bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Assessing the Electricity Demand in Brazil: Data-Driven Analysis and Ensemble Learning Models
Authors: Leme João Vitor , Casaca Wallace , Colnago Marilaine , Dias Maurício Araújo
Published: March 2020

The prediction of electricity generation is one of the most important tasks in the management of modern energy systems. Improving the assertiveness of this prediction can support government agencies, electric companies, and power suppliers in minimizing the electricity cost to the end consumer. In this study, the problem of forecasting the energy demand in the Brazilian Interconnected Power Grid was addressed, by gathering different energy-related datasets taken from public Brazilian agencies into a unified and open database, used to tune three machine learning models. In contrast to several works in the Brazilian context, which provide only annual/monthly load estimations, the learning approaches Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machines were trained and optimized as new ensemble-based predictors with parameter tuning to reach accurate daily/monthly forecasts. Moreover, a detailed and in-depth exploration of energy-related data as obtained from the Brazilian power grid is also given. As shown in the validation study, the tuned predictors were effective in producing very small forecasting errors under different evaluation scenarios.
Model-Based Adaptive Joint Estimation of the State of Charge and Capacity for Lithium–Ion Batteries in Their Entire Lifespan
Authors: Chen Zheng , Xiao Jiapeng , Shu Xing , Shen Shiquan , Shen Jiangwei , Liu Yonggang
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a co-estimation scheme of the state of charge (SOC) and available capacity is proposed for lithium–ion batteries based on the adaptive model-based algorithm. A three-dimensional response surface (TDRS) in terms of the open circuit voltage, the SOC and the available capacity in the scope of whole lifespan, is constructed to describe the capacity attenuation, and the battery available capacity is identified by a genetic algorithm (GA), together with the parameters related to SOC. The square root cubature Kalman filter (SRCKF) is employed to estimate the SOC with the consideration of capacity degradation. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the co-estimation scheme.
The Effect of Groundwater Flow on the Thermal Performance of a Novel Borehole Heat Exchanger for Ground Source Heat Pump Systems: Small Scale Experiments and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Serageldin Ahmed A. , Radwan Ali , Sakata Yoshitaka , Katsura Takao , Nagano Katsunori
Published: March 2020

New small-scale experiments are carried out to study the effect of groundwater flow on the thermal performance of water ground heat exchangers for ground source heat pump systems. Four heat exchanger configurations are investigated; single U-tube with circular cross-section (SUC), single U-tube with an oval cross-section (SUO), single U-tube with circular cross-section and single spacer with circular cross-section (SUC + SSC) and single U-tube with an oval cross-section and single spacer with circular cross-section (SUO + SSC). The soil temperature distributions along the horizontal and vertical axis are measured and recorded simultaneously with measuring the electrical energy injected into the fluid, and the borehole wall temperature is measured as well; consequently, the borehole thermal resistance (Rb) is calculated. Moreover, two dimensional and steady-state CFD simulations are validated against the experimental measurements at the groundwater velocity of 1000 m/year with an average error of 3%. Under saturated conditions without groundwater flow effect; using a spacer with SUC decreases the Rb by 13% from 0.15 m·K/W to 0.13 m·K/W, also using a spacer with the SUO decreases the Rb by 9% from 0.11 m·K/W to 0.1 m·K/W. In addition, the oval cross-section with spacer SUO + SSC decreases the Rb by 33% compared with SUC. Under the effect of groundwater flow of 1000 m/year; Rb of the SUC, SUO, SUC + SSC and SUO + SSC cases decrease by 15.5%, 12.3%, 6.1% and 4%, respectively, compared with the saturated condition.
Comprehensive Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology (2nd-ASAM) Applied to a Subcritical Experimental Reactor Physics Benchmark: IV. Effects of Imprecisely Known Source Parameters
Authors: Fang Ruixian , Cacuci Dan Gabriel
Published: March 2020

By applying the Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology (2nd-ASAM) to the polyethylene-reflected plutonium (PERP) benchmark, this work presents results for the first- and second-order sensitivities of this benchmark’s leakage response with respect to the spontaneous fission source parameters. The numerical results obtained for these sensitivities indicate that the 1st-order relative sensitivity of the leakage response to the source parameters for the two fissionable isotopes in the benchmark are all positive, signifying that an increase in the source parameters will cause an increase in the total neutron leakage from the PERP sphere. The 1st- and 2nd-order relative sensitivities with respect to the source parameters for 239Pu are very small (10−4 or less). In contradistinction, the 1st-order and several 2nd-order relative sensitivities of the leakage response with respect to the source parameters of 240Pu are large. Large values (e.g., greater than 1.0) are also displayed by several mixed 2nd-order relative sensitivities of the leakage response with respect to parameters involving the source and: (i) the total cross sections; (ii) the average neutrons per fission; and (iii) the isotopic number densities. On the other hand, the values of the mixed 2nd-order relative sensitivities with respect to parameters involving the source and: (iv) the scattering cross sections; and (v) and the fission cross sections are smaller than 1.0. It is also shown that the effects of the 1st- and 2nd-order sensitivities of the PERP benchmark’s leakage response with respect to the benchmark’s source parameters on the moments (expected value, variance and skewness) of the PERP benchmark’s leakage response distribution are negligibly smaller than the corresponding effects (on the response distribution) stemming from uncertainties in the total, fission and scattering cross sections.
Effectiveness of Scenedesmus sp. Biomass Grow and Nutrients Removal from Liquid Phase of Digestates
Authors: Kisielewska Marta , Zieliński Marcin , Dębowski Marcin , Kazimierowicz Joanna , Romanowska-Duda Zdzisława , Dudek Magda
Published: March 2020

