bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation des performances du plantain en systèmes de cultures associées pérennes en zone savanicole au Kongo central en République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Vangu Germaine Paka , Mobambo Kitume Ngongo , Omondi Bonaventure Aman , Staver Charles
Published: September 2023

Le système de culture du plantain suscite un intérêt croissant à travers le monde scientifique, du fait de sa contribution à la productivité  et à la durabilité de la culture. Diverses associations sont répertoriées en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre, mais la plupart d’entre elles  sont limitées dans l’espace et dans le temps. L’objectif vise à élargir la gamme de systèmes de culture à base du bananier plantain en  zone savanicole au Kongo central en RDC. Pueraria et vétiver ont été les deux cultures utilisées comme cultures intercalaires avec le  plantain pendant trois cycles. Ils ont été évalués dans les conditions du centre de recherche, en comparaison avec la monoculture de  banane plantain utilisée comme témoin. Les plantains associés à pueraria et au vétiver ont montré de bonnes performances  agronomiques avec des poids moyens de régimes de 14711,98±1118,71 g ; 13532,11±1113 g respectivement, contre 11446,67±1098,58 g  pour le témoin et des poids moyens de doigts de 210,29±15,7 g et 190,19±16,6 g respectivement pour le pueraria et le vétiver, contre  158,18±12,6 g pour le temoin. Les plantains associés au vétiver ont également montré une circonférence de 69±11,21 cm, plus grande que  le témoin (66,3±1,05) y compris les autres associations. Le système plantain-pueraria-vétiver n’est pas plus performant. 

 

English title:  Evaluation of plantain performance in perennial associated cropping systems in the savannah zone in Kongo central in Democratic  Republic of Congo 

Plantain cropping system arouse an increasing interest across the scientific world, due to his contribution to banana plantain productivity and cultivation sustainability. Various associations are listed in West and Central Africa, but most of them  are limited in the space and in the time. This study aims to expand the range of plantain cropping systems in the savannah zone in Kongo  central in DRC. Pueraria and vetiver were the two crops used as intercrops with plantain during three cycles. They were assessed  under research center conditions, in comparison with monoculture of plantain used as control. Plantain plants associated with pueraria  and vetiver showed good agronomic performance with average bunches weights of 14711,98±1118,71 g ; 13532,11±1113 g respectively,  against 11446,67±1098,58 g of the control and with average fingers weights of 210,29±15,7 g for pueraria and 190,19±16,6 g for vetiver,  against 158,18±12,6 g of the control. Plantain plants associated with vetiver showed also a circumference of 69±11,21 cm, better than the  control (66,3±1,05) and others systems. Plantain-pueraria-vetiver system is not more performant.
Importance et distribution de Macrophomina phaseolina associé aux semences de niébé au Burkina Faso- caractérisation préliminaire des isolats du champignon
Authors: Baikoro Manan Djamila , Zida Pawindé Elisabeth , Koala Moustapha , Soalla Wendoléan Romain , Neya Bouma James , Guissou Marie Laure
Published: September 2023

Le niébé, (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), principale légumineuse cultivée au Burkina Faso, est attaqué par plusieurs agents pathogènes dont les champignons. Parmi ces champignons, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich est responsable de la pourriture  charbonneuse qui cause d’importantes pertes de production de 80 à 100%. Ces pertes pourraient être considérablement réduites à  travers l’utilisation de variétés résistantes à la maladie. L’objectif de l’étude était de contribuer au renforcement des connaissances de  l’agent pathogène de la pourriture charbonneuse du niébé pour une meilleure gestion de la maladie au Burkina Faso. A cet effet, une analyse sanitaire des semences, utilisant la méthode du papier buvard a été effectuée sur 27 échantillons de semences collectés dans 14  localités réparties dans les deux principales zones climatiques de production du niébé. La plupart des échantillons de semences collectés  (96,30%) étaient infectés par M. phaseolina. Le champignon a été retrouvé dans les semences à des taux moyens d’infection de 35,25%  dans la zone Soudanienne et 27,86% dans la zone Soudano-Sahélienne. Une caractérisation moléculaire préliminaire réalisée sur 51  isolats de Macrophomina a permis d’identifier M. phaseolina comme la principale espèce présente dans les semences de niébé dans les  deux zones étudiées. 

 

English title: Prevalence of Cowpea Charcoal Rot and Molecular Identification of Three Macrophomina Species in the Sudanian  and Sudano-Sahelian Zones of Burkina Faso 

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), the main legume crop cultivated in Burkina Faso, is  attacked by several pathogens, including fungi. Among these fungi, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich is responsible for  charcoal rot and leads to significant production losses ranging from 80 to 100%. These losses could be significantly reduced through the  use of disease-resistant varieties. The objective of the study was to contribute to the strengthening of knowledge of the causal agent of  cowpea charcoal rot for better management of the disease in Burkina Faso. For this purpose, a seed health analysis, using the blotter  paper method. A sanitary analysis was carried out on 27 seed samples collected from 14 localities distributed in the two main climatic zones of cowpea production. Most of the seed samples collected (96.30%) were infected with M. phaseolina. The fungus was found in seeds at average infection rates  of 35.25% in the Sudanian zone and 27.86% in the Sudano-Sahelian zone. A preliminary molecular characterization of 51 isolates of  Macrophomina lead to identify M. phaseolina as the main species present in cowpea seeds in the two targeted areas.
Influence des pratiques Agricoles dans l’Amélioration de la Production de Banane dans le Sud du Mali
Authors: Dembele Mamadou , Sissoko Sory , Coulibaly Sina , Coulibaly Malamine , Samake Ibrahima
Published: September 2023

