bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proses Pengawasan Dewan Kemakmuran Masjid dalam Peningkatan Kegiatan Santri
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad Fajar , Sadiah Dewi , Herman Herman
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menggambarkan proses pengawasan DKM Rahmatan Lil’alamin dalam perumusan standar pengawasan, hasil pengawasan, dan tindakan perbaikan DKM Rahmatan Lil’alamin terhadap penyimpangan yang ada dalam kegiatan santri untuk meningkatkan kegiatan santri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi langsung ke lapangan dan analisis dokumen sehingga diperoleh data yang valid. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses pengawasan terhadap kegiatan santri telah diterapkan dengan baik dilihat dari penetapan standar-standar pengawasan yang terbukti dengan adanya Standar Oprasional Prosedur (SOP) yang dijadikan standar dalam proses pengawasan. Kemudian hasil pengawasan terhadap kegiatan santri dibuat laporan yang tersusun rapih dalam bentuk Laporan Pencapaian Sasaran (LPS) yang akan dibahas untuk bahan evaluasi ketika diselenggarakan rapat. Kemudian ada tindakan perbaikan yang dilakukan oleh DKM Rahmatan Lil’alamin yaitu tindakan perbaikan langsung dan tidak langsung. Tindakan perbaikan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kegiatan agar lebih baik dan produktif.

 

The purpose of this research is to know and describe the DKM supervision process of Rahmatan lil'alamin in formulating the standards of supervision, supervision, and corrective action of DKM Rahmatan lil'alamin against the irregularities present in the activities Students to increase the students ' activities. The research method used is a descriptive method, with the technique of collecting data through interviews, direct observation to the field and analysis of documents so that the data obtained valid. The results of this study showed that the supervision of the students ' activities has been properly applied in the determination of the supervisory standards proven by the standards of the oprational procedures (SOP) as standard in monitoring process. Then the results of supervision on the activity is made a report that arranged neatly in the form of Target Achievement Report (LPS) that will be discussed for evaluation material when held tightly. Then there is a corrective action performed by DKM Rahmatan Lil'alamin which is a direct and indirect corrective action. This corrective action is performed to improve activities to be better and productive.
Manajemen Pelayanan Pada KBIH Salman ITB Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Calon Jamaah
Authors: Hapsoh Ai Siti
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen pelayanan pada KBIH Salman ITB dalam meningkatkan kualitas calon jamaah haji dan umrah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan, memaparkan, dan menjelaskan data-data mengenai manajemen pelayanan pada KBIH Salman ITB dalam meningkatkan kualitas calon jamaah haji dan umrah yaitu melalui wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi kepada objek penelitian tersebut. Dari hasil temuan penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa manajemen pelayanan yang diberikan oleh KBIH Salman ITB terhadap tingkat kualitas calon jamaah sudah memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan calon jamaah. Dan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada para jamaah haji dan umrah KBIH Salman ITB telah bekerjasama dengan pihak yang telah berkompeten, yaitu bekerjasama dengan Safari Suci yang beralamat pada Jl. Taman Citarum No. 11 Bandung, maka dari itu berbagai perlengkapan dan fasilitas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan para calon jamaah haji dan umrah. Dan untuk pelayanan, KBIH Salman ITB berusaha semaksimal mungkin untuk mendengarkan keluh kesah para calon jamaah haji dan umrah atas ketidaknyamanan ketika pra/sebelum haji dan pasca/setelah haji. Selain daripada itu, kelebihannya pada KBIH Salman ITB ini mengadakan Kafillah Alumni atau ikatan alumni haji untuk sekedar bersilaturahmi antara jamaah haji dengan jamaah haji lainnya sehingga terus terjaganya komunikasi dengan baik, baik itu dengan pihak KBIH Salman ITB maupun dengan jamaah lainnya.

This study aims to determine how the service management at KBIH Salman ITB in improving the quality of prospective Haj and Umrah pilgrims. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach that aims to describe, explain, and explain data about service management at KBIH Salman ITB in improving the quality of prospective pilgrims for Haj and Umrah, namely through interviews, observation, documentation study of the research object. From the findings of this study, it can be seen that the service management provided by KBIH Salman ITB to the quality level of the prospective congregation has met the needs of the prospective congregation. And to improve services to the Haj and Umrah pilgrims, KBIH Salman ITB has collaborated with competent parties, namely in collaboration with Sacred Safari which is located at Jl. Citarum Park No. 11 Bandung, therefore a variety of equipment and facilities to meet the needs of prospective pilgrims and Umrah pilgrims. And for services, KBIH Salman ITB tries its best to listen to the complaints of prospective pilgrims for Hajj and Umrah for the inconvenience of pre / before Haj and after / after Hajj. Apart from that, the advantages of KBIH Salman ITB are holding an Alumni Kafillah or Hajj alumni association to just stay in touch between pilgrims and other pilgrims so that good communication is maintained, both with KBIH Salman ITB and with other congregations.
Sistem Pelayanan Kesehatan Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya
Authors: Haqqoni Anas Dliya'uddin
Published: September 2020

