bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revealing Findings From A Genetic Study Of Children Affected By Duchenne Myodystrophy In Kazakhstan
Authors: Umurzakova Ainur , Ayaganov Dinmukhamed , Nurgaliyeva Roza , Nadyrov Kamalzhan , Kozhantayeva Sarkyt , Sakhipova Gulnara , Seypenova Aniya , Mannapova Akzhunus , Chinaliyev Azat , Donayeva Ainur
Published: January 2025

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an inherited neuromuscular disorder that follows an X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance. It manifests as a severe condition characterized by progressive muscle degeneration due to mutations in the DMD gene, which is responsible for encoding the dystrophin protein.
Objective To assess clinical changes in children with Duchenne myodystrophy from the type of DMD gene mutation.
Material and methods The study involved 97 boys aged from 3 to 15 years, the average age of onset of the disease was 3.2±0.18 years. To study patients, laboratory research methods were used, such as a biochemical blood test (creatinine phosphokinase level), and a search for a genetic mutation in the DMD gene was carried out using MLPA and NGS. Clinical manifestations of this disease were assessed using functional status scales.
Results Among the children studied, MLPA revealed deletions in 56 (57.5%), large duplications in 13 (13.2%), and point mutations in 28 (29.3%). The remaining mutations were situated closer to the terminal part responsible for the linkage of the dystroglycanprotein complex within the muscle framework.
Conclusion In our investigation, we explored the correlations between primary clinical data and different mutation characteristics. Our analysis revealed a significant and reliable association between early loss of independent movement, as well as early disease onset, and mutations capable of disrupting the translational reading frame of the dystrophin protein. Given that neuromuscular diseases, including genetic disorders, represent a pressing issue in clinical neurology, these findings underscore the importance of understanding such correlations in managing these conditions.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 279-284
Assessing the Performance of the Competition Commission of Bangladesh: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Jamil Arif , Ragib Chowdhury Ahmed
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted among the experts having good knowledge of the competition law and experience of dealing with the Competition Commission of Bangladesh. This first-of-its-kind study found certain interesting needs to be fulfilled for the better functioning of the Commission and the Competition Act 2012 in Bangladesh. Certain phenomena were reported as common flaws requiring attention by the respondents and they are: manpower, financial issues/ budget, logistics, and ambiguity/‘lack of precision’ of the law. Some unique flaws were identified by rather a minority number of the respondents but deserve attention: Appeal issues/authority, overlapping of power, enforcement hurdles, independence, motivation and bureaucracy, and ‘lacking in sector specific experts’. Furthermore, companies holding ‘significant market power position’ could be a concern for the Regulators. The respondent supported that the Commission should get involved in price-controlling of essential medicine to foster access to healthcare. Respondent underscored the importance of the ‘drug control law and drug policy’ in Bangladesh context, to control the rising cost of medicine. The respondents viewed the Act and the Commission from ‘unsuccessful’ to ‘partially successful’ and ‘successful’; therefore, mixed and varied responses were observed. Multiple respondents recommended the amendment of the Act, including the Appeal provision.
Dhaka University Law Journal, 2024, 35 (1), 53-86
Born to be Unequal? An Assessment of the Rights and Status of Hindu Women in Bangladesh
Authors: Mandal Gobinda Chandra
Published: January 2025

This article examines the legal and social status of Hindu women in Bangladesh, with a focus on their rights to property, marriage, guardianship, maintenance and adoption. It also analyses the factors that contribute to their unequal status, such as religious dogmatism, patriarchal norms, social stigma etc. The study draws on a community survey conducted among 743 Hindu respondents, which reveals their perception of inequality and discrimination against Hindu women, as well as their opinions on the potential reforms of Hindu law in Bangladesh. The article argues that Hindu law in Bangladesh is outdated and unfair to women and that it needs to be reformed in line with the Indian reforms or replaced by a uniform family code that ensures equal rights for all citizens regardless of religion. The article also suggests some steps to be taken to ensure equality for Hindu women and improve their legal and social status in Bangladesh.
Dhaka University Law Journal, 2024, 35 (1), 113-150
In vitro Germination and Mass Multiplication of an Endangered Medicinal Orchid Bulbophyllum crassipes Hook. f. from Bangladesh
Authors: Ayesha Mst Naznin , Islam SM Shahinul
Published: January 2025

An efficient procedure for mass multiplication of an epiphytic medicinal orchid from Bangladesh Bulbophyllum crassipes was established by in vitro seed culture. Seeds obtained from immature pods of B. crassipes were cultured on four different types of nutrient media viz. MS, PM, modified VW and B5. The maximum percentage of seed germination (90.75 ± 0.61) was recorded on MS where various plant growth regulators (PGRs) were used either individually or in combination for secondary protocorm development and multiple shoot buds (MSBs) induction. Secondary protocorm were developed from primary protocorm on MS with BAP, Kn and NAA. The highest number of secondary protocorms (21.07 ± 0.12) were obtain from primary protocorm in MS with 1.0 mg/l Kn and 0.5 mg/l NAA. Here 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA showed the best performance on plant height (3.64 ± 0.07 cm). Maximum multiple shoot buds (8.40 ± 0.26) per single shoot were developed on MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. For root induction single shoots were sub-cultured on ½ MS supplemented with NAA, IAA and IBA. Maximum root induction (6.50 ± 0.29) and its growth (4.11 ± 0.08 cm) was observed on ½ MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IAA. The well rooted plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to pot containing coconut husk, brick pieces and charcoal at a ratio of 2:1:1 for further growth and development.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 93-104, 2024 (December)
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity among Naga Chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Samples Available in Bangladesh
Authors: Dutta Dibakar , Das Subroto K , Haider Ishita , Sony Sonia Khan , Mitra Shawon
Published: January 2025

