bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To erase or not to erase, that is not the question: Drawing from observation in an analogue or digital environment
Authors: Christie John , Reichertz Mathew , Maycock Bryan , Klein Raymond M.
Published: November 2020

Erasing when drawing occurs for a variety of reasons. While the most obvious may be correction of mistakes, at other times erasers are used to create such things as highlights or marks that introduce particular aesthetic elements. When a drawing is made on paper, partial erasure ‘marks’ can provide a useful record of a drawing’s evolution. For the teacher, this historical record can be a catalyst for helpful commentary and criticism. While programmed to simulate an analogue eraser, in a digital environment the erase function can eradicate a drawing’s history with a single click. We studied analogue and digital tool use behaviours (including erasing) to compare the frequency of erasure and the effect of erasing on observational accuracy in adults between the age of 17 and 64 with various levels of drawing experience from less than two years to more than ten years. The study involved participants making one drawing on paper with traditional drawing tools and one drawing on a digital drawing tablet. We then had the drawings rated for accuracy. Among other interesting results, we found that erasing occurs with greater frequency when participants work in a digital environment than in an analogue one and that, while there were significant tool use differences between the environments, those differences did not result in differences in the accuracy of final drawings indicating the adaptability of our participants using different means to achieve the same effect.
Purple hats and threatened Whiteness in Flannery O’Connor’s ‘Everything That Rises Must Converge’
Authors: Ha Quan Manh , Gideon Sierra
Published: November 2020

Among Flannery O’Connor’s stories, ‘Everything That Rises Must Converge’ is one of the most frequently anthologized. Although the story explicitly addresses the southern reaction to integration measures taken in the midst of the Civil Rights Movement, critics of the story tend to gloss over the binary relationship between Whiteness and Blackness, the extent of White privilege, and the limits of Black tolerance. Although the story was published over half a century ago, it has contemporary relevance in America, where politics still intertwine with White supremacy. The alt-right, characterized by their neo-conservative and racist ideologies, continues to flourish under the banner of ‘protecting national values’ and mirror the assumptions of White superiority that Julian’s mother embodies in ‘Everything That Rises Must Converge’. O’Connor treats White privilege and pre-Civil Rights racial habits as they exist in a seemingly ordinary interaction between Julian’s mother and Carver’s mother. As Whiteness exists only in relation to the binary contrast of Blackness, Julian’s mother defines her imagined status of White privilege against an imagined category of Black submission as she attempts to preserve her social status. The sameness she shares with Carver’s mother on the bus – a sense of self-worth, a commonality in dress, and a quiet alienation in her motherhood of a son – threatens her culturally instilled view of fixed paradigms of behaviour based upon outdated racial constructs of Whiteness and Blackness.
‘What are words?’: Symbolism and romance in Agatha Christie’s short stories ‘Within a Wall’, ‘The House of Dreams’ and ‘The Lonely God’
Authors: Beyer Charlotte
Published: November 2020

This article explores three of Agatha Christie’s early non-crime short stories written in the mid-1920s. I examine Christie’s use of symbolism and key motifs to explore the representation of relationships through the prism of romance. I argue that Christie’s short stories serve as a highly significant creative site for her investigation of the relationship between genre, subjectivity and symbolism.
Literary form, hierarchies and the meeting of two plots in Patrick Gale’s ‘A Slight Chill’
Authors: Ue Tom
Published: November 2020

This article incorporates Gerald Prince’s and Caroline Levine’s work on form to reveal some of the innovations in Patrick Gale’s ‘A Slight Chill’ ([1996] 2018). This short story juxtaposes two antagonistic plots: the vampire Lotta Wexel’s gastronomic activities and her teacher Angel Voysey’s romance. By attending to, and drawing connections between, smaller forms (e.g. allusions and metaphors) and larger ones (plots and genre), I argue that we may better understand Gale’s project. Lotta’s plot effectively exposes and frustrates Angel’s. In foregrounding such interactions, he encourages the reader to reassess both the affordances and the inadequacies of the models and expectations that Angel inherits. This article goes on to analyse Gale’s screenplay for his upcoming film adaptation to show how he gives a new application to his earlier project. If the short story is particularly invested in the decisions before Angel, then the screenplay explores, even more so than its source material, how and why we categorize characters into hierarchical forms. This article contributes to knowledge, then, by examining Gale’s writing programme, which has received inadequate scholarly attention; by illuminating some of its complexities; and by demonstrating the value of thinking about the short story in terms of form.
Telling true ghost stories
Authors: Lister Ashley
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research is to consider the language used for telling true ghost stories. True ghost stories, that is, those anecdotes initially shared by friends and family describing personal experiences and encounters with paranormal activity, is an unusual genre for storytellers in that it lives within a space that can be seen as both fiction and non-fiction, with specific vocabulary that joins the two genres. The non-fiction part of such a story, as with all non-fiction narratives, relies on the verbatim reporting of an eyewitness account. The fictional part depends on a writer utilizing specific semantic tropes of the ghost story, such as mysterious shadows, unexplained noises and fluctuations in temperature. Bridging these two areas is the language found in the narrative, where a responsible writer employs careful phrasing to relate the story whilst avoiding a vocabulary that endorses unprovable phenomena. For example, I cannot, in good conscience, write: … and then the ghost attacked her. To be honest to my own scepticism, and to the limited evidence usually presented with such stories, I have to write: …and then she claims the ghost attacked her or …and then it appeared the ghost attacked her. Through a critical analysis of existing narratives and an examination of hedging strategies used, this research intends to demonstrate how some writers in this genre maintain their own truthfulness to present a compelling narrative.
‘So that’s the tale’: A sequence of vignettes on caring and chronic illness
Authors: Lambert Zoe
Published: November 2020

