bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Índices para evaluar el desempeño metrológico basado en riesgos en empresas del sector de la energía
Authors: Barrera García Aníbal , Feitó Cespón Michael , Cespón Castro Roberto
Published: November 2021

La evaluación del desempeño metrológico es una herramienta que permite la retroalimentación en la gestión de las mediciones y el seguimiento de los resultados alcanzados por las organizaciones que la aplican. En muchas empresas este tipo de evaluación no muestra resultados relevantes, principalmente por las limitaciones en los procedimientos e indicadores empleados para su realización.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue elaborar índices de riesgo metrológico para la evaluación del desempeño metrológico en empresas del sector de la energía. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se seleccionan tres organizaciones pertenecientes a dicho sector. A partir de la utilización en las organizaciones del enfoque de riesgo y de entrevistas, revisión de documentos, tormenta de ideas y métodos estadísticos matemáticos, se definen el índice de riesgo metrológico y el índice de riesgo en la gestión metrológica para empresas del sector mencionado. Los resultados alcanzados demostraron que es posible crear este prototipo de herramienta, así como su utilidad para retroalimentar la gestión de las mediciones, además de orientar el proceso de toma de decisiones gerenciales en materia metrológica.
Minerals and critical raw materials: potential and opportunities for Argentina
Authors: Murguía Diego
Published: November 2021

“Critical” minerals and raw materials are usually defined as those that present great economic importance and high risk of supply disruption. Their integral use (mining, reuse and recycling) opens a window of opportunity for resource-rich countries such as Argentina. Based on a bibliographic review, this work presents an overview of the potential of critical materials and public policies to promote their use under sustainability principles.
The results of historical explorations indicate that Argentina has geological-mining potential of critical minerals. However, new investments are required to value, standardize and digitize the available data. It is also necessary to rank these minerals in the public research agendas and encourage their exploration. The potentiality in secondary resources is difficult to estimate given the lack of data on the generation and recycling of industrial scrap, batteries and other discarded products.
In an international context of growing socio-environmental demands and persistent conflict, achieving a sustainable management of critical (and non-critical) minerals implies overcoming the “extractivist” model. For this, it is essential to transform the nature of the linkages between the mining sector, the scientific-technological system, the local productive network and the communities, as well as the ways of making strategic decisions about their use.
Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Taufiqy Athaya
Published: November 2021

December 2019, COVID-19 was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a worldwide pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has focused attention on the mental health of the various affected populations, medical students being one of the more vulnerable groups. Therefore, this literature review aims to find out how the mental health of Faculty of Medicine students during the COVID-19 pandemic, so that it can be used as learning material to always maintain mental health stability. The method used in this study is a literature review and literature search which was carried out by collecting several electronic journals such as PubMed, NCBI and Google Scholar. Conducted by reviewing journals related to the mental health of medical faculty students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study involved 49 library sources from 2018-2020. From 7,143 students, 0.9% of them experienced severe anxiety, 2.7% moderate, and 21.3% experienced mild anxiety. In addition, delay in academic activities is a risk factor for experiencing symptoms of anxiety. 40% of students also experience financial difficulties, in terms of e-learning platforms, this problem is a challenge for medical students because financial and social factors can be an obstacle to the development and implementation of effective online learning programs. Future research is urgently needed to provide a better explanation of the tips needed for students in adapting to the changes that occur in order to lead a mentally healthy life in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Relationship Between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Gleason Score in Prostate Carcinoma
Authors: Fadillah  , Heni Maulani  , Nursanti Apriyani
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men worldwide and ranks second in the Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin with the highest incidence, especially at the age of more than 60 years. Factors that play a role as a prognostic factor and therapy in prostate carcinoma, including VEGF. The role of VEGF expression in prostate carcinoma as a prognostic and histopathological factor which is an important predictor for the progression of prostate carcinoma. This study aims to determine the relationship between VEGF expression and Gleason score in prostate carcinoma.

Method. This study was a cross-sectional observational study. Thirty samples diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma were derived from the results of the tranurethral resection of the prostate (TRUP) and prostatectomy. Samples were taken from the archives in the Anatomic Pathology section of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang (period January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. Then the sample was stained with VEGF antibody, identified and analyzed the VEGF relationship with the Gleason.z score.

Results. The positivity of VEGF expression in prostate adenocarcinoma tended to be more prevalent in the Gleason score group ≥ 7 (43.3%) than in the Gleason score group <(10%). There was no significant relationship between VEGF expression and high Gleason score (p> 0.05).

