bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cluster and Outlier Analysis for Ground Water Quality Data in the Regions of Kadapa District in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Devi S.V.S. Ganga
Published: February 2019

Background:

Patents suggest that groundwater contaminated with chemicals, bacteria,
oils or gases etc. leads to many types of diseases in people. Fresh and clean water plays a significant
role in human life. In this study, water samples were collected from different regions of the
Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh.

Methods:

Water samples were collected in plastic bottles with a tight cap washed with distilled water.
Totally, 57 samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for physicochemical properties
like EC (Electrical Conductivity), pH, TH (Total Hardness), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS),Ca,
Cl and F. In this paper, K-means clustering, K-Mediods clustering and Hierarchical clustering
methods are used to group the collected regions of water samples based on the water quality. Later
outlier analysis was carried out and various interesting patterns were identified.

Results:

According to the WQI values calculated, all the collected samples were suitable for drinking
purpose. According to WQI values calculation, for the collected water sample data, it contained
13 poor tuples, 13 good tuples and 31 excellent tuples. According to K-means clustering, 3 clusters
were observed with sizes 8, 17, 32. According to Outlier analysis, the samples from region Pullareddypet
(sample No. 7) had the highest EC, TH and TDS values among the 57 collected water
samples. The samples from region Veerapalli (Sample No. 37) had the highest fluoride value 3.58
among all 57 samples collected.

Conclusion:

Unsupervised learning methods such as K-Means Clustering, K-Mediods clustering
and Hierarchical clustering methods are described for collecting data regarding the collected water
samples’ physico-chemical parameters. The cluster analysis results were compared with WQI values
calculated. The three clusters overlapped with each other with a small degree. In the study area,
for drinking purpose, only excellent, good, poor category tuples were found. Later, outlier analysis
has been described using Box plot method and K-means clustering method. By using outlier analysis
using K-means clustering, various interesting hidden patterns from the data were extracted.
A Human Memory Process Modeling
Authors: Shrivastava Rahul , Kumar Prabhat , Tripathi Sudhakar
Published: February 2019

Background:

The cognitive models based agents proposed in the existing patents are not
able to create knowledge by themselves. They also did not have the inference mechanism to take
decisions and perform planning in novel situations.

Objective:

This patent proposes a method to mimic the human memory process for decision
making.

Methods:

The proposed model simulates the functionality of episodic, semantic and procedural
memory along with their interaction system. The sensory information activates the activity nodes
which is a binding of concept and the sensory values. These activated activity nodes are captured by
the episodic memory in the form of an event node. Each activity node has some participation
strength in each event depending upon its involvement among other events. Recalling of events and
frequent usage of some coactive activity nodes constitute the semantic knowledge in the form of
associations between the activity nodes. The model also learns the actions in context to the activity
nodes by using reinforcement learning. The proposed model uses an energy-based inference mechanism
for planning and decision making.

Results:

The proposed model is validated by deploying it in a virtual war game agent and analysing
the results. The obtained results show that the proposed model is significantly associated with all the
biological findings and theories related to memories.

Conclusion:

The implementation of this model allows humanoid and game agents to take decisions
and perform planning in novel situations.
A Low Power - High Speed CNTFETs Based Full Adder Cell With Overflow Detection
Authors: Saini Jitendra Kumar , Srinivasulu Avireni , Kumawat Renu
Published: February 2019

The transformation from the development of enabling technology to mass production of
consumer-centric semiconductor products has empowered the designers to consider characteristics like
robustness, compactness, efficiency, and scalability of the product as implicit pre-cursors. The Carbon
Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNFET) is the present day technology. In this manuscript, we have
used CNFET as the enabling technology to design a 1-bit Full Adder (1b-FA16) with overflow detection.
The proposed 1b-FA16 is designed using 16 transistors. Finally, the proposed 1b-FA16 is further
used to design a Ripple Carry Adder (RCA), Carry Look Ahead Adder (CLA) circuit and RCA with
overflow bit detection.

Methods and Results:

The proposed 1b-FA16 circuit was designed with CNFET technology simulated
at 32 nm with a voltage supply of +0.9 V using the Cadence Virtuoso CAD tool. The model used is
Stanford PTM. Comparison of the existing full adder designs with the proposed 1b-FA16 design was
done to validate the improvements in terms of power, delay and Power Delay Product (PDP). Table 2,
shows the results of comparison for the proposed 1b-FA16 with the existing full adder designs implemented
using CNFET for parameters like power, delay and power delay product.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that the proposed 1b-FA16 yielded better results as compared to the
existing full adder designs implemented using CNFET. The improvement in power, delay and power
delay product was approximately 11%, 9% and 24% respectively. Hence, the proposed circuit implemented
using CNFET gives a substantial rate of improvements over the existing circuits.
Flora melífera de la región centro-este del municipio de Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México
Authors: Araujo-Mondragón Fernando , Redonda-Martínez Rosario
Published: February 2019