Naga chili possesses a unique aroma and pungency level. Due to its diversified fruit morphology and uses, it has a special acceptance among consumers. Present experiments were designed to evaluate the genetic divergence of morphologically diverged twelve samples collected from three divisions (Barishal, Khulna and Sylhet) of Bangladesh employing the PCR-based RAPD technique. Analysis by seven decamer primers resulted in 33 RAPD loci ranging from 300 bp to 5000 bp with 84.84% polymorphism. Indicating a high polymorphism existed among those samples. The distance matrix and UPGMA dendrogram showed a considerable level of genetic divergence from 0.0589 to 0.8318 in those samples.  This result indicates that the samples collected from the different division are genetically diverged. This outcome can play a vital role in future molecular analysis of Naga chili.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 133-140, 2024 (December)
Development of Anther Culture Protocol for Selected Brinjal Germplasm (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Pathmathilaka P M L , Kumari H M P S , Weerasinghe P A
Published: January 2025

Selected anthers from seven brinjal germplasm namely; Anjalee, Padagoda, EGH-5, EGH-13, EGH-16, V-5, and 8104 were cultured on MS medium containing different hormonal supplements for callus induction and in vitro regeneration. Various hormonal treatments (T1 to T4) for callus induction consisted 1.0 mg/l Kn and 2.0 mg/l BAP with different concentrations (1, 3, 5 and 0 mg/l) of NAA. The highest percentage of callus induction (83.33 ± 16.67, p <0.05) was obtained in T2 from the hybrid germplasm EGH-13. Significantly the highest percentage of root formation (83.33 ± 16.67, p <0.05) was obtained on 1 mg/l BAP from EGH-13. MS supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP was found to produce shoot (6.67 ± 6.67, (p <0.05) only for germplasm Padagoda. All other germplasm failed to produced shoots on any medium having different combination of hormonal supplements.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 165-171, 2024 (December)
Pathogenic Fungi Associated with Coriander Wilt Disease: Cultural Condition, Molecular Identification and Biological Control
Authors: Rahman Farhana , Dey Sumitra , Alam Nuhu
Published: January 2025

The study was undertaken to identify the causal pathogen of the wilt disease of coriander and explore its cultural conditions, molecular characterization and biological control through antagonistic fungi and plant extracts. The wilt disease of coriander has been linked to the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. The isolated F. oxysporum ITS region yielded 507 bp PCR results. Using the greatest parsimony method with 1000 bootstrapping, a phylogenetic tree of 27 strains of F. oxysporum based on their ITS nucleotide sequences revealed 100% identification with PP506640.1, JUF0083 (F. oxysporum). The findings indicated that PDA medium (75 mm) was the most effective culture medium, followed by PSA medium (72 mm) and the lowest growth (40 mm) was found in YEA medium. The ideal pH and temperature were 6.5 and 25°C, respectively for F. oxysporum mycelial growth. The highest inhibition was showed by T. harzianum (75%), followed by T. erinaceum (63%) and lowest inhibition was showed by T. asperellum (55%) against mycelium growth and development of F. oxysporum. The plant extract of Azadirechta indica provided the highest inhibition rate (70%) followed by Lawsonia inermis (69%) at 30% (v/v) concentration rate. The results suggested that antagonistic fungus, T. harzianum is an effective agent against F. oxysporum, a causal agent of coriander wilt disease.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 193-204, 2024 (December)
Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships and Cultural Conditions of Calocybe indica
Authors: Amin Sheikh Md Ruhul , Habib Farhana , Alam Nuhu
Published: January 2025

Calocybe indica known as a milky white, indigenous and medicinally important edible mushroom. The cultural conditions, molecular identification, and phylogenetic relationships of selected strains of Calocybe indica were examined. The optimal temperature for mycelial development was found to be 30°C, whereas the lowest growth occurred at 15°C. The most favorable growth occurs at a pH of 5. Based on the growth characteristics of various culture media, potato dextrose agar proved to be the most advantageous, while Hennerberg and Czapek Dox media were less suitable. Molecular identification and the phylogenetic relationships of the chosen IUM strains of C. indica were examined through their ITS and RAPD analyses. The selected strains of C. indica had total sequence lengths of ITS1, ITS2, and 5.8S rDNA ranging from 570 to 620 bp. The sizes of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions vary among strains, with ITS2 showing greater variety than ITS1. All strains contained identical 5.8S rDNA sequences, according to sequencing analysis. Eleven out of the twenty arbitrary 10-base oligonucleotide primers utilized to amplify genomic DNA segments for the chosen C. indica strains were effective. RAPD-PCR resulted in distinct multiple products, demonstrating significant variability among the strains assessed. The quantity of amplified bands differed based on the primers utilized or the strains evaluated. The DNA polymorphisms displayed consistent traits in the replicated trials. Thus, it can be concluded that ITS sequencing and RAPD methods were effective in identifying the genetic diversity of the chosen strains of Calocybe indica.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 205-216, 2024 (December)
Screening of Wheat Varieties and Advanced Lines for Salinity Tolerance at the Seedling Stage through Morpho-Molecular Approaches
Authors: Rahman Md Sajibur , Haque AHM Osama , Shorna Surya Afrin , Jafrin Sadia , Mim Md Shadman Sakib , Islam Mirza Mofazzal , Haque Md Shahidul
Published: January 2025

