bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation and characterization of a novel blood–brain barrier platform for investigating traumatic brain injury
Authors: Bolden Christopher T. , Skibber Max A. , Olson Scott D. , Zamorano Rojas Miriam , Milewicz Samantha , Gill Brijesh S. , Cox Charles S.
Published: September 2023

The Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB) is a highly-selective physiologic barrier responsible for maintaining cerebral homeostasis. Innovative in vitro models of the BBB are needed to provide useful insights into BBB function with CNS disorders like traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a multidimensional and highly complex pathophysiological condition that requires intrinsic models to elucidate its mechanisms. Current models either lack fluidic shear stress, or neglect hemodynamic parameters important in recapitulating the human in vivo BBB phenotype. To address these limitations in the field, we developed a fluid dynamic novel platform which closely mimics these parameters. To validate our platform, Matrigel-coated Transwells were seeded with brain microvascular endothelial cells, both with and without co-cultured primary human astrocytes and bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this article we characterized BBB functional properties such as TEER and paracellular permeability. Our platform demonstrated physiologic relevant decreases in TEER in response to an ischemic environment, while directly measuring barrier fluid fluctuation. These recordings were followed with recovery, implying stability of the model. We also demonstrate that our dynamic platform is responsive to inflammatory and metabolic cues with resultant permeability coefficients. These results indicate that this novel dynamic platform will be a valuable tool for evaluating the recapitulating BBB function in vitro, screening potential novel therapeutics, and establishing a relevant paradigm to evaluate the pathophysiology of TBI.
Interstellar photovoltaics
Authors: Schopp Nora , Abdikamalov Ernazar , Mostovyi Andrii I. , Parkhomenko Hryhorii P. , Solovan Mykhailo M. , Asare Ernest A. , Bazan Guillermo C. , Nguyen Thuc-Quyen , Smoot George F. , Brus Viktor V.
Published: September 2023

The term 'Solar Cell’ is commonly used for Photovoltaics that convert light into electrical energy. However, light can be harvested from various sources not limited to the Sun. This work considers the possibility of harvesting photons from different star types, including our closest neighbor star Proxima Centauri. The theoretical efficiency limits of single junction photovoltaic devices are calculated for different star types at a normalized light intensity corresponding to the AM0 spectrum intensity with AM0 = 1361 W/m2. An optimal bandgap of > 12 eV for the hottest O5V star type leads to 47% Shockley-Queisser photoconversion efficiency (SQ PCE), whereas a narrower optimal bandgap of 0.7 eV leads to 23% SQ PCE for the coldest red dwarf M0, M5.5Ve, and M8V type stars. Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) are the most lightweight solar technology and have the potential to be employed in weight-restricted space applications, including foreseeable interstellar missions. With that in mind, the Sun’s G2V spectrum and Proxima Centauri’s M5.5Ve spectrum are considered in further detail in combination with two extreme bandgap OPV systems: one narrow bandgap system (PM2:COTIC-4F, Eg = 1.14 eV) and one wide bandgap system (PM6:o-IDTBR, Eg = 1.62 eV). Semi-empirically modeled JV-curves reveal that the absorption characteristics of the PM2:COTIC-4F blend match well with both the G2V and the M5.5Ve spectrum, yielding theoretical PCEs of 22.6% and 12.6%, respectively. In contrast, the PM6:o-IDTBR device shows a theoretical PCE of 18.2% under G2V illumination that drops sharply to 0.9% under M5.5Ve illumination.
Decoding the dual recognition mechanism of the glucocorticoid receptor for DNA and RNA: sequence versus shape
Authors: Hörberg Johanna , Reymer Anna
Published: September 2023

Transcription factors (TFs) regulate eukaryotic transcription through selective DNA-binding, can also specifically interact with RNA, which may present another layer of transcriptional control. The mechanisms of the TFs-DNA recognition are often well-characterised, while the details of TFs-RNA complexation are less understood. Here we investigate the dual recognition mechanism of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which interacts with similar affinities with consensus DNA and diverse RNA hairpin motifs but discriminates against uniform dsRNA. Using atomic molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the GR binding to nucleic acids requires a wide and shallow groove pocket. The protein effectively moulds its binding site within DNA major groove, which enables base-specific interactions. Contrary, the GR binding has little effect on the grooves geometry of RNA systems, most notably in uniform dsRNA. Instead, a hairpin motif in RNA yields a wide and shallow major groove pocket, allowing the protein to anchor itself through nonspecific electrostatic contacts with RNA backbone. Addition of a bulge increases RNA hairpin flexibility, which leads to a greater number of GR-RNA contacts and, thus, higher affinity. Thus, the combination of structural motifs defines the GR-RNA selective binding: a recognition mechanism, which may be shared by other zinc finger TFs.
PET imaging of microglia using PBR28suv determines therapeutic efficacy of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells therapy in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Bedi Supinder S. , Scott Michael C. , Skibber Max A. , Kumar Akshita , Caplan Henry W. , Xue Hasen , Sequeira David , Speer Alison L. , Cardenas Fanni , Gudenkauf Franciska , Uray Karen , Srivastava Amit K. , Prossin Alan R. , Cox Charles S.
Published: September 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in activated microglia. Activated microglia can be measured in vivo by using positron emission topography (PET) ligand peripheral benzodiazepine receptor standardized uptake values (PBR28suv). Cell based therapies have utilized autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to attenuate activated microglia after TBI. This study aims to utilize in vivo PBR28suv to assess the efficacy of BMMNCs therapy after TBI. Seventy-two hours after CCI injury, BMMNCs were harvested from the tibia and injected via tail-vein at 74 h after injury at a concentration of 2 million cells per kilogram of body weight. There were three groups of rats: Sham, CCI-alone and CCI-BMMNCs (AUTO). One hundred twenty days after injury, rodents were imaged with PBR28 and their cognitive behavior assessed utilizing the Morris Water Maze. Subsequent ex vivo analysis included brain volume and immunohistochemistry. BMMNCs therapy attenuated PBR28suv in comparison to CCI alone and it improved spatial learning as measured by the Morris Water Maze. Ex vivo analysis demonstrated preservation of brain volume, a decrease in amoeboid-shaped microglia in the dentate gyrus and an increase in the ratio of ramified to amoeboid microglia in the thalamus. PBR28suv is a viable option to measure efficacy of BMMNCs therapy after TBI.
Conservative versus operative treatment of FFP II fractures in a geriatric cohort: a prospective randomized pilot trial
Authors: Thiesen Darius M. , Althoff Gerrit , Strahl André , Rolvien Tim , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Koepke Leon-Gordian , Arras Christian , Ballhause Tobias M. , Dalos Dimitris , Hartel Maximilian J.
Published: September 2023

