bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concurrent measurement of sample and reference waveforms in an optical-pump terahertz-probe system using a controlled optical diaphragm shutter
Authors: Afalla Jessica , Kitahara Hideaki , Moriyasu Takeshi , Tani Masahiko
Published: August 2019

We present concurrent measurement of sample and reference terahertz waveforms for an optical-pump terahertz-probe spectrometer, using a controlled optical diaphragm shutter for the optical pump line. When waveforms are taken consecutively, laser power fluctuations and other experimental conditions can introduce spectral artefacts, thus a concurrent measurement is preferred. Instead of techniques based on double modulation, the use of the diaphragm shutter eliminates the need for a second lock-in amplifier and/or constricted alignment due to the use of a single chopper blade for modulating two signals, simultaneously. Drude fitting of the complex conductivity obtained for GaAs confirms that measurements obtained using our set-up agree with reported scattering times.
Mapping Historical Texts in the Classroom: The Anatolian Travelers Project
Authors: Cobb Peter J. , Rogers Jordan R. , Ford Bryn , Blasdel Gavin P. , Renninger Sasha
Published: August 2019

The process of mapping provides an active approach for students to engage with landscapes of the past. As part of a graduate-level class called Spatial Analysis of the Past, students were given an assignment to create online maps of nineteenth-century travelers’ accounts about western Anatolia (Turkey). Travelers often record their experiences of journeying through foreign landscapes. Although usually written from the perspective of an outsider, these first-hand accounts can serve as valuable primary source documents for geographical information about these regions. The participation of students in mapping these accounts can prompt deep reflection in the classroom regarding the subjectivity of spatial representations and understandings. This class assignment served as the initial step in a larger research undertaking called the Anatolian Travelers Project, an ongoing, open access initiative. This project attempts to collect, organize, and visualize regional travelers’ accounts through online mapping, to improve our understanding of how people interacted with this landscape and its inhabitants. The project records and compares, among other things, the travelers’ modes of transportation, the routes they chose, their observations about the land and people, and what they felt was worth recording and publishing. Here, we reflect on the use of web mapping as a pedagogical method in teaching the past by reporting on the results of our classroom experimentations. Specifically, we focus on four learning goals: the integration of historical and archaeological methods, an increase in digital literacy among humanities students, experimentation with visualization decisions, and an investigation of landscape and spatial perspectives. Our experiences in the classroom will help inform our future implementations of online mapping as a teaching tool. In terms of technology, we utilized the Neatline plugin to Omeka for mapping, though we consider infrastructure ultimately interchangeable.
Critical elliptic systems involving multiple strongly–coupled Hardy–type terms
Authors: Kang Dongsheng , Liu Mengru , Xu Liangshun
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we study the radially–symmetric and strictly–decreasing solutions to a system of critical elliptic equations in RN, which involves multiple critical nonlinearities and strongly–coupled Hardy– type terms. By the ODEs analysis methods, the asymptotic behaviors at the origin and infinity of solutions are proved. It is found that the singularities ofuandvin the solution (u,v) are at the same level. Finally, an explicit form of least energy solutions is found under certain assumptions, which has all of the mentioned properties for the radial decreasing solutions.
Clinical significance of neuropeptide Y expression in pelvic tissue in patients with pelvic floor dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Limin , Luo Xin
Published: August 2019

Objectives

To investigate the neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression in the tissue of pelvic floor ligament and anterior vaginal wall in female patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Method

Seventeen patients with POP, 6 with SUI, 13 with POP and SUI (POP&SUI), and 10 controls were included in this study from First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University. Immunohistochemical assay was used to examine NPY expression in the tissue of round ligament, cardinal ligament of uterus, uterosacral ligament, and anterior vaginal wall. NPY expression were compared between POP, SUI, POP&SUI and controls.

Results

NPY was positive expressed in the round ligament, cardinal ligament of uterus, uterosacral ligament, and anterior vaginal subepithelial connective tissue. Compared with the control group, NPY expression in the round, cardinal, and uterosacral ligaments in patients with POP&SUI group was decreased with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). NPY expression in anterior vaginal wall was significantly decreased in POP, SUI, and POP&SUI groups compared to normal group (p<0.05). Compared to POP group, NPY expression in SUI and POP&SUI groups were significantly decreased (p<0.05), however the difference was not statistical different between SUI and POP&SUI groups (p>0.05). In POP and POP&SUI groups, the NPY expression in the cardinal ligament of uterus, uterosacral ligament, and anterior vaginal wall were negatively correlated with age (p<0.05), however, was not correlated with number of pregnancy, number of delivery, and BMI (p>0.05).

