bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bankside Urban Forest: Walter Benjamin and City Making
Authors: Witherford Stephen Michael
Published: November 2023

Walter Benjamin’s metaphor of his experiences of the city, specifically Paris, as a forest informs this review article in considering what conditions within the contemporary metropolis of London might reflect such an experience. Benjamin describes ‘losing oneself’ in the city as a skill that the wanderer can develop as opposed to simply getting lost. Through the direct experience of the studio, Witherford Watson Mann Architect’s proposals for the Bankside Urban Forest in south London is used as a means to explore the themes Benjamin opens up. Bankside’s ‘urban interior’ was a place we lost ourselves in the way Benjamin describes, becoming alert to a series of particular conditions that grow out of the area’s deep structure. By starting with what we encountered we developed a counter-intuitive framework for re-imagining the district’s public spaces and the life these could support. This raises the question of how we should intervene in city making within such districts. Benjamin’s metaphor challenges the conventional commercial models for developing our cities and suggests that other models need to be created.
West Bank Settlement and the Transformation of Zionist Housing Ethos from Shelter to Act of Violence
Authors: Allweil Yael
Published: November 2023

This paper identifies a transformation in Israel's housing ethos from civilian shelter to national and neoliberal violence. Housing, once materializing the State of Israel’s raison d’etre as shelter from Jewish persecution has transformed to offense and retaliation in struggle over the West Bank, as declared by Prime Minister Netanyahu's noted 'they kill- we build' statement. Conducting close analysis of housing and settlement history since 1967 I challenge accepted historiography of the settlement movement and identify the pivotal moment of change by which the settlement project transformed its housing ethos from civilian shelter to 'civilian occupation' to Kudumim outpost in the early 1990s. This transformation parallels the neoliberalization of the housing market in Israel-proper since the 1990s, protested as neoliberal violence by the 2011 housing protest movement. This paper contributes to our understanding of spatial violence by identifying housing as the object of agonistic violence, invoking Chantalle Mouffe's concept of the object of agonism and pointing to housing as the object of contemporary negotiations over the very terms and values of the Israeli polity.
Envisioning a Post-Conflict Tripoli: The Inclusive Urban Strategy and Action Plan for Bab Al-Tabbaneh and Jebel Mohsen
Authors: Micocci Fabiano
Published: November 2023

The Inclusive Urban Strategy and Action Plan is a study conducted by a multi-disciplinary international team focused on the post-conflict area of Tripoli, the second largest city of Lebanon. The project includes the neighbourhoods of Bab Al-Tabbaneh and Jebel Mohsen and the conflict zone in between where hostilities ended thanks to the implementation of a security plan in 2014. The aim of the proposal is to initiate and foster peace and reconciliation between the conflicting communities, while addressing spatial, social and economic segregations by a holistic and tactical urban approach.
The strategy results from a deep study and understanding of the actual fragile conditions in Tripoli, and derives its guidelines from the fractures and the intrinsic resources of the place. It is structured in three main layers (urban armature, functional injections and placemaking) and envisions the possibility to establish new relations and synergies inside the hugely fragmented environment.
Instead of proposing concrete solutions, the strategy aims at initially generating the necessary conditions to trigger processes of recovery and therefore development, encountering positive outcomes and opportunities as well as possible threats. Adaptability and retrofitting thus became keywords in developing a realistic strategy that can take into consideration the difficulty of programming and making decisions in the context of post-conflict reconstruction.
Indigenous Perspectives: the Post-Conflict Landscapes of Rwanda
Authors: Doherty Killian
Published: November 2023

Much of Rwanda’s conflict can be traced to the relation between human (culture) and non-human (nature) that defined territories and ethnic divisions in pre-colonial Rwanda. These human and non-human relations, exploited by European colonialism, have become increasingly estranged through the influence of Eurocentric forms of architecture, urban and rural planning. This practice-based research explores the relations between Rwanda’s human settlements and the landscape to provide insight into emergent spaces of conflict. The hope is that where a meeting of different perspectives is articulated a form of architecture as mediation may emerge.
Possibilia: Possible Worlds and the Limitless in Architecture
Authors: Pickersgill Sean
Published: November 2023

Speculative architectural projects, by definition, challenge the viewer to understand the relationship between the fictionalised world they portray and the possible states of affairs that have come into existence for the project to ‘exist’. It is the question of how a speculative project can ‘exist’ in our understanding of the world in a meaningful, non-trivial fashion that is the subject of this article. Employing some basic structural clarity from contemporary modal logic, and from studies in fictionality, it is possible to see a renewed value in the ‘worlds’ that speculative projects describe, and to understand the profound philosophical value in imagining an existence in an ‘other’ world.
A Surgery Issue: Cutting through the Architectural Fabric
Authors: Angelopoulou Athina
Published: November 2023

