bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of a Narrow Coastal Bay of Bengal Sea Surface Temperature Front on an Indian Summer Monsoon Simulation
Authors: Samanta Dhrubajyoti , Hameed Saji N. , Jin Dachao , Thilakan Vishnu , Ganai Malay , Rao Suryachandra A. , Deshpande Medha
Published: November 2018

A dry bias in climatological Central Indian rainfall plagues Indian summer monsoon (ISM) simulations in multiple generations of climate models. Here, using observations and regional climate modeling, we focus on a warm coastal Bay of Bengal sea surface temperature (SST) front and its impact on Central Indian rainfall. The SST front, featuring sharp gradients as large as 0.5 °C/100 km, is colocated with a mixed layer depth (MLD) front, in a region where salinity variations are known to control MLD. Regional climate simulations coupling a regional atmospheric model with an ocean mixed layer model are performed. A simulation with observed MLD climatology reproduces SST, rainfall, and atmospheric circulation associated with ISM reasonably well; it also eliminates the dry bias over Central India significantly. Perturbing MLD structure in the simulations, we isolate the SST front’s impact on the simulated ISM climate state. This experiment offers insights into ISM climatological biases in the coupled NCEP Climate Forecast System version-2. We suggest that the warm SST front is essential to Central Indian rainfall as it helps to sustain deep and intense convection in its vicinity, which may be a source for the vortex cores seeding the monsoon low-pressure systems.
Electrostatic Origins of CO2-Increased Hydrophilicity in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Chen Yongqiang , Sari Ahmad , Xie Quan , Brady Patrick V. , Hossain Md Mofazzal , Saeedi Ali
Published: November 2018

Injecting CO2 into oil reservoirs appears to be cost-effective and environmentally friendly due to decreasing the use of chemicals and cutting back on the greenhouse gas emission released. However, there is a pressing need for new algorithms to characterize oil/brine/rock system wettability, thus better predict and manage CO2 geological storage and enhanced oil recovery in oil reservoirs. We coupled surface complexation/CO2 and calcite dissolution model, and accurately predicted measured oil-on-calcite contact angles in NaCl and CaCl2 solutions with and without CO2. Contact angles decreased in carbonated water indicating increased hydrophilicity under carbonation. Lowered salinity increased hydrophilicity as did Ca2+. Hydrophilicity correlates with independently calculated oil-calcite electrostatic bridging. The link between the two may be used to better implement CO2 EOR in fields.
Novel Liposome Eencapsulated Guanosine Di Phosphate based Therapeutic Target against Anemia of Inflammation
Authors: Angmo Stanzin , Rana Shilpa , Yadav Kamalendra , Sandhir Rajat , Singhal Nitin Kumar
Published: November 2018

Hepcidin, master regulator of iron homeostasis, causes anemia under infectious and inflammatory conditions by reducing intestinal absorption of iron with decreased release of iron from macrophages and liver despite adequate iron stores leading to Anemia of Inflammation (AI). Many therapeutic trials have been carried out but none have been effective due to its adverse effects. In present study, we discover that Guanosine 5’-diphosphate (GDP) encapsulated in lipid vesicle (NH+) was found to inhibit NF-ҝB activation by limiting phosphorylation and degradation of IҝBα, thus, attenuating IL-6 secretion from macrophage cells. Moreover, the suppressed IL-6 levels down regulated JAK2/STAT3 pathway with decrease inflammation-mediated Hamp mRNA transcription (HepG2) and increase iron absorption (Caco2) in HepG2/Caco2 co-culture model. Analogous results were obtained in acute and chronic AI mice model thus, correcting haemoglobin level. These results proved NH + GDP as novel therapeutic agent to overcome limitations and suggests it as potential drug to ameliorate AI.
A Perlin Noise-Based Augmentation Strategy for Deep Learning with Small Data Samples of HRCT Images
Authors: Bae Hyun-Jin , Kim Chang-Wook , Kim Namju , Park BeomHee , Kim Namkug , Seo Joon Beom , Lee Sang Min
Published: November 2018

Deep learning is now widely used as an efficient tool for medical image classification and segmentation. However, conventional machine learning techniques are still more accurate than deep learning when only a small dataset is available. In this study, we present a general data augmentation strategy using Perlin noise, applying it to pixel-by-pixel image classification and quantification of various kinds of image patterns of diffuse interstitial lung disease (DILD). Using retrospectively obtained high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images from 106 patients, 100 regions-of-interest (ROIs) for each of six classes of image patterns (normal, ground-glass opacity, reticular opacity, honeycombing, emphysema, and consolidation) were selected for deep learning classification by experienced thoracic radiologists. For extra-validation, the deep learning quantification of the six classification patterns was evaluated for 92 HRCT whole lung images for which hand-labeled segmentation masks created by two experienced radiologists were available. FusionNet, a convolutional neural network (CNN), was used for training, test, and extra-validation on classifications of DILD image patterns. The accuracy of FusionNet with data augmentation using Perlin noise (89.5%, 49.8%, and 55.0% for ROI-based classification and whole lung quantifications by two radiologists, respectively) was significantly higher than that with conventional data augmentation (82.1%, 45.7%, and 49.9%, respectively). This data augmentation strategy using Perlin noise could be widely applied to deep learning studies for image classification and segmentation, especially in cases with relatively small datasets.
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae resides intracellularly within porcine epithelial cells
Authors: Raymond B. B. A. , Turnbull L. , Jenkins C. , Madhkoor R. , Schleicher I. , Uphoff C. C. , Whitchurch C. B. , Rohde M. , Djordjevic S. P.
Published: November 2018

