bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The invasion of a free-floating planet and the number asymmetry of Jupiter Trojans
Authors: Li Jian , Xia Zhihong Jeff , Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Yoshida Fumi
Published: April 2023

Context. This paper extends our previous study of the early evolution of Jupiter and its two Trojan swarms by introducing the possible perturbations of a free-floating planet (FFP) invading the Solar System.

Aims. In the framework of the invasion of a FFP, we aim to provide some new scenarios to explain the number asymmetry of the L4 and L5 Jupiter Trojans, as well as some other observed features (e.g. the resonant amplitude distribution).

Methods. We investigate two different cases: (i) the indirect case, where Jupiter experiences a scattering encounter with the FFP and jumps outwards at a speed that is sufficiently high to make the L4 point temporarily disappear, resulting in a change in the numbers of the L4 (N4) and L5 (N5) Trojan swarms; (ii) the direct case, in which the FFP traverses the L5 region and affects the stability of the local Trojans.

Results. In the indirect case, the outward migration of Jupiter can be fast enough to make the L4 islands disappear temporarily, inducing an increase in the resonant amplitude of local Trojans. After the migration is over, the L4 Trojans come back to the reappeared and enlarged islands. As for the L5 islands, they always exist but expand even more considerably. Since the L4 swarm suffers less excitation in the resonant amplitude than the L5 swarm, more L4 Trojans are stable and could survive to the end. In the direct case, the FFP could deplete a considerable fraction of the L5 Trojans, while the L4 Trojans at large distances are not affected and all of them could survive.

Conclusions. Both the indirect and direct cases could result in a number ratio of R45 = N4/N5 ~ 1.6 that can potentially explain the current observations. The latter has the advantage of producing the observed resonant amplitude distribution. To achieve these results, we propose that the FFP should have a mass of at least of a few tens of Earth masses and its orbital inclination should be allowed to be as high as 40°.
The Snowmass UHECR White Paper on Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays
Authors: Schroeder Frank G. , Coleman Alan , Eser Johannes , Mayotte Eric , Sarazin Fred , Soldin Dennis , Venters Tonia M.
Published: April 2023

This proceeding summarizes the talk given at the opening of the UHECR 2022 conference in L’Aquila on the whitepaper ‘Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays: The Intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers’ [Astroparticle Physics 149 (2023) 102819 - arXiv:2205.05845] that has been prepared for the Snowmass survey in the USA. The whitepaper provides an overview of recent progress and open questions regarding the particle physics and astrophysics related to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) and outlines the connections between the particle and astrophysics aspects of cosmic rays. It also discusses what instrumentation is needed to address the major scientific questions in ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray physics. While the upgraded Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array will remain the workhorses at the highest energies in the current decade, new experiments with significantly higher exposure are needed in the coming decade. Ground arrays featuring simultaneous detection of the position of the shower maximum and the size of the muonic component will enable particle astronomy by measuring the rigidity of individual events. They should be complemented by other detectors maximizing the total exposure. This can be achieved by a few next-generation experiments using the latest developments in detection and analysis techniques: GRAND as a ground-based radio array, and POEMMA as a space-borne stereo fluorescence telescope will feature complementary approaches to provide maximum exposure; IceCube-Gen2 with its surface array, and GCOS aim at increased statistics with high accuracy for particle physics and rigidity-based galactic and extra-galactic astrophysics. While designed to discover the astrophysical cosmic-ray sources at the highest energies, the same experiments also contribute to particle physics, e.g., by studying the muon puzzle in cosmic-ray air showers, and by their discovery potential for exciting new physics, such as certain Dark Matter candidates. With the full whitepaper available as a reference, this proceeding will briefly present the science cases of the experiments, highlighting their individual strengths and outlining how they complement each other.
Results from high energy direct measurements and future prospects
Authors: Adriani Oscar , Pacini Lorenzo
Published: April 2023

In this contribution a review of the recent results from high energy cosmic ray measurements, in the ’above TeV’ energy regions, will be presented. The future experiments that will be realised to significantly improve the current measurements, aiming to explore the PeV region with direct measurements, will also be described.
The energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 6 PeV as measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Authors: Luce Quentin
Published: April 2023

Since 2004, the Pierre Auger Collaboration has measured, with unprecedented precision, one of the most important features of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, the energy spectrum. Located in the Southern hemisphere, the Observatory comprises an array of 1660 water-Cherenkov detectors covering 3000 km² overlooked by 27 fluorescence telescopes. Five sets of measurements have been used to reconstruct the spectrum from 6 PeV to beyond 100 EeV. The highest-energy events, recorded by surface detectors on a 1500 m triangular grid, are reconstructed differently depending on their inclination (vertical events below 60° and inclined ones above 60°). A cross-check of these measurements is made using ‘hybrid events’, in which there are simultaneous detections at both the fluorescence detectors and at least one surface detector. Events with energies below 3 EeV have been studied using a nested array with a spacing of 750 m and using the Cherenkov light recorded with three high-elevation telescopes. In this contribution, updated methods for the reconstruction of all events are discussed, together with their associated uncertainties. A combination of all data sets is reported to construct a spectrum above 6 PeV to the highest energies. A detailed discussion of the spectral features will be presented.
Magnetic fields and UHECR propagation
Authors: Ferrière Katia
Published: April 2023

