bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formação de professores: histórico, delimitação do campo e sua perspectiva para a área da educação
Authors: Peixoto Priscila de Andrade Barroso , Luquetti Eliana Crispim França
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Este artigo de cunho interdisciplinar, inserido nos campos da educação e da sociologia, tem por objetivo apresentar um panorama da construção da pesquisa em educação sobre o campo da formação de professores no contexto das pesquisas acadêmico-científicas brasileiras. Por meio de um estudo bibliométrico e bibliográfico, tendo como base o conceito de campo científico, expõem-se as relações emancipadoras que delineiam a formação de professores como campo de estudo autônomo. Pesquisas comprovam a constituição desse campo, que possui características teórico-metodológicas e conceituais próprias e revelam o lugar ocupado por esse eixo em legislações, políticas educacionais e debates na comunidade científica brasileira. Assim, mostra-se urgente a necessidade de ampliação do conhecimento do percurso dessa constituição, a fim de promover e sinalizar encaminhamentos decisórios com relação aos desafios e às tendências para a área, por meio da articulação de pesquisadores nacionais.
Estratégias e movimentos dos grandes grupos privados de ensino superior de capital aberto entre 2007 e 2021
Authors: Carvalho Cristina Helena Almeida de , Lima Raimundo da Silva
Published: October 2024

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é analisar estratégias e movimentos dos grupos privados de educação superior com capital aberto na bolsa de valores brasileira (B3) de 2007 até a COVID-19. O foco da investigação são os grupos Cogna, Yduqs, Ser Educacional e Ânima, com dados retirados da Hoper Consultoria e do Instituto SEMESP, além do mapeamento dos movimentos registrados na B3 e notícias relacionadas. Conclui-se que, em meio à pandemia, essas empresas obtiveram bons resultados econômicos, satisfazendo, portanto, seus acionistas, tendo em vista o dinamismo na reestruturação e a diversificação dos portfólios. O ensino híbrido deve ser a tendência para os próximos anos. No entanto, agravou-se a precarização do trabalho docente, bem como a financeirização e a concentração de mercado — características dos quatro grupos analisados, que podem ser ainda mais aceleradas tanto na educação superior como na educação básica por meio da educação a distância (EaD), e o foco nos nichos de mercado, especialmente nos cursos de medicina.
Temporal and spatial analysis of notifications of sexual violence against male children and adolescents in Brazil, 2013 to 2022: an ecological study
Authors: Lima Beatriz Caroline Leão , Miranda Cássio Eduardo Soares , Nascimento Fernando Ferraz do , Andrade Jesusmar Ximenes , Rodrigues Malvina Thais Pacheco , Borges José Wicto Pereira
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the temporal trend and the spatial distribution of reported cases of sexual violence against male children and adolescents, and their relationship with municipal development in Brazil. Methods: This is an ecological study with data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System and the Municipal Human Development Indexes (MHDIs), from 2013-2022. Prais-Winsten regression was used for temporal analysis and the Moran Index for spatial analysis. Results: There were 39,967 reports of sexual violence against male children and adolescents. An increasing trend was found for Brazil as a whole (annual percentage change = 6.8; 95%CI 3.8;10.0). Spatial distribution showed direct correlation between high rates of violence and low MHDIs (p < 0.001). Conclusion We found a rising temporal trend in Brazil and spatial dependence of the rates of reported sexual violence in the municipalities.
Análise temporal e espacial das notificações de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes do sexo masculino no Brasil, 2013 a 2022: estudo ecológico
Authors: Lima Beatriz Caroline Leão , Miranda Cássio Eduardo Soares , Nascimento Fernando Ferraz do , Andrade Jesusmar Ximenes , Rodrigues Malvina Thais Pacheco , Borges José Wicto Pereira
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a tendência temporal e a distribuição espacial dos casos notificados de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes do sexo masculino, e sua relação com o desenvolvimento municipal no Brasil. Métodos Trata-se de estudo ecológico empregando dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e os Índices de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHMs), de 2013-2022. Utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten para a análise temporal e o índice de Moran para a análise espacial. Resultados Houve 39.967 notificações de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes do sexo masculino. Verificou-se tendência crescente no Brasil (variação percentual anual = 6,8; IC95% 3,8;10,0). A distribuição espacial apresentou correlação direta entre altas taxas de violência e baixos IDHMs (p < 0,001). Conclusão Observou-se tendência temporal de crescimento no Brasil e dependência espacial das taxas de notificação de violência sexual nos municípios.
Driving after alcohol consumption among residents of Northeastern Brazil: National Health Survey 2019
Authors: Gomes Renata da Silva , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Bezerra Vanessa Moraes
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of factors associated with drinking and driving in Northeastern Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted with participants from the 2019 National Health Survey, aged ≥ 18 years; the analysis of the association between sociodemographic variables and the outcome, stratified by sex, was performed using Poisson regression. Results The prevalence of drinking and driving was 21.0% ( 95%CI 19.9;23.2), with 24.6% ( 95%CI 22.7;26.5), in males and 10.1 % ( 95%CI 7.9;12.7), in females (p-value < 0.001); among men, younger age groups (PR = 1.70 – 95%CI 1.29;2.24), higher household income (PR = 1.74 – 95%CI 1.33;2.28), rural residence (PR = 1.48 – 95%CI 1.26;1.74) and motorcycle riding (PR = 1.29 – 95%CI 1.05;1.58) were associated with the event, while no association was observed among women. Conclusion Prevalence of drinking and driving was high in the Northeast region, especially among the male population; preventive measures targeting this group and intensified enforcement are necessary.
Condução de veículos após o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em residentes do Nordeste do Brasil: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019
Authors: Gomes Renata da Silva , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Bezerra Vanessa Moraes
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência e analisar fatores associados ao hábito de beber e dirigir no Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos Estudo transversal, com participantes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019, aos 18 anos ou mais de idade; analisou-se a associação entre variáveis sociodemográficas e o desfecho, estratificada segundo sexo, mediante regressão de Poisson. Resultados A prevalência de “beber e dirigir” de 21,0% (IC95% 19,9;23,2), 24,6% (IC95% 22,7;26,5) no sexo masculino e de 10,1% (IC95% 7,9;12,7) no feminino (p-valor < 0,001); nos homens, faixas etárias mais jovens (RP = 1,70 – IC95% 1,29;2,24), maior renda domiciliar (RP = 1,74 – IC95% 1,33;2,28), residência rural (RP = 1,48 – IC95% 1,26;1,74) e condução de motocicleta (RP = 1,29 – IC95% 1,05;1,58) associaram-se ao evento, enquanto nenhuma associação foi observada nas mulheres. Conclusão A prevalência de “beber e dirigir” alta no Nordeste, comparada à do Brasil, principalmente na população masculina; fazem-se necessárias medidas preventivas nesse público, e intensificação da fiscalização.
ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIAS: MODO DE (SOBRE)VIVÊNCIA/EXISTÊNCIA POR MEIO DE UM PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO DE MUSICOTERAPIA EM UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Beggiato Sheila , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina
Published: October 2024

