bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Benzoyl Peroxide as an Efficient Dopant for Spiro‐OMeTAD in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Qiuju , Fan Lisheng , Zhang Qin'e , Zhou An'an , Wang Baozeng , Bai Hua , Tian Qingyong , Fan Bin , Zhang Tongyi
Published: June 2017

Although organic small molecule spiro‐OMeTAD is widely used as a hole‐transport material in perovskite solar cells, its limited electric conductivity poses a bottleneck in the efficiency improvement of perovskite solar cells. Here, a low‐cost and easy‐fabrication technique is developed to enhance the conductivity and hole‐extraction ability of spiro‐OMeTAD by doping it with commercially available benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The experimental results show that the conductivity increases several orders of magnitude, from 6.2×10−6 S cm−1 for the pristine spiro‐OMeTAD to 1.1×10−3 S cm−1 at 5 % BPO doping and to 2.4×10−2 S cm−1 at 15 % BPO doping, which considerably outperform the conductivity of 4.62×10−4 S cm−1 for the currently used oxygen‐doped spiro‐OMeTAD. The fluorescence spectra suggest that the BPO‐doped spiro‐OMeTAD–OMeTAD layer is able to efficiently extract holes from CH3NH3PbI3 and thus greatly enhances the charge transfer. The BPO‐doped spiro‐OMeTAD is used in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells, which exhibit enhancement in the power conversion efficiency.
Flaxseed oil stabilization using natural and synthetic antioxidants
Authors: Shadyro Oleg I. , Sosnovskaya Anna A. , Edimecheva Irina P.
Published: June 2017

The aim of this work was to identify effective and safe antioxidants (AO) for stabilization of flaxseed oil and extension of its shelf life. A number of AO (both synthetic and natural ones) as well as their compositions are currently used for inhibiting oxidation processes. Their efficacy in flaxseed oil under conditions of accelerated oxidation at 100°С was tested. The fat‐soluble ascorbic acid esters displayed significant antioxidant activity. The stabilizing effect of ascorbyl palmitate (AP) was more apparent in the oil samples with higher alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) content and lower oxidation resistance. AP alone ensured better stabilization efficacy than some known AP‐based compositions. Kinetic data were obtained characterizing accumulation of primary and secondary oxidation products in flaxseed oil added with AP during the storage at room temperature and with free access of the air. The calculated values of stabilization factor (3.7 and >6 at AP concentrations of 0.01 and 0.02%, respectively) demonstrated high inhibiting activity of AP under these conditions. It has also been found that haricot and soy beans, as well as compositions thereof, at an oil concentration of 0.8% effectively inhibit the oxidation and oxidative destruction of flaxseed oil lipids. Both AP and vegetable compositions based on legume seeds could be recommended for effective stabilization of flaxseed oil and substantial prolongation of its shelf life.

Practical application: High antioxidant activity in flaxseed oil of fat‐soluble esters of ascorbic acid, as well as vegetable stabilizers based on haricot and soy beans, enables significant increase of the shelf life of the oil. The use of AP alone and legume based stabilizers ensure reliable and safe protection of flaxseed oil from oxidation, and these both methods are applicable to industrial production of edible flaxseed oil and the products on its basis. The corresponding technological methods of practical application of AP and vegetable legume‐based stabilizers in industrial production of oxidation‐resistant edible flaxseed oil have already been developed and introduced into oil production process by the authors of this article.

Additive stabilizers based on bean and soybeans effectively inhibit the oxidation and oxidative destruction of flaxseed oil lipids. High antioxidant activity in flaxseed oil of vegetable stabilizers enables significant increase of the shelf life of the oil. The use of legume based stabilizers ensure reliable and safe protection of flaxseed oil from oxidation, and this method is applicable to industrial production of edible flaxseed oil and the products on its basis.
Selective Determination of Copper (II) Based on Aluminum Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Wu Y. L. , Bai F. , Yang T. , Chen J. H. , Su L. , Hou X. M.
Published: June 2017

The morphology and structure of as‐prepared aluminum silicon carbide (Al4SiC4) were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV‐vis spectra. The Al4SiC4 nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was further investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on this, this kind of new electrode was used for the detection of trace Cu2+ by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) for the first time. The electrochemical parameters influencing on deposition and stripping of metal ions, such as supporting electrolytes, pH value, deposition potential and deposition time, were also optimized. The results showed that the Al4SiC4 modified GCE exhibited excellent stripping response of Cu2+ and the stripping peaks response increased linearly with increasing concentration of Cu2+ in the ranges of 400 to 2200 nM. Under the optimized conditions the favorable sensitivity of the Al4SiC4 modified GCE toward trace Cu2+ was 1.49 μA μM−1 and the limit of detection (S/N=3) was estimated to be 2.76 nM. More importantly, Al4SiC4 modified GCE had an excellent stability and negligible interference from other coexisting metal ions in the electrochemical determination of Cu2+.
Simultaneous Determination of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+and Cl−in Unstimulated and Stimulated Human Saliva Using All Solid State Multisensor Platform
Authors: Urbanowicz Marcin , Jasiński Artur , Jasińska Małgorzata , Drucis Kamil , Ekman Marcin , Szarmach Arkadiusz , Suchodolski Rafał , Pomećko Radosław , Bocheńska Maria
Published: June 2017

