bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FED's Unconventional Monetary Policy and Correlation Dynamics Among Conventional and Alternative Investments
Authors: Tsakalos Ioannis , Roumpis Efthymios
Published: March 2020

This chapter investigates the correlations between conventional and alternative investments during the quantitative easing (QE) programs launched by the U.S. Federal Reserve. Authors focus on different asset classes to examine the dynamics on their correlations and to highlight alternative investment options for rational investors and policy makers. Their analysis covers the period from January 3, 2005 to March 16, 2018. Research has significant policy implications and the empirical findings indicate a ripple effect of QE across conventional and alternative investments and suggest that their correlations differ by QE periods. Researchers also confirm the effectiveness of the portfolio rebalance channel pictured on specific assets' correlation sign, as well as the existence of specific patterns. UMP programs create portfolio rebalance since investors followed the required path set by the Fed.
The Impact of Unconventional Monetary Policies on Unique Alternative Investments
Authors: Papathanasiou Spyros , Papanastasopoulos Andreas , Koutsokostas Drosos
Published: March 2020

This chapter investigates the impact of central banks' unconventional monetary policies on sectors of unique and traditional alternative investments beyond the stock market. More specifically, authors examine how quantitative easing (QE) programs, imposed by the FED and the ECB during the financial crisis, affected the fine wine market and rare coins in comparison with real estate, commodities, and crude oil. The methodology used in this chapter includes multiple regression analysis. As dependent variables, the LVX 50 Index, the Rare Coin Values Index, the REIT Index, the CRB Commodity Index and the Crude Oil Futures Index, are used for each sector respectively. Our empirical analysis shows that the QE programs applied had different outcomes between our sample markets. Thus, investors should evaluate the signals associated with the announcements of prospective monetary policies in their attempt to achieve a sufficient portfolio diversification and to harvest superior returns at the same time.
Students' Acceptance to Self-Archive in Institutional Repositories towards a Unified View
Authors: Masrich Fatin Amirah Amirah , Dili Noraisah , Hamzah Umi Amneezatun , Muhammed Malisa , Aidi Nurafida , Kisar Sailendra
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to examine the students' acceptance on using self-archive in open access repositories guiding by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. This paper utilized convenience sampling method, with a total of 204 sets of self-administered questionnaire collected among the students of public higher learning institution in Federal Territory of Labuan, Malaysia. Multiple regressions were performed to examine the relationships between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions towards the intention to use self-archive in institutional repository. The findings revealed that the students behavioural attention on the acceptance of using self-archive in repository were positively influence by social influence and facilitating condition. The repository administrators shall increase the efforts to enhance the quality of the repository as well as encouraging students' interest to use the service.
Applying Software Engineering Design Principles to Agile Architecture
Authors: Pang Chung-Yeung
Published: March 2020

Most enterprise IT systems are very complex with a combination of COBOL and Java programs running on multiple platforms. What is needed is a solid IT architecture that supports the operation and growth of a cross-platform IT system. It must enable the iterative and incremental development of applications that are foreseen in an agile development process. The design concept of such an architecture with its infrastructure and development tool is presented in this chapter. This design concept is based on the design principles and architectural patterns of software engineering. The architecture is a combination of layered, component-based, and service-oriented architectural patterns. The agile development process is based on a model-driven approach. The architecture and development approaches were first introduced in 2004. Since then, many applications have been developed on time and within budget.
Analyzing GraphQL Performance
Authors: Landeiro Mafalda Isabel , Azevedo Isabel
Published: March 2020

Web applications today play a significant role, with a large number of devices connected to the internet, and data is transmitted across disparate platforms at an unprecedented rate. Many systems and platforms require applications to adapt quickly and efficiently to the needs of consumers. In 2000, the Representation State Transfer (REST) was introduced, and the developers quickly adopted it. However, due to the growth of consumers and the different needs, this architectural style, in the way it is used, revealed some weaknesses related to the performance and flexibility of the applications. These are or can be addressed with GraphQL. In this chapter several alternatives to use GraphQL are explained and their benefits in terms of performance and flexibility. Some prototypes were implemented in an organization, and the results of some experiments were analyzed in light of possible gains in performance.
Effectiveness of Scrum and Kanban on Agile-Based Software Maintenance Projects
Authors: Vasanthapriyan Shanmuganathan , Arachchi Kalpani Madushika Udawela
Published: March 2020

Software maintenance is an important phase in the lifespan of a software system. This chapter examines the effectiveness of Scrum and Kanban methods in terms of their impacts on project management factors for a software maintenance project. The six-point star model defines project management factors like schedule, scope, budget, risk, resources, quality, and study, and uses two other non-quantitative techniques such as team commitment and work organization. A quantitative survey was carried out together with the questionnaire distributed to IT industry professionals in Sri Lanka. Each question in the questionnaire was related to one of the above factors. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the correlation between the coefficients. A strong correlation was identified. Based on the results of multiple linear regression modeling, a model has been proposed. Scrum-based software maintenance projects can improve project quality by managing work organization and resources whereas Kanban-based can improve project quality by controlling the risk and scope of the project.
An Inclusive Method to Support the Web Accessibility Assessment and Awareness-Raising
Authors: Rocha Maria Alciléia Alves , Carneiro Gabriel de Almeida Souza
Published: March 2020

