bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis, Treatment & Rehabilitation of Rotator Cuff Acute & Chronic Injury in Throwing Sports Athletes by Isometric, Isotonic and Theraband Exercises
Authors: Gill Sajjad Ali , Saddiqa Ayesha , Abdullah Uzair , Nawaz Amir , Ayoob Fehmida , Shahid Hira , Altaf Atia , Akhtar Muhammad Saleem , Butt Noor Ul Ain , Sajjad Ayesha , Arshad Zain
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this experimental study is to diagnosis and rehabilitate the rotator cuff muscles (RC) in domestic, Intervarsity & National athletes of various throwing sports selected from five major cities of Punjab (Lahore, Multan, Gujranwala, Faisalabad & Sialkot) having confirmed Acute and Chronic injury) with confirmed injury along with some suggested treatments for fasten recovery. The subjects were selected from all the cities having same number of sample size (N=25). A total of N=125 subjects were selected and passed through different test to identify or get the baseline data information. A survey questionnaire was also spread among athletes to gather the feedback of the athletes to give them a rehab plan and utilized Rest, Ice, Compression & Elevation (R.I.C.E) principle (if required). A control injured group (N=25) were also selected for further comparison. The rehabilitation plan (Isometric, isotonic and theraband exercises) was executed for 8 months and statistical analysis performed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS-26) along with paired sample t-test utilized to analyze the results. The reliability calculated through Cronbach Alpha and its value was 0.82. The statistical results showed significant values and showed optimistic response of rehabilitation through Isometric, isotonic and theraband exercises. The post test assessment through tests also indicated satisfactory results. The research concluded that rehabilitation through Isometric, isotonic and theraband exercises produces positive results, as conditioning rehab plan was effective and satisfactory and all the athletes returned to their sport after the completion of the rehabilitation and recovery program. The study also checked the recurrence by followed the subjects for 2 months and resulted that no one is injured during this period.
Association of Nursing Home Exposure to Hurricane-Related Inundation With Emergency Preparedness
Authors: Festa Natalia , Throgmorton Kaitlin F. , Heaphy Nora , Canavan Maureen , Gill Thomas M.
Published: January 2023

Importance

Whether US nursing homes are well prepared for exposure to hurricane-related inundation is uncertain.

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence of nursing homes exposed to hurricane-related inundation and evaluate whether exposed facilities are more likely to meet Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) emergency preparedness standards.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study included CMS-certified nursing homes in Coastal Atlantic and Gulf Coast states from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. The prevalence of facilities exposed to at least 2 feet of hurricane-related inundation used models from the National Hurricane Center across coastal areas overseen by 5 CMS regional offices: New England, New York metropolitan area, Mid-Atlantic region, Southeast and Eastern Gulf Coast, and Western Gulf Coast. Critical emergency preparedness deficiencies cited during CMS life safety code inspections were identified.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The analysis used generalized estimating equations with binomial and negative binomial distributions to evaluate associations between exposure status and the presence and number of critical emergency preparedness deficiencies. Regionally stratified associations (odds ratios [ORs]) and rate ratios [RRs]) with 95% CIs, adjusted for state-level fixed effects and nursing home characteristics, were reported.

Results

Of 5914 nursing homes, 617 (10.4%) were at risk of inundation exposure, and 1763 (29.8%) had a critical emergency preparedness deficiency. Exposed facilities were less likely to be rural, were larger, and had similar CMS health inspection, quality, and staffing ratings compared with unexposed facilities. Exposure was positively associated with the presence and number of emergency preparedness deficiencies for the nursing homes within the Mid-Atlantic region (adjusted OR, 1.91 [95% CI, 1.15-3.20]; adjusted RR, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.41-4.47]). Conversely, exposure was negatively associated with the number of emergency preparedness deficiencies among facilities within the Western Gulf Coast (aRR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.36-0.86]). The associations for the number of emergency preparedness deficiencies remained after correction for multiple comparisons.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that the association between exposure to hurricane-related inundation and nursing home emergency preparedness differs considerably across the Coastal Atlantic and Gulf regulatory regions. These findings further suggest that there may be opportunities to reduce regional heterogeneity and improve the alignment of nursing home emergency preparedness with surrounding environmental risks.
Guilt assessment after retracted voluntary and coerced‐compliant confessions in combination with exculpatory or ambiguous evidence
Authors: Schneider Teresa , Sauerland Melanie
Published: January 2023

We investigated how voluntary confessions, coerced‐compliant confessions, and no‐confessions influenced guilt assessments in combination with other exculpatory or ambiguous evidence. In three experiments (total N = 808), participants studied case information and provided guilt assessments. As expected, in Experiment 1 and 2a, (i) voluntary confessions to protect a family member elicited stronger guilt attributions than no‐confessions and (ii) ambiguous evidence led to stronger guilt attributions than exculpatory evidence. In Experiment 2b, voluntary confessions to protect a group‐member (but not to protect a family‐member) elicited stronger guilt attributions than no‐confessions. Exculpatory eyewitness evidence elicited stronger guilt attributions than exculpatory DNA evidence and participants assigned more weight to exculpatory DNA than eyewitness evidence. Participants were able to discount coerced‐compliant confessions when they received information about the interrogations (Experiments 2a/b), but did not consistently consider risk factors for (voluntary) false confessions outside the interrogation room when assessing guilt.
Baseline Glucocorticoid‐Related Toxicity Scores in Giant Cell Arteritis: A Post Hoc Analysis of the GiACTA Trial
Authors: Patel Naomi J. , Fu Xiaoqing , Zhang Yuqing , Stone John H.
Published: January 2023

Objective

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) requires treatment with high‐dose, long‐term glucocorticoids (GCs). A score assessing and quantifying patients’ baseline GC‐related toxicity may be important to risk stratification and therapeutic decision‐making in patients initiating immunosuppression.

