bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Five-year migration and insert wear of uncemented tibial components with either conventional polyethylene or sequentially annealed highly crosslinked polyethylene inserts: a blinded randomized controlled trial using radiostereometric analysis
Authors: de Ridder Ruud , Kaptein Bart L. , Pijls Bart G. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. , Kaptijn Herman H.
Published: May 2023

Aims

The primary objective of this study was to compare the five-year tibial component migration and wear between highly crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE) inserts and conventional polyethylene (PE) inserts of the uncemented Triathlon fixed insert cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Secondary objectives included clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods

A double-blinded, randomized study was conducted including 96 TKAs. Tibial component migration and insert wear were measured with radiostereometric analysis (RSA) at three, six, 12, 24, and 60 months postoperatively. PROMS were collected preoperatively and at all follow-up timepoints.

Results

There was no clinically relevant difference in terms of tibial component migration, insert wear, and PROMs between the HXLPE and PE groups. The mean difference in tibial component migration (maximal total point migration (MTPM)) was 0.02 mm (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.07 to 0.11), which is below the value of 0.2 mm considered to be clinically relevant. Wear after five years for HXLPE was 0.16 mm (95% CI 0.05 to 0.27), and for PE was 0.23 mm (95% CI 0.12 to 0.35). The mean difference in wear rate was 0.01 mm/year (95% CI -0.02 to 0.05) in favour of the HXLPE group. Wear is mainly present on the medial side of the insert.

Conclusion

There is no clinically relevant difference in tibial component migration and insert wear for up to five years between the HXLPE conventional PE inserts. For the implant studied, the potential advantages of a HXLPE insert remain to be proven under clinical conditions at longer-term follow-up.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(5):518–525.
Influence of dynamic morphological modifications of atom probe specimens on the intensity of their photoluminescence spectra
Authors: Weikum E. M. , Dalapati P. , Beainy G. , Chauveau J. M. , Hugues M. , Lefebvre D. , Houard J. , Vella A. , Rigutti L.
Published: May 2023

The photoluminescence intensity of a light emitter embedded in an atom probe needle-shaped specimen varies with the morphological evolution of the latter during field evaporation. Light absorption and emission patterns within such an evolving system were calculated considering the increase in the reflectivity induced by the high electrostatic field present at the apex surface. A good agreement is obtained between the experimental and calculated photoluminescence intensity as a function of the evaporation progress. These methods could be applied to more general situations in which the properties of nanoscale objects are modulated by surface chemistry or morphology changes.
Spin-orbit interaction in nanofiber-based Brillouin scattering
Authors: Zerbib Maxime , Romanet Maxime , Sylvestre Thibaut , Wolff Christian , Stiller Birgit , Beugnot Jean-Charles , Phan Huy Kien
Published: May 2023

Angular momentum is an important physical property that plays a key role in light-matter interactions, such as spin-orbit interaction. Here, we investigate theoretically and experimentally the spin-orbit interaction between a circularly polarized optical (spin) and a transverse vortex acoustic wave (orbital) using Brillouin backscattering in a silica optical nanofiber. We specifically explore the state of polarization of Brillouin backscattering induced by the TR21 torso-radial vortex acoustic mode that carries an orbital angular momentum. Using a full-vectorial theoretical model, we predict and observe two operating regimes for which the backscattered Brillouin signal is either depolarized or circularly polarized, depending on the input pump polarization. We demonstrate that when the pump is circularly polarized and thus carries a spin angular momentum, the backscattered signal undergoes a handedness reversal of circular polarization due to opto-acoustic spin-orbit interaction and the conservation of overall angular momentum.
Efficient evaluation of a three-dimensional eye-box in a near-eye display using light-field acquisition of luminance distribution
Authors: Yeom Jiwoon , Lim Sehwan , Yang Yoonmo , Son Yeseul , Choi Kwang-soon
Published: May 2023

We propose, what we believe to be, a novel assessment methodology for evaluating three-dimensional (3D) characteristics of an eye-box volume in a near-eye display (NED) using a light-field (LF) data acquired at a single measuring distance. In contrast to conventional evaluation methods for the eye-box, where a light measuring device (LMD) changes its position in lateral and longitudinal directions, the proposed method requires an LF of the luminance distribution (LFLD) for the NEDs captured only at the single observation distance, and the 3D eye-box volume is evaluated via a simple post-analysis. We explore an LFLD-based representation for the efficient evaluation of the 3D eye-box, and the theoretical analysis is validated by simulation results using Zemax OpticStudio. As experimental verifications, we acquired an LFLD for an augmented reality NED at a single observation distance. The assessed LFLD constructed a 3D eye-box successfully over the distance range of 20 mm, which included assessment conditions where it was hard to measure the light rays’ distributions directly in the conventional methodologies. The proposed method is further verified by comparing with actual observed images of the NED both inside and outside of the evaluated 3D eye-box.
All fiber optic current sensor based on phase-shift fiber loop ringdown structure
Authors: Yu Aodi , Huang Yuhao , Li Shiyu , Wang Zhuoying , Xia Li
Published: May 2023

