bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A small family business: synergistic and additive effects of the queen and the brood on worker reproduction in a primitively eusocial bee
Authors: Orlova Margarita , Starkey Jesse , Amsalem Etya
Published: January 2020

The mechanisms that maintain reproductive division of labor in social insects are still incompletely understood. Most studies focus on the relationship between adults, overlooking another important stakeholder– the juveniles. Recent studies show that not only the queen, but also the brood regulate worker reproduction. However, how the two coordinate to maintain reproductive monopoly remained unexplored. Here, we disentangled the roles of the brood and the queen in primitively eusocial bees (Bombus impatiens) by examining their separated and combined effects on worker behavioral, physiological and brain gene expression. We found that young larvae produce a releaser effect on workers, decreasing oviposition and aggression, while the queen produces both releaser and primer effects, modifying worker behaviors and reproductive physiology. The expression of reproduction- and aggression-related genes was altered in the presence of both queen and brood but was stronger or the same in the presence of the queen. We identified two types of interactions between the queen and the brood in regulating worker reproduction: (1) synergistic interactions regulating worker physiology, where the combined effect of the queen and the brood on worker physiology was greater than their separate effects; (2) additive interactions where the combined effect of the queen and the brood on worker behavior was similar to the sum of their separate effects. Our results suggest that the queen and the brood interact synergistically and additively to regulate worker behavior and reproduction, and this interaction exists at multiple regulatory levels.
Dust and grit matter: abrasives of different size lead to opposing dental microwear textures in experimentally fed sheep (Ovis aries)
Authors: Ackermans Nicole L. , Winkler Daniela E. , Martin Louise F. , Kaiser Thomas M. , Clauss Marcus , Hatt Jean-Michel
Published: January 2020

External abrasives ingested along with the herbivore diet are considered main contributors to dental wear, though how different abrasive sizes and concentrations influence wear remains unclear. Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is an established method for dietary reconstruction which describes a tooth's surface topography on a micrometre scale. The method has yielded conflicting results as to the effect of external abrasives. In the present study, a feeding experiment was performed on sheep (Ovis aries), fed seven diets of different abrasiveness. Our aim was to discern the individual effects of abrasive size (4 , 50 and 130 µm) and concentration (0, 4 and 8 % of dry matter) on dental wear, applying DMTA to four tooth positions. Microwear textures differed between individual teeth, but surprisingly, showed no gradient along the molar tooth row, and the strongest differentiation of experimental groups was achieved when combining data of all maxillary molars. Overall, a pattern of increasing height, volume, and complexity of the tooth's microscopic surface appeared with increasing dietary abrasive size, and when compared to the control, the small abrasive diets showed a polishing effect. Results indicate that a diet's abrasive size is more important for DMT traces than its abrasive concentration, and that different sizes can have opposing effects on the dietary signal. The latter finding possibly explains conflicting evidence from previous experimental DMTA application. Further exploration is required to understand if indeed, and how microscopic traces created by abrasives translate quantitatively to tissue loss.
The level of endogenic intoxication in the dynamics of development of experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia and their correction by thiotriazoline
Authors: Regeda-Furdychko M. M.
Published: January 2020

Тhe aim of our work was to find out the peculiarities of changes ofendogenous intoxication indices in guinea pig blood during theformation of combined pathology - experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia and correction of their disorders with thiotriazoline.The paper found a gradual increase in the molecules of mediummass and erythrocyte index of intoxication in guinea pig serum with experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia with the highest degree of expression on the 18thday of the experiment, and this may be may indicate the development of endogenous intoxication of the animal body. At the same time, the use of the drug thiotriazoline caused the decrease of the studied indicators, which gives grounds to stateits positive effect on certain markers of endogenous intoxicationand the feasibility of further research.
Criteria and indicators of quality assessment of future professionals training in the system of Ukrainian higher education
Authors: Boyko Mariia
Published: January 2020

The article presents the analysis of the main approaches to the assessment of the quality of education and the factors that influence the process of its provision in modern higher education institutions. The investigation outlines the peculiarities of the criteria for quality assessment of higher education. These criteria give freedom for universities to form educational programs and curricula; provide continuous monitoring and review educational programs in order to improve their quality, stimulate the introduction of innovations in educational standards. The determinants of effectiveness in quality assurance at higher education institutions have been determined and the indicators by which it can be objectively evaluated have been discussed.
Temporomandibular joint dysfunctions in the context of psychological disorders among pediatric patients
Authors: Zuszek Agnieszka , Borek Joanna Monika , Malak Roksana Ewa , Samborski Włodzimierz
Published: January 2020

