bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure 3 from The Proteogenomics of Prostate Cancer Radioresistance
Authors: Haas Roni , Frame Gavin , Khan Shahbaz , Neilsen Beth K. , Hong Boon Hao , Yeo Celestia P.X. , Yamaguchi Takafumi N. , Ong Enya H.W. , Zhao Wenyan , Carlin Benjamin , Yeo Eugenia L.L. , Tan Kah Min , Bugh Yuan Zhe , Zhu Chenghao , Hugh-White Rupert , Livingstone Julie , Poon Dennis J.J. , Chu Pek Lim , Patel Yash , Tao Shu , Ignatchenko Vladimir , Kurganovs Natalie J. , Higgins Geoff S. , Downes Michelle R. , Loblaw Andrew , Vesprini Danny , Kishan Amar U. , Chua Melvin L.K. , Kislinger Thomas , Boutros Paul C. , Liu Stanley K.
Published: September 2024

Supporting data for differential RNA abundance analysis
Table S1 from Exosomal Thomsen–Friedenreich Glycoantigen: A New Liquid Biopsy Biomarker for Lung and Breast Cancer Diagnoses
Authors: Hsu Chang-Chieh , Su Yafei , Rittenhouse-Olson Kate , Attwood Kristopher M. , Mojica Wilfrido , Reid Mary E. , Dy Grace K. , Wu Yun
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S1. Characteristics of Lung Cancer Patients and Controls.
Intraday Variations in Skin Water Parameters
Authors: Mayrovitz Harvey N.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Three interrelated skin water assessments include stratum corneum hydration (SCH) via electrical measurements, skin water using tissue dielectric constant (TDC) measurements, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). These are differentially used for skin physiology research, clinical assessments of dermatological conditions and to assess skin water in diabetes and lymphedema. Often volar forearm skin is used for assessments done at various times of day (TOD). The present goal was to assess the extent of intraday variability in SCH, TDC, and TEWL. Methods: Twelve medical students self-measured SCH, TDC, and TEWL on their forearm every 2 h from 08:00 to 24:00 h on 2 consecutive days. All participants were well trained and pre-certified in all procedures. Tests for parameter differences among TOD were via the nonparametric Friedman test. Results: No significant differences in SCH or TEWL were found among TOD over the 16-h interval for either day or combined. Contrastingly, TDC decreased slightly but significantly from morning through evening. There was no evidence of a diurnal pattern. Interestingly, a significant nonlinear relationship between TEWL and SCH was detected. Conclusion: Findings indicate only minor intraday variations with TOD trend except for TDC which decreases slightly from morning through evening. The clinical relevance relates to the confidence now gained associated with the parameter estimates when measured at different TOD during normal clinic hours or beyond. This should help in estimating the potential importance of small differences if measured at a different TOD. From a physiological viewpoint, the findings uncover and describe an interesting nonlinear relationship between TEWL and SCH which may serve to propel further investigations that might better characterize this process.
Cuidando do períneo: orientações para gestação, parto e pós-parto
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Gonçalves Roselane , Ferreira Glauce Cristine Vieira ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Silva Helena Teofilo Ferreira da ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Silva Juliana Vitória da ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública
Published: September 2024

Esta cartilha é um material educativo sobre cuidado perineal durante a gestação, parto e pós-parto, produto final de um projeto de iniciação científica. O assunto abordado é de fundamental importância considerando a prevalência das lesões genitais que podem ocorrer durante o parto. Os traumas perineais incluem lesões na região da vagina e atingem áreas próximas aos orifícios pelos quais saem a urina (uretra) e as fezes (ânus). Desse modo, a informação sobre esse tema deve fazer parte das orientações a serem fornecidas às mulheres e às pessoas que engravidam, visando à prevenção e/ou diminuição da ocorrência dessas lesões, bem como auxiliar no processo de recuperação no pós-parto. Esta cartilha também poderá incentivar o conhecimento das pessoas sobre o corpo e como cuidar de si (autocuidado), além de informá-las sobre os cuidados que poderão receber durante a gestação, o trabalho de parto e o pós-parto. Trata-se de um material de linguagem acessível validado por profissionais especializados na área temática e por gestantes vinculadas ao programa de atenção pré-natal de uma unidade básica de saúde do município de São Paulo/Brasil.
Endothelial TGF-β Signaling Regulates Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition During Arteriovenous Fistula Remodeling in Mice With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zhang Weichang , Gonzalez Luis , Li Xin , Bai Hualong , Li Zhuo , Taniguchi Ryosuke , Langford John , Ohashi Yuichi , Thaxton Carly , Aoyagi Yukihiko , Yatsula Bogdan , Martin Kathleen A. , Goodwin Julie , Tellides George , Long Xiaochun , Shu Chang , Dardik Alan
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with endothelial injury, impaired AVF maturation, and reduced patency, as well as utilization. Because CKD is characterized by multiple pathophysiological processes that induce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), we hypothesized that CKD promotes EndMT during venous remodeling and that disruption of endothelial TGF (transforming growth factor)-β signaling inhibits EndMT to prevent AVF failure even in the end-stage kidney disease environment.

