bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDEKATAN FALSAFAH SAINS AL-QUR’AN DALAM KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN KEBANGSAAN
Authors: Mat Tuah Abdul Hafiz
Published: March 2017

Negara yang membangun seperti Malaysia masih dibelenggu dengan fenomena permasalahan pendidikan. Usaha yang dilaksanakan oleh Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia dalam sistem pendidikan telah membawa pada tranformasi yang besar dalam kurikulum pendidikan kebangsaan. Melakukan beberapa perubahan pada sistem pendidikan perlu dilakukan bagi merealisasikan hasrat dan tujuan selaras dengan Falsafah Pendidikan Negara. Faktor ini berdasarkan pada pembentukan masyarakat masa depan akan lahir dari generasi yang terlatih dengan bentuk pendidikan masa kini. Kurikulum sekolah juga memerlukan pendekatan Sains al-Qur’an untuk melahirkan siswa yang dapat mengimbangi antara duniawi dan ukhrawi. Hal ini amat penting karena dalam kurikulum pendidikan kebangsaan ada menekankan pada aspek insan yang seimbang dan harmonis dari segi intelek, rohani, emosi, dan jasmani berdasarkan kepercayaan dan kepatuhan kepada Tuhan. Selain itu, pengaplikasian sains al-Qur’an dalam kurikulum menunjukkan bahwa sains dan al-Qur’an tidak boleh dipisahkan. Fokus kajian ini merujuk kepada falsafah sains al-Qur’an agar sains al-Qur’an dapat diterapkan dalam kurikulum pendidikan kebangsaan
METODE MUHADDITSIN DI ERA MODERN
Authors: Adriansyah Adriansyah
Published: March 2017

Pasca era tadwin, hampir seluruh disiplin ilmu di dunia Islam, termasuk kajian hadits, “berjalan di tempat”. Sungguhpun demikian, perhatian dan pemeliharaan terhadap hadits masih tetap digemari oleh para intelektual. Begitu pula di era modern, hadits tetap menjadi objek kritik yang tidak hanya dilakukan oleh umat Islam sendiri, melainkan juga orangorang luar, seperti Barat. Imperialisme Barat terhadap dunia Islam di masa lampau hingga kini menjadi awal sejarah betapa umat Islam hanya mampu “bertahan” ketimbang “menyerang”. Munculnya karya-karya pembelaan dan reaktif terhadap trend Barat dalam mengkritisi dan menghujat hadits, maka karya-karya tersebut menjadi trend dan metodologi lain yang dilakukan pemerhati hadits di era modern ini
REINTERPRETASI TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN HADITS-HADITS TENTANG GENDER DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQH AL-HADITS
Authors: Zailani Zailani , Bay Kaizal , Chalida Sri
Published: March 2017

There are a lot of hadiths that influenced certain circumstances, especially those “degrading” degrees of women. If the hadiths are textually practiced, there would certainly be an impact on human-right violations. If broken, it will also affect the person’s faith in applying the traditions of Prophet SAW in his life. This issue certainly needs the best solution in understanding these hadiths. It is unneglectable to avoid that women harassment are still happening today. Everyone witnesses that so many women lost their rights, both as a human being, such as subordinated to its shortcomings, but also as citizens, such as loss of right to be a leader. The women with this particular plight are the result of men’s behavior who stand on religious arguments (especially hadith) that put women as “humbled” and even simply as the creature that confined to live in walls of house, which is just back and forth between the kitchen, wells and mattresses. Reinterpretation of Islamic concepts on the position of women should be provided in order to give opportunity to the present women as highly dynamic, courteous, and beneficial for religion and society. We all believe that Prophet Muhammad SAW was the great personal who respected and uphold the honor of women. This is the gap between the will of the Prophet SAW with the understanding of Muslim believers about the hadiths of the Prophet SAW
EFFECTIVENESS OF RUQYAH SYAR’IYYAH ON PHYSICAL DISEASE TREATMENT IN RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Adynata Adynata , Idris Idris
Published: March 2017

Ruqyah Syar’iyyah is one of Sunnah Prophet Muhammad in treating diseases and disorders syaithan, that is by reciting Al-Qur’an verses and praying. Most Muslims understand that ruqyah Syar’iyyah is only effectively treat non-medical disease or illness caused by psychiatric disorders and jin, whereas medical illness to be treated by medical means, Though al-Qur’an Surat al-Isra’ verses 82 mentions that al-Qur’an is as a bidder (a cure) and a mercy for believers without distinction of medications for non-medical or medical illness. Based on the research of writer in 2015, there are two methods ruqyah Syar’iyyah in Riau Province, which is manual method and practical Qur’anic Healing method. In fact, there are many chronic medical illnesses cannot be treated by doctors, but these diseases can be treated and cured by ruqyah without being accompanied by medication. Thus, ruqyah Syar’iyyah is not only effectively treat mental illness, but also effectively treat medical ailments
PENERAPAN TAFSIR AL-QUR`AN BI AL-QUR`AN (Studi Atas Kitab Tafsir al-Mizan Fi Tafsir al-Qur`an Karya Muhammad Husain al-Thabathaba’i)
Authors: Irhas Irhas
Published: March 2017

