bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An informative planning-based multi-layer robot navigation system as applied in a poultry barn
Authors: Lei Tingjun , Li Guoming , Luo Chaomin , Zhang Li , Liu Lantao , Gates Richard Stephen
Published: October 2022

Many real-world robot applications, as found in precision agriculture, poultry farms, disaster response, and environment monitoring, require search, locate, and removal (SLR) operations by autonomous mobile robots. In such application settings, the robots initially search and explore the entire workspace to find the targets, so that the subsequent robots conveniently move directly to the targets to fulfill the task. A multi-layer robot navigation system is necessary for SLR operations. The scenario of interest is the removal of broiler mortality by autonomous robots in poultry barns in this paper. Daily manual collection of broiler mortality is time- and labor-consuming, and an autonomous robotic system can solve this issue effectively. In this paper, a multi-layer navigation system is developed to detect and remove broiler mortality with two robots. One robot is assigned to search a large-scale workspace in a coverage mode and find and locate objects, whereas the second robot directly moves to the located targets to remove the objects. Directed coverage path planning (DCPP) fused with an informative planning protocol (IPP) is proposed to efficiently search the entire workspace. IPP is proposed for coverage directions in DCPP devoted to rapidly achieving spatial coverage with the least estimation uncertainty in the decomposed grids. The detection robot consists of a developed informative-based directed coverage path planner and a You Only Look Once (YOLO) V4-based dead bird detector. It refines and optimizes the coverage path based on historical data on broiler mortality distribution in a broiler barn. The removal robot collects dead broilers driven by a new hub-based multi-target path routing (HMTR) scheme, which is applicable to row-based environments. The proposed methods show great potential to navigate in broiler barns efficiently and safely, thus being a useful component for robotics. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methods are validated through simulation and comparison studies.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis- An Overview
Authors: Garg Vivek Kumar
Published: October 2022

Both Stevens Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are main injurious cutaneous medication reactions that mostly affect the epidermis and mucus membranes. TEN and SJS affecting nearly 1 or 2/1,000,000 people per year, and can recognized as medical crises since they may be deadly. Mucocutaneous discomfort, hemorrhagic erosions, erythema, and more or less severe epidermal separation that appear as ulcer and patches of dermic loss are their defining characteristics. The sole difference between TEN and SJS at this time is the degree of skin detachment, making them two extremes of a spectrum of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs). In the majority of cases, drugs are considered as the principal reason of SJS/TEN, but herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are also recognized causes, along with lesser number of cases in which the cause is still unknown. Among the drugs with a "high" likelihood of producing TEN/SJS are carbamazepine (CBZ), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, phenytoin, aminopenicillins, allopurinol, cephalosporins, other sulfonamide antibiotics, quinolones, phenobarbital, and NSAIDs of the oxicam variety. There is strong genetic evidence for SJS and TEN in Han Chinese due to the substantial association between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B*1502) and SJS brought on by CBZ. The diagnosis is made mostly based on clinical symptoms and the histological study of a dermal biopsy. Pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid, linear IgA dermatosis, paraneoplastic pemphigus, disseminated fixed bullous drug eruption, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) are among the differential diagnoses. The management of patients with SJS/TEN is complicated by the high risk of mortality, necessitating early diagnosis, estimation of the SCORTEN prognosis, identification and discontinuation of the causative drug, specialized supportive care, and high-dose injectable Ig therapeutic interventions. The reported fatality rates for SJS are 1-5% on average and 25-35% for TEN; it can be even higher in patients who are elderly or who have a significant amount of epidermal detachment on their skin. More than 50% of TEN patients who survive the disease experience long-term consequences.
Robotic Assistance for Peg-and-Hole Alignment by Mimicking Annular Solar Eclipse Process
Authors: Huang Shouren , Murakami Kenichi , Ishikawa Masatoshi , Yamakawa Yuji ,   Data Science Division, Information Technology Center, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan,   Department of Mechanical and Biofunctional Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.,   Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan,   Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on robotic assistance for peg-and-hole alignment with micrometer-order clearance. The objective of the robotic assistance is to cooperate with a human operator based on a coarse-to-fine strategy in which the human operator conducts coarse alignment and the robotic assistance realizes fine alignment. Robotic-assisted fine alignment is achieved by mimicking the process toward annularity of an annular solar eclipse. The first principal axis of a specified image feature (we call it a eclipse feature) is calculated by subtracting the surfaces of a hole part (a small gear with an inner diameter of 1 mm) and a peg part (a shaft with a diameter of 0.95 mm). Accordingly, control strategy is developed to realize accurate alignment. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental evaluation.
Real-Time Vibration Visualization Using GPU-Based High-Speed Vision
Authors: Wang Feiyue , Hu Shaopeng , Shimasaki Kohei , Ishii Idaku ,   Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan,   Digital Monozukuri (Manufacturing) Education and Research Center, Hiroshima University 3-10-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
Published: October 2022

