bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pseudomembranous Colitis in a Coronavirus Disease 19 positive patient : not a simple issue
Authors: Thayer Maissa Ben , Khanchel Fatma , Helal Imen , Zaafouri Haithem , Hedhli Raoueh , Brahim Ehsen Ben , Jouini Raja , Chadli-Debbiche Aschraf
Published: September 2022

Since its emergence, Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) rapidly spread worldwide and was responsible for a global pandemic. Although it was initially considered a respiratory disease, recent studies have evidenced that Covid-19 had serious systemic adverse effects involving major organs, including those of the digestive system. Histological lesions associated with these manifestations have rarely been reported. We, herein, present a singular case of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), proven histologically, in a 73-year-old Covid-19 positive female patient. We aim to study the clinico-pathological characteristics of this association. A 73-year-old Covid positive patient was intubated and put on intravenous antibiotherapy after the deterioration of her respiratory function. Ten days after admission, the patient presented abdominal distension and melena. An abdominal tomography scan showed a left mesenteric infarction related to a thrombosis at the origin of the left mesenteric artery. A left hemicolectomy was performed in emergency. Macroscopic examination of the hemicolectomy specimen showed an edematous colonic mucosa, with multiple ulcerations covered by a whitish necrotic coating reminiscent of false membranes. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PMC. The patient presented a septic shock and died six days after the operation. The PMC could have resulted from the use of antibiotics. However, the direct involvement of Covid-19 in the occurrence of this PMC cannot be excluded. Further studies are needed to evaluate the direct correlation between Covid-19 and PMC.
Implications of Strategic Position Choices by Candidates
Authors: Robinette Robbie
Published: September 2022

I examine the implications of strategic position choices by candidates under two different voting rules: Instant Runoff and Condorcet-Minimax. A neural net forecasts the chances of winning at different ideologies and candidates alter their ideology to maximize their expected utility. This results in different candidate behavior and outcomes than in the non-strategic scenario. Further, the maximal utility strategy differs significantly between the two voting rules being examined. I propose a refinement to the social utility efficiency metric to account for the different utility of the candidate’s chosen positions and use this metric to contrast the outcomes. Finally, this divergence in strategy calls into question the practice of using data (ballots, or survey data) gathered under one voting rule to analyze a different voting rule.
Frequency of risk factors of coronary heart diseases in patients with acute coronary syndrome and its comparison in male and female
Authors: Mazhar Naqash , Khan Usman Hassan , Mand Bakhat , Rehman Abdur , Mubeen Maryam , Malik Mohammad Hamza Bin Abdul , Hussain Syed Anas
Published: September 2022

Objectives
The main objective of the study is to find the frequency of risk factors of coronary heart diseases in patients with acute coronary syndrome and its comparison in male and female.
Material and methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Services Institute of medical sciences during June 2021 to June 2022. The data was collected with the permission of ethical committee of hospital.
Results
The data was collected from 100 male and female patients. The mean age was 45.67 ± 2.89 years for males and 49.89 ± 5.67 years for females. The major risk factors for diseases is hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and diabetes. According to data all the patients must contain one of these major risk factors and many of the patients had more then one risk factors.
Conclusion
It is concluded that all the patients must have one of the major risk factors as a cause of diseases. Women with acute coronary syndrome, as compared to men, have more prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, and less prevalence of smoking.
[18F]Sodium-fluoride PET/MRI monitoring of hormonal therapy response in breast cancer bone metastases – Proof of concept
Authors: Zia Maira , Lundström Elin , Mårtensson Johanna , Lubberink Mark , Schiza Aglaia , Sundin Anders
Published: September 2022

RECIST 1.1 tumour size measurements on CT/MRI are the mainstay of cancer therapy monitoring. However, bone metastases are consistently difficult to evaluate for hormonal therapy response often escaping CT detection. This study aimed to assess dynamic and static [18F]sodium fluoride-([18F]NaF)-PET/MRI by combining SUV and net influx rate (Ki) from PET with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and effective transverse relaxation rate (R2*) from MRI for monitoring hormonal therapy effect on bone metastases. In this prospective study, three breast cancer patients underwent a 60-minute dynamic whole-body [18F]NaF-PET/MRI before and after hormonal therapy. In PET images, pelvic and spine metastases (approx. n = 10/patient) with high/intermediate uptake were delineated by applying an adaptive threshold algorithm to provide SUVmeanand SUVmax. Pharmacokinetic modeling was performed and Kiwas calculated using a two-tissue reversible model. VOI measurements of ADC, PDFF and R2*utilized the OLEA medical software. The changes between baseline and follow-up data were calculated, statistically analysed and utilized linear regression. [18F]NaF-PET/MRI provided a powerful method for monitoring hormonal therapy response in breast cancer bone metastases as reflected by decreases in SUV and Ki. MRI parameters showed changes consistent with therapy response, although only R2*reached statistical significance.
Evaluation of Synergy Ability and Reconstruction of Synergy Organization for Marine Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning in Coastal Cities, China
Authors: huang xing
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the synergy level of marine disaster monitoring and early warning in coastal cities, an evaluation index system of 21 factors with 5 dimensions was constructed based on the synergy theory. The weights of all levels of indicators were determined by coefficient of variation method, and 24 representative coastal cities in China were evaluated by multi-level grey relational method. The evaluation results show that: the level of synergy in each dimension of 24 coastal cities is uneven, and the distribution level is not high. The level of synergy of marine disaster monitoring and early warning in coastal cities is positively correlated with the level of economic development. The level of synergy of monitoring and early warning of marine disasters in 24 coastal cities is not high, which is generally distributed in medium and low levels. Furthermore, according to the evaluation results and the current situation of marine disaster monitoring and early warning in coastal cities, a network organization structure is proposed to enhance the synergy ability of coastal city monitoring and early warning, so as to provide practical basis for the construction of China's coastal cities in the global marine disaster monitoring and early warning synergy.
Identification of 5F-Cumyl-PINACA, a Synthetic Cannabinoid, in the
Herbal Material Used for Recreational Purposes in the Province of Trieste:
Public Health Implications
Authors: Peruch Michela , Addobbati Riccardo , Padovano Martina , Scopetti Matteo , Concato Monica , Radaelli Davide , D’Errico Stefano
Published: September 2022