I review the main observational tools used to detect and measure magnetic fields in the interstellar medium of our Galaxy (considering both the Galactic disk and the Galactic halo), in the interstellar medium of external galaxies, and in the extragalactic medium. In each case, I present a summary of the most important results obtained with the different tools, trying to lay the emphasis on the magnetic field properties that are relevant to the propagation of ultra-high–energy cosmic rays (UHECRs).
UHECR anisotropy and extragalactic magnetic fields with the Telescope Array
Authors: Kuznetsov Mikhail , Tinyakov Peter
Published: April 2023

We study the energy-dependent distribution of ultra-high energy cosmic ray arrival directions with respect to luminous matter in the local Universe. We use a specially designed test statistic (TS) that is robust to uncertainties of the galactic magnetic field. We generate realistic mock UHECR sets assuming various injected compositions, and different strengths of the extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). Applying the TS to both mock sets and the Telescope Array Surface Detector data we constrain, for a given EGMF strength, the UHECR injected mass composition at energies above 10 EeV. At highest energies, higher than 100 EeV, only heavy composition — iron or at least silicon — is compatible with the data, irrespective of the EGMF strength. We then compare the obtained results with the direct Telescope Array fluorescence measurements of the UHECR mass composition. Requiring that the TA composition measurements are compatible with the arrival direction distribution allows us to constrain the parameters of the EGMF. It appears that light composition, measured by TA at around 10 EeV, is compatible with the arrival directions if the EGMF has strength of order 1 nG.
Searching for neutral particles at the highest energies at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Authors: Niechciol Marcus
Published: April 2023

The Pierre Auger Observatory, being the largest air-shower experiment in the world, offers an unprecedented exposure to neutral particles at the highest energies. Since the beginning of data collection more than 18 years ago, several searches for ultra-high-energy (UHE,E> 1017eV) photons and neutrinos have been performed. The upper limits on the diffuse flux of UHE photons and neutrinos derived from Auger data are among the most stringent in the world, severely constraining models for the origin of UHE cosmic rays. In addition, the Pierre Auger Observatory contributes to current efforts in multimessenger astronomy through follow-up searches for UHE photons and neutrinos in association with transient events, such as gravitational wave events. The various activities concerning searches for UHE photons and neutrinos in the data from the Pierre Auger Observatory are presented and the current results are summarized. In addition, future perspectives will be discussed.
Searches for Lorentz Invariance Violation at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Authors: Trimarelli Caterina
Published: April 2023

Lorentz Invariance (LI) requires the space-time structure to be the same for all observers, but various quantum gravity theories suggest that it may be violated when approaching the Planck scale. Even a small violation of LI could easily affect the Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECRs) propagation on a cosmological scale. Moreover, at the extreme energies, like those available in the collisions of UHECRs in the atmosphere, one should also expect a change in the development of Extensive Air-Showers (EAS). In this contribution, Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) has been introduced as a perturbation term in the single particle dispersion relation considering a phenomenological approach. As a result, the kinematics of the interactions in both the extragalactic propagation and in the shower development in the atmosphere is affected. The comparison between the model predictions and the data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory are considered to constrain the LIV scenarios. The impact of LIV has been tested considering the measured energy spectrum and the composition and the resulting upper limits on the photon flux. Finally, the effects on the shower cascade in the atmosphere are studied considering the muon content distribution.
Reconstruction of the muon production longitudinal profiles in extensive air showers
Authors: Kravka Antonín , Santos Eva , Stadelmaier Maximilian , Yushkov Alexey
Published: April 2023

Muons produced in extensive air showers have large decay lengths and small radiative energy losses, enabling a large fraction of them to reach surface and underground detector arrays while keeping relevant information about the hadronic interactions that occurred high in the atmosphere. We can relate a muon’s arrival time and position at the detector to its production depth in the atmosphere. The total delay of muons with respect to the shower plane is primarily due to their geometric path and energy, we call these contributions the geometric and kinematic delays, respectively. We are working on the improvement of the current kinematic delay parameterizations using Deep Neural Networks for muons arriving at surface and underground detector arrays. We aim to reconstruct the longitudinal profile of muons for future arrays of buried scintillator detectors at energies from around the second knee to the ankle of the cosmic ray spectrum, where there is an overlap with the nominal energies at the LHC. Given the low acceptance of scintillator detectors to inclined air showers and the richness of the forward physics near the shower core, we aim at applying a radial cut of 200 m instead of the usual 1000 m used in previous works.
Terzina on board NUSES: A pathfinder for EAS Cherenkov Light Detection from space
Authors: Burmistrov Leonid ,   for the NUSES Collaboration
Published: April 2023

