bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Search of a Feminist Theory of Expression
Authors: Ascarate Luz
Published: February 2023

In the Tractactus Logico Philosophicus, Wittgenstein concludes that what cannot be spoken about is better left unsaid, which would correspond to everything that is not scientific language susceptible of being formalized in the propositional framework. It is not until Philosophical Investigations that he will find the formula of the “expression” taken in an encompassing sense with its notion of “seeing aspects”.  For his part, in his course “Le problème de la parole”, Merleau-Ponty, elaborates a reflection on language that begins with the consideration of the scientific and logical naivety of language, in relation to Saussure's linguistics, and ends with the comparison between Proust and Stendhal. In this last part, he proposes that literature, as a creative language and an expressive operation, is both true life, connected with the ontological foundation of what exists, and phenomenology that shows the institution of that life. In both authors, the logical consideration is overwhelmed by the expressive power of language. Our contribution will make a comparison between Wittgenstein's and Merleau-Ponty's reflections on language and expressiveness. With this, we will seek to propose the bases of a feminist theory of expression, that is, a theory that seeks to show the particularity of female expressiveness.
From Doubt to Despair
Authors: Trächtler Jasmin
Published: February 2023

‘Gaslighting’ describes a form of manipulation that induces doubt in someone’s perceptions, experiences, understanding of events or conception of reality in general. But what kind of doubt is it? How do ‘ordinary’ epistemic doubts differ from those doubts that can lead to despair and the feeling of losing one’s mind? The phenomenon of ‘gaslighting’ has been attracting public attention for some time and has recently found its way into philosophical reflections that address moral, sexist and epistemic aspects of gaslighting. Little has been said, however, about the nature of gaslighting-induced doubts themselves, how they differ from ordinary, even ‘reasonable’ epistemic (self-) doubts and how it can come to someone doubting their own perception and conception of reality in the first place. The aim of this paper is to shed some light on these aspects by drawing on some of Wittgenstein’s remarks on doubt, published mainly in On Certainty. To this end, I will first outline the phenomenon of gaslighting as an epistemic injustice before presenting Wittgenstein’s reflections on doubt(ing). These will then be applied to the phenomenon of gaslighting, with a more specific focus on the evocation of such fundamental self-doubt in successful gaslighting, again drawing on some of Wittgenstein’s remarks.
Linguistic Injustice
Authors: Raïd Layla
Published: February 2023

My paper deals with the fragility of women and girls’ voices in sexist contexts. I describe this situation as one of linguistic injustice, and I propose an approach based on Wittgenstein and Cavell’s works. I argue that the characteristic female experience of being silenced when they express their experiences in sexist contexts can be understood as a lack of attunement with the community of male locutors.
Mauro Luiz Engelmann, Reading Wittgenstein’s Tractatus
Authors: Milkov Nikolay
Published: February 2023

Book review
Speaking Silences
Authors: Lobo Camila
Published: February 2023

Miranda Fricker’s account of what is involved in cases of hermeneutical injustice has been criticised for neglecting the existence of alternative hermeneutical resources developed by non-dominant groups and consequently overlooking its members’ cognitive agency. I argue that this critical strand might be extended to consider what I call “uncontroversial cases of hermeneutical injustice”, i.e. cases in which no alternative resources are available, but marginalized subjects can still be said to resist dominant interpretations of their experiences. Following Alice Crary, I trace the limitations of Fricker’s original account of hermeneutical injustice back to her reliance on a neutral conception of reason and argue that widening the realm of rationality to accommodate affective responses authorizes a revaluation of marginalized subjects’ agency under ideological systems. To illustrate this point, I indicate that Ludwig Wittgenstein’s reflections on hinges present a notion of objectivity that serves liberatory projects and might guide a more adequate response to cases of hermeneutical injustice.
Wittgenstein and Feminism: Alice Crary in Conversation with Mickaëlle Provost
Authors: Provost Mickaëlle , Crary Alice
Published: February 2023

Alice Crary is a moral and social philosopher who has written widely on issues in metaethics, moral psychology and normative ethics, philosophy and feminism, critical animal studies, critical disability studies, critical philosophy of race, philosophy and literature, and Critical Theory. She has written on philosophers such as John L. Austin, Stanley Cavell, Cora Diamond, John McDowell, Iris Murdoch and Ludwig Wittgenstein. This is the first of two parts of the interview with Crary conducted in a single exchange in the first weeks of January 2022,  where she discusses ordinary language philosophy and feminism, Wittgenstein’s conception of mind and its relation to feminist ethics, the link between Wittgenstein and Critical Theory, and her own views about efforts to bring about social and political transformations. The second part on “Wittgenstein and Critical Theory” is published in the regular volume 11 of NWR.
Tree-structured readings of the Tractatus
Authors: Stern David G
Published: February 2023

I argue that the numbering system of the Tractatus lets us see how it was constructed, in two closely related senses of that term. First, it tells us a great deal about the genesis of the book, for the numbering system was used to assemble and rearrange a series of drafts, as recorded in MS 104. Second, it helps us understand the structure of the published book, as cryptically summarized in the opening footnote. I also discuss an unpublished letter from Anscombe to von Wright from 1948 which contains the very first sketch of a tree-structured reading, and what I believe is Stenius’s response to Anscombe’s proposal. The paper critically evaluates previous work on tree-structured readings and contends that we need to read the Tractatus in both the number order used in the published book and the tree order that Wittgenstein used to draft it. It also considers some of the main ways of turning this complex branching structure into a linear, printed text, and so serves as an introduction to the three tree-structured editions of the Tractatus that accompany this paper (the German text, and the translations by Ogden/Ramsey and Pears & McGuinness).
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Authors: Wittgenstein Ludwig
Published: February 2023