One of the most important factors in determining the profitable production of microalgae biomass is the use of a cost effective growth medium that is rich in nutrients. The objective of the study was to determine the possibility of using digestates from anaerobic digestion of different feedstock mixtures as the media for Scenedesmus sp. cultivation. A different liquid digestate composition was obtained in terms of organic compounds, phosphorus, and nitrogen concentrations, depending on the substrates used in the anaerobic digestion. It was found that the highest biomass production was obtained when using digestate from anaerobic digestion of the feedstock mainly composed of microalgae biomass, which was characterized by low organic compounds concentration. In this case, the average biomass concentration reached 2382 mg total solids/L. A lower Scenedesmus sp. biomass yield was obtained using digestate from anaerobic digester processing feedstock based on maize silage and cattle menure. In the variants of the study, it was also found that the increase in the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the growth medium up to 160 mg/L significantly reduced the growth of Scenedesmus sp. The results indicated the possibility of a high ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphates removal from anaerobic digestates by Scenedesmus sp. microalgae. Phosphorus concentration in the cultivation medium is a limiting factor for the growth of Scenedesmus sp., thus phosphorus supplementation should be considered when using liquid digestate as the culture medium. The optimization model indicated that the volume of liquid digestate that was used for preparing the cultivation medium, the initial concentration of organic compounds, and the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen had a significant impact on the production of Scenedesmus sp. biomass.
Level of Pollution on Surrounding Environment from Landfill Aftercare
Authors: Baziene Kristina , Tetsman Ina , Albrektiene Ramune
Published: March 2020

This work examines how the pollution from landfill aftercare effect the surrounding area and water basins. The subject of the study was a closed landfill where waste was disposed of without any accounting and operation of the landfill. During the study, soil, surface water, and sediment samples were taken over a two-year period. The data obtained compared with the maximum allowable concentrations established in the Northern part of Lithuania. The water sampling sites were selected taking into account the direction of the water flow, and the landfill was found to influence the water quality. Within 500 meters before the landfill, heavy metals and metalloid concentrations did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations (Pb ≤ 20 µg/L; Ni ≤ 40 µg/L; Cr ≤ 100 µg/L; Cu ≤ 100 µg/L and As ≤ 20 µg/L). Soil and water sediment contamination factor and contamination level were determined for each metal and metalloid individually, which showed that as a single chemical element and its compounds none of them pose any danger to the environment. A different situation can be seen when calculating the total level of contamination, taking into account all pollutants classified as very hazardous, Zd > 10. The results showed that monitoring (of surface water, including soil) and investigations, helping to reduce negative environmental impact, should be continued in the closed landfill.
RNAi-Based Biofungicides as a Promising Next-Generation Strategy for Controlling Devastating Gray Mold Diseases
Authors: Islam Md Tabibul , Sherif Sherif M.
Published: March 2020

Botrytis cinerea is one of the most critical agro-economic phytopathogens and has been reported to cause gray mold disease in more than 1000 plant species. Meanwhile, small interfering RNA (siRNA), which induce RNA interference (RNAi), are involved in both host immunity and pathogen virulence. B. cinerea has been reported to use both siRNA effectors and host RNAi machinery to facilitate the progression of gray mold in host species. Accordingly, RNAi-based biofungicides that use double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to target essential fungal genes are considered an emerging approach for controlling devastating gray mold diseases. Furthermore, spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), in which the foliar application of dsRNA is used to silence the pathogen virulence genes, holds great potential as an alternative to host-induced gene silencing (HIGS). Recently, SIGS approaches have attracted research interest, owing to their ability to mitigate both pre- and post-harvest B. cinerea infections. The RNAi-mediated regulation of host immunity and susceptibility in B. cinerea–host interactions are summarized in this review, along with the limitations of the current knowledge of RNAi-based biofungicides, especially regarding SIGS approaches for controlling gray mold diseases under field conditions.
Undiscovered Roles for Transthyretin: From a Transporter Protein to a New Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gião Tiago , Saavedra Joana , Cotrina Ellen , Quintana Jordi , Llop Jordi , Arsequell Gemma , Cardoso Isabel
Published: March 2020

