bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Multilayer Cylindrical Thermal Conduction With a Time-Varying Convective Boundary Condition
Authors: Zhou Long , Parhizi Mohammad , Jain Ankur
Published: November 2023

Heat transfer in a multilayer body plays a key role in design and optimization of several engineering systems. While the analysis of simple multilayer problems is quite straightforward, realistic scenarios such as time-dependent boundary conditions result in significant complications in analysis. This work presents thermal analysis of a one-dimensional heat-generating multilayer cylinder with time-varying convective heat transfer at the boundary. Such a scenario may occur in applications such as nuclear reactors, jet impingement cooling, turbine blade heat transfer, as well as casting and related manufacturing processes. Analysis is presented for both annular and solid cylinders. A derivation for the temperature distribution is carried out, using a shifting function to split the time-dependent boundary condition into two parts, followed by appropriate mathematical substitution. For particular special cases, the analytical results derived here are shown to reduce exactly to results from past work. Good agreement of the theoretical results with numerical simulations is also demonstrated. Thermal response to various realistic time-dependent boundary conditions is analyzed. This work contributes towards the design of realistic multilayer problems and may facilitate the optimization of engineering systems where multilayer thermal conduction plays a key role.
Sound frequencies detectable by grass (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and black (Mylopharyngodon pisceus) carp determined with auditory evoked potentials
Authors: Nissen Andrew C. , Mensinger Allen F.
Published: November 2023

Grass (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and black (Mylopharyngodon piceus) carp were imported to the United States as biocontrol agents in aquaculture facilities; however, due to intentional stocking or accidental release, invasive populations have become established. Invasive bigheaded carps display negative phonotaxis to sound, suggesting acoustic deterrents as a potential management tool. Grass and black carp frequency detection in response to 0.2–6 kHz sound was evaluated using auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and determined for sound pressure level (SPL) and particle acceleration level (PAL). AEPs were detectable in response to pure tone stimuli from 0.2 to 4 kHz. The lowest SPL thresholds for grass carp were at 0.3 kHz (87.0 ± 3.6 dB re 1 μPa SPLrms; mean ± standard deviation), and the lowest PAL thresholds were at 0.4 kHz (–65.8 ± 3.2 dB re 1 ms−2 PALrms). For black carp, the lowest SPL and PAL thresholds were at 0.3 kHz (93.4 ± 3.0 dB re 1 μPa SPLrms, –60.8 ± 1.5 dB re 1 ms−2 PALrms). These results indicate that the ranges of detectable frequencies for grass and black carp overlap with those reported for bigheaded carps. However, behavioral studies are needed to determine potential efficacy of acoustic deterrents for these fish.
Hospital discharge using salbutamol as required after acute attacks of wheeze in children: a service evaluation
Authors: Connett Gary , Harper Stephanie , Raut Bhargav , James David
Published: November 2023

Objective

Most UK hospitals discharge children after acute wheeze with advice to give regular salbutamol using a fixed dose weaning regime. We have introduced and evaluated the safety and efficacy of changing practice to using bronchodilators only as needed after 4 hourly assessments.

Design

A multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals worked with eight families of children who had needed hospital treatment with acute wheeze to develop guidance for the use of salbutamol on an as required basis after 4 hourly assessments. Data on salbutamol used with this approach were compared with a similar period in the previous year.

Results

Data from 103 families showed a 73% reduction in salbutamol on day 1, 69% on day 2 and 50% on day 3 compared with what would have been used according to previous advice. Families found the advice easy to follow. There was a trend towards lower reattendance rates within 1 week compared with those recorded in the previous year. Those who had previously attended preferred this change in practice.

Conclusions

These data suggest that with information to support the use of salbutamol on an as required basis after hospital attendance, children can be safely managed by their parents/guardians with much lower doses of salbutamol than those recommended in commonly used fixed dose weaning regimes.
RhoA Promotes Synovial Proliferation and Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis through Wnt/PCP Pathway
Authors: Chen Ning , Diao Chao-Yue , Huang Xin , Tan Wei-Xing , Chen Ya-Bing , Qian Xin-Yu , Gao Jie , Zhao Dong-Bao
Published: November 2023

Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) plays a major role in the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, which is significantly activated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The function of RhoA in RA synovitis and bone erosion is still elusive. Here, we not only explored the impact of RhoA on the proliferation and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) but also elucidated its effect on mouse osteoclast and a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Results showed that RhoA was overexpressed in RA and CIA synovial tissues. Lentivirus-mediated silencing of RhoA increased apoptosis, attenuated invasion, and dramatically upregulated osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (OPG/RANKL) ratio in RA-FLSs. Additionally, the silencing of RhoA inhibited mouse osteoclast differentiation in vitro and alleviated synovial hyperplasia and bone erosion in the CIA mouse model. These effects in RA-FLSs and osteoclasts were all regulated by RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) and might interact with Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways.
Supplementary Figure 1 and legend from Antitumor Effects of PRMT5 Inhibition in Sarcomas
Authors: Verbeke Stéphanie , Bourdon Aurélien , Guegan Jean-Philippe , Leroy Laura , Chaire Vanessa , Richard Elodie , Bessede Alban , Italiano Antoine
Published: November 2023

