bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Solution of Schrodinger Equation for Morse Potential using Matrix Methods with Fourier Sine Basis
Authors: sharma Aditi
Published: December 2020

In this paper, an elegant and easy to implement numerical method using matrix mechanics approach is proposed, to solve the time independent Schrodinger equation (TISE) for Morse potential. It is specifically applied to non-homogeneous diatomic molecule HCl to obtain its rotating-vibrator spectrum. While matrix diagonalization technique is utilised for solving TISE, model parameters for Morse potential are optimized using variational Monte-Carlo (VMC) approach by minimizing $\chi^2-$ value. Thus, validation with experimental vibrational frequencies is completely numerical based with no recourse to analytical solutions. The ro-vibrational spectra of HCl molecule obtained using the optimized parameters through VMC have resulted in least $\chi^2-$ value as compared to those determined using best parameters from multiple regression analysis of analytical expressions. Numerical algorithm for solving the Hamiltonian matrix has been implemented utilizing Free Open Source Software (FOSS) Scilab and simulation results are matching well with those obtained using analytical solutions from Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method and asymptotic iteration method (AIM).
A system for assessing the functional state of blood flow in the skin surface layers by the speckle structure of multiply scattered optical radiation
Authors: Abramovich N. D. , Dick S. K.
Published: December 2020

Assessment of the parameters of skin microcirculation is an urgent and important task of modern medicine in the development of methods for diagnosing diseases of the nervous system. The system for assessing the functional state of blood flow in the skin surface layers in the wavelength range from 400 to 850 nm has been improved based on the use of an extended mathematical model of the propagation of optical radiation in human skin by taking into account additional parameters: optical anisotropy of the skin, diameter and shape of erythrocytes in the dermis layer, blood pressure in the brachial artery in the range from 90/60 to 195/130 mm·Hg, plasma protein concentration in the blood (α1, α2, β1, β2, γ-globulins and fibrinogen, g/l), rheological properties of blood flow with a diameter of blood vessels from 4.5 to 500 microns in the skin surface layers, skin temperature from +35 to +41 °C. The developed system makes it possible to determine the severity of microhemodynamic shifts in relation to metabolic disorders, improve diagnosis and evaluate the treatment efficacy of a number of neurological disorders; it also made it possible to reduce the patient examination time and increase the accuracy of measuring the blood flow microcirculation parameters by 10 % (linear and volumetric blood flow velocities) to detect blood flow disturbances in the surface layers of the skin in the normal and abnormal condition of the nervous system.
Model of electromagnetic field effect on biological tissues.
Authors: Kamlach Р. V. , Hroda D. S. , Churakov A. V. , Kamlach V. I. , Bondarik V. М. , Madveika S. I. , Klyuev A. P.
Published: December 2020

The design of modern devices for extracorporeal magnetotherapy should be preceded by physical and mathematical modeling of all stages of the technology of the effect of magnetic fields on various types of body tissues, taking into account their dielectric properties. This is necessary to create an electromagnetic field with the necessary biotropic parameters. In this work, a mathematical model of the effect of electromagnetic field on biological tissues, such as muscles, skin and adipose tissue, is constructed. The mathematical model takes into account various parameters of biological tissue, such as electrical conductivity and relative dielectric constant. Based on the model, the parameters of the response in biological tissues (the amplitude of the response in the tissue and the maximum value of the current in the tissue) were calculated in the innovative Sim4Life 5.2 platform. To test the mathematical model, a laboratory model was used to measure the electrical characteristics of biological tissue. During the research, experiments were carried out with three biological samples: adipose tissue, muscle tissue and skin. The dependences of the response amplitude in biological samples on the output signal power are plotted. The results obtained characterize the use of the proposed operation algorithm in a complex based on the Sim4Life 5.2 platform and simulation of electromagnetic field with a biological object that is optimal for the creation and examination of technologies and devices for magnetotherapy and inductors of extracorporeal effects of magnetic field. This work will make it possible to familiarize a wider range of different experts with the capabilities of the platform not only for modeling new medical devices, but also for the examination of available and those already applied in healthcare.
Numerical simulation of the sensor for toxic nanoparticles based on the heterostructure field effect transistor
Authors: Volcheck V. S. , Stempitsky V. R.
Published: December 2020

