bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transmission Spectrum of WASP-17 b From the Optical to the Near-infrared Wavelengths: Combining STIS, WFC3, and IRAC Data Sets
Authors: Saba Arianna , Tsiaras Angelos , Morvan Mario , Thompson Alexandra , Changeat Quentin , Edwards Billy , Jolly Andrew , Waldmann Ingo , Tinetti Giovanna
Published: June 2022

We present the transmission spectrum of the inflated hot Jupiter WASP-17 b, observed with the STIS and WFC3 instruments aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, allowing for a continuous wavelength coverage from ∼0.4 to ∼1.7 μm. Observations taken with IRAC channels 1 and 2 on the Spitzer Space Telescope are also included, adding photometric measurements at 3.6 and 4.5 μm. HST spectral data were analyzed with Iraclis, a pipeline specialized in the reduction of STIS and WFC3 transit and eclipse observations. Spitzer photometric observations were reduced with the TLCD-LSTM method, utilizing recurrent neural networks. The outcome of our reduction produces incompatible results between STIS visit 1 and visit 2, which leads us to consider two scenarios for G430L. Additionally, by modeling the WFC3 data alone, we can extract atmospheric information without having to deal with the contrasting STIS data sets. We run separate retrievals on the three spectral scenarios with the aid of TauREx 3, a fully Bayesian retrieval framework. We find that, independently of the data considered, the exoplanet atmosphere displays strong water signatures and, potentially, the presence of aluminum oxide and titanium hydride. A retrieval that includes an extreme photospheric activity of the host star is the preferred model, but we recognize that such a scenario is unlikely for an F6-type star. Due to the incompleteness of all STIS spectral light curves, only further observations with this instrument would allow us to properly constrain the atmospheric limb of WASP-17 b, before the James Webb Space Telescope or Ariel will come online.
ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP): How Do Dense Core Properties Affect the Multiplicity of Protostars?
Authors: Luo 罗 Qiu-yi 秋怡 , Liu 刘 Tie 铁 , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Li Pak Shing , di Francesco James , Johnstone Doug , Goldsmith Paul F. , Dutta Somnath , Hirano Naomi , Lee Chin-Fei , Li Di , Kim Kee-Tae , Won Lee Chang , Lee Jeong-Eun , Liu Xun-chuan , Juvela Mika , He Jinhua , Qin Sheng-Li , Liu Hong-Li , Eden David , Kwon Woojin , Sahu Dipen , Li Shanghuo , Xu Feng-Wei , Zhang Si-ju , Hsu Shih-Ying , Bronfman Leonardo , Sanhueza Patricio , Pelkonen Veli-Matti , Zhou Jian-wen , Liu Rong , Gu Qi-lao , Wu Yue-fang , Mai Xiao-feng , Falgarone Edith , Shen Zhi-Qiang
Published: June 2022

During the transition phase from a prestellar to a protostellar cloud core, one or several protostars can form within a single gas core. The detailed physical processes of this transition, however, remain unclear. We present 1.3 mm dust continuum and molecular line observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array toward 43 protostellar cores in the Orion molecular cloud complex (λ Orionis, Orion B, and Orion A) with an angular resolution of ∼0.″35 (∼140 au). In total, we detect 13 binary/multiple systems. We derive an overall multiplicity frequency (MF) of 28% ± 4% and a companion star fraction (CSF) of 51% ± 6%, over a separation range of 300–8900 au. The median separation of companions is about 2100 au. The occurrence of stellar multiplicity may depend on the physical characteristics of the dense cores. Notably, those containing binary/multiple systems tend to show a higher gas density and Mach number than cores forming single stars. The integral-shaped filament of the Orion A giant molecular cloud (GMC), which has the highest gas density and hosts high-mass star formation in its central region (the Orion Nebula cluster), shows the highest MF and CSF among the Orion GMCs. In contrast, the λ Orionis GMC has a lower MF and CSF than the Orion B and Orion A GMCs, indicating that feedback from H ii regions may suppress the formation of multiple systems. We also find that the protostars comprising a binary/multiple system are usually at different evolutionary stages.
The In Situ Origins of Dwarf Stellar Outskirts in FIRE-2
Authors: Kado-Fong Erin , Sanderson Robyn E. , Greene Jenny E. , Cunningham Emily C. , Wheeler Coral , Chan T. K. , El-Badry Kareem , Hopkins Philip F. , Wetzel Andrew , Boylan-Kolchin Michael , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Huang Song , Quataert Eliot , Starkenburg Tjitske
Published: June 2022

