bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barlaam Yasynskyi’s Sermon «On the Resurrection of Christ and the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary»
Authors: Dovga Larysa , Sukhovii Oksana
Published: December 2024

The sermons of Barlaam Yasynskyi, the Metropolitan of Kyiv, Galicia, and All Rus, a talented orator and thinker of the 17th century, are still unknown to a wide audience, as they exist in a single manuscript version. In this article, we propose to familiarize ourselves with the first metagraphed and described text of the sermon «On the Resurrection of Christ and the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary», which is interesting in terms of content, presentation, oratory skills, and philosophical views of the author. The sermon contains information that allows us to date the compilation of the collection, since until now the chronology has been determined only approximately. In the article accompanying the publication of the source, the authors suggest that the sermon itself should be dated March 25, 1695. The accompanying article also analyzes the linguistic features of the sermon, in particular, the tendency to record Ukrainian linguistic features in writing, despite the dominant Church Slavonic book tradition, which is clearly expressed in the sermon published here. The authors describe the peculiarities of the transmission of the sounds of live speech, certain grammatical phenomena, and stylistic devices.
Mitigation of Short-Term Climate Risks and Uncertainties through Insurance and Self-Protection: Theory and Application
Authors: Traore Abdelmoumine
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the interplay between short-term insurance and self-protection strategies in mitigating weather-related risks and uncertainties amidst rising global temperatures. We explore the decision-making process behind these strategies, focus- ing on whether the choice between insurance and self-protection depends on the type of stochastic loss encountered, distinguishing between risk and uncertainty.
Existing research highlights the context-specific nature of the relationship be- tween insurance and self-protection. While a significant portion of the literature has concentrated on understanding long-term dynamics, the sudden occurrence of weather-related events requires a closer examination of short-term decision-making processes. This paper contributes by providing a theoretical framework for analyzing how weather stochastics influence producers’ decisions regarding insurance and self- protection in the short term.
Simulation outcomes reveal distinct responses of farmers to risk and uncertainty. Under risk, farmers without irrigation systems tend to increase their reliance on crop insurance as precipitation risks heighten, while those with irrigation systems adopt a nuanced approach, adjusting their insurance purchases based on the severity of precip- itation risks. This suggests that irrigation serves as both a substitute and complement to crop insurance, depending on the level of risk. Conversely, under uncertainty, farm- ers exhibit a general trend of decreased crop insurance purchases regardless of their self-protection measures. Addressing uncertainty within agricultural loss mitigation frameworks is crucial for safeguarding against potential food insecurity and increasing investment to mitigate climate-related disasters.
Policy implications underscore the need to consider producers’ level self-protection and the type of stochastics faced in climate policy design. Additionally, reducing un- certainty in weather forecasts is imperative to mitigate farmers’ vulnerability and promote agricultural resilience.
VISUALIZATION OF IDEAS: TRENDS AND PATTERNS IN THE ANALYSIS OF A STUDY SCENARIO
Authors: Ramos ANDRIGUETO Muriel Ricardo , Carradore Sérgio Marina
Published: December 2024

In the digital age, data visualization plays a crucial role in transforming complex textual information into actionable insights. This article presents a study on the application of data visualization techniques in business idea management, using an online idea suggestion platform as a data source. We analyzed 904 business ideas in the technology category, collected from 2004 to 2023. The study involved the application of the TF-IDF vectorization technique, the K-Means clustering method and dimensionality reduction using PCA. The results revealed valuable insights and significant trends that can inform innovation and management strategies. The temporal analysis of business ideas showed a marked increase in the number of innovative ideas from 2018 onwards. The results also pointed to a growing focus on themes such as artificial intelligence, sustainability and autonomous solutions. The word clouds of each cluster revealed distinct thematic focuses, but with revealing overlaps. The recurrence of terms such as "battery", "electric" and "renewable" in several clusters underlines a move towards integrated solutions, where energy storage and renewable energies are seen as complementary components in broader energy strategies, considering the scenario studied. It is concluded that data visualization combined with machine learning techniques are powerful tools for managing and understanding innovative ideas, offering valuable insights for business and innovation strategies, and emphasizing the need for approaches that combine advanced technology with environmental and social responsibility.
IOT NETWORKS AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN INDUSTRY
Authors: Garcia de Amo Gustavo , Roepke Hermano
Published: December 2024

