bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Sleep and Language Development in Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome
Authors: da Silva Nathani C. , Giacheti Celia M. , Couto Maria C. H. do , de Jesus Stefany S. , Ribeiro Erlane M. , Verçosa Islane M. C. , Pinato Luciana
Published: June 2024

AIM: Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome (CZS) presents notable hurdles to neurodevelopment, with language development emerging as a crucial aspect. This study investigates sleep patterns and language skills in children with CZS, aiming to explore the potential synchronization of sleep development with their neurodevelopment. METHOD: We studied cross-sectionally 135 children with CZS aged 0 to 48 months, investigating sleep using the BISQ Questionnaire. Language development was assessed using the Early Language Milestone Scale, while motor development and cognitive and social ability were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Young Child Development 3rd edition. We also studied longitudinally a cohort of 16 children (initially aged 0 to 12 months) whom we followed for four years, assessing at one-year intervals. RESULTS: Sleep disturbances and language deficits were highly frequent in this population. In the 0–12 months group, a late bedtime and frequent nighttime awakenings were associated with poorer auditory expressive skills. At 13–24 months, nighttime awakenings were associated with poorer auditory expressive skills, while among 25–36-month-olds decreased auditory receptive skills were associated with longer sleep onset latency and reduced nighttime sleep duration. CONCLUSION: The brain alterations caused by Zika virus infection affect both sleep disturbances and delays in language development. It is possible that sleep disturbance may be a mediating factor in the pathway between CZS and delayed language development, as the three analyzed language skills showed a correlation with sleep parameters.
T-Cell Epitope Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Coordinated IFN-γ Production and Clonal Expansion of T Cells Facilitates Recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Fan Xing , Song Jin-Wen , Cao Wen-Jing , Zhou Ming-Ju , Yang Tao , Wang Jing , Meng Fan-Ping , Shi Ming , Zhang Chao , Wang Fu-Sheng
Published: June 2024

Background: T-cell responses can be protective or detrimental during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we screened 144 15-mer peptides spanning the SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid (NP), M, ORF8, ORF10, and ORF3a proteins and 39 reported SARS-CoV-1 peptides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from nine laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (five moderate and four severe cases) and nine healthy donors (HDs) collected before the COVID-19 pandemic. T-cell responses were monitored by IFN-γ and IL-17A production using ELISA, and the positive samples were sequenced for the T cell receptor (TCR) β chain. The positive T-cell responses to individual SARS-CoV-2 peptides were validated by flow cytometry. Results: COVID-19 patients with moderate disease produced more IFN-γ than HDs and patients with severe disease (moderate vs. HDs, p < 0.0001; moderate vs. severe, p < 0.0001) but less IL-17A than those with severe disease (p < 0.0001). A positive correlation was observed between IFN-γ production and T-cell clonal expansion in patients with moderate COVID-19 (r = 0.3370, p = 0.0214) but not in those with severe COVID-19 (r = −0.1700, p = 0.2480). Using flow cytometry, we identified that a conserved peptide of the M protein (Peptide-120, P120) was a dominant epitope recognized by CD8+ T cells in patients with moderate disease. Conclusion: Coordinated IFN-γ production and clonal expansion of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are associated with disease resolution in COVID-19. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of T-cell-mediated immunity in COVID-19 and may inform future strategies for managing and preventing severe outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Molecular Genotyping of Circulating Enterovirus in the Lazio Region from 2012 to 2023
Authors: Rueca Martina , Vairo Francesco , Spaziante Martina , Fabeni Lavinia , Forbici Federica , Berno Giulia , Gruber Cesare Ernesto Maria , Picone Simonetta , Ajassa Camilla , Girardi Enrico , Maggi Fabrizio , Valli Maria Beatrice
Published: June 2024

Enteroviruses (EVs) are ubiquitous viruses that circulate worldwide, causing sporadic or epidemic infections, typically during the summer and fall. They cause a broad spectrum of illnesses, ranging from an unspecified febrile clinical presentation to a severe illness. EVs are recognized to be the most frequent etiological agents of aseptic meningitis in children. However, as the infection is usually mild and self-limiting, it remains underestimated, and the epidemiology of EVs is poorly understood. To date, no vaccine or effective therapy for all types of enteroviruses is available, and EVs constitute a public health concern. Here, we investigated the molecular epidemiology of EV strains circulating in the Lazio region over a 10-year time span (2012–2023) by using a sequence-typing approach and phylogenetic analysis. The epidemiological trend of EV infection has undergone changes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (2020–2021), which resulted in a modification in terms of the number of diagnosed cases and seasonality. From 2022, the circulation of EVs showed a behavior typical of the pre-pandemic period, although changes in predominantly circulating strains have been noted. Both epidemic and sporadic circulation events have been characterized in the Lazio region. Further analyses are needed to better characterize any strain with higher potential pathogenic power and to identify possible recombinant strains.
Enhanced Energy Efficiency through Path Planning for Off-Road Missions of Unmanned Tracked Electric Vehicle
Authors: İnal Taha Taner , Cansever Galip , Yalçın Barış , Çetin Gürkan , Hartavi Ahu Ece
Published: June 2024