In this paper we introduce the Terzina telescope as a part of the NUSES space mission. This telescope aims to detect Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) through the Cherenkov light emission from the extensive air showers (EAS) that they create in the Earth’s atmosphere. The Cherenkov photons are aligned along the shower axis inside about ∼ 0.2 − 1°, so that they become detectable by Terzina when it points towards the Earth’s limb. A sun-synchronous orbit will allow the telescope to observe only the night side of the Earth’s atmosphere. In this contribution, we focus on the description of the telescope detection goals, geometry, optical design and its photon detection camera composed of Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs). Moreover, we describe the full Monte Carlo simulation chain developed to estimate Terzina’s performance for UHECR detection. The estimate of the radiation damage and light background rates, the readout electronics and trigger logic are briefly described. Terzina will be able to study the potential for future physics missions devoted to UHECR detection and to UHE neutrino astronomy. It is a pathfinder for missions like POEMMA or future constellations of similar satellites to NUSES.
Implications of Mini-EUSO measurements for a space-based observation of UHECRs
Authors: Bertaina Mario Edoardo , Barghini Dario , Battisti Matteo , Belov Alexander , Bianciotto Marta , Bisconti Francesca , Blaksley Carl , Blin Sylvie , Bolmgren Karl , Cambiè Giorgio , Capel Francesca , Casolino Marco , Churilo Igor , Crisconio Marino , De La Taille Christophe , Ebisuzaki Toshikazu , Eser Johannes , Fenu Francesco , Filippatos George , Franceschi Massimo Alberto , Fuglesang Christer , Golzio Alessio , Gorodetzky Philippe , Kajino Fumiyoshi , Kasuga Hiroshi , Klimov Pavel , Kungel Viktoria , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Manfrin Massimiliano , Marcelli Laura , Mascetti Gabriele , Marszał Włodzimierz , Mignone Marco , Miyamoto Hiroko , Murashov Alexey , Napolitano Tommaso , Ohmori Hitoshi , Olinto Angela , Parizot Etienne , Picozza Piergiorgio , Piotrowski Lech Wiktor , Plebaniak Zbigniew , Prévôt Guillaume , Reali Enzo , Ricci Marco , Romoli Giulia , Sakaki Naoto , Sharakin Sergei , Shinozaki Kenji , Szabelski Jacek , Takizawa Yoshiyuki , Valentini Giovanni , Vrabel Michal , Wiencke Lawrence , Zotov Mikhail
Published: April 2023

Mini-EUSO is the first mission of the JEM-EUSO program on board the International Space Station. It was launched in 2019 and it is currently located in the Russian section (Zvezda module) of the station and viewing our planet from a nadir-facing UV-transparent window. The instrument is based on the concept of the original JEM-EUSO mission and consists of an optical system employing two Fresnel lenses and a focal surface composed of 36 Multi-Anode Photomultiplier tubes, 64 channels each, for a total of 2304 channels with single photon counting sensitivity and an overall field of view of 44° × 44°. Mini-EUSO can map the night-time Earth in the near UV range (predominantly between 290 nm and 430 nm), with a spatial resolution of about 6.3 km and different temporal resolutions of 2.5 µ, 320 µs and 41 ms. Mini-EUSO observations are extremely important to better assess the potential of a space-based detector in studying Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) such as K-EUSO and POEMMA. In this contribution we focus the attention on UV measurements, the observation of clouds and of certain categories of events that Mini-EUSO triggers with the shortest temporal resolution. We place them in the context of UHECR observations from space, namely the estimation of exposure and sensitivity to Extensive Air Showers.
Modeling Neutrino and Background Signals for the Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO) Experiment
Authors: Cummings Austin , Krizmanic John , Wissel Stephanie
Published: April 2023

In the current age of multi-messenger astrophysics, Very High Energy (VHE) cosmic neutrinos (E > 1 PeV) represent a unique observation window into the most extreme astrophysical events in the universe. Measurements of the neutrino flux in this high energy regime provide information regarding the distribution and composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR), details of source acceleration mechanics, and definitive tests of physics beyond the standard model. Observations in multiple different detection channels (e.g. optical, radio, direct particle counting) are being explored to extend the sensitivity to neutrinos above PeV energies.

The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO) is a long duration balloon experiment that builds on the successes of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment to probe the cosmic neutrino flux above EeV energies. PUEO, like ANITA, seeks to measure coherent radio emission in the form of Askaryan emission from in-ice neutrino interactions and both geomagnetic and Askaryan emission from Extensive Air Showers (EAS) produced by the decays of Earth-emergent τ-leptons sourced from τ neutrinos.

To evaluate the sensitivity of PUEO (and other detectors) to a given flux of neutrinos, it is necessary to accurately model i) the propagation of neutrinos through the Earth ii) the emission generated from the neutrino-sourced particle shower iii) the detector performance to a generated signal and iv) relevant backgrounds. Numerous software frameworks exist to model these different mechanisms independently, but often require significant work to use together.

