bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Canlı vericili karaciğer transplantasyonu öncesi intraoperatif olarak ölçülen greft ağırlığının tahmininde bilgisayarlı tomografinin rolü
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Mustafa , ÖZER Halil , DÜZKÖYLÜ Yiğit , ÖKTEN Rıza Sarper , ÖZDEMİR Fatma Ayça Edis
Published: October 2019

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı canlıdan karaciğer transplantasyonunda greftin değerlendirilmesinde bilgisayarlı tomografi ile ölçülen tahmini greft volümünden korreksiyon faktörü kullanılarak hesaplanan tahmini greft ağırlığı ile gerçek greft ağırlığının karşılaştırılması ve bu korreksiyon faktörünün efektivitesinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2009-Temmuz 2015 tarihleri arasında 42 canlı karaciğer donörünün (20 kadın, 22 erkek; ortalama yaş, 42.23 yıl±17.25 (18-52) dinamik kontrastlı hepatik bilgisayarlı tomografi kesitlerinden elde edilen veriler retrospektif olarak tarandı. Donörler, karaciğer nakli için karaciğer sağ lob rezeksiyonu yapılan sağlıklı erişkinlerdi. Bilgisayarlı tomografi ile ölçülen tahmini greft volümü (cc) Lemke ve arkadaşlarının formülü (tahmini greft ağırlığı (g): 0.678 x tahmini greft volümü (cc) +143.704 g) kullanılarak tahmin edildi. Tahmini greft ağırlığı ile gerçek greft ağırlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamak için Pearson korelasyon testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Ameliyat öncesi ortalama karaciğer hacmi 918.265 (580-1230) cc idi. Ameliyat öncesi tahmini greft ağırlığı ve gerçek greft ağırlığı ortalama ağırlıkları sırasıyla 818.119 (550-1171) gr, 790.359 (505-1150) gr ölçüldü. Gerçek greft ağırlığı ile preoperatif tahmini greft volümü arasında istatistiksel bir ilişki yoktu. Ancak gerçek greft ağırlığı ile preoperatif tahmini greft ağırlığı arasında güçlü bir istatistiksel ilişki tespit edildi. Pearson korelasyon analizi sonuçları güçlü bir korelasyon gösterdi (r = 0.98, p <0.001) ve regresyon modelinin sonucu bu bulguyu destekledi (p <0.0001). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak canlıdan karaciğer naklinde greftin değerlendirilmesinde bilgisayarlı tomografi ile ölçülen volümün gerçek ağırlıktan farklı olduğu, Lemke ve ark.’nın geliştirdiği formülün aktüel ağırlığı tahminde yeterli ve etkili olduğu tespit edildi.
Calidad de vida y trabajo
Authors: Ordóñez-Hernández Cecilia Andrea
Published: October 2019

La OMS define la salud como “completo bienestar físico, mental y social y no solamente la ausencia de enfermedad”. Desde el punto de vista social, en este concepto se reconoce la influencia de factores externos y determinantes en la salud que deben ser considerados y adecuadamente atendidos. La salud ocupacional por su parte debe proteger la salud de los trabajadores a través de la promoción de ambientes seguros, pero también a favorecer y habilitar a los trabajadores de posibilidades sociales y productivas que le permitan un desarrollo humano y profesional.El presente volumen de la Revista Colombiana de Salud Ocupacional presenta dos artículos de investigación que dirigen su atención en la influencia de los factores extra laborales, las variables y condiciones sociodemográficas en la capacidad de trabajo y el estrés laboral y uno que evalúa el impacto sobre la calidad de vida de los trabajadores con enfermedades respiratorias laborales.
Study of fetal 2D echo in pregnant women with diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hatkar Priti A.
Published: October 2019

Background: Diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy is an important public health issue. Present study was done to study incidence of abnormal foetal 2D echocardiography in women with diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus and to know their obstetric outcome.Methods: It is a prospective, observational study, which includes 80 patients. It was conducted at our tertiary care centre after the approval by ethics committee, and the results were analysed.Results: Out of 80 patients included, 77% women had GDM and rest 23% had DM. In this study, all patients had fetal 2D echocardiography done. 3 patients had report suggestive of congenital heart disease in the fetus. 1 of them was suggestive of TAPVC, 1 was suggestive of enlarged right atrium, 1 report was suggestive of VSD. Two of the abnormal fetal 2D echocardiography diagnosis of TAPVC and VSD was confirmed by neonatal 2D echo. One baby with Normal antenatal 2D echo had ASD on post-natal evaluation. The baby with antenataly enlarged right atrium had no cardiac anomaly on post-natal evaluation.Conclusions: Incidence of DM/GDM is increasing. As baby is likely to have congenital anomalies, out of which cardiac anomalies are most common, fetal echocardiography is a well-established, accurate, and safe method for diagnosing congenital heart disease. All the babies with abnormal fetal echocardiography need post-natal confirmation.
Predicting and grading the degree of difficulty of cochlear implant surgery by evaluating temporal bone using high resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Chemburkar Vipul V. , Saluja Gagandeep S. , Shetty Devdas S. , Agrawal Ruchi R.
Published: October 2019