Background:

In recent years, the phenomenon of the production and trade of synthetic cannabinoids has grown, becoming a public health issue worldwide. The recent accesses - to the ED of the hospital of Trieste - of people who complained episodes of hallucinations, sensation of poisoning, tachycardia, and air hunger following the inhalation of "Che Sballo platinum", have highlighted the need to perform further analysis on the contents of the packet sold as an air freshener, produced in Koper (Slovenia).

Objective:

This paper wants to be an alert about the possible consequences on health due to the spreading of “Che Sballo platinum” in the province of Trieste.

Methods:

The contents of the package was analyzed by a multi-target screening method of MRM-IDA-EPI experiment. The result was then confirmed, and quantification was achieved via LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis in MRM mode using QTrap 6500 + Sinergy hydro column 100 x 2 mm 1.9um transitions MRM1 368.3  250.0; MRM2 368.3  233.0.

Results:

The initial screening tested negative for THC and showed positive results for 5F-Cumyl-PINACA. Quantitation result reported dose by package of 8.5 mg of the compound. Formal notification was sent to the Italian Health Authorities (notification no 2021110205).

Conclusion:

Consumption of 5F-Cumyl-PINACA results in much more potent effects than marijuana. Lack of information about the actual concentration of the substance on the packaging does not allow drug users to have an adequate dosage, with possible toxic consequences on health. Further investigations must be done to discover the true extent of the phenomenon.
Understanding the Role of NRF2 Signalling in Cancer
Authors: Basalingappa Kanthesh M. , Singh Pooja G. , Gopenath T.S. , MN Ramesh Bharadwaj , Ilangovan R.
Published: September 2022

Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE 2) - related factor 2 (NFE2L2 or NRF2) is one of the transcription
factors predominantly related to the expression of antioxidant genes. NRF2 plays a pivotal
role in controlling redox potential in several tumor characteristics, including cancer cell metabolism,
stem-cell-like characteristics, tumor aggressiveness, invasion, and metastasis. Further, it was recently
discovered that the noncanonical pathway of NRF2 activation was involved in carcinogenesis. Cancerrelated
changes (e.g., metabolic flexibility) that support cancer progression were found to be redox and
NRF2 dependent. The pro or antineoplastic effects of NRF2 are essentially based on the specific molecular
characteristics of the type of cancer. Therefore, systematic investigation of NRF2 signaling is
necessary to clarify its role in cancer etiology. Understanding the role of NRF2 in triggering gene expressions
in different types of cancer is quite challenging, which might be useful to target those genes
for better clinical outcomes. To decipher the role of NRF2 in tumor formation and progression, largescale
genomic and transcriptomic studies are required to correlate the clinical outcomes with the activity
of the NRF2 expression system. This review attempts to give insights into the understanding of
the role of NRF2 in cancer.
Investigating Association Level of CXCL12 with its SDF-1α 3′A Genetic
Variant and CXCL10 with its 1443 Promoter Polymorphism in Type-1
Diabetes
Authors: Derakhshan Shokoofeh , Hassanshahi Gholamhossein , Karimabad Mojgan Noroozi , Torabizadeh Seyedeh Atekeh
Published: September 2022

Background:

Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been described as an autoimmune and heterogeneous disorder. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether there exists an association between serum CXCL10 (IP-10) level and its promoter polymorphism at position-1443 as an angiostasis alongside CXCL12 and its known SDF-1 3′ A genetic variant as an angiogenesis chemokine in T1DM patients.

Methods:

Blood specimens were collected from 209 unrelated T1DM patients, as well as from 189 healthy subjects. The DNA samples were extracted from the subjects and analyzed for CXCL10 and CXCL12 polymorphisms by employing PCR-RLFP. The serum concentrations of CXCL10 and CXCL12 were also analyzed with ELISA.

