bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on medication prescription in the elderly population: benzodiazepine use and potential drug interactions
Authors: Alvim Mariana Macedo , Cruz Danielle Teles da , Aquino Glenda de Almeida , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: August 2021

Abstract Background Prescription of medications for elderly individuals is complex, potentially involving polypharmacy, drug interactions, and inappropriate medication. Notable among the medications are benzodiazepines, whose long-term use is common and growing among the elderly population. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of potential drug interactions (PDI) in elderly community-dwelling patients who use benzodiazepines. Method Cross-sectional study, conducted via household survey, with 73 elderly persons in Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. The search and classification of PDIs was carried out using the Micromedex® system. Results The prevalence of benzodiazepine use in this population was 18.3% (95% CI, 15.2-21.6). The use of benzodiazepines was associated with polypharmacy (p<0.01; PR 3.03; 95% CI, 1.79-5.26). A total of 157 PDI occurrences were found in 69.9% of the elderly people assessed. Of these, 25 were related to benzodiazepines. In the elderly individuals who use benzodiazepines, polypharmacy was associated with PDI (p<0.01; PR = 16.13; 95% CI, 4.67-55.55). PDI occurrence was high in the elderly people who use benzodiazepines, including interactions of highly significant clinical value. Conclusion In general, PDI is associated with polypharmacy, which demonstrates the need to rationalize drug use in the elderly population through continuous monitoring, seeking the simplest and safest possible therapeutic regimen.
Proporção de exodontia no estado de São Paulo e sua relação com a cobertura da Equipe de Saúde Bucal
Authors: Santos Paulo Roberto dos , Bulgareli Jaqueline Vilela , Cunha Inara Pereira da , Brizon Valéria Silva Cândido , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi , Francesquini Júnior Luiz
Published: August 2021

Resumo Introdução O conhecimento dos fatores relacionados à perda dentária contribui para o planejamento das ações preventivas realizadas pelas Equipes de Saúde Bucal (ESBs). Objetivo Avaliar o indicador de proporção de exodontia nos municípios do estado de São Paulo e a sua relação com os indicadores socioeconômicos e cobertura das ESBs. Método Estudo ecológico com dados secundários dos 645 municípios do estado de São Paulo do ano de 2012. A variável dependente foi o percentual de exodontia mensurado pelo indicador de proporção de exodontia em relação aos procedimentos individuais realizados pelas ESBs, disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica. Foram considerados como variáveis independentes a cobertura populacional estimada pelas ESBs, o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) dos municípios per capita, o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) e o Índice Paulista de Responsabilidade Social (IPRS). Foram aplicados modelos lineares generalizados, avaliados pelo p-valor do teste de Wald, AICC e grau de liberdade. Resultados Apresentaram maior proporção de extrações dentárias as cidades do estado de São Paulo com menor cobertura de ESBs (p < 0,0001), com menor valor de IDH (p < 0,0001) e com maior valor de IPRS (p = 0,0018). Conclusão A baixa cobertura de ESBs e as desigualdades socioeconômicas contribuem para aumentar as extrações dentárias no estado de São Paulo.
Percepção sobre a segurança alimentar e nutricional de instituições cadastradas no Banco de Alimentos de Itapecerica da Serra
Authors: Hehnke Brenda , Galera Andreza da Silva , Silva Natália Miranda da , De Maria Pier Francesco , Kutz Nyvian Alexandre , Salgueiro Marcia Maria Hernandes de Abreu de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

Resumo Introdução O Banco de Alimentos recebe gêneros alimentícios fora dos padrões para comercialização, mas que estão próprios para o consumo humano e sem nenhuma restrição sanitária. Objetivo Verificar a percepção das instituições beneficiadas pelo Banco de Alimentos de Itapecerica da Serra sobre a segurança alimentar e nutricional. Método Estudo qualitativo realizado com 12 instituições cadastradas no Banco de Alimentos, por meio de entrevista gravada com roteiro semiestruturado. Resultados As instituições participantes atenderam cerca de 2.140 indivíduos em situação de vulnerabilidade social, sendo que sete delas distribuíam os alimentos doados, quatro utilizavam os alimentos doados no preparo de refeições e apenas uma realizava as duas atividades. A partir dos dados obtidos, foram extraídos cinco temas: segurança alimentar e nutricional; contribuição à instituição; vulnerabilidade social; falta de cadastro; e monotonia alimentar. Conclusão Os responsáveis das instituições beneficiadas pelo Banco de Alimentos apresentaram uma percepção sobre segurança alimentar e nutricional fundamentada no acesso aos alimentos pelas famílias atendidas. Isso satisfaz, parcialmente, o conceito de segurança alimentar e nutricional adotado no Brasil.
