bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The algorithm to ensure and implement the strategy of the effective management of innovation processes
Authors: Asmolova M. S. , Dedov S. V.
Published: March 2019

We considered the implementation of the effective management strategy of the innovation process from the point of view of its integration and existing problems. We have marked the role of priorities that explain the interrelation of the levels of the state planning and the innovation processes management of socio-economic systems. We have shown the substantive part of the strategic planning and the role of the tools ensuring the achievement of goals and objectives of innovation processes. We have summarized the content of the strategic planning. The research results of the tools role determined the conditions of the innovation infrastructure formation and the list of its components. We used the following tools for the analysis: direct government influence; unity of monetary and fiscal policies; consolidated revenue policy; reforming of the conditions, the traditions and the practices of interaction between the banking and real sectors of the national economy. We applied a retrospective approach during the analysis of the innovation infrastructure algorithm. The authors made the correction of the analysis using the concept of national innovation systems (NIS). We made the conclusions based on the author’s point of view due to the lack of a generalized definition and the methodology of the NIS in the academic literature. We proposed a lineal algorithm that provides and implements the strategy of managing the innovation processes, as well as the tools. We highlighted the factors that prevent the problems in the formation of an effective management, and we have also pointed out that it is necessary to take into account the specific conditions of the country, its trends and challenges. Based on the analysis, we named the additional features to trace the management problems. We suggested the measures to ensure the greatest effectiveness of the implementation of the effective management strategy from the standpoint of mentality and timeliness. The author's algorithm has been justified as the most feasible in the modern conditions, revealing the existing interrelations between the subjects of the innovation process.
Sustainable development as an alternative goal of economic actors in modern society
Authors: Lvova M. I. , Bakunova T. V. , Koltsova T. A.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the content of the category “sustainable development”. Through the understanding of the signs of sustainable development, the goals of economic entities are substantiated, the directions of transformation of the economic system in accordance with the goals of sustainable development are determined. The goal of modern society is to make more and more profit. The current crisis reveals the limits of profit: markets are becoming global, and further expansion of production is impossible, and credit opportunities to expand demand are becoming limited, which, in turn, are limited by the relatively declining incomes of the population. With the apparent improvement in the quality of life, GDP growth and other indicators, dissatisfaction with the modern economy increases. Since it is quite difficult to abandon the usual goals, the goals of economic entities should be refracted under the pressure of public interest. The spokesman of the public interest is government, but the initiative must come from the mass of the subject, able by his behavior to steer economic development in a new direction is households and individuals, including the self-employed. Orientation of households, each person is not on the maximization of utility, and harmonious creation is the goal of sustainable development. In accordance with this goal, there is no dependence on the constant increase and maintenance of income, the need to intensify labor, high dependence on the level of technology development. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the change of the socio-economic development of society in the direction of sustainable development involves the abandonment of big business, the possible introduction of full or partial policy of protectionism, full state control over the branches of natural monopolies (electricity, utilities, transport, etc.), the nomination as criteria for assessing the development of non-cost indicators of production and capital growth, and indicators of preservation of the biosphere and individual satisfaction with living conditions.
Information analysis and synthesis of the organizational structure of the unique project in the classical control theory
Authors: Desyatirikov A. N. , Nechaev Yu. B. , Desyatirikova E. N. , SHestopalov A. Yu.
Published: March 2019

The formation of the organizational structure of a unique project (without prototypes) refers to the general problem of optimizing the management of processes in irreversible systems of various types. At the same time, an increase in the dimension of the system requires the construction of models not only for particular situations of the objective environment, but also for models that take into account the nature of the dynamics of changes in the parameters of the management process throughout the planning horizon. The article considers the problem from the perspective of information theory, which allows the most abstract method (not limited to a specific subject area) to carry out modeling and optimization of the structure of a control system with a complex, unparalleled project. Information in the economic system is heterogeneous, probabilistic, and has various quantitative characteristics, used to varying degrees in the modeling of complex management processes. The problem of synthesizing the structure of an organizational management system includes the choice of the number of levels and subsystems, as well as the principles of management organization; synthesis of the structure of the system for collecting, transmitting and processing information; addressing issues related to optimizing the hierarchy of the system, ensuring the effective performance of management functions and the achievement of goals. In the tasks of analysis and synthesis of the organizational structure of unique projects, the apparatus of the transfer functions of the classical control theory is used. The organizational structure was modeled at the most abstract level in terms of information theory. The proposed method of optimizing the organizational structure, taking into account the principle of the information value of the resources of the management system. The representation of the management process as a transitional process (a dynamic process of information transformation) allows to reconcile the dynamic characteristics of the control system hardware and the human factor operating in it.
About opportunity of foreign experience application of public-private partnership in construction
Authors: Linev I. V. , Fedotova N. A.
Published: March 2019