The selection of potential salinity tolerant varieties is important for the cultivation of wheat in saline prone areas. A screening was performed to assess the salt tolerance capacity of 15 wheat varieties of Bangladesh and 10 advanced lines (exotic) in a hydroponic culture system at four distinct salt concentrations (0, 12, 16, and 20 dS/m). The results revealed that different salinity levels significantly affect the growth attributes by reducing the shoot length and fresh as well as dry weight of roots and shoots, with a few exceptions in some genotypes at 12 dS/m salinity. The highest STI (Salt tolerance index) was observed in nine genotypes, namely BINA Gom-1, ESWYT P-44, ESWYT P-28, BARI Gom-23, ESWYT P-19, BARI Gom-27, BARI Gom-29, Pavon-76 and BARI Gom-32 which are regarded as tolerant varieties and advanced lines. The wheat genotypes were subjected to molecular assessment using 21 Single Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers associated with salinity tolerance. SSR marker assisted assessment identified 116 alleles in 25 wheat genotypes, with an average of 5.52 alleles per locus. In this experiment, the marker Xwmc-24 generated the highest (0.825) polymorphism information content (PIC) and Nei's (1973) gene diversity (0.845). Twenty-five genotypes were categorized into six distinct clusters using similarity indices-based cluster analysis. Advanced lines, namely ESWYT P-44, ESWYT P-28, ESWYT P-19 and HYVs, namely BARI Gom-27 and BARI Gom-29, were grouped in cluster 5, while BINA Gom-1 was identified in cluster 1. Considering all the facts, it can be concluded that these just mentioned varieties and inbred advanced lines may be the potential candidates for breeding programs towards salinity tolerance in wheat.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 173-191, 2024 (December)
Multivariate analysis of growth and yield traits of aman rice genotypes in Barishal region of Bangladesh
Authors: Nazmun Nahar  , Khadiza Khatun  , Nazmul Alam Khan  , Md Rafiqul Islam  , Mossammot Moriom  , Nusrat Jahan  , Shamim Akram  , Muhammad Maruf Husain
Published: January 2025

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple crop worldwide in terms of production and cultivation area. In rice breeding efforts, the degree of genetic diversity is a significant factor in selecting appropriate genotypes. This study was carried out to determine genetic diversity among fifteen rice genotypes by assessing different morphological yield traits using multivariate analysis. Our results record significant variation with considerable values for certain specific traits for certain genotypes, indicating genetic diversity among the genotypes. Cluster analysis categorized genotypes into four clusters based on growth and yield characteristics. Significant variations were observed in plant height, panicle length, number of effective tillers per plant, and grain yield. The highest yielding rice genotype was IR18A1075 (6.35 t/ha), followed by IR17A1633 (6.31 t/ha). The maximum distance (43.74) was identified between cluster centroids in cluster III and cluster IV, showing genetic dissimilarity among genotypes that can be used in hybrid breeding programs. Cluster II genotypes exhibited the maximum grain yield potential (5.52 t/ha), indicating the possible usefulness of these genotypes for rice improvement purposes, and it could be cultivated for increased grain yield.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 353-362
Effects of Supplementation of Cinnamon and Turmeric Powder on Performance and Quality of Quail Eggs
Authors: Mofassara Akter  , Md Asaduzzaman  , Md Saiful Islam  , Md Ashik Iqbal  , Md Imran Hossain
Published: January 2025

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of mixed supplementation of turmeric and cinnamon powder on the performance and egg quality of Japanese quail. This study entailed of five treatments with four replications of 20 quails each established in a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of T0 (control), T1 (10 g cinnamon + 10 g turmeric)/kg of feed, T2 (10 g cinnamon + 20 g turmeric)/kg of feed, T3 (20 g cinnamon + 10 g turmeric)/kg of feed, and T4 (20g cinnamon + 20g turmeric)/kg of feed. Feed intake, body weight, feed conversion ratio, egg production, yolk weight, white weight, shell weight, yolk color index, and cholesterol level were among the parameters that were examined. In addition, the percentages of quails that reached maturity at 42 days of age were recorded. The obtained results indicated that supplementing the diet with a mixture of turmeric and cinnamon reduced feed intake and significantly (P<0.05) improved the feed conversion ratio. The average body weight of quails at 42 days did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among the various treatment groups. The dietary supplementation of turmeric and cinnamon, significantly increased the egg production percentage, egg yolk weight and significantly (P<0.05) decreased egg yolk cholesterol level. Therefore, it is recommended that incorporating 20g of turmeric and 20g of cinnamon powder per kg of feed can enhance the performance and egg quality of Japanese quails.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 305-314
Retrospective study of livestock diseases registered at Government Veterinary Hospital in Shahjadpur upazila of Sirajganj district
Authors: Abu Huraira  , Jahagir Alam  , Tania Soltana  , Md Mostafizur Rahman  , Md Shakil Islam  , Md Mominul Islam  , Al Nur Md Iftekhar Rahman
Published: January 2025