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus by Ludwig Wittgenstein: Three parallel tree-structured editions. (1) Tree-structured arrangement of the German text, edited by David G. Stern, Joachim Schulte and Katia Saporiti.  (2) Tree-structured arrangement of the English translation by Ogden and Ramsey, edited by David G. Stern. (3) Tree-structured arrangement of the English translation by Pears and McGuinness, edited by David G. Stern.
Excursus on Wittgenstein's Rule-Following Considerations
Authors: Lane Elek
Published: February 2023

In this essay, I seek to demonstrate the interplay of philosophical voices – particularly, that of a platonist voice and a community-agreement-view voice – that drives Wittgenstein’s rule-following dialectic forward; and I argue that each voice succumbs to a particular form of dialectical oscillation that renders its response to the problem of rule-following philosophically inadequate. Finally, I suggest that, by seeing and taking stock of the dilemma in which these responses to the skeptical problem are caught, we can come to appreciate Wittgenstein’s own view of what might constitute a proper a response to the so-called problem of rule-following. This view can be preliminarily characterized by saying that Wittgenstein’s aim is to dissolve the temptation to philosophically rebut the skeptical challenge posed by the rule-following dialectic, an aim he achieves by revealing the semantic emptiness of the apparent sentences that raise the skeptical problem.
Passion for Life: Love and Meaning
Authors: Kronqvist Camilla
Published: February 2023

Does one’s love for a particular person, when it is pure, also constitute a love of life? The significance of speaking about leading a passionate life, I submit, is found in the spontaneous, embodied character of opening up to and finding meaning in one’s life rather than in heightened fleeting feelings or experiences of meaning that help one forget life’s meaninglessness. I contrast this view with Simone Weil’s suspicion that our passionate attachment to another person is an obstacle to attending to him or her from the distance proper to love and friendship. From that perspective it appears as if the meaning with which personal love endows life is mostly illusory, including the loss of meaning characteristic of grief. I question whether Weil’s view should be seen as an unconditional, though for most unattainable, ideal of love, or if it is rather expressive of a rejection of one of the central features of love: the vulnerability that ensues from the recognition that when we love there are times where we stand in need of the other’s love to be able to embrace life as meaningful.
The Logbook of Editing Wittgenstein's "Philosophische Bemerkungen"
Authors: Erbacher Christian , Jung Julia , Seibel Anne
Published: February 2023

Rush Rhees, Elizabeth Anscombe and Georg Henrik von Wright were Wittgenstein’s literary heirs and edited many posthumous volumes from Wittgenstein’s writings. Their archived correspondence provides unique insights into this editorial work. The selection of letters written by Rhees which is presented here stems from an early phase of his editorial endeavour to shed light on Wittgenstein’s philosophical development between the TLP and the PI. The letters were written between 1962 and 1964, in connection with the volume that appeared as Philosophische Bemerkungen (PB 1964), and show how Rhees’ understanding of Wittgenstein’s texts developed during editing. They contain some of the central considerations that governed Rhees’ work as Wittgenstein’s literary executor.
Review of Ian Dearden: "Do Philosophers Talk Nonsense?"
Authors: Fredriksson Antony
Published: February 2023

Book review of Ian Dearden: Do Philosophers Talk Nonsense?  An inquiry into the possibility of illusions of meaning (Revised edition). London, Rellet Press 2013, 136 pp.
Review of Wittgenstein on Thought and Will by Roger Teichmann (2)
Authors: Richter Duncan
Published: February 2023

Review of Teichmann, Roger, Wittgenstein on Thought and Will. New York/Oxford: Abingdon Books, Routledge 2015.
GESTOS NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
Authors: FREITAS SAVANA DOS ANJOS , ANDRADE NETO AGOSTINHO SERRANO DE
Published: February 2023

RESUMO: Os gestos que realizamos podem auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem? O presente artigo sintetiza o estado da arte sobre o assunto no campo da educação, com um olhar específico para a comunicação gestual. A pesquisa foi encontrada em praticamente todos os níveis de ensino sobre o uso de gestos como uma forma de ajudar os alunos a aprender uma segunda língua, educação inclusiva e educação de ciências e matemática. Em geral, existem evidências sólidas de que a comunicação gestual auxilia na avaliação e introdução de uma nova palavra no ensino de uma segunda língua; como recurso adicional para professores e alunos com deficiência e como ferramenta para contribuir para o ensino de conceitos considerados abstratos e complexos na área do ensino de ciências e matemática. Interessante é a forte evidência de que o gesto constitui um canal oculto, mas poderoso, para trocar informações, aprender e até mesmo como uma ferramenta para ajudar a raciocinar.
GESTURES IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: FREITAS SAVANA DOS ANJOS , ANDRADE NETO AGOSTINHO SERRANO DE
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT: Can our gestures aid the teaching and learning process? This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art on the subject within the educational field, focusing on gestural communication. There have been studies at virtually all levels of education regarding the use of gestures to assist students in learning a second language, inclusive education, and science and math education. In general, there is solid evidence supporting that gestural communication helps in the evaluation and introduction of a new word in the teaching of a second language; as an additional resource for teachers and students with disabilities; and as a tool to contribute to the teaching of concepts considered abstract and complex in the field of science and mathematics teaching. We highlight the strong evidence that gesture constitutes a hidden yet powerful channel to exchange information, learn, and a tool to help reason.
Vigilância civil em saúde, estudos de população e participação popular
Authors: Guimarães Raphael Mendonça , Martins Thalyta Cássia de Freitas , Dutra Viviane Gomes Parreira , Oliveira Mariana dos Passos Ribeiro Pinto Basilio de , Santos Laís Pimenta Ribeiro dos , Crepaldi Matheus Moutinho , Cavalcante João Roberto
Published: February 2023

