bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Discourses in Egypt: Historical Developments of Interfaith Relations between Christians and Muslims
Authors: Kan Toby
Published: October 2023

Based on analysis through the lens of Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory, this article demonstrates how the theory is applicable to the complex situation of Christian and Muslim relations in Egypt. It argues that although the discourse of national unity remains dominant after the 2011 Egyptian Revolution, the humanist voice has become more vocal under the spirit of revolutionary fervor. Moreover, after the overthrow of the Muslim Brotherhood’s friendly regime, the religious discourse has been significantly toned down. With an emphasis on more inclusive national unity, an increasing number of Egyptians are inclined towards more fully embracing diversity in their society, paving the way for improving interfaith relations and peaceful coexistence of both faiths. In summary, from the perspective of interfaith relations, this article examines the intertwining of national discourse, religious discourse, and humanist discourse in Egyptian society.
Metacostalism
Authors: Isgrigg Daniel D.
Published: October 2023

This article will explore Carlton Pearson’s Metacostalism as an example of the continuing problem of Pentecostal heterodoxy within the Pentecostal-Charismatic Movement. These theological currents, which are often found at the margins, represent a unique growing subset of Pentecostal believers that do not fit regular Evangelical orthodoxy. In considering the future of Pentecostal theology, this article will suggest that Pentecostal heterodoxy will only grow as conventional Evangelical orthodoxy continues to face sharp criticism and deconstruction. It will suggest that Pearson’s Pentecostal heterodoxy is an example of the type of conversations that will inform the future of Pentecostal thought.
The Loíza Feast and Oral Histories
Authors: Alvelo Ricardo
Published: October 2023

The issue of violence against women is no stranger to the people of Puerto Rico, which currently has the highest per capita rate in the world of women over 14 killed by their partners. Coming from a Puerto Rican heritage, the author presents findings that can move us toward a Pentecostal Puerto Rican way to reflect theologically on this issue, (Agustina Nuñez’s Loíza feast metaphor for example), while highlighting the stories of Puerto Rican women like Rev. Leoncia Rosado Rosseau and others, whose work in Pentecostal and other church traditions have addressed violence against women. The author also presents ways Nuñez’s metaphor and these stories go along with practice of the Eucharist. These elements challenge readers to address and push back ideas that promote violence against women while contributing to the Pentecostal and global conversation on violence against women.
The Arts of the Lance and Other Mamluk Manuscripts in the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Dévényi Kinga
Published: October 2023

This article provides a description of an Arabic manuscript found among the few manuscripts from the Mamluk period that are kept at the Oriental Collection of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest. The manuscript contains a work on the arts of the lance by Ḥusām al-Dīn Lāǧīn al-Ṭarābulusī (d. 738/1338), one of the foremost experts in furūsiyya and, more particularly, on the topic of mayādīn. After giving information about the collection, including the other Mamluk manuscripts kept there, the article provides a detailed description of the work entitled Kitāb tuḥfat al-muǧāhidīn fī l-ʿamal bi-l-mayādīn.
‘Oriental Culture Nucleus’: The P. M. Suski Collection of Chinese Rare Books at the University of Southern California
Authors: Li Tang , Klein Kenneth
Published: October 2023

Dr Peter Marie Suski was born in Japan but migrated to the United States in 1898. He practiced as a physician in southern California but had a lifelong interest in the languages of East Asia and put together a valuable collection of books, which was donated to the University of Southern California in 1962.

Revealing a little-known treasure at USC, this paper traces Suski’s life and book collecting through his autobiography and correspondence, and examines the subject coverage, research value and rarity of his collection of Chinese rare books. Several rare and special editions of Chinese rare book titles are highlighted in the paper, such as a 1618 manuscript copy of Shimo Juanhua 石墨鐫華, a 1748 palace edition of Yuanjian Leihan 淵鑑類函, and an 1825 first impression of Zijian 字鑑, all of which are featured in the USC Libraries online exhibit “Eastern Culture Nucleus: Chinese Rare Books in the USC Libraries (https://scalar.usc.edu/works/chinese-rare-books/index).”
The National Scientific Imperative in Wartime China and the Complex Motivations of Individual Scientists
Authors: Greene J. Megan
Published: October 2023

Although by the 1930s both state and nonstate actors generally agreed that science was key to the development of a modern China, there was no consensus on what that meant. The Second Sino-Japanese War stimulated a shift toward applied science that framed engagement in applied scientific activities as patriotic. This way of thinking was prevalent in Nationalist institutions. Although most scientists and social scientists understood themselves to be serving the nation, they did not all share this devotion to applied science. This article examines the Nationalist wartime institutional and rhetorical framework for scientific development and the complex ways in which scientists engaged with that framework. It shows that although the Nationalist state sought to bring science and technology into the service of the state, scientists, technicians, and social scientists, though often framing their work in terms of national need, were in fact motivated by a variety of interests and concerns.
Disobedient Performance in Han Han’s “Babae Ka”
Authors: Baguisa Bennette
Published: October 2023

