bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OSSETIAN AND ADYGHE NART PARALLELS
Authors: Чибиров Л.А. , Кусаева З.К.
Published: August 2021

предлагаемой статье анализируются существующие схождения и отличия между осетин- ской и адыгской (преимущественно кабардинской) версиями Нартиады. Вместе с тем дана критиче- ская оценка концепции полицентризма (субстратно- кавказского происхождения эпоса), а также бытую- щему суждению об адыгском центре формирования ядра нартовского эпоса и приведена соответствую- щая научная доводов В.И. Абаева о том, что истоки формирования Нартиады ведут к легендам североиран- ских племен скифов, сарматов, алан.

The existing similarities and differences between the Ossetian and Adyghe (basically Kabardian) versions of Nartiada are analyzed in the article. That said, a critical assessment of the concept of polycentricity (substrate and Caucasian origin of the epic) is given, as well as an existing judgment on the Adyghe center core formation of the Nart epic and the corresponding scientifi c argument justifying the reliability of Vasiliy I. Abaevs point that the origins of Nartiadas formation lead to the legends of the northern Iranian tribes of the Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans.
Outcome Measures in Spine Surgery: How Far Can we Go Building Evidence?
Authors: Relvas Henrique
Published: August 2021

There is an imperative need to alleviate the actual and predictably harder burden of spine disorders and particularly the share due to chronic nonspecific low back pain, both at the individual and community - based viewpoint. Studies on global health trends charge a relevant part of the onus to the proposed invasive procedures, raising concern over its inappropriately high and growing use, counteracting clinical guidelines recommendation of a prudent selection of patients, based on clear - cut indications. Part of this gap between evidence and practice stands from questionable assumptions regarding the usefulness of surgery. Uncertainty on relative benefits and harms in the face of increased risk of adverse events, or the higher costs and health care resources i nvolved, results in controversial decision - making to plan the intervention . Improvement of knowledge about these questions can be provided by the inclusion in the research agenda of comprehensive and standardized evaluation of outcomes after spine surgery. Such a protocol procedure would enable future systematic reviews to perform a consistent meta - analysis of data from trials, mandatory for high - quality evidence gathering. Outcome evaluation requires both subjective and objective assessments. This review a ims to clarify the role of outcome measures in support of the need to build reliable information on the effectiveness of surgical treatment of spinal disorders.
The Prevalence and Economic Impact of Bovine Fasciolosis in Mekelle Municipal Abattoir
Authors: K Ashenafi
Published: August 2021

A cross sectional survey was conducted at Mekelle Municipal abattoir in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia, from November 2007, to April 2008 to determine the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis and to assess its economic impact. A total of 668 bovine liver wer e examined in the abattoir and267 (39.97 %) were found to be affected by fasciolosis. Out of the total positives 211 (79%) and 56(21%) were adult and young cattle respectively, no statistical significance difference between age groups (p>0.05). Study shown 182 (68.1%) and 85 (31.8%) were positive from high land and low land respectively. Based on the body condition animals having body score 1, 2 and 3 were found 10.4%, 79.4% and 15.9% positive respectively. F. hepatica, F. gigantic species recovered from in fected livers were 62.1%, 13% and 11%, mixed infection and 13.1% immature fluke. In the present study, no direct relationship between fluke count and magnitude of liver lesion in moderately affected liver. The magnitude of livers affected by fasciolosis is 96 (35.8%), 112(42.2 %) and 59 (22%) light, moderate and severe lesion respectively. From the total feacal samples of cattle examined 50 (7.4 %) were found egg positive that of 267 (39. 9%) post mort empositive. The economic loss due to fasciolosis was su mmarized as 122, 414.47 Ethiopian Birr during the study period and 183.25 per head of the animal. This is obviously great economic loss. In the study area bovine fasciolosis significantly prevalent parasitic disease affecting the health, productivity of an imals and has economic impact.
Concentrations of Progesterone Alter the Odds of Retention of Transferred Bovine Embryos
Authors: EJ Cuadra
Published: August 2021

Two studies were conducted to examine the role of progesterone on the odds of survival of embryos transferred into lactating and non - lactating recipient cows. In each study, recipients were synchronized for estrus following the Select Synch + CIDR ® protocol. O n d 7, after exhibiting estrus, embryos were inserted in all cows bearing a viable corpus luteum; embryos were placed in the uterine horn of the ovulating side. Randomly, animals were divided into two groups. Contrary with the control group, cows in the CI DR - group had a CIDR inserted on that same day the embryo was inserted and removed 14 days later. Blood samples for analysis of progesterone were taken at insertion (d 7) and continued at 7 - day intervals for three more weeks. All animals were weighed and bo dy condition scored at the beginning of the studies. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed around d 90. No significant differences were observed in body weights between treatments. Progesterone between treatments within days and between days within treatments are reported. Progesterone between pregnant and non - pregnant cattle was also reported between treatments and within treatments. Progesterone seems to increase the odds of retention of transferred bovine embryos during early gestation. Results also seem to point out that patterns of progesterone secretion during the first two weeks after the transfer have a decisive effect on the survival of bovine embryos. Nevertheless, authors of this document suggest that more research is needed to closely examine these f indings.
Effects of Injecting GnRH 48 Hours after PGF2α on the Dynamic Follicular and Luteal Endocrine Cells in Post - Pubertal Holstein Heifers
Authors: EJ Cuadra
Published: August 2021