RESUMO Em meados dos anos 1990, Victor Valla propôs a incorporação da participação da população à prática da vigilância em saúde, por meio da educação popular de Paulo Freire. Esse contraponto às práticas tradicionais da vigilância, nomeadas vigilância civil da saúde, somam-se à concepção ampliada de saúde, e possuem forte ligação com a perspectiva crítica da epidemiologia enquanto meio de compreender a relação dialética entre classes sociais e seus espaços vividos. A prática da vigilância civil pretende superar lacunas importantes deixadas pelos métodos tradicionais de investigação em saúde pública, como falta de atenção aos contextos socioculturais, construção do risco localizada somente no indivíduo e representação de agendas de saúde pública que privilegiam e patologizam certos comportamentos. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho debate o conceito de vigilância civil da saúde, o locus de discussão dos estudos de população na reificação do papel do efeito contextual para a explicação da produção social da saúde e a incorporação da participação popular à vigilância em saúde como elemento de transformação social. O aprofundamento dessa discussão, no limite, permite uma construção participativa de novos modelos de saúde concentrados na redução efetiva das iniquidades em saúde e, consequentemente, universalização efetiva do direito à saúde.
Analysis of the Chilean health system and its structure in social participation
Authors: Mella Patricio Fabián Oliva , Narváez Carmen Gloria
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT The political-economic development that Chile has had in recent decades has allowed the evolution of its health institutions, where hospital coverage, management, and infrastructure have been improved. The health policy organization is highly centralized and structured by the State, and this has allowed the rapid implementation of several programs. On the other hand, participation is maintained within the spaces allowed by institutionality. However, there is permanent pressure from non-governmental groups asking for different governance. Therefore, moving from a participatory reactivity in health matters to permanent proactivity is desired, although this requires a constant dialogue between the State and citizens. This paper analyzes the Chilean health system and how it relates to subsequent citizen participation, highlighting the elements that, under the current social reality, require a change to satisfy the population adequately.
Repercussões da pandemia da Covid-19 em crianças do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Romanzini Andréia Vedana , Botton Letícia Thomasi Jahnke , Vivian Aline Groff
Published: February 2023

RESUMO A saúde mental infantil no contexto da pandemia precisa ser observada com atenção devido a maior vulnerabilidade emocional dessa população. Objetivou-se conhecer as questões emocionais e comportamentais vivenciadas pelas crianças durante o período da pandemia da Covid-19, conforme a percepção dos pais. Buscou-se identificar as necessidades emocionais e psicológicas das crianças em idade escolar, matriculadas no Ensino Fundamental I, com idades entre seis e dez anos, de duas escolas privadas de um município do Vale do Caí/RS. Estudo qualitativo, cujas entrevistas foram realizadas por meio da plataforma Google Meet. Os dados foram gravados e transcritos, submetidos à análise de conteúdo qualitativa de Bardin, com auxílio do QRS NVivo. Os resultados foram organizados em duas categorias: percepção dos pais acerca das necessidades emocionais infantis; e aspectos promotores da saúde mental para as crianças durante o período de distanciamento social da pandemia da Covid-19. As crianças estiveram sujeitas a desenvolver ansiedade, entre outros comportamentos acionados pelo distanciamento social, tais como tristeza, agressividade e medo. Porém, estratégias de promoção da saúde, brincadeiras, passeios ao ar livre, em áreas verdes aos quais as famílias tinham acesso, e o diálogo adotado por parte dos pais colaboraram para a promoção da saúde mental das crianças.
A puericultura no SUS: o cuidado da criança na perspectiva da atenção integral à saúde
Authors: Albernaz Antonio Luiz Goncalves , Couto Maria Cristina Ventura
Published: February 2023

RESUMO O termo puericultura é atribuído ao pediatra, mas tem sido utilizado pela Estratégia Saúde da Família. Uma breve história da infância e da evolução do seu cuidado até a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde auxilia na compreensão de que, a rigor, puericultura sempre significou cuidado da criança. Este ensaio teve por objetivo compreender a história da puericultura e contribuir para atualizar o seu significado e sua importância para o cuidado da primeira infância no âmbito da Atenção Básica à saúde, com base em revisão narrativa sobre cuidado da criança e puericultura na literatura científica e em documentos do Ministério da Saúde. A puericultura tem se atualizado com a evolução das ações para o cuidado da criança. Começou de forma individualizada, pela caridade e filantropia, e, na atualidade, ampliou-se, operando em rede, coordenada pela Atenção Básica. O termo puericultura é resgatado como cuidado da criança e inserido na rede por meio de políticas públicas. O cuidado deve ser oferecido na perspectiva da atenção integral à saúde, onde a criança estiver, atendendo às suas necessidades, incluindo as de crianças com deficiências permanentes. Esses debates precisam estar inseridos na formação do pediatra e podem contribuir para o enfrentamento da fragmentação do cuidado.
Estudo do desempenho mecânico de geopolímero produzido com auto teor de ferro
Authors: Silva Marina Carvalho da , Racanelli Lêda de Azevedo , Souza José Antônio da Silva , Quaresma João Nazareno Nonato , Corrêa Matheus Silva
Published: February 2023

