bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Support or Interference? Support and Academic Achievements Among Majority and Minority Groups of Undergraduate Students Studying Together
Authors: Guterman Oz , Neuman Ari , Gill Efrat
Published: February 2024

Research indicates differences between the Jewish majority and the Arab minority groups in Israel in terms of academic achievements. Some explanations refer to cultural and social differences between the groups, which are expressed in greater reliance on family support among the students of Arab origin. The present research examined the relationship between social support from family and friends and first-year grades, of undergraduates studying together. In order to examine these questions, 204 students studying together were examined, half of them of Arab origin and half of them of Jewish average. For all the subjects, grades over time, the degree of social support, and a number of other variables were examined. The findings indicate a complex association between level of social support and student grades. Among students who sensed a high level of threat, social support actually correlated with lower grade levels. This effect was found mainly regarding family support among the students of Arab origin, and mainly regarding support from friends among the students of Jewish origin.
 
Received: 9 December 2023 | Revised: 23 January 2024 | Accepted: 6 February 2024 
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Oz Guterman: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Ari Neuman: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Efrat Gill: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MATERI LUAS PERMUKAAN SERTA VOLUME KUBUS DAN BALOK DI KELAS VIII-8 SMPN 3 BIREUEN SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Herawati Herawati
Published: February 2024

This research aims to find out: Can the application of the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) learning model improve mathematics learning outcomes in the surface area and volume of cubes and blocks in class VIII-8 at SMPN 3 Bireuen? The research method used is classroom action research (PTK) which consists of 2 cycles. The research subjects were 35 students in Class VIII-8 of SMP Negeri 3 Bireuen for the 2021/2022 academic year. Data analysis uses cooperative descriptive analysis techniques by comparing initial conditions with the results achieved in each cycle, and qualitative descriptive analysis of observation results by comparing the results of observations and reflections in cycle I and cycle II. The increase in learning outcomes is shown by the percentage of completeness of learning outcomes obtained in the first cycle of student learning outcomes. Of the 35 students who took the first cycle test, 27 students (77.14%) completed the test while 8 students (22.86%) did not complete it. . In cycle II, the results obtained were that of the 35 students who took the cycle II test, 33 (94.29%) students completed the test, while 2 (5.71%) students did not complete it.
Atmósferas, figuras, acciones: configuraciones del miedo en la pandemia
Authors: Fernández Anna María
Published: February 2024

Las emociones y los sentimientos aúnan sensaciones, relaciones, intenciones, direcciones y acciones. Las emociones son construcciones psíquicas y sociales, vínculos y movimientos entre individuos y sociedades. Este texto se inspira en la configuración social del miedo desde Rossana Reguillo, Sara Ahmed y Martha Nussbaum; tres mujeres que han estudiado las emociones y en concreto la que se subraya en estas páginas. 
Dicho sentimiento se contextualiza en tiempos de pandemia en México, con objeto de realizar un acercamiento e interpretación a los miedos biológicos y sociales, cognitivos y relacionales, vividos. En concreto, cómo se construye el miedo, a qué y a quién, qué hace y en dónde circula, a través de atmósferas, figuras y acciones. Para ello, se cuenta con entrevistas aplicadas a la población de la Ciudad de México en los años 2020, 2021 y 2022 sobre las emociones.
Entre los hallazgos encontrados, se observan miedos en plural, sentidos en la mente, el cuerpo y como clima emocional en la sociedad, que paraliza a los humanos y a los colectivos sociales. Miedos relacionales, intencionales que circulan, distancian, separan y aíslan. Miedos que enjuician y condenan, y que, lejos de proteger, dividen, enfrentan y debilitan.
Identificación y control de robots paralelos en el espacio de estados con un laboratorio remoto
Authors: Peidró Adrián , Payá Luis , Ballesta Mónica , Gil Arturo , Reinoso Óscar
Published: February 2024

En este artículo se presenta un laboratorio remoto para realizar prácticas de identificación y control de dos robots paralelos reales mediante Internet. El laboratorio remoto tiene una arquitectura cliente-servidor. El cliente es una interfaz de control Java que permite comandar experimentos y visualizar los resultados en forma de gráficas y de imágenes de video en tiempo real de los robots. Por su parte, el servidor es un computador industrial que controla a los robots mediante una tarjeta de control dSPACE 1103 programada con Matlab/Simulink, y además ejecuta Jimserver y otros programas de gestión que permiten reservar y utilizar los robots de forma segura. El artículo describe e ilustra varias prácticas y experimentos que pueden realizarse con el laboratorio remoto presentado, como la identificación del modelo de estado linealizado de los robots, el diseño de reguladores integrales con realimentación del estado, o estudiar cómo las singularidades de los robots paralelos disminuyen su controlabilidad.
Dijalog država članica sa sudom EU kroz prethodno pitanje s posebnim osvrtom na prethodno pitanje Ustavnog suda RH upućenog sudu EU
Authors:   Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Petrašević Tunjica , Miščević Sanja
Published: February 2024

