bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Content Analysis of Communication in Agrarian Conflict Resolution between the Indramayu Farmers' Union and Perum Perhutani
Authors: Siregar Ballian , Sumardjo Sumardjo , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi , Purnaningsih Ninuk
Published: January 2024

Agrarian conflicts in Indramayu between the Indramayu Farmers' Union (STI) and Perum Perhutani are complex issues that involve various parties and different interests related to agricultural land. This research aims to analyze conflict resolution using a communication approach. This study employs a constructive paradigm with a qualitative content analysis method. The research highlights critical strategies, including accurate understanding and effective information dissemination. An in-depth understanding of ownership rights, laws, and regulations is necessary for all parties. Information dissemination through various communication channels, such as open meetings, workshops, and social media, helps reduce misunderstandings and improve transparency. They were second, creating a space for dialogue and active participation of involved parties. Dialogue spaces allow parties to speak openly, listen to perspectives, and seek solutions by involving STI, Perum Perhutani, the government, law enforcement agencies, NGOs, academics, and the community. The creation of dialogue spaces should be inclusive. Furthermore, negotiation and mediation approaches help reach a middle ground. Negotiation allows parties to discuss differences and find mutually beneficial agreements. Mediation, involving a neutral third party, facilitates dialogue and finds solutions acceptable to all parties. This approach focuses on collaboration for sustainable resolution. Finally, a holistic approach involves legal clarification, community empowerment, livelihood diversification, and improved communication. Conflict resolution considers social, cultural, and economic aspects. A combination of conflict resolution strategies can address agrarian conflicts in Indramayu, leading to harmonious agricultural land management and promoting the parties' well-being.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Good Corporate Governance, dan Leverage Terhadap Tax Avoidance
Authors: Setyarini Yulia , Priscila Chandra Esther , Beauty Veronica , Novita Vivian
Published: January 2024

Pajak berperan penting dalam meningkatkan stabilitas pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Maka dari itu, pajak bersifat “memaksa” sehingga dapat menjadi suatu beban tersendiri bagi Wajib Pajak karena pajak menjadi pengurang laba bersih. Pasalnya, setiap perusahaan mengarah pada satu tujuan yakni: memaksimalkan laba dan meminimalkan biaya, termasuk biaya pajak. Dikotomi tersebut memicu terjadinya tax avoidance yang dapat mengakibatkan berkurangnya penerimaan kas negara. Oleh karena itu, Studi ini ditujukan supaya secara empiris menegaskan dampak profitabilitas, komisaris independen, komite audit, kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional serta leverage perusahaan pada tindakan penghindaran pajak. Metode yang dipakai pada pengkajian ini yakni kuantitatif dengan memakai data sekunder dari laporan keuangan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada masa 2018-2022. Sampel dipilih memakai metode purposive sampling serta dianalisis memakai teknik regresi linear berganda. Hasil pengkajian mengungkapkan bahwasanya profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan pada penghindaran pajak. Sebaliknya, komisaris independen, komite audit, kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional serta leverage tak memiliki pengaruh signifikan pada penghindaran pajak.
Kebutuhan Harga Diri dan Aktualisasi Diri Generasi Milenial sebagai Asisten Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Sibarani Ebenezer Muaratama , Purwadi Purwadi , Puruhito Dimas Deworo
Published: January 2024

Generasi milenial dalam bekerja terkenal dengan sifat yang menginginkan fleksibilitas waktu, tidak menyukai sesuatu yang folmal, dan tidak ragu untuk berpindah-pindah. Terdapat perbedaan antara karakteristik generasi milenial dengan profesi sebagai asisten kebun kelapa sawit, bekerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit terkenal dengan jam kerja yang terikat, sangat mengedepankan hirarki kekuasaan atau bersifat formal. Perbedaan ini tidak serta-merta membuat asisten kebun milenial takut untuk bekerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Salah satu teori yang mencoba menjelasakan terkait fenomena ini adalah teori hirarki kebutuhan oleh Abraham Maslow. Maslow berpendapat seseorang akan termotivasi untuk melakukan sesuatu dikarenakan adanya kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi, motivasi yang dimaksud juga mencakup motivasi dalam memilih pekerjaan. Hirarki kebutuhan yang akan diteliti adalah kebutuhan Harga Diri dan Kebutuhan Aktualisasi Diri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk menemukan bagaimana pemenuhan kebutuhan harga diri dan aktualisasi diri asisten perkebunan kelapa sawit milenial. Sebanyak 31 responden dipilih secara purposive sampling dan dilakukan wawancara mendalam menggunakan kuesioner dengan jawaban terbuka. Sebanyak 76,6% responden menyatakan bahwa kebutuhan harga diri telah terpenuhi di perkebunan kelapa sawit dan menurut 92% responden kebutuhan aktualisasi diri telah terpenuhi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebutuhan harga diri dan aktualisasi diri asisten kebun generasi milenial di perkebunan kelapa sawit telah terpenuhi.
Karakteristik Fisik Mie Basah Bebas Gluten dengan Penambahan Bubuk Daun Kersen
Authors: Setyowati Lisus , Handayani Anna Mardiana , Kusumasari Findi Citra , Nurul Satya Malinda Capri
Published: January 2024

