bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repatriasi Warga Negara Indonesia Eks-ISIS: Antara Keamanan Negara dan Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Baiquni Muhammad Iqbal , Rosida Heni , Nadiyya Ahsana
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) tidak hanya mengancam Indonesia, melainkan sudah menjadi masalah bagi dunia. Ketika ISIS mengalami kekalahan, dunia mulai membicarakan bagaimana nasib para militan ISIS dan anggota keluarganya yang pernah bergabung di dalamnya. Mulai dari status kewarganegaraanya, hak-hak fundamental yang masih melekat, hingga bahaya dan ancaman  apa yang ditimbulkan jika mereka dipulangkan ke negara asal. Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebijakan apa yang seharusnya diambil pemerintah dengan mempertimbangkan aspek hukum dan situasi yang ditimbulkan khususnya jika Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) eks-ISIS dipulangkan ke Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa yuridis-normatif, adapun data-data di dalamnya diperoleh dari berbagai sumber baik cetak maupun online. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pemulangan WNI eks-ISIS dapat menimbulkan potensi ancaman masalah dalam segi keamanan negara. Sementara dalam konteks hak asasi manusia negara juga memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menghargai, melindungi, dan memenuhi hak setiap manusia. Tulisan ini mengajukan bagaimana solusi alternatif agar kepentingan kedaulatan dan hak asasi manusia dapat berjalan dengan beriringan.
Kata kunci : Hak asasi manusia; ISIS; Keamanan
Abstract
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) does not only threaten Indonesia, but has become a problem for the world. When ISIS suffered defeat, the world began to talk about the fate of ISIS militants and their family members who had joined it. Starting from their citizenship status, the inherent fundamental rights, to the dangers and threats caused if they are returned to their country of origin. The purpose of this research is to find out what policies the government should take by considering the legal aspects and the situation that arises, especially if ex-ISIS Indonesians are returned to Indonesia. The method used in this research is juridical-normative, while the data in it are obtained from various sources, both print and online. This research confirms that the repatriation of ex-ISIS Indonesians can pose a potential threat to problems in terms of state security. Meanwhile, in the context of human rights, the state also has the responsibility to respect, protect and fulfill the rights of every human being. This paper proposes alternative solutions so that the interests of sovereignty and human rights can go hand in hand.
Keywords: Human rights; ISIS; Security
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA KEALPAAN PENGENDARA BERMOTOR YANG MENYEBABKAN MATINYA ORANG DALAM KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS
Authors: Maryani Maryani , Pranawa Burham , Wiedhar Saputri Ananda Megha
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze and find out how the basic application of the law against criminal acts of negligence of motorists that cause death of people (Case Study of the Decision in Boyolali District Court Number: 9 / Pid.Sus / 2019 / PN BYL) and to find out how considerations in sentencing for the defendant in the crime of negligence which caused the death of a person (Case Study of the Decision in Boyolali District Court Number: 9 / Pid.Sus / 2019 / BYL PN). This study is a study of legal materials and an empirical approach, which is an approach that is carried out through gathering information about what is happening in practice and to those who are considered to know issues relating to public information disclosure. Based on the results of research on motor vehicle traffic accident cases causing the death of this person generally occurs accidentally, here there are only elements of negligence or negligence, however the perpetrator must continue to account for his actions before the law, let alone cause another person to die, which should be punished according to his actions.
 

Abstrak

             Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui bagaimana dasar penerapan hukum terhadap tindak pidana kealpaan pengendara bermotor yang menyebabkan matinya orang (Studi Kasus Putusan di Pengadilan Negeri Boyolali Nomor: 9/Pid.Sus/2019/PN BYL) dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertimbangan dalam menjatuhkan hukuman untuk terdakwa dalam tindak pidana kealpaan yang menyebabkan matinya orang (Studi Kasus Putusan di Pengadilan Negeri Boyolali Nomor : 9/Pid.Sus/2019/PN BYL). Penelitian ini sebagai pengkajian terhadap bahan-bahan hukum dan penelitian empiris yaitu pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui pengumpulan informasi tentang yang terjadi pada prakteknya dan terhadap pihak-pihak yang dianggap mengetahui masalah yang berhubungan dengan keterbukaan informasi publik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perkara kecelakaan lalu lintas pengendara bermotor yang menyebabkan matinya orang ini umumnya terjadi tanpa kesengajaan, di sini yang ada hanya unsur kealpaan atau kelalaian, meskipun demikian pelaku harus tetap mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatannya di depan hukum, apalagi mengakibatkan orang lain meninggal dunia, yang semestinya dijatuhi hukuman sesuai perbuatannya.
Pelaksanaan Gugatan Sederhana di Pengadilan Negeri dalam Perspektif Kepastian Hukum
Authors: Nurcahyani Sri
Published: May 2024