Transthyretin (TTR), an homotetrameric protein mainly synthesized by the liver and the choroid plexus, and secreted into the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid, respectively, has been specially acknowledged for its functions as a transporter protein of thyroxine and retinol (the latter through binding to the retinol-binding protein), in these fluids. Still, this protein has managed to stay in the spotlight as it has been assigned new and varied functions. In this review, we cover knowledge on novel TTR functions and the cellular pathways involved, spanning from neuroprotection to vascular events, while emphasizing its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We describe details of TTR as an amyloid binding protein and discuss its interaction with the amyloid Aβ peptides, and the proposed mechanisms underlying TTR neuroprotection in AD. We also present the importance of translating advances in the knowledge of the TTR neuroprotective role into drug discovery strategies focused on TTR as a new target in AD therapeutics.
Whole-Genome Uterine Artery Transcriptome Profiling and Alternative Splicing Analysis in Rat Pregnancy
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Kathirvel , Kumar Sathish
Published: March 2020

During pregnancy, the uterine artery (UA) undergoes extensive remodeling to permit a 20–40 fold increase in blood flow with associated changes in the expression of a multitude of genes. This study used next-gen RNA sequencing technology to identify pathways and genes potentially involved in arterial adaptations in pregnant rat UA (gestation day 20) compared with non-pregnant rat UA (diestrus). A total of 2245 genes were differentially expressed, with 1257 up-regulated and 970 down-regulated in pregnant UA. Gene clustering analysis revealed a unique cluster of suppressed genes implicated in calcium signaling pathway and vascular smooth muscle contraction in pregnant UA. Transcription factor binding site motif scanning identified C2H2 ZF, AP-2 and CxxC as likely factors functional on the promoters of down-regulated genes involved in calcium signaling and vascular smooth muscle contraction. In addition, 1686 genes exhibited alternative splicing that were mainly implicated in microtubule organization and smooth muscle contraction. Cross-comparison analysis identified novel genes that were both differentially expressed and alternatively spliced; these were involved in leukocyte and B cell biology and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, this first comprehensive study provides a valuable resource for understanding the molecular mechanism underlying gestational uterine arterial adaptations during pregnancy.
Drug Resistance in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Authors: Klener Pavel , Klanova Magdalena
Published: March 2020

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are lymphoid tumors that arise by a complex process of malignant transformation of mature lymphocytes during various stages of differentiation. The WHO classification of NHL recognizes more than 90 nosological units with peculiar pathophysiology and prognosis. Since the end of the 20th century, our increasing knowledge of the molecular biology of lymphoma subtypes led to the identification of novel druggable targets and subsequent testing and clinical approval of novel anti-lymphoma agents, which translated into significant improvement of patients’ outcome. Despite immense progress, our effort to control or even eradicate malignant lymphoma clones has been frequently hampered by the development of drug resistance with ensuing unmet medical need to cope with relapsed or treatment-refractory disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie inherent or acquired drug resistance might lead to the design of more effective front-line treatment algorithms based on reliable predictive markers or personalized salvage therapy, tailored to overcome resistant clones, by targeting weak spots of lymphoma cells resistant to previous line(s) of therapy. This review focuses on the history and recent advances in our understanding of molecular mechanisms of resistance to genotoxic and targeted agents used in clinical practice for the therapy of NHL.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Signaling in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Martini Fernanda , Pellati Agnese , Mazzoni Elisa , Salati Simona , Caruso Gaetano , Contartese Deyanira , De Mattei Monica
Published: March 2020

Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are clinically used with beneficial effects in the treatment of bone fracture healing. This is due to PEMF ability to favor the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Previous studies suggest that PEMFs enhance the osteogenic activity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) which is used in various therapeutic interventions. This study investigated the molecular events associated to the synergistic activity of PEMFs and BMP2 on osteogenic differentiation. To this aim, human MSCs (hMSCs) were exposed to PEMFs (75 Hz, 1.5 mT) in combination with BMP2, upon detection of the minimal dose able to induce differentiation. Changes in the expression of BMP signaling pathway genes including receptors and ligands, as well as in the phosphorylation of BMP downstream signaling proteins, such as SMAD1/5/8 and MAPK, were analyzed. Results showed the synergistic activity of PEMFs and BMP2 on osteogenic differentiation transcription factors and markers. The PEMF effects were associated to the increase in BMP2, BMP6, and BMP type I receptor gene expression, as well as SMAD1/5/8 and p38 MAPK activation. These results increase knowledge concerning the molecular events involved in PEMF stimulation showing that PEMFs favor hMSCs osteogenic differentiation by the modulation of BMP signaling components.
Environmental Signals on Microglial Function during Brain Development, Neuroplasticity, and Disease
Authors: Chagas Luana da Silva , Sandre Poliana Capucho , Ribeiro e Ribeiro Natalia Cristina Aparecida , Marcondes Henrique , Oliveira Silva Priscilla , Savino Wilson , Serfaty Claudio A.
Published: March 2020

