bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOTIFS OF CHRISTIAN ETHICS IN ZACHARIAS TOPELIUS POETRY
Authors: KAZAKOVA MARIA , KHMYLOVA STEFANIIA
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the motifs of Christian ethics in the poetry of a Finnish poet, writer, historian, and journalist Zacharias Topelius, whose artistic world view was shaped under the influence of the ideological and aesthetic Christian tradition. The relevance of the topic is determined by the growing interest in studying the representation of the motives of Christian morality in the works of European writers, as well as by the fact that the topic has not been sufficiently studied in Russia. References to the biblical texts enable us to trace the spiritual development of Topelius’s lyrical hero into the conscious cognition of his purpose. The author identifies the dominant set of Christian motifs represented by the motifs of purification and humility of soul through suffering. It is proved that Topelius’s works form a consistently built individual author’s model of the artistic embodiment of the main provisions of Christianity.
Impact of institutional environment on financial development: a literary review
Authors:   State Institution ", Pavlo Kerimov ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: October 2021

This literary review is focused on outlining approaches to institutional environment and financial development nexus, described in modern Western literature. Its existence is necessitated by the insufficient use of such sources in domestic studies on the subject, which results in inconsistencies in categorical apparatus, methodic approaches and of acquired results. The review is limited to practical Western studies with sufficient statistical apparatus and is concentrated on their choice of representative variables, expected and factual interrelations between said variables and on plausibility of their results. Based on the reviewed literature, it was possible to come up with a number of conclusions, such as: lack of general theoretical model of institutional-financial development nexus behind reviewed regression models; insufficiency of narrowly defined financial depth index to represent financial development as a whole, and need to compliment it with financial institutions’ operational effectiveness indicators, as well as other financial system components’ resource potential indicators, and recipients’ access to financial resources indicators; limitation of currently available institutional development indicators to two sets, both of which are expert-defined aggregated indicators; existence of substantial difference in factors of institutional development influencing financial system in developed and underdeveloped countries. Also, some of the further research perspectives are outlined, such as examining institutional-financial development nexus using PCA-aggregated extended financial development indicators, and researching institutional-financial development nexus using data envelopment analysis based on the statistical data on developed countries.
Next-Generation Sequencing as an Auxiliary Tool in Pediatric Laryngeal Lymphoma Diagnosis
Authors: Munjal Tina , Vukkadala Neelaysh , Hazard Florette K. , Meister Kara D.
Published: October 2021

Lymphomatous involvement of the larynx is a rare entity. We present a case of atypical laryngotracheitis as the initial manifestation of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a pediatric patient. The diagnosis was aided through the use of microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) testing, which detected the presence of Epstein-Barr virus in the patient’s plasma. This enabled the consideration of an Epstein-Barr virus–related lymphoproliferative process, leading to additional workup and the final diagnosis of lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of mcfDNA testing leading not simply to an infectious organism, but further to a new oncologic diagnosis. Plasma mcfDNA testing has the potential to inform clinical practice beyond classic infectious disease manifestations. In this article, we review both the possible future applications and the areas of further investigation that remain.
Update on Phototherapy and Childhood Cancer in a Northern California Cohort
Authors: Digitale Jean C. , Kim Mi-Ok , Kuzniewicz Michael W. , Newman Thomas B.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to reassess the relationship between phototherapy and cancer in an extended version of a previous cohort and to replicate a report from Quebec of increased cancer risk after phototherapy beginning at age 4 years.

METHODS

This cohort study included 139 100 children born at ≥35 weeks’ gestation from 1995 to 2017, followed through March 16, 2019, in Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals who had a qualifying bilirubin level from −3 mg/dL to +4.9 mg/dL from the American Academy of Pediatrics phototherapy threshold; an additional 40 780 children and 5 years of follow-up from our previous report. The exposure was inpatient phototherapy (yes or no), and the outcomes were various types of childhood cancer. We used Cox proportional hazard models, controlling for propensity-score quintiles, and allowed for time-dependent exposure effects to assess for the risk of cancer after a latent period.

RESULTS

Over a mean (SD) follow-up of 8.2 (5.7) years, the crude incidence of cancer per 100 000 person-years was 25.1 among those exposed to phototherapy and 19.2 among those not exposed (233 cases of cancer). After propensity adjustment, phototherapy was not associated with any cancer (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83–1.54), hematopoietic cancer (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.74–1.83), or solid tumors (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.65–1.58). We also found no association with cancer diagnoses at age ≥4 years.