La banane (Musa sp) est produite et consommée au Mali. Son rôle dans l’alimentation des populations fait d’elle un élément important  de la sécurité alimentaire et la réduction de la pauvreté. Cependant, les producteurs sont confrontés à une chute de production de leur  exploitation. Cette étude avait pour but d’évaluer l’influence des pratiques culturales dans l’amélioration de la production de cette  culture. Les données collectées auprès de 800 producteurs dont 400 producteurs à Banco (Dioïla) et 400 à Koloningué (Koutiala) ont été  classées via la méthode de la classification ascendante en trois groupes selon la taille des exploitations. L’analyse de régression a été  appliquée pour estimer l’influence des facteurs culturaux. Les résultats ont montré que les pratiques culturales appliquées par les  producteurs de banane dans lesdits sites de production influencent significativement les rendements. Les coefficients de régression des  facteurs culturaux ont été convertis en exponentiel (ex) pour l’estimation des rendements des pratiques culturales. Les résultats  montrent que les pratiques agricoles ont amélioré le rendement de 1,04 T/ha à 3,03 T/ha sur les sites de production. Cependant, la non  application des pratiques culturales constituent un manque à gagner estimable à 1,33T/ha.

 

English title: Influence of agricultural practices on banana production in Southern Mali

Bananas (Musa sp) are produced and consumed in Mali. Its role in feeding the population makes it an important element in food security  and poverty reduction. However, banana growers are facing a drop in production on their farms. The objective of this study was to assess  the influence of cultivation practices in improving the production of this crop. Data collected from 800 growers, including 400 in  Banco (Dioïla) and 400 in Koloningué (Koutiala), were classified using the bottom-up classification method into three groups according to  farm size. Regression analysis was applied to estimate the influence of cropping factors. The results showed that the cultivation practices  applied by banana growers in the said production sites had a significant influence on yields. The regression coefficients of the cultivation  factors were converted into exponentials (ex) for estimating the yields of the cultivation practices. The results show that farming  practices  improved yields from 1.04 T/ha to 3.03 T/ha on the production sites. However, the non-application of farming practices  resulted  in an estimated loss of 1.33 T/ha.
Diversité floristique et structure de la végétation d’une carrière de granite dans le district de Yamoussoukro, Centre de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Missa Koffi , Yao Konan , Koffi Jean Kouao , Soro Kafana
Published: September 2023

La Côte d’Ivoire a entrepris d’accroître l’exploitation de ses matériaux de construction. Cependant, cette exploitation entraîne une forte  dégradation de la biodiversité végétale. La présente étude a été menée dans le souci de conserver la flore d’une parcelle d’une carrière  de granite. Elle vise à évaluer la diversité végétale et la structure de la végétation du site. A cet effet, deux techniques de relevés  complémentaires de terrain ont été utilisées. Il s’agit du relevé de surface et du relevé itinérant. L'analyse des données recueillies sur la  flore et la végétation révèle que le site du projet comporte 148 espèces végétales réparties en 122 genres et 49 Familles selon la  classification APG IV (2016). Dans l'ensemble des biotopes inventoriés, les familles les plus riche en espèces sont les leguminoseae (30  espèces soit 20%), les Malvaceae (11 espèces, 12%) et les Rubiaceae (8 espèces soit 8%). La même analyse des données révèle la présence  de deux espèces végétales à statut particulier (Milicia excelsa et Milicia regia). Ces espèces à statut particulier qui souffrent  déjà des effets néfastes des pressions anthropiques seront sans doute impactées lors de la réalisation de ce projet. Le site présente  également une forte diversité floristique. L’analyse de la structure a permis de montrer que la forêt présente une bonne représentativité  des individus ayant une aire basale élevée et un diamètre supérieur ou égal à 5 cm.
Effet de la substitution du maïs par la boue d’huile de palme dans l’alimentation sur les performances de croissance des porcelets en postsevrage à Abong-Mbang au Cameroun
Authors: Mebanga A. Sassa , Mbatounga F. Emmanuel , Moussa Mohamadou , Mingoas J.P.
Published: September 2023

