bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on the relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment of Secondary School Student of Papumpare District (AP)
Authors: Ampa Tage
Published: June 2022

The present study was carried out in Papumpare district of Arunachal Pradesh with an objective to examine the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment of secondary school students in transition. The secondary level of education includes children between the age group of 14-18 years, the study was delimited to the sample of 2000 student of Class IX studying in Secondary schools in Papumpare District, Arunachal Pradesh. The result of the study suggests that there is a significant relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment of secondary school students in transition. The present study was also conducted to find out the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment by taking into consideration of student’s emotional intelligence and adjustment score categorised as high, average and below average. The result reveals that there is significant relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment of secondary school students in transition under High category. There is significant relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment of secondary school students in transition under Average category. There is no significant relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment of secondary school students in transition under Below Average category.
Resistance Movements in Eastern Arunachal Pradesh: A study of the Khamti tribe from 1826-1843
Authors: Tani Rubu
Published: June 2022

Since the perspectives of the national movement and tribal resistance differ due to various reasons, therefore, much of the history of tribal resistance against colonization has not been documented in details. In colonial records, however, these resistance acts have been interpreted and depicted as an attack by wild tribes on civilized governments. And, this form of colonial interpretation of history has been perpetuated for decades without any critical analysis of the events. In other words, many researchers failed to look at it from a tribal point of view; they failed to study it as a phenomenon of indigenous resistance. Throughout India’s tribal history, numerous heroic battles have been fought by the tribes against the colonial rule, but few of them have made it into history. This is particularly true of the adjacent hill tribes of Assam. The Khamtis who are considered as one of the most important communities of Arunachal Pradesh who carried out resistance movements against the colonial ruler, but their gallant act of resistance is still missing in the pages of history books. Therefore, all those tribal resistance movements should be researched and brought into the history of the region. Hence, in this paper, a humble attempt would be made to unearth the resistance movement of the Khamti.
Implementasi Metode Topsis Memilih Kelompok Tani Terbaik Dinas Pertanian Deli Serdang
Authors: Nuraini Wadhiyah Gajah
Published: June 2022

Kelompok Tani (Poktan) adalah kelompok orang-orang yang bekerja sebagai petani dan berbagi misi, visi, dan minat yang sama. Kelompok tani biasanya tersebar disetiap wilayah dimana penduduk memiliki profesi sebagai petani. Kelompok tani dibina oleh Dinas Pertanian Pemerintah daerah setempat. Dinas Pertanian Deli Serdang yang ada di Kabupaten Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara sebagai penyuluh pertanian diharapkan mampu melakukan kegiatan pembinaan dan memberikan penilaian yang tepat kepada seluruh kelompok tani di Kabupate Deli Serdang. Tujuan Penelitian ini ada untuk menentuk kelompok tani terbaik, dengan data yang terstruktur dan dari sisi penilaian berdasarkan banyaknya kriteria yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Dinas Pertanian Deli Serdang, diantaranya Struktur Organisasi, Aturan dan Norma, Administrasi Pembukuan, Pertemuan Rutin, Pelaksanaan Belajar, Melaksanakan Usaha, Pemumpukan Modal, Pelayanan Informasi dan Teknologi serta Evaluasi Usaha Kelompok, metode yang digunakan ada TOPSIS (teknik untuk preferensi pesanan dengan kemungkinan solusi Ideal), metode ini digunakan untuk menentukan Kriteria, Bobot Kriteria, dan nilai kriteria dengan cara yang sangat dinamis. Sistem ini dibuat berbasis web dengan Database MySQL.
Effects of selenium source and level on the physiological response, reproductive performance, serum Se level and milk composition in gestating sows
Authors: Jin Xing Hao , Kim Cheon Soo , Gim Min Jin , Kim Yoo Yong
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of selenium (Se) source and level on the physiological response, reproductive performance, serum Se level, and milk composition in gestating sows.Methods: A total of 54 multiparous sows (Yorkshire×Landrace) with average body weight (BW), backfat thickness (BF), and parity were assigned to one of five treatments with 10 or 11 sows per treatment using a 2×2 factorial arrangement with one additional treatment in a completely randomized design. Inorganic or organic Se (IS or OS) sources were added to the diet at 0.30 ppm and 0.50 ppm Se. A non-Se-fortified corn-soybean meal basal diet served as a negative control. Treatments were as follows: i) Control: corn-soybean based diet, ii) IS30: control+inorganic Se 0.30 ppm, iii) IS50: control+inorganic Se 0.50 ppm, iv) OS30: control+ organic Se ppm, and v) OS50: control+organic Se 0.50 ppm.Results: At day 21 of lactation, piglet weight and weight gain in the OS treatments were higher than those in the IS treatments (p<0.05). Meanwhile, adding 0.5 ppm Se also resulted in the same significant differences in piglet BW and weight gain (p<0.05). Colostrum and milk Se concentrations increased (p<0.05) with Se level for both Se sources but were greater when sows were fed organic Se (p<0.05). Except for 24 hours postpartum, the Se concentrations were higher when sows were fed organic Se (p<0.05). Sow serum Se content was greater as Se levels increased from 0.3 ppm to 0.5 ppm at day 110 of gestation, 24 hours postpartum and day 21 of lactation (p<0.05). The pig serum Se concentration increased as the dietary Se level increased (p<0.05) and was higher when the sow dietary Se source was organic (p<0.05). Organic Se 0.5 ppm also had the highest serum Se level at two measured points (p<0.05).Conclusion: Consequently, supplementation with organic Se or 0.5 ppm Se in a gestating diet could improve piglet performance, the Se status of sows and piglets and milk composition, but organic Se at 0.5 ppm is optimal.
Methods for segmentation of spinal cord and esophagus in radiotherapy planning computed tomography
Authors: Diniz João Otávio Bandeira , Silva Aristófanes Corrêa , Paiva Anselmo Cardoso de
Published: June 2022

