bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creative Probes, Proxy Feelers, and Speculations on Interactive Skin
Authors: Jewitt Carey , Barker Ned , Golmohammadi Lili
Published: March 2022

This paper critically discusses the combination of creative and social research methods to generate a novel approach to explore the multimodal technoscape. This paper draws on an interdisciplinary exploratory case study on interactive skin—an emergent technology that augments and/or interacts with the skin. This paper shows how concepts from skin studies and the HCI literature can be used to draw on creative methods to think about and with the body. We describe the use of an online probe pack, a speculative research workshop and sensory research interviews using ‘proxy feelers’ to agitate the design space of interactive skin futures. We show how combining these methods provoked and expanded the scope of interactive skin from the technological to the sensory and the social. We discuss the opportunities and challenges of the research dialogues that this approach facilitated, make the case for creative methodological improvisation and exploration of emergent technologies and show how creative and social research methods can be combined to explore the interconnection between technology, society and design.
Multilayer Photonic Spiking Neural Networks: Generalized Supervised Learning Algorithm and Network Optimization
Authors: Fu Chentao , Xiang Shuiying , Han Yanan , Song Ziwei , Hao Yue
Published: March 2022

We propose a generalized supervised learning algorithm for multilayer photonic spiking neural networks (SNNs) by combining the spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) rule and the gradient descent mechanism. A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with an embedded saturable absorber (VCSEL-SA) is employed as a photonic leaky-integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron. The temporal coding strategy is employed to transform information into the precise firing time. With the modified supervised learning algorithm, the trained multilayer photonic SNN successfully solves the XOR problem and performs well on the Iris and Wisconsin breast cancer datasets. This indicates that a generalized supervised learning algorithm is realized for multilayer photonic SNN. In addition, network optimization is performed by considering different network sizes.
Stability, the Last Frontier: Forage Yield Dynamics of Peas under Two Cultivation Systems
Authors: Greveniotis Vasileios , Bouloumpasi Elisavet , Zotis Stylianos , Korkovelos Athanasios , Ipsilandis Constantinos G.
Published: March 2022

The stability of performance may be proved to be the last frontier for adopting certain genotypes in various cultivation systems and environments. The main objective of the present study was to analyze the forage yield stability performance of seven pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes based on various stability indices. The genotype behavior was studied based on the yield of peas under both conventional and low-input cultivation systems. Five cultivars of peas (broadly distributed) and two lines were used in a strip-plot design. Significant positive correlations were detected between forage yield and some other traits. This way, forage yield stability may be indirectly improved by improving certain traits showing qualitative inheritance. Comparisons revealed that genotypes exhibited stable performance, even in low-input farming systems. AMMI analysis, GGE biplot, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) combination showed statistically significant differences between genotypes and environments and the farming system. Our analysis depicted specific cultivars of peas for different areas and farming systems to attain highly stable performance. Vermio was confirmed to be a stable genotype for forage yield performance in low-input farming in Trikala and Kalambaka areas, while Pisso was indicated as the best in Florina and Giannitsa areas in low-input farming. The two pea lines exhibited stable performance in Giannitsa and Florina areas, especially in low-input conditions. The stable behavior of some genotypes in these conditions may be useful for farmers that raise livestock in mountainous areas. The genetic parameters show that the selection for fresh forage yield and dry matter yield in breeding programs is expected to be effective.
Selective Adsorption of Pb2+ in the Presence of Mg2+ by Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled MnO2/Mxene Composite Films
Authors: Qu Hongjing , Deng Jiayan , Peng Dan , Wei Tong , Zhang Hang , Peng Ruichao
Published: March 2022

A self-assembled MnO2/Mxene composite film was compounded with MXene nanosheets and layered crystalized MnO2 nanosheets using surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a soft template. The obtained material was characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, and FT-IR, which showed that the films have large surface-active functional groups and metal ion flow channels, indicating that the MnO2/Mxene composite films were capable of both the chemical and physical adsorption of the target heavy metal ions. The analysis of adsorption performance showed that the Pb2+ removal rate reached 98.3% at pH 6 and an initial Pb2+ concentration of 30 mg/L, while the maximum adsorption capacity could reach 1235 µmol/g. In addition, the MnO2/Mxene composite film had specific selectivity and recyclability. The reuse study verified that the Pb2+ removal rate reached 96.4% after five cycles, confirming that the MnO2/Mxene composite films had practical application prospects.
Effect of Surface Roughness on the Performance of a Shallow Spiral Groove Liquid Mechanical Seal
Authors: Chen Huilong , Chen Yingjian , Han Ting , Fu Yanxia , Cheng Qian , Wei Zepeng , Zhao Bingjuan
Published: March 2022