Baixo peso em idosos segundo idade e pontos de corte do Índice de Massa Corporal
Authors: Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Assumpção Daniela de , Borim Flávia Silva Arbex , Bacurau Aldiane Gomes de Macedo , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: August 2021

Resumo Introdução O baixo peso em idosos se relaciona a vários comportamentos e condições de saúde, e sua prevalência é pouco disponível na literatura. Os diferentes pontos de corte, usualmente utilizados, assim como a definição etária dessa população, dificultam comparações. Objetivo Estimar as prevalências de baixo peso para todas as capitais brasileiras, Distrito Federal e regiões, considerando-se diferentes recortes de idade e pontos de corte para o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Método Foram utilizados os dados do inquérito telefônico Vigitel de 2015 para idosos com idade ≥ 60 anos (n = 18.726) e ≥ 65 anos (n = 13.349). Foram estimadas as prevalências e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% para valores de IMC < 18,5 kg/m2, ≤ 22,0 kg/m2 e ≤ 23,0 kg/m2. Resultados Para os idosos com idade ≥ 60 anos, as prevalências de baixo peso para os pontos de corte < 18,5 kg/m2, ≤ 22,0 kg/m2 e ≤ 23,0 kg/m2 foram de 2,6%, 14,7% e 21,7%, respectivamente. Entre aqueles com idade ≥ 65 anos, as prevalências foram de 3,5%, 16,1% e 22,9%, respectivamente, para os referidos pontos de corte. Conclusão As prevalências de baixo peso foram similares por recorte etário, independentemente do critério considerado. No entanto, elas divergiram de forma importante, a depender do ponto de corte utilizado para a classificação do IMC.
Educação ambiental nas escolas da rede municipal de ensino de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Santos Patrícia Pato dos , Alves Gilberto Luiz
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objeto a educação ambiental, tal como vem se desenvolvendo na Rede Municipal de Ensino (Reme) de Campo Grande, estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, com o propósito de apreender a sistematização da educação ambiental na escola pública contemporânea. Temos como questão norteadora a forma pela qual o trabalho didático se realiza no âmbito da educação ambiental escolar, enquanto forma concreta de trabalho na escola. O procedimento de pesquisa consistiu na análise de manuais didáticos do ensino fundamental das áreas de Geografia e Ciências, e observações sistemáticas nas reuniões de formação continuada de professores. Os dados foram analisados à luz do referencial teórico-metodológico ciência da história. Foi constatado que a educação ambiental, da mesma forma que a educação em geral, assumiu um caráter livresco e verbalista que a afasta do rigor científico e das experiências vivas constituídas pelas relações entre o homem e o ambiente.
A pesquisa em ensino de ciências e a educação científica em tempos de pandemia: reflexões sobre natureza da ciência e interdisciplinaridade
Authors: Catarino Giselle Faur de Castro , Reis José Cláudio de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Este artigo retoma e repercute algumas indagações fundamentais para a pesquisa em Educação em Ciências, projetadas pelo atual contexto de pandemia que vem reforçando fragilidades, mas também revelando caminhos possíveis para superação de problemas. Baseamo-nos nas perspectivas socio-histórico-cultural e dialógica para apontar caminhos e descaminhos da construção do saber científico e de seu ensino. Partimos do diálogo com as atuais contribuições da área, reforçando a importância de um ensino baseado em aspectos da natureza da ciência, com foco em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar. Como reflexões, entendemos que a pandemia nos traz a possibilidade de repensar o papel da Educação em Ciências e do nosso papel na qualidade de educadores, indicando a necessidade de desenvolvimento de uma postura e de uma prática mais dialógicas, caminhando em direção à complexidade e à evolução histórica, cultural e social dos conceitos, e possibilitando propostas interdisciplinares inclusivas, essenciais para uma visão crítica do mundo.
Uma análise crítica da competência cultura digital na Base Nacional Curricular Comum
Authors: Machado Aline Alvares , Amaral Marília Abrahão
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O papel das novas tecnologias não pode ser indiscutível, cabendo à sociedade o debate sobre as apropriações, significados e importância desses artefatos. No âmbito da Educação, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) estabelece competências para a composição dos currículos brasileiros e especifica a competência em Cultura Digital como um dos conjuntos de habilidades e conhecimentos a serem mobilizados em todas as disciplinas do Ensino Fundamental. Neste artigo, a Cultura Digital na BNCC será analisada pelo olhar da Filosofia Crítica da Tecnologia e de pedagogias críticas. Conclui-se que o texto da Competência Cultura Digital na BNCC carece de uma visão crítica de tecnologia, em que esta deixe de ser uma coleção de objetos e técnicas, e seja percebida como um produto das interações sociais. Essa concepção crítica pode auxiliar os docentes na construção de uma base cultural e técnica para os educandos.
Grass pollen sensitization in dogs in Paraná, Brazil: comparison between percutaneous and intradermal testing
Authors: Cerdeiro A.P.S. , Farias M.R. , Cunha V.E.S. , Secchi G.V. , Pacheco B.D. , Alcalá C.O.R. , Ganho R.G.R.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Canine atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory, genetic, pruritic and chronic dermatosis that affects between 10 and 30% of dogs and one of the most important allergens is grass pollen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitization to grass pollen allergens in dogs with canine atopic dermatitis and to compare intradermal skin test (IDT) with percutaneous test (PT). For this study, ten healthy dogs and 39 dogs with atopic dermatitis were tested. Dogs were submitted to IDT and PT for Lolium multiflorum, Cynodon dactylon and Paspalum notatum. The IDT and PT tests were compared using the Proportion Test. All healthy dogs were negative to both tests. Ten atopic dogs (25.6%) responded positively to the PT and none were positive in IDT. C. dactylon, L. multiflorum and P. notatum were responsible for positive reactions in 70%, 70% and 30% of positive dogs, respectively. The number of positive reactions in PT were statistically higher than IDT (P<0.05). In conclusion, grass pollen can be important source of allergens for dogs in Paraná state (Brazil) and the PT showed higher sensitization to grass pollen in dogs with atopic dermatitis than IDT.