Technology has been seen as a competitive advantage in our industrial environments. From basic activities such as planting and farming to the transformation and development of finished products, it can be used domestically to add value, safety and profitability to industries. This scientific article addresses the relevance of industrial networks in the Industry 4.0 era, focusing on the implementation and organization of networks that integrate IoT devices - Internet of Things - to optimize processes and generate competitive advantages. The different types of industrial networks, communication protocols, connectivity technologies for IoT devices and equipment used will be explored. In addition, the challenges and opportunities in the implementation of IIoT networks will be analyzed, such as security, scalability and interoperability. Finally, case studies will be presented that demonstrate how the adoption of IIoT networks can generate tangible benefits for industries, such as increased efficiency, cost reduction and improved quality of products and services.
Direct co-culture with human neural stem cells suppresses hemolysate-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway
Authors: Kim Tae Jung , Sun Jing , Kang Lami , Kim Young-Ju , Ko Sang-Bae , Yoon Byung-Woo
Published: December 2024

Background: Inflammation following stroke is associated with poor outcomes, and the anti-inflammatory effects of neural stem cells (NSCs) have been reported. However, the direct immunomodulatory effects of NSCs in hemorrhagic stroke remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of direct co-culture with NSCs on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by hemolysate.Methods: RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with the hemolysate for 4 hours to induce hemorrhagic inflammation in vitro. Regarding direct co-culture, RAW 264.7 cells were cultured with HB1.F3 cells for 24 hours in normal medium and stimulated with hemolysate for 4 hours. Inflammatory cell signaling molecules, including cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were evaluated.Results: After stimulation with the hemolysate, levels of the inflammatory markers COX-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α were increased in RAW264.7 cells. Inflammatory marker production was reduced in the group subjected to direct co-culture with HB1.F3 in comparison to that in the RAW264.7 group stimulated by the hemolysate. In addition, direct co-culture with HB1.F3 significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 in hemolysate-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, treatment of the ERK inhibitor (U0126) suppressed the expression levels of inflammatory markers in hemolysate-stimulated RAW246.7 cells.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that direct co-culture with HB1.F3 suppresses inflammation by attenuating the ERK pathway. These findings suggest that direct NSC treatment modulates the inflammatory response in hemorrhagic stroke.
UTILIZATION AND EFFECT OF SPECIMEN SHAPE AND SIZE ON THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
Authors: Sharma Sahil , Singh Bikranjit , Singh Sukhmani
Published: December 2024

High strength concrete is currently a common construction material and its compressive strength is most basic and important material property in structural design. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the shape and of the size of the specimens on the compressive strength of high-strength concrete. We used cylinder sand cubes of different sizes for performingd stable stress-strain tests. This value was kept constant throughout the experimental program. Our results show that the post- peak behavior of the cubes is milder than that of the cylinders, which results in a strong energy consumption after the peak. This is constant with the observation of the crack pattern: the extent of micro-cracking throughout the specimen is denser in the cubes than in the cylinders. Indeed, a main inclined fracture surface is nucleated in cylinders, whereas in cubes we find that lateral sides get spalled and that there is a dense columnar cracking in the bulk of the specimen. Finally, we investigate the relationship between the compressive strength given by both types of specimen for several specimen sizes. The influence of specimen size and shape on the measured compressive strength was investigated for different high strength concrete mixes. Also the compressive strength can also be determined to be in significantly affected by changing l/d as the strength of concrete increases. After testing of specimens at 7and 28 days, the results show that the cube specimen is generally stronger than the cylinder specimen and this effect will be gradually decreased when the concrete strength increased. For the effect of the specimen size the results show that the compressive strength increases as the specimen size decreases. This size effect might be ignored as the relationships showed that the effect is relatively small as compared to specimen shape effect.
Pedagogias decoloniais: do giro decolonial latino-americano ao contexto científico brasileiro
Authors: Dias Alder de Sousa , Oliveira Damião Bezerra , Abreu Waldir Ferreira de
Published: December 2024

Este é um estudo sobre pedagogia decolonial em que exploramos as origens, desenvolvimento e estado atual dessas pedagogias. A base teórica de nossa pesquisa é o que Enrique Dussel chamou de decolonização epistemológica do mundo acadêmico e intelectual. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico das pedagogias decoloniais na América Latina, com referência na Rede Modernidad/Colonialidad, reconhecida como a principal fonte do que entendemos como a virada decolonial. Fornece uma visão geral atualizada do referencial teórico e conceitual das pedagogias decoloniais em dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado brasileiras em Educação. Nossos resultados destacam os trabalhos de Enrique Dussel, Catherine Walsh e Zulma Palermo como pioneiros nesta área, com a pedagogia da libertação de Dussel vista como precursora. No Brasil, essa discussão começou a ganhar força em pesquisas de pós-graduação com Oliveira (2010). Segundo Dias (2021), as principais contribuições teóricas para o desenvolvimento de novos conceitos em pedagogias decoloniais vêm dos trabalhos de Mancilla (2014), Mota Neto (2014), Rufino Jr. (2017) e Gil (2021). Em nosso estudo bibliográfico, incluímos uma tese adicional (Pereira, 2021), por suas contribuições para as pedagogias decoloniais, bem como seu precursor, a Pedagogia Griô.
Interculturalidade e educação na fronteira franco-brasileira: distâncias entre o normatizado e o praticado (1996-2020)
Authors: Torres Andreia Martel , Lobato Sidney
Published: December 2024