Enzootic pneumonia incurs major economic losses to pork production globally. The primary pathogen and causative agent,Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, colonises ciliated epithelium and disrupts mucociliary function predisposing the upper respiratory tract to secondary pathogens. Alleviation of disease is reliant on antibiotics, vaccination, and sound animal husbandry, but none are effective at eliminatingM. hyopneumoniaefrom large production systems. Sustainable pork production systems strive to lower reliance on antibiotics but lack of a detailed understanding of the pathobiology ofM. hyopneumoniaehas curtailed efforts to develop effective mitigation strategies.M. hyopneumoniaeis considered an extracellular pathogen. Here we show thatM. hyopneumoniaeassociates with integrin β1 on the surface of epithelial cells via interactions with surface-bound fibronectin and initiates signalling events that stimulate pathogen uptake into clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) and caveosomes. These early events allowM. hyopneumoniaeto exploit an intracellular lifestyle by commandeering the endosomal pathway. Specifically, we show: (i) using a modified gentamicin protection assay that approximately 8% ofM. hyopneumoniaecells reside intracellularly; (ii) integrin β1 expression specifically co-localises with the deposition of fibronectin precisely whereM. hyopneumoniaecells assemble extracellularly; (iii) anti-integrin β1 antibodies block entry ofM. hyopneumoniaeinto porcine cells; and (iv)M. hyopneumoniaesurvives phagolysosomal fusion, and resides within recycling endosomes that are trafficked to the cell membrane. Our data creates a paradigm shift by challenging the long-held view thatM. hyopneumoniaeis a strict extracellular pathogen and calls forin vivostudies to determine ifM. hyopneumoniaecan traffic to extrapulmonary sites in commercially-reared pigs.
Loss of interneurons and disruption of perineuronal nets in the cerebral cortex following hypoxia-ischaemia in near-term fetal sheep
Authors: Fowke Tania M. , Galinsky Robert , Davidson Joanne O. , Wassink Guido , Karunasinghe Rashika N. , Prasad Jaya D. , Bennet Laura , Gunn Alistair J. , Dean Justin M.
Published: November 2018

Hypoxia-ischaemia (HI) in term infants is a common cause of brain injury and neurodevelopmental impairment. Development of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic circuitry in the cerebral cortex is a critical event in perinatal brain development. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialised extracellular matrix structures that surround GABAergic interneurons, and are important for their function. Herein, we hypothesised that HI would reduce survival of cortical interneurons and disrupt PNNs in a near-term fetal sheep model of global cerebral ischaemia. Fetal sheep (0.85 gestation) received sham occlusion (n = 5) or 30 min of reversible cerebral ischaemia (HI group; n = 5), and were recovered for 7 days. Expression of interneurons (glutamate decarboxylase [GAD]+; parvalbumin [PV]+) and PNNs (Wisteria floribunda agglutinin, WFA) was assessed in the parasagittal cortex by immunohistochemistry. HI was associated with marked loss of both GAD+ and PV+ cortical interneurons (all layers of the parasagittal cortex and layer 6) and PNNs (layer 6). The expression and integrity of PNNs was also reduced on surviving GAD+ interneurons. There was a trend towards a linear correlation of the proportion of GAD+ neurons that were WFA+ with seizure burden (r2 = 0.76, p = 0.0534). Overall, these data indicate that HI may cause deficits in the cortical GABAergic system involving loss of interneurons and disruption of PNNs, which may contribute to the range of adverse neurological outcomes following perinatal brain injury.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus
Authors: Baeza J. Antonio
Published: November 2018

Panulirus argus is a keystone species and target of the most lucrative fishery in the Caribbean region. This study reports, for the first time, the complete mitochondrial genome of Panulirus argus (average coverage depth nucleotide−1 = 70×) assembled from short Illumina 150 bp PE reads. The AT-rich mitochondrial genome of Panulirusargus was 15 739 bp in length and comprised 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. A single 801 bp long intergenic space was assumed to be the D-loop. Most of the PCGs were encoded on the H-strand. The gene order observed in the mitochondrial genome of Panulirus argus corresponds to the presumed Pancrustacean ground pattern. KA/KS ratios calculated for all mitochondrial PCGs showed values < 1, indicating that all these PCGs are evolving under purifying selection. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis (concatenated PCGs [n = 13], 154 arthropods) supported the monophyly of the Achelata and other infraorders within the Decapoda. Mitochondrial PCGs have enough phylogenetic informativeness to explore high-level genealogical relationships in the Pancrustacea. The complete mitochondrial genome of the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirusargus will contribute to the better understanding of meta-population connectivity in this keystone overexploited species.
Automated adherent cell elimination by a high-speed laser mediated by a light-responsive polymer
Authors: Hayashi Yohei , Matsumoto Junichi , Kumagai Shohei , Morishita Kana , Xiang Long , Kobori Yohei , Hori Seiji , Suzuki Masami , Kanamori Toshiyuki , Hotta Kazuhiro , Sumaru Kimio
Published: November 2018