Web content should suit both a general audience and visually-impaired individuals. Therefore, Web applications should be assessed against accessibility standards as Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and the Brazilian e-Government Accessibility Model (eMAG). This chapter presents MIAV's development process and the obtained results. The MIAV complies with the WCAG and eMAG, combining automated and user-opinion-based assessment approaches. First, a pilot test was run to fine-tune MIAV. Next, participants were asked to identify and report several accessibility issues on IFFluminense's Portal, Q-Academico, and Moodle. They then suggested enhancements for better browsing experience. AccessMonitor was run and tested the same Web pages to generate two indicators: the average accessibility index and the percentage of nonconformities by accessibility level. Results showed that none of the evaluated applications met all the accessibility criteria. These experiments allowed IFFluminense's IT degree students to raise an awareness of the significance of Web accessibility.
What-If Analysis on the Evaluation of User Interface Usability
Authors: Silva Saulo , Carvalho Mariana , Belo Orlando
Published: March 2020

While interactive systems have the potential to increase human work performance, those systems are predisposed to usability problems. Different factors might contribute to these problems during the interaction process and as result, the decision-making process might be compromised. This work uses decision support system methods and tools to assist in the analysis of the usability of a university library website, measuring the constructs of effectiveness, efficiency, and learnability. The pilot study involved thirty-five subjects, and after collecting data, a multidimensional view of the data is created and discussed. Later, a What-if analysis is used to investigate the impact of different scenarios on system-use. The work has the potential to assist designers and system administrators at improving their systems.
Play Teaches Learning?
Authors: Wang Hao , Chen Wen-Wen , Sun Chun-Tsai
Published: March 2020

To provide ideal learning environments for a wider audience, game designers must understand differences in how experienced and less experienced players learn new games. Using a sample of players with different experience levels, our goal is to understand learning processes for a simple real-time strategy game. Data from observations, post-game interviews, and eye movement recordings indicate that the majority of study participants relied on a trial-and-error approach, with more experienced gamers using a structured mental model involving feedback and expectations about making progress. Specifically, experienced gamers in the sample tended to use a top-down learning style emphasizing connections between goals and available actions, and to focus on the functions of game objects. There are also interfaces in which all experience levels of participants share the same opinion. For example, alarming voices/sound effects can catch their attention and be helpful while pop-ups are largely annoying.
The Fallacies of MDA for Novice Designers
Authors: Chen Kenneth
Published: March 2020

Ever since MDA was publicized by Hunicke, Leblanc, and Zubek in 2004, it has become a building block for game developers and scholars. However, it has also incited several misconceptions that have spread among students and the gaming community. For example, players have overused the term “mechanics,” to the point that it is virtually meaningless. On the other side, the terms “dynamics” and “aesthetics” have been comparatively neglected, despite their value. Building upon our experiences of teaching an undergraduate game design course, we argue that these misconceptions stem from the ways that consumers have misinterpreted the MDA framework. Game educators are not necessarily working with experienced designers: they are working with students who are often more passionate about playing games than making them. Thus, game educators need to target this misconception in order to shed light on preconceived biases.
3D Single Image Face Reconstruction Approaches With Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Munir Hafiz Muhammad Umair , Qureshi Waqar S.
Published: March 2020

3D facial reconstruction is an emerging and interesting application in the field of computer graphics and computer vision. It is difficult and challenging to reconstruct the 3D facial model from a single photo because of arbitrary poses, non-uniform illumination, expressions, and occlusions. Detailed 3D facial models are difficult to reconstruct because every algorithm has some limitations related to profile view, fine detail, accuracy, and speed. The major problem is to develop 3D face with texture of large poses, wild faces, large training data, and occluded faces. Mostly algorithms use convolution neural networks and deep learning frameworks to create facial model. 3D face reconstruction algorithms used for application such as 3D printing, 3D VR games and facial recognition. Different issues, problems and their proposed solutions are discussed. Different facial dataset and facial 3DMM used for 3D face reconstructing from a single photo are explained. The recent state of art 3D facial reconstruction and 3D face learning methods developed in 2019 is briefly explained.
Productivity in Digital Transformation
Authors: Ulaş Dilber
Published: March 2020

The chapter presents the differences between the concepts of digitalization and digital transformation. The pioneers of digital transformation in the historical process and their use in different sectors are explained with examples. The relationship between digital transformation and productivity is discussed, and the enablers that allow this relationship are explained in detail. Turkey's digital transformation process shared by explaining the vision of public and private sectors. It is also explained that SMEs can do in digital transformation process in order to gain competitive advantage.
Internet of Things (IoT) in Healthcare Systems
Authors: Alcan Pelin
Published: March 2020

