bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical changes in thermally modified, acetylated and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnated beech wood
Authors: Oberle Anna , Výbohová Eva , Baar Jan , Paschová Zuzana , Beránek Štěpán , Drobyshev Igor , Čabalová Iveta , Čermák Petr
Published: July 2024

Wood modification (by thermal or chemical treatment) helps to improve the dimensional stability of wood and enhance its resistance to biological agents. Beech wood is non-durable and exposure in exterior settings dramatically shortens its service life. To determine the full potential of beech wood for advanced applications, a better understanding of the chemical changes induced by modification is needed. Two chemical treatments (acetylation and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnation) and three thermal treatments (heating to 180, 200 and 220 °C) were performed on beech wood. The modification effect was examined based on (i) molecular changes in functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR); (ii) extractive content; and (iii) pH changes. Moreover, the explanation of these changes was supported by the FTIR-analysis of isolated main wood components (cellulose, holocellulose and lignin) from the modified wood. The high temperatures applied to samples during thermal modification promoted the deacetylation and degradation of hemicelluloses. Hemicelluloses were targeted also by acetic anhydride and melamine resin, the bonding of which was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The formation of fewer methylene bridges affected the properties of the melamine network. This observation suggests the need to determine optimal curing conditions in future research, to reduce melamine-wood hydrophilicity.
Assessment of the renal function and fibrosis indexes of conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals on treating renal fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Yingbo , Gao Wenfeng , Ding Xinyu , Cai Qian , Bai Yu
Published: July 2024

To investigate the renal function and fibrosis indexes of conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals in the treatment of renal fibrosis (RF). We searched articles from databases (PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang data) and references of included studies. The quality of literature was evaluated and data were extracted in regard to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan5.3 software was applied for all statistical analyses. Eleven eligible RCTs with a total of 898 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with conventional western medicine alone, conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals in the treatment of RF has lower BUN levels and SCr levels (P < 0.05). As for fibrosis indexes, conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals has lower HA, laminin (LN), IV-Col, and PC-III levels (P < 0.05). Conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals with lower BUN, Scr, HA, LN, PC-III, and IV-Col levels, has an advantage in the treatment of RF. These lower serum levels may not be associated with the presence of RF. Ideally, kidney biopsies should be performed to confirm that these markers reduce RF. This is a major limitation of this study.
Do cracked jaws of the four-jaw chuck of a large lathe pose a danger?
Authors: Rockel J. , Cagliyan E. , Fischer B. , Neidel A.
Published: July 2024

All the jaws of a four-jaw chuck mounted on the faceplate of a large lathe were received by the material testing laboratory to undergo metallurgical failure analysis. Each of the four jaws exhibited cracks in the fillet radius between one of the gripping surfaces and the long horizontal part. The cracks were just visible to the unaided eye und had been discovered by an alert mechanic. One of the jaws was selected for further material analysis for which the crack was opened to undergo fractographic evaluation. The analysis also involved the evaluation of the material using optical emission spectrometry, the preparation of a metallographic sample, and hardness testing. The cracks occurred as a result of repeated overload at the crack initiation sites located in the fillet radius. This was not a single overload event which would not have caused the jaws to crack, but a series of overload events. The situation did not pose a safety hazard to the staff since the soft and tough core of the case-hardened jaws would have retarded, if not stopped, crack growth. A sudden disastrous failure of the jaws by breaking off, for example, and extremely heavy components crashing down as a result were not an imminent threat. This dangerous failure scenario would have been enabled if the jaws had been through-hardened. Instead, casehardening heat treatment had been applied which is the correct choice for this type of component.
Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Muscle Architecture, Isometric Force Production, and Stretch-Shortening Cycle Function in Trained Young Female Gymnasts
Authors: Moeskops Sylvia , Oliver Jon L. , Radnor John M. , Haff G. Gregory , Myer Gregory D. , Ramachandran Akhilesh K. , Kember Lucy S. , Pedley Jason S. , Lloyd Rhodri S.
Published: July 2024