CONCLUSIONS

We did not confirm previous, concerning associations between phototherapy and adjusted risk of any cancer, nonlymphocytic leukemia, or brain and/or central nervous systems tumors in later childhood.
МІСЦЕ МОВИ В СИМВОЛІЧНОМУ ОБМІНІ ЗГІДНО З УЯВЛЕННЯМИ ЖАНА БОДРІЙЯРА
Authors: Holovko Andrii Anatoliyovich
Published: October 2021

Розглядаються теоретичні засади вчення Жана Бодрійяра про мову у розрізі його культурологічних і соціально-філософських концепцій. Проведений комплексний аналіз програмних робіт Ж.Бодрійяра, а також здійснена реконструкція його поглядів на місце мови в сучасному суспільстві. Досліджені взаємовідносини складових знаково-референційної системи в умовах симуляції і гіперреальності.
Роль громадських організацій під час пандемії у суспільній консолідації України
Authors: Yelnikova Mariia
Published: October 2021

У статті розглядається роль громадських організацій (далі – ГО) у боротьбі з пандемією COVID-19. Визначено основні проблеми та загрози серед населення, до яких призвела пандемія COVID-19. Окреслено основні напрями та цілі, в діяльності ГО в Україні. Виявлено проблеми та слабкі сторони, які виникають у процесі співпраці громадських організацій з владними структурами. Основну увагу зосереджено на пріоритетних важелях впливу ГО у боротьбі з пандемією. Епідемія, яка охопила весь світ, в тому числі українське суспільство на порозі 2020 року, чітко демонструє, що члени ГО та волонтери, є важливими діячами у розбудові громадянського суспільства, зокрема процесах суспільної консолідації України. Аргументами, які слугують цьому процесу є: створення та функціонування під час пандемії, величезної кількості громадських організацій та благодійних фондів у всіх областях України, які поставили собі за мету – допомагати звичайним жителям та представникам медицини, на засадах благодійності та благородства. Разом з тим, пандемія COVID-19, чітко продемонструвала ті важливі виклики, які слід негайно вирішувати урядам держав, світовим спільнотам та міжнародним товариствам. Наведено ряд аргументів на користь функціонування громадської організації як важливого соціального інституту у боротьбі з пандемією, який спроможний сприяти суспільній консолідації України.
СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВО ІЗРАЇЛЮ З США ТА ЄС ЩОДО ВРЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЯДЕРНОЇ ПРОГРАМИ ІРАНУ
Authors: Cheban Oleksandr Yakovych
Published: October 2021

У статті розглянута взаємодія між Ізраїлем, Європейським Союзом та Сполученими Штатами Америки щодо вирішення проблеми розвитку ядерної програми Ірану. У статті відзначено, що її метою є проаналізувати політику Ізраїлю, США та ЄС щодо вирішення проблеми іранської ядерної програми. У роботі були застосовані дослідницькі методи контент-аналізу, системного аналізу та компаративістського аналізу. У статті відзначено, що США та ЄС відіграють важливу роль у міжнародних зусиллях щодо дипломатичного вирішення проблеми іранської ядерної програми, але водночас Вашингтону та Брюсселю доводиться враховувати позицію Єрусалиму щодо ядерної політики Тегерану, оскільки від єврейської держави багато в чому залежить мир у близькосхідному регіоні.  У статті здійснено порівняльний аналіз позицій Ізраїлю, США та ЄС щодо іранської ядерної програми та простежена еволюція політики Єрусалиму, Вашингтону та Брюсселю щодо ядерної політики Тегерану. Зроблено висновок, що позиція Ізраїлю щодо іранської ядерної програми фактично не змінювалася упродовж останніх двох десятиліть, у той час як позиції США та ЄС дещо видозмінювалися, що не завжди знаходило схвалення у Єрусалимі. У статті зроблено припущення про те, що в майбутньому повне зближення позицій Вашингтону, Брюсселю та Єрусалиму відбудеться лише в тому випадку, якщо Іран продовжить безконтрольне нарощування своєї ядерної програми і відмовлятиметься від поступок у ядерних питаннях.
Instrumento para medir a intenção de reduzir o consumo de sal em pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca
Authors: Sousa Mailson Marques de , Gouveia Bernadete de Lourdes André , Almeida Taciana da Costa Farias , Freire Maria Eliane Moreira , Sousa Francisco Stélio de , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: construir e validar instrumento para medir a intenção comportamental de reduzir o consumo de sal na dieta em pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca.
Materiais e métodos: estudo metodológico, fundamentado na Theory of Planned Behavior, desenvolvido em três etapas: construção do instrumento, validação de conteúdo com juízes especialistas e validaçãosemântica com 30 pessoas da população-alvo, de março a setembro de 2018, no município de João Pessoa, Brasil.
Resultados: participaram da validação de conteúdo seis juízes especialistas. O instrumento conta com 30 itens distribuídos nos construtos atitude, norma subjetiva e controle comportamental percebido. O índice de validade de conteúdo mostrouse satisfatório (≥ 80 %). Na validação semântica, o instrumento foi considerado claro e compreensível.
Conclusões: como produto, dispõe-se de instrumento válido quanto ao seu conteúdo e compreensão, podendo ser aplicado em estudo-piloto para avaliar sua qualidade psicométrica em medir o comportamento de interesse no contexto da insuficiência cardíaca.
Visão de enfermeiros sobre um protocolo de prevenção e tratamento de feridas
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Paulino de , Rodrigues Maísa Paulino , Melo Ricardo Henrique Vieira de , Vilar Rosana Lúcia Alves de , Sampaio Ana Tânia Lopes
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: analisar a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o protocolo de prevenção e tratamento de feridas utilizado na Atenção Primária à Saúde em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil.
Materiais e método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistadas 20 enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família, que fizeram uso regular do protocolo denominado Guia básico de prevenção e tratamento de feridas. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram questionário e observação direta. Os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise temática de conteúdo.
Resultados:emergiram duas categorias: Percepção sobre o protocolo, que foi subdividida em sistematização do tratamento de feridas, satisfação profissional e internalização da visão integral; Mudanças efetivadas com a implantação do protocolo, que esteve relacionada com a aquisição de novos conhecimentos, com o aumento do percentual de cura e com a satisfação do usuário. A utilização do protocolo orientou a condução do tratamento, minimizando o sofrimento físicopsíquico e os impactos socioeconômicos aos usuários e a seus familiares.
Conclusões: a implantação do protocolo permitiu a padronização das ações assistenciais no tratamento de pessoas com feridas. Evidenciaram-se a satisfação e a segurança na conduta no manejo das lesões, com aceleração dos processos de cicatrização, o que promoveu maior cuidado em saúde. Sugere-se a potencialização da assistência humanizada às pessoas com feridas para a valorização dos enfermeiros. A assistência sistematizada pode contribuir para uma maior adesão ao tratamento e para o fortalecimento das práticas desenvolvidas no território.
Egyetemi tanári pályázatok minimális publikációs követelményeinek változása és várható hatása a társadalomtudományok területén
Authors: Sasvári Péter , Ludányi Brigitta
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. Az egyetemi tanári pályázat összeállításához és
értékeléséhez összeállított, a Magyar Akkreditációs Bizottság által elfogadott
módosított útmutató 2020. szeptember 1-jétől lépett hatályba. A módosított
követelményrendszer vizionálja a jelenlegi értékmérők átalakulását. A tudományos
teljesítmény súlypontjaivá a folyóirat-publikációk váltak, azonban a hazai
közlemények önmagukban nem elegendőek, a nemzetközi láthatóság és minőségi
rangsor feltétele a nemzetközi publikálás, amely egyúttal a tudományos fokozatok
elérésének is feltételévé vált. Jelen tanulmány a gazdaságtudomány, valamint a
társadalomtudományok területén működő magyarországi egyetemek oktatóinak
publikációs tevékenységén keresztül vizsgálja a módosított követelményrendszer
hatását és következményeit az egyetemi tanári pályázat, valamint tágabb
értelemben a nemzetközi tudományos elismertség vonatkozásában.