This article seeks to introduce readers to the artist Han Han, whose identification as a first-generation immigrant woman, nurse, and rapper highlights a unique contribution to Filipino Canadian critique of colonial and racial relations in Canada. I examine the 2019 music video for Han Han’s single, “Babae Ka,” and consider how it reimagines local, global, and transnational forms of queerness and feminist power. How does this audio-visual piece reproduce and respond to conversations around diaspora, Indigeneity, and gendered forms of labour? Moving between the sonic and the visual, I argue that Han Han enacts a critical practice of “disobedient performance” as she plays with a vernacular understanding of Philippine gender and sexuality and explores the nuances of a performative construction of femininity encompassed in the term “babae” (Tagalog for “woman”).
Collective Action, Organisation and the Struggle for an Alternative Food System: An Interview with Pocho, Union Trabajadores de la Tierra, Argentina
Authors: Atzeni Maurizio
Published: October 2023

The following is an interview with Pocho, Union Trabajadores de la Tierra (utt) activist from the Argentinean province of Chubut. The interview highlights the struggle based process of growth of the organisation, the labour centred strategy that have characterised utt, but also how workers direct economic concerns were built into an economically alternative and ecologically sustainable project. The interview put in evidence the challenges and opportunities for a social movement that accepts to play on both the front of workers’ rights and demands and that of market competition.
From Where Women Knowledge Workers Stand: the Making of an Emancipatory Standpoint during and since the Gezi Protests
Authors: Hülagü Funda
Published: October 2023

This article rethinks Gezi Protests as a sui generis women’s movement which continues to this day, albeit in a form of unorganized flow. To make this point, the article focuses on the Gezi and Post-Gezi lifeworld experiences of women knowledge workers who participated in the Protests. It is argued that the worker-citizen experiences of these women have provided them with a specific epistemic advantage, which has turned in an emancipatory standpoint during the Gezi and has been reproduced since then – despite significant setbacks. Although still lacking a corresponding feminist counter-hegemonic project, the emancipatory standpoint of the women-in-movement of Gezi Protests is not only negative and adaptive but also formative. It immanently stands for the rationalization of all forms of governance. In that regard, it represents a wish for a new public power rather than a demand for entitlement and recognition by an already existing state.
Social Innovation in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Dung-sheng , Chou Muyi
Published: October 2023

Taiwan began to systematically introduce social innovation as a tool for social reform after the 2008 financial crisis. Although most research on social innovation in Taiwan focuses on problem-solving methods based on the utilitarian perspectives of the public and private sectors, an analytical framework from the societal perspective is proposed in this article. We classify social innovation conducted by the public, private, and civil society sectors as either incremental or radical. This article seeks to provide an overview of the development of social innovation in Taiwan and to answer two main questions. First, how do Taiwan’s government and the private sector mainstream incremental social innovation, and what is its influence? Second, how does a radical approach emerge under this influence? This article illustrates how political and social contexts shape the development of social innovation and uses deliberative democracy in practice as a case study to show how radical social innovation emerges and develops.
Eye-Tracking in Physical Human–Robot Interaction: Mental Workload and Performance Prediction
Authors: Upasani Satyajit , Srinivasan Divya , Zhu Qi , Du Jing , Leonessa Alexander
Published: October 2023

Background

In Physical Human–Robot Interaction (pHRI), the need to learn the robot’s motor-control dynamics is associated with increased cognitive load. Eye-tracking metrics can help understand the dynamics of fluctuating mental workload over the course of learning.

Objective

The aim of this study was to test eye-tracking measures’ sensitivity and reliability to variations in task difficulty, as well as their performance-prediction capability, in physical human–robot collaboration tasks involving an industrial robot for object comanipulation.

Methods

Participants (9M, 9F) learned to coperform a virtual pick-and-place task with a bimanual robot over multiple trials. Joint stiffness of the robot was manipulated to increase motor-coordination demands. The psychometric properties of eye-tracking measures and their ability to predict performance was investigated.

Results

Stationary Gaze Entropy and pupil diameter were the most reliable and sensitive measures of workload associated with changes in task difficulty and learning. Increased task difficulty was more likely to result in a robot-monitoring strategy. Eye-tracking measures were able to predict the occurrence of success or failure in each trial with 70% sensitivity and 71% accuracy.

Conclusion

The sensitivity and reliability of eye-tracking measures was acceptable, although values were lower than those observed in cognitive domains. Measures of gaze behaviors indicative of visual monitoring strategies were most sensitive to task difficulty manipulations, and should be explored further for the pHRI domain where motor-control and internal-model formation will likely be strong contributors to workload.