Makanan sumber karbohidrat yang cukup populer belakangan ini diantara semua kalangan usia di Indonesia adalah mie.  Mie dari tepung kentang telah banyak dibuat, guna memberikan manfaat lebih dari olahan mie perlu diberikan bahan tambahan berupa bubuk daun kersen.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi secara fisik mie basah bebas gluten berbahan dasar tepung kentang dan tepung tapioka  yang diharapkan juga kaya antioksidan dengan tambahan bubuk daun kersen. Bahan utama penelitian ini adalah tepung kentang dan bubuk daun kersen yang di dapat dari Kabupaten Jember. Mie basah selanjutnya dilakukan uji fisik dengan  penentuan parameter fisik meliputi daya serap air, indeks regangan dan indeks warna menggunakan metode statistik uji ANOVA, dan apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  daya serap air berkisar antara 70 – 190%, dimana daya serap air paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan T1K3. Indeks regangan mie basah tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan, namun perlakuan T1K3 memiliki indeks regangan terbaik yaitu 0,17. Hasil indeks warna berdasarkan pada L, a dan b yakni L berkisar 42,30 – 46,90, a berkisar antara 2,05 – 4,75, b berkisar antara 11,5 -14,50. 

Kata kunci — Mie Basah, Tepung Kentang, Bebas Gluten, Bubuk Daun Kersen
Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Sifat Listrik Polimer Konduktif Polianilin TiO2 Berpenguat Nano Serat Pinang
Authors: Afri Hafiza Rahmi Zul , Mahyudin Alimin
Published: January 2024

This research serves to see the effect of temperature on conductive polymers, and the temperature variations used are 27 â„ƒ, 37 â„ƒ, 47 â„ƒ, 55 â„ƒ, 67 â„ƒ, and 77 â„ƒ. The polyaniline used is pure polyaniline and a mixture of polyaniline, TiO2, and nano areca fiber with a mixture percentage of 70%: 27%: 3%.Â  Polyaniline is produced from polymerization of aniline monomer and ammonium peroxydisulfate and nano arecafibers are used from nano arecafibers that have been produced in previous research. Electrical properties testing consisted of electrical conductivity and capacitance tests using an LCR meter. The results showed the lowest conductivity value at 27 â„ƒ was 0.18 Ã— 10-2 S /cm, and the highest conductivity value at 77 â„ƒ was 1.22 Ã— 10-2 S/cm for pure polyaniline, while the mixed polyaniline obtained the lowest conductivity value at 27 â„ƒ was 0,85 Ã— 10-2 S/cm, and the highest value at 77 â„ƒ was 3.61 Ã— 10-2 S/cm. For the capacitance test, the highest value was obtained at 6.8 Î¼F and 18.9 Î¼F. From the results obtained, the higher the temperature, the higher the conductivity value produced, while the capacitance results show that the higher the temperature used, the lower the capacitance value.
Karakteristik Koefisien Absorpsi Bunyi dan Impedansi Akustik Dari Serat Ampas Tebu dan Plastik Dengan Metode Tabung
Authors: Oktavia Reni , Elvaswer Elvaswer
Published: January 2024

Kebisingan adalah suara atau bunyi yang mengganggu di lingkungan masyarakat sehingga menyebabkan kesehatan terganggu seperti menurunnya etos kerja dan tidak bisa konsentrasi. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian tentang karakteristik koefisien absorpsi bunyi dan impedansi akustik dari serat ampas tebu dan limbah plastik dengan metode tabung impedansi telah dilakukan. Material akustik yang diuji adalah campuran limbah plastik dan serat ampas tebu dengan perbandingan massa plastik (g):massa ampas tebu (g) yaitu 15:0 (sampel 1), 5:15 (sampel 2), 10:15 (sampel 3), 15:15 (sampel 4), 20:15 (sampel 5), dan 0:15 (sampel 6). Frekuensi uji yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz, dan 8000 Hz. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai koefisien absorpsi bunyi tertinggi yaitu 0,96 pada sampel 6 saat frekuensi 1000 Hz, dan nilai koefisien absorpsi terendah yaitu 0,88 pada sampel 1 saat frekuensi 8000 Hz. Nilai impedansi akustik tertinggi yaitu 2,94 dyne.sec/cm5 pada sampel 6 saat frekuensi 1000 Hz, dan nilai impedansi akustik terendah yaitu 0,97 dyne.sec/cm5 pada sampel 1 saat frekuensi 8000 Hz. Semakin banyak serat ampas tebu yang ditambahkan pada plastik, maka nilai koefisien absorpsi semakin tinggi.
Pengaplikasian Alat Ukur Tinggi, Berat Badan, dan Penentuan Status Gizi pada Balita Berbasis ESP32 WROOM 32 melalui Telegram
Authors: Adrian Diana Rahmi , Harmadi Harmadi
Published: January 2024

