bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Parametric Study of the Structure of Hall Magnetic Field Based on Kinetic Simulations. I. Anti-parallel Magnetic Reconnection in an Asymmetric Current Sheet
Authors: Sang Longlong , Lu Quanming , Wang Rongsheng , Huang Kai , Wang Shui
Published: June 2019

The generation of the Hall magnetic field is considered one of the most important characteristics in collisionless magnetic reconnection. Here, in this paper, with two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we study the structure of the Hall magnetic field generated during anti-parallel magnetic reconnection in an asymmetric current sheet. A quadrupolar structure of the Hall magnetic field is first formed, and then it evolves into a hexapolar structure with the proceeding magnetic reconnection. In the quadrupolar structure of the Hall magnetic field, the quadrants on the side of the current sheet with the weaker magnetic field (the dominant Hall magnetic field) are much stronger than those on the other side, and they can cross the center of the current sheet. With the increase of the ratio of the magnetic fields or the decrease of the density ratio (here, the ratio is defined as the values between the side with the stronger magnetic field to that with the weaker magnetic field), the tendency will become more salient. However, with a decrease of the temperature ratio, the tendency reverses. With the proceeding reconnection, two ribbons with an enhanced Hall magnetic field are generated in the region below the dominant Hall magnetic field, and then a hexapolar structure of the Hall magnetic field is formed, which will become stronger with an increase of the ratio of the magnetic field or decrease of the density, while the effect of the temperature asymmetry is much weaker than that of the magnetic field and density asymmetry. The generation of the Hall magnetic field can be explained by the in-plane current carried mainly by the electrons.
Broadband Intensity Tomography: Spectral Tagging of the Cosmic UV Background
Authors: Chiang Yi-Kuan , Ménard Brice , Schiminovich David
Published: June 2019

Cosmic photons can be efficiently collected by broadband intensity mapping but information on their emission redshift and frequency is largely lost. We introduce a technique to statistically recover these otherwise collapsed dimensions by exploiting information in spatial fluctuations and apply it to the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) All Sky and Medium Imaging Surveys. By spatially cross-correlating photons in the GALEX far-UV (1500 Å) and near-UV (2300 Å) bands with a million spectroscopic objects in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey as a function of redshift, we robustly detect the redshift-dependent intensity of the UV background (UVB) modulated by its clustering bias up to z ∼ 2. These measurements clearly reveal the imprints of UVB spectral features redshifting through the filters. Using a simple parameterization, we simultaneously fit a UVB emissivity and clustering bias factor to these observations and constrain the main spectral features of the UVB spectrum: (i) the Lyman break, (ii) the non-ionizing UV continuum, which agrees with the Haardt & Madau model but does not rely on any assumption regarding the nature of the sources, and (iii) the Lyα emission, the luminosity density of which is consistent with estimates of the combined galaxy and active galactic nucleus contributions at z ∼ 1. Because the technique probes the total background including low surface brightness emission, we place constraints on the amount of UV light originating from the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM). Finally, the clustering bias of UV photons is found to be chromatic and evolving. Our frequency- and redshift-dependent UVB measurement delivers a summary statistic of the universe’s net radiation output from stars, black holes, and the IGM combined.
Modeling the Effects of Observational Gaps on p-mode Oscillation Parameters
Authors: Keith-Hardy J. Z. , Tripathy S. C. , Jain K.
Published: June 2019

We investigate the effect of the window function on the parameters of solar acoustic oscillations, namely frequency, amplitude, and width, using the data from Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG). This is carried out by simulating 108 new time series from a base time series by modifying the window functions. In order to minimize the effect of solar activity, the base time series was chosen during the activity minimum period. The new window functions were randomly chosen from a set of 30 observed window functions to incorporate the reported duty cycles of the GONG network. The modified time series were processed through the standard GONG p-mode pipeline to extract the mode parameters that were fitted to a linear model as a function of the duty cycle to yield the correction factor. We find significant changes between the observed and corrected amplitudes and widths while the change in mode frequencies was found to be insignificant. We also analyze the variation of the corrected mode parameters over the solar cycles 23 and 24 and compare their correlations with 10.7 cm radio flux, which represents a proxy of the solar activity.
Effect of Accreting Tidally Disrupted Stars on the Spin Evolution of ∼106 M⊙ Black Holes
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Lu Youjun , Liu Zhu
Published: June 2019

Accretion of tidally disrupted stars (TDSs) is expected to contribute significantly to the growth of massive black holes (MBHs) with mass ∼106

in galactic centers. In this paper, we quantitatively investigate the effect of the TDS accretion on the spin evolution of these relatively small MBHs, by also considering the accretion of gas clouds with (many) chaotic episodes. We find that the accretion of TDSs can play an important role or even a dominant role in shaping the spin distribution of ∼106

