bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Salt-Shrinkage on the Silk Union Fabrics by Continuous Treatment System
Authors: Kima Kyu-Beom , Kim band Moon-Sik Kim Min-Ju
Published: February 2022

The continuous treatment system of salt-shrinkage and their use to improve stretch and crease resistance by silk union fabrics. Calciumnitrate (specific gravity 1.43) were produced on silk union fabrics. The fabric stretch to the ASTM D3107-07(2008) test over five repetitions was determined. When applied to silk/cotton and silk/wool union fabrics by a continuous treatment procedure, in the presence of sodium nitrate, all of these fabrics gave excellent stretch and crease resistance properties, although the times required varied. The continuous treatment procedure required to achieve stretch and crease resistance, about 3 to 5 minutes.
Effects of Loading Lags and Displays on Television Viewing Experience
Authors: Max Liang Sheau-Farn , Lian Jiunn-Horng
Published: February 2022

Information communication technology industry now focuses on the market of interactive televisions. However, user requirements in this growing market have not been fully understood. Television viewing experience can be regarded as a type of user experience, and this study aims to assess the effects of video loading lags and displayed loading indicators on users' television viewing experience. A 2×5 between-subject factorial experiment was designed. The first independent variable was the loading display with two types: a text-only animation and an animated text with a running percentage bar. The second independent variable was the loading lag with five durations: 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 seconds. One hundred university students were recruited as participants to watch two music videos with an assigned loading lag and display in between, and then to complete a questionnaire about their satisfaction and pleasure. Results showed that there was a significant effect of loading lags on user interaction satisfaction and pleasurability. A marginal significant effect of loading displays on pleasurability was also found. Post-hoc comparisons revealed that the loading lag should be limited up to 15 seconds for maintaining satisfaction, and up to 10 seconds to sustaining pleasure. Findings of this study can provide useful guidelines for the design of interactive televisions.
Content Evaluation of Exciting Feeling by Using Biosignals
Authors: Harada Yoshihiro , Furuya Takahiro , Takahashi Nobumichi , Hasegawa Koyo , Nakazato Tomoaki , Ohkura Michiko
Published: February 2022

Entertainment markets continue to expand, and Interactive systems are becoming more and more common, fueled by the dramatic progress in the fields of computer graphics and hardware (Tetsuro Aoto, 2007). In the content of such interactive systems, important factors include increasing excitement. Thus, we use young adult males in their twenties and assess their opinions of “exciting” by questionnaires and employed it as a keyword to clarify their exciting scene. Based on our questionnaire results, we created two game contents and evaluated whether they elicited exciting feeling using biological signals.
Invisible Boundary in Design, Emotional Safety Net
Authors: Shin Cliff
Published: February 2022

As our society gets complicated and faster than ever, we have much relied on technologies in order to keep our lives intact. Moreover, new technologies are introduced every day and every month, and it is hard for the users to keep up with the technologies. This phenomenon contradicts between the users and trends, the users seek out better technologies, simultaneously, and the users tend to keep their old habits and are harder to be swayed to get into a new system than times with fewer technologies involved in because the users tend to stay in their comfort zones in scope of artifact. Nowadays, interconnected and interrelated technologies make even harder for the users to move to the new system. The comfort zone from the users plays a big role in not only design, but also marketing field, brand loyalty. Once the users create their comfort zone in scope of artifact, the users establish “emotional safety net” in scope of artifact. This paper will define, “emotional safety net in design” and explore how to incorporate to design process.
Biodynamic Adverse Rotorcraft-Pilot Coupling
Authors: Quaranta Giuseppe , Masarati Pierangelo , Lanz Massimilano , Marforio Marco , Muscarelloa Vincenzo
Published: February 2022

This work discusses the dependence of helicopter aeroelastic stability on the pilot's biodynamic feedthrough. Two rotorcraft specific problems are presented. The modeling approach used in the investigation is briefly described, along with the experimental setup used for pilot biodynamic feedthrough characterization and for closed-loop problem investigation is described. The need to perform closed-loop experiments is discussed.
Aviation Safety: An Initial Exploration of the Feasibility of Using Language Engineering Technologies for Reducing Pilot-Air Traffic Control Miscommunications
Authors: Bajaj Bettina , Majumdar Arnab
Published: February 2022

This paper describes some initial investigations into the possibilities of using state-of-the-art language engineering technologies to minimise miscommunications between pilots and controllers. Despite considerable efforts to remedy this situation by providing solutions that focus almost exclusively on new proposals for making air traffic control (ATC) messages clearer and easier to understand and on better ATC communication training strategies, communication issues persist. In order to demonstrate this, we discuss an aircraft accident and incident in which communication problems between pilots and ATC have been identified as contributory factors. The types of miscommunication are described in their situational and operational contexts. It is then argued that employing automatic speech recognition (ASR), machine translation (MT) and terminology extraction (TE) technologies would have the potential to reduce such miscommunications and hence might have contributed to preventing the accident and incident. This paper presents a snapshot of our initial work as well as thoughts on its future development, including a description of how an ASR-MT-TE communication system as an addition to voice and data link communications might be designed and implemented into flight decks and ATC workstations and how this system may impact on mental workload, situation awareness, and attention allocation of pilots and controllers.
Voice and Text Messaging in Ship Communication
Authors: Porathe Thomas , Eklund Peter , Goransson Henrik
Published: February 2022