Scrotal thermographic profile and seminal characteristics of Mangalarga Marchador stallions bred in the Atlantic Rainforest biome
Authors: Machado W.M. , Barros C.H.S.C. , Matarazzo S.V. , Snoeck P.P.N.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the scrotal thermographic profile and to verify the influence of temperature and humidity of the humid tropical climate on testicular temperature and seminal quality of Mangalarga Marchador stallions. The thermal profiles of the proximal, middle, and distal zones of the testicles and total surface temperature (TSTT) were recorded using an FLIR E60bx thermal imager. The average air temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) were obtained 1, 5, 9, 33, and 66 days before semen collection and showed a mean value of 26.5±2.4 and 80.4±6.0 respectively. The scrotal surface temperature was close to 34°C and there was no variation with the age of the stallion, reproductive activity, and characteristics of the ejaculate (P>0.05). The only significant correlations obtained were between TSTT and minor defects (R = 0.41; P<0.05), between TSTT and total defects (R = 0.46; P<0.01), and between TSTT and percentage of morphologically normal sperm (R = -0.46; P<0.05). It was concluded that the Mangalarga Marchador stallions maintained the testicular temperature within favorable conditions for spermatogenesis, demonstrating the efficiency of testicular thermoregulation mechanisms in the Atlantic Forest biome.
Morphometry of bovine blastocysts produced in vitro in culture media with antioxidants cysteamine or oily extract of Lippia origanoides
Authors: Sollecito N.V. , Alves R.N. , Beletti M.E. , Pereira E.C.M. , Miranda M.S. , Silva J.K.R. , Borges A.M.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the ultrastructural morphometry of bovine embryos produced in vitro grown at different concentrations of antioxidants. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, the presumptive zygotes were assigned into five treatments. T1) without the addition of any antioxidants (negative control); T2) addition of 50μM/mL cysteamine; and T3, T4 and T5) adding 2.5μg/mL, 5.0μg/mL or 10.0μg/mL of the antioxidants derived from the oily extract from Lippia origanoides, respectively. On D7 of culture, the embryos in the blastocyst stage were fixed and prepared for electron transmission microscopy. These were evaluated for the proportion of cytoplasm-to-nucleus, cytoplasm-to-mitochondria, cytoplasm-to-vacuoles, cytoplasm-to-autophagic vacuoles and cytoplasm-to-lipid droplets. Blastocysts cultured in media containing oily extract of Lippia origanoides presented morphological characteristics such as high cell:mitochondria ratio and low cell:vacuoles and cell:autophagic vacuole ratio, possibly been morphological indicators of embryonic quality. Inner cell mass (ICM) from blastocysts cultured in media without any antioxidants had the highest cell:vacuole ratio. Similar results were found in the trophectoderm (TE) cells of blastocysts from treatment 2. Embryo culture media supplemented with antioxidants derived from Lippia origanoides oil produced embryos with a higher cytoplasmic proportion of organelles, such as mitochondria. Also, treatments without any antioxidants or with the addition of cysteamine presented cytoplasmic vacuolization, a characteristic related to production of poor-quality embryos.
Standardization of a rapid quadruplex PCR method for the simultaneous detection of bovine, buffalo, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes DNA in milk
Authors: Lima J.S. , Sampaio A.P.P.O. , Dufossé M.C.S. , Rosa A.M.B.P. , Sousa P.F.M. , Silva J.B. , Cardoso G.V.F. , Moraes C.M. , Roos T.B.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to Standardize a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) protocol for the authentication of bovine and buffalo milk, and to detect the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. For this, the target DNA was extracted, mixed, and subjected to a PCR assay. Milk samples were defrauded and experimentally contaminated with microorganisms to assess the detection of target DNA at different times of cultivation, bacterial titers, and concentration of genetic material. In addition, the protocol was tested with DNA extracted directly from food, without a pre-enrichment step. The proposed quadruplex PCR showed good accuracy in identifying target DNA sequences. It was possible to simultaneously identify all DNA sequences at the time of inoculation (0h), when the samples were contaminated with 2 CFU/250mL and with 6h of culture when the initial inoculum was 1 CFU/250mL. It was also possible to directly detect DNA sequences from the food when it was inoculated with 3 CFU/mL bacteria. Thus, the proposed methodology showed satisfactory performance, optimization of the analysis time, and a potential for the detection of microorganisms at low titers, which can be used for the detection of fraud and contamination.
Prevalence, risk factors and survival in dogs with myxomatous valve degeneration
Authors: Pascon J.P.E. , Jung G.C. , Valandro M.A. , Oliveira M.T.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence, survival time, and risk factors of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs by a retrospective observational cohort study design of a Brazilian veterinary center, admitted from 2012 to 2018 (2.585 days). Considering the 105 dog files confirmed as MMVD, the prevalence of the disease was higher in small-breed dogs with ages from 10 to 19 years (30.3%). The survival time of the dogs at B1 stage (1.854 ± 145 days) was higher than the B2 (1.508+209) and C/D (930 ± 209). Higher risks of death (hazard ratio) were detected in the presence of syncope (2.5), pulmonary crackling (2.0), dyspnea (1.9), and higher values of vertebral heart scale (1.7), radiographic left atrium dimension (1.8), the ACVIM staging (1.7), and the duration of QRS complex (1.05). The results achieved demonstrated higher prevalence of MMVD in old small-breed dogs, associated with longer survival time in the B1 stage of the disease, and higher risk of death related to the presence of clinical signs, such as dyspnea, syncope, and pulmonary crackling, beyond some radiographic, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic variables of heart or atrial enlargement.