MBHs, depending on the contribution fraction (

) of the TDS accretion to the MBH growth. If

is as large as

, most

MBHs have low spins (

); if

is as small as

, most

MBHs have high spins (

). We also find that (1) the fraction of highly spinning ∼106

MBHs in the TDS accretion states is smaller than that in the gas-cloud (active galactic nucleus [AGN]) accretion states, which is a consequence of more rapid spin decrease during the period of consecutive TDS accretion than the spin increase during the AGN periods when the spin is large; and (2) the fraction of retrograde-spin accretion in the TDS accretion states is almost the same as that of prograde-spin accretion, while it is negligible in the gas-cloud (AGN) accretion states. The current scarce sample of AGNs (∼106

) with spin measurements hints at an insignificant contribution from TDS accretion to MBH growth. Future measurements on spins of ∼106

MBHs may provide stronger constraints on the importance of both AGN and TDS accretion states in their growth history.
Constraining the Black Hole Initial Mass Function with LIGO/Virgo Observations
Authors: Perna Rosalba , Wang Yi-Han , Farr Will M. , Leigh Nathan , Cantiello Matteo
Published: June 2019

Prior to the detection of black holes (BHs) via the gravitational waves (GWs) that they generate at merger, the presence of BHs was inferred in X-ray binaries, mostly via dynamical measurements, with masses in the range between ∼5 and 20 M
⊙. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) discovery of the first BHs via GWs was surprising in that the two BHs that merged had masses of

and

, which are both above the range inferred from X-ray binaries. With 20 BH detections from the first/second observing (O1/O2) runs, the distribution of masses remains generally higher than the X-ray inferred one, while the effective spins are generally lower. This suggests that, at least in part, the GW-detected population might be of dynamical origin rather than produced by the common evolution of field binaries. Here we perform high-resolution N-body simulations of a cluster of isolated BHs with a range of initial mass spectra and upper mass cutoffs, and study the resulting binary mass spectrum resulting from the dynamical interactions. Our clusters have properties that are similar to those of the massive remnants in an OB association ∼10 Myr after formation. We perform a likelihood analysis for each of our dynamically formed binary population against the data from the O1 and O2 LIGO/Virgo runs. We find that an initial mass spectrum M
BH ∝ M
−2.35 with an upper mass cutoff M
max ∼ 50M
⊙ is favored by the data, together with a slight preference for a merger rate that increases with redshift.
Quaternion-based autopilot for dodecacopters – Part II
Authors: Zabunov Svetoslav
Published: June 2019

“Quaternion-based Autopilot for Dodecacopters -Part I” was published in Aerospace Research in Bulgaria journal, volume 28/2016. The theoretical model at that time, evolved into a prototype autopilot system during the last two years. This small, as per its dimensions, but large according to its capabilities, autopilot is now presented herein. The autopilot is given the nomenclature identification “Z-Pilot Nano” and is currently at version 1.0 of its development. The device is scrutinized from the point of view of its major application platform–micro-drones weighing not more than 250g. Furthermore, Z-Pilot Nano has been installed in Bulgarian Knight UAV and elaboration on this implementation is disclosed in the current article. The autopilot is also applicable to other aircraft, as well as land and sea unmanned vehicles, due to its versatility and high performance parameters.
Electric vertical take-off and landing fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle for long endurance or long range?
Authors: Zafirov Dimo
Published: June 2019

An analysis of requirements to electric vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicle with fixed wings is carried out in this article. These aircraft have to fulfil requirements of users and to be convenient for operation in any field conditions. Long flight duration and long flight range are important for most missions. Mathematical models for both cases are presented and it has been found that the requirements for the wing load are different. It is recommended to use a type of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) that is modular and allows performing flights with different configurations and payload depending on the mission in order to fulfill these requirements.
Dataset of occurrence and incidence of pine processionary moth in Andalusia, south Spain
Authors: Ros-Candeira Andrea , Pérez-Luque Antonio Jesús , Suárez-Muñoz María , Bonet-García Francisco Javier , Hódar José A. , Giménez de Azcárate Fernando , Ortega-Díaz Elena
Published: June 2019

This dataset provides information about infestation caused by the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoeapityocampa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)) in pure or mixed pine woodlands and plantations in Andalusia. It represents a long-term series (1993–2015) containing 81,908 records that describe the occurrence and incidence of this species. Data were collected within a monitoring programme known as COPLAS, developed by the Regional Ministry of Environment and Territorial Planning of the Andalusian Regional Government within the frame of the Plan de Lucha Integrada contra la Procesionaria del Pino (Plan for Integrated Control Against the Pine Processionary Moth).