Misunderstandings in voice radio communication have been identified as a root cause of accidents at sea. One reason is language problems in a multi ethnic industry. Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) was developed by the IMO to mitigate this problem, but studies show it is not commonly used. Difficulties to pronounce and understand English spoken by different nationalities adds to the problem. Maybe text messaging could be useful in non-time critical marine communication? This paper presents a study where VHF voice versus text messages in a land-based deep sea pilotage scenario was compared. The finding was that text based messages worked well and that there was a lower risk of misinterpreting the information.
The Impact of Motion Induced Interruptions on Cognitive Performance
Authors: Huntera A. , Bourgeoisb N. , Langloisb R.
Published: February 2022

This paper takes a preliminary look at the direct effects of Motion Induced Interruptions (MIIs) on cognitive perfor-mance. Understanding the direct and indirect effects of motion on cognitive performance is becoming increasingly important as crewing limitations and job requirements increase operator workload. In addition, we explored the suitability of mobile tablet technology in motion environments. To do this, participants performed a data logging task using a tablet and traditional pen/paper while experiencing ship motion. MIIs occurred in sea states 4 and 5 on the Beaufort Scale. MIIs had an impact on the number of data transcriptions, but not the accuracy of data transcriptions. Performance accuracy and number of transcriptions were lower when participants used the tablet. The results of this experiment indicate that MIIs should be considered as a form of task distraction that results in increased time on task. As mobile technologies allow for more operator mobility MIIs are likely to become a larger issue. Future research will continue to investigate the impact of MIIs and motion on cognitive task performance. Answering these questions will allow us to offer mitigation strategies with potential implications on operator technology interaction, crewing and operator guidelines.
On Common Ground at Sea: The Proactive Negotiation for Channel Navigation
Authors: Kataria Aditi , Praetorius Gesa
Published: February 2022

The Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) provides support to marine traffic in congested waters to ensure safe and smooth vessel movement in the waters under its purview. The VTS operators monitor the traffic with the decision support system at hand and talk to the ships on the Very High Frequency (VHF) radio. Safe channel navigation is proactively achieved by interaction and communication on the radio. Thus traffic management within the VTS domain is a complex joint activity, in which diverse stakeholders (bridge teams, VTS operators, pilots etc.) adopt one or more available communicative roles within technologically-mediated interactions to achieve safe and fluent traffic movement. This paper argues that the communicative achievement of channel navigation is a complex joint activity requiring the building up and active sustenance of common ground to promote teamwork and contribute to safe and efficient vessel movements. Monitoring common ground is integral to monitoring oceangoing traffic. This paper draws upon data from the audio recordings of the working channel of the VTS in a major South Asian world port. The authors argue that the proactive, real-time dynamic management of common ground contributes to enhanced situational awareness and sustains safe channel navigation.
An Investigation of Motorist Behavior in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Cheng-Yong
Published: February 2022

Taiwan is a group of islands located in East Asia on the northwest side of the Pacific Ocean. The area of these islands is 36,000 km2 and their total population is 23.37 million. A total of 7.1 million cars and 15 million motorcycles are registered. The combined number of motor vehicles is in line with the total population. On average, each person has at least one land vehicle. The number of motorcycles is twice that of cars. The Taiwanese news media have long reported that car drivers often strike motorcyclists passing from behind because they open their car doors improperly. This leads to injury or even death among motorcyclists. Human factors are the cause of this issue. In this study, we examined civil judgments on improper car door opening in district courts in 2010 and 2011. After collecting 43 cases of accidents caused by improper car door opening, we found that accidents occurred in counties and cities in western Taiwan with dense populations and poor public transportation, such as Taichung, Taoyuan, and Kaohsiung. Half of all motorcyclists involved in these accidents were severely injured, disabled, put into comas, or died. The drivers who caused these accidents each paid an average of approximately 100,000 zloty in reparations. Finally, we made ergonomic design suggestions for three types of accidents. For example, the left front doors of cars should be required to have two-stage opening methods. Left rear doors should be openable only from the outside. Roads in metropolitan areas should have temporary parking spaces for passengers to exit vehicles from the right side. In the future, we hope that these suggestions can be implemented in the ergonomic design of cars in Taiwan to avoid injury to motorcyclists.
VOD-CA – Testing a Velocity-Obstacle based Display for Collision Avoidance in Aviation
Authors: Katharina Johanna Nagler Ursa , Manske Peer , Sachse Pierre , Michael Nitzschner Marco , Martini Markus , Furtner Marco
Published: February 2022