A clear recommendation regarding treatment strategy of fragility fractures of the pelvic ring is missing. The most typical fracture pattern is a lateral compression type injury with non-displaced fractures of the anterior pubic rami and a unilateral os sacrum fracture (FFP II). We hypothesized that operative treatment would be superior to conservative treatment. From October 2017 to April 2020, a randomized prospective non-blinded trial with n = 39 patients was carried out. Two arms with 17 operative versus 22 conservative cases were created. Inclusion criteria were a posterior pelvic ring fracture FFP type II, age over 60 years and acute fracture (< 3 weeks). Barthel index, pain level (VAS), quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), and Tinetti–Gait Test were determined on admission, at discharge, and after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Median follow-up was 12.9 months. The Barthel index (= 0.325), VAS (p = 0.711), quality of life (p = 0.824), and Tinetti–Gait Test (p = 0.913) showed no significant differences between the two groups after 12 months. Two patients switched from the conservative to the operative arm due to persistent immobilization and pain. The one-year mortality rate showed no significant difference (p = 0.175). Our hypothesis that surgical treatment is superior was refuted. No significant benefit was shown in terms of quality of life, mortality and pain levels. The results suggest a more differentiated treatment approach in the future, with initial conservative treatment preferred. A larger multi-center trial is required to confirm these findings.

Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00013703) on 10/12/2018.
Effect of copper oxide (CuO) and vanadium oxide (V2O5) addition on the structural, optical and electrical properties of corundum (α-Al2O3)
Authors: Al-Mushaki Mohammed Abdullah Ali , Al-Ariki Sami Amin , Alnehia Adnan
Published: September 2023

In this work, we prepared a pure α-Al2O3, α-Al2O3/CuO (AC) and α-Al2O3/V2O5 (AV) nanocomposite. The sol–gel method was used to prepare pure α-Al2O3, (AC) and (AV) samples at 1200 °C. Structural, electrical, and optical properties of the prepared samples were investigated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Visible spectrophotometer, and conductivity meter, respectively. The XRD results confirmed the crystalline nature and the presence of the hexagonal structure of α-Al2O3, the rhombohedra structure of CuAlO2 and the tetragonal structure of V2O5. Moreover, the crystallite size of pure α-Al2O3 was 43.1 nm, while the crystallite size of α-Al2O3 in samples AC and AV nanocompsite was 24.05 nm and 34.84 nm respectively. The optical measurements showed that the band gap α-Al2O3 decreased significantly from 5.28 eV for pure to 3.7 and 3.4 eV to AC and AV respectively. The DC electrical conductivity (σd.c) values were measured for all prepared samples at room temperature. The electrical conductivity was 2.4 × 10–7 and 1.8 × 10–7 (Ω cm)−1 in AC and AV nanocompsite respectively, while ionic conductivity (σion) decreased from 3 × 10–10 in pure α-Al2O3 to 7 × 10–5 and 1 × 10–5 in AC and AV nanocompsite, respectively. The results showed an improvement in the structural, optical, and electrical properties, which may make these materials a candidate for use in many applications, such as photocatalytic, gas sensors, optoelectronics, microelectronics, semiconductor devices, ……etc.
Effects of extracorporeal circulation with different time on platelet count after cardiac surgery: a retrospective study based on medical records
Authors: Wang Na , Zhao Ting , Li Jiabei , Zeng Sisi , Wan Jixiang , Li Xuechao , Wang Fangjun
Published: September 2023

Our objective was to observe the effects of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) with different time on platelet count in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A total of 427 patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery under ECC in affiliated hospital of north Sichuan medical college from January 1, 2018 to July 31, 2021 were divided into three groups according to ECC time. We concluded that thrombocytopenia was common after ECC, maximum drop of the platelet counts after ECC was usually seen on the second day after ECC, and platelet counts started to recover on the fifth day after ECC. With the extension of ECC time, the drop in platelet counts is more pronounced, the volume of perioperative blood loss and blood products transfusion are more, and the recovery level and speed of platelet counts is lower.
Effect of delayed hospitalization on patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and complex lesions undergoing successful new-generation drug-eluting stents implantation
Authors: Kim Yong Hoon , Her Ae-Young , Rha Seung-Woon , Choi Cheol Ung , Choi Byoung Geol , Kim Ji Bak , Park Soohyung , Kang Dong Oh , Park Ji Young , Choi Woong Gil , Park Sang-Ho , Jeong Myung Ho
Published: September 2023

