bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A corpus-based approach to Charles Dickens's use of direct thought presentation
Authors: Ruano Pablo
Published: November 2018

This paper presents a corpus-based approach to Charles Dickens's use of direct thought presentation in his fifteen novels, an aspect that is traditionally under-explored, perhaps due to his characters’ lack of psychological depth. Thanks to the use of corpus tools such as WordSmith Tools 7 ( Scott, 2016 ) and Corpus Linguistics in Cheshire (CLiC), stretches of direct thought have been effectively retrieved and systematically scrutinised. The 244 stretches of direct thought presentation identified here have revealed meaningful patterns in form and function so far as Dickens's use of this mode of presentation is concerned. Not only will the analysis of these patterns give us a better understanding of Dickens's style, but it will also reinforce the findings discussed in Busse's (2010) study of direct thought presentation in nineteenth-century English fiction – the most comprehensive analysis to date.
Realisations and variants of have to: what corpora can tell us about usage-based experience
Authors: Tizón-Couto David , Lorenz David
Published: November 2018

This paper explores the potential of corpus data to account for language users’ mental representations of a high-frequency item that is prone to phonetic reduction. We present an analysis of the realisations of semi-modal have to in spoken American English, which is a candidate for to-contraction (compare wanna and gotta) but has no clearly established contracted form. The study therefore focusses on the potential reduction of to and its conditioning by speech rate and phonetic environment. Three variants are extracted from the data, a citation form [hævtʊ] (or [hæftʊ]), a ‘schwa variant’ [hævtə] (or [hæftə]), and a reduced form that is akin to to-contraction [hævɾə] (‘havda’). The first two can alternate freely, but are subject to preferences based on the following sound, while the contracted form is strongly tied to rapid speech. These results suggest that the citation form and schwa variant are generally stored exemplars of have to, while ‘havda’ is more weakly represented in the system (as an outcome of on-line articulatory reduction). In this it clearly differs from conventionalised contractions such as gotta and wanna. On the methodological level, the study shows that thorough analysis of spoken corpus data provides insights into exemplar representations, though experimental hypothesis testing is also necessary.
Selective Targeting of 4SO4-N-Acetyl-Galactosamine Functionalized Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle to Macrophages: Correlation With Activation of Immune System
Authors: Mubin Nida , Umar Mohd. Saad , Zubair Swaleha , Owais Mohammad
Published: November 2018

In the present study, we investigated potential of chitosan-based nanoparticles (CNPs) to deliver loaded therapeutic molecules to pathogen harboring macrophages. We fabricated stable CNPs employing ionic cross-linking method and evaluated their potential to target RAW 264.7 cells. The physicochemical characterization of as-synthesized CNPs was determined using electron microscopy, infrared microscopy and zeta potential measurement. Next, cellular uptake and intracellular localization studies of CNPs were followed in living RAW264.7 cells using confocal microscopy. We found that both Acr-1 loaded (CNP-A) and 4-SO4-GalNAc ligand harboring (CNP-L) chitosan nanoparticle experience increased cellular uptake by Mycobacterium smegmatis infected RAW cells. Following cellular digestion in model macrophage cell line (RAW), CNPs provide an increased immune response. Further, 4-SO4-GalNAc bearing CNP-L exhibits high binding affinity as well as antibacterial efficacy toward M. smegmatis. The data of the present study suggest that CNP-based nanoparticle offer a promising delivery strategy to target infected macrophages for prevention and eradication of intracellular pathogens such as M. smegmatis.
Les enclaves de serpentine dans les gneiss du Massif Central français
Authors: Chenevoy Maurice
Published: November 2018

On trouve, enclavés dans les vieux terrains cristallophylliens du centre de la France, des blocs de serpentine. Ces blocs sont entourés, d'une manière constante, d'auréoles minéralogiquement différenciées qui traduisent une double diffusion des éléments chimiques entre enclaves et gneiss encaissants.

Ces enclaves serpentineuses, toujours liées à des migmatites, peuvent être considérées comme provenant de la fragmentation et de la digestion partielle, lors de la migmatisation, de petits massifs de péridotites.

Au Châtelet, les blocs de serpentine ont été transformés secondairement en quartzite à fuchsite par un métasomatose due à la circulation de solutions hydrothermales aurifères dans des filons voisins.
Sur l'influence de la dimension des cristaux de chlorites sur leurs courbes d'analyse thermique différentielle
Authors: Sabatier Germain
Published: November 2018

Dans l'analyse thermique d'un minéral on ne se préoccupe généralement pas de la dimension des cristaux sur lesquels on opère. Cela est justifié dans le cas où le minéral est très divisé, une argile par exemple ; alors une nouvelle division n'aurait pas grand effet. Mais s'il s'agit d'un minéral en gros cristaux, les courbes d'analyse thermique avant et après broyage peuvent être si différentes qu'on ne soupçonnerait pas, à première vue, qu'elles ont été obtenues avec un même échantillon. Nous nous proposons, dans cette note, de décrire un effet de ce genre observé avec des chlorites.
Essai de manométrie minéralogique
Authors: Deicha Georges
Published: November 2018