In particular, this dataset includes 4,386 monitoring stands which, together with the campaign year, define the dataset events in Darwin Core Archive. Events are related with occurrence data which show if the species is present or absent. In turn, the event data have a measurement associated: degree of infestation.
Nigéria : les méfaits de la democrazy
Authors: Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine
Published: June 2019

Lors du scrutin de février 2019, le président sortant, Muhamma du Buhari, a été réélu. Si une alternance peut avoir lieu à la tête de l’État, la démocratie nigériane ne s’en porte pas bien pour autant. Les milieux politiques sont gangrenés par la corruption. Les dirigeants successifs se révèlent incapables de créer de la cohésion nationale et d’assurer la sécurité dans certaines zones. Boko Haram est loin d’avoir été vaincu et agit comme un révélateur des faiblesses de l’État.
De l’utilité du G7 : témoignage d'un sherpa
Authors: Boehm Peter M. , Tarpinian Cécile
Published: June 2019

Le G7 constitue un élément informel mais important de la gouvernance mondiale. Ses membres sont supposés unis par des valeurs communes, ce qui explique, par exemple, que la Russie ne participe plus à ses travaux. Le G7 met en œuvre une machinerie très complexe qui a vocation à traiter de tous les problèmes globaux. Le sommet de Charlevoix, et l’ensemble des réunions qui l’ont entouré, ont illustré la volonté du Canada de donner un nouveau souffle, et une nouvelle surface à ces mécanismes.
Moscou et le G7 : un drame en trois actes, prologue, et épilogue
Authors: Kortunov Andrey , Samkov Boris
Published: June 2019

L’admission au G7/G8 symbolisait pour Moscou son rapprochement de « l’Occident collectif ». Mais l’admission fut lente, et Moscou ne fit jamais complètement partie du club. La Russie a bientôt pris conscience que le G8 n’était pas le directoire souhaité pour traiter ses préoccupations stratégiques. L’avènement du G20, et la crise ukrainienne, ont, pour Moscou, définitivement déclassé l’intérêt d’un G7, qui semble n’assurer que la défense et illustration des intérêts d’un Occident déclinant.
Une réponse accompagnée pour tous : une démarche qui met le pouvoir d’agir au service de la continuité des parcours
Authors: Drobi Marina
Published: June 2019

En 2014, Denis Piveteau écrit un rapport connu sous la forme abrégée « Zéro sans solution ». En résulte « La Réponse accompagnée pour tous ». Marina Drobi, actuellement responsable de la mise en ouvre de ce projet, l’expose selon trois aspects. D’abord, elle en identifie les deux piliers : accessibilité universelle et accompagnement adapté, visant la pleine insertion sociale. Par exemple, face à une demande sans solution, une MDPH se doit de concevoir « un plan B ». Ensuite, la mise en confiance des personnes concernées, l’accès à leurs droits constituent le socle du pouvoir d’agir. Enfin, ce dernier bénéficie des savoirs expérientiels des pairs accompagnants. Leur action permet une relation plus féconde tant pour les personnes accompagnées que pour les professionnels. En somme, « La réponse accompagnée pour tous » garantit de faire du projet d’autonomie et de citoyenneté une réalité.
La temporalité du chemin clinique
Authors: Perrin-Niquet Annick
Published: June 2019

La notion de rétablissement se présente comme objectif pour donner du sens, un but au parcours de vie. Il vise à développer l’autonomie et à procurer du pouvoir d’agir. Pour y parvenir, Annick Perrin-Niquet décrit un chemin clinique associant aux soignants les autres acteurs de la vie sociale. La relation soignante doit respecter une temporalité propre à chaque étape de la rencontre. Parvenir à l’alliance thérapeutique implique un travail sur les défenses pour une mise en confiance.
Un mundo de disparidades
Authors: Tomé Pedro , Ferrándiz Francisco
Published: June 2019

Este texto establece las claves principales de la línea editorial que Disparidades. Revista de Antropología, cuyo nombre estrena en este número, llevará en los próximos años. El cambio de denominación responde a un largo proceso de debate entre los miembros del Consejo de Redacción en el periodo 2015-2018, y tiene como finalidad profundizar en la armonización de la revista con las transformaciones de la disciplina antropológica en las últimas décadas.
Etnógrafas etnografiadas: de posicionamientos, dislocaciones y ubicaciones epistémicas
Authors: Castañeda Salgado Martha Patricia
Published: June 2019

En este artículo presento algunas consideraciones respecto a la relevancia que algunas antropólogas feministas mexi-canas asignan a la etnografía como parte crucial en el proceso de generación de conocimientos antropológicos. Coloco sus narra-tivas en el marco de una reflexión sobre la configuración de ubis antropológicos en los que se articulan sus posiciones teóricas, epistemológicas y políticas en el ejercicio de la disciplina.
Algunas instrucciones para abrir la caja negra del conocimiento feminista
Authors: Hernández García Jone M.
Published: June 2019

El texto enfatiza los procesos de producción del conocimiento como uno de los aspectos que la antropología feminista debería atender de cara a seguir avanzando en propuestas teóricas y metodológicas críticas. Se retoma un episodio sucedido durante el trabajo de campo para subrayar la relevancia del cuerpo y los afectos en estos procesos y, en general, en el desarrollo de la antropología feminista que está por venir.
Contenidos culturales de género en la religiosidad aimara del norte de Chile
Authors: Gavilán Vivian
Published: June 2019

