bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
К вопросу о связи построения архитектуры и города (архипелаг, анклав, коллаж, гибрид)// Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences 5(14), 2019/ RELF Group & OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Vitaly Yakovlev- Berlin, Germany. 26.09.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - PP. 25-36.
Authors: Яшкевич Ангелина Вадимовна
Published: October 2019

Автором в данной статье с опорой на тексты и проекты архитекторов О. М. Унгерса, Р. Колхаса, А. Росси, К. Роу, П. В. Аурели раскрывается, что в современной архитектуре авторская модель города может быть связана с построением здания при определенной совокупности позиций и тезисов архитектора. Ключевую роль при такой взаимосвязи в современной архитектуре играют формальные модели города архипелага, анклава, коллажа и гибрида. На основе этих моделей обнаружена единая умозрительная логика, способная связать город и его архитектуру, обеспечивая при этом целостность общего и его частей.The author in this article, based on the texts and projects of architects O. M. Ungers, R. Koolhaas, A. Rossi, C. Rowe, P. V. Aureli, reveals that in modern architecture the author’s model of the city can be connected with the formation of a building by a certain set of positions and theses of the architect. A key role in this relationship in modern architecture is played by the formal models of the city of the archipelago, enclave, collage and hybrid. On the basis of these models, a single speculative logic has been discovered as is able to connect the city and its architecture, while ensuring the integrity of the common and its parts.
Holographic geometry and equation the Schwinger-Tomonaga
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: October 2019

Holographic geometry and equation the Schwinger-Tomonaga
Pentingnya Materi Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa di Sekolah
Authors: hanniyah
Published: October 2019

Materi lingkungan dalam pembelajaran bahasa di sekolah dapat menumbuhkan kesadaran siswa terhadap kebersihan lingkungannya. Lembaga pendidikan memiliki peran penting dalam proses pendidikan menumbuhkan wawasan mengenai lingkungan kepada siswa, dan guru dapat menjadi fasilitator dalam proses pengembangan nilai-nilai positif berbasis lingkungan kepada siswa. Kemudian pendidikan dengan wawasan lingkungan dapat diaplikasikan dalam mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan komprehensif dalam menjaga lingkungan.
Pentingnya Lingkungan Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Elvina Vania
Published: October 2019

Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk secara pesat, meningkatnya kebutuhan hidup manusia terhadap sumber daya alam, menurunnya daya dukung tanah, menipisnya persediaan sumber daya alam, dan meningkatnya kadar polusi merupakan masalah-masalah yang dihadapi sebagian besar negara-negara di dunia saat ini.
Esai Pentingnya Materi Lingkungan dalam Proses Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Nisa Rahmi Septia
Published: October 2019

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, penulis dapat menyimpulkan guru memilki peranan penting dalam menerapkan pendidikan lingkungan melalui pembelajaran bahasa. Peran guru tidak hanya mengajarkan akan tetapi, juga sebagai motivator dalam pembelajaran lingkungan bagi siswa, agar siswa termotivasi untuk dapat menerapkan dalam kehidupan sehari–hari Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan memasukkan materi tentang menjaga lingkungan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Selain itu, di perguruan tinggi dosen juga berperan dalam pembentukan perilaku mahasiswa dalam menjaga lingkungan membangun kesadaran dalam menjaga dan perduli terhadap lingkungan. Hal tersebut direalisasikan melalui pembeljaran bahasa Indonesia.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, penulis dapat menyimpulkan guru memilki peranan penting dalam menerapkan pendidikan lingkungan melalui pembelajaran bahasa. Peran guru tidak hanya mengajarkan akan tetapi, juga sebagai motivator dalam pembelajaran lingkungan bagi siswa, agar siswa termotivasi untuk dapat menerapkan dalam kehidupan sehari–hari Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan memasukkan materi tentang menjaga lingkungan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Selain itu, di perguruan tinggi dosen juga berperan dalam pembentukan perilaku mahasiswa dalam menjaga lingkungan membangun kesadaran dalam menjaga dan perduli terhadap lingkungan. Hal tersebut direalisasikan melalui pembeljaran bahasa Indonesia.
Pentingnya materi lingkungan hidup dalam pembelajaran bahasa indonesia
Authors: Agustina Huteri Dea
Published: October 2019

Materi lingkungan hidup sangat penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia, depat membantu siswa dalam membuat teks mengenai lingkungan hidup, dan mengetahui bahwa pentingnya menjaga lingkungan.
Materi Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah
Authors: Wahyudi Dino
Published: October 2019

Dunia menghadapi masalah lingkungan seperti pemanasan global, hujan asam, perusakan lapisan ozon, pencemaran lingkungan, kerusakan alam, dan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati. Aspek yang lebih mengancam adalah ketidaksadaran pengaruh manusia di lingkungan mereka. Lingkungan menentukan dinamika kehidupan, perkembangan spiritual dan mora. Setiap orang memiliki tanggung jawab yang sama untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Kerusakan lingkungan tidak berdapak kehidupan masa sekarang ini dan masa depan
Pengaruh Lingkungan terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: aldiyah maiza putri
Published: October 2019

