bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Job Satisfaction Between Permanent Employees and Outsourcing Employees of PT. Domusindo Perdana
Authors: Virratih Dinda Tira , Widyastuti Widyastuti
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of employees who feel they lack the rights as employees in the company.This study aims to determine differences in job satisfaction between permanent employees and outsourced employees of PT. Domusindo Perdana. This research is a comparative quantitative study. The population in this study was 1,242 employees. This study uses a sample of 200 employees with details of 100 permanent employees of PT. Domusindo Perdana and 100 outsourced employees of PT. Domusindo Perdana. The sampling technique used in this study is quota sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study used a job satisfaction scale consisting of 41 items. The hypothesis in this study is that there are differences in job satisfaction between permanent employees and outsourced employees of PT. Domusindo Perdana. The results in this study indicate that the value of permanent employee job satisfaction (mean rank: 130.78) is higher than the value of outsourcing employee satisfaction (mean rank: 70.22) with a significance value of 0,000 <0.05 which indicates that there are differences in satisfaction work between permanent employees and outsourcing employees of PT. Domusindo Perdana.
Schedule maintenance and repair system of Locomotive
Authors: Valiev M.Sh  , Kosimov H.R
Published: August 2021

To increase the efficiency and reliability of locomotives, it is necessary to constantly monitor the operation process. The introduction of modern automatic control and monitoring systems on locomotives is not only a departure from the established state of the equipment, but also an effective and efficient way of processing measurement information that can detect changes in the technical condition of key parts.
Study of the influence of the heat transfer coefficient on the evaporation process
Authors: Musaeva R.X  , Musaeva N.X  , Solieva O.K
Published: August 2021

This paper makes analyses of the study while making comparisons of the influence of the heat transfer coefficient on the evaporation process. The way of the development and research analyses as the whole.
Mobile Radio Streaming Application Using Networked Radio System as a Media Convergence Collaboration Movement for Ponorogo Radio Discussion Forum
Authors: Pristiyo Mochammad Iqbal , Muriyatmoko Dihin , Asy'ari Nur Aini Shofiya
Published: August 2021

The development of streaming radio has been very developed, radio in digital form is also known as internet radio because to access streaming radio you must use the internet media. However, there are several radio stations in Ponorogo that still use conventional radio whose coverage is limited because they use an antenna to reach the signal range, and can only reach local areas because Ponorogo has several highlands and several mountains. This study aims to create a Networked Streaming Radio application so that Ponorogo radio station broadcasts can reach any place that has an internet connection and can accommodate the Ponorogo radio station industry which still does not have an Android-based streaming radio as a media convergence collaboration movement for the Ponorogo radio discussion forum. This research uses the waterfall which consists of five stages, namely: identification, design, implementation, verification, maintenance. Testing this streaming radio application using the black box method shows the application is running well and there are no errors. Testing using 6 different media and resolutions was carried out to find out whether the Ponorogo Radio application could run well on various media/smartphones and different resolutions.
The Effect of Additional Ethanol Steam Temperature Variations on Pertalite Fuel Use on Performance and Efficiency of 4 Stroke Motorcycles
Authors: Saifudin Akhmad
Published: August 2021

The means of transportation that are widely used in Indonesia are vehicles in the form of motorbikes and cars, as well as the increasing dependence on the consumption of fuel oil (BBM).  The impact is that the need for fuel oil is also high.  As a result of dependence on fossil energy this one increases.  Based on the problems that have been raised, a concept has emerged to make alternative fuels that can be used as a fuel mixture or as an alternative to these fuels.  One of the renewable energy sources that can be utilized is ethanol which comes from corn, wheat, and others.  ethanol vapor as a fuel mixture, where the ethanol used is not mixed directly into the fuel.  And by utilizing ethanol vapor, it is also expected to increase the performance and efficiency of motorbikes.  In this study we used a reference concept which was then used as a concept, how to influence additional ethanol vapor temperature variations on the use of pertalite fuel on the performance and efficiency of 4-stroke motorbikes using temperature variations of 400C, 500C, and 600C and variations of valve openings  on the ethanol vapor hose to the intake manifold.  After conducting the test, the results show that the best power is obtained from the addition of ethanol steam at a temperature of 450 full openings when it is at 7973 RPM rotation which shows a power of 31.2 HP and when it is at 5757 RPM rotation which shows a torque of 32.24 N.m.  The best fuel efficiency is obtained from the addition of ethanol steam with a temperature of 450 full openings with a fuel consumption of 1 liter only reduced by 75 ml every 5 minutes of use at the same speed.
Website-Based Sales Information System at One Coffe Point Cafe
Authors: Akbar Dwiki Aulia , Astutik Ika Ratna Indra
Published: August 2021

