bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion (ACE I/D) Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Essential Hypertension
Authors: Kuswara Hasna Nurazizah , Nauphar Donny , Sari Ariestya Indah Permata
Published: December 2024

Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of death globally due to its complications, including coronary heart disease and stroke. In 2018, hypertension cases in West Java were the second highest among all populations in Indonesia. Genetics is one of the unmodifiable risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) gene polymorphism could affect ACE production in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which is linked to the regulation of blood pressure.
Aims: To analyze ACE I/D gene polymorphism as a risk factor for hypertension in Cirebon.
Methods: An observational analysis with a case-control design was used in this study. Blood samples were collected from 30 hypertensive patients and 30 healthy individuals at Talun Health Center. DNA extraction was performed to evaluate polymorphisms using ARMS-PCR. Statistical analyses, including the Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis test, were conducted to compare the case and control groups. The odds ratio was calculated to see the risk of the assessed variables, including genotype, allele frequency, and the presence of ACE I/D gene polymorphism.
Results: In the case group, the frequency of the II genotype was 2 (6.7%), the ID genotype was 25 (83.3%), and the DD genotype was 3 (10.0%). In the control group, the frequency of the II genotype was 2 (6.7%), the ID genotype was 26 (86.7%), and the DD genotype was 2 (6.7%). Statistically, there was no significant association between ACE I/D gene polymorphisms in essential hypertension patients and healthy people (p=0.500; OR=1.556; 95% CI=0.241-10.049).
Conclusion: ACE I/D gene polymorphism was not significantly associated with essential hypertension in Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. 
 
Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 21 October 2024  | 
Revised: 23 November 2024  |  Accepted: 30 November 2024.
Self-reflection Levels in Learning among the Medical Students at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Faturrahman Farhan Raka , Permatasari Tissa Octavira , Meidianawaty Vivi
Published: December 2024

Background: Self-reflection is one of the most important characteristics that students, especially medical students, need to have during their studies. With the challenges across medical doctor programs, students need to have adequate self-assessment skills.
Aims: This study aims to determine the level of self-reflection skills in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati at the academic and professional stages.
Methods: This is a descriptive observation research with 418 respondents consisting of students at the academic and professional stages. This study used a reflection-in-learning questionnaire that has been adapted into Indonesian to assess the level of student self-reflection with the results are divided into six levels of indicators: "Null", "Minimal", "Restricted", "Partial", "Sufficient", and "Maximal".
Results: The results of this study indicate that the highest level of student self-reflection is in the "Sufficient" indicator (45%), followed by the "Maximal" indicator (34.2%), the "Partial" indicator (18.7%), the "Restricted" indicator (1.9%), the "Minimal" indicator (0.2%), and the "Null" indicator (0%).
Conclusion: This study concludes that the level of self-reflection skills in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, both at the academic and professional stage, is classified as a level of ability that is quite good.
 
Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 17 October 2024  | 
Revised: 05 November 2024  |  Accepted: 30 November 2024.
Correlation between Self-compassion and Academic Procrastination with Learning Achievement among the Medical Students at Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Septiawati Ayu Dwi , Sulistiyana Catur Setiya , Primanagara Risnandya
Published: December 2024

Background: Learning achievement is primarily measured by GPA. A positive self-concept, nurtured by self-compassion, is essential for achieving academic excellence. Self-compassion helps students cope with stress and boost motivation. On the other hand, procrastination is a common obstacle to academic success. Ineffective time management and organizational skills are hallmarks of procrastination.
Aims: To describe the levels of self-compassion and procrastination among medical students and to examine how these factors relate to academic performance.
Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 266 active medical students at UGJ, selected through stratified random sampling. Data was collected using an online questionnaire, including the Self-Compassion Scale and the Academic Procrastination Scale. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted, with a Spearman correlation test used to assess the correlation between variables due to the non-normal distribution of self-compassion and academic achievement.
Results: The majority of participants exhibited moderate levels of self-compassion (56%). Similarly, the majority (38.7%) demonstrated moderate levels of academic procrastination. In terms of learning achievement, the majority of participants achieved a GPA between 3.01 and 3.50 (32.3%). A significant positive correlation was found between self-compassion and learning achievement (p-value<0.001, r=0.339). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was observed between academic procrastination and learning achievement (p-value<0.001, r=-0.234).
Conclusion: This research shows that higher self-compassion is associated with better learning outcomes whereas higher academic procrastination is associated with worse learning outcomes.
 
Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 17 October 2024  | 
Revised: 17 November 2024  |  Accepted: 30 November 2024.
Genetic Polymorphism of Interferon-Gamma +874T/A as a Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Kiteswara Allain Umadela Deuxawalu , Sari Ariestya Indah Permata , Pratamawati Tiar Masykuroh
Published: December 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. With 10% of all cases worldwide in 2022, Indonesia is the second-largest contributor of tuberculosis cases. IFN-γ gene polymorphism is one of the factors that have been studied extensively for its association with TB.
Aims:  To analyze IFN-γ +874T/A gene polymorphism as a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in Cirebon.
Methods: Observational analysis with case control design was used in this study. Thirty-two tuberculosis patients as cases and 32 healthy controls at RSUD Waled were collected and performed DNA extraction to evaluate the polymorphism by using Amplification-refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction (ARMS–PCR). Statistical comparison was performed by using Pearson Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis test. Mann-Whitney U test was done for post hoc test. Odds ratio was calculated to see the risk of the assessed variables, including genotype, allele frequency, and the presence of polymorphism.
Results:  In the case group, the frequency of TT genotype was 3 (9.4%), TA genotype was 26 (81.3%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). In the control group, the frequency of TT genotype was 12 (37.5%), TA genotype was 17 (53.1%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). A significant difference (p=0.034) was found among 3 genotype groups. Post hoc test revealed that TT and TA was the pair with significant difference (p=0.007). In addition, TA polymorphism was significantly associated (p=0.004) with tuberculosis (OR=6.614; CI95% = 1.660-26.349).
Conclusion: IFN-γ +874 TA gene polymorphism is associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in the population of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia.
 
Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 23 October 2024  | 
Revised: 10 November 2024  |  Accepted: 30 November 2024
Financial Literacy and Tax Compliance by Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Shariff Hussein , Musau Salome
Published: December 2024

Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) has on numerous occasions failed to meet its revenue collection targets. Discord in tax compliance between Kenya taxpayers and collectors has been highly witnessed. Most SMEs engage in rampant tax evasion hence this study sought to establish effect of financial literacy on SMEs tax compliance level with a nucleus on the effect of budgeting, financial forecasting, credit management and investment diversification. Four critical theories of knowledge-based view, theory of planned behaviour, dynamic capabilities theory and contingencies theory fastened the research. A correlational research design was employed. 190 SMEs was sampled from the population of 846 manufacturing SMEs registered with KAM. Employing a semi-structured questionnaire, primary data was gathered. It was established that budgeting, financial forecasting, credit management and investment diversification had a positive notable effect on tax compliance. A budget was concluded to curtail SMEs expenditures and ensure tax compliance is on track for the future, accurate financial forecasts enable businesses to identify potential market risks and opportunities, there by facilitating better decision-making, effective credit management plays a crucial role in sustaining a healthy cash flow, minimizing financial risks, and building strong customer relationships. Additionally, investment diversification enables SMEs to attract new clients without requiring significant investments in additional personnel or resources. The study recommends that the SMEs should keep their budgeting flexible for better business results and veracity. The SMEs should project future sales by analysing market trends, historical performance, and other influencing factors. SMEs should properly define their credit management process and head for overseeing credit management and enforcing payment terms including handling late payments. SMEs could also benefit from establishing their own virtual mutual fund by investing in a selection of trusted companies that they regularly engage with in their daily operations.
Implementasi P5 melalui Kolaborasi Musik Angklung dan Tari Tor-tor di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ansya Yusron Abda'u , Salsabilla Tania
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze and implement the Pancasila Student Profile Improvement Project (P5) through traditional arts collaboration for 4th grade students of Muhammadiyah Elementary School 29 Sunggal. This study uses a qualitative method with a classroom action research (CAR) design by integrating the West Javanese angklung game and the North Sumatran Tor-Tor dance into learning. The location of the study was Muhammadiyah Elementary School 29 Sunggal, where the study was conducted on 4th grade students of the 2023/2024 academic year from January 2024 to June 2024. The subjects of this study were 25 4th grade students of Muhammadiyah Elementary School 29 Sunggal. The results of the study showed that the P5 project improved students' understanding of Pancasila values, especially mutual cooperation and tolerance through active involvement in collaborative activities and the positive impact on students' cultural understanding and character was very visible. The evaluation highlighted the importance of adding training sessions, improving technical guidance, and integrating cultural activities into the regular curriculum. In conclusion, this P5 project has improved students' skills and understanding of Indonesian culture and strengthened Pancasila values, which have the potential to be applied to other classes in the future.
Memberdayakan Pendidik melalui Kepemimpinan Transformasional: Peran Kepala Madrasah dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Guru
Authors: Nailan Akhmaliah Siti , Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy
Published: December 2024

