bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mentorship in Radiography: an Indispensable Tool for Sustainable Healthcare Transformation
Authors: Chugozie I Nwobi , Luntsi Geofery , Nkubli Flavious B. , Moi Silas A. , Abubakar Matthew G.
Published: May 2022

Background: The concept of mentorship has gained widespread popularity in literature across different walks of life owing to the significant benefits attached to it.

Purpose: This paper intends to discuss the need for mentorship in radiography, as an indispensable tool for a sustainable healthcare transformation, taking clues from other health science disciplines and medicine.

Method: Authors reviewed relevant literature on the subject to have an in-depth and updated knowledge both in the health sciences as well as in other disciplines. Search engines such as Google Scholar, My Websearch, and data base such as Science Direct, Hinari, Taylor and Francis and Medknow were consulted. Several articles that discussed mentorship across various disciplines were reviewed. Those with ideas and concepts that fit into the purpose of the study were included.

Results: Several definitions and types of mentorship exist across different walks of life based on literature. However, we decided to adopt the definition of mentorship and types of mentorship by Feldman, who defined mentorship as a dynamic, reciprocal relationship in a work environment between an advanced career incumbent and a beginner, aimed at promoting the development of both. The uniform agreement across various disciplines is that mentoring is a crucial component of success. However, its application in radiography is inadequate.

Conclusion: In view of the apparent benefits accruable to mentorship globally, stakeholders in radiography should make mentorship a priority, if we must maintain our role in a sustainable healthcare transformation.
Comparison of Calculated Percentage Depth Doses at Extended Source-to-Surface Distance for 6 MV And 15 MV Photon Beam of a Linear Accelerator
Authors: Umar Ibrahim , Idris Mustapha M. , Abdullahi Mundi A. , Dlama Joseph Z
Published: May 2022

Background: Research findings from percentage depth dose (PDD) are crucial in evaluating patient doses received in radiation therapy.

Objective: To compare calculated percentage depth doses at an extended source-to-surface distance (SSD) for 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams of a linear accelerator.

Methodology: Measured PDD values of the 100 cm source to surface distance (SSD) and calculated values at extended SSDs for 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams of an Elekta NHA SLi 1998 linear accelerator were analyzed. The PDD data was collected by placing ionization chamber inside water phantom for depths ranging from z = 0 - 30 cm in a water phantom and using a square field sizes of 10 x 10 cm2. Photon energies of 6 MV and 15 MV were used for the measurement, with both gantry and collimator angles fixed at zero degree. PDD was calculated at extended SSD of 110 cm, 120 cm, 130 cm, and 140 cm from the measured PDD values of 100 cm SSD for both 6 MV and 15 MV photon energies using Mayneord factor.

Results:  The depth dose maximum (Dmax) for field size 10 x 10 cm2  for 6 MV and 15 MV photon energies were 1.62 cm and 2.65 cm, respectively and the PDD at 10 cm  (D10) were 67.9% and 75.9%, respectively. The mean deviation of the calculated PDD at extended SSDs was found to be between 0.2% and 1%.

Conclusion: The calculated PDD values at extended SSDs are considered suitable for clinical use at all clinically relevant depths and field sizes.
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Prevalence Among Clinical Radiographers in Teaching Hospitals in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Daniel Sunday Victory , Umar Mohammed Sani , Ahmad Nafiu Mohd , Joseph Zira Dlama
Published: May 2022

Background:  The components and activities within the scope of radiography practice pose high risks of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) to radiographers in the course of performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of WMSDs and identify the possible causes among radiographers within the study locality.

Methods: A validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all registered and licensed radiographers working in teaching hospitals within the region. The questionnaire contained 21 questions, divided into 3 sections; “A” captured demographic data; “B” captured educational qualifications and work experience; and “C” captured the prevalence, possible causes and responses to WRMSDs.

Results: The respondents were basically within the age range of 21 – 30 years (66.6%), with most of them being male. Most radiographers had clinical working experience between 1 to 10 years, and worked  between 6-8 hours and above daily, with a case load of 30 patients and above. The reported case of WRMSD was 93.3%. The major identified causes of WRMSDs were maintaining of prolonged static position (20%), and frequent bending and twisting (16.7%). This study showed no statistically significant correlation between gender and WRMSDs.

Conclusion: There was remarkable evidence of WRMSDs among the practicing clinical radiographers within the North-Western Nigeria.
Development and Optimization of Surface and Volume Radiofrequency Coils Suitable for Fast-Field-Cycling Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FFC-MRI)
Authors: Abubakar Umar , Broch Lionel , Ugwu Chukwuka Anthony , Audu Sadiq Abubakar , Danfulani Mohammed , Mohammed Abacha , Mohammed Abacha , Miftaudeen Nike Mutiat
Published: May 2022

Objective: To evaluate a modelling and design methodology employed in constructing and optimizing radiofrequency (RF) coils suitable for use with the whole-body fast-field-cycling Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FFC-MRI). It is also aimed at comparing the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the various types of surface RF coils constructed at the initial and final stages of this research.