The primary objective of this research is to address the existing gap about the use of a path-planning algorithm that will reduce energy consumption in off-road applications of tracked electric vehicles. The study focuses on examining various off-road terrains and their impact on energy consumption to validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution. To achieve this, a tracked electric vehicle energy model that incorporates vehicle dynamics is developed and verified using real vehicle driving data logs. This model serves as the foundation for devising a strategy that can effectively enhance the energy efficiency of off-road tracked electric vehicles in real-world scenarios. The analysis involves a thorough examination of different off-road terrains to identify strategies that can adapt to diverse landscapes. The path planning strategy employed in this study is a modified version of the A*, called the Energy-Efficient Path Planning (EEPP) algorithm, specifically tailored for the dynamic energy consumption model of off-road tracked electric vehicles. The energy consumption of the produced paths is then compared using the validated energy consumption model of the tracked electric vehicle. It is important to note that the identification of an energy-efficient path heavily relies on the characteristics of the vehicle and the dynamic energy consumption model that has been developed. Furthermore, the algorithm takes into account real-world and practical considerations associated with off-road applications during its development and evaluation process. The results of the comprehensive analysis comparing the EEPP algorithm with the A* algorithm demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves energy savings of up to 6.93% and extends the vehicle’s operational range by 7.45%.
Application of a New Device for Vision Relaxation in Computer Users
Authors: Svede Aiga , Semjonova Svetlana , Ganebnaya Angelina , Puhova Liga , Baig Kulsum Fatima , Kucika Alina , Ikaunieks Gatis , Panke Karola , Gromov Dmitry
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explore the potential of a novel EYE ROLL device designed to facilitate guided vision relaxation exercises in an open space. A prospective study was performed on 89 participants who perform screenwork for at least four hours daily. All participants were randomly divided into three groups: a Control group with no exercising, a Manual group undertook manual vision relax ation exercises, and an Eyeroll group engaged in EYE ROLL device-assisted vision relaxation exercises. Each participant underwent three evaluations (an initial baseline assessment, a 4-week follow-up, and an 8-week follow-up) with four assessment tools: a comprehensive vision examination, an in-depth questionnaire, saccadic eye movement recordings, and objective accommodation measurements. There was a statistically significant decrease (35% and above) in complaint scores at the 4-week follow-up in both training groups. Although statistically insignificant, complaints continued to decrease after an 8-week period. No significant changes were observed in clinical or objective accommodative parameters. Some variation of visual functions was observed in all groups due to repeated measures. Vision relaxation exercises combined with proper vision ergonomics and working habits can reduce asthenopic complaints. The EYE ROLL device presents a promising tool for integrating these exercises into the working environment.
Interactive Changes in Climatic and Hydrological Droughts, Water Quality, and Land Use/Cover of Tajan Watershed, Northern Iran
Authors: Avand Mohammadtaghi , Moradi Hamid Reza , Hazbavi Zeinab
Published: June 2024

In response to novel and complex uncertainties, the present research is conducted to characterize the most significant indicators of watershed health including drought, water quality, and vegetation for the Tajan watershed, Mazandaran, Iran. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) are, respectively, used to quantify the meteorological and hydrological droughts in the present (1993–2020) and future (2023–2050) employing optimistic RCP2.6 and pessimistic RCP8.5 scenarios. To concoct discharge data for the future, IHACRES v1.0 software is used with a Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) of 0.48 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.58. Maps of land use and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are also prepared using Landsat images. Subsequently, the surface water quality is assessed using AqQA v1.1.0 software. The results show the difference in the severity of future meteorological droughts in different stations. In addition, the predominance of non-drought (SDI ≥ 0) or mild drought (−1 ≤ SDI < 0) is indicated for future hydrology. The land use changes show a decrease in rangeland (−5.47%) and an increase in residential land (9.17%). The water quality analysis also indicates an increase in carbonate ions in the watershed outlet. Communicating the relationships between study indicators, which is a big gap in the current watershed management approach, avoids future failures and catastrophes.
Lithium-Ion Battery SOH Estimation Method Based on Multi-Feature and CNN-BiLSTM-MHA
Authors: Zhou Yujie , Zhang Chaolong , Zhang Xulong , Zhou Ziheng
Published: June 2024

Electric vehicles can reduce the dependence on limited resources such as oil, which is conducive to the development of clean energy. An accurate battery state of health (SOH) is beneficial for the safety of electric vehicles. A multi-feature and Convolutional Neural Network–Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory–Multi-head Attention (CNN-BiLSTM-MHA)-based lithium-ion battery SOH estimation method is proposed in this paper. First, the voltage, energy, and temperature data of the battery in the constant current charging phase are measured. Then, based on the voltage and energy data, the incremental energy analysis (IEA) is performed to calculate the incremental energy (IE) curve. The IE curve features including IE, peak value, average value, and standard deviation are extracted and combined with the thermal features of the battery to form a complete multi-feature sequence. A CNN-BiLSTM-MHA model is set up to map the features to the battery SOH. Experiments were conducted using batteries with different charging currents, and the results showed that even if the nonlinearity of battery SOH degradation is significant, this method can still achieve a fast and accurate estimation of the battery SOH. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) is 0.1982%, 0.1873%, 0.1652%, and 0.1968%, and the Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) is 0.2921%, 0.2997%, 0.2130%, and 0.2625%, respectively. The average Coefficient of Determination (R2) is above 96%. Compared to the BiLSTM model, the training time is reduced by an average of about 36%.
Motor Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Current Signal Using Time–Frequency Channel Attention
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Guan Chao , Shi Shangru , Zhang Guozheng , Gu Xin
Published: June 2024