Extended, old, and round stellar halos appear to be ubiquitous around high-mass dwarf galaxies (108.5 < M
⋆/M
⊙ < 109.6) in the observed universe. However, it is unlikely that these dwarfs have undergone a sufficient number of minor mergers to form stellar halos that are composed of predominantly accreted stars. Here, we demonstrate that FIRE-2 (Feedback in Realistic Environments) cosmological zoom-in simulations are capable of producing dwarf galaxies with realistic structures, including both a thick disk and round stellar halo. Crucially, these stellar halos are formed in situ, largely via the outward migration of disk stars. However, there also exists a large population of “nondisky” dwarfs in FIRE-2 that lack a well-defined disk/halo and do not resemble the observed dwarf population. These nondisky dwarfs tend to be either more gas-poor or to have burstier recent star formation histories than the disky dwarfs, suggesting that star formation feedback may be preventing disk formation. Both classes of dwarfs underscore the power of a galaxy’s intrinsic shape—which is a direct quantification of the distribution of the galaxy’s stellar content—to interrogate the feedback implementation in simulated galaxies.
Study of Transverse Oscillations in Coronal Loops Excited by Flares and Eruptions
Authors: Conde C. Sandra M. , Jain Rekha , Jatenco-Pereira Vera
Published: June 2022

We present measurements of periodicity for transverse loop oscillations during the periods of activity of two remote and separated (both temporally and spatially) flares. The oscillations are observed in the same location more than 100 Mm away from the visible footpoints of the loops. Evidence for several possible excitation sources is presented. After close examination, we find that the eruptions during the flaring activities play an important role in triggering the oscillations. We investigate periodicities using time–distance, fast Fourier transform, and wavelet techniques. Despite different excitation sources in the vicinity of the loops and the changing nature of amplitudes, the periodicity of multiple oscillations is found to be 4–6 min.
First Experimental Confirmation of the CH3O + H2CO → CH3OH + HCO Reaction: Expanding the CH3OH Formation Mechanism in Interstellar Ices
Authors: Santos Julia C. , Chuang Ko-Ju , Lamberts Thanja , Fedoseev Gleb , Ioppolo Sergio , Linnartz Harold
Published: June 2022

The successive addition of H atoms to CO in the solid phase has been hitherto regarded as the primary route to form methanol in dark molecular clouds. However, recent Monte Carlo simulations of interstellar ices alternatively suggested the radical-molecule H-atom abstraction reaction CH3O + H2CO → CH3OH + HCO, in addition to CH3O + H → CH3OH, as a very promising and possibly dominating (70%–90%) final step to form CH3OH in those environments. Here, we compare the contributions of these two steps leading to methanol by experimentally investigating hydrogenation reactions on H2CO and D2CO ices, which ensures comparable starting points between the two scenarios. The experiments are performed under ultrahigh vacuum conditions and astronomically relevant temperatures, with H:H2CO (or D2CO) flux ratios of 10:1 and 30:1. The radical-molecule route in the partially deuterated scenario, CHD2O + D2CO → CHD2OD + DCO, is significantly hampered by the isotope effect in the D-abstraction process, and can thus be used as an artifice to probe the efficiency of this step. We observe a significantly smaller yield of D2CO + H products in comparison to H2CO + H, implying that the CH3O-induced abstraction route must play an important role in the formation of methanol in interstellar ices. Reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption-quadrupole mass spectrometry analyses are used to quantify the species in the ice. Both analytical techniques indicate constant contributions of ∼80% for the abstraction route in the 10–16 K interval, which agrees well with the Monte Carlo calculations. Additional H2CO + D experiments confirm these conclusions.
New Polarimetric Data for the Galilean Satellites: Europa Observations and Modeling
Authors: Kiselev Nikolai , Rosenbush Vera , Muinonen Karri , Kolokolova Ludmilla , Savushkin Aleksandr , Karpov Nikolai
Published: June 2022

This paper is dedicated to a long-standing problem of the shape of the negative branch of polarization (NBP) for Jupiter's moon Europa, determination of which is crucial for the characterization of the icy regolith on this satellite and similar objects, as well as for further progress in understanding light scattering by particulate surfaces. To establish the shape of Europa's NBP, in 2018–2021 we accomplished high-precision disk-integrated polarimetry of Europa in the UBVR
I bands using the identical two-channel photoelectric polarimeters mounted on the 2.6 m Shajn reflector of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory and the 2 m telescope of the Peak Terskol Observatory. We found that the polarization dependence on the phase angle in each filter is an asymmetric curve with a sharp polarization minimum

P

min

≈
−
0.3
%

at phase angle

α

min

≤
0
.°
4

, after which the polarization degree gradually increases to positive values, passing the inversion angle at α
inv ≈ 6° − 7°. Within the error limits, the parameters P
min,

α

min

, and α
inv of the NPB are independent of the wavelength in the visible spectrum. The polarization curve clearly demonstrates the so-called polarization opposition effect (POE). Our analysis of the previous and new polarimetric observations of Europa allows us to conclude that the POE is caused by coherent backscattering of sunlight on microscopic icy grains covering Europa’s surface. Computer modeling with the numerical radiative transfer coherent backscattering method demonstrates that the best fit to the polarimetric observations and geometric albedo of Europa is provided by a regolith layer of elementary single-scattering albedo ∼0.985 and extinction mean free path length 2π
l/λ
eff ≈ 150, λ
eff representing the effective wavelength in the UBVR
I spectral bands.
Alterations of Liver Functions and Morphology in a Rat Model of Prediabetes After a Short-term Treatment of a High-fat High-glucose and Low-dose Streptozotocin
Authors: Krisnamurti Desak Gede Budi , Purwaningsih Erni H. , Tarigan Tri Juli Edi , Nugroho Christian Marco Hadi , Soetikno Vivian , Louisa Melva
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: The administration of high-fat and high-glucose in diet followed by a low-dose streptozotocin injection in rats could mimic hyperglycemia, prediabetic, or diabetic conditions in humans. However, whether the rat model may lead to early liver impairment was still unclear.

