bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perencanaan Skenario Strategi Pemasaran di Konveksi The Xild Apparel
Authors: Aulawi Hilmi , Rahmawati Dewi , Misbah Syahbudin Muhammad Khoirul
Published: September 2024

Permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini di perusahaan yaitu untuk saat ini perusahaan hanya mengandalkan kenalan-kenalan dari pemilik dan pekerja disana untuk melakukan pemasaran yaitu dengan melakukan pemasaran secara mulut ke mulut. Dimana ini tentunya akan menyebabkan sempitnya jangkauan terhadap konsumen, tidak dapat bersaing dengan perusahaan sejenis dan tidak dapat menyesuaikan dengan tren yang berada diluar. Penjualan yang terjadi selama 12 bulan juga mengalami fase berfluktuatif. Oleh karena itu Perusahaan ini memerlukan perencanaan disertai dengan strategi yang tepat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan scenario planning. Dengan menggunakan scenario planning ini dapat mempersiapkan berbagai skenario dalam proses perencanaan, yang memungkinkan mereka untuk lebih fleksibel dan tetap fokus pada pelaksanaan rencana pemasaran yang efektif. Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya 4 perencanaan skenario yang diambil dari dua variabel yakni tren berpakaian dan pesaing. Kuadran skenarionya yang pertama adalah responsive dan adaftif, kuadran dua efisiensi operasional, kuadran ketiga inovatif, dan yang terakhir adalah differensiasi. Skenario yang sebaiknya digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan skenario efisiensi operasional karena ini akan memberikan jangkauan konsumen yang luas dan juga mendapatkan kepercayaan konsumen secara langsung lewat pertemuan tatap muka. Pemasaran hybrid yang dilakukan secara online dan offline akan memberikan fleksibilitas untuk menyesuaikan strategi dengan perubahan dalam tren pasar atau perubahan perilaku konsumen. Sehingga perusahaan dapat mengalokasikan sumber daya sesuai kebutuhan.
Peningkatan Kompetensi dan Produktivitas Karyawan pada Usaha Mikro: Pelatihan Teknis dan Pengembangan Soft skills
Authors: Taime Habel , Leuhery Ferdy , Prayana I Kadek Wira Dharma , Widaningsih Raden Rara Ayu , Mas'ud M. Imron
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini membahas peningkatan kompetensi dan produktivitas karyawan pada usaha mikro melalui pelatihan teknis dan pengembangan soft skills, yang dilaksanakan di Jemaat GKI Ebenheizer Timika, Kabupaten Mimika, Provinsi Papua Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dengan pendekatan partisipatif dan kolaboratif. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknis dan kemampuan interpersonal karyawan, yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi kerja dan produktivitas usaha. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman dan keterampilan teknis, serta peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi dan kerjasama tim. Kegiatan ini juga berdampak positif pada motivasi dan kepuasan kerja karyawan, sehingga berkontribusi pada perkembangan usaha mikro di daerah tersebut. Kesuksesan program ini mencerminkan pentingnya pelatihan berkelanjutan dan pengembangan keterampilan karyawan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan usaha mikro, khususnya di wilayah-wilayah terpencil seperti Papua Tengah.
Enhancing Educational Practices through AI and Data Visualization: Insights from a Community Engagement Workshop
Authors: Fianty Melissa Indah , Saputri Fahmy Rinanda
Published: September 2024

This community engagement explores the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data visualization in the context of education through an interactive workshop. The workshop aims to enhance the capacity of high school teachers in Jakarta to utilize technology for data analysis using applications like Tableau. Participants engage in hands-on practice with four case studies: analysis of student performance by gender, the influence of parental education on student outcomes, evaluation of the effectiveness of exam preparation courses, and analysis of the impact of lunch programs on student achievement. Results indicate a significant improvement in participants' understanding and skills in using data to support evidence-based decision-making in educational settings.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Kemasan dan Pemasaran Produk Olahan UMKM di Kecamatan Martapura Barat
Authors: Fitriyanti Fitriyanti , Nurbidayah Nurbidayah , Akbar Depy Oktavian , Iedliany Faradilla , Khairunnisa Gusti
Published: September 2024

