bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Convergence Liberalism Risk Anarchy?
Authors: Schultz-Bergin Marcus
Published: July 2021

Public reason liberals argue that coercive social arrangements must be publicly justified in order to be legitimate. According to one model of public reason liberalism, known as convergence liberalism, this means that every moderately idealized member of the public must have sufficient reason, of her own, to accept the arrangement. A corollary of this Principle of Public Justification is that a coercive social arrangement fails to be legitimate so long as even one member of the public fails to have sufficient reason to endorse the arrangement. This high bar for justification has led many critics, most notably David Enoch, to argue that convergence models are incapable of vindicating liberalism. They argue that in a sufficiently diverse society, there will always be someone for whom an arrangement is not justified, and therefore convergence liberalism leads to anarchy – the view that no law or coercive social arrangement is legitimate. Other critics accept that convergence liberalism could vindicate core liberal institutions but nothing more, and thus argue that the view makes libertarians effective “dictators”. In either case, critics hold that this objection is sufficient to reject convergence liberalism, either in favor of alternative public reason views or as a means of rejecting all public reason views.

In this paper I argue that convergence liberalism can overcome this anarchy objection. I show that the objection largely rests on misinterpretations of convergence liberalism, and thus clarify aspects of the theory. However, I also show that internal debate over the scope of public justification – what stands in need of justification – must be resolved in favor of a wide scope, encompassing both State-based and non-State-based coercion, in order to overcome the anarchy objection. Therefore, my response to the anarchy objection has implications for how convergence liberalism should be developed going forward.
The fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Peng Qinyu , Zhang Zhentao
Published: July 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. However, it still has no available disease‐modifying therapies. Its pathology cascade begins decades before symptomatic presentation. For these reasons, highly sensitive and highly specific fluid biomarkers should be developed for the early diagnosis of AD. In this study, the well‐established and emerging fluid biomarkers of AD are summarized, and recent advances on their role in early diagnosis and progression monitoring as well as their correlations with AD pathology are highlighted. Future prospects and related research directions are also discussed.
Preoperative evaluation and surgical strategy for epileptic spasms in children
Authors: Liu Yiou , Zhou Wenjing , Lin Jiuluan , Shi Jie , Wang Haixiang
Published: July 2021

Epileptic spasm (ES) is one of the most common types of seizures in children. It is primarily characterized by brief axial contractions lasting less than 2 s and recurring in short clusters. It usually occurs in children of 3 to 12 months of age, although it can also occur after the age of 1 year. In general, children with ES develop other symptoms of epilepsy, such as tonic, tonic‐clonic, or focal seizures, after 3 to 5 years of age. ES in children is often damaging and usually results in developmental regression. First‐line treatments for spasm seizures include adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and vigabatrin. However, many patients fail to respond to these medications, and continued to have spasms associated with progressive neurodevelopmental degeneration. Therefore, it is important to consider whether children with drug resistance meet surgical indications to consider surgical treatment in such conditions. In this study, we reviewed and summarized the importance of preoperative evaluation in order to provide surgical options for treatment of children with ES.
Differences in the Anthropological Status of Young Football Players in Relation to the Chronological age within one Calendar Year
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Cubrilo Ljubica , Vukicevic Veljko ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Vignjevic Slobodan ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Njaradi Nenad ,   Football Club Deportivo Alaves, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research is to determine whether there are statistically significant differences in the anthropological status of young football players in relation to chronological age within one calendar year. The sample consisted of a total of 50 male respondents, Technical School “Mihajlo Pupin” students from the municipality of Indjija. The sample was divided into two subsamples according to chronological age (born by June 30, 2005; born July 1, 2005 and later). The students are also members of the football club in which they train. By examining the morphological characteristics, data were obtained in the following variables: body height, body mass and body mass index. Static and explosive power testing data were obtained in the following variables: standing long jump, bent arm hang and running 30 meters. It was concluded that there are no statistically significant differences between young football players of different chronological ages in anthropological status. No differences were found in the total space of tested and measured variables (MANOVA) nor in the individual space (ANOVA). The research included two anthropological spaces, morphological and motor, and none of them showed differences between young football players of different chronological ages. Out of a total of six measured and tested variables, the only variable that was on the border of the difference between the groups was running 30 meters, which may indicate that different explosive power of the lower extremities between the two tested groups, in this case, in favor of the younger group.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF UPLAND RICE; WATER AND NITROGEN UPTAKES AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY UNDER WET AND PARTIAL DRYING SOIL CONDITIONS
Authors: Kitilu Mganga Joshua Fimbo
Published: July 2021

