bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEKANISME PENGGUNAAN UANG PERSEDIAAN DALAM PENGADAAN BARANG DAN JASA PEMERINTAH MELALUI BELANJA ONLINE (SUATU KAJIAN DARI ASPEK HUKUM KEUANGAN NEGARA)
Authors: Bareta Rizky Dian , Ispriyarso Budi , Utama Kartika Widya
Published: November 2018

Peraturan Presiden Nomor 54 Tahun 2010 tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah menjadi awal mula penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam pengadaan barang/jasa Pemerintah dalam e-procurement. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada permasalahan: 1) Apa dasar Pemerintah mendorong pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah melalui belanja online?; 2) Bagaimana mekanisme penggunaan uang persediaan dalam pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah, khususnya penggunaan belanja online dalam tata kelola keuangan negara dengan memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip keuangan negara?. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Spesifikasi dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis. Teknik untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis kualitatif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah 1) Sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban atas prinsip akuntabilitas dalam penyelenggaraan keuangan negara dan 2) Perlu adanya kerjasama dengan sektor e-commerce dan kontrak payung sebagai bentuk kontrak baku yang berlaku umum dalam pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM NASABAH PENGGUNA LAYANAN AGEN BRILINK PADA KEGIATAN PERBANKAN DI KANTOR CABANG BRI PARAKAN
Authors: Kumalasari Rosa , Prananingtyas Paramita , Rahmanda Bagus
Published: November 2018

Agen merupakan pihak yang bekerjasama dengan bank penyelanggara laku pandai yang menjadi kepanjangtangan Bank untuk menyediakan layanan perbankan kepada masyarakat. Laku Pandai merupakan program layanan perbankan tanpa kantor dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam operasionalnya serta membutuhkan kerjasama antara bank penyelenggara dengan pihak ketiga yakni nasabah sebagai kepanjangan tangan bank untuk memberikan layanan perbankan pada masyarakat yang belum mengenal, atau kesulitan dalam menggunakan dan atau mendapatkan layanan perbankan. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan dalam penyelenggaraan Laku Pandai perihal peran bank penyelenggara dalam menentukan nasabah untuk membantu kegiatan perbankan dan berkenaan dengan peran bank penyelenggara dalam mengatur operasional agen Laku Pandai, juga permasalahan perihal perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah yang melakukan transaksi perbankan melalui Laku Pandai.Penulisan karya ilmiah ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yaitu melakukan pengkajian dan pengolahan terhadap data penelitian dengan bertitik tolak pada aspek hukum normatif disertai dengan kajian teoritis hukum, yang didukung oleh fakta-fakta empiris di lapangan, dan bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara sistematik, akurat, dan karakteristik mengenai populasi atau mengenai bidang tertentu. Laku Pandai dapat terselenggara dengan baik diperlukan upaya untuk memperbaiki atau menyediakan jaringan internet di lokasi agen Laku Pandai. Kerahasiaan data nasabah perlu aturan dan sanksi yang jelas mengenai kewajiban agen untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada nasabah agar nasabah tidak perlu merasa khawatir mengenai kebocoran data.
PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH DAN SWASTA DENGAN POLA (BOT) BUILD OPERATE TRANSFER DALAM PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TOL (Studi Pembangunan Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo)
Authors: Puspitasari Ikka , Santoso Budi
Published: November 2018

Pengadaan infrastruktur itu dibutuhkan dana yang sangat besar. Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu perlu diadakan perjanjian kerjasama antara pemerintah dengan swasta, yakni dengan melakukan perjanjian Build Operate Transfer (BOT) merupakan suatu konsep, dimana proyek dibangun atas biaya sepenuhnya dari perusahaan swasta, beberapa perusahaan swasta, ataupun kerjasama dengan BUMN.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yang bersifat yuridis empiris. Metode pendekatan Yuridis Empiris bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara sistematik terhadap objek penelitian yang menunjukkan bagaimana tentang perjanjian kerjasama pemerintah dengan swasta. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa Perjanjian kerja sama pemerintah dan swasta dalam pola build operate and transfer (BOT). Pemerintah dalam hal ini dilakukan oleh Badan Usaha Pengusahaan Jalan Tol telah melakukan kewajiban dengan menyediakan fasilitas berupa lahan sedangkan pihak dalam hal ini PT. Trans Marga Jateng adalah sebagai Perusahaan Pengusahaan Jalan Tol berdasarkan Perjanjian Penguasahaan Jalan Tol (PPJT) PT. Trans Marga Jateng melakukan kewajibannya berupa pembangunan (build) dan melakukan Perencanaan Pendanaan, Perencanaan Teknik, Pelaksanaan Teknik, Pelaksanaan Kontruksi, Pengoperasian, Dan Pemeliharaan Jalan Tol agar bernilai ekonomi (operation). Berakhir perjanjian selama 45 tahun, maka tanah dan gedungnya dikembalikan kepada Pemerintah.
FUNGSI PENGAWASAN KOMISARIS TERKAIT KESEHATAN BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT: PENDEKATAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN ASAS ITIKAD BAIK
Authors: Dharmawan Ni Ketut Supasti , Kurniawan I Gede Agus
Published: November 2018