Lingkungan sangat berpengaruh dalam proses pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia.
Essai: Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Afifah Nabila
Published: October 2019

Teks ini berisi tentang pentingnya tema Lingkungan dalam pembelajaran, khususnya pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia.
Validasi bahan ajar berupa brosur (Kelompok 4 PPS Jurusan Pend. Fisika FMIPA UNP)
Authors: risma mutia , rahmayani  , hndayani fitri
Published: October 2019

Pengembangan bahan ajar dilakukan berdasarkan suatu proses yang sistematik agar kesahihan dan keterpercayaan bahan ajar dapat dijamin. Ada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas bahan ajar dan harus selalu diperhatikan dalam proses pengembangannya antara lain isi, cakupan, keterbacaan, bahasa, ilustrasi dan pengemasan. Dari angket validitas yang diisi oleh 22 penilai, diperoleh rata-rata pada setiap komponen penilaian validaitas yang meliputi komponen kelayakan isi, komponen penyajian, komponen kebahasaan, dan komponen kegrafisan. Pada bahan ajar bervariasi yaitu berkisar antara 87,14 hingga 89,67 dengan nilai rata-rata seluruh komponen sebesar 88,23. Dari nilai tersebut dapat dikemukakan bahwa secara keseluruhan komponen brosurberada pada kategori validitas sangat baik. Jadi, Brosur Hukum Newton tentang Gerak sudah layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
The Ultimate Conspectus of Learning: Reading al-Ghōyah wa al-Taqrīb Throughs It Commentaries
Authors: Mughni Nur Tsalits Fahman , Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: October 2019

Abū Syujā’ Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Aṣfiḥānī’s legal primer entitled al-Ghōyah wa al-Taqrīb for centuries has been the standard textbook for introducing beginners of the fiqh maḋhab Šāfi’ī (Šāfi’ī school of Islamic jurisprudence) to the full range of basic legal issues. This book is great for reading, memorizing, and studying for beginner. To get much out of it, however, we really need to read it with teachers and preferably with it commentary (syarḥ). By proposing this work, we are offer method to read al-Ghōyah wa al-Taqrīb throughs it commentaries, such Fatḥ al-Qorīb al-Mujīb by Muḥammad ibn Qāsim al-Ghozī, Kifāyat al-Akhyār by Abū Bakr ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥuṣnī, and al-Iqnā' fī Ḥalli Alfāẓ Abī Syujā’ by Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥuṣnī al-Šarbinī. Our elaboration reveals that words on al-Ghōyah wa al-Taqrīb are not always the strong opinion in Šāfi’ī school of Islamic jurisprudence and sometimes needs further explanations.
Psychological Value Theory: The Psychological Value of Human Lives and Economic Goods
Authors: Cohen Dale , Cromley Amanda R. , Freda Katelyn E. , White Madeline
Published: October 2019

Here, we present a strong test of the hypothesis that sacrificial moral dilemmas are solved using the same value-based decision mechanism that operates on decisions concerning economic goods. To test this hypothesis, we developed Psychological Value Theory. Psychological Value Theory is an expansion and generalization of Cohen and Ahn’s (2016) Theory of Subjective Utilitarianism. Psychological Value Theory defines a new theoretical construct termed Psychological Value, measures Psychological Value using a traditional psychophysics paradigm, and predicts preferential choice from those measurements using a value-based computational model. We evaluate the validity of Psychological Value Theory across six experiments. In Experiment 1, we use Psychological Value Theory to estimate the perceived Psychological Value of human lives and economic goods. The data reveal that perceived Psychological Value of lives is highly influenced by individual differences of people but minimally influenced by the number of people in a group. In Experiments 2-5 we demonstrate that when used as input in a value-based computational model, perceived Psychological Values of human lives accurately predict participants’ RT and response choices to sacrificial moral dilemmas. In Experiment 6, we replicate these findings for decisions involving economic goods. We cross-validate our results with multiple datasets using multiple methods. We conclude that the same value-based processes underlying economic decisions also underlie choices involving human lives.
Misunderstanding Data on Time: a Cautionary Tale
Authors: Trentini Marco , Rossi Maurizio
Published: October 2019

This article offers a different perspective to that usually used to interpret data on time use. According to current interpretations, the indicators used – mainly generic average duration, specific average duration, the frequency of participation – provide information on the behavior of the individuals in the analyzed sample and, ultimately, the reference population. Here a different interpretation is proposed, based on the fact that the indicators refer instead to a sample of events of participation in activities rather than to the individuals that those events produce. In other words, we try to show that the usual interpretations of these indicators are mostly incorrect.
Motivations for the use and consumption of wildlife products
Authors: Thomas-Walters Laura , Hinsley Amy , Bergin Daniel , Doughty Hunter , Eppel Sara , MacFarlane Douglas , Meijer Wander , Lee Tien Ming , Phelps Jacob , Smith Robert J. , Wan Anita , Veríssimo Diogo
Published: October 2019