Background: The current study was designed to assess the challenges that arise during cochlear implantation. Hence imaging based grading system, using a structured, 12-point scoring chart was developed with an aim to assess various anatomical factors of temporal bone helpful in contemplating complications involved in surgery and to assess various congenital and acquired abnormalities if detected during scan which can affect cochlear implant surgery.Methods: This was a descriptive study done on 60 patients with sensorineural hearing loss. They were evaluated preoperatively by using HRCT and MRI findings and subsequently underwent cochlear implantation. A 12-point scoring chart was developed based on imaging findings. Surgical times were noted in each case and each imaging point on the scoring chart was correlated with the surgical times.Results: Eleven out of 12 points in the scoring chart proved to be statistically significant in predicting the degree of difficulty of the surgical procedure. One point was not correlating with the surgical timings. Based on the grading system, in the present study, there were 37 patients (61.66%) classified as Grade 1, 16 patients (26.67%) classified as Grade 2 and 7 patients (11.67%) classified as Grade 3.Conclusions: These radiological image findings and its related grading system are relatively easy and quick to assess on readily available pre-operative temporal bone CT scan and MRI. They can form a pre-operative checklist that provides a formalized approach for the surgeons and, in particular surgical trainees, predict and, thus prepare for, potentially challenging cochlear implant cases.
Double trouble: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a child with Dengue fever
Authors: Wade Minal , Inamdar Nusrat , Bhaisara Baraturam , Mauskar Anupama
Published: October 2019

The epidemic of Dengue is steadily increasing in more than 100 endemic countries. During critical phase, of this disease, shock with organ dysfunction and severe bleeding, can occur. Rarely, it can be further complicated by Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which results from aberrant activation of immune mechanism. HLH is a rare, frequently fatal if untreated condition. It challenging to diagnose because initial symptoms mimic other conditions which are more common. Dengue induced Secondary Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), may be responsible for severe form of Dengue with adverse outcomes. We describe a case of an infant, with Dengue fever whose clinical situation deteriorated after being stable during initial phases of illness due to development of Secondary Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). The child had persistent fever, anemia, hepatomegaly with deranged coagulation which directed towards diagnosis of Secondary Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We discuss the features of our case and its management to sensitize the clinicians to consider this condition in patients with severe Dengue fever.
KAFKASYA’DA RUS İDARİ YAPILARI (1785-1845)
Authors: AYCAN TAŞCI Tekin
Published: October 2019

16. yüzyılda Kafkasya’ya nüfuz eden Rus Devleti’nin bölgedeki ilk idari yapıları 18. yüzyıldan itibaren burada inşa edilen kaleler ile ortaya çıktı. Bu kaleler, Rus Kazakları ile Rusya’ya bağlılık bildiren halkların yönetimini üstlendi. Rusya’nın, 1774 Küçük Kaynarca Antlaşması ile Kuzey Kafkasya’daki hâkimiyetini hukuki boyuta taşıması ve 1783’te Gürcistan’ın himayesini üstlenerek Güney Kafkasya’ya nüfuz etmesi Kuzey Kafkasya’da imparatorluk taşra idaresinin kurulmasını zaruri hale getirdi. Böylece, ülke genelinde uygulamaya konulan II. Yekaterina’nın guberniya reformu kapsamında, Kuzey Kafkasya, Rus idare sistemine dâhil edildi. Fakat bölgede kurulan idari yapı kalıcı olmadı. İlk önce taşra teşkilatına dair imparatorluk genelinde yapılan yeni düzenleme, ardından da Rusya’nın sınırlarını Güney Kafkasya’ya genişletmesine bağlı olarak Kafkasya’daki Rus idaresinde değişikliklere gidildi. 1845 yılına kadar Kafkasya’da uygulanan idari yapılar, bazı istisnalar dışında genel itibarıyla yerel şartlar göz ardı edilerek imparatorluk taşra idaresinin bölgede tatbiki şeklinde kendini gösterdi. 1785-1845 yılları arasında Kafkasya'daki Rus idari yapılarının ele alındığı bu çalışmada Rusça arşiv belgeleri başta olmak üzere birinci el kaynaklar ve tetkik eserlerden faydalanılmıştır.
TONYALI AHMED EFENDİ VE RİSÂLE-İ AHVÂL-İ ÂHİR ZAMÂN MESNEVİSİ
Authors: TAŞKESENLİOĞLU Lokman
Published: October 2019

19. yüzyıl, yaşanan büyük siyasi ve sosyal buhranlara
rağmen pek çok şairin yetiştiği ve çok fazla sayıda eserin kaleme alındığı bir
dönemdir. Tonyalı Ahmed Efendi de son dönem divan şiiri geleneği çerçevesinde
mesnevi tarzında eser vermiş az bilinen şahsiyetlerden biridir. Risâle-i
Ahvâl-i Âhir Zamân ise onun kaynaklarda belirtilen tek eseridir. İstanbul’da
birkaç kez basılmasından, yazıldığı dönemde oldukça rağbet gördüğü anlaşılan
eser ve müellifi hakkında maalesef kaynaklarda yeteri kadar bilgi
bulunmamaktadır. Fakat eserin, ahir zamanda toplumda ortaya çıkan aksaklıklara
dikkati çekmek, ahlaki ve dinî konularda topluma öğütler vermek için yazıldığı,
bu nedenle de sade bir dille kaleme alınmış olduğu söylenebilir.

