bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMET: Convolutional Dimension Interaction for Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Lin Zhuoyi , Feng Lei , Guo Xingzhi , Zhang Yu , Yin Rui , Kwoh Chee Keong , Xu Chi
Published: March 2023

Representation learning-based recommendation models play a dominant role among recommendation techniques. However, most of the existing methods assume both historical interactions and embedding dimensions are independent of each other, and thus regrettably ignore the high-order interaction information among historical interactions and embedding dimensions. In this article, we propose a novel representation learning-based model called COMET (COnvolutional diMEnsion inTeraction), which simultaneously models the high-order interaction patterns among historical interactions and embedding dimensions. To be specific, COMET stacks the embeddings of historical interactions horizontally at first, which results in two “embedding maps”. In this way, internal interactions and dimensional interactions can be exploited by convolutional neural networks (CNN) with kernels of different sizes simultaneously. A fully connected multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is then applied to obtain two interaction vectors. Lastly, the representations of users and items are enriched by the learnt interaction vectors, which can further be used to produce the final prediction. Extensive experiments and ablation studies on various public implicit feedback datasets clearly demonstrate the effectiveness and rationality of our proposed method.
Do I have your attention? Attention and engagement: What are they, and do I want them?
Authors: Bradbury Neil A.
Published: March 2023

Although many articles and books exist describing various classroom strategies to increase student engagement, often advice to newer faculty is given as prescriptive ways to organize a class or to repeat what was given by the last person who presented the material. Yet irrespective of the structure of the class or learning environment, there are subtle hurdles that many faculty erect that hinder a student’s progress. This Personal View discusses some of the potential barriers educators put up that deter effective student learning and, importantly, offers advice on how those barriers can be dismantled.
Perinatal intermittent hypoxia increases early susceptibility to ANG II-induced hypertension in adult male but not in female Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Ramirez Lindsey A. , Mohamed Riyaz , Marin Terri , Brands Michael W. , Snyder Elizabeth , Sullivan Jennifer C.
Published: March 2023

The impact of acute intermittent hypoxia (IH) in early life on blood pressure in adulthood is unknown. This study used a new model exposing female and male rat pups to acute IH in the first 8 days of life, without exposing the dam. Although baseline blood pressure was not altered in adulthood, IH increased susceptibility to angiotensin II hypertension only in males, supporting increased susceptibility of males exposed to IH to a second cardiovascular stressor.
Aging increases metabolic capacity and reduces work efficiency during handgrip exercise in males
Authors: Pedrinolla Anna , Berg Ole Kristian , Tøien Tiril , Wang Eivind
Published: March 2023

Contrasting the typically observed decline in V̇o2max with age, the current study reveals an age-related increase in forearm metabolic capacity during handgrip exercise in old, mediated by an increased forearm blood flow. Exercise with a small muscle mass in arms, where central components of the oxygen transport are not limiting, allows old to attain a similar maximal work rate as young despite their increased V̇o2/W ratio.
A Comparative Research of Control System Design Based on H-Infinity and ALQR for the Liquid Rocket Engine of Variable Thrust
Authors: Chen Fayin , Xue Wei , Tang Yong , Wang Tao
Published: March 2023

The design and analysis procedures for the thrust controller used in variable-thrust rocket engines are substantially different from those used in conventional engines due to the large-scale thrust adjustment capabilities that result in a wide range of operating situations. In this study, two control algorithms, h-infinity and adaptive linear quadratic regulator (ALQR), are constructed, examined, and contrasted utilizing the adaptive control system architecture. Both methods are capable of producing engines that respond in less than one second, have a steady-state error of less than two percent, and are robust.
EMP1 as a Potential Biomarker in Liver Fibrosis: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Chen Xuchen , Lv Xinliang , Han Manman , Hu Yexiao , Zheng Wanqiong , Xue Haibo , Li Zhuokai , Li Kui , Tan Wei
Published: March 2023

Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic injury, which may result in cirrhosis and liver failure. Studies have been carried on the mechanisms and pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. However, the potential cell-specific expressed marker genes involved in fibrotic processes remain unknown. In this study, we combined a publicly accessible single-cell transcriptome of human liver with microarray datasets to evaluate the cell-specific expression patterns of differentially expressed genes in the liver. We noticed that EMP1 (epithelial membrane protein 1) is significantly active not only in CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride)-treated mouse liver fibrosis but also in BDL (bile duct ligation)-induced liver fibrosis and even in human fibrotic liver tissues such as alcoholic hepatitis, NASH (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), and advanced stage liver fibrosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that EMP1 is a specific fibrotic gene expressed in HSCs (hepatic stellate cells) and endothelial cells using the Protein Atlas single-cell transcriptome RNA-sequencing clustering. Its expression was significantly elevated in fibrotic HSCs or CCl4 and NASH-induced fibroblasts. Previous research revealed that EMP1 plays a role in proliferation, migration, metastasis, and tumorigeneses in different cancers via a variety of mechanisms. Because HSC activation and proliferation are two important steps following liver injury, it would be interesting to investigate the role of EMP1 in these processes. All of this information suggested that EMP1 could be used as a novel fibrotic liver marker and a possible target in the future.
Measurement Method of Comprehensive Transportation Development Quality Based on Transportation Efficiency
Authors: Zhan Jiahao , Yang Shengwen , Wang Xueyin , Fan Ting
Published: March 2023

