bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Florence Nightingale Foundation Travel Scholarships Part 2: Midwifery in the Netherlands
Authors: Coiffait Sarah
Published: September 2022

The Florence Nightingale Foundation provides scholarships for nurses and midwives in three categories: leadership, research and travel. This year the foundation has awarded three midwives a travel scholarship enabling them to study best practice and innovation away from home. This series will include reports from all three scholars who have travelled to mainland Europe, Canada, Africa and Australia. The projects include learning about how student midwives are involved in continuity of care in the Netherlands, midwives and mothers in a First Nations Mohawk community and women in global health leadership. In this second article, Sarah Coiffait reports her experience of a Dutch summer school for midwives.
‘I’m very stressed…’
Authors: Byrom Sheena
Published: September 2022

I am contacted regularly by student midwives and midwives who tell me they are desperate, ‘burnt -out’ and sad that they can’t give the midwifery care they want to. It’s a story frequently told; as a clinical midwife, I said the same words myself several times to my managers. I also recounted these anguished messages to the head of finance when working as a senior midwifery manager and advocating for the retention of midwives. If we want to provide meaningful, secure maternity care and to feel able to work as a midwife, then we need strategies. The first is to care for ourselves. We are human beings, with a basic hierarchy of needs that if unmet will potentially render us helpless and ineffective and potentially sick. ‘Self-care’ has become to some an unwelcome buzz word, often used in the same sentence as ‘resilience’ which is another cause of contention. Yet, both concepts are absolutely crucial in sustaining our practice – they represent an area of well-being, and what can be more important than that?
An Empirical Exploration of Rural Public Opinion Expression and Collection：Empowerment, Flexible Embedding and Spatial Construction.
Authors: Zha Ziyi , Wang Bocheng , Duan Piaoran , Li Chao
Published: September 2022

Rural governance is related to rural revitalization, and the key to rural governance lies in the subjective status of villagers and the enhancement of their participation ability [to give full play to the subjective role of villagers and enhance their participation ability]. Based on the theory of empowerment and flexible embedding, this paper takes the effective expression and collection of public opinion as the starting point and explores, through case studies, the value of the People's Talking Point for rural governance, namely, encouraging villagers' participation through empowerment, obtaining villagers' opinions through flexible embedding, and promoting interaction and communication between villagers and cadres through spatial construction. It is important to explore and summarise the value of the experience of people's talk points in order to further promote effective governance and innovative governance models in villages.
Research on Tianjin Port to Serve Tianjin City's Integration into "The Belt and Road" Construction
Authors: Zheng Lin , Zhou Ran , Zhu Lequn
Published: September 2022

Guided by better supporting Tianjin Port to serve Tianjin’s integration into “The Belt and Road” construction, this paper combs the development status of Tianjin Port under the framework of “The Belt and Road” cooperation, analyzes the existing problems and gaps in sea routes, port competition and logistics services, and puts forward specific countermeasures and suggestions from the perspectives of land-sea network, trade ecology, shipping services, humanities and science, with a view to promoting Tianjin's high-quality integration into “The Belt and Road” construction.
Understanding of the relationship between natural emotion and artistic aesthetics in Huainanzi
Authors: Zhang Chao
Published: September 2022

"Huainanzi" is a work edited by the Huainan king Liu An in the early Western Han Dynasty, and it is also called "Huainan Honglie". There are many discourses on the relationship between emotion and artistic aesthetics in the book, which have been related to the nature of artistic generation, creative process, and aesthetic appreciation. They are systematic.“Huainanzi” puts forward some profound and important viewpoints around emotion and art, such as a deep understanding of natural emotions, Fen zhong ying wai" "Zhong you ben zhu" "Jun xing zhe" . Such propositions are elaborated in-depth in the creation and appreciation of literary and artistic aesthetics, so they have a strong aesthetic meaning. Although the original intention of the writers talking about feelings is not aimed at aesthetic appreciation, the aesthetic consciousness they reveal when talking about literature and art has a profound influence on aesthetics that cannot be ignored.
Research on the Legal Status of the People's Bank of China From the Perspective of Independence
Authors: Jin Wenhui
Published: September 2022

