bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital mobile fronthaul based on delta-sigma modulation employing a simple self-coherent receiver
Authors: Luo Siyu , Li Zhengxuan , Fan Chen , Zhu Xiaoguang , lv Kailin , Song Yingxiong
Published: August 2022

The coherent digital radio-over-fiber (DRoF) system is a promising candidate for future mobile fronthaul networks (MFNs) due to its high receiver sensitivity and excellent robustness against nonlinearities. However, conventional coherent receivers with complicated structure and heavy algorithms are too expensive and power-hungry for cost-sensitive MFN applications. In addition, currently deployed digital MFNs based on common public radio interface (CPRI) suffer from low spectral efficiency and high data rate. Towards these issues we propose a novel DRoF downlink scheme employing a simple self-coherent receiver. In baseband unit (BBU), the radio signal is converted to a digital bit stream by a band-pass delta-sigma modulator (BP-DSM), which can be simply recovered with the utilization of a band-pass filter at the receiver. In remote radio unit (RRU), an electro-absorption modulated laser (EML) acts as a low-cost coherent homodyne receiver in virtue of injection locking technique. In the experiment, the injection-locked operation of the DSM signal is successfully achieved, and two modified schemes are proposed for the DSM signal to increase the locking range with a tolerable sensitivity penalty. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach in two aspects: 1) the EML-based coherent receiver outperforms a PIN photodiode in terms of receiver sensitivity; 2) compared to the analog RoF system, a 5-dB improvement in loss budget is obtained when DSM is employed with the aid of a simple equalizer.
QoS based enhanced lossless contention MAC protocol for ultraviolet network
Authors: Li Cheng , Li Jianhua , Wang Jingyuan , Zhao Jiyong , Gao Guige , Wang Ke , Su Yang , Xu Zhiyong
Published: August 2022

Ultraviolet (UV) communication, with its excellent characteristics of non-line-of-sight propagation, high confidentiality, and flexible networking, has gradually gained traction in the field of research. The UV media access control (MAC) protocol is relatively lacking at present, and the UV lossless contention MAC (UVLLC-MAC) protocol designed by our team earlier is limited by the predictability of communication network topology; hence, it is not applicable to multinode and multi-data networks. In order to be applicable to multinode network and satisfy the quality of service (QoS) for various data, an enhanced UVLLC-MAC (eUVLLC-MAC) protocol is proposed based on the binary exponential backoff (BEB) and UVLLC protocols. A two-dimensional Markov chain is established to analyze the network performance, and the throughput and delay expressions of the UV network are derived systematically. Subsequently, the effects of reset probability, maximum backoff order, and priority types on network performance are analyzed, and the protocol parameters are optimized to obtain the best network performance. Finally, it is observed that compared with the BEB and UVLLC-MAC protocols, the network under the eUVLLC-MAC protocol can obtain better performance in throughput, packet loss rate and delay comprehensively, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed protocol. Additionally, the eUVLLC-MAC protocol can provide guidance for multinode and multi-data UV networking.
Compact full-color augmented reality near-eye display using freeform optics and a holographic optical combiner
Authors: Shu Tian , Hu Guangyin , Wu Rengmao , Li Haifeng , Zhang Zhuopeng , Liu Xu
Published: August 2022

We develop a compact full-color augmented reality near-eye display system with a multicolor holographic optical combiner and a freeform relay system. The digital image is produced by a full-color micro organic light-emitting diode (Micro-OLED) display module. The freeform relay system includes four freeform optics and a holographic optical mirror, which are employed to correct both the monochromatic and chromatic aberrations caused by the holographic optical combiner. The two multicolor holographic mirrors have a three-layer laminated structure and are delicately fabricated to yield an improved diffractive efficiency and a reduced efficiency difference for red, green, and blue colors. The high degrees of freedom of freeform optics, and the thin and light nature of the holographic optical combiner yield a compact form factor near-eye display system with a diagonal field of view (FOV) of 20° and the eye-box of 5 mm × 5 mm. Two prototypes are built to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed display system.
Geometrical-light-propagation in non-normalized symmetric gradient-index media
Authors: Gómez-Correa J. E.
Published: August 2022

Typically, as a means to obtain a less complicated ray tracing method on a gradient-index (GRIN) medium, a normalization is done. This normalization is based upon the fact that the values of the refractive index on the surface of the GRIN medium and the value of the refractive index medium where it is immersed are the same. In this paper, a Fermat’s-ray-invariants-based ray tracing method in a non-normalized GRIN medium is presented. This method is so simple that it is no longer necessary to perform normalization to reduce ray tracing complications in GRIN media. In order to observe its operation, the method is implemented in different GRIN media with rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical symmetry. Also, the method is implemented in two different axicon GRIN lenses. MATLAB codes for the implementations are provided as supplementary files. Finally, it is possible to observe that the Fermat’s ray invariant is still preserved even outside the lens. This implies that it is not necessary to apply Snell’s law when the ray leaves the GRIN medium, because the conservation of the Fermat’s ray invariant performs the refraction as if Snell’s law had been applied.
Physics-informed deep neural network reconstruction framework for propagation-based x ray phase-contrast computed tomography with sparse-view projections
Authors: Li Fangzhi , Zhao Yuqing , Han Shuo , Ji Dongjiang , Li Yimin , Zheng Mengting , Lv Wenjuan , Jian Jianbo , Zhao Xinyan , Hu Chunhong
Published: August 2022