The article discusses the possibilities of applying foreign experience in using public-private partnerships (PPP) in construction, presents classifications of forms of public-private partnerships. In economic practice, in addition to traditional construction contracts in a number of developing foreign countries, combinations of service contracts, management contracts, leases, construction, operation, transfer and variety of contracts, concessions have found wide application. The development of PPPs led to contracts with a long warranty period (up to 10 years), after which the operation and maintenance services were added to the contract throughout the warranty period of the contract. To reduce the cost of operating the facility, a private partner has the motivation to apply modern and effective solutions at the design stage. The forms directly related to construction are considered in more detail. On the basis of foreign experience, contractor relations in Russia and the possibility of applying contracts based on foreign forms were evaluated. The most significant are the following forms: Design-Construction, Construction-Operation-Transfer, Construction-Transfer-Operation, Property-Operation-Transfer, Construction-Property-Operation, Design-Finance-Construction-Operation, Construction-Rent-Transfer-Maintenance, Rent-Repair-Operation-Transfer. In the Russian practice, contractual relations are based on the separation of the forms “Design” and “Construction”, while the outdated form in the developed foreign countries “Design-Construction” is considered progressive in the domestic economy. For the development of the construction industry, it is necessary not only to consider the classification of PPP forms, but also to provide for the possibility of using the evolutionary development of contractual relations that have passed in foreign practice and the possibility of using them in the Russian economy.
Creating an innovation ecosystem in the regions of the Russian Federation (on the example of the Volgograd region)
Authors: Ledeneva M. V. , Plaksunova T. A.
Published: March 2019

The authors gave an overview of the innovation ecosystem formation theme development, built a logical model of the innovation infrastructure, defined the roles of the main actors. To create an innovation ecosystem in the Volgograd region, it is necessary to study the foreign experience and experience of the regions of the Russian Federation and adapt it to the socio-economic conditions of the Volgograd region. In Russia, innovation ecosystems at the regional level are only being formed. The most successful developments in innovation infrastructure building are found in the universities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Perm, Samara, Kazan, Rostov-on-Don. The authors based on the analysis of the dynamics of statistical indicators for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the Volgograd region, data ratings characterizing the innovation processes in the regions of the Russian Federation, as well as analyzing the existing infrastructure for supporting SMEs and innovative entrepreneurship, justified the need to create an innovative ecosystem in the Volgograd region. The authors have identified problems that reduce the efficiency of the infrastructure for supporting SMEs and innovative entrepreneurship, including weak interaction between knowledge generators and representatives of the business environment who are interested in their commercialization; insufficient development of social links between scientific institutions and innovative enterprises, insufficient coordination of the elements of regional innovation systems. The existing infrastructure is not built into the process of moving an idea from its generation to entering the market and does not contribute to the acceleration of innovative start-ups. The authors concluded that it is necessary to integrate an integrator in the innovative infrastructure, which performs the functions of informing and coordinating stakeholders, to intensify the flow of innovative projects by popularizing innovative activities; maintain a database of innovative projects, evaluate them, track successful projects and accelerate them.
Pulsed electric field pre-treatment efficiency analysis in processes of biomaterials drying
Authors: Shorstkii I. A. , Khudyakov D. A.
Published: March 2019

The transition to an efficient economy and efficient production requires building the foundations for the development of energy efficient technologies and the drying of biomaterials to convert them into useful products. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effectiveness of pretreatment with a pulsed electric field (PEF) in the process of convective drying of biomaterials. The PEF was processed with electric field strength of 2, 4 and 6 kV/cm, the number of pulses 500, with a pulse duration of 50 ?s. Based on the electrical conductivity data of the biomaterial, the index of the disintegration 56% was determined before and after the PEF treatment, which confirms the existence of an electroporation mechanism of the material structure. The drying process is presented with a description of various mathematical models. PEF pre-treatment with the parameters of electric field strength 4 and 6 kV / cm and the number of impulses 500 allowed to reduce the drying time by 13.8% for the value E = 0.02. Total time spent on the drying process reduced by 20-25 minutes. It should be noted that the total energy spent on PEF pre-treatment (<150 W / kg) compared with the energy spent on the drying process is incommensurably small. Statistical analysis of the considered mathematical models showed good convergence of most models with experimental data. The considered technology of pretreatment of PEF can ensure the effective processing of biomaterials in the required amount to obtain high-quality and safe products. Obtained data of the kinetics process can be used to the mathematical model of the drying process design with the use of preliminary treatment processing.
The use of cluster approach in the development of industry in the region
Authors: Salikov Yu. A. , Vandysheva S. V. , Smarchkova L. V. , Chudakova E. A.
Published: March 2019