Because surface roughness is similar to the size of the sealing gap in terms of scale, the effect of surface roughness on sealing performance must be considered. A calculation model determining the micro-gap flow and surface roughness is used to prove that the existence of surface roughness can effectively improve the sealing performance and that it can especially improve the opening force. The results indicated that the opening force of the lubrication film increases as the surface roughness increases and that the growth rate increases as the rotating speed increases. Due to different roughness sensitivities, the opening force increases differently in different parts of the seal. With regard to leakage, the roughness of the rotating ring’s grooved zone only increases the negative leakage when the rotating speed is higher than 8000 rpm. When the non-grooved zone of the rotating ring is rough, it can inhibit the negative leakage flow and cause the negative leakage to become positive when the rotating speed is higher than 1000 rpm. When the end face of the stationary ring is rough, the amount of leakage decreases. Furthermore, the surface roughness increases the friction torque when the rotating speed is higher than 5000 rpm. When the rotating speed is in the range of 1000–10,000 rpm, the roughness of the non-grooved area and the end face of the rotating ring increase the opening force by 2.40~57.94% and 3.55~69.33%, respectively. Meanwhile, by defining SF and SQ, a scheme for providing sealing performance is provided.
Stakeholder Capitalism, the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), and Sustainable Development: Issues to Be Resolved
Authors: Mhlanga David
Published: March 2022

Stakeholder capitalism is gaining traction among academics and management practitioners in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The World Economic Forum (WEF) embraced stakeholder capitalism as the key principle guiding the summit’s subject and the organizations’ focus at its 50th annual meeting in Davos 2020. In addition, the Business Roundtable issued a new declaration that articulates the corporation’s new purpose, which was endorsed by 181 chief executive officers (CEOs), who pledged to lead their companies for the benefit of all stakeholders. In this context, the study analyzed and reviewed the stakeholder capitalism theory to better understand the challenges that will need to be addressed if it is embraced as a philosophy to guide corporate management in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The study, using the document analysis technique, concludes that embracing stakeholder capitalism can lead to the achievement of sustainable development and the various sustainable development goals. However, it was revealed that there are still several challenges that are linked to the ideas of stakeholder capitalism that need to be addressed before it can become a core ideology for corporate management. For instance, the issues around: stakeholder capitalism and positive contributions; the fact that meeting stakeholder expectations may not guarantee long-term viability; the challenge of balancing the needs of companies and stakeholders; the definition of a “stakeholder”, which is not clear in theory; the purpose and character of the company and the duties of managers, which are also unclear; and there is a lack of a theoretical base to describe the company’s behavior, among the other issues that were raised. As a result, when embracing stakeholder capitalism as a major element that will deliver healthy capitalism and sustainable development, it is critical to understand these significant flaws.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Bacteria Commonly Isolated from Farmed Salmonids in Atlantic Canada (2000–2021)
Authors: Ojasanya Rasaq Abiola , Gardner Ian A. , Groman David B. , Saksida Sonja , Saab Matthew E. , Thakur Krishna Kumar
Published: March 2022

Bacterial infection and antimicrobial resistance are important constraints in the production and sustainability of farmed salmonids. This retrospective study aimed to describe the frequency of bacterial isolates and antimicrobial resistance profiles in salmonid aquaculture in Atlantic Canada. Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results assessed by disk diffusion testing were summarized for 18,776 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) samples from 2291 unique cases submitted to the Atlantic Veterinary College, Aquatic Diagnostic Services Bacteriology Laboratory from 2000 to 2021. Kidney was the most commonly submitted tissue (60.29%, n = 11,320), and these specimens were mostly submitted as swabs (63.68%, n = 11,957). The most prevalent pathogens detected in these cases were Yersinia ruckeri type 1 (5.54%, n = 127), Renibacterium salmoninarum (2.10%, n = 48), Aeromonas salmonicida (atypical) (1.66%, n = 38), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (1.22%, n = 28). Most bacterial isolates tested (n = 918) showed resistance to florfenicol, oxytetracycline, ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but not to enrofloxacin. This report provides baseline data for antimicrobial surveillance programs that investigate emerging antimicrobial resistance trends in salmonid aquaculture in Atlantic Canada.
Digital currency accounting in healthcare
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Chkhutiashvili Lela V.
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the digital currency as a modern challenge to the digital transformation of the Russian economy and the order of its reflection in accounting for healthcare institutions. The introduction of digital currency has a number of features, advantages of introduction: high speed of transactions, reduction of their cost, which is useful for both businesses and citizens, as well as a high level of security of currency transactions, since digital currency is created in the form of a digital code that cannot be forged, and can also be tracked by a specially assigned number. In addition, the digital ruble will allow operations to be carried out throughout Russia, even in remote areas, both online and offline, and competition will improve the quality of service by banks to their customers in healthcare institutions and increase the level of banking service.
Digitalization government sectors: economic and social aspects
Authors: Pirogova T. .. , Ilinykh Yu. ..
Published: March 2022

The potential contribution of the state to innovation and the creation of a digital economy needs to be understood now more than ever. The state is under attack, and its role in innovation and technological transformation is increasingly being questioned and changing in many countries. The article discusses areas in which the state must succeed for the development of the national ecosystem of digital transformation and the construction of an innovative and comprehensive digital economy.
Transport tax in Russia: new approaches to calculation
Authors: Shumyatskiy R. ..
Published: March 2022

The quantitative characteristics of passenger transport in the Novosibirsk region and the amount of the accrued transport tax are investigated. The analysis of the taxation of passenger cars is carried out. Some aspects of imperfection and inefficiency of motor transport taxation are shown. Recommendations for changing the taxation system of road transport are presented.
Business lending: trends and results
Authors: Kolyada N. . , Ilinykh Yu. .
Published: March 2022

