bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN STRUKTUR KALIMAT BAHASA PERTAMA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA MASYARAKAT TOMONI TIMUR KABUPATEN LUWU TIMUR
Authors: Harsia Harsia , Sehe Sehe
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan : (i) penerapan struktur bahasa pertama terhadap penggunaan bahasa Indonesia pada masyarakat Tomoni Timur Kabupaten Luwu Timur; dan (ii) jenis kalimat yang digunakan responden (masayarakat) dalam percakapan, baik percakapan pada saat transaksi jual beli di Pasar, di pesta pernikahan, maupun percakapan di rumah ibadah (masjid, gereja, dan pura).

Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analitik, sintetik, dan mactching. Analitik, sintetik, dan mactching yang dimaksudkan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengkajian terhadap beberapa satuan satuan dari bahasa pertama (Bahasa Toraja, Bugis, Jawa, dan Bali) dan bahasa Indonesia sebagai Bahasa kedua dengan memilah satuan bahasa tersebut secara terpisah serta mencocokkan satuan kedua bahasa tersebut, baik persamaan maupun perbedaannya. Kemudian menyelidiki dan menarik kesimpulan dari satuan yang terpisah itu secara holistik (Selinger, 1989). Di antara satuan bahasa yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah satuan sintaksis berupa kalimat. Teknik pengumpulan data:(i) rekaman (merekam percakapan informan), (ii) observasi, dan (iii) wawancara. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah masyarakat trasmigrasi yang berdomisi di Kecamatan Tomoni Timur yang terdiri dari empat suku dan Bahasa daerah (Toraja, Bugis, Jawa, dan Bali).

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan struktur bahasa pertama terhadap penggunaan bahasa Indonesia pada masyarakat Tomoni Timur di Kabupaten Luwu Timur ditunjukkan dengan penggunaan struktur kalimat bahasa pertama dan bahasa Indonesia secara timbal-balik. Baik penggunaan struktur kalimat bahasa pertama yang sesuai maupun yang tidak sesuai dengan struktur kalimat bahasa Indonesia. Jenis kalimat yang digunakan informan dalam percakapan pada saat transaksi jual beli di pasar, di pesta pernikahan, dan di rumah ibadah (Masjid, Pura, dan Gereja) adalah kalimat tanya, kalimat penyangkalan seperti kata ingkar tidak (semua informan pada umumnya menggunakan kata ingkar tidak), sebagian besar informan menggunakan kalimat majemuk dalam percakapan kurang sesuai dengan kaidah bahasa Indonesia. Penggunaan kalimat pasif dan aktif dalam percakapannya kurang sesuai dengan kaidah bahasa kedua (bahasa Indonesia). Implikasi pemerolehan bahasa pertama dan pemerolehan bahasa Indonesia terhadap penggunaan bahasa Indonesia (mengenai struktur kalimat) terjadi kesenjangan di antara bahasa pertama dan bahasa Indonesia artinya bahwa penggunaan bahasa Indonesia di masyarakat dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan bahasa pertama informan, baik dari segi kaidah maupun dari segi aksennya.
CULTURAL CONTENT ANALYSIS IN TWO EFL TEXTBOOKS USED BY BOARDING SCHOOLS IN BANTEN: A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Amelia Hilya Nur , Rachmawati Dina , Rima Rosmania
Published: November 2022

Learning a language also contains a cultural learning component. Teaching a foreign language in a country can help to promote the learner’s local culture. English is the most significant language for cross-cultural communication amongst people all over the world in these global Englishes. English is included in the education curriculum in Indonesia and has been learned as a foreign language since the elementary school level. This study aims to find out the cultural content in EFL Textbooks used by Boarding Schools in Banten as well as how the representation of culture in the textbooks. Kachru’s Three Concentric Circle of English (1984) and Moran’s Five Dimension of Culture (2001) were used as the main theory in this study. Content analysis qualitative research was used in this study. This research is a multimodal analysis because the data is not only in the form of words but also from pictures and audio. The subjects of this analysis are two textbooks used by SMA Islam Nurul Fikri Serang and SMAN CMBBS Pandeglang with the textbooks title are “Pathway to English” Grade X and “Symphony 1” Grade X.  Mile and Huberman’s theory about qualitative data analysis method (2014) i.e. Data Condensation, Data display, and Conclusion drawing used in this study for analyzing the data. The data analysis on the two textbooks reveals that first, Inner circle culture, Outer Circle Culture, Expanding Circle Culture, and Local culture were identified in the textbook with the most dominant type is inner circle culture; second, the cultural content in the two textbooks were represented by product, practice, perspective, community, and person with the most dominant occurrence was products. This study concludes that the cultural content in the two textbooks still orients to and promotes the inner circle culture and accommodating local culture, expanding circle culture and outer circle culture.
PEMEROLEHAN FONOLOGI BAHASA PERTAMA MADURA PADA ANAK USIA TIGA TAHUN: KAJIAN PSIKOLINGISTIK
Authors: Hasanah Holifatul
Published: November 2022