Aircraft separation and systems for its support are one of the most important fields in aviation research. ACAS/TCAS gives an evidence of other aircraft around, but it does not show how other airplanes will fly regarding the ownship. A Velocity-Obstacle based Display for Collision Avoidance (VOD-CA) shall assist pilots to avoid conflicts by recognizing them early. Because there is velocity space represented but without spatial reference, potential problems in handling could occur. For that reason, VOD-CA and its comprehension were tested. We linked the understanding of VOD-CA to common measures of intelligence. It is assumed that spatial thinking might play a role, because even though velocity space is different to the familiar areal space, it might still require similar abilities to comprehend. Furthermore, we hypothesized that numerical memory is linked to the understanding, because there are several numbers shown on the display, which are important to understand the information given. Besides, we thought that there will be an interaction with visual-spatial intelligence because of the type of representation. While some expected interactions were observed there was no evidence that spatial thinking is neither helpful nor obstructive in understanding velocity space. Most participants could handle VOD-CA well and resolved potential conflicts before they occurred.
Traffic Fatalities and Serious Injuries in Europe – A study of association with cultural, demographic and income variables
Authors: G. Barata Isilda , A. Coelho Denis
Published: February 2022

This contribution reviews key data on road traffic fatalities across Europe and seeks associative links between the afore-mentioned data and per capita income, new car sales and national cultural dimensions of European countries. The rate of population shift from poverty to affluence has been exponentially growing in many countries, with access to products and systems having increased. Understanding the association between cultural dimensions and road fatalities can point, at the European level, to the countries, where national dimensions of culture represent a predisposition for greater or less risk adversity and safe or unsafe road behaviors. This study may hence assist decision makers, nationally and at European level to tailor prevention campaigns and safety programs and measures to each national reality and culture. The regression model showed a single independent variable within the model of traffic fatalities per capita, which was power distance.
Combining Human Factors Methods with Transport Data Recordings
Authors: Walker Guy , Strathie Ailsa
Published: February 2022

Flight Data Monitoring (FDM) is the process by which data from on-board recorders, or so-called ‘black boxes’, is analysed after every journey to detect subtle trends which, if allowed to continue, could lead to an accident. An opportunity has been identified to advance the state of the art in FDM processes by coupling recorder data to established Human Factors methodologies so that issues arising from the strategically important human/machine-system interface can be better understood and diagnosed. The research has also identified a significantly underused source of recorder-data within the railway industry. Taking this data, the paper demonstrates how key areas of driver performance can be quantified using a simple behavioural cluster detection method coupled to sensitivity and response bias metrics. Faced with a class of operational accident that is increasingly human-centred, an underused source of data, and methods that can join it to established human performance concepts, the potential for detecting risks in advance of an accident are significant.
Attitude Towards Electric Vehicles in the Czech Republic
Authors: Zámečník Petr , Šuchab Matúš , Řezáč Pavel , Bohmová Kateřina
Published: February 2022

Present study deals with the attitudes of people in the Czech Republic towards electric vehicles. Research was carried out in the form of a questionnaire, which was filled by 245 persons aged 17-81 years from all over the Czech Republic. The results show that for most respondents is the acquisition of electric vehicle few conceivable. The most common reason is the cost. Other reasons are a small number of charging stations, small trunk and limited commuting travel. The results also show that between men and women is not a statistically significant difference in attitudes to electric vehicles in general. The exception is the attitude to the fact that electric vehicles are environmentally friendly and the area of ​​the purchase price. Women, compared to men, perceive less the cost of electric vehicles as excessive. At the same time women (unlike men) consider electric vehicles as much more environmentally friendly.
Pushing the Limits? Regenerative Braking in Takeover Situations
Authors: Witzlack Claudia , Cocron Peter , F. Krems Josef
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate if individual experience in driving an electric vehicle (EV) influences the interaction with regenerative braking. Therefore, a field experiment was developed to explore driver behavior in takeover situations. Here regenerative braking reaches its limits, so drivers must use the conventional brake to come to a stop in a safety manner. Furthermore, it was tested, if trust towards regenerative braking changes as experience in driving an electric vehicle increases. Especially the changes in trust when regenerative braking meets its limits were investigated. Results showed that drivers with little EV-experience come closer to a stop in front of stop line and overshot this stop line more often compared to inexperienced drivers. Trust towards regenerative braking increased slightly after the subjects without driving experience gained experience in driving an electric vehicle und decreased after takeover situations. Altogether subjects with little EV-experience showed a higher trust in regenerative braking than subjects without EV driving experience. Finally, the impact of trust on driver behavior is discussed as a possible explanation for our findings.
Perceived and Real Impacts of Digital Advertising Billboards on Driving Performance
Authors: P. Sisiopiku Virginia , Mozahidul Islam Md , Wittig Shannon , C. Welburn Sharon , Stavrinos Despina
Published: February 2022