METHODS:

The mouse 5/6 nephrectomy and aortocaval fistula models were used. CKD was created via 5/6 nephrectomy, with controls of no (0/6) or partial (3/6) nephrectomy in C57BL/6J mice. AVF were created in mice with knockdown of TGF-βR1/R2 (TGF-β receptors type 1/2) in either smooth muscle cells or endothelial cells. AVF diameters and patency were measured and confirmed by serial ultrasound examination. AVF, both murine and human, were examined using Western blot, histology, and immunofluorescence. Human and mouse endothelial cells were used for in vitro experiments.

RESULTS:

CKD accelerates TGF-β activation and promotes EndMT that is associated with increased AVF wall thickness and reduced patency in mice. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling in both endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells decreased smooth muscle cell proliferation in the AVF wall, attenuated EndMT, and was associated with reduced wall thickness, increased outward remodeling, and improved AVF patency. Human AVF also showed increased TGF-β signaling and EndMT.

CONCLUSIONS:

CKD promotes EndMT and reduces AVF patency. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling, especially disruption of endothelial cell–specific TGF-β signaling, attenuates EndMT and improves AVF patency in mouse AVF. Inhibition of EndMT may be a therapeutic approach of translational significance to improve AVF patency in human patients with CKD.
Do Language Models Enjoy Their Own Stories? Prompting Large Language Models for Automatic Story Evaluation
Authors: Chhun Cyril , Suchanek Fabian M. , Clavel Chloé
Published: September 2024

Storytelling is an integral part of human experience and plays a crucial role in social interactions. Thus, Automatic Story Evaluation (ASE) and Generation (ASG) could benefit society in multiple ways, but they are challenging tasks which require high-level human abilities such as creativity, reasoning, and deep understanding. Meanwhile, Large Language Models (LLMs) now achieve state-of-the-art performance on many NLP tasks. In this paper, we study whether LLMs can be used as substitutes for human annotators for ASE. We perform an extensive analysis of the correlations between LLM ratings, other automatic measures, and human annotations, and we explore the influence of prompting on the results and the explainability of LLM behaviour. Most notably, we find that LLMs outperform current automatic measures for system-level evaluation but still struggle at providing satisfactory explanations for their answers.
Investigating Hallucinations in Pruned Large Language Models for Abstractive Summarization
Authors: Chrysostomou George , Zhao Zhixue , Williams Miles , Aletras Nikolaos
Published: September 2024

Despite the remarkable performance of generative large language models (LLMs) on abstractive summarization, they face two significant challenges: their considerable size and tendency to hallucinate. Hallucinations are concerning because they erode reliability and raise safety issues. Pruning is a technique that reduces model size by removing redundant weights, enabling more efficient sparse inference. Pruned models yield downstream task performance comparable to the original, making them ideal alternatives when operating on a limited budget. However, the effect that pruning has upon hallucinations in abstractive summarization with LLMs has yet to be explored. In this paper, we provide an extensive empirical study across five summarization datasets, two state-of-the-art pruning methods, and five instruction-tuned LLMs. Surprisingly, we find that hallucinations are less prevalent from pruned LLMs than the original models. Our analysis suggests that pruned models tend to depend more on the source document for summary generation. This leads to a higher lexical overlap between the generated summary and the source document, which could be a reason for the reduction in hallucination risk.1
Quality of Life, Attitude to the Disease, Commitment to the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Tonsillitis
Authors: Belousov Anton A. , Khrabrikov Alexey N. , Sotnikov Vladislav A. , Nikishina Vera B.
Published: September 2024

Background. Outpatient observation, general principles in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis do not lead to a decrease in the incidence of this pathology as well as of other diseases of related nosologies. It is necessary to study the quality of life, attitude to the disease, adherence to treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis to improve the effectiveness of interaction in the “doctor-patient” tandem. Objective. The aim is to study the parameters of quality of life, type of attitude towards the disease, adherence to treatment in patients with different forms of chronic tonsillitis. Study Participants. A total of 229 patients with chronic tonsillitis (67 men, 162 women, aged 18 to 63 years, average age 31.68 years, standard deviation 0.23 years) participated in the study. Of these, 76 people had a compensated form (14 men, 62 women), 153 people had a decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis (53 men, 100 women). Methods. WHO Brief Questionnaire for Assessing Quality of Life, the “Type of Attitude to Disease (TOBOL)” method, the Russian universal questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment (KOP-25). Results. Patients with decompensated chronic tonsillitis, which has more severe clinical manifestations, perceive the symptoms of the disease through withdrawal into work, which is manifested in partial ignoring of symptoms and the desire to continue active work. As a result, they have low adherence to treatment in most of its manifestations. In patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis, which is characterized by less severe clinical manifestations of the disease, denial of the disease prevails. However, they have a relatively high adherence to treatment in many of its manifestations. Quality of life indicators are significantly lower in them as compared to those in patients with a decompensated form. Conclusions. Patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis are characterized by denial of the disease, and lower quality of life indicators. However, they show higher adherence to treatment. Patients with decompensated chronic tonsillitis are characterized by withdrawal from the disease to work, low adherence to treatment, and high quality of life indicators. Practical application of the results. The obtained results make it possible to justify elaboration of programmes for the work of a medical psychologist with patients suffering from chronic tonsillitis, and to organize interaction depending on the form of the disease.
Body Image in Adolescent Girls with Different Body Mass Index Having Gynecological Diseases
Authors: Lyubchich Daria V. , Nikishina Vera B. , Karachentsova Irina V.
Published: September 2024

