bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicação web para apoiar as atividades extensionistas da Escola de Música “O Som do Cerrado”
Authors: Alves Igor Lúcio Rocha , Silva Walter Henrique , Vinhal Nunes Guilherme , Rodrigues Larissa Ferreira , Godoi Paulo Nogueira Andrade
Published: March 2020

A Escola de Música “O Som do Cerrado” foi fundada em 2015 e ensina teoria e prática musical aplicada a diversos instrumentos para a comunidade interna e externa à Universidade. Entretanto, as atividades extensionistas realizadas não são divulgadas no âmbito digital e a gestão de atividades, documentos e fluxo de trabalho são feitos de forma manual, sendo uma tarefa bastante dispendiosa. Dessa forma, este projeto de extensão tem o objetivo de aplicar Tecnologia da Informação para apoiar as atividades extensionistas da Escola de Música. Foi desenvolvida uma aplicação web utilizando ferramentas gratuitas e com etapas de desenvolvimento baseadas no SCRUM e Kanban. A aplicação web trouxe modernização para a gestão de documentos e fluxo de trabalho da escola de música e recursos necessários para a divulgação das atividades extensionistas em meio digital.
“[...] Que o estudo não extinga o espírito da santa oração e devoção”: reflexões sobre a educação na Ordem dos Frades Menores a partir das primeiras hagiografias em prosa sobre Antônio de Pádua
Authors: Camacho Victor Mariano , Silva Andreia Cristina Lopes Frazão da
Published: March 2020

No século XIII, momento em que surge a Ordem dos Frades Menores, dois fenômenos apontados pela historiografia conviviam no Ocidente Medieval: a dessacralização do escrito e uma perspectiva crítica em relação aos que obtinham formação escolar, devido à associação entre educação, prestígio social e abandono dos princípios da fé. No documento conhecido como “Carta de São Francisco a Santo Antônio”, é possível identificar a tensão entre a importância do estudo e o seu potencial de abalar o “espírito”. Antônio, a quem a carta foi endereçada, foi, segundo apontam os testemunhos, um dos primeiros religiosos a ingressar na Ordem dos Frades Menores com formação teológica, pois educou-se junto aos clérigos regrantes. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as primeiras legendas sobre Antônio, a Legenda Assídua, a Vida Segunda e o Diálogo das Gestas de Santo Antônio, escritas entre 1232 a 1245, a fim de discutir o papel do conhecimento escolar na caracterização do frade e, por extensão, no seio da Ordem dos Frades Menores nas décadas de 1230 e 1240.
O Estruturalismo em As Palavras e as Coisas: Uma História Estrutural do Saber
Authors: Ragusa Pedro
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é reconhecer a presença de um estilo específico de estruturalismo na prática da pesquisa arqueológica de Michel Foucault. O método arqueológico, ao contrário de recorrer a uma prática estruturalista que recuse a transformação e a mudança histórica, correspondeu a um esforço teórico-metodológico para introduzir nos estudos estruturais uma perspectiva histórica. A hipótese que anima essa pesquisa foi mostrar como Michel Foucault escreveu As Palavras e as Coisas, com o interesse em realizar um estudo estrutural dos saberes ocidentais, através da adequação do método arqueológico à um estilo de pesquisa estruturalista através de uma história descontínua dos saberes
Fomento à pesca e riscos de extinção: uma análise a partir do registro fotográfico do pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) do rio Araguaia em meados do século XX
Authors: Vital André Vasques , Tejerina-Garro Francisco Leonardo
Published: March 2020

O artigo aborda a situação da pesca do Arapaima gigas no rio Araguaia e os debates em torno dessa atividade por meio da análise do registro fotográfico publicado nos livros Encantos do Oeste de Agenor Couto de Magalhães (1945) e Dramas do Oeste de Leolídio Di Ramos Caiado (195?). As interconexões entre ambas publicações são compreendidas como parte ativa das controvérsias políticas ligadas à atividade da pesca no referido rio. Os registros fotográficos de pirarucus pescados guardam relação direta com as contradições e controvérsias locais ligadas às políticas e à ideologia da “Marcha para o Oeste” e ao fenômeno da intensificação do turismo. Os espécimes capturados e fotografados foram parte e fomentaram duas especulações distintas sobre o futuro do rio Araguaia: uma ligada ao sucesso do turismo e da indústria pesqueira e outra relacionada à extinção da espécie A. gigas.
“Ideologia de gênero”: ofensiva reacionária, pânico e cruzada moral no México (2016)
Authors: Ribeiro Edméia
Published: March 2020

Uma ofensiva reacionária, ancorada em princípios como o da moral e valores da família tem tocado os imaginários sociais, incendiado debates, disseminado visões de mundo e produzido pânico moral. Trata-se do discurso antigênero, reconhecido pela locução “ideologia de gênero”, concepção bastante expressiva em documentos publicados por movimentos que se organizam em torno da defesa da “família natural” e que buscam mobilizar indivíduos devotos e leigos. O México, desde o ano de 2016, em função do envio ao Congresso do projeto de lei para aprovação do casamento homossexual, pelo presidente Enrique Peña Nieto (2012-2018), tem vivenciado intensa movimentação de grupos pró família e pró vida, e a internet – redes sociais - se configurou em importante ferramenta para mobilização da cruzada moral contra a questão de gênero. Neste artigo analisamos a produção e divulgação do discurso antigênero a partir das páginas do Facebook de algumas organizações mexicanas pró família, a saber, a ConFamilia (Consejo Mexicano de la Familia) e a Frente Nacional x la Familia, cujas visualizações e compartilhamentos de postagens de conteúdo antigênero atingem um número expressivo de usuários das redes sociais, contribuindo para a formação da inteligibilidade de indivíduos, criando pânico moral e movimentos sociais de caráter reacionário.
“Você será mobilizada(o)!”: gênero e trabalho na Segunda Guerra Mundial – Estados Unidos e Brasil.
Authors: Fonseca Renan Reis
Published: March 2020

