bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Retracted] Network Pharmacology‐Integrated Molecular Docking Reveals the Expected Anticancer Mechanism of Picrorhizae Rhizoma Extract
Authors: Hu Xiaomeng , Zhao Shengchao , Cai Yi , Swain Shasank S. , Yao Liangliang , Liu Wei , Yan Tingdong
Published: September 2022

This study sought to explore the anticancer mechanism of Picrorhizae Rhizoma (PR) extract based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. The potential chemicals of PR were screened through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and relevant literatures. Corresponding targets of active ingredients were found with the help of the UniProtKB database, and therapeutic targets for cancer action were screened with the help of the GeneCards database. We used Cytoscape software to construct the compound‐target‐pathway network of PR extract. We utilized the STRING database to obtain the protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network. We used DAVID database combining Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, molecular docking was employed for initial efficacy checking. We have identified 16 potential active components of PR through screening, involving 112 disease action targets. Utilizing the GeneCards database, 112 intersecting targets between PR extract and cancer were found, which mainly exerts anticancer effects by regulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF), recombinant caspase 3 (CASP3), c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK)/JUN, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and estrogen receptor‐1 (ESR1) with some other target genes and pathways associated with cancer. The major anticancer species are prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, small cell lung cancer, etc. In the molecular docking study, herbactin had a strong affinity for TNF. Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking studies, PR and their compounds have demonstrated potential anticancer activities against several key targets. Our preliminary findings provide a strong foundation for further experiments with PR constituents.
Applying SLAM Algorithm Based on Nonlinear Optimized Monocular Vision and IMU in the Positioning Method of Power Inspection Robot in Complex Environment
Authors: Wang Can , Li Zhibin , Kang Yefei , Li Yingzheng
Published: September 2022

Under China’s Intelligent Electric Power Grid (IEPG), the research on IEPG inspection mode is of great significance. This work aims to improve the positioning and navigation performance of IEPG inspection robots in a complex environment. First, it reviews the monocular camera projection and the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) models. It also discusses the tight-coupling monocular Vision Inertial Navigation System (VINS) and the initialization theory of the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system. Nonlinear optimization for SLAM by the Gauss–Newton Method (GNM) is established. Accordingly, this work proposes the SLAM system based on tight-coupling monocular VINS. The EuRoC dataset data sequence commonly used in visual-inertial algorithm testing in IEPG is used for simulation testing. The proposed SLAM system’s attitude and position estimation errors are analyzed on different datasets. The results show that the errors of roll, pitch, and yaw angle are acceptable. The errors of the X, Y, and Z axes are within 40 cm, meeting the positioning requirements of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Meanwhile, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) evaluates the improvement of positioning accuracy by loop detection. The results testify that loop detection can reduce the RMSE and improve positioning accuracy. The attitude estimation tests the angle changes of pitch, roll, and yaw angles with time under a single rotation condition. The estimated value of the proposed SLAM algorithm is compared with the real value through Absolute Trajectory Error (ATE). The results show that the real value and the estimated value of attitude error can coincide well. Thus, the proposed SLAM algorithm is effective for positioning and navigation. ATE can also be controlled within ±2.5°, satisfying the requirements of navigation and positioning accuracy. The proposed SLAM system based on tight-coupling monocular VINS presents excellent positioning and navigation accuracy for the IEPG inspection robot. The finding has a significant reference value in the later research of IEPG inspection robots.
Improvement of Mechanical Behavior of FSW Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys by Postweld Heat Treatments
Authors: Prabhu S. , Sri M. Naga Swapna , Anusha P. , Saravanan G. , Kannan K. , Manickam Selvaraj
Published: September 2022

AA6262 and AA5456 alloys are welded through friction stir weld (FSW) with process parameters of tool speed of 1200 rpm, welding speed of 25 mm/min, and tool angle of 3 degree. A cylindrical shape HSS-13 tool is used to perform the welding process To improve mechanical properties of tensile strength (TS), yield strength (YS), elongation%, hardness, and wear behavior, postweld heat treatment was conducted on the FSW sample at different temperatures from 300°C to 500°C. The influence of heat treatment (HT) changes the material characteristics. It is observed that the maximum TS (209 MPa) and YS (178 MPa) are identified when maintaining temperature 350°C on the FSW sample. The reduction in elongation of as-welded joints is entirely improved by HT, and the elongation percentage is almost increased to 5% when increasing temperature on the heat treatment process, and hardness test results exhibited that the increased hardness value (120Hv) is found at HT-300°C nugget zone distance of 0 to 5 mm range.
Assessment of Genetic Parameters for Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and TSS Content Results in Melon Line Crosses at Five Maturity Stages
Authors: Amzeri Achmad , Badami Kaswan , Zuhri Amin , Pawana Gita , Suhartono Suhartono , Khoiri Syaiful , Umam Ahmad Syaiful , Asmoro Yudi , Rohmatin Siti , Sa’diyah Halimatus , Badriyah Badriyah
Published: September 2022

