bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential Responses of Antioxidants, Abscisic Acid, and Auxin to Deficit Irrigation in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Contrasting in Drought Tolerance
Authors: Zhang Xunzhong , Ervin Erik H. , Liu Yiming , Hu Guofu , Shang Chao , Fukao Takeshi , Alpuerto Jasper
Published: January 2019

Water deficit is a major limiting factor for grass culture in many regions with physiological mechanisms of tolerance not yet well understood. Antioxidant isozymes and hormones may play important roles in plant tolerance to water deficit. This study was designed to investigate antioxidant enzymes, isozymes, abscisic acid (ABA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) responses to deficit irrigation in two perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars contrasting in drought tolerance. The plants were subjected to well-watered {100% container capacity, 34.4% ± 0.21% volumetric moisture content (VWC), or deficit irrigation [30% evapotranspiration (ET) replacement; 28.6% ± 0.15% to 7.5% ± 0.12% VWC]} conditions for up to 8 days and rewatering for 4 days for recovery in growth chambers. Deficit irrigation increased leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content in both cultivars, but drought-tolerant Manhattan-5 exhibited lower levels relative to drought-sensitive Silver Dollar. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity declined and then increased during water-deficit treatment. ‘Manhattan-5’ had higher SOD activity and greater abundance of SOD1 isozyme than ‘Silver Dollar’ under water deficit. Deficit irrigation increased catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in ‘Manhattan-5’, but not in ‘Silver Dollar’. ‘Manhattan-5’ had higher CAT, APX, and peroxidase (POD) activity than ‘Silver Dollar’ during water limitation. Deficit irrigation increased mRNA accumulation of cytosolic cupper/zinc SOD (Cyt Cu/Zn SOD), whereas gene expression of manganese SOD (Mn SOD) and peroxisome APX (pAPX) were not significantly altered in response to deficit irrigation. No differences in Cyt Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD, and pAPX gene expression were found between the two cultivars under deficit irrigation. Water limitation increased leaf ABA and IAA contents in both cultivars, with Silver Dollar having a higher ABA content than Manhattan-5. Change in ABA level may regulate stomatal opening and oxidative stress, which may trigger antioxidant defense responses. These results indicate that accumulation of antioxidant enzymes and ABA are associated with perennial ryegrass drought tolerance. Activity and isozyme assays of key antioxidant enzymes under soil moisture limitation can be a practical screening approach to improve perennial ryegrass drought tolerance and quality.
Cinnamate-4-Hydroxylase Gene Is Involved in the Step of Lignin Biosynthesis in Chinese White Pear
Authors: Tao Shutian , Wang Danyang , Jin Cong , Sun Wei , Liu Xing , Zhang Shaoling , Gao Fuyong , Khanizadeh Shahrokh
Published: January 2019

Lignin is the main component of stone cells, and stone cell content is one of the crucial factors for fruit quality in chinese white pear (Pyrus ×bretschneideri). The lignin biosynthesis pathway is complex and involves many enzymatic reactions. Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase [C4H (EC.1.14.13.11)] is an essential enzyme in lignin metabolism. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bagging on lignin metabolism during fruit development in chinese white pear. The study showed that bagging had little effect on stone cell content, lignin content, C4H activity, and C4H gene expression and that there was a positive correlation between C4H gene expression and lignin content as well as stone cell content. Moreover, a full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding C4H (PbrC4H, GenBank accession number KJ577541.1) was isolated from chinese white pear fruit. The cDNA is 1515 bp long and encodes a protein of 504 amino acids. Sequence alignment suggested that the deduced protein belongs to the P450 gene family and that C4H might be located subcellularly in the cell membrane. The results indicate that bagging cannot change the lignin and stone cell content significantly and that C4H catalyzes a step in lignin biosynthesis. These findings provide certain theoretical references and practical criteria for improving the quality of chinese white pear.
Inheritance of Fruit Traits in Capsicum annuum: Heirloom Cultivars as Sources of Quality Parameters Relating to Pericarp Shape, Color, Thickness, and Total Soluble Solids
Authors: Vilarinho Lucianne Braga Oliveira , Henriques da Silva Derly Jose , Greene Ann , Salazar Kara Denee , Alves Cristiane , Eveleth Molly , Nichols Ben , Tehseen Sana , Khoury Joseph Kalil , Johnson Jodie V. , Sargent Steven A. , Rathinasabapathi Bala
Published: January 2019

Inheritance of fruit-related traits was studied in a population generated by crossing two heirloom pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars, Round of Hungary and Bulgarian carrot. Inheritance of corrugated pericarp phenotype of ‘Round of Hungary’ behaved as a recessive trait controlled by two genes while round fruit shape behaved as a single gene. Pungent cultivar Bulgarian carrot had significantly higher total soluble solids, titratable acidity, antioxidant activities, and significantly thinner pericarp than fruit of Round of Hungary. Pericarp thickness was related to differences in both cell number and cell size. Analyses of F2 fruit indicated that fruit weight was positively correlated (P < 0.01) to fruit width and pericarp thickness. Fruit width was negatively correlated (P < 0.01) to fruit length and total soluble solids and positively correlated (P < 0.01) to pericarp thickness. Yellow color was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) to total soluble solids. Fruit length showed high inbreeding depression and transgressive segregation. Color measurements showed that yellow was correlated to lightness, and the relationships between red and yellow color spaces and carotenoid composition were complex.
Inheritance of Flowering Habit in Russian Dandelion
Authors: Hodgson-Kratky Katrina J.M. , Wolyn David J.
Published: January 2019