Eighteen cycling Holstein heifers were allotted at random by weight and body condition score to one of two treatments to evaluate the effects of GnRH on luteal response when injected 48 hours (h) after the first injection in a 10 day interval between two i njections of PGF2α . Heifers in the control group (n=9) received an injection of saline 48 h after the first injection of PGF2α; however, heifers in the μg) 48treatmenthafter group n=9) received an injection of GnRH (100 the first injection of PGF2α. Heife rs were checked for estrus 3 times daily for 60 minutes each time. Blood samples were collected for analysis of progesterone on d ays 0 (first injection of PGF2α), 2 (48 h after the fi rst injection), 10 ( at the second injection of PGF2) and at day 17 (7 days a fte r the second injection of PGF2α ). Plasma samples were analyzed fo r concentration of progesterone via radioimmunoassay to evaluate luteal cell function. Concentrations of progesterone did not differ between the control heifers and treatment animals at any day of the study. However, heifers treated with GnRH showed a significant decline in concentration of progesterone from day 0 to day 2 in a luteal response to the injection; nevertheless, concentrations of progesterone increased significantly from day 2 t o day 10. Thus, this data demonstrated that injecting GnRH 48 h after PGF2α either speeds up formation of new corpus luteum or prevents full regression of the corpus luteum present prior to the first injection of PGF2α.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND HERDING BEHAVIOUR IN CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET
Authors: Asante Gyamerah Samuel
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we examine the presence of herding in cryptocurrency market for four distinct sub-periods (Pre and During COVID-19 period, bear and bull markets) using daily closing prices of 5 largest cryptocurrencies by market capitalization (Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, Stellar and Tether) from April 20, 2019 to January 31, 2021. The study employs cross-sectional absolute deviations (CSAD) model to test herd behavior and the results of the study provide evidence of herd behavior in the whole market for the selected period under study. The study also proofs the presence of herding during COVID-19 period and in positive market returns. These indicate that, investors in the cryptocurrency market, during COVID-19 periods, and in bullish market are inclined to the investment behavior of other peer investors in the market. The study is significant to investors, regulators and players in the cryptocurrency market so as to deepen their understanding of herding behavior since herding is thought to increase the volatility of the market. 

The study is significant to investors, regulators and players in the cryptocurrency market so as to deepen their understanding of herding behavior since herding is thought to increase the volatility of the market.
Lo que el voto se llevó. La des-composición del pacto posrevolucionario en México. De Willibald Sonnleitner
Authors: Marván Laborde María
Published: August 2021

El libro estudia la sociología del voto mexicano. A través de una metodología original y un enfoque multidisciplinario el autor hace múltiples radiografías en diferentes escalas geográficas y nos demuestra tanto tendencias macro como comportamientos micro de los diversos electorados. El análisis macro comprende desde 1961 hasta 2015; los resultados al micro nivel de las secciones electorales parten de la elección federal de 1991. El autor demuestra que el proceso de descomposición del pacto pos-revolucionario que transformó el sistema de partido hegemónico en un sistema electoral competitivo e inestable fue muy heterogéneo y sucedió con ritmos de transformación muy disímbolos. Estas diferencias desafían las aseveraciones tajantes de la teoría de la modernización y las variedades del voto en diferentes contextos; niveles y escalas permiten desentrañar las peculiaridades de un fenómeno que no por ser multifactorial es inescrutable.
Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in Adolescents during COVID-19: Implications for Planning Community Based Interventions
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India, Bhatia Sangeeta
Published: August 2021

Background: The study aimed at assessing the emotional and behavioral difficulties in adolescents using the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire. The challenges brought forth due to the COVID-19 shut down of educational institutions has created additional distress due to a lack of routine and separation from one’s peer group. Being closeted with a family for prolonged duration can exacerbate pre-existing vulnerabilities of conflict and mental health issues. Method: Both males and females were selected for the study. The age of the participants was 16-18 years. The total sample size was 140 (mean age 17.5, SD 2.5), with 70 males (mean age- 17, SD 1.5) and 70 females (mean age - 16.5, SD 2.8). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire by Goodman et al. (1998) was used, as also a detailed clinical case study was taken to identify pertinent issues and concerns. Result: The study found significant gender differences in prosocial behavior and peer relationships in adolescents, and we assume that a role parity and empathy may be the linking factor between prosocial behavior and peer relationships. A case study is also discussed from the practitioner’s perspective that brings into focus the increased consultations due to the stressful times. Findings also bring out a need for inculcating life skills in adolescents for recognizing and managing their stressors; incorporating a balance between internalizing and sharing their feelings. Conclusion: Interventions such as yoga, physical activities that maintain distance such as aerobics to mediate stress under lockdown can be undertaken at community level. The study showed that correlations may be present between conduct problems and emotional behaviors due to similar causal factors but more research is needed in the said field.
IMPLEMENTACIJA LEAN ALATA U SKLADIŠTU KOMPANIJE „ENERGY NET DOO“
Authors: Kantar Bojana , Sremčev Nemanja
Published: August 2021