Este artigo objetiva analisar os documentos norteadores das ações governamentais para a educação nas escolas situadas na fronteira franco-brasileira. Compreende-se que a interculturalidade ganha maior relevo em espaços fronteiriços, figurando inclusive nos acordos de cooperação entre países limítrofes. O presente texto se interessa por tais acordos e pela implementação de ações daí derivadas no campo educacional no estado Amapá (Brasil). O artigo estrutura-se em três seções. A primeira aborda a trajetória e as variações do conceito interculturalidade. A segunda seção analisa os documentos norteadores das ações estatais no setor educacional que têm como foco a fronteira franco-brasileira. Já a terceira seção analisa os discursos dos agentes responsáveis pela implementação de tais ações. O estudo realizado levou à inferência da existência de um hiato entre as normativas e as práticas dos agentes estatais locais no concernente à educação intercultural na fronteira.
A política higienista para a infância na América Latina: os casos da Argentina e do Brasil nos séculos XIX e XX
Authors: Alves Laura Maria Silva Araújo , Lionetti Lucía , Pinheiro Welington da Costa
Published: December 2024

Este artigo problematiza quais as políticas higienistas foram pensadas e implementadas para a infância, nos finais do século XIX e início do XX, na América Latina (Argentina e Brasil)? A relevância do objeto de estudo se justifica por realizar uma investigação sobre um tema caro no campo da história da educação e da infância, na intenção de revelar como se configurou o pensamento higienista no cuidado e na educação das crianças nesses representativos países. O objetivo do artigo foi discutir a política higienista para a infância na América Latina, especialmente na Argentina, na cidade de Buenos Aires, e no Brasil, no período em tela, destacando as ações e medidas no cuidado e educação da criança nos finais do século XIX e início do XX. A metodologia adotada foi de cunho histórico e do tipo bibliográfico e documental. As principiais fontes documentais utilizadas foram legislações educacionais, relatórios e impressos educacionais, no recorte temporal de 1870 a 1925. A análise das fontes possibilitou identificar que o movimento higienista na Argentina e no Brasil teve papel importante no combate à mortalidade infantil e às doenças que acometiam considerável parcela da população. No âmbito da infância, nos dois países, os médicos difundiram seus preceitos junta às famílias com orientações para as mães, assim como no contexto escolar, por meio das inspeções médico-sanitárias, que tinham como propósito limpar e moralizar o corpo da criança na direção de formar uma infância forte e saudável para contribuir com o progresso e a civilidade almejada no ideário republicado.
O estado do conhecimento sobre a Educação Física no Novo Ensino Médio
Authors: Oliveira Junior Sérgio de , Conceição Victor Julierme Santos da
Published: December 2024

A reestruturação curricular do Ensino Médio, iniciada pela Medida Provisória 746/2016 e formalizada pela Lei nº 13.415/2017, direciona e impacta significativamente o campo da Educação Física. Para compreender este cenário, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a produção do conhecimento em periódicos científicos, dissertações e teses sobre as implicações do Novo Ensino Médio na Educação Física. A metodologia adotada foi o Estado de Conhecimento, que guiou a pesquisa com rigor científico, permitindo compreender a linha temporal das produções científicas existentes do objeto de estudo. Foram selecionadas 11 dissertações, uma tese e 33 artigos dos Periódicos CAPES, datados de 2017 a 2024. As considerações transitórias foram construídas por meio da bibliografia propositiva do Estado do Conhecimento, com base nas análises do material encontrado. As pesquisas mostram a secundarização e a desvalorização da Educação Física no Ensino Médio, vista a redução de carga horária da disciplina em todas as 27 Unidades Federativas do Brasil. A Lei nº 13.415/2017 simplifica o objeto de ensino da Educação Física ao estabelecer “estudos e práticas”, valorizando os conhecimentos técnicos e práticos. Segundo as pesquisas, os itinerários formativosabrem brecha para a terceirização da disciplina e para a entrada do “notório saber”. Assim, é necessário repensar a Educação Física no Ensino Médio, fortalecendo seu objeto de ensino e legitimando suas atribuições.
Mineração de texto sobre gamificação no ensino de história e inclusão: proposta de revisão sistemática
Authors: Menezes Vinicius Freitas de , Martins Claudete da Silva Lima , Ferreira Cristiano Corrêa
Published: December 2024

