bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of the Substrate Heating Kinetics During Sputtering of a Copper-Titanium Sandwich Target
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Shapovalov V. I. , Sharkovskii D. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the special aspects of the heat flow formation during the sputtering of a sandwich target with an internal copper plate and an external titanium one in argon. The kinetics of the heat flow generated by the external plate was determined by the numerical solution of the two-dimensional uniform Fourier’s equation with a set of boundary and zero initial conditions. The Heat Transfer Module of the COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for numerical calculations. In calculations, the grid element size was chosen to be 3.64 mm, which ensures a calculation error of ≤ 5 %. Solving the Fourier’s equation in the time range of 0…500 s with a step of 1 s resulted in a set of the surface temperature distributions of the external plate. When studying heat flows, the external plate was presented as a set of concentric radiation sources with a constant surface temperature. The central source had the shape of a disk, all the others were ring-shaped. The geometric dimensions of the sources and their temperatures were determined by solving the problem of stepwise approximation of the external plate’s surface temperature distribution with a relative error of 10 %. This article provides calculation results for power of 1,000 W and total relative area of the cutouts of 0.25. The comparison of calculated and experimental data is presented.
Scheme of Reinforcement of a Part of a Complex Geometric Shape on the Example of an Axial Fan
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Polyakov V. A.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the design of a reinforcement scheme for a complex part, which was chosen as an axial fan. When designing a part or structure, the developer is faced with the task of determining which of the methods of manufacturing the part should be chosen, cast or prefabricated. For comparison, two cases of constructing a geometric shape are considered. In the first version, the fan is made of a single material without gluing; in the second, the design is made from the assembly of components. Comparing the stress and displacement patterns of the two fans, a difference was noticed in the attachment points of the blades to the impeller. In the second variant, due to the gluing of the blades, additional stresses arise at their base. Which in turn leads to additional reinforcement trajectories. It should also be taken into account that when manufacturing a part as an assembly unit, reinforcement trajectories must connect adjacent components to reduce stress at the points of their bonding.
MODEL MATEMATIKA SENSOR MIKROKANTILEVER BERBASIS SISTEM PEGAS
Authors: Nuryadi Ratno
Published: October 2023

Microcantilever has attracted interest for researchers as sensor in the field of chemistry, physics, biology and environment. Varieties of both theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted to explore the potential and to increase the sensor performance. In the theoretical studies, various models and simulations have been done to explain the microcantilever sensing phenomenon. This paper presents a mathematical model based on a spring system to explain the process of molecules sensing by using microcantilever. As a result, the resonant frequency shift due to detection of molecules on the surface mikrokantilever can be seen and this indicates that this model can be used to explain the sensing process in the microcantilever-based sensors.

Keywords : Microcantilever, sensor, spring system, simulation.

ABSTRAK

Mikrokantilever telah menjadi perhatian menarik bagi para peneliti untuk diaplikasikan sebagai sensor pada bidang kimia, fisika, biologi dan lingkungan. Berbagai studi baik teori maupun eksperimen pun telah dilakukan untuk menggali potensi dan meningkatkan perfomanya. Termasuk di dalamnya, model dan simulasi telah diusulkan untuk menerangkan fenomena sensing. Pada makalah ini akan dipaparkan model matematika berbasis sistem pegas untuk menerangkan proses sensing molekul dengan menggunakan mikrokantilever. Hasilnya, pergeseran frekuensi resonansi dari vibrasi mikrokantilever karena terdeteksinya molekul pada permukaan mikrokantilever dapat terlihat dan hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa model ini dapat dipakai untuk menerangkan proses sensing pada sensor berbasis mikrokantilever.

Kata Kunci : Mikrokantilever, sensor, sistem pegas, simulasi.
ANALISIS PERANCANGAN DAN SISTEM PENGATURAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO SUNGAI CIASIHAN DI KABUPATENBOGOR DENGAN PROGRAM SIMULASI CFD 10
Authors: Sutisna Entis , Paryatmo Wibowo , Rakasywi Damora
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe task of this study was to analyze the design of a micro hydro power plants and determine the appropriate type of water turbine convenient source of water power available and besides that analyze the control system discharge water. To determine potential sources of electrical power from the river Ciasihan survey was conducted in the river hydropower resources river of Ciasihan and height measurements falling water effectively. Rainfall data stream Ciasihan obtained from local meteorological agency to get of the relationship rainfall and river flow plus a calculation of reservoir capacity.Based on the analysis of water turbine type most suitable for use as a micro-hydro power plants on the river Ciasihan ie turbine type water cross flow turbine with water regulation system uses a hydraulic control system mechanically or using manual system.Keywords : sumber tenaga air, discharge of water, electric power potential.ABSTRAKTugas dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisa perancangan sebuah pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro dan turbin air yang sesuai sumber tenaga air yang tersedia dan disamping itu menganalisa dasar-dasar pengaturannya. Untuk mengetahui potensi sumber daya listrik dari sungai Ciasihan tersebut telah dilakukan survei sumber tenaga air di Sungai Ciasihan yaitu besarnya laju aliran air dan pengukuran tinggi jatuh air efektif. Data curah hujan sungai Ciasihan diperoleh dari badan meteorologi setempat yang memiliki data curah hujan lengkap untuk mendapatkan gambaran hubungan curah hujan dan debit aliran sungai ditambah perhitungan kapasitas reservoir.Berdasarkan hasil analisa jenis turbin air yang paling sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro di sungai Ciasihan yaitu turbin air jenis turbin aliran silang dengan sistem pengaturan air menggunakan sistem mekanikal atau manual.Kata kunci: PLTMH, debit air, potensi daya listrik
Penentuan Persamaan Kualitas Permukaan Bendakerja Hasil Proses Perautan Dengan Mesin Bubut Cnc.
Authors: _ Wirawan*
Published: October 2023

