bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Implications for Rural Economies
Authors: Phillipson Jeremy , Gorton Matthew , Turner Roger , Shucksmith Mark , Aitken-McDermott Katie , Areal Francisco , Cowie Paul , Hubbard Carmen , Maioli Sara , McAreavey Ruth , Souza-Monteiro Diogo , Newbery Robert , Panzone Luca , Rowe Frances , Shortall Sally
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a rapid assessment of current and likely future impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on rural economies given their socio-economic characteristics. Drawing principally on current evidence for the UK, as well as lessons from the 2001 Foot and Mouth Disease outbreak and the 2007/8 financial crises, it outlines the likely key demand and supply effects, paying attention to the situation for agriculture as well as discussing the implications for rural communities. A distinction is made between the effects on businesses offering goods and services for out-of-home as opposed to in-home consumption. Gendered dimensions are also noted as likely business and household strategies for coping and adaptation. The paper concludes with a brief mapping of a research agenda for studying the longer-term effects of COVID-19 on rural economies.
Impact of Environmental CSR, Service Quality, Emotional Attachment, and Price Perception on Word-of-Mouth for Full-Service Airlines
Authors: Han Heesup , Al-Ansi Amr , Chi Xiaoting , Baek Hyungshin , Lee Kyung-Sik
Published: May 2020

This research aimed to develop a theoretical framework relating environmental corporate social responsibility (environmentally friendly business, compliance with environmental regulations, environmentally friendly products/services, environment-related mission, environmental preservation efforts), service quality, emotional attachment, and word-of-mouth in the full-service airline industry. A quantitative approach with a survey methodology was used for attaining the research goals. Our empirical findings demonstrated that environmental corporate social responsibility plays a crucial role in eliciting airline customers’ word-of-mouth, and that service quality and emotional attached have a critical mediating effect. In addition, price perception moderated the degree of the relationship strength between environmental corporate social responsibility and word-of-mouth. The salient contribution of emotional attachment to the prediction power increase of the proposed model for word-of-mouth was also uncovered. Overall, this research presents apparent understanding of airline corporate social responsibility for the environment and its role in the process of generating word-of-mouth.
Calculations of QED Effects with the Dirac Green Function
Authors: Yerokhin Vladimir A. , Maiorova Anna V.
Published: May 2020

Modern spectroscopic experiments in few-electron atoms reached the level of precision at which an accurate description of quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects is mandatory. In many cases, theoretical treatment of QED effects need to be performed without any expansion in the nuclear binding strength parameter Z α (where Z is the nuclear charge number and α is the fine-structure constant). Such calculations involve multiple summations over the whole spectrum of the Dirac equation in the presence of the binding nuclear field, which can be evaluated in terms of the Dirac Green function. In this paper we describe the technique of numerical calculations of QED corrections with the Dirac Green function, developed in numerous investigations during the last two decades.
Evaluation of Matrix Issues in the Applicability of the Neuro-2a Cell Based Assay on the Detection of CTX in Fish Samples
Authors: Castro David , Manger Ronald , Vilariño Oscar , Gago-Martínez Ana
Published: May 2020

Ciguatoxins (CTXs) are a group of neurotoxins responsible for the syndrome ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) as a result of the consumption of contaminated fish. The presence of these toxins has been detected around the Pacific, Caribbean and Indian coasts. Recent reports indicate the emergence of CFP in other geographic areas, in particular in European coasts, of the Canary Islands (Spain) and Madeira (Portugal). A neuroblastoma cell line of murine origin (N2a) has been applied to assay different groups of neurotoxins, acting on voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) of excitable cells, N2a-MTT. The great potential of N2a-MTT as a sensitive tool for the CTXs screening is clearly recognized, notably because it allows the detection of these toxins at levels below recommended as security levels. However, the complexity of the matrix is a critical point on the application of N2a-MTT, which needs to be evaluated. The aim of this work is to provide recommendations for an implemented N2a-MTT method for CTXs determination in fish that avoids matrix effects, particularly those related to high lipid content.
Efficacy of Mycotoxin Detoxifiers on Health and Growth of Newly-Weaned Pigs under Chronic Dietary Challenge of Deoxynivalenol
Authors: Holanda Debora Muratori , Kim Sung Woo
Published: May 2020