A gamificação tem demonstrado sua eficácia no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada em dois portais de pesquisa do Brasil, a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Dissertações e Teses (BDTD) e a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), ao longo do primeiro semestre do ano de 2023, com foco na gamificação no ensino de história e na perspectiva inclusiva da educação, conforme destacado por Koller (2014). Através dos descritores: gamificação, ensino de história, educação inclusiva e metodologias ativas, buscamos analisar como os trabalhos acadêmicos abordaram esses conceitos, identificando padrões e relacionamentos entre eles por meio da mineração de textos com a ferramenta Sobek. Embora tenhamos encontrado trabalhos sobre gamificação e história, não foram encontrados resultados que relacionassem todas as temáticas propostas: gamificação com o ensino de história e com a educação inclusiva, ressaltando a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre essa correlação temática.
Integrated approach to determining the effectiveness of the reservoir pressure maintenance system in carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Isaev Anatoliy A. , Levitina Ekaterina E.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The need to improve the oil recovery factor from carbonate reservoirs by increasing sweep/displacement coefficients, as well as by searching for ways to improve the efficiency of the reservoir pressure maintenance system. Aim. To increase the efficiency of developing carbonate reservoirs using a reservoir pressure maintenance system through an integrated approach to studying the impact of injected fluid on reservoir systems with natural and man-made fracturing. Objects. Bashkir (C2bsh) and Vereisky (C2vr) Middle Carboniferous objects of the Dachnoe structure of the Dachnoe deposit of the Republic of Tatarstan, tectonically confined to the Ulyanovsk structure of the South Tatar arch. Methods. Seismic, acoustic, radioactive, hydrodynamic methods, as well as methods of ground microseismic monitoring to identify the nature of the activation of natural and man-made fracturing during hydraulic fracturing and cyclic injection into injection wells. Results. The authors have carried out an analysis of the hydrodynamic system of carbonate reservoirs of the Vereiskian-Bashkirian deposits; identified filtration channels; assessed the direction of injected fluid movement; carried out the analysis of the impact of the formation pressure maintenance system on producing wells at various injection modes and compensation levels in carbonate reservoirs. When carrying out hydraulic fracturing in the reservoirs under consideration, it was established that the crack propagates to both objects, thereby forming a single hydrodynamic system. The conclusions obtained from the work indicate the effectiveness of the system for maintaining reservoir pressure in these carbonate reservoirs. Clarification of data on the filtration channels of both the working agent and the oil displaced by it, in combination with knowledge of the rates of movement of the injected liquid and its distribution profiles, makes it possible to effectively manage the oil field development.
Mathematical modeling of a perforated continuous steel-smelting unit
Authors: Strogonov Konstantin V. , Burmakina Anna V. , Lvov Dmitry D. , Bastynets Andrey K. , Murashov Vyacheslav A.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The volume of steel production in Russia and in the world has doubled over the past 20 years, the cost of steel in Russia in the period from October 2018 to March 2020 increased from 45 thousand rubles to 105 thousand rubles. This determines the urgency of developing energy-efficient steel production technologies that will reduce the cost of production. The most common technology for the producing steel of the full metallurgical cycle involves iron reduction in blast furnaces and characterized by significant emissions of pollutants into the environment. One of the most promising areas of environmentally friendly and energy-efficient steel production is non-straw production. At the moment, there are about a hundred different iron recovery processes, some of them have been brought to industrial use. Aim. To develop a fuel supply system in a perforated hearth, eliminating heat losses in the steelmaking unit by organizing a perforated hearth, which allows heat to be returned to the working space of the furnace by heating the reducing agent. Methods. Numerical modeling by Volume of Fluid (VOF) and Euler-Euler (EE) methods. Results. The authors have determined the rate of supply of reducing gas, which ensures its conversion to carbon and hydrogen at the entrance to the working area of the furnace. It was found that the surface temperature of the perforated hearth on the gas side is 380°C, on the melt side does not exceed 1313°C, which is significantly lower than the melting point of the refractory material.
Quantification of bubble methane reaching atmosphere in the Arctic
Authors: Chernykh Denis V. , Kosmach Denis A. , Shakhova Natalia E. , Salomatin Alexander S. , Salyuk Anatoly N. , Domaniuk Anna V. , Spivak Eduard A. , Gershelis Elena V. , Dudarev Oleg V. , Krasikov Vladislav A. , Ananiev Roman A. , Semiletov Igor P.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. Gas flares or seeps consisting of bubbles continuously rising from the seabed have been recorded throughout the World Ocean at depths ranging from several meters to three kilometers or more. Measurements of the gas composition of the rising bubbles shown that they are dominated by methane (CH4). The East Siberian Arctic Shelf contains more than 30% of the world CH4 and carbon dioxide reserves, preserved in bottom sediments by underwater permafrost. In the shallow seas of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, the main mechanism for transporting CH4 from bottom sediments into water is bubble transport. Therefore, it is extremely important to estimate the amount of CH4 transported by rising bubbles from bottom sediments into the water column and the atmosphere. Aim. Estimation of CH4 quantity transported by chains of rising bubbles from the seabed to the atmospheric surface layers. Methods. The manuscript presents a study of the mechanism of gas exchange between rising bubbles and a liquid column, carried out using a specially designed stand that allows simulating local upwelling. Results and conclusions. The paper shows that chains of bubbles coming from the seabed with intensities of ~40 ml∙min–1 and ~110 ml∙min–1, taking into account the hydrostatic pressure, deliver 206 mg∙min–1 and 616 mg∙min–1 of CH4 to the bottom layer of the water column, respectively. The results obtained during laboratory studies allowed us to specify the flux of CH4 from bottom sediments to the atmospheric surface layers. Taking into account the quantity of gas exchange and local upwelling, the amount of methane delivered to the atmospheric surface layers was 69 mg∙min–1 and 286 mg∙min–1. The paper presents an acoustic estimate of the amount of CH4 transported by the seep, which includes the considered chains of rising bubbles. According to calculations, the flux of CH4 into water from this area in 2012 was ~40 g∙min–1. At the same time, the amount of CH4 transported by this seep into the atmospheric surface layers, taking into account local upwelling and gas exchange occurring between the rising bubbles and the liquid column, is ~24.5 kg per day or ~9 tons per year.
Growth and Yield of Summer Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) as Affected by Foliar Application of Water-soluble Fertilizers
Authors: Parjane S.D. , Gedam V.B. , Shende S.M. , Shinde R.H.
Published: December 2024