Determination of equation on surface quality of the workpiece which is produced by cutting process using cnc turning machine

The problem is situated on the difficulties of predicting the surface roughness of the machined product using CNC turning machine, due to there is no mathematical model which expresses the surface formation on the cutting process. The objectives of this research is not only to observe the influence of cutting parameters to the surface rougness of the workpiece which is produced by machining process using CNC turning machine, but also to construct a mathematical model for predicting the surface roughness of the workpiece as a result of machining process with the cutting parameters involved. The research is carried out by: material selection of the test piece, test piece preparation, machining of the material test piece involving the predefined cutting data, and measuring oh the surface roughness of the work piece resulting from machining process. The result of this research is a surface roughness of the work piece which is machined using combination of cutting speed of 62.8; 141; 219 meter per menit, feedrate of 0.08; 0.34; 0.6 milimeter per rotation, and depth of cut of 0.08; 0.34; 0.6 milimeter. Finally, it is identified that the surface roughness of the work piece is significantly influenced by cutting parameters,and a mathematical model for predicting the surface roughness of the work piece can be constructed, as follow: Ra= 0,0102185 Vc + 8,81060 F + 8,5401 a – 0,0296552 Vc * a – 2,67699

Keywords: turning machined, surface roughness, cutting speed, feedrate, and depfth of cut.

Abstrak

Masalah terletak pada sulitnya memprediksi kekasaran permukaan hasil perautan menggunakan mesin bubut CNC, karena belum dimilikinya model matematik yang mengekspresikan pembentukan permukaan hasil proses perautan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter perautan terhadap kekasaran permukaan hasil perautan menggunakan mesin bubut CNC dan mendapatkan model matematik yang bisa digunakan untuk memprediksi keksaran permukaan bendakerja hasil perautan dengan data parameter yang digunakan. Cara uji meliputi: pemilihan bahan material uji, persiapan material uji, perautan material uji dengan data perautan yang ditetapkan, dan pengukuran kekasaran permukaan bendakerja hasil perautan. Hasil pengujian berupa kekasaran permukaan bendakerja untuk kombinasi kecepatan potong 62,8; 141; 219 meter per menit, kecepatan pemakanan 0,08; 0,34; 0,6 milimeter per putaran dan ketebalan penyayatan 0,3; 1,0; 2,0 milimeter. Pada akhirnya didapatkan hasil parameter perautan tersebut memiliki pengaruh terhadap kekasaran permukaan bendakerja sangat signifikan, serta didapat sebuah model matematik untuk memprediksi kekasaran permukaan bendakerja sebagai berikut: Ra= 0,0102185 Vc + 8,81060 F + 8,5401 a – 0,0296552 Vc * a – 2,67699

Kata kunci : mesin bubut, kekasaran permukaan, kecepatan potong, kecepatan pemakanan dan kedalaman penyayatan.
ВПЛИВ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ НА МІЖНАРОДНИЙ БІЗНЕС
Authors: Огінок Соломія , Когут Андрій
Published: October 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню соціального менеджменту як важливого напрямку управління, що набуває зростаючої актуальності в контексті розвитку соціальних організацій, проектів та підприємств. Обґрунтовано важливість соціального менеджменту, аналізуючи його ключові особливості. Розглянуто соціальне підприємництво не просто як бізнес-модель, а як стратегічний підхід до адаптації підприємств до глобальних соціальних викликів, при цьому добровільно інтегруючи соціальні та екологічні аспекти у свою діяльність. В статті виокремлено основні характеристики та принципи соціальної відповідальності бізнесу. Досліджено ключові аспекти та інструменти, з допомогою яких соціально відповідальні підприємства впроваджують свої ініціативи. Акцентовано, що кожен з цих інструментів спрямований на мінімізацію негативних соціальних та екологічних впливів, стимулювання позитивних змін в спільнотах, а також підвищення якості життя і благополуччя працівників. Наведено приклади соціальної відповідальності корпорацій. Розкрито корпоративні стратегії, які спрямовані на покращення соціального оточення і стимулюють позитивні зміни у спільноті.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Temel Düzey Robotik Kodlama Eğitimi Hakkında Görüşleri
Authors: ATİLA Gülşah , ŞAHİN Dilara , SALAR Rıza
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmada, ortaokul öğrencilerinin temel düzey robotik kodlama eğitimi hakkındaki görüşlerini ve öğrencilerin robotik kodlama ile fen eğitimi arasında nasıl bir ilişki kurduklarını açığa çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma metodolojisinin işe koşulduğu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 28 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubundaki 28 öğrenci temel robotik kodlama eğitimi aldıktan sonra görüşlerini belirlemek için sekiz açık uçlu maddeden oluşan bir ankete cevap vermişlerdir. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğrenciler; özellikle elektronik kavramları ve elektronik devre elemanlarını öğrendiklerini, eğitim sürecinde elektronik devreyi oluşturmada ve akabinde kod yazımında zorluklar yaşadığını, eğitim süreci boyunca eğlendiklerini, fen bilimleri derslerinde kullanılmasının faydalı olabileceğini ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına dayanarak robotik kodlamanın fen bilimleri derslerine entegre edilmesinden öğrencilerin memnuniyet duyacağı ancak öncesinde devre kurma ve kodlama ile ilgili tecrübelerinin artırılması gerektiği söylenebilir.
ВЕКТОР ДУХОВНОСТІ В ПІДГОТОВЦІ ФАХІВЦІВ З ВІДБУДОВИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Ковалевський Сергій , Кошева Людмила
Published: October 2023