Bu çalışmada klasik Türk şiirinin son döneminde mesnevi nazım şekliyle
kaleme alınmış bir nasihatnâme olan Risâle-i Ahvâl-i Âhir Zamân, Latin
harflerine aktarılmış; muhteva, şekil, ahenk, dil ve üslup özellikleri
bakımından incelenmiştir.
In Vitro Efficacy of Listerine Whitening Mouthwash for Color Recovery of Two Discolored Composite Resins
Authors: Kazemi Yazdi Haleh , Nasoohi Negin , Benvidi Mahla
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Color stability of composite resins has a significant role in their durability and clinical service. Considering the increasing use of composite resins and their gradual discoloration, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of Listerine whitening mouthwash for color recovery of two discolored composite resins.
Materials and Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was performed on 20 samples fabricated of Filtek Z350XT (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) and IPS Empress Direct (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) composite resins. Primary colorimetry was performed using a spectrophotometer. The samples were immersed in a coffee drink for 7 days. They were then immersed in Listerine mouthwash for 4 minutes daily for 56 days. After this period, the color change of composite resins was reevaluated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test.
Results: The primary color change of Z350XT after immersion in coffee was 1.6 times greater than that of IPS composite (P<0.0001). The color recovery of IPS and Z350XT after immersion in the mouthwash was 1.06±0.58 (P<0.01) and 2.58±1.65 (P<0.001) units, respectively. The color change of Z350XT after exposure to the mouthwash was 25% (1.4 times) greater than that of IPS (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Both composite resins experienced a clinically unacceptable discoloration after exposure to coffee (∆E>3.3). Filtek Z350XT showed greater color change than IPS. Use of Listerine whitening mouthwash caused significant color recovery in both composite resins.
Dimensional Changes of 3-Unit Implant-Supported Zirconia Frameworks of Two CAD/CAM Systems from Scanning to Sintering
Authors: Alikhasi Marzieh , Ameri Narges , Siadat Hakimeh , Shamshiri Ahmad Reza , Nejati Mohammadreza
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Internal fit of implant frameworks is an important factor determining the long-term success of dental implant restorations. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate dimensional changes of implant-supported zirconia frameworks fabricated by two computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems from scanning to sintering.
Materials and Methods: A master model of a three-unit fixed partial denture was fabricated with two implant abutments. In each CAD/CAM system (AmannGirrbach and Zirkonzahn), the master model was scanned 12 times, and data were saved as Standard Transformation Language files (scanning groups). Using semi-sintered zirconia, 12 real-size frameworks (milling groups) and 12 enlarged frameworks, were sintered (sintering groups) and made by each system. Dimensions of the master model and frameworks in each phase were measured. Dimensional changes (compared to the master model) were calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, independent t-test, and paired sample t-test (α=0.05).
Results: Comparison of the two systems revealed that although dimensional changes were greater in the milling phase of Zirkonzahn, they were larger in the sintering phase of the AmannGirrbach system. Evaluation of fabrication phases revealed greater dimensional changes in the milling phase compared to the other phases in the Zirkonzahn system (P<0.05). However, in the AmannGirrbach system, the values were not significantly different between milling and sintering phases (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the results showed that fabrication phases, CAD/CAM system type and abutment size had significant effects on dimensional changes.
Effects of Calcium Hypochlorite and Sodium Hypochlorite, as Root Canal Irrigants, on the Bond Strength of Glass Fiber Posts Cemented with Self-Adhesive Resin Cement
Authors: Khoroushi Maryam , Amirkhani Najafabadi Maryam , Feiz Atiyeh
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) is currently used as a root canal irrigant. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), as root canal irrigants, on the bond strength of posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement.
Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 40 maxillary central incisors with similar root lengths were decoronated. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups based on the irrigant used: Group 1: normal saline (control), Group 2: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, Group 3: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, Group 4: 2.5% calcium hypochlorite, and Group 5: 5% calcium hypochlorite. Root canal treatments were performed with Gates-Glidden drills and the irrigant corresponding to each group was used upon changing the file and for irrigating the post space. Then, glass fiber posts were cemented by BisCem self-adhesive cement. After applying 1,000 thermocycles at 5-55°C, three samples of the mid-section of each root were prepared: one for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the rest for push-out testing. Data were analyzed with SPSS 23 software using one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey’s test.
Results: The highest and lowest mean bond strengths were recorded in groups 5 and 1, respectively. There was a significant difference between the 5% calcium hypochlorite group and the other groups (P<0.001). The difference between the other groups was not significant.
Conclusion: The use of 5% calcium hypochlorite with self-adhesive cements increases the push-out bond strength of fiber posts to radicular dentin.
Cambios de la estructura corporal y la función renal a través de la vida de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas sin azoemia, comparada con la persona sana
Authors: Cieza Zevallos Javier Antonio
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Determinar si hay diferencia entre la persona crónicamente enferma sin azoemia respecto al sano en: estructura corporal, función renal y hábitos alimentarios. Material y métodos: Personas con participación voluntaria, edades comparables (20-80); índice de masa corporal (IMC) 20-25 kg/m2 y creatinina sérica <1,1 mg/dl. Diseño: comparación de grupos independientes: grupo 1 (n=50): Adultos sanos sin enfermedad alguna conocida o detectada, no consumo de fármacos y calidad de vida satisfactoria y grupo 2 (n=46): Personas con cualquier enfermedad crónica >3 meses. Mediciones tomadas a todos los participantes: peso, talla, agua corporal, grasa corporal y masa magra con balanza de bioimpedancia eléctrica; creatinina y urea séricas, y creatinina, urea y electrolitos en orina de 24 horas. Se determinó el aclaramiento de creatinina (ClCr) y de urea (ClUrea), la ingesta proteica diaria (IDP) y el consumo de sal sódica y potasio diario. El análisis fue realizado como grupos independientes son el software SPSS v.18. Resultados: No hubo diferencias en la estructura corporal de ambos grupos. Hubo diferencia significativa (p<0,05) entre sanos y enfermos en: ClCr (126,6 ± 42,3 y 96,2 ± 48,1 ml/min/1,73m2SC), ClUrea (57,0 ± 25,9 y 44,3 ± 30,7 ml/min/1,73m2SC), creatinina sérica (0,74 ± 0,16 y 0,67 ± 0,17 mg/dl), creatinina urinaria diaria/kg peso (20,5 ± 6,6 y 13,7 ± 6,1 mg/ kg), ingesta diaria proteica (0,89 ± 0,38 y 0,64 ± 0,46 g/kg/día) y consumo diario de potasio (0,89 ± 0,39 y 0,65 ± 0,39 mEq/kg/día). Conclusiones: Las enfermedades crónicas disminuyen tempranamente la función renal, la excreción urinaria de creatinina y limitan la ingesta de proteínas y potasio respecto al sano. Esto ocurre aun cuando la creatinina sérica está en límites normales.
Nivel del magnesio sérico y su relación con el medio interno en pacientes incidentes al servicio de emergencia médica de un hospital general
Authors: Barrios Juárez Luis Enrique , Ortega Bazalar Renzo Javier , Vega Quiñones Juan Carlos , Cieza Zevallos Javier Antonio
Published: October 2019