Introduction: There are many factors that affect temporomandibular joint dysfunction. These may include, among others: structural and postural disorders, bruxism, and occlusive abnormalities. In addition, an important aspect are psychological factors that, as a result of stress, can affect temporomandibular joint disorders through hyperactivity of the muscles, followed by biomechanical changes and related pain. These factors can lead to the production of neurotransmitters that disturb the balance of serotonin and catecholamines. Aim: Literature review to determine the relationship between temporomandibular joint disorders and psychological disorders in pediatric patients Material and methods: Based on the Research Gate, PubMed and Google Schoolar databases, a review of scientific papers was performed using the keywords: (temporomandibular joint), (stress, bruxism, mental disorders). Articles from the last 5 years have been analyzed. Results: Higher levels of anxiety are observed in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. There is also a higher incidence of depression and chronic stress. Conclusions: Available literature shows the relationships between dysfunctions within the temporomandibular joint and mental disorders of the patient. However, research in this area should continue to show more detailed information regarding both the general relationship between the abovementioned aspects and the relationship between individual temporomandibular joint disorders and psychological aspects.
The Impact Of Short Run Distances To The Final Results Of The Decathlon At The 2019 Athletic World Championships
Authors: Ramadani L , Heta G , Bekolli L , Rashiti N , Ramabaja Q , Millaku A
Published: January 2020

Athletic operates on the basis of a particular system of knowledge that has in its contentthe theoretical and methodological foundations of sport training (Rashiti N, Nika F, Bekolli L, Heta G.) 2017. Athletic is one of the types of sports, with complex and applicable character, consisting of large groups, which include different athletic types, with similar characteristics among them; our treatment is athletic decathlon.(Dibra F.)2006. The decathlon is a complexcombined event in athletic consisting of ten track and field events.Olympic men’s decathlons are divided into a two-day competition. The evaluation is done by points.Men’s decathlonconsists of:100m,Long jump,Shot put,High jump, 400m (Day 1); 110m hurdles,Discus throw,Pole vault,Javelin throw,1500m(Day 2).The main purpose of this paper was to verify that from the disciplines of the Decathlon:Long jump,Shot put,High jump, Discus throw,Pole vault,Javelin throw and1500m,as predictor (independent) variables will have an impact on the performance of specific motor tasks, respectively the execution of disciplines pertaining to short-distance running:100m, 110m  hurdles and 400mas well as to determine the impact of these short-distance running to the final result of the decathlon knowing that these disciplines in athletics are largely genetically determined.(Misja B.) 2012The sample for the purposes of this paper will include 10 first contestants of decathlons World Championship: September 27 and October 6, 2019 in Doha, Qatar.In this research, after obtaining a statistically significant multiple correlation (R = 0.936) it is necessary to search for the coefficient in the (Beta) column as well as the (t-test) value indicating the influence of each predictor variable (independent) in the dependent or criterion variable 400m.We can emphasize that the test (F-test) is always more valuable if the multiplex correlation is greater, in this case it is significant (Sig = 0.000), because the value of the F-test is 15,347.A statistically significant multiple correlation was obtained (R = 0.958); it is necessary to search for the coefficient in the (Beta) column as well as the (t-test) value indicating the influence of each predictor (independent) variable in the dependent variable or criterion 110 m.In this research, after obtaining a statistically significant multiple correlation (R = 0.958), it is necessary to search for the coefficient in the (Beta) column as well as the (t-test) value indicating the influence of each predictor variable (independent) in the dependent or criterion variable) 100 m.
Physical activity during pregnancy - literature review
Authors: Mazur Karol , Machaj Dominik , Mazur Dominika
Published: January 2020

Physical activity is one of the basics elements of a healthy lifestyle. Pregnancy is a unique state of physiologic stress which necessitates physical, mental, and social adaptation. Physical activity has significant influence on health of pregnant women. the most important benefits of physical exercising during pregnancy are: preparation for labor effort and reduction of the duration of the labor. The form of the physical activity should be consulted with the midwife or ginecologist, that will choose adequate exercises to the need and possibilites of the pregnant woman. The aim of this study was to evaluate meaning of the physical activity during pregnancy for the women.The status of women’s knowledge about physical exercises in pregnancy is unsatisfactory. The internet isthe main source of information about physical activity during pregnancy for pregnant women. There is significant correlation between the awerness of meaning of physical activity during pregnancy and the age, education, attending on childbirth education classes   or education of pregnant women. The level of knowledge about meaning of physical activity during pregnancy, time of beginning the exercising, their frequency and the type, contraindications is high in the group of women over 30 years old, married, with high level of education, multiparas and those who attended childbirth education classes. Physical activity during pregnancy is often determined by gestational age, course of pregnancy and exercising before pregnancy. Unfourtanely many women stop physical exercising during pregnancy, especially in the first trymester. Main reasons to stop physical exercising are: general feeling of being unwell, medical recommendations, and symptomps related to pregnancy. The most adequate sports for pregnant women are: swimming, yoga, pilates and gymnastics, that are often organised in childbirth education classes Also many pregnant women don’t consultate physical exercising during pregnancy with the gynecologist or midwife.
Unconscious patient - role and tasks of the therapeutic team
Authors: Tomaszewska Katarzyna , Gronowska Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