Balita merupakan usia yang peka terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan atau disebut juga dengan usia emas. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan Balita dapat diketahui dengan pemantauan secara berkala status gizi berdasarkan usia, berat badan, dan tinggi badan. Ketidakseimbangan tumbuhkembang pada usia Balita dapat mengakibatkan efek jangka pendek dan jangka panjang mulai dari penurunan sistem kekebalan tubuh, kerusakan otak hingga dapat mengidap penyakit degeneratif saat dewasa. Telah dirancang alat ukur tinggi badan, berat badan, dan penentuan status gizi pada Balita berbasis Mikrokontroller ESP32 WROOM 32 melalui Telegram. Sensor yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Ultrasonik HC-Sr04 dengan ketelitian 97,47% untuk mengukur tinggi badan Balita dan Load cell 40 kg dengan ketelitian 99,61% untuk mengukur berat badannya. Berdasarkan data input identitas (Id), usia, dan jenis kelamin serta data yang diukur oleh sensor menghasilkan keluaran berupa status gizi. Alat ini dapat mengukur tinggi, berat badan, dan menentukan status gizi Balita usia 1-5 tahun. Alat ukur ini sudah dapat menentukan status gizi Balita berdasarkan Berat Badan menurut Umur (BB/U), Tinggi Badan menurut Umur (TB/U), dan Tinggi Badan menurut Berat Badan (TB/BB) yang tampil pada TFT LCD dan Telegram Bot. Â Pengukuran ini dilakukan pada enam orang Balita. Hasil dari pengukuran ini semua Balita memiliki status gizi kategori BB/U dan TB/BB dengan status normal namun pada kategori TB/U lima Balita berstatus gizi normal namun satu diantaranya memiliki status gizi kategori TB/U dengan status pendek berdasarkan Grafik Pertumbuhan Anak (GPA).
GeoVin - a project with technological innovation and community participation for the comprehensive approach to Chagas disease and triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)
Authors: MARTI Gerardo A. , DIBENE Bárbara M. , BALSALOBRE Agustin , VICENTE María E. , BRUNO Emiliano A. , COCHERO Joaquín , CECCARELLI Soledad
Published: January 2024

Chagas disease is one of the most important public health problems in America, involving triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in the vectorial transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi (Protista: Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae). In Argentina, 15 species of triatomines are distributed, of which seven are the most common in the domicile and peridomicile, while the rest are mainly associated with wild environments. Due to the lack of updated data of geographic distribution, the GeoVin Project arises to provide not only a triatomine digital tool of triatomine notification, but also resources with information about Chagas and triatomine vectors. The aim of this paper is to present, describe and highlight the progress of the project, emphasizing the principles of participatory science and entomological surveillance. So far, more than 2,300 web visits have been recorded and the application has been downloaded over 3,400 times. The contribution of the project in articulating with the corresponding government health agencies and the immediacy of the interaction with the community are key elements for the project success. At the same time, the information collected is a constant input for updating the geographical distributions of Argentinian triatomines.
EDM Electrode Design and Analysis to Enhance Process Performance
Authors: Abbas Ahmed Mohammed , Khleif Ali Abbar
Published: January 2024

