bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIMPLE WORDS IN ANCIENT ARMENIAN LANGUAGE (GRABAR), COMBINING ADJECTIVE/NOUN MEANINGS
Authors: Harutyunyan Anahit
Published: July 2024

In grabar there are words with morphological meaning that is split between different parts of the speech. Combinations of more than one speech category represent those words. Those words are referred to as multiple-meaning words.
Morphologically polysemantic words in diachronic reality, in the synchronic aspect of the language, can equally combine more than one morphological meaning with the associated syntactic functions.
             Units belonging to different parts of speech, being in one group or another (noun, adjective, etc.), i.e. grouped according to some common semantic, morphological and syntactic features, nevertheless undergo changes to one degree or another in the course of the historical development of language, because language is a constantly developing phenomenon.
In this article, we examined the simple words in grabar, that combine the adjective/noun morphology, and acquired multiple meaning as a result of speech part transitions. Syntactic use of such terms expresses their morphological meanings.
According to syntactic application, an adjective becomes a noun when it receives a suffix and a declension and takes on the subject meaning of the complimentary word.
Frequent use of adjectives as nouns can split their basic partial meaning and undergo substantiation.
Particularly, adjectives that go with personal nouns are entrenched in the language as characteristic terms as well as personal nouns since they are used interchangeably.
Words that combine adjective/noun meanings are met in grabar grammar books under the term "medium". Due to their lexical features, these words express:

a) personality and personality characteristics,
b) personality and characteristics of the person and subject.
STUDY ON MUSHEGH GALSHOYAN'S "THIEF HERO" LEXICON
Authors: KHALATYAN GAYANE , AGHASYAN TAGUHI
Published: July 2024

In the article, we examined different layers of the vocabulary, which gave the vocabulary imagery and expressiveness, and we examined the above mentioned in the speech of the author and characters.

As a result of examining the vocabulary of the story, the features of the writer's language became clear to us. We noticed that in the author's speech we find not only words belonging to the literary layer, but also dialect words, with which he approaches the speech of the characters he created. 
In the story, the speech of the characters is dominated by words belonging to folk and dialect layers. Their stylistic manifestations contribute to the image system of the work being more impressive. 
Many words are borrowed from other languages ​​such as Persian, Georgian, Turkish, Assyrian, Arabic, etc. Many of them have been used in speech for a long time and have become assimilated into the language. Barbarisms were also used in the work. 
In order to personalize the speech of the heroes, the author tried to use various idioms in their language, which are the result of national thinking.
True applications of vocative cases and  interjections give great stylistic charges to the work and create a characteristic of time and space.
FROM THE HISTORY GRAMMATICAL STYLISTICS
Authors: BERBERYAN VALTER
Published: July 2024

It is customary to stop at a moment in the course of the development of linguistics and to summarize the achievements with an examination point of view. Armenian stylistic thought has been developing for more than half a century. Theoretical monographs, various articles have been written, and it is time to show a clear analytical attitude. Especially if we take into account the rapid development of stylistics and speech culture, then, we think, it is necessary to bring together the existing ones with certain assessments. Scientists examine phonetic, lexical, and grammatical stylistics separately. These fields are developing very quickly. It is necessary to constantly follow the achievements of world linguistics. Armenian stylistic thought should reflect the high level of global science of the time. Apart from this, it is important to present the history of our stylistic thought.
The article presents the history of grammatical stylistics (from the 1950s to the present day). Grammatical stylistics studies the stylistic possibilities of grammatical structures. The groups of morphological and syntactical stylistics are distinguished, each of which has an expression uniqueness. We have studied the works written morphological, syntactical stylistics, analyzed the provisions in various researches. The methodological basis is the combination and analysis of existing theoretical provisions.
NERSES SHNORHALI IN THE EVALUATION OF FRENCH AND FRENCH-SPEAKING FOREIGN ARMENOLOGISTS
Authors: DOLUKHANYAN AELITA
Published: July 2024

