bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel method for condition monitoring of wind turbine gearbox in wind farm
Authors: Xin Hongwei , Wen Xiaoqiang , Xu Ziang , Wang Jianguo
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the gearbox of wind turbine in a wind farm is taken as research object, and its operation condition monitoring model is established by using multivariable long-short term memory networks (LSTM). Firstly, parameters with high correlation are obtained by using maximum information coefficient (MIC) as the input vectors of monitoring model. Then, the oil temperature prediction model of gearbox is constructed based on LSTM network. The residual between actual value and predicted value of gearbox oil temperature is obtained. After that, a gearbox condition monitoring model is established by using residual sequence, exponential weighted moving average (EWMA), and kernel density estimation algorithm. The case analysis shows that the proposed method can carry out fault early warning about 15.7 hours in advance. Compared with univariate LSTM condition monitoring model and SVR condition monitoring model, it can find faults more timely and can be applied to fault early warning of wind turbines in wind farm.
Investigating the Influence of Joint Reinforcements of Portland Cement Concrete Slabs Under Asphalt Concrete Overlays on Vertical Deflections Using Accelerated Pavement Testing
Authors: Tevfik Seferoğlu Mehmet , Güneş Seferoğlu Ayşegül , Çelik Muhammet , Vefa Akpinar Muhammet
Published: June 2022

Joint gaps between slabs in underlying Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements are critical factors in the life span of asphalt concrete (AC) overlays. Therefore, being informed about the vertical deflections that may occur around the joints is important. In this study the joints were reinforced with three different materials: ethylene propylene diene monomer (i.e., rubber joint filler [RJF] reinforcement), bitumen-based sealant (i.e., rubber plate [RP] reinforcement), and steel plate (SP) (i.e., SP reinforcement), to limit the vertical movement of the underlying PCC. Tests were conducted at the accelerated pavement testing facility for two different AC overlay thicknesses, 50 mm and 100 mm, during 100,000 passages to investigate the influence of AC overlay thickness variations on slab vertical deflections and to also evaluate types of joint reinforcement on slab vertical deflections. For 50-mm thick AC overlay, the most effective joint reinforcements to prevent deformations caused by loading were RP, RJF, and SP; for a 100-mm thickness, this was determined to be RJF, SP, and RP, respectively.
Effects of Aggregate/Filler Characteristics on Semi-Circular Bend Fracture Parameters of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Subject to Moisture Damage
Authors: Frossard Rodolpho Medeiros , Teixeira Jamilla Emi Sudo Lutif , Kim Yong-Rak
Published: June 2022

The binder–aggregate adhesiveness plays an important role in preventing asphalt concrete adhesive fracture and it is greatly influenced by the chemical, physical, morphological, and mineralogical properties of aggregates. Many studies have attempted to assess fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures by evaluating parameters found from different laboratory fracture tests. Those parameters are related to the mixture components, and they can change when moisture conditions are induced. This study aims to investigate the effects of aggregate/filler characteristics on mixture fracture resistance including the effect of moisture damage. Two aggregates and four fillers with varied chemical compositions were selected and combined with one unmodified asphalt binder to design five different asphalt mixtures. Each aggregate and filler was tested to characterize physical, chemical, and morphological properties. Asphalt concrete mixtures samples, with and without being subjected to moisture conditioning, were submitted to the semi-circular bend (SCB) fracture test. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the level of significance on the parameter change resulting from the properties of particles and moisture conditioning. The results indicated that the type of aggregates did not present significant influence on the SCB fracture results when moisture conditioning was not involved. Also, the type of filler presented different trends on the parameter’s change when the samples were subjected to moisture. However, it was observed that the effects of aggregates and fillers on the fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures were pronounced when the SCB samples were subjected to moisture conditioning, because of the material-specific binder–aggregate adhesion in the presence of moisture.
Implementation of Finite Element and Fracture Mechanics Based Reflection Cracking Models for Asphalt Concrete Overlay of Existing Asphalt Concrete Pavement in AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design
Authors: Titus-Glover Leslie , Bhattacharya Biplab B. , Raghunathan Deepak
Published: June 2022