Conclusion. There was no significant relationship between VEGF expression and Gleason score in prostate adenocarcinoma
Description of Blood Sugar Levels in Medical Student of Universitas Prima Indonesia
Authors: Fangesty Cindy , Wienaldi
Published: November 2021

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized byhyperglycemia. Various epidemiological studies have shown an increasing trend in theincidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus in various parts of the world. Lifestylechanges lead to an increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome diabetes mellitus.This study aims to determine the description of blood sugar levels during class 2017students of the Faculty of Medicine, Prima Indonesia University. This type ofobservational analytic research with sampling techniques using non-methods Thisresearch is a descriptive study with a cross sectional study design. This research willbe carried out at the UNPRI campus building 1. The sample of this study is all medicalstudents of the 2017 Prima Indonesia University class totaling 99 people. Data werecollected using a questionnaire and analyzed by univariate. The results showed that themajority of the respondents were female, namely 66 people (66.7%), while only 33 malerespondents (33.3%) were male respondents. According to blood sugar levels, allrespondents had normal blood sugar levels (100%). Respondents are advised tomaintain a healthy diet and lifestyle so that their blood sugar levels remain stable andultimately avoid the risk of diabetes mellitus.
The Relationship Between Dysmenorrhoea and Student Learning Activities at High School 3 Palembang
Authors: Molahella Ali Ar Ridha , Hartati
Published: November 2021

Dysmenorrhea is a menstrual disorder often faced by adolescent girls. In some people with dysmenorrhoea, perceived pain  can interfere with daily physical activity giving the impact on quality of life and productivity of students in the school. This study aims to determine the relationship between dysmenorrhea and learning activities at SMA Negeri 3 Palembang. This study was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design conducted in November-Desember 2015. The population in this study were all students of SMA Negeri  3 Palembang. The samples were obtained by total sampling with total sample of 631 female student. Data were obtained through a questionnaire given to respondents. The results were analyzed by using Fisher's Exact Test. From this study, the prevalence of students who suffer from dysmenorrhea was 91.3%. Number of respondent with dysmenorrhea and disturbed study activity was 56.4%. Results of bivariat analysis showed a highly significant relationship between dysmenorrhea and study activity (p=0.000).
Pattern of Health Promotion on Smokers Active to Stop Smoking Interest
Authors: Suharta M. Tata
Published: November 2021

Smoking is a cause of mortality and morbidity that can be prevented by the healthcare sector in high-income and middle-income countries. Indonesia ranks third in the list of ten countries with the largest population and consumption of cigarettes in the world after China and India in 2008 according to WHO and continues to increase. Health promotion is an effort to improve the ability of the community through learning from, by, for and with the community, so that they can help themselves, and develop community-based activities, in accordance with local social culture and supported by sound public policy. According to Ajzen and Fishbain, interest is a good predictor of smoking behavior in an individual. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) states that interest or intention is the closest determinant of behavior. The purpose of this study is to know the proportion of Sriwijaya University students who are interested to stop smoking, to know and analyze the dominant health promotion factors that influence the interest of active smokers to quit smoking and to determine health promotion pattern in active smokers to quit smoking. This research is an analytic research with cross sectional study design conducted at Sriwijaya University through distribution of questionnaire in November 2017. The sample of this research is active smokers in  Sriwijaya University Palembang were taken by purposive sampling technique. The data obtained were analyzed by univariate analysis, chi square test, and multivariate logistic regression using IBM SPSS statistic version 22. This study obtained 392 respondents who match the inclusion criteria of 16 faculties. The results of statistical tests in this study found a significant relationship between students' interest to stop smoking with ever with the pattern of health promotion in the form of seminars and direct counseling mainly due to health factors, smoking frequency, age start smoking, medical personnel notice, doctor advice, family affection, and bad habits, with a value of p <0.05. The result of multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant health promotion pattern to play a role in the interest of quitting smoking on active smokers is promotion health health pattern. Each faculty should be able to make health promotion in the form of seminar or direct counseling to the community to get more comprehensive result.
Public Perception of Electric Cigarettes Based Health Knowledge Level in Palembang
Authors: Dwi Mubarani Siti Farahhiyah
Published: November 2021

The Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) method is a medium for giving nicotine needed by smokers without burning tobacco. An electric cigarette is one from many NRTs that uses electricity from battery power to deliver nicotine in the form of vapor. But it is not recommended by the WHO or the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) because it has many negative effects. According to Green, there are 3 behavioral factors which are predisposition, support and drive. According to Notoatmodjo, lack of knowledge can form a false perception of electric cigarettes. According to Hude, perception is the giving of meaning to the stimulus received by sensory systems. The purpose of this research is to know the relation of demographic characteristic and to identify health knowledge to know public perception about the existence of electric cigarette in Palembang City. This research is a quantitative analytical research with cross sectional study design conducted in Palembang city using questionnaire in February 2018. The sample of this research is male active smoker with age> 15 years in Palembang city taken by purposive sampling technique. The data obtained were analyzed by univariate analysis, chi square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS statistic version 22. The study obtained 162 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The result of statistical test in this research is 51.2% positive perception toward electric cigarette based on health knowledge level in Palembang city (p = 0,000). There is no significant relationship between demographic characteristics and public perception of electric cigarette (p> 0,005). Predisposing factors concerning knowledge of electric cigarette usage can cause addiction problem is the most dominant factor in shaping people's perception on electric cigarette (p = 0,008).
Analysis of Factors Related to Occurrence of Retaker UKMPPD Faculty of Medicine, University of Sriwijaya
Authors: Silvania Silvi
Published: November 2021

