bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Economies of Oceania
Authors: Hooke Angus , Alati Lauren A.
Published: August 2020

This chapter provides an overview of the economic performance and current situation of the economies in the Oceanic region. Oceania comprises the economically developed countries of Australia and New Zealand plus the more than 20 island countries and protectorates of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. In 2018, Australia dominated the region in terms of population (71% of the total for Oceania) and gross domestic product (86%). Melanesia, which includes Papua New Guinea, Fiji, and New Caledonia, contained 26% of the region's population and generated 4% of its gross regional product. According to the authors' forecasting model, Oceania's share of both world population and gross world product will rise strongly during the coming three decades, admittedly from a low base. Reflecting the high degree of complementarity of the Oceanic economies with those of Asia, this strong growth in the Oceanic region should support increasingly attractive opportunities for trade and investment with the economies of Asia.
Medical Tourism
Authors: Subramanian Jeayaram , Vachharajani Hardik
Published: August 2020

Medical tourism, perhaps a late 20th century phenomenon, is said to be making a huge impact across the world in many countries, especially in developing world. According to the Medical Tourism Association in the United States, the term “medical tourism” is where people who live in one country travel to another country to receive medical, dental, and surgical care while at the same time receiving equal to or greater care that they could have received at their own country. Many people across the globe are taking to the wheels to various destinations for their medical needs owing to critical reasons like affordability, better access to care at a higher level of quality, etc. Medical tourism is a fast-growing Indo-Pacific region too. The chapter starts with a literature review of the industry followed by identifying the global hubs of medical tourism especially in the Indo-pacific region. It concludes with looking at potentials and challenges of medical tourism industry between India and Australia.
The Coaching Dance Applied
Authors: Percy William , Dow Kevin E.
Published: August 2020

Through the application of a culturally sensitive coaching model, in a Sino-foreign education partnership, this chapter explores a non-directive coaching model and its positive impact on knowledge exchange and innovation. Whilst acknowledging the call from some quarters for the use of a directive approach to coaching, in mainland China, this chapter explores the positive relationship between the non-directive approach and socialisation of knowledge amongst teachers. The chapter also sheds light on the potential positive impact of the GROW model to support the ‘Coaching Dance' and facilitate movement towards a more non-directive approach to enhance knowledge exchange. It is also important of further research into both the GROW model and the development of a coaching approach built upon the foundation of Confucian culture.
Funding Disruptive Innovation Startups in Asia-Oceania
Authors: Mcnaughton Brian Jack
Published: August 2020

The opening up of new markets, foreign or domestic, and the organizational development from the craft shop to such concerns as U.S. Steel illustrate the same process of industrial mutation—if the author may use that biological term—that incessantly revolutionizes the economic structure from within, incessantly destroying the old one, incessantly creating a new one. This process of Creative Destruction is the essential fact about capitalism. This chapter addresses disruptive innovation in the 21st century and how new ventures that might produce such innovation in Oceania and Asia can obtain the funds they need to survive and prosper.
Public Debt, Cloud Computing Technology, and Leadership Crisis in the 21st Century
Authors: Amu Christian Ugwueze , Nwezeaku Nathaniel Chinedum , Akujuobi Linus Eze , Ozurunba Benedict Anayochukwu , Njie Sharon Nanyongo , Wogu Ikedinachi Ayodele Power , Misra Sanjay
Published: August 2020

Recent literature on the economies of developed and developing nations identify a rise in the records of public debts which most industrialized nations continue to acquire for the purpose of sustaining their economies. Consequently, Nigeria, in 2017, recorded alarming public debts of N19.16trn, representing 10.37% ratio of debt-to-GDP. These figures, scholars infer, explain the disturbing degree of decay inherent in major government infrastructures. Adopting the ‘debt overhanging theory', Marilyn's ex-post facto research design, and Creswell's mix-method research approaches, the authors interrogate arguments posited for or against public debt management with a view to proffering ICT and cloud technology as panacea for curbing the alarming rise in the cases of public debt crisis and the leadership crisis raging in the countries under review. A high degree of political rascality among the ruling elite and the lacking of viable ICT-oriented public debt management tools among African polities were observed. A re-orientation of the ruling class with ICT techniques was recommended.
Financial Linkages and Shock Spillovers in the Countries of Central, Eastern, and South-Eastern Europe
Authors: Jakšić Saša
Published: August 2020