Results:

Following expert opinion and data analysis, we found significant differences between A/A, A/G, and G/G genotypes with A and G alleles of polymorphisms at position +801 (SDF-1α3′A) in CXCL12. We did not observe an association between CXCL10/-1443 promoter polymorphism and T1DM. In our assessment of promoter polymorphism, both T1DM patients and controls had GG genotype in CXCL10/-1443. When patients were compared with controls, both serum CXCL10 and CXCL12 levels are increased in type 1 diabetes with complications. Levels were not increased in patients without complications.

Conclusion:

Both CXCL10 and CXCL12 play fundamental roles in T1DM pathogenesis. Only the CXCL12 3′A (SDF-1α3′A) polymorphism is possibly necessary for the pathogenesis of T1DM, while the CXCL10-1443 promoter polymorphism is not.
Molecular Insights on Bioactive Compounds against Covid-19: A Network
Pharmacological and Computational Study
Authors: Thangavel Saraswathi Nambiappan , Jeevanandam Jayanth , Paramasivam Esackimuthu , Palanisamy Anbumathi , Raghavendran Srikanth
Published: September 2022

Background:

Network pharmacology based identification of phytochemicals in the form of
cocktails against off-targets can play a significant role in the inhibition of SARS_CoV2 viral entry and
its propagation. This study includes network pharmacology, virtual screening, docking and molecular
dynamics to investigate the distinct antiviral mechanisms of effective phytochemicals against
SARS_CoV2.

Methods:

SARS_CoV2 human-protein interaction network was explored from the BioGRID database
and analysed using Cytoscape. Further analysis was performed to explore biological function, proteinphytochemical/
drugs network and up-down regulation of pathological host target proteins. This led to
understand the antiviral mechanism of phytochemicals against SARS_CoV2. The network was explored
through g: Profiler, EnrichR, CTD, SwissTarget, STITCH, DrugBank, BindingDB, STRING and SuperPred.
Virtual screening of phytochemicals against potential antiviral targets such as M-Pro, NSP1,
Receptor binding domain, RNA binding domain, and ACE2 discloses the effective interaction between
them. Further, the binding energy calculations through simulation of the docked complex explain the
efficiency and stability of the interactions.

Results:

The network analysis identified quercetin, genistein, luteolin, eugenol, berberine, isorhamnetin
and cinnamaldehyde to be interacting with host proteins ACE2, DPP4, COMT, TUBGCP3, CENPF,
BRD2 and HMOX1 which are involved in antiviral mechanisms such as viral entry, viral replication,
host immune response, and antioxidant activity, thus indicating that herbal cocktails can effectively
tackle the viral hijacking of the crucial biological functions of a human host. Further exploration through
virtual screening, docking and molecular dynamics recognizes the effective interaction of phytochemicals
such as punicalagin, scutellarin, and solamargine with their respective potential targets.

Conclusion:

This work illustrates a probable strategy for the identification of phytochemical-based
cocktails and off-targets which are effective against SARS_CoV 2.
Trajectory Tracking Control for Small Electric Sweeper Based on the
Hybrid Control Method
Authors: Li Xiaowei , Li Qing , Zhang Junhui
Published: September 2022

Background:

Trajectory tracking, one of the critical automatic driving technologies, is
significant for the operation of small electric sweepers working in complex road environments,
such as campuses and closed parks.

Methods:

This paper investigates a trajectory tracking control system for small self-driving electric
sweepers on roads with different operating speed requirements. A hybrid control method combining
sliding mode control and model predictive control is proposed, with sliding mode control operating
under low-speed (<2 m/s) conditions, and model predictive control operating under high-speed (>2
m/s) conditions. An improved sliding mode controller based on the kinematic model is designed to
reduce chattering, and a model predictive controller based on the dynamics model is constructed.

Result:

Finally, the performance of the hybrid control method is verified using the MATLAB/
Simulink platform.

Conclusion:

The simulation results prove the effectiveness of the hybrid control method and the
good tracking performance of the electric sweeper at different driving speeds.
26-21
Authors: Tsaryuk V. I.  , Zhuravlev K. P.
Published: September 2022

The luminescence excitation energy transfer in europium and terbium indole-3-carboxylates, indole-3-acetates and indole-3-propionates as well as ternary indolecarboxylates containing 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine molecules have been studied. The luminescence excitation spectra, the lifetimes of the 5D0 (Eu3+) and 5D4 (Tb3+) states, and the luminescence intensity are analyzed. The decisive role of ligand-metal charge transfer (LMCT) states in the quenching of the luminescence of europium aromatic carboxylates containing a π-excessive pyrrole or indole fragment is demonstrated. Most europium compounds are characterized by quenching due to the depopulation of the 5D0 state of the Eu3+ ion through the low-energy LMCT state. But in some ternary compounds, the LMCT state being of higher energy participates in the nonradiative depopulation of the excited electronic states of the ligand.
14-21
Authors: Smirnov M. V.  , Sidorov N. V.  , Palatnikov M. N.
Published: September 2022