Melon breeding is directed at improving the quality of the fruit needed to meet consumers’ demands. The assessment of hybrid melon candidates on important characteristics (vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS) at five maturity stages is needed to get hybrid melon varieties with good fruit quality and determine the right harvest time. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic parameters of vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS contents of D-612 × PK-669 and PK-361 × PK-165 crossings at five stages of maturity. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight genotypes as treatment and three replications, so there were 24 experimental units. The eight melon genotypes were G1 = D-612 × PK-669, G2 = PK-669 × D-612, G3 = D-612, G4 = PK-669, G5 = PK-361 × PK-165, G6 = PK-165 × PK-361, G7 = PK-361, and G8 = PK-165. The content of vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS was observed at five maturity stages, namely, at 55 DAP, 60 DAP, 65 DAP, 70 DAP, and 75 DAP. The right harvest time for the eight genotypes tested was maturity stage 4 (70 DAP) because it had the highest vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS contents compared to other maturity stages. The inheritance of vitamin A and C content was not affected by the maternal effect, while TSS was influenced by the maternal effect. The vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS content characteristics had higher phenotypic diversity coefficients than genetic diversity coefficients, while heritability values in the broad sense for the three melon genotypic characteristics ranged from 0.613 to 0.968. Crosses of PK-165 × PK-361 can be used to assemble hybrid melon varieties that have high vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS contents because they have positive values for heterosis and heterobeltiosis for the three characteristics.
An Evaluation Method of Road Link Functionality Using Individual Trajectory Data and Weighted Network Analysis
Authors: Shim Jisup , Yeo Jiho
Published: September 2022

Road links within a city are hierarchical according to their structure and function. Upper-level road links, such as highways and arterials, are designed to maintain higher mobility and traffic flow, while lower-level road links should be more accessible. However, depending on the origin-destination demand pattern (O-D), drivers’ route choice, land use, and urban infrastructure, the actual usage pattern of roads could be different from the designed intention. This difference ultimately puts a load on certain road links and causes traffic jams. In order to handle this issue, it is necessary to create an appropriate evaluation method for the functionality of road links in advance. The research suggests an evaluation method to examine the functionalities of the roadways by using real-world mobility data and weighted network analysis. In the study, the roles of links were defined and quantified by three network attributes, in-strength, out-strength, and betweenness centrality. Derived attributes were used to cluster links with similar travel patterns. Furthermore, the concept of link reliability was introduced to measure the reliance of the network on individual links. Those network indices make it possible to evaluate the functioning of roads based on people’s travel patterns and to detect critical links that are irreplaceable and difficult to detour. This information can be used to determine the priorities of upcoming improvements and ultimately improve the efficiency of operation and maintenance of the road link networks.
Effects of Meaningful Action Observation Therapy on Occupational Performance, Upper Limb Function, and Corticospinal Excitability Poststroke: A Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Shamili Aryan , Hassani Mehraban Afsoon , Azad Akram , Raissi Gholam Reza , Shati Mohsen
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Action observation therapy (AOT) is a mirror neuron-based approach that has been recently used in poststroke rehabilitation. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of AOT of occupations and tasks that are meaningful for chronic stroke patients on occupational performance, upper-extremity function, and corticospinal changes. Method. A randomized control trial was designed to compare between experimental (

n
=
13

) and control groups (

n
=
14

). In both groups, the execution of meaningful tasks was practiced, but the videos of those tasks were just shown to the experiment group. Instead, patients in the control group watched nature videos as a placebo. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and Box-Block Test (BBT) on 3 occasions: baseline, post (at 4 weeks), and follow-up (at 8 weeks). The assessments of central motor conduction time (CMCT) for abductor policis brevis (APB) and extensor indicis (EI) were only recorded at baseline and posttreatment. Both assessors of clinical and neurophysiological outcomes were blinded to the allocation of subjects. Result. Finally, the results of outcomes in 24 patients who completed the study were analyzed. In both groups, significant improvements after treatment were seen for most outcomes (

p
≤
0.05

). These changes were persistent until follow-up. There were significant differences in COPM performance (

p
=
0.03

) and satisfaction (

p
=
0.001

) between the experimental and control groups. In contrast, other clinical assessments such as FMA, ARAT, and BBT did not show significant differences between the two treatments (

p
≥
0.05

). The results of CMCT related to APB showed a more significant change in the experiment group compared to the control group (

p
=
0.022

). There was no difference in change detected between the two groups for CMCT related to EI after treatments. Conclusion. Observation and execution of meaningful activities can enhance the effects of simply practicing those activities on occupational performance/satisfaction and corticospinal excitability poststroke.
Spatiotemporal Virtual Graph Convolution Network for Key Origin-Destination Flow Prediction in Metro System
Authors: Yang Jun , Han Xiao , Ye Tan , Tang Yinghao , Feng Weidong , Wang Aili , Zuo Huijun , Zhang Qiang
Published: September 2022