The reflection of existing cracks from the underlying pavement is one of the primary modes of failure for rehabilitated asphalt concrete (AC) pavements with AC overlays. The AC overlay design philosophy is to delay the onset of reflection cracking or to eliminate it entirely. In recent years, rehabilitation designs are being optimized not just for cost effectiveness, but also to produce more reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly designs that require more detailed and sophisticated methodologies. The new finite element and fracture mechanics based reflection cracking models were developed under National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 1-41 to improve design methodology. The new models were generally compatible with the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (AASHTOWare) framework. The difference included the computation of critical pavement responses (i.e., stress intensity factors) and others, and thus modified. The modified models were calibrated and validated using Long-Term Pavement Performance projects. The calibration of reflection cracking models produced satisfactory goodness of fit with no significant bias. Thus, the modified reflection cracking models were successfully adapted and deployed in the AASHTOWare software to create a new improved AC overlay of existing AC pavement design methodology. This new methodology represents a paradigm shift from the traditional pavement design procedures. It significantly increases the capability of the pavement design software to simulate all the loadings experienced by AC overlay, estimate pavement responses, and predict reflection cracking based on pavement responses. This paper discusses the implementation of NCHRP 1-41 reflection cracking models for AC overlay of existing AC pavements into AASHTOWare software.
Development of a Screening Tool for Rapid Fly Ash Evaluation for Mitigating Alkali Silica Reaction in Concrete
Authors: Saraswatula Pravin , Mukhopadhyay Anol , Liu Kai-Wei
Published: June 2022

Performance-based approaches to evaluate fly ash effectiveness in suppressing alkali silica reaction (ASR) require testing for a range of replacement levels to determine optimum fly ash dosage. Current approaches of ASR evaluation, that is, determining optimum fly ash dosage for ASR mitigation, are impractical as a mix design tool for new concrete construction. Therefore, in the present work a screening tool is developed to predict optimum fly ash dosage to suppress ASR in concrete mixes. The screening tool uses water-soluble (readily available) alkali from fly ash and cement to determine pore solution alkalinity (PSA) of concrete mixes for different fly ash replacement levels. The optimum fly ash dosage in concrete to mitigate ASR is estimated based on the PSA and aggregate threshold alkalinity (THA) relationship, that is, PSA should be ≤THA to make the mix ASR mitigated. Results from the screening tool demonstrate an 82% reliability in predicting fly ash dosage necessary to keep expansions below 0.04% based on AASHTO TP 142 tests for ASR expansion. In addition, a multiple non-linear regression model was developed to predict water-soluble alkali from fly ashes in place of testing using 50 experimental data points from laboratory measurements and literature studies. Overall, the screening tool presents a rapid and reliable approach to determine the optimum fly ash content required for ASR mitigation based on pore solution composition of mixes and aggregate reactivity.
Systemic Safety Analysis of Midblock Pedestrian Crashes in Massachusetts
Authors: Gooch Jeff , Hamilton Ian , Polin Bonnie , Tanzen Riana , Cohen Tal
Published: June 2022

Pedestrians are vulnerable road users on Massachusetts roadways, particularly at midblock crossings. To develop safety improvement projects to address pedestrian safety issues, Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) conducted a systemic safety analysis of severe midblock pedestrian crashes. The analysis incorporated crash, roadway, transit, census, and equity data to identify roadway segments that showed the higher probability for a severe pedestrian crash. Based on overrepresentation, principal arterials, minor arterials, and major collectors were identified as focus facility types. Binomial logit regression was used to identify risk factors for each focus facility type. Risk factors included number of lanes, traffic volume, population density, commute behaviors, employment density, and measures of equity. The authors found consistent risk factors across the three focus facility types. Ultimately, MassDOT will use these results to prioritize sites for midblock pedestrian safety systemic improvements.
“Will My Young Adult Years be Spent Socially Distancing?”: A Qualitative Exploration of Adolescents’ Experiences During the COVID-19 UK Lockdown
Authors: Demkowicz Ola , Ashworth Emma , O’Neill Alisha , Hanley Terry , Pert Kirsty
Published: June 2022

For older adolescents, the COVID-19 pandemic and UK restrictions arrived during a critical period in the transition to adulthood. Early research exploring impact of the pandemic paints a picture of worsened adolescent wellbeing and mental health. We explore the subjective experiences of 16- to 19-year-olds during the first UK lockdown, with an emphasis on wellbeing and coping, to complement quantitative evidence and inform strategies and provision for support. In May 2020, we invited UK-based 16- to 19-year-olds to share written accounts of their experiences of the initial UK lockdown for The TELL Study. A total of 109 participants engaged, submitting anonymous written accounts via an online survey portal. We used inductive reflexive thematic analysis to develop rich experiential themes. We constructed seven main themes: heightened emotionality; feelings of loss, change, and uncertainty; recognizing the value of self-care; efforts to think positively; opportunities for relief, growth, and development; the importance of togetherness; and frustration with government and media. Findings highlight the multifaceted nature of adolescents’ lockdown experiences, and offer insight into emotional impact and new concerns alongside the value placed on self-care and staying connected. We offer directions for supporting adolescents as pandemic consequences continue.
Hourly Analysis of Mechanical Ventilation Parameters in Critically Ill Adult Covid-19 Patients: Association with Mortality
Authors: Fariña-González Tomás F. , Núñez-Reiz Antonio , Yordanov-Zlatkov Viktor , Latorre Julieta , Calle-Romero Maria , Alonso-Martinez Patricia , Domingo-Marín Sara , Sánchez-García Miguel
Published: June 2022

