bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absorción de plomo de suelos altamente contaminados en especies vegetativas usadas para consumo animal y humano
Authors: Coyago Elena , Bonilla Sara
Published: April 2017

El presente trabajo evaluó la capacidad de absorción de plomo de tres especies vegetativas: Amaranto Hybridus (amaranto), Beta Vulgaris (acelga) y Medicago sativa (alfalfa); las tres especies fueron germinadas en semilleros, usando tierra negra y tierra mezcla,  y replantadas en suelos contaminados artificialmente con concentraciones de 2,5, 5 y 10%, con la finalidad de determinar la cantidad de plomo absorbida en diferentes tiempos. La evolución de la absorción de plomo en las diferentes especies vegetativas fue medida utilizando la técnica de digestión ácida y cuantificada en un espectrofotómetro de absorción atómica a 0, 20, 30, 45, 60 y 90 días de exposición. La absorción de plomo se vio influenciada directamente por la biomasa generada. El amaranto presentó etapas de desintoxicación, mientras que la alfalfa y acelga presentaron una absorción continúa, este factor involucra un problema potencial en seguridad alimentaria ya que retiene el contaminante en la estructura vegetativa, provocando la contaminación de animales y humanos debido al consumo directo en  zumos o precocidos.
Evaluación química y microbiológica de la playa de “los esteros” en la ciudad de Manta
Authors: González Arteaga Carlos Enrique , González Arteaga Hilda Yajaira
Published: April 2017

En la actualidad existen un sinnúmero de estudios ambientales de las aguas de ríos y playas del cantón Manta y de diferentes partes, en esta ocasión nos referimos a las playas de la parroquia “Los Esteros” de la ciudad de Manta, las cuales, en sus 1,2 km de extensión aproximada se encuentran con altos índices de contaminación en sus aguas y esto es un problema que viene desde hace algunas décadas. Algunos criterios coinciden en que para remediar este grave problema se necesitarán diez años, otros creen que son cien pero en fin, todas las hipótesis que se tejen alrededor de la mencionada playa se disipan con esta investigación, ya que en la misma adjuntamos análisis realizados en los últimos meses del año pasado y en los primeros meses del año en curso. Aquí describimos la cantidad de DBO5, DQO, sólidos suspendidos así como coliformes totales, E. coli entre otros factores que inciden en las características de las aguas y que por lo investigado hacen de esta playa considerada como poco apta para usos recreativos de contacto primario. Presentamos análisis estadísticos de las aguas realizadas en el año 2013 y bajo las normas establecidas por el índice de calidad del agua y la comparación con los límites máximos permisibles para descargas a cuerpos marinos, establecidos en la Ley de Gestión Ambiental.
Conocimientos y prácticas ancestrales y tradicionales fortalecen la sustentabilidad de los sistemas hortícolas de la parroquia de San Joaquín
Authors: Loyola Illescas Juan Gerardo
Published: April 2017

El presente estudio lleva a establecer si los conocimientos y práctica ancestrales y tradicionales que desarrollan los agricultores de la parroquia de San Joaquín del Cantón Cuenca, fortalecen la sustentabilidad de los sistemas hortícolas.

 

Para conocer si estos sistemas se mantienen productivos a través del tiempo se utilizó el Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad (MESMIS), comparando las prácticas productivas de una finca convencional con nueve fincas agroecológicas, donde se estableció los puntos críticos de los sistemas hortícolas para en el futuro modificarlos y lograr sistemas productivos más sustentables a pesar de ser intensivos.

 

En el estudio se estableció en la dimensión ambiental logra un mínimo del 2.8/5 (56%) y como máximo al 3.8/5  (76%), dentro de la dimensión social se establece un valor mínimo de 3.2/5  (64%) y un valor máximo de 4.8/5  (96%), y la dimensión económica con un valor mínimo de 2.6/5 (52%) y máximo del 4.8/5 (96%).   

 
Los sistemas hortícolas se establece que cuentan con un grado de sustentabilidad significativo, debido a que las tres dimensiones agroecológicas se encuentran por encima del promedio, debido a que los campesinos desarrollan diversas prácticas ancestrales, tradicionales y culturales dentro de los agroecosistemas como: en lo social; la asociatividad interna de las familias para la producción y comercialización, en la producción; la asociación, la rotación y la biodiversidad, logrando una producción diversificada que genera los beneficios económicos  para mejorar la calidad de vida de cada uno de los integrantes que conforman la familia campesina.
Análisis de inundaciones costeras por precipitaciones intensas, cambio climático y fenómeno de El Niño. Caso de estudio: Machala.
Authors: Serrano Vincenti Sheila , Reisancho Puetate Andrés , Borbor-Córdova Mercy J. , Stewart-Ibarra Anna M.
Published: April 2017

