bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypothalamic Supramammillary Nucleus Selectively Excites Hippocampal CA3 Interneurons to Suppress CA3 Pyramidal Neuron Activity
Authors: Li Minghua , Kinney Jessica L. , Jiang Yu-Qiu , Lee Daniel K. , Wu Qiwen , Lee Daehoon , Xiong Wen-Cheng , Sun Qian
Published: April 2023

A key mode of neuronal communication between distant brain regions is through excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by long-range glutamatergic projections emitted from principal neurons. The long-range glutamatergic projection normally forms numerousen passantexcitatory synapses onto both principal neurons and interneurons along its path. Under physiological conditions, the monosynaptic excitatory drive onto postsynaptic principal neurons outweighs disynaptic feedforward inhibition, with the net effect of depolarizing principal neurons. In contrast with this conventional doctrine, here we report that a glutamatergic projection from the hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus (SuM) largely evades postsynaptic pyramidal neurons (PNs), but preferentially target interneurons in the hippocampal CA3 region to predominantly provide feedforward inhibition. Using viral-based retrograde and anterograde tracing and ChannelRhodopsin2 (ChR2)-assisted patch-clamp recording in mice of either sex, we show that SuM projects sparsely to CA3 and provides minimal excitation onto CA3 PNs. Surprisingly, despite its sparse innervation, the SuM input inhibits all CA3 PNs along the transverse axis. Further, we find that SuM provides strong monosynaptic excitation onto CA3 parvalbumin-expressing interneurons evenly along the transverse axis, which likely mediates the SuM-driven feedforward inhibition. Together, our results demonstrate that a novel long-range glutamatergic pathway largely evades principal neurons, but rather preferentially innervates interneurons in a distant brain region to suppress principal neuron activity. Moreover, our findings reveal a new means by which SuM regulates hippocampal activity through SuM-to-CA3 circuit, independent of the previously focused projections from SuM to CA2 or dentate gyrus.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe dominant mode of neuronal communication between brain regions is the excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by long-range glutamatergic projections, which formen passantexcitatory synapses onto both pyramidal neurons and interneurons along its path. Under normal conditions, the excitation onto postsynaptic neurons outweighs feedforward inhibition, with the net effect of depolarization. In contrast with this conventional doctrine, here we report that a glutamatergic input from hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus (SuM) largely evades PNs but selectively targets interneurons to almost exclusively provide disynaptic feedforward inhibition onto hippocampal CA3 PNs. Thus, our findings reveal a novel subcortical-hippocampal circuit that enables SuM to regulate hippocampal activity via SuM-CA3 circuit, independent of its projections to CA2 or dentate gyrus.
Using Phenology to Teach Students about Climate Change and the Effect on Biodiversity
Authors: Baker Jeffrey , Hammond Angela , Rist Lindsay
Published: April 2023

In biology class, climate change is relevant because of its impact on biodiversity. While the subject of climate change should be taught in science classes, problems with teaching it involve preconceived ideas that can create barriers. Instruction is also hindered by a lack of materials that support direct observation by students in both rural and urban areas. An inquiry-based approach incorporating phenology offers a possible solution to the problem, giving students the ability to observe climate change firsthand. Phenology is the practice of observing flora or fauna over a time period within a geographic area and recording seasonal changes. The data can be uploaded into the National Phenology Network for study purposes. This website also provides materials, lesson plans, and instructions for observing seasonal changes and connecting them to climate change, which can then be correlated to impacts on biodiversity. The Department of Natural Resources National Wildlife Federation also has material that can help the instructional process. When students are involved in direct observational activities, climate change moves from an abstract concept to a concrete phenomenon. Their new knowledge can empower students to try and make a difference at a local level.
Strong Foundations
Authors: Beck Pieter T. L.
Published: April 2023

In this article, I discuss Petrus van Musschenbroek’s research on the strength of materials in relation to his methodological views. In the latter, van Musschenbroek emphasizes the importance of repeating and varying experiments. This is related to his views on the complexity of nature, which play a role in his views on mathematics, laws of nature, causes, and experimental method. In each case, the construction of an (experimental) history is presented as a first step in experimental philosophy, necessary to deal with the complexity of nature. The experimental research on the strength of materials can likewise be seen as aimed at the construction of an (experimental) history. His experimental practice takes the form of a systematic variation of parameters and the performance of an extensive series of experiments on different kinds of substances. In his experimental reports, van Musschenbroek repeatedly points to the utility of his experimental results. This utilitarian attitude is typical for the experimental history literature as discussed by Klein. Van Musschenbroek himself also presents his work as an experimental history. However, unlike the examples discussed by Klein, van Musschenbroek’s experimental history is characterized by a systematic experimental method. I argue that this method can be seen as an example of exploratory experimentation in Steinle’s sense. Finally, I suggest that with its emphasis on the nature and properties of specific materials, it could be fruitful to read van Musschenbroek’s experimental history in light of the emergence of engineering as a discipline in the eighteenth century.
Buenas prácticas en las asignaturas virtuales de alta matriculación ante el contexto de pandemia en la UNED de Costa Rica
Authors: Mora-Vicarioli Francisco , Arce-Solano Jorge Luis , Fernández-Alfaro Susana
Published: April 2023