In the absence of available data, we evaluated the effects of delayed hospitalization (symptom-to-door time [SDT] ≥ 24 h) on major clinical outcomes after new-generation drug-eluting stent implantation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and complex lesions. In total, 4373 patients with NSTEMI were divided into complex (n = 2106) and non-complex (n = 2267) groups. The primary outcome was the 3-year rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as all-cause death, recurrent MI, and any repeat revascularization. Secondary outcomes included the individual MACE components. In the complex group, all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.752; p = 0.004) and cardiac death (aHR, 1.966; p = 0.010) rates were significantly higher for patients with SDT ≥ 24 h than for those with SDT < 24 h. In the non-complex group, all patients showed similar clinical outcomes. Patients with SDT < 24 h (aHR, 1.323; p = 0.031) and those with SDT ≥ 24 h (aHR, 1.606; p = 0.027) showed significantly higher rates of any repeat revascularization and all-cause death, respectively, in the complex group than in the non-complex group. Thus, in the complex group, delayed hospitalization was associated with higher 3-year mortalities.
Recovery of the histamine H3 receptor activity lost in yeast cells through error-prone PCR and in vivo selection
Authors: Watanabe Ayami , Nakajima Ami , Shiroishi Mitsunori
Published: September 2023

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest protein family in humans and are important drug targets. Yeast, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a useful host for modifying the function and stability of GPCRs through protein engineering, which is advantageous for mammalian cells. When GPCRs are expressed in yeast, their function is often impaired. In this study, we performed random mutagenesis using error-prone PCR and then an in vivo screening to obtain mutants that recovered the activity of the human histamine H3 receptor (H3R), which loses its signaling function when expressed in yeast. Four mutations with recovered activity were identified after screening. Three of the mutations were identified near the DRY and NPxxY motifs of H3R, which are important for activation and are commonly found in class A GPCRs. The mutants responded exclusively to the yeast YB1 strain harboring Gi-chimera proteins, showing retention of G protein specificity. Analysis of one of the mutants with recovered activity, C415R, revealed that it maintained its ligand-binding characteristics. The strategy used in this study may enable the recovery of the activity of other GPCRs that do not function in S. cerevisiae and may be useful in creating GPCRs mutants stabilized in their active conformations.
Facilitation of imitative movement in patients with chronic hemiplegia triggered by illusory ownership
Authors: Aizu Naoki , Sudo Tamami , Oouchida Yutaka , Izumi Shin-Ichi
Published: September 2023

The sense of body ownership, the feeling that one’s body belongs to oneself, is a crucial subjective conscious experience of one’s body. Recent methodological advances regarding crossmodal illusions have provided novel insights into how multisensory interactions shape human perception and cognition, underpinning conscious experience, particularly alteration of body ownership. Moreover, in post-stroke rehabilitation, encouraging the use of the paretic limb in daily life is considered vital, as a settled sense of ownership and attentional engagement toward the paralyzed body part may promote increased frequency of its use and prevent learned nonuse. Therefore, in addition to traditional methods, novel interventions using neurorehabilitation techniques that induce self-body recognition are needed. This study investigated whether the illusory experience of a patient’s ownership alterations of their paretic hand facilitates the enhancement in the range of motion of succeeding imitation movements. An experiment combining a modified version of the rubber hand illusion with imitation training was conducted with chronic hemiplegia. A larger imitation movement of the paretic hand was observed in the illusion-induced condition, indicating that the feeling of ownership toward the observed limb promotes the induction of intrinsic potential for motor performance. This training, using subjective experience, may help develop new post-stroke rehabilitation interventions.
Formulation development, in vivo bioequivalence and pediatric PBPK modeling studies of taste-masked ciprofloxacin chewable tablets
Authors: Usmani Muhammad Talha , Shoaib Muhammad Harris , Siddiqui Fahad , Ahmed Farrukh Rafiq , Yousuf Rabia Ismail , Saleem Muhammad Talha
Published: September 2023

A taste-masked chewable tablet of ciprofloxacin using ion exchange resin Kyron T-134 for enhancing compliance for the paediatric population was developed. The drug-to-resin ratio was optimized for maximum taste masking by studying the effects of soaking time (X1) and mixing time (X2) on complexation (%) using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The resin complexes were characterized by bitterness score, DSC, FTIR, and PXRD. The complex was further formulated and optimized into chewable tablets through full factorial design, The optimized formulation was subjected to a bioequivalence study, and a virtual approach of PBPK modelling was adapted to predict the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the paediatric group. The drug resin ratio of 1:1.5 yielded an optimum drug loading of 99.05%. The optimized formulation shows minimum disintegration time with more than 99% drug release within 30 min. The formulation F-9 was found to be bioequivalent with a geometric mean ratio of Cmax, Tmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ within 90% CI. It was concluded that quality by design approach can successfully be applied to optimize the drug resin ratio and PBPK modeling is a successful predictive tool for estimating the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin HCl in the paediatric population.
Principal component analysis–artificial neural network-based model for predicting the static strength of seasonally frozen soils
Authors: Sun Yiqiang , Zhou Shijie , Meng Shangjiu , Wang Miao , Mu Hailong
Published: September 2023