Masjid adalah pusat kegiatan kaum muslimin. Berbagai permasalahan seperti politik, ekonomi, sosial masyarakat, dan peradilan dibahas dan diselesaikan bersama-sama di masjid. Karena fungsi masjid sejatinya adalah untuk menyatukan, melayani, dan mensejahterakan umat. Salah satu yang harus diperhatikan oleh masjid adalah sosial masyarakat, yang membahas mengenai kesejahteraan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Maka masjid sudah seharusnya memiliki sistem yang bergerak di bidang itu, agar fungsi masjid bisa terealisasikan. Penelitian ini membahas sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang ada di Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang ada di Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya serta faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan oleh Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya kepada masyarakat dan jama’ah secara keseluruhan sudah baik. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung yaitu adanya dokter-dokter spesialis, peralatan medis yang cukup lengkap, serta tersedianya obat-obatan. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah ruang antrian yang kurang luas.

A mosque is the hub of Muslim activities. Problems such as politics, economics, social communities, and justice were discussed and settled together in the mosque. For the purpose of mosques is for the unification, service, and welfare of the masses. One of the concerns of mosques is the social community, which talks about the welfare and public health. Then mosques should have a system of movement in that area, for the function of mosques to be realized. The study discussed the health care system found in polyiclinic of the Al-Falah Surabaya Mosque. The goal of this study is to find out how the health-care system in the polyiclinic of the al-falah mosque there is surabaya and its supporting factors and constrainting. The study employs descriptive qualitative methods. From the study, it was concluded that the health care system given by the polyiclinic of the Al-Falah Mosque Surabaya to the community and the jama 'ah overall was good. Supportive factors include doctors, adequate medical equipment, and medical supplies. The retard factor was a small queues
Building Adaptive Information Security Systems
Authors: Ozhiganova Marina , Kalita Anastasia , Tishchenko Yevgeny
Published: September 2020

Over the past few decades, there has been a tendency to minimize the participation of the human factor in various production and other processes. This process is implemented through the mass introduction of automated systems (as). Human-machine complexes are currently the most common and productive model of activity. At the current stage of technology development, the process of automating human activity is only an intermediate link on the way to eliminating human intervention. This area is most relevant for systems that pose a potential and real threat to human health and life (for example, manufacturing plants) or systems that are threatened by humans (for example, transport systems). The second group includes the sphere of information security. The paper considers the basics of the organization of adaptive information protection systems, their application areas for information protection and methods of building models of adaptive information protection systems in the context of their application for protection against leakage through technical channels. The authors propose a generalized model of the adaptive information protection system against leakage through technical channels.
UN CAMINO HACIA LA INCLUSION
Authors: Lopez Morales Liliana , Vergez Madiedo Maria Alexandra
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo se realizó con el fin de analizar la situación de los estudiantes y las instituciones educativas frente a la inclusión. En el desarrollo de la investigación se puede conocer el proceso de inclusión de un niño con necesidades educativas especiales y como la institución ha ido transformado su desarrollo curricular con el fin de brindarle todas las condiciones esenciales para su crecimiento a nivel personal, social e intelectual; con repercusiones que lleguen a los espacios de educación inicial. Este trabajo se realizó durante un lapso de ocho meses (marzo-noviembre de 2019), en la cual se recolecto información pertinente y necesaria sobre el estudiante, la institución y especialistas externos quienes estaban apoyando la inclusión.

La inclusión es de anotar que debe permitir el aprendizaje y la participación de todos los estudiantes que puedan sentirse excluidos por alguna necesidad educativa especial o por alguna forma diferente de aprender. Es así, que la institución objeto genera espacios para recibir niños que han estado apartados del sistema escolar por diversas circunstancias, encontrando allí una enseñanza diferente con posibilidades para los niños, pero esto a la vez debe servir para generar una nueva estructuración de los distintos planes escolares, el PEI, el manual de convivencia donde se muestre la manera en que se realiza la atención de todos los estudiantes sin exclusiones, así mismo es necesario determinar la cantidad de estudiantes con alguna necesidad especial que puedan tener ya que un mayor número significaría contar con un manejo con personal de apoyo dentro de los salones de clases además de las modificaciones estructurales que eso implicaría.
SEGURIDAD Y SALUD EN EL TRABAJO ENFOCADA AL MUNDO DE LAS ORGANIZACIONES
Authors: Moreira Castellanos Carlos
Published: September 2020

Se hace recorrido desde los conceptos claves en la gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo de manera estratégica, hasta la definición de organización y estrategia, facilitando la comprensión de la relación existente entre la estrategia organizacional y la gestión del Talento Humano en cualquier organización. Así como una breve introducción a los procesos que intervienen en el desarrollo del talento humano, desde la atracción y selección hasta la evaluación de desempeño, que intervienen y permiten medir el desarrollo de los trabajadores y el cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados en los diferentes cargos y que se puede alinear a los indicadores de gestión del SG-SST.