Simple lawsuits in Indonesia are used formally in the Supreme Court Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2015 concerning Procedures for Settlement of Simple Claims (PERMA Number 4 of 2019), which is a provision of Article 1 point 1. A simple lawsuit is defined as a settlement procedure in civil cases with certain conditions and limitations that aim to simplify the process of examining cases before a court of law so that the settlement is faster and is specifically applied to contract disputes (default/default) and claims for losses due to unlawful acts. . The general principle in settling a case in court is as explained in Article 2 paragraph (4) of Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power which requires that trials be carried out simply, quickly and at low cost. This study aims to find out about the implementation of simple lawsuits in the District Court from the perspective of legal certainty. The research method used is descriptive analysis with a normative juridical approach. The sources of data used in this research are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. All data obtained and collected is then used and understood the truth that has been obtained from research results to look for relationships between one another
Analisis Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi Terafiliasi dalam UU Jasa Konstruksi dan UU Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat
Authors: Febrianto Ika
Published: May 2024

The economy of a country is closely related to economic transactions carried out by actors, namely producers, sellers and buyers. Such conditions increase the value of efficiency and reduce government costs due to community participation. This is in accordance with the objectives of Law number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition and Law number 2 of 2017 concerning Construction Services. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the compatibility between Article 44 of the Construction Services Law and Article 22 of the Antimonopoly and Unfair Business Competition Law and the position of affiliated construction companies in tenders for government procurement of goods and services using the rule of reason and per se illegal approach. The research method in this journal is normative juridical, library research and comparative study. So it can be concluded that article 44 of the Construction Services Law prohibits affiliation between service users and service providers (collutive vertical) with an illegal per se approach while article 22 of the Antimonopoly and Unfair Business Competition Law prohibits affiliation with a rule of reason approach. The method of inviting or directly appointing a service provider can create an affiliation relationship between the user and the service provider which can be interpreted as a form of nepotism.
All parties involved in the process of procuring goods and/or services by the government must follow the principles of fair business competition.
Lethal Autonomous Weapons System Dilihat Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional
Authors: Sholikah Dwi Imroatus
Published: May 2024

Hukum Internasional di dunia melibatkan sebagian besar perjanjian Internasional sebagai suatu langkah untuk membatasi pelanggaran yang terjadi. Dimana baru-baru ini muncul senjata baru yang bersifat otonom. Dimana senjata ini bisa memilih dan membidik sasaran tanpa campur tangan manusia. Senjata tersebut adalah Lethal Autonomous Weapon System yang sekalinya diaktifkan tidak dapat mentoliler apapun itu yang akan diserang, baik itu kombatan ataupun non kombatan bahkan akan menyerang diamanapun tempatnya tanpa melihat situasi.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana legalitas Lethal Autonomous Weapon System dilihat dari Humaniter Internasional. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif analisis data deskriptif. Mekanisme dari senjata yaitu untuk pertahanan ketika perang bukan untuk menjadi ajang kehancuran yang tidak perlu dan bahkan menimbulkan korban penduduk sipil. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa perlu adanya aturan hukum yang membatasi ataupun untuk melarang senjata ini beroperasi. Dapat dipahami bahwa Lethal Autonomous Weapon System masih sangat jauh untuk memenuhi prinsip-prinsip Hukum Humaniter Internasional, dan tidak mungkin senjata ini akan legal jika dalam pengoperasian nya saja tidak ada campur tangan manusia.
Pemaksaan Pernikahan Korban Pemerkosaan Dengan Pelaku Ditinjau Dari Hukum Positif Indonesia
Authors: Rizka Rizka , Prasetyo Achmad Dzaki
Published: May 2024

Rape is a despicable act that violates the dignity of a woman. Not only women, even children are often victims of these barbaric acts. And not a few of these legal problems are considered over by marrying the victim to the perpetrator. This research has a goal that focuses on examining and analyzing the legal arrangements that apply in Indonesia to the forced marriage of victims and legal protection efforts and the impact that occurs to victims if married to the perpetrator of rape. The research method used is normative juridical by processing primary, secondary, and tertiary data which are all related to the topic raised. The results of the discussion of this research are based on article 10 paragraph (1) and (2) of Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence, forcing the victim's marriage to the perpetrator is coercion of rape and is punishable by 9 (nine) years imprisonment and / or a fine of Rp. 200,000,000 (two hundred million rupiah).
Digital Forensik Sebagai Alat Bukti Terhadap ODGJ (Orang Dalam Gangguan Jiwa) Untuk Menentukan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana
Authors: Pranawa Burham
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Determining criminal responsibility for perpetrators of criminal acts who are mentally ill is one of the duties of a judge in court because the conditions for punishing a person include being convinced that they fulfill the requirements to prove that they are guilty of committing a criminal act and that the perpetrator is declared capable of taking responsibility as stipulated in Article 6 (1) of Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power, an examination process is carried out by a mental doctor or psychiatrist. The development of information technology has had an impact on the examination process so that digital forensics is needed to prove whether or not criminal perpetrators who experience mental disorders are declared capable of responsibility. The aim of this research is to answer the role of digital forensics in conducting examinations of ODGJ and digital forensics as evidence for ODGJ to determine criminal responsibility. The research method used is a normative juridical approach, with descriptive research type, secondary data sources, data collection methods using library studies, normative qualitative data analysis methods with deductive conclusions drawn..
Abstrak
Penentuan pertanggung jawaban pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana orang dalam gangguan jiwa merukan salah satu tugas hakim di pengadilan karena syarat menghukum seseorang diantaranya keyakinan memenuhi syarat pembuktian telah bersalah melakukan tindak pidana dan pelaku dinyatakan mampu bertanggung jawab sebagaimana Ketentuan Pasal 6 (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 48 tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, maka dilakukan proses pemeriksaan oleh dokter jiwa atau psychiater. Perkembangan teknologi informasi membawa dampak terhap proses pemeriksaan sehingga diperlukan digital forensic untuk membuktikan bahwa pelaku tindak pidana yang mengalami gangguan jiwa terbukti atau tidak dinyatakan mampu bertenggung jawab. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab peranan digital forensic dalam melakukan pemeriksaan terhadap ODGJ dan digital forensic sebagai alat bukti terhadap ODGJ untuk menentukan pertanggungjawaban pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif, sumber data sekunder, metode pengumpulan data dengan studi kepustakaan, metode Analisa data normative kualitatif dengan ditarik kesimpulan secara deduktif
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI LEVEL MAGGOT SEGAR DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PRODUKSI TELUR ITIK MOJOSARI
Authors: Ajibarata M.Fahri Islah , Wulandari Eudia Christina , Suhardi Suhardi
Published: May 2024