Kitab tafsir al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur`an adalah karya terbesar Muhammad Husain al- Thabathaba’i, yaitu seorang mufassir dari kalangan muslim Syi’ah. Ada hal menarik dari kitab tafsir ini yaitu kitab tafsir ini tersebar tidak hanya di kalangan muslim Syi’ah, tapi juga tersebar luas di kalangan muslim Sunni. Di antara faktor penyebab diterimanya tafsir ini di kalangan muslim Sunni adalah karena kitab tafsir ini mengutamakan penggunaaan sumber bi al-ma’tsûr sebagai sumber penafsirannya. Satu di antara sumber penafsiran bi al-ma’tsûr adalah tafsir al-Qur’an yang berasal dari al-Qur’an. Fokus tulisan ini adalah tentang bagaimana Muhammad Husain al-Thabathaba’i menggunakan al-Qur’an sebagai sumber utama penafsirannya
Ludwik Fleck’s concepts slicing through the Gordian Knot of Serbian Archaeology
Authors: Milosavljević Monika
Published: March 2017

This article delves into the work of a researcher group based around the Center for Theoretical Archaeology in Belgrade (2007 – present) and the path they have taken to establish a foundation for further archaeological development within Serbia. This process illuminates the conceptual tools Fleck originally formulated - thought collectives, thought style, proto-ideas – which have played a significant role in the deconstruction of the concept of scientific fact and in the historicization / socialization of the theory of knowledge. For the Serbian archaeological community, one of the most fiendish aspects has been the ever present correlation between the field and the construction of a national identity - an especially painful theme for the postwar Balkans whose borders are still imprecisely defined.   Hence, this work pays special attention to long held beliefs of ethnicity, ethnogenesis and continuity, emanating from outdated racial anthropology, but unfortunately still held as fact in Serbian archaeology.
An introduction to a metaphysics of nature
Authors: Santos Ricardo Batista dos , Tozzini Daniel Laskowski
Published: March 2017

Book review:Ghins, Michel. Introdução a uma metafísica da natureza: Representação, realismo e leis científicas (An introduction to a metaphysics of nature: Representation, realism and scientific laws). Transl. Eduardo Barra e Ronei Clécio Mocellin. Editora UFPR, 2013. 96 pp. R$ 35,00 – ISBN- 9788565888356.
Technology, objects and ideology in the Francoist Spain
Authors: Ongay de Felipe Iñigo
Published: March 2017

Book review:
Camprubí, Lino, Engineers and the Making of the Francoist Regime, The MIT Press, 2014. 312 pp., ISBN: 9780262027175.
A Comparative Study on the Microstructure Evaluation of Thixoforged A356 and A380 Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Güler K. A. , Gecü R. , Kısasöz A. , Karaaslan A.
Published: March 2017

Semi-solid processes of aluminium alloys have been a focus of interest for many years. Thixoforging is a kind of forging process which is carried out in the semi-solid region of the alloy. Ingots used in thixoforging process cannot be produced by conventional ways; they must be prepared with different processing routes. In this study, low superheat casting (LSC) technique was used for ingot fabrication in thixoforging process. LSC can be summarized as the pouring of molten metal at a temperature very close to liquidus followed by rapid solidification. Low heat input combined with sudden cooling suppresses dendritic growth and the conventional casting structure converts into a more spherical structure. A356 and A380 are well-known casting aluminium alloys which are commonly used in sand and die casting processes. These alloys are appropriate for semi-solid process and there are many applications that researches have been carried out in time. In view of that, A356 and A380 alloys were selected as subject of this comparative study and final structures were evaluated together. A LSC combined thixoforging process was successfully applied to both alloys and a spherical microstructure was obtained. High sphericity with a simple microstructure is the characteristic of the A356 alloy. A380 shows relatively lower sphericity with more complex microstructure which has numerous different intermetallic compounds.
Effect of Flow Induced Orientation of Carbon Nanotubes on the Capillary Extrusion Behavior of Low-Density Polyethylene
Authors: Uematsu H. , Natsuume T. , Tanoue S. , Iemoto Y.
Published: March 2017

The effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the capillary extrusion behavior of low-density polyethylene (PE) was investigated. From the linear viscoelasticity and the morphology observation, it was found that the CNTs were well dispersed throughout the PE matrix and our system belonged to the semi-dilute regime. The strain hardening, which quantifies the extension of the PE chain, decreased by presence of CNTs in the uniaxial elongational deformation. In contrast, the normal stress difference was almost unaffected by CNTs in the shear deformation. The capillary extrusion behavior revealed that swell ratio decreased with increasing the CNT content although melt fracture was promoted. We summarize that the suppression of swell and promotion of melt fracture are attributable to the orientation of CNTs.
Bio-Based Hybrid Polymers from Vinyl Ester Resin and Modified Palm Oil: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Fakhari A. , Rahmat A. R. , Wahit M. U. , Arjmandi R.
Published: March 2017

A series of bio-based hybrid thermosets composed of maleinated acrylated epoxidized palm oil (MAEPO) and vinyl ester resin (VE) were produced using free radical-induced crosslinking. The amount of petroleum-based resin which was replaced by bio-resin (MAEPO) was varied from 5 to 20 wt%. The structure of the polymer systems was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis. The mechanical properties of the VE/MAEPO resins were studied using tensile, flexural and impact tests. The result obtained from structural analysis revealed that for the polymer hybrids with up to 20 wt% bio-resin content, there is good compatibility between MAEPO and VE as no phase separation was observed for these systems. The prepared eco-friendly bio-based thermosetting resins exhibit remarkable improvement in toughness parameters, such as ductility and impact strength, thereby showing potential for use in composites and nanocomposites applications.
Rotational Molding of Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Fumed Silica Nanocomposites
Authors: Chandran V. G , Waigaonkar S. D.
Published: March 2017