El magnesio participa en múltiples procesos metabólicos y diversos estudios han mostrado que sus niveles alterados se asocian a enfermedades crónicas, alteraciones del medio interno y en unidades de cuidados críticos, está asociado a mayor mortalidad. Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre el nivel de magnesio sérico y las alteraciones del medio interno, en pacientes incidentes al servicio de emergencia de un hospital general de Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 201 pacientes con medida del magnesio, creatinina y electrolitos séricos, así como gasometría arterial al ingreso a emergencia del Hospital Cayetano Heredia (HCH) durante los años 2017-2018. Se analizó los valores del magnesio sérico y su asociación con las demás variables electrolíticas y clínicas. Resultados: La edad media de la población fue 60,1 ± 20,1 años. El magnesio sérico promedio fue 2,05±0,57 mg/dl. La hipomagnesemia e hipermagnesemia tuvieron una frecuencia de 20,4% y 21,9% respectivamente. La regresión lineal bivariado mostró correlación del magnesio con la creatinina, el potasio, el fósforo, el pH y HCO3-. En la regresión lineal múltiple, sólo el pH se asoció significativamente con el magnesio. En el análisis del magnesio estratificado, el pH mostró la mayor significancia estadística. No hubo relación con la edad, sexo y variables clínicas. Conclusión: El magnesio es una alteración frecuente en la población que acude a la emergencia del HCH y tiene correlación con el bicarbonato, la creatinina, el potasio, el fósforo y el pH; siendo el último la variable más relevante.
Uso de anhidrido carbónico como medio de contraste en la arteriografía y en ultrasonido intravascular en el implante endovascular de prótesis en aneurisma de aorta abdominal en paciente con insuficiencia renal. Reporte de caso
Authors: Bautista Sanchez Fernando , Zuñiga Luna Carlos , Silva Ñaupari Daniel , Cuya Ochoa Wernher , Soto Béjar Oscar
Published: October 2019

El EVAR (endovascular aortic replacement) es una técnica mínimamente invasiva para el tratamiento de los aneurismas de aorta abdominal (AAA). A pesar de ser una técnica muy útil en pacientes complicados, se ve restringida en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA) y en alérgicos a los medios de contraste yodados usados para el procedimiento. El objetivo del reporte fue describir el uso seguro y eficaz de la arteriografía con CO2 combinada con IVUS (intravascular ultrasound) en el implante de prótesis endovasculares para AAA en un paciente con ERCA y alérgico a los contrastes yodados. Se realizó la recopilación de datos de historia clínica para la descripción del procedimiento y resultados postoperatorios. El uso de la arteriografía con CO2 y el IVUS en el EVAR constituye una alternativa útil en pacientes que presentan AAA con ERCA y alérgicos al contraste yodado, con resultado post operatorio adecuado.
“Siliconomas” mamarios por inyección de silicona líquida
Authors: Contreras-Grande Jheferson , Pastor-Gutiérrez Dayana , Salvatierra Guillermo
Published: October 2019

