bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A reliable and quick method for screening alternative splicing variants for low-abundance genes
Authors: Zhang Yanchun , Qu Wubin , Yan Ruifen , Liu Huqi , Zhang Chenggang , Li Zhihui , Dong Guofu
Published: June 2024

Alternative splicing (AS) is a universal phenomenon in eukaryotes, and it is still challenging to identify AS events. Several methods have been developed to identify AS events, such as expressed sequence tags (EST), microarrays and RNA-seq. However, EST has limitations in identifying low-abundance genes, while microarray and RNA-seq are high-throughput technologies, and PCR-based technology is needed for validation. To overcome the limitations of EST and shortcomings of high-throughput technologies, we established a method to identify AS events, especially for low-abundance genes, by reverse transcription (RT) PCR with gene-specific primers (GSPs) followed by nested PCR. This process includes two major steps: 1) the use of GSPs to amplify as long as the specific gene segment and 2) multiple rounds of nested PCR to screen the AS and confirm the unknown splicing variants. With this method, we successfully identified three new splicing variants, namely, GenBank Accession No. HM623886 for the bdnf gene (GenBank GeneID: 12064), GenBank Accession No. JF417977 for the trkc gene (GenBank GeneID: 18213) and GenBank Accession No. HM623888 for the glb-18 gene (GenBank GeneID: 172485). In addition to its reliability and simplicity, the method is also cost-effective and labor-intensive. In conclusion, we developed an RT-nested PCR method using gene-specific primers to efficiently identify known and novel AS variants. This approach overcomes the limitations of existing methods for detecting rare transcripts. By enabling the discovery of new isoforms, especially for low-abundance genes, this technique can aid research into aberrant splicing in disease. Future studies can apply this method to uncover AS variants involved in cancer, neurodegeneration, and other splicing-related disorders.
The role of digital technologies in contemporary craft practice from UK–China insights
Authors: Bryan-Kinns Nick , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhang Duoduo , Tan Zhengyu , Tan Hao
Published: June 2024

Digital technologies such as digital production and online marketplaces have generated revenue growth and sustained work in the music and game creative industries. However, there is little research on how digital technologies impact contemporary craft. Here we present the results of a twenty-month AHRC research project which explored the role of digital technologies for craft in China and the United Kingdom. The research was undertaken prior to the mass adoption of online tools such as videoconferencing, which became necessary due to enforced social distancing during the recent pandemic. It provides an account of the craft ecosystems in China and the United Kingdom as they started to embrace digital technologies – ecosystems which inevitably evolved with craftmakers’ enforced migration online. This article reports on mixed-methods research stakeholder surveys, workshops and quick ethnographic studies conducted to capture how digital technologies were used across the craft making journey from Planning and Inspiration through Materials and Preparation to Production and Making. Comparing the differences and similarities between China and the United Kingdom enables us to better understand the potential of digital technologies for craft. For example, live streaming, an emerging digital technology at the time of the research, was already a popular way for craftmakers to engage broad audiences in China, whilst UK craftmakers tended to use personal websites, e-mails and newsletters. Craftmakers’ knowledge has necessarily shifted to encompass the digital, often at the expense of precious making time. On the one hand, digital tools and processes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution have transformed many craft skills from making by hand to making by computer; on the other hand, social media and online marketplaces have changed the relationship between craftmakers and consumers and may shape which crafts flourish in the future.
Reviewing Duoluojie: The creative student-led urban transformations in China
Authors: Xu Xiaoyi , Xiao Jieling
Published: June 2024

This article explores Duoluojie around Chinese university campuses, which are informal adaptations of streets to serve the needs of university students and promote creative economies. From reviewing the meaning of ‘being a university student’ in the Chinese context and how this has transformed in the past decades, we seek the origins and emerging literature of Duoluojie. Duoluojie in this article is considered as a creative approach to regenerating urban spaces with grassroots interventions from university students and local communities. It is rooted in but also beyond the street-vending economy. Duoluojie, as a unique phenomenon, serves as a vital connection between the university and the city, bridging the gap between campus life and the external urban environment. Reviewing two Duoluojie regarding failures and successes, we wish to open up the discourse on its future in relation to current debates and theories on urban regeneration and place branding.
Interceptación de comunicaciones telefónicas, seguridad(es) y garantías procesales
Authors: Alfonso Rodríguez Adriano J.
Published: June 2024