Background. The study relevance is due to a decrease in publication activity in relation to the object of research in the last 10 years (according to the professional information database LENS.ORG) by 12% compared to the previous decade, while social demand remains high. Objectives. The goal is to identify differences in the structural components of body image, as well as factors involved in its formation in adolescent girls with different body mass indexes and gynecological diseases. Study Participants. 31 teenage girls aged 11–17 years (Mage = 14.06, SD = 2.02 years), having a confirmed gynecological disease according to ICD-10 (menstrual irregularities, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, benign tumors of the pelvic organs and mammary glands). Methods. The study used the author's questionnaire, consisting of 3 substantive blocks of questions (socio-demographic; somatic, socio-psychological data) and 4 psychodiagnostic techniques: Body Image Questionnaire by O.A. Skugarevsky and S.V. Sivukha; SIBID questionnaire (Thomas F. Cash) adapted by L.T. Baranskaya and S.S. Tataurova; Nonverbal technique for assessing satisfaction with body areas (SBS) Meshkova T.A., Neuropsychological tests for somatognosis (right-left orientation in the body diagram, idea of body size in space). Results. Statistically significant differences in the level of dissatisfaction with both their own body and body parts were revealed between the groups of adolescent girls with different BMI values. At the level of somatosensory gnosis, both groups showed disturbances in quasi-spatial orientation (orientation in their own body), which manifested themselves in mirroring errors and difficulty transferring the spatial organization of hand posture in the horizontal and vertical planes of right-left orientation. Statistically significant direct relationships were revealed between BMI values and indicators of dissatisfaction with their own body and situational dissatisfaction with body image. Significant relationships between BMI and the time spent in the digital space, the number of subscribers in social networks, school performance, and diet were revealed. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, a significant correlation between body mass index indicators in adolescent girls with gynecological diseases with such indicators as satisfaction/dissatisfaction with their own body and their body image, time spent in the digital space and the number of subscribers, school performance, as well as diet was revealed.
Developing and Testing “Emotional Attitude to Dangerous Situations” Technique for Adolescents and Youth with Intellectual Disorders
Authors: Fatikhova Lidiya F. , Sayfutdiyarova Elena F.
Published: September 2024

Background. The technique “Emotional Attitude to Dangerous Situations” developed by the authors could become one of the tools for identifying the ability of adolescents and young adults with intellectual disabilities to behave safely, assessing the effectiveness of correctional and educational work on the development of safe behaviour, and also supplementing the ideas of the psychology of safety of various social groups with knowledge about the manifestations of safe behaviour of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Objectives. The focus is on the development, testing and validation of the method Emotional Attitude to Dangerous Situations designed to study teenagers and adolescents with intact or impaired intelligence. Study Participants. The adaptation of the technique was carried out on a sample of 117 students with intellectual disabilities: 71 adolescents (М = 12.8 years, SD = 0.82 years, 42 boys and 29 girls), 46 youth students (М = 16 years, SD = 0.5 years, 30 boys and 16 girls). Methods. The “Emotional attitude to dangerous situations” method consists of 13 problematic situations reflecting the most probable dangers for students: dangers of the physical, social, informational and educational environment. To assess the reliability of the method, the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used for each of the selected scales. To assess the criterion validity of the method, the correlation coefficient between the scales of emotional assessment of a dangerous situation and the way of behaviour in a dangerous situation (the “Emotional attitude to dangerous situations” technique) and the indicators of reaction types to dangers (Questionnaire for identifying the type of attitude to danger) was used. Results. The technology “Emotional attitude to dangerous situations” has been developed. The results of standardization of the methodology, assessment of reliability and criterion validity are presented. The values of the selected scales according to Cronbach's α showed a sufficient level of consistency (from 0.536 to 0.697). Significant interrelations of the scales of emotional assessment and behaviuor in dangerous situations (dangers of the physical, social, information and educational environment) with the types of response to dangers (adequate, uncertain, anxious, ignoring) in adolescent and young adult students with intellectual disabilities have been established. Conclusions. The results of the psychometric assessment allow us to speak about a sufficiently high reliability, internal consistency of the scales in the sample, as well as the criterion validity of the developed method. The developed method can be used to identify the emotional attitude to dangerous situations and the way of behaviour in them of adolescents and young adults with intellectual impairments.
Negative Informational and Psychological Impact as a Determinant of Stagnation of Professional and Personal Development in Representatives of Law Enforcement Agencies
Authors: Petrov Vladislav Е. , Kokurin Aleksey V. , Litvinova Anna V.
Published: September 2024