Rice is an important cereal and staple food crop in Tanzania, the rice production has not met the demand, mainly due to water shortage. Dissemination of New Rice for Africa (NERICA) has been in progress to improve production in upland rice ecosystem. A pot experiment was conducted in a split plot design at university farm to elucidate water uptake, water use efficiency and nitrogen uptakes for two NERICA cultivars (NERICA1 and 2) and two Japanese rice cultivars ( and ). Amount of transpired water was recorded every day until maturity. Nitrogen uptake at booting and maturity growth stage were compared between these cultivars. The results indicated that amount of water transpired was greater for NERICA cultivars in the period from booting to maturity, in particular, under the dry soil condition. All the cultivars showed similar slope of regression lines between amount of transpired water and dry matter production (Water use efficiency), Nitrogen concentration per unit weight was higher in NERICA rice than in Japanese rice during grain filling stage. These results indicate that NERICA’s rice cultivars have high productivity due to higher water and Nitrogen uptake during grain filling stage compared with the Japanese rice cultivars tested.
THE INDIA MUTATIONS AND B.1.617 DELTA VARIANTS: IS THERE A GLOBAL "STRATEGY" FOR MUTATIONS AND EVOLUTION OF VARIANTS OF THE SARS-COV2 GENOME?
Authors: Perez Jean Claude
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we run for all INDIA mutations and variants a biomathematical numerical method for analysing mRNA nucleotides sequences based on UA/CG Fibonacci numbers proportions (Perez, 2021). In this study, we limit ourselves to the analysis of whole genomes, all coming from the mutations and variants of SARS-CoV2 sequenced in India in 2020 and 2021. We then demonstrate - both on actual genomes of patients and on variants combining the most frequent mutations to the SARS-CoV2 Wuhan genomes and then to the B.1.617 variant - that the numerical Fibonacci AU / CG metastructures increase considerably in all cases analyzed in ratios of up to 8 times. We can affirm that this property contributes to a greater stability and lifespan of messenger RNAs, therefore, possibly also to a greater INFECTUOSITY of these variant genomes.
Out of a total of 108 genomes analyzed:

None ("NONE") of them contained a number of metastructures LOWER than those of the reference SARS-CoV2 Wuhan genome.
Eleven (11) among them contained the same number of metastructures as the reference genome.
97 of them contained a GREATER number of metastructures than the reference genome, ie 89.81% of cases. The average increase in the number of metastructures for the 97 cases studied is 4.35 times the number of SARS-CoV2 UA/CG 17711 Fibonacci metastructures.

Finally, we put a focus on B.1.617.2 crucial exponential growth Indian variant.
Then, we demonstrate, by analyzing the main worldwide 19 variants, both at the level of spikes and of whole genomes, how and why these UA / CG metastuctures increase overall in the variants compared to the 2 reference strains SARS-CoV2 Wuhan and D614G. Then, we discuss the possible risk of ADE for vaccinated people.
To complete this article, an ADDENDUM by Nobelprizewinner Luc Montagnier vas added at the end of this paper.
THE REALISTIC DILEMMA AND DEVELOPMENT PATH OF THE INTEGRATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS, COACHES AND SOCIAL SPORTS ORGANIZATIONS IN THE INTEGRATION OF SPORTS
Authors: Li Wan-Ting , Lin Li-Wei
Published: July 2021

The integration of physical education conforms to the needs of powerful countries in education and sports, and conforms to the training and development of young people in the new era. Through the method of literature and interview, this paper summarizes and analyzes the practice of physical education integration in China, analyzes the difficulties existing in the integration of physical education in multi-subject intercommunication and integration, and puts forward the further improvement path. present, the existing problems mainly include: people's insufficient understanding of the concept of physical education integration; The post system is not clear in the intercommunication of various subjects of physical education and financial system; The teaching or training objectives of each subject are not clear; There are many sports items, the primary and secondary are unclear, and the hierarchy is chaotic. The professional ability and knowledge level of each main body are not uniform; Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to deeply implement the concept of physical education to improve the cognition of physical education integration. To establish a system of cooperative governance of multiple subjects integrating physical education; Establish teaching standards at all levels, and clarify teaching objectives and requirements; Establishing a training service platform for sports and education integration with big data; To increase the pilot of physical education integration in order to speed up the implementation process of physical education integration in China, to better train the socialist builders and successors who develop morally, intellectually, physically, aesthetically, and labor comprehensively, and to develop the cause of physical education in China.
ONCE BITTEN, TWICE SHY: UPGRADING TRADITIONAL MARKETS AS A STRATEGY TO PROMOTE COMPLIANCE WITH SAFETY PROTOCOLS OF, AND BEAT, COVID-19 HANDS-DOWN
Authors: Anthony Olajuyin Oyebanji , Sunday Oluwadiya Kehinde , Busayo Olajuyin Ademola , Ayotomiwa Olajuyin Adebola , Ojo Ogunboyo Femi , Simeon Olatunya Oladele , Waheed Adegbiji Atilade , Gabriel Olajide Toye
Published: July 2021