Organs at Risk (OARs) are healthy tissues around cancer that must be preserved in radiotherapy (RT). The spinal cord and esophagus are crucial OARs. In this work, we proposed methods for the segmentation of these OARs from the CT using image processing techniques and deep convolutional neural network (CNN). For spinal cord segmentation, two methods are proposed, the first using techniques such as template matching, superpixel, and CNN. The second method, use adaptive template matching and CNN. In the esophagus segmentation, we proposed a method composed of registration techniques, atlas, pre-processing, U-Net, and post-processing. The methods were applied to 36 planning CT images provided by The Cancer Imaging Archive. The first method for spinal cord segmentation obtained 78.20% Dice. The second method for spinal cord segmentation obtained 81.69% Dice. The esophagus segmentation method obtained an accuracy of 82.15% Dice.
Unsupervised Brain Anomaly Detection in MR Images
Authors: Martins Samuel Botter , Telea Alexandru Cristian , Falcão Alexandre Xavier
Published: June 2022

Many brain anomalies are associated with abnormal asymmetries. To detect and/or segment such anomalies in brain images, most automatic methods rely on supervised learning. This requires a large number of high-quality annotated training images, which is lacking for most medical image analysis problems. In contrast, unsupervised methods aim to learn a model from unlabeled healthy images, so that an unseen image that breaks priors of this model, i.e., an outlier, is considered an anomaly. This paper addresses the development of solutions to leverage unsupervised machine learning for the detection/analysis of abnormal brain asymmetries related to anomalies in magnetic resonance (MR) images. Experimental results on 3D MR-T1 images from healthy subjects and patients with a variety of lesions show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed unsupervised approaches for brain anomaly detection.
Breast Tomosynthesis Reconstruction Using Artificial Neural Networks with Deep Learning
Authors: Paula Davi Duarte de , Salvadro Denis H. P.
Published: June 2022

The Filtered Backprojection (FBP) algorithm for Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction can be mapped entire in an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), with the backprojection (BP) operation simulated analytically in a layer and the Ram-Lak filter simulated as a convolutional layer. Thus, this work adapt the BP layer for DBT reconstruction, making possible the use of FBP simulated as a ANN to reconstruct DBT images. For evaluation, Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) metrics were calculated to measure the improvement of the images made by the ANN, regarding a dataset containing 100 virtual breast phantoms to perform the experiments. We shown that making the Ram-Lak layer trainable, the reconstructed image can be improved in terms of noise reduction. And, considering an additional post-filtering step performed by Denoising Convolutional Neural Network (DnCNN), it shown comparable and superior results than a stateof-the-art DBT reconstruction method, averaging 37.644 dB and 0.869 values of PSNR and SSIM, respectively. Finally, this study enables additional proposals of ANN with Deep Learning models for DBT reconstruction and denoising.
On periodic tilings with regular polygons
Authors: Sánchez José Ezequiel Soto , Medeiros e Sá Asla , Figueiredo Luiz Henrique de
Published: June 2022

The thesis describes a simple integer-based computational representation for periodic tilings of regular polygons using complex numbers, which is now the state of the art for these objects. Several properties of this representation are discussed, including elegant and efficient strategies for acquisition, reconstruction, rendering, and automatic crystallographic classification by symmetry detection. The thesis also describes a novel strategy for the enumeration and generation of triangle-square tilings via equivalence with edge-labeled hexagonal graphs. The equivalence provide triangle-square tilings with an algebraic structure that allows an unfolding interpretation.
Virtual lines for offside situations analysis in football
Authors: Lima Karim Ferreira , Figueiredo Rodrigo Marques de , Martins Eduardo Augusto , Schmith Jean
Published: June 2022