Los estudios de la religiosidad en comunidades aimara han informado sobre la importancia que adquieren los sistemas culturales de género en la organización de los rituales y en los sistemas clasificatorios que estructuran las representaciones del orden social. Considerando estos antecedentes se presentan aquí resultados de una investigación que se propuso explorar en los sujetos de culto y sus contextos. A través de entrevistas y observaciones etnográficas, aplicadas en dos comunidades del altiplano del norte chileno, me aproximo a las divinidades y sus relaciones para conocer las bases filosóficas del proceso de simbolización de los géneros. Comparo los datos acopiados en dos períodos de trabajo de campo (1982-1997 y 2007 y 2016). Los resultados informan sobre el devenir de los procesos coloniales de género, caracterizado por la imposición de la ideología judeocristiana. También muestran la lucha de los actores sociales por incluir saberes y creencias legadas por los antepasados. Las referencias al dominio sexual conducen a contradicciones con el sistema hegemónico. La heterogeneidad de las ideas y de las prácticas religiosas se manifiesta en campos semánticos que resisten amalgamarse. Pero, los sistemas escolar y de salud se unen a las iglesias para continuar evangelizando y reduciendo lo femenino a la maternidad.
Real-Time Big Data Warehousing
Authors: Lima Francisca Vale , Costa Carlos , Santos Maribel Yasmina
Published: June 2019

The large volume of data that is constantly being generated leads to the need of extracting useful patterns, trends, or insights from this data, raising the interest in business intelligence and big data analytics. The volume, velocity, and variety of data highlight the need for concepts like real-time big data warehouses (RTBDWs). The lack of guidelines or methodological approaches for implementing these systems requires further research in this recent topic. This chapter presents the proposal of a RTBDW architecture that includes the main components and data flows needed to collect, process, store, and analyze the available data, integrating streaming with batch data and enabling real-time decision making. Using Twitter data, several technologies were evaluated to understand their performance. The obtained results were satisfactory and allowed the identification of a methodological approach that can be followed for the implementation of this type of system.
A Trajectory Ontology Design Pattern for Semantic Trajectory Data Warehouses
Authors: Manaa Marwa , Sakouhi Thouraya , Akaichi Jalel
Published: June 2019

Mobility data became an important paradigm for computing performed in various areas. Mobility data is considered as a core revealing the trace of mobile objects displacements. While each area presents a different optic of trajectory, they aim to support mobility data with domain knowledge. Semantic annotations may offer a common model for trajectories. Ontology design patterns seem to be promising solutions to define such trajectory related pattern. They appear more suitable for the annotation of multiperspective data than the only use of ontologies. The trajectory ontology design pattern will be used as a semantic layer for trajectory data warehouses for the sake of analyzing instantaneous behaviors conducted by mobile entities. In this chapter, the authors propose a semantic approach for the semantic modeling of trajectory and trajectory data warehouses based on a trajectory ontology design pattern. They validate the proposal through real case studies dealing with behavior analysis and animal tracking case studies.
Building OLAP Cubes From Columnar NoSQL Data Warehouses
Authors: Dehdouh Khaled
Published: June 2019

In the big data warehouses context, a column-oriented NoSQL database system is considered as the storage model which is highly adapted to data warehouses and online analysis. Indeed, the use of NoSQL models allows data scalability easily and the columnar store is suitable for storing and managing massive data, especially for decisional queries. However, the column-oriented NoSQL DBMS do not offer online analysis operators (OLAP). To build OLAP cubes corresponding to the analysis contexts, the most common way is to integrate other software such as HIVE or Kylin which has a CUBE operator to build data cubes. By using that, the cube is built according to the row-oriented approach and does not allow to fully obtain the benefits of a column-oriented approach. In this chapter, the main contribution is to define a cube operator called MC-CUBE (MapReduce Columnar CUBE), which allows building columnar NoSQL cubes according to the columnar approach by taking into account the non-relational and distributed aspects when data warehouses are stored.
Multidimensional Analysis of Big Data
Authors: Shaikh Salman Ahmed , Nakabasami Kousuke , Amagasa Toshiyuki , Kitagawa Hiroyuki
Published: June 2019

Data warehousing and multidimensional analysis go side by side. Data warehouses provide clean and partially normalized data for fast, consistent, and interactive multidimensional analysis. With the advancement in data generation and collection technologies, businesses and organizations are now generating big data (defined by 3Vs; i.e., volume, variety, and velocity). Since the big data is different from traditional data, it requires different set of tools and techniques for processing and analysis. This chapter discusses multidimensional analysis (also known as on-line analytical processing or OLAP) of big data by focusing particularly on data streams, characterized by huge volume and high velocity. OLAP requires to maintain a number of materialized views corresponding to user queries for interactive analysis. Precisely, this chapter discusses the issues in maintaining the materialized views for data streams, the use of special window for the maintenance of materialized views and the coupling issues of stream processing engine (SPE) with OLAP engine.
#FeesMustFall Campaign and the Quest for Accessible, Quality, and Decolonized Higher Education in South Africa
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: June 2019