Pemanfaatan  potensi  herbal dari kelakai dan empon-empon  yang  memiliki  banyak khasiat untuk kesehatan dapat  diterapkan  untuk  menunjang  kesehatan,  salah  satunya  dengan membuat  produk  olahan  yang  praktis,  sehat dan aman.  Sebelumnya  telah dilakukan pelatihan produksi olahan serbuk dan teh celup kelakai dan empon-empon namun terkait pengemasan  dan  pemasaran,  informasinya  masih  terbatas, dimana kondisi mitra saat ini telah memiliki produk namun kemasannya belum memenuhi standar dan kurang menarik. Dalam pemasaranpun masih terbatas hanya secara offline, dan belum merambah ke pemasaran  online. Tujuan  dari  pengabdian masyarakat  ini  untuk peserta  dapat:  1)  memahami  lebih  dalam  pengembangan  produk olahan; 2) Menciptakan produk yang dapat bersaing di pasaran; 3) Memahami sistem pemasaran dengan cara yang modern; 4)Memahami  pelabelan dan  kemasan  yang  yang  baik.  Kegiatan  dilaksanakan  pada tanggal  22 mei  2024 di Aula Desa Sungai Rangas, Martapura Barat. Metode  kegiatannya adalah  penyuluhan  melalui  pemaparan  terkait  kewirausahaan,  cara  membuat  kemasan produk yang baik serta praktik  pemasaran secara online. Kegiatannya dihadiri oleh 10 orang dari UMKM kecamatan Martapura Barat. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu peserta mampu membuat produk dengan label dan kemasan yang baik serta menarik. Selain itu peserta juga memahami cara pengaplikasian pemasaran dan penentuan harga jual produk.
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DI MASA KRISIS: UPAYA PERCEPATAN PELAYANAN VAKSINASI COVID-19 DI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Lestari Umi , Suradji Muhammad Adji
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify and discuss collaborative governance during times of crisis at the local level by taking case studies of accelerated COVID-19 vaccination services in the Province of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). Collaborative governance of accelerating COVID-19 vaccination in DIY involves government actors, both central and regional governments, entrepreneurs including corporations on various scales from international, regional, national and local as well as business associations, as well as civil society with a membership base that varies from professional expertise to religion. This study used a qualitative method with data collection carried out through a desk study. Collaborative governance allows the exchange of resources between actors that are cross-sectoral and the flexibility of mobility between actors to accelerate people's access to vaccines as a public good. Collaborative governance is a potential solution for building and developing a better service system for public needs.
SISTEM PEMILIHAN UMUM (PEMILU) JOKO WIDODO - JUSUF KALLA TAHUN 2014
Authors: Harista Rosa , Amaliatulwalidain Amaliatulwalidain , Kencana Novia , Kariem M.Qur’anul
Published: September 2024

The 2014 General Election of the President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia (2014 Pilpres) was held on 9 July 2014 to elect the President and Vice President of Indonesia for the 2014-2019 period. The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze how the electoral system was during the reign of Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014. The method used by researchers in this study was literature. The results of the research and discussion use the theory of the Electoral Cycle: 1) Pre-Election, in this indicator Pre-Election refers to a number of election stages carried out by election organizers such as formulation of regulations, voter registration, registration and determination of candidate parties; 2) Election Period, this indicator refers to a number of election stages such as election/voting and vote counting. As for the vote count in the 2014 election, namely: Jokowi 52-53% of the vote and 46-48% of the vote for Prabowo; 3) Post Election, this indicator is the stage of announcing results, evaluating and resolving disputes or problems in elections. The announcement of the results of the 2014 presidential and vice-presidential elections was won by the Joko Widodo-Jusuf Kalla pair by obtaining a vote of 53.15% in accordance with the KPU RI decision on July 22, 2014. The Prabowo-Hatta Rajasa camp filed several lawsuits over the results of this election, namely to the DKPP and the Court. The conclusion in this study is that the General Election System (Election) During the Leadership Period of Joko widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014 used the Electoral Cycle system where this Election Cycle was a tool used to understand election preparation and an understanding of holding elections . The party system used during the reign of Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014-2019 was using a multi-party system.
Diatom assemblages of the Holocene sediments from the northeastern Norwegian-Greenland Basin
Authors: Agafonova Elizaveta A. , Klyuvitkina Tatiana S. , Kravchishina Marina D. , Chekhovskaya Maria P. , Lozinskaya Lyubov A.
Published: September 2024

This paper presents the results of diatom analysis of Holocene sediments from the northeastern part of Norwegian-Greenland Basin in comparison with palynomorph and foraminifera data. Main Holocene paleogeographic events of Norwegian-Greenland Basin were established by micropaleontological data.
Blood pressure, brain lesions and cognitive decline in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Carmine Désirée , Aeschbacher Stefanie , Coslovsky Michael , Hennings Elisa , Paladini Rebecca E. , Peter Raffaele , Burger Melanie , Reichlin Tobias , Rodondi Nicolas , Müller Andreas S. , Ammann Peter , Conte Giulio , Auricchio Angelo , Moschovitis Giorgio , Bardoczi Julia B. , Stauber Annina , De Perna Maria Luisa , Zuern Christine S. , Sinnecker Tim , Badertscher Patrick , Sticherling Christian , Bonati Leo H. , Conen David , Krisai Philipp , Osswald Stefan , Kühne Michael
Published: September 2024

Background

The influence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and blood pressure (BP) on brain lesions and cognitive function is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of BP with different types of brain lesions and cognitive decline in patients with AF.

Methods

Overall, 1,213 AF patients underwent standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 2 years, as well as yearly neurocognitive testing. BP was measured at baseline and categorized according to guidelines. New lesions were defined as new or enlarged brain lesions after 2 years. We defined cognitive decline using three different neurocognitive tests. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of BP with new brain lesions and cognitive decline.