Russian dandelion [Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS)] is a latex-producing, temperate species that has the potential to be grown as a source of natural rubber in North America. Flowering habit varies within the species; winter-type plants require a cold period or vernalization to flower, whereas spring-type plants flower without this treatment. Because flowering habit is correlated with rubber yield, understanding the genetic factors governing the trait would be useful for breeding. The objective of this research was to determine the inheritance of vernalization requirement in TKS. Winter-type and spring-type plants were intercrossed to create the F1, F2, and backcross generations and progeny segregation ratios were analyzed. A genetic model with three major genes is proposed, where a dominant allele at locus A, in combination with homozygous recessive alleles at either or both of two loci, B and C, confers winter type, whereas spring type is conferred by homozygous recessive alleles at A, regardless of genotype at B or C, or dominant alleles at A, B, and C.
Responses of Spinach to Salinity and Nutrient Deficiency in Growth, Physiology, and Nutritional Value
Authors: Xu Chenping , Mou Beiquan
Published: January 2019

Salinity and nutrient-depleted soil are major constraints to crop production, especially for vegetable crops. The effects of salinity and nutrient deficiency on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were evaluated in sand cultures under greenhouse conditions. Plants were watered every day with Hoagland nutrition solution, deprived of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), or potassium (K) for nutrient deficiency, either with or without 20/10 mm sodium chloride (NaCl)/calcium chloride (CaCl2) for salinity treatment. Salinity significantly decreased shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), leaf relative water content (RWC), and specific leaf area (SLA) relative to controls after 4 weeks of treatment and increased chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and photochemical yield [Y(II)]. Nitrogen deficiency greatly reduced shoot FW and DW, SLA, and chlorophyll content, regardless of salt treatment. Y(II) and Fv/Fm were reduced by N deficiency and salinity treatment. Phosphorous and K deficiencies, similarly, decreased shoot FW and DW irrespective of salinity treatment and increased chlorophyll content without salt stress. Phosphorous deficiency increased Y(II) under control and Fv/Fm under both control and salt treatment. Salinity and nutrient deficiency also affected the nutritional value of spinach. Salt stress increased carotenoid and flavonoid contents, and reducing power in full-strength Hoagland solution, and decreased leaf ferrous ion chelating ability (FICA). Nutrient deficiency increased reducing power regardless of salinity treatment. Nitrogen deficiency increased anthocyanin and total phenolic contents, decreased carotenoids and flavonoids regardless of salinity treatment, and increased antioxidant capacity under no-salt conditions. Phosphorous deficiency increased carotenoid and flavonoid contents under no-salt condition and enhanced total phenolic content and reduced FICA and amino acid content under salt stress. Potassium deficiency increased total phenolic, carotenoid, and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity under non-salt condition, but decreased FICA regardless of salinity treatment. These results suggest that spinach nutritional value could be improved with only moderately or slightly reduced yield through cultural practices that impose either low fertilizer levels or slight salt stress.
Storage Temperature, Controlled Atmosphere, and 1-Methylcyclopropene Effects on α-Farnesene, Conjugated Trienols, and Peroxidation in Relation with Superficial Scald, Pithy Brown Core, and Fruit Quality of ‘d’Anjou’ Pears during Long-term Storage
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: January 2019

Alternatives to ethoxyquin (Etq) are needed for controlling superficial scald of ‘Anjou’ european pears (Pyrus communis) during long-term storage. The current commercial standard storage conditions [Etq + −1 °C + controlled atmosphere (CA) with 1.5 kPa O2] reduced scald occurrence compared with control fruit (−1 °C + CA) during 6–8 months storage. At 1 °C in air, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) fumigation at 0.15 µL·L−1 at harvest was more efficient on reducing scald than Etq but did not prevent scald during 6–8 months storage. The 1-MCP-treated fruit at 1 °C in air developed their ripening capacity at 20 °C following 6–8 months storage but had deceased shipping ability (softening and yellowing of fruit). Although Etq inhibition of scald was associated with the inhibition of α-farnesene oxidation to conjugated trienols (CTols); 1-MCP reduced α-farnesene synthesis and thereby the availability of substrate to oxidize to CTols. CA storage at 1.5 kPa O2 totally prevented scald and retarded the loss of shipping ability without affecting the ripening capacity of 1-MCP-treated fruit at 1 °C through further decreases in the syntheses of ethylene, α-farnesene and CTols during 6–8 months storage. In addition, 1-MCP prevented a CA-induced disorder, pithy brown core (PBC), in ‘Anjou’ pears possibly through enhancing an oxidative/reductive metabolic balance during extended storage. In conclusion, the combinations of 1 °C + 1-MCP + CA is a potential commercial alternative to Etq for scald control while allowing the 1-MCP-treated ‘Anjou’ pears to recover ripening capacity during the shelf life period after 6–8 months storage.
Modification of Plant Height via RNAi Suppression of MdGA20-ox Gene Expression in Apple
Authors: Zhao Kai , Zhang Feng , Yang Yi , Ma Yue , Liu Yuexue , Li He , Dai Hongyan , Zhang Zhihong
Published: January 2019

