bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencing factors of community residents' pro-environmental behavior in East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve under the policy intervention
Authors: Tang Xianglong , Yuan Jianqiong , Zeng Xitong
Published: April 2023

In the study of protected areas, the "Fences & fines" approach is increasingly becoming acknowledged as obsolete and ineffectual, and there is mounting evidence suggesting that the "Community-based conservation" approach is acquiring consideration. It is significant to identify which protection model or factors perform a definitive part in China. Taking the East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve in China as a survey site, this paper utilizes semi-structured interviews and random questionnaires surveyed 431 households to investigate the relationship between "community-based conservation" approaches such aslegal system, ecological compensation, environmental education, community participation, concessions, livelihoods, job provision, intrinsic motivation and pro-environmental behavior. The regression results declare that intrinsic motivation (β = 0.390) and legal system (β = 0.212) are the most effective factors impacting on pro-environmental behavior; concessions has a negative conflict on preservation;but other "community-based conservation" approaches had insignificant positive impacts on pro-environmental behavior. Further mediating effects analysis indicated that intrinsic motivation (B = 0.3899, t = 11.9694, p < 0.01) mediates between legal system and pro-environmental behavior of community residents, legal system promotes pro-environmental behavior by promoting intrinsic motivation, which is more effective than legal system promoting pro-environmental behavior directly. This demonstrates that “Fence and fine approach" still is an effective management tool which can shape community residents' positive attitude towards conservation and pro-environmental behavior especially protected areas with large communities. And appropriate "community-based conservation" approaches can mitigate conflicts between special groups with the combination of these two approaches, the management of protected areas can be successful. This supplies a valuable real-world case for the current debate on conservation and improved human livelihoods.
Warning regarding hematological toxicity of tamoxifen activated CreERT2 in young Rosa26CreERT2 mice
Authors: Rossi Martina , Salomon Aude , Chaumontel Nicolas , Molet Jenny , Bailly Sabine , Tillet Emmanuelle , Bouvard Claire
Published: April 2023

The Cre-lox system is a versatile and powerful tool used in mouse genetics. It allows spatial and/or temporal control of the deletion of a target gene. The Rosa26-CreERT2 (R26CreERT2) mouse model allows ubiquitous expression of CreERT2. Once activated by tamoxifen, CreERT2 will enter into the nuclei and delete floxed DNA sequences. Here, we show that intraperitoneal injection of tamoxifen in young R26CreERT2 mice leads to morbidity and mortality within 10 days after the first injection, in the absence of a floxed allele. Activation of CreERT2 by tamoxifen led to severe hematological defects, with anemia and a strong disorganization of the bone marrow vascular bed. Cell proliferation was significantly reduced in the bone marrow and the spleen resulting in the depletion of several hematopoietic cells. However, not all cell types or organs were affected to the same extent. We realized that many research groups are not aware of the potential toxicity of Cre recombinases, resulting in misinterpretation of the observed phenotype and in a waste of time and resources. We discuss the necessity to include tamoxifen injected CreERT2 controls lacking a floxed allele in experimental designs and to improve communication about the limitations of Cre-lox mouse models among the scientific community.
The paucity of morality in everyday talk
Authors: Atari Mohammad , Mehl Matthias R. , Graham Jesse , Doris John M. , Schwarz Norbert , Davani Aida Mostafazadeh , Omrani Ali , Kennedy Brendan , Gonzalez Elaine , Jafarzadeh Nikki , Hussain Alyzeh , Mirinjian Arineh , Madden Annabelle , Bhatia Rhea , Burch Alexander , Harlan Allison , Sbarra David A. , Raison Charles L. , Moseley Suzanne A. , Polsinelli Angelina J. , Dehghani Morteza
Published: April 2023

Given its centrality in scholarly and popular discourse, morality should be expected to figure prominently in everyday talk. We test this expectation by examining the frequency of moral content in three contexts, using three methods: (a) Participants’ subjective frequency estimates (N = 581); (b) Human content analysis of unobtrusively recorded in-person interactions (N = 542 participants;n = 50,961 observations); and (c) Computational content analysis of Facebook posts (N = 3822 participants;n = 111,886 observations). In their self-reports, participants estimated that 21.5% of their interactions touched on morality (Study 1), but objectively, only 4.7% of recorded conversational samples (Study 2) and 2.2% of Facebook posts (Study 3) contained moral content. Collectively, these findings suggest that morality may be far less prominent in everyday life than scholarly and popular discourse, and laypeople, presume.
Water stabilizes an alternate turn conformation in horse heart myoglobin
Authors: Bronstein Alex , Marx Ailie
Published: April 2023

Comparison of myoglobin structures reveals that protein isolated from horse heart consistently adopts an alternate turn conformation in comparison to its homologues. Analysis of hundreds of high-resolution structures discounts crystallization conditions or the surrounding amino acid protein environment as explaining this difference, that is also not captured by the AlphaFold prediction. Rather, a water molecule is identified as stabilizing the conformation in the horse heart structure, which immediately reverts to the whale conformation in molecular dynamics simulations excluding that structural water.
Parameter inference for enzyme and temperature constrained genome-scale models
Authors: Pettersen Jakob Peder , Almaas Eivind
Published: April 2023