.Mujer de 65 años, sin antecedentes de importancia, fue referida por dolor mamario; al examen físico se encontró mamas de consistencia dura. La mamografía mostró múltiples imágenes nodulares redondeadas de alta densidad de distribución dispersa y generalizada en ambas mamas. En la ecografía se evidenció artefacto en “tormenta de nieve” en ambas mamas. La paciente mencionó posteriormente el antecedente de inyección de silicona líquida en las mamas hace 20 años. Los “siliconomas” aparecen como consecuencia de reacciones granulomatosas a la silicona ya sea por la rotura de implantes o por inyección directa de silicona como en este caso. Recomendamos en estos casos, realizar resonancia magnética, como parte del tamizaje anual, por ser el único método técnicamente, que detectaría un carcinoma infiltrante o in situ de grado intermedio y alto.
Limitada producción científica de la comunidad universitaria: Rol de los incentivos
Authors: Arpita Rojas Andrea Mirella
Published: October 2019

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Síndrome nefrótico en un recién nacido
Authors: Ccorahua-Rios Maycol Suker , Atamari-Anahu Noé , Lezama-Ferro Berioska , Quispe-Curo Rodrigo , Béjar-Yabar Valeria , Yabar-Galdos Gloria Janeth
Published: October 2019

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A Function-as-a-Service Based Fog Robotic System for Cognitive Robots
Authors: Ahn Hyunsik
Published: October 2019

Cloud robotics is becoming an alternative to support advanced services of robots with low computing power as network technology advances. Recently, fog robotics has gained attention since the approach has merit relieving latency and security issues over the conventional cloud robotics. In this paper, a Function-as-a-Service based Fog Robotic (FaaS-FR) for cognitive robots is proposed. The model distributes the cognitive functions according to the computational power, latency and security with a public robot cloud and fog robot server. During the experiment with a Raspberry Pi as an edge, the proposed FaaS-FR model shows efficient and practical performance in the proper distribution of the computational work of the cognitive system.
Sustaining Students’ Identities within the Context of Participatory Culture: Designing, Implementing and Evaluating an Interactive Learning Activity
Authors: Esteban-Guitart Moises , Monreal-Bosch Pilar , Palma Montserrat , González-Ceballos Irene
Published: October 2019

Within the framework of theoretical developments in so-called participatory culture and the context of funds of identity, incorporated within what is known as the funds of knowledge approach, an innovative teaching methodology is implemented that allows students to actively participate in knowledge construction. The project translates into a proposal for educational contextualization and personalization based on the students’ funds of identity, that is, those resources (people, artifacts, places, activities, institutions) they consider to be most relevant and significant to define themselves. Once these have been identified through identity artifacts, such as collages or self-drawings, students link some of these funds of identity to curricular content of the subject and produce a video that shows the results of this academic work. The final product is shared on a YouTube channel containing the videos of all of the students in the class. The phases of the project are described and illustrated. We argue that the proposed teaching and learning project, which is cross-disciplinary in nature, allows for principles such as educational contextualization, funds of identity, and participatory culture to be incorporated into what we call here the funds of identity 2.0 approach, putting it into educational practice.
Initial Research of Mineral Based Anti-Corrosion and Thermo-Resistant Multicomponent Composite Materials
Authors: Asgarov Emil
Published: October 2019

The new approach is to create a multicomponent composite material on a basis of mineral component by defining extreme value of the multi-variable function. It is decided to carry out theoretical analyze first. For theoretical analysis, the effects of component quantity on the parameters (e.g. anti-corrosion and temperature resistance) to be determined by experiments and in all cases the results to be theoreticized by approximation method. Thus, the mathematical formula for the relation of anti-corrosion and temperature resistance with components has been determined. In order to evaluate anti-corrosion and thermo-resistant resistance it is defined multi-variablefunctional relation and with this function it is achieved extreme values on optimum values of each component. The new material is compared to traditional anti -corrosion and thermoresistant material that are common. Currently implemented anti -corrosion and thermo-resistant material doesn't require needs of modern technological expectation. From this point of view anticorrosion and thermo-resistant materials need to have appropriate technical parameters. Traditional anti-corrosion materials basically have one or two components and these materials has protective film layer. Disadvantage of this film layer is whole layer can easily be destructed from weak point. This is due to the fact that traditional materials form film layer in connection areas. Compare with this one the new material has discrete structure. On this basis, the combination of protective and constructive material binding based on adhesion and cohesion. The structure not allows material to be destructed from weak point. Compare traditional thermo-resistant material new material approximately two times lighter than traditional ones. In order to increase the high temperature and corrosion resistance of this material, a multi-component spatial structure is formed.

On a basis of achieved theoretical results optimal quantity of each component is clarified, anticorrosion and thermo-resistant materials are made and tested. For example, 5 components thermoresistant material is tested up to 1500°C and not observed any sigh of destruction. On anticorrosive materials not observed corrosion symptoms. The novelty of the approach is to achieve high quality anti-corrosion and thermo-resistant material by defining an extreme value of the multi-variable function.
Tapered Conductor Installation, A De Novo Optimization of Well Cost in Malaysia
Authors: Jamaldin Fadzril Syafiq , Lee Jin Ming , M Dan Iliyas , Arumugam Sathiaseelan , Lin Wei Nyin , Omar M Afiefe , M Sofian Anas , Nasarudin Khairul Anwar , Damasena Edwin
Published: October 2019

As oil price is getting more volatile these days, O&G operators had to think outside the box and be innovative in optimizing well design that can contribute to reduction in overall well cost. Conductor casing or drive pipe design, is an aspect that was put into spotlist to offer significant cost savings.

