bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pergeseran Tradisi Khitan Anak Perempuan di Kudus Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rosyid Moh
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to describe the shift in the circumcision tradition of girls in Kudus, Central Java. The focus of this shift discussion was mainly on the shift of circumcision done by Dukun Bayi (Traditional Midwife) to that done by a professional midwife, and the prevailing cultural shift is also illustrated. The data were collected through interviews with mothers of the circumcised girls through random sampling. This research is categorized as a case study. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study revealed that the tradition of girl circumcision is a result of following a tradition that has been done for ages, the understanding of fiqh experts plays a role in the circumcision of girls. As the village midwife is serving childbirth, the circumcision that was initially done by a dukun now is done by professional midwives. The dukun played as a massage therapist to mothers with old pregnancy, also to the postpartum mothers and their babies. The knowledge that girls circumcision needs to be done by medical staff (midwives) will be more optimal if the village government facilitates the role of village midwives in Kudus.

 

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pergeseran tradisi khitan anak perempuan di Kudus, Jawa Tengah. Faktor utama perubahan tersebut adalah munculnya pengkhitan bidan desaâ€”yang sebelumnya dilakukan oleh dukun bayiâ€”dan menggambarkan perubahan budayanya. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan ibu dari anak perempuan yang dikhitan secara random sampling. Riset ini kategori studi kasus, data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa tertradisinya mengkhitan akibat mengikuti tradisi, yakni pemahaman ahli fikih tentang khitan pada anak perempuan. Seiring adanya bidan desa yang melayani persalinan warga, maka pengkhitan yang semula dukun bayi ada yang dialihkan pada bidan desa. Dukun bayi diperankan sebagai tukang pijet pada ibu yang usia kandungannya menua dan memijat ibu pascamelahirkan beserta bayinya. Hal yang perlu dipahami agar mengkhitan anak perempuan dilakukan oleh tenaga medis (bidan) makin optimal bila peran bidan desa difasilitasi oleh pemerintah desa di Kudus.
Extraction and Partial Purification of Protease from Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)
Authors: Ismail Normah , Mohamad Kharoe Nur' Ain
Published: May 2020

Unripe and ripe bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) were ground and the extracted juices were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation at the concentrations of 40 and 60% (w/v). The collected proteases were analysed for pH, temperature stability, storage stability, molecular weight distribution, protein concentration and protein content. Protein content of bilimbi fruit was 0.89 g. Protease activity of both the unripe and ripe fruit were optimum at pH 4 and 40°C when the juice were purified at 40 and 60% ammonium sulfate precipitation. A decreased in protease activity was observed during the seven days of storage at 4°C. Molecular weight distribution indicated that the proteases protein bands fall between IO to 220 kDa. Protein bands were observed at 25, 50 and 160 kDa in both the unripe and ripe bilimbi proteases purified with 40% ammonium sulfate, however, the bands were more intense in those from unripe bilimbi. No protein bands were seen in proteases purified with 60% ammonium sulfate. Protein concentration was higher for proteases extracted with 40% ammonium sulfate at both ripening stages. Thus, purification using 40% ammonium sulfate precipitation could be a successful method to partially purify proteases from bilimbi especially from the unripe stage.
Doa Search and Retrieval Using N-Gram
Authors: Abu Mangshor Nur Nabilah , Sabri Nurbaity , Ibrahim Zaidah , Kasiran Zolidah , Ahmad Anis Safura
Published: May 2020

‘Doa’ is derived from Arabic word which means that one asks for the fulfillment or a need or the cure of sickness from him/her. Having to search and retrieve the relevant ‘doa’ for one needs at any particular time is beneficial. There are some search and retrieval applications that require using the exact match of the keyword search with the words stored in the database. This approach leads to the retrieval of insignificant results as users need to know the exact word to be searched. Therefore, this project allows for partial keyword search that utilises N-gram method for the search and retrieval process. Moreover, various words may have similar meaning thus to increase the accuracy of the retrieved result, this project compares the dice and overlap coefficient algorithms to find the synonyms of the searched word. The result produced indicates that overlap coefficient perform better than dice coefficient.
Application of Artificial Neural Network for Automatic Contingency Analysis in Power Security Assessment
Authors: Musirin Ismail , Abdul Rahman Titik Khawa
Published: May 2020

Several incidents that occurred around the world involving power failure caused by unscheduled line outages were identified as one of the main contributors to power failure and cascading blackout in electric power environment. With the advancement of computer technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely accepted as one method that can be applied to predict the occurrence of unscheduled disturbance. This paper presents the development of automatic contingency analysis and ranking algorithm for the application in the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The ANN is developed in order to predict the post-outage severity index from a set of pre-outage data set. Data were generated using the newly developed automatic contingency analysis and ranking (ACAR) algorithm. Tests were conducted on the 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test Systems. Results showed that the developed technique is feasible to be implemented practically and an agreement was achieved in the results obtained from the tests. The developed ACAR can be utilised for further testing and implementation in other IEEE RTS test systems particularly in the system, which required fast computation time. On the other hand, the developed ANN can be used for predicting the post-outage severity index and hence system stability can be evaluated.
Shear Capacity of Singly and Doubly Webbed Corrugated Web Girder
Authors: Abdul Hamid Hanizah , Ibrahim Azmi , Ibrahim Norhisham
Published: May 2020

A conventional plate girder involves the use of transverse intermediate stiffeners, especially in a slender web to avoid catastrophic failure associated with shear buckling of the web. In this study, a profiled web was used to replace the transversely stiffened web. The process involves introducing cold-formed ribs into a flat steel sheet to form alternative stiffeners. This study therefore seeks to establish comparative performance of conventionally stiffened plate girders and profiled web girders of a specially formed rib arrangement with single and also double webs. Nine numbers of specimens were tested to failure under a three-point-bending system. Failure of all the profiled web girders, with either a single or double webs, is characterized by a shorter yield plateau and a steeper descending branch, a failure mode that is commonly referred to as ‘brittle’. The results of the tests on girders with profiled steel sheets, PSS(s) have shown that profiling is extremely effective in increasing the shear buckling load because it moves the sheet material out of the plane of the web, thereby increasing the rigidity 1.08 to 2.0 times higher than the equivalent conventional flat web plate girders. The experimental results also showed that post-buckling capacities are reduced by 30 % to 50 % of their ultimate shear capacities.
Effects of Particle Sizes, Resin Content and Board Densities on the Properties of Phenol Formaldehyde Particleboard from Oil Palm Trunk Particles
Authors: Kasim Jamaludin , Mahmud Siti Zalifah , Ahmad Nurrohana , Karim Yamani Shaikh Abdul , Tamiran Siti Nor Ain , Shahriman Nor Suziana , Razak Nor Ashikin
Published: May 2020

Twenty five year old oil palm trunk supplied by MPOB, Bangi, Selangor, was converted into strands using a disk flaker and into particles using a dust extractor. Particleboard was produced using phenolic resin at 7, 9 and 11 % compositions based on particle weight used Particle size varied from 1.0-2.0 mm and the board density varied from 500-700 kg m-3. No significant improvement in MOR, MOE and IB was observed when the particle size was increased from 1.0 to 2.0 mm. However, with larger particle size the water absorption and thickness swelling properties improved. Increasing the resin content from 7-11 % significantly increases the mechanical properties and improves the water absorption and thickness swelling properties. Increasing the board density results in an increase in MOR, MOE and IB and a significant increase in the water absorption and thickness swelling properties. Particleboard with a high board density and resin content of more than 9 %met the minimum British Standard requirements.
Response Surface Methodology as a Tool to Study the Removal of Amido Black Dye from Aqueous Solution using Anionic Clay Hydrotalcite
Authors: Yasin Yamin , Abdul Latif Nur Syahirah , Abdul Malik Abdul Hafiz
Published: May 2020

Anionic clay hydrotalcite was used as an adsorbent to remove amido black dye from aqueous solutions. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a five-level, four-variable Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was employed to evaluate the interactive effects of various optimization parameters. The parameters were contact time (6-10 hrs), solution pH (4-8), adsorbent dosage (200-600 mg) and dye concentration (50-100 mg/I). Simultaneously increasing contact time, initial concentration and amount of adsorbent dosage increased the quantity of amido black dye removed. The optimum conditions derived via RSM for the reaction were a reaction time of 8.48 hrs, a concentration of 58. 09 mg/I, an adsorbent dosage of 431. 2 4 mg/L and a solution pH of 6.27. The experimental percentage removal was 85.55 % under optimum conditions, which compares well with the maximum predicted value of 87.95 %.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Nitrogen­ Oxygen-Sulfur (NOS) Transition Metal Complexes Derived from Novel S-2,4-dichlorobenzyldithiocarbazate with 5-fluoroisatin
Authors: Abdul Manan Mohd Abdul Fatah , Bahron Hadariah , Kassim Karimah , Mohamad Mohd Asrul Hafaz , Sayed Mohamad Syed Nazmi
Published: May 2020

A novel Schiff base containing nitrogen-oxygen-sulfur (NOS) donor atoms formed from the condensation reaction of S-2,4-dichlorobenzyldithiocarbazate (S-2,4BDTC) with 5-fluroisatin has been synthesized. Complexes of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) with this Schiff base have been prepared and characterized using elemental analysis and various physico-chemical techniques. In the cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes the Schiff base behaves as a uninegatively charged tridentate nitrogen-oxygen-sulfur (NOS) chelating ligand, bonding through the azomethine nitrogen, thiolate sulfur and carbonylic oxygen of the isatin moiety. However, in the copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes the Schiff base behaves as a nitrogen-sulfur (NS) bidentate chelating ligand, bonding through the azomethine nitrogen and thiolate sulfur. The Schiff base and the metal complexes were evaluated with respect to antimicrobial activity, which was performed in relation to two selected pathogenic microbials (Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). It was observed that only the zinc Schiff base complex exhibited strong activity against the Bacillus subtilis bacteria with an inhibition zone of 25 mm.
Medium-sized cities, intermediate scales and planning. Potential processes and missing tools in Brescia
Authors: Di Vita Stefano
Published: May 2020

The ongoing phase of transition, led by processes of globalization and world crisis, has been encouraging the demographic and economic re-centralization towards major and largest cities. This trend urges the analysis of socio-economic and spatial dynamics in medium-sized cities which are historically characterized by manufacturing and entrepreneurial culture. This is the case of Brescia (one of the urban hubs of the North Italy city-region), where a strategic agenda (up to now, missing) could foster the management of trans-scalar urban issues, as well as the development of multi-level governance and planning solutions.
An alternative image of the city: maps by migrants to explore contemporary urban landscape
Authors: Pezzoni Nausicaa
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the result of an empirical study on mapping three Italian cities from the point of view of migrants during the first period of their stay. It aims at exploring an emerging issue in the contemporary government of a city that is increasingly inhabited by transitory populations: the relationship of its new inhabitants to the urban landscape. Drawing upon a method introduced by Kevin Lynch, 150 maps of the ‘landfall city’ came to life; in the first part the research method and its first application in Milan are presented; in the second part other two surveys, in Rovereto and Bologna, are introduced within the project “Migrants Mapping Europe”, aimed at incrementally building an European map of the present that brings to surface the meaning and forms of the transitory living conditions in the territories of contemporaneity.
NASIB PEREMPUAN DI TANGAN LAKI-LAKI: ANALISIS LINGUAKULTURA PERIBAHASA RUSIA
Authors: Gumilar Trisna , Khoeruman Hilman Fauzia
Published: May 2020

Peribahasa dalam konteks Rusia tidak hanya terbatas pada struktur dan makna, lebih dari itu melibatkan budaya. Memahami pola pikir, cara pandang, dan nalar masyarakat Rusia dapat ditempuh melalui peribahasa. Dalam hal ini peribahasa menjadi salah satu objek kajian dari lingkup linguakulturologi. Bidang tersebut menyajikan bagaimana bahasa berperan dalam penyampaian maupun penyebarluasan budaya dalam arti sosio-humaniora. Dalam artikel ini dibahas bagaimana Eksistensi perempuan direpresentasikan oleh peribahasa Rusia. Metode kualitatif dianggap cukup memadai untuk membongkar masalah sosio-humaniora, termasuk untuk menganalisis peribahasa. Pemaparan analisis data disampaikan secara deskriptif. Konsep linguakulturologi dari Gasanoca (2016), Fedorov (2014), dan Farkhutdinova (2000) dijadikan sebagai landasan teori penulisan artikel ilmiah ini, sedangkan konsep peribahasa Dahl (2003) menjadi lingkup data artikel. Simpulan artikel berupa gambaran eksistensi perempuan dalam peribahasa Rusia yang dipersepsikan secara semantis sebagai pihak yang dikuasai baik itu secara sosial, stereotifikasi, dan patriarki.
Naon ataukah Naon ‘Apa’ Inovasi Internal dalam Bahasa Sunda
Authors: Wahya Wahya
Published: May 2020

Konsep ‘apa’ dalam bahasa Sunda diekspresikan dengan kata naᴐn. Secara geolinguistik kata naᴐn memiliki varian naön. Sebaran geografis kata naᴐn dan naön berbeda. Kata naᴐn  tersebar luas di wilayah Priangan, sedangkan naön  tersebar di daerah Banten dan Priangan Timur berbatasan dengan Jawa Tengah, juga di Brebes. Secara diakronis kata naᴐn berasal dari nahaon, sedangkan kata naön  berasal dari nahaön, yang masingmsing kehilangan suku kata ha  karena proses sinkop. Baik kata nahaon  maupun nahaön memiliki bentuk dasar naha  yang masing-masing ditambah suku kata on  dan ön. Dalam bahasa Sunda bentuk ön secara morfemis berstatus sufiks. Dengan demikian, kemungkinan besar kata nahaön merupakan kata polimorfemis yang berasal dari naha + - ön. Dari analisis di atas, kemungkinan besar kata nahaon  berasal dari nahaön. Sama halnya dengan kata naᴐn  berasal dari naön. Dengan demikian, kata naᴐn dan nahaᴐn masing-masing merupakan inovasi internal dari kata naön dan nahaön.
Pengaruh Unsur Budaya Lokal dalam Ungkapan Berbahasa Perancis
Authors: Handayani Vincentia Tri
Published: May 2020

AbstrakFolklor yang menghasilkan tradisi lisan merupakan perwujudan budaya yang lahirdari pengalaman kelompok masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk tradisi lisan adalah ungkapan yangmengandung unsur budaya lokal dalam konstruksinya yang tidak dimiliki budaya lainnya.Ungkapan idiomatis memberikan warna pada bahasa melalui penggambaran mental. Dalambahasa Perancis, ungkapan dapat berupa locution dan expression. Perbedaan motif acuansuatu ungkapan dapat terlihat dari pengaruh budaya masyarakat pengguna bahasa. Sebuahleksem tidak selalu didefinisikan melalui unsur minimal, tidak juga melalui kata-kata,baik kata dasar atau kata kompleks, namun dapat melalui kata-kata beku yang maknanyatetap. Hubungan analogis dari makna tambahan yang ada pada suatu leksem muncul dariidentifikasi semem yang sama. Semem tersebut mengarah pada term yang diasosiasikan danyang diperkaya melalui konteks (dalam ungkapan berhubungan dengan konteks budaya).Kata kunci: folklor, ungkapan, struktur, makna idiomatis, kebudayaanAbstractFolklore which produces the oral tradition is a cultural manifestation born out theexperience of community groups. One form of the oral tradition is a phrase that containsthe elements of local culture in its construction that is not owned the other culture. Theidiomatic phrase gives the color to the language through the mental representation. InFrench, the expression can consist of locution and expression. The difference motivesreference of an expression can be seen from the influence of the cultural community thelanguage users. A lexeme is not always defined through a minimal element, nor throughwords, either basic or complex words, but can be through the frost words whose meaningsare fixed. The analogical connection of the additional meanings is on a lexeme arises fromthe identification of the same meaning. The meaning ‘semem’ leads to the associated termsand which are enriched through the context (in idiom related to the cultural context).Keywords : folklore, idioms, structure, idiom meaning, cultureI PENDAHULUAN
Kosmopolitanisme dalam Majalah Penghiboer di Awal Abad Ke-20
Authors: Adipurwawijdana Ari J.
Published: May 2020

AbstrakSejarah kesusastraan Indonesia lazim dipandang memiliki awalnya denganterbitnya karya-karya yang diterbitkan dan dipromosikan Balai Pustaka sebagai bagiandari program otoritas kolonial Belanda dalam konteks Politik Etis. Namun, pandanganyang Balai Pustaka-sentris semacam ini mengabaikan aktivitas penulisan dan penerbitanyang dilakukan pihak swasta di berbagai kota selain Batavia. Tulisan ini bertujuanmenunjukkan betapa wawasan kelas menengah terdidik di Hindia Belanda pada awal abadkedua puluh melampaui yang direfleksikan dalam karya-karya terbitan Balai Pustaka.Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, diterapkan kajian materialis kultural yang memandangteks sastra maupun non-sastra sebagai bagian dari ekonomi dan kebudayaan material.Dengan berfokus pada majalah Penghiboer, yang terbit di Palembang, akan tampakbetapa warga kelas menengah Hindia-Belanda memiliki kehidupan yang kosmopolitan,yang memandang dirinya merupakan bagian dari masyarakat dunia, dan, karena itupula, menunjukkan ambivalensi dalam menyajikan identitas nasional.Kata kunci: Penghiboer, bacaan populer, majalah, Hindia Belanda, materialisme kulturalAbstractIndonesian literary history is commonly viewed to have had its beginnings in thepublication and promotion of works by Balai Pustaka as a part of the program of the Dutchcolonial authority under the auspices of the Ethical Policy. However, such Balai Pustaka-centricperspective often ignores the writing and publications carried out by the private sector in variouscities other than Batavia. This piece aims at exposing how the world view of the educated middleclass in the Dutch-Indies in the early twentieth century had gone beyond what is reflected in theworks published by Balai Pustaka. To achieve this objective,the cultural materialist approachis employed, which views literary and non-literary texts as apart of the economy and materialculture. Focusing on the magazine Penghiboer, published in Palembang, it will be apparenthow the members of the middle class in the Dutch Indies lived lives in the view that they were apart of a global society, and, therefore, also shows ambivalence in presenting national identity.Keywords: Penghiboer, popular reading, magazines, Dutch Indies, cultural materialism
Gambaran Kemiskinan dalam Novel Dawuk: Kisah Kelabu dari Rumbuk Randu Karya Mahfud Ikhwan
Authors: Cahyani Suci Purnama
Published: May 2020

AbstrakTulisan ini membahas permasalahan sosial yang terjadi pada masyarakatRumbuk Randu dalam novel Dawuk: Kisah Kelabu dari Rumbuk Randu karyaMahfud Ikhwan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis denganteori sosiologi sastra. Untuk dapat mengetahui gambaran permasalahan sosialyang terjadi dalam Dawuk, penelitian ini menggunakan teori permasalahan sosialyang dikemukakan oleh Soerdjono Soekanto. Dari Sembilan permasalahan sosialyang disebutkan oleh Soerdjono Soekanto, hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikanterdapat empat permasalahan sosial yang terjadi pada masyarakat Rumbuk Randudalam novel. Empat permasalahan sosial tersebut yaitu kemiskinan, kejahatan,disorganisasi keluarga, dan pelanggaran norma-norma masyarakat yang disebabkanoleh faktor ekonomis, faktor biologis, faktor psikologis, dan faktor kebudayaan. Darikeempat permasalahan sosial tersebut, dapat diindikasikan bahwa Dawuk berusahamenampilkan permasalahan sosial yang terjadi dalam novel, baik penyebab maupundampaknya, lewat peristiwa yang melibatkan para tokohnya.Kata kunci: Dawuk, kemiskinan, permasalahan sosial, masyarakatAbstractThis article examines social problems which happened to Rumbuk Randu’s society inthe novel Dawuk: Kisah Kelabu dari Rumbuk Randu by Mahfud Ikhwan. This research usesanalytical description method and literature sociology theory. In order to know the reflectionof social problems that happened in Dawuk, this research applies social problems theory bySoerdjono Soekanto. From nine of social problems that mentioned by Soerdjono Soekanto, thisresearch indicates there are four social problems that happened to Rumbuk Randu’s society:poverty, wickedness, family disorganization, and social norms deviation which are causedby economic factor, biological factor, psychological factor, and cultural factor. From the foursocial problems, it can be identified that Dawuk reveals the social problems in the novel, eitherthe causes or the impacts through the stories involving the characters.Keywords: Dawuk, poverty, social problems, and society
Budaya dalam Pengajaran Bipa: Respons Orang Asing terhadap Budaya Sunda dalam Hubungan Lintas Budaya
Authors: Adji Muhamad
Published: May 2020

AbstrakProgram BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing) memberikan kesempatanpada orang asing untuk mempelajari bahasa Indonesia sebagai pintu gerbang untukmengenal Indonesia lebih dalam lagi. Dengan semakin banyaknya orang asingmengunakan bahasa Indonesia, semakin terbuka kesempatan bagi bahasa Indonesiauntuk menjadi bahasa internasional. Hal itu dapat dilakukan melalui strategi kebudayaan.Strategi kebudayaan yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengenalkan Indonesia dalampembelajaran BIPA adalah melalui pengenalan budaya lokal yang menjadi ujung tombakdari kebudayaan Indonesia. Kebudayaan lokal yang hidup dalam masyarakat setempatmemberi kesempatan bagi orang asing untuk melihat dan memahami kekayaan budayaIndonesia yang beragam. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengetahui pengetahuan dasar mahasiswaasing terhadap budaya Sunda dan bagaimana respon mereka dengan dijadikannya budayaSunda sebagai bagian dari pembelajaran BIPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitiandeskriptif dengan pemerolehan data melalui kuesioner dan referensi kepustakaan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengenalan aspak-aspek budaya lokal, dalam hal inibudaya Sunda, dalam pengajaran BIPA merupakan kebutuhan utama bagi orang asingagar dapat bertahan hidup dan beradaptasi dalam lingkungan sosial budaya tempatmereka hidup serta membangun kesalingpengertian dalam hubungan lintas budaya. Olehkarena itu, hal-hal yang penting bagi orang asing adalah budaya lokal yang dirasakanlangsung dalam kehidupan keseharian mereka di Indonesia.Kata kunci: budaya Sunda, pengajaran BIPA, respon, orang asing, lintas budayaAbstractThe BIPA program (Indonesian for Foreign Speakers) provides an opportunity forforeigners to learn Indonesian as a gateway to know Indonesia more comprehensively. With theincreasing number of foreigners using Indonesian language, the more open the opportunity forIndonesian language to become an international language. This can be done through a culturalstrategy. The cultural strategy that can be done in introducing Indonesia in BIPA learning isthrough the introduction of local culture that is the spearhead of Indonesian culture. Local culture hat lives in local communities provides opportunities for foreigners to see and understand Indonesia’s diverse cultural richness. This paper aims to find out the basic knowledge of foreign students towards Sundanese culture and how they respond to the use of Sundanese culture as part of BIPA learning. This research is a descriptive study by obtaining data through questionnaires and literature references. The results show that the introduction of aspects of local culture, in this case Sundanese culture, in the teaching of BIPA is a major need for foreigners to survive and adapt in the socio-cultural environment in which they live and build understanding in cross-cultural relations. Therefore, the things that are important for foreigners are the local culture that is directly affected in their daily lives in Indonesia.Keywords: Sundanese culture, BIPA teaching, response, foreigners, cross-cultural
Konsep Ruang dalam Metafora Bagian Tubuh Bahasa Sunda : Kajian Semantik Kognitif
Authors: Lyra Hera Meganova
Published: May 2020

AbstrakTulisan ini mendeskripsikan konseptualisasi ruang yang dihasilkan oleh metafora bagian tubuh dalam bahasa Sunda. Penulis menggunakan kajian konseptual semantik kognitif Lakoff dan Johnson (1980) yang diperjelas oleh Cruse & Croft (2004) dan Saeed (2009) dalam mendekripsikan dan menganalisis data. Dihasilkan konsep ruang yang mengacu pada wadah (container)dan tempat (space). Ruang wadah (container)meliputi: (1) konsep dalam-luar (in-out), (2) konsep penuh-kosong (full-empety), dan (3) konsep isi (content). Ruang tempat meliputi: (1) konsep atas-bawah (up-down), (2) konsep pusat-pinggir (center-periphery), dan dan konsep citra kiri-kanan (left-right).AbstractThis paper describes the conceptualization of space produced by the metaphor of body parts in Sundanese language. The author uses conceptual semantic cognitive studies Lakoff and Johnson (1980) which are clarified by Cruse & Croft (2004) and Saeed (2009) in describing and analyzing data. The resulting concept of space refers to the container and space. Container space includes: (1) in-out concepts, (2) full-blank concepts, and (3) content concepts. Spaces include: (1) up-down concept, (2) center-periphery concept, and left-right image concept.
Kedudukan dan Fungsi Bahasa dalam Permuseuman
Authors: Mahmud Erlina Zulkifli , Ampera Taufik , Risagarniwa Yuyu Yohana , Sidiq Inu Isnaeni
Published: May 2020

Kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi manusia mencakup seluruh bidang kehidupan termasuk ilmu pengetahuan antara lain terkait sejarah peradaban manusia; bagaimana manusia mempertahankan hidupnya, bagaimana manusia memperlakukan alam, bagaimana alam menyediakan segala kebutuhan manusia. Apa yang dilakukan manusia saat ini, saat lampau, dan apa yang dilakukan manusia jauh di masa prasejarah, bagaimana kondisi alam di masa-masa tersebut, apa perubahan dan perkembangannya, dapat didokumentasikan melalui bahasa, divisualisasikan kembali, lalu dipajang sebagai salah satu upaya konversai dan preservasi dalam satu institusi yang disebut museum. Penelitian ini membahas kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman. Bagaimana kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman baik dalam informasi yang disampaikan oleh pemandu wisata museumnya maupun yang terpajang menyertai benda-benda dan gambar-gambar merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah gabungan antara metode lapangan dan metode literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum kedudukan bahasa Indonesia berada pada urutan pertama setelah Bahasa Inggris dan keberadaan kedua bahasa dalam permuseuman ini melibatkan dua fungsi utama bahasa, yakni fungsi komunikatif dan fungsi informatif.The existence and function of language  as a medium of communication covers all fields of human life including knowledge, one of them is the history of human civilization; how humans survived, how human utilized nature for their lives, and how nature provides all the necessities for humans. What humans have been doing now, what they have done in the past and far before that in the pre-history time, how the conditions of the nature at those times were and what changes as well as progresses occurred are documented using language, then re-visualized,  displayed as one of conservation and preservation acts in an institution called museum. This research discusess the existence and function of language in museums. How important the existence of a language in museums and what language functions used in museums both in informations given by the museum guides and on the displays accompanying objects and pictures are the aims of this research. The methods used are the combination between field research and library research. The results show that generally the existence of Indonesian language plays more important role than English and both languages have two main functions; communicative function and informative function.
Subjektivitas Perempuan: Pekerja Seks dalam Tiga Karya Utuy Tatang Sontani
Authors: Fakhrunnisa Ritma , Rahayu Lina Meilinawati , Adji Muhamad
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini mengambil topik subjektivitas perempuan pekerja seks dalam tiga karya Utuy Tatang Sontani: Selamat Jalan Anak Kufur, “Menuju Kamar Durhaka”, dan “Doger”. Tiga pekerja seks tersebut ditampilkan melalui tokoh Titi, Aku, dan Selendang Merah. Dengan menggunakan metode kritik feminis yang berfokus pada isu tubuh dan ruang perempuan, pembahasan dibagi menjadi dua bagian yang berkaitan dengan tubuh, ruang, dan subjektivitas pekerja seks. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat dimaknai bahwa: (1) tubuh dan ruang pekerja seks ditampilkan sebagai aset ambivalen dalam posisinya sebagai subjek dan objek; (2) posisi subjek-objek yang bahagia berkaitan erat dengan perspektif yang digunakan tokoh dalam memandang pekerja seks. Oleh sebab itu, dapat diargumentasikan bahwa Utuy memosisikan tiga tokoh perempuannya dalam posisi subjek dan objek yang tidak ajek.This research talks about the subjectivity of women sex workers in Utuy Tatang Sontani’s works titled Selamat Jalan Anak Kufur, “Menuju Kamar Durhaka”, and “Doger.” Women sex worker are portrayed through characters named Titi, Aku, and Selendang Merah. By using a feminist literary criticism method that focuses on women’s body and space, the discussion has been divided into two sections related to body, space, and subjectivity of the sex workers. Body and space are the crucial aspects for the characters in Utuy’s works when achieving their status as a subject. Based on the results of the analysis it can be interpreted that: (1) the bodies and spaces of the sex workers are depicted as an ambivalent asset in their position both as subject and object; (2) the position of happy subject-object status of the sex workers is closely related to the perspective used by the character in looking at sex workers. Therefore, it can be argued that Utuy positioned the three women characters in the position of subjects and objects that were not fixed.
METAFORA KONSEPTUAL CINTA DALAM ALBUM TAYLOR SWIFT: KAJIAN SEMANTIK KOGNITIF
Authors: Syah Irwan , Wagiati Wagiati , Darmayanti Nani
Published: May 2020

Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan konseptualisasi metafora cinta dalam lirik lagu Taylor Swift. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif dan kajian konseptual semantik kognitif. Penggunaan bahasa kiasan kini telah merambah pada dunia tarik suara, lirik lagu secara tidak sadar mengandung penggunaan metafora yang tak terlepas pada pengalaman pribadi penulis, khususnya masalah pecintaan. Penganalisisan bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara sistem konseptual dan struktur semantik yang terkandung pada bahasa yang digunakan penulis yang dituangkan pada lagu-lagunya. Bedasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, ada beberapa konseptualisasi yang ditemukan dalam metafora bertemakan cinta, antara lain konsep cinta sebagai tangisan, konsep cinta sebagai lagu, konsep cinta sebagai benda tersembunyi, konsep cinta sebagai suatu kebutuhan, konsep cinta sebagai keindahan, konsep cinta sebagai kesempurnaan.
ADJEKTIVA BERMAKNA RUANG DALAM BAHASA RUSIA
Authors: Karyaningsih Tri Yulianti , Gumilar Trisna
Published: May 2020

Dalam bahasa Rusia terdapat adjektiva yang menyatakan makna ruang atau tempat, yakni berupa lokasi dan arah. Adjektiva demikian berbeda secara morfologis, sintaktis, dan semantis dengan adjektiva kualitatif biasa. Untuk itu, dalam artikel ini dibahas mengenai perilaku morfologis, sintaktis, dan semantisadjektiva bermakna ruang dalam bahasa Rusia.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian iniadalah metode deskriptif dengan model analisis morfologis, sintaktis, dan semantis. Data berupa adjektiva bermakna ruangberasal dari buku-buku gramatika,sementara data analisis berupa kalimatdiambildari korpus nasional bahasa Rusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adjektiva bermakna ruang merupakan adjektiva derivatif yang dibentuk dari nomina dan adverbia secara morfologis melalui afiksasi dan pembubuhan fleksi pemarkah adjektiva. Secara semantis, makna ruang pada adjektiva ditunjukkan oleh kata pembentuknya, yakni nomina dan adverbia bermakna tempat, serta prefiks pada adjektiva denominal. Adapun secara sintaktis, adjektiva ini umumnya bersifat atributif.
Mengenal Penggunaan Partikel His ‘His’ sebagai Pengungkap Emosi dalam Cerita Rekaan Berbahasa Sunda
Authors: Wahya Wahya , Lyra Hera Meganova , Permadi Raden (R.) Yudi
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK               Bahasa di mana pun di dunia ini secara universal memiliki kelas kata yang disebut partikel. Secara praktis keberadaan partikel ini penting karena memiliki fungsi tertentu dalam bahasa sebagai sarana untuk berkomunikasi bagi para penuturnya. Namun demikian, sebagai ciri keunikan setiap bahasa, tentu bentuk, jumlah, dan fungsi partikel ini berbeda-beda. Bahasa Sunda sebagai bahasa alamiah yang merupakan salah satu bahasa daerah di Indonesia kaya dengan pertikel ini. Salah satu partikel yang terdapat dalam bahasa Sunda adalah his ’his’. Artikel ini akan mencoba membahas partikel his ini dari ssi sebagai pengungkap emosi dalam percakapan para tokoh cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda. Untuk membahas partikel his ini digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode simak, yakni menyimak penggunaan partikel his oleh para tokoh dalam cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik catat. Adapun metode analisis menggunkan metode padan pragmatik dan referensial dengan pendekatan semantik gramatikal. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa enam buah cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda dengan pertimbangan pada keenam buku tersebut terdapat data yang diperlukan dan sebagai sampel sumber data. Dari hasil pengamatan terhadap enam belas data ditemukan enam emosi yang diungkapkan partikel his, meyakinkan, kesal, melarang, kecewa, tidak setuju, danangkuh.Kata kunci: partikel, fatis, emosi, semantik gramatikal ABSTRACT               Languages everywhere in the world universally have a class of words called particles. Practically the existence of this particle is important because it has a certain function in language as a means to communicate for its speakers. However, as a feature of the uniqueness of each language, the shape, number, and function of these particles differ. Sundanese as a natural language which is one of the regional languages in Indonesia is rich in this particles. One of the particles contained in Sundanese is his. This article will try to discuss his particle from an expression of emotion in the conversation of the fictional characters in Sundanese. To discuss this particle, a qualitative descriptive method is used. Data were collected using the method of listening, which is listening to the use of his particle by the characters in a fictional story in Sundanese language with data collection techniques in the form of note taking techniques. The analytical method uses the pragmatic and referential equivalent method with a grammatical semantic approach. The data source used in the form of six Sundanese fiction stories with consideration in the six books contained the necessary data and as a sample data source. From the observation of the sixteen data found six emotions expressed his particle, convincing, annoyed, forbidding, disappointed, disagreeing, and arrogant.Keywords: particle, phatic, emotion, grammatical semantics
FILM INDUCED TOURISM DAN DESTINASI WISATA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mulyadi Rd Muhammad , Sunarti Linda
Published: May 2020

Sektor pariwisata merupakan salah satu sumber penting bagi devisa negara. Hal tersebut menyebabkan negara-negara di dunia berlomba-lomba untuk mempromosikan pariwisatanya karena ketatnya persaingan pariwisata dalam dunia internasional. Berbagai cara dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan ke negaranya masing-masing. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan adalah melalui film yang dipandang cukup efektif dalam mempromosikan daerah-daerah tujuan wisatanya. Berdasarkan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, beberapa negara dengan jumlah wistawan yang besar mengakui bahwa salah satu faktor pendorong wisatawan untuk berwisata ke negaranya adalah melalui film. Film dipandang sebagai media yang lebih efektif daripada menggunakan cara-cara tradisional seperti brosur dan iklan-iklan khusus lainnya, karena film dapat menjangkau jutaan orang, bertahan lama, dan memengaruhi orang-orang tanpa menyadari bahwa hal tersebut merupakan suatu promosi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perkembangan film sebagai promosi pariwisata, dampak film terhadap peningkatan kunjungan wisatawan, terutama dampak mengenai film dan promosi pariwisata di Indonesia.Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah tulisan tulisan ilmiah dalam bentuk artikel maupun proseding seminar dan film-film yang terkait erat dengan pokok kajian penelitian. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa adanya dampak film terhadap beberapa destinasi wisata di Indonesia.Yogyakarta, Belitung dan Bali adalah destinasi wisata yang diinduksi oleh film.
MEMBACA ANTOLOGI PUISI MENCINTAI KARYA EVI IDAWATI; MEMBACA KERINDUAN YANG TAKPERNAH JEDA
Authors: Banita Baban , Sarathan Indra
Published: May 2020

Mencintai adalah aktivitas yang luar biasa sebab dengan mencintai berarti telah turut menciptakan kedamaian dunia yang sekaligus juga kebahagiaan.  Mencintai bisa diungkapkan dengan berbagai hal sesuai dengan kapasitas atau ketertarikan orang itu. Evi Idawati melakukannya dengan membuat puisi. Puisi-puisi yang bertemakan cintanya dapat dikategorikan menjadi dua, yakni mencintai kepada manusia dan mencintai kepada pencipta manusia. Dalam mengungkapkan cinta tersebut ada persamaan dan perbedaan. Persamaannya, aku lirik memposisikan diri sebagai orang yang siap menghamba terhadap yang dicintainya. Perbedaannya, dalam mencintai manusia terdapat unsur tubuh dan berahi sementara dalam mencintai sang pencipta yang muncul adalah sikap iklas dalam menjalankan ritual yang disertai doa-doa. Bentuk atau jenis cinta ini  dalam pandangan Fromm adalah cinta terhadap Tuhan dan cinta erotis atau cinta sesama.
¿Qué significa la federalización de la ciencia y la tecnología en Argentina?
Authors: Niembro Andrés
Published: May 2020

En la última década, la federalización de la ciencia y la tecnología (CyT) se ha establecido como idea fuerza en Argentina, tanto en la agenda como en el discurso de políticas para el área. Sin embargo, el concepto mismo de federalización resulta un tanto difuso y en ocasiones se ha utilizado de forma ambigua. A partir de una revisión de estudios académicos previos, documentos institucionales y expresiones de diferentes actores del sistema, este trabajo se propone ordenar las ideas que se manejan respecto de este tema, principalmente aquéllas surgidas de debates ocurridos durante la última década. En este contexto se distinguen dos concepciones diferentes: desconcentración y descentralización. Esta distinción puede resultar de utilidad a la hora de definir y clarificar líneas de acción para establecer políticas CyT integradas de alcance nacional, regional y provincial.
Strong and Weak Forms of Î¼-Kc-Spaces
Authors: Nadhim Nadia A. , Ali Haider J. , Majeed Rasha N.
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we provide some types of - -spaces, namely, - ( )- (respectively, - ( )- , - ( )- and - ( )-) spaces for minimal structure spaces which are denoted by ( -spaces). Some properties and examples are given.The relationships between a number of types of - -spaces and the other existing types of weaker and stronger forms of -spaces are investigated. Finally, new types of open (respectively, closed) functions of -spaces are introduced and some of their properties are studied.
Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Classification: a Survey
Authors: Sami Aseel , Abdulmunem Matheel E.
Published: May 2020

In this review paper, several studies and researches were surveyed for assisting future researchers to identify available techniques in the field of classification of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. SAR images are becoming increasingly important in a variety of remote sensing applications due to the ability of SAR sensors to operate in all types of weather conditions, including day and night remote sensing for long ranges and coverage areas. Its properties of vast planning, search, rescue, mine detection, and target identification make it very attractive for surveillance and observation missions of Earth resources.  With the increasing popularity and availability of these images, the need for machines has emerged to enhance the ability to identify and interpret these images effectively. This is due to the fact that SAR image processing requires the formation of an image from the measured radar scatter returns, followed by a treatment to discover and define the image's composition. After reviewing several previous studies that succeeded in achieving a classification of SAR images for specific goals, it became obvious that they could be generalized to all types of SAR images. The most prominent use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) was successful in extracting features from the images and training the neural network to analyze and classify them into classes according to these features. The dataset used in this model was obtained from the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) database, which consists of a set of SAR images of military vehicles, for which the application of the CNN approach achieved a final accuracy of 97.91% on ten different classes.
Monitoring of the Immune Response Activity in Iraqi Patients Infected with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by IFN-Î³ and MIG Evaluation During Different Stages of Infection
Authors: Jameel Reem Aladdin , Al-Qadhi B. N.
Published: May 2020

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most prevalent cutaneous parasitic protozoan infections in Iraq; characterized by a chronic infection and granulomatous disease that invades the skin. Type 1 immune was predominates in CL patients with exacerbated production of pro-inflammatory cytokine, therefore this study aimed to evaluate serum level of interferon gamma (IFN-Î³) and monokine induce by interferon gamma (MIG/CXCl9) as a useful markers of disease development in patients during different stage of infection (<1 month .. early , 1-6 month.. chronic and >6 months.. late). The result showed that there was an early effort to eliminate the parasite proliferation which illustrated by a high significant increase of both IFN-Î³ and MIG during the early stage of infection, but this response was down-regulated during the chronic stage of infection, which observed by low levels of both studied cytokine and monokine, nevertheless this down-regulation was transient where the levels to increase returns during the late stage of infection. The evaluation of IFN-Î³ and MIG considered as a biological markers of disease activity in each stage of infection.
Assessment of Genotoxicity of Citrobacter freundii Bacteriocin on Bone Marrow Cells in Albino Mice
Authors: Hammad Rasha Noori , Obaid Hind Hussein
Published: May 2020

Genotoxic effects of crude bacteriocin extracted from Citrobacter freundii were detected on albino mice bone marrow cells in vivo, using micronucleus (MN) and comet assay. The mice were administered intraperitoneally with 37.5, 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg of the extract for 24 hours. C. freundii was isolated from patients suffering from urinary tract infections (UTI). The bacteriocin producing isolates were determined using cup assayand the most efficient bacteriocin producers were selected. Bacteriocin was extracted from the efficient isolates via the induction with Mitomycin-C (2 mg/ml). Bacteriocin activity (320 U/ml) was determined by well diffusion method, while the protein concentration (2900Âµg/ml) was estimated by Lowery method. The results showed an acute dose-dependent toxic effect of the crude bacteriocin ; The higher doses (150 and 300 mg/kg) caused a significant increase (Pâ‰¤0.05) in the micronuclei frequency in the bone marrow cells (4.62 and 5.37%, respectively (. Furthermore, DNA damage   increased significantly (Pâ‰¤0.05) and proportionally to higher bacteriocin doses (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg), as demonstrated by increased values of  tail length  (145.18, 267.73 and 295.08 %,( %DNA in tail (8.05, 13.87 and 14.31 %(, and olive tail moment (13.25, 22.72 and 25.85 % , respectively.
Tinjauan Penyebab Penolakan Klaim Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) pada Kasus Bronchopneumonia Pediatri
Authors: Agiwahyuanto Faik , Setiawan Lucas Anggoro , Ayusasmita Via
Published: May 2020

Kasus bronkopneumonia di Kota Semarang masih berada dalam peringkat 10 penyakit paling umum (2015 = 53,31%, 2016 = 54,3% dan 2017 = 50,5%) dan ini merupakan masalah kesehatan utama bagi anak-anak di negara berkembang. Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak di bawah 5 tahun (balita). 9,63% kasus dengan diagnosis utama bronkopneumonia di Rumah Sakit Panti Wilasa Dr. Cipto ditolak oleh BPJS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan penolakan pengajuan klaim untuk kasus-kasus dengan diagnosis utama bronkopneumonia di rumah sakit dalam pelaksanaan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik univariat atau persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penolakan diagnosis utama bukan bronkopneumonia di Rumah Sakit Panti Wilasa Dr. Cipto Semarang adalah 36 kasus (9,63%). Ini karena diagnosis dokter adalah bronkopneumonia tetapi diagnosis tidak mengikuti pedoman manual verifikasi INA-CBGs dan hasil rontgen tidak menunjukkan diagnosis bronkopneumonia. Penolakan terhadap diagnosis utama harus segera diatasi untuk mencegah upcoding. Upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan antara lain sosialisasi diagnosis oleh petugas koding dan pembuatan Clinical Pathway untuk kasus bronkopneumonia yang sesuai dengan kriteria BPJS sehingga hasil klaim rumah sakit dapat berkelanjutan.
A methodology of re-generating a representative element volume of fractured rock mass
Authors: Hong-Lam DANG , Phi Hong THINH
Published: May 2020

In simulation of fractured rock mass such as mechanical calculation, hydraulic calculation or coupled hydro-mechanical calculation, the representative element volume of fractured rock mass in the simulating code is very important and give the success of simulation works. The difficulties of how to make a representative element volume are come from the numerous fractures distributed in different orientation, length, location of the actual fracture network. Based on study of fracture characteristics of some fractured sites in the world, the paper presented some main items concerning to the fracture properties. A methodology of re-generating a representative element volume of fractured rock mass by DEAL.II code was presented in this paper. Finally, some applications were introduced to highlight the performance as well as efficiency of this methodology.