As they are the core components of the drive motor in electric vehicles, the accurate fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is the key to ensuring the safe operation of electric vehicles. At present, intelligent diagnostic methods based on current signals (CSs) are widely used owing to the advantages of the easy collection, low cost, and non-invasiveness of CSs. However, in practical applications, the fault characteristics of the CS are weak, resulting in diagnostic performance that fails to meet the expected standards. In this paper, a diagnosis method is proposed to address this problem and enhance the diagnosis accuracy. Firstly, CSs from two phases are processed by periodic resampling to enhance data features, which are then fused through splicing operations. Subsequently, a feature enhancement module is constructed using multi-scale feature fusion for decomposing the input. Finally, a diagnosis model is constructed by using an improved channel attention module (CAM) for enhancing the diagnosis performance. The results from experiments containing two different types of bearing datasets show that the proposed method can extract high-quality fault features and improve the diagnosis accuracy, presenting great potential in intelligent fault diagnosis and the maintenance of electric vehicles.
Socio-Economic Development of Russia in 2023–2025: Growth Trend Continues
Authors: Frenkel A. A. , Tikhomirov B. I. , Surkov A. A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the results of the socio-economic development of Russia in 2023, analyzes trends and provides forecasts for the strategic development of the national economy as a whole and its leading industries for 2024–2025, using mathematical and statistical methods.Based on macroeconomic statistics, a comparative analysis of development trends in the Russian and world economies is carried out, primarily in terms of such key development indicators as gross domestic product (GDP), industrial production, investment, inflation, and foreign trade. The authors identified bottlenecks and assessed the impact of new strategic initiatives on forecasts of socio-economic development in the period under review. The shortcomings of the current management system are analyzed, and measures aimed at overcoming the structural crisis are proposed. The need to improve state socio-economic policy is substantiated.It is noted that the Russian economy, despite the strengthening of sanctions by the collective West, has increased the sustainability of its development and the level of technological and scientific sovereignty. The article highlights shortcomings and a number of unresolved issues of import substitution and imperfect logistics of production and foreign economic relations, which create threats of decline of GDP and the level of technological sovereignty in the future.The paper substantiates the possibility of transforming all sectors and spheres of the national economy when implementing the plan presented in the Address of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly.
Effects of Budget Expenditures on Education and Youth Policy on Decreasing the Level of Delinquent Behavior of Adolescents
Authors: Doroshenko S. V. , Rozhina E. A.
Published: June 2024

One of the national development goals relates to realizing human potential and educating a socially responsible person, which, among other things, requires strengthening the state's role in preventing crimes, primarily among adolescents. In this regard, there is a need to quantify the impact of social spending budgets on the level of juvenile delinquency. The article substantiates a methodological approach to assessing the effects of expenditures on secondary vocational education and youth policy on the number of minors convicted of various crimes. In the study, the authors evaluated regression based on a fixed-effects model with the standard errors Driscoll – Kraay. Econometric modelling was based on panel data on 83 subjects of the Russian Federation for the period 2010–2020. The statistical data of the official websites of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Federal Treasury and the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation served as the information base of the study. Based on the simulation results, conclusions were drawn about the positive impact of increasing budget expenditures on secondary vocational education and youth policy, as a share of GRP, on reducing juvenile delinquency. The influence of control variables (income level, divorce rate, urbanization, general crime, etc.) was also confirmed. For the first time, the results obtained on Russian data significantly complement the conclusions of foreign econometric studies on similar issues
أسطورة الغول في الشعر الجاهلي: دراسة في الصورة المادية
Authors: Abdullah Abdulhalim
Published: June 2024

يسعى هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن أسطورة من أساطير العرب قبل الإسلام من خلال معالجته لأسطورة الغول في الشعر، وسيحاول البحث أن يستنبط الصفات المادية لصورة الغول كما ترددت خيالاتها في الأشعار والقصص. وعلى الرغم من أن صورة الغول قد اكتنفها شيء من الغموض إلا أن البحث استطاع تقديم بعض الصفات المادية لصورة الغول من خلال الأشعار والأخبار التي وصلت إلينا، فقد برز الغول في صور متعدّدة لدى العرب مزيجًا من الإنسان والحيوان، أو الجنّ والحيوان، ويغلب الاضطراب عليه وكثرة التحوّل والتلوّن، وهذه الصور في معظمها تبثّ الرعب والخوف في نفوس من يستمعون إلى القصص التي تتناول هذا الكائن الأسطوريّ الغريب؛ إذ يغطّي جسده شعر أسود غزير، وينبعث الشرر من عينيه الحمراوين، ويُطعم من لحوم البشر، كما أنّه يمتلك القدرة على التحوّل إلى أيّ صورة يريد؛ باستثناء رجليه اللتين تكونان دومًا رجليّ حمار أو عنز، كما أنّه مسكنه الخرائب والقفار الموحشة.
وبالرغم من كل تلك الأوصاف المرعبة استطاع بعض الشعراء – بحسب ادِّعائهم – التعايش مع الغول، والاقتران بها، وكل ذلك شكّل مادّة خصبة لخيالات الشعراء ليقدموا للقارئ صورًا وتشكيلات فنية طريفة جدّا.
İslâm Aile Hukuku Açısından Sinema Sanatçısının/Aktörün Beyanı (Nikâh ve Talâk Lafızları Özelinde)
Authors: Çetintürk Tacettin
Published: June 2024