Itik merupakan ternak dwiguna penghasil daging dan telur di Indonesia. Keberhsilan dalam pemeliharan itik ada pada konsumsi pakan, lingkungan sekitar, system perkandangan dan potensi genetiknya. Ransum pakan  yang diberikan harus bergizi tinggi dan mendukung pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 60 ekor itik petelur, mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap ( RAL)  4 perlakuan terdiri 3 itik sebagai ulangan perlakuan diulang 5 kali. Adapun perlakuannya adalah :T0 =( 100% Pakan jadi), T1 =(5%  Maggot +100% Pakan jadi) , T2 =(10% Maggot +100% Pakan jadi) dan T3 =(15% Maggot +100% Pakan jadi). Parameter yang diamati konsumsi ransum, hen day production, berat telur, tebal cangkang dan berat cangkang.. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa perlakuan berpegaruh nyta (P>0,05) terhadap Berat telur T0 (68,9a), T1(67,02ab), T2(70,26a ), T3(73,42b  ).Tetapi tidak berpegaruh nyata ( P<0,05) terhadap Konsumsi ransum T0( 195,94) ,T1( 200,36), T2( 205,39), T3(210,01) Hen day production  T0( 84.4%), T1( 82,2%), T2( 98.2%), T3(96,4% ). Tebal cangkang T0 (0,58), T1(0,58), T2(0,59), T3(0,55) dan Berat cangkang T0( 6,62), T1(6,82), T2(6,86), T3(7). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini maggot segar dapat dikomsumsi itik petelur dalam meningkatkan produksi telur dengan rujukan pemberian maggot sebesar 10% dan berpegaruh terhadap berat telur tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi ransum, HDP, tebal cangkang dan berat cangkang.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI MACAM WARNA PENCAHAYAAN TERHADAP PERFORMA AYAM PEJANTAN PADA FASE STARTER
Authors: Purnama Ardy , Wulandari Eudia Christina , Abdurrahman Zakaria Husein
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi warna pencahayaan terhadap performa ayam jantan fase starter/umur 1-10 hari. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Setiap ulangan (unit ulangan) menggunakan 4 ekor ayam. Parameter yang diamati adalah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan dan mortalitas. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah pengaruh variasi warna pencahayaan pada ayam pejantan fase starter tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), konversi pakan, dan mortalitas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah adanya pengaruh variasi warna pencahayaan terhadap performa ayam pejantan pada fase starter. Dapat disimpulkan tidak berpengaruh, namun secara numerik pertambahan bobot ringan paling baik ditunjukkan pada perlakuan T5 yaitu warna lampu merah.
PERKEMBANGAN USUS HALUS DAN PERTUMBUHAN AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER YANG DIBERI SINBIOTIK PADA PAKAN YANG DITURUNKAN KANDUNGAN PROTEINNYA
Authors: Imam Shokhirul , Suryadi Ujang , Hertamawati Rosa Tri , Haqqi Faris Muizzul
Published: May 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan usus halus dan pertumbuhan ayam kampung super yang diberi sinbiotik pada pakan dengan protein yang diturunkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2023. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, setiap unit perlakuan berisi 10 ekor ayam kampung super. Sinbiotik terdiri dari hasil fermentasi bekicot sebagai probiotik dan ekstrak kulit kacang tanah sebagai prebiotik. Pakan menggunakan selfmix dengan kandungan protein yang diturunkan. Suplementasi sinbiotik pada pakan terdiri dari P0 (kontrol), P1 (5 ml/kg), P2 (10 ml/kg), P3 (15 ml/kg). Parameter yang diamati adalah bobot dan panjang usus halus yang meliputi duodenum, jejenum, dan ileum, serta bobot badan akhir. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Analiysis of Variance (ANOVA), jika terdapat pengaruh perlakuan (P<0,05) dilanjutkan uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot duodenum dan bobot badan akhir namun tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05) terhadap bobot jejenum, ileum, maupun panjang duodenum, jejenum, dan ileum. Simpulan dari penelitian adalah sinbiotik mampu meningkatkan bobot duodenum pada taraf 10 ml/kg dan bobot badan akhir pada taraf pemberian 5 ml/kg dapat mengimbangi perlakuan kontrol.
 