An all fiber optic current sensor (AFOCS) utilizing ordinary optical fiber is proposed and demonstrated, which is implemented with a phase-shift fiber loop ringdown (PS-FLRD) structure. The current-induced rotation angle is converted into a minute change in transmittance of the fiber loop, which can be obtained by measuring the phase shift. The current sensitivity is improved by allowing optical signals to traverse the sensing fiber repeatedly. The relationship between the current sensitivity, intrinsic phase shift, and initial transmittance of the fiber loop is numerically analyzed, and the tunable sensitivity is experimentally verified by adjusting the modulation frequency. An optimal current sensitivity of 0.8158°/A is experimentally obtained for the proposed sensor, and the minimum detectable current is at least 100 mA. The proposed sensor requires fewer polarization elements compared with the common type of fiber optic current sensor (FOCS) and has the characteristics of simple structure, high sensitivity, and ease of operation; it will be a promising approach in practical applications.
Predicting anti-cancer drug combination responses with a temporal cell state network model
Authors: Sarmah Deepraj , Meredith Wesley O. , Weber Ian K. , Price Madison R. , Birtwistle Marc R.
Published: May 2023

Cancer chemotherapy combines multiple drugs, but predicting the effects of drug combinations on cancer cell proliferation remains challenging, even for simple in vitro systems. We hypothesized that by combining knowledge of single drug dose responses and cell state transition network dynamics, we could predict how a population of cancer cells will respond to drug combinations. We tested this hypothesis here using three targeted inhibitors of different cell cycle states in two different cell lines in vitro. We formulated a Markov model to capture temporal cell state transitions between different cell cycle phases, with single drug data constraining how drug doses affect transition rates. This model was able to predict the landscape of all three different pairwise drug combinations across all dose ranges for both cell lines with no additional data. While further application to different cell lines, more drugs, additional cell state networks, and more complex co-culture or in vivo systems remain, this work demonstrates how currently available or attainable information could be sufficient for prediction of drug combination response for single cell lines in vitro.
Nearly half of adults with symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) did not seek clinical care: A population-based study of treatment-seeking behavior among adults in Rakai, Uganda
Authors: Ogale Yasmin P. , Kennedy Caitlin E. , Nalugoda Fred , Mpagazi Josephine , Jackson Jade C. , Galiwango Ronald , Ssekubugu Robert , Kigozi Godfrey , Denison Julie A. , Gaydos Charlotte A. , Kagaayi Joseph , Grabowski M. Kathryn
Published: May 2023

Understanding treatment-seeking behavior is critical to the treatment and control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), yet current data on STI treatment seeking in low-resource settings is rare. This population-based study aimed to describe STI treatment-seeking behavior and identify factors associated with seeking treatment at a clinic among adults with STI-related symptoms in rural Uganda. The STI prevalence study (STIPS) conducted a survey and STI testing among all consenting adults aged 18–49 in two communities in rural south-central Uganda. Of 1,825 participants, 962 individuals self-reported STI symptoms in the past six months; we present descriptive data on treatment seeking and STI prevalence among these individuals. We used multivariable Poisson regressions with robust variance to determine the sociodemographic and symptom-related factors independently associated with seeking STI treatment at a clinic and assessed the association with previous clinic treatment seeking and current STI diagnosis. Forty-three percent of adults who reported STI-related symptoms in the past six months said they did not seek any treatment. Among those who did, 58% sought treatment at a private clinic, 28% at a government clinic, 9% at a pharmacy/drug store, 3% at a traditional healer, 2% at a market/shop, and 5% at another location. Among both males and females, having multiple STI related symptoms was positively associated with clinic treatment seeking (males = PRR: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.36–2.21; females = PR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.12–1.78). Approximately one-third of males and females who reported previously seeking clinic treatment for their symptoms were diagnosed with a curable STI at the time of the survey. In this setting, nearly half of adults with STI-related symptoms are not seeking clinical care and many who report having sought treatment for recent STI symptoms have curable STIs. Future studies should explore barriers to care-seeking and strategies to improve STI services.
Willingness to use electronic medical record (EMR) system and its associated factors among health professionals working in Amhara region Private Hospitals 2021, Ethiopia
Authors: Senishaw Andualem Fentahun , Tilahun Biniyam Chakilu , Nigatu Araya Mesfin , Mengiste Shegaw Anagaw , Standal Karen
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Despite the high expectations of electronic medical records as a great prospect for improving performance in healthcare, the level of adoption and utilization, particularly in a developing country, is low. Knowing the willingness to use the electronic medical record system in the private hospital has an impact on the future implementation status and utilization of the electronic medical record in Ethiopia. However, there was no evidence of the status of the willingness to use electronic medical record systems in private hospitals in the Amhara region. This study aimed to assess the willingness to use electronic medical record Systems and its associated factors among health professionals working in Amhara Region Private Hospitals.