У статті розглянуто чинники синергії систем і процесів у відбудові України, які базуються на унікальному векторі духовності української нації. Визначено характерні особливості сьогодення та наближення освітніх систем України до провідних європейських країн, їхнього впливу на соціальний та економічний розвиток, виробництво і споживання матеріальних і духовних цінностей й на рівень добробуту широких верств населення саме в світлі відбудови України. Передбачено забезпечення високої конкурентоспроможності країни та формування інноваційної моделі економічного розвитку. Визначено, що на рівні спорідненості світоглядних цінностей України з євроатлантичною спільнотою виникає Духовно-культурна спорідненість, яка також є одним з вимірів вектору духовності. Аргументовано, що сучасне реформування освіти докорінно відрізняється від усіх попередніх тим, що вперше здійснюється не на основі державно-класових ідеологічних запитів, а за ідеями смисло-ціннісного буття людини, за логікою її еволюційного розвитку. Визначено, що основною парадигмою розвитку вектору духовності здобувачів освіти в умовах війни є створення безпечних умов для навчання, постійна психологічна підтримка, залучення батьків до освітнього процесу, емоційна безпека та підвищення рівня задоволення соціальних і духовних потреб. З урахуванням викликів, наведених в цієї роботі, слід творчо і системно розвивати комплексну роз'яснювально-пропагандистську роботу щодо духовної та культурної спорідненості України та євроатлантичної спільноти у ключових сферах життєдіяльності суспільства. Історичний шанс перемогти агресора дозволить Україні відновити територіальну цілісність, відбудувати економіку та соціальну сферу, створити умови для глибокої модернізації в науковій та освітній галузях на підставі системо утворюючого вектору духовності українців.
Az udvarhölgy ébredése
Authors: Seidl Krisztián
Published: October 2023

Az életét teljes mélységében megrázó trauma – odaadó áhítattal szeretett fiatal feleségének elvesztése – késztette a 29 éves Lechner Ödönt, hogy hagyja el a megszokott életét, a hazáját, szakítson minden szakmai gyökerével, és menjen külföldi tanulmányútra, ahol megtalálhatja önmagát és azt a magyaros építészeti irányzatot, amely mindig is motoszkált benne. A mély gyász ösztökélte a változásra, hozta ki belőle az egyedit, az új és ismeretlen utat, a berögződött, a már-már rutinszerű hagyományoktól való elszakadást. Lechner világra szóló tehetségének kibontakozásában egy különös állomás a nemrégiben felújított MÁV Nyugdíjintézet bérházának épülete, amelyet a Krúdy Gyulától származó elnevezés után Drexler-palotaként tart számon a köznyelv.
Kohti päämäärätietoista yhteiskunnallista opettajuutta? Opettajaopiskelijoiden tulevalle työlleen asettamat päämäärät
Authors: Kuusisto Elina , Rissanen Inkeri
Published: October 2023

Tämän tutkimuksen lähtökohtana on käsitys päämäärätietoisesta opettajasta opettajankoulutuksen tavoitteena. Päämäärätietoinen opettaja kokee työnsä henkilökohtaisesti merkitykselliseksi ja on pitkäaikaisesti sitoutunut antamaan panoksensa oppilaiden ja yhteiskunnan hyväksi. Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin opettajaopiskelijoiden (N=500) tulevalle työlleen asettamia päämääriä ja päämääristä muodostuvia orientaatioita. Laadulliset vastaukset analysoitiin aineistolähtöisellä sisällönanalyysillä. Suurin osa tulevista opettajista asetti työlleen välineellisiä päämääriä. Opettajan ammatin kautta opiskelijat pyrkivät löytämään merkityksellisyyttä omaan elämäänsä sekä tuomaan itselleen ja perheelleen taloudellista turvaa. Monille päämäärät olivat pedagogisia kasvun ja hoivan tavoitteita. Alle kolmannes päämääristä oli luokiteltavissa yhteiskunnallisiksi. Yhteiskunnalliset päämäärät liittyivät enimmäkseen yhdenvertaisuuden ja oikeudenmukaisuuden edistämiseen opettajan työssä. Sen sijaan ekologisen kestävyyden edistämiseen liittyvät tavoitteet olivat vain harvoin esillä. Tutkimuksessa ei havaittu eroja eri koulutusohjelmien opiskelijoiden välillä. Yhteiskunnallisesti suuntautunutta päämäärätietoista opettajuutta tavoiteltaessa on syytä kiinnittää huomiota sekä opiskelijavalintoihin että tapoihin vahvistaa yhteiskunnallista orientaatiota opintojen aikana.
Varhaiskasvatuksen ja perusopetuksen kulku kohti inkluusiota
Authors: Laakso Paula , Pihlaja Päivi , Silvennoinen Heikki
Published: October 2023

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan kuntien varhaiskasvatuksen ja perusopetuksen johtavien viranhaltijoiden käsityksiä inkluusiosta ja sitä, millaisia yhtäläisyyksiä ja eroja inkluusion toteuttamisessa on. Inkluusiolla tarkoitetaan jokaisen lapsen oikeutta osallistua varhaiskasvatukseen ja perusopetukseen yhdenvertaisesti. Yhdenvertaisuuden toteutuminen on jäänyt monessa kunnassa saavuttamatta, ja inkluusioon suhtautuminen on ollut kovin ristiriitaista. Artikkelin aineisto on kerätty eri puolilta Suomea haastattelemalla johtavia varhaiskasvatuksen ja perusopetuksen viranhaltijoita. Tutkimusmenetelmänä oli fenomenografia. Haastattelujen perusteella inkluusioon liitetyt merkitykset vaihtelivat ja osassa kuntia inkluusio jäi puheen tasolle. Inkluusion ymmärtäminen erityisopetusta laajempana, kaikkien lasten yhdenvertaisuutta kunnioittavana käsitteenä näyttäisi vielä edellyttävän aktiivisempaa toimeenpanoa.
Simulasi Jaringan Saraf Tiruan dengan Neural Network Fitting Tool (NFTool)
Authors: Prasetyo Yohanes Pracoyo Widi
Published: October 2023

