bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructural changes in Oxisols under long-term different management systems
Authors: Ngolo Aristides Osvaldo , Oliveira Fábio Soares de , Oliveira Maurílio Fernandes de , Fernandes Raphael Bragança Alves
Published: November 2023

There has long been a discussion about the effects of soil management on its structure. Since changes can occur due to management and time of use, more accurate assessments can be achieved if carried out in long-term experiments. This study investigated the long-term effects of soil management on the physical quality of a Cerrado Oxisol (Latossolo Vermelho), focusing on microstructural changes. Micromorphology and computed tomography techniques were used to assess the soil's microstructure. The study compared areas under long-term and different soil management practices, including disc plowing, no-tillage, and disc harrow+subsoiler. A native Cerrado area was considered as the reference. Micromorphology revealed some changes in the pedological features of soil aggregates, but the granular structure showed good resistance even after two decades of use and management. It also indicated a decrease in larger pores and an increase in the surface soil layer micropores for the disc plowing and no-tillage treatments. These results were consistent with traditional laboratory evaluations of soil porosity. Computed tomography was limited due to increased soil bulk density in the cultivated treatments, but it showed potential for assessing soil porosity and pore connectivity. We concluded that micromorphology effectively identifies microstructural changes in Oxisols with small and strong granular structures, and the granular soil aggregates displayed resilience even after long-term management. The micromorphometric evaluation corroborates with traditional methods and suggests loss of pores associated with the disc harrow+subsoiler treatment.
GINGER AS AN ANIMAL FEED ADDITIVE: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Siregar R.S. , Widiyastuti Y , Siregar M.S. , Silalahi M
Published: November 2023

Ginger is a natural alternative to antibiotics and is safe for animal and human health. Its use has been reported as an animal feed additive without triggering antibiotic resistance or residues in products. Ginger contains a number of active compounds, viz., terpenes, oleoresin, zingiberol, zingiberone, zingiberene, gingerol, shogaol, zingerone, and paradol, which function as antioxidants, natural antibiotics, and immune stimulants to support animal health and growth. This article employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) method by identifying articles from various scientific report source databases, viz., PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Elsevier. The articles and reports (n=130) were selected between the years 2014 to 2021. The literature survey findings revealed that ginger is a natural alternative to antibiotics that can increase the growth and productive efficiency of poultry, ruminant, and aquaculture. The use of ginger as a feed additive can support organic farming activities to protect the environment, humans, and animals, thereby potentially increasing the sustainability of the animal production sector.
Keywords: Aquaculture, ginger, phytogenic feed additives (PFA), poultry, ruminants, Zingiber officinale Roscoe.
EFFECTS OF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND TAPPING SYSTEM ON LATEX AND DRY RUBBER YIELDS OF RUBBER TREE CLONE RRIT 251
Authors: Wiangsamut B , Koolpluksee M , Makornpas C , Chaichuay C , Chaichuay R , Wiangsamut M.E.L
Published: November 2023

The cultivation of Hevea brasiliensis, as the main source of natural rubber, is facing the tapping labor shortage and low dry rubber yield problems. Management practices and tapping system could nevertheless remedy these constraints. Accordingly, the study aimed to assess the latex and dry rubber yields of rubber trees clone RRIT 251 under different irrigation with fertilizer management methods and rubber tapping systems. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, 4 replications with 3 rubber trees per replication. Two main plot treatments: 1) application of irrigation combined with chemical and organic fertilizers treatment (IF) and; 2)no-irrigation-fertilizer treatment (NIF). Four subplot treatments: 1) (10 cm)S.d/3+ET – tapping 10 cm long of trunk girth (at 45° angle) above an installed bag of ethylene, for 1 day with 2 days interval; 2) (1/2)S.d/2 – tapping half of trunk girth every other day; 3) (1/2)S.2d/3, tapping half of trunk girth for 2 days with 1 day interval (the practice of most para rubber farmers) and; 4) (1/2)S.3d/4, tapping half of trunk girth for 3 days with 1 day interval. The controlled treatment was a combination treatment of NIFx (1/2)S.2d/3. The results showed that both IFx (10 cm)S.d/3+ET and IFx (10 cm)S.d/3+ET combination treatments had significant effects (P≤0.01) in enhancing latex weight per tree, dry rubber weight per tree, latex yield, and dry rubber yield higher than the controlled treatment. IF treatment had a significant effect (P≤0.01) in enhancing latex weight per tree, dry rubber weight per tree, latex yield, and dry rubber yields higher than NIF treatment. Rubber tapping system under (1/2)S.3d/4 had a significant effect (P≤0.01) in enhancing latex weight per tree, dry rubber weight per tree, latex yield, and dry rubber yield while it was significantly (P≤0.01) low under (1/2)S.d/2 as compared with the practice used of most farmers—(1/2)S.2d/3. It is concluded that the application of ethylene under IFx (10 cm)S.d/3+ET management is a better innovation and technology attributable to having 45% less time and less bark area consumed for tapping but with increased dry rubber yield, while IFx (1/2)S.2d/3 spent more time to increase the dry rubber yield, as compared with the controlled treatment.
Keywords: Ethylene, Fertilizer, Irrigation, Latex, Rubber
TRANSMISSION OF ALFALFA MOSAIC VIRUS THROUGH SUBCOCCINELLA VIGINTIQUATUORPUNCTATA (L.) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) IN ALFALFA GROWING AREAS IN TÜRKİYE
Authors: Baris A , Morca A.F. , Alkan M
Published: November 2023

Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. (Fabaceae: Leguminosae) is an important fodder crop due to its highly nutritious animal feed and potential to adapt various environmental conditions. The average alfalfa yield in Türkiye is considerably higher than the world's average. Several diseases and pests exert negative impacts on alfalfa yield. This study investigated the status of the alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and the presence of insect species that could be new vectors for AMV in the alfalfa growing areas of Zonguldak and Bartın provinces in Türkiye. AMV is non-persistently transmitted by aphid species, but it is also known to be transmitted by pollen and seeds. The most prevalent harmful insect species in the studied area were Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Gonioctena fornicata (Brüggeman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The AMV was prevalent in the tested plants at a rate of 85.00%, with infection rates of 80.55% in mature larvae of S. vigintiquatuorpunctate, 80.00% in pupae, and 96.77% in adults. When looking at the relationship of AMV with common pest species, AMV was not detected in all life stages of G. fornicata. In contrast, AMV was detected in all life stages of S. vigintiquatuorpunctata except eggs. This study is the first in the world to detect the presence of AMV in S. vigintiquatuorpunctata. However, further studies are needed to determine whether S. vigintiquatuorpunctata transmits AMV persistently, semi-persistently, or non-persistently.
Keywords: Forage crops, 24-spot ladybird, Molecular detection, Insect Vector, Prevalence
AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF Phoenix dactylifera EXTRACT ON MORPHINE-INDUCED DAMAGE OF SPERM QUALITY AND TESTICULAR HISTOLOGY IN RATS
Authors: Haswani H.N. , Hashida N.H. , Faridah S , Eliza H , Amirah B
Published: November 2023

Forty Sprague-dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups; Control, rats were forced feed with distilled water, 35 days; Morphine, rats were intramuscularly injected with morphine (20 mg/kg), 7 days; P. dactylifera (date), rats were forced feed with date aqueous extract, 28 days, and Morphine-P. dactylifera, rats were injected with morphine (20 mg/kg), the first 7 days and forced feed with date aqueous extract, another 28 days. The testis and epididymis were harvested for histological and sperm parameter analysis. The Morphine- P. dactylifera group showed significantly higher sperm count (109.30 ± 5.01 x 106 sperm/ml) and motility (72.80 ± 4.48 x 106 sperm/ml) than the morphine group (P < 0.05). Significantly higher normal and lower abnormal sperm were observed in the Morphine- P. dactylifera group in comparison to the Morphine group. Higher in life sperm (90.50 ± 0.00 %) and lower in dead sperm (9.50 ± 0.00 %) were also observed in the Morphine- P. dactylifera group than the Morphine group. Testicular cells were found to be significantly higher in Morphine- P. dactylifera group as compared to the Morphine group. These research findings have provided additional information on the beneficial effect of P. dactylifera to ameliorate the damages caused by morphine on sperm parameters and testicular histoarchitecture. Thus, this study may suggest the potential use of P. dactylifera as a supplement to improve male reproductive functions.
Keywords: Phoenix dactylifera, morphine, sperm, testis, rats.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PJBL PADA MATA PELAJARAN PKN KELAS III DI SDN 104211 MARINDAL KECAMATAN MEDAN AMPLAS
Authors: Wulandari Ratih , Barus Ulian
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine the improvement in Civics learning outcomes on theme 1 (growth and development of living things) sub-theme 1 (characteristics of living things) in class III students at SDN 104211 Marindal in the 2023 academic year. This research is a type of classroom action research (CAR). ) which consists of three cycles and four stages. Each cycle includes planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This stage is a cycle that takes place repeatedly and is carried out with the same steps and is focused on the project based learning (PjBL) learning model. The subjects of this research are teachers (researchers) who conduct research in implementing the project based learning (PjBL) learning model. The data collection technique used is observation while students are following the learning process and using tests in the form of questions carried out at the end of the cycle as well as documentation during learning activities. The results of this research show that there is an increase in students' Civics learning outcomes using the project based learning (PjBL) learning model in each cycle. This increase can be seen looking at the cycles that have been carried out. In the first cycle, student learning outcomes reached 65.38% of 26 students, only 17 students completed. Furthermore, in cycle II there was an increase in learning outcomes reaching 76.92% completeness and only 6 were incomplete. Furthermore, in cycle III there was an increase in learning outcomes reaching 92.30% and only 2 were incomplete. The conclusion of this research is that efforts to use the project based learning model can improve Civics learning outcomes for class III students at SDN 104211 Marindal.
Juridical Review of Court Decision Number 13/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PT.Pbr for Criminal Sanctions Against Children who Store and Control Methamphetamine-Type Narcotics
Authors: Nugroho Dhandi Setyo , Gunawan Yusuf
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study is to analyze and understand the criminal responsibility and safeguarding mechanisms for minors engaged in drug possession and control, as demonstrated by Court Decision Number: 13/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PT.Pbr. Normative juridical research methodology is applied, analyzing the interactions between relevant analyses and the relevant laws. The following is the formulation of the research problems: 1) How does the law govern the criminal penalties meted out to minors who use or possess drugs like Methamphetamine-type narcotics? and 2) According to Court Decision Number: 13/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PT.Pbr, what are the criminal penalties for kids who own and handle drugs like Methamphetamine-type narcotics? This research concludes, in the framework of the law, that isolating children when there are no other options has detrimental effects, including an ineffective rehabilitation process later on, particularly when the juvenile system and sanction system are applied to the children. The Juvenile Criminal Justice System (SPPA) and its implications, which call for the engagement of law enforcement in the resolution of juvenile cases, require special attention. The five pillars of sincere attempts to shield kids from drug abuse include providing legal protection and supervision for kids.
Legal Sanctions Against Perpetrators of People/Exit Smuggling Crimes Indonesia Region (Study of Court Decision Number 550/Pid.Sus/2020/PN Bks)
Authors: Suandewi Ni Kadek , Fitriyantica Agnes , Nachrawi Gunawan
Published: November 2023