AIM: This study was aimed to investigate the possible changes in liver functions and morphology in the rat model of prediabetes after a short-term administration of a high-fat and high-glucose diet followed by low-dose streptozotocin injection.

METHODS: Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into nine rats in the control group and nine in the prediabetic group. To induce prediabetic rats, high-fat high-glucose in daily diets for 3 weeks continued with once to twice low-dose streptozotocin was given. Rats in control groups were fed with a standard diet for 2 months. Afterward, we analyzed glucose control parameters, liver functions, and liver histology of the rats.

RESULTS: High-fat, high-glucose diet combined with a low dose of streptozotocin successfully caused prediabetics in the rats. There was a significant increase in several liver enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). However, no significant changes were found in the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. The histological changes in the liver confirmed the increase in liver enzymes.

CONCLUSION: Short-term administration of high-fat high-glucose in combination with low-dose streptozotocin triggers alterations in liver functions marker and liver morphology.
La vulnérabilité scolaire des jeunes LGBTQI en France
Authors: Richard Gabrielle , Reversé Clément
Published: June 2022

À partir de données d’enquête collectées auprès de 2 001 jeunes LGBTQI, cet article brosse un portrait de leurs expériences scolaires, évoquant leur victimation, leur représentation dans les contenus d’apprentissage et leur capacité à exercer leur citoyenneté. Deux constats ressortent de ces analyses. D’abord, les jeunes trans, non binaires et intersexes sont significativement vulnérabilisé·e·s par et dans dans la sphère scolaire. Ensuite, l’Éducation nationale contribue à alimenter ces vulnérabilités en limitant l’appréhension des violences aux épisodes de « haine anti-LGBT » et en misant sur l’égalité filles-garçons, une approche différentialiste qui reconduit une bicatégorisation des sexes et une présomption d’hétérosexualité.
Facilitators and Barriers to Care for Patients with Disabilities in Primary Pediatrics
Authors: Ayoub Maya C. , Rava Julianna , Lewis Hunter Ashley , Kuo Alice A.
Published: June 2022

Nearly 20% of children in the United States have special health care needs, and they often experience disparities in health outcomes. This article reviews barriers to and facilitators of primary pediatric care for children within four defined categories of disability: (1) physical disabilities, both temporary and permanent; (2) chronic conditions requiring accommodations, including mental health conditions; (3) sensory disabilities and conditions; and (4) cognitive, educational, neurodevelopmental, and social disabilities. Primary care facilitators include interventions for both providers and patients that focus on time as a valued resource, provide psychosocial support, coordinate interdisciplinary teams of care, and provide training for providers. Barriers include exclusion of patients with disabilities from research trials and gaps in educational reform regarding ableism and hidden disabilities. Identified facilitators should be implemented on a larger scale, and barriers need to be addressed further so we may better support children with disabilities.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2022;51(6):e243–e253.]
Propagation of chaos: A review of models, methods and applications. Ⅱ. Applications
Authors: Chaintron Louis-Pierre , Diez Antoine
Published: June 2022

The notion of propagation of chaos for large systems of interacting particles originates in statistical physics and has recently become a central notion in many areas of applied mathematics. The present review describes old and new methods as well as several important results in the field. The models considered include the McKean-Vlasov diffusion, the mean-field jump models and the Boltzmann models. The first part of this review is an introduction to modelling aspects of stochastic particle systems and to the notion of propagation of chaos. The second part presents concrete applications and a more detailed study of some of the important models in the field.
Traveling wave solutions of a singular Keller-Segel system with logistic source
Authors: Li Tong , Wang Zhi-An
Published: June 2022

This paper is concerned with the traveling wave solutions of a singular Keller-Segel system modeling chemotactic movement of biological species with logistic growth. We first show the existence of traveling wave solutions with zero chemical diffusion in $ \mathbb{R} $. We then show the existence of traveling wave solutions with small chemical diffusion by the geometric singular perturbation theory and establish the zero diffusion limit of traveling wave solutions. Furthermore, we show that the traveling wave solutions are linearly unstable in the Sobolev space $ H^1(\mathbb{R}) \times H^2(\mathbb{R}) $ by the spectral analysis. Finally we use numerical simulations to illustrate the stabilization of traveling wave profiles with fast decay initial data and numerically demonstrate the effect of system parameters on the wave propagation dynamics.
Impact of Employee-Based Brand Equity on Customer-Based Brand Equity
Authors: Abrar Muhammad , Khan Ahmad Sohail , Xiang Li
Published: June 2022