In this study, we developed a real-time vibration visualization system that can estimate and display vibration distributions at all frequencies in real time through parallel implementation of subpixel digital image correlation (DIC) computations with short-time Fourier transforms on a GPU-based high-speed vision platform. To help operators intuitively monitor high-speed motion, we introduced a two-step framework of high-speed video processing to obtain vibration distributions at hundreds of hertz and video conversion processing for the visualization of vibration distribution at dozens of hertz. The proposed system can estimate the full-field vibration displacements of 1920 × 1080 images in real time at 1000 fps and display their frequency responses in the range of 0–500 Hz on a computer at dozens of frames per second by accelerating phase-only DICs for full-field displacement measurement and video conversion. The effectiveness of this system for real-time vibration monitoring and visualization was demonstrated by conducting experiments on objects vibrating at dozens or hundreds of hertz.
Multiple High-Speed Vision for Identical Objects Tracking
Authors: Hirano Masahiro , Iwakuma Keigo , Yamakawa Yuji ,   Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan,   GA technologies 3-2-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6290, Japan,   Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
Published: October 2022

In multi-object tracking of identical objects, it is difficult to return to tracking after occlusions occur due to three-dimensional intersections between objects because the objects cannot be distinguished by their appearances. In this paper, we propose a method for multi-object tracking of identical objects using multiple high-speed vision systems. By using high-speed vision, we take advantage of the fact that tracking information, such as the position of each object in each camera and the presence or absence of occlusion, can be obtained with high time density. Furthermore, we perform multi-object tracking of identical objects by efficiently performing occlusion handling using geometric constraints satisfied by multiple high-speed vision systems; these can be used by appropriately positioning them with respect to the moving region of the object. Through experiments using table-tennis balls as identical objects, this study shows that stable multi-object tracking can be performed in real time, even when frequent occlusions occur.
Development of Experimental Multi-Robot System for Network Connectivity Controls
Authors: Hiasa Toki ,   National Institute of Technology, Wakayama College  77 Noshima, Nada-cho, Gobo, Wakayama 644-0023, Japan, Murayama Toru
Published: October 2022

This paper reports some results of network connectivity control experiments using a multi-robot system which we developed. Although a lot of connectivity control algorithms for a multi-robot network are proposed, almost all of them are verified only on computer simulations or using experimental robots with centralized sensors and controllers. To execute experimental verifications of connectivity control algorithms on a distributed robotic system, we developed an experimental multi-robot system. Hardware installed on the robot and information flow from sensors to actuators are detailed. Some results of measurement experiments are shown to estimate accuracy to detect a neighbor position. Then, results of connectivity control experiments using the developed multi-robot system are discussed.
International Registries
Authors: Porter Martyn , Rolfson Ola , de Steiger Richard
Published: October 2022

National-level joint arthroplasty registries were among the first large orthopaedic surgery databases and represent some of the longest-running and most influential big databases in our profession. Nordic registries were among the first registries and were followed by excellent registries in the United Kingdom and Australia. In this article, we describe each of these registries and highlight the data elements collected, the data points that can be obtained by linking the national arthroplasty registries to other national registries or databases, the completeness of data, and the strengths and weaknesses of each database. Each of these registries publishes an annual report that is available online, and each also can do more detailed analysis of certain aspects of its data for special studies.

When evaluating and interpreting data from national joint registries, the user should be aware that, despite the power of huge numbers, there remain numerous limitations to the observational data. Strong selection biases exist with regard to which patients are chosen for which procedure. Surgeons of different skill levels may use one technique or implant differentially compared with another. The end points that registries collect differ widely: for example, some report only hip dislocations leading to revision rather than all dislocations. Registries in countries in which there are long wait times for revision surgery may report artificially low revision rates compared with countries in which revision surgery is more easily accessible. Despite these limitations, registries have the merit of reporting the actual results of huge numbers of surgical procedures performed across the spectrum of hospitals, surgeons, and patients, making the data extremely powerful for identifying trends, identifying early signs of problems related to certain implants or implant classes, and identifying associations between variables that can be further studied to determine if the effect is causal.
Administrative Data Use in National Registry Efforts: Blessing or Curse?
Authors: Bedard Nicholas A. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Losina Elena , Opare-Addo Maame B. , Kopp Paul T.
Published: October 2022

“Big data” refers to a growing field of large database research. Administrative data, a subset of big data, includes information from insurance claims, electronic medical records, and registries that can be useful for investigating novel research questions. While its use provides salient advantages, potential researchers relying on big data would benefit from knowing about how these databases are coded, common errors they may encounter, and how to best use large data to address various research questions. In the first section of this paper, Dr. Nicholas A. Bedard addresses the four major pitfalls to avoid with diagnosis and procedure codes in administrative data. In the next section, Dr. Jeffrey N. Katz et al. focus on the strengths and limitations of administrative data, suggesting methods to mitigate these limitations. Lastly, Dr. Elena Losina et al. review the uses and misuses of large databases for cost-effectiveness research, detailing methods for careful economic evaluations.
Modeling Proppant Transport in Perforated Casing Based on Surface Testing
Authors: Kolle J. J. , Mueller A. C. , Baumgartner S. , Cuthill D.
Published: October 2022

