bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physico-chemical and biological evaluation of Blue Nile River at Lake Tana, Ethiopia, in relation to discharge of tannery effluent
Authors: Hone Mekdes , Beneberu Getachew
Published: November 2020

Pollution of aquatic ecosystems with waste-water coming from tanneries is a serious challenge worldwide. The purpose of this study was to assess the water quality of Blue Nile River at a tannery in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, using physicochemical and biological attributes. Four sampling sites were selected along the river based on the degree of degradation and major land-use types. Phyisco-chemical data, water samples, and chironomid larvae were collected monthly from March-May, 2016. Two liters of water were collected from each site and stored in the icebox and transported to Bahir Dar University. Water samples were analyzed for nutrients following standard procedures.  Chironomid larvae were collected using a D- Frame net of 500 µm mesh size. One-way ANOVA was used to compare variations in all measured parameters among the sampling sites. Low dissolved oxygen (2.8 mg/l) was recorded at the site where the tannery meets the river. Moreover, the concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus, SRP (25.5±14.3 μg/l) and conductivity (1907.3±39.5 µS/cm) were low in the most upstream site of the river. A total of six Chironomid genera belonging to the subfamilies Chironominae and Tanypodinae were identified.  The genus Chironomus dominated the impacted sites that had low dissolved oxygen levels. The other five genera were not found in those impacted sites. The result of this study indicated that the tannery effluent had impact on chironomid distribution as well as on river water quality.
Management of Blue Gum Chalcid (Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) infestation on different species of Eucalyptus trees in Kalu district, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Alle Tigabu Redae , Lema Adane Tesfaye , Dawud Seid Muhie
Published: November 2020

The recently introduced chalcid pest known as the Blue Gum Chalcid (BGC) (L. invasa) is currently one of the major insect pests of Eucalyptus tree species in Ethiopia. A research was conducted in Kalu district, South Wollo, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia, the main objective of which was to evaluate the effectiveness of synthetic insecticides, hoeing and water showering options against BGC. Two parallel experiments were conducted in the nursery and in the field. Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. saligna, E. viminalis, E. citrodora and E. globulus were considered in the nursery at Chorisa. One to three-year old E. camaldulensis plantations were considered at Tikuro plantation site. At the nursery, seven treatments and at the field 10 treatments were tested in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications from January to February 2019, where treatments were applied 3 times at 15-day intervals. Results from the 1-year old plantation revealed that application of Dimethoate 40%, Carbofuran 3G and Dimethoate 40% + hoeing followed by Carbofuran 3G + hoeing and Thiamethoxam 25WG were effective in checking the BGC insect pest infestation. In the 3-year old plantation, Carbofuran 3G significantly reduced the infestation followed by Dimethoate 40%. At the nursery, Dimethoate 40% and Carbofuran 3G reduced the infestation followed by Carbofuran 3G + Dimethoate 40% and thiamethoxam 25WG. Water showering and hoeing did not reduce BGC infestation in all cases at the field plantations. Treatments that received synthetic insecticides and hoeing had low infestation, the reason for which was the insecticide rather than the hoeing, because the hoeing alone didn’t differ from the control. Application of Dimethoate 40% and Carbofuran 3G with hoeing and weeding activities were recommended to manage and limit BGC insect pest infestations.
Restructuring orientation for Petro Vietnam Exploration Production Corporation (PVEP) in the context of international integration
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Thanh , Nguyen Thao Hoang Lan ,   Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam
Published: November 2020

Oi and Gas exploration and production are highly international and strategic in terms of national energy security and sovereignty over the islands. Thus it forces PVEP to always review the structure to not only improve or restructure but also to adapt and develop in the context of international integration. The author has applied the corporate restructuring theory model as the basis of restructuring orientation for PetroVietnam Exploration and Production Corporation (PVEP). Restructuring PVEP is carried out in 5 phases from researching PVEP’s external context, indentifying internal factors of PVEP, implementing restructuring strategies, making options and evaluating result. The application of this theoretical model will help PVEP’s managers to develop a scientific, rigorous, completed and effective restructuring project.
Relationship between investor sentiment and Corporate investment activities on the stock market: Seeing from empirical Research
Authors: Hoang Thuy Thi ,   Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam
Published: November 2020

Investor sentiment is a sentimental factor, so in existing empirical studies there exist many different methods to measure the depiction of investor sentiment. The methods of designing indicators to measure investor sentiment for the whole stock market, there are no separate studies for investors according to specific industries of the business. Existing empirical studies in other countries show that investor sentiment affects investment activities of enterprises by two ways: The path of The catering theory and the theoretical path Theory of optimism”. The research results are still different. Most scholars argue that the relationship between investor sentiment and firm's investment level is a positive relationship, but some scholars prove that investor sentiment is inversely related to investment activities of the business. Therefore, the article proposes more research directions for the research articles on investment activities of enterprises participating in the stock market of Vietnam.
Protecting the interests of consumers in E-Commerce according to Vietnamese law
Authors: Nguyen Anh Ngoc Thi , Le Chien Minh ,   Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam  Viet Nam Institute for Economic and Policy Research, Ha Noi, Vietnam
Published: November 2020

