bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistical Estimates of the Number of Progenitors in Russian Regions
Authors: Bagirova Anna Petrovna , Shubat Oksana Mikhailovna
Published: January 2021

The paper explores the phenomenon of grandparen-tal labor as the activity of grandparents in relation to their grandchildren, the content of which is care, assistance to grandchildren, and their development. Methodological principles for estimating the number of actors of grandparental labor are formulated. On the basis of statistical data, the age of entry into the grandparenting is estimated, and the proportion of grandparents actively engaged in grandparental labor in the regions of Russia is calculated. The re-sults show that the involvement of women in grandparental labor is higher than that of men, and there is a positive correlation between these indica-tors; in Russia, there is a high regional differentia-tion of the involvement of grandparents in grandpa-rental labor. Creating conditions for the activation of grandparental labor in the Russian regions would increase the values of the active longevity index and get all the positive effects that arise in society when the involvement of grandparents in the life of their grandchildren increases.
PREVENTION OVERWEIGHT OF POPULATION UNDER QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS DURING A PANDEMIC
Authors: Minenok Antonina , Kiiko Tetiana , Donets Ihor
Published: January 2021

The article highlights the negative trends of deteriorating health of the population in our country, which requires a responsible attitude of society and the state to strengthen and preserve the health. It becomes necessary to identify new approaches and develop programs of problems solving in the field of public health, because the current system of health care in Ukraine does not actually provide a preventive component, as it is stated in the Concept of Public Health System Development. It is noted that among a number of dangerous diseases and other important health problems, the problem of overweight remains relevant for all age groups and has no boundaries. One of the causes of overweight and obesity is the disturbance of the energy balance between the calories consumed and the calories expended, that is, excessive consumption of high-calorie foods and low levels of physical activity, especially during a pandemic. Ensuring the health and well-being of people is one of the most important goals of the world community, reflected in the basis of European policy. The achievement of European standards of quality of life and well-being of the population is one of the main tasks defined by the Strategy for Sustainable Development «Ukraine–2020». The main directions of reforms should be to increase the personal responsibility of citizens for their own health, ensuring their free choice of health-care providers of appropriate quality, the provision of targeted assistance to the most vulnerable segments of the population, and the creation of a business-friendly environment in the health-care market. Theoretical studies on the choice of efficient methods for studying overweight suggest that scientists have proposed dozens of different approaches, including both simple measurements and the most modern and expensive. But the the definition of the body mass index (BMI) remains the most convenient. This index is more closely related to the fat content of the human body than other anthropometric body mass-to-height ratios, and is therefore widely used in clinical practice. The dynamics have been investigated and important questions of preventive action on overweight and obesity have been pointed out, the reasons for the increase of the respondent body weight have been indicated, and recommendations have been made for the preservation of individual health in the context of a pandemic.
PREGNANCY AS A FACTOR OF EMOTIONAL INSTABILITY OF WOMEN
Authors: Prokofieva-Akopova Svetlana
Published: January 2021

The article substantiates the relevance of the study of negative emotional states, emotional reactions and stress during pregnancy as an important and difficult period in the life of women of reproductive age. The features of psychoemotional changes in women regarding the fetal development have been highlighted and the most common emotional states of pregnant women have been identified. The aim of the study was to study the emotional sphere of women during pregnancy as the early motherhood period and to develop a comprehensive psychocorrectional program aimed at psycho-emotional and social adaptation of women during pregnancy and childbirth. Such research methods as diagnostic questionnaire of current state (situational, reactive anxiety), anxiety determination as a personality trait and also the study of probability and level of neuroticism were used. Testing was performed for the differential diagnosis of depressive states, for screening and diagnostics tests in mass studies and for the purpose of preliminary, pre-medical diagnostic. Based on the initial questionnaire, it was found that almost all surveyed women found that their emotional saturation of life became more turbulent and unpredictable. Further research has been found that reactive anxiety of pregnant women is expressed mainly at a low level (89,2%) and personal is at a high level (46,8%). It has been found that mostly all pregnant women have no depression (83,5%), that is, these women do not have a global ill-being and there are only some aspects of the negative manifestations. It has been investigated that the predominant level of neuroticism is average (87,3% of respondents). This is determined by the fact that not all women were sincere, because they have a strong attitude to optimism, calm state during childbirth and they are characterized by idealization of their state. Thus, the study convincingly showed that pregnancy has a certain effect on the psyche. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the recommendations for a psycho-correctional program for working with women during pregnancy have been developed.
KONSEPTUALISASI DESTINASI WISATA PINTAR
Authors: Ananta Permadi Raden Willy
Published: January 2021

