bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical note: TEOS-10 EXCEL – Implementation of the Thermodynamic Equation Of Seawater – 2010 in EXCEL
Authors: Martins Carlos Gil , Cross Jaimie
Published: January 2022

Abstract. This paper and associated software implement the Thermodynamic Equation Of Seawater – 2010 (TEOS-10) in EXCEL for an expedite estimation of absolute salinity (SA), conservative temperature (Θ) and derived thermodynamic properties of seawater – potential density (σΘ), in situ density (ρSA, Θ, p) and sound speed (c). Vertical profile template plots for these parameters are included, as well as a SA – Θ diagram template, which includes plotting of the density field (computation of user selected σΘ lines is included). Estimation of absolute salinity relies on the interpolation of data from casts of seawater from the world ocean (IOC, SCOR and IAPSO, 2010), and the EXCEL workbook introduced here (TEOS-10 EXCEL, available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4763574) includes a subset of the TEOS-10 look-up tables necessary for this estimation, namely the salinity anomaly [deltaSA_ref] and the absolute salinity anomaly ratio [SAAR_ref] look-up tables. As the user simply needs to paste new data into the spreadsheet to automatically compute the oceanographic parameters referred above, this tool may prove to be extremely useful among all who are not comfortable of using the full-featured TEOS-10 programming language environments (e.g., MATLAB, FORTRAN), but rather need a simpler way of computing fundamental properties of seawater (e.g., density, sound speed), while adhering to current standards. Returned values are the same (up to 15 decimal places, i.e., difference = 0.000000000000000), as the ones obtained with the MATLAB version of the GSW (Gibbs Sea Water) toolbox (McDougall and Barker, 2011) available at the TEOS-10 website (https://www.teos-10.org). This paper describes the EXCEL workbook, its use, and the included VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) functions. Quality control against the GSW toolbox is also addressed, namely issues detected with the interpolated values returned by the toolbox when there are missing values in the reference look-up table. In these situations, the GSW toolbox replaces missing values with a level pressure horizontal interpolation of neighbour points, while it is clear from the testing results that vertical interpolation, which was then implemented in TEOS-10 EXCEL, returns a more robust solution (figs. 9 and 10).
Assessment of the significance of new phenotype parameters of Russian meat merino sheep by principal component analysis
Authors: Krivoruchko A. Yu. , Yatsyk O. A. , Skokova A. V. , Katkov K. A. , Kanibolotskaya A. A.
Published: January 2022

Phenotype assessment is an important process in breeding practice and for studying the influence of genes that shape the productive qualities of sheep. As a result of many years of selection and breeding work, the existing indicators fixed in the breed have lost their supposed potential, which dictates the need to search for new indicators that more accurately characterize the meat productivity of sheep. The aim of the work is to assess the informativeness of phenotype parameters in Russian meat merino sheep by the method of principal component analysis, for further use in genomic selection programs, as well as applicable for in vivo assessment of meat productivity. For the first time, new methods of assessing the exterior and interior for the study of meat productivity have been proposed and their efficiency has been determined for russian meat merino (RMM) sheep. The possibility of determining the size of individual muscle groups using such parameters as the girth of the shoulder, forearm and thigh by instrumental methods, as well as measuring the thigh muscle thickness and fat thickness (TMT and FT) in the lumbar region using ultrasound was studied. The object of the study was the one-year -old rams (n = 50) of the Russian Meat Merino (RMM) breed. To assess the significance of the proposed measurements, in comparison with those used in existing practice, the principal component method and correlation analysis were used. In the course of the work carried out, it was found that measurements: thigh volume, forearm girth had the most significant correlations with all parameters describing the exterior of the PMM breed. Based on the analysis of the main components, it was determined that the first six components in our study explained more than 80% of phenotypic variability. Thus, the proposed parameters determined by ultrasound: TMT and FT are advisable to use for the phenotypic assessment of the conformation of sheep of the RMM breed, especially when searching for genomic associations with productive qualities.
The muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox
Authors: Vasiliev D. V. , Khvatov V. A. , Barteneva Yu. Yu. , Stratonov A. S.
Published: January 2022

The study of the musculoskeletal system in the morphology of animals, and in particular the topography and functional significance of muscles, is an urgent area among Russian morphologists. Detailed knowledge of the structure, architectonics and function of the somatic musculature greatly simplifies the work of veterinary surgeons, physiotherapists and imaging doctors. The Bastard fox is a member of the canine family and is of particular interest to fur farms because of its valuable fur color. Also, this breed of foxes is popular in private farms, where wild animals are domesticated. In connection with the above, the purpose of our study was to study the anatomical and topographic features of the structure of the muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox.

Five corpses of Bastard foxes aged from three to five years, obtained from forced euthanasia from private farms and clinics in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, were used as dated material. The study took place at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. Traditional anatomical methods such as fine anatomical preparation, weighing and morphometry were used as research methods.