Methods

We analyzed patients with GCA enrolled in the Tocilizumab in Giant Cell Arteritis (GiACTA) trial. Baseline GC‐related toxicity scores for 12 domains were derived from the Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index using baseline medications, medical history, vital signs, and laboratory values. The 12 domains examined were body mass index, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, lipid metabolism, bone and/or tendon, GC myopathy, skin toxicity, neuropsychiatric effects, infection, ocular toxicity, gastrointestinal injury, and adrenal function. Potential scores ranged from 0 to 538. We compared differences between those with newly diagnosed versus relapsing disease at baseline.

Results

A total of 250 patients were included (75% female, mean age 69 years). The mean ± SD baseline GC‐related toxicity score among all patients was 111.3 ± 53.2. The domains that contributed most to the overall scores were blood pressure (24.0% of the overall score), followed by glucose tolerance (22.6%) and neuropsychiatric effects (15.9%). Baseline GC‐related toxicity scores were higher in patients with relapsing disease compared with those with newly diagnosed disease (mean of 122.5 vs. 98.9; P < 0.001). The body mass index and neuropsychiatric domain scores were significantly higher in patients with relapsing disease.

Conclusion

This approach to the assessment of baseline GC‐related toxicity distinguished patients with relapsing GCA from those with newly diagnosed disease. Baseline GC‐related toxicity scores may be useful in therapeutic decision‐making for patients beginning immunosuppressive treatment.
CuSCN Modified Back Contacts for High Performance CZTSSe Solar Cells
Authors: Ji Yixiong , Zhao Xiangyun , Pan Yining , Su Zhenghua , Lin Jinhong , Akinoglu Eser Metin , Xu Yang , Zhang Heyou , Zhao Pengjun , Dong Yue , Wei Xingzhan , Liu Fangyang , Mulvaney Paul
Published: January 2023

Optimization of the back contact interface is crucial for improving the performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cells. In this paper, self‐depleted CuSCN is deployed as an intermediate layer at the Mo/CZTS interface to improve the quality of the back contact. This CuSCN layer, obtained via aqueous solution processing, reduces the thickness of Mo(S,Se)2 and eliminates multi‐layer crystallization of the absorber by suppressing the undesirable reaction between Mo and Se during the selenization process. By regulating the selenium infiltration into the CZTS precursor films during the selenization process, highly crystalline, single‐layer Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) absorber layers are realized. The single‐layer CZTSSe absorber exhibits reduced carrier recombination, enhanced carrier density and increased work function. The improved back contact and absorber layer enables 11.1% power‐conversion‐efficiency to be achieved.
Outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant in patients diagnosed with blast phase of myeloproliferative neoplasms: A retrospective study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Ortí Guillermo , Gras Luuk , Zinger Nienke , Finazzi Maria Chiara , Sockel Katja , Robin Marie , Forcade Edouard , Avenoso Daniele , Kröger Nicolaus , Finke Jürgen , Radujkovic Aleksandar , Hunault‐Berger Mathilde , Schroyens Wilfried , Zuckerman Tsila , Bourhis Jean Henri , Chalandon Yves , Bloor Adrian , Schots Rik , de Wreede Liesbeth C. , Drozd‐Sokolowska Joana , Raj Kavita , Polverelli Nicola , Czerw Tomasz , Hernández‐Boluda Juan Carlos , McLornan Donal , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim
Published: January 2023

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo‐HCT) provides the only potential route to long‐term remission in patients diagnosed with blast phase transformation of myeloproliferative neoplasm (BP‐MPN). We report on a large, retrospective European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry‐based study of BP‐MPN patients undergoing allo‐HCT. BP‐MPN patients undergoing first allo‐HCT between 2005 and 2019 were included. A total of 663 patients were included. With a median follow‐up of 62 months, the estimated 3‐year overall survival (OS) was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32–36). Factors associated with lower OS were Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) <90 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.65, p < .001) and active disease at allo‐HCT (HR 1.45, p < .001), whereas patients undergoing allo‐HCT more recently associated with a higher OS (HR 0.96, p = .008). In a selected patient's population, the 3‐year OS of patients undergoing allo‐HCT in complete response (CR) and with a KPS ≥90 was 60%. KPS < 90 (HR 1.4, p = .001) and active disease (HR 1.44, p = .0004) were associated with a lower progression‐free survival (PFS). Conversely, most recent allo‐HCT associated with a higher PFS (HR 0.96, p = .008). Active disease at allo‐HCT (HR 1.34, p = .03) was associated with a higher cumulative incidence of relapse (RI) and allo‐HCT in earlier calendar years (HR 0.96, p = .02) associated with a lower RI. Last, KPS < 90 (HR 1.91, p < .001), active disease (HR 1.74, p = .003) and allo‐HCT from mismatched related donors were associated with a higher non‐relapse mortality (HR 2.66, p = .003). In this large series of BP‐MPN patients, about one third were alive at 3 years after transplantation. Patients undergoing allo‐HCT in the more recent era, with a KPS ≥90 and in CR at transplant had a better prognosis.
Association of ABO mismatch with the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute leukemia
Authors: Guru Murthy Guru Subramanian , Logan Brent R. , Bo‐Subait Stephanie , Beitinjaneh Amer , Devine Steven , Farhadfar Nosha , Gowda Lohith , Hashmi Shahrukh , Lazarus Hillard , Nathan Sunita , Sharma Akshay , Yared Jean A. , Stefanski Heather E. , Pulsipher Michael A. , Hsu Jack W. , Switzer Galen E. , Panch Sandhya R. , Shaw Bronwen E.
Published: January 2023