GA20-oxidase (GA20-ox) is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellic acid (GA). To investigate its role in plant growth and development, we suppressed MdGA20-ox gene expression in apple (Malus domestica cv. Hanfu) plants by RNA interference (RNAi). After 20 weeks of growth in the greenhouse, significant phenotype differences were observed between transgenic lines and the nontransgenic control. Suppression of MdGA20-ox gene expression resulted in lower plant height, shorter internode length, and higher number of nodes compared with the nontransgenic control. The expression of MdGA20-ox in transgenic plants was significantly suppressed, and the active GA content in transgenic lines was lower than that in the nontransgenic control. These results demonstrated that the MdGA20-ox gene plays an important role in vegetative growth, and therefore it is possible to develop dwarfed or compact scion apple cultivars by MdGA20-ox gene silencing.
Evaluation of Aluminum Sensitivity in Barrel Medic Germplasm
Authors: Srimake Yawadee , Miyasaka Susan C.
Published: January 2019

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils is a major constraint to global agricultural production, affecting ≈30% of the world’s arable land area. To study Al tolerance in barrel medic (Medicago truncatula), we assessed responses to excess Al in 91 accessions collected from different geographic regions. Root elongations were used to characterize the sensitivity of each accession. Seedlings were grown in an agarose medium that contained three levels of Al (50, 100, and 200 µm), and root elongation was measured at 72 hours after exposure to Al. The ratio of root elongation in the presence and absence of Al [relative root growth (RRG)] differed among accessions. At 50 µm Al, we observed the greatest range of intraspecific variation. Aluminum sensitivity of 30 accessions was tested further by hematoxylin staining. Relative root growth was regressed linearly against the visual staining score, and a significant, negative, linear relationship was found between RRG at 50 or 100 µm Al and the intensity of staining scores. Twelve selected accessions differing in their resistance were grown in Al-toxic soil to confirm their Al response. Such information could be useful in breeding or selecting for improved Al tolerance in barrel medic, as well as other crop species.
Bayesian Inference of Genetic Parameters for Survival, Flowering, Fruit Set, and Ripening in a Germplasm Collection of Chilean Strawberry Using Threshold Models
Authors: Mora Freddy , Concha Cristóbal M. , Figueroa Carlos R.
Published: January 2019

Fragaria chiloensis has a fruit with an excellent organoleptic quality and it is one of the parents of the commercially cultivated strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa), which supports the importance of characterization available germplasm to support further breeding. A genetic evaluation using a Bayesian analysis of genetic parameters for survival, flowering, fruit set, and ripening was carried out in 8 domesticated and 55 wild clones, covering most of the natural geographic range of this species in Chile. The Bayesian approach was performed using the Gibbs sampling algorithm. Threshold models were fitted to phenotypic data, as these traits were treated as binary variables. Plant survival rates in seasons 2013 and 2014 ranged from 0% to 85%. According to the Bayesian analysis, the studied traits were found to be weak to moderately heritable ranging from broad-sense heritability () = 14% (survival) to = 40% (fruit set). Survival and fruit set had the lowest (17.9%) and highest (34.9%) clonal genetic gain, which concurs with the lowest and highest values of , respectively. The results of this preliminary study confirms the potential for selective breeding of F. chiloensis, given that five clones, including domesticated and wild, were simultaneously selected for all traits studied.
Specific interactions of rotavirus HAL1166 with Enterobacter cloacae SENG-6 and their contribution on rotavirus HAL1166 removal
Authors: Amarasiri Mohan , Kawai Hiroki , Kitajima Masaaki , Okabe Satoshi , Sano Daisuke
Published: January 2019

Contribution of specific interactions between human enteric viruses and wastewater suspended solids on human enteric virus removal by microfiltration was studied. A cross-flow microfiltration system was used with rotavirus HAL1166 and Enterobacter cloacae SENG-6 as the model virus and wastewater suspended solid. Cleavage of rotavirus HAL1166 protein VP4 by trypsin produces the VP8* subunit, which specifically interacts with histo-blood group antigen (HBGA). In the presence of Enterobacter cloacae SENG-6, the trypsin-treated rotavirus concentration reduced with time (R2 > 0.6) compared to the reduction of non-trypsin treated rotavirus. Calculation of the gel/cake layer deposited on the membrane, consisting of Enterobacter cloacae SENG-6 and either trypsin-treated or non-trypsin treated rotavirus HAL1166, revealed that the microflocs consisting of trypsin-treated rotavirus and Enterobacter cloacae SENG-6 have lower porosity and permeability, displaying higher resistance to virus passage through the membrane. The results provide evidence that specific wastewater suspended solids–human enteric virus interaction can contribute to increasing the removal of human enteric viruses by microfiltration.
Children’s Use of and Experiences With a Web-Based Perioperative Preparation Program: Directed Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lööf Gunilla , Andersson-Papadogiannakis Nina , Silén Charlotte
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Web-based technology is useful as an alternative means of providing preparation programs to children in pediatric care. To take full advantage of Web-based technology, there is a need to understand how children use and learn from such programs.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to analyze children’s use of and experiences with a Web-based perioperative preparation program in relation to an educational framework of children’s learning.

METHODS

This study is the final part of a three-phase study in which all families with children aged 3 to 16 years (N=32) admitted for outpatient surgery over 1 week were asked to participate. Children were interviewed before (phase 1) and after (phase 2) anesthesia and surgery and 1 month after hospitalization (phase 3). The data in this study (phase 3) relate to six children (5 to 13 years) who participated in the follow-up interviews in their homes a month after hospitalization. The study used a directed qualitative interpretative approach. The interviews were conducted in a semistructured manner as the children—without guidance or influence from the interviewer—visited and navigated the actual website. The data were analyzed based on a combination of the transcribed interviews and field notes, and were subjected to a previous theoretical investigation based on children’s learning on a website in pediatric care.

