bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory
Authors: Ali Amjad , Al-Sulaiman Fahad A. , Al-Duais Ibrahim N. A. , Irshad Kashif , Malik Muhammad Zeeshan , Shafiullah Md , Zahir Md. Hasan , Ali Hafiz Muhammad , Malik Sheraz Alam
Published: June 2021

Electricity generation from renewable energy (RE) sources has not been well utilized in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). KSA has publicized its Vision 2030 renewable energy target to deploy 58.7 gigawatts of RE, paving the way for a low-carbon economy in the country. Renewable portfolio standard (RPS) may play an influential role as a policy instrument to stimulate the RE development and consumption on a large scale and pursue the Vision 2030 objectives. In this study, the renewable portfolio standards policy assessment was carried out to investigate the issues impelling the employment of or plan to adopt RPS. To elucidate the collaborating interaction amongst the multiple stakeholders at different levels in the formulation of renewable portfolio standard, in this assessment study, we used a multi-theoretical approach for examining the policy networks theory (PNT) to inspect the communication links and strategies of different actors who are responsible and involved in KSA policy formulation and enactment. It will help overcome the interaction limitations amongst the actors, contribute to understanding various actors’ behaviors and facilitate RPS development and implementation. In this paper, PNT’s four strategy phases (interaction, agenda-setting, action plan and legislative) are used for RPS development assessment. In this paper, we presented KSA’s overall systematic picture for RPS formulation to adopt and implement it practically for a collaborative relationship between five actors—policy and regulatory bodies, professional bodies, inter-governmental bodies, power producers and social networks—at different levels by using PNT to analyze the interactive relationship amongst actors. This detailed analysis will help KSA overcome the institutional relationship and interaction limitations of the actors in RPS formulation and thereby offer significant success for RE deployment in KSA, while providing viable ideas, procedures and bases for government departments to formulate applicable policies for the renewable energy system efficiently. The evaluation of the communications among major partakers in the policy network field helps to efficiently explicate the hindrances in policy formulation and enactment to make the RPS more effective.
Potential Benefits and Constraints of Development of Critical Raw Materials’ Production in the EU: Analysis of Selected Case Studies
Authors: Guzik Katarzyna , Galos Krzysztof , Kot-Niewiadomska Alicja , Eerola Toni , Eilu Pasi , Carvalho Jorge , Fernandez-Naranjo Francisco Javier , Arvidsson Ronald , Arvanitidis Nikolaos , Raaness Agnes
Published: June 2021

Major benefits and constraints related to mineral extraction within the EU have been identified on the examples of selected critical raw materials’ deposits. Analyzed case studies include the following ore deposits: Myszków Mo-W-Cu (Poland), Juomasuo Au-Co (Finland), S. Pedro das Águias W-Sn (Portugal), Penouta Nb-Ta-Sn (Spain), Norra Kärr REEs (Sweden) and Trælen graphite (Norway). They represent different stages of development, from the early/grassroot exploration stage, through advanced exploration and active mining, up to reopening of abandoned mines, and refer to different problems and constraints related to the possibility of exploitation commencement. The multi-criteria analysis of the cases has included geological and economic factors as well as environmental, land use, social acceptance and infrastructure factors. These factors, in terms of cost and benefit analysis, have been considered at three levels: local, country and EU levels. The analyzed cases indicated the major obstacles that occur in different stages of deposit development and need to be overcome in order to enable a new deposit exploitation commencement. These are environmental (Juomasuo and Myszków), spatial (Juomasuo) as well as social constraints (Norra Kärr, Juomasuo). In the analyzed cases, the most important constraints related to future deposit extraction occur primarily at a local level, while some important benefits are identified mainly at the country and the EU levels. These major benefits are related to securing long-term supplies for the national industries and strategically important EU industry sectors.
Assessment of Drought Impact on Net Primary Productivity in the Terrestrial Ecosystems of Mongolia from 2003 to 2018
Authors: Nanzad Lkhagvadorj , Zhang Jiahua , Tuvdendorj Battsetseg , Yang Shanshan , Rinzin Sonam , Prodhan Foyez Ahmed , Sharma Til Prasad Pangali
Published: June 2021

Drought has devastating impacts on agriculture and other ecosystems, and its occurrence is expected to increase in the future. However, its spatiotemporal impacts on net primary productivity (NPP) in Mongolia have remained uncertain. Hence, this paper focuses on the impact of drought on NPP in Mongolia. The drought events in Mongolia during 2003–2018 were identified using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS)-derived NPP was computed to assess changes in NPP during the 16 years, and the impacts of drought on the NPP of Mongolian terrestrial ecosystems was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed a slightly increasing trend of the growing season NPP during 2003–2018. However, a decreasing trend of NPP was observed during the six major drought events. A total of 60.55–87.75% of land in the entire country experienced drought, leading to a 75% drop in NPP. More specifically, NPP decline was prominent in severe drought areas than in mild and moderate drought areas. Moreover, this study revealed that drought had mostly affected the sparse vegetation NPP. In contrast, forest and shrubland were the least affected vegetation types.
WDA: An Improved Wasserstein Distance-Based Transfer Learning Fault Diagnosis Method
Authors: Zhu Zhiyu , Wang Lanzhi , Peng Gaoliang , Li Sijue
Published: June 2021