Kesehatan bank termasuk Bank Perkreditan Rakyat tidak bisa dilepaskan dari peran Komisaris dalam tata kelola institusi perbankan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi fungsi kontrol dan tanggung jawab Komisaris dalam pengelolaan Bank Perkreditan Rakyat yang sehat dalam kaitannya dengan prinsip GCG serta Asas Itikad Baik. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis relevansi antara asas itikad baik dengan GCG bagi kesehatan bank adalah metode normatif. Jenis pendekatan perundang-undangan serta  pendekatan konsep, diantaranya konsep CSR dipergunakan dalam studi ini. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa Komisaris  sebagai wakil pemegang saham berperan penting dalam rangka GCG dan asas itikad baik yaitu bertanggungjawab melakukan pengawasan secara independen  dan  fungsi kontrol  terhadap Dewan Direksi yang menjalankan pengelolaan dalam rangka mewujudkan dan secara berkesinambungan meningkatkan kesehatan bank.Kata kunci: GCG; Asas Itikad Baik; Komisaris; Kesehatan Bank.
ALAT BUKTI KETERANGAN SAKSI MAHKOTA DALAM PERKARA PIDANA PENCURIAN
Authors: Sukadana I Made , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Parman Lalu
Published: November 2018

Negara  Indonesia merupakan Negara Hukum, sedangkan fungsi hukum dalam  negara hukum adalah sebagai “Social Control” (Pengendalian tingkah laku masyarakat), yang maksudnya hukum berfungsi untuk mengatur tingkah laku manusia dalam kehidupan  berbangsa dan bernegara, guna menciptakan suasana  yang tertib, teratur dan tenteram. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaturan keterangan saksi (mahkota) dalam hukum acara pidana di Indonesia, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kategori keterangan saksi (mahkota) dalam praktik penegakkan  hukum tindak pidana pencurian. Pengaturan keterangan saksi (mahkota) dalam Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia tidak diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 184 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Kategori keterangan saksi (mahkota) dalam proses penegakkan hukum tindak pidana pencurian adalah saksi mahkota digunakan dalam hal terjadi penyertaan (deelneming), di mana terdakwa yang satu dijadikan saksi terhadap terdakwa lainnya oleh karena alat bukti yang lain tidak ada atau sangat minim, dan hal ini dimaksud untuk mempermudah pembuktian.Kata Kunci : Alat Bukti; Saksi Mahkota; Pidana Pencurian.
Integracja polityczna Polaków na emigracji. Polonia w Austrii – studium przypadku
Authors: NOWAK Ewa , BERNACKA Ryszarda Ewa , RIEDEL Rafał
Published: November 2018

The main purpose of the survey discussed in this paper is to answer the question of which factors describe the status of political integration of Poles in Austria. Political integration concerns the phenomenon of joining the political life of a given political system and, to some extent, also its results. For the purpose of this study the notion of political integration is to stand for the involvement of the ‘visiting’ citizens in the political life of the ‘host’ state, in particular political participation, taking the form of public activity and voting in elections. The survey adopts a general theoretical model where the state of integration of Poles in Austria is comprehended in terms of a three-element political culture (comprising cognitive, emotional-and-assessing, and behavioral elements). It undergoes external influences, related to the period spent living abroad, and domestic influences of social identity (approached functionally). Additionally, the model assumes that these factors can be internally related. The empirical aspect of the analysis is based on the authors’ own survey carried out using a questionnaire, psychological scale and focus group interview of a sample of Polish émigrés in Austria.
Idea kolegialnej władzy wykonawczej
Authors: ŻYROMSKI Marek
Published: November 2018

Montesquieu’s idea of the tripartite system already expressed a concern with preventing one power from dominating excessively. Another argument for the collegial nature of power is the concern with the continuation of state authorities at the time of crisis (e.g. the tragedy in Smoleñsk). The idea of collegial executive power emerged already in antiquity as evidenced by the two kings in Sparta, the collegiums of archons in Athens, two consuls in the Roman Republic, or the system of tetrarchy, initiated by Diocletian. At present we have the ‘rotating presidency’ in Bosnia or the French principle of ‘cohabitacion’.
Obchody dwudziestolecia III Rzeczypospolitej. Próby kształtowania pamięci zbiorowej polskiego społeczeństwa
Authors: ADAMCZYK Anita , LESIEWICZ Elżbieta , MAZURCZAK Witold , STACHOWIAK Paweł
Published: November 2018

The paper tries to sum up the celebrations to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the Third Republic in 1989 and to present them in the context of the ‘remembrance policy’,meaning the endeavors various circles are engaged in to shape Polish society’s collective memory. The authors analyze the celebrations in terms of several selected aspects. The first one concerns the academic field: conferences, seminars and resulting publications. Another aspect refers to the official celebrations organized by state institutions. The third is about the response and debates taking place in newspapers at that time. The review of different ways of commemorating the anniversary results in the conclusion that they were all strongly politicized and used for the purposes of the current political struggle. This was particularly clear during the official celebrations, divided into those organized by the government and president respectively, yet even the events organized under academic auspices were not free from political manipulation. Therefore, the celebrations corroborated the fact that 1989 has not strongly registered in Poles’ awareness as a generational experience that positively organizes the collective memory; the celebrations did not stimulate a nationwide reflection on the achievements of the era commenced with the events of 1989. They did not make a contribution to creating in the collective memory a ‘national consensus of pride’ at the regained statehood reminiscent of that of the Second Republic.
Tożsamość i pamięć zbiorowa w badaniach politologicznych
Authors: Lipiński Artur
Published: November 2018