Health is the basic ability that people need to perceive, feel, and act effectively in their lives. Therefore, it constitutes the primary element in the development of the individual and in the environment in which people belong. In order to strengthen health services in the days we live, comprehensive researches are being conducted under the title of Health 4.0 to investigate various technologies. The internet of things (RFID, cloud computing, etc.) is developed to connect existing medical resources and provide patients with the most reliable, smartest, and most effective healthcare services. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the most basic applications of IoT in the health industry.
Health State, morphological characterization and biometric parameters in the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 (Brachyura: Ocypodidae)
Authors: Valentim-Neto Pedro Alexandre , Gesteira Tereza Cristina Vasconcelos
Published: March 2020

The crab Ucides cordatus is an important feature of mangroves in the North and Northeast of Brazil. In 2002 a large mortality was reported on this species in the Jaguaribe River Estuary. In order to investigate the possible causes specimens were collected monthly between May 2002 and December 2003 at five sites: Fortim (E1), Fortim (E2), Cumbe (E3) Aracati (E4) and Guajiru (E5). The mangrove structure and environmental parameters (salinity, pH, temperature and DO) were also evaluated. Water was collected for suspended solids analysis, BOD and nutrient levels. Salinity decreased in the rainy season, with no significant variation of pH and temperature. Dissolved oxygen levels had a mean of 5.7 mg L-1. Suspended solids increased at site E4, with BOD varying at E1 and E2 during the dry season. The same was observed at sites E1, E2 and E3 during the rainy season. Ammonia levels at E1 and E2 and phosphorus in all seasons, increased with rain events. Four lines of investigation were adopted: biometry, histology, hematology, and bioassay. There was no significant difference between animals in biometrics and histology showed no cellular alterations. However, hematology showed a significant difference between the E1 and E3 sites due to depletion in the number of hemocytes in E1, probably in response to environmental impacts. This can lead to poor immunity, leading to opportunistic pathogen infections such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. The bioassay showing no abnormal behavior or mortality. The structure the of mangrove was developed in all areas, except in E5 which served as a control site, with significant environmental stress with high levels of herbivorous growth (> 50%) and a salinity of around 50 ‰. It is believed that the mortality of the crabs was an occasional occurrence, probably due to toxin production by some fungal organism.
Evaluation of Cutting Rate for Ultrasonic Work Piece Vibration Assisted Wire-EDM under Varying Amplitude of Vibration
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Grover Sandeep , Walia Ravinder S.
Published: March 2020

This paper present an investigation on cutting speed of ultrasonic vibration assisted wire electrical discharge machining (US-WEDM) for High carbon high chromium D3 Steel. An extensive research study was carried out with an aim to select the optimum cutting condition with the varying amplitude of vibration in order to get the optimum cutting speed for the proposed set-up. The process was mathematically modeled using the response parameters, i.e. cutting speed under a range of control parameters and the main influencing factors were determined for cutting speed criteria Taguchi’s experimentation methodology indicated the contribution of amplitude of vibration (P=6.16%), pulse on time (P=14.54%), pulse off time (P=73.16%) and peak current (P=5.94%). Finally, the optimum parametric setting for different cutting speed arising out of study has synthesized as amplitude of vibration at level 3 (18μm), peak current level 1 (100 units), pulse on time level 2 (118 μ sec) and pulse off time level 2 (46 μ sec) and analyses in this study.
Influence of Rare Earth Elements in Magnesium Alloy - A Mini Review
Authors: Sivashanmugam N. , Harikrishna K. L.
Published: March 2020

In recent days, the use of Magnesium and its alloys is preferred in defence, automotive and aerospace industries where large size and complex components are required in light weight. Besides, magnesium alloys are used in computers, electronic devices and biomedical applications. Alloying magnesium with rare earth elements (RE) is used to develop the light alloys for the stated applications at elevated temperature. Rare earth magnesium alloys are having unique properties over other metals, including a high specific strength, low thermal conductivity, good damping capacity and good castability. In this review article, the recent development of rare earth magnesium alloys will be reviewed from the view point of novel alloying designs. It has been revealed that in ternary alloy system Mg-ZN-RE alloy exhibited high strength and ductility. This leads the researchers to investigate Mg-ZN-RE alloy recently.
Covid-19
Authors: Suganthan N.
Published: March 2020

No abstract available
Prevalence of Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver and insulin resistance and their inter relationship among type II diabetic patients attending diabetic centre, Teaching Hospital, Jaffna
Authors: Rajendra S. , Nalini R. , Aravinthan M.
Published: March 2020

No abstract available
DRESS syndrome associated with sulfasalazine therapy
Authors: Misthaq A. R. M. , Pirasath S. , Sugathapala A. G. H.
Published: March 2020

The Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is a rare life threatening drug hypersensitivity reaction which include a skin rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, hematologic abnormalities and internal organ involvement. Here, we reported DRESS syndrome case in a 55 year old female patient following intake of sulfasalazine for her knee joint pain who was completely recovered with appropriate management.
Complete recovery following “Veeram” (Mercury II chloride) poisoning: A case report
Authors: Sathiaruban S. , Ghetheswaran S. , Weerakkody R. M.
Published: March 2020