At the start of the third decade of the 21st century, the countries of Central, Eastern, and South-Eastern Europe (CESEE) are still lagging behind ‘old' EU Member States in regards to various macroeconomic and social indicators. This is particularly evident when considering the development of the financial sector, especially the non-banking part. This chapter focuses on the stock markets of eleven CESEE countries and analyzes potential macroeconomic factors that contribute to explaining the dynamics of real equity prices. To account for cross-country linkages and potential spillovers, global vector autoregressive (GVAR) methodology is applied. The estimated impact elasticities enabled the pinpointing of CESEE countries with stronger linkages to foreign stock markets. Generalized impulse response functions indicated the existence of statistically significant spillovers, the strongest spillovers coming from the German stock market. The empirical results also showed spillovers from CESEE countries' stock markets, bond markets, as well as from real shocks.
Connection Between Bank Competition and Bank Performance in India in Light of the Reserve Bank of India's Complaint
Authors: Das Rituparna , Niyogi Gargi Guha
Published: August 2020

The Reserve Bank of India suspected a cartel among 15 banks in fixing interest rates on deposits of the savings bank accounts over a period from 2011-12 to 2012-13 and lodged a complaint with the Competition Commission of India. The latter could not find any motive of the banks to collude and hence ruled out the complaint. The authors collected data on the banks' activities and performances on the said periods and examined in this chapter whether the commission was right in ruling out the complaint. The results of the analyses in this work lead to the conclusion that the commission was right in ruling out the complaint, but there are certain limitations and policy prescriptions that cropped out of this work, which should be conveyed to policy makers and researchers.
Coupon Bond Duration and Convexity Analysis
Authors: Kojić Vedran , Gardijan Kedžo Margareta , Lukač Zrinka
Published: August 2020

Coupon bond duration and convexity are the primary risk measures for bonds. Given their importance, there is abundant literature covering their analysis, with calculus being used as the dominant approach. On the other hand, some authors have treated coupon bond duration and convexity without the use of differential calculus. However, none of them provided a complete analysis of bond duration and convexity properties. Therefore, this chapter fills in the gap. Since the application of calculus may be complicated or even inappropriate if the functions in question are not differentiable (as indeed is the case with the bond duration and convexity functions), in this chapter the properties of bond duration and convexity functions by using elementary algebra only are proved. This provides an easier way of approaching this problem, thus making it accessible to a wider audience not necessarily familiar with tools of mathematical analysis. Finally, the properties of these functions are illustrated by using empirical data on coupon bonds.
High-Impact Writing Support for Online Students Writing a Dissertation in Practice
Authors: Werse Nicholas R. , Lively Cece , Papadakis Lacy K. Crocker
Published: August 2020

This chapter examines the unique writing needs of professional doctoral students and the writing goals of the dissertation in practice that distinguish these students from traditional research-oriented graduate student writers. In this chapter, the authors survey emerging scholarship that establishes best practices for online writing support. Additionally, this chapter combines the insights gained from the discussion of professional doctoral students' unique needs and writing support research in order to establish applicable best practices to support online professional doctoral students in the dissertation in practice writing process. These best practices are further informed by the authors' practical experience of launching an online professional doctoral degree writing center that currently serves more than 300 online students. This chapter concludes that intentional, tailored writing support complements professional graduate degree students' course work through a structured approach to the writing process that emphasizes transferable skills and reflective value.
Scholar to Practitioner
Authors: Anastasia Christina Maria , Burrington Debra D.
Published: August 2020

Traditionally, the role of the research supervisor/dissertation chair has been to support the doctoral student with the goal of making the student a scholar through the research conducted for the dissertation. In the traditional research institution environment this research was designed to build theory. Today, while this research tradition still exists and the doctor of philosophy degree continues to be awarded, a shift has occurred in the higher education landscape such that a practice-oriented type of research is being produced in practitioner doctorate programs. Dissertations in the practitioner doctorate should be focused on research that has as its objective solving real world problems. As such, this may be a difficult change for individuals who have been mentoring doctoral students for years with the goal of building or testing theory over application of theory. Seasoned research supervisors/dissertation chairs educated in a research doctorate environment may resist this change, even as they supervise doctoral students studying in a practitioner doctorate environment.
Action Research in Practice-Based Doctoral Programs
Authors: Halupa Colleen
Published: August 2020

Action research is an accepted method that can be used effectively in practice-based doctoral programs to evaluate a multitude of questions and processes. This research method focuses on real-world problems and solutions, and is used in a variety of fields primarily in the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. This chapter provides an overview of action research, approaches and models, ethical concerns, best practices, criticisms of this research method, its use in doctoral education including dissertations and other research projects, and provides examples of action research in practice-based doctoral education in business, education, and healthcare.
Doctoral Practitioner Researcher Agency and the Practice-Based Research Agenda
Authors: Sweat Karen , Yedgarian Vahick A. , Rigler Jr. Kenneth L. , Maddox Stephanie , Throne Robin
Published: August 2020