The crime of people smuggling is a phenomenon that often occurs, where someone secretly brings in or out both people and goods from within the country with a certain background. Smuggling is a term that is usually intended for people or groups, for profit, to move people illegally against the law to cross the borders of a country. The research method that the writer uses is a normative juridical method, namely analyzing the relationship between the applicable laws and regulations with legal theories and the practice of implementing positive law concerning the issues discussed. Based on the results of the research, the authors conclude that the application of criminal sanctions against the perpetrators of the crime of smuggling people/people outside the territory of Indonesia, refers to the provisions of Article 120 paragraph (1) of Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration, as the decision of the Bekasi District Court the judge refers to Article 120 paragraph (1) of Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration so that the defendant was sentenced to imprisonment for 7 (seven) years and a fine of Rp. 1,000,000,000.- (one billion rupiah) subsidiary 3 (three) months in prison.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PEMESANAN TIKET BUS PADA PO. HANDOYO BERBASIS ONLINE
Authors: Setiawan Sianturi Julianto Simatupang,
Published: November 2023

Di tengah perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang sangat pesat ini, pemesanan tiket bus masih banyak dilakukan secara manual, cara ini kurang efektif dan efisien. Pada umumnya, prosedur atau metode yang digunakan saat ingin membeli tiket bus adalah datang langsung ke loket yang ada di terminal ataupun pada agen. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah penumpang sering kehabisan tiket pada saat datang ke loket karena kurangnya informasi tentang jadwal keberangkatan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan mengenai sistem pemesanan tiket bus yang sampai saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual. Tujuannya untuk membangun sistem informasi pemesanan tiket berbasis online, dengan menerapkan siklus hidup pengembangan sistem yaitu metode waterfall. Dengan adanya sistem informasi pemesanan tiket bus ini diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang terjadi dan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas agar pelayanannya menjadi lebih baik dibanding dengan sistem yang terdahulu.
The Twentieth International Geographical Congress
Authors: Střída Miroslav
Published: November 2023

The Czechoslovak participation in the London Congress (July 1964) was larger and more active than in the past congresses. Sixteen geographers from various universities and geographical institutes took part in the XXth International Geographical Congress. They worked in 9 commissions and in all sections, presenting there nine reports. The members of the Congress were presented by the Czechoslovak National Committee for Geography with five special publications (see list of literature) which met with considerable interest. Czechoslovak works appeared at the International Exhibition of Thematic Maps, and at the exhibitions of National Atlases, Land Use Maps, and Population Maps. The strong representation of our geographers provided for a broad participation in IGU Commissions; our geographers work recently in the Commission on the Evolution of Slopes, on National Atlases, Periglacial Morphology, Methods of Economic Regionalization, Medical Geography, Applied Geomorphology, World Land Use Survey, Geography and Cartography of World Population, Agricultural Typology, and on Applied Geography. The XXXth Congress in London made possible to get a view of recent tendences in geography in the world, marking the way which should be taken by the geographical science for its development even in Czechoslovakia. This can be characterized by further penetration of geography into practical life, use of quantitative methods, perfection of representation methods in cartography, and complex regional and thematic research of the territory of the countries concerned and of developing countries, whose own geography is not yet ready to deal with that task. It is necessary now that the Czechoslovak National Committee for Geography may start as soon as possible the preparations for a good representation of our geography at the XXIst Geographical Congress in India.
The Evolution of Safety and Security Literature in Event Management
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano E.
Published: November 2023

The evolution of safety and security literature has been notably accompanied with the rise of modern terrorism, above all after the attacks to World Trade Center in 2001. This was the first bloody incident where four commercial airplanes have been weaponized against the most powerful
nation in the planet. Like the recent COVID-19 pandemic, 9/11 has changed not only geopolitics but travel behavior as never before. In this grim context, the present conceptual article focuses and examines the evolution of safety???security literature head by Event Management, as
fertile ground in Event Management and Tourism studies, because of terrorism. We identify three academic schools that in different stages make a seminal contribution to the studied field.
Exploring the challenges and benefits of online youth-led nutrition programs
Authors: Meng Yu , Neelon Marisa , LePage Nancy , Louie Brandon , Erbstein Nancy
Published: November 2023

