bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pressure fluctuation study in the stages of a multistage pump at best efficiency points under various operating speeds
Authors:   Associate Professor, Center for Energy Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Arumugam Dhanasekaran , Sivasailam Kumaraswamy ,   Former Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036
Published: October 2021

The interaction between the rotor and stator is a major source of high amplitude pressure fluctuation and flow-induced vibration in multistage centrifugal pumps. The pressure fluctuation is detrimental to the reliable operation of pumps. The sensitivity of vibration is severe if the number of stages is more. In the present experimental study, a vertical multistage centrifugal submersible pump is used to measure the pressure fluctuation level at Best Efficiency Points (BEP) and to determine the influence of stage and operating speed on pressure fluctuation. For this purpose, pressure fluctuation signals were captured at the delivery side of the pump at BEP at various speed settings. The characteristics of pressure fluctuation at BEP at various operating speeds were studied with the help of spectra, i.e., in the frequency domain. The amplitude variation of pressure fluctuation with harmonics of vane passing frequency at stages were studied. Results have indicated that variation of pressure fluctuation with stage and speed exhibited a non-linear variation. In addition, such a pressure fluctuation study will be helpful to modify the design to obtain a uniform pressure distribution in the stages of a multistage pump.
Geomorphology-Wavelet based approach to rainfall runoff modeling for data scarce semi-arid regions, Kolar River catchment, India
Authors:   Dept. of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India-462003, Tiwari Deepak Kumar , H. L. Tiwari ,   Dept. of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India-462003, Nateriya Raman ,   Dept. of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India-462003
Published: October 2021

The conceptual and physical mathematical model of rainfall-runoff modeling uses various parameters such as land use land cover, soil type classification, rainfall, atmospheric data such as temperature, evapotranspiration, solar radiation and wind speed, etc. But these data may not be available for developing countries and data scares semi-arid watershed. Also, the problem is even more critical for ungauged catchments and where manual record is maintained of water level and rainfall data. To address this issue, trend analysis is performed using Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope test which shows significant trend change stressing the need for new method for runoff prediction for better water resource management. In this study, a total of four models namely nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs lumped (LNARX), nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous geomorphometrically processed inputs (GNARX), wavelet nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs (WLNARX) and nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous geomorphometrically processed inputs (WGNARX). Ten models with different input combinations were selected based on their performance are analyzed for all the four networks. The best performing model for these networks is model no. 6 with WGNARX network with NSE 0.97 and RMSE 0.97 and with least value of RMSE. This method can be applied to data scarce region where data available are available for shorter duration and helpful for ungauged catchments also.
Design of Area Efficient, Low-Power and Reliable Transmission Gate-based 10T SRAM Cell for Biomedical Application
Authors:   Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, VFSTR, Vadlamudi, India, Valluri Aswini , Musala Sarada ,   Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, VFSTR, Vadlamudi, India, Jayabalan Muralidharan ,   Departmentof Electronics and communication Engineering, KPR Institute of engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India
Published: October 2021

There is an immense necessity of several kilo bytes of embedded memory for Biomedical systems which typically operate in the sub-threshold domain with perfect efficiency. SRAMs (Static Random Access Memory) dominates the total power consumption and the overall silicon area, as 70% of the die has been occupied by them. This brief proposes the design of a Transmission gate-based SRAM cell for Bio medical application eliminating the use of peripheral circuitry during the read operation. It commences the read operation directly with the help of Transmission gates with which the data stored in the storage nodes can be read, instead of using the precharge and sense amplifier circuits which suits better for the implantable devices. This topology offers smaller area, reduced delay, low power consumption as well as improved data stabilization in the read operation. The cell is implemented in 45nm CMOS technology operated at 0.45V.
Performance of a Cooling Tower with the Use of a New Kind of High-density Polyethylene (HDPE) Packing
Authors:   Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14150, Bab-al-Mu'adhem, Baghdad, Iraq., Kariem Nagam Obaid , Rasheed Mohammed A. ,   Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14150, Bab-al-Mu'adhem, Baghdad, Iraq., Al-Sharify Zainab T. ,   School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Published: October 2021

This research work deals with the performance of high-density polyethylene sheets arranged in splash used as a fill for a cooling tower. “A forced-draught counter flow cooling tower” of 400 mm × 400 mm cross-sectional area and 1.7m in height was built. The fill has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Air rates of 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 kg/s.m2 were utilized with water flow rates within the range of 1 to 1.6 kg/s.m2. The overall volumetric heat transfer coefficient, volumetric mass transfer coefficient (Mt), and the tower characteristics (Mt/L) are shown to be functions of the air and water flow rates concurrently. Four available input parameters were inlet water temperature, airflow rate, water flow rate, and full height. A computer program was prepared to perform numerical analysis for reducing data sets obtained from the plant. In addition, analysis was carried out for evaluating the volumetric heat and mass transfer coefficients along with the performance coefficient.
Modeling and Power Optimization Control of Tidal Energy Systems
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Almajmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia, Abo-Khalil Ahmed G. , Sayed Khairy ,   Faculty of Engineering, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt (K. S.), Elnozahy Ahmed ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt, Yu B. G. ,   Division of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Kongju National University, South Korea, bgyuyu@kongju.ac.kr(B.G.Y.)
Published: October 2021