According to the results of the study, we found that the muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox have a characteristic structure characteristic of carnivores, but at the same time it has a number of individual characteristics.
The electrocardiogram of ferrets during early postnatal ontogenesis
Authors: Peshkin E. A. , Gulyaeva A. S.
Published: January 2022

In experimental researches, ferrets are used as model animals – an alternative to larger predators and rodents in studying various pathologies. Ferrets are exotic pets, and the effect of their domestication manifests itself in the development of various cardiovascular diseases. An electrocardiographic study allows to reveal already acquired heart pathologies such as arrhythmias in adult small animals. The most striking physiological adaptation to new living conditions is observed in ferrets in the early postnatal period. Knowledge of characteristics of the ferrets’ electrocardiogram during this period will help to identify congenital cardiac diseases. The aim of the study was to examine electrocardiograms of ferrets at the age of one month and compare the results obtained with adult small animals. Electrocardiograms were recorded in standard bipolar limb leads on a 12-channel computer electrocardiograph in the sternal body position. The analysis of the morphology of the P-wave, QRS complex, and T-wave was carried out, the characteristics of the amplitude indicators and time intervals was presented. It was revealed that the P-wave was predominantly peaked with the highest amplitude in the second lead, the complex of initial ventricular activity was represented by a singlephase R-wave; in some animals, the T-wave was biphasic in leads II and III. A high elevation of the ST segment was recorded on the electrocardiogram of all the small animals. The results obtained showed that significant changes were not observed in the electrocardiogram of one-month-old ferrets in comparison with adult healthy small animals, so their electrocardiogram described can be considered normal for their age.
Histological characteristics of the jejunum wall of sheep of the Edilbaev breed
Authors: Aslanov V. S. , Zelenevsky N. V.
Published: January 2022

On the basis of the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, we examined 10 corpses of sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed aged one year and older. The cadaverous material for the study was samples of the jejunum of sheep of the Edilbaev breed. In the course of the study, histological and morphological data were obtained and processed, as well as features of the histostructures of the jejunum wall of sheep of the Edilbaev breed in postnatal ontogenesis were revealed. In our study, a complex of traditional histological methods and staining was used: hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome. Violations of the trophism of the jejunum can lead to incomplete development of the organism as a whole, and in rare cases to a fatal outcome, leading to economically unprofitable situations in sheep farms. The lean book of sheep is a segment of the small intestine, in which not only band, wall digestion is carried out, but also the absorption of a large part of nutrients, micromacroelements, vitamins and water, as well as the area where diseases such as inversion and intussusceptions of the intestine are most common. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the walls of the jejunum of sheep of the Edilba breed aged one year and older have a similar structure with a similar type of digestive system in other ruminants. Morphometric data have been established, in particular, the thickness of the intestinal membranes, the thickness and height of the villi, the depth of the crypts in this breed of sheep, which may vary from a certain load of the digestive apparatus.
Functional state of the ovaries in mammary cows during the period of involution processes after parturition
Authors: Kuzmich R. G. , Garganchuk A. A.
Published: January 2022

As a result, it was found that the completion of the recovery of the ovarian function (the first ovulation after parturition) in cows is observed within 28.4±7.32-39.3±12.54 days after parturition, and the period from calving to the completion of uterine involution is from 44.5±9.37 to 58.2±10.56 days, depending on the productivity of animals. The maximum fertilization rate in cows with a milk productivity of 15-20 liters/day was 56.7% when they were inseminated in their third heat, in animals with the productivity of 25-30 liters this indicator was significantly lower - 34.7%.

Abnormalities in follicular genesis were revealed, which were characterized by the retardation in the development of follicles, and the absence of a dominant follicle. No yellow body and follicles were found in the ovaries, or, if follicles were found, their diameter ranged from 6 to 10 mm. The ovaries were slightly reduced in size: their length was about-3.21 cm and width-1.85 cm. Thereafter such follicles were subjected to luteinization or atresia.

In the course of studies on the 14th day after parturition, a low level of progesterone was found, almost 2 times (1.27 +0.19 and 0.67 +0.09 nmol/l), in the blood serum of cows with a daily milk yield of 25-30 liters or more. On day 30, the difference in the content of estradiol was 2.4 times (128.41+16.92 and 53.70+ 6.53 nmol/l, respectively) and progesterone-2.9 times (3.53+ 0.22 and 1.2+10.12 nmol/l) in cows in groups with different milk productivity. This indicates the fact that with a low level of progesterone, there is retardation in the recovery of the reproductive function in high yielding dairy cows after parturition due to the functional disorders of the ovaries and focuses on the need to use hormonal regulation during this period.
Oxidative stress in suyagny sheep at the end of gestation, as a factor in pathogenesis development of eclampsia
Authors: Bulatov R. N. , Avdeenko B. S. , Sengaliev E. M. , Plemyashov K. V.
Published: January 2022