U ovom radu date su teorijske osnove kao što su pojam i razvoj logistike, logistika preduzeća, vrste i funkcije skladišta, istoija leana, filozofija leana kao i alati leana. U radu je opisano sprovođenje 5S metode i vizuelnog menadžmenta u skladištu kompanije „Energy Net“. Razmatrani su problemi koji se pojavljuju u funkcionisanju skladišta, izvršena je priprema zapo­slenih za promene, te konkretna primena 5S metode i vizuelnog menadžmenta. Svaki korak 5S metode je detaljno analiziran i sproveden, kao i vizuelani menadž­ment, kako bi se postigli što bolji konačni rezultati.
UPRAVLJANJE KOMUNIKACIJAMA NA PROJEKTIMA U OBLASTI GRAĐEVINARSTVA
Authors: Batalo Andrijana , Morača Slobodan
Published: August 2021

Kroz rad su istraženi procesi upravljanja i planiranja komunikacija na građevinskim projektima, kako sa teoretskog aspekta, tako i u praksi. Pregledom literature iz oblasti upravljanja komunika­cijama i analizom projekta iz prakse, došlo se do smernica koje bi mogle pozitivno uticati na efektivnost komunikacije i samih građevinskih projekata. Cilj istraži­vanja jeste potraga za konkretnim načinima poboljšanja performanasa članova tima, unapređenja menadžerskih sposobnosti i veština na građevinskim projektima, kroz jednostavne načine unapređenja.
PRIMENA NEUROLOGIJA I LIDERSTVA U PROJEKTNOM MENADŽMENTU
Authors: Gračanin Danijela
Published: August 2021

Problematika rada usmerena je na primenu neurologije na polju liderstva u projektnom menadžmentu. Prikazan je teorijski pregled istorije projektnog menadžmenta, razvoj projektnog menadžmenta kao naučne discipline i novi prilaz, a to su neurološka ispitivanja mozga. Cilj empirijskog istraživanja je da se dobije uvid u dosadašnja znanja o neurologiji i istraživanjima koja imaju primenu u liderstva u projektnom menadžmentu u svetu i da se eventualno da predlog za novo istraživanje.
KRIZNA KOMUNIKACIJA GLOBALNIH BRENDOVA NA DRUŠTVENIM MREŽAMA TOKOM PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Authors: Šarenac Dijana
Published: August 2021

Predmet ovog rada jeste krizna komunikacija globalnih brendova tokom pandemije izazvane korona virusom COVID-19. U širem smislu cilj ovog master rada jeste analiza kriznih strategija i pristupa na društvenim mrežama koje su globalni brendovi primenjivali u vrijeme krize korona virusa. U užem smislu svrha ovog istraživanja je, s jedne strane, analiziranje vizuelnih medijskih strategija putem društvenih mreža koje globalni brendovi koriste za komunikaciju, ubjeđivanje i podizanje svijesti među stanovništvom, kao i za istraživanje njihovih karak­teristika. A s druge strane, prikazivanje prilagođavanja brendova komercijalnom kontekstu COVID-19.
ЕКСПРОПРИЈАЦИЈА НЕПОКРЕТНОСТИ ПРИЛИКОМ ОТВАРАЊА КОПА У ПОЉУ „Ц“ РУДНИКА УГЉА „ГРАЧАНИЦА“ У ГАТАЧКОМ ПОЉУ
Authors: Marinković Goran Dušan , Ivković Đorđe
Published: August 2021

У овом раду је презентован пројекат експропријације. Истраживачки дио рада је обухватио прикупљање података релевантних за само покретање поступка експропријације. У експерименталном дијелу рада је приказан поступак одвијања експропријације у општини Гацко.
La acreditación de los programas académicos de Odontología en Colombia
Authors: Villavicencio Judy Elena
Published: August 2021

El Sistema Nacional de Acreditación, creado por la Ley 30 de 1992, busca que los programas académicos y las instituciones de educación superior que pertenecen a él, cumplan con los más altos requisitos de calidad y realicen los propósitos y objetivos que han declarado tener. Inició su actividad con la acreditación de programas académicos y se expandió hacia la acreditación institucional (1,2).
Los procesos de autoevaluación con fines de acreditación han estado ligados desde sus inicios, a la idea de autonomía y autorregulación, complementada con la exigencia de rendición de cuentas que se hace a la Educación Superior desde distintos sectores sociales.
Por tal motivo debe entenderse que la legitimidad del Sistema está fuertemente ligada con los propósitos de la comunidad académica misma y sus interacciones con la sociedad. Dicha legitimidad es el resultado de una larga deliberación en la que se han venido logrando consensos alrededor de los puntos centrales del sistema; el modelo y sus fases, el concepto de calidad, los factores y características, la metodología para la autoevaluación, la evaluación por pares, etc. La evaluación externa se entiende como un complemento a estos procesos y, por lo tanto los actos de acreditación expresan fundamentalmente la capacidad de autorregulación de los programas académicos y de las instituciones de educación superior (3, 4).
En Colombia, el proceso de acreditación no surge en el marco de la inspección y la vigilancia del estado como sucede en otros países (5-8), sino en el de fomento, reconocimiento y mejoramiento continuo de la calidad. De hecho, hoy se reconoce que la principal y más efectiva inversión realizada en el contexto de la acreditación, no es propiamente la implantación del modelo mismo y de sus procesos evaluativos, sino la inversión en la aplicación de planes de mejoramiento institucional y de programas que han diseñado como requisito para su entrada en el sistema (9-10).
Russian-speaking community of Great Britain today: stereotypical perception, new realities, and development prospects
Authors: Smirnova Galina Evgen'evna
Published: August 2021