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) is a potentially curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). While many factors influence the outcomes of allo‐HCT, the independent impact of donor–recipient ABO mismatching remains unclear. Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) database, we identified patients aged ≥18 years with AML or ALL who underwent allo‐HCT between 2008 and 2018. Our objectives were to analyze the outcomes of allo‐HCT based on the donor–recipient ABO status (match, minor mismatch, major mismatch, bidirectional mismatch). Among 4946 eligible patients, 2741 patients (55.4%) were ABO matched, 1030 patients (20.8%) had a minor ABO mismatch, 899 patients (18.1%) had a major ABO mismatch, and 276 patients (5.6%) had a bidirectional ABO mismatch. In multivariable analyses, compared to ABO matched allo‐HCT, the presence of a major ABO mismatch was associated with worse overall survival (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.29; p = 0.005), inferior platelet engraftment (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77–0.90; p < 0.001), and higher primary graft failure (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.12–2.30, p = 0.01). Relapse, acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) grades III‐IV and chronic GVHD were not significantly associated with ABO status. While donor age was not significantly associated with outcomes, older recipient age was associated with worse survival and non‐relapse mortality. Our study demonstrates that donor–recipient ABO status is independently associated with survival and other post‐transplantation outcomes in acute leukemia. This underscores the importance of considering the ABO status in donor selection algorithms and its impact in acute leukemia.
Sequence analyses of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas unravel three genetic subgroups of patients and the GNA13 mutant as poor prognostic biomarker, results of LNH‐EP1 study
Authors: Michot Jean‐Marie , Quivoron Cyril , Sarkozy Clémentine , Danu Alina , Lazarovici Julien , Saleh Khalil , El‐Dakdouki Yolla , Goldschmidt Vincent , Bigenwald Camille , Dragani Matteo , Bahleda Rastislav , Baldini Capucine , Arfi‐Rouche Julia , Martin‐Romano Patricia , Tselikas Lambros , Gazzah Anas , Hollebecque Antoine , Lacroix Ludovic , Ghez David , Vergé Veronique , Marzac Christophe , Cotteret Sophie , Rahali Wassila , Soria Jean‐Charles , Massard Christophe , Bernard Olivier A. , Dartigues Peggy , Camara‐Clayette Valérie , Ribrag Vincent
Published: January 2023

Advances in molecular profiling of newly diagnosed diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have recently refine genetic subgroups. Genetic subgroups remain undetermined at the time of relapse or refractory (RR) disease. This study aims to decipher genetic subgroups and search for prognostic molecular biomarkers in patients with RR‐DLBCL. From 2015 to 2021, targeted next‐generation sequencing analyses of germline‐matched tumor samples and fresh tissue from RR‐DLBCL patients were performed. Unsupervised clustering of somatic mutations was performed and correlations with patient outcome were sought. A number of 120 patients with RR‐DLBCL were included in LNH‐EP1 study and a molecular tumor landscape was successfully analyzed in 87% of patients (104/120 tumor samples). The median age was 67.5 years (range 27.4–87.4), median number of previous treatments was 2 (range 1–9). The most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (n = 53 mutations; 42% of samples), CREBBP (n = 39; 32%), BCL2 (n = 86; 31%), KMT2D (n = 39; 28%) and PIM1 (n = 54; 22%). Unsupervised clustering separated three genetic subgroups entitled BST (enriched in BCL2, SOCS1, and TNFRSF14 mutations); TKS (enriched in TP53, KMT2D, and STAT6 mutations); and PCM (enriched in PIM1, CD79B, and MYD88 mutations). Median overall survival (OS) was 11.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.1–12.6) months. OS was not significantly different between the three genetic subgroups. GNA13 mutant was significantly associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio: 6.6 [95% CI: 2.1–20.6]; p = .0011) and shorter OS (p = .0340). At the time of relapse or refractory disease, three genetic subgroups of DLBCL patients were delineated, which could help advance precision molecular medicine programs.
Intranasal fentanyl and discharge from the emergency department among children with sickle cell disease and vaso‐occlusive pain: A multicenter pediatric emergency medicine perspective
Authors: Rees Chris A. , Brousseau David C. , Ahmad Fahd A. , Bennett Jonathan , Bhatt Seema , Bogie Amanda , Brown Kathleen M. , Casper T. Charles , Chapman Laura L. , Chumpitazi Corrie E. , Cohen Daniel M. , Dampier Carlton , Ellison Angela M. , Grasemann Hartmut , Hatabah Dunia , Hickey Robert W. , Hsu Lewis L. , Bakshi Nitya , Leibovich Sara , Patil Prabhumallikarjun , Powell Elizabeth C. , Richards Rachel , Sarnaik Syana , Weiner Debra L. , Morris Claudia R. ,   the SCD Arginine Study Group and PECARN
Published: January 2023

Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) commonly experience vaso‐occlusive pain episodes (VOE) due to sickling of erythrocytes, which often requires care in the emergency department. Our objective was to assess the use and impact of intranasal fentanyl for the treatment of children with SCD‐VOE on discharge from the emergency department in a multicenter study. We conducted a cross‐sectional study at 20 academic pediatric emergency departments in the United States and Canada. We used logistic regression to test bivariable and multivariable associations between the outcome of discharge from the emergency department and candidate variables theoretically associated with discharge. The study included 400 patients; 215 (54%) were female. The median age was 14.6 (interquartile range 9.8, 17.6) years. Nineteen percent (n = 75) received intranasal fentanyl in the emergency department. Children who received intranasal fentanyl had nearly nine‐fold greater adjusted odds of discharge from the emergency department compared to those who did not (adjusted odds ratio 8.99, 95% CI 2.81–30.56, p < .001). The rapid onset of action and ease of delivery without intravenous access offered by intranasal fentanyl make it a feasible initial parenteral analgesic in the treatment of children with SCD presenting with VOE in the acute‐care setting. Further study is needed to determine potential causality of the association between intranasal fentanyl and discharge from the emergency department observed in this multicenter study.
Tranexamic acid does not significantly lower postoperative bleeding after endoscopic sinus and nasal surgery
Authors: Khanwalkar Ashoke , Chan Erik , Roozdar Pooya , Kim Dayoung , Ma Yifei , Hwang Peter H. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Patel Zara M.
Published: January 2023

Background

Postoperative epistaxis is a known possibility following endoscopic sinonasal surgery. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to reduce intraoperative blood loss and improve the visual field. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of TXA when given at end of surgery to reduce postoperative bleeding.

Methods

This randomized, double‐blinded placebo‐controlled trial was conducted from April to November 2021. Patients scheduled to undergo endoscopic sinus or nasal surgery were randomized to receive an intravenous dose of 1 g TXA or saline intraoperatively prior to extubation. A 10‐in. visual analog scale (VAS) was used to query patients regarding postoperative bleeding each day for 1 week. The medical record was examined to determine the need for additional evaluations or interventions for epistaxis.

Results

Forty patients completed the study. The mean ± SD postoperative bleeding VAS for the TXA group on the day of surgery was not significantly different from the saline group (4.82 ± 2.18 in. vs. 5.03 ± 2.14 in., p = 0.8). There were no significant differences between treatment arms on any postoperative day through day 7 (0.67 ± 1.84 in. vs. 0.87 ± 0.99 in., p = 0.7), nor in the reduction in VAS compared to the respective baseline on the day of surgery. There were no significant differences in terms of additional interventions (e.g., additional evaluation in recovery, ED, or clinic, need for packing, or return to the operating room [OR]).

Conclusion

Although TXA has previously demonstrated efficacy to reduce intraoperative bleeding during sinonasal surgery, when postoperative bleeding is already minimal at baseline, TXA does not appear to reduce it significantly further.
New Cu (I) complexes as catalyst for “click” reaction: An experimental and computational study
Authors: Gholivand Khodayar , Faraghi Mohammad , Malekshah Rahime Eshagi , Jafari Mohammadreza , Akbarzadeh Ali Reza , Latifi Reza , Fadaei‐Tirani Farzaneh , Fallah Nasrin , Farshadfar Kaveh
Published: January 2023

In this work, two novel well‐defined Cu (I) complexes of a Schiff base ligand are described. For this purpose, N, N′‐bis (trans‐cinnamaldehyde) ethylenediimine [C20H20N2] (L) and Cu (I) complex of the type [CuC20H20N2)PPh3Cl] (C1) and [Cu(C20H20N2)PPh3Br] (C2) were synthesised. IR, NMR, XRD and TGA analyses were used to characterise these compounds and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography confirmed the structure of the compounds. The catalytic activity of the synthesised complexes was studied in azide‐alkyne click reaction (AAC) and the best reaction condition was 15 mol% catalyst, 30 min and 45°C in water, which can be considered moderate catalytic activity for the complexes. Material Studio 2017 software was used to obtain the geometry, energy, HOMO and LUMO of all structures by the quantum calculations (module DMol3 and LDA/PWC). The computational results showed catalyst C2 has more reactivity than catalyst C1, and the C1‐catalysed products form faster than the C2‐catalysed products exceptions 4a and 4b. Product 4b (resulting catalyst C2) is formed faster than product (4a).
Investigation of rubber flow during tire shaping process by experiment and numerical simulations
Authors: Wang Guolin , Shi Shuo , Zhou Haichao
Published: January 2023