El presente trabajo busca estimar las amenazas por inundación debido a los efectos de las lluvias intensas, cambio climático y el Fenómeno de El Niño (ENOS) sobre la ciudad de Machala. Se han estudiado 7 estaciones meteorológicas del Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (INAMHI), dos de las cuales tenían datos diarios con series temporales con más de 30 años. Las variables estudiadas corresponden a datos de precipitación y temperaturas máximas y mínimas analizadas con el programa R-climdex, conjugadas con los datos de los reportes de inundaciones de la Secretaría Nacional de Gestión de Riesgos SNGR y el Índice del Fenómeno del Niño ONI. Los resultados muestran que Machala es una ciudad en riesgo ante inundaciones en la que los eventos extremos de precipitación son la principal causa y están en aumento, tanto en intensidad como en frecuencia, lo cual es congruente con el fenómeno de cambio climático. Además se encontró que los eventos de inundación están directamente relacionados con la aparición de ENSO. En lo que se refiera a la temperatura, se encontró que los valores extremos de temperaturas mínimas también están en aumento, una evidencia más de que el cambio climático podría estar afectando a la mencionada ciudad.
Evaluación del paico Chenopodium ambrosioides y chocho Lupinus mutabilis Sweet como antiparasitarios gastrointestinales en bovinos jóvenes
Authors: Clavijo López Francisco , Barrera Mosquera Víctor Hugo , Rodríguez Iturralde Luis Fernando , Grijalva Olmedo Jorge Eduardo , Godoy Ortiz Germán Arturo , Mosquera Andrade Jorge , Yánez Ortíz Iván Patricio
Published: April 2017

Las pérdidas producidas por parásitos internos en bovinos son incalculables, de ahí la necesidad de establecer mecanismos de reducirlas con el uso de tratamientos alternativos a los químicos. Se evaluó el suministro del extracto acuoso del paico (Chenopodium ambrosioides) y del extracto fitoquímico de chocho (Lupinus mutábilis Sweet) en el control de parásitos gastrointestinales en bovinos de 4 a 18 meses de edad, en diferentes dosis por kg de peso corporal con una y dos aplicaciones, frente a un testigo absoluto sin aplicación de producto y a un testigo convencional con aplicación de Fenbendazol. Se evaluaron 10 tratamientos con 4 repeticiones representados por un animal como unidad experimental, los cuales fueron asignados en un Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar. Se analizó el recuento e identificación de huevos de parásitos gastrointestinales pre-aplicación, la efectividad de los productos, la curva de reinfestación de los productos efectivos, la ganancia diaria de peso y los costos de cada tratamiento. Los resultados muestran que los géneros de parásitos encontrados fueron Trichostrongylus sp., Haemonchus sp.y Eimeria sp. Los productos orgánicos y el control químico mostraron una efectividad hasta del 100% en la reducción del número de huevos de parásitos gastrointestinales dependiendo de la dosis y el número de aplicaciones. El periodo de reinfestación depende de la residualidad del producto y se evidencia a partir del día 30 post-aplicación. La ganancia diaria de peso no fue significativamente influenciada por la parasitosis de los animales. Los productos orgánicos constituyen una estrategia económicamente factible para el control de parásitos gastrointestinales.
Composición química, actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana del aceite esencial proveniente de la hojas de Piper pubinervulum C. DC Piperaceae.
Authors: Noriega Paco , Mosquera Tatiana , Abad Juan , Cabezas Diana , Piedra Sebastián , Coronel Ivonne , Maldonado María Elena , Bardiserotto Anna , Vertuani Silvia , Manfredini Stefano
Published: April 2017

Piper puvinervulum C. DC., es una planta medicinal utilizada por los indígenas amazónicos del sur del Ecuador, las hojas poseen características aromáticas. El objetivo de la presente investigación es la de extraer y analizar las propiedades químicas y de actividad biológica del aceite esencial proveniente de las hojas.

El estudio de composición química a través de GC-EM y RMN 1H arrojó la detección de 44 constituyentes dentro de los cuales b cariofileno, isoeugenol-metil éter, asarona y el nerolidol fueron los mayoritarios. La Actividad antioxidante del aceite fue evaluada por los métodos DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) y la fotoquimioluminiscencia (PCL). Adicionalmente se realizaron estudios de actividad empleando (HP)TLC-DPPH bioautográficos. La actividad antimicrobiana fue evaluada por el método de difusión de disco en dos bacterias Gram+, dos bacterias Gram- y dos levaduras. Los resultados más interesantes se producen con las dos levaduras Candida tropicalis (MIC 0,77 mg/ml) y Candida albicans (MIC 0,33mg/ml) donde la actividad fue similar al aceite esencial de Thymus vulgaris el estándar natural de referencia. Los buenos resultados con respecto a la actividad antifúngica nos llevan a concluir que el aceite esencial podría ser usado con esta finalidad.
El desperdicio de alimentos: una perspectiva desde los estudiantes de Administración de Empresas de la UPS- Guayaquil
Authors: Franco Cedeno Ercilia Maria
Published: April 2017

El desperdicio de alimentos es  una práctica común en las personas, actualmente debido a los nuevos estilos de vida, padre y madre trabajan, los hogares ya no suelen reunirse para almorzar o merendar en casa, el crecimiento de las ciudades hace que sea complicado desplazarse al domicilio a alimentarse, además la  facilidad de acceso a los recursos como el incremento de sitios de comidas rápidas, centros comerciales que ofrecen variedad de alimentos en sus patios de comidas,  otro factor es la diferencia en las dietas que mantienen los jóvenes que no asumen con responsabilidad su nutrición por lo que no tienen reparo en comer en lugares que muchas veces no suele agradarles la comida, todos estos factores implican desperdicio de alimentos, porque las personas suelen hacer un pedido de comida pero dejan alimentos que no consumen en el plato, y éste se va al tacho de basura, también se suele desperdiciar en los hogares no se lleva un control de los alimentos que se guardan en el refrigerador y se llega algunas veces a perder estos alimentos,  para lo cual se realiza la presente investigación que analiza la  problemática en el mundo, en América Latina y en Ecuador, se realiza una investigación en la cual se aplica un cuestionario a una muestra de  los estudiantes de la Carrera de Administración de Empresas Sede Guayaquil donde se conoce los principales motivos por los cuales  desperdician alimentos y posibles estrategias para prevenir el desperdicio.
Caracterización Tributaria en Barrios Urbanos Populares: Caso Parroquia El Vecino
Authors: Piedra Andrea Fabiola , Salinas Vásquez Juanita Virginia , Vásquez Loaiza Juan Pablo
Published: April 2017