Öz
Hukukî işlemlerde aslolan, işlemin özünü teşkil eden irade ile işlemin hukukî değer kazanmasını sağlayan irade beyanının mutabık olmasıdır. Ancak irade ile irade beyanı arasında uyumsuzluğa sebep olan bazı durumlar vardır ki bunlardan biri de aktörün durumudur. Aktör, kendisine tevdi edilen rolünü oynarken senaristin yazmış olduğu ifadeleri beyan etmektedir. Böylece aktör, özellikle nikâh ve talâka ilişkin kasıtlı bir şekilde irade beyanında bulunmakla birlikte beyanın doğuracağı hukukî sonuca kastı yoktur. Bu durumda aktörün halinin, hâzil kimse gibi kabul edilmesi mümkün mü? Nitekim hâzilin nikâh ve talâkının geçerli olduğu konusunda “Üç şey vardır ki bunların ciddisi de ciddi, şakası da ciddidir. Bunlar: Nikâh, boşama ve ric‘at (boşadıktan sonra tekrar eşine dönmek)tır.” rivayeti bulunmaktadır ve bu konuda fukaha ittifak halindedir. Klasik fıkıhta aktörün beyanına ilişkin ne mezhep imamlarından ne de ilgili mezheplerden görüş bulunmaktadır. Zira sözü edilen durum, güncel olup çağdaş İslâm hukukçularının üzerinde değerlendirmeler yaptığı bir konudur. Konunun güncel olması ve dolayısıyla önemine binaen bu çalışmayı ele almayı uygun gördük. Çalışma boyunca aktörün beyanı hakkında çağdaş fukahanın görüşlerini analiz ve kategorize edip detaylı bir şekilde inceledik. Bu doğrultuda konuya ilişkin tespit ettiğimiz görüşleri gerekçeleriyle birlikte analitik yöntemle değerlendirdik. Aktörün beyanı, irade ile beyanının uyuşmazlığından meydana gelen telkin ve hezl hallerinden hangisine dâhil edilmesi gerektiğini tespit etmeyi, hezl durumunda nikâh ve talâkın geçerli olduğunu bildiren rivayet özelinde ve sözü edilen rivayetin sebeb-i vurûd zemininden hareketle nikâh ve talâka ilişkin aktörün beyanını ortaya koymayı amaç edindik. Ayrıca bu çalışmanın amaçlarından biri de irade hürriyeti ilkesi sebebiyle aktörün iç iradesine mi yoksa hukukî güven ve istikrar için aktörün beyanına mı itibar edilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İslâm Hukuku, Sinema Sanatçısı/Aktör, İrade, İrade beyanı, Nikâh, Talâk.
Investigating Functional and Folding Stability of an Engineered E. coli L-asparaginase Harboring Y176F/S241C Mutations
Authors: Dastmalchi Mahrokh , Hamzeh-Mivehroud Maryam , Rezazadeh Hassan , Farajollahi Mohammad M , Dastmalchi Siavoush
Published: June 2024

Purpose: L-asparaginase has been widely recognized as a critical component in the treatment of various types of lymphoproliferative disorders, since its introduction in 1960s. However, its use in some cases leads to allergic reactions rendering the continuation of treatment unfeasible. Thus, the development of L-asparaginase from alternative sources or the production of engineered enzymes have always been considered. This study aimed to produce and evaluate a novel enzyme designed based on the sequence of L-asparaginase from Escherichia coli bacteria with Y176F/S241C mutations. Methods: The Y176F/S241C mutant L-asparaginase was successfully expressed as the GST-fusion protein in E. coli, and then was subjected to affinity and size exclusion chromatography. The activity of the purified enzyme was determined based on the released ammonia as the result of substrate hydrolysis using Nessler’s reagent. Chemical denaturation experiment in the presence of increasing concentration of guanidinium chloride was applied to determine the folding stability of the purified enzyme. Results: The mutant enzyme was purified with an efficiency of 77-fold but at a low recovery of 0.7%. The determined kinetic parameters Km, Vmax, kcat, specific activity and catalytic efficiency were 13.96 (mM), 2.218 (mM/min), 273.9 (min-1), 237.8 (IU/mg) and 19.62 (mM-1 min-1), respectively. Moreover, unfolding free energy determined by guanidinium chloride induced denaturation for mutated and commercial L-asparaginase enzymes were 8421 J/mol and 5274 J/mol, respectively. Conclusion: The mutant enzyme showed improved stability over the wild-type. Although the expression level and recovery were low, the mutant L-asparaginase demonstrated promising activity and stability, with potential clinical and industrial applications.
Evaluation of Education Methods for the Public During Epidemics of Communicable Diseases from the Perspective of the Public: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mohammaddokht Salar , Azami-Aghdash Saber , Alizadeh Mobasher Tofigh , Nadrian Haidar , Nasiri Elaheh
Published: June 2024

