bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in temporal integration: insights gained from the synchronized tapping task
Authors: Tokushige Shin-ichi , Matsuda Shunichi , Tada Masayoshi , Yabe Ichiro , Takeda Atsushi , Tanaka Hiroyasu , Hatakenaka Megumi , Enomoto Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Shimizu Kazutaka , Shimizu Takahiro , Kotsuki Naoki , Inomata-Terada Satomi , Furubayashi Toshiaki , Hanajima Ritsuko , Tsuji Shoji , Ugawa Yoshikazu , Terao Yasuo
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to clarify the roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia for temporal integration. We studied 39 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), comprising SCA6, SCA31, Machado–Joseph disease (MJD, also called SCA3), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Thirteen normal subjects participated as controls. Participants were instructed to tap on a button in synchrony with isochronous tones. We analyzed the inter-tap interval (ITI), synchronizing tapping error (STE), negative asynchrony, and proportion of delayed tapping as indicators of tapping performance. The ITI coefficient of variation was increased only in MSA patients. The standard variation of STE was larger in SCA patients than in normal subjects, especially for MSA. Negative asynchrony, which is a tendency to tap the button before the tones, was prominent in SCA6 and MSA patients, with possible basal ganglia involvement. SCA31 patients exhibited normal to supranormal performance in terms of variability STE, which was surprising. In conclusion, cerebellar patients generally showed greater STE variability, except for SCA31. The pace of tapping was affected in patients with possible basal ganglia pathology. Our results suggest that interaction between the cerebellum and the basal ganglia is essential for temporal processing. The cerebellum and basal ganglia together with their interaction regulates synchronized tapping, resulting in distinct tapping patterns among different SCA subtypes.
The effect of geometric design and materials on section properties of additively manufactured lattice elements
Authors: Almalki Abduladheem , Downing David , Noronha Jordan , Dash Jason , Lozanovski Bill , Tino Rance , Alghamdi Ahmad , Khorasani Mahyar , Qian Ma , Brandt Milan , Leary Martin
Published: September 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as laser-based powder bed fusion (LB-PBF) facilitate the fabrication of complex lattice structures. However, these structures consistently display dimensional variation between the idealised and as-manufactured specimens. This research proposes a method to characterise the impact of common LB-PBF powders (aluminium and titanium alloys) and geometric design parameters (polygon order, effective diameter and inclination angle) on section properties relevant to stiffness and strength of as-manufactured strut elements will be quantified. Micro-computed tomography (µCT) will be applied to algorithmically characterise the as-manufactured variation and identify a scale threshold below which additional geometric resolution does not influence the section properties of as-manufactured parts. This methodology provides a robust and algorithmic, design for additive manufacturing (DFAM) tool to characterise the effects of manufacturing and design parameters on the functional response of AM strut elements, as is required for certification and optimisation.
F-MPSO: a hybrid metaheuristic approach based on the manifold distance for energy efficient-clustering in WSN
Authors: Aeini Faraein
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes an enhanced algorithm, called F-MPSO, for clustering to increase the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Optimization for cluster head selection is a Non-Deterministic Polynomial (NP)-hard problem. The hybrid metaheuristic approach based on manifold distance has been introduced to cluster the sensor nodes. Our proposed method will enhance life because the Firefly approach is widely used for local updates, and the PSO approach is used for global updates and makes a reliable cluster. Wireless sensor networks aim to increase the entire network's lifetime. So, we propose a manifold-based metric to prefer the paths with the intermediate sensor with high residual energy to the straight distance between an ordinary node and cluster heads with low residual energy. The Matlab-based results obtained for the proposed F_MPSO algorithm and its comparison with the previous algorithm show efficient energy consumption using F_MPSO and successfully extending the network lifetime.
Falcarindiol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through the modulation of NF-kB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in mice
Authors: Dolatpanah Mojtaba , Rashtchizadeh Nadereh , Abbasi Mehran Mesgari , Nazari Saeed , Mohammadian Jamal , Roshangar Leila , Argani Hassan , Ghorbanihaghjo Amir
Published: September 2022

Cisplatin is a therapeutic drug widely used to treat various solid tumors. Nephrotoxicity is a well-known side effect in patients treated with cisplatin. Falcarindiol (FAD), natural polyacetylene compound greatly found in Apiaceae family, has anti-cancer, -bacterial, -inflammatory and -oxidant activity which is utilized in the present study. Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups of six each; sham, cisplatin (15 mg/kg), cisplatin + FAD (50 and 100 mg/kg/day), and FAD (100 mg/kg/day). Cisplatin administration elevated the concentrations of BUN and creatinine, as well as kidney histopathologic damage. On the other hand, FAD treatment attenuated cisplatin-induced injury, and also down-regulated mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β together with protein expression of p-NF-kB p65. Moreover, FAD induced the protein expression of p-AMPK and nuclear Nrf2 accompanied by its respective target genes such as NQO-1 and HO-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the findings collectively characterize FAD as a drug candidate to treat cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity thorough down-regulation of NF-kB signaling pathway in mice
Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on exportins in lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Pan Meini , Huang Peng , Li Linmao
Published: September 2022