Veeram is a local term used in Nothern Sri Lanka, for impure mercury (II) chloride. (HgCl2). We describe a case with acute, suicidal, mercury (II) chloride poisoning, who presented with confusion, acidosis and renal shut down. He was managed with mercury chelation using penicillamine, and acutre renal failure with hemodialysis. He made a complete renal recovery on discharge, and on follow up he did not have any neurological symptoms, and have made a complete clinical recovery. A discussion on the acute mercury poisoning follows.
ALCHIMIA, PRELUDIO ALLA CHIMICA?
Authors: Sacchi Landriani Giannantonio
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to a review, in the antiquarian scientific library of the Istituto Lombardo, able to find forerunner documents of chemistry. As it is well known chemistry found a rigorous settlement at the end of XVIII century. Actually we have found some books concerning complicated refined empirical technology particularly devoted to metal and making of colours for ceramic processing. It is necessary remember that during Renaissance the scientific cultural climate was alchemistical. So the spread of information concerning this kind of activities among members of guilds was nearly secret. This is the reason why the number of documents found is very poor.
COMPUTER QUANTISTICI: STATUS E PROSPETTIVE
Authors: Maccone Lorenzo
Published: March 2020

A quantum computer is a system that is able to process quantum information. In this presentation Iâ€™ll briefly explain what is it and what are the main results of the current research in the field of quantum computation.
ENTANGLEMENT QUANTISTICO
Authors: Rimini Alberto
Published: March 2020

This extended note deals with a pedagogical description of the entangled state of two particles, starting from first principles. After some general remarks about quantum mechanics and physical theories, the single particle case is discussed by defining state, uncertainty relations and wave function in the state space. The system of two particles is then considered, with its possible states, starting from the original papers by Einstein Podolsky Rosen and by Schroedinger. The quantum measurement problem is then introduced, together with its role in the entanglement state. Finally the orthodox solution and the relevant conclusions are drawn.
Occupational noise induced hearing loss in the mining sector in South Africa: Perspectives from occupational health practitioners on how mineworkers are trained
Authors: Moroe Nomfundo F.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of occupational health practitioners (OHPs) regarding education and training of mineworkers on occupational noise induced hearing loss (ONIHL) and its impact on mineworkers’ health. Qualitative, in-depth telephonic and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 16 OHPs. Purposive and snowball sampling was utilized to recruit participants. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Three themes emerged from the data: seeing is believing, not my department, barriers and facilitators to raising awareness (with two subthemes -blame it on the language and level of education, and compensation pay-outs). Superficially, OHPs believe that mineworkers are aware of the impact of noise health, however, the OHPs are not knowledgeable on how the mineworkers are educated on ONIHL and its latent consequences. Furthermore, language, low levels of education and literacy, as well as financial constraints are factors found to affect education and training of the mineworkers about the risks of ONIHL. If the mining industry is committed in eliminating ONIHL, they should prioritize health literacy, and mines need to have an effective awareness raising plan in place at every mine. This plan should consider diversity of the workforce, including linguistic as well as educational level diversity.
Prevalence of sexual experience among Korean adolescent: age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Jee Yongho , Lee Gyuyoung
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES: Since exposure to sexual content and early sexual initiation among adolescents have become serious social issues in Korea, an in-depth analysis of trends in the prevalence of sexual experience among Korean adolescents is necessary to project the trends and policies required for the next 10 years. The objective of this study was to identify the contributions of age, period, and birth cohort effects on the prevalence of sexual experience in Korean adolescents.METHODS: We analyzed age-specific, period-specific, and birth cohort–specific trends in the prevalence of sexual experience among 911,502 adolescents (469,593 boys, 51.5%; 441,909 girls, 48.5%) aged 12 years to 17 years from the 2006 to 2017 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to examine significant changes in the prevalence of sexual experience and to find the optimal number and location of places where trends changed.RESULTS: The prevalence of sexual experience generally increased with age in all periods in both boys and girls. In boys, the prevalence of sexual experience increased in recent periods, especially in the age group of 12-13 years, while the prevalence of sexual experience decreased in the age group of 16-17 years. In girls, the age group of 12-13 years showed an increased prevalence of sexual experience in recent periods. However, the prevalence showed a decreasing trend in the age group of 16-17 years.CONCLUSIONS: In boys and girls, sexual experience increased with age, although this tendency has slowed in recent cohorts. Therefore, early sex education is needed.
Safety and Immunogenicity of Different Formulations of a Tetravalent Dengue Purified Inactivated Vaccine in Healthy Adults from Puerto Rico: Final Results after 3 Years of Follow-Up from a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase I Study
Authors: Diaz Clemente , Koren Michael , Lin Leyi , Martinez Luis J. , Eckels Kenneth H. , Campos Maribel , Jarman Richard G. , De La Barrera Rafael , Lepine Edith , Febo Irma , Vaughn David W. , Wilson Todd M. , Paris Robert M. , Schmidt Alexander C. , Thomas Stephen J.
Published: March 2020