The institute of preliminary reference is regulated by the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter: TFEU) and it serves as the sole effective mean of communication between national courts and the EU Court. In addition to its key role in unifying and harmonizing judicial practices, the preliminary reference institute guarantees the effectiveness of judicial protection, implementation of the principles of equality and security, seeking to ensure an equal legal position for all Union citizens. In this paper, the authors elucidate the role of the preliminary reference procedure in the legal order of the European Union (hereinafter: EU), emphasizing the scarce intention of national constitutional courts to refer a preliminary question and their current issues. Taking into account the fact that the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia posed a preliminary question to the EU Court for the first time in April 2023, a process that is still ongoing, the authors analyze the submitted request, problematizing the potential elements of discrimination regarding the freedom of movement of students studying at foreign universities, referring to related examples from the EU Court’s case law.
Nacionalno iscrpljenje prava intelektualne svojine kao izazov za inicijativu "Otvoreni Balkan"
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Law, Serbia, Vujičić Novak
Published: February 2024

In the following paper, we will discuss the possible adverse impact that the regimes of national exhaustion of intellectual property rights, currently applied in the member states, could pose to the Open Balkan initiative. The regimes of national exhaustion of intellectual property rights (implemented in the region) block parallel imports (trade) of the protected goods within the region, i.e., the imports of the protected goods outside the official distribution channels established by the rightholders. Consequently, they impede the establishment of the regional free movement of goods anticipated by the Open Balkan initiative. The aim of our paper is to shed light on this challenge facing the Open Balkan initiative and indicate a possible approach for addressing it.
Um olhar sobre a realidade educacional da educação de jovens e adultos em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Pereira Erika Gomes , Costa Heliana Pereira da
Published: February 2024

The teaching modality Youth and Adult Education (YLE) aims to provide opportunities for youth, adults, andthe elderly who have not completed their studies in due time, to return to the classroom. In this research paperwe seek to understand the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the teaching-learning process of the EJA modality,considering the need for social distance and the use of remote learning, analyzing how the permanenceof students is facing these impacts. Constituted in a qualitative and dialectical perspective, it was producedfollowing the descriptive and exploratory research types, through bibliographic research involving the authorsFreire (2020), Silva (2017), Barreto (2004), among others. In addition, fi eld research was conducted, of thecase study type, carried out in the Acre Municipal School in the municipality of Porto Grande, Amapá State. Itinvolved fi ve teachers who work in EJA, two managers, six students who attend EJA, and three former studentswho dropped out of EJA, who answered a questionnaire with open and closed questions. The report includes anintroduction where initial information about the research work carried out is presented, the state of knowledgeand the methodological procedures that were adopted, the results and discussions about the data that wereobtained from the investigation, the complementary didactic proposals arising from the research carriedout, and, fi nally, the fi nal considerations of the work carried out are described. The repercussions of the work indicate that the diffi culties encountered in this teaching modality during the pandemic period are many:lack of technological knowledge on the part of teachers and students, lack of communication between teacherand student, the ignorance of words and the inability to formulate an addition account are issues that haveworsened in the current pandemic scenario, contributing even more to the gap in the teaching-learning process.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE ESTEREÓTIPOS E OBJETIFICAÇÃO DA POPULAÇÃO NEGRA NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA- UM OLHAR HISTORIOGRÁFICO
Authors: Silva Jairo Ribeiro da
Published: February 2024

Article elaborated as a course conclusion work of specialization in Afro-Brazilian History and Culture, based on the historiography of slavery and post-abolition of the black population in Brazil, and its repercussions on the mentality and culture that generates common sense in the country. Analyzing, exposing and relating various contexts and historical dynamics, it makes a succinct but concise approach to the process of dehumanization of racialized people as "negres" and the consequent view of utilities to this day. The process of stigmatization and feeding of stereotypes, which conditions such individuals to predetermined social places, and exclusion, is the main focus; in order to contribute to the understanding of the strength that the slave-based historical process had in structuring the exclusion of the black population in Brazil and its consequent naturalization of this exclusion and marginalization.
O PAPEL DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL NA GARANTIA DOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS
Authors: Leiria Junior Sisnando , Cardoso Anderson Moraes , Bicca Hugo Anael Gomes , Lima Gabriel de Paula , Georg Pamela , Jardim Orvandil Colares , Guerra Denize Bathaglini , Abreu Eduardo Monteiro , Troleiz Vinícius Ferri , Fagundes Wasley Barbosa
Published: February 2024