The results of a series of proppant transport surface tests (PTSTs) were used in conjunction with Eulerian multiphase-computational fluid dynamics (EMP-CFD) modeling to develop an engineering model of proppant distribution. The PTSTs were carried out to evaluate proppant placement through perforated casing. In these tests, sand slurry was pumped at realistically high flow rates through perforated casing, and the distribution of sand and slurry from each perforation cluster was observed. The tests show that gravitational settling in horizontal casing, proppant slip past perforations, and the viscoelastic properties of slickwater fluids strongly affect the distribution of proppant from the heel to the toe of the completion. The EMP-CFD modeling was used to estimate the gravitational settling of sand in fully developed turbulent slurry flow in horizontal casing as a function of casing velocity. A survey of 36 calculations was carried out to generate tables of sand concentration in a cross section through the casing as a function of flow rate and particle size. A single-phase CFD analysis showed how sand exiting each perforation is taken from a limited ingestion area, which is proportional to the ratio of flow through the perforation to total flow in the casing. A detailed EMP-CFD analysis of flow through single perforations showed how sand slips past the perforation. The results of 28 EMP-CFD calculations provided slip factors as a function of particle size, casing flow velocity, and perforation flow velocity in straight and angled perforations.

The EMP-CFD settling tables and a parameterization of the slip factors were integrated into an engineering model. The model predicts the distribution of slurry and sand through each perforation based on the proppant size, perforation phase angle, and pump rate. The engineering model was used to predict the sand distributions observed in the PTSTs. The PTSTs were conducted with a range of sand sizes and with friction-reducing (FR) polymer additives, while the EMP-CFD analysis assumed water. A weight factor is introduced in the settling model to account for the increased dispersion of sand in water with FR and to match the observed sand distributions in the PTSTs. The observed slip of 100 and 40/70 mesh sand is consistent with the EMP-CFD calculations in water. The model reflects the PTST observations that fine sand is distributed relatively uniformly throughout the length of a perforated completion, while coarser sand tends to slip past the heel perforations and concentrate at the bottom toward the toe of the completion.
Comparative analysis and epidemiological study of SARS-CoV-2 in first wave among different states of India
Authors: Kaushik Rakesh , Nikita  , Lugani Yogita , Rishabh  , Gururaj K. , Lata Suman , Pandey Ishan , Singh Shoorvir
Published: October 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now spread worldwide, and various governments are attempting to control the disease's spread to overcome the global health crisis. Data from 28 Indian states and 8 Union Territories (UTs) provide a detailed look at the transmission pathways and case fatality rate (CFR) of the SARS-CoV-2. Among the global data, India was found to be the third country with the highest mortality cases of 157K, and Maharashtra was having the most higher number of mortality cases followed by Tamil Nadu and others. The percent distribution of CFR calculated in each geographical zone of India i.e. Central, Eastern, North Eastern and Northern, Southern and Western zone were 17%, 14%, 7%, 22%, 12%, and 28%, respectively. Furthermore, the CFR was calculated for every month using a standard formula. The CFR was significantly (P<0.01) higher in period II comprising April to June of the year 2020. CFR was significantly different (P<0.01) depending on the month. Moreover, CFR was compared in different zones in India, western zone showed the highest CFR as compared to other zones. The epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in patients of various ages and co-morbidities. Patients >21 years had the highest age-specific positivity rate. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 patients in acute and chronic disease was 12.87 and 87.13 percent, respectively. Thus, this analytical epidemiological study serves specifically in establishing a relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and other precipitating factors causing morbidity and mortality during the given time frame in the first wave, in the year 2020.
A Reactive Path Relinking algorithm for solving the Bi-objective p-Median and p-Dispersion problem
Authors: Lozano-Osorio Isaac , Sanchez-Oro Jesus , Lopez-Sanchez Ana D , Duarte Abraham
Published: October 2022

This paper deals with an interesting facility location problem known as the Bi-objective p -Median and p -Dispersion problem ( BpMD problem). The BpMD problem seeks to locate p facilities to service a set of n demand points and the goal is to minimize the total distance between facilities and demand points and, simultaneously, maximize the minimum distance between all pairs of hosted facilities. The problem is addressed with a novel Path Relinking approach, called Reactive Path Relinking, which hybridizes two of the most extended Path Relinking variants: Interior Path Relinking and Exterior Path Relinking. Additionally, the proposal is adapted to a multi-objective perspective for finding a good approximation of the Pareto front. Computational results prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the best procedures found in the
Childhood Maltreatment and Parental Marital Satisfaction: The Roles of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Chen Chen
Published: October 2022