Background. In recent decades, epidemics of various infectious diseases have occurred. Despite the health authorities' educational efforts to provide people with adequate information, there is not enough evidence regarding the evaluation and effectiveness of educational methods. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational methods provided for the public during epidemics of infectious diseases from people's perspective. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran in 2023. The participants included individuals who were older than 15 years and were living in Iran during the recent epidemics. We used a tailored questionnaire consisting of 14 questions to gather information. The validity of the questionnaire was ensured by calculating the content validity index and ratio. Furthermore, its reliability was confirmed through a pilot study. The participants were selected using convenience sampling. In order to collect data, the questionnaire was distributed to the target group both electronically and in person. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24) with normality tests conducted, and any P-value below 0.05 was considered significant. Results. A total of 278 individuals participated in the study, with the majority being women (62.3%). The average age of the participants was 33.9 years old. Most of the participants had a bachelor's degree (43.2%). According to the results of the study, social networks were identified as the most commonly used source for receiving educational materials during infectious disease epidemics (76.8%), and they were also considered to be the most effective source (87.6%). Additionally, based on the participants' opinions, social networks outperformed other information sources (78%). Face-to-face education provided by healthcare workers was identified as the most trusted educational source (81.6%), and the participants recommended this method to others more than any other method. (82.4%). Interviews with healthcare experts and in-person education provided by healthcare workers were perceived as the most effective educational methods by the people surveyed (60.4%). Furthermore, the results indicated that as individuals age, their reliance on sources of information like the Internet, social networks, and newspapers tends to decrease. Conclusion. The results of the current study can provide valuable information for policymakers on educating the public during epidemics of communicable diseases, as well as help them make quick, effective, and evidence-based decisions.
Epidemiologic Depiction of Main Risk Factors of Brain Stroke in East Azerbaijan Province (The Northwest of Iran): A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Farhoudi Mehdi , Gilani Neda , Bahari Ali , Sadeghi-Hokmabadi Elyar
Published: June 2024

Background. Brain stroke is the second most common cause of death and the first cause of disability in Iran. Most stroke-related deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. This epidemiological study was conducted due to insufficient studies and generally with a small sample size in the country, aiming at identifying the main risk factors for stroke in East Azarbaijan province. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed using data gathered from 5430 patients with a definite diagnosis of brain stroke registered in the Tabriz Stroke Registration System (TSR) between February 2015 and June 2021 in the referral hospitals of East Azerbaijan. Analyses were performed using STATA software (version 17). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and a chi-square test was run. It is worth mentioning that any P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The epidemiological profile of the main risk factors was presented in the framework of clinical trials and findings, clinical risk factors, and behavioral risk factors associated with brain stroke. The mean age of the patients was 69.52±15.72 years; 47.15% were female and 52.85% were male. The most common risk factors include: having high blood pressure (67.81%), snoring (32.06%), diabetes mellitus (22.23%), ischemic heart disease (17.55%), aspiration pneumonia (15.32%), smoking (13.65%), atrial fibrillation (10.15%), and hyperlipidemia (9.12%). Ischemic brain stroke (68.20%) was more common than hemorrhagic brain stroke (31.80%). Smoking was significantly higher in men than women (P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension (P<0.001), atrial fibrillation (P=0.001), and hyperlipidemia (P<0.001) was significantly higher in women than men. There was a direct and significant relationship between atrial fibrillation and age (P<0.001) and female gender (P=0.001). Conclusion. The main risk factors for brain stroke include high blood pressure, snoring, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, aspiration pneumonia, smoking, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia, respectively. Hypertension is the most common risk factor among patients, so screening for asymptomatic cases is recommended. Educating people about common clinical manifestations can help expedite their early referral and treatment.
Enfermedad de Graves en el embarazo: un enfoque en el manejo y complicaciones asociadas
Authors: Piedra Ugarte Kristel , Leiva Segura Tatiana Yazmín , Mora Garro Rosa Angélica
Published: June 2024

La enfermedad de Graves representa la principal causa de hipertiroidismo durante el embarazo. Aunque su prevalencia es baja, resulta esencial su manejo precoz y seguimiento oportuno. El abordaje diagnóstico se realiza con las pruebas de función tiroidea, correlacionando sus rangos de referencia con los cambios fisiológicos presentes durante el embarazo, además de la identificación de anticuerpos antireceptor de TSH (TRAb) en suero materno. La base del tratamiento radica en el uso de tionamidas, teniendo consideraciones especiales en su empleo durante las distintas etapas de la gestación y el periodo de lactancia. La tiroidectomía puede estar indicada bajo circunstancias muy específicas. Por otra parte, la enfermedad de Graves puede cursar con complicaciones maternas, obstétricas, fetales y neonatales las cuales se presentan en relación con la tirotoxicosis, los fenómenos autoinmunes y los efectos de los fármacos antitiroideos. Finalmente, el seguimiento postparto también es fundamental para minimizar el riesgo de recaídas y morbilidad asociada.
Reporte de caso: Vasculitis asociada a ANCA: cuadro crónico de dolor pleurítico, pérdida de peso y neuropatía periférica
Authors: Salazar Borbon Juan Diego , Bonilla Jaen Sofía , García Quirós Christian , Hidalgo Rodríguez Fabiola , Marín Barboza Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