The chapter describes brand equity and its types. Moreover, it brings unique pieces of work representing the phenomenon of internal brand management (IBM) along with the impact of employee-based brand equity (EBBE) on customer-based brand equity (CBBE). There are mainly three types of brand equity: financial brand equity, CBBE, and EBBE. The author has referred to the literature on EBBE and CBBE in chronological order. The prominent models of CBBE and EBBE are briefly discussed. The impact of EBBE on CBBE is highlighted; moreover, the combined effect of both EBBE and CBBE on the market performance of the organization is described through a framework. The application of EBBE across various industries is also discussed in the chapter. The author has cited the most significant work on brand equity in a descriptive way highlighting the importance of brand equity in general and the impact of EBBE on CBBE in particular. The importance, integration, and combined effect of EBBE and CBBE on market performance have been discussed.
Employee-Based Brand Equity
Authors: Ahmad Bashir , Göç Kubilayhan , Yin Xiaohong
Published: June 2022

The notion of employee-based brand equity has gained in popularity during the last two decades. The concept of employee-based brand equity has become a key management and marketing concept because of its role in the branding and brand management process. This perspective reflects two intangible resources such as employees and brand, which are critical for a long-term competitive advantage. This chapter provides an updated literature review on the concept of employee-based brand equity that covers background, significance, objectives, conceptualization, antecedents, and outcomes/benefits of employee brand equity. The past literature is critically reviewed, and a potential research gap is identified for future researchers.
Knowledge-Sharing Culture and Employee-Based Brand Equity
Authors: Bashir Mohsin , Bhutta M Khurrum S. , Shahi Saman Goher
Published: June 2022

in this chapter, the knowledge-sharing culture and employee-based brand equity have been discussed. It's an organizational culture that promotes and allows employees to freely share their expertise, thoughts, and experiences. There are several advantages to fostering a knowledge-sharing culture in your organization. It's also worth mentioning that, while information sharing appears to be straightforward, there's a lot more to it than meets the eye. You should be aware that developing a knowledge-sharing culture in your company comes with several hurdles. It must be able to overcome these obstacles in order to design an effective one. EBBE is less concerned with the establishment of a brand identity, which is something that corporations do as a matter of course in their quest of competitive advantage. Rather, EBBE involves the translation of the brand identity in a form that is relevant to the employee in the context of their tasks and responsibilities, which may be described as the differential influence that brand knowledge has on an employee's attitude to their work environment.
Prediction of Ethereum Blockchain ERC-20 Token Standard Smart Contract Vulnerabilities Using Source Code Metrics
Authors: Ajienka Nemitari , Otuka Richard Ikechukwu
Published: June 2022

In this study, firstly, a dataset of 10,476 annotated vulnerable ERC-20 standard token smart contracts (belonging to a set of 33 common smart contract vulnerabilities) has been collected from a publicly available repository. Secondly, using the SolMet smart contract metrics measurement tool, the object-oriented software attributes (i.e., metrics) from each smart contract's source code has been extracted. Lastly, using the source code metrics and the vulnerability annotations (i.e., labels) as the input in supervised machine learning (classification) algorithms, the accuracy of each individual algorithm is evaluated against the accuracy of an ensemble classifier (namely voting). The model accuracies demonstrate the feasibility of identifying and prioritising smart contracts for further inspection prior to deployment to the blockchain network. The ensemble classifier performed better (accuracy = 0.79) compared to each classifier when used individually.
Case Study
Authors: Kamal Raza
Published: June 2022

Human beings cannot remain insulated from stress. However, individuals have varying levels of resistance against stress. In this case study, Jim experienced a high level of stress and eventually lost control over his behavior and skidded into an environment of burnout. In 1984, he rejoined a firm in Alberta, Canada. The employee is charged with enthusiasm and motivation. Due to low morale in the firm, a motivational plan is conceived and finalized amongst the senior command echelon. On 1 May 1984, there were several competitions conducted between the sub-units. He was the major contributor to the plan and felt equally delighted. However, on 8 May 1984, he started to openly display erratic behavior before his colleagues. As recollected by friends and himself, his behavior reflects a deviation from his normal character: highly energized, overly communicative, angry, and emotional verbosity. He is eventually diagnosed with a case of “Acute Stress Reaction” and administered medication.
The Demands-Resources-Individual Effects (DRIVE) Model
Authors: Margrove George , Smith Andrew P.
Published: June 2022

The first part of the present chapter describes the demands-resources-individual-effects (DRIVE) model development. This approach maintained the features of earlier models but emphasized individual differences and personal resources. The second part of the chapter reviews recent DRIVE research, focusing on investigating both positive and negative aspects of work. The third part of the chapter discusses psychosocial factors in practitioner research, which could adapt the DRIVE model to employee experience and engagement. Suggestions for future fundamental research and using DRIVE to individualize industry research are then made.
Individualism-Collectivism as Cultural Chasm
Authors: Nejad Harry , Nejad Fara
Published: June 2022