The Federal Constitution is an essential instrument in guaranteeing social rights. It establishes the legal bases for the protection of these rights, being responsible forcreating the necessary mechanisms for their eff ectiveness. Based on the Constitution, public policies and social programs are created that seek to guarantee access to social rights, such as health, education, housing, decent work, among others. In addition, the Constitution also provides for the responsibility of the State in the promotion of social rights, establishing that it must act eff ectively in the protection of these rights and guarantee their universalization. Despite the challenges in implementing social rights, the Federal constitutionisan important instrument for building amore just and egalitarian society, as itensures the protection of these fundamental rights and promotes social inclusion and human dignity.
O PAPEL DOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS NA PROTEÇÃO DOS CIDADÃOS
Authors: Cardozo Eduardo Lopes , Cardoso Anderson Moraes , Bicca Hugo Anael Gomes , Lima Gabriel de Paula , Georg Pamela , Jardim Orvandil Colares , Guerra Denize Bathaglini , Abreu Eduardo Monteiro , Ferreira Junior Roberto , Pinto Jeferson Ferreira
Published: February 2024

The issue of social rights, which are considered second-dimensional rights, is of great importance in the Brazilian legal system. These rights require the State to assume aprovisional role in reducing inequalities, becoming a fundamental right. To fulfi ll thisobligation, it is necessary for the State to intervenein social life,implementingf undamental rights and creating policies for inclusion and social development throughlaws and incentives. The eff ectiveness, application and realization of social rights require action by the State, but it is necessary to understand the concept of the serights and the dimension inwhichthey fi t,aswellastheir eff ectiveness,mainlyinthe Federal Constitution. In order to achieve the realization of social rights, which are those thatrequire positive action from the State, it is necessary to analyze the principle of effi ciency,public policies and affi rmative actions. In addition,thisarticlewilldemonstrate the following objective: to present the role of social rights in protecting citizens.This article approaches a qualitative research with bibliographical data collection. Based on a theoretical review, the study will demonstrate that social rightsare fundamental for the protection of citizens.
Os princípios da reanimação direcionados às queimaduras e traumas elétricos
Authors: Caumol Yngrid Jazmin Lino , Harabari Patrícia Andrade de Araújo , Gomes José Carlos Domingos , Rodrigues Emiliane , Wernsbach Israel Bregonci Trancoso , Sousa Vanessa da Costa , Oliveira Thiago Arthur Machado de , Guimaraes Joao Victor Araujo , Guimarães Ana Carolina Campos Moraes , Nascimento Édsel Silva Belleza do , Verza Rafaela Kirsch , Gonçalves Jennifer Freitas Galvão , Bezerra Antonio Marcus Vinicius Rocha Pereira , Nogueira Renata de Alencar , Barbosa Mariana Amorim , Alves Claudia Soares , Pereira Amanda Trindade , Almeida Lara Bernardes , Ferreira Gabriel Silva Assaf , Sonda Marília , Groberio Rodrigo Miranda , Redivo Junior Nildo , Redivo Maria Lorena Ribeiro , Khan Muhammad adnan , Lima Dalmo Hollen Dias Aniceto de , Diogo João Pedro Lima , Castro Mariana Ramos de , Rocha José Songlei da Silva , Tavares Thiago de Mello , Ferreira Lucas Luiz Fitipaldi , Nunes Lucas Cordeiro de Queiroz , Araujo Jaqueline Maria Pinheiro de , Viegas Bruno de Andrade , Cavalcante Luciane Mari Brito , Ferreira Caio César , Balestra Eduarda Vianna Guimarães , Oliveira Clarice Paiva de , Lopes Felipe Cesar Dos Santos , Ribeiro Yure Kayan da Rocha , Santos Aristóteles Andrade dos , Martins Luisa Vital , Burato Bruna Aparecida dos Santos , Borges João Pedro Braga , Moneró Edgar Veiga , Assis Felipe Roque de , Queiroz Gustavo Roque de , Tayt-Sohn Bárbara dos Santos , Teixeira Filho Mauro Lopes , Almeida Malu de Aquino , Silva Luilson cruz Alves da , Sobreira Daniel de Paula , Melo Caio Afonso Pereira de , Oliveira Letícia Duarte de , Serrano Ruth Isabel Zuna , Soares Claudia Regina Belo , Sarmento Maíra Lopes , Garcia Alejandro Ferrer , Khan Abid Ashraf , Lima Arlon Gravatá Almeida , D’Afonseca Giordano Bruno Custódio , Santos Marília Lima de Moura , Barbosa Ana Letícia Batista Leal , Di Mango Guilherme Antônio Niemeyer , Nascimento Amanda Souza do , Corgozinho Anne Caroline
Published: February 2024