This paper deals with investigations of rotational molding of LLDPE – Fumed Silica (FS) nano composites. The investigations were conducted at an industrial scale using a three arm biaxial rotational molding machine by carefully monitoring the Internal Air Temperature (IAT) within the mold. The effect of 4% FS on powder flow quality (dry flow and bulk density), melt flow quality (Melt Flow Index (MFI), static mechanical properties (tensile strength, modulus, toughness, flexural strength and impact strength) as well as dynamic mechanical properties (storage and loss modulus), along with creep and relaxation were investigated. Morphological studies were conducted to correlate the above findings with the dispersion of the nano particles within the LLDPE matrix.
Improved Layer Mechanical Properties of Micro Injection Molded PP
Authors: Ma S. J. , Wang S. W. , Zhang Q. , Li Q.
Published: March 2017

The results have been achieved by adjusting the structure to improve the performance of micro injection molded isotactic polypropylene products. Annealing was adopted to optimize the performance of isotactic polypropylene micro injection molded gears. It was found that the annealing temperature shows greater influence on the crystalline structure of the micro injection molded gears than annealing time. The layer mechanical properties were greatly improved after annealing, about 1.7-fold for modulus and 1.9-fold for hardness of the micro injection molded gears relative to the unannealed sample. This is due to the fact the state of molecular chain aggregation tends to be consistent after high temperature annealing in the micro injection molded isotactic polypropylene gear sample.
CT-guided selective percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation via the foramen rotundum for isolated maxillary nerve idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Wan Quan , Zhang Daying , Cao Xintian , Zhang Yong , Zhu Mengye , Zuo Wei
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE

Although CT-guided selective percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRFT) via the foramen rotundum (FR) has been used in the clinic as a novel successful treatment for isolated, second division (maxillary nerve [V2]), idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN), there is only very limited related literature published to date. This report aims to provide more detail for physicians about this technique.

METHODS

Between March 2013 and April 2014, 20 patients with isolated V2 ITN refractory to or intolerant of drug treatment were treated by CT-guided selective PRFT via the FR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. The outcome of pain relief was assessed using the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain score, and grouped as good (BNI Class I or II, no medication required) and bad (BNI Class III–V, medication required or failed). Recurrence was defined as a relapse to a previous lower level after attainment of any higher level of pain relief. Adverse effects and complications were also monitored and recorded.

RESULTS

All patients (100%) obtained good pain relief including BNI Class I in 17 patients (85%) and BNI Class II in 3 patients (15%) immediately postoperatively. None of the patients were lost to follow-up. During the mean follow-up period of 24.3 months (range 18–30 months), 2 patients (10%) experienced recurring pain and the mean time until recurrence was 10.5 months (range 8–13 months). No adverse effects or complications occurred except for transient numbness restricted to the V2 dermatome in all patients (100%) and facial hematoma in 3 patients (15%).

CONCLUSIONS

In the current study, CT-guided selective PRFT via the FR not only achieved absolute selective lesioning to V2, but also helped patients attain successful pain relief with few adverse effects. These limited data suggest that CT-guided selective PRFT via the FR appears to be a feasible, safe, effective, and even relatively ideal treatment for isolated V2 ITN, but these findings need confirmation from further studies.
Rhizome extracts of Acorus odoratus: Antifungal, anti-yeast, anti-oxidant and HPLC quantification
Authors: Khan Bilal Muhammad , Bakht Jehan , Khan Wajid
Published: March 2017

Different extracts from the rhizomes of Acorus odoratus were assessed for the presence of antifungal, anti-yeast and anti-oxidant potential. Mild antifungal and robust anti-yeast potential were revealed by the tested samples. A gigantic anti-oxidant activity, however, was noted for all extracts at each concentration used. The data further revealed that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions measured fair antifungal (41.5% inhibition against Rhizopus oryzae and 36.2% inhibition against Acremonium alternatum at 2000 µg/well respectively), and highest anti-yeast (70.3 and 66.8% activities respectively at 2000 µg/disc) and anti-oxidant (95.8 and 97.9% activities respectively at 250 ppm) potential while samples extracted with water were least potent. Furthermore, both n-butanol and ethyl acetate were found as the best extraction solvents for antifungal, anti-yeast and anti-oxidant compounds (particularly gallic acid) from the rhizomes of A. odoratus in HPLC analysis.