The motivation for the study was the importance of transformational leadership in developing teachers' work at MIN Bandung. However, there is little research on the contribution of this type of leadership in Islamic education. The purpose of this study is to examine the responsibilities of school/madrasah leaders in improving teacher performance. This study used a quantitative comparative method. The research sample consisted of 21 teachers from MIN Bandung, and information was gathered through a Likert scale-based questionnaire that measured teachers' perceptions of transformational leadership and teachers' roles, and the relationship between variables. Based on the research, the findings indicate that the transformational leadership of school leaders in MIN Bandung is in the best category, and is positively and significantly related to improving teacher performance. It can be concluded that transformational leadership is essential to establish supportive working conditions, which can motivate and encourage teachers to be more creative and responsible to ensure the quality of academic coaching in schools.
Pengaruh Media Sosial Tik Tok terhadap Interaksi Sosial Siswa Kelas Rendah Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI)
Authors: Almahdi Achmad Arif , Suwardi Suwardi , Nugroho Imam Wahyu
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Tik Tok social media on the social interaction of low grade students of madrasah ibtidaiyah (MI). The type of research used is quantitative with a survey method. The data collection technique uses questionnaires and documentation. The results of the study show that Tik Tok social media has an effect on the social interaction of low-grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). The significance value between the Tik Tok social media variable (X) and the social interaction variable (Y) is 0.002. This value is less than 0.05 (0.002 <0.05). This means that simultaneously it can be concluded that the Tik Tok social media variable (X) has a significant effect on the social interaction variable (Y). The coefficient value between variable X and variable Y is 0.247. This value indicates the magnitude of the influence of Tik Tok's social media on social interaction is 24.7% and 75.3% is influenced by other factors. The regression coefficient X of 0.530 states that for every 1% addition of Tik Tok's social media value, the value of social interaction increases by 0.530. The conclusion that can be drawn is that Ha can be accepted and H0 is rejected.
Analisis Hambatan Guru dalam Penerapan Model PBL pada Pembelajaran PAI di SMP Darul Hikmah Pagutan Mataram
Authors: Rahman Zidan Fitrayadi , Arifin Syamsul , Maujud Fathul
Published: December 2024

The problem based learning (PBL) model is very suitable for use in Islamic religious education (PAI) learning in schools. This PBL model links subject matter to students' daily life situations, however in its application this PBL model does not always work effectively but there are several obstacles experienced by teachers. This article aims to analyze teachers' obstacles in implementing the problem based learning (PBL) learning model in PAI learning at Darul Hikmah Pagutan Mataram Middle School. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data collection uses the Miles and Huberman framework by means of data condensation, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this research show that the obstacles for teachers in implementing the PBL model in PAI learning at Darul Hikmah Pagutan Mataram Middle School are hampered by the lack of facilities and infrastructure that support PBL model learning, lack of teacher readiness because they have additional duties as school administrators, limited study time, and Students' thinking abilities are not the same because each student has a different background.
Big Book Media for Optimizing Reading Literacy in Grade III Students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Firmansah Deri , Nur Kalifah Diah Rizki
Published: December 2024