Nutrition educators at the University of California Cooperative Extension (UCCE) have been engaging low-income youth in youth-led participatory action research (YPAR) for several years. During COVID-19, these educators transitioned from in-person to online YPAR programming. Delivering the YPAR program online presented challenges but also fostered new strategies and provided benefits. This study assesses the challenges, strategies and benefits of online YPAR programming, and it examines future program implications from the perspectives of both nutrition educators and youth. Qualitative interviews were conducted via Zoom with eight nutrition educators who attempted to implement YPAR programming during the 2020–2021 school year. We used a retrospective Qualtrics survey to gain information from 54 youth participants. We found that online facilitation encouraged the innovative use of technology, which was especially important because it allowed teams to connect with each other during tumultuous times. This online format made meetings easier in terms of planning, documentation and logistics. However, the online format presented particular challenges, such as coping with internet and technology difficulties and trying to sustain authentic engagement among participants without in-person interactions. Consequently, 50% of nutrition educators and 45% of youth respondents said they preferred a mix of in-person and online meetings for future YPAR programming.
High species diversity in Diaporthe associated with citrus diseases in China
Authors: Xiao X.E. , Liu Y.D. , Zheng F. , Xiong T. , Zeng Y.T. , Wang W. , Zheng X.L. , Wu Q. , Xu J.P. , Crous P.W. , Jiao C. , Li H.Y.
Published: November 2023

Species in Diaporthe have broad host ranges and cosmopolitan geographic distributions, occurring as endophytes, saprobes and plantpathogens. Previous studies have indicated that many Diaporthe species are associated with Citrus. To further determine the diversity
of Diaporthe species associated with citrus diseases in China, we conducted extensive surveys in major citrus-producing are as from 2017–2020. Diseased tissues we recollected from leaves, fruits, twigs, branches and trunks showing a range of symptoms including melanose, dieback,
gummosis, wood decay and canker. Based on phylogenetic comparisons of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS), calmodulin(cal), histoneH3(his3), translation elongation factor1-alpha (tef1) and beta-tubulin (tub2), 393 isolates from 10 provinces
were identified as belonging to 36 species of Diaporthe, including 32 known species, namely D. apiculata, D. biconispora, D. biguttulata, D. caryae, D. citri, D. citriasiana, D. compacta, D. discoidispora, D. endophytica,
D. eres, D. fusicola, D. fulvicolor, D. guangxiensis, D. hongkongensis, D. hubeiensis, D. limonicola, D. litchii, D. novem, D. passifloricola, D. penetriteum, D. pescicola, D. pometiae, D. sackstonii,
D. sennicola, D. sojae, D. spinosa, D. subclavata, D. tectonae, D. tibetensis, D. unshiuensis, D. velutina and D. xishuangbanica, and four new species, namely D. gammata , D. jishouensis, D. ruiliensis and
D. sexualispora. Among the 32 known species, 14 are reported for the first time on Citrus, and two are newly reported from China. Among the 36 species, D. citri was the dominant species as exemplified by its high frequency of isolationand virulence. Pathogenicity
tests indicated that most Diaporthe species obtained in this study were weakly aggressive or non-pathogenic to the tested citrus varieties. Only D. citri produced the longest lesion lengths on citrus shoots and induced melanose on citrus leaves. These results further demonstrated
that a rich diversity of Diaporthe species occupy Citrus, but only a few species are harmful and D. citri is the main pathogen for Citrus in China. The present study provides a basis from which targeted monitoring, prevention and control measures can be developed.
Analisis Fenomenologi Tagar #AnalogSwitchOff terhadap Polarisasi Media Sosial Twitter pada Generasi Z
Authors: Fadhillah Della , Sari Dianita , Zahrani Aulia Najla , Safitri Dini
Published: November 2023

Twitter is a social media platform that allows its users to share messages using a special feature called hashtag. These features allow users to expand the reach of their tweets and attract more followers. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of the hashtag #AnalogSwitchOff and its impact on polarization on Twitter. The research method used is a qualitative approach with phenomenological analysis techniques. The data used are tweets that use the #AnalogSwitchOff hashtag during a certain period, as well as data from in-depth interviews with eight active Twitter users. The results of the study show that the #AnalogSwitchOff hashtag triggers polarization among Twitter users, especially in terms of political and social differences. This hashtag is also used as a means of expressing opinions and criticism of government policies regarding broadcasting digitization. This study provides a deeper understanding of the use of hashtags in influencing public opinions and views on Twitter.
Keywords: Twitter, social media, hashtag, polarization, #AnalogSwitchOf
Understanding Event Management through Public Relations Prisms: The Implications and the Emerged Paradigms
Authors: CHUKWU Obinna Johnkennedy
Published: November 2023