 
Dairy Cows Produce Less Milk and Modify Their Behaviour during the Transition between Tie-Stall to Free-Stall
Authors: Broucek Jan , Uhrincat Michal , Mihina Stefan , Soch Miloslav , Mrekajova Andrea , Hanus Anton
Published: March 2017

Transfer of cattle to an unknown barn may result in a reduction in its welfare. Housing and management practices can result in signs of stress that include a long-term suppression of milk efficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of moving cows from the stanchion-stall housing to free-stall housing on their behaviour and production. The Holstein cows were moved into the new facility with free-stall housing from the old barn with stanchion-stall housing. Cows lay down up to ten hours (596.3 ± 282.7 min) after removing. The cows in their second lactation and open cows tended to lie sooner after removing than cows in their first lactation and pregnant cows. The times of total lying and rumination were increasing from the first day to the tenth day after removing (23.76 ± 7.20 kg vs. 30.97 ± 7.26 kg, p < 0.001). Cows produced 23.3% less milk at the first day following the transfer than at the last day prior to moving (p < 0.001). Loss of milk was gradually reduced and maximum production was achieved on the 14th day. The difference was found in milk losses due to the shift between cows on the first and second lactation (p < 0.01). The results of this study suggest that removing from the tie-stall barn with a pipeline milking system into the barn with free-stall housing and a milking parlour caused a decline in the cows’ milk production. However, when the cows are moved to a better environment, they rapidly adapt to the change.
Synthesis and Physical Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers with Different Monomer Compositions by Recombinant Pseudomonas putida LS46 Expressing a Novel PHA SYNTHASE (PhaC116) Enzyme
Authors: Sharma Parveen , Munir Riffat , Blunt Warren , Dartiailh Chris , Cheng Juijun , Charles Trevor , Levin David
Published: March 2017

A recombinant of Pseudomonas putida LS461 (deletion of the phaC1phaZphaC2 genes) was constructed by introducing cosmid JC123 carrying a novel phaC116 gene from a metagenomic clone. The resulting strain, P. putida LS46123, was able to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers with novel monomer compositions when cultured on glucose or free fatty acids, and accumulated PHAs from 9.24% to 27.09% of cell dry weight. The PHAs synthesized by P. putida LS46123 contained up to 50 mol % short chain length subunits (3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate), with the remaining monomers consisting of various medium chain length subunits. The PhaC116 protein expressed by P. putida LS46123 had an amino acid sequence similarity of 45% with the PhaC1 protein of the parent strain, P. putida LS46. Predicted 3D structures of the PhaC116 proteins from P. putida LS46123 and P. putida LS46 revealed several differences in the numbers and locations of protein secondary structures. The physical and thermal properties of the novel polymers synthesized by P. putida LS46123 cultured with glucose or free fatty acids differed significantly from those produced by P. putida LS46 grown on the same substrates. PHA polymers with different subunit compositions, and hence different physical and thermal properties, can be tailor-made using novel PHA synthase for specific applications.
A Measure Based on Beamforming Power for Evaluation of Sound Field Reproduction Performance
Authors: Chang Ji-Ho , Jeong Cheol-Ho
Published: March 2017

This paper proposes a measure to evaluate sound field reproduction systems with an array of loudspeakers. The spatially-averaged squared error of the sound pressure between the desired and the reproduced field, namely the spatial error, has been widely used, which has considerable problems in two conditions. First, in non-anechoic conditions, room reflections substantially deteriorate the spatial error, although these room reflections affect human localization to a lesser degree. Second, for 2.5-dimensional reproduction of spherical waves, the spatial error increases consistently due to the difference in the amplitude decay rate, whereas the degradation of human localization performance is limited. The measure proposed in this study is based on the beamforming powers of the desired and the reproduced fields. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed measure is less sensitive to room reflections and the amplitude decay than the spatial error, which is likely to agree better with the human perception of source localization.
Evaluating the Hydrological Cycle over Land Using the Newly-Corrected Precipitation Climatology from the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC)
Authors: Schneider Udo , Finger Peter , Meyer-Christoffer Anja , Rustemeier Elke , Ziese Markus , Becker Andreas
Published: March 2017

The 2015 release of the precipitation climatology from the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) for 1951–2000, based on climatological normals of about 75,100 rain gauges, allows for quantification of mean land surface precipitation as part of the global water cycle. In GPCC’s 2011-release, a bulk climatological correction was applied to compensate for gauge undercatch. In this paper we derive an improved correction approach based on the synoptic weather reports for the period 1982–2015. The compared results show that the climatological approach tends to overestimate the correction for Central and Eastern Europe, especially in the northern winter, and in other regions throughout the year. Applying the mean weather-dependent correction to the GPCC’s uncorrected precipitation climatology for 1951–2000 gives a value of 854.7 mm of precipitation per year (excluding Antarctica) or 790 mm for the global land surface. The warming of nearly 1 K relative to pre-industrial temperatures is expected to be accompanied by a 2%–3% increase in global (land and ocean) precipitation. However, a comparison of climatology for 30-year reference periods from 1931–1960 up to 1981–2010 reveals no significant trend for land surface precipitation. This may be caused by the large variability of precipitation, the varying data coverage over time and other issues related to the sampling of rain-gauge networks. The GPCC continues to enlarge and further improve the quality of its database, and will generate precipitation analyses with homogeneous data coverage over time. Another way to reduce the sampling issues is the combination of rain gauge-based analyses with remote sensing (i.e., satellite or radar) datasets.
Chemical Contaminants Associated with Palm Wine from Nigeria Are Potential Food Safety Hazards
Authors: Nwaiwu Ogueri , Itumoh Martin
Published: March 2017