As interest in emergency power has increased, research on engine generators has been actively conducted. Permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) are suitable for small-capacity engine generators because they have higher efficiency and faster response than other motors. In this paper, the static and dynamic characteristics of the tidal turbine have been modeled and implemented experimentally. The rotational speed of the PMSG is regulated to extract the generator maximum power at a variable tidal velocity using the conventional optimum tip-speed ratio method. has been implemented to the proposed tidal power system since it is a simple method. The performance of the PMSG in the tidal power system has been investigated at different tidal speeds. The experimental results have validated the efficiency of the proposed controller to extract the maximum power point.
Effect of Membership Functions and Data Size on the Performance of ANFIS-Based Model for Predicting Path Losses in the VHF and UHF Bands
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria, N. T. Surajudeen-Bakinde , Faruk Nasir ,   Department of Telecommunication Science, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Abdulkarim Abubakar ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria, Oloyede Abdulkarim A. ,   Department of Telecommunication Science, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Olawoyin Lukman A. ,   Department of Telecommunication Science, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Popoola Segun I. ,   Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Sowande Olugbenga ,   Institute for Systems Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, Adetiba Emmanuel ,   Institute for Systems Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the effect of number and shape of membership function (MF), and training data size on the performance of ANFIS model for predicting path losses in the VHF and UHF bands in built-up environments. Path loss propagation measurements were conducted in four cities of Nigeria over the cellular and broadcasting frequencies. A total of 17 broadcast transmission and cellular base stations were utilized for this study. From the results obtained, it can be concluded for the broadcasting bands that the generalized bell MF shows better performance with an average RMSE of 3.00 dB across all the routes, followed by gaussian, Pi, trapezoid and triangular MFs in that other with average RMSE values of 3.09 dB, 3.11 dB, 3.16 dB and 3.23 dB respectively. For the cellular systems, Triangular MF outperformed other MFs with the lowest average RMSE. The generalized bell MF was found to be suited for WCDMA band while triangular MF is most suited for GSM band. Furthermore, it can also be concluded that the higher the number of membership functions, the lower the RMSE, whereas, a decrease in the data size leads to a reduction in the RMSE values. The findings of this study would help researchers and network planners to make a more informed decision on choosing appropriate system parameters when modeling ANFIS models for path loss prediction.
Vibration Analysis of Gearbox Fault Diagnosis using DWT and Statistical Features
Authors:   School of Avionics, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India., Suresh Setti , M Srinivas ,   School of Avionics, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India., VPS Naidu ,   Multi Sensor Data Fusion Lab, FMCD, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore, India.
Published: October 2021

The gearbox is one of the critical subsystems in any rotating machinery, which plays a significant role in machine-driven power transmission in terms of change in speed and torque. It plays a vital role in patching different industrial functionalities. The advent of developing different gear technologies and the requirement to fulfil the desired mechanical benefits lead to add more importance to the gearbox health condition monitoring from various types of fault occurrences at an earlier stage. This study presents the vibration analysis of gearbox fault diagnosis using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and statistical features. It is observed that, using wavelet reconstruction in the fault diagnosis better fault classification is achieved. The fault diagnosis has presented with an emphasis in time-domain followed by two different approaches. The approach-1 is illustrated as windowing of raw signal, feature extraction and feature classification using support vector machine (SVM). In the approach-2, after windowing the raw signal - each window of original vibration signal has converted into wavelet coefficients reconstructed signals (without leaving the time domain) using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) at different levels of decomposition followed by approach-1. The fault diagnostic accuracy of SVM is presented with 100 Monte-Carlo -runs to validate the consistency in the accomplished result. By observing the success rates in two approaches, it is clear that approach-2 with wavelet coefficient’s reconstructed signal is providing better classification accuracy, which can be practically deployed to diagnose the gearbox fault.
Performance study on the C.I engine using LHR and LTC in combination with biodiesel blends
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering, Mother Theresa Institute of Engineering and Technology, Palamaner, India., RT Sarathbabu , M Kannan ,   Mechanical Engineering, KCG College of Technology, Chennai, India
Published: October 2021

Currently, the research of a single-cylinder 4-stroke direct injection diesel engine, which was naturally aspired, was used, and two modification methods were used. The first is the low-heat rejection method (LHR), and the second is the low-temperature combustion method (LTC). LHR was introduced into the engine by ceramic coating with alumina, which is applied to engine components such as the piston, cylinder lining, and valves and has a thickness of 300 microns without affecting the dimensions of the engine parts. In the next method, low - temperature combustion (LTC) method is done with EGR technique. And the exhaust gas recirculation setting (EGR) is included in the same setup as that of first method. Since, 15% of an exhaust gas is used in the EGR process. The diesel is blended with 20% of mahua biodiesel and 5% of ethanol as a fuel. After that, the engine performance is tested with conventional fuel when compared with biodiesel as a combined LHR and LTC methods. Finally, the engine output is increased by up to 3.48% as a result of the combination of LHR and LTC. As a result, emission levels could be dramatically decreased, and other results obtained could include a decrease in infrared radiation, resulting in a decrease in specific fuel consumption (SFC), and a substantial improvement in engine efficiency characteristics.
Формування вимог що до створення автоматизованої комп’ютерної підсистеми управління супутниковою антеною.
Authors: Kaganyuk А.
Published: October 2021