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las plantas melíferas son aquellas que, principalmente, producen néctar y polen, aunque también son consideradas en esta categoría las que generan propóleos. Los apicultores, antes de instalar un apiario, necesitan conocer la flora melífera de una región, pues de ella depende la producción de miel. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las plantas melíferas que crecen en la región centro-este del municipio Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México.Métodos: Se realizó trabajo de campo en zonas aledañas a cuatro apiarios de referencia, es decir, un kilómetro de radio, tomando como punto de referencia cada uno de los apiarios ubicados en la región centro-este del municipio Pátzcuaro. Se observaron las preferencias de alimentación y recolección de polen de Apis mellifera, se colectaron ejemplares de las plantas que utiliza y se documentaron sus visitas mediante fotografías. Finalmente, se tomaron muestras de miel en dos épocas del año, una antes del pico de floración de las especies melíferas de la zona y otra en la temporada de cosecha de miel, con la finalidad de realizar estudios melisopalinológicos para identificar los tipos polínicos presentes en la miel.Resultados clave: Se identificaron 93 especies de plantas melíferas, pertenecientes a 33 familias botánicas; Asteraceae es la más representativa. En los análisis melisopalinológicos se observó un promedio de 16 tipos polínicos por muestra; el polen de compuestas fue el más abundante.Conclusiones: La flora melífera de la región estudiada se ha visto afectada por su erradicación, debido a que la mayoría de las especies son malezas, al cambio de uso de suelo, para instalar principalmente huertas de aguacate, y por las plagas de chapulines que defolian las plantas provocando retraso o ausencia de floración.
Development of Prediction Models Using Machine Learning Algorithms for Girls with Suspected Central Precocious Puberty: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Pan Liyan , Liu Guangjian , Mao Xiaojian , Li Huixian , Zhang Jiexin , Liang Huiying , Li Xiuzhen
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls seriously affects their physical and mental development in childhood. The method of diagnosis—gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)–stimulation test or GnRH analogue (GnRHa)–stimulation test—is expensive and makes patients uncomfortable due to the need for repeated blood sampling.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to combine multiple CPP–related features and construct machine learning models to predict response to the GnRHa-stimulation test.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, we analyzed clinical and laboratory data of 1757 girls who underwent a GnRHa test in order to develop XGBoost and random forest classifiers for prediction of response to the GnRHa test. The local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) algorithm was used with the black-box classifiers to increase their interpretability. We measured sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of the models.

RESULTS

Both the XGBoost and random forest models achieved good performance in distinguishing between positive and negative responses, with the AUC ranging from 0.88 to 0.90, sensitivity ranging from 77.91% to 77.94%, and specificity ranging from 84.32% to 87.66%. Basal serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-I levels were found to be the three most important factors. In the interpretable models of LIME, the abovementioned variables made high contributions to the prediction probability.

CONCLUSIONS

The prediction models we developed can help diagnose CPP and may be used as a prescreening tool before the GnRHa-stimulation test.
Inorganic Chemical Composition Analysis of 10 Different Types of Commercial Salt by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) Method
Authors: Bastos Anne B. , Carvalho Hugo R. A. , Silva Cláudia C. , Santos Regina Helena de Almeida
Published: February 2019

Salt is one of the most used seasoning in culinary with a great variety of them. Despite that, there is not a lot of published studies that analyses its compositions, differences and similarities between them. Thus, this research aims to determine the inorganic composition of table, light, pink and black Himalayan, Hawaii’s red, Persian blue, Mediterranean sea and three Argentinian gourmet salts by the Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) method in order to compare them using PCA and HCA analysis. Na and Cl were major elements found in all samples. As for trace elements: Al, Si, S and K in drastically different concentrations, due to conservation of nutrients from the soil, water or additives. These differences were used to distinct three groups showing that there is between 70 and 60% similarity among the nine samples, while the light salt does not have similarity to any other salt studied.
Effect of Family Strength over the Psychological Well-being and Internal Locus of Control.
Authors: García-Cadena Cirilo Humberto Humberto , Moral de la Rubia José Moral de la Rubia , Díaz Díaz Héctor Luis , Martínez Rodríguez Juan , Sánchez Reyes Lorenzo , López Rosales Fuensanta
Published: February 2019

If the development of the concept of “self” as a unit distinct from the environment  ontogenetically follows the development of the concept of “us”, then psychosocial constructs would play a very important role in explaining psychological constructs.  The current study explores to what extent the psychosocial construct “family strength” can be used to predict the psychological constructs “psychological well-being” and “internal locus of control”.  Three different scales were administered to a non-probability sample of 400 subjects (153 males and 247 females) to measure family strength, psychological well-being and internal locus of control.  Structural Equation Models found that 67% of the variance in psychological well-being and 59% of the variance in internal locus of control were predicted by “family commitment-trust” with good data adjustment (χ2/df = 1.78, GFI = .95, AGFI = .94, and NFI = .92). These findings show the primacy of the psychosocial dimension over the psychological dimension. The article discusses the implications of these findings for professional healthcare practice.
Validación de la escala Sentido de Coherencia (SOC) 13-item en una muestra Peruana
Authors: Saravia Juan Carlos , Iberico Alcedo Carlos , Yearwood Travezan Karen
Published: February 2019