Background: Generally, finger millet is grown in steepy and sloppy areas where nutrient losses are more due to application of them in soil. Hence to assess the response of finger millet to foliar spray to water soluble fertilizers the experiment has been undertaken. Methods: The agronomic field experiment was conducted at Shiroli Farm, Regional Sugarcane and Jaggery research Station, Kolhapur and Agronomy Section, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur during summer season of 2023 year to study the growth and yield of summer finger millet (Eleusine coracana) as affected by foliar application of water-soluble fertilizers in a randomized block design with ten treatments replicated thrice viz. absolute control (water spray) at 45 and 60 DAS (T1), RDF (60:30:30 NPK kg ha-1) (T2), 50% RDF fb 1% foliar spray of 19:19:19 at 45 and 60 DAS (T3), 50% RDF fb 2% foliar spray of 19:19:19 at 45 and 60 DAS (T4), 75% RDF fb 1% foliar spray of 19:19:19 at 45 and 60 DAS (T5), 75% RDF fb 2% foliar spray of 19:19:19 at 45 and 60 DAS (T6), 50% RDF fb 1% foliar spray of KNO3 at 45 and 60 DAS (T7), 50% RDF fb 2% foliar spray of KNO3 at 45 and 60 DAS (T8), 75% RDF fb 1% foliar spray of KNO3 at 45 and 60 DAS (T9) and 75% RDF fb 2% foliar spray of KNO3 at 45 and 60 DAS (T10). Result: The results revealed that among the various treatments, treatment RDF (60:30:30 NPK kg ha-1) recorded the highest values for growth, yield parameters and yield of summer finger millet while among the different foliar sprays the application of 75% RDF (45:23:23 NPK kg ha-1) fb 2% foliar spray of 19:19:19 at tillering (45 DAS) and flowering (60 DAS) stage recorded the highest values for growth, yield parameters and yield of summer finger millet. The lowest values were observed with the treatment absolute control (water spray) at tillering (45 DAS) and flowering (60 DAS) stage. The cost of cultivation was highest for the treatment 75% RDF (45:23:23 NPK kg ha-1) fb 2% foliar spray of KNO3 at tillering (45 DAS) and flowering (60 DAS) stage (T10) (Rs. 58645 ha-1) and the highest B:C ratio was noted in the treatment RDF (60:30:30 NPK kg ha-1) (T2) (Rs.130036 ha-1, Rs. 74760 ha-1 and 2.35).
Dietary Inclusion of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) Oil on Fatty Acid Profile of Egg Yolk in Layer Chicken
Authors: Hazarika H. , Bhuyan R. , Hazarika D. , Mahanta J.D. , Saikia B.N. , Saharia J. , Talukdar P.
Published: December 2024