The subject of this research is the Russian-speaking community of Great Britain in the modern sociocultural context, which is traditionally characterized by distinct national, cultural and social disunity. The object of this research is the Russian world of Great Britain within the framework of modern Russian-British relations and sociocultural context of the country of residence. The attitude towards Russian-speaking immigrants from the former USSR republics was affected by multiple stereotypes. The current changes in foreign policy, deterioration of relations between the two countries, amendments to British legislation, Brexit, on the one hand, while economic cooperation and cultural exchange between the countries on the other hand, influence life of the community, forming a new context of being in a foreign cultural environment. The novelty of this research lies in the attempt to assess the impact of the ongoing social processes upon the image, public perception, and quantitative indicator of the Russian community in Great Britain, which is extremely relevant due to the absence of such data in the research literature. Based on the historical and analytical analysis of media materials, sociological surveys, legislative and diplomatic documents, it becomes evident that the number of Russian-speaking citizens who are ready to make Britain their place of residence has significantly reduced compared to the end of the previous century, and there are no prospects that this number would increase. The lifestyle these people is also undergoing changes due to the introduction of new laws in Great Britain. In the conditions of the overall deterioration of political situation, the contacts in economic and cultural spheres remain unchanged, creating a positive image of Russia in the eyes of the British people, as well as the presence of initiatives to improve cooperation between the two countries.
Creolized Texts of Old Tiflis (On the Example of Pirosmani, Elibekyan, Ayvazyan)
Authors: Simyan T. S.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the visual and speech genres of Old Tiflis, which are revealed in the visual and verbal texts of famous artists N. Pirosmani, V. Elibekyan and Armenian writer A. Ayvazyan. The carnival spirit of Old Tiflis influenced the visual and verbal signs of the gastronomic infrastructure. The article is written by a semiotic, typological method, as well as an interdiscursive approach (painting, fiction). In addition, Bakhtin’s theory has become a metalanguage for identifying speech genres of urban space.

An empirical analysis of the material showed that Pirosmani's paintings were a vivid example of visual advertising and, in fact, were multichannel creolized texts. Only later, when the symbolic capital of Pirosmani increased, his paint- ings began to be perceived as glowing examples of primitivism. In other words, they were “connected” to global discourse, and their primary function was for- gotten. In the main function of the signage, the paintings were the products of demand of the gastronomic infrastructure of Old Tiflis: they depicted the frames “food”, “feast”, they were also visual menus of Tiflis gastropubs (dukhans).

The utilitarian demand for signs generated the brilliant paintings of Pirosmani, and at the same time, he became the author of urban space. This phenomenon is also affected in the literary discourse (A. Ayvazyan), in which two methods of modeling urban space are manifested. Firstly, the city is mod- eled in consciousness, expressed at the level of the signified (maps, sketches), and then embodied in life. That is how many cities of historical Armenia were built in diachronic point of view. Secondly, the painter (Pirosmani, Grigor – the hero of the story of Ayvazyan) painted and created in the city space (interior, exterior). The motives of his work were his own inner experiences.

The multilingualism of urban space created a demand for advertising signs in different languages. Since the “social bottom” did not possess the linguistic norm of the Russian language, in the eyes of native speakers the urban texts seemed ridiculous, perceived with humor. Similar texts are found in various artists of Old Tiflis (Pirosmani, Gudiashvili, Elibekyan ect.). The same thing appears in the art discourse (Ayvazyan), which gives examples of playing with names, with language (toasts of fun and burial), etc. In addition, an analysis of such a speech genre as toast revealed that it incorporates proverbs, sayings, and in the thematic plan, the following manifestations can be called: spell-wish, wish-curse, wish-criticism, etc. The presence of a similar speech genre and the revealing of the functioning of the toast showed that eating was comprehended by different wishes, and the thematic and syntagmatic analysis of toasts can become a tool for reconstructing the axiological system of Old Tiflis society (homeland, city, parents, children, sisters and brothers, uncles and aunts, etc.).
Uniqueness and Typicality Effects in Heterosemiotic Units: Algorithm and Analysis Procedure
Authors: Kiose M. I. , Prokofyeva O. N. , Rzhevesskaya A. A. , Kharlamova T. G.
Published: August 2021

The study develops the algorithm of typicality analysis within heterosemiotic units which integrate various semiotic systems and subsystems (multimodal and polycode). The algorithm is tested in four heterosemiotic units of text and image, speech and gesture, multi-discourse and multistylistic unities. The algorithm is a six-step procedure, it defines the type and character of the unit, its parametric activity, parametric synchronization and resonance, and finally diagnoses the typicality of the unit representatives. The study proves that despite the differences within the heterosemiotic units structure, the developed algorithm is productive and can be applied to distinguish the more and less typical unit representatives.
“Russian” and “Soviet” Plot in the Literary Works of Yoko Tavada
Authors: Simyan T. S.
Published: August 2021

In the article the concepts-signified as “Russian” and “Soviet” expressed in the works of the German-Japanese writer Yoko Tavada (born 1960) are touched upon. The concepts signified as “Soviet” and “Russian” do encompass everything that is connected with Russian culture, literature and the Soviet Union. The empirical material for the given depiction were the essay and novel by Tavada “Suspicious passengers of your night trains” (2002, 2009). Based on the example of this novel the attitude of the younger generation of the socialist countries of late 1980s to the Russian language is revealed. The transition of the socialist bloc (Yugoslavia) is described on the example of clothes (jeans, aluminum fork, and pizza), the younger generation (good manners vs. bad manners), and language skills (English vs. Russian). The heroine’s journey along the Trans-Siberian Railway (Moscow – Irkutsk – Khabarovsk) enabled the author to reveal the micro-historical realities of the last decade of the Soviet era.