В даній статті розглядаються питання щодо формування основних положень на створення автоматизованої комп’ютерної підсистеми управління супутниковою антенною із використанням мікроконтролера
Розробка Web-орієнтованої інформаційної системи контролю відвідування та успішності учнів у закладах освіти.
Authors: Kovivchak Ya. , Kynash Yu. , Kustra N. , Kurakh V.
Published: October 2021

Стаття присвячена розробці Web-орієнтованої інформаційної системи кон­тролю відвідування та успішності учнів у закладах освіти. Приведено аналіз функціональних можливостей існуючих  по­діб­них інформаційних систем, які використовуються для контролю відвідування та успішності учнів у закладах освіти. При­ве­дено діаграму випадків використання користувачів системи. Розроблено структурну схему Web-орієнтованої інфор­мацій­ної системи контролю відвідування та успішності учнів. Приведено діаграму класів та структуру бази даних системи. Роз­роб­лено програмні компоненти та інтерфейс користувача інформаційної системи контролю відвідування та успішності учнів у закладах освіти
Моделювання системи забезпечення множинного неортогонального доступу у мережі 5G
Authors: Kokiza S.
Published: October 2021

Розглянуто принципи організації систем захисту процесу передачі даних у глобальних інформаційних мережах на базі інтерфейсу неортогонального множинного доступу. Запропонована математична модель побудови телекомунікаційної мережі організованої відповідно до стандарту 5G, у рамках якої інформаційні вузли користувачі та зловмисників розташовані випадковим чином. Оцінка ефективності стратегії запобігання витокам «чутливих даних» було модифіковано асимптотичні рівняння ймовірності збою системи захисту. Система оцінки надійності передачі даних базується на статичних даних поточного співвідношення сигналу до суми шуму і інтерференції сигналів тапоточного співвідношення сигналу до шуму для користувачів сервісу, а також сторонніх осіб з неавторизованим доступом до мережевого ресурсу.
Розв'язок задач оптимізації засобами програми R з прикладом оцінки ймовірнісного розподілу.
Authors: Mamchych Т. , Khanin О. , Mamchych I.
Published: October 2021

В роботі розглядаються можливості програми для задач оптимізації. Ця програма разом з асоційованими пакетами використана для виконання алгоритмів лінійної, квадратичної та нелінійної оптимізації. Головна увага зосереджена на обчисленнях для модифікованого  методу оцінки розподілу ймовірностей. Пропонується  ефективна обчислювальна технологія, придатна для широкого застосування
Costs of Extended Use of the Immune Check Point Inhibitors in 1st-line Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guirgis Helmy M
Published: October 2021

Aim: Cost-effectiveness in the health care system has been extensively investigated. Reports, however, on costs and the impact of extended use of the immune check point inhibitors (ICI) are rare. Pembrolizumab (Pembro) improved the 5-year overall survival in1st-line advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer a/m-NSCLC. ICI are rather expensive, and costs are bound to increase with prolonged therapy. We purposed to focus on cost of extended ICI use beyond their indications in a/m-NSCLC. Methods: The 2020 annual posted drug costs were calculated in US$. Except for the one-year adjuvant Durv, used for curative intent, ICI costs were calculated for 2-years and beyond. Adverse events-treatment costs and generic chemo-drugs were not included. Results: ICI costs ranged from $103,400 to $168,948 with $148,431 mean. Adjuvant Durv one-year costs were $148,013. The 2-year Pembro costs in PD-L1 > 50% were $334,652, multiplying to >$836,630 after 5 years. Addition of 4 Peme cycles improved outcome regardless of PD-L1 at costs of $360,912. Costs of the 2-year Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) and one-year Peme were $722,977. Use of Biosimilar (Bio) saved $77,120. Atezo-Peme without Bev reduced costs to $422,725. Costs of Ipilimumab/Nivolumab (Ipi/Nivo) were $544,696. Adding 2 Peme cycles increased costs to $557,826. Extended for 6 months, the 2-year-costs of the 3 ICI combinations increased by 25% of the maintenance ICI. As compared with Pembro-Peme, the 2-year costs of Atezo/Bio-Bev-Peme were 2.00 higher, Atezo-Bio-Bev-Peme 1.79, Atezo-Pem 1.17, Ipi/Nivo 1.51 and Ipi/Nivo-Peme 1.55. The ratios would further separate with extended use beyond 2 years. Conclusions: ICI costs are determined by duration of therapy more than by the posted annual price. Costs of extended use call for guidance on therapy duration and emphasize the need for cost constraint-policies.
Contemporary Treatment for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: D Mitova
Published: October 2021