Alors que les inclusions liquides aqueuses sont par excellence des thermomètres minéralogiques, on peut considérer les inclusions à anhydride carbonique comme de véritables manomètres à gaz. Les mesures sur ces inclusions permettent des calculs physiques rigoureux. L'auteur pense que c'est en premier lieu des indications sur l'ordre de grandeur des pressions mises en jeu dans le milieu géochimique qu'il faut leur demander. Ceci non seulement dans la gangue des filons pneumatolytiques mais jusqu'au cœur des granites qui gardent sous des pressions souvent supérieures à leur pression critique des reliques des constituants volatils issus du magma.
Appareillage de précision pour spectrographie X
Authors: Rose Adolphe-Jean
Published: November 2018

Différents châssis pour la réalisation de diagrammes de poudre, Debye-Scherrer ou Seeman-Bohlin en retour (films de 35 X 240 mm. et 480 mm. de longueur), de cristal tournant (films 100 X 240 mm.), ou de Laue (films ou plaques 100 X 130 et 130 X 180) peuvent coiffer une embase unique portant le support de préparation orientable. Cette embase est montée sur un banc d'optique orientable. On peut faire deux spectres de poudre sur le même film, et utiliser deux films superposés. Toutes les chambres sont d'une grande fidélité. Le profil des collimateurs et des puits a été soigneusement étudié pour supprimer toute diffusion parasite au centre des clichés et permettre l'enregistrement de grands intervalles réticulaires. Description de supports orientables de monochromateurs à cristal plan et à cristal courbé. Méthodes de réglage et d'utilisation des appareils.
Série d'abaques permettant la détermination rapide des feldspaths maclés albite
Authors: Laffitte Pierre
Published: November 2018

Après un bref rappel de la méthode de Nieuwenkamp pour la détermination optique des feldspaths maclés, l'auteur montre que dans le cas des feldspaths maclés albite, la détermination peut être rendue très rapide.

On mesure les angles d'extinction des lamelles maclées et le rapport de leur biréfringence. Une série d'abaques permet de déduire immédiatement de ces 3 grandeurs la teneur en anorthite. Ces abaques ont été construits à partir des données optiques de M. Nieuwenkamp et de MM. Duparc et Reinhardt.
Spectres Raman de monocristaux de sel de seignette et de certains monophosphates alcalins
Authors: Chapelle Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2018

L'auteur a étudié en détail les spectres Raman du sel de Seignette et de certains monophosphates alcalins. Le caractère commun à tous ces cristaux est de posséder une courte liaison hydrogène. Les résultats essentiels sont les suivants :

Le sel de Seignette possède un spectre qui varie considérablement en fonction de la température ; la structure de ce cristal est trop complexe pour que ses molécules d'eau puissent être orientées avec certitude.

Les liaisons hydrogène qui, dans les phosphates, lient les groupements PO4 entre eux ont une structure dissymétrique. Mais tout se passe comme si les ions phosphate avaient la symétrie quaternaire.

Le spectre de translation de PO₄H₂NH₄ a été calculé à partir de ses constantes élastiques ; les spectres théoriques et expérimentaux sont en accord. Il en résulte pour la liaison (O-H)... (O) une constante de liaison k = 2,30. 104 c. g. s., ce qui conduit à penser que même si un phénomène de résonance protonique existe, cette liaison est en majeure partie de nature ionique.

A température ordinaire l'ion NH₄ ne tourne pas librement dans le cristal de PO₄H₂NH₄.
Some three students: towards a unified account of some
Authors: Solt Stephanie , Stevens Jon
Published: November 2018

This paper investigates the semantics of the some+numeral construction (e.g. Some 20 cars were involved in the accident). Contra previous analyses, we demonstrate that some+numeral is not inherently approximating, but instead can be aligned to the canonical use of some as an indefinite determiner. Drawing on estab- lished theories of the semantics of degree expressions and epistemic indefinites, we propose that on all of its uses, some encodes a domain-shifting function, which op- erates on sets of pluralities of some sort. We demonstrate that this analysis accounts for both the variable presence of an approximating effect as well as constraints on the distribution of some+numeral, and discuss some consequences for the semantics of number and degree, and for the treatment of some more generally.
Evaluation Of Risk Factors In Cardiovascular Patients With Diagnosis Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Tocantins Viana Lobato Edienny Augusta , Santos Fernanda Araújo , Marinho Ana Rachel Koury , Dos Santos Neto Alvaro Alves , Ferreira Suzana Maria Klautau , Cortinhas Renan Dos Santos , De Sousa Giordana Pereira , Teixeira Neto Francisco De Almeida , Reis Guimarães Vivianne De Paula , Nascimento Igor Batista , Oliveira Caio Nogueira , Graim Priscila Nathyelly Dos Santos , Sabry Azar Anderson Phelipe Dias
Published: November 2018

Title: Evaluation of risk factors in cardiovascular patients with diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Background: prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in lupic patients.This study aimed to evaluate the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients diagnosed with SLE in a Rheumatology Ambulatory, comparing groups with and without SLE nephritis.