Summary. The modified Guidelines for the Compilation and Evaluation
of the Applications for the Position of University Full Professors approved by
the Hungarian Accreditation Committee was to enter into force on the 1st of
September in 2020. The reshaped requirement system envisions the transformation
of current assessment criteria. Journal publications have become the focus of
scientific performance, however, publications in domestic journals alone are not
enough; apart from being required for achieving international scientific
visibility and quality ranking, international publications have also become a
prerequisite for scientific degrees. The present study examines the impact and
consequences of the modified requirement system on university professorships
and, in a broader sense, on their international scientific recognition through
the publication activities of lecturers from Hungarian universities in the
fields of Economics and social sciences.
HANNA: Gamifikált digitális tananyag hátrányos helyzetű tanulók nyelvtanulásának segítésére
Authors: Abari Kálmán , Szabó Fruzsina , Polonyi Tünde
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. Gyorsan változó világunkban az oktatásnak lépést kell
tartania a változásokkal, ezért szükséges a módszertan folyamatos fejlesztése, a
tanítási-tanulási folyamat harmonikusabb illesztése a változó igényekhez.
Oktatásunk komoly problémája a tanulók teljesítményében mutatkozó hatalmas
különbség, ezért fontos szempont a hátrányos helyzetű tanulók eredményességének
javítása. Tanulmányunk célja, hogy bemutassunk egy új fejlesztésű digitális
nyelvoktató tananyagot (HANNA), amely hátrányos helyzetű 5–7. osztályos
diákoknak készült, tabletalapú, és angol nyelvet oktat a tanár facilitáló
segítségével. Bemutatjuk, hogy a HANNA szerkezetének kialakításában milyen
szempontokat vettünk figyelembe, ismertetjük a tananyag felépítését és a tanulók
motiválása érdekében megvalósított gamifikált elemeket.

Summary. As the world of education and technology is changing at a
breathtaking speed, the methodology needs to be constantly updated, while the
process of teaching-learning has to adjust to fresh demands. One of the most
severe issues in our education is the increasing gap between students’
achievements, especially in low socio-economic environments. The purpose of our
study is to introduce a new digital language course-material (HANNA) created
specifically for pupils in grade 5–7 in low SES backgrounds. It is primarily to
be employed in English language classes (ELT), is operated on tablets, and
teaches English with the facilitating work of the teacher. We explore the
principles underlying HANNA, reveal its structure and mechanism while detailing
the gamified elements of the programme.
Intersections of race and gender in sexual assault trials
Authors: Ehrlich Susan
Published: October 2021

