bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGALAMAN SPIRITUAL K.H. BISRI MUSTOFA DALAM NASKAH MANASIK HAJI: TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA (The Spiritual Experience of KH Bisri Mustofa in Manasik Haji Manuscript : A Literary Socio- logical Review)
Authors: Karim Fatkhullah Faiz
Published: August 2017

Di dalam naskah lama tersimpan ide, pemikiran, dan pengalaman penulisnya yang hidup di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Naskah Tuntunan Ringkas  Manasik Haji (TRMH) karya K.H. Bisri Mustofa (KHBM) mengungkap kondisi sosial masyarakat berkaitan dengan pengalaman spiritual haji penulisnya ke Tanah Suci pada masa transportasi kapal laut sebagai kendaraan pilihannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap pengalaman spiritual KHBM dalam naskah TRMH. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian filologi dan sosiologi sastra. Dari hasil penelitian filologi (kritik teks), dihasilkan kesalahan tulis substitusi sebanyak 16 kata, adisi 2 kata, omisi 3 kata, dan transposisi 2 kata atau kalimat. Naskah TRMH adalah potret pengalaman spiritual KHBM dan juga potret pengalaman spiritual haji masyarakat Indone- sia pada saat itu. Berdasarkan analisis sosiologi sastra diperoleh lima hasil penelitian tentang pengalaman spiritual KHBM, yaitu pengalaman spiritual 1) saat di kapal laut menuju Tanah Suci, 2) saat berziarah ke makam Rasulullah, 3) saat menyaksikan jemaah bertabaruk (mengharap berkah) berlebihan di Tanah Suci, 4) saat menyaksikan air Sumur Aris yang kering, dan 5) saat salat arba’in (salat empat puluh waktu).Abstract:In the old manuscripts,  ideas, thoughts, and author’s experience are stored. The manu- script of Tuntunan Ringkasan Manasik Haji (TRMH) by  Bisri Mustafa (KHBM) reveals social conditions associated with author’s pilgrimage spiritual experiences to the Holy Land author dur- ing sea transportation as choice. The present research  aims at revealing the KHBM spiritual experiences in TRMH manuscript. In addition, this study also uses philological research method and literary sociology.  The results of the research indicate that in philological research (textual criticism) there are  substitution errors  as many as 16 words, 2 words addition, 3 words omission and two words or sentences transposition. TRMH manuscript is a portrait of a KHBM spiritual experience  and also people’s pilgrimage spiritual experience that occurred at that time. Based on the analysis of literary sociology it can be summarized that there are  five findings  on KHBM spiritual experience: his observation on spiritual experience during on voyage to the Holy Land, during a pilgrimage to the tomb of the Prophet Muhammad, during the pilgrims praying to expect a plentiful blessing(tabarruk) in the Holy Land, during the experience to see the Aris dry well , and during prayer forty time praying (Arba’in)
KEARIFAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN PUANG RIMAGGALATUNG DALAM LONTARAK BUGIS (The Wisdom of Government System of Puang Rimaggalatung in “Lontarak Bugis”)
Authors: Darmawati Besse
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kearifan sistem pemerintahan Puang Rimaggalatung dalam Lontarak Bugis. Melalui representasi kearifan tersebut, beliau mengamanatkan falsafah hidupnya dalam menjalankan roda pemerintahan. Berkenaan dengan tujuan tersebut, penulis menerapkan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif melalui analisis struktural dengan teknik penelitian baca- simak dan observasi. Data penelitian ini adalah nasihat Puang Rimaggalatung yang tertuang dalam Lontarak Bugis, sebuah buku yang ditulis oleh Muhammad Sikki dan diterbitkan oleh Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan pada tahun 1995. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh kearifan Puang Rimaggalatung dalam sistem pemerintahannya berupa nasihat yang mengedepankan prinsip berikut: (1) jujur, (2) adil, (3) tegas, (4) saling memaafkan, (5) taat adat, dan (6) sopan santun. Representasi kearifan tersebut dapat diwariskan kepada generasi mendatang dalam mengemban amanah. Kehadiran pemerintah yang arif sangat didambakan masyarakat untuk menciptakan harmonisasi antara pemerintah dan warganya.Abstract:This study aims at describing the wisdom of government system of Puang Rimaggalatung in “Lontarak Bugis”. Through the wisdom representation, he suggested his philosophy  in running the government. Regarding this, the writer applies descriptive qualitative method through struc- tural analysis with reading-listening and observation techniques. The data were taken from the advices of Puang Rimaggalatung in “Lontarak Bugis”, a book written by Muhammad Sikki and published by Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan in 1995. The study indicates  that the wisdom of Puang Rimaggalatung in his government system is in form of some advices with basic principles, such as: (1) honesty, (2) fairness, (3) firmness, (4) forgiving, (5) obedience to custom, and (6) respect. The wisdom can be inherited to the next gen- eration in carying out people’s mandates.  The presence of wise government is expected to create good  harmony between the government and its people.
PENGARUH CERITA DETEKTIF TRADISIONAL BARAT TERHADAP NOVEL INDONESIA MENCARI SARANG ANGIN DAN KREMIL KARYA SUPARTO BRATA (The Influence of West Traditional Detective Stories on Indonesian Novel: Suparto Brata’s “Mencari Sarang Angin” and “Kremil”)
Authors: Sungkowati Yulitin
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan hubungan Suparto Brata dengan cerita detektif tradisional Barat dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh cerita detektif tradisional Barat terhadap novelnya yang berjudul Kremil dan Mencari Sarang Angin. Kajian ini termasuk ke dalam studi sastra bandingan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa Suparto Brata merupakan pembaca cerita-cerita detektif tradisional Barat. Pengaruh bacaan tersebut terhadap novel Kremil dan Mencari Sarang Angin yang ditulisnya teridentifikasi dari fakta cerita berupa alur (yang terdiri atas tiga bagian: kejahatan, pelacakan, dan pembongkaran misteri), penokohan (penjahat, korban, pelacak, dan tokoh lainnya), dan latar terisolasi. Akan tetapi, dalam beberapa hal, novel Kremil dan Mencari Sarang Angin menunjukkan penyimpangan atau modifikasi dari cerita detektif tradisional Barat.Abstract:This study focuses on describing the relationship between Suparto Brata as a writer and western traditional detective stories. It also examines their influence on his works: “Kremil” and “Mencari Sarang Angin”. The research is under comparative literary study. The result of the re- search shows that Suparto Brata is the western detective stories reader. Their influence on his works, “Kremil” and “Mencari Sarang Angin”, can be identified from their plot, character, and isolated setting. Firstly, the plot is divided into three parts: criminality, tracing the story, and un- covering the mystery. Secondly,  the characters consist of criminal, victim, and other characters. In some cases, however, “Kremil” and “Mencari Sarang Angin” indicate the deviation or modification of the western traditional detective stories.
TRAGEDI DALAM LIMA CERPEN KARYA MARTIN ALEIDA (Tragedy in Martin Aleida’s Five Short Stories)
Authors: Suwarna Dadan , Priyatna Aquarini
Published: August 2017