RESULTS

Six children, five boys (5-12 years) and one girl (13 years), participated in the follow-up study in their homes a month after hospitalization. The children were selected from the 22 initially interviewed (in phases 1 and 2) to represent a variation of ages and perioperative experiences. The children’s use of and experiences with the website could be explained by the predetermined educational themes (in charge of my learning, discover and play, recognize and identify, and getting feedback), but additional aspects associated with children’s need for identification, recognition, and feedback were also revealed. The children used the website to get feedback on their own experiences and to interact with and learn from other children.

CONCLUSIONS

This analysis of children’s use of and experiences with a Web-based preparation program emphasizes the importance of including a theoretical educational framework of children’s learning in the development and design of websites in pediatric care. Creating opportunities for Web-based communication with others facing similar experiences and possibilities for receiving feedback from adults are important factors for future consideration.
Influence of Tourism Destination Products and Images on Tourist Visiting Decision to Kota Seribu Sungai Banjarmasin
Authors: Triansya Devin Cahya , Budisetyorini Beta
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe continuous rapidly growth of tourism sector with the tight competition in the field of tourismmakes not all tourist destinations in the world always experience an increase in the number of tourist visits each year. Banjarmasin City, dubbed the “Kota Seribu Sungai” or "City of Thousand Rivers" and is known as the Thousand Rivers tourist destination has experiencedfluctuate number of tourist arrivals and tend to decline. The fluctuate number of tourist arrivalssourced from tourist visiting decisions can be influenced by various factors, including tourism destination productsand image. This study aims to see the effects of tourism destination products consisting of physical products, people, packages, and programsalsothe image of tourism destinations consisting of cognitive image and affective image on tourists visiting decision to the city of Thousand River Banjarmasin. The data obtained were taken by questionnaire to 123 tourists by accidental sampling. The results of the research were analyzed using multiple linear regression with two equations, namely (I) The influence of tourism destination products on tourist visiting decision and (II) The impact of tourism destination image on tourist visiting decision. The resultsfound the positive influence of tourism destination products to thetourist visiting decision of 54.5% and the image of tourism destination on the tourist visiting decision of 53.4% and the rest of 45.5% and 46.6% influenced by other factors not examined. The results of the analysis also showed the effect of tourism destination products variable partially consisting of physical products, packages, and programs have an effect on the decision of tourists while people have no influence. As for the variable image of tourism destinations in partial consisting of cognitive image and affective image affect the decision of tourists visiting to Kota Seribu Sungai Banjarmasin.
Students’ Perspectives towards Using Youtube in Improving EFL Learners’ Motivation to Speak
Authors: Alkathiri Luluh Abdullah
Published: January 2019

It is beneficial for educators to apply the use of modeling strategies to assist English language learners (ELLs) and their ability to improve their understanding of word diction and the movements that are needed to create English sounds using their mouths and tongues. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Youtube, as a media source that is able to model language practice in an engaging manner, can be used to help ELLs gain improve word pronunciation skills. A questionnaire was administered to students to assess the attitudes that students had towards using Youtube to improve their motivation to speak and practice language in class. The results demonstrated that the use of Youtube in the English language classroom represents an engaging method, and this motivates students to participate in these lessons. Furthermore, participation in English speaking lessons using Youtube videos increased student confidence about their English-speaking abilities. It is therefore reasonable for educators to continue to use Youtube and other video media as a part of instruction in the ELL classroom because this motivates students to learn and to practice their speaking skills aloud with confidence, enabling them to achieve their language attainment goals.
TOWARDS PATIENT SPECIFIC PLATE IMPLANTS FOR THE HUMAN LONG BONES: A DISTAL HUMERUS EXAMPLE
Authors: Rashid Mohammed , Husain Karim , Vitković Nikola , Manić Miodrag , Petrović Slađana
Published: January 2019

Plate implants are the most used internal fixators for the surgical treatments of the bone fractures. In clinical cases where there is a requirement to use reconstruction plates, and/or to stabilize the fracture, adaptation of plate shape (e.g. bending) to the patient anatomy is required, and it is usually done during the surgery. In order to eliminate the need for intra-operative bending of plates, precontoured plates can be used. These are patient specific implants whose shape and geometry is adapted to the anatomy and morphology of the specific patient. In order to create a patient specific 3D model of the plate implant, the bone model acquired through medical imaging (e.g. Computed Tomography - CT) is commonly used. By the application of various CAD techniques, the volume model of specific plate implant can be created, and used for the production of the plate, by conventional or additive manufacturing technologies. In this paper the authors present a new approach to the creation of a 3D parametric model of the patient specific plate implant for distal humerus. By using such model the surgeon can perform preoperative planning and adapt shape of plate to the specific patient before the surgery, and in this way he can improve pre, intra and post-operative processes.
SURFACE-TREATED AND FIBRIN-COATED ELECTROSPUN POLYACRYLONITRILE FIBER FOR ENDOTHELIAL CELL GROWTH AND PROLIFERATION
Authors: Rashidi Nur Syazana , Sukmana Irza , Mataram Agung , Jasmawati Noor , Rofi Mohd Ramdan Mohd , Kadir Mohammed Rafiq Abdul
Published: January 2019