In today's digital era, although technology brings various benefits, reading literacy among students, especially at the elementary level, has experienced an alarming decline. This condition also has an impact on elementary school students who are more interested in digital entertainment than reading books, which ultimately affects their motivation and literacy skills. This study aims to develop Big Book media and test its effectiveness in improving reading literacy of grade III students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of the study were grade III students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 6 Bandar Lampung consisting of two classes, with a total of 60 students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The research instrument used a validation questionnaire by experts, teacher responses and student responses. To determine the score in the expert validation questionnaire and teacher and student responses, the data was analyzed using a Likert scale while to test the effectiveness of the product/product feasibility using a pretest and posttest with the N-gain test. The validation results showed that this media was very feasible to use, with a validation percentage of material experts of 91.5%, media experts of 84.75%, and language experts of 89%. Small and large-scale trials gave average results of 91% and 92% respectively, which were categorized as "Very Feasible". The results of the pretest and posttest analysis showed an increase in the N-Gain score in the "Medium" category for both classes. These findings indicate that the Big Book media is effective in increasing interest and reading literacy skills.
The Effect of Motivation and Learning Style on Student PAI Learning Outcomes at SMP Negeri 02 Piobang Kec. Payakumbuh
Authors: Azahra Fatma , Charles Charles , Afrinaldi Afrinaldi , Wati Salmi , Riski Pratama Andy
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to address the low motivation and learning styles of class VIII students in participating in learning activities at SMP Negeri 02 Piobang, Payakumbuh District. Issues observed include students not paying attention during lessons, lack of focus, and leaving school early. The research aimed to: (1) examine the influence of learning motivation on PAI (Islamic Education) learning outcomes; (2) analyze the effect of learning styles on PAI learning outcomes; and (3) investigate the combined effect of motivation and learning style on PAI learning outcomes. The study employed a quantitative ex post facto approach, with data collected through questionnaires and multiple-choice tests. A simple random sampling technique was used to select participants from the student population. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed the following results: (1) Learning motivation significantly influences PAI learning outcomes, as indicated by a p-value < 0.05 and t-value of 13.527 > 1.99345; (2) Learning style also significantly affects PAI learning outcomes, shown by a p-value < 0.05 and t-value of 14.279 > 1.99345; and (3) Both factors together significantly influence PAI learning outcomes, with an F-value of 101.516 > 3.124 and p-value < 0.05.
Organisational culture and institutionalisation of green supply chain management
Authors: Lunga Mangakane Johanna , Pooe David
Published: December 2024

The international community faces numerous sustainability challenges. In response, firms tackle these difficulties by adopting and implementing Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) techniques. However, there has been minimal discourse in the literature concerning the institutionalisation of GSCM. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the institutionalisation of Green Supply Chain Management, specifically concerning South African cement businesses. The study specifically examines institutionalisation from the standpoint of organisational culture. In addition to examining existing literature, the researcher intentionally selected 23 supply chain practitioners from six prominent cement companies, environmental law officials, and academics to provide their insights and perspectives on the influence of organisational culture in institutionalising Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) within the cement industry. Thematic analysis was employed to examine primary data. The study findings indicated that the organisational culture obstructing the institutionalisation of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) factors comprised resistance to green policy implementation, insufficient top management support, and misalignment between green strategy and corporate goals. Conversely, the organisational culture promoting GSCM institutionalisation included human development and investment, effective communication, incentives, and a strong green culture as primary drivers. The study will inform supply chain professionals, cement company managers, environmental regulatory agencies, and NGOs about the significant influence of organisational culture on the institutionalisation of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM). The influence of culture on the institutionalisation of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM).
Human-centric technologies in sustainable supply chain management: a systematic review of the evolution from Industry 4.0 to 5.0
Authors: Samuels Alexander
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the shift from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 in relation to sustainable supply chain management (SCM), highlighting the incorporation of human-centric technologies. As industries progress, there is an increasing necessity to integrate technologies that enhance human-machine collaboration, optimise operational efficiency, and foster sustainability. This work aims to do a systematic review of the evolutionary process, emphasising the transformation of supply chain management by these technologies. A systematic review technique, adhering to the PRISMA framework, was utilised to collect and assess pertinent material published between 2010 to 2024. The review encompassed an exhaustive database search, stringent eligibility screening, and thematic analysis via Atlas-ti software to discern main themes and patterns concerning the incorporation of human-centric technology in supply chain management. The results indicate that the change to Industry 5.0 entails a substantial movement towards human-automation collaboration, with AI and machine learning as essential components. Digital transformation is redefining supply chain management by utilising big data, the Internet of Things, and blockchain technology to enhance transparency, traceability, and decision-making. Bionic supply chains, integrating human intelligence with machine efficiency, are developing as a vital foundation for operational resilience and sustainability. The study suggests that the incorporation of human-centric technology in supply chain management enhances efficiency and sustainability while fostering a more resilient supply network adept at reacting to interruptions. This paper offers essential recommendations for academics and practitioners seeking to enhance supply chain operations in the context of Industry 5.0.
Leadership and communication strategies for managing organisational change: insights from eThekwini automobile dealerships
Authors: Chukwuma Nonye , Zondo Robert-Walter Dumisani
Published: December 2024