‘Disability isn’t about being brave, it’s about being organised’ (Ian Dury, cited in Reach disability awareness leaflet, Chorley, 2013). This sequence of vignettes explores a family’s experiences of living with multiple sclerosis. The stories are fictionalized, but drawn from my own family, and are part of a wider project exploring varying roles in caring and disability and the relational identities between carers, those cared for and others around them. In my writing, I use the short story to explore the smaller moments in characters’ lives, eschewing longer narratives in order to avoid common disability tropes, such as heroism, bravery and stories, that foreground characters overcoming their disability. Instead, my vignettes aim to reveal both the challenges and difficulties when living with chronic illness, but also moments of hope and humour.
‘Shopping List’
Authors: Lilwall Amy , Loydell Rupert
Published: November 2020

Are the unnamed characters who write and respond to these post-it notes flatmates or lovers, friends or acquaintances? Is their relationship as fractious as this prose suggests, or does each note hold something deeper, a series of signs and indicators that gradually reveal affection between the two characters? The medium, somewhat outdated in our digital world, suggests fleeting exchanges, ships that pass in the night, all the while signalling shared space, shared responsibilities and shared lives. The implied story is as complex as the reader wants to make it, as the authors themselves use this brief epistolary form as a prompt for contemplating the mundanity of relationships, the emotional manoeuvring, assumed subtexts and back-stories of each and every moment or event. The authors are a novelist and a poet, writers each involved in their own relationships, colleagues interested in collaboration and new forms. Who is the third voice (or third and fourth voices) this dialogue has created? The story has led Lilwall and Loydell to writing the unexpected, responding to each other’s prose and shopping items in turn, surprising each other and themselves, before refining and editing the work together.
Borders and Border Crossings in the Contemporary British Short Story, Barbara Korte and Laura Mª Lojo-Rodríguez (eds) (2019)
Authors: March-Russell Paul
Published: November 2020

Review of: Borders and Border Crossings in the Contemporary British Short Story, Barbara Korte and Laura Mª Lojo-Rodríguez (eds) (2019)

Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 289 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-030-30358-7, h/bk, £89.99
A Companion to African Cinema, Kenneth Harrow and Carmela Garritano (eds) (2019)
Authors: Mututa Addamms Songe
Published: November 2020

Review of: A Companion to African Cinema, Kenneth Harrow and Carmela Garritano (eds) (2019)

Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 515 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-11910-005-8, ePDF $172.99,

ISBN: 978-1-119-10031-7, h/bk $215
A hospitalidade no universo do transporte aéreo doméstico brasileiro
Authors: Kaperaviczus Alexandre Faro , Cavenaghi Airton José , Oliveira Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves de
Published: November 2020

Conhecer a forma como os passageiros vivenciam a hospitalidade a bordo das aeronaves que voam no mercado aéreo doméstico brasileiro permite identificar os fatores que são valorizados pelos passageiros e que podem se tornar um diferencial competitivo no disputado mercado da aviação. Dentro do universo da hospitalidade na aviação, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a forma como os passageiros percebem a hospitalidade a bordo das aeronaves do transporte aéreo doméstico brasileiro. O estudo é de natureza mista, compreendendo fase qualitativa, com revisão bibliográfica; e fase quantitativa, com o desenvolvimento de instrumento de coleta de dados e a análise de 1.163 questionários, tendo se utilizado como ferramentas de análise os softwares SPSS e SmartPLS. Os resultados alcançados permitem concluir que, na visão dos passageiros, a hospitalidade é percebida a bordo das aeronaves, abrangendo um conjunto de 19 itens que podem ser explicados usando-se 5 fatores que foram denominados “atrativos”, “atendimento”, “bem-estar”, “lowcost” e “higiene” que, submetidos à análise decorrente das hipóteses geradas, permitiu concluir que no Brasil não existem empresas genuinamente “low-cost”, tendo em vista que a redução no conforto a bordo das aeronaves não traz a consequente redução de preços esperada.
O turismo no Centro Histórico de Florianópolis (SC): Um estudo realizado no Facebook sob a ótica dos 4 a’s do benchmarking
Authors: Rossini Diva de Mello , Oliveira Josildete Pereira de , Krause Rodolfo Wendhausen , Capella Gabriela Santos
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as vitrines de marketing de empresas de turismo que divulgam o centro histórico de Florianópolis (SC) como um atrativo turístico, no Facebook, utilizando como metodologia os 4 A’S (acessibilidade, atração, animação e ação) da matriz do Modelo Inglês de Benchmarking e como ferramenta para análise de dados o software Iramuteq. A hipótese formulada foi confirmada. As vitrines apresentam dados da matriz dos 4 A’s do Modelo Inglês de Benchmarking e as informações são divulgadas sob a forma de Roteiros Turísticos, os quais associam os atrativos turísticos culturais do Centro Histórico a outros atrativos turísticos culturais e naturais, como paisagens e praias. Importante salientar a relevância dada à divulgação do meio de transporte terrestre e dos períodos que ele é disponibilizado. Os resultados obtidos poderão contribuir com a elaboração/qualificação das vitrines de marketing de empresas de turismo que divulgam os centros históricos das cidades, com a criação de movimentos que resultem na criação de políticas públicas em prol da preservação/conservação do patrimônio cultural e com o desenvolvimento do turismo cultural, promovendo oportunidades para o crescimento da renda para as entidades públicas, privadas e para os residentes.
Turismo solidário na promoção do turismo no México: uma alternativa à coesão social
Authors: Chávez Angélica Radahi Vilchis , Nechar Marcelino Castillo , Jiménez Graciela Cruz , Los Monteros Gerardo Novo Espinosa de
Published: November 2020