This paper explores perceived and real impacts of digital advertising billboards on driving performance of individuals from representative samples across the lifespan. Perceived impacts were assessed through an online driver questionnaire that documented perceptions and attitudes of Alabama motorists as they relate to roadside billboards. The questionnaire solicited demographic information, inputs on driving patterns and attitudes, drivers’ experiences with advertising billboards, and perceptions regarding presence and type of advertising billboard and traffic safety. Actual impacts of digital advertising billboards on driving performance were examined using a data-informed, empirical driving simulator study. Driving performance variables of interest were electronically coded by the simulator (i.e., lane deviations, speed exceedances, and crashes and statistical analyses were performed to test whether digital billboards presented driving performance decrements. The paper provides detailed description of the study approach and major findings and discusses conclusions and recommendations. The study sheds light on the impact of roadside advertisements on driving performance across the lifespan which, in turn, provides useful insights on the potential links between digital outdoor advertising and traffic safety.
Training Needs Research Applied to the Development of a Standardised Incident Investigator Training Framework
Authors: D. Banks Tamara , C. Biggs Herbert , Dovan Nathan
Published: February 2022

In response to the rail industry lacking a consistently accepted standard of minimal training to perform incident investigations, the Australasian rail industry requested the development of a unified approach to investigator training. This paper details how the findings from a training needs analysis were applied to inform the development of a standardised training package for rail incident investigators. Data from job descriptions, training documents and subject matter experts sourced from 17 Australasian organisations were analysed and refined to yield a draft set of 10 critical competencies. Finally the draft of critical competencies was reviewed by industry experts to verify the accuracy and completeness of the competency list and to consider the most appropriate level of qualification for training development. The competencies identified and the processes described to translate research into an applied training framework in this paper, can be generalised to assist practitioners and researchers in developing industry approved standardised training packages.
An Evaluation of a National Rail Suicide Prevention Programme
Authors: Mills Ann , Flint Toni , Monk Alice
Published: February 2022

This paper describes the rationale for the introduction of a GB national rail suicide prevention programme, which was introduced in 2010 with the aim of reducing the number of suicides on the rail network by 20%. The programme has three key streams of work; prevention activities (designed to reduce the level of suicide), post-vention activities (actions to reduce the impact of suicide) and activities to support partnership working between the key organisations involved in suicide prevention and each of these will be described in detail. This paper will describe the challenges of, and approaches to, the evaluation of such a complex (multiple activities and multiple agencies) and evolving programme. The paper will also present key findings from the evaluation in terms of the impact on the numbers rail suicides, the numbers of interventions, post incident management, improvements in partnership working, and staff attitudes to suicides.
Crash Trifecta: A Complex Driving Scenario Describing Crash Causation
Authors: J. Dunn Naomi , S. Hickman Jeffery , J. Hanowski Richard
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the crash trifecta concept to determine if the convergence of multiple elements--rather than a single, unitary critical reason--has greater value in explaining the complexities of crash genesis. Seven existing naturalistic driving (ND) data sets, four of which were from truck-based ND studies and three from light-vehicle ND studies, were combined to ensure a sufficient number of safety-critical events (SCE) for analyses. Two of the three crash trifecta elements (i.e., “unsafe pre-incident behavior” and “transient driver inattention”) were previously reduced and coded; thus, new data reduction was only required for the “unexpected traffic event” variable. After reduction was completed, SCEs were classified in terms of the joint presence or absence of the three trifecta elements. Results indicated the majority of SCEs can be attributed to the combination of at least two of the crash trifecta components. However, higher severity SCEs (i.e., crashes) were more likely to include all three crash trifecta elements. This illustrates that convergence concepts, such as the crash trifecta concept, may lead to a better understanding of the differences in the formation and origin of a crash compared to the traditional approach of assigning a unitary reason, such as the critical reason.
Cognitive Ergonomics in the Design of the Display Interface for Manually Controlled Rendezvous and Docking
Authors: Wang Chunhui , Tian Yu , Jiang Ting
Published: February 2022

Manually Controlled Rendezvous and Docking (manual RVD) is a complex and demanding task for astronauts. The design quality of the display interface is critical for astronauts’ performance in manual RVD tasks. Present study aimes to improve the design of the display interface for manual RVD based on the analysis of the cognitive demands of the task. The cognitive demands of the RVD task on the human operators were analyzed by theoretical analysis and imperial research, and the cognitive demands were taken into consideration in the ergomomic design of the display interface for RVD tasks. Theoretical analysis and experimental data suggest that spatial transformations are highly demanded, and speed perception may be difficult for the operators. The arrangement of the display and the characteristics of the elements on the display were designed to facilitate human perception, judgement and decision, and several design schemes were proposed. The overall display interface which we designed demonstrated satisfying qualities. Analysis of the cognitive processes and cognitive demands of the manual RVD task provided important guide for the design of the RVD interface. The display interface we designed successfully supported the manual RVD tasks in China’s SZ-9 and SZ-10 missions.
Dressing Autonomy for Frozen Shoulder Users: Inclusive Fashion Design Principles
Authors: Schiehll Letícia , Moreira da Silva Fernando , Simões Inês
Published: February 2022