Consumers’ rights protection is the guarantee of consumers in the commercial trasaction process in order to improve the efficiency of commercial transactions, creating a driving force for the development of national production. E-commerce is an effective but still relatively new form of civil transactions in our country and easy to infringe on consumers' interests, so to promote e-commerce transactions, the interests of Consumers in e-commerce are protected not only through the activities of consumer associations, but also through legal documents of the State such as the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights 2010, Law on Electronic Transactions 2005,… However, the practical research results show that, in the past time, the acts of violating consumer interests in e-commerce have tended to increase such as violations of goods information, personal secrets of consumers. The article analyzes the current situation of protecting consumers' interests in e-commerce according to Vietnamese law related to these aspects: (1) the information provided by businesses; (2) online payment security, data protection and privacy, dispute resolution and redress; (3) the right to obtain documents relating to e-commerce transactions,… proposing a number of recommendations to improve the efficiency of law enforcement on consumer protection in e-commerce, contributing to promoting goods exchange and business activities of the economy.
7 years of monitoring of 40K in surface water samples from Olt River, Romania
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Ene Mihaela Roxana , Bulubasa Gheorghe ,   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Miu Alina Florentina ,   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to determine naturally occurring radionuclide 40K in surface water samples from Olt River, Romania. A monitoring study during 7 years (2012-2018) was accomplished. A number of 728 surface water samples were collected and analysed. Several hundred pollution sources were identified for the Olt River basin in Romania. This study is of particular importance since it is the first effort to evaluate the activity concentrations of 40K in surface water from Romania for such a long period. For this reason, two sampling points along the Olt River were chosen, the first one upstream of the discharge point of the magistrate channel "Deversor Olt" (reference location) and respectively the second sampling point downstream of the liquid effluents discharges point (indicator location). The radioactivity concentration of 40K was determined from the 1460.8 keV photopeak. The method used was high resolution gamma ray spectrometry performed with a hyperpure germanium detector. An activity concentration for 40K, no more than 2.14 ± 0.32 Bq l -1 , is observed, but the values recorded for the background location had a slight, but not significant difference compared with the values recorded in the second sampling point.
CWQI index as quality indicator of surface water - An approach on the Olt River, Romania
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Sandru Claudia , Iordache Mihaela ,   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Iordache Andreea Maria ,   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Ionete Roxana Elena ,   National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Zgavarogea Ramona Ionela
Published: November 2020

This work aims at assessing the pollution degree of the Olt River (Romania), based on the Canadian Water Quality (CWQI) index, by monitoring twenty twos locations along the middle and south part of the river basin for a period of four months, from March to October, during 2018. A comprehensive physico-chemical analysis involving major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+), anions (Cl-, SO42-, N-NO3--) and general parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolve solids) was performed for this purpose. Results demonstrated that CWQI values classified the water in the investigated sectors of the river as fair (values ​​between 66.08 to 79.05), marginal (56.22 to 64.63) and good (value of 85.60). This method appears to be more systematic and provide comparative evaluation of the water quality in different seasons of the year. The results showed that there is a large variations in the parameters in different sections of the river due to different anthropogenic factors. Therefore, this index may be helpful as marker for the public to better understand the quality of water, but also as tool for water quality management.
Community Development And Awareness Raising In Selected Slum Areas Of Karachi Regarding Education, Health And Nutrition
Authors: Rehma Dua-e- , Manzoor Seema , Barrech Sadia
Published: November 2020

This research paper aimed to gain further knowledge regarding the relationship between community development, education, health and nutrition. The main objective of this research is to help the slum community to explore the processes involved in tackling social issues within the community. Globally the scenario is changing as developing nations are focusing more on poverty reduction and community development, because it is now considered as the root cause of all social issues. Therefore, it is needed to evaluate the intensity of issues in order to develop effective policies and development programs to reach the SDG goals. Unstructured face-to-face interviews were conducted in selected slum areas to educate people by using educational action research for maintaining their standard of living in regard to education, health and nutrition. The main purpose of this paper was to involve respondents as research participants in order to mobilize them for future development processes within the community. Two slum areas (Ghazi Goth and Bilawal Jokhio Goth) of diverse cultures and infrastructure were selected as the population of the study. Qualitative research method was chosen to conduct in-depth study through observation and case study method. The research findings indicate that poverty is the basic issue, which needs to be addressed on priority basis, for this purpose encouraging, supporting and enabling individuals within the community can raise the awareness level by involving them through easy access to opportunities. Participants from local community can empower their own community people, because they are well aware of their culture and community issues.
LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF A BILINGUAL CHILD: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Demirci Cavide , Güven Ahmet
Published: November 2020