Moeskops, S, Oliver, JL, Radnor, JM, Haff, GG, Myer, GD, Ramachandran, AK, Kember, LS, Pedley, JS, and Lloyd, RS. Effects of neuromuscular training on muscle architecture, isometric force production, and stretch-shortening cycle function in trained young female gymnasts. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): 1640–1650, 2024—This study evaluated the effects of a 10-month neuromuscular training (NMT) intervention on muscle architecture, isometric force production, and stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function. Thirty-seven girls aged 6–12 years were placed into gymnastics + NMT (gNMT; n = 15), gymnastics only (GYM; n = 10), or maturity-matched control (CON; n = 12) groups. The gNMT group followed a 10-month NMT program in addition to gymnastics training, whereas the GYM group only participated in gymnastics training. Isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) and drop jump (DJ) kinetics were measured, in addition to muscle thickness, fascicle length, and pennation angle of the gastrocnemius medialis at baseline and at 4, 7, and 10 months. A 3 × 4 (group × time) repeated-measures ANCOVA (covariate, % predicted adult height) was used to evaluate within-group changes. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Significant interaction effects were observed in muscle thickness, absolute (PFabs) and relative peak force (PFrel) in the IMTP and various DJ variables. The gNMT group demonstrated improvements in muscle thickness, IMTP PFabs and PFrel, and DJ kinetics, most commonly evidenced from 7 months onward. The GYM group's muscle thickness also significantly improved, accompanied by improvements in some DJ kinetics. The CON group did not experience any desirable changes. Overall, NMT elicited positive changes in muscle thickness, PFabs and PFrel, and SSC function to a greater extent than gymnastics training alone or growth and maturation. As most adaptations took 7 months, longer-term NMT programs should be implemented with youth female gymnasts.
Brain Endurance Training Improves Dynamic Calisthenic Exercise and Benefits Novel Exercise and Cognitive Performance: Evidence of Performance Enhancement and Near Transfer of Training
Authors: Dallaway Neil , Mortimer Hannah , Gore Amy , Ring Christopher
Published: July 2024

Dallaway, N, Mortimer, H, Gore, A, and Ring, C. Brain endurance training improves dynamic calisthenic exercise and benefits novel exercise and cognitive performance: Evidence of performance enhancement and near transfer of training. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): 1704–1713, 2024—The purpose of this dual study was to evaluate whether brain endurance training (BET)—a mental fatigue countermeasure involving physical and cognitive training—enhanced exercise compared with physical training alone. Two studies (N = 29) used a pretest/training/posttest design, with participants randomized to BET or control groups. During testing, participants performed calisthenic exercises (study 1: press-ups, wall sit, and plank; study 2: burpees, jump squats, leg raises, press-ups, and plank) to failure before and after completing 20-minute cognitive tasks (study 1: memory updating; study 2: memory updating, response inhibition, and nonexecutive functions). Training comprised 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. In study 1 training sessions, participants completed 2 submaximal exercise sets; each exercise was followed by a 3-minute cognitive task with high (BET) or low (control) cognitive loads. In study 2 training sessions, participants completed 1 submaximal exercise set; after 12-minute cognitive tasks (BET) or rest (control), each exercise was preceded by a 3-minute cognitive task (BET) or rest (control). These cognitive tasks involved response inhibition and memory updating. Performance (exercise repetitions/duration), perceived exertion, and mental fatigue were assessed. In pretesting, exercise performance was matched between groups. In posttesting, BET groups performed more dynamic exercises than control groups but the same number of static exercises. Cognitive task performance was either greater for BET or not different between groups. Neither perceived exertion nor mental fatigue differed between groups and tests. Brain endurance training enhanced dynamic but not static calisthenic exercise performance compared with physical training alongside near transfer of training benefits for novel physical and cognitive task performance.
Comparison of the Effects of a Roller Massager Intervention on the Rectus Femoris Between Lengthened and Slack Positions
Authors: Kasahara Kazuki , Konrad Andreas , Murakami Yuta , Thomas Ewan , Nakamura Masatoshi
Published: July 2024

Kasahara, K, Konrad, A, Murakami, Y, Thomas, E, and Nakamura, M. Comparison of the effects of a roller massager intervention on the rectus femoris between lengthened and slack positions. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—A roller massager (RM) is a type of foam rolling device, which previous studies have shown to be effective for acutely decreasing tissue hardness and increasing range of motion (ROM). However, these effects may differ with the RM intervention position (i.e., knee flexion or knee extension). Therefore, this study aimed to compare the acute effects of an RM intervention on the rectus femoris (RF) in the knee flexed and extended positions. The subjects were 14 healthy male college students (age, 22.6 ± 0.8 years). The RF of the dominant leg was tested. Three conditions were compared: a control condition with no intervention (CON), an RM intervention in knee extension (i.e., RM_extension), and a RM intervention in knee flexion (i.e., RM_flexion). The measurements were tissue hardness in the proximal (TH_pro), middle (TH_mid), and distal (TH_dis) portions of the RF, knee flexion ROM, pain pressure threshold (PPT), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC-ISO) torque, and maximal voluntary concentric contraction (MVC-CON) torque in the RF before and immediately after the intervention. There were significant interaction effects of TH_mid and knee flexion ROM. Both RM_extension and RM_flexion conditions showed a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in TH_mid and an increase in knee flexion ROM, but there were no significant differences between conditions. There was a main effect for TH_pro and PPT (p < 0.05) but no significant interaction effect or main effect for TH_dis, MVC-ISO torque, and MVC-CON torque. The results showed that the RM intervention can effectively decrease tissue hardness and increase ROM, regardless of limb position (i.e., knee extension or flexion).
"IPTU VERDE": UMA PERSPECTIVA LEGISLATIVA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PELOTAS
Authors: De Oliveira Dolores Braga
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo tem por escopo analisar de que forma o Imposto sobre a propriedade predial e territorial urbana (IPTU) pode servir de instrumento para a proteção e preservação do meio ambiente. Tendo em vista que o meio ambiente é fonte de toda vida em nosso planeta e que o mesmo encontra-se em estado periclitante, é cada vez maior a necessidade de protegê-lo de forma efetiva com todos os mecanismos possíveis, inclusive os tributários. Da mescla entre a questão ambiental, das competências tributárias do município e da extrafiscalidade dos tributos emerge o questionamento central: como o caráter extrafiscal do Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana (IPTU) pode servir de balizador de condutas ambientalmente corretas sobre o imóvel urbano. Para tanto, destacaremos alguns aspectos relevantes como, por exemplo, de que forma é prevista a extrafiscalidade ambiental na legislação município de Pelotas.
O FUNCIONALISMO JURÍDICO E A CRISE DO DIREITO EM CASTANHEIRA NEVES
Authors: Ribeiro Sobrinho Paulo Sérgio
Published: July 2024