The social sciences have experienced an unprecedented interest in the issue of collective memory dating back at least to the 1990s. There has been a veritable avalanche of studies into this topic, editorial series and periodicals have appeared devoted exclusively to it. Simulta- neously, an analysis of the literature on this topic shows that collective memory is not a partic- ularly frequent subject of political science research. It is therefore routine in many works of political scientists to acknowledge the limited number of studies on memory. All that does not mean that the trend has not begun slowly to change. The number of texts on the political as- pects of memory is systematically growing, there are editorial series and monographic issues of scientific periodicals concerning the issue of memory or the political instrumentalization of history. Political scientists are also co-authors of collective works and periodicals of an inter- disciplinary character. The objective of this paper is to analyze a single, but highly influential, issue related to political science research into memory, namely the topic of identity perceived from the perspective of collective memory. The purpose is not so much the exhaustive presen- tation of all the surveys into memory and collective identity in the field of political science but rather establishing the set of main concepts, themes and issues explored by political science literature written in English.
OCHRONA UPRAWNIONEGO Z TYTUŁU PRAWA PIERWOKUPU PRZED POZORNYMI OŚWIADCZENIAMI WOLI
Authors: Mularski Krzysztof , Olejniczak Adam
Published: November 2018

Prawo pierwokupu (art. 596 i n. k.c.) kreuje po stronie zobowiązanego obowiązek sprzedaży rzeczy osobie trzeciej pod warunkiem, że uprawniony ze swego prawa nie skorzysta. Uprawniony z prawa pierwokupu ma zaś możliwość złożenia oświadczenia, że ze swego prawa korzysta. W wyniku złożenia oświadczenia o skorzystaniu z prawa pierwokupu dochodzi do zawarcia umowy między zobowiązanym a uprawnionym na warunkach co do zasady takich, jak te określone w umowie między zobowiązanym a osobą trzecią. Zobowiązany i osoba trzecia mogą na różne sposoby próbować pozbawić uprawnionego jego prawa albo możliwości skorzystania z niego. Jednym z nich jest zawieranie umów pozornych przez zobowiązanego z osobą trzecią. Celem artykułu była próba ustalenia, jakie środki prawne do ochrony przed takimi umowami przysługują uprawnionemu. Szczególne środki przewidziane w Kodeksie cywilnym do ochrony uprawnionego z tytułu prawa pierwokupu okazują się zawodne w wypadku zawarcia pozornej umowy przez zobowiązanego z osobą trzecią. Uzyskanie odszkodowania na podstawie art. 599 § 1 k.c. wymagałoby przeprowadzenia niezwykle trudnego dowodu pozorności, a instrument określony w art. 600 § 1 zd. 2 k.c. w ogóle nie znajduje zastosowania. Bardzo ograniczone są też możliwości korzystania z domniemań faktycznych dla udowodnienia złej wiary zobowiązanego i osoby trzeciej. Nietypowe postępowanie stron (np. zastrzeżenie rażąco nieekwiwalentnej ceny) tylko wtedy może stanowić przesłankę takiego domniemania, gdy strony nie mogą podać żadnego racjonalnego powodu swego postępowania.
TOMASZ SOBCZAK, EKONOMIŚCI CZYTANI, ALE NIE SŁUCHANI. DZIAŁALNOŚĆ ORGANÓW DORADCZYCH PRZY RADZIE MINISTRÓW W POLSCE W LATACH 1957-2006, WYDAWNICTWO KEY TEXT, WARSZAWA 2012, SS. 161.
Authors: Flejterski Stanisław
Published: November 2018

.
Kilka uwag do artykułu Maurycego Zajęckiego Presupozycje surowe i instytucjonalne: próba poszerzenia koncepcji presupozycji tekstu prawnego Marka Smolaka
Authors: Smolak Marek
Published: November 2018

Artykuł zawiera polemikę z wątpliwościami, jakie przedstawił w swym artykule Maurycy Zajęcki. Autor sformułował trzy uwagi. Po pierwsze, uznaje zasadność podziału presupozycji zaproponowanego przez M. Zajęckiego na presupozycje surowe oraz presupozycje instytucjonalne. Po drugie, wbrew stanowisku M. Zajęckiego autor argumentuje, że dany fakt jest faktem instytucjonalnym nawet wtedy, gdy na podstawie wzajemnych oczekiwań zostanie uznany tylko przez dwie osoby. Po trzecie, autor podkreśla, że prawdziwość twierdzeń o istnieniu faktów instytucjonalnych presuponowanych w tekście prawnym jest uzależniona od ich społecznej akceptacji.
O modelu postępowania dyscyplinarnego w sprawach studenckich
Authors: Janusz-Pohl Barbara
Published: November 2018

Niniejszy szkic poświęcony jest problematyce postępowania dyscyplinarnego w sprawach studentów. Rozważenia oscylują wokół trzech wyszczególnionych elementów, jakie przyjęto za kryteria, pozwalające określić model tego postępowania. De facto model postępowania dyscyplinarnego w sprawach studentów stanowiący odwzorowanie – a więc ustalony na podstawie aktualnie obowiązujących w tym zakresie aktów prawnych. Rozważania obejmują kolejno: problematykę przedmiotu postępowania dyscyplinarnego w sprawach studentów, autonomicznych celów tej procedury, jej konstrukcji i podziału zasadniczych ról procesowych, a także określenie katalogu zasad postępowania dyscyplinarnego tego typu. W tle rozważań pozostaje pytanie o wpływ ustawy karnoprocesowej na przyjęty przez ustawodawcę model postępowania dyscyplinarnego w sprawach studentów.
Pojednanie pokrzywdzonego ze sprawcą jako podstawa do umorzenia postępowania w świetle projektu Komisji Kodyfikacyjnej Prawa Karnego
Authors: Sepioło Iwona
Published: November 2018