Analysis of the results of medical examination of pregnant sheep 30...15...5 days before the expected term of lambing showed that in the urine of 12.11% of ewes, the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood plasma was 1.43 times higher than the physiological norm. In addition, there is a tendency to decrease the buffer bases to 18.41±1.53 mmol/l, as well as the glucose content below 2.12 ± 0.12 mmol/l. At the same time, the ratio of VN/ ACAS is up to 1.47 ± 0.12 mmol / L. It was found that the albumin fraction of proteins decreased by 1.51 times. Edema in the abdominal wall and underbelly, 9.5% lack of reaction to external stimuli, 15.0% decreased appetite, 10.0% jaundice of mucous membranes and 9.0% of sheep had a comatose state were found in 15.0% of animals. In a clinical study in sheep with eclampsia, hypertension over 136.1 mmHg and the presence of protein in urine over 3.2 g/l were recorded. These symptoms indicated classic signs of eclampsia, which occurred depending on the condition of sick animals in atypical and typical forms of manifestation. In animals with typical clinical signs of eclampsia, an increase in the level of diene conjugates was found to be 1.87 times, and the concentration of ketodiene intermediates and conjugated trienes was 1.75 times, the concentration of stable nitric oxide metabolites was 38.0%, and the vitamin E content decreased by 13.1%. At the same time, there was a 20.46% increase in the concentration of double bonds in the atypical form of eclampsia. In the blood plasma of patients with eclampsia of pregnant ewes, the activity of superoxide dismutase (1,736±0.37 units) is lower than in the comparison group (2,146±0.56 mmol/l). The obtained material of this work should be taken into account in the future when studying the problem of complicated pregnancy in the last stages of gestation in sheep and when developing therapeutic and preventive measures to ensure the long-term functioning of the reproductive potential and obtaining a viable newborn offspring.
Increasing head safety in broiler chickens when using probiotic Probiocid-Ultra under infection conditions of Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Tarlavin N. V. , Veretennikov V. V. , Javadov E. D. , Moiseeva K. A. , Yakovleva A. S. , Ilchevskaya Z. S. , Podurets E. A. , Tyurina D. G.
Published: January 2022

To prevent bacterial infections in birds, poultry farms often use feed antibiotics. Based on this, residues are often registered in products from such birds, which is dangerous for humans. Dietary supplements help to safely replace antibiotics and produce environmentally friendly products. They have a positive effect on the body of poultry: improve intestinal and microbial balance and, consequently, increase their safety and productivity.

The aim of the work was to study the ability of "Probiocid® Ultra" to inhibit the development of Clostridium perfringens. In the conditions of vivariums on the basis of SRCC of poultry farming experiment with chickens-broilers of cross "Ross-308" was put. Daily chickens were divided into 3 groups of 40 chickens at random - 2 control groups and the group, in the diet of which was introduced a complex of additional food "Probiocid® Ultra".

The birds were kept in the vivarium for 38 days. The microclimate, lighting, feeding and watering front complied with the requirements of Ross-308 cross. Since the age of 15 days 1 control group and the group with complex of additional feeding were infected with Clostridum perfringens at the dose of 1 billion microbial bodies per head. As a result of the experiment it was found that the studied Probiocid-Ultra has a positive effect on the poultry organism. When introducing this complex of supplementary nutrition in the diet of broilers under condi tions of Clostridium perfringens infection, a significantly higher preservation of livestock compared with the infected control was observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the complex "Probiocid® Ultra" is able to protect poultry under conditions of high pathogenic load on the body.
Monitoring of contamination of raw milk with residual quantities of antibiotics
Authors: Yurchenko A. Aa. , Glazunova L. A. , Gagarin E. M. , Glazunov Y. V.
Published: January 2022

Now in animal husbandry, more than 70 types of antibiotics are used, belonging to various groups. The most popular are longknown groups: penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins. The main reasons for the use of antibacterial agents are the presence of visible and latent pathologies in cows. Milk contaminated with antibiotics not only has significant restrictions on its use in processing, but also poses a serious threat to humans, as the end consumer of dairy products, as it provokes the development of antibiotic resistance. Laboratory studies were carried out on the basis of the Tyumen Regional Veterinary Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology, during 2019- 2020, the object of the study was 407 milk samples obtained from cows kept both in private farmsteads and in agricultural enterprises. It was found that 55.83% of raw milk samples delivered to the laboratory were contaminated with antibiotics. The most common antibiotic found in raw milk is amoxicillin (40.47% of all samples containing antibiotics), doxycycline (21.86%) was subdominant, erythromycin and azithromycin were encountered to a lesser extent (11.16% each), levofloxacin was encountered in 8.84% of milk samples with antibiotics, in rare cases the presence of streptomycin was recorded (6.51%). Most often, antibiotics were found in the summer. Thus, 54.42% of samples containing antibiotics were detected from June to August. Spring time accounted for 22.33% of all samples containing antibiotics. In autumn and winter, the proportion of samples with antibiotics was the smallest and amounted to 16.74 and 6.05%, respectively.
Insecticidal and repellent activity of the drug DELCID® 7.5 during wohlfahrtiosis in sheep
Authors: Engashev S. V. , Engasheva E. S. , Kolesnikov V. I. , Koshkina N. A. , Filimonov D. N.
Published: January 2022