Aim: To study the short-and long-term results of 2RT nanosecond laser treatment for CSC. To compare clinical results with those with AntiVEGF. Methods: Nanosecond laser (2RT, Ellex) was used. Patients were followed by BCVA, FAF, OCT, Angio-OCT. Results: 90% of the patient treated with 2RT had improvement of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. 19 % [1] patients showed no improvement. 81% of the 2RT treated patients had total resorbtion of subretinal fluid against 60% treated with AntiVEGF. Functional results correlated with the atrophy of RPE in the macula. 46% (19 patients) had resolution on the first month, 23% [2]-on the third and 12% [3]-on the sixth month. The time of resolution shows no relation to the baseline pigment epithelial atrophy. Four patients presented with a recurrency of the disease in the follow-up period. 19% [1] were non responders. 60% of AntiVEGF treated eyes were responders and 40% were non responders. Those who responded to treatment needed between 3 and 10 injections. Conclusion: 2 RT is a non-invasive treatment modality with no adverse effects and high success rates.
Association between antibiotic pressure and the risk of colonization/infection by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex: a time series analysis
Authors: Huertas Vaquero María , Asencio Egea María Ángeles , Carranza González Rafael , Padilla Serrano Antonio , Conde García María Carmen , Tenias Burillo José María , Redondo González Olga ,   Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain
Published: October 2021

Introduction. To analyze the association between antibiotic pressure and the risk of colonization/infection by Acinetobacter baumannii complex (AB), evaluating both the individual and general prescriptions of antibiotics. Methods. This is an analytical, observational, case-control study on patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during an AB outbreak (14 months). A five-year time series was constructed with the monthly incidence of cases of infection/colonization with strains of AB resistant to each antibiotic administered and with the monthly consumption of these antibiotics in the ICU. Results. We identified 40 patients either infected (23) or colonized (17) by AB and 73 controls. We found an epidemic multidrug-resistant clone of AB in 75% of cases. Risk factors associated with the development of AB infection/colonization were: greater use of medical instruments, the presence of a tracheostomy, cutaneous ulcers, surgical lesions and prior antibiotic therapies. The regression analysis of individual use of antibiotics showed that prior treatment with ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin/clavulanate, imipenem, levofloxacin, linezolid, and vancomycin was a risk factor for acquiring AB. ARIMA models showed that the relationship were greatest and statistically significant when the treatment occurred between 6 months (ceftazidime) and 9 months (imipenem and levofloxacin) prior. Conclusions. The dynamic and aggregate relationship between the incidence of infection/colonization by multidrug-resistant strains of AB and prior antibiotic treatment was statistically significant for intervals of 6 to 9 months.
A MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME THYME CULTIVARS FROM THE NIKITA BOTANICAL GARDEN COLLECTION
Authors: Bulavin I. V.
Published: October 2021

In the research works of various fields, including food industry and medicine, a great attention is paid to the medicinal and aromatic plants of the families Myrtaceae Juss., Lauraceae Juss. and Lamiaceae Martinov. Thymus L. is one of the most important genera of the Lamiaceae family, with aromatic and medicinal properties, it is one of the most popular plants with an essential oil, one of the ten best ones in the world. In the Nikita Botanical Gardens (NBG) on the ex situ collection plots, besides the introduced plants, there are thyme cultivars of the NBG selection. For further plant usage, a cultivar comprehensive study is necessary. Therefore, the objective of the research was a comparative morphological, anatomical analysis, an essential oil amount determination and a genetic similarity evaluation.
T. mastichina (L.) L. cv. Svetliachok, T. striatus Vahl. cv. Jubileiniy and T. vulgaris L. cv. Fantazia (NBG selection) were used. The leaf morphology was studied under the stereomicroscope, the organ sections were obtained on a freezing microtome, stained with methylene blue and examined under a light microscope, an essential oil was extracted using Ginsberg devices, DNAs were isolated with CTAB-method, genetic similarity was evaluated with RAPD-PCR on the basis of binary matrices in the PAST program.
A comparative morphological and anatomical analysis of the cultivars revealed the common structure of vegetative and generative organs. The differences were established in the stem color, the leaf blade sizes, the type of mechanical tissue under midrib, the area of inclusions with essential oil and its total amount. The analysis of a genetic similarity showed that T. mastichina cv. Svetliachok formed a separate cluster, cultivars of T. striatus (Jubileiniy) and T. vulgaris (Fantazia) were closer.
AGE-DEPENDENT PECULIARITIES OF THE OXIDATIVE STRESS PARAMETERS AND ANTIOXIDANTS CONTENT IN THE LIVER OF SCORPION FISH SCORPAENA PORCUS L. IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF THE BOLSHOI CAUCASUS
Authors: Zalevskaya I. N. , Rudneva I. I., , Selyukov А. G. , Scherba А. V.
Published: October 2021