La investigación realizada pretende contribuir con información tributaria relevante que caracteriza la actividad productiva desarrollada en la parroquia urbana El Vecino, un espacio popular, diverso y dinámico con marcadas vulnerabilidades y fuertes contrastes. Para esto se ha determinado la heterogeneidad de la actividad empresarial, naturaleza constitutiva, incidencia tributaria en aspectos como el tipo y clase de contribuyentes entre otros. La información económica y financiera obtenida resulta interesante al momento de analizar la relación entre ingresos, costos y gastos, además de identificar los criterios empresariales en el manejo del efectivo de los emprendimientos. Por último se identifica la percepción acerca de la calidad en la atención por parte del Servicio de Rentas Internas a los usuarios, así como el alcance, incidencia cultural y nivel de cumplimiento de deberes y obligaciones tributarias.
96 well DNA Extraction Protocol for Plant and Lichen Tissue Stored in CTAB v1
Authors: M. U'Ren Jana , A. Elizabeth Arnold not provided
Published: April 2017

This protocol is a modified version of the MoBio PowerPlant Pro 96 well DNA extraction kit for plant and lichen tissues that have been stored in CTAB buffer. Prior to being placed in CTAB, photosynthetic tissues from plants and lichens were surface-sterilized with sequential washes in 95% EtOH, 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, and 70% EtOH and air dried under sterile conditions. Twenty-four tissue pieces per host were placed in 750 uL of CTAB buffer. Four tubes per host individual were sampled for a total of 96 tissue pieces.
Manned submersible „JAGO“
Authors: Hissmann Karen , Schauer Jürgen
Published: April 2017

The manned submersible „JAGO“ is a human occupied underwater vehicle (HOV) designed for personal exploration and research in all types of aquatic systems and habitats. The seafloor along the continental shelf and slopes within the ocean twilight zone is JAGO’s main target area. The DNV-GL classed 2-person submersible has a maximum operating depth of 400 m. The two occupants, the pilot and one observer, are seated at 1 Atmosphere in a steel pressure hull with two large acrylic windows. The submersible’s small size and lightweight construction (3 T) allows worldwide operations from on board a wide variety of vessels as well as transport in a single standard 20-foot container together with all support equipment. Typical applications include personal observation of the sea bed and water column, video and photo documentation, selective non-intrusive sampling, placement of sensors and experiments, underwater inspection, as well as location and recovery of objects
Combined treatment of penile cancer
Authors: Karlov Petr A , Karlov Aleksandr P , Dubinskiy Vladislav Y , Peshehonov Kirill S
Published: April 2017

A clinical case of combined surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment of a patient with penile cancer is presented
Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of women in the reproductive age towards prenatal screening for congenital malformations, Alexandria-Egypt
Authors: Nour Eldin Youssef Rehab Elsaid , El-Weshahi Heba Taha , Ashry Mona Hamdy
Published: April 2017

Background: The study was conducted to explore the Egyptian women’s attitudes toward the prenatal screening (PNS) for congenital malformations and termination of pregnancy if medically indicated and assessing their knowledge and beliefs regarding prenatal screening.Methods: A total of 351 Egyptian women in the reproductive age giving birth to at least one child completed a structured questionnaire to assess their knowledge of prenatal diagnosis and their willingness to undergo prenatal screening as well as their opinions on termination of pregnancy if medically indicated. Women's beliefs were also assessed.Results: More than half of studied women (52.71%) are lacking knowledge about the availability of the accurate tests for prenatal screening of congenital malformations. After giving information about PNS, more than three quarters (77.5%) of the studied women held positive attitudes toward the prenatal screening for congenital malformations. The other one quarter was either refusing or not sure about their opinion (4.6% and 17.9% respectively). Only 58.7% accepting termination of pregnancy if medically indicated. Positive attitude towards PNS was significantly higher among females with older age (P=0.019) as well as those of higher social class as indicated by higher level of education (p=0.026), urban residency (p=0.046) and working women (p=0.005). Perceived seriousness of congenital malformations and believing in the importance of early detection of such condition were the significant motives to undergo PNS.Conclusions: There is marked lack of knowledge about the prenatal screening tests among the studied women. After giving information about PNS, most of them shows a positive attitude towards carrying out these tests and about half of them reported their acceptance for termination of pregnancy if medically indicated based on prenatal diagnosis of sever congenital malformations. Emphasis national needs for health education programs about PNS importance and development of well-structured national program for PNS.
An original research paper on incidence and risk factors for surgical site infections following major abdominal surgeries in obstetrics and gynaecology
Authors: Valecha Shalini Mahana , Saswade Manisha Narayan
Published: April 2017