The present study was undertaken to find out the suspected clinical diseases of livestock recorded in upazila veterinary hospital from October 1, 2021, to November 30, 2022. The data were collected from the registered book kept at the upazila livestock office and veterinary hospital and analyzed with standard methods. We found that cattle, sheep, and goats were frequently registered for treatment. Clinical diseases and conditions were diagnosed based on standard clinical and laboratory methods. We found that the percentage of tick infestation (18.19%), worm infestation (15.43%), non-specific fever (7.10%), mastitis (4.04%), coughing (2.69%), conjunctivitis (2.26%), dermatitis (2.21%), arthritis (1.59%) and babesiosis (1.92), diarrhea (17.73%), anorexia (8.75%), weakness (3.67%), bloat (2.08%), anestrus (4.77%), and naval ill (2.81%) in cattle. By contrast, the percentage of worm infestation (12.29%, coughing (11.61%), conjunctivitis (6.09%), non-specific fever (4.35%), PPR (3.87%), tick infestation (1.45%), diarrhea (32.52%), anorexia (15.10%), bloat (1.64%), weakness (1.06%), debility (1.06%) and anestrus (1.35%) were in goats. We also found that the percentage of worm infestation (16.66%), tick infestation (1.78%), coughing (16.39%), conjunctivitis (12.5%), non-specific fever (10.41%), rabies infection (1.48%), and peste des petits ruminants (1.19%), diarrhea (30.35%), anorexia (14.28%), and bloat (4.16%) were in sheep registered at upazila veterinary hospitals of Shahjadpur, Shirajganj. These findings will be crucial for the veterinary service provider and researcher to work together for the control and management of infectious and non-infectious diseases of livestock reared in rural areas of Bangladesh.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 315-325
Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases of Farm Animals in Natore District of Bangladesh
Authors: Afroja Yasmin  , Fahima Khatun  , Sheikh Arafatur Rahman  , Zahid Hasan Anik  , Mahmudul Hasan
Published: January 2025

Farm animals in Bangladesh play a crucial role in providing nutrition and are a vital component of the rural economy. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of prevalent infectious and non-infectious diseases among farm animals in the Natore district of Bangladesh. Six Upazila Veterinary Hospitals in the Natore district of Bangladesh participated in the research from January 2023 to December 2023. We identified 76,040 clinical cases by considering the owner's statement, conducting a general examination, observing clinical indicators, and performing laboratory diagnostics. The incidence of endoparasitic infection was the highest (47.73%), while bacterial disease infection was less frequent (1.94%). Among farm animals (cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep, and pigs) goats had the highest prevalence (54.55%) while buffaloes (3.592%) and pigs (0.068%) had the lowest prevalence. The prevalence of both infectious and non-infectious diseases was highest during the rainy season (44.37%), followed by the winter (30.48%) and summer season (25.14%). Although pig farming is uncommon in Bangladesh, we have observed the raising of pigs in the Natore district. Regrettably, parasitic infestation, specifically lice and roundworms, affects a significant number of these piglets. The frequency of lice and roundworm infestation in pigs is 0.02%. These findings suggest a significant prevalence of both infectious and non-infectious disorders. Our research reveals significant insights for prioritizing research on specific diseases and implementing efficient control strategies against them. Therefore, it is imperative for veterinarians and development partners to act to prevent and mitigate the impact of both infectious and non-infectious diseases in farm animals in Bangladesh.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 327-341
Effect of Genotype × Environment on Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Advanced Mutant Lines Using AMMI Analysis
Authors: Md Shamiul Haque  , Sakina Khanam  , Abu Sayeed Md Hasibuzzaman  , Mohammad Ali  , S M Abdul Alim  , Md Mahamudul Hasan  , A B M Shafiul Alam  , Masud Perves
Published: January 2025