Background
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Exportins are closely associated with the cellular activity and disease progression in a variety of different tumors. However, the expression level, genetic variation, immune infiltration and biological function of different exportins in LUAD and LUSC and their relationship with the prognosis of LUAD and LUSC patients have not been fully clarified.
Methods
In this study, ONCOMINE, UALCAN, HPA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER and LinkedOmics databases were used to analyze the differential expression, prognostic value, genetic variation, biological function and immune cell infiltration of exportins in patients with LUAD and LUSC.
Results
The transcriptional and protein expression levels of CSE1L and XPO1 / 5 / 6 / 7 were increased in LUAD and LUSC patients, and the increased transcriptional levels of CSE1L and XPO5 / 6 / 7 were related to worse prognosis. The increased transcriptional level of XPO1 suggested a better prognosis. These results indicated that CSE1L and XPO1 / 5 / 6 / 7 may be potential prognostic biomarkers for the survival of patients with LUAD and LUSC. Besides, the high mutation rate of exportins in NSCLC was 50.48%, and the largest proportion of mutations was high mRNA expression. The expression of exportins was significantly correlated with the infiltration of various immune cells. Differentially expressed exportins could regulate the occurrence and development of LUAD and LUSC by involving a variety of miRNAs and transcription factor E2F1.
Conclusions
Our study could provide novel insights for the selection of prognostic biomarkers of exportins in LUAD and LUSC.
Risk Factors for Reduced Function in Women with a History of Breast Cancer
Authors: Stoyles Nicholas , Cheville Andrea , Zucker David , Richards Blair , Vargo Mary , Gerber Lynn , Shahpar Samman , Henderson Maryanne , Jay Gina , Smith Sean
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Breast cancer patients are at risk of losing function during and after treatment. Unfortunately, little is known about the individual and additive effects of specific treatment, disease-related, and demographic factors that may contribute to functional decline. This manuscript reports the results of a multi-center study to evaluate the effects of these factors on function.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, women with a history of breast cancer referred to cancer rehabilitation clinics were administered the PROMIS Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile to evaluate function in the domains of physical function, fatigue, and social participation. Clinical and demographic information, including treatment history and disease status, was recorded by clinicians. Patients were analyzed in two groups: those with active disease on antineoplastic treatment, and those with no evidence of disease (NED). A multivariable model was constructed to detect associations between clinical and demographic factors.
Results
In patients with NED, the presence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) was strongly associated with reduced function in all three domains. In those with active disease, having brain metastases was significantly associated with reduced function in all domains and CIPN with reduced physical function. Radiation was associated with improved function in both cohorts.
Conclusions
Among women seeking rehabilitative care, CIPN and the presence of brain metastases were most strongly associated with a decline in function. The effects of radiation on function were unexpected and may be partially explained by the treatment’s role in symptom management. Clinicians who treat breast cancer should consider a patient’s functional status when providing supportive care.
Distribution of b-value in the central and southern Ryukyu: Is the low b-value in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough accurate?
Authors: Nakamura Mamoru
Published: September 2022