Background: Surgical site infections associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, increase in hospital stay and enhanced cost of health care. Objective of present study is to analyse the incidence of surgical site infections after major abdominal obstetrics and gynaecologic surgeries and risk factors for development SSIs.Methods: It is observational study carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ESI-PGIMSR at a teaching public hospital Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It is a tertiary care centre and a teaching hospital. Women who had undergone abdominal surgery for various Obstetrics and Gynaecology indications.Results: 7.3% of operated subjects had SSI. And significant risk factors are anemia, obesity hypoprotenemia, prolonged pre-operative hospital stay, Diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Post-operative abdominal wound infection represents a substantial burden of disease both for the patients and the healthcare services in terms of the morbidity, mortality and economic costs.
Antenatal thyroid screening and its clinical correlation
Authors: Sisodia Juhi , Samant Meena
Published: April 2017

Background: The study of hypothyroidism in pregnancy was done with the aim of determining the effect of hypothyroidism on maternal and perinatal outcome. This study also aimed to decide whether universal screening of pregnant women for hypothyroidism is justified.Methods: A prospective observational study was done over a period of 1 year from October 2011 to September 2012, on pregnant women attending the OPD of Obs and Gynae department. Serum TSH is the most convenient and best test to diagnose hypothyroidism in pregnancy in first trimester. Ideal serum TSH level during pregnancy is 0.5-2.5µIU/ml in first trimester and 0.5-3µIU/ml in second and third trimester. First trimester booking visit is the ideal time for initial evaluation. Thereafter serum TSH should be measured at 6 weeks interval for necessary dose adjustments. Levothyroxine is the drug of choice. It should be started at 1.6-2µg/kg/day. If serum TSH is raised but fT4 is normal, treatment can be started with 25-75µg/day.Results: Inadequately treated hypothyroid pregnant women had higher incidence of maternal complications in comparison to adequately treated hypothyroid patients, like threatened abortion (11.1% vs 1.5%), antepartum hemorrhage (7.4% vs 1.5%), premature rupture of membrane (14.8% vs 3.0%), preterm labour (18.5% vs 1.5%), postpartum hemorrhage (9.3% vs 4.5%), anemia (16.7% vs 9.1%) and intrauterine death (9.3% vs 0%). Perinatal complications were also higher like fetal distress (33.3% vs 13.6%) and low birth weight (16.7% vs 4.5%).Incidence of caesarean section was higher in hypothyroid women in comparison to control group (29.2% vs 19.2%).Conclusions: This study shows that there is an association between inadequately treated hypothyroidism and adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Those who were detected early and adequately treated had outcome similar to control group.
Changing trends in the usage of copper intrauterine contraceptive device: a five year institutional study
Authors: C. Malavika J. , Prabhudev Prema
Published: April 2017

Background: Intrauterine contraceptive device is one of the commonest form of long acting contraceptive method (LARC) adapted by reproductive aged women all over the world today. It can be used for 5 to 10 years depending on the type of the device. Aim of the study was to study the institutional rate of copper IUCD usage, rate of removal, side effect profile, indications for removal among women seeking contraception.Methods: The data regarding the usage of various temporary contraceptive methods were obtained from the family planning unit at our institution SSIMS&RC, Davangere from the records between Jan 1, 2012 to Dec 31, 2016 (5 years). A careful detailed study of records was done on the usage of Cu-IUCD.Results: During the five year study period, 3,767 women were provided with various forms of contraceptive methods. Cu-IUCD was the commonest method used by women accounting for 42.11% (1586 users). There was a decline in the rate of usage of Cu-IUCD in 2015-16, with increase in the usage of injectables. 179 women requested for removal in the study period, main reason being desire to become pregnant in 73.18% (131) users. Failure rate in the study period was 0.55%.Conclusions: Cu-IUCD is a safe and effective method of contraception adapted by women of reproductive age. The rate of removal is also low in our study. The decline in the usage of Cu-IUCD during our study period could be attributed to increasing awareness of other methods of LARC.
Morbidly adherent placenta and it’s maternal and fetal outcome
Authors: Desai Ranjana , Jodha Bhanwar Singh , Garg Richa
Published: April 2017

Background: Morbidly adherent placenta, a grave complication of pregnancy is becoming an emerging cause of increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Objectives of present study are to evaluate the etiopathogenesis of MAP, its clinical mode of presentation and maternal and fetal outcome with the aim to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.Methods: It was a retrospective and prospective study at Umaid Hospital, attached to Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur in which data of patients with clinical diagnosis of MAP were reviewed from October 2014 to January 2016.Results: In this study of 10 cases of morbidly adherent placenta of Umaid hospital from October-2014 to January 2016 were studied, it was found that the mean age of presentation was 30.2 year. 60% cases were unbooked and 40% cases were booked with regular ANC visit. 60% cases presented with bleeding per vagina as a chief complaint and 30% cases were admitted for elective LSCS. 60% cases were already diagnosed case of placenta praevia. 90% cases had a history of previous LSCS. 80% cases were given BT intraoperatively and postoperatively. 60% cases underwent caesarean hysterectomy, 80% cases were shifted to ICU, and there was one maternal death.Conclusions: The incidence of MAP is increasing due to higher cesarean section (C/S) rate. Antenatal diagnosis via USG and color-doppler imaging, preoperative counseling, planning and multidisciplinary approach is necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with MAP.
The application of 50g oral glucose challenge test in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in patients attending antenatal care OPD
Authors: Rajput Disha Andhiwal , Gedam Jaya Kundan
Published: April 2017