Short-term Origin-Destination (OD) flow prediction plays a major part in the realization of Smart Metro. It can help traffic managers implement dynamic control strategies to improve operation safety. Also, it can assist passengers in making reasonable travel plans to improve the passenger experience. However, there are problems that the dimension of OD short-term traffic prediction is much higher than the base number of metro stations and the OD matrix is sparse. To resolve the above two problems, a threshold-based method is proposed to extract key OD pairs first. OD passenger flow contains the attribute information of the Origin-Destination station and exhibits similar time evolution characteristics, so the spatial and temporal correlation needs to be considered in the prediction. Pearson correlation matrix is used to build a virtual graph and model the virtual connection between OD pairs. A spatiotemporal virtual graph convolutional network (ST-VGCN), which combines the advantages of a graph neural network and gated recurrent neural network, is proposed to identify spatial associations and temporal patterns simultaneously. The proposed method is evaluated on 39 days of real-world data from Shenzhen Metro, which outperforms other benchmarks. The research in this work can contribute to the development of short-term OD flow forecasts and help to provide ideas for the research on real-time operation and management of rail transit. Furthermore, it can help to establish passenger flow prediction and early warning mechanisms to quickly evacuate a large number of passengers in case of emergency.
Bioactivities and Mechanism of Actions of Dendrobium officinale: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Zhang Cheng , Wang Ning , Xu Yu , Tang Guoyi , Xu Lin , Feng Yibin
Published: September 2022

Dendrobium officinale has a long history of being consumed as a functional food and medicinal herb for preventing and managing diseases. The phytochemical studies revealed that Dendrobium officinale contained abundant bioactive compounds, such as bibenzyls, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The experimental studies showed that Dendrobium officinale and its bioactive compounds exerted multiple biological properties like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulatory activities and showed various health benefits like anticancer, antidiabetes, cardiovascular protective, gastrointestinal modulatory, hepatoprotective, lung protective, and neuroprotective effects. In this review, we summarize the phytochemical studies, bioactivities, and the mechanism of actions of Dendrobium officinale, and the safety and current challenges are also discussed, which might provide new perspectives for its development of drug and functional food as well as clinical applications.
Improving Students’ Learning Motivation and Attitude in Physical Education by Using Algorithm Thinking Innovation Teaching Method
Authors: Qu Xiaobo
Published: September 2022

Physical education (PE) learning activity types can influence students’ motivational beliefs, physical activity participation, and persistence/effort in class. Due to motivational and attitudinal aims in the curriculum and the lack of study on student experiences with physical activity, the technological features of today’s society have favored the presence of information and communication technology (ICT) and the advent of new training methods in educational institutions. This article addresses the flipped learning-based thinking innovation teaching method (FL-TITM) as an innovative methodology for teaching and learning physical education to improve students’ motivation and attitude. This research aims to briefly present the flipped learning method and determine and critically analyze the crucial pedagogical models. This allows us to identify the approaches and electronic tools on the Web. Physical education 2.0 and ICT as an online learning environment may better aid and establish physical education content and motivate learners in flipped learning. The data were collected using semistructured interviews. A total of 100 learners from an educational center in China participated and were compared with nonflipped learning students. These participants have been chosen intentionally. The outcomes show that the flipped learning method linearly and positively impacts academic performance and correlational support and motivation. The test results show that our FL-TIIM has a high self-efficacy ratio of 96.7%, a positive attitude level of 98.6%, a student motivation ratio of 95.3%, an interaction ratio of 98.5%, and a performance ratio of 90.3%.
BRD4 Silencing Protects Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and Activating Nrf2-HO-1 Pathways
Authors: Fang Ming , Luo Jun , Zhu Xi , Wu Yingbiao , Li Xinming
Published: September 2022

Background. Heart failure is a critical health problem worldwide, and cardiac hypertrophy is an important characteristic of heart failure. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is involved in various cellular processes, including cardiac hypertrophy. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of BRD4 on cardiac hypertrophy. Methods. Rat myoblast H9c2 cells were treated with angiotensin II (Ang II) to increase the mRNA and protein expressions of BRD4. BRD4 was silenced by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in H9c2 cells. Proteins involved in Nrf2-HO-1 pathway were determined by Western blot. Results. Our data suggest that BRD4 silencing attenuated Ang II, increased the percentage of TUNEL + cells and caspase-3 activity, increased oxidative stress, and increased the expression and content of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, we found that BRD4 silencing enhanced the protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 and inhibited the TLR4 and phosphorylation of NF-kappa B in Ang II-stimulated H9c2 cells. TLR4 overexpression attenuated cardioprotection against Ang II by BRD4 silencing, including cardiac hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokine production. Additionally, TLR4 overexpression attenuated an increase in Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins and decreased phosphorylated NF-kappa B in H9c2 cells. Conclusion. Our results speculate that the BRD4/TLR4 axis might be a promising strategy for treating cardiovascular diseases with cardiac hypertrophy, including HF.
High DHCR7 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zou Jing , Liu Sha , Long Jian , Yan Bingbing
Published: September 2022