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a synthetic biocompatible polymer used as a filtering membrane in hemodialysis and for enzyme immobilization purposes. However, its potential usage in other medical applications is limited due to its poor hydrophilicity. To overcome this problem, two groups of electrospun PAN fibers were treated with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), respectively at 100oC for 5 minutes. Fibrin gel was then coated onto the treated samples before seeding human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 1 and 3 days. X-ray diffraction results showed increased crystallinity of the PAN fibers when treated with Na2CO3 and NaOH. The contact angle measurements showed that the hydrophilicity of Na2CO3 treated and NaOH treated samples improved from 115° to 88° and 64°, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that their hydrophilicity was due to the existence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. However, tensile strength of the PAN fibers was reduced by 34% when treated with Na2CO3 and 42% when treated with NaOH. Cytotoxicity tests showed increased absorbance in day 3 for both treated samples. However, the absorbance value for NaOH treated PAN fibers and Na2CO3 treated PAN fibers showed nearly the same absorbance on day 7. In vitro tests showed increased cell adhesion and proliferation after 3 days of culture. The PAN treated fibers coated with fibrin are, therefore, proven to attract HUVEC cells and promote endothelialization.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF OPTIMAL ED MACHINING PARAMETERS FOR Ti-6Al-4V BIOMATERIAL
Authors: Bhui Amandeep Singh , Singh Gurpreet , Sidhu Sarabjeet Singh , Bains Preetkanwal Singh
Published: January 2019

The present study investigates optimal parameters for machining of Ti-6Al-4V using EDM with graphite electrode. Herein, another technique of modifying surface properties and enhancing machining rate using electrical discharge machining (EDM) was developed. In the present study, design of experiment (D.O.E) was developed using the Taguchi’s orthogonal array to examine the effect of the input machining factors on the machining characteristics, and to forecast the optimized EDM parameters in terms of peak current, pulse-on time, pulse-off time and applied gap voltage. Each experiment was performed to obtain a hole of 1mm depth on the workpiece. From the results, it is found that the discharge current has significant influence on material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR) followed by other selected parameters, i.e. pulse-on time, pulse-off time. The MRR augmented steeply with the current and was recorded as maximum at 4 Amps. In-vitro bioactivity test was conducted in the simulated body fluid to examine bioactivity confirming a significant apatite growth on the surface treated with ED sparks. The surface and chemical alteration were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) along with the identification of the substantially enhanced morphology for clinical success.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE INTERNET, ESCOLA E ADOLESCÊNCIA: RESSIGNIFICANDO CONCEITOS
Authors: Amaral Cisnara Pires , Lopes Michel Pimentel
Published: January 2019

O trabalho é fruto de intervenções pedagógicas em escolas públicas e teve como objetivo definir o número de horas que adolescentes ficam atrelados à internet, discutindo as deficiências que podem estar relacionadas ao número excessivo dessa atividade, quais os comprometimentos metabólicos, fisiológicos e educacionais que podem ser detectados decorrentes do uso excessivo dessa ferramenta. Para isso, foram selecionadas três escolas, sendo uma de região central, e duas periféricas no município de Santiago/RS. Com o propósito de desenvolver a atividade foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado, totalizando uma amostra de 147 discentes, discutindo através de uma conversa informal com os mesmos os aspectos negativos e positivos relacionados ao uso da internet.  A pesquisa observou que a maioria dos adolescentes mantém hábitos saudáveis de socialização, saídas com amigos e relações de amizade, além das amizades virtuais. A quantidade de horas disponibilizadas para o acesso à internet não ultrapassam duas horas, dessa forma a qualidade do sono, higiene pessoal e alimentação são conservadas. Notou-se que a condição socioeconômica é um fator determinante para a exposição, pois grande quantidade dos entrevistados auxiliam seus pais em tarefas domésticas, fato comum hoje em dia onde pai e mãe trabalham para o sustento da família. Verifica-se que as intervenções pedagógicas nas escolas são fundamentais, pois auxiliam o discente no desenvolvimento da criticidade e do conhecimento de aspectos negativos ligados a internet, compete aos indivíduos aproveitarem os benefícios dessa tecnologia sem serem subjugados a ela.
RRI: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE DECISÕES CONSCIENTES NO DESAFIO DA CIBERCULTURA
Authors: Torres Patrícia Lupion , Kowalski Raquel Pasternak Glitz , Santos Katia Ethiénne Esteves dos
Published: January 2019

Em parceria com o projeto europeu Engage, esta investigação de um grupo de estudo de pesquisa da prática pedagógica na educação presencial e a distância, enfatiza nas discussões no ambiente WeSpot e nos mapas do LiteMap o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias para preparar os estudantes para desenvolver as habilidades de Pesquisa e Inovação Responsáveis (Responsible Research and Innovation - RRI). O projeto europeu Engage em parceria com uma universidade brasileira, realizou discussões e atividades envolvendo o tema Agrobiodiversidade – Transgênicos, por meio da cocriação. Neste contexto, utilizando a Inquiry Based Learning (IBL), os professores desempenham um papel importante para tornar a RRI uma realidade nas escolas e na sociedade.
Precarização do Trabalho Docente na Educação a Distância: elementos para pensar a valorização da docência virtual
Authors: Veloso Braian Garrito , Mill Daniel
Published: January 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as características do trabalho contemporâneo e suas implicações à docência na Educação a Distância (EaD) no âmbito do Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB). Para atender ao escopo do estudo, foram coletados dados, por meio de questionários virtuais, de 677 docentes que atuam ou já atuaram no âmbito do Sistema UAB. Posteriormente, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito desses profissionais. Por meio da pesquisa, identificamos algumas características que permeiam a atividade docente exercida no Sistema UAB, como a flexibilização, o trabalho em tempo parcial, a fragilização dos vínculos entre docentes e universidades, etc.
Metáforas Fundamentais da Tecnologia Educacional
Authors: Lemgruber Márcio , Ferreira Giselle
Published: January 2019