Research studies have proven that leadership styles and communication are positively and significantly related to effective change management. This implies that the influence of leadership on effective communication is integral to the success of any organizational performance. These leadership styles include transformational and transactional leadership. The study was based on two different theories; the leadership theory and the communication theory. The study was descriptive in nature considering a sample size of 300 employees in the selected dealership organisations operating in the eThekwini, South-Africa. Data collection was achieved by handing out questionnaires to 300 employees, out of which 170 were returned completed. The study was analysed by means of correlational and regression analysis ascertained through the structural equation model (SEM). The study found that leadership styles and communication were positively and significantly related and are major determinant to the success of an effective organisational change management. The study further concluded that leadership styles and communication were positively and significantly related to effective change. Conclusively, it was indicated that the transformational leadership style stands out as the most effective leadership style for successful change management. It was also agreed that integrated communications which involves the application of more than one communication strategy to pass important information especially regarding change management was vital. The study recommended the adoption of transformational leadership style in the various departments of the organization. Also, it considers the application of integrated communication which includes verbal, non-verbal, written, assertive and electronic means of communication.
Unveiling the hidden dynamics: role of HRM in supporting the health and safety of healthcare workers in the post-Covid 19 pandemic world of work: an integrative review
Authors: Bangura Samuel
Published: December 2024

The main purpose of the study was to uncover the hidden dynamics of HRM's role in supporting the health and safety of healthcare workers in the current world of work. It specifically focuses on an integrative review conducted in Durban, Republic of South Africa. In terms of design, that study approaches an integrative review conducted on 26 research articles and journals from reputable sources such as Google Scholar and Ebsco-host. The focus of the review was on the impact of human resource management on the well-being of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 200 results were collected and categorised based on specific inclusion criteria, with a focus on the intersection of HRM, COVID-19, and healthcare workers. The inclusion criteria are premised on the fact that articles that did not directly address how HRM can improve the performance and safety of healthcare workers were excluded. The authors carefully reviewed the abstracts and titles of the articles to ensure they met the inclusion criteria. After removing duplicate entries, 26 articles were identified as relevant to the study and were analysed alongside other pertinent literature. The findings of this study highlight the significant impact of human resource management in effectively addressing challenges related to the healthcare workforce during crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The originality of the study is grounded on the significance of HRM as a key stakeholder in workforce operations. Therefore organisational management must acknowledge this role. This is evident in the recommendation of the 6Cs of HRM as a pathway to effectively manage the health and safety of healthcare workers. For Future Research the fact that the  study highlights the significance of HRM in organisations during times of crisis, such as a pandemic. It is important to recognise the necessity for further research employing quantitative or mixed methods to obtain a comprehensive understanding of how HRM plays a crucial role in effectively addressing and managing healthcare workers amidst challenging situations.
Adaptive public relations and marketing in tourism: how South African timeshare businesses responded to the Covid-19 crisis
Authors: Mkhize Mlondi , Zakia Jeewa
Published: December 2024

South Africa is one of the most popular tourist destinations on the African continent, with timeshares—vacation properties shared by multiple owners—being an important feature of the tourism industry as it contributes significant growth and sustainability of tourist destinations. After its introduction in the 1960s, timeshare gained popularity through its capability to provide luxury holiday affordability and security in South Africa. Since then, timeshare businesses have used traditional public relations, marketing, advertising strategies and tactics to increase brand awareness and reach sales targets. During the difficult COVID-19 period, global tourism declined drastically due to travel restrictions, extreme lockdowns and tight regulations, forcing businesses to adapt their marketing strategies to cope with unprecedented challenges and the loss of customers. Before the pandemic’s culmination, travel agencies and timeshares thus utilized digital marketing and social media to effectively strategise and publicly engage with their audiences online. Drawing upon McGuire’s (1969) theory of information processing, and Echtner and Ritchie’s (1993) destination image branding, a content and thematic analysis of two South African timeshare companies and their Facebook page content was studied to investigate the public relations tactics and marketing strategies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Key findings reveal that timeshares engaged publicly with customers through posts which stimulated online participation, which included the sharing of images, information, updates, competitions and discounts, thus maximising the potential of social media to engage with stakeholders on a short to long term basis.
Evaluating criteria for the implementation of energy management strategies
Authors: Van der Westhuizen Erika
Published: December 2024