Artykuł omawia projekt wprowadzenia do Kodeksu karnego art. 59a w brzmieniu następującym: „Na wniosek pokrzywdzonego umarza się postępowanie karne o występek zagrożony karą nieprzekraczającą 5 lat pozbawienia wolności, jeżeli przed rozpoczęciem przewodu sądowego w pierwszej instancji sprawca pojednał się, w szczególności w wyniku mediacji, z pokrzywdzonym i naprawił szkodę wyrządzoną przestępstwem lub zadośćuczynił wyrządzonej krzywdzie”. Projektowane zmiany rodzą szereg wątpliwości. W szczególności nasuwa się pytanie, czy samo pojednanie sprawcy z pokrzywdzonym jest wystarczające do uznania, że zachodzi brak potrzeby ukarania sprawcy. Niniejsze opracowanie stanowi próbę oceny proponowanego przez Komisję Kodyfikacyjną nowego rozwiązania.
Wokół sporów o przestrzeń miejską
Authors: Drozdowski Rafał
Published: November 2018

.
Niezrealizowana rewitalizacja jako niedoskonała gentryfikacja. Analiza procesu ożywiania poznańskiej Śródki
Authors: Nowak Marek
Published: November 2018

Przedmiotem artykułu jest zagadnienie rewitalizacji zdegradowanego fragmentu centrum miasta. Tekst stanowi rekapitulację społecznego i przestrzennego eksperymentu, którym był pilotażowy proces rewitalizacji wdrożony w 2005 r. na terenie poznańskiej Śródki. Istotą zamysłu animatorów procesu była odbudowa przeprawy przez odnogę rzeki Warty, co miało stanowić asumpt do zmian komunikacji i w rezultacie wzmocnić potencjał turystyczny i społeczno-ekonomiczny wschodniej części Poznania. Teoretyczną podstawę analizy stanowiły opracowania Andreasa Billerta – niemieckiego badacza i praktyka rewitalizacji specjalizującego się w procesach odnowy miast wschodnich Niemiec. Tekst stanowi rekonstrukcję głównych tez socjologicznej części publikacji monograficznej będącej formą oceny efektywności rewitalizacji w konkretnych poznańskich warunkach (por. „Oceny rewitalizacji. Studium zmian na poznańskiej Śródce”). Bazę empiryczną stanowiły badania socjologiczne (sondaż i wywiady pogłębione) zrealizowane w 2010 r. na próbie mieszkańców rewitalizowanego obszaru miasta. Zaproponowane wnioski są próbą wskazania, jakie bariery napotyka proces i jakie były zdaniem autora nieprzewidziane skutki podjętych działań.
Powinność w strukturze przestępstwa nieumyślnego
Authors: Fronczak Andrzej
Published: November 2018

W polskiej doktrynie prawa karnego powinność traktowana była tradycyjnie jako jedna z przesłanek przypisania niedbalstwa (nieświadomej winy nieumyślnej). Wynikało to przede wszystkim z brzmienia art. 14 § 2 Kodeksu karnego z 1932 r. i art. 7 § 2 Kodeksu karnego z 1969 r. Analiza dogmatyczna struktury przestępstwa nieumyślnego wskazuje jednak, że powinność przewidywania – leżąca u podstaw zarówno lekkomyślności, jak i niedbalstwa – nie oznacza obowiązku potencjalnego przeżycia psychicznego, ale obowiązek określonego zachowania. W wypadku przestępstw nieumyślnych (do ich popełnienia dochodzi wskutek braku ostrożności) ten obowiązek właściwego zachowania sprowadza się do powinności przestrzegania tej reguły postępowania, której wykluczenie doprowadziło do realizacji znamion nieumyślnego czynu zabronionego. Tym samym powinność jako kategoria normatywna w strukturze przestępstwa nieumyślnego wyczerpuje się na poziomie bezprawności, a nie winy.
Reassessing Accountability and Sophistication of Insured in Insurance Misrepresentation: Lessons and Implications for Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chun-Yuan
Published: November 2018

This paper argues that the “necessity of protection” should be seriously considered when evaluating the effect of misrepresentation, but a substantial criterion or a formal standard with rebuttable and substantial exception is recommended. The weakness of insured is a key characteristic in insurance law. This feature leads to the typical idea that the insured should deserve more protection in insurance contract. However, the necessity of protection may vary in different types of insurance and occasions. Thus, many jurisdictions use consumer or business insurance, sophisticated or unsophisticated insured and similar standard to differentiate the levels of protection for insured. For misrepresentation, one of the most important issue in insurance law, many jurisdictions also use this criterion in designing misrepresentation’s elements and consequences. This paper aims to find justification for this standard theoretically and empirically for Taiwan. The paper starts with the general discussion for distinguishing consumer insurance and business insurance. Then, the focus will be moved on to misrepresentation, especially about the distinction between consumer insurance and business insurance, and its effect on misrepresentation’s elements and consequences. Afterwards, this paper argues the inefficiency of the bright-rule for evaluating the necessity of protection and the distinction between business insurance and consumer insurance. Empirical evidence is also provided to assess the effects of elements in Taiwan. Finally, the study proposes that a substantial criterion or a bright-line rule which can be rebutted by substantial evidence may be a more proper and efficient model.
Aristotle’s Infallible Perception
Authors: Koons Benjamin Robert
Published: November 2018