Here, I investigated whether the b-value in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough, a back-arc basin, is low. The cause of the low b-value in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough had previously been interpreted as increased stress by dyke intrusion. However, the previous study ignored the spatial variations in magnitude completeness in the Okinawa Trough. In addition, for the M4-class earthquakes that occurred in the Okinawa Trough, the values of displacement magnitudes and velocity magnitudes determined by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) for the same events did not match. The previous study did not correct for these effects. Thus, I conducted these corrections and examined the spatial variation of b-values in the Okinawa Trough and the Ryukyu arc. The magnitude completeness was calculated using goodness-of-fit methods and the b-value was calculated using the maximum likelihood method. The JMA earthquake catalog from 2001 to 2019 was used for the analysis. After the corrections, the b-values around the rift-axis of the central and southern Okinawa Trough (0.90–0.92) were almost the same as those for the Ryukyu arc (0.83–0.84). Magnitude completeness in the Okinawa Trough varied spatially, and was particularly large in the earthquake swarm area in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough. The steady-state magnitude completeness was 2.0 in the earthquake swarm area in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough. However, the magnitude completeness increased to 3.5 or higher only during the several days of occurrence of the earthquake swarms. This was caused by the short-term decrease in the ability to detect earthquakes when an earthquake swarm occurred. The finding that the b-values do not differ between the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough and the Ryukyu arc indicates that stress concentration in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough is not a strong influence on the b-values. Alternatively, this might indicate that in the rift-axis of the Okinawa Trough, the distribution of low and high b-value regions was not detectable due to the insufficient accuracy of hypocenter determination.
Pregnancy in Spina Bifida Patients: A Comparative Analysis of Peripartum Procedures and Complications
Authors: Sciscent Bao Y. , Bhanja Debarati , Daggubati Lekhaj C. , Ryan Casey , Hallan David R. , Rizk Elias B.
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Spina Bifida (S.B.) is caused by a failure in neural tube closure that can present with lower extremity sensory deficits, paralysis, and hydrocephalus. Medical advances have allowed increased pregnancies among S.B. patients, but management and pregnancy-associated complications have not been thoroughly investigated. The objective is to delineate peripartum procedures and complications in patients with S.B.
Methods
A national de-identified database, TriNetX, was retrospectively queried to evaluate pregnant S.B. patients and the general population. Procedures and complications were investigated using corresponding ICD-10 and CPT codes within 1 year of pregnancy diagnosis.
Results
11,405 SB patients were identified and compared to 9,269,084 non-S.B. patients. SB patients were significantly more likely to undergo cesarean delivery (1.200; 95% CI [1.133–1.271]) and less likely to receive neuraxial analgesia (0.406; 95% CI [0.383–0.431]). Additionally, patients with SB had an increased risk of seizures (3.922; 95% CI [3.529–4.360]) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) (3.490; 95% CI [3.070–3.969]). Risks of pre-eclampsia and hemorrhage were comparable. S.B. patients with hydrocephalus and Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1) or type 2 (CM-2) were compared to patients without these comorbid conditions. This sub-group analysis showed a significantly increased risk of having cesarean deliveries (S.B. with hydrocephalus: 12.55%, S.B. with CM-1 or CM-2: 12.81% vs. S.B. without hydrocephalus or CM: 6.16%) and VTE (3.74%, 2.43% vs. 0.81%). There were also increased risks of hemorrhage and seizures and decreased use of neuraxial analgesia, but the sample size was insufficient.
Conclusion
S.B. patients were more likely to undergo cesarean section and exhibit peripartum complications compared to those without S.B.
Ultrasound-assisted green synthesis of poly(o-phenylenediamine)/zinc oxide nanohybrids for enhanced adsorption of Cu (II) from water: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Jadoun Sapana , Fuentes Juan Pablo , Urbano Bruno F. , Yáñez Jorge
Published: September 2022

Fabricating novel eco-friendly adsorbents with excellent stability, outstanding adsorption capacity, facile separation, brilliant recyclability, and extensive Cu (II) ion removal capability remains challenging. To solve the pollution of Cu (II) ions from water resources, herein, novel nanohybrids of poly(o-phenylenediamine)/zinc oxide (POPD/ZnO) were synthesized using ultrasound-assisted technique via a facile in situ polymerization method following green chemistry principles. As prepared nanohybrids were characterized using infrared spectra (FTIR), UV-Visible spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray scattering (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that ZnO nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into the POPD matrix and the stability of nanohybrids was found better than the POPD alone. Optimization of numerous parameters was done to see the performance of the adsorption process such as the effect of loading of OPD in nanohybrids, adsorbent dose, initial Cu (II) ion concentration, pH of the solution, contact time, and temperature. The nanohybrids POPD/ZnO-13/87 was found the best adsorbent according to the above analysis and used for the isotherm studies. The adsorption process was analyzed using a Non-linear equilibrium isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich), kinetics (pseudo-first and second order, along with intraparticle diffusion model) and thermodynamic models. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were found appropriate for the adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters (Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), entropy change (ΔS°), and enthalpy change (ΔH°)) were calculated showing endothermic and spontaneous t process for adsorption of Cu (II) ions. According to Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity was found 2485 mg·g-1 that was higher than that of other reported materials till date. Mechanism studies suggested that the electrostatic interaction and cation-π interaction in between nanohybrids and Cu (II) ions was the main driving force for the adsorption of Cu (II) ions. The adsorption capability was enhanced using the nanohybridization of POPD/ZnO via ultrasonication technique in comparison to POPD and ZnO alone. These nanohybrids are efficient adsorbents to remove the maximum pollution of Cu (II) ions in a sustainable way by using the green synthesized POPD/ZnO nanohybrids.
Integrating liver and brain transcriptomic analyses provides new insights into the growth regulation mechanism of Rice flower carp
Authors: Li Zhe , Du Xuesong , Huang Yin , Li Yu , Jing Tingsen , Pan Xianhui , Zhou Kangqi , Wen Luting , Qin Junqi , Chen Zhong , Luo Hui , Lin Yong , Ye Hua
Published: September 2022