Conventional cell handling and sorting methods require manual labor, which decreases both cell quality and quantity. To purify adherent cultured cells, cell purification technologies that are high throughput without dissociation and can be utilized in an on-demand manner are expected. Here, we developed a Laser-induced, Light-responsive-polymer-Activated, Cell Killing (LiLACK) system that enables high-speed and on-demand adherent cell sectioning and purification. This system employs a visible laser beam, which does not kill cells directly, but induces local heat production through the trans-cis-trans photo-isomerization of azobenzene moieties. Using this system in each passage for sectioning, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) maintained their pluripotency and self-renewal during long-term culture. Furthermore, combined with deep machine-learning analysis on fluorescent and phase contrast images, a label-free and automatic cell processing system has been developed by eliminating unwanted spontaneously differentiated cells in undifferentiated hiPSC culture conditions.
Antibacterial isoamphipathic oligomers highlight the importance of multimeric lipid aggregation for antibacterial potency
Authors: Brown Joseph S. , Mohamed Zeinab J. , Artim Christine M. , Thornlow Dana N. , Hassler Joseph F. , Rigoglioso Vincent P. , Daniel Susan , Alabi Christopher A.
Published: November 2018

Cationic charge and hydrophobicity have long been understood to drive the potency and selectivity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). However, these properties alone struggle to guide broad success in vivo, where AMPs must differentiate bacterial and mammalian cells, while avoiding complex barriers. New parameters describing the biophysical processes of membrane disruption could provide new opportunities for antimicrobial optimization. In this work, we utilize oligothioetheramides (oligoTEAs) to explore the membrane-targeting mechanism of oligomers, which have the same cationic charge and hydrophobicity, yet show a unique ~ 10-fold difference in antibacterial potency. Solution-phase characterization reveals little difference in structure and dynamics. However, fluorescence microscopy of oligomer-treatedStaphylococcus aureusmimetic membranes shows multimeric lipid aggregation that correlates with biological activity and helps establish a framework for the kinetic mechanism of action. Surface plasmon resonance supports the kinetic framework and supports lipid aggregation as a driver of antimicrobial function.
2D superconductivity and vortex dynamics in 1T-MoS2
Authors: Sharma Chithra H. , Surendran Ananthu P. , Varma Sangeeth S. , Thalakulam Madhu
Published: November 2018

The Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition and Bose metal phase, driven by vortices and their dynamics are the hallmark features of a clean two-dimensional superconductor. Materials with a minimal structural disorder and high conductivity are essential for the observation of these features. 1T-MoS2, a relatively unexplored metallic van der Waals material, is a promising candidate in this regard. Here, we report the observation of two-dimensional superconductivity in a few-layer 1T-MoS2 device. The electrical characterisation reveals a transition temperature Tc ~920 mK. Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition and anisotropy in the magneto-transport confirm the dimensionality of the superconductivity. In addition, we observe an enhancement in the parallel upper-critical-field and emergence of the Bose metal state in our sample. The observation of 2D superconductivity in 1T-MoS2 and the capability to scalably engineer this phase on the semiconducting 2H-MoS2 phase opens up a new route for the realisation and study of monolithic hybrid quantum circuits.
Extremely selective detection of ppb levels of indoor xylene using CoCr2O4 hollow spheres activated by Pt doping
Authors: Lee Kun Ho , Kim Bo-Young , Yoon Ji-Wook , Lee Jong-Heun
Published: November 2018

Ultrasensitive and extremely selective detection of indoor xylene is achieved by using Pt-doped CoCr2O4 hollow spheres.
Chemical sensing of water contaminants by a colloid of a fluorescent imine-linked covalent organic framework
Authors: Albacete Pablo , López-Moreno Alejandro , Mena-Hernando Sofía , Platero-Prats Ana E. , Pérez Emilio M. , Zamora Félix
Published: November 2018

A two-dimensional imine-linked covalent organic framework bearing pyrene has been prepared and exfoliated in water as nanosheets to produce a stable water colloid. This COF colloid has been used to detect the presence of several organic dyes and polynitro-aromatic derivatives.
Metallo-supramolecular assembly of protic pincer-type complexes: encapsulation of dinitrogen and carbon disulfide into a multiproton-responsive diruthenium cage
Authors: Toda Tatsuro , Suzuki Satoshi , Kuwata Shigeki
Published: November 2018

A protic pincer complex and rigid diphosphine linker formed a cage, which incorporated N2 and CS2 into the multiproton-responsive cavity.
3D structure of the electric double layer of ionic liquid–alcohol mixtures at the electrochemical interface
Authors: Otero-Mato José M. , Montes-Campos Hadrián , Cabeza Oscar , Diddens Diddo , Ciach Alina , Gallego Luis J. , Varela Luis M.
Published: November 2018

We report the first MD simulations of the 3D structure of the electric double layer of ionic liquid–alcohol mixtures.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Investigations on HONO formation from photolysis of adsorbed HNO3 on quartz glass surfaces”’ by M. N. Sullivan, L. T. Chu and L. Zhu, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018, 20, DOI: 10.1039/C8CP04497J
Authors: Laufs Sebastian , Kleffmann Jörg
Published: November 2018

Photolysis of HNO3 on clean surfaces is no significant source of HONO and NOx at atmospheric humidity.
Transition metal compounds as cancer radiosensitizers
Authors: Gill Martin R. , Vallis Katherine A.
Published: November 2018

Combining metallo-drugs with ionising radiation for synergistic cancer cell killing: chemical design principles, mechanisms of action and emerging applications.
In situhydrothermal etching fabrication of CaTiO3on TiO2nanosheets with heterojunction effects to enhance CO2adsorption and photocatalytic reduction
Authors: Lin Jinjin , Hu Jiangshan , Qiu Chengwei , Huang Huijuan , Chen Lu , Xie Yanyu , Zhang Zizhong , Lin Huaxiang , Wang Xuxu
Published: November 2018

In situfabricated CaTiO3/TiO2heterojunction shows highly photocatalytic activity for reduction of CO2to CO with H2O.
A calix[4]arene-modified (Pc)Eu(Pc)Eu[T(C4A)PP]-based sensor for highly sensitive and specific host–guest electrochemical recognition
Authors: Dong Jurong , Yu Zhenning , Kong Xia , Zhao Shuai , Li Xiyou , Chen Yuting , Chen Yanli , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: November 2018