In terms of natural and climatic conditions, the Stavropol Territory is favorable for the development of a number of ectoparasites on animals, which cause significant damage to the development of productive animal husbandry. One of the most common diseases in sheep breeding in the south of Russia is wohlfahrtiosis. This disease is caused by parasitizing of the Wohlfahrtia magnifica larvae, which can lay larvae on the scratches and wounds of the animal. In June 2021, a production experiment was conducted in Filimonovskaya stanitsa, Stavropol Territory, to test a drug Delcid® 7.5 for veterinary use during wohlfahrtiosis in sheep. All experimental animals (30 sheep) had skin damage after shearing and were invaded by W. magnifica. Three groups of 10 sheep each were formed. All sheep of the experimental group No. 1 with skin damage had one-time treatment with Delcid® 7.5 by applying it to the skin of the back, from the head to tail base along the spine, at a dose of 10 ml per animal. It was determined that the insecticidal effect occurred after 3 days, and the duration of the protective effect of the drug Delcid® 7.5 (serial number 040421O) against the W. magnifica, in which the COP was higher than 70%, lasted 35 days. The treatment of sheep from experimental group No. 2 was carried out by local application of the drug Delcid® 7.5 to the affected by W. magnifica larvae areas of the animal body with a cotton pad with an application rate of 0.2 ml/cm2. It was determined that the death of W. magnifica larvae occurred 60 minutes after the drug was used. The sheep of the control group No. 3 were infested during the entire experiment – 42 days.
The effect of various cryoprotective components on the survival of probiotic microorganisms after freeze drying
Authors: Yavnikov N. V.
Published: January 2022

In this study, the influence of various cryoprotectants on the viability of the consortium of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum 8 β and Bifidobacterium adolescentis 17-11 β after the lyophilic drying. These strains are manufacturing strains and are used for preparing feed additives. A total of 6 different protective environments were tested. The basis of all tested cryoprotector media was skimmed milk in a quantity of 10%, as cryoprotectants also used sucrose, lactose and SiO2, which were added to the skimmed milk in various combinations. Lyophilic drying was carried out according to standard procedure, with preliminary freezing of samples in cryostat up to minus 72 oC, the lyophilization process lasted 26 hours, during which the vacuum index varied from 40 Pa to 4 Pa, The temperature was raised to 28 оC. The effect of the protective medium on the survival of probiotic microorganisms was determined by planting a series of crops on agar MRS-4, incubation at 37 C in 48 hours, and then counting the colonies. Crops were produced before the drying procedure (the number of colonies was 100%) and immediately after. The highest survival rates of probiotic bacteria were obtained using a protective medium based on 10% skimmed milk and 10% skimmed milk with 2% SiO2 added, accounting for 81.84% and 82.48% respectively. The moisture content of the samples after drying was as follows: Medium based on 10% skimmed milk - 4.40%; 10% of skimmed milk plus 2% SiO2 - 4.93%. This humidity for lyophilic preparations of these bacteria is optimal, and promotes long-term storage of samples with continued viability.
Features of the Leningradsky region Priozersky district water reservoirs’ entomofauna
Authors: Baburina N. A. , Kangur A. Yu. , Baburina Ye. K. , Anichkova S. A. , Tretyakova Ye. M.
Published: January 2022

In order to monitor the aquatic entomofauna, insects were captured in various sections of the watercourse, both located near beaver settlements and located on reservoirs where beaver settlements and traces of their stay were not found. The data obtained during the study indicate that near the settlements of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber), the number of species of aquatic Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and dragonflies encountered is higher than at other collection stations. No significant differences in the number of entomofauna species were found for other taxa.
Specific features of chicken reproduction in small farms in North-West Russia
Authors: Ukolov P. I. , Sharaskina O. G. , Chigilinskaya P. I.
Published: January 2022

Modern farms are represented by different numbers of poultry, specialization and production volumes. In some cases, they are equipped with leading productive egg crosses. The aim of the research was to study the features of the reproduction of chickens in the conditions of farms specializing in the production of commercial eggs in the North-West region of the Russian Federation. The farm producing commercial chicken eggs in the Pskov region used the Loman Brown poultry, purchased from the Severo-Pskovskiy complex, as a parent flock. Since 2020, the farm has begun its own reproduction, using chickens and roosters purchased earlier and raised on the farm. The evaluation of the results of such use of the cross in a farm was carried out according to the indicators of safety, hatchability and early maturity of hatching, as well as the weight of the livestock obtained.The selection for the increased weight of the hatching egg did not affect the weight of the received adult reproductive livestock and is at the lower border of the average value for the region. Indicators of hatching eggs in terms of hatchability, safety and early maturity of hatching deviated from the first generation of hatching by 5%. The hatchability was 80%; received chickens with developmental pathology - 1%. At hatching, in males and females, phenotypic differences were not revealed, which complicates the early and effective selection of females for the formation of a productive livestock on the farm.
Species Composition of Molluscs in the Novorossiysk Bay
Authors: Izegova D. A. , Petrova M. S.
Published: January 2022