Medical education is a conscious and planned effort in formal education to produce graduates who have competencies in the fields of medicine or dentistry. Medical students who have gone through the undergraduate and professional stages of the doctor must take the competency exam (UKMPPD). The medical faculty of Sriwijaya University in the November 2016 period in the UKMPPD which was attended by 41 participants, found that only 9 people had successfully passed the competency exam. In Indonesia, the number of UKMPPD participants who have not graduated (retaker) at the end of 2017 is 2,494. This indicates that the number of UKMPPD retaker is still high in the Indonesian medical faculty. Student competency test results can be influenced by external factors and internal factors which include the value of try out, Grade Point Average (GPA), learning style, tutoring, length of study period, anxiety, family support and peer support. This research was conducted to identify factors related to the retaker of UKMPPD students at FK Unsri. The type of research used is quantitative analytical research with cross-sectional design with consecutive sampling technique. The population of this study were students who took the UKMPPD in January-October Unsri FK in 2018. The study sample was a portion of the students who took part in the UKMPPD FK Unsri Sriwijaya in 2018, amounting to 50 people. Data collected are primary data using questionnaires. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test. From this study obtained p-value <0.05 for the GPA variable, try out value, length of study period and anxiety. These results indicate that there is a significant relationship between GPA, try out value, length of study period and anxiety with the occurrence of UKMPPD retaker. While the learning and learning style variables obtained p-value> 0.05 which showed that there was no significant relationship between learning styles and learning guidance with the occurrence of the retaker student of UKMPPD of FK Unsri. There is a meaningful relationship between GPA, try out value, length of study period and anxiety with the occurrence of UKMPPD retaker student of FK Unsri and there is no significant relationship between learning styles and learning guidance with the occurrence of UKMPPD retaker student of FK Unsri.
Factors that Influence Doctors' Preference for Working in the Village with Government Policy
Authors: Amalia Almira Nur
Published: November 2021

One of the problems faced by the Indonesian people is the unequal distribution of doctors, especially in villages and other disadvantaged areas. One of the causes is the low interest of medical students and doctors to work in the area. The government as the highest authority holder should have made efforts to solve a state problem as outlined in the form of government policy. Recent research conducted by Kharinnisa et al in 2016 identified several factors that influenced the interest of medical students to work in rural areas. This study was conducted to determine the relationship of these factors with government policy. This study is a descriptive qualitative study in the form of a literature study. Of the eight factors, only half are supported by government regulations, namely having visited rural areas, career opportunities, income potential, facilities in rural areas and factors not yet supported by government regulations include university location, family economic status, closeness to family and spouse. Therefore it is necessary to study the formation of government policies that can support all these factors along with the proper implementation of these policies.
Comparison Effectiveness of Health Promotion using Video and Metaphor to Level of Knowledge of Pregnant Woman about Stunting in Palembang
Authors: Nagari Stellanisa
Published: November 2021

Mother’s knowledge about risk factors of stunting are one of many efforts to prevent stunting. Health promotion could contribute to increase level of knowledge about stunting. Commonly used methods are video and speech. This study was conducted to compare effectiveness of health promotion using video and metaphor to level of knowledge of pregnant woman about stunting in Palembang. This sudy was a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest. Population are pregnant woman in Palembang. Samples was obtained by purposive sampling. The research data was collected by questionnaire. Pretest and posttest data was analyzed by Wilcoxon. Effectiveness of health promotion method  valued by difference of pretest and posttest score between methods using Mann Whitney. Result of the study was significantly increasing knowledge of pregnant woman about stunting after health promotion (p=0,000). The most effective method of health promotion is video with p-value 0,05. Health promotion could increase knowledge of pregnant woman about stunting. Effective method for health promotion was video better than metaphor.
Application of Direct Instructional Learning in High School Education
Authors: Alimuddin Alimuddin , Suradi  , Rahmayanti Marina
Published: November 2021

