bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Knowledge of Healthcare Professionals on Nutrition and Diabetes Self-management in Type-2 Diabetes Treatment at a Health Facility in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Doriccah Tsatsane , K.E. Hlabyago , C.D. Kabongo
Published: December 2024

Background

Diabetes mellitus remains an important non-communicable disease globally and is rapidly emerging as a major public health problem. The burden of the disease continues to rise, even in sub-Saharan Africa. Healthcare professionals often lack the necessary skills to lead patients through lifestyle modifications and instead depend on pharmacological therapy. Recent studies advocate for the integration of innovative healthcare approaches and the promotion of non-pharmacological treatment in the context of broader education on lifestyle modifications for the management of diabetes and other conditions.

Aim and Objectives

This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of nurses on nutrition and diabetes self-management in treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a community health centre in the Tshwane district.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 53 nurses. A standardized questionnaire was modified to collect data from the nurses working at the health facility.

Results

Most healthcare professionals with lower knowledge scores were not aware of the DM guideline, with a p-value < 0.05. The healthcare professionals with a high knowledge score were not aware of the DM guideline as well. Overall, healthcare professionals working at the CHC had lower knowledge scores on nutrition and self-management of diabetes.

Conclusion

Healthcare professionals showed a notable gap in knowledge pertaining to nutrition and the self-management of diabetes. Promoting the adoption of current diabetes management guidelines and encouraging continued professional development can effectively address knowledge disparities, particularly among professionals with limited experience and diploma-level credentials.
Withania coagulans: Bioactive Compounds and Pharmacological Significance
Authors: Ali Kajim , Hussain Mohd. Kamil , Ali Mujahid , Faheem Khan Mohammad , Akhtar Mohd. Sayeed
Published: December 2024

Withania coagulans has long been used as a health-beneficial medicinal herb in the Ayurveda system of Indian traditional medicine. It is a rich source of steroidal lactone-type compounds known as withanolides. Among the various withanolides, withaferin A, withacoagin, and coagulin A-R are the key compounds that have been isolated from various parts of this medicinal plant for their pharmacological uses. Traditionally, the consumption of whole plants is strongly associated with diabetes. As per the literature survey, the ethanol or aqueous extracts of fruits have been used for their antidiabetic, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cardiovascular protection, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective effects as well as anti-Alzheimer activities. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to highlight the chemical structures of isolated withanolides (1-33) and their diverse pharmacological properties exhibited by different plant parts in the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
Butea monosperma: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Applications
Authors: Rizvi Fahmina , Khan Mohsin Ali , Saquib Mohammad , Khan Mohammad Faheem
Published: December 2024

Butea monosperma, also known as the 'Flame of the forest' or 'Palas' in Hindi, belongs to the important medicinal plant family “Fabaceae.” Its endemic presence in Southeast Asia and India has made it a valuable natural resource. This plant has a variety of medicinal applications, such as being an aphrodisiac, antiinflammatory, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, and many more. The presence of flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, chalcones, and fatty acids in different parts of B. monosperma, including the stem, root, leaves, and flowers, makes it a versatile ingredient in various therapeutic exercises. The stem is the source of (-)-medicarpin, an isoflavone that imparts anti-fungal properties to the plant. Two flavanone compounds, namely butrin and butein (flavanones), have been extracted from B. monosperma flowers and are used as contraceptives. Butein, in particular, exhibits anti-tumor activity that opens doors to curing ovarian cancer. Additionally, butein is an excellent free radical scavenger. The seed oil of this plant can also be used for its bactericidal and fungicidal properties.
Herbal Potentials of Ocimum sanctum (Indian Tulsi): A Wonderful Herb
Authors: Khan Mohd. Aamish , Ali Mohd. Baqar , Saquib Mohammad , Khan Mohammad Faheem
Published: December 2024

Ocimum sanctum has been widely used in many forms of home remedies since the Middle Ages to combat many human diseases. In Indian mythology, it has great significance as a holy or spiritual herb and is recommended in the Ayurvedic system of medicine as a first aid to maintain the health of the heart, eye, liver, and mouth, as well as to cure respiratory, digestive, and skin diseases. It is also used to prevent kidney stones, relieve headaches, fight acne, and reduce fever. Experimental studies have identified it as a highly promising anti-ageing, immunomodulatory, cytoprotective, and anticancer agents. Phytochemical studies have revealed the occurrence of numerous bioactive constituents, such as rosmarinic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, eugenol, carvacrol, linalool, and β-caryophyllene. Several of these compounds have been used in foods, perfumes, dental or oral items, and other products for many decades. It provides the best nutritional supplements as it has a good amount of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. The present chapter evaluates the phytochemical screening, pharmacological significance, and nutritional values of different parts of O. sanctum, suggesting it may be a ready source of many therapeutic agents and nutritional elements of biological importance to combat human ailments.
Ethnopharmacological Properties of Swertia chirayita and Other Species: A Nature’s Treasure
Authors: Fatima Shireen , Verma Mahima , Mishra Prakriti , Siddiqui Zeba , Ansari Irfan Ahmad , Akhtar Mohd. Sayeed
Published: December 2024