A significant rise in the mass production of products that contain nanoparticles is of growing concern due to the detection of their toxic effects on living organisms. The standard method for analyzing the toxicity of substances, including nanomaterials, is toxicological testing, which requires the substantial consumption of time and material resources. An alternative approach is to develop models that predict the effect of nanomaterials on biological systems. In both cases, for the detection of nanoparticles an effective electronic complex consisting of a sensor with high sensitivity and a data reception/processing/transmission system is necessary. In recent times, fundamental and applied research activities aimed at the application of heterostructure field-effect transistors – high electron mobility transistors–as a base for such sensors have been undertaken. The purpose of this work is to develop a technique for modeling a sensor for toxic nanoparticles based on the heterostructure field-effect transistor. The object of the research is a gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor device structure. The subject of the research is the electrical characteristics of the transistor obtained in static mode. The calculation results show that the dependence between the concentration of the toxic nanoparticles in the test medium and the polarization charge surface density could serve as a base for modeling the sensor for toxic nanoparticles based on the heterostructure field-effect transistor. The primary advantage of the proposed technique is the use of the scaling parameter intended directly for calibrating the polarization charge density in accordance with the two-dimensional electron gas concentration. The obtained results can be utilized by the electronics industry of the Republic of Belarus for developing the hardware components of gallium nitride high-frequency electronics.
Scaled III–V-on-Si transistors for low-power logic and memory applications
Authors: Caimi Daniele , Sousa Marilyne , Karg Siegfried , Zota Cezar B.
Published: December 2020

III–V semiconductors, such as indium-rich InGaAs, are promising as replacements for the Si channel in CMOS technology. In this work, we demonstrate a scaled III–V FinFET technology, integrated on Si substrates using a direct wafer bonding technique. Logic performance down to physical gate lengths of 20 nm and fin widths of 15 nm is explored. Narrow-bandgap materials such as these are susceptible to band-to-band tunneling in the off-state, which enhances the parasitic bipolar effect (an accumulation of holes in the channel region). We here examine the use of source and drain spacers to mitigate this effect, showing a two orders of magnitude improvement in the off-state characteristics of scaled III–V FETs. The parasitic bipolar effect can also be beneficial in enabling a memory effect in the FET. In the second part of the work, we explore this effect towards capacitorless 1 T DRAM cells. We show that the use of a quantum well in these devices can enhance retention times and lead to a significant reduction of the power density.
Defect reduction and dopant activation of in situ phosphorus-doped silicon on a (111) silicon substrate using nanosecond laser annealing
Authors: Shin Hyunsu , Lee Juhee , Ko Eunjung , Kim Eunha , Ko Dae-Hong
Published: December 2020

In situ phosphorus-doped silicon (ISPD) has been actively investigated as a source/drain material. However, defect formation during the epitaxial growth of ISPD layers in 3D structures deteriorate the device performance. In this study, we investigate the elimination of inherent defects in ISPD layers using nanosecond laser annealing (NLA). High-density twin- and stacking-fault defects in the ISPD layers cause strain relaxation and dopant deactivation. The NLA process dramatically reduces or eliminates the defects, consequently generating the strain and electrically activating the incorporated phosphorous. The ISPD epitaxial growth and subsequent NLA processes will be robust methods for the fabrication of advanced 3D devices.
A near-field vector sensing strategy for three-dimensional large-scale hybrid sound absorption
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Kean , Zhang Yanni , Xu Jian
Published: December 2020

A near-field vector sensing (VS) strategy is developed for three-dimensional (3D) large-scale hybrid sound absorption based on a lightweight structure. By simultaneously detecting sound pressures and normal particle velocities at discrete positions on the absorbing surface, the reflected sound power is minimized to obtain the optimal secondary excitation. For the one-dimensional case, low-frequency quasi-perfect absorption could be realized by one-point VS. For the 3D case (at the incident angle of 20°), the optimized two-point VS is able to realize commendable broadband absorption from 50 to 800 Hz and extraordinary absorption between 50 and 300 Hz.
Dissolution kinetics of main-chain-scission-type resist in organic developers
Authors: Nakajima Ayako , Matsuo Keiko , Kozawa Takahiro
Published: December 2020

Main-chain-scission-type resists have been widely used for the fabrication of nanodevices. A copolymer consisting of methyl α-chloroacrylate and α-methylstyrene, known as the ZEP series of ZEON, is a popular main-chain-scission-type positive-tone resist. In this study, the dissolution kinetics were investigated using the ZEP series to clarify the effects of the molecular weight distribution and developer on the dissolution kinetics of the main-chain-scission-type resist. The thickness of the transiently swelling layer in hexyl acetate development was less than that in pentyl acetate development. The thickness of the transiently swelling layer depended on the molecular weight distribution of resist polymers.
Index Assessment of Changes in the Balance of Economic Interests and Expectations of the Seller and the Buyer in Market Transactions
Authors: Kuritsyn A. V. , Rumyantseva A. Yu. , Lazareva N. A. , Kushnarenko T. V.
Published: December 2020

The presented study addresses the problem of the correlation between the economic interests of market transaction participants and the market expectations of the seller and the buyer. Innovative balance indices of price and quantity are proposed to be used as a tool for solving this problem.

Aim. The study aims to show how the balance indices of price and quantity can be used to achieve a parity compromise in market transactions with a fixed purchase and sale budget, which is the optimal result for the seller and the buyer and ensures the stability of mutually beneficial market relations between economic agents.