The chapter provides a deeper understanding of the cross-cultural differences between Chinese and Western values and workplace practices caused by dissimilarities concerning cultural nonpareils known as individualist versus collectivist views. Appropriately, this chapter utilizes concepts from various disciplines to investigate the role of these cultural polars and workplace stressors that might be rooted in holding such a worldview in the work environment. Selected themes, such as self-expression, personal success versus group success, and models of workplace stress, are presented to substantiate such a claim concerning the cultural chasm. This chapter may potentially unfold new opportunities to learn more about the differences between Western and Chinese anthropology and business cultures. The insight can assist policymakers in drafting more viable policies that benefit communities globally and produce plans that benefit everyone. The finding can also help business minds excel in the global market economy.
My Health Is the Main Capital I Have
Authors: Benitez Rojas Raquel Victoria
Published: June 2022

The words of the well-known North American writer Ernest Hemingway, when in a letter he said that his main capital was health and he needed time to rest to be back to work, will be the guide for the research of this chapter, where the main objective is to identify the effect of stress on creativity and how creativity can help to reduce stress. The relationship between stress and creativity has generated controversy as some authors express that stress is a well-known creativity killer, while others express small doses of stress are likely to produce the best ideas. Based on the idea that there's not really any evidence that one person is inherently more creative than another, the authors analyse how stress, the illness of the 21st century, affects creativity development and how certain therapies help to reduce it through art, literature, and some leisure activities. The investigation will find the effects of stress on creativity, not only in problem-solving but also in its relationship with health.
Determinants of Turnover Intentions of Malaysian Academicians
Authors: Abdul Latif Nurul Jannah , R. Ibrahim R Zirwatul Aida , Saputra Jumadil , Talib Jasmi Abu
Published: June 2022

This study examines the relationship between stress and job satisfaction on the turnover intention among academic staff of private higher educational institutions (HEIs) in Malaysia. A total of 308 private HEIs academic staff have participated through multistage cluster sampling. The results showed a significant positive relationship between stress and turnover intention and a significant negative relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. Also, stress and job satisfaction predicted the turnover intention among academic staff in private HEIs. The study provides a clearer understanding and reference to employers about the issue of retrenchment, stress, and job satisfaction among the academic staff of private HEIs in Malaysia. Appropriate strategies can be taken by the organisations involved. For employees, appropriate initiatives can address the causes of turnover intention, such as stress and job satisfaction. Good handling from all parties can prevent the occurrence of retrenchment and further improve the individuals' well-being.
Work From Home and Stress in the Slovak Academic Environment
Authors: Pondelíková Ivana , Tökölyová Tatiana
Published: June 2022

Before Covid-19 pandemic Slovak academic environment lacked any experience with “home-office teaching” and distance learning mainly concerned specialized courses or e-learning courses. Chapter introduces results of the original research in the academic environment in Slovakia experiencing online teaching since the outbreak of pandemic. Authors identify WAH (work at home) as an emergency mode in teaching as well as WAH effects on the physical and mental health of teachers. The presented research was carried out using a questionnaire. The research sample consisted of 75 Slovak university teachers. Chapter is divided into three main parts. The first identifies main attributes and experience of the corporate home office, including the identification of adverse impacts on employee health. This part is followed by a presentation of the results of the authors' research at universities and the aim is to examine the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on online work performance, personality and digital identity of university teachers and to find out the if this new situation causes burnout by academics as one of the most serious impacts of home office.
Gender-Related Stress at Work
Authors: Osman Tania
Published: June 2022

This chapter aims to understand the trend in the work-related stress experienced by working women in the current times. A study was conducted involving 70 female professionals. The respondents were selected using convenience sampling and snowballing over a geographically dispersed spread. This was done to identify the differences across different levels in the organization and cultures. Opinions were collected through online close-ended Likert-type questions. The findings clearly indicate that workplace dynamics have significantly changed over the years to eradicate gender inequalities and accommodate and empower female employees. In particular, the fact that more than 85% of the respondents clearly said that they have not experienced any gender-based pay gap is noteworthy since this has been present across cultures and economies until as recent as 20 years ago. The study leaves room for more in-depth research into this area involving a larger sample to further understand the implications of the findings.
A New Coping Strategy of College Students' Job-Seeking Stress
Authors: Ren Zheng , Ren Rong , Huang Ping , Teng Lei , Song Heyi
Published: June 2022

For a long time, the research and practice of job-seeking stress of college students have followed the therapeutic paradigm of traditional psychopathology, and the positive power of students themselves has not been paid enough attention. Subjective well-being (SWB) should not only be regarded as an object affected by adversity or pressure, but also a functional role with philosophical subject significance. The “broaden-and-build” effect of positive emotions makes subjective well-being an active system with integrity, dynamics, responsiveness, and promotion. Based on the “broaden-and-build” theory of positive emotions, this study constructs a conceptual framework of bidirectional interaction to characterize the two-way interaction form and internal mechanism between subjective well-being and job-seeking stress (JSS), which provides a new way to relieve job-seeking stress for Chinese college students.
The Impact of Work Demand Stressors on Employees' Work Engagement and Job Performance in Flexible Work Arrangements
Authors: Nikmah Uliyatun , Martdianty Fanny , Desiana Putri Mega
Published: June 2022