Credit activity is the main type of active operations of banks and should ensure the transformation of savings into investments and capital. The provision of business with credit resources of the subjects of the banking sector is an important factor in its development. The macroeconomic analysis of the functioning of the banking system shows that the Bank of Russia continues to regulate the lending activities of banks, without stimulating it to increase the volume of lending to non-financial organizations, while the volume of lending to the population is still growing. Thus, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation contributes to the development of negative social trends (property stratification, unemployment growth, etc.) and weakens the competitiveness of national business entities. Moreover, such regulation creates prerequisites for the emergence of crisis situations in the country.
To the question of improving the activities of the investment adviser and the independent financial adviser
Authors: Dekanova K. .
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of investment advisors and independent financial advisors. An explanation is given why it is necessary to operate exclusively with the concepts of "investment adviser" and "independent financial adviser". The article deals with two main problems. The first problem is related to the variety of concepts used in the theory and practice of a professional activity in the field of financial (investment) consulting, and the rationale for the need for their unification. As part of the disclosure of the problem, synonymous names of activities in the field of financial consulting on investing funds of private clients - individuals are considered. The second problem is related to the regulation of the activities of investment advisors and independent financial advisors. The legitimacy of an independent financial adviser's activities is being investigated. Proposals have been developed to improve the mechanisms for regulating the activities of investment advisors and independent financial advisors. A growing interest in the activities of independent specialists in the financial market has been revealed. It manifests itself both on the part of consumers - private investors (individuals), and on the part of performers in the form of an increasing number of independent financial advisors and those who aspire to engage in such activities in the future.
Budget expenditures:selective efficiency assessment
Authors: Frumina S. .
Published: March 2022

The subject of the research is the financial resources allocated from the federal budget in the form of subsidies. The purpose of the article is to assess the effectiveness of funds allocated from the federal budget in the form of subsidies; criterion - compliance of the purpose of granting a subsidy with the name of the CWR, the results of providing funds for the same type of subsidies and recipients of subsidies. The article discusses the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of budgetary expenditures to support legal entities; the effectiveness of budget expenditures was assessed using the example of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency for Air Transport, etc. When writing the article, the methods of comparative analysis, induction and deduction were used. Based on the results of the analysis, the author formulated conclusions related to the need to increase the efficiency of spending budget funds to support legal entities and to agree on the wording of the effectiveness of the allocation of subsidies in different documents.
Taxation of personal income in the contextof the national socially oriented tax policy
Authors: Nadezhdina S. . , Chistyakova O. .
Published: March 2022

The article examines the issues of socially oriented tax policy in the taxation of personal income in Russia on the basis of historical domestic and current foreign experience; suggests measures to increase the level of economic security of low-income citizens and compliance with the principle of fairness.
New art works made of ivory and bone animals from the Upper Palaeolithic site of Kostenki 11 (Russian Plain)
Authors: Akhmetgaleeva Natalya B. , Dudin Aleksandr E.
Published: March 2022

This paper presents the results of the context analysis, technological methods of manufacture and features of the art objects from the new collection of the osseous industry recently excavated at the Upper Palaeolithic site “ Kostenki-11”, Cultural Layer 1a, undertaken by I. V. Fedunin and A. E. Dudin (2014– 2018). These objects are several decorated hoes with a double-bevelled end, a bead made from a mammoth’s tusk and also stylized objects fashioned from pieces of animal long bone walls. All of them bear some traces of use-wear. We identified a number of technological procedures, employed during their manufacture, each of which lent them semantic significance.
The Glina-type flanged axes revisited
Authors: Băjenaru Radu
Published: March 2022

The Glina-type flanged axes were acknowledged as such in 1975 by Alexandru Vulpe. Seventeen artefacts of this type exist up to the present moment, distributed in south-eastern Transylvania and south of the Carpathians, mainly in the Olt and Argeș basins. The finds here suggest the presence of several typological variants, while their inclusion in one main type is indicated by their general aspect and proportions. All are cast in closed bivalve moulds with the metal poured through the butt. Some were subjected to compositional analyses, such as the axe from Râșnov (cat. no. 14) with 5% Sn. In the case of two artefacts, the conditions of discovery are unknown, three are isolated finds, two are part of a hoard alongside a shaft-hole axe, and the remaining nine originate from various occupation contexts. Geographically-wise, two finds from south-eastern Transylvania come from Schneckenberg or Jigodin-type contexts and seven artefacts recovered south of the Carpathians originate from Glina-type settlements. We may thus conclude that the Glina-type flanged axes represent a consistent group, well individualised in time and space. They constitute one of the arguments (alongside the Dumbrăvioara-type shaft-hole axes, the Runcuri-type pottery etc.) for the very close links between the Glina-type communities and those on the Upper Olt Basin, within a chronological horizon dated, most probably, between 2700 and 2500 BC.
Assessment of The Presence of sas Family Genes and Their Relationship with Biofilm Formation among Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolates
Authors: Hasani Alka , Dehghani Leila , Soltani Elghar , Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo Hamed
Published: March 2022