Suppl Fig 1 showing the PRMT5 inhibition effect on PRMT5 expression, cell cycle phases and apoptosis
Rapid and Effective Elimination of Myoglobin with CytoSorb® Hemoadsorber in Patients with Severe Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Albrecht Frederic , Schunk Stefan , Fuchs Maren , Volk Thomas , Geisel Juergen , Fliser Danilo , Meiser Andreas
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by destruction of muscle fibers by various causes and is diagnosed by increased creatine kinase concentrations in the blood. Myoglobin released into the blood may cause acute kidney injury. In this randomized controlled study, we hypothesized that myoglobin elimination would be faster when a hemoadsorber was added to a continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD). Methods: Four patients in the control group received CVVHD with a high cut-off hemofilter using high blood and dialysate flows for 48 h. Four patients in the CytoSorb group received the same treatment, but in addition, the hemoadsorber CytoSorb® was inserted in front of the hemofilter and replaced once after 24 h. Blood samples were drawn simultaneously before (pre) and after (post) the hemofilter or else the hemoadsorber, after 5 and 30 min, as well as after 2, 4, 8, and 24 h. All measurements were repeated the next day after the hemoadsorber had been renewed in the CytoSorb group. Primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) of the relative myoglobin concentrations as percent of baseline. To evaluate the efficacy of myoglobin removal, relative reductions in myoglobin concentrations during one passage through each device at each time point were calculated. Results: Patients in the CytoSorb group had a significantly lower AUC during the first 24 h (42 ± 10% vs. 63 ± 6%, p = 0.029) as well as during the observation period of 48 h (26 ± 7% vs. 51 ± 12%, p = 0.029). The relative reductions for myoglobin were considerably higher in the CytoSorb group compared to the control group during the first 8 h. Conclusion: Myoglobin concentrations declined considerably faster when CytoSorb was added to a CVVHD. When compared to a high-cut-off hemofilter, efficacy of CytoSorb in myoglobin elimination was much better. Because of saturation after 8–12 h an exchange may be necessary.
Archival and Fake Found Footage as Medial Figurations in Hungarian Experimental Filmmaking
Authors: Pieldner Judit
Published: November 2023

In the theoretical discourse of archival footage a shift can be detected from the paradigm of recontextualization to that of rhetorical strategy. In terms of this shift, archival footage is no longer regarded as a mode of transparent representation of “reality”, but rather as figuration that creates productive tension in the course of interaction of moving images. Archival footage acquires a prominent role in Hungarian experimental filmmaking. The present paper focuses on films by two Hungarian experimental filmmakers, Gábor Bódy and András Jeles, in which the archival material stages the confrontation between private memory and historical consciousness. The article especially focuses on the role of fake found footage and archival footage in Gábor Bódy’s American Torso (Amerikai anzix, 1975) and András Jeles’s Parallel Lives (Senkiföldje, 1993).
Additions to the knowledge of Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae) from India with the description of a new species from Western Ghats
Authors: KUMAR P. GIRISH , HEGDE V.D.
Published: November 2023

A new species of Taeniogonalos Schulz, namely, Taeniogonalos dhritiae Girish Kumar & Hegde sp. nov., is described from the Western Ghats, India. A revised key to Indian species is provided.
Heart rate variability at rest and in response to stress: Comparative study between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Faitatzidou Danai , Dipla Konstantina , Theodorakopoulou Marieta P , Koutlas Aggelos , Tsitouridis Alexandros , Dimitriadis Chrysostomos , Pateinakis Panagiotis , Zafeiridis Andreas , Papagianni Aikaterini , Jadoul Michel , Sarafidis Pantelis
Published: November 2023

Cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death are the leading causes of mortality in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction contributes to this arrhythmogenic background. This study compared heart rate variability (HRV) indices between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, both at rest and in response to mental and physical stimulation maneuvers. Thirty-four HD and 34 PD patients matched for age, sex, and dialysis vintage, and 17 age- and sex-matched controls were studied. ANS function was examined by linear and non-linear HRV indices. Heart rate was recorded continuously (Finometer-PRO) at rest and during ANS maneuvers (orthostatic, mental-arithmetic, sit-to-stand, handgrip exercise tests). At rest, no significant differences between HD and PD were observed in HRV (root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD]: HD = 57.1 ± 81.1 vs PD = 69.6 ± 113.4 ms; P = 0.792), except for detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA-α1) (HD = 0.87 ± 0.40 vs PD = 0.70 ± 0.20; P = 0.047). DFA-α1 was significantly lower in PD than controls (1.00 ± 0.33; P < 0.05). All HRV indices during the mental-arithmetic test (RMSSD: HD = 128.2 ± 346.0 vs PD = 87.5 ± 150.0 ms; P = 0.893) and the physical stress tests were similar between HD and PD. The standard deviation along the line-of-identity (SD2)/the standard deviation perpendicular to the line-of-identity (SD1) ratio during mental-arithmetic was marginally lower in HD and significantly lower in PD than controls (PD = 1.31 ± 0.47 vs controls = 1.79 ± 0.64; P < 0.05). Both dialysis groups presented similar patterns in HRV responses during orthostatic and handgrip exercise tests. After the sit-to-stand, RMSSD, SD1, SD2, and DFA-α2 were higher compared to rest only in HD (RMSSD = 57.1 ± 81.1 vs 126.7 ± 185.7 ms; P = 0.028), suggesting a greater difficulty of HD patients in recovering normal ANS function in response to physical stress. In conclusion, HRV indices at rest and after mental and physical stimulation did not differ between HD and PD; however, the ANS responses following the sit-to-stand test were more impaired in HD. These findings suggest that ANS dysfunction is not largely affected by dialysis modality, but small differences in normal ANS recovery may exist.
Effect of smoking on the redox status of knee osteoarthritis: A preliminary study
Authors: Fernández-Torres Javier , Aztatzi-Aguilar Octavio Gamaliel , Zamudio-Cuevas Yessica , Sierra-Vargas Martha Patricia , Martínez-Nava Gabriela Angélica , Montaño-Armendáriz Nathalie , López-Macay Ambar , Suárez-Ahedo Carlos , Ilizaliturri-Sánchez Victor , Nizama-Castillo Edicson Jiichiro , Olivos-Meza Anell , Debray-García Yazmín , Loaeza-Román Alejandra , Luján-Juárez Iván Alejandro , Vargas-Sánchez Bertha , Sánchez-Sánchez Roberto , Narváez-Morales Juana , Del Razo Luz María , Martínez-Flores Karina
Published: November 2023