Propagation-based phase contrast computed tomography (PB-PCCT) is an effective technique for three-dimensional visualization of weakly attenuating samples. However, the high radiation dose caused by the long sampling time has hindered the wider adoption of PB-PCCT. By incorporating the physical imaging model of PB-PCCT with a deep neural network, this Letter develops a physics-informed deep learning reconstruction framework for sparse-view PB-PCCT. Simulation and real experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness and capability of the proposed framework. Results show that the proposed framework obtains phase-retrieved and streaking artifacts removed PB-PCCT images from only one sparse-view measured intensity without any pretrained network and labeled data.
All-polarization-maintaining and high-energy fiber optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system using a solid core photonic hybrid fiber
Authors: Lafargue Léa , Scol Florent , Vanvincq Olivier , Poeydebat Etienne , Bouwmans Geraud , Hugonnot Emmanuel
Published: August 2022

We present an all-fiber optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification integrated system delivering a single-mode polarized beam. The system makes use of a specifically designed solid-core photonic hybrid fiber (i.e., combining modified total internal reflection and photonic bandgap mechanisms) that ensures sufficient birefringence to maintain the signal polarization. Moreover, the fiber combines a large mode area to handle energetic pump pulses (without generating damage or unwanted nonlinear effects) and weak dispersion to generate parametric gain bands broad enough to amplify ultrashort pulses. An efficient parametric process allows for obtaining a very high gain (>45 dB) with an output pulse energy reaching µJ range at 1053 nm by using a single 5-m hybrid fiber amplifier.
Self-powered waveguide-integrated photodetector based on a defect-engineered WSe2/graphene heterojunction
Authors: Chen Ruichang , Liu Guolei , Qiu Feng , Tan Yang , Chen Feng
Published: August 2022

With integration capability and excellent photoelectronic, two-dimensional materials have attracted increasing interest in photonic circuits as waveguide-integrated photodetectors. Here, we report a waveguide-integrated self-powered photodetector based on a defect-engineered WSe2/graphene (WSe2/G) heterostructure. The WSe2 side of the heterostructure is locally irradiated by the Ga+ ion beam generating S-vacancies (WSe2-0.18/G). The boundary of the irradiated and non-irradiated regions (WSe2/G-WS2-0.18/G) construct a Schottky-metal junction with the photovoltaic property. This WSe2/G-WS2-0.18/G heterostructure exhibits a broad spectral photoresponse from 450 nm to 1550 nm at 0 bias with on/off ratio of 104. As a self-powered photodetector, WSe2/G-WS2-0.18/G heterostructure is integrated with a polymer waveguide. It directly reads optical signal (100 kHz @ 1550 nm) in the waveguide. Our work paves a novel avenue to prepare the self-powered 2D photodetector for integration with photonic circuits.
Structure of the human galanin receptor 2 bound to galanin and Gq reveals the basis of ligand specificity and how binding affects the G-protein interface
Authors: Heo Yunseok , Ishimoto Naito , Jeon Ye-Eun , Yun Ji-Hye , Ohki Mio , Anraku Yuki , Sasaki Mina , Kita Shunsuke , Fukuhara Hideo , Ikuta Tatsuya , Kawakami Kouki , Inoue Asuka , Maenaka Katsumi , Tame Jeremy R. H. , Lee Weontae , Park Sam-Yong
Published: August 2022

Galanin is a neuropeptide expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where it regulates various processes including neuroendocrine release, cognition, and nerve regeneration. Three G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) for galanin have been discovered, which is the focus of efforts to treat diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, and addiction. To understand the basis of the ligand preferences of the receptors and to assist structure-based drug design, we used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to solve the molecular structure of GALR2 bound to galanin and a cognate heterotrimeric G-protein, providing a molecular view of the neuropeptide binding site. Mutant proteins were assayed to help reveal the basis of ligand specificity, and structural comparison between the activated GALR2 and inactive hβ2AR was used to relate galanin binding to the movements of transmembrane (TM) helices and the G-protein interface.
Human electromagnetic and haemodynamic networks systematically converge in unimodal cortex and diverge in transmodal cortex
Authors: Shafiei Golia , Baillet Sylvain , Misic Bratislav
Published: August 2022

Whole-brain neural communication is typically estimated from statistical associations among electromagnetic or haemodynamic time-series. The relationship between functional network architectures recovered from these 2 types of neural activity remains unknown. Here, we map electromagnetic networks (measured using magnetoencephalography (MEG)) to haemodynamic networks (measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)). We find that the relationship between the 2 modalities is regionally heterogeneous and systematically follows the cortical hierarchy, with close correspondence in unimodal cortex and poor correspondence in transmodal cortex. Comparison with the BigBrain histological atlas reveals that electromagnetic–haemodynamic coupling is driven by laminar differentiation and neuron density, suggesting that the mapping between the 2 modalities can be explained by cytoarchitectural variation. Importantly, haemodynamic connectivity cannot be explained by electromagnetic activity in a single frequency band, but rather arises from the mixing of multiple neurophysiological rhythms. Correspondence between the two is largely driven by MEG functional connectivity at the beta (15 to 29 Hz) frequency band. Collectively, these findings demonstrate highly organized but only partly overlapping patterns of connectivity in MEG and fMRI functional networks, opening fundamentally new avenues for studying the relationship between cortical microarchitecture and multimodal connectivity patterns.
ENSO-driven extreme oscillations in mean sea level destabilise critical shoreline mangroves—An emerging threat
Authors: Duke Norman Clive , Mackenzie Jock R. , Canning Adam D. , Hutley Lindsay B. , Bourke Adam J. , Kovacs John M. , Cormier Riley , Staben Grant , Lymburner Leo , Ai Emma
Published: August 2022