The creation and development of industrial clusters is one of the tools for the development of industry, both regions and Russia as a whole. Industrial clusters create conditions for the advanced development of Russian industry. The formation of regional industry clusters is the most important stage in the creation of an innovative economy. The modernization of the industrial complex, the creation of new industrial regional clusters and clusters on an interregional basis will allow the region's economy to develop. This will ensure the growth of the share of high-tech industrial products of the Voronezh region in the overall structure of production in the national market. The effectiveness of the cluster approach is that it allows you to form a comprehensive view of the state policy of development of the region by supporting not just groups of enterprises and individual industries, and effective long-term relationships between them. In this regard, this paper describes the experience of the cluster approach to the development of industry in the region (on the example of the Voronezh region).
Movement of the top layer of the grain mixture on the vibrating grooved surface
Authors: Machyhin S. A. , Ryndin A. A. , Vasiliev A. M. , Streljuhina A. N.
Published: March 2019

The most unfavourable conditions for the implementation of separation arise in the case where the impurities and clean the grain evenly distributed. Therefore, a layer of granular grain mixture should be pre-prepared for participation in the process, which can be estimated by analyzing the kinematic parameters of the movement of grain particles, which is the purpose of this study. The description of the working body and the process of vibration movement of the grain mixture is given. To describe the vibrational movement of the grain mixture, a two-layer model is considered, in which changes are made due to the presence of riffles in the form of rectilinear plates on the support surface. In the study of the movement of the upper layer of the grain flow, we consider the movement of a material point on an inclined plane that makes horizontal harmonic oscillations perpendicular to the line of the greatest slope. Consideration of the scheme of forces acting on the particle in relative motion and the conditions of motion of the particle, made it possible to write the differential equation of relative motion in the projections on the coordinate axis. The transformations of the obtained dependences allowed us to determine the minimum force of inertia at which the relative motion will begin. By introducing the concepts and designations of the phase angles at which the relative sliding of a particle begins and ends, we determined the type of dependence of the particle velocity upon its sliding. The dependences of the particle movement in the positive and negative directions of the x and y axes, the dependence of the total displacements along the axes, as well as the average particle velocity along the x axis were obtained.the model of the two-layer vibrational movement of the grain flow along the surface with the riffles in the form of rectangular plates at their arrangement perpendicular to the direction of oscillations was Considered.
Program realization of the kinematic and power calculation of a four-stroke engine
Authors: Vasilenko V. N. , Sidorenko A. S. , Veretennikov A. N. , Yarygin A. V.
Published: March 2019

The development of the algorithm and software for the automation of kinematic and force calculations of the crank-slider mechanism (KPM). The program allows you to automatically demonstrate the operation of the PMC on the display screen after entering the initial data, obtain images of the vector defined kinematic and dynamic parameters associated with a given position of the mechanism, and read the modules and values determining the directions of the calculated parameters from the screen. Special attention in the development of software was paid to the convenience and ease of working with a computer, taking into account the relatively low level of readiness of the majority of students to perform such actions on a computer. In order to ensure this, an interactive input mode is provided. The unification of the original KPM scheme also contributes to this. Such an approach required additional agreement of the compared results, taking into account the spatial location of the calculated part of the mechanism, given the reference system of the angular position and direction of rotation of the crank. The developed program has the following applications: demo, training, testing and analyzing. The demonstration option is used in cases where it is necessary to clearly understand the kinematic interaction between the links of the mechanism and to consider the peculiarities of movement of the links and points of the PMC. The capabilities of the training mode are determined by analyzing the characteristics and types of movement of individual units and characteristic points of the mechanism under consideration and its analogues that arise when one or more parameters change. When using the verification option, it is possible to reliably monitor the calculations performed and the results obtained. In the analyzing variant, it is assumed, on the one hand, to analyze the nature of the qualitative and quantitative changes in the parameters of interest to us in the individual conjugate parts of the mechanism, and on the other, to trace the change in the corresponding kinematic and force parameters depending on the initial data and the position of the mechanism.
Low-cycle fatigue of welded structures made from domestic and imported materials
Authors: Vasechkin M. A. , Egorov S. V. , Kolomensky A. B. , Chertov E. D.
Published: March 2019

