bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Susceptibilidad del Olmo (Ulmus pumila), y de cinco especies arbóreas nativas del centro-sur de la Provincia de Córdoba (Argentina), a la infección por Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricales: Pleurotaceae).
Authors: Oggero Antonia , Bustos Anali , Reinoso Herminda , Arana Marcelo , Natale Evangelina
Published: July 2018

Las invasiones biológicas avanzan sobre los ecosistemas provocando grandes modificaciones sobre su estructura y procesos ecológicos. Ulmus pumila L., es una especie exótica que se encuentra desarrollando procesos de invasión en Argentina y hasta el momento se han utilizado técnicas mecánicas y químicas para su control en los sitios afectados. Actualmente el control biológico se constituye como una nueva alternativa. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la capacidad de infección de Pleurotus ostreatus,sobre plantas de U. pumila con la finalidad de recabar y aportar información de base para generar nuevas opciones para su control. Se realizaron ensayos de laboratorio para determinar el éxito de establecimiento de Pleurotus sobre estacas de especies arbóreas nativas del distrito  biogeográfico del Espinal y sobre U. pumila. Se encontró que P. ostreatus tuvo la capacidad para colonizar externamente todas las especies evaluadas, aunque solo en estacas de U. pumila pudo completar el ciclo de vida. Finalmente, el estudio anatómico de su leño indicó que U. pumila es la especie con mayor proliferación de micelio e incluso con formación de clamidosporas. De esta manera se puede afirmar que ésta especieexótica es más susceptible a la infección fúngica que las especies nativas utilizadas.
Xylariales): Physiological characterization and structural features of its association with wheat.
Authors: Rothen Carolina , Miranda Victoria , Fracchia Sebastián , Godeas Alicia , Rodríguez Alejandra
Published: July 2018

: Plant roots can be colonized by asymptomatic fungal strains belonging to several taxa, among them, the group defined as Dark Septate Endophytes (DSE). Microdochium bolleyi commonly colonizes wheat roots and other crops. It is considered a weak pathogen or even a non-pathogenic fungal species, which has also been considered as a potential biocontrol agent against aggressive soil-borne pathogens in cereal crops. We isolated a strain of M. bolleyi from wheat roots sampled in a crop field in Argentina, and characterized its abilities to grow in different carbon and nitrogen sources, to produce indole and to solubilize phosphorus; also several enzymatic activities were evaluated. In addition, resynthesis was performed under controlled conditions in order to characterize root fungal colonization under both, optical and transmission microscopy. The strain 22-1 colonized wheat root parenchymal tissue, forming chlamysdospores inside parenchymal cells and root hairs, and poorly grew in carbon and nitrogen sources. This fungus also synthesized indoles in in vitro culture, but it cannot solubilize phosphorus. Only amylase activity was detected out of seven enzymatic activity measured. Microdochium bolleyi (strain 22-1) colonized the roots, it formed typical DSE fungal structures and behaved like a “true endophyte”; however further studies are necessary to elucidate its role in the association with wheat.
General characteristics of airborne pollen in Montevideo city, Uruguay.
Authors: Tejera Leticia , Beri Ángeles , Martínez Blanco Ximena
Published: July 2018

: This paper analyses daily and seasonal variations on pollen concentrations and the influence of meteorological conditions on the airborne pollen from June 2011 to May 2014. Data is also compared with results from a previous pollen survey from 2000-2001. Ninety-three taxa were identified, belonging to 49 trees and shrub taxa and 44 herbaceous taxa. The most important pollen sources were Poaceae, Platanus, Cupressaceae/Taxaceae, Eupatorieae type, Celtis, Urticaceae, Myrtaceae, Casuarina, Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae, Fraxinus, Arecaceae, Ricinus communis, Moraceae, Myrsine, Ambrosia, Quercus, and Pinaceae. Pollen was recorded all year round but the main pollen season was from August to April. Inter-annual differences were observed on pollen indexes, dates and values of daily peak concentrations and monthly accumulated concentrations. Temperature, relative air humidity and wind speed and direction seem to be the most influential meteorological variables on pollen concentrations. The number of days that pollen concentrations are above moderate and high thresholds levels is estimated and woody and non-woody pollen concentrations would be above moderate levels on average 182 days per year.
Variabilidad genética en poblaciones de Elionurus muticus (Poaceae) de Corrientes, Argentina, a partir de marcadores moleculares de ADN nuclear y cloroplástico.
Authors: Moreno Ercilia M. Sara , Almirón Noelia E. A. , Peichoto M. Carolina , Solís Neffa Viviana G.
Published: July 2018

Elionurus muticus constituye un valioso recurso renovable; utilizado como forraje, fijador del suelo, aromatizante de ropa, para ahuyentar polillas, como antiséptica, contra la gonorrea y problemas urinarios, para la bronquitis, para curar la lepra, entre otros usos. Además, por su contenido en citral, se lo ha propuesto como sucedáneo de aceites esenciales, como la citronela. No obstante su potencial, se cuenta con escasos trabajos de caracterización genética de la especie. En este trabajo caracterizamos genéticamente poblaciones de E. muticus de Corrientes (Argentina), empleando marcadores moleculares RAPD y de ADNcp. Los resultados evidencian variabilidad genética en las poblaciones, y serían el resultado de la deriva genética, la historia de reducción poblacional de la especie y los modos de reproducción de la especie. Dado que en trabajos previos en poblaciones de Argentina, se observó variabilidad morfológica y en la capacidad de producir aceites, un análisis conjunto de variabilidad morfológica, genética y química en un mayor número de poblaciones, representativo de toda el área de distribución de la especie, enriquecerá el conocimiento sobre el estado de los recursos genéticos actuales de E. muticus, y contribuirá a la puesta en valor de la especie como recurso natural y como potencial cultivo de uso comercial sostenible.
Árboles singulares de Galicia
Authors: Rigueiro Rodríguez A. , Bernárdez Villegas J.C.
Published: July 2018