Application

Future collaborative robots can adapt to human cognitive state and skill-level measured using eye-tracking measures of workload and visual attention.
Into the depths of the feminine: A Jungian perspective on postfeminist working life
Authors: Lambert Aliette , Ferns George
Published: October 2023

How do women reject the feminine in postfeminist working life, and to what effects? Organisational scholars have long argued that the feminine is discouraged or reconfigured in neoliberal, postfeminist organisations that value masculine-oriented traits. But what the feminine encompasses, how it is rejected and to what effects is less clear. In this article, we draw on feminist post-Jungian theory, which understands the feminine as archetypal, emerging over thousands of years of human history and characterised by paradox, circularity, being and descent. Feminist Jungian thinkers agree that the archetypal feminine is neglected, if not denigrated, in neoliberal, capitalist cultures, much to our detriment. Reflecting on data from a qualitative, longitudinal study on early career formation and work experiences with 15 young women, we reflexively discuss how in postfeminist working life, disavowing the archetypal feminine manifests by: adhering to ascensionist ideals to the detriment of slowness and inactivity; engaging linear thinking to the detriment of cyclical, paradoxical being; and avowing rational objectivity to the detriment of embodied instinct. This engenders both collusion with postfeminist power structures and psychic effects such as dis-ease and anxiety, which we argue can be ameliorated by recognising and embracing the archetypal feminine within.
Effect of fabric properties on the laundry movement, mechanical action, and motor current of front-loading washers
Authors: Song Eugene , Kim Mingyeong , Chang Seokhee , Choi Heewon , Lim Siyeon , Kim Sungmin , Kim Jooyoun
Published: October 2023

Laundering is essential for maintaining personal hygiene but can lead to fabric damage, such as color fading and fiber loss, caused by frequent and excessive mechanical action. Front-loading washers utilize mechanical force such as falling, rotating, and sliding to remove soil from textiles, where fabric properties influence these movements, resulting in varied mechanical actions depending on fabric type. Herein, the relationship between fabric properties and movement pertaining to mechanical action was analyzed, focusing on correlated fabric movements and motor torque current parameters. The results demonstrate that fabric properties, such as wet friction, moisture regain, thickness, and stiffness, significantly influence fabric movement in laundering. Moisture regain was associated with fabric movement, causing hydrophilic fabrics to undergo concentrated and repeated movements, resulting in higher rates of thread removal. In addition, heavier, thicker, and stiffer fabrics displayed dynamic changes in fabric shape, contributing to increased Poka-Dot removal. The motor current data required for rotating the drum was analyzed in association with the fabric properties. Using the current parameters as internal nodes of a decision tree model, fabric types were successfully classified. The results imply that the real-time current data and laundry movement information can be utilized for optimizing washing technologies for different fabric types, ultimately maximizing washing efficiency and minimizing fabric damage.
Development of an In Vitro Sensitisation Test Using a Coculture System of Human Bronchial Epithelium and Immune Cells
Authors: Tanabe Ikuya , Yoshida Kunitaka , Ishikawa Shinkichi , Ishimori Kanae , Hashizume Tsuneo , Yoshimoto Takayuki , Ashikaga Takao
Published: October 2023

Chemical respiratory sensitisation is a serious health problem. However, to date, there are no validated test methods available for identifying respiratory sensitisers. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro sensitisation test by modifying the human cell line activation test (h-CLAT) to detect respiratory sensitisers and distinguish them from skin sensitisers. THP-1 cells were exposed to the test chemicals (two skin sensitisers and six respiratory sensitisers), either as monocultures or as cocultures with air–liquid interface-cultured reconstructed human bronchial epithelium. The responses were analysed by measuring the expression levels of surface markers on THP-1 cells (CD86, CD54 and OX40L) and the concentrations of cytokines in the culture media (interleukin (IL)-8, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)). The cocultures exhibited increased CD54 expression on THP-1 cells; moreover, in the cocultures but not in the monocultures, exposure to two uronium salts (i.e. respiratory sensitisers) increased CD54 expression on THP-1 cells to levels above the criteria for a positive h-CLAT result. Additionally, exposure to the respiratory sensitiser abietic acid, significantly increased IL-8 concentration in the culture medium, but only in the cocultures. Although further optimisation of the method is needed to distinguish respiratory from skin sensitisers by using these potential markers (OX40L, IL-33 and TSLP), the coculture of THP-1 cells with bronchial epithelial cells offers a potentially useful approach for the detection of respiratory sensitisers.
Italian Physicians at the Habsburg Courts (1550–1620): Hiring Processes, Professional Networks and Integration into the Court Space
Authors: Quaranta Alessandra
Published: October 2023

In the second half of the sixteenth century, many Italian learned physicians moved to the Habsburg courts, entering the service of the imperial family. This paper traces their professional itineraries, identifying the decisive socio-cultural factors which influenced their hiring at court. Most of the Italian physicians achieved significant advancements, enhanced their social status, and obtained economic privileges. In this context, they proved their professional versatility, carrying out non-medical tasks as well as providing medical services. However, pursuing a long-term career depended not only on a large spectrum of unpredictable factors – the Emperor's will, the economic means at his disposal, and the need of the imperial family for health assistance – but also on the physicians’ ability to earn the Emperor's favour and that of his entourage. Based on a comparison between Italian and non-Italian court and imperial physicians in terms of recruitment, tasks, remuneration, privileges, and duration of career, this article also tries to understand to what extent Italian physicians integrated into the Habsburg courts and what legacy they left there.
Effect of glycopyrrolate on the postoperative urine output of patients following kidney transplantation: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Koo Bon Sung , Park Sun Young , Jang Youn Sil , Woo Young Hoon , Song Sanghoon , Yoo Jae Hwa , Kim Mun Gyu , Chung Ji Won , Kim Sang Ho , Cho Ho Bum
Published: October 2023

Objectives

To compare the urine output and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of patients postoperatively administered sugammadex or glycopyrrolate 7 days following kidney transplantation (KT).