Conclusions

NPY expression was reduced in the round ligament, cardinal ligament of uterus, Uterosacral ligament, and vaginal anterior wall of the patients with POP and SUI. The decreased NPY expression may play an important role in the development of pelvic floordysfunction.
Influence of the Static Magnetic Field and Algal Extract on the Germination of Soybean Seeds
Authors: Lewandowska Sylwia , Michalak Izabela , Niemczyk Katarzyna , Detyna Jerzy , Bujak Henryk , Arik Pelin
Published: August 2019

This study examines the effect of a separate static magnetic field (SMF) and algal extract and their synergistic effect on soybean seeds germination. To our knowledge, this is the first time these kinds of factors were used for the biostimulation of soybean seeds germination. Soybean –Glycine max(L.) Merrill variety ‘Merlin’ was used in the present study. The exposure of seeds to the magnetic field was applied for 3, 6 and 12 min. The algal extract, produced from a freshwater green macroalga –Cladophora glomeratausing an ultrasonic homogenizer, was used directly to the paper substrate at a dose of 10%. The highest germination ability of soybean seeds was observed in a group, where the magnetic field (12 min.) was used together with 10% of algal extract. However, it was very low – only 21%, which may have resulted from the seed dormancy. Future experiments on soybean seeds are required to confirm the stimulation effect of the magnetic field (various induction values) and algal extract on seeds germination.
A new solution of the semi-metallic gasket increasing tightness level
Authors: Jaszak Przemysław
Published: August 2019

The paper presents new type of the semi-metallic gasket characterized with elastic core. Thanks to this solution more elastic recovery as well as more uniform contact stress distribution on the gasket’s surface were obtained which consequently caused that tightness level of the flange joint increased by 1000% in contrast to joint gasketed with traditional solution. The tightness characteristic of the traditional as well as new solution of the gaskets were determined experimentally and discussed.
From Theory to Practice to Problem: Teaching Public History with a Real Client
Authors: Thomas Adam Adrian
Published: August 2019

In many ways, teaching public history through real-world projects is a panacea. After all, a properly trained graduate of a public history program should be able to leave the theoretical world of the university and shift confidently into the exigencies of professional practice. But many educators naturally shy away from this approach because it is fraught with potential disasters – the looming threat of the unknown that frustrates students, educators, and partners alike. Flexibility and adaptability are keys to developing successful real-world public history projects. Accepting or even welcoming the unanticipated provides valuable teaching moments and a sense of reality that is difficult to duplicate in the classroom. Moreover, crafting a flexible but ultimately successful student project requires identifying the right partner or client while tempering expectations with a thoughtful and realistic scope of work.
Negotiating Public Participation through Dance and Drama Techniques: A Roundtable Discussion on the Challenges of Public History Work by the Isikhumbuzo Applied History Unit in South
Authors: Hellemann Phemelo C.
Published: August 2019

The Isikhumbuzo Applied History Unit (IAHU) of Rhodes University History Department specializes in innovative methodologies for bringing historical information closer to non-academic audiences. The National Research Foundation of South Africa funds the research work conducted by Isikhumbuzo Applied History Unit. This article shares insights from a reflective discussion that took place February 4, 2019 at Rhodes University. The team reflects on the challenges of doing Public History work in South Africa, particularly drawing attention to the issues surrounding academics and the public when it comes to engaging in research and storytelling exercises that unearth untold stories.

Experimenting with creative arts such as drama and dance as strategies that can improve public participation in historical work, the team discusses how they are bridging the gap between the public, artists, and academics. The views expressed in this roundtable discussion contribute to the reflexive nature of the methodology employed by the Isikhumbuzo Applied History Unit.
An Overview of Public History in Italy: No Longer A Field Without a Name
Authors: Noiret Serge
Published: August 2019

This article traces the origins and development of public history in Italy, a field not anymore without this name today. Public history in Italy has its roots in historical institutions born in the nineteenth century and in the post WW2 first Italian Republic. The concept of “public use of history” (1993), the important role played by memory issues in post-war society, local and national identity issues, the birth of public archaeology (2015) before public history, the emergence of history festivals in the new millennium are all important moments shaping the history of the field and described in this essay. The foundation of the “Italian Association of Public History” (AIPH) in 2016/2017, and the promotion of an Italian Public History Manifesto (2018) together with the creation of Public History masters in universities, are all concrete signs of a vital development of the field in the Peninsula.
Extinction of a two species competitive stage-structured system with the effect of toxic substance and harvesting
Authors: Huang Xiaoyan , Chen Fengde , Xie Xiangdong , Zhao Liang
Published: August 2019

The extinction property of a two species competitive stage-structured phytoplankton system with harvesting is studied in this paper. Several sets of sufficient conditions which ensure that one of the components will be driven to extinction are established. Our results supplement and complement the results of Li and Chen [Extinction in periodic competitive stage-structured Lotka-Volterra model with the effects of toxic substances, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 2009, 231(1), 143-153] and Liu, Chen, Luo et al. [Extinction and permanence in nonautonomous competitive system with stage structure, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 2002, 274(2), 667-684].
Incidental findings in dental radiology are concerning for family doctors
Authors: Monsarrat Paul , Galibourg Antoine , Nasr Karim , Telmon Norbert , Maret Delphine
Published: August 2019

Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) is an imaging technology increasingly used in dentistry. Depending on the size of the examination area, visualization of anatomical structures outside the indication area may reveal incidental findings (IF). The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to 1) evaluate the frequency, location and different types of incidental findings (IF) revealed during CBCT examinations; 2) identify potential influencing factors such as gender or age; 3) highlight what the family doctor should know about CBCT and the benefits for medical care.