Unconscious patients are not able to decide for themselves whether to cooperate effectively with the medical personnel. That is why it is so important for all members of the therapeutic team to work together in a comprehensive way. Purpose of the research: Defining the role and tasks of the members of the therapeutic team caring for the unconscious patient in the intensive care unit. Materials and methods: The study involved 103 persons (79 women and 24 men). The study group consisted of nurses, doctors, physiotherapists and paramedics who work in Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Units. A questionnaire of our own authorship was used for the research. Results and conclusions: Good communication between the members of the therapeutic team, respect and good relations with the superior do not affect the effectiveness of work according to the respondents. A clear division of duties between the members of the therapeutic team influences the quality of care for unconscious patients, which is significantly different from the care for conscious patients. The members of the therapeutic team know the methods of care, nutrition, rehabilitation of unconscious patients.
Assessment of the clinical course of community acquired pneumonia in young patients, taking into account the CMV-persistence and its severity
Authors: Chichirelo-Konstantynovych K. D.
Published: January 2020

Today, the question of establishing the features of clinical course of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to the presence or absence of CMVI-infection persistence in the human body, the study of the type and nature of the effects of concomitant persistent CMVI on the symptoms of CAP, the effectiveness of treatment, was one of the unexplored. This issue is particularly relevant for young people, as it does not only damage the condition of patients but also directly and indirectly affects the economic component of the disease, increasing direct and indirect losses for the able-bodied patient and the state as a whole.
PENGARUH CURRENT RATIO, RETURN ON EQUITY DAN DEBT TO ASSET RATIO TERHADAP PRICE BOOK VALUE PERUSAHAAN ADVERTISING, PRINTING DAN MEDIA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2017
Authors: Batin Bayu Nur , Ismanto Deny
Published: January 2020

This  research was conducted with the aim of partially  testing  the influence of Current Ratio, Return On Equity, and Debt to Asset Ratio on Price Book Value to Advertising, Printing and Media companies listed on the Indonesia Stock  Exchange  (IDX).  Factors  that  influence  price  book  value  (PBV)  include liquidity that is proxied by current ratio or current ratio (CR), profitability projected with return on equity (ROE), and Debt to asset ratio (DAR). The research period was  carried out for 4 (four)  years,  namely  2014-2017. This  type  of  research  is Quantitative data, namely data in the form of numbers, or Quantitative data that are sent in a queue. The population in this study is a company engaged in the services of Advertising,  Printing, and Media services listed on the IDX, namely 15 companies. The sample in this study was obtained by purposive sampling method. Based on existing criteria, 15 companies were obtained. Hypothesis testing is done by Multiple  regression  analysis,  but  before testing  hypotheses  first  testing  the classical assumptions.  The results of hypothesis testing are carried out partially, namely the t test shows that CR has no effect and is not significant on PBV. ROE has a partial and significant effect on PBV. DAR partially has no effect and is  not significant for PBV.
HARGA, PROMOSI, DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN SEBAGAI ANTESEDEN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN YANG DI MEDIASAI OLEH KEPUTUSAN MENGGUNAKAN OJEK ONLINE DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: January 2020

Customer satisfaction is an asset for the company to be a benchmark for the company's success in serving customers. Since its establishment in 2010, GOJEK has consistently  served  the  community,  presenting  efficient  and  effective transportation  to the Indonesian people spread across several cities. By maintaining the values of a friendly Indonesian character. The population in this study were GO-JEK users. While the sample in this study is GO-JEK users more than once in the city of Yogyakarta.  The sampling technique uses a non-probability sampling method. While the data used in this study are primary data by  obtaining the data needed by  using information techniques, namely by distributing  questionnaires.  The analysis tool uses multiple linear regression, and doing a partial test  knowing  whether the independent variables individually have a significant effect on the dependent variable, do the r-test to measure the ability of the model to explain the ability of the dependent variable.The results of the analysis can be concluded that: Price does not have a positive effect on user decisions. Promotion does not have a positive effect on user decisions. Service quality does not have a positive effect on user decisions. User decisions have a positive effect on customer satisfaction. User decisions do not mediate between Price, Promotion and Quality of Service.
Fast modal analysis for Hermite–Gaussian beams via deep learning
Authors: An Yi , Hou Tianyue , Li Jun , Huang Liangjin , Leng Jinyong , Yang Lijia , Zhou Pu
Published: January 2020