In the De Anima, Aristotle claims that the five senses are infallible about their proper objects. I contend that this claim means that sight is infallible about its proper object in its most specific form, i. e. sight is infallible about red or green and not merely about color in general. This robust claim is justified by Aristotle’s teleological principle that nature does nothing in vain. Additionally, drawing on Aristotle’s comparison of perception and one’s understanding of the essences, I defend a conception of the senses in which the structure of their contents is simple rather than predicative and show how this coheres better with the rest of my interpretation.
Endogenous Markup, Per Capita Income and Population Size in the Gravity Equation
Authors: Suwanprasert Wisarut
Published: November 2018

While recent studies use asymmetric trade costs and non-homothetic preference to explain why trade grows strongly with income per capita, this paper proposes a new explanation using a random search framework based on Burdett and Judd (1983). I show that the values of international trade flows as a share of income are generally larger in high-income countries because the markups in high-income countries are generally larger than those in low-income countries. In addition, firms’ price setting strategy creates an endogenous wedge between bilateral trade flow and gains from trade.
Microbial indicators and environmental relationships in the Umhlangane River, Durban, South Africa
Authors: Marie Veronna , Lin Johnson
Published: November 2018

The use of rivers for recreational and domestic practices makes it imperative to scrutinize the water quality circulating within surrounding communities. The complexity of biological, physical and chemical constituents in water is constantly evolving. This study evaluated various microbial and physico-chemical parameters in a polluted river system over a 12-month period. Apart from an increase in chemical pollutants, elevated levels of E. coli, total (TC) and faecal (FC) coliforms, and Shigella species could be attributed to faecal contamination entering the catchment. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed a strong relationship between FC, TC and temperature whereas moderate interactions was seen between total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, TC and FC populations. Furthermore, close relationships between the bacterial and phage communities were also observed. The complex interactions of these physico-chemical and microbial indicators could be due to anthropogenic activities, changing climatic conditions and the excreta of infected and non-infected individuals entering the river. Assessing the complexity of aquatic ecosystems can aid in the development of novel, customizable, inexpensive water purification tools.
Long non-coding RNA-2271 promotes osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow stem cells
Authors: Xi Li-Cheng , Li Hong-Yu , Yin Dong
Published: November 2018

Background

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are of great significance for bone regeneration and bone formation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be involved in modulating cell differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the role of lncR-2271 in promoting osteogenic differentiation in human BMSCs.

Methods

Human BMSCs were infected using lncR-2271 overexpression (group A) with lentiviral system or transfected with lncR-2271 siRNA (group B). Cells transfected with scrambled plasmids were used as a negative control (group C). Osteogenesis markers were evaluated using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, RUNX2 and osterix (OSX) at protein levels and calcification by Alizarin Red staining.

Results

BMSCs from group A showed significantly higher ALP activity compared to BMSCs in group B and control group (group C) at both days 7 and 14 following osteogenic induction; ALP activity was significantly lower in the group B compared to the group C. RUNX2 and OSX protein expressions were significantly higher in group A and significantly lower in group B, compared to those in group C, respectively. At day 21, calcification in human BMSCs in group A was significantly higher compared to groups B and C as shown by Alizarin Red staining; calcification was significantly lower in group B compared to group C.

Conclusion

Our data suggested lncR-2271 played a role in promoting osteogenic differentiation in human BMSCs. This study is the first to illustrate the important role of lncR-2271 in bone formation.
Development of a 4 stroke spark ignition opposed piston engine
Authors: Gregório Jorge P. , Brójo Francisco M.
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this project was to develop a low-cost OP engine, 4-stroke, gasoline by joining two single-cylinder reciprocating internal combustion engines with side valves on the block, removing the heads. The chosed engine was Model EY15 of Robin America. Joining these two engine blocks together made possible to build an opposed-piston engine (OPE) with two crankshafts. In this new engine, the combustion chamber is confined to the space inside the cylinder between the piston heads and the chamber between the valves. The pistons move in the cylinder axis in opposite directions, a feature typical of opposed-piston engines. After building the engine, parameters characteristic of the OPE, such as: rotational speed, torque, fuel consumption and emissions, were measured on an Eddy currents dynamometer. With the collected data, power, specific consumption and overall efficiency were calculated, allowing to conclude that the motor with the opposed-piston configuration is less expensive and is more powerful. The development of the opposed-piston engine in this project has shown that it is feasible to build one engine from a different one already in use, reducing the manufacturing and development costs. In addition, higher power can be obtained with better specific fuel consumption and less vibration.
Modeling Long Open-Air Electric Arcs
Authors: Miguel Pablo Mourente
Published: November 2018

This article presents a model of Sparking Gap to be used in the Alternative Transients Program (ATP). The model includes the simulation of breakdown and a representation of the electric arc. The arc will be non-constrained and burn in air at atmospheric pressure, thus a discussion of the model and parameters to be used is presented. The effect of the arc on the interruption of current will be studied. Examples of power arc interruption following an impulse impact on a 230 kV transmission line are presented. The effects of interphase capacitive coupling and line length are discussed, in order to establish guidelines to allow successful reclosing operations.
Research on Induced Voltage and Current for Hybrid Transmission System Composed of GIL and Overhead Line
Authors: Wenjia Xu , Zutao Xiang , Qiyan Ma
Published: November 2018