Recent discoveries on the neurobiology of the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system (CNS), microglia, have been recognized as a growing field of investigation on the interactions between the brain and the immune system. Several environmental contexts such as stress, lesions, infectious diseases, and nutritional and hormonal disorders can interfere with CNS homeostasis, directly impacting microglial physiology. Despite many encouraging discoveries in this field, there are still some controversies that raise issues to be discussed, especially regarding the relationship between the microglial phenotype assumed in distinct contexts and respective consequences in different neurobiological processes, such as disorders of brain development and neuroplasticity. Also, there is an increasing interest in discussing microglial–immune system cross-talk in health and in pathological conditions. In this review, we discuss recent literature concerning microglial function during development and homeostasis. In addition, we explore the contribution of microglia to synaptic disorders mediated by different neuroinflammatory outcomes during pre- and postnatal development, with long-term consequences impacting on the risk and vulnerability to the emergence of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Physiological and Proteomic Dissection of the Responses of Two Contrasting Wheat Genotypes to Nitrogen Deficiency
Authors: Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Wang Ruonan , Zheng Lu , Dong Xiaoying , Shen Renfang , Lan Ping
Published: March 2020

Nitrogen deficiency usually occurs along with aluminum toxicity in acidic soil, which is one of the major constraints for wheat production worldwide. In order to compare adaptive processes to N deficiency with different Al-tolerant wheat cultivars, we chose Atlas 66 and Scout 66 to comprehensively analyze the physiological responses to N deficiency, coupled with label-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis. Results showed that both cultivars were comparable in most physiological indexes under N deficient conditions. However, the chlorophyll content in Scout 66 was higher than that of Atlas 66 under N deficiency. Further proteomic analysis identified 5592 and 5496 proteins in the leaves of Atlas 66 and Scout 66, respectively, of which 658 and 734 proteins were shown to significantly change in abundance upon N deficiency, respectively. The majority of the differentially expressed proteins were involved in cellular N compound metabolic process, photosynthesis, etc. Moreover, tetrapyrrole synthesis and sulfate assimilation were particularly enriched in Scout 66. Our findings provide evidence towards a better understanding of genotype-dependent responses under N deficiency which could help us to develop N efficient cultivars to various soil types.
Worldwide Availability of Maritime Medium-Frequency Radio Infrastructure for R-Mode-Supported Navigation
Authors: Koch Paul , Gewies Stefan
Published: March 2020

The Ranging Mode (R-Mode), a maritime terrestrial navigation system under development, is a promising approach to increase the resilient provision of position, navigation and timing (PNT) information for bridge instruments, which rely on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The R-Mode utilizes existing maritime radio infrastructure such as marine radio beacons, which support maritime traffic with more reliable and accurate PNT data in areas with challenging conditions. This paper analyzes the potential service, which the R-Mode could provide to the mariner if worldwide radio beacons were upgraded to broadcast R-Mode signals. The authors assumed for this study that the R-Mode is available in the service area of the 357 operational radio beacons. The comparison with the maritime traffic, which was generated from a one-day worldwide Automatic Identification System (AIS) Class A dataset, showed that on average, 67% of ships would operate in a global R-Mode service area, 40% of ships would see at least three and 25% of ships would see at least four radio beacons at a time. This means that R-Mode would support 25% to 40% of all ships with position and 67% of all ships with PNT integrity information. The relatively high number of supported ships compared to the total radio beacon coverage of about 9% of the earth’s surface is caused by the good coverage of busy ports and areas such as the coast of China, North Sea and Baltic Sea. These numbers emphasize the importance of marine radio beacons for the R-Mode system.
A Novel Outdoor Positioning Technique Using LTE Network Fingerprints
Authors: Li Da , Lei Yingke , Zhang Haichuan
Published: March 2020