Background. Improving the work on psychological prevention of stagnation in professional and personal development of employees (military personnel) as well as counteracting the spread of negative information and psychological effects provide for professional efficiency and reliability of the personnel of law enforcement agencies. Objectives. The article is aimed at studying the issues of negative information and psychological impact as determinants of stagnation in professional and personal development of representatives of law enforcement agencies. Study Participants. The study was conducted on a sample of 163 people (62 police officers, 87 military personnel, 14 employees of the penal enforcement system). The participants are men who have been in office for more than 3 years and are experiencing negative information and psychological effects; the average age is 32.4 years. Methods. Questionnaire for studying the impact of negative information and psychological effects on the personnel of law enforcement agencies; questionnaires for assessing the stagnation of professional and personal development and assessing the information stress tolerance by V.E. Petrov's employees were applied. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, evaluation of differences using the Mann-Whitney U-test, correlation analysis by Ch. Spearman were used for statistical processing of the empirical data. Results. With intense negative information and psychological impact, representatives of law enforcement agencies expressed: a subjective feeling of stagnation, loss of motivation for self-realization, awareness of stagnation in development. Such characteristics of personality and behaviour as information intelligibility, moderate information activity and sensitivity to stress, stress regulation of behaviour act as protectors from stagnation under the influence of negative information and psychological effects. Conclusions. The study found that representatives of law enforcement agencies integrate negative intensive informational and psychological impact into the overall assessment of the level of psychological stress in the service. The etiology and generalization of information stress and stagnation of professional and personal development among police officers, the penal enforcement system officers, and military personnel are largely similar. Countering negative information and psychological effects and overcoming stagnation phenomena in professional and personal development can serve as the basis for a system of prevention of deviant behaviours in the personnel of law enforcement agencies.
Can physical activity immediately increase attention span and verbal working memory in adolescents: an empirical study
Authors: Yakushina Anastasia A. , Shatskaya Arina N. , Arakelyan Arina A. , Baeva Polina I. , Todua Elizaveta A. , Koznova Maria A. , Gaeva Ekaterina L. , Krivosheev Stanislav V.
Published: September 2024

Background. There is a large body of empirical evidence supporting the positive effects of systematic exercise on cognitive development of children and adolescents. However, the results on the immediate effect of physical activity on cognitive functions (in particular attention and memory) which can potentially come immediately after exercise, are practically lacking or quite contradictory. Objective. The study had its purpose to investigate the immediate effect of physical activity on the measures of attention span and working memory capacity in adolescents. Study Participants. The study involved 190 schoolchildren (54% girls) aged 13–17 (M = 14.73, SD = 1.61) from several regions of Russian Federation. Methods. The “Schulte's tables” were used for diagnostics of attention stability. Working memory scores were measured by means of “Memorization of 10 words”. Results. Comparison of averages demonstrated no significant differences in the indicators of attention stability before and after physical activity (t = 9401, p = 0.131). In contrast, working memory indices were significantly lower after exercise (W = 7257, p < 0.001). Apart from that, girls were shown to memorize and reproduce on average more material than boys. Conclusions. Thus, the obtained results indicate that there is no immediate positive effect of physical activity on the attention span and working memory capacity in adolescents. This may mean that the relationship between the indicators of attention stability, working memory capacity and physical activity is more complex and nonlinear, which requires further study.
“For on Him We Depend”
Authors: Beyer Barbara
Published: September 2024

Most scholars have interpreted Acts 17:28a–c (“for in him we live and move and are”) within the context of the Aratus quotation in 17:28e. Yet in doing so, they overlooked the precise meaning of this statement and how it fits within the argument. This article considers the philological aspects and motifs contained in Acts 17:28a–c within their context. Thus, the statement expresses dependence on God by use of the Greek phrase ἔν τινι εἶναι, which appears widely across Greek literature. By taking the evidence from these sources into consideration, it becomes clear that the concise statement of Acts 17:28a–c bundles up various ideas of the Areopagus speech into one thought.
On Opposite Sides of the World – South African Expats’ Observations of the Society, Economy, Education and Ethics in South Korea
Authors: de Beer Jan Mathys
Published: September 2024