Los desafíos referidos a la seguridad debemos verlos en diferentes vertientes. Uno de ellos es la «seguridad pública» ligada al desarrollo de actividades de persecución del hecho delictivo, lo que motiva que las limitaciones de derechos fundamentales sigan una estela de rigor y control judicial bajo parámetros garantistas muy intensos. Frente a ella se encuentra la denominada «seguridad nacional», que es bastante distante de la investigación penal propiamente dicha, pero cuyas amenazas resultan en ocasiones coincidentes (por ejemplo, crimen organizado y terrorismo) y para ello es necesario, también, limitar los derechos fundamentales y establecer una garantía judicial, sólo que bajo un prisma diferente que resulta impuesto en el proceso penal. Esto impacta, necesariamente, cuando es la Policía la que solicita al Juez una medida de escuchas telefónicas, de cuando lo es nuestro servicio secreto que tiene un régimen distinto, aunque muy interesante de control judicial.
Ciberseguridad vs ciberdelincuencia: obstáculos procesales en la persecución de la ciberdelincuencia organizada. Propuestas para una más eficaz represión de los ciberdelitos
Authors: García Torres María Luisa
Published: June 2024

La ciberseguridad y la ciberdelincuencia son dos caras de la misma moneda. Mientras que la ciberseguridad se refiere a las medidas diseñadas para proteger los sistemas informáticos, redes y datos contra los ataques cibernéticos, la ciberdelincuencia es aquella actividad criminal que se lleva a cabo mediante el uso de computadoras, redes y tecnologías de la información.
Los ciberdelincuentes son cada vez más, más fuertes y mejor organizados: se aprovechan de la transformación digital del mundo, y de la sociedad, del aumento de las transacciones por Internet, del anonimato en la navegación, del efecto multiplicador de sus acciones en la red, del desconocimiento de los ciudadanos sobre las medidas mínimas de ciberseguridad que deben adoptar en su vida diaria y de la proliferación de datos que se producen en el mundo cada día. Además, la persecución de la ciberdelincuencia presenta numerosos obstáculos procesales: carácter extraterritorial de los delitos, escasez de recursos humanos y materiales, desconocimiento tecnológico de los jueces, dificultad para obtener las pruebas y la volatilidad de las evidencias son los más evidentes.
A pesar de los esfuerzos legislativos de la Unión Europea para garantizar el acceso a las pruebas electrónicas y para facilitar la investigación de estos crímenes, los resultados en la represión de la ciberdelincuencia han sido escasos hasta el momento. La cooperación internacional en materia penal se torna crucial en esta lucha.
El presente no es sencillo y el futuro una incógnita y es que la Inteligencia Artificial plantea nuevos y complejos retos para la ciberseguridad.
Baseline Frailty Measured by the Risk Analysis Index and 30-Day Mortality After Surgery for Spinal Malignancy: Analysis of a Prospective Registry (2011–2020)
Authors: Thommen Rachel , Bowers Christian A. , Segura Aaron C. , Roy Joanna M. , Schmidt Meic H.
Published: June 2024

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic utility of baseline frailty, measured by the Risk Analysis Index (RAI), for prediction of postoperative mortality among patients with spinal malignancy (SM) undergoing resection.Methods: SM surgery cases were queried from the American College of Surgeons – National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2011–2020). The relationship between preoperative RAI frailty score and increasing rate of primary endpoint (mortality or discharge to hospice within 30 days, “mortality/hospice”) were assessed. Discriminatory accuracy was assessed by computation of C-statistics (with 95% confidence interval [CI]) in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: A total of 2,235 cases were stratified by RAI score: 0–20, 22.7%; 21–30, 11.9%; 31–40, 54.7%; and ≥ 41, 10.7%. The rate of mortality/hospice was 6.5%, which increased linearly with increasing RAI score (p < 0.001). RAI was also associated with increasing rates of major complication, extended length of stay, and nonhome discharge (all p < 0.05). The RAI demonstrated acceptable discriminatory accuracy for prediction of primary endpoint (C-statistic, 0.717; 95% CI, 0.697–0.735). In pairwise ROC comparison, RAI demonstrated superiority versus modified frailty index-5 and chronological age (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Preoperative frailty, as measured by RAI, is a robust predictor of mortality/ hospice after SM surgery. The frailty score may be applied in clinical settings using a user-friendly calculator, deployed here: https://nsgyfrailtyoutcomeslab.shinyapps.io/spinalMalignancyRAI/.
Comparison of Transoral Anterior Jefferson-Fracture Reduction Plate and Posterior Screw-Rod Fixation in C1-Ring Osteosynthesis for Unstable Atlas Fractures
Authors: Cai Mandi , Wu Yifeng , Ma Rencai , Chen Junlin , Chen Zexing , Deng Chenfu , Huang Xinzhao , Ma Xiangyang , Zou Xiaobao
Published: June 2024