French and French-speaking foreign scholars studying Armenian medieval literature could not help but pay special attention to the literary heritage of Nerses Shnorhali. Firstly, the fame of Shnorhali went beyond the borders of both Cilician Armenia and Greater Armenia. Secondly, he was a prominent theologian, politician and chronicler who brought great innovations to Armenian literature. Certain types of Shnorhali’s works are closely related to early Renaissance thinking. As writes Frederic Feidy, the most prominent armenologist of the second half of the twentieth century, in the preface to the French translation of the complete collection of the epic David of Sasun, published in Paris in 1964, Shnorhali played a very important role in strengthening the Christian spirit among the Armenian people. Nerses Shnorhali, born three quarters of a century before François of Assises, became a proponent of the reform known as Gallicism.
            Shnorhali tried to bring Christianity closer to believing people. The result of his innovation was the lyrics, created in the language of the people, which was highly understandable to the broad masses of his time. Folk lyrics boldly entered Armenian literature.
            The founder of Armenian studies in France, A.-J. Saint-Martin paid great attention to the works of Nerses Shnorhali. According to his gifted student Marie Félicité Brosset, he planned to translate the works of Schnorhali. This plan did not come to fruition due to the untimely death of Saint-Martin.
Édouard Dulaurier gave a detailed reference to Shnorhali's historical verse work Epic Verses which included a French translation of the Lamentations on Edessa, written in 1145, in the huge book "Collection of Armenian Documents of the Historians of the Crusaders", with appropriate comments and annotations.
The Belgian French-speaking Armenologist Félix Nève, in his monumental work Christian Armenia and Its Literature, published in Louvain in 1886, devoted a separate section to the work of Nerses Shnorhali, also translating his hymns. Felix Nève's book most fully presents the personality and work of Shnorhali, emphasizing the innovative nature of his work.
            French armenologists spoke with admiration of the work of Nerses Shnorhali, emphasizing both his national and universal orientation.
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS OF EXISTENTIALISM AND PRESERVATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF ARMENIAN-AMERICAN LITERATURE OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: GALSTYAN NELLI
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the principles associated with the problems and issues of existential-philosophical and national preservation of the identity of the writers who formed the Armenian-American literature of the twentieth century. It also examines the cause-and-effect relationships and circumstances on the basis of which the Armenian-American literature was formed with its rich and meaningful literature. Amastegh, Vahe Hayk, Benjamin Nurikyan, Hakob Asaturyan, Aram Haykaz, Andranik Andreasyan, William Saroyan, Peter Suryan, Peter Najaryan, Jack Hashyan, Hakob Khachikyan, Levon-Zaven Surmelyan, David Khrdyan and others join the ranks of Armenian-American literature. Their life path was not easy. the remnants torn from their native places were subjected to a change in life, customs, friendly impulses, intellectual interests and worldview on foreign shores, which created a craving for a new society and a sharp polarization of reality among traditional and nationalist Armenians. Their efforts to preserve their national identity are invaluable. They put national self-consciousness, thinking, traditions and customs, language, historical memory, culture and mindset as the basis of national self-consciousness, image and personality. With their works they raised questions of their existential and philosophical existence throughout the world.
The declaration “I am a woman” in the autobiographical novel “The gardens of Silihtar” by Zapel Yesayan
Authors: Hambardzumyan Naira , Parsadanyan Siranush
Published: July 2024

The study examines the semantic ranges of the vocabulary of the autobiographical novel “The Gardens of Silihtar” by Western Armenian writer Zapel Yesayan. It also provides ways of interpreting the male-female problem.
The aim of the study is to analyze the declaration “I am a woman” in the semantic domain of the vocabulary that determines the phenomenon of femininity. This is realized in the chain of verbal-semantic open subcategories of unconsciousness.
The problem of the study is to present the explicit manifestations of the expression of the feminine, including the autonomies and affiliations, which are realized in the semantic domain of the declaration I am a woman as a phenomenon, through highlighting the main lexical-semantic subcategories of the language. The direct form of expression of linguistic features, which is realized in the novel “The Gardens of Silihtar” via verbal-semantic subcategories, is summarized in the subcategories - family, home, friends (collectively), children's toys, nationality, religion, gender, education, residence, of the novel, and contains - woman, girl, maiden, virgin, lady, grandmother, mother, aunt, cousin, with feminine energy, so their relationship with the feminine is based on logical and sensual links. The linguistic means identified in this type of autobiographical text serve to emphasize the fact that the writer identifies herself with the female gender and self-constitutes.
For Yesayan, literature is a way to overcome boundaries. And in that reality, her position sounds more radical, although the war with women in society continues by other means, more directly, with the expression I am a woman, on the tongue.
Armenian-Russian cooperation in the formation of a security system in the Caucasus
Authors: Tigranyan Misak
Published: July 2024