Tasks. To achieve the set aim, the authors analyze the commodity-money balance of interests and its structure from the perspective of the seller and the buyer; substantiate the need to build a balance of market expectations; assess the possibility of using the index method as a synthetic method to resolve (according to Hegel) contradictions between interests and expectations by combining them.

Methods. This study uses methods of mathematical analysis, numerical methods of approximate evaluation of functions, index method, method of analogies, provisions of theories of adaptive and rational expectations.

Results. The Laspeyres and Paasche indices can be interpreted as changes in the adaptive and rational expectations of economic agents respectively. It is proved that the balance indices of price and quantity are the coordinates of the point of parity compromise, where “pure” and “mixed” market expectations and economic interests of the seller and the buyer converge.

Conclusions. It is established that in market transactions with a fixed budget, the balance of economic interests on a compensatory basis is beneficial for the seller and absolutely not beneficial for the buyer. In order for the balance of interests to be beneficial for both participants of the transaction, it must be viewed through the prism of the balance of market expectations. Balance indices of price and quantity serve as a tool that establishes a connection between the balances of market expectations and economic interests.
Problems of Cooperation between the Caspian States: Investment and Legal Aspects
Authors: Zembatova B. V. , Yakovlev I. A.
Published: December 2020

Aim. The presented study aims to substantiate the objective need for legal regulation of interaction between the Caspian states in the development of Caspian resources as a starting point for balanced economic cooperation.

Tasks. The authors develop baselines for analyzing the state of economic cooperation between the Caspian Five countries, laws and regulations adopted by the Caspian states to regulate interaction in the Caspian Sea; analyze the impact of the current legal regulator of relations on the possibility, nature, and directions of cooperation between the Caspian states in the investment sphere and key sectors (energy, trade, transport, etc.).

Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition in various aspects to substantiate approaches to analyzing the legal framework of Caspian economic cooperation, identify key problems of regulating the rights of the Caspian Five states as owners of the Caspian Sea, and propose major directions for solving these problems.

Results. Analysis of laws and regulations governing the interaction between the Caspian Five states in the usage of the Caspian Sea and its resources in the context of the current stage of development of their relations shows the uncertainty of the legal status of the Caspian Sea to be the main reason for economic problems in the cooperation between the Caspian states. The identified problems determine the selection of approaches to the formation of the fundamentals of legal regulation of interaction between the Caspian states and their application to determining the content of such concepts as “the Caspian Sea as an object of law”, “legal status of the Caspian Sea”, and the principles of formation of norms regulating the legal status of the Caspian Sea serving as the main missing elements of the legal framework of cooperation between the Caspian states – the owners of the Caspian Sea and its resources.

Conclusions. Establishing the legal status of the Caspian Sea has become one of the main goals and at the same time a major problem of interaction between the Caspian states in the investment sphere, energy, trade, and transport infrastructure since their unification into the five co-owners of the Caspian Sea. This problem has not been resolved to this day.
Criteria for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Innovative Transformation of Business Structures
Authors: Golubetskaya N. P. , Kurlov A. V.
Published: December 2020

The presented study comprehensively analyzes criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative transformation of business structures, which involves step-by-step strategy development, its implementation, relevant management decisions, and controlling functions.

Aim. By analyzing the features of transformation of business structures in modern geo-economic conditions, the study aims to propose conceptual approaches to the formation of criteria for evaluating the results of innovative transformations at all levels of socio-economic system management.

Tasks. In accordance with the aim of the study, the authors propose approaches to classifying the innovative transformations performed by companies depending on market conditions; formulate a conceptual model of innovative transformations of business structures in accordance with the strategic goal of modernizing technological processes and services; examine methods for optimizing the stages of converting research and development into finished products based on digital technologies with allowance for the evaluation of the results of innovative transformations of companies.

Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine specific features of innovative transformation of business structures and formulate conceptual approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of innovative processes in companies using mathematical modeling and digital technologies for building and analyzing algorithms for optimizing management decisions aimed at implementing innovative transformation at all levels of management with allowance for geopolitical risks and changes in the external environment.

Results. A comprehensive analysis of theoretical and practical research allowed the authors to examine priority directions of innovative transformation of business structures at all stages – from a scientific idea, fundamental and applied research to the finished product or service, with allowance for financial and geopolitical risks. Innovative transformation of business structures is influenced by the introduction of digital technologies that make it possible to optimize business processes, reducing operating costs and enhancing the competitive advantages of business entities.

Conclusions. In modern conditions, innovative transformation of companies is based on corporate information and communication systems that make it possible to optimize management decisions aimed at implementing a sustainable development strategy, upgrading, monitoring, planning, forecasting technological processes of regional economic entities. Innovative transformation of business structures largely depends on approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of developed and implemented management decisions and mathematical modeling scenarios with allowance for changes in the external environment and geopolitical risks. The digital economy has created the prerequisites for administrative and managerial transformation of companies through innovative processes.
Modern Education: Development Trends and Prospects
Authors: Demina S. P.
Published: December 2020

Aim. The presented study aims to analyze and critically re-evaluate current trends in the development of education.