Finalizando con la reflexión sobre el rol del profesional en gestión de la seguridad y la salud laboral y la importancia de vincular la estrategia organizacional con la estructura del área de talento humano y la gestión estratégica de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, para maximizar el aporte de esta a los objetivos de la empresa, a través del desarrollo de una planeación estratégica enmarcada en el desarrollo de un proceso lógico y por etapas, basado en la mejora continua. (SG-SST) (ministerio del trabajo decreto número 1072 de 2015, 2015).
An accelerated method for determining «self/non-self» microorganisms in the agglutination reaction
Authors: Bukharin O. V. , Perunova N. B. , Chainikova I. N. , Ivanova E. V. , Andryushchenko S. V.
Published: September 2020

A simple accelerated method for determining «self/non-self» microorganisms by using the agglutination reaction (RA) and therapeutic/prophylactic serum (Immunoglobulin complex preparation, lyophilized IgG, IgA, IgM immunoglobulins, developed by CSC Immuno-Gem, Moscow) is proposed to test for pathogenic, opportunistic and dominant probiotic Bifidobacteria spp. In parallel, all the microbial cell cultures examined were registered in the databases of Russia-wide and international collections and tested by the intermicrobial “self/non-self” recognition method, previously developed by us. 16 collection strains of various microorganisms were assessed by the RA with relevant therapeutic and prophylactic serum. Biological samples were obtained from the collection bacterial strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum 791, Escherichia coli LEGM-18, Klebsiella pneumoniae 278, Lactobacillus fermentum 90T-C4, Bifidobacterium longum MC-42, Escherichia coli M-17, Shigella sonnei 177b, Shigella flexneri 170, Escherichia coli 157, Staphylococcus aureus 209, Candida albicans 10231 and Salmonella serovar Enteritidis ATCC 10708. In addition, cell cultures obtained from the Museum of the Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UB RAS such as Bifidobacterium longum ICIS-505, Lactobacillus acidophilus ICIS-1127, Bifidobacterium bifidum ICIS-202, Bifidobacterium bifidum ICIS-310 were also included into the study. To assess microbial peptidoglycan foreignness, the intermicrobial “self/non-self” recognition method was also used based on inducing metabolites produced by the “dominant” test strain Bifidobacterium longum MC-42 after pre-incubation with metabolites collected from the studied cell cultures (“associates”) followed by established “dominant-associate” feedback loop. The data were evaluated by assessing change-fold in reproduction (growth/replication) and adaptation (biofilm formation and anti-lysozyme test) of microbial cultures in accordance with the described technique followed by comparing these two methods for intermicrobial “self/non-self” recognition. All the RA data were found to fully agree with those obtained after previous studies by using intermicrobial “self/non-self” recognition method coupled to “dominant-associate” system. Moreover, compared to analogous “intermicrobial recognition” method (5 days), ease of use and test timeframe (24 hours) allow to consider RA attractive for screening studies to select strains for scientific and industrial purposes.
Clinical and microbiological aspects of Enterococcus faecalis -associated urinary tract infection
Authors: Zaitseva E. A. , Luchaninova V. N. , Melnikova E. A. , Komenkova T. S. , Krukovich E. V.
Published: September 2020

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) pose a topical problem in current pediatrics, pediatric nephrology and urology. UTI-related clinical picture in childhood is polymorphic, sometimes being rather subtle and undergoing age-related alterations. Often, typical UTI symptoms in infants and early children occur subclinically. Microbe-related properties colonizing renal tissues dominate among multiple factors involved in developing UTI. In recent years, etiological importance of Enterococcus faecalis in development of such pathology has been increased. Our study was aimed to determine E. faecalis-associated UTI clinical signs in children and unveil their biological characteristics to assess related clinical significance.Materials and methods. A nine-year pediatric UTI etiological pattern was analyzed at the multi-field pediatric clinical hospital. The data of clinical and laboratory examination of 181 UTI children aged 3 days — 17 years as well as microbiological study of 60 E. faecalis strains isolated from patient urine were obtained.Results. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of E. faecalis-associated UTIs, age-related symptom variability were presented. Intoxication syndrome and fever dominated in the clinical picture. A key sign of UTIs was gastrointestinal dysfunction (in neonates and one-year old children) and pain in the lumbar region (in older children). The identified clinical symptoms may be associated with the upper urinary tract damage, concomitant diseases, and the pathogenic properties of E. faecalis. Other symptoms were less common, consistent with the age of the patients, although abdominalgia was equally common for children in all age groups. Data of laboratory examination also depended on patient age. It was noted that leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were more prominent in neonates, whereas leukocyturia and proteinuria — in children above one year of age, although clinical symptoms in this group were less overt. Specific features and clinical significance of E. faecalis-related biological properties, their heterogeneity related to patient age were noted. An inter-connected relationship between pathogenic properties and certain clinical symptoms was revealed.Conclusion. The dominant clinical symptoms (intoxication, hyperthermia), indicative of damaged upper urinary system is related, among other things, to the set of E. faecalis biological properties exerting tissue-damaging and cytolytic effects.
Comparative prevalence of atopic sensitization in the border areas between Russia and Finland
Authors: Markelova O. A. , Vezikova N. N. , Zilber E. K.
Published: September 2020