Istilah pintar mewakili kata pemasaran untuk semua hal yang ada tertanam atau ditingkatkan oleh teknologi. Satu konsep cerdas, yang telah didapat momentum dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, adalah Smart City. Ini terutama berfokus pada cara meningkatkan kualitas hidup warga dengan menggunakan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi gies (ICT). Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dimensi mana kecuali teknologi kritis untuk pengembangan Smart Citydan Destinasi wisata Cerdas. Mengikuti beberapa pendekatan studi kasus, makalah ini mengembangkan kerangka kerja untuk kecerdasan di kota-kota dan destinasi wisata. Penelitian eksplorasi ini berpendapat bahwa kepemimpinan, inovasi, dan modal sosial yang didukung oleh modal manusia adalah konstruksi fundamental kecerdasan. Aplikasi teknologi dan TIK enabler, yang mendukung konstruksi inti tujuan cerdas. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah untuk membahas bagaimana mengubah 'kecerdasan' ke pariwisata dan level yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci; Smart City, TIK, Destinasi Wisata Pintar, Teknologi
PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE REVIEW SEBAGAI PENILAIAN KEPUASAN PENGUNJUNG DALAM PARIWISATA
Authors: Haq Fathia Uqimul
Published: January 2021

Google review merupakan salah satu dari fitur Google maps. Fitur sederhana yang mampu berdampak besar ini digunakan untuk memberi nilai angka dan ulasan berupa teks dan foto pada sebuah tempat. Di era big data ini, pengguna dengan mudah memberikan nilai sesuai dengan faktor-faktor kepuasan pengunjung. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana google review menjadi fitur untuk menilai kepuasan pengunjung dalam pariwisata. Metode penelitian menggunakan kajian literatur yang diambil dari jurnal, pustaka, dan media massa. Temuan dari penelitian ini google review dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana evaluasi dini dalam sebuah sektor bisnis pariwisata untuk meningkatkan pelayanan daring. Diharapkan bisnis pariwisata saat ini bukan hanya memberikan pelayanan produk nyata saat pengunjung datang, tetapi mampu melayani melalui daring untuk membangun reputasi baik di hadapan warganet atau calon pengunjung.Kata kunci; Google review, kepuasan pengunjung, pariwisata.
Interpretasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Awaludin
Published: January 2021

Kebijakan pembangunan kepariwisataan Indonesia berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan politiknya. Dua undang-undang tentang kepariwisataan, yaitu UU 9/1990 dan UU 10/2009 merupakan produk kebijakan pembangunan kepariwisataan Indonesia. Keduanya dihasilkan dalam kondisi politik yang berbeda. Tujuan kebijakan pembangunan kepariwisataan Indonesia adalah mewujudkan tujuan nasional bangsa Indonesia melalui pembangunan kepariwisataan. Tujuan nasional bangsa Indonesia tersurat dan tersirat dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami perkembangan paradigma kebijakan pembangunan kepariwisataan di Indonesia melalui pemaknaan terhadap UU 9/1990 dan UU 10/2009 yang dikaitkan dengan tujuan nasional bangsa Indonesia. Untuk memahami hal tersebut diperlukan interpretasi terhadap kedua kebijakan tersebut dengan mengaitkannya pada esensi Pembukaan UUD 1945. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kepustakaan. Analisis datanya menggunakan metode hermeneutika Dilthey berupa kegiatan yang bersifat triadik terhadap ketiga sisi yang saling berhubungan dan saling berdialektik, yaitu teks kebijakan, pengalaman mental pembuatnya, dan subjek yang meginterpretasikannya. Makna teks kebijakan dipahami melalui sejarah pembuat dan pembuatannya, sedangkan subjek yang menginterpretasikannya harus memasuki jiwa zaman masa pembuatan teks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pembangunan kepariwisataan tahun 1990 sejalan dengan tujuan bangsa Indonesia, karena paradigma persatuan dan kekeluargaan masih diusung oleh kebijakan itu. Kebijakan pembangunan kepariwisataan tahun 2009 mulai berbelok menjauh dari tujuan bangsa Indonesia, karena telah dibawa ke paradigma persaingan bebas yang mengabaikan aspek kekeluargaan.
Fenómenos de vacilación, sus contextos léxicos y sintácticos en entrevistas formales de legisladores a ciudadanos en el Congreso de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Quesada Nieto Luis Bernardo
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo, resultado de un análisis de corte etnográfico, tiene como propósito ofrecer una aproximación al contenido léxico y los entornos sintácticos de algunos fenómenos de vacilación (sonidos breves, repeticiones, sonidos largos, alargamientos de palabra, palabras cortadas y frases cortadas), identificados en una muestra extraída de un corpus constituido por entrevistas realizadas por un grupo de legisladores del Congreso de la Ciudad de México a aspirantes ciudadanos a ocupar el cargo de ombudsperson de la Comisión de Derechos Humanos de esa ciudad. A partir de una descripción léxico-sintáctica se exponen algunas reflexiones sobre su valor lingüístico y comunicativo, y se propone una interpretación de sus patrones de ocurrencia en las respuestas a preguntas hechas en estas entrevistas formales, basada en su grado de planificación discursiva, en la clase de palabra que interactúa con dichos fenómenos y en el concepto de repertorio según ha sido empleado en la teoría de translanguaging. Hacia las conclusiones se observa que los fenómenos estudiados y su distribución están directamente relacionados con palabras de la clase abierta, y con el esfuerzo cognitivo de producir mensajes gramaticales, precisos y socialmente apropiados.
El pasado casi nunca queda atrás: gestualidad y expresión del tiempo en español
Authors: Escobar L.-Dellamary Luis Daniel , Ramírez Italia
Published: January 2021