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of transoral anterior Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and posterior screw rod (PSR) surgery for unstable atlas fractures via C1-ring osteosynthesis.Methods: From June 2009 to June 2022, 49 consecutive patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by transoral anterior JeRP fixation (JeRP group) or PSR fixation (PSR group) and followed up at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA; 30 males and 19 females were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), distance to anterior arch fracture (DAAF), distance to posterior arch fracture (DPAF), lateral mass displacement (LMD), Redlund-Johnell value, postoperative complications, and fracture healing rate were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed.Results: Compared with that in the PSR group, the bleeding volume in the JeRP group was lower, and the length of hospital stay was longer. The VAS scores and NDIs of both groups were significantly improved after surgery. The postoperative DAAF and DPAF were significantly smaller after surgery in both groups. Compared with the significantly shorter DPAF in the PSR group, the JeRP group had a smaller DAAF, shorter LMDs and larger Redlund-Johnell value postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The fracture healing rate at 3 months after surgery was significantly greater in the JeRP group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Both C1-ring osteosynthesis procedures for treating unstable atlas fractures yield satisfactory clinical outcomes. Transoral anterior JeRP fixation is more effective than PSR fixation for holistic fracture reduction and short-term fracture healing, but the hospital stay is longer.
Incidence and Survival of Patients With Malignant Primary Spinal Cord Tumors: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Liu Huanbing , Duan Linnan , Li Zhibin , Liu Yuanhao , Wang Yubo
Published: June 2024

Objective: Epidemiological studies on spinal cord tumors are rare, and studies on primary intramedullary tumors are even rarer. The incidence and survival of patients with primary intramedullary spinal cord tumors have not been well documented. We aimed to study the incidence and survival of patients with primary spinal cord malignant and borderline malignant tumors based on data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and provide information for revealing the epidemiology and exploring the prognosis of patients with primary intramedullary tumors.Methods: Patients in the SEER database with microscopically diagnosed malignant and borderline malignant primary spinal cord tumors from 2000 and 2019 were included in this study. We analyzed the distribution of patients according to the demographic and clinical characteristics. Then, we extracted the incidence rate and 5-year relative survival for the whole cohort and different subgroups of the cohort. Finally, multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival.Results: A total of 5,211 patients with malignant and borderline malignant primary spinal cord tumors were included in this cohort study. Ependymoma, astrocytoma (including oligodendrogliomas and glioblastoma), lymphoma and hemangioblastoma were the most common pathological types. The age-adjusted incidence rates of primary spinal cord ependymoma was 0.18 per 100,000. The incidence rate for females was significantly lower than that for males. The incidence rate was highest in Caucasian. The incidence rate of ependymoma was significantly higher than that of other pathological types. The incidence of astrocytoma was highest among people aged 0–19 years, the incidence of ependymoma was highest among people aged 40–59 years, and the incidence of lymphoma was highest among people aged 60 years or older. The 5-year observed survival and relative survival rates for the whole cohort were 82.80% and 86.00%, respectively. Patients diagnosed with ependymoma had significantly better survival than their counterparts. We also found the impact of surgery and chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with different tumors varies a lot.Conclusion: We conducted a population-based analysis of malignant and borderline malignant primary spinal cord tumors with the aim of revealing the epidemiology and survival of patients with primary intramedullary spinal cord tumors. Despite some shortcomings, this study provides valuable information to help us better understand the epidemiological characteristics of primary intramedullary spinal cord tumors.
Biomechanical Analysis of Hybrid Artificial Discs or Zero-Profile Devices for Treating 1-Level Adjacent Segment Degeneration in ACDF Revision Surgery
Authors: Liang Weishi , Yang Yihan , Han Bo , Sun Duan , Yin Peng , Hai Yong
Published: June 2024

Objective: Cervical hybrid surgery optimizes the use of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) and zero-profile (ZOP) devices in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) but lacks uniform combination and biomechanical standards, especially in revision surgery (RS). This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of adjacent segments of the different hybrid RS constructs in ACDF RS.Methods: An intact 3-dimensional finite element model generated a normal cervical spine (C2–T1). This model was modified to the primary C5–6 ACDF model. Three RS models were created to treat C4–5 adjacent segment degeneration through implanting cages plus plates (Cage-Cage), ZOP devices (ZOP-Cage), or Bryan discs (CDA-Cage). A 1.0-Nm moment was applied to the primary C5–6 ACDF model to generate total C2–T1 range of motions (ROMs). Subsequently, a displacement load was applied to all RS models to match the total C2–T1 ROMs of the primary ACDF model.Results: The ZOP-Cage model showed lower biomechanical responses including ROM, intradiscal pressure, maximum von Mises stress in discs, and facet joint force in adjacent segments compared to the Cage-Cage model. The CDA-Cage model exhibited the lowest biomechanical responses and ROM ratio at adjacent segments among all RS models, closely approached or lower than those in the primary ACDF model in most motion directions. Additionally, the maximum von Mises stress on the C3–4 and C6–7 discs increased in the Cage-Cage and ZOP-Cage models but decreased in the CDA-Cage model when compared to the primary ACDF model.Conclusion: The CDA-Cage construct had the lowest biomechanical responses with minimal kinematic change of adjacent segments. ZOP-Cage is the next best choice, especially if CDA is not suitable. This study provides a biomechanical reference for clinical hybrid RS decision-making to reduce the risk of ASD recurrence.
A Nomogram for Predicting Overall Survival of Patients With Primary Spinal Cord Glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Yao , Mu Qingchun , Sheng Minfeng , Chen Yanming , Jian Fengzeng , Li Rujun
Published: June 2024