Kata Kunci: ayam kampung super, sinbiotik, usus halus, bobot badan akhir
HUBUNGAN PROTEIN KASAR TERCERNA DAN SERAT KASAR TERCERNA TERHADAP PRODUKSI GAS METAN PADA DOMBA LOKAL JANTAN
Authors: Saputro Wahyu Subagio , Efendi Kabib , Darmawan Muhammad Arif
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji korelasi antara jumlah protein kasar tercerna (PK tercerna) dan serat kasar tercerna (SK tercerna) terhadap produksi gas metan dari jerami padi yang difermentasikan menggunakan urea dan urin. Materi yang digunakan meliputi domba lokal jantan sebanyak delapan ekor dengan umur ± 1,5 tahun dengan bobot ± 20 kg digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pakan yang diberikan berupa konsentrat dan jerami padi fermentasi dengan urea (P1) dan jerami padi fermentasi dengan urin (P2). Pakan diberikan sebanyak 2 kali sehari dan pemberian air dilakukan secara ad libitum. Pengambilan data berupa jumlah protein kasar tercerna dan serat kasar tercerna dilakukan dengan cara total koleksi pada kandang metabolis selama 7 hari, sedangkan pengukuran produksi gas metan dilakukan selama 2 x 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nilai korelasi dari kedua jenis perlakuan. Perlakuan dengan jerami padi fermentasi dengan urea memiliki nilai korelasi 0,937 pada protein kasar tercerna dan 0,507 pada serat kasar tercerna dengan nilai koefisien determinasi 87,9 % pada PK tercerna dan 25,7 % pada SK tercerna. Sedangkan pada perlakuan jerami padi fermentasi dengan urin nilai korelasinya adalah – 0,632 pada PK tercerna dan – 0,991 pada SK tercerna dengan nilai koefisien determinasi 40,0 % pada PK tercerna dan 98,3 % pada SK tercerna. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah perbedaan nilai korelasi disebabkan oleh sumber nitrogen yang digunakan untuk fermentasi dan akibat adanya senyawa-senyawa ikutan yang terdapat pada urin sapi yang digunakan untuk fermentasi jerami padi.
Artificial Intelligence and Commerce: Revolutionizing Marketing, Sales, and Customer Experience
Authors: Kaur Harsandaldeep
Published: May 2024

Various sectors are seeing a dramatic shift in their marketing, sales, and customer experience strategies as a result of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in commerce. AI's revolutionary potential to improve company operations and consumer engagement, as well as its effects on commerce. Businesses can now automate tedious activities, analyse massive quantities of data, and customise interactions with consumers at scale thanks to artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics. Businesses may improve their marketing strategies, sales procedures, and customer experiences by using AI-powered algorithms and algorithms to learn about consumer behaviour, preferences, and trends.
POLA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (STUDI KASUS SDN 2 KILENSARI)
Authors: Sa’diya Halimatus , Amroellah Afif , Pratiwi Vidya
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola mengajar matematika pada anak berkebutuhan khusus di SDN 2 Kilensari dan mendeskripsikan latar belakang pelaksanaan sekolah inklusi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Tehnik analisis data yang digunakan ialah menggunakan triangulasi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan yakni : 1). SDN 2 KILENSARI merupakan sekolah inklusi akan tetapi guru dengan latar belakang bukan Sarjana S-1 Program Studi Pendidikan Luar Biasa (PLB), tetapi mereka mendapatkan pelatihan dan dukungan dalam menghadapi tantangan mengajar anak ABK. 2). Proses pembelajaran matematika bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) di SDN 2 KILENSARI dilakukan secara inklusif, siswa normal reguler dan ABK belajar dalam satu kelas yang sama. Penerapan settingan sosiometri dalam penempatan tempat duduk siswa ABK yang mana bertujuan untuk membantu mobilitas belajar peserta didik ABK. 3). Pola mengajar guru cenderung menggunakan praktek dan penggunaan pendekatan urutan belajar yang bersifat perkembangan, dimana materi disesuaikan secara bertahap dari yang konkret hingga pada akhirnya pada yang abstrak. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) bertujuan untuk mengubah tingkah laku tidak adaptif, kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang tidak adaptif dilemahkan, dikurangi dan dihilangkan, sedangkan perilaku yang adaptif ditimbulkan dan dikokohkan.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA POWERPOINT INTERAKTIF BERBASIS CANVA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK TERPADU DI KELAS III SD NEGERI 13 LOLONG
Authors: Santia Letri , Oktira Yona Syaida
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan permasalahan yaitu media pembelajaran yang digunakan pendidik kurang bervariasi, sehingga siswa tidak aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, pada saat proses pembelajaran pendidik tidak ada menggunakan model pembelajaran yang jelas, media powerpoint yang diterapkan masih membuat siswa bosan dan guru hanya fokus pada beberapa siswa saja atau bersifat satu arah. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut peneliti mengembangkan media powerpoint interaktif pada pembelajaran tematik terpadu di kelas III Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R & D ( Research and Development) dengan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 tahapan yaitu, analisis (analysis), desain (design ), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implementation), dan evaluasi (evaluation). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui validitas, praktikalitas, dan efektivitas media powerpoint interaktif pada pembelajaran tematik terpadu di kelas III Sekolah Dasar. Berdasarkan hasil validasi dari semua validator menunjukkan kualitas sangat baik yaitu dari validator ahli materi dengan skor rata-rata 93,3% dengan kriteria sangat valid, sedangkan validator ahli bahasa diperoleh nilai rata-rata 94,2% dengan kriteria sangat valid dan penilaian ahli design diperoleh nilai rata-rata 89,3% dengan kriteria sangat valid. Berdasarkan masukan dan saran dari validator maka dilakukan beberapa revisi berkaitan hal tersebut, sehingga didapatkan penyajian media pembelajaran berbentuk powerpoint interaktif yang sangat valid. Hasil praktikalitas dari pendidik skor rata-rata 84,4% kriteria sangat praktis dari peserta didik skor rata-rata 88,7% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil efektivitas peserta didik skor rata-rata 90% dengan kriteria sangat efektif.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS DI KELAS IV SDN 9 PATOKAN TAHUN 2023
Authors: Febrianto Mory Victor , Rohmatilla A Nur
Published: May 2024

Pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project based learning) adalah model pembelajaran yang menggunakan proyek/kegiatan sebagai tujuannya. Pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project based learning) memfokuskan pada aktivitas siswa yang berupa pengumpulan informasi dan pemanfaatannya untuk menghasilkan sesuatu yang bermanfaat bagi kehidupan siswa itu sendiri ataupun bagi orang lain, namun tetap terkait dengan KD dalam kurikulum. IPAS merupakan gabungan antara IPA dan IPS. IPAS secara konten sangat dekat dengan alam dan interaksi antarmanusia. Pembelajaran IPAS perlu menghadirkan konteks yang relevan dengan kondisi alam dan lingkungan sekitar siswa. IPAS juga berperan penting dalam pembentukan kompetensi literasi dan numerasi.
The Role of Rocks in Defining the Characters in Isabella Hammad’s The Parisian (2019)
Authors: Awajan Nasaybah
Published: May 2024

The current study looks at the metaphors for rocks in Isabella Hammad's novel The Parisian (2019). It seeks to demonstrate how Isabella Hammad employs rock analogies to describe and provide an understanding into her characters, Midhat, Jamil, and Fatima. Midhat, who studied abroad, has a hyphenated identity and is portrayed as a compromise—less resistant, delicate, and adaptable. The inverse of the properties of the rocks/stones. The other characters who have not fled Palestine, such as Fatima and Jamil, are portrayed as more strong, resilient, and unstoppable. Their characteristics are described as rocks or stones. Hammad compares Midhat's personality and qualities to those of other characters, such as Fatima and Jamil, using rock and stone metaphors. The work is examined through the prism of postcolonialism, specifically Edward Said's views on Orientalism. Hammad describes the characters using metaphors such as rocks and stones. According to the investigation, Jamil and Fatima's traits reflect those of stones and rocks. Midhat, on the other hand, has certain features that are diametrically opposed to those of stones and rocks. Hammad deliberately portrays Midhat in this manner to highlight the contrast between Palestinians who abandon their territory and indigenous who remain on their land, participate in revolts, and protect their homeland. To the researcher's knowledge, there have been few studies that evaluate and discuss Isabella Hammad's literary works, particularly her novel The Parisian (2019).
PERSPECTIVES AND FEATURES OF BRANCH UTILIZATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INTENSIVE GARDENS AND PARKS
Authors: Sereda Leonid , Trukhanska Оlena , Shvets Ludmila , Dyachenko Andriy
Published: May 2024

In most countries of Europe and North America, wood chips obtained in the process of cutting brushwood and branches are widely used in intensive gardens and parks as a mulching agent. Technologies that involve the disposal of branches have a wide list of technological operations. One of the most common involves manual pruning with the help of simple technical tools such as a chainsaw and cordless saws. The cut wood is transported and piled into piles, which are burned when there is enough accumulation. This technology is primarily environmentally harmful, as it pollutes the environment. Therefore, the property of using chopped branches as mulch between rows in gardens and park alleys is quite an important factor.

The goal is to study the application of the technology of cutting branches into chips with a high-tech unit, which will make it possible to reduce labor costs by approximately 1.5 times, fuel costs by 1.4 times, eliminate environmental pollution, replenish the soil with organic and mineral additives and use additional areas of land. which are now set aside for wood burning sites.

Technologies that involve the disposal of branches after trimming the crown of trees have the most diverse directions of use of the pruning product and a wide list of technological operations. Each of them is interesting in its own way, has advantages and disadvantages, and therefore requires more detailed coverage.