Objective: There exists controversy about the pathophysiology and lung mechanics of COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), because some report severe hypoxemia with preserved respiratory system mechanics, contrasting with “classic” ARDS. We performed a detailed hourly analysis of the characteristics and time course of lung mechanics and biochemical analysis of patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for COVID-19-associated ARDS, comparing survivors and non-survivors. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the data stored in the ICU information system of patients admitted in our hospital ICU that required IMV due to confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia between March 5th and April 30th, 2020. We compare respiratory system mechanics and gas exchange during the first ten days of IMV, discriminating volume and pressure controlled modes, between ICU survivors and non-survivors. Results: 140 patients were included, analyzing 11 138 respiratory mechanics recordings. Global mortality was 38.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR 1.092, 95% (CI 1.014-1.176)) and need of renal replacement therapies (OR 10.15, (95% CI 1.58-65.11)) were associated with higher mortality. Previous use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) also seemed to show an increased mortality (OR 4.612, (95% CI 1.19-17.84)) although this significance was lost when stratifying by age. Respiratory variables start to diverge significantly between survivors and non-survivors after the 96 to 120 hours (hs) from mechanical ventilation initiation, particularly respiratory system compliance. In non survivors, mechanical power at 24 and 96 hs was higher regardless ventilatory mode. Conclusions: In patients admitted for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and requiring mechanical ventilation, non survivors have different respiratory system mechanics than survivors in the first 10 days of ICU admission. We propose a checkpoint at 96–120 hs to assess patients improvement or worsening in order to consider escalating to extracorporeal therapies.
Subclinical systolic dysfunction by speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Azpiri-Lopez Jose R , Galarza-Delgado Dionicio A , Garza-Cisneros Andrea N , Guajardo-Jauregui Natalia , Balderas-Palacios Mario A , Garcia-Heredia Alexis , Cardenas-de la Garza Jesus A , Rodriguez-Romero Alejandra B , Reyna-de la Garza Roberto A , Azpiri-Diaz Hernan , Alonso-Cepeda Othon , Colunga-Pedraza Iris J
Published: June 2022

Background

We aimed to compare the prevalence of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in Hispanic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients versus healthy controls.

Material and methods

This cross-sectional study included 46 SLE patients who fulfilled the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism and American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) classification criteria for SLE and with age ≥ 18 years. For comparison, we included a control group with 46 non-SLE subjects matched by age (±5 years) and gender. A transthoracic echocardiogram was performed on every participant. The echocardiographic measurements evaluated were left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), relative wall thickness (RWT), and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Left ventricular-Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) was evaluated, and a value higher than −18% was classified as subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Comparisons between groups were made using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for qualitative variables, and Student’s t-test or the Mann–Whitney’s U test for quantitative variables. A p-value <.05 was considered significant.

Results

We found a significant difference in the presence of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction between SLE-patients and controls (37.0% vs 8.7%, p = .001). We also found that SLE patients had a lower left ventricular GLS (−18.90% vs −20.51%, p = .011), TAPSE (21.63 mm vs 23.60 mm, p = .009), and LVEF (57.17% vs 62.47%, p = <.001) than controls. Systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis was independently associated with the presence of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction with an OR of 6.068 (CI 95% 1.675−21.987) ( p = .006). Subclinical systolic dysfunction was more common in men (29.4% vs 3.4%, p = .020), patients with obesity (17.6% vs 0%, p = .045), or hypertension (47.1% vs 6.9%, p = .001).

Conclusion

Systemic lupus erythematosus Hispanic patients had a higher prevalence of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and worse left ventricular GLS, LVEF, and TAPSE values than matched healthy controls. Additionally, we found that male gender, obesity, and hypertension are associated with the presence of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in SLE patients. The inclusion of speckle tracking echocardiography as part of the cardiovascular evaluation of SLE patients may help identify high cardiovascular risk patients.
Conversion of non-inferiority margin from hazard ratio to restricted mean survival time difference using data from multiple historical trials
Authors: Chen Ruizhe , Basu Sanjib , Meyers Jeffrey P , Shi Qian
Published: June 2022