Este artigo é derivado de uma investigação orientada para a análise da promoção turística proposta pelo Governo Federal no México. O objetivo é mostrar o caráter econômico predominante na promoção do turismo e destacar o surgimento do turismo solidário como alternativa para projetar essa atividade no país, com incidência específica no desenvolvimento sustentável local, o que permite contemplar aspectos socioculturais e ambientais na promoção do turismo. Por meio de uma revisão da literatura científica, uma abordagem economista da promoção do turismo se manifesta em sua institucionalização, em oposição a uma proposta sustentável que responde a uma realidade mais ampla e necessária na promoção do turismo. Uma das principais conclusões é a crescente preocupação da sociedade, associações civis, empresas públicas e privadas e instituições de ensino, em reconhecer o turismo como uma ferramenta de inclusão social. Os resultados mostram que a atual promoção do turismo na internet carece da visão solidária de disseminar, entre os atores do turismo, o desafio que o desenvolvimento local apresenta e os valores necessários para sua potencialização.
Pranayama and Breathing Exercises - Types and Its Role in Disease Prevention & Rehabilitation
Authors: Dhaniwala Naresh Kumar Satyanarayan , Dasari Venkatesh , Dhaniwala Mukunda Naresh
Published: November 2020

Yoga is a multi-faceted spiritual tool enhancing health and well-being. Physical postures (Asan), regulated breathing (Pranayama), and meditations (Dhyana) are its main components. Breathing exercises of various types, particularly diaphragmatic breathing, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), and kapalbhati have been noted to be useful in chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), post-operative management in head & neck surgery, cardiovascular surgery, and upper abdominal surgery. Its calming effect reduces blood pressure and agitation in various psychiatric disorders also. Common types of breathing exercises which are easy to learn and practice for day to day fitness and prevention of disease are: equal breathing (bhastrika), clavicular breathing, costal breathing, and diaphragmatic breathing. kapalbhati, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), bhramari pranayama, and tribandh breathing. These require proper learning under guidance. Ujjayi pranayama, sitali, and surya bhedan pranayama also require proper training and have a calming effect on the body. Various types of breathing produce their beneficial effects on the body when they are done regularly for the minimum recommended period. These exercises can be practiced in any comfortable posture on the floor or sitting on a chair. Regulation of rate and rhythm during its practice helps towards achieving meditation. Pranayama and Yoga have proven their utility in various diseases as noted in studies done in various medical centers. The western world also recognizes its importance and recommends it to their people. In India, health is given a low priority and outdoor physical activities are becoming less popular. In these conditions of living, Yoga and Pranayama (breathing exercises) are recommended for persons of all ages because these are easy to learn, simple to practice, and do not require any separate space or instruments. Regularity and execution in a proper way for the optimum time alone are needed for general well-being, better lung functions, and as a preventive measure for various respiratory and psychiatric disorders. In the present pandemic of COVID19, warranting house quarantine for a large number of people, this is going to prove a boon for physical and mental alleviation. KEY WORDS Pranayama, Breathing Exercises, Disease, Prevention
Cryptography & Agriculture
Authors: Ahmed Rizwan
Published: November 2020

Cryptography technology provides all users with efficient data protection, transparent and secure data exchange. All information written in blockchain cannot be changed, and it's storage is decentralized. All these properties make crypto technology the best tool for encrypted information transfer.
FEATURES OF EMPLOYEES’ VALUES AND SOCIAL AND ROLE IDENTITY IN PERSONNEL TRAINING
Authors: Pismenyuk Ekaterina Sergeevna , Gryazeva-Dobshinskaya Vera Gennadievna
Published: November 2020