ν SpaceSim is an open source, end-to-end neutrino simulation package that models these described mechanisms for an arbitrary detector geometry in both the optical and radio emission channels. For a given experimental design,ν SpaceSim is designed to model the sensitivity to both the cosmogenic neutrino flux and to astrophysical neutrino transient events. The highly modular design of ν SpaceSim allows for comparison and exploration of different physics models within the same code base.

In this contribution, we detail the state of the ν SpaceSim code as it pertains to modeling the sensitivity of the PUEO experiment, and highlight the mechanisms necessary to perform this calculation. We also describe the near-term improvements to the radio emission calculation in ν SpaceSim and the modeling of the most relevant backgrounds for PUEO: the direct (above-the-limb) cosmic rays, and the indirect (ice-reflected) cosmic ray signals.
Design and realization of a miniaturized high resolution computed tomography imaging spectrometer
Authors: Amann Simon , Haist Tobias , Gatto Alexander , Kamm Markus , Herkommer Alois
Published: April 2023

The computed tomography imaging spectrometer (CTIS) is a relatively unknown snapshot hyperspectral camera. It utilizes computational imaging approaches to gain the hyperspectral image from a spatio-spectral smeared sensor image. We present a strongly miniaturized system with a dimension of only 36 × 40.5 × 52.8 mm and a diagonal field of view of 29°. We achieve this using a Galilean beam expander and a combination of off-the-shelf lenses, a highly aspherical imaging system from a commercial smartphone, and a 13 MP monochrome smartphone image sensor. The reconstructed hyperspectral image has a spatial resolution of 400 × 300 pixel with 39 spectral channels.
Development of bio-inspired multi-functional polymeric-based fibers (BioFiber) for advanced delivery of bacterial-based self-healing agent in concrete
Authors: Khaneghahi Mohammad Houshmand , Kamireddi Divya , Rahmaninezhad Seyed Ali , Schauer Caroline L. , Sales Christopher M. , Najafi Ahmad , Cotton Aidan , Sadighi Amir , Farnam Yaghoob (Amir)
Published: April 2023

The goal of this research is to develop innovative damage-responsive bacterial-based self-healing fibers (hereafter called BioFiber) that can be incorporated into concrete to enable two functionalities simultaneously: (1) crack bridging functionality to control crack growth and (2) crack healing functionality when a crack occurs. The BioFiber is comprised of a load-bearing core fiber, a sheath of bacteria-laden hydrogel, and an outer impermeable strain-responsive shell coating. An instant soaking manufacturing process was used with multiple reservoirs containing bacteria-laden, hydrophilic prepolymer and crosslinking reagents to develop BioFiber. Sodium-alginate was used as a prepolymer to produce calcium-alginate hydrogel via ionic crosslinking on the core fiber. The dormant bacteria (spore) of Lysinibacillus sphaericus was incorporated in hydrogel as a self-healing agent. Then, an impermeable polymeric coating was applied to the hydrogel-coated core fibers. The impermeable strain-responsive shell coating material was manufactured using the polymer blend of polystyrene and polylactic acid. The high swelling capacity of calcium-alginate provides the water required for the microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) chemical pathway, i.e., ureolysis in this study. The strain-responsive impermeable coating provides adequate flexibility during concrete casting to protect the spores and alginate before cracking and sufficient stress-strain behavior to grant damage-responsiveness upon crack occurrence to activate MICP. To evaluate the behavior of developed BioFiber, the swelling capacity of the hydrogel, the impermeability of shell coating, the spore casting survivability, and MICP activities were investigated.
Investigation of Membrane Emulsification for the Scaled Production of Microcapsules for Self-sealing Cementitious Systems
Authors: Riordan Claire , Palmer Dave , Al-Tabbaa Abir
Published: April 2023

Capsule-based self-sealing in cementitious systems is an advantageous methodology which has the potential to decrease water ingress and thus enhance a system’s durability and extend its lifespan. If capsule-based self-sealing is to be considered as an industrial solution, production must be scaled while capsule quality and batch reproducibility are maintained. In this study, polyurethane-shelled microcapsules containing a commercially available water repellent agent were produced using membrane emulsification equipment, supplied by Micropore Technologies, followed by interfacial polymerisation. Production was scaled across three different cross-flow membrane emulsification devices, the AXF-1, the AXF-3, and the AXF-4, increasing production output to a maximum of 850 L/hr of capsule suspension. Following production, capsules were characterised, measuring average size and size distribution, as well as integrated into a cementitious matrix. The results highlight the key parameters that govern capsule size, the versatility of the equipment, and the consistent quality of capsules produced. It is hoped that this scaled production of capsules will help to develop the commercial viability of capsule-based self-sealing cementitious systems.
Tunable chitosan-alginate capsules for a controlled release of crystallisation inhibitors in mortars
Authors: Kamat Ameya , Palin Damian , Lubelli Barbara , Schlangen Erik
Published: April 2023