Background: The success of Staphylococcus aureus is as an important human pathogen is probably due to possession of various virulence determinants. Attachment and biofilm formation is considered the main step in any infection. The present study aimed to determine the presence of S. aureus surface (sas) genes and their association with biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Methods: S. aureus isolates collected were analyzed for biofilm formation using polystyrene microtitre plates. All S. aureus isolates were also examined for the determination of sas genes by PCR assays and antibiotic susceptibility assay by disk diffusion method. Results: Biofilm formation assay revealed that 29 S.aureus isolates were weak biofilm producers, 57 had moderate biofilm production, while only five isolates showed strong biofilm formation. The biofilm production was not revealed among nine isolates. The frequency of sas genes were 95 (88%), 94 (87%), 94 (87%), 92 (85.2%), 98 (90.7%), 93 (86.1%), 97 (89.8%), 87 (80.6%), and 85 (78.7%) for sasF, sasA, sasC, sasE, sasG, sasH, sasI, sasJ, and sasK genes, respectively. Conclusion: High incidence of biofilm production was noticed in S.aureus strains positive for sas genes indicating the precise role of them as virulence-associated genes. Moreover, phenotypically weak or moderate biofilm formation can be well managed by antibiotic therapeutics and allow timely elimination of planktonic cells prior biofilm production.
The Effects of Surgery on Leukocyte Vitamin C Concentrations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Travica Nikolaj , Ried Karin , Hudson Irene , Scholey Andrew , Pipingas Andrew , Sali Avni
Published: March 2022

Abstract Background Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a micronutrient imperative for many bodily functions, with research revealing its functional support of leukocytes. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effects of surgery on leukocyte vitamin C concentrations by assessing the amount and longevity of post-operative leukocyte vitamin C change. Data Sources We searched the PUBMED, SCOPUS, SciSearch and the Cochrane Library databases for relevant research papers. Studies were included until January 2022, with no time limits. Studies that reported means and standard deviations of leukocyte/buffer layer vitamin C concentrations before and after surgery were included into the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis comprised of eight studies. Results Seven studies (which included 8 individual studies) were included into our meta-analysis. Combined data from the meta-analysis displayed a significant depletion in mean leukocyte vitamin C concentrations during the first 24 hours following the surgery by a mean of 5.37 µg/108 (32.3%) (CI = -6.35, -4.40) (n = 6, p < 0.001) and during the first post-operative week by 4.43 µg/108 (23%) (-7.27, -1.58) (n = 7, p < 0.001). However, this depletion was followed by an uprise in mean ascorbic acid leukocyte concentrations of 0.93 µg/108 (4.8%) (-0.79, 2.66) (n = 6, p = 0.29) at 7 days (or beyond) post-operatively. Conclusion Significant post-operative leukocyte vitamin C depletions were particularly observed during the first post-operative week. Further research is required to validate the observed results and to determine whether the observed depletions may be linked to compromised immunological function and pathophysiologies that arise during the post-operative period.
Protective Effects of Mirazid on Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats through Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, JNK1/ iNOS, and Apoptotic Pathways; Novel Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Antar Samar , Al-Karmalawy Ahmed Ali , Mourad Ahmed , Mourad Magda , Elbadry Mennaallah , Saber Sameh , Khodir Ahmed
Published: March 2022

Background: As the use of Gentamicin became more widespread, the drug's harmful effects, particularly nephrotoxicity, became increasingly well-known. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties have long been associated with Mirazid. This study aimed to investigate the frameworks for the protection of Mirazid against nephrotoxicity triggered by Gentamicin. Methods: Male albino rats were divided into three groups; the normal group received only saline. Nephrotoxicity was induced by Gentamicin (100 mg/kg; i.p.) for 10 days in the second group. In the third group; Mirazid (10 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered for 10 days before receiving Gentamicin. This was done to investigate the kidney/body weight index, serum creatinine, urea, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Glutathione (GSH) levels. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining was done to study Jun N- terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and caspase3 expressions along with histopathological changes. Additionally, a molecular docking study was performed for the seventeen isolated and identified compounds from myrrh, which is an oleo-gum resin obtained from the Commiphora species of plants (Burseraceae) against JNK1. Results: The Gentamicin group showed an increase in kidney/body weight index, serum creatinine, urea, LDH, and MDA, while decreasing GSH levels. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining revealed increased JNK1, iNOS, and caspase3 expressions along with histopathological changes. Mirazid showed a significant decrease in all of these parameters and restored oxidant/antioxidant hemostasis. In addition, it has significantly preserved the histopathological architecture of tissues. Concerning the docking study, the isolated compound (12) was found to be superior to the co-crystallized inhibitor (18) with a binding score of -7.19 kcal/mol compared to -6.95, respectively. Conclusion: Current data demonstrated that Mirazid represented a viable approach to suppress the nephrotoxicity produced by Gentamycin through inhibiting JNK1/ iNOS pathways, thus preserving kidney function. Mirazid prophylactic efficacy is assumed to be due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic qualities.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Newer 1h-Benzo[b][1,5]diazepin-2(3h)-One Derivatives as Potential Anticonvulsant Agents
Authors: Rishipathak Dinesh D , Patil Dipak , Chikhale Hemant U
Published: March 2022