This essay examines the material ontologies of surgical trans-modifications. Focusing on incisions and subsequent scars, the essay argues for the queering of architecture and design as an act of cutting through structures and processes. I start by rereading a topological body plan, used by surgeons as a guide for performing incisions. I suggest that this plan constitutes a variation within topological representations. It is thus reconceptualised as an internally contradictory representation, calling for dis/continuous cutting acts upon the represented body; that is an amphi-topological representation. The notion of the cut is further approached from the point of view of queer theory and ‘agential realism’. This perspective offers affirmative ways of discussing about acts of cutting. When performed into self-organizing fabrics, cuts appear to act as ‘agents of dis/continuity’. Then, the discussion passes through the genealogy of the architectural section and the building cuts of Gordon Matta Clark, so as to show that the production of buildings by ‘cutting through them to come to matter’ is deep-rooted in the architectural discipline. Next, the philosophical origins of the idea of cutting through the material fabric of the world are sought. It is argued that the latter, beginning as a gnosiological tool, was transformed into a fabricating tool and then into a tool of smoothing the striated. The essay concludes with the presentation of SCARchiCAD; a computational design tool which takes the skin’s wound healing process as a model, offering an interpretation of what the ‘cutting through a virtual form’ could suggest for the design of architectural bodies and the queering of architecture.
Strategies for Living in Houses
Authors: Ripley Colin
Published: November 2023

The problem of queer housing can never go away because it is a central component of queerness. Queer housing is a contradiction in terms: not even a queer architect can design a queer house. But where does this leave us, as queer people living in a straight hegemony? Where does it leave us as humans with bodies, craving shelter and safety and a place to live that is in accordance with our experience of self and of living in the world? In this article the author proposes eight architectural strategies for re-occupying the Levittown Cape Cod house from 1947 for queer bodies, minds and hearts. These strategies offer modes by which the key programmatic formal and material components of the Cape Cod House can be attacked, made invalid, or détourned for queer uses, to make of the Cape Cod House a site for our pain, our longing, our anger.
Colonial and Postcolonial Logistics
Authors: Scotto Giulia
Published: November 2023

This article addresses the logistical aspects of colonial and postcolonial governmental practices and the way in which such practices structured the African territory. In particular, it focuses on Zambia (Northern Rhodesia at time of British domination), a landlocked country located in the centre of Southern Africa, whose historical evolution, since it was conquered at the beginning of the twentieth century, is deeply intertwined with the discovery, extraction and export of copper and with the import of fossil fuel.

In the first part, I introduce the concept of ‘colonial logistics’ intended as the modification and rationalisation of territories for military and political domination, and extraction and export of resources. In the second part of the article I show how, after independence, Zambia dealt with its complex geopolitical entanglement, partially inherited from colonial planning and partially generated by the end of direct forms of imperialism, which required the rerouting of its resources and the rebalancing of uneven territorial structures. The analysis of infrastructure development in postcolonial Zambia illustrates the competing strategies through which imperialist powers attempted to secure a new form of control on Africa and elucidates the role of logistics as a decisive tool to shape the African territory.
The Nation’s ‘Other’ Housing Project
Authors: Wong Zihao
Published: November 2023

Singapore’s privatised high-rise housing landscape is the nation’s ‘other’ housing project, emerging alongside the city-state’s dominant narrative of its successful public housing project since the 1970s. Unique to Singapore’s privatised high-rise housing developments was the intervention of the state in the close regulation of scarce land. Singapore’s private high-rise housing developments thus reflect a nation’s attitude towards its land as resource, and its subsequent imaginations and productions of more ‘land’ in the construction of high-rise housing estates. State intervention also maximised these housing developments as part of wider national aspirations to the status of a global city, and for its citizens, a ‘green and gracious’ Singaporean society. Taking the Pearlbank Apartments and the Pandan Valley Condominium as two key developments of Singapore’s emerging private high-rise housing landscape in the 1970s, this article examines the production of the nation’s aspirational housing in the confluence of Singaporean state-led vision and a people’s housing aspirations.
The Common Apartment
Authors: Abbasi Golnar
Published: November 2023

The house, having always been the locus of socio-political struggles of Tehrani citizens, after the Iran-Iraq war gradually came to materialise many more complex issues. It became a space and a structure embodying the state’s subjugating agenda, forces of the housing market, its labour and material market, the desires of the people, their political action, and architectural practitioners’ attempts to prove relevant. This visual essay focuses on three threads in Tehran in housing  in the the post-Iran-Iraq-war context: the liberalising procedures and regulatory frameworks that still constitute the most common form of housing, positing middle class citizens as the main players in the market; the architectural repercussions of the regulating mechanisms and the subsequent formation of a homogenised form of housing; and a reading of these forms of housing as sites of people’s practices of resistance in a framework of constant re-appropriation.
Housing in Barcelona
Authors: Hernandez Falagan David , Montaner Josep Maria
Published: November 2023