Recent analysis of palm wine, a traditional drink fermented mainly by yeasts, revealed the presence of several chemicals that were not products of yeast fermentation. The chemicals included styrene, benzene, trimethyldioxolane, dichloromethane, methylene fluoride, dichloroethanol, benzylisoquinoline and tetraacetyl-d-xylonic nitrile. A review of the concentrations of these compounds in palm wine found that the benzene concentrations in all samples reviewed ranged from 56–343 ppm and were within permissible limits, whereas the styrene values (1505–5614 ppm) in all the palm wine samples evaluated were well over the recommended concentration that is immediately dangerous to life or health. Other chemical compounds evaluated varied according to location or sample source. The concentrations obtained are estimates only and a quantitative study needs to be carried out before the impact of these chemicals on health is evaluated. A search on The PubChem Project, the open chemical database, showed the description, properties and uses of these chemicals. Further searches carried out within other databases like PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, using each chemical’s name as a search term, showed possible hazards and adverse health conditions caused by these chemicals, especially styrene, benzene and dichloromethane. The point at which the chemicals are introduced into the drink is still not clear and requires further investigation. The chemicals can be hazardous to humans and there is need to establish and maintain a system that can guarantee permissible levels in the drink. This can be carried out using concentrations of the chemicals that are already known to be immediately dangerous to life or health as a reference point.
Study on the Progressive Failure Characteristics of Longmaxi Shale under Uniaxial Compression Conditions by X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography
Authors: Li Xiao , Duan Yongting , Li Shouding , Zhou Runqing
Published: March 2017

To investigate the deformation-failure process of Longmaxi shale under uniaxial compression conditions from the mesoscopic and macroscopic points of view, novel X-ray microComputed Tomography (micro-CT) equipment combined with unique loading apparatus was used. Cylindrical shale samples (4 mm in diameter and 8 mm in height) were produced to perform a series of uniaxial compression tests. CT scanning images at different time points during the loading process were obtained to study the characteristics of the progressive failure. In addition, stereograms were reconstructed and vertical slices were selected to explain the failure mechanism. From the results of the testing the low-density area, local per-peak cracks, numerous post-peak cracks and secondary cracks consecutively appeared in the CT images. Vertical and inclined fissures in the samples could be observed from the stereograms’ surfaces and from internal slices. The cracking indicates that the failure process of shale is progressive and the failure mechanism of shale under uniaxial compression is mainly tension destruction or comprehensive tension-shear destruction.
A Multi-Scale Residential Areas Matching Method Using Relevance Vector Machine and Active Learning
Authors: Zhang Xinchang , Luo Guowei , He Guangjing , Chen Liyan
Published: March 2017

Multi-scale object matching is the key technology for upgrading feature cascade and integrating multi-source spatial data. Considering the distinctiveness of data at different scales, the present study selects residential areas in a multi-scale database as research objects and focuses on characteristic similarities. This study adopts the method of merging with no simplification, clarifies all the matching pairs that lack one-to-one relationships and places them into one-to-one matching pairs, and conducts similarity measurements on five characteristics (i.e., position, area, shape, orientation, and surroundings). The relevance vector machine (RVM) algorithm is introduced, and the method of RVM-based spatial entity matching is designed, thus avoiding the needs of weighing feature similarity and selecting matching thresholds. Moreover, the study utilizes the active learning approach to select the most effective sample for classification, which reduces the manual work of labeling samples. By means of 1:5000 and 1:25,000 residential areas matching experiments, it is shown that the RVM method could achieve high matching precision, which can be used to accurately recognize 1:1, 1:m, and m:n matching relations, thus improving automation and the intelligence level of geographical spatial data management.
Fast-Response Electrostatic Actuator Based on Nano-Gap
Authors: Kostsov Edward , Sokolov Alexei
Published: March 2017

The possibility of constructing new high-performance electrostatic fast actuators based on energy transformation in nanometer gaps is considered. The construction and the properties of the operation of such devices as well as their typical parameters are described. The drives are based on ferroelectrics with high values of dielectric permittivity (above 1000). They can be constructed using microelectronic technology. It is demonstrated that the actuators are capable of maintaining forces with a specific density up to 106 N/m2 and up to 100–1000 N in real devices for 10–100 µs. Experimental research results of such actuators are presented.
Combined Effects of Ozone and Drought on the Physiology and Membrane Lipids of Two Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Cultivars
Authors: Rebouças Deborah , De Sousa Yuri , Bagard Matthieu , Costa Jose , Jolivet Yves , De Melo Dirce , Repellin Anne
Published: March 2017

The interactive effects of drought and ozone on the physiology and leaf membrane lipid content, composition and metabolism of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) were investigated in two cultivars (EPACE-1 and IT83-D) grown under controlled conditions. The drought treatment (three-week water deprivation) did not cause leaf injury but restricted growth through stomatal closure. In contrast, the short-term ozone treatment (130 ppb 12 h daily during 14 day) had a limited impact at the whole-plant level but caused leaf injury, hydrogen peroxide accumulation and galactolipid degradation. These effects were stronger in the IT83-D cultivar, which also showed specific ozone responses such as a higher digalactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG):monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) ratio and the coordinated up-regulation of DGDG synthase (VuDGD2) and ω-3 fatty acid desaturase 8 (VuFAD8) genes, suggesting that membrane remodeling occurred under ozone stress in the sensitive cultivar. When stresses were combined, ozone did not modify the stomatal response to drought and the observed effects on whole-plant physiology were essentially the same as when drought was applied alone. Conversely, the drought-induced stomatal closure appeared to alleviate ozone effects through the reduction of ozone uptake.
Shape Memory Investigation of α-Keratin Fibers as Multi-Coupled Stimuli of Responsive Smart Materials
Authors: Xiao Xueliang , Hu Jinlian , Gui Xiaoting , Qian Kun
Published: March 2017