The dominant approach to combating the illegal wildlife trade has traditionally been to restrict the supply of wildlife products. Yet conservationists increasingly recognise the importance of implementing demand-side interventions that target the end consumers in the trade chain. Their aim is to curb the consumption of wildlife or shift consumption to more sustainable alternatives. However, there are still considerable knowledge gaps in our understanding of the diversity of consumer motivations in the context of illegal wildlife trade, which includes hundreds of thousands of species, different uses, and diverse contexts. We developed a typology of common motivations held by wildlife consumers that can be used to inform conservation interventions, based upon consultation with multiple experts from a diversity of backgrounds, nationalities, and focal taxa. We identified five main motivational categories for wildlife use: experiential, social, functional, financial, and spiritual, each containing sub-categories. This framework is intended to facilitate more nuanced approaches to demand reduction, such as the tailoring of interventions—whether behaviour change campaigns, enforcement efforts, or incentive programmes—to the specific context in which they will be used. It is an important step towards producing a more systematic approach to designing demand reduction interventions that are more likely to succeed.
Work, childcare, or both? Experimental evidence on the efficacy of childcare subsidies in raising parental labor supply
Authors: Zangger Christoph , Widmer Janine , Gilgen Sandra
Published: October 2019

As a policy tool aimed at raising parental labor supply, childcare subsidies come with high expectations. Using data from a factorial survey, we examine whether childcare subsidies reach their goal. Because of the simultaneity of the decision to take up a job and arranging childcare, we experimentally alter hypothetical income (e.g., gross earnings from a job, income from other sources) as well as aspects of the childcare setting including subsidy levels. Using an alternative specific conditional logit model, we show that subsidies have the expected effect of increasing parents’ labor supply. Moreover, the results from simulations based on the estimated utility function show that varying subsidy levels have different effects on subgroups of parents. Subsidies are especially efficient in raising the labor supply of high income, Swiss-born parents, and especially for women. We also find that subsidies already have the desired effect at 25% of total childcare costs and that the marginal utility of higher subsidy levels decreases quite sharply beyond that threshold. Subsidies covering 25% of the total costs for childcare lead to an approximately 3 hours per week increase in the labor supply of women.
CurmElo: The theory and practice of a forced-choice approach to producing preference rankings
Authors: Sankaran Soham , Derechin Jacob , Christakis Nicholas
Published: October 2019

We introduce CurmElo, a forced-choice approach to producing a preference ranking of an arbitrary set of objects that combines the Elo algorithm with novel techniques for detecting and correcting for (1) preference heterogeneity induced polarization in preferences among raters, and (2) intransitivity in preference rankings. We detail the application of CurmElo to the problem of generating approximately preference-neutral identifiers, in this case four-letter and five-letter nonsense words patterned on the phonological conventions of the English language, using a population of Amazon Mechanical Turk workers. We find evidence that human raters have significant non-uniform preferences over these nonsense words, and we detail the consequences of this finding for social science work that utilizes identifiers without accounting for this effect. In addition, we describe how CurmElo can be used to produce rankings of arbitrary features or dimensions of preference of a set of objects relative to a population of raters.
The MISDEF2 algorithm: an updated algorithm for patient selection in minimally invasive deformity surgery
Authors: Mummaneni Praveen V. , Park Paul , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Wang Michael Y. , Uribe Juan S. , Fessler Richard G. , Chou Dean , Kanter Adam S. , Okonkwo David O. , Mundis Gregory M. , Eastlack Robert K. , Nunley Pierce D. , Anand Neel , Virk Michael S. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Than Khoi D. , Robinson Leslie C. , Fu Kai-Ming , _ _
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) can be used as an alternative or adjunct to traditional open techniques for the treatment of patients with adult spinal deformity. Recent advances in MIS techniques, including advanced anterior approaches, have increased the range of candidates for MIS deformity surgery. The minimally invasive spinal deformity surgery (MISDEF2) algorithm was created to provide an updated framework for decision-making when considering MIS techniques in correction of adult spinal deformity.

METHODS

A modified algorithm was developed that incorporates a patient’s preoperative radiographic parameters and leads to one of 4 general plans ranging from basic to advanced MIS techniques to open deformity surgery with osteotomies. The authors surveyed 14 fellowship-trained spine surgeons experienced with spinal deformity surgery to validate the algorithm using a set of 24 cases to establish interobserver reliability. They then re-surveyed the same surgeons 2 months later with the same cases presented in a different sequence to establish intraobserver reliability. Responses were collected and analyzed. Correlation values were determined using SPSS software.

RESULTS

Over a 3-month period, 14 fellowship-trained deformity surgeons completed the surveys. Responses for MISDEF2 algorithm case review demonstrated an interobserver kappa of 0.85 for the first round of surveys and an interobserver kappa of 0.82 for the second round of surveys, consistent with substantial agreement. In at least 7 cases, there was perfect agreement between the reviewing surgeons. The mean intraobserver kappa for the 2 surveys was 0.8.