This study aims to describe the acquisition of the first language of children aged three years based on phonological aspects including, the acquisition of vowels, acquisition of consonants, and factors that influence the acquisition of phonology in children. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research data is in the form of children's speech. The data source was obtained from a three-year-old child named AMS who grew up in an environment with Madurese first language. At the age of three years, AMS is going through a golden period or a critical period. During this golden period, children begin to be able to carry out the language acquisition process. Data collection was carried out using observation and interview methods. After that, the data obtained were then analyzed through three stages, namely the data reduction stage, the data preparation stage, and the conclusion drawing stage. The findings of the study indicate that at the age of three, children are already fluent in the Madurese language, but there is little influence of Indonesian on the child's Madurese language. At this age, children get a phonemic inventory of the Madurese language, including Indonesian. The child has mastered the vowels [a], [i], [u], [e], and [o] along with their allophones. In addition, children also master several consonant sounds, including [b], [p], [m], [n], [w], [j], [k], [g], [p], [ l], [ŋ], [ɲ], [h], [tʃ],, [ʃ] and [ʤ]. Meanwhile, the sounds [r], [s], and [f] cannot be pronounced properly even though they are located at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the word. Based on the results of observations, the limitations of children in pronouncing some of these consonants are caused by the child's articulator factor which has not grown perfectly. Even though the researchers provoked consonants that had not yet appeared in the child's pronunciation, the child was still not able to pronounce the sound of the consonant phoneme. In this regard, it can be seen that the phonological acquisition of a child's first language is not determined by the year, but is strongly influenced by neurobiological factors. Therefore, it is not impossible if the acquisition of the sounds of children of the same age in the same year can be different in number, because what is universal is not the year, but the appearance of these sounds. Another factor that affects the acquisition of AMS phonology is the stimulus provided by the family and the environment around the child. Based on some of the data found, certain sounds are the result of imitation. Therefore, the acquisition of a child's first language is also greatly influenced by the environment around the child.
COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES ANALYSIS OF HUMOR IN INSIDE NO. 9
Authors: Prasadini Nauka Nayana , Palupi Tri Winindyasari
Published: November 2022

Pragmatics offers several perspectives in discussing humor, including cooperative principles. Cooperative principles offer options for researchers in discussing how listeners will generate an implied meaning, thus creating the humorous potential in an utterance (Cutting, 2002; Grice, 1989). Despite there are studies on cooperative principles of humor using various media, there is still a lack of studies discussing cooperative principles in British comedy television shows. Therefore, to fill this gap, this paper attempts to analyze the cooperative principles found in a BBC 2 comedy television show, Inside No. 9. Furthermore, the paper also reveals how the flouting of the principles creates multiple forms of humor, adapting the categories of humor by Martin and Ford (2018). This descriptive qualitative research chooses the Series Four of Inside No. 9 as its subject, with the consideration of the critically-acclaimed receptions, diverse themes, and language aspects of the show. To obtain the data, the researchers use an open-coding technique to categorize the data according to the four flouting of the maxims (flouting of the maxim of quality, quantity, relation, and manner) and the forms of humor (irony, satire, sarcasm, overstatement and understatement, self-deprecation, teasing, replies to rhetorical questions, clever replies to serious statements, double entendre, transformation of frozen expression, and pun). The data are taken from the episodes and scripts of six episodes in the fourth series in Inside No. 9. Results show that all of the types of flouting of cooperative principles were found in the selected season, which covers the flouting of the maxim of quality, quantity, relation, and manner. Based on the findings in most episodes, the flouting created by the characters diverges the serious conversation into a more humorous atmosphere. However, several types of humor are not found in the maxims' flouting due to the storyline and British comedic style aspects.
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD LANGUAGES
Authors: Herawati Paula Kristanti
Published: November 2022

Being able to speak more than one language is beneficial; especially for Indonesian people, those who can speak English are supposed to be bilingual and multilingual. Accordingly, they should speak at least three languages: the Indonesian language, English, and their mother tongue or local language such as Javanese, Sundanese, Bataknese, and so forth. Unfortunately, fewer and fewer Indonesian people speak their regional languages/mother tongue because they have been shifted into Indonesian, especially when children start school. This paper thus investigates language attitudes of university students toward their regional languages, Indonesian and English: how they value those languages, and their use of the languages. To answer those questions, the writer distributed a questionnaire to 22 students from three universities in Jakarta and conducted some interviews with five of the participants. The results indicate that all students have positive attitudes toward those languages. However, the positive attitudes toward the regional languages are not congruent with the language use. Lacking regional language users and its exposure is why students feel difficult to apply their regional language. As for the Indonesian language, it is the most valued and used as the unifying national language. The English language is considered more comfortable for those who can speak English because there is no difference for language users to talk to their interlocuter’s level. For example, in English, the pronoun “you” can be referred to anyone regardless of their age or status. In Indonesian, we have to differentiate between Kamu (you) and Anda (you) depending on whom we talk to. To our parents, we cannot say Kamu nor Anda; but we mention it daddy or mommy, and the like. Finally, while the Indonesian government has successfully implemented Indonesian as the unifying language of the nation (Paauw, 2009), the government is also expected to encourage more on the use of regional languages into the school curriculum to enforce its usage.
STUDENTS’ ACCOUNT ON LEARNING INDEPENDENCE IN ONLINE EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Kusuma Paulina Chandrasari , Sonia Azaria
Published: November 2022