Jaringan Saraf Tiruan (JST) merupakan model komputasi dengan mengadopsi jaringan sistem saraf manusia, jaringan ini tersusun dari neuron yang saling terhubung melalui sinapsis. JST digunakan untuk memecahkan berbagai masalah, seperti klasifikasi, regresi, dan pengenalan pola. Neural Network Fitting Tool (nftool) adalah alat yang disediakan oleh Matlab untuk membuat dan mengevaluasi JST dengan mudah. Nftool memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengatur topologi JST, memilih fungsi aktivasi dan pelatihan, serta mengevaluasi performa JST. Dalam penggunaannya, pengguna perlu memasukkan data pelatihan dan data validasi, dan menentukan jumlah lapisan dan jumlah neuron dalam setiap lapisan. Nftool juga dapat membantu pengguna dalam memilih parameter pelatihan, seperti kecepatan belajar dan momentum. Implementasinya, nftool bisa digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah regresi dan klasifikasi, namun pengguna perlu memahami konsep dasar JST dan memilih parameter yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan hasil yang akurat.
Study of the Chemical Composition and Biological Effects of Aromatic Waters in a Comparative Aspect
Authors: Burtseva Ye. V. , Katsev A. M. , Kuldyrkaeva E. V. , Mekhonoshina I. S. , Timasheva L. A. , Pekhova O. A.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Vegetable raw materials processing products are becoming very popular. Of particular value are the products of essential oil production – aromatic waters or hydrolates. Hydrolates are widely used as cosmetics because they contain a number of biologically active water-soluble components of essential oil, but unlike the latter they have a softer effect on the skin, which allows them to be used in their pure form.

Aim. To study the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of hydrolates.

Materials and methods. Hydrolates were used as objects of research of production JSC "AEMSZ" derived from plants: Lavandula angusifolia, Hyssоpus officinаlis, Sаlvia officinаlis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rosa damascеna × Rosa gallica. The composition was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Antibacterial properties of hydrolates were studied with the use of bioluminescent marine bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri F1 and recombinant test-bacteria Escherichia coli MG1655 (pXen7). The study of the antioxidant effect was carried out by the method of Fe3+-induced lipid peroxidation of egg lipoprotein suspension in vitro.

Results and discussion. It was found that salvia hydrolate contains α- and β-thujone, β-caryophyllene, α-terpineol; lavender hydrolate – camphene, linalool, linalyl acetate, geraniol, geranyl acetate; rosemary hydrolate – camphene, 1,8-cineol, β-pinene; rose hydrolate – phenylethanol, geraniol, citronelol, nerol; hydrolate hyssop – pinocamphone, isopinocamphone, spatulenol, β-caryophyllene. The antibacterial properties of the studied hydrolates were manifested in the inhibition of test bacteria bioluminescence and growth. Hydrolates of hyssop, lavender and rosemary were characterized by the greatest activity, rose and salvia had a lesser effect. It was also shown that hyssop and lavender hydrolates exhibited the bactericidal properties. Through the studying the antioxidant effect, the dynamics of accumulation of products of free-radical oxidation of lipids was observed, which in the presence of hyssop and rosemary hydrolates decreased by 40 and 36 %, respectively, in comparison with the control.

Conclusion. As a result of the research, it was found that the studied hydrolates have pronounced antibacterial properties. Antioxidant properties of Hyssopus officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis hydrolates were also revealed. Prospects for further research are the development of medicinal and cosmetic products based on the hydrolates of the above-stated essential oil cultures.
Prospero Homeobox 1 and Doublecortin Correlate with Neural Damage after Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Dong-Hun , Lee Eun Chae , Park Sang-Won , Lee Ji young , Kim Kee-Pyo , Oh Jae Sang
Published: October 2023

Objective : Markers of neuroinflammation during ischemic stroke are well characterized, but additional markers of neural damage are lacking. The study identified associations of behavioral disorders after stroke with histologic neural damage and molecular biological change.Methods : Eight-week-old, 25 g male mice of the C57BL/6J strain were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce ischemic stroke. The control group was a healthy wild type (WT), and the experimental group were designed as a low severity MCAO1 and a high severity MCAO2 based on post-stroke neurological scoring. All groups underwent behavioral tests, realtime polymerase chain reaction, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze statistical significance between groups.Results : In TTC staining, MCAO1 showed 29.02% and MCAO2 showed 38.94% infarct volume (p<0.0001). The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β was most highly expressed in MCAO2 (WT 0.44 vs. MCAO1 2.69 vs. MCAO2 5.02, p<0.0001). From the distance to target in the Barnes maze test, WT had a distance of 178 cm, MCAO1 had a distance of 276 cm, and MCAO2 had a distance of 1051 (p=0.0015). The latency to target was 13.3 seconds for WT, 27.9 seconds for MCAO1, and 87.9 seconds for MCAO2 (p=0.0007). Prospero homeobox 1 (Prox1) was most highly expressed in MCAO2 (p=0.0004). Doublecortin (Dcx) was most highly expressed in MCAO2 (p<0.0001).Conclusion : The study demonstrated that histological damage to neural cells and changes in brain mRNA expression were associated with behavioral impairment after ischemic stroke. Prox1 and Dcx may be biomarkers of neural damage associated with long-term cognitive decline, and increased expression at the mRNA level was consistent with neural damage and long-term cognitive dysfunction.
Avaliação de desempenho de rodovia utilizando a metodologia proposta no manual de pavimentação do DNIT: Estudo de caso da Avenida Jatobá, Sobral-CE
Authors: Morais Bianca Gomes , Holanda Roberto Pimentel , Lopes Elis Ferreira , Pereira Maurício de Sousa , Vasconcelos José Osmildo
Published: October 2023