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala SOC-13 en una muestra de 448 universitarios peruanos con edades entre 18-29 años. La confiabilidad se calculó con el coeficiente de alfa de cronbach, y se encontró un .80 para toda la escala. La estructura interna del instrumento se evaluó mediante análisis de escalamiento multidimensional y análisis factorial confirmatorio. El análisis factorial confirmatorio se estimó comparando el ajuste de dos modelos propuestos, uno uni-factorial frente a uno de primer orden con tres factores. Se encontró un buen ajuste para la solución de tres factores (RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = .92). Correlaciones entre SOC y salud mental y física fueron r = .59, p < .001 y r = .40, p < .001 respectivamente. El SOC-13 mostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas con respecto a confiabilidad, validez de criterio y estructura factorial en esta muestra. Limitaciones se debieron a la homogeneidad en la muestra, edad y poca representatividad de la población Peruana. Estudios posteriores deberían enfocarse en analizar la estructura factorial del SOC-13 y la habilidad de cada ítem para medir adecuadamente Sentido de Coherencia en jóvenes peruanos.
Carta abierta al Dr. Francisco Larroyo
Authors: Gaos José
Published: February 2019

Carta abierta al Dr. Francisco Larroyo
Algunas concepciones erróneas sobre lógica moderna
Authors: Willard Oliver James
Published: February 2019

Algunas concepciones erróneas sobre lógica moderna
Norman Malcolm, Dreaming
Authors: Robles José Antonio
Published: February 2019

Norman Malcolm, Dreaming
Hegel y el iusnaturalismo
Authors: Bobbio Norberto
Published: February 2019

Hegel y el iusnaturalismo
Sentimiento y valor
Authors: S. Hartman Robert
Published: February 2019

Sentimiento y valor
Hans Reichenbach, Moderna filosofía de la ciencia
Authors: Padilla Hugo
Published: February 2019

Hans Reichenbach, Moderna filosofía de la ciencia
Antonio Gómez Robledo, Sócrates y el socratismo
Authors: Navarro Bernabé
Published: February 2019

Antonio Gómez Robledo, Sócrates y el socratismo
Tiempo y eternidad en la metafísica occidental
Authors: Müller Max
Published: February 2019

Tiempo y eternidad en la metafísica occidental
Descartes. Un ejemplo de ciencia natural en los albores de la época moderna
Authors: Specht Reiner
Published: February 2019

Descartes. Un ejemplo de ciencia natural en los albores de la época moderna
Gaos y José Ortega y Gasset
Authors: Recaséns Siches Luis
Published: February 2019

Gaos y José Ortega y Gasset
Reflexiones sobre la aporía realismo-idealismo
Authors: Navarro Bernabé
Published: February 2019

Reflexiones sobre la aporía realismo-idealismo
Science Hunters: an inclusive approach to engaging with science through Minecraft
Authors: Hobbs Laura , Stevens Carly , Hartley Jackie , Hartley Calum
Published: February 2019

Science Hunters is an outreach project which employs the computer game Minecraft to engage children with scientific learning and research through school visits, events, and extracurricular clubs. We principally target children who may experience barriers to accessing Higher Education, including low socioeconomic status, being the first in their family to attend university, and disability (including Special Educational Needs). The Minecraft platform encourages teamwork and makes science learning accessible and entertaining for children, irrespective of background. We employ a flexible approach that adapts to the needs of the users. More than 8000 children have been engaged in the first four years, with overwhelmingly positive feedback.
Factores sociodemográficos y fisiopatológicos asociados a la tuberculosis del sistema nervioso central en un Hospital Público de Lima-Perú, 2014-2017
Authors: Vera Claudia A. , Patron-Ordoñez Gino , Verastegui-Diaz Araseli , Mejia Christian R.
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Determinar los factores sociodemográficos y fisiopatológicos de la neurotuberculosis (NTB) en los pacientes registrados en el Programa de Control de la Tuberculosis (PCT) del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo.Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico, desarrollado entre Julio del 2014 y Julio del 2017. Se diseñó una ficha que incluyó datos sociodemográficos, fisiopatológicos y las características al diagnóstico. Se obtuvieron las razones de prevalencia (RP) crudos y ajustados, con intervalos de confianza al 95%.Resultados: Participaron 1038 pacientes. El 16% de toda la población y de 34% de las tuberculosis extra pulmonares tenia NTB. La forma clínica más frecuente fue la meningoencefalitis tuberculosa (MEC TB) (96%). Dentro de las manifestaciones clínicas destacaron las convulsiones (22%), cefalea (20%), signos meníngeos (18%) y trastorno del sensorio (16%). La presencia de NTB estuvo asociada al diagnóstico de VIH (RPa: 2,06; IC95%: 1,53-2,76; Valor p<0,001), condición de alcoholismo (RPa: 1,53; IC95%: 1,04-2,25; Valor p=0,030) y género femenino (RPa: 1,40; IC95%: 1,06-1,84; Valor p=0,019).Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de VIH, condición de alcoholismo y el género femenino son factores asociados a mayor frecuencia de NTB en el Hospital Dos de Mayo.
A Challenging Case of Non-resolving Pneumonia: Keeping Antisynthetase Syndrome In the Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Lapinsky Stephanie , Leen Jessica , Mak Jessica , Shafiee Mohammed A.
Published: February 2019

A 62-year-old Caucasian female ex-smoker presented to the emergency department with progressive shortness of breath with associated pleuritic chest pain, new arthralgias, and muscle weakness for two months. She had already been treated with two courses of antibiotics for suspected community acquired pneumonia (CAP) with no improvement in her respiratory symptoms. This is a case that illustrates the eventual diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome, a subtype of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Current standard of diagnostic criteria and treatment for this autoimmune condition will also be discussed.
Liver Abscess Metastatic Syndrome Caused by Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella Pneumoniae in a Canadian Patient of Vietnamese Origin
Authors: Criales Doria Sandra Patricia , Lafleur Alexandre , Gervais Philippe
Published: February 2019

Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome (KLAS) is an emerging infection caused by hypermucoviscous strains (K1, rmpA, mgA) with a particular virulence at risk of metastatic dissemination. We describe a case of metastatic KLAS in a Canadian immunocompetent patient of Vietnamese origin who presented with fever and abnormal liver function tests. Imaging studies revealed unique liver and pulmonary abscesses. Blood and liver abscess cultures showed colonies of K.pneumoniae with hypermucoviscous phenotype, a K1 serotype and the presence of a rmpA gene confirming biomolecular features of the invasive syndrome. Mostly reported in patients of Asian origin, KLAS has been reported in Canada since 2007. Prompt identification and treatment prevents severe complications such as endophthalmitis, meningitis, lung abscess and spondylodiscitis.  Résumé:Le syndrome d’abcès hépatique à Klebsiella pneumoniae (KLAS en anglais) est une infection en émergence résultant d’une souche hypermuqueuse (K1, rmpA, mgA) d’une virulence accrue, à risque de dissémination. Nous décrivons un cas de KLAS métastatique chez un patient canadien d’origine vietnamienne, immunocompétent, qui présentait de la fièvre et des anomalies du bilan hépatique. Les imageries ont révélé des abcès hépatiques et pulmonaires uniques.  Les hémocultures et les cultures du drainage de l’abcès hépatique ont confirmé la présence d’une souche hypermuqueuse de Klebsiella pneumoniae, sérotype K1, génotype rmpA, caractéristiques biomoléculaires associées aux infections invasives. Principalement décrits chez des patients d’origine asiatique, des cas de KLAS sont rapportés au Canada depuis 2007. L’identification et le traitement rapide préviendront des complications sévères, dont l’endophtalmite, la méningite, l’abcès pulmonaire et la spondylodiscite.
Gender Equity in Academic Medicine: Why Should We Care?
Authors: Anand Sonia S. , Anand Anita I.
Published: February 2019

Gender disparity exists generally in academia and specifically in research and education among academic medical specialists. Reasons for this disparity include overt and unconscious biases that result in women getting fewer opportunities to lead, receiving less compensation, being excluded from networking channels in which privileged positions are discussed, and facing bias in research, including in the peer review grant process. The recent spotlight on these disparities in other sectors pushes us to focus attention on the causes and consequences of gender disparity in academic medicine and to advocate for structural changes to ensure gender equity in academic departments of hospitals and universities.
BMJ Rapid Recommendations: A Possible Revolution in Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Guyatt Gordon , Agoritsas Thomas , Lytvyn Lyubov , Siemieniuk Reed , Vandvik Per
Published: February 2019

BMJ rapid recommendations hold the potential to revolutionize clinical practice guidelines, achieving both timeliness, trustworthiness, and usefulness to clinicians and patients to allow well informed decisions in clinical practice.
Articulação temporal e essência narrativa: o jornalismo para além do tempo presente
Authors: Rego Leal Ana Regina
Published: February 2019

Este artigo apresenta reflexões iniciais sobre a essência do tempo no jornalismo a partir de ponderações apoiadas na filosofia de Husserl, Heidegger, Arendt e Ricoeur e ainda tendo como aporte fundamental as especulações de Koselleck, Gadamer e Hartog no campo da história, mas, sobretudo, na observação, dos usos que o jornalismo faz do tempo em sua narrativa. A intenção é mostrar que o tempo prioritário do jornalismo não é mais o presente. O exercício interpretativo realizado nas narrativas sobre o impeachment da Presidenta Dilma Rousseff no jornal O Globo, e, baseado na circularidade hermenêutica de Heidegger; aponta para uma nova articulação temporal no jornalismo do século XXI, em que o presente não é mais o protagonista e sim o futuro, que surge como horizonte de uma busca incessante.
Outros tempos possíveis: disputas de valores e convenções do jornalismo em Tempos Fantásticos
Authors: Gomes Itania Maria Mota , Manna Nuno
Published: February 2019