The spark of online learning implementation in nowadays education partly appears to be one of the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic. School from home through various platforms, applications, and other technological devices replaces face-to-face real classroom learning activities. However, even if some people can locate online learning or courses as both convenient and accessible, it brings challenges and requires readiness in some aspects, including students’ competence in working independently. Roper (2007) and Sumbawati et.al (2020) probe that students' independence plays an important role through the system of online learning as it helps students to achieve good learning goals and outcomes. The present research, therefore, is interested in examining students’ perception of their own independence in online EFL learning. It involved 152 students of a public Senior High School in Kalimantan. This research applied a survey technique, and the data are both quantitative and qualitative analyzed. The instrument used in this research comprises a set of questionnaires adapted from Marfu’ah (2020), Sumarmo (2013), and Sam et al. (2012) embracing 8 indicators of independent learning which are subsequently elaborated in 32 statements. Those eight indicators encompass 1) student learning initiative; 2) diagnosing learning needs; 3) setting learning targets; 4) viewing difficulties as challenges; 5) utilizing and finding other relevant sources; 6) choosing and implementing learning strategies; 7) evaluating the learning outcome process; 8) owning self-efficacy. The research result shows that the student's perception of their own independent learning is positive. It implies that they perceive themselves to be autonomous during the conduct of their online learning, particularly in the aforementioned eight areas. Through this study, students are expected to be more motivated, independent, confident, and be able to explore further their abilities to achieve independence in learning. Furthermore, this study will hopefully make teachers aware of the importance of encouraging the students to be more independent and responsible for their own learning.
METHODS & TECHNIQUES IN THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF BALINESE CULTURE IN THE NOVEL SUKRENI GADIS BALI
Authors: Saraswati Ria , Engliana Engliana
Published: November 2022

Translating cultures and other specific, context-based terminologies are never easy to perform as language structures, circumstances, readerships, and translators’ perspectives come to play. The text is set in the context of a specific society that is closely related to its origin culture. In the text, culture can take the form of norms, values, habits, materials, or natural conditions. Although stated differently, source and target text are conceptually and logically comparable. The concepts or meanings of the source and target text are not always the same. The process requires the translators’ adaptability skills to select necessary translation methods and techniques considered appropriate to the target readership. Therefore, the present study would like to examine translation methods and techniques employed in the treatment of cultural terms in the novel. The English translation of ‘Sukreni’ and the original Indonesian novel are the foci of this current study. This is a qualitative study that makes use of the content analysis approach. The data analysis technique categorizes the translation results based on cultural concepts, techniques, and methods. The fourteen translation techniques of Molina & Albir and the six translation methods of Hervey & Higgins are the frameworks of analysis in this study. Espindola & Vasconcellos’s concept of cultural elements distinguishes the types of cultural concepts portrayed in the original novel. The results show that the translation methods adopted to accommodate the cultural terms are adaptation and communicative methods. At the same time, the commonly used translation techniques are modulation, transposition, and adaptation. It can be concluded that the translator’s ideology also came to play alongside the choice of the translation methods and techniques when it comes to the readership of the target language. Methods and techniques of translations that are more inclined to the target language positively impact the translation results. Anthroponymy is the dominant cultural term in the original novel in the cultural category.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED PROBLEM AND DECISION REPORTING IN LITERARY TRANSLATION CLASS: A STUDY ON STUDENT TRANSLATORS’ PERCEPTION
Authors: Halim Suwarni Wijaya , Chandra Janice
Published: November 2022

Literary translation is considered an art, and it allows literary translators to have a certain degree of freedom to solve translation problems (Landers, 2001) creatively. For student translators who aspire to be literary translators, it is logical to learn about translation problems and solutions in literary translation rather than the accurate one-on-one equivalences of certain words or phrases. Nevertheless, the insights into how student translators identify and solve translation problems in literary works are lost during the assessment process. Gile (2004) proposed the retrospection model to elicit the student translators' perspectives on translation problems and solutions in written form to counter this issue, referred to as Integrated Problem and Decision Reporting (IPDR). However, it is unknown how the student translators, as one of the stakeholders in translator training, perceive the implementation of IPDR. This research then aims to fill the gap by analyzing the student translators' perception of the implementation of IPDR. The data source for the research is a literary translation class comprised of eleven student translators who study in the English department at a private university in Jakarta. To acquire the data, the researcher conducted a focus group discussion with seven student translators to elicit their perception of the implementation of IPDR. It was found that the student translators had a positive perception of the implementation, yet they also reported several challenges that they faced during the process.
TOWARDS MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION: PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF TRANSLANGUAGING PEDAGOGY
Authors: Santoso Wulandari , Hamied Fuad Abdul
Published: November 2022