Objective: Primary spinal cord glioblastoma (PSCGBM) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. To date, no prognostic nomogram for this rare disease was established. Hence, we aimed to develop a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) of PSCGBM.Methods: Clinical data of patients with PSCGBM was retrospectively collected from the neurosurgery department of Soochow University Affiliated Second Hospital and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Information including age, sex, race, tumor extension, extent of resection, adjuvant treatment, marital status, income, year of diagnosis and months from diagnosis to treatment were recorded. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors for PSCGBM. A nomogram was constructed to predict 1-year, 1.5-year, and 2-year OS of PSCGBM.Results: A total of 132 patients were included. The 1-year, 1.5-year, and 2-year OS were 45.5%, 29.5%, and 18.9%, respectively. Four variables: age groups, tumor extension, extent of resection, and adjuvant therapy, were identified as independent prognostic factors. The nomogram showed robust discrimination with a C-index value for the prediction of 1-year OS, 1.5-year OS, and 2-year of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.70), 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62–0.70), and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.61–0.70), respectively. The calibration curves exhibited high consistencies between the predicted and observed survival probability in this cohort.Conclusion: We have developed and internally validated a nomogram for predicting the survival outcome of PSCGBM for the first time. The nomogram has the potential to assist clinicians in making individualized predictions of survival outcome of PSCGBM.
Prediction of Screw Loosening After Dynamic Pedicle Screw Fixation With Lumbar Polyetheretherketone Rods Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Vertebral Bone Quality Score
Authors: Jiang Guozheng , Xu Luchun , Ma Yukun , Guan Jianbin , Yang Yongdong , Zhong Wenqing , Li Wenhao , Zhou Shibo , Song JiaWei , Feng Ningning , Qiu Ziye , Li Zeyu , Zhou YiShu , Meng Letian , Qu Yi , Yu Xing
Published: June 2024

Objective: To investigate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score and screw loosening after dynamic pedicle screw fixation with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) rods, and evaluate its predictive value.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients who underwent dynamic pedicle screw fixation with PEEK rods from March 2017 to June 2022. Data on age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia history, long-term smoking, alcohol consumption, VBQ score, L1–4 average Hounsfield unit (HU) value, surgical fixation length, and the lowest instrumented vertebra were collected. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between VBQ score and pedicle screw loosening (PSL).Results: A total of 24 patients experienced PSL after surgery (20.5%). PSL group and non-PSL group showed statistical differences in age, number of fixed segments, fixation to the sacrum, L1–4 average HU value, and VBQ score (p < 0.05). The VBQ score in the PSL group was higher than that in the non-PSL group (3.56 ± 0.45 vs. 2.77 ± 0.31, p < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, VBQ score (odds ratio, 3.425; 95% confidence interval, 1.552–8.279) were identified as independent risk factors for screw loosening. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for VBQ score predicting PSL was 0.819 (p < 0.05), with the optimal threshold of 3.15 (sensitivity, 83.1%; specificity, 80.5%).Conclusion: The VBQ score can independently predict postoperative screw loosening in patients undergoing lumbar dynamic pedicle screw fixation with PEEK rods, and its predictive value is comparable to HU value.
Modeling how a Powerful Airburst destroyed Tall el-Hammam, a Middle Bronze Age city near the Dead Sea
Authors: Silvia Phillip J. , Collins Steven , LeCompte Malcolm A. , Costa Luis , Howard George A. , Kennett James P. , Moore Christopher R. , Kletetschka Gunther , Adedeji A. Victor , Hermes Robert E. , Witwer Timothy , Langworthy Kurt , Razink Joshua J. , Brogden Valerie , van Devener Brian , Perez Jesus Paulo , Polson Randy , Kavková Radana , Young Marc D. , West Allen
Published: June 2024