DHCR7 is a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. The expression pattern and prognostic value of DHCR7 in cervical cancer are unknown. We investigated the relationship between DHCR7 expression and clinicopathological features of cervical cancer patients. The dataset was acquired from TCGA database. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to explore DHCR7 expression level in cervical cancer. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the logistic regression were performed to estimate the association between the DHCR7 and clinical features. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate factors that affect cervical cancer prognosis. GSEA was used to screen the DHCR7-related pathways. We found that DHCR7 was increased in cervical cancer samples and increased DHCR7 was correlated with advanced T stage, lymph node invasion, and clinical stage (

P
<
0.05

). Patients with elevated DHCR7 levels had poorer overall survival (

P
=
0.021

), progression-free interval (

P
=
0.002

), and disease-specific survival (

P
=
0.005

). Cox analysis revealed that DHCR7 was an independent prognostic factor in cervical cancer (

P
=
0.005

). WNT activated receptor activity, G2/M checkpoint, mTORC1 signaling, KRAS signaling, regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic, FGF signaling, T-cell receptor signaling, JAK/STAT signaling cascade T cell activation, and macrophage migration were enriched in high DHCR7 phenotype. Our data also showed that DHCR7 moderately correlates with T-cell infiltration, including CD8+ T-cells. Conclusion. Increased DHCR7 expression is associated with poor survival in cervical cancer.
[Retracted] Emotion Recognition of Violin Playing Based on Big Data Analysis Technologies
Authors: Zou Liangjun
Published: September 2022

The rapid development of Internet technology has promoted the vigorous development of the multimedia. As one of the most classic instruments, the violin has been fully developed in its creation, education, and performance. In the face of more and more violin performances, the effective organization and retrieval of these musical works is an urgent problem to be solved, while it is common to classify and organize music based on the emotional properties of the performance. Deep learning is a model based on feature hierarchy and unsupervised feature learning, which has strong learning ability and adaptability. Based on the recurrent neural network (RNN) method, long short‐term memory (LSTM) is one of the classic models of deep learning that can effectively learn the characteristics of time series data and achieve effective predictions. Therefore, based on the classical Hevner emotion classification model, this paper proposes an emotion recognition method for dynamic violin performances based on LSTM, which selects acoustic features and classifies the audio acoustic signals contained in the violin performances. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, this paper carries out data labeled, feature selection, and model test on the actual violin music data by turn. The results show that the proposed method can greatly reduce the training time and improve the prediction accuracy, which reached 83%, higher than the existing methods. Meanwhile, the accuracy and iteration times of violin playing music of different emotional categories are also counted. Moreover, the method is robust to the genre, timbre, and noise changes, and the emotion recognition effect is superior.
The Big Data Analysis and Visualization of Mass Messages under “Smart Government Affairs” Based on Text Mining
Authors: Wang Donghong , Guo Jiliang
Published: September 2022

Based on the records of people’s political inquiries, comments from public sources on the Internet and the data of the relevant departments’ responses to some people’s messages, this study uses text analysis, text feature extraction, model building, text mining, and other evaluation methods to study and evaluate the three aspects of government services: analysis of public comments, mining of hot issues and evaluation of replies, which aims to prompt the government to understand the needs of the people quickly and solve the relevant problems in a timely and effective manner. The results show that the final classification accuracy using BERT is 3.4% and 1.8% higher than that using TF-IDF and Word2vec, respectively. Multi-classification of message data was realized by BERT combined with the LinearSVC algorithm, and the crowd message was accurately divided into seven types of problems, with an accuracy of 96.7%. It is intended to be transferred to relevant departments for processing. For problems related to people’s livelihood, law, economy, and other aspects, different departments should take countermeasures to solve them and achieve systematic, departmental, and regional coordination. This will enhance the ability of government platforms to deal with problems. Through the definition of hot indexes, hot issues mining can timely find the outstanding problems reflected by the masses. At the same time, the feedback evaluation system can comprehensively evaluate the work of relevant departments from the perspectives of relevance, completeness, and interpretability. Big data analysis technology based on text mining is a feasible way to solve the difficulties of text data analysis. The analysis model constructed in this study is suitable for mining and analyzing unstructured data with short text features, and the results can provide guidance for government decision-making.
Energy-Efficient Power and Subcarrier Allocation in Downlink OFDMA Systems with Channel Estimation Errors
Authors: Liu Yong , Liu Fei , Ren Fuqiang , Hou Feng , Zhu Yongsheng , Wang Xiaolei , Yang Yaoke
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we investigate the joint optimization of power and subcarrier allocation for maximizing the energy efficiency (EE) in downlink OFDMA systems. The problem of EE maximization is formulated as a stochastic optimization to determine the optimal power and subcarrier allocation, in which many practical factors including channel estimation errors, delay requirements, and time-varying channel are considered. We first propose a dynamic power and subcarrier allocation (DPSA) algorithm to solve the formulated problem. Then, we derive the two bounds of EE and delay and reveal the tradeoff between them. The theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the variations of EE and delay with channel estimation errors.
[Retracted] An Evaluation Model of Agricultural Entrepreneurial Ecological Environment Quality Oriented to Public Health Topic Using the Optimized Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Meng Xiangmin , Zhang Jie , Ren Guoyan
Published: September 2022