Diversos estudios han descrito patrones de expresión del tiempo en términos del espacio que distinguen a las lenguas del mundo. Mientras que expresiones como ‘deja el pasado atrás’ muestran un patrón común a lenguas como el español y el inglés, otras lenguas, como el aymara y el chino mandarín, pueden expresar el pasado situado al frente o arriba, respectivamente. No obstante, al observar con mayor detalle el alcance de estos patrones, se evidencia también que la gestualidad y la lengua son componentes complementarios del lenguaje y no sirven los mismos propósitos comunicativos. Mientras que un hablante puede expresar oralmente que un evento futuro está frente a él, gestualmente puede ubicarlo a su derecha. En el presente estudio describimos a la gestualidad que participa en las expresiones temporales en español, mostrando cómo la caracterización de las lenguas según sus distintos marcos referenciales tempoespaciales no describe adecuadamente los recursos observados en las interacciones comunicativas. Los hablantes, fuera de algunas expresiones orales y, más frecuentemente, de la lengua escrita, no reproducen patrones del tipo el pasado atrás en una conversación y, en cambio, ubican gestualmente a los eventos en distintas zonas del espacio de acuerdo con su percepción y representación: la posición de su interlocutor, la representación de las relaciones espaciales y, en general, claves de las características perceptuales del evento. Los resultados de este estudio coinciden con otros trabajos que parten de una perspectiva según la cual las representaciones conceptuales sobre el tiempo y el espacio no son únicas ni fijas, sino múltiples y emergentes, respondiendo a distintos contextos de interacción. Se presenta una perspectiva diferente de la gestualidad, según la cual, su papel en el lenguaje es la expresión de la información perceptual, icónica o metafórica, que solo ocasionalmente interviene en la codificación lingüística del tiempo.
Un balance crítico de los estudios lingüísticos del ódami (tepehuano del norte): De Rinaldini a la contribución de los hablantes nativos
Authors: Gil Burgoin Carlos Ivanhoe
Published: January 2021

El tepehuano del norte u ódami es una lengua de la rama tepimana de la familia yutoazteca. Este documento proporciona un balance crítico de los estudios de la lengua actualmente disponibles y propone tres etapas en el desarrollo de su tradición descriptiva. Además, identifica las áreas de estudio futuro más importantes y que resultan de particular interés descriptivo y teórico.
Bart Demuyt and Ann Kelders, “Patrimoine éparpillé: Les fragments de l'antiphonaire de Beaupré,” Science connection 58 (2018), 10–14 (www.scienceconnection.be)
Authors: Stones Alison
Published: January 2021

Presentation of: Bart Demuyt and Ann Kelders, “Patrimoine éparpillé: Les fragments de l’antiphonaire de Beaupré,” Science connection, 58, 2018, p. 10-14 (www.scienceconnection.be).
In situ Manuscript Fragments in the Incunables of the Bodleian Library, Oxford: A Fragmentarium Case Study
Authors: Mullett Ruth
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the objectives, methodology, and outcomes of the Fragmentarium case study to catalogue in situ manuscript fragments in the incunables of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Drawing on summary information provided within the 2005 incunable catalogue, A Catalogue of Books Printed in the Fifteenth Century now in the Bodleian Library, the descriptions produced consider these fragments within their functional contexts. Here, the author argues that considering in situ fragments as constituent parts of their host volumes offers meaningful contribution to the material study of the book.
Virgilio Vaticano. Uno stress-test per Fragmentarium
Authors: Napoletano Roberta
Published: January 2021

An account of building on Fragmentarium a reconstruction of a large, original, and fragmentary text, the Vergilius Vaticanus (Città del Vaticano, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vat. lat. 3225), and presenting it in Fragmentarium (F-hksh).
Manuscript Fragments in the University Library, Leipzig: Types and Cataloguing Patterns
Authors: Dobcheva Ivana , Mackert Christoph
Published: January 2021

Fragments constitute a major part of the holdings of the the University Library of Leipzig (UBL), with some 800 loose fragments, at least 600 fragments in situ in incunabula, and an unknown number bound in manuscript volumes and sixteenth-eighteenth century prints. Over a series of projects working with detached and in situ fragments, the Leipzig Manuscript Centre developed a description scheme for manuscript fragments in its collection. A Fragmentarium case study provided the opportunity to test this scheme for its efficiency in producing useful information for specialists. As a result, in 2017 the case study published on Fragmentarium over 250 fragments with description, including some scholarly significant finds that are already having an impact.
Membra disiecta from a Transylvanian Antiphonal in Budapest and Cluj
Authors: Gilányi Gabriella , Papahagi Adrian
Published: January 2021