CONCLUSIONS

The MISDEF2 algorithm was found to have substantial inter- and intraobserver agreement. The MISDEF2 algorithm incorporates recent advances in MIS surgery. The use of the MISDEF2 algorithm provides reliable guidance for surgeons who are considering either an MIS or an open approach for the treatment of patients with adult spinal deformity.
The case for T2 pedicle subtraction osteotomy in the surgical treatment of rigid cervicothoracic deformity
Authors: Yuk Frank J. , Rasouli Jonathan J. , Arginteanu Marc S. , Steinberger Alfred A. , Moore Frank M. , Yao Kevin C. , Caridi John M. , Gologorsky Yakov
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE

Rigid cervicothoracic kyphotic deformity (CTKD) remains a difficult pathology to treat, especially in the setting of prior cervical instrumentation and fusion. CTKD may result in chronic neck pain, difficulty maintaining horizontal gaze, and myelopathy. Prior studies have advocated for the use of C7 or T1 pedicle subtraction osteotomies (PSOs). However, these surgeries are fraught with danger and, most significantly, place the C7, C8, and/or T1 nerve roots at risk.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed their experience with performing T2 PSO for the correction of rigid CTKD. Demographics collected included age, sex, details of prior cervical surgery, and coexisting conditions. Perioperative variables included levels decompressed, levels instrumented, estimated blood loss, length of surgery, length of stay, complications from surgery, and length of follow-up. Radiographic measurements included C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) correction, and changes in the cervicothoracic Cobb angle, lumbar lordosis, and C2–S1 SVA.

RESULTS

Four male patients were identified (age range 55–72 years). Three patients had undergone prior posterior cervical laminectomy and instrumented fusion and developed postsurgical kyphosis. All patients underwent T2 PSO: 2 patients received instrumentation at C2–T4, and 2 patients received instrumentation at C2–T5. The median C2–7 SVA correction was 3.85 cm (range 2.9–5.3 cm). The sagittal Cobb angle correction ranged from 27.8° to 37.6°. Notably, there were no neurological complications.

CONCLUSIONS

T2 PSO is a powerful correction technique for the treatment of rigid CTKD. Compared with C7 or T1 PSO, there is decreased risk of injury to intrinsic hand muscle innervators, and there is virtually no risk of vertebral artery injury. Laminectomy may also be safer, as there is less (or no) scar tissue from prior surgeries. Correction at this distal level may allow for a greater sagittal correction. The authors are optimistic that these findings will be corroborated in larger cohorts examining this challenging clinical entity.
Postoperative pyoderma gangrenosum after spinal fusion with instrumentation: case report
Authors: Snyder M. Harrison , Ampie Leonel , Forrester Vernon J. , Wilson JoAnne C. , Nguyen James H. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Buchholz Avery L.
Published: October 2019