The issue of the legal status and independence of central banks has been a hot and controversial topic in the three centuries of their development. The development of the legal status of the central bank has shown a tendency to be constantly integrated with the state power, while at the same time exhibiting a process of pursuing the strengthening of independence. The legal status of China's central bank, the People's Bank of China (PBC), has not been clearly defined either at the legal level or in academic circles. However, it remains to be examined and studied whether enhancing the independence of the PBC is conducive to the sustainable development of China's economy, the stability of the financial environment, and the effective implementation of monetary policy. Therefore, this paper will start from the current situation of the independence of the PBC, point out the shortcomings of the legal status of the central banks in China and put forward some feasible suggestions for the development of independence.
Grounded theory and sustainable development research of interconnected river system networks
Authors: Pan Jun , Xu Tengwen , Fu Yongdi
Published: September 2022

As an important carrier of water resources, interconnected river system networks are an important part of the ecological environment and an important strategy for water management at this stage in China.At present, the theoretical basis of China's interconnected river system network is fragmented and not perfect enough to form a complete system, while a complete theoretical system has a guiding role for the practice of interconnected river system network engineering.Based on the theory of river-lake system connectivity, the characteristics of interconnected river system networks and the current situation of research, this paper compares multiple research areas and forms the framework of research system at the present stage of river-lake system connectivity in order to promote the in-depth research of river-lake system connectivity, and then look forward to the sustainable development of river-lake system connectivity.
Teaching reform practice of digital media technology course in the context of curriculum ideology and politics
Authors: Xiao Mao
Published: September 2022

Curriculum ideology and politics is an important mission given to teachers by the development of contemporary China. Facing with the changing world situation, China needs college students of the new age to be able to shoulder the heavy responsibility of building the country. To have firm determination and confidence to  the country's development, the new-age college students should be equipping ideological and political weapons. We should keep in mind what General Secretary Xi Jinping mentioned: What kind of people to cultivate? How to cultivate people? For whom to cultivate people? Take it as the guideline of education.
Research on macroeconomic Forecasting model based on grey theory
Authors: Guo Shantong
Published: September 2022

In the modern economic innovation and development, the grey theory and BP neural network algorithm are used to build a new macroeconomic prediction model. On the one hand, the input data can be comprehensively preprocessed, on the other hand, the improved BP neural network algorithm can be used to predict the final results. This paper studies the feasibility and effectiveness of the new macroeconomic forecasting model based on the grey forecasting principle and BP neural network algorithm. The final results show that both grey prediction and BP algorithm can help the staff to predict and analyze the macro economy as soon as possible, so as to grasp more valuable data information and put forward targeted management decisions.
Determination of thiram in tobacco by surface-enhanced differential Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Dan , Deng Huiming , Sun Haowei , Hu Xiaodong , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Miaomiao , Xia Jingzhu , Wang Chunqiong , Zhang Ke
Published: September 2022

This study had developed a rapid, simple, accurate, and efficient method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of thiram residues tobacco and tobacco products based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and differential Raman spectroscopy. Acetonitrile was used as the extractant and PSA and GCB as the scavengers to effectively reduce the matrix effect. At the same time, sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid were used to induce the agglomeration of the target molecule and the nano particles of enhanced colloid substrates. With this approach to improve the sensitivity of analysis, our results showed that the fine linear equations of thiram with the correlation coefficients equaled 0.9986. The detection of limits was 0.0084 mg/L and the recovery was within 85–117% and the RSD was less than 10%. The detection method of thiram had a good accuracy and precision, which was potentially suitable for other dithoicarbamate pesticide residues in tobacco and tobacco products.
Preparation and Properties of Three-dimensional Graphene-based Multifunctional Thermal Control Coating
Authors: Lin Pengting , Zhang Youwei , Bai Jingying , Li Sizhen , Zhang Jiaqiang , Song Wei , Wen Chen , Jin Yu , Feng Li , Li Xinxin
Published: September 2022

According to the requirements of spacecraft light alloy materials for thermal control, anti-static and corrosion protection, based on the synthesized three-dimensional graphene functional filler, a multifunctional thermal control coating with high emissivity, anti-static and anti-corrosion properties was prepared on magnesium alloy materials. By testing the coating properties, the hemispherical emissivity was 0.91,volume resistivity was 104Ωm and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance was more than 800 hours.
Study on the mechanism of Astragalus-Panax notoginseng in the treatment of gastric ulcer based on network pharmacology
Authors: Li Yong
Published: September 2022

