , Wicaksono Andri Permana
Published: January 2023

In 2016, around 22.9% or 154.8 million children worldwide suffered from stunting at the age of under 5 years. Stunting is defined as the length or height below the standard. Stunting is measured by a z-score of height and age of more than 2 standard deviations which is below the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards. Based on the results of observations on November 25, 2022 in Kemuning Lor Village, the community service team found that cadres and mothers could be said to be of productive age with an average of already having smartphones which were underutilized in monitoring the nutritional status of toddlers. In community service activities, an application was developed that is useful in reducing and monitoring the number of stunting cases in Kemuning Lor Village, Jember Regency. The implementation methods carried out in this community service activity are literature (literary study), location surveys, application design and outreach. As for the results of this community service activity, 90% of posyandu cadres feel helped by the baby nutrition monitoring application. In the future this application will be integrated from each region so that stunting cases in Jember Regency can be monitored through one application.
Project-Based Learning Method in Japanese Language Learning
Authors:   Utama Universitas Dhyana Pura, Bali, Indonesia, Rai I Gusti Bagus , Kanah Kanah ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia
Published: January 2023

Learning Japanese at State Polytechnics of Bali and Hasanuddin University has similarities to one of the subjects studied by students, called the Japanese Language for Tourism. It takes students’ critical thinking and attracts students’ interest in this learning. For this lesson, the use of Project-Based Learning is a suitable learning model for students to hone and develop their creativity in introducing Indonesian tourism using Japanese. The aim of this research was to increase the critical thinking and creativity of the students by using the Project-Based Learning method in Japanese for tourism lessons. The design of this research was an analysis study. In this research, the writer wanted to find the use of the Project Based Learning method in Japanese language classes. In this research, the writer used a qualitative method. The inductive process of data analysis started by gathering information through observations, interviews, documentation, and triangulations. The result showed that there are several projects like videos and brochures produced by students in Japanese language classes using the PBL Method as developed by The George Lucas Educational Foundation, such as: (1) Start with the Essential Question; (2) Design a Plan for the Project; (3) Create a Schedule; (4) Monitor the Students and the Progress of the Project; (5) Assess the Outcome; (6) Evaluate the Experience.
Effect of Computer Technology Adoption on Sales Volume in Selected Supermarkets in Kampala Central Division, Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Management Science, Department of Management Science, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda, Jack Rugasira , Moses Agaba ,   Faculty of Economics and Management Science, Department of Management Science, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda, Benon Kyabalongo ,   Faculty of Economics and Management Science, Department of Management Science, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda
Published: January 2023

The study looked at the relationship between sales volume and the deployment of computer technology at a few specific supermarkets in Kampala's central division. The specific goal was to look at how the use of computer technology affected the amount of sales in supermarkets. The research used a cross-sectional approach. Approaches that combined quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Data was collected from a sample of 80 respondents in 20 supermarkets in the central division of Kampala using questionnaires and interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive, correlational, and regression techniques. The results suggested that adoption of computer technology boosts grocery sales. Conclusion: Adoption of computer technology improves operational efficiency, according to the respondents' responses. However, there were a few areas that needed improvement so that efficiency would actually increase. It was advised that the owners of supermarkets purchase and employ improved accounting software, as well as effective monitoring systems and systems that can identify impending expirations and obsolescence and report them early so that action can be taken to prevent losses from expirations.
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence among Women in Arumeru District
Authors:   Tengeru Institute of Community Development P.O Box 1006, Arusha, Tanzania, Magesa Rehema J.
Published: January 2023

Intimate partner violence has been prevalent worldwide. The extent of violence results in a number of physical, emotional effects and even death. In Tanzania the problem has been persistent for with grave consequences. It is with this concern that this study embarked on a research journey in order to assess the type of violence intimate partners experience and establish the determinants of Intimate Partner Violence in Arusha Region. The study adopted a Probability sampling technique where a total of 300 aged 15 to 60 were sampled for the study from Sing’isi and Akheri ward in Arumeru District. The study adapted the Validated Arabic Version of the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire (NORAQ) as a quantitative tool while a face to face interview was conducted as qualitative method. The study explored three types of violence experienced by the respondents that is emotional, physical and sexual violence. In each of the three violence types the extent of violence was measured through the questions established by the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire. The study revealed that majority of respondents (78%) had experienced mild emotional violence from their partners while only few of them (20%) had experienced mild sexual violence. Forty six percent of the respondents have experienced mild physical violence, making it the second type of violence experienced by many respondents while Seventy eight percent of respondents reported that they had experienced mild emotional violence in their relationship. For the case of factors for IPV the study shows that there is a significant relation between financial dependence, employment status, income per month, age at marriage and partner drink alcohol or use drugs with respect to Intimate partner violence in Arumeru District.
تأثير فترة الخزن على حيوية بذور بعض أصناف الذرة الرفيعة Sorghum. bicolor (L) Moench
Authors: حسين ياسر الخضر ناصر , عبدالله هدى أحمد محسن
Published: January 2023