Current century has been highlighted with rise in allergic pathology, and environment markedly affects it via epigenetic mechanisms. Allergy research in Russia and Finland has been conducted for many years, of larger scale recorded in the latter, still being maintained over time. Atopy prevalence was studied in the border areas in both countries. The level of total, dietary, inhaled IgE level, as well as dietary and inhalation range were examined. The Phadiatop® radio allergen sorbent test was used (UniCAP 1000 v.2; Pharmacia Upjohn, Uppsala, Sweden), with cut-off point: IgE 110 kUA/l and sIgE 2.5 kUa/l and 0.35 kUA/l. The study was subdivided into 2 stages conducted during 2003 and 2010/2012 timeframe. Stage 1 was performed with children from Finland (n = 344), Russia (n = 427), aged 7—15 years, whereas stage 2 — 180 subjects (Finland, n = 98, Russia, n = 82). Results. It was found that total IgE level was higher in children from Finland. The inhaled sIgE in 2003 and 2010/2012 was higher among children from Finland, p = 0.019 and p = 0.027, showing temporal elevation. In 2003, dietary sIgE was higher among those from Finland (27.6% and 18.3%), p = 0.142, whereas in 2010/2012 it was decreased by 2- and 3-fold in subjects from Finland and Russia, respectively. In 2003, high atopy rate against dust mites, cats, timothy, birch, and dogs was found in Russia, which was increased at stage 2. Such parameter was most evidently elevated for timothy — by 2-fold, p = 0.176, wormwood — by 2-fold, p = 0.312, equine allergens — by 2-fold, p = 0.563, canine allergens — by 1.5-fold, mite — by 1.5-fold, p = 0.220. In 2003, atopy rate in Finland to canine allergens reached 26.5%, timothy — 24.5%, birch — 20.4%, feline allergens — 20.4%. In 2010, it was noted rise in atopy rate mainly to dust mites — by 2-fold, equine allergens — by 2-fold. In 2003, atopy rate in Russia to egg, milk, and wheat prevailed, whereas in Finland it was mostly found against milk, nuts, wheat, eggs, in both cases declined in dynamics. Interestingly, no sensitization to fish in subjects from Russia and Finland was observed at both stages. Finally, at the stage 2 dietary atopy rate was declined in both countries. Differences in atopic sensitization as well as during 7—9 year follow-up observation were preserved between both subject cohorts from Finland and Russia.
Genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus in Nanaian region, Khabarovsk territory
Authors: Kotova V. O. , Balakhontseva L. A. , Bazykina E. A. , Trotsenko O. E. , Beldy V. N. , Kirdyashova S. E.
Published: September 2020