A infraestrutura rodoviária brasileira desempenha um papel de destaque no desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país, tanto em nível regional como nacional. No entanto, o modal rodoviário enfrenta dificuldades relacionadas a falta de investimentos para ampliação da malha rodoviária ou manutenção preventiva e corretiva das rodovias em operação. O presente trabalho de pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros de desempenho do pavimento de uma rodovia. Para esse propósito, o Manual de Pavimentações do Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes (DNIT) de 2006 e os procedimentos adotados pela norma 008/2003 do DNIT foram os parâmetros norteadores para o desenvolvimento do estudo. A rodovia estudada, nomeada Avenida Jatobá, está localizada no bairro Cohab II, na cidade de Sobral, Ceará, Brasil. A partir dos levantamento de dados e estudos in loco, realizou-se uma análise de desempenho do pavimento, considerando diversos fatores como segurança, conforto e economia. Além disso, foi possível avaliar o estado de conservação do pavimento, bem como identificar os principais agentes que ocasionam patologias na rodovia, e dessa forma propor soluções para solucionar problemas detectados. O estudo mostrou que as patologias encontradas no pavimento poder ser oriundos de diversos fatores tais como: execução inadequada da obra, falta de manutenção preventiva, projetos ineficientes, entre outros. Os resultados do grau de agressividade que se encontra a rodovia mostram indícios que os defeitos chegaram às camadas estruturais do pavimento, sendo de suma importância realizar um ensaio de sondagem mais aprofundado para identificar uma medida mais segura e adequada. Por sua vez, seria necessário realizar a recuperação estrutural de todo trecho.
A violência doméstica no Brasil em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Santos Maria Fernanda Santa Rosa , Parreira Larissa Fonseca , Silva Amanda Viana Costa da , Araujo Brena Peqna de , Valladão Giovanna Arantes Romaniello , Oliveira Maria Clara Garcia de , Tamelini Sthefani Lima , Barros Gersika Bitencourt Santos
Published: October 2023

Introdução: A violência doméstica tem se mostrado endêmica no país e no mundo, sendo agravada pela pandemia de COVID-19. Isto porque medidas restritivas de convívio social foram impostas e muitas mulheres foram forçadas ao confinamento com parceiros violentos, resultando em um aumento das denúncias. Objetivo: Analisar a incidência da violência doméstica durante a pandemia no Brasil, através de uma revisão de literatura. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada em maio de 2023, foram encontrados 160 artigos nas bases de dados, sendo selecionados 13. Resultados: A partir dos resultados encontrados, foi possível observar que no decorrer da pandemia de COVID-19, houve um aumento significativo das queixas de violência doméstica no país, destacando-se o período de início do isolamento social. As vítimas mais prevalentes das ocorrências eram mulheres, evidenciando não somente os casos de violência psicológica e física, mas também aumento dos casos de feminicídio. Estudos também apontaram falhas da rede de combate a violência contra a mulher. Conclusão: Na pandemia do COVID-19 os casos de violência doméstica no país aumentaram. Esse tipo de agressão é um grave problema de saúde pública, tornando-se necessários maiores esforços para diminuir tal questão social.
The ‘Autographic Self’: Facsimile Signatures and Lithographic Portraiture at the Crossroads of Liberalism, Romanticism and Nationalism, c. 1800–60
Authors: Young Tom
Published: October 2023

This article traces the cultural history of a portrait format popularised through the global expansion of lithographic printing. This format combined a traditional portrait vignette with a lithographic facsimile of the sitter’s signature. Such ‘facsimile-autographed’ portraits evoked the notion that sitters had physically signed their own likenesses – testifying not only to the veracity of the depiction, but displaying an indexical trace of embodied agency. The article argues that this format afforded a particularly cogent way to conceptualise and communicate ideas about selfhood and society in liberal, romantic, and nationalist political programmes. Such lithographic portraits did not simply ‘encode’ or ‘reflect’ these new ideas, however, but were part of a technological revolution that decentralised the production of mass media and thereby reshaped the societies in which such novel ideas flourished. By connecting the various expressions of public selfhood found in facsimile-autographed portraits to the way lithography expanded audiences and reshaped modes of conceptualising public and private life over the course of the nineteenth century, this article argues that established scholarly concepts like the ‘romantic self’ or ‘liberal self’ might be reconsidered through a new, technomaterial heuristic: the ‘lithographic self’.
Epilepsy in patients with glioblastoma: Mechanisms of occurrence and problems of treatment (part 1)
Authors: Vasilenko A. V. , Ulitin A. Yu. , Lebedev I. A. , Ablaev N. R. , Dikonenko M. V. , Mansurov A. S. , Shaikhov M. M.
Published: October 2023