This article discusses four fragments from a fifteenth-century antiphonal with Hungarian chant notation. Two of these membra disiecta are kept at the National Archives of Hungary, and at the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, and are well-known to scholars of medieval music and liturgy. Two further fragments have recently been identified in the bindings of printed books at the Library of the Romanian Academy, in Cluj, and are studied here for the first time. The authors suggest that the original choir book was used in Transylvania and was possibly dismembered in the former Benedictine abbey of Cluj-Mănăștur in the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century.
Zwei karolingische Fragmente von nicht identifizierten Predigtsammlungen
Authors: Dorfbauer Lukas J.
Published: January 2021

The present paper offers discussions of two Carolingian fragments of sermon collections now at the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich (clm 29319/3 and 29319/40), based on the first identification of their contents. It is demonstrated that clm 29319/3 originally belonged to the same book as the liturgical fragment clm 29304/1; this lost book, which served as exemplar for the famous Benedictionale Frisingense (clm 6430), may turn out to be of major importance for the study of a sermon formerly attributed to Eligius of Noyon (CPL 2096). It is also demonstrated that clm 29319/40, directly or indirectly, served as the exemplar for the hitherto only known copy of an early medieval sermon (Doctrina populorum; CPPM 1A, 2360) in clm 14380. The text of this sermon is printed here for the first time; its sources and also its use in Carolingian sermons (e.g. in a sermonary by Hrabanus Maurus) are discussed.
Trophic Links of the Blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758) in Transformed Forest Ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Chaplygina Anzhela , Pakhomov Oleksandr
Published: January 2021

The blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Turdidae) diet was studied to contribute to the conservation of the species population in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: 3 model sites in the oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and 1 model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 44 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (78.1%, n = 1075), were found. The order Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed. In the diet of blackbird nestlings, the highest number of taxa (37.1–52.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (58.8–72.0%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the blackbird foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated a crucial role of T. merula in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.
Hepatic encephalopathy: Diagnosis and management
Authors: Ridola Lorenzo , Faccioli Jessica , Nardelli Silvia , Gioia Stefania , Riggio Oliviero
Published: January 2021

Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by severe hepatocellular failure or presence of portal-systemic shunts in patients with liver cirrhosis. In its subclinical form, called “minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), only psychometric tests or electrophysiological evaluation can reveal alterations in attention, working memory, psychomotor speed and visuospatial ability, while clinical neurological signs are lacking. The term “covert” (CHE) has been recently used to unify MHE and Grade I HE in order to refer to a condition that is not unapparent but also non overt. “Overt” HE (OHE) is characterized by personality changes, progressive disorientation in time and space, acute confusional state, stupor and coma. Based on its time course, OHE can be divided in Episodic, Recurrent or Persistent. Episodic HE is generally triggered by one or more precipitant factors that should be found and treated. Unlike MHE, clinical examination and clinical decision are crucial for OHE diagnosis and West Haven criteria are widely used to assess the severity of neurological dysfunction. Primary prophylaxis of OHE is indicated only in the patient with gastrointestinal bleeding using non-absorbable antibiotics (Rifaximin) or non-absorbable disaccharides (Lactulose). Treatment of OHE is based on the identification and correction of precipitating factors and starting empirical ammonia-lowering treatment with Rifaximin and Lactulose (per os and enemas). The latter should be used for secondary prophylaxis, adding Rifaximin if HE becomes recurrent. In recurrent/persistent HE, the treatment options include fecal transplantation, TIPS revision and closure of eventual splenorenal shunts. Treatment of MHE should be individualized on a case-by-case basis.
Progress of clinical evaluation for vascular aging in humans
Authors: Qiu Yumin , Liu Yuanya , Tao Jun
Published: January 2021

Human society is experiencing a serious aging process. Age-related arteriosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are the most common cause of deaths around the world and bring a huge burden on the whole society. Vascular aging-related pathological alterations of the vasculature play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASCVD and morbidity and mortality of older adults. In this review, we describe the progress of clinical evaluation of vascular aging in humans, including functional evaluation, structural assessment, and cellular molecular markers. The significance of detection for vascular aging is highlighted, and we call for close attention to the evaluation for a better quality of life in the elderly population.
The use of electroencephalography in patients with sepsis: A review of the literature
Authors: Pantzaris Nikolaos-Dimitrios , Platanaki Christina , Tsiotsios Konstantinos , Koniari Ioanna , Velissaris Dimitrios
Published: January 2021

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is the term used to define brain dysfunction related to infections that are principally located outside the central nervous system (CNS). A number of published studies report that electroencephalography (EEG) has been used in the evaluation of patients with sepsis, alone or usually in combination, to evoked potentials and neuroimaging. This was in an effort to assess if EEG can be a tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of the neurological status in sepsis patients. Although there is no specific test for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis related encephalopathy, our literature review suggests that EEG has a role in the assessment of this clinical entity. Due to its low cost and simplicity in its performance, EEG could be a potential aid in the assessment of sepsis neurological complications even in the early, subclinical stages of the syndrome. The aim of this review is to summarize the published literature regarding the application and utility of electroencephalography in adult patients with sepsis.
Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Detection of Bovine Rotavirus a in Calf Feces
Authors: Barua Shama Ranjan , Islam Shariful , Siddiki А.М.А.М. Zonaed , Masuduzzaman Md , Hossain Mohammad Alamgir , Chowdhury Sharmin
Published: January 2021