Tulisan ini memaparkan teks tragedi sebagai peristiwa atau  keadaan yang dialami tokoh cerita dengan menggunakan pendekatan semiotik guna menjelaskan peristiwa tanda, simbol, serta interpretasi yang menjadi acuan peristiwa kemanusiaan. Tanda, simbol, dan segala ekspresi kebahasaan di dalamnya dipakai sebagai cara teks tragedi dijelaskan. Semioik Eco merupakan model kajian yang menyeluruh karena mengaitkan bahasa, interpretasi maknawi, serta latar belakang yang mengaitkannya dalam kelima cerpen yang dianalisis. Tragedi yang penulis temukan,  antara lain (1) tragedi sebagai keadaan, (2) sebagai akibat perbuatan, dan (3) sebagai pilihan sikap. Landasan yang paling kuat atas terjadinya tragedi adalah perbedaan pandangan keyakinan atau ideologi politik yang tidak menguntungkan pihak-pihak yang dikuasainya itu sebagai dampak psikologis dan sosial yang diterimanya.Abstract:The paper attempts to study a tragedy text either  as the event or as the situation experi- enced by characters. The research  applies semiotic approach. The approach is used to explain events in form of sign, symbol and, interpretation referring to humanity’s. The sign, the symbol, and most language expressions are applied to interpret the tragedy text. Eco semiotic is a model of comprehensive study by connecting language,  meaning interpretation, and background  existing in the five short stories.  From the analysis, the writer concludes three types of tragedy, namely: (1) the tragedy as situation, (2) the tragedy as the result of act, (3)and  the tragedy as behavioral choice. The strong background creating the  tragedy is different perception on belief or disadvan- tageous political ideology for those who were controlled as the psychological and social effects they should take.
TRANSGRESI SEKSUAL DALAM NOVEL PARA PENEBUS DOSA KARYA MOTINGGO BUSYE (Sexual Transgression in Motinggo Busye’s “Para Penebus Dosa”)
Authors: Hermawan Ferry Fauzi
Published: August 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan transgresi seksual yang terdapat dalam novel Para Penebus Dosa karya Motinggo Busye. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode deskriptif analitis. Data dari novel dideskripsikan untuk memperoleh gambaran transgresi seksual. Dalam novel tersebut pelanggaran terhadap kebiasaan seksual, norma, dan kelas digambarkan melalui peristiwa seksual yang dialami oleh para tokoh, terutama tokoh perempuan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tokoh perempuan digambarkan banyak melakukan tindak transgresi dibandingkan dengan tokoh laki-laki. Analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa narator dalam novel memiliki sikap bias gender dan mendukung nilai-nilai patriarki dengan lebih banyak memberikan hukuman terhadap tokoh perempuan yang melakukan tindak transgresi seksual dibandingkan kepada tokoh laki-laki.Abstract:The paper aims at describing sexual transgression in Motinggo Busye’s “Para Penebus Dosa”.  The research applies descriptive method. The sexual transgressions elaborated in the novel are presented through the deviance of sexual affairs, social norms, and class experienced by the characters, especially female character. The result of the research shows that  female characters described in the story committed a lot of sexual transgressions compared to male characters. The study also reveals that the narrator in the novel  has a gender bias act. Moreover, he supports values of patriarchy by giving more punishment to the female committing sexual transgression act than to the male.
CITRA PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL THE HOLY WOMAN: SATU KAJIAN FEMINIS (The Image of Woman in “The Holy Woman”: A Feminism Study)
Authors: Nur Sakinah R. Myrna
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini memaparkan citra perempuan dalam novel The Holy Woman karya Qaisra Shahraz. Citra perempuan yang terungkap dalam novel The Holy Woman tidak lepas dari isu-isu seputar perempuan yang berada dalam kekuasaan patriarki, yaitu kekuasaan yang cenderung menempatkan perempuan sebagai korban. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori feminis yang diungkapkan oleh Mary Ann Ferguson yang melihat feminitas perempuan sebagai perempuan yang diidealkan (The Submissive Wife) dan perempuan sebagai objek seks (The Sex Object). Hasil yang ditemukan adalah citra The Submissive Wife atau perempuan yang diidealkan menunjukkan perempuan sebagai istri atau anak perempuan yang dapat memberikan kebahagiaan dan ketentraman untuk keluarganya, dan The Sex Object atau perempuan sebagai objek seks telah menunjukkan adanya politik dan kekuasaan patriarki.Abstract:This research is aimed at explaining how the image of woman in  Qaisra Shahraz’s “The Holy Woman”. It dwells on women’ issues in a patriarchal power, that is, treating women as victims. The study applies  Mary Ann Ferguson’s feminism theory. Her view  considers that woman feminism is from (a) the submissive wife (idolized woman) and (b) the sex object (woman as sex object). The research concludes that (a) the submissive wife  —either as wife or as daughter—can give happi- ness and peace for her family;(b) the sex object   indicates that there has been  an involvement both a political and a patriarchal power.
POLA AKHIR EMPAT CERITA PENDEK (The Ending Pattern of Four Short Stories)
Authors: Sobihah Rasyad Abdul Rozak
Published: August 2017