Four formulations of an investigational tetravalent dengue purified inactivated vaccine, administered as two doses one month (M) apart, were previously shown to be immunogenic and well-tolerated up to M13 of the phase I study NCT01702857. Here, we report results of the follow-up from M14 to year (Y) 3. One hundred healthy Puerto Rican adults, predominantly dengue virus (DENV)–primed, were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to receive placebo or vaccine formulations: 1 μg/serotype/dose adjuvanted with aluminum, AS01E or AS03B, or aluminum-adjuvanted 4 μg/serotype/dose. No serious adverse events occurred. Two medically-attended potential immune-mediated disease cases, vaccination unrelated, were reported (groups 1 µg+Alum and 1 µg+AS03B). Of 14 instances of suspected dengue, none were laboratory confirmed. Geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers against DENV 1-4 waned from M14, but remained above pre-vaccination levels for DENV 1-3, with the highest values for group 1 µg+AS03B: 1220.1, 920.5, 819.4, and 940.5 (Y2), and 1329.3, 1169.2, 1219.8, and 718.9 (Y3). All formulations appeared to be safe and immunogenic during the 3-year follow-up.
Effects of fertilization and stand age on N2O and NO emissions from tea plantations: A site-scale study in a subtropical region using a modified biogeochemical model
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yao Zhisheng , Zheng Xunhua , Liu Chunyan , Wang Rui , Wang Kai , Li Siqi , Han Shenghui , Zuo Qiang , Shi Jianchu
Published: March 2020

Abstract. To meet increasing demands, tea plantations are rapidly expanding in China. Although the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) from tea plantations may be substantially influenced by soil pH reduction and intensive nitrogen fertilization, process model-based studies on this issue are still rare. In this study, the process-oriented biogeochemical model, Catchment Nutrient Management Model – DeNitrification-DeComposition (CNMM-DNDC), was modified by adding tea growth-related processes that may induce a soil pH reduction. Using a dataset for intensively managed tea plantations at a subtropical site, the performances of the original and modified models for simulating the emissions of both gases subject to different fertilization alternatives and stand ages were evaluated. Compared with the observations in early stage of a tea plantation, the original and modified models showed comparable performances for simulating the daily gas fluxes (with Nash-Sutcliffe index (NSI) of 0.10 versus 0.18 for N2O and 0.32 versus 0.33 for NO), annual emissions (with NSI of 0.81 versus 0.94 for N2O and 0.92 versus 0.94 for NO) and annual direct emission factors (EFds). The observations and simulations consistently demonstrated that short-term replacement of urea with oilcake stimulated N2O emissions by ~ 62 % and ~ 36 % and mitigated NO emissions by ~ 25 % and ~ 14 %, respectively. The model simulations resulted in a positive dependence of EFd of either gas against nitrogen doses, implicating the importance of model-based quantification of this key parameter for inventory. In addition, the modified model with pH-related scientific processes showed overall inhibitory effects on the gases emissions in the mid to later stages during a full tea lifetime. In conclusion, the modified CNMM-DNDC exhibits the potential for quantifying N2O and NO emissions from tea plantations under various conditions. Nevertheless, wider validation is still required for simulation of long-term soil pH variations and emissions of both gases from tea plantations.
Integrative and comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE): the concept and initial results
Authors: Petäjä Tuukka , Duplissy Ella-Maria , Tabakova Ksenia , Schmale Julia , Altstädter Barbara , Ancellet Gerard , Arshinov Mikhail , Balin Yrii , Baltensperger Urs , Bange Jens , Beamish Alison , Belan Boris , Berchet Antoine , Bossi Rossana , Cairns Warren R. L. , Ebinghaus Ralf , El Haddad Imad , Ferreira-Araujo Beatriz , Franck Anna , Huang Lin , Hyvärinen Antti , Humbert Angelika , Kalogridis Athina-Cerise , Kontantinov Pavel , Lampert Astrid , MacLeod Matthew , Magand Olivier , Mahura Alexander , Marelle Louis , Masloboev Vladimir , Moisseev Dmitri , Moschos Vaios , Neckel Niklas , Onishi Tatsuo , Osterwalder Stefan , Ovaska Aino , Paasonen Pauli , Panchenko Mikhail , Pankratov Fidel , Pernov Jakob B. , Platis Andreas , Popovicheva Olga , Raut Jean-Christophe , Riandet Aurélie , Sachs Torsten , Salvatori Rosamaria , Salzano Roberto , Schröder Ludwig , Schön Martin , Shevchenko Vladimir , Skov Henrik , Sonke Jeroen E. , Spolaor Andrea , Stathopoulos Vasileios , Strahlendorff Mikko , Thomas Jennie L. , Vitale Vito , Vratolis Sterios , Barbante Carlo , Chabrillat Sabine , Dommergue Aurélien , Eleftheriadis Konstantinos , Heilimö Jyri , Law Kathy S. , Massling Andreas , Noe Steffen M. , Paris Jean-Daniel , Prévôt André , Riipinen Ilona , Wehner Birgit , Xie Zhiyong , Lappalainen Hanna K.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The role of polar regions increases in terms of megatrends such as globalization, new transport routes, demography and use of natural resources consequent effects of regional and transported pollutant concentrations. We set up the ERA-PLANET Strand 4 project iCUPE – integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments to provide novel insights and observational data on global grand challenges with an Arctic focus. We utilize an integrated approach combining in situ observations, satellite remote sensing Earth Observations (EO) and multi-scale modeling to synthesize data from comprehensive long-term measurements, intensive campaigns and satellites to deliver data products, metrics and indicators to the stakeholders concerning the environmental status, availability and extraction of natural resources in the polar areas. The iCUPE work consists of thematic state-of-the-art research and provision of novel data in atmospheric pollution, local sources and transboundary transport, characterization of arctic surfaces and their changes, assessment of concentrations and impacts of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants and their cycling, quantification of emissions from natural resource extraction and validation and optimization of satellite Earth Observation (EO) data streams. In this paper we introduce the iCUPE project and summarize initial results arising out of integration of comprehensive in situ observations, satellite remote sensing and multiscale modeling in the Arctic context.
The HadGEM3-GA7.1 radiative kernel: the importance of a
well-resolved stratosphere
Authors: Smith Christopher J. , Kramer Ryan J. , Sima Adriana
Published: March 2020