Over the last three decades Josep Maria Montaner played a key role as an educator in the prestigious Barcelona School of Architecture. Together with Zaida Muxí he initiated the Housing Laboratory of the Twenty-First Century, an advanced master’s programme held at that institution for more than a decade. In 2015, Montaner moved from the world of academia to politics, starting his tenure as housing councillor in the cabinet of Ada Colau, herself a housing activist who became mayor of Barcelona. In this interview, conducted by David H. Falagán, Montaner highlights the crucial importance of aligning housing policies, housing design, and citizens’ participation as a strategy to combat the housing crisis triggered by the dominant neoliberal system.
Competition Juries as Intercultural Spaces
Authors: Cucuzzella Carmela
Published: November 2023

In this article, design competitions, as they are practiced in Canada, are understood as devices that allow the study of interdisciplinary and intercultural dimensions of architecture. From the construction of the brief to the selection of the winning project, competitions are exemplary platforms for communicating design values. For example, competitor project proposals, which comprise many qualities, including constructive, material, and even political, represent the priorities of each design team, in the form of a place. Jurors debate each of these qualities through their own expertise. In their search for excellence, the competition jury is then an exemplar contact zone. By examining the various documents produced in this process, we can uncover the value systems of the many stakeholders. Observations of jury deliberations and analyses of jury reports can help expose how the diversity of jurors influences the selection of the winning project. Furthermore, in a contemporary context where environmental design is at the forefront, this diversity is especially interesting to study. An environmental expert’s evaluation of quantitative eco-measurements is very different from an architect’s judgment of spatial qualities and experiences. The focus of this article is to understand how such a variety of jurors influences the competition outcome.
This is Not a Nest
Authors: Chupin Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2023

Although the architecture competition has been analysed through a number of rhetorical lenses, the recurring production of transcultural metaphors, particularly in international competitions, remains to be addressed as a genuine disciplinary phenomenon. The hypothesis of competitions as contact zones is particularly appropriate for the study of international events, in which competitors forge broad analogical figures to bridge cultural differences. Recent studies in the cognitive understanding of analogical matrices have considerably reinforced the theories on metaphors. Our analytical grid characterizes analogical matrices to identify levels of symbolic operations through the differentiation of formal, structural and conceptual analogies. We first dig into a sample of competition projects nicknames (Crystal, Birds’Nest, DNA, Cloud, Lace, Stealth, etc.) to confirm that these tropes have a paradoxical status at the intersection of architects’ intents and the public expectations. We then summarize an in-depth hermeneutical discourse analysis of 40 North American international competitions. This indicates a fourfold series of expectations to which competitors hope to provide answers in an international ‘conflict of interpretations’. Adhering to the theory of speech acts, we suggest that performative metaphors in competitions appear less as indicators of designers’ intentions than as products of the broader context surrounding competitions themselves. We conclude with a proposed grid indexing four types of contact zones in which metaphorical relationships are actively created and not just repeated.
Portuguese Architecture in Transit(ion)
Authors: Gil Bruno , Lobo Susana , Esteves José Ribau
Published: November 2023

In the final years of the Estado Novo regime (1933–1974), the Amsterdam Town Hall International Competition of 1967 presents the opportunity for seven teams of Portuguese architects to confront their own reality and rehearse distinct visions of building and city. From a national context, politically and geographically distant from the heart of the disciplinary debate of the 1960s, the proposals submitted set the terms on which Portugal competes in Amsterdam, revealing in the diversity of approaches and experiences forwarded by this new generation of architects the vitality of Portuguese architecture on its path to internationalisation.

This article retraces the Portuguese participation in the Amsterdam Town Hall Competition to refute the generalised idea of cultural mismatch with the European scene of the time and assesses the impact of this particular event on the transition of Portuguese architecture to international recognition, an impact that Portuguese architecture historiography has to this day completely ignored.
‘What are people for?’
Authors: Kei Yat Shun
Published: November 2023

This article revisits previously overlooked exchanges between pre-eminent figures in British architecture and ecology, William Holford, Julian Huxley, and Max Nicholson, which were incorporated in one of the earliest uses of the term ‘built environment’ in 1964. By examining how an energy-entropy interpretation of the ecosystem had shaped their views on the natural, human-made, and psychosocial milieu, I will consider the way cybernetics conditioned the articulation of the built environment. Contextualising their exchanges in the socio-cultural climate of the early 1960s, I trace an almost  concurrent environmental turn made by architecture and ecology. Moreover,  the exchange between architecture and ecology has engendered an environmental conception that prioritised the transformative and reciprocal relationship between humans and what surrounds them. In this effort, I pay particular attention to a co-evolutionary view of the technosphere, biosphere, and political sphere formulated by Nicholson. I also discuss the infiltration of eugenic and technocratic views in this reconceptualisation of the environment. Despite the peculiarities of these theories, their conceptualisation of the environment had pointed towards an important question in employing the ecosystemic metaphor: what are people for?
Cooked Air
Authors: Galvez Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