Methodology: An experimental study carried out at Biomedical MRI Laboratory at University of Aberdeen. Various designs of RF coil were constructed, optimized and tested with network/signal analyser for use with an experimental FFC - MRI scanner, operating at a detection magnetic field of 0.2 T (proton Larmor frequency of 8.5 MHz). The coils comprised circular loop (CL) RF – receive surface coil and a birdcage RF – transmit volume coil.  The intrinsic parameters of the CL coils were measured using a search-coil field probe and a network/signal analyser.

Results: The CL surface coil constructed with copper wire had resonant frequency of 8.46 MHz and Quality factor (Q – factor) of 47.1 while the resonant frequency of the one constructed with litz wire was 8.54 MHz and Q - factor of 85.4 MHz. The intrinsic parameter of the birdcage volume coil was 8.48 MHz and Q - factor of 102.

Conclusion: Bench testing of the coils showed promise as receiver and transmit coils for the FFC-MRI system
Patient X-Ray Entrance Surface Dose at a Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, North-West Nigeria.
Authors: G.M Akpaniwo
Published: May 2022

Background: The entrance surface dose (ESD) has been used to determine the diagnostic reference levels (DRL) by regulatory bodies to help medical radiation workers to checkmate excessive dose to patients.

Objective: To peer review practice in our centre using recommended diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as standard.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of fifty x-ray patients who had thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) taped on their skin to quantify entrance surface dose (ESD) during x-ray investigation. The patients appeared in Radiology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto between 1st August and 30th September 2018. Their weights and heights were measured directly. Thereafter, they were divided into 5 groups of ten each for five specific anatomical areas: PA chest, AP of pelvis, abdomen, lumbosacral spine, and lateral lumbosacral spine. Irradiated TLDs were read, and the mean ESD was calculated.

Results:  Entrance surface dose (ESD) was 0.26 mGy (chest), 0.46 mGy (AP lumbosacral), 0.71 mGy (pelvis), 1.3 mGy (abdomen), and 1.6 mGy (lateral lumbosacral). The ESD values were found to be lower than similar studies carried out in Nigeria, as well as diagnostic reference levels in UK.

Conclusion: Optimization of patient protection in UDUTH was comparable to recommended practices locally and internationally.
"Você não morreu ainda?" - Narrativa, experência e memória a partir do massacre do Carandiru
Authors: Taets-Silva Adriana Rezende Faria
Published: May 2022

As narrativas de um evento de extrema violência elaboram um entendimento sobre uma experiência limite. É seguindo os fios tecidos pelas narrativas do Massacre do Carandiru, à luz da contribuição de autoras, como Veena Das (1999; 2007; 2011) e Carruthers (2011), que busco compreender as maneiras pelas quais sobreviventes do Massacre do Carandiru reconstruíram a experiência cotidiana e elaboraram memoriais sobre os mortos. Tendo como base de análise os livros Sobrevivente André Du Rap (do Massacre do Carandiru) (2001), de André Du Rap e Bruno Zeni, e Pavilhão 9 – Paixão e Morte no Carandiru (2002), de Hosmany Ramos, volumes que trazem a público narrativas do Massacre, realizou-se uma análise das narrativas produzidas a partir de uma etnografia da violência, de forma a buscar compreender os modos pelos quais foram elaboradas e os sentidos que carregam consigo, elaborando entendimentos pautados pela noção de experiência.
Left ventricular steal syndrome caused by multiple plexiform coronary artery fistulae: case report, literature review and treatment
Authors: Biyik İsmail , Akturk Ibrahim Faruk , Yalcin Ahmet Arif , Celik Omer , Uzun Fatih
Published: May 2022

Coronary artery fistulae (CAF) consist of termination abnormalities of coronary arteries. Here in, we present a case of multiple CAF and would like to discuss the treatment approaches of this type of CAF. A 62 years old woman presented with resting chest pain. Selective coronary angiography revealed cameral fistulae of all three coronary arteries to left ventricle (CA-LV). In the light of the worsening of angina under nitrate and dihydropyridine group calcium channel blocker therapy, reducing heart rate with a β-blocker and ivabradine in patients with sinus rhythm may be effective for angina control in treatment of CA-LV cameral fistulae.
The significance of transaminase ratio (AST/ALT) in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Djakpo Dodji Kossi , Wang Zhi Quan , Shrestha Merina
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Fernando De Ritis described the significance of the transaminase (AST/ALT) ratio in 1957, and since then it has been commonly used to screen liver diseases. The liver is sensitive to hemodynamic changes because it receives approximately one-quarter of total cardiac output. We aimed to investigate the AST/ALT ratio changes in patients with acute myocardial infarction without any history of liver diseases in the Chinese Han population.

Material and methods

We analyzed a total of 120 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the cardiology department of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2019 and June 2019. AST/ALT ratio of the first blood test was calculated for all patients.

Results

The mean De Ritis ratio (AST/ALT) was higher in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (3.2261 ±2.41379) than in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (2.2089 ±1.63177) patients. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

AST/ALT ≥ 2.0 has a strong association with total coronary occlusion. We might rely on this test to predict coronary occlusion without age difference.
Utility of the SYNTAX Score in the risk stratification of patients undergoing rotational atherectomy
Authors: Brzozowski Piotr , Bulak Luiza , Rakotoarison Oscar , Zimoch Wojciech , Kosowski Michał , Tomasiewicz Brunon , Telichowski Artur , Reczuch Krzysztof , Kübler Piotr
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The SYNTAX Score (SS) evaluates the angiographic complexity of coronary artery disease to assess the cardiovascular risk after coronary revascularization. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether SS results are associated with in-hospital and 1-year outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) requiring rotational atherectomy (RA).