Tire plays an important role during driving as comes in direct contact with the road. A comprehensive understanding of the flowing behavior of unvulcanized rubber during the shaping process of tire is essential for the design of tire. The tread has grooves with complex shapes, which are formed by a mold during the tire shaping process. When tread rubber does not fill the mold properly, tire quality deteriorates crucially. We conducted an experiment and computer simulation to determine the flow of tread rubber in the mold. The comprehensive tire building and shaping processes are investigated through the finite element method. The material distribution of the tire obtained by simulation compares is in good agreement with that of the tire theoretical design. The maximum error of rubber components sizes between the simulation and test is 6.22%. The belt layer is the main force bearing component, and it has a directly influence on the rubber flow. The simulation results show that the belt cord force decrease with the cord laying angle from 24° to 30° and increase rapidly with the increase of the cord arrangement spacing.
Evaluating the economic feasibility of replacing propane with solid biofuels for grain drying – a scenario analysis
Authors: Ebadian Mahmood , Sokhansanj Shahabaddine , Cameron Caith , Cameron Campbell , Sauvé Terrence , Dyck James
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the economic feasibility of replacing propane with biomass (solid biofuels) for grain drying under four scenarios. Two scenarios are based on the recently increased price of propane and the possible future changes in prices for propane and biomass. The other scenarios assess the impact of two policies on the cost of energy when carbon pricing is included and a financial incentive program is designed to share the purchase and installation cost of clean technologies such as biomass burners. A farm business in Canada is used as the case study to compare and contrast the energy cost of drying wheat grain over the range of 160 000–400 000 bushels (4355–10 890 t) using wood chip or wood pellet burners instead of propane. The results indicate that, under all scenarios, biomass burners are a more economic option than propane burners for drying grain. In the baseline scenario (no carbon pricing/financial support), cost reductions of 34–62% can be achieved by using a wood chip burner instead of a propane burner. This reduction is estimated to be 52–58% for wood pellet burners versus the propane burner. Every $10tCO2e‐1 increase in the carbon pricing adds about 1.7% to the total drying cost for the propane burner. This further increases the cost saving of switching from propane to biomass, as no carbon pricing is applied to biomass as a renewable energy source. A 50% cost sharing arrangement as a financial support to purchase and install biomass burners can provide a further 2–7% cost saving.
Exploring the syncretic dynamics involved in dyadic business–NGO partnerships
Authors: Martinez Fabien
Published: January 2023

This paper articulates a framework that clarifies (hitherto unexplored) aspects of the dynamics involved in dyadic partnerships between businesses and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). At its core lies the proposition that businesses and NGOs operate with heterogeneous idea systems that are institutionalized in the definition of their organizational identities, missions and values statements and theoretically conceived of as institutional logics, worldviews, paradigms and cultures. The meeting of these idea systems is subject to processes of ‘syncretism’ that critically influence the potential of business–NGO partnerships to meet the normative expectations placed on them. The ‘business in society’ literature has however remained relatively inexplicit in terms of explaining what these processes might be. Drawing therefore on the literature on syncretism and the precepts of analogical reasoning, this study derives four main syncretic processes that determine the valence of business–NGO partnerships towards either congruity or dissent: borrowing, blending, bridging and breaking. While there is a potential for negative outcomes stemming from the first two processes, and in the fourth, bridging is highlighted as a promising, yet demanding, syncretic way for eliminating fundamental tensions between disparate idea systems. The article concludes with a research agenda, together with an outline of theoretical implications.
An ultra‐stable sodium half/full battery based on a unique micro‐channel pine‐derived carbon/SnS2@reduced graphene oxide film
Authors: Sun Yu , Yang Yan‐Ling , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Ye Liyuan , Hou Yiwei , Wang Jiaxin , Suo Guoquan , Lu Siyu , Chen Zhi‐Gang
Published: January 2023

Developing super stability, high coulomb efficiency, and long‐span life of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) can significantly widen their practical industrial applications. In this study, we report a pine‐derived carbon/SnS2@reduced graphene oxide (PDC/SnS2@rGO) film with fast ion/electron transport micro‐channel used as a SIB anode, which shows ultrahigh stable stability and long‐span life. Functionally, a biomass PDC/SnS2@rGO film with ~30 μm micro carbon channel and ~1.2 μm thick carbon wall can simultaneously provide the fast electron transport path and the Na+ transport channel. Also, the two‐dimensional (2D) layered SnS2 particles attached to the carbon wall of PDC can increase more Na+ contact sites and shorten the Na+ transport path in the NaPF6 electrolyte. To avoid the separation of SnS2 from PDC during the sodiation process, rGO with excellent conductivity and flexibility is wrapped in the SnS2 outer layer as an “electronic garment”. A ~650 mA h g−1 high Na+ storage capacity at 0.1 A g−1 and ~99.8% ultrahigh coulomb efficiency after 800 cycles at 5 A g−1 are obtained when PDC/SnS2@rGO film is used as a SIB anode. Furthermore, a SIB full‐cell is assembled using PDC/SnS2@rGO film (anode) and Na3V2(PO4)3 (cathode), which exhibits a ~163.9 mA h g−1 high reversible capacity and ~99.7% coulomb efficiency performance. Our work provides a reasonable design strategy for the application of biomass‐derived carbon in SIBs, which may inspire more biomass‐derived material studies.
Contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound (CH‐EUS) MASTER: A novel deep learning‐based system in pancreatic mass diagnosis
Authors: Tang Anliu , Tian Li , Gao Kui , Liu Rui , Hu Shan , Liu Jinzhu , Xu Jiahao , Fu Tian , Zhang Zinan , Wang Wujun , Zeng Long , Qu Weiming , Dai Yong , Hou Ruirui , Tang Shoujiang , Wang Xiaoyan
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims

Distinguishing pancreatic cancer from nonneoplastic masses is critical and remains a clinical challenge. The study aims to construct a deep learning‐based artificial intelligence system to facilitate pancreatic mass diagnosis, and to guide EUS‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) in real time.

Methods

This is a prospective study. The CH‐EUS MASTER system is composed of Model 1 (real‐time capture and segmentation) and Model 2 (benign and malignant identification). It was developed using deep convolutional neural networks and Random Forest algorithm. Patients with pancreatic masses undergoing CH‐EUS examinations followed by EUS‐FNA were recruited. All patients underwent CH‐EUS and were diagnosed both by endoscopists and CH‐EUS MASTER. After diagnosis, they were randomly assigned to undergo EUS‐FNA with or without CH‐EUS MASTER guidance.