With the growth of computing power, deep learning methods have recently been widely used in machine fault diagnosis. In order to realize highly efficient diagnosis accuracy, people need to know the detailed health condition of collected signals from equipment. However, in the actual situation, it is costly and time-consuming to close down machines and inspect components. This seriously impedes the practical application of data-driven diagnosis. In comparison, the full-labeled machine signals from test rigs or online datasets can be achieved easily, which is helpful for the diagnosis of real equipment. Thus, we introduced an improved Wasserstein distance-based transfer learning method (WDA), which learns transferable features between labeled and unlabeled signals from different forms of equipment. In WDA, Wasserstein distance with cosine similarity is applied to narrow the gap between signals collected from different machines. Meanwhile, we use the Kuhn–Munkres algorithm to calculate the Wasserstein distance. In order to further verify the proposed method, we developed a set of case studies, including two different mechanical parts, five transfer scenarios, and eight transfer learning fault diagnosis experiments. WDA reached an average accuracy of 93.72% in bearing fault diagnosis and 84.84% in ball screw fault diagnosis, which greatly surpasses state-of-the-art transfer learning fault diagnosis methods. In addition, comprehensive analysis and feature visualization are also presented.
Feasibility of Sensor Technology for Balance Assessment in Home Rehabilitation Settings
Authors: Kelly Daniel , Esquivel Karla Muñoz , Gillespie James , Condell Joan , Davies Richard , Karim Shvan , Nevala Elina , Alamäki Antti , Jalovaara Juha , Barton John , Tedesco Salvatore , Nordström Anna
Published: June 2021

The increased use of sensor technology has been crucial in releasing the potential for remote rehabilitation. However, it is vital that human factors, that have potential to affect real-world use, are fully considered before sensors are adopted into remote rehabilitation practice. The smart sensor devices for rehabilitation and connected health (SENDoc) project assesses the human factors associated with sensors for remote rehabilitation of elders in the Northern Periphery of Europe. This article conducts a literature review of human factors and puts forward an objective scoring system to evaluate the feasibility of balance assessment technology for adaption into remote rehabilitation settings. The main factors that must be considered are: Deployment constraints, usability, comfort and accuracy. This article shows that improving accuracy, reliability and validity is the main goal of research focusing on developing novel balance assessment technology. However, other aspects of usability related to human factors such as practicality, comfort and ease of use need further consideration by researchers to help advance the technology to a state where it can be applied in remote rehabilitation settings.
An Enhanced Joint Hilbert Embedding-Based Metric to Support Mocap Data Classification with Preserved Interpretability
Authors: Valencia-Marin Cristian Kaori , Pulgarin-Giraldo Juan Diego , Velasquez-Martinez Luisa Fernanda , Alvarez-Meza Andres Marino , Castellanos-Dominguez German
Published: June 2021

Motion capture (Mocap) data are widely used as time series to study human movement. Indeed, animation movies, video games, and biomechanical systems for rehabilitation are significant applications related to Mocap data. However, classifying multi-channel time series from Mocap requires coding the intrinsic dependencies (even nonlinear relationships) between human body joints. Furthermore, the same human action may have variations because the individual alters their movement and therefore the inter/intraclass variability. Here, we introduce an enhanced Hilbert embedding-based approach from a cross-covariance operator, termed EHECCO, to map the input Mocap time series to a tensor space built from both 3D skeletal joints and a principal component analysis-based projection. Obtained results demonstrate how EHECCO represents and discriminates joint probability distributions as kernel-based evaluation of input time series within a tensor reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). Our approach achieves competitive classification results for style/subject and action recognition tasks on well-known publicly available databases. Moreover, EHECCO favors the interpretation of relevant anthropometric variables correlated with players’ expertise and acted movement on a Tennis-Mocap database (also publicly available with this work). Thereby, our EHECCO-based framework provides a unified representation (through the tensor RKHS) of the Mocap time series to compute linear correlations between a coded metric from joint distributions and player properties, i.e., age, body measurements, and sport movement (action class).
Trauma Recovery of Greek Women Who Have Experienced Gender-Based Violence: A Narrative Research
Authors: Lathiotaki Katerina , Koutra Kleio , Ratsika Nikoleta , Saint Arnault Denise
Published: June 2021