Recent research has shown a paradigm shift towards the rise of translanguaging pedagogy as opposed to the so-called monolingual principles. Translanguaging pedagogy in educational contexts refers to the utilisation of all the linguistic and semiotic resources of students to foster learning. This crosslinguistic approach, thus, challenges language separation and softens the boundaries between languages. Translanguaging is also seen as a transformative pedagogy as it empowers multilinguals to embrace their whole repertoires. This present study involved the pre-service English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in an Indonesian private university taking the English language teaching programme designed to prepare them to be future English teachers. This research aimed to investigate their perceptions of translanguaging pedagogy in order to promote reflections in pre-service English teachers regarding their own views of English language teaching. Six pre-service English teachers were invited to participate in a group interview to shed light on future teachers’ reflective stance regarding the potential use of translanguaging pedagogy. The research results demonstrated that the participants held the maximal position, which put a strong emphasis on maximising the use of English. They, however, expressed their interests in the implementation of translanguaging pedagogy in their own classrooms, but solely for a scaffold to learn rather than seeing it as opportunities to create a safe space for students to legitimate their multilingual dynamic practices.
Doença de Kawasaki: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Lacerda Bruna Simões , Guedes Thiago Lana Andrade , Veloso Tom Lourenço , Pimentel Juliana Peres , Lisboa Laura Certório Campos , Almeida Raquel do Nascimento , Azevedo Christianne Terra de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as características da Doença de Kawasaki (DK). Revisão bibliográfica: A DK é uma doença pediátrica exantemática febril aguda, apresentando-se principalmente com lesões de vasculite sistêmica. Tem distribuição mundial e é mais comum em crianças asiáticas. O diagnóstico é puramente clínico, pois não existem testes adequadamente específicos ou sensíveis disponíveis. O diagnóstico "clássico" envolve cinco dias de febre e quatro dos cinco critérios a seguir: inflamação da membrana mucosa, erupção cutânea, edema das mãos e pés, conjuntivite bilateral e massa linfonodal inflamada solitária. Considerações finais: A Doença de Kawasaki é a vasculite de vasos médios mais comum em crianças. Seu curso clínico é dividido em três fases: aguda, subaguda, convalescença. A imunoglobulina intravenosa única (IGIV) na dose de 2 g/kg de peso corporal é o tratamento de escolha para a DK, preferencialmente no 10º dia, melhor se no 7º dia da doença, mas o mais rápido possível após o diagnóstico. Se não tratada, está associada ao desenvolvimento de aneurismas de artéria coronária.
Uma abordagem geral do Glaucoma: revisão de literatura
Authors: Castro Ana Flávia Nogueira , Mota Lívia Oliveira Delgado
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as características do Glaucoma. Revisão bibliográfica: O glaucoma é um grupo de doenças cuja característica comum é a degeneração progressiva do nervo óptico, com perda de células ganglionares da retina, afinamento da camada de fibras nervosas da retina e aumento da escavação do disco óptico. Os sintomas visuais costumam ser uma característica tardia do glaucoma, quando a doença já está muito avançada. Dentre os muitos tipos de glaucoma, os mais frequentes são os glaucomas primários de ângulo aberto (GPAA) e de ângulo fechado (GPAF). Estima-se que 4,5 milhões ou mais de 12% de todos os casos de cegueira em todo o mundo foram resultado de glaucoma. Considerações finais: O Glaucoma é uma doença que cursa com redução da acuidade visual e, consequentemente, declínio da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Embora o glaucoma progrida, geralmente, de forma lenta, é a causa mais comum de cegueira evitável irreversível no mundo. Dessa forma, é fundamental a conscientização acerca da doença a fim de propiciar o diagnóstico de forma mais precoce possível com tratamento adequado instituído pelo oftalmologista a fim de evitar a progressão do glaucoma.
Safe radiological spinal intervention: A multicenter snapshot survey of musculoskeletal radiologists in the UK and India
Authors: Aslam Aiman , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Sharma Gaurav Kant , Botchu Rajesh
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

Research, knowledge, and technological advances have promoted minimally invasive image-guided diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. Such interventions are increasingly performed for musculoskeletal diseases by radiologists within outpatient settings. The objective of this study was to ascertain levels of safe practice among musculoskeletal radiologists in the United Kingdom and the Indian public health-care system, as defined by access to spinal surgeons and anesthetists during radiological spinal procedures.

Material and Methods:

An online cross-sectional survey of eight questions (multiple choice and free text) was circulated among musculoskeletal radiologists in the UK and India, to evaluate: (i) Image-guided practice among musculoskeletal radiologists. (ii) Types of interventions undertaken. (iii) Practice setting. (iv) Availability of supportive, backup access to spinal surgery services.

Results:

A total of 53 replies were received of which 43 (81.1%) were from musculoskeletal radiologists who perform spinal interventional procedures. Spinal biopsies and injections were the most common procedures performed by the 43 eligible radiologists (79.1% and 74.4%, respectively), with vertebroplasty and sacroplasty performed by only 16.3% and 11.6%, respectively. Less than half (46.5%) of musculoskeletal radiologists performing interventional procedures did so within a hospital setting with both a spinal surgeon and an anesthetist on site, 20.9% had an anesthetist on site but no spinal surgeon and 16.3% had neither on-site.