It is shown that the distribution of species composition of malacofauna of the coastal zone is uneven. The species diversity of malacofauna of the coastal zone of the Novorossiysk Bay includes 17 species of mollusks: 11 species (65% of all species found) belong to the class Gastropoda, 5 species (29%) to the class Bivalvia, and 1 species (6%) to the class Polyplacophora. The basis of abundance throughout the studied coastal part is created by bivalve mollusks, predominantly of the genus Mytilaster, and gastropods of the genus Rissoa. The Black Sea is inhabited by representatives of 3 classes of mollusks: gastropods, bivalve mollusks and shell mollusks. Species composition of coastal mollusks by status consists of 3 groups: mass (5 species), common (4 species) and rare (8 species).
Assessment of soil quality in some regions of Saint-Petersburg and Leningrad region.
Authors: Kaurova Z. A. , Umerenkova M. V.
Published: January 2022

Soil quality is the most important environmental indicator that allows you to determine the suitability of soil for various uses, in particular, for targeted use in agriculture [1]. To minimize the risks associated with the threat to animal and human health, it is necessary to regularly conduct a comprehensive soil analysis. It includes a study on the content of a number of inorganic substances, primarily heavy metals, the presence of which in livestock and crop products is contrary to food safety criteria. With an increase in the rate of urbanization, agricultural land, on which the production of plant raw materials continues, falls within the boundaries of megalopolises [4]. Obviously, with the growth of anthropogenic load on these areas, agricultural work will have to be stopped here. An alternative could be the suburban areas as far away from pollution sources as possible. It is interesting to study the chemical composition of soils in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region on plots that have already been used in agriculture and lands potentially suitable for this [5, 6]. In this study, the assessment of soil quality in two districts of the Leningrad region and in one district of St. Petersburg was carried out. The study was conducted between June and August 2021. The aim of the study was to assess the content of heavy metals in the soils of some districts of the Leningrad region and St. Petersburg.Heavy metals were found in all samples taken, but their maximum permissible concentrations were exceeded only in St. Petersburg.
Analysis of indicators of lysozyme activity of blood serum of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) when using the drug "Smartbiotic"
Authors: Karpenko L. Yu. , Bakhta A. A. , Ivanova K. P. , Polistovskaya P. A. , Pechenkina A. A. , Galetskiy V. B. , Rudyak V. P.
Published: January 2022

In this study, to activate the humoral link of nonspecific resistance of the fish organism, as well as to stimulate growth and development, prevent infectious and invasive diseases, the drug "SmartBiotic" was used, which contains humic acids. The research was carried out on the basis of LLC "Lososevo - whitefish nursery" Kingisepsky district, Leningrad region, the village of Velkota, which is the largest nursery in the city of Kingisepp for breeding rainbow trout. For the study, three groups of underyearlings of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were formed. One group served as control, and the other two were experimental. The first experimental group of young of the year received the drug at a concentration of 0.15%, and the second experimental group - at a dose of 0.25%. In the control group of rainbow trout, SmartBiotic was not used. All three groups were formed using the analog pairing method and raised in three different pools. Blood serum samples were taken twice: before giving postbiotic and one and a half months after using the drug. In the blood serum of fish in all three groups, the lysozyme activity of blood serum was determined according to the generally accepted method.
Features of the course and branching of the abdominal artery of a domestic cat.
Authors: Prusakov A. V. , Yashin A. V.
Published: January 2022

Diseases of the digestive organs in animals are quite common. They account for from 40.0 to 50.0 percent of all diseases with non-infectious pathology. Assessment of the possible consequences of the above-mentioned pathological processes, as well as the appointment of adequate treatment is extremely difficult without clear knowledge of the peculiarities of blood supply to internal organs. In connection with the above, the purpose of the study is to establish the features of the course and branching of the abdominal artery in a domestic cat. The material for the study was the corpses of ten cats aged eight to twelve years, excluding Maine Coon cats. The study was carried out using the method of vasorentgenography. The injection of the vascular bed was carried out through the abdominal aorta according to the generally accepted method. The injection mass was made according to the recipe: 1 part lead meerkat, 8 parts turpentine, 2 parts glycerin. After coagulation of the injection mass by performing a fine anatomical dissection, an organ complex was extracted from the corpse, including: the stomach with the final part of the esophagus and the initial part of the duodenum, pancreas and liver. X-ray shooting of the obtained preparations was carried out under the following technical conditions: current - 50 mA; tube voltage - 35 kV; focal length up to 50-60 cm; exposure - up to 1.5-3.0 seconds. Digital processing of the obtained images in order to determine morphometric parameters was carried out using the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software. It was found that the abdominal artery in a domestic cat carries arterial blood to the stomach, liver and pancreas. On its way, it gives rise to the splenic, left gastric and common hepatic arteries, which, branching many times, form a number of intra-systemic anastomoses that form the pathways of collateral blood flow of the above organs.
From the history of veterinary medicine in Mexico
Authors: Yaroshchuk A. I.
Published: January 2022