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 134 consecutive patients who underwent KT under general anesthesia. Their urine output and eGFR were recorded every 24 hours between postoperative day (POD) 1 and 7. We used regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between the reversal agent administered and the outcomes of the participants.

Results

The urine output and eGFR of the participants did not differ between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio (OR) 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.40), diabetes mellitus (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.07–9.16), neurovascular disease (OR 7.00; 95% CI 1.61–30.42), and the duration of surgery (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.00–1.01) were associated with lower urine output on POD 7. In addition, only BMI (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.09–1.42) was associated with low eGFR on POD 7.

Conclusions

The urine output and eGFR of patients administered sugammadex or glycopyrrolate following KT did not differ 7 days later. Moreover, glycopyrrolate does not affect urine output or eGFR on POD 7, according to multivariate regression analysis.
Learning emotional dialects: A British population study of cross-cultural communication
Authors: Tsikandilakis Myron , Bali Persefoni , Lanfranco Renzo C. , Kausel Leonie , Yu Zhaoliang , Boncompte Gonzalo , Karlis Alexandros-Konstantinos , Alshammari Alkadi , Li Ruiyi , Milbank Alison , Burdett Michael , Mével Pierre-Alexis , Madan Christopher , Derrfuss Jan
Published: October 2023

The aim of the current research was to explore whether we can improve the recognition of cross-cultural freely-expressed emotional faces in British participants. We tested several methods for improving the recognition of freely-expressed emotional faces, such as different methods for presenting other-culture expressions of emotion from individuals from Chile, New Zealand and Singapore in two experimental stages. In the first experimental stage, in phase one, participants were asked to identify the emotion of cross-cultural freely-expressed faces. In the second phase, different cohorts were presented with interactive side-by-side, back-to-back and dynamic morphing of cross-cultural freely-expressed emotional faces, and control conditions. In the final phase, we repeated phase one using novel stimuli. We found that all non-control conditions led to recognition improvements. Morphing was the most effective condition for improving the recognition of cross-cultural emotional faces. In the second experimental stage, we presented morphing to different cohorts including own-to-other and other-to-own freely-expressed cross-cultural emotional faces and neutral-to-emotional and emotional-to-neutral other-culture freely-expressed emotional faces. All conditions led to recognition improvements and the presentation of freely-expressed own-to-other cultural-emotional faces provided the most effective learning. These findings suggest that training can improve the recognition of cross-cultural freely-expressed emotional expressions.
Gender Microaggressions That Target Women in the U.S. Military: Examining Links with Depression and the Moderating Role of Rank and Coping
Authors: Kim Yeeun , Dimberg Sierra K. , Spanierman Lisa B. , Clark D. Anthony
Published: October 2023

In this study, we examined active-duty women's experiences with gender microaggressions in the U.S. military and their associations with depressive symptoms. We also tested if rank and coping strategies would moderate the link between gender microaggressions and depressive symptoms. Participants comprised 682 self-identified women from the U.S. Air Force, Army, and Navy. Results from an online survey indicated that active-duty women's experiences with gender microaggressions were positively and significantly associated with their scores on a measure of depressive symptoms. Military rank moderated this association but coping strategies did not. Specifically, among those in lower military ranks (i.e., enlisted service members) we found a stronger association between gender microaggressions and depressive symptoms, whereas higher rank (i.e., officers) served as a buffer. Our results suggest that clinicians should be aware of the potential effects of gender microaggressions on active-duty women's mental health, especially among enlisted women. Commanding officers and military policymakers should consider potential implications of gender microaggressions on unit cohesion, unit performance, and mission effectiveness.
Legacies of Legibility: Genealogical Story-Telling as an Echo of State Power
Authors: Williams Dana M.
Published: October 2023

Genealogy necessitates historical records, the majority of which derive from government sources, despite families’ “private” lives. State records weren’t intended to service future family historians, but were a means to state-formation and power. Consequently, records used by family historians reflect statist concerns, not state subjects’. Genealogy databases and censuses were analyzed to determine how many derive from state sources. An individual, anecdotal example focused upon a US Census record illuminates genealogical insight and misunderstanding; despite relevance, interpretation problems confront family historians. Genealogical research is limited by modernity's governmentality and the state gaze, impacts generally under-acknowledged by the average family historian.
Wrist Guards/Supports in Gymnastics: Are They Helping or Hurting You?
Authors: Hart Elspeth , Whited Amy , Bae Donald S. , Bauer Andrea S. , Sugimoto Dai
Published: October 2023

Background:

The prevalence of wrist pain among gymnasts ranges from 46% to 79%. To alleviate wrist pain, gymnasts wear wrist guards/supports (WG/S).