Conclusion:

Minimally invasive image-guided diagnostic and therapeutic intervention is a niche sub-specialty practiced by a few musculoskeletal radiologists. Enhanced resource allocation, skills training, and multidisciplinary service provision will ultimately minimize existing deficiencies, improving patient-related clinical outcomes, and quality of care.
Relationship of MTHFD1 G1958A and CBS 844ins68 polymorphism with congenital heart defects in North Indian population (Jammu and Kashmir): A case-control study
Authors: Bala Ankush , Raina Jyotdeep Kour , Sudershan Amrit , Digra Sanjeev , Dhar Manoj K. , Panjaliya Rakesh K. , Kumar Parvinder
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

There are many multifactorial causes for Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs) in which both genetic and non-genetic factors play role. MTHFD1 and CBS are two of the key enzymes that plays pivotal role in the metabolic pathway of homocysteine. Most of the studies revealed that genes involved in folate/homocysteine pathways are involved in the occurrence of CHDs. The present study was planned to investigate the role of common polymorphisms in MTHFD1 and CBS gene in children with CHD in Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir UT.

Material and Methods:

A total of 160 (80 CHD patients and 80 controls) children were enrolled for the present case-control study. After extraction of genomic DNA genotyping of SNP MTHFD1 G1958A(rs2236225) was done by PCR-RFLP and CBS 844ins68 polymorphism was done by PCR technique.

Results:

Our results show that there is no significant association between MTHFD1G1958A and CBS 844ins68 polymorphism with CHD. In case of SNP MTHFD1 G1958A allele A found to be higher in both patient and control group and inCBS 844ins68 polymorphism frequency of risk allele ‘I’ found higher in cases (0.06) as compared to controls (0.04). The homozygous genotype for 844ins68 (II) was found absent in both the patients and control group.

Conclusion:

We conclude that both MTHFD1 G1958A and CBS 844ins68 polymorphism were not found to be genetic risk factor in the development of CHD in population of Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir UT.
Spoken knowledge in low literacy diabetes scale: Reliability and validity assessment on Indian Type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Phukan Purabi
Published: November 2022

India is facing a diabetes epidemic and it urgently needs to address the health literacy needs of diabetes patients to reduce the catastrophic impact of the disease. Since a valid and reliable tool for assessing diabetes literacy assessment was lacking, this study was carried out to conduct a psychometric analysis of the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Diabetes (SKILLD) Scale among Indian Type 2 diabetes patients. The study participants belonged mostly to the lower socioeconomic strata with low literacy. The results of the Kannada version of the SKILLD scale administered to 100 Type-2 diabetes patients visiting a tertiary care center in South India are presented here.
External validation of the Glasgow coma scale-pupils in low- to middle-income country patients with traumatic brain injury: Could “motor score-pupil” have higher prognostic value?
Authors: De Souza Matheus Rodrigues , Pipek Leonardo Zumerkorn , Fagundes Caroline Ferreira , Solla Davi J. Fontoura , da Silva Gustavo Carlos Lucena , Godoy Daniel Agustin , Kolias Angelos G. , Amorim Robson Luis Oliveira , Paiva Wellingson Silva
Published: November 2022

Background:

The objective of this study is to validate the admission Glasgow coma scale (GCS) associated with pupil response (GCS-P) to predict traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient’s outcomes in a low- to middle-income country and to compare its performance with that of a simplified model combining the better motor response of the GCS and the pupilar response (MS-P).

Methods:

This is a prospective cohort of patients with TBI in a tertiary trauma reference center in Brazil. Predictive values of the GCS, GCS-P, and MS-P were evaluated and compared for 14 day and in-hospital mortality outcomes and length of hospital stay (LHS).

Results:

The study enrolled 447 patients. MS-P demonstrated better discriminative ability than GCS to predict mortality (AUC 0.736 × 0.658; P < 0.001) and higher AUC than GCS-P (0.736 × 0.704, respectively; P = 0.073). For hospital mortality, MS-P demonstrated better discrimination than GCS (AUC, 0.750 × 0.682; P < 0.001) and higher AUC than GCS-P (0.750 × 0.714; P = 0.027). Both scores were good predictors of LHS (r2 = 0.084 [GCS-P] × 0.079 [GCS] × 0.072 [MS-P]).

Conclusion:

The predictive value of the GCS, GCS-P, and MS-P scales was demonstrated, thus contributing to its external validation in low- to middle-income country.
Delayed aneurysm rupture in a patient treated with flow redirection endoluminal device: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tsukagoshi Eisuke , Sato Hiroki , Kohyama Shinya
Published: November 2022

Background:

Delayed aneurysm rupture after flow-redirection endoluminal device (FRED) implantation is rare. We report a case of internal carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) caused by a delayed aneurysm rupture of the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) after FRED implantation.