As the main economic fish species in integrated rice-fish farming, the growth performance of rice flower carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Quanzhounensis) directly affects farmers’ economic benefits. In this study, whole-brain and liver tissues of rice flower carp of different sizes were used for transcriptome analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two organs and to determine genes associated with the growth of rice flower carp. In the liver tissues, 28,186 genes were generated, including 880 DEGs. In the brain tissues, 50,373 genes were generated, including 2223 DEGs. Twelve and eight genes from the liver and brain, respectively, were selected for quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The high correlation between the expression of these genes in RNA-seq and qRT-PCR provided reliable transcriptome information. The transcriptome results suggested that the slow-growth individuals were affected by the feeding regulators, neuropeptide y (NPY) and cholecystokinin (CCK), less food was uptake and needed to maintain normal life activities through lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the liver, thus, reducing the amount of energy available for growth and resulting in slow growth. This study provides new insights into the growth regulation mechanisms of rice flower carp and increases our understanding of growth regulation mechanisms in different fish species.
Intraocular pressure variation from ocular compression in low and high myopia
Authors: Xu Fang-yu , Kwok-cheung Lam Andrew
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Recent studies have monitored lamina cribrosa deformation using optical coherence tomography during ocular compression. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured only once immediately after ocular compression. This study aimed to evaluate IOP changes during and after ocular compression and compare the differences between low and high myopia.
Methods
Two groups of young, healthy adults were age-matched and underwent ocular compression. IOP was measured at baseline and monitored during a 2-min ocular compression followed by a 10-min recovery phase. Rebound tonometry was used and applied at 30-s intervals.
Results
Thirty low and 30 high myopes (60 right eyes) were included in the study. They had similar baseline IOP at 14.9mmHg. The immediate IOP rise was 10.2mmHg and 10.3mmHg from baseline in each group, respectively. Low myopes had faster IOP decay during ocular compression at -3.24mmHg/min than high myopes at -2.58mmHg/min (p = 0.0528). The IOP dropped below the baseline level after the release of the compressive force. Low myopes had IOP that returned to baseline levels faster (at 360 s) than high myopes (at 510 s).
Conclusion
Measuring IOP once immediately after ocular compression could under-estimate the effect of IOP increase on lamina cribrosa deformation. The difference in IOP dynamics from ocular compression between low and high myopia may be used to reflect aqueous humour outflow facilities.
Detection of Toxocara species larvae in four Iranian free-range broiler farms
Authors: Shokri Elham , Haniloo Ali , Zibaei Mohammad , Pezeshki Ali , Mansori Kamyar , Taira Kensuke
Published: September 2022

Background
The epidemiology of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati in food animals, associated products, and their zoonotic potential are poorly understood. A cross sectional study was designed to ascertain the prevalence of Toxocara spp. larvae from free-range broiler chickens of traditional farms using conventional techniques and molecular method. Eight-hundred tissue samples including liver, gizzard, lungs and heart were collected from 200 chickens belongs to various zones of Zanjan Province, Iran and were processed by conventional and molecular techniques.
Results
Out of 800 chicken tissues, 49 samples (6.1%) were found positive for the nematode larvae. Polymerase chain reaction for the species-specific identification of the Toxocara larvae was performed. The findings showed 10.5% of chickens were infected with Toxocara spp. so that 12 samples were positive for Toxocara canis and 9 samples for Toxocara cati.
Conclusion
Considering the significant contamination of free-range broiler chickens with Toxocara larvae, consumption of the chicken's meat and viscera, especially liver and gizzards, can play an important role in transmission of the infection to humans. Prevention and control measures focused on regular deworming of dogs and cats, enhancing public awareness of Toxocara infection are recommended.
IL8 associated with M2 macrophage infiltration as a prognostic biomarker differentiates WHO grade III and grade IV gliomas
Authors: Lin Jang-Chun , Lee Cheng-Chin , Chang Yu-Jia , Lee Ai-Wei , Huang Chien-Yu , Liu Wei-Hsiu
Published: September 2022

Malignant glioma can be divided into grade III (Gr. III) and grade IV (Gr. IV). Gr. III glioma patients have significantly better overall survival (OS) than those with Gr. IV glioma, also known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We explored differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GSE4290 and GSE109857 datasets between Gr. III and Gr. IV gliomas. Six candidate prognostic genes for GBM were determined from survival analysis of data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the results were validated via assessments of the OS of Gr. III glioma and GBM patients using data obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). Then, the expression levels of CXCL8, also named IL8, had a significant relationship with progression-free survival (PFS) in Gr. IV patients (P = 0.028), and had no effect in Gr. III glioma patients (P = 0.522). Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed the critical role of IL8 with an accuracy value of 0.899 for discriminating Gr. IV from Gr. III in TCGA and 0.644 in CGGA. Macrophage (P < 0.001) and neutrophil (P < 0.001) levels were highly related to IL8 levels, especially for M2 macrophage markers. All M2 markers increased the correlative efficiency from primary GBM to the recurrence group. IL8 in GBM has a significant effect on disease prognosis and tumor immunity. IL8-associated M2 macrophage infiltration could be a prognostic biomarker used to classify GBM and Gr. III gliomas.
Identification of groundwater potential zones using Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and GIS techniques in Srivaikundam region, Thoothukudi district, South India
Authors: S Richard Abishek. , A Antony Ravindran. , J Vinoth Kingston. , Promilton Antony Alosanai , SK Aswin , R Abinaya
Published: September 2022