Based on published materials and archived data of the history of veterinary medicine in Mexico, there are presented the historical milestones of the development of veterinary medicine in the country and the prerequisites for the development of the veterinary school of Mexico, there are indicated the origin of state veterinary control. And also on a distinct example from the history of veterinary medicine, the role and importance of veterinary medicine in ensuring biological safety, in reducing and stopping emerging epizootics are shown. The problem of pressure of Mexico by other countries and other aspects of their relations in area of agriculture are indicated. The article shows the struggle of veterinary scientists with the political system of the country, their irrepressible craving for the development of discipline, which led to the formation of modern veterinary medicine in Mexico, as well as the path that the country has taken to ensure its biological well-being and food security.
The legal regulation in the area of biological waste management
Authors: Sladkova N. A.
Published: January 2022

The article presents an analysis of the current legislation in the field of biological waste management. Due to the presence of numerous regulatory and legal requirements for the handling of various wastes, difficulties arise in their implementation during the implementation of economic activities. Enterprises and organizations engaged in biological waste management activities should be guided not only by the requirements of legislation in the field of veterinary medicine, but also by environmental requirements. In this regard, there are objective difficulties in identifying all mandatory legal norms and, subsequently, compliance with them in economic activity. The result of contradictory and excessive requirements in the field of waste management are numerous fines [2] and court proceedings [3]. As recommendations, the article provides specific actions for economic entities that allow them to comply with the requirements of environmental legislation when carrying out activities for the disposal of biological waste by incineration.
The correlation between higher level of ketone bodies in the blood and the ketosis clinical signs of the Holstein highproductive cows
Authors: Nikitin V. V. , Korochkina E. A.
Published: January 2022

Ketosis of highly productive cows is one of the most common metabolic pathologies, the etiological basis of which is the negative energy balance of the animal's body. The consequences of this disease is a deterioration in the health and productive qualities of the animal. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out timely and comprehensive diagnostics. The aim of these studies was to analyze the level of ketone bodies in the blood of highly productive Holstein cows and their clinical condition in the first three weeks of milk production. The studies were carried out in one of the livestock farms of the Leningrad region on 35 highly productive cows (the annual milk yield is more than 10,000 liters of milk) of the Holstein breed щт 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after calving. At the same time, the clinical manifestation of ketosis and concomitant diseases, as well as changes in the dynamics of the level of ketone bodies in the blood, were taken into account using test strips for the determination of ketone bodies in the Optium Xceed glucometer. According to the results of the studies, the average level of ketone bodies in the blood of cows on the 5th day after calving was 1.59 ± 1.08 mmol / l, which corresponded to the norm. In cows, on the 10-15th day after calving, an increase in the level of ketone bodies was noted by 1.3-1.4 times and averaged 2.1 ± 1.14 and 2.25 ± 1.4 mmol / l, respectively. On the 20th day after calving, the level of ketone bodies stabilized. It was equal to 1.55 ± 1.22 mmol / l. During the clinical examination of the animals, no obvious signs of ketosis were found. Throughout the experiment, 31% of the cows have had postpartum endometritis of first degree (according to the grades adopted at the farm: I, II, and III degrees), 2.8% - second degree, and 2.8% - third degree endometritis. Mastitis was registered in 22.7% of cows, and purulent pododermatitis in 2.8%. In addition, the animals with an increased level of ketone bodies were not recorded clinical manifestations of ketosis and concomitant diseases. And the cows with high level of ketone bodies in the blood was noted the presence of clinical signs of concomitant diseases (mastitis, endometrium, etc.). We can suggested the absence of a characteristic relationship between the content of ketone bodies in the animal's body and its health. It could be necessary to continue research on a larger livestock of animals and it should be pay an attention on the farm’s management, cows’ production schedule (milking, feeding, rest) and their productivity as well.
Analysis of incidence of the proximal phalanx fractures in horses (2017-2020).
Authors: Suchkov M. V. , Martseva K. S. , Karklin A. I.
Published: January 2022

At present, the issue of the prevalence of fractures of the proximal phalanx among horses in the territory of the Russian Federation is insufficiently covered. This article analyzes statistical data on the incidence of this type of fracture, the information was collected based on the analysis of information from the database of the veterinary clinic "Maxima Vet". X-ray examination was used to diagnose and classify fractures. On the basis of its results, the method of treatment was determined. All horses (36 animals) described in the article underwent surgical treatment (osteosynthesis by screw fixation).The results of the work indicate that there is a tendency for an annual increase in the number of visits to the clinic with fractures of the proximal phalanx, which may be associated with increased customer confidence, the spread of errors in keeping and training horses, an increase in the level of provision of animal owners, etc. In this case, the most common are short and long incomplete long pastern bone fractures (44.4% of all types), in which, however, animals have the most favorable prognosis.
Preliminary Statistical Analysis of Lambda Bootis Stars
Authors: Ghazaryan S. , Alecian G. , Paunzen E. , Hakobyan A. A.
Published: January 2022