La présente étude avait pour objectif principal d’évaluer l’effet de la substitution du maïs par de la boue d’huile de palme dans la ration  des porcelets de race Large White en post-sevrage. Ainsi pendant 120 jours, 48 porcelets d’un poids moyen de 14,5 ±0,5 kg répartis en  quatre lots de quatre males entiers et deux femelles, avec une répétition, ont subi quatre traitements alimentaires qui différaient les uns  des autres par le taux d’incorporation de la boue d’huile de palme. Le maïs contenu dans la ration témoin, a été substitué à hauteur de  25%, 50% et 100% par de la boue d’huile de palme, pour des insertions respectives de 7,5%, 15% et 30% dans l’aliment. A la suite de la  consommation des différentes rations expérimentales, la croissance pondérale des sujets était en hausse avec l’augmentation de la  teneur de l’aliment en boue d’huile de palme. Ainsi, au terme de l’expérimentation, le gain moyen quotidien (GMQ) a été de 474 et 687  g/j respectivement pour les lots de contrôle recevant une ration témoin RT et ceux recevant une ration contenant 100% de boue d’huile  de palme, pour des indices de consommation respectifs de 3,02, 1 et 2,12 pour 1 kg.MS/kg. PV. La teneur plus élevée en matière grasse  de la boue d’huile de palme (67,3% MS) n’a pas engendré de différence significative (p > 0,05) de la teneur du sang en lipides chez les  porcs. Mais néanmoins, la teneur plus élevée en fibres alimentaires des parois cellulaires de la boue d’huile de palme (19,6% MS) a  entrainé un accroissement des fréquences diarrhéiques chez le jeune porcelet. Les résultats obtenus permettent de conclure que jusqu’à  30% d’incorporation, la boue d’huile de palme peut substituer partiellement le maïs dans l’alimentation du porcelet en post-sevrage et  réduire le coût de production.
Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load of biscuits resulting from substitution of wheat flour by caterpillar powder (Imbrasia oyemensis)
Authors: Meïté Alassane , Diaby Aboubacar , Yéboué Hermann Kouamé , Kati-Coulibaly Seraphin
Published: September 2023

Today, because of the spread of metabolic diseases, consumption of food with low glycemic impact is much encouraged. This work was  undertaken to improve the glycemic index and glycemic load of biscuits, by replacing wheat flour with caterpillar powder (Imbrasia  oyemensis), up to 5% (BFC5), 10% (BFC10), 15% (BFC15) and 20% (BFC20). The glycemic index and the glycemic load of the biscuits were  evaluated by a standard method. It appears from this study that the gradual incorporation of caterpillar powder (Imbrasia oyemensis) by  the wheat flour reduce the glycemic index (63.74 to 31.04) and the glycemic load (41.16 to 18.42) of cookies as the level of substitution  increases. The substitution of wheat flour for caterpillar powder (Imbrasia oyemensis) improved index and glycemic load of composite  biscuits.
Etude de la dynamique de la biocénose par différents indices : Caractéristiques écologiques, évolution et régénération naturelle de la forêt à Bombo Lumene (RD. Congo)
Authors: Makumbelo E. , Lukoki L. , Belesi K. , Lungiambudila M.
Published: September 2023

La déforestation de la forêt tropicale est très enregistrée ces derniers temps. L’étude in situ de la dynamique de sa biocénose devient un  souci majeur pour tout le monde. L’objectif de la présente étude était de déterminer les caractéristiques écologiques des espèces,  l’évolution des habitats herbacés et la régénération naturelle de la forêt à Bombo Lumene. Pour cela, des inventaires floristiques ont été  menés dans soixante habitats permanents délimités le long de quinze transects à la lisière forêt-formation herbacée, et les indices de  caractéristiques écologiques des espèces et de régénération naturelle de la forêt ont été calculés. L’interprétation des résultats montre  une dynamique de cette biocénose en faveur de la forêt. L’analyse approfondie des caractéristiques écologiques révèle une potentialité  écophysiologique et synécologique de cette dynamique. Les indices : forêtsavane, générique et coefficient de mélange confirment cette  évolution. L’étude des semis et des jeunes tiges ainsi que des processus de régénération détermine une bonne régénération naturelle de  cette forêt. Cette étude montre qu’une gestion durable permettra surement une très bonne régénération naturelle. 

 

English title: Dynamic study of biocenosis by different indices: Ecology characteristics, Evolution and natural Regeneration of forest at Bombo Lumene (DR Congo)

 

The reforestation of tropical forest is much recorded this latter times. A study in situ of forest biocenosis becomes a major worry for  everyone. Objective of present study has to determine ecology characteristics of species, evolution of herbaceous settlements and  natural regeneration forest at Bombo Lumene. For that floristics inventory has been carry out in sixty permanents settlements  demarcated along of fifteen transects at edge forestherbaceous formation, and index of ecology characteristics of species and of natural  forest regeneration calculated. Interpretation of results show a dynamic of this biocenosis is in favour of forest. An improve analysis of  ecology characteristics reveal an ecophysiology and synecology potentiality of this dynamic. Ratings forestsavanna, generic, and mixture  ratingconfirm this evolution. Study of seedlings, young’s sterns as well as process of regeneration determine good forest natural  regeneration. This study show sustainable management will allow very right forest natural regeneration.
Assessment of fresh fish value chain stakeholders’ food safety knowledge and pratices at the Medina Coura market in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Sissoko Aminata , Kwaku Tano Debrah , Samaké Fassé , Kunadu Angela Parry-Hanson , Maïga Boubacar Madio dit Aladiogo , Madilo Felix Kwashie , Tembely Saidou , Tembely Saidou
Published: September 2023