RESUMO A característica mais comum dos cimentos geopoliméricos é que eles contêm uma quantidade relativamente pequena de óxidos de ferro. Isso se deve ao fato de que vários cientistas desconfiam da ação nociva de alguns compostos ferrosos no desenvolvimento da reação geopolimérica. Para alguns pesquisadores o Fe pode interferir negativamente no processo de geopolimerização do material, enquanto que, em alguns novos estudos o papel do Fe tem revelado resultados interessantes. No intuito de verificar a resistência mecânica alcançada pelo geopolímero obtido a partir do rejeito da lavagem da bauxita, que possui em sua composição alto teor de ferro, a presente pesquisa pretende utilizar 100% dessa matéria-prima calcinada como precursor, e reagentes como o NaOH e Na2SiO3 como ativadores no processo. Todos os materiais foram caracterizados perante suas propriedades físicas e mineralógicas, a fim de possibilitar a correta dosagem dos materiais. Com os geopolímeros obtidos, avaliou-se a resistência a compressão, variando a concentração de NaOH em 8 M e 10 M para diferentes tempos de cura (7 e 28 dias). Análise de difração de raios X (DRX), Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análise granulométrica e testes de resistência mecânica. Mesmo com aproximadamente 25% de ferro, os geopolímeros apresentaram comportamento mecânico compatível com funções atribuídas e similares a normativa estabelecida para o cimento Portland, com resistência máxima de 25,85 MPa.
Influência da estratégia de Estimulação Auditiva Rítmica com música associada à fisioterapia sobre os sintomas depressivos no Parkinson
Authors: Oliveira Cleysiane de Araujo , Gondim Ihana Thaís Guerra de Oliveira , Azevedo Izaura Muniz , Alves Cilene Rejane Ramos , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: February 2023

RESUMO A sintomatologia depressiva (SD) é comum na doença de Parkinson (DP) e considerada fator importante para má qualidade de vida e incapacidade do indivíduo. Intervenções terapêuticas baseadas em ritmo e música, a exemplo da Estimulação Auditiva Rítmica (EAR), têm sido utilizadas no tratamento da mobilidade e parecem influenciar positivamente o estado de humor do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito da EAR com música associada à fisioterapia no estado de humor de pessoas com DP, com ênfase na SD. Trata-se de estudo quase experimental, com amostra de 18 pacientes com idades entre 40 e 80 anos e diagnóstico clínico de DP idiopática nos estágios leve a moderado. Os pacientes foram randomizados em dois grupos: grupo EAR e grupo-controle (GC). A SD foi avaliada por meio da versão em português do Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Os escores do BDI apresentaram redução em ambos os grupos. Entretanto, apenas no grupo EAR essa redução foi significativa, com diferença média no escore três vezes maior do que no GC.
Restrição à atividade física na pandemia está associada com menor autoeficácia para dor na população com dor musculoesquelética: um estudo transversal
Authors: Rodrigues Isabela de Paula , Santos Júnior Francisco Fleury Uchoa , Alaiti Rafael Krasic , Oliveira Anamaria Siriani de
Published: February 2023

RESUMO Durante a pandemia de COVID-19, observou-se um menor nível de prática de atividade física pela população, o que pode influenciar o nível de autoeficácia para dor na população com dor musculoesquelética. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se existe associação entre o tempo de prática de atividade física e o nível de autoeficácia para dor na população com dor musculoesquelética durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo, controlada por variáveis biopsicossociais. Realizou-se um estudo através de um formulário online com questões sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, tempo semanal de prática de atividade física, níveis de estresse e ansiedade, intensidade de dor e autoeficácia para dor (PSEQ-10 - Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire). A análise estatística ocorreu por meio de dois modelos de regressão linear múltipla, com (modelo A) e sem (modelo B) o controle dos dados por fatores psicoemocionais (ansiedade e estresse) em 150 pessoas. Foi encontrada associação entre o tempo de prática de atividade física semanal e o nível de autoeficácia para dor no modelo A (p=0,0271, β=1,914) e no modelo B (p=0,0333, β=1,826). Intensidade de dor durante a pandemia, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e sexo, dentre as variáveis de controle, também foram associadas ao nível de autoeficácia para dor. Maior tempo de prática de atividade física foi associado a maior nível de autoeficácia para dor na população com dor musculoesquelética durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Intensidade de dor durante a pandemia, IMC e sexo também foram associados ao nível de autoeficácia para dor.
Use of specialized public health services by older people in southern Brazil
Authors: Lütz Karen Chisini Coutinho , Bierhals Carla Cristiane Becker Kottwitz , Rosset Idiane , Paskulin Lisiane Manganelli Girardi
Published: February 2023