Objetivos. 1. Valorar la pertinencia de la generación de entornos virtuales únicos en los modelos de gestión académica y administrativa para ofertas de asignaturas de alta matricula de la cátedra de Finanzas de la UNED de Costa Rica. 2. Mostrar un referente de buenas prácticas para la gestión de asignaturas de alta matrícula que favorezcan la gestión académica y administrativa. Metodología. El estudio fue cualitativo, se hizo una recolección de datos por medio de una encuesta en línea y con un tipo de muestra incidental, por medio de la cual se contó con la participación de 23 docentes de la Cátedra de Finanzas para lograr valorar la experiencia de mejora propuesta, para el uso de los entornos virtuales en asignaturas masivas, por medio de un tipo de investigación orientada desde la fenomenología. Resultados. La investigación brindó insumos de valor en cuanto a la configuración del aula virtual en entornos únicos y con subgrupos, para asignaturas de alta matriculación, esta modalidad brindó un ahorro sustancial de tiempo en aspectos administrativos, en relación con el monitoreo de las labores docentes, así como el hecho de potenciar espacios de acompañamiento para consultas y atención de procesos de apelaciones sobre la evaluación de los aprendizajes. Se valoró, además, el uso de recursos didácticos, como el video, con el fin de brindar opciones flexibles en el modelo a distancia mediado por la virtualidad.
La problemática ambiental en un contexto de cambio global: Posibilidades y limitaciones de educación ecocientífica desde la acción docente
Authors: Aguilar-Correa Cristián Manuel
Published: April 2023

Objetivo. Este ensayo tiene por objetivo reflexionar acerca de las limitaciones y posibilidades de la labor docente respecto de la educación ecocientífica en el actual contexto planetario de crisis ambiental. Discusión. En un primer momento se evidencian algunos hallazgos investigativos en la materia, para luego adentrarse en ciertos análisis epistemológicos y didácticos referidos a la cuestión ambiental desde la mirada ecocientífica, reconociendo posibilidades y limitaciones desde la acción docente. Posteriormente, se reflexiona como los saberes eco científicos, de transdisciplinariedad y de complementariedad toman cada vez mayor significado y comienzan a ingresar a la esfera educativa y social como nuevos enfoques de aprehensión de realidades. Conclusión. Existen obstáculos epistemológicos y didácticos que deben ser superados para lograr el cambio deseado, sobre todo, en tópicos vinculados a cuestiones ecocientíficas. Considerar los contextos de aprendizaje es otro gran desafío, estos permiten el desarrollo de competencias y actitudes ecociudadanas cargadas de saberes localizados y aprendizajes colectivos. Finalmente, en la formación inicial docente se constata un reduccionismo de la enseñanza eco científica y se hace necesario generar espacios de enseñanza y aprendizaje que fomenten la reflexión, el cuestionamiento, el debate, y el intercambio de saberes individuales, locales y territoriales.
El rol del profesorado en la adolescencia: Un enfoque interdisciplinar del conflicto escolar con teoría de juegos
Authors: Cruz-Barba Evangelina , Rojo-Zárate María Fernanda
Published: April 2023

Introducción. El conflicto y las emociones permean en todos los entornos de interacción social, y el ámbito educativo no es la excepción. Las emociones desempeñan un papel muy importante para el aprendizaje, ya que proveen un sistema de motivos que fortalecen o debilitan la percepción y comprensión académica. Objetivo. Exponer el papel que juegan las emociones en un conflicto escolar originado en la red social facebook con adolescentes. Así mismo, se enfatiza la implicación del profesorado con diferentes roles de actuación en el proceso de resolución del conflicto. Metodología. Desde una mirada interdisciplinar, se analiza un caso representativo de conflicto y las posibles soluciones a la luz de la teoría de juegos con dos tipos de juego: Dilema del prisionero y de coordinación. Resultados. Se muestra que el nivel de inteligencia emocional del profesorado y su rol de actuación, al utilizar la información que dispone de las alumnas envueltas en el conflicto, es relevante para gestionar, de forma satisfactoria, tal confrontación en el aula de clase. Si el profesorado actúa bajo el rol de espectador, sin importar su nivel de inteligencia emocional, puede suscitar altos costos en su reputación como docente, mermando el entorno seguro de aprendizaje en el aula. Discusión. Al comprender los aspectos emocionales que viven las personas adolescentes, el profesor o profesora puede generar confianza y procurar que el estudiantado adquiera habilidades personales a partir del diálogo, y mantener un punto focal relevante: el ambiente saludable que favorece el aprendizaje.
Prevalencia de Giardia lamblia en escolares y en otras subpoblaciones peruanas (1990-2018): una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Authors: Cabrera Rufino , Vargas-Herrera Javier , Whittembury Alvaro
Published: April 2023