Bovine rotavirus A (BRVA) is a frequent causative agent of diarrhea in neonatal calves. Accurate and rapid diagnosis is crucial to prevent calf mortality from BRVA induced diarrhea. Currently, variety of diagnostic methods are being used to detect BRVA from calves’ feces: antibody-based rapid test and ELISA, and molecular-based RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of the rapid test (Immunochromatography), ELISA, and RT-PCR assays, using RT-qPCR as the gold standard, in detection of BRVA in diarrheic calves’ fecal samples. One hundred (n=100) clinically diarrheic fecal samples were tested with four different diagnostic tools. The percent of samples positive by rapid test, ELISA, RT-PCR and RT-qPCR was 10%, 16%, 17%, and 33%, respectively. The agreement between different assays was 75% to 99%. The highest agreement was observed between ELISA and RT-PCR assay (99%). The lowest agreement was recorded (75%) between rapid test and RT-qPCR. The sensitivity of the rapid test, ELISA, and RT-PCR were 30%, 49%, and 52%, respectively when compared to the reference test (RT-qPCR), whereas specificity was 100% for all assays. In conclusion, none of the frequently used diagnostic tests showed a satisfactory level of sensitivity to identify BRVA in calves’ feces. Therefore, the use of a more sensitive rapid test should be used to identify infected calves in field conditions in order to prevent calf mortality from rotaviral diarrhea.
The beauty of continuous development of the nurse as the beauty of nursing as an art
Authors: Pucko Zygmunt , Przybek-Mita Joanna
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Looking from a philosophical perspective at the continuous process of the nurse’s education, one can see in it a dimension that has not yet been brought to light. Meanwhile, it gives the nurse greater splendour and respect. It also changes the perception of the nurse in collective consciousness and creates her new image in the cultural code. This aspect is beauty, which also defines nursing understood as an art. The theoretical frame of this consideration is the concept of aesthetics of Cyprian Kamil Norwid. His approach determines the aesthetic shade of the nurse’s continuous development and legitimizes the aesthetic status of such thought categories as e.g. dynamism, purposefulness, proportionality, depth, originality, complementation, rigor or asceticism. It also authorizes the identification of nursing with art and opens the door for contemporary explanations of such identification.

Aim. To show the beauty of the continuous development of the nurse. Indication of the constitutive features of the beauty of continuous learning. An attempt to justify giving nursing the title of an art.

Method. Phenomenological method. This method was developed by Edmund Husserl and consists in viewing and describing a phenomenon or an object given to the researcher by eye. The purpose of this method is to get to the essence of the cognitively understood object and to recognize it clearly and distinctly. Capturing the quintessence of a phenomenon or an object is achieved through phenomenological reduction, meaning presuppositionlessness in the research approach and the so-called eidetic view.

Conclusions. The permanent continuum of the nurse’s development process has an aesthetic value. Nursing has been elevated to the rank of art for several decades. The introduction of nursing to the pantheon of an art is proved from various points of view. Nursing understood as an art does not yet have a consistent theory or precise conceptual grid. Based on the resultant of many arguments, this ennoblement of nursing is difficult to challenge.
Forced settlement of Vlach Roma in Žatec and Louny in the late 1950s
Authors: Hajská Markéta
Published: January 2021

The author of the study presents a micro-historical study of a family of Vlach Roma (Lovára) of western Slovakian origin, who were one of the few Romani groups still on the move in the mid-1950s and who in the late 1950s were forced to settle in the towns of Louny and Žatec in north-western Bohemia. Against this background the author focuses on some aspects of the Czechoslovak assimilation policy of the 1950s regarding ‘itinerant Gypsies’, designed to limit their mobility, which is represented mainly by the implementation of the Law on the Permanent Settlement of Itinerant Persons (No. 74/1958 Coll.). Using a combination of oral history methods involving Vlach Romani narrators and of archival research, the author clarifies some aspects of the local process of the implementation of the above-mentioned law and of selected impacts of the registration of travelling and semi-travelling people in February 1959. The forced sedentarization which occurred in the two localities under study is presented in the context of the regime of state socialism and the policies of central as well as local authorities towards so-called ‘travelling Gypsies’ in the late 1950s.
(Im)mobility Subcontracted: Nesting Hierarchies, Uneven Distributions and the ‘Roma Inclusion’ Projects in Europe
Authors: Grill Jan
Published: January 2021