The plot of the novel showed that in the last decades of the Soviet era there was already a “nostalgia” for household goods, the style of clothing and music, and Western pop culture (Jimi Hendrix, Elvis Presley). During the contact with the main character, the Russian soul (benevolence, openness, hospitality) and low standards of eco-awareness and disrespect for non-smokers in public transport (train) are revealed. The Soviet era is also confessed at the level of smell and food (garlic, cheap cigarettes, onions, black bread, porridge, soup butter drips, vodka, etc.). In the course of the narrative and communication with the surrounding people the Siberian “real” world is indicated, i.e. the poverty of the interior of the Siberian villages of the Soviet era. In the course of describing the Siberian expanse its natural and climatic constants such as cold, snow, bathhouse and birch, the latter as a symbol of all of Russia with its mythological stratum, were presented. The attributive cycle of the Siberian natural-climatic and “material” world is completed by the theme of androgyny opened up in the Siberian bathhouse, which is a space for identifying all types of physical things, that is, of female and male in woman and man.
Probabilidade de eventos Tromboembólicos em pacientes com COVID-19: patogênese e profilaxia
Authors: Vale Vitor Augusto Lima do , Martins Jéssica Brambati , Grossi Júlia Eduarda Queiroz , Durães Pamela Andrea Alves , Campos Raquel Moret Henrique , Ribeiro Thaís Maia , Silvestre Vitor Avelar , Reis Fellipe Julião da Silva
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Analisar, por meio de uma revisão narrativa, os mecanismos fisiopatológicos que predispõem à ocorrência de eventos trombóticos e tromboembólicos em pacientes com Covid-19 e a necessidade de tromboprofilaxia nessas situações. Revisão Bibliográfica: A Covid-19 pode transcorrer com sequelas pós-infecção, destacando-se os eventos trombóticos, responsáveis por elevada mortalidade. A patogênese exata da trombose nesses pacientes não é totalmente esclarecida, mas sabe-se que a doença promove resposta inflamatória exacerbada, a qual cursa com endotelite, hipercoagulabilidade, redução da fibrinólise e hipoxemia. A coagulação intravascular disseminada, à qual estão sujeitos os pacientes infectados, também contribui para o surgimento de tromboembolismo arterial e venoso. Portanto, a Covid-19 predispõe ao surgimento de outras afecções vasculares, como tromboembolismo pulmonar e acidente vascular encefálico, além da doença de Kawasaki em crianças. No intuito de prevenir esses eventos, recomenda-se o uso de heparina de baixo peso molecular em dose profilática, associado às terapêuticas mecânicas, tanto no ambiente hospitalar, como na atenção primária. Considerações finais: A patogênese da Covid-19 ainda deve ser elucidada. Diante da gravidade dos eventos trombóticos da doença, propõe-se teorias baseadas na existência de múltiplos fatores favoráveis ao desenvolvimento desta condição. Diante disto, a profilaxia antitrombótica, atua como fator significante na prevenção de fenômenos pró-coagulantes.
Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Polymorphism with Pulmonary Functions in South Indian Population -A cross sectional study
Authors: Dhanalakshmi Y. , Feula Jothi Marie , Pal Gopal Krushna
Published: August 2021

Objectives:

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is an elastase released by activated macrophages. Increased activity of elatase can lead to extracellular matrix degradation.The study was aimed to estimate and correlate serum MMP-9 levels and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with pulmonary function test parameters.

Materials and Methods:

In the current study, we have recruited healthy South Indian adults. After obtaining informed written consent, 5ml of venous blood was collected. Pulmonary function testing was done by spirometry. DNA extraction and Real time Polymerse Chain Reaction (RT PCR) was done. Serum MMP-9 and MDA levels were estimated.

Results:

The genotype frequency of AA, AG, and GG was 26 (21%), 53 (42%), and 46 (37%), respectively. The frequency of the “A” allele was 0.42 and the “G” allele was 0.58. On comparison, serum MMP-9 levels were found to be elevated significantly in the AA genotype. Serum MDA levels were also elevated in the AA genotype but the difference was not statistically significant. On correlation, there was a significant negative correlation between serum MMP-9 levels and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters in individuals with the AA genotype. A negative correlation was also found between MDA levels and PFT parameters in AA genotype but it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Hence, we conclude that the AA genotype individuals may be more prone to extracellular matrix degradation when they are exposed to oxidative stress and environmental stressors such as smoking and air pollution.
Clinical Outcomes and Prevalence of Intravascular Ultrasound Use at a Tertiary Care Hospital in a South Asian Country
Authors: Rahman Nasir , Ullah Ihsan , Adnan Ghufran , Khan Maria Ali , Farhad Awais , Shah Izat , Abidi Jabir
Published: August 2021

Objectives:

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) plays a pivotal role in the current era of coronary interventions. We aimed to determine the prevalence of IVUS use and clinical outcomes of IVUS-guided percutaneous treatment of coronary arteries lesions in a South Asian country.

