bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dinâmica da transformação urbana e sócioeconômica nas proximidades da construção do primeiro shopping de Boa Vista/RR
Authors: Oliveira Kelson Da Luz
Published: February 2024

O espaço urbano de Boa Vista apresenta características de uma cidade de médio porte da Amazônia Setentrional, com modificações tímidas frente às grandes evoluções das cidades brasileiras do sul e sudeste do país. Esse cenário vem se transformando consideravelmente nos últimos anos, com a construção de grandes empreendimentos comerciais. Símbolo do capitalismo comercial na atualidade, os shoppings despontam como espaços artificiais de compras e entretenimento da vida moderna. A construção do primeiro shopping de Boa Vista, nos padrões da Associação Brasileira de Shopping Centers (ABRASCE), marca uma fase de profunda evolução no espaço e na vida dos moradores locais. O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as transformações urbanas nas proximidades da construção do primeiro shopping de Boa Vista e os impactos na população local. A metodologia aplicada no estudo corresponde a pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, além de pesquisa com moradores das proximidades da construção do shopping. Na interpretação dos dados da pesquisa, percebem-se transformações ainda tímidas no ambiente, espaço este que apresenta um grande potencial frente à dinâmica que se propaga futuramente. Aos moradores locais a expectativa é de progresso estrutural do bairro, com valorização de imóveis, possibilidades de emprego, mas também, soma-se a este momento a preocupação com o aumento da violência, do tráfego, poluição sonora, atmosférico, visual e degradação ambiental.
Processo de requalificação urbana da área central de Boa Vista-RR: uma cidade da Amazônia Setentrional
Authors: Filho Artur Rosa
Published: February 2024

As cidades brasileiras estão passando por grandes mudanças na paisagem e na dinâmica socioespacial, o que leva a uma discussão sobre questões urbanas, bem como no planejamento urbano e na organização do espaço. O processo de requalificação, reestruturação ou renovação acaba por criar novas formas de estruturas preexistentes, tornando esse espaço renovado ou requalificado, e é um desafio tanto para os geógrafos e arquitetos quanto para os planejadores urbanos. Entender o processo de requalificação da área central de Boa Vista, a sua relação com a transformação e alteração da paisagem urbana e o impacto dessa alteração na população é o principal objetivo dessa investigação. Em Boa Vista, Roraima, essas alterações na paisagem têm como proposta a requalificação da área central, destacando como consequência a segregação socioespacial. Existe uma relação topofílica entre os moradores do Beiral e o Rio Branco. Próximos às suas margens, alguns moradores ainda resistem ao avanço das atuais práticas modernas de produção, pois usam o espaço ainda como mercadoria, e reproduz o modo de vida dos chamados povos ribeirinhos. O espaço foi alterado e modificado provocando conflitos socioespaciais pela permanência e apropriação do espaço. Embora, Boa Vista seja uma cidade da Amazônia Setentrional, aqui, segue-se a mesma lógica das grandes cidades, como São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, no tocante à requalificação da área central: o aumento da reprodução do capital e o aprofundamento das desigualdades socioespaciais.
MicroRNA-mediated gene regulation and the resilience of multicellular animals
Authors: Ambros Victor
Published: February 2024

MicroRNAs are small RNAs that enable parts of the genome to regulate the other parts of the genome by RNA::RNA complementarity. Genes that encode microRNAs function as trans-acting regulators of hundreds of other genes, primarily by inhibiting the production of protein from mRNAs to which the microRNAs can bind by base pairing. MicroRNAs and their Argonaute partner proteins constitute a regulatory complex (the miRISC) that exhibits astonishing regulatory versatility. microRNAs have been shown to perform diverse roles in genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) – to control developmental switches, to dampen gene expression noise, to coordinate multigene functional modules, and more broadly, to confer robustness and resilience to developmental and homeostatic processes. Genetic analysis reveals that the function of particular microRNAs can be conditional, such that the microRNA is required under particular environmental or physiological conditions, but relatively dispensable under other conditions. The diversity and versatility of microRNA function in animal systems reflects the many ways that miRISC can be regulated by cellular signaling pathways, and the structure-function interplay among microRNA, target, and Argonaute.