Fish is indeed the most important source of animal protein in the diet of the Malian population. However, in view of the multiple  manipulations it undergoes from its capture to its sale, it is subject to multiple cross contaminations which constitute threats to its safety.  The study aimed to assessing the level of food safety knowledge and practices among the fish sellers in Medina Coura market at Bamako  with the fishermen in four fishing areas (Selingue, Manantali, Markala and Mopti) located along the Niger and Senegal rivers in Mali. A structured face-to-face questionnaire was designed and administered to 247 respondents (117 fishermen and 130 selllers) were  interviewed in the value chain between November 2018 and February 2019. Data on demographics, business characteristics, knowledge  and practices in food safety was collected by purposive sampling methods, descriptive analyses were done with frequencies and  summary statistics. Chi-square statistics were computed to determine significant relationships and the p-value was set at 0.05 significant  level. The majority of sellers were female (84.6%) and fishermen were male (100%) with the majority of both being above 40 years of age. Fishermen and sellers at Bambara had primary education (63.3% respective) while fishermen at Bozo had no formal education (78.6%).  Spearman's correlation coefficient revealed that knowledge has significantly influenced the fish safety practices of the fishermen (P <  0.05). However, age and duration of service had no effects on the fish safety knowledge of the fishermen (P > 0.05). Fish safety knowledge  of the vendors has a significant positive impact on their safety practices. Respondents having received no formal education in  food safety. It was more exposed to bad practices at the level of sellers than fishermen. In view of the above, it is, important to put in  place a good public health management strategy for food sales services which will give them the knowledge and skills necessary to  provide hygienic and safe sales services.
Effet du compost à base de la biomasse de bananier sur les paramètres agromorphologiques de l’Amarante (Amaranthus cruentus) au Sud-Bénin
Authors: Awode Justin , Sikirou Mouritala , Zandjanakou-Tachin Martine , Djigbo Félicien Badou , Adekanmbi Dende Ibrahim , Bagan Gontran
Published: September 2023

La gestion de la fertilité des sols reste une préoccupation majeure des producteurs. Cette étude vise à valoriser la biomasse de bananiers  infestés par ‘’Banana Bunchy Top virus’’ dans la production de compost pour une meilleure productivité de l’amarante. Les planches ont  été installées dans un dispositif de bloc aléatoire complet de trois répétitions et quatre traitements qui sont les suivants : (1) biomasse de  bananier ‘’Tb’’, (2) biomasse de bananier et bouse de vache ‘’Tbb’’, (3) débris végétaux et bouse de vache ‘’Tdb’’ et (4) le témoin, sol  sans aucune application ‘’T0’’. Les résultats ont montré une différence significative (p<0,05) des paramètres mesurés entre les différents  traitements ainsi qu’une corrélation significative qui varie entre 0,91* et 0,99*** pour le diamètre et le nombre de feuilles par pied, poids  frais et sec (PSF) respectivement. Au nombre des substrats étudiés, Tb s’est relevé plus riche en H20, KCl, CaO, MgO, K2O, avec un  pH neutre = 7 comparativement aux Tbb et Tdb qui sont plus riches en azote total (Nt) et Carbone Organique (CO). Cette étude a montré  l’importance des fumures organiques issues de biomasses de bananiers sur l’amélioration de la fertilité des sols et à l’obtention d’une  bonne productivité de l’amarante.

 

English title: Effect of compost based on banana biomass on the growth parameters of amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) in South Benin

Soil fertility management remains a major concern for producers. This study aims to valorize the biomass of banana plants infested by  the disease of Banana Bunchy Top virus (BBTV) in the production of compost for a better production of amaranth. The boards were  installed in a complete random block design of three replicates and four treatments which are as follows: (1) banana biomass ''Tb'', (2)  banana biomass and cow dung ''Tbb'', (3) plants debris and cow dung ''Tdb'' and (4) the control, soil without any application ''T0''. The  results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the parameters measured between the different treatments as well as a   significant r correlation which varies between 0.91* and 0.99*** for the diameter and the number of leaves per foot, fresh and dry weight (PSF)  respectively. Among the three compost substrates studied, Tb was found to be richer in H20, KCl, CaO, MgO, K2O, with a neutral pH = 7  compared to Tbb and Tdb which are richer in nitrogen total (Nt) and Organic Carbon (OC). This study showed that the use of organic  manure from banana participate to improving of soil fertility and achievement of best amaranth productivity.
Caractérisation des eaux d’ablutions utilisées dans les lieux d’aisance : cas des toilettes publiques de la commune de Yopougon (Abidjan)
Authors: Yapo Wolfgang Toussaint , Gbagbo George Aubin Tchapé , Meless Franck-Renaud Djedjro , Kpaibe Philippe André Sawa , Kouassi Thérèse Agbessi , Amin Christophe Ncho
Published: September 2023

Les eaux des toilettes publiques quelquefois utilisées pour des ablutions présentent de nombreux risques sanitaires pour les  populations. L’objectif visé était de déterminer la qualité physico-chimique et bactériologique de ces eaux. Ainsi, des données ont été  collectées afin d’évaluer les risques sanitaires liés à de telle pratique. Pour ce faire, des paramètres physico-chimiques classiques ont été  déterminés par des méthodes électrochimiques et spectrophotométriques. Les paramètres bactériologiques ont été déterminés par la  technique de filtration sur membrane. Il ressort de ces analyses que la plupart des échantillons d’eau analysées ne sont pas conformes  aux normes. Les paramètres incriminés sont le chlore résiduel (0.09 mg/L), la turbidité (1,88 UNT), les E. coli (3 UFC/100 ml), les  coliformes totaux (53 UFC/100 ml). Aussi, notons-nous une corrélation entre les paramètres physico-chimiques et bactériologiques  impliquant le pH et les E. coli (r=0.46). De ce fait, l’eau d’ablution des latrines publiques est caractérisée principalement par son très faible  degré de désinfection. Cela engendre le développement de germes indicateurs de pollution fécale caractérisés par les Escherichia  coli constituant d’énormes risques sanitaires pour les populations. Une surveillance sanitaire de ces eaux servant d’ablution s’avère donc  nécessaire pour préserver la santé des populations