Strategic management assists organizations in formulating, implementing, and evaluating decisions to set objectives. Energy management should consider top management commitment, risk management, corporate social responsibility, and knowledge and awareness of energy strategies as criteria for implementation. The research aimed to evaluate the four criteria in terms of energy management strategy implementation. A quantitative, non-experimental research design was followed using a structured questionnaire. The most important criterion identified is top management commitment. The results indicate a strong positive correlation between top management commitment and energy management strategies and the importance of risk management. Corporate Social Responsibility and limited knowledge and awareness showed a lower correlation but also contributed to the implementation of energy management strategies. It showed that a lack of knowledge and awareness influences the implementation; organizations can do internal awareness campaigns and appoint a dedicated energy team that can assist management in educating and communicating energy strategies. Further findings included that energy management strategies are essential to the overall business strategy of organizations and that organizations can increase their public reputation by positively contributing to corporate social responsibility and top management commitment. Management needs to lead from the front and provide training, resources and leadership in energy practices. It is recommended that organizations set energy plans, have a dedicated energy team and increase their internal awareness and communication.
The role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in enhancing brand loyalty in South African consumer markets
Authors: Motadi Masa Sylvester
Published: December 2024

This study examines Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and brand loyalty within South African consumer marketplaces. This study investigates the relationship between CSR activities and customer behaviour, focussing on the influence of CSR on trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. The socio-economic and historical context of South Africa influences consumer attitudes towards corporate social responsibility, distinguishing it from other global markets. This study advocates for ongoing impact evaluations and stakeholder engagement to enhance the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility initiatives in both business and governmental contexts.
Mitigating the costs of failure: NSFAS challenges and the need for an undergraduate grade reform in South African universities
Authors: Oukouomi Noutchie Suares Clovis
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the financial and psychological impacts of the current grade system in South African universities, particularly on students funded by the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS). The system, designed to enhance the quality of education by ensuring students grasp core concepts before advancing, often extends the duration of study for student. This extension leads to significant financial burdens, including additional tuition fees, accommodation costs, and subsistence expenses. The rigid structure of grading can prevent students from progressing in their programs, as failing a core module often disqualifies them from taking multiple subsequent modules. The literature review highlights international practices and the unique socio-economic context of South Africa. Findings reveal that the system contributes to high dropout rates, increased student debt, and psychological distress. This paper argues for a reform in the grading system, suggesting a cap at 40% pass, instead of 50% pass for progression at undergraduate level, which would alleviate some of these pressures. Discussions focus on the potential benefits of such a reform, including reduced financial strain on NSFAS, improved student retention, and better mental health outcomes. The conclusion reiterates the necessity of policy changes to create a more equitable and sustainable higher education system. By addressing these challenges, South African universities can ensure that more students complete their degrees in a timely manner, benefiting both the students and the broader economy.
Hybrid governance in selected African countries:
Authors: Hendrickse Rozenda
Published: December 2024

Governance is still a contested concept in both theory and practice.  A proliferation of the concept has sprung up in literature.  One comes across variations where reference is made to co-production, public governance, good governance, hybridity governance, hybrid governance, to name but a few. The aim of this paper is to provide a conceptual overview of the evolution of the concept governance in general and hybrid governance particulary focused on selected African countries.  It is important to clarify what hybrid governance involves, and its implications for state capacity and service delivery.  Furthermore, it is imperative to discern whether hybrid governance could be a useful conceptual tool for facilitating more organised systems of service delivery in parts of Africa and South Africa, or whether it is just “new developmental jargon”. The paper employed a qualitative research approach where secondary sources of information, constituting document analysis, premised around forms of hybrid governance in selected African countries were explored. The paper makes a conceptual contribution to the collaborative international governance discourse.
Customer perceptions of retail service quality at a selected supermarket chain
Authors: Noel Dion Trevor , Govender Jeevarathnam Parthasarathy
Published: December 2024

This research investigates consumer perceptions of retail service quality at a particular supermarket chain located in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It expands upon the SERVQUAL paradigm to examine the determinants influencing consumer happiness and loyalty within the supermarket scenario. The study utilised a quantitative research design to gather data from 400 customers at four supermarket sites in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to assess the dimensionality, reliability, and validity of variables evaluating retail service quality. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilised to examine the interrelations among these constructs. The study examined the impact of interpersonal interactions, loyalty, customer satisfaction, physical attributes, policies, and reliability on customer views. The results demonstrate that clients uphold favourable attitudes regarding all dimensions of service quality, with personal interaction, loyalty, and customer satisfaction being especially significant. The study establishes a substantial positive correlation among policy, physical attributes, interpersonal contacts, and customer happiness. Nonetheless, it fails to establish a substantial correlation between reliability and consumer pleasure. The study emphasises the significant impact of customer happiness on perceived loyalty. The study contributes by adapting and validating the SERVQUAL paradigm for the context of grocery chains. It provides pragmatic insights for service businesses seeking to improve customer experiences and cultivate loyalty.
Investigating the impact of digital transformation in the public sector: A case study of the State Information Technology Agency (SITA), South Africa
Authors: Komna Lindelwa , Mpungose Sabelo
Published: December 2024