Plasters and renders used in historic monuments are vulnerable to degradation caused by salt weathering. Crystallisation inhibitors (molecules/ions that alter salt crystallisation) mixed into mortars have shown promising results in mitigating salt damage by inhibiting salt crystallisation, promoting salt transport to the evaporating surface, and modifying crystal habit. However, past research suggests that inhibitors easily leach out from mortars, meaning their long-term positive effect is lost. Encapsulation of an inhibitor within a mortar is a potential solution to minimise leaching. Herein, capsules composed of a polyelectrolyte complex of calcium alginate coated in chitosan are investigated for the controlled diffusive release of sodium ferrocyanide, a known NaCl crystallisation inhibitor. Capsules with varying chitosan-calcium alginate ratios are prepared using the extrusion dripping technique. The release of the inhibitor from capsules in solutions of various pH values ranging from 7–13 is investigated. Results show that increasing the capsule’s chitosan to calcium alginate ratio reduces the inhibitor release for all studied solution pH values compared to pure calcium-alginate capsules. Therefore, a controlled inhibitor release can be obtained by tuning the chitosan-alginate ratio. In future, additional tests will be performed to find suitable capsule compositions for optimising their performance when mixed in mortars.
Design and optimization parameters of cement-based spherical macrocapsules for self-healing cement applications
Authors: Papaioannou Stamatoula , Gournis Dimitrios , Kilikoglou Vassilis , Karatasios Ioannis
Published: April 2023

Encapsulated healing agents is a promising solution for extending the service life of critical infrastructure, providing long-term healing efficiency. This research focuses on the shell properties of cement-based spherical macro-capsules, aiming to achieve increased survivability during mixing of mortar mixtures and efficient triggering upon crack propagation. In this framework, the pan coating technique was examined for the production of capsules with a cementitious shell, developed for the protection of powder healing agents. The main properties that were studied included the crushing load as a function of capsules size and the shell hydration facilitated by different setting accelerators, and their consequent effect on the survivability and the triggering efficiency of the capsules. The results show that the use of setting accelerators allows the rapid densification of the shell microstructure and improves the crushing load of capsules, resulting in high survivability during mixing process. The enhanced compatibility of capsules with the matrix allowed the efficient triggering of capsules during crack propagation, initiating the autonomous healing process.
Applicability of cementitious capsules in concrete production: initial assessment on capsule robustness, mechanical and self-sealing properties of concrete
Authors: Hermawan Harry , Simons Alicia , Teirlynck Silke , Serna Pedro , Minne Peter , Anglani Giovanni , Tulliani Jean-Marc , Antonaci Paola , Gruyaert Elke
Published: April 2023

The use of macrocapsules in self-healing applications offers a potential benefit by carrying a larger amount of healing agent in comparison with microcapsules. However, the application of macrocapsules is still limited to paste and mortar levels on lab-scale. This is due to a concern that most capsules might be broken when mixed with concrete components. In this study, cementitious tubular capsules were used and they were considered as a partial replacement of coarse aggregates (2 vol% gravel). The capsules have a dimension of 54 mm and 9 mm in length and outer diameter, respectively. A water-repellent agent (WRA) was entrapped in the capsules as a proposed agent to seal the crack. Initial results revealed high survivability of capsules during concrete mixing: 100% survival ratio when tested in a drum mixer and 70–95% when tested in a planetary mixer. The mechanical and self-sealing properties of concrete containing embedded capsules were evaluated. With the addition of capsules, around 8% reduction of compressive strength was noticed, but no further effect on splitting tensile strength was detected as compared with concrete without capsules. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests confirmed that the presence of capsules also did not significantly affect the compactness of the hardened concrete. Furthermore, the embedded capsules were able to break when a crack was introduced and it was found that 90% sealing efficiency was achieved by capsule-based concrete as a result of the successful release of sealing agent into the crack.
A self-healing approach to cement-based materials with crystalline admixtures in normal and accelerated environmental conditions
Authors: Tamimi Yasmin , da Silva Deividi , Pfeuffer Bruno , Masuero Angela , Dal Molin Denise
Published: April 2023

Cracks in cement-based materials can be a source of significant problems in civil works, especially those exposed to the action of harmful agents and moisture. Its occurrence may be associated with various physical, chemical, or mechanical factors. Self-healing phenomenon can promote cracks repair, contributing to a useful life increase through the sealing by cracking closure. This work aimed to evaluate the self-healing phenomenon in cementitious matrices with different crystalline admixtures. Mortars were produced using high initial strength cement, quartz sand, three types of crystalline additives, and 0.4 as w/c ratio. Compressive strength tests were performed at 3 days (crack opening age), 28 days, and 45 days. The environmental conditions were wet/dry cycles in controlled and accelerated climate chambers. Ultrasonic pulse and optical microscopy with image editing techniques were used to evaluate the self-healing phenomenon. The results indicate that the samples in accelerated chamber (CAR) presented the highest mechanical strength at 45 days, and the most significant crack closure to samples with Z crystalline admixture. The ultrasonic wave propagation speed analysis showed that crystalline admixtures-based samples (X, Y and Z) had the highest matrix densification. Additionally, special attention should be given to the samples preparing steps and images editing to identify the healed area for the techniques being used.
The sensitivity of Acoustic Emission (AE) for monitoring the effect of SAPs in fresh concrete
Authors: Korda Eleni , Tsangouri Eleni , Snoeck Didier , De Schutter Geert , Aggelis Dimitrios G.
Published: April 2023