Since 1996, ASHRAE Standard 62.2 has provided guidelines for residential ventilation. As ventilation becomes increasingly scientised, quantifiable, and reliant on hyper-specific equipment, technical literacy on ventilation has narrowed. The relationship between architecture, inhabitants and air management has become increasingly reliant on ventilation standards, in turn increasing reliance on technical specialists, and creating a gap in ventilation knowledge. Through an examination of ASHRAE Standard 62.2, this essay asks why is it that, as ventilation processes become increasingly measurable, there is an equal tendency to reverse awareness in relation to the human sensation, when the standard itself underlines the reality of both phenomenal and intellectual knowledge towards air quality assessment. Furthermore, if architecture’s domain centres on formal, aesthetic, and material logics, is an expanded literacy on air management necessary to address mechanical equipment within an architectural domain?
There and Back Again
Authors: Hopkins Owen
Published: November 2023

This essay explores the defining role that council housing has played in populist politics in Britain from the post-war era to the present. Central to this was Margaret Thatcher’s Right to Buy scheme – an archetypal populist policy that became totemic of her broader reconfiguration of British society. Building on the demonisation of council housing that paved the way for Right to Buy, today, it stands as the implicit foil for the present right-wing government’s populist advocation of ‘beauty’ (i.e. traditional styles) as a way of removing objections to future development. Meanwhile, the populist left argues for a return to the mass council house building of the post-war era, despite the recent success of small-scale, tactical council housing projects, such as those by Peter Barber Architects. The essay argues that the polarised and asymmetrical nature of this debate, conflating questions of aesthetics, typology and planning and tenure type, is typical of populist politics, ensuring a middle ground is by definition impossible. The essay concludes with the contention that if populist politics tends towards a monocultural architecture and urbanism, then a built environment that allows room for different forms, ideas and agendas may itself help foster a politics of pluralism.
Forethoughts and Afterthoughts on ‘the Productive Organs of Man’
Authors: Smith Christopher
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the ‘forethought’ of Bernard Stiegler’s Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus (1994). In particular, the paper focusses on the coupling of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and the impact of these figures on the relay of ideas concerning organs, organic matter and technology, or what Stiegler would come to call ‘organized inorganic matter’. The paper will also consider the ‘afterthought’ that derives from Stiegler’s book and its potential to prompt a rethinking of architectural experimentation and organization. The paper turns to Neil Spiller’s Communicating Vessels project and particularly to one joyous mechanism that came to be titled Little Soft Machinery (2006). The project enfolds all manner of architectural oddity, somewhere between the organic and inorganic.
Speculative Architecture
Authors: Colebrook Claire Mary
Published: November 2023

What is the problem of epiphylogenesis? We can define and understand the term, but what does it do and what does it demand of us? Indeed, one way of thinking about epiphylogenesis is through Bernard Stiegler’s claim that some forms of technology generate or enable long circuits of desire, and that this needs to be recalled in a time of short-circuits. Epiphylogenesis requires both that we pose problems differently, and that ‘we’ are, or should be, a problem to ourselves. Let me unpack this by beginning with what presents itself as a major problem: climate change, and the end of the world. What are we going to do? How can we change course? How do we save the world? The posing of the question in this way is only possible if there is a distinct ‘we’ who must then deliberate a course of action in relation to the world. Epiphylogenesis shifts the question towards the very possibility of this ‘we.’ How do formations of what comes to think of itself as ‘the human’ come into being, and what worlds and capacities do such formations make possible? For Stiegler the problem of climate change is ultimately the problem of who ‘we’ are, along with a constitutive tendency towards the failure to confront this question.
Queer Life(lines) Within the Death of an Archive
Authors: Noorani Setareh
Published: November 2023

In this essay turned collective text-archive, I explore, through proliferating Stieglers thought, epigenetics as the genetic transfer of experience, seeing it as our inherited tools, codes, and processes that enable us to construct radical political alternatives. Similarly, the global West has inherited institutions and their systems – such as the archive – retaining specific perspectives founded on a Eurocentric epistemic model proximate to whiteness, masculinity, and heteronormativity, while obscuring or forgetting Other knowledges. A main question is: who and whose knowledge is in need to be constructed as indispensable, as present outside of the gap? What knowledge constructs whose subjectivity? Part of the confrontation exists of tracing the archive’s outside space, entangling with Other ways of doing that enable us to rethink institutions. This means then partially coming to terms which knowledge and bodies we need to survive collectively and in solidarity. And thus, what urgent, vibrant archives are we already passing on, beyond our own (knowledge) lifespan? This essay-text-archive makes visual the layered and multi-authored process of creating this knowledge resource. It intends to deconstruct and queer the position of the footnote, as archival trace and life’s whisper – with its curator-writer-editors as performing the essential care-work of mediating this archival effort.
The Elusiveness of Welfare-State Specificity
Authors: Kaminer Tahl
Published: November 2023

Review of Architecture and the Welfare State, edited by Mark Swenarton, Tom Avermaete and Dirk van den Heuvel (Oxon and New York: Routledge, 2015).