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of WG/S on the wrist joint through joint moment, angles, total joint range of motion (ROM) arc, and ground-reaction force (GRF).

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate 23 female gymnasts (mean ± SD: age, 12.3 ± 1.5 years; height, 143.4 ± 7.6 cm; mass, 37.7 ± 6.6 kg; body mass index, 18.6 ± 2.9) who performed back handsprings (analyzed by first half [phase 1] and second half [phase 2]) with the following 3 conditions: no WG/S, Skids/Ultimate Wrist Supports (S/UWS), and Tiger Paws (TP). Wrist joint moments, angles, total ROM arc, and GRF were examined by the 3 conditions using analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction and effect size (Cohen d).

Results:

For mean wrist flexion moment, both S/UWS and TP showed significantly higher values than the no-WG/S condition in landing phase 1 (S/UWS: P = .001, d = 1.30; TP: P = .019, d = 0.87). In angle comparisons in landing phase 1, no WG/S showed greater mean wrist extension angles compared with S/UWS ( P = .046; d = 0.80), but no significant differences with TP ( P = .096; d = 0.65). Also, in landing phase 1, total ROM arc of the right wrist was greater in the no-WG/S condition compared with S/UWS ( P = .018; d = 0.88), but there were no differences with TP ( P = .400; d = 0.52).

Conclusion:

These data show an increased wrist flexion moment using S/UWS and TP compared with the no-WG/S condition in landing phase 1 of back handsprings. Also, increased wrist extension angles and total arc ROM of the right wrist were found in the no-WG/S condition compared with S/UWS, but not with TP in landing phase 1. S/UWS may be helpful to reduce wrist joint angles, specifically wrist extension in landing phase 1, but both S/UWS and TP caused higher wrist flexion joint moment in landing phase 1. There were no differences found in GFG among the three variables.

Clinical Relevance:

In the first half of the back handspring, wrist guards can limit wrist extension joint angles and total arc ROM; however, an increased wrist flexion moment was found when wrist guards were worn, which may potentially lead to an increased risk of injury. Injury history, especially overuse signs/symptoms, and previous surgery on the wrist joint need to be well considered before the application or use of wrist guards. Also, the amount of time/exposure wearing wrist guards should be carefully controlled in young female gymnasts.
Utility of a Clinical Prediction Tool for Persisting Postconcussive Symptoms in a Multicenter Sample of Youth Athletes With Concussion: The Sport Concussion Outcomes in Pediatrics (SCOPE) Study
Authors: Miller Shane M. , Valovich McLeod Tamara C. , Zaslow Tracy L. , Wilson Julie C. , Master Christina L. , Snedden Traci R. , Halstead Mark E. , Grady Matthew F. , Fazekas Matthew L. , Santana Jonathan A. , Coel Rachel A. , Howell David R.
Published: October 2023

Background:

A validated clinical risk tool has been developed to identify pediatric and adolescent patients at risk of developing persisting symptoms after concussion, but has not been prospectively investigated within a sample of athletes seen after concussion by primary care sports medicine physicians and/or athletic trainers.

Purpose:

To determine whether a validated clinical risk prediction tool for persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCSs) predicted which patients would develop PPCSs when obtained within 14 days of concussion among a multicenter sample of adolescent athletes.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Pediatric and adolescent patients (8-18 years of age) from 7 pediatric medical centers and 6 secondary school athletic training facilities who were diagnosed with a concussion and presented ≤14 days after concussion were enrolled as part of the Sport Concussion Outcomes in Pediatrics (SCOPE) study during their initial visit and were followed until symptom resolution. Clinical risk scores (Predicting and Preventing Post-concussive Problems in Pediatrics [5P]) and total symptom severity were obtained using the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory at the initial visit (mean, 4.9 ± 2.9 days after concussion). Participants were then compared based on symptom resolution time: PPCS group (≥28 days to symptom resolution) and no-PPCS group (<28 days). The authors assessed the odds of developing PPCSs based on the 5P risk score using a binary logistic regression model and the utility of the clinical risk prediction tool to identify total time to symptom resolution using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:

A total of 184 participants enrolled, underwent initial evaluation, and were followed until symptom resolution (mean age, 15.2 ± 2.1 years; 35% female). The mean time to symptom resolution across the entire sample was 17.6 ± 3.7 days; 16% (n = 30) of participants developed PPCS. Those in the PPCS group had significantly greater mean initial total 5P risk scores than those in the no-PPCS group (7.9 ± 1.7 vs 5.9 ± 2.3, respectively; P < .001). After adjustment for initial symptom severity, time to assessment, and assessment setting, a higher initial total 5P risk score was associated with a significantly greater odds of developing PPCSs (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.07-2.08; P = .019). Furthermore, a higher 5P risk score was significantly associated with longer total symptom resolution time (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.74-0.88; P < .001).