. Currently the development of technology in the marketing of a product is growing and easy, The amount of competition in the business world requires business actors to develop an innovation and strategy in marketing their products so that they can increase sales results. One of them is by using website media in their marketing process and data processing. With good data processing and marketing, it can be an evaluation for entrepreneurs in their product development and marketing. So that it can reduce unwanted things in the future. The purpose of this research is to facilitate entrepreneurs in marketing and processing data from their business by creating a website-based sales information system. While the method used is the waterfall method where this method has several stages of manufacture from start to finish and in making it is made as attractive as possible. The results of this study are the website can provide all information about the point one coffee cafe to customers and can be accessed anywhere from the device available by the customer.
Website Based E-Commerce Waste Recycling Products
Authors: Setyorini Setyorini , Hidayatullah Syarif , Rachmawati Ike Kusdyah
Published: August 2021

The use of websites and social media as sales engines has begun to develop in line with the advancement of e-commerce. The waste bank is a waste material resource that can be recycled and made into a usable product whose existence has been ongoing until now but does not yet have an online promotional media that suits your needs. Creating a website that is in accordance with the intended flow of needs so that the website can make it easier for waste bank managers to widely market recycled products and reach consumers nationally. Especially at the Garbage Bank Recycling Product Gallery, Mojo Sari village, Malang Regency. The waste bank recycling e-commerce website created will be able to solve customer service problems that have been complained of. The impact is the increased level of customer satisfaction with ease of viewing product information, ease of ordering, and payment processing.
Design of E-Voting Information System for Website-Based Village Head Elections (Case Study : Cemandi Village, Sedati, Sidoarjo, East Java)
Authors: Kurniawan Aditya , Findawati Yulian
Published: August 2021

Voting in a democratic country is an important part of the means of choosing leaders. The village head election process in Indonesia still uses conventional voting methods, namely using ballot paper media in the election process. Voting that is carried out conventionally has several obstacles, including the lack of guaranteeing the authenticity of voters' votes, so that people think the results of voting results are often manipulated. In addition conventional selection is deemed inaccurate and time-consuming and costly. In this study the aim of this research is to design an information system e-voting that can be used for the Election of the Village Head of Cemandi, Sedati, Sidoarjo, East Java, where by using this system the election process becomes easier by ensuring the accuracy of the vote count. This system development method uses the model of software engineering waterfall. The test results blackbox show that the functions of the features in the system are running well. Based on the UAT test, the system received an average percentage rate of 86%.
Web-Based Bag And Luggage Sales Information System At CV. Purnama
Authors: Farid Musyafa’  , Sumarno
Published: August 2021

This study aims to design and create a web-based information system that functions to help manage the sales process at CV. Purnama. This research was conducted in March 2020 at the Informatics Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo and CV. Purnama. This research was conducted using the waterfall method, data were collected through interviews, literature study, and problem analysis. The results of this study are the design and manufacture of Web-Based Bag and Suitcase Sales Information Systems at CV. Purnama which aims to increase promotion and facilitate the operational management in CV. Purnama. This information system has two actors, namely admin as manager of information systems and customers as consumers. Based on this research, the conclusion is that with the sales system (e-commerce), CV. Purnama can facilitate the conventional transaction process to become more modern with the availability of online transactions.
Design of Decision Support System for Food Selection for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Using Weighted Product Method (Case Study: Puskesmas Temon II Kulon Progo)
Authors: Nur Afifah Amalia , Firdonsyah Arizona
Published: August 2021

DM is known as cardiovascular disease, but DM is also one of the main causes of kidney disease and blindness under 65 years of age, as well as amputation. DM is also a cause of amputation (which is not caused by trauma), disability, and death. Another effect of diabetes is to reduce life expectancy by 5-10 years. The life expectancy of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who suffer from serious mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, is even 20% lower than the general population. The method to be used is the Weighted Product (WP) method. This method is used because the WP is one of the preferred methods for solving complex problems and can produce structured calculations. The ranking result states that the alternative Tempe Boiled with a value of 0.136 is the best suggestion for the user.
Building a Website Based Gemstone Authenticity Certificate Information System
Authors: Arga Pradana  , Suprianto
Published: August 2021

In practice, the Gems Identification Laboratory (GIL) process of recording gemstone authenticity certificates is still manually and data only stored on hard disk, making it easier to create fake certificate. because the certificate can be printed by anyone, and the certificate code cannot be verified by the gemstone buyer or user, when the user buys gemstones outside the area from the Lab location. User must also send a short message to the admin to verify the authenticity of the certificate document printed by the Lab. The method used in this study uses observational data collection. The system was tested using XAMPP software. The results of this study are a website based gemstone authenticity certificate information system that can make it easier for users to check certificates anywhere by using a code that will be traced on the website without having to come to the Lab. Lab admins can also input and save certificate data in the admin menu.
Effect Of Rotor Blade Wing Tip On Wind Turbine Performance Using Naca 0018 Blade
Authors: Mas'ud Ibnu , Firdaus Rachmad
Published: August 2021