Methods: a quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out during the period from November 2016 to June 2017. 86 patients were interviewed using specific protocol.

Conclusions: among the cardiovascular risk factors evaluated, systemic hypertension was more frequent in SLE patients (33.7%), followed by smoking (17.4%) and diabetes mellitus (5.8%). There was, however, no difference between the frequency of these comorbidities in the groups with and without lupus nephritis.
Reconnection Acceleration in Saturn’s Dayside Magnetodisk: A Multicase Study with Cassini
Authors: Guo R. L. , Yao Z. H. , Sergis N. , Wei Y. , Mitchell D. , Roussos E. , Palmaerts B. , Dunn W. R. , Radioti A. , Ray L. C. , Coates A. J. , Grodent D. , Arridge C. S. , Kollmann P. , Krupp N. , Waite J. H. , Dougherty M. K. , Burch J. L. , Wan W. X.
Published: November 2018

Recently, rotationally driven magnetic reconnection was first discovered in Saturn’s dayside magnetosphere. This newly confirmed process could potentially drive bursty phenomena at Saturn, i.e., pulsating energetic particles and auroral emissions. Using Cassini’s measurements of magnetic fields and charged particles, we investigate particle acceleration features during three magnetic reconnection events observed in Saturn’s dayside magnetodisk. The results suggest that the rotationally driven reconnection process plays a key role in producing energetic electrons (up to 100 keV) and ions (several hundreds of kiloelectron volts). In particular, we find that energetic oxygen ions are locally accelerated at all three reconnection sites. Isolated, multiple reconnection sites were recorded in succession during an interval lasting for much less than one Saturn rotation period. Moreover, a secondary magnetic island is reported for the first time at the dayside, collectively suggesting that the reconnection process is not steady and could be “drizzle-like.” This study demonstrates the fundamental importance of internally driven magnetic reconnection in accelerating particles in Saturn’s dayside magnetosphere, and likewise in the rapidly rotating Jovian magnetosphere and beyond.
Constraints on the Moment of Inertia of PSR J0737-3039A from GW170817
Authors: Landry Philippe , Kumar Bharat
Published: November 2018

Continued observation of PSR J0737-3039, the double pulsar, is expected to yield a precise determination of its primary component’s moment of inertia in the next few years. Since the moment of inertia depends sensitively on the neutron star’s internal structure, such a measurement will constrain the equation of state of ultra-dense matter, which is believed to be universal. Independent equation-of-state constraints have already been established by the gravitational-wave measurement of neutron star tidal deformability in GW170817. Here, using well-known universal relations among neutron star observables, we translate the reported 90% credible bounds on tidal deformability into a direct constraint,

, on the moment of inertia of PSR J0737-3039A. Should a future astrophysical measurement of I
⋆ disagree with this prediction, it could indicate a breakdown in the universality of the neutron star equation of state.
Energy Partition between Ion and Electron of Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Hoshino Masahiro
Published: November 2018

The plasma heating during collisionless magnetic reconnection is investigated using particle-in-cell simulations. We analyze the time evolution of the plasma temperature associated with the motion of the reconnecting flux tube, where the plasma temperature is defined as the second-order moment of the velocity distribution function in the simulation frame/in the center of the flux tube frame, and we show that the plasma heating during magnetic reconnection can be separated into two distinct stages: the nonadiabatic heating stage, in which the magnetic field lines are just reconnecting in the X-type diffusion region, and the adiabatic heating stage, in which the flux tube is shrinking after two flux tubes merge. During the adiabatic heating stage, the plasma temperature T can be approximated by TV

γ−1 = const., where γ = 5/3 is the specific heat, and V is the volume of the flux tube. In the nonadiabatic heating stage, we found numerically that the ratio of the increment of the ion temperature to that of the electron temperature can be approximated by

, where m

i
and m

e
are the ion and electron masses, respectively. We also present a theoretical model based on a magnetic-diffusion-dominated reconnection to explain the simulation result.
Auriculoterapia na qualidade de vida de crianças com encefalopatia crônica não progressiva da infância
Authors: Santos Rafael Klein dos , Maltauro Luciana , Antoniassi Daniele Parisotto
Published: November 2018

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da auriculoterapia na qualidade de vida (QV) de crianças com encefalopatia crônica não progressiva da infância (ECNPI).MÉTODOS: O presente estudo é de caráter quantitativo. Foi realizado no Centro Educacional Municipal de Atendimento Especializado (CEMAE) na cidade de Campo Largo – PR. Participaram do estudo oito crianças com ECNPI, classificadas em todos os níveis do Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), com idade de 0 a 12 anos. Foi utilizada uma ficha de anamnese e o questionário PedsQL 3.1, específico para ECNPI. As crianças realizaram oito sessões de reabilitação funcional e, nos oito atendimentos posteriores, foi associado à auriculoterapia. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o software GraphPad Prism 5.0. Inicialmente foi aplicado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para verificar a normalidade dos dados. Como os dados assumiram distribuição não paramétrica, foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon.RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram favoráveis à técnica, proporcionando melhora nas dimensões dor e machucado, fadiga e atividades alimentares, assim como em questões específicas da desordem abordada, como constipação, sonolência e irritabilidade, evidenciando a eficiência da auriculoterapia na QV de indivíduos com ECNPI.CONCLUSÕES: A auriculoterapia foi eficiente uma vez que apresentou impacto positivo na QV de crianças com diagnóstico de ECNPI.
Efeito de intervenção de exercícios físicos multifuncionais na percepção da qualidade de vida de cuidadores de pacientes com Doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Figueiredo Karina de , Coelho Flávia Gomes de Melo , Corazza Danilla Icassatti , Pádua Amanda Morais de , Ferreira Bruno Naves , Papini Camila Bosquiero
Published: November 2018