Comparative study of size-weight characteristics, lipid peroxidation (LPO) parameters and antioxidants content in the liver of marine scorpion fish Scorpaena porcus caught in the coastal waters of the Caucasus at the region of Shepsy village demonstrated age-related differences. The increase of the size and weight, the mass of the liver and gonads was observed in the elder fish, while the condition index varied less. Liver somatic index (LSI) increased in 2-3 years old animals, in the elder fish the growth of this parameters was slowly. Significant increase of gonadosomatic index (GSI) was noted in 4-5 years old animals, while the differences between 2 and 3 years groups were not observed. Lipid oxidation index and relative concentration of the ketodiens did not vary in age. Content of dien conjugates in hepatic lipids was significantly lower (p<0,001) in 3-4 years old fish as compared with the parameters of other studied age groups. TBA-reactive products concentration in the hepatic lipids increased with age and the highest values were observed in 5-6 years old animals. Significant correlation was shown between the content of TBA-reactive products in fish liver and the animals age (r = 0,88, p<0,05), while between the other studied parameters and fish age no significant relations were noted. Vitamin A and carotenoids concentration did not vary with age, however the tendency to increase was observed in 4 years old fish. The reasons of the growth of reactive oxygen species processes (ROS) and the increase of lipid peroxidation compounds concentration can be connected with the decrease of the defense mechanisms of the organism and the damage biomolecules, genetic defects, cell pathologies, tissues and organs and accumulation of xenobiotics in the fish, which impact the organism, accompanied with the oxidative stress. In elder animals the concentration of toxic substances is greater, and together with the decrease of the defense systems the cumulative toxic effect becomes mote considarable. The obtained results in this study provide the additional information for the understanding of the mechanisms of ROS theory of aging at the case of vertebrates of the natural populations. Further investigations could be strengthening to the study the role of endo- and exogenous conditions, modulating the age processes in aquatic organisms, which is important for the ontogenesis mechanisms and they dependence on natural and anthropogenic factors.
Methodical Approaches to the Organization of Risk Management System for the Use of Electronic Payment Systems in Modern Conditions
Authors: Sergey Voitko , Usyk Vladislava
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study is the formation of scientific and methodological aspects of the organization of the enterprise risk management system in modern conditions. Achievement of this goal is ensured by the use of tools of economic and mathematical modeling and parametric forecasting of financial indicators, taking into account risk factors. Functioning of enterprises in the minds of enhancing volatility and insignificance is unwise without an effective system and risk management. It is grounded, that the activity of the enterprises needs to be examined, as an integral system for reaching the strategic goals in the context of the elements of this system. Methods for the formulation of scientific-methodical ambushes, the organization of risk-management at the enterprises has been refined, the management system has been broken up with the use of innovative methods and tools in management, objects, subject of the system. The structural-logical block diagram of the control of the risers was grounded in the boundaries of which the groups of risks were formed: financial, operational, and functional. It has been brought to the point that the key tools for managing the representations of groups in the form of parametric economics and mathematics models. For the value of the significance of the risk factors and the efficiency of the financial inputs of the processes in the current minds, the extrapolation forecasting tools are stuck. Based on the analysis and assessment of key risk factors in Ukrainian banks, it has been brought to the attention that it is necessary to control the indicators of efficiency and sensitivity to the change of high rates and the change in the form of management of the system and the hour of development. The interrelation of the effective indicators of the efficiency of banks and the efficiency of financial inputs in the case of variations in the risk factors has been established. It is intended that, in order to ensure the efficiency of enterprises, it is necessary to establish all the risk factors and scenarios of their behavior for the future in the minds of continuous volatility.
Se kép, se hang?
Authors: Takács Miklós
Published: October 2021

Sebald’s novel Austerlitz can be considered a „trauma novel” not only for a narratological reason (that is, because it reflects upon the non-representability of trauma on the level of words), but also because it reveals the impossibility of depicting a past memory with pictures – despite of the fact that both the narrator and the title character are feel impelled to do so. The attitude of the narrator illustrates a phenomenon that the German sociologist Bernhard Giesen describes as the perpetrator’s trauma. According to this theory the individual trauma becomes a collective one in case of the perpetrators. Austerlitz, on the other hand, turns into a medium of the victimes as well. Cultural trauma can also become a part of the personal identity due to certain individuals and media, such as the photography, which is of crucial importance for remembering in the novel. One can describe the sound and picture of the trauma with the term of catachresis. This figure involves the constraint of signifying the non-representability.
Hogyan leszel óriás?
Authors: Varga Emőke
Published: October 2021

Dans les éditions illustrées du poème intitulé „Berceuse” d’Attila József, ’l’action’ formée par le passage réciproque entre la référence textuelle et objective présente des différences considérables. Car une partie des séries d’illustrations ne coopère pas forcément avec le poème, y compris les cas – qui semblent être évidents à première vue – où le devoir de l’image consiste „seulement” à représenter comment le ’moi’ du poème, en tant que narrateur et observateur, scanne le monde objectif fictionnel-réel. Dans ces cas, l’organisation iconique peut même inverser la direction perspectivique du texte, en soumettant la quantité des objets scannés à ses propres principes de l’organisation spatiale et non pas aux instructions du texte. La divergence se formera évidemment dans les questions qui touchent les niveaux plus profonds de la structure, par exemple quand le poème „prescrit” le devoir des transpositions dans l’espace mental, le devoir holistique du scanning et le devoir de transformer en spectacle le caractère standard de la conceptualisation. D’autre part, on peut cependant constater aussi que les illustrations, presqu’en dépassant même leurs propres frontières médiales, sont plus d’une fois capables de ’reformer’, fidèlement au texte, la structure du point de vue, par exemple par le jeu entre les dimensions iconographiques – en transformant l’image des lettres en signe des sons – ou bien par la création des compositions multiperspectives.
Szerkesztői előszó
Authors: Imre Mihály
Published: October 2021