Cerita pendek sebagai karya fiksi memberikan berbagai kemungkinan pembacaan dan pemaknaan kepada para pembacanya. Pengarang yang cerdas selalu memberikan peluang kepada para pembaca dengan menyusun peristiwa secara beruntun dan berlogika. Pengarang menyadari kecerdasan para pembacanya. Kualitas cerita pendek ditentukan oleh cara pengarang memosisikan para pembacanya. Logika cerita fiksi tidak dirasakan sebagai pembohongan oleh pembaca. Atas dasar logika cerita fiksi itu penulis menelusuri gaya pengarang dalam melibatkan pembaca untuk berpikir setelah cerita dalam cerpen itu diselesaikan pengarang. Gaya pengarang menyelesaikan cerpen pada umumnya mempunyai kesamaan dalam hal memosisikan pembaca sebagai orang yang cerdas. Dari  empat buah cerpen yang dianalisis pada intinya pengarang menyisakan peristiwa yang harus dilanjutkan oleh pembaca dengan meninggalkan petunjuk yang berarti. Pembaca dimungkinkan menyusun cerita berdasarkan bagian penutup cerpen. Pengarang telah menyelesaikan ceritanya dan pembaca memulai ceritanya. Tentu saja muncul keragaman gaya akhir yang disajikan pengarang.Abstract:Short story as a fiction gives  various possible interpretations to its readers.  A smart author  always gives opportunity to his readers by constructing structured events. He realizes that his readers are smart. The quality of a short story is determined by how the author puts his readers. A logical fiction is the story that is not considered as   lies and deception by its readers.  Regarding that,  the writer attempts to trace  authors’ style in making the readers involve in order to  recon- struct the story. Generally, authors’ style in finishing the story has something in common in term of how they put them as smart readers. The main point from the four short stories is that the authors give a space of  some events that  can be interpreted by their readers by leaving some important clues.  It is possible for readers to reconstruct a story based on the ending of  the story. The author has completed the story while the reader starts to reconstruct the story. Indeed, there will be vari- ous ending style  made by the author.
RELIGIOSITAS TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL NADZAR- NADZAR JIWA KARYA BUDI SULISTYO EN-NAFI (The Main Character’s Religiosity in Sulistyo En-Nafi’s Novel “Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa”)
Authors: Sulton Agus
Published: August 2017

Novel Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa karya Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi menggambarkan religiositas tokoh utamanya.Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi secara deskriptif sikap religiositas tokoh utama yang terdapat dalam novel Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Metode ini dipandang sesuai dengan masalah dan tujuan penelitian yang telah ditentukan. Metode ini berusaha mendeskripsikan sejumlah masalah religiositas dalam novel Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa karya Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi.Sumber data penelitian ini adalah novel Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa karya Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2009. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan dapat diperoleh hasil penelitian, yaitu sikap religiositas tokoh utama yang digambarkan berupa hubungan tokoh utama dengan Tuhan, hubungan tokoh utama dengan sesama manusia, dan hubungan tokoh utama dengan hakikat hidup. Bertitik tolak dari hasil tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa novel Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa karya Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi berisi kisahperjuangan sosok Anas dalam mencapai harapannya untuk sukses.Abstract:Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi’s Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa describes main character’s religiosity. This study intends to gain information regarding main character’s religiosity depicted  in the story. The study employs a descriptive method. The method is as considered suitable to the problem and the aim of the study. This method attempts to describe a number of religiosity problems in Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi’s Nadzar-Nadzar Jiwa. The data source of this study is Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi’s novel  “Nadzar- Nadzar Jiwa” published in 2009.The result of the analysis reveals that the attitudes of main character’s  religiosity  were depicted in the form of God’s relationship with the main character, the relationship of main character with fellow human beings, and the relationship of main character with the essence of life. Based on the findings, it is concluded that Budi Sulistyo En-Nafi’s Nadzar- Nadzar Jiwa contains the story of Anas’ life struggle, as the main character, in his expectation to succeed in life.
MORFOLOGI SASTRA LISAN TOBATI (The Morphology of Tobati Folktale)
Authors: Sriyono Sriyono
Published: August 2017