A direct teaching model is a teaching approach that can help students learn basic skills and acquire information that can be taught step by step. Direct instruction or direct teaching is based on behavioristic learning theory that focuses on the mastery of concepts and changes in behavior as a result of learning that can be observed. The approach used in this model is teacher-centered. The teacher presents material/transfers information directly and structured using a lecture, expository, question, and answer, presentation/demonstration model. This model is the leading choice applied to students due to its advantages, including the relatively large amount of material delivered, easy learning time to manage, and this model will be relatively easy to follow for procedural matters. In addition to some of its advantages, the direct teaching model also has drawbacks that, according to researchers, are vital to the learning process itself; namely, students tend to wait for raw answers from the material presented by the teacher.
The Teaching of General College Physics in Jolo
Authors: Cabajon Helen Abbas
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to record, examine and describe the common teaching strategies employed by college faculty members teaching general college physics in the five colleges in Jolo and to know as well what combination of teaching strategy employed by physics teacher in Jolo enhances achievement scores of students. Likewise, the evaluation on the learning facilities used in teaching physics was also taken into consideration. The study utilized the descriptive method of research and the normative survey technique was used for data gathering Purposive sampling was utilized and the respondents taken were composed of all faculty members handling college physics subjects and their respective students enrolled during the second semester of school year 2010 to 2011. The findings showed that the top three most common teaching strategies employed by teachers in teaching general college physics in Jolo are: problem solving, lecture, and board work. These strategies enhanced achievement scores of students. On the other hand, as far as learning facilities are concerned they were inadequate as most important equipment and tools necessary in the teaching of physics subjects were not available and if existing they were not functioning. However, despite the inadequacy of learning facilities, majority of the students have higher probability of passing the course based on their midterm exam. It is highly recommended that physics teachers must be exposed to various teaching strategies in order for them to be abreast with the latest methods in teaching physics. Furthermore, administrators are urged to upgrade school laboratories by procuring equipment, materials and other learning facilities indispensably needed in the teaching of general college physics.
New species of bristletails of the family Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Kazakhstan
Authors: Kaplin Vladimir , Shakula Georgiy
Published: November 2021

The fauna of bristletails of the family Machilidae in Kazakhstan currently includes one species of the genus Silvestrichiloides Mendes, 1990 and 13 species of the genus Allopsontus Silvestri, 1911. The present study describes one new species of the genus Silvestrichiloides (S. berkarensis Kaplin, sp. nov. from South Kazakhstan) and two new species of the genus Allopsontus (A. (Kaplinilis) nigrostriatus Kaplin, sp. nov. and A. (Machilanus) perfectus Kaplin, sp. nov. from Southeastern Kazakhstan). Silvestrichiloides berkarensis sp. nov. differs from the other species of this genus in the structure of antennal flagellum, apical palpomere of labial palp and ovipositor. Among species of the subgenus Kaplinilis Mendes, 1990, A. nigrostriatus sp. nov. belongs to a group of species characterized by numerous short chaetae on the ventral surface of the 5–7th palpomeres of the male maxillary palp and by the absence on the labial palp. This group includes two species: A. volgensis Kaplin, 1999 from Samara Region and A. smelyanskii Kaplin, 1999 from Orenbourg Region (both Russia). The new species differs from A. volgensis and A. smelyanskii in the length of the body and antenna, color of scales on the upper surface of the body, shape of the compound eye and paired ocellus, structure of the flagellum and apical palpomere of the male labial palp. The subgenus Machilanus Silvestri, 1934 is represented only by A. bitschi Wygodzinsky, 1962 from Afghanistan and A. perfectus sp. nov., which are characterized by numerous short chaetae on the ventral surface of the 2nd–7th palpomeres of the male maxillary palp. Allopsontus perfectus sp. nov. differs from A. bitschi in the shape of compound eyes, paired ocellus, structure of male labial palp and genitalia.
„Obracení“ poutních kramářských písní. Panna Marie Vranovská
Authors: Hanzelková Marie
Published: November 2021

The focus of this paper is on Czech pilgrimage broadside ballads and their adaptation for different pilgrimage sites. The heyday of Czech broadside ballads (1750–1850) partly overlapped with the period in which pilgrimages to both local and more distant holy sites were extremely popular. Collective singing played a very important role during the pilgrimages, and broadside ballads became the most popular medium for the spread of pilgrimage songs. The increasing demand for pilgrimage songs for local sites led to the intensive production of pilgrimage broadside ballads. This case study deals with 46 broadside ballads associated with the pilgrimage site of Vranov from the mid-18th century until the late 19th century. Through a comparison of similar broadside ballads related to different Bohemian and Moravian pilgrimage sites, this paper explores the genesis of the texts and their further development. The analysed interrelations between the pilgrimage broadside ballads show that the texts are a typical genre of popular culture, where the circulation and reuse of texts are frequent and natural.
Obyčejný člověk. Příběh bratra Karla Hynka Máchy
Authors: Dörflová Yvetta
Published: November 2021

The story of Michal Mácha illustrates the life of Karel Hynek Mácha’s family. The paper recalls the almost forgotten and unappreciated efforts of the miller’s journeyman Michal to preserve his brother’s work. It attempts to show the fate of a man living in straitened circumstances in the middle of the 19th century.
Reporte de descripción técnico científica del Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake introducido en Guatemala
Authors: Muro Abad Júpiter Israel , Leite de Souza Daniel Pegoretti , Leite de Souza Héctor Pegoretti , Leite de Souza Joao , Garcia Guillermo , Cancio Osvaldo
Published: November 2021