English title: Characterization of ablution water used in lavatories: Case of  public toilets in the municipality of Yopougon (Abidjan) 

 

Water from public toilets sometimes used for ablutions presents many health risks for the population.The objective of this study is to determine the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of ablution waterfrom public latrines in order to preserve the health of the population. Thus, data was collected to assess the healthrisks associated with such a practice. To do this, classical physico-chemical parameters were determined by electrochemical and spectrophotometric methods. The bacteriological parameters were determined by themembrane filtration technique. It appears from these analyzes that most of the water samples analyzed do notcomply with the standards. The parameters in question are residual chlorine (0.09 mg/L), turbidity (1.88 UNT),E. coli (3 CFU/100 ml), total coliforms (53 CFU/100 ml). Also, we note a correlation between the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters involving pH and E. coli (r=0.46). As a result, ablution water frompublic latrines is characterized mainly by its very low degree of disinfection. This leads to the development offaecal pollution indicator germs characterized by Escherichia coli constituting enormous health risks forpopulations. Sanitary monitoring of these waters used for ablution is therefore necessary to preserve the healthof the populations.
Impacts of intercropping on the major insect pests of Jatropha curcas L. in south of Benin
Authors: Datinon B.D. , Seïdou M. Sabi , Nondichao A.N. , Glitho A.I. , Tamo M.
Published: September 2023