Background: Regardless of the availability of all novel and earlier treatments, seizure control is notoriously complicated. In the hopes of discovering the latest and ultimate therapy, medicinal chemists will keep on to hunt for new antiepileptic compounds with high specificity and low CNS toxicity. The biological effects of benzodiazepine compounds have been examined. Benzene and a diazepine ring are fused together to form the chemical structure. Diverse combinations of moieties attached to the innermost structure in positions 1, 2, 5, and 7 the pharmacological qualities, effect potency, and pharmacokinetic conditions are all influenced by the various side groups. Method: This paper describes the synthesis of several 1H-benzo[b][1,5]diazepin-2(3H)-one derivatives. The substituents at N1 are benzoyl, 5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles-2-yl-aminoacetyl. Condensation of orthophenylene diamine with ethyl acetoacetate gave 7-substituted-4-methyl-1H-benzo[b][1,5]diazepin-2(3H)-ones, which were then linked to benzoyl chloride and chloroacetyl chloride to yield N1-benzoyl and N1-chloroacetyl derivatives. N1- chloroacetyl derivatives were further linked with 5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles amines using microwave irradiation. Result: IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy were used to authenticate the synthesized compounds. The PTZ produced convulsions method was used to test the compounds for anticonvulsant activity. Compounds 4a and 4c gave 80% protection at 0.4 mg/kg, whereas Compounds 2a and 2c offered 80% protection at 20 and 30 mg/kg, respectively, when compared to the Control. Conclusion: When compared to a control, the experimental synthesis and pharmacological assessment of the 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one moiety replaced with 1,3,4-thiadiazole yields a potentially active anticonvulsant drug.
Suggestions for changing professional ethics educational system
Authors: Mahdavinoor Seyyed Hatam , Jadidi Miandashti Azam , Mahdavinoor Seyyed Muhammad Mahdi
Published: March 2022

Background: Professional ethics is of great importance in health-related fields, and observation of professional ethics by the treatment staff will lead to increased patient satisfaction. Legislators have attempted to improve adherence to professional ethics by compiling codes of ethics and holding professional ethics classes in universities. Despite these efforts to develop such codes of ethics, treatment staff do not always fully comply with professional ethics, leading to decreases in patient satisfaction. Methods: Based on the authors’ experiences and related studies, we present several suggestions for improving the observation of professional ethics among treatment staff. Results: Strategies that can help improve ethical-behavioral patterns among treatment staff are as follows: Changing university entrance examinations, increasing professional ethics credits, teaching ethics regardless of religion, teaching the history of medicine, logotherapy of students during their university years, training in psychology as the core of medical education programs, and reformulating the incentive and punishment system. Conclusion: It is required to make specific changes in the selection method and training of treatment staff to enhance client satisfaction. These recommendations are given according to the health system of Iran, but they can also be used in other countries.
From Medley to Magnificence: Developing Problem Solving Skills in Biochemistry
Authors: Padmasree D. , Yadav Anurag
Published: March 2022

Background: Medical students need problem-solving skills because these are crucial in diagnosing cases in the future. This study aimed to improve medical students’ problemsolving abilities through analysis, reasoning, and application. Methods: A four-month prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at MNR Medical College and Hospital (March to June 2021). Six case scenarios were developed and created in PowerPoint. Each scenario was broken down into the following sections: title, history, clinical findings, investigations, and treatment. The slides were arranged randomly to produce a medley which was then shown to the students. They were tasked with sorting the slides and diagnosing each case. Student responses were gathered using a Google Forms questionnaire. Results: The number of participants who completed the activity within the stipulated time was 132. The majority of students (85%) scored over 80% in the activity. The activity was interesting (63.6%), promoted active learning (65.2%), helped students correlate the different aspects of the case scenario and make a diagnosis (69.7%), helped build problembased skills, and activated prior knowledge (71.2%), improved clinical orientation to the curriculum (65.2%), exposed students to aspects of the diseases not dealt with in the classroom (40.9%), students felt such an activity should be required of future students (68.2%). Conclusion: This novel learning method of integrating case scenarios using a digital platform provided multiple opportunities for testing and developing skills necessary for clinical practice. The fact that the activity was well received by students strengthens the argument to create additional activities of this type that may be applied to any topic.
A Study to Assess Clinical Value of Varicose Veins Conservative Treatment in Pregnancy
Authors: Тихонович Е.В. , Можейко Л.Ф.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлены результаты собственного исследования, целью которого явилась оценка эффективности системной фармакотерапии препаратами на основе диосмина 450 мг с геспередином 50 мг в сочетании с компрессионной терапией у беременных с варикозной болезнью вен нижних конечностей и варикозным расширением вен промежности. В ходе проведенной работы было выполнено комплексное клинико-лабораторное исследование у 140 беременных (95 женщин с варикозной болезнью и 45 здоровых беременных женщин) на клинической базе УО «БГМУ» (Минск, Беларусь). В результате проведенного исследования нами установлено положительное влияние предложенной схемы лечения как на субъективные проявления варикозной болезни (индекс качества жизни по опроснику CIVIQ-20 на фоне проводимого лечения составил 35,7±8,6, р=0,01), так и на лабораторные маркеры дисфункции эндотелия – уровень VEGF в сыворотке крови 24 (20–27) пг/мл vs. 26 (21–29) пг/мл, p=0,04, уровень эндотелина-1 – 5 (4,5–6) пг/мл vs. 6,5 (5–7,4) пг/мл, p=0,01. Целесообразно со 2-го триместра беременности рекомендовать прием флеботропных препаратов на основе флавоноидов в сочетании с компрессионной терапией у беременных с варикозной болезнью вен нижних конечностей класса С2а–С2s (CEAP), а также при вульварном и промежностном варикозе.