Indonesia currently has a growing need for energy, this will experience an energy crisis, dependence on fossil fuels will at least have a serious threat, therefore there must be alternative energy as a substitute and reserve such as wind energy, water energy, solar energy, and other. This study aims to develop a wind power plant as an alternative source to produce electrical energy, namely a wind turbine. This tool is used to meet energy needs and also as an alternative energy so that fossil fuels will not run out. Because Indonesia is an archipelagic country and is located on the equator, Indonesia is a country that has abundant resources, one of which is wind. Wind turbine is a tool that functions to convert wind power into mechanical power in the form of a shaft rotation, this shaft rotation is then used for power generation or for water pumps. Therefore I tried to develop my ideas to utilize abundant natural resources to be used as a source of electrical energy by means of a wind turbine using a Naca 0018 blade. This study aims to determine the effect of the number of blades, the effect of profiles, the effect of the wing tip of the rotor blades. , naca 0018, and the resulting energy efficiency. This study uses the type of experimental research.
Application of Sequential Quadratic Programming Based on Active Set Method in Cleaner Production
Authors: Xia Li , Ling JianYang , Xu Zhen , Bi Rongshan , Zhao Wenying , Xiang Shuguang
Published: August 2021

On the platform of general chemical process simulation software(it was named Optimization Engineer, OPEN), a general optimization algorithm for chemical process simulation is developed using C++ code. The algorithm is based on Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). We adopt the activity set algorithm and the rotation axis algorithm to generate the activity set to solve the quadratic programming sub-problem. The active set method can simplify the number of constraints and speed up the calculation. At the same time, we used limited memory BFGS algorithm (L-BFGS) to simplify the solution of second derivative matrix. The special matrix storage mode of L-BFGS algorithm can save the storage space and speed up the computing efficiency. We use exact penalty function and traditional step-size rule in the algorithm. These two methods can ensure the convergence of the algorithm, a more correct search direction and suitable search step. The example shows that the advanced optimization function can meet the requirements of General Chemical Process Calculation. The number of iterations can reduce by about 6.0% . The computation time can reduce by about 6.5% . We combined this algorithm with chemical simulation technology to develop the optimization function of chemical engineering simulation. This optimization function can play an important role in the process optimization calculation aiming at energy saving and green production.
Utilization of Dental Services and Health Literacy by Older Seniors during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Weber Sophia , Hahnel Sebastian , Nitschke Ina , Günther Elena , Rauch Angelika
Published: August 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the utilization of dental services by older seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate their ability of finding, understanding, and using information on COVID-19.Methods: At the end of February 2021, a survey addressing demographic characteristics of the participants, (pain-associated) utilization of dental services, worries regarding a potential COVID-19 infection, the individual use of protective masks, and difficulties regarding the access to information on COVID-19 (by using the modified European Health Literacy Questionnaire [HLS-EU-Q16]) was developed. It was sent to all patients of the Dental Clinic of University of Leipzig who were either 75, 80, or 85 years old (n=1228). Participation was voluntarily and anonymously; questionnaires had to be returned within six weeks, no reminders were sent.Results: Of the 439 replies (response rate 35.7%), twelve were excluded from data extraction due to disinterest, dementia, or lack of age information. Of the older seniors, 81.5% (n=348) had utilized at least one dental examination and 54.2% of the dentulous patients (n=199) had attended at least one dental hygiene appointment within the past year. Up to 55.8% of all participants said it was “difficult” or “very difficult” to find, understand, and use information on COVID-19, especially when judging reliability of information presented in the media, which was especially true for seniors with assigned care levels presenting odds ratios up to 5.30.Conclusions: The investigation revealed a frequent utilization of dental services by older seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic. As they had difficulties with finding, using, and understanding information required to acquire or maintain a good health status, dental prevention measures and education about health issues for this vulnerable group should be improved, especially for those with assigned care levels.
Baseline Socio-Demographic and Mortality Profile of a Peri-urban Coastal Community in Karachi, Pakistan Before the Introduction of a Comprehensive Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Intervention Package
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad , Nayani Kanwal , Muhammad Ameer , Shafiq Yasir , Baloch Benazir , Adamjee Rehan , Jehan Fyezah , Ahmed Imran , Muhammad Sajid , Muhammad Sajid , Nisar Muhammad Imran
Published: August 2021

Objective Pakistan has the highest neonatal mortality rate and one of the highest under-5 mortality rates in the world, at 42 deaths and 74 deaths per thousand live births respectively. We undertook implementation of an evidence-based maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) intervention package to reduce under-five mortality in Rehri Goth, a peri-urban coastal community on the outskirts of Karachi, Pakistan. This paper aims to present the socio-demographic and under-5 mortality profile of Rehri Goth prior to implementation of the intervention package. We conducted a detailed census of all households on socio-demographic variables. ResultsOver the course of the census period, 6,962 households were visited. The total population of Rehri Goth was found to be 42,980. The male to female ratio was 52:48. Among adults aged 15 years and above, 67.1% had no formal education. The neonatal mortality and under-five mortality rates were 59 and 109 deaths per 1,000 live births respectively. Rehri Goth has a baseline child mortality rate that is higher than the national average in Pakistan. This provides an opportunity to deliver an evidence-based, targeted MNCH package to reduce child mortality.
Correlation Between Parity and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Women Aged 40 Years and Older: The Reaction Study
Authors: Xie Qian , Xu Haoran , Wan Qin
Published: August 2021