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia y distribución de Giardia lamblia en la población peruana entre 1990 y 2018. Se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de estudios transversales. Se incluyeron estudios originales sobre prevalencia de G. lamblia, parasitismo intestinal o estudios de cohorte que incluían datos de prevalencia; diagnosticados por examen parasitológico, detección de antígenos, PCR o análisis genético, publicados entre 1990 y 2018 en español, inglés, portugués o francés y realizados en humanos. Las búsquedas se realizaron en PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, ScieELO, LIPECS, Google Académico y ALICIA. El análisis de heterogeneidad se realizó mediante la prueba de Q de Cochrane y el sesgo de publicación mediante el método de Egger con el software StatsDirect v. 3.2.7. Se incluyeron 33 fuentes que tenían información de 37 estudios donde participaron 10 109 individuos. La prevalencia combinada por el método de efectos aleatorios en los 37 estudios fue 30.4% IC95% (25.2-35.8); sin embargo, al análisis en el subgrupo en preescolares y escolares en 26 estudios fue 29.1% IC95% (24.5-34.0). De cada 100 personas, 30 tenían G. lamblia y de cada 100 pre-escolares y escolares, 29 tenían el parásito. La estimación de la prevalencia de acuerdo con el sexo y al área de residencia no son concluyentes. No se encontraron suficientes estudios en otras 7 subpoblaciones para estimar la prevalencia de G. lamblia.
Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgos asociados a Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis en bovinos de Villavicencio, Colombia
Authors: Guzman-Barragan Blanca , Monroy-Roberto Yuri Angelica , Tobón Julio , Blanco-Angarita Laura Catherine , Guzman Yessica Lorena
Published: April 2023

El estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo para Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis en Villavicencio, Colombia. Se tomaron muestras de sangre a 1000 bovinos de doble propósito en 24 fincas. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante ELISA indirecta para la detección de anticuerpos. Los factores de riesgo fueron determinados mediante pruebas univariadas y multivariadas. La seroprevalencia general de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis fue 52.4% y la del hato de 100%. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo el sexo hembra, animales mayores de 4 años, y venta de animales. La raza cebú fue considerado como factor de protección.
Hallazgos tisulares en peces adultos de Gambusia punctata (Poey 1854) crecidos bajo influencia minera
Authors: Domínguez Odio Aníbal , Mora Tassé Yoandra , Betancourt Hernández Juan Esmérido , Fong Lores Onel , Cala Delgado Daniel Leonardo
Published: April 2023

Se notifica la respuesta tisular del pez Gambusia punctata (Poey, 1854) crecido en condiciones naturales bajo la exposición crónica de metales pesados. Se capturaron individuos adultos de ambos sexos, a 10 km aguas debajo de una antigua zona minera a cielo abierto en Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Se identificaron deformaciones branquiales con una extensión moderada en el 80% de los individuos investigados. Asimismo, el 100% presentó numerosos depósitos de hierro férrico en el interior de los enterocitos.
Recuento de hongos y detección de micotoxinas en insumos y alimento balanceado provenientes de granjas porcinas de la provincia de Coronel Portillo, Ucayali, Perú
Authors: Huatuco C. David , Rondón E. Juan , Germany G. Lluvis , Gavidia César M. , Luna E. Luis , Rosadio A. Raúl
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del estúdio fue realizar el recuento de hongos y detectar micotoxinas en insumos y alimento balanceado de granjas porcinas de cuatro distritos de Coronel Portillo, Ucayali. Se recolectaron 50 muestras (35 de alimento de tres etapas de crianza de 20 granjas y 15 de insumos de 10 de estos establecimientos). El recuento de hongos se realizó mediante el método de conteo en placa y la detección de micotoxinas (aflatoxina B1, ocratoxina A y zearalenona) mediante kits comerciales de ELISA. El 50% de establecimientos tuvo al menos una muestra de calidad inaceptable. Asimismo, 6/15 (40%) y 5/35 (14.3%) de las muestras de insumos y alimento, respectivamente, tuvieron calidad inaceptable. El alimento de inicio presentó el mayor promedio en el recuento de hongos (9.6 x 104 UFC/g). Hubo asociación entre calidad y tipo de alimento, pero ninguna entre calidad y procedencia. La mitad de las granjas tuvo al menos una muestra de alimento con micotoxinas por encima al Límite Máximo Permisible (LMP) y el 42.9% (15/35) de las muestras tuvo al menos una micotoxina por encima a los LMP. El promedio más alto de aflatoxina B1 se encontró en el alimento de inicio (26.2 ppb) y el más alto de zearalenona en alimento de reproductores (74.5 ppb).
Seroprevalencia de Toxoplasma gondii en cabras del departamento de Piura, Perú
Authors: Fernández Rojas Milagros , Suárez Aranda Francisco , Chávez Velásquez Amanda , Pinedo Vicente Rosa
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia del parásito Toxoplasma gondii en cabras del departamento de Piura, Perú. Se evaluaron 362 muestras de suero haciendo uso de un kit comercial de ELISA indirecto, la cual revela presencia de anticuerpos IgG anti-T. gondii. La seroprevalencia real hallada fue de 26.29% (IC 95%: 21.74 - 30.84%). Los intervalos de confianza (IC 95%) evidenciaron diferencia significativa en las cabras seropositivas con relación a la variable piso altitudinal (0-500 vs 500-2500 msnm), mientras que no se evidenció diferencia significativa (p>0.05) respecto a la variable grupo etario (<1, 1-3 y >3 años). El Odds Ratio (OR) entre los animales serorreactores y la variable piso altitudinal arrojó un valor de 0.37 (IC 95%: 0.20 – 0.69), indicando que el piso altitudinal 0-500 msnm fue un factor protector para la infección por toxoplasmosis con relación al piso altitudinal 500-2500 msnm.
Structure of the vita icon
Authors: Aitova Sofia
Published: April 2023