Conductor casing string typically uses same pipe size and thickness from surface to the planned setting depth. The design is based on estimated safe working structural load that it will encounter post-installation. One of the design load is from the vortex induced vibration (VIV), an important source of fatigue damage on conductor casing and it will directly affect conductor design ie. Grade, size and wall thickness. As VIV only occurs across pipes in water, the conductor casing joints inside the soil/below mudline are not affected by VIV fatigue damage. Hence, a tapered conductor design was introduced, by combining 2 different conductor wall thickness above and below mudline, based on the VIV exposures across the string.

This paper discusses on the challenges from design, planning to execution stage, in installing the tapered conductor to the setting depths seamlessly, without compromising HSE and well structure, by adopting fit-for-purpose design that contributes to effective cost optimization
Application of Conformance Control Techniques in Tengiz Field
Authors: Yechshanov Ilyas , Zhumagulov Kanat , Tussupbayev Ilyas , Bopiyev Chingiz , Ghomian Yousef , Amangaliyev Bolat
Published: October 2019

Sour Gas Injection project has been successfully implemented in Tengiz field, achieving long term pressure maintenance in the platform area by re-injecting gas with high H2S concentration and improving oil recovery. From the recent gas saturation campaign, sweep efficiency in injection pattern has varied from 10 to 70%, with the highest sweep, as well as most of gas breakthroughs observed in Bashkirian interval. This represents effective and uniform piston like miscible displacement across whole Bashkirian that enhances oil production. Similarly, surveillance monitoring shows that due to higher depletion rate in same Bashkirian, it experiences higher exposure to injectant fluid (sour gas) causing elevated GOR production at surface, whereas, lower intervals remain at near solution GOR with lower sweep efficiency. Such, anisotropy between the upper and lower intervals in terms of reservoir pressure and sweep efficiency creates an opportunity for the development of lower intervals by implementing conformance control technology.

Injectant breakthrough and GOR elevation in SGI wells create additional challenges for TCO, due to limited gas handling capacity at the plant processing facilities. Hence, isolation of Bashkirian will not only stimulate lower intervals to produce, but also, reduce GOR concerns. First pilot workover to isolate Bashkirian in SGI used chemical polymers. Polymers were injected into the formation and provided strong isolation of the target interval. As a result, time-lapse gas saturation logs confirmed significant increase in vertical sweep efficiency across whole Unit-1 intervals, plus lower GOR production lasted for more than 6 years. Completion type variety in existing SGI wells, make application of chemical polymers challenging, therefore, conformance control completions were introduced as an alternative solution. Conformance control liner provides mechanical isolation between compartments for more effective staged acid stimulation treatments and enable potential isolation of unwanted fluids.

This paper will introduce application of various conformance control techniques to alter production in SGI pattern by developing lower intervals and reducing elevated GOR. A gas shut-off campaign was initiated in Tengiz field after a decade of sour gas injection. Case studies will be presented to share challenges and results during planning and execution phases.
Impact of Aquifer Strength on Carbonate Gas Condensate Field Development Strategy, Case Study
Authors: Yeshtay Zhandos , Bekenov Yerlan , Karamergenov Zhasulan
Published: October 2019

Before beginning the development of a carbonate gas condensate field, it is necessary to consider all the technological risks of development, related with pressure dropping below dew point pressure, thus the productivity of the aquifer. The field under consideration is carbonate, where the key words are the conductivity of fracture components, because of advancement of fluids in the pore space and matrix for storage of hydrocarbon reserves with low permeability. The reservoir drive mechanism assumed for this field is gas cycling. There was performed a comparative material balance analysis of aquifer influence with an analog field with similar geology but with differing hydrocarbon saturation, where waterflooding is considered the main drive mechanism. Then sensitivity studies were conducted on a simulation model of the field. It was important to define the strength of the aquifer in the matrix and fracture parts, to determine the aquifer productivity, permeability properties and other parameters. The conclusions were taken into account in the planning the versions of development, and compared with the initial technological indicators. As well as recommendations for improving development strategies.
Pore Pressure and Optimum Mud Weight Estimation Using Offset Wells in Bulla Daniz Field, Azerbaijan: Case Study
Authors: Mirzayev Mammad , Gasimova Sevinj , Gasimov Iftikhar
Published: October 2019

This case study presents a workflow of pore and fracturing pressure estimation and optimum mud weight selection in the wells that SOCAR AQS has drilled in Bulla Field. The optimum mud weight is calculated that incorporates statistical uncertainty inherent in its nature. The method employs Eaton equation to estimate pore pressure. Once pore pressure is estimated, we can calculate fracturing pressure using poisson ratio. We also compare pore pressure with the MDT formation pressure. Some anomalies in MDT formation pressures have been observed. The pressure measurements are highly scattered with a standard deviation of 2177 psi. We use bootstrapping for classification of MDT formation pressure. With the help of this technique, we were able to identify 3 distinct pressure ranges. We can create safe mud weight window for a field of interest, after having drilled a well. Compared with pore pressure, fracturing pressure has higher variance. The estimated median of optimum mud weight is around 14.2 ppg. When we look at offset well mud weights, we see that some wells were drilled with larger mud weights. That is, larger the weight, more money is spent.
A Novel Approach to Refinment Reservoir Proxy Model Using Machine-Learning Techniques
Authors: Zotkin Oleg , Osokina Alena , Simonov Maksim , Alla Andrianova , Sharifov Anar
Published: October 2019

One of the crucial components of any company successful development in the oil industry is the high-quality processing and analysis of a large amount of data for subsequent solving the forecasting and scheduling tasks of the oil, liquid, natural and co-produced wellhead gas production. Under the conditions of rapidly developing IT sphere, the use of machine learning methods is a relevant and a promising direction. However, most of the emerging engineering challenges cannot be solved efficiently by using either only machine learning algorithms or only physical and mathematical models.