Objective:To explore the possible mechanism of Astragalus Panax notoginseng in the treatment of GU by using network pharmacology. Methods: combined with the network pharmacology technology, the active components were obtained with the help of tcmsp database, OB≥30% and DL≥0.18 were set, the potential active components were screened, and the drug target information was obtained; After screening the genes, disenem and other important targets in the database; Using venny2 1 software, draw Wayne diagram and obtain drug disease common targets; Using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, construct the "drug component target disease" network diagram, screen the core genes, and conduct go analysis and KEGG analysis. Results: 27 potential active components, 488 drug targets and 118 drug disease common targets were got. Go enrichment analysis showed that the intersection gene set was enriched to 1948 biological processes, 45 cell component expression processes and 106 processes related to molecular function. KEGG enrichment analysis is mainly based on 146 related signal pathways. The signal pathways of Astragalus Panax notoginseng in the treatment of Gu mainly involve proteoglycans in cancer, prostate cancer, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and other signal pathways. Conclusion: Astragalus-Panax notoginseng drug pair can treat gastric ulcer through multiple components acting on multiple targets and multiple signal pathways, which preliminarily reveals its mechanism of action and provides a support for further empirical research.
Force chains behaviours of Al-PTFE granular composite under elevated strain rates
Authors: Tang Le , Tang Wei , Hang Lijie , Zhang Boyu , Chen Miao , He Li
Published: September 2022

This study proposed a simulation method to characterize the influence of mesostructural force chains on the dynamic response of aluminum-polytetrafluoroethylene(Al-PTFE) granular composite under strain-controlled compression. The model was developed followed real Al particle size distribution. Based on the analysis of force chains, the global deformation, mechanical strength, and failure behaviour for the material were investigated. The results indicate that, with the increasing of strain rates, the yield strength of the Al-PTFE increases, but it is inversely proportional to the ultimate compressive strength. The stability of force chains accounts for the phenomenon that a higher strength is observed in the material under lower strain-rate impact. Particularly, an angle of force transmission is introduced to quantitatively explain the evolution mechanism of force chains.
Simulation Analysis on Cable Breaking of Large Ships in a Port
Authors: Guo Jian , Chen Zhijun , Tang Haiqi
Published: September 2022

Simulation analysis on drifting of an oil tanker of 300,000 tons deadweight (DWT) after cable breaking was done with a large ship maneuver simulator. Risks such as being stranded and colliding into other docks or ships are illustrated when cable breaking accident happens to a large ship under different wind and current directions. Specific emergency countermeasures are proposed to ensure safety operation.
Credit Risk Evaluation of Supply Chain Finance Based on K-Means-SVM Model
Authors: Zhu Li , Liu Wenhao , Zhang Rongdi , Dong Bingjie
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of supply chain finance, it is important to evaluate its credit risk effectively. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) is designed to construct the credit risk measurement model of supply chain finance. Considering the characteristics of SVM model, we select the clustering center based on K-Means clustering algorithm and the edge points far from the clustering center as training samples to train the SVM model. Experimental results show that compared with single SVM model, the overall classification accuracy of K-means-SVM model is increased by 7.2%, and the first type error rate is reduced by 5.0%, which verifies the superiority and effectiveness of k-means-SVM model applied to enterprise credit risk assessment under supply chain finance mode.
The influence of FDI and environmental uncertainty on the business performance of enterprises-- A case study of manufacturing enterprises
Authors: Liu Siyu , Guo Jingyi
Published: September 2022

Based on the panel data from 2016 to 2020 in various provinces, the influence of FDI and environmental uncertainty on the business performance of enterprises is analyzed in this paper. According to the research results, it is found that, under the regulation of environmental uncertainty, FDI has a significant positive influence on improving the business performance of China's enterprises, while the enhancement of environmental uncertainty will significantly weaken the influence of FDI on business performance of enterprises, namely, inhibition effect will appear;In addition, due to the different regulatory effects of factors including the degree of economic development in different regions, a significant difference between the influence of FDI on business performance has formed. Finally, from the macro perspective, some suggestions that the state and the government should give support to manufacturing enterprises from the aspects of macroeconomic environment and policies are proposed in the paper. And from the micro perspective, manufacturing enterprises should look for measures to release the vitality of enterprises according to the internal factors affecting the business performance from the behavior of their micro-economic subjects is also put forward in this paper.
Research on the Training Mode of standardized Software Technology Professionals under the "1+X" certificate System
Authors: Yu Juan
Published: September 2022