In a society where women still suffer from oppression and injustice, research on gender-based violence (GBV) and trauma recovery path is considered a priority. Specifically, it was to be researched how the social and cultural obstacles can affect the help-seeking behavior of Greek women who experienced GBV. The data of this qualitative research were collected through narrative interviews and the analysis was carried out with the thematic analysis. The significant findings of the research were that the feelings of the women changed through the violent relationship, with the feelings of betrayal, guilt, and shame dominating. Moreover, the relative network was not notably utilized, while it seems that the women who utilized their social network were helped to evolve. Additionally, the feelings of guilt and shame stood out as an obstacle to help-seeking behavior and the functionality of the women was reduced on multiple levels during the period in which they experienced gender-based violence. Finally, the physical symptoms of the women during that period, such as musculoskeletal pain, numbing, and gastrointestinal problems, evoke great interest.
Factors Affecting the Lut Desert Tourism in Iran: Developing an Interpretive-Structural Model
Authors: Murgante Beniamino , Eskandari Sani Mohammad , Pishgahi Sara , Zarghamfard Moslem , Kahaki Fatemeh
Published: June 2021

The Lut desert is one of the largest and most attractive deserts in Iran. The value of desert tourism remains unclear for Iran’s economy and has only recently been taken into consideration by the authorities, although its true national and international value remains unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the factors that influence tourism development in the Lut desert. Data collected through the purposive sampling method was analyzed using Interpretive Structural Modeling and the MICMAC Analysis. According to the results, cost-effective travel expenses, security, and safety provided in the desert, together with appropriate media advertising and illustration of the Lut desert (branding) are the leading factors that influence tourism in the Lut desert in Iran. This paper highlighted the importance of desert tourism, especially in this region.
Soy Expansion, Environment, and Human Development: An Analysis across Brazilian Municipalities
Authors: Piras Simone , Wesz Valdemar João , Ghinoi Stefano
Published: June 2021

In the last decades, Brazil has become one of the largest soybean producers and exporters in the world. Although dedicated policies have been implemented since the 1960s, the recent rapid transition towards an agricultural system largely based on soy has had a strong impact on the country’s socio-economic structure—not only in terms of land and labour markets but also on its diverse ecosystems. According to the extant literature, soy has had a beneficial impact on local human development, measured by the human development index (HDI) of the municipalities. However, there is a lack of empirical studies assessing the impact of soy expansion on the single dimensions of the HDI (longevity, education, and income) to disentangle the indirect effects of socio-environmental change while controlling for other local dynamics. To fill this gap, we applied econometric methods to a novel dataset combining municipal-level data on soy production with socio-economic and environmental data for the period 1991–2010. Our findings confirm the positive relation between soy expansion and the HDI at local level, but this relation differs between different HDI dimensions. The marginal benefits of soy expansion are increasing for the income dimension but decreasing for education and longevity. On the other hand, changes in soy productivity (a proxy for agricultural intensification) have a more complex impact on the HDI and its dimensions, but in general its marginal benefits are decreasing over time. Further research could expand the time series once more up-to-date information becomes available.
Modeling the Factors Enhancing the Implementation of Green Procurement in the Pakistani Construction Industry
Authors: Khahro Shabir Hussain , Memon Aftab Hameed , Memon Nafees Ahmed , Arsal Ali , Ali Tauha Hussain
Published: June 2021

This paper adds to the existing body of knowledge on green procurement approaches and sustainability theories for procurement management. It provides practical factors that can directly help the practitioners in implementing green procurement in construction projects. Green procurement is a new era in the construction industry of Pakistan. Thus, this paper aims to quantify the factors improving the adoption of green procurement in construction projects. A detailed literature review has been conducted to design and develop a conceptual model for green procurement. The study intricates the perception of 77 experienced practitioners involved in handling construction projects. The model was analyzed and validated with a partial least squares structural equation modeling technique with SmartPLS V3 software. The model results indicate that market factors and techniques play an essential role in enhancing green procurement acceptance and adoption. This study highlights the gap in achieving sustainability and controlling the environmental impacts caused by construction activities. It assists the construction practitioners to implement the green procurement for better environmental and sustainable performance.
The Coupling between Urban Expansion and Population Growth: An Analysis of Urban Agglomerations in China (2005–2020)
Authors: Huang Qingyao , Liu Yihua
Published: June 2021

Exploring the coordinated development process of people–land allocation in the urbanization process of urban agglomerations is of great significance to promote improvement of the urbanization development level and quality and realize the healthy development of urbanization. We took nine urban agglomerations in China as the research object and the coupling between urban expansion and population growth as the entry point. The overall coupling and the spatial coupling were used to reveal the people–land coupling relationship of nine urban agglomerations at different time periods. We found that both construction land and population within each urban agglomeration were in the stage of continuous growth, and the increase of both was similar and synchronous. The overall and spatial coupling between urban expansion and population growth is increasing. The expansion rate of construction land is a factor that influences the overall and spatial coupling between urban expansion and population growth, i.e., the greater the expansion rate of construction land, the higher the overall and spatial coupling between urban expansion and population growth. This study provides a new perspective for exploring the coupling between urban expansion and population growth and offers a new approach for studying the relationship between the two.
Personal Heating in Dwellings as an Innovative, Energy-Sufficient Heating Practice: A Case Study Research
Authors: Van Loy Nick , Verbeeck Griet , Knapen Elke
Published: June 2021