Material and methods

We analyzed data of 207 consecutive patients who underwent PCI with RA. Patients were divided into two groups: those with high SS (> 33 points) and those with low/intermediate SS (0–33 points).

Results

In 21 (10%) patients SS was high and 186 (90%) patients had low/intermediate SS. Patients with high SS were older (76 vs. 71 years, p = 0.008) and more frequently diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (38% vs. 18%, p = 0.03) and heart failure (71% vs. 30%, p = 0.0001). In patients with high SS the RA procedure was longer (p = 0.004), required more contrast (p = 0.005) and higher radiation doses (p = 0.04), and contrast-induced nephropathy was more frequent (14% vs. 2%, p = 0.001).

Conclusions

In our RA patients there was no significant difference between the frequency of in-hospital and 1-year adverse cardiovascular events depending on the SS result. High SS correlates only with parameters describing the extensity and technical complexity of the procedure. However, the unavailability of other risk assessment tools in this population raises the need to create a new more specific risk score for patients requiring RA.
Protective effect of allopurinol in preventing
contrast-induced nephropathy among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mansoor Kanaan , Suliman Mohamed , Amro Mohammad , Malik Saad , Amro Ahmad , Curtis Zachary , El-Hamdan Mehiar , Ogu Iheanyichukwu , Aronow Wilbert
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third most common cause of iatrogenic acute renal failure and is triggered by administration of radiopaque contrast media. Periprocedural hydration is imperative in prevention of CIN, and uric acid has been recognized to have an integral role in development of renal disease. The aim of our study is to understand the efficacy of allopurinol in preventing CIN among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Material and methods

A literature search was performed on PubMed (Medline), Science Direct and Cochrane Library using a combination of Mesh terms. We limited our search to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and articles published in the English language. The PRISMA protocol was utilized to conduct this meta-analysis.

Results

Six studies were included in the final analysis. All included studies were clinical trials conducted between 2013 and 2019. A total of 853 patients were included. There was a significant reduction in the risk of CIN among patients who were pretreated with adequate hydration plus allopurinol (100 to 600 mg) compared to hydration only before undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (RR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21–0.73). A sensitivity analysis of studies using 300 mg of allopurinol only reported a significant reduction in CI-AKI compared to hydration alone (RR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.11–0.57).

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that Allopurinol is effective in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Larger clinical trials are warranted to better understand this effect.
The immediate effect of sacroiliac manipulation on hip strength in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome
Authors:   , Matkovich Grant
Published: May 2022

The aim of this investigation was to investigate whether an immediate objective increase in hip strength was observed after an ipsilateral sacroiliac manipulation in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome. The actions of hip flexion, extension, abduction and adduction were assessed. The study also investigated the patients’ subjective perception of pain due to the chronic sacroiliac syndrome before and after the manipulation. The proposed increases in strength would have been as a result of a reduction in arthrogenic muscle inhibition. Stimulation of nociceptors caused by the chronic sacroiliac syndrome would have lead to the presence of the arthrogenic muscle inhibition within the joint. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition has been described as an inability of a muscle group to utilise all its muscle fibres when performing a maximum voluntary contraction of that muscle group. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition is a joints natural response to pain, damage or distension within the joint. The response is an ongoing reflex inhibition of the muscles surrounding the joint in order to protect the joint. The inhibition of the surrounding musculature clinically manifests itself as a decrease in strength of the affected muscles. The decreased strength levels hampers rehabilitation of the affected joints as active exercise forms a vital role in the rehabilitation process. Current treatment options used to reduce arthrogenic muscle inhibition include lidocaine injection into the joint, cryotherapy and transcutaneous nerve stimulation. These treatments are aimed rather at the reduction of pain, joint effusions and atrophy of the related musculature than at the reduction of arthrogenic muscle inhibition. Recent studies have proposed that manipulation reduced arthrogenic muscle inhibition by causing excitation of the joint receptors, called the Wyke receptors. Stimulation of these joint receptors is thought to cause an alteration in the afferent input to the motorneuron pool resulting in a reduction of arthrogenic muscle inhibition. This study aimed to investigate whether sacroiliac manipulation could reduce arthrogenic muscle inhibition at the hip by assessing the immediate gains in hip muscle strength. The problem statement was to evaluate if an immediate subjective or objective change in hip strength was observed after an ipsilateral sacroiliac manipulation in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome.
A pilot controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of instrument manipulation in the management of symptomatic canine hip dysplasia
Authors:   , Meuwese Tamara Gien
Published: May 2022

The paucity of clinical research into the cause of canine hip dysplasia, efficacy and effects of the different treatment protocols available for the management of symptoms, as well as the differing presentations, has led to a continued variation in standardized care for this condition. The aim of this study was to contribute further information on the use of instrument manipulation as an alternative or adjunctive means of managing the symptoms of canine hip dysplasia. Both manual and instrument manipulation have effectively been used in the short-term management of human musculoskeletal pconditions, it was hypothesized that the use of instrument manipulation would benefit the canine patient. The use of human based studies was a guideline, as no previous chiropractic studies have been conducted on the canine subject.
The effectiveness of sacroiliac manipulation alone versus sacroiliac manipulation following ischaemic compression of gluteus medius trigger points in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome
Authors:   , Thompson Neil
Published: May 2022