In this study, it is aimed to analyse, evaluate and define the Turkish and English communication skills and vocabulary levels of a bilingual Turkish child. According to Houwer (2007), although they are grown in a bilingual environment, in some cases, the process of acquiring two languages is not successful. It is quite interesting why the language skills of children who grew up in similar environments in a natural process such as language acquisition sometimes differ, and why some children are not bilingual while others are. In this study, communication skills in both languages of a child who grew up in a bilingual home environment and successfully learned both Turkish and English, were examined and receptive language levels in both languages were defined. Within the scope of the research, the language development process and the vocabulary levels in the two languages are assumed to be in the normal development characteristics of the individual and similar qualities with his peers. The child lives in Turkey in a big city. This study sought to answer the following questions:

1. How is the productive language level of the individual who grew up bilingual?

a) How is the child's productive language ability in English?

b) How is the child's productive language ability in Turkish?

2. How is the receptive language level of the individual who grew up bilingual?

a) How is the English receptive language level?

b) How is the Turkish receptive language level?

 Article visualizations:
EFL STUDENTS’ RECOGNITION OF FRICATIVE SOUNDS AT A UNIVERSITY IN THE SOUTH OF VIETNAM
Authors: Hương Lan Tạ Thị , Khang Nguyễn Duy
Published: November 2020

This research aims at investigating learners’ capacity to aurally and visually recognize and properly pronounce the fricative sounds. A descriptive study was conducted with 156 participants. Since research about pronunciation which has incidentally been assumed and framed to be extremely outdated in the research context, various tests and research tool for both qualitative and quantitative data were utilized for better triangulation of the evidence. The two listening tests focused on the learners’ ability of sound recognition for fricative sounds. Then, interviews were utilized to collect both teachers and learners’ strategies for learning pronunciation. Regarding the two tests, a minimal pair is designed for each question using a native speaker’s voice. In each pair of words in test #1, learners choose one that they can distinguish. Similarly, in test #2 one word of each pair would be pronounced incorrectly (e.g. most of pairs) and learners listen and determine the right or wrong sound(s). Afterwards, four teachers and eleven learners were interviewed about this matter. Finally, this study reveals several surprising findings. Learners cannot identify and recognize these sounds /f/-/v/, /f/-/θ/, /s/-/z/, /s/-/ʒ/, /s/-/ʃ/, /ʃ/-/θ/, /z/-/ʒ/, and /ʒ/-/ʃ/. The reasons for such dominated problems in identifying these fricative sounds include their mis-matched cognitive knowledge about different sounds and their psychology in uttering the sounds. From this study, several implications are drawn out to raise a proper awareness to learners’ practice of pronunciation with recommended methods so that teachers can help learners develop their abilities in distinguishing the sounds to pronounce accurately and improve their communicative efficiency.

 Article visualizations:
Debye Parameters of Humidity-Varying Soils for Induction Logging Techniques
Authors: Velasco Andres , Elsherbeni Atef , Diener Joseph , Hadi Mohammed
Published: November 2020

This paper focuses on the tabulation of calculated Debye coefficients for a wide range of soils for source waves ranging from 300 MHz to 2 GHz. Debye coefficients of different soils will produce accurate FDTD dispersive simulations for wireline logging purposes. The FDTD dispersion analysis is based on an Auxiliary Differential Equation (ADE) method which depends on the Debye coefficients. A complex set of soil data is acquired and used in a twostep numerical solver to calculate the Debye coefficients. For a wide range of soils, Debye coefficients were developed for one, two, and three pole expansions. Most fits for one pole fits were highly inaccurate, so the coefficients generated were disregarded. Coefficients for two and three term expansions were accurate and were generated and tabulated here.
Non-quasi-static Effects Simulation of Microwave Circuits based on Physical Model of Semiconductor Devices
Authors: Xu Ke , Chen Xing , Chen Qiang
Published: November 2020

This work explores analyzing the non-quasistatic effects of a microwave circuit by employing a physical model-based field-circuit co-simulation method. Specifically, it uses the semiconductor physical model to characterize the semiconductor devices, and simulates the lumped circuit by cooperating semiconductor physical equations into Kirchhoff’s circuit equations. Then the lumped circuit simulation is hybridized with the
finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation by interfacing EM (electromagnetic) field quantities with lumped-element quantities at each timestep. Taken a microwave limiter circuit as an example, the simulation results agree well with the measured results, which prove that this method can characterize non-quasi-static effects well. As a comparison, the equivalent circuit modelbased co-simulation cannot characterize the non-quasistatic
effects accurately.
Finite Ground CB-CPW Bandpass Filter using Vertically Installed Coupled Open-ended Stubs
Authors: Mondal Pratik , Parui Susanta , Bera Rajesh
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a conductor backed coplanar waveguide (CB-CPW) 3rd order bandpass filter is designed using coupled open-ended stub resonator placed vertically to the signal line. Vertically loaded open ended stubs are designed at quarter wavelength so as to behave like a short circuit at the input terminal thus giving a band-accepted response with lesser metallic area or minimum size. Four such coupled open ended resonators are placed in series and also in closely manner to provide greater field confinement of the proposed bandpass filter. The bandpass filter is designed for a center frequency of 2.5 GHz with FBW of 97.89%, insertion loss of <0.5dB, rising and falling edge selectivity of 30.75 dB/GHz and 27.01dB/GHz respectively with a wide stopband of around 4GHz after the desired passband. Further to validate the design technique six such resonators are placed to obtain 5th order bandpass filter.
COMPOSICIÓN ORGÁNICA DE LOS ALIMENTOS QUE GARANTIZAN LA SOBERANIA ALIMENTARIA EN LA PARROQUIA LODANA, RELACIONADOS CON LAS CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS.
Authors: Vera Velazquez Raquel , Lesvel Castro Landin Alfredo , Maldonado Zúñiga Kirenia , Batista Garcet Yoiler
Published: November 2020