The metabolism of all living organisms is dependent on temperature, and therefore, having a good method to predict temperature effects at a system level is of importance. A recently developed Bayesian computational framework for enzyme and temperature constrained genome-scale models (etcGEM) predicts the temperature dependence of an organism’s metabolic network from thermodynamic properties of the metabolic enzymes, markedly expanding the scope and applicability of constraint-based metabolic modelling. Here, we show that the Bayesian calculation method for inferring parameters for an etcGEM is unstable and unable to estimate the posterior distribution. The Bayesian calculation method assumes that the posterior distribution is unimodal, and thus fails due to the multimodality of the problem. To remedy this problem, we developed an evolutionary algorithm which is able to obtain a diversity of solutions in this multimodal parameter space. We quantified the phenotypic consequences on six metabolic network signature reactions of the different parameter solutions resulting from use of the evolutionary algorithm. While two of these reactions showed little phenotypic variation between the solutions, the remainder displayed huge variation in flux-carrying capacity. This result indicates that the model is under-determined given current experimental data and that more data is required to narrow down the model predictions. Finally, we made improvements to the software to reduce the running time of the parameter set evaluations by a factor of 8.5, allowing for obtaining results faster and with less computational resources.
Differential privacy protection algorithm for network sensitive information based on singular value decomposition
Authors: Ma Xuan , Chang Xing , Chen Hongxiu
Published: April 2023

In order to reduce the risk of data privacy disclosure and improve the effect of information privacy protection, a differential privacy protection algorithm for network sensitive information based on singular value decomposition is proposed. TF-IDF method is used to extract network sensitive information text. By comparing the word frequency of network sensitive information, high word frequency word elements in network information content are collected to obtain the mining results of network sensitive information text. According to the decision tree theory, the equal difference privacy budget allocation mechanism is improved to achieve equal difference privacy budget allocation. By discarding some small singular values and corresponding spectral vectors, the data can be disturbed, and the availability of the original data can be retained, so that it can truly represent the original data set structure. According to the results of equal difference privacy budget allocation and singular value decomposition disturbance, the data of high-dimensional network graph is reduced by random projection, singular value decomposition is performed on the reduced data, and Gaussian noise is added to the singular value. Finally, the matrix to be published is generated through the inverse operation of singular value decomposition to achieve differential privacy protection of network sensitive information. The experimental results show that the privacy protection quality of this algorithm is high and the data availability is effectively improved.
Factors affecting the ORR after neoadjuvant therapy of TP regimen combined with PD-1 inhibitors for esophageal cancer
Authors: Ma Rulan , Yuan Dawei , Mo Caijing , Zhu Kun , Dang Chengxue , Zhang Yong , Yin Jianhao , Li Kang
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the objective response rate (ORR) after neoadjuvant therapy of taxol plus platinum (TP) regimen combined with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors for esophageal cancer, and establish a predictive model for forecasting ORR. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, consecutive esophageal cancer patients who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2020 to February 2022 were enrolled in this study as a training cohort, while patients who were treated in the Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled as a validation cohort. All patients were treated with resectable locally advanced esophageal cancer and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy. The ORR was defined as the sum of complete pathological response, major pathological response and partial pathological response. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors that might be related to the ORR of the patients after neoadjuvant therapy. The nomogram based on the result of regression analysis was established and verified to predict the ORR. In this study, 42 patients were included as training cohort and 53 patients were included as validation cohort. Chi-square analysis showed that neutrophil, platelet, platelet-to-lymphocytes ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), D-dimer and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) between ORR group and non-ORR group were significantly different. Logistic regression analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), D-dimer and CEA were independent predictors of ORR after neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Finally, a nomogram was established based on AST, D-dimer and CEA. Internal validation and external validation revealed that the nomogram had a good ability to predict ORR after neoadjuvant immunotherapy. In conclusion, AST, D-dimer and CEA were the independent predictors of ORR after neoadjuvant immunotherapy. The nomogram based on these three indicators showed a good predictive ability.
Functional reorganisation of the cranial skeleton during the cynodont–mammaliaform transition
Authors: Lautenschlager Stephan , Fagan Michael J. , Luo Zhe-Xi , Bird Charlotte M. , Gill Pamela , Rayfield Emily J.
Published: April 2023

Skeletal simplification occurred in multiple vertebrate clades over the last 500 million years, including the evolution from premammalian cynodonts to mammals. This transition is characterised by the loss and reduction of cranial bones, the emergence of a novel jaw joint, and the rearrangement of the jaw musculature. These modifications have long been hypothesised to increase skull strength and efficiency during feeding. Here, we combine digital reconstruction and biomechanical modelling to show that there is no evidence for an increase in cranial strength and biomechanical performance. Our analyses demonstrate the selective functional reorganisation of the cranial skeleton, leading to reduced stresses in the braincase and the skull roof but increased stresses in the zygomatic region through this transition. This cranial functional reorganisation, reduction in mechanical advantage, and overall miniaturisation in body size are linked with a dietary specialisation to insectivory, permitting the subsequent morphological and ecological diversification of the mammalian lineage.
The unitary dependence theory for characterizing quantum circuits and states
Authors: Hu Zixuan , Kais Sabre
Published: April 2023