In this paper a vita (living) icon is considered in terms of composition structure which contributes to the content and idea of an image. We propose some sources of origin of this type of icon first appeared in Byzantium in late XIIth-beginning of the XIIIth century. Cases genetically and typologically related to vita icon’s structure such as a templon or a “decorated” icon reveal the principles of vita icon’s composition. Following the ideas of P.A.Florensky and of Paroma Chatterjee the author of this article analyzes the formal juxtaposition of the ways a saint is presented in “srednik” (central part) as an eternal image with no connection with physical being and in the narrative cycle in “klejma” (on the edge) in which a saint takes part in the life events. The semantics of this composition form is revealed as a result of this comparison. We study such compositional techniques as a repetition of a saint as a protagonist both in “srednik” and in “klejma”, vita cycle in “klejma” as a frame for the central figure. Despite the linear composition of the narrative cycle the “reading” of the vita icon correlates the simultaneous perception of the image as a whole. Therefore, the vita icon is a well-thought-out composition system which expresses a saint’s manifestation throughout the living cycle.
Desarrollo de competencias en la formación inicial de docentes: Percepción de las personas tituladas de una universidad chilena
Authors: Bórquez Mella Jessica , Vega Teresa Sanhueza , Alarcón Chávez Pamela , Díaz Garrido Jenny
Published: April 2023

Conocer la valoración de personas profesionales tituladas respecto de su experiencia educativa permite a los programas formativos responder a las necesidades del medio sociolaboral. Se describen las percepciones de personas tituladas de las carreras de Pedagogía Media en Matemáticas y Pedagogía Media en Ciencias Naturales y Biología de una universidad chilena en cuanto a competencias, genéricas y específicas, alcanzadas, identificando factores que influyen en la existencia de brechas formativas. El estudio realizado durante los años 2020 y 2021, consideró un enfoque mixto. Participaron 43 mujeres y 26 hombres. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario, entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales. A partir del análisis, se observó que los participantes reconocen mayores espacios para el desarrollo de las competencias identitarias institucionales. La competencia Uso de TIC es percibida con pocos espacios para su desarrollo, pero con alta valoración de su dominio, en particular en el contexto de docencia a distancia. En ambas carreras se reconocen diversos espacios para el desarrollo de la competencia específica Diseño de la enseñanza, y se percibe un alto dominio de ella; no obstante, las percepciones difieren para las competencias de Evaluación para el aprendizaje e Investigación en la actuación docente. En cuanto a las brechas identificadas, el grupo participante plantea incorporar, en la formación, la estrategia de co-enseñanza y el modelo de Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje (DUA) para fortalecer el desarrollo de las competencias genéricas, Trabajo colaborativo, y Respeto y valoración de la diversidad, así como también las específicas de Diseño de la enseñanza y Evaluación para el aprendizaje.
Naturaleza de la ciencia y género como temas transversales en cursos de Física I de la UNED de Costa Rica
Authors: Herrero-Villarreal Diana , Navarro-Camacho Marianela , Korach Cascante Rachel Lyn
Published: April 2023

Este artículo evalúa la incorporación de los marcos teóricos Naturaleza de la Ciencia (NDC) y perspectiva de género en la asignatura de Física I en una universidad estatal costarricense, modalidad a distancia, con población en sedes universitarias en todo el país, en el segundo cuatrimestre (mayo y setiembre) del 2022. Se implementaron estrategias para analizar cómo se ha desarrollado la ciencia, cuáles han sido sus lógicas internas de generación de conocimiento y las influencias de los contextos históricos y sociales en su devenir y se enfatiza la participación de la mujer en la construcción del conocimiento científico. El diseño metodológico fue mixto, se aplicó un pre y postest a 58 estudiantes y se desarrollaron conversatorios para profundizar en los resultados obtenidos. Para el análisis se obtuvo el diferencial entre los test y los conversatorios; se interpretaron con base en categorías establecidas a priori y otras emergentes. Los hallazgos demostraron que hay cambios en las concepciones sobre la ciencia en cuanto a su carácter dinámico, el contexto de justificación y descubrimiento. Se logró comprender que en la generación del conocimiento intervienen aspectos sociales, históricos y culturales, no obstante, persisten ideas ingenuas sobre el método científico. Desde la perspectiva de género, se reconoce la invisibilización de la mujer, la división del trabajo por sexos; se asume una posición ingenua sobre mujeres extraordinarias en la ciencia y no se reconoce la presencia de ideas sexistas dentro de las teorías científicas. Las mujeres participantes en el estudio lograron una mayor movilización hacia las concepciones de NDC y perspectiva de género esperadas.
Тепловий розрахунок плоского сонячного колектора-водонагрівача
Authors: Бошкова І.Л. , Волгушева Н.В. , Бошков Л.З. , Потапов М.Д.
Published: April 2023