This paper explores social mobilities and trajectories in relation to particular mechanisms of subcontracting and of unequal distribution of capitals in the emerging field of EU funded projects for poor and socially excluded populations in Europe. It discusses some of the struggles for possible mobilities and its limits amidst continuing production and reproduction of privileges, disadvantages and structural orders in these project-cum-policy worlds constraints. By examining a particular case of a large-scale and multi-sited project and other similar project schemes, described by some of its proponents as one of the most ‘participatory’ projects for Roma in Europe, the article illustrates particular mechanisms of power and knowledge reproduction that facilitates some kinds of mobilities while also reproducing certain constraints and limits on these possibilities (for some subjects and some social trajectories). It develops an ethnographic critique of situated and nesting hierarchies of management and brokerage leading to reproduction of particular setups, privileges, unequal economic distribution and (mis)recognitions of capitals, which allows for particular emergence of particular kinds of contested ‘expertise’ in the uneven field of so-called ‘Roma inclusion’.
Private military and security companies in international law
Authors: Skuratova A. Yu. , Korolkova E. E.
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION.The article analyses the sources of international law, national legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as that of certain foreign States regulating the operation of private military and security companies (PMSCs) in armed conflict. The article highlights the out-comes of the work of the UN Special Rapporteurs and Working Groups to study the activity of PMSCs and the impact it had on the observance of human rights. The authors further analyze the status of PMSC personnel under international humanitarian law. The article also looks at the positions expressed by the delegations of Member States during the discussion of the 2010 Draft Convention on Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and provides recommendations for developing an appropriate international regulatory framework. The authors also examined State practice of the implementation of the The Montreux Document on Pertinent International Legal Obligations and Good Practices for Statesт Related to Operations of Private Military and Security Companies During Armed Conflict related to the operation of private military and security companies during armed conflict.

MATERIALS AND METHODS.The article contains an analysis of the main sources of international law, the documents drafted by the United Nations International Law Commission, special rapporteurs and working groups on the matter, and State practice. It also addresses Russian and foreign legal scholarship. From a methodological perspective, this study relied on the general scientific (analysis, synthesis, systemic approach) and private legal methods of knowledge (formal-legal, comparative legal studies).

RESEARCH RESULTS.Based on the study, it is argued that an international treaty should be adopted to regulate the activities of PMSCs, which would establish mechanisms to monitor and hold PMSCs and their employees legally accountable.
The electoral process and forms of manipulation in the epoch of the digital transformation of the society: risks, threats and opposition
Authors: Ten Ekaterina
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются процессы, связанные с цифровой трансформацией политической коммуникации, их влияние на избирательный процесс и формы манипулирования общественным мнением. Аргументируется, что современная политическая коммуникация и общественная система в целом подвержены воздействию процесса внедрения и развития цифровых технологий. Автор доказывает, что внедрение инновационных технологий в политическую коммуникацию кардинально меняет специфику, направленность и характер взаимодействий в избирательном процессе. Отдельно в работе анализируются формы манипулирования в политическом процессе современных обществ, раскрыты роль и значение цифровых систем и технологий в электоральном процессе, определены возможные способы противодействия «цифровому манипулированию». Ключевые слова и словосочетания: электоральный процесс, цифровизация избирательного процесса, противодействие цифровому манипулированию, манипуляция.
The image of the Russian political elite in the video game «Metro Exodus»
Authors: Belov Sergey
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются образы российской политической элиты и власти в России во Вселенной Метро, созданной писателем Дмитрием Глуховским. В данном мире действия разворачиваются в 2036 году, спустя 20 лет после атомной войны. Люди, спасшиеся в московском метро, решают найти других выживших, но на их пути встречаются различные препятствия в виде лиц, облеченных властью или обслуживающих её интересы. В ходе исследования автор приходит к выводам, что в видеоигре «Metro Exodus» поли- тические элиты России будущего и стран постсоветского пространства показаны обманывающими простое население в ущерб интересам представителей последних, руководители церкви тормозят развитие общества и используют своё положение в корыст- ных целях, а олигархия, эксплуатирующая нефтяные месторождения, монополизирует доходы от природных ресурсов и лишает гражданских прав местное население. По признаниям сценариста игры Дмитрия Глуховского, в игре проводятся прямые парал- лели с современной Россией. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: видеоигра, Метро, «Metro Exodus», Дмитрий Глуховский, политическая элита, власть.
Formation of the gastronomic cultural space of the Far East by Korean immigrants
Authors: Den Valeriya , Konopleva Nina
Published: January 2021

Статья посвящена исследованию формирования гастрономического пространства в аспекте этнического взаимодействия корейских переселенцев и дальневосточных жителей. Установлено, что гастрономическое пространство Дальнего Востока сформировалось под влиянием ряда факторов: экономических, природно-климатических, социально-демо- графических и культурных. В работе использован исторический подход к исследованию культурного взаимопроникновения, который объясняется тем, что одновременно является результатом прошлого и важным фактором будущего инновационного развития территории. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: культурная среда, гастрономическое пространство, культурное пространство, Дальний Восток России, культурное взаимодействие.
Investigation Of Best Potting Media To Enhance Flowering Performance Of Petunia Hybrida
Authors:   Department Of Agricultural And Plantation Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering Technology, The Open University Of Sri Lanka, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka, HGAMP Madurangani
Published: January 2021