Most existing quantum algorithms are discovered accidentally or adapted from classical algorithms, and there is the need for a systematic theory to understand and design quantum circuits. Here we develop a unitary dependence theory to characterize the behaviors of quantum circuits and states in terms of how quantum gates manipulate qubits and determine their measurement probabilities. Compared to the conventional entanglement description of quantum circuits and states, the unitary dependence picture offers more practical information on the measurement and manipulation of qubits, easier generalization to many-qubit systems, and better robustness upon partitioning of the system. The unitary dependence theory can be applied to systematically understand existing quantum circuits and design new quantum algorithms.
Large-scale correlation network construction for unraveling the coordination of complex biological systems
Authors: Becker Martin , Nassar Huda , Espinosa Camilo , Stelzer Ina A. , Feyaerts Dorien , Berson Eloise , Bidoki Neda H. , Chang Alan L. , Saarunya Geetha , Culos Anthony , De Francesco Davide , Fallahzadeh Ramin , Liu Qun , Kim Yeasul , Marić Ivana , Mataraso Samson J. , Payrovnaziri Seyedeh Neelufar , Phongpreecha Thanaphong , Ravindra Neal G. , Stanley Natalie , Shome Sayane , Tan Yuqi , Thuraiappah Melan , Xenochristou Maria , Xue Lei , Shaw Gary , Stevenson David , Angst Martin S. , Gaudilliere Brice , Aghaeepour Nima
Published: April 2023

Advanced measurement and data storage technologies have enabled high-dimensional profiling of complex biological systems. For this, modern multiomics studies regularly produce datasets with hundreds of thousands of measurements per sample, enabling a new era of precision medicine. Correlation analysis is an important first step to gain deeper insights into the coordination and underlying processes of such complex systems. However, the construction of large correlation networks in modern high-dimensional datasets remains a major computational challenge owing to rapidly growing runtime and memory requirements. Here we address this challenge by introducing CorALS (Correlation Analysis of Large-scale (biological) Systems), an open-source framework for the construction and analysis of large-scale parametric as well as non-parametric correlation networks for high-dimensional biological data. It features off-the-shelf algorithms suitable for both personal and high-performance computers, enabling workflows and downstream analysis approaches. We illustrate the broad scope and potential of CorALS by exploring perspectives on complex biological processes in large-scale multiomics and single-cell studies.
Coronavirus genomic cDNA derived G-quadruplex as a selective target for fluorometric detection
Authors: Pratihar Sumon , Mattath Mohamed Nabeel , Govindaraju Thimmaiah
Published: April 2023

Specific G-quadruplex-forming cDNA sequences of SARS-CoV-2 are identified and validated as reliable diagnostic targets by high fidelity fluorescence detection using small molecular probes.
Understanding the kinetics and atmospheric degradation mechanism of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CF2CFCl) initiated by OH radicals
Authors: Balsini Saber Safari , Shiroudi Abolfazl , Hatamjafari Farhad , Zahedi Ehsan , Pourshamsian Khalil , Oliaey Ahmad Reza
Published: April 2023

The atmospheric degradation mechanism kinetics of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), which is initiated by OH˙ and results in a variety of chemical oxidation products, were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set.
Tetra-penta-deca-hexagonal-graphene (TPDH-graphene) hydrogenation patterns: dynamics and electronic structure
Authors: Oliveira Caique C. , Medina Matheus , Galvao Douglas S. , Autreto Pedro A. S.
Published: April 2023

Fully atomistic molecular dynamics and density functional theory of hydrogenation process on 2D carbon allotrope: tetra-penta-deca-hexagonal graphene.
Boron–pnictogen monolayers with a negative Poisson's ratio and excellent band edge positions for photocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Nulakani Naga Venkateswara Rao , Dhilip Kumar T. J.
Published: April 2023

Boron–pnictogen (BX; X = N, P, As, Sb) materials with a negative Poisson’s ratio and excellent band edge positions for metal-free photocatalytic water dissociation reaction.
Single-component full-color emitting Ca6Y2Na2(PO4)6F2:Eu2+,Tb3+,Mn2+ phosphors with superior performance: color-tunable and energy transfer study
Authors: Zhang Bingye , Li Ying , Liu Jingli , Ren Yanli , Ying Shitian , Zhang Jinsu , Chen Baojiu
Published: April 2023

Highly efficient multi-center activated single-component white light-emitting phosphors were obtained via energy transfer.
Promotion of starch retrogradation by enzymatic elongation of amylopectin chains does not reduce glycemic responses: a randomized cross-over clinical trial
Authors: Korompokis Konstantinos , Delcour Jan A. , Verbeke Kristin
Published: April 2023