Human saliva is one of the body fluids which collection method is relatively simple and non‐invasive. The article is dedicated to assess concentration (activity) of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+and Cl−in fresh, unstimulated or stimulated human saliva samples using single solid contact ion‐selective electrodes with conventional reference electrode and self‐made multisensor platform (MP) equipped with ion‐selective membranes for Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+and Cl−and reference electrode made in solid state technology, based on dispersed KCl in the polymer. Both kind of electrodes, single ISE and miniaturized electrodes in multisensor platform (ISE‐MP) were made of glassy carbon. The electrode surfaces have been modified by conductive polymer (PEDOT) layer deposition; with the exception of Cl−electrode, in which conducting polymer was not applied. Potentiometric measurements were used to compare the changes of the ionic composition in various samples of saliva.
Palliative care access for hospitalized patients with end‐stage liver disease across the United States
Authors: Rush Barret , Walley Keith R. , Celi Leo A. , Rajoriya Neil , Brahmania Mayur
Published: June 2017

Patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) often have a high symptom burden. Historically, palliative care (PC) services have been underused in this population. We investigated the use of PC services in patients with ESLD hospitalized across the United States. We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to conduct a retrospective nationwide cohort analysis. All patients >18 years of age admitted with ESLD, defined as those with at least two liver decompensation events, were included in the analysis. A multivariate logistic regression model predicting referral to PC was created. We analyzed 55,208,382 hospitalizations from the 2006‐2012 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, with 39,349 (0.07%) patients meeting study inclusion. PC consultation was performed in 1,789 (4.5%) ESLD patients. The rate of PC referral in ESLD increased from 0.97% in 2006 to 7.1% in 2012 (P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with lower referral to PC were Hispanic race (odds ratio [OR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66‐0.89; P < 0.01) and insurance coverage (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65‐0.84; P < 0.01). Factors associated with increased referral to PC were age (per 5‐year increase, OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.08; P < 0.01), do‐not‐resuscitate status (OR, 16.24; 95% CI, 14.20‐18.56; P < 0.01), treatment in a teaching hospital (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.12‐1.39; P < 0.01), presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.71‐2.33; P < 0.01), and presence of metastatic cancer (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.80‐3.18; P < 0.01). PC referral was most common in west coast hospitals (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.53‐2.14; P < 0.01) as well as large‐sized hospitals (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.22‐1.82; P < 0.01). Conclusion: From 2006 to 2012 the use of PC in ESLD patients increased substantially; socioeconomic, geographical, and ethnic barriers to accessing PC were observed. (Hepatology 2017;66:1585–1591).
Convergent Synthesis of α‐Branched Amines by Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Additions to Imines
Authors: Hummel Joshua R. , Ellman Jonathan A.
Published: June 2017

α‐Branched amines are ubiquitous in drugs and natural products, and consequently, synthetic methods that provide convergent and efficient entry to these structures are of considerable value. Transition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H bond additions to imines have the potential to be highly practical and atom‐economic approaches for the synthesis of a diverse and complex array of α‐branched amine products. These strategies typically employ readily available starting inputs, display high functional group compatibility, and often avoid the production of stoichiometric waste byproducts. A number of C−H functionalization methods have also been developed that incorporate cascade cyclization pathways to give amine‐substituted carbocycles, and in many cases, proceed with the formation of multiple stereogenic centers. Advances in the area of asymmetric C−H bond additions to imines have also been achieved through the use of chiral imine N‐substituents as well as by enantioselective catalysis.
Learning From High School Students’ Lived Experiences of Reading E‐Books and Printed Books
Authors: Evans Ellen
Published: June 2017

E‐book sales are down nationwide, and younger readers are proving to be surprisingly persistent in their preference for printed books. Although 66% of schools nationwide offer e‐books, adoption is growing at a slower than expected rate. This study takes a closer look at high school students’ experiences as they read John Steinbeck's fictional novella Of Mice and Men, some using e‐books and others using printed texts. Using a phenomenological approach to data collection and interpretation allowed for a focus on the lived experiences of the students; results showed that students’ experiences were affected by factors such as the time and place of reading, the physical structure of the text, and the ways that others in the social context relate to the text. These factors are often hidden influences that teachers should take into consideration when assigning texts.
Platelet‐derived growth factor regulates YAP transcriptional activity via Src family kinase dependent tyrosine phosphorylation
Authors: Smoot Rory L. , Werneburg Nathan W. , Sugihara Takaaki , Hernandez Matthew C. , Yang Lin , Mehner Christine , Graham Rondell P. , Bronk Steven F. , Truty Mark J. , Gores Gregory J.
Published: June 2017