Seasonally frozen soils are exposed to freeze‒thaw cycles every year, leading to mechanical property deterioration. To reasonably describe the deterioration of soil under different conditions, machine learning (ML) technology is used to establish a prediction model for soil static strength. Six key influencing factors (moisture content, compaction degree, confining pressure, freezing temperature, number of freeze‒thaw cycles and thawing duration) are included in the modelling database. The accuracy of three typical ML algorithms (support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN)) is compared. The results show that the ANN outperforms the SVM and RF. Principal component analysis (PCA) is combined with the ANN, and the PCA–ANN algorithm is proposed, which further improves the prediction accuracy. The deterioration of soil static strength is systematically researched using the PCA–ANN algorithm. The results show that the soil static strength decreased considerably after the first several freeze‒thaw cycles before the strength plateau occurred, and the strength reduction increased significantly with increasing moisture content and compaction degree. The PCA–ANN model can generate a reasonable prediction for the static strength or other soil properties of seasonally frozen soil, which will provide a scientific reference for practical engineering.
The Iterative Mindset Method: a neuroscientific theoretical approach for sustainable behavior change and weight-loss in digital medicine
Authors: Bobinet Kyra , Greer Stephanie M.
Published: September 2023

With the growing prevalence of chronic conditions driving 85% of all healthcare costs, digital health offers a promising opportunity to reverse disease and improve health at-scale. The healthcare industry’s predominant approach to behavior change is performance-based with a focus on goals and tracking. This has not reversed the epidemic of chronic diseases and also can harm chronically ill and vulnerable patients via perceived failure-induced loss of motivation. Still nascent, the digital health industry is uniquely positioned to adopt and scale new and better behavior change approaches. In this paper, we present the theoretical foundation and initial findings of a neuroscience-based behavior change approach—what we call the Iterative Mindset MethodTM. We discuss its promise, as a potentially more effective, neuroscience-based approach to changing health behaviors long-term, particularly in vulnerable populations. We conclude with avenues for future research.
Digital Fellowships: Inspiring use of contemporary technologies in applied healthcare
Authors: Salisbury Thomas , Deng Alexander T. , Burch Emily , Godfrey Alan
Published: September 2023

The adoption of digital technologies in healthcare, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, requires a well-prepared workforce capable of implementing those technologies. Here, we examine the role and impact of digital fellowships in facilitating digital transformation in healthcare systems. Digital fellowships are structured educational programmes designed to equip healthcare professionals with advanced digital skills. Focusing on UK-based initiatives like the Topol Digital Fellowship and the Fellowship in Clinical AI, we explore their efforts to prepare healthcare leaders for digital and AI adoption. Each fellowship programme provides participants with hands-on experience in digital healthcare projects and fosters interdisciplinary collaboration and post-fellowship support. We discuss how these fellowships contribute to staff retention by diversifying professional experiences and opportunities. We call for increased collaborations between universities, industry, and professional bodies to integrate lessons from digital fellowships into relevant curricula, acknowledging that digital fellowships are just one piece of the puzzle in bridging the digital skills gap in the healthcare workforce.
Cortical temporal integration can account for limits of temporal perception: investigations in the binaural system
Authors: Singh Ravinderjit , Bharadwaj Hari M.
Published: September 2023

The auditory system has exquisite temporal coding in the periphery which is transformed into a rate-based code in central auditory structures, like auditory cortex. However, the cortex is still able to synchronize, albeit at lower modulation rates, to acoustic fluctuations. The perceptual significance of this cortical synchronization is unknown. We estimated physiological synchronization limits of cortex (in humans with electroencephalography) and brainstem neurons (in chinchillas) to dynamic binaural cues using a novel system-identification technique, along with parallel perceptual measurements. We find that cortex can synchronize to dynamic binaural cues up to approximately 10 Hz, which aligns well with our measured limits of perceiving dynamic spatial information and utilizing dynamic binaural cues for spatial unmasking, i.e. measures of binaural sluggishness. We also find that the tracking limit for frequency modulation (FM) is similar to the limit for spatial tracking, demonstrating that this sluggish tracking is a more general perceptual limit that can be accounted for by cortical temporal integration limits.
Long-term trends in carbon and color signal uneven browning and terrestrialization of northern lakes
Authors: Rodríguez-Cardona Bianca M. , Houle Daniel , Couture Suzanne , Lapierre Jean-François , del Giorgio Paul A.
Published: September 2023

The widespread browning of northern lakes has been associated with long-term increases in dissolved organic carbon and color and should be linked to changes in surface water carbon dioxide, yet the long-term covariation in these three key carbon components of lake functioning remains to be assessed. We present long-term trends in dissolved organic carbon, color, and carbon dioxide from lakes, with generally positive but highly variable trends in organic carbon and a large degree of uncoupling with color and carbon dioxide. The highest rates of change in color and carbon dioxide were in lakes with greatest increasing dissolved organic carbon trends. Lakes with the lowest water retention times had greater increases and stronger coupling between all three parameters, coinciding with dominance of terrestrially derived carbon. These results suggest an uneven terrestrialization of northern lakes, where the increases and coupling in the three carbon components depends on hydrology and watershed connectivity.
The Marine Spatial Planning Index: a tool to guide and assess marine spatial planning
Authors: Reimer Julie M. , Devillers Rodolphe , Zuercher Rachel , Groulx Pascale , Ban Natalie C. , Claudet Joachim
Published: September 2023