El Eucalyptus urophylla es endémico de las islas de Indonesia y otras islas cercanas como Timor, Flores, Adonara, Lomblen, Alor, Wetar y Pantar. Es considerada una especie importante para plantaciones con fines industriales; por esto, tuvo gran dispersión en Brasil, Venezuela y Colombia. En el caso de Venezuela se establecieron ensayos que fueron utilizados como bancos de fuentes semilleros establecidos en el año de 1990, que posteriormente fueron introducidas en Guatemala, y dieron lugar a las primeras plantaciones por la compañía Plantaciones Forestales de Guatemala (PLANFORGUA), en el año de 2008. Debido a las condiciones edafoclimáticas, las plantaciones de E. urophylla en Guatemala constituyen una población con comportamientos y fenología diferentes a las condiciones encontradas en Brasil, por lo que se adaptaron a las condiciones de altitud, temperatura y precipitación en la finca Monterrey localizada en la Ciudad de Guatemala y en los bosques secos en la finca “Los Cocos” de Zacapa. El objetivo del estudio fue realizar un reporte de la descripción técnica científica del género E. urophylla S.T. Blake procedencia Monterrey y Zacapa en Guatemala por medio de investigación de campo descriptiva no experimental apoyada en la documental.
 
Palabras clave: Eucalipto, procedencia, bancos de semillas, Zacapa y Monterrey.
Schutzwirkung eines Luftschleiers vor Querkontamination bei Türöffnung und -durchtritt zu einem Operationssaal
Authors: Tomaschewski Robert , Schumann Lukas , Hartmann Anne , Cetin Yunus , Kriegel Martin
Published: November 2021

Um das Risiko einer postoperativen Wundinfektion (POI) zu verringern, werden in Operationssälen (OPs) zahlreiche medizinisch-hygienische sowie bauliche und technische Maßnahmen ergriffen. Dabei sollen raumlufttechnische Anlagen den Eintrag und die Ablagerung von luftgetragenen Keimen im Schutzbereich am OP- und Instrumententisch verhindern. Quellen für diese Keime sind einerseits das OP-Personal und andererseits aus Nebenbereichen eindringende Luft, die zur sogenannten Querkontamination führt. Hierzu kommt es durch das wiederholte Betreten und Verlassen des Raumes während einer laufenden Operation. Aus dieser Motivation heraus wurde die mögliche Schutzwirkung eines Türluftschleiers vor Querkontamination im Forschungs-OP am Hermann-Rietschel-Institut (HRI) der Technischen Universität Berlin untersucht.
Sistema de registro de nome de domínio e responsabilidade civil (subjetiva) do chamado 'provedor de registro'
Authors: Melo Diogo L. Machado
Published: November 2021

Como deve ser atribuída a responsabilidade civil dos provedores de registro, diante da omissão do Marco Civil da Internet?  Diante da falta de um tratamento específico da matéria, alguns debates começam a ressurgir, impulsionados pela invocação equivocada de um equivocado precedente do STJ que não se aplica ao caso, sendo indispensável o debate em razão da relevância da matéria.
Cooling Improves Cosmic Microwave Background Map-making when Low-frequency Noise is Large
Authors: Chiang 强 Bai-Chiang 百强 , Huffenberger Kevin M.
Published: November 2021