Offside is one of the situations that is analyzed by the Video Assistant Referee (VAR). However, it has caused some controversy due to the delay in the analysis and definition of the irregularity. This work proposes a method that helps in the analysis of offside situations and also makes it available for nonprofessional matches. Here, image processing algorithms were used to determine offside situations in football matches from TV videos, of course, in accordance with the game regulation. The method includes the image vanishing point identification, camera calibration and the virtual offside line drawing. The method presented good results from 10 videos selected for analysis, with five from the right side of the field and five on from the left side. Among the videos, one was chosen as the basis for explaining the development of the method and demonstrate a situation with a virtual line drawn automatically, therefore determining an offside situation. As a result, the virtual line is identified by the color red when the manually selected player is in offside and green when he is not.
Classificando Modelos de Implantes Dentários Usando Redes Neurais Convolucionais com Dados Sintetizados
Authors: Louzada Henrique Almeida , Paula Maria Inês Lage de
Published: June 2022

Classifying dental implants in radiography images using Convolutional Neural Networks implies training them using images that are hardly publicly available. This work seeks to build a synthetic database of dental implants and test its effectiveness when using it to train one of these networks. Three different implant models were methodically photographed and basic Data Augmentation and Style Transfer techniques were used to create a training database. Some real X-ray images were collected to compose a test dataset and a simple Convolutional Neural Network was architected. Training this network with the synthetic set and testing it with the real set resulted in a predictive model with 71% overall accuracy, which highlights the possibility of using a synthetic database for this purpose. Implications for results and future work were discussed.
The Use of an Augmented Reality Application to improve User Experience in Museums in São Luís - Maranhão
Authors: Berthier Gabriel Nogueira , Gomes Jr. Daniel Lima , Maia Ivana Márcia Oliveira , Paiva Anselmo Cardoso de
Published: June 2022

Museums are often acknowledged as a place to get involved into education, history and the world of art, serving large communities with the access to their exhibits as well as being seen as a knowledge source provided by their guides, collections, archives and others. Whilst visitors' experience in such given contexts may have been almost the same for a long time in which the interaction with the displayed artifacts and the experience within the context is restrained due to impositions to prevent visitors from handle assets and collections -, in many museums, gradually, the approach towards their visitors has changed as an attempt to improve the quality of experience offered. One strategy applied to improve visitors' experience in an exhibition environment is to use Augmented Reality (AR) as a manner to bring the user into a more active role and witness exhibitions at their own pace. This strategy consists in the employment of Augmented Reality in order to supply the visitor with a more detailed and interactive perspective of the assets presented, extending the comprehension of the surrounding space and adding an extra informative and interactive real time layer. This project's main goal is to provide an augmented reality application to be used by São Luís museums' visitors, in order to make exhibitions more attractive and educative to a large percentage of the population, as long as they have access to smartphones and mobile devices. The developed application was done focusing on fast development and recognition quality. Also, experiments using 2D and 3D shapes were conducted in order to prepare the system for future realistic fiducial markers and real life objects. The results satisfied the usage concepts, although latency and performance are still a concern when regarding multi-targets and connecting to a remote web service. The construction of an AR system has enough support to deliver both tracking and display virtual objects with no major performance loss, hence identifying one target at time and generating virtual content during usage can be done in a scenario such as the museum metaphor, accomplishing the conceptual goals aimed prior to the developed app.
A Comparative Study of Methods based on Deep Neural Networks for Self-reading of Energy Consumption in a Chatbot Application Context
Authors: Rocha Carlos V. M. , Vieira Pedro H. C. , Pinto Antonio M. , Bernhard Pedro V. M. , Anchieta Junior Ricardo J. F. , Marques Ricardo C. S. , Silva Italo F. S. , Rocha Simara V. , Silva Aristófanes C. , Nogueira Hugo D. C. S. , Monteiro Eliana M. G.
Published: June 2022

Self-reading is a process in which the consumer is responsible for measuring his own energy consumption, which can be done through digital platforms, such as websites or mobile applications. The Equatorial Energy group's electric utilities have been working on developing a chatbot application through which consumers can send an image of their energy meter to a server that runs a method based on image processing and deep learning for the automatic recognition of consumption reading. However, these methods in a solution available to the public should consider factors such as response time and accuracy, so that it presents a satisfactory response time when it needs to handle a large number of simultaneous requests. Therefore, this paper presents a comparative study between approaches developed for the automatic recognition of consumption readings in images of electric meters sent to the server. Response time performances are analyzed through stress tests that simulate the real application scenario. The mean average precision (mAP) and the accuracy metrics of the methods are also analyzed in order to evaluate the generalization of the used convolutional neural networks.
Visual Analytics Research at Universidade Federal do Ceará
Authors: Santos Emanuele , Neto José F. de Queiroz , Gomes George A. M. , Leite Junior Antonio José M. , Cavalcante Neto Joaquim Bento , Vidal Creto Augusto , Silva Ticiana L. Coelho da , Macedo Jose Antonio F.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we describe the research in visual analytics that is a partnership between two research groups at the Federal University of Ceara, CRAB – Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, Animation, and Visualization Group and Insight Data Science Lab. This fruitful collaboration joined CRAB’s expertise in Visualization with Insight Lab’s expertise in Data Science to bring about valuable research and development projects in the public and private sector in many areas, including crime analysis, mobility data visualization, education, and games. We briefly describe our main projects in these areas and their social, technological, and scientific contributions in the following sections.
Vehicle Make Detection Using the Transfer Learning Approach
Authors: Komolovaite Dovile , Krisciunas Andrius , Lagzdinyte-Budnike Ingrida , Budnikas Aurelijus , Rentelis Dominykas
Published: June 2022