Recent ENSO-related, extreme low oscillations in mean sea level, referred to as ‘Taimasa’ in Samoa, have destabilised shoreline mangroves of tropical northern Australia, and possibly elsewhere. In 1982 and 2015, two catastrophic Taimasa each resulted in widespread mass dieback of ~76 km2 of shoreline mangroves along 2,000 km of Australia’s Gulf of Carpentaria. For the 2015 event, we determined that a temporary drop in sea level of ~0.4 metres for up to six months duration caused upper zone shoreline mangroves across the region to die from severe moisture deficit and desiccation. The two dramatic collapse events revealed a previously unrecognised vulnerability of semi-arid tidal wetland habitats to more extreme ENSO influences on sea level. In addition, we also observed a relationship between annual sea level oscillations and mangrove forest productivity where seasonal oscillations in mean sea level were co-incident with regular annual mangrove leaf growth during months of higher sea levels (March-May), and leaf shedding during lower sea levels (September-November). The combination of these periodic fluctuations in sea level defined a mangrove ‘Goldilocks’ zone of seasonal productivity during median-scale oscillations, bracketed by critical threshold events when sea levels became unusually low, or high. On the two occasions reported here when sea levels were extremely low, upper zone mangrove vegetation died en masse in synchrony across northern Australia. Such extreme pulse impacts combined with localised stressors profoundly threaten the longer-term survival of mangrove ecosystems and their benefits, like minimisation of shoreline erosion with rising sea levels. These new insights into such critical influences of climate and sea level on mangrove forests offer further affirmation of the urgency for implementing well-considered mitigation efforts for the protection of shoreline mangroves at risk, especially given predictions of future re-occurrences of extreme events affecting sea levels, combined with on-going pressure of rapidly rising sea levels.
Asynchronous tele-expertise (ASTE) for prenatal diagnosis is feasible and cost saving: Results of a French case study
Authors: Beldjerd M’hamed , Lafouge Antoine , Giorgi Roch , Le Corroller-Soriano Anne-Gaëlle , Quarello Edwin
Published: August 2022

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the potential of the use of asynchronous tele-expertise (ASTE) to provide prenatal diagnosis from a medical and economic point of view.

Population

Patients screened by a midwife at a primary center.

Methods

A technical and clinical evaluation was conducted retrospectively, and a cost minimization study compared asynchronous tele-expertise to face-to-face consultations that would have been performed without ASTE.

Main outcome measures

In our study we assessed the feasibility of ASTE, what were the origins of the requests for expertise, whether patients need to be moved and the reasons for doing so, and the costs of tele-expertise and conventional consultation.

Results

In this retrospective analysis 322 advices from 260 patients were interpreted remotely via a platform. The results revealed a 90.68% feasibility of transmitting in a satisfactory and interpretable way ultrasound images and videos via the tele-expertise platform (292/322 files). In our series, asynchronous analysis allowed the required physician to make an accurate diagnosis and identify 74 (28.5%, 95% CI [23% –33.9%]) pregnancies associated with malformations and rule out abnormalities in 186 (71.5%, 95% CI [66.1% –77%]) of the cases. The ASTE was not associated with face-to-face consultations for 72.7% (189/260) of the patients, who without moving, were able to have access to a precise diagnosis by ruling out the presence of anomalies in 163/189 of these patients and confirming them in 26/189 patients. The practice of ASTE would result from a societal point of view, an average saving of 61.8% (€ 120.57) per patient compared to a face-to-face consultation.

Conclusion

The use of asynchronous tele-expertise (ASTE) using fetal ultrasound, is feasible and may contribute to increased diagnostic accuracy while generating a significant reduction in costs for society.
Healthy lifestyle during pregnancy: Uncovering the role of online health information seeking experience
Authors: Rezaee Rita , Ravangard Ramin , Amani Fahime , Dehghani Tafti Arefeh , Shokrpour Nasrin , Bahrami Mohammad Amin
Published: August 2022

In the new era, many people seek their health-related information through the Internet due to the increasing access to this technology. Searching online health information can affect the health behavior. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between online health information-seeking behavior and a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy in a sample of Iranian pregnant women. This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women admitted to health centers of Eghlid city, Fars province, Iran in 2019. A total of 193 women participated in the study. The required data were gathered using two validated questionnaires to measure the online health information-seeking behavior and the healthy lifestyle practices of the participants. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS version 22. Online health information experience and its subscales showed no statistical correlation with a healthy lifestyle. Age and education did not correlate with online health information-seeking behavior. Age had a statistical correlation with a healthy lifestyle, but education had the same correlation only with some subscales of a healthy lifestyle. The findings were surprising, suggesting that online health information-seeking behavior does not affect the lifestyle of pregnant women. These finding and probable explanations are discussed, but due to the limited literature on the subject, further studies are recommended to be conducted.
Experimental study on tailings cementation by MICP technique with immersion curing
Authors: Jin Changyu , Liu Huiyang , Guo Mingxiao , Wang Yunfeng , Zhu Jinyao
Published: August 2022