One of the oldest and most primitive technologies involves manually loading cut wood onto vehicles, taking the branches to storage sites, where they are burned. This technology is poorly mechanized and requires extensive use of unproductive manual labor. The coefficient of utilization of the carrying capacity of vehicles is very low, as it is impossible to place the collected wood tightly under load. Currently, it is used in small farms.
MODELING THE STRUCTURE EVOLUTION DURING HOT ROLLING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS USING THE DEFORM SOFTWARE
Authors: Chmykh Kateryna , Volkovskiy Igor
Published: May 2024

The investigation of the structural evolution of aluminum alloys during hot rolling is a pertinent challenge in modern metallurgy. This study involves the modeling of the process of aluminum alloy structure formation during hot rolling using the DEFORM-3D software suite. The software allows for the replication of real rolling conditions and the prediction of changes in alloy structures.

The article presents modeling of evolutionary structures during the hot rolling of aluminum alloy 5182 BT (Al-Mg 4.5%) in a five-stand continuous hot rolling mill. The DEFORM-3D software product was used for mathematical modeling, and the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation was employed to account for recrystallization kinetics.

The results of calculations yielded the volume of recrystallized grains and their sizes throughout the entire rolling process. However, it is crucial to note that changes in grain sizes during the rolling of aluminum alloys are a complex process and do not follow a constant pattern. This is due to the influence of numerous factors related to both the metal's internal structure and the specific technological processes. Therefore, the modeling results require further verification through industrial experiments.

In this context, data regarding the evolution of texture and structure obtained during forced hot rolling "2800" with subsequent thread cooling of the metal were used for comparison.

In conclusion, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of processes occurring during the hot rolling of aluminum alloys and provides valuable insights into the impact of recrystallization on the final structure and material properties.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STAND FOR EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE DOSER PUMP OF THE HYDROSTATIC STEERING SYSTEM OF SELF-PROPELLED AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Authors: Shargorodskiy Serhiy , Zamrii Mykhailo , Kondratuk Dmutro
Published: May 2024

Hydrovolumetric steering systems have today become widely used in heavy agricultural machines, such as combines, loaders, etc. The reliability and quality of operation of these machines largely depends on the quality of these systems and their elements. During the operation of these systems, a number of shortcomings were identified, which require additional research and the application of new design solutions. From the analysis of modern developments of the leading manufacturers of elements of these hydraulic systems, it follows that the main design changes are caused by the need to ensure the operability of these systems in abnormal or emergency situations. To check the performance of these devices in laboratory conditions, it is necessary to provide bench equipment with the ability to simulate abnormal situations and ensure the recording of the received information for the purpose of its further analysis and the formation of a set of measures aimed at eliminating the identified deficiencies and meeting the requirements of current standards.

The authors have developed an original method of experimental research of individual steering control units for hydrostatic steering systems of special vehicles. It is proposed to create a load on the steering control unit in the form of a pressure difference in its output channels without using supporting hydraulic cylinders. To implement the proposed method, an electro-hydraulic scheme of the stand was developed. This makes it possible to analyze the quality of the steering unit's operation in conditions corresponding to different operating modes of the steering system, and to determine the corresponding characteristics of the steering unit under oncoming and passing loads.
SUBSTANTIATION OF INDUCTION HEATING DURING FLANGING OF TUBULAR WORKPIECES BY ROLLING FORMING
Authors: Matviychuk Viktor , Savkiv Volodymyr
Published: May 2024

Rolling forming (RF) processes are among the most efficient methods of metal forming. The required profile of the workpiece in rolling processes is formed by local deformation with conical or cylindrical rolls using sound technological schemes. When roll forming pipe billets with a ratio of the height of the initial deformed part to the wall thickness of more than 2.5, the flange seating process is made impossible by the loss of billet stability with subsequent fold formation. This phenomenon makes it impossible to produce wide flanges by drawing. To form workpieces with particularly wide flanges, we have developed a flanging method by rolling stamping.

The essence of the flanging method is that at the initial stages of rolling, the top of the conical roll is shifted in the direction of the contact patch. At intermediate stages, to prevent the workpiece wall from turning inside out, the top of the roll is shifted in the opposite direction (along the workpiece axis). The main technological constraints are imposed by the insufficient ductility of the billet material, which can cause fracture.

To develop the flanging processes in a reasonable manner, we studied the mechanics of outer flange deformation and methods of controlling material flow. The stress-strain state (SSS) of the material was analyzed using the hardness measurement method and the mesh method. The nature of the change in the stress-strain state in the most dangerous zones of the workpiece was determined, depending on the ratio of the flange diameter to the initial workpiece. Based on the experimental results, a mathematical model of the deformation trajectory of material particles of the outer surface of the flange in the coordinates of deformation intensity - an indicator of the stress state - was constructed. To assess the deformability of the material, a damage summation model with a power law approximation of the damage function was used. The model allows us to determine the ultimate fracture dimensions of the flange, as well as the plasticity resource used at intermediate stages.