Electric discharge machining (EDM) is regarded as one of the most energy-efficient manufacturing processes for exceptionally accurate processing of any electrically conductive material, regardless of mechanical properties. EDM is a non-contact process utilized in various industries, including aerospace, industrial, instruments, molds, dies, and medical tools; also, it is beneficial for hard materials with simple or proficient geometries and shapes. Although EDM is for machining "difficult to machine" metals, such as those used in the mold and die industries, metal properties indicate potential capability in the domain of surface modification due to the electrical spark between the tool and the work material. This paper investigates the machining of Alloy steel X210 by using the most affecting parameters and how electrode angles contribute to responses, as MRR, Electrode wear ratio, and surface finish, which the manufacturing industry uses to make die tools, molds, automotive parts, and other products. Electrodes with angles of 0o and 90o are used to machine workpieces using WEDM (dk7740). Electrode Angle, peak discharge current, pulse-on time, and pulse-off time were controllable parameters in this study. While all other criteria are constant, variables have been studied. The effects of the four aspects on the four variables were statistically analyzed using ANOVA by MINITAB. Regression models for the responses were developed. Regression mathematical models have been developed for Alloy steel X210 workpieces to increase productivity and industry results.
The image of the Kalmyks in the descriptions of foreign travelers of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century
Authors: Dordzhieva Elena Valerievna
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the work is to identify the features of the formation of an ethnic image and its constituent elements, which have become widespread in the works of foreigners. The subject of this article is the image of the Kalmyks, created by foreign travelers of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century. The research material is travelogues by foreign authors, which allow taking into account the subjective moment of perception, revealing the problem of historical reality and its representation in a historical source. The article assumes the solution of the following tasks: 1) identification of the factors that led to the perception of Kalmyks by observers, 2) description of the means used by foreign travelers, recreating in travelogues the main features of the image of Kalmyks, and their worldview, which influenced the construction of this image, 3) assessment of the socio-cultural consequences that arose as a result of the formation of ethnic stereotypes about Kalmyks. The historical discourse of otherness is revealed using the method of semiotics. The analysis of narrative details and the logic of the text revealed information about foreigners' ideas about Kalmyks and stereotypes associated with the perception of the "Other". The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the works of Russian and foreign researchers in the field of imagology. There are no special imagological studies in Kalmyk historical science, which gives relevance to this work. The novelty of the work lies in the correlation of travelogues' information about the Kalmyks with the civilizational models prevailing in the public consciousness of observers in the XVII – first half of the XVIII century. Through the semiotic analysis of texts, the systematization of travelers' value judgments has been carried out. The results obtained indicate that the structure of the ethnic stereotype is characterized by a certain task. Foreigners' ideas about Kalmyks allowed them to take an inside look at their imaginary universe. Travelers imagined their world to be the center of the universe, on the outskirts of which were the Kalmyks barbarians. When explaining the difference between the "own" and "alien" world, the authors used the techniques of comparison and inversion. The interpretation of Kalmyk realities is achieved with the help of such a topos of ethnographic discourse as a story about miracles. Through the denial of negative traits attributed to "Others", one's own identity is being formed, a stable image of "One's Own". The ideas of travelers influenced the formation of the image of the Kalmyks in Europe and the Ottoman Empire.
Analisis Manajemen Perencanaan Kurikulum dalam Menghasilkan Kualifikasi Lulusan Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab di Indonesia
Authors: Oktavera Hasnil , Sutiah  , Ritonga Apri Wardana , Ernawati  , Pratiwi Bety Dwi
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the curriculum planning management strategy based on Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) in the Arabic Language Education Study Program in Indonesia in producing graduate qualifications that meet community needs and job demands through online surveys. This research is qualitative in nature by inviting responses from 4 Heads of Study Programs and analyzing curriculum documents for the Arabic Language Education Study Program. The study program criteria are selected to represent State General Universities and State Islamic Religious Universities. The results of the research show that the curriculum planning management strategy carried out in the Arabic Language Education Study Program in Indonesia is: a) Mapping the main and supporting profiles of graduates in accordance with needs and job opportunities, b) Forming a special team to manage the MBKM program, c) Planning a budgeting system funding for the MBKM program with clear regulations, d) Carrying out effective and deep-rooted socialization, e) Increasing lecturer competency, f) Reforming Arabic language learning based on information technology and integrated with multidisciplinary science, and g) Optimizing partnership collaboration with various parties, especially industry. Through this curriculum planning management strategy, 10 profile qualifications for graduates of the Arabic Language Education Study Program suit the needs and demands of the job market. From the results of this research, it is hoped that there will be further mapping of the 10 profile qualifications of graduates of the Arabic Language Education Study Program in Indonesia along with their instruments.
āl-Irhāb āl-Ijrāmiy fi Bandung fi āl-Akhbār āl-'Arābiyāh ālā āl-Intirnit; Istinādān ilā tāhlil āl-Khithāb ān-Naqdiy li Theo Van Leeuwen
Authors: Aprilia Lulu Eka , Hidayatullah Achmad Diny
Published: January 2024

The mass media plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion and influencing people's perceptions of important issues being discussed, one of which is terrorism. This research aims to identify and analyze critical discourse through exclusion strategies and inclusion strategies and describe the three Arab online media in constructing news. This research uses a critical discourse analysis approach from Theo van Leeuwen's perspective. Researchers used qualitative methods with content analysis techniques from Arabic online media, namely al Arabiya.net, al Jazeera.net, and okaz.com.sa with the theme of Indonesian criminal terrorism news namely Suicide Bombing in Bandung December 7, 2022 edition. The collection technique uses the documentation, observation, and record method. The results of the research show that the exclusion strategy is used in the media al Arabiya.net with 2 data and al Jazeera.net with 1 data, and the inclusion strategy is used in the media al Arabiya.net 6 models, al Jazeera.net 7 models, and okaz.com.sa as many as 5 data models. The three online media have a tendency towards groups or government agencies rather than terrorists. Furthermore, suggestions for further research use the theory of media psychology and emotional effects.
Tāhlil āl-Insyā’ āl-Thālābi wāl Mā’ānihi fii Surāh Ghāfir
Authors: Rusydi Akhmad , Qomariyah Lailatul , Taufiqurrahman  , Munirah Nida
Published: January 2024