As the core content of modern social and economic development, computer software plays an important role in all fields. Under the trend of economic globalization, as the employment market of software technology professionals is very broad, there is a huge shortage of professional talents, so how to cultivate the required professional talents for the market is the focus of software technology education at present. Nowadays, according to the technical personnel requirements of enterprises, colleges and universities around the country have gradually optimized the traditional education mode and continuously expanded the content of practical education, and the training of practical talents has gradually emerged with the characteristics of diversity and intelligence. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the current situation of software technology professional personnel training, according to the practical significance of the "1+X" certificate system, this paper deeply explores the standardization of software technology professional personnel training mode under the "1+X" certificate system, so as to reserve the basic force for modern economic development.
Research on the deep integration of education informatization and English teaching under the background of "Internet +"
Authors: Qu Weiwei
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of information technology, people pay more and more attention to the education mode dominated by flipped classroom, micro class, MOOC and other new technologies. China's education work gradually enters the era of "Internet + education", which not only changes the traditional education concept, but also presents the classroom atmosphere of teacher-student interaction. According to the analysis of China's long-term education reform and development program, education informatization has been promoted to the height of the country's overall development strategy. In this context, English teachers should not only grasp the development opportunities of the new era, actively respond to the challenges of The Times, but also establish a sense of independent learning and anxiety, and integrate information technology and English teaching. Therefore, after understanding the basic characteristics and development status of education informatization under the background of "Internet +", this paper explores how to build an information education service system in depth according to the construction principles of English information teaching system, and clarifies the precautions and teaching strategies for the deep integration of education informatization and English teaching.
Research on the Concept Transformation of Digital Personnel Management in the Public Department
Authors: Wang Ruixiang
Published: September 2022

After entering the era of big data, China based on the "Internet +" action plan, put forward a number of preferential policies to promote the development of big data, and the information construction will rise to the national strategy. According to digital public sector personnel management in recent years, in building the system framework and function framework, comb to comprehensive business process, clear the operation steps of the overall system architecture, using the software design method is introduced into the classic design patterns, and combined with the data mining algorithm, in the personnel management association rules and deep discussion system contains potential information, In order to improve the public sector digital personnel management efficiency. In this paper, based on the understanding of the status quo of public sector digital transformation, according to the requirements of digital personnel management, in-depth discussion of the overall framework and application functions of digital personnel management system. The final experimental results prove that it is very important to transform the basic concept of digital personnel management in public departments and build personnel management system based on "Internet +".
Application of 3 D digital technology in transmission line engineering and waste soil disposal mechanization construction
Authors: Yu Weiqing , Li Xi , Wang Xijin , Chen Xiaofeng , Liu Qing , Hong Qian
Published: September 2022

Under the background of the innovation in the field of construction engineering toward the direction of intelligence and digitalization, the three-dimensional digital design means with the digital information model as the core has gradually become the main content of the industry discussion in the new era. According to the cumulative experience of transmission line construction in recent years in our country, three-dimensional digital technology can simulate and arrange the construction link comprehensively during the construction of the project, and shorten the construction period and reduce the cost. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the current situation of transmission line engineering and the mechanized construction of residual soil disposal, this paper deeply discusses how to apply three-dimensional digital technology in the mechanized construction of transmission line engineering and residual soil disposal according to the research situation of three-dimensional digital technology at home and abroad. The final experimental results show that the 3D digital technology has a good application effect during the project construction, which is helpful to guide the high-quality development of power design industry in the new era.
Mechanisms of Metformin Improving vasodilation of coronary artery in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Dai Hongfen , Ming Shuping , Liu Juan , Hu Pan
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the incidence of type 2 diabetes has gradually increased. Coronary artery-related disease is one of the most common and serious complications of this. Endothelial dysfunction has become a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients with coronary heart disease. In this study, the protective effect of metformin on coronary artery in type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
Analysis on process management of soil and water conservation design for transmission line projects in Qinghai Province
Authors: Yao Guohe , Ren Jing , Tan Qinghai , Ma Fuxiang
Published: September 2022

The first part is a brief introduction of soil and water conservation (SWC) and loss condition of transmission line projects and in Qinghai Province；In the second part, based on the Qinghai Yuqia-Toesu 750 kV line project, and combined the experience and methods concluded during the soil and water conservation (SWC) design work, the process management for SWC design in Qinghai’s transmission line projects is analyzed; The third part is the conclusion and the suggestion. Through the introduction and analysis of the three parts, the thinking pattern of SWC design of transmission lines in Qinghai Province are clearer, which can be a reference for Qinghai’ SWC designer.
Intelligent measurement and detection method and application based on data visualization
Authors: Bai Luwei , Zhang Lifang , Yu Jia , Mao Yongmei , Wang Tong , Xi Jia
Published: September 2022