نفذت الفحوصات المختبرية لهذه التجربة خلال موسمي 2020/2019 و2021/2020م في مختبر مركز بحوث الأغذية وتقانات ما بعد الحصاد خور مكسرـ عدن,  لمعرفة تأثير فترة الخزن على نسبة الإنبات لبذور صنفي (سنيسلة، بيني) من الذرة الرفيعة وتمت الفحوصات المختبرية بعد (12,9,6,3شهرًا( من خزن البذور لموسمين زراعيين ،وحللت النتائج  إحصائيا للتجربة العالمية باستخدام التصميم العشوائي  التام في أربع مكررات لكل معاملة،  وتشير النتائج أن نسبة إنبات بذور صنفي الذرة الرفيعة(السنيسلة والبيني) تناقصت بزيادة في فترة التخزين للموسم 2019/2020 م بلغت بعد (3أشهر) (%96.70,%96.36) للصنفين على التوالي، وبعد (6أشهر) أصبحت (%93.97,%93.83) على التوالي، وبلغت بعد (9أشهر) (%92.91,%92.90) على التوالي،  وبعد (12شهرًا) كانت (%91.96,%91.86) على التوالي. وفي موسم2020 /2021م بلغت بعد (3) أشهر (97.6%,97.8%) على التوالي، وبعد (6) أشهر كانت (95.7%,95.9%) على التوالي، وبعد (9) أشهر أصبحت (94.5%,94.7%) على التوالي، وبعد (12) شهرا بلغ (92.9%,92.9%) على التوالي.
دراسة مورفولوجية مقارنة لثمار وبذور بعض الوحدات التصنيفية لجنس أكاسيا Acacia Mill. في مديرية طور الباحة – محافظة لحج – اليمن
Authors: قاسم عصام محمد , حامد علي السيد , حسين محمد عبدالله
Published: January 2023

هدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة ثمار وبذور تسع وحدات تصنيفية تنتمي للجنس Acacia. تم جمعها من مديرية طور الباحة بمحافظة لحج – اليمن. بغرض إظهار الأهمية التصنيفية لصفاتها المورفولوجية. أظهرت الصفات المورفولوجية لثمار وبذور هذه الوحدات التصنيفية عدة مواصفات متباينة ضمن هذه الوحدات، كما أظهرت تنويعات ذات قيمة جوهرية أمكن استخدامها في التمييز والتفريق بين الوحدات التصنيفية محل الدراسة. ومن خلال النتائج المتحصل عليها تم عمل مفتاحين اصطناعيين للتفريق بين هذه الوحدات، الأول على أساس الصفات المورفولوجية للثمار، والثاني على أساس الصفات المورفولوجية للبذور.
Performance evaluation of MANET routing protocols under DDOS attacks
Authors: Abood Khaled Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a set of communicating wireless mobile nodes or devices that could be deployed without the need for pre-established infrastructure for communication. Due to the insecure wireless communication medium and dynamic behavior of the nodes in MANETs, routing protocols are vulnerable to various security attacks, such as distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks. DDOS attacks are used to temporarily disable network services by overloading the target system with huge traffic, such that it cannot respond to legitimate traffic.

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the Ad hoc on demand vector (AODV), Temporally ordered routing algorithm (TORA), Geographic routing protocol (GRP), and optimized link state routing (OLSR) routing protocols in MANETs under the DDOS attacks. These routing protocols are simulated using OPNET simulator to compare their performance using specific performance metrics on the network. The experimental results show that TORA protocol performs better than the AODV, OLSR, and GRP protocols under the DDOS attack.
A Review on RGB Image Steganography based on Spatial Domain
Authors: Hashem Mohsen Hassan A. , Aljack Salah Eldin Deng , Bahaidara Omaima Abdulaziz
Published: January 2023

Steganography is not only the method to hide the message content but the message itself. [3]. So, “The importance of steganography lies as it hides the existence of the secret message which makes the job of attacker more difficult” [7]

     This research paper presents PSNR results from different image steganography techniques such as Least Significant Bits (LSB), Most Significant Bits (MSB), Triple A algorithm, X-Box Mapping and Mod Factor method.