Despite the efforts to improve the energy efficiency of buildings, the actual energy consumption decreased much less than expected in recent years. Therefore, energy sufficiency is gaining attention as a complementary approach to energy efficiency. It aims to reduce the actual energy consumption of buildings by providing thermal comfort to residents in a sufficient way. This demands for alternative heating practices, such as the application of personal heating systems. Although a review of past studies shows that, in office buildings, thermal comfort can be provided with less energy by using personal heating systems, the application in a residential context is much less explored. Our hypothesis is that an innovative, energy-sufficient personal heating practice also has potential to reduce the overall energy consumption in dwellings. Therefore, this paper presents the results of a one-week case study on personal heating as an energy-sufficient heating practice in three dwellings. During the case study, the ambient temperature was reduced to 18 °C, and residents were allowed to use active and passive personal heating systems to make themselves as comfortable as possible. They were also asked to evaluate their thermal sensation and thermal comfort. The results show that, despite a lower indoor temperature, residents are able to achieve thermal comfort by using personal heating at the locations where they effectively reside. Additionally, a significant energy saving potential was found. The case study proved our hypothesis, leading to the conclusion that an innovative, sufficient personal heating practice in dwellings can be a supplementary step to reduce the energy consumption to meet the global challenges.
Learning Latent Jet Structure
Authors: Dillon Barry M. , Faroughy Darius A. , Kamenik Jernej F. , Szewc Manuel
Published: June 2021

We summarize our recent work on how to infer on jet formation processes directly from substructure data using generative statistical models. We recount in detail how to cast jet substructure observables’ measurements in terms of Bayesian mixed membership models, in particular Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Using a mixed sample of QCD and boosted tt¯ jet events and focusing on the primary Lund plane observable basis for event measurements, we show how using educated priors on the latent distributions allows to infer on the underlying physical processes in a semi-supervised way.
Whole Cigarette Smoke Condensates Induce Accumulation of Amyloid Beta Precursor Protein with Oxidative Stress in Murine Astrocytes
Authors: Park Eun-Jung , Jin Seung-Woo , Lim Hyun-Ji , Kim Hyeon-Young , Kang Min-Sung , Yang Siyoung
Published: June 2021

Although cigarette smoking has been postulated to be a potential risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the toxic mechanism is still unclear. Additionally, astrocytes have been identified as a potential target, given they play multiple roles in maintaining normal brain function. In this study, we explored the toxic mechanism of whole cigarette smoke condensates (WCSC) using murine astrocytes. Cell proliferation, the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase, and LDH concentrations in the cell supernatants were all reduced in WCSC-treated cells. In addition, oxidative stress was induced, together with shortening of processes, structural damage of organelles, disturbances in mitochondrial function, blockage of autophagic signals, accumulation of amyloid β precursor protein, and loss of chemotactic functions. Based on these results, we hypothesize that dysfunction of astrocytes may contribute to the occurrence of cigarette-smoking-induced AD.
Agro-Environmental Determinants of Leptospirosis: A Retrospective Spatiotemporal Analysis (2004–2014) in Mahasarakham Province (Thailand)
Authors: Viroj Jaruwan , Claude Julien , Lajaunie Claire , Cappelle Julien , Kritiyakan Anamika , Thuainan Pornsit , Chewnarupai Worachead , Morand Serge
Published: June 2021

Leptospirosis has been recognized as a major public health concern in Thailand following dramatic outbreaks. We analyzed human leptospirosis incidence between 2004 and 2014 in Mahasarakham province, Northeastern Thailand, in order to identify the agronomical and environmental factors likely to explain incidence at the level of 133 sub-districts and 1982 villages of the province. We performed general additive modeling (GAM) in order to take the spatial-temporal epidemiological dynamics into account. The results of GAM analyses showed that the average slope, population size, pig density, cow density and flood cover were significantly associated with leptospirosis occurrence in a district. Our results stress the importance of livestock favoring leptospirosis transmission to humans and suggest that prevention and control of leptospirosis need strong intersectoral collaboration between the public health, the livestock department and local communities. More specifically, such collaboration should integrate leptospirosis surveillance in both public and animal health for a better control of diseases in livestock while promoting public health prevention as encouraged by the One Health approach.
Cosmological Parameter Inference with Bayesian Statistics
Authors: Padilla Luis E. , Tellez Luis O. , Escamilla Luis A. , Vazquez Jose Alberto
Published: June 2021