In the rapid development of social economy and science and technology, data visualization has been widely used in all aspects of life and production, and began to play an important role in human daily life. In the traditional sense, the verification process of electricity meter needs to invest a lot of human resources and time cost, and the practical work efficiency is low, and there are a lot of mechanical and repetitive work. Under the influence of the theory of data visualization technology, the current intelligent measurement work has undergone brand new changes. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the research status of smart metering detection and according to the theoretical characteristics of data visualization, this paper deeply discusses the smart metering detection methods and application countermeasures with data visualization as the core.
Research on risk Prediction of enterprise Financial management based on optimized BP neural network algorithm
Authors: Tan Zhiqi
Published: September 2022

The construction and development of the new age, although our country enterprise quantity is increasing, but the financial risk is also increased, so how to do a good job in risk prediction and management decisions, truly achieve expected set of financial management goal, improve the ability of enterprises to cope with risk consciousness, is the enterprise leadership and management of the main problems are discussed. Enterprise financial risk management is an important part of enterprise management. Financial personnel should accurately predict the possible risks of financial management and formulate effective risk prevention and control and solutions when integrating and analyzing relevant data, so as to ensure that enterprises can achieve sustainable development goals. Therefore, this paper takes 53 listed enterprises as an example, on the basis of understanding the risk prediction method of enterprise financial management in recent years, according to the BP neural network algorithm after optimization, in-depth discussion on how to optimize the BP neural network algorithm as the core, do a good job in the risk prediction of enterprise financial management. The final experimental results show that BP neural network algorithm has research value in the risk prediction of enterprise financial management.
Research progress of FRP in steel and masonry bridge structures reinforcement
Authors: Wang Fengxuan , Sun Shiyu , Jia Wenke
Published: September 2022

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been widely used in the reinforcement of concrete bridge structures, and it still has a good application prospect in the reinforcement of steel and masonry bridge structures. In order to summarize the research results of FRP in the reinforcement of steel and masonry structures, broaden the ideas of FRP strengthening bridges in China and promote its wide application in the field of bridge structure reinforcement, it is summarized from the aspects of anti-fatigue reinforcement, anti-buckling reinforcement, bearing capacity reinforcement and seismic reinforcement according to the different reinforcement mechanisms. The shortcomings of the existing studies were analyzed, some problems and ideas that can be further studied were put forward. Analysis result shows that the prestressed FRP reinforcement technology has a good application prospect because of its high material strength utilization rate. Generally, the method of prestressing FRP is used to strengthen the bridge steel members with fatigue cracks, and FRP and filler materials are used to form an external reinforcement system to improve the buckling resistance of steel members. FRP reinforcement can improve the bearing capacity and seismic performance of masonry structures. Follow-up studies should be continued to develop standardized prestressed FRP reinforcement and anchorage system with long-term reliable performance, further promote the engineering application of prestressed FRP reinforced steel structures and establish the specification system of FRP reinforced masonry bridges. The durability of FRP reinforced bridges under complex environment and coupling of various factors should be deeply studied.
Formulation design of a new type of epoxy resin-based insulating adhesive and research on its high temperature resistance
Authors: Tang Bin , Zhang Longfei , Liang Qinqin , Luo Zongchang , Luo Chuansheng , Wang Jialin , Hu Mengzhu , Zhu Liping
Published: September 2022

A series of new epoxy resin adhesives were prepared by low viscosity bisphenol A epoxy resin E-44 and E-51as the matrix,  low molecular polyamide 650# and phenolic modified JT-3008 as the curing agent, silicon micro powder and calcium carbonate as the fillers. The gelation time, surface drying time and shear strength of the samples were deeply tested. The thermal decomposition temperature and high temperature resistance of the samples were determined by TG analysis. Meanwhile, the surface fracture morphology was observed by SEM. The results showed that a new kind of heat epoxy resin insulation adhesive with long gelation time and convenient construction and meeting the requirements of production adjustment was successfully obtained through the optimization design of the formula,. The new epoxy resin insulation adhesive showed excellent mechanical properties with 18.00 MPa shear strength, which can be used at 380 ℃ for a short period of time and 130 ℃ for a long time.  The new adhesive developed in this paper can be widely used in high voltage switchgear and other insulation materials, which has good application prospects.
Design of long span steel pipe tied arch bridge with integral hoisting offshore
Authors: Huang Xiangping , Wu Hongdi , Li Dongyang
Published: September 2022

taking an 84m span offshore all steel tied arch bridge of a port as an example, this paper introduces the application of steel tied arch bridge in Wharf approach bridge. The bridge is welded as a whole in the factory and hoisted as a whole on site by large floating crane. In this paper, by comparing the static, dynamic, seismic and wind resistance of concrete-filled steel tube arch rib and all steel arch rib, it is concluded that the steel arch rib is more suitable for the bridge. Through the comparison between flexible suspender and steel suspender, it is proposed that steel suspender is used in this bridge. The optimized design of all steel tied arch bridge reduces the process of pouring arch rib concrete and tensioning steel suspender, which has great economic significance and application value.
Theoretical analysis of stress of asphalt mixture bridge deck pavement based on design index
Authors: Meng Yangjun , Liu Zhen , Liu Guojun , Wu Wenbiao , Liu Xiaofeng
Published: September 2022