One of the most important factors determining the current state and trends in the development of Armenian-Russian relations is the objective interest of both states in creating an atmosphere of peace and stability in the region, creating an effective system of regional security, formed on the basis of a comprehensive consideration of the interests of all interested parts, and launching mechanism for mutually beneficial cooperation. The contradictory approaches to this issue of regional and extra-regional forces significantly weaken both the overall stability in the region and the security of individual countries. In this regard, the Armenian-Russian strategic partnership reflects not only the desire to provide adequate responses to threats emanating from regional processes, but in general can be a vivid example of effective interstate cooperation as the basis for a future regional security system designed to establish strong stability and promote full development. South Caucasus.
The most significant factor that will determine the effectiveness of the Armenian-Russian interstate cooperation, including within the framework of the formation of unified, joint Armenian-Russian approaches to the problems of ensuring regional security and cooperation, is the unsettledness of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The prospects for maintaining and strengthening Russian positions in the region as a whole will largely depend on the extent to which Russia is ready to abandon the "instant gain" strategy in its regional policy and be guided by long-term interests. It is precisely these interests that an early, final and comprehensive settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict serves.
Factors influencing millennial employees’ turnover intention in multinational corporations in Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Tan Shin Jing , Wider Walton , Jiang Leilei , Udang Lester Naces , Sam Toong Hai , Tanucan Jem Cloyd M.
Published: July 2024

This quantitative study explores the influence of organizational culture on the turnover intentions of millennial employees within multinational corporations (MNCs) in Penang, Malaysia. As millennials increasingly comprise a substantial portion of the workforce, their turnover rates have significant implications for organizational efficacy. The research examined the relationship between key elements of organizational culture—namely employee empowerment, work-life balance, and reward systems—and millennials’ decisions to stay with or leave their employers. Data were gathered through a questionnaire distributed to 183 millennial employees in the Penang MNC sector, employing a random sampling approach and utilizing Google Forms for submission. The survey instruments were based on established scales from prior research to ensure robustness and relevance. The findings indicate that all the studied variables significantly affect turnover intentions, with employee empowerment emerging as the strongest predictor, followed by work-life balance, and then reward systems. These results underscore the critical role of organizational culture in shaping millennial turnover intentions. The study’s insights can guide MNCs in Penang to implement strategic initiatives aimed at fostering a positive work environment that emphasizes empowerment, balance, and appropriate rewards, thereby enhancing employee retention within this pivotal demographic. While this study provides detailed insights specific to the Malaysian context, its findings may serve as a preliminary reference point for MNCs in similar regional contexts, suggesting further research to explore the applicability of these insights globally.
Linking responsible leadership and sustainable performance through the mediation of maintenance management implementation and agile organization
Authors: Dharmawan Gregorius Setyadhi Budhi , Zainal Veithzal Rivai , Nurhayati Mafizatun , Suprapto Suprapto
Published: July 2024

Under the concept of independent maintenance proposed by the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) for operational equipment, a thorough analysis of its management processes is necessary. Leadership involvement at various levels can affect maintenance outcomes, impacting sustainability. This research creates a thinking model that connects responsible leadership (RL) with sustainable performance (SP) through agile organization (AO) mediation and maintenance management implementation (MMI) in the management of leading operations equipment. The method used was a survey of 366 respondents who were BMKG employees, and explanatory analysis was analyzed based on descriptive statistical analysis using SmartPLS. The research results show that the third hypothesis proposed is acceptable, and the two mediator variables are partial mediation. The discussion of the study results shows some theoretical and practical implications for achieving the goals of SP, where organizations should encourage RL behavior that can implement current practices regarding AO and MMI. The test results show that AO and MMI have a significant role as mediators in encouraging the influence of RL on SP. This study is the first step in examining the relationship of RL to SP using AO and MMI mediation. Furthermore, this model can be developed and analyzed in other sectors or fields to increase knowledge.
Structure of Aspen Forests of Zakamje of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Гарипов Р. , Пуряев С.
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты исследований, отражающие характер распределения осинников Закамья Республики Татарстан по типам лесорастительных условий, возрасту, запасу стволовой древесины, классам бонитета и полноте

The article focuses on the low forest cover of the Republic of Tatarstan, the need to maintain a regional forest resource base, the prospects for increasing the economic potential of forests without compromising their environmental functions. As one of the ways to achieve this goal, the prospects of increasing the productivity of the aspen formations of the Republic of Tatarstan through their reconstruction are considered. For the subsequent development of a complex of forestry measures for qualitative improvement of aspen trees, it is proposed to study the structural organization of the aspen. In this case, the example of the physical and geographical region of Zakamye of the Republic of Tatarstan. The specificity of this work is that the study of the area of the aspen propagation of Zakamye of the Republic of Tatarstan, the accumulation of the timber stock, the characteristics by class of bonitet and relative completeness – was carried out in the context of types of forest conditions by age groups. As a result, an informative set of data on the age structure of the aspen formations of Zakamye of the Republic of Tatarstan, the features of their localization in various types of forest habitat conditions, the laws of accumulation of wood volume was obtained. In the context of the types of forest growing conditions and groups of ages, characteristics of aspen plantations according to bonitet classes and relative completeness are given. The obtained information serves as a good information base for development of scientific and production solutions aimed at improving the ecological and resource potential of forests and, in particular, aspen formations of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Illegal Logging: the International Political Context
Authors: Мартынюк А. , Кузьмичев Е. , Трушина И.
Published: July 2024

Акцент международного внимания к лесным проблемам сместился от контроля за соблюдением устойчивости управления лесами к режиму законности. В статье представлен краткий обзор по организации и совершенствованию системы противодействия незаконным рубкам и правового регулирования в этой сфере, а также о тенденциях в мировой торговле древесиной и изделиями из нее. Рассмотрена регламентация использования лесов в странах производителях и потребителях древесины, а также содержание понятия и классификация незаконных рубок в разных странах.