In these dynamic work environments, work demands stressors, namely job insecurity and conflict between work and family, can cause stress, which has become increasingly prevalent. The influence of the three chronic stressors on work outcomes documented by previous studies indicates a great challenge that is important to be analyzed further. To address the issue, this study integrates the role of a psychological factor in explaining the relationship by analyzing the perceptions of employees who are implementing flexible work arrangements. This study investigates the effect of job insecurity, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict on work engagement and job performance through the mediation role of psychological well-being. Data from 578 employees were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that increased perceptions of job insecurity, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict could harm psychological well-being, which, in turn, influence work engagement and job performance.
An Investigation of Psychological Well-Being among Single Mothers in Terengganu, Malaysia
Authors: Dagang Mazidah Mohd , R. Ibrahim R Zirwatul Aida , Saputra Jumadil , Husain Zuhda , Talib Jasmi Abu , Mohd Yusof Raba'Aton Adawiah , Ramley Fazliyaton
Published: June 2022

This study investigates the psychological well-being of single mothers and its relationship with resilience, coping strategies, and stress. This study also aimed to identify factors that could predict the psychological well-being of single mothers. This study was participated in by 328 single mothers in Terengganu. This study's questionnaires involve various instruments, such as the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience, Coping Strategies Inventory, and the Perceived Stress. The findings showed a modest level of psychological well-being among single mothers. Also, this study found that they have high levels of resilience, coping strategies, and stress. Meanwhile, regression analysis showed that resilience, coping strategies, and stress were predictors of psychological well-being among single mothers. Therefore, the findings of this study are expected to be the starting point for further studies on the empowerment of single mothers.
Product Aspect Ranking Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Alrababah Saif A. Ahmad , Gan Keng Hoon , Tan Tien-Ping , Al-Kabi Mohammed N.
Published: June 2022

Online product reviews often mention several aspects of the product. Reviews with multiple aspects are sometimes problematic because some of the aspects mentioned are of little or no relevance to either consumers or providers. Hence, it is important to identify relevant aspects of a product by ranking them in the order of their importance. With that, this chapter introduces a new criterion known as Aspect Relevancy in the process of ranking aspects. The study also incorporates multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) to recognize vital aspects retrieved from the consumers reviews of products and services. In ranking the selected aspects, the subjective technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is employed. The experimental results using Bing Liu and SemEval 2016 Task 5 datasets have demonstrated positive outcome of the proposed approach when compared with two baseline approaches in terms of NDCG@k ranking measure.
Social Media Marketing Strategies in the Lingerie Industry
Authors: De Miguel-Pérez Ana , Aramendia-Muneta Maria Elena
Published: June 2022

This chapter presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis on the comparison of social media audience, social posts, and engagement over Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter for the main five lingerie brands in Spain during the week prior to Valentine's Day. The results show that a direct relationship between audience growth and posting frequency could not be confirmed but both factors may affect on engagement and content. Indeed, it was demonstrated that giveaways and influencer collaborations as well as carousel and photos received better feedback on average for Instagram and Facebook and GIFs for Twitter. The most obvious finding to emerge is that Instagram received the title of the “social media queen” in terms of audience and engagement in the lingerie industry. Finally, it was stated that strategies such as adapting content to fit with their followers likes to build a community of engaged and loyal followers is related to social media campaign success.
Structural and Institutional Challenges of Prosecuting High Profile Persons in Corruption-Related Cases in Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Terry Jeff , Odek Antony Wando
Published: June 2022

The history of the fight against grift in Kenya commenced with anti-corruption legislation that dates back to 1956. However, prosecuting high-profile persons accused of corruption has proven to be difficult in Kenya. The past two years alone have witnessed an increase in reports of corruption scandals documented at the national and county level as well as in government Parastatals. However, owing to the recent changes in the office of the DPP and the political goodwill, some corruption cases have been renewed and are being prosecuted. This chapter examines the political influence and corruption challenges of prosecuting high-profile persons in corruption cases in Kenya. It also examined the recent strides made in prosecuting high-end corruption cases. It analyzed possible steps that can be taken to solve these difficulties. This chapter concludes that for a long time there has been lackadaisical attention given to the prosecution of high-profile cases, but the political good in recent months has breathed fresh air into the fight.
Observational Study on Outcomes after Radioiodine Ablation in Hyperthyroid Patients
Authors: Pamnani Harsha , Jindal Radhika , Khare Jaideep , Sharma Monika , Siddiqui Asim , Wangnoo Subhash K.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Radio-active Iodine (RAI) is a safe, definitive, and cost-effective modality of treatment that is used as the first line of treatment for Graves’ hyperthyroidism by most endocrinologists. Very few reports are available from India, observational follow-up data is needed to determine the meaningful prognostic outcomes of RAI ablation in the Indian population.