Swertia chirayita (Family; Gentianaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant
from the temperate Himalayas and is used in traditional medicine to treat a number of
illnesses, including liver issues, malaria, and diabetes. The medicinal use of S. chirayita
is extensively documented in the Indian Pharmacy Codex, the British and American
Pharmacopoeias, as well as in a number of traditional medical systems, including
Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. This plant's primary distinguishing feature is its bitter
flavor, which arises from the presence of several bioactive compounds that may offer
health benefits to people. Growing demand for this important medicinal plant on a
national and international scale has prompted unethical wild harvesting and
adulteration of the supply. Consequently, there has been a sharp decline in the plant's
population, putting it at risk of extinction. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to
give a summary of recent discoveries in the areas of morphology and distribution,
traditional usages, biotechnology, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, and safety
evaluations of S. chirayita.
Polymeric Hydrogels in Medicine
Authors: Mohite Popat , Munde Shubham , Gokhale Vrushali , Marade Shweta , Chauhan Shreya , Wagh Vaibhav , Suryawanshi Jayprakash
Published: December 2024

This chapter of the book provides a detailed analysis of polymeric hydrogels
in medicine, exploring their different properties, synthesis techniques, and biomedical
applications. Starting with an introduction, it explains the definition and historical
evolution of polymeric hydrogels and their importance in advancing biomedicine. The
chapter then examines the physical characteristics, chemical structure, and responsive
behavior of polymeric hydrogels to provide a foundational understanding. It also
covers different synthesis and fabrication techniques, including polymerization
approaches and various crosslinking methods, as well as advanced techniques such as
microfluidics and 3D printing. The chapter then delves into the biocompatibility and
bifunctionality of polymeric hydrogels, including their interactions with biological
systems and the incorporation of bioactive agents for specific applications. It discusses
their different applications in medicine, from drug delivery systems to wound healing
and tissue engineering, with illustrative case studies. The chapter also addresses the
challenges and solutions related to biodegradability, immunogenicity, and regulatory
considerations, providing a holistic perspective. Finally, it explores future directions
and emerging trends, identifying opportunities for cross-disciplinary collaboration and
integration with emerging technologies. Its objective is to serve as a valuable resource
for researchers, scientists, and professionals, fostering a deeper understanding of
polymeric hydrogels and inspiring further advancements in this dynamic field.
Network Ecology
Authors: Rai Vikas
Published: December 2024

Ecological systems (populations and communities) interact with each
other. These entities can be viewed as networks and ecosystems as ‘networks of
networks’. Ecological networks share common properties with other networks; e.g.,
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). WSNs consist of receivers and transmitters of
information at locations called nodes. These nodes transmit and receive information
with each other in ‘packets’. In the context of ecology, these packets contain material
and energy; e.g., the bird from the bird sanctuary (20 kms away from my residence)
being caught by the cat for food. Elements of network theory which are essential for
applications to ecological networks are introduced. Decisions of animal movements
and observed patterns of movement can be better explored in this framework. Although
these networks have complex architecture, their hierarchical nature admits well-defined
patterns that illuminate mechanisms of functioning of ecosystems. Applications of
network theory would advance the understanding of complex interactions between
species; ‘tangled banks’ of nature.Ecological networks are simulated. These simulation experiments illuminate observed
patterns of movement. A network of social interactions and a network of movement
patterns are explored to know how movement decisions are taken.
Perceptions and Experiences of Caregiver-Employees, Employers, and Health Care Professionals With Caregiver-Friendly Workplace Policy in Hong Kong: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Lee Maggie Man-Sin , Yeoh Eng-kiong , Wong Eliza Lai-Yi , Bai Xue , Yeung Nelson Chun-Yiu , French Catherine , Taddese Henock
Published: December 2024

Background

Caregiver-employees (CEs) for older adults experience a high burden to fulfill their dual roles. Caregiver-friendly workplace policy (CFWP) has been used in many countries to balance employment and caregiving duties, but it is a relatively new concept in Hong Kong.

Objective

This study explored the views and experiences of CEs, employers, and health care professionals regarding CFWP (specifically for older adult caregivers) in Hong Kong.

Methods

This study explored the CFWP-related views and experiences in Hong Kong using 15 in-depth interviews with purposively sampled CEs for older adults, employers, and health care professionals.