Fresh concrete is characterized by numerous processes taking place simultaneously such as settlement, hydration, early-age cracking and shrinkage. Those processes have a strong impact on the strength and durability, hence monitoring the material at an early stage is essential to ensure the required performance. Acoustic Emission (AE) is a non-destructive, highly sensitive technique that records elastic waves propagating through the medium and has proven to be adequate to monitor the complex processes taking place at an early age. In this study, the method of AE is applied on fresh concrete cubes with or without the addition of SuperAbsorbent Polymers (SAPs). SAPs are particles that have been recently used for internal curing or self-healing of cementitious materials. The water-releasing action of SAPs is accompanied by high AE activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility to control the internal curing of concrete based on real-time AE data, as well as to make projections towards the final mechanical properties while still at a young age, in order to ensure the desired concrete performance.
Influence of self-healing property of Ultra-High Performance Concrete under aggressive environment
Authors: Xi Bin , Ferrara Liberato
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the evolution of self-healing properties of ultra-high performance concrete exposed to aggressive environments. Double edge wedge splitting UHPC specimens with 0.8% crystalline admixture and 1.5% steel fibre by volume have been first pre-cracked up to a average 0.30 mm crack opening displacement (COD) obtained by two linear variable differential transformers attached to both sides of the sample surface. Then, the pre-cracked samples have been exposed to three different environments: tap water, salt water (a NaCl aqueous solution at 3.3% concentration) and geothermal water obtained from a geothermal power plant. After one month exposure, samples were carried out re-crack to know the self-healing properties. The results from ultrasonic pulse velocity tests (UPV) reveal that the samples exposed to tap water exhibit the highest rate of recovery along the exposure time, while those exposed to geothermal water show the lowest. The calculated indexes of cracking self-healing (ICS) show a 73.8% closure in tap water, 58.4% in salt water 43.9% in geothermal water. Additionally, the index of damage recovery, evaluated from UPV frequencies as well as from the stress vs. COD curves of pre-cracking and post-healing re-cracking tests on specimens, and the equivalent tensile stress also indicate a higher level of healing capable of inducing a significant recovery of mechanical properties.
Tensile behavior of strain-hardening cementitious composites after self-healing based on a novel fiber-bridging model considering preloading and reloading
Authors: Liu Yangqing , Wu Bo , Qiu Jishen
Published: April 2023

The self-healing of strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCCs) causes the recovery of the debonded fiber-to-matrix interface by the products of autogenous healing (mainly calcium carbonates). The recovery of chemical bond Gd has been detected in the reactive magnesia cement (RMC)-based SHCC (SHMC), and the recovery of frictional bond τ0 has been detected in both SHMCs and normal SHCCs. While these phenomena can significantly alter the fiber-bridging σ-w relationship in SHCCs, they have not been quantified in any existing analytical models. In this work, we present a new fiber-bridging model that captures the effect of self-healing of RMC-based SHCC. On the single-fiber level, the debonding and slip-hardening of the fiber-to-matrix interface induced by a tensile preloading as well as the recovery of the interface properties by self-healing are coherently quantified in a clear kinetic process. On the fiber-bridging level, the tensile stress vs. crack width curve is formed by summing individual fibers’ tensile load vs. displacement relationship. The modeling results can well capture the fiber-bridging behavior of the self-healed SHCC specimens. Further, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the tensile behavior of SHCC after self-healing. The effects of preloading levels, recovered τ0, and fiber strength are discussed.
Prospect Analysis of Chinese Oil Companies’ Investment in Kenyan Oil and Gas
Authors: Fu Li , Li ZuXin , Zhang Jin , Liu ShenAoYi , Huang Fei
Published: April 2023

Kenya is China’s comprehensive strategic and cooperative partner. In recent years, under the common concern and guidance of the two heads of state, China-Kenya relations have entered the best period in history, with political mutual trust deepening and practical cooperation leading the way in China-Africa cooperation. Kenya is gradually building and developing its own oil storage and transportation infrastructures. Meanwhile, Chinese oil companies should seize the “Golden Twenty Years” of China-Africa cooperation, for jointly pursuing common development, facing challenges, and sharing opportunities; make progress in the oil and gas investment and cooperation; and participate in the oil and gas exploration and development throughout Kenya. By this means, it will not only ensure the stable supply of domestic oil and gas, but also inject strong impetus into Kenya’s development.
Investor Sentiment Measurement and Time Series Analysis
Authors: Bai Yuchen
Published: April 2023