At present, the specification for the design of asphalt mixture bridge deck pavement is missing, so it is of great significance to research on it. In order to study the design theory of asphalt mixture bridge deck pavement, the bottom tensile strain of asphalt mixture layer and the permanent deformation of asphalt mixture layer as the design index of asphalt mixture bridge deck pavement have been selected. Combined with a specific simply supported slab bridge, the mechanical properties and influencing factors of asphalt mixture bridge deck pavement based on the design index have been analyzed. Firstly, the section characteristic calculation basis of fatigue checking calculation is proposed by using the standard method, and the fatigue section characteristic of simply supported solid slab bridge is analyzed. Considering different load positions, the calculation method of fatigue stress under design load and ultimate load is proposed, and the fatigue stress is calculated. According to the equal strain principle, the bottom stress of asphalt mixture is calculated. Secondly, based on the assumption of plane section, the strain calculation formula of rectangular section with two parameters under temperature load is deduced. Using the derivation formula, the stress distribution of the section under the action of uniform temperature and gradient temperature is calculated, and the general stress distribution law is obtained. Finally,take Specification for design of highway asphalt pavement (JTG D50-2017) for reference to calculate the permanent deformation of asphalt mixture bridge deck pavement; Compared with the field measured value, the theoretical calculated value is less than the field measured value, which may be related to the insufficient compaction of asphalt on the bridge deck.
Study on the co-pyrolysis behavior of sewage sludge and water hyacinth
Authors: Zhou Yang , Jin Baosheng
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal behavior and their interaction patterns of SS and WH co-pyrolysis. The mixture was non-isothermally heated at different heating rates (20,30,40°C/min) using a thermogravimetric analyzer under N2 atmosphere and reaction temperature range of 20 – 800°C . The study found that both SS and WH pyrolysis can be divided into three parts, in order of water release zone, major volatile fraction release zone, and slow carbonization zone. The individual pyrolysis performance of WH(CPI=26.17) was significantly better than that of SS (CPI=6.22), and the co-pyrolysis of samples with different mixing ratios showed inhibition or promotion, with W7S3 showing the strongest promotion  interaction. From the viewpoint of thermal behavior and kinetics, co-pyrolysis of SS and WH is highly feasible, and the proportion of WH should be appropriately increased in practical engineering applications to achieve more effective utilization of waste.
Causa as an element of the structure of a binding contract in the Spanish law
Authors: Golecki Mariusz Jerzy
Published: September 2022

The Spanish Civil Code does not define the concept of a binding contract, although it contains the list of legal conditions on which its formation depends. As a rule, the conclusion of the contract depends upon the agreement of the parties, resulting in a binding obligation. However, this theory does not explain whether the relationship is causal or purposeful and, therefore, whether the contract is the basis for the obligation or vice versa. The problem is mainly the definition of the relationship between the binding contract and the obligation in a situation where, on the one hand, the causa is a necessary element for the validity of the contract (Article 1261 of the Spanish Civil Code) and, on the other hand, it is identified with the cause of the obligation (causa de obligación, under Article 1261(3) and Article 1274 of the Spanish Civil Code). The concept of causa is understood in a variety of ways in the Spanish law. As defined in Article 1274 of the Spanish Civil Code, it is applicable, in the case of mutual contracts, to the obligation of the other party in contract of a benefit-generating nature, to the service provided by one party in case of remunerating contracts, and to the donor's intention in case of donations. The paper contains an analysis of various types of causa and the relationship between the binding contract and the obligation understood as crucial for the scope and the essence of contractual obligations.
Agreements concluded in the 1920s with Czechoslovakia, Austria and Hungary and the multilateral Miskolc Agreement of 1977 as the basic treaties binding upon Poland to prevent double taxation of immovable and movable deceased’s estate
Authors: Czubik Paweł
Published: September 2022