The Hippo pathway effector YAP is implicated in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The Hippo pathway relies on signaling cross talk for its regulation. Given the importance of platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling in CCA biology, our aim was to examine potential YAP regulation by PDGFR. We employed human and mouse CCA specimens and cell lines for these studies. Initially, we confirmed upregulation of PDGFRβ and PDGFR ligands in human and mouse CCA specimens and cell lines. YAP, a transcriptional co‐activator, was localized to the nucleus in human CCA specimens and a cell line, as well as patient derived xenografts (PDX). PDGFR pharmacologic inhibition led to a redistribution of YAP from the nucleus to cytosol and downregulation of YAP target genes in a human CCA cell line. siRNA silencing of PDGFR‐β similarly downregulated YAP target genes. YAP activation (nuclear localization and target gene expression) was regulated by Src family kinases (SFKs) downstream of PDGFR. SFK activity resulted in phosphorylation of YAP on tyrosine357 (YAPY357). The importance of YAPY357 phosphorylation in regulating YAP activation was confirmed utilizing the SB‐1 cell line, a mouse cell line expressing YAP S127A precluding canonical serine phosphorylation. PDGFR inhibition decreased cellular abundance of the survival protein Mcl‐1, a known YAP target gene, and accordingly increased cell death in CCA cells in vitro and in vivo. These preclinical data demonstrate that a PDGFR‐SFK cascade regulates YAP activation via tyrosine phosphorylation in CCA. Inhibiting this cascade may provide a viable therapeutic strategy for this human malignancy.
Introduction: Science, Sexuality, and Psychotherapy: Shifting Paradigms
Authors: Cerbone Armand R.
Published: June 2017

This introduction presents an overview of the current issue (73, 8) of Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session. This issue features a series of articles, with clinical cases, each presented to illustrate the challenges faced by individuals and couples whose sexual and gender identities and expressions do not comport with traditional and cultural norms. These articles also document the challenges to the therapists who treat them. Considered individually, each article underscores the need to recognize the importance of evidence in guiding psychotherapy in cases involving sexuality. The discussions in each article offer recommendations meant to help and guide psychotherapists. Considered collectively, they raise important questions and considerations about shifting paradigms of human sexuality. Implications for assessment and treatment of cases involving sexuality and gender identity are discussed and recommended.
Long cycles through prescribed vertices have the Erdős‐Pósa property
Authors: Bruhn Henning , Joos Felix , Schaudt Oliver
Published: June 2017

We prove that for every graph, any vertex subset S, and given integers : there are k disjoint cycles of length at least ℓ that each contain at least one vertex from S, or a vertex set of size that meets all such cycles. This generalizes previous results of Fiorini and Herinckx and of Pontecorvi and Wollan.

In addition, we describe an algorithm for our main result that runs in time, where s denotes the cardinality of S.
Classification of key aerosol types and their frequency distributions based on satellite remote sensing data at an industrially polluted city in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Kumar K. Raghavendra , Kang Na , Yin Yan
Published: June 2017

In the present study, characterization of columnar aerosol optical properties and classifying the major aerosol types was investigated at an urban–industrial city, Nanjing in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region over East China using simultaneous data sets retrieved from the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) sensors during 2004–2015. A notable spatiotemporal heterogeneity was observed in the optical properties of aerosols on the seasonal scale over East China. Aerosol optical depth at 550 nm (AOD550) exhibited pronounced seasonal variability over Nanjing in the YRD, with higher values during summer and spring seasons and lower in winter. Ångström exponent (AE470–660) found higher in summer indicating the relative abundance of fine mode aerosols over the coarse mode. We also used the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model for presenting cluster trajectory analysis which revealed that the airmasses from different source regions contributed greatly to aerosol loading during the study period. In addition, we followed two techniques for studying classification of major aerosol types based on the predefined thresholds. Using the AOD–AE method (here called as Technique‐I), five major aerosol types were identified via, continental clean (CC), marine (MA), biomass burning/urban–industrial (BU), desert dust (DD), and mixed (MX). In all the seasons, MX is the dominant aerosol type followed by the BU and DD type aerosols during summer and spring seasons, respectively. Further, the sub‐classification of aerosol types was carried out considering into account of the characteristics of absorbing aerosol index (AAI) (here called as Technique‐II). The two clustering techniques showed reasonable consistency in the obtained results. The various aerosol types (absorbing and non‐absorbing) and their change over a region are highly helpful in fine tuning the models to decrease the uncertainty in the radiative and climatic effects of aerosols.
Connectivity of Niches of Adaptation Affects Vegetation Structure and Density in Self‐Organized (Dis‐Connected) Vegetation Patterns
Authors: Callegaro Chiara , Ursino Nadia
Published: June 2017

Self‐organized vegetation patterns are efficient rainfall harvesting systems, where runoff flow paths are highly dis‐connected. Runoff is generated over bare, crusted areas and diverted toward vegetated patches with higher infiltration capacity. The ecosystem structure is the result of scarce rainfall, local facilitation and adaptation of vegetation. An ecological model for the dynamics of two plant species and soil water content is used here as an instrument to investigate the hypothesis that ecological connectivity of adaptation niches could upscale to hydrological dis‐connectivity, with positive feedback on water use efficiency.