Background: Linseed contains exceptionally high content of alpha –linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) considered as unique among oilseeds. Depending upon the hens feeding, the nutrient composition of eggs varies. Egg is considered as a good source of quality protein and holds several vitamins and minerals that are important parts of a healthy diet. Due to its high nutritive value with appropriate price, eggs are taking place in one of the most accepted food in the diet of human. Methods: A total of 156 numbers of 23 weeks age layer chickens (Inbrobrown) were randomly selected and divided into 4 treatment groups; having 3 replicates with 13 hens in each. The hens of control group (T1) were fed a diet containing no linseed oil. The hens of treatment groups T2, T3 and T4 were fed with a diet contained linseed oil at levels of 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5 % respectively. Hens were fed the experimental diet for 18 weeks of experimental period (23 to 40 weeks of age). For fatty acid analysis 15 fresh egg samples per treatment were randomly collected at 30th and 40th week of age. Result: Dietary supplementation of linseed oil increased (P less than 0.01) omega 3 fatty acid and decreased the total SFA, MUFA and n6: n3 fatty acid ratio in egg yolk. Further, the hen day egg production was not affected by supplementation of linseed oil up to 3.5% although it lowered (P less than 0.05) the feed consumption. Production cost was highest in T4 group and lowest in control group. Hence, it is concluded that from the point of omega 3 fatty acid content and economics of production supplementation of 2.5 % linseed oil in the diet of laying hens can be recommended as production of omega 3 fatty acid enriched egg.
Beer Photodegradation in Commercial Bottles: Simultaneous Evaluation by Consumer Sensory Panels and Optical Detection
Authors: Králik Roman , Gabriel Petr , Dušek Martin , Antoch Jaromír
Published: December 2024

The impact of light on beer degradation is a well-established phenomenon, leading to development of undesirable flavours or, in severe cases, complete spoilage. This study investigates the extent to which photodegradation is perceptible to beer consumers. Beer samples in commercial bottles were subjected to controlled light exposure to induce defined levels of degradation. The degree of light damage was monitored using both an optical method of tracking changes in absorbance and riboflavin content via HPLC and a sensory evaluation by a lay consumer sensory panel. The findings from the sensory panel were statistically compared with the optical measurement results, highlighting correlations between the sensory perception and quantifiable optical changes.
J.T. Toshchenko: About Education and Around
Authors: Zborovsky Garold
Published: December 2024

Based on materials from a semi-structured interview conducted by the author in March of 2024 with the man of the hour, as well as personal memories of more than half a century of scientific and casual communication with him, important issues of J.T. Toschenko’s activities in the field of sociological science, sociological education, the functioning of a sociological journal, relations with colleagues, as well as scientific tolerance are examined. The role of this scientist in the development of Russian sociology and in creating a positive creative atmosphere around it is shown.
Specificity of Subjective Well-Being of Russians from Different Types of Settlements
Authors: Sushko Pavel
Published: December 2024

This article analyses the specificity of subjective social well-being in the context of settlement inequalities. The empirical basis of the analysis is the data of all-Russian representative studies conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is shown that over the past two decades, significant shifts have occurred in the mass consciousness of Russians in terms of perception of various indicators of social well-being. This has led to the formation of a stable and generally harmonious picture of subjective social well-being among residents of all types of settlements. It was also recorded that the indicators related to basic needs (assessments of food, clothing, housing conditions, material security and health) and the social microworld (assessments of family relationships, opportunities for communicating with friends, professional fulfilment, obtaining the necessary education, organising recreation during vacations, leisure time, as well as the situation at work) were perceived more positively by the majority of respondents than the components of social well-being characterising the specifics of the local community (assessments of the place of residence, the position occupied in society, the level of personal safety and the environmental situation) and the conditional "macroworld" (assessments of the availability of the Internet and digital technologies, the level of social security in the event of job loss, as well as opportunities for expressing political views, receiving the necessary medical care and influencing one's own life). The article shows that the subjective social well-being of villagers in comparison with city dwellers still differs for the worse, with the exception of the perception of the block of characteristics of social well-being associated with the specifics of the local community, i.e. place of residence. In this regard, according to the results of the 2023 study, rural residents outperformed city dwellers for the first time. In general, a noticeable trend was revealed towards smoothing out settlement differences in the perception of various aspects of social well-being, primarily due to higher rates of improvement in subjective assessments among rural residents. It was also noted that the problematic background in the perception of social well-being is formed due to the relative dissatisfaction of Russians with certain aspects of life. They are primarily associated with the skeptical assessment by residents of all populated areas of the level of social security of an individual in the event of job loss, dissatisfaction among the population of the centres of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the environmental situation there, as well as persistent problems with access to the necessary medical care in rural areas.
Improvement of the system of investigation of emergency situations in railway transport
Authors: Martynenko Lyubov' , Kononov Dmitriy
Published: December 2024