The restricted mean survival time measure has gained a lot of interests for designing and analyzing oncology trials with time-to-event endpoints due to its intuitive clinical interpretation and potentially high statistical power. In the non-inferiority trial literature, restricted mean survival time has been used as an alternative measure for reanalyzing a completed trial, which was originally designed and analyzed based on traditional proportional hazard model. However, the reanalysis procedure requires a conversion from the non-inferiority margin measured in hazard ratio to a non-inferiority margin measured by restricted mean survival time difference. An existing conversion method assumes a Weibull distribution for the population survival time of the historical active control group under the proportional hazard assumption using data from a single trial. In this article, we develop a methodology for non-inferiority margin conversion when data from multiple historical active control studies are available, and introduce a Kaplan-Meier estimator-based method for the non-inferiority margin conversion to relax the parametric assumption. We report extensive simulation studies to examine the performances of proposed methods under the Weibull data generative models and a piecewise-exponential data generative model that mimic the tumor recurrence and survival characteristics of advanced colon cancer. This work is motivated to achieve non-inferiority margin conversion, using historical patient-level data from a large colon cancer clinical database, to reanalyze an internationally collaborated non-inferiority study that evaluates 6-month versus 3-month duration of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III colon cancer patients.
Analysis of the Dome-Chamber’s Openness in Persian Historical Mosques
Authors: Hosseini Akram , Ghazizadeh Shiva
Published: June 2022

The dome, one of the most stable forms of roof coatings, has passed many of its evolution stages in the dome-chambers of Iranian mosques. From the Seljuk era, when the first dome-chambers were seen, to today, the extent of the openness of the dome-chamber space to the adjacent space—shabestans and the porches—has changed a lot. This research seeks to answer the questions of why and how openness has happened and what factors have influenced their intensity. Since there may be different answers to these questions at different periods, the physical properties of the domes were studied in terms of measurable variables, both in the general context and in each period. For this purpose, 51 dome-chamber mosques were selected from Seljuk to Qajar periods, with variation in physical characteristics. The research method is a combination of content analysis method, comparative study and logical reasoning based on the descriptive and correlational statistics. As a result, it has been shown that structural constraints related to the extent and magnitude of the dome-chamber, are considered the main reasons for deciding how much and how to open the dome-chamber’s walls in different periods and that as the ratio of the span to the wall thickness increases, the openness of the walls decreases to the same extent. Also, the architecture of seljuk and safavid mosques are more similar than the other periods, possibly due to the common religious characteristics that affected them both.
Industrial relations and unemployment benefit schemes in the Visegrad countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lukáčová Katarína , Kováčová Lucia , Kahanec Martin
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing economic and technological adjustment increased the risk of unemployment, underemployment and skills mismatch across Europe. These increased risks highlighted the importance of national unemployment benefit schemes for income security. This article examines the role of industrial relations in shaping unemployment benefit regimes in the Visegrad countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. We adopted an actor-oriented approach based on desk research and 12 semi-structured interviews with the representatives of trade unions and employers in all the Visegrad countries. Our research showed that the capacities of the trade unions and employers' associations to shape the unemployment benefit regimes were rather limited. State control over social policy remained very strong and shaped the dynamics of industrial relations, without inclusive involvement of social partners. National governments sought to implement measures to protect employment (mainly wage subsidies), rather than to reform existing unemployment support regimes.
Understanding Causation in Healthcare: An Introduction to Critical Realism
Authors: Koopmans Erica , Schiller Dr. Catharine
Published: June 2022

Both healthcare providers and researchers in the health sciences are well rehearsed in asking the question ‘What could be causing this’? and examining beyond the surface of observable symptoms or obvious factors to understand what is really occurring with patients and health services. Critical realism is a philosophical framework that can help in this inquiry as we attempt to make sense of the observable world. The aim of this article is to introduce critical realism and explore how it can help both healthcare providers and health science researchers to better understand causation through the mechanisms that generate events, despite those mechanisms often being unseen. The article reviews foundational concepts and examples framed in the healthcare setting to make the key principles, strengths and limitations of critical realism accessible for those who are just beginning their journey with this approach.
Supramalleolar Lateral Opening-Wedge Osteotomy in Conjunction With Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity Reconstruction for PCFD With Ankle Instability
Authors: Haraguchi Naoki , Asano Kota , Arimoto Tatsuya , Niki Hisateru , Ota Koki , Ozeki Takuma , Gibu Masaki , Kanetake Yoshihiko , Tsutaya Atsushi
Published: June 2022

Background:

Reconstruction of progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) with ankle instability (PCFD class E) remains a substantial challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. We report the outcomes of PCFD class E treated by means of a relatively standard PCFD foot reconstruction approach with the addition of a supramalleolar lateral opening-wedge osteotomy.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study of 13 patients (15 ankles) who underwent this procedure for PCFD class E between 2010 and 2021. Mean follow-up time was 3.8 (range, 2-6.3) years. Clinical assessment was based on the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) ankle/hindfoot scale as well as a Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q). Radiographic assessments, including identification of the mechanical ankle joint axis point and a modified valgus Takakura-Tanaka osteoarthritis grade, were recorded.