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la composición orgánica de los alimentos que garantizan la soberanía alimentaria en la parroquia Lodana del cantón Santa Ana”, en la misma se aplicó una metodología exploratoria, documental e investigativa donde utilizamos diversas informaciones de fuentes bibliográficas, en la que realizamos encuestas que nos permitieron obtener información segura de los agricultores de la zona y en la que se evaluaron aspectos tales como: el destino que  tiene la producción agrícola de la parroquia, las características del suelo agrícola, valoración de su PH y la relación con los cultivos que se establecen,  la utilización de productos químico para mejorar el rendimiento de los cultivos, el trabajo cotidiano que realizan y si las condiciones edafoclimáticas de la zona favorecen el desarrollo de las cosechas .Los resultados de la investigación arrojaron que se utiliza abono orgánico o inorgánico para mejorar el rendimiento de las siembras, existiendo preferencia al utilizar el abono inorgánico, porque su proceso es más rápido. Los cultivos que más se cosechan son el maíz como alimento fundamental para el sustento económico de la población, ya que cumple un grupo de roles importantes como la confección de balanceados para la alimentación animal ( ganado vacuno, aves, porcinos y equinos) y el melón, haba pallar, tomate, maní y pimiento, que aportan, carbohidratos, lípidos, proteínas, vitaminas y minerales, que componen los 5 elementos esenciales de la dieta humana, logrando producir alimentos ecológicos que no afecten la salud humana y poder garantizar una alimentación sana y saludable.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS Y PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA
Authors: Cañarte Cabrera Yessenia
Published: November 2020

La participación ciudadana no es generado solo porque la población sea invitada por un gobierno a hacerlo, debe haberse propiciado una oportunidad de participación, no depende únicamente de las herramientas facilitadas por el Estado, sino del involucramiento de la ciudadanía en la administración pública, su compromiso, empoderamiento y responsabilidad adquiridos por los ciudadanos, articulando al Estado con la sociedad civil  donde se tiene como resultados  instituciones más eficaces y una democracia más robusta y fortalecida incrementando la confianza de los ciudadanos, donde el acceso de información debe ser “vitrina pública”, implicando procedimientos, procesos, normas y valores, siendo un desafío organizacional donde la producción, distribución y manejo deben ser las tareas principales de la política pública. En esta investigación de tipo bibliográfica, la metodología implicó una revisión de la literatura académica: documentos oficiales; diversos sitios web; revistas de acceso libre. El objetivo es determinar la importancia de la participación ciudadana en las políticas públicas como estrategia de gobernanza donde las instituciones públicas actúen de forma transparente y responsable, en beneficio de la sociedad. Se concluye que su éxito y su estabilidad dependen en buena medida de los procesos de participación democrática y de la agenda de gobierno que se lleve a cabo con eficacia, legitimidad y ética, aplicando los principios de la administración pública y la comunicación para lograr la efectividad de las políticas públicas.
INCIDENCIAS EN LA UTILIZACIÓN DE LOS AMBIENTES VIRTUALES EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Pedro Paladines Morán Julio , Figueroa Morán Grace Liliana , Nevardo Paladines Morán José
Published: November 2020

La nueva sociedad del los procesos de globalización y estandarización en el contexto de educación  superior,  han traído un referente de implementación  y  uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), como medio para la formación en la enseñanza, en la actual sociedad de la información. No obstante, este hecho demanda un análisis crítico acerca de la calidad que se ofrece en este contexto virtual y,  en  especial, la modalidad concerniente al aprendizaje mixto. Para ello, el estudio muestra una metodología fundamentada, consecuente con la revisión documental y el análisis comparativo de literatura, capaz de establecer un marco de análisis de las implicaciones del b-learning en el contexto de la educación. De este modo, la discusión se basa en las relaciones de uso pedagógico de las he-rramientas y entornos virtuales, en pro de apoyar la formación presencial y, a la par, sustentar un desarrollo educativo de calidad en instituciones. A manera de conclusión, se plantea una necesidad de fortalecer los procesos pedagógicos que soportan los recursos utilizados en el b-learning, en tanto se propicie una calidad educativa en términos de eficiencia, pertinencia y la adquisición de competencias para el mundo de la vida.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Community
Authors: Paikopoulou Dimitra
Published: November 2020