This essay traces the development of intersectionality theory within the field of language and gender in relation to research on the language of rape trials. In early work on the topic, I used Judith Butler’s notion of the ‘rigid regulatory frame’ to understand the cultural intelligibility of certain kinds of rape victims in the legal system and the unintelligibility of others. But the inequities that complainants often experience in rape trials are not merely the result of sexism; rather, it is sexism and racism which together interact to disadvantage complainants and protect white male perpetrators, who occupy a privileged position within these contexts vis-à-vis men of colour. In line with recent work in the field, I end with an analysis of a rape case that demonstrates the necessity of attending to nonhegemonic masculinities and intersectionality.
Scottish lenses, languages and landscapes: Engaging evangelicals with environmentalism
Authors: McMeekin Graeme
Published: October 2021

This article points out the dissonance between young people’s environmental and justice concerns, and the lack of sufficient interest in the ecological aspects of Christian witness in Scottish evangelical circles. Reminding us that language matters enormously – as illustrated by the tensions even around the terminology used to describe the current ecological challenge – it explores the anthropological lens through which evangelicals tend to view the created world, and suggests a pragmatic response in terms of the kind of images and language that would naturally speak and relate to evangelical believers.
Regular Monitoring of the Condition of Soils and Green Plants As a Direction for Assessing the Quality of the Urban Environment
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Tikhonova Anna , Kholodenko Anna ,   Volgograd State University
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the existing in the Russian Federation approaches to assessing the quality of the urban environment, the concept of the quality index of the urban environment; the analysis of indicators for calculating the quality index of the urban environment and the factors that form the ecological well-being of the urban environment for the local population has been carried out. The territory of the northern industrial hub of Volgograd was chosen as the object of research, in particular, the zone of influence of the ferrous metallurgy enterprise AO “VMK ‘Krasny Oktyabr’”, which has a historically specific location relative to the functional zones of the city. The analysis of the results of monitoring the content of mobile forms of heavy metals in the soil cover, carried out by the method of atomic absorption spectrometry, and the assessment of the general life state of tree green plantations in the territory of the sanitary protection zone of the enterprise based on the enumeration of trees is presented. The identified zone of influence of the enterprise, taking into account the presence of additional sources of pollution of the soil cover and MPC of metals, instead of their background concentrations, extends for 3.5–3.7 km from the border of the enterprise in the form of elongated areas of increased concentrations. Cartographic visualization reveals the presence of two clearly pronounced foci of pollution located to the west of the existing SOC of the enterprise. When assessing the general condition of trees, it is also possible to recognize the worst territory of the test plots located to the west of the operating TWCs in accordance with the directions of the prevailing winds. The data obtained confirm the feasibility of organizing regular monitoring of the soil cover and the state of green forests in the city as one of the directions for assessing the quality of the environment and taking these indicators into account when calculating the quality index of the urban environment.
Microbiological Indicators of Meadow-Brown Soils of Natural Cenoses
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agro Chemistry of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Mamedzade Vafa
Published: October 2021

The article presents data on microbiological indicators of meadow-brown soils of semi-humid subtropics of the Lenkoran region. Meadow-brown soils are typical representatives of a number of hydromorphic soils of Azerbaijan. These soils are formed under sparse forests and shrub plantations with well-developed herbage. The soil-forming rocks are deluvial-proluvial deposits of clay composition. The influence of groundwater and surface runoff on soil formation is periodic. In the described soils, biological processes, including the activity of microorganisms, take place at moderate moisture level (10–25%) and temperature (18–23 °C). The paper presents a comparative analysis of the total number of microorganisms (in a layer of 0–50 cm) between typical meadow-brown, meadow-brown leached, meadow-gray-brown and gray-earth-meadow soils. We have shown changes in the total amount of microbiota for individual horizons of meadow-brown soils. Changes in the quantitative indicators of the microbiota of the studied soils also affect their overall biogenicity. A close relationship has been established between humus and the number of microorganisms. As the humus decreases in individual horizons, an adequate decrease in the number of microbiota is noted. If in 0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, 10–15 cm layers the amount of microbiota varied between 6,13–5,83–4,81 million per gram of soil, then in deeper layers of 15–20 cm, 20–25 cm, 30–40 cm, 35–50 cm, their number gradually decreases to 3,9–3,10–2,65–1,81–1,52 million per gram of soil.
The Experimental Effect of Parental Attentiveness on Children’s Physical Activity Behavior
Authors: Rebold Michael J. , Kobak Mallory S. , Croall Cody A. , Cumberledge Emily A. , Hall Melanie , Raumikaitis Lindsey
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES To assess children’s physical and sedentary activity behavior, enjoyment (i.e., liking), and preference during two separate experimental conditions: parent attentive and parent non-attentive.METHODS Ten children (n = 6 boys, 4 girls), 3 to 6 years old, along with one parent (n = 6 mothers, 4 fathers) per child participated in each condition on separate days for 30-minutes in which they could choose from a variety of physical and/or sedentary activities.RESULTS A greater number of accelerometer counts (p = 0.04) were accumulated during the parent attentive (96,547 ± 33,075.26 counts) condition than the parent non-attentive (48,316.30 ± 46,101.47 counts) condition. More time (p = 0.007) was allocated to sedentary activities during the parent non-attentive (19.5 ± 13.3 minutes) condition than parent attentive (2.8 ± 3.55 minutes) condition. Children liked (p = 0.004) the parent attentive (9.05 ± 1.21 cm) condition more than parent non-attentive (4.42 ± 3.18 cm) condition. A non-significant (p = 0.21) proportion of children identified the parent attentive (70%) as their preferred condition over the parent non-attentive condition.CONCLUSIONS Parental attentiveness may be an important component to take into consideration when trying to maximize children’s physical activity behavior and enjoyment while simultaneously reducing sedentary behavior.
Software Model for Determining the Optimal Routes in a Computer Network Based on the Two-Colonial Ant Algorithm
Authors: Pakhomova V. M , Opriatnyi A. O
Published: October 2021