A violência contra a mulher é, acima de tudo, uma violação dos direitos humanos. Ser uma violação dos direitos humanos passa a ser um problema que diz respeito a todos e todos, um compromisso da sociedade como um todo. Estudantes de universidades brasileiras são mulheres que carregam histórias de violência. Este artigo apresenta resultados de um projeto de extensão e pesquisa desenvolvido em uma universidade pública no sul do Brasil, que promove Encontros de Musicoterapia para estes estudantes. O objetivo do projeto foi compreender os sentidos criados, durante os Encontros de Musicoterapia, por estudantes universitários que sofreram/sofreram violência.
Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, que contornou com a participação de 6 estudantes universitários em Encontros de Musicoterapia ao longo de 9 meses. Uma análise baseada em núcleos de significação e os resultados indicam que as experiências musicais tecidas nas interações grupais nos Encontros de Musicoterapia ampliaram o campo de possibilidades nas formas de ser e estar entre esses estudantes e colaboraram para que eles pudessem criar sentidos outros para sua existência , aumentando seu poder de ação. Destaca-se a importância do projeto de extensão ter sido oferecido em um contexto universitário, que é algo próximo aos estudantes e igualmente o valor da universidade para a existência destes, não apenas como lugar de construção de conhecimento científico, como também de criação de laços sociais e afetivos.
„Mal in Ruhe lesen“: Wirkungen von Lärm auf das Lesen – Ergebnisse einer Laborstudie mit Beschäftigten
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dortmund, Sukowski Helga
Published: October 2024

“Reading in peace”: Effects of noise on reading – results from a laboratory study with employees Background: It is a regular day-to-day requirement in many occupations to retrieve information from written material by reading. Therefore, a proofreading task was applied as one of two tasks in this study, in which the effects of different realistic sounds on cognitive performance were investigated. Method: Seventy participants worked on a self-developed reading task, once in a silent condition and once in a condition with one of three background sounds. The sounds, which were kindly provided for this study by other institutions, were recordings from a checkout at a fashion retailer, a multi-space office and a construction site. Thus, the sample for this study consisted of three sound groups. In addition, all participants gave subjective assessments referring to the processing of the tasks with respect to four different aspects. Results: For the entire group, the analysis showed the tendency of a lower number of correctly finished items in the sound condition than in the silent condition. The results were different in the separate sound groups. The subjective assessments showed higher experienced effort and disturbance as well as lower self-assessed concentration in the sound condition than in the silent condition. Conclusions: Adverse effects of background sounds on reading performance were detectable, and they were different in the three sound groups. However, clearer effects were identified for the subjective assessments, i.e., when persons were questioned about their impressions. This underlines the importance of asking people affected by noise, in order to get an insight how the interfering effects are experienced. More detailed survey tools would be required to find out more about the sound characteristics which are responsible for particular effects. Keywords: noise – cognitive performance – proofreading – subjective assessments – workplace
An analogue of Pontryagin’s maximum principle in one problem optimal control with variable structure
Authors:   Baku State University, Mansimov Kamil B. ,   Institute of Control Systems of the Ministry of Science and Education of Azerbaijan, Suleymanova Shabnam Sh. ,   Institute of Control Systems of the Ministry of Science and Education of Azerbaijan
Published: October 2024