Amylomaltase treatment efficiently elongates amylopectin chains and promotes starch retrogradation, yet there is no effect on in vivo glycemic responses to healthy participants.
Industrially applied and relevant transformations of 1,3-butadiene using homogeneous catalysts
Authors: Yang Ji , Wang Peng , Neumann Helfried , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias
Published: April 2023

In this review, the use of 1,3-butadiene as a comparably cheap and abundant raw material to harvest fine and bulk chemicals is summarized in detail.
An attempt to construct an indole-fused azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane framework via radical cyclization
Authors: Singh Vipin Kumar , Ghosh Uttam , Chakraborty Tushar Kanti
Published: April 2023

SmI2-mediated radical cyclization of a xanthate ester derived from a 1,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carboline having an α,β-unsaturated ester appendage led to an indole-fused azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane framework.
Eu2+ and Mn2+ co-doped Lu2Mg2Al2Si2O12 phosphors for high sensitivity and multi-mode optical pressure sensing
Authors: Zheng Zhibo , Song Yanhua , Zheng Baofeng , Zhao Yanxia , Wang Qilin , Zhang Xiangting , Zou Bo , Zou Haifeng
Published: April 2023

The Eu2+ and Mn2+ co-doped Lu2Mg2Al2Si2O12 phosphor has two independent high sensitivities, 1.77 and 3.53 nm GPa−1. The decay degree of the overall integral intensity and the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) were put forward for pressure sensing.
Highly stable Fe/CeO2 catalyst for the reverse water gas shift reaction in the presence of H2S
Authors: Watanabe Ryo , Karasawa Fumiya , Yokoyama Chikamasa , Oshima Kazumasa , Kishida Masahiro , Hori Masahiro , Ono Yukinori , Satokawa Shigeo , Verma Priyanka , Fukuhara Choji
Published: April 2023

The Fe/CeO2 catalyst showed a high activity for reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction. Almost no loss of RWGS activity on Fe/CeO2 catalysts even in reaction atmospheres containing high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide.
Light and pH dual-responsive spiropyran-based cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Ye Xiu , Wang Anzhe , Zhang Dongyang , Zhou Peng , Zhu Pengli
Published: April 2023

Reversibly light and pH dual-responsive spiropyran-based cellulose nanocrystals (SP-CNCs) reveal photochromic properties, and function as a visible color change pH sensor.
Enhancing academic performance and student success through learning analytics-based personalised feedback emails in first-year chemistry
Authors: Kyne Sara H. , Lee Martin M. H. , Reyes Charisse T.
Published: April 2023

Recent developments in digital technologies, including learning analytics are changing educational practices due to the wealth of information available and its utility to inform academic interventions for students. This study investigates the impact of personalised feedback emails on students’ academic performance and student success in large first-year undergraduate chemistry courses. Learning analytics was used to inform and generate feedback emails to students at various timepoints during the semester. The feedback emails to students included an evaluation of their current performance, and advice of support systems and resources to support their learning. We analysed the marks of 6334 students at three timepoints during the semester in addition to their final course grade, and compared academic performance across three years of course offerings (2019–2021). We compared students that did not receive feedback (2019 control groups, n = 2391) with students that did receive feedback (2020–2021 experimental groups, n = 3943). Our findings suggest that students receiving personalised emails during the semester were more likely to pass their first-year chemistry course. Furthermore, our data showed that sending personalised feedback emails fostered higher student success among a greater number of students within the cohort, as well as students' appraisal of the personalised feedback.
A systematic review of learning progressions for the concept of matter in science education
Authors: Shi Guanxue , Bi Hualin
Published: April 2023

This study evaluated recent advances in learning progressions for the concept of matter (LPCM) and explored trends by reviewing the literature on the topic published between 2005 and 2021. A total of 21 studies were reviewed. Fifteen studies were devoted to developing LPCM of varying spans and grain sizes. There were six follow-up studies based on LPCM, which were divided into two categories: curriculum research and items design. This study explored the value of the existing research on constructing learning progressions, which focused on the challenges in using LP research to specify the content of the curriculum. It analyzed the terms used to represent the big ideas, the upper anchor, progress variables, the expression of intermediate level, the characteristics of stepping stones and grades/school levels. There were some differences among individual studies on constructing LPCM in the above aspects, which makes combining LPCM difficult. These studies have also reached some consensus: the multidimensional structure of the matter concept has been empirically confirmed. These studies on the development and validation of LPCM had the following characteristics: (a) the construction intention for LPCM focuses on the development of knowledge; (b) the choice of progress variables depends on experience; and (c) the developed LPCMs are mostly linear. These constructed LPCM have not been widely applied in practice. In order for research in this field to better contribute to the curriculum and instruction, we also proposed some suggestions for future research.
Correction: Efficient direct lignin fuel cells enabled by hierarchical nickel–iron phosphide nanosheets as an anode catalyst
Authors: Liu Fei , Lusi A. , Radhakrishnan Harish , Liu Hengzhou , Li Wenzhen , Qin Hantang , Jiang Shan , Bai Xianglan , Hu Shan
Published: April 2023