Case Description:

A 75-year-old woman had a gradually enlarging aneurysm at the C4 portion of the left ICA. We performed FRED implantation for the same. The FRED implantation procedure was smooth and the FRED expanded well and attached to the vessel wall. Five days after surgery, the patient developed a strong headache, hyperemia of the left eye, and disturbance of the left eye movement. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography revealed a left CCF with cortical venous reflux. We performed transarterial aneurysmal and transvenous cavernous sinus embolization. Postoperatively, angiography showed no fistula and complete occlusion of the aneurysm; however, minor eye movement disorder persisted.

Conclusion:

To prevent the development of delayed aneurysm rupture in patients treated with FRED, preoperative consideration of whether to add coil embolization is important, even if the aneurysm is located in the C4 portion of the ICA and there is no risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage, including the size of aneurysm. In this report, we have tried to alert surgeons regarding the risk of delayed aneurysm rupture due to FRED implantation.
Torticollis in an 8-year-old child due to Grisel’s syndrome - A case report
Authors: Ghodke Aashish , Gadkari Alok , Trivedi Rishi , Tikoo Agnivesh , Chaddha Ram
Published: November 2022

Background:

Grisel’s syndrome is a nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation resulting from an ongoing local inflammatory process.

Case Description:

An 8-year-old male presented to the emergency department with neck pain which was sudden in onset without any history of any significant fall or trauma. On physical examination, the patient had torticollis with a head tilt to the left side and the chin rotated to the right. The CT scan confirmed atlantoaxial subluxation with C1 rotated to the right on the odontoid process without anterior displacement. The patient was managed conservatively with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and head-halter traction.

Conclusion:

As Grisel’s syndrome can have catastrophic outcomes, early diagnosis and treatment are critical. It must be considered in patients presenting with acute torticollis following an infection or prior surgery.
Sequential aneurysms with incidental persistent primitive trigeminal artery: Is this association purely coincidental? A case study and review of the literature in search for a pathobiological mechanism
Authors: Sreenivasan Sanjeev A. , Agarwal Neha , Roychowdhury Sudipta , Khandelwal Priyank , Nanda Anil , Gupta Gaurav
Published: November 2022

Background:

The appearance of sequential bilateral aneurysms in patients with persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PTA) is not described in the literature. No clear guidelines on screening and follow-up of patients with incidental PTAs for the detection of associated lesions have been established.

Case Description:

A 55-year-old lady presented with occasional headaches. Detailed evaluation showed a left ophthalmic segment internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm measuring (11.2 × 5.5) mm. A bovine aortic arch configuration (type III) and a persistent left PTA were identified. A pipeline flex flow diverter was placed and aneurysm was coiled. Follow-up angiography after 6 months showed a completely occluded aneurysm with preserved PTA and a new aneurysm in the right ICA ophthalmic segment measuring 3.5 × 1.5 mm. It was followed up serially with angiography which revealed significant increase in 6 months. The base measured 5.4 mm and two blebs 3.1 mm and 2.5 mm had appeared on the dome. A SUPRASS flow diverter was placed across this aneurysm. Serial follow-up showed complete occlusion of the left aneurysm and significant reduction in filling of the right aneurysm. A review of the literature identified 34 cases of incidental PTAs associated with 50 aneurysms with increased prevalence of anterior circulation aneurysms in patients with incidental PTA.

Conclusion:

Sequential angiography of a patient with incidental PTA and an ICA aneurysm shows presence of a new aneurysm in contralateral circulation and its progression in size and morphology. Detailed large-scale studies are needed to assess the impact of incidental PTA on aneurysm development and management.
Rod migration through foramen magnum into posterior fossa after cervical spine lateral mass fixation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ezzat Ahmed Adel , Salah Ahmed Mohamed
Published: November 2022

Background:

Posterior cervical fusion is one of the most common surgical procedures performed for the treatment of many cervical spine pathologies. Hardware failure, due to rod displacement either cranially or caudally, may occur.

Case Description:

Two years following a subaxial laminectomy/lateral mass fusion (from C3 to C6) for stenosis, a 67-year-old female, with a history of trauma 2 months ago, presented with headaches, right-sided facial palsy, and right complete ophthalmoplegia. When the computed tomography scan showed migration of the left-sided rod extending into the posterior fossa through the foramen magnum plus malpositioning of the right rod, she underwent bilateral rod removal resulting in marked headache improvement without improvement of ophthalmoplegia and facial palsy.