A nonenzymatic organic electrochemical sensor with ultrasensitive and specific host–guest recognition characteristics is developed based on a novel triple-decker (Pc)Eu(Pc)Eu[T(C4A)PP].
Enhancement of alkaline water splitting activity by Co–P coating on a copper oxide nanowire
Authors: Chang Bing , Yang Yingchun , Ye Zhixiang , Liu Shengyu
Published: November 2018

An amorphous Co–P shell coating on a copper oxide nanowire array to synergistically boost the catalytic activity toward alkaline water splitting, and this shell/core Co–P/CuO nanowire array is durable with a cell voltage of only 1.645 V to reach 20 mA cm−2 by a two-electrode configuration in an alkaline water electrolyzer.
Thermodynamics of plutonium(iii) and curium(iii) complexation with a N-donor ligand
Authors: Miguirditchian Manuel , Guillaumont Dominique , Saint-Maxent Audrey , Moisy Philippe , Guillaneux Denis , Madic Charles
Published: November 2018

The complexation of Pu(iii) and Cm(iii) with a soft N-donor ligand was investigated using the van't Hoff method, microcalorimetry and DFT calculations.
From scalable solution fabrication of perovskite films towards commercialization of solar cells
Authors: Huang Fei , Li Mengjie , Siffalovic Peter , Cao Guozhong , Tian Jianjun
Published: November 2018

Perovskite large-scale solution manufacturing methods combined with relevant crystallization thermodynamics and kinetics, as well as challenges including stability, toxicity, and module cost issues towards commercialization are reviewed.
Impact of human milk on the transcriptomic response of fetal intestinal epithelial cells reveals expression changes of immune-related genes
Authors: Gimeno-Alcañiz José V. , Collado María Carmen
Published: November 2018

Human milk, the best food for infants, is a dynamic and complex fluid that directly influences the immune system and microbiota establishment.
ADMET-score – a comprehensive scoring function for evaluation of chemical drug-likeness
Authors: Guan Longfei , Yang Hongbin , Cai Yingchun , Sun Lixia , Di Peiwen , Li Weihua , Liu Guixia , Tang Yun
Published: November 2018

Chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), play key roles in drug discovery and development.
Across the spectrum: integrating multidimensional metal analytics forin situmetallomic imaging
Authors: Stewart Theodora J.
Published: November 2018

Taking a systems analytical approach to systems biology questions requires a network of multidimensional analytical tools to illuminate the many different functional and structural aspects of metals in biology.
Correction: Noble metal supported hexagonal boron nitride for the oxygen reduction reaction: a DFT study
Authors: Back Seoin , Siahrostami Samira
Published: November 2018

Correction for ‘Noble metal supported hexagonal boron nitride for the oxygen reduction reaction: a DFT study’ by Seoin Back et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8na00059j.
Improved catalytic performance of lipase under non-aqueous conditions by entrapment into alkyl-functionalized mesoporous silica
Authors: Jin Wen-Bin , Xu Yan , Yu Xiao-Wei
Published: November 2018

Immobilizing lipase r27RCL into octadecyl-functionalized mesoporous silica materials significantly improved the activity and enantioselectivity of the lipase.
Green synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots from Allium fistulosum for cell imaging
Authors: Wei Zhihong , Wang Boyang , Liu Yuan , Liu Zhongyi , Zhang Huan , Zhang Shijie , Chang Junbiao , Lu Siyu
Published: November 2018

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots were synthesised via Allium fistulosum, that exhibit low cytotoxicity and provide good optical stability for cell imaging.
PVP-templated highly luminescent copper nanoclusters for sensing trinitrophenol and living cell imaging
Authors: Li Yulian , Feng Lingyun , Yan Wei , Hussain Irshad , Su Li , Tan Bien
Published: November 2018

Copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) exhibit susceptibility to oxidation in the subnanometer size range.
Neoadjuvant nano-photothermal therapy used before operation effectively assists in surgery for breast cancer
Authors: Yan Hao , Shang Wenting , Sun Xiaodan , Zhao Lingyun , Wang Xiumei , Zhang Shuixing , Xu Nan , Xu Wanhai , Tian Jie , Kang Feiyu
Published: November 2018

The neoadjuvant nano-photothermal therapy used before operation could shrink the tumor in a short time and make the boundary clearer, thus greatly assisting subsequent surgery resection and improving the surgery effect finally.
Vinylogous acyl triflates as an entry point to α,β-disubstituted cyclic enones via Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling
Authors: Kim Daria E. , Zhu Yingchuan , Newhouse Timothy R.
Published: November 2018

An alternative protocol for the B-alkyl Suzuki–Miyaura reaction to produce cyclic α,β-disubstituted enones is reported.
Comparison of two water oxidation electrocatalysts by copper or zinc supermolecule complexes based on porphyrin ligand
Authors: Huang Zhaodi , Zhang Meixi , Lin Huan , Ding Shuo , Dong Bin , Liu Di , Wang Hong , Dai Fangna , Sun Daofeng
Published: November 2018

Two supermolecule complexes based on porphyrin ligand have been synthesized. The oxygen evolution reaction properties and proposed reaction mechanism of the complexes were studied.
Transforming atmospheric CO2 into alternative fuels: a metal-free approach under ambient conditions
Authors: Chandra Sau Samaresh , Bhattacharjee Rameswar , Hota Pradip Kumar , Vardhanapu Pavan K. , Vijaykumar Gonela , Govindarajan R. , Datta Ayan , Mandal Swadhin K.
Published: November 2018