Correction for ‘Efficient direct lignin fuel cells enabled by hierarchical nickel–iron phosphide nanosheets as an anode catalyst’ by Fei Liu et al., Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2022, 6, 4866–4872, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SE00930G.
Facile synthesis of functionalized porous carbon from bitumite mixed with waste powder char for excellent wastewater purification
Authors: Yin Yufeng , Zhao Yiting , Wang Jing
Published: April 2023

This mildly synthesized hierarchical porous carbon material exhibits excellent organic wastewater removal performance. This preparation method provides an advantageous method for the high value-added utilization of coal-based solid waste.
Additive manufacturing of barium-doped calcium silicate/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffolds to activate CaSR and AKT signalling and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Chiu Yung-Cheng , Lin Yen-Hong , Chen Yi-Wen , Kuo Ting-You , Shie Ming-You
Published: April 2023

3D-printed barium-doped calcium silicate/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffold enhanced bone regeneration via activated CaSR and AKT signalling.
Controlling the structure of supramolecular fibre formation for benzothiazole based hydrogels with antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Hilton Kira L. F. , Karamalegkos Antonis A. , Allen Nyasha , Gwynne Lauren , Streather Bree , White Lisa J. , Baker Karen B. , Henry Samantha A. , Williams George T. , Shepherd Helena J. , Shepherd Mark , Hind Charlotte K. , Sutton Mark J. , Jenkins Toby A. , Mulvihill Daniel P. , Tullet Jennifer M. A. , Ezcurra Marina , Hiscock Jennifer R.
Published: April 2023

Supramolecular self-associating amphiphiles form a variety of self-associated structures demonstrating antimicrobial activity, limited toxicity and number of structure activity relationships.
A fluorinated ionizable lipid improves the mRNA delivery efficiency of lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Huo Haonan , Cheng Xingdi , Xu Jiaxi , Lin Jiaqi , Chen Ning , Lu Xueguang
Published: April 2023

The combination of ionizable lipids bearing alkyl chains and fluorinated alkyl chains improves the cellular uptake and mRNA expression of lipid nanoparticles.
A binaphthalimide motif as a chiral scaffold for thermally activated delayed fluorescence with circularly polarized luminescence activity
Authors: Tsuji Yugo , Kanno Natsuko , Goto Chigusa , Katao Shohei , Okajima Yasuo , Reine Pablo , Imbrasas Paulius , Reineke Sebastian , Shizu Katsuyuki , Nakashima Takuya , Kaji Hironori , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Louis Marine
Published: April 2023

A new red-emitting CPL/TADF derivative is reported. A monomeric form is compared to its chiral dimeric counterpart to unravel the impact of dimerization on TADF properties. Circularly polarized fluorescence and phosphorescence are also investigated.
B2C3NetF2: Breast cancer classification using an end‐to‐end deep learning feature fusion and satin bowerbird optimization controlled Newton Raphson feature selection
Authors: Fatima Mamuna , Khan Muhammad Attique , Shaheen Saima , Almujally Nouf Abdullah , Wang Shui‐Hua
Published: April 2023

Currently, the improvement in AI is mainly related to deep learning techniques that are employed for the classification, identification, and quantification of patterns in clinical images. The deep learning models show more remarkable performance than the traditional methods for medical image processing tasks, such as skin cancer, colorectal cancer, brain tumour, cardiac disease, Breast cancer (BrC), and a few more. The manual diagnosis of medical issues always requires an expert and is also expensive. Therefore, developing some computer diagnosis techniques based on deep learning is essential. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in females with a rapidly growing percentage. It is estimated that patients with BrC will rise to 70% in the next 20 years. If diagnosed at a later stage, the survival rate of patients with BrC is shallow. Hence, early detection is essential, increasing the survival rate to 50%. A new framework for BrC classification is presented that utilises deep learning and feature optimization. The significant steps of the presented framework include (i) hybrid contrast enhancement of acquired images, (ii) data augmentation to facilitate better learning of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, (iii) a pre‐trained ResNet‐101 model is utilised and modified according to selected dataset classes, (iv) deep transfer learning based model training for feature extraction, (v) the fusion of features using the proposed highly corrected function‐controlled canonical correlation analysis approach, and (vi) optimal feature selection using the modified Satin Bowerbird Optimization controlled Newton Raphson algorithm that finally classified using 10 machine learning classifiers. The experiments of the proposed framework have been carried out using the most critical and publicly available dataset, such as CBIS‐DDSM, and obtained the best accuracy of 94.5% along with improved computation time. The comparison depicts that the presented method surpasses the current state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Logic adaptive optimization model for dynamic temperature compensation of heating furnace based on proportion‐integral‐derivative position algorithm
Authors: Tong Xin
Published: April 2023