Gas insulated metal-enclosed transmission line (GIL) is a substitute for overhead line, which is used for power transmitting in complicated geographical or geological environment In order to satisfying the requirements of operation in maintained state, each side of GIL needs to be installed a grounding switch. For the hybrid transmission system composed of GIL and double-circuit overhead line, the whole overhead line will be divided into incomplete transposed/non-transposed parts due to connection of GIL. When one of the grounding switches of GIL closes, it can lead to much greater induced current in each grounding switch. The induced voltage and current for hybrid transmission system will also change because of different parameters between GIL and overhead line. Calculation methods of induced voltage and current for hybrid transmission system with GIL are presented in this paper. Then, calculation conditions for hybrid transmission system are analyzed based on these evidences. Su-Tong GIL pipe gallery project is taken as an example for simulation in ATP/EMTP. Compared with traditional transmission system with overhead line, much higher performance requirements for grounding switches of Su-Tong GIL pipe gallery project are necessary, especially for induced current.
Effects of acupuncture on chronic idiopathic pruritus: an uncontrolled pilot study evaluating inflammatory changes with treatment
Authors: Manway Mitchell , Blackburn Stephanie , Barr Jason , Hull Elizabeth , Averitte Richard , Ahn Yang
Published: November 2018

Background

Conduct a pilot study addressing the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic idiopathic pruritus to aid in the design of a larger clinical trial. Routine laboratory tests to assess systemic inflammation in addition to subjective patient surveys were performed provide documentation of efficacy of treatment.

Methods

Patients with chronic pruritus who did not respond to standard treatment were recruited to participate. After exclusion of systemic or known reversible causes, each patient received up to 10 treatments which were performed approximately one week apart. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before and after a series of acupuncture treatments to evaluate levels of inflammation and pre- and post-treatment surveys were conducted to evaluate levels of perceived itch.

Results

Only one of the ten patients in this study possessed an elevation of ESR before treatment. This patient's ESR value returned to normal range after treatment and this participant reported subjective relief of her pruritus.

Conclusions

Future studies on the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic idiopathic pruritus should focus on those patients with measurable levels of inflammation at the initiation of the study or utilize alternative and more comprehensive values to monitor disease response.
Residual-based a posteriori error estimation for hp-adaptive finite element methods for the Stokes equations
Authors: Ghesmati Arezou , Bangerth Wolfgang , Turcksin Bruno
Published: November 2018

We derive a residual-based a posteriori error estimator for the conforminghp-Adaptive Finite Element Method (hp-AFEM) for the steady state Stokes problem describing the slow motion of an incompressible fluid. This error estimator is obtained by extending the idea of a posteriori error estimation for the classicalh-version of AFEM. We also establish the reliability and efficiency of the error estimator. The proofs are based on the well-known Clément-type interpolation operator introduced in [27] in the context of thehp-AFEM. Numerical experiments show the performance of an adaptivehp-FEM algorithm using the proposed a posteriori error estimator.
Grammaticalization of subject agreement on evidence from Italo–Romance
Authors: Bentley Delia
Published: November 2018

In this paper we consider the grammaticalization of subject agreement adducing first-hand synchronic evidence from presentational VS constructions in Italo-Romance dialects. While the existing literature has placed emphasis on the pragmatic properties of the controller, we explore its semantic properties. We argue that variation in subject agreement can only be fully captured with reference to an independently established semantic scale of subjecthood that is based on the position of arguments in semantic representation, and hence on their lexical entailments.Unaffected actoris the default controller in accusative alignment. The patterns of dialect microvariation arise, in our analysis, from variation in macrorole assignment in presentational focus. Our proposal formalizes at the discourse-semantics-syntax interface the idea that, in presentational VS constructions, the core argument S may be treated as part of the predicate, thus failing to control grammatical subject agreement. This happens in presentational focus because the predication is about an implicit topic. The latter can trigger a type of pronominal agreement that is comparable to Bresnan and Mchombo’s (Bresnan, Joan & Sam A. Mchombo. 1987. Topic, pronoun and agreement in Chichewa.Language63. 741–782) anaphoric agreement. This study provides robust arguments in support of an understanding of subject agreement as the grammaticalization of semantic-relation contrasts, as well as pragmatic-role distinctions.
Frequency and serial order
Authors: Berg Thomas
Published: November 2018

Previous work on frequency has in the main focused on paradigmatic aspects such as irregularity and allomorphy. This study, in contrast, addresses the syntagmatic dimension and in particular examines the effect of token frequency on serial order. A simple prediction follows from the psycholinguistic observation that frequency facilitates the retrieval of linguistic units: frequent units should precede infrequent ones rather than vice versa in the linear representation of speech. This prediction is tested on a total of fourteen phenomena from various languages and found to receive wide support in the domain of word order. However, it exerts only a sporadic influence on morpheme order and apparently no influence on phoneme order. Frequency is argued to be a cost-free, explanatory and pervasive, albeit a relatively weak factor. It is most likely to manifest itself in areas where alternative ordering options are available which are also semantically similar. Frequency may accompany linguistic change through its various stages.
On the phonemic status of nasalized /h̃/ in Modern Zuberoan Basque
Authors: Egurtzegi Ander
Published: November 2018