The problem of dictionary interpretation of the names of natural objects in the context of data from an associative experiment
Authors: Zhuikova Marharyta
Published: February 2024

Background. Difficulties in constructing dictionary definitions for nouns — nominations of natural objects — are caused by the fact that in the process of learning about such realities, people discover many different aspects of them. Among them, it is difficult to single out those that could be considered the most essential or integral. Because of this, the definitions of the same language unit in different dictionaries differ significantly in terms of the number and content of differential features.Contribution to the research field. The authors have the idea of identifying correlations between the results of associative experiments and the content of the definitions of natural objects, which are given in explanatory dictionaries of various languages.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to show to what extent data on a certain natural object, obtained directly from the native speaker of linguistic and cultural consciousness during associative experiments, correlate with definitions in general (non-terminological) dictionaries.Methods. A free associative experiment with further analysis of its results, a component analysis of definitions from explanatory dictionaries, as well as procedures for comparing the data of the experiment and the results of the component analysis were applied.Results. The authors came to the conclusion that in the minds of speakers of the Ukrainian language, the concept of a comet is represented as a complex combination of minimal scientific knowledge and ideas, which are transmitted in society mainly orally as elements of traditional folk culture. The analysis of 14 definitions, which were selected from dictionaries of Bulgarian, English, Polish, Russian and Ukrainian languages, showed that lexicographers prioritise scientific knowledge about the comet, ignoring the pragmatic meanings that speakers associate with this celestial body.Discussion. The authors of the study believe that a direct appeal to the consciousness of the speakers by means of an associative experiment can give lexicographers information about the current ideas of the speakers about certain realities. The experiment allows identifying those conceptual features that have the status of being relevant.
Risk factors for progression of chronic tonsillitis
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. , Mironov V. G. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Kim A. S. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia, Sinel’nikova A. G. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia, Bannikov S. A. ,   Regional Advisory and Diagnostic Centre, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia, Sinel’nikov R. I. ,   Regional Advisory and Diagnostic Centre, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia, Bachurina O. I. ,   Rostov Regional Clinical Hospital, Rostov-on-Don, 344015, Russia
Published: February 2024

Chronic tonsillitis is considered one of the most common nosologies in the structure of ENT diseases. According to WHO, chronic tonsillitis appears to be a general medical issue, which is of particular interest to both otorhinolaryngologists and infectious disease specialists, therapists, rheumatologists, and pediatricians. Patients and methods. 100 patients with chronic tonsillitis of the toxic-allergic form who were hospitalized were studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first (comparison, n = 50), with a mild form of chronic tonsillitis; the second (main, n = 50), with a severe form. Treatment is conservative. The research methods included a complex of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examinations. The results showed that in children suffering from chronic tonsillitis of the toxic-allergic form significant changes occur in the homeostasis system, in the pathogenesis of which endogenous intoxication, abnormalities of the immune system, hepatic depression, and blood coagulation disorders play an important role. The latter are the main triggers of the disease leading to worsening of the disease. It was revealed that all these changes are associated with the form of the disease. In patients with a severe form of the disease, these changes were significantly greater than in patients with a mild form. Conclusions. It was shown that the influence of standard therapy used for chronic tonsillitis of the toxic-allergic form turned out to be therapeutically effective in mild forms, and ineffective in severe ones. Therefore, it is necessary to find additional measures to increase the overall effectiveness of treatment for severe chronic tonsillitis.
Evaluating effectiveness of prescribing regenerative therapy in patients with acute rhinosinusitis
Authors:   Saint Luke Lugansk State Medical University, Lugansk, 291045, Russia, Berest I. E.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. In patients with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS), under the influence of external and internal factors, the final proliferative stage of inflammation is often disrupted, which necessitates the administration of drugs that regulate reparative regeneration at the site of alteration. Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of local administration of reparative drugs for inflammation of the mucous membrane (MM) in patients with ARS. Materials and methods. The study was conducted with the participation of 138 patients with ARS (age 19–50 years), who were divided into 4 groups. Group No. 1 (n = 34) received standard anti-inflammatory treatment; in the comparison groups, additional local reparative drugs were prescribed: in group No. 2 (n = 36), sodium deoxyribonucleate solution; in group No. 3 (n = 34), dexpanthenol; in group No. 4 (n = 34), sodium hyaluronate. To assess the severity of disturbances in the regeneration of the ciliated epithelium of the nose, the regeneration index was assessed based on an analysis of the state of the inflammatory reaction of the mucus, mucociliary transport time (MCT), and disturbances in the crystallization of the solid phase of the nasal secretion (NS) obtained by the method of wedge-shaped dehydration. Patients were monitored upon presentation, on days 5, 10, 21, 30, 42, and 60. Results. In group No. 2, already on the 5th day, there was a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in purulent discharge in the nasal cavity in comparison with other groups; on the 10th day, patients with a mild degree of severity of the inflammatory reaction of the mucous membrane predominated in this group. Pronounced positive dynamics in the structure of the solid phase of the NS and a statistically significant improvement in MCT in the groups taking reparative drugs were noted already from the 21st day of observation. Even by the 60th day in group No. 1, 25 (73.5%) patients had a mild degree of regeneration impairment, which was significantly higher than in the comparison groups. Conclusions. When using reparative drugs in patients with ARS, there was a significantly faster improvement in MCT, normalization of the solid phase of the NS, and a decrease in the proportion of people with identified disorders of reparative regeneration.