Examining hepatitis C virus (HCV) genetic diversity is of great practical value in molecular-epidemiological research, development of specific prevention tools and outlining therapeutic strategy.Aim of study is to conduct analysis assessing HCV genetic diversity circulating in the Nanaisky Region population of the Khabarovsk Krai.Materials and methods. Molecular and genetic analysis of 124 blood plasma samples collected from patients with chronic hepatitis C and residing in the Nanaisky Region was conducted.Results. HCV RNA was detected in 84 (67.7±4.2%) plasma samples. HCV genotyping was performed by using AmpliSens — 1/2/3 kit (Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russian Federation) showing that genotype 3 dominated reaching up to 47.6±5.4% (n = 40). Genotype 1 was detected in 30 patients (35.7±5.2%). In thirteen cases (15.5±3.9%) genotype 2 was identified, whereas in one case (1.2±1.2%) virus genotype was unidentified. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences in HCV NS5B region was performed for 60 HCV RNA-positive samples showing subtype ratio as follows: 1a — 2 (3.3±2.3%), 1b — 23 (38.3±6.3%), 2а — 6 (10.0±3.9%), 2с — 2 (3.3±2.3%), 3а — 27 (45.0±6.4%). Three samples of RF2k/1b recombinant virus were found. A full NS2 gene nucleotide sequence was cloned in order to confirm the recombination event. The results of the study evidence about a need to conduct multi-layered examination of patients with chronic hepatitis C by using current molecular and biologic methods for assigning proper therapy coupled to characteristics of the isolated strains. The data regarding hepatitis C virus molecular and genetic parameters circulating in the Far Eastern Federal District, Russia, are rather limited. Hence, our study would contribute to current understanding of HCV genovariants circulating in territories of the Russian Federation.
Immune system parameters in chronic opisthorchiasis patients related to genes polymorphisms associated with developing ischemic heart disease
Authors: Grigoryeva S. A. , Kosyreva A. N. , Stepanova T. F. , Stepanova K. B. , Bakshtanovskaya I. V. , Kalgina G. A. , Kurlaeva L. V.
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study was to identify a relationship between gene polymorphisms associated with developing coronary heart disease and pathogenetic features of opisthorchiasis invasion. There were compared laboratory parameters assessing the immune system functioning (lymphocyte immunophenotyping evaluated by flow cytometry, serum immunoglobulin and cytokine concentrations, non-specific resistance indices) in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis (caused by Opisthorchis felineus) of various genotypes with/without mutations in loci associated with predisposition to developing coronary heart disease. It was found that opisthorchiasis invasion leads to altered immune response in patients bearing mutations in genes encoding adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1, hypoxia induced factor 1 alpha, and apolipoprotein E affecting relevant protein functions compared to those without minor alleles. Upon that, patients carrying mutation in the adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 gene, turned out to have lowered cellular (decreased count of cytotoxic lymphocytes) and humoral immunity (decreased immunoglobulin A level). Patients with opisthorchiasis bearing a rare allele in the hypoxia-induced factor 1 alpha gene were featured with activated adaptive immunity and reduced activation of innate immunity. Moreover, mutated apolipoprotein E gene was coupled to decreased activity of cellular immune response, which exacerbates the course of opisthorchiasis invasion, whereas minor allele of the rs1333049 polymorphism in the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor gene results in no significantly altered immune response. Thus, gene-related dysfunction of certain proteins may allow opisthorchiasis invasion to elicit multidirectional changes in immune response, so that approaching the normal range of diverse immune-related parameters during chronic parasitic invasion may not necessarily be interpreted as a “protective” effect exerted by any of gene polymorphisms. The most prominent changes in immune response of patients with chronic opisthorchiasis were detected in case of polymorphism in the factor-induced hypoxia-1 alpha gene. The data obtained suggest that the aforementioned genetic polymorphisms may predispose to manifestation of certain opisthorchiasis clinical forms.
Generation and evaluation of specific activity and authenticity of recombinant vaccine designed preventing against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Kaloshin A. A. , Zimina E. M. , Kalinichenko E. O. , Mihailova N. A.
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study was to obtain and characterize a recombinant vaccine for the immunoprophylaxis of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A set of two highly immunogenic P. aeruginosa recombinant proteins was used to create related vaccine. The first vaccine component was presented by recombinant outer membrane protein F (OprF), whereas the second one — by recombinant atoxic exotoxin A (toxoid). These antigens allowed to develop vaccine inducing immune response against the surface bacterial cues and promote production of neutralizing antibodies against exotoxin A, one of the most dangerous P. aeruginosa pathogenicity factors. Recombinant proteins were synthesized in Escherichia coli cells and isolated by two-step purification. In case of recombinant OprF protein, it was initially (stage 1) isolated as a precipitate containing hydrophobic fraction of producer cell-derived proteins, whereas for recombinant toxoid we purified inclusion bodies. At stage 2, a Ni Sepharose column affinity chromatography was performed. Next, purified recombinant proteins were dialyzed against buffer solution containing 50 mМ Tris-HCl (pH 9.0) and 0.01% Tween 20 followed by filtration sterilization. Three lots of the Pseudomonas Recombinant Vaccine (PRV) were obtained for the study, wherein the recombinant antigens were absorbed with aluminum hydroxide. Recombinant OprF and toxoid protein in vaccine formula were used at a dose of 25 μg and 50 μg, respectively. Absorption completeness of the recombinant antigens within the vaccine was evaluated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with PRV preparations concentrated by ultrafiltration in spin columns. Authenticity of recombinant vaccine was assessed by using customized method by desorbing antigens followed by ultrafiltration concentration in spin columns. Final concentrated desorbed vaccine preparations were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, which allowed to confirm presence of specific recombinant antigens in the vaccine. The experimental PRV series demonstrated specific activity (protective properties) after inoculation in animals (mice) by using a dual vaccination protocol, wherein mice were immunized intraperitonially twice with a two-week interval. Next, two weeks later mice were infected by toxigenic P. aeruginosa strain PA-103 culture cells. The index of protective efficiency (IE) for experimental vaccine series was at least a value of three (IE: 3.0–3.3) that was by 1.5-fold higher than that for using single vaccine components (IE: 2.0–2.3). Thus, we confirmed an additive effect of using a set preparation to protect against infection caused by toxigenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
Route-coupled pathogenicity and immunogenicity of vaccinia virus variant inoculated mice
Authors: Shchelkunov S. N. , Sergeev A. A. , Kabanov A. S. , Yakubitskyi S. N. , Bauer T. V. , Pyankov S. A.
Published: September 2020

Vaccinia virus had played a key role in the global smallpox eradication. However, in case of mass vaccination with various Vaccinia virus strains severe side effects were revealed sometimes ending up with lethal outcomes, especially in immunocompromised humans. Hence, in 1980 the World Health Organization recommended to cancel smallpox vaccination after declaring about smallpox eradication. Over the last 40 years, human population virtually lost immunity not only against smallpox, but also against other zoonotic orthopoxvirus infections, such as monkeypox, cowpox, buffalopox, and camelpox. All of them pose a represent increasing threat to human health and heighten a risk of emerging highly contagious viruses due to natural evolution of previous zoonotic orthopoxviruses. In order to prevent development of small outbreaks into spreading epidemics and, thus, to decrease a risk of emergence due to natural evolution of highly pathogenic for humans orthopoxviruses, efforts should be applied to develop safe new generation live vaccines based on Vaccinia virus with target virulence genes inactivation. These strains should be examined in laboratory animal models inoculated via different routes. Currently, Vaccinia virus often becomes attenuated to create live recombinant vaccines due to inserting target DNA sequences into the virus virulence genes resulting in their inactivation. Vaccinia virus strain LIVP used in the Russian Federation as smallpox vaccine as well as derivative attenuated variant LIVP-GFP created by using genetic engineering methods with inactivating its thymidine kinase gene were examined. Such viruses were intracerebrally inoculated into suckling mice at doses of 101 or 102 PFU/animal for neurovirulence assessment. Adult mice were infected intranasally, subcutaneously or intradermally at doses of 107 or 108 PFU/animal and clinical manifestations were analyzed for 14 days. On the 28th day after the onset, blood serum samples were collected from individual mice to measure virus specific antibody level by using ELISA. It was shown that recombinant Vaccinia virus strain LIVP-GFP displayed markedly lowered neurovirulence and pathogenicity for mice as compared to parental LIVP. Finally, intradermal route turned out to demonstrate the most safe and effective profile for immunization with both examined Vaccinia virus strains.
Rise in 2017-2018 measles morbidity in Serbia and Northwest Russia
Authors: Stoiljkovic V. D. , Bichurina M. A. , Lavrentieva I. N. , Filipovic-Vignjevic S. B. , Bancevic M. D. , Zheleznova N. V. , Antipova A. Y.
Published: September 2020