Entre os inúmeros teóricos do direito, Antônio Castanheira Neves tem dedicado seus estudos a temas relacionados à compreensão do sentido do direito e sua degradação. Em especial profundidade dos assuntos que trabalha, surge o seu pensamento a respeito da crise do fenômeno jurídico. Neste artigo terei por objetivo discorrer sobre os seus contributos no tocante a este tema e o entendimento do autor sobre o modelo de pensamento e oferecimento do direito denominado “funcionalismo jurídico”.
A ESFERA PÚBLICA COMO ESPAÇO DA NECESSIDADE E MUTABILIDADE DO CONTROLE SOCIAL
Authors: Massau Guilherme Camargo
Published: July 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo destacar o espaço de desenvolvimento da socialização, das relações sociais e o controle social. O espaço público deve ser posto em evidência em face da dinâmica que ocorre dentro do seu espectro. Um espaço único a proporcionar as condições necessárias para a socialização dos indivíduos e, em face disso, do controle social. O espaço público deve ser (retomado) destacado justamente pelo fato de nele convergir todas as manifestações e os interesses de todas as sociedades, principal e crucialmente das pluralistas atuais. Utilizou-se o método monográfico para desenvolver o tema.
Acute Ongoing Nociception Delays Recovery of Consciousness from Sevoflurane Anesthesia via a Midbrain Circuit
Authors: Zhong Chao-Chao , Xu Zheng , Gan Jun , Yu Yu-Mei , Tang Hui-Mei , Zhu Yangzi , Yang Jun-Xia , Ding Hai-Lei , Cao Jun-Li
Published: July 2024

Although anesthesia provides favorable conditions for surgical procedures, recent studies have revealed that the brain remains active in processing noxious signals even during anesthesia. However, whether and how these responses affect the anesthesia effect remains unclear. The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), a crucial hub for pain regulation, also plays an essential role in controlling general anesthesia. Hence, it was hypothesized that the vlPAG may be involved in the regulation of general anesthesia by noxious stimuli. Here, we found that acute noxious stimuli, including capsaicin-induced inflammatory pain, acetic acid-induced visceral pain, and incision-induced surgical pain, significantly delayed recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia in male mice, whereas this effect was absent in the spared nerve injury-induced chronic pain. Pretreatment with peripheral analgesics could prevent the delayed recovery induced by acute nociception. Furthermore, we found that acute noxious stimuli, induced by the injection of capsaicin under sevoflurane anesthesia, increased c-Fos expression and activity in the GABAergic neurons of the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray. Specific reactivation of capsaicin-activated vlPAGGABAneurons mimicked the effect of capsaicin and its chemogenetic inhibition prevented the delayed recovery from anesthesia induced by capsaicin. Finally, we revealed that the vlPAGGABAneurons regulated the recovery from anesthesia through the inhibition of ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neuronal activity, thus decreasing dopamine (DA) release and activation of DA D1-like receptors in the brain. These findings reveal a novel, cell- and circuit-based mechanism for regulating anesthesia recovery by nociception, and it is important to provide new insights for guiding the management of the anesthesia recovery period.
Moving toward a fairer access to land fostering agroecological transition? A decade of legal change and reframing of debates around soil and climate in France
Authors: Baysse-Lainé Adrien
Published: July 2024