La vasculitis asociada a ANCA denominada así por la presencia de anticuerpos anticitoplasma del neutrófilo es una enfermedad rara, crónica, inflamatoria con características clínicas inespecíficas y un diagnóstico por lo general tardío. Conlleva a que esta condición autoinmune se asocie con alta mortalidad y morbilidad. En el presente caso clínico se reporta una paciente femenina adulta mayor con más de un año de signos y síntomas caracterizadas por dolor pleurítico, pérdida de peso, neuropatía periférica, lesiones púrpuricas palpables secundaria a vasculitis asociada a ANCA. Por medio de tratamiento inmunosupresor con el uso inicial de esteroides intravenosos en bolos a altas dosis y ciclofosfamida por la vía oral, la paciente presenta rápida mejoría y control de su cuadro clínico. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en cuanto a epidemiología, fisiopatología, hallazgos patológicos, manifestaciones clínicas, así como los hallazgos de laboratorio, las diferentes estrategias de tratamiento y la sobrevida de dicha enfermedad.
Determinantes sociales de la salud asociados a discapacidad: revisión sistemática
Authors: Tlapa Pale Arturo , Arbez Evangelista Cristian , Juárez Ibarra Karla I
Published: June 2024

Los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DSS) son las circunstancias en que las personas nacen, crecen, viven, trabajan y envejecen. Dentro del modelo de DSS se considera la discapacidad como un déficit, limitaciones en la actividad y restricciones en la participación de las personas. Se carece de información en la que se cuestione sobre la función de la determinación social de la discapacidad. El objetivo del presente estudio es presentar la evidencia relacionada con la asociación entre DSS y discapacidad. El método es una revisión exploratoria y se incluyeron artículos de los años 2013 a 2021, artículos originales con metodología cuantitativa que evaluaran DSS y discapacidad. 42 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se encontró que los adultos mayores y las mujeres presentan mayor discapacidad. No existe asociación significativa con discapacidad para el grupo étnico y la posición social. Las personas con discapacidad tienen baja escolaridad y pertenecen al nivel socioeconómico más bajo, es más probable que funcionalmente se les limite teniendo una posibilidad menor de recuperación. Tienen más probabilidad de reportar una enfermedad mental, mayores problemas de salud y mayor probabilidad de sufrir exclusión social. En relación con el acceso al mercado laboral y las condiciones de empleo, sus oportunidades están limitadas en comparación con las personas que no presentan alguna discapacidad. En cuanto al acceso a los servicios de salud se puede identificar largos tiempos de espera, un exceso de trámites para la atención y la falta de recursos económicos que limita su posibilidad de atención. Por lo tanto, es necesario la producción de evidencia empírica en la que se relacionen los DSS y la discapacidad para el contexto mexicano.
Tumor de Krukenberg: un enigma metastásico
Authors: Moraga Arias Carolina de los Ángeles , Umaña Miranda Eric Gerardo , Vargas Solís Alberto Jesús
Published: June 2024

Los tumores en la actualidad están afectando la vida de muchas personas. El Tumor de Krukenberg es una masa maligna en el ovario que suele aparecer en ambos ovarios y se origina principalmente a partir de una neoplasia gástrica secreto-mucinosa en aproximadamente el 90% de los casos documentados. La pesquisa desarrollada en esta investigación permite comprobar que existe poca investigación científica sobre este tema a nivel local, especialmente en Costa Rica y América Latina en general, por lo tanto, el propósito de este artículo es organizar y actualizar el conocimiento acerca de este tipo de neoplasia, mejorar el diagnóstico y, con ello, el enfoque terapéutico. La metodología de este estudio es de tipo revisión bibliográfica con el análisis de 15 artículos médicos relevantes e investigaciones académicas del tema. Las conclusiones muestran que este tumor es un cáncer maligno poco común, a menudo subdiagnosticado, que presenta un pronóstico desfavorable debido a diagnósticos tardíos, por lo que su abordaje temprano es vital para mejorar la esperanza de vida de los pacientes.
Detección molecular de Chlamydia trachomatis y Neisseria gonorrhoeae en muestras de orina de pacientes adultos VIH positivo. Hospital Roosevelt 2019 al 2021
Authors: Navas Castillo Jessenia Sabrina , Baldizón Pernillo Diana Karina , Samayoa Bran Ana Johanna
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la positividad de C. trachomatis y N. gonorrhoeae por prueba molecular en muestras de orina de pacientes adultos VIH positivo, en la Unidad de Atención Integral e Infecciones Crónicas del Hospital Roosevelt del 2019 al 2021. Este es un estudio transversal descriptivo, no probabilístico de casos consecutivos en 810 pacientes VIH positivo con indicación médica o por estudio basal de tamizaje para prueba molecular de CT/NG, del 2019 al 2021.  El análisis de datos se realizó en el software estadístico Jamovi V 2.3.21. Los resultados se presentan en frecuencias y porcentajes, para la asociación entre variables se aplicó chi cuadrado con significancia del 5%. C. trachomatis se detectó en 4.7% y N. gonorrhoeae; en 1.6%. La mayor positividad de C. trachomatis se detectó en hombres y en el rango de 40 a 49 años, en tanto que N. gonorrhoeae fue más prevalente en hombres y en el rango etario de 20 a 29. El sexo masculino quien presentó mayor frecuencia de positividad con 27 y 13 casos de cada infección, respectivamente. C. trachomatis se presentó en 13 pacientes de 13 a 49 años y gonorrea en 6 pacientes de 20 a 29 años. Los hallazgos de este estudio demuestran la importancia de realizar la prueba molecular para detección de CT/NG como parte del control anual en pacientes VIH positivo asintomáticos, como parte del tamizaje de ITS en pacientes con reciente diagnóstico de VIH y por indicación clínica incluyendo los sitios anatómicos según el riesgo.
On the method of determining the diffusion lengths of non-basic charge carriers in inhomogeneously doped layers
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Arias E. A. , Gavrushko V. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Karachinov V. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Petrov V. M. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