In this paper we consider one optimal control problem with distributed parameters described in two different domains by two Goursat-Darboux systems under the assumption that the control domains are arbitrary. The quality criterion is a terminal type functional. Based on a modified version of the increment method, a necessary condition for optimality is proved in the form of an analogue of Pontryagin's maximum principle.
Mathematical problems and solutions of the Ninth International Olympiad in Cryptography NSUCRYPTO
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Idrisova Valeria A. , Tokareva Natalya N. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Gorodilova Anastasia A. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Beterov Ilya I. ,   Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Bonich Tatiana A. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Ishchukova Evgenia A. ,   Southern Federal University, Kolomeec Nikolai A. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Kutsenko Alexandr V. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Malygina Ekaterina S. ,   Higher School of Economics, Pankratova Irina A. ,   Tomsk State University, Pudovkina Marina A. ,   National Research Nuclear University МЕРhI, Udovenko Alexey N. ,   Crypto Experts
Published: October 2024

Every year the International Olympiad in Cryptography Non-Stop University CRYPTO (NSUCRYPTO) offers mathematical problems for university and school students and, moreover, for professionals in the area of cryptography and computer science. The main goal of NSUCRYPTO is to draw attention of students and young researchers to modern cryptography and raise awareness about open problems in the field. We present problems of NSUCRYPTO’22 and their solutions. There are 16 problems on the following topics: ciphers, cryptosystems, protocols, e-money and cryptocurrencies, hash functions, matrices, quantum computing, S-boxes, etc. They vary from easy mathematical tasks that could be solved by school students to open problems that deserve separate discussion and study. So, in this paper, we consider several open problems on three-pass protocols, public and private keys pairs, modifications of discrete logarithm problem, cryptographic permutations, and quantum circuits.
Short fault detection tests for contact circuits under arbitrary weakly connected faults of contacts
Authors:   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Popkov Kikill A.
Published: October 2024

We prove that for any natural k, any Boolean function can be implemented by a two-pole contact circuit that is k-irredundant and allows a k-fault detection test of length no more than 3 relative to arbitrary connected faults of contacts in groups, where each group consists of one closing and one opening contact. We establish that if the Boolean function is not self-dual, then this bound can be lowered to 2.
Региональные особенности контроля рождаемости в России в 2018–2022 гг.
Authors: Сакевич Виктория Ивановна , Денисов Борис Петрович
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена территориальному анализу показателей абортов в России. Основным источником данных послужила официальная статистика прерываний беременности, методология которой начиная с 2018 г. позволяет получить информацию, не доступную в предыдущие годы. Рассматриваются различия между регионами по уровню искусственных и самопроизвольных абортов, по доле абортов, выполненных в негосударственном секторе здравоохранения, по частоте использования медикаментозного метода прерывания беременности. Показано, что при общей тенденции снижения уровня абортов в России сохраняются значительные межрегиональные различия. В целом отмечается увеличение уровня абортов с запада на восток и с юга на север. Около 2/3 россиянок репродуктивного возраста проживают в регионах с низким и очень низким уровнем искусственных абортов, тогда как 16% – в регионах с относительно высоким уровнем искусственных абортов, и ожидаемого уменьшения дисперсии за изучаемый период не произошло. Авторы делают вывод, что сравнивать регионы страны по общему числу абортов не имеет большого смысла, поскольку соотношение искусственных и самопроизвольных абортов среди беременностей с абортивным исходом сильно разнится между регионами. Также в статье показано, что происходит перераспределение искусственных абортов в сторону частного сектора здравоохранения, что актуализирует проблему ограниченной доступности медицинской помощи в рамках ОМС. В ряде регионов на негосударственный сектор здравоохранения приходится более половины искусственных абортов. Женщины ищут качественные услуги, отдавая предпочтение более безопасному медикаментозному методу прерывания беременности, который намного чаще практикуется в частных клиниках, чем в государственных.
Diagnosis from an Epidemiological Point of View. The Example of COVID-19
Authors: Jose Luis Turabian
Published: October 2024