In this study, an effort has been made to locate the subsurface basin for groundwater storage and to identify the suitable destination for the sustainable domestic, agricultural, and drinking needs to demarcate groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) for Srivaikundam region in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India, using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) with analytical hierarchy process (AHP). According to their respective importance for groundwater occurrence, Saaty's scale was appropriately weighted to give the thematic layers and their attributes. The selected thematic maps were then merged using the weighted linear combination method to produce the final groundwater potential zone map after the layers' assigned weights and their features had been standardized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and eigenvector approach. Based on Saaty's 9-point scale, each criterion or factor was given the proper weight, and the weights were then normalized using the analytic hierarchy approach (AHP). To create the groundwater potential prediction map for the research area, the method was incorporated into the GIS environment. They are eight thematic layers are integrated into the GIS platform using weighted index overlay analysis. Groundwater conditions have been used to define GIS analysis criteria, and each information layer has been assigned an appropriate rank and weightage. Finally, groundwater recharge zones have been selected and classified into low, medium, and high based on cumulative weighted value.
Consciousness alteration in focal epilepsy is related to loss of signal complexity and information processing
Authors: Youssef Nada El , Jegou Aude , Makhalova Julia , Naccache Lionel , Bénar Christian , Bartolomei Fabrice
Published: September 2022

Alteration of awareness is a main feature of focal epileptic seizures. In this work, we studied how the information contained in EEG signals was modified during temporal lobe seizures with altered awareness by using permutation entropy (PE) as a measure of the complexity of the signal. PE estimation was performed in thirty-six seizures of sixteen patients with temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent SEEG recordings. We tested whether altered awareness (based on the Consciousness Seizure Score) was correlated with a loss of signal complexity. We estimated global changes in PE as well as regional changes to gain insight into the mechanisms associated with awareness impairment. Our results reveal a positive correlation between the decrease of entropy and the consciousness score as well as the existence of a threshold on entropy that could discriminate seizures with no alteration of awareness from seizures with profound alteration of awareness. The loss of signal complexity was diffuse, extending bilaterally and to the associative cortices, in patients with profound alteration of awareness and limited to the temporal mesial structures in patients with no alteration of awareness. Thus PE is a promising tool to discriminate between the different subgroups of awareness alteration in TLE.
Indirect comparison of survival data based on the Shiny method: the role of control groups in the assessment of heterogeneity
Authors: messori andrea
Published: September 2022

Objective: New techniques have recently been developed to reconstruct patient-level data from Kaplan-Meier curves. Based on these “reconstructed patients”, indirect comparisons can be made to rank the effectiveness of the main treatments available. In these studies, the assessment of heterogeneity is a crucial phase. Our objective was to set up an approach to evaluate heterogeneity when reconstructed patients represent the clinical material. Results: Two data sets are analyzed: the first regards treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (3 trials, 3 treatments), while the second focuses on nonmetastatic prostate cancer (3 trials, 3 treatments and placebo). Heterogeneity has been quantified according to the likelihood ratio test. In the first case, a significant degree of heterogeneity is found (likelihood ratio test, 12.94; df, 1; p=0.0003); consequently, the results of indirect comparisons risk being misleading and therefore require a quite complex interpretation. By contrast, in the second case, the lack of heterogeneity (likelihood ratio test, 1.17; df 2, p=0.60) suggests that the results of indirect comparisons are reliable. Further research is needed to define the most appropriate cut-off in the likelihood ratio test to identify cases where heterogeneity has a relevant impact.
Numerical simulation and experimental validation of thrombolytic therapy for normal patient and venous isomer
Authors: Lin Boyuan , Zhang Xianglei , Xu Jiangping , Ni Haoqi , Lv Xinhuang
Published: September 2022

Thrombus is an extremely dangerous factor in the human body that can block the blood vessel. Once thrombus happens in venous of lower limbs, local blood flow is impeded. This leads to varicosity and even pulmonary embolism. In recent years, venous thromboembolism has frequently occurred in a variety of people, and there is no effective treatment for patients with different venous structures. For the patients with venous isomer with venous valve insufficiency, we establish a coupled computational model to simulate the process of thrombolysis with multi-dose treatment schemes by considering the blood as non-Newtonian fluid. And build corresponding in vitro experimental platform for verifying the performance of the developed mathematical model. Then, the effects of different fluid models, valve structures and drug doses on thrombolysis are comprehensively studied through numerical and experimental observations. Comparing with the experimental results, the relative error of blood boosting index (BBI) obtained from non-Newtonian fluid model is 11% times smaller than Newtonian fluid. In addition, the BBI from venous isomer is 13 times stronger than normal patient while the valve displacement is 5 times smaller. As consequence, low eddy current and strong molecular diffusion near the thrombus in case of isomer promote thrombolysis rate up to 18%. Furthermore, the 80 uM dosage of thrombolytic drugs gets the maximum thrombus dissolution rate 18% while the scheme of 50 uM doses obtains a thrombolysis rate of 14% in case of venous isomer. Under the two administration schemes for isomer patients, the rates from experiments are around 19.1% and 14.9%, respectively. It suggests that the proposed computational model and the designed experiment platform can potentially help different patients with venous thromboembolism to carry out clinical medication prediction.
New Basement Structural Division Map from Analyzing Magnetic Data of Iraq Southern Desert Using Phase Preserving Dynamic Range Compression Technique
Authors: Al-Bahadily Hayder Adnan , Al-Rahim Ali Maki
Published: September 2022