Like the water responsive shape memory (SM) effect of β-keratin bird feathers, α-keratin hairs either existing broadly in nature are found responsive to many types of coupled stimuli in SM behaviors. In this article, α-keratin hairs were investigated for the combined stimuli of thermo-solvent, solvent-solvent, and UV (radiation)-reductant sensitive SM abilities. The related netpoints and switches from the hair molecular networks were identified. The experimental results showed that α-keratin hairs manifested a higher ability of shape fixation under thermal stimulus followed with the stimuli of solvent and UV-radiation. Shape recovery from the hair with a temporarily fixed shape showed a higher recovery ability using solvent than the stimuli of heat and UV-radiation. The effects of coupled stimuli on hair’s shape fixation and recovery and on variations of the crystal, disulfide, and hydrogen bonds were studied systematically. A structural network model was thereafter proposed to interpret the multi-coupled stimuli sensitive SM of α-keratin hair. This original study is expected to provide inspiration for exploring other natural fibers to reveal related smart functions and for making more types of remarkable adapted synthetic materials.
How to Assess Product Performance in the Circular Economy? Proposed Requirements for the Design of a Circularity Measurement Framework
Authors: Saidani Michael , Yannou Bernard , Leroy Yann , Cluzel François
Published: March 2017

Assessing product circularity performance is not straightforward. Meanwhile, it gains increasingly importance for businesses and industrial practitioners who are willing to effectively take benefits from circular economy promises. Thus, providing methods and tools to evaluate then enhance product performance—in the light of circular economy—becomes a significant but still barely addressed topic. Following a joint agreement on the need to measure product circularity performance, this paper provides an overview of mechanisms aiming to help industrial practitioners in this task. In fact, three existing approaches to measure product circularity performance have been tested on an industrial case study and criticized regarding both their applicability in industry and their accordance with circular economy principles. Although these methods and tools deliver a first and rapid trend of product circularity performance, the whole complexity of circular economy paradigm is far from being considered. In addition, operational guidance for engineers, designers or managers to improve their products in a circular economy context are missing. As a result, both recommendations for industrial practitioners and guidelines for the design and development of new frameworks, tools and indicators aiming at measuring product circularity performance are provided. This includes cornerstones, key requirements and practical implications to support enhanced circularity measurement that will be developed in further work, accordingly to circular economy paradigm and industrial reality.
Ruin Probabilities in a Dependent Discrete-Time Risk Model With Gamma-Like Tailed Insurance Risks
Authors: Huang Xing-Fang , Zhang Ting , Yang Yang , Jiang Tao
Published: March 2017

This paper considered a dependent discrete-time risk model, in which the insurance risks are represented by a sequence of independent and identically distributed real-valued random variables with a common Gamma-like tailed distribution; the ﬁnancial risks are denoted by another sequence of independent and identically distributed positive random variables with a ﬁnite upper endpoint, but a general dependence structure exists between each pair of the insurance risks and the ﬁnancial risks. Following the works of Yang and Yuen in 2016, we derive some asymptotic relations for the ﬁnite-time and inﬁnite-time ruin probabilities. As a complement, we demonstrate our obtained result through a Crude Monte Carlo (CMC) simulation with asymptotics.
On-Grid Solar PV versus Diesel Electricity Generation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Economics and GHG Emissions
Authors: Baurzhan Saule , Jenkins Glenn
Published: March 2017

Many power utilities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have inadequate generation capacity, unreliable services, and high costs. They also face capital constraints that restrict them from making the investments necessary for capacity expansion. Capacity shortages have compelled power utilities to use leased emergency power-generating units, mainly oil-fired diesel generators, as a short-term solution. An economic analysis is carried out to compare the economic net present value (ENPV) of fuel savings, as well as the greenhouse gas (GHG) savings, from investing capital in a solar PV power-generation plant with those from investing the same amount of funds into a diesel power plant. The results show that ENPV is negative for the solar PV plant, whereas it has a large positive value for the diesel plant. In addition, the diesel plant would be almost three times as effective in reducing GHG emissions as the same value of investment in the solar PV plant. Even with solar investment costs falling, it will take 12 to 24 years of continuous decline before solar PV becomes cost-effective for SSA. The capital cost of solar PV would need to drop to US$1058.4 per kW to yield the same level of ENPV as the diesel plant.
The Kinematics of the Permitted C ii λ6578 Line in a Large Sample of Planetary Nebulae*

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Authors: Richer Michael G. , Suárez Genaro , López José Alberto , García Díaz María Teresa
Published: March 2017

We present spectroscopic observations of the C ii
λ6578 permitted line for 83 lines of sight in 76 planetary nebulae at high spectral resolution, most of them obtained with the Manchester Echelle Spectrograph on the 2.1 m telescope at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional on the Sierra San Pedro Mártir. We study the kinematics of the C ii
λ6578 permitted line with respect to other permitted and collisionally excited lines. Statistically, we find that the kinematics of the C ii
λ6578 line are not those expected if this line arises from the recombination of C2+ ions or the fluorescence of C+ ions in ionization equilibrium in a chemically homogeneous nebular plasma, but instead its kinematics are those appropriate for a volume more internal than expected. The planetary nebulae in this sample have well-defined morphology and are restricted to a limited range in Hα line widths (no large values) compared to their counterparts in the Milky Way bulge; both these features could be interpreted as the result of young nebular shells, an inference that is also supported by nebular modeling. Concerning the long-standing discrepancy between chemical abundances inferred from permitted and collisionally excited emission lines in photoionized nebulae, our results imply that multiple plasma components occur commonly in planetary nebulae.
Análise da Viabilidade Econômica de uma Spin-Off de Electrospinning no Brasil
Authors: De Oliveira Ariadne Helena Pequeno , Pisanu Luciano , Oliveira Helinando Pequeno de , Nascimento Marcio Luis Ferreira
Published: March 2017