A diagnostic test is anything that provides data about the patient's health or disease. All such tests can be formally evaluated for their accuracy and precision (sensitivity and specificity). Once a test has been performed, whether positive or negative, sensitivity and specificity are not the priority issues; the physician's dilemma is whether or not the patient has the disease, once the test result is known. This is the positive and negative predictive value. However, the positive predictive value depends on the prevalence: when prevalence is high, the positive predictive value of the test increases and, as a consequence, there are fewer false positives and more false negatives. When prevalence is low, the opposite occurs: the positive predictive value of the test decreases, and there will be more false positives and fewer false negatives. Furthermore, diagnoses are generally not determined and labeled in isolation; rather, diagnoses are applied sequentially (Bayesian inference). Thus, prior knowledge facilitates rapid decision-making that is generally correct by increasing the pre-test diagnostic probability. When tests are performed in series (one after the other), specificity and positive predictive value are maximized, but sensitivity and negative predictive value are reduced. Thus, we have the example of COVID-19. For a low prevalence scenario (such as the current one), assuming a specificity of 98%, a positive test ensures the diagnosis in at least 2/3 of patients. And a negative result practically rules it out. When the incidence of COVID-19 is high. For example, with a prevalence of 30% or in practice when we are in some "COVID-19 wave", a positive result ensures the diagnosis in 94% but a negative result can occur in up to 10% of patients. On the other hand, a second test after the first gives a more reliable result if its results go in the same direction.
The Neuroprotective Effect of Calotropis procera Against Toxicity of Mercury Chloride
Authors: Belfarhi Leila , Bairi Abdelmadjid
Published: October 2024

Background: Central nervous system intoxication can result from exposure to various toxins, including mercury chloride. Although several chelating agents are available for mercury chloride detoxification, their efficacy can diminish over time. Calotropis procera, a medicinal plant, has shown potential as a protective agent against mercury chloride-induced brain damage. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of Calotropis procera in mitigating mercury chloride toxicity. Experimental animal design: This study investigates the protective effects of Calotropis procera against mercury chloride toxicity in Wistar albino rats. A total of 36 rats, comprising both males and females, were housed under controlled laboratory conditions and divided into two main groups based on five animals. Each group was further subdivided into five subgroups: a control group, a group treated with Calotropis procera, a group treated with mercury chloride, a group treated with both mercury chloride and Calotropis procera and a group receiving Calotropis procera alongside mercury chloride. Treatments were administered for 20 days. After the treatment period, the rats were euthanised, and brain tissues were collected for histopathological analysis. After the brain tissues were fixed in 10% saline-buffered formalin, they were processed through a series of ascending grades of ethanol to dehydrate them. The tissues were then cleared in xylene and embedded in paraffin. The paraffin-embedded brains were treated three times with pure paraffin to ensure proper infiltration and were subsequently moulded into blocks. Sections of 5 µm thickness were prepared using a Leica microtome and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) for histopathological examination. The study adhered to ethical guidelines and was approved by the relevant regulatory body. The results of this study demonstrated that mercury chloride caused significant cerebral toxicity, manifesting as inflammation and pyknosis of the nuclei. Calotropis procera reduced mercury toxicity and preserved the nuclei in male rats. In female rats, Calotropis procera completely preserved the brain tissue.
Overview of MultiPathogen Detection Workflow v1
Authors: Fitz Shannon , Shaw Alex , Owusu michael , Abraham Dilip
Published: October 2024

This protocol offers a comprehensive overview of the sequential steps involved in the GEMS multipathogen detection workflow, spanning from sample concentration to sequencing. This multipathogen detection workflow targets detection of Hepatitis E, enteroviruses, Vibrio cholera, and Salmonella typhi from wastewater samples.
Endo-IP and Lyso-IP in hESCs and iNeurons v1
Authors: V Hundley Frances , A. Gonzalez-Lozano Miguel , JW Harper
Published: October 2024

Building off of our previously published EEA1-positive endosome isolation technique (Endo-IP), we describe an approach for capturing endosomes and TMEM192-positive lysosomes (Lyso-IP) from human embyronic stem cells (hESCs) and induced cortical-like neurons (iNeurons) providing a relatively rapid means by which to examine the endolysosomal system. This approach enriches hundreds of resident endolysosomal proteins and cargo, and enables downstream proteomic analysis of the endoslysomal system, along with other applications.
Effect of elevated temperature on concrete incorporating zeolite, silica fume and fly ash as replacement for cement
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India, T Balaji , M Jeyashree T ,   Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India, R Kannan Rajkumar P ,   Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India, J Baskara Sundararaj ,   Centre for Advanced Concrete Research, Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India, M Jegan ,   Centre for Advanced Concrete Research, Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
Published: October 2024