Background: To screen patients at average risk for Gestational Diabetes using 50g Glucose Challenge test, to ascertain the prevalence of Gestational diabetes through further diagnostic testing and to prevent and manage complications. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Women with GDM are at risk for maternal and foetal complications, so it is important to screen all the pregnant woman.Methods: This study was conducted in 198 patients between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, attending the Antenatal clinic. 50g oral glucose is administered irrespective of time of the last meal and plasma glucose is measured one hour later. Patients with plasma glucose levels more than 140 mg/dl were subjected to a 100g oral glucose tolerance test, patients with two or more abnormal reading were labelled as GDM and managed accordingly.Results: Prevalence of GDM in our study was 9.59%. Maternal complications like gestational hypertension, vaginal infections and foetal complications were much higher in GDM patients as compare to non GDM group.Conclusions: GDM is a disease which adversely affects both mother as well as foetus. It is concluded that 50 gm glucose challenge test at 24-28 weeks of gestation with a cut-off value of 140 mg/dl is a reliable screening test for GDM. This test offers the best combination of ease and economy of use and reproducibility in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in average risk patients.
Laparoscopic evaluation of pelvis in infertile women with previous genital and extra genital tuberculosis
Authors: Aggarwal Kiran , Medha Rashmi
Published: April 2017

Background: Genital tract tuberculosis causes infertility is a known fact but does past extra genital tuberculosis which had been treated also affects genital tract silently and causes significant genital involvement and infertility. The aim of this study was to study laparoscopic evaluation of pelvis in infertility patients with past history of treated genital and extra genital tuberculosis.Methods: 40 infertile patients with past history of treated genital (11) and extra genital (29) tuberculosis were included in the study. The study was conducted in a tertiary level hospital for one and a half years. After initial evaluation and work up and ruling out any active infection patients were posted for laparoscopic evaluation and proceed.Results: Most common site of extra genital tuberculosis was pulmonary tuberculosis in 52. 50%. Primary infertility was more common in both the groups, around 72%. Menstrual patterns were significantly different. 45.45% in women in group with genital tuberculosis presented with hypo menorrhoea as compared to only 13.79% in women with extra genital tuberculosis. Laparoscopic findings showed evidence of squealae of past tubercular infection like peritubular adhesions, omental adhesions, fibrosed distorted tubes, tubo-ovarian masses, hydrosalpinx, difficulty to visualise the tubes and ovaries and various combinations of these in most of the cases in women with genital tuberculosis (72.73%) of cases. These findings were seen in 37.93% of women with past extra genital tuberculosis.Conclusions: Genital tract may silently get invaded in primary extra genital tuberculosis. It is important for young girls affected by this to be treated diligently which might reverse the changes in time.
Early result of pediatric shaft femur fractures treated by hip spica cast in children upto 10 years of age
Authors: Muzzafar Khalid , Singh Rajinder , Bhat Suhail Ahmad , Haseeb Muhammad , Ghani Abdul
Published: April 2017

Background: Fracture shaft of femur is constitute 1.6% paediatric fractures. Traditionally most femur fractures in children were treated conservatively, however with the coming of new implants, the indications of operating have increased. We believe guidelines based on age are from western literature where children are usually of big frame, our children being of smaller frame, the conservative management by hip spica can be extended to older children.Methods: This study was done to see the results of conservative management of femur fractures in form of hip spica and traction followed by spica in children less than 10 years of age. Patients less than 6 months of age (treated by Pavlik harness), having compound fractures and those with associated injuries were excluded from the studyResults: Follow up was done in OPD after 1,4,6,10,12 weeks with check X-rays taken after spica application and at 6, 10 ,12 weeks and at removal of spica cast. All fractures united with average union time of 7.3weeks. At final follow up of 1 year 23 patients had a limb length difference of more than 1cm. average hospital stay was 13.5 days. We had 4 cast complications in form of skin excoriation and superficial skin ulceration in 2 children and broken spica in 2 children.Conclusions: Traction followed by spica cast is safe and effective method of treating fracture of paediatric femur fractures.
Institutional experience of the multimodality treatment of cancer tongue
Authors: Shankar Mrinal , Pattanayak Manisa , Nautiyal Vipul , Saini Sunil
Published: April 2017