Перетворення сонячної енергії на теплову характеризується високою ефективністю, екологічністю і є економічно вигідним. Енергія випромінювання Сонця перетворюється на теплову енергію у пристрої, що називається сонячним колектором. Сонячні колектори відрізняються від інших типів теплообмінників низькими щільностями теплових потоків. Проаналізовано сучасні уявлення про методи підвищення ефективності конструкції плоского сонячного колектора. Встановлено, що раціонально розглянути конструкцію сонячного колектора з розташуванням труб на поверхні пластини, що поглинає, і під одним прозорим покриттям із загартованого скла. Методика розрахунку плоского сонячного колектора складена на основі математичних уявлень процесів теплоперенесення з урахуванням залежностей для розрахунку ефективності. Основними елементами плоского сонячного колектора, що беруть участь у методиці, є: поверхня (пластина), що поглинає енергію сонячного випромінювання та передає її рідини; труби, в яких протікає рідина, що нагрівається; прозорі для сонячного випромінювання покриття, розміщені над поглинаючою поверхнею та зменшують втрати теплоти в атмосферу за рахунок конвекції та випромінювання; теплової ізоляції. Наведена методика апробована при конструюванні плоского сонячного колектора для кліматичних умов, що відповідають Одеській області. Розрахунки проводилися за допущення стаціонарного режиму роботи колектора. В результаті базового розрахунку за найбільш несприятливих умов отримані геометричні характеристики колектора. Площа поверхні колектора, що отримується в результаті такого розрахунку, є основою для визначення його робочих характеристик в інших умовах. Розрахунки проведені для умов січня як найбільш холодного місяця та липня як найбільш спекотного. Варіаційні розрахунки дозволяють визначити умови зниження теплових втрат і підвищення ефективності колектора
A Vision for Recovery Models of Ukrainian Cities
Authors: Idak Yuliya
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The direction of the research is determined by the necessity to generalise and systematise knowledge about the ways of forming and organising the material and spatial environment of human activity at the territorial level, adapted to the needs of modernity. It needs to meet the tasks of sustainable development. The result of the work will be the selection of basic models that will deepen the understanding of the nature of the modern functioning of the living environment as well as will be able to serve as an ideological basis for the reconstruction of war-ravaged settlements of Ukraine. Research Design & Methods: In order to explore the methods for the recovery of Ukrainian cities, I have studied the European experience of modern architectural and urban planning practice in the cities of Austria (Vienna, Graz, 2022), Germany (Munich, Bielefeld, 2022), and Poland (Kraków, Wrocław, 2022). The main part of the research begins with the selection of attributive categories and the generalisation of various ways of organising the residential environment, which are in the vision of modern European city planning and are expressed through specific concepts and categories. Next, it was about the models that fix the connections and relationships essential to the specified conditions. Findings: The formation of residential units in Austria, Germany, and Poland made it possible to identify five basic models. Each of them is guided by theories, principles, concepts, and categories relevant to the essence of the model, but they are united by the paradigm of sustainable development. The contents of the proposed models open as follows: the formal model is focused on the harmonisation of the urban environment; the classical model is about the compliance with industry standards; the socio-economic model is involves ensuring equal and sufficient opportunities for citizens; the ecological model values the preservation and restoration of the natural environment; and the conceptual model is about producing ideas based on innovations. Implications / Recommendations: Such models do not necessarily have to be tied to specific places, but they are capable of initiating the introduction of new ideas and technologies into the organisation of the material and spatial environment of human life. Contribution / Value Added: This work is largely related to the filling of a theoretical lacuna that exists in the theory of urban planning, and is provoked by the development of special forms of the social, material, and spatial organisation of the residential environment within a certain territory and under certain conditions.
Recovery Effects of Exercise Rehabilitation According to The Cast Duration After Achilles Tendon Repair
Authors: Kim Yong-Kweon
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to confirm recovery effects of exercise rehabilitation according to the cast duration after achilles tendon repair.METHODS It was divided by 3, 6, 8 weeks of cast immobilization duration and this is a case study comparing the difference in recovery speed depending on the cast duration. Total cases were six and all patients were treated the same for two weeks after surgery. All physical examination checked at 12week, 14week, 16week and 18week. Test items were included swelling, visual analysis score, range of motion, functional movement and questionnaire scale.RESULTS As shown in the study, it was found that 3 weeks of cast immobilization and rehabilitation exercise after Achilles tendon repair were almost possible after 14 weeks of surgery, and 16 weeks later, dynamic exercises such as jogging were possible. However, in the case of cast immobilization for 6 weeks and 8 weeks, daily life was not possible until 16 weeks, and jogging was not possible until 18 weeks.CONCLUSIONS If you want to return to your daily life quickly after Achilles surgery, Three weeks of postoperative cast fixation and four weeks of rehabilitation exercise have been shown to shorten the recovery period than six or eight weeks of cast fixation.
A DFT-D4 investigation of the complexation phenomenon between pentachlorophenol and β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Kabouche Zoubir , Belhocine Youghourta , Benlecheb Tahar , Assaba Ibtissem Meriem , Litim Abdelkarim , Lalalou Rabab , Mechhoud Asma
Published: April 2023