Methods

A cross-sectional institutional study was performed among 406 health professionals selected using proportional allocation with a simple random sampling technique in Amhara region private hospitals by using self-administered structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were performed to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% Confidence interval.

Results

Out of the 406 participants included in the analysis, 307 (75.6%) showed a willingness to use the electronic medical record system. About three hundred twelve (76.8%) health professionals had good knowledge of electronic medical record systems, and 257 (63.3%) had good computer skills in electronic medical record systems. Health professionals who had electronic medical record knowledge (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI (1.004–3.409)), EMR training (3.29, 95% CI (1.353–8.003)), technical support personnel (1.92, 95% CI (1.122–3.305)), supportive supervision (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI (1.072–3.628)), and computer skill on electronic medical record (1.77, 95% CI (1.002–3.148)) were significantly associated with the outcome variable.

Conclusions

This finding shows a good proportion of willingness to use the electronic medical record system. The most significant factors associated with willingness to use the electronic medical record system were a lack of computer skills, computer training, and knowledge of the electronic medical record system.
Translating trait to state assessment: The case of grandiose narcissism
Authors: Heyde Fien , Wille Bart , Kuijpers Evy , Vergauwe Jasmine , Hofmans Joeri
Published: May 2023

Although interest in within-person variability in grandiose narcissism is growing, measurement tools are lacking that allow studying fluctuations in this personality characteristic in a differentiated manner (i.e., distinguishing narcissistic admiration and rivalry). This study explores whether a measurement approach using the six-item version of the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale (NGS Rosenthal et al. (2007)) and six additional newly formulated adjectives allows assessing state admiration and rivalry. Structural characteristics and convergent validity of this approach were examined in an experience sampling study in which 114 adults participated, providing state assessments twice a day (total number of observations = 1306). Multilevel bifactor analyses revealed three factors (i.e., one general and two specific factors) at both within- and between-person levels. Further, admiration and rivalry showed a pattern of within-person associations with fluctuations in self-esteem and Big Five states that were consistent with theoretical expectations. Finally, average state admiration and average state rivalry correlated substantively with trait measures of these respective constructs assessed one week prior to the experience sampling design.
Vascular cognitive impairment: issues of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Lokshina A. B. , Grishina D. A. , Zakharov V. V.
Published: May 2023

Vascular brain diseases are one of the leading causes of death and disability in developed countries. Along with acute disturbance of cerebral circulation, chronic cerebrovascular diseases, which manifest as vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), are of great medical and social importance. VCIs include a wide range of cognitive impairments (CI) ranging from subjective CI to vascular and mixed dementia. The article discusses pathogenetic and clinical variants, approaches to the diagnosis of VCIs, and provides their modern classification. The features of CI, typical for chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, are described, such as a slowdown in the rate of mental activity and disorders of frontal executive functions in combination with behavioral and emotional disorders. The issues of treatment of VCI are discussed, which should be comprehensive and include correction of the underlying vascular disease, non-drug (regular physical activity, smoking cessation, cognitive training) and drug treatments aimed at improving cognitive functions. The possibilities of modern neuroprotective and symptomatic therapy of CI, including the use of Cellex®, are shown.
Antioxidant therapy in the complex treatment of patients with ischemic stroke in the acute and recovery period
Authors: Belova Yu. A. , Kotov S. V.
Published: May 2023

Improvement of therapy of patients with ischemic stroke (IS) remains a relevant problem, despite the widespread use of drug and mechanical revascularization methods during recent years. One of the pathogenetic mechanisms of IS is oxidative stress as one of the components of brain tissue damage in the acute period and a factor that prevents the processes of repair and neuroplasticity in the recovery period. This is the rationale for the use of antioxidant drugs in the acute and recovery periods of stroke. Data from clinical studies on the use of antioxidants in the treatment of patients with IS are presented. We describe the use of the domestic drug dimephosphone (dimethyloxobutylphosphonyl dimethylate), a synthetic non-anticholinesterase organophosphorus compound, which has a wide range of effects: antioxidant, antacidotic, vasodilating, membrane stabilizing, anti-inflammatory, etc. Data are given on the use of dimephosphone in the acute period of IS in patients with no indications for thrombolytic therapy, there was a decrease in neurological deficit and a decrease in disability. The positive results of the use of dimephosphone in the recovery period of IS and in chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency are described. The data of our own study on the use of dimephosphone in the complex therapy of cognitive rehabilitation of patients in the recovery period of IS are presented. A statistically significant recovery of cognitive functions was registered according to the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA), and an increase in the MoCA score by 2 points or more in 59.6% of patients. An improvement in executive functions, an increase in the flexibility of cognitive control of cognitive processes, and the predominance of verbal thinking over sensory-perceptual were noted.
Prediction of cerebral ischemia during carotid stenting depending on the intensity of the preoperative ultrasound signal from the plaque
Authors: Tanashyan M. M. , Medvedev R. B. , Anufriev P. L. , Gemdzhian E. G. , Shchipakin V. L. , Koshcheev A. Yu. , Krotenkova M. V.
Published: May 2023