Background: Cancer (Ca) tongue incidence has shown a rising trend in India in the last couple of years. Increasing use of tobacco being the main risk factor. Guidelines available for management of this disease include it broadly under oral cavity cancers. However, the biological behaviour of this disease is warrant of more aggressive approach to treatment. In early stage disease, treatment is mainly with single modality, surgery being the most preferred. Locally advanced disease treated with multimodality approach with surgery and adjuvant RT/chemoRT. Adverse histopathological factors are important prognostic indicators for early recurrence. Even if the mainstay of treatment in metastatic disease is palliation, multimodality approach is preferred. The aim of the study is to study clinical profile of Ca tongue ant to study outcome of multimodality management of SCC tongue and identification of treatment failure.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India over a period of 12 months on patients attending Surgical Oncology OPD. Written informed consent and ethical committee clearance was obtained in all 64 cases included, and study type is observational.Results: This is an observational study conducted at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun over a period of 12 months. 64 patients diagnosed with SCC tongue were included. Treatment protocols were prescribed by the multidisciplinary tumour board, and patients were followed up to 6 months after completion of the planned treatment. 68.75% patients were below 55 years of age. 87.5% were chronic tobacco chewers. 79.68% had lesion in the anterior tongue. 84.37% received treatment with curative intent (of these 16.66% patients showed early recurrence). 71.86% patients underwent definitive surgery (of these 78.26% remained disease free after 6 months of completion of treatment). Radiotherapy was used in both adjuvant and primary setting. Nodal recurrence was the commonest pattern of recurrence in patients who had underwent definitive surgery. Co-relation with adverse histopathological prognostic indicators also establish early recurrence.Conclusions: Ca tongue was found to be commoner in individuals between 36-55 years. Tobacco users were seen to be at high risk. Surgery was the preferred modality of treatment in early stage disease. Regional lymph node metastasis is the commonest site of early treatment failure. Adverse histopathological factors were important indicators of prognosis and need consideration in planning adjuvant treatment.
Evaluation of impact of an integrated lecture method of teaching among undergraduate medical students, compared to traditional didactical lectures in reference to antenatal care
Authors: Behera Basanta Kumar , Agasti Narahari , Sahoo Kamalakanta
Published: April 2017

Background: In traditional lecture method of teaching most of the time there is time consumption, duplication and overlapping of topics taught in the MBBS course. Integration (both horizontal and vertical) of subjects improves the cognitive and psychomotor domains of students to enhance their skills to correlate clinically to obtain an accurate diagnosis.Methods: The present study comprised of 96 students of 3rd semester MBBS course. A pretested questionnaire was given to study their existing level of knowledge and attitude regarding antenatal care. The students were divided into two groups by simple random method - a study group of 48 students, who receive integrated teaching including didactic lectures, case studies and live demonstrations by department of Community Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, whereas the control group of 48 students received only didactic lectures. Post test was conducted after 3 days. The mean knowledge and attitude scores of pre-test and post-test of the two groups were analyzed by using Z- test.Results: In the post test, the mean knowledge score between traditional and integrated groups were 12.40 and 14.46 respectively with standard deviation of 1.869 and 1.864. Whereas the mean values of attitude is 36.95 and 60.00 with standard deviation of 1.972 and 1.977. There was a significant improvement in both knowledge and attitude of students of integrated group as compared to traditional group (P<0.001).Conclusions: Integrated method of teaching was found to be more effective than traditional lecturing method.
A RELIGIÃO COMO INSTÂNCIA SOCIALIZADORA E EDUCATIVA: UM OLHAR SOBRE OS JOVENS DE CLASSES POPULARES
Authors: Guimarães Vinicius Oliveira Seabra
Published: April 2017

o presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar os aspectos sociológicos, educacionais, territoriais, religiosos, simbólicos e culturais de jovens pobres que, apesar de residirem nas periferias urbanas, integram o movimento religioso evangélico neopentecostal que, por vezes, distam geograficamente de suas próprias residências que se situam nas periferias urbanas que são atendidos majoritariamente pelo movimento pentecostal. A religião, portanto, é apresentada como um fenômeno social que sintetiza habitus, representações e práticas simbólicas de uma determinada sociedade, sendo que tais conceitos religiosos são forjados por meio de processos educativos que perpassam o discurso religioso, mas também traz implicações no modo de vida social, urbano e cultural. O que se conclui é que os jovens pobres adeptos da religião evangélica pentecostal, situados majoritariamente nas periferias urbanas, estão sendo seduzidos, gradativamente, para as perspectivas dos movimentos neopentecostais nos centros urbanos mais abastados.

Palavras-chave: Juventudes. Pentecostalismo, Neopentecostalismo. Mercado Religioso
A INFÂNCIA CALON: NOTAS SOBRE O “SER CRIANÇA” ENTRE OS CIGANOS NO VALE DO MAMANGUAPE- PARAÍBA/BRASIL
Authors: Monteiro Edilma Do Nascimento Jacinto , Goldfarb Maria Patrícia Lopes
Published: April 2017

Este trabalho traz reflexões sobre a concepção de infância no grupo Calon residente no litoral norte da Paraíba-Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com base bibliográfica em antropologia da criança, etnicidade e grupos ciganos. O trabalho de campo foi realizado a partir de observação participante, juntamente com algumas técnicas de pesquisa: entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado com adultos e crianças, grupo focal e desenhos temáticos com as crianças, entre os anos de 2013 e 2014. A pesquisa permitiu conhecer a dinâmica da vida cotidiana entre os Calon, a partir de suas crianças e de seus adultos. Sobretudo voltou-se para compreender a concepção da infância e as formas de educação/aprendizagem que fazem parte dos processos sociais de crescer e se reconhecer Calon.
The changing epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia versus United States and Europe
Authors: Wu Jasmanda
Published: April 2017

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major disease worldwide. There were 782,000 estimated new cases globally
in 2012 with the majority (76%) occurring in Asia, especially China. Although the etiologies are similar, the prevalence of
each HCC risk factor varies in different geographic regions. In China, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major cause
of HCC, whereas in Japan, US and Europe, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection predominates. With the epidemic of obesity
and diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially its more aggressive form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
(NASH), has now become a major contributor to HCC. It is anticipated that NAFLD/NASH is likely to overtake viral
hepatitis as the leading contributor to HCC in the future. Prior success in reducing HCC cases through hepatitis B
immunization program and effective HBV treatments is likely to be offset by rising significance of NASH-associated HCC.
In view of this, appropriate measures such as aggressive monitoring clinical course and prognoses of patients with HCC
from NASH, studying pathogenesis and mechanism by which NASH promotes HCC, and developing novel intervention and
treatment strategy for these patients would be important to address this important public health challenge.
Система показателей оценки производственного блока производственного потенциала предприятия
Authors: Лашманова Юлия Юрьевна
Published: April 2017