The eigenmodes of Hermite–Gaussian (HG) beams emitting from solid-state lasers make up a complete and orthonormal basis, and they have gained increasing interest in recent years. Here, we demonstrate a deep learning-based mode decomposition (MD) scheme of HG beams for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. We utilize large amounts of simulated samples to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) and then use this trained CNN to perform MD. The results of simulated testing samples have shown that our scheme can achieve an averaged prediction error of 0.013 when six eigenmodes are involved. The scheme takes only about 23 ms to perform MD for one beam pattern, indicating promising real-time MD ability. When larger numbers of eigenmodes are involved, the method can also succeed with slightly larger prediction error. The robustness of the scheme is also investigated by adding noise to the input beam patterns, and the prediction error is smaller than 0.037 for heavily noisy patterns. This method offers a fast, economic, and robust way to acquire both the mode amplitude and phase information through a single-shot intensity image of HG beams, which will be beneficial to the beam shaping, beam quality evaluation, studies of resonator perturbations, and adaptive optics for resonators of solid-state lasers.
Theoretical and experimental comparison of a distributed acoustic sensor at 850- and 1550-nm wavelengths
Authors: Coscetta A. , Catalano E. , Cerri E. , Zeni L. , Minardo A.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we analyze the performance of a distributed acoustic sensor at two different interrogation wavelengths. We show theoretically that, in a coherent optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) operating at 850 nm, the dynamic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is enhanced, compared to an identical configuration operating at 1550 nm. Such enhancement is maximum at the interrogating pulse input section, while decreasing along the fiber in virtue of the higher loss. Experimental tests, carried out using two heterodyne C-OTDR detection schemes operating at the analyzed wavelengths, confirm the SNR improvement.
Virtual DBA: virtualizing passive optical networks to enable multi-service operation in true multi-tenant environments
Authors: Ruffini Marco , Ahmad Arsalan , Zeb Sanwal , Afraz Nima , Slyne Frank
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the concept of virtual dynamic bandwidth allocation
(DBA), a method we propose to virtualize upstream capacity scheduling
in passive optical networks (PONs), which provides multiple
independent virtual network operators with the ability to precisely
schedule their upstream traffic allocation. After a brief introduction
on the evolution of access network sharing, we present our virtual DBA
architecture, detailing its main components. We then provide a summary
of the work done in this area from both theoretical and practical
implementation perspectives. In this paper, we propose a novel
stateless algorithm for merging multiple independent virtual bandwidth
maps based on priority classes and analyze its performance in terms of
efficiency of capacity allocation and latency. Through our results, we
discuss the existence of a trade-off between traffic load and grant
size distribution versus efficiency and latency. We find that,
different from a residential single-tenant application, when PONs are
used for low-latency and multi-tenant applications, the system has
better overall performance if grants are allocated in small size. In
addition, our analysis shows that for high-priority, strict latency
services, our proposed merging algorithm presents delay performance
that is independent of the traffic distribution considered.
Molecular strong-field approximation for photodetachment of electrons from homonuclear diatomic molecular anions
Authors: Gazibegović-Busuladžić A. , Habibović D. , Busuladžić M. , Milošević D. B.
Published: January 2020

Molecular strong-field approximation is applied to above-threshold detachment of homonuclear diatomic molecular negative ions. Differences between the photodetachment amplitudes for neutral diatomic molecules and diatomic anions, for both direct and rescattered electrons, are examined. Numerical results for the photoelectron spectra of

C

2
−

molecular anions for different intensities and wavelengths of a linearly polarized laser field and different molecular anion orientations are shown and discussed. Two-center destructive interference minima (suppression regions) in the rescattering part of the photoelectron spectra are observed. For molecules with molecular orientation defined by the angle

θ
L

with respect to the laser-field polarization axis, these minima manifest as two parallel straight lines in the distribution of the photoelectron yield presented in the photoelectron momentum plane. These lines make the angle

90
∘

−

θ
L

, with the momentum component parallel to the laser-field polarization axis. Focal-averaged photoelectron spectra are also presented and analyzed.
Resurgent regenerated fiber Bragg gratings and thermal annealing techniques for ultra-high temperature sensing beyond 1400°C
Authors: Gunawardena Dinusha Serandi , Law On kit , Liu Zhengyong , Zhong Xiaoxuan , Ho Yuk-Ting , Tam Hwa-Yaw
Published: January 2020

We report for the first time the resurgence of regenerated fiber Bragg gratings (RFBGs) useful for ultra-high temperature measurements exceeding 1400 °C. A detailed study of the dynamics associated with grating regeneration in six-hole microstructured optical fibers (SHMOFs) and single mode fibers (SMFs) was conducted. Rapid heating and rapid cooling techniques appeared to have a significant impact on the thermal sustainability of the RFBGs in both types of optical fibers reaching temperature regimes exceeding 1400 °C. The presence of air holes sheds new light in understanding the thermal response of RFBGs and the stresses associated with them, which governs the variation in the Bragg wavelength.
Deringing and denoising in extremely under-sampled Fourier single pixel imaging
Authors: Rizvi Saad , Cao Jie , Zhang Kaiyu , Hao Qun
Published: January 2020