Marine spatial planning (MSP) has the potential to balance demands for ocean space with environmental protection and is increasingly considered crucial for achieving global ocean goals. In theory, MSP should adhere to six principles, being: (1) ecosystem-based, (2) integrated, (3) place-based, (4) adaptive, (5) strategic, and (6) participatory. Despite nearly two decades of practice, MSP continues to face critical challenges to fully realize these principles, hindering its ability to deliver positive outcomes for people and nature. Here, we present the MSP Index, a tool for assessing progress in MSP processes based on MSP principles that can guide practitioners in operationalizing these principles. Using qualitative analysis of fundamental MSP guides, complemented with a literature review, we identified key features of MSP principles and developed these features into a scoring guide that assesses progress relative to each principle. We trialed and validated the MSP Index on six case studies from distinct regions. We found that the MSP Index allows for high-level comparison across diverse marine spatial plans, highlighting the extent to which MSP principles have permeated practice. Our results reveal successes, especially for the place-based principle, and failures to fully adhere to the adaptive and participatory principles of MSP. The Index serves as a guidance tool that would be best employed by practitioners and can inform science on the evolution of MSP. It is a user-friendly tool that translates MSP principles into practice, allowing for assessment of individual initiatives and comparison of diverse initiatives across ocean regions and nations.
Adsorption of HCN on cosmic silicates: a periodic quantum mechanical study
Authors: Bancone Niccolò , Pantaleone Stefano , Ugliengo Piero , Rimola Albert , Corno Marta
Published: September 2023

HCN/forsterite interactions are present in many environments of the interstellar medium, leading to both molecular and dissociative HCN adsorptions, by means of its catalytic surface sites.
Examination of Pt2dba3 as a “cocktail”-type catalytic system for alkene and alkyne hydrosilylation reactions
Authors: Ondar Evgeniia E. , Kostyukovich Alexander Yu. , Burykina Julia V. , Galushko Alexey S. , Ananikov Valentine P.
Published: September 2023

A simple approach aligned with dynamic catalysis principles was successfully applied in a study of hydrosilylation reactions. The readily available Pt2dba3 complex formed a “cocktail”-type system with comparable performance to known catalysts.
Reinforcement learning in crystal structure prediction
Authors: Zamaraeva Elena , Collins Christopher M. , Antypov Dmytro , Gusev Vladimir V. , Savani Rahul , Dyer Matthew S. , Darling George R. , Potapov Igor , Rosseinsky Matthew J. , Spirakis Paul G.
Published: September 2023

Reinforcement learning accelerates crystal structure prediction by learning a dynamic policy to maximise the reward for exploring new crystal structures.
Designing dual-emission phosphors for temperature warning indication and dual-mode luminescence thermometry
Authors: Li Li , Li Xinji , Wu Zhaojie , Hua Yongbin , Zhou Xianju , Wang Yongjie , Cao Zhongmin , Jiang Sha , Xiang Guotao , Yu Jae Su
Published: September 2023

Color tunable phosphors of Mn4+and Tb3+co-doped double-perovskite SrGdLiTeO6(SGLT) were synthesized in this work.
Metal coordination to solute binding proteins – exciting chemistry with potential biological meaning
Authors: Garstka Kinga , Bellotti Denise , Wątły Joanna , Kozłowski Henryk , Remelli Maurizio , Rowińska-Żyrek Magdalena
Published: September 2023

ZnuA and AztC, solute binding proteins from Paracoccus denitrificans, bind Zn(ii) and Ni(ii) via their outercellular His-rich loop regions.
Fe(ii) complexes of pyridine-substituted thiosemicarbazone ligands as catalysts for oxidations with hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Castillo Carmen E. , Gonzálvez Miguel A. , Algarra Andrés G. , Fernández-Trujillo M. Jesús , Ferrer Montserrat , Martínez Manuel , Basallote Manuel G.
Published: September 2023

[FeII(TSC)2] complexes selectively catalyze oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde with H2O2. These iron complexes, the free TSC ligands, and [Zn(Dp44mT)2] also catalyze sulfoxidation of thioanisole, but only the iron complexes catalyze styrene oxidation.
Exploring the electrostatic interaction mechanism of polyaspartic acid in improving the rejection of tetramethylammonium hydroxide by reverse osmosis membranes
Authors: Li Xianfeng , Qiu Zhiwei , Wang Tianlin , Dai Ruobin , Wu Zhichao , Wang Zhiwei
Published: September 2023

Antiscalants are widely used to control scaling in applications of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.
Hypoglycemic effect of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented mulberry pomace extract in vitro and in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Tang Shuxin , Cheng Yuxin , Xu Tingting , Wu Ting , Pan Siyi , Xu Xiaoyun
Published: September 2023

It has been found that FMPE showed hypoglycemic effects in vitro and in C. elegans. In addition, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde, cyanidin, and taxifolin were the important polyphenols to improve the hypoglycemic effects after fermentation.
Low-temperature curable TiO2 sol for separator and HTM-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: K Reshma Dileep , Elumalai Thulasi Raman , Ramasamy Easwaramoorthi , Mallick S. , Rao T. N. , Veerappan Ganapathy
Published: September 2023