In studying the Arabic language, there is balaghah and there is ma'ani. Insya' thalabi of ma'ani is a sentence that requires a request before not asking. The aim is to describe the types of insya' thalabi in Surah Ghafir and their meanings. This research uses a qualitative approach with Library Research, the object of research is 58 Ayat surah Ghafir of Qur’an. The Research results: (1) found 55 words indicating insya' thalabi in 38 verses with 4 types: (a) al-amr (command) in 25 words with 24 words fi'il amar and 1-word fi'il mudhari' connected with lam al-amr; (b) an-nahi (prohibition) in 1 word in the form fi'il mudhari' which connect to lam an-nahiyah; (c) al-istifham (question) on 17 words in the form of alat: al-hamzah, hal, kaifa, min, ma, aina, ayy, anna (meaning of kaifa). 2 words indicate at-tamanni (wishful thinking) with the tools "asa" and "la'alla"; (d) an-nida (call) on 10 words with the "يا" and 3 rabbana words (letter ya, originally: ya rabbana). (2) The meaning of insya' thalabi in Surah Ghafir is that there are 2 original meanings and non-original meanings: the original meaning for al-amr (commandment) is ad-do'a, an-nash wa al-irsyad, al-iltimas, as-sukhriyyah wa at-ta'jiz, al-ihanah, ar-raja', al-irshad, at-ta'jiz, and at-takwin; for an-nahi (prohibition) one word with original meaning is found. For al-istifham (question) that all the meanings were not original is the meanings of at-ta'ajjub wa at-tahdid, at-tamanni, at-taqrir, al-inkar, an-nafi, at-ta'ajjub, at-nafi wa al-inkar, al-inkar at-taubikh al-tihkam, at-taubikh, al-inkar at-taubikh, at-taqrir at-ta'ajjub, and at-taqri' at-taubikh;  For at-tamanni (wishful thinking), an inauthentic meaning is found, namely at-tarajji;  For an-nida (calling) is original and non-original meanings, the non-original meanings is at-tahassur and ad-do'a. Many types of balaghah are used in the Qur'an and have many meanings and purposes in their use. This analysis contributes to the science of Arabic and the love of the Qur'an as a miracle of God.
Strategi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dalam Upaya Mempersiapkan Calon Mahasiswa Baru ke Timur Tengah (Studi Kasus pada El-Darosah Banten)
Authors: Subhan  , Ghufron Zaki , Indriana Dina , Alawiyyah Azizah , Mufrodi
Published: January 2024

This article aims to analyze the Arabic language learning strategies implemented by El-Darosahat Banten in order to prepare prospective new students for the Middle East, especially Al-Azhar as the oldest university in Egypt. As we know that students who want to continue their studies in the Middle East have increased. Therefore, it requires a strategy in preparing Arabic so that they can follow learning in the Middle East well. This research is qualitative using descriptive analysis methods. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The qualitative approach according to Creswell allows a researcher to become a key instrument, namely as a data collector, behavioral observation, or participant interview. The object of research in this paper is students at the El-Darosah institution who want to continue their studies to the Middle East. The results of this research show that learning Arabic at this institution is for a specific purpose so that it has implications for several things: First, the implementation of Arabic learning at El-Darosah uses private and classical methods so that learning runs effectively; The material is a compilation of many resources pertaining to learning Arabic related to the acquisition of Arabic language skills; Third, in the grammatical aspect, students are required to identify and express ideas about the grammatical structure and style used in the texts provided, so that learning Arabic is more functional. Another strategy used in learning Arabic at this institution is that teachers always motivate students, so predetermined goals of learning Arabic can be achieved effectively and efficiently because students are present physically and psychologically. We recognize that this study has many flaws. Therefore, we hope that there are researchers who can continue our research, such as how the strategy of mastering the Amiyah language because outside of learning, the language used is the Amiyah language.
Activating the Mnemonic Learning Model to Enhance Student Motivation in MTs Miftahul Ulum Situbondo
Authors: Suroiyah Evi Nurus , Ma’arif A. Samsul , Wijaya Mu’alim , Sholihah Laili
Published: January 2024

This research focuses on the activation of the Mnemonic Learning model, with the aim of understanding the process of activating the Mnemonic Learning model at MTs Miftahul Ulum. Based on these issues, the researcher is interested in further exploring them in the form of a scholarly thesis. The research objectives include: How does Mnemonic Learning enhance student motivation at MTs Miftahul Ulum Besuki Situbondo and What is the process of activating Mnemonic Learning at MTs Miftahul Ulum Besuki Situbondo. To address these issues, the author employed a qualitative research method, specifically phenomenological research. Data was collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving various relevant parties related to the research subject. Data analysis involved data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The findings revealed the creation of more active and motivated learning through the use of the Mnemonic Learning model, leading to better understanding of the Arabic language by seventh-grade students at MTs Miftahul Ulum Besuki Situbondo. The author's hope is that the activation of the Mnemonic Learning Model will be able to make students have a high interest in learning Arabic so that they have standardized Arabic language skills.
Konseptualisasi Cara Pandang Islamisasi Bahasa
Authors: Ismail Moh. , Ihdiatul Jannah Lisa , Zubaidi Saleh Sujiat , Rafika Sari Devi
Published: January 2024