Glioblastoma-related epilepsy requires paying careful attention to a combination of factors with an integrated approach. Major interrelated issues must be considered in the seizure care of glioblastoma patients. Seizure control frequently requires the administration of antiepileptic drugs simultaneously with other treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, with complete seizure relief often being difficult to achieve. The pharmacological interactions between antiepileptic drugs and antineoplastic agents can modify the activity of both treatments, compromising their efficacy and increasing the probability of developing adverse events related to both therapies. This review summarizes the new pathophysiological pathways involved in the epileptogenesis of glioblastoma-related seizures and the interactions between antiepileptic drugs and oncological treatment, paying special attention to its impact on survival and the current evidence of the antiepileptic treatment efficacy, including the potential usefulness of new third-generation compounds.
Dijitalleşen Dünyada İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminin Değişen Fonksiyonu
Authors: KOCYİGİT Nezahat , KOCAOĞLU Mustafa , GÜDEK Beyza
Published: October 2023

Değişen dünya koşulları kurum ve kuruluşların yapılanmalarına, yönetim anlayışlarına ve süreçlerinin işleyişine etki etmektedir. Söz konusu değişimin yönetiminde klasik yönetim anlayışında dikkate alınmayan insan sermayesi, neo-klasik yönetim anlayışında motive edilmesi gerekli ilk etken olarak görülmüştür. Bu sayede personel yönetimi yerini modern yönetim süreçlerinde stratejik insan kaynakları yönetimine bırakmıştır. Rekabet edebilirlikte çağın teknoloji ve web tabanlı uygulamaları organizasyonlarda diğer tüm fonksiyonlar gibi insan kaynakları yönetimlerini de etkilemiştir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, günümüzün dijital dönüşüm sürecinde işletmeler için oldukça değerli bir rekabet aracı olan insan sermayesinin dijitalleşme ile değişen fonksiyonunu ele almaktır. Bunun için dijitalleşen insan kaynakları fonksiyonu dönüşüm hazırlığında olan bir kuruluşun kullandığı otomasyon incelenerek değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca birim sorumlularının görüşleri doğrultusunda çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular şu şekilde özetlenmiştir: Dijitalleşmede teknolojik araçlara, süreçlere veya bilgi sistemlerine yapılan yatırımlar yeterli değildir. Bu nedenle insan sermayesine yapılan yatırımların önemi, karar alma süreçlerindeki dönüşüm, bilgi işlem fonksiyonlarında alınacak aksiyonlar ve arttırılması gereken insan kaynakları fonksiyonunun işlevselliği başarılı bir dijital dönüşüm için önem arz etmektedir.
Assessment of Reputational Risk Management Maturity Levels of Banks
Authors: GEÇER Turgay , ÇAKALI Kaan Ramazan , BALOĞLU Gürol
Published: October 2023

Due to the nature of their activities, reputational risk is one of the main risks that should be managed for banks. Since corporate reputation is an intangible asset, it is extremely difficult to measure reputational risk. On the other hand, the maturity level of banks for the management of reputational risk is extremely important in terms of reducing the effects of reputational losses that may be exposed. The aim of this study is to develop a framework for evaluating the maturity level of reputational risk management in banks. For this purpose, based on the COSO Enterprise Risk Management Framework, the attributes that can be used in the evaluation of the reputational risk maturity level, the values related to these qualifications and the evaluation criteria for each attribute are defined. In addition, 5 different maturity levels were created for banks according to the total score obtained by combining the values calculated for each attribute, taking into account Bak and Jedynak (2023). This proposed framework can be used as a framework in which banks can evaluate themselves and legal authorities can evaluate banks in terms of determining the maturity level of reputational risk management.
Coğrafya Lisans Öğrencilerinin Enerji Tasarrufu ve Enerji Okuryazarlık Düzeylerine Dair Bir Araştırma
Authors: AYHAN Fatih
Published: October 2023

Artan nüfus, şehirleşme ve üretim faaliyetlerine bağlı olarak enerjiye duyulan ihtiyaç ve bağımlılık giderek artmaktadır. Ancak enerji arzının sınırlı ve kaynakların eşitsiz dağıldığı günümüzde enerji kaynaklarının yönetimi, üretimi, aktarımı, ticareti vb. unsurlar kimi zaman politik, siyasi, ekonomik çatışma ve krizlere sebep olmaktadır. Özellikle fosil enerji kaynaklarının aşırı tüketimi sonucunda ortaya çıkan çevre ve hava kirliliği insan sağlığını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Günümüzde ülkeler bilinçli enerji tüketimi ve tercihi yaparak enerjiyi verimli, etkin ve tasarruflu kullanma davranışlarını benimseyen enerji okuryazarlığı kazanmış toplumlara ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu amaçla okul öncesinden başlayarak yüksek öğrenime kadar her kademede enerjiye dair temel konular öğretim programında yer almaktadır. Aile, arkadaş, yakın çevre, yaşanılan yerleşim yerine ait kültür, eğitim durumu, iletişim imkânları, gelir seviyesi vb. etkenler enerji okuryazarlığını özellikle davranış seviyesinde önemli ölçüde etkiler. Ülkemizde coğrafya lisans programlarında enerjinin üretimi, tüketimi, dağılışı, stratejik önemi ile doğal çevre ve ulusal ekonomi üzerindeki etkilerine dair kazanımları kapsayan dersler okutulmaktadır. Bu bakımdan coğrafya lisans programında öğrenim gören öğrenciler ile bölüm mezunlarının enerji okuryazarı niteliğine sahip olması beklenmektedir. Yapmış olduğumuz çalışma Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü öğrencilerine geçerliği ve güvenirliği kabul edilmiş enerji okuryazarlığı ölçeği uygulanmış ve sonuçlar öğrencilere ait bazı demografik özelliklere bağlı olarak yorumlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda öğrencilerin sahip olduğu enerji okuryazarlık seviyelerinin yaşanan yer, sınıf düzeyi, anne-baba eğitim seviyesi gibi demografik bazı etkenlere göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Çalışma Hayatında Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayenin İş Tatminine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: COŞGUN ANDIÇ Fatma , KARACA Arzu
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, çalışma hayatında pozitif psikolojik sermayenin iş tatminine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada öncelikle pozitif psikolojinin tarihsel gelişimi, tanımı ve önemine yer verilmiştir. Ardından pozitif psikolojik sermayenin tanımı, önemi, alt bileşenleri, bireysel ve örgütsel faydalarına yer verilmiştir. Daha sonra iş tatmini kavramının tanımı, önemi, iş tatminini etkileyen etkenlere değinilmiştir. Araştırmanın devamında pozitif psikolojik sermaye ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişki açıklanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında pozitif psikolojik sermayenin iş tatminine etkisini ortaya çıkarmak için yürütülen araştırmanın evrenini 2021-2022 yıllarında Bursa’da otomotiv sektöründe çalışan bir grup oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada online anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu, “Pozitif Psikoloji Sermaye Ölçeği” ve “Minnesota İş Tatmini Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. 318 katılımcının katılımıyla elde edilen veriler istatistik paket programı ile incelenmiş ve tespit edilen bulgulara yönelik sonuç ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda çalışanların iyimserlik, psikolojik dayanıklılık, umut ve öz yeterlilik algıları ile iş tatmini düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde zayıf düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir.
The association between parity and hypertension: a cross-sectional, community-based study
Authors: Musa Imad R. , Osman Osman E. , Adam Ishag
Published: October 2023