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito de intervenção de exercícios físicos multifuncionais (EFM) na percepção da qualidade de vida (QV) de cuidadores de pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA).MÉTODOS: Estudo quase experimental com oito cuidadores de pacientes com DA divididos em Grupo intervenção (GI=4) e Grupo controle (GC=4). O protocolo de intervenção constou de EFM com 2 sessões semanais durante 12 semanas. Os EFM eram constituídos de alongamento e de relaxamento, exercícios resistidos, flexibilidade, agilidade, coordenação motora, exercícios aeróbios e atividades lúdicas. O questionário WHOQOL-Bref foi aplicado pré e pós-intervenção em ambos os grupos. O teste Wilcoxon pareado verificou as diferenças na mediana dos resultados de QV nos momentos pré-teste e pós-teste.RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos cuidadores no GI e GC (59,7±11 e 65,5±10,03 anos, respectivamente) indica uma amostra com idade avançada. Ambos os grupos dedicam muitas horas do dia no cuidado do paciente (GI= 5,7±8,8 e GC=18±9) e 80% dos cuidadores percebem o cuidado como prazeroso. Verificou-se que quatro cuidadores do GI e dois do GC não estavam engajados em nenhum tipo de exercício físico no início da pesquisa, o que pode ter influenciado nos resultados da saúde física (GI=25% de cuidadores classificou como ruim e 50% como média; GC=75% como média). Não houve diferença significativa nos escores de QV.CONCLUSÕES: Os EFM não obtiveram resultados significativos nos escores de QV dos cuidadores após 12 semanas de intervenção. Mesmo assim, a QV de todos os cuidadores é considerada muito boa.
Pourquoi la psychanalyse multifamiliale ?
Authors: Rabain Nicolas
Published: November 2018

La psychanalyse multifamiliale, qui consiste à réunir plusieurs patients et leurs parents autour de cothérapeutes, est à ce jour peu connue en France. L’objectif de ce travail est de contribuer à la promotion de cette nouvelle approche thérapeutique à l’adolescence. Car ce dispositif contribue aux différentes opérations qui conduisent au désinvestissement des objets parentaux, paradoxalement en la présence de ces derniers. En prenant appui sur un matériel inter- et transgénérationnel et sur les jeux identificatoires entre les participants, nous montrons comment les assemblées multifamiliales relancent les capacités associatives, la conflictualité interne ainsi que le redéploiement de la libido sur des objets de substitution. Notre contribution vise, autrement dit, à promouvoir l’inclusion des parents dans un groupe thérapeutique pour adolescents.
Plaidoyer pour un nouveau syndrome « Exposition précoce et excessive aux écrans » ( epee )
Authors: Marcelli Daniel , Bossière Marie-Claude , Ducanda Anne-Lise
Published: November 2018

Les auteurs présentent ce qu’ils considèrent comme un nouveau syndrome, « l’ epee  », Exposition précoce et excessive aux écrans. Précoce car cela concerne les tout-petits (de 5/6 mois à 4/5 ans ; excessive quand le temps passé devant les écrans excède parfois plusieurs heures ; d’apparition récente du fait de leur envahissement dans la vie familiale. Ce « perturbateur environnemental et développemental » majeur, l’écran, est à l’origine des principaux symptômes (troubles de l’attention, retard de langage, difficultés relationnelles avec intérêt exclusif, etc.) du fait d’une sur-stimulation/captation de l’attention perceptive aux dépens de l’attention profonde, une absence de synchronisation interactive entre le tout-petit et ses proches, etc. Installé, ce syndrome exige une privation totale des écrans. Des conseils sont aussi proposés pour réduire cette quasi-épidémie…
Histoire de poussettes
Authors: Meyer Françoise L.
Published: November 2018

C’est à partir d’une rencontre avec la façon dont les enfants sont dans le quotidien de la cité, qu’une question s’est fait jour. Quelle attention porte-t-on à l’enfant dans nos sociétés modernes occidentales ? Le savoir médical et le savoir psychologique ont modifié le rapport aux enfants. La médecine s’est emparée de sa santé, la psychologie de son bien-être et de sa relation à ses éducateurs. Ces savoirs sont relayés par le marché qui propose ce qu’il y a de « mieux » pour l’enfant en matière de produits. Comment le désir des parents peut-il se frayer un chemin entre ces différents discours ? Comment le psychanalyste peut-il permettre ce frayage ? Il sera à l’écoute de l’enfant dans son corps et de ses parents dans leur capacité d’accueil de l’inouï que représente ce nouveau venu.
Macular Hole After Poppers (Alkyl Nitrate) Inhalation in a Child
Authors: Dyrda Agnieszka , Català-Mora Jaume , Rey Amanda , Díaz-Cascajosa Jesus , Vidal-Santacana Mariona
Published: November 2018