Aims
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the number of live-birth pregnancies and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese women according to menstruation history.
Methods
Registry data for all pregnancies in a cohort of 6157 Chinese women aged 40 years or older were obtained and the number of live-birth pregnancies were enumerated. We defined MetS using five criteria: impaired insulin metabolism and glucose tolerance, obesity in the abdominal area, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess potential risk factors for MetS. Postmenopausal women with three or more of live-birth pregnancies had the highest prevalence of MetS (P < 0.05).
Results
Among the 6157 females aged 40 years or older in Luzhou city, 2143 (34.8%) participants had incident MetS. The number of live-birth pregnancies was significantly correlated with age and fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (P < 0.05). The prevalence of MetS increased with the number of live-birth pregnancies (P < 0.01), and the frequency in postmenopausal women was significantly higher than that in premenopausal women (P < 0.001). In the binary logistic regression model, menopausal status [OR = 0.343 (0.153–0.769), P < 0.001] were significantly associated with an increased risk of MetS.
Conclusions
The number of live-birth pregnancies is correlated with an increased risk of MetS in Chinese women aged 40 years and over, especially in postmenopausal women. Greater attention should be paid to postmenopausal women who have had multiple live-birth pregnancies with a view to intervening early to prevent related diseases.
Block Chain Based Robust Image Watermarking Using Edge Detection And Wavelet Transform
Authors: Mannepalli Praveen Kumar , Richhariya Vineet , Gupta Susheel Kumar , Shukla Piyush Kumar , Dutta Pushan Kumar
Published: August 2021

Image protection is essential part of the scientific community today. The invisible watermark is widely being used in past to secure the medical imaging data from copyright protection. In this paper novel hybrid combination of the invisible image watermarking and the Blockchain based encryption is proposed to design. The watermarking is implemented using edge detection (ED) of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) coefficient. The medical image is decomposed using L level DWT transform to generate multi-resolution coefficients. The edge detection is applied to HH wavelet band to generate the edge coefficients. To improve robustness difference of dilation and edge coefficient are used for watermark embedding. The watermark image is encrypted using Blockchain based hash algorithm for medical images. Then at the decoding end first decryption is achieved and then image is reconstructed. The results are sequentially presented for both stages. The PSNR performance is compared with additional level of security.
Genome Survey of Misgurnus Anguillicaudatus to Identify Genomic Information, Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers and Mitochondrial Genome
Authors: Huang Guiyun , Cao Jianmeng , Chen Chen , Wang Miao , Liu Zhigang , Gao Fengying , Yi Mengmeng , Chen Gang , Lu Maixin
Published: August 2021

The dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is an important economic species in Asia because of its nutritional value and broad environmental adaptability. Despite its economic importance, genomic data from M. anguillicaudatus was unavailable. In the present study, we conducted a genome survey of M. anguillicaudatus using next-generation sequencing technology. Its genome size was estimated to be 1105.97 Mb by using K-mer analysis, and its heterozygosity ratio, repeat sequence content, GC content were 1.45%, 58.98%, and 38.03%, respectively. A total of 376,357 microsatellite motifs were identified and mononucleotides, with a frequency of 42.57%, were the most frequently repeated motifs, followed by 40.83% dinucleotide, 7.49% trinucleotide, 8.09% tetranucleotide, and 0.91% pentanucleotide motifs. The AC/GT, AAT/ATT, and ACAG/CTGT repeats were the most abundant motifs among dinucleotide, trinucleotide, and tetranucleotide motifs, respectively. Besides, a complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced. Based on the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, M. anguillicaudatus in this study was the “introgressed” mitochondrial type. Furthermore, a total of 376,357 SSR motifs were detected from the genome survey assembly. Seventy microsatellite loci were randomly selected from these SSR loci to test polymorphic, of which, twenty microsatellite loci were assessed in 30 individuals from a wild population. The number of alleles (Na), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and expected heterozygosity (He) per locus ranged from 7 to 19, 0.400 to 0.933, and 0.752 to 0.938, respectively. All twenty loci were highly informative (PIC > 0.700). Eight loci deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05). This is the first report of a genome survey in M. anguillicaudatus, and genome information, mitochondrial genome, and microsatellite markers will be valuable for further studies on population genetic analysis, natural resource conservation, and molecular marker-assisted selective breeding.
Advances in Purification of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Ectodomain Protein Using High-Throughput Screening and Non-Affinity Methods
Authors: Cibelli Nicole , Arias Gabriel , Figur McKenzie , Khayat Shireen , Leach Kristin , Loukinov Ivan , Gulla Krishana , Gowetski Daniel
Published: August 2021