70 retrospective studies were included. 60% of IF are in the naso-oropharyngeal airway and paranasal sinuses. Carotid calcifications were observed with a mean prevalence of 9% CI95% [2-21]). Meta-regression showed a significant association of this prevalence with age, irrespective of gender.

Given the high frequency of IF, with varying severity, the whole medical community is fully involved, and its opinion should be sought to ensure the best possible management for the patients. Physicians may also require CBCT examinations that would have been previously prescribed by a dentist, that may serve to better orientate investigations toward another imaging technique. The family doctor is therefore the dentist’s main interlocutor and the main coordinator of the follow-up of IF.
Osteopontin and fatty acid binding protein in ifosfamide-treated rats
Authors: Dobrek Łukasz , Arent Zbigniew , Nalik-Iwaniak Klaudia , Fic Kinga , Kopańska Marta
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Ifosfamide (IF) is a cytostatic that exhibits adverse nephrotoxic properties. Clinically, IF-induced nephrotoxicity takes various forms, depending on applied dose and length of treatment.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to evaluate the two proteins: osteopontin (OP) and fatty acid binding protein (FABP), as markers of kidney function in rats treated with ifosfamide.

Material and Methods

Rats receiving a single IF dose (250 mg/kg b.w.; group 1) or treated with five consecutive IF doses administrated on following days (50mg/kg b.w.; group 3), compared with control groups 2 and 4, respectively, were studied. Kidney function was assessed using classical (urea, creatinine) and novel (FABP, OP) laboratory parameters and by histopathology.

Results

Single IF dose administration resulted in significant total proteinuria with urinary concentrations and 24-hour excretions of both FABP and OP comparable to the appropriate control. In rats treated with five consecutive IF doses, the urinary concentrations and 24-hour excretion of both FABP and OP were significantly higher compared to the appropriate control. The development of cystitis was revealed in groups 1 and 3, which was not accompanied by significant histopathological kidney damage.

Conclusions

Both OP and FABP may be useful laboratory markers of tubulopathy in the early stage of chronic nephrotoxicity of ifosfamide.
Familial polyposis coli: the management of desmoid tumor bleeding
Authors: Calogero Armando , Sagnelli Caterina , Carlomagno Nicola , Tammaro Vincenzo , Candida Maria , Vernillo Antonio , Peluso Gaia , Minieri Gianluca , Sica Antonello , Ciccozzi Massimo , Santangelo Michele , Dodaro Concetta Anna
Published: August 2019

Background

There is currently no standard treatment for desmoid tumors (DTs) associated with familial polyposis coli (FAP). Familial adenomatous polyposis in DT patients is sometimes a life-threatening condition.

Methods

We enrolled all consecutive patients with FAP treated at Unit of General Surgery and Transplant, University of Naples Federico II and evaluated the incidence of DTs on FAP between 1996 and 2016.

Results

We observed 45 consecutive patients with FAP; of these 5 were DT-FAP-associated. All 5 cases with FAP were young women, age 25 to 65 years, previously treated by colectomy. Of these, 4 patients presented a parietal localization and had been treated with a wide surgical exeresis; one patient had an intra-abdominal, mesenteric tumor that was unresectable at laparotomy. We performed CT-guided drainage, ureteral stenting, medical therapy (sulindac+tamoxifene), and chemotherapy (dacarba-zine+doxorubicine).

All patients were alive and underwent follow-ups for 5 years post-surgery; only 1 patient with parietal localization showed a local relapse after 2 years.

Conclusions

We propose a modulated approach to the single patient with FAP, with surgery as treatment of choice for parietal localization disease and integrating different kinds of therapies (surgery alone or associated with RT, CT) for the intra-abdominal tumor.
microRNA-27a-3p down-regulation inhibits malignant biological behaviors of ovarian cancer by targeting BTG1
Authors: Li Enfang , Han Ke , Zhou Xuan
Published: August 2019

Ovarian cancer is the most deadly malignant tumor. MicroRNA-27a-3p (miR-27a-3p) was a tumor oncogene in various cancers. However, the role and mechanism of miR-27a-3p in ovarian cancer are still unknown. In this study, we found that miR-27a-3p over-expression could significantly promote the viability of SK-OV-3 cells, enhance cell migration and invasion, and reduce cell apoptosis. Besides, results from western blot assay showed that miR-27a-3p over-expression could increase Bcl-2 protein expression and decrease Bax protein expression. Furthermore, TargetScan and the dual luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that BTG anti-proliferation factor 1 (BTG1) was a direct target of miR-27a-3p. In addition, we found that miR-27a-3p down-regulation suppressed SK-OV-3 cell viability, migration and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis. All the effects of miR-27a-3p down-regulation on SK-OV-3 cells were reversed by BTG1-siRNA. Therefore, miR-27a-3p/BTG1 axis may be a new potential target for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
CNS myeloid cell heterogeneity at the single-cell level
Authors: Böttcher Chotima , Sankowski Roman , Priller Josef , Prinz Marco
Published: August 2019