Purpose: As a crucial component of public relations, event management has evolved significantly over the years, presenting numerous challenges and opportunities for organizations. This paper explores the intricate relationship between event management and public relations, analyzing its implications and examining the emerging paradigms in this dynamic field. The paper delves into the fundamental connection between event management and public relations. It highlights how events are a powerful tool for organizations to enhance their brand image, engage with key stakeholders, and achieve strategic communication objectives.Methodology: Through an extensive literature review, the paper elucidates the role of event management in fostering brand recognition, reputation management, and relationship building. Furthermore, the paper scrutinizes the implications of effective event management on organizational success.
Findings:It examines how well-executed events can strengthen stakeholder trust, increase media visibility, and generate positive public sentiment. An essential aspect of this paper involves exploring the emerged paradigms in event management through public relations prisms.
Implication:The paper identifies and analyzes contemporary trends and innovative approaches that have reshaped event planning and execution; this includes integrating technology and digital platforms to enhance event experiences, leveraging social media for real-time engagement and amplification, and adopting sustainability practices to align events with environmental and social responsibilities.
Audience Perception of Broadcast Media Coverage of the Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Women in Rural Communities in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: ROSEMARY Ikeme , CHUKWU Obinna Johnkennedy
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study examines audience perception of broadcast media coverage of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on women in rural communities in Edo State. The researcher embarked on this study with the intent of achieving three objectives, and based on the objectives of the study, three research questions were formulated to serve as a guide for this study.Methodology: The study is anchored on the attitude change theory, and data was collected through the secondary data collection method. Findings show that Women in rural areas have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic, as they often face unique challenges such as limited access to healthcare, education, and economic opportunities.Findings:These challenges have been exacerbated by COVID-19 and the measures implemented to contain its spread, such as lockdowns and travel restrictions. This study recommends that broadcast media coverage of the effects of COVID-19 on women in rural communities should focus on human stories that resonate with the audience.Implication:It can be achieved by featuring real-life women from rural communities affected by the pandemic. The media can showcase how COVID-19 has impacted these women, their challenges, and how they cope. By highlighting individual stories, the media can make the issue more relatable to the audience, which will help to increase engagement and understanding.
From Halos to Galaxies. VII. The Connections between Stellar Mass Growth History, Quenching History, and Halo Assembly History for Central Galaxies
Authors: Lyu Cheqiu , Peng Yingjie , Jing Yipeng , Yang Xiaohu , Ho Luis C. , Renzini Alvio , Wang Bitao , Wang Kai , Xu Bingxiao , Zhao Dingyi , Dou Jing , Gu Qiusheng , Maiolino Roberto , Mannucci Filippo , Yuan Feng
Published: November 2023

The assembly of galaxies over cosmic time is tightly connected to the assembly of their host dark matter halos. We investigate the stellar mass growth history and the chemical enrichment history of central galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory. We find that the derived stellar metallicity of passive central galaxies is always higher than that of the star-forming ones. This stellar metallicity enhancement becomes progressively larger toward low-mass galaxies (at a given epoch) and earlier epochs (at a given stellar mass), which suggests strangulation as the primary mechanism for star formation quenching in central galaxies not only in the local Universe but also very likely at higher redshifts up to z ∼ 3. We show that at the same present-day stellar mass, passive central galaxies assembled half of their final stellar mass ∼2 Gyr earlier than star-forming central galaxies, which agrees well with the semi-analytic model. Exploring the semi-analytic model, we find that this is because passive central galaxies reside in, on average, more massive halos with a higher halo mass increase rate across cosmic time. As a consequence, passive central galaxies are assembled faster and also quenched earlier than their star-forming counterparts. While at the same present-day halo mass, different halo assembly history also produces a very different final stellar mass of the central galaxy within, and halos assembled earlier host more massive centrals with a higher quenched fraction, in particular around the “golden halo mass” at 1012
M
⊙. Our results call attention back to the dark matter halo as a key driver of galaxy evolution.
Four new hypogean species of the genus Triplophysa (Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Guizhou Province, Southwest China, based on molecular and morphological data
Authors: Luo Tao , Mao Ming-Le , Lan Chang-Ting , Song Ling-Xing , Zhao Xin-Rui , Yu Jing , Wang Xing-Liang , Xiao Ning , Zhou Jia-Jun , Zhou Jiang
Published: November 2023

Recently described cave species of the genus Triplophysa have been discovered in southwestern China, suggesting that the diversity of the genus is severely underestimated and that there may be many undescribed species. In this work, four new species of the genus Triplophysa are described from southwestern Guizhou Province, China, namely Triplophysa cehengensis Luo, Mao, Zhao, Xiao & Zhou, sp. nov. and Triplophysa rongduensis Mao, Zhao, Yu, Xiao & Zhou, sp. nov. from Rongdu Town, Ceheng County, Guizhou, Triplophysa panzhouensis Yu, Luo, Lan, Xiao & Zhou, sp. nov. from Hongguo Town, Panzhou City, Guizhou, and Triplophysa anlongensis Song, Luo, Lan, Zhao, Xiao & Zhou, sp. nov. from Xinglong Town, Anlong County, Guizhou. These four new species can be distinguished from all recognized congeners by a combination of morphological characteristics and significant genetic divergences. The discovery of these species increases the number of known cave species within the genus Triplophysa to 39, making the genus the second most diverse group of cave fishes in China after the golden-line fish genus Sinocyclocheilus. Based on the non-monophyletic relationships of the different watershed systems in the phylogenetic tree, this study also discusses the use of cave species of the genus Triplophysa to determine the possible historical connectivity of river systems.
An update to the taxonomy of Serica MacLeay, 1819 (sensu lato) from China (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericinae, Sericini)
Authors: Su Xie , Li Wei , Liu Wan-Gang , Ahrens Dirk , Zheng Ying-Juan , Liu Yang
Published: November 2023

In this paper we update the knowledge on the species of Serica McLeay, 1819 (sensu lato) occurring in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Shaanxi provinces, China. Three new species are described: Serica allonanhua Liu, Ahrens, Li & Su, sp. nov., S. breviantennalis Liu, Ahrens, Li & Su, sp. nov., and S. fengensis Liu, Ahrens, Li & Su, sp. nov. The key to the species groups and species is updated. The habitus and male genitalia of the new species are illustrated, and a map showing their distribution is provided. New distributional data are given for four species.
Que peuvent les insurgées ?
Authors: Adil Mayada , Al Abdeh Maria , Kandić Nataša , Meddeb Hind , Hubrecht Joël , Nahoum-Grappe Véronique , Latini Beatrice
Published: November 2023