Results

The mean age was 71 ± 8.4 years, 74% were male and mean BP was 135 ± 18/79 ± 12 mmHg. New ischemic lesions and white matter lesions were found in 5.4% and 18.4%, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, BP was not associated with the presence of new brain lesions after 2 years. There was no association between BP and cognitive decline over a median follow-up of 6 years when using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment or Digit Symbol Substitution Test. However, BP categories were inversely associated with cognitive decline using the Semantic Fluency Test, with the strongest association in patients with hypertension grade 1 [Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) 0.57(0.42 to 0.77)], compared to patients with optimal BP (p for linear trend: 0.025).

Conclusions

In a large cohort of AF patients, there was no association between BP and incidence of brain lesions after 2 years. Also, there was no consistent association between BP and cognitive decline over a follow-up of 6 years.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02105844, Identifier (NCT02105844).
Evaluating TRAIL and IP-10 alterations in vaccinated pregnant women after COVID-19 diagnosis and their correlation with neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Chen Wei-Chun , Hu Shu-Yu , Cheng Chao-Min , Shen Ching-Fen , Chuang Hui-Yu , Ker Chin-Ru , Sun Der-Ji , Shen Ching-Ju
Published: September 2024

Background

This study evaluates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (IP-10) in pregnant women with COVID-19 and their newborns, exploring the effects of antiviral treatments and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody (Nab) inhibition on these key viral infection biomarkers.

Methods

We studied 61 pregnant women with past COVID-19 and either three (n=56) or four (n=5) doses of vaccination, and 46 without COVID-19 but vaccinated. We analyzed them and their newborns’ blood for TRAIL, IP-10, and Nab levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), correlating these with other clinical factors.

Results

Our study found lower TRAIL but higher IP-10 levels in maternal blood than neonatal cord blood, irrespective of past COVID-19 diagnosis. Cases diagnosed with COVID-19 < 4 weeks previously had higher maternal blood TRAIL levels (16.49 vs. 40.81 pg/mL, p=0.0064) and IP-10 (154.68 vs. 225.81 pg/mL, p=0.0170) than those never diagnosed. Antiviral medication lowered TRAIL and IP-10 in maternal blood without affecting Nab inhibition (TRAIL: 19.24 vs. 54.53 pg/mL, p=0.028; IP-10: 158.36 vs. 255.47 pg/mL, p=0.0089). TRAIL and IP-10 levels were similar with three or four vaccine doses, but four doses increased Nab inhibition (p=0.0363). Previously COVID-19 exposed pregnant women had higher Nab inhibition (p < 0.0001). No obvious correlation was found among TRAIL, IP-10, and Nab inhibition level.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that lower maternal TRAIL and higher IP-10 levels compared to neonatal cord blood coupled with a rise in both markers following COVID-19 diagnosis that could be reduced by antivirals indicates a correlation to infection severity. Higher vaccine doses enhance Nab inhibition, irrespective of antiviral medication use and independent of TRAIL or IP-10 levels, highlighting the significance and safety of adequate vaccination and antiviral use post-diagnosis in pregnant women.
Inflammasome activity regulation by PUFA metabolites
Authors: Atalay Ekiner Sinemyiz , Gęgotek Agnieszka , Skrzydlewska Elżbieta
Published: September 2024

Oxidative stress and the accompanying chronic inflammation constitute an important metabolic problem that may lead to pathology, especially when the body is exposed to physicochemical and biological factors, including UV radiation, pathogens, drugs, as well as endogenous metabolic disorders. The cellular response is associated, among others, with changes in lipid metabolism, mainly due to the oxidation and the action of lipolytic enzymes. Products of oxidative fragmentation/cyclization of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) [4-HNE, MDA, 8-isoprostanes, neuroprostanes] and eicosanoids generated as a result of the enzymatic metabolism of PUFAs significantly modify cellular metabolism, including inflammation and the functioning of the immune system by interfering with intracellular molecular signaling. The key regulators of inflammation, the effectiveness of which can be regulated by interacting with the products of lipid metabolism under oxidative stress, are inflammasome complexes. An example is both negative or positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activity by 4-HNE depending on the severity of oxidative stress. 4-HNE modifies NLRP3 activity by both direct interaction with NLRP3 and alteration of NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, prostaglandin E2 is known to be positively correlated with both NLRP3 and NLRC4 activity, while its potential interference with AIM2 or NLRP1 activity is unproven. Therefore, the influence of PUFA metabolites on the activity of well-characterized inflammasome complexes is reviewed.
Capture-based hatchery of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Vietnam: an analysis of resource utilisation and challenges
Authors: Vo Son Nam , Cu Thuy Thi Le , Chau Tao Tai , Nguyen Long Thanh , Tang Tinh Thien , Au Hoa Van , Tran Khoa Nguyen Duy , Nguyen Quynh Do , Ho Viet Van , Trinh Tu Quang , Phan Tran Bao , Norden Wendy , Nguyen Phuong Thanh
Published: September 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to evaluate the status, resource use, and challenges of the capture-based hatchery of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) (BTS).

Methods

Data was obtained through the investigation of 15 broodstock fishing boats and 60 capture-based BTS broodstock hatcheries. Resource use index (RUI) of the capture-based BTS hatchery, calculated from 1,000 female brooders to produce 15-day-old post-larvae (PL15) (production efficiency of PL15, or PE-PL15), was analysed.