The cellular composition of the central nervous system (CNS) is highly complex and dynamic. Regulation of this complexity is increasingly recognized to be spatially and temporally dependent during development, homeostasis and disease. Context-dependent cellular heterogeneity was shown for neuroectodermal cells as well as the myeloid compartment of the CNS. The brain myeloid compartment comprises microglia and other CNS-associated macrophages. These are brain-resident cells with critical roles in brain development, maintenance, and immune responses during states of disease. Profiling of CNS myeloid cell heterogeneity has been greatly facilitated in the past years by development of high-throughput technologies for single-cell analysis. This review summarizes current insights into heterogeneity of the CNS myeloid cell population determined by single-cell RNA sequencing and mass cytometry. The results offer invaluable insights into CNS biology and will facilitate the development of therapies for neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory pathologies.
The gut-brain axis: microglia in the spotlight
Authors: Mezö Charlotte , Mossad Omar , Erny Daniel , Blank Thomas
Published: August 2019

Microbiome research has grown significantly in the last decade, highlighting manifold implications of the microbiota to the host’s health. The gut microbiota is connected to the brain through several avenues that allow their interaction. Thus, recent studies have attemtpted to characterize these connections and enhance our understanding of the so called ‘gut-brain-axis’. Microglia, the central nervous system resident macrophages, are crucial for the proper development and maintenance of brain functions. As immune cells, they are in the spotlight for relaying signals between the microbiota and cells of the brain. In this review, we contemplate on interactions between the gut microbiota and microglia, and their influence on brain functions in health and disease.
Peer responses to self-disclosures in group counseling
Authors: Logren Aija , Ruusuvuori Johanna , Laitinen Jaana
Published: August 2019

Drawing on conversation analysis, this study examines how peers respond to each other’s self-disclosures in group counseling interaction. Responses that display sharing and recognition of the experience normalize the experience and build an alliance among group members. This way, responses bring about social support. In addition, responses can offer a different perspective on the views presented in self-disclosures. The responses endorse or challenge the claims that are made and the stance taken in the initial self-disclosure, and link the personal, individual experience to general axioms. The implicit ways of responding to a self-disclosure allow a person to participate in a conversation about intimate and potentially delicate topics without revealing private details. Through self-disclosures and responses to them, participants talk into being the ideals of health counseling and healthy lifestyle: What kind of activities are considered eligible and attainable. The relation of these practices to the institutional goal is intricate. It builds on, first, the stance taken in the self-disclosure toward the institutional goal and the sociocultural values pertaining to it, and second, the responses’ alignment with that stance and what kind of values and ideals it further evokes.
Response to Edwards
Authors: Martens Peter W.
Published: August 2019

My essay highlights differences between how Edwards and I approach ancient sources and the scholarship on them. My response also provides a dossier of a dozen or so passages where Origen portrays paradise as a divine or incorporeal place, distinct from this earth, and as a residence for pre-existent rational creatures. Edwards denies such a portrait.
Heracleon and the Seven Categories of Exegetical Opponents in Origen’s Commentary on the Gospel of John
Authors: Berglund Carl Johan
Published: August 2019

While the adversaries of Origen of Alexandria traditionally have been described in general terms as either literalists or Gnostics, Peter Martens has recently argued convincingly that Origen repeatedly refers to more specific categories of literalist opponents, whom he criticizes for particular literal interpretations. This paper argues that a similar specificity applies to his supposedly Gnostic opponents. In his Commentary on the Gospel of John, Origen regularly uses designations such as “the heterodox” or “those who bring in the natures” to identify specific categories of exegetical opponents, which he defines by their particular interpretative practices or their adherence to particular teachings. When he responds to various scriptural interpretations, Origen takes care to specify which of at least seven identifiable categories of exegetical opponents he currently opposes. Throughout the commentary, Origen maintains the distinctions between these categories and Heracleon, the individual interpreter he names most frequently, and he never uses Heracleon’s words as an example of an interpretation by any of the identifiable categories.
Le De quantitate animae d’Augustin, un dialogue philosophique ?
Authors: Lagouanère Jérôme
Published: August 2019

Saint Augustine’s De quantitate animae is a dialogue often neglected by scholars who have studied the question of Augustinian dialogue. This study aims to remedy this lack of interest and to show the strategic place of this dialogue in the Augustinian production of the years 386–390. Firstly, after stating the question, the article questions the genre of dialogue and shows that the De quantitate animae of Augustine perfectly meets the criteria defining the genre of the philosophical dialogue. Secondly, this study examines the stakes and the place of the dialectic in this work. In fact, our paper emphasizes, following the analyzes proposed by Giovanni Catapano, the importance of considering the kind of dialogue in Augustine by the yardstick of his epistemological presuppositions. In this perspective, the De quantitate animae appears as a work of transition, which is based on the epistemology of Contra Academicos and the notions of doubt and inconcussum, while announcing the epistemology of the inner Master developed in the De magistro.
Holy Women and Men as Teachers in Late Antique Christianity
Authors: Christensen Maria Munkholt , Gemeinhardt Peter
Published: August 2019