The authors present the first case of macular hole (MH) after a single inhalation of poppers. A 13-year-old girl presented with vision loss in the left eye (OS). Pediatric and neurology exams were normal. Funduscopy revealed bilateral papilledema and yellow foveal spot OS. Optic neuritis was diagnosed and treated. Due to foveal alteration, optical coherence tomography was performed, and MH was diagnosed. Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, peeling of the internal limiting membrane, and SF
6
exchange were performed. Postoperatively, vision restoration and MH closure were observed. Although MH mechanism in the poppers context is unknown, the classic surgery is effective.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:897–900.]
Single Retinal Layer Changes After Subthreshold Micropulse Yellow Laser in Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Vujosevic Stela , Frizziero Luisa , Martini Ferdinando , Bini Silvia , Convento Enrica , Cavarzeran Fabiano , Midena Edoardo
Published: November 2018

A pilot prospective, interventional study has been conducted on 10 patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with subthreshold micropulse laser (SMPL) to evaluate changes of individual retinal layers and to correlate with functional changes. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and microperimetry at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Compared with baseline, a significant decrease was found in inner nuclear layer (INL) and outer retinal layer (ORL) thickness in the central 1 mm (
P
< .05). Increase in best-corrected visual acuity was significantly and inversely correlated to central retinal thickness (CRT) (
P
= .0027), INL (
P
= .0167), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness (
P
= .0107). Increase in retinal sensitivity was significantly and inversely correlated to CRT and ONL thickness (
P
< .01). Therefore, SMPL showed to improve firstly functional parameters and then morphologic parameters. Functional parameters were inversely correlated to CRT, INL, and ONL thickness. The exact mechanism of reduction of INL thickness induced by SMPL remains to be further evaluated.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:e218–e225.]
Virtual Standardized Patients for Interactive Conversational Training
Authors: Talbot Thomas B. , Rizzo Albert Skip
Published: November 2018

The USC Standard Patient is a virtual human-based conversational agent serving in the role of a simulated medical patient, also known as a virtual standardized patient (VSP). This research identified deficiencies of extant VSP systems, defined a robust set of requirements, and successfully achieved nearly all of them. Markedly impressive advancements were made in virtual human technology, techniques to apply natural language processing, automated assessment artificial intelligence, and pedagogical design. The effort succeeded with performance parameters of high conversational performance, accurate assessment, and strongly demonstrated user training effect. Although working well within its confined are of expertise, the ability for computers to create authentic mixed initiative conversations remains elusive. This effort leaves behind many lessons for interactive serious games, clinical virtual humans, and conversational virtual human training applications.
Preparing the Right Physicians to be Exceptional Leaders in the 21st Century
Authors: Cohen Kenneth R. , Hanover Kenneth
Published: November 2018

This chapter describes evidence-based strategies found to most effectively maximize the Return On Investment (ROI) of physicians' formal leadership training programs. Recognizing that no two prospective physician leaders are exactly the same, formal leadership training programs cannot be most effective if these do not allow for organizational and situational differences as well as critical differences among physicians' demonstrated personalities and leadership styles. When selecting prospective physician leaders, the authors advocate for an individualized process which requires “Diagnosis Before Treatment,” “Three Dimensional Screening,” and the application of “More Effective Alternative Strategies” in order to avoid committing the “12 Deadly Sins.”
Developing Clinical Leaders
Authors: Storey Valerie A.
Published: November 2018

Complex 21st century healthcare systems require leaders capable of making strategic decisions grounded on sound medical and healthcare knowledge and practices. Traditionally, these two domains have been viewed through a binary lens. In the 21st century, these domains are best viewed through a unitary lens. Consequently, several medical and business schools have developed joint programs to train physician leaders who receive both medical (MD) and master of business administration (MBA) degrees. St. Joseph's University in partnership with Lancaster General Health (LG Health) system developed an Executive MBA program for aspiring healthcare system leaders who previously trained for only one domain. This chapter examines the impact of the Executive MBA on clinical leaders and the organization they serve.
Robust Design of a Smart Structure under Manufacturing Uncertainty via Nonsmooth PDE-Constrained Optimization
Authors: Kolvenbach Philip , Ulbrich Stefan , Krech Martin , Groche Peter
Published: November 2018