Este artigo analisa como o Tempos Fantásticos, um jornal satírico publicado no Brasil desde 2016, aciona matrizes do fantástico para disputar valores e convenções do cânone jornalístico. Tomando como quadros conceituais e metodológicos as obras de Raymond Williams e Jesús Martín-Barbero e seus esforços para a consideração das historicidades em qualquer análise da cultura, evidenciamos como a experimentação em torno do “jornalismo fictício” de Tempos Fantásticos significa disputar o imperativo ético que legitima o jornalismo como instituição social e um de seus valores centrais, a atualidade. Esse movimento evidencia disputas políticas e culturais no tratamento de valores e convenções do jornalismo, do tempo e da realidade.
A HORA DA ESTRELA DE CINEMA: A NARRATIVA ENTRE A PÁGINA E A TELA
Authors: Ferreira Rony Márcio Cardoso
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo visa a um estudo comparativo entre a novela A hora da estrela (1977), de Clarice Lispector, e o filme A hora da estrela (1985), de direção de Suzana Amaral. Apesar de já estabelecida no cenário crítico, essa comparação, distinta de outras, objetiva evidenciar em que medida alguns aspectos narrativos da conhecida novela são traduzidos e transcriados na linguagem cinematográfica. Para tanto, este estudo parte de uma breve reflexão sobre a importância contemporânea do caráter não disciplinar das teorias sem disciplinas e de uma explanação sobre a relação entre literatura e cinema. Valeremo-nos dos postulados teóricos defendidos por Claus Clüver (1977; 2006), Thaïs Diniz (2005), Paulo Emílio Gomes (2007), entre outros, bem como apresentaremos uma análise das escolhas feitas por Suzana Amaral na adaptação da novela, com o intuito de abordar a produção da cineasta enquanto objeto artístico singular e específico que promove uma “sobrevida” (DERRIDA, 2002; BENJAMIN, 2008) da obra de Lispector, por meio de uma renovação que contribuiu para sua permanência em nossa tradição cultural.
O CAIXEIRO-VIAJANTE REVISITADO: OS PARADOXOS DA “FÚRIA NARCÍSICA” NA LITERATURA E NO CINEMA
Authors: Marques Rodrigo Vieira
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo busca estabelecer uma relação entre o filme O Apartamento, de Asghar Farhadi, e a peça de Arthur Miller, A morte de um caixeiro-viajante. Tendo por fundamento a noção psicanalítica de narcisismo e a teoria do “modo de endereçamento”, busca-se desenvolver uma discussão em torno da noção de “fúria narcísica” (Kohut) e o que se considera ser seus paradoxos. Destaca-se, principalmente, dois paradoxos que se encontram entrelaçados: em primeiro lugar, o modo como, nessa condição psíquica, o inimigo é uma parte não reconhecida do próprio Self e, em segundo lugar, o modo como o outro, que serve de tela para projeção de sentimentos de hostilidade, torna-se um presente-ausente, não percebido em sua inteireza. Nesse contexto, a “fúria narcísica” origina-se, sobretudo, da ausência de um registro psíquico integrado da alteridade e, por conseguinte, de suas complexidades e ambivalências. A partir dessas questões, espera-se mostrar como tanto no filme como na peça teatral que lhe serve de intertexto um “narcisismo extremamente vulnerável” e suas falhas vão sendo elucidados.
IDENTIDADES E ESTEREÓTIPOS FEMININOS EM “NOSOTRAS QUE NOS QUEREMOS TANTO”, DE MARCELA SERRANO
Authors: Ferreira Ângela Paula Nunes , Bongestab Cristina
Published: February 2019

A escritora chilena contemporânea Marcela Serrano possui uma vasta obra que apresenta como ponto comum o fato de apresentar protagonistas mulheres a partir de discursos feministas. Considerando a importância da sua obra no contexto latino-americano, neste artigo, nos propomos a realizar, à luz da Crítica Feminista e dos Estudos Culturais, uma leitura da narrativa Nosotras que nos queremos tanto, buscando examinar de que maneira esta obra se constitui em forma de resistência à desigualdade entre os gêneros em nosso continente. Para tanto, buscamos verificar como se manifesta a representação das mulheres e das relações de gênero na narrativa da escritora, destacando como, nesses espaços, discursos são usados para resistirem a uma cultura patriarcal e sexista que justifica e perpetua práticas intolerantes em relação às mulheres. A metodologia utilizada consiste na leitura analítico-discursiva da narrativa, o que requer uma revisão da teoria dos Estudos Culturais e da Crítica Feminista. Na obra, a autora apresenta quatro personagens mulheres, Ana, Sara, Isabel e Maria que são caracterizadas a partir de identidades e estereótipos ligados ao universo feminino, desconstruindo discursos machistas e estereotipados em relação às mulheres, que por muitos séculos se fizeram presentes no discurso tradicional literário. Assim, podemos afirmar que a narrativa se constitui a partir de discursos feministas e de resistência ao modelo androcêntrico que vigorou por séculos em nossa sociedade, estendendo-se ao campo literário, responsável por violência e opressão contra as mulheres.
Crystallization of submicron amorphous hydrogenated silicon films with different hydrogen concentration by nanosecond ruby laser irradiation
Authors: Krivyakin G. K. , Kamaev G. N. , Ivlev G. D. , Prakopyeu S. L. , Volodin V. A.
Published: February 2019

Pulse laser annealing remains an actual problem aimed to crystallization of amorphous films on nonrefractive substrates. But, the most previous works studied laser crystallization of relatively thin (<300 nm) a-Si:H films and mainly used excimer lasers. But, excimer lasers are not suitable for crystallization of submicron a-Si:H films due to low penetration depth in a-Si:H at such wavelengths. The problem can be resolved by using lasers with longer wavelengths. The desirable result of crystallization also depends on the choice of proper laser fluence, which is different for films with different hydrogen concentrations. In this work, the processes of a pulsed ruby laser induced crystallization of submicron (0.7 μm) amorphous hydrogenated silicon films with different hydrogen concentrations (2, 12, and 39 at. %) by different laser fluences were investigated. The films were prepared on glass substrates by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique followed by isothermal annealing in nitrogen atmosphere. The laser annealing (λ = 694 nm) was carried out at a pulse duration of 80 ns (full width at half-maximum) in the fluence range from 0.6 to 2.1 J/cm2. The laser fluence thresholds for surface area crystallization were found for different hydrogen concentrations in the films. The increase of hydrogen concentration leads to an increase of the threshold energy density (laser fluence) for surface area crystallization due to a decrease of light absorption in the films with a higher hydrogen concentration. Also, it was shown that ruby laser radiation can penetrate and partially crystallize the full depth of the submicron a-Si:H film, but the problem of homogeneity remains.
Análisis del Sistema de Salud del Ecuador
Authors: Mena Ribadeneira Gabriela Paola , Cañizares Fuentes Ricardo , Barquet Abi-hanna Giaffar
Published: February 2019