Carotid stenting is an effective method for improving cerebral perfusion; risk assessment of cerebral embolism associated with this intervention remains a hot research topic. Objective: to identify predictors of cerebral embolism associated with carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS). Material and methods. A prospective exploratory research included 46 patients (age from 44 to 81 years, median 65 years) with atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid artery, who underwent CAS and were treated at the Scientific Center of Neurology (Moscow). The study did not include patients with restenosis, stroke with severe disability, contraindications for antiplatelet therapy, statins, and MRI examination. All patients underwent preoperative ultrasonographic (US) examination and postoperative histological examination of particles in carotid stent embolic protection devices. The state of the brain was assessed before and 24 hours after CAS using diffusion-weighted MRI. To identify predictors of the development of cerebral embolism, the clinical characteristics of patients, together with ultrasonographic and morphological data, were examined in a multivariate statistical analysis.Results. Preoperative US signal from an atherosclerotic plaque of high (estimated above 35 dB) intensity was associated with dense matter (in a protective device) of the "fibrosis with calcification" and "calcification" type and with a high probability (80%; 95% confidence interval 71–85% ) predicted intraoperative embolization of cerebral vessels with the acute ischemic lesions (AIL) formation. In a low (not higher than 35 dB) intensity of the preoperative ultrasound signal, the probability of AIL formation was statistically significantly lower (50%). Conclusion. There is a direct correlation between the intensity of the ultrasound signal and the density of the substance in the protective device. A high intensity of the preoperative ultrasound signal (estimated above 35 dB) is an unfavorable predictor of AIL, associated with CAS (with a probability of about 80%).
Headache and epilepsy: prevalence and clinical variants
Authors: Osipova V. V. , Artemenko A. R. , Shmidt D. A. , Antipenko E. A.
Published: May 2023

Headache, which is often present in patients with epilepsy, can occur outside of epileptic seizures as well as have a temporary connection with them – occur immediately before, during or after an attack. Clinical types of headache in epilepsy are considered in the International Classification of Headache, but not in the classification of epileptic seizures and types of epilepsy. Meanwhile, the presence of concomitant headache and its clinical phenotype should be taken into account when choosing treatment tactics in patients with epilepsy. The article presents data on the prevalence of different types of headache in patients with epilepsy and a modern classification of cephalalgia depending on the temporal relationship with an epileptic attack. Diagnostic criteria for four clinical variants of cephalgia are given: interictal, preictal, ictal and postictal. The comorbid relationship between epilepsy and migraine is considered in more detail, including the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the combination of these paroxysmal conditions.
Characterization of New Cellulose Fiber Extracted from Pithecellobium dulce Tree
Authors: Sathishkumar Tottyeapalayam Palanisamy , Navaneethakrishnan Palanisamy , Shivaram Subbaraya Velumani , Kanna Sridhar Santhosh , Rajeshkumar Lakshminarasimhan , Rajeshkumar Guruswamy
Published: May 2023

Lightweight materials are continuously required for various parts of automobile and aerospace applications. In this connection, natural fibers are widely used to develop polymer composites due to their being biodegradable and lightweight. The demand for natural fiber for developing the lightweight polymer composite is needed for new fibers. The present work extracts and characterizes the bio-fiber from the Pithecellobium dulce (PDs) plant. The Pithecellobium dulce fiber (PDF) has a cellulose content of 63.45 wt.%, hemicellulose content of 14.56 wt.%, lignin content of 8.45 wt.%, wax content of 0.37 wt.%, moisture content of 11.71 wt.%, and ash content of 4.85 wt.%. The physical density and crystallinity index of PDF was 1097 kg/m3 and 9.7 %. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus properties were identified as 317–1608 MPa and 8.41– 69.61 GPa. The thermal stability of PDF showed at higher temperatures of 339.1°C. This revealed higher cellulose content leading to the higher bonding of cellulose structure. The properties of PDFs can be used to make green polymer composites.
Editorial
Authors: Leidenhag Joanna , Göcke Benedikt Paul
Published: May 2023

Analytic theology and Science-Engaged Theology are two of the most exciting movements within theology in recent years, and have much in common. Both are interdisciplinary endeavours that engage other sub-disciplines (analytic philosophy and the natural and behavioural sciences, respectively) in the service of theology. Many (although not all) of the same scholars actively contribute to both movements. Furthermore, analytic theology and science-engaged theology both maintain the primacy and integrity of the theological task, whilst simultaneously inviting other disciplines to enrich theological reflection, criticism, and confession.
Love, Loss, and Blue Ribbons
Authors: Lochetto Stephen
Published: May 2023