A previous study presented evidence supporting the hypothesis that a low-altitude airburst approximately 3600 years ago destroyed Tall el-Hammam, a Middle-Bronze-Age city northeast of the Dead Sea in modern-day Jordan. The evidence supporting this hypothesis includes a widespread charcoal-and-ash-rich terminal destruction layer containing shock-fractured quartz, shattered and melted pottery, melted mudbricks and building plaster, microspherules, charcoal and soot, and melted grains of platinum, iridium, nickel, zircon, chromite, and quartz. Here, we report further evidence supporting a cosmic airburst event at Tall el-Hammam. Fifteen years of excavations across the city revealed a consistent directionality among scattered potsherds from individually decorated vessels, including one potsherd group distributed laterally approximately southwest to northeast across ∼22 m, spanning six palace walls. Similar trails of charred grains, charcoal, and bone fragments were also found distributed across multi-meter distances inside the destroyed city. Although an earlier report of the directionality of this debris was challenged, further evidence presented here strengthens that interpretation. We also report Middle-Bronze-Age partially melted breccia that likely formed at >2230 °C, consistent with a cosmic event. We investigated additional glass-filled fractured quartz grains using ten analytical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cathodoluminescence (CL), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). These grains are inferred to have formed by high-pressure shock metamorphism, consistent with an earlier report that has been challenged. To test that the mode of destruction could have been an airburst, we produced a hydrocode computer model of a Type 2 or touch-down airburst, in which a high-temperature, high-pressure, high-velocity jet intersects Earth’s surface, producing meltglass, microspherules, and shock metamorphism. The modeling shows that the explosive energy released can propel high-velocity airburst fragments to strike the Earth’s surface, producing shock metamorphism and creating superficial craters potentially susceptible to geologically rapid erosion. Although the probability of such airbursts is low, the potential for substantial damage is high, especially in cities.
Determinant of Indonesian Customers Intention to Use Islamic Life Insurance: Theory of Planned Behavior Approach
Authors: Khilmi Slamet , Sunarsih Sunarsih , Febriyanto Ahmad , Yusro Salma Nafisah Zulfa
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the determinants of intention to use Sharia life insurance among Muslims in Indonesia. The total sample size in this study reached 101 participants, determined using the convenience sampling technique. The data analysis technique employed in this research adopts partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The findings of this study indicate that the intention to use Sharia life insurance is determined by attitude and perceived behavioral control. However, religiosity was not found to mediate the relationship between attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm in relation to the intention to use Takaful. This research also provides recommendations for Sharia life insurance companies in Indonesia to enhance their products and services, aiming to foster a positive perception among the Muslim community towards Sharia life insurance.
Community College Psychology Students’ Cooperative Learning Experiences----A Qualitative Analysis By Year In College
Authors: Arra Christopher
Published: June 2024

The goal of the study was to assess the effects of year in college on students’ perceptions of the cooperative learning process. Ninety-six college students completed 5 open-ended questions that asked students about their preferences for cooperative learning activities. Forty-nine first-year students and 47 second-year students participated in the study. A qualitative research design was used. Qualitative analyses compared---by year in college---the 5 open-ended questions. The principal investigator qualitatively analyzed the data for themes and subthemes, high frequency responses, and percentage of response. Some tentative qualitative findings were that first- and second-year students preferred the same types of group work and both groups had overlapping ideas on ways to make group work more enjoyable.
Keywords: cooperative learning, college, year in college
Dialogue with Students as a Valuable Tool in Teacher Inquiry for Professional Development
Authors: Khoza Hlologelo Climant
Published: June 2024

There is a consensus amongst scholars that learning from student feedback depends on how the feedback is sought and used by the individual teachers. Using Hand and Rowe’s (2001) framework of eliciting and using student feedback, the purpose of this self-study was to investigate how I, as a novice teacher educator, can use dialogue with my students to learn about and how to foster student interaction in my biology classroom. I collected data through multiple sources including students’ written feedback, my reflective journal, focus-group interviews with the students, and video-recordings of my teaching. Data was analysed through a narrative approach. Findings indicate that the continuous dialogue with my students helped me learn about student interaction and fostering it in my classroom through a variety of ways. This study also illustrates that the teacher needs to establish trust with students from the onset such that the dialogue cannot only be of professional value to the teacher but also improve the students’ learning. These insights are discussed and recommendations are made in the article.
El arte-cartografía: la obra de arte como mapa de intensidad
Authors: Matti Felipe
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se analiza la caracterización de la obra de arte como un mapa de intensidad que propone Gilles Deleuze en su ensayo intitulado Lo que dicen los niños, recogido en el libro Crítica y clínica. El aspecto cartográfico del arte se vincula con el concepto de desterritorialización y el Cuerpo sin Órganos que desarrolla el filósofo, junto con Félix Guattarí, en Mil Mesetas. Así, el arte-cartografía representa el devenir-mundo del sujeto que transita el Cuerpo sin Órganos y las diferencias intensivas que pueblan el desierto de la multiplicidad. Cada trayecto recorrido es descrito por un mapa artístico donde se plasman las haecceidades y los umbrales de paso de los flujos que penetran los cuerpos desorganizados. El mapa de intensidad sería la representación cartográfica del trayecto que recorre un sujeto inmerso en un espacio hodológico, siendo cada línea del mapa un viaje en un espacio intensivo.
Innovation and Investment Model for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Ukraine
Authors: BERDAR Marharyta M. , YAREMKO-HLADUN Roman A.
Published: June 2024