Introducción: Ecuador inició una reforma en su sistema de salud en el año 2008; sin embargo, los cambios generados por la nueva Constitución de la República, en la salud pública y el acceso a atención de salud en el Ecuador, han sido escasamente evaluados y documentados. Objetivo: examinar la experiencia del Ecuador en la reforma de su sistema de salud analizando algunas de las áreas que han sufrido cambios como parte de este proceso. Metodología: se realizó investigación de tipo descriptivo, observacional. Se recuperó artículos relevantes de bases de datos que incluyó PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect y UpToDate, se consultó sitios web gubernamentales y de organizaciones relacionadas con la salud como el Banco Mundial, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Unión de Naciones Suramericanas, entre otras. Resultados: se destaca en este periodo la decisión política de centralizar la planificación y gestión de salud a nivel del gobierno central. Se incrementa el número de consultas de morbilidad pero sin incremento de las de prevención. Las enfermedades crónicas ocupan los primeros lugares como causa de muerte. La mortalidad materna se mantiene alta y no alcanza la meta propuesta por el país. Hay importante incremento del presupuesto en salud, pero este no refleja protección financiera de los pacientes ya que el gasto de bolsillo está cerca del 50%. Conclusión: el sistema de salud del Ecuador no logra aún alcanzar plenamente objetivos sanitarios que impacten en la mejora de la calidad de la atención de la salud. También persisten barreras de acceso a atención integral y oportuna; y, limitada protección financiera. Se requiere consolidar sistemas de información que permitan acceso a información completa y oportuna.
Quiste del Conducto Colédoco. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Mendoza Merchán Rene Antonio , Serpa Cuesta Vanessa , Solórzano Loor Wilson
Published: February 2019

El quiste de colédoco es una patología congénita benigna de las vías biliares que se presenta en la infancia e incrementándose en la actualidad en la edad adulta más en el sexo femenino y con especial énfasis en la raza asiática, y su diagnóstico es en base al estudio colangiográfico y la clasificación más aceptada es la de Todani y Cols. S e presenta un caso de una paciente femenina de 26 años de edad, de la ciudad de Guayaquil, que presenta cuadro clínico caracterizado por dolor abdominal más anorexia y vómito. Su diagnóstico se lo hizo por colangiografia y colangioresonancia. El tratamiento fue quirúrgico y se realizó una hepato yeyunostomía en Y de Roux, con una evolución favorable.
Pseudoaneurisma de la arteria axilar postraumático. Informe de un caso.
Authors: Neira Borja James Edward , Coronel Ruilova Jhon Mauricio , Macías Jara Luver Alexi , Paredes Calahorrano Diego Rafael
Published: February 2019

El traumatismo arterial de extremidades es una condición grave, que pone en peligro la vitalidad y conservación de un miembro, así como la vida. Se presenta a un paciente de 33 años de edad, que presentó un cuadro clínico de siete días de evolución, con trauma vascular de hombro izquierdo por proyectil de arma de fuego, ocasionando leve hemorragia en zona de impacto y dolor punzante de gran intensidad, debilidad muscular progresiva, parestesia y mano péndula, acompañado de pulso filiforme. En los estudios de imagen se presenta un pseudoaneurisma, además de estudios de conductibilidad eléctrica en donde reportan una lesión por daño axonal vs bloqueo de conducción de los nervios mediano y radial sin lesión del plexo braquial izquierdo. Por lo que se intervino quirúrgicamente realizándose un bypass axilo–humeral izquierdo con prótesis PTFE. Este tipo de pseudoaneurismas son de especial cuidado y que ameritan una intervención temprana para corregirlos, pero que al mismo tiempo y con el tratamiento adecuado, evolucionan favorablemente
Evaluación de la función endotelial por medición de la íntima media arterial, pcr ultrasensible y vasodilatación mediada por flujo en mujeres ecuatorianas con hipotiroidismo subclínico
Authors: Arosemena Coronel Marilyn Auxiliadora , Sánchez Armijos Julizza Elena , Vásquez Cedeño Diego Antonio , Tettamanti Miranda Daniel Gerardo , Campaña D Yadira
Published: February 2019