This chapter is framed within the broader context of the transformative agenda of higher education sector in post-apartheid South Africa. The #FeesMustFall campaign started late October 2015 and the entire 2016 and has grown to become one of the biggest movements ever witnessed in the history of South African student politics. Similarly to the struggle waged by 1976 youth against the dominance of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction, FMF challenges the current government and universities to provide free, quality, and decolonized higher education. The slow pace of transformation, inaccessibility institutions due to fee increment, and Eurocentric curriculum, among others prompted the students to demand accessible financial inclusion and education relevant to their needs and reality. The chapter makes use of qualitative approach with both secondary and primary data extracted from books, accredited articles, and empirical data from selected participants.
Hedonic Utility Scale (HED/UT) Modified as a User Experience Evaluation Method of Performing Talkback Tutorial for Blind People
Authors: López Eduardo Emmanuel Rodríguez , Chery Jean Sandro , Álvarez Robles Teresita de Jesús , Álvarez Rodríguez Francisco Javier
Published: June 2019

Hedonic utility scale is a user experience (UX) evaluation method that, through a questionnaire, collects the hedonic and utilitarian dimensions of a product by rating items belonging to each dimension. In this chapter, it is proposed to adapt this method for its application with blind users using the Google TalkBack tutorial as a case study. Based on Nielsen's heuristics, five blind users rated the tutorial after completing each of its five tasks. To ensure inclusiveness in the adaptation of the method, this could be answered verbally and with the use of cards written in Braille, while, for questions of practicality in the evaluation, the number of items was reduced as well as changed the way of scoring (scale and equations) with respect to the original HED/UT. The scale of grades was ranked from 1 (very little) to 5 (quite), getting TalkBack scores between 4 and 5. The results show that the TalkBack tutorial is generally well accepted and well rated by users in both dimensions (hedonic and utility).
Real-Time Recoloring Ishihara Plates Using Artificial Neural Networks for Helping Colorblind People
Authors: Rivera Martín Montes , Padilla Alejandro , Canul-Reich Juana , Ponce Julio
Published: June 2019

Vision sense is achieved using cells called rods (luminosity) and cones (color). Color perception is required when interacting with educational materials, industrial environments, traffic signals, among others, but colorblind people have difficulties perceiving colors. There are different tests for colorblindness like Ishihara plates test, which have numbers with colors that are confused with colorblindness. Advances in computer sciences produced digital assistants for colorblindness, but there are possibilities to improve them using artificial intelligence because its techniques have exhibited great results when classifying parameters. This chapter proposes the use of artificial neural networks, an artificial intelligence technique, for learning the colors that colorblind people cannot distinguish well by using as input data the Ishihara plates and recoloring the image by increasing its brightness. Results are tested with a real colorblind people who successfully pass the Ishihara test.
IoT-Based Precision Agriculture System
Authors: Tripathy Sarita , Patra Shaswati
Published: June 2019

The huge number of items associated with web is known as the internet of things. It is associated with worldwide data consisting of various components and different types of gadgets, sensors, and software, and a large variety of other instruments. A large number of applications that are required in the field of agriculture should implement methods that should be realistic and reliable. Precision agriculture practices in farming are more efficient than traditional farming techniques. Precision farming simultaneously analyzes data along with generating it by the use of sensors. The application areas include tracking of farm vehicles, monitoring of the livestock, observation of field, and monitoring of storage. This type of system is already being accepted and adopted in many countries. The modern method of smart farming has started utilizing the IoT for better and faster yield of crops. This chapter gives a review of the various IoT techniques used in smart farming.
A Novel Power-Monitoring Strategy for Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Antithetic Sampling Method
Authors: Vasim Babu M.
Published: June 2019

The prime objective of this chapter is to develop a power-mapping localization algorithm based on Monte Carlo method using a discrete antithetic approach called Antithetic Markov Chain Monte Carlo (AMCMC). The chapter is focused on solving two major problems in WSN, thereby increasing the accuracy of the localization algorithm and discrete power control. Consecutively, the work is focused to reduce the computational time, while finding the location of the sensor. The model achieves the power controlling strategy using discrete power levels (CC2420 radio chip) which allocate the power, based on the event of each sensor node. By utilizing this discrete power mapping method, all the high-level parameters are considered for WSN. To improve the overall accuracy, the antithetic sampling is used to reduce the number of unwanted sampling, while identifying the sensor location in each transition state. At the final point, the accuracy is increased to 94% wherein nearly 24% of accuracy is increased compared to other MCL-based localization schemes.
Paving the Way for the Development of FinTech Initiatives in ASEAN
Authors: Hamdan Mahani , Anshari Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Financial technology (FinTech) is not one to be ignored under any circumstances. It is not only growing as a concept but a phenomenon that has been manifested in non-financial sectors using innovative technology to bring financial services straight to the customers. The creation and practical applications of FinTech supported by government regulations and financial policies, high mobile adoption, rising rates of internet penetration, and increasingly literate and millennial generation, strongly indicates that the various scopes of FinTech in ASEAN are very promising in supporting economic growth and financial inclusion. This chapter will provide an overview of FinTech and examine the development of FinTech initiatives to shed light on some challenges and solutions facing the ASEAN's financial landscape today and in the future.
FinTech
Authors: Bhandari Vibha
Published: June 2019