Undersampling in Fourier single pixel imaging (FSI) is often employed to reduce imaging time for real-time applications. However, the undersampled reconstruction contains ringing artifacts (Gibbs phenomenon) that occur because the high-frequency target information is not recorded. Furthermore, by employing 3-step FSI strategy (reduced measurements with low noise suppression) with a low-grade sensor (i.e., photodiode), this ringing is coupled with noise to produce unwanted artifacts, lowering image quality. To improve the imaging quality of real-time FSI, a fast image reconstruction framework based on deep convolutional autoencoder network (DCAN) is proposed. The network through context learning over FSI artifacts is capable of deringing, denoising, and recovering details in 256 × 256 images. The promising experimental results show that the proposed deep-learning-based FSI outperforms conventional FSI in terms of image quality even at very low sampling rates (1-4%).
An efficiently-designed wideband single-metalens with high-efficiency and wide-angle focusing for passive millimeter-wave focal plane array imaging
Authors: Chu Hongjun , Qi Jiaran , Qiu Jinghui
Published: January 2020

Wide-angle, high-efficiency, wide-band, and ultra-compact focusing blocks are crucial for implementation and future evolution of passive millimeter-wave focal plane array imaging systems. The spherical or doublet metalens can attain high-efficiency, wide-angle field-of-view (FOV) but suffer from fabrication difficulties, complex assembly, and low compactness. Here we present an efficient single-metalens design capable of performing high-efficiency diffraction-limited wideband focusing over a wide-angle FOV. This single-metalens design can greatly mitigate the Seidel aberrations by a rational allocation of amplitude-phase of the electromagnetic waves. A proof-of-concept metalens at millimeter-wave band (33 GHz-37 GHz) confirms the validity of our design.
Accelerated convergence extended ptychographical iterative engine using multiple axial intensity constraints
Authors: Dou Jiantai , Wu Junchao , Zhang Yamei , Hu Youyou , Yang Zhongming
Published: January 2020

The extended ptychographical iterative engine (ePIE) is widely applied in the field of ptychographic imaging due to its great flexibility and computational efficiency. A technique of ePIE with multiple axial intensity constraints, which is called MAIC-PIE, is proposed to drastically improve the convergence speed and reduce the calculation time. This technique requires that the diffracted light from the sample is propagated to the multiple individual axial planes, which can be achieved by using the beam splitter and multiple CCDs. In this technique, an additional intensity constraint is involved in the iterative process that makes for building the reasonable guesses of the probe and object in the first few iterations and accelerating the convergence. Simulations and experiments have verified that MAIC-PIE behaves good performance with fast convergence. The great performance and limited computational complexity make it a very attractive and promising technique for ptychographic imaging.
Evidencing the nonlinearity independence of resolution in femtosecond laser ablation
Authors: Garcia-Lechuga M. , Utéza O. , Sanner N. , Grojo D.
Published: January 2020

To overcome the resolution limits in laser processing technologies, it is highly attractive to translate concepts used in advanced optical microscopy. In this prospect, the nonlinear nature of absorption in dielectrics with femtosecond lasers is recurrently taken as a direct advantage in an analogous way to excitation in multiphoton microscopy. However, we establish that no direct benefit in resolution can be expected when laser ablation is observed. We explore widely different nonlinear regimes using ultrashort pulses at different wavelengths (1550 and 515 nm) and target materials of various bandgaps (3.8–8.8 eV). We find in the experiments that the shapes of all ablation features correspond to a one-to-one mapping of the beam contours at a strict threshold intensity. The nonlinearity-independent response shows that the incorporation of extreme UV should provide a direct route to the nanoscale resolutions routinely achieved in lithography.
Economic benefit of using testosterone gel (used externally) in men with diabetes mellitus and testosterone deficiency
Authors: Astapovskiy Alexandr A. , Bagdasaryan Alina A. , Aref’ev Konstantin I. , Serebrova Svetlana Y. , Shikh Evgeniya V. , Drozdov Vladimir N.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: High prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its input to the increase of mortality indicate that social and economic value of this disease and financial burden are great. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) enhances the effectiveness of T2DM treatment. A research was conducted to assess if Androgel therapy in diabetic men is cost-effective.
OBJECTIVES: Defining of economic benefit of adding Androgel to the T2DM treatment in men with testosterone deficiency.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Economic modeling and results of other clinical studies were used in the analysis. A guildeline of The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) was used for clinical study selection, development of economic modelling and study design, assessment of study quality. The study analyzed clinical effects (fasting morning glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA index) and mortality reduce.
RESULTS: It was shown that TRT can help to reduce costs of glycemic control, to increase efficiency in terms of cost-effectiveness analysis. Target HbA1c value can be reached by additional cost of 569.39 roubles for every patient. There is a possible additional income from 454.100 to 8.896.186 rubles though reduced mortality.
CONCLUSION: Thus, testosterone replacement therapy was shown as cost effective due to reduced costs. The analysis demonstrated HbA1c target achievement and, as a result, reduction of the T2DM outcomes and reduced mortality. There is a possible additional income from 454.100 to 8.896.186 rubles per year.
Approaches to vaccine prophilaxis of respiratory infections in patients with diabetes mellitus in the modern epidemiological situation
Authors: Tarasova Alla A. , Kostinov Michail P. , Paramonova Julia A.
Published: January 2020