Increasing yield is one of the key focuses of the groundnut breeding program, but so is ensuring they are stable in diverse climatic conditions. Finding out the genotype (G) × environment (E) effect on the yield of groundnut through additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis. Five groundnut mutants underwent a multilocational study for two consecutive seasons at seven distinct locales. AMMI analysis was performed to determine the adaptation capabilities and the interaction between genotypes (G) and environment (E) of the genotypes. ANOVA revealed that the environment explained the greatest variation, 54.69%, while GEI explained 25.5% and genotype explained 19.81%. AMMI analysis revealed that GEN1 is the most adaptive genotype that can be grown throughout the environment, whereas GEN2 and GEN3 are unstable. The first two main interaction components explained 84.82% of the total GEI. The biplot of IPC1 and IPC2 revealed that GEN1 had a positive interaction with E1, E4, and E5. GEN4 and GEN5 revealed positive associations with E9. However, GEN2 and GEN3 contributed the major components of the GEI.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 389-400
PENILAIAN PEGAWAI TELADAN PADA KANTOR DESA AIR TELUK HESSA MENGGUNAKAN SAW
Authors: Sinaga Bella Cantika , Lubis Adi Prijuna , Dewi Muthia
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This study aims to develop a performance evaluation method for exemplary employees at the Village Office of Air Teluk Hessa using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The SAW method was chosen for its ability to simplify decision-making through the summation of weights from evaluation criteria, namely discipline, ethics, public service, teamwork, and attendance. The analysis results show that employee A05 is the top performer with a score of 0.92, followed by A06 (0.9125), A04 (0.8825), A03 (0.8575), A01 (0.8325), and A02 (0.8075). The main exemplary employee is A05, represented by Irmaya Sari. The use of SAW provides objective and transparent evaluations, enhancing employee motivation and performance through fair recognition. This method also supports the establishment of consistent evaluation standards, contributing to the overall effectiveness of the organization.     Keywords: assessment; employee performance; decision support system; simple additive weighting (saw)Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan metode penilaian pegawai teladan di Kantor Desa Air Teluk Hessa dengan menggunakan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Metode SAW dipilih karena dapat menyederhanakan pengambilan keputusan melalui penjumlahan bobot dari kriteria penilaian, yaitu kedisiplinan, etika, pelayanan masyarakat, kerjasama tim, dan kehadiran. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pegawai A05 sebagai yang terbaik dengan nilai 0,92, diikuti A06 (0,9125), A04 (0,8825), A03 (0,8575), A01 (0,8325), dan A02 (0,8075). Pegawai teladan utama adalah A05, diwakili oleh Irmaya Sari. Penggunaan SAW memberikan penilaian yang objektif dan transparan, meningkatkan motivasi dan kinerja pegawai melalui penghargaan yang adil. Metode ini juga mendukung penetapan standar penilaian yang konsisten, berkontribusi pada efektivitas organisasi.Kata kunci: penilaian; kinerja pegawai; sistem pendukung keputusan; simple additive weighting (saw)
A Methodological Framework for Tailoring National Indicators to Regional Contexts
Authors: Samara Elpida , Kilintzis Pavlos , Komninos Nicos , Kosti Paraskevi , Vardaka Anastasia
Published: January 2025

Innovation systems are made up of multiple entities within the quadruple helix model, including their interactions and connections. The role of smart technologies and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is critical for the operational effectiveness of such systems. Additionally, the regional context is considered essential for the evaluation of the level of innovation within these systems. A significant barrier to this approach, is the absence of adequate data at a regional level. To address this gap, this paper presents a new methodology to adapt national level numerical indicators to regional contents. This methodological model-fit approach employs regression analysis to tailor national indicators to the regional level using comparable available data. The method is evaluated using data from Greek NUTS 2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions, yielding regional-level estimates for four innovation indicators based on four existing indicators that are found to be significantly correlated to them. However, the same technique may be used to any EU (European Union) member country or the entire EU The findings, their implications for future research, and prospective applications are discussed. Overall, the provision of regional-level indicators is seen as critical for formulating effective development strategies.
Critical Work and Organizational Psychology: An Emerging Paradigm of Research in Psychology
Authors: Hornung Severin
Published: January 2025

The objective of this brief meta-theoretical contribution is to outline recent developments associated with the emergence of an epistemologically critical paradigm in the academic field of psychology applied to work and organizations. First, the background of these developments and the shortcoming of conventional or mainstream work and organizational psychology are sketched out. Subsequently, attention is called to recent scientific debates involving calls for a critical paradigm in work and organizational psychology. Preliminarily and pragmatically, three waves of publications are distinguished. Building on early pioneering works and representing important geographical crystallization points, these debates were published in key journals of the field in Europe, the United States, and Germany. Further, extant contributions positioning and promoting the emerging paradigm of critical work and organizational psychology are reviewed. This includes journal articles, special issues, designated conferences, and academic organizing attempts aimed at institutionalizing the new paradigm. Integrating these contributions within the framework of meta-theory on social science paradigms in organizational research, a preliminary ontological, epistemological, and axiological definition of critical work and organizational psychology is attempted. Drawing on parallels with the adjacent field of critical management studies, alternative future trajectories for the emerging paradigm are developed, including promises, pitfalls, and opportunities for researchers striving for social transformation.
Serial Extraction is it worth to do? A Review of Literature and Case Report
Authors: Hashim Hayder Abdalla , AL-Asiry Moshabab , AL-Sayed Najat , Hashim Mohamed Hayder A , AL-Obaidli Noof
Published: January 2025

Background: Serial extraction, a technique introduced by Kjellgren in 1948, emerged during a period of limited availability of orthodontists. It aimed to empower general dentists to manage orthodontic cases effectively, alleviating the strain on orthodontic resources.

Aim: The objective of this article is to demonstrate the efficacy of serial extractions in addressing significant crowding issues in a young patient as well as presenting the past and the most updated recent literature.

Case Summary: Ten-year-old Philipino girl presented with dissatisfaction regarding the appearance of her front teeth. Examination revealed severe crowding in both the upper and lower arches, with minimal overjet and overbite, alongside a Class I molar relationship.