Nos Estados Unidos, a revista de variedades Reader’s Digest foi uma das que contribuiu intensamente na mobilização para a Segunda Guerra Mundial, convocando tanto as mulheres norte-americanas para o trabalho na indústria, quanto defendendo que os homens fossem para as frentes de batalha, articulando posteriormente também a desmobilização das mulheres e sua recondução aos lares. No contexto brasileiro, a revista Seleções do Reader’s Digest – ao trabalhar com um projeto de seleção do material norte-americano – também contribuiu para os diferentes modos como os papéis de gênero durante os anos de conflito foram apresentados para os leitores brasileiros aos moldes das políticas implementadas nos Estados Unidos. O foco de análise deste trabalho recairá, portanto, sobre a forma como esses papéis foram articulados em ambos os países, entre 1941 e 1945, a partir de artigos publicados por ambas as revistas. Tomando como perspectiva teórica os Estudos de Gênero, principalmente os vieses estabelecidos por estudiosas como Susan Hartmann e Joanne Meyerowitz, e atentando para o conceito de representação, tal como concebido por Roger Chartier, o trabalho visa a elencar possíveis divergências no que concerne à convocatória para as mulheres, apontando as diferentes maneiras pelas quais participaram no esforço de guerra, seja no homefront, seja no campo de batalha.
A comissão de exilados argentinos. A construção de um espaço exterior de política interna entre Argentina e Chile em meados do século XIX.
Authors: Pereira Affonso Celso Thomaz
Published: March 2020

Em março de 1841, formava-se em Santiago a Comisión Argentina de Santiago, originada dos esforços dos exilados argentinos no Chile para dar suporte às forças rebeldes do general La Madrid, na sua luta contra os exércitos de Juan Manuel de Rosas na Província de Cuyo. Em maio de 1841, a “Comisión que representa a los emigrados argentinos residentes en este país”, escrevia desde Santiago ao governador de La Rioja com o objetivo de promover uma aliança militar com outras províncias que pudesse livrar a região do controle dos aliados de Rosas, Governador de Buenos Aires. Esse é um momento importante para se pensar a conformação dos Estados Nacionais na América Latina no século XIX, especificamente, sobre a questão da territorialidade. O que pretendemos com esse artigo é, por um lado, apresentar os debates em torno da configuração política argentina que ocorriam desde o exterior mas em permanente relação com a política e agentes internos à Confederação Argentina; por outro lado, pensar os entrelaçamentos dessa emigração com a sociedade local chilena em busca de legitimidade interna e externa.
Franciscanismo, trabalho e mendicância: o léxico franciscano do século XIII
Authors: Magalhães Ana Paula Tavares
Published: March 2020

Os Franciscanos encontravam-se, desde suas origens, dispensados da estabilidade, o que acarretava, automaticamente, na possibilidade do retorno dos frades ao estado dos monges giróvagos, garantindo seu direito – e também sua vocação – para a circulação no saeculum. A Ordem Franciscana se constituíra, portanto, a partir da autorização verbal de Inocêncio III, em uma comunidade mendicante, à qual se encontrava disponível o mecanismo esmoler. A partir da institucionalização da comunidade, entretanto, a mendicância deveria, progressivamente, apresentar-se como um expediente vinculado a uma realidade institucional pré-existente e, portanto, identificada a normas e práticas ligadas à tradição. Por essa razão, o léxico da mendicância na Ordem Franciscana tendeu a incorporar os conceitos relacionados ao trabalho (o labor) da Regula monachorum de São Bento. Identificamos, de uma maneira geral, no corpus escrito franciscano, uma apresentação da mendicância como profundamente associada ao trabalho.
Conhecimento e mendicância como epicentro do embate entre Boaventura de Bagnoregio e Guilherme de Santo Amor no século XIII
Authors: Oliveira Terezinha
Published: March 2020