In recent years, wireless-based fingerprint positioning has attracted increasing research attention owing to its position-related features and applications in the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, by leveraging long-term evolution (LTE) signals, a novel deep-learning-based fingerprint positioning approach is proposed to solve the problem of outdoor positioning. Considering the outstanding performance of deep learning in image classification, LTE signal measurements are converted into location grayscale images to form a fingerprint database. In order to deal with the instability of LTE signals, prevent the gradient dispersion problem, and increase the robustness of the proposed deep neural network (DNN), the following methods are adopted: First, cross-entropy is used as the loss function of the DNN. Second, the learning rate of the proposed DNN is dynamically adjusted. Third, this paper adopted several data enhancement techniques. To find the best positioning fingerprint and method, three types of fingerprint and five positioning models are compared. Finally, by using a deep residual network (Resnet) and transfer learning, a hierarchical structure training method is proposed. The proposed Resnet is used to train with the united fingerprint image database to obtain a positioning model called a coarse localizer. By using the prior knowledge of the pretrained Resnet, feed-forward neural network (FFNN)-based transfer learning is used to train with the united fingerprint database to obtain a better positioning model, called a fine localizer. The experimental results convincingly show that the proposed DNN can automatically learn the location features of LTE signals and achieve satisfactory positioning accuracy in outdoor environments.
On the Performance of Variational Mode Decomposition-Based Radio Frequency Fingerprinting of Bluetooth Devices
Authors: Aghnaiya Alghannai , Dalveren Yaser , Kara Ali
Published: March 2020

Radio frequency fingerprinting (RFF) is one of the communication network’s security techniques based on the identification of the unique features of RF transient signals. However, extracting these features could be burdensome, due to the nonstationary nature of transient signals. This may then adversely affect the accuracy of the identification of devices. Recently, it has been shown that the use of variational mode decomposition (VMD) in extracting features from Bluetooth (BT) transient signals offers an efficient way to improve the classification accuracy. To do this, VMD has been used to decompose transient signals into a series of band-limited modes, and higher order statistical (HOS) features are extracted from reconstructed transient signals. In this study, the performance bounds of VMD in RFF implementation are scrutinized. Firstly, HOS features are extracted from the band-limited modes, and then from the reconstructed transient signals directly. Performance comparison due to both HOS feature sets is presented. Moreover, the lower SNR bound within which the VMD can achieve acceptable accuracy in the classification of BT devices is determined. The approach has been tested experimentally with BT devices by employing a Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM) classifier. According to the classification results, a higher classification performance is achieved (~4% higher) at lower SNR levels (−5–5 dB) when HOS features are extracted from band-limited modes in the implementation of VMD in RFF of BT devices.
An Improved LDA-Based ELM Classification for Intrusion Detection Algorithm in IoT Application
Authors: Zheng Dehua , Hong Zhen , Wang Ning , Chen Ping
Published: March 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) is widely applied in modern human life, e.g., smart home and intelligent transportation. However, it is vulnerable to malicious attacks, and the current existing security mechanisms cannot completely protect the IoT. As a security technology, intrusion detection can defend IoT devices from most malicious attacks. However, unfortunately the traditional intrusion detection models have defects in terms of time efficiency and detection efficiency. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an improved linear discriminant analysis (LDA)-based extreme learning machine (ELM) classification for the intrusion detection algorithm (ILECA). First, we improve the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and then use it to reduce the feature dimensions. Moreover, we use a single hidden layer neural network extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm to classify the dimensionality-reduced data. Considering the high requirement of IoT devices for detection efficiency, our scheme not only ensures the accuracy of intrusion detection, but also improves the execution efficiency, which can quickly identify the intrusion. Finally, we conduct experiments on the NSL-KDD dataset. The evaluation results show that the proposed ILECA has good generalization and real-time characteristics, and the detection accuracy is up to 92.35%, which is better than other typical algorithms.
Visual Analysis of Odor Interaction Based on Support Vector Regression Method
Authors: Yan Luchun , Wu Chuandong , Liu Jiemin
Published: March 2020

The complex odor interaction between odorants makes it difficult to predict the odor intensity of their mixtures. The analysis method is currently one of the factors limiting our understanding of the odor interaction laws. We used a support vector regression algorithm to establish odor intensity prediction models for binary esters, aldehydes, and aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures, respectively. The prediction accuracy to both training samples and test samples demonstrated the high prediction capacity of the support vector regression model. Then the optimized model was used to generate extra odor data by predicting the odor intensity of more simulated samples with various mixing ratios and concentration levels. Based on these olfactory measured and model predicted data, the odor interaction was analyzed in the form of contour maps. This intuitive method showed more details about the odor interaction pattern in the binary mixture. We found that that the antagonism effect was commonly observed in these binary mixtures and the interaction degree was more intense when the components’ mixing ratio was close. Meanwhile, the odor intensity level of the odor mixture barely influenced the interaction degree. The machine learning algorithms were considered promising tools in odor researches.
Jellytoring: Real-Time Jellyfish Monitoring Based on Deep Learning Object Detection
Authors: Martin-Abadal Miguel , Ruiz-Frau Ana , Hinz Hilmar , Gonzalez-Cid Yolanda
Published: March 2020