A brief review of the features of the defect structure and studies of the luminescent properties of nonlinear optical lithium niobate crystals of various compositions and genesis was given. It was established that the electron-hole pair NbNb4+-O- in the oxygen-octahedral cluster NbO6 emitted in the short-wavelength region of the visible spectrum (400-500 nm), while point defects (VLi and NbNb4+-NbLi4+ bipolarons) - in the long-wavelength region (500-620 nm). At the ratio of Li/Nb≈1 the luminescence was extinguished in the visible region of the spectrum due to decreasing the intrinsic luminescence centers. It was shown that the presence of polaron luminescence in the near-IR region (700-1050 nm) was due to the small polarons NbLi4+ and impurity ions Cr3+ localized in lithium and niobium octahedra. The energy transfer between the luminescence centers in the visible and near-IR spectral regions was detected. Moreover, luminescence in near-IR regions was dominant. Doping of LiNbO3 crystals with zinc and magnesium at ZnO<4.46 mol.% and MgO<5.29 mol.% led to decreasing luminescence of intrinsic defects (VLi, NbNb4+-NbLi4+). However, there was an increase of the contribution of the short-wave spectrum component at higher dopant concentrations because of the introduction of Zn and Mg into the origin positions of Nb ions.
Ac susceptibility of the superconducting porous glass/Ga-In-Sn nanocomposite
Authors: Shevtsova O. D.  , Likholetova M. V.  , Charnaya E. V.  , Shevchenko E. V.  , Kumzerov Yu. A.  , Fokin F. V.
Published: September 2022

Interest to studies of gallium alloys increased recently in relation to their prospective applications for self-healing superconducting connections and wires. Special attention is focused on superconductive properties of nanostructured alloys. In the present work we studied the ac susceptibility of a porous glass/Ga-In-Sn nanocomposite within the temperature range from 1.9 to 8 K at bias fields up to 5 T. Two superconducting phase transitions were revealed with temperatures of 5.6 and 3.1 K. Phase diagrams were created. Positive curvature of the parts of critical lines was demonstrated and treated within the framework of a proximity effect model. Vortex activation barriers were found from shifts of the maxima of the imaginary parts of susceptibility with changing the ac frequency. A bend was shown on the field dependence of the activation barriers. Keywords: Ga-In-Sn triple alloy, nanocomposite, superconductivity, magnetometry.
Algorithm for preliminary analysis of diffraction patterns ofnanocomposite materials with an admixture of a bulk component
Authors: Alekseeva O.A.  , Naberezhnov A. A.
Published: September 2022

This contribution is devoted to discussion of questions relatedto the influence of a possible contribution from a bulk material on thelineshape of elastic peaks observed in diffraction experiments at neutronand/or X-ray radiation scattering on nanoporous matrices containingsubstances embedded into their porous space (channels). The proposedalgorithm permits to estimate the input of massive component intodiffraction peaks using the analysis of the experimentally observeddistortions of the lineshape of Bragg peaks. This preliminary analysisgreatly simplifies the profile analysis of nanocomposite diffractionpatterns, especially for molecular sieves based on powders of SBA-15,MCM-41, MCM-48, etc. types. Keywords: porous matrices, diffraction, nanocomposite materials,elastic peak lineshape, higher central distribution moments\
Amorphization of silicon nanowires upon irradiation with argon ions
Authors: Kononina A. V.  , Balakshin Yu. V.  , Gonchar K.A.  , Bozhev I.V.  , Shemukhin A.A.  , Chernysh V.S.
Published: September 2022

The irradiation of silicon nanowires with Ar+ ions with the energy of 250 keV and fluences of 1013 to 1016 cm-2 was carried out. The dependence of the destruction of the structure under ion irradiation on the fluence was investigated by Raman spectroscopy. It was shown that the amorphization of porous silicon occurs at higher values of displacement per atom than in thin silicon films. Keywords: silicon nanowires, Raman spectroscopy, defect formation.
Investigation of the effect of nanosecond laser pulses processing on the microstructure and fatigue resistance of commercially pure titanium
Authors: Kolobov Yu. R.  , Manokhin S. S.  , Betekhtin V. I.  , Kadomtsev A. G.  , Narykova M. V.  , Odintsova G. V.  , Khramov G.V.
Published: September 2022

The effect has been studied of treatment with nanosecond laser pulses on the fatigue resistance of plate samples of recrystallized (grain size of the order of 2-3 μm) commercially pure titanium (grade VT1-0) under cyclic tensile loading. The results of investigations by scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the subsurface layer microstructure of the alloy under study after exposure to nanosecond laser irradiation and subsequent fatigue tests are presented. Keywords: titanium, surface, pulsed nanosecond laser irradiation, shock-wave action, fatigue properties.
Notes from the Pandemic Field
Authors: Dietrich Bethany , Hindes Kristen
Published: September 2022

This article will provide insight into academic library outreach collaborations between two neighboring institutions. Before and during the pandemic a series of events were planned exploring The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas. A virtual film discussion complete with a keynote speaker and intentional breakout rooms, each with a facilitator, for discussions was successfully executed with the help of over 25 faculty and staff from both colleges.
When the Doors Close: Promoting Academic Library Services in a Remote Environment through Strategic Storytelling
Authors: Moorhouse Anna
Published: September 2022