Material and Methods:

It is a retrospective observational study, a total of 134 consecutive patients having done IVUS, was enrolled from January 2013 to March 2020 at a single center.

Results:

Out of 134 patients, 97 (72.4%) were male with a mean age of 63.1 ± 12.9 years. The prevalence of IVUS in our center was 3.0%. The most frequent comorbidity observed was dyslipidemia, n = 111 (82.8%). Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, n = 50 (37.3%), was the common mode of presentation. On coronary angiogram, the left main (LM) disease was found in n = 46 (34.3%), however, single-vessel disease, n = 51 (38.1%), was most commonly noted. IVUS utilization was higher in the left anterior descending, n = 94 (70.1%), followed by LM, n = 46 (34.3%). The LM mean minimal luminal area was 6.0 ± 2.6 mm2 and minimal luminal diameter was 4.53 mm ± 0.6 (mean). The coronary artery dissection was noted in n = 15 (11.2%). The mean duration of follow-up in our study was 40.3 ± 30.1 months. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were recorded in n = 13 (9.7%), which included heart failure, n = 4 (3%). Cardiovascular death and target vessel revascularization occurred in n = 3 (2.2%).

Conclusion:

IVUS results in a significant decrease in MACE. Our data might support the broader use of IVUS in both developed and in our part of the world.
Erosive Pustular Dermatosis of the Scalp: Clinicopathological Correlation Leading to a Definition of Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Reschke Robin , Grunewald Sonja , Paasch Uwe , Averbeck Marco , Simon Jan , Wetzig Tino
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPDS) is frequently misdiagnosed as epithelial tumor or trauma. To the authors’ knowledge, no international guidelines or consistent recommendations for treatment of EPDS exist, and histological findings often are labeled as nonspecific. Objective. This study aimed to identify clinical and histological characteristics unique to EPDS to aid diagnosis. Materials and Methods. The biopsies of 21 patients (age range, 73–90 years) with EPDS and who were diagnosed and treated at the Department of Dermatology at University of Leipzig Medical Center and the Asklepios Medical Center, Weißenfels, Germany, were reevaluated by dermatopathologists. Results were correlated with the clinical findings and course. Results. Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp was observed in elderly patients with androgenetic alopecia and field cancerization of the capillitium; most patients had multiple comorbidities. Therapy used to treat actinic keratosis lesions (eg, imiquimod, ingenol mebutate), photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy, trauma, and surgery all were found to have predisposed for or led to EPDS. Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp presented clinically as exophytic crusts and pus overlying shiny granulation tissue. Histopathological findings demonstrated an ulcerated epidermis and dermal infiltrates dominated by lymphocytes together with a multitude of plasma cells. Plasma cells were found in all 21 biopsies and represented a common criterion for the correct diagnosis. The erosive lesions healed well within weeks after therapy with topical steroids. Conclusions. Chronic, poorly healing lesions with crusts and pus over shiny granulation tissue on the scalp are suggestive of EPDS, which should be confirmed by biopsy. Histological clues to a diagnosis of EPDS include dermal infiltrates of plasma cells and lymphocytes. The topical application of high-potency steroids showed great effectiveness in the present study.
Managing Oral Mucositis in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Bolton Laura
Published: August 2021

Patients with oral mucositis (OM) have inflamed epithelial lesions of the mouth that progress to form painful ulcerations with submucosal hemorrhaging and infection. Oral mucositis makes it painful to eat, drink, and speak, resulting in distress, weight loss, and declining health. These symptoms occur in up to 40% of patients within 5 to 10 days after beginning chemotherapy (CT), and in nearly all patients within 1 to 2 weeks of starting radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer. Oral mucositis can be severe enough to interrupt treatment and reduce survival rates. In 2014, the Mucositis Guidelines Leadership Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and International Society of Oral Oncology released OM treatment guidelines aiming to provide nutritional support, while reducing pain, inflammation, hemorrhaging, and oral microbial contamination. This installment of Evidence Corner explores 2 recent systematic reviews of randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence informing clinical decisions in ways that may change thoughts about effective topical OM treatment.
Platelet-Rich Plasma: Optimal Use in Surgical Wounds
Authors: Bolton Laura
Published: August 2021