In recent years, sacroiliac syndrome has been widely accepted by many different health professions as one of the major contributors to mechanical low back pain. Manipulation to effect the relief of the condition has thus far proven to be one of the most effective methods. However, comparatively little research has been done on the different forms of physical therapy that can be used in conjunction with a manipulation so as to maximise its effect. This study focussed on the use of ischaemic compression (a well-accepted technique for the treatment of myofascial trigger points) of the gluteus medius muscle.
Self Awareness Pada Kandidat Yang Berhasil dan Gagal Pada Kegiatan Wawancara Kerja
Authors: Ginting Maria Intan Sari Dewi , Simatupang Martina , Purba Ria Fitriyani
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran self awareness pada kandidat yang berhasil dan gagal pada kegiatan wawancara kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Subyek utama dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 10 orang dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut : 5 kandidat yang berhasil dan 5 kandidat yang gagal dalam kegiatan wawancara kerja. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa subyek memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan gambaran self awareness pada kandidat yang berhasil dan gagal pada kegiatan wawancara kerja yang berbeda dalam beberapa aspek. Subyek yang berhasil memiliki konsep diri yang positif, yakin dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki, memiliki harga diri yang positif, mampu menyesuaikan diri, mampu berinteraksi dengan baik di lingkungan, memiliki identitas diri yang positif, dan mampu menampilkan siapa dirinya yang sebenarnya. Sementara itu, pada subyek yang gagal biasanya memiliki konsep diri yang negatif, biasanya memiliki harga diri yang negatif, merasa malu akan dirinya, merasa benci pada dirinya sendiri, merasa dirinya kurang mampu, memiliki kecemasan yang tinggi, memiliki identitas diri yang negatif, merasa dirinya masih mempunyai banyak kekurangan, sehingga kurang berani menampilkan dirinya.
Penerapan BSP (Brainspotting Therapy) dalam menurunkan Kecemasan pada Penderita Dermatitis Atopik
Authors: Junita Nursan , Hafnidar Hafnidar , Anastasya Yara Andita
Published: May 2022

Dermatitis atopik adalah penyakit kulit inflamasi yang khas, kronis dan kerap mengalami kekambuhan. Penderita mengalami gatal, sakit pada kulit yang diperparah dengan garukan. Kondisi ini berdampak terhadap masalah psikososial seperti kecemasan. Penyakit ini genetik sehingga akan tetap dialami seumur hidup. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dibutuhkan cara untuk membantu penderita menurunkan kecemasan agar kekambuhan dapat terkontrol. BSP merupakan tehnik terapi untuk mengatasi emosi negatif seperti stress, trauma, cemas, malu, panik, dan rendahnya rasa percaya diri. BSP adalah sebuah metode “Brain-Body integrated based”, terapi yang menggunakan posisi mata, karena mata memiliki akses kebagian area sub kortika yang disebut area bawah sadar sehingga membantu proses healing. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian case report dengan tiga orang subjek wanita yang berusia 22 tahun dengan diagnosis DA. Ketiga Subjek diberikan SUD (Subjek Unit Disturbance) untuk melihat tingkat kecemasan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Sesi intervensi dilakukan sebanyak 4 sesi dengan waktu 45 - 60 menit menggunankan instrumen pointer. Penelitian menunjukan penerapan BSP efektif untuk kasus kecemasan pada Dermatitis Atopik. Subjek dapat insight baru dan hal ini membantu subjek mengontrol kecemasannya, sehingga kekambuhan tidak menyebar. Penelitian lanjut terkait coping penting untuk dilakukan untuk mengetahui berbagai coping yang dilakukan agar pencetus kecemasan tidak memperparah kondisi.
Gambaran Subjek Dengan Keluhan Respon Fisiologis Ketika Menghadapi Stresor Menggunakan Formulasi Kasus Ingram
Authors: Cahyono Ichwan , Surjaningrum Endang Retno
Published: May 2022

Dalam menangani kasus klinis, terkadang klinisi mendapati kasus yang tidak terpetakan dalam diagnostik psikiatri terstandard (seperti DSM IV, ICD-10, PPDGJ, dll). Selain itu diagnosis standard tidak menjelaskan penyebab yang mendasari masalah pasien dan treatment yang sesuai terkait penyebab tersebut. Formulasi kasus mampu mengisi kesenjangan antara diagnosis dan treatment. Formulasi kasus klinis merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan disorot dalam banyak buku dan artikel. Penelitian tentang penerapan formulasi kasus klinis belum banyak dituliskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan penerapan formulasi kasus klinis kepada Subjek dengan keluhan respon fisiologis ketika menghadapi stresor menggunakan formulasi kasus yang dikembangkan oleh Ingram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi (mixed-method) dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, scaling, dan alat tes psikologi (grafis, SSCT, dan CFIT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan formulasi kasus klinis terhadap Subjek dengan keluhan respon fisiologis ketika menghadapi stresor menggunakan formulasi kasus yang dikembangkan Ingram dapat membantu:

(1) merumuskan gejala atau masalah yang perlu diubah; (2) menyusun data dan informasi yang diperoleh;

(3) menyusun skema konseptual yang memberikan penjelasan; dan (4) mengambil keputusan treatment yang mengarah pada prosedur spesifik. Dengan demikian, penerapan formulasi kasus klinis yang dikembangkan oleh Ingram terbukti efektif untuk menangani Subjek dengan keluhan respon fisiologis ketika menghadapi stresor.
Hubungan Antara Dukungan Teman Sebaya dan Keharmonisan Keluarga Dengan Kenakalan Remaja
Authors: Saragih Ruth Sarah Julfrida
Published: May 2022

Penelitiani ini memiliki tujuan untuki mengupas serta menguji isecara nyata. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa SMK Negeri 8 Medani kelasi X sebanyak 168 responden. Instrumen penelitian iyang idigunakan ialah alat ukur dukungan teman sebaya yangi memiliki 40 butir (α = 0,903), alat ukur keharmonisan keluarga memiliki 36 pernyataan (α = 0,886) dan alat ukur perilaku menyimpang remaja sebanyak 38 butir (α = 0,925). iAnalisis idata digunakan tekniki regresii linieri berganda. Dilihat dari analisisi data, diketahui ibahwa hipotesisi yangi diangkat dalami penelitiani bisa untuk iditerima, dimana dikatakan terdapat ihubungan antara dukungan teman sebaya dan keharmonisan keluarga dengan kenakalan remaja. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa isemakin rendah dukungan teman sebaya dan keharmonisan keluarga imaka isemakin itinggi tingkat kenakalan remaja. Hipotesis ini diperkuat dengan perhitugani analisisi regresi linier berganda yang bernilai atau mempunyai koefisien (Rxy) = - 0,649 dan koefisieni determinani (R2) = 0,462 dengani p = 0,000 < 0,050. Artinya, dukungan teman sebaya dan keharmonisani keluargai sebanyak 46,2% membentuk ikenakalan iremaja. Selain itu, dilihat dari hitungan mean hipotetiki 95, mean empiriki 123,20 serta istandar ideviasi 12,786 kenakalan remaja siswa pada kategori yang tinggi, dukungan iteman isebaya mempunyai mean hipotetik 100, mean empirik 72,57 serta istandar ideviasi 16,616, dukungan teman sebaya dalam klasifikasi rendah. Selanjutnya keharmonisan keluarga mempunyai mean hipotetik 90, mean empirik 69,68 dan istandar ideviasi 17,977, keharmonisan keluarga siswa dalam kategori yang rendah.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KONSEP SISTEM EKSKRESI MANUSIA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW
Authors: FATIRANI HERNETA
Published: May 2022

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the use of the jigsaw type cooperative learning model in an effort to improve student learning outcomes on the concept of the human excretory system. The subjects in this study were students of class VIII A of SMPN 16 Hulu Sungai Tengah, totaling 23 people. Data about student learning outcomes in this study were obtained through the results of the final test using multiple choice questions. Data about student learning outcomes were analyzed descriptively based on test scores and student learning completeness. The results showed an increase in learning outcomes as indicated by an increase in the class average score from 70.43 in the first cycle to 86.52 in the second cycle. For completeness learning also increased when viewed from the individual mastery of 18 students who were assessed as having completed their studies increased to 22 people. Likewise, seen from the percentage of classical learning completeness from 78% to 96%. So it can be concluded that the jigsaw cooperative learning model can improve student learning outcomes on the concept of the human excretory system.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada konsep sistem ekskresi manusia. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A SMPN 16 Hulu Sungai Tengah yang berjumlah 23 orang. Data tentang hasil belajar siswa pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui hasil tes akhir dengan menggunakan soal pilihan ganda (multiple choice tes). Data tentang hasil belajar siswa dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan nilai tes dan ketuntasan belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas dari 70,43 pada siklus I menjadi 86,52 pada siklus II. Untuk ketuntasan belajar juga mengalami peningkatan jika dilihat dari ketuntasan secara individual dari 18 orang siswa yang dinilai tuntas belajarnya meningkat menjadi 22 orang. Demikian juga dilihat dari presentase ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal dari 78% menjadi 96%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada konsep sistem ekskresi manusia.
The Claude Glass: Views & Re-views
Authors: Keane Jondi
Published: May 2022

Because Performing the unNameable, edited by Richard James Allen and Karen Pearlman, raises so many issues and diverse questions, due to both its concept and realisation, it provides a good opportunity for a review to expand into a panoramic view. The extra room allows several contexts to be taken up on both generic and specific levels. Performing the unNameable

provides the specific issues such as: the premise of the anthology, the kind of artefact presented, and the relationship of the events to the book and the book to a reader. “Performance”, “documentation”and “writing” provide the generic contexts for thinking in the round. The panorama supplies both scope and detail that exceeds our ability to process it all in a single take or frame.
The Effect of Education and Training, Motivation and Discipline on Job Satisfaction and Performance of Makassar Industrial Training Center Alumni
Authors: Ronrong Hasnawaty , Mus Abdul Rahman , Dewi Ratna
Published: May 2022