Background: Although previous studies have explored the relationships between childhood maltreatment and marital satisfaction, the pathways of these two variables are still unclear, particularly in parents with preschool-aged children. The current study attempts to verify the relationships between childhood maltreatment and parental marital satisfaction, and to explore the roles of depression and anxiety in those relationships.
Methods: Data were collected from 855 parents who have preschool-aged children with questionnaires, and mediation analysis was conducted to do the data analysis.
Results: The results showed that childhood maltreatment negatively predicted with parental marital satisfaction, and depression and anxiety serially mediated those relationships. Findings suggest that childhood maltreatment not only have a direct effect on parental marital satisfaction, but also have an indirect effect on parental marital satisfaction via depression and anxiety.
Conclusions: Increasing the levels of mental health should be applied in interventions to break the relationships between childhood maltreatment and marital satisfaction under the Chinese cultural context.
Identification of sediment phosphorus release zones and its management in tropical hyper-eutrophic reservoir
Authors: Velu Sudha , Kanniperumal Ambujam Neelakantapillai
Published: October 2022

The water quality of the Krishnagiri Reservoir is deteriorating rapidly due to the release of high concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) from the bottom sediments and consequent eutrophication in the reservoir. The main aim of this experimental study was to investigate the potential release rate of phosphorus from four different zones includes Riverine- R, Transition-Shallow - T (S), Transition-Deep - T (D), and Lacustrine zone in the reservoir and to find out the efficiency of oxygen to control over the release of phosphorus from sediments. Sediment samples were collected from four different zones of Krishnagiri Reservoir and the experimental study was conducted in the laboratory. This present study has identified that the Lacustrine zone of the Krishnagiri reservoir has got the high potential to release phosphorus (125.5 mg m-2 d-1). In addition the study found that the supply of oxygen to the sediments collected from the Transition-D zone during the summer season showed a significant control over phosphorus release and enhanced the sedimentation rate of phosphorus up to -2.4 mg m-2 d-1. This site-specific experimental study has identified that oxygen can efficiently manage the release of phosphorus from bottom sediment. Hence, aeration is potentially a promising method for the reduction of phosphorus release from the bottom sediments and better management of hyper-eutrophic condition in the Krishnagiri Reservoir.
Analysis of the characteristics of major pollutants discharged from wastewater in China’s provinces
Authors: Liu Panliang , Liu Hao , Wang Jinxiang , Chang Guohua
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the discharge of major pollutants in China's wastewater has shown a downward trend, but it is still at a high level. Based on data collected from 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 (except 2018), the entropy method was used to evaluate and analyze the discharge of major pollutants in wastewater in China's provinces. The results showed that the emission of COD, ammonia nitrogen (NH3), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) decreased by 27.57%, 79.87%, 59.27% and 61.25%, respectively, due to the environmental protection plan of the “12th” and “13th Five-Year Plan”. In terms of regional emission differences, the Northwest region was the lowest compared with other regions, accounting for 4.02%-6.92% of the national pollutant emissions, and the Central China region was the highest, accounting for 20.52%-27.06% of the national pollutant emissions. The average value of pollutant emissions per unit of GDP was decreasing year by year on the whole, but Guangxi and Tibet show a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. Correlation analysis shows that TN and TP were significantly different at the 0.01 level, and TN and TP were the main pollutants in the provincial wastewater discharge in China. Through clustering and MDS analysis, Beijing and Shanghai have been performing quite well in controlling water pollution discharges, while the two provinces of Tibet and Guangxi need to continue their efforts in water pollution control.
A Collaborative Robotic Platform for Sensor-Aware Fibula Osteotomies in Mandibular Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Hu Junlei , Liu Jiannan , Guo Yan , Cao Zhenggang , Chen Xiaojun , Zhang Chenping
Published: October 2022

Fibula osteotomy needs to be performed precisely and safely in mandibular reconstruction with free fibula flap (FFF). However, current clinical methods, such as template-guided osteotomy, have potential for damage to fibular vessels. To address the challenge, this paper introduces the development of the surgical robot for fibula osteotomies in mandibular reconstruction surgery and propose an algorithm for sensor-aware hybrid force-motion control for safe osteotomy, which includes three parts: osteotomy motion modeling from surgeons’ demonstrations, Dynamic-system-based admittance control and osteotomy sawed-through detection. As a result, the average linear variation of the osteotomized segments was 1.08 ± 0.41 mm, and the average angular variation was 1.32 ± 0.65◦ . The threshold of osteotomy sawed-through detection is 0.5 at which the average offset is 0.5mm. In conclusion, with the assistance of surgical robot for mandibular reconstruction, surgeons can perform fibula osteotomy precisely and safely.
Deformation Measurement and Simulation of Ti-6Al-4V Blades Induced by Shot Peening Process
Authors: Xu Kunhao , Wang Jingchen , Gao Yukui , Yang Fan , Pan yongdong
Published: October 2022