Donning and doffing procedures are among of the five basic activities of daily living that define the degree of autonomy and independence. In this paper, we produce an analysis of the movements performed in donning/doffing procedures and identify which are the main difficulties in patients with frozen shoulder. Therefore, we utilized five pieces of clothing for the upper body with different characteristics that we consider relevant for the evaluation of movement and to identify range of motion limitations: poncho, tank-top, blouse with long sleeves, batwing blouse and front-opening blouse. Then, we observed a group of women during donning/doffing procedures, connecting the performed movements to the characteristics of those garments. As main results, we verified that the poncho and the batwing blouse are more appropriate for users with a frozen shoulder. Among the possible conclusions, we infer that the inclusion of users before and during the design process, through the methodology of participatory design, provides greater interaction in the whole process and increases the chances of success of the product to the real needs of the targeted user. In association, the inclusion of a kinesiological study in the design of clothes increases efficiency donning/doffing procedures, ensuring greater autonomy to the user.
Sustainable Design Through the Case Study Daciano da Costa
Authors: Moreira da Silva Ana
Published: February 2022

This paper, which stems from a PhD research, aims to disseminate among the international scientific community the thought of Daciano da Costa (1930-2005) throughout his teaching career and his professional practice. Daciano conceived numerous interior and installation design projects of outstanding quality from the early 60’s onwards. His work made him one of the most important figures of Design in Portugal. Through this case study we focus on the role played by Daciano on his teaching and professional practice concerning Sustainable Design concept. He brought to practice and teaching a modernization of processes, a new perspective on the emerging themes of Design during the XX century. Daciano da Costa believed that designing was providing a service to the community and so designers should assume new social roles towards a sustainable development. On his own practice and teaching he implemented a design process which deals with sustainability and social commitment, searching for simple long-term solutions that could last and fulfil human needs, causing minimum material waste. Some of the design products he developed and implemented during the 60’s are still in use nowadays, fulfilling human actual needs and their simplicity combines with the aesthetic paradigm changes of the XXI century.
Comparative Analysis Between Two Distinct Realities Concerning the Transport of School Material
Authors: Dagge Ricardo , Filgueiras Ernesto
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a comparison regarding the transportation of school supplies by children and pre-adolescent in two different countries with distinct economic and social realities (Portugal and Sri Lanka). This approach focusses on the way how school supplies are transported considering the reality of a European developed country and an Asian developing country. For this, the study of Jayaratne (2012) carried out in Sri Lanka was reproduced in the public education system in Portugal. Attended by 110 students, 56% of which were female, with ages between 12 and 15 years old (M=13.1; S.D.=0.92) from 7th to 9th grade, this study consisted of a survey and an on-site observation that had the purpose of gathering two types of data (qualitative and quantitative) regarding the context of use, the typology of products used and the user himself, of products able to transport school supplies. Major findings revealed that for both realities, the scholar backpack was the elected product (82% vs. 79.6%), by the students, to carry school supplies. However, considering the user interaction with this, it was observed that only 51% of the Portuguese students, in comparison with the 97% of Sri Lanka’s, make a proper use of their backpacks (wearing the two straps of the backpack). Despite the fact that the percentages found in both studies were around 10% of total body weight (respecting the internationally recommended limit placed between 10% and 15%), it is relevant to say that in both cases, the amount of students that reported musculoskeletal discomfort or pain during and/ or after the carriage of their school supplies was around 50%.
Applied Anthropometrics in School Furniture Design: Which Criteria Should be Used for Standardization?
Authors: Castellucci Ignacio , Arezes Johan Molenbroek Pedro
Published: February 2022