Even though smoking has been scarcely studied in osteoarthritis (OA) etiology, it is considered a controversial risk factor for the disease. Exposure to tobacco smoke has been reported to promote oxidative stress (OS) as part of the damage mechanism. The aim of this study was to assess whether smoking increases cartilage damage through the generation of OS. Peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) samples from patients with OA were analyzed. The samples were stratified according to smoking habit, Kellgren–Lawrence score, pain, and cotinine concentrations in PB. Malondialdehyde (MDA), methylglyoxal (MGO), advanced protein oxidation products (APOPs), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were assessed; the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT), as well as the activity of arginase, which favors the destruction of cartilage, was determined. When stratified by age, for individuals <60 years, the levels of MDA and APOPs and the activity of MPO and GST were higher, as well as antioxidant system activity in the smoking group (OA-S). A greater degree of pain in the OA-S group increased the concentrations of APOPs and arginase activity ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Arginase activity increased significantly with a higher degree of pain ( P < 0.01). Active smoking can be an important risk factor for the development of OA by inducing systemic OS in young adults, in addition to reducing antioxidant enzymes in older adults and enhancing the degree of pain and loss of cartilage.
Identification of a potential bioinformatics-based biomarker in keloids and its correlation with immune infiltration
Authors: Li Zihan , Zhang Chuwei , Zhang Qingrong , Dong Yipeng , Sha Xinyu , Jiang Ming , Yan Jun , Wang Wenmiao , Li Houqiang , Zhang Yi , Zhou You Lang
Published: November 2023

Keloid formation is a pathological consequence resulting from cutaneous irritation and injury, primarily attributed to excessive collagen matrix deposition and fibrous tissue proliferation. Chronic inflammation, left uncontrolled over an extended period, also stands as a substantial contributing factor. The precise mechanisms underlying keloid formation remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify key genes for diagnostic purposes. To achieve this, we used two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets to identify differentially expressed genes. We identified one particular gene, homeobox C9 (HOXC9), using a thorough strategy involving two algorithms (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. We then assessed its expression in normal and keloid tissues. In addition, we explored its temporal expression patterns via Mfuzz time clustering analysis. In our comprehensive analysis, we observed that immune infiltration, as well as cell proliferation, are crucial to keloid formation. Thus, we investigated immune cell infiltration in the keloid and normal groups, as well as the correlation between HOXC9 and these immune cells. It was found that HOXC9 was closely associated with the immune microenvironment of keloids. This shows that HOXC9 can serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for keloids.
Treatment Planning for Victims with Heterogeneous Time Sensitivities in Mass Casualty Incidents
Authors: Shi Yunting , Liu Nan , Wan Guohua
Published: November 2023

Treatment Planning for Mass Casualty Incidents

The existing emergency response guidelines emphasize prioritizing the treatment of victims with initially critical health conditions, but tend to overlook the potential deterioration of less critical victims. Such deterioration can result in prolonged treatment times and irreversible health damages. In “Treatment Planning of Victims with Heterogeneous Time Sensitivities in Mass Casualty Incidents,” Shi, Liu, and Wan draw insights from a unique data set containing timestamps of surgeries conducted in a field hospital established in response to a large-scale earthquake. They develop scheduling models to enhance treatment planning for mass casualty incidents. They identify conditions under which victims with less critical initial conditions may have higher or lower priority than their counterparts in an optimal schedule, aiming to do the greatest good for the greatest number. Through a counterfactual analysis utilizing their data set, the authors demonstrate that implementing their model could significantly reduce surgical makespan, overdue cases, and victim deterioration compared with the previously employed treatment plan.
Analysis of a specialist service for non-pregnant women with female genital mutilation: 2008–2019
Authors: Albert Juliet , Evans Catrin , Wells Mary
Published: November 2023

Background

Female genital mutilation affects an estimated 200 million women and girls worldwide. This article examines a midwife-led service that integrates health advocates and counsellors into a model of holistic woman-centred care and was the blueprint for new national clinics opened in 2019.