Background

The available data on the association between parity and hypertension are inconclusive. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its association with parity among adult Sudanese women.

Methods

A multi-stage sampling survey was conducted in four villages in the River Nile State in Sudan between July and September 2022. The World Health Organization's three-level stepwise questionnaire was used to gather the participants' sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, marital status, parity, educational level, occupation, obstetric history, family history of hypertension, weight and height). Regression analyses were performed.

Results

A total of 408 women were recruited. The median [measured in terms of interquartile range (IQR)] age was 45.0 years (33.0–55.7 years). A linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between parity and diastolic blood pressure (coefficient, 0.60; P = 0.011). The prevalence of hypertension (55.9%) increased with parity and ranged from 43.7% to 74.9%. In the multivariate analyses, increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.05), increasing parity (AOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.19), family history of hypertension (AOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.15–2.77), and increasing body mass index (AOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05–1.13) were associated with hypertension. In women of ages ≥ 50 years, increasing parity was significantly associated with hypertension (AOR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.2–1.29). Para > 5 (AOR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.11–6.73) was associated with hypertension.

Conclusion

A high prevalence of hypertension was found among Sudanese women, and that parity at 5 or more is linked to hypertension.
Association between changes in predicted body composition and occurrence of heart failure: a nationwide population study
Authors: Woo Ho Geol , Kim Dong-Hyeok , Lee Hyungwoo , Kang Min Kyoung , Song Tae-Jin
Published: October 2023

Background

Large population-based studies on the association between changes in body composition and the occurrence of heart failure (HF) are rare. We aimed to determine the association between changes in body composition, including the predicted body fat mass index (pBFMI), predicted appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (pASMI), and predicted lean body mass index (pLBMI), and the occurrence of HF.

Methods

For present study, 2,036,940 people who consecutively underwent national health examinations from 2010~2011 (baseline period) to 2012~2013 (follow-up period) were included. The pBFMI, pASMI, and pLBMI were indirectly investigated using validated anthropometric prediction equations from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort. The outcome was defined as at least two or more claims of HF.

Results

During a median of 7.59 years of follow-up, 22,172 participants (event rate, 1.09%) with HF were observed. Decreased changes in the pASMI and pLBMI were associated with the occurrence of HF among males (hazard ratio [HR] 0.966, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.944-0.988]; HR 0.939, 95%CI [0.923-0.955], respectively) and females (HR 0.924, 95%CI [0.900-0.947]; HR 0.951, 95%CI [0.939-0.963], respectively). An increased change in the pBFMI was associated with the occurrence of HF in males (HR 1.017, 95%CI [1.001-1.034]). However, paradoxically, a change in the pBFMI was associated with the occurrence of HF in females (HR 0.925, 95%CI [0.909-0.942]).

Conclusion

Decreased skeletal muscle mass was related to the occurrence of HF. However, the relationship between a change in fat mass and the occurrence of HF was different and even paradoxical depending on sex.
Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 4: experience from a single reference center
Authors: Gatta Elisa , Anelli Valentina , Cimino Elena , Di Lodovico Elena , Piovani Elda , Zammarchi Irene , Gozzoli Giorgia , Maltese Virginia , Cavadini Maria , Agosti Barbara , Delbarba Andrea , Pirola Ilenia , Girelli Angela , Buoso Caterina , Bambini Francesca , Alfieri Daniele , Bremi Walter , Facondo Paolo , Lupo Roberto , Bezzi Francesco , Fredi Micaela , Mazzola Anna Maria , Gandossi Elena , Saullo Maura , Marini Fiorella , Licini Massimo , Pezzaioli Letizia Chiara , Pini Laura , Franceschini Franco , Ricci Chiara , Cappelli Carlo
Published: October 2023

Purpose

To characterize patients with APS type 4 among those affected by APS diagnosed and monitored at our local Reference Center for Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndromes.

Methods

Monocentric observational retrospective study enrolling patients affected by APS diagnosed and monitored in a Reference Center. Clinical records were retrieved and analyzed.