The spike (S) glycoprotein of the pandemic virus, SARS-CoV-2, is a critically important target of vaccine design and therapeutic development. A high-yield, scalable, cGMP-compliant downstream process for the stabilized, soluble, native-like S protein ectodomain is necessary to meet the extensive material requirements for ongoing research and development. As of June 2021, S proteins have exclusively been purified using difficult-to-scale, low-yield methodologies such as affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. Herein we present the first known non-affinity purification method for two S constructs, S_dF_2P and HexaPro, expressed in the mammalian cell line, CHO-DG44. A high-throughput resin screen on the Tecan Freedom EVO200 automated bioprocess workstation led to identification of ion exchange resins as viable purification steps. The chromatographic unit operations along with industry-standard methodologies for viral clearances, low pH treatment and 20 nm filtration, were assessed for feasibility. The developed process was applied to purify HexaPro from a CHO-DG44 stable pool harvest and yielded the highest yet reported amount of pure S protein. Our results demonstrate that commercially available chromatography resins are suitable for cGMP manufacturing of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein constructs. We anticipate our results will provide a blueprint for worldwide biopharmaceutical production laboratories, as well as a starting point for process intensification.
Characterization and complete genome sequence of bacteriophage vB_Vc_SrVc2, a marine phage that infects Vibrio campbellii
Authors: Lomelí-Ortega Carlos Omar , Martínez-Sández Alexis de Jesús , Barajas-Sandoval Diana , Magallón-Barajas Francisco Javier , Millard Andrew , Martínez-Villalobos Juan Manuel , Arechiga-Carvajal Elva Teresa , Quiroz-Guzman Eduardo
Published: August 2021

Vibrio campbellii is widely distributed in the marine environment and is an important pathogen of aquatic organisms such as shrimp, fish, and mollusks. The emergence of multi-drug resistance among these bacteria resulted in a worldwide public health problem, which requires alternative treatment approaches such as phage therapy. In the present study, we isolated a phage vB_Vc_SrVc2 from white shrimp hepatopancreas with symptoms of AHPND. Phage vB_Vc_SrVc2 is a member of the genus Maculvirus and the family Autographiviridae, with high lytic ability against Vibrio isolates. Phage has a high resistance to a broad range of temperatures, salinity, UV radiation and chloroform. The genome size was 43,157 bp, with a GC content of 49.2% that encodes 49 putative ORFs, no tRNAs, showed three single nucleotide polymorphisms, two small deletions and one nucleotide insertion compared to SrVc9, showing slightly different infectivity profiles.. No lysogeny related genes were detected in vB_Vc_SrVc2 genome. Overall phage vB_Vc_SrVc2 has a good potential for therapeutic use in the aquaculture industry against V. campbellii infections.
Study on Groundwater Recharge Based on Chloride Mass Balance and Hydrochemistry in the Irrigated Agricultural Area, North China Plain
Authors: Zhang Xi , Chen Jiansheng , Zhan Lucheng , Ma Fenyan , Yan Jiaheng , Wang Tao
Published: August 2021

In the North China Plain, water shortage seriously restricts economic development, and agricultural irrigation depends heavily on groundwater extraction. Irrigation water and precipitation may directly recharge to groundwater in the irrigated agricultural region. Therefore, calculating the recharge of precipitation and irrigation to groundwater is essential for the sustainable utilization of water resources. Furthermore, determining the transformation relationship of precipitation-soil water-groundwater is helpful to understand the hydrological cycle process better. The average groundwater recharge calculated by the chloride mass balance method is between 66 and 144mm/yr, accounting for only 7%–17% of the total precipitation and irrigation water. The hydrogen and oxygen isotopes reveal that precipitation only affect soil water in topsoil, and soil water in deep soil is recharged upward by groundwater. Hydrochemical composition of soil water shows high concentrations of solutes in unsaturated zones. Infiltration water dissolves solutes through the unsaturated zone and brings them into the shallow groundwater, causing the deterioration of shallow groundwater quality. Therefore, reducing the recharge of precipitation and irrigation to groundwater by controlling the groundwater level and the intensity of single irrigation is recommended to protect groundwater quality. These results contribute to the effective management of groundwater resources and the control of agricultural pollution in groundwater.
Broadband mid-infrared plasmon-polaritons in metallic-dielectric interfaces
Authors: Feres Flávio , Barcelos Ingrid , Bahamon Dario , Levandoski João , Mancini Andrea , Santos Thiago dos , Mayer Rafael , Camargo Davi , Bufon Carlos , Cernescu Adrian , Maier Stefan , Freitas Raul , Maia Francisco
Published: August 2021