We consider the problem of finding the optimal shape of a force-sensing element which is integrated into a tubular structure. The goal is to make the sensor element sensitive to specific forces and insensitive to other forces. The problem is stated as a PDE-constrained minimization program with both nonconvex objective and nonconvex constraints. The optimization problem depends on uncertain parameters, because the manufacturing process of the structures underlies uncertainty, which causes unwanted deviations in the sensory properties. In order to maintain the desired properties of the sensor element even in the presence of uncertainty, we apply a robust optimization method to solve the uncertain program.The objective and constraint functions are continuous but not differentiable with respect to the uncertain parameters, so that existing methods for robust optimization cannot be applied. Therefore, we consider the nonsmooth robust counterpart formulated in terms of the worst-case functions, and show that subgradients can be computed efficiently. We solve the problem with a BFGS--SQP method for nonsmooth problems recently proposed by Curtis, Mitchell and Overton.
Cross-Domain Tolerance Analysis for Directional Control Valves Based on Imperfect Information
Authors: Tautenhahn Ralf , Weber Jürgen
Published: November 2018

The task of tolerance analysis usually addresses the question of the mechanical mountability of an assembly. We extend this viewpoint when talking about directional control valves in a crossdomain tolerance analysis; an analysis whose task is to determine the possible variation in the key product characteristics induced by a specific tolerance concept. As the available information about the noise factors to be toleranced is almost always imperfect generalised methods for their representation and the propagation of their impact on the key product characteristics are required. In this study the capabilities and potentials of belief and plausibility measures as well as fuzzy random variables are compared to traditional worst-case and statistical tolerance analysis.
Cloudbased Production Optimization - Potential and Limits Today
Authors: Feist Roger
Published: November 2018

This paper shows how a databased approach towards production optimization was realized with the help of cloud-technologies. Several uncertainties, either in the manufacturing of the producing machines or in the production on these machines can be systematically reduced. In this way a significant improvement in production amount, but also in produced quality can be reached.
Towards Damage Controlled Hot Forming
Authors: Bambach Markus , Sizova Irina , Emdadi Aliakbar
Published: November 2018

Metal forming processes may induce internal damage in the form of voids in the workpiece under unfavorable deformation conditions. Controlling the amount of damage induced by metal forming operations may increase service performance of the produced parts. Damage is crucial in high-performance components of limited workability such as jet engine turbine blades. Recent developments have introduced forged titanium aluminides into commercial jet engines. Titanium aluminides are lightweight intermetallic compounds with excellent creep properties but very limited ductility. Their low workability requires isothermal forging at slow strain rates, which is typically kept constant in the process. This work explores the possibility of increasing the ram speed during the process so that the process time is reduced while the amount of damage introduced into the workpiece is controlled. The results show that a 25% reduction in process time seems viable without increase in damage by solving an optimal control problem, in which the ram speed profile is determined off-line by minimization.
Adaptivity as a Property to Achieve Resilience of Load-Carrying Systems
Authors: Schlemmer Pia D. , Kloberdanz Hermann , Gehb Christopher M. , Kirchner Eckhard
Published: November 2018

Load-carrying systems often suffer from unexpected disruptions which can cause damages or system breakdowns if they were neglected during product development. In this context, unexpected disruptions summarize unpredictable load conditions, external disturbances or failures of system components and can be comprehended as uncertainties caused by nescience. While robust systems can cope with stochastic uncertainties, uncertainties caused by nescience can be controlled only by resilient load-carrying systems. This paper gives an overview of the characteristics of resilience as well as the time-dependent resilient behaviour of subsystems. Based on this, the adaptivity of subsystems is classified and can be distinguished between autonomous and externally induced adaption and the temporal horizon of adaption. The classification of adaptivity is explained using a simple example of a joint brake application.
Study on FSW Butt Joint Properties of Dissimilar Wrought AA6063-T1 Aluminum Alloy and Cast Al-Mg Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Kimapong Kittipong , Taweekaew Wipa , Triwanapong Surat
Published: November 2018

This paper focused on applying friction stir weld method on welding a butt joint of wrought6063-T1 aluminum alloy and cast Mg-Si aluminum alloy and studied on effect of various parameterssuch as rotating speeds and travelling speeds. The experiment revealed that a variation of the rotatingand travelling speeds affected to vary the weld quality. Higher rotating speed and higher travellingspeed produced the defects such as voids that directly decreased tensile strength of the joint. Whenthe sound weld metal with the high tensile strength was produced, the failure of the tensile testspecimen was located at the cast aluminum alloy. The average tensile strength of the sound joints was10-15% higher than that of the cast aluminum alloy. Microstructure investigation of the specimenwith the optimum welding parameter revealed that the combination of the aluminum alloys wascompleted without any defect in the weld metal. Compressed force by the welding tool produced thesmall compacted grain in the weld metal and small combined banding area at the interface of boththe cast aluminum alloy and the weld metal.
Effect of DI Water Content on the Growth of Anatase TiO2 Nanotubes Synthesized by Anodization Process
Authors: Koking Prachtrakool , Thumthan Orathai , Noothongkaew Suttinart
Published: November 2018