The world's disease profile is changing, and chronic diseases now account for the
majority of global morbidity and mortality. The causes of chronic kidney diseases
(CKD) reflect this change. The increase in prevalence of CKD is partly due to a real
increase in its frequency (due to the increase in the average age of people surviving),
better detection of CKD, but also to the increasing incidence of diabetes and
hypertension among people today, not only within the developed world, but also
increasingly within the emerging world.
Furthermore, hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, currently
among the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) top 10 global health risks, are
strongly associated with CKD. The factors, together with increasing diabetes
prevalence and an aging population, will result in significant global increases in
chronic kidney diseases (CKD) end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
There are approximately 275000 patients with ESRD in the United States and it is
estimated that an additional 8 million US adults have kidney disease (defined as a
glomerular filtration rate [GFR] of 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2). Because kidney
disease often progresses to ESRD and its attendant complications, the identification
of precursors of kidney disease is important, with the belief that interventions will
prevent or delay the progression to ESRD.
Effects of Wii Fit exer-gaming on balance and gait in elderly population; a randomized control trial
Authors: Kiran Khushnood  , Nasir Sultan  , Shafaq Altaf  , Sidra Qureshi  , Riafat Mehmood  , Malik Muhammad Ali Awan
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effect of exer-gaming on balance and gait in the elderly.

Methods: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at Kulsum International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, from July to October 2018, and comprised physically independent subjects aged 60 years and above who were randomised into experimental and control groups suing concealed envelope method. The cases received exer-gaming for 30 minutes twice a week for 8 weeks, while the controls received balance training exercises twice a week for 8 weeks. Assessment was done at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Outcome measures were assessed with Berg balance scale and the gait abnormality rating scale modified. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.

Results: Of the 90 subjects, there were 45(50%) in each of the two groups. The intervention group had better outcome in terms of gait (p<0.05) except for foot contact and shoulder extension (p>0.05), while the difference related to balance was not significant (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Exer-gaming was found to be effective in improving various components of gait in the elderly compared to exercises.

Key Words: Balance, Elderly population, Exer-gaming, Gait, Gait abnormality rating scale, Nintendo Wii Fit. Continuous...
Prevalence of Depression in Gynecologic and Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Dorich Heather , Pawasauskas Jayne , Rogala Britny , Lally Kate
Published: November 2020

Objective Depression has historically been an underdiagnosed and undertreated condition with a large impact on patient quality of life. Screening and diagnosis of depression may differ for various reasons, making proper diagnosis and treatment difficult. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the associations between the prevalence of depression and patient-specific factors in gynecologic and breast cancer patients who had received a palliative care consult. This study was conducted in a single institution that specializes in women and infant care. The primary objective was to quantify the prevalence of depression among palliative care patients. The secondary objective was to determine patient specific factors associated with a diagnosis of depression. Results Over the course of the one year inclusion period, a total of 73 patients met inclusion criteria. The prevalence of depression in this study was found to be 54.8%. A diagnosis of anxiety was associated with the presence of depression (77.5% vs 25%, p < 0. 0001). Cancer of the fallopian tube was also independently associated with depression (12. 5% vs 0, p = 0. 44). Conclusion The prevalence of depression for palliative care patients, specifically for patients with gynecologic and breast malignancies, in this study was higher than estimates of depression prevalence for the general population. The results of this study may indicate that a greater awareness of the need for screening and treatment of depression is necessary in this population, in order to properly diagnose and treat patients with depression.
Aktivitas Antimikroba Kapang Endofit Dari Tumbuhan Pesisir Sarang Semut (Hydnophytum Formicarum) Hasil Kultivasi
Authors: Nurzakiah Nurzakiah , Desniar Desniar , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: November 2020

Seven isolates of endophytic fungi from sarang semut plant (Hydnophytum formicarum) was observed for their antibacterial activity. This study aimed to determine the culture period of sarang semut endophytic fungi that has the best antibacterial activity. Screening of endophytic fungi resulted that RS1A isolate showed the widest zone of inhibition, which was 4.7 mm against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The highest antibacterial activity of RS1A was shown by the extracts from static culture harvested on day 21. Zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli was 10 mm at a concentration of 2 mg/well and 7 mm at a concentration of 1 mg/well, while zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis was 7 mm and 6 mm, respectively.
Territorial Dimensions of Governance Sustainability – The Case of Bulgarian Agriculture
Authors: Bachev Hrabrin
Published: November 2020