This review highlights the problems of vaccine prophylaxis of pneumococcal infection and influenza in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (CD1 and CD2). The features of pneumococcal infection and influenza in conditions of unsatisfactory compensation of the disease are described. The necessity of protection against pneumococcal infection and influenza in the modern epidemiological situation is justified. Results of efficacy and safety of vaccination, including those in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, are established. The existing foreign and domestic regulatory documents on vaccine prevention of actual infections are shown.Despite the available documents on vaccination of patients with diabetes, there are problems with inadequate immunization coverage of patients with CD1 and CD2 due to the lack of precise clinical recommendations for the management of these categories both inpatient and outpatient as these recommendations do not cover the questions of vaccine prophylaxis. In Russian studies only the treatment regimens are evaluated without taking into account the fact that vaccines are related to medicines and that the prevention of respiratory infections is a curative measure and can inhibit the development of complications of diabetes.It is necessary to coordinate the work of general practitioners, pediatricians, therapists and the efforts of endocrinologists to increase the coverage of immunization of patients with various forms of diabetes mellitus.
Pasado, presente y futuro de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible (ODS). La tecnología como catalizador (o inhibidor) de la Agenda 2030
Authors: Andreu Pinillos Alberto , Fernández-Fernández José-Luis , Fernández Mateo Joaquín
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar el origen de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, entender su situación actual —especialmente por el impacto que podrá tener en ellos la tecnología— y avanzar sus posibles efectos en 2030. Para ello, se estructura en tres partes. En primer lugar, lleva a cabo un repaso histórico de los instrumentos que han contribuido a generalizar el interés por el discurso sobre un desarrollo económico que no ponga en peligro ni el futuro del planeta ni las necesidades de las generaciones por venir. De la convergencia de dichos instrumentos –y de su concreción en distintas herramientas multilaterales–, se derivan los actuales objetivos de desarrollo sostenible —ODS, en español; SDG, por sus siglas en inglés, Sustainable Development Goals— a los que nos aproximamos con talante inequívocamente favorable, pero de una manera crítica. En segundo lugar, el trabajo llama la atención respecto a cómo la tecnología y la digitalización de la economía y la sociedad —que constituyen rasgos particulares del presente momento histórico—, constituyen y representan el verdadero fermento de casi toda la tarea implícita en la enumeración y despliegue de los diecisiete ODS. Por último, se identifican y señalan algunas de las herramientas tecnológicas más señeras que, a juicio de los coautores de este trabajo, pudieran servir para la consecución de la denominada Agenda 2030. La tecnología, en efecto, puede favorecer la consecución de acuerdos y derechos, en tanto que catalizadora de los ODS. Sin embargo, declaramos también ciertos límites debidos a la complejidad de la propia Agenda 2030. Dicha complejidad reside, sobre todo, en el carácter holístico e interconectado que evidencian los problemas y retos a los que nos enfrentamos.
La fiscalidad sobre el carbono. Una aproximación a los casos de Suecia, Irlanda y Francia
Authors: Larrea Basterra Macarena , Fernández Gómez Jorge , Álvaro Hermana Roberto
Published: January 2020

La lucha contra el cambio climático ha encontrado en la fiscalidad una herramienta para avanzar en la reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Diferentes países han desarrollado figuras impositivas sobre el carbono en Europa, América o Asia.En Europa, Suecia estableció un impuesto sobre el carbono hace cerca de tres décadas, Irlanda lo adoptó en el contexto de la crisis económica de 2008 y, más recientemente, Francia alumbró su Ley de transición energética para un crecimiento verde con el apoyo de un impuesto sobre el carbono denominado contribución clima energía.Las tres experiencias, que han tenido diferentes impactos, pueden aportar luces sobre los factores que pueden favorecer el éxito de estas medidas. Para ello, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar de manera resumida las principales características no solo de los impuestos sobre el carbono, sino también de sus procesos de adopción y del destino de la recaudación obtenida.
AUARA, el compromiso de la empresa social con los ODS
Authors: Espinosa de los Monteros Antonio
Published: January 2020

En este artículo AUARA, empresa social que comercializa agua mineral natural y destina el 100% de sus dividendos a llevar agua potable a países que no disponen de este recurso, vincula su actividad a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) desde que inició su actividad, septiembre 2016, a la actualidad. La compañía ha logrado entrar en beneficios en 2018, reafirmando su modelo de impacto social.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE SOSYAL MEDYA BAĞIMLILIĞI
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Zafer
Published: January 2020