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare inflammatory dermatosis that is most often associated with inflammatory bowel disease, but which can occur as a pathergic reaction around surgical incisions. The authors report the case of a patient who developed postoperative PG over the course of several months after undergoing extensive spinal instrumentation between the T4 and iliac levels. This is only the second such case occurring after spine surgery to be reported. The authors additionally review the literature to characterize treatment approaches and outcomes for this condition. The case highlights a potentially severe adverse effect of surgery that can be difficult to recognize and causes delays in effective treatment. It also demonstrates the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in the effective care of patients.
Improvement of mechanization and agricultural technologies in the mountainous and foothill regions of the North Caucasus
Authors: ДЖИБИЛОВ С , Dzhibilov Sergey , ГУЛУЕВА Л , Guluyeva Lyudmila , Солдатова Ирина , Soldatova Irina , Хохоева Наталья , Khokhoeva Natalia , Гагиева Светлана , Gagieva Svetlana
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The authors presented the results of scientific research and experimental development, on the basis of which a prototype was designed and created for applying liquid fertilizers to the grass and the soil surface of mountain meadows and pastures in order to improve them, reduce erosion processes and increase productivity. The aim of the work: to develop and create a combined multifunctional unit for the application of liquid fertilizers on mountain meadows and pastures, providing an increase in the productivity of agricultural landscapes and profitability of agricultural production by 15–20 %. The object of the study are fertilizer application rates and interchangeable working parts: a container for liquid mineral fertilizers, a collector of sprayers, tips. The novelty of the technical solution lies in the fact that a combined multifunctional unit based on a chisel cultivator ССМ-2,4 was created for the first time. The research of the unit was carried out on the basis of the workshop of the mechanization group of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture (NCRIMPAC) and at the high-altitude experimental site in the village of Dargavs Prigorodny district of North Ossetia-Alania. When creating a prototype of a unit for applying liquid fertilizers, the developments of the authors are used and combined, which are confirmed by the issuance of patents for useful model of the Russian Federation No. 144420 and No. 130781. As a result of the application of the developed prototype of the unit, the erosion processes are reduced, the productivity and profitability of the sloping lands increases, and the botanical composition of the herbs is improved. It was established that the design and functionality of the proposed unit also allow it to be used in the mountain zone in nursery farms and on tilled crops with simultaneous application of liquid fertilizers in the forest zone. The use of a prototype unit will reduce erosion and other types of degradation of the fertile soil in the mountains, solve the problem of surface improvement of hayfields and pastures and, as a result, increase the productivity of forage lands by 15–20 %.
Influence of different agronomic practices on yield and quality of grains of new winter wheat varieties of breeding of North Caucasian federal scientific agricultural center
Authors: ШЕСТАКОВА Е , Shestakova Elena , Ерошенко Ф. , Eroshenko F. , Оганян Лусине , Oganyan Lusine , СТОРЧАК И , STORCHAK I. , Бильдиева Евгения , Bildieva Evgenia
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the main technological methods of cultivation on the formation of the crop and grain quality of new varieties of soft winter wheat breeding North-Cavcasus FARC. Methods. Statement of field experiment and generalization of research results are made in accordance with the methodical instructions of B. A. Dospekhov. Accounting harvest was performed with the combine method. Technological assessment of winter wheat grain quality was determined according to GOST R 54478-2011. Results. The conducted researches showed that on the predecessor pure steam the studied new grades of a winter wheat form not only a big crop, but also the best quality of grain, in comparison with the predecessor a winter wheat. So, on average in grades for 2015-2018 productivity and amount of crude gluten of a winter wheat in our experiences on the steam predecessor on control made, respectively, 5,0 t/ha and 17,5 %, and on the winter wheat predecessor ‒ 3,4 t/ha and 16,4 %. Improvement of conditions of mineral food provided increase in productivity and amount of crude gluten on the predecessor pure steam, respectively, on 2,2 t/ha and on 5,9 items, and on the predecessor a winter wheat – on 1,7 t/ha and on 2,2 items. Our researches showed that on the sum of the indicators defining stability of a grain yield and its quality, the most perspective grades are the Stavka and Stat'. The scientific novelty consists in that, for the first in the conditions of unstable moistening of Stavropol Krai influence of various elements of technology on productivity and quality of grain of a winter wheat of new grades of selection of the North-Cavcasus FARC is studied.
Introduction and acclimatization of dwarf bearded irises in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute
Authors: Бекшенева Лилия , Beksheneva Liliya , Реут Антонина , Reut Antonina
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The research presents the results of the study of introduced varieties of dwarf bearded irises (Filippok, Deep Lavender, Bright White, Cherry Garden, Clash, Well Suited, Banbury Ruffles, Skip Stitch, Inscription, April Accent, Lace Caper, Double Lament) on the basis of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute UFRC RAS. The purpose of the study: to replenish the collection of the genus Iris L. with new varieties from the classes MDB (miniature dwarf bearded irises) and SDB (standard dwarf bearded irises), their introduction variety study, selection of the most valuable cultivars suitable for introduction into green building. Methods. Seasonal rhythm of plants was studied by the method of phenological observations. The evaluation of ornamental features was carried out according to the generally accepted methodology, and also used the scale of comparative variety evaluation developed by the Main Botanical garden. Results. In the course of phenological observations revealed that the timing of flowering irises all investigated attributed to the early flowering – the beginning of flowering is observed in May. The earliest onset of the flowering phase was observed in the variety April Accent (May 21); at the latest – in the variety Skip Stitch (June 03). The duration of the flowering phase ranged from 10 (Inscription) to 27 (Lace Caper) days. It was found that in the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Ural half of the studied varieties undergo a full cycle of development: they bloom and bear fruit, the remaining varieties are limited to flowering. As result of the conducted evaluation of ornamentality, the studied irises received 90 or more points. The Clash and Well Suited varieties were characterized by highest ornamental qualities, which scored 98 points. Scientific novelty. As a result of the introduction study revealed that high resistance to the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Urals have all studied varieties of irises from classes MDB and SDB. In the future, they can be recommended to replenish the zonal range of cultivated plants of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
The study of the thyroid gland and the adrenal gland in the postpartum period in reindeer
Authors: Слепцов Е. , Slepcov E. , ВИНОКУРОВ Н , Vinokurov Nikolay , Федоров В. , Fedorov V.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Purpose. Examination of the thyroid and adrenal glands in the postpartum period in reindeer. Methods. The objects of the study were morphological changes of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands in the postpartum period. Measurements and weighing are carried out, the state of glands is described. At the same time studied the condition of the genital organs doe some morphological changes, bearing in mind the relation of these glands to the reproductive function. Results. The obtained data on thyroid weight pregnant doe averaged 5.7 g doe in parturition – 45 g, 22–28 days after parturition – 8.9 and 7.3 g (individual animals may be individual differences). The weight of the adrenal glands increases to 5 days of puerperium by almost 1.5 times (2.8–4.8), then decreases to initial values, the size of this organ changes slightly. Thyroid gland pregnant doe and killed in 1–3 days after birth contains different size follicles. In the adrenal glands, the glomerular zone of the cortical substance is thicker than that of the stele doe. On the fifth day of the postpartum period in the ovaries, the largest number of follicles was noted, at the same time, the mass increases and the structure and vascularization of the adrenal glands changes, and in the thyroid gland, on the contrary, the mass decreases, a large number of small follicles are found, which indicates its increased function. Thus, studies have shown significant changes in the size and weight of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland in the postpartum period in reindeer. The scientific novelty is the change in the size and weight of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland of deer in the postpartum period.
Forecasting of the sustainable socio-economic development level of rural areas on the basis of strategic planning
Authors: Никитина Татьяна , Nikitina Tatiana
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to justify areas and activities that contribute to increasing the level of sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas identified through strategic planning. During the research general scientific methods were used, including monographic, index, strategic planning, forecasting, analysis, comparison. The strategic directions for the development of rural areas are defined: improvement of the living conditions of the population, arrangement of rural areas by objects of social, engineering and road infrastructure. The scientific novelty of the study is the proposal of managerial decisions, reflected in the raise of individual indicators that contribute to increasing the level of sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas based on the identified directions. These indicators include: the value of the average monthly wage of employees, average annual population, agricultural production, the amount of investment in fixed capital, the level of gasification of rural settlements, the amount of housing space per rural resident, the level of provision in rural areas of preschool education. The growth rates of indicators were derived on the basis of the conducted analytical study for the period from 2010 to 2018 and the current economic situation. Based on the results of the long-term forecasting, higher sustainability indexes were calculated for each rural municipal district of the Chelyabinsk region. In general the index of sustainability of rural territories of the region will increase by 15.9 % to the end of 2030. The increase in the level of well-being and the improvement of the quality of life of the rural population is affected by the increase in the volume of agricultural production, population, investment, wages, the level of communal infrastructure provision and pre-school education. The practical application of this study results is the possibility of using the above calculations in the program and strategic documentation at the municipal and regional levels.
Methods of integrated assessment of economic security of agricultural organizations
Authors: Сумарокова Марина , Sumarokova Marina , Гущенская Н. , Guschenskaya N.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Purpose. Development and testing of methods for determining the integral indicator of economic security of agricultural organizations. Methodology and methods. The methodology is based on the assessment of the following types of functional components of economic security: financial, technological, personnel, production, resource. For each type of selected system of indicators that reflect the status and efficiency of their operation. In order to avoid random fluctuations, a sample of indicators for 3 years was made, followed by averaging. Each system of indicators is in the process of normalization. All this makes it possible to bring the system of heterogeneous indicators to a single base, and, therefore, makes it possible to integrate their effects. Taking into account the importance of each indicator involved in the calculation, an integral estimate is formed for each group of indicators, and then – by simply summing – an integral indicator of economic security. Results and scope. The method was tested according to the annual reports of agricultural organizations of the Kurgan region. The sample was made for three years in the regions of the region. The calculations allow to rank the territory according to the level of economic security and its functional components. Moreover, the method allows to identify the most vulnerable types of economic security, and, therefore, to properly develop a set of measures to eliminate threats. Scientific novelty. The advantage of this approach is the ability to determine the level of economic security, as a separate economic entity, and a certain territory. In this case, the system of indicators included in the model may vary depending on the purpose of the study, the composition of the functional components. The used mathematical tools, information base make the methodology available for application, analytical research.
Görsel İspat Becerisinin, van Hiele Geometrik Düşünme Düzeyleri ve Uzamsal Yetenek ile İlişkisi
Authors: POLAT Kübra , OFLAZ Gülçin , AKGÜN Levent
Published: October 2019