Tasks. The authors examine the concept of lifelong learning; identify the strengths and weaknesses of modern digital technologies such as gamification, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR); show the prospects for the development of education through distance learning.

Methods. This study is based on a systems approach using methods of comparative and structural analysis, analytical and theoretical generalization.

Results. Current trends in the development of education associated with the introduction of digital technologies are considered, and the prospects for the development of the industry are determined.

Conclusions. The concepts of lifelong learning and practice-oriented education are becoming increasingly widespread in the context of the digital economy and labor market transformation. The forced transition to distance learning driven by the COVID-19 pandemic has become a catalyst for rapid changes in education. Digital educational technologies such as VR and AR expand the possibilities of the natural educational environment, while also bearing certain risks.
Students teaching other students
Authors: Pagani Valentina
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic situation that overwhelmed us still strongly questions university teaching today. The research reports a classroom’s activity based on self-assessment (SA) and peer-feedback (PF)activities. The result is connected to the combination of three key points for effective teaching: 1) an active role of the students involved in the activity, 2) an effective use of technology based on a Student Response System (SRS), and 3) a sustained pedagogical training for teachers suddenly catapulted to new teaching methods. The design used, developed in the Italian university context, can be developed totally online, guaranteeing new skills and new learning, in view of a hypothetical, and not so unexpected, return to distance learning.
Dilemmi digitali e governance dell’identità digitale dei minori: l’interazione fra pari come opportunità informale di media education
Authors: Cino Davide
Published: December 2020

The contribution investigates parents’ digital dilemmas associated with sharenting as an informal learning opportunity to rethink and orient their online sharing behavior. The paper reports on some results of an exploratory study based on the analysis of online conversations on a parenting forum focused on these dilemmas. Findings suggest that the interactional context where such exchange takes place can function as an informal learning environment, fostering informal peer-to-peer media education practices for parents in the digital age.
Valuations by Spanish university students on online assessment in times of pandemic
Authors: Díez-Gutiérrez Enrique Javier , Gajardo Espinoza Katherine
Published: December 2020

This study describes the assessment that university students make regarding the model of evaluation of Higher Education during the period of confinement by COVID-19 in Spain. We developed a descriptive study through an online questionnaire designed from the assessment and qualification proposals presented by Spanish Network of University Quality Agencies (REACU), The National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation (ANECA), UNESCO and the Spanish Ministry of Universities. Following its application to a sample of 1008 students from across the country, it is observed that university students demand greater flexibility in online assessment, introduce learning-oriented assessment practices in accordance with a formative and continuous assessment approach, in addition to using various strategies and instruments. However, they are reluctant to introduce peer evaluation mechanisms, although they do propose democratic evaluation. The future of Higher Education, after COVID-19, is adopting hybrid and mixed models of training and evaluation, so it is imperative to investigate students’ vision and analyse the practices developed during the crisis to reinforce an assessment in Higher Education that ensures equity and enhances learning.
Costruire strumenti per lo sviluppo dell’intelligenza visuo-spaziale in età prescolare: il modello software VIEP-app
Authors: Vegliante Rosa , Miranda Sergio
Published: December 2020

The health emergency caused by Covid-19 and the suspension of teaching activities in presence have required a total rethinking of the school system. Kindergarten has been most affected by the consequences of an exclusively remote system. The purpose of this paper is to present the theoretical-empirical premises of a playful-educational software model, the VIEP-app, a user-friendly application, aimed at increasing visual-spatial skills through a cognitive enhancement program that could be used in distance learning experiences. From a methodological point of view, this paper reports the experimental evidence relating to the connection between visual-spatial intelligence and the preschool period, using first and second level studies (systematic reviews or meta-analyzes). The review process made it possible to aggregate the different sources into three thematic areas: (i) the components of working memory; (ii) the exercise on executive functions in visual-spatial tests; (iii) the didactic effectiveness of the cognitive enhancement programs. The paper also concludes with some summary considerations on the possible research trends and their advancements are presented.
Didattica e apprendimento nei musei nell’era della pandemia di COVID-19
Authors: Muscarà Marinella , Romano Alessandro
Published: December 2020

Moving from the consideration that the museum does not represent only a place of preservation, collection and promotion of cultural heritage but a vital learning space, the article aims to investigate the role that technologies and media have played in the museum during the first phase of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. In particular, the authors reflect on the issues of the recognition of some museum practices as educational practices, on the use of technologies for cultural heritage education and for its use and on the digital initiatives proposed by museums in order to reconnect with the variety publics, in particular children and young people, during the period of social isolation. There is therefore a need, also in the context of non-formal learning, to reconsider the value of ICT to redesign and reshape teaching and learning practices, outlining new perspectives and educational implications.
L’uso dei media da parte dei musei nell’era della pandemia Covid-19: criticità e potenzialità
Authors: Benedetti Daniela
Published: December 2020