The efficacy of yeast-based mycotoxin detoxifiers on health and growth performance of newly-weaned pigs (27-d-old) fed diets naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol was investigated. Sixty pigs were individually assigned to five treatments for 34 d: NC (negative control, 1.2 mg/kg of deoxynivalenol); PC (positive control, 3.2 mg/kg of deoxynivalenol); CYC (PC + clay/yeast culture-based product, 0.2%); CYE (PC + clay/yeast cell wall/plant extracts/antioxidants-based product, 0.2%); and CYB (PC + clay/inactivated yeast/botanicals/antioxidants-based product, 0.2%). Blood and jejunal mucosa were sampled, and data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS with pre-planned contrasts. Deoxynivalenol reduced the average daily gain (ADG) in phase 3. Pigs fed CYC had greater overall ADG, average daily feed intake during phase 3, and gain to feed ratio during phase 2 than PC. At d 14, deoxynivalenol reduced blood urea nitrogen/creatinine and tended to reduce blood urea nitrogen. Pigs fed CYB tended to have greater aspartate aminotransferase than PC. At d 34, pigs fed CYC and CYB tended to have lower serum creatine phosphokinase than PC. Pigs fed CYE had lower blood urea nitrogen/creatinine than PC. In jejunal mucosa, deoxynivalenol tended to increase malondialdehydes and decrease glutathione. Pigs fed CYE and CYB had lower malondialdehydes, pigs fed CYB had greater glutathione and tended to have lower immunoglobulin A than PC. Pigs fed CYC and CYE tended to have lower interleukin 8 than PC. In summary, deoxynivalenol challenge (1.2 vs. 3.2 mg/kg) mildly compromised growth performance and increased the oxidative stress of pigs. Mycotoxin detoxifiers could partially overcome deoxynivalenol toxicity enhancing liver health, whereas CYE and CYB reduced oxidative stress, and CYC and CYB reduced immune activation. In conclusion, yeast-based detoxifiers with functional components as clay/inactivated yeast/botanicals/antioxidants had increased detoxifying properties in newly-weaned pigs challenged with deoxynivalenol, potentially by enhancing adsorbability, immune function, gut health, and reducing oxidative stress.
Green Bees: Reverse Genetic Analysis of Deformed Wing Virus Transmission, Replication, and Tropism
Authors: Gusachenko Olesya N. , Woodford Luke , Balbirnie-Cumming Katharin , Campbell Ewan M. , Christie Craig R. , Bowman Alan S. , Evans David J.
Published: May 2020

Environmental and agricultural pollination services by honey bees, Apis mellifera, and honey production are compromised by high levels of annual colony losses globally. The majority are associated with disease caused by deformed wing virus (DWV), a positive-strand RNA virus, exacerbated by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. To improve honey bee health, a better understanding of virus transmission and pathogenesis is needed which requires the development of tools to study virus replication, transmission, and localisation. We report the use of reverse genetic (RG) systems for the predominant genetically distinct variants of DWV to address these questions. All RG-recovered viruses replicate within 24 h post-inoculation of pupae and could recapitulate the characteristic symptoms of DWV disease upon eclosion. Larvae were significantly less susceptible but could be infected orally and subsequently developed disease. Using genetically tagged RG DWV and an in vitro Varroa feeding system, we demonstrate virus replication in the mite by accumulation of tagged negative-strand viral replication intermediates. We additionally apply a modified DWV genome expressing a fluorescent reporter protein for direct in vivo observation of virus distribution in injected pupae or fed larvae. Using this, we demonstrate extensive sites of virus replication in a range of pupal tissues and organs and in the nascent wing buds in larvae fed high levels of virus, indicative of a direct association between virus replication and pathogenesis. These studies provide insights into virus replication kinetics, tropism, transmission, and pathogenesis, and produce new tools to help develop the understanding needed to control DWV-mediated colony losses.
Effect of Plastic Film Residue on Vertical Infiltration Under Different Initial Soil Moisture Contents and Dry Bulk Densities
Authors: Cao Junhao , Chen Pengpeng , Li Yupeng , Fang Heng , Gu Xiaobo , Li Yuannong
Published: May 2020

In arid and semi-arid regions, plastic film mulching can effectively improve crop yield, but with the increase of service life, a lot of residual plastic film (RPF) remains in the soil. The application of a RPF to a soil will alter soil moisture processes, and thus, affect the soil water distribution and its effectiveness. A quadratic regression orthogonal design was used to study the effects of initial moisture content (IMC), dry bulk density (DBD), residual plastic film content (RPFC), and the burial depth of RPF on the migration time of wetting front (MF), moisture content (MC), and accumulative infiltration (AI) of a test soil. It was found that IMC, DBD, and RPFC were the main factors affecting MC, MF, and AI, while the burial depth of RPF had no significant influence. The order of influence for the factors affecting MF was IMC > DBD > RPFC, while the order of influence for the factors affecting MC and AI was DBD > IMC > RPFC. RPFC was parabolic in relation to MF, MC, and AI, when it was in the range of 50–100 kg/hm2, while within the same range MC and AI reached a maximum and MF reached a minimum. The analysis of the interactive responses revealed that when the DBD was greater than 1.29g/cm3, the MF initially decreased and then increased with the increase of RPFC. When the RPFC was more than 100 kg/hm2, the MF initially increased and then decreased with the increase of the DBD. When the DBD was larger than 1.31 g/cm3, the AI initially increased and then decreased with the increase of RPFC. It was apparent that the RPF not only had a blocking effect on the wetting front, but also affected the water flow. When the RPFC was between 50 and 100 kg/hm2, the soil MC was significantly increased. It was suggested that the RPF pollution area should increase the mechanical recovery of plastic film, standardize the use and recycling of agricultural RPF, optimize the planting model, and establish a recyclable model for the treatment of RPF pollution, and it was proposed that the RPFC remaining after recovery of the RPF should be less than 50 kg/hm2.This study can prove the law of soil water movement in the residue film pollution area and provide reference and solution ideas for the comprehensive treatment of residue film pollution in farmland.
Assessing Groundwater Vulnerability: DRASTIC and DRASTIC-Like Methods: A Review
Authors: Barbulescu Alina
Published: May 2020