To enlarge our database of Chemically Peculiar stars, we compiled published data concerning the Lambda Bootis stars observed by high-resolution spectroscopy techniques during last decades. In total, 62 Lambda Bootis stars have been added to the database. To deepen our knowledge on statistical overview of the abundance anomalies versus the physical parameters of stars, our data were compared with previous compilations, as well as with Gaia DR2 data. Different statistical tests were applied on our data for 20 chemical elements for the search of interesting correlations for different physical parameters in the atmospheres of those stars. We confirmed all previous results and obtained correlations between different physical parameters, but because of the lack of the data, we could not find new correlations. We hope, that Gaia EDR3 data, on which we are working now, will help us to improve our database and to understand the nature of all Chemically Peculiar stars.
Features of a Sample of Star-forming Galaxies in two Adjacent SBS Fields
Authors: Hakopian S. A.
Published: January 2022

Some results are presented on studies of a sample of about hundred galaxies (“100SBS”) from two adjacent fields of SBS (Second Byurakan Survey), which have spectral data in SDSS (Sloan Digital SkySurvey-www.sdss.org ).The work is carried out as a part of the long-term program (Hakopian, 2013) forin-depth study of the galaxies in seven selected SBS fields (including the two under investigation).Comparative analysis was done between two classifications that the 100SBS objects got - from one side Starburst or Starforming in SDSS, from the other - SfGcont and SfGneb, with a possibility of further detailing in accordance to our scheme for SfG, i.e. star-forming galaxies. Obtained results showed good perspectives in using of our scheme for differentiation of activity phases of SfGs and for better statistics and comprehensive studies. Space distribution of 100SBS galaxies, what is important, homogeneously selected in continuous (32 sq.deg) area, was obtained using uniformly determined in SDSS redshift values. As it follows from the graphs plotted at 0.01 intervals the maximum of the distribution, with an equal number of Staforming and Starburst galaxies falls on the range 0.01<z<;0.019. The minimum of the distribution falls on the range 0.02<z<0.029 and more expressed for Starbursts. Also some difference is discerned in a diversity of morphological appearance of the galaxies composing two neighboring to it intervals.
Литературно-мифологические архетипы насилия, мира и милосердия в доисламской поэзии и прозе
Authors: Борисовский Андрей Владимирович , Резник Сергей Васильевич
Published: January 2022

В рамках реализации поставленной цели рассмотрена проблема реконструкции архетипов насилия, мира и милосердия, которые легли в основу идеологических конструктов религии ислама. Автор статьи ставит задачу извлечь архетипическую основу, растворенную в арабо-семитской (доисламской) мифологии, ставшую частью священных текстов ислама. Проведенный анализ арабо-семитской мифологии, которая отразилась в арабском языческом пантеоне, мифах и легендах, позволил реконструировать литературно-мифологические сюжетные архетипы доисламской арабской поэзии и прозы. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что архетипы насилия, мира и милосердия, сформированные арабской мифологией, нашли свое отражение в доисламской поэзии и прозе, прославлявших племенной патриотизм доисламских аравийских племен и ценности родоплеменного общества. Исламская теология, ориентированная на универсализм религии ислама, восприняла литературно-мифологические архетипы насилия, мира и милосердия доисламской поэзии и прозы и переработала их в соответствии с потребностями новой монотеистической религии, выходящей далеко за рамки этики племенного патриотизма.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEBAGAI NUTRISI PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG DAUN (Allium fistulosum L.) SISTEM AEROPONIK
Authors: Hairul Muhammad , Dahlan Dahlan , Aimanah Ummu
Published: January 2022

Kajian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan bahan organik sebagai nutrisi pada pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang daun sistem aeroponik. Kajian dilaksanakan di Lahan pekarangan Kelompok Tani Tamalanrea Kelurahan Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa dan kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian di laksanakan di Kelurahan Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa. Metode kajian disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 9 plot percobaan. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan uji F menunjukkan Efektivitas penggunaan bahan organik sebagai nutrisi pada pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang daun sistem aeroponik pada kaji widya yang dilakukan terlihat pada perlakuan minggu ke 4 menunjukan perbedaan yang nyata. Jumlah daun terbaik minggu ke 6 adalah P3 (3,2 helai) tidak berbeda nyata pada minggu ke 1 sampai minggu ke 6. Berat basah produksi terbaik pada P3 81 gram.
KERAGAAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU PETANI DALAM MENGGUNAKAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADA TANAMAN CABAI DI KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Halil Warda , Yusmasari Yusmasari , Yuniarsih Eka Triana
Published: January 2022

Penggunaan pupuk kimia yang berlebihan dan tidak sesuai dosis pada tanaman cabai merupakan salah satu kebiasaan yang dilakukan petani. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan unsur hara dalam tanah menjadi kurus. Salah satu alternative yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan pupuk organic yang dapat memperbaiki struktur tanah, mudah diperoleh dan tidak rumit cara pembuatannya serta ramah lingkungan.  Penggunaan pupuk organic, tergantung dari pengetahuan, sikap dan ketrampilan petani. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku petani dalam menggunakan pupuk organic.  Metodologi dengan menggunakan wawancara langsung kepada petani dengan jumlah petani 60 orang. Metode  analisis dengan menggunakan teknik scoring. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa tingkat pengetahuan petani  (65%), sikap (56,6%) dan perilaku (51,67%) petani dalam penggunaan pupuk organic pada tanaman cabai di Kabupaten Jeneponto  termasuk dalam kategori sedang.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN PRODUK OLAHAN HASIL PETERNAKAN BAKSO GORENG PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI MELALUI DIGITAL MARKETING SYSTEM
Authors: Natsir M. Imam Fadhlurrahman , Balla P. Tandi , Aryawiguna Muh. Irfan
Published: January 2022