Methods

This retrospective case note review examined referral patterns, clinical findings and interventions over 11 years at a UK specialist clinic for non-pregnant women with female genital mutilation.

Results

More than 2000 consultations were conducted. Two thirds of women had type 3 mutilation. Most were Somali (73.4%) with 18 other ethnic backgrounds represented. Women presented with dysuria, dyspareunia/apareunia, dysmenorrhea, recurrent infections, post-traumatic stress disorder, nightmares, flashbacks and psychosexual issues. Interventions included deinfibulation under local anaesthetic (many as same day walk-in cases), clinical reports for asylum applications and trauma counselling. One in 10 attendees were healthcare professionals/carers. Nearly 5% were refugees/asylum seekers. There were 12 safeguarding referrals, three cases of mandatory reporting duty and two protection orders. Intersectional violence was frequently reported among women of West African origin.

Conclusions

Significant numbers of non-pregnant women require specialist help. Innovative means to publicise clinics and routine enquiry during gynaecological consultations and GP registration, could ensure earlier signposting to services. Deinfibulation can be safely performed by an expert midwife in a community or outpatient setting.
Fabrication and characterization of a rapid-response, ultrasensitive dual-head interferometric pressure sensor
Authors: Ullah Rahim , Mehmood Khan Raja Yasir , Faisal Muhammad
Published: November 2023

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, dual-head Michelson interferometer-based pressure sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and rapid response has been fabricated and optimized. The sensor consists of two diaphragm-based sensing heads, which operate on the principle of path-length variations of the interferometers due to the effect of pressure variation within the pressure channel. Pressure has been measured independently by the heads in terms of the fringe counts across two photodetectors with different sensitivities and working ranges. Head 1 had a linear working range of 0–6 psi and a sensitivity, resolution, and response time of 1295.04 fringe counts/psi, 25.74 µpsi, and 0.86 ms, respectively, which were 2.46, 2.46, and 0.86 times better than those of head 2. However, head 2 had a larger working range of 0–15 psi. Heads 1 and 2 yielded repeatable responses with negligible hysteresis and an average absolute error of 0.55% and 0.58%, respectively, compared to the predicted results. The proposed sensor has great potential for use in laboratory and industrial nonintrusive precise and fast-response pressure sensing applications.
High-performance laser seismometer system
Authors: Harvey Kenneth C.
Published: November 2023

A high-performance broadband seismograph system is described that uses a laser-stabilized confocal interferometer as a transducer to measure seismic vibrations. Major goals are to improve sensitivity and the signal-to-noise of the sensor beyond currently available siesmometers. A reference cavity is arranged so that seismic motion is translated into a change in the cavity length. This high-finesse cavity has a laser locked to it. When the cavity length changes the laser frequency follows this change. The output beam of the laser is mixed on a photodiode with the beam of a stabilized laser. The seismic motion is indicated by a change in the beat frequency from the photodiode. The system can operate in either velocity or displacement modes. The design goals are a minimum detectable signal of
10−9m/s2Hz, a dynamic range of the signal amplitude of 140 dB, good linearity, and a system passband with a frequency range of 0.0025–20 Hz.
Nonlinear optical properties of periodic composite materials
Authors: Sipe J. E.
Published: November 2023

The propagation of light through linear materials characterized by a periodic dielectric function is well understood in terms of the optical band structure that results. Even if the underlying materials are nondispersive, wave packets suffer dispersion due to the effect of the periodicity, and there are band gaps where light cannot propagate through the material and the reflectivity rises to unity.
Role of defects and impurities in bulk laser-induced damage
Authors: Soileau M. J. , Mansour Nastran , Van Stryland Eric W.
Published: November 2023

Bulk laser-induced damage (LID) in highly transparent materials has been the subject of intense study since 1965. From the very earliest experiments there has been confiding evidence as to whether LID in the bulk of highly transparent dielectrics is an intrinsic phenomena or is dominated by defects and impurities. The problem of a detailed understanding of bulk LID is compounded by the highly nonlinear nature of this phenomenon. We summarize the results of recent studies which show the direct role of material impurities and defects in bulk LID. Specifically, we present results of experiments which support the model that assumes that bulk LID occurs by the process of multiphoton-initiated electron avalanche breakdown. The multiphoton initiation process is found to be associated with material defects and/or impurities.
Weak-value amplified surface plasmon resonance sensor based on joint detection of optical activity and refractive index
Authors: Xu Liping , Yao Xin , Wen Gang , Xu Jiangtao , Luo Lan , Zhang Zhiyou , Wu Hao , Wu Peng , Chang Tianying , Cui Hong-Liang
Published: November 2023