Burns represent the main determinants of death in Brazil. These are injuries to organic tissues arising from agents (chemical, electrical and chemical) that have the potential to develop excessive heat, deteriorating body tissues and causing cell death. Burns can be classifi ed according to the causative agent and the depth of the lesions, there are burns of the type (chemical, thermal, electrical, ionizing, biological, by attrition or friction). The reached level of a burn, that is, the depth, is determined by the clinical examination, based on the observation of the pathological aspects of the lesions and on palpation. The assessment of injuries resulting from burns is crucial for the clinical management to be established, prioritizing the victim’s survival and a good prognosis by avoiding damage to existing injuries.
Comparações entre Metodologias para Estimativa de Vazões Mínimas de Referência utilizadas em Concessão da Outorga
Authors: Silva Taena Roberta Poeta Castilho da , Marcilio Dra. Débora Cintia , Oening Dra. Ana Paula , Detzel Dr. Daniel Henrique Marco
Published: February 2024

The State Water Resources Policy aims to ensure control, for current and future users, of water use and its use in satisfactory quantity, quality and regime. Current legislation provides, as one of the instruments for managing water resources, the granting of the right to use water to its holder for a pre-established period and in a personal and non-transferable manner. As only part of the minimum reference flows can be granted, there is a limitation on the use of water. In periods of lower water availability, it is necessary to analyze the influence of the seasonality of flows in the criteria for granting water use, creating alternatives for the management of water resources. In this context, the present work was carried out with the objective of evaluating and comparing the minimum reference flows and verifying the possibility of an increase in water availability for different users. Data from five fluviometric stations of the Alto Iguaçu and Ribeira watersheds, both located in the state of Paraná, were used, comparing values required by current legislation with those obtained by methodologies used mainly in the United States and Europe Method, Q_7,10Tennant Method, Wet Perimeter Method. The results obtained allowed us to state that the minimum reference flows can be adjusted since the methodologies applied to the same fluviometric stations result in different values for the minimum reference flows.
Predição de cobertura e Tráfego SMP no município de Chapadinha no Maranhão
Authors: De assis Wesley Costa
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on the region of Chapadinha, located in Maranhão, and explores the importance of predicting the coverage and traffic of Personal Mobile Service (PMS) to meet local communication and connectivity needs. The municipality faces challenges related to the quality of PMS coverage and traffic capacity, negatively impacting the lives of citizens and the performance of businesses. The study employs data analysis methods to evaluate PMS coverage and traffic demand in Chapadinha, with the aim of promoting technological development and digital inclusion in the region.
A NECESSIDADE DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA NO ENSINO BÁSICO E APERSPECTIVA EDUCACIONAL DO PROFESSOR INOVADOR
Authors: Fagundes Raphael , Dos Santos Maria Pricila Miranda
Published: February 2024

This article addresses the topic of technological education in elementary and secondary education in public schools, theoretically analyzing authors and legislative and executive achievements in the technological-educational scope, and the proportions of the viability of modern and accessible instruments for children and young people, as well as their use in a school environment. The need for an innovative education professional for young people and teaching professionals who need help familiarizing themselves with technological-pedagogical objects is also analyzed. Finally, a brief interview is given with a teacher who coordinates innovation at a public state school, a position provided by the state department of education, in which this professional’s perspectives and reflections can be considered, together with the theoretical one.
CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN SCIENCE: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ACHIEVEMENTS
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Ukraine,   State Institution "Research Institute of Psychiatry of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine"
Published: February 2024

Interdisciplinary research of modern trends in science and its practical application
AIR QUALITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH: A REVIEW OF URBAN POLLUTION SOURCES AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Authors: Opeoluwa Oluwanifemi Akomolafe  , Tolulope Olorunsogo  , Evangel Chinyere Anyanwu  , Femi Osasona  , Jane Osareme Ogugua  , Onyeka Henry Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

Urbanization has led to unprecedented challenges in maintaining air quality, significantly impacting public health. This review delves into the diverse sources of urban pollution and explores effective mitigation measures to safeguard public well-being. The rising concentration of pollutants in urban areas, primarily attributed to industrial activities, vehicular emissions, and domestic energy consumption, poses a severe threat to the respiratory and cardiovascular health of urban populations. The review begins by examining the key sources of urban pollution, highlighting the complex interplay between anthropogenic activities and their cumulative impact on air quality. Industrial emissions, characterized by the release of particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and hazardous chemicals, contribute significantly to urban air pollution. Likewise, the surge in vehicular traffic, fueled by rapid urbanization, introduces pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, further exacerbating the problem. To address these challenges, the review explores a spectrum of mitigation measures. Implementation of stringent emission standards for industries, adoption of cleaner technologies, and promotion of renewable energy sources emerge as critical strategies. Additionally, urban planning initiatives focusing on efficient public transportation systems, pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, and green spaces are examined as effective means to reduce vehicular emissions and enhance air quality. The review also underscores the importance of public awareness campaigns and community engagement in fostering a collective commitment to air quality improvement. Innovative technological solutions, such as air quality monitoring networks and real-time data analytics, are discussed as indispensable tools for informed decision-making and prompt intervention. This review synthesizes current knowledge on urban pollution sources and mitigation measures, emphasizing the urgent need for a multidimensional approach to protect public health. By comprehensively addressing the intricate web of pollution contributors and implementing proactive measures, urban environments can be transformed into healthier and sustainable spaces for all residents.