Abstract Objective To analyze the use of specialized public health services by older adults, by sex and age group, in the city of Porto Alegre. Methods A cross-sectional study with secondary data from the city's outpatient and inpatient consultation systems. All records from 2019 were used, and Pearson's chi-square test was applied. Results In total, 64,888 older people sought specialized services, generating 113.694 visits (82,8% outpatient visits and 17.2% hospitalizations). It was found that 74.7% of the older adults were referred by primary care for specialized care, with higher percentages of young older people and women (p<0.001). On the other hand, men and older adults aged 80 years or older were referred more frequently for care from hospitals and emergency rooms (p<0.001). Women and older adults between 60 and 79 years old used outpatient centers, physical therapy, rehabilitation centers, dentistry and mental health in greater proportion (p<0.001). The main reasons for using specialized services were diseases of the circulatory system, being more expressive among older adults aged 80 years or older and men (p<0.001). Musculoskeletal diseases (22.5%) were the main reasons for outpatient consultations and, in emergency hospitalizations, diseases of the circulatory system (37.9%). Older adults with a history of outpatient consultations had fewer hospital admissions (p<0.001). Conclusion The need for articulated actions by health services is highlighted, prioritizing the male and long-lived population, focusing on the prevention/control of non-communicable chronic diseases and the vulnerabilities of this stage of life.
Pollution assessment of antimony in shooting range soils
Authors: Dinake  , Mokgosi  , Kelebemang  , Kereeditse  , Motswetia
Published: February 2023

Soil samples collected from the berm at Thebephatshwa (TAB) shooting range found in Botswana showed variable total concentrations of antimony in the range 38±1 to 283±12 mg/kg. Total antimony concentrations found in the soils were higher than the set regulatory levels by the World Health Organization (36 mg/kg) and the United States Protection Agency (31 mg/kg). The upper berm showed elevated levels of antimony (283±12 mg/kg) due, in part, to the highest density of spent projectiles found in this part of the berm. Sequential extraction studies established that antimony was partitioned mostly in the organic and residual fractions of the soil. Environmental pollution risk assessment based on geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF) and enrichment factor (EF) indicated all four sections of the berm posed high risk to the environment. The upper berm exhibited extreme pollution from antimony (Igeo ~9), very high contamination (CF ~744) and extreme antimony enrichment (EF ~506) compared to the other three sections studied. Elevated levels of antimony at TAB shooting range call for best shooting range management practices, soil remediation and reclamation methods to be carried out at this shooting range to minimize the mobility and bioavailability of antimony.
Effect of a Hands-On Chemistry Intervention on the behavioural and effective attitudes of learners from low socio-economic high schools
Authors: Swartbooi T , Rubidge G , Gibbs M , Ferg E
Published: February 2023

This research focused on the effect that three easily accessible, cost-effective, and hands-on chemistry experiments which are aligned to Curriculum Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS), had on Grade 9 learners from low socio-economic high schools. These experiments were conducted in an after-school science club format at two quintile-1 high schools situated in Gqeberha, South Africa. The learners' behavioural and affective attitudes were examined using group interviews (n = 6) and a survey (n = 61). The findings from this study showed that learners wanted to share knowledge with their peers and community after learning new scientific skills at the science-club. Learners also recognized the economic and practical importance of science related careers. Responses revealed that learners lose interest if the science does not actively connect or engage with their current circumstances. This study also showed that learners were further motivated to pursue studies in Physical Science in Grades 10 to 12.
Recyclable polymeric ionic liquids applied as metal-free transfer hydrogenation catalysts
Authors: Dhimba G , Bala M
Published: February 2023

A new methodology for immobilizing a triazolium salt onto polyethylene glycols (PEG) was developed. The immobilization is a two-step reaction, involving the tosylation of PEGs followed by a neat reaction between the PEG tosylates and the triazole. It is a high-yielding reaction conducted under mild conditions with a simple workup procedure. Hence, the salt 1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazolium iodide was immobilised onto PEGs of varying chain lengths (PEG300_8000) to yield various polymeric ionic liquids (PILs). All the PIL compounds were characterised by spectroscopic analysis and utilised as homogeneous metal-free organocatalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones to alcohols in isopropanol as solvent and hydrogen source. The metal-free PIL catalysts showed activity for transforming acetophenone to 1-phenyl alcohol at up to 87% conversion. The representative PEG600 system was recycled three times with minimal loss in activity. The mechanism of a possible catalyst leaching was investigated using computational calculations. The results reveal that the promoter, isopropanol, also promotes the leaching of the triazole from the PEG backbone.
Effervescence assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for spectrophotometry determination of chromium (VI) in water, tannery effluent, milk, and orange juice samples
Authors: Kebede A , Tilachew G , Chirfa G , Gure A
Published: February 2023

In this paper, effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was proposed for selective extraction and preconcentration of Cr (VI) prior to its quantitative determination by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Before employing the method, Cr (VI) ions available in the samples were complexed with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide in an acidic medium. Experimental parameters influencing the performances of the method including pH, the concentration of the complexing agent, type and volume of both extraction solvent and effervescent agent, stability of the complex, and effect of extraction time were thoroughly studied and optimized. Calibration curve plotted from 0.005-2.0 mg L-1 demonstrated good linearity (R2 = 0.9992). The limits of detection and quantification of the method were 0.001 and 0.005 mg L-1, respectively. The method provided an enrichment factor of 21.4. Precision studies in terms of repeatability, intermediate precision, and reproducibility were conducted at three concentration levels and their RSD values were <6.2. The ruggedness of the method studied at different wavelengths (535-545 nm) had RSD values <3.3. The recoveries of the method were from 83.0-117.6%. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Cr (VI) from various matrices including tap, well, and river water; tannery effluent; milk; and orange juice samples.
Increasing the efficiency of secondary resources in the mining and metallurgical industry
Authors: Jandieri G.
Published: February 2023