Purpose. At present, the computer networks of the information and telecommunication system (ITS) of railway transport use the OSPF protocol, which does not allow taking into account several metrics when determining the optimal route. Therefore, there is a need to study the possibility of organizing routing in computer networks of rail transport ITS using a two-colonial ant algorithm. Methodology. According to the Two-ACO software model, created in the Python language based on the two-colonial ant algorithm, the optimal route in a computer network was determined. Two-ACO model inputs: computer network parameters (network adjacency matrix, number of routers); parameters of the ant algorithm (number of iterations; number of ants in the colony; number of elite ants; initial pheromone level; evaporation rate; parameter for adjusting the amount of pheromone deposition). Findings. The results of the Two-ACO model are presented in the form of graphs depicting the optimal paths: the criterion of the total delay on the routers (for the first colony of ants) and the number of hops (for the second colony of ants). Originality. According to the created Two-ACO software model for a computer network of 7 routers and 17 channels, a study of the time for determining the optimal path in a computer network by the number of ordinary and elite ants, evaporation rate and deposited pheromone was conducted. It is determined that it is enough to use the number of ants equal to the number of routers and have 2 elite ants in the colony, with 1000 iterations, evaporation rate from 0.2 to 0.7, and pheromone deposition by ants close to one. Practical value. Created Two-ACO software model using two colonies of ants on the following criteria: the total delay on the routers (for the first colony of ants) and the number of hops that make up the route (for the second colony of ants) allows you to parallel determine the optimal routes in a computer network of railway transport. It is estimated that for a computer network of 15 routers and 17 channels, it is sufficient to have 30 agents (two ants on top), the value of the pheromone deposited by the agents is close to one, and the evaporation rate is 0.4.
Influence of grafting production method on agronomic performance of wine grape varieties
Authors: Souza André Luiz Kulkamp de , Camargo Samila Silva , Souza Edson Luiz De , Feldberg Nelson Pires , Bender Angelica
Published: October 2021

Abstract Agronomic performance of different types of Chardonnay, Malbec, Merlot and Sauvignon Blanc vines grafted on ‘1103 Paulsen’ rootstock were evaluated after planting in Videira-SC. The treatment factors tested were the variety scions and grafted plants: RN – year-old bare root produced by omega grafting, EV – year-old bare root rootstock grafted in the summer, EI – rootstock cuttings rooted first in pots and then planted in the field at the end of spring and grafted in the following winter, FE - rootstock cuttings incubated for callusing and grafted just after the emission of first roots and then planted in the field, BI – year-old bare root rootstocks planted in the field in the winter and then grafted in the following winter, BE –year-old bare root rootstocks grafted and planted in the field after the scion buds started sprouting. The study was carried out as a randomized block experimental design. The ‘Chardonnay’ variety showed slower growth compared to the others, regardless of the grafted plant used. It is possible to implement commercial vineyards using all the types of grafted plants evaluated. The vines produced by BE, RN and FE presented a higher survival rate after being planted in the field.
Bronchopneumonia by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in a horse with inhalation of pine branch of Araucaria angustifolia
Authors: Molossi Franciéli Adriane , Pont Tainah Pereira Dal , Echenique Joana Vargas Zillig , Almeida Bruno Albuquerque de , Lopes Bruna Correa , Machado Guilherme Alberto , Driemeier David , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT: Respiratory problems due to tracheobronchial foreign bodies (FBs) are unusual in horses; although equines kept in pastures eventually inhale FBs, as conifer twigs of Araucaria angustifolia. A 1,5-year-old Criolle foal was presented with hemoptysis, dyspnea, restlessness and fever (40.9 ºC rectal temperature). Complete blood count showed intense neutropenia, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia and hypoproteinemia. Treatment was carried out but no clinical improvement was observed. At the post-mortem examination, marked amount of dark red liquid was observed in the thoracic cavity (hemothorax). The lung parenchyma was diffusely consolidated, predominantly in the cranioventral area, associated with mild pleural fibrin deposition. The right primary bronchus was obliterated by a Araucaria angustifolia pine branch measuring 18 cm in length, with adjacent darkened areas (lung consolidation). Microscopically, there was diffuse necrosis with severe hemorrhage in the lungs, associated with marked neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate, numerous coccoid bacterial aggregates, and fibrinous pleuritis. Additionally, there was diffuse alveolar edema and multifocal thrombosis. Lung fragments were submitted for bacterial culture and mixed bacterial growth was observed with a predominance of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Inhalation of branches is not commonly reported in horses, but it must be included in the differential diagnoses of pneumonia, and attention should be taken when allowing horses to graze in areas where the plant occurs.
Combining ability of standardized indices for multi-trait selection in tobacco
Authors: Carvalho Bruna Line , Lewis Ramsey , Pádua José Maria Villela , Bruzi Adriano Teodoro , Ramalho Magno Antonio Patto
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Several traits must be simultaneously considered in selection of tobacco cultivars for meeting the requirements of farmers, manufacturers and consumers. Breeders should have an understanding of associations between economically-important traits in order to devise the best strategy to have response to selection for all them. Utilization of selection indices has been shown to be one of the most efficient strategy for selecting for correlated characters. In tobacco, no reports can be found within the academic literature for multiple trait selection. In this study we demonstrate the efficiency of the Sum of the Standardized Variables Index (SSV) for multi-trait selection in tobacco. The method was evaluated using a collection of thirteen inbred lines and hybrids derived using a diallel scheme. The hybrids, parental lines, and checks were evaluated in two field locations. The traits assessed were yield (YLD), general quality index (GQI), leaf stem to lamina ratio, percent total alkaloids, and percent total sugars. We considered weights according to the economic importance of each trait: 0.4 for YLD, 0.3 for GQI and 0.1 for the remaining characters. The SSV index proved to be efficient and easy to interpret, and could be used to generate genetic gain for almost all characters in the desired direction. General combining ability (GCA) explained the larger part of the variation of the index in the diallel analysis. The mean heterosis estimate was 2.02%. Some hybrid combinations exhibited heterosis levels greater than 10%, indicating that increased attention might need to be given to commercialization of F1 hybrids.
Narrativas policiais sobre prevenção da violência e juventudes: experiências no Brasil e na Escócia
Authors: Corrêa Juliana Silva , Cecchetto Fátima Regina , Fernandes Fernando Lannes
Published: October 2021