Investor sentiment is one of the destabilizing factors in the stock market. In the past, some scholars have proposed models for the measurement of emotions. On this basis, this paper selects 9 factors (closed-end fund discount rate, trading volume of the previous month, market turnover rate of the previous month, number of IPOs, first-day yield of IPOs, number of new investors opened accounts in the last month, Consumers Confidence index, Advance/Decline Line, Business Index of Macro-economic), and constructs the investor sentiment index through principal component analysis. Through statistical analysis of the index, it is found that it satisfies the conditions of a stationary time series, and a related formula is put forward. At the same time, the relationship between index and stock market is discussed.
The Relationship Between RMB Internationalization and Sino-US Trade
Authors: Qin Tianbo
Published: April 2023

As China is the largest exporting economy, the rapid internationalization of RMB does impact on the trade structures of many countries. As the United States is China’s most significant trading partner, the factors influencing Sino-US trade cannot be neglected. As a result, in order to widen the study findings in the field of RMB internationalization, this article applies multiple regression analysis to completely evaluate the influence of RMB internationalization on Sino-US trade. The paper demonstrates that RMB internationalization increases both Chinese imports and Chinese exports to the United States, but has a greater impact on exports than imports. Our preliminary results make favorable recommendations for achieving RMB internationalization and benign interactions in Sino-US trade.
Research on the Decoupling Effect of China’s Regional Digital Economy Development and Carbon Emissions
Authors: Mengke Zhang , Yan Huang , Yuan Bao , Yifan Jin
Published: April 2023

The development of digital economy is conducive to empowering technological innovation and optimizing industrial structure, thus reducing the environmental pollution caused by industrial development. However, the development of digital economy also implies an increase in energy demand. Whether its impact on CO2 emissions is the same as or opposite to the Kuznets hypothesis in a “U-shaped” or “N-shaped” relationship, and whether there is a decoupling effect between the two, deserves further study. In this paper, we analyze the non-linear impact of digital economy on carbon emissions through literature research, and the possible decoupling relationship between the two. The decoupling is examined by two measures: velocity decoupling and quantity decoupling. In addition, the inter- and intra-regional variability of digital economy development and carbon emissions is analyzed through the Thiel index. The results of this study add to the empirical techniques and findings on the link between digital economy and carbon emissions, as well as provide theoretical references to support high-quality growth of digital economy and inter-regional cooperation in each region.
Green Bond, Institutional Investors and Corporate Value
Authors: Chen Ke , Ma Zixuan
Published: April 2023

Based on the data of China’s green bond market, this paper selects companies that issue green bonds in China’s A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2021 and other listed companies in the industry as research objects to explore the impact and mechanism of green bond issuance on corporate value. Through empirical analysis, it is verified that green bond issuance can enhance the corporate value of issuing enterprises, and further tests the mediating effect of institutional investors’ shareholding between green bond issuance and corporate value.
Business marketing analysis of agricultural products on online platforms based on big data
Authors: Deng Yifeng
Published: April 2023

In recent years, online platform shopping has gradually become a mainstream shopping method for the public. And with the continuous development of China’s poverty alleviation cause in rural areas, marketing of agricultural products has al-so been added to online marketing, but in the process of development, various unsuitable situations have emerged, and data cannot be combined with products, resulting in the further development of agricultural products in this marketing mode has been restricted. Nowadays has entered the big data era and the market-ing of big data has appeared in many industries. This paper, through a systematic review of domestic and foreign literature, uncovers a basic framework of big data for agricultural products in online platform marketing, explaining the basic defini-tion and characteristics of big data, and elaborating the application. Although there is logistic regression model to truly realize big data in agricultural products online platform. The application of big data in agricultural products online plat-form marketing is explained.
Comparison of Real Estate Bubbles in China and Japan
Authors: Lu Tianhui
Published: April 2023

China has experienced a huge housing boom in recent decades. However, many experts point out that since China’s real estate marketization, real estate investment has increased rapidly, real estate prices are gradually rising, and there is a bubble phenomenon in the industry. Some scholars think that China could follow the same solutions as Japan’s towards Japan’s real estate bubble. Thus, the essay will use the method of contrastive analysis, through the comparison of the land system, monetary policies and national development and system of China and Japan to point out the differences in the real situation of the two countries. It is not appropriate for China to copy Japan’s solutions and China needs to make appropriate adjustments according to the national conditions.
“Can You Give Me A Five Star Please?” - How Human Interactions Influence Online Service Ratings
Authors: Wu Jiayi
Published: April 2023

When talking about giving “five stars” in the quality of human interaction between service provider and receiver should not be omit. In the field of marketing studies, this is relatively less talked about. This study examines the relationship between the existence of human interaction in the service experience and the consumer ratings in online services, how the quality of the interaction affect the ratings and to what extend. Three studies were conducted to test out if consumers are more likely to rate when the human interactions take place, and they are more likely to rate when the interaction is not favourable. Furthermore, they are more likely to rate to the extreme. The results are predicted to agree with the hypotheses. The study results are valuable for brands to interpret the received ratings and to work to provide a better user experience.
‘Renewable Energy + Energy Storage’ Business Model Innovation -- An Emerging Sustainable Business Model Innovation
Authors: Long Fei , Xiao Yiqing , Wan Jian , Zhao Qi
Published: April 2023