The Iraq Southern Desert (SD) lies in southwest Iraq and tectonically occupies a position on the stable part of the Arabian Platform. The area is characterized by a considerable thickness of Phanerozoic sedimentary sequences, generally non-magnetic, that overlie a Precambrian and reworked Proterozoic basement. The magnetic field, therefore, generally represents the responses of basement rocks. Several qualitative approaches are used for data enhancement of the potential field (gravity and magnetic) allowing for better qualitative interpretation. The present work aims to analyze the magnetic and gravity datasets of the SD and interpret them in terms of structures in the postulated basement and the sedimentary cover. In the present study, the Phase Preserving Dynamic Range Compression technique, which produces a set of dynamic range compressed images at different scales, is utilized to analyze gravity and magnetic datasets of the (SD). A free-download MATLAB code designed for this purpose is used to perform the required analyses. Large scale (long wavelengths) magnetic image, usually reflects deep sources, offers a possibility of structural interpretation of the Proterozoic basement into three blocks and sub-blocks; northwestern block, central block, and southeastern block. The blocks are separated by basement structural lows or grabens that are inferred from depth to basement maps. A small-scale wavelength image usually reflects magnetic sources at shallow basement depth, and displays different magnetic features mostly make up NE-SW lineaments. Analysis of gravity data at large- and small scales show gravity lows and lineament structures within the basement and the sedimentary cover, respectively.
Peripheral oxytocin levels are linked to hypothalamic gray matter volume in autistic adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Haaf Raoul , Brandi Marie-Luise , Albantakis Laura , Lahnakoski Juha M. , Henco Lara , Schilbach Leonhard
Published: September 2022

Background
Oxytocin (OXT) is known to modulate social behavior and cognition and has, thus, been expected to be a potential therapeutic agent for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the underlying neurobiology is far from clear. For instance, relatively little is known about the association between OXT levels and brain structural differences in autistic people. An accumulating body of evidence indicates the hypothalamus to be of particular importance in this regard.
Methods
Here we used region of interest (ROI)- based voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach to investigate hypothalamic gray matter volume (GMV) in autistic and non-autistic adults. T1-weighted MRI images were obtained from autistic adults without intellectual impairment (n = 29, age 36.03 ± 11.0) and matched non-autistic controls (n = 27, age 30.96 ± 11.2). Peripheral plasma OXT levels and the autism quotient for autistic traits were used for correlation analyses.
Results
GMV of the hypothalamus did not differ between groups. However, the groups showed significant differences in the link between hypothalamic GMV with peripheral OXT levels, such that a positive correlation was found for the ASD group. In addition, hypothalamic GMV showed a positive correlation with autistic traits in the ASD group, while no such correlation was observed in the comparison group.
Limitations
: The relatively small sample size and the wide age range of the participants warrant caution when interpreting the results. Results could be confounded by the use of various psychiatric medications among our autistic participants. At the same time, this adequately represents the adult autistic population in terms of a naturalistic study design.
Conclusion
The results provide new evidence for a potentially important role of the HTH in ASD and its relationship to the OXT system, but also point towards the importance of interindividual differences.
Ground state quantum vortex proton model
Authors: Verrall Steven Charles , Atkins Micah , Kaminsky Andrew , Friederick Emily , Otto Andrew , Verrall Kelly Susan
Published: September 2022

A novel photon-based proton model is developed. A proton’s ground state is assumed to be coherent to the degree that all of its mass-energy precipitates into a single uncharged spherical structure. A quantum vortex, initiated by the strong nuclear force, but sustained in the proton's ground state by the circular Unruh effect and a spherical Rindler horizon, is proposed to confine the proton's mass-energy in its ground state. A direct connection between the circular Unruh effect, the zitterbewegung effect, spin, and general relativity is proposed. Such a structure acts as an uncharged zitterbewegung fermion, and may explain neutrino mass. A ground-state proton's central zitterbewegung fermion is assumed to be surrounded by a halo of charge shells of both signs. Virtual photon standing waves are assumed to synchronize the inner shell with the central zitterbewegung fermion. The charge shells are proposed to be associated with isospin and proton g-factor. There are only two model inputs—proton mass and quantized electronic charge—and just one adjustable parameter. The adjustable parameter, reduced only by about 0.4% from an initial estimate, provides the proton’s experimentally determined magnetic moment to arbitrary precision. The resulting modeled proton charge radius agrees very well with the 2018 CODATA value. Magnetic moment and charge radius are calculated algebraically in a manner easily understood by undergraduate physics students. This proposed ground-state proton model could be falsified by future experimental proton charge radius estimates, and could be considered a low-energy approximation to a full quantum chromodynamical proton model.
Water Irradiation Devoid Pulses Enhance the Sensitivity of 1H, 1H Nuclear Overhauser Effects
Authors: Subrahmanian Manu Veliparambil , Olivieri Cristina , Veglia Gianluigi
Published: September 2022

The nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) is one of NMR spectroscopy's most important and versatile parameters. NOE is routinely utilized to determine the structures of medium-to-large size biomolecules and characterize protein-protein, protein-RNA, protein-DNA, and protein-ligand interactions in aqueous solutions. Typical [1H,1H] NOESY pulse sequences incorporate water suppression schemes to reduce the water signal that dominates 1H-detected spectra and minimize NOE intensity losses due to unwanted polarization exchange between water and labile protons. However, at high- and ultra-high magnetic fields, the excitation of the water signal during the execution of the NOESY pulse sequences may cause significant attenuation of NOE cross-peak intensities. Using an evolutionary algorithm coupled with artificial intelligence, we recently designed high-fidelity pulses [Water irrAdiation DEvoid (WADE) pulses] that elude water excitation and irradiate broader bandwidths relative to commonly used pulses. Here, we demonstrate that WADE pulses, implemented into the 2D [1H,1H] NOESY experiments, increase the intensity of the NOE cross-peaks for labile and, to a lesser extent, non-exchangeable protons. We applied the new 2D [1H,1H] WADE-NOESY pulse sequence to two well-folded, medium-size proteins, i.e., the K48C mutant of ubiquitin and the Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP). We observed a net increase of the NOE intensities varying from 30 to 170% compared to the commonly used NOESY experiments. The new WADE pulses can be easily engineered into 2D and 3D homo- and hetero-nuclear NOESY pulse sequences to boost their sensitivity.
Thermodynamic properties of asymmetric semiconductor quantum wire under the magnetic field
Authors: Donfack B. , Fotuea A. J.
Published: September 2022

In the present paper, we investigate the effect of polaron on the thermodynamic properties of an asymmetric semiconductor quantum wire under magnetic field. We used the Grand canonical ensemble approach to determine the thermodynamic properties such as: entropy, heat capacity and free energy and some magnetic properties as magnetization and magnetic susceptibility. We have shown that the effect of confinement potential and the application of an external magnetic field increase the energy in the asymmetric quantum wire, for the lowest values of the magnetic field, entropy and heat capacity increase with temperature after their saturation for the same value of the magnetic field they become independent of temperature. It was also found at high values of the temperature the magnetic susceptibility becomes independent of the magnetic field. It has been found that for a magnetic field almost equal to 1 or 1.2 T the entropy as well as the heat capacity reaches their saturation then become independent of the temperature. The diamagnetic aspect of our system allows to extend its scope both in electronics (manufacturing of transistors, energy storage structures, etc.), in industry (the realization of magnetic levitation trains) in medicine (magnetic resonance imaging MRI).
Stereoelectroencephalographic Language and Memory Mapping Complements Traditional Methodologies Used to Evaluate Epilepsy Surgery Candidacy
Authors: Bearden Donald J. , Ehrenberg Andrew , Selawski Robyn , Ono Kim E. , Drane Daniel L. , Pedersen Nigel P. , Cernokova Ivana , Marcus David J. , Luongo-Zink Christopher , Chern Joshua J. , Oliver Corinne , Ganote Jennifer , Al-Ramadhani Ruba , Bhalla Sonam , Gedela Satyanarayana , Zhang Guojun , Kheder Ammar
Published: September 2022

Intracranial electroencephalography is frequently used to study patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and offers a unique opportunity to study human cognition. Its utility can be extended to better understand functional neuroanatomical profiles of patients and guide a tailored, minimally invasive surgical approach. We present prospective data on a 20-year-old patient with drug-resistant left temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) as a part of epilepsy surgical workup. Given obscurity regarding hemispheric dominance of language and memory, the patient’s workup included functional MRI, Wada procedure, and electrocortical stimulation and mapping of high frequency activity and phase amplitude coupling using SEEG to characterize his anatomofunctional profile. We describe the complementary use of these methods to inform surgical decision-making and functional prognostication. Data from mapping of high frequency activity and phase amplitude coupling, as a relatively new technique, is correlated with results from other procedures to advocate for increasing their utility in surgical planning.
N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) IGF2BP1 regulates high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cells apoptosis via targeting HMGB1
Authors: Liang Anru , Liu Jianyu , Wei Yanlin , Liao Yuan , Wu Xiaofang , Ruan Jiang , Li Junjun
Published: September 2022