Resumo Esse estudo analisa as narrativas de policiais sobre iniciativas de prevenção da violência na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no Brasil e na cidade de Glasgow, na Escócia. Utilizou-se o referencial teórico-metodológico das ciências sociais, com os aportes da antropologia interpretativa. Os resultados apontam para a produção de intervenções cada vez mais precoces dirigidas às juventudes de periferias urbanas nos dois países. Prevalecem narrativas que reforçam ideias do ambiente familiar desestruturado, da vulnerabilidade social e do envolvimento com o crime como fatores de risco. Tais narrativas privilegiam a ótica do negativismo e da juventude como “problema social”, unificando formulações que se estruturam a partir da simbiose entre o papel de agente do estado e o ethos moral que sustenta as decisões individuais de policiais. O estudo sinaliza para a complexidade das intervenções, bem como para a disputa em torno dos modos de controle e da produção da ordem nos dois contextos analisados. Sugere-se investigar, em estudos futuros, como a racionalidade presente no campo da saúde pública vem sendo incorporada em políticas e programas de segurança pública. Ressaltam-se os riscos das narrativas que reforçam estigmas sobre os jovens pobres em iniciativas de prevenção da violência.
Cultural adaptation and updating of the Risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers in the context of covid-19 questionnaire
Authors: Marziale Maria Helena Palucci , Rocha Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi , Cassenote Alex Jones Flores , Robazzi Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz , Palha Pedro Fredemir , Ballestero Jaqueline Garcia de Almeida , Terra Fábio de Souza , Mininel Vivian Aline , Santos Heloisa Ehmke Cardoso dos , Fracarolli Isabela Fernanda Larios , Garcia Gracielle Pereira Aires , Fortunato Maria Alice Barbosa , Lima Marcelo Marques de
Published: October 2021