We investigated the interrelation between ecological niche connectivity and landscape scale hydrological connectivity quantitatively, by the definition of a new ecological connectivity index and the analysis of several niche differentiation scenarios, including neatly separate, continuous or overlapping ecological niches. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polyglycerol Surfmers and Surfactants for Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion
Authors: Wald Sarah , Simon Johanna , Dietz Jule P. , Wurm Frederik R. , Landfester Katharina
Published: June 2017

Poly(ethylene glycol)‐based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants. Poly(glycerol) (PG) is discussed as a polyfunctional alternative, however, it is not yet used to stabilize miniemulsions. The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition. Orthogonal‐protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert‐butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized. After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all‐polyglycerol surfactants (PG‐b‐PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG‐b‐PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations. Polystyrene nanoparticles are obtained by free‐radical miniemulsion polymerization, in which the allyl‐functionalized copolymers act as surfmer. In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG‐b‐PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG‐b‐PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol–ene addition. The PG‐b‐PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions. With the PG being covalently bound to the nanocarriers, a desorption during protein adsorption does not occur. It is believed that these surfactants are promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality.
Outcomes of treatment of stress urinary incontinence associated with female urethral diverticula: A selective approach
Authors: Greiman Alyssa , Rittenberg Lauren , Freilich Drew , Rames Ross , El‐Zawahry Ahmed , Koski Michelle , Rovner Eric
Published: June 2017

Aims

To assess surgical outcomes of concomitant treatment of SUI at time of transvaginal urethral diverticulectomy (TVUD) based on a selective approach.

Methods

Following Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, we identified patients with a UD and SUI who underwent TVUD between July 2004 and January 2016. SUI was documented before and after surgery using subjective and objective parameters. Autologous pubovaginal slings (APVS) were used selectively based on surgeon and patient preference.

Results

A total of 61 patients underwent surgical treatment of urethral diverticula; 39 patients with UD and concomitant SUI. Mean age was 53 years. Mean follow‐up was 16.2 months. There were 24 patients (62%) with SUI that underwent concomitant APVS. There was resolution of SUI in 20 of 24 patients (83%) who underwent a simultaneous APVS compared to 8 of 15 patients (53%) who underwent TVUD without APVS. Surgery resulted in the improvement or resolution of the majority of preoperative symptoms including recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) (82% vs 15%), dyspareunia (64% vs 8%), and urgency (56% vs 13%) (preoperative vs postoperative).

Conclusions

Female UD is often associated with SUI. Concomitant surgical treatment of UD and SUI often results in satisfactory control of bothersome SUI as well as other urinary symptoms such as UTI, dyspareunia and urgency. Treatment of SUI with APVS when undergoing TVUD is feasible with satisfactory outcomes.
Objectively improving appropriateness of absorbent products provision to patients with urinary incontinence: The DIAPPER study
Authors: Sacco Emilio , Bientinesi Riccardo , Gandi Carlo , Palermo Giuseppe , Pierconti Francesco , Bassi Pierfrancesco
Published: June 2017

Aims

To objectively assess and enhance the appropriateness of continence products provision to sufferers from urinary incontinence (UI) managed with containment strategies.

Methods

Incontinent patients of five Italian continence care services were included in this industry‐supported study from 01/2012 to 03/2016. All patients/carers have been invited to perform a 48‐h home‐based pad test and to fill in a diary. The primary outcome was the product appropriateness defined as the use of a pad with maximum absorbent capacity (MAC) from 30% to 50% higher than the individually measured urine load. Pads provision was corrected accordingly. Meaningful factors affecting products appropriateness and patient's satisfaction with the new products were also assessed.

Results

The study included 14 493 subjects (mean age 78 years; 26% males, 74% females) using overall during the study days 98 362 pads. Sixty percent of the products were found to be not appropriate. In most of cases, (75%) products were inappropriate because too large. Age and pad weight gain, followed by gender, body weight, waist circumference, level of autonomy and mobility, pad wearing time, skin health status, and health district were independently associated to the propensity to inappropriateness. After correction of products prescription, a significant reduction (−31%) of the use of largest products was observed. At 6 months evaluation, 88% of evaluable participants were satisfied with the new prescription.

Conclusions

Most of patients are provided with not appropriate containment products. The use of the 48‐h pad test allows improving on an individual basis the appropriateness of products provision.
Split‐brain phenomena in anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture: A case report
Authors: Korsakova Natalya , Liebson Elizabeth , Moskovich Lena
Published: June 2017

In 1976, a patient with an anterior communicating artery aneurysm (ACoAA) rupture (diagnosed on angiography) and sub‐arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) underwent serial neuropsychological testing revealing a classical anterior cerebral artery (ACA) spasm picture with severe anterograde amnesia of Korsakoff's type and dysexecutive syndrome. In addition, the patient demonstrated impaired hemispheric interaction with alien hand syndrome, dyscopia–dysgraphia, complete left ear neglect, and other, more complex, split‐brain phenomena. He was evaluated by A. R. Luria in 1976. Following surgery the patient demonstrated gradual improvement.
Reconceptualizing mental disorders: From symptoms to organs
Authors: Bunge Mario
Published: June 2017