Vehicle detection and classification is an important part of an intelligent transportation surveillance system. Although car detection is a trivial task for deep learning models, studies have shown that when vehicles are visible from different angles, more research is relevant for brand classification. Furthermore, each year, more than 30 new car models are released to the United States market alone, implying that the model needs to be updated with new classes, and the task becomes more complex over time. As a result, a transfer learning approach has been investigated that allows the retraining of a model with a small amount of data. This study proposes an efficient solution to develop an updatable local vehicle brand monitoring system. The proposed framework includes the dataset preparation, object detection, and a view-independent make classification model that has been tested using two efficient deep learning architectures, EfficientNetV2 and MobileNetV2. The model was trained on the dominant car brands in Lithuania and achieved 81.39 % accuracy in classifying 19 classes, using 400 to 500 images per class.
Responses of Spinach (Spinacia oleraceaL.) to Acidic Saline Soils as Affected by Different Amendments
Authors: Roy Sajal , Chowdhury Nasrin
Published: June 2022

Soil salinity impedes the normal growth of plants by a number of mechanisms, including osmotic stress and imbalance absorption of essential nutrients. The present study focused on holistic approaches to the production of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in clay loam acidic saline soils. In connection with this, spinach was grown in soils with two salinity levels (hereinafter referred to as soil A: high salinity and soil B: extreme salinity) in the presence of vermicompost (VC), wood ash (WA), and zeolite (ZL) applied at the rates of 1% and 2% (w/w) both alone and in combination along with N-P-K fertilizer. Results indicated better growth as well as the uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na) over control with significant (p < 0.01) differences when VC and WA were applied in combination. The Cshoot/Croot quotient of N, K, Ca, Mg, and Na was found greater than 1, whereas P was observed lower than 1. The Na: K, Na: Ca, and Na: Mg ratios were found to be highest in control that differed significantly (p < 0.01) from the rest of the amended soils. The present study suggests the combined application of VC and WA at the rate of 1% before cultivation to influence soil nutrient dynamics and plant growth in saline soils with acidic soil reactions.
Evaluating Waste-to-Energy Technologies as a Waste Management Solution for Uganda
Authors: Nagawa Charlene
Published: June 2022

Currently, the world generates 2.01 billion tonnes of waste annually and this is expected to increase to 3.401 billion tonnes of waste by 2050. The continual generation of waste is at the forefront of combating climate change because the waste generated is associated with GHG emissions among other environmental concern. Literature reports that developing countries are lagging the developed countries in waste management and yet these regions are expected to account for most waste generated by 2050. This chapter focuses on the application of Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Techniques in Uganda (developing country) as a way of managing waste, and recommends policies that the Government of Uganda could adopt from the UK to successfully implement these initiatives. The WTE technologies analysed are landfill gas recovery, anaerobic digestion, incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification. The chapter also reviews the current solid waste situation in Uganda with a comparative analysis of the technologies. Since Uganda is a low-income country, it is advised that the country enters Public-Private Partnerships where the developers build and own the technologies. The assessment is informed by literature and personal judgement. Recommendations are made to the GOU on how best to support stakeholders of WTE initiatives further areas of study are highlighted.
Germicidal and Antineoplastic Activities of Curcumin and Curcumin-Derived Nanoparticles
Authors: Makgoo Lilian , Mbita Zukile
Published: June 2022

Curcumin is a major constituent of turmeric and has been shown to have a plethora of health benefits, which include, among many, antimicrobial, anticancer, and reduction of cholesterol. However, it has also been reported that curcumin has less bioaccumulation and is quickly metabolized and cleared from the body. Nanoparticle formulations are known to increase curcumin biocompatibility and targeting. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of curcumin has been extensively studied and the mechanism of action provides clues for the development of new drugs for drug-resistant microbes. Thus, this chapter will review the biomedical application of curcumin and its nanoformulations against different microbes and other diseases, including cancer.
Surgical Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: From the Past to the Future
Authors: Bellini Alice , Aramini Beatrice , Stella Franco
Published: June 2022