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations based on the BLYP-D4 and PBEh-3c composite methods were performed for investigating the encapsulation mode of pentachlorophenol (PCP) inside the cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Different quantum chemical parameters such as HOMO, LUMO, and HOMO–LUMO gap were calculated. Complexation energies were computed at the molecular level to provide insight into the inclusion of PCP inside the β-CD cavity. The Independent gradient model (IGM) approach was applied to characterize the non-covalent interactions that occurred during the complex (PCP@β-CD) formation. Two modes of inclusion were considered in this work (modes A and B). Calculated complexation energies as well as the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and free Gibbs energy exhibit negative values for both modes A and B, indicating a thermodynamically favorable process. Weak Van der Waals interactions and one strong intermolecular hydrogen bond act as the main driving forces behind the stabilization of the formed most stable complex. This study was carried out to explore the potential use of the β-CD as a host macrocycle for sensing and capturing pentachlorophenol.
Inventory of Parenting Systems and Styles: A Measure for Early Childhood
Authors: Guimarães Fernanda Pinto Monteiro , Pereira-Silva Nara Liana , Barbosa Altemir José Gonçalvez
Published: April 2023

Abstract The Component Model of Parenting (CMP), from an evolutionary perspective, proposes a phylogenetically evolved repertoire of six systems (body contact, body stimulation, face-to-face exchange, object stimulation, and primary care) and two parenting styles (distal and proximal) by combining some of these systems. We developed the Inventory of Parenting Systems and Styles (ISEP) and applied it to hospitals and schools to analyze its psychometric properties. The parenting measure analysis we propose evolved 70 primary caregivers of young children with a mean age of 22.44 months. ISEP consists of 26 daily situations and assesses the most common parenting practices caregivers adopted in each one of them. Besides, we created a Coding Guide to Parenting Practice. It enabled us to classify each response according to the CMP systems. We found a variance of 84.67% and 95.55% in codification agreement between expert judges and a significant intraclass correlation coefficient for all parenting systems, which discloses validity evidence on the response process of the inventory. Our analyses indicated the occurrence of all parental systems, with a prevalence of narrative envelope and body stimulation. Cluster analysis revealed two clusters, one formed by proximal style and another by distal style, in accordance with the interactions of the system, representing a validity of evidence based on the internal structure of the instrument. ISEP provides reasonable measures for research and professional practice in Psychology. Further research with more extensive and diverse samples is necessary to refine the instrument and, especially its guide.
Existing as a being-with-heart-disease-who-developed-pressure-wounds: an understanding based on Martin Heidegger
Authors: Silva Aurilene Lima da , Silva Lúcia de Fátima da , Farias Maria Sinara , Ponte Keila Maria de Azevedo , Jorge Thais Vaz , Araújo Michell Ângelo Marques , Monteiro Ana Ruth Macêdo , Souza Ivis Emília de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand, using Martin Heidegger's phenomenological framework, the Being who experiences a heart disease and develops a pressure injury. Method: Qualitative, phenomenological study using Martin Heidegger's theoretical-philosophical-methodological framework. Nine participants were interviewed at their residences, from October to December 2015, Ceará. Results: Six meaning units were revealed: experiencing difficulties; dealing with the treatment of pressure wounds; not knowing the cardiac disease; being supported by family and friends; experiencing changes caused by disease; and maintaining faith in God. These Daily life was apprehended in an inauthentic life, chatter, curiosity, and ambivalence. Imprisoned to the vigor of having been, they live in anguish, supported by the faith in God and being-with-others in a movement of attentiveness. Conclusion: The phenomenon interferes with patients and families' daily lives rendering them vulnerable. There is a need for nursing to reflect on this experience and incorporate care that reaches human existence.
Pediatric nephrologist-intensivist interaction in acute kidney injury
Authors: Ferrari Cassio Rodrigues , Lopes Carlos Eduardo , Belangero Vera Maria Santoro
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) have concepts of diagnosis and management have water balance as their main point of evaluation. In our ICU, from 2004 to 2012, the nephrologist’s participation was on demand only; and as of 2013 their participation became continuous in meetings to case discussion. The aim of this study was to establish how an intense nephrologist/intensivist interaction influenced the frequency of dialysis indication, fluid balance and pRIFLE classification during these two observation periods. Methods: Retrospective study, longitudinal evaluation of all children with AKI undergoing dialysis (2004 to 2016). Parameters studied: frequency of indication, duration and volume of infusion in the 24 hours preceding dialysis; diuresis and water balance every 8 hours. Non-parametric statistics, p ≤ 0.05. Results: 53 patients (47 before and 6 after 2013). There were no significant differences in the number of hospitalizations or cardiac surgeries between the periods. After 2013, there was a significant decrease in the number of indications for dialysis/year (5.85 vs. 1.5; p = 0.000); infusion volume (p = 0.02), increase in the duration of dialysis (p = 0.002) and improvement in the discrimination of the pRIFLE diuresis component in the AKI development. Conclusion: Integration between the ICU and pediatric nephrology teams in the routine discussion of cases, critically approaching water balance, was decisive to improve the management of AKI in the ICU.
Curupira e Caipora: o papel dos seres elementais como guardiões da natureza
Authors: Costa Neto Eraldo Medeiros , Santos-Fita Dídac , Aguiar Leonardo Matheus Pereira
Published: April 2023