Keywords: Air Quality, Public Health, Urban Pollution, Mitigation, Review.
DO TABU À TOLERÂNCIA: REFLEXÕES CRÍTICAS SOBRE A COMPREENSÃO DA DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL E DE GÊNERO
Authors: Oliveira Kelvi da Silva
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar reflexões críticas sobre a compreensão da diversidade sexual e de gênero, explorando a trajetória desde a estigmatização até a emergência da tolerância. O texto adota uma abordagem crítica, examinando as mudanças culturais, normativas e individuais que moldaram a maneira como a sociedade percebe e lida com diversas expressões de sexualidade e identidade de gênero. Aprofunda-se nas complexidades das transformações culturais, destacando conquistas importantes na promoção da tolerância e analisando de forma crítica o papel das normativas legais nesse processo, avaliando seu impacto na promoção de direitos e na redução de discriminações. Além disso, o estudo não se limita a uma análise retrospectiva, mas também projeta um olhar para o futuro. Propõe reflexões sobre os desafios persistentes e sugere direções potenciais para a sociedade avançar em direção a uma compreensão mais abrangente e acolhedora da diversidade sexual e de gênero. Com uma abordagem reflexiva e crítica, o artigo busca contribuir significativamente para o contínuo diálogo sobre essa temática crucial, ressaltando a necessidade de transformações culturais para a construção de sociedades mais justas e inclusivas.
pH regulates the formation of organosulfates and inorganic sulfate from organic peroxide reaction with dissolved SO2 in aquatic media
Authors: Du Lin , Lv Xiaofan , Lily Makroni , Li Kun , Tsona Tchinda Narcisse
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Organic peroxides (OPs) are an important component of dissolved organic matter (DOM), detected in various aquatic media. Despite their unique functions as redox agents in water ecosystems, the complete mechanisms and factors controlling their transformation are not explicitly established. Here, we evaluate the pH effect on the aqueous-phase reaction of three selected OPs (methyl hydroperoxide (MHP), peracetic acid (PAA), and benzoyl peroxide (BZP)) with dissolved SO2. Results show that due to the presence of the hydroperoxyl group in their structures, MHP and PAA are susceptible to forming inorganic sulfate and organosulfate (methyl sulfate for MHP and acetyl sulfate for PAA) depending on the pH, while BZP exclusively forms organosulfate (benzoyl sulfate) in the pH range investigated. Moreover, it is seen that the ability of PAA to form inorganic sulfate relative to organosulfate is more pronounced, which is supported by a previous experimental observation. The effective rate constants of the transformation of these peroxides within the pH 1–10 and 240–340 K ranges exhibit positive pH and temperature dependencies, and BZP is seen to degrade more effectively than MHP and PAA. In addition to the pH impact, it is highlighted that the formation of organic and/or inorganic sulfate strongly depends on the nature of the substituents on the peroxy function. Namely, PAA and BZP are more reactive than MHP, which may be attributed to the electron-withdrawing effects of -C(O)R (R = -CH3 and -C6H5 for PAA and BZP, respectively) substituents that activate the peroxy function. The results further indicate that the aqueous-phase degradation of OPs can adequately drive the change in the chemical composition of DOM, both in terms of organic and inorganic sulfate mass fractions.
First observation of the Transient Luminous Events effect on the ionospheric Schumann Resonance, based on the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite
Authors: Qiu Shican , Wang Zhe , Lu Gaopeng , Zhima Zeren , Soon Willie , Velasco Herrera Victor Manuel , Ju Peng
Published: February 2024

