bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidative leaching of rhenium from grinding waste of rhenium-containing superalloys
Authors: Targanov I. E. , Solodovnikov M. A. , Troshkina I. D.
Published: October 2023

The study investigated the feasibility of oxidative leaching rhenium in the presence of hydrochloric acid from machining waste (grinding waste) derived from products made of ZhS-32VI, a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy containing rhenium. This was achieved through agitation leaching process. The grinding waste fraction size of –0.071 mm, which accounted for the highest yield (49.2 wt.%), was utilized in the experiments. The rhenium leaching process was conducted in two variations: in the first option, grinding waste was mixed with a hydrochloric acid solution at ~100 °C, followed by the addition of hydrogen peroxide to the leaching solution after it had cooled; in the second option, leaching was performed using a hydrochloric acid solution with the gradual addition of hydrogen peroxide solution. The highest degree of rhenium leaching (91.0 %) was achieved in the first option. In this case, the initial concentration of hydrochloric acid was 8 M, and the molar ratio of the added reagents was ν(HCl): ν(H2O2) = 2.7 : 1.0. The kinetics of nickel leaching using a 6 M hydrochloric acid solution at 70 °C, with a solid-to-liquid phase ratio of 1 g : 50 ml, was also examined. The analysis of the kinetic data, processed using the “contracting sphere,” Ginstling–Brounshtein, and Kazeev–Erofeev models, indicates that the nickel leaching process occurs within the kinetic region. Additionally, the kinetics of rhenium leaching from the solid residue obtained after the hydrochloric acid leaching of nickel from grinding waste was investigated. Employing the same kinetic models to analyze the data, it was determined that the limiting stage of this process involves the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide within the rhenium-containing solid residue.
Influence of various titanium-containing additives on the modification efficiency of aluminum–silicon eutectic alloy
Authors: Shlyaptseva A. D. , Petrov I. A. , Ryakhovskiy A. P.
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the impact of titanium addition to the eutectic silumin AK12 melt, considering various methods of addition. The research results encompass the sole introduction of titanium (at a calculated amount of 0.1 wt.%) through different forms/methods, such as the Al–4%Ti ligature, TiO2 oxide, K2TiF6 salt, and Ti sponge. Additionally, the study explores the combined addition of titanium and a standard flux (comprising 62.5 % NaCl + 12.5 % KCl + 25 % NaF). The research involved qualitative and quantitative analyses of macro- and microstructures, spectral analysis data, and mechanical properties (tensile strength and relative elongation) of the alloys. The findings highlight that titanium has a positive influence on the structure of eutectic silumin, with the most effective results achieved when combined with the standard flux. However, the efficiency of silumin modification with titanium varies depending on the method of addition. Specifically, the introduction of titanium in the form of K2TiF6 fluoride salt, Al–4%Ti ligature, and titanium sponge positively affected macro grain refinement, reduced the spacing between the secondary dendrite arms of the solid solution (α-Al), and enhanced the dispersion of eutectic silicon. The most promising approach for complex silumin modification involves the joint introduction of titanium-containing substances and a sodium salt-based flux. This combination has a multifaceted impact on the silumin structure, leading to the simultaneous modification of various structural components in aluminum–silicon alloys. Depending on the type of titanium-containing substance, when processed alongside flux, the alloy achieves a relative elongation ranging from 9.7 % to 11.1 %, exceeding the same parameter for the unmodified alloy by more than 4 times and surpassing the sodium-modified alloy's relative elongation by 17–37 %. Furthermore, the ultimate strength reaches levels of 171–193 MPa, representing a 22–38 % improvement compared to the unmodified alloy and a 7–21 % increase compared to the sodium-modified alloy.
Utilizing Russian polymer anion active depressants in the flotation of out-of-balance talcose copper nickel ore
Authors: Lavrinenko A. A. , Kuznetsova I. N. , Lusinyan O. G. , Golberg G. Yu.
Published: October 2023

Experimental studies were conducted on the flotation of low-sulfide copper-nickel ore containing flotation-active magnesium silicates, specifically talc, using organic polymeric anionic reagents containing carboxyl and hydroxyl groups as depressants. The following reagents, which contain carboxyl groups, were examined: carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethylated starch; polyacrylic acid and its derivatives; sodium humate. Copolymers of ethylene oxide with ethylenediamine and glycerol containing hydroxyl groups were also investigated. The objective of this study was to identify new efficient domestic depressants for flotation-active silicates, selectively acting in the flotation of low-sulfide copper-nickel ore, in comparison with the performance of foreign Depramin 347 depressant. The impact of depressant reagents on the surface properties of talc was determined by the values of air bubble detachment force and electrokinetic potential. It was observed that for reagents containing carboxyl groups, the depressing effectiveness decreased in the following order: carboxymethyl cellulose → carboxymethylated starch → polyacrylic acid → sodium humate. This reduction was attributed to a decrease in the acidic properties of the reagents, a decline in their adsorption affinity for talc, and a decrease in the proportion of active carboxyl groups participating in the formation of the electrokinetic potential. Furthermore, a trend towards increased depressing ability was noted for carboxymethyl cellulose samples with an increasing degree of substitution. In contrast, reagents containing hydroxyl groups had virtually no depressing effect on talc. The data obtained support the use of domestic industrial samples of carboxymethyl cellulose, namely CMC 7N and PAC-N, as depressants for floating silicates, particularly talc, which is a detrimental impurity in the concentrate.
Investigation into the impact of phase composition on the thermal expansion and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Li alloys
Authors: Ashmarin A. A. , Gordeeva M. I. , Betsofen S. Ya. , Lozovan A. A. , Wu R. , Alexandrova S. S. , Selivanov A. A. , Bykadorov A. N. , Prokopenko D. A.
Published: October 2023

The study employed high-temperature X-ray diffraction, quantitative phase analysis, and tensile mechanical property measurements to investigate the relationship between coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and phase composition, along with the average yield strengths and Young's moduli of Al–Cu–Li alloys in three different sheet orientations: 1441, V-1461, V-1469, V-1480, and V-1481. The copper content within the solid solution and the mass fractions of the T1(Al2CuLi) and δ′(Al3Li) phases were determined using an innovative technique based on measuring the lattice distance of the α solid solution, Vegard's law, and balance equations for the elemental and phase compositions of the alloys. It was observed that as the lithium-to-copper ratio in the alloys increased from 0.32 to 1.12, the proportion of the δ′(Al3Li) phase increases from 6.3–8.4 wt.% in V-1481, V-1480 and V-1469 alloys to 16.0–17.3 wt.% in 1441 and V-1461 alloys, accompanied by a decrease in the T1(Al2CuLi) phase from 5 to 1 wt.%. This led to an increase in the Young's modulus from 75 to 77 GPa due to higher overall proportion of intermetallic compounds and a reduction in yield strength from 509 to 367 MPa due to the decrease in the T1 phase. This decrease in yield strength resulted from the fact that the hardening effect of the T1 phase was 3–4 times greater than that of the δ′ phase, and this couldn't be offset by an increase in the total intermetallic compound proportion. The observed increase in Young's modulus indicated that the elastic properties of the intermetallic phases were similar, and the rise in the total fraction of intermetallic compounds compensated for the decrease in the T1 phase. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that СTE, as measured based on the thermal expansion of the solid solution, also depended on the characteristics of the intermetallic phases present in the alloy. This expanded the potential interpretations of СTE measurement results.
Electron-ion-plasma surface modification of hypereutectic silumin
Authors: Shliarova Yu. A. , Shlyarov V. V. , Zaguliaev D. V. , Ivanov Yu. F. , Gromov V. E.
Published: October 2023

In this study, an integrated treatment approach was employed to modify hypereutectic silumin. This method involved electroexplosive alloying of the surface layer with yttrium oxide powder, followed by irradiation with a pulsed electron beam. The experimental data obtained demonstrate that this integrated treatment results in the formation of a submicron-nanocrystalline structure characterized by high-speed cellular crystallization of aluminum within the surface layer. This structure is composed of crystallization cells enriched with aluminum atoms, indicating the creation of a solid solution based on aluminum. The nanocrystalline layers, formed by silicon particles and yttrium oxide, are positioned at the cell boundaries. The study reveals that, as a consequence of integrated treatment with an electron beam energy density of 25 J/cm2 , the wear parameter of the modified samples increases by 7.9±0.6-fold, and the friction coefficient decreases by 1.7±0.15-fold compared to the initial state. Additionally, the microhardness of the modified silumin surface layer increases by 1.5±0.12-fold compared to the initial state. When the electron beam energy density is elevated to 35 J/cm2, the wear parameter of silumin is enhanced by 2.1±0.21-fold, while the friction coefficient increases by 1.13±0.1-fold. However, the microhardness decreases by 1.3±0.13-fold, while still surpassing the specified characteristics of untreated silumin. This investigation postulates that the substantial increase in the wear parameter during integrated treatment may be attributed to the presence of silicon inclusions in the surface layer that did not dissolve during the modification process. These inclusions are surrounded by the high-speed cellular crystallization structure mentioned earlier.
ЦЕННОСТЬ ЗДОРОВЬЯ В ПОСТПАНДЕМИЧЕСКОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ РОССИЙСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ФИЛОСОФСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ
Authors: Лукьяшко Алена Геннадиевна
Published: October 2023

Цель исследования заключается в социально-философском осмыслении последствий пандемии в ценностной трансформации такого базового для функционирования общества феномена, как здоровье.

Методологические основания исследования. В статье с позиций реалий цифровизации и масштабных последствий пандемии коронавируса осмысливаются перспективы построения социально-философской концепции здоровья и изменения ее ценностных оснований. При этом используются идеи и позиции, сложившиеся в феноменологической философской традиции, в философской аксиологии, философской онтологии, философии жизни.

Результаты исследования. В ходе исследования обоснована необходимость в разработке социально-философской концепции здоровья для изучения ценности здоровья в обществе, находящемся в стадии парадигмального перехода в результате пандемии коронавируса и ценностно-смысловой перезагрузки на уровне массового и индивидуального сознания. Сложившиеся в философии концепции и парадигмы здоровья позволяют создать концептуальную платформу для дальнейшего развития этого научного направления и определения перспективных способов решения актуальных для современного общества задач.

Перспективы исследования связаны с разработкой концептуальной модели социально-философского исследования ценности здоровья в российском обществе в условиях постпандемической реальности и рекомендаций в области повышения этой жизненно важной ценности с учетом социокультурных и исторический реалий.
Validating the Cisneros self-test on bullying in Dominican students
Authors: Tomás Jose M. , Córdoba Ana I , Sancho Patricia , Suero-Maloney Carlos , Esnaola Igor , Jiménez Hernández David
Published: October 2023

Bullying is a relevant concept in education, composed by different dimensions and it is significantly associated to other variables. Therefore, there is a need for an instrument which can analyze the level of bullying as a single dimension, as the Cisneros Self-test on Bullying (Oñate & Piñuel, 2005). This instrument analyzes the intensity of bullying and to value its relevance on the different variables mentioned above. Our main goal was to validate this instrument in 531 Dominican secondary students. To validate it, we utilized two instruments: the Emotional Instability Scale (Caprara & Pastorelli, 1993) and the Prosocial Conduct Questionnaire (Caprara & Pastorelli, 1993). Several competitive structural models were estimated, and results supported thereliability and validity of this instrument. Therefore, we can conclude that the Cisneros’s scale is a good instrument to measure global bullying. We highlight its influence on future interventions considering the relevance that bullying has on many other variables as aggressiveness, prosocial behavior or suicide ideation.
Fraction Division Representation-Experience in a Teacher Education Course Focused on the Reference Unit
Authors: Faria Barcelos Gibim Gabriela , Rifo Laura , Climent Nuria , Ribeiro Miguel
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the knowledge revealed and developed by Elementary Mathematics teachers, in a teacher education course related to the representation of fraction division and the flexibility of the reference unit. The teachers solved a task aimed at mobilizing (and accessing) their knowledge related to their approaches to the sense of division, representation, and reference unit regarding fraction division. The results suggest that teachers face challenges when representing and justifying fraction divisions using pictorial models, especially when the divisor is a non-unit fraction. This is based in a gap regarding the flexibility of the reference unit to which the numbers refer in their representations, as well as a challenge concerning the sense of fraction division and the different forms of representation. With this research we intend to contribute to reducing the scarcity of empirical studies in the area and the importance of this specialized teachers’ knowledge to deal with this topic.
Review Presentation of Different Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Models and Their Application
Authors: Ritu Khanna  , K.A. Patel  , Patel Nirmal Rajnikant
Published: October 2023

In the context of inventory management, this review presentation offers a thorough overview of several Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) models and their real-world uses. It explores the fundamental EOQ model and broadens to incorporate models that account for perishable items, quantity discounts, and scarcity prices. The talk also looks at the many sectors in which these models are used to optimize order amounts, save costs, and improve operational efficiency. Businesses may improve their inventory control strategies, realize considerable cost savings, and increase performance by making educated decisions based on a thorough grasp of the various EOQ models and their practical implementations.
A Survey on Prevalence of Respiratory Tract Infections in Paediatrics
Authors: G. Bhagya Buela  , Ugandar.R. E  , Manasa P  , Sasikala Chinnappan  , Kiran.C. Nilugal  , V.Ramanarayana Reddy  , S. Jagadish
Published: October 2023

The study includes a survey on various Respiratory Tract Infections emerging among pediatrics of age groups ranging from 1 month to 12 years, at various Hospitals in and around the Nandyal region of Andhra Pradesh, India. The study was conducted with a questionnaire-based survey with informed assent forms from the parents of the 144 minor male and female subjects, 44.4% and 55.6% respectively among each gender. Among the study subjects, 75% were from urban regions and 25% were from rural regions. Results revealed upper Respiratory Tract Infections of which 30.6% of subjects were infected with Otitis media, 11.1% were infected with Sinusitis, and 2.7% were diagnosed with Tonsillitis. The lower Respiratory Tract Infections of which 30.6% of subjects were infected with Pneumonia, 11.1% were infected, and 11.1% were infected with Tuberculosis. Disorders related to Shortness of Breath were Bronchitis observed among 33.3% with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnoea, 22.2% with Dyspnoea, and 11.1% were infected with Orthopnea. Among the study population, 52.8% reported experiencing with history of respiratory tract illness, and 50% of the subject's family members with positive history of RTI.
Applying decision tree algorithms to early differential diagnosis between different clinical forms of acute Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis
Authors: Ilyinskikh Ekaterina N. , Filatova Evgenia N. , Samoylov Kirill V. , Semenova Alina V. , Axyonov Sergey V.
Published: October 2023

Background: Tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis are the most common natural focal infections in Russia often arising as a mixed infection, which is often clinically difficult to distinguish from a monoinfection at the onset of the disease that is a result of delayed laboratory verification of the diagnosis and it requires further searching for fundamentally new approaches to the issue of early differential diagnosis of tick-borne infections.Aims: is to develop decision tree algorithms for early differential diagnosis between the mono- and mixed forms of acute Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis with prevailing febrile syndrome in clinical picture based on clinical and laboratory data.Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 55 clinical and laboratory parameters obtained from 291 hospitalized tick-borne infections patients with or without erythema migrans at the site of ixodid tick bites in the first week of the disease, who were included in the single-center study from 2010 to 2023. In 211 patients without erythema, the analysis was carried out between three classes depending on the diagnosis: the mixed infection of non-erythematous Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis, the mono-infection of non-erythematous Lyme borreliosis or the monoinfection of tick-borne encephalitis. The other two classes, which included 80 patients with erythema, had the mixed infection of acute erythematous Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis or erythematous Lyme borreliosis monoinfection. Python programming language was applied to develop two decision tree models. Feature importance was assessed for all predictors. Each patient class was randomly divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) datasets. Accuracy evaluation of the models was based on ROC analysis.Results: The decision tree algorithm for early differential diagnosis among the tick-borne infection patients without erythema migrans included the following most important predictors: maximal fever rise, chills, neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio, ESR, absolute number of reactive lymphocytes and immature granulocytes, and percentage of eosinophils. The model for differential diagnosis between the patients with erythema migrans included the following predictors: maximal fever rise, the absolute number of reactive lymphocytes and immature granulocytes, and the percentage of basophils. Both decision tree models showed excellent predictive values based on sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, and F1 scores, as well as areas under the ROC curve, which were higher than 0.90.Conclusions: Based on clinical and laboratory parameters, two decision tree models with high sensitivity have been developed, which can be easily applied in clinical practice for early differential diagnosis of the tick-borne infections with prevailing fever syndrome.
The Seismic Record of Wind in Alaska
Authors: Quigley Cade A. , West Michael E.
Published: October 2023

Seismic data contains a continuous record of wind influenced by different factors across the frequency spectrum. To assess the influences of wind on ground motion, we use colocated wind and seismic data from 110 stations in the Alaska component of the EarthScope Transportable Array. We compare seismic probability power spectral densities and wind speed and direction during 2018 to develop a quantitative measure of the seismic sensitivity to wind. We observe a pronounced increase in seismic energy as a function of wind speed for almost all stations. At frequencies below the microseism band, our observations agree with previous authors in finding that sensor emplacement and ground materials are important, and that much of the wind influence likely comes from associated changes in barometric pressure. Wind has the least influence in the microseism band, but that is only because its contribution to noise is much smaller than the ubiquitous microseism background. At frequencies above the microseism band, we find that wind sensitivity is correlated with land cover type, increasing with vegetation height. This sensitivity varies seasonally, which we attribute to snow insulation, the burial of vegetation and objects around the station, and potentially the role of frozen ground. Wind direction also manifests in seismic data, which we attribute to turbulent air on the lee side of station huts coupling with the ground and the seismometer borehole cap. We find some dependence on bedrock type, with a greater seismic response in unconsolidated sediment. These results provide guidance on site selection and construction, and make it possible to forecast seismic network performance under different wind conditions. When we examine the factors at work in a warming climate, we find reason to anticipate increasing seismic noise from wind in the Arctic over the decades to come.
Seismic T Phases in the Western-Central Mediterranean: Source of Seismic Hazard?
Authors: De Caro Mariagrazia , Montuori Caterina , Frugoni Francesco , Monna Stephen , Giuntini Alessandra
Published: October 2023

The Algerian offshore earthquake of 18 March 2021, Mw 6.0, was felt by people in various Italian regions, also at large epicentral distance. This unusual human perception far from the source prompted us to analyze the waveforms recorded by land seismic stations installed along the Iberian, French, and Italian coasts. On some seismograms of the selected network, prominent T phases are detected. T waves can travel in the SOund Fixing And Ranging (SOFAR) channel over great distances (thousands of kilometers) with little loss in signal strength and be recorded by near-coastal seismometers after the P (primary) and S (secondary) phases (hence T or tertiary phases). To explain the subjective perception of ground shaking with quantities that are measured on the seismogram, we estimated the empirical macroseismic intensities for both body and T phases and we calculated the body-wave seismic attenuation. The P-wave anelastic attenuation analysis shows two main wave propagation patterns that reflect lithosphere heterogeneity of the Algerian, Liguro-Provençal, and Tyrrhenian basins. We find that in some cases, in particular along the Italian and French coasts, the largest ground shaking is caused by the T phase. Our observations confirm that the central-western Mediterranean Sea is a favorable site for T-wave propagation and suggest that the T phases should be taken into account in ground-shaking hazard assessment for the central-western Mediterranean.
“Did You Feel It 50 Years Ago?” The 1969 Mw 7.8 Cape Saint Vincent Earthquake
Authors: Marreiros Célia , Alves Paulo M. , Custódio Susana , Oliveira Carlos S. , Carrilho Fernando
Published: October 2023

On 28 February 1969, an Mw 7.8 earthquake occurred 180 km southwest of Cape Saint Vincent, Portugal. The earthquake was widely felt in mainland Portugal, Madeira Island, Spain, Morocco, and even as far as Andorra and France, reaching a maximum intensity of VIII in the south of Portugal. In 2019, on the 50th anniversary of the earthquake, there was launched online an international “Did You Feel It 50 Years Ago?” (DYFI-50y) survey, published in several languages, for citizens to report the observed effects of the earthquake. This initiative had two main purposes: first, to collect and preserve community observations of the earthquake; and second, to test the online implementation of the DYFI questionnaire at Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera for a damaging event. The DYFI-50y questionnaire was disseminated widely in the media, and a school project was launched for school-age children to collect reports from grandparents or other close elders. In total, more than 3000 reports were collected, a number that is close to the number of reports received for a recent M 6 earthquake in 2009. The collected community reports provide good coverage of mainland Portugal, particularly in Lisbon and Porto’s densely populated urban centers. In low-population areas, the limited results do not allow for robust statistics, and variability becomes significant. The distribution of intensities obtained shows a generally good agreement with other sources, indicating that the community reports are reliable and complement existing intensity maps for this earthquake, further clarifying some of the observed patterns. It was concluded that an online questionnaire is an efficient tool for gathering data several years after the earthquake.
Türkiye Cumhuriyet Tarihinde Vergi Canlılığı Analizi (1924 – 2022)
Authors: ÇAŞKURLU Eren
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada Türkiye Cumhuriyet tarihi çerçevesinde 1924 – 2022 yıl aralığında yıllık veriler kullanılarak iradi (ihtiyari) vergi politika düzenlemelerinin milli geliri etkileme durumunu ifade eden vergi canlılığı analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz iki kısımda ele alınmıştır. İlk kısım, seçilmiş bazı ekonomik parametrelerin vergi canlılığına etkisini içermektedir. Söz konusu etki analizi, veri tutarlılığı ve model ölçüm gücünün artırılması için ellişer yıllık periyotlar halinde yapılmıştır. Analizin ikinci kısmında ise 1923 yılından günümüze vergi uygulamasında ihtiyari politikalar dikkate alınarak bunların vergi canlılığı üzerindeki etkileri test edilmiştir. Analizlerde ARDL Sınır Testi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analizlerin sonuçlarına göre; ilk dönemde büyüme ve kamu harcamalarının pozitif ve yatırımların negatif ve ikinci dönem ise kamu harcamaları, ithalat ve yatırımların vergi canlılığı üzerinde pozitif etkisi bulgulanmıştır. Büyüme ikinci dönem vergi canlılığını negatif etkilemiştir. İlk dönem büyümenin ikinci dönem ise ithalatın açıklama gücü daha fazladır. İkinci dönem vergi canlılığını pozitif etkilese de ithalatın finansmanında dış kaynak kullanma gereksinimi ve söz konusu faaliyetlerin devam riskinin toplam etkiyi olumsuza çevirebileceği düşüncesi oluşmaktadır.
Türkiye'de Almanca Konuşan Göçmen Profesörlerin Eğitim Gelişimi Girişimleri
Authors: ELÇİ Alev , KADERCAN Pelin
Published: October 2023

Yükseköğretim bağlamında eğitim gelişimi, öğretme ve öğrenmenin genel etkinliğini ve kalitesini artıran bir alandır. Türkiye'de yükseköğretim sistemini dönüştürmek amacıyla Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün liderliğinde tam donanımlı bir modernleşme yaşandığı bir süreçte, Türk hükümeti siyasi nedenlerle ülkelerinden kaçan Almanca konuşan akademisyenleri ve bilim adamlarını davet etti. O dönemde yapılan Üniversite Reformu sıklıkla tarihsel bir perspektiften incelenmiş, ancak özellikle eğitim gelişimi alanı çok ele alınmamıştır. Bu çalışma, 1923-1946 yılları arasında Türkiye’de yükseköğretimde Almanca konuşan göçmen profesörlerin eğitim gelişimi girişimlerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sistematik derleme araştırma metodolojisi kullanılarak, eğitim gelişimi yöntemlerinin ve etkinliklerinin farklı yaklaşım ve türlerini araştırmak için Üniversite Reformu sürecinde gerçekleştirilen çalışmaları içeren yayınlar incelendi. Profesörlere Türkçe öğrenmeleri, derslerini Türkçe öğretmeleri ve bilgilerini öğretim elemanlarına aktarma ve onlarla paylaşmaları konusunda tam sorumluluk sahibi olmaları için katı bir zaman çerçevesi verildi. Bu çabalar, Türkiye'de öğretim elemanı gelişiminde uzun vadeli sürekliliğin temellerinin oluşturulmasına yardımcı oldu. Bu gelişmelerin her iki taraf için de her zaman sorunsuz bir geçiş olmadığı söylenebilir, ancak hem yeni gelenler hem diğer Türk öğretim üyeleri için eğitim gelişimi açısından oldukça faydalı olduğu ortaya çıktı. Bulgular, erken Cumhuriyet döneminde yükseköğretim sistemi üzerinde çok büyük bir etki yaratan altı eğitim gelişimi alanının mevcut olduğunu gösterdi: öğretme ve öğrenme bilimi; yeni öğretim elemanlarının gelişimi (işe alınması) ve tutulması; bilimsel yazılar, kütüphaneler ve yayınlar; mentorluk; toplum hizmetleri; ve fakülte öğrenme toplulukları.
Cumhuriyet Döneminde Muhasebe Eğitimindeki Gelişmelerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KAYA Ergün
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 100 yıllık geçmişinde muhasebe lisans eğitiminde yaşanan gelişmeleri değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada şu sorulara yanıt aranmaktadır: “Cumhuriyetin farklı dönemlerinde kurulan üniversitelerde muhasebe eğitiminin durumu nasıldır? Mevcut lisans programlarındaki dersler ile muhasebe mesleği giriş sınavlarındaki konular arasında nasıl bir ilişki vardır?” Makalede nitel araştırma türü olan arşiv-doküman tarama yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Dokümanlar, nitel araştırmalarda etkili bir şekilde kullanılması gereken önemli bilgi kaynaklarıdır. Cumhuriyet dönemindeki muhasebe eğitimi, farklı olgu ve etkenlere göre dört bölümde ele alınmıştır. Türkiye’deki üniversitelerde yer alan işletme ve muhasebe lisans programlarında verilen muhasebe dersleri taranmıştır. YÖK-Atlas ve üniversite web sayfalarından, 44 üniversitenin 52 akademik biriminde yürütülen 70 lisans programı (44 işletme, 15 muhasebe ve finans yönetimi, 11 diğer) hakkında elde edilen bilgiler, devlet ve vakıf üniversiteleri ile açık öğretim programları bakımından ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, günümüzde her alanda yaşanan dijital dönüşüm ve davranışsal değişim zorunluluğu ile yaşam boyu öğrenme gereksinimi dikkate alınarak, mesleki uygulamalar, eğitim yöntem ve süreçleri ile kurumsal yapı gibi çeşitli yönleriyle değerlendirilmektedir. Sonuçta Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ikinci yüzyılında muhasebe eğitiminden beklentilerin karşılanması amacıyla, yapılabilecek iyileştirmelere katkı sağlaması beklenen öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Yapay Zekâ Yoluyla Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Film Afişlerinin Yeniden Yorumlanması: İstanbul Sokaklarında Film Afişi Üzerine Bir Deneme
Authors: CEMİLOĞLU Meltem , ÜNALAN Turgay
Published: October 2023

1923 yılında Cumhuriyetin kurulmasıyla birlikte film afişleri, filmlerin tanıtımında önemli bir rol oynamış ve Türk film endüstrisinin büyümesine katkı sağlamıştır. Afişler, filmlerin tanıtımında önemli bir araç olarak işlev görür ve bu bağlamda bir filmin başarısındaki rolü yadsınamaz. Film endüstrisi büyüdükçe, filmlerin reklamının ve tanıtımının önemi de artmıştır; sinema afişleri yapım teknikleri ve görsel içerik açısından daha sofistike hale gelmiştir. Sinema tarihinin ilk dönemlerinde film afişlerinin tasarımı geleneksel yöntemlerle gerçekleştirilirken, teknolojik ilerlemelere bağlı olarak zamanla bilgisayar destekli tasarım yöntemleri benimsenmiştir. Türk sinema tarihindeki film afişlerine bakıldığında da paralel gelişmeler gözlenir. Türk sinema tarihinin de başlangıcından bu yana, film afişlerinin tasarımı gelenekselden bilgisayar destekli tasarımlara doğru evrilmiş; yeni trendler, teknikler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma ile erken Cumhuriyet dönemi sineması (1923-1940) ve bu bağlamda film afişlerinin gündeme getirilerek tasarım ve sinemanın geleceğini oluşturacak yapay zekâ perspektifinden analiz edilmesi ile yapay zekâ algoritmaları yoluyla afiş tasarımında güncel yaklaşımların kullanım potansiyelinin ortaya konulması amaçlanır. Çalışma nitel doküman analizi yöntemiyle Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde afiş tasarımı yapılan ilk film olan İstanbul Sokaklarında (Muhsin Ertuğrul, 1931) film afişi ve aynı afişin yapay zekâ (AI) algoritmasıyla yeniden tasarlanması ve analiz edilmesiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Orijinal ve yeni tasarım afişler yapı, tasarım, mesaj ve içerik bağlamında incelenmiştir.
Health Inequalities in Latin American and the Caribbean: Child, Adolescent, Reproductive, Metabolic Syndrome and Mental Health
Authors: Bancalari Antonella , Berlinski Samuel , Buitrago Giancarlo , García María Fernanda , Mata Dolores de la , Vera-Hernández Marcos
Published: October 2023

Health constitutes a fundamental aspect of our well-being. It is also a key factor in determining our contribution to market and non-market output. Health inequality refers to the unequal realization of health outcomes between different groups in the population. Systematic disparities in health outcomes and in access to health resources not only undermine basic principles of fairness and social justice but also contributes towards perpetuating poverty and disadvantage. In this chapter, we start by presenting evidence on how the burden of disease in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has changed during the last 30 years. Consistent with the fall in fertility and population aging, the region has shifted from a burden of disease dominated by maternal, neonatal, and communicable disease in the 1990s to one dominated by cardiovascular disease, cancers, diabetes, and increasingly by mental health disorders. The poorest in the region are burdened by worst access to maternal care and higher levels of infant mortality and stunting. Despite being knowledgeable about contraceptive methods, young women in Latin America and the Caribbean have very high levels of teenage pregnancy with a steep socio-economic gradient. Noncommunicable diseases also affect the poor disproportionately in many countries. Finally, mental health is a growing source of lost days of healthy living among women and the poor. Overall, our results highlight that despite the epidemiological transition which is underway, socio-economic health disparities in the LAC region are still more important on early childhood and teenagerhood than in adulthood, at least as it pertains to the outcomes analyzed in this chapter. At the same time, we show that while socio-economic inequalities in child health are smaller in the richest countries, the contrary happens with inequalities in some adult outcomes.
The Aim of the Zoning Fee – from Financing Local Plans to Claims for Damages
Authors: Buława Piotr
Published: October 2023

Instytucja opłaty planistycznej jest przedmiotem krytyki w literaturze. Postuluje się nawet jej likwidację. Przedstawione w pracy dane statyczne wskazują jednak, że opłata planistyczna
ma duży potencjał fiskalny, dlatego przed jej zlikwidowaniem uzasadnione jest podjęcie próby jej reformy. Celem pracy jest wskazanie pożądanych obszarów polityki przestrzennej,
które powinna ona finansować. Autor przedstawia trzy koncepcje tego finansowania. Utrwalonym w literaturze poglądem jest, że opłata powinna służyć finansowaniu przygotowania
i przyjęcia planów miejscowych. Zgodnie z drugim poglądem opłata ma charakter dopłaty i jej istotą jest współfinansowanie budowy infrastruktury dla nieruchomości objętych
planem miejscowym. Trzecia koncepcja wskazuje, że celem opłaty jest finansowanie roszczeń odszkodowawczych powstałych w związku ze zmniejszeniem wartości nieruchomości
w wyniku zmiany planu miejscowego. Za tą koncepcją przemawia to, że opłata planistyczna i roszczenia odszkodowawcze są uregulowane w tym samym artykule ustawy.
Ponadto w najbliższych latach w celu likwidacji skutków rozproszonej zabudowy konieczne będzie poniesienie olbrzymich odszkodowań w związku z ponownym przekształceniem
nieruchomości w działki rolne i leśne. Takie odszkodowania mogą być finansowane z opłaty planistycznej. Ponieważ przedstawiona koncepcja znajduje oparcie w wykładni systemowej
i funkcjonalnej, należy uznać ją za właściwą. Praca jest oparta na analizie tekstów prawnych, literatury prawniczej i urbanistycznej. Ponadto dokonano analizy danych statycznych dotyczących
opłaty planistycznej.
Color imaging using a system based on 3 diffractive lenses
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Stepanenko S. , Evdokimova V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Petrov M. ,   Samara National Research University, Skidanov R. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Nikonorov A. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: October 2023

The possibility of essentially reducing the weight and production cost of computer vision systems has led to the publication of a large number of research works dealing with the development of new imaging systems based on diffractive optics. This study proposes a new imaging system composed of three diffractive lenses, with each forming a separate channel of the color RGB image. This approach allows us to significantly narrow the spectral range of each lens, thus significantly reducing the image distortion caused by chromatic aberration inherent in diffractive optics. It shows that this scheme allows us to perform the neural network-aided image reconstruction, providing a significantly improved resulting image quality. The study proposes a false edge level criterion (FEL) for evaluating the neural network-aided reconstruction.
Method of multilayer object sectioning based on a light scattering model
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bazhitov S.D. , Larichev A.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   IPLIT RAS - Branch of the Federal Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Razgulin A.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Romanenko T.E. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: October 2023

We discuss a problem of reconstructing (sectioning) multilayer object images in observed images obtained by focusing the imaging system on each layer and containing spurious blurry images of neighboring layers. The blurring model used describes a physical process of incoherent light scattering in the Fresnel approximation with a priori unknown parameters of the point spread function. We propose a method of "Boundary separation" of sectioning, which combines the use of a physical blur model with modern methods of blur estimating and edge detection. The results of testing the "Boundary separation" method on the data of physical experiments with different-scale model multilayer objects are analyzed and compared with the existing methods for solving the optical sectioning problem. It is concluded that the method is most effective on multilayer objects with clearly defined boundaries, on which the method has demonstrated almost complete restoration of the desired layers.
Penza serif line: history of creation and study
Authors: Lebedeva L. V. , Stavitsky V. V.
Published: October 2023

The article is dedicated to the history of the study of the Penza fortress line, which accounts for more than two and a half centuries, but has not yet become the subject of historiographical analysis. There are three main stages can be distinguished in the study. The interest to the fortifications of the saddle line appeared in the last quarter of the XVIII century, when the information about them appeared in the notes of travelers and writers: P.S. Pallas, P.I. Sumarokov. Since the second half of the XIX century archivists and regional ethnographers began to collect archival documents on the Penza fortification line. Their efforts were aimed at localizing the earth ramparts, establishing the time of creation of military settlements, and publishing the texts of ancient acts. Along with documents, they used the data of legends and local legends. The beginning of the second stage refers to the middle of the XX century, when the studies of the Penza fortification line acquired a systematic character. V.I. Lebedev becomes its main researcher. Along with a wide use of the archival data, he turned to the field research, which allowed to fill the gaps in the documents, lost as the result of fires in the archives of the Prikaz Kazan Palace. Great work in search of the ancient acts was carried out by Penza archivists and local historians: G.V. Eremin, S.L. Shishlov and V.M. Sharakin in publication’s preparation: «The Fortress-City of Penza», by order of the Second Secretary of Penza Regional Committee of the CPSU G.V. Myasnikov. As a result of common efforts, the fortifications of the Penza Line were localized on the ground, the exact dates of their construction were established, and the composition of the servicemen was determined. The results of the research were summarized in the two editions of V.I. Lebedev’s monographs of 1986 and 2006. At present the studies of fortifications of serfdom are carried out mainly by archaeological methods, but their results are rather modest.
Derivational peculiarities of the high style vocabulary in the lyrics of I.A. Brodsky and A.A. Tarkovsky
Authors: Karpenko L. B. , Dmitrieva T. V.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the word-formation features of high style vocabulary on the material of I.A. Brodsky’s and A.A. Tarkovsky poetry. The author shows the continuity of the poetic language of Brodsky and Tarkovsky with the heritage of Pushkin, and links lexical resources used by these poets with the corpus of Slavic words in the Russian literary language. The productivity of book word-formation type of nominative and objectifical names with abstract feature with suffixes -ость/- есть, -ство/-ество, lexical apophathisms, formed by prefix-suffixal method with prefixes без- and не-; the productivity of book-poetic verbal nouns with suffixes --ениj-/-ниj-, verbal derivatives of nouns with the suffix -тель; poets’ active use of participial forms. The conclusion is made about the commonality in the representation of stylistic synthesis by I.A. Brodsky and A.A. Tarkovsky. Along with the widely represented book vocabulary, their poetry reflects common and expressive vocabulary of colloquial style. Style synthesis testifies to the syncretism of the author’s perception of reality: subjective experience is combined with collective, value beginning.
Linguocreative word-formation devices in political anthroponyms (the case of English internet memes)
Authors: Kanashina S. V.
Published: October 2023

The article looks at the linguocreative word-formation devices in political anthroponyms within the context of English internet memes. The research is relevant due to the existing necessity to thoroughly research linguistic creativity at the level of word formation in English internet communication. The methods used in the research include collecting and analysing empirical material, word formation analysis, definitional analysis, linguocreative analysis, discourse analysis, linguocultural analysis, semantic analysis. The results of the research show that such linguocreative word formation devices as the generation of linguocreative occasional telescopic lexemes derived from two derivational bases, linguocreative transformations of anthroponyms based on paronymic attraction and language game with abbreviations are widely spread in English memes. Telescopy is a word formation process which involves generating a linguocreative occasional lexeme derived from two anthroponyms. Linguocreative transformations of anthroponyms based on paronymic attraction entail the deformation of an anthroponym in order to show resemblance to a similar word for creating a pragmatic effect. Language game with abbreviations functions as a linguocreative ‘decoding’ of a political anthroponym, as a result of which the author provides the recipient with an original and usually humorous interpretation of the precedent name. According to the research, the derivatives, generated with the help of the above mentioned devices, have broad semantics, connotations and pragmatic underpinning. To conclude, English internet memes act as a platform for linguocreative word formation processes, furthermore, political anthroponyms have a strong linguocreative potential. The results obtained in the research can be successfully applied in the educational process on the theoretical level and in English language teaching.
Realization of cognitive models of situations through phraseological units in English-language articles on culture
Authors: Asabina A. A.
Published: October 2023

Currently, in the media discourse, the authors of articles actively realize their pragmatic intentions through the pragmatic potential of phraseological units. The relevance of the study can be proved due to the fact that at the moment there is no information about the components of cognitive models of situations which can be most effectively used by the authors of articles to realize their pragmatic intentions through the pragmatic potential of phraseological units in articles of certain thematic groups. The purpose of the article is to determine the components of cognitive models of situations that are actualized and brought to the fore through the pragmatics of phraseological units in the texts of the English-language media discourse on the topic «culture», the reasons for the actualization of these components of cognitive models of situations by phraseological units, as well as to establish what pragmatic goals of the authors this is due. The study was conducted on the material of media texts – the texts of articles posted on the website of The Guardian newspaper. The research used methods of discourse analysis, semiotic analysis, observation and description techniques. As a result of the analysis of the articles on the topic «culture», it was identified that in the most of the examples the components «situation» and «circumstances» of cognitive models were brought to the fore through the pragmatics of phraseological units, also there was determined the cause of this phenomenon.
Experience in the treatment and prevention of cholera in the XIX century (based on reports and publications of doctors of the Saratov province)
Authors: Varfolomeev A. Yu.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of medical practice and treatment methods used by Saratov doctors in the fight against cholera epidemics in the XIX century. The relevance of the study is determined by the increased interest of the broad strata of Russian society and representatives of government structures in the search for effective practices in the treatment and counteraction to the spread of dangerous infectious diseases (including cholera). Epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases pose a serious potential danger to human life and health, as well as create increased risk and socio-economic threats to modern humanity. These challenges actualize the appeal to the chosen topic. This article discusses a multidimensional problem concerning the methods of treatment that doctors used in the fight against the terrifying and deadliest disease of that time – cholera. This problem is considered on the example of the cholera epidemics of 1847 and 1892 and the fight against them on the territory of the Saratov Volga region. The main research perspective is focused on the analysis of archival sources identified by the author – the diaries of Saratov doctors, on the pages of which they not only presented an official report to the provincial medical board, but also shared their experience in treating cholera patients. The results of the study allow us to conclude that as a result of many years of medical practice of city and county doctors of the Saratov province, as well as generalization of empirical materials based on their diary entries, optimal solutions for the prevention and control of cholera epidemics were developed, and at the same time, general methods of treating cholera patients were gradually formed in the XIX century. not only on the territory of the Saratov Volga region, but also throughout the country.