A low-temperature curable TiO2 ETL for carbon-based perovskite solar cells was developed. The effect of the ETL surface energy on perovskite film formation and quality was assessed.
Mushroom-mimetic 3D hierarchical architecture-based e-skin with high sensitivity and a wide sensing range for intelligent perception
Authors: Zhang Yajie , Zhang Xinyu , Ning Chuan , Dai Kun , Zheng Guoqiang , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu
Published: September 2023

The present work proposes a facile fabrication technique to achieve 3D hierarchical architecture-based e-skin with excellent sensing performance that can monitor gestures and health conditions wirelessly, sense the trajectory of pressure stimuli.
MXene based flexible photodetectors: progress, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Li La , Shen Guozhen
Published: September 2023

This review highlights the progress, challenges and opportunities in MXene based flexible photodetectors.
Advances in Cu nanocluster catalyst design: recent progress and promising applications
Authors: Biswas Sourav , Das Saikat , Negishi Yuichi
Published: September 2023

We present an in-depth study of Cu NC catalysts, encompassing design strategies, atomic-level tuning, and diverse catalytic applications.
Phosphite–imidazole catalyzed N-formylation and N-acylation of amines
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Esfandiari Hesam , Kakavand Meysam , Sohrabi Masoumeh , Yousefian Amirkhiz Elahe , Neshat Abdollah , Kawazoe Teru , Fukaya Haruhiko , Yanai Hikaru
Published: September 2023

The N-formylation reaction of amines with DMF as a formylating agent was developed. N-Sulfonyl amidines were also obtained in good to excellent yields by the reaction of sulfonamides with DMF under similar conditions.
Colorful variation of tetraphenylethene derivatives in the solid state
Authors: Huang Guangxi , Du Xinxiang , Bo Heng , Li Bing Shi
Published: September 2023

This review provides a clear overview of the multi-stimuli responsive properties of tetraphenylethene derivatives in the solid state.
Key modification strategies for the rational design of hematite to promote photoelectrochemical water oxidation: a review of recent advances
Authors: Hu Chunlian , Li Xiaohu , Dong Congzhao , Li Bonan , Zhang Xi , Sun Wanjun , Ding Yong
Published: September 2023

In this review article, multiple modification strategies for hematite, including controlling the morphology, heterojunction engineering, doping engineering, modification of co-catalyst and other modifications are proposed.
Investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of NaXCl3 (X = Be, Mg) using density functional theory
Authors: Jehan Aiman , Husain Mudasser , Tirth Vineet , Algahtani Ali , Uzair Muhammad , Rahman Nasir , Khan Aurangzeb , Khan Saima Naz
Published: September 2023

In our pursuit of enhancing material performance, our focus is centered on the investigation of sodium-based halide perovskites, specifically NaXCl3 (where X = Be & Mg).
Directional design of carboxylic acid coordination number fine-tuned space structure to improve the output performance of nanogenerators
Authors: Zhou Yong-Juan , Wang Shi-Hui , Zhang Zi-Kun , Xiong Jiabin
Published: September 2023

The emergence of nanogenerators, which provide a way to obtain mechanical energy from the environment and to collect and transmit tiny amounts of energy, has attracted a lot of attention.
Comprehensive analysis of NiFe2O4/MWCNTs nanocomposite to degrade a healthcare waste – tetracycline
Authors: Varghese Davis , Joe Raja Ruban M. , Joselene Suzan Jennifer P. , AnnieCanisius D. , Chakko Seena , Muthupandi S. , Madhavan J. , Victor Antony Raj M.
Published: September 2023

Tetracycline (TC), a commonly used antibiotic for studying bacterial illnesses in living organisms, poses a significant risk to the aquatic environment.
Efficient ternary WORM memory devices from quinoline-based D–A systems by varying the redox behavior of ferrocene
Authors: Angela Varghese Maria , Harshini Deivendran , Imran Predhanekar Mohamed , Bhuvanesh Nattamai. S. P. , Nagarajan Samuthira
Published: September 2023

The design and synthesis of ferrocene-functionalized organic small molecules using quinoline cores are rendered to achieve a ternary write-once-read-many (WORM) memory device.
Targeting mitochondrial degradation by chimeric autophagy-tethering compounds
Authors: Liu Zhenqi , Qin Geng , Yang Jie , Wang Wenjie , Zhang Wenting , Lu Boxun , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang
Published: September 2023

Inspired by receptor-mediated mitophagy, we develop a simple and versatile strategy to modulate mitophagy. Chimeric molecule mito-ATTECs can target mitochondria and interact directly with key autophagosome protein LC3 to trigger mitophagy.
A focus on harnessing big data and artificial intelligence: revolutionizing drug discovery from traditional Chinese medicine sources
Authors: Li Mingyu , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2023

Big data-driven AI modeling has greatly revolutionized drug discovery. Chen et al. have paved a way for drug discovery from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) sources by developing TCMBank, a centralized resource which standardizes TCM-related big data and integrates an AI drug discovery pipeline.
The critical role of H2 reduction roasting for enhancing the recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes in the subsequent neutral water electrolysis
Authors: Zhou Jiayin , Ni Jihong , Guan Xiaofei
Published: September 2023

This work reports a novel process that combines H2 reduction roasting and neutral water electrolysis for recycling valuable metal elements from the waste cathode of spent Li-ion batteries.
Unraveling the modification effect at NiOx/perovskite interfaces for efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Kang Xinxin , Wang Dourong , Sun Kun , Dong Xue , Hui Wei , Wang Baohua , Gu Lei , Li Maoxin , Bao Yaqi , Zhang Jie , Guo Renjun , Li Zerui , Jiang Xiongzhuo , Müller-Buschbaum Peter , Song Lin
Published: September 2023