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, principally caused by a prior asbestos exposure. Up to the present, multimodality protocols including surgery with chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT) represent the therapeutic gold standard for selected patients (epithelial and early-stage MPM). In this context, the aim of surgery is to accomplish the macroscopic complete resection (MCR). There are two main surgical options to obtain MCR—extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) and pleurectomy/decortication (PD). The superiority of one surgical approach over the other is still discussed. To date, the decision to carry out one or the other in a multimodal setting is established on surgeons’ preference more than on strong scientific evidence. Due to the high morbidity, both surgical techniques should be achieved in tertiary referral centres. In summary, surgery, CT, and RT have failed as single modality therapies with no effects on patients survival. This aspect may be justified by the lack of randomized trials. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies, such as multimodality treatment and targeted agents, seem to prolong the survival and the quality of life. The aim of this chapter is to provide a complete overview of the current surgical approaches to MPM, discussing within the frameworks of pre-operative diagnostic evaluation and multimodality oncological treatments.
Strategically Planning of Hydroelectric Projects for Reduce the Physical Vulnerability of Landscape in Upper Sutlej Valley, Western Himalayas, India
Authors: Kumar Jamwal Amit , Sharma Vikram
Published: June 2022

Hydropower’s development in the Himalayas region is major concern because area is prone to the geo hazards. The high vulnerability of physical landscape pays attention on the planning of hydropower’s projects. This qualitative empirical research in western Himalayas, present the vulnerability of region and impacts of hydroelectric projects on physical landscape. The IPCC frame work of vulnerability assessment was used to assess the vulnerability in upper Sutlej valley. The indicator based methodology and Geographic information System (GIS) & Remote Sensing (RS) applications were adopted to highlight the impacts and vulnerability. The strategic buffering equal distance analysis was done and this indicates the ignorance of hydropower planning processes. The GIS mapping indicated the excessive development of hydroelectric projects in single river valley and strategic planning emphasizes to follow aerial equidistance between two projects while introducing hydropower projects in the Sutlej valley or any other valleys of the Himalayas region. The suggested strategy shall control the physical, social and economic losses in study region. In addition, this strategy will work as guidelines to develop hydropower projects in other valleys of the Himalaya.
Justification of some Aspects of the Choice of Training Means Selection in Track-and-Field Jumps
Authors: Shestakov Mikhail , Zubkova Anna
Published: June 2022

The chapter deals with the aspects of a take-off in track-and-field jumps with regard to biomechanics and physiological processes. In this chapter, we describe biomechanical and physiological processes underlying the main biomechanisms (BM), which are involved in track-and-field jumps. Our investigation aims at confirmation of the hypothesis that the concept of BM forms the basis of the approach to selecting technique development means in track-and-field. The aim of the first part of the research was to compare the contribution of different BMs. We have analyzed biomechanical parameters of the take-off in a group of elite jumpers (n = 50) during official competitions. Computer simulation modeling was used to detect how an increase in the run-up speed changed the contribution of different BMs. The aim of the second part of the research was to examine the peculiarities of a take-off in special exercises. Findings of the research demonstrated that the take-off in training exercises was performed using relatively independent BMs, similar to those used in competitive jumps. Being dependent on the motor task, key biomechanisms appear to be interdependent on the dynamic level. The role and contribution of the BMs depend on the type of exercise or conditions of its execution, initial conditions, and a motor task set to an athlete.
Building Competency for Health Promoting Schools Development in Resource-Limited Settings: Case Studies from South Africa
Authors: Mashamba Joyce , Mohamed Suraya , Delobelle Peter , Onya Hans
Published: June 2022

This chapter outlines the development of two health promoting schools (HPS) programs in resource-limited settings in South Africa, informed by work from two PhD tracks and a round table discussion on core health promotion competencies. The chapter focuses on the development, implementation, and evaluation of a training program for HPS among high school educators in the Limpopo Province guided by an assessment of priority needs; and factors influencing HPS implementation in three secondary schools in Cape Town. The first case study focuses on training program objectives, learning outcomes, and critical cross-field outcomes related to introducing the concept of HPS, empowerment of educators to initiate and evaluate HPS program design, and implementation. The second case study focuses on the role of external actors and stakeholders in designing and implementing HPS in resource-limited settings and the barriers and enablers related to HPS capacity building. The findings are discussed with reference to the national context and international literature and the competencies needed to guarantee successful HPS program implementation.
Genetic Algorithms for Chemical Engineering Optimization Problems
Authors: Anh-Nga Nguyen Thi , Nguyen Tuan-Anh
Published: June 2022