During times of upheaval, storytelling can become a bridge to establish organizational trust and convey essential service information. When the doors to the University of British Columbia Library’s physical branches closed in March 2020, the work performed by librarians and library staff across campus didn’t stop—instead, it pivoted, shifted and expanded. UBC Library's Communications & Marketing team created a three-part story series to strategically draw the focus of the wider campus community to promote these new and adapted services and reinforce the library’s essential role in research, teaching and learning. Using this series as a case study, this article explores how to craft and pitch a compelling academic library services story.
The effectiveness of acupressure combination neiguan and zuzanli points to decrease emesis gravidarum in the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Cholifah Siti , Purwanti Yanik , Cholifah Cholifah , Aprilia Dian
Published: September 2022

Background: Emesis gravidarum is the most common symptoms in pregnancy which about 50-90% causing a decrease in appetite and will affect changes in potassium, calcium and sodium electrolyte balance, thus will impact on changes in body metabolism. As much as 2% of pregnant women experienced excessive nausea and vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum) which can harm the mother and fetus. The current management of emesis gravidarum still uses pharmacological therapy, but pharmacological methods are more expensive, and more potential to have side effects. Instead of pharmacological methods, non-pharmacological methods are cheap, simple, effective, and have no side effects. One of the non-pharmacological methods to treat nausea and vomiting is acupressure.

Objectives: was to determine the effectiveness of the combination Neiguan point (PC6) & Zusanli point (ST 36) to decrease emesis Gravidarum in the first trimester of pregnancy in midwives independent practice Sidoarjo.

Methods: This research used quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The study population are pregnant women in the first trisemester who experienced emesis gravidarum, who met inclusion criteria and were willing to be studied and had no with consecutive sampling technique from February 2 to March 20, 2022 totaling 40 respondents. Measurement of emesis gravidarum using the Rhodes index instrument. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test with α 0.05.

Results: The results showed that the score for emesis gravidarum before acupressure was Mean+SD 22.0+4.01, while the score for emesis gravidarum after acupressure was Mean+SD 13.0+3.14. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed P value = 0.001 < 0.05 so there was a significant difference in the emesis gravidarum score before and after acupressure was given. Conclusions: Acupressure at the Neiguan point (PC6) and Zusanli point (ST 36) is effective in reducing emesis gravidarum in first trimester of pregnant women.
Health workers, especially midwives, can apply and teach acupressure to pregnant women to reduce nausea and vomiting complaints.
Addiction Symptom Network of Young Internet Users: Network Analysis
Authors: Lu Jianxia , Zhang Qinhan , Zhong Na , Chen Jin , Zhai Yujia , Guo Lei , Lu Chunlei , Chen Tianzhen , Jiang Zhongli , Zheng Hui
Published: September 2022

Background

An increasing number of people are becoming addicted to the internet as a result of overuse. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) is a popular tool for evaluating internet use behaviors. The interaction between different symptoms and the relationship between IAT and clinical diagnostic criteria are not well understood.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the core symptoms of internet addiction (IA) and the correlation between different symptoms of the IA symptom network. Network analysis was also conducted to explore the association between the IAT scale and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for IA.

Methods

We recruited 4480 internet users (aged 14-24 years), and they completed the IAT. The final analysis included 63.50% (2845/4480) of the participants after screening the submitted questionnaires. Participants were classified into IA group and non-IA (NIA) group. By using partial correlation with Lasso regularization networks, we identified the core symptoms of IA in each group and compared the group differences in network properties (strength, closeness, and betweenness). Then, we analyzed the symptom networks of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and IAT scale for IA.

Results

A total of 12.47% (355/2845) of the patients were in the IA group and 87.52% (2490/2845) of the patients were in the NIA group, and both groups were evaluated for the following nodes: IAT_06 (school work suffers; strength=0.511), IAT_08 (job performance suffers; strength=0.531), IAT_15 (fantasize about being on the web; strength=0.474), IAT_17 (fail to stop being on the web; strength=0.526), and IAT_12 (fear about boredom if offline; strength=0.502). The IA groups had a stronger edge between IAT_09 (defensive or secretive about being on the web) and IAT_18 (hidden web time) than the NIA groups. The items in DSM-5 had a strong association with IAT_12 (weight=−0.066), IAT_15 (weight=−0.081), IAT_17 (weight=−0.106), IAT_09 (weight=−0.198), and IAT_18 (weight=−0.052).