Les vagues de protestation politique qui s’élèvent actuellement au Moyen-Orient et en Europe sont le théâtre d’un engagement décisif des citoyennes. Trois militantes ou artistes partagent ici leur conception de ces mouvements, où la lutte des citoyens pour la démocratie est indissociable de celle des femmes pour leurs droits.
Les mères pour la paix
Authors: Nahoum-Grappe Véronique
Published: November 2023

Partout dans le monde, là où des hommes disparaissent à cause de crimes d’État, des mouvements de mères pour la paix font leur apparition. Cette forme particulière d’engagement reste pourtant un impensé des théorisations féministes. La relation de maternité serait-elle porteuse de modalités d’action politique spécifiques ?
PMA pour toutes les femmes et filiation
Authors: Théry Irène
Published: November 2023

Au cœur d’importants débats, la loi qui ouvrira la PMA aux couples de femmes crée un statut à part pour les couples homoparentaux, tandis que le recours au don chez les autres couples reste couvert par le secret médical, privant les enfants de la possibilité d’accéder à leurs origines. Ce débat était pourtant l’occasion d’avancer vers la reconnaissance de différents modèles de filiation.
Que faire des hommes ?
Authors: Jablonka Ivan
Published: November 2023

L’essor renouvelé des luttes féministes depuis les années 2010 a engagé une profonde remise en cause de la condition des femmes, et soulevé en retour de nombreuses interrogations concernant le rôle et la place des hommes dans la société contemporaine. Comment réinventer le sujet politique masculin, dès lors que celui-ci pose problème ?
Les tensions de l’autonomie
Authors: Ehrenberg Alain
Published: November 2023

À l’ère de la mondialisation, l’autonomie est devenue un idéal social. Mais la découverte par l’individu de ses propres insuffisances a engendré des pathologies d’époque. La protection sociale devrait être repensée pour tenir compte de ce nouveau visage de l’individualisme.
L’engagement écologique et social à Nancy
Authors: Tenezakis Xenophon
Published: November 2023

La ville de Nancy présente un bel exemple de réforme écologique et sociale, « par le bas », portée par le monde associatif et soutenue par les habitants. Encore faut-il que ces initiatives originales parviennent à s’imposer, face à l’enracinement de certaines de nos manières de vivre et de consommer.
Vers des mondes séparés ? Divergence des trajectoires territoriales et différenciation des capacités d’action locales
Authors: Béal Vincent , Rousseau Max
Published: November 2023

En France comme dans de nombreux pays, depuis les années 1980, les gouvernements locaux se sont attachés à renforcer leur attractivité par des politiques entrepreneuriales. Dans les territoires en déclin, ces politiques locales n’ont pas permis de restaurer la croissance, ni d’entamer les inégalités socio-spatiales. Dans ces espaces, les ressources s’affaiblissent, ce qui limite la constitution d’une capacité d’action. Dans un contexte d’appel à la différenciation de l’action publique et à l’autonomisation des collectivités territoriales, la montée des inégalités entre les territoires pose donc aujourd’hui la question d’un nouveau paradigme d’intégration, aux différentes échelles de l’action publique, des espaces (et des populations) marginalisés.
Production de richesses et redistribution : les effets territorialisés de l’État-providence
Authors: Davezies Laurent
Published: November 2023

La progression, jusqu’à aujourd’hui, du poids des budgets publics et sociaux a permis de constituer un puissant système de solidarité sociale et interterritoriale ainsi qu’un mécanisme automatique d’amortisseur des territoires contre les chocs économiques et sociaux conjoncturels et structurels. Dans un contexte de creusement des inégalités productives entre les territoires, ces mécanismes ont permis, au contraire une réduction des inégalités de revenus. On retrouve les mêmes mécanismes dans les autres pays industriels mais pas à l’échelle de l’Europe. L’inégalité entre les États-providence européens en l’absence d’Europe-providence pourrait finalement avoir pour effet de les remettre en cause.
Mettre la donnée au service de l’action publique : l’exemple du programme expérimental Data & Quartiers
Authors: Priol Jacques
Published: November 2023

Le programme expérimental Data & Quartiers a comme objectif de tester de nouveaux usages de la donnée à l’échelle de 78 quartiers prioritaires de la politique de la ville, dans différents domaines (emploi, santé et mobilité). Il a été conduit durant trois années en régions Bretagne et Pays de la Loire. L’expérimentation a montré la possibilité d’instaurer des règles de gouvernance pour favoriser l’accès et le partage des données à des échelles nouvelles, entre acteurs publics comme entre acteurs publics et privés. Les résultats du programme, désormais disponibles, rendent possible son déploiement auprès des professionnels de la politique de la ville. Cette expérience bouscule les habitudes et les usages de l’observation de la vie des quartiers.
Utiliser les données Caf pour analyser les territoires
Authors: Botton Hugo
Published: November 2023