En el presente trabajo se hace referencia a los parámetros que  normalmente se toman en consideración para la inclusión de un árbol como monumento vegetal y se comenta la evolución de la normativa gallega relacionada con la catalogación de árboles y formaciones singulares.
Estado actual en la legislación autonómica de los árboles singulares: del concepto a la protección
Authors: Villota Gálvez M.
Published: July 2018

Entender el árbol como elemento natural y cultural en sus múltiples realidades viene siendo un objeto de investigación cuyo alcance se complica desde el intento de establecer su definición. La figura jurídica “árbol singular” sirve para reconocer la importancia del arbolado de interés y constituye el instrumento para legitimarlo como patrimonio de la sociedad. Sin embargo, la heterogeneidad de criterios y tipologías que caracteriza la legislación de las diferentes Comunidades Autónomas dificulta su aplicación. El artículo se presenta como una discusión que indaga en el marco jurídico del patrimonio arbóreo a nivel autonómico y estatal, expone una revisión a partir de previas investigaciones con el fin de contrastar la normativa y conocer su estado actual.
A Tool for Academic Libraries to Prioritize Leadership Competencies
Authors: Wong Gabi Ka Wai
Published: July 2018

As part of a qualitative research project, the author conducted a survey about Hong Kong academic librarians’ perception on leadership capabilities. The survey made use of the Leadership Competencies Model developed for LLAMA. The results draws attention to a subset of competencies, and exposes perceptual differences between librarians at different leadership levels. Apart from the implications to Hong Kong libraries, the survey demonstrated a method that can be experimented by other libraries and consortia. It can shed lights on significant areas in leadership capabilities, and trigger discussion among librarians on their understanding and assumptions about these attributes. Such effort should eventually lead to constructive development strategies.
The reliability and temporal stability of self-reported media exposure - a meta-analysis
Authors: Scharkow Michael
Published: July 2018

The measurement of media exposure is essential to not only traditional audience research, but also media effects research which relies on accurate estimates of media exposure. Even in the age of digital trace data and passive audience measurement, the workhorse of basically all communication research is self-report data. In this paper, I present a meta-analysis of the reliability and temporal stability of media exposure self-reports. Results show that media self-reported exposure was moderately reliable and highly stable. The estimated reliability was lower in youth samples, while rank-order stability was very similar for a adults and adolescents. Moderation analyses showed that exposure to specific outlets yielded more reliable information in adult samples, while media-specific differences in reliability were only found in youth samples.
ANALISA KURVA HAZARD PADA PULAU BALI KABUPATEN BELERANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA FUNGSI ATENUASI
Authors: fadillah Risky , melki melki atta
Published: July 2018

Pulau Bali sebagai tujuan pariwisata internasional telah menjadi sumber pendapatan besar bagi negara dan daerah.Namun sejalan dengan itu, Bali juga memiliki tingkat kerawanan gempa bumi yang cukup besar dikarenakan laju pergerakan lempeng tektonik Indo-Australia yang menyusup kebawah lempeng tektonik eurasia dengan kecepatan rata-rata 9cm pertahun dan adanya 'penyusupan ke arah selatan di perairan utara Bali, yang merupakan aktivitas Bali.oleh karena itu Bali dapat disebut daerah yang aktif mengalami fenomena gempa bumi, terbukti dari adanya gempa bumi Buleleng 29 Maret 1862 dan gempa bumi Seririt 14 Juli 1976 yang telah melahirkan 660 korban luka serius dan3277 orang luka ringan, diikuti oleh gemp=gempa merusak lainnya.Atas dasar tersebut maka analisis risiko gempa bumi berdasarkan distribusi percepatan tanah diPulau Bali perlu dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui resiko kegempaan pulau Bali melalui pembuatan persamaan prcepatan tanah maksimum dan membandingkan fungsi atenuasi faccioli (1978), ambraseys (1990), Campbell(1993), donovan (1973).
"Menganalisis Perbandingan Kurva Hazard Menggunakan Fungsi Atenuasi"
Authors: Pangarso Arvian A.F.P , parman adi puja , kole Micha leza
Published: July 2018