Segundo a Teoria da Argumentação, metáforas fundamentais consistem em associações oriundas do mundo físico que têm caráter balizador da percepção. Este artigo discute metáforas fundamentais na educação, focalizando metáforas da tecnologia. Em particular, analisa as metáforas do Lego e puzzle, associadas à recontextualização de artefatos e concepções da computação na educação a partir, por exemplo, das noções de Objetos de Aprendizagem e Recursos Educacionais Abertos. Propõe que essas imagens refletem a fragmentação e desumanização de processos educacionais associadas à automação, e sugere a criação de um mosaico como uma metáfora mais adequada ao pensar e fazer educacionais que acomodam o humano em sua multiplicidade.
Entrevista 1 - Prof. Dr. Nelson Pretto
Authors: Santos Edmea , Pesce Lucila , Bruno Adriana Rocha
Published: January 2019

Professor Titular (e ativista) da Faculdade de Educação www.faced.ufba.br da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)/Brasil, aborda na entrevista, além de sua trajetória como docente, pesquisador e militante, aspectos centrais para este número temático, como a relação entre Educação e Net-ativismo, a relação entre educação e cibercultura, em um cenário de resistência e os principais desafios, possibilidades e perspectivas, na relação entre educação e cibercultura, em contexto de resistência, no Brasil e no mundo.
A CIDADE E O CONSERVATÓRIO NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE SUJEITOS
Authors: Ferrari Anderson
Published: January 2019

O Conservatório de Música Lia Salgado foi fundado em 1956, na cidade de Leopoldina como parte de um projeto de educação mais amplo de investimento nas Artes. Considerando a importância deste projeto, sobretudo o papel desenvolvido pelo Conservatório na cidade, estamos interessados em discutir os processos de subjetivação a partir deste espaço e das artes. Processos de subjetivação que dizem das diferentes maneiras e mecanismos de constituição dos sujeitos, envolvendo discursos, práticas, mecanismos, espaços, histórias. Assim sendo, procuramos analisar as relações que atravessam a constituição desses sujeitos como alunos de um Conservatório Estadual de Música, como moradores de uma cidade do interior de Minas, ou seja, como alunos e moradores de uma cidade do interior de Minas que tem um Conservatório de Música fruto de um contexto histórico, de um tempo-espaço outro que se relaciona com a ideia de cidade e de sujeito, de passado-presente. Como essa relação Cidade-Conservatório se constrói e se sustenta bem ao estilo arqueológico de Foucault, ou seja, uma escavação no sentido de descortinar as práticas e os discursos que foram nos atravessando e constituindo o que somos como sujeitos e “isso” que chamamos “realidade”?
O grupo escolar e a formação do direito social à educação: ensaio interpretativo
Authors: Da Rocha Marlos Bessa Mendes
Published: January 2019

O foco do trabalho é a relação do grupo escolar com a formação de novo tempo histórico na política pública de educação.  O tempo novo se caracterizou pelo protagonismo fundamental do Estado no financiamento educacional e na preocupação de abrangência de todas as crianças na idade escolar. Os dois traços são indicativos de uma transformação histórica profunda das relações jurídico-políticas na sociedade brasileira, pois começa a ocorrer entre nós algo que já estava colocado no Ocidente, qual seja a formação do moderno direito social à educação. O fundamento teórico é a categoria tempo histórico nos termos definidos por Paul Ricoeur. São fontes: o Arquivo Público Mineiro (BH), jornais de época, além de fontes encontradas em algumas instituições escolares da Cidade de Juiz de Fora
DECIFRA-ME OU TE DEVORO: ESTUDOS SOBRE O MOVIMENTO ESCOLA “SEM” PARTIDO
Authors: Reis Larissa Pereira
Published: January 2019

Resenha do livro de FRIGOTTO, Gaudêncio (org.). ESCOLA “SEM” PARTIDO. Esfinge que ameaça a educação e a sociedade brasileira. Rio de Janeiro:  LPP/UERJ, 2017
APRESENTAÇÃO DOSSIÊ GEOGRAFIAS DAS INFÂNCIAS: FRONTEIRAS E CONEXÕES
Authors: Fernandez Maria Lídia Bueno , Lopes Jader Janer Moreira
Published: January 2019

Apresentação
SOBRE DESENVOLVIMENTO DA INFÂNCIA E DEFECTOLOGIA: INDÍCIOS DO PAPEL ATIVO DO SUJEITO
Authors: Coelho Cristina Massot Madeira
Published: January 2019