Although farmland concentration receives narrower media coverage than land grab, it goes hand in hand with impactful environmental and demographic consequences. This article examines the case of France, one of the European countries with the highest level of farmland market control. It questions to what extent the regulation of access to land is adapted to initiate an agroecological and food transition. Its objective is to analyze why and how land concentration has been reframed in the past decade, by which types of stakeholders, building on which sources of legitimacy, and with which legal strategies and results. The theoretical framework combines the sociology of controversies and agenda-setting with a land justice-based approach. This article builds on a textual hermeneutics of 3 documental corpora encompassing a press review with 172 items, 112 documents (press releases, opinion pages, reports, notes, interviews, public speeches, amendment proposals, draft bills, laws, and decisions), and 3,409 tweets (those mentioning loi foncière or the #LoiFoncière hashtag, and those quoting, retweeting, or replying (to) them). These data were contextualized using sporadic participant observation. Since 2013, and more specifically since 2018, 2 networks of left-wing politicians, left-wing farmers’ unions, and civil society nongovernmental organizations have brought land justice concerns up-to-date to put farmland concentration on the political agenda. However, only minor progress has been made. A major factor in this is the chronological gap between, on the one hand, the successive reframings of the issue (from soil quality and climate change mitigation lenses), the proposed legal devices, the degree of projected legal change and, on the other hand, the pace at which the window of opportunity for a new land law has opened and closed. Indeed, the land imaginaries of land commons that underpin the agroecological transition are not yet sufficiently socially legitimate to be enshrined in law.
Mathematical models for determining the optimum cyber security strategy of intelligent computer networks of railway electrical supply distances
Authors: O Stasiuk ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Ukraine, L Goncharova , R Hryshchuk ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Ukraine,   Korolyov Zhytomyr Military Institute, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

A study of the problem of the security of information resources of intelligent computer networks for power supply management in railway power generation was conducted. The logical structure of an intelligent computer network is presented, reflecting the topological characteristics of the power supply distance, in the form of a graph. A conceptual approach to the organization of an optimal cyber security strategy is proposed. On the based of Pukhov's differential transformations, differential mathematical models are proposed for determining, in analytical form, the state probabilities of graph nodes. Based on the minimax principle, methods have been developed to determine the optimal cyber security strategy, which allows to achieve the specified security indicators. A criterion for ensuring information security is formulated, which allows determining the state of cyber security of each graph node and the probability of this node being in this state.
Fine-tuning BERT, DistilBERT, XLM-RoBERTa and Ukr-RoBERTa models for sentiment analysis of ukrainian language reviews
Authors: M Prytula ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Sentiment analysis is one of the crucial tasks of natural language processing, which includes recognizing emotions expressed in textual data from various fields of activity. Automated tonality detection impacts businesses and helps increase profits by analyzing customer sentiment and responding quickly to their level of satisfaction with products or services. Therefore, the development of tools that will allow qualitative classification of text sentiment is significant, considering that users leave many reviews on various social networks, platforms, and websites in today's world. The study examines the fine-tuning of BERT, DistilBERT, XLM-RoBERTa, and Ukr-RoBERTa models for sentiment analysis of reviews in the Ukrainian language, as transformer models demonstrate a better understanding of the context and show high efficiency in solving natural language processing tasks. The dataset used in this study comprised about 11,000 user comments in Ukrainian, covering a range of topics such as shops, restaurants, hotels, medical facilities, fitness clubs, and the provision of various services. The textual data was categorized into two classes: positive and negative. Following text preprocessing, the dataset was divided into training and test samples in an 80:20 ratio. The hyperparameters were selected to optimize the performance of the pre-trained models for comment sentiment classification, and their effectiveness was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score. The results show that DistilBERT requires significantly fewer computing resources and is faster than other models. The XLM-RoBERTa model achieved the highest accuracy of 91.32%. However, considering the time needed to train the model and all the classification metrics, Ukr-RoBERTa is the optimal choice.
EFFECT OF SPERMININE AND ITS COMBINATION WITH SPERMINOXIDASE INHIBITORS ON THE PROFILE OF POLYAMINE AND SURVIVAL OF HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER CELLS
Authors: Klenov O.O. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zaletok S.P. , Yanish Yu.V. , Sumnikova І.О. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Summary. Aim: to investigate the effect of spermine (Spn) and spermine oxidase inhibitors (SMO) and their effect in combination on the polyamine profile in human PCa cell lines and to compare the nature of polyamine changes with tumor cell viability. Object and methods: the study was performed on cell cultures of hormone-sensitive (LNCaP) and hormone-resistant (DU-145) cell lines. The profile of polyamines in tumor cells and the activities of spermine oxidase and polyamine oxidase (PAO) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: the addition of Spn to the culture medium causes a significant accumulation of this polyamine in cells, a decrease in putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd). The use of SMO inhibitors (chlorhexidine and MDL-72527) is accompanied by a decrease in Spd levels and accumulation of acetylated spermidine (AcSpd). The use of Spn leads to a decrease in the proliferation rate — the molar ratio of spermidine/spermine (Spd/Spn). Particularly low values of the Spd/Spn ratio were observed when spermine was used in combination with SMO inhibitors. When Spn was used in combination with SMO inhibitors, the lowest cell viability rates were also observed, indicating a more effective inhibition of cell growth with the combined use of these factors compared to their use separately, even in significantly higher concentrations. The use of chlorhexidine and chlorhexidine together with spermine led to a decrease in the activity of SMO and PAO. Conclusions: the use of spermine and spermine in combination with SMO inhibitors leads to changes in the polyamine profile in tumor cells characteristic of growth inhibition (decrease in Spd, Put and increase in Spn) and a decrease in the molar ratio Spd/Spn. These changes are accompanied by a decrease in the survival of cells of hormone-sensitive (LNCaP) and hormone-resistant (DU-145) human prostate cancer lines. The obtained results show the prospects for further study of spermine and its combination with SMO inhibitors as potential agents for the treatment of prostate cancer.
German Chronicle ‘The Theater of Europe’ about the First Stage of the Campaign of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth’s Troops against the Left-Bank Hetmanate in 1663–1664
Authors: Dyatlov V. O. , Mitsyk Yurii
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the testimonies of the fundamental 17th-century German chronicle "The Theater of Europe" ("Theatrum Europaeum") regarding the first stage of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth’s army offence, led by King Jan Casimir, against the Left-Bank Hetmanate in 1663–1664. It briefly outlines the history of this 17th-early – 18th-century fundamental issue, initiated, written and published by an artist Matvii Merian and his team of historians. This chronicle consists of 21 volumes (each contains over 1000 pages) and numerous illustrations, primarily focusing on the military and political history of Europe. It also allocates a certain place to Ukraine. While Ukrainian narratives from the first half to the middle of the 17th century have been previously studied (the article briefly discusses the state of the art), the subsequent period had not been explored. This article presents the first examination of the chronicle’s accounts of the campaign’s history, provides a translation of relevant texts from German, identifies author errors (specifically in using the names of the Ukrainian cities). The article highlights the authors’ distinctive historical perspectives and reveals original reports (such as the capture of Hetman Ivan Brukhovetsky by Polish soldiers). It studies the plot about participation of certain French aristocrats (known from the novels written by Alexandre Dumas father) in the campaign. Despite its brevity, "The Theater of Europe" constitutes important evidence of how knowledge about Ukraine spread in Western Europe.
Reclaiming the Colombian English Language Teaching Field to Sow the Seeds of Change Through Self-Study
Authors: Pérez-Rubiano Paula , Peñaloza-Rallón Anna , López-Acevedo Julieth , Camargo-Albarracín Sonia
Published: July 2024