Incomprehensibly, the relation of architecture to society is, on the one hand, a trivial fact, and, on the other, a perplexing assumption. Trivial, because the evidence of the tight relationship is ubiquitous, screaming its existence from the tops of skyscrapers, from the basements of gloomy panopticon prisons, and from the doorsteps of Levittown houses. Perplexing, because, despite of such an abundance of evidence, the actual form of such a relationship remains contested and, mostly, obscure.

 This review article will interrogate the relation of architecture to society via the recently published anthology Architecture and the Welfare State, edited by Mark Swenarton, Tom Avermaete and Dirk van den Heuvel. The anthology postulates that a rigorous correlation can be established between architectural design and the welfare state. The review article, in turn, posits two questions to the anthology: what is specific about the welfare state which differentiates it from other societies of the era, and how is a rigorous correlation of a specific form of architecture to the welfare state established, beyond limited notions such as zeitgeist?
Freispruch bleibt Freispruch
Authors: Kaspar Johannes
Published: November 2023

Die Entscheidung des 2. Senats des BVerfG ist mit Spannung erwartet worden, jetzt ist sie da: Ein rechtskräftig Freigesprochener darf auch dann nicht wieder verfolgt werden, wenn neue Tatsachen oder Beweismittel dringende Gründe dafür ergeben, dass er wegen Mordes oder eines schweren Kriegsverbrechens verurteilt wird. Die 2021 in § 362 Nr. 5 StPO ins Gesetz geschriebene Möglichkeit, in solchen Fällen die Wiederaufnahme des Verfahrens zu betreiben, ist verfassungswidrig und nichtig.
§ 129 StGB und die Erheblichkeit der Erheblichkeit
Authors: Schönberger Philipp , Noujoks Katharina
Published: November 2023

In der Diskussion über den Vorwurf der Bildung einer kriminellen Vereinigung (§ 129 StGB) gegen die „Letzte Generation“ vertraten prominente Stimmen die Ansicht, der Straftatbestand setze seit einer Reform von 2017 keine erhebliche Gefahr für die öffentliche Sicherheit mehr voraus. Diese Behauptung lässt sich zwar eindeutig widerlegen, hat aber dennoch für Verwirrung über Gültigkeit und Inhalt des ungeschriebenen Tatbestandsmerkmals gesorgt. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit dessen Anforderungen ist dringend erforderlich. Nicht nur die jüngsten Entwicklungen in den Verfahren gegen die „Letzte Generation“ machen die praktische Bedeutung einer vermeintlichen juristischen Feinheit deutlich. Die Frage der „Erheblichkeit“ ist darüber hinaus auch für die größere Frage relevant, wie eine liberale Demokratie mit disruptiven Klimaprotesten umgeht.
COTAS ÉTNICO-RACIAIS DA UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE ENQUANTO ESTRATÉGIA PARA MOBILIDADE SOCIAL DO NEGRO
Authors: Genderson Kaio Costa de Souza
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre as cotas étnicoraciais,de acesso aos cursos de graduação da Universidade do Estado doRio Grande do Norte, enquanto instrumento que possibilita a mobilidadesocial do negro, com base nos estudos de Moura (2020), Gonzalez eHasenbalg (2022), Bento (2022), Fanon (2008), Souza (2021) e Hooks (2013),utilizando o método crítico materialista histórico dialético, como meio paraanálise da realidade apresentada no contexto da instituição. A partir dasreflexões, consideramos que as cotas étnico-raciais são importanteinstrumento para ascensão social do negro, mas que somente elas não sãosuficientes para que o negro se projete para além da lógica colonialista dabranquitude.
Justicia y salud. Pautas distributivas para la atención médica
Authors: Luévano Cayón Ana Regina
Published: November 2023

Desde el punto de vista académico, 1971 es un año de gran trascendencia. De forma paralela son publicadas A Theory of Justice y Bioethics, Bridge to the future. Ambos libros, aunque de temas muy diferentes, marcaron un antes y un después en cada uno de sus ámbitos. En el mundo de la filosofía, la publicación de John Rawls convirtió a la justicia distributiva en el foco de atención. Mientras que, en el mundo científico, el bioquímico Van Rensselaer Potter comienza a utilizar el término bioética, provocando así una revolución en la ciencia. Aunque en principio poco tienen que ver ambas publicaciones entre sí, con el paso de los años sus caminos empezaron a cruzarse. Hacia 1973, cuando Norman Daniels comienza a interesarse en los temas de bioética, lo que más llamó su atención fue la relativa ausencia de trabajos filosóficos en el ámbito del cuidado de la salud. "Los dramáticos casos del aborto, la eutanasia y el trasplante de órganos parecían acaparar la escena filosófica y pocas veces se encontraban comentarios sobre el derecho a la asistencia sanitaria, nadie analizaba qué tipo de bien social es el cuidado de la salud o se preocupaba por investigar qué principios deberían regular su distribución".
Konstruksi Mediasi Penal dalam Tindak Pidana Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas
Authors: Masruchi Zainal Aris
Published: November 2023