In order to improve the adaptive compensation control ability of the furnace dynamic temperature compensation logic, an adaptive optimal control model of the furnace dynamic temperature compensation logic based on proportion‐integral‐derivative (PID) position algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the constraint index model of the dynamic compensation logic control of the heating furnace temperature is constructed, and the target structure analysis of the electric heating furnace temperature control is realized by using the PID control mode. The platinum resistor is used to collect the temperature in the feedback link, and the controlled equipment converts electrical energy into heat energy for release. As the temperature rises, the difference between the two is sent to the fuzzy controller. The model fuzzy controller outputs an analog value, and the PID control system outputs different control parameters, thus realizing the parameter analysis and optimization design of the control law of the heating furnace temperature dynamic compensation logic control. The test results show that the method has good accuracy, with an error of 0.01 to 0.02, and has certain application value.
Surface brightness discontinuities in radio halos
Authors: Botteon Andrea , Markevitch Maxim , van Weeren Reinout J. , Brunetti Gianfranco , Shimwell Timothy W.
Published: April 2023

Context. Dynamical motions in the intra-cluster medium (ICM) can imprint distinctive features on X-ray images that map the thermal bremsstrahlung emission from galaxy clusters, such as sharp surface brightness discontinuities due to shocks and cold fronts. The gas dynamics during cluster mergers may also drive large-scale turbulence in the ICM, which in turn generates extended (megaparsec-scale) synchrontron sources known as radio halos.

Aims. Surface brightness edges have been found numerous times in the thermal gas of clusters based on X-ray observations. In contrast, edges in radio halos have only been observed in a handful of cases. Our goal is to search for new radio surface brightness discontinuities in the ICM.

Methods. We inspected the images of the Bullet Cluster and the other 25 radio halos reported in the MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey. To aid the identification of surface brightness discontinuities, we applied a gradient-filtering edge-detection method to the radio images.

Results. We find that the adopted filtering technique is helpful in identifying surface brightness edges in radio images, allowing us to identify at least one gradient in half of the radio halos studied. For the Bullet Cluster, we find excellent agreement between the locations of the four radio discontinuities detected and the X-ray edges. This similarity informs us that there is substantial interplay between thermal and nonthermal components in galaxy clusters. This interplay is likely due to the frozen-in ICM magnetic field, which mediates the advection of cosmic rays while being dragged by thermal gas flows.

Conclusions. We conclude that radio halos are shaped by dynamical motions in the ICM and that they often display surface brightness discontinuities, which appear to be co-located with edges in the thermal gas emission. Our results demonstrate that new and future generations of radio telescopes will provide an approach to efficiently detecting shocks and cold fronts in the ICM that is complementary to X-rays.
The distance to the Serpens South cluster from H2O masers
Authors: Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Dzib Sergio A. , Loinard Laurent , Gong Yan , Pillai Thushara , Plunkett Adele
Published: April 2023

In this Letter we report Very Long Baseline Array observations of 22 GHz water masers toward the protostar CARMA–6, located at the center of the Serpens South young cluster. From the astrometric fits to maser spots, we derive a distance of 440.7±3.5 pc for the protostar (1% error). This represents the best direct distance determination obtained so far for an object this young and deeply embedded in this highly obscured region. Taking depth effects into account, we obtain a distance to the cluster of 440.7 ± 4.6 pc. Stars visible in the optical that have astrometric solutions in the Gaia Data Release 3 are, on the other hand, all located at the periphery of the cluster. Their mean distance of 437−41+51 pc is consistent within 1σ with the value derived from maser astrometry. As the maser source is at the center of Serpens South, we finally solve the ambiguity of the distance to this region that has prevailed over the years.
Modeling and forecasting tasks of agriculture based on machine learning
Authors: Sabitov Baratbek , Kartanova Asel , Kurmanbek uulu Talant , Seitkazieva Nazgul , Dyikanova Ainura , Orozobekova Aida
Published: April 2023

Continuous advances in computer technology have provided good support for the expansion of agricultural research using machine learning. This article considered the current problem of yield forecasting using methods and algorithms of machine learning to support management decision-making in the agricultural sector. For a set of data collected from five districts of the Issyk-Kul region, such as weather conditions, soil characteristics and pre-processing of the sowing area, a study of the yield of various crops using advanced machine learning algorithms, such as the support vector method, k-nearest neighbors, variants of gradient boosting and random forest, etc., is demonstrated. To assess the accuracy of the models, a comparative analysis with the results of multiple regression was carried out. It is shown that powerful regression machine learning algorithms like k-nearest neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), support vector method (SVR) and gradient boosting (GBR) give tangible results in prediction compared to other machine learning methods (MAPE=10%). The calculation results showed the effectiveness of using algorithms with ensemble methods to solve the problems of yield forecasting, and that environmental factors (weather conditions) have a greater impact on yield than soil genotype.
Aspects of forming the institutional mechanism for organization management
Authors: Fomenko Natalia , Kotelevskaya Yulia
Published: April 2023