In 2017, the WHO registered 23,927 measles cases in 44 out of 53 countries in the European region. In 2018, measles incidence rate increased up to 82,599 cases registered in 48 countries of the region, with a large number of measles-associated deaths. Overall, 72 measles fatalities were registered in 10 European countries, including Serbia (15 cases).Aim of the study: to characterize 2017—2018 epidemiological upsurge of measles incidence rate observed in the Republic of Serbia (RS) and the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. During the 2017—2018 season, 944 serum samples were collected from patients with measles, rubella, or exanthematous diseases in the NWFD and tested in the Laboratory of Virology at the St. Petersburg Regional Centre for Measles Surveillance (SPbRC). In 2017—2018, 2,946 serum samples from the Republic of Serbia were analyzed in the SPbRC by using ELISA with IgM measles test system (Vector-Best, Russia; or Siemens, Germany). Urine and swab samples were examined by RT-PCR and used for isolation and genotyping of measles viruses.Results. From 2017 to 2018, 5,798 measles cases were registered in the RS, among which 2,946 were laboratory-confirmed (serological testing and/or PCR). Unvaccinated subjects or those with unknown vaccination status accounted for majority of the cases. Children under 5 years of age and adults aged 30 years and over dominated among measles patients. During this season, 15 deaths were reported. Several genotypes of measles virus circulated in the RS, e.g. В3 Dublin, D8 Gir Somnath, and D8 Herborn. In 2018, 109 measles cases were recorded in the NWFD, 5 of which were imported from abroad. Among patients, adults comprised 64.2%, wherein 74.3% were covered by unvaccinated subjects or those with unknown vaccination status. Rise in measles incidence rate linked to multiple importations of various measles virus genotypes: В3 Kabul; B3 Dublin; D8 Frankfurt; D8 Cambridge; and D8 Gir Somnath.
Long-term monitoring of tick-borne viral encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis in the Komi Republic
Authors: Gnativ B. R. , Tokarevich N. K.
Published: September 2020

Our study was aimed at analyzing data combining objective epidemiological, zoological and entomological research intended to determine the environmental and epidemiological patterns of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) foci, as well as the role of anthropogenic factors in epidemic manifestations to improve anti-epidemic activities. Long-term data on the abundance of ticks flagged from vegetation in various districts of the Komi Republic (RK) have been analyzed. The prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Borrelia burgdorferi (agent of LB) in ticks picked from vegetation, humans and domestic animals in various districts of the RK was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR-ELISA). In addition, the data on 1994–2017 tick-bite incidence in RK, 1970–2017 TBE incidence, and 1997–2017 LB incidence were also examined and correlated with the impact of forest transformation on the TBE incidence. The rise of tick population in the southern districts of RK and its northward expansion were noted. It is also shown that the RK territory, where tick bites are registered, expanded significantly. Mean annual tick-bite incidence rate in 2006–2017 vs. 1994–2005 timeframe was increased by 4-fold. RK regions where deforestation took place, the tick-bite incidence was increased, and the local TBE incidence elevated distinctly. In recent years, there was a rise in TBEV prevalence in ticks, collected either from vegetation or from humans and animals. In 2006–2017 and 1970–1981, mean annual TBE incidence rate increased by a 11- and 36-fold as compared to that one registered in 1982–1993. In recent years, the most severe focal TBE forms began to be recorded. In 1996–2017, the TBE mortality rate was 2.3%. The main features of LB epidemiology mimic those found in TBEV. In particular, the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks flagged from vegetation increased from 9.5% to 34.7% in 2010 vs. 2017, respectively. A sharp rise in LB incidence rate and profound northward shift for bacterial range, where this infection started to be registered only in recent years, were noted. Both TBE and LB demonstrated marked occupation-related pattern. The need in conducting task-oriented prophylaxis of tick-borne infections is necessitated by taking into account geographic specifics. The RK northern regions should be considered as potentially endemic, where tick bites in human population has recently begun to be reported.
Safety of dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) in Asia: a systematic review
Authors: Wan Ismail W. R. , Abdul Majid M. Sh. , Li H. Y. , Madrim M. F. , Abdul Rahim S.Sh. S. , Jeffree M. S. , Azhar Z. I. , Ghazi H. F. , Hassan M. R.
Published: September 2020