Matematikte görselleştirme süreci,
araştırmak, keşfetmek ve anlamak için, zihinsel olarak görüntü oluşturma ve
manipüle etme sürecini gerektirir. Nitekim matematikçilere göre görselleştirme
olmadan anlamanın gerçekleşmesi zordur. Görsel temsillerin kullanıldığı görsel
ispatların matematik eğitiminde önemli araçlar olmalarıyla ilgili fikir birliği
vardır. Ancak görselleştirmenin ispat üzerinde etkileri hususunda fikir birliği
yoktur. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma ile van Hiele geometrik düşünme düzeylerinin ve
uzamsal düşünmenin görsel ispatlarla ilişkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır.
Çalışmada korelasyonel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de
bir devlet Üniversitesi’nde İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliğinde öğrenim gören
85 öğretmen adayıyla yürütülmüştür. Verilerin analizi için Spearman korelasyon
katsayısına bakılmıştır. Çalışmada ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının
van Hiele geometrik düşünme düzeylerinin 3. düzeyde yoğunlaştığı
görülmüştür.  Ortaya çıkan sonuçlardan
bir diğeri van Hiele geometrik düşünme düzeyi ve görsel ispat becerisi arasında
anlamlı bir ilişki olmasıdır. Buna karşın görsel ispat becerisi ve uzamsal
düşünme becerisi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Görsel ispatlar
ile uzamsal beceri arasındaki ilişkinin derinlemesine incelenmesi için uzamsal
beceri gerektiren görsel ispatların yer aldığı nitel çalışmalar ve görsel
ispatlar ile ilgili eğitimin van Hiele geometrik düşünme düzeyine etkisini
araştırmak için deneysel çalışmalar yapılabilir.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA MELALUI DESA WISATA DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH PERGERAKAN WISATAWAN
Authors: Tandilino Sari Bandaso
Published: October 2019