O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre o embate travado na Universidade de Paris entre os mestres seculares e os mestres mendicantes. Essa querela ocorreu porque os seculares sentiramse ameaçados com a entrada dos mendicantes na Universidade. Para realizar essa reflexão, elegemos como fontes para o estudo o escrito de Guillherme de Santo Amor intitulado Tractatus brevis de periculis novissimorum temporum (Breve tratado sobre os perigos dos últimos tempos) como representante dos mestres seculares e três escritos de Boaventura de Bagnoregio: Cuestiones disputadas sobre la Perfeccion Evangélica, A perfeição da vida e Itenerário da Mente para Deus. No epicentro dessa disputa estavam a mendicância e o conhecimento. A partir dessas duas questões, os contentadores escolheram como arma de combate a pena e a Universidade tornou-se a liça. Procuraremos explicitar que, por meio desses escritos, poderemos compreender as mudanças sociais e teóricas que ocorriam no Ocidente medieval, colocando na ordem do dia uma nova visão de mundo, da qual os mendicantes eram seus expositores. Observamos, também, que nossas reflexões consideram os escritos da perspectiva da história social e teremos a memória como nosso fio condutor.
Financial support to the poor for the detection of smear-negative pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB in Bangladesh
Authors: Munim I. M. S. , Shewade H. D. , Jeyashree K. , Islam S. , Rifat I. A. , Patwary F. K. , Begum I. , Sarkar M. K. , Mahmud R. , Islam M. S. , Islam M. A.
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: The study was conducted in BRAC-administered areas of the Bangladesh National Tuberculosis (TB) Programme (42 of 64 districts). According to the 2013–2017 financial support scheme, direct costs due to TB diagnosis were reimbursed among economically disadvantaged
people with presumptive smear-negative pulmonary (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB).OBJECTIVE: To describe the implementation of the scheme and associated changes in case notification.DESIGN: This was a descriptive study involving programme data.RESULTS: Between
2013 and 2017, persons reimbursed reduced from 125 680 to 88 763, and the case detection ratio increased from 18% to 24%. The number of patients with presumptive EPTB who were reimbursed decreased from 5024 to 3484. More than 95% were reimbursed for chest radiograph, fine-needle
aspiration cytology and biopsy. However, large numbers of ancillary investigations were also reimbursed. During 2013–2017, the observed national quarterly new smear-negative PTB case notification rates (CNRs) were significantly higher than the forecasted CNRs (based on CNR trends during
2008–2012). New EPTB and all form TB CNRs increased but not significantly.CONCLUSION: Implementation of the financial support scheme was accompanied by a significant improvement in new, smear-negative PTB notification. The absence of a comparison arm was a key limitation,
but comparison was not possible as the scheme was implemented in all districts.
Quantification of neutrophil and monocyte CD64 expression: a predictive biomarker for active tuberculosis
Authors: Gatti A. , Ceriani C. , De Paschale M. , Magnani C. , Villa M. , Viganò P. , Clerici P. , Brando B.
Published: March 2020

SETTING: QuantiFERON TB assay (QFT) is used to screen tuberculosis (TB) infection, but it cannot distinguish active TB from latent TB infection (LTBI).OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quantitative expression of the high-affinity FCgamma receptor I (CD64) on neutrophils (NE)
and monocytes (MO) in peripheral blood using flow cytometry, measured in antibody binding capacity (ABC) units as a predictive biomarker of TB.DESIGN: Fifty-two patients were enrolled (45 QFT-positive and 7 QFT-indeterminate). Cultures and molecular analyses were performed.RESULTS:
Of the 45 QFT-positive patients, 29 were culture-positive (active TB) and 16 were negative (LTBI). The median NE CD64 ABC and MO CD64 ABC expression was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in culture-positive patients. The NE CD64 and MO CD64 area under the receiver operating characteristic
curve values were respectively 0.948 (95%CI 0.838–0.992) and 0.989 (0.901–1.000). By setting the cut-off NE CD64 value at >2400 ABC or MO CD64 value >25 800 the assay sensitivity increased to 95.5% with 100% specificity and 100% positive predictive value. In the QFT-indeterminate
group, five culture-positive cases had NE CD64 >2400 ABC or MO CD64 value >25 800; two culture-negative cases had lower values.CONCLUSION: The CD64 quantitative expression on peripheral blood cells may be used as a predictive biomarker for active TB.
Toxicological profile and structure–activity relationship
of new synthetic cathinones
Authors: Wronikowska Olga , Budzyńska Barbara
Published: March 2020

According to the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate, 75% of the compounds identified as new psychoactive substances in Poland are represented by synthetic cathinones. The aim of the presented paper is to describe the pharmacological profile of synthetic cathinones, including the structure-activity relationship and its impact on their biological effects. This article also includes a review of the literature on fatal and non-fatal intoxication cases associated with the administration of well-described synthetic cathinones, as well as their new derivatives. This review also characterises the influence of the amendment to the Act of August 2018 concerning the prevention of drug abuse on the process of banning new drugs and the current legal situation related to the abuse of new psychoactive substances.
Effects of mushroom waster medium and stalk residues on the growth performance and oxidative status in broilers
Authors: Hsieh Y. C. , Lin W. C. , Chuang W. Y. , Chen M. H. , Chang S. C. , Lee T. T.
Published: March 2020