The research topic, related to the use of an innovation and investment model in entrepreneurship, is relevant because it will contribute to the modernisation and digitalisation of the economy, which would facilitate more efficient use of information technologies and allow automating business processes. In addition, the introduction of an innovative investment model will help to create new markets and promising areas of development, which will support Ukraine’s competitiveness in the international market. The purpose of this study is to analyse innovative approaches and investments that can contribute to the growth and competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine. The analytical method, statistical method, functional method, system analysis, deduction, synthesis, and comparison were used. The current state of entrepreneurship in Ukraine was analysed, including its size, structure and volume of production. Various innovative approaches and technologies that can be used by small and medium-sized enterprises for their development are revealed. The investment environment for small and medium-sized businesses is considered, including an overview of available sources of financing, the quality of the financial market, the availability of state support and other investment instruments. The main challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine in the context of the innovation and investment model are highlighted, and development prospects are considered. The practical significance lies in the use of the identified results, solving issues related to the use of an innovation and investment model in order to bring entrepreneurship to a new level.
Features of the Development of the Microfinance and Credit Monitoring System in Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine
Authors: MURZAIBRAIM Renat , OSMONBETOVA Venera , SANSYZBAEVA Gulimhan , IVASHYNA Svitlana , IVASHYNA Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

This research paper analyses the differences between banking and microfinance business models in the context of credit monitoring systems and funding sources. The purpose of this research was to show the differences in the context of these components of the activities of banks and microfinance organizations (MFOs) on the examples of Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine. The main research methods used were analysis, forecasting and abstraction. The study emphasized the importance of assessing the creditworthiness of clients, including assessment of their financial performance, credit history and other indicators. It was concluded that such analyses are crucial for financial institutions, as they enable them to assess the risk associated with lending and make informed decisions. The article also reviewed the regulatory framework of Kyrgyzstan in terms of credit monitoring of banks and MFOs, differences in their activities depending on the size of the loan, the financial capacity of the borrower, and the collateral assessment process. Also, an idea was formed about the process of financial monitoring in Ukraine, approaches applied in the country. In the process of comparing the two systems, a conclusion was made about their similarities (peculiarities of regulation, fundamental principles of creditworthiness assessment and risk management), but certain differences related to general approaches to monitoring were also noted. The study allows, based on the studied foreign experience, to increase the efficiency of credit monitoring of financial organizations’ clients. It also generally brings new knowledge for the study of the banking and microfinance sectors.
Dynamics of Electronic Word-of-Mouth: Insights from Destination Management Organizations
Authors: MEDEKOVÁ Kristína , POMPUROVÁ Kristína
Published: June 2024

This study investigates destination management organizations' (DMOs) perceptions and engagement with electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in tourism, aiming to understand its impact on destination management and tourist decision-making. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with 46 Slovak and Czech DMOs and quantitative content analysis of eWOM about destinations on popular eWOM platforms - destination websites, Google Maps, and Facebook. The integration of in-depth thematic insights and extensive eWOM data analysis offers a comprehensive understanding of DMO strategies and their effectiveness in eWOM management. While DMO representatives acknowledge the importance of eWOM and claim to actively monitor and respond to it, the content analysis of eWOM reveals a low engagement in terms of the number of reviews and narrative feedback, particularly on destination websites and Google Maps. DMOs appear more active on Facebook, where they engage visitors through contests and respond to reviews and comments, aligning with the interview findings regarding their efforts to manage and respond to eWOM. The discrepancy between the perceived importance of eWOM by DMOs and the actual engagement levels on platforms like Google Maps and destination websites suggests a potential area for improvement in encouraging more narrative feedback and reviews to better manage destination image and visitor experiences. This research contributes to the understanding of eWOM from the supply side by focusing on DMOs' strategies and responses to online tourist feedback, an area previously underexplored in eWOM research within the context of tourism management.
THE DESIGN OF DETERGENT WASTE PROCESSING USING INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Sabila Liya Yusrina , Amelia Shinta , Ma'arief Shandy Auliya
Published: June 2024