Results

Two context-related themes (“lacking leadership” and “unfavorable culture”) were identified with thematic analysis. They explain the absence of CFWP in Hong Kong due to the lack of governmental and organizational leadership, and the additional burden experienced by CEs because of the working culture that underpins work-life separation, overprizing business interest, and unsympathetic corporate attitude. Implicit voice theory was applicable in explaining CEs’ nondisclosure about their status at work due to potential risks. In addition, the two facilitation-related themes (“role struggle” and “inadequate support”) identified in this study exhibit how the dual role had positive and negative spillover effects on each other and the inadequacy of social welfare and health care support systems.

Conclusions

We strongly recommend exploring and adopting potential CFWP in Hong Kong, considering the complexity of factors identified in this study.
Identifying Preferred Features of Influenza Vaccination Programs Among Chinese Clinicians Practicing Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine: Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Zhang Liuren , Chu Linchen , Sundaram Maria E , Zhou Yi , Sun Xiu , Wei Zheng , Fu Chuanxi
Published: December 2024

Background

Achieving high vaccine coverage among clinicians is crucial to curb the spread of influenza. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), rooted in cultural symbols and concepts without direct parallels in modern Western medicine, may influence perspectives on vaccination. Therefore, understanding the preferences of TCM clinicians towards influenza vaccines is of great importance.

Objective

To understand preferences for features of influenza vaccination programs and identify the optimal influenza vaccination program among clinicians practicing TCM and Western medicine.

Methods

We conducted a discrete choice experiment with a national sample of 3085 Chinese clinicians from various hospital levels (n=1013 practicing TCM) from January to May 2022. Simulations from choice models using the experimental data generated the coefficients of preference and predicted the uptake rate of different influenza vaccination programs. Clinicians were grouped by vaccine preference classification through a latent class analysis.

Results

All included attributes significantly influenced clinicians’ preferences for choosing an influenza vaccination program. An approximate hypothetical 60% increase of vaccine uptake could be obtained when the attitude of the workplace changed from “no notice” to “encouraging of vaccination”; there was an approximate hypothetical 35% increase of vaccine uptake when vaccination campaign strategies changed from “individual appointment” to “vaccination in a workplace setting.” In the entire sample, about 30% (946/3085) of clinicians preferred free vaccinations, while 26.5% (819/3085) comprehensively considered all attributes, except vaccination campaign strategies, when making a decision about choosing an influenza vaccination program. Clinicians who practiced TCM, worked in tertiary hospital, or had at least a postgraduate degree exhibited a lower preference for free vaccinations. Clinicians who practiced Western medicine, worked in primary hospital, or had at most a bachelor’s degree had a higher preference for vaccinations in workplace settings.

Conclusions

Offering a range of influenza vaccination programs targeting the preferred attributes of different clinician groups could potentially encourage more clinicians, including those practicing TCM, to participate in influenza vaccination programs.
A telehealth, group-based intervention for birth trauma: A pilot-feasibility and wait-list control trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sundaraja Cassandra , Cosh Suzanne M , Lykins Amy Dianne , Farrell Hayley , Masood Hira , Williams Melanie Kelly , Chaku Jyoti , Turner Joseph , Swamy Anand , Tully Phillip J
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

A traumatic childbirth experience, sometimes referred to as 'birth trauma,' is a woman's experience of interactions and/or events directly related to childbirth that caused overwhelming distressing emotions and reactions, leading to short- and/or long-term negative impacts on a woman's health and wellbeing. Traumatic childbirth experiences can lead to poor mental health outcomes in postpartum women, severely impacting mother-infant attachment, child development, and the overall mental health of the family unit. Currently, there are no early intervention programmes designed specifically for postpartum mothers who experience birth trauma to decrease the likelihood of postpartum depression, anxiety and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This project will assess the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth delivered and early-intervention for this group.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the acceptability and feasibility of a telehealth, narrative-informed group-based early intervention programme for postpartum women in reducing the mental health impacts of having experienced a traumatic childbirth.

METHODS

The intervention is a narrative-informed, group-based therapy delivered via telehealth to postpartum women who self-report having experienced a traumatic childbirth experience in the past six months. Eligible participants were recruited from a specific catchment area (Hunter New England Local Health District) within New South Wales, Australia. The study aimed to recruit a maximum of 16 postpartum women who were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or a waitlist control group. The intervention consists of six weekly sessions, delivered in group format, each lasting 60 to 120 minutes.

RESULTS

The study is currently ongoing, but the results will indicate if this early intervention programme is acceptable and feasible, and if it decreases postpartum mental health symptoms of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is expected to improve understanding of how to support postpartum women who have experienced birth trauma and potentially reduce the burden on mental health services in regional (i.e., semi-rural) and rural Australia.