A growing interest in teacher identity and decision-making has emerged in language teaching; however, studies where English language teaching (ELT) educators reflect on their own practice are limited. We engaged in a self-study to understand how our experiences influenced our ELT educator identity at a public university in Colombia. A constructivist paradigm enabled us to focus on intra and interpersonal reflection as we created artifacts and met to discuss our teaching experiences. Using collaborative analysis, we developed our main themes represented by a red poppy. Based on the findings, our teaching identity is shaped by our families and teachers (roots), teaching misconceptions (leaves), new teaching experiences (new blossoms), other identities (petals), world views about education (cotton soul), and social justice agenda (seeds of change).
Interculturality in Latin American Rural Bilingual Education: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Duque Salazar Diana Marcela , Tangarife Loaiza María Alejandra , Velásquez Hoyos Ángela Patricia
Published: July 2024

This systematic literature review examines the panorama of interculturality in rural contexts of bilingual education in Latin America. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in Latin America and identify key themes, challenges, and gaps in the field. The review highlights the importance of recognizing and valuing linguistic and cultural diversity, particularly in marginalized rural communities. It also discusses the lack of adequate resources and educational policies as significant challenges to promoting intercultural bilingual education in these contexts. The findings underscore the need for further research and the development of effective strategies to enhance intercultural understanding and bilingual education in Latin American rural areas.
Needs Analysis and Design of a Master’s Level Academic Reading Course in English
Authors: Nausa Ricardo , Živković Jovana , Sichko Liubava
Published: July 2024

This article reports an English language needs analysis of Colombian Social Science master’s students. Information from faculty interviews, course syllabi, and student surveys shows that students need English to access and update their disciplinary knowledge through research articles and book chapters to successfully participate in class activities in Spanish, for which low English proficiency and lack of graduate reading skills can be an obstacle. These findings inspired the creation of Reading Research Articles in the Social Sciences course and confirmed the importance of source variety, triangulation, and addressing needs when identified. Methodological and practical contributions are discussed, emphasizing syllabi as key information sources not considered in other needs analyses.
Gestión directiva frente al uso de las TIC en una institución educativa del cantón Sucre
Authors: Pazmiño García Sandra Vanessa , Mendoza Moreira Francisco Samuel
Published: July 2024