Jatropha curcas is an oleaginous plant whose seed yield is low. The present study aimed at evaluating is pests associated with J. curcas. In  regards to the densities, Denticera near divisella density was obtained 0.85 larvae per plant in J. curcas in sole farming and 0.70, 0.61, 0.85  larvae respectively when intercropped with casava, maize and cowpea. When J. curcas was intercropped with cassava Stomphastis  thraustica was the most encountered species with a density of 1.28 larvae per plant while 0.61 larvae density was encountered for intercropped with maize and 0.27 larvae density with cowpea against 0.43 larvae in mono culture. For J. curcas with maize, Aulacophora  africana was the most abundant species with a density of 0.47 adult per plant. In the case of J. curcas with cowpea. D. nr divisella had the  highest density of 0.85 larvae per plant. It was also shown that the grain yield of J. curcas depends of intercrop. The yields were from  591.75 ± 109.25kg / ha; 431.75 ± 92.50kg / ha; 252.50 ± 51.50kg / ha; 89.50 ± 43.00kg/ha respectively in pure farming of J. curcas, Jatropha intercropped with maize, cowpea or cassava respectively. Therefore, it is important to choose intercropping to reduce the density of pests  in Jatropha crop.
Sevoflurane improves renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through RISK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Bo , Yan Xin , Zou Xin
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of sevoflurane on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats and its regulatory effect on reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) signaling pathway.Methods: A total of thirty (30) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, model and sevoflurane groups with 10 animals per group. Renal IRI models were created in model and sevoflurane groups, while sham group had no ligation. Renal injury was determined using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels were assayed while apoptosis was determined via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess malonaldehyde (MDA) content and inflammatory factors in kidney tissues and peripheral blood, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined using 2,7-dichlorodi-hydro fluorescein diacetate (DCFHDA) while Western blotting was used to determine the expression of apoptosis- and RISK signaling pathway-related proteins in kidney tissues.Results: Compared to model group, renal injury in sevoflurane group rats was significantly alleviated (p < 0.01). The levels of BUN and Scr in peripheral blood, apoptosis level in kidney tissues, MDA content and ROS level in kidney tissues, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 content, and content of caspase-3 protein in kidney tissues were significantly reduced (p < 0.01), whereas IL-10 content, Bcl-2/Bax ratio and expression levels of p-ERK1/2, p-Akt and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (p-GSK-3β) were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in the sevoflurane group.Conclusion: Sevoflurane represses the release of inflammatory factors, lowers ROS level and apoptosis of renal cells and improves renal function through activation of RISK signaling pathway in kidney tissues of rats with renal IRI. Thus, sevoflurane is a potential agent for the treatment of IRI.
Effect of trichostatin A on biological characteristics of side population cells of cervical cancer cell line (HeLa)
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Juan , Xian Biao , Zhang Yanping , Zhai Liangxin , Yan Tong , Chen Lunhua
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on biological characteristics of side population (SP) cells of cervical cancer cell line (HeLa)Methods: Side population (SP) and NSP cells were obtained from 6th generation of primary cervical cancer cells and cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Cell surface markers (ATP-binding membrane transporter superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), CD133, CD43, p63, Ki67, multidrug resistance (MDR) as well as cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis, were determined. SP cells in HeLa were divided into 3 groups that received TSA at doses of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.2 μM. Untreated cells served as control. Cell growth inhibition rates of different dose groups were compared. SP cells in HeLa were divided into simple irradiation group and combined irradiation group TSA (10 % inhibition concentration (IC10) + irradiation, and values of SP cell survival fraction (SF) of the two groups under different irradiation conditions were compared.Results: The content of SP in HeLa cell line was significantly higher than in cervical cancer tissue (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in expression levels of ABCG2, CD133, CD43, p63, Ki67, and MDR, as well as G0/G1, S, and G2/M phase distributions and apoptosis rate between HeLa cell line and cervical cancer tissue (p > 0.05). On the 3rd, 5th, and 7th day, SF value of SP cells was significantly higher in NSP cells (p > 0.05). With increasing concentration of TSA, SF value of NSP cells gradually decreased, while that of SP cells did not change significantly.Conclusion: Cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) contains SP cells which have biological characteristics of tumor stem cells. Moreover, TSA exerts good cytotoxicity and radio-sensitization effect on SP cells.
Effect of Asplenium nidus ethanolic extract on nociception using a Caenorhabditis elegans model
Authors: Malaluan Michael Roy Vencer , Medina Paul Mark B.
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the antinociceptive effect of Asplenium nidus ethanolic extract (ANEE) using a Caenorhabditis elegans model.Methods: Sublethality assay was performed on ANEE to determine the experimental concentrations to be used for the antinociceptive assays. Antinociceptive effect of ANEE in C. elegans was investigated using mechanosensation assays in four treatment timepoints within 72 hours. Antinociceptive index (AI) was calculated for the cells treated with ANEE cells as well as morphine, paracetamol and control (1% DMSO).Results: The mechanosensation assays revealed that ANEE (104, 103, 102 μg/mL) had a significantly higher antinociceptive index (AI) (p<0.05) compared to the vehicle control (1% DMSO). The antinociceptive effects of ANEE, 2.5 μM morphine, and 0.01% mg/mL paracetamol in C. elegans were not significantly different (p>0.05). This effect of ANEE continued after four treatments within a 72-hour period.Conclusion: The findings revealed that A. nidus ethanolic extract (ANEE) possesses antinociceptive effect which validates folkloric use of A. nidus and suggest a potential for chronic therapeutic use.
Effect of carboprost tromethamine and carbetocin on coagulation factors and prognosis in puerpera with postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine inertia
Authors: Chen Hong , Xiong Huifang , Chen Chunmei , Fan Liping
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine the effect of carboprost tromethamine and carbetocin on coagulation factors and prognosis in puerpera with postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 80 high-risk pregnant women with postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine inertia admitted to Longyan First Hospital Affiliated of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China from June 2021 to June 2022 were randomly divided into control group (oxytocin + carboprost tromethamine, n = 40) and study group (oxytocin + carboprost tromethamine + carbetocin, n = 40). Vaginal bleeding volume was recorded for both groups at delivery, and 2 and 24 h after delivery. Decrease in hemoglobin level 24 h after delivery, as well as levels of coagulation factors, and adverse drug reactions before and after treatment were assessed.Results: The third stage of labor, postpartum hemorrhage at 2 and 24 h, and decrease in hemoglobin 24 h after delivery in the study group were lower (p < 0.05). Compared with that before treatment, PLT and FIB levels also fell, while APTT and PT levels rose in both groups after treatment for 24 h (p < 0.05). Platelet count and fibrinogen levels in the study group were lower after treatment for 24 h, but APTT and PT levels were higher (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between both groups (15.00 vs 12.50 %; p > 0.05).Conclusion: Co-administration of carboprost tromethamine with carbetocin prevents high-risk postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women due to uterine inertia. It also reduces the level of bleeding, and promotes recovery of coagulation function. However, further clinical trials on a larger scale are recommended prior to the application of this treatment strategy in clinical practice.
Effectiveness of combined use of formoterol fumarate tablets and interventional bronchoscopy in the treatment of central airway tumor
Authors: Fu Dandan , Duan Lina , Zhang Chi , Liu Fengjiao , Chen Xingyi , Liu Rong , Li Zheng
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To study the effectiveness of formoterol fumarate tablets when used in combination with interventional bronchoscopy for central airway tumor.Methods: A total of 154 central airway tumor patients on admission in Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China (August 2020 - December 2022) were assigned to benign group (BG, n = 70) and malignant group (MG, n = 84), based on the nature of tumor lesion. The patients were administered formoterol fumarate tablets as well as interventional bronchoscopy. Clinical efficacy, lung function indices such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC ratio, blood gas indices (pH, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)), scores on shortness of breath, and survival rate, were determined and compared between the two groups.Results: The overall effectiveness in BG (97.14 %) was significantly higher than that in MG (84.52 %). There were higher post-treatment values of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC; higher values of pH and PaO2, lower PaCO2, and lower scores on shortness of breath in BG and MG, relative to pre- treatment levels (p < 0.05). Follow-up showed no recurrence in patients with benign tumor, and clinical efficacy was satisfactory. The 2-year survival rate of patients with malignant tumor was 51.19 %.Conclusion: The combination of formoterol fumarate tablets and interventional bronchoscopy produces significant curative effect on benign and malignant tumor in central airway. It improves lung function, blood gas indices and survival rate, and mitigates shortness of breath. Therefore, this treatment strategy has a high potential for use in clinical practice.
Use of enteral nutrition and factors influencing feeding intolerance in severely ill patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Tang Fen , Liu Pai , Wang Chunyan
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the use of enteral nutrition (EN) and factors influencing feeding intolerance (FI) in severely ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: Retrospective data collection was performed on records of 247 severely ill patients admitted to ICU of the West China Hospital, Chengdu, China between January 2020 and December 2022. Data were divided into two groups: FI group (n = 107) and non-FI group (n = 140). Influencing factors of FI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis, and the use of EN was analyzed.Results: Defined daily doses (DDDs) of enteral nutrition emulsion TPF-T (Ruineng), enteral nutrition suspension (Baipuli) and enteral nutrition emulsion TPF (Ruixian) were most prevalent. The DDDs of enteral nutrition suspension (Nengquanli 1.5) increased, while that of Nengquanli 1.0 decreased. Univariate analysis showed significant differences between FI and non-FI groups in start time of EN, addition of dietary fiber, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, use of sedatives, types of antibiotics used, use of vasoactive drugs and oral potassium preparation, mechanical ventilation and hypoalbuminemia (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that addition of dietary fiber, APACHE II score ≥ 20 points, sedatives use, types of antibiotics used ≥ 2, oral potassium preparation and hypoalbuminemia were independent risk factors of FI.Conclusion: Use of EN in ICU is consistent. Factors that influence FI in critically ill patients include dietary fiber, APACHE II score, use of sedatives, use of antibiotics, use oral potassium preparations and hypoalbuminemia. Knowledge of these risk factors and timely measures are of great significance in avoiding FI in ICU.
Efficacy of combined use of acetylcysteine and methylprednisolone in the treatment of paraquat poisoning
Authors: Yang Yudan , Zhou Pingping , Xiao Qingmian , Han Yongyan , Wang Weizhan , Yu Yulan
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the clinical impact of combined application of acetylcysteine and methylprednisolone in treating paraquat poisoning (PQP).Methods: The clinical data of 92 PQP patients who received treatment in our hospital for 1 year were analyzed. The patients were equally divided into control group (CG) and study group (SG), based on treatment plans. All patients underwent routine acute-phase treatment, while SG was additionally treated with acetylcysteine in combination with methylprednisolone. After treatment, the renal function, pulmonary fibrosis indices and inflammatory factor levels of both groups were determined.Results: During the 1 - 4 weeks of treatment, there was no statistical difference in the survival rates of patients at various time periods (p > 0.05). After treatment, there were markedly lower levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) in SG than in CG. There was lower incidence of pulmonary fibrosis in SG than in CG, although the difference was not significant. Patients in SG had lower HRCT scores and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) than those in CG (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Acetylcysteine in combination with methylprednisolone significantly reduces the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and improves renal function and inflammatory levels. It has a positive implication for early treatment of patients, especially for the prognosis of patients with mild-to-moderate poisoning. Therefore, the combined therapy has potential for clinical application.
MiR-208a reduces inflammatory responses in heart failure rats through β-catenin pathway
Authors: Song Yanrong , Guo Yu , Qin Jie , Jia Xiaojing , Yang Chentao
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-208a on heart failure (HF) in rats through β-catenin pathway.Methods: A total of 24 specific pathogen-free female Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled and randomly divided into 3 equal groups, namely, control (normal group), model, and study group (miR-208a), with 8 rats each. Echocardiography was utilized to evaluate cardiac function, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was applied to examine cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Finally, expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 were determined using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was determined via immunohistochemistry assay, while western blotting was used to measure expression of β-catenin.Results: The mRNA expression level of miR-208a was significantly lower in model group than control and study group (p < 0.05). Cardiac function of rats in model group was significantly better than other groups (p < 0.05). Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly increased in model group than in other groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, expression levels of MMPs, IL-6 and IL-10 in model group were elevated in comparison with those in study and control groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: MiR-208a reduces inflammatory response and deposition of extracellular matrix in rats with HF through inhibition of β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby restoring cardiac function.
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor is a potential therapeutic target in LPS-induced human trophoblast cell injury
Authors: Zhang Zuoman , Tang Lijun , Huang Meifang , Bi Guangliang , Huang Weimin
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage in trophoblastic HTR-8/SVneo cells (HTR8 cells), with the aim of ultimately providing new therapeutic targets of preeclampsia (PE).Methods: Trophoblastic HTR-8/SVneo was cultured and treated with LPS to mimic PE in vitro, while FK866, an antagonist of NAMPT, was used to establish an inflammatory model of HTR8 cells. Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to evaluate inflammatory response in HTR8 cells, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and oxidative stress kits were performed to quantify cell activity in HTR cells.Results: Compared with the control group, the administration of LPS significantly increased the expression levels of NAMPT in HTR8 cells. FK866 suppressed the expression levels of proinflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, and alleviated inflammation by inhibiting NAMPT-mediated NF-κB pathway. The antioxidant effect of FK866 was achieved via activation of antioxidant proteins,catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH).Conclusion: FK866 protects HTR8 cells from LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress through the inhibition of NAMPT-NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, NAMPT is a potential therapeutic target for preeclampsia (PE).
Remdesivir, dexamethasone and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors use and mortality outcomes in COVID-19 patients with concomitant troponin elevation
Authors: Umeh Chukwuemeka A , Maoz Heather , Obi Jessica , Dakoria Ruchi , Patel Smit , Maity Gargi , Barve Pranav
Published: September 2023