Results

The results indicated that the fishing boats captured an average of 5,900 brooders.boat-1.year-1, 20,856 kg of by catch.boat-1.year-1, and the PE-PL15 production of 937 million for 1,000 female brooders. In the hatchery stage, the use of larger body weight female brooders had benefits in terms of higher survival rate and better efficiency of labour use, Artemia cyst, and probiotic products, but it reduced the efficiency use of chemicals, pellets, and total tank volume of the hatchery.

Discussion

There is increasing use of domesticated brooder sources, but wild-caught brooders still play an important role in producing low-cost PL15 for traditional shrimp farming systems, accounting for most farmed BTS production. Therefore, the certification of good practices should be implemented to capture-based BTS hatcheries for the reasonable use of this brooder resource to sustain BTS farming in Vietnam.
Investigating the structural, electronic, and optical properties of the novel double perovskite K2AgBiI6 using DFT
Authors: Karouchi Mohamed , Ejjabli Abdelkebir , Bajjou Omar , Guerroum Jamal , Al-Hattab Mohamed , Basyooni-M. Kabatas Mohamed A. , Rahmani Khalid , Lachtioui Youssef
Published: September 2024

In this groundbreaking study, we unveil the remarkable structural, electronic, and optical Properties of the newly discovered double perovskite material, K2AgBiI6, presenting a paradigm shift in materials science. The unique crystal structure and diverse atomic interactions inherent in this double perovskite make it an up-and-coming candidate for various technological applications, particularly in photovoltaics; owing to its stability and resistance to heat and humidity, we aim to shed light on the extraordinary potential of K2AgBiI6. Our study provides valuable insights for researchers engaged in tailored material design. We anticipate that the exceptional electronic properties of K2AgBiI6will not only redefine the boundaries of materials engineering but also catalyze unprecedented advances in sustainable technology. Employing the powerful computational tool CASTEP, we conducted detailed electronic structure calculations within the framework of Density Functional Theory (DFT) to unravel the electronic properties of the double perovskite K2AgBiI6. Our investigation thoroughly explored structural properties, band structure, total density of states (DOS), and partial density of states (PDOS). Furthermore, we systematically examined the influence of different exchange-correlation functionals, including LDA, GGA, and m-GGA, on the electronic and optical features of the material by presenting a comparative analysis of these approximations.
Deep learning infused SIRVD model for COVID-19 prediction: XGBoost-SIRVD-LSTM approach
Authors: Alkhalefah Hisham , Preethi D. , Khare Neelu , Abidi Mustufa Haider , Umer Usama
Published: September 2024

The global impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, while somewhat contained, remains a critical challenge that has tested the resilience of humanity. Accurate and timely prediction of COVID-19 transmission dynamics and future trends is essential for informed decision-making in public health. Deep learning and mathematical models have emerged as promising tools, yet concerns regarding accuracy persist. This research suggests a novel model for forecasting the COVID-19’s future trajectory. The model combines the benefits of machine learning models and mathematical models. The SIRVD model, a mathematical based model that depicts the reach of the infection via population, serves as basis for the proposed model. A deep prediction model for COVID-19 using XGBoost-SIRVD-LSTM is presented. The suggested approach combines Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Vaccinated-Deceased (SIRVD), and a deep learning model, which includes Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and other prediction models, including feature selection using XGBoost method. The model keeps track of changes in each group’s membership over time. To increase the SIRVD model’s accuracy, machine learning is applied. The key properties for forecasting the spread of the infection are found using a method called feature selection. Then, in order to learn from these features and create predictions, a model involving deep learning is applied. The performance of the model proposed was assessed with prediction metrics such as R2, root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE). The results are also validated to those of other prediction models. The empirical results show that the suggested model outperforms similar models. Findings suggest its potential as a valuable tool for pandemic management and public health decision-making.
α-Lipoic acid: a potential regulator of copper metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kirss Sigrid , Reinapu Anette , Kabin Ekaterina , Smirnova Julia , Tõugu Vello , Palumaa Peep
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by classic hallmarks such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, however, intensive research has broadened its scope to explore additional underlying mechanisms. Notably, disruptions in metal homeostasis, particularly involving copper, have gained significant attention. In AD pathology, an imbalance is evident: there is an excess of extracellular copper alongside a deficiency in intracellular copper in brain tissue. Our previous work demonstrated that α-lipoic acid (LA) can effectively shift copper from the extracellular space to the intracellular environment in a neuronal cell model. However, the precise mechanism of action and role of LA in copper metabolism remained elusive. In this study, we compared the cellular effects of LA with those of different synthetic copper-binding ligands: diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC), clioquinol (CQ), D-penicillamine (D-PA) and elesclomol (ES). Using differentiated SH-SY5Y cell culture as a neuronal model, we found that, unlike other synthetic compounds, natural ligand LA is not toxic in the presence of extracellular copper, even at high doses. LA gradually increased intracellular copper levels over 24 h. In contrast, DETC, CQ, and ES acted as fast copper ionophores, potentially explaining their higher toxicity compared to LA. D-PA did not facilitate copper uptake into cells. We demonstrated that a slow increase of LA inside the cells is enhanced in the presence of copper. Furthermore, the ability of LA to modulate the equilibrium of extra- and intracellular copper was evident when we added copper isotope 65Cu. The ratio of copper isotopes changed rapidly, reflecting the impact of LA on the equilibrium of copper distribution without affecting the copper transport network. Our results provide compelling evidence that α-lipoic acid holds promise as a non-toxic agent capable of normalizing copper metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease.
Genome-wide identification of the E-class gene family in wheat: evolution, expression, and interaction
Authors: Bai Xionghui , Qiao Pengfei , Liu Hanxiao , Shang Yuping , Guo Jie , Dai Keli
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is among themost important crop worldwide. Given a growing population and changing climate, enhancing wheat yield is of great importance. Yield is closely associated with flower and spike development, and E-class genes play important roles in the flower and kernel development of plants. Currently, the absence of systematic analysis on the E gene family hinders our comprehension of their roles in plant growth and development.