As the primary industry, agriculture is a prerequisite for human survival and a basic industry of the national economy. As a result, the growth of agriculture is vital for the nation’s socioeconomic development. The construction of ecological civilization and the reform and innovation of farmers’ digital entrepreneurial behavior in the region are intimately correlated with the agricultural eco‐environmental quality. Therefore, it is crucial for us to improve control and maintenance of the agricultural eco‐environment. A requirement for directing the sustainable growth of the agricultural economy is evaluating and identifying the quality of the regional eco‐environment and the issues it faces. In view of this, the study employs Jiangsu Province as a research example, builds a comprehensive index evaluation system, and uses the modified BP neural network to evaluate the agricultural eco‐environmental quality in the target area between 2010 and 2020. First, the evaluation system is constructed from four dimensions: ecological resource status, environmental pollution degree, eco‐environmental protection efforts, and agricultural development level, and 14 influencing factors are then screened out as specific secondary evaluation indicators. Second, a GA‐BP model will be applied to comprehensively assess the quality of the agricultural eco‐environment in the province over the past 10 years. The comprehensive score of the province’s agricultural eco‐environmental quality was calculated, and the quality level was classified by this. Meanwhile, the indicators’ scores were paired with an analysis of each contributing factor’s degree of change. The findings indicate that from 2010 to 2020, Jiangsu Province’s agricultural eco‐environment demonstrated a favorable trend, a reasonably high‐quality level, and a tendency of continuous improvement from bad to good. The results of each indicator measuring the quality of the agricultural environment fluctuated, but overall they showed an upward trend. Finally, in order to offer a reference for agricultural eco‐environment control and protection and a good ecological environment for farmers’ digital entrepreneurship in the near future, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed for the restoration of the agricultural eco‐environment in Jiangsu Province referring to the results of the research and the problems already present in the area.
The Impact of Financing Constraints and Uncertainty on Manufacturing Innovation Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis from Chinese Listed Firms
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Li Shengsheng , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: September 2022

Chinese listed manufacturing companies face more serious financing constraints. Considering financing constraints and uncertainties, an accurate assessment of the innovation efficiency of China’s listed manufacturing industry can provide decision support for China to become an innovation nation. We construct a heterogeneous stochastic frontier model to analyze the overall innovation efficiency, innovation quality efficiency, and innovation quantity efficiency of the Chinese manufacturing industry, using Chinese A-share listed manufacturing companies as a research sample from 2011–2019. The research results show that (1) Financing constraints make enterprises deviate from innovation efficiency, and internal financing significantly reduces enterprise financing constraints and does not bring uncertainty to subsequent financing, commercial credit, and external financing; although it can alleviate enterprise financing constraints, it will increase the uncertainty of subsequent financing constraints and the enterprise size.. (2) Internal financing, commercial credit financing, external financing, and firm size can effectively alleviate the financing constraint for firms to carry out quality innovation activities of invention patents and quantitative innovation activities of utility patents; internal financing, external financing, and firm size can effectively alleviate the financing constraint for quantitative innovation activities of design patents, while commercial credit financing has no significant effect. (3) The influence of factors such as financing constraints makes the real innovation efficiency of China’s listed manufacturing industry only about 20%, and enterprises face more serious financing constraints. (4) The heterogeneity results found that the overall innovation efficiency, innovation quality efficiency, and innovation quantity efficiency in the eastern region are the highest, and the innovation efficiency level is higher than the national average, followed by the central and western regions. The overall innovation efficiency, innovation quality efficiency, and innovation quantity efficiency of the central region are higher than the national average, but the innovation quality efficiency and innovation quantity efficiency of the western region are lower than the national average; the overall innovation efficiency, innovation quality efficiency, and innovation quantity efficiency of large-scale enterprises are the highest and even higher than the average value of the whole sample, while the innovation efficiency of medium and small-scale enterprises are lower than the average value of the whole sample.
Heterotopic Pancreas in the Duodenum Diagnosed after Laparoscopic Biopsy
Authors: Pham Ngoc Trinh Thi , Nguyen Anh Nguyet Thi , Vo Minh Tri Thi , Pham Minh Duc
Published: September 2022