Abstract. In this study, we focus on the effect among the Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) at Luoding (22.76° N, 111.57° E), the lightnings by the World Wide Lightning Location Network, and the ionospheric electric field from the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite. The results show that on September 25, 2021, the signal-to-noise ratio of the Schumann Resonance at the first mode of 6.5 Hz and the second mode of 13 Hz dropped below 2.5 during the TLEs. A significant enhancement of the energy in ULF occurred, and the power spectral density increased substantially. Distinct lightning whistler waves were found in VLF band, further indicating the energy could possibly be excited by the lightnings. Our results indicate that the observations of electric field from the satellite could possibly be utilized to monitor the lower atmospheric lightnings and their impact on the space environment.
A stochastic parameterization of ice sheet surface mass balance for the Stochastic Ice-Sheet and Sea-Level System Model (StISSM v1.0)
Authors: Ultee Lizz , Robel Alexander A. , Castruccio Stefano
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Many scientific and societal questions that draw on ice sheet modeling necessitate sampling a wide range of potential climatic changes and realizations of internal climate variability. For example, coastal planning literature demonstrates a demand for probabilistic sea level projections with quantified uncertainty. Further, robust attribution of past and future ice sheet change to specific processes or forcings requires a full understanding of the space of possible ice sheet behaviors. The wide sampling required to address such questions is computationally infeasible with sophisticated numerical climate models at the resolution required to accurately force ice sheet models. Stochastic generation of climate forcing of ice sheets offers a complementary alternative. Here, we describe a method to construct a stochastic generator for ice sheet surface mass balance varying in time and space. We demonstrate the method with an application to Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass balance for 1980–2012. We account for spatial correlations among glacier catchments using sparse covariance techniques, and we apply an elevation-dependent downscaling to recover gridded surface mass balance fields suitable for forcing an ice sheet model while including feedback from changing ice sheet surface elevation. The efficiency gained in the stochastic method supports large-ensemble simulations of ice sheet change in a new stochastic ice sheet model. We provide open source Python workflows to support use of our stochastic approach for a broad range of applications.
Understanding flow characteristics from tsunami deposits at Odaka, Joban Coast, using a deep neural network (DNN) inverse model
Authors: Mitra Rimali , Naruse Hajime , Abe Tomoya
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami inundated the Joban coastal area in the Odaka region of the city of Minamisoma, up to 2818 m from the shoreline. In this study, the flow characteristics of the tsunami were reconstructed from deposits using the DNN (deep neural network) inverse model, suggesting that the tsunami inundation occurred in the Froude supercritical condition. The DNN inverse model effectively estimated the tsunami flow parameters in the Odaka region, including the maximum inundation distance, flow velocity, maximum flow depth, and sediment concentration. Despite having a few topographical anthropogenic undulations that caused the inundation height to fluctuate greatly, the reconstructed maximum flow depth and flow velocity were reasonable and close to the values reported in the field observations. The reconstructed data around the Odaka region were characterized by an extremely high velocity (12.1 m s−1). This study suggests that the large fluctuation in flow depths on the Joban Coast compared with the stable flow depths in the Sendai Plain can be explained by the inundation in the supercritical flow condition.
Design and Development of Variable Rate Metering System for Fertilizer Application
Authors: Bholuram Gurjar  , P. K. Sahoo  , Adarsh Kumar
Published: February 2024

A variable rate fertilizer metering mechanism was designed by changing the speed of the feed shaft for use in variable rate fertilizer applicator. A micro-controller unit programmed with a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) motor driver was used to run the feed shaft for varying speeds. Two types of fluted rollers (straight and helical flute) were used with varying number of flutes having same volume for each fluted roller. No significant difference in discharge rate between helical and straight fluted roller was observed with varying number of flutes (6, 8, 10, and 12). However the discharge rate of SSP fertilizer was significantly higher than that for DAP. Also, significant difference was observed in applied torque and power requirement for straight and helical flute.
THE IMPACT OF URBAN EXPANSION AND SUSTAINABLE FARMING PRACTICES IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Anthropology PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Fatima Warisha
Published: February 2024

In Pakistan population growth rate has increased drastically, in the recent years. It is the matter of serious concern for a country like Pakistan because the economy of the state lies in the agricultural sector and urban expansion is threatening our sustainable farming. With the expansion of urbanization, fertile land is shrinking which leads to economic devolution. People use to migrate from rural to urban areas in large number in recent years, due to the availability of better opportunities including better health and education services, good transportation and communication and a better livelihood in urban regions, this resulted in the shortage of fertile land in country. This paper is written through systemic literature review of recently published 20 articles. Secondary data is collected by examining data from Google scholar, and JStore. This data was collected, reviewed and analyzed to find out the causes, results, impacts and the consequences of urbanization. This article highlights the significance of proper urban planning, sustainable farming practices and prosperity of agriculture sector in the country. The review of the studies revealed that one major reason is the development of housing societies which focused more fertile land being consumed to ensure better life standards. Reduced agriculture land has affected the economy by increasing the dependence on imports of food products to fulfill the local demand affected the economy of country. Through proper urban planning and better housing policies we can spare more land for agricultural use. It will make us less dependent on imports and lead to a sustainable economy. Key words: Urbanization, sustainable farming, agriculture, land capacity, Pakistan
Benefits, costs and enabling conditions to achieve ‘water for all’ in rural and remote Australia
Authors: Manero Ana , Grafton Quentin
Published: February 2024