An improved methodology is presented for assessing the economic feasibility and effectiveness of recycling industrial waste. The methodology is based on the break-even control mechanism, but at the same time provides for the introduction of new evaluation criteria such as the threshold of conditionality and the degree of ore substitution. Based on an improved analysis, it becomes possible to more precisely predict recycling efficiency. A more refined determination of the lower limit of concentration of recoverable metals, at which technogenic waste can be assigned the status of secondary raw materials and processed profitably, leads to a significant expansion of the secondary raw material base suitable for recycling. The potential for recycling manganese-containing dust from the production of ferrosilicomanganese, dehydrated sludge from the hydro separation of slags, and cake from the production of electrolytic manganese dioxide at the Chiatura mining enterprise is used as an example. It is shown that with a threshold of -24% Mn content, the highest recycling efficiency can be achieved by the production of low-phosphorus manganese slag and conversion to ferrosilicomanganese using the above waste to replace 40-60% grade III and IV manganese concentrates in the feed.
Innovar en periodismo deportivo. Aportes desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar
Authors: De La Paz Jorge Carlos
Published: February 2023

El propósito de esta investigación es revisar la bibliografía académica sobre innovación, en los ámbitos de gestión empresarial, innovación creativa e innovación mediática. El objetivo es identificar los elementos que contribuyen a los estudios sobre innovación en el campo periodístico en aspectos como metodologías, conceptualizaciones y teorías. La consideración central del artículo es expandir el potencial del trabajo interdisciplinario, lo cual posibilitaría enriquecer las investigaciones sobre innovación, específicamente en el periodismo deportivo, un campo caracterizado por la precarización y las crisis cíclicas, donde periodistas y organizaciones necesitan aprovechar las oportunidades que brindan tanto las herramientas tecnológicas como los conocimientos en innovación. Se utiliza la técnica de investigacióndocumental como metodología para identificar los estudios relacionados con los temas mencionados. Seanalizó una muestra de 75 publicaciones en revistas sobre innovación, ubicadas en cuartiles 1 y 2. Como resultados, se encontró que las áreas más investigadas comprenden la innovación y creatividad, el lide-razgo, el papel de los miembros de una organización para desarrollar ideas innovadoras, las relacionesentre innovar y emprender y el desarrollo de ecosistemas de emprendedores. Por último, se plantean algunas propuestas para futuras investigaciones.
La gestión de la comunicación en el ciclismo profesional. El caso de la Vuelta a Asturias
Authors: Alonso García Raúl , Ballesteros-Herencia Carlos A.
Published: February 2023

Esta investigación analiza la gestión comunicativa de la Vuelta a Asturias, una de las competiciones ciclistas más antiguas del calendario español, incluida en la categoría UCI Europe Tour 2.1. El estudio describe la gestión informativa tanto de la prensa especializada como de equipos ciclistas y organización. Se realizó una triangulación de métodos, partiendo de una revisión bibliográfica, para efectuar a continuación un análisis de contenido de las informaciones publicadas en El Comercio, La Nueva España, Marca y Ciclismo a Fondo durante los días previos y el transcurso de la edición de 2021. Los resultados de estas dos primeras fases sirvieron para realizar una serie de entrevistas a profesionales dela comunicación encargados de la organización y difusión de la prueba asturiana. De este modo, se ha podido describir, por un lado, cómo es la gestión de la comunicación desde los propios equipos ciclistas y la organización de la prueba, y por otro, cómo se realiza la cobertura de este evento por parte de los periodistas encargados de estas labores especializadas. Se detectó una aplicación rápida y progresiva de las nuevas tecnologías por parte de periodistas y departamentos de comunicación, un creativo proceso dedesintermediación informativa por parte de los equipos ciclistas, la importancia de generar procesos de identificación y el patrocinio deportivo como pieza informativa clave.
De la estrategia a la veracidad: actitud de los líderes políticos españoles en el inicio de la campaña de vacunación contra la COVID-19
Authors: Méndez-Majuelos María Inés , Melero-Petit Inés María , Domínguez-García Ricardo
Published: February 2023

Twitter se ha convertido en la red social de Internet preferida por la mayoría de los líderes políticos y suutilización durante los meses más duros de la COVID-19 es significativa. Este trabajo analiza los efectos que los discursos de los principales líderes políticos en España han tenido en la gestión de la comunicación de la COVID-19, con el objetivo de comprobar cómo su discurso ha influido en la transparencia y enel aumento de la desinformación en este momento. Asimismo, estos datos permitirán observar cuáles sonlas técnicas comunicativas utilizadas por los representantes políticos más representativos y vinculados ala gestión de la pandemia en tres comunidades autónomas españolas. A partir de una base metodológicade triple enfoque, se realizará un análisis de contenido de carácter cuantitativo, cualitativo y discursivo,analizando los datos con la herramienta SPSS, versión 24. Los resultados obtenidos muestran cómolas fuentes institucionales han propagado en Twitter un contenido de carácter opinativo más que infor -mativo. Además se ha comprobado que la saturación de mensajes en la red ha dado lugar a una mayorutilización de mecanismos de falacias por parte de los sujetos institucionales analizados y, por tanto, se ha podido determinar que la forma en la que se ha gestionado la comunicación sobre la COVID-19 ha contribuido al incremento de la desinformación.
TİROİD TÜMÖRLERİNDE İMMÜNOHİSTOKİMYASAL OLARAK NEOVASKÜLER PSMA VE CD34 EKSPRESYONLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KIRAN Mehmet , ÇİRİŞ İbrahim Metin
Published: February 2023