Marking fin spine of juvenile sturgeon (acipenseriformes: acipenseridae) using oxytetracycline and the comparing of growth performance
Authors: Bakhshalizadeh S. , Bani A. , Abdolmalaki S. , Ponce-Palafox J.T.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to describe and validate the formation of the rings in the spine of the pectoral fin and to determine the coherence of the OTC mark with the rings of three species of Caspian Sea sturgeon, the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), the Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) and Ship sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris). Validation was achieved by comparing the total radius of the fin spine of fish of known age after one and two years of growth with the measured radius of the first and second rings in the zone. There was no overlap between the measured radius for the first year and the increase for the second. The Ship sturgeon showed the largest width of the second ring followed by the Persian sturgeon and Stellate sturgeon. The results indicate that the highest growth parameter belongs to the juvenile Ship sturgeon. This research showed that chemically marking the fin spines of juvenile Acipenseridae leads to unbiased estimates and contributes to the knowledge of the population dynamics of these species. The study found that the combination of the dial ring of the pectoral fin spine with growth validated the age estimation in juvenile sturgeon Ship, Persian, and Starry sturgeon.
Nelore females along a new Brazilian agricultural frontier: hematological and clinical-biochemical approaches
Authors: Tolentino L.H.O. , Tolentino M.L.D.L , Dantas J.B. , Fonseca S.S. , Vaz A.F.M.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The Nelore breed is the second largest bovine breed in the world and has actively participated in the expansion of new Brazilian agricultural frontiers. In this context, the purpose of this study was to determine the hematological and biochemical reference intervals of healthy Nelore matrices raised under an extensive regime without supplementation along southwest of Piauí state. Blood samples were collected from fifty-five multiparous female of the Nelore breed. Biochemical and hematological parameters were analyzed using a parametric statistical method with 95% CI of reference limits. The average values of red blood cells, hemoglobin as well as hematimetric indices showed reference ranges similar to reference standards. The hematocrit as well as granulocytes and agranulocytes presented alterations typical of animals raised in environments with higher temperatures. Mineral, enzymatic, protein and metabolic profiles were similar to other bovine breeds but with a narrower range of values. However, lower mean values were observed for levels of ionized calcium, total protein and urea. Nelore females present slightly different biochemical and hematological profiles from other breeds, which might result from the environmental and nutritional management applied and the natural deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium in the region's pastures.
Aggregation of hepatic melanomacrophage centers in S. herzbergii (Pisces, Ariidae) as indicators of environmental change and well-being
Authors: Viana H.C. , Jesus W.B. , Silva S.K.L. , Jorge M.B. , Santos D.M.S. , Neta R.N.F. Carvalho
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) in the liver of fish are indicators of environmental conditions, as they are involved in xenobiotic biotransformation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the number of MMC in the liver of juveniles and adults of Sciades herzbergii from areas with different levels of contamination. The fish were caught at three points (reference - A1, potentially impacted - A2 and contaminated - A3), in São José bay (Maranhão, Brazil), in four samples. The livers were subjected to the standard histological procedure and 5μm sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. In livers of A2 adult individuals (260.50±161.50 MMCs / mm²) they presented a greater number of MMCs when compared to A3 adults (60.00 ± 30.10 MMCs / mm²). Juveniles showed considerable values in A1 (100.00 ± 0.00 MMCs/mm²) and A2 (95.33 ± 33.00 MMCs / mm²) compared to juveniles in A3 (49.00±0.00 MMCs/mm²). These high values are unexpected for young people. The average number of MMC correlated with the rainy season in the region. The use of hepatic MMCs as a biomarker of exposure to pollutants, in particular substances from fisheries systems, such as ammonia and nitrite, proved to be adequate to differentiate areas with different levels of impacts.
Metastatic melanoma in a Saanen goat: clinical, ultrasonographic and anatomopathological aspects - case report
Authors: Conceição A.I. , Cajueiro J.F.P. , Mendonça C.L. , Souza M.I. , Afonso J.A.B. , Oliveira J.B.S. , Santos R.L. , Arenales A.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This report describes clinical, ultrasonographic and anatomopathological findings in a case of metastatic melanoma in an adult Saanen goat. Clinically, the goat had apathy, an intra-abdominal palpable firm structure, and exophytic keratinized areas on the skin of the udder. Ultrasound revealed non-encapsulated oval structures, with heterogeneous echogenicity and marked central and peripheral vascularization, and hypoechoic hepatic multifocal to coalescent areas. In the udder, there were non-encapsulated oval structures with heterogeneous echogenicity and hyperechoic center surrounded by hypoechogenic tissue. Grossly, there were black multifocal to coalescent areas in the liver, as well as black nodules in mammary and mesenteric lymph nodes, uterus, spleen, and myocardium. Microscopically, multifocal melanocytic neoplastic proliferation was observed in the dermis and junction of the udder epidermis. Most of the neoplastic cells had cytoplasmic granules of melanin. In the liver there were areas of neoplastic tissue compressing the adjacent parenchyma, with central foci of necrosis, mild desmoplasia, and multifocal infiltration of malignant cells into the adjacent tissues. Similar findings were observed in the mammary and mesenteric lymph nodes, uterus, spleen, and myocardium, which characterized metastatic melanoma. Ultrasonography played a key role for establishing the diagnosis of a metastatic melanoma and helped establish a proper clinical management protocol.