El impacto de las TIC en la educación ecuatoriana se ha evidenciado en la mejora de la conectividad y el equipamiento tecnológico en las instituciones educativas, lo cual representa un avance significativo. Sin embargo, a pesar de estos logros, persisten desafíos en cuanto al acceso equitativo a la tecnología, considerando las necesidades y características del estudiantado. La gestión educativa debe proponer respuestas efectivas y contextualizadas a estas problemáticas. El estudio realizado involucró a profesores en servicio activo y coordinadores de la institución en la que se desarrolla el estudio, utilizando un diseño fenomenológico para comprender la experiencia de los participantes en relación con la gestión directiva y el uso de las TIC en la educación, basándose en las competencias del Marco de Competencias Digitales de la UNESCO. Los resultados revelaron una falta de equidad en las políticas de uso de las TIC, con una distribución desigual de recursos tecnológicos que limita el acceso equitativo a la educación digital. Esto subraya la necesidad de políticas más flexibles y adaptadas a las necesidades de la comunidad educativa. Además, se discutió la importancia del acceso a la información y la capacitación para mejorar las habilidades digitales del personal educativo, así como la necesidad de superar la conectividad limitada y la falta de dispositivos adecuados. En conclusión, el estudio destacó la importancia de implementar políticas que permitan superar estas barreras tecnológicas y garantizar una educación de calidad en la era digital mediante capacitación, apoyo y una gestión directiva eficiente.
Vaccination in children living with HIV – review of Polish recommendations
Authors: Ołdakowska Agnieszka , Pokorska-Śpiewak Maria , Maria Marczyńska Magdalena
Published: July 2024

Vaccines are an extremely effective primary prevention tool recommended for routine use in children worldwide. Vaccination is crucial for patients with underlying diseases, including children living with HIV, because of their increased risk of morbidity and mortality from various vaccine-preventable diseases. Complex care for patients living with HIV includes antiretroviral therapy (which has dramatically improved survival), prophylaxis and treatment of common infections, prophylaxis and treatment of opportunistic infections, and vaccination. Immunisation is generally safe and beneficial for children living with HIV, although HIV-induced immune suppression reduces the benefits. All inactivated vaccines, whether killed whole organism or subunit, recombinant, toxoid, polysaccharide or conjugate (which includes diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, hepatitis A, Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines, Neisseria meningitidis, influenza, HPV), can be administered safely. Live attenuated measles–mumps–rubella and varicella vaccines are indicated in children without severe immunodeficiency. The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine is contraindicated due to the risk of disseminated BCG infection. Although a live attenuated influenza vaccine is available, it is contraindicated for people living with HIV because of the paucity of safety data and the availability of alternative vaccines. The study reviews the current paediatric immunisation recommendations in HIV infection in Poland. Additionally, we focus on vaccine effectiveness, especially HBV protection based on anti-Hbs antibodies.
The diagnostic work-up in a 2-year-old girl with persistent mouth opening and oral malfunctions of unknown aetiology – case report
Authors: Grobelczyk Agnieszka , Mazur-Galli Irena , Tomaszewska Wiktoria , Chobot Agata , Machura Edyta , Grzywna-Rozenek Ewa
Published: July 2024

This study presents possible causes of recurrent prolonged episodes of oral malfunctions manifesting as permanently open mouth, salivation, and deglutition disorders. We present the case study of a girl hospitalised in the paediatric ward and then diagnosed by a multidisciplinary approach due to the lack of active and passive ability of mouth closing. Despite the comprehensive diagnostic work-up performed, no typical causes or organic reasons were determined. The comparative analysis included infectious, neurological, laryngological, vascular and orthopaedic diseases, and psychological and psychiatric factors. The diagnosis was made by exclusion; the psychological and habitual background was approved as the most probable reason for the symptoms.
„Wer um alles in der Welt ist Pom-Pom?”
Authors: Szolar Ferenc
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the stories of Pom-Pom, which appeared in Hungary from the beginning of the 1980s, initially in the media network of picture books and animated films. Since the 2010s, the characters have increasingly appeared in the public space of Budapest: first in the context of thematic playgrounds, then in the form of mini-sculptures, and finally street art murals. In terms of time, these events coincide on the one hand with the so-called critical threshold, that transition between communicative and cultural memory, and on the other hand they set in at a point in time initiated by the operational end as well as the incipient building decay of the renowned Pannónia film studios. The examples chosen solely according to the criterion of visibility in public space prove to be representations planned, supported and tolerated by the public authorities.
The Tacuinum Sanitatis
Authors: Mendelsohn Loren D
Published: July 2024

The article concerns an Arab physician whose works were among those translated into Latin in the early medieval period -- Ibn Butlan, an eleventh-century Christian physician from Baghdad, who compiled the Taqwim al-Sihha (Tables of Health). This is a a tabular compilation of 280 items which was translated and published in several editions, mostly of Italian origin. These versions – nearly all known as the Tacuinum Sanitatis – became quite popular in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The reason for its popularity is a matter still subject to debate. The original Arabic version includes no images; however, this was not the case in the Latin versions of the late Middle Ages. Each entry included a detailed illustration. The article compares the Arabic and Latin manuscripts for the purposes of examining two key differences and to discuss what they show us about the two cultures that generated and used them.
Service à la russe
Authors: Notaker Henry
Published: July 2024