Most mental pathologies are diagnosed on the sole basis of the symptoms reported by patients, such as “I'm feeling low.” The thrust of this paper is the proposal to reconceptualize mental disorders as dysfunctions of brain subsystems. This shift from symptom to organ would bring psychiatry in line with the rest of medicine, and is analogous to the change in status of venereal infections from skin pathologies, such as chancres, to bacterial infections. The proposal in question is part of the reconceptualization of mental processes as brain processes, in line with the materialist conception of the mind as neural. A practical advantage of this conceptual change is that it suggests approaching mental disorders as brain dysfunctions treatable by biological and chemical means, in addition to social measures, such as accommodating mental patients in ordinary hospitals rather than in isolated “madhouses” at the mercy of amateurs or even charlatans. An additional advantage of the “embodiment” of mental diseases is that it suggests reframing some new research projects, such as explaining why the common cold causes mental fogginess, why hypertension can cause irritability, and why nicotine dependence can be even stronger than cocaine addiction. In other words, the present proposal is to complete the so‐called “mapping of the mind onto the brain” by including the abnormal mental processes, which used to be treated by shamans at a time when the mind was conceived of as an immaterial entity detachable from the body.
Retrospective comparative study of the factors affecting birthweights in frozen‐thawed embryo transfer, compared to fresh embryo transfer
Authors: Tsuji Yuta , Otsuki Junko , Iwasaki Toshiroh , Furuhashi Kohyu , Matsumoto Yukiko , Kokeguchi Shoji , Shiotani Masahide
Published: June 2017

Aim

Several studies have indicated that the cause of the increased birthweight of frozen‐thawed embryos was associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures, such as cryopreservation. In the present study, the mean birthweight of singletons was compared between the ovulatory and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycles in order to investigate the primary factor that leads to higher birthweights from frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET).

Methods

This retrospective study was carried out from January 2011 to December 2014 on 2738 singletons who were born at 37‐41 weeks’ gestation, following ART in a single facility. The mean birthweight of the singletons who were born after a fresh embryo transfer (ET) was compared to the mean birthweight of the singletons who were born after a FET. In the FET cycles, the mean birthweight of the singletons was compared between the ovulatory and HRT cycles.

Results

The mean birthweight of the singletons who were born after a FET was significantly higher than that of the singletons who were born after a fresh ET. In the FET cycles, the birthweight from the HRT cycles was significantly higher than that from the ovulatory cycles. Among the HRT cycles, there was no difference between the birthweight of the singleton who were born from a blastocyst transfer and those who were born from a cleavage‐stage ET.

Conclusion

The primary factor to affect the birthweight of singletons might be the pre/postET hormonal environment of the endometrium and not the stage of the transferred embryo nor the frozen‐thawed procedure itself.
Fabrication of Metal Molybdate Micro/Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Zhang Li , Zheng Shasha , Wang Ling , Tang Hao , Xue Huaiguo , Wang Guoxiu , Pang Huan
Published: June 2017

Currently, metal molybdates compounds can be prepared by several methods and are considered as prospective electrode materials in many fields because the metal ions possess the ability to exist in several oxidation states. These multiple oxidation states contribute to prolonging the discharge time, improving the energy density, and increasing the cycling stability. The high electrochemical performance of metal molybdates as electrochemical energy storage devices are discussed in this review. According to recent publications and research progress on relevant materials, the investigation of metal molybdate compounds are discussed via three main aspects: synthetic methods, material properties and measured electrochemical performance of these compounds as electrode materials. The recent progress in general metal molybdate nanomaterials for LIBs and supercapacitors are carefully presented here.
Safety and effectiveness of eribulin in Japanese patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer: a post-marketing observational study
Authors: Watanabe Junichiro , Ito Yoshinori , Ohsumi Shozo , Mizutani Mitsuhiro , Tashiro Hideya , Sakurai Kenichi , Takahashi Masato , Saito Tsuyoshi , Tsurutani Junji , Mukai Hirofumi , Yoshinami Tetsuhiro , Takao Shintaro , Yamamoto Yasuhisa , Matsuoka Toshiyuki , Iwase Hirotaka , Iwata Hiroji , Nakamura Seigo , Saeki Toshiaki
Published: June 2017