Objective: The study developed mushroom stalk residues as feed additives in the broiler diet for improving the growth performance and immunity of broilers as well as to increase the value of mushroom stalk residues.Methods: In total, 300 ROSS 308 broilers were randomly allocated into fifteen pens with five dietary treatments: i) control, basal diet; ii) CMWM, supplemented with 1% Cordyceps militaris waster medium (CM); iii) CMPE, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus eryngii stalk residue (PE); iv) CMPS, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus sajorcaju stalk residue (PS); v) CMFV, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Fammulina velutipes stalk residue (FV).Results: The chemical analysis results showed that CM extracts, PE extracts, PS extracts, and FV extracts contain functional components such as polysaccharides and phenols and have both 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picryl‐hydrazyl‐hydrate scavenging and Ferrous scavenging capacities. The group CMWM saw increased body weight gain and feed conversion rate and the promotion of jejunum villus growth, but there is no significant difference in the intestinal bacteria phase. Antioxidant genes in the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)- antioxidant responsive element pathway among the groups are significantly higher than that of the control group, especially in group CMWM.Conclusion: The mushroom stalk residues have antioxidant functional components, can improve the intestinal health and body weight gain of chickens, and can activate the antioxidant pathway of Nrf2 to increase the heme oxygenase-1 expression. The treatment with 1% CM was the most promising as a feed additive.
Effect of extrusion of soybean meal on feed spectroscopic molecular structures and on performance, blood metabolites and nutrient digestibility of Holstein dairy calves
Authors: Mollaei Berenti Ammar , Yari Mojtaba , Khalaji Saeed , Hedayati Mahdi , Akbarian Amin , Yu Peiqiang
Published: March 2020

Objective: Performance and physiological responses of dairy calves may change by using extruded soybean meal (ESBM) instead of common soybean meal (SBM) in starter feed. The aims of the current study were i) to determine the effect of extrusion processing of SBM on protein electrophoretic size, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) structures and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) protein subfractions and ii) to determine the effect of substitution of SBM with ESBM in starter feed of Holstein heifer calves during pre and post-weaning on performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites.Methods: The SBM was substituted with ESBM at the level of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (dry matter [DM] basis). Fifty heifer calves (initial body weight 40.3±0.63 kg) were used for the study. After birth, animals were fed colostrum for 3 days and then they were fed whole milk until weaning. Animals had free access to starter feed and water during the study.Results: Extrusion of SBM decreased electrophoretic protein size and increased rapidly degradable true protein fraction, changed FTIR protein and amide II region. With increasing level of ESBM in the diet, starter intake increased quadratically during the pre-weaning period (p<0.05) and body weight, DM intake and average daily gain increased linearly during the post-weaning and the whole study period (p<0.05). Tbe DM and crude protein digestibilities at week 14 and blood glucose and beta hydroxybutyric acid increased linearly in calves as the level of ESBM increased in the diet (p<0.05).Conclusion: Dairy calves performance and physiological responses were sensitive to SBM protein characteristics including electrophoretic size, FTIR structures and CNCPS protein fractions.
Análise Exploratória da Malária na Amazônia Brasileira por Meio da Plataforma de Ciência de Dados aplicada à Saúde
Authors: Baroni Lais Ribeiro , Paixão Balthazar , Chrispino Alvaro , Guedes Gustavo , Barcellos Christovam , Pedroso Marcel , Ogasawara Eduardo
Published: March 2020

A malária é uma doença infecciosa que atinge principalmente a Amazônia Legal. O Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) hospeda e disponibiliza o Sistema de Informações de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Malária. Acompanhá-lo e integrar seus dados com fontes adicionais, bem como realizar a preparação dos dados é de vital importância para se compreender os fenômenos por trás das ocorrências e dos atendimentos médicos por meio das notificações realizadas no sistema. Para tanto, neste trabalho fazemos uso da Plataforma de Ciência de Dados aplicada à Saúde (PCDaS) como ferramenta para viabilizar a análise da evolução da malária na Amazônia Legal. A partir do seu uso, levantamos perguntas de pesquisas que podem ajudar na compreensão e no combate da malária no Brasil.
Predição de Falhas em Workflows Científicos com o uso de Redes de Petri Estocásticas e Lógica DS
Authors: Lopes Bruno , De Oliveira Daniel
Published: March 2020

Vários workflows existentes exigem muitos recursos computacionais, pois processam um grande volume de dados. Dessa forma, os ambientes de Processamento de Alto Desempenho (PAD) devem ser aplicados em conjunto com técnicas de paralelização para apoiar a sua execução. Embora os ambientes de PAD ofereçam diversas vantagens, as falhas são uma realidade, e não uma possibilidade, devido ao grande número de nós de computação envolvidos na execução do workflow. Verificar falhas no workflow é uma tarefa desafiadora que ainda requer esforço. Neste artigo, propomos o uso da DS3, uma lógica dinâmica adaptada sobre as redes de Petri estocásticas, para verificar e prever falhas em workflows.
Is a Fecal Microbiota Transplant Useful for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Authors: Suceveanu Andra-Iulia , Dumitru Andrada , Musat Marilena , Voinea Claudia , Voinea Felix , Parepa Irinel , Pantea Stoian Anca , Mazilu Laura , Suceveanu Adrian Paul
Published: March 2020

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease represent the major groups of idiopathic disorders in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The etiology includes environmental factors, genetic factors, and immune responses. The pathogenesis is diversified; however, no guaranteed curative therapeutic regimen has been developed so far. This review contains information related to pathophysiology and current treatment options for IBD. It is known that IBD is caused by tissue-disruptive inflammatory reactions of the gut wall; that is why downregulation of the immune responses allows the healing of the damaged mucosa and allows the resetting of the physiological functions of the gut back to normal. The main treatment options are still corticosteroids, immunomodulators, antibiotics, probiotics, and a series of new agents. Their effects include modulation of cytokines, neutrophil-derived factors, adhesion molecules, and reactive oxygen/nitrogen metabolites. The monoclonal antitumor necrosis factor as infliximab recombinant anti-inflammatory cytokines or related gene therapy is also used nowadays. Still, the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered to revolutionize the therapy in IBD, considering the abnormal inflammatory response due to the complicated relationship between microbiota and the immune system. It is imperative to mention the critical role dysbiosis may have in the pathogenesis of IBDs. This review summarizes the available literature concerning the efficacy of FMT in IBDs.
Toward a Two-Route Interpretation of Parmenidean Inquiry
Authors: Smith Colin C. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2020