The modification with 4-iodophenylboronic acid (4-IPBA) is optimal due to the strongest coordination with Ni vacancies and the best energy level alignment with the perovskite.
Multifunctional magnetocaloric bone cement with a time-varying alkaline microenvironment for sequential bacterial inhibition, angiogenesis and osteogenesis
Authors: Yao Xiaokang , Zhao Yanan , Hou Wen , Huang Kai , Yan Manqi , Tu Rong , Goto Takashi , Dai Honglian
Published: September 2023

Magnetocaloric Fe3O4 nanoparticles were modified using gelatin and then added to magnesium calcium phosphate bone cement (MCPC) to fabricate multifunctional magnetic composites for sequential bacterial inhibition, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis.
Diagnosing the interstellar medium of galaxies with far-infrared emission lines
Authors: Ramos Padilla A. F. , Wang L. , van der Tak F. F. S. , Trager S. C.
Published: September 2023

Context.Gas cooling processes in the interstellar medium (ISM) are key to understanding how star formation occurs in galaxies. Far-infrared (FIR) fine-structure emission lines can be used to infer gas conditions and trace different phases of the ISM.

Aims.We model eight of the most important FIR emission lines and explore their variation with star formation rate (SFR) out toz = 6 using cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. In addition, we study how different physical parameters, such as the interstellar radiation field (ISRF) and metallicity, impact the FIR lines and line ratios.

Methods.We implemented a physically motivated multi-phase model of the ISM by post-processing the EAGLEcosmological simulation and using CLOUDYlook-up tables for line emissivities. In this model we included four phases of the ISM: dense molecular gas, neutral atomic gas, diffuse ionised gas (DIG), and H IIregions.

Results.Our model shows reasonable agreement (to ∼0.5 dex) with the observed line luminosity–SFR relations up toz = 6 in the FIR lines analysed. For ease of comparison, we also provide linear fits to our model results. Our predictions also agree reasonably well with observations in diagnostic diagrams involving various FIR line ratios.

Conclusions.We find that [C II] is the best SFR tracer of the FIR lines even though it arises from multiple ISM phases, while [O III] and [N II] can be used to understand the DIG–H IIbalance in the ionised gas. In addition, line ratios such as [C II]/[O III] and [N II]/[O I] are useful for deriving parameters such as ISRF, metallicity, and specific SFR. These results can help interpret the observations of the FIR lines from the local Universe to high redshifts.
Influence of star-forming galaxy selection on the galaxy main sequence
Authors: Pearson W. J. , Pistis F. , Figueira M. , Małek K. , Moutard T. , Vergani D. , Pollo A.
Published: September 2023

Aims. This work aims to determine how the galaxy main sequence (MS) changes using seven different commonly used methods to select the star-forming galaxies within VIPERS data over 0.5 ≤ z < 1.2. The form and redshift evolution of the MS was then compared between selection methods.

Methods. The star-forming galaxies were selected using widely known methods: a specific star-formation rate (sSFR); Baldwin, Phillips, and Terlevich (BPT) diagram; a 4000 Å spectral break (D4000) cut; and four colour-colour cuts (near-ultra-violet – V verses r − J (NUVrJ), near-ultra-violet – V verses r − K (NUVrK), u − r, and U − V verses V − J (UVJ)). The main sequences were then fitted for each of the seven selection methods using a Markov chain Monte Carlo forward modelling routine, fitting both a linear main sequence and a MS with a high-mass turnover to the star-forming galaxies. This was done in four redshift bins of 0.50 ≤ z < 0.62, 0.62 ≤ z < 0.72, 0.72 ≤ z < 0.85, and 0.85 ≤ z < 1.20.

Results. The slopes of all star-forming samples were found to either remain constant or increase with redshift, and the scatters were approximately constant. There is no clear redshift dependency of the presence of a high-mass turnover for the majority of samples, with the NUVrJ and NUVrK being the only samples with turnovers only at low redshift. No samples have turnovers at all redshifts. Star-forming galaxies selected with sSFR and u − r are the only samples to have no high-mass turnover in all redshift bins. The normalisation of the MS increases with redshift, as expected. The scatter around the MS is lower than the ≈0.3 dex typically seen in MS studies for all seven samples.

Conclusions. The lack (or presence) of a high-mass turnover is at least partially a result of the method used to select star-forming galaxies. However, whether a turnover should be present or not is unclear.
Karhunen–Loève data imputation in high-contrast imaging
Authors: Ren Bin B.
Published: September 2023

The detection and characterization of extended structures is a crucial goal in high-contrast imaging. However, these structures face challenges in data reduction, leading to over-subtraction from speckles and self-subtraction with most existing methods. Iterative post-processing methods offer promising results, but their integration into existing pipelines is hindered by selective algorithms, the high computational cost, and algorithmic regularization. To address this for reference differential imaging (RDI), here we propose a data imputation concept for the Karhunen–Loève transform (DIKL) by modifying two steps in the standard Karhunen–Loève image projection (KLIP) method. Specifically, we partition an image to two matrices: an anchor matrix that focuses only on the speckles to obtain the DIKL coefficients, and a boat matrix that focuses on the regions of astrophysical interest for speckle removal using DIKL components. As an analytical approach, DIKL achieves high-quality results with significantly reduced computational cost (~3 orders of magnitude less than iterative methods). Being a derivative method of KLIP, DIKL is seamlessly integrable into high-contrast imaging pipelines for RDI observations.
Detection of the Keplerian decline in the Milky Way rotation curve
Authors: Jiao Yongjun , Hammer François , Wang Haifeng , Wang Jianling , Amram Philippe , Chemin Laurent , Yang Yanbin
Published: September 2023