Transportation is the forerunner of economic and social development. Therefore, the high-quality development of comprehensive transportation is of great significance to ensure overall economic and social progress and the smooth implementation of major national strategies. The essence of high-quality development in transportation is to realize the optimal allocation of transportation resources. This study handles two aspects. First, the factors that reflect the quality of comprehensive transportation development are defined and analyzed, and an evaluation system is proposed to build China’s comprehensive transportation development quality with transportation efficiency as the core is proposed, taking into account transportation infrastructure and transportation scale. Second, the static comprehensive evaluation value is calculated by the entropy weight method, and then the incentive control model is constructed by introducing incentive factors to achieve a dynamic comprehensive evaluation of comprehensive transportation development. The research results not only propose new indicators but also evaluate different modes of transportation within the same dimension. The results show that the quality of comprehensive transportation development in China is generally on the rise, but there are obvious regional differences. The proposed model is derived from evaluation cases in transportation-related fields and has not yet been applied in the transportation field. It can help understand the development status of the industry and assist in policy formulation.
Modified Activated Carbon: A Supporting Material for Improving Clostridium beijerinckii TISTR1461 Immobilized Fermentation
Authors: Chinwatpaiboon Piyawat , Boonsombuti Akarin , Chaisuwan Thanyalak , Savarajara Ancharida , Luengnaruemitchai Apanee
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of activated carbon (AC) as an immobilization material in acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation. The AC surface was modified with different physical (orbital shaking and refluxing) and chemical (nitric acid, sodium hydroxide and, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)) treatments to enhance the biobutanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii TISTR1461. The effect of surface modification on AC was evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, surface area analyses, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, while the fermented broth was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The chemical functionalization significantly modified the physicochemical properties of the different treated ACs and further enhanced the butanol production. The AC treated with APTES under refluxing provided the best fermentation results at 10.93 g/L of butanol, 0.23 g/g of yield, and 0.15 g/L/h of productivity, which were 1.8-, 1.5-, and 3.0-fold higher, respectively, than that in the free-cell fermentation. The obtained dried cell biomass also revealed that the treatment improved the AC surface for cell immobilization. This study demonstrated and emphasized the importance of surface properties to cell immobilization.
Development of Nonlinear Geometric Seismic Isolation with a Duffing Spring
Authors: Miyamoto Kou , Iba Jun , Watanabe Koichi , Ishii Ken , Kikuchi Masaru
Published: March 2023

Seismic isolation is widely used in several countries, and the number of seismically isolated buildings has increased rapidly in recent decades. Seismic isolation extends the natural period of a building to decrease the absolute acceleration and seismic force. As there is a trade-off between the absolute acceleration and displacement, a soft layer results in a large displacement for a large seismic wave, but the hard one causes the large absolute acceleration even for a small seismic wave. The restoring force of a Duffing spring is given by the third and first orders of the displacement. This spring has been applied to protect a building from large earthquake waves. However, the influence of the coefficient of the Duffing spring that determines the dynamic characteristics of the system has not been clarified. Thus, a used Duffing spring may not be appropriate for seismic resistance. Moreover, most studies are based on analytical methods, and the advantages of the Duffing isolation have not been verified in an actual system. To address these problems, this paper reveals the influence of the coefficient of the Duffing spring on structural responses to seismic waves. Moreover, this paper devised a way to implement a Duffing spring for seismic isolation and carried out experiments to verify the validity in actual systems. The experimental results presented that the Duffing spring was effective in protecting a building in actual systems.
Two-Stage Participation of Grid-Connected Energy Hubs in Day-Ahead and Real-Time Energy Markets Based on Robust Modeling of Uncertainties
Authors: Nafehfeshan Mohammad Jafar , Bahmani-Firouzi Bahman , Nafar Mehdi
Published: March 2023

Optimal management of sources, storage, and responsive loads in the energy network leads to improvement of economic and technical situation of the network. However, note that single-layer energy management requires to provide the network operator with more amounts of information. This results in the increase in the processing speed for the network operator. Also, coordination of sources, storage, and responsive loads in the form of an aggregator such as an energy hub can play an important role for them in promoting the economic situation and energy efficiency. So, this paper presents the participation of grid-connected energy hubs (EHs) in the day-ahead (DA) and real-time (RT) energy markets. Scheme has a two-stage optimization framework. In the first stage, participation of EHs in the hourly DA energy market is executed based on a two-layer energy management system that is modeled as bilevel problem. EH model in DA market is formulated in upper-level problem aimed at maximizing their profit subject to meeting the linearized constraints of the EH’s operation. Lower-level problem deals with the operation of energy networks to minimize cost of energy purchase from the upstream network constrained to linearized optimal power flow equations. The second stage of participation of EHs in a 5 min RT market has an objective function to minimize the unbalance between the EHs’ profits in the mentioned two markets. This stage is subject to the upper-level constraints and the lower-level formulation in the first stage. Robust optimization models the uncertainties of load, renewable power, energy price, and energy demand of mobile storage to achieve an optimal robust solution. Benders decomposition algorithm solves bilevel formulation in two-stage scheme. Numerical results confirm capabilities of the scheme in enhancing operation status of the networks and economic situation of EHs. Hence, the Benders decomposition algorithm is able to extract the optimal solution in shorter computation time. Two-layer energy management needs shorter computation time than the single-layer management. Simultaneous modeling of two real-time and day-ahead energy markets reduces the unbalance cost between these markets. The proposed scheme can enhance the operating and economic indicators of the network by up to around 18% and 26% compared to power flow studies of energy networks.
Two-Loop Acceleration Autopilot Design and Analysis Based on TD3 Strategy
Authors: Fan Junfang , Dou Denghui , Ji Yi , Liu Ning , Chen Shiwei , Yan Huajie , Li Junxian
Published: March 2023