A versatile system combining surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and weak value amplification (WVA) is presented, which can measure the optical activity and refractive index of chiral/achiral molecules, ionic compounds, and their mixture in solution individually or simultaneously. The variations in output light intensity directly exhibit high sensitivity to changes in optical activity and refractive index of the aforementioned substances. Furthermore, by examining the correlation between the intensity variation trend and the optical activity of the chiral molecule, the molecule's absolute configuration can be ascertained. Utilizing this instrument, optical rotation with a resolution of 3.04 × 10−6 rad and refractive index with a resolution of 5.57 × 10−9 RIU were obtained. As an attempt at practical application, this sensor was used to detect the adulteration of glucose and fructose in pure honey. Not only can such compromised honey be distinguished from pure honey using the refractive index or optical rotation, but the difference in optical activity can also be employed to effectively differentiate between adulterated honey samples containing glucose and fructose separately.
Development of AI-Augmented optimization technique for analysis & prediction of modal mix in road transportation
Authors: Rauf Huma , Umer Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Transport sector contribution to global emissions is a known fact, however, the mitigation path to achieve nationally determined goals for carbon reduction is often not specified, A simplified technique based on minimax optimization using Grey relational grade and Random forest narrows down on most contributing input variables from twelve road transport modes. This is a region-specific, scenario-based technique applied to north Punjab, Province of Pakistan that first categorizes modes based on their emission and then integrates with AI modeling using Deep Neural Network to develop sustainable trade-offs for carbon reduction. The output parameter translates the problem into a systematic iterative technique that predicts optimization options with different scenarios to bring out an environment-friendly transport mix. A 25% reduction applied to the five most emission-releasing modes like Diesel Light and Heavy Duty vehicles, Gas Light and heavy-duty vehicles, and Gas-Cars results in 16.54 MT of Carbon dioxide which is 54.35% reduced to the predicted 36.24 MT for the year 2044. Similarly in another scenario replacing 25% Gas and Diesel Light Duty vehicles respectively by adding 50% Petrol Light Duty vehicles leads to 18.94 MT of emissions which brings the emission value in 2044 at par with emission releases of the year 2014. The technique offers a forward path that allows environment-friendly modal mix combinations based on business-as-usual to offer transport mix solutions for carbon reduction. It is a generalized model that is based on a customized transport mix. Future studies can also be applied to intermodal tradeoffs like rail, air, waterways, etc.
Investigating and promoting health behaviors reactivity among Hong Kong older adults in the post-COVID-19 Era: An exploratory network analysis
Authors: Wong Ming Yu Claudia , Ou Kai-ling , Man Leung Ka
Published: November 2023

Background

Physical distance has increased the risk of developing a variety of health problems, especially among older people. During the COVID-19 lockdown period, physical activity decreased, screen time increased, food consumption increased, as well as exposure to unhealthy behaviour, leading to poorer sleep quality and more negative emotions, which ultimately led to poorer physical health, mental health, and subjective vitality among older adults. Although there were numerous research studies on changes in health behaviours during COVID-19, only a few were targeted at older adults, and none were conducted in Asian countries.

Method

The current study is aiming to identify the changes in health behaviours, as well as their associations with older adults’ mental health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic among Hong Kong older adults, using exploratory network analysis. In this study, a random tele-survey was conducted among older adults.

Results

A total of 664 participants have been involved in the telephone survey, with 213 males and 451 females, of which mean age was 74.37. The explored network showed strong centrality and edge stability, thus enabling to reveal an overview of the associations between health behaviours and mental well-being of older adults. The lavaan model has also demonstrated the casual paths within the explored network, which indicated the significant impact of sleeping quality, eating habits and social networking on resilience.

Conclusion

The outcomes of the study were able to identify the lifestyle changes of Hong Kong older adults due to COVID-19. Although the present study is not regarded as novel internationally, it may be representative of the Hong Kong community. In order to facilitate active aging during the pandemic, a user-friendly electronic platform for healthy living should include older adults in the future.
Fixation strength in arthroscopic labral repair of the hip: A head-to-head comparison of the biomechanical performance of a biocompatible vs. all-suture anchor in the setting of acetabuloplasty
Authors: Emblom Benton A. , Walters Brian L. , Mast Logan E. , Beason David P. , Ruder John A. , Ryan Michael K. , Gould Stephen A. , Schwartz Martin L.
Published: November 2023

Much is known about the biomechanical performance of various types of suture anchors commonly used for labral fixation in the shoulder; however, similar studies in the hip are less common. We sought to compare all-suture and polyether ether ketone small-diameter anchors in the setting of labral repair during hip arthroscopy, with and without acetabuloplasty. We hypothesized that the biomechanical properties of the all-suture group when compared to polyether ether ketone anchors would be similar amongst native acetabula and significantly less following acetabuloplasty and that pullout forces would be reduced in the anterior and inferior regions of the acetabulum compared to the superior region. Bone density was measured in nine matched pairs of fresh-frozen cadaveric acetabula in the superior, anterosuperior, and anterior regions. Acetabuloplasty was performed in all three regions, while the contralateral acetabulum was left in situ as a control. Suture anchors were placed such that one each of two different types was placed within each region. Specimens were tested in cyclic fatigue and loaded to failure. The all-suture group had significantly higher cyclic displacement compared to the polyether ether ketone, but there was no significant difference in ultimate load, regardless of acetabuloplasty. Amongst all non-resected specimens, the lowest bone density was observed consistently in the inferior region. Our results indicate that, with or without acetabuloplasty, a small-diameter polyether ether ketone anchor appears to be more stable than an all-suture anchor, which needs to be set first.
A Unique Presentation of Familial Idiopathic Colonic Varices
Authors: Gallagher John , Quach Bill , Sempokuya Tomoki , Sivaraman Anita
Published: November 2023