Treatment Outcomes: Treatment comprised serial extractions, resulting in enhanced aesthetics, favorable arch alignment, and occlusion maintenance, all while preserving the Class I molar, canine relationship, overjet, and overbite.

Conclusion: Despite potential criticisms of this interceptive approach, this case underscores the possibility of achieving positive clinical outcomes in carefully chosen cases. This case emphasizes the potential benefits of considering serial extractions in treatment planning for specific clinical cases in young patients.
Effect of Articaine on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Implant Surgery
Authors: Romero Beatriz Cepeda de , Javier A Moreno Gómez , Diana Rodríguez L , Andrés Romero Fabián
Published: January 2025

Local anesthesia is a safe and effective way to control pain during surgical procedures by inhibiting the spread of nerve impulses to the cerebral cortex.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 on blood pressure and heart rate: pre anesthesia, post-anesthesia and post-surgery of dental implants.

Method: Clinical research with minimal risk, observational, cohort analysis. The sample was 31 patients over 18 years of age, with an informed consent sign, mean age 57.3 ± 12.22 years, 20 women (64.5%) and 11 men (35.5%), healthy (ASA I) or with medically controlled diseases (ASA II), selected for any dental implantology surgical procedure. In a semi-supine position in the dental unit, systolic, diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) and heart rate (c/sec) at the level of the radial artery of the left forearm using a digital blood pressure monitor (SCANMED),® pre surgery, 10 minutes after administration of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, dose of 3.6 milliliters (2 carbines) and post¬ surgery. Statistical analysis using Shapiro Wilk tests, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation.

Results: Systolic blood pressure showed a slight increase 10 minutes after local anesthetic and a slight decrease after surgery (122.6 ± 10.4, 126.5 ± 14.1 and 124.5 ± 9.8). Diastolic blood pressure increased gradually and progressively after administration of the local anesthetic and at the end finalize the procedure (75.5 ± 8.3, 77.5 ± 9.4 and 79.6 ± 9.3). The heart rate remained 10 minutes after the application of the anesthetic and decreased slightly at the end of surgery (83.5 ± 9.5, 83.6 ± 8.7 and 81 ± 8.3 c/second), with no statistically significant variations (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The use of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine does not significantly affect (p>0,05) Heart rat, blood pressure and heart rate values before and after dental implant surgery.
Associations between Species Mutans Streptococci and Candida Albicans in Oral Cavity of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: C Alfredo Linossier , Y Carlos Valenzuela , R Benjamín Martínez , A Robinson Rojas
Published: January 2025

Background: Oral microorganisms produce damage through the transfer to blood stream, colonising other tissues or direct damage in the oral cavity. Aim is to compare the association between mutans streptococci and the C. albicans in the saliva of the oral cavity of patients with Intellectual disabilities (ID). This study determined the quantitative interaction between mutans streptococci (MS) and the C.albicans (CA) and mutans streptococci species in saliva especially. Scanning electron microscopy identified morphological types of microorganisms in saliva and dental calculus of Chonoan (Chonos) ancestral human remains.

Patient and Methods: Our study included 120 patients of both genders: 60 patients with Intellectual disabilities (ID) and 60 patients as a control group (CG). Samples of saliva were taken and bacteria and fungi were grown on TYCSB and Sabouraud agar. Microbiological, serological and quantitative analyses were performed to determine the type of isolation of microorganisms corresponding to the streptococci mutans(SM) c, e, f and k for species S. mutans and d, g for S. sobrinus (SS) and C. albicans (CA). Scanning microscopy was employed to visualize and confirm the morphotype under study. Statistical analysis included t-test proofs for matched data test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis.

Results: Forming units CFU per-ml of saliva of C. albicans presented a significant difference observed among ID>CG groups. A correlation of the MS quantity and the C. albicans count was found by age intervals. However, tendencies were different in ID and CG. Also, the CFU of C. albicans was independent from the serotypes of MS (c, e, f, k, d, g and no type), and morphotype of microorganisms present in calculus dental human remains of human Chonoan.

Conclusion: These results show a significant non-random association between these two commensal microorganisms in different patient groups, morphotypes of microorganisms present in saliva and dental calculus of de Chonoan ancestral human remains.
Surgically Facilitated Orthodontics in an Adult Orthodontic Patient- A Case Report
Authors: Abhyankar Vrushali , Dayeh Ayman Al , Richmond Trevor , Vogler Jonathan , Schuetz John J
Published: January 2025

An increased number of adult individuals are seeking orthodontic treatment due to improved awareness of dental esthetics and function. Adult patients present with unique challenges for the orthodontist such as extensive restorative work, missing teeth, thin alveolar bone, and bone loss. Additionally, they demand efficiency in scheduling and speedy treatment. Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) or surgically facilitated orthodontics (SFO) is a surgical procedure to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and minimize the resultant periodontal complications. It works by applying a series of vertical cuts in the cortical part of the alveolar bone and applying bone graft to the area. The resultant inflammation accelerates bone turnover and the resultant orthodontic tooth movement. The corticotomy along with bone graft is believed to improve alveolar bone thickness, expanding the range of orthodontic tooth movements. Though the effects of SFO are documented in terms of tooth movement, in this case report we present the benefits of SFO on alveolar bone height and width with the use of CBCT, along with timing of orthodontic treatment and tooth movement.
Ethnic Differences in Tweed’s Facial Triangle: A Comparative Study between Sudanese and the Major Racial Classes
Authors: Hashim Hayder Abdalla
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study evaluated Tweed’s facial triangle in various racial groups, including Sudanese, Black African, Black American, East Asian, and Caucasian populations with normal occlusion.