The paper covers international aspects of illegal forest use and related trade of timber and its products. To buildup domestic forest and paper products positions at world markets there should be a consistent and confident for market stakeholders assessment procedure of forest products and legal activities compatibility. The paper highlights findings of world timber trade trend analysis, review of forest use regulation in timber producing and exporting states, comparison of illegal logging concept and evidence classification in various states. International focus on forest problems shifted from sustainability performance control to law enforcement mode in forest sector. It is stressed that legitimacy is a new powerful concept in forest management. A new trend of range of states involved in forest sector legitimacy arrangement and development extension is stressed. Global legitimacy impacts mainly depend on political responses to new trade and global production regulation tools in Russia, China and Brazil. In foreign literature there is a distinct trend world division based on forest logging legality into global «north-south» developed importing countries with «sensitive» markets and timber and its product exporting countries usually located in south polar regions. It is pointed out that illegal logging data in «north» countries in special literature practically is not available. Feasible legitimacy unfourable impacts are forest product output growth at small uncontrolled facilities; rise of government motivations to release law burden regulating forest use; disturbance of established supply chains. 3 timber legality acts in the USA, EU and Australia don't accept FSC and PEFS certificates as a proof of timber legal background. Trade data statistics shows no changes as a result of the adopted Euro-regulation over the last 3 years.
Influence of sterilization methods and types of blue honeysuckle explants on their viability under in vitro conditions
Authors: Макаров С , Кузнецова И. , Смирнов В.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследований по изучению эффективности различных стерилизаторов при введении эксплантов жимолости синей в культуру in vitrо, а также жизнеспособности меристем, изолированных из различных побегов и почек следующих сортов Loniceria ceruleae L.: Андерма, Берель, Голубое веретено, Длинноплодная, Морена, Нимфа, Роксана. Изолированные почки культивировали на питательной среде, содержащей минеральные соли и витамины по прописи Мурасиге – Скуга.

The article presents the results of studies on the efficacy of various sterilizers with the introduction of blue honeysuckle explants into the culture in vitro, as well as the viability of meristems isolated from various shoots and buds of 7 varieties of Loniceria ceruleae L.: Anderma, Berel, Blue Spindle, Longfruit, Morena, Nymph, Roxanne. Isolated buds cultured on the MS culture medium containing mineral salts and vitamins. The greatest sterilizing effect (100%) is a solution of Sinergetic bleach in dilution with water 1: 1 (15 min exposure) and 0,1% solution of mercuric chloride (exposure 5 min), where as the efficiency of kidney sterilization with detergents "Belizna" and "Domestos" with dilution with water 1: 5 and exposure 15 min is significantly lower (53% and 63% respectively). The viability of meristems in vitro depends on the initial fragment of the plant and the location of the kidneys on it. Meristems of sterile green cuttings characterized by a higher survival rate in culture in vitro (64–85 %) than from lignified shoots (30–59%). A higher viability of meristem from axillary buds is noted in sterile green cuttings (81,3 %), from apical – in lignified shoots (55,3%). The viability of similar types of explants in vitro depending on the variety varies insignificantly (78–85%).
Position of Russian Research Institute for forest genetics, breeding and biotechnology in federal Forestry Agency
Authors: Корчагин О.М. , Кострикин В.А. , Семёнов М.А. , Синицын А.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены основные направления научных исследований Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института лесной генетики, селекции и биотехнологии.

Since 1975 VNIILGISbiotek (former NIILGIS) coordinated research in forest genetics, breeding, seed production and introduction conducted at national sectoral, academic and high education institutions. In 2013 the institute was reformed from unitary into budgetary pattern meanwhile the most urgent activity areas such as forest biotechnology was extended. The paper highlights key achievements of the institute since its establishment as well as promising research areas.  Unique experience and expertise ensure development of the Russian Research Institute for forest genetics, breeding and biotechnology in current situation and enable choice of the most promising direction to implement its research potential.
Improvement of the methodology for the transport infrastructure assessment in the system economic revenue assessment of woody forest resources
Authors: Чумаченко С.И. , Каракчиева И.В.
Published: July 2024

Приведен разработанный авторами алгоритм анализа транспортной инфраструктуры, основанный на данных ГИС, который позволяет не только актуализировать исходные и расчетные показатели, но и сформировать стратегию проектного управления исходя из зон экономических интересов всех участников лесных отношений.