    Execute these experimentally using VS 2017 (by C#) with 12 colored images and 6 different secret message lengths then conclude that the Mod Factor method gives good quality image with  the highest PSNR and free error extracted secret message at receiver.
Management of abdominal Trauma at Al-Gamhouria General Modern Hospital-Aden-Yemen
Authors: Khuda Bux Gamal M. , Harhra Nasser Ahmed Abdulla , Al khader Intsar Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Abdominal injury is relatively common in both civilian and military casualties and isa leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of abdominal traumaو to evaluate its impact on the intraperitoneal and Retroperitoneum organs, and to evaluate various modalities of management and its outcome.

    This is a prospective study conducted at Al-Gamhouria Modern General Hospital, from 1stJanuary 2013 up to 31stDecember 2014. This study involved 70 patients whowerediagnosed as abdominal trauma and admitted to the hospital during the study period. Data were collectedfrom the patients by their clinical history, examination and appropriate investigations. Male patients were predominantly more than female, 65 (92.9%) vs.5 (7.1%). Abdominal trauma involved young people with the mean age of31.3 ± 13.9 years; most of them were from Aden. Penetrating injuries were more prevalent compared to blunt injuries, as the mode of injury was mostly due to gunshots. The most frequently injured abdominal organ was small bowel.Complications occurred in 25(35.7%) patients. Woundinfection was the most common complications.Operative intervention was the treatmentoption for most patients with abdominal trauma.
Gender difference among newly reported HIV patients attending HIV center- Alsadqa teaching hospital - Aden
Authors: Al-Horaibi Reema Khaled
Published: January 2023

Gender is a clear contributor to disease pathogenesis in multiple infectious diseases.There were different studies identifying that effect of biological sex are challenging,work to date has yielded important insights. HIV disease progression and clinical manifestations differ among women and men because of biological and socioeconomic factors. This is a descriptive prospective study, the main objectives of study is identify sex difference among newly reported HIV patients attending HIV Center at AlsadqaTeaching Hospital Aden, from 1st January 2021 to 31stJan 2022.Most of the patients were males with 74.6% andthe mean age was 38.79 ± 10.38 in stage 4 with 28.6% and death were 7.9%, while female mean were younger age 32.44 ± 8.23.From this study, we conclude that male patients were the most common attendant to HIV Center but in late stage 4, with heigh mortality in comparison to female.
Comparative assessment of natural radionuclides content of cement products from Assiut cement factories, Egypt
Authors: Hussein Maher Taher , Al-Salahi Najat O. A. , Mohamed Hasabelnaaby Mohamed Hasabelnaaby
Published: January 2023

Cement industry is one of the basic industries that play an important role in the national economy of developing countries. In this study, a comparison between cement products from factories on Assiut, Egypt (Assiut Cement Company (ACC) & Building Materials Industry Company (BMIC)) was presented to evaluate their radiological impact on human health as building materials. Activity concentration of 226Ra 232Th, and 40K in different types of cement products were collected from both factories has been measured using HPGe gamma spectrometry. The results indicated that a highest activity concentration from ACC was from the Portland cement where the lowest was SRC cement. In BMIC, the SRC cement activity concentration was almost similar with Portland cement activity concentration. The range of radionuclide concentrations in the all cement products for both factories were found to be lower than the world average limits (50, 50,500 Bq/Kg) for 226Ra 232Th and 40K respectively in building materials. For estimating radiation hazard indices, the radium equivalent, external and internal hazard indexes, Representative level index (Iγr), annual effective dose, the absorbed dose rate and excess lifetime cancer risk were considered. All of them were found below the acceptable limits. Therefore, this study confirmed that all cement samples from ACC & BMIC are radiologically safe to be used as building materials, with no significant impact of radiological hazards provided.
Enhancement in microstructural and optical properties of thermally evaporated CdTe/CdSe heterojunction thin Films
Authors: Dabban Mehdi Ahmad , Alfaqeer Abdel-naser A. M.
Published: January 2023

The optimization of microstructural and optical properties of a thin layer is an important step prior device fabrication process, so an enhancement in these properties of thermally evaporated CdTe/CdSe thin films was reported in this work. We choose to research (CdSe) materials as a n-type absorber layer in the CdTe/CdSe heterojunction thin film. The Effect of annealing temperature on the structural and optical properties of CdTe/CdSe Heterojunction thin films was studied, using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Double-beam computer-controlled spectrophotometer in the wavelength between 200 nm and 2500 nm. Diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the as-prepared films were amorphous nature, whereas the annealed films were polycrystalline. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy investigations. It was found that the crystallite size and degree of crystallinity of the studied films depend on the annealing temperature. Furthermore the optical measurement shows that this treatment shifts the optical absorption edge at low energy and decreases the optical band gap from 1.92 eV, to 1.37eV while the values Urbach energy increase as the annealing temperature increased from 300 K to 433 K. As consequence is that the heat treatment improves the quality of the CdTe/CdSe heterojunction thin films for the potential use in photovoltaic applications.