This article suggests a holistic framework for assessing the “forth” governance pillar of agrarian sustainability in Bulgaria. The newly elaborated approach is “tested” in a large-scale study for assessing the governance sustainability at national, territorial and farms levels. Multiple Principles, multi-criteria and multi-indicators assessment indicates that the Overall Governance Sustainability of Bulgarian agriculture is at a “Good” but very close to the “Satisfactory” level. Besides, there is a considerable differentiation in the level of Integral Governance sustainability of different agro-regions and farming systems in the country. Furthermore, the individual indicators with the highest and lowest sustainability values determine the “critical” factors enhancing and deterring the particular and integral Governance sustainability of national, territorial and farming systems of Bulgarian agriculture.
Preliminary assessment of the characteristics of Late Miocene - Quaternary intrusive and extrusive magmatism in the Tu Chinh - Vung May basin, southeastern continental shelf of Vietnam
Authors: Huy Hoang Bui , Chi Mai Le , Thi Van Anh Ngo
Published: November 2020

Based on the seismic and well dataset provided by the Vietnam Petroleum Institute (VPI), the authors have mapped and described the characteristics of the distribution and morphology of magmatic bodies as well as relatively dated them in the Tu Chinh - Vung May basin and adjacent areas. To distinguish magmatic bodies from other amplitude anomalies such as gas zone or carbonate build-up/layers, multiple criteria were used such as cross-cutting relationship, associated deformation of surrounding strata, morphology and geological relationship between different magmatic bodies. Intrusive bodies are usually sheet-like or saucer-shaped sills that cross-cut strata and even deform overlying strata, while extrusive bodies are usually cone-shaped vents/volcanoes or extensive lava sheets that conform to strata. The magmatic bodies often distribute in clusters around one or more magmatic conduits. Middle Miocene and older syn-rift faults controlled the pathway of the conduits. Magmatic bodies are more abundant closer to the East Sea spreading margin. Late Miocene - Quaternary magmatism is widespread in the study area in particular, and in the East Sea and adjacent areas in general. These activities took place after rifting and oceanic crust formation had ended, which is characteristic of magma-poor margins.
EXISTEM DIFERENÇAS ENTRE OS DIURÉTICOS TIAZÍDICOS?
Authors:   Disciplina de Emergências Médicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Santos- UNILUS, SP, Brasil, Focaccia Póvoa Fernando , Póvoa Rui ,   Disciplina de Cardiologia da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Setor de Cardiopatia Hipertensiva da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: November 2020

Desenvolvidos em 1950, os diuréticos estão entre as drogas mais utilizadas no arsenal terapêutico clínico, principalmente na hipertensão arterial e nos quadros edematosos. O mecanismo de ação envolve a excreção renal de água, eletrólitos e diminuição da reabsorção de sódio em diferentes locais do néfron, com consequente aumento do sódio urinário e da água. Os diuréticos tiazídicos mais usados na prática clínica em pacientes hipertensos são: hidroclorotiazida (HCTZ), clortalidona (CTD) e indapamida (IDP). Em relação à potência anti-hipertensiva, a CTD é uma vez e meia a duas vezes mais potente que a hidroclorotiazida. HCTZ é menos potente do que qualquer outro anti-hipertensivo, incluindo inibidores da enzima de conversão da angiotensina, bloqueadores do receptor da angiotensina e antagonistas dos canais de cálcio. O IDP tem ação anti-hipertensiva devido aos seus efeitos no túbulo distal, inibindo a reabsorção do cloreto de sódio e tem efeitos mais intensos e sustentados na redução da pressão arterial. Os diuréticos tiazídicos são muito diferentes, tanto em níveis variados de redução da pressão arterial quanto em efeitos adversos, de modo que sua proteção contra danos em órgãos-alvo está relacionada ao efeito de classe.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SAP AT INDIAN OIL
Authors: DAS DEBASHREET
Published: November 2020

“MANTHAN” the Enterprise Resource Planning solution executed through SAP (a software package) is adjudged as the best package to deal with the huge network of business of a company like Indian Oil Corporation which has achieved the status of “MAHARATNA” – (the precious super jewel) awarded by the Government of India. There are three such mega companies enjoying such status in the country.[1] It also got a rank of 125 in the Fortune “Global 500” in 2010. This paper tries to scrutinize the loopholes that existed in the system and examines the modus operandi of SAP to address such problems.
A Framework for Risk Management in Globally Distributed Agile Software Development (Agile GSD)
Authors: Shrivastava Suprika Vasudeva , Date Hema
Published: November 2020

Global Software development (GSD) is gaining popularity as it helps in saving cost and reduces time to market. GSD faces various challenges like communication problems, time-zone differences and cultural differences. Agile principles are used as a means to increase production rate by making processes more responsive to change. Since success of using agile methodologies is dependent on communication and collaboration, combining agile with distributed development (Agile GSD) becomes a risky process. In the current literature, few research papers mention about the risk involved in globally distributed agile development process. This paper contributes by identifying some of the most relevant risk and suggesting risk mitigation strategies in the form of a framework for risk management for globally distributed agile development. The framework is created based on the literature available and the interviews of project managers and developers conducted in three software development organizations in Pune (India). Each component of the framework is discussed in the paper in detail. The research will be relevant for the project managers who are handling distribute agile projects.
Measurement of Service Quality using SERVQUAL model in a Mining Environment
Authors: Garg A.K. , Alvapillai R. , Mathsediso I. B.
Published: November 2020