Every summer, rural America comes alive with agricultural fairs, centered around 4-H animal projects. During the course of these projects, a child raises an animal over the course of a spring and summer to be competitively judged and ultimately sold. How do children negotiate this short-term relationship with their animal? I conducted an ethnographic study of 4-H participants among Lancaster County (PA) as well as Ohio community fairs to elucidate this question and others. The experience gained during animal projects, especially showing an animal, serves as a tool to teach children about desirable, human constructed cultural traits that will help them navigate life’s challenges. Additionally, children learn about foodways, material culture and community-driven aesthetic values.
La música en el rescate de la ancestralidad y la memoria oral desde la Cátedra de Estudios Afrocolombianos
Authors: García Ortiz Doris Lised
Published: May 2023

En el marco de la implementación del Proyecto Cátedra de la Paz, liderado desde los semilleros de investigación “Niñez, conflicto y paz” de la Universidad de Cundinamarca; y “Educación y paz, memoria y territorio” del Politécnico Grancolombiano,se realizó entre 2018 y 2021 un taller para la Cátedra de Estudios Afrocolombianos, orientado a profesores y estudiantes de los colegios en donde se desarrollaba dicho proyecto. El presente documento aborda la propuesta teórica que acompañó la estrategia del taller y la implementación en el aula, desde conceptos como la ancestralidad, la memoria y las resistencias afro en la música, principalmente la salsa como cantón de saberes populares negros en América Latina y Colombia, referidos a la religiosidad, la supervivencia cotidiana y las memorias.
La evaluación motivacional en una experiencia de trabajo colaborativa con escolares
Authors: Curione Bulla Karina , Da Silva Ramos Mónica , Cuevasanta Galati Diego
Published: May 2023

Se presenta un diálogo entre la perspectiva motivacional y socio-cultural vinculada a una intervención colaborativa en una escuela pública de Montevideo (Uruguay). Participaron 22 escolares, su maestra y la directora del centro. Se obtuvo información proveniente de diferentes fuentes, la Escala de Orientación Intrínseca vs. Extrínseca en el Salón de Clases, las observaciones participantes de las actividades con los niños y niñas, las entrevistas con maestra y directora. Posteriormente se desarrollaron estrategias de abordaje específicas para fortalecer la motivación intrínseca de aquellos niños y niñas motivados extrínsecamente. La comparación grupal antes y después, constató un cambio de la orientación intrínseca a la extrínseca en todas las dimensiones motivacionales. Sin embargo, se observó un incremento significativo de la motivación intrínseca en los niños y niñas que participaron de la intervención específicamente en la dimensión Curiosidad. Estos resultados son alentadores para pensar en propuestas que integren una perspectiva motivacional.
La construcción de la infancia en Guapi: Desarrollo infantil y agencia desde una perspectiva cultural
Authors: Pelaez Cordoba Luisa
Published: May 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo caracterizar cómo los niños y niñas de Guapi se apropian de los ofrecimientos culturales y agencian posibilidades para la construcción de su desarrollo. Se recopila información acerca de algunas formas de estudiar y percibir la infancia a lo largo del siglo XX y XXI, evidenciando que han surgido nuevas miradas alrededor de la infancia, que consideran la cultura como eje transversal en la vida de niños y niñas. La información se recopiló a través de observaciones, entrevistas y conversaciones cotidianas con niñas, niños y adultos cuya ocupación estuviera directamente relacionada con la infancia en el municipio de Guapi, Cauca. Los datos se analizaron a la luz de enfoques teóricos desde la antropología de la infancia y la psicología cultural del desarrollo, como el agenciamiento infantil, participación guiada y la construcción sociocultural de la infancia. Los resultados de esta investigación nos permiten acercarnos al reconocimiento de los niños y niñas como actores sociales protagónicos agentes de su experiencia, y a los adultos, en su papel de agentes culturales, como facilitadores y promotores del desarrollo infantil autónomo.
Visualização de formas geométricas ornamentadas em árvores urbanas
Authors: Pinto Leivas Jose Carlos
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, em um estudo de caso, que teve por objetivo analisar como participantes de uma oficina ministrada pelo autor, em um evento internacional, visualizam formas geométricas espaciais encontradas em árvores (ciprestes) ornamentadas à frente de moradias em uma cidade urbanizada no sul do Brasil, a partir de registros fotográficos do pesquisador. Participaram 29 sujeitos, os quais responderam a um formulário no Google Forms, no início dos trabalhos, como uma forma de motivá-los para a sequência das atividades. Foram propostas imagens que se assemelhavam a elipsoides, a paraboloides e a cones, para que os participantes respondessem se percebiam formas geométricas em tais objetos, que foram ornamentados pelo homem, dando-lhes formatos que o investigador percebeu envolver Geometria. Além disso, solicitava-se que apresentassem uma pequena justificativa para suas escolhas. Os resultados mostraram que os participantes, de diversos níveis de ensino superior e de variadas instituições, apresentaram grande dificuldade em perceber formas 3D, limitando-se, em maioria, a formas 2D. Além disso, as nomenclaturas empregadas nem sempre seguiram aquelas que são matematicamente empregadas, incluindo algumas que são inapropriadas. Conclui-se ser necessário desenvolver percepções e habilidades que proporcionem o desenvolvimento de pensamento geométrico.
Biomas brasileiros: espaço ocupado como objeto de pesquisa em programas de pós-graduação científica
Authors: De Souza Débora Velasque , Cunha Fernando Icaro Jorge , Castro Luis Roberval Bortoluzzi , Dinardi Ailton Jesus
Published: May 2023