The article is devoted to the description of key areas for improving the methodology for assessing the transport infrastructure of the forest area. The paper presents a step-by-step algorithm for calculating and determining the basic elements of the transport infrastructure analysis of the forest area. Within the framework of the developed approach, the necessity to switch from the calculation of charge rates based on measuring distances to the direct calculation of the costs of delivering wood logs from the logging site to the customer's storage (woodworking enterprises) is substantiated by replacing the approach by «distance» in determining the charge rates to the approach by «cost» of round wood delivery. Analyzing the domestic system of economic evaluation of wood forest resources, the authors provide arguments about the inconsistency of the operating system, showing its key shortcomings. The basis of the presented research results is the model of analysis of the transport component in the system of assessing the economic revenue of woody forest resources. The key element of the model is a step-by-step algorithm for calculating the basic elements of analysis of the forest area transport infrastructure. The article presents a comparison of the current methodical approach for determining the charge rates and the approach proposed by the authors on the example of a forest plot. The proposed approach was successfully tested in three state forest enterprises, different in natural and resource, production and technological, and market conditions, located in the Novgorod, Kirov and Krasnoyarsk regions. An approach was developed to assess the transport accessibility of forest areas as a tool for economic planning and forest management. Authors connect improvment of the forest management effectiveness with the need for environmental and economic justification for the efficiency of clear and selective cutting. Developed by the authors step-by-step algorithm for analyzing the transport infrastructure of the forest area, forms the validity of the determination not only the starting prices for auctions on forest plots leasing contracts and buying and selling of standing forest, but also to determine the differentiated payment for wood resources of the forest in the long-term lease of forest fund plots.
Estimation of Growth Variability in Different Forms Scots Pine in Conditions of Constant Overwetting of Soils in the Middle Taiga
Authors: Пинаевская Е.А. , Тарханов С.Н.
Published: July 2024

Получены данные по морфоструктурным особенностям роста разных форм среднетаежной популяции сосны обыкновенной на болотных верховых торфяных почвах. Установлены различия по морфометрическим показателям и радиальному приросту между «обычной» и «болотной» формой сосны. Выявлено, что в сосняках кустарничково-сфагновых средней тайги сосна «болотной» формы уступает «обычной» по морфометрическим параметрам вегетативной (в 1,2–2 раза) и генеративной (на 9–34%) сфер, радиальному приросту (в 1,9 раза).

Pine is the main forest-forming species in the European North of Russia. It represents a complex polymorphic species and differs within the limits of one population according to morphological forms. Radial growth is a universal indicator of tree growth, plantation productivity, an important taxation parameter and an indicator of the state of the environment. Two pine forms are distinguished in the shrub-sphagnum pine forests according to the habitus of the crown: «normal» and «swamp». The «swamp» form differs from the trees of the «normal» pine by a strong lag in growth and acquires in most cases an ugly appearance. Studies of the growth of different forms of pine were carried out in the middle taiga of the Arkhangelsk region. The laying of trial plots is carried out by the standards accepted in the forest management practice, forestry and taxation characteristics of the plantations are carried out by the generally accepted methods. Processing of wood core is performed by dendrochronological methods. The analysis of growth of the «normal» and «swamp» forms of pine in the conditions of constant overwetting of soils in the middle taiga is carried out in the article in terms of the main morphometric parameters. It is established that in the «swamp» form at the age of 150–160 years, the average values of the morphometric parameters of the trunk, crown and cones are lower than in the «normal» pine. Significant differences in mean values of radial growth were revealed in tree-ring rows in different forms of pine.
Krasnoyarsk Cluster of Forest Science – New Stage of Development
Authors: Котельников Р.В. , Верховец С.В. , Агеев А.А.
Published: July 2024

Приведен пример формирования научного кластера, который может стать основой развития лесного хозяйства Красноярского края. Проанализированы сложившиеся экономикогеографические иисторические предпосылки образования научного кластера с учетом назревшей потребности в восстановлении связи между практикой и наукой с целью решения приоритетных вопросов в лесном хозяйстве, в первую очередь, для организации охраны лесов от пожаров. Оценено преимущество межорганизационного и междисциплинарного подхода в выполнении совместных научных проектов.