Detergent is a product that is widely used by people to clean clothes. Detergent production contains synthetic dyes which can contain heavy metals such as Cadmium (Cd) and Cuprum (Cu). The remainder of detergent use is usually thrown into the environment, in this case we call it detergent waste. Detergent waste must be managed and processed in an environmentally friendly manner and meet environmental quality standards before being discharged into the environment. The heterogeneous Fenton method will be chosen to solve this problem. Another challenge that needs to be resolved is time inefficiency in processing detergent waste, where users have to carry out processing manually so they spend time just waiting for the waste processing process. In this research, a tool was created to overcome the problem of batik waste processing using an Internet of Things-based waste processing reactor using color sensors. This research concludes that a detergent waste processing reactor using an IoT-based color sensor can carry out the detergent waste degradation process. The reading of the color sensor value is carried out based on the frequency value on a scale of 20%. Determining the RGB value mapping on the color sensor is the result of 20% scaling of the frequency read by the sensor with mapping values R = 35 Hz, G = 53 Hz, and B = 40 Hz as the lower limit and R = 159 Hz, G = 174 Hz, and B = 211 Hz as the upper limit of the frequency read.
Spotlight on the Human Face of Migration
Authors: Tomšej Jakub , Pastorek Štěpán , Grygutis Jakub , Florczak Izabela , Hanzal Vojtěch , Kártyás Gábor , Sokoli Engjell
Published: June 2024

The globalisation of the world has a human face – growing international migration. This phenomenon raises various issues in the fields of politics, demography, culture, religion and national security... and of course labour law. This book examines the topic from several different angles, such as the precarisation of migrant workers, equal treatment, posting of workers, and forced labour. The final chapter analyses the legal system of the Czech Republic and its challenges with regard to international migration. The team of authors is composed of academics from various Central and Eastern European countries.
Analysis and Comparison of ESG Strategies and Their Impact on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Automotive Industry: A Case Study of Renault and Volkswagen
Authors: Bezerra Luiz Thiago do Sacramento , Santos Zildomar Carvalho , De Oliveira Manoel Alcides Caminha Mendes , Moreira Anderson Luiz Souza , Junior Paulo Maurício Gonçalves , Oliveira José Mário Alexandre Melo , Domingues Marco Antônio de Oliveira , Do Carvalho Fernando Ferreira , Medeiros Erika Carlos , Lyra Marília Regina Costa Castro , Do Nascimento Rogéria Mendes
Published: June 2024

This study analyzes and compares the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) strategies adopted by Renault and Volkswagen, focusing on how these practices are integrated into their global operations and their impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Renault and Volkswagen demonstrate significant commitments to reducing CO2 emissions and promoting sustainable practices. Renault focuses on expanding its electric vehicle lineup and improving energy efficiency, while Volkswagen emphasizes the goal of 100% renewable energy usage by 2025. Social initiatives include Renault's diversity and inclusion programs and Volkswagen's community development efforts. Both companies maintain strong governance systems to ensure transparency and ethics, aligning with various SDGs. This analysis highlights the different approaches each automaker takes towards achieving sustainability goals, reflecting their specific priorities and contexts within the automotive industry.
Desafios del derecho agrario en el contexto actual del cambio climático, transición energética y digital en España
Authors: Sanchez Hernandez Angel
Published: June 2024

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Local food systems in public procurement. A comparative law analysis in four European Union Member States
Authors: Kapała Anna , Muñoz Gómez Marta J.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the considerations is to determine whether and to what extent selected EU Member States – Italy, France, Spain and Poland – have applied legal instruments to promote local food systems through public procurement, and in particular, whether they have provided for the food rooting criterion, or the localism food clause which favours food which is geographically closer, to be applied in the public procurement process. The conducted considerations show that both Italian, French and Spanish legislations have incorporated the localism food clause, though differently in each Member State: in Italy and Spain through regional regulations that explicitly contain such a clause, in France – through the institutionalisation of the Territorial Food Projects. Direct delivery, or even “local” products criteria are also included in the school food regulations of these countries. In Poland, on the contrary, neither the public procurement law nor food school regulations favour local food systems, as they completely ignore the criteria relating to the characteristics of the products related to their origin or delivery method.
New records of Clusiidae (Diptera: Schizophora), including three species new to North America
Authors: Lonsdale Owen
Published: June 2024

New geographic records are presented for species in all three subfamilies of Clusiidae (Diptera: Schizophora) from Nearctic, Palearctic, and Neotropical localities. Three Neotropical species are recorded in the United States for the first time: Sobarocephala lucibilis Lonsdale & Marshall, Sobarocephala oculata Lonsdale & Marshall, and Heteromeringia fumipennis Melander & Argo. Emendations to the key to Nearctic Sobarocephala are provided to accommodate the newly recorded species, and figures and diagnoses of both are given. The boundaries of Sobarocephala affinis (Johnson) and Sobarocephala muesebecki Sabrosky & Steyskal are discussed.
Mathematical media art protection and paper-cut animation design under blockchain technology
Authors: Su Lei , Fang Mengqi , He Gaoxiang
Published: June 2024