Masyarakat Tobati memiliki kekayaan sastra lisan. Sebagian besar sastra lisan Tobati masih tersebar secara lisan walaupun sudah ada beberapa cerita yang telah dibukukan.Di samping sebagai upaya pendokumentasian sastra lisan, penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran yang jelas tentang morfologi sastra lisan Tobati berdasarkan teori Vladimir Propp. Dari hasil analisis dongeng yang berjudul Tant Ridah diketahui bahwa terdapat tujuh belas fungsi pelaku dan lima lingkaran tindakan dalam cerita rakyat tersebut. Adapun nilai moral yang terkandung dalam cerita tersebut adalah perlunya menjaga sikap amanah terhadap tugas yang dibebankan kepada kita dan keyakinan bahwa dibalik kesulitan selalu ada kemudahan. Fungsi-fungsi yang ada di dalam cerita merupakan refleksi kompleksitas berfikir masyarakat.Abstract:The people of Tobati has varieties of folktales. Most of the folktales in Tobati  has  been spread orally even though some of them have been documented in written record. Besides as an effort to document folktale, the aim of the research tries to describe the morphology of the folktale based on Vladimir Propp’s structure. From the analysis, it is known that Tobati’s “Tant Ridah” consists of seventeen  functions and five spheres of action in it. The moral value of the folktale  is that we should obey every task given to us. In addition, we should believe that there are always some positive things in every single problem that comes to us. The functions stated in the story are as   reflections of thinking  complexity of such community.
IDEALISME KWEE TEK HOAY TENTANG SISTEM PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS BUDAYA TIONGHOA DALAM CERITA PENDEK “RUMA SEKOLA YANG SAYA IMPIKEN” (Kwee Tek Hoay’s Idealism in Establishing A Tionghoa-Culture Based System of Education in “Ruma Sekola Yang Saya Impiken”)
Authors: Hapsari Dyah Eko , Hariyanti Rosana
Published: August 2017

Sebagai bagian dari masyarakat multietnis di Indonesia, etnis Tionghoa mengalami berbagai tekanan dan diskriminasi.Secara internal, mereka juga mengalami persoalan identitas terkait dengan jarak budaya antargenerasi yang mengarah pada melemahnya identitas kultural Tionghoa di kalangan kaum mudanya. Kwee Tek Hoay merupakan satu tokoh Tionghoa yang memiliki gagasan pemertahanan dan pelestarian identitas tersebut seperti tercermin dalam karyanya, “Ruma Sekola Yang Saya Impiken”, sebuah cerita pendek mengenai sekolah impian bagi anak-anak Tionghoa. Metode penelitian kualitatif diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Data literer yang ditemukan dideskripsikan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologis, terutama yang terkait dengan kajian mengenai etnisitas Melayu- Tionghoa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep pendidikan ideal bagi anak-anak Tionghoa berupa kurikulum yang komprehensif, dengan ditekankan pada praktik, yang berdasar pada nilai serta falsafah hidup yang berakar pada budaya leluhur. Konsep tersebut merupakan bagian dari resinication.Abstract:As a part of Indonesian multiethnicity in Indonesia, the Tionghoa (Chinese-Indonesian) have undergone various racial discrimination. They also internally have  identity problem  due to intergenerational gap, which leads to weaken the Tionghoa’s cultural identity among their youths. Kwee Tek Hoay is one of the Tionghoa figures having the idea of the retention and preservation of the identity as reflected in his work, “Ruma Sekola Yang Saya Impiken”, a short story about his utopian school for Tionghoa’s children. The applied method is qualitative research. The literary data is described and analyzed by using sociological approach, especially those connected to the study of Malay-Tionghoa ethnicity. The results show that the concept of ideal education for Tionghoa’s children is in the form of a comprehensive curriculum, emphasizing  on the practice, which is based on values and a philosophy of life that is rooted in ancestral cultures. The concept is one of resinications.
ANSIETAS S.E.W. ROORDA VAN EYSINGA DALAM PUISI “HARI TERAKHIR ORANG BELANDA DI PULAU JAWA”: PSIKOANALISIS JACQUES LACAN (Anxiety of S.E.E. Roorda Van Eysinga In the Poem “Hari Terakhir Orang Belanda di Pulau Jawa”: Psychoanalysis of Jacques Lacan)
Authors: Nitayadnya I Wayan
Published: August 2017

Puisi “Hari Terakhir Orang Belanda di Pulau Jawa” yang dibahasakan oleh Panglima Sentot bersumber dari puisi yang berjudul “Ballada Pengutukan” karya  S.E.W. Roorda van Eysinga. Puisi itu menggambarkan adanya konflik kejiwaan yang dirasakan oleh sang penyair. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap ansietas yang dialami oleh S.E.W. Roorda van Eysinga dalam puisi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan, deskriptif, dan penyajian secara naratif. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa ansietas S.E.W. Roorda van Eysinga dilatarbelakangi oleh sikap antipati terhadap kebiadaban dan keserakahan bangsanya. Hal itu menimbulkan kecemasan dalam dirinya akan aksi balas dendam dari kaum pribumi. Sikap antipati dan gejolak ansietas yang ada dalam diri penyair itu disampaikan dengan gaya bahasa simbol, personifikasi, eufemisme, hiperbola, asidenton, dan sinekdoke pars pro toto.Abstract:The poem  “Hari Terakhir Orang Belanda di Pulau Jawa” was reworded by Panglima Sentot based on the poem of  “Ballada Pengutukan”  written by S.E.W. Roorda Van Eysinga. It describes the inner conflict of the poet. The study is indended to reveal the anxiety of the poet in the poem. The applied method is literary, descriptive, and narrative.The result shows that the back- ground of the anxiety of S.E.W. Roorda Van Eysinga was by the antipathy behaviour toward bar- barity and greediness of his own people. It rose  anxiety over himself of  the native’s reprisal. The antiphaty  behaviour  and anxiety of the poet were expressed in symbolic language, personifica- tion, eufemism, hyperbolic,  asydenton, and synechoche pars pro toto.
Novel Siddhartha Karya Hermann Hesse: Pencarian Chiffer-chiffer Transendensi (Siddhartha Novel by Hermann Hesse: The search of chiffers transcendency)
Authors: Anwar M. Shoim
Published: August 2017