In this study, the effect of utilizing zeolite and industrial by-products, silica fume, and Class C fly ash, as partial replacement for cement is investigated at room and elevated temperatures of 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C. Four different high-strength concrete mixes of M50 concrete grade with varying proportions of zeolite, silica fume, and Class C fly ash are tested and observed for workability, compressive strength, and microstructural characteristics using Scanning Electron Microscope analysis, and the optimum mix has arrived. The results indicate that the addition of zeolite, silica fume, and fly ash resulted in lesser early-age strength development but the strength after 28 days of curing is found satisfactory and the desired target strength is achieved. Temperature rise resulted in degradation of concrete properties for both conventional and optimum mix but the concrete cubes with 10% of zeolite, 7.5% of silica fume, and 10% of fly ash have higher retainment of strength at elevated temperatures compared with conventional mix. The results from the microstructural study are found to correlate with strength test results. Incorporation of 10% zeolite, 7.5% silica fume, and 10% fly ash improved mechanical and microstructural characteristics at room and elevated temperature, however, the replacement is effective for 28 days of curing.
The effect of the methods for resistant starch production on the activity of lactobacilli
Authors:   ITMO University, Alkhateeb Reem , Barakova Nadezhda V. ,   ITMO University, Gunkova Polina I. ,   ITMO University, Baskovtceva Angelina S. ,   ITMO University, Grinvald Svetlana A. ,   ITMO University, Pluzhnikova Daria V. ,   ITMO University
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the influence of different methods for obtaining resistant starch on the growth of lactobacilli. Resistant starch was obtained by modifying starch suspension using enzymes, low, and high temperatures. Enzymatic modification was carried out using amylolytic enzyme preparations – Disticime BA-T and Disticime AG at a temperature of 50°C–80°C–60°C for 3 h; at a temperature of –18°C for 12 h; in a liquid nitrogen environment at –196°C for 5 min; as well as at a high temperature of 120°C for 15; 30; 45, and 60 min. The stability of resistant starch was assessed by the amount of reducing substances obtained after repeated treatment of modified starch suspensions with enzyme preparations after the introduction of modified starch suspensions into media with low and high pH values. The effectiveness of each method of obtaining resistant starch was assessed by the growth of lactobacilli. It was established that the most stable resistant starch is obtained after autoclaving the starch suspension at 120°C for 15 minutes. In the same sample, the greatest growth of microorganisms was observed – 2 times higher than in the sample where starch modification was carried out with enzyme preparations. These results are important to consider when incorporating resistant starch into the formulations of functional food.
Resource Potential of the Cloud Infocommunication Services Sphere in Russian Regions: Comparative Assessment
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Kurochkina A. A. , Golovkin P. N. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological approach to comparative assessment of the resource potential of the cloud infocommunication services sphere in Russian regions in order to determine the state and development prospects of regional resources. The approach is based on the construction of integral indices of human and infrastruc-ture resources of the regions. The choice of statistical indicators included in the named indices was substantiated. The assessments of the level of development of the resource potential of the cloud infocommunication services sphere in Russian regions were constructed based on the current Rosstat data for 2022 and 2023. The regions were grouped by analogy with the groupings of the BCG matrix and the Gartner quadrant. Each region is assessed by two indices: «hu-man resources» and «infrastructure resources». Four groups of regions were defined, corresponding to the four quad-rants: with high scores for both indices; with high scores only for the infrastructure resources indicator; with high scores only for the human resources indicator; with low scores for both indicators. The prospects for the development of re-gional resources were determined, taking into account the identified specificity of regional resources and the share of costs for the implementation and use of digital technologies in the gross regional product. The results can be used to justify strategic directions for the development of the resource potential of the infocommunication sphere of Russian regions.
THE CHINESE CONCEPT OF A MULTIPOLAR WORLD AND ITS THREATS TO UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, STAFIICHUK Valentyn , MATVIIENKO Volodymyr ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, MATVIIENKO Nataliia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

In contrast to the positive view of the role and place of China in the modern world and Ukrainian-Chinese cooperation, which is dominant among Ukrainian scientists, the article outlines the threats from the "peaceful rise of the PRC" and unjustified enthusiasm for the development of relations with it. Chinese leaders' official course and rhetoric have remained practically unchanged for decades, but real steps indicate a completely different content of foreign policy at the current stage. Talks about the "common destiny of mankind" and a multipolar world are followed by China's active actions aimed at changing the existing rules of the world system in its favor. China is very active in forming its own sphere of influence based on co-optation, coercion, and cover-up. Currently, it is using its entire economic and political arsenal to make the countries of the Global South dependent, especially the participants of the "Belt and Road" initiative. In the South China Sea, it is already using the "Strategy of Three Wars" to dislodge its opponents. The real content of Ukrainian-Chinese interaction, China's position regarding the Russian war against Ukraine, and its actual support of the aggressor no longer correspond to the status of a strategic partnership. Further close cooperation with the People's Republic of China contradicts the civilizational guidelines of our state regarding the development of democracy; mutually beneficial relations with the EU, NATO, the USA, and other partners that supported Ukraine in the war with Russia; observance of human rights. In relations with China, there is also the danger of deindustrialization, transformation into a commodity appendage, technological and cyber espionage, debt traps, corruption schemes, persecution of opponents of the Chinese government, etc. Considering the long-term national interests of democratic Ukraine and authoritarian China, we cannot be in the rank of strategic partners, but we can develop relations in accordance with the national interests of Ukraine and taking into account the numerous Chinese threats we mentioned.
Links between Sports Injuries and Mental Health in Elite Athletes: the current state of affairs
Authors: Gil Caselles L , Olmedilla Zafra A
Published: October 2024