Clay peptization and clay swelling inhibition in the presence of carbonic acid, bicarbonate and carbonate ions and calcium ions
Authors: Baranov Dmitriy A. , Vyaznikovtsev Sergey F. , Mamaeva Oksana G.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The need to ensure the integrity of the wellbore, composed of clay rocks, and the stability of drilling fluid when drilling in conditions of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate aggression. Aim. To determine experimentally the effect of carbonic acid, bicarbonate and carbonate ions on clay depending on the presence of calcium ions in the dispersion medium. Objects. Water contaminated with carbonic acid, bicarbonate and carbonate ions with different equivalent concentrations of calcium ions. Methods. Inhibitory and peptizing properties of the objects of study in relation to the clay rock were studied by the method of clay swelling when it was in the water under study (on the Zhigacha-Yarov device); methods of chemical analysis (complexometric and acid-base titration) and potentiometry were used to control water composition and properties. Results. The peptizing and inhibiting properties of drilling fluid depend significantly on the form of carbonic acid present in the dispersion medium and the equivalent content of calcium ions (Ca2+). It was found that carbonic acid (H2CO3) contributes to clay inhibition (coagulation), bicarbonate ions (HCO3–) and carbonate ions (CO32–) – clay peptization. Calcium ions (Ca2+) do not have an inhibitory effect in the presence of carbonic acid (H2CO3) – hydrogen ions (H+) displace exchangeable cations from the interlayer space of clays and, due to their small diameter, independently inhibit clay swelling. In the presence of bicarbonate ions (HCO3–), calcium ions (Ca2+) also do not have an inhibitory effect – bicarbonate ions (HCO3–), being in a dispersion medium, draw calcium ions (Ca2+) from the clay surface, increasing the thickness of the electrical double layer. In the presence of carbonate ions (CO32–) the calcium ions (Ca2+) precipitate and effectively prevent clay peptization only in the presence of hydroxide ions (OH–). The authors proved experimentally that calcium ions (Ca2+) in the presence of hydroxide ions (OH–) have a better inhibitory ability than hydrogen ions (H+) of dissociated carbonic acid (H2CO3). A mechanism was proposed for inhibiting the swelling of clays by calcium ions (Ca2+) in the presence of hydroxide ions (OH-), based on the adsorption of the hydrated calcium ion (Ca2+) on a silica tetrahedral sheet due to the preliminary protonation of its oxygen atoms by water molecules. The conditions required for clay effective peptization are formulated: [CO32–]≥0; [OH–]>0, [Ca2+]=0, pH>11.5; for clay swelling inhibition: [CO32–]=0; [OH–]>0, [Ca2+]>0 and pH>11.5.
Possibility of reclamation of ash dumps
Authors: Khudyakova Liudmila I. , Garkusheva Natalia M. , Kotova Irina Yu. , Paleev Pavel L.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The need to dispose ash and slag waste from CHPP-1 and CHPP-2 in Ulan-Ude, which have a negative impact on the environment. A promising way to eliminate environmental damage is the biological reclamation of ash dumps. Its result is manifested in greening dumps and reducing ash deflation. Aim. To study ash and slag wastes from thermal power plants in Ulan-Ude and establish the possibility of reclamation of ash dumps to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Objects. Ash and slag wastes from the ash dumps of CHPP-1 (ASW-1) and CHPP-2 (ASW-2) in Ulan-Ude. Methods. Chemical, X-ray phase, granulometric, microscopic methods of analysis. Results. The authors have determined chemical, mineralogical and grain compositions of ash and slag wastes from thermal power plants. It was established that they have a high content of silicon, aluminum and a low content of calcium and magnesium. Ash and slag contain vitreous, crystalline and organic components. In the waste, to a greater extent, there is a crystalline phase containing silica, mullite, hematite, magnetite and, to a lesser extent, a glass phase, represented mainly by minerals of the orthoclase group. In terms of granulometric composition, the waste from CHPP-1 is dominated by a finer fraction compared to CHPP-2. Laboratory studies of soil mixtures based on ash and slag waste and local ameliorants (sewage sludge, lignin and chicken manure) were carried out. The optimal ratio of soil components was determined, equal to 4:1:1:1. A beneficial effect of sewage sludge was revealed, as well as a negative effect of high doses of bird droppings on growth and development of plants. Pure ash and slag from CHPP-1 and CHPP-2 without introduction of ameliorants can act as an independent substrate for perennial grasses.