This study applied the reformed service quality model developed by Parasuraman to measure the service quality level and the gaps between perceptions and expectations of a motor company located in a mining environment (Francistown). The data from the three part survey questionnaire was used to examine gaps between perceptions and expectations of the respondents. The findings from a sample of 140 customers show that the service quality level of vehicle repair service department (VRSD) did not fully meet the expectations of the customers of VRSD and gaps were observed in all five dimensions. Paired t-test used to test the significance of difference between out of warranty responses and under warranty responses for expectation and perceptions showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups of customers. Finally the correlation analysis confirmed the strength of the relationship between the service quality and the dimensions studied. Recommendations are made to bridge the gaps between perception and expectation of customers.
How much can we really know about learner autonomy?
Authors: Edsall Dominic G.
Published: November 2020

In this chapter the author examines the concept of learner autonomy in Second Language Acquisition which is now more than 40 years old. Its seemingly simple definition remains difficult to pin down empirically which can be a challenge for some practitioners. This problem of empirical truth is intrinsically linked with our understandings of the underlying epistemology, and our own philosophical theories about what we know. This chapter attempts to address the current philosophical basis for learner autonomy, how much we as language teachers can actually know about learner autonomy, and some of the theoretical limits to how we can investigate it further. Exploring the relatively new philosophies of Critical Realism and Social Realism from the wider educational literature, the author discusses how new insights could be gained. Edsall concludes by contemplating the possibility of not being able to definitively define the concept of learner autonomy and why we might have to settle on an incomplete but richer picture of the concept and its practice.
Enhancing access to institutional financial support for small and medium enterprises in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis of Ghana
Authors: Enu-Kwesi Francis , Quarshie Maria-Antoinette Adriana , Mensah John Victor
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses the factors which affect access to financial support by small and medium enterprise (SMEs) in Sekondi-Takoradi. Financial resources are crucial in the life of all businesses including SMEs. However, access to financial support comes with the problems of information asymmetry, moral hazard and adverse selection. The factors that influence access to financial support are investigated using a non-interventional cross-sectional study design. Quantitative data were collected from 303 randomly selected SMEs using interview schedules, while qualitative data, using an interview guide, were obtained from 21 institutions offering financial support to SMEs in Sekondi- Takoradi. With the use of interpretations of the qualitative data, and descriptive statistics including cross tabulations, the results showed that interest rates, collateral, guarantors and, business and financial information, and financial literacy play a role in the access of institutional financial support by SMEs.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Bank Performance: A Co-integration Approach
Authors: Gartchie Gasti John , Ameyibor Joseph , Quansah Edward
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the short- and the long-run effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the performance of listed Ghanaian banks. An elongated balanced panel design with secondary data of 65 years’ bank observations spanning 2004 to 2016 was used for the study. A co-integration approach – Pooled Mean Group (PMG/Panel ARDL) – was used to examine the short- and the long-term effects of CSR on bank performance while controlling for bank variability, growth in interest income and bank size. The results were mixed. In the short term, it was found that CSR has positive but insignificant effect on bank performance (market-to-book value). In the long-term, however, CSR has significant negative effect on bank performance. Based on the findings, the study concludes that, in the long run, engaging in CSR reduces bank performance. Therefore, CSR needs to be carefully planned and implemented to serve as a boost to bank performance and not just regarded as an inconsequential addendum.
Understanding the Forms and Trends of Capital Mobility from China into Ghana’s Agricultural Sector
From Neo-liberalism to Social Innovation
Authors: Ansah John Windie , Afful Benedict Jnr.
Published: November 2020

Given the fact that China has become the top investor in Ghana’s economy, this paper sought to interrogate the forms and trends of Chinese capital mobility into Ghana’s agricultural sector and explain their attractiveness within neo-liberal and social innovation contexts. Primary and secondary data were drawn from purposively selected state institutions and other actors in the agricultural sector. Using descriptive and constant comparative analytic strategies, we found out that the capital mobility from China into Ghana’s agricultural sector has been very visible and more attractive in trade but not in landed investment. It was further discovered that the forms and trends of the Chinese capital mobility would not have to be understood within neo-liberal persuasions such as trade liberalization and privatization alone but it would also have to be understood within the social innovative contexts of technological advancement and the organizational novelties upon which it is promoted and spread. We argue that the increasing rate of importation of agricultural inputs from China is an opportunity for knowledge transfer and technological adoption to aid the development of appropriate technology, but its sustenance would require the application of social innovative practices.
Screening for Biological Activities of Spirogyra neglecta Water Extract
Authors: YOSBOONRUANG Atchariya , DUANGJAI Acharaporn , AMORMLERDPISON Doungporn , VIYOACH Jarupa
Published: November 2020