Chemical engineering processes are frequently composed of multiple complex phenomena. These systems can be represented by a set of several equations, which are referred to as mathematical model of the process. Optimization in chemical engineering utilizes specialized techniques to determine the values of the decision variables at which the performance of the process, measured as the objective function(s), is minimum or maximum. The profitability of the process improves remarkably as a result of this selection. This benefit has encouraged the broad application of optimization for important industrial challenges. However, many problems in chemical engineering processes are hard to find the optimum using gradient-based algorithms. For example, the cases when the objective functions of the processes are multimodal, discontinuous, or implicit. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a kind of metaheuristic searching optimization methods, which are inspired by nature, the mechanics of natural evolution and genetics. Genetic algorithms have received significant attention due to their remarkable advantages over classical algorithms. Compared with traditional optimization approaches, GAs are straightforward, robust, capable of handling the non-differentiable, discontinuous, or multimodal problems. The purpose of this paper is to give several case studies using genetic algorithms in chemical engineering optimization problems.
Satellite Control System: Part II - Control Modes, Power, Interface, and Testing
Authors: V. Kim Yuri
Published: June 2022

This part II of the chapter Satellite Control System (SCS) was originally planned for publishing in the book Satellite Systems (Acad. Ed. Dr. T. Nguyen), dedicated to the Systems Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis, together with the Part I (SCS Architecture and Main Components). However, restricted volume of this book did not let the publisher to put then this part in the book. The book Recent Applications in Remote Sensing (Acad. Ed. Prof. M. Marhgany) considers the various aspects of the optical and radiolocation sensing and imaging of the Earth surface from Space. Consequently, as it was presented in the Part I, the author adheres to the point of view here that satellite is not just a platform to carry in Space a payload, but is equipment integration system and its designer is in charge for fully integrated and Space-qualified Space segment, which with the corresponding operation and ground equipment would be capable to successfully execute dedicated mission (Remote Sensing). The material, presented in this part, briefly highlights the basic aspects of SCS control modes, electric and informational interface, and ground testing, which would promote successful interaction with satellite payload, such as Remote Sensing subsystem and mission success.
Perspective Chapter: On Rolling Bearing Fault Feature Extraction Based on Entropy Feature
Authors: Sun Yongjian , Wang Zihan
Published: June 2022

In large machinery, the most common element we can use is rolling bearing. When the rolling bearing fails, it is very likely to affect the normal operation of the equipment, or even cause danger. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and diagnose the bearing fault in advance. The most important step in fault diagnosis is feature extraction. In this paper, the approximate entropy, the sample entropy, and the information entropy are analyzed, and the feature is extracted to diagnose the rolling bearing fault. Firstly, the concepts of approximate entropy, sample entropy, and information entropy are introduced briefly, and the approximate entropy, sample entropy and information entropy of rolling bearing vibration signals under different fault modes are calculated. The feasibility and shortcomings of the features extracted from these three entropy in the fault characteristics of rolling bearing are analyzed. In order to make up for their defects, a method of fault feature extraction based on approximate entropy, sample entropy, and information entropy is proposed, and its feasibility is verified. Simulation experiments are carried out to calculate the accuracy of fault feature extraction based on the joint analysis of approximate entropy, sample entropy, and information entropy.
Metal Nanoparticles and Abiotic Stress Tolerance
Authors: Dahajipour Heidarabadi Maryam
Published: June 2022

Nanotechnology opens a large scope of novel applications in the fields of biotechnology and agricultural industries. Nanoparticles (NPs) are described as particles with at least one dimension in the 1–100 nm size range. They have unique physicochemical properties, i.e., high surface area, high reactivity, tunable pore size, and particle morphology. Abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, flooding, heat, heavy metals, etc. are major constraints that affect the growth and productivity of plants. To overcome the impact of these abiotic stresses, many strategies could be considered to support plant growth including the use of metal nanoparticles. Several metal nanoparticles (such as Zn, Fe, Ti, Ag, Mn, Cu, and Mo NPs) are being studied to assess their potential in protecting plants from abiotic stresses, improving plants, and modulating various plant processes. The present review has investigated the beneficial role of metal nanoparticles in alleviation of various abiotic stresses in some plants.
Effect of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Prostate Cancer (Review)
Authors: N. Peshkov Maxim , P. Peshkova Galina , V. Reshetov Igor
Published: June 2022