In this paper I challenge the orthodox view regarding the number of routes of inquiry in Parmenides’s poem. The narrating goddess in Fragment 2 identifies ‘the only routes of inquiry there are for knowing,’ (i) guided by the ‘[. . .] is [. . .]’ and (ii) guided by ‘what-is-not as such.’ In Fragment 6, the goddess considers taking (iii) ‘both to be and not to be’ to be ‘the same and not the same,’ and most modern commentators hold that this constitutes a third route. I argue instead that this interpretation entails missing the routes’ fundamental interconnections, and that the goddess describes only two. To show this, I consider Fragments 2 and 6 before turning to key notions in Doxa, particularly the constitutive ontological kinds ‘light’ and ‘night,’ to account for the second, mortal route. Mortals have missed the being of these two, and I develop an account of the inquiry that is guided by this insight.
Exploitation without Exchange
Authors: Hartsock Michael , Roark Eric ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2020

Extant accounts of exploitation typically focus on either an exchange or interaction between persons, or on exploitative systems (i.e., global capitalism). We propose a new account of exploitation that focuses instead on the benefits an exploiter enjoys which are had at the expense of another, the exploited party. This account is developed by considering the benefits enjoyed by consumers (e.g., inexpensive sweatshop-made goods) and the manner in which those benefits are produced (e.g., the loss of dignity suffered by sweatshop workers). On our account, an exploitative relationship need not involve any interaction or exchange between exploiter and exploited. Neither is exploitation a property of systems or institutions. Instead, we argue that a consumer who buys a shirt produced under near slave-like conditions engages in a moral wrong by exploiting the worker who made it even though the two may be far-removed in space and time.
C&RL Spotlight
Authors: Kaspar Wendi
Published: March 2020

Hindsight is 2020As the parent of a high school student who is currently looking at colleges and trying to figure out what she wants to be when she grows up, it has prompted me to think back on my own experience and career trajectory. Admittedly, the climate in higher education and in libraries is very different from what it was when I first determined I wanted to be a librarian. And my daughter, while interested in information and research, is seriously considering pursuing a career in psychology (and foreign languages). Nonetheless, it puts in mind of how individuals arrive at these decisions (or stumble onto these career paths), which ultimately lead us to where we are. That is not to say that we can’t change course individually or as an organization or a profession. Certainly, there have been numerous discussions about how the profession and higher education are changing—constantly—and being driven by too many factors to mention.
People in the News
Authors: Galloway Ann-Christe
Published: March 2020

Jeffry ArcherWilliam NoelMaggie SnowMihoko HosoiIlana StonebrakerKimber ThomasRustin ZarkarBarbara I. DeweyRita W. JonesPamela MacKintosh
Fast Facts
Authors: Pattillo Gary
Published: March 2020

News podcastsArchiving podcastsCitation ImpactPost baccalaureate enrollmentSchool enrollment
Book Review: Beyond Reality: Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality in the Library
Authors: Kipnis Daniel G.
Published: March 2020

As part of the democratization of information, libraries are expanding their offerings beyond knowledge-based resources into the realm of virtual reality. In Beyond Reality, Varnum produces nine unique chapters on augmented, virtual, and mixed realities (AR/VR/MR). Six of the chapters are university case studies, two are from public libraries, and the final chapter is from an intellectual property attorney. The selected case studies offer a variety of geographic locations and sizes, which will help match libraries considering pursuing AR/VR/MR programs.
Book Review: Urban Health Issues: Exploring the Impacts of Big-City Living
Authors: Carr Tracy
Published: March 2020

Due to poverty, climate change, and other factors, the world’s populations are becoming more urban. While “urban” is relative to various countries, the shift from rural to urban is happening worldwide. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the world’s populations became, for the first time, evenly split between urban and rural. By midcentury, the prediction is that most populations will live in urban areas. It follows that where there are more people, there are also more health concerns. Richard V. Crume’s Urban Health Issues: Exploring the Impacts of Big-City Living is an eminently readable, accessible volume that addresses these health concerns.
Book Review: The World’s Oceans: Geography, History, and Environment
Authors: Euster Lisa
Published: March 2020

“Moving the world’s oceans to a central role, from the role of empty space between the continents” (p. ix-x) and a goal of “uniting research in natural and social sciences with the humanities under an overarching theme of history” (p. X), as described in the introduction, are perhaps not what one might anticipate from the title, in which history is sandwiched between more science-based topics. Still, this work may serve to broaden the perspective students who are predominantly engaged by either the humanities or by the sciences.
Redaktion
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: March 2020

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Politicas ph.d.-serie
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: March 2020

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Abstracts
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: March 2020

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Det tålmodige demokrati
Authors: Bredsdorff Nils
Published: March 2020