Colonic varices typically occur in the setting of portal hypertension, and patients may present with rectal bleeding or occult anemia. Idiopathic colonic varices occur infrequently in the absence of cirrhosis and can involve the entire colon. We present a case of a 54-year-old Eastern European woman who had undergone diagnostic colonoscopy for newly diagnosed sigmoid adenocarcinoma and was incidentally found to have colonic varices with normal portal pressure gradients. Her 38-year-old daughter was found to have similar varices, raising concerns for hereditary etiology.
El derecho a la protección de datos personales en la era digital
Authors: Sánchez Díaz María Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Los datos personales se han convertido en el oro del siglo XXI, sin embargo, no todos los involucrados le dan el valor que merece, solamente aquellos que logran monetizarlos. Esta situación se ha complicado más con los avances tecnológicos que no cuentan con un enfoque de derechos humanos y ético para salvaguardar la privacidad y los datos personales de la población, tal como se está observando con las diversas plataformas de Inteligencia Artificial.
Decay resistance and dimensional stability of wood impregnated with castor oil using a pressure treatment
Authors: Kwon Ohkyoung , Choi Yeong Seo , Choi Wonsil , Lee Young-kyu , Choi Jongyeol , Choi Joon weon , Yang In
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the uptake of castor oil (CAO) in some wood specimens and the effect of CAO on the leaching ability, dimensional stability and fungal-decay resistance of the wood specimens. CAO was infused into the specimens using a pressure treatment. Uptakes of CAO penetrated in yellow poplar (YEP), Japanese cedar (JAC) and Douglas fir (DOF) blocks were higher than 100 %. The leaching ability of the CAO-based suspensions against saline water was the lowest in YEP, followed by Japanese larch (LAR), JAC and DOF. The retention values were 90 % or higher in most of the specimens. Radial and tangential swellings of CAO-treated strips submerged in saline water for 2 weeks were restrained compared to control specimens. No significant differences were found between bending strength and Janka hardness of CAO-treated and control strips. CAO treatment provided acceptable decay resistance to most wood specimens against Fomitopsis palustris and Trametes versicolor. Retention of CAO in the leached strips were identified through X-ray microscopic observation. Based on the results, CAO was determined to be an effective agent for improving the dimensional stability of wood. These results demonstrate the great potential of CAO as an environmentally friendly wood preservative and dimensional stabilizer, allowing CAO-permeated wood as raw materials for both indoor and outdoor use.
Implementation of IT supported standardization of individualized hydrocortisone management for treatment of patients with adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Chakravarthy Varshini , Barger Katie , Gonsalves Rob , Shaibi Gabriel Q. , Vaidya Vinay , Kapadia Chirag , Newbern Dorothee
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Hydrocortisone stress dosing guidelines for children with adrenal insufficiency (AI) recommend a wide range of acceptable stress doses. This has led to variability in dosing recommendations resulting in confusion among endocrine, non-endocrine providers and patient families. This quality improvement project sought to standardize documentation and hydrocortisone stress dosing within our pediatric endocrine division to optimize communication regarding AI management.

Methods

Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle one aimed to address documentation of components important in AI management including body surface area (BSA), home daily dose, home stress dose, in-patient stress dose, procedure dose and crisis dose using a smart phrase within the electronic health record (EHR). To automate the process, PDSA cycle two introduced two smart buttons within the endocrine notes. PDSA cycle three focused on standardizing hydrocortisone stress doses.

Results

Initial documentation targets were met for all AI management components except for the crisis dose. The second target was only met for the home stress dose. Implementing the smart buttons aided in reaching the second target for home daily and home stress doses. Dose standardization targets were achieved in all categories except for the on-going crisis dose. A follow up survey after an in-service for non-endocrine providers showed increased knowledge of locating hydrocortisone stress dosing recommendations within the EHR.

Conclusions

With the assistance of technology, this quality improvement project ultimately enhanced communication through the standardization of documentation and individualized hydrocortisone stress dosing for children with AI. Although not all secondary targets were met, there was meaningful improvement in documentation and stress dose standardization compliance.
Thermosetting polymer composites: Manufacturing and properties study
Authors: Ali Malek
Published: November 2023

In the proposed study, TiC is used in different sizes (i.e., 70–150 nm and 200–250 μm) and different ratios (e.g., 0, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) to reinforce the epoxy matrix. Micro- or nano-epoxy–TiC mixtures are poured into molds that have been prepared. The results obtained show a significant improvement in hardness, impact, creep, and tensile strength when the hard particles of nano- and micro-TiC are increased up to 20 wt%. This is due to the good dispersion of the TiC powder with minimal agglomeration and air bubbles. In addition, the results obtained show a decrease in hardness, impact, creep, and tensile strength when the ratio of the hard particles of nano- and micro-TiC is increased to 30 wt% due to agglomeration and air bubbles, which create a path for cracks to propagate. The results of the hardness, impact, creep, and tensile strength tests when 20 wt% nano-TiC composite specimens are used are 22.4, 67.55 J·m−2, 0.0132, and 34.7 MPa, respectively. These results show higher values than other composite specimens. A pin-on-disc wear testing process with various sliding lengths is used to analyze wear behavior. The maximum wear resistance of the 10 wt% of micro-epoxy–TiC composites is found at a load of 5 N and a 100 m sliding distance. Optical microscopy shows small scratches on the 10 wt% micro-epoxy–TiC composite specimens in comparison with the 10 wt% nano-epoxy–TiC composites at a load of 5 N and a 200 m sliding distance.
Some specifics of the billet open and submerged stream casting
Authors: Smirnov O.M. , Ukhin V.Ye. , Semiriagin S.V. , Semenko A.Yu. , Osypenko V.V. , Smirnov Yu.O. , Skorobagatko Yu.P. , Ryabiy D.V.
Published: November 2023