In this paper, a Comparative Historical Analysis (CHA) is made between South Korea and South Africa for the improvement of the South African politics, economy, society, and ethos. Through a mixed-methods approach, this study is making use of four case studies and a literature study to learn from the most prominent differences between RSA and ROK experienced by South African expats living in ROK (confirmed by other expats in ROK). The issues that form the basis of discussion of prominent differences between South Africa and South Korea are 1) the respect basis of society (the Korean focus on respect for others is viewed as a counter for racial superiority theories in RSA), 2) work ethics (the strong Korean commitment to hard work and proper remuneration corrects the lack of work ethics in small RSA enterprises), 3) education and innovation (the educational system in Korea is under less strain than in RSA because it receives high priority funding and support from the government), and 4) national cohesion (RSA’s diversity can be detrimental if leads to a lack of cohesion in the society). These issues are discussed from a CHA perspective for the purpose of contributing to the ongoing debate for the improvement of the South African society, economy and politics. By presenting case studies, this paper is limited in scope but makes an invaluable contribution to the wider debate on the improvement of RSA. The novel contribution of this paper is that it adds to the debate the observations of expatriates living in a country that has some similarities with RSA, but different from RSA, managed to improve their economy since their democratization in 1987.
Post-Materialist Development in Rural China: “Beautiful Countryside” Construction and the Case of Zhejiang
Authors: Li Gan , Tsai Wen-Hsuan , Song Weiqing
Published: September 2024

After 40 years of reform and opening-up, it appears that some new development concepts are emerging in China. We argue that while the Chinese government continues to pursue economic development, it is also engaging in some post-materialist practices in the areas of environmental protection, cultural development, and political participation. The Chinese authorities are exploring the establishment of Zhejiang Province as a model for rural development by facilitating the adoption of a post-materialist governance path. Post-materialist development in China is, however, very different from its Western counterpart. On account of its collectivist, rather than liberal, ideology, the CCP’s idea of post-materialist development consists of party-state environmentalism, “red culturalism,” and participatory authoritarianism. We carried out field research in Caocun Town in Zhejiang Province. The “digital village” scheme promoted by the town is an example of post-materialism with Chinese characteristics. However, we emphasize that China’s development strategy has not completely shifted to one of post-materialism. The Zhejiang case is merely an experiment which could point the way to a new ideology and new development policies in the future.
Social Media and Mass Empowerment: Towards a Theory of Digital Legitimacy
Authors: Greene Amanda R. , Gilbert Sam
Published: September 2024

Many people are concerned about the legitimacy of digital technology companies like Meta. In this paper we show that two existing models for characterizing power – sovereign power and structural power – are inadequate when it comes to digital technology companies. This is because they fail to accommodate something crucial: the uniquely empowering nature of digital power. Companies like Meta empower users to interact by providing them with versatile systems defined by minimalist permission structures. Drawing on Searle’s theory of institutions and Hart’s theory of law, we show how these permission structures facilitate the creation of new powers, as well as new institutions, through the emergence and recognition of new social norms. This means we must ask how entities that provide us with such versatile – and thus unsteerable – means of empowerment can come to be legitimate. We argue that a custodial framework for digital legitimacy can assign responsibility for the patterns of empowerment that are sustained by companies like Meta.
Biochemical profile of the native seaweed fly Fucellia maritima (Haliday, 1838) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) reared on five different substrates
Authors: Lourenço F. , Calado R. , González M. , Medina I. , Ameixa O.M.C.C.
Published: September 2024

The sustainability of aquaculture production is crucial for the industry’s long-term viability. Diversification of feed ingredients is a key component in achieving this sustainability. Considered a promising alternative to traditional feed ingredients, terrestrial insect meals often lack sufficient n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). This study explores the potential of marine insect species, specifically evaluating the influence of five different substrates on the growth and composition of the European native seaweed fly, Fucellia maritima. The substrates tested include a brown seaweed (Fucus sp.), a green seaweed (Ulva sp.), a red seaweed (the invasive Agarophyton vermiculophyllum), the invasive freshwater hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), and fish processing waste (codfish Gadus morhua frames). Results show no significant difference in the number of individuals per substrate, although Fucus sp. had a higher total number of individuals completing their life cycle. In contrast, feeding on codfish frames resulted in a lower number of completed life cycles, while E. crassipes led to no survival. Protein content in adult flies ranged from 55.2% to 56.7%, and in pupae, it ranged from 46.1% to 48.7% across different feeding substrates. Notably, pupae fed with Ulva sp., exhibited the highest protein content at 48.7%. Lipid content in adult flies ranged from 10.0% to 13.0%, while in pupae, it ranged from 8.8% to 11.4%. Codfish frames had the highest lipid content in both pupae (11.4%) and adults (13%). The most abundant fatty acid in Fucus sp. – fed pupae and adult flies was oleic acid (18:1 n-9), while palmitoleic acid (16:1 n-7) dominated in other treatments. It is worth highlighting that docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) was reported for the first time in a seaweed fly, namely when supplied with fish processing waste. These findings suggest that Fucellia maritima may be a promising complementary ingredient for formulating marine aquafeeds.
Two Datasets of Genetic Dossiers and Authorial Manuscripts
Authors: Spadini Elena
Published: September 2024