Activated platelets release a rich broth of growth factors involved in wound healing. One way to deliver activated platelets to wounds is in the form of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) harvested by centrifuging the patient’s venous blood after activating the platelets with collagen or calcium chloride and/or autologous thrombin, then delicately removing the supernatant, called platelet-poor plasma (PPP). Platelet-rich plasma is usually injected into the lesion and/or applied topically, then sealed in or over the wound using a moisture-retentive dressing. Platelet-rich plasma (often with PPP) has been applied at different times, depths, and frequencies to chronic and acute wounds using various PRP doses and vehicles to achieve widely differing results. Meta-analyses have reported that PRP improved healing rates of open diabetic foot ulcers and venous ulcers1,2 and may reduce pain and surgical site infection (SSI) incidence in open and closed acute surgical wounds. However, inconsistency in study methods and outcome measures limited consistency of pain and SSI results.1 No consistent effect on healing or deep SSI rates was reported as a result of adding 1 intraoperative dose of PRP in the surgical site before closing elective foot and ankle surgery incisions of 250 patients as compared with 250 similar patients receiving the same procedure without PRP.3 After decades of research, ideal parameters of PRP delivery and use on each type of wound remain unclear for improving SSI, acute wound pain, and healing outcomes. This installment of the Evidence Corner reviews 2 surgical studies that may provide clues about optimal PRP use. One triple-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) focused on irrigation of freshly closed carpal ligament surgical incisions with PRP as compared with PPP.4 Another non-blind RCT explored the effect of injecting PRP into open pilonidal sinus excisions 4 days and 12 days after surgery.5
Unusual Presentation of a Renal Vein Invading Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma with Non-Specific Gastrointestinal Symptomatology: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Surgical Oncology, Currae Cancer & Multispeciality Hospital, Mumbai, India, SS Kadam , S Reddy ,   Department of General Surgery, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India, G Vidolkar ,   Departmrnt of Onco-pathology, Parikshan Surgical Pathology and Cytology Lab, Mumbai, India, T Kadam ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Conwest & Jain Superspeciality Eye Hospital, Mumbai, India
Published: August 2021

Introduction: We are reporting a case of 62 year old male patient with central obesity presented with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms which was misdiagnosed and treated according to its symptomology. After complete evaluation found to have a large right Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) with involvement of right renal vein and later he underwent right radical nephrectomy. The presentation of RCC is variable and most of the times it presents with nonspecific symptoms. The classic triad of loin pain, hematuria and abdominal mass is found only in 4-17 % of cases. The incidence of RCC is 2.2% and mortality rate is 1.8% worldwide, in 2018. In India, its incidence is around 1.3% and mortality is 1.3% in 2018. It occurs predominantly in the 6th to 8th decade of life with median age at diagnosis around 64 years. Due to earlier detection of these tumors, the incidence has increased threefold than the mortality. One of the established risk factor for RCC is cigarette smoking. As the use of cigarette smoking increases the stage of RCC advances further.
Assessment of Essential Newborn Care Practices in the Squatter Settlements of Islamabad Capital Territory in Pakistan
Authors:   Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan, RH Hassan , SH Hamid ,   Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan, TR Reza ,   Centre for Global Public Health, Islamabad, Pakistan, KH Hanif ,   Centre for Global Public Health, Islamabad, Pakistan, JB Blanchard ,   Institute of Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Canada, FE Emmanuel ,   Institute of Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Canada
Published: August 2021

Background: While Pakistan has shown progress in reducing child mortality, significant challenges exist in reducing neonatal mortality rate. WHO recommends a package of “essential newborn care” practices based on effective coverage to improve newborn survival. Aim: To assess the coverage of Essential Newborn Care (ENC) as defined by WHO guidelines, in the squatter settlements of Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT). Methods: This cross-sectional survey gathered community-based data on newborn care practices from 416 eligible mothers within randomly selected squatter settlements of ICT. Three composite outcomes (safe cord care, optimal thermal care and good neonatal feeding) were generated by combining individual practices from a list of WHO recommended ENC practices. ENC was considered when all practices within each domain of safe cord care, ideal thermal care and good neonatal feeding were fulfilled. Results: Only 2.9% of newborns received all components of WHO recommended ENC. Seventeen percent newborns received safe cord care, 40.4% received optimal thermal care and 28.8% followed WHO recommended neonatal feeding practice. Various cultural and societal misconceptions were reported which translate into harmful practices for newborn care. Conclusion: The study highlighted an extremely low coverage level of effective essential newborn care. Pakistan needs to address issues of quality care for newborns through policy and programs which focus on Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH) continuum of care. It needs a concerted effort at the grass root level, especially training front line workers to educate mothers on various cultural and societal misconceptions that translate into harmful practices for newborns.
Synthesis, X-ray structure analysis, and vibrational spectral studies of 1-(3-((6-bromopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)- 3-cyclopentylurea
Authors: Luo R.-S. , Mao S.-N. , Liu C.-J. , Zhou Z.-X. , Huang Z.-Y.
Published: August 2021

A new pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative 1-(3-((6-bromopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)-3-cyclopentylurea is designed and synthesized. The final structure is characterized by 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR, MS, FTIR. In addition, the crystal structure of the title compound is determined by X-ray diffraction. With the 6-311G(2d,p) basis set, the molecule is further explored using density functional theory (DFT) by the B3LYP method. The final results show that the DFT optimized structure of the title molecule is consistent with the crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The Hirshfeld surface analysis and the 2D fingerprint plot are given to support the quantitative analysis of intermolecular interactions and contacts generated by supramolecular accumulation in crystals. The interactions of the title molecule are analyzed by the natural bond orbital analysis. Finally, the molecular electrostatic potential and frontier molecular orbitals are further investigated using DFT.
Синтез и кристаллическая структура кластерных ионных комплексов [Cu2(en)2(μ-CN)][{Cu(en)}3Re6Q8(CN)6]·en·H2O (Q = S, Se)
Authors: Ермолаев А.В. , Смоленцев А.И. , Миронов Ю.В.
Published: August 2021