Methods

Identify E-class genes based on homologous sequence searches. Analyze the identified E-class genes through a series of gene family analyses. Determine the expression levels of wheat E-class genes by searching public databases. Validate the functions of these genes by transforming them into Arabidopsis. Finally, determine the interactions between the genes through yeast two-hybrid experiments.

Results

Fifteen E-class genes (TaEs) were identified in common wheat. Nine E-class genes were detected in five ancestral/closely related species, including one in Aegilops tauschii (AtE), one in T. Urartu (TuEs), two in T. turgidum (TtEs), two in T. dicoccoides (TdEs), and three in T. spelta (TsEs). The 24 E-class genes were classified into three subgroups using a phylogenetic approach. All genes were highly expressed in spikes, and most were only highly expressed at the floret meristem stage. The effects of TaSEP5-A on flowering and growth cycles were confirmed in homologous mutants and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. The E-class genes were able to regulate the growth cycle of Arabidopsis. Finally, we confirmed the interactions between TaSEP5-A and other wheat E-class genes based on yeast two-hybrid assays.

Discussion

Our findings provide information regarding the E-class genes in wheat and will potentially promote the application of these genes in wheat improvement.
An optimized live imaging and multiple cell layer growth analysis approach using Arabidopsis sepals
Authors: Singh Yadav Avilash , Roeder Adrienne H. K.
Published: September 2024

Arabidopsis thaliana sepals are excellent models for analyzing growth of entire organs due to their relatively small size, which can be captured at a cellular resolution under a confocal microscope. To investigate how differential growth of connected cell layers generate unique organ morphologies, it is necessary to live-image deep into the tissue. However, imaging deep cell layers of the sepal (or plant tissues in general) is practically challenging. Image processing is also difficult due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of the deeper tissue layers, an issue mainly associated with live imaging datasets. Addressing some of these challenges, we provide an optimized methodology for live imaging sepals, and subsequent image processing. For live imaging early-stage sepals, we found that the use of a bright fluorescent membrane marker, coupled with increased laser intensity and an enhanced Z- resolution produces high-quality images suitable for downstream image processing. Our optimized parameters allowed us to image the bottommost cell layer of the sepal (inner epidermal layer) without compromising viability. We used a ‘voxel removal’ technique to visualize the inner epidermal layer in MorphoGraphX image processing software. We also describe the MorphoGraphX parameters for creating a 2.5D mesh surface for the inner epidermis. Our parameters allow for the segmentation and parent tracking of individual cells through multiple time points, despite the weak signal of the inner epidermal cells. While we have used sepals to illustrate our approach, the methodology will be useful for researchers intending to live-image and track growth of deeper cell layers in 2.5D for any plant tissue.
Balancing on a slack line – Staffs’ experiences of talking about sexuality and sexual health with patients cared for in forensic psychiatry in Sweden
Authors: Lindskog Anna , Lindroth Malin , Holmgren Kristina , Gunnarsson Anna Birgitta
Published: September 2024

Sexuality is a central part of being human, however, talking about sexual health is generally avoided in forensic psychiatry. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how healthcare professionals experience talking about sexuality and sexual health with patients cared for in forensic psychiatry. Individual interviews were conducted with eighteen healthcare professionals from ten different forensic psychiatry care units in Sweden. The interviews were semi-structured, and the data was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The findings showed the overarching theme “Balancing on a slack line”. The conversations the healthcare professionals have about sexuality and sexual health with patients in this setting are affected by forensic psychiatry’s dual mission; to provide care and at the same time protect patients and society. These conversations can be about opening up for having responsive conversations, but also closing conversations since the field of sexuality and sexual health is fraught with norms and preconceptions. To be able to conduct these conversations can be a challenge since the professionals can experience uncertainty due to a lack of competence, indicating that knowledge and resources are needed to facilitate conversations. In conclusion, the study indicates that there is a lack of support and structure for performing conversations about sexuality and sexual health in forensic psychiatry care, and there is a need for increased knowledge among healthcare professionals. In order to support staff, the forensic psychiatry services need to acknowledge the national guidelines for sexual and reproductive health and rights and to develop and adapt the local guidelines.
GIS-based assessment of spatial and temporal disparities of urban health index in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Yongheng Duan , Shan Xie , Fei Liu , Jinglin Tang , Liyue Gong , Xiaoying Liu , Tingxiao Wen , Hongrui Wang
Published: September 2024

Purpose

To explore the inter-regional health index at the city level to contribute to the reduction of health inequalities.