Resumo Povos indígenas e comunidades tradicionais dão prioridade às relações sociais e interativas entre humanos e não humanos, em que entes naturais, como animais, plantas, fungos, rios, cachoeiras, rochas, cavernas ou montanhas, estão imbuídos de espíritos, com subjetividades e consciência reflexiva. De acordo com as cosmopercepções de diferentes culturas, os seres elementais ou enteais atuam direta ou indiretamente na regulação de atividades antrópicas, guiando o comportamento dos indivíduos que adentram espaços naturais diversos, para fins de caça, pesca, coleta, cultivo, recreação etc. Por meio de uma revisão comparada de bibliografia obtida nas bases de dados Google Scholar e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), no período de janeiro a julho de 2021, o presente artigo discute acerca dos entes que exercem a função de guardiões da natureza e dos recursos, especialmente das espécies animais de interesse cinegético (caça). Uma atenção especial é direcionada a duas das entidades protetoras mais conhecidas no imaginário brasileiro: Curupira e Caipora. Torna-se premente conceber a união da espiritualidade com a ecologia, objetivando entender e apoiar as crenças locais, a fim de implementar estratégias ecologicamente embasadas para alcançar tanto a conservação racional dos recursos naturais quanto a manutenção do rico patrimônio biocultural a eles associada.
The construction of threats and enemies in US presidential discourses (1993-2013)
Authors: Resende Erica Simone Almeida , Leite Lucas Amaral Batista
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The construction of threats and enemies is a constant in international politics, and presidential rhetoric plays an important role in this process. In this article, we show how recent US presidential speeches articulate narratives and representations of threats and enemies. We will focus on the State of the Union addresses given by Bill Clinton (1993-2001), George W. Bush (2001-2009), and Barack Obama (2009-2013), thus encompassing 20 years of US foreign policy agenda. To do so, we will use two discourse analysis techniques. The first will highlights processes of linking and differentiation inherent to identities while the second, from the field of narratology, is employed to identify the narrative grammar that underpins the roles performed in narratives. We will show that rather than fixed, stable categories, threats and enemies are constantly in flux, being constructed against a permanent state of crisis.
O crime como obra de arte: Aníbal López, realismo traumático e crítica institucional (2000-2012)
Authors: Freitas Artur Correia de
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a relação entre criminalidade e arte contemporânea a partir do realismo traumático mobilizado na obra do artista visual guatemalteco Aníbal López durante os anos 2000. Para tanto, considera-se a ideia-limite do “crime como obra de arte” como um dos modos de elaboração poética do trauma na cultura contemporânea. A hipótese de fundo consiste em ressaltar a dimensão institucional dessa elaboração, ali incluída a crítica aos sistemas de produção e circulação da arte. Como se verá, parte da potência discursiva das obras de Aníbal López advém do choque deliberado entre dois contextos díspares: de um lado, o ambiente traumático de violência, criminalidade e pobreza da Guatemala dos anos 1990 e 2000; de outro, o contexto institucional do mundo da arte contemporânea globalizada, com seus ritos sofisticados, sua fauna exótica e culta, seus lugares próprios de exposição e legitimação.
Uso de técnicas de aprendizado de máquina para classificação de fatores que influenciam a ocorrência de dermatites ocupacionais
Authors: Rosa Ana Caroline Francisco da , Galdamez Edwin Vladimir Cardoza , Souza Rodrigo Clemente Thom de , Melo Maria das Graças Mota , Villarinho Ana Luiza Castro Fernandes , Leal Gislaine Camila Lapasini
Published: April 2023

Resumo Introdução: realizar a predição de doenças relacionadas ao trabalho é um desafio às organizações e ao poder público. Com as técnicas de aprendizado de máquina (AM), é possível identificar fatores determinantes para a ocorrência de uma doença ocupacional, visando direcionar ações mais efetivas à proteção dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: predizer, a partir da comparação de técnicas de AM, os fatores com maior influência para a ocorrência de dermatite ocupacional. Métodos: desenvolveu-se um código em linguagem R e uma análise descritiva dos dados e identificaram-se os fatores de influência de acordo com a técnica de AM que demonstrou melhor desempenho. O banco de dados foi disponibilizado pelo Serviço de Dermatologia Ocupacional da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e contém informações de trabalhadores que apresentaram alterações cutâneas sugestivas de dermatite ocupacional no período de 2000-2014. Resultados: as técnicas com melhor desempenho foram: neural network, random forest, support vector machine e naive Bayes. As variáveis sexo, escolaridade e profissão foram as mais adequadas para os modelos de previsão de dermatite ocupacional. Conclusão: as técnicas de AM possibilitam predizer os fatores que influenciam a segurança e a saúde dos trabalhadores, os parâmetros que subsidiam a implantação de procedimentos e as políticas mais efetivas para prevenir a dermatite ocupacional.
Occurrence of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira spp. in goats and sheep from an indigenous village in Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Galvão Cynthia Maria Morais de Queiroz , Oliveira Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de , Cavalcanti André Luiz de Aguiar , Nogueira Denise Batista , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de , Ramos Rafael Antônio do Nascimento , Mota Rinaldo Aparecido
Published: April 2023