Improvement of the methods for determining ore losses when designing cement raw material deposit mining by surface miner combines
Authors: Fomin Sergey I. , Ljeljen Aleksa
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The need to optimize production of cement raw materials and reduce the cost of processing raw materials. A surface miner combine allow high selective mining of a deposit, which helps to reduce moisture content of cement raw materials and reduce energy costs in a cement plant. In open-cast mining of cement raw materials deposits with the use of the surface miner combines, the increase in economic efficiency of mining operations can be achieved by determining the rational values of ore losses and dilution. Aim. To determine rational level of cement raw material losses during field development by surface miners. Objects. Cement industry quarries excavated with of the surface miner combines. Methods. Technical and economic analysis of the cement plant Beočin (Serbia), summation and synthesis of materials, sources and data available in the public domain, as well as calculations to determine the amount of loss and dilution of mineral resources at ore–rock contact for mining conditions of the quarry for extracting cement raw materials. Results. The main problems that arise during mining quarries for extracting cement raw materials have been identified. It concerns the determination of the volume of losses and dilution of mineral resources at the ore–rock contact for mining conditions of the quarry for extraction of cement raw materials. The authors present and substantiate conclusions about further effective application of optimal mining technology, with the use of the surface miner combines, which allows reducing the cost of production of minerals and specific operating costs of transporting carbonate rocks compared to the traditional technology of mining works at 50–60%.
Basin-analogy for calculating spring flood volumes at insufficiency of meteorological data (Tuba river as a case study)
Authors: Galakhov Vladimir P. , Samoilova Svetlana Yu. , Lovtskaya Olga V. , Mardasova Elena V.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The necessity in provision of insufficient data on streamflow formation factors when predicting floods in the poorly explored and unstudied basins. For this purpose, in hydrological calculations and forecasts the method of hydrological analogy is applicable. Aim. To study probable application of the hydrological analogy method in calculations of spring flood volumes of a mountain river. The analysis was carried out by the example of the basins of the Tuba river and its tributaries (rivers Amyl, Kazyr and Kizir), as well as neighboring catchments (rivers Abakan and Syda). Methods. Integrated geographical-hydrometeorological analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and the hydrological analogy method. Results. We calculated total winter precipitation in the Amyl basin by means of (traditionally used in hydrology) elevation dependences, estimated average annual precipitation in the Tuba basin using modern glaciation data, and built a stochastic predictive model of flood runoff volume on the Amyl river (settl. Kachulka) based on the relationship between precipitation for the previous winter and flood periods. The influence of liquid (flood) precipitation on the forecast quality was analyzed. A comparative analysis of other Tuba tributaries (Kazyr, Kizir), including neighboring basins (rivers Abakan and Syda) in terms of their application as basins-analogies was performed. For instance, a feasible use of the Amyl basin as an analogy for forecasting flood runoff depth of the Tuba river (vill. Bugurtak) was analyzed. Conclusions. The correlation analysis of flood volumes of the Tuba, its main tributaries and neighboring rivers suggests that as an analogy the application of basins with similar conditions for precipitation formation (slope orientation relative to the direction of the prevailing moisture-bearing air masses) and average catchment elevation is currently favored. The Amyl basin use as the Tuba analogy is expedient for a medium-term forecast of melt runoff volumes (excluding liquid (flood) precipitation).
Characteristics of water supply network zoning
Authors: Sahakyan Aram A.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The original studies of water supply network and network exploitation data, as well as international experience, applied in similar conditions, and the data of existing literature, data of works on water supply zoning, which were carried out in the networks of various settlements in the Republic of Armenia, have been improved and are now being implemented effectively through the clear procedure developed by us. In our case, zoning is carried out under the conditions of the existing system, therefore the methods developed during design and reconstruction work consider the features of the existing system.Aim. To develop a technique to enhance the efficiency of water supply systems by implementing network zoning. It involves transforming the network into hydraulically separated zones isolated from each other. Within each zone, water supply can be regulated based on consumption requirements. Objects. The article discusses issues related to design and reconstruction procedures of existing water supply network zones. It defines the priority of zoning implementation for the current stage and proposes a method for assessing the permissible level of losses, taking into account the technical condition of the water supply network. Methods. The calculations for this study were performed using well-known hydraulic principles and laws. Experimental studies were conducted directly on the water supply network under production conditions. Results. The actual implementation of these measures in various urban locations revealed that reduction in water usage in a service zone was only 8–10%. However, analysis of the functioning of the reconstructed zones led to the conclusion that the already constructed zones now offer suitable conditions for productive work on leak detection and elimination. In the given example, during the operation of the study zone, 4300 m (about 25%) of the existing 17400 m pipelines in the reconstruction zone were decommissioned, along with 13 of 22 pumping stations. Over two years of work, the cost of electricity at the existing yard pumping stations was reduced by more than six times, the total cost of electricity in the zone was reduced by more than twelve times, and the amount of water entering the zone was reduced by 44% as a result of the water supply system reconstruction presented in the example.