The traditional market has specific features, the impact of which may impede compliance with the Covid-19 safety protocols and make the market an of Covid-19 pandemic. This paper described compliance with Covid-19 safety protocols and the need to upgrade the traditional market into modern markets. The purpose is to draw the attention of the stakeholders to the need to upgrade the traditional markets so as to facilitate compliance with the Covid-19 safety protocols and eliminate resurgence of the pandemic. The study was a prospective, comparative analysis of compliance with Covid-19 safety protocols in the Traditional Markets and Modern Markets (MM) in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria. The results showed that the traditional markets were majorly the open-air types with propensity for overcrowding, clustering and long business hours. The compliance scores across all the Covid-19 safety protocols and especially physical distancing were very poor in the traditional markets compared with the modern markets. There is therefore the need to upgrade the traditional markets to modern markets with a view to facilitate compliance with the Covid-19 safety protocols and suppress resurgence of the pandemic in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.
Dampak Perubahan Sistem Otomasi Slims Ke Inlislite Di Perpustakaan SMK Negeri 9 Bandung
Authors: Indah Rosiana Nurwa , Syam Rifqy Zaenai Achmad , Aulia Uul
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis research was conducted to determine the impact of changes to the Slims to Inlislite system at the SMK Negeri 9 Bandung Library. The research method that researchers use is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used by researchers for research are observation and interviews. Descriptive data analysis method, with data analysis technique in the form of data reduction. Presentation of data, drawing conclusions, and verification. . The results of research that have been researchers show that the impact of the Change in the Slims to Inlite Automation System at the SMKN 9 Bandung Library, has an impact on convenience for librarians. In Inlislite there is also a feature that provides information regarding borrowing data, such as sanctions or fines and delays in returning books which are only confirmed by scanning a barcode. So that it can overcome the queues of visitors and can also save time and effort for librarians in their work.Key words: Automation impact; Slims; integrated library system (Inlislite); School library ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari perubahan sistem Slims ke Inlislite di Perpustakaan SMK Negeri 9 Bandung. Metode penelitian yang peneliti gunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti untuk penelitian yaitu observasi dan wawancara. Metode analisis data deskriptif, dengan teknik analisis data berupa reduksi data. Penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan, dan verifikasi. . Hasil penelitian yang telah peneliti menunjukan bahwa dampak Perubahan Sistem Otomasi Slims Ke Inlislite Di Perpustakaan Smkn 9 Bandung, memberi dampak kemudahan bagi pustakawan. Di Inlislite juga terdapat fitur yang memberikan informasi  data peminjaman mengenai seperti misalnya sanksi atau denda dan keterlambatan waktu pengembalian buku yang hanya dikakukan dengan scan barcode. Sehingga dapat mengatasi antrean pemustaka dan juga dapat menghemat waktu dan tenaga pustakawan dalam pekrjaannya.Kata kunci: dampak otomasi; slims; integrated library system (inlislite); perpustakaan sekolah
ŞEHİR OTELLERİNDE ÜST DÜZEY YÖNETİCİ SEÇİMİNDE ÖNCELİKLİ GÖRÜLEN YETKİNLİKLERİN AHP YÖNTEMİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: İNAN Hüseyin Ertan , YÜNCÜ Hilmi
Published: July 2021

İşletmeler faaliyetlerini uzun dönemli sürdürmek ve yoğun rekabet ortamında öne geçmek için yeteneklerini geliştirmelidirler. İşletme yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi, mevcut insan kaynaklarının işe uygun yetkinliklere sahip olmasıyla mümkündür. Bu sebeple işletme performansının artması için doğru yöneticiyi seçmek kritik kararlardan biridir ve otel yöneticisinin sahip olduğu yetkinlikler yönetim başarısını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Farklı yönetim sınıfları çeşitli yetkinlikler gerektirmektedir ve yetkinliklerin önem seviyeleri farklı kültürlere sahip ülkelerde değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de şehir otellerinde üst düzey otel yönetici adaylarında aranan en önemli yetkinliklerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında literatür taraması sonucu 33’ü teknik yetkinlik ve 38’i genel yetkinlik olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılan 71 yetkinlik bir araya getirilmiştir. Türkiye’de önemli bir turizm çekim merkezi haline gelmiş olan Eskişehir ilinde faaliyet gösteren altı otelin yöneticileri ve beş akademisyen, belirlenen yetkinlikleri hazırlanan anket yardımıyla değerlendirmişlerdir. Değerlendirilen yetkinliklerin Lawshe tekniği uygulanarak kapsam geçerlilik oranları hesaplanmış ve gerekli görülen yetkinlikler belirlenmiştir. Uzman değerlendirmeleri sonucunda, altı yetkinlik gereksiz, 65 yetkinlik ise gerekli olarak tespit edilmiştir. Gerekli görülen yetkilikler, 10 otel yöneticisinin değerlendirmesi sonucu AHP yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılarak sıralanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda teknik yetkinliklerden müşteri ilişkileri yönetimi ve finansal yönetim en önemli yetkinlikler olarak görülürken, genel yetkinlikler kategorisi içerisinde problem çözme ve kriz yönetimi en önemli yetkinlikler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.
SİVAS VİLAYET BÜTÇELERİ (1913-1917)
Authors: UZUN Ahmet , UZUN Ayşe Meral , ÖZKÖK İlyas
Published: July 2021

Osmanlı devletinde 1913 yılında çıkarılan kanunla vilayetlere kendi bütçelerini yapma hakkı tanınmıştır. Vilayet bütçeleri kanunda belirtilen prosedürlere uygun olarak yerel yöneticiler tarafından temel ve öncelikli yerel ihtiyaçları karşılamak amacıyla hazırlanmaktaydı. Bütçeler Osmanlının son dönemlerine dair yerel düzeyde bazı sosyal ve ekonomik detayların anlaşılması açısından faydalı bilgiler içermektedir. Bu makalede beş yıllık dönem (1913-17) için arşivde bulduğumuz Sivas vilayet bütçeleri incelenmiştir. Bütçelerde eğitim, sağlık, alt yapı yatırımları ve çeşitli ekonomik hizmetler gibi halkın refahını artırmayı amaçlayan ödenek kalemleri bulunmaktaydı. Bütçeler bir bütün olarak incelendiğinde bu tarihlerde özellikle eğitim işlerine önemli miktarda kaynak ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Bunun yanında yolların bakım ve inşası, tarım ve hayvancılığın geliştirilmesi, bulaşıcı hastalıklarla mücadele başta olmak üzere sağlık hizmetlerinin iyileştirilmesi ve ayrıca yetimlerin korunması gibi önceliklerin varlığı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bütçe ödenekleri arasında, yaşanan gelişmelere bağlı olarak değişiklikler veya ödenekler arasında aktarmalar olabiliyordu. Savaşın etkilerinin daha ağır hissedilmeye başlanmasından sonra, öksüzlerin ödeneklerinin ve ayrıca enflasyon nedeniyle çalışanların ücretlerinin artırıldığı görülmektedir. Buna rağmen eğitim hizmetleri en yüksek payı almaya devam etmiştir. Eğitim ödeneğinde okul inşaatı, öğretmen maaşları ve yurtdışına öğrenci gönderme masrafları gibi değişik kalemler yer alıyordu. Genel bir değerlendirmeyle vilayet bütçeleriyle yürütülen hizmetlerin günümüz il özel idarelerinin faaliyetleriyle benzerliğe sahip olduğu da söylenebilir.
BENFORD YASASI VE MUHASEBE MANİPÜLASYONLARI: ÖRNEK BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KARA Suat , SAKARYA Şakir , ÖZCAN Pelin
Published: July 2021