Bayesian statistics and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms have found their place in the field of Cosmology. They have become important mathematical and numerical tools, especially in parameter estimation and model comparison. In this paper, we review some fundamental concepts to understand Bayesian statistics and then introduce MCMC algorithms and samplers that allow us to perform the parameter inference procedure. We also introduce a general description of the standard cosmological model, known as the ΛCDM model, along with several alternatives, and current datasets coming from astrophysical and cosmological observations. Finally, with the tools acquired, we use an MCMC algorithm implemented in python to test several cosmological models and find out the combination of parameters that best describes the Universe.
Characteristics of Chimeric West Nile Virus Based on the Japanese Encephalitis Virus SA14-14-2 Backbone
Authors: Li Guohua , Meng Xianyong , Ren Zhiguang , Li Entao , Yan Feihu , Liu Jing , Zhang Ying , Cui Zhanding , Li Yuetao , Jin Hongli , Cao Zengguo , Yi Le , Huang Pei , Chi Hang , Wang Hualei , Sun Weiyang , Wang Tiecheng , Gao Yuwei , Zhao Yongkun , Yang Songtao , Xia Xianzhu
Published: June 2021

West Nile virus disease (WND) is an arthropod-borne zoonosis responsible for nonspecific fever or severe encephalitis. The pathogen is West Nile virus belonging to the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Every year, thousands of cases were reported, which poses significant public health risk. Here, we constructed a West Nile virus chimera, ChiVax-WN01, by replacing the prMΔE gene of JEV SA14-14-2 with that of the West Nile virus NY99. The ChiVax-WN01 chimera showed clear, different characters compared with that of JEV SA14-14-2 and WNV NY99 strain. An animal study indicated that the ChiVax-WN01 chimera presented moderate safety and immunogenicity for 4-week female BALB/c mice.
Multi-Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Design Using Evolutionarily Conserved T- and B- Cell Epitopes
Authors: Akbay Burkitkan , Abidi Syed Hani , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Mukhatayev Zhussipbek , Ali Syed
Published: June 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created a public health crisis worldwide. Although vaccines against the virus are efficiently being rolled out, they are proving to be ineffective against certain emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. The high degree of sequence similarity between SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses (HCoV) presents the opportunity for designing vaccines that may offer protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants, with cross-protection against other HCoVs. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analyses to identify T and B cell epitopes originating from spike, membrane, nucleocapsid, and envelope protein sequences found to be evolutionarily conserved among seven major HCoVs. Evolutionary conservation of these epitopes indicates that they may have critical roles in viral fitness and are, therefore, unlikely to mutate during viral replication thus making such epitopes attractive candidates for a vaccine. Our designed vaccine construct comprises of twelve T and six B cell epitopes that are conserved among HCoVs. The vaccine is predicted to be soluble in water, stable, have a relatively long half-life, and exhibit low allergenicity and toxicity. Our docking results showed that the vaccine forms stable complex with toll-like receptor 4, while the immune simulations predicted that the vaccine may elicit strong IgG, IgM, and cytotoxic T cell responses. Therefore, from multiple perspectives, our multi-subunit vaccine design shows the potential to elicit a strong immune-protective response against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants while carrying minimal risk for causing adverse effects.
New Advances in Aerobic Granular Sludge Technology Using Continuous Flow Reactors: Engineering and Microbiological Aspects
Authors: Rosa-Masegosa Aurora , Muñoz-Palazon Barbara , Gonzalez-Martinez Alejandro , Fenice Massimiliano , Gorrasi Susanna , Gonzalez-Lopez Jesus
Published: June 2021

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) comprises an aggregation of microbial cells in a tridimensional matrix, which is able to remove carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous as well as other pollutants in a single bioreactor under the same operational conditions. During the past decades, the feasibility of implementing AGS in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for treating sewage using fundamentally sequential batch reactors (SBRs) has been studied. However, granular sludge technology using SBRs has several disadvantages. For instance, it can present certain drawbacks for the treatment of high flow rates; furthermore, the quantity of retained biomass is limited by volume exchange. Therefore, the development of continuous flow reactors (CFRs) has come to be regarded as a more competitive option. This is why numerous investigations have been undertaken in recent years in search of different designs of CFR systems that would enable the effective treatment of urban and industrial wastewater, keeping the stability of granular biomass. However, despite these efforts, satisfactory results have yet to be achieved. Consequently, it remains necessary to carry out new technical approaches that would provide more effective and efficient AGS-CFR systems. In particular, it is imperative to develop continuous flow granular systems that can both retain granular biomass and efficiently treat wastewater, obviously with low construction, maintenance and exploitation cost. In this review, we collect the most recent information on different technological approaches aimed at establishing AGS-CFR systems, making possible their upscaling to real plant conditions. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these proposals and suggest future trends in the application of aerobic granular systems. Accordingly, we analyze the most significant technical and biological implications of this innovative technology.
Application and Evaluation of Load Management Systems in Urban Low-Voltage Grid Planning
Authors: Wintzek Patrick , Ali Shawki Alsayed , Kotthaus Kevin , Wruk Julian , Zdrallek Markus , Monscheidt Julian , Gemsjäger Ben , Slupinski Adam
Published: June 2021