In various branches of modern engineering, corrosion-resistant steels and titanium alloys are widely used as structural materials. At the same time, it is possible to connect parts made from domestic and imported alloys using automatic argon-arc electric welding, which leads to the formation of a material with unexplored properties in the weld. Welded joints are stress concentrators and currently there is no information about low-cycle fatigue of welded joints obtained by fusing domestic and imported materials. In the course of the research, the modes of welding and heat treatment of butt welded joints obtained from sheet titanium alloys and corrosion-resistant steel of domestic and foreign production have been developed. Resource tests for low-cycle fatigue of samples of welded joints were carried out. Tests on low-cycle fatigue were carried out on the upgraded testing machine UMM-10 with repeated static stretching with an asymmetry factor of +0.1 and at a frequency of 0.6–0.8 Hz. The maximum tensile stress was 80% of the temporary tensile strength of the weakest alloy in the pair. The main stress axis from external loading in all cases was perpendicular to the weld. The tests were carried out until the destruction of the sample. As a result of research, it was established that all welded joints were destroyed along the fusion line, which is explained by the simultaneous action of geometric and structural stress concentrators. In this case, the destruction of the samples, as a rule, began near the seam from the side of the weakest alloy in the pair. It was also established that the use of temperatures of incomplete annealing in comparison with the full one allows to increase the cyclic durability for welded joints of titanium alloys by 1.3–2 times. From the results of comparative tests of samples of corrosion-resistant steels, it follows that domestic and imported steels, as well as their welded joints, have similar properties, both in strength and in re-static durability.
Rationing requirements to the characteristics of software tools to protect information
Authors: Skrypnikov A. V. , Khvostov V. A. , Chernyshova E. V. , Samtsov V. V. , Abasov M. A.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the solution of the scientific problem of the development of theoretical foundations and technology of substantiation of quantitative requirements (rules) for software information security (PSI). The basis of the modern theory of information security is a classification approach. When using the classification approach, the requirements for PSSS are defined as a set of functional requirements necessary for implementation for a certain class of security. At the same time, the concept of "effectiveness of information protection" is not considered. The contradiction between the qualitative classification approach in the formation of requirements for PSI and the need to use their quantitative characteristics in the development of automated systems (as) in protected execution required the development of a new normative approach to substantiate the requirements for information protection. Normative approach based on the systematic consideration of problems in which the analysis of interaction of elements as each other and the influence of PSSI on the AU in General and the analysis of the goals of security of information (BI). The information structure of the system is constructed on the basis of the analysis of the AU topology, internal and external relations and information flows. At the same time, the normative method considers the full set of BI threats. BI threats are stochastic, multi-stage and multi-variant. In turn, the NSCI in implementing protection functions neutralizes BI threats with some probability (there are residual risks) and length in time. The presence of a variety of BI threats, characterized by different time of implementation, probabilistic characteristics of overcoming PSI and destructive capabilities, require the finding of BI norms by optimization methods, based on the requirements of minimizing the impact on the efficiency of the automated system.
Target Tracking in WSN using Time Delay Neural Network
Authors: Munjani Jayesh Himmatbhai , Joshi Maulin
Published: March 2019

Energy efficient tracking is a challenging application of resource constrained wireless sensor network. Prediction based schemes play a vital role in energy saving by reducing an avoidable communication. Efficient tracking can be achieved only if state transition matrix used in filter closely resembles the target movement. Kalman filter has been widely used as prediction algorithm but fails in case of maneuvering target because of state transition matrix mismatch. To make tracking algorithm model free, Time delay neural network based prediction algorithm is proposed in this paper. Performance of Time Delay neural network (TDNN) is compared with Kalman filter and Interacting multiple model filter in terms of mean square error. Results shows that TDNN outperforms both the filters.
Observing Heterogeneous Unsaturated Flow at the Hillslope Scale Using Time‐Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Authors: Kotikian Maneh , Parsekian Andrew D. , Paige Ginger , Carey Austin
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas

Time‐lapse imaging reveals subsurface flow paths driven by snowmelt.

Vertical flow occurs in the same location, but in a different amount, under varying water input.

Regolith geometry, observed by seismic refraction, drives partitioning to deep flow.