Comparative estimation of a random error component of automatic well level gauges based on processing measurements of earth-tidal level of groundwater
Authors: Zavedy Taras Yu. , Adonin Nikita R. , Kokorev Oleg N. , Shchipkov Alexander A.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. Introduction of autonomous digital level gauges allows significantly expanding the range of tasks solved in various fields of geology and ecology, by increasing the frequency of measurements and applying mathematical processing methods to avoid distortions of different nature. The expansion of the field of application of downhole level meters makes it a topical issue to choose a particular type of device to ensure the required measurement accuracy. Aim. To consider the approaches to comparative estimation of random error of several types of automatic level gauges based on their recording of earth-tidal variations of groundwater level. Methods. Methods of compensating the influence of variations in atmospheric pressure on groundwater levels; methods of calculating tidal level variations; methods of correlation and frequency analysis of the calculated and experimental data. Results. The authors have carried out a comparative assessment of the accuracy in readings of several digital level gauges, installed in one well, by comparing the measured values of earth-tidal variations of the groundwater level with the calculated ones. Based on the experimental data, tidal variations of the groundwater level were obtained by eliminating distortions from variations in atmospheric pressure and then filtering with the moving mean. From correlation and amplitude-frequency analysis of the calculated and experimental data, indicators were determined for making a comparative assessment of a random component of the error of the tested level gauges. Conclusions. The approach suggested allows choosing independent digital level gauges with a minimum random error component using the totality of calculated parameters. The most promising way to eliminate the distorting effects of tidal variation of groundwater level is the method based on the cutter frequency filtering of the level signal measured by the level gauge.
Adjustment of a reservoir model by the material balance method in the petroleum experts MBAL program. Setting up the integrated model in GAP
Authors: Korotkov Roman N. , Ovcharenko Diana M. , Erofeev Vladimir I.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. Modern approach to development of oil and gas fields. Digitalization and automation of hydrocarbon production allow not only to reducing the response time to possible deviations from the operating level of production, but also quickly making decisions on its further normalization. The use of modern software to create a reservoir model using the material balance method allows you to calculate current and predicted reservoir pressures depending on the amount of selected and injected fluid. With high-quality adaptation, the integration of the reservoir model, wells and collection system, in its turn, allows you to correctly approach the choice of a field development system, as well as correctly assess the possible potential of the field. Forecast calculations performed on an integrated model can form the basis for budget planning, as well as the basis for carrying out geological and technical activities on wells, commissioning new wells, and modernizing equipment and infrastructure. Moreover, group optimization calculation allows us to maximize additional oil production, taking into account all geological and technical constraints. Aim. Formation and analysis of an approach to setting up a reservoir model by adapting parameters using the material balance method; formation of a solution for adapting the integrated model, reconciliation of the results with actual data; carrying out an optimization calculation and obtaining additional oil production. Methods. Adjustment and adaptation of reservoir models using the material balance method; adjustment and adaptation of the integrated model of a field/group of fields; calculation of the forecast for a period of 30/90 days; optimization calculations. Results. The obtained results make it possible to adapt the components of the integrated model with an accuracy of ±5 %, which makes it possible to simulate the operating mode of the field. As a result of the analysis, tuning criteria were identified, and the minimum required set of parameters for a qualitative adaptation of the reservoir model and the collection system was presented. The effectiveness and accuracy of the tool are also proven by comparing actual data on operating modes with synthetic ones. Based on the work done, it can be concluded that the use of the integrated model shows us a high convergence with real data, which allows us to optimally approach the field development mode. Moreover, an optimization calculation was carried out to obtain additional oil production using the proposed solution, and a forecast for oil production for a period of 90 days was calculated, which was later confirmed when compared with actual data.