Businesses have been forerunners in providing innovative techniques and technology to the market. These emerging processes, techniques, and technologies have disrupted the existing ones and met the requirements of the existing customers. Today's banking and financial sector is facing an unprecedented change wherein various new players are entering the market and disrupting the traditional modes of operation. These players are a part of the latest disruption in the banking and financial sector, which is popularly known as Fin Tech (which is an amalgamation of finance and technology). They are providing alternative solutions and business models that are overhauling the manner in which this sector and its customers function. This disruption not only opens doors for completely different business opportunities but also poses challenges to the existing set up of business. The chapter aims to study the emerging trends associated emerging opportunities and challenges of FinTech in the banking and financial sector globally.
The Growing Opportunities of Financial Technology in Brunei
Authors: Thani Fakhriyah Abdullah
Published: June 2019

This chapter aims to address the current FinTech situation in Brunei as well as the possibility of encouraging the growth opportunities and adoption of FinTech into the nation's daily life. Although the development of FinTech has been prevalent across the globe, Brunei has only begun to creep up to its Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) counterparts in the race of FinTech growth. Although existing research on FinTech adoption is prevalent, there is little evidence to indicate a substantive research has been conducted on ASEAN FinTech, particularly in Brunei.
Advancing Towards a Cashless Society
Authors: Arine Munirah Ajeerah , Zain Hidayatul Aziyah , Rashid Norzaidah Hidayah
Published: June 2019

This exploratory research study looked into the younger population of Brunei Darussalam in terms of the feasibility of eWallets. By utilizing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model established by Venkatesh et al., this research hoped to assess the country's technological readiness and the level of acceptance of eWallet adoption in a future of an e-Payment economy for the purpose of to improve the efficiency of financial institutions as well as for the provision of new services for the convenience of the customers. The study found that none of the main four constructs of the UTAUT model to be predictors of behavioral intention but rather, attitude towards using technology and anxiety. This may be as a result of the younger populace being in constant interaction with various types of technology, paired with the rising internet connectivity which led to the minimal impact of a new technology, in this case, eWallets.
Systematic Evaluation of Innovative Pedagogies in Teacher Education Courses and Practica
Authors: Shambaugh Neal
Published: June 2019

Innovative pedagogies create new learning environments to help public school students achieve 21st century learning outcomes. Evaluating agreed upon criteria of what constitutes success with these pedagogies produces evidence that supports teacher effectiveness, which is embedded in teacher education program accountability reports and school improvement plans. This chapter describes how innovative pedagogies can be evaluated, first modeled in teacher education methods courses by higher education faculty and then taught in public schools by preservice teachers. The chapter first connects evaluation for teacher education program accreditation, program improvement goals, preservice teacher performance, and public school improvement plans. The chapter then examines the formative evaluation of innovative pedagogies during an implementation period and a more formal evaluation after an adequate test. Each level of evaluation is addressed for both teacher education courses and practica placements. Recommendations for best practices and research directions are provided.
Teacher Residency 2.0
Authors: Juárez Lucinda M. , Santillán Lisa , Swoyer Jennifer Gilardi
Published: June 2019

A Hispanic serving university in South Texas is implementing a teacher preparation program called the Teacher Residency 2.0 Model. This residency model strives to develop culturally efficacious instructors by providing new teachers with a more intensely supported experience through a network that includes a cohort of teacher candidates, assistant professors in practice, mentor/master teachers, and an online platform. Through this combined network, teacher candidates are more adequately prepared and supported to teach on day one, through developed expertise in culturally efficacious instruction, established professional relationships, and have access to resources for enduring success in the field. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the implementation of the Teacher Residency 2.0 Model to develop culturally efficacious, high quality teachers by carefully crafting coursework and experiences. The program described here are year-long experiences that include a collaborative workspace at the university and the school districts.
Digital Pedagogy for the 21st Century Educator
Authors: Robertson Shawn L.
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores the process by which educators entered into a 21st century pedagogy that aids students' access to course materials using a digital platform. It explains how graduate students in one course learned how to utilize different technological tools and change their thinking and skillset. It also explores differentiated instruction in digital form rather than using traditional means. The root cause of the limited pedagogy that prevents teachers from reaching their fullest potential through using differentiated tiered assignments is also examined.
Actors in the Emerging Internet of Things Ecosystems
Authors: Leminen Seppo , Rajahonka Mervi , Westerlund Mika
Published: June 2019