Results:

The mean JSSF score improved significantly from 45.2 preoperatively to 83.9 postoperatively ( P < .001). SAFE-Q scores at the final follow-up were 70.1 for the pain and pain-related subscale, 75.4 for the physical functioning and daily living subscale, 83.0 for the social functioning subscale, 74.4 for the shoe-related subscale, and 78.1 for the general health and well-being subscale. Radiographic measurements showed improvement in the tibiotalar tilt angle (average improvement: 5.4 degrees); orientation of the talus joint line relative to the ground (average improvement: 14.0 degrees); anteroposterior talus–first metatarsal angle (average improvement: 11.2 degrees), talonavicular coverage angle (average improvement: 21.6 degrees), and lateral talus–first metatarsal angle (average improvement: 17.0 degrees). Postoperatively, the mechanical ankle joint axis point moved medially for all patients and into the medial half of the ankle joint for 7 patients. The modified osteoarthritis stage improved postoperatively in most cases.

Conclusion:

In this select and relatively small group of patients who had a supramalleolar lateral opening-wedge osteotomy combined with PCFD reconstruction, we measured general improvement in JSSF scores and radiographic variables. Long-term durability of the procedure remains unknown. This procedure may be an option for preserving the ankle joint in treatment of PCFD class E with osteoarthritis of the ankle.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, therapeutic.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor treatment use in women treated for advanced breast cancer: Integrating ASCO/NCODA patient-centered standards in a community pharmacy
Authors: Marineau Alexandre , St-Pierre Catherine , Lessard-Hurtubise Roxanne , David Marie-Ève , Adam Jean-Philippe , Chabot Isabelle
Published: June 2022

Background

Outpatients treated with oral anti-cancer drugs, including selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), may benefit from a pharmacy practice setting adapted to support proper oral anti-cancer drug monitoring. This real-world study aimed to characterize patient-centered pharmacy practice aligned with American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/National Community Oncology Dispensing Association (NCODA) standards and to describe its impact on CDK4/6i treatment use.

Methods

This retrospective study included women with confirmed hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor 2 negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer treated with either palbociclib, abemaciclib or ribociclib combined with letrozole or fulvestrant. Pharmacists collected patient characteristics, clinical activities, and treatment patterns using data from the pharmacy chart. CDK4/6i treatment adherence rates were estimated based on medication claims data. Time-to-treatment discontinuation, a proxy for time-to-event, was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier estimate.

Results

Of the 195 patients assessed for eligibility, 65 were included in this study. The median observation duration was 13.6 months. An average of seven pharmaceutical care activities (range 2.8–21.7) per patient was documented for each treatment cycle. The mean proportion of days covered was 89.6%. The median time-to-treatment discontinuation was estimated at 44.2 months in patients treated with CDK4/6i + letrozole and 17.0 months in patients treated with CDK4/6i + fulvestrant. The average relative dose intensity was 85%, and the benefits of treatment were maintained regardless of the relative dose intensity levels.

Conclusion

A structured patient-centered pharmacy practice model integrating the ASCO/NCODA patient-centered standards and ongoing communication with patients and healthcare providers ensure timely refills, close monitoring, and allows patients to achieve high adherence and persistence rates comparable to those reported in clinical trials.
Comparison of modelling approaches for the prediction of kinetic growth parameters of Pseudomonas spp. in oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Tarlak Fatih , Costa Jean Carlos Correia Peres
Published: June 2022

In predictive microbiology, primary and secondary models can be used to predict microbial growth, usually in a two-step modelling approach. The inverse dynamic modelling approach is an alternative method to direct modelling methods, in which the primary and secondary models are fitted simultaneously from non-isothermal data, minimising experimental effort and costs. Thus, the main aim of the present study was to compare the prediction capabilities of the mathematical modelling approaches used for calculating growth kinetics of microorganisms in predictive food microbiology field. For this purpose, the bacterial growth data of Pseudomonas spp. in oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus) subjected to isothermal and non-isothermal storage temperatures were collected from previously published growth curves. Temperature-dependent kinetic growth parameters (maximum specific growth rate ‘µ max’ and lag phase duration ‘ λ’) were described as a function of storage temperature using the direct two-step, direct one-step and inverse dynamic modelling approach based on Baranyi and Huang models. The fitting capability of the modelling approaches was separately compared, and the one-step modelling approach for the direct methods provided better goodness of fit results regardless of used primary models, which leads the Huang model with being RMSE = 0.226 and R2adj = 0.949 became best for direct methods. Like seen in direct methods, the Huang model gave better goodness of fit results than Baranyi model for inverse method. Results revealed there was no significant difference ( p >  0.05) between the growth kinetic parameters obtained from direct one-step modelling approach and inverse modelling approaches based on the Huang model. Satisfactorily statistical indexes show that the inverse dynamic modelling approach can be reliably used as an alternative way of describing the growth behaviour of Pseudomonas spp. in oyster mushroom in a fast and minimum labour effort.
Factors Influencing Lifetime Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Ever-Partnered Men in South Sudan
Authors: Khalaf Mohammad , Contreras-Urbina Manuel , Murphy Maureen , Ellsberg Mary
Published: June 2022