Background This large-scale study was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of eribulin for the treatment of inoperable or recurrent breast cancer in real-world settings in Japan. Methods Between July and December 2011, eligible patients with inoperable or recurrent breast cancer receiving eribulin for the first time were centrally registered and observed for 1 year. Eribulin was administered intravenously (1.4 mg/m2) on days 1 and 8 of every 3-week cycle. The primary endpoint was the frequency and intensity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and time to treatment failure (TTF). Results Of 968 patients registered at 325 institutions, 951 and 671 were included in the safety and effectiveness analyses, respectively. In the safety population, ADRs were observed in 841 patients (88.4%). The most common (≥15% incidence) were neutropenia (66.6%), leukopenia (62.4%), lymphopenia (18.4%), and peripheral neuropathy (16.8%). The most common grade ≥ 3 ADRs (>5% incidence) were neutropenia (59.8%), leukopenia (50.5%), lymphopenia (16.1%), and febrile neutropenia (7.7%). In the effectiveness population, ORR was 16.5% (95% confidence interval: 13.7, 19.4). The median TTF was 127 days (95% confidence interval: 120, 134). Conclusions The safety and effectiveness profile of eribulin was consistent with prior studies. Eribulin had a favorable risk-benefit balance when used in real-world clinical settings.
Cholesterol Bilayer Domains in the Eye Lens Health: A Review
Authors: Widomska Justyna , Subczynski Witold K. , Mainali Laxman , Raguz Marija
Published: June 2017

The most unique biochemical characteristic of the eye lens fiber cell plasma membrane is its extremely high cholesterol content, the need for which is still unclear. It is evident, however, that the disturbance of Chol homeostasis may result in damages associated with cataracts. Electron paramagnetic resonance methods allow discrimination of two types of lipid domains in model membranes overloaded with Chol, namely, phospholipid-cholesterol domains and pure Chol bilayer domains. These domains are also detected in human lens lipid membranes prepared from the total lipids extracted from lens cortices and nuclei of donors from different age groups. Independent of the age-related changes in phospholipid composition, the physical properties of phospholipid-Chol domains remain the same for all age groups and are practically identical for cortical and nuclear membranes. The presence of Chol bilayer domains in these membranes provides a buffering capacity for cholesterol concentration in the surrounding phospholipid-Chol domains, keeping it at a constant saturating level and thus keeping the physical properties of the membrane consistent with and independent of changes in phospholipid composition. It seems that the presence of Chol bilayer domains plays an integral role in the regulation of cholesterol-dependent processes in fiber cell plasm membranes and in the maintenance of fiber cell membrane homeostasis.
Changes to the Korean Disaster Medical Assistance System After Numerous Multi-casualty Incidents in 2014 and 2015
Authors: Cha Myeong-il , Choa Minhong , Kim Seunghwan , Cho Jinseong , Choi Dai Hai , Cho Minsu , Kim Won , Kim Chu Hyun , Kang Daehyun , Heo Yun Jung , Kim Jung Eon , Yoon Han Deok , Wang Soon Joo
Published: June 2017

Objective

A number of multiple-casualty incidents during 2014 and 2015 brought changes to Korea’s disaster medical assistance system. We report these changes here.

Methods

Reports about these incidents, revisions to laws, and the government’s revised medical disaster response guidelines were reviewed.

Results

The number of DMAT (Disaster Medical Assistance Team) staff members was reduced to 4 from 8, and the mobilization method changed. An emergency response manual was created that contains the main content of the DMAT, and there is now a DMAT training program to educate staff. The government created and launched a national 24-hour Disaster Emergency Medical Service Situation Room, and instead of the traditional wireless communications, mobile instant smart phone messaging has been added as a new means of communication. The number of disaster base hospitals has also been doubled.

Conclusion

Although there are still limitations that need to be remedied, the changes to the current emergency medical assistance system are expected to improve the system’s response capacity. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:526–530)
Evacuations as a Result of Hurricane Sandy: Analysis of the 2014 New Jersey Behavioral Risk Factor Survey
Authors: Kulkarni Prathit A. , Gu Hui , Tsai Stella , Passannante Marian , Kim Soyeon , Thomas Pauline A. , Tan Christina G. , Davidow Amy L.
Published: June 2017

Objective

We characterized evacuations related to Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall in New Jersey on October 29, 2012.

Methods

We analyzed data from the 2014 New Jersey Behavioral Risk Factor Survey. The proportion of respondents reporting evacuation was used to estimate the number of New Jersey adults who evacuated. We determined evacuation rates in heavily impacted and less-impacted municipalities, as well as evacuation rates for municipalities under and not under mandatory evacuation orders. We tested associations between demographic and health factors, such as certain chronic health conditions, and evacuation.

Results

Among respondents, 12.7% (95% CI: 11.8%-13.6%) reported evacuating, corresponding to approximately 880,000 adults. In heavily impacted municipalities, 17.0% (95% CI: 15.2%-18.7%) evacuated, compared with 10.1% (95% CI: 9.0%-11.2%) in less-impacted municipalities. In municipalities under mandatory evacuation orders, 42.5% (95% CI: 35.1%-49.8%) evacuated, compared with 11.8% (95% CI: 10.9%-12.9%) in municipalities not under mandatory orders. Female gender (odds ratio [OR]: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.14-1.64), unmarried status (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02-1.46), shorter length of residence (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.03-1.60), and living in a heavily impacted municipality (OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.54-2.20) were significantly associated with evacuation. History of stroke (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.02-2.53) was the only chronic condition associated with evacuation.