Groundwater vulnerability studies are sources of essential information for the management of water resources, aiming at the water quality preservation. Different methodologies for estimating the groundwater vulnerability, in general, or of the karst aquifer, in particular, are known. Among them, DRASTIC is one of the most popular due to its performance and easy-to-use applicability. In this article, we review DRASTIC and some DRASTIC-like methods introduced by different scientists, emphasizing their applications, advantages, and drawbacks.
Global Warming Impacts on Severe Drought Characteristics in Asia Monsoon Region
Authors: Kim Jeong-Bae , So Jae-Min , Bae Deg-Hyo
Published: May 2020

Climate change influences the changes in drought features. This study assesses the changes in severe drought characteristics over the Asian monsoon region responding to 1.5 and 2.0 °C of global average temperature increases above preindustrial levels. Based on the selected 5 global climate models, the drought characteristics are analyzed according to different regional climate zones using the standardized precipitation index. Under global warming, the severity and frequency of severe drought (i.e., SPI <−1.5) are modulated by the changes in seasonal and regional precipitation features regardless of the region. Due to the different regional change trends, global warming is likely to aggravate (or alleviate) severe drought in warm (or dry/cold) climate zones. For seasonal analysis, the ranges of changes in drought severity (and frequency) are −11.5%~6.1% (and −57.1%~23.2%) under 1.5 and 2.0 °C of warming compared to reference condition. The significant decreases in drought frequency are indicated in all climate zones due to the increasing precipitation tendency. In general, drought features under global warming closely tend to be affected by the changes in the amount of precipitation as well as the changes in dry spell length. As the warming enhanced, the spatial variation of drought severity will be increased across climate zones, which can lead to increased water stress over Asia. This study demonstrates that precipitation characteristic changes can explicitly modulate severe regional drought features.
Recharge Estimation Using CMB and Environmental Isotopes in the Verlorenvlei Estuarine System, South Africa and Implications for Groundwater Sustainability in a Semi-Arid Agricultural Region
Authors: Watson Andrew , Eilers Anya , Miller Jodie A.
Published: May 2020

Groundwater recharge remains one of the most difficult hydrogeological variables to measure accurately, especially for semi-arid environments where the recharge flux is much smaller than in humid conditions. In this study, groundwater recharge was estimated using chloride mass balance (CMB) in the Verlorenvlei catchment, South Africa where the effects of recent severe drought conditions in an already semi-arid environment have impacted both agricultural activity as well as the RAMSAR-listed Verlorenvlei estuarine system. Chloride, 18O and 2H tracers were used to improve understanding of the groundwater flow patterns and allowed the fresh parts of the groundwater system, defined by Ca2+-HCO3− groundwater types, to be separated from those where additional salts were being introduced through groundwater mixing, and thus characterized as Na+-Cl− groundwater types. Recharge rates calculated from CMB in the fresh parts of the system were between 4.2–5.6% and 11.4–15.1% of mean annual precipitation for the headwater valley and mountains of the Krom Antonies and are largely consistent with previous studies. However, much lower recharge rates in the valleys where agriculture is dominant contrasts with previous results, which were higher, since groundwater-mixing zones were not recognised. Although the chloride concentration in precipitation is based on only one year of data between 2015 and 2016, where 2015 had on average 28% less precipitation than 2016, the results provide a snapshot of how the system will respond to increasing drought frequency in the future. The results suggest that low rates of groundwater recharge under dry spell conditions will impact on low flow generations which are required to sustain the Verlorenvlei estuarine lake system. Overall, the study highlights the importance of combining hydrochemical tracers such as bulk chloride and stable isotopes with numerical modelling in data-scarce catchments to fully understand the nature of hydrological resilience.
A Multi-Scale Mapping Approach Based on a Deep Learning CNN Model for Reconstructing High-Resolution Urban DEMs
Authors: Jiang Ling , Hu Yang , Xia Xilin , Liang Qiuhua , Soltoggio Andrea , Kabir Syed Rezwan
Published: May 2020

The scarcity of high-resolution urban digital elevation model (DEM) datasets, particularly in certain developing countries, has posed a challenge for many water-related applications such as flood risk management. A solution to address this is to develop effective approaches to reconstruct high-resolution DEMs from their low-resolution equivalents that are more widely available. However, the current high-resolution DEM reconstruction approaches mainly focus on natural topography. Few attempts have been made for urban topography, which is typically an integration of complex artificial and natural features. This study proposed a novel multi-scale mapping approach based on convolutional neural network (CNN) to deal with the complex features of urban topography and to reconstruct high-resolution urban DEMs. The proposed multi-scale CNN model was firstly trained using urban DEMs that contained topographic features at different resolutions, and then used to reconstruct the urban DEM at a specified (high) resolution from a low-resolution equivalent. A two-level accuracy assessment approach was also designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed urban DEM reconstruction method, in terms of numerical accuracy and morphological accuracy. The proposed DEM reconstruction approach was applied to a 121 km2 urbanized area in London, United Kingdom. Compared with other commonly used methods, the current CNN-based approach produced superior results, providing a cost-effective innovative method to acquire high-resolution DEMs in other data-scarce regions.
Simulating Reservoir Induced Lhasa Streamflow Variability Using ArcSWAT
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Hu Tiesong , Abdul Hakeem Samreen
Published: May 2020