Methods

Employed the health determinant model to select indicators for the urban health index of Shenzhen City. Utilized principal component analysis, the weights of these indicators are determined to construct the said health index. Subsequently, the global Moran’s index and local Moran’s index are utilized to investigate the geographical spatial distribution of the urban health index across various administrative districts within Shenzhen.

Results

The level of urban health index in Shenzhen exhibits spatial clustering and demonstrates a positive spatial correlation (2017, Moran’s I = 0.237; 2019, Moran’s I = 0.226; 2021, Moran’s I = 0.217). However, it is noted that this clustering displays a relatively low probability (90% confidence interval). Over the period from 2017 to 2019, this spatial clustering gradually diminishes, suggesting a narrowing of health inequality within economically developed urban areas.

Conclusion

Our study reveals the urban health index in a relatively high-income (Shenzhen) in a developing country. Certain spatially correlated areas in Shenzhen present opportunities for the government to address health disparities through regional connectivity.
Tailored exercise with telehealth monitoring improves adherence and global health in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Vecchiato Marco , Duregon Federica , Zanardo Emanuele , Baioccato Veronica , Quinto Giulia , Livio Alberto , Mazzucato Barbara , Sarri Chiara , Bellis Lia , Carella Claudia , Cardillo Massimo , Neunhaeuserer Daniel , Ermolao Andrea , Battista Francesca
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Tailored exercise prescription is a crucial intervention for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). This longitudinal study investigates the impact on long-term effectiveness of exercise prescriptions over one year follow-up, implementing telehealth tools for exercise administration and adherence monitoring.

Materials and methods

KTRs were evaluated with clinical assessments including body composition, blood and urinary parameters, physical performance and quality of life at baseline (T0), after six (T6) and twelve (T12) months. The adherence to prescribed exercise training was monitored via video call interviews until T6 when the sample was divided into a group monitored via wearables (WG) and a group continuing video calls (VG) until T12.

Results

Twenty-six KTRs completed the study. No changes in body composition and kidney function were reported. KTRs showed an improvement in lipid profile, systolic blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life. WG showed no clinical differences compared to VG except for reported higher quality of life.

Discussion

A good adherence to the exercise prescription was obtained with both monitoring methods (232 vs 253 min/week). This study reinforces the inclusion exercise training for KTRs to enhance physical fitness and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. These results emphasize the role of telehealth monitoring methods as motivators for adherence to long-term exercise prescriptions.
A New Accurate Aircraft Trajectory Prediction in Terminal Airspace Based on Spatio-Temporal Attention Mechanism
Authors: Dong Xingchen , Tian Yong , Dai Linyanran , Li Jiangchen , Wan Lili
Published: September 2024

Trajectory prediction serves as a prerequisite for future trajectory-based operation, significantly reducing the uncertainty of aircraft movement information within airspace by scientifically forecasting the three-dimensional positions of aircraft over a certain period. As convergence points in the aviation network, airport terminal airspace exhibits the most complex traffic conditions in the entire air route network. It has stronger mutual influences and interactions among aircraft compared to the en-route phase. Current research typically uses the trajectory time series information of a single aircraft as input for subsequent predictions. However, it often lacks consideration of the close-range spatial interactions between multiple aircraft in the terminal airspace. This results in a gap in the study of aircraft trajectory prediction that couples spatiotemporal features. This paper aims to predict the four-dimensional trajectories of aircraft in terminal airspace, constructing a Spatio-Temporal Transformer (ST-Transformer) prediction model based on temporal and spatial attention mechanisms. Using radar aircraft trajectory data from the Guangzhou Baiyun Airport terminal airspace, the results indicate that the proposed ST-Transformer model has a smaller prediction error compared to mainstream deep learning prediction models. This demonstrates that the model can better integrate the temporal sequence correlation of trajectory features and the potential spatial interaction information among trajectories for accurate prediction.
Trophic Ecology of the Pyjama Shark Poroderma africanum (Gmelin, 1789) Elucidated by Stable Isotopes
Authors: Caracausi Luca , Da Ros Zaira , Premici Alice , Gennari Enrico , Fanelli Emanuela
Published: September 2024