Understanding water partitioning and storage on mountain hillslopes is important for vadose zone hydrologic modeling, water balance calculations, and predicting landslides. Revealing the dynamics of unsaturated water movement through time remains challenging due to the scarcity of spatially continuous observations at dense time sampling intervals. We investigate heterogeneous vertical flow using time‐lapse electrical resistivity tomography over a span of 2 yr and use seismic refraction to determine the bedrock location on a hillslope with snow‐dominated hydrology. We expect that heterogeneities in vertical unsaturated flow are driven by highly conductive zones in soil structure and higher localized water content due to surface topographic depressions and a long‐term sustained snowpack relative to other locations, resulting in increased water availability. The results show that vertical flow heterogeneity and partitioning to deep flow occurred under contrasting precipitation inputs. We determine that topographic and vegetation cover heterogeneities on the hillslope and snow accumulation exert control on the location of partitioning to deep flow, likely due to macropores, roots, boulders, and localized water availability. We conclude that the regolith–bedrock boundary has a slope reversal that allows water to accumulate to drive heterogeneous flow.
CULTURA SURDA E ASTRONOMIA: INVESTIGANDO AS POTENCIALIDADES DESSA ARTICULAÇÃO PARA O ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Vivian Ellen Cristine Prestes , Leonel André Ary
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação acerca da potencialidade do tema: Astronomia no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Física para surdos, bem como das contribuições apresentadas pelas Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC).  Para contribuir com a análise elaborou-se um minicurso em Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), aliada ao uso de TDIC, que foi implementado durante a Semana Acadêmica Integrada da Universidade Federal do Pampa. Como instrumento de análise foi elaborado um questionário online para ser respondido pelos participantes após o minicurso. Trata-se de uma abordagem de cunho qualitativo com viés na análise de conteúdo. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento da Libras e da Cultura Surda são indispensáveis para o planejamento de estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e para a inclusão e a permanência dos sujeitos surdos na escola. Quanto ao tema: Astronomia, pode-se afirmar que o uso de TDIC como os softwares Stellarium e Celestia, bem como a adaptação e criação de sinais favorecem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, despertando o interesse dos envolvidos e possibilitando maior compreensão acerca desta temática.
Burden of Colonialism and Alienation in Modern Kurdish Novel
Authors: ABDULKARIM Chiad
Published: March 2019

This
article focuses on the influence of the colonialism and how such forces are reflected
in the modern Kurdish novel. It becomes apparent that such forces are yet at a
great work in the regions inhabited by the Kurds in the region of Middle East.
Furthermore, this study considers how sophisticated means are being used physically, culturally, and economically as an
ongoing process where people have been deprived
of stability, prosperity and peace. In
concluding remarks, it becomes evident that the impact of colonialism, has
influenced people on four levels: First, the internal displacement, mostly
reflected in Gharbi Mustafa’s first two novels. Secondly, The Inner
psychological conflict, this experience is reflected in Ismet Badal’s novel Dawiya
Şervanekî. Thirdly, man’s quest for traditions which is mostly reflected in
Yashar Kemal’s novel The Pomegranate Tree. These factors have triggered
a response to the dominant narrative in the form of novels.
The Role of “Informal Mediators” in Micro-Conflict Resolution: Diyarbakır Case
Authors: FAHRİOĞLU AKIN Ferda
Published: March 2019

Official law often fails to solve the “micro-conflicts” of society, those being the likes of murder, abduction, and land disputes.  In these kinds of situations, in which the official law system alone does not or can not solve conflicts, the mediation method of traditional society becomes useful. The aim of this work is to examine how micro-conflicts are resolved via informal mediation methods, or “traditional law” methods. Informal mediation, known as the traditional or informal law method in conflict resolution literature, is not an alternative to formal law; it serves to complement formal law.. The data used in this paper was collected through five months of field work done in Diyarbakır. This data is analyzed alongside qualitative research such as in-depth interviews, oral histories, and focus group findings. This study is examined informal mediation method, which is done by opinion leaders, from Conflict Resolution and Mediation literatüre perspectives. Field work data from Diyarbakir is compared with data from different cases in other countries.
Reguły użycia wyrażeń i normatywność znaczenia
Authors: Buczkowska Janina
Published: March 2019