Dünya’da bir çok ülkede her gün yüzlerce muhasebe hatası ya da hilesi yapılmaktadır. Bunların günümüze yansıyan en önemlileri Enron, Xerox, WorldCom ve Parmalat gibi şirketlerde yapılan muhasebe manipülasyonlarıdır. Muhasebe manipülasyonlarının önlenebilmesinin en önemli yolu denetimdir. Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte denetimde zaman tasarrufu sağlayacak dijital analiz yöntemleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Benford Yasası, bu yöntemlerden biridir. Yasa, denetçilere seçecekleri örneklem için yol gösterici niteliğe sahiptir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, bir içecek firmasının satışlar, ticari alacaklar, stoklar ve ticari borçlar hesapları Benford Yasası sayısal analiz testlerine tabi tutularak Benford Yasası’na uygun olup olmadıkları incelenmiştir. Çıkan sonuçlar Ki-Kare ile kontrol edilmiştir.
Pharmacokinetics of Single-Dose Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Injections of Buprenorphine in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Fabian Niora J , Moody David E , Averin Olga , Fang Wenfang B , Jamiel Morgan , Fox James G , Burns Monika A , Haupt Jennifer L
Published: July 2021

Although buprenorphine is the most frequently used opioid analgesic in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), there is limited information in the literature supporting current dosing regimens used for this species. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of single-dose buprenorphine HCl administered intramuscularly (IM) at 0.01 mg/kg in 6 adult marmosets (1.8 to 12.8 y old; 2 males, 4 females) and subcutaneously (SQ) at 0.01 mg/kg in 6 adult marmo- sets (2.3-4.4 y old; 3 males, 3 females) by mass spectrometry. Blood was collected at multiple time points from 0.25 to 24 h from unsedated animals following a hybrid sparse-serial sampling design. The maximal observed plasma concentration of buprenorphine (Cmax) administered IM (2.57 ± 0.95 ng/mL) was significantly higher than administered SQ (1.47 ± 0.61 ng/mL). However, the time to Cmax(Tmax) was not statistically different between routes (17.4 ± 6 min for IM and 19.8 ± 7.8 min for SQ). The time of the last quantifiable concentration of buprenorphine was 5 ± 1.67 h for IM compared with 6.33 ± 1.51 h for SQ, which was not statistically different. The mean buprenorphine plasma concentration-time curves were used to propose a dosing frequency of 4 to 6 h for buprenorphine at 0.01 mg/kg IM or SQ based on a theoretical therapeutic plasma concentration threshold of 0.1 ng/mL. Based on the mean pharmacokinetic parameters and plasma-concentration time curves, both IM and SQ routes of buprenorphine at this dose provide a rapid increase in the plasma concentration of buprenorphine above the therapeutic threshold, and may be more effective for acute rather than long-lasting analgesia. Further studies are needed to examine repeated dosing regimens and the efficacy of buprenorphine in common marmosets.
Новая перспективная соль осельтамивира
Authors: Калашников Александр Иванович , Сонина Екатерина Георгиевна , Кулагина Дарья Александровна , Сысолятин Сергей Викторович , Прокопьева Елена Александровна , Шерстобоев Евгений Юрьевич
Published: July 2021

Подробно описан способ получения перспективного противовирусного средства этоксисукцината осельтамивира. Рассмотрены разные условия получения целевого вещества и приведены его полные физико-химические характеристики. Показана эффективность полученного средства против вируса гриппа A(H1N1)pdm09.
Relationship between the developmental rate and individual vitality in populations of rare plant species in the high-mountains of the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kyyak V. , Shtupun V. ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine
Published: July 2021

The article presents an overview of long-term research and numerous publications on the relationship between developmental rate and individual vitality in populations of rare and endemic plant species in the high-mountain zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians: a case study on Ranunculus thora, Primula halleri, Leontopodium alpinum, Gentiana acaulis, Doronicum clusii, Saussurea alpina, Oreochloa disticha, Pulsatilla alba, Rhododendron myrtifolium, Senecio сarpathicus, Festuca carpatica, Heracleum carpaticum, Phyteuma vagneri etc. Stationary in-situ research was conducted at the study sites founded 5–30 years ago. The greatest impact on the individual and population vitality is caused by the position changes in coenosis of the species of different life forms and strategies. Increasing of the shrub positions accelerates the decreasing of vitality of low shrubs and grasses especially, and vice versa, increasing of the coenotic position of high-growing shrubs and grasses cau­ses the vitality decrease of short-growing heliophytes, including most of the rare species. The individual vitality and population viability determines some influence on the dynamics of their seasonal development. The individual development is faster at higher vitality level. It results in the relatively earlier beginning of phenophases. In the coenoses where the value of population as ecosystem engineer is higher, the accelerated dynamics of pre-flowering phases and longer flowering period is observed. The individual vitality and relative age of vegetatively active species increase significantly under the developmental conditions without vegetative reproduction. The vitality of vegetative diaspores significantly change due to the effect of autonomous development of shoots and ramets in comparison to the original vitality of maternal individuals. The effect of inertia of individual and population vitality consists in the gradual change of their vitality under the changeable conditions of their existence. Only drastic adverse exogenous effects can cause a sudden decrease of their vitality. Processes of the transition of low vitality individuals to the high rank are the slowest ones.
The feasibility of using sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as a phytoindicator of anthropogenic load of the environment
Authors:   Zaporizhzhya National University, Prytula N.
Published: July 2021