The condition for the suitability of metals for flanging by rolling stamping for engineering calculations is obtained. The necessity of applying induction heating in the processes of culling by rolling stamping is substantiated. This makes it possible to expand the technological capabilities of flanging processes by developing and using induction heating of workpieces, due to an increase in the plasticity characteristics and a decrease in the strength characteristics of metals in the process of deformation.
PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF VEGETABLE PROTEIN-VITAMIN PASTE
Authors: Tverdokhlib Igor , Solona Olena , Polievoda Yurii , Kholodyuk Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

The problem of providing the population of Ukraine with products of animal origin is currently very urgent, because barely two-thirds of the population is supplied with meat products, and a little more than half with dairy products. Traditional harvesting technologies cannot provide a sufficient amount of highly nutritious fodder, mainly due to significant losses during the implementation of technological operations. One of the ways to increase the intensity of fodder production is the fractional harvesting of high-protein green plants with the allocation of protein-vitamin concentrate as the main type of fodder. The analysis of the latest research and publications showed that currently there are no single, scientifically based recommendations regarding the rational set of machines and mode parameters of their operation when implementing this technology. Based on the results of previous studies, an experimental set of machines was formed to implement the technology of wet fractionation of alfalfa. The technological scheme includes such lines as dosing, disintegration (shredding) and wet fractionation of green plants, a line for coagulation of green juice, a line for separating the suspension obtained as a result of coagulation, a line for drying vegetable protein-vitamin concentrate and making pellets from it. Modeling the operation of the specified complex of machines allowed to determine the rational parameters of the operation of most of them, to outline the ways of further improvement of the nomenclature of machines, their location in technological lines, etc. For example, to increase the productivity of the filtration operation of the suspension obtained after coagulation of the green juice of alfalfa, it is advisable to direct it to special tanks for settling before sending it to the filter press, which will allow to increase the output of the protein-vitamin concentrate after filtering. The conducted modeling of the experimental complex of machines for the implementation of the fractional technology of harvesting alfalfa with the production of protein-vitamin concentrate showed the prospects of this technology for the development of the fodder industry.
RESEARCH OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BULK FOOD MIXTURES
Authors: Polievoda Yurii , Volynets Yevhenii , Hryshchyshyn Viktor
Published: May 2024

The development of technologies and modern equipment for the agricultural sector, as well as growing competition in the field of growing major agricultural products, lead agricultural producers to try to optimize their own production.

The process of mixing can be thought of as the volumetric movement of particles of two or more components to obtain a homogeneous medium (in terms of composition, physical, mechanical, and other properties). To mix bulk materials, external forces must be applied to allow the particles of the components to be mixed to move relative to each other.

The heterogeneity of the mixture depends on a number of reasons, in particular: the supply of the initial components to the vibrating mixer; insufficient mixing of the bulk mixture causes a deviation in the distribution of component particles, etc.

An analysis of existing mixer designs has shown that most technological processes use rotary drum mixers and mixers with rotating working bodies - paddle, screw, frame.

To study the process of mixing bulk food mixtures, a laboratory and experimental setup was developed, consisting of a vibration-centrifugal mixer, a loading hopper, and a control panel.

The developed machine (mixer) is based on the task of intensifying the process of mixing materials by reducing the adhesive forces between material particles through the use of the gravitational effect. Vibrational impact on the mixing of materials and the mixer's working bodies significantly increases the process productivity, reduce energy consumption and improves the quality of the mixture.

The developed design can be widely used in various industries in the production of spices, bakery mixes, feed, protein and vitamin supplements.
THE APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC SYNCHRONIZATION IN THE AGGREGATION OF VIBRATION EXCITERS OF AN ADAPTIVE VIBRATING MILL
Authors: Solona Olena , Zamrii Mykhailo
Published: May 2024

Vibrating mills are one of the most advanced types of grinders, which have high productivity and combine a sufficiently high intensity of technological action with a relatively simple construction.

The main parameter of vibrating mills is the amount of maximum power transmitted to the load through the chamber by the vibrating exciter at a given value of the forcing power developed by it. It was found that the maximum power is transmitted to the load when the chamber moves along a circular trajectory. Thus, it was determined that an equivalent forcing power should be applied near the center of inertia of the oscillating part of the vibrating mill.

The aggregation of vibration exciters can significantly reduce the time and cost of engineering and manufacturing of vibrating mills, while simplifying their maintenance and repair. In other cases, the use of several low-power vibration exciters instead of one of equal power is due to the need to disperse the forcing power over the vibrating working body of a large-sized vibrating mill.

The article considers the dynamic scheme of a vibrating mill with aggregated vibration exciters, which will ensure their self-synchronization. A mathematical model of a three-axis vibrating installation with four uniformly rotating vibration exciters is proposed in the form of a system of ordinary linear differential equations, which allows studying the movement of its actuators. The solutions of the system of differential equations corresponding to the stable synchronous and out-of-phase motions of the unbalance shafts of a three-mass four-vibrator two-chamber vibrating mill with active additionally installed rotating unbalanced masses are also presented. Based on the received results, the graphs of functions describing the steady oscillatory motion (A = const) of the executive bodies of the vibrating mill were constructed.
STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VIBRORHEOLOGICAL MODELS OF BULK RAW MATERIALS IN THE WORKING AREA OF A VIBROCENTRIFUGAL MIXER
Authors: Polievoda Yurii , Volynets Yevhenii
Published: May 2024

Determining the movement of loose media in vibrating equipment (in particular, vibratory volume processing, grinding, separation) is a rather complex task of dynamics, which has not been fully investigated to date. The reason for this is the cumbersomeness of the mathematical description of the dynamics of the fluid medium, simplifying hypotheses and assumptions, the linearity of the models, which do not always adequately reflect the real physics of the investigated vibrational process.