Abstract. We present top-of-atmosphere and surface radiative kernels based on the atmospheric component (GA7.1) of the HadGEM3 general circulation model developed by the UK Met Office. We show that the utility of radiative kernels for forcing adjustments in idealised CO2 perturbation experiments is most appropriate where there is sufficiently high resolution in the stratosphere in both the target climate model and the radiative kernel. This is because stratospheric cooling to a CO2 perturbation continues to increase with height, and low-resolution or low-top kernels or climate model output are unable to fully resolve the full stratospheric temperature adjustment. In the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), standard atmospheric model data is available up to 1 hPa on 19 pressure levels, which is a substantial advantage compared to CMIP5. We show in the IPSL-CM6A-LR model where a full set of climate diagnostics are available that the HadGEM3-GA7.1 kernel exhibits linear behaviour and the residual error term is small. From kernels available in the literature we recommend three kernels for adjustment calculations to CO2 and well-mixed greenhouse gas perturbations based on their stratospheric resolution: HadGEM3-GA7.1, ECMWF-Oslo, and ECHAM6. The HadGEM3-GA7.1 radiative kernels are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3594673 (Smith, 2019).
A comparison of estimates of global carbon dioxide emissions
from fossil carbon sources
Authors: Andrew Robbie M.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Since the first estimate of global CO2 emissions was published in 1894, important progress has been made in the development of estimation methods while the number of available datasets has grown. The existence of parallel efforts should lead to improved accuracy and understanding of emissions estimates, but there remains significant deviation between estimates and relatively poor understanding of the reasons for this. Here I describe the most important global emissions datasets available today and – by way of global, large-emitter, and case examples – quantitatively compare their estimates, exploring the reasons for differences. In many cases differences in emissions come down to differences in system boundaries: which emissions sources are included and which are omitted. With minimal work in harmonising these system boundaries across datasets, the range of estimates of global emissions drops to 5 %, and further work on harmonisation would likely result in an even lower range, without changing the data. Some potential errors were found, and some discrepancies remain unexplained, but it is shown to be inappropriate to conclude that uncertainty in emissions is high simply because estimates exhibit a wide range. While true emissions cannot be known, by comparing different datasets methodically, differences that result from system boundaries and allocation approaches can be highlighted and set aside to enable identification of true differences, and potential errors. This must be an important way forward in improving global datasets of CO2 emissions. Data used to generate figures 4–19 are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3687042 (Andrew, 2020).
Prix d’excellence de l’édition 2019 des Ateliers d’été du Fonds Ricœur
Authors: Amalric Jean-Luc
Published: March 2020

Présentation du Prix d’excellence de l’édition 2019 des Ateliers d’été du Fonds Ricœur
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Internationalization of SMEs –Empirical Evidence from Developing Markets
Authors: Osei-Bonsu Nana
Published: March 2020

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) internationalization and entrepreneurial orientation constructs have dominated the entrepreneurship research domain. However, scanty research has made any attempt to empirically understand how entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of CEOs and senior managers of SMEs could influence their internationalization process. This study has addressed that gap by exploring the influences of EO on SMEs internationalization. Qualitative data was collected from eight CEOs and twenty-three senior managers from eight SMEs in four developing markets. Pattern-matching strategy is used to analyze the data by comparing several pieces of information from the CEOs and senior managers to theoretical propositions. The result of this study indicate that entrepreneurial orientation of CEOs and senior managers play a significant role in enhancing the ability of the SMEs to be competitive, innovative, and risk-takers, thus preparing the firms to be more proactive toward international business.
Experiencias sobre metodologías de innovación en Ingeniería industrial
Authors: Van de Velde Wilfredo
Published: March 2020