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence against women and girls (VAWG). Research has shown that gender inequitable attitudes, economic stressors, and armed conflict are among the many risk factors for IPV. Armed conflict can leave women and girls even more vulnerable to gender-based violence and create a context in which hegemonic masculinity may escalate different forms of VAWG. In South Sudan, a country that has been affected by continued armed conflicts, more than half of ever-partnered women and girls have reported experiencing physical or sexual IPV. This study reports on two population-based surveys targeting women and men in South Sudan. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using a sub-sample of ever-partnered men in South Sudan to examine the effect of several predictors on lifetime perpetration of IPV. Findings show a number of factors that were associated with increased odds of ever perpetrating IPV including perpetrating non-partner sexual violence, exposure to non-partner physical violence, and the number of controlling behaviors perpetrated against women partners. These findings suggest that perpetration of IPV is linked to gender inequality and exposure to and normalization of violence. Overall, this research contributes to our in-depth understanding of how experiences of armed conflict may contribute to perpetration of VAWG.
Examining student depictions of actual and ideal learning experiences in elementary general music
Authors: Hanson Josef
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore and synthesize the perspectives of primary-level students regarding their experiences in general music by analyzing their drawings. A research protocol was developed using an adaptation of the Kinetic School Drawing approach established by Prout and Phillips. A total of 180 primary students from four school contexts participated by creating pictorial depictions of both actual and ideal activities in general music class, which were then analyzed by an outside panel of expert assessors for apparent and implied features. The reactions and reflections of the general music specialists ( n = 4) who taught the student participants were also documented and analyzed. Findings centered on students’ (a) preferences for agency and active, volitional learning activities, (b) desire for achievement, individualization, and feedback, and (c) tendencies to highlight compliant, institutionally appropriate behaviors over musical ones. The findings of this study suggest several implications for practice and the need for more intentional efforts to honor the perspectives of students when designing and facilitating music learning experiences, even at the primary level.
Coronavirus meets the clash of civilizations
Authors: Albuquerque Afonso de , Oliveira Thaiane M , Jr Marcelo A dos Santos , Quinan Rodrigo , Mazur Daniela
Published: June 2022

Conspiracy Theories (CTs) are a global phenomenon, but some societies are better equipped than others to resist them. This article discusses the characteristics of the China-related COVID-19 CTs in the Brazilian Facebook, based on 28,312 posts published from January 2020 to June 2021. We argue that, in Brazil, the spread of CTs was facilitated by a widespread political and knowledge institutions’ legitimacy crisis. The rise of the extremist politician Jair Bolsonaro to the Presidency provides evidence in this regard. In consequence, the boundaries between fringe and mainstream politics become porous. This article discusses which agents disseminate China-related COVID-19 CTs, and which topics receive more attention. We found a significant presence of actors belonging to mainstream politics and the media among the CTs’ main disseminators. Additionally, the CTs circulating in the Brazilian social media environment reproduce concerns about China’s growing presence in the global arena, which originate elsewhere. Still, they add a specific emphasis on the Communist threat. We sustain that this emphasis relates as much to Brazil’s internal politics as to China itself.
Identifying and responding to depression in adolescents in primary care: A quality improvement response
Authors: Dalal Michelle , Holcomb Juliana M , Sundaresan Devi , Dutta Anamika , Riobueno-Naylor Alexa , Peloquin Gabrielle D , Benheim Talia S , Jellinek Michael , Murphy J Michael
Published: June 2022