The filling mining method is an effective method for controlling ground stress and preventing surface subsidence in the mining field during exploitation of underground resources. Tailings can be utilized as the filling material, so as to realize the reuse of industrial waste. However, utilization of the traditional Portland cement as the cementing material for tailings leads to groundwater pollution. In addition, production of Portland cement results in consumption of a great amount of ore and air pollution. In this paper, a tailings cementation method by using the microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) technique with immersion curing is proposed. Tailings are cemented by the MICP technique with aerobic bacteria (Sporosarcina pasteurii) under a soaked curing environment. The variable control method is applied to investigate the factors influencing the cementation effects by the MICP technique with Sporosarcina pasteurii, including the bacterial solution concentration, the cementing solution concentration, the particle size of tailings, and the curing temperature. The results indicate that: when OD600 of the Sporosarcina pasteurii solution is 1.6, the urea concentration in the cementing solution is 0.75 mol/L, the tailings are raw materials without grinding, and the curing temperature is 30°C, the cementation effect is the best. In view of uneven calcification during MICP with Sporosarcina pasteurii, mixed Sporosarcina pasteurii and Castellaniella denitrificans are used for tailings cementation. Higher strength of cemented tailings is achieved. It is proved that the MICP technique with mixed aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobes is an effective method for tailings cementation.
Os Irmãos Galinha e o Estado da Investigação Histórica sobre o Prelo da BGUC
Authors: Matos França Maria Beatriz
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo dar a conhecer elementos biográficos sobre as figuras de Manuel Bernardes Galinha e dos seus irmãos, todos ligados ao ofício de serralheiro, em Coimbra. Procurar-se-á clarificar os seus percursos, os projetos que foram realizando, algumas personalidades com que se foram cruzando ao longo da vida e o contributo deixado à sociedade conimbricense. Adicionalmente daremos minuciosa conta das vias de investigação já exploradas sem resultados, com o confessado objetivo de poupar esse trabalho aos futuros investigadores destes temas.
La construcción de las encuadernaciones de un conjunto de manuscritos musicales de mediados del siglo XVII de la Biblioteca General de la Universidad de Coimbra
Authors: Caballero Almonacid Mariano
Published: August 2022

Os “Cartapácios” do Mosteiro de Santa Cruz de Coimbra constituem uma coleção inestimável de música do século XVII. Integrados nos fundos musicais da Biblioteca Geral, encontravam-se em diferentes estágios de conservação e estão a ser restaurados com vista a reverter as intervenções mais antigas e a estabilizar os processos de degradação detetados. Estas intervenções profundas obrigaram a um exame das encadernações, que evidenciou alguns procedimentos oficinais próprios do Mosteiro conimbricense, raros em encadernações de pergaminho ibéricas da mesma época. O autor considera que este capítulo da história da encadernação está ainda em grande parte por estudar, podendo as descrições agora apresentadas vir a contribuir para estudos futuros, que se revelam indispensáveis.
Umberto Eco em Coimbra
Authors: Gon Pedro Miguel
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo revisita-se e aprofunda-se uma investigação sobre a presença de Umberto Eco em Coimbra, que resultou num texto publicado no Diário de Coimbra, ao qual foi concedido o Prémio de Jornalismo Adriano Lucas 2019. Sobre o artigo de jornal original, intitulado “Em Busca de Umberto Eco”, reconstrói-se neste texto a investigação então realizada e reorganizam-se de modo mais sistemático os dados fundamentais apurados durante aquela investigação. Apresenta-se aqui: (1) a data em que Umberto Eco esteve em Coimbra; (2) os espaços por onde andou; (3) que tipo de conferência foi a sua; (4) e quem teria sido a personalidade coimbrã a conduzí-lo pela Biblioteca Joanina.
Evocações camonianas
Authors: Pacheco Milton Pedro Dias
Published: August 2022

Justificado o contexto histórico e apresentado o processo institucional em que decorreu a realização do IV Centenário da Estada de Luis de Camões na Ilha de Moçambique (1569-1969) na primeira parte deste estudo – com a identificação dos membros das comissões oficiais promotoras dos eventos e a avaliação das atividades culturais propostas no programa definitivo implementado na então província moçambicana –, importa agora proceder à análise dos conjuntos artísticos encomendados entre os anos de 1968 e 1969.