Este texto busca refletir sobre aspectos que, na obrade Vigotski, demandam transcender a compreensãocognitivista hegemônica de grande parte dosdesdobramentos teóricos atuais decorrentes de sua obraseminal. Tais aspectos, além disso, resultam na superaçãode determinismos, tanto social quanto biológico,como uma das bases em que o autor soviético situa suaobra. As questões reunidas permitem apontar para acompreensão de desenvolvimentos contemporâneos queavançam em concepções mais complexas do que seriapossível para Vigotski produzir há um século, tanto pelodesenvolvimento da ciência de então quanto, no caso desseautor, por questões políticas que enfrentou em sua época devida. Parte-se de dois princípios advindos da apropriaçãoda noção da dialética para a compreensão de processospsicológicos, premissas que conferem singularidade a essarepresentação teórica. São eles: a busca da superação dadicotomia individual-social e a procura de uma concepçãodinâmica de fenômenos psíquicos, como, por exemplo, aunidade dinâmica e significativa para os pares ‘cognição eafeto’, ‘pensamento e linguagem’, entre outros. A discussãoproposta decorre de questões expostas em dois textos: aobra ‘Fundamentos de Defectologia’ e o texto-aula ‘Theproblem of environment’, escritos em momentos diversosda produção do autor. Concluo a análise das duas obras,articulando os indícios encontradossobre o papel dacriança nos seus processos de desenvolvimento, comuma breve discussão sobre o valor heurístico da categoria teórica de sujeito, tal como proposta na atualidade porGonzález Rey (2002, 2010, 2017), no âmbito da TeoriaCultural-Histórica da Subjetividade.
ARTE, VIDA, INFÂNCIA, TERRITÓRIO: POR UMA SEMIÓTICA DA IMAGINAÇÃO E DO ESPAÇO
Authors: Ponzio Luciano
Published: January 2019

Situado em uma espécie de “mapatexto”, poderíamosimaginar o texto de escritura como uma partemutável de um continente (de Arte, de Literatura,de Filosofia, etc.), fora de registro, não enquadrávelnas cartografias tradicionais, não inscrevíveldentro dos mapas de territórios ideológicos. Umtexto é um texto de escritura quando é estranhoe externo a cada confim territorial, desprovidode fronteiras ideológicas; sem morada, sem pose;não-denominável, paradoxalmente ilegível, quea língua não consegue consumir. A semiótica éa específica tendência do animal humano pararefletir sobre seus próprios signos e dos outros,portanto de único responsável em nível planetáriocapaz de re-escrever a superfície do mundo atravésde estratégias textuais.
“ELES BRINCAM DE GUERRA MUNDIAL”: PROTAGONISMO INFANTIL EM NARRATIVAS DE CRIANÇAS IMIGRANTES
Authors: Hartman Luciana
Published: January 2019

O foco deste artigo é debater o lugar de protagonismoestabelecido por crianças imigrantes, recém-chegadas àFrança, ao contarem histórias. Utilizando o escopo teórico emetodológico dos Estudos da Performance, analisaremos nãoapenas O QUÊ as crianças contam, mas COMO contam,pois isso permite compreender melhor como se dá a agênciadas crianças nos processos de escolarização que ocorrem emclasses de acolhimento francesas. As narrativas citadas no textoforam produzidas no âmbito de uma pesquisa etnográficopropositiva,realizada entre 2014 e 2015, em duas escolaspúblicas francesas de Ensino Fundamental.
TERRITÓRIOS DE INFÂNCIA E O LUGAR DOS BEBÊS
Authors: Tebet Gabriela Guarnieri de Campos
Published: January 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar o conceito de infânciacomo um território em disputa e localizar os bebês nesseterritório. Para isso, traça um panorama dos diferentes modoscomo a infância tem sido definida na produção acadêmicaatual, estabelece relações com contos infantis amplamenteconhecidos e aponta para o fato de que, se, por um lado, pormuito tempo, as crianças foram invisibilizadas nas pesquisasem Ciências Sociais e Humanas, por outro lado, a própriacategoria criança ainda hoje tem invisibilizado a especificidadedos bebês. Por fim, discute a presença dos bebês no contextosocial que habitam e também nas pesquisas científicas,destacando sua presença e sua ação sobre os territórios quehabitam.
Habilidades sociales y estrés infantil
Authors: Vega Valero Cynthia Zaira , González Betanzos Fabiola , Anguiano Serrano Sandra , Nava Quiroz Carlos , Soria Trujano Rocío
Published: January 2019

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la relación entre estrés infantil y habilidades sociales. Se aplicaron dos inventarios, el primero fue el Inventario de Estrés Infantil (IEI) compuesto por tres áreas; familiar, escolar y social. El segundo evaluó habilidades sociales, la Matson Evaluation of Social Skills in Youngsters (MESSY) para alumnos con cinco áreas, aunque sólo se consideró la de habilidades sociales para este estudio. Participaron 212 niños de 8 a 10 años. Los resultados mostraron relaciones significativas entre estrés alto y habiliddes sociales, pero no entre estrés bajo o nulo y las mismas. Los resultados se discuten a partir de las hipótesis pertinentes y las propiedades métricas de los instrumentos
Reflexiones sobre la investigación actual de redes de apoyo social en adultos mayores
Authors: Acuña Gurrola María del Refigio , Hernández-Pozo María del Rocío
Published: January 2019