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends adolescent depression screening and subsequent follow-up for those scoring at-risk. The current study assessed the outcomes of a Quality Improvement (QI) project that implemented these guidelines during annual well-child visits in a network of pediatric practices. This project used a two-stage screening process. First, adolescents were screened with the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC-17). Second, adolescents who screened at-risk on the PSC-17 were asked to complete the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). QI-participating providers received training on how to categorize the severity of their patient’s depression based on PHQ-9 cut-off scores and clinical interview, and to implement and document appropriate options for follow-up. Patients in the QI group were significantly more likely to be screened with both the PSC-17 (93.8% vs. 89.1%, p < .001) and the PHQ-9 (54.8% vs. 16.4%, p < .001) compared to those in the non-QI group. Of the 80 adolescents in the QI group at-risk on the PSC-17 and with a completed PHQ-9, 65 (81.3%) received at least one type of referral for mental health, ranging from behavioral health services to lifestyle interventions. Findings support the feasibility of adolescent depression screening and referrals within pediatric primary care.
Technostress During COVID-19: Action Regulation Hindrances and the Mediating Role of Basic Human Needs among Psychology Students
Authors: Schauffel Nathalie , Kaufmann Lena Maria , Rynek Mona , Ellwart Thomas
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic led to an abrupt change from in-person to online teaching in higher education, resulting in increased use of information and communication technology (ICT) and students’ stress and uncertainty. Integrating theories of human motivation, stress, and humane work design, we investigated whether different types of action regulation hindrances (ARH) pertaining to human (ICT competence deficits), technology (technical problems), interaction (coordination difficulties), and task aspects (work overload) related to technostress (H1). Furthermore, we examined if this relationship was mediated by satisfaction of the basic human needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness (H2). Our analysis of causes and mechanisms of technostress is based on cross-sectional survey data (self-report) from 205 psychology students attending an organizational psychology class that was switched from an in-person to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Structural equation modeling revealed that different types of ARH (i.e., ICT competence deficits, technical problems, coordination difficulties, work overload) positively predicted technostress (β  =  .17 to β  =  .42, p < .05). The effects were (partially) mediated by satisfaction of the need for autonomy (β  =  .11 to β  =  .15, p < .05), for all ARH except technical problems (β  =  .01, p  =  .86). We discuss implications for online course planning, technostress prevention as well as potential interventions beyond pandemic times.
Vulnerability, health information right and the contributions of augmentative and alternative communication for people with aphasia
Authors: Frade Ana Inês de Almeida , d’Espiney Luísa , Marques Pinto Vanda
Published: June 2022

Due to impaired communication, people with aphasia are often in a vulnerable situation and face barriers in accessing health information. This article discusses the contributions ofaugmentative and alternative communication for people with aphasia in optimizing communication, improving language recovery, and mainly in providing education and increasing access to healthinformation. This can be translated into a positive impact on respect for autonomy right, well-being, quality of life, and health outcomes (further participation in the decision-making process, involvement,independence, and control of the rehabilitation process). Health professionals, including nurses, must have communication skills to communicate effectively with this population and also be prepared to useaugmentative and alternative communication strategies.
Groups, Behaviors, and Issues as Cues of Partisan Attachments in the Public
Authors: Barber Michael , Pope Jeremy
Published: June 2022

What factors do people most associate with the partisan identity of others: group identity, political issue positions, or social behaviors? In this research note, we report the results of a conjoint experiment in which we test the predictive power of descriptive identities against other attributes such as social behaviors and issue positions. We find that when presented with a randomized biography to predict partisanship, people rely on issue positions over descriptive group identities or behaviors. Most issues outperform group affiliations and behaviors, with sexual orientation as the partial exception. We then compared these results to the correlation between the same factors in respondents’ own biographies and their own partisan identification. We find that political issues are far less important to people’s own partisan affiliations, while group identity is more predictive. We conclude that an understanding or perception of ideological concepts and their association with the political parties in others should be distinguished from adoption of such concepts by individuals themselves.
Show Up, Don’t Just Check In: A Comparative Study of Institutional Statements Released in “Unprecedented Times”
Authors: Johnson Alexandria , Justice Alexa
Published: June 2022

University leaders frequently release statements following social, racial, and/or political events that affect the university population. Using Critical Discourse Analysis and Intersectional Analysis, this study offers a comparative exploration of institutional responses to two central and conflicting events that took place in the final year of the Trump administration: the murder of George Floyd in May 2020 and the insurrection at the Capitol in January 2021. In comparing how institutions addressed both events, we found that the statements issued in 2020 were what we defined as “transformational” while the 2021 statements engaged less with systemic injustice. This analysis provides a useful guideline for future studies to address the responses of administrators to national events that have had polarizing or psychological impacts on the higher education community and offers support for institutional leaders who wish to put their holistic selves in their writing to serve the institution’s more progressive diversity, equity, and inclusion goals.
Praxis-Oriented Research Toward a Liberatory Disability Politics: A Contemplative Inquiry Approach
Authors: Acevedo Sara M.
Published: June 2022

Knowledge extraction and the absence of reciprocity between scholars and grassroots practitioners in mainstream disability research are topics of concern for scholar-activists committed to disability justice in cultural and social studies research. Critical methodologies such as praxis-oriented research and scholar-activism in disability studies have sought to decenter Euro-American notions of expertise and nondisabled expert knowledge by centering disabled grassroots knowledge and leadership in all aspects of the disability experience. Overall, the literature demonstrates that emancipatory methods such as scholar-activism and praxis-oriented research have had a liberatory effect on disability studies inquiry. It also suggests that nondisabled researchers in other areas have yet to critically examine their role in perpetuating systemic ableism in their research practices. This article builds upon and extends the existing literature by considering disability studies scholars’ methodological interventions in traditionally dominant fields such as anthropology and policy studies. To keep with a praxis-oriented approach to research, the article uses a contemplative inquiry approach to discuss these interventions. Concluding remarks discuss the political significance of praxis-oriented research and its role in subverting unbalanced power dynamics between academic researchers and disabled grassroots practitioners, thus enabling a move toward a liberatory disability politics.
It’s Me(me), Revolution Elizabeth: Social Media and a Practice of Critical Social Commentary
Authors: Martin Anne E. , Fournillier Janice B.
Published: June 2022