A abordagem proposta para esta segunda parte assenta na apresentação, interpretação e confrontação das obras produzidas no âmbito das comemorações de 1969: as coleções filatélicas impressas, a medalha cunhada e a escultura fundida. Complementarmente, procurar-se-á ainda identificar os agentes envolvidos, os oficiais responsáveis pela encomenda e os artistas envolvidos na conceção artística e execução material das obras, confrontar os modelos de influência artística e averiguar os modos de produção.
The Work Experience of Graduates as a Motivating Element in the Teaching-Learning Process
Authors: González-Rogado Ana Belén , Vivar-Quintana Ana María , Rodríguez-Barrios Dionisio Tomás , Ramos-Gavilán Ana Belén
Published: August 2022

The current labour market context requires Universities to continuously adapt to changes to train students who can respond to the market's needs. Based on their professional experience, university graduates can and must be an essential element for university education to be in line with the labour market. This article presents a proposal for integrating graduates in the teaching-learning process, playing an active role. The study has been developed in the context of a bachelor's degree (Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering) and a master's degree (Master's Degree in Secondary School Teaching). The satisfaction survey results show that the experience has been very positive for our students. At the same time, it helps reduce the students' insecurity concerning their professional future.
La (no) declaración: una aplicación didáctica del contraste modal para la
clase de ELE
Authors: Solá Simón Elena
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se describe una aplicación didáctica en la que se
introduce, por primera vez, el contraste modal español a estudiantes
universitarios británicos de primer año con aproximadamente 70 horas de
instrucción previa en la lengua meta, la cual forma parte de un estudio
empírico (Solá Simón, 2020). El método utilizado se fundamenta en el enfoque
cognitivo-operativo, concretamente, en los conceptos de declaración y
no-declaración postulados por Ruiz Campillo (2004). La aplicación didáctica
consiste en varias presentaciones de PowerPoint en las cuales se introducen
conceptos pragmático-discursivos universales y esenciales para entender la
pareja conceptual que sirve como único mecanismo de selección modal a los
estudiantes. Asimismo, se describen los puntos más relevantes del material
didáctico utilizado para introducir los contextos del Mapa operativo del
modo (Ruiz Campillo, 2007a) que se cubren a este nivel de competencia
(A2.2/B1.1). Por último, se detallan los aspectos más relevantes del
material que se utilizará en el segundo estudio empírico longitudinal en el
que se cubrirá todo el Mapa Operativo del Modo y que por lo tanto abarcará
también el siguiente nivel de competencia (B1.2/B2.1). De este modo, el
estudio incluirá tanto matrices (no) veritativas, valorativas e
intencionales, como las (no) identificativas.
Una cartografía literaria de Vigo
Authors: Antela Costa Paula , Rabadán Gómez Marina
Published: August 2022

Este artículo recoge una propuesta consistente en la realización de una
cartografía literaria llevada a cabo por estudiantes de español lengua
extranjera (ELE), de nivel B2 de competencia. Una cartografía literaria
(Sharp, 1904) supone el mapeo de un lugar físico a través de un texto
literario. Su integración en la programación de ELE facilita que los
estudiantes lean literatura contemporánea y que, a través del trazado
narrativo de la obra, amplíen sus conocimientos sobre el español de diversos
países hispanohablantes, identificando el contexto ficticio de la obra con
un espacio real. Por otro lado, el género narrativo de la novela policíaca
elegida para esta actividad permite que los estudiantes interactúen con la
historia y sus personajes de forma lúdica, siguiendo sus pasos por la ciudad
y formando parte de la investigación. La lectura de Ojos de Agua (Villar,
2011) se realiza a la vez que una serie de actividades paraliterarias que
los estudiantes recogen en un portafolio a lo largo del semestre. A través
de las tareas propuestas se desarrollan los diferentes aspectos de la
competencia comunicativa, perfeccionando habilidades y conocimientos tanto
lingüísticos como interculturales. La secuencia didáctica finaliza con una
presentación de las cartografías que los estudiantes realizan en la
plataforma de su elección, facilitando así la evaluación de la competencia
digital y añadiendo valor a sus capacidades creativas.
Výzkum evolučních znalostí a postojů v České republice a nový standardizovaný nástroj (EEQ) pro výzkumy v této oblasti
Authors: Dvořáková Radka Marta
Published: August 2022

O evoluci se v moderní biologii uvažuje jako o centrálním jednotícím principu. Porozumění základním evolučním principům je tedy klíčové pro kvalitní biologické vzdělávání. Cílem tohoto textu je za prvé shrnout problematiku v oblasti výzkumu evolučních znalostí a postojů v České republice, v kontextu výzkumů evropských. A za druhé představit nový výzkumný nástroj pro tuto oblast. Výzkumem evolučních znalostí a/nebo postojů k evoluci se v Evropě zabývala a zabývá řada výzkumníků a výzkumných týmů. Výsledky dosud publikovaných studií ale neposkytují příliš prostoru pro další srovnání. Hlavním problémem jsou jednak typově rozdílné skupiny respondentů, a dále především skutečnost, že autoři používají velmi různorodé výzkumné nástroje, často bez patřičně ověřené validity či reliability. Skupina výzkumníků, sdružená v rámci projektu COST 17127, se pokusila výše zmíněné problémy překlenout. Výsledkem jejich úsilí je standardizovaný výzkumný nástroj EEQ (=Evolution Education Questionnaire). Jeho výhodou je nejen široké spektrum využití, ať už jde o typy respondentů, časový rozsah dotazníku nebo evoluční tematiku; dotazník je navíc vhodný pro výzkum evolučních znalostí i postojů. Jeho další unikátní charakteristikou, srovnáme-li ho s jinými standardizovanými nástroji, je existence dvaceti tří jazykových mutací, včetně češtiny, která ho předurčuje k využívání v širokém celoevropském kontextu.
Topoi of Classical German Philosophy in Progress. A Thematic Issue Dedicated to Jakub Kloc-Konkołowicz
Authors: Adolphi Rainer , Scaglia Lara , Rockmore Tom , Nowak Ewa
Published: August 2022