Исследование научной литературы на предмет возможности применения существующих способов оценки производственного потенциала промышленных предприятий показало, что подавляющее большинство из них не отвечают реалиям современного состояния машиностроительных предприятий, не учитывают истинное положение дел в отрасли. В связи с этим, назрела необходимость разработки методики оценки уровня использования производственного потенциала предприятия (ППП), адекватной современному состоянию дел на машиностроительных предприятиях. В статье освящен отдельный этап разработанной методики, в частности оценка производственного блока производственного потенциала (ПБПП) машиностроительного предприятия, подробно представлена система показателей и исходные данные, предназначенные для определения уровня использования отдельных элементов ПБПП. Показаны результаты, полученные по итогам выполнения каждого подэтапа и основанные на применении указанных в статье показателей.
Представленная методика апробирована в условиях работы некоторых машиностроительных предприятий Оренбургской области, на ее основе были приняты управленческие решения, нацеленные на дальнейшей развитие ППП.
Экономика предприятия в цифровую эпоху
Authors: Бойко Иван Петрович , Евневич Мария Александровна , Колышкин Александр Викторович
Published: April 2017

В работе рассматриваются аспекты цифровизации экономики. Анализируются подходы к определению цифровой экономики. Определены предприятия, которые можно относить к цифровой экономике. Рассмотрено влияние цифровизации на появление новых и изменение существующих бизнес-моделей. Затрагиваются перспективы развития цифровых технологий.
KONTRIBUSI ILMU TAFSIR/HADIS DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KARAKTER BANGSA
Authors: Arsyad Mustamin
Published: April 2017

Character development in view of Islam is not a new thing even though it may differ from the terms and substance popularized by the people in the western world, and Islam as Rahmatan Lil Alamin Contributions are also connected with the science of Tafsir and Hadith sciences in National Character Development. Quran and Hadith as the primary source of Islamic teachings popularized by Sheikh Yusuf Qaradawi as an attempt to restore / re-open the door / the concept of ijtihad never old-fashioned vacuum caused by many factors, among others, the followers of the school of many who do not understand that the practice of priests mazahib was just the result of their understanding of the verses and the Sunnah of the Prophet.
Różne wymiary odpowiedzialności prawnej
Authors: Zalewska Monika
Published: April 2017

Odpowiedzialność prawna jest złożonym zagadnieniem, wartym przeanalizowania zarówno na poziomie teoretycznym, jak i w odniesieniu do konkretnych przypadków praktycznych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza jednego z ujęć odpowiedzialności prawnej, które zaproponował Hans Kelsen. Zostanie zatem opisana konstrukcja zarachowania, a następnie pokazany mechanizm przełożenia zasady zarachowania na odpowiedzialność prawną. Wnioski bazują na stwierdzeniu niekompletności „czystej teorii prawa” w zakresie stosowania prawa.
Human rights infringement against contemporary legal practice in several criminal cases
Authors: Rydz-Sybilak Katarzyna
Published: April 2017

Issues connected with protection against tortures or other forms of inhuman or degrading treatment are regulated in the European law not only in The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, but also in The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which was adopted by The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on June 26, 1987 and later ratified by all 47 countries of The Council of Europe. It is a key element in amending the control system. It has been agreed that the system based on individual and international pleas should be supported by preventive measures. Various situations in which the state has serious obligations so as to protect art. 3 of the Convention, take place following criminal proceedings by organs entitled to act according to legislation. It ought to be mentioned that despite our country’s ratification of the above mentioned legal acts, while conducting pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases, the violation of basic human rights and inhumane treatment of the suspects or the accused happen the most often. The state is responsible for securing proper conditions that would grant respect for one’s dignity and the procedures and methods of obtaining incriminating evidence are not to cause suffering whose scale and intensity would surpass needs of personal security of the accused or suspects during the proceedings in criminal trials, with respect to the legal procedures regulating the arrest and the use of preventative measures in form of a detention order.
Obrót nieruchomościami rolnymi w świetle ostatnich zmian wprowadzonych ustawą z dnia 14 kwietnia 2016 roku – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Mikołajczyk Joanna
Published: April 2017