Rozważania podjęte w tym artykule nawiązują do współczesnej dyskusji o normatywności znaczenia, jaka została zapoczątkowana przez S. Kripkego. Główny nurt tej dyskusji dotyczy związku normatywności znaczenia z poprawnością użycia wyrażeń i pozostawia problem rozumienia samej normatywności na boku. W tym artykule podjęta zostanie próba odpowiedzi na takie pytania, jak: Na czym polega normatywność reguł znaczeniowych? Jak rozumieć normy i co je wyróżnia spośród innych reguł? Do jakich racji można odwołać się w uzasadnieniu normatywności znaczenia?    W niniejszym artykule, jako punkt wyjścia, została krótko przedstawiona teza Kripkego o normatywności znaczenia oraz dominująca linia dyskusji dotyczącej tej tezy. Zostały pokazane trudności związane ze sformułowaniem kryterium poprawnego użycia, oraz wskazane, że istnienie reguł użycia wyrażeń nie jest jednoznaczne z normatywnością tych reguł. Podjęta została próba wskazania podstawowej charakterystyki znaczeń terminów „reguły” i „normy”, a następnie została omówiona kwestia społecznej determinacji reguł znaczeniowych. Zostało pokazane, że reguły użycia wyrażeń są zakotwiczone w społecznej funkcji języka. Na koniec została poruszona kwestia związku społecznie ugruntowanych reguł użycia wyrażeń z funkcją reprezentacji w języku świata pozajęzykowego.    Znaczenie rozumiane jako treść wyrażenia nie jest tylko konwencjonalne, ale jest też konstytuowane przez reprezentatywną funkcję języka. Zostało wskazane, aby normatywność znaczenia rozpatrywać w dwu wymiarach: społecznym, konwencjonalnym oraz drugim związanym z funkcją reprezentacji świata w języku.
Changes in the Cytomorphometric Indices in Epitheliocytes of the Oral Mucosa of Patients with Generalized Periodontitis
Authors: Khomyk Myroslava , Kovalchuk Larysa , Melnychuk Halyna
Published: March 2019

For the study of some mechanisms of the pathogenesis of generalized periodontitis, there were examined 64 patients who were divided into the following groups: Group I – 12 healthy people (6 men and 6 women); Group ІІ – 40 patients with grade I generalized periodontitis (20 men and 20 women) and Group ІІІ – 12 patients with grade II-III generalized periodontitis (6 men and 6 women). On the cytological preparations of buccal epitheliocytes of the oral mucosa stained with aceto-orcein, 100 nucleus-containing epitheliocytes were examined with the help of microscope “Axioskop”, a company Zeizz, with a 1000×magnification. Cytomorphometric characteristics were studied: the perimeter and the cell surface area, the perimeter and the surface area of ​​the nucleus, and the ratio of the surface area of the nucleus to the cell surface area.

In all the patients with generalized periodontitis, the perimeter and cell area and the perimeter and epithelial cell nuclei area (p<0.05 – p<0.001) as well as the nuclear-cytoplasmic correlation reduced significantly, especially in men, that could be regarded as compensatory changes at the cellular level. According to the parameters of cells of epitheliocytes, and especially their nuclei, in both healthy people and patients with generalized periodontitis, gender differences were identified, especially in Group ІІІ. Thus, it could be argued that the measurement of the perimeter and the area of ​​cells of buccal epitheliocytes and their nuclei reflects the functional activity of the hereditary apparatus in the patients with generalized periodontitis.
EXPLORING STUDENT MATHEMATICAL ENGAGEMENT USING ADAPTED WATSON’ ANALYTICAL TOOL
Authors: Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu , Nissa Ita Chairun
Published: March 2019

This research was conducted with the aim of describing the engagement of junior high school students in the mathematics learning process measured using an adapted Watson analytical tool. This research is a qualitative study that analyzes video transcripts of a junior high school teacher in West Nusa Tenggara, East Indonesia who are carrying out mathematical teaching on probability.  In this study, the teacher carried out mathematics teaching designed by researchers using the ELPSA (Experience, Language, Pictorial, Symbolic, and Application) framework. The learning process was recorded through a video and then transcribed so that it is easily analyzed. The results showed that the dimensions of student mathematical engagement that emerged during the mathematics learning process were dominated by activities comparing/classifying and justifying/reasoning. These results also have a positive impact that by using the adapted of Watson analytical tool to analyze the learning process of mathematics can help teachers to gain deeper insight into students' mathematical engagement. This technique can be used as a reference by the teacher to further analyze so that better teaching actions can be planned.
PRE-SERVICE SECONDARY MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF ABSOLUTE VALUE
Authors: Aziz Tian Abdul , Supiat Supiat , Soenarto Yohanes
Published: March 2019