During the past decades, the composition and distribution of marine species have changed due to multiple anthropogenic pressures. Monitoring these changes in a cost-effective manner is of high relevance to assess the environmental status and evaluate the effectiveness of management measures. In particular, recent studies point to a rise of jellyfish populations on a global scale, negatively affecting diverse marine sectors like commercial fishing or the tourism industry. Past monitoring efforts using underwater video observations tended to be time-consuming and costly due to human-based data processing. In this paper, we present Jellytoring, a system to automatically detect and quantify different species of jellyfish based on a deep object detection neural network, allowing us to automatically record jellyfish presence during long periods of time. Jellytoring demonstrates outstanding performance on the jellyfish detection task, reaching an F1 score of 95.2%; and also on the jellyfish quantification task, as it correctly quantifies the number and class of jellyfish on a real-time processed video sequence up to a 93.8% of its duration. The results of this study are encouraging and provide the means towards a efficient way to monitor jellyfish, which can be used for the development of a jellyfish early-warning system, providing highly valuable information for marine biologists and contributing to the reduction of jellyfish impacts on humans.
Effect of ElasticFiller on Pollutant Removal in Each Compartment of ABR
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Guozhen , Wu Fuping , Zhou Tianhong
Published: March 2020

This study was aimed to explore the effect of elastic filler on pollutant removal in each compartment of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), ABR with elastic filler, and ABR without elastic filler were compared. The result showed that elastic filler increased the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solid (SS) in the first compartment, decreased the removal rate of COD and SS in the second and third compartments, and had little effect on the removal rate of COD and SS in the fourth compartment. Elastic filler increased the increase rate of ammonia nitrogen in the first and second compartments, decreased the increase rate of ammonia nitrogen in the third and fourth compartments; elastic filler had little effect on the nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in each compartment of ABR. In general, elastic filler could improve the removal rate of COD and SS of ABR but had little effect on the increase rate of ammonia nitrogen, the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Elastic filler slightly increased the concentration of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid in the first compartment of ABR, and slightly decreased the sum of formic acid and acetic acid in the second, hird and fourth compartments. Elastic filler did not change the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM)in each compartment of ABR, but changed the kinds and contents of aromatic proteins, soluble microbial products and humic acids in each compartment of ABR. Elastic filler had little effect on ABR in the removal of aromatic proteins, but they could improve the removal rate of soluble microbial products and humicacids. Elastic filler slightly increased the degree of DOM humification (or maturity) in ABR effluent, but did not change the main source of humus like substance and DOM in ABR effluent.
Factors in a Sustainable Labor Market: Evidence from New College Graduates’ Initial Job Placement in Korea
Authors: Choi Daeheon , Chung Chune Young , Yoon Mira , Young Jason
Published: March 2020

Young Koreans have been experiencing stress and employment barriers due to progressively worsening employment issues since the late 1990s. College graduates spend excessive amounts of time job hunting, necessitating institutional and policy measures to improve their initial labor-market performance. We, therefore, attempt to empirically analyze the relevant factors. Focusing on sustainable job quality, company size, wages, and satisfaction levels for students’ first jobs after graduation, and we specifically use college education quality and graduates’ employment-preparation activities as independent variables and initial labor-market performance as a dependent variable. First, we measure education quality using vocational education and training, satisfaction with college education, and studying a language abroad. We find that they are positively associated with new graduates’ initial labor-market performance. Second, we measure employment preparation activities using internship experience, certificates obtained, and scores on standardized English exams. Internship experiences are positively associated with new graduates’ initial labor-market performance. These findings suggest that the Korean government should focus on establishing a sustainable labor market for new graduates and offer specific, diverse support programs to improve employment among young Koreans.
Spectrophotometric determination and estimation of minoxidil in tablet dosage form by UV
Authors: S. Khadeerunnisa  , T. VimalakKannan  , T. Vijaya Lakshmi
Published: March 2020

A simple, precise, accurate and economical UV spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Minoxidil in the tablet dosage form. Minoxidil shows maximum absorbance at 279.4nm. The method was carried out by using 0.1N HCl as a solvent. The drug shows linearity from the concentration range of 1-6µg/ml and correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9992. The proposed method was statistically validated for precision, accuracy, ruggedness, robustness, the limit of detection, quantitation as per the ICH guidelines. Hence this method can be successfully applied for routine analysis of Minoxidil in bulk and tablet dosage form.
A new analytical method for determination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in pharmaceutical formulations by HPLC method
Authors: K. Swathi  , P. Venkateswara Rao  , N. Srinivasa Rao
Published: March 2020

A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir in Tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Std Discovery C8 150 x 4.6 mm, 5m. Mobile phase containing Buffer 0.1% OPA: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 60:40 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Buffer used in this method was 0.1% OPA buffer. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 260 nm. Retention time of Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir were found to be 2.367 min and 3.436 min. %RSD of the Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir were and found to be 0.6 and 0.5 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 99.61% and 99.80% for Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir were 0.67, 2.02 and 0.70, 2.12 respectively. Regression equation of Sofosbuvir is y = 4266.x + 7700, and y = 4861.x + 2656.of Ledipasvir. Retention times were decreased and run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.
A new analytical method for determination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine in pharmaceutical formulations by RP-HPLC method
Authors: Parikela vani
Published: March 2020