The paper considers a method for determining the diffusion lengths of non-basic charge carriers based on the analysis of the spectral characteristics of a planar electron-hole transition. The thickness of the illuminated area was reduced by chemical etching. By changing the signal for radiation in the region of strong absorption, the effective length of the tightening of non-basic charge carriers was determined. With removal of layers, a change in the electrical conductivity of the illuminated area was recorded. This made it possible to construct the doping profile and determine the intensity of the built-in electric field. The obtained results made it possible to calculate the diffusion length of the non-basic charge carriers. An example of implementation of the described method for an InSb-based photodiode is given. The proposed technique can be effectively used to determine small values of diffusion lengths of inhomogeneously alloyed layers.
Photodeceptive device based on heteroepitaxial structure GaSb/InGaAsSb
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Gavrushko V. V. , Grigor'ev A. N. ,   Industrial Throttles LLC, Sapozhnikov A. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Karachinov V. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Bystrov N. E. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Petrov V. M. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

The article provides information on the structure of an uncooled photodetector based on an InGaAsSb compound for the spectral range of 1.7...2.3 microns. The data on the integral sensitivity and also the spectral, noise, and threshold characteristics of the photodetector in the temperature range of 223-323 K are presented. The detectivity at room temperature reached the values D*(λmax,1000.1)=9.4.1010 W1.cm.Hz1/2. The dynamic range was 64 dB.
Simulation of an algorithm for increasing the resolution of a hyperspectral system
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Gareev V. M. , Gareev M. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Kornyshev N. P. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Serebriakov D. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Bystrov N. E. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the issues of computer simulation of algorithms for processing spectral images, namely: the procedure for increasing their clarity. For this purpose, a spectral image obtained from a hyperspectrometer is used, as well as additional information from a high-resolution color video camera. The hyperspectrometer and the color video camera form a hyperspectral system in which various processing procedures can be implemented. The article considers a relatively simple processing algorithm with use of E. Land's retinex theory. A block diagram of the image processing stages is presented, as well as the results of computer modeling using real spectral images. Comparative quantitative characteristics of reference and processed images are analyzed. It is shown by modeling that with insignificant spatial distortions, the number of singular points (gradients) of the image, and, consequently, the clarity of the original spectral image increase by several times.
Relativistic model of interatomic interactions
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Zakharov A. Yu. , Zakharov M. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we propose a method for relativistic description of the dynamics of systems of interacting particles through an auxiliary field which in the static mode is equivalent to given interatomic potentials, and in the dynamic mode is a classical relativistic field. It has been established that for static interatomic potentials of a general form, the auxiliary field is a composition of elementary fields satisfying the Klein-Gordon type equations. Each elementary field is characterized by a complex parameter which is an analogue of the real mass in the Klein-Gordon equation. The interaction between particles through an auxiliary field is nonlocal both in spatial variables and in time. The qualitative properties of solutions to equations describing the auxiliary field are studied. Relativistic mechanisms of both the thermodynamic behavior and synergetic effects in few-particle systems have been established.
Research of magnetoelectric longitudinal-shear and torsional modes in asymmetric structures
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Ivanov S. V. , Sokolov O. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Bichurin M. I. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Zakharov M. A ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Petrov R. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

The theoretical study of possibility for the torsional mode identification against the background of longitudinal-shear one in asymmetric ME composites Metglas / GaAs and Metglas / bimorph LN Zyl + 45° is carried out in this paper. It is determined that ME composites with bimorph LN Zyl + 45° are better to use as a piezoelectric to study the torsional mode of the ME effect. This is due to the fact that the longitudinal-shear mode is not excited in the ME composite with a bimorph LN Zyl + 45°, and the ME voltage coefficient depends only on the torsional mode.
Modeling of the thermal field in conditions of optical location of latent defects in heat pipes
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Karachinov V. A. , Petrov D. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University,   JSC OKB Planeta, Shergin S. S. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University,   Askold JSC, Gavrushko V. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Bystrov N. E. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Petrov V. M. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

Modern heat pipes (HP), being special cooling devices, effectively provide continuous removal of thermal energy. Currently, the HP class the bodies of which have a specially designed shape and are made of aluminum alloys, is widely used in radio-electronic equipment engineering. The geometric, thermal, and mathematical models of HP were developed for computer simulation. A series of calculations were also performed, which made it possible to visualize the morphology of the thermal field of HP and identify the influence of defects of different types. As part of the contactless HP quality diagnostics technology, a new computer model of the thermal field has been developed to ensure the integrity of the signal interpretation during the thermal imaging quality diagnostics.
Analysis of the informative value of morphology of the temperature field for heat pipes in conditions of photonic heating
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Karachinov V. A. , Petrov D. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University,   JSC OKB Planeta, Shergin S. S. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University,   Askold JSC, Gavrushko V. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Bystrov N. E. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Petrov V. M. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of generation and selection of morphological features of the temperature field and the information principle, methods for calculating informative value have been developed and implemented for heat pipes. The first technique consists in the application of energy principle and provides increased sensitivity to local distortions of the temperature field of a shaped heat pipe. The second technique is implemented using the method of accumulated frequencies and Shannon coding. It is characterized by the use of both theoretical and experimental samples.
Applications Of The Atomic Force Microscope Within The Fields Of Haematology And Cytogenetics
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, O'Reilly-Crowley Margaret
Published: June 2024