Purpose: to improve the safety of railway rolling stock in curves and on mountain-pass sections of the track. Methods: the methods of investigating emergency situations during the transportation of railway goods, as well as the main characteristics affecting the rolling stock, are given. An essential role in ensuring traffic safety is played by identifying the causes of emergency situations, which are based n data obtained during site surveys using special laboratories. After receiving the data, an appropriate analysis of the locomotive-wagon-track system is carried out in each class of this system and the ratio of deviations in these classes to the fact of a derailment or other emergency situations is calculated. Results: when examining the scene of the accident, the commission for the investigation of emergency situations must establish the fact of the descent. Establishing the fact of a derailment during an investigation by an expert commission may include several tasks: investigation of damage to the car and track, the extent of these damages, analysis of violations of operating rules, study of standard fractures, etc. To determine this derailment, it is necessary to collect a large statistical database and divide it into the main deviations in different classes of the entire locomotive-wagon system the way”. Practical importance: the computational and empirical assessment and classification of the danger of various deviations in the characteristics of the system state, as well as the development of mathematical models of these processes and situations, are essential for ensuring traffic safety. This makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the degree of involvement of the car in the occurrence of an emergency situation in curves and in mountain-pass sections.
Taking into account the influence of concrete hardening conditions as a factor in ensuring the required reliability
Authors: Cherepanova Dariya
Published: December 2024

to consider factors not taken into account by the concrete quality control system that influence the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete, directly related to the level of reliability of building structures, primarily the influence of concrete hardening conditions. Determine the possibility of ensuring the level of reliability assumed during the design, provided that all current requirements are met; calculate the degree of correlation between the strength of concrete and the level of reliability and probability of failure; justify the need to update a number of approaches and principles laid down in the current regulatory documentation for concrete quality control, and also propose measures to ensure that the actual level of reliability corresponds to the design level. Methods: analysis of the structure and requirements of current regulatory documentation in the field of quality control of concrete in general and compressive strength in particular; production, testing of standard concrete cube samples for compression and processing of results in accordance with GOST 10180, GOST 18105. Results: the need to change the concrete quality control system towards taking into account factors influencing the actual strength of concrete in a structure due to its high correlation with the level of reliability and probability of failure is indicated. Correction factors have been calculated for concrete with and without additives, taking into account hardening conditions, namely: hardening at temperatures above 30℃, at negative temperatures using anti-freeze additives or with heat/ electric heating. The need has been identified to create a system of influence correction factors: hardening conditions coefficient, sampling coefficient, stability coefficient, method accuracy coefficient. Practical importance: the use of the proposed correction factor for the influence of environmental conditions will ensure the actual strength of concrete in the structure required to ensure the design value of the level of reliability of construction projects
The relationship of factors determining the durability of concrete
Authors: Kazanskaya Liliya , Mayer Viktor , Sibgatullin Emer
Published: December 2024

Purpose: to show the influence of various factors such as water-cement ratio, carbonation, chloride penetration and frost resistance on the durability of concrete and its ability to protect reinforcement from Methods: applied methods of analysis and modeling. Based on a comparative study of existing data, norms and scientific publications, the interrelationships between the water-cement ratio, the depth of chloride penetration, carbonation and frost resistance of concrete, as well as their effect on the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steel, are considered. Results: it has been established that the water-cement ratio is one of the most important parameters determining the durability of concrete. An increase in the watercement ratio leads to an increase in the depth of chloride penetration and acceleration of carbonation processes, which ultimately reduces the corrosion resistance of reinforcement and the durability of concrete structures. Practical significance: in production conditions, ensuring the durability of concrete structures requires an integrated approach that takes into account not only strength characteristics, but also a wide range of other indicators that directly affect the performance properties of concrete. For specific operating conditions, properties such as frost resistance, density, resistance to aggressive media and biological influences, crack resistance and the ability to resist carbonation may be the most important.
Analyzing Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) Distribution in IKN Development Area Using Kanai Method
Authors: Rahmania Rahmania , Alfania Alfania , Sastrawan Febrian Dedi , Arisalwadi Meidi
Published: December 2024

This study examines the distribution of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values in the development area of the new capital city (IKN) in Sepaku District, Penajam Paser Utara Regency, East Kalimantan. Although seismic activity in Kalimantan is lower compared to other regions in Indonesia, earthquake risks still need to be anticipated, especially with the relocation of IKN to this area. Earthquake disaster mitigation efforts are conducted through PGA mapping using the empirical Kanai approach, which provides information on potential damage risks due to earthquakes. The study utilizes seismic data obtained from microtremor measurements at 44 points, as well as earthquake data from Paser Regency in 2022 and the 2018 Palu earthquake. The data were analyzed using the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method to calculate the natural frequency and dominant soil period, which are key input parameters in determining PGA values. The results show PGA values ranging from 0.69 to 34.29 gal, divided into two main zones: low (PGA < 2.9 gal) and moderate (PGA 2.9–34.29 gal). This information serves as a critical foundation for earthquake risk mitigation and safe development planning in the IKN area, particularly in the Sepaku District, East Kalimantan.
Host-microbiota interactions in the infant gut revealed by daily faecal sample time series
Authors: van Beek Nienke , Katavisto Iiris , Lehto Markku , Kolho Kaija-Leena , de Vos Willem M. , Salonen Anne , Korpela Katri
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aims to explore the interplay between host immune factors and gut microbiota in human infants in vivo using time-series daily stool samples and identify biomarkers of host-microbe interactions.