El presente ensayo aborda experiencias sobre metodologías de innovación en la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en la UNAN-Managua, en su Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria (FAREM) Estelí. A nivel nacional, dicha Facultad es un referente en el desarrollo de procesos de innovación, en ese sentido, se persigue potenciar el trabajo cooperativo con miras a la creación de prototipos funcionales y su posterior presentación a equipos de inversionistas.
Presentación del Dossier
Authors: Lara Martínez Carlos Benjamín
Published: March 2020

No abstracts availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 5-8
La guerra civil, la memoria social y la nación
Authors: DeLugan Robin Maria
Published: March 2020

This work traces some fundamental ideas that can guide the way to approach the collective or social memory of El Salvador’s civil war and its connection with national experience and identity. It considers the themes of group memories, memories as discourse, national memory, history versus memory, and the role of silence and oblivion.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 9-21
Experiencia cartográfica sobre relatos de éxodo, refugio y repoblación en comunidades rurales en El Salvador de posguerra
Authors: Hernández Rivas Georgina
Published: March 2020

This article reflects upon the participative cartography as a methodological tool for work in realms of memory. Its analysis focuses in the experience of cartographical production of inhabitants of the community of Arcatao who experienced, during the 1980’s armed conflict in El Salvador, the stages of exodus, refuge and resettlement. Through these life experiences, they were able to redefine the meaning of territory and the construction of territoriality.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 49-64
Memoria histórica del movimiento campesino de Chalatenango, de Carlos Benjamín Lara Martínez
Authors: Herrera Mena Sajid Alfredo
Published: March 2020

No abstracts available
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 193-196
Beyond displacement
Authors: Lara Martínez Carlos Benjamín
Published: March 2020

No abstracts available
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 205-209
Short communication: Antimicrobial activity of indoleacetic, gibberellic and coumaric acids against Paenibacillus larvae and its toxicity against Apis mellifera
Authors: Szawarski Nicolás , Giménez-Martínez Pablo , Mitton Giulia , Negri Pedro , Meroi Arcerito Facundo , Moliné María P. , Fuselli Sandra , Eguaras Martín , Lamattina Lorenzo , Maggi Matías
Published: March 2020

Aim of study: To explore three isolated phytomolecules: indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), and the secondary metabolite p-coumaric acid (CUM): (1) evaluating their toxicity against Apis mellifera larvae and adults under controlled conditions in the laboratory; (2) searching for antimicrobial activity against Paenibacillus larvae.Area of study: Honey bee larvae and adults were collected from the experimental apiary of the “Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS)” (-37.9348798, -57.682817), Institute of the National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Argentina.Material and methods: Paenibacillus larvae strains were isolated from beehives from different provinces of Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba and Entre Ríos) showing clinical symptoms of the American foulbrood. All strains (S1, S2, S3, S4) were genotypically identified using PL5 and PL4 primers and characterized as genotype ERIC1. Then standard essays were performed to determined toxicity of phytomolecules in honey bees and antimicrobial activity through the broth microdilution method.Main results:  The diet with GA, IAA and CUM did not present toxic effects in larvae or adult bees, and only CUM showed antimicrobial activity against P. larvae. In this study, we obtained in vitro values of MNIC (minimum non-inhibitory concentration) of 500 μg mL-1 and a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 650 μg mL-1 for CUM.Research highlights: The obtained results remark its potential as a natural alternative for the control of P. larvae, avoiding the problems generated by the use of synthetic antibiotics such as the resistance phenomena and the contamination of hive’s products.
Zeolite based gas-diffusion electrodes for secondary metal air batteries
Authors: Slavova Miglena , Mihaylova-Dimitrova Elena , Mladenova Emiliya , Abrashev Borislav , Burdin Blagoy , Vladikova Daria
Published: March 2020

In recent years, secondary metal air batteries have received considerable attention as promising technology for energy storage in combination with renewable energy sources. The oxidation of carbon in conventional gas-diffusion electrodes reduces the life of the secondary metal-air batteries. Replacement of the carbon-based material with zeolite is a possible solution for overcoming this problem which is the aim of this work.Zeolite is a natural or synthetic porous material which provides the necessary gas permeability. The required hydrophobicity of the electrodes is ensured by mixing the zeolite with an appropriate amount of polytetrafluoroethylene following a specially developed procedure.The experiments are performed in a home designed test cell which ensures measurements in both half-cell and full cell configuration. In this study the testing is carried out in 3-electrode homemade half-cell configuration with hydrogen reference electrode. The cell was subjected to cycling at charge/discharge current ± 2 mA/cm2 respectively.The obtained results show that the replacement of carbon with zeolite in the gas diffusion layer is a promising direction for optimization of the gas diffusion electrode.
Implementation of psychological and pedagogical assistance at school - system assumptions and educational reality
Authors: Kanclerz Bożena
Published: March 2020