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could enable major advantages when guiding in real-time cardiac electrophysiology procedures offering high-resolution anatomy, arrhythmia substrate, and ablation lesion visualization in the absence of ionizing radiation. Over the last decade, technologies and platforms for performing electrophysiology procedures in a CMR environment have been developed. However, performing procedures outside the conventional fluoroscopic laboratory posed technical, practical and safety concerns. The development of magnetic resonance imaging compatible ablation systems, the recording of high-quality electrograms despite significant electromagnetic interference and reliable methods for catheter visualization and lesion assessment are the main limiting factors. The first human reports, in order to establish a procedural workflow, have rationally focused on the relatively simple typical atrial flutter ablation and have shown that CMR-guided cavotricuspid isthmus ablation represents a valid alternative to conventional ablation. Potential expansion to other more complex arrhythmias, especially ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation, would be of essential impact, taking into consideration the widespread use of substrate-based strategies. Importantly, all limitations need to be solved before application of CMR-guided ablation in a broad clinical setting.
Variant of Wellen’s syndrome in type 1 diabetic patient: A case report
Authors: Obi Mukosolu Florence , Sharma Manjari , Namireddy Vikhyath , Gargiulo Paul , Noel Chelsea , Hyun Cho , Gale Blossom De
Published: September 2023