Petunia hybrida is a worldwide most popular annual bedding ornamental plants and economically profitable potted plants. Potting media is most important factor which plays a key role of root growth, vegetative growth and quality production dependent on a relatively small volume of the medium. Hence present study was conducted to evaluate the best potting media to enhance flowering performance of Petunia hybrida. The experiment was conducted at the plant house located at botanical garden, Gampaha by using Petunia variety of F1 multi. Fenice.
Influence Of Organic Matrix And Cations On Bio-Methane Yield With Anthracite Methanogenic Consortium
Authors:   Xuzhou Hongqiao New Energy Group Co., Ltd, Hou Yong
Published: January 2021

Organic compounds fermentation of coal has been used to generate secondary biogenic gas and enhance gas reservoirs in coal bed. To enhance the bio-degradation process, culture nutrition plays an important role in remediating the nutritional deficiency of the coal seam. The influence of bio-methane yield with organic inputs and cation concentrations was examined. Research of organic matrix influence revealed that the traditional organic material except yeast extract should forbid, and the input of yeast extract should limit at 1.00g/L also. Further, the study demonstrated that the ion concentration of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and ammonia nitrogen also influenced methane and carbon dioxide yields. And the optimize concentrations for Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+ were 5.1, 1.7, 23 and 1.3 mmol/L. The Mg2+ was particularly sensitive in inhibiting CH4 metabolism processes largely for gas-coal methanogenic consortium.
The Quality And Effect Of Borehole Water Proliferation In Benin City, Nigeria And Its Public Health Significance
Authors:   University Of Benin, Okhuebor Shadrach Osalumhense
Published: January 2021

Water is life, essential for human existence, and its importance for individual health as well as the well-being of a nation and access to good quality water cannot be overemphasized. Waer makes up about 70% of the earth’s surface and about 97% of this volume of earth’s surface water is contained in the oceans, only about 0.3-0.8% makes up underground water. Ground water is the water beneath the surface where all the voids in the rocks and soil are filled. It is a source of water for wells, boreholes and springs. A borehole is a hydraulic structure which when properly designed and constructed, permits the economic withdrawal of water from an aquifer. It is a narrow well drilled with machine. Due to the poor investments of the Nigerian government in water supply, many have resulted in construction of boreholes as an alternative source of portable water. Benin City is located in Edo State, southern Nigeria with a growing population. There is a high degree of borehole proliferation as housing development projects are on the increase. There is hardly any residential house, office or business building that does not have a constructed borehole in Benin City. As the population of Benin City continues to rise, human activities including soil fertility remediation, indiscriminate refuse and waste disposal, and the use of septic tanks, soak-away pits and pit latrines are on the increase. These activities are capable of producing leachates into the groundwater formation that serve as source of water to the inhabitants in the City. Proliferation and Contamination of groundwater can pose a serious public health risk and as well as a long term environmental hazard. It is therefore recommended the Edo State government look urgently at this issue and provide solutions to safeguard the health of the citizens and the environment. It is drawn conclusively stated that the proliferation of boreholes in Benin City, may lead to a long term environmental hazard and as well as pose a potential serious public health concern. The objective of this study is to elucidate the effect of the proliferation of boreholes in Benin City and public heath significance.
Datafication and Public Service Media.
Authors: Murschetz Paul Clemens
Published: January 2021

The chapter explores the challenges of datafication as a new paradigm in the digital transformation of Public Service Media (PSM). It argues that while datafication is principally identified as a core dimension of the current transformation of television broadcasting, with data becoming a dominant paradigm also for PSM, we still have scant scientific insight into the conditions under which it is likely to be culturally, economically, legally and politically consequential for broadcasting. Furthermore, how, if at all, it might impact on PSM values and thereby be socially consequential as a new paradigm that enforces prosocial rather than techno-economic values that are beneficial for audiences-as-citizens and society at large. It reviews scholarly literature on key challenges of datafication for television broadcasting; and advances three key proposition regarding its potential effects on PSM values in the digital era, which describe where the tensions lie and therefore where the attention of PSM research and practice should best be focused.
JUSTIFICATION FOR ESTABLISHING THE PRIMARY AND CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS IN THE GROUP OF DISEASES – ACUTE PSYCHOTROPIC DRUG POISONING
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Gavrikov Pavel Pavlovich , Yatsinyuk Boris Borisovich ,   Khanty-Mansi clinical neuropsychiatric hospital, Zhidkov Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich , Barats Ekaterina Alekseevna , Volkova Natalia Аnatolevna
Published: January 2021

The study, based on clinical observations of a group of specialists (toxicologists, anesthesiologists, resuscitators), reflects the course of clinical symptoms that occur in acute poisoning with new psychotropic drugs (alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone). The article provides a rationale for establishing primary and clinical diagnoses that reflect the quality of medical care in patients in this nosological group of diseases, evaluated on the basis of Federal clinical recommendations and orders of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation.
SYSTEMIC THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN THE REGIONAL VASCULAR CENTER OF KHANTY-MANSIYSK
Authors:   Regional clinical hospital, Anishchenko Lyudmila Ivanovna , Molchanova Zhanna Ivanovna , Sokolova Azaliya Aisarovna , Tupilenko Oksana Petrovna ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy,   Regional clinical hospital, Shсhedukhina Elena Viktorovna , Romanovskaia Natalia Sergeevna , Rapgof Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Pavlyukova Alena Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2021