Background. Market uncertainty expands the capabilities of organizations and creates the need for the development of a training system that meets modern requirements. One of the requirements for personnel training is the need to develop readiness for choice in situations of uncertainty. According to researchers, the readiness for a situation of uncertainty is mediated by the social identity and values shared by the organization members. Features of social identity and values that form effective personnel strategies in a situation of uncertainty have been insufficiently studied. Aim. This study aims to determine the features of the social and role identity and values of employees in personnel training. Materials and methods. The sample of the study consisted of sales managers (80 people) aged from 23 to 45 years. Features of the social and role identity and values of managers were studied before and after the Motivation Skills program chosen for the experiment. Social and role identity was investigated using the ROSSTL method by V.G. Griazeva-Dobshinskaya; managers' values were studied using the eflective choice method by V.A. Petrovsky. The data obtained were subjected to factor analysis. Results. A change in the social and role identity and values of personnel in a learning situation has been revealed. After the experiment, managers identified as leaders began to choose work as subordinates and the values of “development” and “career” as a working requirement. Managers with vague identifications began to choose the activities relevant for the organization and such values as “career” and “money” as a working requirement. Managers without identification began to choose creative work and such values as “money” as a working requirement. Conclusion. It has been established that personnel training contributes to a change in the choice of professional roles and reflection regarding the values chosen by personnel.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL MINUTE DATA AND THE Р300 AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIAL IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTERNET ADDICTION BEHAVIOR
Authors: Krivonogova Olga Vyacheslavovna , Krivonogova Elena Vyacheslavovna , Poskotinova Liliya Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

Background. The nature of changes in cerebral biopotentials as a neurobiological foundation of individual time in persons with different levels of internet addiction behavior remains insufficiently studied. However, these biopotentials reflect decision making speed and the quality of significant stimulus detection by brain structures. The paper aims to establish the correlation between the P300 cognitive evoked potential and individual minute (IM) test in young people with different levels of Internet addiction (IA) risk. Materials and methods. Healthy young people aged 16-17 years (n = 51) participated in the study. The survey was conducted according to the Chen scale (CIAS – Chen Internet Addiction Scale) modified by V. Malygin. This modification implies the calculation of the CIAS total score and the subjective assessment of time intervals by the IM test. The amplitude and latency of the P 300 auditory evoked potential were determined using the Neuron-Spectrum - 4 /VMP electroencephalograph (Neurosoft, Russia) in the frontal (F3, F4), temporal (F7, F8, T3, T4), central (C3, C4) and parietal (P3, P4) leads of the electroencephalogram. Results. No significant correlations were found between the IM time, P 300 data and the severity of IA signs in young people with a minimal risk of IA (less than 43 scores by CIAS). There was a decrease in the IM time and an increase in P300 amplitude (mainly in the frontal and anterior temporal areas) in persons with a risk of IA (43–65 scores by CIAS). In persons with a stable IA pattern (more than 65 scores by CIAS), the minimum P 300 amplitude in the F7, F8 brain areas was found against a relative increase in the IM time and the number of errors in decision making. Conclusion. An increased risk of Internet addiction behavior in young people is accompanied by phase changes in the ratios of P 300 amplitude (mainly in the anterior temporal areas), the quality of information processing and individual time perception.
DRIVERS PERCEPTION OF TIME AS A FACTOR OF ROAD SAFETY
Authors: Kuznetsov Yurii Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2020

Background. One of the ways to reduce road traffic accident rate is to improve the driver's reliability by training his/her psychophysiological fitness. The most important parameter of human psychophysiology that affects the accuracy of road situation analysis is the perception of time. Aim. The paper aims to determine the features of time perception by drivers depending on their gender, age, general psychophysiological fitness and driving experience. Materials and methods. The results of a survey of 1000 driving school students and 500 professional drivers were used during the study. Participants were divided into four equal age groups of both sexes. The representativeness of a random sample was achieved in accordance with the method of prof. D. Mannheim separately for males and females, as well as for adolescents, young and mature people. The primary indicators were determined using the UPDK-MK Avtomobilny (Neurokom) hardware and software complex for testing the psychophysiological qualities of the driver. The data obtained were presented in the form of distribution of the surveyed according to the level of time perception depending on gender, age, driving experience and the level of psychophysiological fitness. Results. A low level of accuracy of time perception was found in the majority of participants regardless of their age, gender and driving experience. The share of persons with a satisfactory and unsatisfactory level of accuracy averaged 61% among driving school students and 56% among professional drivers, practically regardless of age. Psychophysiological fitness was of significant importance: in persons with a high level of it, the “very good” mark for the accuracy of time perception was 2.5 times higher. Conclusion. To improve the perception of time by a person and to increase road safety, it is necessary to intentionally train general psychophysiological fitness of a person and his/her perception of time.
Analysis of body composition and physical fitness traits in children using bicycle
Authors: Büyükergün Aliye , Civan Adem , Kutlu Mehmet
Published: November 2020