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Optimización de imágenes para la web
Authors: Capilla Conrado
Published: March 2020

A día de hoy es realmente importante tener optimizados todos los aspectos que conforman la página. Uno de estos aspectos es el de la optimización de las imágenes a utilizar, ya que esto, de no implementarse, puede afectar la usabilidad de la web, los tiempos de carga de esta, la experiencia de usuario y el posicionamiento SEO en los buscadores.
ARL13B regulates Sonic hedgehog signaling from outside primary cilia
Authors: Gigante Eduardo D , Taylor Megan R , Ivanova Anna A , Kahn Richard A , Caspary Tamara
Published: March 2020

ARL13B is a regulatory GTPase highly enriched in cilia. Complete loss of Arl13b disrupts cilia architecture, protein trafficking and Sonic hedgehog signaling. To determine whether ARL13B is required within cilia, we knocked in a cilia-excluded variant of ARL13B (V358A) and showed it retains all known biochemical function. We found that ARL13BV358A protein was expressed but could not be detected in cilia, even when retrograde ciliary transport was blocked. We showed Arl13bV358A/V358A mice are viable and fertile with normal Shh signal transduction. However, in contrast to wild type cilia, Arl13bV358A/V358A cells displayed short cilia and lacked ciliary ARL3 and INPP5E. These data indicate that ARL13B’s role within cilia can be uncoupled from its function outside of cilia. Furthermore, these data imply that the cilia defects upon complete absence of ARL13B do not underlie the alterations in Shh transduction, which is unexpected given the requirement of cilia for Shh transduction.
Proteome profile of peripheral myelin in healthy mice and in a neuropathy model
Authors: Siems Sophie B , Jahn Olaf , Eichel Maria A , Kannaiyan Nirmal , Wu Lai Man N , Sherman Diane L , Kusch Kathrin , Hesse Dörte , Jung Ramona B , Fledrich Robert , Sereda Michael W , Rossner Moritz J , Brophy Peter J , Werner Hauke B
Published: March 2020

Proteome and transcriptome analyses aim at comprehending the molecular profiles of the brain, its cell-types and subcellular compartments including myelin. Despite the relevance of the peripheral nervous system for normal sensory and motor capabilities, analogous approaches to peripheral nerves and peripheral myelin have fallen behind evolving technical standards. Here we assess the peripheral myelin proteome by gel-free, label-free mass-spectrometry for deep quantitative coverage. Integration with RNA-Sequencing-based developmental mRNA-abundance profiles and neuropathy disease genes illustrates the utility of this resource. Notably, the periaxin-deficient mouse model of the neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth 4F displays a highly pathological myelin proteome profile, exemplified by the discovery of reduced levels of the monocarboxylate transporter MCT1/SLC16A1 as a novel facet of the neuropathology. This work provides the most comprehensive proteome resource thus far to approach development, function and pathology of peripheral myelin, and a straightforward, accurate and sensitive workflow to address myelin diversity in health and disease.
USP16 counteracts mono-ubiquitination of RPS27a and promotes maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit
Authors: Montellese Christian , van den Heuvel Jasmin , Ashiono Caroline , Dörner Kerstin , Melnik André , Jonas Stefanie , Zemp Ivo , Picotti Paola , Gillet Ludovic C , Kutay Ulrike
Published: March 2020

Establishment of translational competence represents a decisive cytoplasmic step in the biogenesis of 40S ribosomal subunits. This involves final 18S rRNA processing and release of residual biogenesis factors, including the protein kinase RIOK1. To identify novel proteins promoting the final maturation of human 40S subunits, we characterized pre-ribosomal subunits trapped on RIOK1 by mass spectrometry, and identified the deubiquitinase USP16 among the captured factors. We demonstrate that USP16 constitutes a component of late cytoplasmic pre-40S subunits that promotes the removal of ubiquitin from an internal lysine of ribosomal protein RPS27a/eS31. USP16 deletion leads to late 40S subunit maturation defects, manifesting in incomplete processing of 18S rRNA and retarded recycling of late-acting ribosome biogenesis factors, revealing an unexpected contribution of USP16 to the ultimate step of 40S synthesis. Finally, ubiquitination of RPS27a appears to depend on active translation, pointing at a potential connection between 40S maturation and protein synthesis.
A fun and informative Open Access event?
Authors: Malovic Ivana , Søyland Marte J. , Werner Tarjei F. , Vågnes Nikolai , Skagen Therese
Published: March 2020

Introduction   The Norwegian research council supports the European cOAlition S, demanding that all scientific articles from the research they finance is openly available from 01.01.20211. Since 2013 the University of Oslo have mandatory institutional archiving of all peer reviewed articles in post-print version (after peer review)2. In 2019 several “publish and read” agreements were established between different publishers and the Norwegian higher education sector, enabling article processing charges to be paid by Norwegian universities and research institutions3.  

New agreements and changing regulations might be difficult to grasp by students, faculty and library employees. Aim is to test out basic knowledge about Open Access (OA) among beforementioned groups through a short, fun and informative OA event, while asking: Can a board game help promote Open Access? 