CLINICALTRIAL

This project was registered prospectively with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR12624000460505p) on 26 March 2024, with a Universal Trial Number of U1111-1305-9340, and has received ethics approval from the University of New England’s Human Research Ethics Committee (Approval Number HE24-054, valid till 1 June 2025).
Value-based Design Recommendations for AI driven Thermography for Breast Cancer Screening (Preprint)
Authors: Poll Anneleen , Sirka Kacafírková Kristýna , De Moortel Lemonie , Verhellen Anouk , Van Rumbeke Nathalie , Jacobs An
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Cancer is an important cause of mortality globally, and its impact can be mitigated through early detection. Despite the efficacy of screening programs, their adoption remains suboptimal. Emerging technologies integrating artificial intelligence (AI) offer possibilities for improving participation in screening, as they are painless and free of radiation. However, AI also elicits ethical questions regarding its responsible use. This study focuses on the value driven solutions proposed by stakeholders for the responsible implementation of AI technology in future breast cancer screening using thermography.

OBJECTIVE

The goal was to generate solutions in the design of technology, the environment and in the behaviors of the future users of the technology aligned with the different values of the stakeholders in relation to this AI driven use case.

METHODS

Three workshops based on the Guidance Ethics Approach were organized with 34 stakeholders in total (n= 8 ex-cancer patients, n= 15 students in healthcare and sports technology, n= 11 participants of post-graduate course on AI for the common good working mainly in governmental context).
Starting from the expected effects of using the technology, values were identified and from those values participants proposed options for action in the specific context of use. Subsequently, a thematic analysis of the qualitative data was performed.

RESULTS

The values that all participants prioritized were 1) effectiveness, 2) efficiency and 3) safety. The options for action they came up with were related to data security, reliability and accessibility (technology), privacy, inclusivity and safety (context) and training and outreach (user).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of the Guidance Ethics Approach on the case of AI in thermal breast cancer screening, enabled to determine in a feasible way the different concrete components for the design of a value driven implementation strategy of AI-enhanced thermography in cancer screening.
Use of a robotic glove combined with a virtual environment to intensify grasping training in individuals undergoing neurorehabilitation after a stroke: A preliminary study on feasibility, safety, intervention effects and satisfaction (Preprint)
Authors: Proulx Camille E. , Higgins Johanne , Vaughan Thomas , Hewko Mark , Gagnon Dany H.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Optimizing rehabilitation intensity using a Robotic-Assisted Hand Rehabilitation Exercise (RAHRE) coupled with a virtual environment is a promising intervention as it aligns with key neuroplasticity principles.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the feasibility, safety, preliminary effects and satisfaction of the two-week RAHRE Program offered as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation.

METHODS

Eleven adults with hand hemiparesis following a recent stroke and undergoing intensive functional rehabilitation were randomized into experimental and control groups. Both groups received conventional rehabilitation therapy over a two-week period. The experimental group received ten additional 30-minute sessions of the RAHRE Program (5x/week) incorporating four hand opening/closing exercises with personalized glove assistance/resistance levels with augmented virtual reality over the same period. Measures of feasibility (i.e., attendance rate, compliance rate, repetitions/session, active training time, therapist verbal cueing and support required), safety (i.e., discomfort, adverse effects) and satisfaction (i.e., satisfaction questionnaire) were collected. Functional outcomes (i.e., ARAT, FMA-UE, BBT, ABILHAND) were also assessed pre- and post-intervention in both groups.

RESULTS

Attendance and compliance rates in the experimental group reached 96% and 95%, respectively. Participants performed a median of 2543 additional movement repetitions during the RAHRE Program (median repetitions/session=260; median active training time of 1478.5 seconds). Minimal therapist verbal cueing and support were necessary for technology use (median glove donning time=46 seconds; median independence achieved in 6 sessions). No abnormal discomfort nor adverse effects were reported. Functional improvements in ARAT, FMA-UE, BBT and ABILHAND were measured in both groups with median score changes for the control and experimental groups of 4.50 and 4.00, and 4.00 and 5.00 for the primary outcomes (i.e., ARAT and FMA-UE), respectively. Excellent overall program satisfaction (median = 5/5) was reported for the RAHRE Program.