In diabetes mellitus pathophysiology, high glucose (HG)-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with the progress of diabetes vascular complications. Besides, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been reported to participate in the vascular biological characteristic. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of high glucose (HG)-related m6A regulation on vascular endothelial cells are still not entirely clear. The proliferation and apoptosis was detected using EdU assay and flow cytometry. The m6A modified level was identified by m6A quantification analysis and MeRIP-PCR. The molecular interaction within IGF2BP1 and HMGB1 was determined by RIP-PCR. Results indicated that m6A reader insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) up-regulated in HG-administrated Human umbilical vascular endothelium cells (HUVECs) as compared to normal glucose group. Functionally, results indicated that IGF2BP1 knockdown recovered the proliferation of HUVECs inhibited by HG-administration. Besides, IGF2BP1 knockdown reduced the apoptosis triggered by HG-administration. Mechanistically, IGF2BP1 interacts with HMGB1 mRNA and stabilized its expression of m6A-modified RNA. Therefore, these findings provide compelling evidence demonstrating that m6A reader IGF2BP1 contributes to the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in hyperglycaemia, serving as a target for the development of diabetic angiopathy therapeutics.
Clinical application of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy ---A single center, large sample, real-world study
Authors: Tang Chun-li , Zhu Zheng , Zhong Chang-hao , Zhou Zi-qing , Zhou Hui-qi , Geng Rong-mei , Chen Xiao-bo , Chen Yu , Li Shi-yue
Published: September 2022

Background
Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy (EBUS-TBNA) has been used for more than 10 years in China. Its clinical application and diagnostic value in different diseases with large sample was lack of report.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed about the application and diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA in different disease of patients in Respiratory Intervention Center of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health from January 2012 to July 2020.
Results
A total 5758 patients were included with 182 patients excluded for lack of information. Finally, data of 5576 patients (3798 males and 1778 females) were analyzed. For anesthetize, most patients were undergoing general anesthesia of intravenous with spontaneous breathing (69.4%), followed by general anesthesia of intravenous and inhalation with tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (17.9%) and conscious sedation and analgesia (12.8%). Lymph nodes were the main sites of biopsy obtained (76.4%). Tumors accounted for the highest proportion of disease (66.4%), followed by infection diseases (9.9%), sarcoidosis (3.9%), lymphoma (1.1%), and others (18.7%). The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA for diagnosis of tumor was 89.7% and 40.8% for infection diseases. There were significant differences in the puncture site and proportions of diseases between male and females (both p < 0.05). Higher diagnostic value was found in male patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
EBUS-TBNA has good diagnostic value for different mediastinal and central pulmonary space-occupying lesions diseases, with highest sensitivity for tumors. Higher diagnostic value was found in male patients.
Underrepresented controls of aridity in climate sensitivity of carbon cycle models
Authors: Koirala Sujan , Jones Chris , Ahrens Bernhard , Fan Naixin , Brovkin Victor , Delire Christine , Fan Yuanchao , Gayler Veronika , Joetzjer Emilie , Lee Hanna , Materia Stefano , Nabel Julia , Peano Daniele , Peylin Pilippe , Wårlind David , Wiltshire Andrew , Zaehle Sönke , Reichstein Markus , Carvalhais Nuno
Published: September 2022

Terrestrial ecosystems respond to changes in environmental conditions, mainly via key climatic controls of precipitation and temperature on vegetation activities and decomposition processes (Taylor et al., 2017). Yet, the relationship between climate and the overall spatiotemporal dynamics and uncertainties of the global carbon cycle, i.e., gross primary productivity (GPP), effective ecosystem carbon turnover times (τ), and consequently the total ecosystem carbon stock (Ctotal), are unclear (Anav et al., 2013; Friedlingstein et al., 2014; Friend et al., 2014; Jones et al., 2013). Using a global observation-based synthesis, we first show that the apparent partial spatial climate sensitivities of GPP and τ are associated with relative availability of precipitation and temperature, and are therefore modulated by aridity. The apparent sensitivity of GPP to temperature increases from arid to humid climatic regions. In contrast, its sensitivity to precipitation is invariant throughout different climatic regions. Simultaneously, the τ-precipitation response is strongly non-linear resulting in ~2 times longer τ in arid regions compared to humid regions for a given temperature. Compared with these observed patterns, the offline carbon cycle simulations of seven European Earth System Models (ESMs), that participated in CMIP6, perform relatively better for climate sensitivities of GPP than those of τ. This leads to a large spread and bias in Ctotal in both warm and cold semi-arid and arid regions where only a few models capture the observed τ-precipitation relationship. The emergence of the hydrological controls, modulated by aridity, on global carbon cycle implies that the changes in precipitation may moderate the temperature-driven climate feedback of the global carbon cycle under climate change.