The phytoindication properties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as a possible bioindicator of anthropogenic load of the territory are analyzed in the article by means of a technique of estimation of size of fluctuating asymmetry of a leaf plate of plants. The influence of the spatial location of sunflower crops and the influence of genotype on the deve­lopment of morphometric traits of plants were studied. The study was conducted in late July 2019–2020, when the vegetative organs of sunflower reached their maximum development. The material was selected for research at nine points (nine fields) located in the Zapo­rizhzhia region, at different distances and in different directions from the industrial zone of Zaporizhzhia (Zavodsky district). To study the influence of genotype on the morphological characteristics of sunflower, a study of eight hybrids that grew under the same conditions in the demonstration area in Vasylivka district of Zaporizhzhia region was conducted. The integrated index of fluctuating asymmetry of sunflower was in the range of 0.062–0.114, with the largest indicator of fluctuating asymmetry was observed in the area closest to the industrial zone of Zaporizhzhia – north of Zaporizhzhia. The lowest rate was observed in the area – 5 – east of Zaporizhzhia. The integrated index of fluctuating asymmetry of sunflower hybrids grown in the same soil and climatic conditions in the demonstration area ranged from 0.070 to 0.093. Based on research conducted in 2019–2020, we concluded that the species sunflo­wer (Helianthus annuus L.), despite its distribution, is not suitable for use as a bioindication plant in the study of the level of man-made load in the area. We obtained significant diffe­rences in the development of morphometric parameters of sunflower leaves (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in areas far from the industrial zone of Zaporizhzhia. Hybrids, which differed in morpho-economic characteristics, were grown in the same soil and climatic conditions and with the same agricultural techniques, on the demonstration site, also showed significant fluctuations in the integral index of fluctuating asymmetry.
ANALISIS MESIN MIXER HORIZONTAL DENGAN VARIASI PUTARAN DAN WAKTU PENGADUKAN
Authors: Wahid Abdul Rahman , Mulyaningsih Nani , Salahudin Xander
Published: July 2021

Saat ini banyak di jumpai pembuat kerupuk pangsit yang umumnya dikerjakan di rumah-rumah sebagai industri rumahan. Pada umumnya mereka masih menggunakan tenaga manusia untuk membuat adonan kerupuk pangsit, sehingga dalam membuat adonan kerupuk pangsit dibutuhkan tenaga yang besar, waktu yang cukup lama dan memerlukan biaya yang cukup mahal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat mesin pengaduk adonan kerupuk pangsit dengan variasi kecepatan putar pengaduk 64 rpm, 97 rpm, dan 195 rpm serta variasi waktu pengadukan 4 menit, 6 menit, dan 8 menit dengan motor listrik ¼ HP. Hal yang perlu dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kecepatan putar dan waktu pengadukan terhadap hasil adonan. Hasil massa rata-rata yang di peroleh berupa adonan kerupuk pangsit yang tercampur dengan waktu pengadukan 4 menit dan kecepatan putar 64 rpm menghasilkan 3542,3 gram (88,5%), dengan kecepatan putar 97 rpm menghasilkan 3308,2 gram (82,7%) dan kecepatan putar 195 rpm menghasilkan 3178,2 gram (79,5%), sedangkan dengan waktu pengadukan 6 menit dan kecepatan putar 64 rpm menghasilkan 3610,0 gram (90,2%), dengan kecepatan putar 97 rpm menghasilkan 3417,3 gram (85,4%), dan dengan kecepatan putar 195 rpm menghasilkan 3236,8 gram (80,9%), dan dengan waktu pengadukan 8 menit dan kecepatan putar 64 rpm menghasilkan 3773,9 gram (94,3%), dengan kecepatan putar 97 rpm menghasilkan 3572,0 gram (89,3%) dan dengan kecepatan putar 195 rpm menghasilkan 3316,9 gram (82,9%)
ANALISIS MESIN PENGIRIS TEMPE DENGAN VARIASI SUDUT PISAU TERHADAP KETEBALAN IRISAN
Authors: Pramono Catur , Mawarsih Endang , Kurniawan Hendi
Published: July 2021