This chapter addresses practitioner researcher agency specific to doctoral education and the post-doctorate research agenda. Perspectives come from both doctoral scholars and doctoral research supervisors of practice-based or practice-led dissertation research for current research insights and examples of dissertation researcher agency specific to U.S. practitioner doctoral programs. Scholar-practitioner agency among the doctoral learning community is defined and discussed as well as the post-doctorate practice-based research agenda.
A Systematic Literature Review for Understanding the Antecedents of the Digital Open Government Matrix
Authors: Alenizi Abdulrahman Saqer
Published: August 2020

Developed and developing nations are increasingly focused on implementing Digital Open Government (DOG) systems with the purpose of fostering community engagement, citizen participation, accountability, growth and development, better public services, and useful data. Both citizens and government have come to understand the value of DOG, and they are increasingly coordinating and collaborating with each other to improve the public services. The current study highlights the under-researched areas of DOG by offering legal, individual, economic, managerial, organizational, and group perspectives that could influence future DOG practices in either developed or developing countries. The study determines the inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as the quality audit processes associated with the research methods in order to enhance the quality and value of the findings. Finally, the study identifies a number of research gaps that may prove helpful for future studies.
Incremental Learning in a Capstone Project
Authors: McAvoy John , Dempsey Mary , Quinn Ed
Published: August 2020

Organizations are moving away from rigid planning to a more incremental style of planning and execution in projects. There is a growing acceptance of the effectiveness of incremental change, both in industry projects and in student projects, as a development method and as a learning approach. This, though, may not bring a universal benefit to all students. As enrolments in information systems degrees decrease, an increase in the number of mature students has the potential to counter this decrease in enrolments, but mature students need a different learning and teaching approach. This paper examines the impact of the adoption of an incremental, or iterative, approach in a capstone project for mature students. In the same way that there is not a single type of mature student, there also is no common set of impacts on mature students through the use of an incremental approach to learning and development.
KTRICT A KAZE Feature Extraction
Authors: Soni Badal , Borah Angana , Sowgandhi Pidugu Naga Lakshmi , Sarma Pramod , Shiferaw Ermyas Fekadu
Published: August 2020

To improve the retrieval accuracy in CBIR system means reducing this semantic gap. Reducing semantic is a necessity to build a better, trusted system, since CBIR systems are applied to a lot of fields that require utmost accuracy. Time constraint is also a very important factor since a fast CBIR system leads to a fast completion of different tasks. The aim of the paper is to build a CBIR system that provides high accuracy in lower time complexity and work towards bridging the aforementioned semantic gap. CBIR systems retrieve images that are related to query image (QI) from huge datasets. The traditional CBIR systems include two phases: feature extraction and similarity matching. Here, a technique called KTRICT, a KAZE-feature extraction, tree and random-projection indexing-based CBIR technique, is introduced which incorporates indexing after feature extraction. This reduces the retrieval time by a great extent and also saves memory. Indexing divides a search space into subspaces containing similar images together, thereby decreasing the overall retrieval time.
Paraguay – Rusia: veintidós años de renovada amistad y cooperación bilateral
Authors: Díaz Pereira Ramón
Published: August 2020

PRESENTACION EN LA UNIVERSIDAD MGIMO, REALIZADA POR EL EMBAJADOR DEL PARAGUAY, RAMON DIAZ PEREIRA, EL 30 DE SETIEMBRE DE 2014.
Audio-visual support in class of Spanish as foreign language: the use of the movies
Authors: Yakovleva V. V. , Savtchuk E. A.
Published: August 2020

The article reviews the use of audiovisual tools in the framework of foreign language classes. Such tools should, on the one hand, simplify the understanding and grasping of the subject, and, on the other, serve as an additional source of gaining extralinguistic skills. The authors consider a wide range of possibilities for the use of audiovisual tools while teaching Spanish to students of non-language higher education institutions of humanitarian profile. An educational film “Español extra” and a documentary devoted to the San Fermín holiday (Pamplona, Spain) are taken as an example.
Nostalgia for the Empire and the modern image of Spain: inspired by Carrera & Carrera jewelry house collection «Treasures of the Empire»
Authors: Koroleva A. A.
Published: August 2020

The article touches upon peculiar for the Spaniards nostalgia for the Spanish imperial past. Information society is characterized by growing influence of the symbolic capital of national culture alongside with importance of international prestige of national values. The main topic is the exploration of the “made in” effect and its influence on modern image of Spain. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the application of semiotic analysis of contemporary jewelry art visualizing the Golden Age of Spanish culture heritage, in order to express the importance of symbolic interpretation of the archetypal image in technologies of national branding.
Self-regulation of journalism in Spain
Authors: Rylova A. N.
Published: August 2020

Self-regulation of journalism resides in voluntary measures taken by the professional community of journalists to guarantee the observation of certain rules and principles in the process of providing information to public, maintain independence and credibility of media. The institution of self-regulation of Spanish journalism emerged later than in other Western countries due to the history of interaction between the State and media: for a long time Spanish media were under State control and freedom of expression was constantly defied. That is why first attempts to establish bodies for self-regulation of journalism in the post-Franco Spain evoked fears of a return to censorship. However, the time lag concerning media self- regulation allowed Spain to use other countries’ experience. Nowadays, the degree of self-regulation of journalism in Spain is similar to that of the Western countries. The institution of self-regulation operates successfully and facilitates Spanish media authority.
Migratory group of the ordinal relative words. Situation in system-structural space of a modern language (based on the Spanish and Portuguese)
Authors: Zenenko N. V. , Zenenko M. A.
Published: August 2020

The article contains a functional-semantic analysis of the ordinal relative words primero and último, which constitute a migratory group. The semantic interpretation of these tokens to determine the location of the migration group in the system-language space structurally, antonymy define the framework and the functionality of these linguistic units.
Dialectal variation in the Spanish language as a problem of mastering spoken language by Russian-speaking students
Authors: Murashkina O. V.
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the problem of phonological hearing formation in the process of teaching Spanish as a foreign language. The main difficulty of mastering Spanish phonetics is the diversity of nationalvariants and dialects of the Spanish language, as they represent the varied allophonic picture at the levelof speech.
The phenomenon of new Spanish emigration: its historical retrospect and present post-crisis reality
Authors: Ermolieva E. G. , Kudeyarova N. Yu.
Published: August 2020

The article outlines new trends in the international flows of highly-skilled human resources from Spain because of deep economic crisis started in 2008 with its dramatic social consequences. High levels of youth unemployment as a result of downturn of national labor market provoked emigration of young Spaniards. The paper aims to compare the main socio-economic characteristics of recent migration and massive movements of the 1960-1970s when thousands of domestic Spaniards went abroad, to neighboring European countries to find a job and better life conditions. That historical wave of migration had rotary cycles and was composed mainly by low educated and unskilled workers. In comparison, among recent Spanish-born emigrants predominates educated and highly-qualified youth. However the Europe is the main end of attraction, some Latin American countries are increasing their importance due to the government politics with the purpose of recruiting Spanish scientists and highly qualified professionals.
Civil society and state in Mexico: on the issue of the new forms of interaction
Authors: Vizgunova Iu. I.
Published: August 2020

The paper deals with the relations of the civil society and state in México in the XXI-st century. The author analyzes the participation of the middle class, scientists and intellectuals in the structural reforms of the state institutions and their insert of the effective path of the realization of economic and social problems in the context of the possible Mexican development trajectory.
STUDENT’S MISTAKES AS MIRROR OF STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PORTUGUESE AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES
Authors: Petrova G. .
Published: August 2020

The present work touches on several structural differences between Russian and Portuguese which cause students to make typical mistakes while translating. Causes of mistakes with use of articles are analyzed, cases of wrong words order influenced by the student’s native language are examined, particularities of personal and possessive pronouns usage in address modes and desemantization of the word a gente are investigated. The alternation of anaphoric and cataphoric usage of personal pronouns in Russian and Portuguese phrases, structural distinctions in sentence construction, verbal structure in Portuguese versus nominal structure in Russian, the possibilities of metonymic transfer usage and abstract nouns translation in plural are examined. Separate paragraphs are devoted to demonstrative pronouns usage in anaphoric function, usage of articles o (a),-s in the pronominal function, alternation of perfect/imperfect, indicative/subjunctive modes, expressionof possessive relations with the verbs быть in Russian and ter in Portuguese, and of existential and spatial relations with the verbs быть in Russian and haver/ter in Portuguese are analyzed.
BETTER QUALITY OF HUMAN CAPITAL IS AN URGENT CHALLENGE FOR IBERIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Ermolieva E. .
Published: August 2020

The surge of attention to the concept of human capital is now observed in the European countries,most affected by the protracted economic crisis started in 2008/2009 and suffered its severe consequences. These include Spain and Portugal. The range of measures that are meant to ensure the post-crisis developmentincludes programs aimed to improve the workforce quality and, above all, the human capital of the young people.
IBERO-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF THE NATIONS: CRISIS, UPDATING, PROSPECTS
Authors: Gritsenko I. .
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes the process of renewal in the Ibero-American Community of Nations (IACN) initiated by its members in 2012. The paper also examines the changes that have occurred in the context of the Ibero-American relations during the existence of IACN, and led to its stagnation and the necessity of the reforming. The article also concludes on further trends of IACN.
IBEROAMERICA AND TRANSATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Tayar V. .
Published: August 2020

The subject of research is connected with the possibility that in the near future on the economic world map there can appear a new trading bloc - Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the EU and the USA. In article are analyzed challenges and prospects from this contract for Ibero-American countries (Spain, Portugal and Latin American y Caribbean countries).
KEY PROBLEMS OF MODERN SPAIN
Authors: Orlov A. .
Published: August 2020

Adoption in 1978 of the new Constitution became a watershed between two Spains - old, dictatorial and modern, socially oriented, democratic. As a result of shown by leaders of the main political parties, labor unions and pragmatic part of the armed forces responsibility for the future of the country, the compromise solutions of a number of burning issues have been found that created necessary conditions for stable development of Spain for three next decades. Nevertheless over the years there were new problem knots which were distinctly shown during the financial and economic crisis 2008 which painfully struck across Spain, and the long-term depression which followed it. After the national elections to General Courts which took place on December 20, 2015 it became obvious that actually two-party system existing throughout the most part of the post-Franco period in Spain consigned to the past. It was succeeded by four-party system that excessively complicates process of formation of the stable government. In the practical plane there is a question of need to make changes into the existing Constitution of Spain (country federalization, fixing in the Fundamental law of the new civil and political rights and freedoms, revision of bases of an electoral system, reform of the Senate, etc.). The Catalan nationalism / separatism and corruption in the top echelons of power are distinguished from the burning issues of modern Spain. In article the conclusion is drawn that Spain faces a responsible choice today, on what way to go: or to continue the inertial movement on the route offered by the Spanish conservatives or to decide on changes, to initiate something similar to «the second transit» for what can call the left forces.
NATIONAL MENTALITY AND LANGUAGE: SPANIARDS AND SPANISH
Authors: Iovenko VALERY
Published: August 2020

The article examines a correlation between the concepts “national mentality” and “national language”: mutual influence, Spanish manifestations of ethnic and cultural stereotypes which are peculiars to the Span-ish worldvision, translation’s application.
EVITA: IMAGE BY HER DISCOURS
Authors: Romanova GALA
Published: August 2020

The aim of the article is to analyse the discourse of Eva Peron, the famouse first lady of Argentina during the presidence of Juan Domingo Peron. Her manner of appearing in public, the language of her speeches, poor and simple, but very efficient, her oratory and stylistic methods made her the image of “the best beloved and the most hated argentinian of all the times”. Evita not only created her image, but also a cult of her per-sonality, that founds adepts, till now, all over the world.
TRAINING OF LANSAD TEACHERS IN FRENCH UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Duffé Montalván AURA LUZ
Published: August 2020

This study is focusing on the Language training of the teachers in French universities, and especially on the LANSAD training (foreign languages for students studying other subjects). After a description of this training (objectives, students, methodology and pedagogy), our conclusion is that teachers have to know how to put into practice their knowledge in connection with the intercultural and psychological exchanges.
Pages of history of the Soviet-Spanish relations: start after a pause(memoirs of the diplomat
Authors: Orlov Alexander A.
Published: August 2020

In the article written in a genre of scientiﬁc and memoirs literature it is told about establishment of diplomatic relations between the USSR and Spain in February, 1977 and about some remarkable episodes in relationship of two states during the subsequent period.
Problems of modernization of education in Mexicoat the beginning of the XXI century
Authors: Vizgunova Iulia
Published: August 2020

The paper deals with the analysis of the modernization of the education in Mexico in terms of technological progress and the development of innovations: the educational reform (2013) and the negative attitude towards it of the civil society, protests and mutual searching for conﬂict resolution based on the formation of a new education model
The political changes in Argentina: Causes and Consequences
Authors: Dabagian Emil
Published: August 2020

The article highlights the factors and the circumstances which brought to power in Argentina a notable businessman M. Macri, who is also famous for his right-centrist views. The article reveals the essence of political changes which are taking place in this country.
The Contemporary Financial Architecture in Latin America
Authors: Khmelevskaya Natalia
Published: August 2020

The regional ﬁnancial architecture of Latin America is in the focus of this article, from the author’s point of view. There are intergovernmental and hybrid multilateral ﬁnancial institutions which provide ﬁnance within oﬃcial development assistance. IADB, CDB and CABEI present the ﬁrst type of ﬁnancing, while BLADEX and CAF are coﬁnancing type in discussion. Hence, their practices and credit portfolios are analyzed to emphasis speciﬁc. The Latin America Reserve Fund (FLAR) has been created to cushion liquidity in case of sudden stops in capital ﬂows and trade deﬁcit.
Genesis of the Popular Front in Spain (1934-1936)
Authors: De Hoyos Puente Jorge
Published: August 2020

This article studies the discussions and interpretations existing in Spain today about the political nature of the electoral coalition known as the Popular Front. In addition to presenting the debates, the article explains the process of formation of the Popular Front
PROBLEM OF TRADE AND INVESTMENT COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND SPAIN IN TERMS OF SANCTIONS
Authors: Avilova Agnessa
Published: August 2020

Mutual trade restrictions between Russia and the countries of the West have contributed to a sharp (about 40 %) reduction in the Russian-Spanish trade. For Spain, which has not yet overcome the structural consequences of the 2008-2009 crisis (the debt problem, high unemployment, the precariousness of the real estate market), promotion of external relations is one of the main factors of economic growth. Spain is among the top ten global investors. Its legislation stimulates the export of capital. Partial compensation of its losses in the Russian market can be the delocalization of production - the direct investment of Spanish companies. In Russia operate such leading Spanish companies as Iberdrola, Gestamp, the bank BBVA. For its part, Spain has simpliﬁed the industries.
AT THE BEGINNINGS OF THE RUSSIAN-SPANISH RELATIONS
Authors: Chernyavskiy Stanislav
Published: August 2020

Oﬃcial contacts between Spain and Russia began in 1519. 11.08.1723 Russian Emperor Peter I ordered to establish direct trade relations with Spain and send to Cadiz three Russian spacecraft with cargo. Ships loaded lard, hemp, rope, wool, linen, canvas, linen and caviar. Court arrived safely in Cadiz, and the
Century of the protest culture: Russia and Spain
Authors: Koroleva Alina
Published: August 2020

In the 20th century the success of a protest ideology was ensured by simple, conceivable and inspiring phrases-images. But in the 21th century the images such as bright visual and musical conceptions, symbols and media stories created around them took over the word power. It is the images that form our attitude towards the reality and provoke certain actions. That is connected with social and technological transformations, which during the 20th and 21th centuries were making the process of communication more accessible and faster.
Landscape and cultural identity in Spain
Authors: González Trueba Juan José
Published: August 2020

The landscape is a complex concept that results from the interplay of nature, society and culture. It`s outlined, ﬁrstly, the geographical ideas, general concepts, perception and interpretation of Spanish landscape. For the ﬁrst time, a new word is proposed for the Spanish language: “maresaje”, to make reference to the marine landscape or seascape. Therefore, this paper aims to highlight the interest of deep and valuable images about landscape and seascape coming from literature and painting for the construction of Spanish cultural identity.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM OF SPAINAT NATIONAL AND REGIONAL LEVELS:COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Baranov Andrey
Published: August 2020

The article reveals the transformation of the party system of Spain in 2014 - 2017. Similarities and differences in the crisis of the party system at the national and regional levels are revealed (on the materials of Catalonia). Attention is focused on changes in the social base of political parties and party commitment of voters, on applied strategies of inter-party competition.
Communication strategy of the Spanish Podemos party:how not to lose the support of the electorate, becoming part of the system?
Authors: Diomkina Anastasia
Published: August 2020

This study identiﬁes the features of the communication campaign of the Spanish Podemos party, which helped this party to become the third political force in the country. Taking into account the difference between the discourse of Podemos, founded in 2014, and the rhetoric of the «old parties» - the People’s Party and the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party - the conclusion is that the so-called «new language» in the Spanish political discourse played a key role in guaranteeing electoral support to this political movement. Podemos ideologists conﬁrm that in power struggle they had to resort to a special type of discourse based on the post-structuralists’ Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe discursive theory of the hegemony, as well as on the neo-Marxist Antonio Gramsci concept of the cultural hegemony.
SPAIN AND LATIN AMERICA: IMPERIAL TRADITION AND CONTEMPORANEITY
Authors: Avilova Agnessa
Published: August 2020

The Spanish version of the evolution of the Empire differed from “classic” British: here there was a prolonged rupture of economic and political ties with the mother country. But now Spain and Latin American countries are developing cooperation in several directions. Spain is one of the major foreign investors for this region.
To the question of the newest trends in political processes in Latin America: prospects and challenges
Authors: Okuneva Liudmila
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the major political problems of Latin America recently: the right drift, the conflict potential of political systems leading to the so called “divided power” (conflict between the Executive and Legislative branches of government), the function of the judicial power etc.
The “Black Spain” of Zuloaga and the “White Spain” of Sorolla in the historical context
Authors: Astakhova Elena
Published: August 2020

Two images of Spain, “España Negra” and “España blanca” are examined in the historical context, based on the works of two painters, Ignacio Zuloaga (1870–1945), and Joaquín Sorolla (1863–1923). Two different artistic ideas about the destiny of the country reflect a search for national identity: the Being of Spain, which intensified in Spain after the “disaster” of 1898. These visions are related to the reflections of the intellectuals named Generation 98. Zuloaga presents a perception of the national image in the dilemma of what to do: “Europeanize” Spain, or leave it patriarchal, preserving traditions, genuine values, the “life against reason”. La “España blanca” appears in the paintings of the impressionist Joaquin Sorolla, whose pictures are full of light, sun, hope, and joy. His works can be linked with the thesis of Ortega-and-Gasset about the opening of Spain to the world, the need to “achieve a synthesis of life and reason”, to reconcile the “two Spains”.

The dualism of impressions and ideas on Spain, both in the sense of art as well as in the historical and social sense, is the tonic in the interpretation of the way of the country and its development, which determines its image also in the present. The paintings of Zuloaga and Sorolla are read as historical texts, and reveal many signs that can be hidden in literary or philosophical works.
Linguistic Means of Expressing Humour in the Music Parodies by the Galician Project “Páramo Pictures”
Authors: Snetkova Marina
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyze the linguistic means of expressing the retranca – the subtle humour which is considered to be typical of the Galicians – in the music parodies by the project “Páramo Pictures”, whose video clips have become rather famous in the region during the last five years.

The study method we apply is based on the linguo-stylistic, cultural and semiotic analysis of the audiovisual text.

The songs, which “Páramo Pictures” choose to parody, are usually recent hits that have well-known video clips: “Despacito” by Luis Fonsi, “Súbeme la radio” by Enrique Iglesias, “Wrecking Ball” by Miley Syrus, etc. They film new videos trying to reproduce the elements of the original plot, but adapting both the lyrics and the scenery to rural Galicia.

The success of the project can be explained by the perfect use of all the elements of the audiovisual text, stereotypes about rural Galicia, and – in terms of linguistics – of the wordplay and the homophonic translation, all of which shows the effective interaction of the analogy and the contrast, two essential components of the genre of the parody.
Listening as part of the teaching of simultaneous translation: how to program activities and put them into practice
Authors: Koroleva Nina
Published: August 2020

This study proposes some ideas about simultaneous translation teaching from Spanish into Russian, using the texts and speeches video pronounced in Spanish language with all multimedia information pertaining to the speaker: ondemand video(s), the country statement, a summary of the statement, audio files.
Venezuela as an example of resisting “colored” or “rose” revolutions
Authors: Apolosov Denis
Published: August 2020

In our research, we aim to emphasize the importance of the decisions made by the government in functions as one to set up the Constituent National Assembly of Venezuela, or clarify the ideas of the national leader Nicolás Maduro, as, for example, his determination to rule out opposition parties. We will analyze how the President of the Republic managed to stop the process of insurrection and present the forecast of the actions to be undertaken by the opposition and the Venezuelan government.
Intensification in dialogic discourse of the media
Authors: Lisava Ala
Published: August 2020

The article contains the analysis of the peculiarities in the functioning of the intensifiers in the Spanish dialogic discourse of the media based on the fragments of the Spanish television programs Hormiguero 3.0, Salvados, Humanos y Divinos. The purpose of this analysis is to reveal the particularities of the use of intensifiers taking into account the specificity of the type of discourse analyzed. The features of the intensifiers (preferable use of “pure” intensifiers with the meaning of high or low degree, contribution of intensification to the increase of expressiveness of speech, participation of intensifiers in certain communicative and metacommunicative tasks of change of degree of a quality or action / reinforcement or attenuation of an evaluation / regulation or correction of the process of dialogic interaction / characteristic of the communicative action of the speaker) evidence a dependence on the communicative and pragmatic characteristics of the media discourse and its dialogic form.
Peru: historical fusion of different cultures
Authors: Gorelaya Ilona
Published: August 2020

The main object of this communication is to describe in short and summarize form the history of Peru, beginning from prehispanic cultures to modern age, giving examples of cultural, archaeological and architectural testimonies. The intention of the author is to illustrate the fact that the Peruvians are the result of historical fusion of different cultures. The history of Peru has several stages that significantly influenced the process of the ethnicity of the country that has included different events and processes: migration that at times, was forced migration, like the arrival of people from Africa or China. The milestones in the history of Peru, from the point of view of the cycles of cultural that influenced the formation of the Peruvian nation were the following: the pre-Colombian era, arrival of the Spaniards, arrival of the first settlers-African (afro-Peruvian), the fight for independence. In the different stages of the history coexisted different ethnic groups: the original indigenous population, the Spanish, who ventured to come to Peru, Africans brought by the Europeans, Italians who came in search of work, Japanese and others. The conclusion reached after analysis of the material presented, is that the modern Peruvian nation is a fusion of ethnicities, nationalities and cultures and the problem of the ethnic identification for the population of Peru is still very current in the modern history.
Spanish as an extraordinary source of economic wealth
Authors: Tsareva N.
Published: August 2020

The project «The Economic Value of Spanish» proves the importance of Spanish language for the economy of Spain. The most important aspect of its functions is the role that the language plays in the internationalization of Spanish companies; it also multiplies by four commercial exchanges between Spanish-speaking countries. According to the study, Spanish language gives 16% of the economic value of GDP and generates employment for 3.5 million of Spanish citizens. Although Spanish has a lot of prestige in the economic and cultural field, it also lacks certain weaknesses in terms of its importance in the field of Science and Technology.
Hyperlinked intertexts in the portuguese media written news internet discourse
Authors: Kurilina T. V.
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the intertextual theory in the mass media. It provides an hyperlink definition, analyses hyperlinked intertexts in the Portuguese media written news internet discourse, gives its basic pragmatic functions.
Old Europe
Authors: Lefler José Farinós
Published: August 2020