Papua merupakan daerah rawan gempa di Indonesia karena letaknya berada di jalur tektonik aktif sehingga menyebabkan daerah papua rawan terjadinya gempa. Upaya peningkatan mitigasi di wilayah Papua menjadi bagian penting akibat gempa, untuk itu diperlukan studi seismic hazard dengan menggunakan metode Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). Metode PSHA adalah suatu metode pendekatan dalam memprediksi kemungkinan bahaya suatu gempa yang dihasilkan berupa Peta Seismic Hazard dan Kurva Hazard. Peta Seismic Hazard merupakan peta kontur percepatan tanah akibat gempa. Tahapan penelitian meliputi studi literatur, pengumpulan dan pengolahan data gempa, pemodelan dan karakterisasi sumber gempa serta analisis hazard gempa dengan menggunakan data katalog gempa dari tahun 1900 sampai dengan 2015.Kurva hazard dianalisis menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Esteva (1970), Campbell (1981), (Amb & Boomer 1990), Ambraseys (1990). Hazard gempa direpresentasikan dengan nilai percepatan getaran puncak (PGA) dan percepatan spektra (SA) di lapisan SB yang disajikan dalam bentuk peta dan kurva hazard. Dari hasil penelitian berupa peta PGA pada wilayah pulau papua dengan nilai antara 0.07g sampai 1.24g, peta SA periode 0.2 detik dengan nilai antara 0.19g sampai 3.38g, peta SA periode 1 detik dengan nilai antara 0.05g sampai 1.03g dengan kemungkinan terlampaui 10% dalam 50 tahun (gempa 475 tahun). Sedangkan hasil PGA untuk kemungkinan terlampaui 2% dalam 50 tahun (gempa 2475 tahun) dihasilkan peta PGA dengan nilai antara 0.12g sampai 1.93g, peta SA periode 0.2 detik dengan nilai antara 0.31g sampai dengan 6.51g, dan peta SA periode 1 detik dengan nilai antara 0.09g sampai 1.63g. Sedangkan pada Kurva Hazard untuk di Kota Timika pada PE 10% sumber gempa yang dominan adalah north papua thrust fault dan pada PE 2% sumber gempa yang dominan adalah manokwari trench fault. Sedangkan pada Kurva Hazard untuk di Kota Jayapura sumber gempa yang paling berpengaruh adalah north papua thrust fault untuk PE 10% dan 2%, dan pada Kurva Hazard untuk di Kota Sorong sumber gempa yang paling berpengaruh adalah deep background 100-150 untuk PE 10% dan 2%.
Various variants of Hamiltonian problems
Authors: Nguyen Thinh D.
Published: July 2018

Hamiltonian cycle and Hamiltonian path problems are famous hard problems. The Hamiltonian cycle seems to have received more attention from the mathematics community. In this short note, we want to mitigate this bias a little bit. Keeping on track with the Prasolov and Sharygin kinds of doing mathematics, we give several simple constructions to show the hardness of some variants of Hamiltonian path problems.
ANALISA KURVA HAZARD PADA KOTA YOGYAKARTA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA ATENUASI
Authors: Ramadhan Cholid
Published: July 2018

Yogyakarta merupakan kota dengan tingkat kerawanan gempa yang tinggi. Tingkat kerawanan gempa serta populasi penduduk yang tinggi menjadikan Yogyakarta sebagai kota dengan tingkat risiko yang tinggi terhadap gempa. Salah satu usaha untuk mengurangi risiko gempa adalah membuat peraturan tentang perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa. Salah satu komponen dalam peraturan kegempaan tersebut adalah tersedianya data percepatan tanah serta respons spektra. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang percepatan tanah yang sesuai untuk Kota Yogyakarta sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan percepatan tanah sintetis dan respons spektra dipermukaan yang sesuai untuk KotaYogyakarta. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengumpulan dan pengolahan data gempa, identifikasi,pemodelan dan karakterisasi sumber gempa, pengelolaan unsur ketidakpastian, analisis bahaya gempa probabilistic dan deagregasi, proses spectral matching, penentuan percepatan tanah sintetis dan respons spectra di permukaanuntukKotaYogyakarta. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan percepatan tanah sintetis dan respons spektra di permukaan KotaYogyakarta mengacu pada data gempa. Kern County, 1952 dan Imperial Valley, 1979 setelah di skalakan dan dilakukan prosesspectral matching dipakai sebagai dasar desain percepatan tanah dan respons spectra akibat sumber gempa subduksi dan shallow crustaldi kota ini.
GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KINERJA GURU DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: hidayat syamsul , Rohaeni Nani , Saleh Muhammad
Published: July 2018

This study examines the analysis factors that influence teacher’s performance at pondok pesantren Al-Mubarok . Based on theory, several variables has been constructed. They are leadership style and work motivation are predictors of performance. This research was executed in pondok pesantren Al-Mubarok with 60 participants. The results supported work motivation has strong predictive to teacher’s performance, but leadership style has not influence to teachers’s performance at pondok pesantren Al-Mubarok.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KURVA HAZARD PADA KABUPATEN RAJA AMPAT (PULAU WAIGEO) DENGAN SUMBER GEMPA SESAR SEULIMEUM DAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA FUNGSI ATENUASI
Authors: mouko Wahyu adi putra
Published: July 2018

Kabupaten Raja Ampat merupakan daerah yang rawan terhadap gempa bumi karena terdapat zona subduksi dan sesar di daerah tersebut. Salah satu sesar yang melewati daerah tersebut adalah sesar Seulimeum. Sesar ini membentang sepanjang 122 km di daratan pulau Papua. Ancaman gempa bumi dari sesar ini tentunya dapat membahayakan daerah sekitar. Pada penelitian ini melakukan analisis kurva hazard untuk mengetahui berapa besar percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) yang terjadi akibat gempa bumi pada wilayah ini dengan berbagai macam kala ulang (return period). Probabilitas terlampaui yang digunakan adalah 10% dengan umur rencana 50 tahun. Kurva hazard dianalisis menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Donovan (1972), fungsi atenuasi Esteva (1972), fungsi atenuasi Cornel (1979), Campbell (1990), dan Xiang & Gao (1994). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya nilai percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) akan meningkat seiring dengan besarnya nilai kala ulang (return period) yang diperhitungkan. Kurva hazard pada daerah Waisai (Pulau Waigeo) akibat sesar Seulimeum akan menunjukkan nilai terbesar pada saat menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Donovan (1972) sedangkan yang terkecil adalah menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Esteva (1972).
KESULITAN SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA DI SMP
Authors: taufik akbar
Published: July 2018