Lhasa River Basin being the socio-economic hotspot of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is experiencing an increased hydropower capacity in the form of damming and reservoir construction. The Pangduo hydropower station, commenced in 2013, is one of these developments. Lhasa River discharge is analyzed for spatial variability under the reservoir operation at Pondo and Lhasa gauging station. The Mann–Kendall Trend analysis reveals an increased precipitation and a decreased Lhasa River discharge trend upstream and downstream the reservoir. However, the discharge received at Lhasa gauging station is experiencing a greater decline revealed by Sen’s slope estimator. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) modelling of the Lhasa River discharge for both the hydrometric stations from 2008–2016 reveals better simulation results for Pondo hydrometric station in terms of R2, NSE and PBIAS values. The modelling results for Pondo station correspond comparatively well to the reservoir operation procedures including water level and inflow despite of data availability constraint. However, the importance of non-simulated processes (e.g., groundwater abstractions) to the accurate prediction of the Lhasa flow regime particularly at the downstream flow gauge is recommended. The study can prove beneficial for local water distribution measures in Lhasa River Basin.
Assessment of Critical Thinking Skills of Postgraduate Students by using the Critical Self-Thinking Inventory for Clinical Examination
Authors: Wanjari Dr. Sanjivani , Vagha Dr. Sunita , Mahakalkar Dr. Chandrashekar
Published: May 2020

Background:Critical Thinking is a human cognitive process which is characterized by a purposeful self-regulatory judgement. Acquiring critical thinking is a question of practice. Clinical competence depends upon critical thinking skills and problem solving abilities. This will be possible when postgraduate students are taught to use critical thinking skills in order to make sound clinical judgments.
Aim: To study the utility of “Critical Self Thinking Inventory for Clinical Examination” (CSTI-CE) for assessment of critical thinking skills during OSLER in post-graduate students of Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology.
Integrated use of the GeneXpert Platform for TB, HIV and EVD Testing in Liberia
Authors: Desta Kassaye Tekie , Dogba John B. , Garbo Julia Toomey , Kessely Dedeh B. , Eastman Candace B. , Daboi Jerry G.
Published: May 2020

Background: The capacity for molecular testing of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viral load, Tuberculosis (TB) and epidemic- prone disease was very limited in Liberia prior to the Ebola Virus Diseases (EVD) outbreak. The use of point of care and near point of care machines for multiple disease testing of HIV, TB and EVD was adopted as a solution to these challenges. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the integrated use of GeneXpert for the three disease testing.
Methods: A previously collected and reported GeneXpert testing data was used to evaluate the integrated use of the GeneXpert platform for TB, HIV viral load and EVD testing. All the laboratory GeneXpert secondary data available since the machines were installed and started testing were analyzed.
A Prospective Comparison of Vertebral Column Decancellation Versus Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy in Thoracolumbar Kyphosis
Authors: Ouyang Yunfei , Yan Wang , Guoquan Zheng , Songhua Xiao , Peng Huang , Xuesong Zhang
Published: May 2020

Study Design: A prospective study.
Summary of Background Data: For advanced stages of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the
correction of spine deformities is quite often with pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO). We
reported a new resected technique of spinal osteotomy, called the vertebral column
decancellation (VCD) in 2010 to treat rigid scoliosis and severe sharp angular spinal deformities.
We first report comparisons between VCD with PSO.
Objective: We performed to compare VCD and PSO in correcting kyphosis deformities related to
AS.
СУЧАСНІ ЗАВДАННЯ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Bykov Valerii , Spirin Oleh , Pinchuk Olha
Published: May 2020

Розглянуто умови і сучасні тенденції розвитку інформаційного суспільства, а та-кож зумовлені ними ключові проблеми впровадження інформаційно-комунікаційних і цифрових тех-нологій у вітчизняній освіті, що потребують невідкладного вирішення: формування і широке впро-вадження єдиного освітнього інформаційного простору України та забезпечення належного науко-вого супроводу цих процесів; розгортання та удосконалення необхідних елементів інфраструктури регіональних інформаційних і телекомунікаційних мереж, взаємопов’язаних як між собою, так і з глобальною мережею Інтернет, що дозволить подолати «цифрову нерівність» у різних регіонах України, зокрема в сільській місцевості; низький рівень інформаційно-комунікаційно-технологічних компетентностей (ІКТ-компетентностей) та цифрових компетентностей населення, застосу-вання застарілих підходів у навчанні та низька мотивація суб’єктів навчального процесу щодо ви-користання прогресивних ІКТ; фактична несформованість цілісної національної політики застосу-вання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій в освіті, недосконала нормативно-правова база, що не забезпечує побудову інформаційного суспільства та, як наслідок, гальмує цифровізацію освіти в Україні. Виокремлено пріоритети, технологічні принципи побудови інформаційно-освітнього сере-довища. Визначено актуальні завдання розроблення комп’ютерно-орієнтованих методичних сис-тем навчання, створення та використання електронних освітніх ресурсів, зокрема електронного підручника, створення середовища неперервного розвитку цифрової компетентності суб’єктів освітнього процесу, проведення педагогічних досліджень з інформатизації освіти, розроблення та впровадження програми підвищення обізнаності громадян з питань інформаційної безпеки, кібербе-зпеки та захисту конфіденційної інформації, зокрема персональних даних, протидії загрозам їх не-санкціонованого використання.
ПРОВІДНІ АСПЕКТИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ АКАДЕМІЇ МІЖНАРОДНОГО СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА З КРЕАТИВНОЇ ПЕДАГОГІКИ «ПОЛІССЯ» (УКРАЇНА)
Authors: Dubaseniuk Oleksandra
Published: May 2020