Not all urban low-voltage grids will be able to integrate new loads such as charging infrastructure for electric mobility or electrical heat pumps into existing structures without further measures. Therefore, this article analyzes to what extent load management is more cost-effective than conventional grid expansion. Methodically, the different load types are first apportioned from country to grid-level on the basis of different parameters. Subsequently, both conventional grid planning as a reference variant and innovative grid planning with different variants of load management are carried out. As a result, it can be summarized that the future success of load management is strongly dependent on its costs and whether the necessary information and communication technology is already deployed in the grids. Regardless of the costs, there is also considerable potential for savings in conventional grid expansions.
Vitamin D and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Bochkareva Mariya Aleksandrovna , Bulgakova Svetlana Viktorovna , Melikova Anula Viktorovna
Published: June 2021

Allergic diseases, in particular, atopic dermatitis, are becoming a global health problem due to the rapid spread, both as an independent disease and as a predictor of the development of bronchial asthma. Discovery of all the processes of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis will provide great opportunities for the prevention and treatment of this disease. In this regard, special attention is paid to vitamin D, which becomes more and more popular all over the world every year. In addition to the known and studied consequences of vitamin D deficiency for skeletal system health and mineral metabolism, recent studies have shown that calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is involved in many biological processes in the body, including the regulation of the immune system. The discovery of the vitamin D receptor on various cells of the body opens up new prospects for studying the course of various diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, vascular atherosclerosis, obesity, autoimmune diseases, oncology and allergies. The review will be devoted to this problem. 38 foreign and 2 domestic sources are cited.
The role of lecithin deficiency in the pathogenesis of the nervous system diseases and a decrease in the adaptive potential. The importance of lecithin nutritional support for the correction of disorders
Authors: Gizinger O.A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents an analysis of the modern complex product Lecithin Premium, characterized by a positive effect on the cognitive and neurological functions of the body and providing an adequate neuropsychic state and adaptive potential. The study included an analysis of medical literature databases from the early 90s of the last century to the present day. Lecithin is a mixture of compounds, mainly phospholipids. It has many key functions in the body; it is involved in regulating cholesterol levels or building the sheath of nerve cells. Thanks to this, lecithin supports mental processes, improves memory and concentration, and also has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the heart and liver.
COVID-19: Analysis of statistics, a range of regulations and standard operating procedures
Authors: Gizinger O.A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents an analysis of current information on statistical data, a number of regulatory documents and standard operating procedures for vaccination and specific prevention of new coronavirus infection. The text of the article was compiled on the basis of an analysis of regulatory documents, the results of patient studies conducted at Laboratory Gemotest LLC, and version 10 of the Temporary Guidelines «Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19)», developed by leading Russian experts.
The effect of sialic acid content in glycans on thrombolytic activity of tissue plasminogen activators
Authors: Chaschinova D. V. , Stratonova N. V. , Kudlay D. A.
Published: June 2021