This is a conference volume on the devotional literature of the period between the fifteenth and the eighteenth centuries. The conference was held in 2012 at the University of Debrecen, organised by the Research Group for Reformation and Early Modern Studies, in cooperation with several Hungarian universities and research institutes.
Petrarca De remediis utriusque fortunaejának recepciója a 16–18. századi magyarországi irodalomban
Authors: Lengyel Réka
Published: October 2021

In the 14th–18th centuries Petrarch’s most widely disseminated work was De remediis utriusque fortunae. Petrarch’s Latin works had been known in Hungary since the 15th century and in the 18th century a real cult of De remediis can be traced, proved by the correspondence of contemporary aristocrats, scholars and politicians (e. g. István Brodarics, Farkas Kovacsóczy). His sonnets and the lines of Triumfi were often read, quoted, translated (e. g. by Bálint Balassi, Miklós Zrínyi); the Griselda, Boccaccio’s novel, known mainly in Petrarch’s Latin translation, also got translated into Hungarian (by Pál Istvánfi). His letters written in verse, as well as the Sine nomine collection, the Secretum and the De vita solitaria were certainly being read in Hungary. During the 17th–18th centuries Hungarian readers could get acquainted at first-hand with the name and works of the Italian humanist through the foreign printed editions of Petrarch’s writings. Writers, scholars, ecclesiastical leaders and others read and used these texts for both private and public purposes. In the 18th century De remediis was reedited eight times and its only complete translation so far was prepared between 1760 and 1762. The reception of De remediis is thus a highly important chapter in Hungarian spiritual history.
Kettős metamorfózis
Authors: Pafkó Tamás
Published: October 2021

When István Nánási Lovász read the book by Daniel Dyke entitled The mystery of self-deceiving, he afterwards preached a series of sermons based on these texts. He keyed the heart of his audience so much that they supported him with publishing his sermons, so in 1670 his fascinating work, the Secret of the Heart came out. He adapted the writings of Dyke and the key to the interesting relationship of these works lies in the act of revision itself. As a result of his method, a read-out text is construated in speeches and then becomes a written text again. Such a text can be regarded as a translation and still it is not translation proper. It is not only a sermon, because the written form suggests a possibility to use the retrieval process of global reading. The Secret of the Heart is a wonderful example of how to reconstruate and animate a text and then to conserve it again.
„Inter idiotas et rusticanos”
Authors: Restás Attila
Published: October 2021

Der in der Akademischen Bibliothek von Klausenburg aufbewahrte Band, der antitrinitarische Predigten bzw. deren Skizzen beinhaltet, ist für die Forschung nicht unbekannt, aber eine analytische Auseinandersetzung mit diesem Band ist bis dato ausgeblieben. Die Bögen der Sammlung wurden nachträglich zusammengebunden, so man kann anhand der Anmerkungen im Band feststellen, dass die Predigten nicht nach ihrem Entstehungsdatum aufeinander folgen. Diese Anmerkungen geben nämlich an, wann, wo und aus welchem Anlass diese Predigten gehalten wurden. Dennoch wurde das Deckblatt und das Vorwort des Bandes gezeichnet, ebenso wie in gedruckten Büchern, was auf einen bewussten Verfasser hinweist. Das Zitat, das im Titel des vorliegenden Beitrags zu lesen ist, stammt aus dem Vorwort des Bandes und ist auch im Original ein Zitat: diese Worte stammen aus dem Band Praeconium Evangelicum des reformierten Bischofs Geleji Katona István. In diesem Sinne können anhand dieser Manuskriptsammlung Fragen nach Kompilation und Textübernahme zwischen Konfessionen untersucht werden. Weiterhin belegt der Band auch, wie die Priester das Bildungsniveau der vermutlich einfachen Dorfleute erhöhen wollten: in der Sammlung tauchen klassische Autoren, historische Beispiele und philosophische Hinweise auf. Einen dritten Aspekt der Kritikgeschichte stellt das Bewusstsein des unbekannten Verfassers dar, aus diesem Grund setze ich mich auch mit mikround mentalitätsgeschichtlichen Bezügen auseinander. Der Trauer darüber, dass das Fürstentum Siebenbürgen seine Selbstständigkeit verloren hat und die Beschwerden über die kaiserlichen Soldaten, die sich während des Freiheitskampfes in Szeklerland aufgehalten haben, werden im Text nämlich miteinander in Verbindung gebracht.
Homiletikai hagyományok összegzése Nádudvari Péter prédikációiban
Authors: Győri L. János
Published: October 2021