У статті розглядаються основні напрями діяльності Академії міжнародного співробітництва з креативної педагогіки «Полісся» (Україна) в умовах інтеграційних процесів. Креативізація майбутніх фахівців/учителів відбуваються поетапно, що передбачає: виявлення педагогічних передумов об'єктивної необхідності, яка усвідомлюється у вигляді відповідних потреби, бажання; організації проблемних професійно орієнтованих ситуацій. Обґрунтовано теоретико-методологічні основи креативної освіти; андрагогічні засади та культуротворчу діяльність Академії; проаналізовано наукові основи професійної підготовки креативних фахівців, педагогічні умо-ви впровадження креативного підходу у професійну підготовку майбутніх учителів, науково-методичне забезпечення креативного освітнього процесу у вищій школі. На основі проведених досліджень виділено впровадження креативного підходу у професійно-педагогічну підготовку майбутніх учителів: творча взаємодія викладачів та студентів у навчальному процесі при вирішенні професійно орієнтованих навчальних проблем; актуалізація розвивального потенціалу психолого-педагогічних дисциплін; активізація самостійної пізнавальної діяльності студентів; створення творчого, психологічно комфортного середовища у навчальному закладі; залучення майбутніх педагогів до науково-дослідної діяльності (розробка наукових проектів, робіт, наукових публікацій); співпраця з викладачами-науковцями у межах науково-педагогічної школи; залучення майбутніх учителів до процесу самооцінки особистісних та професійних досягнень. Доведено, що формуванню креативної особистості педагога у навчальному процесі сприяло: застосування нетрадиційних форм, методів, інноваційних технологій, тренінгів, розв’язання професійно орієнтованих задач, мікровикладання, ділові ігри «Учитель XXI століття», виконання дослідницьких проектів «Творча майстерність педагогів-новаторів», конкурси, дискусії про проблеми сучасної школи тощо. Представлено результати діяльності Академії.
UNESCO CHAIR ON LIFELONG PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE XXI CENTURY OF THE NAES OF UKRAINE: STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sotska Halyna
Published: May 2020

The article outlines the strategic goal of the UNESCO Chair on Lifelong Professional Educa-tion in the XXI Century of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine. The main tasks of the Chair are as follows: to promote the creation of an educational platform for the exchange of knowledge and best practices by organizing and conducting events, creating a database and a special web site, preparing and distributing publications, including online; consolidation of the community of teachers, researchers and students in the field of professional and pedagogical education as well as adult education; dissemination of knowledge and support in the development and implementation of national strategies and plans for profes-sional training and adult education throughout life; to establish cooperation with other UNESCO Chairs with-in the framework of corresponding programs and activities. The information on the organization and hold-ing by the Chair of scientific and practical mass events aimed at the development of international academic and scientific solidarity (webinar "Mother language and multilingual education in the context of sustainable development", round table "T.H. Shevchenko's Civic and Patriotic Ideas in the Socio-Cultural and Educational Space of Ukraine", the scientific-practical conference "Museum Pedagogy: Problems, Present, Prospects", etc.) has been revealed. This contributed to the intensification of the knowledge exchange among the world's uni-versities, strengthening inter-chair coordination, increasing network collaboration, expanding partnerships and setting up joint platforms for interdisciplinary dialogue with the support of the UNITWIN / Chair Coor-dinating Board in Ukraine. The prospects for further activity of the Chair are determined, in particular: ex-pansion of cooperation with international and national experts in the spheres of education, science and cul-ture; assistance to staff and graduate students of the Institute in obtaining grants for educational, research and cultural projects; strengthening of educational and cultural initiatives in adult education; conducting events aimed at raising the level of quality of scientific and pedagogical staff training by increasing the num-ber of international projects with foreign partners, within which staff, graduate students and doctoral stu-dents of the Institute will have the opportunity to undergo study / internship in foreign educational institu-tions through academic mobility programs.
PENGARUH RUANG FISKAL, PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH, DANA ALOKASI UMUM, PERSENTASE PENDUDUK MISKIN, DAN RATA-RATA LAMA SEKOLAH TERHADAP BELANJA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Hidayati Nur Rohmah , Bawono Andy Dwi Bayu
Published: May 2020

This research aims to examine the influence of Fiscal Space, Locally Generated Revenue(PAD), General Allocation Funds(DAU), Poverty Rate (PPM), and Mean Years School(RLS) on Education Expenditures. The population used in this study is all regency/city in Indonesia. The sampling method in this research using purposive sampling method, collected data processed 505 regency/city samples. The analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21.00 software program. The simulant test result shows that Fiscal Space, Locally Generated Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU), Poverty Rate (PPM), and Mean Years School(RLS) significantly influence Education Expenditures. While the partial test shows that Fiscal Space, Local Original Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU) effect on Education Expenditures, Proverty Rate (PPM) has no effect on Education Expenditures, and Mean Years School (RLS) negatively influences Education Expenditures
Industrial Exports of Saint Petersburg: Condition, Trends, Prospects
Authors: Kuznetsov S. V. , Gorin E. A.
Published: May 2020

Aim. The presented study aims to examine the state of industrial exports from Saint Petersburg.