Özellikle gençler arasında yaygın olarak kullanılan sosyal medya ve sosyal medya bağımlılığı kavramı son yılların popüler konularından biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırma kapsamında da üniversite öğrencilerinde sosyal medya bağımlılığı ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş, sınıf düzeyi, kullanılan uygulamalar, öğrenim gördükleri okul, sosyal medya kullanım araçları, yaşadığı kişiler, sosyal ağları kullanım süresi gibi değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Sakarya Üniversitesi ve Beykoz Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 242 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla katılımcılara sosyal medya bağımlılığı ölçeği ve kişisel bilgi formu uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 istatistik programında analize tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarından elde edilen bulgulara göre üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerinin meşguliyet alt boyutunda orta bağımlı; duygu düzenleme alt boyutunda orta bağımlı, tekrarlama alt boyutunda az bağımlı; çatışma alt boyutunda az bağımlı son olarak da sosyal medya toplam puanında az bağımlı oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin sosyal medya bağımlılıklarının cinsiyete göre karşılaştırılmasında; meşguliyet, duygu durumu düzenleme çatışma alt boyutlar ve sosyal medya toplam puanlarında cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Erkek katılımcıların puan ortalamalarının yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Öte yandan tekrarlama alt boyutunda ise cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık elde edilmemiştir. Araştırmanın bir diğer bulgusuna göre de öğrencilerin sosyal medya kullanma süresi ile meşguliyet arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde; duygu durum düzenleme, çatışma ve sosyal medya bağımlılıkları toplam puanları ile sosyal medya kullanma süresi arasında pozitif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edildiği yönündedir.
PERCEPTION OF ACCOUNTING ORGANISATIONS NEEDS AND THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Leite Sónia Ruão
Published: January 2020

As Community Based Research (CBR) gains currency as a ‘research strategy of choice’ for the community sector (and increasingly establishes itself as a credible research approach also in the academic sector) we believe there is a need to revisit what have become the conventions of CBR and consider how these are enacted in practice. We could verify that there are several Higher Education Institutions (HEI’s) with offices of support services to the community or with this type of goal in their research projects, a demand which is also demonstrated by the organisation that evaluates the HEI’s in Portugal. Mainly, the type of problems studied by the community support centres in universities, are related with health, disabilities, and social exclusion. The current investigation is innovative because it was performed in order to identify in what way the accounting organisations need the help of HEI’s to provide independent participatory research support in response to concerns experienced by these organisations.
Through a questionnaire composed of open and closed questions it was our intention to obtain information regarding the perspective of accounting professionals considering the needs and gaps that they feel in their professional practice and how the HEI’s can contribute to help bridge these gaps.
The Importance Of Business Research Skills In Entrepreneurial Orientation For Digital Transformation
Authors: Hamburg Ileana
Published: January 2020

In recent years area of entrepreneurship has gained significant attention nationally and internationally. It is one of the main skills priorities of national governments and EU council.  Traditionally associated with commercial activity, entrepreneurship has gained traction as a key competence necessary to allow society as a whole to adapt to the changing economic climate. An important aspect particularly in the digital transformation is entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as the proactive nature of businesses of products and services in the market seeking for new innovations by even investing into it in spite of the high risk following it (Miller, 1993). It seems that organizations guided by a combination of market, technology, entrepreneurial learning (EL) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) are well-positioned to take advantage of the opportunities presented by digital technologies.

 Small and medium sized companies (SMEs) greatly contribute to employment and wealth in Europe but there are limited studies into the specific skills needs required for SMEs into the future.  Skills such as problem solving, critical thinking and entrepreneurship allow learners to adapt to changes, communication, digital skills and teamwork allow learners to collaborate and exploit technology in the changing workplace.  Research is a key element of entrepreneurial success, but how these skills particularly workplace-oriented ones improve entrepreneurial orientation has not been widely explored in the literature. 

This paper explores the importance of EO and entrepreneurship today, the skills required to allow our society to become more entrepreneurial and identifies the potential of workplace research skills to develop entrepreneurial capacity in all facets of work, particularly within SMEs.
Impact of Monetary Policy Shocks on Macroeconomic Fundamentals: The Role of Asymmetry and Uncertainty in Nigeria
Authors: Deekor LeeLee N.
Published: January 2020

That monetary policy is made in an environment of substantial uncertainty is only a commonplace knowledge. But for the peculiar vulnerability of monetary authorities to exogenous conditions in developing economies, we hypothesized for the role of uncertainty in the asymmetry effect of monetary policy. Essentially, we explore both money supply and interest rate process using linear and non-linear ARDL to show that political pressure such as variability in government borrowing has the potential to accelerate the asymmetry effect of monetary policy. We also observe the asymmetry effect of monetary policy to be sensitive to the choice of monetary policy indicator. These findings suggest that monetary authorities must consider not only the effectiveness or otherwise of monetary policy instruments to affect the target policy goals, but also the fact that not all the target variables react in a similar way to expansionary and contractionary monetary policy shocks.
Farm Funds Optimisation For Community Entrepreneurship At Tobati Village Jayapura City
Authors: Rante Yohanis , Ratang Sarlota
Published: January 2020