Conclusion:

In a multicenter sample of youth athletes seen in different outpatient health care settings, the 5P risk score accurately predicted which athletes may be at risk for developing PPCSs.
Comparison of Compassion Fatigue, Burnout and Compassion Satisfaction of Oncology-Hematology & Dialysis Nurses
Authors: Pehlivan Saribudak Tuğba , Aydın Zehra
Published: October 2023

Background: It is known that health professionals who work with chronic patients for a long time are at risk in terms of compassion fatigue and burnout. Purpose: The study aims to compare the levels of compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction of nurses working on oncology-hematology and dialysis and determine the predictors. Methods: This study was carried out using descriptive and correlational research design. The research was conducted with 278 nurses. Participants were enrolled using a convenience sampling technique from the oncology–hematology inpatient services, outpatient chemotherapy units, and bone marrow transplant units and dialysis nurses of purposively selected hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. Personal information form and Professional Quality of Life-IV. Potential predictors were analyzed using univariate analysis. We conducted multiple stepwise linear regression analyses to reveal the outcome variables. Results: A sub-analysis comparing the dialysis specialty with the oncology-hematology revealed that dialysis nurses report significantly higher compassion fatigue scores than oncology nurses. Working willingly in the current unit and the level of received social support were determined as predictors for all outcome variables. Conclusions: This is the first study comparing compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction levels of oncology-hematology and dialysis nurses. This study indicates the need for nurse managers to be aware of compassion fatigue and plan compassion fatigue prevention programs. In addition, this study guides the interventional studies to be conducted in the future.
Debunking the Production Predicaments among the Motor and Pump Exporters in the Coimbatore Region: Upside-down Approach of O-L-I Framework
Authors: Negi Raghuveer , Muthusamy A. , Nomani Abuzar , Geeta Shetty Deepa Thangam
Published: October 2023

We explore the unplumbed dimension of the O-L-I specific advantage of the firm in this research by shifting the focus from the entry mode of MNEs to problems faced by home-based manufacturer exporters, which is unique from its original concept. The proposed approach transposes the idea and implication of the eclectic paradigm in an international trade setting. To test the upside-down approach of the O-L-I framework, various challenges were identified through EFA and CFA, and in the final phase, the impact of ownership, location and internalization has been measured (using path analysis) on production problems faced by these manufacturer exporters. We used a structured questionnaire to collect the data from 220 motors and pump manufacturer exporters from January to September 2021. Moreover, the Coimbatore city wears the crown of ‘Pump City of Asia’, which makes the spot an ideal place for generalization of research and optimization of desired results. The research outcome illustrates the significant impact of location and internalization on the production problems encountered by the manufacturer exporters. The novelty of the study is substantiated by extending the application of O-L-I specific advantage for FDI to home-based exports, which we labelled as the ‘up-side-down approach’ of the O-L-I framework.
Public support for athlete activism in Germany: A survey experiment
Authors: Müller Swantje , Meier Henk Erik , Gerke Markus , Mutz Michael
Published: October 2023

Professional athletes increasingly use their popularity to speak out about political topics off and on the field. However, only few studies explore how audiences react to political speech in elite sports. Existing research has tended to focus on very few high-profile cases, usually in the United States, such as Colin Kaepernick's anthem protest. Going beyond single cases, this paper investigates factors that systematically influence public support for elite athletes’ political activism. We integrated a vignette experiment into a survey of the German population ( N = 1002). Using multi-level regression models, we analyze how public support for athlete's political acts varies with political topics, the specific political action carried out as well as the local reference of the issue in question. Moreover, we also compare the level of public support for political actions between athletes and non-athlete celebrities. Findings indicate that support is subject to conditions: Athletes receive more support when their critique refers to political topics abroad (as opposed to domestic topics) and when non-disruptive actions are chosen, for example, expressions of opinion instead of boycotts. The specific message has the strongest influence on support: actions and statements that express a progressive political claim for stricter environmental protection receive more support compared to a rather conservative claim for border security. Findings add to the state of knowledge by showing which forms of political activism meet with broad acceptance and which are likely to polarize audiences.
‘Male, violent and dangerous’: The gender prejudices in rugby from the perception of current and former athletes of the Brazil women's rugby 7's national team
Authors: de Moura Giovanna Xavier , Pike Elizabeth , Malagutti João Paulo Melleiro , Starepravo Fernando Augusto
Published: October 2023