In genetic criticism, scholarly editing, authorial philology and, more generally, for the study of authorial manuscripts and writing processes, it is essential to order and classify the textual witnesses and their relationships. This article presents two datasets of so-called ‘genetic networks’, that is representation of the genetic entities (witnesses, publications, dossiers) and their relationships, modelled according to the geno 1.0 ontology. The datasets contain genetic networks of the works of two Swiss authors: the main publications of Gustave Roud (1897–1976) and the short story “En mer” by Bernard Comment (1960).
Dataset on Financial Literacy, Financial Inclusion, Informal Financial Business Practices, and Intentions towards Formalization of Female Small Vendors in Lima, Peru
Authors: Gómez García Luis Demetrio , Zambrano Aranda Gloria María , Toledo Concha Emerson Jesús
Published: September 2024

This article presents findings from a survey conducted in Lima, Peru, aimed at understanding the relationships between education, financial literacy, financial inclusion, and informal financial business practices among small female vendors. The study, which collected 118 valid responses, focused on the impact of these factors on vendors’ intentions toward formalization. Formality was assessed based on legal registration with tax authorities, emphasizing the informal practices viewed on a continuum. These practices were evaluated using a five-point gradation scale that depicted varying levels of formality. Financial literacy, financial inclusion, and formalization intentions were measured using a five-point Likert scale, while a dichotomous question captured the formality-informality of the businesses. The demographic variables included age, gender, business tenure, employee count, and business activity. Educational level, typically treated as demographic, was considered an antecedent to financial literacy. The dataset linked to this study included raw survey data. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, industry representatives, public authorities, and stakeholders from developing countries to deal with informality and formalization. The survey methodology and data are adaptable for use in different national contexts, facilitating comparative analysis in developing countries.
The Intersection of Socioeconomic Differences and Sex in the Management and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Weight Nicholas , Moledina Saadiq , Lawson Claire A. , Van Spall Harriette G. C. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Rashid Muhammad , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Mamas Mamas A.
Published: September 2024

Patients with lower socioeconomic status (SES) have poorer outcomes following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) than patients with higher SES; however, how sex modifies socioeconomic differences is unclear. Using the United Kingdom (UK) Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) registry, alongside Office of National Statistics (ONS) mortality data, we analyzed 736,420 AMI patients between 2005 and 2018, stratified by Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) score Quintiles (most affluent [Q1] to most deprived [Q5]). There was no significant difference in probability of in-hospital mortality in our adjusted model according to sex. The probability of 30-day mortality in our adjusted model was similar between men and women throughout Quintiles, ((Q5; Men 7.6%; 95% CI 7.3–7.8% ( P < .001), Women; 7.0%; 95% CI 6.8–7.3%, P < .001)) ((Q1; Men 7.1%; 95% CI 6.8–7.4%, P < .001, Women; 6.9%; 95% CI 6.6–7.1%, P < .001)). The probability of one-year mortality in our adjusted model was higher in men throughout all Quintiles (Q1; Men 15.0%; 95% CI 14.8–15.6%), P < .001, Women; 14.5%; 95% CI 14.2–14.9%, P < .001) (Q5; Men 16.9%; 95% CI 16.5–17.3%, P < .001, Women; 15.5%; 95% CI 15.1–15.9 by %, P < .001). Overall, female sex did not significantly influence the effect of deprivation on AMI processes of care and outcomes.
At your side, On your side: United Nurses of Alberta communications framing
Authors: Cake Susan
Published: September 2024

This case study focuses on the United Nurses of Alberta, the union representing registered nurses in the province of Alberta, Canada; this explores United Nurses of Alberta's communication strategies. Drawing on the collective action frames previously identified in United Nurses of Alberta's social media and newsletters from 2010 to 2015, which frames nurses as unique healthcare providers and advocates, this study leverages insights from 23 interviews conducted with the United Nurses of Alberta staff, highly involved members, and general members from 2016 to 2017. The article explores the motivations and tensions around the framing of nurses and the union. The findings indicate that the United Nurses of Alberta could enhance its communications by better aligning with members’ current struggles through various collective action frame bridging and extensions. The research also suggests the potential benefits of United Nurses of Alberta shifting away from collective action frames rooted in self-sacrifice. Furthermore, this case study provides recommendations for communication strategies that could strengthen member engagement and involvement within their unions.
Why Do Harsh and Unpredictable Environments Lead to Delinquency? The Case for Unpredictability Schemas and Short-Term Mindsets
Authors: Deitzer Jessica R. , Frankenhuis Willem E. , Jacobsen Wade C. , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel , Feinberg Mark E. , van Gelder Jean-Louis
Published: September 2024