A two-loop acceleration autopilot is designed using the twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) strategy to avoid the tedious design process of conventional tactical missile acceleration autopilots and the difficulty of meeting the performance requirements of the full flight envelope. First, a deep reinforcement learning model for the two-loop autopilot is developed. The flight state information serves as the state, the to-be-designed autopilot control parameters serve as the action, and a reward mechanism based on the stability margin index is designed. The TD3 strategy is subsequently used to offline learn the control parameters for the entire flight envelope. An autopilot control parameter fitting model that can be directly applied to the guidance loop is obtained. Finally, the obtained fitting model is combined with the impact angle constraint in the guidance system and verified online. The simulation results demonstrate that the autopilot based on the TD3 strategy can self-adjust the control parameters online based on the real-time flight state, ensuring system stability and achieving accurate acceleration command tracking.
Maintenance of National Heritage Anglican Churches in Malaysia
Authors: Ow Wee Fhong , Chua Shirley Jin Lin , Ali Azlan Shah
Published: March 2023

This paper addresses the maintenance of National Heritage Anglican churches in Malaysia. A field survey is presented, describing the current defects of selected Anglican churches in Malaysia and proposing maintenance practices against the identified defects. The neglect in maintaining Anglican churches is alarming. The survey revealed that, aside from routine housekeeping, the majority of the churches surveyed had little to no regular maintenance. As the studied Anglican churches are Malaysian’s National Heritage, the study adopted AHP and ANP to determine the relative importance of building discipline and space type inside a church, ensuring that the maintenance shall not neglect the values of these entities. Collectively, the in-situ survey results, the maintenance practices recommended by past literature, and the relative importance of building discipline and space type were used to propose a maintenance plan. Instead of generalising areas inside a church, different areas within a church are weighted differently in terms of importance levels, especially due to the fact that churches have a substantially different occupancy rate than conventional buildings. With the proposed hierarchy, priority might be given to the most vital areas first. In addition, church assets differ from those of other types of buildings, and their features should not be addressed in the same way. The research gives an improved asset hierarchy for churches based on the findings of multicriteria decision-making analysis. With this hierarchy in place, building custodians or maintenance personnel may find it easier to prioritise maintenance activities at churches, especially when financial is often limited.
Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generators in Active Distribution Network considering TOU Price
Authors: Liu Hongbo , Liu Shencheng , Gai Xueyang , Liu Yongfa , Yan Yutong , Sun Li
Published: March 2023

As the distributed generators (DGs) are connected to active distribution network (ADN), it strengthens the communication interest between the customs and DGs and can facilitate energy integration. This article proposes hybrid pricing for DG configuration by taking advantage of fixed pricing and dynamic pricing. The time sequence scenario of wind-photovoltaic-load power can be got by k-means, which can balance the calculation burden with multiple scenarios. The planning model is built as the optimal objective for minimal investment in operation and maintenance of DGs, reduction of network loss, and decrease of voltage deviation. An improved simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm is also proposed by refining the initialized population based on the niche fitness, introducing inertia weight with chaotic disturbance and accelerating local search with learning factor of dynamic parameter. The effectiveness and rationality of the proposed methodology are verified by simulation in the IEEE 69-bus system.
Improvement of Soybean Crop for Yield, Stress Tolerance, and Value-Added Products Using a Transgenic Approach
Authors: Shelke Deepak B. , Chambhare Mahadev R. , Nikalje Ganesh C. , Nikam T. D.
Published: March 2023

Soybean (Glycine max) is an economically important crop, ranking first among the edible oilseed crops in the world due to its oil content and nutritional value. Besides, it is used as a dietary supplement and a source of pharmaceuticals. The recent rapid climate changes and increasing global population have led to increasing demand for vegetable oil. In the recent past, advances in the field of plant biotechnology have revolutionized agricultural practices at a global level to enhance the yield of crops. This technology not only makes an impact on the agricultural market but also opens up new corridors for agriculture-related industrial applications of this important crop. Therefore, in the last two decades, soybean has gained attention for genetic improvement with remarkable developments in the manipulations of genes for the induction of desired characteristics. In this review, we introduced the transgenic approach as a promising tool for the improvement of soybean oilseed quality and productivity. Then, the enhancement of nutritional and pharmaceutical value together with biotic and abiotic stress-resistant ability was summarized and compared. The methods and strategies for achieving soybean crops with improved abiotic stress tolerance, productivity, and pharmaceutics are categorized to help with future research.
FDA Approval Summary: Atezolizumab as Adjuvant Treatment following Surgical Resection and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Stage II to IIIA NSCLC
Authors: Mathieu Luckson N. , Larkins Erin , Sinha Arup K. , Mishra-Kalyani Pallavi S. , Jafri Samina , Kalavar Shyam , Ghosh Soma , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Pazdur Richard , Beaver Julia A. , Singh Harpreet
Published: March 2023