Similar terms are frequently heard in several languages, yet every language has its unique viewpoint. As a result, conceptual and semantic shifts within a language are frequent. Nevertheless, problems occur when these modifications are made to important Islamic jargon. It is well recognized that Islam and Arabic are closely related. The Qur'anic text is written in Arabic, which offers a strong basis for the language's semantic perpetuity. The purpose of this study is to investigate how stable the Arabic-Islamic language is and how meaning changes affect important terms in Islam. The research method used is library research, with data collection techniques involving the examination of books as primary sources and journals and articles related to the research topic as secondary sources. The results of the study suggest that certain languages that share terminology with important terms in Islam but have different meanings should be Islamized. The goal of language Islamization is to adapt Western viewpoints of a language to those of Islam, particularly with regard to upholding Islamic ideas. Although Arabic and other languages share many phrases, it is imperative to maintain the Islamic ideals and continuity of meaning in the vocabulary used.
The effects of English language instruction for underachievers in elementary school on the affective domain
Authors:   The Korea Association Of Primary English Education, Kang Jungjin , Yun Jiyeo , Son So-hye
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated learning gaps and academic disparities among students, highlighting the importance of the affective domain. Consequently, there is a growing need for guidance in English learning tailored to underachieving students, taking the affective domain into consideration. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of guidance for underachieving elementary English learners, the impact on their affective domain, and various instructional methods. A meta-analysis of 31 studies was conducted, analyzing overall effects, affective domain outcomes, moderator effects, and independent variable effects. The results showed a substantial average effect size of .95 for guidance on underachieving students in the affective domain. Phonics instruction demonstrated the most significant impact, particularly in the self-confidence, interest, and participation area, while showed moderate effects in the anxiety area. Examining moderator variables revealed that phonics instruction, individualized guidance with minimal group size, and an extended treatment period were most effective. Based on these findings, there is a call for systematic and diverse programs for underachieving English learners, emphasizing the enhancement of the affective domain.
Analytical Method Development Using Quantum Laser Cascade Spectroscopy with Diffuse and Attenuated Total Reflectance for Determining Low Concentrations of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Authors:   Center for Chemical Sensors (CC) / Chemical Imaging and Surface Analysis Center (CISAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA, JL Plata-Enríquez , JF Puche-Mercado ,   Center for Chemical Sensors (CC) / Chemical Imaging and Surface Analysis Center (CISAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA, S Palmer-Velázquez ,   Center for Chemical Sensors (CC) / Chemical Imaging and Surface Analysis Center (CISAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA, W Carrión-Roca ,   Center for Chemical Sensors (CC) / Chemical Imaging and Surface Analysis Center (CISAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA, Colón-González Francheska M ,   Center for Chemical Sensors (CC) / Chemical Imaging and Surface Analysis Center (CISAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA, SP Hernández-Rivera ,   Center for Chemical Sensors (CC) / Chemical Imaging and Surface Analysis Center (CISAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA
Published: January 2024

Quantum Cascade Laser Spectroscopy (QCLS) will quantify acetaminophen as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in different low concentrations formulations in tablet presentation. Tablets contain acetaminophen in nine blends ranging from 0.0% to 3.0% w/w, with mannitol, croscarmellose, cellulose, and magnesium stearate, as excipients. The tablets were analyzed in non-contact mode by mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance and diffuse reflectance backscattering. Measurements were conducted covering the spectral range 770–1890 cm-1. Calibrations were generated by applying multivariate analysis using principal component analysis. The high power of the quantum cascade laser-based spectroscopic system attached to attenuated total reflectance and diffuse reflectance backscattering resulted in the design of discrimination methodologies for pharmaceutical applications with acetaminophen as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation. The main conclusion is that attenuated total reflectance is better for other analyses. For tablet analysis using mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers, diffuse reflectance backscattering is more accurate for predicting the API content. QCLS is gaining even more acceptance as a valuable tool in Process Analytical Technology.
Microbiological Skip Test: Fundamentals and Evaluation of Water Activity in Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Authors:   Curso de Farmácia, Faculdade de Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Freitas Natália Silvério de , Sousa Adriana Nascimento ,   Curso de Farmácia, Faculdade de Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Ullah Hussain ,   Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Pakistan, Mussel Wagner da Nova ,   Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Freitas-Marques Maria Betânia de ,   Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Published: January 2024

Quality control is essential for Good Manufacturing Practices in the pharmaceutical industry. The time and costs associated with microbiological quality control are well known. It is proposed the reduction of traditional microbiological methods of counting the total number of microorganisms and research of specific pathogens using the water activity (Aw) method, a practice known as the skip test. The raw material selected as a prototype for this study met the criteria for the feasibility of reductions in analyses having synthetic origins, solid physical state, low or high pH in aqueous solution, and Aw results below 0.75 at a temperature of 25°C, and absence of nonconformity records. The risk management process was implemented using risk analysis with the mode, effect, criticality, failure analysis tool, and opening change control with the replacement of microbiological standard by Aw in 20 sequential batches after complete analysis of the first batch received in the year. It was possible to certify the microbiological quality of the selected pharmaceutical ingredients using the AW results, thereby confirming the feasibility of the skip test.
Excellent Blood Glucose Levels for 5 Years with Well Maintained Insulin Secretion by the Treatment Comprising a Once-Weekly Injection of Dulaglutide: GLP- 1RA Alone in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Heartnet Hospital, Fukuoka, 819-0002, Japan, Nagafuchi Seiho , Mine Keiichiro ,   Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 849-8501, Japan, Shiratsuchi Taizo ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Heartnet Hospital, Fukuoka, 819-0002, Japan, RN Erika Shibayama ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Heartnet Hospital, Fukuoka, 819-0002, Japan, RN Azusa Mitsueda ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Heartnet Hospital, Fukuoka, 819-0002, Japan, akahashi Hirokazu ,   Liver Center, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan, Anzai Keizo ,   Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
Published: January 2024