The article presents the results of our own research aimed at providing that the measurement of VEGF and endothelin-1 in pregnant patients with varicose veins is essential for conservative treatment effectiveness assessment. The research included 95 pregnant women who underwent complex clinic and laboratory screening in obstetrics and gynecology department of Belarusian State Medical University (Minsk, Belarus) during 2018-2019. It was found that the concentration of VEGF and endothelin-1 increased along with disease severity in women with varicose veins.A significant fall of VEGF (26 (21–29) pg/ml vs. 24 (20–27) pg/ml, p=0.04) and endothelin-1 (6,5 (5–7,4) pg/mL vs. 5 (4,5–6) pg/mL, p=0.04) circulating was reported in women with conservative management of varicose disease including proper elastic support and pharmacotherapy. A moderate positive correlation was revealed in women with varicose veins between hs-CRP level and BMI (r=0,4, p=0,01, n=110). Conclusion: some markers of endothelial dysfunction are increased in varicosevein bloodthat may promote further progression of the disease and thrombotic complications.The management of varicose veins during pregnancy should be by conservative means and consist of proper elastic support, phlebotonics, elevation of the extremities at night and during rest periods in the day, avoiding static dependency of the legs, and control of body weight.
Büyükşehirlerde Belde Belediyesinden Mahalleye Dönüşüm Sonrasında Yerel Kamu Hizmetlerinin Sunumundan Memnuniyet: Ordu, Tekirdağ, Manisa ve Mardin Örnekleri
Authors: KAYAR İsmail , GÖRÜN Mustafa
Published: March 2022

Türkiye’de büyükşehir belediye yönetimlerinin genel çerçevesini çizen kanun, 5216 sayılı Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kanunu’dur. Ayrıca 2012 yılında çıkarılan ve 2014 yılından itibaren uygulanmaya başlanan 6360 sayılı Kanun ile büyükşehir belediye yönetimleri üzerinde önemli değişiklikler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kanun kapsamında Türkiye’deki büyükşehir sayısı 30’a yükselmiş, büyükşehir ve ilçe belediyelerinin sınırları mülki sınırlara kadar genişletilmiş, büyükşehirlerdeki il özel idarelerinin tüzel kişilikleri kaldırılmış, köy ve belde belediyeleri mahalleye dönüştürülmüş, ilçe ve büyükşehir belediyelerinin mali yapıları ile görev ve yetkileri yeniden düzenlenmiştir.

Araştırmanın konusu, 6360 sayılı Kanun öncesinde belde belediyesi iken Kanun sonrasında mahalleye dönüştürülen yerlerin yerel kamu hizmetlerinin sunumundan memnuniyetidir. Araştırmanın tasarımı, “6360 sayılı Kanun, büyükşehirlerde belde belediyesinden mahalleye dönüştürülen yerlerde yerel kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunu nasıl etkilemiştir?” problemi üzerine kurulmuştur. Araştırmanın amacı, kendilerine yakın yerel yönetim birimlerinin kapatılması sonrasında daha uzak birimlerden hizmet almak durumunda kalan vatandaşların hizmetlerin kalitesinden memnuniyetlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 6360 sayılı Kanun ile büyükşehir statüsü elde eden 14 il oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma örneklemleri ise Ordu, Tekirdağ, Manisa ve Mardin büyükşehirleridir. Araştırma, nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma deseni olarak çoklu/kolektif örnek olay araştırması tercih edilmiştir. Veriler görüşme tekniği kullanılarak toplanmış ve MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2020 nitel analiz programı ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları ışığında araştırma sonucunda, belde belediyesinden mahalleye dönüştürülen yerlerin yeni sistemde ilçe ve büyükşehir belediyelerinden aldığı hizmetlerin kalitesinden memnun olmadığı tespitine ulaşılmıştır.
Psikolojik Ayrıcalık: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: AKSOY KÜRÜ Seval
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışma, Campbell ve arkadaşları (2004) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Psikolojik Ayrıcalık Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması kapsamında geçerlilik ve güvenirlik değerine ilişkin bulguları içermektedir. Ölçek uyarlama çalışması iki farklı örneklemden (n1= 206, n2= 255) edinilen veriler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde, ölçeğin orijinal ölçekteki faktör yapılanmasına uygun bir biçimde tek boyuttan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, kişiliğin karanlık üçlüsü ölçeğinden yararlanılarak, ölçeğin ölçüt bağımlı geçerliliği test edilmiştir. Güvenilirlik analizleri neticesinde birinci örneklem için 0,849; ikinci örneklem için 0,857 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, uyarlaması yapılan psikolojik ayrıcalık ölçeğinin Türkiye örgütsel davranış alanında geçerli ve güvenilir nitelikte olduğunu göstermiştir.
Türkiye’de Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Enerji Tüketimi, Kişi Başına Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hâsıla ve Karbondioksit (Co2) Emisyonu İlişkisine Yönelik Ampirik Bulgular
Authors: DEMİR Yusuf
Published: March 2022