Os Biomas brasileiros vêm sofrendo drasticamente com os impactos ambientais ocasionados, principalmente pelo agronegócio e outros meios de produção que utilizam dos recursos naturais. Ainda que seja um assunto de extrema relevância, encontram-se muitos registros de falhas dentro do processo de ensino e aprendizagem sobre os Biomas brasileiros na Educação Básica. Dessa forma o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar de forma quali-quantitativa as pesquisas sobre o tema Biomas brasileiros, nos programas de pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Educação em Ciências, nos últimos dez anos a fim de compreender se esse assunto também é negligenciado enquanto temática de pesquisas. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática a fim de reconhecer a produção de dissertações e teses sobre os “Biomas” nos Programas de Pós-graduação de universidades públicas, localizados nas 5 regiões do Brasil, entre os anos de 2011-2020. Dessa maneira, pode-se inferir que o número de pesquisas encontradas são insuficientes para debater a temática e favorecer um processo de ensino e aprendizagem que seja eficiente. Da mesma forma, as pesquisas encontradas objetivam, na grande maioria, investigar e não promover ações que possam trazer melhorias ao contexto educacional e assim favorecer a consciência ambiental.
Mapeamento de pesquisas brasileiras sobre o livro didático de ciências e a base nacional comum curricular
Authors: Hensing Nilles Jéssica , De Andrade Leite Fabiane
Published: May 2023

O presente texto tem como objetivo identificar aspectos que caracterizam as pesquisas brasileiras que abordam o Livro Didático de Ciências no contexto atual de implementação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular na Educação Básica. Por meio de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa utilizou-se como objeto teses e dissertações disponíveis na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. A busca teve como descritores: “Base Nacional Comum; Livro Didático; e Ensino Ciências”. O levantamento ocorreu no mês de abril de 2021 e foram identificados seis trabalhos, sendo todos do tipo dissertação, que apresentam aproximação com o objetivo proposto no estudo. O processo de análise de conteúdo possibilitou organizar três categorias: Contexto da pesquisa, Natureza da pesquisa e Enfoque da pesquisa; e, com isso, subcategorias que contribuem para caracterizar. Os resultados apontam que os estudos foram realizados a partir de 2018, ano em que a versão final da Base Nacional Comum Curricular foi publicada. Além disso, destaca-se um maior número de estudos realizados em universidades no nordeste brasileiro, também, para pesquisas com foco em estudos documentais e, ainda, observou-se uma prevalência em investigações que tratam de conhecimentos-conteúdos de Ciências apresentados nos Livros Didáticos e na Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Nos estudos realizados em Livros Didáticos que correspondem ao Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático anterior a 2019 evidencia-se a necessidade de adaptação dos Livros Didáticos aos documentos curriculares e há indicação de certo distanciamento entre o que está nos Livros Didáticos de Ciências e o que está na proposta dos documentos oficiais.  Já os Livros Didáticos analisados nos estudos após o Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático de 2019 percebe-se uma preocupação sobre o processo de adequação das propostas da Base Nacional Comum Curricular nestes materiais.
La Formación de Profesores de Fisica en Colombia: Retos entre la regulación normatica y las posibilidades académicas
Authors: Hoyos Nelson Enrique , Castiblanco Abril Olga Lucía , Garcia Edwin German , Forero Sandra Milena , Arias Gil Vanessa
Published: May 2023

La presente reflexión surge como síntesis de la mesa sobre “La formación de los profesores de física”, en el 11 Congreso Nacional de Enseñanza de la Física, que tuvo lugar en la Universidad de Antioquia del 11 al 14 de noviembre de 2022.   El objetivo de la mesa era caracterizar los retos actuales en la formación de profesores de física, dadas las exigencias normativas, establecidas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional y las Instituciones de Educación Superior, y la consecuente tensión con las perspectivas y construcciones teóricas que emergen desde las comunidades académicas en el campo de la didáctica de la física, así como el ideal en los programas de formación de futuros profesores de física.
Antecedent of Work Life Balance and Employee Commitment in Ekiti State University, Nigeria
Authors: Awolaja Ayodeji M , Bola Adekola
Published: May 2023