The present work established the metal-free approach to capture CO2 from air and its reduction into alternative fuel under ambient conditions.
Templating metastable Pd2 carboxylate aggregates
Authors: Wang Chen-Hao , Gao Wen-Yang , Ma Qing , Powers David C.
Published: November 2018

Evaluation of the potential for metal–metal (M–M) cooperation to enable catalysis requires access to specific polynuclear aggregates that display appropriate geometry and size. Here we demonstrate ion metathesis within pre-formed metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to prepare metastable Pd2 tetracarboxylates sites.
Correction: Generalized Langevin dynamics: construction and numerical integration of non-Markovian particle-based models
Authors: Jung Gerhard , Hanke Martin , Schmid Friederike
Published: November 2018

Correction for ‘Generalized Langevin dynamics: construction and numerical integration of non-Markovian particle-based models’ by Gerhard Jung et al., Soft Matter, 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01817k.
Organic heterojunction photocathodes for optimized photoelectrochemical hydrogen peroxide production
Authors: Gryszel Maciej , Markov Aleksandr , Vagin Mikhail , Głowacki Eric Daniel
Published: November 2018

This work demonstrates that high performance and stable photocathodes for H2O2 evolution can be easily fabricated from semiconductive organic pigments.
Hypoxia-responsive micelles self-assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers for the controlled release of anticancer drugs
Authors: Deng Yinlu , Yuan Hua , Yuan Weizhong
Published: November 2018

Hypoxia-responsive PEG-b-P(MAA-co-NIMA) copolymer micelles expanded under hypoxic conditions and achieved the controlled release of anticancer DOX molecules.
Carboplatin prodrug conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for magnetically targeted drug delivery in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Song Haiqin , Quan Feifei , Yu Zhiqiang , Zheng Minhua , Ma Yan , Xiao Haihua , Ding Fang
Published: November 2018

The magnetically targeted NPs@carboplatin can act as a drug delivery system and will have great potential in ovarian cancer therapeutic applications.
Acid-breakable TPGS-functionalized and diallyl disulfide-crosslinked nanogels for enhanced inhibition of MCF-7/ADR solid tumours
Authors: Sun Min , He Le , Wang Xin , Tang Rupei
Published: November 2018

Herein, the dual-functionalized nanogels were used for multidrug resistance (MDR) solid tumour therapy by combining ROS with inhibition of efflux.
Highly ordered AIEgen directed silica hybrid mesostructures and their light-emitting behaviours
Authors: Chang Hui , Mao Wenting , Duan Yingying , Zhang Wanning , Zhou Chao , Han Lu , Li Lijun , Che Shunai
Published: November 2018

Mesostructured fluorescent silica hybrids (MFSHs) were synthesized by using tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based quaternary ammonium salts as surfactants with typical aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behaviours.
Improving the luminous efficacy and resistance to blue laser irradiation of phosphor-in-glass based solid state laser lighting through employing dual-functional sapphire plate
Authors: Zhang Xuejie , Si Shuaichen , Yu Jinbo , Wang Zijun , Zhang Ronghuan , Lei Bingfu , Liu Yingliang , Zhuang Jianle , Hu Chaofan , Cho Yujin , Xie Rong-Jun , Zhang Hong-Wu , Tian Zifeng , Wang Jing
Published: November 2018

The luminous efficacy and durability of white LDs are obviously enhanced though employing dual-functional sapphire plate.
A facile random copolymer strategy to achieve highly conductive polymer gel electrolytes for electrochemical applications
Authors: Kim Yong Min , Seo Dong Gyu , Oh Hwan , Moon Hong Chul
Published: November 2018

A facile random copolymer strategy based on poly(styrene-ran-methyl methacrylate) (PS-r-PMMA) is proposed for the preparation of highly conductive and mechanically elastic solid-state gel electrolytes.
New indolo carbazole-based non-fullerene n-type semiconductors for organic solar cell applications
Authors: Suman Suman , Siddiqui Afzal , Keshtov M. L. , Sharma Ganesh D. , Singh Surya Prakash
Published: November 2018

In this work, two new indolo-[3,2-b]-carbazole (ICz) core-based non-fullerene acceptors (ICz-Rd2 and ICz-RdCN2) with an A–π–D–π–A backbone were designed, synthesized, and characterized and the influence of molecular engineering on the terminal end groups on their performance in organic solar cells (OSCs) was systematically examined.
Fresh and ozonized black carbon promoted DNA damage and repair responses in A549 cells
Authors: An Jing , He Huixin , Wang Lu , Jin Yingying , Kong Jiexing , Zhong Yufang , Liu Mingyuan , Shang Yu
Published: November 2018

OBC caused more DNA damage repairment than FBC through cell cycle arrest at S phase, resulting in weaker DNA damages.
The deregulation of STIM1 and store operative calcium entry impaired aortic smooth muscle cells contractility in aortic medial degeneration
Authors: Hong Junmou , Hu Zhipeng , Wu Qi , Tang Chaoliang , Hu Junxia , Chen Ruoshi , Li Bowen , Wang Zhiwei
Published: November 2018