The shape and deformation of the blades play important roles in the aerodynamic performance of aeroengines, which results from the plastic deformation and the residual stresses after complex manufacturing processes, especially the shot peening. However, few studies were focused on the detailed strategies of the shot peening on the complex profile and the superposition effects of residual stresses during the entire manufacturing processes. In this paper, based on the concept of eigenstrains, we investigated the effect of shot peening on the residual stress and deformation of the blade by combining the experimental measurement and the local-global simulation. The results show that the initial residual stresses induced by the previous milling process could be neglected. After the shot peening, the blade has the largest deformation amount if considering the initial residual stresses during milling with large scale material removal, when compared with no initial residual stresses and initial residual stresses after dynamic milling of blades. Furthermore, the In-out sequence of shot peening results in the smallest deformation, and the pre-deformation of the blade can effectively offset this deformation. Finally, the shot peening strength should not be too high in practical blade manufacturing when the thickness is too thin, which may be a great threat to the reliability and safety of blades.
Mendelian randomization study updates the effect of hypertension on the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Chen Qing , He Jian , Yang Shuting , lian lili , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhang Shuwen , Le Zhenmin , Huang Binge , Zheng Qinxiang , Ye Cong , Ren Yueping
Published: October 2022

Objectives:To investigate the causal association between hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods:The hypertension-associated genome-wide association study (GWAS) was from UK biobank (UKB), involving 463010 participants. The GWAS of POAG is obtained from FinnGene project involving 4433 cases and 210201 controls. All participants were of European ancestry. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method to estimate the causality of hypertension on POAG. Meanwhile, MR Egger, weighted median, Weighted Median estimation, calculation of Cochran Q statistics, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test and leave-one-out analysis were performed to verify the efficiency and consistency of the results.Results:A total of 57 hypertension related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were strongly associated with POAG after excluding potential confounders (old age, diabetes, myopia) and harmonizing the variants. IVW results showed that the incidence of POAG in patients with hypertension was 5.372 times higher than that in the control group (OR: 6.372, 95% CI: 1.824-22.262, P = 0.004). The results of Weighted median (OR: 9.707, P = 0.017), Maximum likelihood (OR: 6.642, P = 0.003), Penalised weighted median (OR: 9.696, P = 0.013) verified the casual association between hypertension and POAG. And the results of heterogeneity analysis, egger intercept and MR-PRESSO global test further confirmed the reliability of the findings.Conclusions:A causal association was suggested between genetically increased hypertension and higher risk of POAG. Long-term cohort studies are expected to verify the impact of hypertension on POAG.
The alga Bracteacoccus bullatus (Chlorophyceae) isolated from snow, as a source of oil comprising essential unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids
Authors: Lukavský J. , Kopecký J. , Kubáč D. , Kvíderová J. , Procházková L. , Řezanka T.
Published: October 2022

A unicellular alga isolated from snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (Spain) was characterised using a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of ITS2 rDNA secondary structures identified the new culture (CCALA 1120 Cepák and Lukavský 2011/13) as being conspecific with Bracteacoccus bullatus (Chlorophyceae). For the first time this study documented sexual reproduction as the pairing of zoospores and also an-isogamy. Authentic strain SAG 2032. CCALA 1120 had a temperature optimum of about 21°C and an irradiance optimum above 160 µmol m− 2 s− 1. It was cultivated in pilot-plant scale over three winter-to-spring periods from 2016 to 2019, using an open thin-layer photobioreactor in a greenhouse with only partial temperature control. After harvest, a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was found (53% of dry mass) with linoleic (18:2ω-6) 18.3% and α-linolenic acids (18:3ω-3) 17.4% being the most abundant. Monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for about 30% with oleic (18:1ω-9) and vaccenic acids (18:1 ω-7) as the most prominent. The ratio of PUFA ω-6/ω-3 was 1:1.16, i.e. near to the ideal ratio of 1:1, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Biomass production was 2.67 g m–2 d− 1 of dry weight, i.e. 0.2 g L− 1 d− 1. At the end of growth phase, total carotenoids made up 10.1 mg L− 1. These results indicate that B. bullatus is suitable for production of a vegetable oil at lower temperatures (12–18°C) and comprising a high content of unsaturated fatty acids.
Development and validation of a nomogram to estimate future risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults with metabolic syndrome: prospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Tongyue , Wang Jiao , Wu Lina , Guo Feng , Huang Fengjuan , Song Yi , Jing Na , Pan Mengxing , Ding Xiaoxu , Cao Zhe , Liu Shiyu , Qin Guijun , Zhao Yanyan
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To develop and validate the 4-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults with metabolic syndrome.
Design: Retrospective cohort study of a large multicenter cohort with broad validation.
Settings: The derivation cohort was from 32 sites in China and the geographic validation cohort was from Henan population-based cohort study.
Results: 568(17.63%) and 53(18.67%) participants diagnosed diabetes during 4-year follow- up in the developing and validation cohort, separately. Age, gender, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and alanine aminotransferase were included in the final model. The area under curve for the training and external validation cohort was 0.824(95%CI, 0.759-0.889) and 0.732(95%CI, 0.594-0.871), respectively. Both the internal and external validation have good calibration plot. A nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of diabetes during 4-year follow-up, and on online calculator is also available for a more convenient usage (https://lucky0708.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/).
Conclusion: We developed a simple diagnostic model to predict 4-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults with metabolic syndrome, which is also available as web-based tools (https://lucky0708.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/).
The Importance of Psychosociological Variables in Frailty Syndrome: A Study on Heart Failure Patients Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Pasieczna Aleksandra , Szczepanowski Remigiusz , Sobecki Janusz , Katarzyniak Radosław , Uchmanowicz Izabella , Gobbens Robbert J.J. , Kahsin Aleksander , Dixit Anant
Published: October 2022