One viral video emerging from the January 6th, 2021 attempted insurrection showed a White woman crying about being maced upon her unlawful entry into the U.S. Capitol. We used intersectional and critical discourse methods to analyze 127 Twitter replies to the video constructing the Revolution Elizabeth meme. Twitter users alluded to popular culture to garner shared understanding and used sarcasm to interrogate White women’s privileges, often in contrast to the treatment of Black people. Absent from replies were nuanced considerations of racialized sexism. We argue that the discursive use of humor undercut the agentive possibilities associated with the meme.
Association of Acute Trapeziometacarpal Joint Dislocation and Trapezium Fracture in a 14-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Minini Andrea , Fagetti Alessandro , Tamborini Federico , Di Giovanna Danilo , Salvi Andrea G. , Maffeis Jacopo , Sibona Federico , Cherubino Mario
Published: June 2022

Fracture-dislocation of the trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint in adolescent patients is a rare injury, with only 3 cases reported in literature to our knowledge. Its low incidence, together with the complexity of the anatomy and biomechanics of TM joint, may represent a challenge for surgeons in choosing the best treating option. Here, we report a case of a TM fracture dislocation in a 14-year-old boy treated with percutaneous Kirschner wire pinning. The results we obtained endorsed our choice in patients for whom closed reduction is achievable.
Detection of cerebral aneurysm and intracranial vertebral dissection using non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in emergency setting: Emphasis on magnitude image of susceptibility-weighted image
Authors: Bae Dae Woong , Lee Jong Heon , Shin Jae Ho , Ihn Yon Kwon , Sung Jae Hoon
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To evaluate image features and diagnostic performance of susceptibility-weighted image (SWI) in detection of intracranial vertebral artery dissection (VAD) and unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA).

Materials and methods

From January 2015 to December 2021, symptomatic patients who underwent 3.0 T MR SWI were recruited. For study group, transfemoral cerebral angiography-proven lesions were included, while 1:1 matched control group with MR angiography were included. Image features of SWI were evaluated. Diagnostic performance and interobserver agreements were calculated for detecting VAD with stenosis and UIA greater than 7 mm.

Results

Total of 110 patients (mean age: 60.92 years, female: 60/110) were included. In the study group (N = 55), 21 patients (38.2%) had VAD, while 34 patients (61.8%) had UIA. For SWI-detectable VAD, larger parent artery (PA)-dilatation ratio was observed (1.36 vs. 1.84, p = 0.034). For SWI-detectable UIA, larger PA-dome ratio (1.32 vs. 1.90, p = 0.020) and larger PA-height ratio (1.25 vs. 1.77, p = 0.005) were observed. The diagnostic performance and kappa values for VAD with stenosis were as follow: sensitivity: 91.7 (95% CI: 61.5–99.8); specificity: 93.9 (95% CI: 87.2–97.7); к: 0.80. The diagnostic performance for UIA larger than 7 mm were as follow: sensitivity: 87.5 (95% CI: 47.4–99.7); specificity: 95.1 (95% CI: 88.9–98.4); к: 0.73.

Conclusion

SWI-detectable lesions were VAD with larger PA-dilatation ratio, and UIA with larger PA-dome ratio, and PA-height ratio. SWI was able to accurately detect VAD with stenosis and UIA larger than 7 mm with substantial interobserver agreements.
Discovering New Connections: Insights From Individual and Collective Reflexivity in a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Cayir Ebru , Felder Tisha M. , Nkwonta Chigozie A. , Jackson Joynelle R. , Dawson Robin
Published: June 2022

Through intentionally engaging in reflexivity, researchers can be transparent about potential areas of social inquiry and analysis that might be subject to a priori assumptions, personal biases, and interpretations that are not rooted in the data. In the context of conducting research with others, reflexivity also includes a collective dimension in which each researcher’s positionality interacts with the others and shapes research outcomes. Fostering collective reflexivity within interdisciplinary teams enables the researchers to process conflicting perspectives, allow creative and innovative approaches to emerge, and develop a shared vision of the research concepts, methods, and outcomes. Despite its acknowledged value, the integral process of reflexivity is rarely documented in mixed methods social inquiry. In this article, we describe the process of reflexivity through individual and collective team insights gained within a mixed methods study that examined the lived experiences and perceptions of breastfeeding among African American women and their support partners. We describe three components of the reflexivity practice we engaged in: 1) Self-led; 2) Relational and team-led; 3) Methods-focused and team-led. We discuss how this process challenged, shaped, and enriched data analysis, data integration, and finally, our understanding of the research findings.