Preface by the Editors to the special thematic volume dedicated to the memory of Jakub Kloc-Konkołowicz.
Social and Institutional Dimensions of Axel Honneth’s Theory of Recognition (by Marcin J. Byczyński, 2021). A Book Review with a Contextual ‘Surplus’
Authors: Nowak Ewa
Published: August 2022

The review addresses the recent monograph Social and Institutional Dimensions of Axel Honneth’s Theory of Recognition by Marcin J. Byczyński (Łódź University Press, Jurisprudence Series, Vol. 17/2021, pp. 1–273). Jakub Kloc-Konkołowicz was the external reviewer of the doctoral dissertation which gave rise to the book. The essential contributions of this book are discussed against the background of former and pioneering recognition research from the Polish context, including this by Jakub Kloc-Konkołowicz and Marek Siemek. In addition, they are supplemented by Hegel’s three rights of freedom and further vital themes. This provides the following review with a contextual ‘surplus.’ Byczyński’s monograph considerably advances an important Warsaw-Poznań research strand and is notable for its originality among the books devoted to Honneth’s Theory of Recognition.
The “Unhappy Consciousness”. A Paradigm of Reason’s Speculative Power
Authors: Scaglia Lara
Published: August 2022

One way to address the question concerning the nature of reason consists in inquiring rational anxieties such as the tension between changeable and unchangeable. The yearning of the particular towards the universal, the iterative, interminable quest of the thinking is namely something which seems to be proper of many systems of classical German philosophy (but not only). In this paper I want to consider this problematic focusing on the figure of the unhappy consciousness which is perhaps the clearest expression of this tension and use it to approach Hegel’s account on speculative reason. After recalling – in the first section – the figures which precede the unhappy consciousness, I will address the question concerning the historicity and universality of the development of the consciousness, asking if it is the case that the unhappy consciousness belongs only to a particular historical age (and needs specific historical preconditions) or if it expresses a general feature of reason or of human experience. In the second and the third sections, namely, I will try to defend this second interpretation by showing that the unhappy consciousness not only is central in Hegel’s system and is re-echoed in several figures of the Phenomenology of the Spirit but it is also central in other philosophical systems. For instance, as I will show in the fourth section, Kant’s ethical thinking could be read under the light of the unhappy consciousness, whose unsatisfied yearning towards the universal is the expression and source of the speculative or metaphysical thinking.
Instrucciones para la elección de diputados y sustitutos en las diputaciones mineras novohispanas, 1790
Authors: Gavira Márquez Maria Concepcion
Published: August 2022

Este texto presenta un estudio introductorio y la transcripción de las instrucciones para la elección de los diputados mineros y sustitutos a realizarse en las Diputaciones mineras, documento emitido por el Tribunal de Minería en 1790 y ubicado en el Archivo Histórico del Palacio de Minería, en Ciudad de México.
A story of abandonment: settlements and landscape in the Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal
Authors: Majerovičová Tereza , Šmejda Ladislav , Novák Jan , Manka Idrissa , Ballesteros Miguel , Bumerl Jiří , Deme Alioune , Beneš Jaromír
Published: August 2022

The authors present a new, interdisciplinary project focusing on the interaction between people and the landscape within abandoned and populated villages following the founding of Niokola-Koba National Park in south-eastern Senegal. In this article, they assess anthropogenic transformations from geoarchaeological, ethnoarchaeological and ethnobotanical perspectives in order to document and preserve the heritage of both displaced and settled agricultural communities.
Differentiations in Interpersonal Functioning Across Narcissism Dimensions
Authors: Du Tianwei V. , Thomas Katherine M. , Miller Joshua D. , Lynam Donald R.
Published: August 2022

Narcissism can be conceived hierarchically at three levels: as a global construct (Level 1), as two dimensions (Level 2; grandiosity and vulnerability), and as a trifurcated model with three underlying dimensions: interpersonal antagonism, narcissistic neuroticism, and agentic extraversion (Level 3). The aim of the study was to examine how narcissism dimensions across the three levels differ in their associations with various forms of interpersonal functioning. The authors assessed multiple domains of interpersonal functioning using data collected from 447 MTurk workers, 606 students, and 365 informants. Each narcissism dimension showed unique interpersonal profiles. The profile of interpersonal antagonism largely resembles grandiose and total narcissism in its interpersonal characteristics, narcissistic neuroticism largely resembles vulnerable narcissism, and agentic extraversion does not differ much from the traditional conceptualization of extraversion in its interpersonal qualities (e.g., high communion). Future studies may benefit from studying narcissism and how it relates to other psychological constructs using the trifurcated model.
Dos interesantes aportaciones para la Flora de Galicia (N.O. Península Ibérica)
Authors: Sahuquillo Balbuena Elvira
Published: August 2022

En esta nota breve se incluyen dos novedades provinciales, una para la provincia de Lugo y otra para la de Ourense (Galicia, Spain). Así mismo, es destacable que uno de estos  taxones está incluido en el Catálogo Gallego de especies amenazadas en la categoría de “Vulnerable”, se trata de Utricularia minor L., novedad para la provincia de Ourense.
Pediatric Environmental Cold Injuries
Authors: Schimelpfenig Samuel S. , Jacobsen Britt
Published: August 2022