The study examined the effects of work-life balance on employee commitment in Ekiti State University. The total population under consideration was eight hundred and two academic staff of Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, gotten from the Estab. Academic as at November, 2022. The sample size for this study was three hundred and sixty-seven respondents using convenient technique among the academic staff of Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti using Taro Yamane (1967) model. The method of data analysis used was simple regression analysis to achieve the stated objectives. The result revealed that there is significant effect of flexible work arrangements, Human Resource family support services and Human Resource financial incentives on employee commitment among employees of Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti.
Originality of Philosophical Methodology of Qādiyānīyya and Ismāʻīlīyya Sects
Authors: Shamsuddin Salahuddin
Published: May 2023

Shiites believe that the Prophet Muḥammad is the last prophet, but the Imam is infallible also to them as well as the prophet. However, Qādiyānīyya sect sees that the door of prophecy is still open. They believe that Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad was a Prophet, and that despite this fact that all Muslims believe that Muḥammad was the last Prophet. “Qādiyānī” is an attribution to (Qādiyān), which is a place in the state of (Punjab) in India, where Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad was born and claimed the prophet-hood. Qādiyānism is made to impersonate the identity of Islamic message and considered a mass fraud. It is the slander and mockery of the prophet-hood of Muḥammad and his message. The difference between Qādiyānīyya and Esoteric Ismāʻīlīyya sects is that Shiites are considered one of the Islamic sects, but Qādiyānīyya sect are considered a non-Muslim minority, so as stated in the fatwas issued by the theologians and scholars of Islam in every Arab-Islamic country that it is a sect misguided and has a false claim that Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad invented a new religion named Qādiyānīyya. Qādiyānī religion is just a repeating the old drum of the philosophy of Esoteric Ismāʻīlīyya and the social philosophy of Qarāmiṭa. It is adopted by British colonialists. The philosophy of interpretation of Qur’anic verses to Esoteric Ismāʻīlīyya had not grown in Islamic land, but it was resulted from the intellectual Hermes approach of Harran from Sabean and the philosophy of Eliminationists generated by the theory of Emanation of New Platonism.
Rapid Input-Output Transformation between Local Field Potential and Spiking Activity during Sensation but not Action in the Superior Colliculus
Authors: Bourrelly Clara , Massot Corentin , Gandhi Neeraj J.
Published: May 2023

Sensorimotor transformation is the sequential process of registering a sensory signal in the environment and then responding with the relevant movement at an appropriate time. For visually guided eye movements, neural signatures in the form of spiking activity of neurons have been extensively studied along the dorsoventral axis of the superior colliculus (SC). In contrast, the local field potential (LFP), which represents the putative input to a region, remains largely unexplored in the SC. We therefore compared amplitude levels and onset times of both spike bursts and LFP modulations recorded simultaneously with a laminar probe along the dorsoventral axis of SC in 3 male monkeys performing the visually guided delayed saccade task. Both signals displayed a gradual transition from sensory activity in the superficial layers to a predominantly motor response in the deeper layers, although the transition from principally sensory to mostly motor response occurred ∼500 μm deeper for the LFP. For the sensory response, LFP modulation preceded spike burst onset by <5 ms in the superficial and intermediate layers and only when data were analyzed on a trial-by-trial basis. The motor burst in the spiking activity led LFP modulation by >25 ms in the deeper layers. The results reveal a fast and efficient input-output transformation between LFP modulation and spike burst in the visually responsive layers activity during sensation but not during action. The spiking pattern observed during the movement phase is likely dominated by intracollicular processing that is not captured in the LFP.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhat is the sequence of events between local field potential (LFP) modulation and spiking activity during sensorimotor transformation? A trial-by-trial analysis reveals that the LFP activity leads the spike burst in the superficial and intermediate layers of the superior colliculus during visual processing, while both trial-by-trial and the average analyses show that the spike burst leads the LFP modulation during movement generation. These results suggest an almost instantaneous LFP input, spike burst output transformation in the visually responsive layers of the superior colliculus when registering the stimulus. In contrast, substantial intracollicular processing likely results in a saccade-related spike burst that leads LFP modulation.
Differentiation of food preservation methods to avoid waste
Authors: Angeles-Segoviano Michelle , Hernández-Vázquez Berenice
Published: May 2023

Food waste is a problem that affects the food security of Mexican households, increases the erosion of ecological, social, and economic resources, and puts greater pressure on production systems, supply chains and consumers. Among members of society, the waste or discard of perishable products of agricultural origin, linked to intentional or unintentional human behavior and negligence, is in the last links of the food chain. The waste or discard of perishable products of agricultural origin, linked to human behavior and negligence, with or without intentionality, is located at the bottom of the food chain. It is the members of the household who waste the water-soil-energy resources used in food production. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that 17% of total food production worldwide is wasted; of this, 61% corresponds to households, with fruits and vegetables being the most important, representing 45% of the waste. The development of new practices associated with the reduction of food waste in households are key to the development of strategies that allow the gradual reduction of losses and contribute to the fulfillment of goal 12 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030. The proposal to group different preservation methods, based on the differentiation of fruits and vegetables by organ of consumption in the home, will promote affordable options that contribute to the reduction of waste in households, improve food security, strengthen the household economy, and reduce the ecological impact caused by irresponsible consumption.
Classification and Synthesis of the Main Dropshipping Disàdvantages to Eliminate them using Software Agents
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Zelenko E. , Kataieva Ye. ,   Cherkasy State Technological University
Published: May 2023