Experimental series of steel casting were carried out to determine the effect of the continuous casting method on the fre-quency of defects formation in billets. At the same time, the 125x125 mm square billets production was carried out on a six-strand caster with casting speeds of 2.8-4.3 m/min. In the process of research, a series of 5 melts of steel 60 (St60) was initially casted with an open stream. After that, using the same molds, 5 melts of steel 40X were sequentially casted with a submerged stream. As a result of an industrial experiment, it was found that because of the open stream continuous casting the number of rhomboidal billets was 4.5 %. In the case of using the submerged stream technology defects in the billet shape were not observed. The use of the "stopper rod” — "tundish nozzle" — "submerged entry nozzle" system allows to control metal consumption during casting more accurate and timelier in automatic mode without changing the billet casting speed. At the same time, the position of the metal level in the mold is constantly ensured, which most accurately considers the features of the billet solid shell formation over the entire mold length at the current casting speed. The absence of the need to control the casting speed by the level of metal in the tundish makes it possible to maintain the optimal amount of melt in it, which sta-bilizes the casting temperature. The submerged casting prevents bubbling at the phase boundary in the mold and provides the possibility of a significant increase in the nozzle inner diameter (compared to the open stream) that reduces the rate of its clogging with corundum deposits several times. In addition, submerged casting allows the use of special mold powders, which improve the surface quality of the billets. It is possible to additionally improve billets quality using electromagnetic stirring of liquid steel during continuous casting.
PERMEABILITY OF PARTIALLY TO FULLY RANDOMIZED ARRAYS OF SQUARE OBSTACLES: A LATTICE BOLTZMANN APPROACH
Authors: Nejadseifi Majid , Kiani-Oshtorjani Mehran , Tynjälä Tero , Jalali Payman
Published: November 2023

Porous media consisting of monodisperse square obstacles were computationally studied using the lattice Boltzmann
method in the Darcy regime. Different random arrays of obstacles were generated from the ordered arrays of obstacles using a new algorithm for controlled randomization. The porosity lies in the dilute to moderately dense range of 0.85-0.69. By proper nondimensionalization of the randomization parameter, it was demonstrated that the normalized permeability linearly depends on this parameter within slight randomizations through all porosities. Further randomization
breaks the linear dependence, where the normalized permeability undergoes a sharp transition to a plateau at
smaller porosities and a continuous transition at larger porosities. The plateau values of the normalized permeability linearly depend on the porosity. Interstitial flow maps show an immediate breakdown of spatial velocity distribution in ordered configurations starting with randomization and manifesting major flow channeling at higher randomizations, which can explain the transition types for permeability.
Production and economics of Gangetic mystus (Mystus cavasius) farming under different feed restriction periods in cages of floodplain ecosystem
Authors: Ara Jesmin , Hossain Md. Akhtar , Jewel Md. Abu Sayed , Haque Md. Ayenuddin
Published: November 2023

High feed cost is a major problem for the promotion of a nutrient rich fish like Gangetic mystus (Mystus cavasius) in cages under floodplain ecosystem. To address this problem, production and economics of cage farming of Gangetic mystus were evaluated under different feed restriction periods in Atrai River of Chalan Beel. Four feed restriction periods were tested in floating cages under four different treatments (T1-0 day i.e., regular feeding, T2-1 day, T3-2 days, and T4-3 days feed restriction per week). Fish were fed twice daily with commercial floating pellet containing 32% protein. Water quality parameters (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and ammonia-nitrogen) were within the suitable range for fish culture. Final weight, weight gain, % weight gain, average daily gain, specific growth rate and survival rate were found significantly higher at treatment T1 whereas a better feed conversion ratio was observed in T2. Significantly higher fish production and benefit were also obtained from treatment T2. The present study concluded that Gangetic mystus with a stocking density of 50 fish m–3 fed with 32% protein containing feed maintaining 1 day feeding restriction per week are economically feasible for cage culture in running water.
Varnost uporabe kibernetskega prostora in vloga družbenega nadzorstva v ruralnem okolju v dobi umetne inteligence
Authors: Bernik Igor
Published: November 2023