The village fund is expected village government and technical institutions can realize the vision of Jayapura city government that believes, independent, unified, modern, prosperous based local wisdom.  The city of Jayapura has established the Community Entrepreneurship Agency (BKM) in each village/village/Kelurahan in order to manage the funds of the village/village/Kelurahan more effectively, efficient, precisely targeted to support the governance activities Good and transparent. The purpose of this research is to describe the management of ADD in village community empowerment as well as driving and inhibiting factors. The results showed that optimizing village funds allocation in the development of community entrepreneurship at Village Tobati Jayapura City is already running but not maximally, hence the need for strategy.  STRATEGY (W-O) makes strategy that utilizes the opportunity to overcome weaknesses, namely consist of: Government policy that makes Village Tobati as a demonstration village for tourism, this is an opportunity to add Income or family's confidentiality. The help of Village fund, ADK, ADD the average routine each year.  The commitment of the city government to improve and develop fisheries sector, especially the cultivation of fish cages very smooth and good means of transportation, and the help of the Prospect fund from the years 2016 and 2017 for the business of kiosk, sales Pinang, vegetable sales + Seasoning Kitchen, selling cold beverages + juice jacket, selling yellow rice, handicraft business, business selling pulse, oil kerosene + gasoline, net business. The opportunities mentioned above show that weaknesses in Village Tobati can be overcome well because of the very dominant opportunities in the village. Therefore the need for awareness from the local community to take advantage of the opportunities that exist for the welfare of the family in doing some very promising efforts.
The Low Value of Equality and Social Inclusion in Fragmented and Discriminatory Latin American Societies
Authors: Gomes Cristina
Published: January 2020

This article aims to analyze the fragmented mix of social policies in Latin America, guided by minimalist principles and instruments of liberal thinking on individual meritocracy and contributory insurance, in order to discuss the challenges to and possibilities of developing universal policies. The article describes the historically social, economic and political contexts and pressures that frame the process of building fragmented social policies in the region; the contradictions, disadvantages, and limited achievements of these fragmented systems in terms of coverage, generosity and quality of health and pensions. Results show that expansive and fragmented welfare policies reproduce differences in quality and scope and increase social inequalities and conflicts; the challenges of building universal rights, citizenship and equality in Latin America, considering current public-private agreements, political coalitions, and interclass alliances, and the need to reorient social policies in order to overcome conflicts of interest, discrimination and market resistance, and to
promote equality.
The impact of the private provision of WASH services on sustainable economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Nicholson Michael
Published: January 2020

This paper analyzes the expanded role of the private sector in the provision of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in Africa. Since 2010, private capital has entered the WASH sector throughout the continent via innovative mechanisms such as municipal bonds and equity funds. The surge of capital has attempted to fill the $2.5 trillion annual investment gap that the United Nations (2014) estimates for key development sectors.  A tension exists, however, between the private-sector-enabled provision of WASH services and key Sustainable Development Goals, particularly offering affordable water and ending chronic poverty. For example, the World Bank (2016) recently found that in countries that declare the right to “free” water, an underserved impoverished class often must pay a much higher price for water than the rich. The current analysis provides an empirical inquiry into the conditions under which the private sector is attracted to the provision of WASH services and estimates its subsequent impact on both economic growth and inclusive development.
Polská přísloví ve sbírce Václava Flajšhanse Česká přísloví
Authors: Mokienko Valerij M.
Published: January 2020

Článek ukazuje polská přísloví obsažená ve slovníku Česká přísloví Václava Flajšhanse. Autor poznamenává, že vedle významné skupiny lexikálních výpůjček, které pronikaly z polštiny do češtiny v 19. století, je zde také velká skupina přísloví. Ve slovníku Flajšhanse se rozlišují informace, které dokazují, že autor slovníku je si vědom toho, že některá přísloví mohou být společná východním a západním Slovanům.
OneBookShelf Community Content Programs and the Polish RPG Fandom
Authors: Golonka Marek
Published: January 2020

The paper analyses the almost complete absence of Polish RPG designers from OneBookShelf’s community content programs for various tabletop RPG systems, proposing an explanation for this absence based on the development of the RPG fandom in Poland. A part of the argument is concerned with a relatively weak position of Dungeons & Dragons in Poland compared to the English market and with the Polish RPG players’ lack of interest in the market of digital materials for tabletop RPGs. The main hypothesis, however, connects the Polish absence from community content programs with how the long absence of professional systems and the permanently small market of commercial RPGs in Poland might have increased the intensity of prosumption of RPGs among Polish fans but simultaneously limited their chance to gain skills and knowledge necessary to publish and market the results of this prosumption on a professional or semi-professional level. Statements of Jan Sielicki – the only Polish RPG designer who published numerous and successful supplements under community content programs – are quoted to reinforce this hypothesis and show how Sielicki gained the necessary skills outside of the Polish RPG fandom.