The use of the vaccine in Asia is still very much limited and remained controversial due to its safety, which has yet been properly assessed and evaluated. Hence, the objective of this review is to assess the safety of the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine of the efficacy trials conducted in Asia. A total of 309 related articles were generated from the electronic database search using relevant keywords and only four of the articles were selected for the final review process. The seroprevalence at baseline of the participants involved in the studies was between 50 percent and 80 percent. In terms of the safety of the CYD-TDV vaccine, injection site reaction (pain, swelling, erythema) recorded a relative risk (RR) at 95% CI of (0.46—1.76) and systemic reactions (fever, headache, myalgia) also with RR at 95% CI of (0.89—1.81) were detected among the participants. Among the four studies reviewed, three studies reported some severe adverse effect experienced by the participants with RR at 95% CI of (0.92—2.11). In terms of the immunogenicity, high GMT values were reported for DENV-2 at 67.8 (95%CI of 64.8-70.8), DENV-3 at 73.1 (95% CI of 69.9-76.3) and DENV-4 at 65 (95%CI of 62-67.9) where even though lower values were reported it is consistent with other published studies on the immunogenicity of the CYD-TDV against the DENV serotypes. This review showed that the CYD-TDV can be considered for use in Asia, but with several conditions and following current safety recommendations.
Saposin D acting on macrophage bacteriostatic function in experimental tuberculosis infection
Authors: Shepelkova G. S. , Evstifeev V. V. , Ergeshov A. E. , Yeremeev V. V.
Published: September 2020

The protection against tuberculosis infection is largely determined by the ability of host tissue macrophages to limit the growth and spread of mycobacteria. Able to multiply within the host macrophages, mycobacteria have developed a number of protective mechanisms preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion, thereby evading damaging effects of lysosomal enzymes. Saposins are small, acidic, thermostable, non-enzymatic glycoproteins that participate as co-fac-tors in degradation of short oligosaccharide head group glycosphingolipids. Saposins A, B, C and D are formed in acidic endosomes due to cleavage of initial prosaposin molecule. The effect of saposins on human immune response is mediated by their involvement in presenting mycobacterial antigens on CD1 molecules. Preliminary studies with electron microscopy allowed to uncover saposin D-bound damaging effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in acidic environment. These data allowed us to suggest that saposin D is an important protective component fighting against TB infection. The aim of the study was to explore how saposin D deficiency might affect formation of anti-tuberculosis immune response and ability of macrophages to inhibit M. tuberculosis growth. Materials and methods. Interstitial pulmonary macrophages and peritoneal macrophages were isolated from wild type C57BL/6 strain and saposin D deficient C57BL/6-SapD-/- mouse strains. Results. It was found that as compared to macrophages from mice, macrophages from wild type strain significantly better controlled mycobacteria growth in vitro. To study an opportunity of compensating for deficient saposin D in peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6-SapD-/- mice, a saposin D gene-bearing lentiviral vector was created. Transfection of SAPD-deficient peritoneal macrophages with expression vector compensated for saposin D deficiency in such cells and restored bactericidal function. The mechanisms of action for current anti-TB drugs are mediated by various metabolic pathways in mycobacteria (inhibited biosynthesis of fatty acids, arabinogalactan, peptidoglycan and protein; inhibition of DNA-dependent processes, proton pumps and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases). Conclusion. It was shown that saposin D deficiency affects activation of macrophage bactericidal function in vitro. Our study data may be a prerequisite for biologically substantiated potential of using a vector construct bearing natural human protein gene such as saposin D, as a new anti-tuberculosis drug.
Treatment of human papillomavirus infection in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Smirnov V. S. , Kudryavtseva T. A.
Published: September 2020

The first reports about HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) were appeared to the 1980s. By 2017 more than 37 million people were living with HIV. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is universally spread, with some estimates showing that about 1% of the sexually active population having genital warts. Human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced infection frequently accompanies the clinical course of HIV and can manifest itself in a full spectrum of clinical-pathologic forms ranging from common warts to malignant neoplasia. Due to the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy, the number of patients with a combined infection (HIV+HPV) is steadily increasing. Here we review current clinical treatment options for HPV manifestations. High-dose antiretroviral therapy does not impede HPV treatment, and can even improve its efficacy in some cases. The topical administration of imiquimod, an immune response modifier, is an effective conservative treatment in HIV-infected patients with HPV. The immunomodulation therapy of imiquimod can serve as an effective alternative of aggressive chemical and mechanical procedures. Maximum efficacy with the lowest replaces rates may be expected from combined use of mechanical ablation methods with a subsequent follow up treatment with imiqui-mod. The best therapeutic result is expected in HIV-positive patients who are received high-dose antiretroviral treatment. The advantages of Vartocid, the modified Russian equivalent of the generic imiquimod.
Impacto da intenção de engravidar sobre a amamentação na primeira hora pós-parto
Authors: Rocha Adriene da Fonseca , Gomes Keila Rejane Oliveira , Rodrigues Malvina Thais Pacheco
Published: September 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar o impacto da intenção de engravidar sobre a amamentação na primeira hora pós-parto. Trata-se de estudo transversal, recorte da pesquisa “Nascer no Brasil: inquérito nacional sobre parto e nascimento” realizada pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Participaram do estudo 5.563 puérperas e seus conceptos. Utilizou-se Regressão Logística Múltipla para análise dos dados. Apresentaram menor propensão para início da amamentação na primeira hora de vida: puérperas que não queriam engravidar (OR = 0,85; IC: 0,73-0,98) e se declararam insatisfeitas ao tomarem conhecimento da gravidez (OR = 0,72; IC: 0,61-0,83). A intencionalidade da gravidez afetou o comportamento materno quanto à amamentação, sendo que mulheres com gestações não intencionais apresentaram menor propensão a iniciarem a amamentação na primeira hora pós-parto, evidenciando que falhas no planejamento familiar podem impactar negativamente, de forma indireta, a amamentação. Logo, há de se melhorar a qualidade dos serviços de planejamento familiar, a fim de reduzirem-se gestações não intencionais e prevenir desfechos desfavoráveis para a saúde materno-infantil, como o início tardio da amamentação.
Enfrentando uma nova realidade a partir da síndrome congênita do vírus zika: a perspectiva das famílias
Authors: Mendes Alessandra Gomes , Campos Daniel de Souza , Silva Letícia Batista , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes , Arruda Luana Oliveira de
Published: September 2020