A simple, rapid, precise, sensitive and reproducible reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine in pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine was achieved on Waters Alliance -2695, by using Luna C18 (250mm x 4.6mm, 5µm) column and the mobile phase containing 0.1% TEA adjusted pH-2.5 with OPA & ACN in the ratio of 60:40 v/v. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, detection was carried out by absorption at 261 nm using a photodiode array detector at ambient temperature. The number of theoretical plates and tailing factor for Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine were NLT 2000 and should not more than 2 respectively. The linearity of the method was excellent over the concentration range 30-450 µg/ml and 20-300 µg/ml for Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine respectively. The correlation coefficient was 0.999. % Relative standard deviation of peak areas of all measurements always less than 2.0. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The method was found to be simple, economical, suitable, precise, accurate & robust method for quantitative analysis of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine study of its stability.
Lateralização das funções Musicais na Epilepsia Parcial
Authors: Correia Cléo Monteiro França
Published: March 2020

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The main reasons for the exit of entrepreneurs from business
Authors: Pinkovetskaia I. S. , Berezina N. V. , Sverdlikova E. A.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the article is to study the reasons for the termination of entrepreneurial activity, as well as the accumulated experience of entrepreneurs leaving their business. Research on the principles and concepts of business termination became widespread in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century. At first, only Western European and American scientists were interested in this problem. Since 2005, the geography of researchers has expanded significantly. Our analysis is based on the consideration of monographs, articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals, published working papers and research reports. The article presents the characteristics of the main reasons and ways of entrepreneurs out of business. Author proposes their classification and systematization. The results of the study can be used in scientific research of entrepreneurship. They can be used in the educational activities of higher educational institutions. The results are of interest to existing entrepreneurs, helping them to properly build business exit programs.
Activation of students' activity in the conditions of training in cooperation technology
Authors: Klinkov Georgi T. , Rodionov Mikhail A. , Bakharev Nikolay P. , Vezetiu Ekaterina V. , Vovk Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2020

Competence-based approach, becoming dominant in the system of higher education, marked the transition from traditional methods and means of education to the use of innovative technologies. Modern higher schools under the influence of the requirements of Federal state educational standards seek to optimize their own activities in order to improve the quality of education and seek new ways to build competence. Today, within the framework of the competence-based approach having a practice-oriented focus, technologies of training in cooperation that meet the requirements for modern training of students are becoming more popular. The purpose of the article is to present the experience of using learning technologies in cooperation, activating the students’ performance. A powerful argument in favor of training in cooperation technologies implementation is their wide functionality in the development of professional competence of a specialist. Since the development of student competence takes place within the framework of various activities, we consider the technology of training in cooperation, allowing students to maximize their potential in the process of interaction with classmates. The article identifies such important advantages of the technology under consideration as the development of independence, creative component, skills of effective interaction and the ability to conduct a constructive dialogue. We consider ideas of training in cooperation technology in detail as well as carry the analysis on the example of pedagogical courses. The presented research allowed establishing increase of students’ activity in studying of pedagogical courses at the expense of identification of an average score in studied profiles.
Implementation of discussion technologies in a personality-centered professional education
Authors: Klinkov Georgi T. , Rodionov Mikhail A. , Kozlova Olga E. , Vezetiu Ekaterina V. , Vovk Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2020

The conditions of modern labor market dictate the need for highly qualified specialists who creatively approach the performance of their professional activities, independently making competent productive decisions. In search of a solution to this problem, higher education institutions resort to the use of modern educational technologies. The article presents the forms of implementation of discussion technologies, their peculiarity, considers their importance and specificity of use in the conditions of personality-centered training and defines the goals of discussion technologies implementation in the course study. The study revealed an increase in the level of students’ training. The use of discussion technologies allowed them to study the topics of the course more deeply.
ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF GRANULES OF TIEN LIET THANH GIAI BY EXPERIMENTAL TRIAL
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phuong Quynh , Vu Thi Ngoc Thanh , Nguyen Thi Tan
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Study on the acute and subchronic toxicity of granules of Tien liet thanh giai (TLTG). Methods: Define LD50 of granules of TLTG in the mice by Litchfield – Wilcoxon method. Subchronic toxicity: TLTG was been given orally to rabbit with the daily dose of 1,2g and 3,6g/kg body weight for 3 successive months. The measurements of the liver, kidney and blood were followed before, during and after the trial. Results: There was no mice died during 72 hours and there was no toxic signs observed in the mice after 7 days observed. There was no changes in parameters of the liver and kidney, and hematopoietic system. Conclusion: LD50 can not be defined in the mice. There was no subchronic toxicity in rabbit with the daily dose of 1,2g and 3,6g/kg body weight.