This article shows how the theme of education was treated in late antique hagiographical discourse. Brief references are made to two ascetic archetypes, Antony and Macrina, who are both styled in their vitae in relation to education, either by rejecting classical education or appropriating philosophy and substituting classical literature with biblical literature. On this basis the article focuses in more detail on six hagiographical texts and their protagonists, i. e. three texts primarily on men (the Life of Hypatius of Rufiniane, the saints of Theodoret of Cyrus’ Religious History and Cyril of Scythopolis’ Lives of the Monks in Palestine) and three texts on women (the Lives of Marcella, Melania the Younger, and Syncletica). Although classical education is evaluated differently in these texts, and ascetic formation takes various shapes, it is obvious that both male and female saints played a role in the discussion about the Christian appropriation of classical education as well as in the development of particular Christian ideas of formation. A correct use of education was not a hindrance for holiness, but rather a sign of ascetic wisdom. That both men and women, on a literary level, incarnated Christian teachings in their Lives, and that they were able to live and teach Christian ideals, tells us much about the ambitious transformation of education that was visualized in the ascetic literature. The hagiographical texts themselves both reflect the discussion of education and are didactic texts with the aim of establishing new norms.
Experimental Validation of Photovoltaic System with Isolated Dual Inductor dc-dc Converter for Grid-Connected Application
Authors: Hussaini M. Mohammadha , Amala A. Josephine
Published: August 2019

This article presents a double inductor–based converter for a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system with the utilization of the battery bank. This converter used to give continuous power to the three-phase four-wire power distribution system from the PV array. In order to increase the low magnitude of the PV array output voltage into a high dc voltage required for the three-phase dc link, the proposed system offers two boost stages. The double inductor–based converter gives power to the load in both the switched ON and OFF conditions of the chopping switch over buck, boost, and Cuk converters utilized in the PV-coordinated grid-connected applications. The operations of the proposed double inductor–based converter sustained three-phase four-wire power distribution system are analyzed and presented. The digital simulation and hardware experimental prototype results are presented to examine the performance of the presented double boost converter fed to the three-phase four-wire power distribution system.
Economic Evaluations and Political Support in Authoritarian Countries
Authors: Ou-Yang Ray , Zhou Yingnan Joseph
Published: August 2019

The economic voting literature argues that economics matters to democratic leaders. We argue that it matters to authoritarian leaders, too, and its influence is stronger there than it is in democratic countries. Using data on four Asian countries from the Asian Barometer Survey, we find substantial support for our theory.
“The Operation of the Machine”
Authors: Baker S. Zebulon
Published: August 2019

The Clark Kerr era in the history of the University of California (1952–1967) was marked by momentous social and cultural upheaval, much of which was fought out across the UC system's then eight campuses, particularly Berkeley and UCLA. No issue sparked greater student action than civil rights, which was a challenge that Kerr confronted first as Berkeley chancellor and then as president of the entire UC system. This challenge was met in every area of the university's affairs, including its athletics programs. Kerr demanded that the university's teams schedule games with the nation's most prestigious colleges and universities, whose academic profiles matched its own. These included segregated southern institutions, whose varsity teams were still composed entirely of white athletes and, in some cases, demanded the segregation of competitors by race. These games presented unique challenges for a university that Kerr considered “a portal open to all able young people,” since such competitive and commercial affiliations with segregated institutions called into question the university's sincerity in committing itself to equal educational opportunity. By digging deeply in the university archives at both Berkeley and UCLA, this article reveals how Kerr and his administration promoted the university's affiliation with these southern institutions without taking the racial politics of these games into serious consideration. In turn, the article reassesses the university's racial record in the Kerr era and its commitment to protecting the civil rights of the black student athletes who competed on its varsity teams.
New Religious Movements and Food
Authors: Zeller Benjamin E.
Published: August 2019

This special issue of Nova Religio brings together four articles that examine particular intersections of new religious movements and food. Dan McKanan examines spiritual food practices within the loose network of spiritual movements associated with Anthroposophy, the turn of the century “spiritual science” developed by Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925) that continues to have resonance today. Susannah Crockford contributes an article on fasting traditions in the contemporary New Age movement, based on her ethnographic fieldwork in Sedona, Arizona. Dusty Hoesly writes on the countercultural California group the Brotherhood of the Sun, which operated a series of highly successful food businesses in the 1970s and 1980s, and which he situates within a tradition of mindful food production and consumption. Constance Elsberg’s study of food practices and food entrepreneurship in Yogi Bhajan’s (1929–2004) Healthy, Happy, Holy Organization (3HO) movement uses the lens of food to examine the group’s growth, institutionalization, and subsequent struggles. This introduction contextualizes these four movements, and other new religious movements, in terms of their engagement with food, using the lenses of social, cultural, economic, and structural factors.
On the stability of explicit finite difference schemes for a pseudoparabolic equation with nonlocal conditions
Authors: Jachimavičienė Justina , Sapagovas Mifodijus , Štikonas Artūras , Štikonienė Olga
Published: August 2019