Artykuł dotyczy wybranych zagadnień w zakresie zmian legislacyjnych dotyczących obrotu nieruchomościami rolnymi. Podstawowym jego celem jest udzielenie względnie jednoznacznej odpowiedzi na pytanie o znaczenie cywilnoprawnego obrotu nieruchomościami rolnymi. Mając na uwadze hybrydalny charakter poszczególnych rozwiązań chodzić będzie zwłaszcza o swoiste uporządkowania analizowanej regulacji prawnej obrotu nieruchomościami rolnymi, odnalezienie myśli przewodniej i sformułowanie prawidłowości rządzących prawnorolnymi formami obrotu skojarzonymi z ingerencją administracyjnoprawną (przybierającą postać decyzji administracyjnej), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem szerszego kontekstu, w jakim są one osadzone. Odnosząc te spostrzeżenia do problemu roli czy udziału decyzji administracyjnej w cywilnoprawnym obrocie nieruchomościami rolnymi, zasadnie można na jego tle formułować różnorakie pytania o: sens kreowania w polskim systemie prawnym szczególnej prawnorolnej regulacji obrotu nieruchomościami rolnymi, umiejscowienie takiej regulacji i skuteczność jej oddziaływania na kształtowanie ustroju rolnego – czy nawet szerzej ustroju społeczno-gospodarczego, zwłaszcza w nowych warunkach, w których „siłą napędową” rozwoju polskiego prawa rolnego stało się także prawo europejskie.
A construção do conhecimento organizacional para a inovação nas empresas de micro e pequeno porte do segmento de moda de Goiânia, Pontalina e Taquaral de Goiás - GO
Authors: Corsatto Cássia Aparecida , Hoffmann Wanda Aparecida Machado
Published: April 2017

Investigou as formas de construção do conhecimento organizacional para a geração de inovação nas micro e pequenas empresas do segmento de moda de Goiânia, Pontalina e Taquaral de Goiás, no Estado de Goiás, observando o processo de criação do conhecimento acumulado com a formação, capacitação e treinamento das pessoas e outros mecanismos de apropriação de conhecimentos informais. Buscou identificar os estímulos à valorização e à implementação de ideias inovadoras. Pesquisa descritiva exploratória, de natureza aplicada, de abordagem quantitativa na medida em que se observou aspectos numéricos e qualitativos ao proceder a coleta de informações por meio de entrevistas individuais. A coleta de dados foi realizada com 45 empresas, por meio de questionário estruturado aplicando entrevistas em profundidade e foram tratados utilizando os softwares Survey Win4.0 e Excell, obtendo como resultado, a forma como as empresas pesquisadas se apropriam de conhecimentos para a inovação.
Hospitalização e retorno para casa: dinâmica de grupo na percepção de pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico
Authors: Santos Lyvia de Jesus , Mota Edilene Curvelo Hora , Souza Gizelle de Oliveira , Henriques Milena Caroline Leite , Góis Edvan Maerson de Santana , Santos Ana Carla Ferreira Silva
Published: April 2017

O estudo buscou conhecer as percepções dos pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) quanto à temática da hospitalização e do retorno para casa. A pesquisa contemplou uma abordagem qualitativa, empírica, intervencionista e grupal, com levantamento de dados baseado em dinâmicas que incentivavam os participantes a expressar em figuras os sentimentos relacionados ao objeto do estudo, e a discorrer sobre eles. A amostra compreendeu 10 indivíduos com TCE, atendidos no Programa de Reabilitação do Trauma do Hospital Universitário de Sergipe. Os dados foram categorizados e interpretados sob a perspectiva da Teoria Psicanalítica Freudiana. Os resultados demonstram que o processo de acolhimento em grupo é favorável para compartilhar as aflições e enfrentar o processo de adoecer; o grupo de terapia auxilia na busca de estratégias para enfrentar o convívio familiar; os conhecimentos adquiridos possibilitam o alívio das angústias e contribuem para o enfrentamento das dificuldades diárias e para o aumento na qualidade de vida.
Utilização de Vídeo explicativo como Recurso Auxiliar para Acolhimento de Famílias em Visita à UTI
Authors: Moraes Andrea Silva , Borges Carolline Silva , Pegoraro Renata Fabiana
Published: April 2017

A preparação feita pela equipe da UTI para as famílias em visita ao paciente esclarece dúvidas e diminui ansiedade. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a compreensão de informações sobre a UTI por familiares acompanhados pelo serviço de Psicologia de um hospital geral.  Participaram 40 familiares de pacientes internados em UTI divididos em dois grupos (controle e experimental). Antes e depois da visita aplicou-se um questionário sobre conhecimentos acerca da visita e um inventário sobre ansiedade. O primeiro grupo recebeu explicações verbais sobre a visita, e o segundo também assistiu a um vídeo explicativo sobre o assunto. Os dados foram analisados pelo SPSS e apontaram grau de ansiedade mínima na maior parte dos familiares e pouca diferença no número de acertos entre os grupos. Conclui-se a importância das informações fornecidas aos familiares e da presença da equipe de Psicologia no âmbito da UTI, independente da exibição do vídeo.
Imagens da docência com bebês: problematizando narrativas de professoras de creche
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo Saballa de , Radomski Lidianne Laizi
Published: April 2017

A partir do campo dos Estudos da Pedagogia da Infância, o artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar as imagens de docência de professoras que atuam com bebês em creches. Metodologicamente, foram realizadas 60 entrevistas sobre as percepções das professoras a respeito dos modos como exercem a docência com bebês. Com base nas análises, foram evidenciadas duas imagens de docência como eixos analíticos: o espectro da maternidade e o imperativo do estímulo. Em relação ao primeiro eixo, foi recorrente nas narrativas das professoras a imagem de que elas são substitutas maternas e que têm como função exclusiva o cuidado dos bebês. No segundo eixo, a tônica da imagem foram as narrativas que evidenciam o imperativo de que os bebês sejam estimulados para que se desenvolvam e estejam preparados para os níveis subsequentes da Educação Infantil. Desse modo, infere-se a importância de que o professor entenda que não existe um suposto modelo de atuação profissional a ser seguido na creche, mas uma miríade de possibilidades de constituição docente.