Abstrak: Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Saintifik Ditinjau Dari Kemampuan Matematika di SMP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan pendekatan saintifik ditinjau dari kemampuan matematika di SMP Negeri 12 Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek ditentukan selam proses pengumpulan data, dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa hal seperti: siswa yang mengalami kesulitan diamati pada saat pembelajaran berlangsung yang menunjukkan prilaku tidak berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan saintifik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data kualitatif yang dilakukan secara interaktif dan berlangsung secara terus menerus sampai tuntas, sehingga membentuk data yang berpola. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perbedaan mendasar kesulitan dari siswa yang berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah dalam aspek mengamati adalah kemampuan dalam memahami simbol-simbol matematika, siswa berkemampuan sedang dan rendah cenderung tidak mengetahui dan mengenal atau bisa membaca simbol-simbol yang ada pada objek yang mereka amati (2) Perbedaan mendasar dari ketiga subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah dalam aspek menanya adalah level atau tingkatan pertanyaan yang mereka ajukan. Siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi cenderung lebih bisa mengajukan pertanyaan lebih tinggi di tingkat pengetahuan dibanding dengan siswa berkamampuan matematika sedang yang hanya bisa mengajukan pertanyan di tingkat pertanyaan pemahaman, sedangkan siswa berkemampuan matematika rendah sama sekali tidak bisa mengajukan sebuah pertanyaan.(3) Perbedaan mendasar dari ketiga subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah dalam aspek mengumpulkan informasi dan menalar adalah siswa berkemapuan matematika sedang dan rendah cenderung lebih sulit dalam mengerjakan dan menyelesaikan soal latihan dibanding dengan siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi. Siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi tidak mengalami masalah dalam mengerjakan soal latihan yang diberikan.(4) Perbedaan mendasar dari ketiga subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah dalam aspek mengkomunikasikan adalah siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi dan sedang cenderung lebih bisa dalam mengkomunikasikan hasil pekerjaannya dibanding dengan siswa berkemampuan matematika rendah yang tidak bisa sama sekali untuk menyajikan hasil pekerjaannnya baik itu berupa gambar maupun simbol-simbol.
Rancang Bangun Model Sistem Informasi Manajeman Aset Dengan Prototyping Model Pada Fakultas Teknik Universitas Lancang Kuning
Authors: Taslim
Published: July 2018

Manajemen data aset adalah salah satu mekanisme untuk pengelolaan data aset yang terdapat pada sebuah perusahaan atau sebuah instansi. Pengelolaan data aset yang dibuat dengan aplikasi pengolah kata dan dikerjakan secara terpisah antar bagian tentu akan mengakibatkan lama serta lambatnya proses pengelolaan data aset yang ada. Sistem informasi manajemen aset dimaksudkan agar pengelolaan data aset yang ada dapat dikelola secara lebih cepat, efektif dan efisien dari segi waktu dan juga dapat dikelola dan diakses secara real time karena sistem ini dibangun agar dapat berjalan secara online dan berbasis multi user. Sistem manajemen aset ini membahas mulai dari pengadaan aset, penempatan aset sampai pemusnahan aset. Metoda penelitian dengan prototyping model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini bertujuan agar system yang dibangun dapat memenuhi semua keinginan dari si pengguna system. Perancangan system menggunakan alat bantu rancangan procedural yaitu context diagram, data flow diagram dan ER Diagram.Keyword : Manajemen Data, asset, real time,multi user, online, prototyping model
DEAGREGASI BENCANA GEMPA BANJARMASIN DAN PERBANDINGAN KURVA HAZARD DENGAN SUMBER GEMPA SESAR
Authors: Matdoan Nurul Puteri H. , Saputro Imam Trianggoro , mochtar Tirsa fajrin , Putri Della Natasya
Published: July 2018

Kota Banjarmasin adalah ibu kota provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia. Banjarmasin yang dijuluki Kota Seribu Sungai ini memiliki wilayah seluas 98,46 km² yang wilayahnya merupakan delta atau kepulauan yang terdiri dari sekitar 25 buah pulau kecil (delta) yang dipisahkan oleh sungai-sungai di antaranya pulau Tatas, pulau Kelayan, pulau Rantauan Keliling, pulau Insan dan lain-lain.[4] Berdasarkan data BPS Kota Banjarmasin tahun 2016, Banjarmasin memiliki penduduk sebanyak 675.440 jiwa dengan kepadatan 9.381 jiwa per km².[5] Wilayah metropolitan Banjarmasin yaitu Banjar Bakulamemiliki penduduk sekitar 1,9 juta jiwa. Kota Banjarmasin terletak pada 3°15' sampai 3°22' Lintang Selatan dan 114°32' Bujur Timur, ketinggian tanah asli berada pada 0,16 m di bawah permukaan laut dan hampir seluruh wilayah digenangi air pada saat pasang. Kota Banjarmasin berlokasi daerah kuala sungai Martapura yang bermuara pada sisi timur Sungai Barito. Letak Kota Banjarmasin nyaris di tengah-tengah Indonesia , kota Banjarmasin Dari seluruh catatan Indeks Resiko Bencana yang disusun BNPB, Ibu Kota Provinsi Banjarmasin memiliki risiko bencana gempa bumi. Sebanyak 55,88 persen (19 kota/kab.) memiliki risiko tinggi gempa bumi, dan 44,12 persen risikonya tingkat sedang. Kota Banjarmasin beriklim sabana tropis di mana angin muson barat bertiup dari Benua Asia melewati Samudera Hindia menimbulkan musim hujan, sedangkan angin dari Benua Australia adalah angin kering yang berakibat adanya musim kemarau. Curah hujan yang turun rata-rata per tahunnya kurang lebih 2.400 mm dengan fluktuasi tahunan berkisar antara 1.600-3.500 mm, jumlah hari hujan dalam setahun kurang lebih 150 hari dengan suhu udara yang sedikit bervariasi, sekitar 26 °C. Kota Banjarmasin termasuk wilayah yang beriklim tropis. Angin Muson dari arah Barat yang bertiup akibat tekanan tinggi di daratan Benua Asia melewati Samudera Hindia menyebabkan terjadinya musim hujan.
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN KURVA AZARD PADA KOTA YOGYAKARTA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA FUNGSI ATINUASI
Authors: Nepa Andreas , Ilham Muh Nur , lahope Yoshua , Saputro Imam Trianggoro
Published: July 2018