The closing to the public due to the health emergency led museums to publish on the web a considerable amount of digital contents, in several cases self-produced. The modest diffusion in the Italian museums of a planned and conscious use of digital communication, resulting in part from the peculiarities of the national scene, revealed during the pandemic. It’s appropriate move from the need to provide over the internet displays of resilience or contents alternatives to the possibility to go to the museum to a rethinking of the online offer, extremely challenging task for the several small and medium Italian museums, with few professional and economic resources.
O uso do ácido tricloroacético para avulsão química de unhas com onicomicose. Relato de caso
Authors: Sgroi Marisa , França Eliene
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o uso do ácido tricloroacético 90% (ATA 90%) como adjuvante químico para avulsão de unhas com onicomicose, verificando riscos e benefícios ao paciente. Método: Trata-se de um estudo tipo relato de casos, no qual participaram 26 indivíduos com hipótese diagnóstica de onicomicose. As unhas foram quantificadas, medidas, fotografadas e classificadas em onicomicose subungueal distal e onicomicose subungueal proximal, de acordo com o comprometimento da lúnula. A intervenção consistiu na avulsão mecânica da placa ungueal contaminada e aplicação do ATA 90% na placa ungueal residual, sobre o leito ungueal exposto e região periungueal. No retorno dos indivíduos, após 7 dias, foram observados os efeitos do ATA 90%. Resultados:. O ATA 90% não causou o efeito químico desejado de descolamento da placa ungueal, porém causou a descamação da pele nas áreas onde foi aplicado. A redução parcial de tamanho das unhas foi resultado da técnica de onicotomia com instrumental adequado realizado pelo podologista. Conclusão: A avulsão mecânica da unha e a descamação da pele provocada pelo ATA 90% pode beneficiar o paciente no tratamento da onicomicose melhorando a aparência local e motivando-o ao autocuidado e ao tratamento. O podologista pode auxiliar a equipe de saúde com o manejo das contaminações fúngicas e com a educação dos pacientes.
EMERGENCE OF TELE-REHABILITATION IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICAL THERAPY
Authors: Amir Khan Amna
Published: December 2020

Accessibility of patients/clients towards rehabilitation services, a core area is difficult to approach but not impossible; requiring effective applicability. A number of factors are limiting the availability of health care services not only in Pakistan but throughout the International market, including: physical distance from health facilities, an impairment preventing or restricting attendance at a local service, a lack of clinicians and transportation in any specific area or the inadequate provision of resources in a geographical region.It has almost been 2 decades, when Tele Health (TH) emerged in the field of medicine and other Allied Health Care professions still the implementation is negligible.
SCAFFOLDING OF ETHICAL DECISION MAKING
Authors: Farhad Ali
Published: December 2020

Ethical guidelines for safeguarding the Human subject were published in 1979 to provide the idealistic groundwork for existing laws prevailing research for human subjects. The guidance and rule in this regards had already been set forth by “Nuremberg Code” and “Helsinki Declaration” but the Belmont Report has done a yeoman service in developing the three basic fundamental ethical rules which are: respect for person, beneficence and justice. Indeed there are many other principles applied in ethical decision making during research but these rules are providing inclusive scaffolding for ethical decision making in research concerning human subjects.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ANKLE JOINT TAPING COMBINED WITH FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR THE CORRECTION OF POST STROKE FOOT DROP
Authors: Aamir Khan Amna , Abbas Hassan , Naseer Ahmed Rabbia , Salman Maria
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Post stroke foot is inability to lift foot at ankle joint due to paralysis of ankle dorsiflexor muscles. It is a common problem faced by stroke survivors. To determine the effect of ankle joint taping combined with functional electrical stimulation on post stroke foot drop.
METHODS
It was an experimental study. 10 stroke patients with foot drop were enlisted for the study by convenience sampling and randomized into two groups. The group A or treatment group (n-5) received kinesiotaping of ankle joint and functional electrical stimulation while group B or control group (n-5) received functional electrical stimulation only. Clinical assessment was done before and after study. Outcome measures were Manual Muscle Testing, active ankle dorsiflexion and time up and go test.
RESULTS
Improvement was recorded in both kinesiotaping of ankle joint with functional electrical stimulation and functional electrical stimulation groups for MMT and active range of ankle dorsiflexion and there was no significant improvement in time up and go test. But statistically non-significant difference between both groups is observed (Z=-2.000, p=0.46).
CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that there is no clear benefit of ankle joint taping combined with functional electrical stimulation for correction of post stroke foot drop.