Der Aufsatz untersucht das Predigtbuch Nádudvari Péter Nyolcvannégy prédikációi (Vierundachtzig Predigten von Péter Nádudvari), das 1741 in Klausenburg (rumänisch: Cluj Napoca, ungarisch: Kolozsvár) erschienen ist. Im Mittelpunkt der Auseinandersetzung stehen die Fragen nach der Authentizität sowie nach der Komposition des Textes, weiterhin behandelt werden Aspekte der homiletischen Praxis und der theologisch-spirituelle Inhalt des Buches. Nach einer sorgfältigen Textanalyse wird festgestellt, dass der Prediger Péter Nádudvari aus Broos (rumänisch: Orăștie, ungarisch: Szászváros) als Nachfolger der homiletischen Tradition der orthodoxen Theologen aus dem 17. Jahrhundert zu betrachten ist, da sein Text allegorische Figurationen aufweist. Die theologischen Ansichten von Péter Nádudvari wurden aber auch durch die coccejanische Typologie und die pietistische Frömmigkeit beeinflusst. Im Grunde genommen stellt dieses Predigtbuch in der ungarischen reformierten homiletischen Tradition das letzte Unternehmen dar, das eine vollständige Synthese der Dogmatik und der Ethik mit Hilfe einer umfangreichen Predigtsammlung anstrebte.
„Állat-béli által-változás”
Authors: Hegedüs Béla
Published: October 2021

In meiner Abhandlung beschäftige ich mich mit dem philosophischen Hintergrund der sog. Hostie-Debatte im 18. Jahrhundert. Ungarn hat in der frühen Neuzeit kulturelle Entwicklungen erlebt, die sich aus historischen Gründen von den Entwicklungen der anderen europäischen Länder unterschieden haben. Da bestimmte Institutionen wie Universitäten und wissenschaftliche Gesellschaften damals nicht vorhanden waren, haben sich in Ungarn einige Disziplinen verhältnismäßig spät etabliert. Das bedeutet jedoch nicht, dass die Epistemologie, die damals in ganz Europa am einflussreichsten war und als Impuls für den wissenschaftlichen Paradigmenwechsel des Zeitalters zu deuten ist, in Ungarn ansatzweise nicht präsent gewesen wäre. Die ungarischen Intellektuellen der Zeit (Priester, Pfarrer, Lehrer usw.), die oft an europäischen Universitäten studierten, waren selbstverständlich auch philosophisch gebildet. Ungeachtet ihrer rational-protestantischen oder empirisch-katholischen Einstellung haben sie meistens nach der Rückkehr nach Ungarn ihre während des Studiums erworbenen Kenntnisse in den ungarischsprachigen, vorwiegend theologisch ausgerichteten Debatten eingebracht. Die vorliegende Abhandlung versucht demzufolge die Hostie-Debatte zwischen Katholiken und Protestanten vor diesem epistemologischen Hintergrund zu interpretieren.
„Emez igen tótos”
Authors: Hajtman Kornél
Published: October 2021

In der Slowakischen Nationalbibliothek liegt ein Manuskript vor, das mit der Signatur AO 155 2 versehen ist und die slowakische Übersetzung der Predigten von Péter Pázmány beinhaltet. Der Verfasser des Manuskripts ist unbekannt, trotzdem ist es anzunehmen, dass dieses Schriftstück um die Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts entstanden ist. Die Texte und die Ansprachen in diesem Manuskript sind wegen ihrer Gestaltung interessant, da sie an der Grenze zwischen Übersetzung und Kompilation zu verorten sind: der Verfasser hat die Texte nicht nur übersetzt, sondern auch ihre Struktur verändert (z.B.: die Reihenfolge der Absätze).

Der Beitrag setzt sich mit dem Prozess der Textgestaltung auseinander: behandelt werden Perikopen und Verweise. Weiterhin wird unter Rückgriff auf philologischen Methoden aufgezeigt, inwiefern der slowakische Verfasser vom Ausgangstext abweicht. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist daher, nicht nur einen Beitrag zur Erforschung der ungarisch-slowakischen literarischen Beziehungen zu leisten, sondern gleichzeitig auch die literarische Bedeutung von Péter Pázmány zu betonen, seine Wirkung mit einer neuen Quelle zu belegen.
Pázmány prédikációk felhasználása Lochner János 18. század végi kéziratgyűjteményében
Authors: Hargittay Emil
Published: October 2021

Die Manuskriptsammlung von János Lochner befindet sich in der Sammlung der Schatzkammer und Bibliothek des Bistums von Győr, Ungarn. Lochner war Pfarrer Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts in der Gemeinde Dunaszentpál (Komitat Győr-Moson-Sopron). Zahlreiche Manuskripte von ihm beweisen, dass Lochner in seinen eigenen Kanzelreden die gedruckte Predigtsammlung des Erzbischofs Péter Pázmány (1570–1637) wortwörtlich verwendet hatte. Die vorliegende Analyse der Manuskripte stellt dar, mit welcher Technik Lochner die früheren Pázmány-Reden kompilierte.
Elmélkedés, hitvita, káté Károlyi Péter Az halalrol, fel tamadasrol es az örök eletröl című munkájában
Authors: Móré Tünde
Published: October 2021

Since Imre Bán’s paper on 16th century rhetoric and poetic handbooks from 1971 only a few scholars have made further inquiries into the oeuvre of Péter Károlyi. Following a short introduction to the scholarly works of the the author, the article focuses on meditations in 16th century Hungary. The first half the paper describes Károlyi’s preface written for Erzsébet Bocskai, and covers such themes as the concept of death, remembering and forgetting, while outlining the changing role of the author as a preacher in the text. The second half of the essay is devoted to examining the possible polemic contexts of this work, concentrating on the conflicts between the Reformed Church and Unitarianism in the 1570s.