Dropshipping is one of the most used models of modern e-commerce. However, some of its disadvantages can have a negative impact on business. The main disadvantages of dropshipping are identified and those that are expected to be eliminated at the pricing stage by implementing special software using software agents are distinguished. As a result of the work carried out, a set of the most significant disadvantages has synthesized based on the most important criteria for buyers and a hypothesis was put forward regarding the minimization of their negative impact. The resulting software may be adapted for use by dropshipping retail companies.
Bicomponent sorting algorithms
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology, Shynkarenko V. I. , Doroshenko A. Yu. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Yatsenko O. A. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Raznosilin V. V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology, Halanin K. K. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology
Published: May 2023

he possibilities of improving sorting time parameters through preprocessing by stochastic sorting were investigated. The hypothesis that two-component stochastic + classical sorting outperforms classic one-component sorting in terms of time efficiency was experimentally confirmed. Sorting with different computational complexity is accepted as classical sorting algorithms: shaker sort- ing with computational complexity O(n2), insertions O(n2), Shell O(n·(log n)2) ... O(n3/2), fast with optimization of ending sequences O(n·log n). The greatest effect is obtained when performing comparisons using stochastic sorting in the amount of 160 percent of the array’s size. Indicators of the efficiency of the exchange of two elements, as well as series of exchanges, are introduced. This allowed to determine the highest efficiency of stochastic sorting (as the first component of two-component sorting), when one element for comparison is chosen from the first part of the array and the other from the second. For algorithms with a computational complexity of O(n2) the improvement in time efficiency reached 70–80 percent. However, for Shell sort and quick sort, the stochas- tic presort has no positive effect, but instead increases the total sorting time, which is apparently due to the initial high efficiency of these sorting methods. The hypothesis that three-component sorting fast + stochastic + insertions would increase sorting time efficiency was not confirmed. However, during the experiment, the recommended size of the array was determined, at which point the two-component quick + insertion sort must be switched to the second component – insertion sorting. The optimal length of the ending sequences is between 60 and 80 elements. Given that algorithm time efficiency is affected by computer architecture, operat- ing system, software development and execution environment, data types, data sizes, and their values, time efficiency indicators should be specified in each specific case.
Automated parallelization of a program for modeling intraparticle diffusion and adsorption in heterogeneous nanoporous media
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Doroshenko A.Yu. , Petryk M.R. ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Mykhalyk D.M. ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ivanenko P.A. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Yatsenko O.A. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

Heterogeneous media consisting of thin layers of particles of forked porous structure with different physical-chemical properties are widely used in science-intensive technologies and priority sectors of industry, medicine, ecology, etc. Such layers are distributed systems of pores consisting of two main spaces: micro- and nanopores of particles and macropores and cavities between particles. Mass transfer in the system of heterogeneous media causes two types of mass transfer: diffusion in macropores, owing to interparticle space, and diffusion in the system of micro- and nanopores inside particles of the heterogeneous medium. Intraparticle space has a higher level of adsorptive capacity, and at the same time, has a lower velocity of diffusion intrusion in comparison with interparticle space. In modeling concentra- tion and gradient fields for various diffusible components, an important scientific problem is the identification of kinetic parameters of a transfer, predetermining mass transfer velocity on macro- and micro levels, and also equilibrium conditions. The results of designing and parallelization of a program implementing a Crank-Nicolson scheme using algebra-algorithmic specifications represented in a natural- linguistic form are given. The tools for automated design, synthesis and auto-tuning of programs were applied that provided the translation of algebra-algorithmic schemes into source code in a target programming language and its tuning for execution environment to increase the program performance. Numerical distributions of values of diffusion coefficients for intraparticle transfer along coordinate of medium thickness for various time snapshots were obtained. Based on the results of the identification, the models were checked for adequacy and numerical modeling and analysis of concentration and gradient fields of mass transfer were carried out. The experiment results of auto- tuning the software implementation demonstrated high multiprocessor speedup on test data input.
Prenatal Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease
Authors: Sethi Neeta , Miller Stephen , Hill Kevin D.
Published: May 2023

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease makes it possible to optimize and coordinate care of the fetus and pregnant person. Benefits encompass the full spectrum of pre- and perinatal care, from counseling to optimization of pregnancy care and fetal intervention. Prenatal diagnosis reduces the likelihood of postnatal hemodynamic compromise and improves long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Despite the benefits, prenatal diagnosis rates remain suboptimal, particularly for lesions that are not seen on standard 4-chamber imaging views. Improving prenatal diagnosis rates requires education and outreach efforts targeting community practices where most initial screening occurs.