Setelah  Perang Dunia I, manusia modern mengalami kegelisahan spiritual.  Novel Siddhartha karya Hermann Hesse merepresentasikan kegelisahan tersebut dalam menemukan kebahagiaan. Fokus permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan usaha manusia untuk menemukan kebahagiaan abadi dalam kerangka filosofis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, sumber datanya adalah teks novel yang dianalisis secara interaktif-dialogis, serta menggunakan eksistensialisme sebagai basis teorinya.  Tampak pada hasil penelitian  bahwa dogma agama yang secara formal telah dipelajari, bahkan dilakukan, dirasakan oleh tokoh utama Siddhartha  belum mampu memberi kepuasan dan kedamaian batin. Tokoh utama, sebagai subjek yang bebas atas dirinya sendiri, dari perspektif eksistensialisme, berusaha keras untuk menawar kenyataan dan ingin mengubahnya sesuai dengan peran kehendak. Pencarian spiritualitas  secara personal dilakukan sang tokoh untuk menemukan dimensi baru dari hakikat kehidupan. Alam dengan segenap isinya menjadi bagian penting dalam menemukan chiffer-chiffer  atau tanda-tanda kebesaran transendensi.
THE RED THREAD IN LEILA S. CHUDORI’S NADIRA AND PULANG (Benang Merah dalam Novel Nadira dan Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori)
Authors: Adji Alberta Natasia
Published: August 2017

Novel Nadira (2015) dan Pulang (2012) karya Leila S. Chudori merupakan dua novel yang dianalisis dalam tulisan ini. Keduanya sama-sama bercerita tentang sebuah keluarga yang berjuang melawan ikatan-ikatan sosial yang kompleks, yang terpusat pada tema-tema cinta yang hilang, kematian orang tua, dan pemikiran idealis sang tokoh utama dalam proses pencarian jati dirinya. Walaupun politik kerap menjadi tema utama dalam karya-karya Leila S. Chudori, kisah- kisah tersebut sejatinya selalu diceritakan melalui perspektif sebuah keluarga. Kajian ini berusaha mencari benang merah dari kedua novel tersebut dengan menggunakan teori intertekstual yang dikemukakan Julia Kristeva dan dengan metode pembacaan cermat (close reading technique). Hasil penelitian merujuk pada perjuangan keluarga yang terdapat dalam kedua novel yang terkait erat dengan struktur  naratif  yang merepresentasikan nilai-nilai budaya kekeluargaan Indonesia dan masih memiliki kecenderungan kental dalam menentukan pilihan hidup seseorang, bahkan seringkali membalik arah hidup mereka.Abstract: Leila S. Chudori’s Nadira (2015) and Pulang (2012) are two novels analyzed in the research. Both  tell the story of a complicated family struggling against social bindings and complexities, centered on the loss of love, the death of a parent figure, and the heroine’s idealistic views the process of finding her true self. Though politics has always been a major force in both of Leila S. Chudori’s most notable works, it is always told from the point of view of a family. This study aims to trace the red thread between those two literary works by applying Julia Kristeva’s intertextual theory and close reading technique in analyzing both novels. The result  of the research shows  that the family struggles contained in both novels are closely related to the narrative structure, which represents the dominant cultural values of Indonesian extended family in determining one’s way of life that often leads to their downfall.
“SI DAYANG RINDU TUNANG RAJA PALEMBANG”: MORFOLOGI VLADIMIR PROPP (“Si Dayang Rindu Tunang Raja Palembang”: Morphology of Vladimir Propp)
Authors: Anggraini Dian
Published: August 2017

“Si Dayang Rindu Tunang Raja Palembang” adalah cerita rakyat dari Provinsi Lampung yang sangat menarik untuk dikaji. Cerita ini menarik dikaji karena cerita ini menyebar di berbagai provinsi yang ada di Pulau Sumatera. Setiap provinsi dengan ciri khas masing-masing menyajikan cerita “Dayang Rindu” yang berbeda. Dengan menggunakan teori Vladimir Propp ini (fungsi pelaku, skema, pola cerita, dan cara pengenalan pelaku), keunikan dan kekhasan bentuk sastra lisan tersebut mampu terungkap. Fungsi yang ditemukan dalam cerita ini berjumlah 13 dengan skema (α) : ξ A D θ a ε E H I V L Q N: (X). Cerita “Si Dayang Rindu Tunang Raja Palembang” hanya memiliki empat lingkaran tindakan, yaitu penjahat, pahlawan, putri, dan donor. Singa Ralang menjadi pahlawan dalam cerita ini. Ia berjuang keras menyelamatkan Kerajaan Tanjung Iran dan juga melindungi Dayang Rindu dari hasrat Pangeran Riyo, raja Palembang. Ketiga belas fungsi tersebut melibatkan tiga pola keinginan, yaitu menyunting Dayang Rindu, menyerang Tanjung Iran, dan melampiaskan dendam karena malu.Abstract: “Si Dayang Rindu Tunang Raja Palembang” is an oral tradition from Lampung Province, which is interesting to study. The writer is interested to analyze the story as it is well known among people in many provinces in Sumatra. Every province with its characteristic has different types of “Dayang Rindu”. Using Vladimir Propp theory, the writer can reveal the character function, scheme, the pattern of the story, the uniqueness, and the exclusivity of the oral tradition. The character functions found in “Si Dayang Rindu Tunang Raja Palembang” are thirteen with scheme (α): ξ A D θ a ε E H I V L Q N: (X). This story only has four spheres of action, namely, villain, hero, princess, and donor (provider). Singa Ralang became the hero in this story. He fought hard to save the kingdom of Tanjung Iran. He also protected Dayang Rindu from Pangeran Riyo, the King of Palembang. The thirteen functions involve three willingness patterns, namely, marrying Dayang Rindu, attacking Tanjung Iran, and taking revenge for shame.
Association between level of HbA1c and lipid profile in T2DM patients attending diabetic OPD at BPKIHS
Authors: Baranwal Jouslin Kishore , Maskey R , Majhi S , Lamsal M , Baral N
Published: August 2017

Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease relate well with each other in type 2 diabetes and it has been proposed that higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes is due to chronic uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Our study aimed to find utility of Hba1c as indicator of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We enrolled 168 T2DM patients in our study and collected venous blood samples in both plain and EDTA vials after a fast of minimum 8 hours. Biochemical analysis was done in fully automated analyzer cobas c311. HbA1c was found to have significant positive correlation with total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride and significant negative correlation with HDL-C and HDL/LDL ratio. The mean value of TC, LDL-C and TG was found to be lower in patients with good glycemic control than those with poor glycemic control. But, mean value of HDL and HDL/LDL ratios were found to be higher in patients with good glycemic control than those with poor glycemic control. These differences were significant at the level of p <0.05. Our study suggests additional use of HbA1c as indicator of dyslipidemia.Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 16-23
A study on occurrence of anemia in primigravida women attending antenatal ward of BPKIHS
Authors: Yadav Upendra , Das B Lal
Published: August 2017

Background: Anemia is identified as a very common nutritional problem in developing countries. Prevalence of micro nutrient malnutrition in respect of iron, iodine and vitamin A is more wide spread then protein energy malnutrition. Pregnancy is a serious burden to the women with the disease for the anemia and places them at increased risk of mortality.Objective: To determine the Hb% level of Primigravida women. To classify status of anemia on the basis of level of Hb%. To find out the association between Hb level and selected background factors. To find out the association between the Hb% level and week of gestation and nutritional pattern.Method: A descriptive and exploring Study design was carried out on 300 primigravid women admitted in BPKIHS, Dharan antenatal ward and every alternate admitted case was selected for the study. The instrument was structured questionnaires with close ended, observation check list and observational sheet. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.Result: Overall occurrence of anemia was found to be 42% among the study population. Mild anemia and moderate anemia were found to be 17% and 25% respectively. Greater proportions of 13-19 yr. women were found to be anemic compares to those > 20 years of age. Greater proportions of anemic women were from the nonsedentary groups than the sedentary. Both mild and moderate anemia were more among Primigravid women with >40 gestational week.Conclusion: Understanding the extent and severity of anemia among pregnant women is essential to the development and implementation of effective anemia control for the normal delivery and healthy baby in Nepal. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3):
A study on factors influencing use of standard precautions in the emergency department at BPKIHS, Dharan
Authors: Aryal Bijaya Devi , Rai B K , Gupta P P , Giri S , Chaudhuri S , Yadav A K
Published: August 2017

Background: This study investigated knowledge of and practices towards standard precautions, among all health care workers working in the emergency department in BPKIHS. Objective: To find out the factors influencing use of standard precautions in the emergency department, BPKIHS Dharan.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the emergency department. Data was collected in three ways: by direct observation of work practice, a questionnaire about knowledge, attitude and skills and through focus group discussions.Results: Regarding standard precaution, majority (54.2%) had partial knowledge. Only 4.2% know the component of it. In practice 69.52% among doctors group washed hand even though once in four observations; 96% used soap. 43.80% used gloves in doctors group in four observation; sisters used gloves the entire times. 74% washed hand after gloves removal (178). 35.23% didn’t recapped needles before disposal from those who used it among doctors group. Recapping is complete in sisters’ group. 60.95%. Sisters had complete proper disposal practice.Conclusion: Knowledge and practice of SP has direct impact in health of patient and HCW. High level of occupational exposure to blood highlights the urgent need for intervention to enhance occupational safety to prevent unnecessary nosocomial transmission of BBD. Strategies for promoting injection safety are necessary if the risk of nosocomial transmission of BBV via unsafe injection practice is to be minimized. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 54-64
A study to evaluate the pattern and types of treatment of tibial plateau fracture at BPKIHS Dharan
Authors: Rijal Raju , Shrestha BP , Khanal GP , Chaudhary P , Paneru S R , Kalawar RPS , Rai P
Published: August 2017