As a result of worsening of diabetes mellitus control to 9.1% hemoglobin A1c, a 61-year-old male Japanese patient began treatment with once-weekly subcutaneous injection of 0.75mg dulaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) alone. As a result, he demonstrated excellent diabetes mellitus control at an approximate 6.0% to 6.7% hemoglobin A1c level with this treatment alone for 5 years. The insulin secretion activity was well maintained as assessed by the HOMA-β score from 2.7 to 10.2. Interestingly, slight increase of insulin resistance, as assessed by the HOMA-IR was observed from 0.7 to 1.1. Taken together, the mild increase of insulin secretion may have been a positive reaction to keep good control of diabetes mellitus in response to slightly increased insulin resistance. Thus, a long-lasting favorable effect of treatment with dulaglutide alone, not only for diabetes mellitus control, but also for keeping insulin secretion, was demonstrated by this patient.
High-speed cryo-microscopy proves that ice-nucleating proteins of Pseudomonas syringae trigger freezing at hydrophobic interfaces
Authors: Bieber Paul , Borduas-Dedekind Nadine
Published: January 2024

Ice-nucleating proteins (INpro) trigger the freezing of supercooled water droplets relevant to atmospheric, biological, and technological applications. Ice nucleation caused by INpro from the bacteria Pseudomonas syringae has been suggested to initiate at the bacterial membrane or at the air-water interface (AWI) of droplets. Here, we show direct evidence of this proposed mechanism. We monitored the freezing of droplets, between two hydrophobic glass slides, with a high-speed camera on a cryo-microscope. Onset nucleation sites of INpro from sterilized P. syringae (Snomax) were enriched at the AWI of the droplets. Removing cellular fragments by filtration or adding surfactants increased the frequency of nucleation events at the AWI. On the other hand, cultivated intact bacteria cells or lipid-free droplets nucleated ice without an affinity to the AWI. Overall, we provide visual evidence that INpro from P. syringae trigger freezing at hydrophobic interfaces, with important mechanistic implications for applications of INpro.
Experimental Study and Turbulence Dissipative Scale Modelling of the Rapid Micromixing of Impinging, Paper-Thin Sheets of Liquids
Authors: Demyanovich Robert
Published: January 2024

Previous studies have shown that the impingement of thin liquid sheets produces high energy dissipation rates due to the release of kinetic energy in a very small volume of liquid (0.0001 to 0.01 g), even though flowrates are on the order of L/min. Rapid micromixing occurs because the dissipated energy leads to a substantial reduction in the initial segregation size scale of the liquids, which is the single-sheet thickness at impingement (~ 100 μm). In the present study, the micromixing was investigated by following the progress of an acid-base neutralization accompanied by a change in fluorescence intensity of a fluorophore. Micromixing was modeled using a framework that assumes diffusion and reaction of species occur within slabs of fixed thickness (2L). The slabs are fixed in size because the released kinetic energy is dissipated within one turnover time of the large energy-containing eddies produced in the turbulent impingement zone. A simulation, which included a module for calculating the fluorescence intensity, determined 2L for experimental energy dissipation rates ranging from 5,000 to 7,700,000. 2L was found to lie in the range of turbulent dissipative scales less than the Taylor microscale but greater than the Kolmogorov microscale. 2L is a function of the energy dissipation rate, kinematic viscosity, large-eddy Reynolds number and fluctuating turbulent velocity. For some correlations, 2L follows the same relationship as the Taylor microscale, but for others, the relationship is analogous to the Kolmogorov microscale.
Photoinduced Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Acylsilanes with Azoles
Authors: Zheng Long , Li Ying-Chao , Wu Yichen , Wang Peng
Published: January 2024

The transition metal-catalyzed direct coupling reac-tions involving electron-rich Fisher carbene species are largely underdeveloped and remain a big chal-lenge. Here, we report a direct coupling reaction of azoles with Fisher copper carbene species bearing an α-siloxy group, which could be in-situ generated from acylsilanes catalytically under photoirradiation and redox-neutral conditions. This reaction features mild conditions and remarkable heterocycle compat-ibility. Notably, this protocol tolerates a series of azole derivatives, including benzoxazole, benzothia-zole, benzoimidazole, benzoisoxazole, oxazole, oxadi-azole, triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine, purine, caffeine etc., which is highly synthetic useful in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical discovery. Preliminary mecha-nistic studies and kinetic analysis implied a bimetal-lic relay process.
A Closed Bipolar Electrochemical Cell for the Interrogation of BDD Single Particles: Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation
Authors: Dettlaff Anna , Tully Joshua , Wood Georgia , Chauhan Deep , Breeze Ben , Song Lijiang , Macpherson Julie
Published: January 2024