Agreements eliminating double taxation of immovable and movable property included in the deceased’s estate are rare in terms of practical application of treaties in the Republic of Poland. These are agreements dating back to the interwar period, and the scope of their influence on the domestic practice seemed modest so far. Moreover, Poland is theoretically bound by one multilateral agreement regulating, amongst others, this issue. Due to the passage of time and developments in the international environment, serious concerns have arisen as to their validity and mutual relations. The purpose of this text is to determine the scope of subjective application of these agreements. Attention is also given to the material scope of application of the treaties and intertemporal issues. It is not excluded that due to the increasing influence of EU law on succession, these agreements will be gaining a greater application in the coming years.
Estructura familiar y su incidencia en la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad.
Authors: Gonzalvo Alarcón Raíza Isabel
Published: September 2022

Existen escasos estudios sobre cómo la estructura familiar afecta directamente al nivel de calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad, por lo que ellos experimentan características desigualdades en materia de salud en comparación con las personas sin discapacidad,  por tal razón su objetivo se centra en conocer la incidencia de la estructura familiar en la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad en un estudio realizado en el  cantón Ventanas, se llevó acabo la elaboración de guías que brinden apoyo a la estructura familiar permitiendo la calidad de vida de las personas discapacitadas. Dentro de la metodología la investigación es de carácter mixto, es decir cuantitativo y cualitativo, el diseño de estudio es descriptivo y retrospectivo, en los resultados se evidencia que existe una mala calidad de vida, así como se tiene sobrecarga intensa en el cuidador de la persona con discapacidad y en la cuestión a la función familiar, se entiende que existe una disfunción severa, por lo que se diseñó la guía de apoyo e intervención de la estructura familiar para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas que sufren discapacidad. En Conclusión, la estructura familiar incide en la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad, se recomienda, poner en práctica la guía de apoyo e intervención de la estructura familiar, de esta manera beneficiaria a la población de estudio.
Education and Sustainable National Development in Nigeria: Problems and Solutions
Authors:   Department of Curriculum and Instruction Oyo State College of Education, Lanlate Oyo State, Nigeria, Adesope Akinola Olusegun , Odekunle Adebola Adigun ,   Department Of Curriculum And Instruction Oyo State College Of Education, Lanlate Oyo State, Nigeria
Published: September 2022

Nigeria as a developing nation needs to improve her education system for a meaningful sustainable national development. This paper attempts to explain the concept of education, the concept of sustainable national development and relationship between education and sustainable national development. It provide an insight into various challenges confronting education in Nigeria such as shortage of teachers, inadequate and poor infrastructures, overcrowded classrooms among others. It finally suggested way on how to solve these challenges confronting education in Nigeria. Among these are provisions of conducive atmosphere for learning, allocation of enough funds for educational development, setting up a trustworthy committee that will manage and supervise education, motivate teachers etc.
Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of a Dual Powered Crucible Furnace for Aluminium Cans Recycling
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ken Saro – Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Nigeria, Nwigbo Michael N. , Lebari David H. ,   Department of Welding and Fabrication Engineering, Ken Saro – Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Nigeria, Robinson Gbenenee B. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ken Saro – Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Nigeria, Ipeghanimuneen Ikata ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ken Saro – Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Nigeria
Published: September 2022

There is great need for metal scraps recycling and commercialization in Nigeria owning to the abundant and indiscriminate disposal of metal scraps which constitute health hazard to citizens through the blockage of drainage systems, causing erosion and flooding, defaces the aesthetics of the cities through mounting heaps of metallic waste. This research work designed and fabricated a manually operated dual powered tilting crucible furnace suitable for laboratory and workshop practice for recycling of aluminium cans and scraps and other low melting metals and alloys. It consists of a cylindrical stainless steel pot contained in a refractory lined mild steel square box, fired with both gas and electricity and incorporates a K-type digital thermocouple for temperature measurement. The stainless steel crucible pot has a diameter of 195mm, 312mm high and 3mm thick. The refractory material was locally developed from asbestos, clay, cement and perlite combined in the ratio 1:1:1:5 by volume. The fabricated furnace was tested for performance evaluation by melting different samples of aluminium cans using both gas and electricity. It was found that the furnace has fairly uniform melting rate with both gas and electric powered operations but has varying heating rate which decreased with increasing charge mass. The furnace also has no-load heating rates of 28.7oC/min and 20.1oC/min when powered with gas and electricity respectively. The furnace has a melting capacity of 〖0.0093m〗^3 for 25kg of aluminium charge with total output heat of 199.93MJ and thus suitable for use in small scale foundries and tertiary institutions
Role of Value Network Collaboration on Market Visibility of Independent Petroleum Marketers in River State
Authors:   Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Owuso Stephen Monima , Augustina Ebenuwa ,   Department of Marketing Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Dennis Osadebay University, Asaba
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study was to examine the role of value network collaboration and its impact on market visibility of independent petroleum marketing firms in rivers state the study adopted the cross sectional survey research design. The population of the study comprised of the four hundred and fifty independent petroleum marketing firms registered with the Independent marketers association of Nigeria (IPMAN). The Taro Yamane, formula was used to determine an appropriate sample size of two hundred and twelve (212) for the study. Value network collaboration was treated as a one-dimensional variable while market visibility was measured using value brand awareness and brand recall. The hypotheses were tested using the Pearson product moment correlation. The findings revealed that there is a strong and significant relationship between value network collaboration and brand recognition; also, that a strong statistically significant relationship exists between value network collaboration and brand recall. Based on these findings and its consistency with results of similar previous studies, we conclude that value network collaboration is an important driver of market visibility of Independent petroleum marketers in Rivers State. Therefore, the study recommends that Independent Petroleum Marketers in Rivers State should make healthy collaborations with other firms to have a competitive advantage over competitors. Also, that independent petroleum marketer in rivers state should know that the collaboration of their firm with other firms results in market share expansion and higher revenue generation.
Patterns of Management of Diabetic Mellitus and the Outcome in the Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, South East Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care,  College of Medicine, ESUT Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Onoh Linus U.M.
Published: September 2022