The research of organizations’ development based on the study of the institutional mechanism helps to identify problematic issues and the possibility of economical systems’ functioning, on the ground of which the directions for the enterprises’ evolvement are determined. The purpose of this article’s study is to reveal the features of institutional mechanism’s formation for managing an organization. Within the framework of this article, the analysis of basic concepts like “institution”, “institutional management”, “institutional mechanism”, etc. is conducted. It is determined that formal rules’ institutions, mechanisms and restrictions include legislation and structures that implement their activities by introducing general principles into society and forcing participants to comply with the established rules. It is substantiated that institutional mechanisms, in case of effective use in the activities of organizations, will ensure the interaction of institutions and enterprises, forming an infrastructure represented by institutional requirements and opportunities for their implementation.
Analysis of life expectancy in Russian regions
Authors: Kapitanova Olga , Kuznetsov Iurii , Semenov Alexey , Kisova Veronika , Koneva Irina
Published: April 2023

This study deals with the analysis of the factors that determine life expectancy in Russia at the macro level. Among the available statistical indicators, those were selected that can be considered as a macroeconomic alternative to the basic microeconomic determinants affecting the life expectancy of an individual. As a result of the regression analysis, significant indicators were identified, which included the marriage rate, the unemployment rate, the number of students, the number of hospital beds, the gross regional product, budget expenditures on health care, and the region’s subtropical climate. A cluster analysis of the regions was also carried out for these indicators, with the exception of the last one, and it was shown that the regions are distributed into 5 clusters. The cluster, which includes Moscow and St. Petersburg, where there is a high life expectancy due to the metropolitan area of these regions and good medicine, is singled out separately. The regions of the North Caucasus are also characterized by high life expectancy, but here it is due to completely different reasons: religious and climatic features. The Tyumen, Magadan, Sakhalin regions and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug are united into a separate cluster. These regions are characterized by the highest GRP, but low life expectancy and the lowest number of students.
Economic cycles and the labor market: opportunities of using crises in the leading indicators system
Authors: Ziankova Larysa , Zakharova Svetlana , Mizikovsky Igor , Frolov Vladislav , Mazin Aleksandr , Ivanova Nadezhda
Published: April 2023

The paper raises questions about the timeliness of anti-crisis measures taken by the government in Belarus. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using some indicators of the labor market functioning as predictive indicators of macrodynamics. Within the framework of the problem of cycling, some conceptual issues of diagnosing the phases of the cycle, signs of the onset of a crisis phase in the labor market have been raised. Statistical data of Belarus for 2015 – 2022 were subjected to statistical and econometric analysis.
First steps of silicene growth on an insulating thin-film: effect of the substrate temperature
Authors: Quertite Khalid , Enriquez Hanna , Trcera Nicolas , Lagarde Pierre , Bendounan Azzedine , Mayne Andrew J. , Dujardin Gérald , El kenz Abdallah , Benyoussef Abdelilah , Kara Abdelkader , Oughaddou Hamid
Published: April 2023

Silicene is a two-dimensional (2D) material with very promising electronic properties for applications in silicon modern technology. However, the first experimental synthesis of silicene on metallic surfaces shows strong interactions between the silicene and its substrate, which can alter its electronic properties. Here, we report on the first steps of silicene growth on an insulating surface (NaCl) using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We demonstrate the importance of temperature annealing in the growth of silicene on NaCl. Indeed, after deposition of silicon on the NaCl/Ag(110) surface, we observe the following stages: (i) at room temperature, the silicon atoms accumulate on top of the NaCl layer without any given order. (ii) At 60 °C, silicon dimers start to grow on the NaCl. (iii) At 140 °C, these dimers form a 2D silicon chains on the surface. (iv) After a post-annealing at 200 °C, evident 2D silicon nanoribbons with a honeycomb-like structure were observed. Our results of the first silicene growth stages on an insulating surface are a necessary step for exploring its growth mechanism further.
Switchable optics based on guided mode resonance in lithographically patterned vanadium dioxide with integrated heating layer
Authors: Walther Markus , Siefke Thomas , Gerold Kristin , Zeitner Uwe D.
Published: April 2023

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has promising applications in smart windows and active micro-optical devices due to its thermochromic properties. However, the successful fabrication and patterning of VO2 thin films with the correct stoichiometry and phase are challenging. In this study, we investigated lithographically patterned and non-patterned VO2 thin films fabricated by reactive ion beam deposition, using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission and reflection measurements. The results show that the refractive index and extinction coefficient exhibit significant changes for near-infrared wavelengths when heated above 68 °C, confirming its thermochromic properties. The Raman spectroscopy results indicate the formation of the monoclinic phase VO2(M) after annealing, which was not changed by reactive ion etching. Lithographically structured VO2-layers were successfully realized demonstrating the potential of VO2 as a material for active micro-optical devices, such as guided mode resonance filters with switchable reflectance. The results suggest that VO2 has great potential as a promising material for actively switched optical elements and micro-optical devices.
Microstructure and wear analysis of CoWC alloy layers deposited by PTA process
Authors: Ozabaci Murat , Teker Tanju , Yılmaz S. Osman
Published: April 2023