Heterotopic pancreas is defined as the presence of ectopic pancreatic tissue outside boundaries of the pancreas without vascular and duct system connection with the pancreas. Ectopic locations are mostly found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract such as the stomach (24–38%), the duodenum (9–36%), and the jejunum (0.5–27%). Clinical manifestations are not specific, vague, and misdiagnosed another digestive disease. Most cases are incidentally detected by histological examination of specimens resected for different pathologies during endoscopy, surgery, or even autopsy. We report a case of a 31-year-old man who admitted to the hospital with the reason of epigastric pain for 3 days. Clinical examination showed mild epigastric tenderness. The past medical history of patient was unremarkable. A submucosal lesion was observed in the first part of the duodenum during endoscopy. Computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography findings were suspected to be heterotopic pancreatic tissue. After laparoscopic surgery for biopsy, it was histologically confirmed duodenal ectopic pancreas. It is difficult to differentiate gastrointestinal pancreatic heterotopia from gastrointestinal stromal tumors, leiomyoma, or lymphomas by using endoscopy because ectopic tissue is mostly located in the submucosal layer. In addition, rare cases of ectopic pancreatic tissue transform malignancy. Surgical treatment should be considered to take adequate tissue samples for biopsy or resect the lesions in symptomatic patients. Duodenal pancreatic heterotopia is an uncommon congenital malformation and most patients are asymptomatic. Histological examination is essential to exclude malignant lesions and to have an appropriate treatment.
A New Understanding, Guided by Single-Cell Sequencing, of the Establishment and Maintenance of the Ovarian Reserve in Mammals
Authors: Frost Emily R. , Ford Emmalee A. , Peters Alexandra E. , Lovell-Badge Robin , Taylor Güneş , McLaughlin Eileen A. , Sutherland Jessie M.
Published: September 2022

Background: Oocytes are a finite and non-renewable resource that are maintained in primordial follicle structures. The ovarian reserve is the totality of primordial follicles, present from birth, within the ovary and its establishment, size, and maintenance dictates the duration of the female reproductive lifespan. Understanding the cellular and molecular dynamics relevant to the establishment and maintenance of the reserve provides the first steps necessary for modulating both individual human and animal reproductive health as well as population dynamics. Summary: This review details the key stages of establishment and maintenance of the ovarian reserve, encompassing germ cell nest formation, germ cell nest breakdown, and primordial follicle formation and activation. Furthermore, we spotlight several formative single-cell sequencing studies that have significantly advanced our knowledge of novel molecular regulators of the ovarian reserve, which may improve our ability to modulate female reproductive lifespans. Key Messages: The application of single-cell sequencing to studies of ovarian development in mammals, especially when leveraging genetic and environmental models, offers significant insights into fertility and its regulation. Moreover, comparative studies looking at key stages in the development of the ovarian reserve across species has the potential to impact not just human fertility, but also conservation biology, invasive species management, and agriculture.
Prognostic Value of Measuring Fractional Flow Reserve After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Complex Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From the FAME 3 Trial
Authors: Piroth Zsolt , Otsuki Hisao , Zimmermann Frederik M. , Ferenci Tamás , Keulards Danielle C.J. , Yeung Alan C. , Pijls Nico H.J. , De Bruyne Bernard , Fearon William F. ,   on behalf of the FAME 3 Investigators
Published: September 2022

Background:

We evaluate the prognostic value of measuring fractional flow reserve (FFR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (post-PCI FFR) and intravascular imaging in patients undergoing PCI for 3-vessel coronary artery disease in the FAME 3 trial (Fractional Flow Reserve versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation).

Methods:

The FAME 3 trial is a multicenter, international, randomized study comparing FFR-guided PCI with coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. PCI was not noninferior with respect to the primary end point of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or repeat revascularization at 1 year. Post-PCI FFR data were acquired on a patient and vessel-related basis. Intravascular imaging guidance was tracked. The primary end point is a comparison of target vessel failure (TVF) defined as a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization at 1 year based on post-PCI FFR values. Cox regression with robust SEs was used for analysis.

Results:

Of the 757 patients randomized to PCI, 461 (61%) had post-PCI FFR measurement and 11.1% had intravascular imaging performed. The median post-PCI FFR was 0.89 [IQR‚ 0.85–0.94]. On a vessel-level, post-PCI FFR was found to be a significant predictor of TVF univariately (hazard ratio=0.67 [95% CI‚ 0.48–0.93] for 0.1 unit increase,
P
=0.0165). On a patient-level, the single lowest post-PCI FFR value was also found to be a significant predictor of TVF univariately (hazard ratio=0.65 [95% CI‚ 0.48–0.89] for 0.1 unit increase,
P
=0.0074). Post-PCI FFR was an independent predictor of TVF in multivariable analysis adjusted for key clinical parameters. Outcomes were similar between patients who had intravascular imaging guidance and those who did not.