Objective: to translate and culturally adapt the Risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers in the context of covid-19 questionnaire to the Brazilian context and to develop and evaluate a sociodemographic and occupational characterization questionnaire to compose the adapted questionnaire. Method: five stages were conducted to adapt the Risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers in the context of covid-19 questionnaire, namely: translation, synthesis of the translations, evaluation by a committee of judges, back translation and pre-test. As for the complementary questionnaire, it was elaborated and evaluated by a committee of judges and a pre-test was carried out. Results: the questionnaires were validated and the pre-test stage was conducted with health workers and students. Conclusion: the final version adapted to the Brazilian context was called Questionário de avaliação de risco e gestão da exposição de trabalhadores e estudantes de saúde no contexto da covid-19 and is available for use, together with the final version of the Sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire: Risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers and students in the context of covid-19. These questionnaires may assist in mitigating the risks of infection, illness and death of health workers and students due to covid-19.
Painful procedures and pain management in newborns admitted to an intensive care unit
Authors: Rocha Vanderlei Amadeu da , Silva Isília Aparecida , Cruz-Machado Sanseray da Silveira , Bueno Mariana
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize painful procedures, analgesic strategies, vital signs, and pain scores in hospitalized newborns. Method: This is a primary, observational, prospective clinical study, developed in a Brazilian public hospital. Demographic data, painful procedures, pain relief measures, vital signs, and pain scores were collected from the clinical records of 90 newborns admitted to the intensive care unit and evaluated between admission and the third day of admission. For statistical analysis, the software Statistic Package for the Social Sciences and the R Software were used. Results: Newborns underwent 2,732 painful procedures, 540 non-pharmacological and 216 pharmacological strategies. The most frequently performed procedure was the heel prick (20.96%). The most commonly recorded non-pharmacological strategy was dim lighting (28.33%) and continuous fentanyl (48.83%) was the main pharmacological measure adopted. Pain score and vital signs show variability in the period evaluated. Conclusion: Despite the high number of painful procedures, pain assessment records do not reflect procedural pain and the use of analgesic strategies was insufficient.
OS BASTIDORES DO CÂNONE HISTORIOGRÁFICO: ABREU E LIMA E AS DISPUTAS PELA ESCRITA DO BRASIL
Authors: Rodrigues Thamara de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa a construção do cânone historiográfico brasileiro oitocentista a partir da perspectiva de José Inácio da Abreu e Lima (1794-1869). O general e escritor protagonizou algumas polêmicas intelectuais ao longo de sua trajetória. Na querela de maior repercussão, foi acusado de plagiário e o seu Compêndio da História do Brasil (1843) foi negado pelo Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro nas figuras de Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen (1816-1878) e Januário da Cunha Barbosa (1780-1846). Neste texto, analisamos o debate e argumentamos que a postura de Abreu e Lima - retirando-se do círculo letrado ligado ao instituto após a discussão, bem como sua posição histórico-política crítica e desarmônica em relação ao passado colonial - foi decisiva para o cânon historiográfico do século XIX, cujos conteúdos, imaginários e formas de escrita e pesquisa próprias à história do Brasil repercutem ainda nos desafios da historiografia contemporânea.
DERECHOS Y PROPIEDAD DE LA TIERRA EN ENTRE RÍOS DURANTE LA EMERGENCIA DEL ORDEN NACIONAL EN LA ARGENTINA
Authors: Schmit Roberto , Bressan Raquel
Published: October 2021

Resumen En este trabajo se abordan las tradiciones y las leyes de acceso a la propiedad y se examinan la naturaleza de los debates políticos y jurídicos de las reformas de las leyes de tierra en Entre Ríos durante el siglo XIX. En el mismo se reconstruyen los antecedentes y las trayectorias generales del acceso a la tierra en la provincia y se analizan los debates legislativos de principios de la década de 1860 respecto de las leyes de venta de tierras fiscales y de arriendo de propiedad privada. A partir del estudio de ambos ejes, este trabajo plantea que las leyes liberales sostuvieron inicialmente en su concepción de aplicación y prácticas un cierto equilibrio entre viejas y nuevas concepciones de propiedad a fin de evitar confrontar de lleno con viejas prácticas sociales y económicas de larga existencia y alcance en la sociedad decimonónica.
Educación Superior en México: los retos del gobierno presidencial en el periodo 2018-2024 en materia de cobertura
Authors: Castellanos-Ramírez Juan Carlos , Carrasco Shamaly Alhelí Niño
Published: October 2021

Resumen Una de las prioridades del actual Gobierno de México es incrementar, para el año 2024, la tasa de cobertura en Educación Superior al 100%. Esta meta implica transformaciones importantes tanto en la organización de las universidades como en el funcionamiento y operación de los programas educativos. En este artículo se presenta un análisis sobre los desafíos que enfrenta el actual gobierno mexicano en materia de cobertura en Educación Superior y la poca evolución que ha tenido durante la última década; a partir de dicho análisis se proponen cinco ejes estratégicos que contribuyen a la construcción de políticas educativas dirigidas al fortalecimiento de la Educación Superior y la ampliación de la matrícula dentro de las universidades. Se sugiere que para incrementar la tasa de cobertura es necesario el desarrollo de políticas dirigidas al fortalecimiento y la diversificación de programas educativos en línea dentro de las universidades.
A (re)interpretação e a implementação das políticas educativas de cidadania pelos professores
Authors: Martins Maria José D. , Simão Ana Margarida Veiga
Published: October 2021

Resumo Esta investigação visa compreender de que forma os professores do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (EB) implementam as políticas educativas de cidadania delineadas nos documentos oficiais. Assim, analisaram-se os textos legais e as orientações do Ministério da Educação português e da União Europeia, que definem as políticas de Educação para a cidadania, que têm servido de guia para os professores educarem para a/e na cidadania no EB. Os dados obtidos por meio de questionários disponibilizados on-line, respondidos por 109 professores com idades entre 23 e 63 anos, permitiram concluir que há grande variedade nos temas abordados e nas estratégias de ensino. A Educação Ambiental e as regras da convivência interpessoal foram os domínios mais referenciados. Referências a ações solidárias na comunidade e o estabelecimento de regras de convivência interpessoal constituíram práticas pedagógicas que remetem para uma conceção atual de cidadania.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1, a Novel Therapeutic Target for Post-Vascular Injury Thrombosis in CKD
Authors: Walker Joshua A. , Richards Sean , Whelan Stephen A. , Yoo Sung Bok , Russell Teresa L. , Arinze Nkiruka , Lotfollahzadeh Saran , Napoleon Marc A. , Belghasem Mostafa , Lee Norman , Dember Laura M. , Ravid Katya , Chitalia Vipul C.
Published: October 2021