Tasks. The authors consider export potential, structure, and dynamics of exports and imports of industrial products in Saint Petersburg; examine structural transformations in Saint Petersburg’s economy sectors and the impact of innovation processes on the export potential of changes in the factors that are significant for export activities.

Methods. This study uses the official data of statistical agencies and customs authorities and processed results of the monitoring and survey of managers of Saint Petersburg enterprises and organizations.

Results. The study assesses the effects of organizational, economic and industrial factors on the export potential of Saint Petersburg’s economic entities, changes in their target markets over the past three years, and results achieved by enterprises and organizations in terms of factors that are significant for export activities.

Conclusions. Excessive state regulation and loopholes in the current legislation are significant factors that limit the export potential of Saint Petersburg enterprises and organizations. At the same time, for large industrial enterprises it is crucial to maintain national rules, international agreements and stability of production. While small and medium enterprises should focus on quality and the cost of components.
Assessing the Impact of International Sanctions on Russian Economy Sectors Using Network Modeling
Authors: Altukhov A. V. , Bannikova V. A. , Matveev E. O. , Tishchenko S. A.
Published: May 2020

This study presents the results of the economic modeling of commodity export flows from the Russian Federation in 2012–2016.

Aim. The study aims to assess the direct and indirect effects of the US and European sanctions on export flows from Russia.

Tasks. The authors collect the necessary data and carry out modeling using modern analysis methods to obtain a complete picture of the effects of sanctions on Russia, including a quantitative assessment of these effects.

Methods. The modeling is based on network analysis, which was selected after consulting a wide range of scientific works and examining possible alternative methodological approaches to the problem under consideration.

Results. The authors successfully complete network modeling for the major export commodity groups of the Russian Federation: aluminum, gas, and oil (including crude oil); formulate and test the hypothesis of Russia’s changing role in international trade as a result of sanctions; summarize the results of the model calculations of the aggregate effects of sanctions pressure on the export of the major commodity groups from Russia.

Conclusion. In general, sanctions pressure has an obvious negative impact on the Russian economy, but the timeframe and scope of this impact are not up to the original estimates of the US and the European countries that introduced these sanctions.
Analisis Kesadaran Merek dan Kepuasan Pelanggan ( Studi Kasus pada Pengguna Aplikasi Pembayaran Elektronik PT. Visionet Internasional OVO) di Palembang)
Authors: Yuliyana Yuliyana , Zamzam Fakhry , Marnisah Luis
Published: May 2020

This research is a qualitative method research, it is conducted to analyze brand awareness and customer satisfaction from one of the FINTECH OVO electronic payment application systems. In analyzing the brand awareness, there are top of mind indicators, brand recall, brand recognition, and unware brand. Meanwhile, to analyze customer satisfaction with 5 indicators namely, tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Those are analyzed by using direct interviews to customers and in analyzing companies, namely PT. International Visionet uses SWOT analysis and SWOT matrix. In this research, there were 100 samples, with the location of the distribution of questionnaires dissemination in several locations of shopping centers, offices and universities in Palembang city. Based on the results of interviews with OVO customers, the results on brand awareness and customer satisfaction were divided into several groups, namely from the grouping of respondents by age, occupation, education address and gender. In the brand awareness variable, 70% of customers were aware of the product in terms of top of mind indicators, 77.25% brand recall, 93% brand recognition and 73.5% unware brand. Meanwhile, for the customer satisfaction variable the results obtained were tangibles 83%, reliability 95.75%, responsiveness 74.5%, assurance 94% and empaty 55%. For the analysis at PT. Visionet International, the results of a SWOT analysis using the SWOT matrix and Cartesian diagrams, the results of the analysis showed that an X axis was 0.8 and a Y axis was 0.7. Therefore, based on the research findings, it showed that the strategy which must be done by the company was to use the company's strength strategy and to take advantage of opportunities that exist in the company.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Profitabilitas terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2013-2017)
Authors: Marisa Dita , Romli Harsi , Marnisah Luis
Published: May 2020

Penelitian Ini Dilakukan Pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Makanan Dan  Minuman Yang Terdaftar Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2013 – 2017. Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Untuk Mengetahui (1) Pengaruh Debt To Equity Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham (2) Pengaruh Return On Asset Terhadap Harga Saham (3) Pengaruh Earning Per Share Terhadap Harga Saham Dan (4) Pengaruh Debt To Equity Ratio, Return On Asset, Earning Per Share Secara Simultan Terhadap Harga Saham. Metode Penelitian Yang Digunakan Dalam Penelitian Ini Adalah Pendekatan Kuantitatif. Teknik Sampling Yang Digunakan Pada Penelitian Ini Ditentukan Dengan Metode Purposive Sampling Dengan Sampel 10 Perusahaan. Metode Analisis Data Dalam Penelitian Ini Yaitu Analisis Regresi Berganda Dan Uji Asumsi Klasik Yang Terdiri Dari Uji Normalitas, Uji Multikoleniaritas, Uji Heteroskedasitas, Uji Autokorelasi, Uji T, Uji F Dan Uji Koefisien Determinasi.  Hasil Penelitian Menunjukkan (1) Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) Berpengaruh Negatif Dan Signifikan Terhadap Harga Saham, (2) ROA Tidak Berpengaruh Secara Signifikan Terhadap Harga Saham, (3) EPS Berpengaruh Positif Dan Signifikan Terhadap Harga Saham. DER, ROA, EPS Berpengaruh Secara Simultan Terhadap Harga Saham. Hasil Uji Koefisien Determinasi Diperoleh R2 Sebesar 0,896 Atau 89,6% Yang Berarti Bahwa Kemampuan Variabel Debt To Equity, Return On Asset Dan Earning Per Share Dalam Menjelaskan Variabel Harga Saham Sebesar 89,6% Sementara Sisanya 10,4% Dijelaskan Oleh Faktor-Faktor Lain Yang Tidak Dimasukkan Dalam Penelitian.
DE VOLTA A KANT? A FENOMENOLOGIA TRANSCENDENTAL TARDIA DE FICHTE
Authors: BINKELMANN Christoph
Published: May 2020