La profusion de données mobilisables pour effectuer des diagnostics territoriaux, notamment dans le domaine social, conduit à s’interroger sur l’apport spécifique des différentes sources utilisées. À travers plusieurs exemples, cet article présente l’utilité des données des caisses d’allocations familiales (Caf) pour analyser les territoires, ces dernières prenant toute leur valeur dans leur complémentarité avec d’autres sources. Les données Caf permettent d’affiner les diagnostics territoriaux en les liant directement à l’action publique, selon le triptyque « besoins, offre, usage ».
De l’expérimentation locale à la généralisation nationale : l’exemple de la cotation de la demande dans les processus d’attribution des logements sociaux
Authors: Bourgeois Marine
Published: November 2023

La loi 3DS clôt un cycle de réformes de la politique d’attribution des logements sociaux ouvert huit ans plus tôt par la loi Alur. Ces changements législatifs ont conduit à une généralisation par étapes de la cotation de la demande comme principal instrument d’attribution des logements sociaux. Le recours à l’expérimentation locale a permis à certaines villes de se positionner en territoires modèles, et à l’État de retrouver des capacités d’action dans un secteur historiquement régulé a minima .
Comment apprendre des expérimentations sociales ?
Authors: Devaux-Spatarakis Agathe , Tevini Marc
Published: November 2023

L’expérimentation d’une politique publique est souvent présentée comme un instrument permettant de tester une idée de dispositif à petite échelle suivant une séquence linéaire et contrôlée, afin d’en estimer les effets et de décider de sa généralisation ou non. Or, peu d’expérimentations s’inscrivent dans ce modèle et peu de leurs évaluations sont utilisées pour la prise de décision. Les expérimentations n’en sont pas pour autant inutiles. Elles servent plutôt à d’autres types d’apprentissages propres aux innovations qu’elles mettent en œuvre ou qui en ressortent, et permettent notamment d’opérer des transitions vers de nouveaux publics, de nouvelles pratiques ou de nouveaux territoires. En acceptant cette dimension instable de l’expérimentation, l’équipe d’évaluation est mieux à même d’identifier et d’accompagner la révélation et la prise en compte des apprentissages qu’elle permet.
« Revoir les arbres », l’incidence des espaces de Réanimation sur la relation de soin
Authors: Piarulli Charlotte
Published: November 2023

Il s’agit ici de considérer l’espace consacré à la réanimation au sein de l’Oncopole de Toulouse, et de montrer comment son organisation matérielle exerce un impact sur la relation entre les sujets soignés et les professionnels du soin. Le service de Réanimation de l’Oncopole suppose, dans sa scénographie, que les personnes soignées n’y passent qu’un temps très court – il s’agit en effet d’y prendre en charge les stades critiques des situations pathologiques des personnes soignées, accueillies initialement dans d’autres services de l’établissement. Nous voudrions montrer qu’en réalité, les séjours des personnes prises en charge en Réanimation peuvent être amenés à s’étirer dans le temps. Cette présence étirée des personnes soignées entre alors en contradiction avec l’organisation matérielle du service lui-même. C’est cette dissonance – entre la permanence d’une présence et un espace conçu pour « des instants » – que nous nous proposons d’étudier ici, en croisant notre expérience de terrain à la lecture du philosophe Maurice Merleau-Ponty.
La peur s’insinue : tranquille !
Authors: Libois Joëlle
Published: November 2023

Cet article s’appuie sur un exemple empirique analysant une situation professionnelle dans laquelle des travailleurs sociaux sont confrontés au doute de ce qui peut advenir. Tout en œuvrant à la constitution de rapports de confiance, ils soutiennent une posture calme dans une temporalité en devenir. Il s’agira de comprendre ce qui se trame dans les interactions, ce qui les constitue et comment ces professionnels aguerris développent leur capacité à travailler avec l’imprévu. Pour ce faire, nous nous appuierons sur des extraits d’autoconfrontation croisée qui révèlent des savoirs d’action en miroir, comme la magnanimité d’une présence face à l’incertitude, ou la peur qui prévaut en certaines situations en regard d’une posture tranquille, malgré l’impondérable part de risque engagé dans l’intervention.
Travailleurs sans papiers en prison : entre permission et exploitation
Authors: Isidro Lola
Published: November 2023

Qu’en est-il du droit de travailler pour les sans-papiers détenus ? Derrière les barreaux, rien ne l’interdit. Ce traitement a priori plus favorable s’observe également en matière de couverture santé. Mais, avec la réforme du travail pénitentiaire, les étrangers sans papiers en prison ne seront bientôt plus couverts par la législation professionnelle en cas d’accident du travail. Une nouvelle illustration de la dégradation continue des droits en matière de risques professionnels.
L’aménagement des peines : sortir de l’impasse !
Authors: Blisson Laurence , Donaz-Pernier Morgan
Published: November 2023

À rebours du tout-carcéral, l’arsenal juridique prévoit un certain nombre de dispositifs permettant d’aménager les peines des personnes étrangères détenues, avec ou sans papiers. Si, certes, les obstacles à l’application de ces leviers peuvent sembler multiples, il appartient en premier lieu aux juges de s’en saisir et, pourquoi pas, d’en créer de nouveaux pour mettre un terme à l’abandon institutionnel des justiciables étrangers.
L’exercice du droit au recours en détention : un combat plus que jamais d’actualité
Authors: Ferran Nicolas , Chappart Pascaline , Fischmeister Julien
Published: November 2023