This study investigates actors in the ecosystems of the Internet of Things (IoT). Previous research suggests that unstructured ecosystems make one of the greatest challenges for creating business models for the IoT. The present study concludes four contributions. First, the study reviews literature to develop a framework for role mechanisms in ecosystems and applies the framework to analyse data from fifteen interviews in six cases. Second, it identifies four diverse actor roles in IoT ecosystems: butterfly, ant and greenfly, spider, and the swarm of bees. Third, the study shows how actors take and make different roles in four emerging IoT ecosystems; product-, company-, industry-, and peer to peer ecosystems, which are structured in accordance with the identified actors' role behavior. Fourth, it suggests a new role pattern, role replication, where companies replicate their value designs and networks to other contexts.
Clinical Applications
Authors: Sanchis-Sánchez Enrique , Salvador-Palmer Rosario , Codoñer-Franch Pilar , Martín-Guerrero Jose , Vergara-Hernández Carlos , Blasco Jose María , Ballester Esther , Sanchis Enrique J , González-Peña Rolando , Priego-Quesada Jose I. , Cibrián Rosa M
Published: June 2019

The study of the diagnostic accuracy of Infrared Thermal Imaging in the diagnosis of orthopaedic injuries in childhood has been motivated by the high incidence of these injuries throughout the world, being one of the most common reasons for urgent medical consultation. Diagnosis of musculoskeletal injuries usually involves radiography, but this exposes children without fractures to unnecessary ionising radiation. This chapter assesses whether infrared thermography could provide a viable alternative in cases of trauma. To evaluate the accuracy of this technique new thermographic variables have been added to those commonly analysed, such as the extent of the injury and the difference in the size of the area that is at an equal temperature or higher than the maximum temperature of the healthy area. Non-linear cataloguing methods (decision tree models) have also been applied. With the protocol presented, infrared thermal imaging had a sensitivity of 0.91, a specificity of 0.88 and a negative predictive value of 0.95 for diagnosing musculoskeletal injuries.
EEG Analysis of Imagined Speech
Authors: Iqbal Sadaf , Shanir P.P. Muhammed , Khan Yusuf Uzzaman , Farooq Omar
Published: June 2019

Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the most commonly used methods to acquire EEG data for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Worldwide a large number of people suffer from disabilities which impair normal communication. Communication BCIs are an excellent tool which helps the affected patients communicate with others. In this paper scalp EEG data is analysed to discriminate between the imagined vowel sounds /a/, /u/ and no action or rest as control state. Mean absolute deviation (MAD) and Arithmetic mean are used as features to classify data into one of the classes /a/, /u/ or rest. With high classification accuracies of 87.5-100% for two class problem and 78.33-96.67% for three class problem that have been obtained in this work, this algorithm can be used in communication BCIs, to develop speech prosthesis and in synthetic telepathy systems.
Towards Black Box Forensic Cybercrime Investigation Model (BBFCIM)
Authors: Oginni Oyewole Simon
Published: June 2019

Although internet has emerged to bridge digital divides and improve how things are done across diverse spheres of life, its explosion has also brought unexpected threats, risks and loss of valuables over a decade. Consequently, there seems to have been plethora of cybercrime investigation models but the proliferation of these models has not substantially reduced the frequency of cyber attacks globally. Given that the recent development in cyberspace seems to follow same trends of how survivable Black Box (Flight Data Recorder) emerged, this chapter proposes a Black Box Forensic Cybercrime Investigation Model (BBFCIM). BBFCIM sets a new agenda for cybercrime investigation process by focusing on survivability and reliability of existing and would-be models rather than evolving as a distinct model of itself. It adopts soft innovative skills in the development of Black Box components to shape proactive cybercrime investigation process through sequential tests on each networking layers.
An Innovation-Based and Sustainable Knowledge Society
Authors: Piaggesi Danilo
Published: June 2019

Innovation is a key source of new products, benefit and fresh growth in revenues. In developed economies, the private sector is the engine of innovation and growth, accounting for between half and two-thirds of total spending on research and development in some countries. On the other hand, increasing access to technology will be a critical driver of economic growth in emerging economies, but it will require private sector leaders and the public sector to work together to make their respective programs more impactful. At the same time, the rapid advances and pervasive diffusion of information and communication technology (ICT), combined with the growth of the Internet have led to deep transformations in economic, social and institutional structures. ICT applications affect the performance of businesses and the efficiency of markets, foster the empowerment of citizens and communities as well as their access to knowledge, and contribute to strengthening and redefining governance processes at all institutional levels.
Innovating Service Delivery Through a Community-Based B2B2C Platform
Authors: Gou Juanqiong , Li Jiayao , Xiang Jing , Zhang Justin
Published: June 2019