The human prostate gland is an endocrine organ in which dysregulation of various hormonal factors plays a key role in the development of non-tissue transformation and leads to the formation of prostate cancer. Existing epidemiological data confirm the role of the components of the metabolic syndrome, namely obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and hyperinsulinemia, in the development and/or progression of prostate cancer. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the relationship between metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer remain largely unknown, it has been shown that various “in vitro” and animal experiments with models of the metabolic syndrome contribute to survival, mitogenesis, metastasis, and treatment resistance pathways through various adaptive reactions, such as intracellular steroidogenesis and lipogenesis. Although the exact biopathophysiological mechanisms between metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer have yet to be studied, drugs that target specific components of the metabolic syndrome have also provided evidence for the relationship between metabolic syndrome, its components, and prostate cancer. The appearance of “in vitro” results and molecular genetic research data will bring us closer to using this knowledge to determine specific ways of cancer-specific survival and improve treatment outcomes in patients with this disease.
Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine
Authors: Sur Daniel , Gorzo Alecsandra , Burz Claudia
Published: June 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the third most common cancer type and the second cause of cancer-related death worldwide, representing a significant global public health issue. Approximately 20% of patients present with metastatic disease, while up to 50% of those with early stages will eventually develop metastasis. During the last two decades, sustained efforts have been made to discover the molecular landscape of CRC and identify novel therapeutic targets. These efforts changed the treatment paradigm for CRC and improved survival significantly in metastatic disease. Immunotherapy represents a novel and exciting treatment option with promising results in gastrointestinal malignancies. The application of immunotherapy in CRC showed impressive results in a subset of patients with high microsatellite instability/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) phenotype. An in-depth analysis of these particular MSI-H/dMMR tumors revealed that they are characterized by a high mutational load resulting in an increased number of neoantigens and a highly infiltrated tumor microenvironment. The Food and Drug Association (FDA) has recently approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) pembrolizumab and nivolumab +/− ipilimumab for first-line and non-first-line therapy of MSI-H/dMMR metastatic CRC, contributing to the continuum of care in these patients. This chapter aims to overview the immune landscape and immunotherapeutic strategies in CRC.
Elasticity of Auxetic Materials
Authors: Rushchitsky Jeremiah
Published: June 2022

The auxeticity of elastic materials is described and explained by the use of the linear and nonlinear models of elastic deformations for a wide range of strain values up to moderate levels. This chapter consists of three parts – general information on auxetic materials, description of auxetics by the model of the linear theory of elasticity, description of auxetics by the models of the nonlinear theory of elasticity. The analytical expressions are offered that corresponds to three kinds of universal deformations (simple shear, uniaxial tension, omniaxial tension) within the framework of three well-known in the nonlinear theory of elasticity models – two-constant Neo-Hookean model, three-constant Mooney-Rivlin model, five-constant Murna-ghan model. A most interesting novelty consists in that the sample from elastic material is deformed as the conventional material for small values of strains whereas as the auxetic with increasing to moderate values of strains.
Vascular Factors Affecting Outcomes of Snuffbox AV Fistula with Side-to-Side Anastomosis: A Single Institutional Observational Study
Authors: Vernekar Ritesh R. , Prabha Vikram , Patil Shashank D.
Published: June 2022

Background: Angioaccess is considered the "Tendon of Achilles" for hemodialysis. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the commonly entailed vascular access for hemodialysis. Objectives: The present study evaluates the outcomes of anatomical snuffbox AVF by preoperative and postoperative color Doppler scans. It also determines the anatomical snuffbox AVF maturation rate concerning preoperative radial artery diameter (RAD), cephalic vein diameter (CVD), cephalic vein distensibility, and peak systolic velocity (PSV). Methods: This study was conducted from April 2020 to January 2021 on end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) patients undergoing an operation for anatomical snuffbox AVF creation at our center after taking permission from the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from patients. Results: Thirty-five ESRD patients underwent snuffbox arteriovenous fistula (SBAVF) creation, including 68% males and 32% females. Diabetes mellitus was noted in 40% and hypertension in 80%. Successful AVF maturation was noted in 92% (69.57% of males and 30.43% of females). The mean RAD assessed on color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) preoperatively was 1.79 mm, while the peak velocity of the radial artery at the snuffbox was 23.80 cm/s. Conclusions: We recommend applying the side-to-side configuration as its anastomosis angle is less owing to the lesser kink on the anastomotic site. A longer segment of anastomosis is achieved, and better fluid dynamics and WSS profiles are seen in this configuration with good outcomes.
Negative Correlation of Interleukin-38 Serum Level with Alkaline Phosphatase and Persistent Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Rokhtabnak Najmeh , Ataollahi Mohammad Reza , Asadipour Morvarid , Ali-Hassanzadeh Mohammad , Fazeli Pooria , Khansalar Soolmaz , Ghani Esmaeel , Kalantar Kurosh
Published: June 2022

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main cause of acute and chronic liver failure. It seems that interleukin-38 (IL-38), a member of IL-1 cytokine family, has an anti-inflammatory function through binding to the receptor of several cytokines. Objectives: To examine serum level of IL-38 in HCV-infected patients and its correlation with liver enzymes. Methods: We measured serum levels of IL-38 and liver enzymes in 26 untreated and 11 treated HCV-infected patients and 26 healthy individuals using ELISA and biochemistry assay kits, respectively. Results: Serum level of IL-38 was significantly lower in untreated HCV+ patients compared to treated patients (P = 0.014) and control group (P < 0.0001). In addition, IL-38 levels negatively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in untreated HCV+ patients (r = -0.905, P = 0.042). However, no significant correlations were detected between serum levels of IL-38 and other liver enzymes. Conclusions: Our results suggest a potential anti-inflammatory role for IL-38 in chronic HCV infection which can be implemented to prevent severe hepatic failure in patients with hepatitis C.
Význam, potenciál a limity sledování digitální výkonnosti regionů: Příklad ČR
Authors: Kubíková Martina , Pělucha Martin
Published: June 2022