We report real-space near-field images of mid-infrared (IR) surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) waves in the insulating/metal/insulating (IMI) heterostructure: hexagonal boron nitride/gold/silicon dioxide (hBN/Au/SiO2). The SPPs are observed in the 750 – 1500 cm-1 (~13.3 – ~6.7 μm) range, feature micrometer-sized wavelengths and propagation lengths (LSPP) exceeding 20 μm at room temperature. Comparatively, real-space mapping of SPP waves in the mid-IR has been shown only in graphene, but with nanometer sized-wavelength and LSPP ~ 10 μm at cryogenic temperatures. Interestingly, we show interference between different polariton types in the IMI since the lower momenta SPPs in the metal surface interfere with higher momenta hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhP) in the hBN top layer creating SPP-HPhP overlapped waves. In agreement with theory, we quantify momentum and damping governing the SPP waves. Tunability is discussed upon changing the IMI heterostructure. Our theory predicts SPP group velocities reaching 20 % of the light velocity in vacuum and 0.2 – 0.4 ps lifetimes. We further demonstrate that the SPP waves interact with SiO2 and hBN phonons in the strong coupling regime. As a general effect of the metal/dielectric interface, the mid-IR SPP waves can be compelling for fast metal-based plasmonics, whilst their ability to strongly couple to phonons can be further explored for enhanced sensing in the mid-IR.
Combined Toxicity of Chlorpyrifos, Abamectin, Imidacloprid, And Acetamiprid On Earthworms (Eisenia Fetida)
Authors: Teng Miaomiao , Zhao Xiaoli , Wang Chen , Zhou Lingfeng , Wu Xiaowei , Wu Fengchang
Published: August 2021

Mixed pesticides have been broadly used in agriculture. However, assessing the combined effects of pesticides in the environment is essential for potential risk assessment, though the task is far from complete. Median lethal concentrations of pesticides as well as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels and cellulose activities were measured in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) individually and jointly exposed to pesticides imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE), chlorpyrifos (CRF), and abamectin (ABM)). A 3:1 mixture of CRF and IMI had additive effects, while a 3:1 mixture of CRF and ACE had synergic effects. The joint effects of ABM with IMI or with ACE were synergistic. As CRF concentration increased, AChE activities were significantly decreased. For high concentrations of IMI, AChE activities under combined CRF and IMI applications were significantly inhibited following increased exposure time. Moreover, the cellulase activities under combined applications of CRF with IMI or with ACE had similar effects. This study provides basic data for scientifically evaluating the environmental risk and safety of combined uses of pesticides.
Constipation, Diabetes, and Split-Dose Regimen Are Associated With Suboptimal Bowel Preparation in Young Patients
Authors: Liu Lexin , Wang Jingbin , Lai Yingzhe , Liu Li , Huang Guoxin , Ma Pengli
Published: August 2021

Background
An increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in young patients has been observed. However, there is little research investigating the factors associated with suboptimal bowel preparation focusing on young patients compared to patients > 50 years.
Aims
We aimed to evaluate the factors associated with a suboptimal bowel preparation in young patients (age ≤ 50 years) using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS).
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 1,980 patients who underwent complete colonoscopy from June 2017 to September 2020. Data regarding demographic and clinical characteristics and bowel preparation adequacy were collected. Furthermore, factors associated with suboptimal bowel preparation were analyzed.
Results
Among our participants, 17.8% demonstrated suboptimal bowel preparation. After adjusting for several factors, multivariate analysis showed that diabetes (OR:0.28; 95% CI, 0.14–0.56, P = .000), constipation (OR:0.20; 95% CI, 0.13–0.29, P = .000), and split-dose bowel preparation (OR:1.69; 95% CI, 1.28–2.23, P = .000) were independent predictors of suboptimal bowel preparation. Additionally, constipation was significantly associated with poor bowel preparation in all colonic segments; on the other hand, diabetes and split-dose bowel preparation were significant on right side of the colon.
Conclusions
Constipation, diabetes and split-dose bowel preparation were significantly associated with suboptimal bowel preparation in young patients.
MiR-30c Plays Diagnostic and Prognostic Roles and Mediates Epithelial–mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Proliferation of Glioma by Affecting Notch1
Authors: Li Mengkao , Liu Wenzhi , Xu Jin
Published: August 2021

miR-30c functions as a tumor suppressor gene in the majority of tumors, including glioma. In our study, we discovered that the expression levels of miR-30c in glioma tissues and plasma prior to operation were lower than that in normal brain tissue following brain injury decompression and plasma in healthy volunteers. The low expression of miR-30c was closely aligned with WHO grade, tumor size, PFS, and OS. Additionally, the miR-30c expression level of tumor tissue was positively correlated with the levels found in preoperative plasma. In cell biology experiments, miR-30c was discovered to inhibit EMT, proliferation, migration, and the invasion of glioma cells. The database of miRNAs target genes, real-time quantitative PCR, western blot, and dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that Notch1 is the direct target gene of miR-30c. The inhibitor and shRNA-Notch1 were cotransfected into glioma cells, which illustrated that shRNA-Notch1 could reduce the enhancement of inhibitors in EMT, proliferation, migration, and the invasion of glioma cells. Therefore, we believe that when utilized as a tumor suppressor gene, miR-23a can inhibit EMT, proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells by directly acting on Notch1 at the post-transcriptional level, and it is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker.
The Potential Risk of Using Historic Claims to Set Bundled Payment Prices: The Case of Physical Therapy After Lower Extremity Joint Replacement
Authors: Steenhuis Sander , Hofstra Geeske , Portrait France , Amankour Fatima , Hijden Eric van der
Published: August 2021