Objectives: We test whether there is a shared mechanism between many environmental risk factors and delinquency. Youth developing in harsh and unpredictable environments can adopt the belief that the world is chaotic, people are undependable, and they are unable to control their circumstances (i.e., an unpredictability schema). They may then opt to focus on the present (i.e., a short-term mindset), rather than invest in a future that is not stable or guaranteed. Methods: We test this idea by examining whether harsh and unpredictable environments are associated with delinquency—first through unpredictability schemas and then short-term mindsets—using structural equation models of two representative and geographically diverse longitudinal datasets. Results: Results show that many indicators of harsh and unpredictable environments predict unpredictability schemas and short-term mindsets. Their relationships with delinquency are mediated through short-term mindsets, especially sensation-seeking, but less so through unpredictability schemas. Conclusions: Similar findings across the datasets suggest short-term mindsets may be evoked as a response to harsh and unpredictable environments, namely unpredictable parenting and violence among peers. This illuminates the consequences of exposure to adverse environments and lends credence to the idea that short-term mindsets can help explain the link between many risk factors and crime.
Searching for Linearity: Reconstructive Processes Reverse Temporal Scrambling in Memory for Movie Scenes
Authors: Frisoni Matteo , Tosoni Annalisa , Bufagna Alessia , Sestieri Carlo
Published: September 2024

Meaning-making and temporal memory are closely intertwined, yet we still do not know how the overall understanding of complex events affects retrospective temporal judgments. The present study investigated the effect of a manipulation of the temporal linearity of a narrative on the subsequent memory-for-time performance. Participants indicated the time of occurrence of short video clips extracted from a previously encoded movie on a horizontal timeline representing the movie duration. Importantly, a group of participants ( N = 20) watched the original movie, which depicts events occurring in chronological order, whereas another group ( N = 30) watched a scrambled version of the same movie in which the temporal linearity was lost. This procedure allowed us to measure the quantity and direction of the temporal memory bias. The scrambled presentation produced a mild and general impairment of recognition memory compared to the linear presentation. More importantly, it biased temporal judgments as a function of the direction and amount of discrepancy between the story and the viewing time, in accordance with an automatic reshaping of temporal memory caused by a chronological representation of the storyline. This effect could be distinguished from a tendency to move judgments toward the center of the timeline, independently from the specific scrambling arrangement, consistent with the idea that the non-linearity of the story also generally increased the degree of temporal uncertainty. Taken together, our results provide further evidence that temporal memories are automatically reconstructed according to the general meaning of the events.
Holding ourselves to account: The precarity dividend and the ethics of researching academic precarity
Authors: O’Keefe Theresa , Courtois Aline
Published: September 2024

This article uses critical reflexivity as a method to document and analyse the ethical dilemmas that emerge when researching academic precarity across the permanent/precarious divide. With our project on long-term academic precarity as a case study, and as people who experienced long-term academic precarity, we take as the starting point other researchers’ silences on their positionality and about who does the work in the production of research on academic precarity. Although our small, unfunded project was driven by feminist ethics and transformative feminist praxis, there were some ethical issues we did not foresee, nor could we resolve. We focus on three main ethical dilemmas that arose as moments of discomfort, triggering extensive reflection and discussion: (1) authenticity and subjectivity, (2) disclosure of employment status and (3) complicity in and benefit from the precarisation of academic work, or what we term the ‘precarity dividend’. The article seeks to push the boundaries around how researchers hold themselves to account in the process of knowledge production. We suggest that precarity and especially the precarity dividend must become an inherent ethical consideration in all social scientific research design. It is a call for social researchers to make explicit – in writing, in ethics reviews and in presentations of their work – the labour process and labour conditions of all those involved.
Toward a sociological explanation of anxiety: Precariousness, class and gender among independent musicians
Authors: Vachet Jérémy
Published: September 2024

While anxiety is generally explained using an individualistic and biological framework, this article contributes to sociological approaches to emotions, considering anxiety as being triggered by social structural conditions, such as, in the case studied here, an outcome of precariousness faced by musicians in the music industries. Confronted by unbearable forms of anxiety triggered by an uncertainty encompassing all aspects of life, participants struggle to secure ontological security. Although experienced individually, the article reveals (1) how the disadvantages and exclusions associated with gender and class background are unevenly distributed, ultimately triggering different forms of anxieties; and (2) how emotions are differently managed depending on these social variables. Methodologically, the article presents an original study looking at the working lives of semi-professional musicians aged 25–37, based in Paris (France), Brooklyn, San Francisco and Portland (United States), Stockholm (Sweden) and Reykjavík (Iceland). Often considered as being at the forefront of precarious working lives in previous literature, cultural workers embody the current transformation of the psychosocial impact of contemporary precarity. Ultimately, this article argues for a repoliticisation of emotions, considering them as cultural realities and not ‘just’ idiosyncrasies.
Design optimization of a three-dimensional hexagonal braiding technique
Authors: Yang Xin , Zhang Chenglong , Shao Huiqi , Bi Siyi , Xiao Yao , Jiang Jinhua , Ko Frank K , Chen Nanliang
Published: September 2024