A closed bipolar electrochemical cell containing two conductive boron-doped diamond (BDD) particles of size 250 – 350 um, produced by high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) synthesis, has been used to demonstrate the applicability of single BDD particles for electrochemical oxidative degradation of the dye, methylene blue (MB). The cell is fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing and the BDD particles are located at either end of a solution excluded central channel. Platinum wire electrodes placed in each of the two outer solution compartments are used to drive electrochemical reactions at the two BDD particles, which, under bipolar conditions do not require direct electrical connection to a potential source. Experiments using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) show that the anodic pole BDD particle is able to electrochemically remove > 99% of the dye (originally present at 1 x 10-4 M) to undetectable UHPLC-MS products in 600 s. Monitoring of the time dependant change in MB peak area, from the UHPLC chromatograms, enables a pseudo first order rate constant of 0.54 min-1 to be determined for MB removal. Given the large scale at which such particles can be produced (tonnes), such data bodes well for scale up opportunities using HPHT-grown BDD particles, where the particles can be assembled into high surface area electrode formats.
Selected ion monitoring for orbitrap-based metabolomics
Authors: Lu Wenyun , McBride Matthew J. , Lee Won Dong , Xing Xi , Xu Xincheng , Oschmann Anna M. , Li Xi , Bartman Caroline , Shen Yihui , Rabinowitz Joshua D.
Published: January 2024

Orbitrap mass spectrometry in full scan mode enables simultaneous detection of hundreds of metabolites and their isotope-labeled forms. Yet sensitivity remains limiting for many metabolites, including low concentration species, poor ionizers, and low fractional abundance isotope-labeled forms in isotope tracing studies. Here we explore selected ion monitoring (SIM) as a means of sensitivity enhancement. The analytes of interest are enriched in the orbitrap analyzer by using the quadrupole as a mass filter to select particular ions. In tissue extracts, SIM significantly enhances the detection of ions of low intensity as indicated by improved signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios and measurement precision. In addition, SIM improves the accuracy of isotope-ratio measurements. SIM, however, must be deployed with care, as excessive accumulation in the orbitrap of similar m/z ions can lead, via space charge effects, to decreased performance (signal loss, mass shift, ion coalescence). Ion accumulation can be controlled by adjusting settings including injection time and target ion quantity. Overall, we suggest using full scan to ensure broad metabolic coverage, in tandem with SIM for accurate quantitation of targeted low-intensity ions, and provide methods deploying this approach to enhance metabolome coverage.
Total Synthesis of the Zwitterionic Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 51191 O-antigen
Authors: Shelke Aishwarya , Mishra Amar Kumar , Ghosh Bhaswati , Marchetti Roberta , Silipo Alba , Kulkarni Suvarn
Published: January 2024

Herein, we report an efficient total synthesis of Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 51191 zwitterionic trisaccharide repeating unit. Striking features of the target molecule are the presence of rare sugars, six nitrogen atoms dispersed over three sugars and functionalities like carboxylic acids and an amide. Challenges such as installation of 1,2-cis glycosidic linkage in AAT sugar, glycosylation using GlcNAcA donors with less reactive 4-OH of GlcNAcA, orthogonal late-stage amino acid coupling in the sterically hindered site, and synthesis of orthogonally protected rare amino sugars have been addressed. The total synthesis of target molecule accomplished via longest linear sequence of 22 steps in 2.3 % overall yield.
Mapping inorganic crystal chemical space
Authors: Park Hyunsoo , Onwuli Anthony , Butler Keith T. , Walsh Aron
Published: January 2024

The combination of elements from the Periodic Table defines a vast chemical space. Only a small fraction of these combinations yield materials that occur naturally or are accessible synthetically. Here, we enumerate binary, ternary, and quaternary element combinations to produce an extensive library of over 10^10 stoichiometric inorganic compositions. The unique combinations are vectorised using compositional embeddings drawn from a variety of published machine-learning models. Dimensionality reduction techniques are employed to present a two-dimensional representation of inorganic crystal-chemical space, which is labelled according to whether they pass standard chemical filters and if they appear in known materials databases.
An Observational Study of Physical Properties of Blood Based on Dosha Dusti in Polycythemia
Authors: Bhatt Sadananda , N Mogasale Prasanna , Chandra Naveen , S Nagaraj
Published: January 2024

Background Polycythemia is a stem cell disorder characterized as pan hyperplastic malignant and neoplastic marrow disorder with predominance of erythrocytes. It may be a primary disease of unknown cause or a secondary condition linked to respiratory disorder circulatory disorder or cancer. Among the saptha Dhatu Rakta is responsible for Jeevana karma. The diseases are manifested due to dosha kopa and most of the diseases are rooted with abnormal Rakta Dhatu. Dushita rakta may exhibit changes in its physical properties and hence causes various diseases. Thus a preliminary study was conducted to assess physical properties of blood based on Dosha dusti using various newly designed laboratory tests in Polycythemia.Objectives To study the physical properties of blood based on dosha dusti with newly designed laboratory tests in Polycythemia.Methods Thirty healthy individuals and thirty individuals diagnosed with polycythemia were selected and subjected to newly designed laboratory tests. The study observations were recorded on specially designed proforma and results were calculated using t-test.Results Statistically significant results were observed in terms of darkness in blood color Varna spreading nature reduced spreading because of Styaya bahala Ghana Picchilaguna and blood viscosity Snigdha Picchila. Though rest of the parameters did not show statistical significance certain observational findings showed satisfactory similarities with the laxana enlisted under Raktadusti.Conclusion In the patients diagnosed with Polycythemia the newly designed test parameters indicated Rakta dushti by Pitta and Kapha dosha.