Sharks may occupy both intermediate and upper levels of marine food webs. They are overfished worldwide and constitute one of the largest portions of the bycatch. The removal of top-predator species has negative cascading effects on the entire food web, causing the “mesopredator release” phenomenon, which leads to an increase in mesopredators with consequent changes in the ecosystem’s energetic balance. Despite their important ecological role, information on their trophic ecology is limited. This essential information can be obtained through the analysis of stomach contents and, more recently, by using less invasive techniques, such as the stable isotope analysis of muscle tissue, obtained through biopsies. Here, we analysed the trophic ecology of the pyjama shark or striped catshark Poroderma africanum, an endemic species of South Africa, by means of SIA. The results obtained from SIA were analysed using the R SIMMR and SIBER packages to estimate the contribution of potential food sources to the diet and to evaluate the extent of the trophic niches. The SIMMR outputs showed that adults select more benthic prey than juveniles, which consume more planktonic species, with juveniles being more generalist than adults, according to SIBER outputs. As assessed by IUCN, the population of P. africanum is increasing, and given its role as mesopredator, future monitoring efforts could be crucial to elucidating their potential effects in marine food webs.
Multi-Source Image Fusion Based Regional Classification Method for Apple Diseases and Pests
Authors: Li Hengzhao , Tan Bowen , Sun Leiming , Liu Hanye , Zhang Haixi , Liu Bin
Published: September 2024

Efficient diagnosis of apple diseases and pests is crucial to the healthy development of the apple industry. However, the existing single-source image-based classification methods have limitations due to the constraints of single-source input image information, resulting in low classification accuracy and poor stability. Therefore, a classification method for apple disease and pest areas based on multi-source image fusion is proposed in this paper. Firstly, RGB images and multispectral images are obtained using drones to construct an apple diseases and pests canopy multi-source image dataset. Secondly, a vegetation index selection method based on saliency attention is proposed, which uses a multi-label ReliefF feature selection algorithm to obtain the importance scores of vegetation indices, enabling the automatic selection of vegetation indices. Finally, an apple disease and pest area multi-label classification model named AMMFNet is constructed, which effectively combines the advantages of RGB and multispectral multi-source images, performs data-level fusion of multi-source image data, and combines channel attention mechanisms to exploit the complementary aspects between multi-source data. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed AMMFNet achieves a significant subset accuracy of 92.92%, a sample accuracy of 85.43%, and an F1 value of 86.21% on the apple disease and pest multi-source image dataset, representing improvements of 8.93% and 10.9% compared to prediction methods using only RGB or multispectral images. The experimental results also proved that the proposed method can provide technical support for the coarse-grained positioning of diseases and pests in apple orchards and has good application potential in the apple planting industry.
Optimal Gliding Trajectories for Descent on Mars
Authors: Murcia-Piñeros Jhonathan , Prado Antônio F. B. A. , Dimino Ignazio , de Moraes Rodolpho V.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, optimal gliding trajectories are analyzed, formulating an optimal control problem to be solved computationally via nonlinear programming. A multi-objective terminal cost function that minimizes the velocity, altitude, horizontal flight path angle, and the error of a desired terminal point is formulated. The results are validated via Monte Carlo simulations, analyzing the influence of the variations in the lift-to-drag ratios in the atmospheric entry. The results show feasible solutions for minimizing the distance to the desired final point, which have significant practical implications for the controlled gliding entry of a spaceplane on Mars. In this sense, the results also show that the longitudes of the landing points do not change too much for almost all trajectories, while the latitude of these points is in the interval of about 4 degrees for the majority of the trajectories. This suggests that it is possible to implement an optimal control approach with reasonable accuracy for the controlled gliding entry of a spaceplane on Mars, even in the presence of some uncertainties regarding the aerodynamic performance of the spacecraft, such as the lift-to-drag ratio.
Soil Genesis of Alluvial Parent Material in the Qinghai Lake Basin (NE Qinghai–Tibet Plateau) Revealed Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating
Authors: Zhang Shuaiqi , E Chongyi , Ji Xianba , Li Ping , Peng Qiang , Zhang Zhaokang , Zhang Qi
Published: September 2024