Analysis of body composition and physical fitness traits in children using bicycle. A total of 113 boys aged 12-14 years participated in the study voluntarily with 38 male bicycle athletes, 29 basketball athletes, and 46 non-athletes. Participants who were close answers to each other according to the answers given after asking the participants the number of training times, daily training time and sports experiences were included in the study. According to the normality test results of the groups, one-way ANOVA, one of the parametric tests, and correlation analyses were used to determine the relationships between the parameters. In the study, a statistically significant difference was found in the parameters of flexibility, vertical jump, 30 m speed, agility, coordination, body fat ratio according to the groups (p <0.05). Considering the differences between cycling athletes, basketball athletes and non-athletes in the age group of 12-14, there were significant differences in parameters such as flexibility, body fat ratio and agility in favor of cycling athletes. In addition, according to this study, basketball sport provides positive benefits in terms of speed coordination development and anaerobic power. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet Bu araştırmanın amacı; bisiklet kullanan çocuklarda vücut kompozisyonu ve fiziksel uygunluk özelliklerinin analizidir. Araştırmaya 38 erkek bisiklet sporcusu, 29 basketbol sporcusu ve 46 spor yapmayan 12-14 yaş arası toplamda 113 erkek çocuk gönüllü olarak katıldı. Katılımcıların haftalık antrenman sayısı, günlük antrenman süresi ve spor geçmişleri tespit edilerek, verilen cevaplara göre birbirine yakın olan katılımcılar çalışmaya dahil edildi.  Yapılan ölçümler arasında; vücut komposiyonu ve fiziksel uygunluk ile ilişkili testler yer almaktaydı. Grupların normallik testi sonuçlarına göre parametrik testlerden One Way ANOVA ve parametreler arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi için korelasyon analizleri kullanıldı. Çalışmada gruplara göre esneklik, dikey sıçrama, 30 m sürat, çeviklik, koordinasyon ve vücut yağ oranı parametrelerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). 12-14 yaşlarındaki bisiklet sporcuları, basketbol sporcuları ve spor yapmayan grup arasında oluşan bu farklar göz önüne alındığında bisiklet sporcuları lehinde esneklik, vücut yağ oranı ve çeviklik gibi parametrelerde anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu çalışmaya göre basketbol sporunun 12-14 yaş grubu çocuklarıda sürat, koordinasyon ve anaerobik güç değişkenlerini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.
TINGGI BADAN IBU SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 24-59 BULAN DI KECAMATAN PLERET DAN KECAMATAN PAJANGAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Andari Wiwid , Siswati Tri , Paramashanti Bunga Astria
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang:Prevalensi stunting pada balita di Indonesia masih tinggi (30,8%). Salah satu faktor risiko stunting yaitu siklus malnutrisi kronis antar generasi yang terjadi antara ibu dan anak.Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis apakah tinggi badan ibu merupakan factor risiko stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Kecamatan Pleret dan Kecamatan Pajangan, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kasus kontrol dengan total kasus sejumlah 43 anak dan total kontrol sebanyak 43 anak. Seluruh sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel multistage cluster sampling. Variabel dependen yang diteliti adalah stunting, sedangkan variabel independent adalah tinggi badan ibu. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan deskriptif statistik, uji chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda.Hasil: Tinggi badan ibu secara signifikan merupakan prediktor stunting (adjusted OR= 2,720; 95%CI: 1,050-7,049). Faktor lain seperti tinggi badan ayah, tingkat pendidikan ayah dan ibu, jenis pekerjaan ayah dan ibu, serta jenis kelamin anak bukan merupakan faktor risiko stunting.Simpulan: Tinggi badan ibu merupakan faktor risiko stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan. Intervensi yang difokuskan pada periode 1000 hari pertama kehidupan dibutuhkan untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting akibat dari siklus malnutrisi antar generasi.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LEMAK PADA ABON YANG DIBUAT DARI JANTUNG PISANG (Musa paradisiaca) DAN IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla marmorata)
Authors: Astija Astija , Djaswintari Djaswintari