Vertically aligned anatase TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) were fabricated by anodization of a pureTi foil in ethylene glycol solutions containing different concentrations of deionized (DI) water. Themorphology, elemental composition, and crystallization of TiO2 nanostructures were analyzed byfield emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ramanspectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The diameter and length of TiO2 NTswere controlled by varying concentrations of DI water. Furthermore, we found that TiO2 NTs in DIwater 12 wt. % was suitable for further applications in UV photodetector due to it has a high volumeto surface area ratio and long tube. TiO2 NTs have a high potential in various applications such as UVphotodetectors, gas sensor, dye sensitized solar cells, and photocatalysts.
Physical Behavior of Ternary Portland Cement Mortar Mixtures Incorporating Pozzolan and Filler
Authors: Arreola-Sanchez Mauricio , Pacheco-Segovia Jorge Alberto , Chávez García Hugo Luis , Martínez-Molina Wilfrido , Alonso-Guzmán Elia Mercedes , Acha-Palomares Jazmin , Lara Gomez Cindy , Jeronimo Rodriguez Felipe J.
Published: November 2018

This work shows the results carried out by mixtures of Portland cement mortars with twoadditions: ash brick ovens (CELU) which acting as pozzolan, and ground expanded perlite (PEM)as filler. The objective of this research is to determine whether by adding a pozzolan and fillermixtures base Portland cement is possible to increase physical and mechanical behavior. There were3 mixtures: the control and 2 more: one with substitution of 7% CELU, and other with 7% CELU+5%PEM respectively, carrying out tests of normal consistency, setting, fluency, simple compression,indirect tension, ultrasonic pulse velocity and electrical resistivity at the ages of 3, 7, 14, 28 and 120days. The results were favorable in the mixture that incorporates both materials (CELU+PEM).
Hot Forging of Roll-Cast Magnesium Alloys with High Aluminum Content
Authors: Hirawatari Sueji , Watari Hisaki , Nishida Shinichi , Suzuki Mayumi , Haga Toshio
Published: November 2018

This paper deals with characteristics of hot forging of twin roll cast magnesium alloyswhich have relatively high aluminum content. High tensile strength magnesium alloys containing 9 to12% aluminum, such as Mg-9%Al-1%Zn, Mg-10%Al-1%Zn, Mg-11%Al-1%Zn, andMg-12%Al-1%Zn have been made by twin roll casting. A new experiment was performed for hotforging of high strength magnesium alloys with high aluminum content was performed. From theresults, using magnesium alloys with high aluminum content yielded less compressive deformationresistance than AXM403. It was also demonstrated that hot forging of magnesium alloys with highaluminum content produces small magnesium crystals (about six micro meters) and crystallizedsubstances. The mean grain size of the microstructure of Mg-12%Al-1%Zn forged at 623K was lessten micrometers although that of the Mg-9%Al-1%Zn was about thirty micrometers. The small betaphase which precipitates in the twin roll cast Mg-12%Al-1%Zn was distributed uniformly comparingto Mg-9%Al-1%Zn. From the result of microscopic observation of the forged products, it has beenrecognised that the Hall-petch rule between mean grain size of forged materials and Vickers hardnesshas been proved. The effects of the dynamic recrystallization on the microstructures of the twin-rollcast products seem to be different in terms of aluminum content. Due to rapid cooling of twin-rollcasting process process, the fabricated magnesium material could be used for hot forging. By applyinga servo press machine, a hot-forging experiment was performed with development of high strengthmagnesium alloys. A novel material that show higher hardness have been fabricated by usingtwin-roll casting process. It has also been clarified that the aluminum content affect precipitation ofbeta phase as well as grain size.
Innovative Coating Technologies to Extend the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Fruits by Edible Film Materials
Authors: Risoluti Roberta , Fabiano Maria Aurora , Gullifa Giuseppina , Buiarelli Francesca , Materazzi Stefano
Published: November 2018

In this work, the application of a novel strategy to extend the shelf life of fresh cut fruits isproposed. In particular, edible film coatings from natural resources were used with the aim ofextending the shelf life of fresh cut apples. Chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose were consideredand a promising formulation was developed. The evaluation of the shelf life extension of fruits wasperformed in a multiparametric way over a period of 10 days. The percentage weight losses werecalculated for treated and untreated fruits in order to evaluate the performances of the coatingmaterialto avoid contact with environment. In the meanwhile, gas chromatography coupled to massspectrometry (GC-MS) was considered to determine the volatile compounds producing acharacteristic flavor of apples. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in the physiologicalloss in weight of treated fruits with respect to controls, while the study of the volatile componentindicated the ability of treated fruits to retain its freshness during storage.
Preparation of Environmental Protection and High Efficiency Lead-Free Solder Paste
Authors: Wang Zhi Wei , Li Xuan , Chen Hong
Published: November 2018

The components of the flux are optimized and the environmental friendly flux withexcellent comprehensive performance is prepared. Then the composition of the solder paste isoptimized to prepare the SMT environmental protection and high efficient lead-free solder paste, andits performance is studied. The results show that the storage stability, printability, weldability andenvironmental protection of the SMT environmental protection and high efficient lead-free solderpaste are good, and the reliability is high. The related technical indexes have reached or superior tothe commercial solder paste, and have reached the commercial level initially.
Effects of Acidity on the Stabilities of Cloudy Apple Juice
Authors: Zhu Dan Shi , Wei Li Wei , Ren Xiao Jun , Cao Xue Hui , Liu He , Li Jian Rong
Published: November 2018