In the context of cosmic microwave background data analysis, we study the solution to the equation that transforms scanning data into a map. As originally suggested in “messenger” methods for solving linear systems, we split the noise covariance into uniform and nonuniform parts and adjust their relative weights during the iterative solution. With simulations, we study mock instrumental data with different noise properties, and find that this “cooling” or perturbative approach is particularly effective when there is significant low-frequency noise in the timestream. In such cases, a conjugate gradient algorithm applied to this modified system converges faster and to a higher fidelity solution than the standard conjugate gradient approach. We give an analytic estimate for the parameter that controls how gradually the linear system should change during the course of the solution.
PHANGS–ALMA: Arcsecond CO(2–1) Imaging of Nearby Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Leroy Adam K. , Schinnerer Eva , Hughes Annie , Rosolowsky Erik , Pety Jérôme , Schruba Andreas , Usero Antonio , Blanc Guillermo A. , Chevance Mélanie , Emsellem Eric , Faesi Christopher M. , Herrera Cinthya N. , Liu Daizhong , Meidt Sharon E. , Querejeta Miguel , Saito Toshiki , Sandstrom Karin M. , Sun 孙 Jiayi 嘉 懿 , Williams Thomas G. , Anand Gagandeep S. , Barnes Ashley T. , Behrens Erica A. , Belfiore Francesco , Benincasa Samantha M. , Bešlić Ivana , Bigiel Frank , Bolatto Alberto D. , den Brok Jakob S. , Cao Yixian , Chandar Rupali , Chastenet Jérémy , Chiang 江 I-Da 宜 達 , Congiu Enrico , Dale Daniel A. , Deger Sinan , Eibensteiner Cosima , Egorov Oleg V. , García-Rodríguez Axel , Glover Simon C. O. , Grasha Kathryn , Henshaw Jonathan D. , Ho I-Ting , Kepley Amanda A. , Kim Jaeyeon , Klessen Ralf S. , Kreckel Kathryn , Koch Eric W. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Larson Kirsten L. , Lee Janice C. , Lopez Laura A. , Machado Josh , Mayker Ness , McElroy Rebecca , Murphy Eric J. , Ostriker Eve C. , Pan Hsi-An , Pessa Ismael , Puschnig Johannes , Razza Alessandro , Sánchez-Blázquez Patricia , Santoro Francesco , Sardone Amy , Scheuermann Fabian , Sliwa Kazimierz , Sormani Mattia C. , Stuber Sophia K. , Thilker David A. , Turner Jordan A. , Utomo Dyas , Watkins Elizabeth J. , Whitmore Bradley
Published: November 2021

We present PHANGS–ALMA, the first survey to map CO J = 2 → 1 line emission at ∼1″ ∼100 pc spatial resolution from a representative sample of 90 nearby (d ≲ 20 Mpc) galaxies that lie on or near the z = 0 “main sequence” of star-forming galaxies. CO line emission traces the bulk distribution of molecular gas, which is the cold, star-forming phase of the interstellar medium. At the resolution achieved by PHANGS–ALMA, each beam reaches the size of a typical individual giant molecular cloud, so that these data can be used to measure the demographics, life cycle, and physical state of molecular clouds across the population of galaxies where the majority of stars form at z = 0. This paper describes the scientific motivation and background for the survey, sample selection, global properties of the targets, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations, and characteristics of the delivered data and derived data products. As the ALMA sample serves as the parent sample for parallel surveys with MUSE on the Very Large Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope, AstroSat, the Very Large Array, and other facilities, we include a detailed discussion of the sample selection. We detail the estimation of galaxy mass, size, star formation rate, CO luminosity, and other properties, compare estimates using different systems and provide best-estimate integrated measurements for each target. We also report the design and execution of the ALMA observations, which combine a Cycle 5 Large Program, a series of smaller programs, and archival observations. Finally, we present the first 1″ resolution atlas of CO emission from nearby galaxies and describe the properties and contents of the first PHANGS–ALMA public data release.
The Effects of Administrated Dexamethasone on Neurologic Assessment in Neuro-oncology Scale in Patients with Intracranial Tumors
Authors: Sina Muhamad Ibnu , Arina Cut Aria , Nasution Irina Kemala
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: In intracranial tumors, glucocorticoids are the main therapy to treat peritumoral edema. Neurologic Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO) score is an instrument that can assess neurological function objectively and practically in patients with intracranial tumors.

AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of dexamethasone administration on the NANO score of intracranial tumor patients.

METHODS: This study was a pre-experimental study with a pre and post-test design at the H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan from March to September 2020. The study population was intracranial tumor patients. The research subject were 37 subjects taken consecutively. Treated with dexamethasone injection, then examined the NANO score before and after receiving dexamethasone injection on days 1, 2, and 3. Statistical analysis with Friedman test.