Philosophical discussion seems to take place in an impersonal space, and legal philosophy is a subfield of philosophy. Legal philosophy has a crucial role in how Indonesian legislation is created. Considering the idea in Islam that just judgements or punishments, aside from being directly tied to people, are also related to the Creator (Allah SWT), law also applies in the hereafter. Therefore, in addition to adhering to the direct rules (or heavenly laws in the case of Islam) of God's revelation in the form of holy books, mankind must constantly seek out formulas of truth that are dispersed across society, namely a law that will drive society's direction and a law that will govern individual behavior. More research must be done on the legal theory. This page seeks to explain what legal philosophy is, why it's beneficial to study it, and how Islamic legal philosophy differs from other legal systems.
Peran Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil dalam Mewujudkan Ekonomi Syariah yang Kompetitif
Authors: Meranti Inud Danis Ikhwan , Yazid Azy Athoillah
Published: November 2023

Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) is an Islamic Microfinance Institution that serves two primary purposes: collecting and disbursing zakat, infaq, alms, and waqf monies; and enabling productive economic empowerment by offering financial services in accordance with sharia principles. Its presence in society has a big effect on the local economy, particularly in the microeconomic area. In order for business professionals to grasp their rights and duties and to develop their character and behavior, one of the organizations that plays a part in putting sharia-based procedures into effect is Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT). BMT is founded on the norms found in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith. Fair, reasonable, healthy, and progressive business operations (which are ensured by legal certainty).
Strategi Komunikasi dalam Meningkatkan Debitur pada Pinjaman Kupedes di BRI Unit Tembokrejo Muncar Banyuwangi
Authors: Rosyidi Laily Hidayati , Yazid Azy Athoillah
Published: November 2023

Trust, both from the bank and its clients, is the primary factor in determining a banking company's success. With this confidence, the bank is able to give its clients the greatest service and ensure their pleasure. A microfinancial institution called Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Walling Rejo Unit operates at the Muncar area's subdistrict level. This BRI Unit intends to assist locals and microbusiness owners in rural Indonesia, particularly in Muncar District. This BRI Unit seeks to offer amenities and conveniences including loans to its consumers in addition to services for small business owners. This study employed a descriptive qualitative methodology. The findings of this study show that the communication strategy used at BRI, Batingrejo Unit, Muncar Sub-District, Banyuwangi District to increase debtors on Kupedes loans is based on an objective evaluation and also the system for granting Rural General Credit (Kupedes) at the BRI. The procedures that must be given to prospective debtors on Kupedes loans are presented by the Kupedes initiator (Mantri), and are realized in the form of.
Ijma’ dan Qiyas Sebagai Sumber Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Mahsun Moch , Hakim Imamul
Published: November 2023

According to Jumhur ulama ushul fiqih, ijma’ is a principle that serves as the cornerstone for the mujtahid's attempts to resolve disputes in situations where the Qur'an and as-Sunnah have not yet been followed by nash. Ijtihad Literally, it means to seriously hold onto your beliefs. In contrast, the term syara’ refers to honestly dedicating one's skills and thoughts to establishing syari’ah law in certain ways. This study employs an examination of the literature to demonstrate that Ijma’ dan Qiyas is a source of syari’ah economic law.
Histopathologicalandhaematologicalchangesinhaemonchosiscaused by Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants of Bangladesh
Authors: M.A Mannan, , M Masuduzzaman, , T.M Rakib, , S Chowdhury, , Hossain M.A.
Published: November 2023

Haemonchosis is an endo-parasitic infection of ruminants caused by Haemonchus parasites and causes economic losses of production system in developing countries. Properdiagnosisisimportantforpreventionandcontrolstrategies.Thepresentstudy was conducted to observe the histopathological and haematological changes in Haemonchus infection in small ruminants (sheep and goat). A total of 50 gastrointestinaltractsandliverswerecollectedfrom50slaughteredanimalswhile17 samples were found as positive to haemonchosis. These parasites were detected by morphometric features. In the histopathological section, all abomasa of the infected host (17) disclosed hemorrhages, edema, congestion of the blood vessels and desquamation of abomasal villi. The lymphocytic and huge amount of eosinophilic infiltration (52.94%) was found in mucous and gastric glands of the abomasum. Liver showed (17.64%) congestion, hepatocyte degeneration, bile duct hyperplasia and mononuclear cell infiltration. Uniform basophilic calcified mass and lined by thick fibrous capsule were also observed in the liver. In the haematological study, the packedcellvolume(%)wassignificantly(P=0.005)declined(24.53±4.69)comparedto the normal value (25-40%). The RBC (6.15±1.85 million/mm3) and Hb (8.40±0.92g/dl) concentration were apparently lower than the normal values. Eosinophil (5.59±2.37%) and lymphocyte (78.11±9.71%) count were apparently increased compared to their normal values (1-6% and 50-70%, respectively) in Differential cell count. These findings of the present study may upgrade the diagnostic tools of haemonchosis in small ruminants in Bangladesh.
Molecular identification and characterization of Trypanosoma infection in cattle in Chittagong Metropolitan area, Bangladesh
Authors: A Mannan, , A.M.A.M Siddiki, , S Das, , M.A Alim, , Hossain M.A.
Published: November 2023