Conclusions

The internet use symptom network of the IA group is significantly different from that of the NIA group. Nodes IAT_06 (school work affected) and IAT_08 (work performance affected) are the resulting symptoms affected by other symptoms, whereas nodes IAT_12 (fear about boredom if offline), IAT_17 (inability to stop being on the web), and IAT_15 (fantasize about being on the web) are key symptoms that activate other symptoms of IA and are strongly linked to the inability to control the intention to play games in the DSM-5.
Investigating the Connections Between Delivery of Care, Reablement, Workload, and Organizational Factors in Home Care Services: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Darwich Adam S , Boström Anne-Marie , Guidetti Susanne , Raghothama Jayanth , Meijer Sebastiaan
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Home care is facing increasing demand due to an aging population. Several challenges have been identified in the provision of home care, such as the need for support and tailoring support to individual needs. Goal-oriented interventions, such as reablement, may provide a solution to some of these challenges. The reablement approach targets adaptation to disease and relearning of everyday life skills and has been found to improve health-related quality of life while reducing service use.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to characterize home care system variables (elements) and their relationships (connections) relevant to home care staff workload, home care user needs and satisfaction, and the reablement approach. This is to examine the effects of improvement and interventions, such as the person-centered reablement approach, on the delivery of home care services, workload, work-related stress, home care user experience, and other organizational factors. The main focus was on Swedish home care and tax-funded universal welfare systems.

METHODS

The study used a mixed methods approach where a causal loop diagram was developed grounded in participatory methods with academic health care science research experts in nursing, occupational therapy, aging, and the reablement approach. The approach was supplemented with theoretical models and the scientific literature. The developed model was verified by the same group of experts and empirical evidence. Finally, the model was analyzed qualitatively and through simulation methods.

RESULTS

The final causal loop diagram included elements and connections across the categories: stress, home care staff, home care user, organization, social support network of the home care user, and societal level. The model was able to qualitatively describe observed intervention outcomes from the literature. The analysis suggested elements to target for improvement and the potential impact of relevant studied interventions. For example, the elements “workload” and “distress” were important determinants of home care staff health, provision, and quality of care.

CONCLUSIONS

The developed model may be of value for informing hypothesis formulation, study design, and discourse within the context of improvement in home care. Further work will include a broader group of stakeholders to reduce the risk of bias. Translation into a quantitative model will be explored.
The Spatiotemporal Pattern and Its Determinants of Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome in Northeastern China: Spatiotemporal Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Yanding , Wei Xianyu , Jia Ruizhong , Peng XingYu , Zhang Xiushan , Yang Meitao , Li Zhiqiang , Guo Jinpeng , Chen Yong , Yin Wenwu , Zhang Wenyi , Wang Yong
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a significant zoonotic disease mainly transmitted by rodents. However, the determinants of its spatiotemporal patterns in Northeast China remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and epidemiological characteristics of HFRS and detect the meteorological effect of the HFRS epidemic in Northeastern China.

METHODS

The HFRS cases of Northeastern China were collected from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and meteorological data were collected from the National Basic Geographic Information Center. Times series analyses, wavelet analysis, Geodetector model, and SARIMA model were performed to identify the epidemiological characteristics, periodical fluctuation, and meteorological effect of HFRS in Northeastern China.

RESULTS

A total of 52,655 HFRS cases were reported in Northeastern China from 2006 to 2020, and most patients with HFRS (n=36,558, 69.43%) were aged between 30-59 years. HFRS occurred most frequently in June and November and had a significant 4- to 6-month periodicity. The explanatory power of the meteorological factors to HFRS varies from 0.15 ≤ q ≤ 0.01. In Heilongjiang province, mean temperature with a 4-month lag, mean ground temperature with a 4-month lag, and mean pressure with a 5-month lag had the most explanatory power on HFRS. In Liaoning province, mean temperature with a 1-month lag, mean ground temperature with a 1-month lag, and mean wind speed with a 4-month lag were found to have an effect on HFRS, but in Jilin province, the most important meteorological factors for HFRS were precipitation with a 6-month lag and maximum evaporation with a 5-month lag. The interaction analysis of meteorological factors mostly showed nonlinear enhancement. The SARIMA model predicted that 8,343 cases of HFRS are expected to occur in Northeastern China.

CONCLUSIONS

HFRS showed significant inequality in epidemic and meteorological effects in Northeastern China, and eastern prefecture-level cities presented a high risk of epidemic. This study quantifies the hysteresis effects of different meteorological factors and prompts us to focus on the influence of ground temperature and precipitation on HFRS transmission in future studies, which could assist local health authorities in developing HFRS-climate surveillance, prevention, and control strategies targeting high-risk populations in China.
Dampak perubahan tutupan lahan terhadap suhu permukaan di Perkotaan Temanggung: Menuju realisasi program infrastruktur hijau
Authors: Sumaryana Hendra , Buchori Imam , Sejati Anang Wahyu
Published: September 2022