Cold weather injuries are relevant concerns for children during winter sports and outdoor activities. To mitigate the risk of cold injury in this high-risk population, providers can educate parents on proper outdoor attire as well as the added risks of wind and water exposure. There are 2 types of environmental cold injuries: freezing injuries and nonfreezing injuries. Frostbite is a freezing injury from direct contact with cold air or surfaces. The extent of injury depends on the depth to which the freezing extends. Treatment involves rewarming the frozen tissue with warm water baths and considering analgesia. Hypothermia is a nonfreezing cold injury, and it can occur even when ambient temperatures are above freezing. When there is a decrease in the body’s core temperature, hypothermia progresses from mild to severe symptoms. Treatment of hypothermia is threefold but is also dependent on the core body temperature, as colder core temperatures will require more aggressive warming techniques. Hypothermia treatment involves passive protection from further heat loss (ie, removing wet clothing), which helps the body to warm itself. Treatment also involves active external rewarming wherein a heat source, such as a heated blanket, is used to increase body temperature. Active internal rewarming is the delivery of heat inside the patient’s body, such as warmed intravenous fluids.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DEPENDENCE BETWEEN THE ECCENTRICITY OF THE SECTION WITH THE EQUAL TORQUE OF THE UPPER AND LOWER PART OF THE BODY AND THE BODY PARAMETERS
Authors: Atanasov A. , Pirovski N. , Dimitrov N. , Valev D. , Todorova R.
Published: August 2022

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the eccentricity of the body as a function of mass, height, circumference and body mass index of the body in the section of equal torques of the upper and lower part of body. Results: 62 people between the age of 18 and 28 were examined. Very good correlations between the eccentricity of the equal torques of the upper and lower parts of the body and body mass, height, BMI and circumference of the body in the section were derived. We were hypothesized that the cross section of equal torques is an area in which all body movements are focused. We are considering this area as "kinetic center" of the body. As proof of the reality of this center it was point out the infrared photos of the human body. The position of the ‘kinetic center’ on infrared body image appears point on spinal cord with highest temperature. Conclusions: The obtained results can find applications in solving various scientific problems.
PREVALENCE AND CONTROL OF MYOPIA AMONG CHILDREN IN PLEVEN, BULGARIA
Authors: Valcheva K. , Ivancheva V.
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To observe the factors affecting the prevalence and control of myopia among children in Pleven, Bulgaria. Methods: A retrospective study was done. From March 2019 to March 2021, 404 consecutive patients from 3 to 18 years old with the main diagnosis myopia after cycloplegia passed through the private ophthalmology practice. The following signs were analyzed: age, sex, location, type and degree of myopia, review result and accompanying diseases. Results: The demographic profile of the evaluated children was: 43.8% males and 56.2% females (р< 0.05); most of them are living in the city (89.2%). The most significant number of children with myopia were between 9 and 12 years old. Children with new onset myopia were 27.7% and 72.3% were with existing one. Patients between 8 and 18 years of age with existing myopia are more than those with new onset one (p <0.05). There were 76.7% children with a low degree of myopia, 17.6% with a medium degree and 2.0% with a high degree. Without accompanying diseases were 65.6% of our patients. Conclusion: The control and treatment of myopia seem promising. However, it is necessary to develop a state policy for the prevention of children's eye health in Bulgaria.
Northwesternmost records of Vampyressa thyone Thomas, 1909 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Sierra de Atoyac, Guerrero, México
Authors: Osorio-Rodriguez Angel Neftali , Juárez-Agis Alejandro , Castro-Flores Cinthia , Rivas González Mayra , Zeferino Torres Jacqueline , Garzón Lopez Luis Alvin , Hernández-Canchola Giovani
Published: August 2022

We report new northwesternmost records of the Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat, Vampyressa thyone Thomas, 1909 (Phyllostomidae, Stenodermatinae), from Sierra de Atoyac, Guerrero, Mexico. We identified four individuals using morphological characters; two of the individuals were collected at 1,234 and 1,285 m above sea level, altitudes atypical for this species. Captures were recorded between 19:20 and 23:18 h, and all individuals presented signs of reproductive activity. With these data, we increase the scarce knowledge about this rare frugivorous bat.
O código normativo budista e o ato de esmolar alimentos
Authors: Guernelli Palazzo Tsai Patricia , Busch Furlan Cibele Priscila
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo visa apresentar algumas das regras normativas do código monástico budista relacionadas ao ato de esmolar alimentos pelos renunciantes de ambos os sexos das comunidades budistas, Saṃgha. O ato de esmolar alimentos, assim como todo o conjunto de características comportamentais e morais relacionado aos praticantes monásticos, se tornou um importante elemento que proporcionou identidade para as Saṃghas do Buda, uma vez que benfeitores – que moravam nas cidades e vilas ao entorno das comunidades – acabavam por reconhecer monges, bhikṣus e monjas, bhikṣunīs distinguindo das demais religiosidades e comunidades da Índia Antiga. Essas regras instituídas pelo Buda histórico, e preservadas pelas comunidades, evidenciam o grande cuidado no tocante à nutrição dos praticantes, especialmente em relação ao como e o que se alimentar, a higiene pessoal, bem como o comportamento dos bhikṣus e das bhikṣunīs com todo esse processo. O objetivo da atenção à alimentação não era outro que proporcionar condições adequadas para o desenvolvimento dos praticantes em relação aos estudos e à meditação.
"MINHA FÉ É POLÍTICA": perspectivas decoloniais sobre o movimento cristão dissidente no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Chada Arraes Luísa
Published: August 2022