On October 15, 2021, the FDA approved atezolizumab as adjuvant therapy in patients with stage II to IIIA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on ≥1% of tumor cells (TC), as detected by an FDA-approved test. The approval was based on results from the IMpower010 trial, in which 1,005 patients with NSCLC who had completed tumor resection and cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive atezolizumab for 16 cycles or best supportive care. The primary endpoint of disease-free survival (DFS) as assessed by investigator was tested hierarchically in the following analysis populations: stage II–IIIA NSCLC with PD-L1 expression on ≥1% of TCs (PD-L1 ≥ 1% TC); all randomly assigned patients with stage II–IIIA NSCLC; and the intent-to-treat population comprising all randomly assigned patients. At the prespecified interim DFS analysis, IMpower010 demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in DFS in the stage II–IIIA PD-L1 ≥ 1% TC analysis population, with an HR of 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.88; P = 0.004) favoring the atezolizumab arm. The safety profile of atezolizumab was generally consistent with known toxicities of anti–PD-(L) antibodies. The VENTANA PD-L1 (SP263) Assay (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.) was contemporaneously approved as a companion diagnostic device to select patients with NSCLC who are PD-L1 ≥ 1% TC for adjuvant treatment with atezolizumab. Atezolizumab is the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved by FDA for the adjuvant treatment of NSCLC.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Five Key Vitamins and Minerals
Authors: Weir Sydney Alexis , Roman Brittany , Jiminez Victoria , Burns Meredith , Sanyi Adaugo , Elewski Boni , Mayo Tiffany
Published: March 2023

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by painful abscesses and nodules, has limited effective treatment options. However, adjuncts to standard therapeutics such as dietary modifications have been increasingly investigated in recent years. This comprehensive review aimed to analyze the literature concerning the relationship between HS and 28 essential vitamins and minerals. A literature search was performed via PubMed, Embase, Ovid, and Scopus using search terms related to HS and the essential vitamins and minerals. A total of 215 unique articles were identified and analyzed. Twelve essential nutrients had documented associations with HS; definitive supplementation or monitoring recommendations were identified for 7 of the 12 HS-associated nutrients in the literature. Evidence is growing that supports adjunct supplementation of zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin D in the treatment of HS. Further, obtaining serum levels of zinc, vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 upon initial diagnosis of HS may be beneficial to optimize standard HS treatment. In conclusion, optimizing nutrition in addition to standard HS therapeutics may help reduce disease burden; however more research is needed.
High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts One-Year Risk of Pneumonia Post-Stroke Discharge
Authors: Sung Kuan-Lin , Kuo Miao-Jen , Hsieh Cheng-Yang , Sung Sheng-Feng
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may predict stroke-associated pneumonia, which is generally defined as pneumonia occurring in the first week after stroke. However, little is known whether the initial NLR is associated with pneumonia risk during the long-term follow-up in stroke survivors. We aimed to determine the relationship between admission NLR and the risk of post-stroke pneumonia within 1 year after discharge from acute stroke care. Methods: Hospital databases were searched to identify adult patients hospitalized for acute stroke. Admission NLR was extracted using differential leukocyte counts. The outcome of interest was hospitalized pneumonia occurring within 1 year after discharge from hospitalization for stroke. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models were used to determine the independent effects of the NLR on the risk of pneumonia. Results: In this study, 5,741 patients with acute stroke (mean age, 68 years; men, 62.1%) were analyzed. The median NLR was 2.72 (interquartile range, 1.78–4.49). Of the patients, 342 (6.0%) developed pneumonia within 1 year after discharge. In the multivariable models, the NLR was a significant predictor of pneumonia after discharge whether it was analyzed as a continuous or dichotomized variable. The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios were 1.037 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.013–1.061) and 1.361 (95% CI, 1.087–1.704), respectively. Conclusion: The NLR could predict the risk of post-stroke pneumonia up to 1 year after discharge from acute stroke care. It may help identify high-risk stroke survivors, for whom appropriate interventions can be targeted.
Psoriasis: Neue Perspektive für pädiatrische Patienten
Authors: Fölster-Holst Regina
Published: March 2023