Currently, the studies that have been carried out on sports injuries are mostly focused on physical factors as the main cause; however, empirical evidence shows the importance of psychological factors. Therefore, we must focus on identifying the most relevant variables surrounding sports injuries, that is, those that can influence their appearance and/or rehabilitation. Mental health disorders have become one of the most relevant problems today, and with it, the risk of suffering an injury is increasing. The objective of the present study is to carry out a systematic review of the scientific literature to know which mental health indicators are the most common in relation to sports injuries in elite athletes. A systematic review of the scientific literature will be carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. For this purpose, various databases have been used, such as: Scopus, Scielo, ResearchGate, MedlinePlus, Dialnet and Google Scholar. The selected documents were 6, all of them review articles published between 2016 and 2022. The results indicate that: there is a relationship between mental health and sports injuries; the prevalence of mental health symptoms in sport increases the risk of injury and delays rehabilitation; the number of injuries negatively affects the athlete’s mental health; Injuries can increase the risk of mental health problems and adverse behaviors. In conclusion, this review shows how mental health indicators are significantly related to sports injuries, and how their relationship can lead to incorrect recovery for the athlete and/or being more exposed to suffering from it.
The Role and Considerations of Educational Applications in Achieving Educational Resource Equilibrium
Authors: Zhao Hang
Published: October 2024

After the pandemic, the application and integration of network technology into various educational technologies for teaching purposes are gradually maturing and developing, opening new chapters in the field of education. The rapid development of remote education, online learning, and online training propelled by educational applications has ushered in a new era. The emergence of such educational models also plays a role in promoting the balance of educational resources. Although some regions cannot achieve complete relief due to the lack of access to networks and electronic devices, it marks a positive beginning and suggests new possibilities. Through practical case studies, this article thoroughly analyzes the impact of educational application technologies on the balance of educational resources. It explores the practical challenges that need to be overcome for future development.
Influence of geometric factors on cyclic durability of rotor main parts of the hot section of aircraft engines.
Validation using lumen control results
Authors: Selishchev Pavel A. , Zelenkevich Aleksandr D.
Published: October 2024

A study was conducted of the influence of some geometric factors on such parameters as the position of dangerous points determining the cyclic durability of a part, and the values of cyclic durability at these points. Based on the results of the validation carried out using the results of non-destructive testing and fractographic studies of opened cracks in the main part with operational defects, the adequacy - the degree of compliance with the research results - of the calculation models used to determine the cyclic durability was established. The work was carried out as part of the task of determining the resource indicators of the main part, taking into account the presence of an initial defect.
МОНІТОРИНГ ВІРУСІВ-ВИМАГАЧІВ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ РОЗШИРЕНОГО БЕРКЛІЙСЬКОГО ПАКЕТНОГО ФІЛЬТРА (EBPF) ТА МАШИННОГО НАВЧАННЯ.
Authors: Журавчак Даниїл
Published: October 2024

У цій роботі досліджено актуальність захисту інформаційних систем від шкідливих програм-вимагачів у контексті стрімкого розвитку кіберзлочинності, особливо в умовах війни в Україні. Стаття фокусується на недоліках традиційних антивірусних рішень та необхідності впровадження нових технологічних рішень для ефективного моніторингу мережевого трафіку. Одним із висунутих рішень є використання розширеного Берклійського Пакетного Фільтра (eBPF), який дозволяє виявляти потенційно шкідливу активність без втручання у ядро операційної системи. Значення вирішення цієї проблеми не може бути переоцінене, враховуючи важкі наслідки атак вірусів-вимагачів, які можуть варіюватися від втрати важливих даних до повного паралічу інфраструктури підприємства. Також зазначено, що eBPF може відіграти важливу роль у розробці механізмів виявлення, аналізу та протидії кіберзагрозам, що є значущим як для теоретичних досліджень, так і для практичного застосування в області кібербезпеки. Подальший зміст статті розкриває проблематику використання eBPF для моніторингу діяльності вірусів-вимагачів та їх виявлення у мережевому трафіку. Пропонується комплексний підхід до оцінювання алгоритмів машинного навчання, що можуть застосовуватися для аналізу даних, зібраних за допомогою eBPF, з акцентом на алгоритм опорних векторів (SVM) як найбільш придатний для виявлення програм-вимагачів. В роботі також оцінено ефективність SVM у порівнянні з іншими інструментами, що підкреслює його переваги для задач кібербезпеки. Завершується стаття обговоренням можливостей впровадження eBPF у практичну сферу кібербезпеки, зокрема його вплив на підвищення ефективності захисних систем, зниження часу реакції на інциденти та забезпечення більш динамічного та гнучкого управління безпекою. Автори підкреслюють, що розв'язання цієї проблеми має значне важливість для наукового співтовариства та практичного застосування, пропонуючи нові напрямки для подальших досліджень у сфері кібербезпеки
TASK SCHEDULING OPTIMISATION OF DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME COMPUTING SYSTEMS.
Authors: Stanko Petro , Ohremchuk Olena , Salamatina Daria , Sverdlova Daria
Published: October 2024