In the course of the nineteenth century, the organization of formal meals in France and other countries gradually changed character. The old service à la française consisted of three or more sequences, with a great number of dishes arranged symmetrically on the table. The new system was linear, with dishes served one by one to the guests. The carving had already been done in the kitchen or on a sideboard, contrary to the earlier practice when fish and fowl and ornamental dishes were placed decoratively on the table. Instead of leaving the guests to choose what they wanted from the various foods in front of them, each diner now received exactly the same dishes. The French named this system service à la russe, and this has later been the accepted term in literature about culinary history. But would a better or more correct designation be service à la nordique?
Catherine Brown: Scottish Cookery
Authors: Clark Letitia
Published: July 2024

Catherine Brown: Scottish Cookery: Birlinn, 2013: 468 pp., pb, £12.99.
Sustainable rural economy and food security: An integrated approach to the circular agricultural model
Authors: Bian Linli , Liu Zehui
Published: July 2024

The lack of resources and increasing damage are major obstacles to sustainable economic progress. Conventional farming methods, known for their energy consumption and resulting pollution, need changes. This study focuses on agriculture, an approach inspired by natural ecological cycles that aim to promote sustainable development in rural areas through efficient resource reuse. The connection between agriculture and rural economies, along with strategies for their combined advancement, is an area that requires more exploration and thorough empirical analysis. The research involves an energy analysis methodology tailored for use in regions to assess the benefits and environmental impacts of implementing circular agriculture for sustainable rural economic growth. A multi-objective decision-making approach using TOPSIS is employed to enhance agricultural policy formulation and decision-making processes. The study concludes by developing a model that considers production, processing, recycling, and socioeconomic aspects to delve into the development of circular agriculture within rural communities and propose relevant strategies. The uniqueness of this research lies in its combination of agriculture and the coordinated advancement of rural economies, which offers a fresh viewpoint and approach to sustainable farming methods and robust rural economic development. The results contribute to the circular agriculture literature body and provide practical guidance for policymakers and farmers.
Comparative Evaluation of the Accuracy of Dynamic Navigation and Free Hand Methods During Zygomatic Implant Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Penmetsa Gautami S. , Shah Rahul Manhar , Raju M. A. K. V. , Gadde Praveen , Alluri Venkata Ramaraju
Published: July 2024

To assess and compare the precision and predictability of zygomatic implants in atrophic maxilla using conventional and dynamic navigation methods. This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in patients requiring zygomatic implant placements in the atrophic maxilla. Forty zygomatic implants were placed in systemically healthy individuals. Zygomatic implant placement was done using the freehand technique in the control group, and the test group involved implant placement using a dynamic navigation system, and the entry, apex, and angular deviations were evaluated. The mean deviations at the site of entry (2D) in the navigation system (2.531.42) as compared with the freehand (4.151.29) were statistically significant. The variation in the freehand group was greater than the navigation method at the apex (3D) (P < .05). The navigation method had a higher accuracy in angular deviation than the freehand method (4.02 ± 1.80 and 12.67 ± 2.11). Also, the accuracy was checked on the right and left sides in both the conventional and dynamic groups. The dynamic navigation technology had better predictability in terms of accuracy and precision, and it is the need of the hour for clinicians to master this technology and thereby aid in better prognostic level of implant placements.
Development of an enhanced damage law for typical steel fiber reinforced concrete based on uniaxial compression and tension tests
Authors: Faustmann Sören , Wolf Andreas , Fischer Oliver
Published: July 2024

Understanding the stiffness of a concrete structure is crucial to analyze it, particularly for statically indeterminate structures. Stiffness degradation – commonly referred to as damage – occurs with the onset of cracking or large compressive strains. For most conventional and specialized types of concrete, damage studies and models for predicting damage development are available. However, more information is needed about the damage behavior for the most common steel fiber reinforced concrete in Europe with strength class C30/37 and modern end-anchored high-strength fibers in dosages of 20–40 kg/m3. Therefore, in this study, these common steel fiber concretes were subjected to multiple load cycles in (1) uniaxial compression tests on cylinders and (2) direct tensile tests on bone specimens to investigate their damage behavior. The resulting damage was then compared to known damage laws, but none of the models predicted accurate damage results. Finally, an existing damage law for plain concrete was modified as a function of the residual flexural tensile strength—the relevant parameter for describing the performance of the steel fiber reinforced concrete. Hereby, we were able to decisively improve the agreement between experimental results and the theoretical prognosis by utilizing our modified damage law.
Sustentabilidade na cerâmica: O potencial do resíduo do beneficiamento de rochas ornamentais na massa cerâmica argilosa
Authors: Neves Marcelo Santos , Moscon Lucinéa Bayer Poton , Reis Alessandra Savazzini dos , Ferreira Elvis Pantaleão , Sagrillo Viviana Possamai Della
Published: July 2024