Animal farm is one of important sub-sector in the farming industry to produce animal-based protein in the development. In Indonesia, there are many food processing producers and industries, such as the meat-processing industry. Meatball is one of the examples of meat-based products. It is a typical meat-based dished that is very popular in the country. This study aims to identify the marketing strategy of fried meatball through digital marketing system by determining the segments (geographical and demographic), targeting (value, volume, product, price, promotion, and distribution), and positioning (STP). It also examines the business strategy using SWOT analysis.  The fieldwork has been conducted from March to June at Al Barokah Shop, Somba Opu district, Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan. The research analysis used descriptive statistics. The location of the samples was determined by purposive sampling. From the study, it reached a 35,17% effectivity rate. From the SWOT analysis, it could be concluded that appropriate strategies are social media marketing, public market, and developing the product to be a partnership to increase productivity.
APLIKASI METODE KAJI TERAP PADA PENYULUHAN DAN INTRODUKSI AYAM SENSI SEBAGAI AYAM UNGGUL DI KABUPATEN PINRANG, PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Tondok A. R. , Qomariyah N.
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap petani dalam teknologi budidaya ayam Sensi melalui kegiatan kaji terap. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Malimpung, Kecamatan  Patampanua, Kabupaten Pinrang. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melalui pendekatan secara bersifat partisipatif yang melibatkan peternak kooperator, penyuluh, dan peneliti. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan, bahwa : 1) Tingkat partisipasi peternak secara keseluruhan cukup baik (67.6%) dan tingkat partisipasi tertinggi pada 6 (lima) komponen aktivitas, sementara yang terendah pada komponen aktivitas yaitu penjemuran (8.0%) kemudian disusul oleh aktivitas penggilingan (20.0%) (2) Respon atau tanggapan petani kooperator cukup baik, khususnya pada teknologi pengolahan pakan (3) Tingkat kepuasan petani terhadap pelaksanaan demonstrasi sangat baik dengan nilai sangat puas sebanyak 89% dan 11% merasa puas (4) Berdasarkan hasil kinerja teknologi diperoleh pertambahan bobot badan sebesar 18.09 g/e/h.
PEMANFAATAN INFORMASI PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN (CYBER EXTENSION) BAGI PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI PROVINSI PAPUA DAN PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Yulianti Rezky
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penyuluh pertanian dan pemanfaatan informasi penyuluhan pertanian yaitu Cyber Extension pada peserta Pelatihan Dasar Fungsional Penyuluh Pertanian Terampil THL-TBPP di Provinsi Papua dan Papua Barat. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Oktober 2018 di Balai Besar Pelatihan Pertanian Batangkaluku, Kabupaten Gowa, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah semua peserta Pelatihan Dasar Fungsional Penyuluh Pertanian Terampil THL-TBPP Provinsi Papua dan Papua Barat sebanyak 29 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa kuisioner, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan wawancara dan observasi langsung. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dan ditampilkan melalui tabel distribusi frekuensi Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden memiliki karakteristik yang beragam, selain itu dalam memanfaatkan informasi penyuluhan juga termasuk kategori rendah.
MONITORING OF LEGIONELLA SPP. IN THE WATERWAYS OF MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Department of Epidemiology and DM, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Stoeva Velina , Kevorkyan Ani ,   Department of Epidemiology and DM, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Tomova Iskra ,   NRL Especially dangerous bacterial infections, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria., Stoilova Yordanka ,   Department of Epidemiology and DM, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To monitor the presence of legionella bacteria in the water supply system of medical institutions in order to optimize the recommendations for the quality of water used for treatment. Materials and methods: Two cross-sectional epidemiological studies were performed to prove representatives of Legionella spp. in water samples from medical and dental equipment and water from the water supply network in medical institutions (MI) in Plovdiv. During the first period of time (March 2013 - March 2015), a total of 97 samples were taken and 24 samples during the second period (July-August 2019) in two consecutive visits. The following were examined: Faculty of Dental Medicine (FDM), Surgical Complex (SC) of the University Hospital "St. Georgi" and individual dental practices (IDP). Water samples were tested at NCIPD-Sofia. Results: In the period 2013-2015, the presence of legionella bacteria was found in 33 (34.02%) of the SC samples, in 1 out of 10 samples in IDP, and there were none detected in FDM. Non-compliances with requirements of hot water temperature, type of water used when working with devices generating a fine water aerosol have been found. Five years later, only 1 positive sample of SC was proved, in which the water supply network was rehabilitated in the interval between the two surveys. Conclusion: For the purposes of good medical and dental practice, it is necessary to conduct periodic monitoring of the "legional landscape" and the microbiological status of the water used for treatment.