Yogyakarta merupakan kota dengan tingkat kerawanan gempa yang tinggi. Tingkat kerawanan gempa serta populasi penduduk yang tinggi menjadikan Yogyakarta sebagai kota dengan tingkat risiko yang tinggi terhadap gempa. Salah satu usaha untuk mengurangi risiko gempa adalah membuat peraturan tentang perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa. Salah satu komponen dalam peraturan kegempaan tersebut adalah tersedianya data percepatan tanah serta respons spektra. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang percepatan tanah yang sesuai untuk Kota Yogyakarta sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan percepatan tanah sintetis dan respons spektra dipermukaan yang sesuai untuk KotaYogyakarta. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengumpulan dan pengolahan data gempa, identifikasi,pemodelan dan karakterisasi sumber gempa, pengelolaan unsur ketidakpastian, analisis bahaya gempa probabilistic dan deagregasi, proses spectral matching, penentuan percepatan tanah sintetis dan respons spectra di permukaanuntukKotaYogyakarta. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan percepatan tanah sintetis dan respons spektra di permukaan KotaYogyakarta mengacu pada data gempa. Kern County, 1952 dan Imperial Valley, 1979 setelah di skalakan dan dilakukan prosesspectral matching dipakai sebagai dasar desain percepatan tanah dan respons spectra akibat sumber gempa subduksi dan shallow crustaldi kota ini.
Experimental Study On The Durability Of Hotmix Cold Laid Asbuton As Asphalt Porous with Cantabro Test
Authors: SRIGUSTY  , tjaronge muhammad wihardi , Djamaluddin Rudy
Published: July 2018

Natural Asphalt from Buton Island can be used as a substitute material for petroleum asphalt, which is known as asbuton. Asphalt Buton (Asbuton) is natural asphalt that contained in the rock deposit located in Buton Island and surrounding areas. Natural asphalt at the Buton Island (asbuton) has a huge deposit for a binder in asphalt mixture use. Many attempts have been carried out to improve the utilization of Buton asphalt as a binder in asphalt pavement road. One of them is the technology development of Buton asphalt pre-mix by adding fluxing materials (modifiers) that serves to soften the bitumen asbuton into the appropriate characteristics as a binder in the asphalt mixture. By adding the fluxing materials, asphalt mixture can be durable even spread and compacted at the cold temperature. This mixture is very useful in areas that have limited asphalt mixture production (AMP) such as in the isolated and small islands in Indonesia. In the pre-mixed Buton asphalt, the mixing is produced on the manufacturing asphalt mixing plant (AMP). After mixing, it can be stored or packaged, while rolling and compaction procces in the field can be performed at cold temperature. The test results of cantabro with the same level of 5.5% BGA and 3.5% flux oil showed that the mixture satisfy the requirements of the asphalt porous mixture according to REAM (Road Engineering Association of Malaysia), which is maximum of 20%.
ANALISA KURVA HAZARD PADA PULAU NIAS DAN SEKITARNYA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA FUNGSI ATENUASI
Authors: Ardiansyah Gufron , Ruslan Irwansyah , Putra Kurniawan Budi Hartono
Published: July 2018

Wilayah Sumatera Barat memiliki tingkat seismisitas yang tinggi. Konvergensi oblique dari lempeng Indo-Australia terhadap Eurasia yang menunjam di bawah Sumatera menghasilkan potensi gempa dangkal dan sedang di wilayah muka busur (fore-arc) Sunda. Potensi gempa juga berada di darat sepanjang patahan Sumatera serta di laut sepanjang patahan Mentawai. Pada penelitian ini melakukan analisis kurva hazard untuk mengetahui berapa besar percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) yang terjadi akibat gempa bumi pada wilayah ini dengan berbagai macam jarak. Kurva hazard dianalisis menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Faccioli (1978), fungsi atenuasi Campbell (1981), Petrovski & Marcellini (1988), dan Ambraseys (1995). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya nilai percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) akan meningkat seiring dengan besarnya nilai jarak yang diperhitungkan. Kurva hazard pada daerah Pulau Nias akan menunjukkan nilai terbesar pada saat menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Faccioli (1978) sedangkan yang terkecil adalah menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Ambraseys (1995).
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN KURVA HAZARD PADA KOTA JAMBI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA FUNGSI ATENUASI
Authors: Ja'far Achmad , Aulia Alfin , P IG IMAS ARYO CATUR
Published: July 2018