Aims:

To study the outcomes in hyperthyroid patients undergoing RAI ablation.

Materials and Methods:

This observational cohort study was conducted at Department of Endocrinology at Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi. A total of 82 hyperthyroid patients who underwent RAI ablation between June 2014 to June 2018 were enrolled. RAI dose was calculated arbitrarily in most cases; often by an empirical fixed dose based on the goiter size and RAIU. The patients were reviewed at 1, 3 and 6 months post-RAI ablation. During follow-up, along with a detailed clinical examination, free T4, free T3 and TSH were checked.

Results:

The dose of I-131 varied from 6 mCi to 14 mCi. Most of the patients were given RAI in the dose of 7.1-10 mci. About 63.4% of patients achieved hypothyroidism in 6 months, 6.1% in 1 month, 37.8% in 3 months, and 19.5% in 6 months. Gender, age, etiology of hyperthyroidism, baseline thyroid function, goiter, and ophthalmopathy did not affect outcomes after RAI ablation. Those who were not treated with antithyroid drugs prior to RAI therapy were found to have higher rates of conversion to a hypothyroid state.

Conclusion:

RAI can be given safely as the first line of treatment in Graves’ disease and antithyroid drug naïve patients respond better to therapy.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Patients with Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Khan Sajjad Ali , Suchal Zafar A. , Islam Najmul
Published: June 2022

Background and Objective:

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is a slow-growing tumour with 20% of the cases having distant metastasis. Its prognosis can vary by its histological characteristics, extension and spread. The data on metastatic DTC patients in Pakistan is scarce; therefore, the purpose of our study was to assess the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of metastatic DTC in our population.

Methods:

This retrospective, single-centre study was carried out on 117 patients with metastatic DTC with their age at diagnosis, gender, tumour size and extent and spread of the tumour, and its histologic characteristic recorded. The treatment they received and the outcome in terms of status, at last, follow-up were also recorded.

Results:

The mean age of diagnosis was found to be 46.6 ± 17.2 years with an almost equal male to female ratio. The most common site of metastasis was the lung followed by bone. Papillary carcinoma was the most common subtype with 89.7% of the cases followed by follicular carcinoma occurring in 7.7%. The overall survival in years was found to be 5.6 ± 2.6 years. Ninety-six per cent had complete surgical resection followed by radioactive iodine (RAI) in 91.5%.

Conclusion:

Our study shows that the most significant factors in predicting the outcome in metastatic DTC are age, an extrathyroidal extension of the primary tumour and distant metastasis. However, further multicentric studies done on a much larger population will be needed to further support and strengthen our results.
Tafenoquine for Plasmodium vivax malaria
Authors: Sharma Jatin , Gautam C.S. , Singh Harmanjit , Singh Jagjit
Published: June 2022

Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) malaria is a major problem in various countries such as America, Southeast Asia, Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean. The major barrier in controlling P. vivax malaria is its ability to remain in the liver as a hypnozoite form which is responsible for relapse of P. vivax malaria; hence it is necessary to target both the blood (schizont) as well as the liver (hypnozoite) stages of P. vivax to prevent its relapse. A number of factors limit the use of primaquine (PQ), the currently available therapy for P. vivax (hypnozoite stage), such as haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient patients and being contraindicated in pregnant women. Another problem associated with PQ is the poor adherence rate to the 14-day treatment regimen. Single-dose tafenoquine (TQ), an 8-aminoquinoline, has recently been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of P. vivax malaria along with a blood schizonticidal. TQ is active against all stages of P. vivax lifecycle. In published studies, TQ is considered a better alternative to PQ in terms of adherence, but there are some concerns regarding its safety, efficacy and study designs of trials conducted on TQ. In this context, this review, discusses the potential safety concerns, efficacy data, summary and an appraisal of findings of the important published trials of TQ.
Prevalence & spectrum of congenital anomalies at a tertiary care centre in north India over 20 years (1998-2017)
Authors: Kumar Jogender , Saini Shiv Sajan , Sundaram Venkataseshan , Mukhopadhyay Kanya , Dutta Sourabh , Kakkar Nandita , Kumar Praveen
Published: June 2022

Background & objectives:

Congenital anomalies lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Systematically published data on the prevalence and spectrum of congenital anomalies from India are scarce. This study was aimed to ascertain the prevalence, spectrum, trend, and outcome of congenital anomalies at a tertiary care centre in north India over two decades.

Methods:

Electronic records of all live births from January 1998 to December 2017 were retrieved, and the neonates with congenital anomaly were included in this retrospective analysis. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, tenth revision (ICD-10) was used for uniformity and international comparison. The further sub-categorization was done as per the WHO birth defects surveillance manual. The prevalence of individual as well as overall congenital anomalies was calculated. Run charts were used to analyze the trends.