Conclusion:

Cephalad rod migration/displacement extending through the foramen magnum into the posterior fossa is a rare complication of cervical laminectomy/rod lateral mass screw instrumented fusion.
Parasagittal meningiomas: surgical treatment outcomes
Authors: Sirko Andrii H. , Perepelytsia Vadym A.
Published: November 2022

Purpose: to improve the outcomes of surgical treatment of parasagittal meningioma patients by implementing a differentiated approach to the choice of surgical intervention, given the preoperative assessment of patency of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and collateral venous circulation.
Materials and methods. Analysis of short-term and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of 199 patients in the Department of Neurosurgery № 2, Mechnikov Dnipropetrovsk Regional Clinical Hospital was carried out. In the first follow-up period (2000 to 2012), the data were obtained retrospectively (95 cases). In the second follow-up period (2013 to 2021), the data were obtained prospectively (104 cases). The patients were assigned to the groups according to a differentiated approach (implemented in 2013) to the choice of surgical treatment tactics based on preoperative angiographic data (selective cerebral angiography and CT angiography).
Results. In the first follow-up period, the completeness of surgical resection according to Simpson Grading Scale was: type I, 23 (24.2%) cases; type II, 37 (38.9%) cases; type III, 13 (13.7%) cases; type IV, 22 23.2%) cases. 53.7% of patients had intraoperative or postoperative complications. Among patients with tumors of the middle third of the SSS, 21 (41.2%) had their neurological status improved postoperatively. Mortality rate was 4.2%. 14 (14.7%) patients had further parasagittal meningioma growth after its removal grade II–IV according to Simpson Scale.
In the second follow-up period, the completeness of surgical intervention according to Simpson Scale was: type I, 74 (71.2%) cases; type II, 26 (25%) cases; type III, 2 (1.9%) cases; type IV, 2 (1.9%) cases. 19.2% of patients had intraoperative or postoperative complications. Among the patients with tumors of the middle third of the SSS, 46 (79.3%) patients had postoperative improvement of neurological status. No lethal outcome was reported. 3 (2.9%) patients had further parasagittal meningioma growth after radical surgical removal according to Simpson grade II.
Conclusions. Adequate analysis of instrumental methods of brain study using cerebral vasculature study, application of neuronavigation station (with brain MRI and/or CT angiography data available) and new microsurgical techniques contributed to the completeness of surgery and minimally invasive removal of parasagittal meningioma with reduced intraoperative and postoperative complications, which affected the immediate and long-term treatment outcomes.
Neurosurgical anatomy of the insula and Sylvian fissure in gliomas: literature review and personal experience. The second report. Veins
Authors: Kliuchka Valentyn M. , Rozumenko Artem V. , Rozumenko Volodymyr D. , Dashchakovskyi Andrii V. , Malysheva Tеtyana A. , Chuvashova Olga Yu.
Published: November 2022

Insular gliomas account for 25% of all low-grade and 10% of high-grade gliomas. Neurosurgical treatment of insular gliomas involves achieving the maximum possible volume of tumor removal while ensuring high quality of life.
The anatomical proximity of functionally important brain structures and the involvement of important insular arteries and veins limits the possibility of radical removal of tumors.
The key to the effectiveness of surgical intervention in insular gliomas is the selection and implementation of adequate surgical access surgical access. The most commonly used approach to insular gliomas is transsylvian-transinsular. The implementation of this approach is largely determined by the individual characteristics of the venous system of the sylvian fissure, since it is characterized by extreme anatomical variability in particular, the type of outflow direction dominance, the number of veins, their size, type of branching, drainage, collateral connections.
The review presents data on the informativeness of modern methods of instrumental research in the assessment of the venous system of the sylvian fissure and insula with the aim of planning surgery for insular gliomas.
Methods of preserving venous collectors of the sylvian fissure and possible complications associated with the exclusion of draining veins from the circulation are described.
Autonomous Soft Robots Empowered by Chemical Reaction Networks
Authors: Fusi Giorgio , Del Guidice Daniele , Skarsetz Oliver , Di Stefano Stefano , Walther Andreas
Published: November 2022

Hydrogel actuators are important for designing stimuli-sensitive soft robots. They generate mechanical motion by exploiting compartmentalized (de)swelling in response to a stimulus. However, classical switching methods, such as manually lowering or increasing the pH, cannot provide more complex autonomous motions. By coupling an autonomously operating pH-flip with programmable lifetimes to a hydrogel system containing pH-responsive and non- responsive compartments, autonomous forward and backward motion as well as more complex tasks, such as interlocking of “puzzle pieces” and collection of objects are realized. All operations are initiated by one simple trigger and the devices operate in a “fire and forget” mode. More complex self-regulatory behavior is obtained by adding chemo-mechano-chemo feedback mechanisms. Due to its simplicity, this method shows great potential for the autonomous operation of soft grippers and metamaterials.
Collaborative assessment of molecular geometries and energies from the Open Force Field
Authors: D'Amore Lorenzo , Hahn David , Dotson David , Horton Joshua , Anwar Jamshed , Craig Ian , Fox Thomas , Gobbi Alberto , Lakkaraju Sirish Kaushik , Lucas Xavier , Meier Katharina , Mobley David , Narayanan Arjun , Schindler Christina , Swope William , in 't Veld Pieter , Wagner Jeffrey , Xue Bai , Tresadern Gary
Published: November 2022