This study intends to assess the impact of digital transformation on public sector service delivery, concentrating on the State Information Technology Agency (SITA) in South Africa. The report examines critical obstacles obstructing the effective execution of digital transformation programs, including as antiquated infrastructure, procurement inefficiencies, and opposition to change. It also analyses the advantages of agile approaches in improving flexibility, responsiveness, and collaboration in digital projects. We utilised a qualitative study methodology, conducting semi-structured interviews with SITA personnel and analysing pertinent organisational documents. The dataset comprised interviews with personnel from several departments, together with performance and service delivery reports spanning from 2015 to 2022. The study's principal findings indicate that (i) agile methodologies markedly enhance the adaptability and efficiency of digital transformation initiatives; (ii) robust data governance and sharing practices promote transparency and accountability, albeit encountering obstacles such as data silos and inconsistent quality; and (iii) addressing challenges such as digital hesitancy and leadership deficiencies is crucial for cultivating a culture that encourages innovation and continuous improvement. The study ultimately offers strategic recommendations for tackling these difficulties and improving digital transformation initiatives inside SITA.
Transforming cities: The role of local government-university collaborations in urban governance in Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyikadzino Tawanda , Vyas-Doorgapersad Shikha
Published: December 2024

Global research on local governance acknowledges the value of partnerships as strategic facilitators of urban change and regional economic growth. Local government-university interactions have emerged as a critical catalyst for transformation in Africa. The Mutare City Council (MCC), a distinguished local authority in Zimbabwe, has adopted collaborations between local government and universities as a novel strategy to enhance service delivery and overall efficacy. Nonetheless, despite a theoretical and practical paradigm shift towards cooperation between local governments and universities, there has been inadequate research focus on this subject, particularly in developing nations. This article elucidates the lived experiences of the MCC regarding cooperation between local government and universities to bridge this gap. The qualitative investigation of local government-university partnership was conducted through key informant interviews with MCC managers from various units and departments. This article outlines the MCC's collaboration with universities in urban change and the advantages of these partnerships. The paper examines the problems encountered in executing collaborations from the viewpoint of local government. Consequently, the study advises local governments to prioritise collaborations with universities, endorse joint projects and initiatives, and create research and investment units to promote partnerships as a contribution to public administration.
Enhancing internal audit effectiveness: The role of management support in South African provincial governance
Authors: Geqeza Awonke , Dubihlela J.
Published: December 2024

Despite anecdotal evidence indicating that a lack of management support towards internal audits (IAs) affects their efficacy, only a few studies have been conducted on the topic in a provincial government (PG) context. Besides, studies on the lack of management support towards IA efficacy lack theoretical grounding. This research aims to address this knowledge gap. The paper applied principal–agent theory to identify barriers to efficient management support towards the IA role within PGs, using the case of the Western Cape Government (WCG). Initially, questionnaires were sent to 260 WCG participants. The results revealed that management has a bad perception of IA as adding value to the organisation and does not take timely corrective actions based on audit findings and recommendations. The study adds to the limited knowledge about management and the IA relationship within PGs.
Understanding SOE responses to the energy crisis in Nigeria and South Africa
Authors: Motswaledi Thabang , Motloung Sysman
Published: December 2024

This aim of this paper is to present an understanding State-Owned Entities (SOE’s) responses to the energy crisis in Nigeria and South Africa. The energy crisis in both Nigeria and South Africa has posed significant challenges, with both countries experiencing severe power shortages that have impacted economic growth and the quality of life. State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in the energy sector, such as Nigeria's NESCO and South Africa's Eskom, have traditionally been central to efforts of ensuring energy security. The paper therefore through a qualitative method of research, attempts to reveal the responses of the SOE’s in these states to address the energy crisis. Hence, it concludes that South Africa responded by unbundling Eskom and Nigeria privatising the energy sector. But these mechanisms are yet to solve the energy crisis.
Corruption in South Africa: an ongoing challenge to good governance
Authors: Vyas-Doorgapersad Shikha
Published: December 2024