Significance Statement

Patients with CKD are at a markedly higher risk of thrombosis after vascular procedures. Uremic solutes, such as indoxyl sulfate and kynurenine, are important contributors to this complication through tissue factor (TF), a trigger of the extrinsic coagulation cascade. This study examines the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1), a key enzyme in kynurenine biogenesis, in thrombotic complications in CKD. Using genomic and pharmacological approaches, this study demonstrates that IDO-1 is a critical regulator of TF and thrombosis after vascular injury in CKD mice. Indoxyl sulfate upregulates IDO-1, creating a feedback-forward loop. IDO-1 activity was higher in patients with CKD, who developed thrombosis after vascular interventions. This study identifies IDO-1 as a therapeutic target and uncovers crosstalk between uremic solutes, perpetuating their toxic effect.

Background

CKD, characterized by retained uremic solutes, is a strong and independent risk factor for thrombosis after vascular procedures . Urem ic solutes such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and kynurenine (Kyn) mediate prothrombotic effect through tissue factor (TF). IS and Kyn biogenesis depends on multiple enzymes, with therapeutic implications unexplored. We examined the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme of kynurenine biogenesis, in CKD-associated thrombosis after vascular injury.

Methods

IDO-1 expression in mice and human vessels was examined. IDO-1−/− mice, IDO-1 inhibitors, an adenine-induced CKD, and carotid artery injury models were used.

Results

Both global IDO-1−/− CKD mice and IDO-1 inhibitor in wild-type CKD mice showed reduced blood Kyn levels, TF expression in their arteries, and thrombogenicity compared with respective controls. Several advanced IDO-1 inhibitors downregulated TF expression in primary human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells specifically in response to uremic serum. Further mechanistic probing of arteries from an IS-specific mouse model, and CKD mice, showed upregulation of IDO-1 protein, which was due to inhibition of its polyubiquitination and degradation by IS in vascular smooth muscle cells. In two cohorts of patients with advanced CKD, blood IDO-1 activity was significantly higher in sera of study participants who subsequently developed thrombosis after endovascular interventions or vascular surgery.

Conclusion

Leveraging genetic and pharmacologic manipulation in experimental models and data from human studies implicate IS as an inducer of IDO-1 and a perpetuator of the thrombotic milieu and supports IDO-1 as an antithrombotic target in CKD.
Analysis of Performance Trends from 2010–2019 on the American Board of Internal Medicine Nephrology Certifying Exam
Authors: Berns Jeffrey S. , Weng Weifeng , Jaar Bernard G. , Lipner Rebecca S. , Brossman Bradley G. , McDonald Furman S.
Published: October 2021

Significance Statement

In recent years, there has been a decline in the number of applicants for nephrology fellowships and changes in characteristics of those entering them. There has also been a decline in the pass rate on the American Board of Internal Medicine nephrology certifying exam. This pass rate decline puts fellowship programs at risk for falling below board pass rate benchmarks of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. The primary factors driving the decline in nephrology certifying exam performance between 2010 and 2019 were lower IM certifying exam score, older age, and training in a smaller program. In 2019, only 57% of nephrology fellowship programs had 3-year cumulative nephrology exam pass rates ≥80% among their graduates.

Background

The pass rate on the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) nephrology certifying exam has declined and is among the lowest of all internal medicine (IM) subspecialties. In recent years, there have also been fewer applicants for the nephrology fellowship match.

Methods

This retrospective observational study assessed how changes between 2010 and 2019 in characteristics of 4094 graduates of US ACGME-accredited nephrology fellowship programs taking the ABIM nephrology certifying exam for the first time, and how characteristics of their fellowship programs were associated with exam performance. The primary outcome measure was performance on the nephrology certifying exam. Fellowship program pass rates over the decade were also studied.

Results

Lower IM certifying exam score, older age, female sex, international medical graduate (IMG) status, and having trained at a smaller nephrology fellowship program were associated with poorer nephrology certifying exam performance. The mean IM certifying exam percentile score among those who subsequently took the nephrology certifying exam decreased from 56.7 (SD, 27.9) to 46.1 (SD, 28.7) from 2010 to 2019. When examining individuals with comparable IM certifying exam performance, IMGs performed less well than United States medical graduates (USMGs) on the nephrology certifying exam. In 2019, only 57% of nephrology fellowship programs had aggregate 3-year certifying exam pass rates ≥80% among their graduates.

Conclusions

Changes in IM certifying exam performance, certain trainee demographics, and poorer performance among those from smaller fellowship programs explain much of the decline in nephrology certifying exam performance. IM certifying exam performance was the dominant determinant.