CONCLUSIONS

The RAHRE Program, as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation therapy, emerges as being feasible, beneficial, safe and satisfying for adults with hand hemiparesis following a recent stroke. However, careful interpretation of the results remains recommended given the strength of the evidence and future studies providing higher quality evidence are needed.
Perception regarding hypertension treatments and prevention of hypertension complications among individuals with hypertension
Authors: Dewi Trisna Setya , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Ratrikaningtyas Prima Dhewi
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to explore hypertension patients' perceptions about hypertension treatments and preventing hypertension complications.
Method: This study was qualitative and phenomenological. Informants were selected using purposive sampling. The study was performed on 12 individuals with hypertension, three family members of an individual with hypertension, and one health worker. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and a semi-structured interview guide. This study's trustworthiness was achieved using triangulation data sources and member checking.
Results: Informants in this study perceived that hypertension treatments consist of pharmacological and herbal treatments. Informants who stopped taking antihypertensive admitted that they did not feel the effectiveness of antihypertensive and felt more effective with herbal treatments. They were also afraid of the long-term side effects of drugs and thought that herbal treatments had no long-term side effects. The informants who felt the effectiveness of antihypertensive regularly continued the treatment and combined it with herbal treatment. The treatments carried out by the informant aim to prevent complications of hypertension; besides that, the informant also believes that a healthier lifestyle can prevent complications.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of hypertension treatments that individuals feel can affect their' continuation of the treatments they did. The individuals who did not feel the benefits of treatment tend to take another treatment that is considered more effective. Their concern about hypertension complications is the reason for their adherence to both pharmacological and herbal treatment.
ОДЈЕЦИ МОДЕРНЕ: ТЕНДЕНЦИЈЕ У УМЕТНОСТИ ИЗМЕЂУ ДВА СВЕТСКА РАТА И УТИЦАЈ НА ПЕДАГОШКЕ ПРИСТУПЕ У ШКОЛАМА ЗА УМЕТНОСТ
Authors: Curk Marija
Published: December 2024

While modernist schools in the field of art and design developed in parallel worldwide between the two World Wars, in Serbia, political and social circumstances diverted attention to different needs. Artists were mostly educated abroad, in cities like Paris, Munich, Prague, or Budapest, often in order to return to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia with the acquired experience and knowledge, bringing ideas changed through a personal prism. Avant-garde artistic ideas and styles appeared on the territory of today’s Serbia between the two World Wars, but were altered under the influence of the prevailing and generally accepted traditionalism, which ruled art educational institutions as much as the society at large. The sociological and intellectual characteristics of society largely determine the dominant form of aesthetic consciousness, and the acceptance or non-acceptance of certain art forms greatly influenced the stylistic picture of the epoch. During that time, the evolution of art education was dynamic, but the same cannot be said of the development of learning programs. By tracing the historical trajectory of the creation of schools for artists, we aim to illuminate the relationship between artistic progress and society, and the underlying pedagogical theories, methodology and challenges that have influenced the education of generations of artists.
INFLATION TARGETING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE CESEE COUNTRIES
Authors: Cvijanović Suzana , Milenković Ivan , Starčević Vitomir
Published: December 2024

The paper compares the economic performance of countries that apply the monetary regime of inflation targeting (IT) and countries that apply alternative monetary regimes in the CESEE (Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe) region. The paper aims to assess whether the IT monetary regime has contributed to greater positive effects on economic performance in the group of countries that use inflation targeting as a monetary strategy compared to other groups of countries with alternative monetary strategies. The methodology of comparison was applied, namely the statistical technique Difference in Difference (DID), according to Ball and Sheridan (2005) and Goncalves and Salles (2008). After the introduction of IT, there was a fall in inflation rates (but the significance of IT is artificial) and a reduction in the volatility of inflation and gross domestic product (GDP), leading to a stabilisation of economic growth. The results of the analysis indicate that during the period of analysis (1990–2020), there was an improvement in economic performance after the introduction of inflation targeting in the group of countries that use that monetary strategy, but also in other groups of countries. However, the results show that economic performance is a little better in the group of countries that applied inflation targeting as a monetary regime.
GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN THE FUNCTION OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Paunović Tamara , Popović Blaženka , Maletić Radojka
Published: December 2024

A significant segment within the sustainable development of agricultural production and economic prosperity is production in controlled conditions, such as production in greenhouses and glasshouses. In the Republic of Serbia, vegetable production is almost entirely concentrated on family farms. Considering the importance of family farms, the subject of this study is a comparative analysis of vegetable production on family farms and vegetable production in greenhouses, as well as open-air vegetable production. In this context, the paper presents two models for optimising the vegetable production structure, using the method of linear programming and the software package LINDO. The first model refers to vegetable production in greenhouses (variant I) and the second one is formulated for open-air vegetable production (variant II). The analysis and solving models have pointed to differences in the optimal sowing-planting structure, in the number of independent variables or vegetables included in models, but also in realised net income, wherein variant I achieves both higher net income per hectare and higher production economy.
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND INTENSITY OF COMPETITION IN POST-SOCIALIST COUNTRIES: A PANEL ANALYSIS
Authors: Đekić Ivan , Madžar Lidija , Krstić Miloš
Published: December 2024