Kota Jambi merupakan daerah yang rawan terhadap gempa bumi karena terdapat zona di daerah tersebut. Ancaman gempa bumi dari sesar ini tentunya dapat membahayakan daerah sekitar. Pada penelitian ini melakukan analisis kurva hazard untuk mengetahui berapa besar percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) yang terjadi akibat gempa bumi pada wilayah ini dengan berbagai macam jarak. Kurva hazard dianalisis menggunakan fungsi atenuasi (Patwardan dkk,1978, Crouse, 1987, Ambraseys,1990), Xiang&Gao,1994). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya nilai percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) akan meningkat seiring dengan besarnya nilai jarak yang diperhitungkan. Kurva hazard pada daerah kota Jambi akan menunjukkan nilai terbesar pada saat menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Patwardan dkk, (1978) sedangkan yang terkecil adalah menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Crouse, (1987)
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KURVA HAZARD PADA KABUPATEN MANOKWARI DENGAN SUMBER GEMPA SESAR SEULIMEUM DAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA FUNGSI ATENUASI ATENUASI
Authors: Matwear Frisca Natalia
Published: July 2018

Kabupaten Manokwari merupakan daerah yang rawan terhadap gempa bumi karena terdapat zona subduksi dan sesar di daerah tersebut. Salah satu sesar yang melewati daerah tersebut adalah sesar Seulimeum. Sesar ini membentang sepanjang 122 km di daratan pulau Papua. Ancaman gempa bumi dari sesar ini tentunya dapat membahayakan daerah sekitar. Pada penelitian ini melakukan analisis kurva hazard untuk mengetahui berapa besar percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) yang terjadi akibat gempa bumi pada wilayah ini dengan berbagai macam kala ulang (return period). Probabilitas terlampaui yang digunakan adalah 10% dengan umur rencana 50 tahun. Kurva hazard dianalisis menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Donovan (1972), fungsi atenuasi Esteva (1972), fungsi atenuasi Cornel (1979), Campbell (1990), dan Xiang & Gao (1994). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya nilai percepatan tanah (ground acceleration) akan meningkat seiring dengan besarnya nilai kala ulang (return period) yang diperhitungkan. Kurva hazard pada daerah Waisai (Pulau Waigeo) akibat sesar Seulimeum akan menunjukkan nilai terbesar pada saat menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Donovan (1972) sedangkan yang terkecil adalah menggunakan fungsi atenuasi Esteva (1972).
Is There a Bias against Science in Lay-Conceptions of Creativity? A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Authors: Hanel Paul H. P. , Maio Gregory R. , Soares Ana Karla Silva , Manstead Antony
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we investigate lay conceptions of creativity towards science as compared to art. In three studies across Brazil and the UK, we investigated whether science is less strongly associated with creativity compared to art. In Study 1, we found that art is more spontaneously associated with creativity among British but not Brazilian participants. Science and scientists were not spontaneously associated with creativity. In Study 2, art professions were perceived to be more creative compared to professions from the everyday life and science domains, and this effect was stronger in the British than Brazilian sample. However, when actual objects were displayed, this effect reversed in both countries (Study 3). Objects related to engineering – but not mathematics – were perceived as more creative compared to art related objects. Implications for the study of stereotypes about scientists and the emerging study of cross-cultural creativity are discussed.
Experimental Aggression in Adolescent Peer Networks
Authors: Burnett Heyes Stephanie
Published: July 2018

Aggressive behaviour serves many useful social functions, yet can also have damaging consequences. In line with evidence showing adolescent development in social cognitive abilities, we hypothesised that the use of aggression would become more sophisticated with age. We investigated adolescents’ intent to aggress toward peers using an experimental aggression paradigm, the Hot Sauce Paradigm, in a school-based social network setting. Participants (N=162 aged 11-17, 98 male) indicated what strength of imaginary spicy sauce they would feed to each of their classmates. A social network questionnaire quantified strength of social ties with each classmate and the incidence of mutual or unilateral social aggression (e.g. teasing). Participants allocated stronger hot sauce to peers with whom they reported weak or negative social ties, and with whom they reported unilateral teasing, underscoring the validity of this experimental measure of aggression. With increasing age, there was evidence for greater subtlety in the use of aggressive tactics. Relative to younger adolescents, older adolescents were less disinclined to allocate strong hot sauce to their friends. Younger (compared with older) adolescents allocated more hot sauce in relationships characterised by self-reported unilateral teasing, while older (compared with younger) adolescents allocated more hot sauce in relationships characterised by self-reported mutual teasing. This pattern of findings suggests young adolescents use experimental aggression as an extension of real-world victimisation/retaliation, while older adolescent behaviour is consistent with playful, mutual aggression among friends. This extends our understanding of developmental determinants of adolescent aggressive behaviour using a new experimental model of aggression.
Assessing the effects of internet-related drug urges on inhibition using an anti-saccade task
Authors: Delahunty Fionn , o'Hora Denis
Published: July 2018