The three-dimensional hexagonal braiding technique, utilizing an individually controllable horn gear mechanism, enables the automatic generation of a wide range of intricate fabric preforms for structural composites. However, the limited yarn-carrying capacity and the potential risk of collisions between horn gears hinder the development of this type of braiding machine. This study proposes an optimized hexagonal braiding technique to enhance the machinery and control system, aiming to improve the yarn-carrying capacity and prevent collisions. Specifically, the optimization includes modifying the switch device, developing a new algorithm for controlling each horn gear, and designing a control panel to facilitate human–computer interaction. Additionally, simulations of various fabric structures demonstrate improved braiding capability compared to traditional hexagonal braiders. Moreover, a prototype braider is assembled, capable of automatically braiding diverse fabrics using the control system, thereby demonstrating its potential to manufacture complex composite preforms.
I Bond, I Engage, I Visit: Investigating the Effects of Vloggers Tourist Engagement and Its Outcome on Tourist Attitudes
Authors: Roy Subhadip , Attri Rekha
Published: September 2024

The present study investigates the effectiveness of tourism vlogs (video blogs), the parasocial bonding between the vloggers and the tourist/prospect and the wishful identification of the tourist/prospect on the different components of engagement namely, affective, cognitive and behavioral. The study also inspects the subsequent effect of the components of engagement on visit intentions and electronic word of mouth. We adopted a mixed method approach involving two focus group discussions followed by a sample survey of 541 respondents from India to construct and validate the study hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate a differential effect of parasocial bonding and wishful identification on the components of consumer engagement. Likewise, engagement components are observed to have differential effects on visit intentions and electronic word of mouth. This study extends the application of social learning theory to tourism by offering a novel perspective on how interactions with travel vlogs collectively shape customer decisions and travel intentions. Tourism marketers can capitalize on the impact of parasocial interactions and wishful identification with travel vloggers to enhance engagement and boost the dissemination of electronic word-of-mouth.
Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potential in Otosclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pinto Anciya P. , Gunjawate Dhanshree R. , Malik Ramiz , Ravi Rohit , Kumar Kaushlendra
Published: September 2024

Background: Vestibular symptoms are noted in about 40% of the individuals with otosclerosis. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) is a short latency potential that assesses the functioning of otolithic organs in the vestibular system. Aim/Objectives: This systematic review explored the VEMP findings in individuals with otosclerosis. Material and Methods: Three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane were used to perform a systematic literature review regarding VEMP findings among individuals with otosclerosis. Results: A total of 14 studies that encompasses various VEMP parameters in otosclerosis patients were included. The air-conducted vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (AC-VEMP) often had poor response rates in otosclerosis due to conductive hearing loss. Presence of bone-conducted vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (BC-VEMP) before surgery indicated intact otolithic organs in otosclerosis. Postoperatively, presence of VEMP indicated intact vestibular structures postsurgery, while its absence could indicate vestibular trauma, though other factors like stimulus intensity or efficacy of the fitted piston could influence the results. AC-VEMP responses postsurgery suggested resolution of conductive pathology or absence of lasting effects of otosclerosis. Studies show cVEMP is more affected, indicating saccular dysfunction. Conclusion: Otosclerosis affects VEMP responses, with variations observed between AC- and BC-VEMPs. While AC-VEMP responses may be affected by conductive hearing loss, BC-VEMPs offer insights into inner ear function.
Non-Mucosa Sparing (Reboot) Surgery as a Possible Rescue Therapy in Patients Locally Unresponsive to Biologics
Authors: Pirola Francesca , Giombi Francesco , Pace Gian Marco , Cerasuolo Michele , Zuppardo Jessica , Sebastiani Martina , Giunta Gianmarco , Mercante Giuseppe , Spriano Giuseppe , Malvezzi Luca
Published: September 2024

Objective: Evaluation of effectiveness of non-mucosa-sparing (eg, reboot) surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), poorly responders to mAb therapy, who failed repeated comprehensive endoscopic surgeries. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Patients who were under mAb for a comorbid condition but still had no control over their CRSwNP were included. Data collected were preoperative tissue eosinophilia, nasal polyp score (NPS), 22-item sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22), visual analog scale (VAS) for nasal symptoms, Lund–Kennedy score for nasal crusts (LK-c) and synechiae (LK-s), and Lund–Mackay score (LMS). The same data were also collected postoperatively (at 12 months), besides LMS, and compared. Results: Overall, 20 patients were included. Pre-reboot scores were: NPS = 4.95 ± 1.70; SNOT-22 = 63.90 ± 19.15; VAS-global = 7.06 ± 1.50; LM = 19.0 ± 4.01; LK-c = 1.10 ± 0.64; and LK-s = 1.30 ± 0.73. Tissue biopsies revealed a high density of eosinophils in all cases, ≥10/HPF (range 10-60). Mean postoperative outcomes were: NPS = 0; SNOT-22 = 17.90 ± 6.80; VAS-global = 1.91 ± 1.17; LK-c = 1.45 ± 0.51; and LK-s = 1.50 ± 0.61. The difference of mean pre- and postoperative scores was significant for both NPS, SNOT-22 and VAS-global ( P < .001). No differences were observed for LK-c and LK-s ( P > .05). Nasal specimens showed markedly reduced tissue eosinophils (100% of cases). Conclusion: Reboot sinus surgery might be an effective solution for recalcitrant CRSwNP patients unresponsive to mAbs and multiple sinus surgeries.