Results

111 subjects (51 males) were affected by APS type 4, mean age at the onset was 23.1 ± 15.1 years. In 15 patients the diagnosis of APS was performed during the first clinical evaluation, in the other 96 after a latency of 11 years (range 1-46). The most frequent diseases were type I diabetes mellitus and celiac disease, equally distributed among sexes.

Conclusions

The prevalence of APS type 4 is 9:100,000 people. Type I diabetes mellitus was the leading indicator of APS type 4 in 78% subjects and in 9% permitted the diagnosis occurring as second manifestation of the syndrome. Our data, showing that 50% of patients developed APS type 4 within the first ten years, don’t suggest any particular follow-up time and, more importantly, don’t specify any particular disease. It is important to emphasize that 5% of women developed premature ovarian failure.
Radiomics-based ultrasound models for thyroid nodule differentiation in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Fang Mengyuan , Lei Mengjie , Chen Xuexue , Cao Hong , Duan Xingxing , Yuan Hongxia , Guo Lili
Published: October 2023

Background

Previous models for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules(TN) have predominantly focused on the characteristics of the nodules themselves, without considering the specific features of the thyroid gland(TG) in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT). In this study, we analyzed the clinical and ultrasound radiomics(USR) features of TN in patients with HT and constructed a model for differentiating benign and malignant nodules specifically in this population.

Methods

We retrospectively collected clinical and ultrasound data from 227 patients with TN and concomitant HT(161 for training, 66 for testing). Two experienced sonographers delineated the TG and TN regions, and USR features were extracted using Python. Lasso regression and logistic analysis were employed to select relevant USR features and clinical data to construct the model for differentiating benign and malignant TN. The performance of the model was evaluated using area under the curve(AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis(DCA).

Results

A total of 1,162 USR features were extracted from TN and the TG in the 227 patients with HT. Lasso regression identified 14 features, which were used to construct the TN score, TG score, and TN+TG score. Univariate analysis identified six clinical predictors: TI-RADS, echoic type, aspect ratio, boundary, calcification, and thyroid function. Multivariable analysis revealed that incorporating USR scores improved the performance of the model for differentiating benign and malignant TN in patients with HT. Specifically, the TN+TG score resulted in the highest increase in AUC(from 0.83 to 0.94) in the clinical prediction model. Calibration curves and DCA demonstrated higher accuracy and net benefit for the TN+TG+clinical model.

Conclusion

USR features of both the TG and TN can be utilized for differentiating benign and malignant TN in patients with HT. These findings highlight the importance of considering the entire TG in the evaluation of TN in HT patients, providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making in this population.
Development of genomic phenotype and immunophenotype of acute respiratory distress syndrome using autophagy and metabolism-related genes
Authors: Xia Feiping , Chen Hui , Liu Yigao , Huang Lili , Meng Shanshan , Xu Jingyuan , Xie Jianfeng , Wang Guozheng , Guo Fengmei
Published: October 2023

Background

Distinguishing ARDS phenotypes is of great importance for its precise treatment. In the study, we attempted to ascertain its phenotypes based on metabolic and autophagy-related genes and infiltrated immune cells.

Methods

Transcription datasets of ARDS patients were obtained from Gene expression omnibus (GEO), autophagy and metabolic-related genes were from the Human Autophagy Database and the GeneCards Database, respectively. Autophagy and metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (AMRDEGs) were further identified by machine learning and processed for constructing the nomogram and the risk prediction model. Functional enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed between high- and low-risk groups. According to the protein-protein interaction network, these hub genes closely linked to increased risk of ARDS were identified with CytoHubba. ssGSEA and CIBERSORT was applied to analyze the infiltration pattern of immune cells in ARDS. Afterwards, immunologically characterized and molecular phenotypes were constructed according to infiltrated immune cells and hub genes.

Results

A total of 26 AMRDEGs were obtained, and CTSB and EEF2 were identified as crucial AMRDEGs. The predictive capability of the risk score, calculated based on the expression levels of CTSB and EEF2, was robust for ARDS in both the discovery cohort (AUC = 1) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.826). The mean risk score was determined to be 2.231332, and based on this score, patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups. 371 differential genes in high- and low-risk groups were analyzed. ITGAM, TYROBP, ITGB2, SPI1, PLEK, FGR, MPO, S100A12, HCK, and MYC were identified as hub genes. A total of 12 infiltrated immune cells were differentially expressed and have correlations with hub genes. According to hub genes and implanted immune cells, ARDS patients were divided into two different molecular phenotypes (Group 1: n = 38; Group 2: n = 19) and two immune phenotypes (Cluster1: n = 22; Cluster2: n = 35), respectively.

Conclusion

This study picked up hub genes of ARDS related to autophagy and metabolism and clustered ARDS patients into different molecular phenotypes and immunophenotypes, providing insights into the precision medicine of treating patients with ARDS.
Structure and functions of Mer, an innate immune checkpoint
Authors: Ubil Eric , Zahid Kashif Rafiq
Published: October 2023

Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic tool that promotes the elimination of cancerous cells by a patient’s own immune system. However, in the clinical setting, the number of cancer patients benefitting from immunotherapy is limited. Identification and targeting of other immune subsets, such as tumor-associated macrophages, and alternative immune checkpoints, like Mer, may further limit tumor progression and therapy resistance. In this review, we highlight the key roles of macrophage Mer signaling in immune suppression. We also summarize the role of pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes in tumor onset and progression and how Mer structure and activation can be targeted therapeutically to alter activation state. Preclinical and clinical studies focusing on Mer kinase inhibition have demonstrated the potential of targeting this innate immune checkpoint, leading to improved anti-tumor responses and patient outcomes.