Background: Microarray analysis of clinical aortic samples suggested a potential role for stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in the modulation of aortic medial degeneration (AMD), despite the uncertainty about STIM1 in normal aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Here, we aimed to explore changes in STIM1 expression in AMD, and the possible mechanisms. Methods: An AMD model was established using auto-delivery of angiotensin II (Ang II) into ApoE−/− mice. We assessed the effects of SKF96365, a STIM1 inhibitor, in AMD model and in vitro cultured ASMCs. Elastic van Gieson (EVG) staining was used to visualize elastic fiber injury. Mitochondria changes were viewed by TEM. Cytoplasmic calcium was quantified by measuring fluo-4 staining in a flow cytometer. Mechanical stretching device was used to mimic stretching that ASMCs experience in vivo. Cell apoptosis was determined by using Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining. The expression of STIM1, contractile related proteins (α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), myosin light chain (MLC)), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (CHOP, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6)) and smad2/3 were assessed by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF). Results: SKF96365 exacerbated aortic injury in the AMD model. SKF96365 reduced cytoplasmic calcium concentration in ASMCs, caused mitochondrial swelling, and elevated the expression of ATF-6 and CHOP. SKF96365 decreased the expression of MLC and α-SMA in ASMCs, causing them to be vulnerable to mechanical stretch. SKF96365 suppressed smad2/3 activation after treatment with transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 (TGFβ1). Conclusions: STIM1 is indispensable in ASMCs. Interfering with STIM1 exaggerated the AMD process by modulating the expression of contractile proteins, inducing ER stress in ASMCs.
Spatial correlation coefficient estimator for frequency selective MIMO channels
Authors: Zhang Jiliang
Published: November 2018

An estimator of the spatial correlation coefficient for frequency selective time invariant MIMO channels is proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed SCC estimator performs better than the widely used classic SCC estimator. Based on numerical simulations, the trade‐off between the maximum tolerable mean‐squared error of the proposed SCC estimator and the measurement bandwidth is shown.
Design and analysis of a bi‐functional ground plane with true reconfigurability
Authors: Bakshi S.C. , Mitra D.
Published: November 2018

A novel bi‐functional ground plane is presented based on frequency selective surface (FSS) and switchable PIN diodes. The proposed FSS can not only be used as a conventional ground plane but it can also be used for spatial filtering purpose. Moreover, the structure is reconfigurable, which means it does not suffer from post fabrication design inflexibilities and can be tuned into any of its two modes of operation by simply changing the bias voltage of the PIN diodes. Unlike the traditional FSSs where transmission band remains no longer under the user's control after fabrication of the structure, the authors have demonstrated here the full control over transmission band of the FSS with the help of a PIN diode and thereby providing two modes of operation of the proposed FSS, i.e. as a spatial filter or as a ground plane.
Pratiques phytosanitaires et niveau d’exposition aux pesticides des producteurs de coton du nord du Bénin
Authors: Gouda Abdoul-Ibrachi , Imorou Toko Ibrahim , Salami Sharaf-Dine , Richert Maïté , Scippo Marie-Louise , Kestemont Patrick , Schiffers Bruno
Published: November 2018

Au Bénin, les écosystèmes terrestres sont pollués par la présence généralisée de résidus de pesticides due à une utilisation intensive de produits phytosanitaires en agriculture, principalement sur la culture du coton. Afin d’évaluer le niveau d’exposition des producteurs aux pesticides et d’estimer l’impact potentiel de ceux-ci sur la santé humaine, des enquêtes semi-structurées couplées à des observations sur les pratiques locales ont été effectuées auprès de 150 producteurs de coton des communes de Gogounou, Kandi et Banikoara, principales zones de production cotonnière du pays. Soixante-quinze pour cent des producteurs interrogés n’ont jamais bénéficié d’une scolarisation, et seulement 5 % d’entre eux ont été formés à l’utilisation sans danger des pesticides sur la culture du coton. Parmi les pesticides utilisés par les producteurs, seuls 19 % appartiennent à la liste des produits homologués au Bénin. Les substances actives les plus fréquemment utilisées sont des insecticides tels que l’acétamipride, la lambda-cyhalothrine, le chlorpyrifos-éthyle, l’émamectine benzoate, le profénofos ou la cyperméthrine. Toutes ces substances sont connues pour être toxiques et pourraient avoir des effets néfastes sur la santé après une exposition. Soixante-quinze pour cent des producteurs interrogés utilisent des doses d’insecticide supérieures à celles recommandées sur les étiquettes et 80 % ne portent pas d’équipement de protection individuelle, que ce soit lors de la préparation de la bouillie, du chargement ou de la pulvérisation. Les emballages vides de pesticides sont souvent abandonnés dans les champs de coton (73 % des observations) ou parfois utilisés à des fins domestiques (25 % des observations). Les observations de terrain traduites en scénarios fiables ont permis d’estimer les niveaux d’exposition des producteurs à l’aide du modèle prédictif UK-POEM. Les expositions totales sans équipement de protection individuelle varient de 0,099 à 0,546 mg/kg de poids corporel/jour. Ces valeurs d’exposition dépassent largement les niveaux d’exposition acceptables pour l’opérateur, indiquant un risque potentiel.
Europe’s Quantum Flagship is taking off
Authors: Riedel Max F. , Bloch Immanuel , Debuisschert Thierry , Wilhelm-Mauch Frank , Pruneri Valerio , Vitanov Nikolay V. , Wehner Stephanie , Calarco Tommaso
Published: November 2018

The European Quantum Flagship is a 10-year, 1 billion Euro initiative, expected to bring quantum technologies from the lab to the market. The initiative is now taking off: The implementation and governance models are decided and the first research projects are commencing their work.
High-frequency behaviour of corner singularities in Helmholtz problems
Authors: Chaumont-Frelet T. , Nicaise S.
Published: November 2018