Results:

In the two decades studied (1998-2017), there were 86850 live births, of which 1578 [1.82%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.73-1.91%] neonates had a major congenital anomaly. The overall prevalence of anomalies was 182 (95% CI: 173-191) per 10,000 live births. Malformation of the circulatory system was the most common (28.0%) followed by musculoskeletal (18.6%) and urinary system (14.3%). Congenital anomaly-related death rate was 6.78 per 1000 live births. No significant trend was observed in the annual prevalence, individual malformations or contribution of congenital anomalies to overall mortality over the two decades.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Our results showed a high prevalence of congenital anomalies which could be responsible for significant mortality, warranting the need for a national surveillance programme and birth defect services. It is important to have a national database to know the overall burden and spectrum of congenital anomalies in the country.
Tobacco use among college students in Kerala, India
Authors: Jaisoorya T.S. , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Menon Priya G. , Nair B. Sivasankaran , Rani Anjana , Thennarassu K.
Published: June 2022

Background & objectives:

Despite tobacco use among college students being a major health concern, data remain sparse from India. It is in this background that this study aimed to report the prevalence of tobacco use and its psychosocial correlates among college students in the State of Kerala, India.

Methods:

A total of 5784 students from 58 colleges from Ernakulam district, Kerala, selected by cluster random sampling and were provided with self-administered questionnaire. In addition to socio-demographic profile, the questionnaire incorporated alcohol, smoking, and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST, for assessing tobacco use and its severity, lifetime use of other substances); Kessler’s scale (psychological distress) and Barkeley’s scale (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms). Screening questions were used for assessing lifetime suicidality and sexual abuse.

Results:

The lifetime prevalence of tobacco use was 8.6 per cent (21.5% males and 1.4% female). Among users, hazardous and dependent use defined using ASSIST scores was 63.3 and 2.9 per cent, respectively. Tobacco use was associated with older age, being male, urban residence, having a part-time job, use of alcohol and illicit drugs and academic failures.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Although the prevalence of tobacco use in our study was relatively low, the proportionately higher rates of hazardous use and its association with the negative correlates suggest that more needs to be done to prevent its deleterious consequences.
Clinical features & treatment of early-stage gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
Authors: Yang HongLiang , Jielili Aibibai , Cao Zeng , Yuan Tian
Published: June 2022

Background & objectives:

Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a common marginal zone lymphoma. The stomach is the relatively common origin of the MALT lymphoma, now termed as extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. Gastric MALT lymphoma has good prognosis due to clinical response to treatment and favourable overall survival. In this study, clinical characteristics and treatment of patients of early gastric MALT lymphoma were retrospectively analysed.

Methods:

Seventy patients with stages I–II MALT-lymphoma treated from April 2003 to August 2015 were included. The most common symptoms were abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting and other digestive symptoms. Helicobacter pylori eradication was done in patients with proven H. pylori infection. Patients in whom H. pylori eradication therapy was not effective, alternative treatments options including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, were given.

Results:

Fifty two patients with H. pylori infection underwent anti-H. pylori therapy, the total effective rate of anti-H. pylori treatment was 92.3 per cent (48/52). Thirty two patients were given anti-tumour treatment, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. The total effective rate was 90.6 per cent (29/32). The five-year overall survival rate and five-year progression-free survival rate were 93.4 and 84.2 per cent, respectively.

Interpretation & conclusions:

For patients with early gastric MALT lymphoma, anti-H. pylori treatment may be effective. Patients with poor results of anti-H. pylori treatment need to be treated with anti-tumour therapy.
Expression of p16INK4a in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma from a tertiary cancer centre of South India
Authors: Pandiar Deepak , Nayanar Sangeetha K. , Babu Sajith , Babu Satheesh
Published: June 2022

Background & objectives:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are found to be strongly associated with each other with an increase in incidence has been noted globally over the years. A literature search for data depicting the role of HPV in oropharyngeal carcinoma in South India, however, has resulted in little information, thus, the present study was aimed to assess a possible association between the two among OPSCC patients from a tertiary care cancer centre in South India.

Methods:

One hundred and fourty three OPSCC cases were included in the study and analyzed for age, gender, marital status, habits, clinical TNM staging, site, laterality, symptoms, histological type (keratinizing and non-keratinizing), primary treatment and follow up period. All the cases were subjected to p16INK4a immunostaining. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.

Results:

Of the 143 cases 12 were found to be p16 positive with no significant difference between the study variables among p16 positive and negative cases. Base of the tongue was the most commonly involved site for the p16 positive cases. The p16 positive cases presented at an elderly age, early stage and were mainly the keratinizing type.

Interpretation & conclusions:

The p16 positive OPSCC cases constituted a small proportion in the present study and behaved similar to p16 negative cases. Usage of tobacco and alcohol appear to be the susceptible factors even in p16 positive cases. More studies from other States would be helpful to determine if HPV-related SCC in the Indian subcontinent behave differently or similarly to cases from Western countries.