Recent reforms in the power industry include the promotion of ‘dual carbon’ targets, the development of large-scale and high-penetration, renewable energy and grid-connected consumption, and deep integration of digital technology and power services. The ‘renewable energy+energy storage’ combined innovation is the important direction of business model innovation for energy power enterprises. The data-driven, intelligent empowerment, green and low-carbon are all interesting items. This paper analyzed smart green business model innovation for the motivation, essential connotation and basic structure of ‘renewable energy+ energy storage’. Combining application scenarios, analyzing typical cases and practical effects of sustainable business model innovation were analyzed. the mechanism of digital technology empowering smart green energy business model innovation is explored. Finally, the general rules of sustainable business model innovation of smart green energy are summarized. The study will help power enterprises to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy and help to provide actionable guidance for achieving the goal of ‘double carbon’.
Discussion on Market Segmentation and Marketing Strategy in Hanfu Economic
Authors: Yang Jinyi , Yang Hongxing
Published: April 2023

With popularity of Hanfu culture, more and more people know and are fond of Hanfu. Hanfu has gradually become popular from the once niche clothing, and more and more people are willing to buy and wear Hanfu. Therefore, the scale of Hanfu industry is growing. Due to increase in brands and products in the industry, the products that customers can choose from have also increased, and many Hanfu stores have also encountered challenges, and the competition has become increasingly fierce. This article segments different customers depend on different buying motivations, and analyses some competition situations encountered by Hanfu stores, and give some suggestions for Hanfu stores’ marketing strategies
Research on the Consumption Behavior and Influencing Factors of Locally-produced Vegetables in Tianjin
Authors: Tian Tian , zhen Zeng Yu
Published: April 2023

Tianjin residents attach great importance to vegetable consumption, and the vegetable industry is an important support for promoting the transformation of Tianjin’s modern urban agriculture. In this study, we reviewed the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on the influencing factors of consumption behavior, combined with field surveys, and used economic theory and empirical analysis methods to analyze in depth the influencing factors of Tianjin residents’ consumption behavior of locally-produced vegetables. It was found that factors such as residents’ age, understanding of locally-produced vegetables by indigenous people, local product awareness, freshness and taste of locally-produced vegetables, convenience of purchase, and government media propaganda have a significant impact on residents’ purchase behavior of locallyproduced vegetables. Based on the above research results and the problems found in the survey, corresponding policy suggestions are propose
The Impacts and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence Translation Tool on Translation Professionals
Authors: Wang Lan
Published: April 2023

Machine translation, especially translation based on neural network technology has made a major breakthrough and is increasingly accepted and widely used. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) translation has had a definite impact on translation jobs. People, even professional translators, are relying on AI translation. But There is no research on whether machine translation software is superior to professional translators in translating various types of documents.. In this study, we design an experiment to determine the advantages and disadvantages between AI translations and human translations. The result shows the impact of the development of AI on the translation industry. To achieve better translation results and output highquality translations in the era of rapid development of AI, it will contribute to Human-AI partnerships.
Background, Development Status and Impact of the Cooperation between Government, Banks and Guarantee Companies: A Literature Review
Authors: Huang Silan
Published: April 2023

The cooperation between the government, banks and guarantee companies plays a crucial role in solving the financing problems of SME, and the impact of this cooperation model on the financing activities of SME is also the focus of many scholars’ research, but there is still a lack of literature review related to it. Therefore, this paper systematically sorts out the core journals related to them in recent years, and attempts to paint an overall picture of the background, development status and impact of cooperation between the Chinese government, banks and guarantee companies. It is intended to contribute to relevant research and point the way for other scholars to identify valuable research topics.
The Impact of ESG Scores on Corporate Performance - A-Share Banks and Securities Firms
Authors: Hoi Hin Lee , Liu Mengyuan
Published: April 2023

Globally, companies are increasingly paying attention to the impact of environmental, social and governance (ESGs) on corporate performance. The objective of the study is to the impact of ESG scores of third-party institutions on the performance of Banks and Securities Firms. Based on the data of A-share banks and securities firms with complete ESG scores from Bloomberg 2011-2021, 19 listed banks and securities firms were selected. A linear regression of their return on assets, E, S, G, and ESG scores, and corporate performance is conducted to analyze which specific factor scores have the most direct impact on the corporate performance of securities firms, and thus help them to better implement ESG strategies. The results of the study revealed that the scores of G factors have the most direct impact on the corporate performance of banks and securities firms, and that securities firms need to improve the scores of G factors faster to achieve higher corporate performance. Therefore, information disclosure, as a part of corporate governance, should also be on the agenda when it is in line with the excess returns of securities firms.