A new explicit conditionally consistent finite difference scheme for one-dimensional third-order linear pseudoparabolic equation with nonlocal conditions is constructed. The stability of the finite difference scheme is investigated by analysing a nonlinear eigenvalue problem. The stability conditions are stated and stability regions are described. Some numerical experiments are presented in order to validate theoretical results.
The Primacy of Index in Naming Paradigms. Part II
Authors: West Donna E. E.
Published: August 2019

This analysis highlights the semiotic naming differences between the pronouns, nouns, and verbs. It capitalizes on the role of Peirce’s Object in assigning names and the special character of pronouns and verbs to hasten notice of Objects. It showcases Peirce’s indexical sign as an individuating instrument, by arguing that nouns do not name the Object uniquely. The invoking notice of shifting places via pronouns/verbs is paramount. Naming begins with the most pure Indexes (pronouns), then nouns (which draw upon similar features); afterward, verbs emerge to name the dynamic event profile, illustrating the indispensability of the index. The advances in deictic individuation establish and reinforce the joint attentional ventures: co-signers are compelled not merely to attend to the same Object but to recognize distinctive participant roles in events as well.
Metaphorical Expressions of ‘Limits’ Concepts in Academic Legal Written Language
Authors: Gedzevičienė Dalia
Published: August 2019

The conceptualization of limits in academic legal written language is the focus of the present article. The main problem of the research is the controversial evaluation of such metaphorical expressions from the normative point of view. In academic legal papers, the upper limit of various payments is named as ‘ceiling’. Thus, the implemented conceptual metaphor shows that THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL SECURITY IS A ROOM. In the same papers, the minimal limit of incomes of inhabitants and of lawbreaker at which some social measures are applied or at which some sanctions start to take effect is named as ‘threshold’. Therefore, these metaphorical expressions implement the conceptual metaphor CIRCUMSTANCES (OF INHABITANT OR OFFENDER) IS A ROOM. Though the figurative meanings of both ‘ceiling’ and ‘threshold’ in the Lithuanian language had formed due to the impact of foreign languages; the figurative meanings of the word ‘threshold’ are included in the dictionaries as the correct ones, but the expressions with ‘ceiling’ are evaluated like semantic calques.
Man in the Space of Language
Authors: Малышева Елена
Published: August 2019

Периодическое издание научных статей. № 8. Вильнюс: кафедра иностранных языков Каунасского гуманитарного факультета Вильнюсского университета. 2015. 227 с.
Creativity and Dissidence in Jordanian Women’s Literature
Authors: Amin Omnia
Published: August 2019

Contemporary Jordanian women writers have transported the act of writing into an act of dissidence to reflect their own perspectives and priorities shaped by a distinctive cultural and aesthetic formation. Writers like Huzama Habayeb, Afaf Batayneh, and Leila Elatrash speak with assertive voices about the confinement and even the abuse of Arab women. Their works reveal an unequivocal sense of pride in overthrowing all confinements, while at the same time condemning and combating the abusive excesses of patriarchy when it appropriates and exploits religious and cultural traditions to preserve its own material hegemony. Their discourse strives, with varying degrees of militancy, for an agenda that is quite dissident and threatening to the fabric of the traditional religious and social Arab norms. Some look at the West for a substitute model of their freedom of expression, while others seek an answer within the framework of Arabic culture. Their writing represents not only a fascinating phenomenon of articulating feelings and perspectives of their own by adopting a dissident stance in their use of language and narrative, but also a promise to extend and expand their scope of focus to an apparent militant and confrontational response to the discourse produced by male-made theocracies.
M. Veller’s “The Great Last Chance”: Russian National Myths, Ideas, and Author’s View on the Problems
Authors: Perov Oleg
Published: August 2019

This article presents the analysis of the main ideas which are reflected in M. Veller’s novel The Great Last Chance. This is not only a reception of a definite country, a version of her historical way, the demonstration of cultural peculiarities, the own code of civilization, people’s traditions and faith, but also an original author’s view on the process of self-identification and logical result, i.e., the national myths and ideas. The main intention is to negotiate, refute many national myths: about complicated and bloody history; about laziness and hard drinking; about the opposition of East and West; about the peace-loving nation; about the underestimation from the other world. The author asserts that the Russian national idea is not liberal: the main basis is a national self-identification, the main traits are social justice and retribution for guilty. The main problems of the country are located in a definite range: from the global to the local (stealing, corruption, negative information field). The principal way to solve these problems is to aspirate to the social justice, labour, and creative works.
Metacommunicative Comments in the Internet Dialogue: Possible Grounds for Classification
Authors: Bobko Tatyana
Published: August 2019

This article discusses three reasons for the typology of metacommunicative statements: the object of statements (the referent and reflexivity / non-reflexivity of the statements), a way of expressing metacommunicative intentions, and the pragmatic orientation of the statements, the article as well discusses the problems of classification, in particular, the difficulties of distinguishing metatext and metacommunicative comments. The analysis is performed on the basis of the popular Belarusian Internet resources.Three reasons for the typology of metacommunicative statements give the opportunity to construct their model, systematizing all the variety of real metacommunicative statements. Modelling structural and substantial characteristics of metacommunicative statements allows to identify those aspects of communication that are important or, on the contrary, unimportant in the eyes of a speaker, as well as the preferences of native speakers in the expression of metacommunicative intentions.
SILANG PENDAPAT DIBALIK PENETAPAN PERPPU NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2016
Authors: Rahmansyah Muhammad Rizky
Published: August 2019