Material and Method: Using 29 cephalometric radiographs from Sudanese patients aged 18-25 with class I malocclusion.

Result: The analysis revealed significant differences in facial angles among these groups. Notably, increased proclination of lower incisors was observed in Sudanese, Arabs, East Asians, and African-descended populations.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of incorporating ethnic-specific cephalometric norms into orthodontic practice for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.
Evaluation of Antibodies for Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Characterization
Authors: Shen Edwin M , Salmeron Lisa V , Sanchez Gabriela , McCloskey Kara E
Published: January 2025

Flow cytometry, paired with fluorescent antibodies, is a popular method for characterizing cell phenotypes. Our laboratory is interested in deriving and characterizing vascular smooth muscle cells from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, one of the few stem cell differentiation methods that remain underdeveloped. In our studies, we found that most commercially available antibodies advertised for smooth muscle cell identification using flow-activated cell scanning (FACS) were, in fact, not able to distinguish between positive and negative controls. Attempts to resolve the issues included exploring a range of incubation times, blocking reagents, staining kits, and titrating dilutions against both positive and negative control cells. In the end, we found that only the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) antibody at a narrow titrating dilution range could distinctly bind to its intended epitope. Moreover, without more adequate and specific antibodies for labelling smooth muscle cells, we were not able to continue with our studies on smooth muscle cell fate.
High-Efficacy Treatment Protocols for Autism Spectrum Disorders with Novel Targeted Therapeutic Modalities of Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Klokol Dmytro , Chan Mike KS , Wong Michelle BF
Published: January 2025

The article examines high-efficacy treatment protocols for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), focusing on novel targeted therapeutic modalities within the realm of regenerative medicine. We reviewed and analyzed the implementation of advanced regenerative medicine techniques in treating ASD, emphasizing the integration of novel therapeutic modalities with biologicals targeting main pathological pathwaysof the autism. Authors discuss cellular therapies, neuropeptide interventions, therapy with precursors of neuromediators et cetera. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on improvements in behavioral, cognitive, and social functions. Patients on autism spectrum that receivedholistic biological therapy demonstrated rapid gains in self-regulation and appropriate behavior across various settings within the first weeks of the treatment. After 2-3 months, notable advancements were observed in eye contact, attention span, verbal responsiveness, and speech development. Six-month follow-ups revealed enhanced communication fluency and greater self-management. The subsequent addition of neuropeptides during the maintenance phase led to significant reductions in anxiety, aggression, and improved social skills and communication abilities. Long-term therapy showed sustained improvements in conversational ability, reduced repetitive behaviors, and enhanced social and emotional reciprocity. The integration of novel therapies with biological and neutraceuticals offers a promising approach to managing ASD, showing significant improvements in behavioral and cognitive outcomes. These findings support the potential of regenerative medicine modalities in enhancing therapeutic efficacy for ASD and warrant further investigation to optimize treatment protocols and validate long-term benefits.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Book Creator Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Interaktif di SDN 04 Kota Sorong
Authors: Andi Maryam  , Rizky Ekawaty Ahmad  , Irfandi Idris  , Nurhikma  , Ainun Mardiah  , Supriadi  , Sulkipli M  , Jenro P. Sijabat  , Faisal Eka Mahendra  , Al Mar Atu Soleha
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan "Sosialisasi Penggunaan Book Creator Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Interaktif di SDN 04 Kota Sorong" bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan guru dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran digital berbasis teknologi yang inovatif serta memberikan wawasan tentang pemanfaatannya sebagai alat promosi sekolah. Book Creator, sebagai aplikasi yang memungkinkan pembuatan buku digital interaktif, menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi keterbatasan metode pembelajaran konvensional dan mendukung pengembangan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi di sekolah dasar. Metode kegiatan ini melibatkan tahapan-tahapan sistematis, meliputi pengenalan konsep, demonstrasi, praktik langsung, kolaborasi kelompok, serta sesi presentasi dan refleksi. Pada tahap pengenalan, peserta mendapatkan pemahaman teoritis tentang fitur-fitur Book Creator dan manfaatnya dalam menciptakan media pembelajaran yang lebih menarik. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru SDN 04 Kota Sorong mengalami peningkatan kemampuan dalam memanfaatkan teknologi digital untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran. Media yang dihasilkan mampu menghadirkan pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif, kontekstual, dan menyenangkan, sehingga berdampak positif terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Selain itu, guru menyadari bahwa Book Creator dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alat promosi sekolah melalui pembuatan buku digital yang berisi profil sekolah, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, prestasi siswa, serta inovasi pembelajaran yang diterapkan. Kegiatan ini berhasil membuka wawasan guru akan pentingnya integrasi teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan serta potensi besar media digital dalam mendukung citra positif sekolah. Dengan adanya sosialisasi ini, guru-guru di SDN 04 Kota Sorong berkomitmen untuk mengimplementasikan penggunaan Book Creator secara berkelanjutan dalam proses belajar mengajar dan pengembangan konten promosi sekolah. Keberhasilan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi langkah awal dalam mendorong transformasi pendidikan menuju era digital yang lebih kreatif, inovatif, dan berdaya saing tinggi.
Sex hormones and allergies: exploring the gender differences in immune responses
Authors: Gutiérrez-Brito Jesús Alberto , Lomelí-Nieto José Álvaro , Muñoz-Valle José Francisco , Oregon-Romero Edith , Corona-Angeles Jazz Alan , Hernández-Bello Jorge
Published: January 2025