The paper points out various characteristics of Károlyi’s text which are combined together with great success in describing the art of good death.
„Ex mellifluis verbis”
Authors: Knapp Éva
Published: October 2021

Martin von Cochem (born as Martin Linius) was a dominant figure of 17th and18th century Central-European prayer literature and devotional prose. To my knowledge, research on his literary activity in Hungary has so far been limited to one work only: Makula nélkül való tükör [A Mirror free from Mortal Taint] (first Hungarian edition: Nagyszombat/Trnava, 1712). The oeuvre of this Capuchin monk, who became a best-seller author of his time, consists of thirty-four basic works and their serial editions had stayed continuously in print with different titles until the 1950s. His life-work has largely influenced the genres and the theoretical framework of early modern Hungarian devotional literature. The Hungarian edition of Martin von Cochem’s prayer book entitled Mennyei követek avagy Sz. Gertrudis és Mechtildis égböl vött imádsági [Heavenly Messengers or Celestial Prayers of Saints Gertrude and Mechtilde] (1681), followed the Latin and the German editions ten years later (Preces Gertrudianae). My paper points out the changes both in the structure and content of the Hungarian translation. This work is known with six Latin and German title variations. Previous research has already identified more than fifty editions. I add nearly forty new editions to this corpus, existing under three different Hungarian titles (Mennyei követek [Heavenly Messengers], Len kötelecske [Flax Rope], Az két atyafi szent szüzek Gertrudis és Mechtildis imádságos könyve [Prayer Book of the Two Saint Virgins, Gertrude and Mechtilde]), and I also touch upon the approximately two hundred year-long reception history of this work in Hungary.
Az angol nyelvű walesi irodalom fogalmáról és történetéről
Authors: Reichmann Angelika
Published: October 2021

The present article was written as a chapter of a literary historical project which aims to present an overview of English Literature to Hungarian readers. Hence its introductory nature: apart from the works of Dylan Thomas, Welsh writing in English has been hardly translated into Hungarian and is little known. After clarifying the somewhat convoluted term, the article provides a survey of the literary historical periods in Welsh writing in English since its emergence in front of the backdrop of industrialisation and aggressively imperial English language politics at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Then it proceeds to highlight five characteristics of that literature from a postcolonial perspective. Through selective micro-analyses of largely contemporary prose works, the article focuses on such aspects of Welsh writing in English as its concern with language itself (code-switching) and with rewriting Welsh history. In relation to the latter, it discusses the early presence of experimental tendencies and women writers, and the literature’s emphatic and recently “institutionalised” reassessment of the Welsh mythical heritage.
„Nem vicc”
Authors: Szathmári Judit
Published: October 2021

Opponents to tribal sovereignty define the notion as a case study of “Indians” wanting to have the cake and eat it too, while for those in favor of self-determination the question is not whether to have the cake and/or eat it, but the sole right of baking the cake. The metaphorical sovereignty cake is comprised of executive, legislative, and judicial layers which further include economic, cultural, and political measures taken by Indian peoples towards the realization of self-determination. The essay aims at exploring how the social, cognitive-perceptual, and emotional modes of humor within and outside Indian Country have been utilized to overcome the discrepancies rooted in the conflicting definitions of sovereignty. The analysis also addresses the issue of perspectives: humor arising from the paradoxical understandings of Indigenous and mainstream views of checks and balances, federal responsibilities, and treaty rights. The events cited demonstrate how American Indian communities employ humor to serve as an in/outgrouping mechanism and a way of social control to maintain community integrity.
A nonszensz poétikája és politikája
Authors: Kérchy Anna
Published: October 2021

The essay starts out from a close-reading analysis of Lewis Carroll‘s Victorian fairytale fantasies about Alice,s adventures in Wonderland with the aim to explore the complex poetical and political potentials of nonsense as a literary genre and a mode of artistic expression questioning the reliability of representational strategies across a variety of media. Nonsense is decoded as a meaningful yet gradually defamiliarized act of symbolization that makes the implied reader lose confidence in conventional interpretive apparati and urges inventive linguistic creativity and ludic co-authorship. As Lecercle points out, nonsense elicits a self-reflective awareness concerning the ambiguity of common sense and the (mal)functioning of our sense-making methods through revealing the inherent poetic-metaphorical, associative-imaginative surplus, as well as the authoritative ideological charge and socio-historical residue of “ordinary” representation. In a Kristevian sense, the transverbal corporeal facet of the nonsense animates the physicality of the represented-representing bodies and revivifies the materiality of signifying activity‘s lived experience, as incarnated rhythms and sounds stress the sensorial stimulation of the human voice. To understand how “we imagine the unimaginable” I interface ordinary nonsense, logical nonsense (Dunn, McDonald) and ethical nonsense as complementary categories.