Abstrak: Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 menjadi jawaban dari Presiden Joko Widodo atas maraknya kasus pelecehan seksual terhadap anak. Meski demikian, perdebatan kerap terjadi seiring ditetapkannya Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016. Adanya ketentuan mengenai sanksi kebiri ditenggarai menjadi akar perdebatan tersebut. Beberapa kalangan menilai Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 berpotensi melanggar HAM. Sisanya berpendapat, sanksi kebiri dibutuhkan untuk memberikan ancaman terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa aspek penegakan hukum patut dibenahi demi mengurangi kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, penulis juga mengumpulkan data-data dari bahan kepustakaan dan melakukan dokumentasi dari berbagai media massa. Kata Kunci: Presiden, Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016, Sanksi Kebiri
Pemberhentian Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia
Authors: Azhar Annas Arif Mohamad , Cahyawati Dwi Putri , Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: August 2019

Abstract.Problems in dismissing board members by their supporting political parties are still a polemic in the constitutional system of the Republic of Indonesia. The presumption of council members as an extension of the party is still a heated debate. So that a council member who should be a representative of the people seems to be a party representative. The regulation of dismissal of members of political parties is contained in article 16 of Act No. 2 of 2011 concerning Political Parties which explains that dismissal of party members is based on several factors, such as death, resignation in writing, becoming a member of another political party and violating code of ethics for Political Parties. This discussion uses qualitative research methods with a literature review approach.Keywords: Dismissal, Board Members, Political Parties Abstrak.Problematika pemberhentikan anggota dewan oleh partai politik pengusungnya masih menjadi polemik dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia. Adanya anggapan anggota dewan sebagai kepanjangan tangan partai, masih menjadi perdebatan yang sengit. Sehingga seorang anggota dewan yang seharusnya menjadi wakil rakyat seolah menjadi wakil partai. Akan halnya pengaturan pemberhentian terhadap anggota partai politik tertuang dalam pasal 16 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 tahun 2011 tentang Partai Politik yang menjelaskan bahwa pemberhentian terhadap anggota partai didasari oleh beberapa faktor, seperti meninggal dunia, mengundurkan diri secara tertulis, menjadi anggota partai politik lain dan melanggar kode etik Partai Politik. Pembahasan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur review.Kata Kunci: Pemberhentian, Anggota Dewan, Partai Politik
Integrated Audit Environmental System; Optimalisasi Peran Bpk Guna Mewujudkan Good Policy System Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Mahira Dararida Fandra , Istanti Aura Ning , Lubis Ilham Khalid
Published: August 2019

Abstract.The Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) is a state institution that has a role in upholding the principles of good governance. One that is rarely known to the public is the principle of environmental protection. Despite the role of the BPK in upholding principles, such as regulating positive activities, or providing reports on the results of environmental audits. However, it turns out that the position is not as effective as expected, because the BPK Institution only has 16 certified international environmental auditors, while its duties are related to the environment that is spread throughout the territory of Indonesia. Therefore, the author seeks to provide an effective solution to the concept of reform, namely synergizing the BPK Institution with the relevant Ministries, including the wider community, as well as non-governmental organizations. The author conducted a study based on data on the state of the legal environment, welfare, and environmental audits, then visualized in a frame of mind. With the formulation of the concept of BPK synergy with several relevant Ministries, it is expected to be able to uphold social and environmental welfare, and be able to reduce the country's economic losses.Keywords: Environmental Audit, Republic of Indonesia BPK, Integrity, Social Welfare Abstrak.  Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan merupakan Lembaga negara yang memiliki peran menegakkan prinsip tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Salah satu yang jarang diketahui publik adalah prinsip perlindungan lingkungan. Meskipun adanya peran BPK dalam menegakan prinsip, seperti mengatur aktivitas positif, atau memberikan laporan hasil audit lingkungan. Namun ternyata kedudukannya tidak seefektif yang diharapkan, karena Lembaga BPK hanya memiliki 16 auditor lingkungan internasional bersertifikat, sedang tugasnya berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang tersebar di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penulis berupaya memberikan solusi efektif dengan konsep reformasi, yaitu mensinergikan Lembaga BPK dengan Kementerian terkait, termasuk masyarakat luas, dan juga organisasi non-pemerintah. Penulis melakukan kajian berdasarkan data pada keadaan lingkungan hukum, kesejahteraan, dan audit lingkungan, kemudian divisualisasikan dalam kerangka berpikir. Dengan formulasi konsep sinergi BPK dengan beberapa Kementerian terkait, diharapkan dapat menegakkan kesejahteraan sosial dan lingkungan hidup, serta dapat mengurangi kerugian ekonomi negara.Kata Kunci: Audit Lingkungan, BPK RI, Integritas, Kesejahteraan Sosia
Rapid evaluation of garlic cultivars by front-face fluorescence and independent component analysis
Authors: Wu X.Q. , Xu H. , Liu J.Y.
Published: August 2019