Keywords: Foot Drop, Functional Electrical Stimulation, Ankle Joint Taping, Kinesiotaping, Dorsiflexion, Manual Muscle Testing
COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF CERVICAL TRACTION AND CERVICAL MOBILIZATION IN THE TREATMENT OF CERVICOGENIC HEADACHE
Authors: Farhad Ali , Abdul Razzaq Zainab , Sobia Bibi , Saleem Saad , Shaheen Fareeda
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study is to ferret out the immediate results of traction or mobilization in neck pain patients and to determine which one is more effective.
STUDY DESIGN
An Experimental study.
STUDY SETTINGS & PARTICIPANTS
The study was conducted in outpatient departments of tertiary care hospitals and clinics having well developed physiotherapy center. The participants include individuals having upper extremity pain and numbness and have three out of four cervical nerve compression test positive.
INTERVENTIONS
Treatment was given for three days in a week for a consecutive period of two weeks which includes traction and cervical mobilization techniques of Mulligan.
OUTCOME MEASURES
The outcome was measure using VAS and Neck Disability index scale. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20
RESULTS
Patients (N=50) were screened out of which 30 were found eligible. The effect of traction and mobilization in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy patient was same. Both the interventions were found to be equally effective in reducing the disability and pain of the patient.
CONCLUSIONS
This study has concluded that the effects of traction and mobilization in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy patient were same. Both the interventions were found to be equally effective in reducing the disability and pain of the patient.

Keywords: Cervical Spine, Neck Disability Index, NDI, Visual Analog Scale, Natural Apophyseal Glides, NAGS, Sustained Natural Epiphyseal, Manual Traction
НЕВІДВОРОТНІСТЬ ПЕРЕХОДУ УКРАЇНИ ДО ВІДНОВЛЮВАНОЇ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ
Authors: Тучинський Б.Г. , Кудря С.О. , Іванченко І.В. , Іванчук В.Ю.
Published: December 2020

В статті розглянуто суттєві проблеми сучасної української електроенергетики. Зношеність енергетичного обладнання ТЕС і АЕС перевищує допустимі проектні ліміти, що зменшує стійкість постачання електроенергії споживачам, збільшує обсяги локальних і глобальних шкідливих викидів, збільшує питомі витрати палива на ТЕС і АЕС, а з цим – збільшує собівартість і ціну продажу електроенергії. Ще одним з викликів для електроенергетики України є залежність від імпорту палива. Пріоритетний розвиток виробництва електроенергії з відновлюваних джерел енергії, обраний європейськими країнами, дозволив подолати проблеми фізичного і морального зносу обладнання, доступу до енергоносіїв, екологічної чистоти роботи електростанцій, ефективності виробництва електроенергії для інвесторів і для держави. Для України є дуже важливим цей позитивний європейський досвід подолання кризи в електроенергетиці.
За даними International Energy Agency в період 2014-2035 рр. інвестиції у відновлювані технології виробництва електроенергії в країнах ЄС перевищать інвестиції в галузі традиційної енергетики (ТЕС і АЕС) разом взяті, більше ніж у три рази.
Результати функціонування європейської електроенергетики за новим “низьковуглецевим” курсом засвідчують, що стратегічні рішення в європейській електроенергетиці були вдалими – країни Європи подолали всі перешкоди розвитку.
Зважаючи на подібність багатьох нагальних проблем української і європейської електроенергетики, а також на значний енергетичний потенціал відновлюваних джерел енергії України, зокрема енергії сонця та вітру — 2273 млрд кВт∙год у рік, стратегічні рішення для української електроенергетики мають враховувати відповідний європейський досвід пріоритетного розвитку виробництва електроенергії з відновлюваних джерел енергії. Крім того, проведений аналіз дає обґрунтований висновок, що відновлювані технології виробництва електроенергії найбільш привабливі для інвесторів.
Бібл. 19, табл. 8, рис. 12.
Los indigenas en la insurrección de Huanuco en 1812
Authors: Grabowska Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

In the beginning of the 19th century the traditional authority of the Spanish monarchy was decreased as a result of a series of historic events. This led to processes of struggle for independence in Spanish colonies. This process in Peru is regarded to have encountered much bigger opposition by the pro-Spanish forces than in other colonies. This may be due to Peruvian anti-indigenous sentiments. One of the most important manifestations of this struggle for independence was the uprising in the Huánuco province. The article describes this uprising and analyzes its ethnic background.
El pensamiento filosófico y social latinoamericano desde perspectiva europea oriental
Authors: Górski Eugeniusz
Published: December 2020

Abstract/ short description

The article presents an overview of philosophical developments in Latin America. Its aim is to relate the Latin American philosophical thought to its Polish equivalents. For example: the emergence of the so-called Liberation Theology in the beginning was greatly contested by Polish Catholic philosophers. Later they became less critical as they started to compare Liberation theology to the ideas of 19th Century Catholic clergy that opposed the partition of Poland. Despite this and many other influences Górski concludes that relations between eastern European and Latin American philosophical thoughts were limited.