Effect of preparation method of pyrolysis liquid mixed with coal on its ignition and combustion characteristics
Authors: Slyusarsky Konstantin V. , Asilbekov Askar
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The need to develop technological solutions to increase the competitiveness of pyrolysis processing of various wastes. Combustion of pyrolysis liquid in a mixture with coal is one of these solutions, which makes it possible to stabilize the properties of the obtained fuel and use in standard energy equipment. Aim. To determine the influence of the method of preparing a mixture of pyrolysis liquid and low-grade coal on its ignition and combustion characteristics, as well as on composition of the released gas-phase products, depending on the temperature of heating medium and concentration of the additive. Methods. Pyrolysis and oxidation characteristics were studied using thermogravimetric analysis, and formal kinetic constants were calculated using the Coates–Radfern method. Samples of mixed fuels were prepared by the methods of homogeneous mixing and surface wetting of pyrolysis liquid of rubber processing and low-grade coal. Ignition and combustion characteristics were determined using an experimental stand, and composition of gas-phase combustion products was determined using once-through gas analyzer. Results. The authors have determined the features of pyrolysis and oxidation of the pyrolysis liquid as well as the values of formal kinetics constants, indicating the physical nature of the factors that defining the rate of these processes. It was found that at 600 °C the ignition of the studied mixtures weakly depended on concentration of the additive, while at 700 and 800 °C the dependence was linear, and the differences between the samples prepared using different methods were insignificant. For samples obtained by the method of surface wetting, combustion of the additive occurred in the gas phase near the surface of the sample. For the samples obtained by the method of uniform mixing, it occurred predominantly in the bulk of the backfill. This led to more intense and complete coal combustion in these compositions due to more uniform releasing of heat and initiation of coal particles. The concentration curves of the NO, CO and CO2 release demonstrated, that behavior of the fuel mixture components was additive in terms of released gas-phase combustion products, as well as the absence of significant nonlinear effects over the entire studied range of temperatures and additive concentrations.
Influence of mechanical impurities composition on formation of organic deposits
Authors: Ilyushin Pavel Yu. , Vyatkin Kirill A. , Kozlov Anton V. , Andreev Daniil V.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The need to study the effect of solid particles in the oil stream on formation, composition and structure of deposits. Modern models of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, based on correlation dependencies or empirical data, do not take into account the influence of the content of solid particles in oil to the proper extent. Recent studies show that various solid particles in oil can affect both the critical velocity and the structure of the formed deposits, but the effect of various particles on the intensity of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits remains unexplored. Aim. To study the effect of various sand fractions on the intensity of formation, composition and structure of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits Methods. Modeling of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits at the laboratory installation “Cold Finger” when adding various sand fractions to oil; studying composition and structure of deposits after the conducted investigations using a microscope. Results. According to the research results, there is a significant increase in the intensity of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits when large fractions of sand are added to oil at a concentration of 5% or higher. It is worth noting that small fractions have almost no effect on the amount of deposits formed. Also, if various fractions are added to oil in equal proportions, there is almost no effect on the intensity of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits. When analyzing the deposits images from a microscope, it can be concluded that paraffin molecules, when interacting with sand particles of a dimension greater than 0.05 mm, form homols, and with an increase in the fraction, their structural strength grows. Conclusions. The study of modern models of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and current articles made it possible to understand that the issue of studying the factors of formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, in particular the effect of the presence of solid particles in oil, remains open. The results of this article can be aimed at improving existing technologies in the field of modeling paraffin formation, as well as contribute to the further work of researchers in this direction.
Improving Clinical Wait Times in a Veterans Affairs’ Urologic Setting
Authors: Owens Eyitemi , Montgomery Susan , Robles Jennifer
Published: February 2024

Background:Long clinic wait times can contribute to treatment delays and decreased patient satisfaction. Veterans are often waiting in the urology clinic for a prolonged period that delays treatments including possible surgical interventions leading to patient dissatisfaction.Purpose:The purpose of this quality improvement project was to decrease the overall procedural wait times in an outpatient urology clinic by implementing a Fast-Track procedural clinic.Methods:The Fast-Track procedural clinic was developed to expedite care for veterans actively under bladder or prostate cancer surveillance, employing lean methodology principles. We also utilized the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Outpatient and Ambulatory Surgery Survey (OAS CAHPS) tool to assess patient satisfaction with the newly implemented Fast-Track clinic. Wait times were collected and analyzed by SPSS statistical software to determine the effectiveness of a Fast-Track clinic.Results:The Fast-Track clinic was implemented to veterans presenting to the urology clinic for procedural appointments from June 2021 to December 2021. The usage of a Fast-Track clinic decreased the overall wait times from 131 to 75 minutes within 8 weeks (43% improvement). The OAS CAHPS tool found that 55% of veterans received easy-to-understand instructions pre-Fast-Track implementation, compared with 59% post-Fast-Track implementation (a 4% improvement). Furthermore, 82% of veterans reported that they did not receive written discharge instructions post-Fast-Track implementation compared with 32% pre-Fast-Track implementation.Conclusion:Incorporating a Fast-Track procedural clinic helped minimize wait times, leading to a reduction in procedural wait times and urologic surgical delays.Implications for Nursing:The implications for practice include future studies focusing on other strategies for improving clinic wait times including block schedules and qualitative measures in the urologic and other specialty areas.