Les dysfonctionnements observés lors de la notification des obligations de quitter le territoire en détention et, a fortiori, lorsqu’il est question de faire valoir un droit au recours contre ces mesures, sont une illustration du régime pénal d’exception réservé aux personnes étrangères détenues : pas l’ombre d’un droit. Nicolas Ferran dresse le bilan de l’action contentieuse intentée en la matière depuis 2017 par la section française de l’Observatoire international des prisons, un combat pour la reconnaissance des droits des justiciables étrangers encore inachevé.
Public Administration Reform in Lebanon from the Leadership Perspective
Authors: El Haddad Pierre , Auffret Jean-Pierre , Grishina Olga
Published: November 2023

Ce document analyse les défis et les perspectives de la réforme de l’administration publique au Liban du point de vue du dirigeant de l’organisation, et explore le rôle des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC), et de la transformation numérique. Le document relate un décompte historique de l’administration publique au Liban, puis compare les cadres théoriques aux tentatives réelles entreprises par les dirigeants des organismes gouvernementaux. La recherche apporte la preuve que les efforts de réforme de l’administration publique sont possibles lorsque l’approche du dirigeant de l’organisation est à la fois pragmatique et inclusive. Les résultats appuient la recommandation d’adopter des méthodes de développement organisationnel (DO) inclusives pour faire participer les groupes d’intérêt à l’entreprise de réforme.
1970, Le Hasard et la nécessité et La Logique du vivant : quelques souvenirs des uns et des autres
Authors: Buc Henri , Méthot Pierre-Olivier
Published: November 2023

À l’automne 1970, la parution quasi simultanée des ouvrages de Jacques Monod et de François Jacob renouvelle la réflexion sur le fait biologique dans l’espace culturel et scientifique français. Dans ce texte, nous décrivons les préoccupations qui ont été à l’origine de l’écriture du Hasard et la nécessité et de La Logique du vivant . Nous soulignons les prémices de leur conception et leur élaboration progressive dans la carrière des deux biologistes en considérant notamment leurs enseignements au Collège de France. Porteurs d’une vision du monde informée par la biologie moléculaire, ces ouvrages sont les témoins des bouleversements théoriques qu’ont connus les sciences de la vie au milieu du siècle dernier.
De la nécessité au hasard et à la finalité : les transformations du concept de gratuité dans l’itinéraire intellectuel de Jacques Monod
Authors: Loison Laurent
Published: November 2023

Le livre Le Hasard et la nécessité est incontestablement un livre à thèses, et celles-ci n’y sont pas énoncées timidement. L’une d’elles est l’affirmation que le vivant moléculaire procède du jeu de la nécessité, du hasard et de la finalité. Le titre du livre de Monod est devenu si célèbre qu’il masque désormais à quel point cette place faite au hasard et surtout à la finalité n’avait rien d’évident lorsqu’on envisage la manière dont le problème de l’adaptation enzymatique était posé au début des années cinquante à l’Institut Pasteur. L’objet de cet article est de montrer comment et pourquoi Jacques Monod a opéré un revirement complet dans sa conception des rapports entre nécessité, hasard et finalité au cours de sa carrière. Ce renversement s’est accompagné de la montée en puissance et de la transformation d’un concept particulier, propre à Monod, celui de gratuité . Introduit au début des années cinquante comme qualifiant certaines conditions expérimentales, il devint progressivement un authentique attribut du vivant. Il s’agira ici de révéler les changements d’attitude de Monod au prisme de l’histoire du concept de gratuité, une histoire profondément enracinée dans le travail expérimental quotidien du groupe pasteurien.
Entre hasard et programme : Monod, Jacob et la cybernétique
Authors: Le Roux Ronan
Published: November 2023

Dans Le Hasard et la nécessité , et dans La Logique du vivant , parus tous deux en 1970, Jacques Monod et François Jacob donnèrent une portée emblématique aux notions cybernétiques. Cette revendication s’avérait pourtant très ambiguë, dans le contexte d’une consolidation disciplinaire considérant que la collaboration avec des modélisateurs (mathématiciens ou ingénieurs) était étrangère à la biologie moléculaire. Cet article propose de mieux cerner la place de la cybernétique dans ces ouvrages de 1970, sur le plan théorique (les concepts) mais aussi sur le plan pratique (l’interdisciplinarité). L’analyse suit l’ordre logique et chronologique de la circulation des idées : la première partie précise sommairement les idées biologiques de Norbert Wiener, et montre qu’elles ne sont pas toutes cybernétiques (spécialement la question de l’hérédité). La deuxième partie réinterroge le statut du lexique cybernétique chez Monod et Jacob à la lumière de leur refus de collaborer avec des modélisateurs. Après ces deux cadrages successifs, la troisième partie aborde la place de la cybernétique dans les ouvrages de 1970, en y examinant notamment les notions d’information, de programme, et de téléonomie. De Wiener à Monod et Jacob, il apparaît que l’hérédité, pensée comme réplication d’un programme sujette à du « bruit » mutatif, restait conforme au néodarwinisme et au « dogme central » de la biologie moléculaire en contrôlant tous les mécanismes cybernétiques de l’organisme sans contenir elle-même un tel mécanisme ; ainsi, la biologie de Monod et Jacob, vue d’aujourd’hui, ne fut que très modérément cybernétique, sa continuité avec la pensée biologique de Wiener ne passant pas entièrement par l’idée cybernétique d’inversion de l’entropie au moyen de la rétroaction.