Short description written by Michal Gilewski
Analisis Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Higher Order Thinking Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Ainun Maghfiroh  , Restu Ria Wantika
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemecahan masalah Higher Order Thinking yang ditinjau dari gaya kognitif siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan data hasil GEFT (Group Embedded Figure Test), data hasil penyelesaian soal – soal berpikir tingkat tinggi (Higher Order Thinking) dan juga data hasil wawancara pada dua subjek siswa SMA Negeri 1 Taman. Dua subjek tersebut terdiri dari satu subjek dengan gaya kognitif field independent dan juga satu subjek dengan gaya kognitif field dependent. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan empat indikator pemecahan masalah Polya. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menujukkan hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) Siswa dengan gaya kognitif field independent dinyatakan mampu pada seluruh indikator pemecahan masalah Polya pada masalah matematika higher order thinking dengan tingkatan kognitif analyze (menganalisis), evaluate (mengevaluasi) dan create (menciptakan). (2) Siswa dengan gaya kognitif field dependent dinyatakan mampu pada seluruh indikator pemecahan masalah Polya pada masalah matematika higher order thinking dengan tingkatan kognitif analyze (menganalisis) dan create (menciptakan). Akan tetapi kurang mampu pada indikator merencanakan atau merancang strategi pemecahan masalah, indikator melaksanakan perhitungan serta indikator memeriksa kembali kebenaran hasil atau solusi pada tingkatan kognitif evaluate (mengevaluasi).
Information technology as an economic security tool
Authors: Korelov Oleg , Morozov Oleg
Published: December 2020

According to the main features of the modern stage of civilization, the structure of the productive forces of society has been considered, the main tasks of their

transformation have been revealed, and the role of information technologies in

their solution is justified.
Corruption in the sphere of public procurement in terms of providing healthcare in the Russian Federation
Authors: Feshina Stella , Orlova Liubov , Tsvetkova Olga
Published: December 2020

The article presents an urgent problem that affects many countries around

the world. The paper disclose the basic concepts of corruption, examines the

facts and consequences of committing corruption-related crimes in the field

of public procurement in terms of providing health care in the Russian Federation. At the same time, statistical data of studies on the study of proposals

of the public procurement market in Russia, as well as ways of improving

the system of combating and preventing corruption in Russia are presented. On the basis of the analysis, the importance of control over the sphere

of public procurement in terms of providing health care in the Russian Federation is explained.
Regional institutions for financial control in the system of providing regional economic security
Authors: Chebotarev Vladislav , Shokh Margarita
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the problems of functioning of regional control and

accounting institutions, describes their role in the system of ensuring economic security of the subjects of the Federation, and justifies the need to

develop their legal regulation, methodological and information support.
ETHNOMEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANTS USED BY THE LOCAL PEOPLE OF AL GALABAT LOCALITIES, GEDAREF STATE, SUDAN
Authors: Yahia Sulieman  , Haidar Abd Algadir  , Ikram Madani
Published: December 2020

This research aims to document the medicinal plants used by the local people in two localities of El Gadaref state in eastern Sudan. Information was obtained during several visits using a semi-structured questionnaires in group discussions at herbal medicine practitioners homes, market, and healers shops. Most of the information was obtained from respondents of age 51 to 65 years. The study documented 79 species belonging to 36 families used to treat various ailments. The most utilized plant families were Leguminosae ( 45%) followed by Combretaceae (11%). 7% of the total plants used belongs to Asteraceae, Capparaceae, and Solanaceae. This study document the use of Martynia annua fruits to treat tumors and dysentery for the first time in Sudan. Common treated diseases are abdominal pains, unary tract infections, fever, and malaria. Further pharmacological research studies are recommended to identify the active chemical components in the reported plants.
KEYWORDS- Medicinal plants; local people; Gadarif state ; Sudan
Art-market in the economic system of a state and its regions
Authors: Davymuka Stepan , Fedulova Lyubov
Published: December 2020

From the viewpoint of economic theory, art becomes a rightful economic entity in market relations through the forming of the artistic market (market of art, art-market), where aesthetical and commercial values interact and make the ground for the perception of the artwork as a good and forming of respective economic behavior principles. The art-market still remains to be at the emerging stage in conditions of Ukrainian reality. Yet the lack of modern understanding of the role the art plays in the economic development of the state and cultural and artistic policy adequate to civilizational challenges prevent our country from taking a decent place in the western world. The paper defines the role of art in conditions of globalization as a specific type of spiritual-practical understanding of reality, which in its artistic-descriptive form provides for the perception of the world integrally in the context of aesthetics and emotions, strengthening human values and helping deeper and brighter understanding of the nature and importance of processes at certain historical stages of human development. Current features and trends of art-market development in the world and in Ukraine are characterized, including the special relationship to globalization processes and civilization development, enthusiasm over artwork and passion to purchase of modern art-products as an investment capital; modernization of traditional functions of artistic institutions and new role of mediators; lack of clear price policy and the impossibility of pricing control; virtualization of art-market under the impact of modern information-telecommunication technologies, etc. The art-market as an objective reality of nowadays is substantiated to be included in modernized market processes based on the partnership of artists and businesses. In this context, the artwork market should be considered as an aesthetic-practical system, in which activity in the art industry is of commercial nature, which requires the activation of innovative marketing instruments.
Analysis of the tourism and recreation industry’s attractiveness in Ukrainian regions
Authors: Hrafska Oryslava
Published: December 2020