This study aims to give a comprehensive account of pre-service secondary mathematics teachers’ understanding of absolute value. Thirty two-item absolute value understanding test was developed and administered to thirty-eight students attending mathematics education department at one private university in Jakarta City, Indonesia. Five of them were selected purposively and interviewed to gain deep information and confirm their written responses in the test. We find that most participants struggled with the absolute value task. There are inconsistencies of the definition of absolute value expressed by them. Besides, typical mistakes made are: (a) removal of absolute value bars; (b) focus heavily on rules; (c) conversion of absolute value bars to parentheses; (d) exclusion of number inside absolute value bars; (e) poor algebraic manipulation; and (f) inability to draw absolute value graph. Based on the findings, the most common cause of mistakes made by the participants is didactical contract in mathematics teaching and learning. Limitation and implications of the study are presented.
DOES SLEEP QUALITY SERVE AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN WELL-BEING AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT?
Authors: Ayriza Yulia , Setiawati Farida Agus , Nurhayati Siti Rohmah , Gumelar Sasanty Ratna , Sholeha Eka Putri Desy Rahmawati
Published: March 2019

The transition from high school to college "forces" freshmen students to lead a brand new life until they eventually manage to adapt to the new environment and all its activities. Freshmen students who failed to adapt themselves to the environment will face various problems including the degradation of well-being which consequently affects their academic achievement and gets worse when it affects their sleep quality. This expost facto research design aims to examine whether sleep quality serves as a mediator between well-being and academic achievement. The participants comprise 231 freshmen students of a public university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia for the academic year 2017. They were collected using multilevel randomization conducted on seven existing University faculties. The data were collected using Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Life Satisfaction, and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and were analyzed using multiple regression technique. The results of the analysis demonstrated that sleep quality does not significantly mediate the relationship between well-being and academic achievement of freshmen students. However, this research found that the negative affect which constitutes a component of well-being significantly results in poor sleep quality. Therefore, it is highly recommended to improve well-being through prevention on the development of negative affect on students.
EFFECTIVENESS OF “PIK-R” PROGRAM AS AN EXTRACURRICULAR FOR HIGH/VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PREVENTING NEGATIVE BEHAVIORS OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Hastuti Dwi , Alfiasari Alfiasari , Hernawati Neti , Oktriyanto Oktriyanto , Dwi Puspitasari Mardiana
Published: March 2019

PIK-R (Pusat Informasi Konseling Remaja) as one of the programs for adolescents is expected to be able to contribute positively in developing positive behavior and suppress the potential for negative adolescent behavior. This study aims to analyze the positive and negative behavior of high/vocational school students and their relation to knowledge, participation, and effectiveness of the PIK-R program at school. This study used a cross sectional study design involving 687 students in selected public and private high/vocational schools in Bekasi City, Indonesia. Structured questionnaire is used to measure the students’ characteristics, the students’ negative behavior, and the effectiveness of the PIK-R program. The study found that only 54.88% of students were aware of the PIK-R program and only 8.11% attended the program. Even so, the results of different tests show that students who take part in the PIK-R program show significantly lower negative behaviors, especially in pornography, online games, and smoking addiction. In addition, it was also found that male students tended to have higher negative behavior than female students. The results of multiple linear regression also show the real effect of the PIK-R program in suppressing the negative behaviors of adolescents.
THE USE OF RASCH MEASUREMENT MODEL IN ENGLISH TESTING
Authors: Mokshein Siti Eshah , Ishak Haliza , Ahmad Hishamuddin
Published: March 2019

This study aimed at determining the quality of the English Paper 1 (EP1) items of UPSR trial examination for six graders in terms of its reliability, validity and items characteristics. It also sought to determine the difficulty levels of 40 multiple-choice items consisting five constructs of vocabulary, language and social expression, grammar, cloze-comprehension and reading comprehension. A number of 525 primary schools students were randomly selected from 3876 students in Kuala Selangor, Malaysia. Using the Rasch measurement model, the validity evidences were shown through the results of Principle Component Analysis (PCA), fit statistics and item distractor analysis. The results from PCA analysis showed the absence of second dimension in the test, which met the assumption of modern testing theory. Fit statistics analyses have identified seven misfit items that are beyond the acceptable range (0.7 - 1.3 logit). Item distractor analysis has identified five problematic items whereby three of them are also misfit items. Summary statistics shows that the reliability indices of Cronbach’s Alpha were greater than 0.80 and separation indices were greater than 2. This study would benefit teachers in improving existing assessment practice by spreading out the importance of item analysis in schools, particularly in language testing.
PRANATACARA LEARNING: MODELING, MIND MAPPING, E-LEARNING, OR HYBRID LEARNING?
Authors: Dwijonagoro Suwarna , Suparno Suparno
Published: March 2019