Background: The efficacy and safety of biologic treatments for children and adolescents with moderate to severe psoriasis should be examined over a considerable time period and in different subgroups. Objective: We report the efficacy and safety of secukinumab low dose (LD) and high dose (HD) regimens in pediatric patients with moderate to severe psoriasis for up to Week 52. Methods: This was a randomized, open-label, parallel-group, multicenter study in patients aged 6 to < 18 years. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive LD (75/75/150 mg; N = 42) or HD (75/150/300 mg; N = 42) subcutaneous secukinumab. At randomization, patients were stratified by weight (< 25, 25 to < 50, ≥ 50 kg) and disease severity (moderate/severe). The study is ongoing; the present analysis included data up to Week 52 collected from August 29, 2018 (first patient first visit) to May 28, 2020 (last patient last visit for Week 52). Efficacy was measured using Investigator's Global Assessment modified 2011 0/1 (IGA 0/1) and Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) 75/90/100 response. Safety outcomes included assessment of adverse events. Results: Of the 84 enrolled patients, 78 (92.9%) completed 52 weeks of treatment. Overall, response rates for PASI 75 and IGA 0/1 were similar between the LD (92.8/88.9%) and HD (93.3/84.7%) groups at Week 52. In the LD and HD groups, PASI 90/100 responses at Week 52 were 78.7/53.5% and 84.7/70.0%, respectively. The proportions of IGA 0/1 and PASI 75/90 responders were comparable for the age, body weight, and disease severity subgroups in the secukinumab LD and HD groups. Mean absolute PASI change from baseline at week 52 was - 17.3 ± standard deviation 5.0 and - 18.2 ± 7.0, a percentage change of - 94.3 and - 94.5% for the LD and HD groups, respectively. More than 70% of evaluable patients achieved Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index 0/1 at Week 52 (LD 70.7%; HD 70.3%). The safety profile was consistent with that in adults, with no new safety signals for either secukinumab dosing regimen. Conclusion: A high proportion of pediatric patients with psoriasis responded to both dosing regimens of secukinumab and maintained clinical responses through 52 weeks of treatment. No clinical difference was observed in the efficacy of secukinumab across the pediatric subgroups. Safety events were consistent with the established safety profile of secukinumab.
Generalisierte pustulöse Psoriasis: Es tut sich was!
Authors: Philipp Sandra
Published: March 2023

Risankizumab, a humanized immunoglobin G1 monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits interleukin 23 by binding to its p19 subunit, is approved in Japan to treat numerous indications, including generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) and erythrodermic psoriasis (EP). Both GPP and EP are severe forms of psoriasis that have limited treatment options. In IMMspire (A Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Two Different Dose Regimens of Risankizumab Administered Subcutaneously in Japanese Subjects With Generalized Pustular Psoriasis or Erythrodermic Psoriasis) (NCT03022045), a phase 3, randomized, multicenter study in Japan, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of risankizumab for Japanese adults with GPP or EP. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive open-label risankizumab 75 mg or 150 mg at weeks 0 and 4 and every 12 weeks thereafter through week 160. The primary efficacy end point was GPP or EP clinical response at week 16. Other efficacy end points included GPP or EP clinical response, ≥90% improvement from baseline in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 90) and Dermatology Life Quality Index of 0 or 1 (DLQI 0/1) through 180 weeks (last follow-up visit). Safety was assessed throughout. A total of 17 patients (eight with GPP and nine with EP) were enrolled. All patients achieved the primary end point of GPP or EP clinical response at week 16. Among patients continuing risankizumab treatment, achievement of GPP or EP clinical response, PASI 90 and DLQI 0/1 were generally sustained throughout the treatment. The safety profile remained consistent with the safety profiles noted in previous risankizumab studies. Risankizumab demonstrated clinically meaningful efficacy at week 16, with durable efficacy and a favorable long-term safety profile in Japanese patients with GPP or EP.
Оцінка ступеня мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини у ділянці перелому в постраждалих різного психосоматичного типу особистості по ортопантомограмі
Authors: Нагірний Я. П. , Гутор Н. С. , Стефанів І. В. , Твердохліб Н. О.
Published: March 2023

Резюме. Розпрацьовано спосіб оцінки ступеня мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини нижньої щелепи у ділянці перелому по ортопантомограмах за допомогою програми Photoshop CC 2014. Встановлено різний ступінь і темпи її мінералізації в осіб різного психосоматичного типу особистості.

Мета дослідження – розробити спосіб оцінки ступеня мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини у ділянці перелому по ортопантомограмах за допомогою програми Photoshop CC 2014 та дослідити в осіб різного психосоматичного типу особистості темпи мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини у ділянці перелому в різні терміни загоєння кісткової рани.

Матеріали і методи. Для дослідження відібрано 26 постраждалих віком від 18 до 23 років із травматичними відкритими односторонніми переломами нижньої щелепи в ділянці кута. Лікування проводили шляхом внутрішньоротового остеосинтезу з видаленням зуба із лінії перелому. За методикою Айзенка постраждалих поділили на дві групи – екстравертів та інтровертів.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Результати досліджень свідчать, що щільність здорової ділянки нижньої щелепи у ділянці кута в пікселях варіює в межах 125–187 одиниць та відрізняється в осіб із різними психосоматичними типами. При дослідження швидкості мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини у ділянці перелому в екстравертів та інтровертів відмічено факт сповільнення відновлення кісткової тканини в ділянці перелому. Повної мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини на 28-й день після операції не відбувається в обох порівнюваних групах. Однак темпи мінералізації в осіб-екстравертів у відсотках, порівняно зі здоровим боком, були вищими, ніж в осіб-інтровертів.