The intensity of competition figures as an important factor in increasing economic activity. The intensification of market competition is one of the key goals of economic policy in post-socialist countries. The aim of this paper is to determine the contribution of the intensity of competition to the level of economic activity in these countries. In this article, a panel analysis is carried out on a sample of 22 post-socialist countries for the period between 2006 and 2019. The indicator of the intensity of local competition from the Global Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum is taken as a measure of the intensity of competition. The results of the conducted research indicate that the increase in the intensity of competition has a positive effect on economic activity, expressed by the level of gross domestic product (GDP) in the selected post-socialist countries.
BANKING SERVICE QUALITY, SATISFACTION, AND LOYALTY PERCEIVED BY STUDENTS: A HIERARCHICAL APPROACH
Authors: Đokić Nenad , Milićević Nikola , Mirović Vera , Kalaš Branimir , Đokić Ines
Published: December 2024

Recommendations to consider service quality as a hierarchical construct formed by its dimensions (and not reflected through them) have existed in academic literature for more than two decades, and arose simultaneously with the conclusion that even in the most valued marketing journals, the problem of model misspecification was present to a large extent. The consequences of not respecting those recommendations are studies’ inappropriate conclusions. Nevertheless, even nowadays, there is a need to embrace that approach in service quality research more broadly. In the case of banking service quality research valued from the students’ perspective, according to the authors’ knowledge, there are no other authors that implemented the recommended approach. In conditions of intense competition, banks should pay more attention to clients’ needs. Domestic banks have a number of offers for the student market segment, taking into account its potential effect on the banks’ future profitability. Therefore, this research considered banking service quality dimensions, satisfaction, and loyalty regarding the student population. Data was collected by using a questionnaire; the convenience sample consisted of 301 students from the University of Novi Sad. After performing all necessary analyses regarding constructs involved in the model, the main effects were examined in the SmartPLS4 software. Among quality dimensions, the largest contribution to banking service quality was recorded for responsiveness, followed by empathy. Banking service quality positively and significantly affected satisfaction, which, on the other hand, positively affected loyalty. Moreover, the indirect effect of banking service quality on loyalty was significant as well.
Variation in olive phenolics and antioxidant activity: influence of variety, location, and Bactrocera oleae attack
Authors: Belmahdi Amina , Belattar Hakima , Himour Sara , Karbab Ahlem , Charef Noureddine
Published: December 2024

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) holds significant economic importance, especially in the Mediterranean region, including Algeria, where diverse olive cultivars thrive due to the heterogeneous climate. This study presents a comparative analysis of phenolic and antioxidant properties in olive fruits from two Algerian cultivars, ‘Chemlal’ and ‘Sigoise’, focusing on the influence of different locations and varying attack rates of the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae). Key biological parameters, including fruit weight, maturity index, and pest attack rates, alongside the content of phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were measured. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring free radical scavenging, total antioxidant capacity, and ferric-reducing power. Significant variation in fruit characteristics and insect susceptibility between the two cultivars and locations was found. Cv. ‘Sigoise’ exhibited greater fruit weight but higher vulnerability to Bactrocera oleae attacks than cv. ‘Chemlal’. Fruits of cv. ‘Chemlal’ from Ain Arnat showed greater insect attack resistance and higher condensed tannin content. Antioxidant assays revealed that cv. ‘Chemlal’, especially from Ain Azel, had superior free radical scavenging and ferric-reducing ability, despite its lower phenolics content, indicating a robust antioxidant profile. This study demonstrates the potential of selecting and cultivating specific olive cultivars to optimize their health-promoting benefits and resistance to biotic stress. This underlines the need for tailored agronomic practices that consider genetic, environmental, and pest management factors for enhanced productivity and quality.
Navigating the Future with YOLOv9 for Advanced Traffic Sign Recognition in Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: N. Sriram  , Jayalakshmi V.  , P. Preethi  , B. Shoba  , K. Shenbagavalli
Published: December 2024

In the realm of autonomous and self-driving vehicles, accurate traffic sign detection is critical for ensuring road safety, efficient navigation, and compliance with traffic regulations. This paper presents an advanced traffic sign detection system based on YOLOv9, an enhanced form of the YOLO (You Only Look Once) architecture. YOLOv9 offers significant enhancements over its predecessor, YOLOv8, through advanced feature extraction, multi-scale feature fusion, and optimized detection heads. The suggested YOLOv9 variant provides a notable accuracy of 95.0%, surpassing YOLOv8's 90.5%. This improvement is complemented by enhanced performance metrics, including a precision of 93.0%, recall of 94.0%, and an F1 score of 93.5%, compared to YOLOv8's precision of 88.0%, recall of 87.5%, and F1 score of 87.7%. The mean Average Precision (mAP) also increases from 85.5% in YOLOv8 to 91.0% in YOLOv9, reflecting superior detection and classification capabilities. The YOLOv9 model demonstrates superior efficiency with reduced training time (12 hours compared to YOLOv8's 15 hours) and faster inference (30 ms compared to YOLOv8's 40 ms). It utilizes a more comprehensive dataset with a greater number of images, traffic sign classes, and varied conditions, enhancing its robustness and generalization in real-world scenarios. Key parameter adjustments, including a lower learning rate, smaller batch size, and refined IoU threshold for non-maximum suppression, contribute to YOLOv9's improved performance. These enhancements make YOLOv9 a highly effective solution for real-time traffic sign detection in autonomous driving systems, offering a safer and more efficient driving experience. This work demonstrates the potential of YOLOv9 in advancing traffic sign detection technologies and provides a solid structure for further R&D in autonomous vehicle systems.
Estados Unidos Versus Líbia
Authors: Força Aérea Brasileira
Published: December 2024