A produção de nanofibras a partir da técnica de electrospinning representa uma linha de atuação estratégica nacional tendo em vista os diversos tipos de materiais que podem ser obtidos, assim como um amplo leque de aplicações. Nanocompósitos poliméricos, constituídos geralmente pela junção de um polímero com substâncias inorgânicas torna possível a obtenção de novos materiais com características únicas e otimizadas quando comparadas às substâncias em separado. O uso da técnica de eletrofiação (electrospinning) faz com que a interação entre os dois materiais na formação das fibras ocorra de maneira mais efetiva. Com o objetivo de melhor utilização dessa técnica, nesse trabalho foi analisada financeiramente a viabilidade de compra e instalação de um spin-off acadêmico visando a fabricação de nanofios pela tecnica de electrospinning por uma incubadora de inovação de alta base tecnológica, vinculada a um laboratório de pesquisa em materiais brasileiro. A partir da utilização dos métodos de análise econômica de Valor Presente Líquido e Taxa Interna de Retorno foi possível verificar o potencial de lucratividade que a aquisição e operação de uma máquina de electrospinning pode fornecer para uma spin-off, levando em consideração tanto o aparato inicial necessário quanto as particularidades e variações apresentadas pelo mercado em que o produto está inserido.
Melhorias no fluxo interno de informações a partir da aplicação da ferramenta QFD
Authors: Dos Santos Leonardo Moraes Aguiar Lima , Hoppe Daniel Augusto , Silva André Luiz Emmel , Silva Patricia Paz , Reis Lucas Vinicius
Published: March 2017

O fluxo de informações, a ética e a transparência organizacional são aspectos importantes para o sucesso das empresas. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre as relações de cliente interno e fornecedor interno do setor de pré-impressão de uma indústria produtora de cigarros, com o uso de ferramentas da qualidade para analisar as relações. O objetivo é analisar as relações internas de trabalho das áreas produtivas do setor e sugerir melhorias no processo interno de trabalho. O estudo foi elaborado procurando ir ao encontro das necessidades identificadas em cada área. A metodologia adotada baseia-se em pesquisas bibliográficas e pesquisa-ação, focadas no mapeamento do processo interno e na descoberta dos pontos de maior importância nas relações. Através dos estudos realizados, foram identificadas as exigências dos clientes e os pontos principais para garantir a qualidade, no qual se evidencia uma grande necessidade de melhorar a comunicação interna entre as áreas. Os resultados apontam para a realização de uma ação para aumentar o nível de conhecimento dos projetos e do grau de conhecimento das áreas em relação ao funcionamento do setor e do trabalho sendo executados pelos colegas de outras áreas.
COMPARAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS DE GESTÃO DE ESTOQUE VIA SIMULAÇÃO DE MONTE CARLO
Authors: Nonenmacher Junior Luiz , Anzanello Michel J.
Published: March 2017

Muitas empresas de pequeno porte são desafiadas a conciliar um atendimento rápido aos clientes com um baixo custo de estoque de produtos prontos, enfrentando problemas decorrentes da ausência de uma sistemática consolidada de gestão de estoques. O objetivo deste artigo é comparar dois modelos de gestão de estoque de revisão periódica – o modelo (R,s,S) e o modelo (R,S,Qmin) – utilizando simulação de Monte Carlo. A comparação foi feita variando o nível máximo desejado de estoque e avaliando o nível de serviço obtido, bem como seu custo de guarda associado. Após definir o melhor método para a empresa estudada, uma produtora de plásticos de pequeno porte, foram avaliados os efeitos de mudanças em parâmetros do processo (lead time, tempo de setup e período de revisão) sobre os resultados obtidos. Com a modelagem concluída, foi realizada a escolha do melhor método e depois simuladas alternativas. Concluiu-se que o modelo (R,s,S) trouxe melhores resultados, com um custo médio 7,4% inferior ao modelo (R,S,Qmin). Constatou-se ainda que o parâmetro lead time possui maior impacto sobre os resultados, quando comparado ao tempo de setup. Por fim, não se recomenda a redução do período de revisão, pois aumenta os custos médios de estocagem.
« Notre devoir envers la science ». Médecines humaine et animale dans la guerre de Sécession, 1861-1865
Authors: Meier Kathryn Shively
Published: March 2017