Tempe merupakan makanan tradisional yang sudah lama dikenal di Indonesia. Industri rumahan keripik tempe masih menggunakan cara tradisional yang kurang efisien. Tujuan perancangan mesin ini adalah untuk meningkatkan produksi kripik tempe dengan variasi sudut pisau 10°, 20° dan 30°. Massa irisan tempe dikategorikan kriteria A (hasil irisan utuh 75-100%, kriteria B (hasil irisan setengah utuh 40-74%), kriteria C (hasil kurang dari setengah utuh <40%), kriteria D (tidak teriris). Mesin ini menggunakan 3 pisau yang bisa disetting sesuai tebal atau tipis irisan dan dengan variasi sudut pisau 10 °, 20 ° dan 30 °. Sudut pisau 30° lebih efektif daripada sudut pisau 10 ° dan 20 ° karena menghasilkan 258,854 gr kriteria A. Ketebalan potongan 2 mm menggunakan sudut pisau 30° lebih baik dalam hal kriteria irisan tempe teriris utuh namun kurang baik karena irisannya terlalu tebal.
PENGARUH KUAT ARUS PADA PROSES ANODIZING TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK VELG MOBIL MERK BSA
Authors: Hermawan Hanung , Mulyaningsih Nani , Pramono Catur
Published: July 2021

Anodizing merupakan proses pelapisan logam dengan cara membentuk lapisan oksida pada permukaan yang akan dilapisi. Hal tersebut terjadi karena adanya pengkorosian dari larutan elektrolit asam sulfat (H2SO4) dengan logam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh variasi kuat arus listrik pada proses anodizing terhadap kekerasan dan ketebalan lapisan oksida pada permukaan velg mobil merk BSA. Velg mobil dipotong dengan ukuran 10 mm x 10 mm x 4 mm, dan diamplas secara bertahap menggunakan amplas seri P500, P800, P1000, P2000, dan P5000 dilanjutkan proses pretreatment, anodizing (H2O 2 liter + H2SO4 20 ml), sealing (H2O). Proses anodizing menggunakan variasi kuat arus listrik 0.5 Ampere, 0.7 Ampere, dan 0.9 Ampere, tegangan arus listrik 1.6 Volt, waktu pencelupan 7 menit. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji komposisi kimia, uji kekerasan dan ketebalan lapisan oksida. Hasil pengujian menunjukan kekerasan setelah proses anodizing pada kuat arus listrik 0.5 Ampere sebesar 128,19 VHN, untuk kuat arus listrik 0.7 Ampere sebesar 135,82 VHN, dan kuat arus listrik 0.9 Ampere sebesar 149.89 VHN secara berurutan. Ketebalan lapisan oksida yang terbentuk pada kuat arus listrik 0.5 Ampere sebesar 14 µm, untuk kuat arus listrik 0.7 Ampere sebesar 17.2 µm, dan kuat arus listrik 0.9 Ampere sebesar 48.1 µm secara berurutan.
KAJIAN POTENSI PEMANFAATAN BIOGAS SEBAGAI SALAH SATU SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI WILAYAH MAGELANG
Authors: Dewi Rany Puspita
Published: July 2021

The increasing consumption of fossil-based energy especially LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) that is not balanced with the availability of energy source, required a development of alternative energy with abundant amount and environmentally friendly. One of alternative energy source feasible to develop is the one from biomass waste that is livestock manure. Magelang becomes one of potential area in Central Jawa as biogas development. Biogas is produced by using digester anaerobically. Magelang has livestock about 142.127 with potency of gas production about 86.690 m3. The resulted biogas production equals to 43.345 kg of LPG or 14.448 of LPG 3 kg which is can fullfill the cooking needs for about 278 households in one year.
PENINGKATAN SIFAT MEKANIS BESI COR KELABU MELALUI PROSES TEMPERING
Authors: HD A. Noor Setyo , Widodo Sri
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the Hardness and Toughness of cast iron after undergoing a Tempering process with independent variables heating time and dependent Hardness, microstructure and toughness Impack. Quenching was carried out at temperatures of 7750C, 8000C and 8250C in cold water media, while Tempering was carried out at temperatures of 2000C, 3000C and 4000C with a holding time of 15 minutes. Vickers Hardness test results using "Micro Hardness Tester" after Quenching have increased by an average of 95.6% at Quenching 7750C, 99.8% at Quenching 8000C and 107.1% at Quenching temperature 8250C from Hardness value of row material of 256.6 BHN or 260.8 VHN0,040. The maximum hardness value is obtained 531.4 BHN or 553.6 VHN 0,040 at Quenching temperature 8250C and the lowest Hardness of 501.8 BHN or 541,8 VHN0,040 at Quenching 7750C temperature, has Cementite phase as a matrix with little Martensite, is due to treatment The partial tempering of Martensite is replaced by the ferrite phase between Cementites. The results of the study concluded that at Tempering temperatures of 2000C, 3000C and 4000C, the toughness of FC 30 experienced an increase of 106.5%, 121.9% and 130.5% from the initial energy of 5.21 Joule / mm2, whereas violence decreased by 88, 6%, 80.8% and 40.4% of the original Hardness of 260.8 VHN 0,040
PEMANFAATAN TEH SEBAGAI BIOINHIBITOR KOROSI PEGAS DAUN
Authors: Mulyaningsih Nani , Mujiarto Sigit , Ubaydilah Gyani
Published: July 2021

Leaf springs, especially in cars, are one of the metal components that must get attention because their location under the vehicle causes susceptibility to corrosion due to environmental conditions. Corrosion is an absolute phenomenon that occurs in metals, but corrosion can be controlled by speed with certain techniques. One of them is the use of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors (bioinhibitors). Tea is known to have high antioxidant compounds, but its use is only limited as a drink ingredient. Starting from these problems, a study was conducted on the use of tea as a bioinhibitor in leaf pegs. This study use variations in inhibitor concentration (15%, 20%, 25%). To determine the corrosion rate a corrosion test was carried out. The test results showed that tea proved to be able to reduce the highest corrosion rate at concentration 25% in the amount of .37%. Corrosion rate before being given an inhibitor of 3.8195 mm / y and after being given inibitor decreased to 3.4614 mm / y.
ANALISIS PENGARUH WAKTU PENAHANAN PADA PR OSES PACK CARBURIZING TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO BAJA KARBON RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA
Authors: Suseno Ibnu , Pramono Catur , Salahudin Xander
Published: July 2021