Distributed computing structures for production and special purposes represent the resources of soft or hard real-time systems. The problem of task planning is to determine the optimal distribution according to the generalized criterion of system utility. The article discusses the methods of building a schedule, based on the theory of planning. It is shown that the most effective step in this process is the optimisation of the activity of the enterprises or organizations at all levels - economic, technical, informational, etc., under the conditions of natural limitations on time resources. Since the optimisation of schedule planning occupies a fundamentally important place in the process of organizing the effective operation of a distributed multiprocessor computing system, the possibilities of using this theory in creating an optimal schedule based on the theory of queues with ordinary and marked applications are considered. The theoretical basis of the planning optimisation problem is a multistage system with M storage units and a set of N´M services. In order to organize the schedule optimality criteria to ensure ease of description, storage and software implementation, a conditional division of criteria into geographic, technical or transit categories with a description of the corresponding priority value is proposed. Taking into account these components, an expression for the average waiting time in the queue for a marked demand is derived. The scheme of the conceptual approach to the construction of a multi-core computer with the distribution of periodic and sporadic tasks is presented. The scheme of the real-time system (RTS) in hardware and software implementation is also presented. Background streams in RTS are activated by RT operating system (RT OS) commands and are embedded in primary streams. The above demonstrates the versatility of the proposed approach to scheduling a multiprocessor computing structure and its ability to meet the user's work requirements in real time.
МЕТОД ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РІВНЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ СТАНУ КІБЕРЗАХИСТУ ОБ’ЄКТІВ КРИТИЧНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Корченко Олександр , Іванченко Євгенія , Бакалинський Олександр , Мялковський Данило , Зубков Денис
Published: October 2024

У зв'язку зі зростанням загроз кібербезпеці, особливо для критичної інфраструктури держави, виникає необхідність у розробці та впровадженні ефективних методів оцінювання рівня кіберзахисту. Критична інфраструктура держави (енергетика, транспорт, медичні установи тощо) все більше стає залежною від інформаційних технологій. Порушення безпеки цих технологій може призвести до серйозних наслідків для життя та здоров'я громадян, а також економічних втрат. Багато країн встановлюють різні регулятивні вимоги стосовно кіберзахисту, наприклад, GDPR в Європейському Союзі або NIST у Сполучених Штатах. Це змушує організації, що управляють критичною інфраструктурою, активно шукати та впроваджувати ефективні методи оцінювання рівня кіберзахисту. Швидкий технологічний прогрес призводить до появи нових методів атак, для захисту від яких необхідно залучати різні ресурси (фінансові, людські, часові тощо) для створення нових більш ефективних засобів для підвищення стану кіберзахисту. Оцінка рівня такого стану в подальшому дасть можливість оцінити ефект від вкладених в безпеку ресурсів. Розроблений метод оцінки підвищення рівня кіберзахисту об'єктів критичної інфраструктури держави ґрунтується на моделі системи характеристик, спрямованої на оцінку стану кіберзахисту в Україні, та процедур формування лінгвістичних змінних, фазифікації інтервалів та побудови еталонів, формування множини характеристик об’єктів огляду,  процесу первинного вимірювання, формуванню базових пар і асоціативних правил та візуалізації результатів, які формалізуються відповідними етапами, дозволяє  реалізовувати процес оцінювання стану кіберзахисту об’єкту огляду критичної інфраструктури. Описаний метод може стати ефективним інструментом для аналізу та оцінки рівня кіберзахисту критичної інфраструктури держави з метою забезпечення національної безпеки та захисту від кіберзагроз. В подальшому необхідно побудувати систему, яка дозволить автоматизувати процес оцінювання підвищення стану кіберзахисту на об’єктах огляду.
АНАЛІЗ СВОСОБІВ ОБХОДУ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ДЛЯ ЗАПОБІГАННЯМ ЗАГРОЗ ТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕТОДІВ ПРОТИДІЇ ЦЬОМУ
Authors: Опанович Максим
Published: October 2024