Solving the above-mentioned tasks using only one of the approaches is either more labour-intensive (the description of all processes running in the system like in a complete physical/mathematical model), or allows for the possibility of non-physical solutions and high error values (when only machine learning approach is used) in comparison with the combined physical/mathematical and machine learning models.

The proposed hybrid approach allows to eliminate the uncertainties inherent in physical and mathematical models that are difficult to describe analytically by the application of machine learning methods to refine the results.
New Selective Isolation Method of Water Inflows into the Well Using Biologically Active Supplements
Authors: Kazimov Fazil K. , Rzaeva Sabina J.
Published: October 2019

A method for isolating water inflows into the well by blocking high permeability zones with a gel-forming composition based on sodium silicate, including biologically active additives has been developed. Whey is used as a biologically active supplement. As a result of isolation of the watering intervals by the gel-forming composition, low-permeability oil-saturated areas are involved in the development.

The gelation process can be adjusted depending on the concentrations of sodium silicate and whey, as well as the temperature at a certain depth of the reservoir, necessary for isolation. To prevent a premature coagulation process when the formation is saturated with hard formation water, fresh or softened water is pumped in front of the gel-forming composition. When using this technology, the residual resistance factor will reach 3.88, an increase in oil production will be 18.5%.
A Cable-Controlled Zonal Production Technology with Real-Time Monitoring and Controlling
Authors: Yang Qinghai , Wang Quanbin , Yu Chuan , Jia Deli , Li Ming
Published: October 2019

Many oilfields in China have stepped into the high and ultra-high water-cut recovery stage, with the comprehensive water cut (the ratio of the monthly water production to the monthly liquid production) approaching 90%. The injection-production relationship is seen with increasing complexity. Moreover, the commingled production is often adopted in the production well, and the liquid producing structure for the individual well is unclear, which results in the difficulty of the fine matching and adjustment between the injection and production. This paper proposes a cable-controlled real-time monitoring and controlling technology for zonal production. The technique is able to implement continuous monitoring of parameters such as the zonal flow rate, pressure, water cut and temperature through the whole production, and automatically adjust the zonal liquid production rate. The key to this technology is an integrated production regulator. The pressure test range of the regulator is 0–45 MPa and flow rate test range for a single layer lies between 5 m3/d and 100 m3/d. The field testing of the proposed technology has been successfully carried out in Daqing oilfield. There were totally three payzones, and the setting depth of the regulator is of 1050–1105 m. A tracking test for one month, including the downhole flow rate and pressure monitoring, the formation pressure buildup monitoring and the water cut monitoring at the wellhead, was conducted following the construction. The testing result indicates that this technology can accurately capture the downhole production status and effectively control the high-water-cut payzone. With the oil production of the individual well unchanged, the liquid production dropped by 5%–15%. The field practice demonstrates that this technology can effectively improve the waterflooding efficiency, suppress the ineffective water circulation and fulfill the refined development requirement of the oilfield.
Ketamine affects the integration of developmentally generated granule neurons in the adult stage
Authors: Zhao Zhanqiang , Li Bing , Wu Yuqing , Chen Xujun , Guo Yan , Shen Yang , huang he
Published: October 2019