The US military intervention in Libya in 1986 marked a significant point in the relations between the two countries, which had been deteriorating since 1979. The conflict began with planned airstrikes against strategic targets aimed at destabilizing Muammar Gaddafi's regime. Despite the Libyan forces' response, which included missile launches, the effectiveness of the American operations was evident, resulting in Gaddafi's retreat and a decrease in his aggressive stance. The operation highlighted the US military's capabilities and the importance of strategic planning in international conflicts.
Por que lançar o PROJETO MFT/LF
Authors: Gomes Luiz Thomaz Carrilho Teixeira
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the importance of the MFT/LF Project for the Brazilian Air Force (FAB), highlighting the need to develop aircraft that meet future operational demands. The project aims to address the lack of suitable equipment for pilot training, which has historically relied on imports. The proposal is innovative as it seeks local aircraft manufacturing, promoting autonomy and decision-making capacity within the FAB. The author argues that avoiding past mistakes, such as bureaucratization and confusion of responsibilities, is crucial for the project's success. Additionally, the text mentions the relevance of an adequate market for the project's viability, emphasizing that the FAB's needs guarantee a significant portion of the expected financial return. The article concludes that the MFT/LF Project is an important step towards modernizing and preparing the FAB for future challenges.
Um Centro de Estudos de Pessoal para a Aeronáutica
Authors: Santos Edson Nunes dos
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the importance of scientific research at the Personnel Studies Center of the Aeronautics, highlighting the need for a coordinated system for job analysis and personnel qualification. The CEPEA should develop documents such as qualification manuals and efficiency standards, which are essential for the training and education of military professionals. Centralizing research is crucial to ensure that the necessary requirements for job performance are met, promoting a more efficient and well-prepared air force.
Centro Regional de Previsão de Área de Brasília
Authors: Montalvão José Maurício
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the importance of the Regional Area Forecast Center of Brasília (CRPA-BR) in the context of civil and military aviation in Brazil. It highlights the need for an efficient weather forecasting system, especially in a scenario where aviation is constantly growing. The CRPA-BR was established in response to the demand for accurate and timely meteorological information, considering the division of South America into sub-regions, with Brazil responsible for the North and Argentina for the South. The text also mentions the internal challenges faced by CRPA-BR, such as reliance on communication channels owned by other organizations, which may compromise service efficiency. The proposal is to integrate efforts among different meteorological agencies to optimize the operation of CRPA-BR, avoiding service duplication and promoting a more rational management of available resources.
Um Plano Educacional para a Força Aérea
Authors: Menezes Lauro N.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the increasing presence of Brazilian Air Force military personnel in university settings and the need for a "Permanent Educational Plan." The author, Maj Brig do Ar R/R Lauro N. Menezes, argues that academic training is essential for the professional and cultural enhancement of officers, who often feel dissatisfied with the level of knowledge acquired during military training. The text highlights the lack of institutional commitment to continuous education, resulting in a fragmented learning culture. The author proposes a plan that integrates academic training with the operational needs of the Air Force, promoting an education that is not merely episodic but seeks to broaden the intellectual horizons of officers, ensuring they remain updated in a constantly evolving field.
Hispano-Americanismo - Síntese Histórica
Authors: Freitas Napoleão Antonio Muños de
Published: December 2024