Два новых соединения состава [Cu2(en)2(μ-CN)][{Cu(en)}3Re6Q8(CN)6]·en·H2O (Q = S, Se) синтезированы в сольвотермальных условиях из смеси CuCN, этилендиамина (en) и Cs2.67K1.33[Re6S8(CN)2(OH)4]·4H2O или Cs2.75K1.25[Re6Se8(CN)4(OH)2]·H2O соответственно. В результате реакции происходит замещение лигандов OH– на CN– и формирование гран-изомерных анионов [{Cu(en)}3Re6Q8(CN)6]–, отрицательный заряд которых компенсирует комплексный катион [Cu2(en)2(μ-CN)]+. Полученные соединения изоструктурные; они охарактеризованы методами ИК спектроскопии, элементного анализа, РСА.
Структура, магнитные и магнитокалорические свойства субмикронных частиц железо-иттриевого феррита со структурой граната
Authors: Киселева Т.Ю. , Уянгаа Э. , Костенко O.В. , Тяпкин П.Ю. , Иваненко И.П. , Жолудев С.И. , Марков Г.П. , Девяткина Е.Т. , Жаргалан Н. , Григорьева Т.Ф. , Сангаа Д. , Илюшин А.С.
Published: August 2021

Методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии, рентгеновской дифракции, рамановской и мессбауэровской спектроскопии, измерением полевых и температурных зависимостей намагниченности насыщения и магнитокалорического эффекта в переменном магнитном поле исследованы субмикронные частицы иттриевого феррита, синтезированные методом обратного соосаждения из растворов нитратов при разном значении pH с последующей термообработкой. Размер, фазовая чистота и структурное состояние синтезированных частиц определяют демонстрируемую ими величину магнитокалорического эффекта во внешнем переменном магнитном поле величиной 370 кГц, 1.77 кА/м.
REVIEW OF THE INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION AND PRIMARY TILLAGE OPERATIONS ON WEED SEED BANK
Authors: Al-Hajaj Nawal
Published: August 2021

In this study, we reviewed weed seed bank dynamic and main agriculture operations to come up with the weed seed management modeling designed to increase crop productivity by removing weed competition. Weed contributing with 10% loss of total global grain production. Weed seed bank regulate by five demographic processes seedling recruitment and survival, seed production, dispersal and seed survival in soil. The main agriculture operations that interference with weed seed bank are crop rotation and primary tillage. Tillage systems affect weed emergence, management, and seed production; therefore, changing tillage practices changes the composition, vertical distribution, and density of weed seed bank in agricultural soils. Weed species vary in their response to various crop rotations, due to the variability of weed-crop competition in their relative capacity to capture growth–limiting resources. Crop rotations affect weed emergence, management, composition, and density of weed seed bank. Finally, the study suggests elevating crop competitiveness against weeds, through a combination of crop rotation and reduce_ zero tillage, has strong potential to reduce weed-induced yield losses in crop.
FIELD-TESTING A THROUGH-THE-BIT HIGH-DEFINITION ELECTRICAL BOREHOLE IMAGER FOR OIL-BASED MUD
Authors:   Schlumberger, Bloemenkamp Richard , Haddad Elia ,   Schlumberger, Bize-Forest Nadege ,   Schlumberger, Comparon Laetitia ,   Schlumberger, Schlicht Peter ,   Schlumberger
Published: August 2021

A new, through-the-bit, ultra-slim wireline borehole-imaging tool for use in oil-based mud provides photorealistic images. The imager is designed to be conveyed through drill-pipe. At the desired well section, it exits the drill pipe through a portal drill bit and starts the logging. Field test measurements in several horizontal, unconventional wells in North America show images of fine detail with a large amount of geological information and high value for well development. A relatively new solution for conveying tools to the deepest point of a high angle or horizontal wells uses a drill bit with a portal hole at the bit face. As soon as the bit reaches the total depth, a string of logging tools is pumped down through the drill pipe. The tools exit the bit through the portal hole, arriving in the open hole and are ready for the up log. The tools operate on battery and store the log data in memory so that no cable is interfering as the drill pipe is tripped out of the well while the tools are acquiring data. The quality of wireline electrical borehole images in wells drilled with oil-based mud has significantly improved in recent years. Modern microresistivity imagers operate in the megahertz-frequency range, radiating the electromagnetic signal through the non-conductive mud column. A composite processing scheme produces high-resolution impedivity images. The new, ultra-slim borehole-imager tool uses these measurement principles and processing methods. Innovating beyond the existing tool designs the tool is now re-engineered to dimensions sufficiently slim to fit through drill pipes and to use through-the-bit logging techniques. The new, ultra-slim tool geometry proves highly reliable and, due to the deployment technique, highly effective in challenging hole conditions. The tool did not suffer any damage and showed only minute wear over more than twenty field test wells. The tool’s twelve-pad geometry provides 75% coverage in a six-inch diameter borehole and its image quality compares very well with existing larger tools. The field test of this borehole imaging tool covers all scenarios from vertical to deviated and to long-reach, horizontal wells. Geological structures, sedimentary heterogeneities, faults and fractures are imaged with detail matching benchmark wireline images. The interpretation answers allow operators of unconventional reservoirs to employ intelligent stimulation strategies based on geological reality and effective well development. A new high-frequency borehole imager for wells drilled with oil-based mud is introduced. Deployed through the drill pipe and its portal bit, the imager carries photorealistic microresistivity images into wells where conventional wireline conveyance techniques reach their limits in both practicality and viability.