Keywords: Acute toxicity, subchronic toxicity, experiment.
THE INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF THE HERBAL MEDICINE “NGUU SAM TRA” IN TREATING SYMPTOMS OF DYSLIPIDERMIA
Authors: Ton Thi Tinh , Nguyen Thi Minh Thuy
Published: March 2020

Background: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and a cause of many cardiovascular diseases. Treatment of symptoms of dyslipidemia will limit the development of atherosclerosis and prevent its complications and consequences. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the herbal medicine “Nguu sam tra” on some clinical and sub-clinical indicators of patients with symptoms of the primary dyslipidemia and adverse effects of the herbal medicine. Materials and Methods: the clinical trial on 30 patients diagnosed as the primary blood lipid disorder and used the treatment protocol of 30 days with “Nguu sam Tra” by oral administration. Results: Rates of reduction of CT, TG and LDL-C were 24.28%, 39.7% and 20.04%, respectively. HDL-C increaseed 18.3%. Effective treatment at good, fair good and average level accounted for 17% , 60% and 23%, consecutively. Indexes of urea, creatinine, ALT and AST change without statistical significance. Conclusion: The herbal medicine “Nguu sam tra” is to reduce blood lipid after 30 days of treatment. The herbal medicine has no adverse effects and does not affect liver and kidney functions

Keywords: Nguu sam tra, Dyslipidemia.
PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT SATISFACTION AND FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT AFTER HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY USING OXFORD HIP SCORE AND RELATED FACTORS
Authors: Ton That Minh Dat , Tran Thi Quynh Trang , Bui Phuoc Vinh
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Preliminary assessment of patient satisfaction and functional improvement after hip replacement surgery by self-reported measure Oxford Hip Score and several related factors.
Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study on patients received hip replacement surgery at the Orthopaedics Center, Hue Central Hospital due to severe pain and functional limitation from 10/2014 to 04/2015.
Results: 20 patients participated in the study with a mean age of 69.75 (male 52.15 and female 73.63). The main cause of hip replacement surgery is fracture (55%) and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (30%). The percentageof poor OHS level is 85% in preoperative assessment. Mean OHS scoredat 3 month and 6 monthpostoperatively increased over 19 points, with a good and very good OHS level 50% and 60% respectively; the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The percentage of patients with poor function level at 6 month remained 30%. The proportion of patients achieved very satisfied and completely satisfied at 6 month is 80%. There are many factors affecting the degree of functionnal recovery and patient satisfaction after hip replacement therapy, but because of small number of subjects in our study, there is no clear statistical significance.
Conclusion: Using the self-assessment scale Oxford Hip Score is a simple andcosteffective method with high validity and reliability for monitoring long-term changes of the hip joint function after hip replacement surgery. The high proportion of poor hip function level at 6 month after operation in our study may be due to many causes such as old age, co-morbidities, low preoperative OHS, complications after surgery, inadequate postoperative rehabilitation.

Key words: Hip replacement therapy, pain, functions, self-reported measure, Oxford Hip Score, exercise, rehabilitation.
KNOWLEDGE,ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE IN PREVENTION WITH GENITAL UNDER TRACT INFECTION OF 15-49 YEAR-OLD KHMER WOMEN IN CAN THO
Authors: Phan Trung Thuan , Tran Dinh Binh , Dinh Thanh Hue , Dinh Phong Son , Truong Kieu Oanh , Truong Hoai Phong
Published: March 2020

Objective: To understand the problems in relation to the Knowledge,attitude and practice in prevention with genital under tract infection of 15-49 year-old Khmer women in Can Tho. Discuss prevention strategies aim to improve the effectiveness of prevention of genital under tract infection.
Methods: Cross-sectional study of Khmer women in Can Tho city. To conduct directly interviews to collect data through questions about the relevant con.
Results: The average age of Khmer women participating is 35.6 ± 10.5 (min 15, max 49). The rate of graduated in high school older is 12.1%; 44.6% living with family. Rating good knowledge 31.2%, Only 37.2% Khmer women in interview have the right attitude about the prevention of genital under tract infection, Good Practices (565 women, accounting for 60%). In particular, Good menstrual hygiene is 93.5%, Good hygiene in sex accounts for 83.5%; Using clean water is hygienic (81.1%); toilet is standard (82.6%). There is a relationship between knowledge, attitude, practice with their family situation, age group, place of residence, education, occupation, the family economy, living with family, marital situation.
Conclusion: Need to plan and conduct communication interventions for the prevention of genital under tract infection. Focus on the factors that have been identified and related to genital under tract infection of Khmer women in local.

Key words: Genital under tract infection, Khmer women, knowledge, attitude, practice