Rugby is considered by many to be the antithesis of femininity because, since its creation, it has been a way for men to prove their masculinity. For this reason, the trajectory of women who practice it can be permeated with prejudices. The aim of this article is to advance the conceptual understanding of gender prejudice, stereotypes and discrimination, through an evaluation of the sports trajectory of cis women rugby players in Brazil. Ten female athletes, who are current or former athletes of the Brazil women's rugby 7's national team, were interviewed. They identified gender prejudice in relation to: (1) playing a sport considered masculine in which women should not take part; (2) being considered not to be able to practice it; (3) having bodies which do not fit the requirements of the ideal female body; (4) playing a violent sport; (5) trying to highlight attributes of femininity in publicity and press coverage. We conclude that, in the sport of rugby in Brazil, women are treated unfairly, with unequal salaries and limited opportunities. Moreover, they suffer prejudice and social pressure where they need to constantly reaffirm their sexuality, their femininity and their technical competence to play rugby.
Influence of immigrant background on the outcome of total hip arthroplasty: better outcome in 280 native patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina than in 449 immigrants living in Sweden
Authors: Krupic Ferid , Manojlovic Slavko , Custovic Svemir , Fazlic Mirsad , Sadic Sahmir , Kärrholm Johan
Published: October 2023

Background:

Despite the overall success of THA, between 5 and 20% report unsatisfactory results. Several factors may cause this variable outcome. 1 of them might be ethnicity which, because of its potential social impact on living conditions, may influence quality of life too. It should be studied whether patients born and being operated in their home country Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) had similar results as immigrants being operated in Sweden (IS).

Methods:

Data of 280 patients were collected prospectively from questionnaires in the BH group. Patients of the IS group were eligible if both of their parents were born outside the Nordic countries, not having Swedish as their native language. Data were gained from the Swedish Arthroplasty Registry (SAR), 449 patients were included. Outcomes were pain VAS, satisfaction VAS, EQ-VAS, and the EQ-5D. Logistic and linear regression models including age, sex, diagnosis, type of fixation, surgical incision, marital status and educational level were analysed to compare those 2 groups.

Results:

There were considerable differences in patient demographics between the 2 groups. Before the operation, patients in the BH group reported more problems with self-care and usual activities, even after adjustment for confounding factors ( p  < 0.0005). Patients in the IS group reported a higher EQ-VAS and more pain VAS ( p  < 0.0005), the difference in the EQ-VAS was not significant after adjustment for confounding factors ( p = 0.41). After 1 year patients in the BH group reported better scores in all dimensions of the EQ-5D ( p ⩽ 0.005) apart from self-care. After adjustment for confounding factors, patients in the BH group were more satisfied too ( p  < 0.0005).

Conclusions:

Immigrated patients (IS group) seemed to experience less benefit from THA 1 year after the operation despite more symptoms preoperatively. There were considerable limitations affecting the results. Nevertheless, the data are a point of concern, and it is suggested to take more multidimensional care of immigrant patients.
Effect of operative time in outcomes following surgical fixation of hip fractures: a multivariable regression analysis of 35,710 patients
Authors: Ibaseta Alvaro , Emara Ahmed , Rullán Pedro J , Santana Daniel C , Ng Mitchell K , Grits Daniel , Krebs Viktor E , Molloy Robert M , Piuzzi Nicolas S
Published: October 2023

Background:

Prolonged operative time is a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of hip fractures. However, the quantitative nature of such association, including graduated risk levels, has yet to be described. This study outlines the graduated associations between operative time and (1) healthcare utilisation, and (2) 30-day complications after ORIF of hip fractures.

Methods:

The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried (January 2016–December 2019) for all patients who underwent ORIF of hip fractures ( n = 35,710). Demographics, operative time, fracture type, and comorbidities were recorded. Outcomes included healthcare utilisation (e.g., prolonged length of stay [LOS>2 days], discharge disposition, 30-day readmission, and reoperation), inability to weight-bear (ITWB) on postoperative day-1 (POD-1), and any 30-day complication. Adjusted multivariate regression models evaluated associations between operative time and measured outcomes.

Results:

Operative time <40 minutes was associated with lower odds of prolonged LOS (odds ratio [OR] 0.77), non-home discharge (OR 0.85), 30-day readmission (OR 0.85), and reoperation (OR 0.72). Operative time ⩾80 minutes was associated with higher odds of ITWB on POD-1 (OR 1.17). Operative time ⩾200 minutes was associated with higher odds of deep infection (OR 7.5) and wound complications (OR 3.2). The odds of blood transfusions were higher in cases ⩾60 minutes (OR1.3) and 5-fold in cases ⩾200 minutes (OR 5.4). The odds of venous thromboembolic complications were highest in the ⩾200-minute operative time category (OR 2.5). Operative time was not associated with mechanical ventilation, pneumonia, delirium, sepsis, urinary tract infection, or 30-day mortality.