Висновки. Оцінка ступеня мінералізації новоствореної кісткової тканини в ділянці перелому по ортопантомограмах за допомогою програми Photoshop CC 2014 є достатньо інформативним методом дослідження, що дало змогу встановити, що рівень мінералізації здорової кісткової тканини нижньої щелепи, а також новоствореної кісткової тканини в ділянці перелому нижньої щелепи після проведення оперативного втручання, є вищим у осіб-екстравертів.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ОСВІТНІХ МЕДСЕСТРИНСЬКИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПОКРАЩЕННІ ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ ПАЦІЄНТІВ ГАСТРОЕНТЕРОЛОГІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ
Authors: Афонасова Т. М. , Прокопчук О. В. , Даньчак С. В. , Господарський І. Я. , Гаврилюк Н. М.
Published: March 2023

У статті висвітлено можливості покращення організації надання профілактичної допомоги пацієнтам шляхом упровадження навчальних програм, спрямованих на профілактику розвитку ускладнень, підвищення якості життя пацієнтів.
Sickle cell thalassemia in an adult from central india showing massive splenic infarction and gamna-gandy bodies in splenic parenchyma with concomitant plasmodium Falciparum infection (case report)
Authors: Sachin Singh Thongam , Singh Raj , Pandey Rahul
Published: March 2023

Background. Sickle cell thalassemia is a heterozygous state of HbS/β+ or HbS/β0 manifested clinically either as an asymptomatic carrier or have features akin to sickle cell anemia. Objective. The aim of the study is to review the literature and discuss the varied clinical manifestations and diagnosis of a case report of haemoglobinopathy in an adult from Central India. Methods. A case of haemoglobinopathy from central part of India is being investigated. Results. A case of haemoglobinopathy in an adult presenting to a tertiary hospital with chronic back ache was reported. The patient was found to have massive splenomegaly with evidence of splenic infarction. Gross examination of spleen revealed multiple soft yellowish pasty areas, which on microscopic examination showed significant necrosis with presence of great amount pale amorphous yellow substance, Gamna-Gandy bodies (GGBs) and massive foreign body cell reaction in splenic parenchyma. Post-splenectomy peripheral blood smear (PBS) showed thrombocytosis and plasmodium falciparum gametocytes. The Hb electrophoresis revealed both elevation of Hb S (49.7%), Hb F (46.7%); Hb A2 (3.0%) and (Hb A 0.7%) consistent with as Sickle Cell Thalassemia Hb S/β+ Thalassemia. Conclusion. Sickle cell thalassemia with long standing huge splenomegaly, splenic infarction with GGBs deposition and concomitant falciparum malaria in clinically stable patient is rare indeed
РОЗВИТОК ОКСИДАТИВНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У СЕРЦІ ЩУРІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ РОЗВИТКУ ІММОБІЛІЗАЦІЙНОГО СТРЕСУ
Authors: Денефіль О. В. , Ярошенко Т. Я.
Published: March 2023

Вступ. В останні місяці, у зв’язку з війною на території України, значно зросла кількість людей, які тривалий час перебували в малорухомому положенні й у стресовому стані. Провідною ланкою виникнення будь-якої патології залишається розвиток оксидативного стресу, що впливає на появу порушень серцево-судинної системи.

Мета дослідження – оцінити розвиток оксидативного стресу в гомогенаті серця щурів при розвитку іммобілізаційного стресу.

Методи дослідження. Досліди виконано на 60 безпородних щурах-самцях масою 180–210 г. Тварин поділили на 5 груп: контроль, стрес 1 добу, стрес 2 доби, стрес 3 доби, стрес 4 доби. Стрес моделювали шляхом одногодинної іммобілізації щурів спинкою донизу. Дослідження тварин у кожній групі проводили в контролі, через 1 добу після останньої іммобілізації. Під тіопентал-натрієвим наркозом здійснювали забір серця, в гомогенаті якого визначали вміст дієнових кон’югатів, ТБК-активних продуктів, супероксиддисмутазну і каталазну активність.

Результати й обговорення. У щурів-самців через 1 добу після одноразового епізоду стресу, порівняно з контролем, відмічено підвищення концентрації дієнових кон’югатів на 41,4 % (p<0,001), ТБК-активних продуктів – на 21,1 % (p<0,01), зростання супероксиддисмутазної активності на 38,5 % (p<0,001), каталазної – на 68,5 % (p<0,001). Збільшення вмісту дієнових кон’югатів і ТБК-активних продуктів спос­терігали через 2 і 3 доби стресу, але показники знижувалися після 4 іммобілізацій. Зростання супероксиддисмутазної і каталазної активності відзначено через 2 доби стресу, але показники зменшувалися через 3 доби, збільшувалися через 4 доби порівняно з попереднім терміном.

Висновки. Розвиток оксидативного стресу в серці щурів при іммобілізаійному стресі залежить від кількості стресових епізодів. При триразових одногодинних іммобілізаціях у щурів-самців розвивається дистрес, при одно- і дворазових – еустрес.
РОЗВИТОК ОКСИДАТИВНОГО СТРЕСУ ПРИ АДРЕНАЛІНОВОМУ УШКОДЖЕННІ СЕРЦЯ В ЩУРІВ-САМЦІВ, ЯКІ ЗАЗНАЛИ КАСТРАЦІЇ І ГІПОДИНАМІЇ
Authors: Друзюк Р. Б. , Денефіль О. В.
Published: March 2023

Вступ. В останні місяці, у зв’язку з війною в Україні, зросла кількість людей, які тривалий час займають малорухоме положення та перебувають у стані стресу. Провідною ланкою виникнення будь-якої патології є розвиток оксидативного стресу, що впливає на появу порушень серцево-судинної системи.

Мета дослідження – оцінити вплив кастрації і гіподинамії на розвиток окиснювальних процесів у щурів при адреналіновому ушкодженні серця (АУС).