Trypanosomiasis is an important infectious disease of animals including cattle. The present study attempted to ascertain the prevalence of trypanosomiasis and relevant risk factors associated with the disease. All the samples for this study were collected from different dairy farms inside Chittagong Metropolitan Area (CMA) under Chittagong district of Bangladesh. The preliminary screening was aided by conventional thin smear technique (Giemsa stain) while modern molecular tools like PCR was used for accurate and reliable identification and characterization. Only three samples (out of 480 samples tested) were found positive through thick blood smear and PCR assay. All these three samples were from Holstein Friesian crossbred cow and none of the local indigenous breed was found positive. Data analyses revealed highest prevalence of trypanosomiasis in rainy season when compared to summer and winter season. Animals older than six years old were found to be infected by trypanosomiasis. PCR assay was applied to all three screened positive samples targetting 18S rRNA gene fragment were successfully amplified. Further sequencing of PCR products and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolates recovered during this study were closely related to the isolates previously reported from Egypt, Taiwan, Thailand and Japan.
Analysis of Digital Consumption Patterns of Digital Wallet Transaction Users in Indonesian Big Cities
Authors: Santoso Agus Dwi , Wulandari Retno Sawitri , Risdwiyanto Andriya , Ahmad Nazaruddin , Judijanto Loso
Published: November 2023

This research aims to analyze how consumption patterns and transaction utilization have changed for young people when using e-wallet transactions. The research conducted by the author used a qualitative approach. In this research, the samples obtained by researchers used a purposive sampling method with a sample size of 100. This research used data collection techniques, including interviews, documentation, and a literature study. The raw data has been collected using interview and documentation data collection techniques, which the author then processes and analyzes. Based on research results, it was found that urban youth have currently experienced evolution or changes in the essence of consumption patterns. Consumption, which is actually a common life phenomenon that will never be replaced, has begun to shift in essence from the motivation of consumption to survive and fulfill needs to consumption to satisfy desires and lifestyle. The presence of digital transactions is here to meet these changes in consumption patterns. In a way, both of them have a mutual influence between consumption patterns, which are increasing in purchasing primary and secondary goods, and the high use of e-wallets, which is proven by the high circulation of money from year to year.
Study on the Nature of Science (NOS) in Science Education Since 1895-2022: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Andi Suhandi  , Samsudin Achmad
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this overview is to map the studies focused on the nature of science in the scientific Scopus journal. The nature of science (NOS) and its impact on pedagogical learning and science education have become central themes of education and research. The Study methodology used in this study is bibliometrics utilising VOS viewer. Specifically, research results analysis and coward analysis were carried out. The term NOS has ever been analyzed in the Scopus database. A total of 2756 papers were analyzed consisting of 2048 articles, 202 conference articles, 56 books, 263  book chapters, and 187 other papers were analyzed. The results report that studies in the field of education of NOS more increased and have continued uninterruptedly up to the present day, even though interest generated in the scientific community has been irregular.  It can be concluded that NOS studies have not had an established and robust line of research over time, this study can be observed that the trends in this aspect are focused on science education.
Attempts to Enhance The Learning Outcomes of Students by The Use of Image-Based Student Worksheets on Nervous System Materials
Authors: Sari Lusiana Yosanda , Soesilawaty Soesy Asiah , Marhamah Rr
Published: November 2023

The problem with this study is that the biological learning outcomes of SMA Lab School UPI students in class XI IPA 1 remain low. The objective of this study is to enhance the biology learning outcomes of students by utilizing image-based worksheets. The researcher conducted classroom action research in two cycles in order to accomplish this goal. This study involves collaborative action research in the classroom that makes use of the Kemmis and Taggart methodology. Students in class XI IPA 1 at SMA Lab School UPI served as the research subjects. Tests, surveys, and observations are the approaches used in this study to collect data. An observation sheet serves as the research tool, and it is assessed qualitatively. Additionally, the concept mastery test results, which are analyzed quantitatively, are supplied. The study's findings indicate that, when image-based student worksheets were used, biology learning outcomes in the nervous system of the classroom were improved, with 19% of students reaching the minimum completeness limit score. Similarly, in cycle I, the average result of the concept mastery test was 77, and 61% of students met the minimum completeness limit score. The average concept mastery score increased to 85 in Cycle II, and a greater proportion of students met the 92% minimum completion criteria.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND MENTAL HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Persiyantseva Svetlana , Artemenkov Sergei
Published: November 2023