Title: Assessing the effects of internet-related urges on inhibition using an anti-saccade taskBackground: The average adult spends two thirds of waking day online; many researchers propose that this excess internet usage is driven by some form of behavioural addiction. One feature of addictions, according to the Tiffany cognitive urge model, is the presence of urges (i.e., craving) to engage in the behaviour that are difficult to ignore. The current study attempted to establish whether urges occurs for internet usage and test whether such urges interferes with inhibition processes.Method: Participants completed measures of impulsivity, internet addiction, self-esteem, metacognition and desire thinking and were randomly assigned to control or experimental groups. All participants completed an anti-saccade task as a baseline measure of inhibition. Then, the experimental group was told that they would receive 7 minutes of internet usage, but they were interrupted after 5 minutes. This interruption was designed to elicit internet-related urges. All participants then completed a second anti-saccade task.Results: The results of a two way mixed design repeated measures ANOVA suggest that anti-saccade error rate in the experimental group significantly increased from baseline to time two after the interruption of internet usage. The control groups error rates marginally decreased. Additionally, the results of a regression analysis suggest that impulse control measures were not a significant factor in predicting scores on Young’s Internet Addiction questionnaire.Discussion: This is the first published study to empirically demonstrate that drug urges can be elicited and measured for Internet usage. In a world that so readily provides Internet usage to children and young adults, that this study may tentatively suggest that we take a more cautious approach to internet usage.
Antibiotic prescribing pattern in different clinical departments at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Dixit Sanjaya Mani , Shrestha Binaya
Published: July 2018

Background: Antibiotics have transformed the practice of medicine for good; by making once lethal infections treatable. However, antimicrobials have been overused both in prophylaxis and therapy. Patients unnecessarily exposed to antibiotics are at risk for serious adverse events while increasing the chances of antimicrobial resistance. Patients with infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria are at increased risk of worse clinical outcomes and even death. It is therefore imperative to use our arsenal of antibiotics wisely.Objectives: A prospective cross sectional study was carried out with the aim of identifying prescription pattern of antibiotics in different medical units at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal. Investigating the prescription pattern of doctors and providing them necessary feedback plays a vital role in improving the prescription quality and promoting the rational prescription pattern.Methodology: A study was carried out on in-patient prescription data collected at random from patients admitted in different clinical departments at the hospital. Information on medication use was obtained for the patients prescribed at least one antibiotic during their hospital stay. The antibiotic prescribing practices of different departments was compared by using the percentage method.Results: The antibiotics most commonly prescribed were Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin + Cloxacillin, Azithromycin, and Cefixime among others. Ceftriaxone was found to be prescribed in 108 cases accounting 16.8% of the total antibiotic prescribed.Conclusion: The study highlights the current practice of antibiotics usage in clinical settings. Based on the current study it was concluded that Cephalosporins are the mostly used antibiotics in in-patient settings.
Anaesthetic management of a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy undergoing laparoscopic cholesytectomy
Authors: Gautam Binod , Bhochhibhoya Anisha
Published: July 2018

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy with or without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. From asymptomatic state to sudden death comprise its varied clinical range. Owing to complex patho-physiology and very high risk of cardiac events, its peri-operative management demands meticulous maintenance of hemodynamic parameters. Prevention and prompt correction of factors such as hypovolemia, tachycardia, and increased contractility that can exacerbate the left ventricular outflow obstruction, arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia are essential for improving patient outcome. Laparoscopic surgeries in these patients can further amplify anaesthetic concerns and add to the challenges. A 58 year female was scheduled for surgery having suffered frequent complications of cholelithiasis. As there is paucity of reports evaluating laparoscopic surgery, we report this patient diagnosed with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, who received general anaesthesia to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy successfully without suffering complications during surgery and hospital stay.
Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) fornêhiyawêwin: An In-Depth User-Experience Evaluation
Authors: Bontogon Megan , Arppe Antti , Antonsen Lene , Thunder Dorothy , Lachler Jordan
Published: July 2018

Intelligent computer assisted language learning (ICALL) applications for Indigenous languages are a relatively new avenue for computer assisted language learning (CALL). CALL allows language learners to practise a wide range of grammatical exercises and receive feedback on their answers outside of class time. ICALL is essential for dynamically producing these exercises for polysynthetic Indigenous languages with complex morphology. To better understand user perceptions and behaviours within an ICALL setting, an in-depth user evaluation of nêhiyawêtân (a university-level ICALL application for Plains Cree) was initiated. Five second language learners of Plains Cree were recorded using nêhiyawêtân as they completed various grammatical exercises. They were encouraged to report their opinions, thoughts, and observations aloud. Subsequently, observed user reactions and strategies were recorded. This supplied us with potential user errors, strategies, and preferences that allowed us to improve answer feedback and the design and interface of the exercise templates. Moreover, the results of surveys and observations highlighted sociocultural issues that are not seen in mainstream CALL for majority languages. We hope that this evaluation will serve as a guideline for evaluating future ICALL programs for Indigenous and other minority languages.
A refined experimental model of fusiform aneurysms in a rabbit carotid artery
Authors: Avery Michael B. , Alaqeel Ahmed , Bromley Amy B. , Chen Yong-Xiang , Wong John H. , Eesa Muneer , Mitha Alim P.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

Reliable animal models are an important aspect of translational research, especially for relatively uncommon clinical entities such as fusiform aneurysms. While several animal models exist, very few are tailored to cerebral fusiform aneurysms, which have unique attributes compared to abdominal fusiform aneurysms. The authors aimed to build from previous models to create a cerebral fusiform aneurysm model that is simple to use and reliable.

METHODS

Twelve female New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to 3 groups: group E, elastase only; group C, CaCl2 only; group EC, elastase + CaCl2. All rabbits underwent surgical exposure of the right common carotid artery (CCA) and 20 minutes of peri-carotid incubation with their respective chemicals. Angiography was performed 6 weeks later for arterial dilation measurements, with 50% increase in diameter being defined as fusiform aneurysm formation. The arterial segments, along with the contralateral CCAs, were harvested and assessed histologically for wall component measurements and elastin semiquantification. A separate rabbit underwent aneurysm creation per the group EC protocol and was treated with an endovascular flow-diversion device.