Differences in Tobacco Advertising Receptivity Among Young Adults by Sexual Identity and Sex: Findings From the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study
Authors: Ganz Ollie , Krueger Evan A. , Tan Andy S. L. , Talbot Eugene , Delnevo Cristine D. , Cantrell Jennifer
Published: February 2024

Tobacco use is disproportionately high among sexual minorities (i.e., lesbian/gay and bisexual [LGB] individuals). Receptivity to tobacco advertising is an established risk factor for tobacco use among the general population, yet little research has assessed how receptivity to tobacco advertising differs based on sexual identity and sex. Additionally, studies often fail to distinguish between LGB identities, creating a monolith of sexual identity that ignores different underlying risk factors and behaviors. This study examined differences in receptivity to advertising of five tobacco product categories (any tobacco, cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, and smokeless tobacco) between straight/heterosexual and lesbian/gay, and bisexual (LGB) young adults by sex. We used data from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Restricted Use File. Analyses were limited to young adults (aged 18–24) with complete data on sexual identity (n= 8,839). Multivariable logistic regressions examined the association between receptivity and sexual identity, controlling for demographics, past 30-day tobacco use, and media use, stratified by sex. In the multivariable models, gay males had higher odds of receptivity to cigar advertising and gay and bisexual males had higher odds of receptivity to e-cigarette advertising, compared with straight/heterosexual males. Compared with straight/heterosexual females, bisexual females had higher odds of receptivity to advertising for all products; lesbian/gay females had higher odds of receptivity to any tobacco advertising. In conclusion, our study identified elevated receptivity to tobacco marketing among sexual minorities—particularly sexual minority women. More research is needed to understand the sources of exposure to tobacco advertising and the reasons for elevated receptivity among LGB individuals.
French Theory and Cybernetics
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Lee Taek-Gwang
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to identify the relationship between cybernetics and the post-war French philosophies or theories known and embraced as structuralism, poststructuralism, and postmodernism. Recent research has shown that cybernetics was closely associated with Lévi-Strauss’s structuralism, which was the cool of the new French theory, and that poststructuralism or postmodernism was a response to the technologies of control represented by cybernetics. From this perspective, the misconceptions and prejudices surrounding French theory must be confronted with an understanding of the historical context that gave rise to the phenomenon of postmodernism. This paper looks at French theory as an intellectual movement that emerged out of the reflection on cybernetic technologies in the post-war period centred on the Maginot Line and revisits its theoretical context through the keyword cybernetics. This new examination will allow us to rewrite the genealogy of French theories that emerged after 1950 as a response to cybernetics, whether postmodernism is interpreted as a cultural logic of late capitalism, as an extension of modernism, or as a new epistemology inevitably resulting from the decline of modernity. From this perspective, this paper argues that French theory and its effect, postmodernism, should not be buried in the annals of history as relics of a bygone era but should be recognized as a historical legacy shaping our present reality and should be re-examined.
On the Creative Evolution of Modern Literature:Reading Austerlitz
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Yoo Hui-sok
Published: February 2024

This paper is an analytic exploration of W. G. Sebald’s only full-length novel, Austerlitz; a reading to faithfully follow the narrative aspect that goes against the grain of Holocaust testimonial literature. If Sebald has gone beyond testimony to the point of interrogating the Western colonial modernity, then the perusal of Austerlitz must be a great challenge. The narrative, centered around the first-person speaker believed to be Sebald with his attendant eponymous character, Austerlitz, relentlessly reinforces the awareness that the Holocaust is a phenomenon that originated from the Western spirit rooted in the Descartean rationalism. Thus Austerlitz can be re-evaluated as a critique of the fundamental logic of Western modernity and also an attempt to heal its disastrous aftermath. In this vein, Austerlitz is remarkably suffused with architectural meditations; the highly concentrated thoughts on various monumental buildings in countries that once ruled as colonial empires, such as the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and France, lead to criticism of the origin of Auschwitz. Hence the analysis is focused on the world-view of the Western colonial modernity that perpetrated ‘the Shoah’ in an unprecedented and unparalleled enormity. The upshot of this paper; the narrative of Austerlitz with his first-person narrator remains an outstanding example of the creative evolution in the field of modern literature today.
The Dynamic Cohesion Of Idea And Aesthetics: Multi­layered Narrative Of Tolstoy’s Resurrection
Authors:   East European and Balkan Institute, Lee Sangryong
Published: February 2024

Tolstoy’s Resurrection is the dynamic cohesion of aesthetic narrative and philosophical hypothesis. He delineates the process of Nekhludov building up identity and fundamental transformation of his conceptualization in various terms of multi­layered narratives. Tolstoy describes the panorama of long spiritual wandering caused by two different selves’ never­ending conflicts from the standpoint of lyrical aesthetics. Based on different criteria for literary purposefulness and aesthetics, critics bring about extremely opposite evaluations on this work. Despite of heated arguments, it seems to be very refreshing that Tolstoy’s creative attempt to put together ideas and aesthetics cohesively. On top of that, he tries to merge together literary themes and social reformative thoughts, and it is well established.