The article discusses Hispano-Americanism from a Luso-Brazilian perspective, emphasizing Portugal's significant contribution to the political formation of Latin America. Brazil, as a natural heir, has a complex cultural identity that reflects its ability to engage with Hispanic American countries despite linguistic differences. The history of Brazil is marked by a peaceful transition to independence, unlike Spanish colonies, and the work highlights the importance of unity and brotherhood among the peoples of America, recognizing miscegenation as an essential factor in building a common identity.
Inteligência Emocional e o Poder Aeroespacial Brasileiro
Authors: Cabral José Paulo Grillo
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the importance of emotional intelligence (EI) in the context of the Brazilian Aeronautics, emphasizing how emotions influence human decisions and actions. The evolution of the human brain, with the development of the neocortex over the limbic system, allows for a complex interaction between reason and emotion. Training in EI is essential for improving leadership and effectiveness in the workplace, especially in critical situations where self-control and emotional awareness can prevent disasters. The author argues that implementing emotional literacy programs in military institutions can lead to a more cohesive and productive environment, benefiting professionals' careers and the strength of the Aeronautics.
Tecnologia da Informação - Emprego no Processo Decisório
Authors: Silva Marcos Elael da
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the importance of information technology in the decision-making process of the Ministry of Aeronautics (MAer). In the information age, the ability to collect and analyze data becomes essential for effective decision-making. MAer faces challenges such as the lack of equipment standardization and the need for ongoing training of professionals. The proposal includes implementing a basic methodology to integrate technical resources and improve the quality of information. DIRINFE, as the central body, should coordinate actions to update registries and promote training, aiming for effective control and an accurate view of available resources.
As Potencialidades de Emprego dos Dirigíveis no Transporte de Carga
Authors: Machry Telmo Roberto
Published: December 2024

The article explores the potential of airships in cargo transport, highlighting their ability to overcome the limitations of land transportation. Airships provide an efficient solution for transporting heavy and bulky loads, especially in remote areas where infrastructure is limited. With modern technology, such as the SkyCat 1000 project, these vehicles can operate on flat surfaces and accommodate large volumes of cargo, representing a viable and cost-effective alternative compared to traditional methods. Additionally, airships are environmentally sustainable, as they emit fewer pollutants and require less infrastructure. The article concludes that, despite significant investments in airship development, there is still a need for further research to validate their viability in the cargo transport market.
Instrução Para o Patrimônio Cultural do COMAER
Authors: Santos Vilma Souza dos
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the importance of preserving the cultural heritage of the Air Force Command (COMAER), highlighting the lack of clear guidelines for the protection of cultural assets within military organizations. This absence of guiding procedures creates insecurity among commanders in making decisions about what to preserve, discard, or restore. The text proposes the development of an Administrative Control Instruction (ICA) that provides guidance on the conservation of cultural assets, promoting uniformity in actions and reducing costs associated with technical advisory. The cultural heritage of COMAER is presented as the result of five centuries of history, with roots tracing back to the early days of Brazilian aviation, including figures like Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão and Alberto Santos Dumont. The valorization of this heritage is considered strategic for affirming regional diversities and for building citizenship in a globalized world.
A Guerra das Malvinas sob o enfoque da Guerra Eletrônica: ensinamentos para a Força Aérea Brasileira
Authors: Magalhães Luciano Barbosa
Published: December 2024

This study had the purpose of analyze how the resources of Electronic Warfare (EW) used in the Malvinas/Falklands war contributed to the result of the conflict. To reach this goal, an explanatory research has been done, based in the technique of secondary data collection to do a statistic analysis of the results, aiming to identify the most important principles of EW involved in the process. Besides, It was used the tool of case study to establish a parallel between the resources of EW used during the Falklands War and the current Brazilian Air Force (BAF) resources of EW. The research initiated with the analysis of the use of third generation infrared airto-air missiles in the air combats. After this, it verified the susceptibility of the argentine aircraft in function of the existing self defense equipment. After that, it analyzed the influence of the England previous knowledge about the Argentine “Exocet” missile characteristics. After this, it verified the impact of Ant radiation missile (ARM) used against the Argentine radars in the Malvinas/Falklands Islands. Finally, the work established a parallel between the resources of EW used during the Falklands War and the current Brazilian Air Force (BAF) resources of EW. So, it was possible to extract some teachings that cannot only improve the use of these equipments and concepts, but also improve the financial resources allocation in the acquisition of essential equipments of EW to BAF.
A Missão Militar Francesa de Aviação e sua influência na expansão do Campo dos Afonsos (1916-1922)
Authors: Oliveira Bruno de Melo , Batista Jairo de Paula
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to outline a first effort to understand the constitution process of Campo dos Afonsos in a military organization. Brazil, signatory of the Treaty of Versailles, hired at the end of 1918, the French Military Aviation Mission. After the confirmation of this cooperation agreement, the Afonso’s aerodrome began to undergo a series of architectural interventions aimed at laying the foundations of an infrastructure necessary for the operation of the Military Aviation School and the constitution of the space already delimited in a military unit. However, although the Brazil-France contractual relationship was established in the last moments of the First World War, the Brazilian approach to the European country was already outlined in 1916, allowing the development of the first remodeling projects of Campo dos Afonsos and the expansion of its initial space. In order to conduct our reflection, we have as a documentary corpus the reports of the General Staff of the Army, the Ministry of War, notes and ordinances published in the Federal Official Gazette, as well as photographs and floor plans related to the subject of this work.