Modern eastern Basque dialects have several conservative features, including the maintenance of historical /h/, which is lost in other dialects. Zuberoan, the easternmost dialect of Basque still spoken today, shows both this /h/ as well as a phonetically nasalized segment [h̃] which is a reflex of intervocalic *n. In this paper I argue that these two segments contrast in Zuberoan. Evidence for the contrast comes from both a newly described process of assimilation of /h/ to /h̃/ in nasal environments which then serves as a basis of the analogical extension of the nasalized aspirate in a context where it cannot be phonologically derived, and from neighboring Mixean Low Navarrese where the nasalized [h̃] has no other obvious source. Since a contrast between oral and nasalized aspirates is rare crosslinguistically, the Zuberoan and Mixean sound patterns discussed here should be of interest to typologists and phonologists alike.
Coordinating nominal compounds: Universal vs. areal tendencies
Authors: Arcodia Giorgio Francesco
Published: November 2018

Coordinating compounds, i.e. complex word forms in which the constituent lexemes are in a coordination relation, may be divided into two classes: hyperonymic, in which the referent of the whole compound is the “sum” of the meanings of the constituent lexemes (Korowaiyumdefól‘(her) husband-wife, couple’; van Enk, Gerrit J., & Lourens de Vries. 1997.The Korowai of Irian Jaya: Their language in its cultural context. Oxford: Oxford University Press: 66), and hyponymic, where the compound designates a single referent having features of all the constituents (Englishactor-director). It has been proposed that languages choose either type as the one with the “tightest” marking pattern; whereas the crosslinguistic tendency is to have tighter hyperonymic compounds, most languages of Europe rather have tighter hyponymic compounds (Arcodia, Giorgio Francesco, Nicola Grandi, & Bernhard Wälchli 2010. Coordination in compounding. In Sergio Scalise & Irene Vogel (eds.),Cross-disciplinary issues in compounding, 177–198. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins). In this paper, we will test this assumption on noun-noun compounds in a sample of 20 Standard Average European languages and in a balanced sample of 60 non-SAE languages, arguing that the preference for hyperonymic compounds is best explained by the default referential function of nouns; in hyponymic compounds, on the other hand, nouns are used to indicate properties. We will then compare nominal and adjectival coordinating compounds, showing that for the latter the hyponymic compounding pattern is the dominant one, as adjectives are prototypical property-denoting words.
“Morphological transposition” as the onset of recategorization: The case of luxe in Dutch
Authors: Van Goethem Kristel , Koutsoukos Nikos
Published: November 2018

Category change and recategorization processes have received renewed attention in recent years. In this paper, we focus on the shift from noun to adjective on the basis of a corpus-based study of the Dutch lexical itemluxe‘luxury; luxurious’. What is particularly interesting about this case is that in some contextsluxecombines nominal and adjectival properties (e.g.een erg luxe hotel‘a very luxury/luxurious hotel’) and displays someintersective gradience. We will investigate to what extentluxeexhibits the typical profile of an adjective in present-day Dutch by applying a specific set of synchronic criteria, in addition to a diachronic analysis of the data, and by taking into account regional variation between Belgian and Netherlandic Dutch. This detailed data analysis will allow us to examine which type of recategorization process is responsible for the N>A shift. Since the category change is not formally marked, we will examine whether we are dealing with a case of conversion (a regular morphological process of category change) or syntactic transposition (thead hocuse of a lexical item in a syntactic context typical of another category). We will conclude that this particular type of change cannot be correctly attributed to either conversion or syntactic transposition and that a new type of category change should be considered responsible for this case and similar ones, i.e. “morphological transposition”. This process takes place within attributive compounds and is followed by a process of debonding and further context expansion.
The morphologization of negation constructions in Nalca (Mek, Tanah Papua), or, how nothing easily moves to the middle of a word
Authors: Wälchli Bernhard
Published: November 2018

The Mek language Nalca has undergone a rapid synthetization of verbal negation by way of two successive stages of asymmetric negation, the first one involving referential zeroing with a verbal noun, the second one reintroducing person marking with an auxiliary in analogy to non-verbal predicates. This development can be traced in texts in the more conservative closely related Mek language Eipo. Referential zeroing originally had the connotation of absolute negation (more than the denial of one specific event). As Nalca negation was integrated into inflectional morphology, it developed some of the hallmarks of autonomous morphology – morphomes and empty morphs. Nalca negation illustrates how grammaticalization and analogy can go hand-in-hand. The fusion of verbal negation is a case of the morphologization of a construction which does not occur in isolation but in concert with other similar processes, together entailing a fragmentation of negation marking. Finally, the Nalca development shows that cases of fusion of verbal negation must be taken into account when dealing with the interplay of existential negation and verbal negation in terms of cyclic processes.
Sonority distance and similarity avoidance effects in Moroccan Judeo-Spanish
Authors: Bradley Travis G. , Adams Jacob J.
Published: November 2018

This article investigates consonant gemination in late Nineteenth- and early Twentieth-centuryhaketía, a now moribund, regional dialect of Judeo-Spanish spoken in northern Morocco since the late fifteenth century. Some, but not all, consonant clusters arising across a word boundary undergo regressive total assimilation, e.g. [n.n]siudad ninguna‘no city’ but [z.n]laz niñas‘the girls’. We present novel descriptive generalizations to show that regressive gemination is sensitive to the degree of sonority distance between the coda and the onset. Evidence of parasitic harmony comes from lateral+consonant clusters, which undergo gemination only if the target and trigger consonants are already similar in some respect. In the framework of Optimality Theory, we formalize syllable contact as a relational hierarchy of *Distanceconstraints and capture parasitic harmony effects by similarity avoidance, or Obligatory Contour Principle, constraints against adjacent consonants with identical manner and/or place features. These markedness constraints interact with other universal faithfulness and markedness constraints in a language-specific ranking that predicts the attested patterns of regressive gemination. This study lends further support to sonority distance effects and gradient syllable contact in phonological theory and shows that similarity avoidance is also necessary to give a full account of regressive gemination in Moroccan Judeo-Spanish.
Infinite growth of solutions of second order complex differential equation
Authors: Zhang Guowei
Published: November 2018