In this masterpiece, Tolstoy strives to make elaborate analysis of Nekhludov. The fable of ‘Buridan’s donkey’ epitomizes his real characterization. This rhetoric properly symbolizes Nekhludov’s essential personality, which shows his indecisiveness not making final decision with self­autonomy between two equal values for his own destination. Looking forward to the following stage, Nekhludov still can not bring up strong confidence in his capability and authenticity. Tolstoy delineates ‘allegory of the river’, through which he figuratively suggests Nekhludove ultimately comes up with his true identity, exerting himself to fulfill his inborn values and gifted talents.
In the process, Nekhludov lays out well articulated criticisms on absurdity of given circumstances and irrationality of administrative systems. During this process, he is criticized as a dreaming anarchist, but never distracted on his way to his purpose­driven journey, closely influenced by Henry Thoreau’s hypothesis ‘good soul’s prison’. He keeps on revealing permeated falsehood and hypocrisy in social system with his full swing effort and reformative will. In so doing, unconsciously he redeems himself with well­deserved sound belief in him, then, he achieves his resurrection with his own individual self­autonomy and willingness.
Why Did Kim Il Sung Visit the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in 1984?
Authors:   East European and Balkan Institute, Yang Joonseok
Published: February 2024

Kim Il Sung’s 1984 tour of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe was driven by the need to acquire modern weapons, secure recognition of the hereditary regime, and obtain support for tripartite talks between the ROK, North Korea, and the US in the face of North Korea’s economic downturn. In early 1984, after verifying the trip’s authenticity, the ROK government began to seek information about Kim Il Sung’s itinerary through its diplomatic missions. Despite domestic and international assessments that Kim Il Sung’s visit to the Soviet Union was a failure, the ROK government saw gains in the acquisition of modern weapons and the recognition of the hereditary succession. In East Germany, for example, a treaty of friendship along with an economic and scientific agreement was signed. However, only ceremonial and formal events took place in Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Poland, Bulgaria, and Hungary with Yugoslavia and Romania simultaneously criticizing the United States and the Soviet Union, emphasizing the possibility of non-aligned countries. Kim Il Sung’s diplomatic trip intensified the ROK government’s sense of crisis regarding its northern policy. In 1984, the ROK government’s European relations were characterized by proxy diplomacy—sending delegations to Western Europe to try to strengthen ties with Eastern Europe and increasing cultural and sports exchanges with Eastern Europe. Eventually, coinciding with the international transformation of the Cold War system, all of the Eastern European communist countries that Kim Il Sung had traveled to participated in the Seoul Olympics and achieved high rankings.
An Study on Hungarian Bishop Count Vay Péter Representations of Korea: ‘Emperors and Emperoresses of the East’ and ‘In the Eastern Hemisphere’
Authors:   East European and Balkan Institute, Kim Jiyoung
Published: February 2024

This paper analyses the perception and image of Korea by Hungarian count and Catholic bishop Vay Péter, based on his books ‘Emperors and Emperoresses of the East(Kelet császárai és császárságai, Ázsiai útja Szibérián át Kínába, Koreába és Japánba, Budapest, 1906) and ‘In the Heart of the Orient’(A keleti féltekén, Budapest, Franklin-Társulat, 1918). All of these books reveal the erudition and wisdom of their authors, who were among the leading European nobles, clergy, and intellectuals of their time. Emperors and Empires of the East was so popular that German and French translations appeared within a year or two of its Hungarian first edition in 1906. Few writers of the time were as knowledgeable and experienced in traveling and writing about Korea and Japan, and he strived to write about them fairly and objectively, without prejudice or preconceptions. In this book, Vay appears to have had a positive vision for the future of Korea and its people. The book was so authoritative that it attracted the attention of the European upper class and intellectuals, and it can be assumed that it helped to shape their views of the Orient and Korea. When Emperors and Empires of the East was published in 1906, the publication of the book was announced in Hungarian newspapers and book reviews, and many favourable book reviews were published. His other book, In the Eastern Hemisphere, published in 1918, deals specifically with the Catholic situation in Korea at the time, and it is significant in the history of Korean Catholicism that the Benedictines’ decision to enter the Korean mission stemmed from Bishop Vay’s lecture on Korea at the Berlin Missionary Conference in 1905.