A preocupação com a geração e disposição de resíduos sólidos industriais tem sido cada vez maior. Nos últimos anos, os resíduos sólidos vêm sendo incorporados em massas argilosas, principalmente para fabricação de cerâmica vermelha. A incorporação de resíduos em massa argilosa pode diminuir danos ambientais, além de agregar valor econômico a um material que seria descartado para a produção de um produto sustentável. Diante disso, o presente trabalho buscou adicionar resíduo do beneficiamento de rochas ornamentais em massa argilosa para a fabricação de cerâmica vermelha, avaliando seu potencial na indústria cerâmica. Primeiramente, as matérias-primas foram caracterizadas por fluorescência de raios-X, difração de raios-X e termogravimetria. Posteriormente, foram adicionados à massa argilosa os teores de 10, 20 e 30% do resíduo estudado e confeccionados corpos de prova por meio de extrusão. Os corpos de prova foram, então, submetidos à queima nas temperaturas de 850 e 950°C por 180 minutos, com taxa de aquecimento de 2°C/min. Em seguida, foram caracterizados por meio de retração linear de queima, absorção de água, porosidade aparente, massa específica aparente, perda ao fogo e tensão de ruptura à flexão. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que a temperatura de queima à 950°C contribuiu para uma densificação mais eficiente dos corpos de prova. A adição de até 20% desse resíduo à massa cerâmica apontou propriedades mecânicas similares à formulação constituída somente com argila. Conclui-se que é possível reduzir a quantidade de argila utilizada para a confecção de materiais cerâmicos, utilizando o resíduo do beneficiamento de rochas ornamentais como matéria-prima alternativa.
A Percepção dos Moradores Locais Acerca das Mudanças Climáticas no Município de Ipanguaçu-RN
Authors: Araújo Diêgo Ezaú Pereira de , Silva Márcia Regina Farias da
Published: July 2024

Este estudo busca compreender a percepção local das mudanças climáticas em Ipanguaçu-RN, considerando o papel fundamental das comunidades na adaptação e mitigação. Com foco na cidade, investigamos o impacto das mudanças climáticas, políticas públicas municipais e a percepção da população. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem mista, combinando métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de ações efetivas, pois a maioria dos participantes reconhece a influência humana nos impactos ambientais. A falta de um Plano Diretor específico para mudanças climáticas e lacunas nas políticas municipais sugerem oportunidades de melhoria. A população identifica problemas como elevadas temperaturas, queimadas e escassez de chuva, indicando desafios significativos. Entrevistas com o Secretário de Meio Ambiente e a Cooperativa de Reciclagem revelam insights importantes. A coleta de lixo é reconhecida como medida prioritária, mas a ausência de iniciativas específicas para mudanças climáticas indica áreas para desenvolvimento. Este estudo contribui para a compreensão local das mudanças climáticas, enfatizando a importância da educação, conscientização e ações governamentais coordenadas para enfrentar os desafios climáticos em Ipanguaçu.
El desarrollo del componente estratégico dentro del marco actual de la didáctica de ELE: estado de la cuestión y perspectivas
Authors: Vázquez Graciela
Published: July 2024

This article builds on previous discussions of language learning strategies in four ways: revising and/or updating seminal English-language publications in the field; discussing relevant terminological problems; taking into consideration learners' variables; arguing for the explicit introduction of learning strategies in E/LE text books. My overall aim consists in demonstrating that the explicit introduction of learning strategies can ameliorate the learning process and motivate learners to be more self-directed and self-monitoring by means of self-assessment. A range of examples are provided through which I expect to make clear how theoretical principles can work in practice. I suggest that the efficient use of such strategies impacts on learning ability and can help migrants and potential multilingual learners to develop communicative skills and competencies in a more efficient way.
Presentación
Authors: Editorial Consejo
Published: July 2024

The International Journal of Foreign Languages (Revista Internacional de Lenguas Extranjeras) (RILE) is an open-access electronic publication. Its main aim is to communicate theoretical and practical research in the context of applied linguistics in the fields of teaching and language learning, with particular emphasis on the lexicography of learning.
Presentación
Authors: Editorial Consejo
Published: July 2024

El número 2 de la Revista Internacional de Lenguas Extranjeras (RILE) presenta estudios centrados en el ámbito de Español como Lengua Extranjera, trabajos en los que, como puede observarse, se abordan cuestiones de muy diferente índole:interculturalidad, colocaciones, literatura y fonética.
El grupo rítmico y el grupo fónico en la clase de ELE
Authors: Planas Morales Sílvia
Published: July 2024

This article describes the application of phonetic hierarchy (Cantero, 2002) to the didactics of pronunciation, advocating for rhythm and phonic groups as clusters of sounds and words around a stress –paradigmatic and syntagmatic, respectively– which favors the acquisition of the rhythm of Spanish, which helps the student to be more fluent and obtain a better listening compehension.