Conclusions

Approximately 880,000 New Jersey adults evacuated because of Hurricane Sandy. Those in heavily impacted municipalities and municipalities under mandatory evacuation orders had higher evacuation rates; however, still fewer than half evacuated. These findings can be used for future disaster planning. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:720–728).
Licensing Organizational Psychologists: The Australian Experience
Authors: O'Gorman John , Macqueen Peter
Published: June 2017

We comment on the focal article (LCIOP Joint Task Force, 2017) from the perspective of practitioners and academics in industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology, who have been involved for some years in debates about the regulation of psychology in Australia.
In Defense of Responsible Survey Key Driver Analysis
Authors: Hyland Patrick K. , Woo Vivian A. , Reeves David W. , Garrad Lewis
Published: June 2017

In their focal article, Cucina, Walmsley, Gast, Martin, and Curtin (2017) raise a number of concerns about survey key driver analysis (SKDA). Although many are valid, we think their critique ultimately goes too far and risks throwing the baby out with the bathwater. We have found that SKDA can be an effective way to generate insight and action when analysis is done correctly and results are used appropriately. In this response article, we first provide data that counters Cucina et al.’s findings. Then we describe the approach we take to survey key driver analytics and application. In doing so, we hope to address some of the core concerns raised in the focal article and identify ways for scientists and practitioners to conduct SKDA in a responsible way.
Survey Key Driver Analysis: Perhaps the Right Question Is, “Are We There Yet?”
Authors: Klein Cameron , Synovec Rob , Zhang Haiyan , Lovato Chris , Howes John , Feinzig Sheri
Published: June 2017

In their focal article, Cucina, Walmsley, Gast, Martin, and Curtin (2017) raise an important and timely issue, but go too far in arguing that practitioners should abandon survey key driver analysis (SKDA) altogether. There are many valuable benefits to using SKDA, and rather than discontinuing the practice entirely, we suggest that a better approach is to focus on ways to make it even more valuable to organizations. It is true that this area is in need of further research, but instead of asking whether we are driving down the right road, perhaps the right question is, “Are we there yet?”
Licensing of I-O Psychologists: Some Potentially Lethal Features
Authors: Campbell John P.
Published: June 2017

The focal article (LCIOP Joint Task Force, 2017) is a painstakingly thorough discussion of licensing issues regarding I-O psychology as they have evolved over the last 40–50 years. There is also a very large literature produced by Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) members, and cited in the focal article, that discusses many of these issues in some detail (e.g., Campbell, Levy, Murphy, Schmitt, & Weiss, 2009). The focal article makes a very useful distinction between health service providers (HSP) and general applied psychologists (GAP). The position of SIOP for some time has been that licensure should be required for the former, but not for the latter, although a path to licensure should be provided for those who need it. I would certainly agree. Also, the Society of Consulting Psychology (SCP) is much more infused with applied clinical psychology than is SIOP. Consequently, the licensing needs of most SIOP members and most SCP members are most likely not quite the same.
Olivooides-like tube aperture in early Cambrian carinachitids (Medusozoa, Cnidaria)
Authors: Han Jian , Li Guoxiang , Wang Xing , Yang Xiaoguang , Guo Junfeng , Sasaki Osamu , Komiya Tsuyoshi
Published: June 2017

The early Cambrian Carinachitidae, a family in the subclass Conulata, are intriguing and important small shelly fossils. Their gently tapering, tube-shaped skeletons consist of convex faces separated from each other by broad, deep corner sulci, and they exhibit triradial, pentaradial, or predominantly tetraradial symmetry. However, the morphology of the aperture and the modes of growth of carinachitid skeletons as well as the anatomy of their soft parts are unknown. Examination of a single new, exceptionally well-preserved specimen of tetramerousCarinachites spinatusQian, 1977, collected from the lower Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation in South China, reveals: (1) that its aperture is connected to a small mass of relic soft tissue and (2) that the apertural end of each of the four faces is developed into a subtriangular lappet or oral lobe that is smoothly folded toward the long axis of the tube, partially closing the tube aperture. Similarities between thorn-like spines on the faces and the oral lobes indicate that the transverse ribs were periodically displaced from the perradial portion of the aperture during formation of new ribs. In addition, the tube walls may have undergone secondary thickening during growth. The growth pattern of the tube and the spatial relationships between the tube aperture and soft parts are analogous to those of co-occurring olivooids. These findings further strengthen the previously proposed hypothesis that coeval carinachitids, olivooids, hexangulaconulariids, and Paleozoic conulariids are closely related taxa within the subphylum Medusozoa. Finally, carinachitids most likely represent an evolutionary intermediate between olivooids and hexangulaconulariids.
Holocene vegetation signals in the Alashan Desert of northwest China revealed by lipid molecular proxies from calcareous root tubes
Authors: Li Zhuolun , Gao Youhong , Han Lang
Published: June 2017