Background
Ketamine has been reported to cause neonatal neurotoxicity in a variety of developing animal models. Various studies have been conducted to study the mechanism of neurotoxicity for general anesthetic use during the neonatal period. Previous experiments have suggested that developmentally generated granule neurons in the hippocampus dentate gyrus (DG) supported hippocampus-dependent memory. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether ketamine affects the functional integration of developmentally generated granule neurons in the DG. For this purpose ， the postnatal day 7 (PND-7) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into the control group and the ketamine group (rats who received 4 injections of 40 mg/kg ketamine at 1 h intervals). To label dividing cells, BrdU was administered for three consecutive days after the ketamine explore; NeuN+/BrdU+ cells were observed by using immunofluorescence. To evaluate the developmentally generated granule neurons that support hippocampus-dependent memory, spatial reference memory was tested by using Morris Water Maze at 3 months old, after which the immunofluorescence was used to detect c-Fos expression in the NeuN + /BrdU + cells. The expression of caspase-3 was measured by western blot to detect the apoptosis in the hippocampal DG.
Results
The present results showed that the neonatal ketamine exposure did not influence the survival rate of developmentally generated granule neurons at 2 and 3 months old, but ketamine interfered with the integration of these neurons into the hippocampal DG neural circuits and caused a deficit in hippocampal-dependent spatial reference memory tasks.
Conclusions
In summary, these findings may promote more studies to investigate the neurotoxicity of ketamine in the developing brain.
Analysis of Affecting Factors on Patient Safety Culture in Public and Private Hospitals in Iran
Authors: khoshakhlagh amir hossein , Khatooni Elham , Akbarzadeh Isa , Yazdanirad Saeid , Sheidaei Ali
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background : Patient safety culture is one of the main components of the quality of health services and is one of the main priorities of health studies. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine and compare the views of healthcare staff on the patients’ safety culture and the impact of effective factors on patient safety culture in public and private hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
Methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 1203 health care workers employed in three public and three private hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Stratified random sampling was used in this study. Data were collected using the Maslach burnout inventory and patient safety culture questionnaire (HSOPSC). IBM SPSS v22 and Amos v23 were used to perform path analysis.
Results : 867 (72.57%) females and 747 (27.43%) males with a mean age of 33.88 ± 7.66 were included. The average percentage of positive responses to the safety culture questionnaire in public and private hospitals was 65.5% and 58.3%, respectively. The strengths of patient safety culture in public hospitals were in three dimensions including non-punitive response to errors (80%), organizational learning—continuous improvement (79.77%), and overall perceptions of patient safety (75.16%), and in private hospitals, were three dimensions including non-punitive responses to errors (71.41%), organizational learning & continuous improvement (69.24%), and teamwork within units (62.35%). The type of hospital and work-shift hours influenced the burnout and patient safety questionnaire scores (P-value <0.05). The path analysis results indicate the fitness of the proposed model (RMSEA= 0.024). The results showed a negative impact of a work shift (β= -0.791), occupational burnout (β= -0.554) and hospital type (β= -0.147) on the observance of patient safety culture.
Conclusion: providing feedback on errors and requirements for the frequent incident reporting, and patient information exchange seem necessary to promote the patient's safety culture. Also, considering the negative impact of the shift work and burnout on patient safety culture, by planning and managing these factors appropriately, correct actions could be designed to improve the safety culture.
Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying taproot thickening in Panax notoginseng
Authors: Li Xue-Jiao , Yang Jian-Li , Hao Bing , Lu Ying-Chun , Qian Zhi-Long , Li Ying , Ye Shuang , Tang Jun-Rong , Chen Mo , Long Guang-Qiang , Zhao Yan , Zhang Guang-Hui , Chen Jun-Wen , Fan Wei , Yang Sheng-Chao
Published: October 2019

Background Taproot thickening is a complex biological process and depends on the coordinated expression of the genes controlled by both environmental and developmental factors. Panax notoginseng is an important Chinese medicinal herb characterized by enlarged taproot as the main organ of saponin accumulation. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of taproot enlargement. Results A total of 29957 DETs were identified during thickening process of P. notoginseng taproot. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that DETs associated wthith “plant hormone signal transduction”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, and “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” were predominantly enriched. Furher functional analysis by integrating DETs expression profiling, endogenous hormone and primary metabolite identified some critical genes (e.g., RNase-like major storage protein, DA1-related protein, Starch branching enzyme I) and primary metabolites (e.g., Sucrose, Glucose, Fructose Malate and Arginine) potentially controlling taproot thickening, and highlighted that hormones crosstalk, transcriptional regulation, homeostasis regulation of sugar and starch, and cell wall metabolism play an important role during thickening process of P. notoginseng taproot. Conclusion These results provide molecular regulatory network of taproot thickening in P. notoginseng and facilitate the characterization of genes responsible for taproot formation in root medicinal plants or crops.
Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and the overall survival of metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Yang Haijun , Lu Jian , Li Dehui , Xu Chuanzhi , Risch Harvey A.
Published: October 2019

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) may be involved in cancer occurrence and progression. However, the prognostic role of serum GGT in pancreatic cancer (PC) survival lacks adequate evaluation. In this study, we aimed to analyze the association between serum GGT measured at diagnosis and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic PC.
Methods: We identified 320 patients with histopathologically confirmed metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) diagnosed during 2015 and 2016 at a specialized cancer hospital in southwestern China. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models were used to determine associations between serum GGT and OS in metastatic PDAC.
Results: Controlled for possible confounding factors, serum GGT was significantly associated with OS: serum GGT >48 U/L yielded a hazard ratio of 1.53 (95%CI: 1.19-1.97) for mortality risk. A significant dose-response association between serum GGT and OS was also observed. Subgroup analysis showed a possible interaction between GGT and blood glucose level.
Conclusion: Serum GGT could be a potential indicator of survival in metastatic PDAC patients. Underlying mechanisms for this association should be investigated.
Bacterial contamination and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of intensive care units medical equipment and inanimate surfaces at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Darge Addis , Kahsay Atsebaha G , Hailekiros Haftamu , Niguse Selam , Abdulkader Mahmud
Published: October 2019

Objective : To determine bacterial contaminants and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from medical equipment and inanimate surfaces.
Results: Of 130 swabs, 115 (88.5%) swabs were culture positive, of which contaminated medical equipment and inanimate surfaces account 70(83.3%) and 45(97.8%), respectively. All the swabs collected from sphygmomanometer, bedside table, computer and computer standing tables were 100% contaminated with bacteria. From the culture-positive swabs, a total of 171 bacterial isolates were identified, out of which 117 (68.4%) and 54 (31.6%) isolates were gram-positive and gram-negative, respectively. Most isolates (82%) were resistant to ampicillin and 13%, 8.6%, and 14% was observed in ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline respectively. Multi-drug resistant was observed in Escherichia coli (72.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (58.7%).