Abstrak Urbanisasi membawa pengaruh yang besar pada lingkungan perkotaan, salah satunya adalah perubahan guna lahan yang memengaruhi perubahan iklim seperti kenaikan suhu permukaan di perkotaan atau Surface Urban Heat Islands (SUHI). Penelitian di Perkotaan Temanggung untuk melihat dampak fenomena  SUHI, menemukenali ancaman dan respon yang tepat dalam penanganannya. Analisis spasial dengan SIG yang dilakukan antara lain klasifikasi, overlay, dan digital image processing. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Infrastruktur Hijau (IH) yang sudah ada belum dapat menurunkan SUHI secara optimal. Didapat kawasan terbangun bertambah seluas 98,29 atau naik 22% di wilayah penelitian pada priode 2013 – 2020, sehingga mengakibatkan kenaikan suhu permukaan. Wilayah yang mengalami kenaikan  suhu permukaan diatas 30 °C  bertambah 84,96 ha atau naik 268 % dibandingkan pada tahun 2013. .Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengembangan Infrastruktur Hijau (IH) masih harus terus dilakukan. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa untuk menjamin kota yang berkelanjutan, perencanaan IH harus menjadi program prioritas. Abstract Urbanization has a big influence on the urban environment, one of which is land use changes that affect climate change such as the increase in Surface Urban Heat Islands (SUHI). Based on the impact and the urgency of this phenomenon, this study aims to identify threats and appropriate responses in handling them. Spatial analysis in GIS carried out include classification, Overlay, and Digital Image Processing. The results show that the existing Green Infrastructure (IH) has not been able to reduce SUHI. It was found that the built area increased by 98.29 or increased by 22% in the research area in the 2013 - 2020 period, resulting in an increase in surface temperature. Areas experiencing a high increase in surface temperature above 30 ° C increased by 84.96 ha or an increase of 268% compared to 2013.. This indicates that the development of Green Infrastructure (GI) still has to be carried out. This research proves that to ensure a sustainable city, GI planning must be a priority program.
The emergence of interior vowels and heterosyllabic vowel sequences in Ngwi (Bantu B861, DRC)
Authors: Pacchiarotti Sara , Maselli Lorenzo , Bostoen Koen
Published: September 2022

In this article, we offer a historical account of the development of two phonemic ‘interior’ vowels, [ə] and [ɤ], and heterosyllabic vowel sequences in Ngwi, a virtually undescribed West-Coastal Bantu language spoken in the western part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. While interior vowels phonologized due to the loss of their conditioning environment, most heterosyllabic vowel sequences come from the fission of an erstwhile palatal on-glide diphthong, itself originating in a long [–high] vowel. This origin is exactly the opposite of what has been reported for other language families such as Romance, where certain heterosyllabic vowel sequences of the *iV type evolved into diphthongs. The Ngwi data also show that phonemic interior vowels exist in languages of the Niger-Congo phylum where they had not been reported before. The historical development of heterosyllabic vowel sequences in Ngwi might have parallels in several other Bantu languages from the wider Congo rainforest area, where phonetic and phonological documentation is still embryonic.
Factors Impacting Serviceability of Bypass Road
Authors: Ahmad Anees , Khan Jamal Ahmed , Shah Azeem Ullah
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Urban traffic congestion is one of the major problems of the developing countries. Growing volumes of through traffic are often attributed to traffic flow challenges. Bypass roads are constructed to reduce congestion in the city center. Bypass diverts through traffic away from town centers leaving local streets to local traffic. Often these bypasses are built to accommodate increasing volumes of traffic particularly truck traffic. The aim of this research is how to improve travel time on bypass roads and to study various traffic congestion management approaches in big cities. Traffic volume, travel time, vehicle specifications and geometric parameters were determined in the field as input for the microsimulation model. Different facilities were incorporated on bypass road to improve travel time. Calibration and validation of the model were done, and results of traffic volume and travel time were compared with actual field data. The results obtained shows that in most of the cases congestion was found near the intersections. The options of a flyover, bus bays, pedestrian overhead bridge and slip lines were assumed in the analysis; in result highest travel time decrease on bypass road due to provision of slip lines
Runoff of nutrients and pollutants from urban watersheds
Authors: Klubov Stepan M. , Tretyakov Victor Yu.
Published: September 2022

Runoff of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and toxic pollutants from urbanized areas is significant source of toxic contamination and anthropogenic eutrophication of water bodies. It is difficult to calculate the surface runoff value. Overview of the runoff modules from urban watersheds with various degrees of urbanization is presented. Some results of our evaluation of the values for the watersheds of the Volkovka and Okhta rivers of St. Petersburg are considered. The evaluation was carried out with usage of our own methodology. The results of our research are compared with ones of other researches. The comparison demonstrates that urbanization significantly influences at intakes of the nutrients and pollutants into water object. The surface runoff is the main source of the pollutants and nutrients intakes into water objects from urban areas.
Spendemic: Japan’s Marketing of Mythical Creatures and the Business of Selling Hope
Authors: Cavcic Antonija
Published: September 2022

With their roots in animism and Shintōism, Japan’s mythical creatures known as yōkai have been feared, revered, and used to explain calamities or inexplicable phenomena. Needless to say, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak and even now to some extent, very little was known about the origins of the virus, its potency, and how it could be prevented or treated effectively. Naturally, this threw most countries in the world into a state of confusion and Japan was no exception. However, as opposed to seeking answers from conspiracy theories to make sense of the unknown, Japan turned to アマビエ(Amabié) – a mermaid-like yōkai known for prophesizing either an impending epidemic or an abundant harvest. While Amabié offers no explanation, advice or immediate help, it is believed that by recreating manifestations of its image, people can defend themselves against illness. Whether it was wishful thinking or simply a trend is debatable, but countless artists, city councils, product manufacturers, and shrines around the country all jumped onto the bandwagon of producing and promoting products with images of Amabié in 2020. Although their motives varied and a sense of hope certainly inspired the production and consumption of Amabié, in this article I argue that the profit factor was a major incentive for shrines and businesses who invested in the trend. I will demonstrate this by drawing upon previous research on the commodification of religion while providing examples of the commodification of Amabié by local, corporate, and secular entities.
Complex life cycles drive community assembly through immigration and adaptive diversification
Authors: Saltini Marco , Vasconcelos Paula , Rueffler Claus
Published: September 2022