Acidity is an important influence factor for juice stability. In this study, the effects of acidityon stability of cloudy apple juice were investigated. The stability indexes, such as, turbidity, cloudvalue, cloud stability, and particle size distribution (PSD) were measured at pH 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5,along with the untreated juice (pH 3.8) as control group. The results showed that, pH has significanteffects on turbidity, chrome (C*), cloud value, and D50, D90 in PSD of cloudy apple juice. The juicehad a better stabilization at pH 2.5. At this pH condition, the turbidity, cloud value, cloud stability ofjuice was the best. In addition, at pH 2.5, the color of the juice was better, the particles were smaller,and the particle sizes were more uniform. By this study, a theoretical reference could be provided forimproving stability of cloudy apple juice and extending juice shelf life.
Wear Resistance Improvement of Cold Work Tool Steel by Fine Shot Peening
Authors: Premanond Varunee , Hato Ratchanee , Sripraserd Jiraporn
Published: November 2018

Surface modification using fine shot peen (FSP) comparing to and combining to hard film coating TiAlN-PVD on commonly used hardened cold work tool steel are studied in this research for their resistance to adhesive wear. Ball on disk tests were carried out to investigate the performances of those surface modification methods. In comparison to hard thin film coating, PVD-TiAlN coated tool was superior to FSP modified tool for its wear resistance. However, combining FSP and nitriding on TiAlN coated tool had higher wear resistance than that of TiAlN coating alone. Moreover various types of texture obtained from different FSP conditions were also investigated. The average roughness parameter (Ra) which is commonly used is not a good representative to determine the surface required for wear resistance enhancement for FSP. As Ra relates to the magnitude of the roughness profile only. The spacing parameters seem to be more effective. The larger the surface spacing after FSP, the higher is the wear resistance.
Investigation on the Anticorrosion Property of the MnCaP Coating on a Mg-Zn-Ca Alloy
Authors: Chang Shiuan Ho , Xu Z.Y. , Niu Li Yuan , Huang Wei , Zhao Zhao Xiong , Nie Dong
Published: November 2018

In order to improve the anticorrosion ability of a Mg-5Zn-1.5Ca alloy used as a bone replacement material, this study prepared the MnCaP conversion coating, which was formed from a phosphating solution mixed with a MnCl2solution of 0.05 molarity, on a magnesium (Mg) alloy. After forming a MnCaP conversion coating on a Mg alloy, micro-arc oxidation (MAO) proceeded for improving the anticorrosion ability of the sample. As a result, when the 0.05MnCaP coating on a Mg alloy was immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF), the corrosion current, pH value change, and hydrogen evolution volume of the SBF solution are lower than a uncoated Mg alloy. From the SEM and EDS analyses for a corroded 0.05MnCaP coating on a Mg alloy, the manganese (Mn) phosphate in a lumpy-rock form and the calcium (Ca) phosphate in a flake form alternate to each other densely, so that the coating can effectively prevent a Mg alloy from corrosion.
Decolonize or else – negotiating decolonization through popular theatre
Authors: Udengwu Ngozi
Published: November 2018

This study explored the role of audience in African performance to discover the relationship between the popular theatre artist and his audience and how that relationship can be exploited in the process of decolonizing and re-Africanizing the theatre, to arrive at dramatic performances that are closer home to African cultural needs. The study took the continued call for decolonization as a point of departure to determine the difficulty a literary artist faces in realizing this goal, as well as to call attention to the potential of participative audience in realizing that goal. The power of the audience to influence and impact the performance is often taken for granted and glossed over in theatre discourses, but it is given a focus in this work because of the perceived vital role audience can play in decolonizing African theatre. Two performances – Ejilarin by Ayokola Arishekola and The Trumpet Parable by Chimalum Nwankwo – are used in this study to critically evaluate the status of the theatre audience. While the two plays studied here provide a glimpse into both popular audience and elite drama audience, the focus is on the former. Data for this study were based largely on participation and oral interview.Keywords: Active Audience; participation; Performer/Audience relationship; decolonization; popular theatre
Aspects of simple connectives in Ikwere
Authors: Joshua Samuel F. , Alerechi Roseline I.C.
Published: November 2018

This work on aspects of simple connectives in Ikwere, an Igboid language spoken in Rivers State was undertaken because the subject matter of connectives in Ikwere has received very little attention. This study was thus carried out to investigate the structure of simple connectives in Ikwere, ascertain the syntactic relevance of connectives in Ikwere and determine the semantic import of these connectives. The work is based on the Ò̟muanwa dialect of Ikwere Data for the work were obtained through unstructured elicitation interviews with competent language consultants of Ikwere and through participant observation. Data gathered were analyzed using the descriptive method of interlinear morpheme-to-morpheme glossing. Simple connectives in Ikwere were divided into Simple coordinators and Simple Subordinators. Simple coordinators in Ikwere were semantically split into additive, adversative and alternative while simple subordinators were functionally divided into subordinators in noun, relative and adverbial clauses. Our findings revealed that some simple connectives (simple adversatives) in Ikwere are optional as contrastive clauses are better linked without such connectives while some others are homophonous.Keywords: conjunctions, connectives, coordinators, subordinators