In recent years, vibration mechanics and vibrorheology have played an important role in the emerging new direction of applied vibration theory - the theory of vibration processes and devices. This theory examines the regularities of the impact of vibrations in various mechanical systems. It also covers the theory of machines where vibration is used for useful purposes.

Vibrorheology is a branch of mechanics that studies the change under the influence of vibration in the rheological properties of bodies in relation to slow forces, as well as the corresponding slow movements of bodies.

In recent years, vibration mechanics and vibrorheology have gained significant importance in a new direction of applied vibration theory - the theory of vibration processes and devices. This branch investigates the patterns of creation and influence of vibrations in various mechanical systems; it also covers the theory of machines where vibrations are used for useful purposes.

Using the models mentioned below, it was possible to describe the chaotic movement of a layer of loose medium under the influence of vibration. These movements have been well studied in liquid media and have also been successfully studied in loose media. This further confirms the possibility of modeling the slow movements of a loose medium using analogies related to the movements of a viscous liquid.
ENSURING RELIABILITY AND RESOURCE CONSERVATION COULTERS DISCS OF GRAIN SEEDERS
Authors: Trukhanska Olena , Gadaichuk Maksym
Published: May 2024

A study was conducted aimed at studying the problems of the reliability of coulter discs and proposing ways, methods of restoring and optimizing the design of coulters of grain seed drills to maximize their reliability and durability.

Grain planters in agriculture play a key role in the process of growing crops. However, one of the most important components of these units are coulter discs, which are often exposed to aggressive conditions and heavy physical loads. Ensuring the reliability of coulter discs of grain seeders is a key aspect in agricultural production, since the efficiency of the technological process of sowing directly affects the yield and quality of agricultural crops.

A thorough analysis of the geometry and materials of the disks was carried out to identify weak points and potential sources of activation, as well as to determine the main factors that lead to their wear and destruction.

The values and distribution of the residual stresses in the material of the new disk and the restored one by welding three segments made of steel with surmite surfacing and vibration hardening were determined.

The values of the degree of strengthening of the material of the cutting edge of restored coulter discs were found. Optimal modes of vibration strengthening are established: frequencies and amplitudes of oscillations of the processing tool, time.

The research makes it possible to develop an optimized design of opener discs, which will ensure their high reliability and service life during various operating conditions.

The results of the research will be used to improve the technical characteristics and production technologies of coulter discs, which will help to increase productivity, reduce the costs of repairing seed drills and ensure efficient sowing.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF OPERATION OF TRAILED SOIL TILLAGE MACHINE UNITS
Authors: Ryaboshapka Vadym , Zharskyi Mykola , Zharskyi Ruslan
Published: May 2024

This work deals with issues related to increasing the stability of the movement of machine units. Manoeuvrability is also one of the most important aspects of machinery, especially trailers. The results of the research carried out in the article allow us to find one of the ways to increase the productivity of trailed machine units, reduce operating costs and improve the quality of agricultural work. In order to increase the productivity and efficiency of the use of machine units, it is necessary to increase the working speed, width of grip, rationally use the agricultural machines that are part of the machine units. The result of improving these indicators can be: lower operating costs for performing mechanized work, reducing the metal consumption of the process of creating machines, shortening the time of work. The current state of the problem is briefly considered, the relevance of the research is substantiated, the purpose of the work is formulated, and the main theoretical principles of the operation of machine-tractor units are presented. A review of scientific works on the outlined issues was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the use of combined trailed tillage machines were analysed, the problems that arise when using trailed machine-tractor units were identified, tasks and ways to improve the stability of straight-line movement and manoeuvrability of trailed machine-tractor units were outlined, and also considered different criteria for evaluating their straight-line movement stability and manoeuvrability. The main parameters affecting the stability and manoeuvrability of machine units, and especially combined ones, are considered. The design of the traction coupling device, which increases the indicators of stability of movement and manoeuvrability of trailed machine-tractor units, is described, and a kinematic analysis of the operation of the proposed traction coupling device is performed. The theoretical justification of the problem of the stability of tillage machine units, which consists in the occurrence of external disturbances from the reaction of the soil environment on the working bodies, and as a result, the deviation of trailed machines from straight-line movement, is considered. This deviation is eventually stabilized by the traction force and reappears with the opposite sign, resulting in oscillatory processes described by the laws of vibration. It is to compensate for such deviations that a special construction of the traction-coupling device is designed, which ensures the stability of the unit and ultimately increases its efficiency.

Keywords: machine unit, towing links, experiment, operation, turning, manoeuvrability, tractor, tillage unit, traction and coupling device.