Prevention and diagnosis of frailty syndrome (FS) in cardiac patients require innovative systems supporting medical personnel and patient adherence and self-care behavior. Modern medicine uses artificial intelligence (AI) to study the psychosocial domains of frailty in cardiac patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to determine the absolute and relative diagnostic importance of individual components of the Tilburg frailty Indicator (TFI) syndrome questionnaire in patients with HF. An exploratory analysis was performed using machine learning algorithms and permutation method to determine the absolute importance of frailty components in HF. Based on the TFI data, which contains physical and psychosocial components, machine learning models were built based on three algorithms: a decision tree, a random decision forest, and the AdaBoost Models classifier. The absolute weights were used to make pairwise comparisons between the variables and obtain relative diagnostic importance. The analysis of HF patients’ responses showed that the psychological variable TFI20 diagnosing mood was more diagnostically important than the variables from the physical domain: lack of strength in the hands and physical fatigue. The psychological variable TFI21 linked with agitation and irritability was diagnostically more important than all three physical variables considered: difficulty walking, lack of strength in the hands and physical fatigue. In the case of the two remaining variables from the psychological domain (TFI19, TFI22), and for all variables from the social domain, the obtained results do not allow for the rejection of the null hypothesis. Our study justified the AI based approach for developing and improving existing frailty measurements in patients with HF. In long-term perspective, the AI based frailty approach can support healthcare professionals, including psychologists and social workers in drawing their attention to non-physical origins of HF.
Identifying and validating a minimum panel of important features for allergic diseases by machine-learning and deep-learning algorithms in school children aged 6-14 years
Authors: Wang Qiong , Pang Bo , Zhang Xiaoqian , Xue Mei , Zhang Yicheng , Deng Xiangling , Zhang Zhixin , Niu Wenquan
Published: October 2022

Objectives: We aimed to identify and validate a minimum panel of important features for allergic diseases by machine-learning and deep-learning algorithms in school children aged 6-14 years.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey in 8 primary schools and 16 middle schools using a clustering sample strategy. Features were gleaned by questionnaires. Machine/deep learning algorithms were implemented using the IDE PyCharm and Python (v3.7.6).
Results: Of 11308 eligible children, 4375 had allergic diseases. The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema was 6.31% (713/11308), 25.36% (2868/11308) and 21.38% (2418/11308), respectively. Out of 12 machine-learning algorithms, Gaussian naive Bayes (NB) was the optimal for asthma, Bernoulli NB for rhinitis and multinomial NB for eczema. By comparison, a minimum panel of six, five and five important features was ascertained for asthma (episodes of upper and lower respiratory infection, age, gender, family history of diabetes and dental caries), rhinitis (episodes of upper respiratory infection, age, gender, maternal education and family history of diabetes) and eczema (episodes of upper respiratory infection, age, maternal education, outdoor activities and dental caries), respectively. The prediction performance of these features was further validated by deep-learning sequential model, with accuracy reaching 94.01%, 75.51% and 78.29% for asthma, rhinitis and eczema, respectively.
Conclusions: We identified three minimum panels of important features that can capture the majority of information in the whole set and accurately predict the risk of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children aged 6-14 years of age.
Preliminary analysis of H3K4me3 in the gonads during gonadal differentiation in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Lijuan , Zou Yuxia , Li Ze , Wu Zhihao , Zou Congcong , Shu Chang , Wang Wenxiang , Liang Shaoshuai , You Feng
Published: October 2022