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could enable major advantages when guiding in real-time cardiac electrophysiology procedures offering high-resolution anatomy, arrhythmia substrate, and ablation lesion visualization in the absence of ionizing radiation. Over the last decade, technologies and platforms for performing electrophysiology procedures in a CMR environment have been developed. However, performing procedures outside the conventional fluoroscopic laboratory posed technical, practical and safety concerns. The development of magnetic resonance imaging compatible ablation systems, the recording of high-quality electrograms despite significant electromagnetic interference and reliable methods for catheter visualization and lesion assessment are the main limiting factors. The first human reports, in order to establish a procedural workflow, have rationally focused on the relatively simple typical atrial flutter ablation and have shown that CMR-guided cavotricuspid isthmus ablation represents a valid alternative to conventional ablation. Potential expansion to other more complex arrhythmias, especially ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation, would be of essential impact, taking into consideration the widespread use of substrate-based strategies. Importantly, all limitations need to be solved before application of CMR-guided ablation in a broad clinical setting.
Introduction
Authors: Godin Benoît
Published: September 2023

Over the last few decades, technological innovation became the new religion of our society, the modern belief or faith. Innovation is a panacea for our socioeconomic problems. Such a belief has a long history. Yet, innovation definitely acquired a dominant and positive value thanks to or because of technological innovation. Innovation came to be what it is to us now in the context of technological innovation. This book revises the standard historiography of technological innovation.
Preliminary study of doxycycline adsorption from aqueous solution on alkaline modified biochar derived from banana peel
Authors: Nguyen Van-Truc , Nguyen Thanh-Binh , Vo Thi-Dieu-Hien , Dat Nguyen Duy , Vo Thi-Kim Quyen , Nguyen Xuan Cuong , Dinh Viet-Cuong , Le Thi-Ngoc-Chau , Duong Thi-Giang-Huong , Bui Manh-Ha , Bui Xuan-Thanh
Published: September 2023

This study explores the adsorption of doxycycline (DOX) from aqueous solutions onto biochar derived from banana peel, which was prepared using a potassium hydroxide activation method (KOH-BPB). The biochar properties were characterized based on morphology, surface area (SBET of 710.241 m2 g-1), functional groups, and surface charge (pHPZC = 7.7). Parameters, including initial pH, DOX concentration, and ionic strength, that influenced the DOX adsorption capacity of KOH-BPB were examined. Adsorption equilibrium of DOX on KOH-BPB was assessed through four isothermal models: the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. The obtained data were most compatible with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.9879). KOH-BPB has a maximum DOX absorption capacity of 121.95 mg g-1 which exceeds that of many comparable absorbents. The maximum DOX removal was 96.7% at pH 6, a DOX concentration of 20 mg L-1, and a KOH-BPB dose of 1.0 g L-1. These findings reveal that biochar from banana peel effectively removes antibiotic residues from water. This study provides a potential, low-cost, and environmentally friendly adsorbent.
Proximal methods for point source localisation
Authors: Valkonen Tuomo
Published: September 2023

Point source localisation is generally modelled as a Lasso-type problem on
measures. However, optimisation methods in non-Hilbert spaces, such as the
space of Radon measures, are much less developed than in Hilbert spaces. Most
numerical algorithms for point source localisation are based on the Frank-Wolfe
conditional gradient method, for which ad hoc convergence theory is developed.
We develop extensions of proximal-type methods to spaces of measures. This
includes forward-backward splitting, its inertial version, and primal-dual
proximal splitting. Their convergence proofs follow standard patterns. We
demonstrate their numerical efficacy.