The interaction between scientific organizations for the joint solution of scientific and practical problems in the interests of forestry is considered. Over the past few years, the scientific potential in the forestry sector has increased in the region, firstly, due to the emergence of a branch of the AllRussian Research Institute of Forestry, whose task is to fill the gap between the scientific and practical environment, and secondly, the emergence of the base university Krasnoyarsk Territory, which included two main sectoral areas of priority for the region, is the space industry and the forest industry 1. Today in forestry there are many unsolved problems, where one of the main ones can be called with certainty protecting forests from fires 2, 3. The implementation of this and other tasks will be the development of a new approach in their solution. This approach consists in the formation of an interorganizational interaction format involving scientific organizations from other spheres of science, thereby creating an interdisciplinary working environment 4. The result of this interaction will be a comprehensive solution to existing problems using not only classical silvicultural approaches, but also the latest technical means, which are advanced digital and space technologies concentrated in the base university. As well as the advantage of this approach will be the final research product, which will already be adapted and prepared for introduction into practice, which will be provided by the functionality of the established branch of the institute that performs applied research in the interests of forestry. The past significant strengthening of the academic and university forest science in the Krasnoyarsk Territory at the expense of the applied one will make it possible to fully solve problems of a different nature arising in forestry.
Reforestationon South-East Sands Russia: Modern Problems and Challenges
Authors: Турчина Т.А.
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты лесовосстановительных мероприятий на песчаных почвах юга России (Ростовская, Волгоградская области) в 2008 2017 гг. Рассмотрен комплекс факторов, обусловливающих низкую эффективность искусственного лесовосстановления, оценены риски использования современной нормативной базы и предложены меры по их минимизации.

The author analyzed results of actions for artificial regeneration on sands and sandy soils in steppe zone of the European part of Russia. The low performance of regeneration is stated: for the 10year period (2008 2017) more than 50 of the created plantings died. The list and the analysis of factors of plantings low survival on sands is provided in article. According to the author, it is caused by the reasons of climatic, ecological, technological, organizational and financial character. Them are: heavy weather during creation and in the first years of growth of forest cultures discrepancy of forest vegetation conditions on sites of regeneration to ecological requirements of the grownup woody plants lack of the ecological differentiated technologies of regeneration use of the equipment with high share of physical wear ecological discrepancy of separate technological operations ignoring of level of mutual influence of tree species during creation of the mixed cultures use of not certified planting stock lack of longterm planning of regeneration, data bank of the areas needing regeneration and to reforestation. On the basis of the analysis of Forest plans of the Russian Federation subjects for 2019 2028, the author comes to conclusion that during their action of cardinal improvement of situation will not occur. Result of the conducted research were recommendations of the author about increase in efficiency of artificial regeneration and reforestation. The following measures are proposed: implementation of soil and ecological mapping of the territory of forest district for the purpose of definition of forest suitability soils and species diversity of the grownup plants, including on perspective definition of locations where recovery of plantings can be provided due to carrying out measures of assistance to natural regeneration development of ecologically differentiated types of forest cultures formation of system of the state order at cultivation of planting stock inspection of not forest lands of forest resources for the purpose of definition of their suitability for cultivation of antierosion plantings, establishments of priority of purpose of sites for reforestation modification of forest plans of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation regarding design of reforestation on not forest lands of forest resources.
Creation of New Varieties of Forest Berry Plants and Prospects of their Intensive Reproduction (in vitro)
Authors: Коренев И.А. , Тяк Г.В. , Макаров С.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены данные исследований по интродукции и селекции новых для культивирования в России видов ягодных растений (клюквы крупноплодной, клюквы болотной, брусники обыкновенной, голубики топяной, голубики узколистной, княженики арктической и морошки приземистой). На Центральноевропейской ЛОС созданы высокопродуктивные сорта и формы данных видов для выращивания на плантациях, отработаны методики их клонального микроразмножения. Представлены результаты апробации работ в условиях Костромской, Кировской, Архангельской, Ярославской областей, ХантыМансийского автономного округа.

Research findings to introduce and breed for cultivation in Russia berry plant species (America cranberry, European cranberry, cowberry, swamp blueberry, lowbush blueberry, Arctic raspberry and mountain raspberry). High productive brands and types of these species for plantation production have been developed. Procedures for forest berry crop clonal micropropagation based on biotechnical methods have been developed. Impacts of various phytohormones of auxin and cytokinin group at all stages of in viro propagation have been studied. It is outlined that available 2 stages shooting with growth stimulator application is specifics of forest berry crop clonal propagation. Optimal number of passages to propagate plants using cell and tissue cultures.
Long-Term Environmental Studies in the Tellerman Experimental Forestry of the Institute of Forest Science Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Рубцов В.В. , Уткина И.А. , Каплина Н.Ф. , Колганихина Г.Б. , Молчанов А.Г. , Мучник Е.Э. , Стороженко В.Г. , Чеботарёва В.В. , Чеботарёв П.А.
Published: July 2024

Приведены краткая история создания Теллермановского опытного лесничества филиала Института лесоведения РАН, обзор основных направлений научных исследований, выполненных здесь со времени создания (1944 г.) по настоящее время. Идеологическая основа выполненных работ комплексность и биогеоценологический подход, сформулированный академиком В. Н. Сукачевым.