Method   Choosing an existing OA board game was done based on the following considerations: it must have a recognizable concept and simple rules, be easy to administer, and not be too time consuming. Our choice is “The Game of Open Access”, a game produced by McGuinn and Spikin at University of Huddersfield, UK4. Modification of questions and answers to better fit a Norwegian context and publishing rules at the University of Oslo was essential. After testing of the game between us, minor alterations to the playing rules were added. Just as in the original game, for each correctly answered question, a participant keeps a card. After completing a round, the player gets a token representing a single published article, and then continues the game. The game is finished after all questions are answered correctly. The winner is the participant with the most points. Each card is worth three points and each token one point. These small modifications make the game more balanced and all participants equally involved. 

Before playing the game, a short (five minutes) introduction to OA in Norway with presentation of infographics is given. After the game, an evaluation form is administrated among all participants as an online questionnaire. Gameplaying time is approximately 30 minutes, which makes the game perfect for shorter events.  

Results    Result from the evaluation form administered to librarians, students and faculty will be collected in the period September 2019-April 2020, in a range of different events. The first findings show that players are satisfied with board game content and questions, but they also suggest certain improvements  

Discussion   Can a board game learning activity taking place outside of the ordinary library instructional courses for students and faculty at the University be an asset spreading awareness about Open Access? Does library staff have the basic understanding of the topic, or is further training needed?
Library 5.0
Authors: Guldberg Helle , Præcius Daniel , Gundtoft Martin , Franck Frederick Lehmann , Fallentin Ida , Winding Jonas , Clemmensen Pia , Olsen Stine Lian
Published: March 2020

The library as pioneer in the development of study competencies for individual student retention and support. 

At KEA (Copenhagen School of Design and Technology), we have implemented a newly developed study competencies concept throughout our study programmes. The concept is designed and developed by the library staff and aims to support the individual student during the full length of his/her course of study. Our focus is on student centered learning (SCL), retention, completion and matching the complex requirements of the work place of tomorrow. 

In order to actively support the transformation from pupil to student, we have developed and implemented the concept “Study competencies – study-supporting activities”. Thus, enabling our students to complete their studies, whilst contributing to academically stronger graduates. 

Specifically, we are providing our students with tools and techniques to manage large amounts of information, understand academic language, structure their time, increase reading speed, apply new knowledge/trends and master the art of problem solving. In short, all essential study techniques and knowledge competencies whilst studying, but also in order to strengthen the students’ transition to a future workplace environment. 

The subjects are divided into modules. Each module includes learning objectives, teaching descriptions, videos, assignments and quizzes. All modules and tools are digitally accessible anytime anywhere for both faculty and students. As part of the concept, we have also developed an app – 5 korte (5 short) with five short touchdowns on source criticism, note taking, study reading, time management and research. 

The concept is scalable, integrated in the curriculum and follows a progression that supports the student throughout the course of study. We have based our method on co-creation and iterative processes involving faculty and students throughout the entire development process.
Evaluating the repellent effect of four botanicals against two Bactrocera species on mangoes
Authors: Jaleel Waqar , Wang Desen , Lei Yanyuan , Qi Guojun , Chen Ting , Rizvi Syed Arif Hussain , Sethuraman Veeran , He Yurong , Lu Lihua
Published: March 2020

Background

Bactrocera dorsalis and B. correcta are economically important fruit fly pests of crops, vegetables, fruits, and nuts worldwide, especially in China. Nowadays in China, B. correcta is a second notorious pest of many fruits after B. dorsalis. Different botanicals have been tested against the B. dorsalis but in the case of B. correcta, no records were published.

Methodology

This study evaluated the repellency of four botanicals (Seriphidium brevifolium, Piper nigrum, Azadirachta indica and quercetin) in acetone dilutions (5%, 2.5% and 1%) against the B. dorsalis and B. correcta at the laboratory conditions (25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of L:D 14:10 h).

Results

The number of visits after 24–48 h, oviposition punctures, and pupae made by both species were lower on the treated mangoes in comparison to untreated mangoes. S. brevifolium, P. nigrum, A. indica and quercetin have significantly reduced the visits, ovipositional punctures, and pupae of both species. Among botanicals, the P. nigrum was the most effective repellent against B. correcta and as well as B. dorsalis. However, the harmful effects of these botanicals against natural enemies are still unknown.
Translation, validation and test–retest reliability of the VISA-G patient-reported outcome tool into Danish (VISA-G.DK)
Authors: Jorgensen Jens Erik , Fearon Angela M. , Mølgaard Carsten M. , Kristinsson Jens , Andreasen Jane
Published: March 2020

The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) questionnaire model is based on item response theory using a graded response (responses reflect increasing difficulty). The purpose of the VISA-G is to monitor patient outcomes and evaluate treatment strategies for people with greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS). The primary aim of the current study was to translate and culturally adapt the VISA-G into a Danish context (DK) through forward and back translation and cognitive interviews. The second aim was to establish test–retest reliability and face validity of the VISA-G into a Danish context (DK). No major disagreements were observed between the original and translated versions of the questionnaire. A total of 58 heterogenous asymptomatic, and 49 symptomatic respondents (response rate: 92% and 78% respectively) completed the VISA-G.DK twice, 1 week apart. The VISA-G.DK had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: asymptomatic = 0.86; symptomatic = 0.98). The test–retest reliability was excellent for the total score: ICC: 0.961 (95% CI [0.933–0.978]). Standard Error Measurement was calculated to be 0.6. Bland–Altman plots showed no significant or relevant differences from test to retest in the total score with mean differences below 1 (0.61). The minimal detectable change was 3.17 for both groups. The VISA-G.DK was found to be valid, reliable and acceptable for use in the Danish population.
Seed Maturity Indices of Semecarpus anacardium Linn under Garhwal Himalayan Condition: A Highly Valuable Medicinal Tree
Authors: Rathiesh P. , Negi Ajeet Kumar
Published: March 2020