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang: Jantung pisang biasa diolah dalam bentuk abon, namun nilai gizinya masih rendah khususnya lemak. Oleh karena itu maka abon tersebut perlu ditambhakan ikan sidat yang diketahui memiliki cukup kadar lemak.Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan kadar lemak pada abon dari campuran jantung pisang (Musa paradisiaca) dengan ikan sidat (Anguilla marmorata).Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan yaitu abon dengan; komposisi 100 gram jantung pisang (P0), komposisi 75 gram jantung pisang dan 25 gram ikan sidat (P1), komposisi 50 gram jantung pisang dan 50 gram ikan sidat (P2), komposisi 25 gram jantung pisang dan 75 gram ikan sidat (P3) dan komposisi 100 gram ikan sidat (P4). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Kemudian, abon dianalisis mengenai kandungan lemaknya dengan menggunakan metode soxhlet.Hasil: Nilai rata-rata kandungan lemak yang diperoleh pada abon campuran jantung pisang dan ikan sidat adalah P0 (=15,59%) P1 (=17,57%), P2 (=23,12%), P3 (=26,42%) dan P4 (27,23%).Simpulan: Ikan sidat menambah nilai kadar lemak pada abon namun kadar lemaknya masih dibawah standar yang ditentukan oleh Standar Industri Indonesia sehingga abon ini layak dikonsumsi.
HUBUNGAN HbA1c DENGAN CRP PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE-2 DENGAN OBESITAS DAN TANPA OBESITAS
Authors: Permatasari Narulita Dyah , Rachmawati Banundari , Riansari Anugrah , Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang: Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa plasma. Kadar glukosa plasma yang tinggi dalam jangka waktu lama (hiperglikemia kronik), menstimulasi peningkatan kadar C-reactive protein (CRP). Penderita DMT2 dengan obesitas kemungkinan memiliki kadar CRP yang lebih tinggi karena penumpukan sel adiposa juga dapat memicu reaksi inflamasi di dalam tubuh. Mengetahui hubungan antara obesitas, DMT2, dan kadar CRP sangat diperlukan untuk tujuan klinis serta mencegah terjadinya komplikasi penyakit.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dan CRP pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan obesitas dan tanpa obesitasMetode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan belah lintang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro dan beberapa klinik pratama di Semarang pada Mei-Juli 2020. Subjek penelitian adalah 30 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan obesitas dan 30 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 tanpa obesitas usia 35-60 tahun Pengukuran kadar HbA1c dan CRP dilakukan menggunakan alat ichroma metode fluorescence immunoassay (FIA). Analisis statistik untuk menguji normalitas data menggunakan Shapiro wilk test, Independent t test dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata karakteristik antara kelompok obesitas dan non-obesitas, dan Spearman Rank digunakan untuk melihat korelasi antara HbA1c dengan kadar CRP.Hasil:  Tidak ada korelasi antara kadar HbA1c dengan CRP pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan obesitas p = 0.420, r = 0,153 dan tanpa obesitas yaitu p= 0,182, r = 0,250.Simpulan: Kadar CRP yang terjadi pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dimana inflamasi berjalan kronis tidak dipengaruhi oleh tingginya HbA1c baik pada kondisi obesitas maupun tidak obesitas.
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI IKAN TERHADAP RISIKO SINDROM METABOLIK PADA WANITA OBESITAS ABDOMINAL
Authors: Noer Etika Ratna , Syauqy Ahmad , Rahardiyanti Ayu , Fitranti Deny Yudi , Ayustaningwarno Fitriyono , Fajrani AlifiaA MuktiM
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang: Obesitas abdominal dikaitkan dengan sindrom metabolic yang dikombinasikan dengan dislipidemia, intoleransi glukosa, dan hipertensi. Obesitas abdominal muncul untuk mendahului munculnya komponen sindrom metabolik lainnya, dipicu oleh kenaikan berat badan, terutama peningkatan penumpukan lemak perut. Ikan merupakan sumber protein hewani yang bergizi. Konsumsi ikan diketahui dapat menjadi pangan fungsional dengan cara melindungi terhadap beberapa jenis penyakit.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara asupan ikan dalam seminggu dengan sindrom metabolik dan komponennya pada wanita obesitas abdominal, diharapkan bahwa konsumsi ikan yang lebih tinggi dikaitkan dengan risiko sindrom metabolic yang lebih rendah dan profil metabolisme yang lebih baikMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observatif dengan desain cross–sectional dan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling sebanyak 88 wanita yang mengalami obesitas abdominal. Pengumpulan data dilakukan setelah melakukan puasa selama 12 jam sebelum pemeriksaan dan asupan ikan diperolah dari FFQ. Uji hubungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan korelasi Pearson.Hasil: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara konsumsi ikan dalam seminggu dengan komponen sindrom metabolic seperti GDP (p < 0,001, r=-0,376), kolesterol total (p < 0,05, r=-0,270), HDL (p < 0,001, r=0,349), LDL (p < 0,001, r= -0.421) dan LBTB (p < 0,001, r=-0,856) dengan korelasi positif dan sangat kuat. Terdapat 53,4% subjek mengonsumsi ikan 1-3 kali/minggu.Simpulan: Konsumsi ikan memiliki korelasi positif dengan komponen sindrom metabolic. Penggantian sumber lemak jenuh menjadi lemak n-3 dapat menjadi efek terapeutik untuk perbaikan sindrom metabolik, namun diikuti dengan jangka waktu yang lama
An Economic Instrument to Reduce the Crime Rate in Sweden
Authors: Stenis Jan
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Crime is one of the most important social problems, affecting public safety, children’s development, and adult socioeconomic status. The Naturally Optimised Revenue Demand in Communities, the NORDIC model was applied to reduce the crime rate.