Research objectives (1) To knowing and analyzing the effect of education and training on job satisfaction of Makassar Industrial Training Center alumni(2) For knowing and analyzing the influence of motivation on job satisfaction of Makassar Industrial Training Center alumni(3) For knowing and analyzing the influence of discipline on job satisfaction of Makassar Industrial Education and Training Center alumni(4) For knowing and analyzing the effect of education and training on the performance of Makassar Industrial Education and Training Center alumni (5) To determine and analyze the influence of motivation on the performance of Makassar Industrial Education and Training Center alumni(6) For knowing and analyzing the influence of discipline on the performance of Makassar Industrial Training Center alumni (7) To find out and analyze the effect of job satisfaction on the Makassar Industrial Education and Training Center alumni performance (8) To find out and analyze the influence of education and training on alumni performance through job satisfaction of Industrial Education and Training Center alumni Makassar (9) To determine and analyze the effect of motivation on employee performance through job satisfaction of Makassar Industrial Training Center alumni (10) To determine and analyze the effect of discipline on employee performance through job satisfaction of BDI Makassar alumni
This study uses a quantitative approach using a survey method with a total sample of 134 respondents. The study was conducted from September to December 2021. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of Amos Version 18.0. And SPSS Version 22.0
The results of this study indicate that: (1)Education and training have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (2) Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (3) Discipline has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (4) Education and training has a positive and significant effect on performance (5) Work motivation positive and significant effect on performance (6) Discipline has a positive and significant effect on performance (7) Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on performance (8) Indirectly education and training have a positive and insignificant effect on performance through job satisfaction (9) Indirectly, work motivation has a positive and insignificant effect on performance through job satisfaction (10) Indirectly, discipline has a positive and insignificant effect on performance through job satisfaction.

Keywords: Education, training, motivation, discipline, job satisfaction, performance.
Analysis of Student Character in Online Learning of Student Class IV Primary School
Authors: Abidin Al Gafur Muhammad Zainal , Sutarto Joko , Tri Atmaja Hamdan
Published: May 2022

Character education is an effort to encourage students to grow and develop with the competence to think and adhere to principles. So that character education can be applied through online learning. The character of the child here is very important to know the discipline of the child. The purpose of this study was to determine the process of character application during online learning that occurred at SDN Kadungmundu and SD Islam Al- Fajar in Semarang City. This study focused on the character of students in online learning. The method used is qualitative and the design used is descriptive analysis. The sample of this study was 4 students. There were three data collection techniques, there were in-depth interviews, observation, and documentary. Data analysis techniques data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions
The results of this study were that during the online learning process students have a disciplined character by following the rules that exist at school when offline and applied during online learning, students also collect assignments on time. Besides teachers, here the role of parents is also very important because it monitors students.
Suggestions from this study were the role of family, school, and social media must be carried out with control, direction, supervision and follow-up on every attitude and behavior of students who are not polite to be corrected immediately, and polite to always be maintained.

Keywords: Online Learning, Character.
Dental LASERs - Introduction and Implications in Dentistry: A Review Article
Authors: Chaudhary Shweta
Published: May 2022

Advancements in equipment technology has been one of the biggest revolutions of modern dentistry. One such equipment technology introduced in modern dentistry is LASER or “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.” LASERs were introduced in dentistry way back in 1960 by Miaman. He also explained both hard and soft tissue applications of LASERs. Some of the hard tissue applications include caries prevention, bleaching, cavity preparation etc. Soft tissue applications include wound healing, removal of hyperplastic tissue etc. Dental LASERs might cost a fortune but it’s an effective tool to increase the efficiency, ease and comfort of the dental treatment.

Keywords: LASERs, Dentistry, Dental Caries, Diagnosis, Management.
Beslenme Tarama Araçları
Authors: AKSU Hilal
Published: May 2022