The article is an attempt to refl ect on how to implement psychological and pedagogical assistance at school from the perspective of diffi culties and challenges that teachers, school educators, other specialists and students may e ncounter during organized assistance. The aim of the article is to show how working with
documents translates into actual activities and work with children. In the introduction, the author refers to the theoretical foundations related to the implementation of psychological and pedagogical assistance, then referring to the subject literature, to the analysis of research results and reports as well as to her own experience, attempts to reconstruct system and relational challenges in the implementation of psychological and pedagogical assistance at school. Conclusions and recommendations refer to system changes and communication theory. The summary refers to the basic assumptions of the teacher’s work, which set the way of thinking about the student as a full-fl edged subject in the relationship in the educational process.
Biografiebasierte Maßnahmen in der schulischen Präventions- und Bildungsarbeit
Authors: Gansewig Antje , Walsh Maria
Published: March 2020

For decades, autobiographical narratives have formed an integral part of school prevention and educational work in Germany. They are not only widespread in the prevention of extremism but are also used to impart historical thinking or to prevent violence and substance abuse. For the most part, however, sound evaluations on this topic are not available. This monograph provides the first comprehensive academic examination of school-based prevention measures conducted by former extremists: On the one hand examining the application practice across Germany by means of a data collection consisting of interviews, postal survey and media analysis; On the other hand comprehensively evaluating, with robust design and sufficiently large sample, an illustrative primary prevention school measure conducted by a former right-wing extremist. The focus lies on the effects of the measure on the pupils.
Schuldrecht Besonderer Teil
Authors: Hirsch Christoph
Published: March 2020

Das beliebte Lehrbuch des Besonderen Schuldrechts in aktueller Neuauflage mit neuem Kaufrecht, Werkvertragsrecht und Reiserecht. Alles aus einer Hand, alles in einem Band, vom Kaufrecht bis zu den Unerlaubten Handlungen.

Jede der 62 „Lerneinheiten“ beginnt mit einem Einführungsfall aus der neueren Rechtsprechung, der ausführlich im Gutachtenstil besprochen wird. Es folgen die eigentlichen Lerneinheiten, die zwar „Theorie“ bieten, sie aber an vielen weiteren Beispielen aus der Praxis verdeutlichen. So werden die Probleme auch für Anfänger leicht verständlich. Hirsch schreibt so anschaulich und praxisnah, dass das Lesen zum Vergnügen wird.
Internationales Gesellschaftsrecht der deutschen typenvermischten Personengesellschaften
Authors: Ludwig Christoph
Published: March 2020

Die Arbeit stellt eine umfassende Analyse des nationalen Kollisions- und materiellen Gesellschaftsrechts für die Wahl des Sitzes typenvermischter Personengesellschaften unter Berücksichtigung der Niederlassungsfreiheit von Anteilsinhabern und Leitungspersonen dar. Sie prüft an diesem Maßstab die rechtliche Zulässigkeit der Verwaltungssitzwahl im EU-Ausland, die bei einer deutschen (z.B. GmbH) oder EU-ausländischen (z.B. S.à.r.l.) Kapitalgesellschaft & Co. KG in der Praxis beliebt ist. Die Frage ist bereits für „reine“ Personengesellschaften umstritten; nach bislang h.M. gilt als Sitz von Personengesellschaften der Verwaltungssitz, der nicht im Ausland liegen darf. Gerade bei einer Kapitalgesellschaft & Co. KG spitzt sich die Problematik aber zu: Denn deren Verwaltungssitz entspricht regelmäßig dem der Kapitalgesellschaft, liegt bei einer EU-ausländischen typischerweise im Ausland und sollte durch das MoMiG 2008 auch von deutschen Kapitalgesellschaften im Ausland gewählt werden dürfen.
The Effect of Peer Review on Writing Skill of EFL Students
Authors: Shokrpour Nasrin , Keshavarz Nikta , Jafari Seyed Mohammad
Published: March 2020

Today more attention has been paid to peer-feedback/evaluation of students’ compositions at different levels. As such, the present study aims at investigating the interaction patterns among EFL learners, the effects of peer review techniques on improving the learners’ writing skill, and also the motivation aroused by writing in a synchronous writing environment of an EFL context. Fifty EFL students at the intermediate level were enrolled and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. During a three-month period, both groups were instructed writing. The control group received the traditional teacher-correction/feedback procedure whereas the experimental group was provided with a one-hour of instruction on peer review at the beginning of the term and peer review process was run in this class. The data were collected using a background questionnaire, a pre-test and a post-test for language proficiency and writing skill, a peer response sheet, writing criteria and guideline sheet, and a topic list sheet. The results of the study indicated that the writings of the students in the experimental group improved more than those in the control group. Also, those engaged in peer review method were motivated to write more essays and enjoyed writing. It was concluded that peer review provides learners with an authentic audience, increases the students’ motivation for writing and enables them to receive different views on their writing.