Introducción: a nivel mundial ha aumentado el diagnóstico del hipotiroidismo subclínico. Se conoce que la hipofunción de las hormonas tiroideas trastorna el metabolismo de los lípidos a través la disminución cuantitativa de los receptores de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad. Sin embargo, la asociación entre el hipotiroidismo subclínico y la disfunción endotelial no ha sido determinada con exactitud. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre los niveles de hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSH) y la función endotelial. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal en pacientes con diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo subclínico, realizado mediante dos determinaciones de TSH entre 4 y 10 mUI/L y tiroxina libre (FT4) entre 0.7 y 1.9 ng/dl. La función endotelial se estableció mediante la medición del grosor de la capa íntima-media de la arteria braquial, la vasodilatación mediada por flujo en ecografía Doppler y los niveles de proteína C reactiva ultrasensible (PCR). Se utilizó test de correlación de Pearson para establecer relación entre los niveles de TSH y PCR. Resultados: se incluyeron 16 pacientes de sexo femenino con hipotiroidismo subclínico, con una media de edad de 49 años, en quienes no se encontró correlación significativa entre los niveles de TSH y PCR ultrasensible (p=0.43). En relación a los niveles de TSH y la respuesta vasodilatadora la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (p= 0.96), al igual que la relación entre PCR ultrasensible y vasodilatación que no fue significativa (p= 0,79). Conclusiones: no se encontró correlación entre los niveles de TSH y las alteraciones de la función endotelial. Es recomendable realizar estudios longitudinales en los que se pueda recolectar información que permita establecer si existe o no asociación entre éstas variables.
Salud y bienestar psicológico: Violencia intrafamiliar y su influencia en la autoestima de los escolares
Authors: Zambrano Villalba Carmen Graciela
Published: February 2019

Resumen La Psicología clínica y de la salud permite ampliar el marco de la investigación desde las escalas de salud y bienestar psicológico, el mismo que es un estado afectivo positivo que favorece el desarrollo  integral y pleno de la personalidad y del estilo de vida saludable. La violencia intrafamiliar es un tipo de violencia relacional que afecta directamente en el desarrollo psicológico, e integral de los escolares. La niñez y adolescencia es una etapa de vulnerabilidad que sumado a la incidencia de la violencia en el sistema familiar, afecta significativamente en la formación del autoestima, autoconcepto y desarrollo integral de la personalidad. La autoestima es el aprecio, consideración que uno tiene  de sí mismo, se forma por la percepción, pensamientos y sentimientos que surgen en el contacto relacional en el sistema familiar, escolar y social. En este artículo se indaga como influye la violencia intrafamiliar en la  autoestima de los escolares de  10 a 14 años tomando en consideración subvariables de cohesión, expresividad, conflicto, apoyo, confianza, comunicación, indicadores que influyen en el desarrollo de  la autoestima de los niños y niñas  expuestos a violencia intrafamiliar. Se utiliza el cuestionarios de clima familiar y de autoestima que permiten obtener información relevante para el estudio. La muestra esta constituida por 13776 escolares de séptimo, octavo y noveno año de EGB. Los resultados afirman que la violencia intrafamiliar influye directamente en el nivel de autoestima  de los niños y niñas  en la etapa escolar con  prevalencia de edad, genero y nivel de escolaridad. Palabras clavesBienestar psicológico, Violencia, Autoestima
Utilidad de la Escala Alvarado en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda
Authors: Mena Gabriela Paola , Muñoz Verónica , Barciona Carla , Salvador Carlos
Published: February 2019

Introducción: la apendicitis aguda representa la causa más común de abdomen agudo. El éxito en el manejo de la apendicitis aguda depende de su diagnóstico oportuno. Por este motivo el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la utilidad de la escala de Alvarado como método diagnóstico para apendicitis aguda en el servicio de emergencia de un hospital general. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal desde julio 2011 hasta abril 2012 en el servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Luis Vernaza. Se incluyeron pacientes >15 años y <76 años que presentaron síntomas sugestivos de apendicitis aguda. Se obtuvo el puntaje de la escala de Alvarado y se recabaron los resultados de la histopatología posterior a la apendicetomía. Se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo. Resultados: se obtuvo que 143 (53.4%)  pacientes fueron hombres y 125 (46.6%) fueron mujeres con edad promedio de presentación de 35 años ±16.42 DS. La escala de Alvarado fue aplicada a todos los pacientes y se obtuvo ? 7 puntos en 231 (86.2%) pacientes y ? 6 puntos en 37 (13.8%) pacientes. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda en 234 (87.3%) pacientes y se reportaron 34 (12.7%) casos de apendicetomías negativas. Se calculó para esta escala una sensibilidad de 96.6%, especificidad de 85.3%, valor predictivo positivo de 97.8% y valor predictivo negativo de 78.4%. Discusión: la escala de Alvarado resulta útil para el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda y consecuentemente reduciría la tasa de apendicetomías erradas; presenta alta sensibilidad, alto valor predictivo positivo y negativo y es aplicable en todos los pacientes con sintomatología sugestiva de apendicitis por ser un método sencillo, rápido y económico.
THE EFFECTS OF PLAYING METHOD TOWARD STUDENTS’ SKILL IN PLAYING MINI VOLLEYBALL
Authors: Astuti Yuni
Published: February 2019

Based on the authors observation in the field that there are many students who do not have the skills to play mini volleyball properly. The problem is likely due to the lack of proper training method used. This study aims to reveal the influence of methods on the skills of playing mini volleyball at SD Negeri 14 Kampung Jambak Kecamatan Koto Tangah Padang City. This type of research is a quasi experiment. The population in this study were students who followed extracurricular activities mini volleyball amounted to 64 people, while the sample taken by purposive sampling, so that the sample is amounted to 35 people. The test used is a mini volleyball skill test consisting of service tests, bottom passing and passing up. Data were analyzed using t-test. Results of data analysis found that: play method gives a significant influence on the skills of playing mini volleyball students (t count = 13.01> ttabel = 2.13). The average value of the initial test of the play method was obtained 50.00 and the final test was 63.65. This means there is an increase of 13.65.
Do Implementation Of Accounting Learning Multimedia Affect Students’ Soft Skills?
Authors: Trisna Herawati Nyoman , Sinarwati Ni Kadek
Published: February 2019