A brief history of the creation of the Tellerman Experimental Forestry of the Institute of Forest Science Russian Academy of Sciences, an overview of the main branches of scientific research carried out in it since its development (1944) to the present are given. The main stages of scientific research in Tellerman forestry are characterized. The hydrology of the massif and the water regime of forest plantations, the environment-forming role of the forest were studied, the phytomass reserves, mineral composition, productivity, energy balance of biogeocenoses were determined, and a series of silvicultural experiments was performed. A comprehensive study of biogeocenoses also included investigations of root systems, phenological, geobotanical, zoological, microbiological, phytopathological and mycological studies. Currently, much attention is paid to the problem of studying the adaptation of oak forests to unfavorable external factors, including ongoing changes in the climatic situation and an increase of anthropogenic pressure, learning how to form and sustainably develop forest phytocenoses ensuring the preservation and enhancement of the social and protective role of forests, organizing long-term monitoring. and protection of forest-steppe oak forests. The results of 60-year experiments on the effect of thinning on the stability and productivity of oak forests have been summed up. The dynamics and causes of oak forests degradation occurring in the forest-steppe zone, where there is a gradual replacement of oak by much less valuable tree species, primarily ash, linden, maples, are studied. This negative trend may be stopped only by the rational management of forestry and the timely creation of oak forest cultures. The peculiarities of biocenotic relationships of phytophagous insects with host plants in modern environmental conditions are analyzed. Along with other areas of scientific activity in in forestry, a complete inventory of the diversity of dendrotrophic mycobiota and phytopathological monitoring of forest ecosystems are becoming important in the modern period. The continuation of lichenological studies on the territory of forest is planned in several directions, including the further study of the diversity of lichen biota, features of the substrate and cenotic distribution.
To the question of organization of state radioecological monitoring in forests contaminated radionuclide
Authors: Белов А.А. , Раздайводин А.Н. , Радин А.И.
Published: July 2024

Проанализировано нормативно-правовое обеспечение охраны лесов от загрязнения радиоактивными веществами иорганизации лесохозяйственной деятельности влесах, загрязненных радионуклидами. Рассмотрены возможности совершенствования системы профилактических иреабилитационных мероприятий взонах радиоактивного загрязнения лесов ипрогнозирования динамики радиационной обстановки вних.

Ensuring radiation and fire safety in forests contaminated with radionuclides, restoration of the ecological and socio-economic value of these forestscan be made based oncarrying out aspecial complex of protective measures. Asolutiontothisproblemcanbeachieved only by amending and supplementing the Forest Code of the Russian Federation that will be legalized this kind of activities in the form ofstateradioecological monitoring as the part of state environmental monitoring. Two main componentscan be organizationally highlighted: - radiation surveys of forest fundin order to determine and (or) clarify areas of radiation contamination of territories and to establish the appropriate regime of forestry activities - radioecological monitoring at forest stationary sitestracking dynamics of specific activity of radionuclides within forest ecosystemsto predict the dynamics of the radiation situation in forests. In the process of forestry activitieshave aplace to be two independent eventsin the field of forest and forest productsfrom radioactive contamination: - radiation control of radionuclide content in forest resources in the forest areas allocated for economic usein order to compare actual performancewith standard indicatorsand to determine the possibility of obtaining regulatory clean products - radiation control of non-timber forest products and wild forest food resources in order to compare actual performancewith standard indicatorsfor obtaining standard-net products of secondary use. In order to improve the regulatory framework for the implementation of preventive and rehabilitation measures, it seems appropriate to secure at the legislative level the status of the radiation monitoring service in the forests of the Russian Federation to radiological laboratories subordinated to the Federal Agency for Forestry. Radioecology researchprovide accurate and relevant informationto improve the methodological support of workon production monitoring anddevelop scientifically based recommendations on the regime of forestry in that forests. The implementation of aset of measures for the state radio-ecological monitoring of forests will be areliable basis for ensuring the radiation safety of forestry workers and the public, and obtaining regulatory forest products in forests contaminated with radionuclides.
The Boreal Forest of Russia: Opportunities for the Effects of Climate Change Mitigatiоn
Authors: Филипчук А.Н. , Малышева Н.В. , Золина Т.А. , Югов А.Н.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрена роль бореальных лесов всмягчении изменения климата. Сучетом знаний обореальных лесах России иданных отраслевой статистической отчетности выполнена оценка поглощения, потерь ибаланса углерода. Выявлен намного более высокий потенциал бореальных лесов всмягчении изменения климата, чем считалось ранее. Впервые рассчитаны объемы поглощения, потерь ибаланса углерода вбореальных лесах России ипроанализирована их динамика за длительный период времени. Предлагаемые авторами способы расчета баланса углерода влесах позволят повысить достоверность оценок по сектору, включающему лесное хозяйство, вотчетности Российской Федерации для Рамочной конвенции ООН об изменении климата.