The continuous evolution of e-business has demanded firms to seek innovative business models to collect and integrate information from electronic marketplaces. The authors present a case study of Card Union to investigate how companies can develop innovative models of service delivery at different stages to adapt to the changing environments of electronic business. Their analysis demonstrates that B2B2C models allow firms to extend their product and service varieties through information integration and delivery so as to obtain the benefits of long-tail effects and economies of scope. The authors' research provides valuable insights about the evolution of B2B2C models and practical guidance for managers to effectively design and deploy their e-business models.
Social Media and SMEs
Authors: Talukder Majharul , Quazi Ali , Djatikusumol Dede
Published: June 2019

This article addresses a research lacuna in the literature with regard to determinants of attitudes and adoption of an innovation (Facebook) in the SMEs sector in emerging economies with particular reference to Indonesia. To this end, five support dimensions: government support, management support, motivational support, technological support and training support were developed basing on existing literature and the established theories in the relevant field. The impact of these support dimensions on managerial attitudes and adoption of innovation were then examined in an organizational setting. Data was collected from a sample of senior managers representing Indonesian SMEs through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multivariate statistical tools, such as multiple regression analysis. The research revealed significant effects of government support, management support, technological support and training support dimensions on the managerial perception of innovation and direct effects of management and training support on the adoption of innovation. Interestingly, government support dimensions have significant impacted the commitment of SMEs to innovation but not on the adoption behavior of innovation, suggesting that governments' main role would be to ensure commitment of SMEs. This is because commitment is a crucial precondition of adoption behavior. Furthermore, managers' physical maturity (age) was found to moderate the relationship between government support and the perception of innovation. The implications of these interesting findings for SMEs and for the governments in emerging economies to designing an appropriate strategy for effective implementation of social media as an innovation are highlighted in this article.
Siemens' Customer Value Proposition for the Migration of Legacy Devices to Cyber-Physical Systems in Industrie 4.0
Authors: Cozmiuc Diana Claudia , Petrisor Ioan I.
Published: June 2019

Industry is transforming from Industrie 3.0, automation, to Industrie 4.0, digitalization. Siemens intends to be a key player in Industrie 4.0, whose customer value proposition will shape manufacturing industries at customers. This chapter analyzes Siemens' customer value proposition for cyber-physical systems as manufacturing equipment and products in terms of this technology's impact on value. The goal is to identify concrete value drivers which cyber-physical systems technology in Industrie 4.0 brings. The statements about these value drivers belong to Siemens and are compared to operations' management literature. Cyber-physical systems negotiating as peer-to-peer in Industrie 4.0 will bring a new level of complexity. Manufacturing complexity builds complex products. Cyber-physical systems peer-to-peer negotiation decides manufacturing scheduling and brings unprecedented levels of complexity and flexibility. Manufacturing complexity enables new business models, one of which is mass customization.
Cleantech and Water Treatment as a Case of Disruptive Innovation
Authors: Sabourin Vincent
Published: June 2019

Shifts in the disruptive innovations and the growing impact of consumer cleantech are best understood by looking at megatrends in water management. Trends are global long-term forces of development that impact society, economy, environment, culture, and personal lives. Trends are continuously changing the dynamic landscape in which companies operate. This chapter examined commercial opportunities for the internet of things in the market of cleantech with respect to water treatment. The chapter theoretically looked at the four clusters of water management as relates to the application of internet of things: metering, piping, reclamation, and agricultural clusters. An analysis of market strategies and competitive strategies is conducted leading to a brief development of innovation frontiers in water management.
The Effect of Organizational Slack on Innovation Performance
Authors: Pan Qiuyue , Wei Jiang , Al-Hakim Latif
Published: June 2019

To compete through disruptive innovation, organisations allocate part of its resources as a buffer to support its capability of disruptiveness or to face challenges created by competitors. These resources could be in terms of human resources, technology, equipment, information and/or financial resources. Literature refers to the buffer of resources as organisational slack. This research considers high-tech industry in China and investigates the relationship between the characteristics of the organisation's governance body, organisational slack and innovation performance. Data required by our research were obtained from various national databases available in the library of Zhejiang University. Data from 233 high-tech organisations listed in Chinese stock market were analysed. The results indicate that the interaction of the organisational slack of an organisation with various characteristics of the governance body partially moderates the innovation performance.
The Effect of R&D Cooperation on Organizational Innovation
Authors: Simao Lurdes , Franco Mário
Published: June 2019

The literature on innovation suggests that cooperation in R&D has a very positive effect on the performance of firms' technological innovation, but little is known about its impact on organizational innovation. Thus, this chapter aims to analyze the effect of R&D cooperation on firms' abilities to introduce organizational innovation. A quantitative study was made based on a sample of 5,079 Portuguese firms from the CIS 2010-Community Innovation Survey 2010. The results showed R&D cooperation with clients to be predominant in organizational innovation performance. Cooperation with competitors, universities, and state laboratories has no significant effect. R&D cooperation with other firms within the same group and with suppliers has a significant positive impact on organizational innovation in the workplace. In addition, cooperation with consultants is significant in business practices and external relations. This study contributes to the development of theory on organizational innovation, examining the relationship between R&D cooperation and organizational innovation.