Na literatura secundária sobre a obra tardia de Johann Gottlieb Fichte, pelo menos não é incomum atribuir ao Fichte dessa fase um retorno a Immanuel Kant.1 Como um filho que se perdeu pela metafísica, envolvido em mística e filosofia realista da vida ou do ser, o Fichte discípulo retorna aos braços confiáveis da filosofia transcendental kantiana, à qual ele na verdade desde sempre se filiou. Um intérprete dessa linha de pensamento fichteana tem seguramente boas intenções, pois a comprovação de um retorno a Kant garante a Fichte o ingresso na comunidade de autores que despertam interesse em nosso presente: o contínuo desprezo da filosofia analítica pelo idealismo alemão – embora de forma mitigada e com exceções generosas – atinge Fichte de modo mais veemente quando ele não se mantém nos domínios do reino da filosofia kantiana. Mas como seu fomentador e investigador, ele goza de certa consideração. Portanto, demonstrar uma aproximação do Fichte tardio a Kant também significa conferir a ele uma justificação de existência na azáfama atual da pesquisa – afinal, a pesquisa filosófica jamais se dissocia inteiramente de reflexões estratégicas.
LIBERDADE COMO PRINCÍPIO POLÍTICO: OS PRIMEIROS PRONUNCIAMENTOS DE KANT E FICHTE SOBRE A REVOLUÇÃO
Authors: TREDANARO Emanuele
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho pretendemos apresentar algumas observações acerca dos desdobramentos que o debate sobre a Revolução francesa assume na Alemanha, de maneira particular, através dos posicionamentos de Kant e Fichte em 1793. Proporemos, em primeiro lugar, uma rápida contextualização histórica, para depois esboçarmos as teses a nosso ver mais significativas de Achenwall, Burke e Rehberg, todas girando em torno do eixo da centralidade da experiência para a teoria e prática políticas. Em diálogo com eles, tentaremos mostrar como se articula o pensamento de Fichte sobre a revolução, notadamente na Zurückforderung der Denkfreiheit e no primeiro Beitrag über die französische Revolution, em que a concepção da lei moral como liberdade ilimitada desempenha papel fundamental. A partir daí, por meio da diferente ênfase posta por Kant na lei moral, indicaremos o momento teórico em que este, em Über den Gemeinspruch: Das mag in der Theorie richtig sein, taugt aber nicht für die Praxis, se afasta de Fichte, com o qual são, em certa medida, compartilhadas as premissas, mas não as conclusões. Veremos que nesse sentido serão derelevância central os conceitos de direito e contrato.
FICHTE EM DEBATE COM SCHILLER ACERCA DA HERANÇA DA CRITICA DO JUÍZO
Authors: CECCHINATO Giorgia
Published: May 2020

No verão de 1795, Fichte enviou para a revista As Horas (Die Horen) a primeira parte de um texto intitulado Sobre o espírito e a letra na filosofia - Numa serie de cartas1. Neste escrito ele retomava e articulava em maneira original alguns dos temas fundamentais das suas preleções Sobre a diferença entre o espírito e a letra na filosofia, que pertenciam ao ciclo mais amplo de preleções intitulado De officiis eruditorum de 1794/95. Schiller, editor da revista Die Horen, recusou a publicação do manuscrito e explicou os motivos desta escolha numa carta. Ele declarou-se insatisfeito tanto com a forma inadequada e confusa, quanto com o conteúdo, ao ver dele, demasiado abstrato e não correspondente ao título. Pois Fichte tinha anunciado um escrito sobre o espírito e letra na filosofia e no manuscrito, ao invés, fala principalmente do espírito na arte2. A dureza das palavras de Schiller é tanto mais surpreendente considerado o tamanho da admiração deste por Fichte. Schiller, pois, assistiu entusiasta as preleções do ciclo De officiis eruditorum no verão 1794 e retomou alguns dos conceitos fundamentais da filosofia de Fichte e elaborando-os posteriormente nas cartas sobre A educação estética do homem 3.
POR QUE REJEITOU KANT EXPLICAÇÕES FISIOLÓGICAS NA SUA ANTROPOLOGIA?
Authors: STURM Thomas
Published: May 2020