Conclusions:

Post-PCI FFR measurement was a significant predictor of TVF on a vessel and patient level and an independent predictor of outcomes in a population with complex 3-vessel coronary artery disease eligible for coronary artery bypass grafting. The limited use of intravascular imaging did not affect outcomes.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02100722.
Transcriptional and Immune Landscape of Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Liu Jing , Ma Pan , Lai Lulu , Villanueva Ana , Koenig Andrew , Bean Gregory R. , Bowles Dawn E. , Glass Carolyn , Watson Michael , Lavine Kory J. , Lin Chieh-Yu
Published: September 2022

Background:

Cardiac involvement is an important determinant of mortality among sarcoidosis patients. Although granulomatous inflammation is a hallmark finding in cardiac sarcoidosis, the precise immune cell populations that comprise the granuloma remain unresolved. Furthermore, it is unclear how the cellular and transcriptomic landscape of cardiac sarcoidosis differs from other inflammatory heart diseases.

Methods:

We leveraged spatial transcriptomics (GeoMx digital spatial profiler) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing to elucidate the cellular and transcriptional landscape of cardiac sarcoidosis. Using GeoMX digital spatial profiler technology, we compared the transcriptomal profile of CD68
+
rich immune cell infiltrates in human cardiac sarcoidosis, giant cell myocarditis, and lymphocytic myocarditis. We performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing of human cardiac sarcoidosis to identify immune cell types and examined their transcriptomic landscape and regulation. Using multichannel immunofluorescence staining, we validated immune cell populations identified by single-nucleus RNA sequencing, determined their spatial relationship, and devised an immunostaining approach to distinguish cardiac sarcoidosis from other inflammatory heart diseases.

Results:

Despite overlapping histological features, spatial transcriptomics identified transcriptional signatures and associated pathways that robustly differentiated cardiac sarcoidosis from giant cell myocarditis and lymphocytic myocarditis. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing revealed the presence of diverse populations of myeloid cells in cardiac sarcoidosis with distinct molecular features. We identified GPNMB (transmembrane glycoprotein NMB) as a novel marker of multinucleated giant cells and predicted that the MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) family of transcription factors regulated this cell type. We also detected additional macrophage populations in cardiac sarcoidosis including HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen-DR)
+
macrophages, SYTL3 (synaptotagmin-like protein 3)
+
macrophages and CD163
+
resident macrophages. HLA-DR
+
macrophages were found immediately adjacent to GPMMB
+
giant cells, a distinct feature compared with other inflammatory cardiac diseases. SYTL3
+
macrophages were located scattered throughout the granuloma and CD163
+
macrophages, CD1c
+
dendritic cells, nonclassical monocytes, and T cells were located at the periphery and outside of the granuloma. Finally, we demonstrate mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway activation is associated with proliferation and is selectively found in HLA-DR
+
and SYLT3
+
macrophages.

Conclusions:

In this study, we identified diverse populations of immune cells with distinct molecular signatures that comprise the sarcoid granuloma. These findings provide new insights into the pathology of cardiac sarcoidosis and highlight opportunities to improve diagnostic testing.
Exploring Theater Neuroscience: Using Wearable Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy to Measure the Sense of Self and Interpersonal Coordination in Professional Actors
Authors: Greaves Dwaynica A. , Pinti Paola , Din Sara , Hickson Robert , Diao Mingyi , Lange Charlotte , Khurana Priyasha , Hunter Kelly , Tachtsidis Ilias , Hamilton Antonia F. de C.
Published: September 2022

Ecologically valid research and wearable brain imaging are increasingly important in cognitive neuroscience as they enable researchers to measure neural mechanisms of complex social behaviors in real-world environments. This article presents a proof of principle study that aims to push the limits of what wearable brain imaging can capture and find new ways to explore the neuroscience of acting. Specifically, we focus on how to build an interdisciplinary paradigm to investigate the effects of taking on a role on an actor's sense of self and present methods to quantify interpersonal coordination at different levels (brain, physiology, behavior) as pairs of actors rehearse an extract of a play prepared for live performance. Participants were six actors from Flute Theatre, rehearsing an extract from Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. Sense of self was measured in terms of the response of the pFC to hearing one's own name (compared with another person's name). Interpersonal coordination was measured using wavelet coherence analysis of brain signals, heartbeats, breathing, and behavior. Findings show that it is possible to capture an actor's pFC response to their own name and that this response is suppressed when an actor rehearses a segment of the play. In addition, we found that it is possible to measure interpersonal synchrony across three modalities simultaneously. These methods open the way to new studies that can use wearable neuroimaging and hyperscanning to understand the neuroscience of social interaction and the complex social–emotional processes involved in theatrical training and performing theater.
The Making of Religion
Authors: Ferreira Dias João
Published: September 2022

This essay aims to focus on the concept of religion and its conceptual implications in the observation of African religions, taking the Yorùbá and Candomblé religious attitudes and beliefs as case studies. I intend to trace a new itinerary in the conceptualization of African religious experiences, using native structures as the setting for theory. I point out that African-Yorùbá religious experience is deeply merged with ritual practice – religion is made – and tied to a sense of origins and duties that must be fulfilled. In that vein, I present alternative categories to the classic ones of monotheism, polytheism, and pantheon.
Reevaluating the Role of Inter-Polity Boundaries (tꜢšw) in Middle and New Kingdom Egypt
Authors: Siegel Oren
Published: September 2022