Methods

The NORDIC model that formed the basis of my study, was adapted to crime prevention. The approach was tested in a realistic case study on the crime rates in Sweden.

Results

Governments obtained a tool to monitor, manage, and evaluate criminality. End-users including law enforcement authorities and politicians could also use the tool to redesign the crime policy. The launched model produced constructed shadow costs to induce economic incentives to reduce the crime rate. The model considered the public’s awareness of the crime.

Conclusions

This paper introduced a practical, economic instrument for improved management of the crime rates. The NORDIC model could be used to reduce the Swedish crime rates and its danger to health as well as to raise the public’s awareness of crime issues.
Feedback Learning & Assessment: A Mutual Relationship
Authors: Abdullah Rahman
Published: November 2020

Assessment is an important tool, mechanism and approach to ensure accreditation, recognition, quality and standardization in any university’s program and courses. A good assessment that is fair, transparent and consistent should be communicated clearly between students and faculty staff to create a learning environment that is conducive to a university setting.
Effect Of Governace On Performanceof County Governments In Kenya
Authors: Wahinya Grace Njeri
Published: November 2020

This study’s purpose was to evaluate the effect of governance on performance of county governments in Kenya. The data collection instrument used was Questionnaire. The questionnaire collected primary data from seven counties in Kenya (Machakos, Kakamega, Murang’a, Kilifi, Migori, Nakuru and Nairobi) drawn from 47 county governments in Kenya. The researcher identified the best performing county from every region of the former eight provinces of the republic of Kenya. The study adopted correlational research design. The study adopted two tools of analysis namely: correlation and regression analysis. The correlation analysis portrayed the positive correlation between the predictor and the response variables. Regression analysis was used to explain the relationship between the predictor and response variables. To provide the strength of the relationship between the model and the response variable and determine its goodness fit, R-squared was used. F statistics was used to test the significance of the regression model. The findings articulated that governance significantly performance of county governance. From the findings, the study concludes that the county governments should enhance on further improvement in the area of governance in order to enhance the benefit of governance on performance of county governments.
Sun Tzu: The Art of War and 21st Century Curriculum Development – What can the early Asian philosopher tell us about developing curriculums in the 21st Century?
Authors: Walden Joseph L.
Published: November 2020

The Art of War was written by Sun Tzu around 512 BC. Sun Tzu’s book focused on military strategy. However, looking the guidance from Sun Tzu can be adapted to curriculum development. This paper uses the words of Sun Tzu from a curriculum development perspective. With a curriculum development perspective, Sun Tzu provides some good guidance on preparing for, conducting and implementing curriculum reviews in order to keep the offerings to the students current and relevant.
The Effect of Selected Demographic Parameters on Intimacy, HIV risk perception and Self-efficacy among Ugandan and Tanzanian University Pre-Service Teachers.
Authors: Kobusingye Loyce Kiiza , Makungu Bulayi , Namatende-Sakwa Lydia
Published: November 2020

The study was conducted among university pre-service teachers pursuing Bachelor of Arts/Bachelor of Science with Education degree programmes, with the major aim of analysing the effect selected demographic attributes or parameters of gender, age and religion on intimacy, HIV risk perception and self-efficacy. A total of 557 respondents selected using systematic random sampling from both Makerere University School of Education (Uganda) and Dar es Salaam University College of Education (Tanzania) were studied and findings revealed that the variation intimacy among the two genders was not significant while the variation in HIV risk perception between the male and female pre-service teachers was significant. It was also observed that the variation in self-efficacy between the two genders was not significant. On the other hand, the, the variation in intimacy between the age cohorts under study was significant while that in HIV risk perception and self-efficacy for the different age groups was not significant. The variations in intimacy, HIV risk perception and self-efficacy between the several religions was found to be non-significant across all religions. The findings therefore point to the need for effective university policies that should incorporate life skills education, HIV workshops, behaviour change programmes, peer education and exemplary leadership.
The Determinants of Farmers' Entrepreneurial Intention in Tanzanian Agricultural Sector:
Authors: Tambwe M. A. , Chachage Bukaza L. , Mbise E. R.
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to clarify the determinants of entrepreneurial intention of orange farmers in Muheza, Tanzania by validating the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) developed by Ebewo, Rugimbana & Shambare, (2017). In these days where entrepreneurial development is seen as the core contributor to enhance business and facilitate economic development, the best possible determinants of entrepreneurial determinants are required. The survey was conducted to 349 small scale orange farmers in Muheza. To test the model, the constructs of entrepreneurship training, farmers’ attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control and entrepreneurial intention inputs were validated followed by factor analysis and structural equation modeling. results show the positive and significant influence of perceived behaviour control, attitudes towards entrepreneurship as the significant determinants in the development of orange farmers’ entrepreneurial intention. Further, the findings validate the developed intentional entrepreneurship training model and enhances the body of knowledge by highlighting the key skills required by farmers in entrepreneurship training programmes. It was also found that, entrepreneurial intention of orange farmers was predicted by attitudes and perceived behaviour control but not subjective norms. To inculcate and increase orange farmers’ entrepreneurial intention, the government and policy makers should focus on cultivating positive attitudes and perceived behaviour control so that to spread positive stance to entrepreneurship in order to enhance the willingness of orange farmers to engage in commercial farming.
Effects of Alcohol Consumption and Abuse Among Younger Adults in Nsukka, Nigeria
Authors: Iwuagwu Anthony Obinna , Iyiani Christian Chiedozie , Ngwu Christopher Ndubuisi , Agholor Stanley Emeka , Eyang Brian Obue , Okah Paulinus Sunday
Published: November 2020

Globally, there has been availability and misuse of alcohol among youths and the consequences have been a thing of serious concern. This study investigates the effects of alcohol consumption and abuse among younger adults in Nsukka, Nigeria. The study used a multi stage random sample of 110 younger adults aged 17-40 years. They were interviewed using in-depth interviews (10) and Focus Group Discussions (10 FGD) that elicited information on the effects of alcohol consumption and abuse among younger adults. The qualitative data generated were analyzed in themes. Results indicate that majority of the respondents negatively perceived alcohol consumption to be depraved due to its health, religious and social implications, especially when it is abused. However, they conserved that many positive benefits are inherent in alcohol consumption if it is not abused. Given the rate of alcohol abuse among younger adults as findings show, there is the urgent need for policies and programmes that will help regulate alcohol consumption and abuse. This will go a long way in sensitizing, rehabilitating and reintegrating alcohol addicts and the at-risk persons to the larger society and the findings has potentials to influence policies on alcoholism.
ESTIMATION DES DEBITS DU FLEUVE OUEME A L’EXUTOIRE DE AHLAN A PARTIR DE DEUX MODELES HYDROLOGIQUES POUR LA PREVISION DES CRUES
Authors: BRICE MONGBO F. A. , ERNEST AMOUSSOU , PLACIDE CLEDJO F. G. A.
Published: November 2020