We analyze the singular behaviour of the Helmholtz equation set in a non-convex polygon. Classically, the solution of the problem is split into a regular part and one singular function for each re-entrant corner. The originality of our work is that the “amplitude” of the singular parts is bounded explicitly in terms of frequency. We show that for high frequency problems, the “dominant” part of the solution is the regular part. As an application, we derive sharp error estimates for finite element discretizations. These error estimates show that the “pollution effect” is not changed by the presence of singularities. Furthermore, a consequence of our theory is that locally refined meshes are not needed for high-frequency problems, unless a very accurate solution is required. These results are illustrated with numerical examples that are in accordance with the developed theory.
Effet d’une intervention en activité physique adaptée sur le niveau de compassion des détenus
Authors: Dosseville Fabrice , Raça Ivan , Dugué Manon , Lecavelier Florian
Published: November 2018

Depuis 2009, les détenus français peuvent bénéficier de la pratique régulière d’activités physiques et sportives. Toutefois, les travaux examinant l’influence de ces pratiques en milieu carcéral restent peu nombreux. Nous suggérons que pour des détenus condamnés pour violence grave, la pratique d’une activité physique adaptée (APA) ait un impact positif sur leur niveau de compassion. Treize détenus condamnés ont participé à deux séances d’APA (i.e., cécifoot et handibasket). Le questionnaire de compassion Pommier, [Pommier, E.A. (2010). The compassion scale. Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Austin: University of Texas] avec 6 sous-échelles était utilisé avant puis après ces séances. Les dimensions bienveillance et humanité commune ont augmenté de manière significative alors que la dimension indifférence a diminué significativement. Les résultats de cette recherche interventionnelle permettent d’examiner le rôle de l’APA en milieu carcéral et son impact sur le niveau de compassion des détenus. Cette première étude exploratoire ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour les travaux avec cette population spécifique.
Optimale Belastung zur Prävention und Rehabilitation von
Hamstring-Verletzungen
Authors: Timmins Ryan , Hickey Jack
Published: November 2018

Hamstring-Verletzungen werfen viele Sportler aus der Bahn. Neuere Untersuchungen
haben ergeben, dass dafür neben kaum zu beeinflussenden Faktoren eine
ungenügende exzentrische Kraft der Knieflexoren sowie verkürzte Faszikel des
Caput longum des M. biceps femoris das Risiko für das Auftreten solcher
Verletzungen erhöhen. Mit einem gezielten Reha-Programm können betroffene
Sportler schneller wieder in den Sport zurückkehren. Die Autoren erklären, wann
mit der aktiven Behandlung begonnen werden kann, welche Übungen am besten
geeignet sind und nach welchen Kriterien die Progression erfolgen soll.
Continuous Flow Chlorination of Alkenyl Iodides Promoted by Copper Tubing
Authors: Nitelet Antoine , Kairouz Vanessa , Lebel Hélène , Charette André , Evano Gwilherm
Published: November 2018

A simple continuous flow synthesis of alkenyl chlorides from the corresponding readily available alkenyl iodides in copper reactor tubing is described. A variety of alkenyl chlorides were obtained in good to excellent yields with full retention of the double bond geometry. The reaction time was reduced by a factor of 24–48 compared to the batch process.
7-Azaindoline Auxiliary: A Versatile Attachment Facilitating Enantioselective­ C–C Bond-Forming Catalysis
Authors: Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: November 2018

This short review provides an overview of 7-azaindoline auxiliaries in asymmetric catalysis. 7-Azaindoline serves as a useful attachment to carboxylic acids, and the thus-formed 7-azaindoline amides are amenable to atom-economical C–C bond-forming reactions with high stereoselectivity. The attachment is used for the sake of gaining traction in promoting the reaction of interest and can be easily removed after enantioselective reactions. Both nucleophilic and electrophilic catalyses are realized with broad tolerance for functional groups, showcasing the usefulness of 7-azaindoline auxiliaries for practical and streamlined synthesis of a wide range of acyclic chiral building blocks.

1 Introduction

2 7-Azaindoline as a Key Auxiliary

3 7-Azaindoline Amide as a Pronucleophile

3.1 α-Carbon-Substituted 7-Azaindoline Amide

3.2 α-Nitrogen-Substituted 7-Azaindoline Amide

3.3 α-Oxygen-Substituted 7-Azaindoline Amide

3.4 α-Fluorocarbon-Substituted 7-Azaindoline Amide

3.5 α-Halogen-Substituted 7-Azaindoline Amide

3.6 α-Sulfur-Substituted 7-Azaindoline Amide

4 7-Azaindoline Amide as an Electrophile

4.1 Conjugate Addition of Butenolides

4.2 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrones

5 Transformation of 7-Azaindoline Amide

6 Conclusion
Platelet Signaling in Primary Haemostasis and Arterial Thrombus Formation: Part 2
Authors: Scharf Rüdiger
Published: November 2018

Platelet signal transduction is the focus of this review. While ‘classic’ platelet signaling through G protein–coupled receptors in response to fluid-phase agonists has been extensively studied, signaling mechanisms linking platelet adhesion receptors such as GPIb-IX-V, GPVI and α2β1 to the activation of αIIbβ3 are less well established. Moreover, ‘non-haemostatic’ pathways can also activate platelets in various settings, including platelet–immune or platelet–tumour cell interactions, platelet responses to neutrophil extracellular traps, or stimulation by microbial pathogens. Genetically determined integrin variants can modulate platelet function and increase thrombogenicity. A typical example is the Pro33 (HPA-1b) variant of αIIbβ3. Recent advances in the genotype–phenotype relation of this prothrombotic variant and its impact on outside-in signaling will be reviewed.
Microvascular Decompression and Nervus Intermedius Sectioning for the Treatment of Geniculate Neuralgia
Authors: Kenning Tyler J. , Kim Christine S. , Bien Alexander G.
Published: November 2018

Objectives Demonstrate the surgical treatment of geniculate neuralgia via microvascular decompression and nervus intermedius sectioning.