Amaç Bu çalışmanın amacı tiroid tümörlerinde Prostat Spesifik Membran Antijen (PSMA) ekspresyonunun ayrıcı tanıdaki yeri ve prognoz üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem Farklı histolojik tipteki 95 tiroid kanseri tanısı alan hastaların parafin bloklarına immünohistokimyasal PSMA ve CD34 uygulandı. Tümöral ve ekstratümoral stromadaki vasküler ekspresyon yüzdesi ve tümör epitelindeki yoğunluk skoru değerlendirildi ve PSMA ekspresyon düzeyine göre gruplara ayrıldı. Nihai PSMA ifadesi, yoğunluk ve yüzde puanları çarpılarak belirlendi. Bulgular Tiroid tümörlerinde yeni damar oluşumu olan alanlarda PSMA ile ekspresyon artışı izlendi. Non-neoplastik tiroid dokusunda PSMA ile vasküler boyanma saptanmadı. Papiller Benzeri Nükleer Özellikler Gösteren Noninvaziv Foliküler Neoplazi (NİFTP) vakalarında agresif tümörlere göre karşılaştırıldığında ekspresyon artışı görülmedi Sonuç PSMA ekspresyon artışının kötü prognozla ilişkili olduğu saptandı ve NİFTP vakalarının diğer tümörler ile ayrımında kullanılabileceği yönünde bulgular saptandı
PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE AMELİYATHANE ÇALIŞANLARINDA TÜKENMİŞLİĞİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KURT Devrim Tanıl , ÇAKIRCA Müge
Published: February 2023

Amaç

Koronavirüs pandemisiyle birlikte genelde tüm sağlık

çalışanları, özelde de ameliyathane personelleri zor

şartlarla çalışmak zorunda kaldılar. Bu çalışmanın

amacı, ameliyathane çalışanlarında tükenmişlik seviyelerini

incelemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem

Şubat 2021’de ameliyathanede çalışan 162 sağlık

çalışanına Kopenhag tükenmişlik ölçeği uygulandı.

Katılımcıların kişisel, iş ve pandemi ile ilişkili olmak

üzere üç alt başlıkta tükenmişlik seviyeleri ölçüldü. 50

puan üzerinde skorlar yüksek tükenmişlik olarak kabul

edildi.

Bulgular

Kişisel tükenmişlik 66.9±19.5, iş ile ilgili tükenmişlik

66.8 ± 16.1, pandemi ile ilişkili tükenmişlik 74.3± 12.1

olarak bulundu. Tüm alt ölçekler için kadın cinsiyette

olanların daha yüksek skora sahip oldukları bulundu.

Sonuç

Ameliyathane çalışanlarının pandemi dönemindeki

tükenmişlik düzeyleri yüksek seviyelerde tespit edilmiştir.

Tükenmişliği azaltacak veya önleyecek eylemlere

bu konuda ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
EXCESSIVE USE OF FLAXSEED MAY POSE A THREAT TO KIDNEY TISSUE: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: ARMAĞAN İlkay , YEŞİLOT Şükriye
Published: February 2023

Objective

We aimed to investigate the effects of flaxseed,

which is widely used due to its healing effects, on the

kidney tissue when the daily recommended dose is

exceeded.

Material and Methods

We divided the male Wistar Albino rats into four

groups of eight, namely the control, OD-1 (1.4 mg/

kg/d), OD-2 (2.8 mg/kg/d), and OD-3 (5.6 mg/kg/d)

groups. Ground flaxseed was administered to each

overdose group by oral gavage for 7 days. At the

end of the experiment, blood and kidney samples

were collected. Blood samples were centrifuged and

serum was separated for renal function analyses.

The half of the kidney samples were stored at -20

°C until biochemical analyses and we fixed the

remaining tissues with 10% buffered formalin for

histopathological analysis.

Results

Serum urea and BUN levels were significantly

increased in all overdose groups compared to the

control group (for all p˂0.05). TAS levels significantly

decreased in the OD-3 group compared to the control

(p=0.044). There was an increase renal TOS levels

in all overdose groups compared to the control

and also, OSI level of the OD-3 group significantly

increased compared to the control (p=0.016). While

histopathological changes were not observed in OD-1

and OD-2 groups compared to the control group,

there were non-significant histopathological changes

in OD-3 group.

Conclusion

It was concluded that the use of flaxseed above the

recommended daily dose can pose a threat to kidney

tissue. So, while being used for its benefit, in order not

to be exposed to its toxic effects, overuse and longterm

use should be avoided.
The monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MoDC) assay – an in vitro assay for testing the immunogenicity of cellular therapies v2
Authors: J Curle Annabel
Published: February 2023

The monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MoDC) assay can be used to test, in vitro, the immunogenicity of potential regenerative medicine cellular therapies. Similar to a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), cells of interest (COI) are co-cultured with T cells, but with the addition of induced professional antigen presenting cells (APCs; moDCs) to ensure optimal T cell activation and to improve the limited sensitivity of the MLR-like assay. Autologous CD14+ monocytes and T cells are isolated from PBMCs. Monocytes are differentiated to mature dendritic cells over 7 days, then co-cultured with T cells and cells of interest for 5 days. Recommended readouts of the assay are ELISA (for IFNg/TNFa release) and flow cytometry (for T cell proliferation and CD25 expression). Positive controls wells of allogeneic moDC/T cells and bead-activated T cells are utilised. Biological replicates can be run in parallel. Well-well variation is minimal, but samples can be run in technical duplicates if desired.
Degradación del clorotalonilo por un consorcio microbiano aislado de humedales construidos en ensayos de laboratorio
Authors: Ríos-Montes Karina A.
Published: February 2023

A escala de laboratorio se evaluó la degradación del clorotalonilo (CLT) por un consorcio microbiano aislado de la biopelícula formada en la grava de humedales construidos de flujo subsuperficial horizontal, usados para el tratamiento de agua residual agrícola, y se estimó el efecto del plaguicida en la dinámica de crecimiento de la comunidad de heterótrofos totales (HT) y la población de Pseudomonas spp. Una concentración de CTL de 0,6 mg l-1 y dos niveles de concentración de carbono orgánico disuelto (COD) de 20 y 100 mg l-1 (empleando glucosa como fuente de carbono), fueron usados en la experimentación llevada a cabo en una solución de agua residual sintética. Las variables respuesta fueron: concentración residual de CLT, concentración residual de COD, y recuento de unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) de las poblaciones de HT y Pseudomonas spp. Las variables control que se midieron durante el proceso para determinar cambios en las condiciones fisicoquímicas del medio, fueron: conductividad eléctrica, oxígeno disuelto, pH y potencial redox. Se comprobó que el nivel de concentración de carbono orgánico afectó notablemente la degradación del CLT. Con 100 mg l-1 de COD se alcanzó 99,7% de degradación de CLT a las 168 horas del ensayo; en tanto que 45,1%, se alcanzó con 20 mg l-1 de COD. En el análisis cromatográfico no se detectaron productos de degradación.
Cristalización de la endonucleasa EndoG recombinante de Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis
Authors: Patiño-Márquez Isabel A. , Alzate Juan F. , Patiño-González Edwin
Published: February 2023

Antecedentes y objetivos: La endonucleasa G (EndoG) es una enzima que escinde específicamente en las posiciones dG y dC del ADN de cadena doble y se ha demostrado que participa en la degradación de la cromatina durante el proceso de apoptosis en Leishmania. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue la purificación y cristalización de EndoG como preámbulo para los estudios estructurales futuros que permitan entender detalladamente el funcionamiento de esta enzima. Materiales y métodos: La proteína EndoG fue purificada en condiciones desnaturalizantes usando cromatografía de Ni, luego fue renaturalizada in vitro y cristalizada por el método de difusión de vapor por gota colgante. Resultados y conclusión: La proteína EndoG de Leishmania (viannia) panamensis fue sobreexpresada, renaturalizada, purificada y demostró estar enzimáticamente activa. Aquí, se registra la primera cristalización exitosa de la proteína EndoG de este grupo de parásitos protozoarios. La proteína fue cristalizada por el método de difusión de vapor por gota colgante. Se obtuvieron cristales de alta calidad de EndoG que posiblemente nos permitirán determinar la estructura tridimensional de EndoG usando difracción de rayos-X.
4+4+4 Düzenlemesiyle Okula Erken Yaşta Başlayan Çocuklar: “Bir Yaş Daha Büyük Olsaydım Çok Daha İyi Olurdu!”
Authors: ŞAHİN Ali E. , ZORALOĞLU Saadet , KARDAŞ İŞLER Nergiz
Published: February 2023

Türkiye’de okula başlama yaşı 6287 sayılı Kanun ile düzenlenmiş ve 2012-2013 öğretim yılında 60 aylık çocuklar da okula başlamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 60-68 aylık okula başlayan çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin yaşantılarını, kendi görüşleri doğrultusunda derinlemesine incelemektir. Bu olgubilim (fenomenoloji) araştırmasında veriler, 2020-2021 öğretim yılında yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 2012-2013 öğretim yılında okula başlamış olan 23 çocuk ve 20 ebeveyn oluşturmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, çocukların okula gönderilme nedenleri, katılımcıların yaşantıları ve yaşantılarına dayanan öneriler olmak üzere üç kategoride sunulmuştur. Ebeveynler çocuklarını, 4+4+4 düzenlemesi veya kendi istekleri nedeni ile okula göndermişlerdir. Katılımcıların yaşantıları; çocukların erken yaşta okula başlamaları nedeniyle okul yıllarında aile, öğretmen ve akran etkileşiminde olumlu ve olumsuz deneyimleri olduğunu göstermiştir. İlkokul döneminde, çocukların bireysel gelişimlerinin yeterli olgunluğa erişememesinden kaynaklı yaşananlar, ortaokul ve lise dönemine de yansımıştır. Katılımcılar kendi deneyimleri doğrultusunda; okul öncesi eğitimin gerekliliğini, okula başlama yaşının yeniden düzenlenmesini, okulların ve yapılan düzenlemelerin çocuğa uygun şekilde gerçekleştirilmesini önermişlerdir. Bulgulardan yola çıkılarak; okula başlama yaşındaki düzenlemenin bilimsel bir temelde yapılması, okul öncesi eğitimin zorunlu olması, öğretmenlerin öğretimi farklılaştırması ve öğretim programının çocuğa uygun biçimde düzenlenmesi önerilmiştir.