The river Oueme is the longest river in Benin with a watershed covering more than 40% of the country's surface. The hydrological regime of the river Oueme is irregular and is characterized by an alternation of strong floods and severe low water. The morphodynamics of the study area from the source to the Ahlan outlet favored rapid flows in the basin. Thus, we are witnessing a recurrence of flooding in the delta. A rainflow- rainflow and rainfall- rainflow modeling was set up to develop a tool for estimating the flows required for the sizing of the structures. It emerges from these results that the rainfall- rainflow and rainflow-rainflow models presented Nash values ​​greater than 0.90 both in setting and in validation. Which testifies to the efficiency of the models. However, for this work, the rainfall-runoff model was chosen because of the relatively longer learning time. From these results, a management tool was developed for the recovery of water from overflows in the basin for economic purposes.
The Complexity And Compatibility Of ICT Integration In The Teaching And Learning Of Agriculture In Swaziland
Authors: Dludlu Mzomba Nelson , Mndzebele Nomsa
Published: November 2020

In Swaziland, ICT integration in teaching and learning is at the infancy stage. Learning opportunities provided by the increasing use of technology in classrooms are not being harnessed in secondary schools. The purpose of the study was to describe ICT integration in the teaching and learning of Agriculture in relation to complexity and the compatibility of the ICT tools in Swaziland. Specific objectives were (1) to describe the complexity of ICT tools as perceived by the teachers and (2) to further describe the compatibility of ICT tools in relation to the teachers’ experiences. A descriptive correlational design employing a mixed method approach was used to conduct the study. Data was collected using a Semi-structured interview guide and a survey questionnaire. The population for the study was (N=325) involving all secondary school Agriculture Teachers (N= 312) and key informants who were Agricultural Education Administrators (n=13). The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) guided the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. With regard to complexity findings revealed that (1) computers make teaching of complex concepts easy, (2) computer use fits well in my curriculum goals, and that (3) learning to use ICT in teaching is a challenge. In overall findings indicated that the ICT tools were less complex to use by the Agriculture Teachers while teaching. The study further revealed that complexities of ICT use by Agriculture teachers were brought about by the age of teachers and the frequent changing of technologies. In relation to compatibility of ICT usage findings revealed that Agriculture Teachers agreed that (1) ICT is quick in meeting information needs, (2) Working with computers make them feel comfortable, (3) ICT use in teaching was very convenient, (4) Agriculture requires more ICT assistance, (5) computers brought positive changes in the schools, and that (6) computer use suits the learners needs. The study further indicated that Agriculture teachers perceived that ICT devices were (7) compatible with existing practices, (8) ICT philosophy was compatible with the subject content, and that (9) ICT integration allows well demonstration of real situations. It is recommended that a policy articulating the need and usage of ICT integration to support teaching and learning be enacted, thus, compelling Internet service providers to extend their bandwidth of Internet to all schools. It is further recommended, that ICT integration pedagogical skills be part of all pre-service and in-service teacher preparatory programmes.
Climate Variability and peasant agriculture in Kélo in the south of Chad
Authors: Mfewou Abdoulay , Tata Julius , Nadji Paul
Published: November 2020

With its Sahelian climate, Chad presents climatic parameters which have a very negative impact on its agricultural productivity. Faced with this natural problem for peasant society, political decision-makers do little to support local adaptation mechanisms. The study in Kélo, southern Chad, (606.9 mm; 28.9 ° C) was carried out for five months. The survey was conducted with 140 heads of households randomly chosen from this area to collect information relating to the damage caused by climatic vagaries on the yields of cultivated plants and the analysis of meteorological data collected at the Kélo station by l 'Chad Institute of Agronomic Research for Development (ITRAD) on climate variability which shows the irregularities of the rains at their beginnings and / or at their ends, the shortening of the rainy season and, a slight rise in temperature. These rainfall irregularities, the main crops are experiencing yield reductions of the order of 70¨% of the average, approximately: 20-25 bags of paddy per hectare against 7-12 bags of paddy for rice, 4-5 bags / ha against 2-3 bags / ha for sorghum and pearl millet, 10-13 bags / ha against 6-9 bags / ha for peanuts, 600-900 kg / ha against 250-600 kg for cotton, etc. . In 2018, rainfall over time shows linear correlations established between cereal and cotton yields on the one hand, and those of annual rainfall on the other. The result also shows that there are no explicit linear relationships between these variables. This shows that, mere knowledge of the rainfall regime is not enough to explain the decline in agricultural production; because poor agricultural production can result from both poor and surplus water conditions and / or poor distribution of rains. It is recorded that food production per capita also decreases; this decline occupies a very important place in all policies of local development projects but weakly applied by rural decision-makers. Consequently, there is recurrent food insecurity, putting the farmer in a dependency on assistantship from outside the region.