Chains of frontier fortresses and the presence of boundary stelae have understandably encouraged scholars to emphasize parallels between Pharaonic political boundaries and contemporary political borders. However, ancient Egyptian territoriality and conceptions of political boundaries differed in several key ways. First, Pharaonic boundaries were not defined by their permeability, but rather their capacity to be altered by royal action. Second, specific territorial claims were often less vital than the sovereign act of claiming or marking a boundary. Finally, ancient Egyptian boundaries were often discussed in personal terms, as belonging to a particular pharaoh. They were not abstracted, linear features that aspired to an ahistorical permanence, but functioned as powerful, performative displays of political authority in liminal spaces. Recognizing these fundamental differences builds upon the insights of earlier scholarship and provides new perspectives on Pharaonic boundary-making practices.
The Role of Confirmation in Christian Initiation
Authors: Alfsvåg Knut
Published: September 2022

The relation between baptism, chrismation, and first communion has developed differently in different denominations. An important characteristic of this development is the establishment of confirmation as a separate rite during medieval times. Despite Luther’s being skeptical toward confirmation, which he considered a human invention with Semipelagian connotations, it was adopted for catechetical purposes by Martin Bucer, partly as a compromising gesture toward the Anabaptists. Today, confirmation is a well-established rite of passage with a theologically complicated history administered within a context where a new awareness of the rites of initiation in the early church has opened old debates concerning chrismation, confirmation, and the communion of infants. The article investigates how a knowledge of this history can help us develop an ecumenically relevant theology of confirmation and catechesis carried by a strong understanding of baptism as the undisputed rite of Christian initiation.
The Pronunciation of the Dagesh Lene in the Tiberian Hebrew Tradition
Authors: Wormser Yehonatan
Published: September 2022

It is commonly assumed that the distinction between the dagesh forte (marking a geminated consonant) and the dagesh lene (marking a plosive, non-geminated pronunciation of the letters ‮בגדכפ“ת‬‎) can be traced to the original Tiberian reading tradition. The use of only one sign for both entities in the Tiberian vocalization, however, as well as several findings from Tiberian-related sources, lead to the conclusion that both types of degeshim were realized with gemination in the Tiberian tradition. In contrast, there are texts with Babylonian and Palestinian vocalization that differentiate between the two types, probably representing a distinction in their realization. These facts suggest that this distinction, an integral component of standard Hebrew grammar, maintained in many oral traditions, is not based on the Tiberian tradition and appears now in non-Tiberian traditions only.
Ancient Versions and Enigmatic Valleys
Authors: Polak Frank H.
Published: September 2022

This paper concerns the rendering of Hebrew “terebinth” as “valley,” and the mention of a “valley” near Hebron in a plus. In the Targums, the Vulgate and Aquila the “terebinths” of Moreh and Mamre (Gen 12:6; 18:1; Deut 11:30) are represented by a term meaning “valley.” According to the standard analysis this rendering avoids the association of these precincts with non-monotheistic cults. However, this theory fails to explain the use of the term “valley.” Midrashic comments point to anti-Samaritan polemics, based on Deut 11:30, where “terebinth” and “plain,” Arabah, meet. Furthermore, a plus of the Septuagint and the Samaritan mentions “the valley of Hebron” (Gen 23:2; cf. the gloss, 37:14). These constellations are related to a particular sensitivity for the status of the Mamre region in the Persian era and beyond as it belongs to Idumaea, and its religious practice includes non-monotheistic cults.
Telipogon crisariasae (Orchidaceae) a new species from northen Ecuador
Authors: BAQUERO R. LUIS E. , ITURRALDE GABRIEL A. , MARTEL CARLOS
Published: September 2022

Telipogon crisariasae, discovered in northern Ecuador, is described as a new species. Telipogon crisariasae is similar to T. octavioi but differs by its larger inflorescences and flowers, the rhomboid petals, the cordiform pink callus, and the sub-trapeziform stigmatic cavity. Illustrations and pictures of the new entity are provided. Furthermore, diagnostic characters of T. crisariasae are compared to those of other morphologically similar species.
Review of the genus Kailashia (Apiaceae) with description of a new species K. bouffordi from Xizang, China
Authors: KLJUYKOV EUGENE , LAVROVA TATIANA , TERENTIEVA ELENA , UKRAINSKAJA ULIANA , LYSKOV DMITRY
Published: September 2022

A new species, Kailashia bouffordi (Apiaceae), is described from Xizang, China. The new species differs from K. robusta and K. xizangensis in the stem pubescence, shape of the leaf blades and the leaf lobes, features of the bracts, pedicels, styles, carpophores and fruits. In addition, a review of other species of the genus Kailashia is provided with a new identification key.