Методи дослідження. Досліди виконано на 120 безпородних білих щурах-самцях лінії Вістар. Усіх тварин поділили на 2 серії: 1-ша – контроль; 2-га – кастрація і стрес. Кастрацію здійснювали під тіопентал-натрієвим знеболюванням за методом Я. Д. Кіршенблата. Гіподинамічний стрес викликали з 1,5- до 3-місячного віку шляхом утримування в клітках з обмеженням життєвого простору вдвічі протягом 1,5 місяця. Для відтворення АУС щурам вводили одноразово внутрішньочеревно 0,18 % розчин адреналіну гідротартрату з розрахунку 0,5 мг/кг маси (Фармацевтична фірма “Дарниця”, Україна). Дослідження ­тварин у кожній групі виконували в контролі, через 1, 3, 7, 14 і 28 діб. Під тіопентал-натрієвим наркозом проводили забір крові, в якій визначали вміст дієнових і трієнових кон’югатів (ДК, ТК), основ Шиффа (ОШ), ТБК-активних продуктів (ТБК-ап), церулоплазміну (ЦП), супероксиддисмутазну (СОД) і каталазну активність.

Результати й обговорення. У тварин, які зазнали кастрації і стресу, відмічено менші значення ДК, ТК, ОШ, ЦП та СОД активності, але більші – ТБК-ап і каталазної активності. У щурів 1-ї серії при розвитку АУС спостерігали більше зростання рівня ДК, ТК, ТБК-ап до 14-ї доби, а вміст ОШ знижувався через 7 діб з найбільшим підвищенням рівня антиоксидантів через 7–14 діб. У тварин 2-ї серії максимальні значення ДК і ТК відзначено через 14 діб, ТБК-ап – через 1 добу, ОШ – через 7 діб з найбільшим зростанням СОД активності через 14 діб, а каталазної активності й вмісту ЦП – через 1 добу.

Висновки. Поєднання кастрації і стресу в щурів-самців спричиняє зменшення вмісту продуктів ­пероксидного окиснення ліпідів, супероксиддисмутазної і каталазної активності та рівня церулоплазміну. Розвиток АУС викликає підвищення вмісту продуктів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів, більш виражено – у тварин контрольної серії. Антиоксидантна активність зростає максимально через 14 діб у щурів конт­рольної серії, через 1 добу – у тварин, які зазнали кастрації і стресу.
РОЛЬ НІТРОГЕН (ІІ) ОКСИДУ В МЕХАНІЗМАХ РОЗВИТКУ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ГЕПАТОПУЛЬМОНАЛЬНОГО СИНДРОМУ
Authors: Криницька І. Я. , Грицишин Л. Є. , Усинський Р. С. , Марущак М. І. , Ярошенко Т. Я.
Published: March 2023

Вступ. Цироз печінки часто супроводжується ускладненнями з боку легеневої системи, що значно зменшує тривалість життя таких пацієнтів. До легеневих ускладнень цирозу печінки належать гідроторакс, портопульмональна гіпертензія та гепатопульмональний синдром (ГПС), поширеність якого варіює від 5 до 30 %. Нітроген (ІІ) оксид (NO) бере участь у більшості метаболічних процесів, що відбуваються в печінці. Незважаючи на велику кількість досліджень, на сьогодні немає чітких уявлень про вплив NO і його метаболітів на біохімічні механізми розвитку ГПС.

Мета дослідження – вивчити зміни вмісту метаболітів нітроген (ІІ) оксиду в сироватці крові й бронхоальвеолярному змиві щурів із змодельованим гепатопульмональним синдромом та обґрунтувати роль NO в механізмах ураження легень за умови експериментального ГПС.

Методи дослідження. Експерименти проведено на 56 безпородних щурах-самцях масою 180–220 г. Першу дослідну модель ГПС було створено шляхом накладання подвійної лігатури на загальну жовчовивідну протоку і подальшого її пересічення скальпелем, другу – шляхом восьмитижневого внутрішньошлункового введення олійного розчину тетрахлорметану. Дослідженню підлягали сироватка крові та бронхоальвеолярний змив. Кількісну оцінку вмісту метаболітів NO проводили за визначенням їх суми, яка включала нітрит-іони, що попередньо були наявні у пробі (NO2–), та відновлені до нітритів нітрат-іони (NO3–).

Результати й обговорення. Сумарний вміст метаболітів NO у сироватці крові щурів на 31-шу добу після перев’язування загальної жовчовивідної протоки вірогідно зростав у 3,9 раза (p1<0,001) порівняно з 1-ю контрольною групою. У тварин із тетрахлорметаніндукованим цирозом він збільшувався в 3,1 раза (p1<0,001). Зміни продукування NO відбувались однонаправлено в бік поглиблення оксидативного стресу як у сироватці крові, так і в бронхоальвеолярному змиві.