Yetersiz beslenme, tüm dünyada büyük bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Yetersiz beslenen bireylerin saptanabilmesi için hastaneye kabul sırasında, hastanede kaldıkları süre boyunca ve hastanede dışında da sürekli olarak beslenme durumları değerlendirilmelidir. Beslenme durumunun geçerli bir tarama aracı ile taranması yetersiz beslenme durumu riski olan bireyleri saptama yöntemlerinden bir tanesidir. Bu tarama araçları uygulanabilirlik ve değerlendirme açısından hızlı, kolay ve basit olmalıdır. Aynı zamanda geçerli olmalı, yani tarama aracını uygulayan birey tarafından istenileni ölçmeli ve yetersiz beslenen ve yetersiz beslenme riski taşıyan hastaları saptayabilmeli; güvenilir olmalı, yani tarama aracını uygulayan bireyler farklı olsa da aynı hastada aynı sonuçlar elde edilmelidir. Halihazırda hastanede ve toplumda kullanılan birçok farklı tarama aracı bulunmaktadır. Bazıları daha karmaşık, bazıları daha basit, genel hastayı veya spesifik hastalıklar ile ilgili popülasyonu kapsayan ve bazı beslenme dernekleri tarafından önerilen tarama araçlarıdır. Bununla birlikte hangi tarama aracının kullanılacağı konusunda evrensel olarak kabul edilmiş bir altın standart bulunmamaktadır. Tarama aracına göre yetersiz beslenme riski saptanan hastaların beslenme sorunlarını belirlemek ve ölçmek için daha ayrıntılı bir yol olan beslenme durumu değerlendirilmelidir. Çoğu sağlık hizmeti ortamında, farklı nedenler ile yalnızca tarama yapılabiliyor ise bu kesinlikle tavsiye edilen tarama aracı ile uygun popülasyona uygulanmalıdır. Sistematik bir risk taraması hastanede kalış süresinde azalma, morbidite ve mortalitede azalma, ciddi komplikasyon gelişiminde azalma ve sağlık hizmeti maliyetlerinde azalma ile ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle beslenme taraması ve gerekirse beslenme değerlendirmesi, beslenmeyle ilişkili risklerin önlenmesi amacıyla herhangi bir hasta bireyin bütünleyici bakımının bir parçası olmalıdır.
COVID-19 Pandemi Döneminde Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sosyal Desteğin Stres Düzeyine Etkisi
Authors: POLAT Selda , DUR Şadiye
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemi döneminde üniversite öğrencilerinde sosyal desteğin stres düzeyine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın evrenini İstanbul ve İzmir’deki bir vakıf üniversitesi ve devlet üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bölümü öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Araştırma, 307 öğrenci ile internet ortamında anket yoluyla veri toplanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Stres Belirtileri Ölçeği (SBÖ) ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için bağımsız örneklem t testi, varyans analizi, Kruskal wallis testi ve korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin stres belirtileri toplam puanı 70.97±16.71 bilişsel duygusal belirtiler 31.52±8.42, fiziksel belirtiler 16.49±4.09, ağrı belirtileri ise 15.75±4.68’dır. Öğrencilerin algılanan sosyal destek ölçeği toplam puanı 58.24±16.65, aile desteği 20.36±5.67, özel insan desteği 19.61±6.18, arkadaş desteği ise 18.26±6.48’dır. Katılımcıların algılanan sosyal destek ile stres belirtileri arasındaki negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p
Flickan i pojkkläder – en märkvärdig historia om en flicka i det tidiga 1900-talets Stockholm
Authors: Söderlind Ingrid
Published: May 2022

Artikeln handlar om Sigrid, ett av många barn som under sin uppväxt i början av 1900-talet var placerad både i fosterhem och på institutioner. Sigrid rymde, vilket inte var helt ovanligt, exceptionellt är däremot att hon vid två tillfällen klippte håret och använde pojkkläder för att dölja sin identitet. En av gångerna levde hon en och en halv månad som pojke i Stockholm och arbetade som springpojke. Artikelns fokus ligger på de två rymningarna men berör även institutionsliv och fattiga barns uppväxtvillkor mer allmänt. Källmaterialet utgörs av handlingar från institutionerna. Artikeln knyter an till frågor om barn som aktörer och hur vi kan nå barns röster i historiskt källmaterial. Genusfrågor uppmärksammas utifrån vilka möjligheter som en förklädnad till pojke kunde skapa och hur omgivningen reagerade.
English abstract
The girl in a boy’s clothes – a remarkable story about a girl in early 20th century Stockholm
The article is about Sigrid, one of many children who at the beginning of the 20th century spent part of her childhood in foster and children’s homes. Sigrid ran away a few times, which wasn´t unusual, exceptional however is that she twice cut her hair and dressed in boys’ clothes to conceal her gender and identity. During one of these two occasions, she managed to live six weeks in Stockholm while working as an errand boy. The article focuses on these two escapes and discusses institutional life and poor children’s conditions more generally. Documents from two children’s homes constitute the source material. The text relates to children as actors and discusses how children as actors and their voices can be captured and made visible in historical sources. Gender is paid attention to with disguise as a point of departure – what was gained by wearing boys’ clothes and short hair and how did people respond?
Communication Strategies in the Light of Indigenous African and Chinese Values: How to Harmonize
Authors: Metz Thaddeus
Published: May 2022

Many values originating in Africa and in China, and ones that continue to influence much of everyday communication in those societies, are aptly placed under the common heading of “harmony.” After first spelling out what harmony involves in substantially Confucian China, and then in Africa, this article notes respects in which the Confucian and African conceptions of harmony are similar, an awareness of which could facilitate smooth communication. The article then indicates respects in which the Confucian and African conceptions of harmony are different, a lack of awareness of which could undermine smooth communication. The point of the article is to facilitate Sino-African communication by means of an awareness of indigenous moral-philosophical mindsets that continue to be salient in China and Africa, despite the influence of the West.
Improved Fletcher-Reeves Methods Based on New Scaling Techniques
Authors: Al-Saidi Amal
Published: May 2022

This paper introduces a scaling parameter to the Fletcher-Reeves (FR) nonlinear conjugate gradient method. The main aim is to improve its theoretical and numerical properties when applied with inexact line searches to unconstrained optimization problems. We show that the sufficient descent and global convergence properties of Al-Baali for the FR method with a fairly accurate line search are maintained. We also consider the possibility of extending this result to less accurate line search for appropriate values of the scaling parameter. The reported numerical results show that several values for the proposed scaling parameter improve the performance of the FR method significantly.
The Deubiquitylase USP5 Knockdown Reduces Semliki Forest Virus Replication in HeLa Cells
Authors: Nubgan Amer
Published: May 2022