Um dos princípios centrais de Kant com respeito às ciências humanas é a pretensão de que não se pode, e não se deve usar um vocabulário fisiológico ao estudar cognições, sentimentos, desejos e acções humanas do ponto de vista da sua antropologia «pragmática». A pretensão é bem conhecida, mas os argumentos que sobre ela Kant apresenta não foram ainda devidamente discutidos. Eu arguo contra interpretações erróneas desta pretensão, e apresento as razões de Kant em favor dela. Os críticos contemporâneos de uma «antropologia fisiológica» rejeitam explicações fisiológicas de estados mentais como mais ou menos epistemologicamente dúbias. Kant não favorece tais pretensões de ignorância – e ainda bem que o faz, pois nenhuma destas pretensões era à altura suficientemente justificada. Ao invés, ele desenvolve uma original tese de irrelevância com respeito ao conhecimento empírico da base fisiológica da mente. Os seus argumentos em favor desta pretensão derivam da sua original e, até agora, pouco compreendida crítica de uma certa concepção de história pragmática, a qual está relacionada com as suas visões antropológicas com respeito à nossa capacidade de criar novas regras de acção, com a dinâmica social da acção humana e a relativa inconstância da natureza humana. A tese de irrelevância altera também as suas visões do objectivo e da metodologia da antropologia. Mediante isto, Kant argumenta em favor de uma abordagem distinta à descoberta de uma «ciência geral do homem».
PALAVRA DO EDITOR
Authors: Editorial Laboratório
Published: May 2020

Tendo em conta as comemorações pelo tricentenário da morte de Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz [nascido em Leipzig a 1o. de julho de 1646; falecido em Hannover, a 14 de novembro de 1716] e a notória importância de sua obra, em campo filosófico como científico, também para Kant, Estudos Kantianos apresenta nas páginas a seguir um fascículo inteiramente dedicado a vários dos muitos aspectos das relações entre ambos esses pensadores.
BETWEEN ‘PERCEPTION’ AND UNDERSTANDING, FROM LEIBNIZ TO KANT
Authors: TOLLEY Clinton
Published: May 2020

Much of the discussion of Kant’s account of theoretical ‘cognition [Erkenntnis]’ and ‘knowledge [Wissen]’ over the past several centuries has (understandably) focused on the nature and significance of his distinction within ‘representations [Vorstellungen]’ between ‘intuitions [Anschauungen]’ and ‘concepts [Begriffe]’, in order to specify their relevant contributions to ‘experience [Erfahrung]’ and to cognition more broadly. Recently, however, it is becoming more widely recognized that Kant’s account of theoretical cognition in general involves a much wider suite of representations than merely intuitions and concepts, and that many of these are involved in essential ways in the constitution of experience in particular. More specifically, closer attention is being paid to the distinctive role played in the constitution of experience by ‘the power of imagination [Einbildungskraft]’, ‘apprehension’, ‘perception [Wahrnehmung]’, ‘consciousness [Bewußtsein]’, ‘images [Bilder]’, ‘schemata’, and even ‘appearances [Erscheinungen]’ themselves as the immediate though undetermined ‘objects’ of intuition (cf. KrV, B 33) – as all providing their own distinct, if complementary, contributions to experience and cognition, related to but separate from those provided by intuitions and concepts themselves.1 All of these representations are singled out at key points (some even in the very section headings) in Kant’s discussion of cognition in the first Critique for the separate contribution that they make in the process of allowing cognition itself to ‘arise [entspringen]’ from the ‘unification [Vereinigung]’ of intuitions with concepts (cf. B75-6).
ENS IMAGINARIUM: KANT E WOLFF
Authors: CAMPOSAMPIERO Matteo Favaretti
Published: May 2020

No final da “Analítica transcendental”, Kant apresenta uma subdivisão do conceito de “nada”, cujo terceiro lugar fica ocupado pelo ens imaginarium, definido como “intuição vazia, sem objeto” (KrV A 292/B 348, trad. p. 274), e colocado em relação com o espaço e o tempo puros. O significado do ens imaginarium foi também recentemente objeto de controvérsias, principalmente relacionadas com a interpretação da “Estética transcendental”.2 Em contrapartida, pouca atenção tem sido dada à origem desta expressão: alguns autores mencionam fontes escolásticas e protomodernas,3 mas pouco tem sido feito, seja para reconstruir as teorias pré-kantianas do ens imaginarium, seja para avaliar a atitude de Kant no que diz respeito a elas. Além disso, o debate centrou-se principalmente sobre a mencionada passagem da primeira Crítica, deixando quase sempre na sombra as não raras ocorrências da mesma expressão em outros textos de Kant. Por isto, buscarei mostrar que o conhecimento das fontes é essencial para compreender-se corretamente a tese kantiana acerca dos entes imaginários, bem como para tornar as declarações da primeira Crítica coerentes com o que Kant escreve em outros lugares. Defenderei, por um lado, que, para Kant (como para as doutrinas tradicionais), é apenas a maneira como nós pensamos o espaço e o tempo que os torna entes imaginários. Por outro lado, mostrarei que a recuperação kantiana do conceito tradicional de ens imaginarium é acompanhada de uma rejeição da maneira pela qual este conceito foi definido por Wolff; e isto porque, do ponto de vista da “Estética transcendental”, as teses wolffianas sobre o papel da imaginação na representação do espaço e do tempo tornaram-se inaceitáveis.