"Atomic force microscopy [AFM] has become a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field of research in recent years. The technique, including instrumentation and specimen preparation methods, is now more sophisticated and its application has increased dramatically. The key advantage of AFM is in providing three-dimensional images of samples imaged. Both size and shape of samples imaged can be obtained allowing their subsequent quantification. Red blood cells [RBCs] and chromosomes were imaged in this work. A brief overview of the current status of biomedical AFM, has been presented in the review. Measurement of mean cell volume [MCV] of immobilised red blood cells with the AFM was studied in this project. This parameter increases in value, once a blood sample is taken. Thus, accuracy of the MCV result depends on how soon the hospital laboratory measures the sample. The advantage of measuring MCV with the AFM, is that once an EDTA blood film is made and fixed, soon after taking of the sample, the AFM can measure MCV at any time. Results from automated analysers can be ambiguous, e.g. macrocytosis in a blood film can give a normal MCV, especially when the RBCs are thinner than normal. MCVs were obtained for immobilised RBCs [immobilised mean cell volume, IMCV] with the AFM, and compared with the mobile RBCs measured with the automated hospital analysers. Though the diameter of RBCs decreases to about one-third of its original value, the results of the AFM follow the trends in MCV values. Many clinical disorders are diagnosed from the morphology of RBCs. The AFM can give surface topography of the RBC thus allowing diagnosis of morphological abnormalities. Chromosomes were also imaged with the AFM, and using line analysis both normal and abnormal human metaphase chromosomes were karyotyped. "
Arapça Öğretmeni Yetiştirme Açısından İlahiyat Programları: Mesleki Arapça Dersi Örneği
Authors: Erken İsmail
Published: June 2024

Öğretim programları, eğitim-öğretim sürecinin hedeflerini, içeriğini, yöntem ve tekniklerini, araç-gereçlerini ve değerlendirme yöntemlerini belirler. Bu nedenle, öğretmenlerin yeterliliklerini de doğrudan etkiler. Arapça, Türkiye'de ilkokul 2. sınıftan başlayıp liselerde 12. sınıfa kadar farklı okul türlerinin ders programlarında yer alan bir derstir. Aynı zamanda yükseköğretimde de İlahiyat ve Arap Dili alanına dair lisans programları bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Mesleki Arapça (11. ve 12. sınıf) dersi programlarını ve İlahiyat fakültelerinde yer alan Arapça ders programlarını incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, programlardan yola çıkarak nasıl bir öğretmen yeterliliği öngörüldüğünü tespit etmek ve İlahiyat Fakültesi programları içerisinde bu yeterliliklerin sağlanıp sağlanmadığını yordamaktır. Türkiye'deki üç İlahiyat Fakültesinin (İstanbul, Marmara ve Ankara) programları alanyazın incelemesi metodu uygulanarak değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmada, programların hedefleri, içeriği, yöntem ve teknikleri, araç-gereçleri ve değerlendirme yöntemleri dikkate alınacaktır. Ayrıca, Mesleki Arapça ders kitapları da genel bir gözleme tabi tutulacaktır.
Kur'an-ı Kerim'in Tevhid İnancını Anlatmadaki Beyan Çeşitliliği
Authors: Caymaz İsmail Fethullah , Tiyek Fatih
Published: June 2024

Kur’an-ı Kerim, kullandığı dil ve üslup yönünden sadece bilgi vermeyi değil, muhataplarında kendi temel ilkeleri doğrultusunda kalıcı bir davranış değişikliği gerçekleştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu bakımdan vahiy süreci boyunca ilahi kelamda tekdüze bir üslup değil, her biri birbirinden farklı hususiyetlere sahip çeşitli ifade şekillerine başvurulmuştur. Kur’an muhtevasında, vahyin en temel konusunun tevhid olduğu ise kuşku götürmez bir hakikattir. Öyle ki tarih boyunca tevhid, İslam dininin en sade ve en öz ifadesi olarak kabul edilmiş, bu durum İslamiyet’e girişin bir şiarı olan kelime-i tevhid formatında dile getirilmiştir. Bu sebeple İslam’ın en temel kaynağı olan Kur’an-ı Kerim’de tevhidin nasıl ve ne şekilde ele alındığı, bu doğrultuda hangi delillerden yararlanıldığı, hangi ikna metotlarına başvurulduğu incelenmesi ehemmiyet arz eden bir husustur. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, Kur’an-ı Kerim’in tevhid inancını anlatmada kullandığı dil ve üslubun yakından tanınması, bunun tevhid inancının benimsenmesine olan etkisinin anlaşılması, analiz edilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi ana temasında şekillenmiştir.