Australia will not meet Sustainable Development Goal target 6.1, to “achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all” by 2030, unless water service provision is improved to hundreds of small (less than 10,000 residents), rural and remote (SRR) communities. We have estimated the national benefits of a programme to upgrade drinking water services to ensure ‘good quality’ for 395 Australian SRR communities using a stated preference survey of 3,523 participants reflective of the Australian population. Using multiple model estimates, we calculated the willingness to pay at between AUD 324 and AUD 847 per Australian household per year for 10 years. Aggregating across the relevant Australian population, we calculated the aggregate willingness to pay for water quality improvements at AUD 1.2–4.7 billion yr−1, or AUD 8.3–33.2 billion as a 10-year net present value. We further estimated the capital and operating costs to provide ‘good-quality’ drinking water in the 395 SRR communities under three scenarios; the costs range from AUD 0.51 to AUD 3.29 million per community and, in total, from AUD 0.2 billion to AUD 1.3 billion.
The effect of curcumin oral gel on radiation-induced oral mucositis in relation to salivary epidermal growth factor
Authors: Alsalim Sarah Adnan , Diajil Ameena Ryhan
Published: February 2024

Background: Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) poses a significant challenge in the management of head and neck cancer patients (HNCs). Patients may require adjustments in their cancer treatment, such as dose reductions or treatment delays, which can decrease the effectiveness of the antineoplastic therapy. Numerous clinical investigations have demonstrated that curcumin, an herbal agent, exhibits a wide range of pharmacologic actions, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticarcinogenic effects and the ability to enhance wound healing.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of curcumin oral gel with the magic solution (dexamethasone-based mouthwash) as a standard mouthwash treatment for RIOM in relation to salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) before and after radiation therapy.

Methods: Thirty-one HNCs who received radiotherapy with a head and neck mask were divided into the curcumin oral gel and the magic-solution groups. Saliva samples were collected before radiation, at the 3rd week of radiation, and post-radiation. Salivary EGF was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RIOM was assessed using both the WHO and the VAS scales.

Results: Significant differences were found between both groups in the WHO scale (P = 0.027) and VAS score (P = 0.047). Patients who used oral curcumin gel presented with less severe RIOM and elevated salivary EGF levels during the radiation sessions.

Conclusion: Curcumin oral gel might be an effective agent in preventing and managing RIOM, as evidenced by the observed increase in salivary EGF.
Ocean acidification detrimentally affects mineralization and photosynthetic efficiency of the brown alga Padina pavonica at a CO2 vent
Authors: Iluz David , Prada Fiorella , Abu-Gosh Said , Mancuso Arianna , Caroselli Erik , Tittarelli Mara , Goffredo Stefano , Falini Giuseppe , Pinchasov-Grinblat Yulia , Dubinsky Zvy
Published: February 2024

Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are causing ocean acidification potentially leading to significant consequences for marine organisms, particularly those that build calcium carbonate structures. In the present study, we examined the effects of decreasing pH on the
photosynthetic efficiency and spectral reflectance of the calcifying alga Padina pavonica naturally occurring along a natural pH gradient generated by a CO2 vent near the Island of Panarea (Italy). Based on the photoacoustic determination of photosynthetic light energy utilization
efficiency, we found that the photosynthetic efficiency of P. pavonica decreased with decreasing pH. In the most acidified sites, calcium carbonate across the algae decreased while the changes in absorption light at 483 nm (carotenoids) in relation to green light (562 nm) ratio indicate
an increase in the contribution of carotenoids to algal pigments towards the more acidic sites. Here we show, for the first time, the effects of seawater acidification on the optical properties of a Mediterranean calcifying phototroph under low pH conditions at CO2 vents.
SIZE AND ORGAN-SPECIFIC VARIATIONS IN PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF FRIGATE TUNA (Auxis thazard)
Authors: Islam Md. Rashedul , Habiba Umma , Rahman Sk. Mustafizur
Published: February 2024

Different species of tuna are well-known seafood items for their economic importance and nutritional profiles. Tuna is a cheap marine fish of Bangladesh but is not popular with consumers compared to other coastal and marine fishes. In this study, the proximate composition of tuna (Auxis thazard) was compared based on their size and body portions because size and body portions might have a significant impact on the nutritional value of the fish. Three different sizes, i.e., ≤500 g, ≤750 g, and ≥1 kg, and three different body portions, i.e., head, middle, and tail, were subjected to study for proximate analysis. Standard methods (Kjeldal and AOAC) were followed for the determination of biochemical parameters. Among different sizes of fish, the highest average percentage of protein (23.07±0.82), lipid (2.80±0.41), and ash (1.62±0.12) were calculated in the ≥1 kg size group, and among different body portions, the highest average percentage of protein (23.03±0.91), ash (1.62±0.09), and lipid (2.85±0.39) were calculated in the muscle from the middle portion of the fish. The highest average percentage of moisture (73.91±0.95) was found in the tail portion of the small-sized group. This study revealed that the comparatively larger fish and the middle portion of the body are nutritionally rich compared to the other sizes and body parts. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to raise awareness among consumers to ensure adequate nutrition at a cheap price.
Utility of three-dimensional printing in the surgical management of intra-articular distal humerus fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Baburaj Vishnu , Patel Sandeep , Kumar Vishal , Sharma Siddhartha , Dhillon Mandeep Singh
Published: February 2024