RESULTS: Based on the demographic characteristics of the research subjects, the mean age was 53.29 ± 8.5 years. Most of the research subjects were male (54.1%) while female (45.9%). Most types of intracranial tumors were secondary tumors (59.5%) while primary tumors (40.5%). The significant effect of dexamethasone on NANO score in patients with intracranial tumors (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: There is an effect of dexamethasone on the NANO score of patients with intracranial tumors.
The Evaluation of Methylated Septin 9 in Blood Plasma and Tissue Biopsies for the Early Detection for Asymptomatic Colon Cancer
Authors: Kassid Ahmed Ageeb , Abdul-Rasheed Omar F. , AlKhalidy Nawal Mehdi
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of the SEPT9 genetic marker in the early detection of colon cancer patients. A case-control study was conducted on forty newly diagnosed colon cancer patients. The study was done between March 2019 and January 2020, patients from the Gastroenterology and Liver Education Hospital, Al-imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City, and Baghdad Teaching Hospital were recruited. Colon cancer patients' mean age ± standard deviation was  54.4 ± 10.79 years while the age ± standard deviation of the mean of the control group was 55.1±8.54 years. For septin9 tissue methylation of the controls was done on the non-malignant tissues of the same patients.
This study concluded that the percentage of Septin 9 (SEPT9) in the tissue of patients with colon cancer (CC) was the highest value, which is more significant than that of the serum of CC patients. Both of these groups were significantly higher than the percentage of SEPT9 methylation of control tissue and serum.
Non-significant differences were obtained in the levels of CEA and CA19-9 between CC patients and controls.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants Born to Mother with COVID-19
Authors: Angelika Dina , Etika Risa , Vita Angelica Diana , Mithra Setya , Ugrasena I Dewa Gede
Published: November 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide impact on both pregnant women and their babies. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a gastrointestinal emergency in neonates with high morbidity and mortality.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the incidence of NEC in preterm infants born to mothers with confirmed COVID-19.
Methods: This observational study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from May 2020 to April 2021. All preterm infants born to mothers with positive COVID-19 based on swab examination were included as study participants. PCR swab examination was performed within 48 hours after birth. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was defined as positive if the swab test result could detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The diagnosis of NEC was established by clinical symptoms and confirmed by abdominal radiography.
Results: Out of 45 preterm infants included in this study, 6 infants experienced NEC. Factors that were significantly associated with the incidence of NEC included asphyxia and intubated mother. Positive PCR results from the infants alone did not significantly increase the risk of NEC. The combination of asphyxia and intubated mother (Odds Ratio [OR]=10.000, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.056-94.677, P=0.020) and the combination of positive PCR result, asphyxia, and intubated mother (OR=2.438, 95% CI=1.673-3.551, P=0.007) were found to be significantly associated with the incidence of NEC
Conclusion: Significant factors associated with the incidence of NEC in preterm infants born to mothers with COVID-19 included asphyxia and intubated mothers prior to delivery. A positive PCR result alone did not significantly increase the risk of NEC.
The Effect of Uncaria gambir Roxb. Extract on Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Proteinuric Wistar Rats Model
Authors: Siregar Rosmayanti Syafriani , Lelo Aznan , Harris Delyuzar , Ramayani Oke Rina , Ichwan Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a glomerular disease that is most often found in children with proteinuric as clinical manifestation. Gambier extract is a traditional medicine that has antioxidant effect. Its use to treat  proteinuric has never been done. Therefore, we conducted an analytical study on the effect of gambier on proteinuric and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in proteinuric Wistar rat’s model. This research is an experimental study with a posttest control group design. The aim is analyzing the effect of giving gambier extract in decreasing urinary protein creatinine ratio and increasing SOD activity. Male Wistar rats were given an injection of puromycin aminonucleoside 1.5mg/100g body weight (BW), subcutaneously for 5 consecutive days for being nephrosis. The experimental animals in this study were divided into four groups: K1, the control group, consist of group of rats that were injected with 0.15ml/100 g BW of aquabidest and not given gambier extract. While K2 group consist of rats induced by Puromycin and given 1 ml of aquabidest. K3 consist of groups of rats induced by Puromycin and then given gambier extract 26mg/200g BW. Group K4 consist of rats induced by Puromycin and then given 80mg/200g BW of gambier extract. The four groups were given treatment for 14 days, after which the rats were placed in a metabolic cage for 24 hours to collect urine samples and then knocked down with ketamine for intra-cardiac blood collection. The results of this study showed differences between the four groups of rats in terms of the mean urine protein/creatinine ratio (p=0.015) and SOD activity (p=0.036). Groups of rats that were given gambier extracts 80mg/200g BW had lower urine protein / creatinine ratio and higher SOD activity. Therapy of gambier 80 mg/200g BW is better in managing proteinuric compared to 26mg/200g.
Assessment of Students Nutritional Consumer Preferences and Behavior
Authors: Eraliyevna Amreyeva Kymbat , Rakhimovna Abdikadirova Khamida , Rakymzhan Ayaulym K. , Pavlovna Talaspekova Yuliya , Mukhametzhanova Zauresh T. , Abuova Gaziza T. , Shaikhina Zhanat K. , Shaimuratovna Atshabarova Saule , Chergizova B. T. , Kaiyrbekovna Kaiyrbekova Karlygasn
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is an important risk factor for the development of many diseases. Medical examinations reveal that 80–85% of students have health disorders. The incidence of sickness among students has increased by 35% over the past 10 years, which is due to the malnutrition of students of higher educational institutions.

AIM: The objective of the study was to study the peculiarities and socio-organizational aspects of students’ nutritional consumer preferences.

MATERIALS AND RESEARCH METHODS: The assessment of the characteristics of students’ eating behavior was carried out on the base of the questionnaire survey data among students (n = 333) at the age of 18–24 years. Data were presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation (M ± SD). The distribution normality was determined by the Kolmogorov – Smirnov test. The Mann – Whitney test was used to compare the groups (p < 0.05).

RESULTS: About 77% of students save money on food. Only about 22% of students receive the desired food, 64% of men have to save money on food, while the share of women was 78%. 67% of the surveyed group regularly and at least 1–2 times a week visit catering establishments. Assessed by type of food service, 24% of students gave their marks to a fast-food establishment, while only 12% of students gave marks to a traditional canteen. Men consume fast food per day 1.6 times more than women. The relationship between material well-being and nutritional quality was analyzed (r = 0.72). Evaluation of nutritional status showed that 25% of girls and 17% of boys were underweight, overweight and obesity – in 10 and 18% respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: More than 50% of the participants do not have an idea of a rational and balanced diet; do not have the skills of preliminary planning and organization of meals. Therefore, we propose to improve the organizational and economic mechanisms of the public catering system of universities to solve the problem of nutrition improving in students.
The Effect of Red Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) Biscuits on Hemoglobin Levels and Body Weight among the First Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Salma Salma , Hadju Veni , Jompa Jamaluddin , Stang Stang , Sundari Sundari , Usman Andi Nilawati
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of anemic pregnant women is still reasonably high, especially in low-middleincome countries. AIM: This study was aimed to assess the effect of giving red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) biscuits on changes in hemoglobin (Hb) levels and body weight of pregnant women in the first trimester. METHODS: The study used a quasi-experiment pretest-posttest study design. The study was conducted from April to June 2021 involving pregnant women in the first trimester who living in the working area of the Wapunto Community Health Center, Muna Regency, Indonesia. A total of 45 pregnant women were selected purposively and assigned to three different groups. The first group was given two pieces of red seaweed biscuits per day. The second group was given two pieces of red seaweed biscuits plus Fe tablets (60 mg/day), and the last group was given Fe tablet only (60 mg/day). Chi-square, paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were performed using SPSS. RESULTS: The intervention group of red seaweed biscuits plus Fe tablets had the highest increase in Hb levels after 8 weeks of intervention, followed by the red seaweed biscuit group and the control group (0.97, 0.78, and 0.60 g/dL, respectively, p-value < 0.05). The red seaweed biscuit intervention group had the highest changes for body weight compared to the red seaweed biscuit plus Fe tablet group and the control group (1.07, 0.43, and 0.04 kg, respectively). CONCLUSION: The provision of red seaweed biscuits could increase maternal Hb level and weight during the first trimester of their pregnancy.
The Effects of Glucagon and Insulin Combination toward on Neurodegeneration Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rat Model
Authors: Imron Akhmad , Hernowo Bethy , Hilmanto Dany , Wiriadisastra Kahdar , Hermanto Yulius
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the productive age. Glutamate excitotoxicity and hyperglycemia those occur following TBI are among the factors those influence secondary brain injury.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of glucagon and insulin combination on neuronal necrosis following TBI.

METHODS: A total of 28 male wistar rats were randomized into four experimental groups: placebo, insulin, glucagon, and combination of glucagon and insulin. Each animal underwent controlled cortical impact model of TBI. The blood glucose and glutamate levels were measured before and 4 h following TBI. The brain tissues were collected to evaluate neuronal necrosis.

RESULTS: Glucagon or glucagon and insulin combination were able to prevent the increased of blood glutamate levels following TBI (p < 0.05). Glucagon administration was associated high blood glucose level (198.10 ± 32.58 mg/dL); a combination with insulin was able to minimize the increased of blood glucose level (166.53 ± 18.48 mg/dL). Combination of glucagon and insulin had a lower number of neuronal necrosis compare to the other groups (p < 0.005).

CONCLUSION: The combination of glucagon and insulin potentially exhibit neuroprotection effect on rats following TBI as being demonstrated by lower number of neuronal necrosis. This finding further indicates the role of glucose homeostasis in neuroprotection.
Minimally Invasive Non-Endoscopic Correction for Sagittal Craniosynostosis in Children Aged Below 6 Months
Authors: Farghal Ayman , Bassim Khaled , Mostafa Elkatatny Amr
Published: November 2021

AIM: Object of this study is to determine effectiveness of this procedure used in this study which is minimally invasive non endoscopic correction for sagittal craniosynostosis in children below 6 months. METHODS: A prospective study was done in Neurosurgery children unit, Abu Elreash Japanese children hospital, Cairo university, Egypt, for patients with non syndromatic sagittal craniosynostosis. The variables analyzed; OFD, BPD, CI pre. & postoperative, age of patients at time of surgery, sex, duration of surgery and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: Our results shows statistically significant difference between pre-operative with post-operative after 2 days, post-operative follow-up, and follow-up after 1 year for OFD, BPD and CI. CONCLUSIONS: Internal helmet technique used in correction of sagittal synostosis in children below 6 months old giving good cosmetic results with the following advantages, (1) short surgery time, (2) small wound, (3) no much blood loss, (4) immediate good cosmetic result, (5) no need to use external devices which reduces the cost, family load, and child suffering, and (6) no need for long-term follow-up.