Background One of the most significant challenges of implementing a multi-provider bundled payment contract is to determine an appropriate, casemix adjusted total bundle price. The most frequently used approach is to leverage historic care utilization based on claims data. However, those claims data may not accurately reflect appropriate care (e.g. due to supplier induced demand and moral hazard effects). This study aims to examine variation in claims-based costs of post-discharge physical therapy (PT) utilization after total knee and hip arthroplasties (TKA/THA) for osteoarthritis patients.Methods This retrospective cohort study used multilevel linear regression analyses to predict the factors that explain the variation in the utilization of post-discharge PT after TKA or THA for osteoarthritis patients, based on the historic (2015-2018) claims data of a large Dutch health insurer. The factors were structured as predisposing, enabling or need factors according to the behavioral model of Andersen.Results The 15,309 TKA and 14,325 THA patients included in this study received an average of 20.7 (SD 11.3) and 16.7 (SD 10.1) post-discharge PT sessions, respectively. Results showed that the enabling factor ‘presence of supplementary insurance’ was the strongest predictor for post-discharge PT utilization in both groups (TKA: β=7.46, SE=0.498, p-value<0.001; THA: β=5.72, SE=0.515, p-value<0.001). There were also some statistically significant predisposing and need factors, but their effects were smaller.Conclusions This study shows that enabling factors such as the presence of supplementary insurance can cause historic claims-based pricing methods to potentially overestimate clinically appropriate post-discharge PT use, which would result in a bundle price that is too high. Clinical guidelines and best practice standards should be leveraged more often in bundled payment pricing methods to target this potentially avoidable utilization of care, and to stimulate the implementation of multi-provider bundled payment contracts.
Active/Conductive Layer Stacked Superlattices for Highly Selective CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Duan Junyuan , Zhao Yinghe , Yang Ruoou , Zhao Yang , Wang Wenbin , Liu Youwen , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou
Published: August 2021

Metal oxides are the archetypal CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) electrocatalysts, yet the inevitable self-reduction will enhance competitive hydrogen evolution and lower the CO2RR selectivity. Herein, we propose a tangible superlattice model of alternating metal oxide and sulfide sublayer in which electrons are rapidly exported through the conductive metal sulfide layer to protect the active oxide layer from self-reduction. Taking BiCuSeO superlattices as a proof-of-concept, a comprehensive characterization reveals that the active [Bi2O2]2+ sublayers retain oxidation states rather their self-reduced Bi metal during CO2RR because of the rapid electron transfer through the conductive [Cu2Se2]2− sublayer. Theoretical ccalculations uncover the high activity over [Bi2O2]2+ sublayers due to the overlaps between the Bi p orbitals and O p orbitals in HCOO* intermediate, thus achieving over 90% formate selectivity in a wide potential range from − 0.4 to -1.1 V. This work broadens the horizons of studying and improving the CO2 electroreduction properties of metal oxide systems.
Macrophage-Mediated Tissue Response Evoked By Subchronic Inhalation of Lead Oxide Nanoparticles Is Associated With The Alteration of Phospholipases C And Cholesterol Transporters
Authors: Smutna Tereza , Dumkova Jana , Kristekova Daniela , Vrlikova Lucie , Docekal Bohumil , Mikuska Pavel , Alexa Lukáš , Jedlickova Adriena , Vecera Zbynek , Krumal Kamil , Coufalik Pavel , Vsiansky Dalibor , Zachej Samuel , Buchtova Marcela , Hampl Ales
Published: August 2021

BackgroundInhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO NPs), which are emitted to the environment by high-temperature technological processes, heavily impairs target organs. These nanoparticles pass through the lung barrier and are distributed via the blood into secondary target organs, where they cause numerous pathological alterations. Here, we studied in detail, macrophages as specialized cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response in selected target organs to unravel their potential involvement in reaction to subchronic PbO NP inhalation. In this context, we also tackled possible alterations in lipid uptake in the lungs and liver, which is usually associated with foamy macrophage formation. MethodsFemale mice CD-1 (ICR), as a model organism, were placed into whole-body inhalation chambers and continuously exposed to PbO NPs at a concentration of 0.956 × 106 NPs/cm3 for 11 weeks (24/7). At the end of the exposure period, target organs (lung, liver, kidney, and spleen) were collected for analyses.ResultsThe histopathological analysis of PbO NP exposed lung revealed serious chronic inflammation of lung tissues. The number of foamy macrophages was significantly increased in lung, and they contained numerous cholesterol crystals. PbO NP inhalation induced changes in expression of phospholipases C (PLC) as enzymes linked to macrophage-mediated inflammation in lungs. In the liver, the subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs caused predominantly hyperemia, microsteatosis or remodeling of the liver parenchyma, and the number of liver macrophages was also significantly increased. The expression of a scavenger receptor CD36 and transporter ABCA1, which are associated with lipid metabolism, was significantly altered in the liver. No microscopic or serious functional kidney alterations were detected after subchronic PbO NP exposure and CD68 positive cells were present in the physiological mode in the interstitial tissues. ConclusionOur study determined the association of increased cholesterol and lipid storage in targeted tissues with the alteration of scavenger receptors and phospholipases C after subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs and uncovered processes, which contribute to steatosis in liver and foamy macrophages in lungs.
Photoelectric Characterization of Intended Source UTBB 1T FDSOI Based Image Sensor
Authors: Rao Nitu , Mishra Vimal Kumar
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the photoelectrical performance evaluation of proposed intended source Ultra Thin Body Bias (UTBB) 1T-FDSOI based image sensor and also a comparative analysis has done with conventional 1T-UTBB based image sensor [1]. The photoelectrical conversion in proposed image sensor is achieved by utilizing back biasing in intended source UTBB FDSOI based MOSFET. In the proposed intended source Ultra Thin Body Bias (UTBB) 1T-FDSOI based image sensor, the photoelectrical conversion is done within the substrate region (well region) and that signal is read out by MOSFET placed on SOI substrate. The comparative analysis between proposed image sensor and conventional 1T-UTBB based image sensor has performed on the basis of various parameters such as back-bias voltage, thickness of buried oxide (BOX) layer and doping concentration. In this investigation the proposed image sensor has found better light sensitivity in contrast with conventional image sensor. The performance evaluation of proposed image sensor has done by TCAD simulations.
DTR in Winter Wheat Growing Regions of China: CMIP6 Models Evaluation and Comparation
Authors: Xie Wenqiang , Wang Shuangshuang , Yan Xiaodong
Published: August 2021

Winter wheat is widely planted in China. The changes of winter wheat yield and quality are related to the food security of human society. Climate change has an important impact on the yield and quality of winter wheat. Diurnal temperature range (DTR) is an important factor affecting the yield and protein content of winter wheat. Furthermore, climate model is one of the main sources of error in crop model simulations of yields. Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of climate data has become an important concern for scholars.Previous model evaluations for the entire country or region cannot answer which model is suitable for the estimation of future winter wheat yield. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of climate models to simulate DTR within the range of winter wheat growing regions in China to identify the most suitable climate models for winter wheat yield and quality projections. The results show that CMIP6 models can basically reproduce the DTR of winter wheat-growing regions in China, but there are discrepancies in the simulations between nationwide and winter wheat-growing regions. EC-Earth3-Veg has the best simulation of climate DTR for wheat-growing regions (TS=0.848) and nationwide (TS=0.842), and ACCESS-CM2 has the strongest ability to simulate the annual growing season DTR (TS=0.46). In summary, in the estimation of future winter wheat yield, attention should be given to the selection of models suitable for the actual growing regions and the growing seasons of winter wheat.
Estimation of Autophagy Activity By Evaluating Possible MicroRNA Biomarkers and FOXO1 mRNA Level in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Zehtabi Mojtaba , Khamnei Amir Mahdi , Salehi Siamak , Akbarpour Zahra , Roosta Yousef , Valizadeh Sepehr , Raeisi Mortaza
Published: August 2021

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Despite nearly three-fold increase in incidence over three decades, the mortality rate remains unchanged. Biomarkers related to early diagnosis and prognosis of PTC are poorly investigated. Autophagy pathways and related miRNAs is considered to play an important role in PTC pathophysiology.Methods and Results: Tissue samples from patients with PTC undergoing thyroidectomy were collected. Total RNA content of tumor and margin samples were purified and converted to cDNA. Gene expression levels of mRNA (FOXO1) and miRNAs (miR-30d-5p, miR- 182-5p and miR-183-5p) were evaluated using qPCR method in PTC and adjacent normal tissue. A 6.51-fold decrease in miR-30d-5p level was detected in tumor samples compared to adjacent tissues. Moreover, miR-182-5p and miR-183-5p (FOXO1 as the main target) showed 1.73- and 4.31-fold increases in their levels, respectively. We also observed a 2.66-fold decrease in FOXO1 mRNA level in relation to these miRNA fold changes indicating a possible correlation between autophagy-linked molecular events and PTC.Conclusions: Significant increase in miR-183-5p and miR-182-5p expression, as well as a decrease in FOXO1 and miR-30d-5p expression, suggest that PTC has active autophagy machinery. This can possibly be used as a novel diagnostic or prognostic biomarker.