Demographic, socio-cultural, technological information, and communication
changes in the country affect the mental state of young people,
their emotional and psychological state, as well as the degree of their social
adaptation and self-realization. Therefore, the study and understanding of the
mechanisms that affect psychological well-being and mental health of young
people in a transitive society is a key and urgent task for modern psychology.
Not only the personal development of young people depends on this, but
also, more broadly, the socio-economic well-being of society as a whole. The
purpose is to study the factors affecting psychological well-being, life satisfaction
and mental health of young people. Psychological well-being and mental
health were studied with the Scales of psychological well-being, Satisfaction
with life scale, WHO. Factors affecting well-being and mental health were
studied with Multiple stimulus types ambiguity tolerance scale-I; Hardiness
questionnaire; General self-effi cacy scale; Self-control scale; Test of meaningful
life orientations. The study involved  students. .% of this sample are
students aged - (M=.; SD=.). Mathematical analysis was carried
out on this sample of  teenagers. Results. Positive correlations were found
between well-being and hardiness, involvement, control, acceptance of uncertainty
and its preference. With an increase in life satisfaction, mental health,
the well-being signifi cantly increases. Negative correlations were obtained between
well-being and inability to maintain positive relationships with others.
Conclusion. Adolescents with high psychological well-being and mental health
are self-confi dent. They are convinced that their activities can change the situation
for the better. They adhere to the principle “There are no failures, there
is only experience.” They have life goals and meaning in life. They are able to
control their lives, freely make decisions, set goals and implement them in life.
They believe that their life is interesting and emotionally rich.
BULLYING STRUCTURE IN CLASSES WITH MIGRANT CHILDREN
Authors: Andronnikova Olga
Published: November 2023

The relevance of the article is due to the need to prevent tension
in interpersonal interactions of children (including bullying) and the need to
create a system to prevent violence against minors. This is especially important
in classrooms where there are migrant children. The purpose of the study
is to identify the structure of bullying in classes where there are migrant children.
The study involved  eighth grade students of secondary education
schools in Novosibirsk, with different national composition. The research
methods included diagnostic interviews, focus groups, questionnaires, the
“Our Class” (“Bulling Structure”) methodology by Norkina E.G. An analysis of
the results allows us to conclude that there is a difference in the structure of
bullying in classes with a different percentage of migrant children. Based on
the results of the study, methodological recommendations have been developed
for the prevention of bullying in classes where there are migrant children.
FEATURES OF CYBERBULLYING PREVENTION IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Dunaeva Natalia
Published: November 2023

The article presents the experience of organizing preventive
work on the problem of destructive aggression in university students. Young
people as a certain socio-psychological group, with their age characteristics,
are the most vulnerable to the effects of destructive discourse. The article
analyzes the problem of manifestation of destructive behavior, considers the
causes, types, forms of its manifestation in the youth environment. A special
place is occupied by the negative impact of cyberbullying on the mental
health of its victims. Methods for diagnosing a tendency to destructive aggression
used by the Center for Socio-Psychological Support of Students of
NSUU to identify students at risk are presented; some diagnostic results are
given. The most common cases of cyberbullying in the practice of a university
psychologist are described. Some characterological features and personal
properties of students - aggressors were revealed. The experience of the Center
for Social and Psychological Support of Students on monitoring, analysis,
interpretation of markers of destructive aggression in social networks is
presented. A model of a comprehensive program of destructive aggression
prevention in the conditions of educational institutions has been developed,
which includes primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
PERSONAL BOUNDARIES AND BULLYING AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Mozgovaya Natalya
Published: November 2023

Research relevance. The problem of bullying at school is an
interdisciplinary issue. It is important to examine it alongside personality
characteristics like personality boundaries. Research objective. We examined
the relationship between the personality boundaries functions and the
components of schoolchildren’s bullying structure. Research methods and
sample. We applied diagnostics of psychological boundaries of personality
(T.S. Levy) and methodology for identifying “bullying structure” (E.G. Norkina),
examining fi fty-three schoolchildren (aged -) of both sexes. Key
results. There is a connection between the personality boundary and the
components of bullying structure, namely, if certain boundary functions
manifest themselves, the expression of the bullying structure components
change. The results show positive and negative relationships at p≤. and
p≤. level between personality boundary functions and bullying structure
components: signifi cant positive relationships at the p≤. level between
the “initiator” component of the bullying structure and the boundary functions:
“ penetrable” (r=., when p=.); “absorbing” (r=., when
p=.); “calm-neutral” (r=., when p=.). Thus, when personality
boundaries functions are high, the bullying structure “initiator” gains prominence,
and vice versa. We found positive and negative relationships with
p≤. between the bullying role “protector” and the calm-neutral boundary
function (r=., with p≤.); between the “victim” component and
the restraining function (r=-., p≤.), and the calm-neutral one (r=-
., p≤.). The results are in the area of uncertainty, indicating a trend
in this relationship. Observations. “Initiator” is an individual with a high
potential for aggression. Such personality boundary functions as permeable,
absorptive and calm-neutral are typical of “initiators”. School bullies tend to
‘dissolve’ the boundaries of others. They have their own strong permission to
ask for help, and do not handle rejection.