Provinsi NTT memiliki 1.192 pulau yang tersebar di 22 kabupaten dan kota dan jumlah desa sebanyak 2.924 merupakan peluang dalam melakukan pengembangan pariwisata pedesaan. Visi dan misi pemerintah provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)  menargetkan pada tahun 2018 memiliki 273 desa wisata yang tersebar di 22 kabupaten/kota .Hingga tahun 2013, NTT sudah memiliki 73 desa wisata, tetapi sesuai dengan program Gubernur NTT , jumlah desa wisata ini akan ditingkatkan menjadi 273 desa selama tahun 2013-2018 menuju pencapaian target menjadikan NTT salah satu destinasi pariwisata dunia 2018. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Importance-Performance Analysis maka dari tingkat kesesuaian diatas diperoleh nilai kesesuaian antara penilaian kepentingan dan harapan wisatawan terhadap kualitas obyek daerah tujuan wisata di Kecamatan Fatumnasi sebesar 77%. Hal ini berarti bahwa persepsi atau penilaian wisatawan termasuk dalam kriteria puas. Berdasarkan hasil diagram kartesius kondisi jalan berada dalam kuadran I , atraksi wisata alam, wisata budaya, buatan manusia , sarana transportasi , rambu lokasi wisata dan homestay dalam kuadran  II , mutu pelayanan amenitas , tourist information center , dan kios souvenir berada kuadran III , dan atribut  kelompok sadar wisata (Pokdarwis) berada dalam kuadran IV.
Kajian Nilai Estetis dan Simbolis Ukiran Masjid Mantingan Jepara
Authors: Irsyada Abdulloh eizzi
Published: October 2019

Masjid Mantingan merupakan sebuah masjid tua yang didirikan oleh seorang Adipati Jepara, Sultan Hadlirin dan istrinya Ratu Kalinyamat pada tahun 1481 Saka atau 1559 Masehi. Selain memiliki keindahan dalam arsitektur bangunannya, juga memiliki ornamen-ornamen kuno bermotif bunga, tumbuh-tumbuhan, binatang dan lain sebagainya yang terukir indah di sekitaran dinding-dindingnya. Keaneka ragaman motif, bentuk maupun pola setiap ukiran ini menjadikan peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui apa saja nilai-nilai estetis dan simbolis yang terkandung dalam setiap ornamen ukiran pada dinding masjid Mantingan Jepara. Nilai-nilai estetis terrepresentasi dalam sebuah media ukir yang kemudian dirancang hingga diukir penuh akan ornamen ukir uang indah, rumit, ngremit dan ngrawit sebagai indikator maju dan tingginya keahlian dan keterampilan seniman ukir Jepara pada masa tersebut. Sedangkan nilai simbolisnya yang penuh akan falsafah kehidupan terrepresentasi atas bentuk komunikasi antar pemimpin (ratu) Jepara pada masa tersebut kepada warganya.
Landscape Level Efforts to Biodiversity Conservation in Nepal: A Review of Current Approach and Lessons Learned
Authors: Ghimire Pramod
Published: October 2019

Nepal’s location in the centre of the Himalayan range places the country in the transitional zone between the eastern and western Himalayas. Nepal’s rich biodiversity is a reflection of this unique geographical position as well as its altitudinal and climatic variations. It is recorded that Nepal has a total of 118 types of ecosystem, 75 vegetation and 35 types of forests. Nepal has put utmost efforts to conserve its rich biodiversity resources. The conservation history began formally after promulgation of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act in 1973. National parks and wildlife reserves were established across the country during the 1970s. However, very soon not only some of the adversities were faced by the local people living around the parks and reserves but also the space constraint was realized for the population distribution and dynamics. By realizing the need of people’s participation in the conservation initiatives, country has tested the concept of different types of protected areas system such as national park, wildlife reserve, conservation areas, and buffer zones over the years. Taking the advantage of new progresses in conservation biology, Nepal adopted landscape level approach to biodiversity conservation and implemented such approaches in some of the key areas since 2000s. This paper discusses Nepal’s effort in implementing landscape level approach to biodiversity conservation and the lessons learned at national context.
Editorial
Authors: Schäfers Marlene
Published: October 2019

Now running in its seventh year, Kurdish Studies has established itself as the leading venue for the publication of innovative, cutting-edge research on Kurdish history, politics, culture and society. According to Scopus scores, our journal is now positioned among the top publications within the History category of the Arts and Humanities, ranking 170 out of 1138 (84th percentile). In Cultural Studies, we stand at rank 193 out of 890 (78th percentile). This year’s second issue of Kurdish Studies brings to you yet another collection of thought-provoking pieces of original scholarship. Gerald Maclean provides us with a literary history of British literary accounts of Kurds and Kurdistan in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Allan Hassaniyan investigates a similar geography, though within the context of contemporary fragmentation by national borders. Our third article shifts the focus from Iran to Iraq. Samme Dick examines the recent turn to Zoroastrianism amongst a growing number of Kurds living in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Penetapan Instruktur Diklat Menggunakan Metode Clustering K-Means dan Topsis Pada PT PLN (Persero) Udiklat Jakarta
Authors: Budiana Nurul Dyah , Siregar Riki Ruli A. , Susanti Meilia Nur Indah
Published: October 2019