Allergies are closely associated with sex-related hormonal variations that influence immune function, leading to distinct symptom profiles. Similar sex-based differences are observed in other immune disorders, such as autoimmune diseases. In allergies, women exhibit a higher prevalence of atopic conditions, such as allergic asthma and eczema, in comparison to men. However, age-related changes play a significant role because men have a higher incidence of allergies until puberty, and then comes a switch ratio of prevalence and severity in women. Investigations into the mechanisms of how the hormones influence the development of these diseases are crucial to understanding the molecular, cellular, and pathological aspects. Sex hormones control the reproductive system and have several immuno-modulatory effects affecting immune cells, including T and B cell development, antibody production, lymphoid organ size, and lymphocyte death. Moreover, studies have suggested that female sex hormones amplify memory immune responses, which may lead to an excessive immune response impacting the pathogenesis, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation of airways, and mucus production of allergic diseases. The evidence suggests that estrogens enhance immune humoral responses, autoimmunity, mast cell reactivity, and delayed IV allergic reactions, while androgens, progesterone, and glucocorticoids suppress them. This review explores the relationship between sex hormones and allergies, including epidemiological data, experimental findings, and insights from animal models. We discuss the general properties of these hormones, their effects on allergic processes, and clinical observations and therapeutic results. Finally, we describe hypersensitivity reactions to these hormones.
Challenges in diagnosing polyethylene glycol and polysorbate 80 allergies: implications for allergic reactions in COVID-19 mRNA vaccination program: experience from Qatar
Authors: Aqel Sami , Thalappil Sherin , Imameldin Asaad , Mudawi Dalal , Al Maslamani Muna , Al-Khal Abdullatif , Mobayed Hassan , Al-Nesf Maryam Ali , Ibrahim Tayseer
Published: January 2025

Introduction

COVID-19 vaccination has been a key intervention in reducing the severity of symptoms; however, concerns about vaccine safety, particularly regarding allergic reactions, arose early on. Healthcare workers faced the challenge of addressing these concerns to ensure safe vaccine administration. This study aimed to review the practical aspects of using allergy skin testing for COVID-19 vaccine excipients in patients with a history of allergic reactions developed following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who reported allergic reactions after the COVID-19 vaccine and underwent allergy skin testing for COVID-19 vaccine excipients in the Adult Allergy and Immunology Service at Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. The testing protocol, developed based on published data during the pandemic, included skin prick (SPT) and intradermal (ID) testing using medications containing polysorbate 80 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), the primary excipients in the COVID-19 vaccines suspected of triggering allergic responses.

Results

Of the 88 patients reviewed, 38 reported different types of allergic reactions following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, with the majority being female. Anaphylaxis was reported in 21.1% of the patients, while the remaining experienced less severe allergic reactions. All patients underwent SPT and ID testing with PEG and polysorbate 80. By SPT, two patients tested positive for PEG and none for polysorbate 80. By ID, seven tested positive for polysorbate 80 and one for PEG. Among patients who experienced anaphylaxis, 50% had positive allergy test results. Twenty-three percent of patients with negative test results could receive additional vaccine doses without adverse reactions.

Conclusion

Managing patients with a history of allergic reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine is challenging, as the exact mechanisms and accurate and valid allergy testing are yet to be determined. In our cohort, most patients had mild allergic reactions following vaccination. Excipients' allergy skin testing has helped to reduce vaccine hesitancy despite its questionable utility in clinical practice.
Whip use in trotting racing–effects on speed change and finishing position
Authors: Sandberg Agneta , Melani Mirielle , Flöhr Adam , Yngvesson Jenny
Published: January 2025

The whip is used in several equine sports. This is intensely debated from a horse welfare perspective and putting the equine sports’ social license to operate at risk. Trotting racing is one of the sports where whip use is allowed. The whip is used for making the horse accelerate (encouragement) and correction. The aims of the study were to investigate if finishing position among top three horses is affected by whip use, the effect of whip strikes on changes in speed at the end of trotting races and if whip strikes potentially comply with the training principle of negative reinforcement. Race videos were analyzed retrospectively, whip strikes were registered and compared with changes in speed, which could be read out of position data from the same races. The top three horses (n=48) in 16 races were studied. The number of strikes per horse ranged from 0 to 16, with a mean of 5.6. There was no difference in number of strikes received between horses in finishing positions 1-3, and whip strikes were most often followed by deceleration. Whip strikes followed by deceleration may be an example of negative reinforcement. Whip strikes to encourage trotting horses to run faster at the end of a race should be avoided from a horse welfare perspective. The safety aspects of whip use in trotting racing need to be investigated further.