CoWC composite coatings were produced on AISI 430 steel by the plasma transfer arc cladding. Three different powder mixtures containing WC (90%, 85% and 80%) and Co (10%, 15% and 20%) were used. Phase composition, microstructural characterization and coating properties were investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental mapping, hardness and wear test. The wear shape morphology of coatings was determined by SEM. The increased ratio of WC in CoWC powders reduced the degradation of CoWC. The substrate hardness of 180 HV gained a coating hardness value of approximately 462 HV. An increase in the hardness of the coating alloy compared to the substrate was achieved. W2C, WC, CoC and Co6W6C phases were determined on the coating surface. The high levels of WC concentration on the coating surface increased the wear resistance.
Dissoziation – eine interdisziplinäre
Herausforderung
Authors: Fonseca Patricia
Published: April 2023

Dissoziative Phänomene erfordern zunehmend neurologische sowie
psychiatrische Aufmerksamkeit in Praxis und Klinik, um sie frühzeitig zu
erkennen und zu diagnostizieren und den Patienten eine entsprechende Behandlung
zukommen zu lassen. In diesem Artikel werden die dissoziativen Störungen
unter Berücksichtigung der neuen Klassifikation der ICD-11 vorgestellt
sowie entsprechende diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen
beschrieben.
Facilitators and Challenges in Patient's Satisfaction with Quality of Cervical Cancer Care in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry, India: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yadav Shikha , Jayaseelan Venkatachalam , Pandjatcharam Jagadesan , Roy Gautam , Susindran Balaji , Ravel Vanessa
Published: April 2023

Background Chronic diseases require more attention in terms of patient satisfaction due to their physically and mentally exhausting nature. Cancer burden in India for 2021 was 26.7 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and is projected to rise to 29.8 million by 2025. The second most common cause of cancer DALYs among females was cervix uteri (98.6 per 100,000). Evaluation of factors that influence satisfaction can assist in finding solutions to improve the quality of services provided.

Methods This study was conducted in the Regional Cancer Centre, Puducherry. One focused group discussion (FGD) was conducted among seven cervical cancer patients and eight key informant interviews (KII) with their healthcare providers (HCPs). The details collected included perceptions of patient satisfaction, difficulties they faced in achieving patient satisfaction, and possible recommendations for improvement. Thematic analysis was done after preparing transcripts.

Results The major facilitating factors reported were proper information exchange, the approachability of staff, and assisting patients with transportation concession certificates. Obstacles highlighted by patients included lack of family support, side effects of treatment, inability to do routine work, and long travel time. HCP reported misalignment between and within departments, overworked staff, lack of equipment for smooth telemedicine services, and inadequate space for OPD, counseling, and waiting as barriers to providing satisfactory services to patients.

Conclusions Most challenges were attributed to overworked staff, inequitable distribution of cancer center, and patients' knowledge and understanding of disease. Therefore, it is important to make patients aware of the disease, treatment, and value of the quality of life. It can enable them to make better use of resources, in addition to improvements in the health system.
Biomechanics of Proximal Hamate Autograft in Scaphoid Nonunion
Authors: Vu Catphuong L. , Telfer Scott , Huang Jerry I.
Published: April 2023

Purpose Treatment of proximal scaphoid fractures remains a challenge with a risk of nonunions and avascular necrosis due to its retrograde blood supply. The ipsilateral proximal hamate has been described as a viable autograft option for osteochondral reconstruction of the proximal scaphoid. Our study evaluated the changes in the contact area and pressure of the radioscaphoid joint after proximal hamate autograft reconstruction.

Methods Thin sensors (Tekscan Inc., Boston, MA) were placed in the radiocarpal joints of six fresh-frozen cadaveric forearms. Each specimen's tendons were loaded to 150 N in neutral, 45-degree flexion/extension positions through five cycles. Through a dorsal wrist approach, the proximal 10 mm of the scaphoid and hamate was excised. The proximal hamate autograft was affixed to the scaphoid with K-wires. Peak contact pressures and areas at the scaphoid facet were determined and averaged across loading cycles.

Results At the radioscaphoid facet, peak contact pressures were equivalent, although an increasing trend in the neutral and extended wrist position was seen. At the radiolunate facet, contact pressure had an increasing trend in the hamate reconstructed wrists in all wrist positions. Contact areas had a decreasing trend and were nonequivalent at the radioscaphoid facet in the hamate reconstructed wrist.

Conclusion After hamate autograft, the contact areas were not equivalent between the native and reconstructed wrists but contact pressures were equivalent in the facets. The proximal hamate has a more pointed morphology compared with the proximal scaphoid, which would explain the change in contact area in the hamate autografted wrist. Our study suggests hamate autograft may present a viable reconstruction for the proximal pole of the scaphoid without significantly altering peak contact pressures at the radioscaphoid facet.