Histone methylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications. However, there are few studies on its role in fish gonadal differentiation. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of H3K4me3 and the expression of modifying- and de-modifying enzymes in the gonads of the juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus during the gonadal differentiation process. Histological analysis showed that phenotypic female or male flounder were obtained by treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) or testosterone (T), respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) results presented that the expression of kmt2b at 2 and 6 cm total length (TL) was higher in the T group than in the E2 group. The expression of kdm5a and kdm5c was higher in the E2 group at 10 cm TL. The results of in situ hybridization (ISH) indicated that kmt2b was mainly distributed in oocytes of the ovary at 10 cm TL. Western blot analysis showed that, H3K4me3 levels were higher in the T group than in the E2 group at 2 and 6 cm TL. As shown with Immunohistochemistry analysis, H3K4me3 was mainly located in oocytes in the ovaries. The signal in spermatogonia was weak in the testes at 10 cm TL. After incubation with an H3K4 methylase inhibitor (5’-deoxy-5’-methylthioadenosine, MTA), the levels of H3K4me3 in the gonads were significantly decreased. The qPCR results indicated that in the MTA group, the expression of sox9a and dmrt1 was significantly decreased in the testis. These results provide the basic data that H3K4me3 may be involved in fish gonadal differentiation.
Green synthesis of ferrocenyl chalcones against triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Tang Wenqiang , Gao Yanrong , Tong Hongjuan , Xu Xiaona , Zhu Zhoujing , Liu Bin , Liu Bin
Published: October 2022

Without using any solvents, a green and highly efficient protocol for the preparation of ferrocenyl chalcones has been achieved by grinding between acetylferrocene and aldehyde. In addition, their in vitro antiproliferative activity against two breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (estrogen receptor-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (triple negative breast cancer, TNBC) was also evaluated. Most of them exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study indicated that the aldehydes unit of ferrocenyl chalcones with halogens or dimethyl substitutions were favorable for anti-TNBC activity. Among them, compound 1d exhibited the best anti-tumor effect on MDA-MB-231 cells.
WITHDRAWN: Isonicotinoylhydrazonobutanoic acidderivatives as anti-tubercular agents: In-silico studies, synthesis, spectral characterization and biological evaluation.
Authors: Lone Mehak Saba , Mubarak Mohamad Mosa , Nabi Syed Ayaz , Wani Farhat Ramzan , Amin Shaista , Nabi Sayima , Kantroo Hadiya yousuf , Ahmad Shamim , Shafi Syed , Rizvi Syed Ovais , Shamim M. , Ahmad Zahoor , Javed Kalim
Published: October 2022

A series of novel 4-(2-isonicotinoylhydrazono) butanoic acid derivatives (3a-n) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for anti-tubercular activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and Mass Spectroscopic analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-mycobacterial activity against avirulent (H37Ra), virulent (H37Rv) as well as INH-Resistant strains that showed good to moderate activity. The MIC and MBC values observed were found identical for both H37Ra and H37Rv. 3a, 3c, 3e and 3i were found as the most potent in the series with a MIC and MBC = 1µg/ml. The compounds showed moderate activity against the INH-resistant clinical isolates as well. The potent compounds 3a, 3c and 3i showed least cytotoxicity towards normal human cell lines (HEK-293, AML12 and RAW-264). Molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds performed with the protein target M. tuberculosis InhA in complex with NADH (PDB ID: 4DRE) revealed that compound 3c showed the best dock score of -7.798. The compound 3c forms two hydrogen bonds with Valine (VAL 65) and Serine (SER 20) whereas INH forms two hydrogen bonds with Valine (VAL 65) and Glycine (GLY 96). Both the benzene ring and pyridine ring of the compound 3c displayed the π-π interactions with Phenylalanine (PHE 41). Physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiling assessed for the synthesized compounds were found to follow Lipinski’s rule using Swiss ADME online prediction tools. These findings make them promising candidates for the future development of new anti-tubercular agents.
From RGB camera to Hyperspectral imaging: a breakthrough in Neolithic Rock Painting analysis
Authors: Schmitt Bernard , Souidi Zahira , Duquesnoy Frédérique , Donzé Frédéric-Victor
Published: October 2022

Rock paintings undergo physical, chemical, biological and/or anthropic alterations that alter their visibility. Cameras and image enhancement tools (DStretch® plug-in) are commonly used to help identify and record images that have become invisible to the naked eye. HyperSpectral imaging (HSI) which is strongly developing in many research and application fields, is tested in this study to analyze Neolithic rock paintings. We particularly address the question of what kind of additional information can Visible Near InfraRed HSI instruments, coupled to mathematical transformations to reduce the dimensionality of the data, bring for rock paintings, compared to standard RGB cameras. From the analysis of a selection of panels painted on yellow-reddish altered sandstone walls and measured in Saharan shaded shelters we show that HSI can reveal new images by capitalizing both on its ability to extract the different pigment types with a greater contrast and on the new discriminating information contained in the very near infrared part of the spectrum. Despite their much smaller image format, HSI can provide up to 5–7 contrasted images of the spatial distribution of the different types of pigments in the figures. It thus appears to be a promising non-invasive and efficient methodology to both reveal disappeared paintings and to study image juxtapositions and painted layer superimpositions.
Automatic transparency evaluation for open knowledge extraction systems
Authors: Basereh Maryam , Caputo Annalina , Brennan Rob
Published: October 2022