Aim: To assess the patterns of management of Diabetic Mellitus and the outcome in the Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu Nigeria. Method: A total of 422patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) who were being managed at the Enugu State University Teaching Hospital were studied within a six months period. They were issued with structured self-administered questionnaires which collected information on their socio-demographic profiles, types of management patterns being used for their illness ie, insulin therapy, oral hypoglycemic drugs, dietary restrictions and in some cases a combination of both. Results: The patients were well-matched for gender i.e. 51.9% males while 49.1% females. About 87.9% were above the age of 40years while 63.5% of them were married. About 67.7% of the patients were employed, while some were in the government sector, others were in the private sector and the remaining were self employed. About 75.6% had basic education from the secondary level and above. About 6.9% of patients were being managed solely on dietary control, 24.9% were on drug therapy, while 68.2% were on both drug and dietary therapy. 38.9% are on insulin therapy, 81.5% use their personal glucometer to monitor their blood sugar. 76.1% testified that they have done well with the pattern used to manage their illness and hence were satisfied with it. Conclusion: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus is a disease of old age hence over 87% of the patients in this study were above 40years. About 70% were employed and of course the disease would have an effect on their jobs. Over 68% of the patients were on both dietary and drug therapy and 81.5% use their personal glucometer to monitor their blood sugar. Since 76.1% are satisfied with the outcome of their treatment, it means these management patterns are effective for the DM patients in ESUT Teaching Hospital Enugu.
Features of External Government Debt of Ukraine in the Current Conditions
Authors: BRYSKOVSK OKSANA M. , BRYSKOVSKA OLGA Y.
Published: September 2022

Today, the external debt tends to grow, and the full-scale war with the Russian Federation in 2022 introduces many forced changes in the regulation and management of external government debt in Ukraine, along with changes in external and internal factors that affect the economy of Ukraine, its diplomatic relations with other states, and consequently the external government debt, so this study is of great relevance. The purpose of the study is to consider the external debt of Ukraine and its features. To identify the main problems that arise in the regulation of public relations related to government debt. To establish factors that affect the national debt of Ukraine. To disclose the concept, content, and the main signs of government debt. In the study, a set of scientific methods was applied: system, induction, deduction analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparison, and bibliographic. The scientific originality lies in the fact that based on the results of the study, a holistic view of the features of Ukraine’s external debt in current conditions was developed. Its concept, content, principles, and main features were analysed and covered. The factors of external government debt that affect it were established: the quality of legislation, the state economy, the level of public confidence in the country, currency stability, war, pandemic, diplomatic relations with foreign partners, etc. Recommendations for minimising it were developed. It was proposed to exert influence in a comprehensive way – both from the economic and legislative sides, building productive relations with other countries and international organisations. Moreover, to promote transparency in the use of borrowed funds and adopt a separate law that would regulate public relations related to the state debt of Ukraine. The features of regulation and management of external government debt during the war were highlighted. It was proposed to develop methods that allow using the borrowed funds more efficiently. The practical value of the study is that the investigation and analysis of the budget process can be the basis for improving national financial legislation, as some proposals were formulated to amend the current legislation of Ukraine. In addition, the results of the study on the budget process can be used in scientific activities for further consideration of the problems of legal regulation of the budget process.