Students most likely have one of the most sedentary occupations, one where permanent habits of sitting are formed. However, there is much more concern regarding office furniture. The mismatch between students and school furniture is likely to result in a number of negative effects, such as uncomfortable body posture, pain, and ultimately, it may also affect the learning process. This situation has provoked an increased concern about school classrooms, particularly regarding the study and design of school furniture. An important milestone is setting standards for school furniture, where a series of furniture sizes are defined with the aim of accommodating students with different anthropometric dimensions. Despite that, and with the exception of Europe, where the development of school furniture standards has been most actively pursued, there is a lack of standardization for the design of classroom furniture for educational settings in many countries. The aim of this study is to describe the process of designing school furniture by considering the students’ anthropometric data. The adopted methodology was to perform a literature review regarding different issues, such as setting standard, the design of school furniture, and equations for defining the mismatch between students and school furniture. There are some activities that need to be done before starting to gather the anthropometric measurements. These activities include, for example, identifying the target population, defining the sample size, determining the anthropometric measures, preparing the evaluation team(s), and obtaining the approval from the ethics committee. During the anthropometric measurements it is important to follow a standard procedure, where the measures are collected from the right side of the subjects while they are sitting in a standard position, without shoes and using light clothes. After collecting the measurements, it is important to check the data by using: observation of mean, minimum and maximum values, as well as the calculation of the different measures (for example: Buttock knee length - Buttock popliteal length), and observation of scatter plot graphics of stature with the other variables. To determine the dimensions and characteristics of different types of school furniture, seat height should be the starting point and the designs need to be based on a bottom-top approach. This dimension will split the sample in, at least, five different sizes of school furniture to accommodate students from 6 to 18 years of age. Some characteristics of the furniture have to also be considered, since the presence of a drawer will influence two important dimensions – the desk height and the seat to desk clearance. Finally, special attention should be given to the needed anthropometric measurement for furniture size selection. This is usually done by using Stature; however, some authors suggest that furniture selection can be done more efficiently if popliteal height is used instead.
The Evaluation of Work Systems and Products: Considerations from the Cultural Ergonomics
Authors: Mejias Sandra , Soares Marcelo
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a conceptual model that combines Ergonomics and Design. The authors combine the expertise of both disciplines to begin the construction of an investigation. The argument of the article is that the integration of the evaluation of systems of work and Cultural Ergonomics considering product can raise the optimization of human performance in work systems and integrate the products to its users. A conceptual model is presented, and its components and interactions are explained. The interaction between system – client’s work - products is an important feature in this model. Aspects of the Macroergonomics as an intervention tool considered are: participation, commitment and action investigation. The expected results are: improved productivity, quality of work and the suitability of the product to the user at higher levels than those achieved previously. The model is then applied to case studies in Recife, Brazil and Villa Clara, Cuba.
Experimental Study on Display of Energy-Related Information in Smart Homes and Electric Vehicles
Authors: Ito Kodai , Ohkura Michiko
Published: February 2022

Environmental pollution and electrical power shortages are serious worldwide issues. Since private households clearly constitute a main energy consumer, the environment can be positively affected if home energy consumption is reduced. We are developing a prototype smart home that offers a smart quality of life (QOL) to its residents and reduces both CO2 emissions and energy consumption. An important issue toward achieving this aim is how to show energy-related information to residents. Last year, we focused on QOL and experimentally clarified where and how to display such information in a smart home. In this article, we describe our new experiment that clarifies how to display energy-related information and controls for home appliances in smart homes and electric vehicles (EVs).
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kebahagiaan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nesi Nesi
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic causes changes in daily activities so that a person limits their activities. This is considered to have an effect on a person's mood. Objective: To investigate the relationship between physical activity and happiness in young adults during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study method. Data was collected through a google form containing a demographic questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). Results: there are differences in happiness based on the level of physical activity, someone with the highest level of physical activity shows the greatest happiness. However, no significant difference has been found between the share and the level of physical activity.
Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan dalam kegaiatan sehari-hari sehingga seseorang membatasi dirinya untuk beraktivitas. Hal ini dianggap berpengaruh terhadap suasana hati seseorang. Tujuan: Menyelidiki hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kebahagiaan pada dewasa muda selama pandemic Covid-19. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional study. Data dikumpulkan melalui google form yang berisi kuesioner demografis, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) dan Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). Hasil: terdapat perbedan kebagaiaan berdasarkan tingkat aktivitas fisik, seseorang dengan tingkat tingkat aktivitas fisik paling tinggi menunjukan kebahagiaan paling besar. Meskipun demikian belum ditemukan perbedaan significant antara kebagian dan tingkat aktivitas fisik.
SIMULATION OF SPEED CONTROL OF DRIVES : CONTROLLING BY APPLIED VOLTAGE
Authors: GOUDA SHAMBULINGANA
Published: February 2022

The induction machine is the work horse of the industry. It has rugged construction and is suitable for many high power applications. Induction motors are the most widely used electrical motors due to their reliability, low cost and robustness. However, induction motors do not inherently have the capability of variable speed operation. Due to this reason, earlier dc motors were applied in most of the electrical drives. But the recent developments in speed control methods of the induction motor have led to their large scale use in almost all electrical drives. Out of the several methods of speed control of an induction such as pole changing, frequency variation, variable rotor resistance, variable stator voltage, constant V/f control, slip recovery method etc., the closed loop constant V/f speed control method is most widely used. In this method, the V/f ratio is kept constant which in turn maintains the magnetizing flux constant so that the maximum torque remains unchanged. During starting of an induction motor,
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS WITHOUT PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY (SAK ETAP) ON THE PRESENTATION OF GIRIREJO VILLAGE UNIT'S COOPERATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Authors: Rasyid Muhammad
Published: February 2022

The Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) publishes Financial Accounting Standards for Entities Without Accountability so that entities that have not gone public can provide accurate financial reports (SAK ETAP). In reality, many cooperatives still do not use SAK ETAP in the preparation of their financial statements. The purpose of this research is to identify how the Girirejo Village Unit Cooperative's financial statements should be presented under the Financial Accounting Standards for Entities Without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP). This study uses a qualitative approach to conduct a comparative study. Methods of collecting data by interview. The method employed is a comparison of the Financial Accounting Standards of Entities Without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP) with the presentation of Girirejo's Village Unit Cooperative financial statements. In essence, SAK ETAP has been adopted in Girirejo's Village Unit Cooperative financial accounts. The financial accounts of Girirejo Village Unit Cooperative demonstrate that the balance sheet, income statement, equity report, cash flow statement, and notes to financial statements have all been presented; nevertheless, several items such as inventories and investments, tax obligations, and tax expenses have not been recorded.
Impact of Production, Consumption Capabilities and Human Capital Capacity on the National Wealth of China
Authors: Chan Jing-Xuan , Zhang Liao
Published: February 2022

The recent improvement of China’s national income has been a global phenomenon due to the uncertain financial and economic conditions. Hence, the current research investigates the impact of production and consumption capabilities and human capital capacity on the national wealth of China. This study uses secondary data from secondary sources, including the World Bank Indicators (WDI), from 1991 to 2020 to examine the stationarity of the constructs using the augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test. It also investigates the association among the variables using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The results revealed that production and consumption capabilities and human capital capacity are significantly and positively linked with the national wealth of China. This study provides guidelines for regulators as they establish policies regarding national income improvement using production, consumption, and human capital factors.
SELECTION OF DESIGN COMBINATIONS OF SEISMIC LOADS WITH OTHER LOADS
Authors: Уздин А.М. , Сабирова О.Б.
Published: February 2022

Рассмотрена задача учета сочетаний сейсмической нагрузки с другими нагрузками. Для этого рассматриваются равновероятные пары сочетаемых нагрузок и из них выбирается наиболее опасная. Рассмотрен случай, когда в результате сочетания нагрузок оце­нивается один из факторов, определяющих сейсмостойкость конструкции. Для этого фактора строится его зависимость от вели­чины сочетаемых нагрузок. С использованием этой зависимости определяется искомый максимум усилия от сочетаемых нагрузок. Для упрощения задачи можно использовать функцию плотности распределения усилия, или другого анализируемого фактора от сум­марного действия сочетаемых нагрузок. При этом сразу определяется значение анализируемого фактора с заданной вероятностью превышения. Такой подход приводит к некоторому завышению расчетных усилий, в рассматриваемых точках. В примере, приведен­ном в статье, он составил около 10%.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROPOSALS TO REDUCE RISKS AND DAMAGE TO THE POPULATION AND TERRITORIES OF THE NORTH-WEST AND CENTRAL CAUCASUS FROM POSSIBLE NATURAL HAZARDS.
Authors: Нигметов Г.М. , Акимов В.А. , Маклаков А.С. , Савинов А.М. , Нигметов Т.Г. , Егорова А.А.
Published: February 2022

Для рассматриваемых территорий наибольшие риски и ущербы возникают от водных и геологических опасностей. Для своевремен­ного предупреждения населения о возможных опасностях необходимы автоматизированные системы поддержки принятия решений на основе геоинформационных технологий.
GEOSYSTEM MONITORING OF VIOLATED TERRITORIES USING MICROSEISMIC SENSING
Authors: Мешалкин В.П. , Челноков В.В. , Остах С.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлена разработка методики прогнозно-аналитической оценки движения техногенных потоков на основе физико­геологической модели их источника в составе геосистемного мониторинга загрязненных и нарушенных земель с прогнозируемыми экоаномалиями с использованием метода микросейсмического зондирования.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND SAFETY CONTROL OF CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES FOR INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF EARTHQUAKE-PRONE TERRITORIES
Authors: Гурьев В.В. , Акбиев Р.Т. , Гранев В.В. , Лысов Д.А. , Дорофеев В.М.
Published: February 2022