Discussion:

Increasing operative time is associated with a progressive increase in the odds of adverse outcomes following hip fracture ORIF. While a direct cause-effect relationship cannot be established, an operative time of <60 minutes could be protective. Perioperative interventions that shorten operative time without compromising fracture reduction or fixation should be considered.
Taguchi Parametric Optimization and Cost Analysis of Hexavalent Chromium Sequestration From Aqueous Solution by NaOH-Modified Garcinia kola Hull Particles
Authors: Popoola Lekan Taofeek
Published: October 2023

The presence of chromium in industrial wastewater is unavoidable due to its large usage as part of chemical constituents used in many industries. Its removal from wastewater is imperative because it’s toxic in nature. This study investigated the application of NaOH-modified Garcinia kola hull particles (cMGK-HP) for Cr(VI) sequestration from aqueous solution. The optimization of process parameters was executed using Taguchi of Design Expert software for optimum point prediction, analysis of variance, parameters interaction and mathematical model development. A proposed model was used for the adsorption cost analysis. The predicted and experimental percentage of Cr(VI) sequestration were recorded at optimum point to be 99.02% and 98.76% with pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature of 2, 8 g/L, 20 minutes, 10 mg/L, and 20°C respectively. A correlation coefficient of .9937 between experimental and predicted values of percentage Cr(VI) sequestration affirmed high efficacy of the developed model. ANOVA showed the order of parameter contribution to be pH > adsorbent dose > initial concentration > contact time > temperature. A maximum adsorption capacity of 217.39 mg g−1 was obtained for cMGK-HP. Cost analysis revealed using cMGK-HP to be cost effective for Cr(VI) sequestration with a total operational cost of 0.824 $/mole Cr(VI) ions when compared with commercial activated carbon. Adsorbent characterization revealed the presence of active functional groups enhancing the sequestration process. It could be deduced that cMGK-HP is effective to remove Cr(VI) from solution.
Intelligent proportional-integral-derivate controller using metaheuristic approach via crow search algorithm for vibration suppression of flexible plate structure
Authors: Syafiqah Shaari Aida Nur , Hadi Muhamad Sukri , Abdul Wahab Abdul Malek , Ab Talib Mat Hussin , Yatim Hanim Mohd , Mat Darus Intan Zaurah , Tokhi M Osman
Published: October 2023

Proportional-integral-derivate (PID) controller has gained popularity since the advancement of smart devices especially in suppressing the vibration on flexible structures using different approaches. Such structures required accurate and reliable responses to prevent system failures. Swarm intelligence algorithm (SIA) is one of the optimization methods based on nature that managed to solve real-world problems. Crow search is a well-known algorithm from the SIA group that can discover optimum solutions in both local and global searches by utilizing fewer tuning parameters compared to other methods. Hence, this study aimed to simulate a PID controller tuned by SIA via crow search for vibration cancellation of horizontal flexible plate structures. Prior to that, an accurate model structure is developed as a prerequisite for PID controller development. After the best model is achieved, the proportional-integral-derivative-crow-search (PID-CS) performance was compared to a traditional tuning approach known as the Ziegler Nichols (ZN) to validate its robustness. The result revealed the PID-CS outperformed the proportional-integral-derivative-Ziegler Nichols (PID-ZN) with attenuation values of 44.75 and 42.74 dB in the first mode of vibration for single sinusoidal and real disturbances, respectively. In addition, the value of mean squared error (MSE) for PID-ZN and PID-CS for single sinusoidal disturbance are 0.0167 and 0.0081, respectively. Meanwhile, PID-ZN and PID-CS achieved 2.3981 × 10−4 and 2.3737 × 10−4 when they were exerted with real disturbance. This proves that the PID-CS is more accurate compared to the PID-ZN as it achieved the lowest MSE value.
Older People’s Contribution to Development Through Carework: The Role of Childcare by Grandparents in Migration and Development
Authors: Vullnetari Julie
Published: October 2023

This article applies a generational lens to understanding the role of older people in development, focusing primarily on older parents who stay in areas of origin while their adult children emigrate. An emerging body of literature from around the world demonstrates that older parents frequently provide childcare for their migrant family members, mainly in the country of origin, and sometimes through migrating themselves. This article goes further. It makes the conceptual argument that this carework should be regarded as development work. Drawing on research into Albanian families, located in Albania and Greece, the article asks how does carework by older people contribute to development and what are the relations of power around this? The analysis shows that grandparents provide significant support particularly for childcare but also for social reproduction and critically for building and maintaining productive assets and safety nets for migrants in their home country. In short, grandparent carers are the lynchpins in complex intergenerational strategies of migration and livelihood development. The analysis contributes to the literature on migration and development by bringing older people from the margins to the centre of these debates. Older people’s childcare, together with other productive and reproductive activities that they undertake for migrant children in countries of origin, is central to invisibilized ‘economies of care’ that underpin migration’s contribution to development. Moreover, this carework by older people contributes to development in home and host countries, thus bridging the Global South–Global North divide. Finally, older people’s carework is gendered, with older women doing the vast majority. Taken together, these insights disrupt two dominant (economistic and Eurocentric) narratives that: (a) development in migration contexts only happens in the Global South and (b) the most significant drivers of this development are migrants’ social and financial remittances from the Global North.