Alluvial parent material soil is an important soil type found on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) in China. However, due to the limited age data for alluvial soils, the relationship between alluvial geomorphological processes and soil pedogenic processes remains unclear. In this study, three representative alluvial parent material profiles on the Buha River alluvial plain in the Qinghai Lake Basin, northeast QTP, were analyzed using the optical luminescence (OSL) dating method. Combined with physical and chemical analyses of the soil, we further analyzed the pedogenic process of alluvial soil. The alluvial parent material of the Buha alluvial plain predominately yielded ages between 11.9 and 9.1 ka, indicating that the alluvial soil began to form during the early Holocene. The development of the alluvial soil on the first-order terrace presents characteristics of entisol with multiple burial episodes, mainly between 8.5 and 4.0 ka, responding to the warm and humid middle Holocene and high lake levels.
Two-Dimensional Mammography Imaging Techniques for Screening Women with Silicone Breast Implants: A Pilot Phantom Study
Authors: Fitton Isabelle , Tsapaki Virginia , Zerbib Jonathan , Decoux Antoine , Kumar Amit , Stembert Aude , Malchair Françoise , Van Ngoc Ty Claire , Fournier Laure
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of three two-dimensional (2D) mammographic acquisition techniques on image quality and radiation dose in the presence of silicone breast implants (BIs). Then, we propose and validate a new International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) phantom to reproduce these techniques. Images were acquired on a single Hologic Selenia Dimensions® unit. The mammography of the left breast of a single clinical case was included. Three methods of image acquisition were identified. They were based on misused, recommended, and reference settings. In the clinical case, image criteria scoring and the signal-to-noise ratio on breast tissue (SNRBT) were determined for two 2D projections and compared between the three techniques. The phantom study first compared the reference and misused settings by varying the AEC sensor position and, second, the recommended settings with a reduced current-time product (mAs) setting that was 13% lower. The signal-difference-to-noise ratio (SDNR) and detectability indexes at 0.1 mm (d’ 0.1 mm) and 0.25 mm (d’ 0.25 mm) were automatically quantified using ATIA software. Average glandular dose (AGD) values were collected for each acquisition. A statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis and corrected Dunn tests (p < 0.05). The SNRBT was 2.6 times lower and the AGD was −18% lower with the reference settings compared to the recommended settings. The SNRBT values increased by +98% with the misused compared to the recommended settings. The AGD increased by +79% with the misused settings versus the recommended settings. The median values of the reference settings were 5.8 (IQR 5.7–5.9), 1.2 (IQR 0.0), 7.0 (IQR 6.8–7.2) and 1.2 (IQR 0.0) mGy and were significantly lower than those of the misused settings (p < 0.03): 7.9 (IQR 6.1–9.7), 1.6 (IQR 1.3–1.9), 9.2 (IQR 7.5–10.9) and 2.2 (IQR 1.4–3.0) mGy for the SDNR, d’ 0.1 mm, d’ 0.25 mm and the AGD, respectively. A comparison of the recommended and reduced settings showed a reduction of −6.1 ± 0.6% (p = 0.83), −7.7 ± 0.0% (p = 0.18), −6.4 ± 0.6% (p = 0.19) and −13.3 ± 1.1% (p = 0.53) for the SDNR, d’ 0.1 mm, d’ 0.25 mm and the AGD, respectively. This study showed that the IAEA phantom could be used to reproduce the three techniques for acquiring 2D mammography images in the presence of breast implants for raising awareness and for educational purposes. It could also be used to evaluate and optimize the manufacturer’s recommended settings.
Glaucoma: Current and New Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Lee Hsin-Pei , Tsung Ta-Hsin , Tsai Yu-Chien , Chen Yi-Hao , Lu Da-Wen
Published: September 2024

Glaucoma is identified by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The primary approach to managing glaucoma is to control intraocular pressure (IOP). Lately, there has been an increasing focus on neuroprotective therapies for glaucoma because of the limited effectiveness of standard methods in reducing IOP and preventing ongoing vision deterioration in certain glaucoma patients. Various drug-based techniques with neuroprotective properties have demonstrated the ability to decrease the mortality of retinal ganglion cells. This study will analyze the currently recommended drug-based techniques for neuroprotection in the prospective treatment of glaucoma.
Coronary Arteries Lesions in Kawasaki Disease: Risk Factors in an Italian Cohort
Authors: Morana Elisabetta , Guida Fiorentina , Andreozzi Laura , Frazzoni Leonardo , Baselli Lucia Augusta , Lami Francesca , Corinaldesi Elena , Cicero Cristina , Mambelli Lorenzo , Bigucci Barbara , Taddio Andrea , Ghizzi Chiara , Cappella Michela , Fernicola Paola , Lanari Marcello , Zagari Rocco Maurizio , Fabi Marianna
Published: September 2024

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of medium arteries, particularly involving coronary arteries. Coronary artery lesions (CALs) is the most serious complication in the acute stage, potentially leading to ischemic cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction and sudden death. Environmental factors and genetic background contribute to individual susceptibility to develop CALs. The aim of this study was to define the risk factors for CALs in an Italian cohort. Methods: Data of KD patients from 10 Italian sites were registered into a REDCap database where demographic and clinical data, laboratory findings and coronary status were recorded. KD was diagnosed according to AHA definition. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for CALs. Results: A total of 517 patients were enrolled, mainly Caucasians (83.6%). Presentation was complete in 321 patients (62.8%) and IVIG responsiveness in 360 (70%). CALs developed in 136/517 (26.31%). Gender, age, ethnicity, clinical presentation, fever duration, non-coronary cardiac events, Hb, albumin and CRP were significantly different between patients with and without CALs, while seasonality was not. Male gender, age < 18 months, Asian ethnicity, incomplete presentation and fever > 10 days were independent risk factors for CALs. Conclusions: Age younger than 18 months, incomplete KD and longer fever duration are risk factors for CALs. Asian ethnicity also represents a risk factor in our Italian Cohort.
Does Eosinophil Heterogeneity Translate into Functional Diversity? A Review of the Evolving Paradigm of Eosinophil Heterogeneity in Asthma
Authors: Wilson Gabriella E. , Gautam Samir , Chupp Geoffrey L.
Published: September 2024

This review provides an overview of evidence supporting the existence of distinct homeostatic and inflammatory eosinophil subpopulations in health and disease. Particular emphasis is placed on describing the phenotypic and functional roles of these eosinophil subtypes in asthma, as well as the phenotypic changes induced by clinical therapy with the anti-IL-5 biologic agent, mepolizumab. Improved understanding of distinct eosinophil phenotypes may enable targeting of select subpopulations in the treatment of patients with type 2 inflammatory diseases such as asthma.