Zaradi hitrega razvoja tehnologije, še posebej na področju umetne inteligence in kibernetskega prostora ter prehoda v Družbo 5.0 se v vsakdanjik prenašajo inovacije kot tudi novi izzivi, ki se nanašajo na varnost uporabe kibernetskega prostora. Varnost uporabe kibernetskega prostora v ruralnem okolju je ključnega pomena za zagotavljanje zasebnosti, zaščito osebnih podatkov in ohranjanje integritete teh območij. S prihodom umetne inteligence so se pojavili novi izzivi in dileme, ki zahtevajo skrbno raziskovanje, ozaveščanje in ustrezne ukrepe za zagotavljanje kibernetske varnosti v ruralnem okolju. Poleg tega je treba posebno pozornost nameniti tudi družbenemu nadzoru, saj ima lahko pomemben vpliv na ruralne skupnosti. Etika in izzivi družbenega nadzora v ruralnem okolju morajo biti temeljno upoštevani pri razvoju in implementaciji kibernetskih rešitev. Z izobraževanjem uporabnikov, uporabo tehnoloških ukrepov, vzpostavitvijo ustrezne zakonodaje in odgovornim družbenim nadzorom lahko dosežemo varnejšo uporabo kibernetskega prostora v ruralnih okoljih tudi v dobi generativne umetne inteligence.
Potrebe po izboljšanju varnosti v občinah
Authors: Modic Maja , Prislan Mihelič Kaja
Published: November 2023

Načrtovanje dela pri zagotavljanju varnosti v občinah mora poleg objektivnih kazalcev varnostnih razmer, strateških usmeritev in razvojnih prioritet upoštevati tudi pričakovanja prebivalcev. V raziskavi smo ugotavljali, s kakšnimi ukrepi bi bilo treba, po mnenju prebivalcev Slovenije, okrepiti varnost v občinah, kjer živijo. Ustrezno kaznovanje kršiteljev, varnost v prometu in ureditev javnih površin ter ozaveščanje in izobraževanje o varnosti so področja, ki jim prebivalci pripisujejo prednost. Pomembne razlike med stališči prebivalcev iz ruralnih in urbanih okolij se kažejo v pričakovanjih, povezanih s krepitvijo varnosti v prometu, policijskega dela in socialne kohezije. Prebivalci ruralnih okolij izražajo večjo potrebo po povezanosti med prebivalci in boljši urejenosti okolja, medtem ko prebivalci z urbanih območij bolj podpirajo okrepitev dela policije in občinskih redarjev ter ukrepe zagotavljanja večje varnosti v prometu in varnejših površin.
Interaktivna vloga družbenih omrežij pri zagotavljanju varnosti na Policijski upravi Kranj
Authors: Brajič Roland , Završnik Matjaž , Šemrov Maša
Published: November 2023

Z razvojem informacijske tehnologije uporabljajo sodobno tehnologijo za učinkovitejše upravljanje in izkoriščanje potenciala množičnih podatkov za podporo operativnemu delu tudi policijske organizacije. Pri tem pogosto spregledamo uporabno vrednost, ki jo je prinesla uporaba svetovnega spleta in družbenih omrežij. Dandanes so družbena omrežja prepletena z delovanjem človeka od zgodnjega otroštva pa vse do poznega starostnega obdobja. Tako se z njihovo uporabo vsakodnevno širi krog uporabnikov. Poslanstvo policijskega dela v skupnosti je delati z ljudmi in za ljudi. Ključno vlogo pri uresničevanju tega poslanstva med drugim igra tudi interaktivna vloga družbenih omrežij. Z njo uresničujemo vizijo in pričakovanja pri povečanju vidnosti in prisotnosti policije v okolju. S tem pristopom na Policijski upravi Kranj prispevamo k višji stopnji občutka varnosti.
Vključevanje priseljencev in njihovih potomcev v življenje v lokalnih skupnostih
Authors: Lukšič Hacin Marina , Gombač Jure , Bučar Ručman Aleš
Published: November 2023

Mednarodne migracije so nekaj običajnega, celo nujnega za razvoj držav in sočasno številnim posameznikom omogočijo udejanjanje potencialov. V političnem diskurzu se meje med različnimi oblikami migracij brišejo, migranti in njihovi potomci pogosto postanejo grešni kozli za težave lokalnega prebivalstva. V svetu, razdeljenem na nacionalne države, je možnost vstopa in bivanja na ozemlju druge države regulirana in nadzirana. Prakse držav se razlikujejo in nekatere prepoznavajo velik potencial migracij, njihov prispevek k odpravljanju težav na trgu dela, premoščanju demografskih izzivov itd. Zato spodbujajo migracije in uspešno integracijo ter odpravljajo birokratske ovire. Na drugi strani bolj zaprte države pod vplivom nacionalističnih nazorov uvajajo številne administrativne omejitve, dolgotrajne uradniške postopke in, če ne de jure, pa de facto, omejujejo priseljevanje. V prispevku predstavljamo primere pozitivnih lokalnih praks pri vključevanju priseljencev in njihovih potomcev v lokalno okolje.
Physics infused machine learning force fields for 2D materials monolayers
Authors: Yang Yang , Xu Bo , Zong Hongxiang
Published: November 2023

Large-scale atomistic simulations of two-dimensional (2D) materials rely on highly accurate and efficient force fields. Here, we present a physics-infused machine learning framework that enables the efficient development and interpretability of interatomic interaction models for 2D materials. By considering the characteristics of chemical bonds and structural topology, we have devised a set of efficient descriptors. This enables accurate force field training using a small dataset. The machine learning force fields show great success in describing the phase transformation and domain switching behaviors of monolayer Group IV monochalcogenides, e.g., GeSe and PbTe. Notably, this type of force field can be readily extended to other non-transition 2D systems, such as hexagonal boron nitride (h BN), leveraging their structural similarity. Our work provides a straightforward but accurate extension of simulation time and length scales for 2D materials.