Force fields form the basis for classical molecular simulations and their accuracy is crucial for the quality of, for instance, protein-ligand binding simulations in drug discovery. The huge diversity of small molecule chemistry makes it a challenge to build and parameterize a suitable force field. The Open Force Field Initiative is a combined industry and academic consortium developing a state-of-the-art small molecule force field. In this report industry members of the consortium worked together to objectively evaluate the performance of the force fields (referred to here as OpenFF) produced by the initiative on a combined public and proprietary dataset of 19,653 relevant molecules selected from their internal research and compound collections. This evaluation was important because it was completely blind; at most partners, none of the molecules or data were used in force field development or testing prior to this work. We compare the Open Force Field "Sage" version 2.0.0 and "Parsley" version 1.3.0 with GAFF-2.11-AM1BCC, OPLS4 and SMIRNOFF99Frosst. We analyzed force field-optimized geometries and conformer energies compared to reference quantum mechanical data. We show that OPLS4 performs best, and the latest Open Force Field release shows a clear improvement compared to its predecessors. The performance of established force fields such as GAFF-2.11 was generally worse. While OpenFF researchers were involved in building the benchmarking infrastructure used in this work, benchmarking was done entirely in-house within industrial organizations and the resulting assessment is reported here. This work assesses the force field performance using separate benchmarking steps, external datasets, and involving external research groups. This effort may also be unique in terms of the number of different industrial partners involved, with 10 different companies participating in the benchmark efforts.
Distal Mutations in the Beta-clamp of DNA Polymerase III* Disrupt DNA Orientation and Affect Exonuclease Activity
Authors: Berger Madison B , Cisneros G. Andrés
Published: November 2022

DNA polymerases are responsible for the replication and repair of DNA found in all DNA-based organisms. DNA Polymerase III is the main replicative polymerase of E coli and is composed of over 10 proteins. A subset of these proteins (Pol III*) includes the polymerase (alpha), exonuclease (epsilon), clamp (beta) and accessory protein (theta). Mutations of residues in, or around the active site of the catalytic subunits (alpha and epsilon) can have significant impact on catalysis. However, the effects of distal mutations in non-catalytic subunits on the activity of catalytic subunits are less well characterized. Here, we investigate the effects of two Pol III* variants: beta-L82E/L82'E and beta-L82D/L82'D, on the proofreading reaction catalyzed by epsilon. MD simulations reveal major changes in the dynamics of Pol III*, that extend throughout the complex. These changes are mostly induced by a shift in the position of the DNA substrate inside the beta-clamp, although no major structural changes are observed in the protein complex. QM/MM calculations indicate that the beta-L82E/L82'D variant has reduced catalytic proficiency due to highly endoergic reaction energies resulting from structural changes in the active site and differences in the electric field at the active site arising from the protein and substrate. Conversely, the beta-L82E/L82'E variant is predicted to maintain proofreading activity, exhibiting a similar reaction barrier for nucleotide excision compared with the WT system. However, significant differences in the reaction mechanism are obtained due to the changes induced by the mutations on the beta-clamp.
PEMBENTUKAN KELAS PRENATAL YOGA DI DESA SELOKERTO SEMPOR KEBUMEN
Authors: Sumarni Sumarni , Dewi Adinda Putri Sari , Rosmawati Rosmawati , Mutoharoh Siti , Prabandari Fitria
Published: November 2022

Prenatal yoga can provide benefits, including increasing the chances of a pregnant woman giving birth normally, reducing the incidence of prolonged labor, reducing stress and injuries during childbirth. The purpose of this activity is to provide a platform for pregnant women in Selokerto Village, Sempor District, Kebumen Regency so that they can improve their health and prepare for normal births through prenatal yoga classes for pregnant women. The method used in this service is lectures and prenatal yoga exercises with gymball. Data was collected by using a cadre knowledge questionnaire about prenatal yoga. The number of respondents in this activity amounted to 20 health cadres. Evaluation of activities was carried out using pre-test and post-test. The level of pre-test knowledge of health cadres about prenatal yoga is mostly in the sufficient category, which is 50%, while the post-test knowledge level of health cadres is mostly in the good category, which is 80%. Conclusion: Increased knowledge of health cadres from before and after prenatal yoga counseling and prenatal yoga classes have been formed.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PADA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR
Authors: Umrah Andi Sitti , Indriani Indriani , Suriati Israini
Published: November 2022

Kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya pemeliharaan kesehatan reproduksi pada PUS saat ini masih kurang. Hal ini di karenakan kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Dengan adanya kendala tersebut mengakibatkan tenaga kesehatan sulit mendeteksi masalah kesehatan reproduksi pada PUS yang terjadi. Menurut hasil pendataan yang di dilakukan sebelum penyuluhan di dapatkan data sebanyak 86% wanita usia subur di wilayah kelurahan Salekoe yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Mayoritas masih kurang mengetahui gejala atau ciri-ciri dari gangguan reproduksi. Oleh karena itu, perlu diberikan informasi dalam mengenali gejala yang timbul pada gangguan reproduksi.  Setelah diberikan penyuluhan tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi khususnya jenis penyakit reproduksi dan gejala awal gangguan reproduksi mayoritas WUS memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik sebanyak 23 orang (92%). Hal ini menggambarkan pemberian edukasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi sangat penting dengan harapan para Wanita Usia Subur dapat segera mendeteksi kelainan pada sistem reproduksinya.