Background: Clinical outcomes after fixation of distal humerus intraarticular fractures are directly related to the quality of reduction. The use of three-dimensional (3D)-printed fracture models can benefit preoperative planning to ensure good reduction. This review aims to determine if surgery performed with 3D printing assistance are faster and result in fewer complications and improved clinical outcomes than conventional methods. We also outline the benefits and drawbacks of this novel technique in surgical management of distal humerus fractures.Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out using the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Ovid. Search results were screened based on title and abstract. Data from eligible studies were extracted into spreadsheets. Meta-analysis was performed using appropriate computer software.Results: Three randomized controlled trials with 144 cases were included in the final analysis, with 69 cases in the 3D-printed group and 75 in the conventional group. The 3D-printed group had significantly shorter mean operating time (mean difference, 16.25 minutes; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.74–19.76 minutes; P<0.001) and mean intraoperative blood loss (30.40 mL; 95% CI, 10.45–60.36 mL; P=0.005) compared with the conventional group. The 3D-printed group also tended to have fewer complications and a better likelihood of good or excellent outcomes as per the Mayo elbow performance score, but this did not reach statistical significance.Conclusions: Three-dimensional-printing-assisted surgery in distal humerus fractures has several benefits in reduced operating time and lower blood loss, indirectly decreasing other complications such as infection and anemia-related issues. Future good-quality studies are required to conclusively demonstrate the benefits of 3D printing in improving clinical outcomes.
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND ONE HEALTH
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Area of
Biology and Evolution of Microorganisms, Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), and Centro de Investigación en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública(CIBERESP), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain;, Baquero Fernando
Published: February 2024

The fundamental advances in microbiology after the seminal contributions of Louis
Pasteur, Robert Koch, Ilya Metchnikoff, or Martinus Beijerinck have provided the ground not
only for Microbiology as a science, but for Biology at large. In all these contributions,
Microbiology was conceived as an epistemological continuum encompassing biochemistry,
physiology, taxonomy, pathogenicity, and the natural functions of microbes as indispensable
basic elements, primary producers, maintaining the existence of the whole Biosphere. The
concept of General Microbiology was developed to assemble all these aspects; in words from
Cornelius van Niel, belonging to the late school of Beijerink in Delft, a unified, coherent
science of General Microbiology could provide a foundation for unifying life sciences, so that
Microbiology should be conceived as a general science of life.
COMPLICATED PNEUMONIA IN A PATIENT WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION
Authors:   1.Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, România
2.Alessandrescu Rusescu National Institute of Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania, Voropanov Ion Alexandru , Comănici Valentina-Daniela ,   1.Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, România
2.Alessandrescu Rusescu National Institute of Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania, Stan Iustina-Violeta ,   1.Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, România
2.Alessandrescu Rusescu National Institute of Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2024

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, resulting in characteristic features of CF, including chronic airway infection and inflammation, airways damage, and progressive lung disease [1]. CF patients experience alterations in their microbiome, which contribute to the development of chronic bacterial lung infections, leading to excessive lung inflammation and impair airway epithelial barrier function [2-3].
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is considered one of the main causes of the recurrent acute pulmonary infections and progressive lung function decline in patients with CF [4]. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is highly prevalent in CF patients and is typically associated with complications. Despite antibiotic treatment, these infections often become chronic. MRSA is linked to an increased frequency of annual pulmonary exacerbations and a higher rate of hospitalization.
We present the case of a 17-year-old female patient, diagnosed with CF since the age of 12, who presented to the emergency room due to dyspnea and worsening chronic respiratory failure, accompanied by a productive cough and greenish sputum. Sputum culture revealed multidrug-resistant SA. Initially, the patient’s clinical course was unfavorable, resulting in the development of a right pneumothorax after a coughing episode. However, with appropriate surgical treatment and antibiotic therapy guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), the patient’s condition subsequently improved.
When MRSA is detected, it should be promptly eradicated [5]. However, despite the introduction of new antibiotics, there is a lack of consensus regarding the optimal choice of antibiotics, dosing, and duration of treatment. Pneumothorax is a potentially life-threatening complication that can arise in both MRSA lung infections and CF patients. As a result, managing MRSA infections in CF patients continues to pose significant challenges.