This research was aimed to examine the most effective learning model for Pranatacara (Master of Ceremony) course. By having effective learning, the students can master the skills at being a professional Pranatacara. The study used the experimental method with the pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design. Four parallel classes were given learning treatments each with modeling, mind mapping, e-learning, and hybrid learning. The data of the practice test were analyzed by the one-way Anova. The result indicates that there is a significant difference among the learning models. The hybrid learning can be considered as the most effective model to increase the total score, with the effectiveness of 11.58%; followed by modeling (5.58%); e-learning (4.10%); and mind mapping (3.54%) respectively. The hybrid learning was found as the most effective to improve the fluency score, i.e. 14.23%; followed by mind mapping (8.31%); modeling (4.74%) and e-learning (4.00%) respectively. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the effectiveness of vocal exercise. The highest increase in vocal score was through hybrid learning, with 10.85%; followed by modeling (10.09%); e-learning (4.39); and mind mappling (2.88%). Therefore, hybrid learning was declared as the most effective for learning Pranatacara courses and on the contraty, the e-learning was found as the most ineffective.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM ON NETBALL SHOOTING PERFORMANCE
Authors: Shaari Jamatul Shahidah , Hooi Lim Boon , Siswantoyo Siswantoyo
Published: March 2019

The study was aimed to investigate the effect of Psychological Skills Training Program on netball shooting performance. The experimental method was used on three groups of an 8-week intervention: combination of diaphragmatic breathing and imagery, plus physical practice (G1); combination of DB and self-talk, plus physical practice (G2); and control group which have physical practice only (G3). A SPANOVA was conducted to assess the impact of all groups on shooting performance across the two time periods. The main effect comparing the two treatments and a control group was significant, p < .001. Post hoc Tukey test differ significantly at p < .05. However, the G2 was not significantly different from the G3. The results indicated that netballers of different skill used of PST, either G1 or G2 were found to improve the netball shooting performance. It was also showed that G1 has better netball shooting performance rather than G2 and G3. As to highlighting, that the principles and practical applications of these most basic psychological skills can be taught in easier ways and probably in a relative short period of time among youth athletes.
A Mobile Patient-Reported Outcome Measure App With Talking Touchscreen: Usability Assessment
Authors: Welbie Marlies , Wittink Harriet , Westerman Marjan J , Topper Ilse , Snoei Josca , Devillé Walter L J M
Published: March 2019

Background

In the past years, a mobile health (mHealth) app called the Dutch Talking Touch Screen Questionnaire (DTTSQ) was developed in The Netherlands. The aim of development was to enable Dutch physical therapy patients to autonomously complete a health-related questionnaire regardless of their level of literacy and digital skills.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability (defined as the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction) of the prototype of the DTTSQ for Dutch physical therapy patients with diverse levels of experience in using mobile technology.

Methods

The qualitative Three-Step Test-Interview method, including both think-aloud and retrospective probing techniques, was used to gain insight into the usability of the DTTSQ. A total of 24 physical therapy patients were included. The interview data were analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach aimed at analyzing the accuracy and completeness with which participants completed the questionnaire (effectiveness), the time it took the participants to complete the questionnaire (efficiency), and the extent to which the participants were satisfied with the ease of use of the questionnaire (satisfaction). The problems encountered by the participants in this study were given a severity rating that was used to provide a rough estimate of the need for additional usability efforts.

Results

All participants within this study were very satisfied with the ease of use of the DTTSQ. Overall, 9 participants stated that the usability of the app exceeded their expectations. The group of 4 average-/high-experienced participants encountered only 1 problem in total, whereas the 11 little-experienced participants encountered an average of 2 problems per person and the 9 inexperienced participants an average of 3 problems per person. A total of 13 different kind of problems were found during this study. Of these problems, 4 need to be addressed before the DTTSQ will be released because they have the potential to negatively influence future usage of the tool. The other 9 problems were less likely to influence future usage of the tool substantially.

Conclusions

The usability of the DTTSQ needs to be improved before it can be released. No problems were found with satisfaction or efficiency during the usability test. The effectiveness needs to be improved by (1) making it easier to navigate through screens without the possibility of accidentally skipping one, (2) enabling the possibility to insert an answer by tapping on the text underneath a photograph instead of just touching the photograph itself, and (3) making it easier to correct wrong answers. This study shows the importance of including less skilled participants in a usability study when striving for inclusive design and the importance of measuring not just satisfaction but also efficiency and effectiveness during such studies.