Methods: 216 faecal samples collected from infants aged 5-6 or 11-12 months were analysed for gut microbiota composition, total bacterial load, and biomarkers of immune function.

Results: We identified indications of microbial stimulation of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), IgA, calprotectin (Cal), intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), and Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) at 6 and 12 months, as well as stimulation of lipocalin 2 (LCN2), lactoferrin (LTF), and alpha-defensin-5 only at 6 months. The associations between biomarker concentrations and bacterial population growth were primarily positive at 6 months and mostly negative at 12 months, suggesting increasing host regulation of the microbiota with age. The exceptions were IAP, which was predictive of declining bacterial populations at both time points, and Cal, whose associations changed from negative at 6 months to positive at 12 months.

Conclusion: There is an age-associated development in the correlation pattern between bacterial population growth and the biomarker concentrations, suggesting that host-microbe interactions change during early development. Albumin appeared as a potential marker of gut permeability, while LCN2 seemed to correlate with gut transit time. Mucin degradation appeared to decrease with age. Mucin2 and IAP emerged as potentially important regulators of the bacterial populations in the infant gut. The study demonstrates the utility of biomarker and bacteria profiling from daily stool samples for analysing in vivo associations between the immune system and the gut microbiota and provides evidence of host regulation of the microbiota in infants.
USING NEURAL NETWORKS FOR LANDMINE DETECTION
Authors: Mykytenko Volodymyr , Shynkorov Danylo
Published: December 2024

The issue of large mined areas and their expansion is critical due to their impact on safety and the economy. This article focuses on enhancing the efficiency of optical methods for detecting surface-laid landmines in humanitarian demining tasks.
It demonstrates that one of the most promising optical methods for mine detection is hyperspectral imaging, which provides exceptionally precise analysis of the spectral composition of the radiation in the background-target environment. However, practical application of hyperspectral methods is significantly complicated by the vast size of mined territories.
Therefore, mine detection must be automated. To address this challenge, the potential of artificial neural networks was investigated. The study proposes the integration of artificial intelligence, specifically RBF (Radial Basis Function) networks, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of object detection. The work compares traditional classification methods with innovative machine learning approaches. Algorithms were tested on both simulated and real data, enabling an evaluation of their ability to identify objects under varying spectral content conditions.
The specific characteristics of the study area define the requirements for assessing the performance of technical tools: foremost, the probability of missing a signal must be minimized. At the same time, given the large-scale computations involved, the probability of false alarms should remain low. The study shows that RBF neural networks can detect mines with a low rate of false alarms. During network training with a large spread parameter, the sensitivity of the output to the spectral variability of pixels decreases. This allows the network to detect a target even at low fill coefficients. Thus, the research results indicate that the proposed methods significantly reduce false alarms and ensure high performance under real-world conditions.
RESEARCH ON THE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF MATERIALS FOR ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHETICS
Authors: Yanenko Oleksii , Shevchenko Kostiantyn , Zinchenko O.V. , Golovchanska Oleksandra , Symonenko Vasyl
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Acrylic plastics are widely used in orthopedic dentistry and orthodontics. They are the main material for the manufacture of various types of dental prostheses. To create an orthopedic product, a mixture of powder (polymer) and liquid (monomer) is obtained, from which a product of the required shape and size is formed and solidified. The resulting designs must meet the requirements for compatibility with living tissues, including the little-studied compatibility of the electromagnetic component.
Main part. Dielectric materials when heated form their own electromagnetic radiation in the millimeter range, which is a general property of heated dielectrics. By this, electromagnetic flows (EMF) of different directions arise. These flows can have a positive or negative direction and in a certain way affect the adjacent biotissues and the human body as a whole. Therefore, the authors conducted studies of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of 6 types of acrylic plastics, determined their levels and compared them with the level of EMR of biotissues of the human body. Based on the obtained results, conclusions were drawn regarding their electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). “Colorless basic plastic” and “Vertex Implacryl” have the highest level of EMC (up to 58%), “Ftorax” and “Sinma-M” plastics have a slightly lower level (48-53%) and the lowest EMC (35-36%) is recorded in “Vertex Basio” and “Ethakryl – 02”.
Conclusions. Compared to the level of human electromagnetic radiation, acrylic plastics and, accordingly, dental prostheses from them form negative currents in relation to adjacent biotissues. The conducted studies allow to recommend the choice of more acceptable materials for the manufacture of dental permanent and removable prostheses, as well as to determine the correlation between the emission of electromagnetic characteristics and the appearance of complications in patients during the operation of these structures.