The paper focuses on the evaluation of mainstreaming of the availability of statistical indicators and their use in the design of the national and regional development strategies. Although a large amount of funds (from the EU structural funds and new instruments, e. g. National Recovery Plans or the process of Just Transition in coal regions) is being invested in the development of the digital economy. The question is the effectiveness and efficiency of the expenditure and the reflection of the real needs of regional and local entities. The analysis of key documents for regional development of the Czech Republic (i.e. the Regional Development Strategy 21+ and the development strategies of the regions) showed that these strategies reflect the area of digitalization only to a limited extent, which is due to the sectoral concept of digitalization within the national Digital Czechia Strategy under the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The consequence is a weak reflection of the territorial dimension of this topic and a lack of adequate data at the regional level. According to these findings, the authors point to a dichotomy between the set implementation system of interventions for digitalization and minimal reflection on monitoring and creation of contextual statistical indicators for assessing the progress of digitalization at the regional level (especially by the Czech Statistical Office). The paper concludes by arguing for the need to increase funding for the necessary changes and to expand the monitoring and statistical coverage of digitisation in the Czech Republic.
Třetí role univerzit: Jakou roli hrají české regionální univerzity na poli regionální angažovanosti?
Authors: Šilhánková Vladimíra , Maštálka Martin
Published: June 2022

Institutional approaches to regional development are based on the idea that it is public institutions that create the institutional framework for the quality development of the region. Individual directions then try to identify the key actors who will become the main moderator / facilitator of the development of the region. The Triple Helix theory, as such a key development actor, defines a local university. He attributes to it the so-called "third role", where, in addition to research and teaching, it is the university that takes over the facilitation of further development of the region. In the Czech Republic, the third role of universities is supported at the state level, and individual regional universities are motivated to accept this role. But the approaches are quite different. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the approaches of selected regional universities in the Czech Republic to their "third role" in regional development over the past five years. The strategic objectives of universities in the area of their regional engagement and implemented activities in five areas (1) science for the public, (2) promotion of scientific literacy, (3) community outreach, (4) civic engagement, and (5) social entrepreneurship were analyzed for the period 2016-2020. The analysis showed that the regional involvement of universities in the Czech Republic is very limited and focuses mainly on the areas of support for scientific literacy and civic engagement.
Faktory a překážky ovlivňující úspěšnost regenerace brownfields zemědělského původu v Jihomoravském kraji
Authors: Charvátová Klára
Published: June 2022

The article is focused on the regeneration process of agricultural brownfields in the South Moravian Region. The selected area was intensively used for agriculture in the past, and as a result of deagrarization, a large number of brownfields originated in this area. Unused and abandoned buildings bring many problems, they are often demolished, and subsequently, new buildings are built in their place. Regeneration, which is usually more complicated than demolition and new construction, can be a much better option, however, its result can be far more valuable. During regeneration, many circumstances can be encountered that contribute to the successful restoration of the site, as well as obstacles that need to be overcome. Therefore, the aim of the article is to find, with the help of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, the most common factors and obstacles associated with the successful regeneration of the agricultural brownfields in the South Moravian Region and suggest possible recommendations for streamlining regeneration processes. The research showed that an essential prerequisite for successful regeneration is the preparatory phase, in which a decision is made on the meaningful use of the brownfield. The next necessary step is resolving the property law relationship, securing financial resources, processing project documentation, and examining all risks that could complicate the regeneration activities. After that, it depends mainly on the involved stakeholders, their motivation, mutual cooperation and a thoughtful procedure that bring the whole project to successful completion and subsequent operation.
Hospodárenie s majetkom – Priestor pre vyrovnávanie regionálnych rozdielov?
Authors: Žárska Elena
Published: June 2022

The financial management of self-governing regions is often examined, but less so their property management. The aim of the paper is to analyze the situation in individual self-governing regions of the Slovak Republic in the time series of 15 years (2005 - 2019) and to identify differences in the method of financing and also in the efficiency of property management. To achieve the goal, two hypotheses were set: H1: The increase in property strength is achieved by increasing the region's debt and H2: The income effect from the region's assets increases with the reproductive power of the assets. The method property creditworthiness was used for the analysis. The results confirmed H1, stating that the source of asset growth is also debt growth (Žilina, Trnava, Prešov region), but several local authorities also significantly use other sources (Nitra, Košice, Trenčín). H2 was only partially confirmed – the regions increased the value of the property, but the income from it was not decisive. This indicates that they have built the infrastructure to provide entrusted services to citizens. The analysis also pointed to the phenomenon that the total value of assets per capita shows significant regional differences over the whole period.