The article seeks to examine the phenomenon of corruption within the specific context of South Africa. The primary inquiry posed in the study is, 'What are the instances and underlying factors contributing to corruption in South Africa?' Corruption arises from a multitude of factors, including avarice, the pursuit of authority, and the dynamics of elite networking, among others. The presence of these factors within the nation fosters an atmosphere of impropriety at both the political and bureaucratic tiers of governance. The nation has instituted a range of anti-corruption bodies and strategies; however, the existing gaps in implementation pose significant obstacles to the effective realisation of these initiatives, thereby hindering efforts to combat or mitigate the prevalence of corruption. The research adopts a qualitative methodology and employs desktop analysis to gather information. The information was obtained through a thorough examination of existing literature and document analyses. The information underwent evaluation through conceptual and documentary content analysis. The findings indicate that cultural and normative frameworks that undermine democracy and the Bill of Rights are perpetuated by corruption. The ethical frameworks that dictate institutional ethics stand in contrast to the principles of public administration. The populace may experience a decline in trust towards governmental institutions and their operations due to the capacity to question the integrity of their elected officials. The article culminates in a proposal for the establishment of codes, strategies, and a culture governed by ethical principles, aimed at fostering ethical values among both employees and employers. It is of paramount significance that individuals embrace personal responsibility and accountability to engage ethically within the workplace, thereby contributing to the overarching organisational culture and values. This research enhances the understanding of public governance, human resource management, organisational development, and leadership studies.
Desa Wisata Gerbang Utama Bantul
Authors: Damasdino Fian , Afif Fuadi , Sugesti Sahlit , Putri Nuraeni Anggita Dyah , Purnama Dewi Bulqis , Camelia Nur Dina , Amal M. Ikhlasul , Baharezky Anggi Puspa , Safitri Viya Riska
Published: December 2024

Bantul Main Gate Tourism Village: The Innovation of Tourism And Smes Activities for The Economic Independence of Trimurti Sub-Distric Comunity.
Community service activities in the Trimurti Village focus on the Development of Tourism and SMEs. It was carried out using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) model, and it was then elaborated into several stages; situation analysis, partner group mapping, priority issue focus-based program, the application of solution resulting from the research, socialization, program implementation, supervision, monitoring, and evaluation. This activity aims to increase the economic independence of the people of Trimurti village as some weaknesses in terms of tour package making, product packaging, and digital social media-based marketing, which should be considered adequate as a marketing medium to attract the youth tourism market, can still be found. Tourism and SMEs' product packaging skill that can be considered lacking, including digital marketing, has made this village's potential less competitive in marketing compared to other districts in Bantul and DIY regions. The forms of activity programs that have been implemented during community service activities in Trimurti Village include (1) the Development of story comics guiding tours for Tourism Villages, (2) technical supervision for tourism village guiding, (3) preparation and calculation Training for tour package price rates for tourism villages (4) Implementation of the use of digital technology for tourism villages and tour packages sales (5) SMEs product photo training (6) Photography and digital content training for SMEs products (7) SMEs product designing and packaging training (8) SMEs product branding training (9) Social media management training for SMEs products selling accounts (10) SMEs product selling on the marketplace training (11) QRIS implementation as a marketplace payment method (12) Managing the legality of SMEs businesses.
Peningkatan Brand dan Product Value Pathilo
Authors: Hamdan Anwari  , Arif Dwi Saputra  , Alfina Damayanti  , Wafiroh  , Noverinto Gilang  , Oris Umbu Laki Nuga
Published: December 2024

Improving the Brand and Product Value of Pathilo
The Community Self-Reliance Program through the Community Service Scheme is an activity initiated by the Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA Yogyakarta Institute of Tourism and Community Service, which is intended to provide assistance and training to increase the brand and product value of Pathilo' as locally processed products. The mentoring and training activities are expected to produce output and achievement from Pathilo Brand. Product Value Improvement activities in Pakel, Tepus, Gunungkidul  is a manifestation of public awareness, especially Pathilo local product business owners, in branding products so that businessmen of small and medium enterprise have selling value for potential consumers Pathilo's processed products are wrong commodity for the local community and a choice of souvenirs for tourists visiting the Tepus Tourism Village. Even so, the interest and views of the broader community towards this refined product are mediocre. This is due to the need for branding of the product itself. In addition, the public and business actors have yet to utilize digital platforms for marketing, and there has been no innovation in these processed products, which makes the products look dull and unattractive. Therefore, this service activity aims to increase branding and create value from Pathilo products