Two new species of oil-collecting bees of Centris (Melanocentris) from Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Vivallo Felipe
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT In this article are described two new species of oil-collecting bees of Centris (Melanocentris) from Colombia. Centris (Melanocentris) marinae sp. nov. occurs in the northeast, César Department, while C. (Melanocentris) germani sp. nov. occurs in the southeast, in the Caquetá, Meta and Vaupés Departments, as well as in the Amazonas State in northwestern Brazil. Photographs of both new species and a distribution map are also presented.
The role of transition regime models for corn prices forecasting
Authors: Albuquerquemello Vinícius Phillipe de , Medeiros Rennan Kertlly de , Jesus Diego Pitta de , Oliveira Felipe Araujo de
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Given the relevance of corn for food and fuel industries, analysts and scholars are constantly comparing the forecasting accuracy of econometric models. These exercises test not only for the use of new approaches and methods, but also for the addition of fundamental variables linked to the corn market. This paper compares the accuracy of different usual models in financial macro-econometric literature for the period between 1995 and 2017. The main contribution lies in the use of transition regime models, which accommodate structural breaks and perform better for corn price forecasting. The results point out that the best models as those which consider not only the corn market structure, or macroeconomic and financial fundamentals, but also the non-linear trend and transition regimes, such as threshold autoregressive models.
A functional data analysis approach for the monitoring of ship CO2 emissions
Authors: Capezza Christian , Centofanti Fabio , Lepore Antonio , Palumbo Biagio
Published: August 2021

Abstract Sensing networks provide nowadays massive amounts of data that in many applications provide information about curves, surfaces and vary over a continuum, usually time, and thus, can be suitably modelled as functional data. Their proper modelling by means of functional data analysis approaches naturally addresses new challenges also arising in the statistical process monitoring (SPM). Motivated by an industrial application, the objective of the present paper is to provide the reader with a very transparent set of steps for the SPM of functional data in real-world case studies: i) identifying a finite dimensional model for the functional data, based on functional principal component analysis; ii) estimating the unknown parameters; iii) designing control charts on the estimated parameters, in a nonparametric framework. The proposed SPM procedure is applied to a real-case study from the maritime field in monitoring CO2 emissions from real navigation data of a roll-on/roll-off passenger cruise ship, i.e., a ship designed to carry both passengers and wheeled vehicles that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels. We show different scenarios highlighting clear and interpretable indications that can be extracted from the data set and support the detection of anomalous voyages.
Comparison of methods for estimating leaf area in pornunça (Manihot sp.)
Authors: Leite Mauricio L. de M. V. , Moura Geovane A. de , Moura Edvaldo A. de , Lucena Leandro R. R. de , Sales Aldo T. , Sampaio Everardo V. de S. B.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Leaf area measurements are used in agronomic studies to evaluate plant growth, light interception, photosynthetic rates, and plant transpiration. It constitute an important indicator of crop productivity, for which the evaluation method must be fast, accurate, and of low cost. The objective of this study was to compare different indirect methods to estimate leaf area in pornunça (Manihot sp.). The research was carried out under field conditions from August 2017 to January 2019 in the semiarid region of Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil. Three methods were tested: linear dimensions of leaf (length, width, and the number of lobes), digital image, and leaf scanned image, analyzing 150 healthy leaves from 120 plants of pornunça at different growth stages. The criteria used to determine the best model(s) were a high coefficient of determination, low Akaike information criterion, low sum of squares of residuals, and high Willmott index. Independent of the method of determination, the power models showed the best criteria of adequacy for estimating the leaf area of the pornunça. The digital image, using the power model (Y=LW0.77NL0.49, where L and W are the leaf length and width, and NL is the number of lobes in the leaf) was the best non-destructive method for estimating the leaf area in pornunça plants.
Characterization of soils cultivated with cassava under different managements
Authors: Costa Andrezza G. , Souza Luciano da S. , Xavier Francisco A. da S. , Cova Alide M. W. , Silva Evellyn F. da , Bonfim Marcela R.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Although cassava is an undemanding crop in terms of soil chemical fertility, the scarcity of nutrients affects crop productivity, and it is common to cultivate it in soils with low natural fertility, as occurs in Coastal Tablelands. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of soils cultivated with cassava under different managements. The study was carried out in the municipality of São Felipe, located in the landscape unit of Coastal Tablelands, Bahia state, Brazil. Fifteen properties were selected to evaluate the characteristics of soils cultivated with cassava under different types of management. Soil sampling was carried out during the months of October and November 2018, a dry period in the region. The medium-textured soil was predominant in the different areas of management of cassava cultivation. Most areas showed pH below the recommended range for cassava (5.5 to 6.5), base saturation below 50% and low phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents, according to the crop’s nutritional needs. The first two principal components explained 84.65% of the total variance. Thus, it was possible to verify that the diversity of management of cassava production areas results in high or very high variability of soil chemical attributes. The attributes pH, P, Al, H + Al, V, CEC and OM are the most representative in the distinction of soils of the cassava cultivation areas evaluated.
Genetic parameters and selection of biofortified lettuce genotypes based on selection indices
Authors: Sousa Luciana A. de , Maciel Gabriel M. , Juliatti Fernando C. , Beloti Igor F. , Cardoso Daniel B. O. , Siquieroli Ana C. S.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Obtaining biofortified vegetables with an emphasis on lettuce is a tool to improve the nutritional status of the population. Selection indices can maximize the simultaneous selection of good agronomic traits and high carotenoid levels. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and efficiency of different indices in selecting genotypes of biofortified lettuce with high concentrations of carotenoids and favorable agronomic traits. Statistical analyses were performed on 91 genotypes belonging to the vegetable germplasm bank of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. The variables analyzed were the chlorophyll index of the leaves, plant diameter, stem diameter, and number of leaves per plant. The values found for narrow sense heritability (h²) ranged from 89.63% (stem diameter) to 96.05% (chlorophyll), showing a high magnitude. The Smith-Hazel index, sum of ranks by the Mulamba & Mock index, direct and indirect selection, and Williams base index were used to predict the selection gains. A total of 17 individuals were selected using the selection methodologies. The Smith-Hazel, Williams, and Mulamba & Mock indices were efficient in showing good direct gains for the evaluated traits. Thirteen genotypes were selected for all indices presenting suitable agronomic traits, which show promise for advancing generations within the breeding program to obtain biofortified lettuce strains.
Gas exchange and leaf area of banana plants under salt stress inoculated with growth-promoting bacteria
Authors: Rodrigues Ana J. O. , Araújo Beatriz de A. , Bezerra Marlos A. , Silva Christiana de F. B. da , Sousa Alan B. O. de , Nogueira Cynthia M. R.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Banana orchards in arid and semiarid regions require the use of irrigation. However, the presence of high concentration of salts in water can impair the development of plants, requiring the evaluation of new technologies to mitigate the effects of stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchange and leaf area in banana seedlings of the cultivar Prata Catarina inoculated with strains of Bacillus spp. under different electrical conductivities of irrigation water. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Fortaleza, Ceará state, Brazil. The design used was in randomized blocks, in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with the first factor being the inoculation treatments: without any application; slow-release fertilizer; Strain 186 and Strain 109, and the second factor being the electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.5; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 dS m-1), in five blocks and each plot consisting of three plants. The electrical conductivity of irrigation water negatively influenced the gas exchange of banana cv. Prata Catarina in the vegetative stage, during the 89 days of cultivation. The Bacillus spp. strains 186 and 109 did not improve the gas exchange and leaf area of plants under salinity conditions.
Characterization of briquettes produced from eucalyptus wood waste generated in agro-industries
Authors: Sena Andressa S. , Nahime Bacus , Lima Elton C. , Lobo Fausto A. , Akasaki Jorge L. , Santos Igor S. dos
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Boilers are widely used by industries and thermoelectric plants to generate renewable energy. However, when biomass is consumed, residues are generated, which for the most part cannot be discarded appropriately. This study investigated the reuse of eucalyptus wood waste with the goal of transforming the residue into resistant and durable briquettes for reuse in furnaces and boilers. The physico-chemical properties of the residue were studied in terms of chemical composition by X-ray fluorescence, and its crystalline structure was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. Both thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the thermal decomposition of the wood waste residue. The residue was compacted in a universal press with sufficient humidity to fabricate briquettes under different conditions of mechanical pressure. Apparent density, durability, and burning tests were carried out on the briquettes. The maximum temperature reached during burning is dependent on the fabrication compaction pressure. The briquettes proved suitable for burning in boilers and furnaces, and their durability is advantageous for handling, reuse, and transportation.
Avaliação Psicológica em Concursos Públicos e Porte de Arma: Histórico e Desafios
Authors: Faiad Cristiane , Santos Andersson Pereira dos , Lobosque Elza Maria Gonçalves , Sant'Anna Filho Olavo , Prado Lyani Vieira do , Coelho Junior Francisco Antônio
Published: August 2021

Resumo Trata-se de um estudo teórico que aborda a avaliação psicológica no contexto de avaliações compulsórias, tanto em concurso público quanto para posse ou porte de arma de fogo. São apresentados os maiores desafios da área, a partir do histórico e da exposição de alguns dos problemas enfrentados na prática, diante das diferentes normativas que regulam este contexto. Na avaliação psicológica em concursos, ressalta-se como um dos maiores desafios a forte influência do poder judiciário nos últimos 60 anos, que inclui a definição ou restrição de procedimentos na atuação do profissional. Quanto à avaliação para porte de arma de fogo, discutem-se as diversas mudanças que ocorreram nos últimos anos e suas implicações. O texto incentiva os profissionais que atuam na área a refletir sobre as consequências sociais que o resultado dessa avaliação pode trazer. No Brasil, as pesquisas realizadas no contexto de avaliação psicológica compulsória ainda são escassas, o que mostra a necessidade de estudos que contribuam para melhoria nesse campo de atuação. É necessário compreender, inclusive, os impactos que a publicação de normativas e a qualidade da atuação dos profissionais podem provocar, bem como seus efeitos sobre a sociedade como um todo.
Saberes Matemáticos na Escola Normal Evangélica em São Leopoldo
Authors: Silva Circe Mary Silva da
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Os métodos de análise documental e história oral foram mobilizados para identificar o lugar dos saberes matemáticos na Escola Normal Evangélica no período de 1950 a 1962. As fontes utilizadas na pesquisa foram relatórios, fotografias, correspondências oficiais, artigos de jornais da época, circulares, boletins, cadernos escolares e entrevistas. Concluímos que os saberes matemáticos ensinados no curso normal, no período analisado, eram compatíveis com aquele de escolas normais regionais, envolvendo os conteúdos de aritmética, álgebra e geometria. Aconteceram transferências pedagógicas entre Brasil e Alemanha e, além disso, aconteceram apropriações de saberes para ensinar, resultado da aproximação com outras escolas normais do Estado.
O Protagonismo da Escola Técnica Nacional na Formação de Professores: o que dizem os monumentos e a Matemática
Authors: Moura Elmha Coelho Martins
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo tem por finalidade discutir a Escola Técnica Nacional (ETN) em seu protagonismo na formação de professores para o Ensino Técnico e algumas das ideias que circulavam na época, desde suas origens até o período que culminou com o funcionamento da ETN. Para essa discussão foram utilizadas as seguintes fontes de pesquisa: o monumento arquitetônico, a antiga sede do Ministério da Educação e Saúde (MES), documentos do arquivo da Escola, e do arquivo da Casa Museu de Villa-Lobos, os Boletins da CBAI, o livro didático Matemática e a obra traduzida pela CBAI Psicologia para professores do ensino industria’. Analisar esses Documentos/Monumentos permitiu verificar alguns elementos dessas ideias circulantes: a eugenia, o nacionalismo e a finalidade da Matemática.
“CON ARREGLO A LA COSTUMBRE”: LAS TRANSFORMACIONES DEL CABILDO ABIERTO EN AREQUIPA (1780-1824)
Authors: Valenzuela Fernando Calderón
Published: August 2021

Resumen El cabildo abierto fue uno de los mecanismos de gobierno local introducido en América por los españoles en el siglo XVI. En este artículo demuestro la vigencia que mantuvo este mecanismo en la ciudad de Arequipa, en el Virreinato de Perú, a fines del siglo XVIII; siendo utilizado por los corregidores para obtener el respaldo de las élites y luego por los intendentes para recaudar dinero. Además, señalo las transformaciones que experimentó durante la crisis de la Monarquía Hispánica, cuando el cabildo abierto fue convocado con fines político-militares. La desaparición de este tipo de asambleas públicas tras la restauración del sistema absolutista fue resultado de la desconfianza entre autoridades virreinales y arequipeñas, lo que se tradujo en la implementación de un gobierno local cada vez más excluyente.
PRÁCTICAS ASAMBLEÍSTAS EN LA PROVINCIA DE JUJUY (ARGENTINA) ENTRE 1835-1852: DIRIGENCIA, DEFINICIONES POLÍTICAS Y LEGITIMACIONES DE PODER
Authors: Medina Federico
Published: August 2021

Resumen El artículo indaga sobre las Asambleas Populares que reasumieron la soberanía en la provincia de Jujuy (Argentina) entre 1835 y 1852. Se interesa por comprender su rol en la definición de los proyectos políticos en juego, los momentos en los que se apeló a ellas, quiénes lo hicieron, así como las relaciones entre la práctica asambleísta y los poderes ejecutivo y legislativo. El argumento que sostenemos es que las Asambleas fueron parte del repertorio político disponible utilizado por la dirigencia de Jujuy e instancias claves para la configuración de acuerdos políticos. A través de ellas podemos ver, además, algunos casos de movilización de fuerzas y la emergencia o consolidación de liderazgos políticos. En esta línea interpretativa, mostramos la centralidad de las alianzas interprovinciales, sin las cuales ningún grupo que aspiraba al gobierno logró fundar un orden estable.
QUAND LES ACTEURS PRENNENT LA PLUME. PRONUNCIARSE DANS LE VENEZUELA INDÉPENDANT (1828-1858)
Authors: Hébrard Veronique
Published: August 2021

Resume This article aims to analyze the dynamics of socio-political mobilization as manifested in 19th century Venezuela through a practice little studied in this perspective: the pronouncement.Almost always considered in its armed dimension, it should be mentioned that it also means, through the break of the pact, an interpellation of government agents, at the local and/or national level, that is, the expression of a collective will in the face of a specific situation.On this occasion hundreds of texts are written, debated and signed by social actors, even those who do not enjoy the status of citizen, and in most cases published in the following months. However, although it has no legality, the study at the same time of the practices, but also of the vocabulary and sociability that they generate, allows to show at the same time their real role in the political debate, the level of politicization of an important spectrum of social actors, but also its legitimacy. Considering it then as an observatory of the phenomena of mobilization and politicization as elaborated during the first decades of national construction, we will study two important campaigns of pronouncements/votes that affect Venezuela, in 1827 to ask Bolivar to exercise extraordinary powers and in 1858 in the context of the Impeachment of President José Tadeo Monagas.
LAS RELACIONES EXTERIORES DE LAS PROVINCIAS ARGENTINAS COMO ELEMENTO DE DISPUTA: EL CASO DE LOS PRONUNCIAMIENTOS DE 1840
Authors: Kloster Mariano
Published: August 2021

Resumen El siglo XIX en Hispanoamérica se caracterizó por la implementación de prácticas políticas novedosas y de diversas características. Entre estas, se destaca el pronunciamiento, el cual ha sido analizado para algunos espacios. En este artículo estudiamos esta acción en el territorio rioplatense en un caso concreto. Allí emergieron más de una decena de Estados Provinciales soberanos, luego de finalizado el vínculo con la Monarquía Española en la década de 1810 y de intentos fallidos de centralización liderados por Buenos Aires. Estas Provincias se conformaron como una Confederación en 1831 manteniendo la mayoría de sus atribuciones soberanas, excepto la representación internacional que fue delegada a Buenos Aires de manera provisoria hasta el final de la Confederación, en 1852. En este trabajo analizamos entonces una serie de pronunciamientos diversos y concatenados de algunos de estos Estados Provinciales, en el año 1840. Los mismos buscaron la reformulación del pacto político al interior de la Confederación. Mantenemos dos niveles de observación. Por un lado, de las características concretas de estos episodios, a través de la identificación y caracterización de: los actores individuales y colectivos que participaron, las dinámicas que implementaron, la circulación de información y las acciones que sostuvieron. Sumado a esto, abordamos el manejo de la dimensión soberana de relaciones exteriores, paz y guerra de la Confederación de Provincias Argentinas en el contexto de los pronunciamientos. La vinculación entre ambos niveles es factible porque entendemos que la atribución se configuró como el principal elemento en disputa en los hechos políticos que estudiamos.
Phrases in Noise Test (PINT) Brasil: influência do intervalo interestímulos no desempenho de crianças com deficiência auditiva
Authors: Rosa Bruna Camilo , Souza Camila Oliveira e , Paccola Elaine Cristina Moreto , Bucuvic Érika Cristina , Jacob Regina Tangerino de Souza
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a influência do intervalo interestímulos no desempenho de crianças com deficiência auditiva de grau moderado e severo, adaptadas com aparelhos de amplificação sonora individuais (AASI), no teste PINT Brasil. Método Participaram do estudo 10 crianças com audição normal (GC) e 20 crianças com deficiência auditiva (GE). O teste PINT Brasil foi aplicado nas situações SEM pausa e COM pausa para os dois grupos. Resultados Na comparação entre as situações SEM pausa e COM pausa, houve diferença significativa apenas para o GE, indicando a SEM pausa com melhor desempenho. Nesta última condição, as oscilações ruidosas foram menores e não houve o acionamento repetido do redutor de ruído, o que possibilita a perda de informações da mensagem. Conclusão Conclui-se que o intervalo interestímulos no teste de percepção da fala PINT Brasil influenciou o desempenho das crianças com deficiência auditiva de grau moderado e severo, adaptadas com AASI. O melhor resultado foi encontrado na situação SEM PAUSA.
A pandemia de Covid-19 e seus entrelaçamentos com desigualdade de gênero, insegurança alimentar e apoio social na América Latina
Authors: Sousa Luna Rezende Machado de , Ditterich Rafael Gomes , Melgar-Quinõnez Hugo
Published: August 2021

Enquanto crises econômicas desencadeiam o aumento da insegurança alimentar (IA) e da desigualdade de gênero (DG), o apoio social tem mostrado aliviar esses impactos. No entanto, diferentemente de outros choques econômicos, a pandemia de Covid-19 incluiu no cenário de crise o isolamento social. Este estudo utilizou dados de pesquisa transversal coletados em 18 países da América Latina (AL) para avaliar as mudanças nas percepções de DG e sua associação com a IA e o apoio social durante período de crise econômica na região. Os resultados mostraram aumentos graduais nas percepções de DG na AL e que os entrevistados com IA e baixo apoio social eram os mais propensos a perceber a DG. Mulheres são mais vulneráveis à IA e à violência doméstica, e o isolamento social pode ser um agravante. Políticas públicas devem garantir que mulheres tenham maior controle sobre a renda e bens produtivos.
Os trabalhadores do contexto hospitalar em tempos de pandemia: singularidades, travessias e potencialidades
Authors: Lancman Selma , van Wijk Lívia Bustamante , Rocha Thainá de Oliveira , Souza Nicole Beltrame Medeiros de , Silva Talita Naiara Rossi da
Published: August 2021

Este relato de experiência teve como objetivo apresentar algumas singularidades, travessias e potencialidades advindas da construção e do desenvolvimento do Programa de Terapia Ocupacional, Saúde e Trabalho (ProTost) em um hospital universitário durante os meses iniciais da pandemia. Esse programa foi orientado pelos princípios da Ergonomia da Atividade e da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e pautou-se na necessidade de construção de ações participativas. Foram realizados grupos de reflexão sobre o trabalho envolvendo 15 setores do hospital e 140 trabalhadores. Os grupos proporcionaram aos trabalhadores espaços de escuta coletiva sobre o trabalho e ampliaram a visibilidade dos esforços empreendidos e os processos de reconhecimento horizontal e vertical. Além disso, contribuíram para o estudo de situações de trabalho, as discussões sobre transformações nos processos de trabalho e a construção de estratégias para enfrentamento dos desafios vivenciados no hospital que foram agravados pelo advento da pandemia.