Purpose: to investigate the dependence of the thrombolytic activity of tissue plasminogen activators (tPA) alteplase and tenecteplase on the degree of sialylation of the oligosaccharide component of molecules. Materials and methods: tPA specimens with an average degree of sialylation were obtained by cultivating CHO clones-producers in the fed-batch mode; desialylated forms of tPA were obtained by processing with neuraminidase, and hypersialylated forms of tPA were obtained by cultivating clones-producers in a medium with the addition of butyrate. The content of sialic acids was determined by resorcinol method, and the activity of tPA was determined by fibrin clot lysis. Results: the dependence of tenecteplase activity on the content of sialic acids in the molecule is demonstrated. The activity of tenecteplase falls below the limits of the target range when the content of sialic acids is more than 5 residues per tenecteplase molecule. No such relation was found for alteplase. Conclusion: the content of sialic acid residues affects the biological activity of tenecteplase; the activity of alteplase does not depend on the degree of sialylation of the molecule.
Physiotherapy of cicatricial skin changes in the conditions of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Kazantseva K. V. , Nagornev S. N. , Frolkov V. K.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the effectiveness of combined application of fractional photothermolysis and fermencol ultraphonophoresis against the background of metabolic syndrome in patients with cicatricial skin changes. It is shown that the efficiency of combined physiotherapy is reduced if it is performed against the background of metabolic syndrome. It is proved that the leading pathogenetic factors of the metabolic syndrome that reduce the therapeutic potential of physiotherapy procedures are insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders. It is found that the use of fractional photothermolysis and fermencol ultraphonophoresis does not affect significantly the main parameters of the metabolic syndrome in patients with or without metabolic syndrome. It is suggested that to increase the effectiveness of physiotherapy in patients with cicatricial skin changes in the presence of disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, provoked by the development of insulin resistance, additional use of therapeutic factors used to correct metabolic disorders is necessary.
Efficiency of using physical factors in chronic periodontitis in geriatric patients
Authors: Edilbiev Z. V. , Fedorov A. A.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to optimize restorative treatment of elderly and senile patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) by inclusion in the treatment complex of therapeutic physical factors (TPF) and rational pharmacotherapy. Material and methods. The study included 120 elderly and senile patients (at the age from 60 to 75 years old) with CGP. There have been formed 3 groups by simple randomization. In the main group (MG) there were — 4 3patients тhey received standard treatment for CGP and additionally: antihypoxant Hypoxen, vitamin-mineral complex Alphabet50+, mud treatment (ultraphonophoresis of peloid oil solution in the area of upper and lower jaws and mud applications according to the segmentary-reflex method on the projection of cervical-collar zone). In the group of comparison (GC) there were 41 patients they received Hypoxen and Alphabet50+. Against the background of standard therapy — 36 patients of the control group (CG) had only standard therapy for CGP. Dental indices, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), and geriarthric index were used to control treatment effectiveness. Results. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of therapeutic measures showed that, in the MG, on average, the level of periodontal indices immediately decreased by 1,92 (p<0,01) times after the treatment, the level of transcapillary blood flow improved by 1,58 (p<0,01) times. Maintaining the achieved positive results in 6 and 12 months was most noted with the patients of the MG: after 6 months, on average, the level of periodontal indices remained below the initial values — by 1,47 (p<0,01), after 12 months — by 1,20 (p<0,05), the level of transcapillary blood flow, respectively, by 1,44 (p<0,01) and 1,30 (p<0,01) times. Confirmation of correctness of the chosen therapeutic tactics was a significant improvement of mouth cavity — the level of the geriatric index increased by 1,48 (р<0,05) times, remaining statistically above reference values in 6 and 12months — respectively by 1,36 (р<0,01) and 1,27 (р<0,05) times. In the GC the dynamics of these indicators was 10–12% lower, in the CG — statistically lower. Conclusion. The inclusion of TPF and rational pharmacotherapy in the complex of restorative treatment of elderly and senile patients provides a significant increase in the effectiveness of therapeutic measures.
New ways to correct mistakes of cadastral valuation
Authors: Borodina O.B. , Zhdanova R.V.
Published: June 2021

This article considers the possibility of correction technical or methodological errors happening in the process of the state cadastral valuation after the approval of the valuation results before the procedure for challenging such results in a commission or in a court.
The blood parameters of steers of Kazakh White-headed breed against the background of the use of feed additive
Authors: Volokhovich A. A. , Fatkullin R. R.
Published: June 2021

Currently it has become popular to use different feed additives that allow us to increase the indicators of live weight gain by accelerating the metabolic processes in the body of animals, which allows us to take everything from the feed and to the maximum. With the advent of this trend in the market the range of feed additives in different directions has increased. For the research we have selected Vermiculite Expanded as a feed additive. The purpose of the research was to search the dynamics of changes in blood parameters in experimental steers in comparison with the control group against the background of the use of the feed additive Vermiculite Expanded. An assessment of blood parameters of Kazakh White-headed steers against the background of the use of mineral feed additive has been presented in the article. Three groups of steers have been formed for the research: the 1st group has been as a control and received the main economic ration; the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups received the feed additive to the main feeding ration in doses of 10 and 15 g/head for the groups, respectively. On the laboratory base blood tests we were able to search the correlation between morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and the growth rate of experimental steers. The steers of the 2nd and 3rd groups during the experiment had an advantage in blood serum indicators in terms of both total lipids and glucose, in the end, the difference in percentage ratio with the control group was 14,08 % in the 2nd group and 12,60 % in the 3rd experimental group. It is worth noting that the concentration of phosphorus and calcium in the blood was at the high level, which in our opinion reflects the influence of the feed additive Vermiculite Expanded.
PRÁTICA DOCENTE COMO TEMA NO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM EDUCAÇÃO EM TEMPO DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: da Silva Ana Paula Santos , Rezende João Nilton Alves , Silva Agaone Donizete , Abrão Maria Eugênia Garcia , Borges Daniela Freitas , de Jesus Aurea Messia , Brito Perseu Aparecido Teixeira , Assunção Ione
Published: June 2021

este estudo tem como tema prática docente que foi motivado pela dificuldade de realizar o estágio supervisionado em plena pandemia diante da nova demanda. O objetivo buscou relato de experiência dos desafios de um estágio obrigatório realizado no Ensino Fundamental II desenvolvido em tempo de pandemia em um curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia. A metodologia foi de natureza qualitativa. O cenário foi em uma escola pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, na cidade de Canápolis – MG. O instrumento foi um roteiro de observação. A metodologia foi dividida em três etapas: Revisão bibliográfica sobre prática docente; Conhecer o perfil e observar os desafios enfrentados pela escola observada em tempos de isolamento social; Elaborar um relatório final dos desafios enfrentado devido os novos paradigmas educacionais no Brasil. Logo no início do estágio, ficou claro o impacto no currículo escolar, na adaptação do currículo e as dificuldades dos educadores com ferramentas tecnologias. Os alunos, por sua vez, demonstraram não estarem habituados com essa modalidade de ensino a distância. Pode-se concluir que a pesquisa atingiu o objetivo proposto, no qual, foi relatado e elaborado as impressões sobre a prática docente em tempos de pandemia. Observamos a necessidade das relações interpessoais e de sabemos o valor de desenvolver uma relação afetiva nesse campo, principalmente a prática docente, mas com o ensino remoto não fica seguro de que isso seja ser atingido.
AS MATÉRIAS-PRIMAS CRÍTICAS EM FERRAMENTAS DE CORTE PARA APLICAÇÕES DE USINAGEM - UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Miranda Fabio , Fernandes Laerte Jose , Batalha Mario Henrique Fernandes , Rodrigues Daniel , Stoeterau Rodrigo Lima , Batalha Gilmar Ferreira
Published: June 2021