Garlic is widely used as food flavouring, and China is the world's largest garlic producer and exporter. To develop a convenient technique for evaluation of garlic cultivars would be worthwhile, and it would have wide application in such a huge market. In this research, 3D front-face fluorescence data of 8 garlic cultivars were recorded, and independent component analysis was used to decompose the overall fluorescence spectra into six independent components. The first, second, and fourth independent components showed a big difference among the cultivars, and the chemical fluorophores behind these three components were specified as protein, vitamin B6, and ATP, respectively, as fluorescent markers for evaluation. The result showed that all 8 cultivars cluster separately. The cultivar “YNQJ” have the highest quality in terms of protein and vitamin B6, “NXYC” and “SDHB” have the highest content of ATP, while “SXXA” is the poorest in terms of protein and ATP, and “HNJZ” has the lowest content of vitamin B6. Therefore, rapid evaluation of garlic cultivars can be accomplished successfully by using only the proportion values of three properly selected fluorescent markers.
Kombucha tea beverage: Microbiological characteristic, antioxidant activity, and phytochemical composition
Authors: Ivanišová E. , Meňhartová K. , Terentjeva M. , Godočíková L. , Árvay J. , Kačániová M.
Published: August 2019

The aim of the present study was to determine the microbial composition, antioxidant activity, and content of phytochemicals in prepared kombucha tea beverage. Microbiota was identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, antioxidant activity of beverage was tested by ABTS and phosphomolybdenum method, the total content of phytochemicals (polyphenols, flavonoids, and phenolic acids) was measured by colorimetric methods. The major phenolic acids, flavonoids, and methylxanthines were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Candida krusei, Sphingomonas melonis, Sphingomonas aquatilis, Brevibacillus centrosporus, and Gluconobacter oxydans were the most abundant microorganisms. Antioxidant activity of kombucha tested by ABTS and phosphomolybdenum method was 1.16 mg TEAC/ml and 2.04 mg TEAC/ml, respectively, which values were higher than in black tea 0.67 and 0.81 mg TEAC/ml, respectively. Also, content of total polyphenols (0.42 mg GAE/ ml), flavonoids (0.13 mg QE/ml), and phenolic acids (0.19 mg CAE/ml) was higher in kombucha than in black tea (0.18 mg GAE/ml; 0.02 mg QE/ml; 0.05 mg CAE/ml, respectively). Gallic, chlorogenic, syringic, and protocatechuic acids, and rutin and vitexin from flavonoids were dominant in kombucha beverage detected by HPLC. Strong difference in caffeine contents, 217.81 µg ml−1 (black tea) and 100.72 µg ml−1 (kombucha beverage), was observed. The amounts of theobromine were similar in black tea and kombucha, but theophylline was detected only in black tea in trace amount (0.52 µg ml−1).
Fishes from lakes and tributaries of the Rio Santa Bárbara, Sapucaí‑Mirim/Grande hydrographic basin, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Diniz Paulo Baltazar , Siqueira Hatus de Oliveira , Faleiros Tâmer de Oliveira , Pereira Nycolas Levy , Senhorini José Augusto , Esguícero André Luiz Henríques , Bertelli Célio
Published: August 2019

Rio Santa Bárbara, a small tributary of the Rio Sapucaí-Mirim, has undergone severe human intervention over the past 80 years. We surveyed the ichthyofauna of this river, some surrounding lakes, and the Rio Potreiro, a tributary. Four campaigns were carried out, 2 in the dry season and 2 in the rainy season. We found 920 specimens at 12 sites and included 32 species belonging to 6 orders and 16 families. The order Characiformes was found to be best represented in our study, followed by the orders Cichliformes and Siluriformes. The family Characidae was the most numerous, followed by the families Cichlidae and Poeciliidae. A specimen of Brycon nattereri was collected from the Rio Santa Bárbara; this species is Critically Endangered in the state of São Paulo.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI DAN BUDAYA KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI SEKERTARIAT DPRD KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Ardiansyah Ahmad
Published: August 2019

The Effect of Communication and Work Culture on the performance of the DPRD Regency Secretariat, which is a statement of the problem (problem statement) is communication and work culture in the DPRD Regional Secretariat, Karawang regency is still not optimal. work is on aspects of service that have not been optimal, especially for Members of the DPRD Karawang Regency and this is thought to affect the performance of employees in the DPRD DPRD Secretariat. the results of data processing, it can be concluded that the communication variable consists of 13 item statements, as a whole based on respondents' perceptions, communication in the Karawang Regency Council Secretariat is in the Good category. In the work culture variable which consists of 13 item statements, as a whole based on the respondents' perceptions, the work culture in the Karawang Regency Council Secretariat is in the Pretty Good category. The results of verification data processing through path analysis shows the work culture provides the most dominant contribution to the performance of employees in the karawang district council secretariat.