Este artigo busca tecer reflexões a partir de práticas de resistência religiosa e política que constroem uma relação integrativo-subversiva e não dicotômica entre dissidências sexuais e de gênero e religiosidade cristã. Para isso, serão lançadas discussões que passam desde a teoria da secularização enquanto movimento ideológico, até o projeto colonial que sufoca e impossibilita a diversidade de manifestações religiosas que articulam-se com o exercício político de resistência sexo-gênero dissidente de existir. Tendo como base teórico-política o pensamento decolonial, pretende-se defender como a construção de uma posição cristã dissidente tensiona tanto os cânones religiosos, quanto o ideário moderno/colonial de progresso, anunciando saberes e práticas fronteiriças que (re)constroem a experiência religiosa e a reivindicam para além de um grande monólito.
The concept of “new monasticism” in theology and ministry of the Abbess of the Lesninsky Holy Mother of God Monastery (E. B. Yefimovskaya 1850-1925)
Authors: Parfenova E. G.
Published: August 2022

The article presents biographical insights into and analysis of the church and public activities of abbess Ekaterina, in the world — countess Efimovskaya Evgenia Borisovna. The article focuses on the detailed analysis of her activities in the Lesninsky Holy Mother of God Monastery in the Kholmsky region the abbess of which she was for more than 20 years. The most significant concepts of abbess Ekaterina (Efimovskaya), namely public service of monasteries (“new monasticism”), the revival of the institution of deaconesses and these concepts practical implementation in the activities of the Lesninsky monastery are studied. The innovative practices of the pedagogical, educational and social activities of the monastery community that were carried out in the conditions of the growing social and state crisis of the Russian Empire of the 19th — early 20th century are described.
Gabrielle Thomas and Elena Narinskaya (eds.), Women and Ordination in the Orthodox Church. Explorations in Theology and Practice, Cascade Books (Wipf and Stock Publishers), Eugene, Oregon, 2020, ISBN: 978-1-5326-9578-0 (e-book: 978-1-5326-9580-3), 210 p. Review.
Authors: Heller Dagmar
Published: August 2022

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The posadsky wife Matrona Kalistratova in the history of Church and book culture of the Kostroma region of the 17th century
Authors: Belyankin Yu. S.
Published: August 2022

In the article a source study of inscriptions on Cyrillic books of the 17th century was carried out, as a result of which it was possible to uncover a rare historical plot, the main character of which is one of the notable residents of the city of Soligalich at the time. We are talking about the book contributions of the posadsky wife Matrona Kalistratova, a wealthy owner of salterns аnd other property, that have survived to date. Her book donations, addressed to Soligalich and the nearby Gorodets monastery, made it possible to highlight some facts from Matrona’s biography and her role in the Church history of the Kostroma Region. It turned out that Matrona Kalistratova is one of the participants in the posthumous miracles of St. Abramius of Galich, which is reflected in the Life of the saint. It is the detailed inscriptions on her book contributions, which immediately attract attention due to their content among the preserved old printed books of the Kostroma Region repositories, that allowed us to draw undoubted parallels with the hagiographic text. Mutually complementing each other, the Life of St. Abramius of Galich, archival data and book descriptions clarified various details from the life of Matrona Kalistratova and her trace in the book culture of the Kostroma lands in the second third of the 17th century. The relatively large book contribution of the posadsky wife is a remarkable phenomenon in itself, as well as the fact that it became a commemoration that recorded the miraculous healing of the depositor on the relics of the saint.
Comparison of postoperative back pain between paramedian and midline approach for thoracic epidural anesthesia
Authors: Hong Ji Hee , Cho Eun Young , Shim Jin Woo , Park Ki Beom
Published: August 2022

Background: The development of back pain following epidural analgesia is one reason for patient refusal of neuraxial analgesia. The primary endpoint of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of back pain following midline and paramedian epidural technique. The secondary endpoint was to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of back pain.Methods: This prospective randomized study included 114 patients receiving thoracic epidural catheterization for pain management following upper abdominal or thoracic surgery. Patients were allocated to either the midline or the paramedian group by computer-generated randomization. An investigator who was blinded to the patient group interviewed patients at 24, and 48 h, and 3–5 days after surgery about the existence of back pain and its severity.Results: The total incidence of back pain following epidural anesthesia was 23.8% in the midline group and 7.8% in the paramedian group. The numerical rating scale of back pain was not different between the two groups at 24 h and 4 days after surgery. The paramdian technique was associated with a lower incidence of back pain than the midline technique (95% confidence interval 0.05–0.74, odds ratio 0.2, P < 0.01). However, the number of attempts, surgical position, body mass index, and duration of surgery were not associated with back pain.Conclusions: This study showed that the midline group of thoracic epidural analgesia demonstrated higher incidence of back pain than the paramedian group. However, the pain was mild in intensity and decreased with time in both groups.