At present, blockchain technology has been applied in different fields such as finance, Internet of Things, logistics, digital copyright, and public services, but it is less used in the field of paper-cut animation. Therefore, the use of blockchain to design a copyright protection model for paper-cut animation design based on blockchain is crucial to the progress of paper-cut animation design. This work combines various technologies such as blockchain technology, InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) technology, and Node.js technology for integrated design and construction. In the construction of the system model, the relevant characteristics of the blockchain technology show that the blockchain can provide a new and effective method for digital copyright protection; IPFS technology provides distributed and secure storage for massive amounts of oil and gas knowledge and achievement data; and the relevant development framework and technical characteristics of Node.js technology provide a reliable programming foundation for the realization of the system. Through the construction of the digital copyright protection system model based on the blockchain, the blockchain technology is used to realize the protection of the digital copyright of the knowledge achievement data of paper-cut animation. The results show that the model has high security and is more economical and practical than other existing models. In a word, the copyright protection model of paper-cut animation design based on blockchain can fully protect the rights and interests of creative talents of paper-cut animation, thereby promoting the progress of paper-cut animation industry.
Structural characteristics and high-temperature friction properties of a solid metal surface with a laser-melted coating of high-entropy alloy
Authors: Ju Yao , Konoplianchenko Ievgen , Pu Jiafei , Dong Qi , Zhang Zhengchuan
Published: June 2024

This article presents the results of a study on composite coatings based on high-entropy FeCoNiCrCuNb alloys with varying niobium content obtained through high-speed laser cladding. The primary objective of the research is to investigate the influence of composition on the structure, mechanical characteristics, and behaviour of the coatings. Microstructure analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The microhardness, shear strength, and coefficient of friction of the composite coatings were examined. It was demonstrated that the microstructure of the coatings is characterized by fine grains and the presence of columnar crystals. An increase in copper content leads to a transition to the face-centred cubic phase with elevated niobium content, influencing the mechanical characteristics. It was revealed that niobium-containing composite coatings exhibit improved mechanical properties and wear resistance. The incorporation of niobium synergistically affects the mechanical characteristics of the alloys. The obtained results hold practical applicability in the field of engineering, particularly where wear resistance and strength are of paramount importance.
Green extraction of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) phytochemicals: Prospective strategies and roadblocks
Authors: Putra Nicky Rahmana , Aziz Ahmad Hazim Abdul , Mamat Hasmadi , Rizkiyah Dwila Nur , Yunus Mohd Azizi Che , Irianto Irianto , Qomariyah Lailatul
Published: June 2024

Nutmeg is a spice with a rich history of culinary and medicinal use. It boasts a diverse array of bioactive compounds with promising health-promoting properties, making it a subject of increasing interest in the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. This review article delves into the sustainable extraction of nutmeg phytochemicals, exploring the opportunities and challenges associated with adopting green extraction techniques. The primary objective of this review is to shed light on the potential of green extraction methods to harness nutmeg’s valuable phytochemicals while mitigating the environmental impact of the extraction process. The article then explores the prospective green extraction strategies, highlighting various techniques and technologies that have been applied successfully to obtain nutmeg phytochemicals in an eco-friendly manner. Through case studies, we present real-world examples that showcase the viability and advantages of green extraction approaches. Nevertheless, the road to sustainable nutmeg extraction is challenging. In conclusion, this review underscores the potential of green extraction techniques to unlock the vast promise of nutmeg phytochemicals. By identifying prospective strategies and addressing associated roadblocks, we offer insights into a more sustainable and environmentally responsible approach to nutmeg extraction, providing valuable guidance for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers seeking to enhance the nutmeg sector while prioritizing sustainability and environmental conservation.
Labor productivity of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) farmers in Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ani Susi Wuri , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu , Masyhuri
Published: June 2024

The Central Java Province primarily contributes to the national food supply, serving as one of the leading centers for rice production on Java Island. In this province, there are indications of a shift in the interests of the population working in the agricultural sector, moving to other sectors outside of agriculture. This phenomenon is related to the productivity of the workforce in the agricultural sector. Based on that reality, this research examines labor productivity in lowland rice farming in the Central Java Province. The study is conducted in the Grobogan and Sukoharjo Regencies of the Central Java Province, involving 250 samples of lowland rice farmers. The research results indicate that labor productivity in lowland rice farming in the Central Java Province is 1.5 quintals/human working day. The labor productivity Hayami–Ruttan model analysis shows that seed, urea fertilizer, and pesticide quantity, as well as planting area, formal education, and age of farmers, significantly and positively influence labor productivity in wet rice farming in Central Java. The independent variables in the model can explain 61.12% of the variation in labor productivity in wet rice farming. Farmers must pay attention to these variables when implementing wet rice farming practices to increase labor productivity and profit so they do not have to work outside the agriculture sector.