The objective in this research is to analyze inferential comparative advantages between the use of multimedia and print media to improve student soft skills. The study uses a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The population was students of S1 Accounting Study Program in their second semester who were taking Introductory Accounting courses 2. Sampling was done by simple random sampling. The data collected through observation methods and assignment values. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical techniques and inferential statistics uses analysis of covariant (ancova) with pretest score as covariables. The results showed, the average of soft skills the experimental group is 24.49, higher than the control group. The results of the ancova test produce a statistical value of F of 5,400 with a significance of 0.023. This shows that after being controlled by the pretest covariables, there are significant differences in soft skills between the experimental groups that conduct learning with multimedia compared to the control group that conducts learning with conventional media (print media). Students who are given learning using multimedia have better soft skills than students who are taught using print media. The amount of adjusted R square value of 0.470 means that the variability of soft skills can be explained by the variability of learning media (multimedia) as much as 47.0%.
Pengembangan Modul Kimia Muatan Lokal Valid dan Praktis Tentang Pakan Ampas Tahu Terfermentasi untuk Pertumbuhan Ikan Patin Berbasis STEM-PBL
Authors: Marlisyah Sari , Anom K , Sukaryawan Made
Published: February 2019

This research is a development research that aims to produce a local integrated chemical module that integrates STEM Problem Based Learning which is valid and practical. The development model used was ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) and evaluated by Tessmer formative method. Tessmer formative evaluation stages in this study include evaluation, expert review, one-to-one and small group. The results of the expert review stage obtained the average score of the validity of 0.76 Aiken scale with the category is very valid. For the final score the practicality is obtained from one-to-one test of 0.67 Aiken scale (practical) and small group 0.75 Aiken scale (practical). Based on the evaluation results show that the resulting module has met the valid and practical criteria. It is suggested that this module can be used as an alternative material for entrepreneurship subject.
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)-based drug formulations: the micro- and nanostructure
Authors: Bonartsev A.P. , Bonartseva G.A. , Voinova V.V. , Kirpichnikov M.P. , Shaitan K.V.
Published: February 2019

Biodegradable and biocompatible polymers referred to as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are extensively used in the production of pharmaceutical drugs to ensure sustained release, targeted delivery, reduced toxicity, and increased stability of the drug substance. Although the pharmaceutical industry ordinarily exploits chemically synthesized PHAs, bioengineered polymers are also starting to enjoy growing interest. This article focuses on the research and development of drug formulations based on natural PHAs that act as auxiliary substances for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and hormonal medications, as well as pain killers, and discusses the association between their properties and the micro/nano structure of the synthetic drug. The problems associated with the poor performance of active components in traditional dosage forms can be overcome in PHAs-based formulations.
The use of iron oxide magnetic nanospheres and nanocubes for targeted doxorubicin delivery into 4t1 mouse breast carcinoma cells
Authors: Nizamov T.R. , Garanina A.S. , Uvarova V.I. , Naumenko V.A. , Shchetinin I.V. , Savchenko A.G.
Published: February 2019

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are attracting increasing attention as promising materials for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. The aim of this work was to explore the effect of the magnetic core shape of iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) on the efficiency of doxorubicin delivery into 4T1 cells. Nanospheres (NS) and nanocubes (NC) were synthesized by thermal decomposition of iron (III) oleate. This method of synthesis enables control over the NP shape and size. The NP were hydrophilized using Pluronic F-127. The obtained particles were doped with doxorubicin in a sodium phosphate buffer. The weight fractions of doxorubicin in the NS and NC were 15.22% and 15.44%, respectively. The IC50 of free doxorubicin was 1 μM. The IC50 of doxorubicin-loaded NS and NC were 6.4 μM and 5.5 μM, respectively. Unloaded NP did not exhibit any toxicity towards the cells at a studied range of concentrations between 1.77 mg/l and 227.2 mg/l. Free doxorubicin demonstrated more vigorous accumulation dynamics in 4T1 cells with a tendency to localize in the cell nucleus, whereas doxorubicin loaded onto iron oxide NP was mainly accumulated in the vesicles surrounding the nucleus and was able to enter it only after being incubated with the cells for 2 h. We conclude that doxorubicin loaded onto cubic-shaped NP is delivered into the cell nucleus a little bit more efficiently at early incubation stages in comparison with nanospheres, but the difference is insignificant.
The use of monoclonal antibodies in autoimmunity treatment
Authors: Merzlyak E.M. , Syrko D.S. , Musatkina E.A. , Israelson M.A.
Published: February 2019

Recently, monoclonal antibodies (MA) have gained popularity as therapeutic agents for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. These antibodies target proinflammatory cytokines, as well as T and B cells potentially involved in the pathogenesis of such conditions. In the present work we attempt to give a systematic description of available therapeutic MA, highlight their key mechanisms of action and pinpoint their adverse effects. We believe that MA that are capable of recognizing and eliminating pathogenic T- and B-cell clones hold the most promise for medical application as biologics. Detection and identification of autoreactive lymphocyte clones is one of the most serious challenges of contemporary medicine.