Ülke içerisinde, toplumun ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak olan kaynakların kıt olması, dışarıdan kaynak temini zorunlu kılar. Bu kaynak transferinin en arzulanan yolu belki de doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar olduğundan, ekonomi ile olan ilişkisi çevreye zarar vermeden ve sürdürülebilirliği sağlayabilecek nitelikte olmalıdır. Temel doğal kaynakların korunarak ekonomik büyümenin gerçekleştirilmesi sürdürülebilir büyüme açısından önemi yadsınamaz. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmadaki temel gaye, literatürde de kullanıldığı şekliyle karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonu ile net doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, enerji tüketimi, kişi başına gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla ilişkisini 1974-2015 döneminde yıllık veriler kullanılarak Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi ile Türkiye için araştırmaktır. Sonuç olarak enerji tüketimindeki artışın, CO2 emisyonunda bir artışa neden olduğu, ayrıca, CO2 emisyonundan enerji tüketimine doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik olduğu görülmüştür. Net doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ile CO2 emisyonu arasında bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Kişi başına düşen gelirdeki bir artış ise, CO2’de bir azalışa neden olur. Bunla hem kişi başına düşen gelirden CO2’ye, hem de CO2’den kişi başına düşen gelire doğru çift yönlü nedensellik vardır.
Avrupa Birliği Katılım Öncesi Mali Yardım Aracı Fonlarının Türkiye Kırsalının Kalkındırılmasındaki Rolü: Çanakkale İli Örneği
Authors: KARA Mustafa
Published: March 2022

Kalkınma olgusu, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında, başta Avrupa ülkeleri olmak üzere dünyanın en önemli gündem maddelerinden biri haline gelmiştir. Savaş nedeniyle kalkınması duran Avrupa ülkeleri, süper güç haline gelen Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin desteğiyle, yeniden hızlı bir kalkınma sürecine girmişlerdir. Bilim, sanayi, teknoloji ve sermaye alanlarında geçmişten gelen tecrübe ve birikime sahip Avrupa ülkeleri sanayi ve teknoloji temelli kalkınma hamlelerini kısa sürede tamamlamışlardır. Avrupa ülkelerinin sahip oldukları kalkınma altyapısından mahrum olan ve tarımsal nitelikleri ağır basan gelişmekte olan ülkeler için ise kırsal kalkınma modelleri önerilmiştir. Buna göre, gelişmiş ülkeler bilim, sanayi, teknoloji, sermaye ve finans alanlarına yatırım yapacaklar, gelişmekte olan ülkeler ise gıda, tarım ve hayvancılık yatırımlarıyla kalkınmaya katkıda bulunacaklardır. Bu çerçevede 1950’lerden itibaren Birleşmiş Milletler, Dünya Bankası ve Avrupa Birliği gibi örgütler kalkınma-kırsal kalkınma alanlarındaki girişimleriyle ve ayırdıkları fonlarla gelişmekte olan ülkelerin kırsal kalkınma faaliyetlerini desteklemektedirler. Bu kapsamda, araştırmanın amacı, Avrupa Birliği’nin kırsal kalkınma desteklerinden IPARD-Katılım Öncesi Mali Yardım Aracı fonlarının Türkiye kırsalının kalkındırılmasında rolü olup olmadığının ortaya konmasıdır. Araştırma kapsamına, Türkiye’de IPARD fonlarından destek alan tüm iller ve sektörler girmekle birlikte, çalışmanın nitel bir araştırma şeklinde planlanması, zaman ve maliyet kısıtları nedeniyle araştırma Çanakkale ilindeki en fazla destek alan yedi sektör ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Araştırma verileri görüşme yöntemiyle elde edilmiş, içerik analizine tabi tutularak çözümlenmiştir. Veri analizinde MAXQDA-The Art of Data Analysis Programından yararlanılmıştır. Sonuçta, Çanakkale ili özelinde IPARD Fonlarının en önemli katkısının ekonomik olduğu görülmüştür. Fonların dağıtımında bürokratik işlemlerin fazlalığı, proje danışmanlık faaliyetlerinin yetersizliği ve proje takviminin net olmamasından kaynaklanan sorunların yaşandığı anlaşılmıştır. Proje sürecinde yaşanan sorunların IPARD fonlarından yararlanan proje sahiplerini olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
El fin de la época neoliberal en México y el proyecto transformador del nuevo gobierno de Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, López Villafañe Víctor
Published: March 2022

Para entender el significado histórico del proyecto de gobierno denominado Cuarta Transformación, encabezado por el presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador desde diciembre de 2018, se requiere examinar los procesos políticos y económicos del devenir del capitalismo en México en el largo plazo. El proyecto de gobierno pretende recomponer el capitalismo y su ingrediente principal es una reforma social mediante la redistribución de las prioridades del presupuesto federal. El programa económico se basa en el nuevo «desarrollismo» mediante la función del Estado como palanca generadora de actividades económicas que redunden en un mayor crecimiento. La orientación ideológica emana del nacionalismo revolucionario para configurar un movimiento que vincula la Independencia, la Reforma, la Revolución mexicana y el cardenismo. El proceso toma lugar en medio de los cambios impuestos por el agotamiento mundial del ciclo neoliberal, una fase salvaje de concentración de riqueza y despojos sustentados en la superexplotación obrera, el desempleo por la nueva revolución tecnológica, la concentración de la riqueza financiera y la creciente monopolización de la producción y distribución de bienes.
Caracterización de jugos cítricos
Authors:   , Crivaro Norberto Oscar
Published: March 2022