Results

Compared with manual labeling by experts, the average overlap rate of Model 1 was 0.708. In the independent CH‐EUS video testing set, Model 2 generated an accuracy of 88.9% in identifying malignant tumors. In clinical trial, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for diagnosing pancreatic masses by CH‐EUS MASTER were significantly better than that of endoscopists. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were respectively 93.8%, 90.9%, 100%, 100%, and 83.3% by CH‐EUS MASTER guided EUS‐FNA, and were not significantly different compared to the control group. CH‐EUS MASTER‐guided EUS‐FNA significantly improved the first‐pass diagnostic yield.

Conclusion

CH‐EUS MASTER is a promising artificial intelligence system diagnosing malignant and benign pancreatic masses and may guide FNA in real time.

Trial registration number: NCT04607720.
Linked motion image‐based dynamic hand gesture recognition
Authors: Jain Rahul , Karsh Ram Kumar , Barbhuiya Abul Abbas
Published: January 2023

The researchers have paid significant attention to dynamic images for hand gesture recognition. Dynamic images are gesture representation patterns that simultaneously capture spatial, temporal, and structural information from the video. Existing techniques to generate dynamic images provide low discriminability for the gestures, which follow the same trajectory, but in opposite directions, such as “swiping hand right” versus “swiping hand left.” Also, limited to similar gestures such as “Snap fingers” versus “Dual fingers heart.” To address these issues, we have proposed an algorithm to convert a depth video into a single dynamic image known as a linked motion image (LMI). We give the LMI to a classifier consisting of an ensemble of three modified pretrained convolutional neural networks. We conduct the experiments using a multimodal large‐scale EgoGesture dataset and The MSR Gesture 3D dataset. For the EgoGesture dataset, the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 92.91%, which is better than the state‐of‐the‐art methods. For the MSR Gesture 3D dataset, the proposed method accuracy is 100%, which outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods. This work also highlights the recognition accuracy and precision of each gesture. The experiments demonstrate the work's economic efficiency using a web‐based data science environment called Kaggle rather than high‐end systems like GPU.
Visible Light‐Driven N–F‐Codoped TiO2 for Photocatalysts as Potential Application to Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Pham Toan Minh , Bui Khang Quang , Le Dien Vinh , Pham Hau Quoc , Huynh Tai Thien , Ngo Thang Manh , Ho Van Thi Thanh
Published: January 2023

N–F‐codoped TiO2 materials were successfully fabricated by a hydrothermal method without any capping agent and further heat treatment. The results indicate interstitial N3− ion doping and the surface‐adsorbed F− ion on the TiO2 surface. By introducing N and F into the TiO2 lattice, the band gap of the obtained material is significantly reduced compared to the undoped TiO2. Moreover, the light absorption ability of the material was demonstrated to extend to visible light regions, contributing to the better photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the sample with the NH4F/TiCl4 precursor molar ratio of 2:1 displayed the greatest photocatalytic activity with visible radiation. This study provides a new pathway to synthesize a novel photocatalyst having great potential for future applications.
Adding Value to Wastewater Bioremediation by Lipid Extraction from Oedogonium intermedium
Authors: Gong Zhe , Fimbres-Weihs Gustavo Adolfo , Rajarathnam Gobinath Pillai , Abbas Ali
Published: January 2023

Macroalgae bioremediation is a potential way to deal with the escalating problem of arsenic contamination. The results of this study demonstrate that the arsenic content in wastewater treated by Oedogonium intermedium decreases by 32% from 1.13 ± 0.01 to 0.77 ± 0.03 ppb. Then, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) extraction was employed to isolate lipids from O. intermedium. Response surface methodology based on the Box‐Behnken design was carried out to optimize the SC‐CO2 extraction conditions of pressure (200–400 bar), temperature (30–50 °C), and extraction time (30–90 min). The optimal conditions from the model are predicted as 301.95 bar, 41.3 °C, and 30.53 min with 3.24 % lipid yield, 61.30 % PUFA ratio, and 0.106 µg g−1 of arsenic content, respectively.
Revisiting Basics of kLa Dependency on Aeration in Bubble Columns: a Is Surprisingly Stable
Authors: Wild Moritz , Mast Yannic , Takors Ralf
Published: January 2023

A comprehensive experimental characterization of a small‐scale bubble column bioreactor (60 mL) is presented. Bubble size distribution (BSD), gas holdup, and kLa were determined for different types of liquids, relevant fermentation conditions and superficial gas velocities uG. The specific interfacial area a and liquid mass transfer coefficient kL have been identified independent of each other to unravel their individual impact on kLa. Results show that increasing uG leads to larger bubbles and higher gas holdup. As both parameters influence a in opposite ways, no increase of a with uG is found. Furthermore, kL increases with increasing bubble size outlining that improved oxygen transfer is not the result of higher a but of risen kL instead. The results build the foundation for further simulative investigations.
GuaiacolHDOon La‐modified Pt/Al2O3: Influence of rare‐earth loading
Authors: Escobar José , Barrera María C. , Santes Víctor F. , Fouconnier Benoit
Published: January 2023

The stability of the catalyst used in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of biomass‐derived oils needs improvement. La has been applied in delaying Al2O3phase‐change under reaction conditions. Lanthanum (0.5–8 wt.%)‐γ‐alumina was studied as Pt (1 wt.%) carrier aimed at guaiacol (GUA) HDO. Materials characterization included N2physisorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, FTIR, UV–vis, and TPR. Solids pore size (~8–10 nm) was suitable for GUA (kinetic diameter~0.668 nm) hydrotreating. Mixed carriers were amorphous (XRD), suggesting well‐dispersed La domains; meanwhile, carbonates/bicarbonates were formed (from CO2) due to the basic surface properties of modified supports (FTIR). That could impart catalyst stability by inhibiting coking through the passivation of Lewis acidity on Al2O3. Pt reducibility increased with La loading in various formulations. However, that was not reflected in enhanced GUA HDO (T = 488 K and P = 3.2 MPa, batch reactor), presumably due to the strong metal–support interaction (SMSI), where LaOxcovered the metallic Pt particle surface. GUA HDO on various catalysts was approximated by pseudo‐first‐order kinetics (integral regime,k), where deviations were observed as La loading increased, presumably by an SMSI state that could affect the rate‐determining step of the reaction mechanism. Basic sites provided by rare‐earth could contribute to altering HDO reaction pathways as well. At 1 wt.% rare‐earth, GUA HDO was maximized (k~25% higher than that on Pt/Al2O3), with that material also exhibiting similar deoxygenation (85%–90% at total GUA conversion) to the latter Pt over pristine alumina. Conversely, both parameters significantly diminished over the catalyst of the highest La content. Materials at low rare‐earth concentrations deserve further studies focused on catalyst stability under HDO conditions.
Race‐free renal function estimation equations and potential impact on Black patients: Implications for cancer clinical trial enrollment
Authors: Schmeusser Benjamin N. , Palacios Arnold R. , Midenberg Eric R. , Nabavizadeh Reza , Patil Dattatraya H. , Harvey R. Donald , Bryksin Janetta , Connor Michael J. , Ogan Kenneth , Bilen Mehmet A. , Master Viraj A.
Published: January 2023

Background

Black patients face disparities in cancer outcomes. Additionally, Black patients are more likely to be undertreated and underrepresented in clinical trials. The recent recommendation to remove race from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) results in lower eGFR values for Black patients. The ramifications of this decision, both intended and unintended, are still being elucidated in the medical community. Here, the authors analyze the removal of race from eGFR for Black patients with cancer, specifically with respect to clinical trial eligibility.

Methods

In a cohort of self‐identified Black patients who underwent nephrectomy at a tertiary referral center from 2009 to 2021 (n = 459), eGFR was calculated with and without race in commonly used equations (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD‐EPI] and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD]). The distribution of patients and changes within chronic kidney disease stages with different equations was considered. Theoretical exclusion at commonly observed clinical trial eGFR points was then simulated on the basis of the utilization of the race coefficient.

Results

The median eGFR from CKD‐EPI was significantly higher with race (76 ml/min/1.73 m2) than without race (66 ml/min/1.73 m2; p < .0001). The median eGFR from MDRD was significantly higher with race (71.0 ml/min/1.73 m2) than without race (58 ml/min/1.73 m2; p < .0001). Observing results in the context of common clinical trial cutoff points, the authors found that 13%–22%, 6%–12%, and 2%–3% more Black patients would fall under common clinical trial cutoffs of 60, 45, and 30 ml/min, respectively, depending on the equation used. A subanalysis of stage III–IV patients only was similar.

Conclusions

Race‐free renal function equations may inadvertently result in increased exclusion of Black patients from clinical trials. This is especially concerning because of the underrepresentation and undertreatment that Black patients already experience.

Plain Language Summary

Black patients experience worse oncologic outcomes and are underrepresented in clinical trials.

Kidney function, as estimated by glomerular filtration rate equations, is a factor in who can and cannot be in a clinical trial.

Race is a variable in some of these equations.

For Black patients, removing race from these equations leads to the calculation of lower kidney function.

Lower estimated kidney function may result in more black patients being excluded from clinical trials.

The inclusion of all races in clinical trials is important for offering best care to everyone and for making results from clinical trials applicable to everyone.
Catalytic Transformation of Positional Nitrophenol Isomers on Highly Active Ag/Linde‐Type A4 Zeolite: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Horta‐Fraijo Patricia , García‐Valdivieso Guadalupe , Rodríguez‐Aranda M. C. , Navarro‐Contreras Hugo R. , Londoño‐Calderón Alejandra , José‐Yacaman Miguel , Smolentseva Elena , Acosta Brenda
Published: January 2023

The catalytic transformation of ortho‐(o‐NP), meta‐(m‐NP) and para‐nitrophenols (p‐NP) by Ag nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) stabilised on zeolite A4 (ZA4) is presented for the first time. The catalysts are prepared by microwave‐assisted synthesis (Ag/ZA4‐MW) or ion exchange (Ag/ZA4‐IE). The results indicate that the nitrophenol reduction rate depends on the molecule structure and the presence of low‐coordinated metallic Ag‐NPs (∼2 nm and sub nanometric species). Meanwhile, the reactivity tendency depends on the synthesis methodology (m‐NP>p‐NP>o‐NP and o‐NP>m‐NP>p‐NP for Ag/ZA4‐MW and Ag/ZA4‐IE, respectively). The turnover frequency (TOF) values estimated for nitrophenols reduction are superior for Ag/ZA4‐MW catalyst by several orders of magnitude compared with those obtained for Ag/ZA4‐IE catalyst. In addition, the catalyst exhibits remarkable catalytic stability for the reduction of p‐NP even after the fifth consecutive catalytic run. The presently prepared catalysts are characterised by superior catalytic activity for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds than similar Ag‐based materials reported in the literature.
Topological Surface State of Bi2Se3 Modified by Physisorption of n‐Alkane
Authors: Moue Rena , Yamazaki Hiroto , Kitazawa Tatsuya , Yaji Koichiro , Yaguchi Hiroshi , Kuroda Kenta , Kondo Takeshi , Harasawa Ayumi , Iwahashi Takashi , Ouchi Yukio , Shin Shik , Kanai Kaname
Published: January 2023

Recently, the interface between an organic molecular layer and a topological insulator (TI) surface (Org./TI interface) has been studied to explore the possibility of multifunctional TI devices with organic molecules. Nevertheless, understanding of the electronic structure of Org./TI interfaces is insufficient. Especially, little is known about physisorption systems, where the interaction between adsorbed molecules and topological surface state (TSS) is weak. Here, we discuss an ideal physisorption system of an n‐alkane molecule, n‐tetratertacontane (TTC), and prototypical TI, Bi2Se3, in which the interaction between the molecule and TSS is the weakest one possible. Angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy results show that the energy of the Dirac cone (DC) energy band decreases by approximately 60 meV when the TTC layer is formed on Bi2Se3. The amount of energy reduction is consistent with the reduction in vacuum level at the TTC/Bi2Se3 interface, valence states of Bi2Se3 and the core levels of Bi2Se3 observed by ultraviolet‐ and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. Therefore, no chemical interactions, such as charge transfer, occur at the TTC/Bi2Se3 interface, but only a redistribution of charge density on the Bi2Se3 surface occurs due to the Pauli repulsion between the electrons of the adsorbed TTC molecule and TSS.
Atomic Observation of the Al2Cu Interface in Cu/Al Shaped Charge Liners
Authors: Zhang Jinhong , Sun Chunhao , Shao Ruiwen , Dong Weikang , Liu Tiansheng
Published: January 2023

Shaped charge liners have recently received a lot of attention due to their exceptional properties, particularly copper–aluminum (Cu–Al) bimetal liners which cause larger penetration than copper liners. However, inevitably high brittle compositions exist along the interface such as Al2Cu and Al4Cu9 which induce low plasticity to negatively influence the performance. Until now, the interface structure between these compositions and Cu/Al has seldom received attention. In this paper, the interface between Al2Cu and Cu/Al is depicted and studied on atomic level. Aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) reveal that the Al2Cu are the main compositions of AlxCu along Cu/Al interface. Importantly, the interface structure of Al2Cu–Cu and Al2Cu–Al is demonstrated, where the Al2Cu–Cu interface has a transition region showing polycrystalline, while the Al2Cu–Al interface exhibits a sharp boundary which can form a 5 nm width co‐exist area in which Al2Cu and Al both exist without any mismatch or dislocation. The findings certify the discrepant atomic structure in the interface which can help understanding the connection style of highly brittle compositions and Cu/Al. This phenomenon has potential value in understanding the Cu/Al liner's performance and Cu/Al alloys in the future.
Influence of Calcium Element on Microstructure and Electrical Properties of ZnO Varistor with Lesser Dopants
Authors: Gao Yuan , Hong Su‐Lei , Chen Yong , Wang Mao‐Hua
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the influence of Ca‐doping on microstructure and electrical characteristics of ZnO varistor ceramics is studied. With the increase of the doping concentration of calcium, the ZnO ceramics show strong directional growth along the Ca2MnO3.5 phase and the intensity of the X‐ray diffraction peaks of the Ca2MnO3.5 phase increase obviously, which indicates that the phase structure of ZnO ceramics is significantly affected by the calcium concentration. The average grain size of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mol% Ca‐doped ZnO ceramics is 7.2, 5.2, 4.8, and 4.2 µm, respectively, confirming the doping of Ca restrained the growth of grain in ceramics. The varistor ceramics doped with 1 mol% Ca have a density of 4.37 g cm−3, with a nonlinear coefficient of ∼41 at room temperature. They can be used to protect the electrical circuits from over voltages in the range of 280–460 V. Moreover, the ZnO ceramics show good temperature stability and the nonlinear coefficient changes slightly when the temperature changes from 25 to 150 °C; especially for varistor ceramics with 2 mol% Ca, the nonlinear coefficient is stable at about 37.
An artificial intelligence‐based spectrum sensing methodology for LoRa and cognitive radio networks
Authors: Yalçın Sercan
Published: January 2023

The artificial intelligence‐based spectrum sensing approach is extremely important in terms of effective bandwidth utilization for low power wide area networks (LPWANs) based on cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Most studies perform spectrum detection with CRNs using optimization or deep neural network methods. However, optimization‐based spectrum detection approaches based on current LPWANs are scarce. For this purpose, in this study, a hybrid optimization methodology integrated with CRNs is proposed for LoRa, which is one of the most compatible LPWAN technologies in the Internet of Things (IoTs) recently. In the particle swarm optimization (PSO) part of this hybrid methodology, agent users are created so that secondary users (SUs) could use the licensed band of primary users (PUs) in cognitive radio. On the genetic algorithm side, LoRa error rates are minimized in order to further improve the performance of the proposed method. In this way, effective spectrum sensing is performed in the LoRa network. Various LoRa‐CRN experiments have been carried out in the simulation environment, and the probability of detection and false alarm performances have been compared with both theoretical and proposed approaches in terms of quality estimation parameters. It is clear from the results that the proposed methods give successful results for the LoRa‐CRNs.