In the hinterland of deserts, it is difficult to reconstruct paleovegetation using fossil pollen because of the low pollen concentration. Therefore, an efficient method is needed to reconstruct the paleovegetation of desert regions. In this study, 34 Holocene calcareous root tube (CRT) samples were collected from the Alashan Desert in northwest China, and lipid molecular proxies from CRTs were selected to address this deficiency. The results show that n-alkanes mainly maximized at C27, C29, and C16, and that the carbon preference index is close to 1. Thus, the sources of n-alkanes from CRTs were the roots of higher plants and microorganisms, and thus changes in n-alkanes from CRTs could reveal variations in vegetation cover. The n-alkane Cmax of long-chain n-alkanes (C>25) in CRTs, maximizing at C27, indicated that vegetation in the Alashan Desert was characterized by shrub vegetation during the Holocene. Changes in the ratio of (C27+C29)/(C31+C33) indicated that the biomass of shrub vegetation increased during the period 7–2 cal ka BP. Moreover, the relative concentration of short-chain to long-chain n-alkanes decreased from 7 to 2 cal ka BP, suggesting that the effective moisture decreased during that period.
Messorocaris, a new sanctacaridid-like arthropod from the middle Cambrian Wheeler Formation (Utah, USA)
Authors: LEROSEY-AUBRIL RUDY , SKABELUND JACOB
Published: June 2017

The Drumian Wheeler Formation preserves one of the most diverse exceptionally preserved faunas of the Cambrian period. Here we describe Messorocaris magna gen. et sp. nov., a new non-biomineralizing arthropod from this formation tentatively assigned to the family Sanctacarididae. The new taxon exhibits a vaulted axial region, and wide pleural regions forming sickle-shaped lateral extensions in the trunk, a character particularly distinctive within the Sanctacarididae. This description provides an opportunity to stress the fact that the ‘Wheeler fauna’ encompasses two distinct assemblages, as confirmed by similarity analysis. These contemporaneous faunas lived at different bathymetries, and should be treated as separate entities.
Sub-Alfvénic reduced magnetohydrodynamic equations for tokamaks
Authors: Sengupta W. , Hassam A. B. , Antonsen T. M.
Published: June 2017

A reduced set of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations is derived, applicable to large aspect ratio tokamaks and relevant for dynamics that is sub-Alfvénic with respect to ideal ballooning modes. This ordering optimally allows sound waves, Mercier modes, drift modes, geodesic-acoustic modes (GAM), zonal flows and shear Alfvén waves. Wavelengths long compared to the gyroradius but comparable to the minor radius of a typical tokamak are considered. With the inclusion of resistivity, tearing modes, resistive ballooning modes, Pfirsch–Schluter cells and the Stringer spin-up are also included. A major advantage is that the resulting system is two-dimensional in space, and the system incorporates self-consistent and dynamic Shafranov shifts. A limitation is that the system is valid only in radial domains where the tokamak safety factor, $q$, is close to rational. In the tokamak core, the system is well suited to study the sawtooth discharge in the presence of Mercier modes. The systematic ordering scheme and methodology developed are versatile enough to reduce the more general collisional two-fluid equations or possibly the Vlasov–Maxwell system in the MHD ordering.
Impact of fishing activities on different coralligenous assemblages of Gulf of Naples (Italy)
Authors: Ferrigno Federica , Appolloni Luca , Russo Giovanni Fulvio , Sandulli Roberto
Published: June 2017

Coralligenous bioconstructions are among the most important Mediterranean habitats for biodiversity maintenance. However some characteristic and sensitive organisms, such as the fan corals, are considered endangered in the international community; indeed, they may be severely damaged by fishing activities causing mechanical damage and increasing sedimentation rate. ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) investigations were carried out in order to characterize different morphological types of coralligenous habitat (rim, bank and shoal) located in the southern Bay of Naples (Italy), and to assess the presence of lost fishing gears and their impact on these benthic communities. A rapid classification of different fishing pressures and impacts was obtained through the development of new, representative and synthetic categories. Image analysis revealed the presence of rich and diversified communities, characterized by several fan coral colonies. However, fishing activity dramatically affects these coralligenous habitats, entangling and covering benthic assemblages and leading to necrosis and to parasitic epibionts growth especially on branched organisms. Monitoring programmes may provide a detailed assessment of coralligenous habitats characterization, distribution and health status. An accurate evaluation of fishing pressure and impact may be considered a useful tool to improve sustainable management of these valuable habitats.
Mediterranean food consumption patterns: low environmental impacts and significant health–nutrition benefits
Authors: Aboussaleh Y. , Capone R. , Bilali H. El
Published: June 2017

The Mediterranean dietary patterns comply better with recommended nutrient and micronutrient intakes. The Mediterranean diet (MD) was associated with reduced mortality and lower risk for metabolic chronic diseases. It has also low ecological, carbon and water footprints due to its high share of plant-based foods. In fact, the share of plant-based dietary energy is higher in the Mediterranean than in Northern Europe. The Mediterranean hotspot is a major centre of plant and crop diversity. Mediterranean people gather and consume about 2300 plant species. This review paper aims at highlighting the nutrition–health benefits of the MD and analysing the main environmental impacts of the Mediterranean food consumption patterns. There is a growing body of scientific evidence that the MD has significant health–nutrition benefits and low environmental footprints, so there is urgent need to reverse the ongoing erosion of the MD heritage and to promote it as a sustainable diets model.