Background: In this paper a new transparency evaluation framework, Cyrus, is proposed for Open Knowledge Extraction (OKE) systems. Cyrus is based on the state-of-the-art AI and data transparency methods and a well-accepted framework for linked data quality evaluation. Then, the transparency of the outputs of three state-of-the-art OKE systems are automatically evaluated using a combination of three state-of-the-art FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) tools and the Luzzu linked data quality evaluation framework.
OKE systems extract structured knowledge from unstructured or semi-structured text and publish that as linked data. These systems can be used as the fundamental component of advanced knowledge services. However, due to the transition from rule-based to black-box machine learning approaches, most OKE systems are not transparent. This means that their processes and outcomes are not understandable and interpretable for humans. As a result, the transparency problem has been identified as critical by European Union Trustworthy AI guidelines. Automatic transparency evaluation helps with scalability and gives a transparency score that allows comparing different systems' transparencies. It also gives insight into the transparency weaknesses of the system and how to enhance the transparency of the system. Accordingly, being able to evaluate the transparency can be the first step of an effective transparency enhancement process.
Results: In Cyrus, data transparency includes 27 dimensions which are grouped in two categories. In this paper, Six of these dimensions, i.e., provenance, interpretability, understandability, licensing, availability, interlinking have been evaluated automatically for three state-of-the-art OKE systems, using the state-of-the-art metrics and tools. The highest mean transparency has been approx. 31\%.
Conclusions: This is the first research to study automated transparency evaluation for OKE systems. We show that state-of-the-art FAIR assessment tools and linked data quality evaluation techniques are capable of identifying some transparency weaknesses of OKE systems.\end{abstract}
Risk factors of intraocular hypertension after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in normal eyes
Authors: Wang Yong , Qin Liang , Li Ling , Wang Binyin , Ortega-Usobiaga Julio
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for high intraocular pressure (IOP) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (PEI).
Setting: Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital, China.
Design: Retrospective case series.
Methods: The medical recordsof consecutive patients who underwent uneventful PEI from December 1, 2020, to April 1, 2021, by the same surgeon were reviewed.
Results:A total of 548 eyes of 416 patients were analyzed. The younger the age, the longer the axial length (AXL)and the larger the CDE; patients with diabetes were more likely to have high IOP after the surgery.For every 0.1-mm increase in the AXL, the likelihood of a 5-mm Hg increase in early postoperative IOP increased 1.167-fold and that of a 10-mm Hg increase in IOP increased 1.227-fold. The IOP increased by 0.1 mmHg for each 0.1 increase in CDE(P<0.001).
Conclusions: Age is an independent protective factor for early high IOP after PEI. High myopia, anterior chamber distance >4 mm, diabetes mellitus, and high CDE are risk factors for postoperative high IOP. AL and CDE could predict the peak IOP of 5 mm Hg and 10 mm Hg after the surgery.
Association between Striatal/Pancreatic Dopaminergic Ratio and Glycated Hemoglobin
Authors: Nazerani-Zemann Tina , Kalmar Peter , Gstettner Christian , Pernthaler Birgit , Schwantzer Gerold , Aigner Reingard M
Published: October 2022

Context: 18F-FDOPA-based PET/CT imaging is used routinely in the management of various pancreatic diseases. It enters β-cells via the neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1/4F2hc). In patients with diabetes, an increase in blood glucose levels leads to a decrease in LAT1 expression. There is great interest in finding an association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and pancreatic dopaminergic activity.
Objective, Patients and Design: This study investigates the in vivo association between pancreatic dopaminergic activity and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. For this purpose, we defined the mean Striatal/Pancreatic Dopaminergic Ratio (SPDRmean) and conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent 18F-FDOPA-PET/CT of the head and body trunk from 01/01/2010 to 01/31/2021. HbA1c level at examination date was obtained. Pancreatic SUVmean, striatal SUVmean and pancreatic volume were computed. SPDRmean was calculated to correct for interpatient variability. Diabetic and non-diabetic patient groups were compared. In a linear regression model we determined the relationship between SPDRmean and HbA1c adjusted for age and sex.
Results: We included 76 patients: 22 diabetics (29%), and 54 non-diabetics (71%). Between the diabetic and non-diabetic group there was a significant difference in age (p=0.006), pancreatic SUVmean (p =0.001) and SPDRmean (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in sex, striatal SUVmean, and pancreatic volume. For each SPDRmean unit increment HbA1c increases by 11.78 mmol/mol (95.0% CI 4.46-19.08).
Conclusions: SPDRmean is highly associated with HbA1c in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.