La guerre de Sécession américaine transforma la communauté médicale américaine du Nord, celle du Sud en proie à la pénurie, ainsi que la médecine vétérinaire à l’époque sous-développée. Elles adoptèrent des approches communes associées à « l’école de Paris » de médecine clinique. Les circonstances de la guerre firent s’élargir le champ d’intervention des médecins et des vétérinaires (élites diplômées ou ruraux ayant été formés sur le terrain), pour y intégrer des approches scientifiques et sanitaires alternatives qu’ils avaient été nombreux à refuser catégoriquement avant la guerre. Ces évolutions furent à la fois délibérées et fruits des circonstances, tout en étant facilitées par le contexte militaire. Les médecins les plus influents, formés à l’étranger avant la guerre et déjà acculturés aux pratiques scientifiques, obligèrent les chirurgiens du rang à adopter de nouvelles techniques. Par ailleurs, l’urgence et l’ampleur des problèmes, ainsi que les privations causées par la crise sanitaire de guerre, les encouragèrent à improviser et accepter de nouvelles méthodes. Les officiers chirurgiens et vétérinaires bénéficiaient d’une protection professionnelle due à leur rang et d’une population de patients captive et obéissante. La guerre a donné le jour à un ensemble de pratiques médicales, sous l’enseigne de la science, et a contribué à la revendication d’une nouvelle identité professionnelle. Ces évolutions de la médecine humaine et vétérinaire ont survécu à la guerre, dont témoignent des publications, des associations professionnelles et des instituts de formation.
La tension entre l’autoritarisme et la compassion : le cas de Franklin Brito au Venezuela
Authors: Vásquez Lezama Paula
Published: March 2017

Ce travail décrit les conditions et les circonstances de la protestation d’un gréviste de la faim au Venezuela et en offre une lecture d’anthropologie du politique, avec le but de montrer la tension entre l’autoritarisme et la compassion. Le travail est composé de trois parties. Tout d’abord seront présentées des séquences du conflit et la trajectoire de ce gréviste. Ensuite, les différentes lectures politiques du cas seront analysées, pour montrer l’importance de la relation politique inhérente aux émotions sociales et politiques que ce cas suscite. Enfin, il s’agira de montrer le paradoxe sous-jacent à la mobilisation de la compassion dans la révolution bolivarienne vénézuélienne à partir du cas de ce gréviste soumis à la fin de sa vie à des conditions d’extrême assujettissement, d’invisibilité sociale et d’anéantissement.
Égalité ou supériorité ?
Authors: Brice Benjamin
Published: March 2017

Résumé L’étude de la reconnaissance dans les relations internationales permet de contester le modèle dominant de l’acteur cherchant de manière « rationnelle » à maximiser ses intérêts matériels (sécurité et profit). Cependant, ces nouvelles recherches se concentrent avant tout sur la « reconnaissance-égalité », c’est-à-dire sur le désir qu’ont les acteurs collectifs d’être reconnus par les autres comme des égaux. Ces approches mettent donc de côté la « reconnaissance-supériorité », c’est-à-dire la volonté d’être reconnu comme supérieur aux autres. Or, même si cette dernière motivation apparaît comme normativement problématique, il n’est pas évident qu’elle disparaisse de l’horizon de la vie internationale. Après avoir rappelé l’apport des réflexions sur la reconnaissance dans les études internationales et la manière dont cette nouvelle orientation s’est concentrée principalement sur la « reconnaissance-égalité », nous évoquerons quelques pistes pour aborder le phénomène de la « reconnaissance-supériorité » grâce à des suggestions anthropologiques et empiriques.
L’œuvre d’amour à l’époque de sa reproductibilité technique
Authors: Braunstein Néstor A.
Published: March 2017

Le corps réel du « parlêtre » ne cesse d’être transformé par l’addition de nouveaux organes : prothèses, appareillages, « lathouses ». Les composants organiques du corps sont remplacés par des éléments cybernétiques et ce processus nous transforme en cyborgs. Quelles sont les implications d’un tel changement dans le champ de l’amour et celui de la psychanalyse, dont le levier fondamental est l’amour, dans la mesure où, comme l’affirme Lacan, l’amour est un fait culturel ? Pouvons-nous soutenir avec Walter Benjamin que l’œuvre d’amour s’apparente à celui de l’art (tekhné)  ? Une telle hypothèse supposerait que le couple évolue en fonction de la reproductibilité mécanique et du clonage des organes techniques du langage qui l’unit. Cette hypothèse mérite d’être étudiée.
Le cas du patient G : traumatisme cérébral, psychose et psychanalyse
Authors: Caine Diana
Published: March 2017

À 28 ans, le patient G a été admis pour traumatisme crânien à la clinique où je travaille. Il se plaignait de l’impact sur sa vie du traumatisme cérébral subi à l’âge de 13 ans et de voix persécutrices. Cette crise est survenue alors que ses études universitaires prenaient fin, sa petite amie japonaise était retournée chez elle, et sa mère, avec laquelle il avait toujours vécu, l’avait laissé pour vivre ailleurs. L’évaluation neuropsychologique a constaté les déficits cognitifs que l’on rencontre habituellement après un traumatisme cérébral : usage concret du langage, capacité limitée à former des plans, etc. L’intervention psychanalytique a décelé une intense anxiété quant à la question de savoir s’il devait ou non épouser sa petite amie. Cet exposé aborde deux méthodes très différentes d’approche de la détresse psychologique de ce jeune homme. Si les deux approches permettent de dire que sa réflexion est concrète, que son usage du langage n’inclut pas la dialectique, qu’il manque d’empathie, qu’il a des difficultés à formuler des plans et à les exécuter, ce que la psychanalyse, elle, met en avant, c’est la possibilité de travailler avec l’expérience subjective singulière de ce patient, en tenant compte de la place du traumatisme neurologique dans son histoire.