Los jugos de frutos cítricos (sobre todo de naranja, limón, pomelo) han adquirido desde hace muchos años una importancia cada vez mayor, desde el punto de vista bromatológico, representando su comercialización una cifra muy interesante y su fiscalización analítica un problema no totalmente resuelto y en consecuencia, motivo de múltiples investigaciones científicas, sobre todo en el extranjero. Las distintas especies de plantas, así como sus variedades, ofrecen composición química variada en el jugo de los frutos respectivos, no estando exenta la influencia de los suelos donde se cultivan, así como las infecciones que pueden sufrir por el ataque de distintos agentes microbianos. Nos ha parecido que podía ser interesante el estudio de los jugos da naranja, limón y pomelo, con la idea de contribuir a conocer su composición química y la posible aplicación en el análisis con criterio bromatológico.
METHODS FOR REPRESENTATION OF RADICAL CONTENT UNDER STATE ANTI-EXTREMIST CENSORSHIP ON THE MATERIAL OF VKONTAKTE SOCIAL NETWORK
Authors: Kashpur V.V. , Baryshev A.A. , Chudinov S.I. , Shchekotin E.V. , Serbina G.N.
Published: March 2022

The study aims to identify the forms and ways of representing the radical content of the ideologies of right-wing radicalism, Islamic radicalism and left-wing radicalism in conditions of state anti-extremist censorship on the material of the social network VKontakte. The research object is the radical texts and visual content of the studied ideologies posted on the Vkontakte. The research subject is the forms and methods of representation of this radical content under the conditions of state anti-extremist censorship. Content identification methods are structural links search, automatic content analysis, and natural language processing. To identify the forms and ways of implementing the representation of radical content, a combination of qualitative sociological methods and technologies for automatic analysis of texts are used. As a result of the identification of radical content, a list of 169 communities is compiled with a total number of 1,378,717 profiles. Communities of supporters of the right-wing radical are formed on the basis of rejection and protest against certain phenomena and processes of modern society. The difference from the resources, sharing the view and value system of traditional Islam, for radical Salafi communities is a pronounced emphasis on topics that separate “true believers” from the rest of the social world, mired in atheism, sins and social problems. The discourse of Russian left-wing radicals in VKontakte is associated with support for political protest actions and the propaganda of forms of self-organization of the population and production collectives in opposition to the bureaucratic tardiness of the authorities and the arbitrariness of corporate management. The general conspiracy frame of the left-wing radicals is the participation of the government in a conspiracy of world elites to destroy the productive forces, science, culture and social sphere of Russia and the exposure of liberals as agents of imperialism.
THE WESTERN BALKANS IN THE LINE OF ATLANTICISM POLICY
Authors: Pushkareva V.V.
Published: March 2022

The policy of the "Collective West" with respect to the Western Balkans is determined by the geostrategic significance of the region in world politics. The ability to control this territory gives the powers significant political, economic, and military advantages. The EU and NATO have become centres of attraction for the Western Balkan countries since the beginning of the 90s of the twentieth century, offering them prospects for modernization and democratization, promising to finance reforms, create investment opportunities and grant full membership in the "club of the rich". In reality, the democratic prospect has not improved the situation in the region, it has not ceased the hostility of peoples, and it has not built a stable economy. The aspiration of the Euro-Atlanticists to consolidate the results of the victory in the Cold War, to prevent Russia's revenge and China’s strengthening has led to the expansion of the military and political presence, and it contributes to the escalation of tension now. The lack of unity between the EU and the USA on the future of Kosovo, Republika Srpska as part of Bosnia and Herzegovina is fraught with a new revision of borders in the Balkans.
Kalem Şeklinin İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Yazma Hızına Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: HALICI Büşra , BABAYIGIT Ozgur
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı kalem şeklinin ilkokul öğrencilerinin yazma hızına etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden deneme modeli kullanılmıştır. Yarı deneme modellerinden rotasyon modeli uygulanmıştır. Araştırma evrenini Yozgat il merkezinde öğrenim gören ilkokul öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Küme örnekleme yöntemi ile üç ilkokul tespit edilmiştir. Bu ilkokullardaki 419 öğrenciden veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yazma hızı tespit formu kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan kalem şekilleri altıgen, üçgen ve yuvarlak kalemdir. Öğrencilerin 30 dakika boyunca, veri toplama aracında belirtilen cümleyi yazmaları sağlanmıştır. Altıgen kalem ile ilkokul öğrencilerinin dakikada 41 harf, üçgen kalem ile dakikada 47 harf, yuvarlak kalem ile 49 harf yazdığı belirlenmiştir. İlkokul öğrencilerinin yuvarlak kalemle yazılan harf sayısı, altıgen ve üçgen kalemle yazılan harf sayısı arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmaktadır (p