bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using a syringe as tubular retractor and working channel in minimally invasive cranial and spinal neurosurgery
Authors: Feigl Guenther C , Staribacher Daniel , Ruggieri Iván N Camal , Britz Gavin , Kuzmin Dzmitry
Published: December 2024

Background:
Minimally invasive spinal and cranial neurosurgery often requires tissue retraction. However, excessive tissue retraction is contrary to the principles of minimally invasive neurosurgery. Therefore, any retractor used should be small and atraumatic. Circular plastic retractors made from syringes of various sizes meet these requirements.
Observation(s):
We report a case series of patients with various cranial and spinal pathologies who underwent surgeries using “self-made” retractors made from plastic syringes of various sizes (2 mL, 5 mL, and 10 mL). All surgeries were performed via minimally invasive approaches. In all cases, the goals of surgical treatment were achieved with no neurological deficits.
Lessons:
The use of “self-made” plastic retractors can be helpful in spinal and cranial minimally invasive neurosurgery. Making retractors from plastic syringes and using them is not labor-intensive. This method can extend the possibilities of the neurosurgeon, especially in the field of minimally invasive neurosurgery.
Time-restricted eating to address persistent cancer-related fatigue among cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kleckner Amber S. , Clingan Carin L. , Youngblood Shari M. , Kleckner Ian R. , Quick Lauren , Elrod Rebecca D. , Zhu Shijun , Manoogian Emily N. C. , Panda Satchidananda , Badros Ashraf Z. , Emadi Ashkan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Time-restricted eating (TRE) helps regulate rest-activity rhythms, blood glucose, and other diurnally regulated energetics processes, which may have implications for persistent fatigue. In a randomized controlled trial, we tested the effects of TRE vs. control on fatigue in cancer survivorship.
Methods: Adult cancer survivors were recruited who were 2 months to 2 years post-treatment and reported moderate to severe fatigue. Participants were randomized 1:1, TRE:control and all received individualized nutrition counseling. The TRE group self-selected a 10-hour eating window for 12 weeks. At baseline, week 6, and week 12, participants were asked to log eating instances, complete the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue questionnaire (FACIT-F, higher score=less fatigue), and wear an actigraph and continuous glucose monitor.
Results: Thirty participants completed baseline assessments and were randomized (77% female, 53% Black/African American, 43% White, 7% Hispanic; 54.1±14.7 years old; 87% with blood cancer); 25 completed 12-week assessments. TRE led to a meaningful reduction in fatigue at week 12 controlling for baseline levels (change in FACIT-F fatigue subscale=0.0±5.4 for control, 4.1±5.7 for TRE, p=0.11, effect size [ES]=0.70; clinically meaningful threshold=3.0 points). Glucose parameters (e.g., average interstitial glucose, average fasting glucose) tended to be lower and rest-activity rhythms tended to indicate more regularity for those in the TRE vs. control group at weeks 6 and 12, though differences were not statistically significant (p>0.19).
Conclusions: A 12-week, nutritionist-led TRE program led to less fatigue than control. Continued study of TRE patterns are warranted to optimize this eating pattern and address persistent cancer-related fatigue.
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05256888, registered 02/2022
Metabolic State Determines Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Liraglutide-Enhanced Insulin Secretion
Authors: Bonner Caroline , Saponaro Chiara , Imbernon Monica , Louvet Isaline , Deligia Eleonora , Chen Shiqian , Davies Iona , Acosta-Montalvo Ana , Moreno-Lopez Maria , Wemelle Eve , Kothagali Laskshmi , Porteiro Begoña , Auger Florent , Zubiaga Lorea , Delalleau Nathalie , Thevenet Julien , Mühlemann Markus , Pasquetti Gianni , Gmyr Valery , Pfrieger Frank W. , Nogueiras Ruben , Schwaninger Markus , Rorsman Patrik , Staels Bart , Kerr-Conte Julie , Knauf Claude , Jones Ben , Pattou François , Prevot Vincent
Published: December 2024

While liraglutide effectively treats type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, its mechanism of action across disease progression remains poorly understood. Liraglutide selectively enhances GSIS in islets from glucose-intolerant donors and in islets exposed to prediabetic conditions, but not in normoglycemic or T2D islets. In healthy mice, liraglutide's insulinotropic effect requires tanycyte-mediated central transport, whereas in glucose intolerance it acts directly on islets. Additionally, liraglutide reduces blood glucose in normoglycemic mice through insulin-independent mechanisms involving decreased gluconeogenesis and enhanced peripheral glucose uptake. These findings demonstrate that the therapeutic window for liraglutide's pancreatic effects may be optimal during prediabetes, while its central and insulin-independent actions predominate in other metabolic states.
Nuclear spin hyperpolarization of pyruvate enables longitudinal monitoring of treatment response in intestinal tumor organoids
Authors: Peters Josh , Xiang Hang , Assaf Charbel , Mohamad Farhad Haj , Rosenstiel Philip , Schreiber Stefan , Hövener Jan-Bernd , Aden Konrad , Pravdivtsev Andrey
Published: December 2024

Colorectal cancer, a leading cause of death in the Western world, is increasingly affecting younger populations. The Warburg effect, characterized by enhanced lactate production, is a hallmark of this cancer type. While 18F-FDG PET-CT is commonly used for diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers higher spatial and chemical resolution without the drawbacks of radiation. However, MRI's low sensitivity has been a barrier to real-time metabolic imaging, hence implementation into clinical practice. Hyperpolarization has significantly boosted NMR sensitivity, enabling detailed metabolic studies in vivo. This study utilizes hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate with dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) to non-invasively monitor metabolic changes in intestinal organoids from a genetically defined mouse model of spontaneous carcinogenesis (Rnaseh2b/Xbp1ΔIEC) with a previously established targeted therapeutic intervention (mTOR inhibition by rapamycin). Hyperpolarized NMR revealed a significant reduction in lactate production in rapamycin-treated organoids, indicating suppressed metabolic activity. This method also detected alanine and bicarbonate metabolism, highlighting its sensitivity. Unlike traditional methods that destroy cellular integrity, hyperpolarization enables repetitive, non-invasive metabolic assessments, bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical applications and affirming the method's potential for targeted metabolic imaging as a novel diagnostic and treatment control approach in cancer medicine.
Early Expressed Milk Volume and Coming to Volume for Mother’s Own Milk Feeding in Hospitalized Infants
Authors: Gray Keyaria , Chen Nellie , Tanaka David , Athavale Kamlesh , Li Lusia , Cotten Michael
Published: December 2024

Objective
Assess if cumulative pumping volumes during the first 5 postnatal days (CVx5) influence coming to volume (CTV: producing > 500 milliliters breast milk per day by postnatal day 14) for mothers of hospitalized infants, with a secondary aim to develop and compare a new predictive model using CVx5 with our previous model.
Study Design:
A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted at Duke University Hospital for singleton mother-baby dyads of neonatal intensive care infants between January 2020 and December 2023.
Results
Of 887 mother-baby dyads, 325 (37%) achieved CTV and were more likely to have higher CVx5 (1 058 ± 25 ml vs. 231 ± 19 ml; p < 0.0001). In generalized regression models for CTV that included birth weight, 5x5, AMx5, and CVx5, only CVx5 and 5x5 remained significant (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
CTV is significantly associated with CVx5, and with 5x5, creates a stronger model than that of 5x5 and birth weight.
WITHDRAWN: Development and Validation of a Pathomics Model for Accurate Grading of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Short title: Pathomics Model for Grading of PNETs
Authors: ying li , Chen Chengwei , Zhang Yunshuo , Yu Jieyu , Fang Xu , Liu Fang , Wang Tiegong , Li Jing , Wang Li , Lu Jianping , Jiang Hui , Shao Chengwei , Bian Yun
Published: December 2024

Background
Accurate detection of the histological grade of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) is important for patients’ prognoses and treatment. Traditional grading methods based on mitotic count and Ki-67 index are subjective and time-consuming. Our aim is to develop and validate a pathomics model for precise grading of PNETs, utilizing digital histopathological features derived from H&E-stained sections.
Methods
This retrospective study comprehensively reviewed the clinical data of 272 PNET patients who underwent surgical resection. Pathomics features were extracted from H&E whole slide images (WSIs) using Lasso regression to create a pathomics score. Two multivariate logistic regression models—a clinical model and a pathomics model—were developed to predict G grades, constructing a nomogram. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves. Kaplan-Meier analysis compared survival curves, with statistical significance assessed using the log-rank test.
Findings
A total of 272 patients were enrolled: 160 with G1 (mean age 54 ± 11, 90 men) and 112 with G2/G3 (mean age 52 ± 12, 55 men). The dataset was divided into training (149 patients), validation (65 patients), and test sets (58 patients). Among 427 pathomics features, six optimal features were selected to calculate the pathomics score. This score was significantly associated with PNET grade and could differentiate between high- and low-risk groups. In the validation and test sets, the pathomics model, which combined the pathomics score with clinical features, achieved AUCs of 0.85 and 0.93, respectively. It outperformed the clinical model, which had AUCs of 0.83 and 0.77 in the validation and test sets, respectively. Notably, patients predicted to have high-grade PNETs by the pathomics model exhibited a significantly shorter progression-free survival compared to those with low-grade tumors, and the pathomics model-predicted G2/3 was an independent predictor for worse progression-free survival (HR, 17.59; 95% CI: 1.99-155.83; P = 0.01).
Interpretation
Our study presents a highly accurate pathomics model for predicting PNETgrades using H&E-stained sections, enhancing data processing efficiency and providing a quantitative assessment of histological features. This model holds promise for guiding individualized treatment and risk stratification in PNET management.
Funding
This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation for Scientists of China (81871352, 82171915, 82171930, 82271972, 62402501 and 82371955), The Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan (21ZR1478500 and 21Y11910300), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (2023M734270) and Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (SHDC2022CRD028).
Syndecan-4 promotes gastric cancer progression through activating TGF-β1 induced lipid reprogramming and contributes positive loop circuits
Authors: Liu Guangjie , Jia Ru , Deng Heng , Wang Xiaoshan
Published: December 2024

Background
Syndecan-4 (SDC4) plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. Lipid reprogramming is utilized by tumor cells to maintain rapid proliferation, migration, and invasion. Therefore, it is important to investigate novel therapeutic targets and mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC).
Methods
Clinicopathological data and corresponding immunohistochemistry data were collected to explore the role of SDC4 in patients with GC. Cell progression and lipid reprogramming were assessed using functional experiments, and the molecular mechanisms involved were determined using western blotting. Moreover, cholesterol-induced lipotoxic environments in vivo and in vitro were constructed to explore the underlying positive loop circuit.
Results
SDC4 expression was upregulated in GC tissues compared to that in normal tissues and was associated with tumor differentiation. GC patients with high SDC4 expression were positively correlated with high circulating tumor cell (CTC) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Moreover, SDC4 significantly promotes cell progression by activating transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1/TGFB1)-induced lipid synthesis and contributes to a positive loop circuit in GC cells. However, the core of this circuit is dependent on Smad3. In addition, a cholesterol-induced lipotoxic environment further upregulated SDC4 expression by activating the RAS signaling pathway in GC.
Conclusions
These findings highlight SDC4 as a therapeutic target for GC and identify actionable positive loop circuits.
The association between low skeletal muscle mass and immunoinflammatory markers in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Guo Xinyuan , Pan Binjing , Han Mei , Ma Dengrong , Zan Xiaohui , Liu Jingfang
Published: December 2024

Purpose
To investigate the relationships between low skeletal muscle mass and immunoinflammatory markers in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
From April 2022 to May 2023, 978 middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University were divided into a low skeletal muscle mass group and a normal group according to the muscle mass index, compared the differences between the groups. The above immunoinflammatory markers were grouped according to the quartile levels, and the prevalences of muscle mass loss were compared among the groups; the relationship between the immunoinflammatory index and low skeletal muscle mass in T2DM patients was analysed.
Results
Compared with the normal group, the levels of all immunoinflammatory indices of low skeletal muscle mass group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05); the prevalences of skeletal muscle mass loss were progressively raised with increasing quartile levels of each immunoinflammatory marker. The levels of immunoinflammatory markers were independently and positively correlated with the risk of low skeletal muscle mass (NAR: OR = 2.148, 95% CI 1.225–3.766, P = 0.008; NLR: OR = 1.210, 95% CI 1.036–1.411, P = 0.016; MLR: OR = 1.282, 95% CI 1.068–1.540, P = 0.008; SII: OR = 1.001, 95% CI 1.000 -1.002, P = 0.009; SIRI: OR = 1.828, 95% CI 1.271–2.628, P = 0.001; SIRI: OR = 1.003, 95% CI 1.001–1.004, P = 0.010) .
Conclusions
The occurrence of low skeletal muscle mass may be closely related to immune inflammation in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients. Monitoring immune inflammation markers is of clinical value for early screening and intervention of muscle mass loss in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients.
Epigenetic Alterations and Microbiota Changes in the Saliva of Individuals With Binge-Eating Spectrum Disorders Compared With Normal Weight Healthy Controls
Authors: Mercante Francesca , Abbaspour Afrouz , Pucci Mariangela , Sabatucci Annalaura , Rania Marianna , Konstantinidou Fani , Gatta Valentina , Stuppia Liborio , Cifani Carlo , Bulik Cynthia M. , Garcia Cristina-Segura , D’Addario Claudio
Published: December 2024

Background
Binge-eating spectrum disorders, including bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED), have psychological, behavioral, and physical effects, which present significant challenges for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Identifying biomarkers is thus of relevance to improve diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Methods
Saliva collected from female individuals with BED (n = 20), BN (n = 17), and normal weight healthy controls (NW-HC) (n = 20) was analyzed to assess salivary microbiome, exosomal miRNA expression, and DNA methylation of dopaminergic system gene components.
Results
Microbial diversity was significantly reduced in BED and BN groups compared to NW-HC. Differential abundance analysis revealed that Bacilli (class-level) were enriched in BN and BED, while Lachnospirales (order-level) were significantly depleted in BN compared to NW-HC. In total, 79 miRNAs resulted differentially expressed in patients compared with controls. Alteration in four of these miRNAs (let-7b-5p, mir-15b-5p, mir-429, and mir-221-3p) identified via network analysis as potentially relevant to psychiatric disorders, were confirmed to be significantly upregulated in both BED and BN compared with controls. Significant hypomethylation at specific CpG sites of the DAT1 gene was also observed in BED and BN groups relative to controls. Correlation analysis highlighted significant associations between specific microbiota genera, miRNA expression, and DNA methylation of DAT1 in both the BED and BN groups.
Conclusions
Our findings provide new evidence on the role of epigenetic modifications linked to alterations in salivary microbial composition and diversity in BED and BN, opening new avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions in eating disorders targeting miRNAs and microbiota.
Effectiveness of the combination of netupitant and palonosetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting during anthracycline-containing chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Grechukhina K. S. , Kolyago E. M. , Kalugin M. V. , Zhukova L. G.
Published: December 2024

The incidence of early-stage breast cancer among young patients has shown a significant increase over the past twenty years, with a substantial portion of these patients requiring chemotherapy. Most treatment regimens used in both neo-adjuvant and adjuvant settings are characterized as moderately or highly emetogenic. Young patients typically lead socially active lives, balancing work and childcare, and strive to remain indistinguishable from healthy women. However, one of the most pronounced adverse effects of chemotherapy is nausea and vomiting, which significantly impair quality of life. One modern method for the prevention of nausea and vomiting involves the use of a combined NK1-receptor and 5-HT3-receptor antagonist, comprising the drugs netupitant and palonosetron (NEPA). This medication is administered as a single dose on the first day in conjunction with dexamethasone, without the need for additional medication on subsequent days. This review discusses the mechanisms of action of NEPA and pres ents studies focused on the effectiveness of the combination of netupitant and palonosetron in patients undergoing moderately and highly emetogenic therapy. According to literature the efficacy of NEPA in combination with dexamethasone reached 70.5% for complete response in the first cycle of treatment. A retrospective analysis involving 2,173 patients confirmed the high efficacy of NEPA, particularly in patients under 60 years of age. Data from real clinical practice further support the results of studies on the effectiveness of NEPA, demonstrating a complete control rate of nausea and vomiting ranging from 74 to 90%.
Efficacy and safety of lorlatinib as first-line treatment for advanced ALK-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: A clinical case study
Authors: Kornietskaya А. L. , Evdokimova S. F. , Bolotina L. V. , Rodionov E. O. , Fedenko A. A.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, approaches to the pharmacological treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have significantly evolved due to a deeper understanding of tumor biology and, consequently, the active development of personalized medicine and the introduction of targeted therapies. The identification of activating mutations, including ALK gene rearrangements, enables long-term objective control, which is particularly crucial in young patients with extensive metastatic disease and brain metastases (BM). The high rate of central nervous system (CNS) metastases characteristic of ALK-positive NSCLC underscores the importance of selecting therapeutic agents with high intracranial activity. Lorlatinib, a third-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier and effectively suppressing resistance mutations that may develop during treatment with crizotinib or second-generation TKIs. Initially, lorlatinib was used in the second-line and subsequent lines of therapy; however, updated results from the CROWN study have demonstrated its unprecedented efficacy as a first-line treatment, including in patients with BM. Currently, lorlatinib is approved in the Russian Federation for the treatment of ALK-positive advanced NSCLC in both previously treated patients and as a first-line therapy. This paper presents a clinical case of a 49-yearold patient with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC and brain metastases. Following the diagnostic phase, which included videoassisted thoracoscopy and morphological verification, the patient underwent a course of chemotherapy with cisplatin and pemetrexed. Subsequently, based on the results of molecular genetic testing, lorlatinib was initiated at a dose of 100 mg/day. Within a month, a significant regression of CNS metastases was observed. Therapy was accompanied by minimal side effects, including hypercholesterolemia and elevated liver enzymes, which were successfully managed with lipid-lowering agents and physical activity. During targeted therapy, the patient has maintained stable disease for 26 months, showing a strong clinical response without the need for dose reduction. This case report highlights the efficacy and tolerability of lorlatinib in the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC with BM and underscores its potential in clinical practice.
Efficiency of detoxifying enteral nutrition therapy in oncological palliative patients
Authors: Pilat T. L. , Shaymardanov I. V. , Novikov G. A. , Hidiyatov I. R. , Shaikhutdinov N. G. , Gazizov R. A. , Battalov I. M.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Palliative care is an approach aimed at improving the quality of life of patients and their families. Palliative patients, including oncological ones, have pronounced manifestations of intoxication, body weight deficiency, loss of muscle mass, which leads to weakness, asthenization, decreased motor activity, and the inability to maintain a habitual lifestyle.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the impact of nutritional support for palliative patients by including in the diet a specialized product of dietary therapeutic and dietary preventive nutrition Protein detoxification cocktail of domestic production.

Materials and methods. The study involved 60 palliative patients of both sexes, the data from questionnaires on the organoleptic properties and parameters of the functional activity of patients, as well as clinical and biochemical studies of blood, liver functions after a 30-day intake of a detoxifying food product were examined.

Results. The studies showed good tolerability, safety and excellent organoleptic properties of the therapeutic Protein Detoxifying Cocktail. Patients noted an improvement in their general condition, a decrease in weakness, an increase in physical activity, mobility and the ability to move, the ability to take care of themselves, engage in normal activities, an improvement in appetite and a decrease in bowel disorders, a decrease in pain and discomfort, anxiety and depression, and an improvement in sleep. Analysis of laboratory data showed that in the main group of palliative patients, there was an increase in the level of hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein and albumin, as well as a decrease in such indicators as: CRP, creatinine, urea, bilirubin.

Conclusions. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of detoxifying therapeutic enteral nutrition in oncological palliative patients. Detoxifying therapeutic enteral nutrition not only improves metabolism and protein-energy status of patients, but also improves the quality of life and overall survival due to detoxifying, antioxidant, restorative, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and general tonic effects.
Non-small cell lung cancer with MET mutation: a clinical case of treatment with MET inhibitor capmatinib
Authors: Menshikov K. V. , Sultanbaev A. V. , Musin Sh. I. , Chalov V. S. , Menshikova I. A. , Nasretdinov A. F. , Sultanbaeva N. I. , Galimov Sh. N.
Published: December 2024

The MET gene encodes cell surface receptors that have tyrosine kinase activity and mediates embryonic development, organogenesis, and wound healing. Overexpression of MET is observed in some human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer. Capmatinib is a selective type Ib inhibitor of MET. A total of 151 patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutations were enrolled in the GEOMETRY-mono 1 study. ORR achieved was 51% in patients receiving second-line chemotherapy, the median PFS was 6.9 months. We present a clinical case of NSCLC treatment in a pretreated patient aged 50 years with MET exon 14 skipping mutations. The MET mutation was detected by next-generation sequencing. Initially, the patient presented with metastatic disease, underwent surgical treatment due to lung cancer complications. She received a platinum-containing chemotherapy regimen as the first-line therapy, and in case of progression, targeted therapy was considered. Currently, progression-free survival is 9 months. This clinical observation shows the efficacy of targeted capmatinib therapy in a pretreated patient with advanced NSCLC and MET exon 14 skipping mutations. Testing of patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer for rare mutations such as MET, RET is clearly needed.
SUPPRESSED VOICES OF VICTORIAN POETRY: REPRESENTATION OF THE WORKING CLASS IN JANET HAMILTON’S POETRY
Authors: Bulut Sarıkaya Dilek
Published: December 2024

In contrast to the popularity of working-class issues among mainstream Victorian writers, the voices of working-class writers who deal with the problems of their own social groups are not sufficiently heard and noticed in the 19th century Victorian literature. Remarkably, Janet Hamilton (1795-1873) is one of these un-canonized working-class writers who tackle the problems of factory workers and use writing as a political instrument of creating solidarity among the workers by provoking them to resist oppression and exploitation. This study takes Janet Hamilton’s “Poems, Essays, and Sketches” (1870) as its object of scrutiny to unravel her unwavering commitment to improving social and economic conditions of the working classes. The study will throw an additional light on Hamilton’s worthwhile struggle to become the spokesperson for the suppressed and silenced voices of working classes who were marginalized and alienated.
Büyük Taarruz Sürecinde TBMM Müzakerelerinde Bazı Muhalif Fikirler (26 Ağustos-9 Eylül 1922)
Authors: Kara Bülent
Published: December 2024

I. Dünya Savaşı’nın mağlupları arasında yer alan Osmanlı Devleti’nin Batı Anadolu’daki toprakları, Yunan idealini eylem aşamasına taşımıştır. Batı Anadolu topraklarını Büyük Yunanistan hayalinin bir parçası olarak gören Yunan otoriteleri ve ordusu Türklerin Kuvâ-yı Milliye ismiyle özdeşleşen ulusal direnciyle karşılaşmıştır. Megali İdea’nın Türklerin özgür yaşama ve Anadolu coğrafyasında var olma mücadelesiyle çatıştığı bu dönemde Birinci ve İkinci İnönü, Kütahya-Eskişehir Muharebeleri ve Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi gibi askeri safhalardan geçilmiştir. Sakarya Meydan Muharebesinde Yunan ordusunun taarruz gücü kırılmış olmasına rağmen donanım ve cephane azlığı, kış mevsiminin yaklaşması gibi nedenlerle Türk ordusu işgalci kuvvete nihai darbeyi vuramamıştır.
Türk ordusunun taarruz harekâtı uzadıkça TBMM’de Mustafa Kemal Paşa’ya karşı zaten var olan muhalif fikirler artmış ve her fırsatta bunu belirten ateşli konuşmalar yapılmıştır. Meclisteki muhalefete rağmen Başkomutan ve TBMM Hükümeti büyük bir titizlik ve gizlilik içinde Türk ordusunu nihai savaşa hazırlamaya devam etmiştir. TBMM’de bulunan bazı milletvekillerinin savaşın başladığı ve işgal altındaki şehirlerin ve halkın özgürlüğe kavuşturulduğu dönemde de muhalifliğini sürdürdüğünü göstermek bu çalışmanın konusunu teşkil etmiştir. Büyük Taarruzun başlaması ve İzmir’in kurtarılışına kadar geçen sürede Mecliste ele alınan bazı konular içerisinde bazen açıkça ve bazen satır aralarında söylenenler Milli Mücadele’nin hangi şartlar altında verildiğini gösterme bakımından oldukça anlamlıdır. Muhalif düşüncelerin sarf ediliş şekli çoğu zaman Meclise ait olan yetkilere milletvekillerinin sahip çıkma isteği şeklinde göründüğü halde, çok yaygın bazı insani olumsuz duygulardan milletvekillerinin azade olamadıkları çıkarımını da yaptırabilmektedir.
Çalışmada, TBMM oturumları ve hatıratlar kapsamında değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
Criminal offenses against the environment: proportionality in the context of the approximation of acts of the European Union
Authors: Timofeeva Liliia Yuriivna
Published: December 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of proportionality and subsidiarity in the context of the approximation of the acts of the acquis communautaire of the European Union (EU) in terms of criminal offenses against the environment.
It has been established that Directive (EU) 2024/1203 of the European Parliament and the Council on the protection of the environment by means of criminal law of April 11, 2024 changed the approaches to responsibility for criminal offenses against the environment. It was found that the main innovation is the need to criminalize some actions against the environment, which are committed not only intentionally, but also due to carelessness. In Art. 3 of the Directive provides a list of acts that can be committed in the form of gross negligence.
It was established that Directive (EU) 2024/1203 supports a broad approach to the concept of the victim not only as a natural or legal person, but also society as a whole and the environment. It is argued that the means of responding to criminal offenses should be proportionate, taking into account the interests of all subjects of criminal legal relations, that is, the victim, the person who committed the criminal offense, society as a whole, the state, as well as the environment (taking into account the specifics of these criminal offenses). It is substantiated that the development of a mechanism for the representation of the environment by interested public organizations in criminal proceedings could be an effective means of environmental protection.
Defects of proposals to supplement the Criminal Code with articles on responsibility for storing wood, disproportionality of the means of influence on persons who commit relevant acts, risks of abuse by law enforcement agencies, corruption component, and the possibility of prosecuting people who are engaged in harvesting wood for heating their own houses, and not wood sales operators (as provided for in the relevant EU Regulation).
It is substantiated that for the approximation of European legislation, a systematic understanding of European law and the context of the adoption of relevant norms and compliance with the principles of legal certainty, predictability, proportionality, presumption of innocence, subsidiarity, etc. is important.
Provision of proper nutrition for prisoners of war
Authors: Tkachenko Oleksandr Hryhorovych , Olefir Liudmyla Ivanivna , Razumeiko Nataliia Serhiivna
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on analyzing the issue of ensuring adequate nutrition for prisoners of war amid the armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine. Compliance with international humanitarian standards, particularly the 1949 Geneva Convention on the Treatment of Prisoners of War, is a critical aspect of humane treatment for individuals held in captivity. Providing prisoners of war with sufficient, high-quality, and diverse nutrition aims to support their health and prevent diseases associated with nutrient deficiencies. The article examines the regulatory and legal aspects of organizing nutrition for prisoners of war in Ukraine according to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 413, which establishes clear rules for the detention of prisoners of war, including their diet.
Special attention is given to analyzing nutrition standards for different categories of prisoners of war based on their physical condition and workload, including those engaged in heavy labor and those undergoing medical treatment. The article also addresses standards for providing prisoners with drinking water and the organization of three hot meals per day. It explores the specifics of supplying special dietary meals to prisoners with medical needs. Additionally, the article analyzes practical aspects of involving prisoners of war in meal preparation as a means of supporting social connections and adapting to detention conditions.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the existing nutrition system for prisoners of war in Ukraine and its compliance with international humanitarian law standards. The authors emphasize the need to improve the regulatory framework and infrastructural conditions to ensure humane treatment of prisoners of war in accordance with the requirements of the Geneva Convention and recommendations of international organizations.
Designing e-Book of Basic Physics Fluid Series with Assistant of Virtual Laboratory to Improve Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Habibbulloh Muhammad , Satriawan Muhammad , Zakaria Azar , Sya'roni Imam
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop the e-book Basic Physics Fluid Series design assisted by virtual laboratory Tracker Video Analysis (TVA) that effectively improves students' critical thinking skills. The method used in this study is Research and Development. The graphic design developed, including illustrations and visual elements, was identified as necessary for improving critical thinking skills. At the same time, practice questions with varying difficulty levels allowed students to apply knowledge. The validation process, including the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) test, underlined high agreement and validity, with suggestions for improvement, including contextual design, material optimization, interactive elements, accessibility considerations, student feedback collection, and curriculum alignment. The test results showed that learning with this e-book effectively improved students' critical thinking skills. The results obtained in the indicator provided a simple explanation, concluding that it shows a high N-gain value. In contrast, several other indicators show moderate values. This e-book design can be a role model for developing similar media, especially related efforts to improve students' Critical Thinking Skills (CTS).
Sanatsal ve Uygulamalı Araştırma Yöntemlerinin Seramik Sanatı Odağında Akademik Bir Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Altay Şule , Özgündoğdu Adile Feyza
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma sanatsal ve uygulamalı araştırma yöntemlerine ve akademik perspektiften seramik sanatına olası katkılarına odaklanmaktadır. Bu amaçla; çalışmada 1990'dan sonra şekillenmeye başlayan sanat temelli araştırma (art-based research), uygulama temelli araştırma (practice-based research), uygulama odaklı araştırma (practice-led research), sanatsal araştırma (artistic research), a/r/tografi (a/r/tography) gibi araştırma alanlarındaki yabancı literatür sunulmaktadır. Ayrıca, tarihte bunlara kaynaklık eden araştırma yöntemlerinin nasıl şekillendiği, yüksek öğretimde sanat alanındaki akademik anlayışın gelişimi kaynaklar aracılığı ile sunulmuştur. Araştırma, sonrasında seramik alanında lisansüstü öğrenime ve seramik malzemesine odaklanarak, odağını sonuç eserden çok sürece alan bu araştırma yöntemlerinin, seramik alanı için neden özel bir potansiyeli olduğunu tartışırken; bazı öneri ve çıkarımlarda bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırma alanlarının oluşturabileceği olası kaygılara dair de cevaplar vermek gayretinde olan bu çalışma ile; tarihsel, teorik ve pratiğe ait tüm yönleri ile bir çerçeve oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma; araştırmacıya esnek ve özgün bir alan yaratan, bilimsel kabulün sınırlarını genişleten bu yöntemlerin seramik disiplini tarafından daha fazla sahiplenilmesini önermektedir.
Postmodern Tüketim Aracı Olarak Moda Olgusu ve Tasarımı
Authors: Çetiner Muazzez
Published: December 2024

Postmodern toplum teorisi her alanda olduğu gibi modada da özgürlükçü bir yaklaşım sergileyerek güzellik, beden ve tasarım prensiplerine eleştirel yaklaşmaktadır. İçinde bulunduğumuz postmodern çağda moda, sözde özgürlük ve tüketim kutsaması ile diğer tüm dönemlerden baskın olarak bireyi yönetme gücüne sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın temel araştırma soruları şöyledir: İçinde bulunduğumuz modernizm sonrası dönem moda olgusunu ve moda tasarımını nasıl etkilemektedir? Moda bireyi yönlendirirken hangi araçları kullanmaktadır? Bu dönemde moda tasarımcıları tasarım pratiklerini nasıl geliştirmektedir? Bu sorular kapsamında araştırmanın amacı postmodernizm ve modanın birlikteliğinden ortaya çıkan kavramları, bu birlikteliğin moda tasarımına ve moda tasarımcılarına etkisini geniş ve bütüncül bir bakış açısı ile irdelemek ve tartışmaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada postmodernizmin moda üzerinden bireyi inşa ettiği tüketim araçları, kimlik ve beden kavramları literatür araştırması ile incelenmiştir. Bu kavramların moda tasarımı pratiğinde ünlü tasarımcılar tarafından nasıl kullanıldığı örneklerle sunulmuştur. Çalışma modanın yaşadığı dönüşümü geniş bir perspektiften ele alarak, ortaya çıkan kavramları bütüncül olarak sunması yönüyle özgündür.
Biological value of berry polyphenols and prospects for supercritical extraction application for their isolation: A review
Authors: Guseva Elena , Khromova Natalya , Karetkin Boris , Artemiev Artem , Demkin Kirill , Puzankova Julia , Shakir Irina , Panfilov Victor
Published: December 2024

Plant polyphenols are known for their numerous health-promoting properties. This article reviews the current state of research in two related fields, namely beneficial effects of flavonoids for human health, e.g., gut microbiome, and supercritical fluid extraction applied to flavonoids of plant origin. The review covered research articles registered in eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed, and Science Direct in 2005–2025. Polyphenolic compounds obtained from various berries were reported to have a positive impact on gut microbiota, e.g., they stimulated the growth of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and other beneficial microorganisms, as well as improved the adhesion of probiotic and pathogenic microbes to intestinal epithelial cells.
The review revealed some promising application areas for berry extracts in the functional food industry. Polyphenols can be part of meat formulations due to their strong antioxidant activity. Their antimicrobial effect against a wide range of contaminants renders them good prospects in protecting food products from microbial spoilage. Supercritical extraction is a promising method that isolates biologically active substances from plant materials. The review summarizes its advantages and limitations, as well as the range of prospective co-solvents.
Ultrasonication, pulse electric field, and enzymic pretreatment make supercritical extraction more efficient. In general, this extraction method proved to be an excellent means of isolating flavonoids and related compounds from various plants and their parts.
Metinlerarası İlişkiler Bağlamında Dedelerin İzinde : 17. Yüzyıldan 19. Yüzyıla Dek Birinci Selamları Ağır Düyek Usulünde Bestelenen Mevlevi Ayinlerinin Biçim Analizi
Authors: Karadeniz Şirin
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Mevlevi zikirleri sırasında semaya eşlik etmek üzere saz ve sözün bir arada icra edildiği, Türk müziği formları içinde önemli bir yere sahip olan Mevlevi âyinlerini incelemektedir. Mevlevi âyinlerinde her selam, farklı bir usulle bestelenmiş olup, bu çalışmanın temel odağı, Ağır Düyek usulünde bestelenen âyinlerin Birinci Selamlarının biçimsel analizidir. Bu bağlamda, Birinci Selamı Ağır Düyek usulünde besteleyen ve “Dede” unvanıyla tanınan Nâyi Osman Dede, Ali Nutki Dede, İsmail Dede Efendi, Zekâi Dede, Mehmed Celâleddin Dede ve Hüseyin Fahreddin Dede gibi önemli şahsiyetlerin eserleri detaylı biçimde incelenmiştir. Çalışma, kronolojik bir yöntemle ele alınmış olup, Ağır Düyek usulünde bestelenen âyinlerin tarihsel süreç içerisindeki gelişimini ve bu eserlerdeki metinlerarası unsurların zamanla geçirdiği dönüşümleri aydınlatmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, Mevlevi âyinlerinin müzikal yapısı, bu geleneğin estetik ve manevi boyutlarını anlamak için kilit bir unsur olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Eserlerin analizinde, özellikle melodik yapı, ritmik özellikler ve usul ilişkileri biçimsel açıdan derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Bu yaklaşım, hem müzikoloji hem de kültürel tarih açısından zengin bir perspektif sunmaktadır.
On the Uses of Decolonial History for Life
Authors: Sklokin Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

This essay provides arguments in favor of decolonizing the field of Russian and East European Studies,focusing on the eighteenth-century history of Ukrainian-Russian relations. It envisages two directions fordecolonization: overcoming the traditional narrative of Russian history and rethinking the basic categorieswe use to tell the history of the Russian Empire. It argues that we should reconsider a one-sided view ofempire as an embodiment of the politics of difference and pay more attention to the early modern policies of acculturation and assimilation that took the form of russification in the Russian Empire. It also emphasizes the need to overcome reductionism, typical of traditional national history. The history of the Ukrainian-Russian encounter in the early modern period cannot be presented as a black-and-white narrative of Russian subjugation and repression and Ukrainian resistance. It was a more complex story that also included a dimension of cultural entanglement with strong mutual influences.
Potemkin’s Brilliants: A Note on Russia’s Role in the Early Modern Diamond Trade
Authors: Munro George E.
Published: December 2024

Prince Grigorii Aleksandrovich Potemkin’s love of diamonds is well established. This article discusses several episodes in his life involving those gems, exploring their sources from discovery in the earth (India and Brazil) to their coming into the prince’s possession, and also references two other cases of consequential diamond loving in eighteenth-century Europe. Diamonds could represent much more than simply expensive embellishments
Entire Volume
Authors: Zitser (ed.) Ernest , Collis (ed.) Robertq
Published: December 2024

Entire Volume
EFFECT OF SR CONTENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE OF LA1-XSRXMNO3 FILMS
Authors: Shahsavar Gocmen Mahla , Ekşioğlu Aycan , Büyükaksoy Aligül
Published: December 2024

Strontium doped lanthanum manganite (La1-xSrxMnO3 -LSM) is the conventionally used oxygen reduction electrocatalyst in solid oxide fuel cell cathodes. In recent years, Sr-segregation at the LSM surface has been shown to occur and limit oxygen reduction performance. Therefore, the effect of Sr-doping on the microstructure development and performance of liquid precursor-derived LSM film electrodes with different Sr-contents was investigated in this study. It was found that as Sr content increased, LSM structure became amorphous, which is beneficial for the electrochemical performance. Despite this fact, the undoped LaMnO3 film performed better in comparison to heavily Sr-doped LSM, likely because of Sr-segregation at the Sr-doped electrode surface. These results suggested that trying to avoid Sr doping in LaMnO3 electrodes may be a good strategy if its microstructural instability could be addressed, to achieve high performance solid oxide fuel cell cathodes.
A PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS FOR MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS: EVALUATION OF POLICIES FOR MANAGING DISTRACTED INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Göçgün Yasin
Published: December 2024

Mental health problems are among the problems that negatively affect people's daily lives. Depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety disorder can be given as examples of these problems. The mind of a person exposed to such problems cannot efficiently perform basic functions such as interpreting, synthesizing and understanding what is read. Such problems are addressed with scientific analysis and mathematical models are developed for them. In this paper, we define a class of mental health problems where the goal is to effectively manage distracted individuals that are required to complete specific tasks. The problem has the property that individuals are classified based on the level of distraction and face distraction with certain probability. We perform probabilistic analysis to evaluate different policies that can be implemented by the respective authority to which distracted individuals are responsible for. Numerical experiments reveal that the policy imposing task-related assignments to individuals and offering them the recompense of high-reward and low-penalty significantly outperforms other policies in all the scenarios we examined. This study will pioneer the mathematical modelling of mental health problems.
AN AUTOMATED PARKINSON’S DISEASE DIAGNOSIS: A FEATURE SELECTION APPROACH
Authors: Çimen Sibel , Bolat Bülent
Published: December 2024

Parkinson’s disease is one of the neurodegenerative disorders that significantly affect human health. Patients experience various negative effects such as tremors, walking disorders, and impaired speech. The disease also causes instability in walking, leading to tremors, and affects their writing skills. Studies on detection of disease generally focus on speech analysis. However, PD can be diagnosed by exploiting the loss of motor ability. In this work, a data set which was recorded at Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University is considered. The data were collected from 15 healthy subjects and 75 with Parkinson’s Disease.by a graphic tablet. Each subject asked to draw a spiral in two different conditions which are named as static spiral test (SST) and dynamic spiral test (DST) respectively, and the drawings transformed into X, Y and Z axis of movement, Grip Angle, and Pressure data. During the study, the effectiveness of SST and DST conditions are considered. Various machine learning algorithms have been tested to determine the best classifier. The effect of features was also considered by utilizing a feature elimination process. As a result, the best classification performance was obtained as 93.55% by using Kernel Naïve Bayes network with SST data, by omitting Z axis.