Europe is dwarfing: climate change, refugees from depressed countries, religious struggle. The vertiginous speed of the networks, the strength of the internet is overcoming any maneuver that may pretend to hide the truth or lie in the evolution of any country or continent. Europe colonized America and, in agreement, the person in charge was Christopher Columbus and Spain, but Europe, sooner or later, will have to assume a change of roles in world geopolitics or it does not seem that we can glimpse an exciting and promising future.
Investment cooperation between Spain and China
Authors: Aviliova A.
Published: August 2020

In 2018, Spain and China signed a package of investment agreements opening a new stage in their economic cooperation. Both parties expect to develop production cooperation, including in technologically advanced industries. China is rapidly expanding its investment presence abroad. However, the offensive nature of its investment policy creates certain obstacles and risks for the EU countries, which Spain has to reckon with.
Autumn 1936: the battle for Madrid (from the working materials of the book on the history of Spain in the ХХ century)
Authors: Orlov A.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to one of the most vivid episodes of the Spanish civil war, the defense of Madrid in the autumn of 1936. The author tells about the participation in the war of members of International brigades, Soviet military specialists, shares his own memories of the opening of the monument to Soviet volunteers in the suburbs of Madrid in 1989. The article assesses the role in the defense of the Spanish capital and in subsequent events of some prominent figures of the Republican political and military leadership, in particular Prime Minister Largo Caballero, General Miaja and Lieutenant Colonel, and later General Vicente Rojo.
The SCO Expansion: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Konarovsky M.
Published: August 2020

The SCO’s geopolitical expansion was foreseen right after its foundation, and in that way a task to transform it in the future into an influential Eurasian international organization, has been set. During first decade principal efforts have been focused primary on organizational and political dimensions and favorable conditions for SCO’s expansion matured only by its second decade, having been finally formed and shaped at 2014 Dushanbe Summit. Admission of new members, first of all Pakistan and India, enables to strengthen significantly CSO’s geopolitical weight but can cause new challenges and probably require revision of some of its basic terms.

Despite economy is one of the pillars of the SCO’s activity ,that aspect has also for the long time has fallen behind more dynamic cooperation in security sphere. Today, a tendency to overcome the disproportion is becoming more salient. SCO expansion amid activizaton of its economic aspects, will predetermine increase in that Organization’s international credibility but create new challenges as well.
From Generation to Generation: The Problem of Continuity of Power in Arabian Monarchies
Authors: Fedorchenko A.
Published: August 2020

The article investigates the problem of succession in the countries - members of the GCC. Despite the fact that the Arabian monarchies still remain outside the «Arab Spring», domestic political and social conflicts, economic problems are escalated here hiding behind the apparent tranquility. Internal political modernization is closely connected with the change of generations in the top leadership. In the prospective part the article deals with changing perspectives of different types of monarchies in this part of the Arab world.
Russia and the Conception of “Pivot to Asia”
Authors: Lukin A. , Denisov I.
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the pivot to Asia started in the USA in 2011, now becoming a part of US military strategy. Asian-Pacific region will be playing increasingly important role in securing of political, economic and defence interests of the USA seeking to consolidate world order based on “American leadership from the position of strength” – which is the main principle of New National Security Strategy. Pivot to Asia is understood as modernization and reinforcement of traditional “security alliances”. The old policy of “deterrence” of China as main geopolitical competitor is still being pursued.

Military presence of the USA on Japanese islands is used for rearmament of Japanese self-defence forces. New bilateral treaty is being prepared, thus creating the possibility of joint actions of armed forces of Japan and US on the territories in- and outside Pacific region. Threat for North Korea is used as a good pretext for build-up of US military forces and deployment of THAAD complexes on the territory of South Korea. China and Russia express same attitude in this respect regarding THAAD as an instrument for increase tension in the region. Defence co-operation between Australia and US has incentives for development as well as limitations: Australia is not sure US are able to fulfill its obligations in case of crisis and at the same time economic co-operation with Beijing is of crucial interest for Australia. The involvement of Philippines in the territorial dispute with China made possible for US to strengthen cooperation in the sphere of defence. After power shift in Thailand military cooperation with US stopped. Seeking new partners in the region, US is lifting embargo to supply of weapons to Vietnam and gradually unfreezing relations with Myanmar. US moves in SEA can be regarded as reaction to Chinese promotion of “Maritime silk route of the 21st century” concept. Relations with India are viewed in the USA as means of deterrence of China ambitions and competition with Russia in military co-operation.

The article contains practical recommendations how Russia should act when purpose of increasing its influence in the region is on the agenda.