Dalam perkembangan teknologi yang semakin maju, kebutuhan akan logam menjadi sangat tinggi. Hal ini berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah limbah logam. Pemanfaatan limbah drum bekas oli dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan mata pisau melalui proses pack carburizing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan variasi waktu penahanan 1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam pada temperatur 900° C. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji komposisi kimia, uji kekerasan vickers, dan uji struktur mikro. Hasil pengujian komposisi kimia menunjukkan bahwa drum bekas oli termasuk baja karbon rendah dengan kandungan karbon sebesar 0,0554%. Pada hasil uji kekerasan vickes menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kekerasan pada raw material sebesar 103 VHN. Setelah dilakukan pack carburizing dengan waktu penahanan 1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam nilai rata-rata kekerasan berturut-turut sebesar 280,04 VHN, 262,20 VHN, dan 242,38 VHN. Hasil pengamatan struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa spesimen uji sebelum dilakukan pack carburizing tersusun atas struktur ferrit, dan setelah dilakukan pack carburizing terbentuk struktur pearlit dan martensit.
PENGARUH QUENCHING DAN TEMPERING BAJA SK-5 TERHADAP KETANGGUHAN PISAU MESIN PEMOTONG RUMPUT
Authors: Widodo Sri , Mulyaningsih Nani , Arizal Ahamad Subri
Published: July 2021

Kerusakan pada pisau mesin pemotong rumput yang kurang tangguh biasannya terjadi patahan kecil pada mata pisau, pisau mudah tumpul dan benar-benar patah yang disebabkan karena benturan-benturan keras yang terjadi secara tiba-tiba. Kondisi di atas menuntut adanya penelitian baru sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai ketangguhan impact pada pisau pemotong rumput menggunakan perlakuan panas (heat treatment). Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan pemanasan austenit dengan penahanan 45 menit kemudian di quenching dengan media air dan selanjutnya di tempering dengan variasi suhu 200°C, 300°C, dan 400°C dengan waktu penahanan 2 jam. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji ketangguhan metode impact charpy. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa spesimen yang paling tangguh terjadi pada variasi suhu 400°C sebesar 0,52 J/mm2.
ANALISA PENGARUH RASIO SERAT DAN CANGKANG DENGAN UDARA BERLEBIH TERHADAP EMISI PROSES PEMBAKARAN PADA BOILER PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Sylvia Novi , Husni Husni , Muslim Abrar , Yunardi Yunardi
Published: July 2021

Pertumbuhan industri sawit yang tinggi dalam dua decade terakhir menempatkan Indonesia sebagai produsen minyak sawit terbesar dunia. Industri sawit selain menghasilkan minyak nabati, juga menghasilkan limbah padat antara lain serat dan cangkang. Sebagian dari limbah padat ini dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber bahan bakar di boiler untuk menghasilkan uap yang dimanfaatkan untuk pemrosesan dan menghasilkan energi listrik. Paper ini melaporkan hasil kajian simulasi pengaruh rasio serat dan cangkang pada berbagai kondisi udara berlebih terhadap emisi gas hasil pembakaran yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menjadi penting mengingat pabrik minyak kelapa sawit ditengarai sebagai salah satu penghasil gas rumah kaca (GRK) dan pemerintah melalui Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 12 tahun 2010 bertekad mengurangi emisi GRK. Perangkat lunak ASPEN Plus (Versi 8.8) digunakan untuk memvariasikan rasio serat : cangkang berkisar 100:0; 30:70; 70:30; 50:50 dan 0:100 dengan udara berlebih 90, %, 120% dan 150% di atas kebutuhan stoikiometri. Bahan bakar dialirkan dengan laju tunak ke dalam proses sebesar 2700 kg/jam. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa kualitas emisi terbaik dihasilkan ketika rasio serat dan cangkang = 0 : 100 dengan udara berlebih sebesar 90%. Pada kondisi seperti ini, gas CO2 yang dihasilkan sebesar 719 kg/jam, NO 0,032 kg/jam dan laju abu sebesar 94 kg/jam. Heating value tertinggi juga diperoleh pada rasio serat dan cangkang = 0 : 100. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran serat di dalam bahan bakar memberikan kontribusi negatif terhadap emisi. Kajian lebih mendalam masih diperlukan untuk meminimalisir limbah padat serat ini untuk digunakan sebagai sumber bahan bakar.
The influence of feed additives used to correct metabolic processes in the rumen cows to biochemical indicators of blood from after calving
Authors: Khomenko R. , Semenov B. , Kuznetsova T.
Published: July 2021

Purpose: estimation of the possibility of using a mixture of feed additive "BioGrom SC" and the food antibiotic "Monenzin" for normalizing metabolic processes in highly productive cows in the transit period.