Our position inside the Galactic disc has previously prevented us from establishing an accurate rotation curve (RC). The advent of Gaia and its third data release (Gaia DR3) made it possible to specify the RC up to twice the optical radius. We aim to establish a new RC of the Galaxy from the Gaia DR3 by drastically reducing systematic uncertainties. Our goal is to provide a new estimate of the mass of the Galaxy. We compared different estimates, established a robust assessment of the systematic uncertainties, and addressed differences in methodologies, particularly regarding distance estimates. We find a sharply decreasing RC for the Milky Way; the decrease in velocity between 19.5 and 26.5 kpc is approximately 30 km s−1. We identify, for the first time, a Keplerian decline of the RC, starting at ∼19 kpc and ending at ∼26.5 kpc from the Galaxy centre, while a flat RC is rejected with a significance of 3σ. The total mass is revised downwards to 2.06−0.13+0.24 × 1011 M⊙, which is in agreement with the absence of a significant mass increase at radii larger than 19 kpc. We evaluated the upper limit on the total mass by considering the upper values of velocity measurements, which leads to a strict, unsurpassable limit of 5.4 × 1011 M⊙.
Investigating the origin of optical flares from the TeV blazar S4 0954+65
Authors: Pandey Ashwani , Bachev Rumen , Czerny Bożena , Wiita Paul J. , Gupta Alok C. , Strigachev Anton , Popowicz Adam
Published: September 2023

Aims. We aim to investigate the extreme variability properties of the TeV blazar S4 0954+65 using optical photometric and polarisation observations carried out between 2017 and 2023 using three ground-based telescopes.

Methods. We examined an extensive dataset comprised of 138 intraday (observing duration shorter than a day) light curves (LCs) of S4 0954+65 for flux, spectral, and polarisation variations on diverse timescales. For the variable LCs, we computed the minimum variability timescales. We investigated flux–flux correlations and colour variations to look for spectral variations on long (several weeks to years) timescales. Additionally, we looked for connections between optical R-band flux and polarisation degree.

Results. We found significant variations in 59 out of 138 intraday LCs. We detected a maximum change of 0.58 ± 0.11 in V-band magnitude within ∼2.64 h and a corresponding minimum variability timescale of 18.21 ± 4.87 mins on 2017 March 25. During the course of our observing campaign, the source brightness changed by ∼4 magnitudes in V and R bands; however, we did not find any strong spectral variations. The slope of the relative spectral energy distribution was 1.37 ± 0.04. The degree of polarisation varied from ∼3% to 39% during our monitoring. We observed a change of ∼120 degrees in polarisation angle (PA) within ∼3 h on 2022 April 13. No clear correlation was found between optical flux and the degree of polarisation.

Conclusions. The results of our optical flux, colour, and polarisation study provide hints that turbulence in the relativistic jet could be responsible for the intraday optical variations in the blazar S4 0954+65. However, the long-term flux variations may be caused by changes in the Doppler factor.
Von der „Diabetesdiät“ zur gesunden
Ernährung
Authors: Kling Christiane
Published: September 2023

Welche Ernährungsweise ist am besten geeignet, um gute Blutzuckerwerte zu
erzielen? Mit dieser Fragestellung beschäftigen sich die
Behandlungsteams seit Jahrhunderten. Ein Blick in die
„Geschichtsbücher der Diabetesdiät“ offenbart
eine so große Vielfalt von Diätversuchen, wie es sie wohl bei
keinem anderen Erkrankungsbild in diesem Ausmaß gegeben haben
dürfte.
Benefits of Bimodal Stimulation to Speech Perception in Noise and Silence
Authors: Dourado Rayssa Pacheco Brito , Caldas Fernanda Ferreira , Cardoso Carolina Costa , Santos Danielle Cristovão dos , Bahmad Fayez
Published: September 2023

Introduction Understanding all the benefits of bimodality with self-assessment questionnaires on the effect of hearing on quality of life is still necessary.

Objective To present whether bimodality still offers hearing benefits to the population who uses acoustic stimulation associated with electrical stimulation.

Methods The present study included 13 participants aged between 16 and 80 years old who were users of cochlear implants from Cochlear Corporation and hearing aids. All patients underwent the Hearing in Noise Test, and their visual analog scale score was obtained. Four-tone means were collected, and the participants answered the Speech, Spatial and Hearing Qualities questionnaire.

Results Bimodal users had an average sentence recognition rate of 76.0% in silence and 67.6% in fixed noise, and the signal-to-noise ratio in adaptive noise was +2.89dB. In addition, a lower level of difficulty was observed in the test using the visual analog scale. The domain with the highest average was auditory qualities (6.50), followed by spatial hearing (6.26) and hearing for speech (5.81). Individuals with an average between 50 and 70 dB of hearing level showed better sentence recognition in silence and noise.

Conclusion Bimodal stimulation showed benefits for users with different degrees of hearing loss; however, individuals who presented greater hearing residue had better performance in speech recognition with noise and in silence in addition to a good perception of hearing quality.