Instructor is the main aspect that exists in the implementation of the training. The increasing number of instructors and the need for training is also increasing every year there is no system that can help the process of determining quickly and precisely. In need of a method that can classify the instructor data in accordance with the title of training materials and can be assigned instructor each of the training materials and do not ignore aspects of assessment of the instructor. In this study data mining techniques are used to help recommend instructors for each subject matter of the training based on the cluster data group approach. So it can be used in determining the instructor's assignment per training materials in the future. K-Means clustering method is used to group data into clusters by looking at the centroid  value that has been determined. And the Topsis method is used to assign one instructor's name through the rankings of preference values. In this research CRISP-DM method is used as software engineering method system work done in sequence or linearly. In the testing process has been generated if the manual data and data processing if the application system is the same. This application to facilitate the Supervisor and Learning Development staff in setting instructors per training materials.
Gerbang Tertutup dan Terbuka pada Handphone Android Menggunakan Bluetooth
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Sadi Sumardi
Published: October 2019

The problem with opening the gate opening now is to work manually, which is opening and closing as well secure with a key, then pull or push the gate. This is certainly less efficient and less effective because it requires time and energy to do it. One solution is to make a control device it works automatically ie using a microcontroller, Bluetooth, and servo motor, with communication devices Android-based handphone. Laboratory experimental methods have been carried out to make 'open and close tools the gate with a cellphone'. Based on the results of the trial using Bluetooth and mobile phones, this tool can work up to a distance of 11.5 meters with a response time of 1 second. This prototype tool is very cheap, practical, efficient and effective in opening and closing gates. Not all Bluetooth can open and close gates because the password is required for the accent. This prototype is a simulation tool that works well.
Implementasi Metode FIS Mamdani Pada Aplikasi Jadwal Mengajar Guru Di SMK Adi Luhur 2 Jakarta
Authors: Sunoto Imam , Lukman Lukman
Published: October 2019

Scheduling subjects in a school can support, facilitate and enhance the quality of a school. Subject scheduling generally functions for activities in facilitating the quality of teaching teachers and students in order to create discipline in school performance activities. Along with increasing hours of subjects that require precise and fast accuracy in processing data can also speed up time. In general, the data processing of scheduling subjects at Adi Luhur 2 Vocational School 2 is still done manually and there is often a lack of schedule due to the teacher being absent or teaching in school, so a computerized information system is needed where everything can be done correctly. For that we need a system that can determine the scheduling of subjects so that there is no conflict with other teaching schedules. In this study, Mamdani's fuzzy infrence system (fis) logic is used. With the existence of a teaching schedule management system with fuzzy mamdani method approach more accurately in accordance with the best conditions of the teacher concerned. The results of this study are in the form of a prototype that can process input in the form of teacher's willingness to arrange teaching schedules at Adi Luhur 2 Vocational School Jakarta.
Penerapan Algoritma Naïve Bayes Pada Sistem Prediksi Tingkat Kelulusan Peserta Sertifikasi Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS)
Authors: Rifai Mochamad Farid , Jatnika Hendra , Valentino Bowval
Published: October 2019

This research discusses prediction pass rates the certification microsoft office specialist 2013 version (word and excel) aimed to provide information concerning to pass rates and certification give alternative solutions to determine the program certificationi appropriate to chosen before test certification. Naive bayes used for the classification certification graduation where participants know what information pass and did not finish. Naive bayes is a classification with the probability and statistics to predict opportunities in the future based on the Provided before. In this study, system development CRISP-DM to use of the become more ordered and testing done with the BlackBox to test each function is on the application built. From the study, produce values probability of 0.001042 the accuracy of 99 %. These results, proving that naïve bayes method can be used to assist in a prediction graduation rates participants (word and excel), because it produces quite high accuracy. So participants were able to determine the certification program proper chosen before test certification.
Aplikasi Ujian Online Berbasis Intranet Pada Mata Pelajaran Simulasi Digital Di SMK Yadika 4 Ciledug
Authors: Rahmayu Mulia , Purnomo Catur Eko , Sudrajat Budi
Published: October 2019

Yadika 4 Vocational School is a vocational secondary education institution that was established in 1996 and is located on the highway Raden Saleh No. 11 Karang Tengah. Creative school that provides three majors namely Office Administration (AP), Accounting (AK) and Computer Network Engineering (TKJ). In the learning process Yadika 4 Vocational students get subject matter materials according to their competency skills. Another problem that is when the exam is still seen is cheating, such as cheating, this causes the class to become noisy. The thing that makes the writer take this online exam case study is to prepare computer-based examinations held by the education office. Other problems, namely the values that come out of each subject will be entered manually from each class by the subject teacher concerned, sometimes the teacher feels tired to count and match the answers and the scores of each subject tested. Errors when matching cause repetition of entering data into Microsoft Excel tools that are used as learning evaluation reports to the homeroom of each class. The solution to overcome this problem is by making an online test application with questions and answers on online exam applications to be random in order to minimize fraud. In the making, it is expected that online examinations in schools can provide students with an overview of computer-based exams that have been held by the education office with advantages in terms of time correction, resources from teachers (teachers or employees). The results of this study produced an online test application that has been tested, so that users in this application can be helped as the results of observations made by the author in conducting this research.

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