Работа посвящена проблемам обеспечения комплексной безопасности и контроля технического состояния зданий и сооружений в пе­риод эксплуатации как основы и одного из важных элементов, необходимых для обеспечения необходимых условий для комплексного устойчивого развития сейсмоопасных территорий. Рассмотрены различные нормативные, организационно-методические и техни­ческие аспекты организации такого контроля на национальном уровне, обозначены вопросы, возникающие в данной сфере деятель­ности, сформированы предложения по их решению. Приведены конкретные технические решения по устройству наблюдательных станций, которые можно использовать для устройства на зданиях и сооружениях, в том числе при восстановлении национальной системы инженерно-сейсмометрических наблюдений.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF BAIKALSK TAKING INTO ACCOUNT SEISMIC AND GEOECOLOGICAL RISKS
Authors: Бержинская Л.П. , Саландаева О.И. , Кузнецова И.В.
Published: February 2022

Оценка рационального использования территорий должна быть результатом объективного и комплексного анализа сейсмогеологи­ческой обстановки и экологического состояния природной среды. Геоэкологический риск позволяет оценить величину вероятностной опасности или степень вероятности нарушения устойчивости окружающей среды (ущерб) в результате природных и техногенных воздействий. Оценка сейсмического риска позволит определить показатели надежности инженерных сооружений и безопасности на­селения вследствие землетрясения.
New Cultivars
Authors: Studnicka Miloslav , D'Amato Peter
Published: February 2022

The cultivars Pinguicula 'Hanka', Sarracenia 'Abandoned Hope', Sarracenia 'Lamentations', Sarracenia 'Spatter Pattern' are described.
New Cultivars
Authors: Song Leo , Hummer John
Published: February 2022

The cultivars Sarracenia 'Hummer's Okee Classic', Sarracenia 'Super Green Giant', Sarracenia 'Harvest of Gold', Sarracenia 'Hummer's Hammerhead', Dionaea 'Jaws', Sarracenia 'Golden-Red Jubilee', Sarracenia 'Green Rosette', Sarracenia 'John's Autumnal Splendor' are descrbed.
Drosera hartmeyorum spec. nov. (Droseraceae), a new sundew in sect. Arachnopus from Northern Australia
Authors: Schlauer Jan
Published: February 2022

Drosera hartmeyerorum, a new species of Drosera (sect. Arachnopus) from Kununurra, northern Western Australia is described.
New Cultivars
Authors: Rice Barry A. , Salvia Elizabeth M.
Published: February 2022

The cultivar Pinguicula moranensis 'Libelulita' is described.
New Cultivars
Authors: Carow Thomas , Anifraix Romuald
Published: February 2022

The cultivars Dionaea 'Louchapates' (Dionaea 'Noodle Ladle') and Dionaea 'Fused Tooth' are described.
New Cultivars
Authors: Garcia Brooks , Studnicka Miloslav
Published: February 2022

The cultivars Sarracenia 'Leah Wilkerson', Utricularia 'Jitka' are described.
Analysis on the Types of Lace and Drawnwork Introduced to Shanghai
Authors: Miao Huicui , Zhao Feng
Published: February 2022

Shanghai was an important lace export port in the early 20th century. Due to the lack of documentation, the historical research on the introduction of lace technology centered on Xujiahui Notre Dame is still not exhaustive. This article uses the latest collected literature as a supplement to verify and analyze the construction of the lace workshop of Notre Dame in Xujiahui, Shanghai. Based on the technical principles in the lace system, the time and variety of lace and drawnwork technology in the Shanghai area have been combed and researched, found that the varieties in the Shanghai area are relatively rich, of which the technical traditions of Needle lace and Crochet have been formed very early. As a famous lace variety in Shanghai, the introduction time of Filet lace is not synchronized with the first two.
ОЦЕНКА И ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ СОСТАВА РЕАГЕНТА ДЛЯ ДЕЭМУЛЬСАЦИИ ПАРАФИНИСТОЙ НЕФТИ
Authors: Ivakhnenko A. , Nadirov R. , Zhantasov M. , Bimbetova G. , Kusynbek S.
Published: February 2022

В статье приведены результаты исследования по получению нового состава реагента для удаления эмульсионной воды парафинистых нефтей, со свойствами ингибирования асфальтосмо- лопарафиновых отложений (АСПО), снижения вязкости водонефтяной эмульсии. Предлагается сме- щение некоторых поверхностно-активных веществ, которые имеют различное строение, при этом на основе определенного набора исходных составляющих подбирается соответствующий состав реагентов с деэмульгирующими свойствами. В состав поверхностно-активного вещества вводится несколько индивидуальных соединений в смеси, проявляющих синергетический эффект. Предлагаемые композиции обладают комплексом свойств, являющихся результатом их совместного действия. В ре- зультате проведенных исследований технический результат достигнут путем применения состава реагента, включающего неионогенный деэмульгатор, в качестве которого использовали оксиэтили- рованные жирные кислоты, хлопковый гудрон, Сульфанол, Синтанол АЛМ-10 и растворитель при определенных соотношениях. Лабораторные испытания новой композиции, выполненные на нефтях месторождения Ащысай и модельных эмульсиях, показали, что композиция относится к реагентам для разрушения водонефтяных эмульсий.