Abstract This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira spp. antibodies in sheep and goats raised in villages of the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous community, Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 180 serum samples from sheep and 108 serum samples from goats of both sexes and different ages were analyzed. For antibody research, indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) were used for the protozoa T. gondii and N. caninum, and microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for Leptospira spp., with a cutoff titer of 1:64, 1:50 and 1:100, respectively. The frequency of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 16.6% (30/180) for sheep and 11.1% (12/108) for goats. The frequency of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 10.55% (19/180) for sheep, and 20.37% (22/108) for goats, while for Leptospira spp., 2.2% (4/180) of sheep and 1.85% (2/108) of goats reacted positively. The results obtained in this study are unprecedented in indigenous communities in the country and serve as an alert for monitoring goats and sheep from the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous village regarding the occurrence and productive impact of infections by T. gondii, N. caninum, and Leptospira spp., in addition to the occurrence of the zoonosis toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis in the indigenous community.
Evaluation in vitro of the virulence of two entomopathogenic heterorhabditid nematodes in the control of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae in byproducts of the sugar and alcohol industry
Authors: Monteiro Sobrinho Américo de Castro , Leal Luís Carlos de Souza Rodrigues , Monteiro Neto João Luiz Lopes , Chambarelli Melissa Carvalho Machado do Couto , Bittencourt Avelino José
Published: April 2023

Abstract Stomoxys calcitrans causes losses to livestock, mainly to cattle. This study aimed to determine the pathogenic potential of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88 and H. baujardi LPP7 against S. calcitrans larvae after being exposed to byproducts of the sugar and alcohol industry. The efficacy of EPNs on stable fly larvae was evaluated in bioassays with vinasse at three temperatures (16, 25 and 35 °C) and concentrations (0, 50 and 100%), as well as in relation to larva age (4, 6 and 8 days) in filter cake and EPNs concentration (100, 300 and 500 IJs/larva) in sugarcane bagasse. H. bacteriophora showed higher efficacy than H. baujardi at all temperatures. Vinasse did not have a negative effect on the virulence of H. bacteriophora. The age of fly larvae did not affect the mortality rates caused by the EPNs. In bagasse, H. bacteriophora presented higher mortality rates than the control group. It is concluded that EPNs can be a potential component in integrated strategies of stable fly control and outbreak prevention in areas of sugar and alcohol production.
Guitar Sonoristics in Sette studi by Maurizio Pisati
Authors: Wieczorek Radosław
Published: April 2023

The tone colour capabilities of the classical guitar have fascinated composers of earlier periods (F. Sor, Method for the Spanish Guitar, Cocks & Co, London 1832, p. 16) as well as those of the 20th and 21st centuries. The growing interest in timbre in the past century is also apparent in solo guitar music. An example of this is a collection of studies for guitar solo entitled Sette studi by Maurizio Pisati. This work illustrates how the sonoristic approach towards the instrument allows to achieve new expressive and artistic qualities. This article aims to define the concept of “sonor-istics”, indicate the role of the cycle among the composer’s works, and present the differences between the interpretation of the described studies and other works of the same type. Further-more, the author shall describe the technical and artistic challenges the performer is faced with at each stage of working on the piece: familiarizing oneself with a complex music score and abundant performance markings; understanding and performing the composer's intentions; sharpening the expression to help draw the listener into an original soundscape. The article will also pre-sent several examples of other works, the learning and interpretation of which can be facilitated by the experience gained while working on Sette studi.
Jan Edmund Jurkowski as a composer compared to other composing guitarists in Poland after 1944
Authors: Gurgul Wojciech
Published: April 2023

Associated with the Silesian musical circle, Jan Edmund Jurkowski played a significant role in the history of post-war guitar music in Poland. His activity as a teacher, music event organiser and designer of string instruments (as the creator of the eight-string Polish guitar) is widely known, as it has been repeatedly discussed in various publications. What is less common is the knowledge of his creative work, which – while not very prolific (14 preserved compositions and 3 compila-tions) – occupies a prominent place in the development of Polish guitar literature. The present text offers an insight into his creative legacy, both in terms of pieces intended for the guitar as well as performing ensembles consisting of different instruments, presenting it against the backdrop of other guitar composers working in Poland after the II World War. It demonstrates the importance of his achievements as a composer in the history of Polish guitar music, for he was the first guitarist in Poland to receive formal education in the field of composition.
The faces of the guitar in Poland up to 1981 in the context of the Polish Radio Archive records
Authors: Rutkowska Anna
Published: April 2023

The Polish Radio’s long-lasting broadcasting monopoly brought about the technological and later historical as well as political relegation of the guitar, in particular classical guitar, to a musical niche. The aim of the present study of a collection of recordings and programming documents stored at the Polish Radio Archive was to reveal the non-linear nature of the history of the popularisation of guitar music in Poland