The article discusses the role of boreal forests in mitigating climate change. Taking into account knowledge about boreal forests in Russia and data of sectoral statistical reporting the estimation of carbon sequestration, emission and balance is made. The potential of boreal forests for climate change mitigation is much higher than previously thought. For the first time carbon sequestration, emission and balance in boreal forests of Russia are calculated and their dynamics for along period of time are analyzed. The methods proposed by the authors to calculate the carbon balance in forests will improve the reliability of estimates for the sector, which includes forestry, in the reporting of the Russian Federation to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Problems оf Preservation of Wooden Plants in Period OF Typhoons in the of Vietnam’s cities
Authors: Чу Х.М. , Голосова Е.В.
Published: July 2024

Городское зеленое хозяйство Вьетнама несет большие потери врезультате падений иповреждения деревьев во время тайфунов, которые всреднем случаются 56 раз вгод. Исследования показали, что наиболее опасными вданном случае являются посадки пород деревьев, наиболее часто используемых возеленении. Предложено пересмотреть видовой состав древесных насаждений, используемых вгородском озеленении, атакже методы их посадки.

The tropical climate of Vietnam is characterized by the passage through the country of typhoons, which cause great damage to urban economy. In the period 19512013 years Vietnam has fallen 327 of typhoons, with an average of 56 per year. In 2018, 9 typhoons affecting Vietnam were recorded, causing nearly half abillion us dollars in damage and killing 70 people. One of the problems of Vietnams cities is damage to trees during typhoons. Root systems are often unable to keep trees in the soil under strong wind loads. When falling trees damaged cars, electric cables, destroyed houses and pavement, there are human casualties. About 300 species of plants are currently used for greening the cities of Vietnam. 10 of this composition is grown in large quantities and form the basis of urban tree plantations. The article analyzes the causes of falling and breaking of trees, highlighted the most dangerous species. According to the authors observations the most dangerous are just the most common in urban landscaping species. Four main causes of windfall and windbreak, which are associated with the ecology of species, planting methods and features of urban development, are considered. The paper discusses the need to remove anumber of dangerous tree species from the greening system and conduct acomprehensive study of the greening of cities exposed to the destructive action of typhoons, as well as the development of common standards for the selection of species composition and planting methods.
Optimization of Hunting Animal Populations in Krasnodar Region
Authors: Примаков Н.В.
Published: July 2024

Добыча охотничьих животных оказывает существенное влияние на экосистемы, сокращая биологическое разнообразие, изменяя структуру популяций животных. Регулирование численности охотничьих животных является важной экологической задачей охотхозяйства. В статье рассмотрена динамика численности популяций охотничьей фауны Краснодарского края за 2007–2016 гг. Предложен алгоритм регулирования количества промысловых (охотничьих) животных.

Abstract. Hunting animals has a serious impact on ecosystems, reducing biodiversity, changing the structure of animal populations. Regulation of the number of hunting animals is an important environmental task of hunting, and hence the forest, rural and water. The aim of the presented work is to develop approaches aimed at regulating the number of populations of commercial (hunting) animals of Krasnodar region, as well as improving the management system of hunting resources and sustainable development of territories of hunting grounds. The number of animals in hunting farms is a Central indicator on the basis of which the management of hunting resources. In the course of such management, the monitoring of hunting fauna is carried out, the accounting indicators of animal populations are correlated with the optimal ones in accordance with the possibility of their ecological existence in the territory unit. The article presents the change in the populations of the hunting fauna of the Krasnodar region during the period under review. The algorithm of regulation of quantity of trade (hunting animals) is offered. Calculations are made according to generally accepted methods and recommendations of the number and density of hunting animals. As a result of the made calculations and the analysis of number of hunting animals in hunting grounds of Krasnodar Krai discrepancies of the actual and optimum number were revealed. In order to optimize the number of hunting animals and ensure sustainable development of hunting grounds, measures have been developed to bring the number of species of hunting fauna to the optimum. For this purpose it is necessary to carry out biotechnical measures for populations of red deer, ROE deer, wild boar and Fox. It is also necessary to contain the growth of the number of jackals, due to the fact that this animal harms agriculture and hunting.