Designs Single case-based operative video.

Setting Tertiary center with dedicated skull base team.

Participants The patient is a 62-year-old female with a history of deep right-sided otalgia consistent with geniculate neuralgia. She failed appropriate medical treatment. Her magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an ectatic vertebrobasilar system as well as an anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) loop causing compression of the VII/VIII nerve complex in the cerebellopontine angle.

Main Outcome Measures Resolution of right-sided otalgia.

Results The patient underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy with microvascular decompression of the VII/VIII nerve complex and nervus intermedius sectioning. Intraoperatively, the patient was noted to have an ectatic vertebral artery and AICA that were compressing the root entry zone of the VII/VIII nerve complex. Microvascular decompression was performed of both the vertebral artery and AICA with Teflon. The nervus intermedius was sharply sectioned. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful with no complications. She continues to have resolution of her right sided otalgia at 6 months postoperatively.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/uRb_QfrINSk.
Impact of Gestational Weight Gain on Trial of Labor after Cesarean Success
Authors: Mei Jenny Y. , Havard Alexandra L. , Mularz Amanda J. , Maykin Melanie M. , Gaw Stephanie L.
Published: November 2018

Objective Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including increased risk of cesarean delivery (CD). Data are limited on associations between GWG and outcomes in women undergoing trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). We aimed to investigate whether appropriate GWG impacts TOLAC outcomes.

Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing TOLAC at a single institution from May 2007 to April 2016. Women were divided into three groups based on GWG as compared with the Institute of Medicine recommendations. The primary outcome was successful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). Secondary outcomes included various perinatal morbidity markers.

Results A total of 614 women underwent TOLAC, of whom 444 (72.3%) had successful VBACs. When grouped by GWG in accordance with the Institute of Medicine guidelines, 149 (24.3%) women had GWG below guidelines, 224 (36.5%) met guidelines, and 241(39.3%) exceeded guidelines. There was no difference in the rate of VBAC success among the three groups. We also found no differences in secondary perinatal morbidity markers.

Conclusion We found no difference in TOLAC success rates with excess GWG. Providers should not consider excess GWG a risk factor for failed TOLAC, even in obese patients.
Azithromycin-based Extended-Spectrum Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cesarean: Role of Placental Colonization with Genital Ureaplasmas and Mycoplasmas
Authors: Subramaniam Akila , Waites Ken B. , Jauk Victoria C. , Biggio Joseph R. , Sutton Amelia L. M. , Szychowski Jeff M. , Andrews William W. , Tita Alan T. N.
Published: November 2018

Objective To explore whether the effect of azithromycin (AZI) on postcesarean infections varied by the presence/absence of genital mycoplasmataceae placental colonization.

Study Design This was a single-center substudy of multicenter double-blind C/SOAP (Cesarean Section Optimal Antibiotic Prophylaxis) trial of women randomized to AZI or placebo (+cefazolin) antibiotic prophylaxis at cesarean. Chorioamnion/placenta specimens were tested for genital mycoplasmataceae colonization by polymerase chain reaction. Primary outcome was a composite of endometritis, wound infection, or other infections up to 6 weeks postpartum. Analysis was intent-to-treat; logistic regression was used to evaluate interactions between treatment assignment (AZI/placebo) and the presence/absence of mycoplasmataceae and to quantify effects of AZI in analyses stratified by the presence/absence of these microorganisms.

Results Specimens from 613 women (303 AZI and 310 placebo) were evaluated. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, and approximately 1/3 (30.3%) had mycoplasmataceae placental/chorioamnion colonization. There was no evidence of effect modification (p
interaction = 0.79) between treatment assignment and the presence/absence of organisms. Stratified analyses showed fewer events in the AZI group in the presence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–1.01) and absence (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.24–1) of mycoplasmataceae. Results were similar with endometritis/wound infections and with ureaplasmas/mycoplasmas considered separately.

Conclusion The reduction in postcesarean infection with AZI does not vary based on the presence or absence of genital mycoplasmataceae placental colonization.
Multivariable Analysis of the Association between Antenatal Depressive Symptomatology and Postpartum Visit Attendance
Authors: Shim Jessica Y. , Stark Elisabeth L. , Ross Carolyn M. , Miller Emily S.
Published: November 2018

Objective We sought to evaluate whether antenatal depression was associated with postpartum visit nonattendance.

Study Design This retrospective cohort study included women who received prenatal care at the academic outpatient offices of a single tertiary care center between March 1, 2009, and December 31, 2014. Women were screened for antenatal depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Attendance at the postpartum visit was compared between women with and without antenatal depressive symptomatology using bivariate and multivariable analyses.

Results Of the 2,870 women who met the inclusion criteria, 566 (19.7%) did not attend the postpartum visit. Women who did not attend a postpartum visit were younger and more likely to be a racial/ethnic minority, publicly insured, or multiparous; they were more likely to have a higher body mass index, as well as a vaginal delivery. Compared with those without antenatal depressive symptomatology, women with antenatal depressive symptomatology were significantly less likely to attend their postpartum visit (18.6 vs. 29.2%, p < 0.001). This association persisted even after controlling for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio: 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.48–0.99).

Conclusion Antenatal depressive symptomatology is significantly associated with nonattendance at the postpartum visit.