Materials and methods. Studies were conducted because of the tribal plant of the Leningrad region. Two groups of animals were selected on the principle of analogs (experimental and control) 20 goals in each. The experimental group of cows 21 days before the calving and for 14 days after the calves were given a mixture of feed additive "BioGrom SC" and the food antibiotic "Monenzin". For the cottage additives, calcium carbonate (chalk) was used as a filler in the amount of 250 g with the addition of 10-15 g. Supplements "BioGrom SC" by 1 head. The mixture was prepared at the rate of 20 goals and a food antibiotic "Monenzin" was added to it at the rate of 100 mg per 1 kg of a mixture of feed additive with filler. The resulting mixture was fed by animals of the experimental group. All animal experimental and control groups take blood for 21 days before the hotel. The total protein, beta hydroxy acid, acetoacetic acid, alkaline blood reserve, calcium-phosphoric ratio, glucose is determined. At the end of the transit period on the 21st day of lactation, the blood of animal control and experimental groups was repeatedly investigated.

Results. In the cows of the experimental group, in comparison with the cows of the control group at the end of the transit period, a decrease in such biochemical indicators was observed as beta hydroxy acid (a decrease to 0.84 ± 0.03 mmol / l), acetoacetic acid (decrease to 0.4 ± 0, 04 mmol / l). The animals of the experimental group decreased the content of the general protein (77.0 ± 0.08 g / l). Also, the data of the backup alkalinity of blood (acidose indicator) are within reference values. Calcium phosphorus ratio was also within the normal range.

Conclusion. Introduction to the diet of a mixture of feed additive "BioGrom SC" and food antibiotic "Monenzin" normalize some biochemical blood indicators in cows in the transit period. At the same time, without correction of metabolic processes, cows are observed ketosis and acidosis, which can lead to premature disposal of animals from herd and as a result of economic losses. Thus, the use of the mixture is shown for the prevention and treatment of acidosis of the scar, metabolic acidosis, ketosis in cattle of the dairy direction of productivity.
Evaluation Yorkshire and Landrace breeds of pigs according to PRKAG3, MC4R and MYOD1 marker genes
Authors: Balnikov A. , Gridyushko I. , Kazutova Yu. , Mikhailova M. , Romanishko E.
Published: July 2021

Purpose: evaluation of pigs Yorkshire rocks and Landraz onPRKAG3, MC4RandMyOD1markers.

Materials and methods. The paper presents the analysis of the results of genetic testing, and determines the frequency of alleles and genotypes of Yorkshire and Landrace breeds at the State Enterprise ZhodinoAgroPlemElita" of the Minsk region of the Republic of Belarus by the genes-markers of productive traits:PRKAG3, MC4RandMYOD1. Zootechnical and molecular genetic methods were used in the research (PCR/PDRF). Snapshot analysis was developed for the genotyping of pigs to detect polymorphic markers of meat-feeding productivity of pigs on the GenasPRKAG3, MyOD1, MC4R. At the first stage, there was an assessment of tribal young (173 heads) on its own productivity in terms of indicators: the age of achieving the living mass of 100 kg, the average daily increase (d) from birth to the live weight of 100 kg, the length of the body (cm), the lifetime meat quality of the thickness of the scrape (mm), height of the longest back muscles (mm), the content of meat in the body (%). At the second stage of the research, the controlling fastenings of 200 goals of pigs and evaluation of feedst and meat qualities in the following indicators were carried out: the age of achieving a living mass of 100 kg (days), the average daily increase (d), feed consumption per 1 kg of growth (to. Units). Also determined: the length of the carcass (cm), the slaughter output (%), the thickness of the spick over 6-7 breast vertebrae (mm), the area of "muscular eye" (cm2), the mass of the rear third of the half carcass (kg), the flow of meat in the carcus (%). Then, genetic studies were compared with productivity indicators.

Results. As a result of the research, it was found that in the tested animals, the frequency of the preferred allele I-PRKAG3made 0.171-0.288, A-MC4R– 0.243-0.315, and C-MYOD1– 0.064-0.477, respectively. The developed comprehensive system for assessing the breeding value of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs based on the marker genesPRKAG3, MC4R, andMYOD1allowed us to identify the preferred alleles and determine correlation with productivity traits that provided increase in the average population values: for self-productivity - by 2-4%, for fattening traits - by 2.7-12.5%, for meat traits - by 2.8-34.4 %.

Conclusion. The use of integrated system in pig breeding will speed up the selection work to increase the indicators of fattening and meat productivity of the created breeding herds of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs.
Educational and professional environment as a factor of formation of professional identity of future healthcare professionals
Authors:   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kasyanova O. M. , Razumna A. H. ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Karunik K. D. ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Stryzhenko T. O. ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Published: July 2021

Habilitation of modern specialists of the health service sphere in a higher educational institution envisages the purposeful formation of their standard professional identity that will provide their future professional sustainability. This shaping of professional identity in the higher educational institution as a task for educational and professional process needs to reproduce compliant pedagogical conditions, e.g., creation and organization of functioning of the educational-&-professional community as a site for professional and communicative self-affirmation and for professional self-determination of a future specialist. Creating and functioning of the educational-&-professional community in modern university actualizes in two forms — real (full-time) and virtual (remote). A pedagogical management which helps to form the professional identity in the conditions of the educational-&-professional community envisages organization of its functioning, solving educationally and professionally prompted tasks by the students, referring the pedagogical request to the specialists who will join this community and will provide fulfillment of the identity processes via students’ vocational self-presentation and reflective self-analysis, via experts’ assessment, facilitation and analysis of adequacy for the students’ vocational choice — these will serve as the basis of further perfection of educational and professional development of a higher educational institution. Approving the teaching doctors’ pedagogical willingness to create the educational-&-professional community may be achieved within the cyclic retraining which has confirmed its efficiency.