La presente revisión se realizó para examinar las características presentes en los estudios que describen las funciones de las redes de apoyo social en población adulta mayor, ya que este es un grupo poblacional que va en aumento y se ha documentado que la red social es importante para el bienestar físico y psicológico de las personas (Rowe & Kahn, 1987; Jackson, 2006). Efectuando una búsqueda de artículos sobre el tema publicados desde 1996 a 2007 en cuatro bases de datos (EBSCO, Elsevier, ProQUEST y sciELO) y con base en los criterios de inclusión, se examinaron variables sustantivas, metodológicas y extrínsecas de las redes. Se encontraron investigaciones realizadas en diferentes países, y de manera destacada en Estados Unidos. Uno de los principales problemas que enfrentan los investigadores en esta área es la falta de consenso respecto de los elementos que se consideran como parte de la red, lo que genera avances incipientes e inconmensurables. Se proponen el empleo común de algunos elementos conceptuales y metodológicos indispensables en el estudio de redes de apoyo social para adultos mayores, que permitirá reordenar y esclarecer los conocimientos actuales en el área.
Efectos de la agresión colérica en el desempeño deportivo en deportes de contacto: una revisión empírica
Authors: Oliva Félix Jesús , Hernández-Pozo María del Rocío
Published: January 2019

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una revisión sobre los efectos de la agresión colérica en el desempeño deportivo en atletas de contacto físico. Lainvestigación se basa en ocho artículos, obtenidos a partir de cuatro bases electrónicas (PsycInfo, Ebsco, Proquest, Elsevier) y tres revistas especializadas (Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Perceptual and Motor Skills y Revista de Psicología del Deporte), publicados entre 1995 y 2007. El análisis de ese material reveló que son escasos los modelos conceptuales que abordan la relación entre la cólera y la ejecución deportiva. Los resultados estadísticos presentados en esta revisión sugieren de manera parcial, pero no definitiva que la agresión colérica favorece la actuación en los deportes de contacto (50% de los estudios), sin embargo el otro 50% de los estudios reportaron que esa emoción no afectó el desempeño. Las conclusiones divididas sobre el aporte de la agresión colérica, basadas en el análisis de la evidencia empírica de u segmento limitado de literatura, no deben desalentar el estudio de esta relación. se sugieren algunas medidas metodológicas para realizar investigaciones futuras sobre el tema.
Caracterización del Síndrome Burnout: Propuesta Experimental
Authors: Fuentes Natalia , Torres Carlos
Published: January 2019

Se presenta un estudio que evalúa el efecto de la retroalimentación en una tarea de resolución de problema, relacionándolo con la emergencia de conductas asociadas al Síndrome Burnout. Participaron 6 estudiantes de licenciatura entre 21 y 24 años de edad. Se utilizó el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory- Student Survey (MBI-SS) y el juego de mesa “Mente Maestra” de Birján. El objetivo del juego de mesa es encontrar el código oculto con base en la retroalimentación dada. Constó de 2 grupos de 3 participantes cada uno. Se utilizó un diseño balanceado simple con pre y post prueba con retroalimentación completa y dos fases, una sin retroalimentación y la otra con retroalimentación parcial. Los resultados muestran que sin retroalimentación, los participantes disminuyen las respuestas correctas, invierten menos tiempo en encontrar la respuesta correcta y aumentan los comentarios sobre la tarea (i.e. “¿me puedes decir si está bien el color?”), ejecución (i.e. “¡Lo estoy haciendo muy bien!”), estado (i.e. “¡me siento cansado!”), y respuestas de estado (i.e. tallarse los ojos) en contraste con la fase con retroalimentación parcial y la pre y post pruebas. Los resultados observados en este estudio se pudieran relacionar con aquellas conductas asociadas en personas diagnosticadas con Síndrome Burnout , en la medida en que se vinculan con estados del individuo y su desempeño en situaciones con cierto grado de ambigüedad, lo cual se ha relacionado con la emergencia de este síndrome.
Un programa Windows para asistir la redacción de reportes del WAIS-III Mexicano.
Authors: Tanner Barry A. , Ramirez Maria Cristina
Published: January 2019

El Asistente WAIS es una herramienta nueva que tiene como objetivo facilitar el informe de los  resultados de la evaluación con la Escala de inteligencia Wechsler  para adultos - Tercera edición (versión Mexicana), cuando se utiliza las normas Estadounidenses.  El Asistente tiene un interface en español y produce un informe preliminar en español, que debe editarse e integrarse con información adicional de acuerdo a los estándares de informes psicológicos. Este programa de Windows es gratis para psicólogos calificados.
Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de sintomatología de trastornos alimentarios: Estudio prospectivo
Authors: Escoto María del Consuelo , Camacho Esteban J. , Mancilla Juan Manuel
Published: January 2019

Doscientos ochenta y un hombres y mujeres (12-14 años de edad) participaron en la línea base de un estudio prospectivo diseñado para examinar un grupo de factores de riesgo potenciales para el desarrollo de trastornos alimentarios. De los 281 participantes,  246 (87.5%) completaron el Test Infantil de Actitudes Alimentarias en el seguimiento (12 meses después). Los 20 que rebasaron el punto de corte en este instrumento fueron clasificados como un grupo sintomático. Empleando pruebas t para muestras independientes, los grupos sintomático y asintomático fueron comparados en las siguientes medidas: Inventario de Autoestima, Inventario de Trastornos Alimentarios, Cuestionario de Influencia de los Modelos Estéticos Corporales, Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal e índice de masa corporal. Los participantes con sintomatología informaron menor autoestima y mayor insatisfacción corporal. Adicionalmente, informaron mayor influencia de los modelos estéticos corporales y un deterioro en las características psicológicas y conductuales asociadas con los trastornos alimentarios. El estatus de esas variables puede indicar una vulnerabilidad potencial a los trastornos alimentarios y sugiere el uso de estrategias de intervención.