The paper evaluates the development capacity of the tourism and recreation industry in Ukrainian regions and analyzes its attractiveness. The results of the calculation of the integral attractiveness index for the tourism and recreation industry in Ukrainian regions for 2013 and 2018 are outlined. The values of subindices in the total attractiveness index rate for the tourism and recreation industry in Ukrainian regions are calculated. The structure of capital investment in the tourism and recreation industry of Ukraine across its regions is characterized. The factors of impact on forming of the development capacity of the tourism and recreation industry in Ukrainian regions are revealed and systematized. The analysis of calculation of the integral ATRI index for Ukrainian regions in 2018 resulted in revealing the following features of regional tourism and recreation systems: 1) indisputable domination of Kyiv not only by the level of integral ATRI index across Ukrainian regions but also by 8 out of its 19 main features, testifying to availability of the balanced set of competitive advantages that allow maximum efficient use of tourism and recreation capacity without unique natural tourism and recreation resources and support attractiveness of the tourism and recreation complex at consistently high level; 2) availability of three powerful regions with the highest attractiveness level of their tourism and recreation systems after Kyiv; 3) active growth of attractiveness of the tourism and recreation industry of catching-up regions; 4) substantial group of regions (9) with unbalanced and often limited set of the tourism and recreation resources and low quality of socio-economic and tourism infrastructure, which affects the investment attractiveness of their tourism and recreation system and the overall level of their attractiveness.
Аналіз вимог та методологія підбору тем для вивчення основ криптографічного захисту інформації.
Authors: Глинчук Л. , Яцюк C. , Кузьмич О. , Багнюк Н. , Чернящук Н.
Published: December 2020

Розглянуто та проаналізовано вимоги та особливості викладання курсу «Криптографічний захист інформації».  Проведено методологічний аналіз доцільності та актуальності врахування вказаних особливостей та вимог при викладанні відповідного навчального курсу, дано рекомендації як правильно орієнтуватися у виборі тем та чим керуватися. Складено та обґрунтовано основний перелік тем, згідно якого можна можна варіювати методику викладання в залежності від кількості годин, що даються на вивчення даного курсу та наявності у освітньо-професійній програмі додаткових предметів цього напряму.
Фактори впливу на польоти безпілотних літальних апаратів в стратосфері.
Authors: Харченко В. , Онищенко O.
Published: December 2020

У статтіпроведено аналітичний огляд стратосферних безпілотних літальних апаратів.Встановлено місце стратосферних безпілотних літальних апаратів серед висотних безпілотних апаратів, сформульовано їх основні завдання. Наведено хронологію розвитку, держави і компанії виробники та типові характеристики основних стратосферних безпілотних літальних апаратів. Визначено основні чинники, що впливають на траєкторію польотів стратосферних безпілотних літальних апаратів.
ENERJİ EFFEKTİVLİYİ HƏYATIMIZIN YENİ OBYEKTİV REALLIĞI KİMİ
Authors: Hacızadə Nurlan
Published: December 2020

Müasir zamanda enerji effektivliyi yeni obyektiv reallıq olaraq bəşəri həyatın bütün sferalarına nüfuz etmiş və dünyanın bir çox ölkələrinin siyasətində daha vacib prioritetə çevrilmişdir. Bu səbəbdən də həmin ölkələr milli enerji strategiyalarına yenidən baxır, onu qlobal çağırışlara uyğun korrektə edərək təkmilləşdirilir. Bu istiqamətdə regional sferada Avropa İttifaqı daha çox fərqlənir. Aparılan təhlillə müəyyən olunmuşdur ki, Avropa İttifaqında həyata keçirilən enerji effektivliyi strategiyasının müsbət tendensiyasından Azərbaycanda da faydalanmaq üçün mühüm əsaslar var. Bundan irəli gələrək, bu öncül təcrübənin Azərbaycanda enerji sferasında aparılan islahatlar sisteminə də daxil edilməsi vacib şərt olaraq irəli sürülür.
Açar sözlər: enerji effektivliyi, Avropa İttifaqı, Azərbaycan Respublikası, milli neft strategiyası.