Background: Tibial plateau fractures occur due to a combination of axial loading and varus/valgus forces leading to articular cartilage damage, mal-alignment and secondary osteoarthritis and functional loss.Objective: To know pattern and types of treatment of tibial plateau fractures and effect of fracture pattern on functional outcome.  Method: We conducted prospective study over a period of one year. Fifty-three patients with tibial plateau fractures were presented during that period. Eighteen patients were excluded due to significant polytrauma and major limb injuries. Four patients did not give consent for the study. Thirty-one patients meeting the criteria were enrolled in the study. Two patients were lost during follow up. Remaining patients were evaluated at the end of one year. Data were recorded and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.Result: Among 29 patients, 21 were male. Mean age was 35.07±11.96 years. 55.2% had RTA followed by 31 percent fall injury. 65% were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with plating followed by AK pop cast, cannulated cancellous screw and ilizarov fixation. Bone grafting was done in 3 cases. Twenty-five patients had excellent, two had good, two had fair and no patients had poor result. Three patients (10%) had complications. One had common peroneal nerve palsy, two had wound infections and no patient demonstrated early arthritic changes.Conclusion: Tibial plateau fractures treated with different modalities at our institute has been associated with excellent and good functional outcome at the end of short term follow up.Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 65-72
Application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for diagnosis and management of mandibular condyle fractures
Authors: Acharya Pradip , Ren G , Jaisani MR , Dongol A , Yadav RP , Mahat AK , Dong F
Published: August 2017

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides precise imaging of temporomandibular joint anatomy without superimposition and distortion. CBCT is relatively a new imaging modality and used commonly in dental practice.Objective: The aim of this study is to present detailed imaging of   emporomandibular joint in case of condyle fracture using CBCT for its use in diagnosis, surgical planning and evaluation of treatment.Method: In our study, we evaluated 3D - CBCT (three dimensional Cone beam computed tomography) examinations of 18 patients with mandibular condyle fractures. All of the fractures in our cases were overlooked on CBCT, thus providing axial, coronal and para-sagittal imaging of condylar head including 3D dimensional volumetric images of the condyle and surrounding structures.Result: Out of 18 condylar fracture patient’s CBCT, 8 radiographs showed condylar head (intracapsular) fracture, 2 condylar neck, 8 subcondylar fracture. 13 condylar fractures were unilateral and 5 were bilateral fracture. 9 of the condylar fractures were not associated with the mandible fracture. Out of the 9 associated condylar fractures; 3 were associated with symphysis fracture, 4 associated with parasymphysis fracture, 1 associated with body fracture and remaining 1 associated with mandibular angle fracture. 6 of the condylar fracture showed no signs of displacement of the fractured part and among 12 displaced condylar fracture parts 8 medially and 4 laterally displaced recorded in CBCT. All of the patients were given treatment on the basis of CBCT diagnosis and the results obtained from it was clinical satisfactory without complaints.Conclusion: We concluded that CBCT is the latest sophisticated technology which provides clear image of condylar head without superimposition of other structures, presented supplementary information for a more effective diagnosis and management of mandibular condyle fractures. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 73-81
Awareness of HIV/AIDS among transportation staff linked to Dharan municipality, Sunsari, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Sharmila , Shah T , Lamsal S , Mandal GN
Published: August 2017

Background: Transportation workers are the high risk group for HIV/AIDS infection because they travel frequently; often engage in unsafe sex to reduce their loneliness. The UN predicts 68 million more deaths over the next twenty years if efforts on prevention are not increased.Objective: To assess the level of awareness and to find out association between awareness about HIV/AIDS and selected variables.  Method: Cross sectional, descriptive study with sample of 197 staff (driver, conductor and helper) of buses and trucks of Dharan city. Purposive sampling technique was used with pretested semi structured questionnaire.Result: The median age of drivers was 28.5, conductor’s 28 and helper’s 21 years. Most of them (84.2%) were within the age group of 15-34 years. Majority stays (77.2%) less than a week away from home. Almost 93% had heard about HIV/AIDS. Still 55.8% & 32.5% believed HIV is transmitted by insect bite and having food together respectively. Eighty one percent believed that HIV/AIDS status of self should not be kept secret with sexual partner. More than (56.7%) had first sexual exposure at the age of 19 or below. Maximum (77.4%) had not used condom at first sexual intercourse. About 15.2% has sex with CSWs. Among them 93.3% were frequenting CSW for more than once. Forty percent had multi-partner.Conclusion: Staff of bus & truck of Dharan showed as the awareness level increased, risk taking behavior decreased and attitude became more positive among the transportation staff. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 82-94
Knowledge, attitude and practice about STD/ HIV AIDS among the health attendant staffs of a Tertiary Level hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Poudel Masum , Bhandari R , Uprety S , Chaudhari S , Giri R , Yadav A , Baral DD
Published: August 2017

Background: Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) surveys are possibly the most frequently used studies in health-seeking behaviour research. Health care workers serve as key players in the prevention and management of diseases. Their perceptions, attitudes and practices have implications for the management of diseases in both health centers and communities.Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards STDs among health attendant staffs (health aids and health attendants) of BPKIHS.Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study. The study population was Health attendants and Health aids workers working in different departments of BPKIHS. Modified structured questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS version 11.5 was used for data entry and analysis.Results: 180 Health attendants and Health aids working in different departments of BPKIHS participated in the study. 29% belonged to 30-34 age groups. 86% of study population had heard about STD/HIV/AIDS. 29% expressed that having intercourse without using condoms is known as unprotected sex. Unprotected sexual habits (40.6%), using mask, gloves while working (30%) were methods listed for prevention of transmission of STDs/HIV/AIDS.Conclusion: Majority were from 30-39 years group.86% had heard about STDs/HIV/AIDS. The commonest method to protect from STDs/HIV/AIDS were listed as avoiding multiple sex partners and use gloves and mask while working. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 95-106
From Defect to Dangerous: Has the Door Opened for Recognition of an Addiction-Based Defence in Canadian Criminal Law?
Authors: Lawrence Michelle S.
Published: August 2017