Semliki Forest Virus (SFV), a member of the Alphavirus genus in the Togaviridae family, is a small-enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus. The virus is spread by mosquitos and can infect humans, resulting in mild febrile disease with symptoms that include fever, myalgia, arthralgia, persistent headaches and asthenia.  Virulent strains of SFV in mice cause lethal encephalitis by infecting neurons in the central nervous system. In on-going experiments in the research group using a focused siRNA screen we have investigated the role of deubiquitylases (DUBs) during SFV infection (as a model alphavirus) and monitored the effect of DUB depletion on cell viability after infection. We identified a group of DUBs that have a pro-viral effect. The DUB, USP5, from this screen was validated to determine its effect upon viral replication. Here, we show that depleted USP5 in HeLa cells resulted in SFV RNA and viral yield at 8 h post-infection being significantly reduced. In the multi-step viral growth curve assay, in the absence of USP5, similar yields of SFV were determined at 2 and 4 h post-infection. However, a significant reduction in the infectious viral particles release at 6, 8, 10 and 12 h post-infection was observed and this could be reversed by direct constraining viral replication. These results raise the potential for USP5 to play a distinct role in the replication of SFV, suggesting that USP5 may be a possible anti-viral therapy for alphavirus infection.
Determination and Comparison of CO2 and Air Pollutants Emitted From the Exhaust Gas of Selected Electric Generators
Authors: Oriakpono Obemeata E. , Ohabuike Uchenna Christian
Published: May 2022

The study is aimed at providing information on the composition of the exhaust gas and concentration of air pollutants that are generated by different commonly used electricity generators in an average Nigerian household. The generators used for this study were a 0.7 kVA petrol engine, a 2.5 kVA petrol engine and an 8.8 kVA diesel engine. The gases include: CO2, CO, SO2, NO2, NO, O3, Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC), Total Suspended Particles (TSP) and respirable and inhalable particulates (PM2.5 and PM10). The mean concentrations of the air pollutants measured for 0.7, 2.5 and 8.8 kVA generators respectively were as follows: NO had a value of 14.84, 15.8 and 21.84 ppm, NO2 had a value of 6.44, 4.14 and 5.54 ppm, NOx had a value of 21.27, 19.94 and 27.37 ppm, The mean concentration of the air pollutants recorded for 0.7, 2.5 and 8.8 kVA generators includes: 98.0, 60.24 and 0.00 ppm for SO2; 1006.67, 1391.54 and 69.80 ppm for CO; 1000.00, 1266.67 and 1733.34 ppm for CO2; 62.67, 362.34, 80.67 µg/m3 for O3 respectively. The mean value for TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 were 844.57, 1288.57 and 1249.00 µg/m3; 510.80, 763.04 and 760.74 µg/m3; and 333.77, 525.54 and 488.27 µg/m3 for 0.7 kVA, 2.5 kVA and 8.8 kVA generators respectively. Due to the high risk of health hazards and ecological impacts associated with the air pollutants, it is advisable to switch to alternative sources of electricity that are clean and environmentally safe.
Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC-FLD Method for the Determination of Biogenic Amines after Pre-column Derivatization with a New Pyrazoline Based Reagent, 3- Naphthyl-1-(4-trifluoromethyl)-5-(4-carboxy phenyl)-2-pyrazoline
Authors: Al-Kindy Salma Mohamed , Al Sabahi Amal , Al-Busafi Saleh , Varghese Beena , Osman Suliman FakhrEldin
Published: May 2022

Application of 3-Naphthyl-1-(4-trifluoromethyl)-5-(4-carboxy phenyl)-2-pyrazoline (NFCP) as a novel fluorigenic label for the derivatization of biogenic amines (BAs) and separation by liquid chromatography (LC) was investigated. Optimum conditions for the pre-column derivatization and chromatographic separation were investigated. The resulting derivatives are fluorescent at λex/λem: 380/460 nm. For the sake of evaluating the efficacy of the proposed analysis of BAs of different nature, the formation of nine NFCP-BAs derivatives was tested individually. Simultaneous derivatization and separation of four BAs (histamine, tyramine, tryptamine, and phenylethylamine) were achieved under the isocratic elution mode. Furthermore, the derivatives were identified by the characteristic product ion obtained during LC-MS/MS analysis. The viability of the method was established by measuring levels of histamine in fresh and spoiled fish samples. Histamine concentrations were found to be 0.4 µgg-1 and 4.1 µgg-1 in fresh and spoiled tuna fish samples respectively. As a simple, reliable, and sensitive pre-column derivatization method, this work provides for future research to develop a novel HPLC method for the analysis of BAs from food samples such as fish and various other matrices by utilizing the new pyrazoline compound.
Ability of Mental Motivation to Predict Academic Achievement among a Sample of Qassim University Students
Authors: Al Shraim Ahmad A.
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to explore the predictive ability of mental motivation for academic achievement, and test whether mental motivation among students vary with gender. The study sample consisted of 381 students from three faculties: education, science and Sharia from Qassim University. The California Measure of Mental Motivation was used. Student's cumulative rate was used as an indicator of academic achievements. The results showed a significant positive relationship between mental motivation and GPA with correlation coefficient = 0.54. Mental motivation proved to be a good predictor of the GPA with an explained variance of 19%. Significant differences in mental motivation were found between different specializations. However, there were no significant differences between males and females or interaction between specialization and gender.