O metalduro é um compósito de carboneto de tungstênio (WC) ligado com cobalto, ocasionalmente podendo conter pequenas quantidades de outros carbonetos TiC, TaC, NbC, Cr2C3, VC, entre outros, para obter propriedades específicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão sobre as matérias-primas críticas em ferramentas de corte de usinagem e destacar as tendências no emprego de novos materiais visando minimizar o consumo de WC e Co, nas ferramentas de usinagem. Analisando a situação crítica na obtenção das matérias-primas, escassez, processo de fabricação, toxicidade e custo de aquisição e acesso. O uso de outros metais como fase ligante de metais duros, tais como Ni e Fe, com substituição ao Co, estão sendo considerados como uma alternativa menos agressiva ao ser humano e ao meio ambiente. Comparado ao Co, o uso de Fe e Ni pode ser considerado como inertes a saúde, e com menor potencial para causar doenças ocupacionais aos trabalhadores nas rotas de fabricação de metal duro. Devido à dependência da importação de matéria-prima, necessária a fabricação de metal duro, é vital desenvolver soluções alternativas para enfrentar o alto risco de restrições ao acesso de WC e Co. É necessário avançar em pesquisas visando desenvolver soluções em ferramentas, englobando não só processos convencionais de obtenção de metais duros, mas também o uso de materiais alternativos e novas técnicas de fabricação. Defeitos como crescimento anormal de grãos de WC, baixo rendimento da resistência ao desgaste, molhabilidade da fase ligante com os particulados cerâmicos, entre outros, são situações problemáticas que tornam necessário mais estudos na inter-relação entre processamento, estrutura, propriedades e desempenho, que são muito importantes para os profissionais da área de usinagem. A substituição do Co e WC é uma das tendências de pesquisas da sustentabilidade ambiental, processos de reciclagem, economia circular e urban mining para o desenvolvimento sustentável da cadeia produtiva de metal duro.
Prospects for the Future Development of China’s Space Transportation System
Authors: Wang Xiaojun
Published: June 2021

At present, the world has developed to a new stage of large-scale access to space, which has put forward higher requirements for the development of space transportation. Facing the historical mission of building a space power, focusing on the construction of the China’s space transportation system, this paper studied the development situation of the space transportation system in the world, summarized the development status of the China’s space transportation, combined with future development requirements, and put forward prospects for the future development of the China’s space transportation system.
Features of vascular regulation of students – future specialists in physical education and sports of different sports specializations with different body lengths
Authors: Cretu M. , Borysenko I.V. , Ushmarova V.V. , Grynyova V.M. , Masych V.V.
Published: June 2021

Purpose: to reveal the features of the indicators of the orthostatic test in students with different body lengths and different sport´s specializations, studying in the specialty "Physical education and sports". Material and methods. The study involved 42 students who play sports at the amateur level. The following research methods were used in the work: method of analysis of literary sources; method of determining body length; orthostatic test method; method of determining stroke volume and minute blood volume. Results. The influence of both factors (body length and sport) on the orthostatic test was significant for the following data: systolic blood pressure in the vertical position, diastolic blood pressure in the vertical position; change in diastolic blood pressure when changing body position from horizontal to vertical; Heart rate in vertical and horizontal positions; change in heart rate during the transition from horizontal to vertical position; stroke volume of blood in the vertical position; change in the stroke volume of blood during the transition from horizontal to vertical position; all indicators of minute volume of a blood-groove (p <0,005; p <0,01; p <0,001). The more significant influence of judo and football classes in comparison with running short and medium distances on the indicators of vegetative-vascular regulation was determined: the best indicators - in judo, the next place - in football, then - athletes. It was found that students with a body length of more than 190 cm have difficulty with vegetative-vascular regulation. Conclusions. To improve the adaptive capacity of vascular regulation to change the position of the body from horizontal to vertical in tall athletes is effective to use any exercise, but the most effective exercises that activate aerobic and anaerobic glycolytic energy systems. Also useful are exercises that require frequent transitions from lying down (sitting) to standing position, as well as changes in the direction of movement.