Most animals undergo ontogentic niche shifts during their life. Yet,
standard ecological theory builds on models that ignore this complexity.
Here, we study how complex life cycles, where juvenile and adult
individuals each feed on different sets of resources, affect community
richness. Two different modes of community assembly are considered:
gradual adaptive evolution and immigration of new species with randomly
selected phenotypes. We find that under gradual evolution complex life
cycles can lead to both higher and lower species richness when compared
to a model of species with simple life cycles that lack an ontogenetic
niche shift. Thus, complex life cycles do not per se increase the
scope for gradual adaptive diversification. However, complex life cycles
can lead to significantly higher species richness when communities are
assembled trough immigration, as immigrants can occupy isolated peaks of
the dynamic fitness landscape that are not accessible via gradual
evolution.
6: Self-Care: Promoting Functional Abilities among Older Adults
Authors: Quintana Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

An individualized approach to managing older adults with diabetes is appropriate, keeping in mind the variability and complexity of this population. The vast majority of diabetes management is self-care. Older adults are heterogeneous in their functional status and disease. It is never too late to make changes that can help people live longer and healthier lives. People are much more inclined to make behavior changes when they see themselves as part of the solution.
13: Visual Impairment in Older Adults
Authors: Williams Ann
Published: September 2022

This chapter covers basic information about the disease process, effects on vision, and treatments for the most common causes of visual loss in older adults with diabetes: cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and macular degeneration. The chapter also includes a brief overview of visual rehabilitation services and an overview of the tools and techniques for independent diabetes self-management by people with visual impairment or blindness.
15: Transitions of Care Settings
Authors: Wagle Ann
Published: September 2022

Care transitions occur when an older adult moves from one setting to another. Community-dwelling older adults who need acute care are admitted to hospital environments. Not infrequently, these same individuals are transferred to skilled long-term care (LTC) nursing facilities for short-term post-acute care before returning to home. Conversely, residents in LTC commonly are transferred to other care settings because of the need of a different level of care or the need to be relocated to another organization or care team.
14: Improving the Safety and Effectiveness of Insulin Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Apel Jill , Baldwin David
Published: September 2022

Chronic renal failure is frequently encountered in hospitalized patients with diabetes and is an important risk factor for hypoglycemia, especially if these patients are treated with a sulfonylurea or with insulin. A study of a large database from the U.S. Veterans Health Administration revealed that the rate of blood glucose (BG) <70 mg/dL was twice as high in patients with diabetes and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 as compared with patients with diabetes and normal renal function after adjustment for age, race, and other comorbidities.
26: Noninsulin Therapies
Authors: Mendez Carlos , Gianchandani Roma , Umpierrez Guillermo
Published: September 2022

This chapter will review the evidence on the available noninsulin antidiabetic agents and discuss advantages and disadvantages for their use in hospitalized patients.
Beta Cell Function, Hepatic Insulin Clearance, and Insulin Sensitivity in South Asian and Nordic Women after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sharma Archana , Lee-Ødegård Sindre , Qvigstad Elisabeth , Sommer Christine , Sattar Naveed , Gill Jason M.R. , Gulseth Hanne L. , Sollid Stina T. , Nermoen Ingrid , Birkeland Kåre I.
Published: September 2022

South Asians have higher risk of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than Nordic women; however the mechanisms behind this difference remain unclear. We investigated insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, and hepatic insulin clearance, in 179 South Asian and 108 Nordic women ~17 months after GDM (mean age 35.3 years and BMI 29.1 kg/m2), via an oral glucose tolerance test using deconvolution of C-peptide kinetics. 31% of South Asian and 53% of Nordic participants were normoglycemic at the time of measurement. South Asian women had higher area under the curve (AUC) for glucose, pre-hepatic insulin, peripheral insulin, and lower levels of insulin sensitivity, disposition index, and fasting hepatic insulin clearance compared with Nordic women. In the group with prediabetes or diabetes, South Asian women displayed similar AUC for glucose and pre-hepatic insulin, but higher AUC for peripheral insulin, and lower levels of disposition index, and fasting hepatic insulin clearance compared with Nordic women. The waist-to-height ratio mediated ~25-40% of the ethnic differences in insulin sensitivity in normoglycemic women. Overall, our novel data showed that normoglycemic South Asian women after GDM displayed lower insulin secretion for a given insulin resistance, and lower hepatic insulin clearance compared with Nordic women. South Asian women are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes after GDM, and preventive efforts should be prioritized. 