Висновки. При моделюванні гепатопульмонального синдрому відбувається активація нітроксидергічних процесів за рахунок вірогідного збільшення вмісту метаболітів нітроген (ІІ) оксиду в сироватці крові та бронхоальвеолярному змиві. При зіставленні абсолютних величин вмісту метаболітів нітроген (ІІ) оксиду в сироватці крові та бронхоальвеолярному змиві виявлено синхронний розвиток нітроксидергічних процесів на системному і місцевому рівнях з переважанням синтезу нітроген (ІІ) оксиду в легенях.
Conhecimento de vereadores acerca do uso do álcool e repercussões sobre a saúde dos usuários
Authors: Matos Fernandes Castelo-Branco Fernanda , Castelo Branco Neto Tancredo , Rodrigues Trindade Fabio , Pires Ribeiro Ivonizete , Ibiapina Tapety Fabricio , Alencar de Oliveira Rauirys
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: descrever o conhecimento dos vereadores acerca do uso do álcool e as repercussões sobre a saúde dos usuários. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido na Câmara de Vereadores de um município no extremo norte brasileiro, na região Amazônica. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado, processados no software IRaMuTeQ e analisados na nuvem de palavra, mediante a análise de similitude e a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, por meio do dendrograma. Resultados: a palavra destaque foi “não”, demonstrando uma desaprovação, por parte dos legisladores, acerca do uso de álcool pela população e as repercussões negativas na saúde dos usuários, bem como uma limitação de conhecimento científico e técnico acerca da temática, expondo, na maioria, ideias que são apenas de senso comum e de maneira generalizada. Conclusão: aponta a necessidade de criação de um núcleo de capacitação parlamentar a fim implementar políticas eficazes à população usuária de álcool.
Audio–Visual Fission Illusion and Individual Alpha Frequency: Perspective on Buergers and Noppeney (2022)
Authors: Noguchi Yasuki
Published: March 2023

Integrating visual and auditory information is an important ability in various cognitive processes, although its neural mechanisms remain unclear. Several studies indicated a close relationship between one's temporal binding window (TBW) for audio–visual interaction and their alpha rhythm in the brain (individual alpha frequency or IAF). A recent study by Buergers and Noppeney [Buergers, S., & Noppeney, U. The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732–742, 2022], however, challenged this view using a new approach to analyze behavioral data. Conforming to the same procedures by Buergers and Noppeney, here, I analyzed the data of my previous study and examined a relationship between TBW and IAF. In contrast to Buergers and Noppeney, a significant correlation was found between occipital IAF and a new behavioral measure of TBW. Some possibilities that caused these opposing results, such as a variability of “alpha band” across studies and a large inter-individual difference in magnitude of the fission illusion, are discussed.
A systematic revision of the South African Gymnobisiidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisioidea)
Authors: NEETHLING J.A. , NEETHLING C.
Published: March 2023

The South African fauna of Gymnobisiidae pseudoscorpions is revised. Originally containing only three species in a single genus (Gymnobisium Beier, 1931), results of this study show that there are eight distinct species of the genus within South Africa, five of which are new to science, namely G. capense sp. nov., G. cuneatum sp. nov., G. hogsbackense sp. nov., G. megalodontum sp. nov. and G. prionotogladiatum sp. nov. Three of these, namely G. cuneatum sp. nov., G. hogsbackense sp. nov., and G. inukshuk Harvey and Giribet, 2016 (which is a rare troglobite), are short-range endemics and threatened by habitat loss. Most of the other species, with the exception of G. quadrispinosum (Tullgren, 1907), have small distribution ranges. They are predominantly found inhabiting moist leaf litter of indigenous forests along the coastal provinces, indicating either a low dispersal ability or high niche specificity in these pseudoscorpions. The lack of dense, shaded vegetation between isolated forest patches seems to act as a dispersal barrier for many of the species.
Curcumin-Loaded Nanofibrous Membranes for Treating Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Chunhui , Du Xiaoxin , Bai Shasha
Published: March 2023

In the current study, an anticancer nanofibrous membrane was developed for treating endometrial carcinoma. Drug delivery system was produced by incorporation of curcumin into the matrix of electrospun collagen/polycaprolacton scaffolds. Various in vitro experiments were used
for characterization of the scaffolds. The produced yarns reduced the viability and migration activity of HEC-1A cells and release the loaded drug in a sustained manner. Furthermore, gene expression studies showed that the anticancer function of the developed delivery system may have been
mediated via ERK/c-JUNE signalling pathway. This in vitro experiment suggests potential application of these scaffolds for treating endometrial carcinoma in animal models.
Theranostic Applications of Functional Nanomaterials in Targeting Glioma: A Review of Current Practices and Future Perspectives
Authors: Liu Hua , Sun Zezhi , Wu Wenxi , Xu Min
Published: March 2023

The theranostic applications of nanoparticles are referred to their potential for diagnosis and treatment of a disease simultaneously. In the management of cancer, theranostic nanoparticles exhibit a promising potential and thus making them attractive for research. Recent nanotechnology platform provides new methods and formulations that involve the fabrication of contrast agents and pharmaceutically active molecules within a nanocarrier that in turn helps in monitoring the accumulation of therapeutic cargoes at the target site. In real-time, the detection of contrast agents is made possible via noninvasive imaging techniques such as positron emission, computed and ultrasound tomography. In addition, the therapeutic agent and imaging substances’ efficacy could be enhanced by the surface modification of nanocarriers which ultimately helps in improving the overall treatment. Furthermore, the theranostic modalities of these nanomaterials could be improved by making them multifunctional through modifications such as the attachment of quantum dots, fluorophores, peptides, etc. Similarly, another approach involved in the design of such nanosystems is based on the ability of the delivery system to release its payloads on the contact with tumor microenvironment leading to a sustained release of targeted drugs thus offering reduced toxicity. In the arena of personalized functionalized nanomedicines, theranostic applications of nanocarriers for cancer will offer novel clinical tools via combination of diagnosis and treatment from a single platform.