Resumo Este artigo apresenta os resultados parciais da pesquisa sobre o enfrentamento às implicações sociais da síndrome congênita do vírus zika (SCVZ). Buscou-se analisar as repercussões trazidas pelo diagnóstico na vida das famílias atendidas num Instituto de referência no Rio de Janeiro, a partir de um estudo qualitativo, conduzido pela análise temática de conteúdo das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas junto a 15 mães, no período de outubro de 2017 a junho de 2018. Os resultados revelaram o desamparo de famílias e profissionais de saúde frente à revelação de um diagnóstico difícil e inédito; a ausência de estruturação de uma rede de referência e contrarreferência no atendimento às crianças quando recém-diagnosticadas; a imposição de uma rotina exaustiva de cuidados, gerando isolamento social, exaustão e sobrecarga dessas mulheres; e a dificuldade de acesso às políticas públicas. Entre os recursos de enfrentamento a essas adversidades destacaram-se a religiosidade e a articulação com outras mulheres que atravessavam a mesma experiência.
Vulnerabilidade de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis
Authors: Andrade Juliane , Ignácio Mariana Alice Oliveira , Freitas Ana Paula Freneda de , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima , Duarte Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo
Published: September 2020

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as dimensões da vulnerabilidade de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres associadas às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Estudo transversal com 150 mulheres, entre 2015-2017. Aplicou-se questionário estruturado, realizou-se exame ginecológico para diagnóstico de Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, papiloma vírus humano e coleta de sangue periférico para detecção de HIV, hepatite B e sífilis. A variável desfecho foi a ocorrência de infecção sexual e as variáveis independentes compõem o referencial da vulnerabilidade, nas dimensões individual, social e programática. Análise de dados foi realizada por modelo de regressão logística. Os resultados mostraram alta prevalência das infecções (47,3%) e apenas variáveis relacionadas à vulnerabilidade individual se associaram de forma independente ao desfecho: chance de infecção foi quatro vezes maior entre mulheres com antecedente de infecção; nunca ter realizado exame sorológico aumentou a chance em quase três vezes e ter tido relação sexual com homem nos últimos 12 meses aumentou em quase nove vezes a chance do desfecho. Concluiu-se que essas mulheres são vulneráveis às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em decorrência da vulnerabilidade individual.
Condições sanitárias entre domicílios indígenas e não indígenas no Brasil de acordo com os Censos nacionais de 2000 e 2010
Authors: Raupp Ludimila , Cunha Geraldo Marcelo , Fávaro Thatiana Regina , Santos Ricardo Ventura
Published: September 2020

Resumo Este estudo apresenta uma comparação entre domicílios indígenas e não indígenas no tocante à presença de infraestrutura de saneamento básico em áreas urbanas e rurais do Brasil a partir dos dados dos Censos de 2000 e 2010. As análises se basearam em estatísticas descritivas e modelos de Regressões Logísticas Múltiplas (RLM). Os resultados indicam o aumento da presença dos serviços analisados nos domicílios brasileiros ao longo da década. Não obstante, domicílios indígenas apresentaram piores condições sanitárias em 2010. Esgotamento sanitário foi o serviço mais precário registrado em ambos os Censos, com ocorrência ainda menos pronunciada nos domicílios indígenas. Os modelos de RLM confirmaram os resultados descritivos, no sentido de que os domicílios indígenas apresentaram piores condições quanto à presença de serviços de saneamento básico. Observou-se que, em algumas áreas, como o Norte urbano, Sudeste urbano e Centro-Oeste rural, houve o aumento das desigualdades entre domicílios indígenas e não indígenas de 2000 para 2010. O presente estudo não apenas aponta para condições de saneamento menos adequadas em domicílios indígenas no Brasil, como também evidencia a persistência de expressivas desigualdades associadas à cor ou raça.