The retrospective analysis was made and based on the medical records of 60 people with ischemic stroke treated at the regional vascular center of the Regional clinical hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, for the period from 2017–2019 was Performed using the method of systemic thrombolytic therapy to further optimize the provision of specialized medical care to patients with stroke.
THE STRUCTURE OF THE NEPHRONS OF THE KIDNEYS OF PREMATURE INFANTS WITH EXTREMELY AND VERY LOW BODY WEIGHT, BORN AS A RESULT OF VERY EARLY PRETERM BIRTH AT THE POST-CONCEPTUAL AGE
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Yanin Vladimir Leonidovich , Soloviev Georgy Sergeevich ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Ugleva Tatiana Nikolaevna ,   Regional Hospital of Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous District – Ugra, Khadieva Elena Dmitrievna , Guzenkov Dmitry Nikolaevich , Bondarenko Oksana Mikhailovna , Sazonova Natalya Alexandrovna ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Alekseeva Yulia Viktorovna , Anischenko Oksana Anatolievna , Vikolov Mikhail Olegovich , Vikolova Yana Sergeevna
Published: January 2021

It was found that children born as a result of early preterm birth are characterized by nephronogenesis, characterized by atypical increase in size, variability of nephron components, and recapitulation of mesonephronogenesis. The kidneys of premature infants with extremely low body weight are characterized by a peculiar structure, which is manifested in a reduced number of nephrons at birth, a pronounced glomerular-tubular imbalance – the structural and functional predominance of the glomerular component over the tubular part of the nephron. The concept of a new period of human ontogenesis is proposed – metanatal, which is understood as the period of life of a person born with extremely low and very low body weight as a result of early and early preterm birth, during 22–36 weeks of postconceptual age. The concept is based on the uniqueness of the structure-forming processes that occur in organs, which can not be evaluated as either embryo-fetal or postnatal ontogenesis processes after physiological delivery of 37–40 weeks of gestational age. Probably, these processes should be designated as postconceptual morphogenesis.
Educação em saúde: efetividade de uma capacitação para equipe do ensino infantil sobre a obstrução de vias aéreas por corpo estranho
Authors: Pereira Joyce de Paula , Mesquita Debora Delgado , Garbuio Danielle Cristina
Published: January 2021

A falta de conhecimento sobre a atuação de urgência e emergência pode causar condutas inapropriadas e manipulação incorreta da vítima. O suporte básico de vida nas escolas é extremamente importante para reduzir danos mais graves devido à manipulação incorreta e incapacidade de prestar atendimento imediato. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a efetividade de uma capacitação para professores e equipe do ensino infantil no reconhecimento da obstrução de vias aéreas (engasgo) e aplicação das manobras para sua desobstrução. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, desenvolvido em duas escolas públicas municipais do interior de São Paulo que oferecem ensino infantil. A coleta de dados foi realizada em um único momento com a aplicação de um questionário, a capacitação e a aplicação do questionário pós-capacitação aos professores e equipe das escolas em estudo. Os resultados apontam uma melhora do conhecimento sobre a identificação do engasgo e da utilização das manobras para desobstrução de vias aéreas. Destaca-se a necessidade de capacitações e um olhar com valor educacional onde profissionais envolvidos na escola possam ser cuidadores de forma integral da saúde além da educação dessas crianças.
Characterization and classification of coconut-growing soils of Maddur, Karnataka and comparative evaluation of their suitability towards tender coconut production
Authors: Avinash R.K. , Kumar K.S. Anil , Karthika K.S. , Hegde Rajendra , Singh S.K. , Sujatha K.
Published: January 2021

A study was conducted along the coconut-growing soils of Karnataka to assess the potential of soils and consequences towards tender coconut production and marketing system. Major coconut-growing soils across the different agro-climatic zones of Karnataka were investigated for their development by studying the soil profiles. It was observed that the soils are moderately well to well-drained, moderately deep to deep black, gravelly or non-gravelly red loamy and clayey in central, eastern and southern dry, southern transitional and coastal zones, with good water holding capacity and medium to high fertility. Soils in Maddur were characterized and classified in this study. It was found that the soils in Maddur are deep, well-drained, gravelly clayey with low available water capacity on undulating inter-fluves, with moderate erosion, classified to clayey-skeletal, mixed, semi-active, isohyperthermic Typic Rhodustalfs at the family level and found to be ideal for tender coconut cultivation due to better rainfall distribution, suitable temperature, the elevation of the area, rooting conditions, moisture availability to roots, favourable soil reaction, higher base saturation, N, K and B levels along with gravelly clayey sub-soil and gravelly sandy loam surface texture.