In this paper we study the growth of solutions of second order differential equation f′′ + A(z)f′ + B(z)f = 0. Under certain hypotheses, the non-trivial solution of this equation is of infinite order.
Chaos and bifurcation in the controlled chaotic system
Authors: Liu Yongjian , Huang Xiezhen , Zheng Jincun
Published: November 2018

In this paper, chaos and bifurcation are explored for the controlled chaotic system, which is put forward based on the hybrid strategy in an unusual chaotic system. Behavior of the controlled system with variable parameter is researched in detain. Moreover, the normal form theory is used to analyze the direction and stability of bifurcating periodic solution.
An efficient numerical algorithm for solving system of Lane–Emden type equations arising in engineering
Authors: Öztürk Yalçın
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this paper is to propose an efficient numerical method for solving system of Lane–Emden type equations using Chebyshev operational matrix method. This method transforms the system of Lane-Emden type equation into the system of algebraic equations with unknown Chebyshev coefficients. Some illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency and validity of the proposed algorithm.
New numerical method based on Generalized Bessel function to solve nonlinear Abel fractional differential equation of the first kind
Authors: Parand K. , Nikarya M.
Published: November 2018

Fractional calculus and fractional differential equations (FDE) have many applications in different branches of sciences. But, often a real nonlinear FDE has not the exact or analytical solution and must be solved numerically. Therefore, we aim to introduce a new numerical algorithm based on generalized Bessel function of the first kind (GBF), spectral methods and Newton–Krylov subspace method to solve nonlinear FDEs. In this paper, we use the GBFs as the basis functions. Then, we introduce explicit formulas to calculate Riemann–Liouville fractional integral and derivative of GBFs that are very helpful in computation and saving time. In the presented method, a nonlinear FDE will be converted to a nonlinear system of algebraic equations using collocation method based on GBF, then the solution of this nonlinear algebraic system will be achieved by using Newton-generalized minimum residual (Newton–Krylov) method. To illustrate the reliability and efficiency of the proposed method, we apply it to solve some examples of nonlinear Abel FDE.
Perioperative Results and Risk Factors for In-Hospital Mortality In Patients With Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection Undergoing Sun’s Procedure - A Single Center Study
Authors: Wu YuHui , Jiang Rui , Xu Ping , Wang Guanron , Wang Jianhu , Yang Sumi
Published: November 2018

Background: The study was to analyze the therapeutic effect and risk factors of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection operated by Sun’s procedure.

Methods: From Jan. 2010 to March 2016, 72 patients whose data was fully accessible underwent Sun’s procedure in our hospital due to acute Stanford type A aortic dissection. Patients were divided into the survival group and the death group, and the risk factors for in-hospital mortality were collected and analyzed.

Results: All 72 patients were diagnosed as acute Stanford type A aortic dissection by CT angiography in which the ascending aorta, aortic arch and descending aorta were involved; these patients were operated by Sun’s procedure. The operation of proximal aorta included 39 Bentall procedure, one David surgery, and 32 ascending aorta replacement. The in-hospital mortality rate was 19.4% (14 patients). Studies showed the risk factors for the in-hospital mortality included the body mass index, cardiopulmonary bypass time, operation time, intraoperative transfusion of red blood cells and plasma volume, and the total perioperative transfusion of red blood cells, plasma and cryoprecipitate volume. Independent risk factors included the body mass index and cardiopulmonary bypass time.

Conclusion: Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection is a severe, complex disease with high in-hospital mortality, though the Sun’s procedure is an effective surgical approach in treating this kind of disease in some center. Body mass index and cardiopulmonary bypass time are independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
PSSA- INTERNATIONAL SOLUTION TO PROTECT THE BIODIVERSITY IN HA LONG BAY - CAT BA MARINE AREA
Authors: Toan Du Van , Dat Le Duc , Ha Phan Nguyen Hai , Anh Tran Thi Tu , Anh Le Tuan , Tien Do Duc , Khanh Le Vu , Hieu Dao Huu , Thuong Trinh Thi Thuong
Published: November 2018

A Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) is an important management tool for biodiversity protection of a marine area. At the time of designation of a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area, an associated protective measure, which meets the requirements of the appropriate legal instrument establishing such measure, must have been approved or adopted by IMO to prevent, reduce, or eliminate the threat or identified vulnerability. Information on each of the Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs) that has been designated by IMO is available on the nautical chart. The Vietnam’s coastal zones and islands are the isolated oceanic habitat of extremely rich marine life in very good condition which is important to the maintenance and dispersal of the marine life of the western tropical Pacific. Vietnam coastal areas are very high risk areas affected by maritime activities, particularly international shipping, therefore in the future identification of some Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs) is necessary. The first Particularly Sensitive Sea Area for Vietnam in Ha Long - Cat Ba was initially proposed in this paper.