In the Himalayan region, there are several tree species which are relatively less studied particularly in reference to their seed maturation. Semecarpus anacardium Linn (Marking Nut) is a medicinal tree which is found in Garhwal Himalaya and mostly propagated through seeds. In perennial crops, selection of fruits is an important management techniques adopted after fruit harvest as it plays an important role in production of high quality seedlings in nursery. Hence, studies were formulated to evaluate the influence of fruit colour variation on seed quality characters. Fresh marking nut were collected from Dehradun, Lansdowne and Kalagarh Forest Division, Uttarakhand, India. The fruits were categorized based on the colour into four different groups such as T1 as Ground collection (dried), T2 as fully ripened fruits, T3 as Semi ripened & T4 as unripened (fully green) and seeds were sown on petri dish  with five replications of 20 seeds each by Randomized block design (CRD) under Laboratory condition. In all parameters, seed maturity indices- ground collection and fully ripened seeds showed significant results with respect to germination percentage, germination capacity, sedling vigour index, collar diameter and height.
TAS‐115 inhibits PDGFRα/AXL/FLT‐3 signaling and suppresses lung metastasis of osteosarcoma
Authors: Yasuda Naohiro , Takenaka Satoshi , Nakai Sho , Nakai Takaaki , Yamada Shutaro , Imura Yoshinori , Outani Hidetatsu , Hamada Kenichiro , Yoshikawa Hideki , Naka Norifumi
Published: March 2020

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in adolescence and childhood. Metastatic osteosarcoma has a poor prognosis with an overall 5‐year survival rate of approximately 20%. TAS‐115 is a novel multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is currently undergoing clinical trials. Using the mouse highly lung‐metastatic osteosarcoma cell line, LM8, we showed that TAS‐115 suppressed the growth of subcutaneous grafted tumor and lung metastasis of osteosarcoma at least partially through the inhibition of platelet‐derived growth factor receptor alpha, AXL, and Fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 phosphorylation. We also show that these signaling pathways are activated in various human osteosarcoma cell lines and are involved in proliferation. Our results suggest that TAS‐115 may have potential for development into a novel treatment for metastatic osteosarcoma.
Examples, practice problems, or both? Effects on motivation and learning in shorter and longer sequences
Authors: van Harsel Milou , Hoogerheide Vincent , Verkoeijen Peter , van Gog Tamara
Published: March 2020

Research suggests some sequences of examples and problems (i.e., EE, EP) are more effective (higher test performance) and efficient (attained with equal/less mental effort) than others (PP, sometimes also PE). Recent findings suggest this is due to motivational variables (i.e., self‐efficacy), but did not test this during the training phase. Moreover, prior research used only short task sequences. Therefore, we investigated effects on motivational variables, effectiveness, and efficiency in a short (Experiment 1; four learning tasks; n = 157) and longer task sequence (Experiment 2; eight learning tasks; n = 105). With short sequences, all example conditions were more effective, efficient, and motivating than PP. With longer sequences, all example conditions were more motivating and efficient than PP, but only EE was more effective than PP. Moreover, EE was most efficient during training, regardless of sequence length. These results suggest that example study (only) is more effective, efficient, and more motivating than PP.
Predictors of Smoking Cessation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Two Cohorts: Most Predictive Health Care Factors
Authors: Schletzbaum Maria , Wang Xing , Greenlee Robert , Piper Megan E. , Bartels Christie M.
Published: March 2020

Objective

Recognizing smoking as a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) severity, the present study was undertaken to evaluate patient‐ and health care–level predictors of smoking cessation in patients with RA to guide implementation of smoking cessation interventions.

Methods

Electronic health record data from 2 health systems were abstracted for patients with at least 2 International Classification of Disease diagnosis codes for RA between 2005 and 2016. Patients missing smoking statuses or with <6 months of follow‐up were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors of smoking cessation.

Results

Among 3,577 patients with RA, 507 smoked at baseline, and 29% quit over a median of 4.75 years. Black male patients, ages 40–59 years and enrolled in Medicaid, were significantly more likely to be baseline smokers; however, none of these factors predicted cessation. Instead, patients new to rheumatology care were 60% more likely to quit (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 1.60 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02–2.50]), and patients in the rural community health system were 66% more likely to quit (ORadj 1.66 [95% CI 1.03–2.69]). Seropositive patients were 43% less likely to quit smoking (ORadj 0.57 [95% CI 0.35–0.91]).

Conclusion

Health care factors, including health system and being new to rheumatology care, were more predictive of smoking cessation in patients with RA than patient sociodemographic factors, suggesting an important role for health system cessation efforts for patients with RA. Seropositive patients were less likely to quit and may particularly benefit from cessation support. Emphasizing smoking cessation with new or seropositive RA patients and leveraging health system interventions could improve smoking cessation and outcomes in RA.