RESULTS

All of the group EC rabbits developed fusiform aneurysms (mean dilation of 88%), while none of the group E or group C rabbits developed aneurysms (p = 0.001). Histological analysis revealed increased internal elastic lamina fragmentation in the group EC aneurysms, which also had less tunica intima hyperplasia. All aneurysms exhibited thinning of the tunica media and reduction in elastin content. The use of an endovascular flow-diverting stent was successful, with complete parent vessel remodeling, as expected, 4 weeks after deployment.

CONCLUSIONS

The peri-arterial application of combined elastase and CaCl2 to the CCA appears sufficient to reliably produce fusiform aneurysms after 6 weeks. Exposure to elastase or CaCl2 individually appears insufficient, despite the observed histological changes to the arterial wall. The proposed fusiform aneurysm model is able to accommodate endovascular devices, simulating the tortuous pathway experienced in using such devices in human cerebral aneurysms and thus is a satisfactory model to use in translational research.
Are the sagittal cervical radiographic modifiers of the Ames-ISSG classification specific to adult cervical deformity?
Authors: Bakouny Ziad , Khalil Nour , Otayek Joeffroy , Bizdikian Aren Joe , Yared Fares , Salameh Michel , Bou Zeid Naji , Ghanem Ismat , Kharrat Khalil , Kreichati Gaby , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie , Assi Ayman
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

The Ames–International Spine Study Group (ISSG) classification has recently been proposed as a tool for adult cervical deformity evaluation. This classification includes three radiographic cervical sagittal modifiers that have not been evaluated in asymptomatic adults. The aim of this study was to determine whether the sagittal radiographic modifiers described in the Ames-ISSG cervical classification are encountered in asymptomatic adults without alteration of health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

METHODS

The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of subjects with an age ≥ 18 years and no cervical or back-related complaints or history of orthopedic surgery. All subjects underwent full-body biplanar radiographs with the measurement of cervical, segmental, and global alignment and completed the SF-36 HRQOL questionnaire. Subjects were classified according to the sagittal radiographic modifiers (chin-brow vertical angle [CBVA], mismatch between T1 slope and cervical lordosis [TS-CL], and C2–7 sagittal vertical axis [cSVA]) of the Ames–ISSG classification for cervical deformity, which also includes a qualitative descriptor of cervical deformity, the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) myelopathy score, and the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)–Schwab classification for spinal deformity assessment. Characteristics of the subjects classified by the different modifier grades were compared.

RESULTS

One hundred forty-one asymptomatic subjects (ages 18–59 years, 71 females) were enrolled in the study. Twenty-seven (19.1%) and 61 (43.3%) subjects were classified as grade 1 in terms of the TS-CL and CBVA modifiers, respectively. Ninety-eight (69.5%) and 4 (2.8%) were grade 2 for these same respective modifiers. One hundred thirty-six (96.5%) subjects had at least one modifier at grade 1 or 2. There was a significant relationship between patient age and grades of TS-CL (p < 0.001, Cramer’s V [CV] = 0.32) and CBVA (p = 0.04, CV = 0.22) modifiers. The HRQOL, global alignment, and segmental alignment parameters were similar among the subjects with different modifier grades (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The CBVA and TS-CL radiographic modifiers of the Ames-ISSG classification do not seem to be specific to subjects with cervical deformities and can occur in asymptomatic subjects without alteration in HRQOL.
A new criterion for the alarm point using a combination of waveform amplitude and onset latency in Br(E)-MsEP monitoring in spine surgery
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuyoshi , Ando Kei , Shinjo Ryuichi , Ito Kenyu , Tsushima Mikito , Morozumi Masayoshi , Tanaka Satoshi , Machino Masaaki , Ota Kyotaro , Ishiguro Naoki , Imagama Shiro
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

Monitoring of brain evoked muscle-action potentials (Br[E]-MsEPs) is a sensitive method that provides accurate periodic assessment of neurological status. However, occasionally this method gives a relatively high rate of false-positives, and thus hinders surgery. The alarm point is often defined based on a particular decrease in amplitude of a Br(E)-MsEP waveform, but waveform latency has not been widely examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate onset latency in Br(E)-MsEP monitoring in spinal surgery and to examine the efficacy of an alarm point using a combination of amplitude and latency.

METHODS

A single-center, retrospective study was performed in 83 patients who underwent spine surgery using intraoperative Br(E)-MsEP monitoring. A total of 1726 muscles in extremities were chosen for monitoring, and acceptable baseline Br(E)-MsEP responses were obtained from 1640 (95%). Onset latency was defined as the period from stimulation until the waveform was detected. Relationships of postoperative motor deficit with onset latency alone and in combination with a decrease in amplitude of ≥ 70% from baseline were examined.

RESULTS

Nine of the 83 patients had postoperative motor deficits. The delay of onset latency compared to the control waveform differed significantly between patients with and without these deficits (1.09% ± 0.06% vs 1.31% ± 0.14%, p < 0.01). In ROC analysis, an intraoperative 15% delay in latency from baseline had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 96% for prediction of postoperative motor deficit. In further ROC analysis, a combination of a decrease in amplitude of ≥ 70% and delay of onset latency of ≥ 10% from baseline had sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 93%, a false positive rate of 7%, a false negative rate of 0%, a positive predictive value of 64%, and a negative predictive value of 100% for this prediction.

CONCLUSIONS

In spinal cord monitoring with intraoperative Br(E)-MsEP, an alarm point using a decrease in amplitude of ≥ 70% and delay in onset latency of ≥ 10% from baseline has high specificity that reduces false positive results.