У цьому дослідженні розглядаються методи ухилення, що застосовуються групами Advanced Persistent Threat (APT), які обходять традиційні засоби захисту, такі як антивірусне програмне забезпечення та системи виявлення і реагування на кінцевих точках (EDR). Основна увага приділяється таким методам, як обфускація, шифрування та використання вразливостей інструментів захисту, які визначені як суттєві виклики для ефективного виявлення загроз. Досліджується, як зловмисники використовують " Living Off The Land Binaries and Scripts" (LOLBAS) для маніпулювання вбудованими системними інструментами для прихованих атак, органічно поєднуючи зловмисну діяльність з легітимними процесами, щоб уникнути їх виявлення. Крім того, обговорюється роль систем безпеки інформації та керування подіями (SIEM) у покращенні можливостей виявлення. Системи SIEM виділяються своєю здатністю збирати й аналізувати дані безпеки в мережі, забезпечуючи цілісне уявлення, яке допомагає ранньому виявленні потенційних загроз і порушень, таким чином зміцнюючи рівень безпеки організації. Проаналізовані вразливості в самих EDR та антивірусних рішеннях, показуючи, як вони можуть бути використані для вимкнення або обходу цих критично важливих засобів захисту, залишаючи системи вразливими. Крім того, розглядається розробка генераторів шкідливого програмного забезпечення з використанням методів машинного навчання. Ці інструменти, здатні створювати адаптивне шкідливе програмне забезпечення, призначене для обходу поточних заходів безпеки, визнані як такі, що знаменують собою складну еволюцію в наступальних можливостях. Для боротьби з цими загрозами пропонується комплексна стратегія безпеки, що охоплює концепції нульової довіри, глибинної оборони і принципу посилення безпеки. Відповідно до моделі нульової довіри, необхідна сувора перевірка всіх запитів на доступ, незалежно від їх походження. Глибокий захист характеризується впровадженням декількох рівнів безпеки в ІТ-середовищі, в той час як принцип посилення безпеки зосереджується на зміцненні систем і додатків для зменшення вразливостей і кількості векторів атак.
LSB МЕТОДИ ПРИХОВАНОЇ ПЕРЕДАЧІ ПОВІДОМЛЕНЬ У ТЕЛЕКОМУНІКА-ЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМАХ
Authors: Слободянюк Олександр , Костромицький Андрій , Чебаненко Віктор , Дігтярь Микола , Онипченко Павло
Published: October 2024

Методи приховування повідомлень спрямовані на забезпечення безпеки передачі конфіденційної інформації, роблячи її недоступною для несанкціонованого доступу та виявлення. Одним із таких методів є стеганографія, яка використовує мультимедійні дані для приховування секретних повідомлень. Зображення, текстові документи та аудіодані найчастіше слугують контейнерами для стеганографічного приховування інформації. Основною перевагою стеганографії є її здатність доповнювати шифрування, роблячи дані менш очевидними для виявлення. Це дозволяє приховувати існування самого факту передачі секретної інформації, додаючи додатковий рівень захисту. Стеганографія використовує мультимедійні дані, такі як зображення, текстові документи або аудіодані, для вбудовування секретних повідомлень. За допомогою спеціальних алгоритмів, стеганографічні методи дозволяють вбудовувати інформацію у медіафайли таким чином, що її неможливо виявити без відповідних ключів або методів декодування. Вона доповнює шифрування, підвищуючи рівень безпеки передачі інформації завдяки додатковому рівню захисту. Шифрування перетворює дані на нечитабельний формат, зрозумілий лише тому, хто має відповідний ключ для дешифрування. Стеганографія, в свою чергу, дозволяє приховати сам факт існування закодованих даних, роблячи їх непомітними для потенційного зловмисника. Це значно ускладнює завдання для тих, хто намагається перехопити або втрутитися у процес передачі інформації. Ефективність стеганографії визначається такими аспектами, як місткість, безпека та надійність прихованих даних. Місткість вказує на здатність методу вміщати достатню кількість секретної інформації без помітного збільшення розміру контейнера. Це особливо важливо, оскільки значне збільшення розміру файлу може викликати підозру і привернути увагу. Безпека означає здатність забезпечити високий рівень невидимості даних, щоб прихована інформація залишалася непомітною для сторонніх спостерігачів. Надійність стосується стійкості до змін або атак на приховану інформацію, включаючи спроби виявлення та видалення прихованих даних.
EVALUATING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VTSM SPECTRUM SENSING METHOD IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS
Authors: Soproniuk Ivan , Komar Oleksii
Published: October 2024

The article investigates the complexities associated with spectrum analysis in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). It begins by acknowledging the evolving challenges of spectrum sensing due to the dynamic nature of wireless environments and the increasing demand for efficient spectrum utilization. The study thoroughly examines various traditional spectrum sensing methods, including Energy Detector Based Sensing, Waveform-Based Sensing, Cyclostationarity-Based Sensing, and Matched Filtering.
The focus of the research is on the Variable Time Segment Monitoring (VTSM) method, a novel approach that optimizes spectrum sensing by dynamically adjusting the time segments used for analyzing spectral characteristics. The paper highlights the VTSM method's ability to enhance detection accuracy and reduce false alarms by adapting to different signal environments, making it particularly suited for complex and dynamic CRN scenarios.
Furthermore, the article compares VTSM with traditional methods across key performance metrics such as detection accuracy, false alarm rate, latency, and computational complexity. The analysis reveals that while traditional methods have their strengths, VTSM offers a balanced approach, combining flexibility, accuracy, and moderate computational demands, thereby providing a versatile solution for modern spectrum sensing challenges. The findings contribute to the broader understanding and advancement of cognitive radio technologies, supporting the development of more robust and efficient spectrum sensing solutions, which are crucial for optimizing network performance and ensuring reliable communication in increasingly congested and complex wireless environments.
The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate spectrum sensing method based on the specific requirements of the CRN application, considering factors such as accuracy, computational resources, and environmental dynamics. The findings contribute to the broader understanding and advancement of cognitive radio technologies, supporting the development of more robust and efficient spectrum sensing solutions.