For purposes of liability assessment, Canadian criminal law proceeds on a simplistic conceptualization of addiction. It presumes that the continued use of drugs or alcohol on the part of an addict is willed and deliberate, without regard to the potential impact of neurobiological vulnerabilities or concomitant mental disorders that impair volition and self-control. Not surprisingly, as a result, there is no accommodation within the law of criminal responsibility for the clinical realities of accused persons with these conditions. Significantly, in its 2011 decision in R v Bouchard-Lebrun, the Supreme Court of Canada signalled a willingness to vary this approach. It suggested that, if there were a risk of future dangerousness on the part of the accused by reason of addiction, resort might be had to the defence of not-criminally-responsible-by-reason-of-mental-disorder (“NCRMD”), and the accused might then be diverted from the correctional system to the forensic psychiatric system. It is perhaps obvious that a treatment-oriented response in a health care setting would benefit individuals seeking to overcome addiction. Moreover, to the extent that substance use and criminality are linked, public safety surely would be enhanced through the supervision of recovering addicts under the terms of Part XX.1 of the Criminal Code. Care must nonetheless be taken. It would be a matter of serious concern if the defence of NCRMD came to be used – unwittingly perhaps – as an alternative pathway for the preventive detention of addict populations.
Further Evaluation of Limiting Strain Criteria for Perpetual Asphalt Pavement Design
Authors: Castro Alfredo J. , Tran Nam , Robbins Mary , Timm David H. , Wagner Chris
Published: August 2017

Perpetual asphalt pavements have been designed with single threshold values for the horizontal strains at the bottom of the asphalt concrete layer and for vertical strains on top of the subgrade to prevent the occurrence of bottom-up fatigue cracking and subgrade rutting. Several thresholds have been utilized for design based on laboratory and field test results. Limiting strain distributions were recently proposed for perpetual pavement design instead of single threshold values for controlling the horizontal and vertical strains. These design criteria were developed with data collected from test sections at the National Center for Asphalt Technology pavement test track. The objective of this study was to conduct additional analyses of eight perpetual pavement sections located in different climatic regions, to support the proposed limiting strain criteria. These sections were simulated in the PerRoad perpetual pavement design software to determine the horizontal strains at the bottom of the asphalt concrete layer and the vertical strains on top of the subgrade. The strains were then analyzed to evaluate the proposed limiting strain criteria. Based on the simulations, the limiting horizontal strain distribution above the 60th percentile can effectively differentiate the calculated strain distributions of the eight perpetual pavement sections from those of the test sections that failed due to bottom-up fatigue cracking on the test track. In addition, the calculated vertical strains on top of the subgrade at the 50th percentile were lower than the proposed 200-microstrain limit. These results provide additional support for utilizing the proposed strain criteria in perpetual asphalt pavement design.
Accelerated Load Testing to Compare the Performance of Full-Depth Reclamation with Foamed Asphalt Under Three Environmental Conditions
Authors: Jones David , Louw Stefan , Wu Rongzong
Published: August 2017

Full-depth reclamation (FDR) with foamed asphalt has been successfully used as a rehabilitation strategy in California since 2001. Long-term field monitoring on several projects, combined with a comprehensive laboratory study, resulted in the preparation of guidelines and specification language in 2008. However, the design criteria were essentially empirical, in line with California’s design procedures for this level of rehabilitation project. There has been growing interest in the use of cement, engineered emulsion, and no-stabilizer full-depth reclamation strategies in addition to foamed asphalt, and in the use of mechanistic design in a greater range of rehabilitation projects. Consequently, the research initiative was extended to a second phase, to include accelerated load testing on an instrumented test track constructed with these four FDR strategies. The second phase gathered data for the development of performance models that can be included in mechanistic–empirical rehabilitation design procedures. This paper summarizes the results of three of the 11 tests in this accelerated loading study, which compared the performance of foamed asphalt under three environmental conditions (dry, wet, and at elevated temperature). All three sections performed well; however, performance was clearly influenced by wet conditions and higher asphalt concrete surface temperatures. As a consequence, good drainage and appropriate binder selection need to be considered when undertaking rehabilitation designs with full-depth reclamation.
Thermal Stress Calculation Method for Concrete Pavement Based on Temperature Prediction and Finite Element Method Analysis
Authors: Nishizawa Tatsuo , Koyanagawa Masashi , Takeuchi Yasusi , Kubo Kazuyuki , Yoshimoto Toru
Published: August 2017

A method to predict thermal stress of a concrete slab was developed in this study. In this method, temperatures and thermal stresses in a concrete slab are predicted by solving a one-dimensional heat transfer equation with the control volume method and three-dimensional finite element method (3DFEM). Predicted temperatures were compared with those measured in various regions in Japan to validate the method. The thermal strains calculated with 3DFEM were also compared with those measured in test concrete pavement slabs to confirm the method’s validity. The relative frequencies of thermal stress for one year were obtained from the calculated stresses. In thin slabs (20 and 23 cm), tensile thermal stress at the bottom was greater than those estimated with the current thermal stress equation, which considers internal stress due to the nonlinearity of the temperature profile in the slab. In thick slabs (25 and 30 cm), by contrast, the current thermal stress equation gave almost the same thermal stress as the finite element method did, although the peak time for the maximum tensile stress was delayed in the thick slabs. The proposed method can be applied to a variety of concrete pavement structures under various temperature conditions.