The freshwater green algae, S. neglecta, has been commonly used as a Northern Thai local food due to the fact that it is composed of several nutritional components. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical properties and biological activities of an S. neglecta water extract for application as a functional food or pharmaceutical ingredient. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of S. neglecta and its biological activities, including anti-oxidant, pancreatic cholesterol esterase, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities, were investigated in vitro. The results showed that the S. neglecta extract contained 157.92 mg GAE/g extract of phenolics and 10.10 mg CE/g extract of flavonoids. The radical scavenging activity of the S. neglecta extract exhibited an IC50 of 7.46±1.17 µg/mL from DPPH assay and 224.20±1.06 µg/mL from ABTS assay. Meanwhile, trolox exhibited an IC50 of 7.03±1.08 µg/mL from DPPH assay and 5.24±1.10 µg/mL from ATBS assay. Interestingly, the S. neglecta extract at 10 mg/mL inhibited pancreatic cholesterol esterase activity by 60 %. Moreover, the release of TNF-α from macrophages was strongly reduced by incubation with the S. neglecta extract in a dose-dependent manner, and all of the study concentrations were non-toxic to primary fibroblast cells. In addition, the S. neglecta extract inhibited some gram-positive and -negative bacteria. In summary, S. neglecta extract could possibly be used as a potential functional food or pharmaceutical ingredient, for which further studies are required.
Patterns of Association between Marine Sponges and the Associated Organisms: Case Study, Losin Island, Pattani, Thailand
Authors: DARUMAS Udomsak , PHASOMBUN Supaporn , PUTTAPREECHA Ratchanee
Published: November 2020

Ko Losin, the southernmost offshore islet in the Gulf of Thailand is one of the most naturally, less anthropogenic disturbed coral reefs in Thailand and the home of the major sessile organisms: corals and sponges. This study aims to investigate the natural patterns of association (interactions) between marine sponges and the associated organisms. The types of interaction were classified into 4 categories: Gap, Overgrown, Tissue contact, and Overgrow. The investigation focused on four genera of sponges: Chondrilla, Hyrtios, Cinachyrella, and Xestospongia. Chondrillid sponge showed the high frequency of inhabiting associated organisms. Some hermatypic corals such as Montiporian corals and Porites corals were highly proportioned to the associated organisms. The gap and overgrown interactions were recorded in this study.
Estimating Child Death from Perinatal Originating Conditions and Congenital Malformations in Thailand
Authors: PAUDEL Binita Kumari , LIM Apiradee , GURAGAN Arjun Mani , PAUDEL Jagadish
Published: November 2020

The objective of this study is to examine the correctness of reported causes of deaths in children and estimate deaths from perinatal originating conditions (ICD-10, chapter block P) and congenital malformations (ICD-10, chapter block Q) in Thailand. The subset of Thai deaths of children under 5 years old (149 from a total of 9964 deaths) in a 2005 Verbal Autopsy (VA) study was selected as a sample; the data from 1996 - 2009 were used as the target population for this study. Three different logistic regression models were conducted for 3 outcomes of interest: deaths from Perinatal Originating Conditions (POC), deaths from Congenital Malformations (CM) and from other causes including the effects of province, sex and the location of death. This study found no difference in the probability of dying from the POC and CM by sex and province. As expected, the study found significant differences in reporting the correct causes of death inside and outside the hospital. Nearly 90 % of deaths from both POC and CM that occurred in hospital were reported correctly. In contrast, only 60 and 70 %, of these causes of deaths that occurred outside hospital were reported correctly. The number of child deaths from POC in the 14 year period was estimated at 36,838 and from CM was estimated at 26,806. These estimations of deaths from POC are 1.49 times more and from CM are 2.18 times higher than the reported numbers.
A Computational Approach to Drug Discovery: Search for Chalcone Analogues as the Potential Candidates for Anti Colorectal Cancer (HT29)
Authors: FRIMAYANTI Neni , IKHTIARUDIN Ihsan , DONA Rahma , AGUSTINI Tiara Tri , MURDIYA Fri , ZAMRI Adel
Published: November 2020

A series of 46 chalcone derivative compounds with their inhibitory activity against colorectal cancer were used as data set for developing the quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR). 2D QSAR and 3D QSAR models have been developed with high predictive ability with r2 and r2(CV) of 0.81 and 0.78, respectively. Results from the 2D and 3D quantitative structure activity relationship models indicate that electrostatic parameter enhanced bioactivity of the chalcone derivatives. Further, docking and molecular dynamic simulation was performed using 2wft PDB ID as the molecular target of colon cancer. Based on the docking, molecular dynamic, and biological assay, it is confirmed that compound 2, cpd 4, cpd 21, cpd 23, cpd 27, cpd 32, cpd 38, and cpd 39 show better activity (active) against colorectal cancer cells.