bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure and function role of soil nematode communities in different types of vegetation in Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: INDARTI SIWI , UTAMI SRI NURYANI HIDAYAH , PUTRA NUGROHO SUSETYA , MAHARANI RINA
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Indarti S, Utami SNH, Putra NS, Maharani R. 2024. Structure and function role of soil nematode communities in different types of vegetation in Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2765-2772. Soil nematodes are crucial parts of the soil organism community and play a significant role in many ecological soil processes. It is necessary to pay greater attention to the lack of knowledge regarding the composition and role of the soil nematode community in different vegetations. Hence, the nematode structure community from minimal to soil stillages have been observed and compared from seven distinct types of vegetation. This study aimed to determine the soil nematode community structure, which includes the dominance, abundance, richness, diversity, and functional role of nematodes, as well as other chemical soil properties. Vegetation type represents soil management and has an impact on the life of soil organisms such as nematodes. A total of approximately 2328 soil nematodes were found, and 18 genera were identified. The Nematode Indicator Joint Analysis (NINJA) revealed that the vegetation type, land use, and soil chemical properties influence the nematode’s abundance, dominance, and structure differently. Through those results, the authors confirmed that soil nematodes in cultivated vegetation are dominated by the trophic groups of plant-parasitic nematodes and bacterivores. Conversely, predator, omnivores, and fungivores nematodes dominate in soil with minimal tillage. Overall, this study highlights the importance of soil nematode analysis in sustainable agricultural soil ecosystems.
Ethnomedicine, improved traditional medicine from Cocos nucifera water and evaluation of antibacterial activity on four bacterial strains in Center, Cameroon
Authors: LAMY GEORGES MAXIME LAMY , LIKENG JULIENNE LOUISE NGO , NDJIB ROSETTE CHRISTELLE , NDOUNGA SANDRINE EMILIE NGO , ELOMO L’AFRICAINE BLANCHE , MBUH SALIOH M. , NNANGA LEILA SANDRA , MAHAMA MAHAMA , BIYON JACQUES BRUNO NGOTTA , HARMSEN KARL , NGA EMMANUEL NNANGA , TCHINDA ALEMBERT TIABOU
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Lamy GML, Likeng JLN, Ndjib RC, Ndounga SEN, Elomo LB, Mbuh SM, Nnanga LS, Mahama, Biyon JBN, Harmsen K, Nga EN, Tchinda AT. 2024. Ethnomedicine, improved traditional medicine from Cocos nucifera water and evaluation of antibacterial activity on four bacterial strains in Center, Cameroon. Asian J Nat Prod Biochem 22: 27-34. In 2017, the WHO published its first list of “priority pathogens” resistant to antibiotics to combat growing antimicrobial resistance globally. These include bacteria that are multi-resistant to several antibiotics (Acinetobacter, Escherichia, etc.) and others (Salmonella, Shigella, etc.). Currently, research is focused on new antibiotics and medicinal plants are among the favored natural resources. Worldwide, Cocos nucifera water (Arecaceae) or coconut water, is traditionally reported to fight bacterial diseases. Unfortunately, information is lacking on its antibacterial potential in Center, Cameroon. The aim is to determine the traditional antibacterial uses of this water in Central, Cameroon. Then, transform this water into Improved Traditional Medicine (ITM). Finally, evaluate the antibacterial activity of ITM on 4 bacterial strains following the respective Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of 0.015 and 0.25 µg/mL. The methods were ethnomedicinal surveys, the pre-formulation protocol of medicinal syrup, and sensitivity tests in liquid and solid media. Therefore, 76 informants belonging to several ethnolinguistic groups participated. Women (55.27%) exceed men (44.73%) traditionally used coconut water more to treat digestive disorders (stomachache and constipation). An antibacterial ITM named Coco Water Cure (CWC) was manufactured. The more sensitive Salmonella enteritidis and Shigella dysenteriae bacteria with CWC had an MIC of 0.25 µL/mL, respectively. In conclusion, coconut water containing actives compounds such as lauric acid is eligible among the natural antibiotic resources from Center, Cameroon.
Inequities in the green transition: anti-mining protests in the European periphery
Authors: Lazarević Nataša
Published: August 2024

Supposed green technological fixes to the climate crisis necessitate the mining of raw materials such as lithium en masse, spurring the proliferation of mining globally and the associated social and ecological harms. Major economies are engaged in a resource race for critical raw materials that are indispensable inputs for electric vehicles and digital technologies in the green transition and fourth industrial revolution (Kalantzakos, 2020; Kalantzakos et al, 2023). As this race materialises, so too has resistance and contestation on the proposed mining sites. This article engages with the critical literature on ecologically unequal exchanges (Hornborg, 1998; 2014; 2016) and extractivism (Acosta, 2013) to explore protracted civil society resistance to two lithium mining projects in rural and agrarian regions of Serbia and Portugal. The European Union is pursuing a dual agenda of decarbonising personal use transport and resource autonomy in an increasingly shifting geopolitical order; in turn a massive effort for onshoring mining activities is underway in Europe. The author argues that recent policy enactments by the European Union for onshore mining produces ecological and social harms in rural and agrarian areas and is illustrative of an unequal ecological and economic exchange. Agrarian and subsistence livelihoods are affected in pursuit of green technological solutions, highlighting the contradictory character of the green transition under capitalism and ultimately advocates for a degrowth position.
Theoretical study of an electrochemically controlled polymer nanoantenna for optical switch
Authors: Kuang Kaili , Wang Qiao , Chang Fangjin , Yang Yutong , Chu Han , Peng Wei
Published: August 2024

Conventional metallic nanoantennas allow the control of light at the nanoscale, but their untunable structural settings and material properties limit their optical modulation. Methods for dynamical control and modulation of light have become a hot topic in the development and application of nanooptics. Here, we propose a bowtie polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:sulfate) (PEDOT:Sulf) nanoantenna that enables dynamical control of the optical responses by electrochemical modulation of the plasmonic (oxidated) and dielectric (reduced) states of polymers. The switch effect of the nanoantenna is related to its electric polar mode. In addition, we explore the dependence of the optical response of the nanoantenna on structural parameters in detail. The tunable response of the nanoantenna has promising applications in optical switch and encoding in information transmission.
Polarization transmission characteristics of polystyrene microplastics in aqueous environments
Authors: Zeng Xiangwei , Kong Xianghui , Liu Lu , Li Yahong , Liu Yutong , Wang Shaofeilong
Published: August 2024

Polystyrene microplastics are now widely distributed in aquatic environments, encompassing natural waters, bottled water, and even biological fluids such as blood and urine. These microplastics negatively affect such processes as underwater communication, underwater detection, and blood flow imaging. In this work, a suspension of polystyrene microspheres was chosen as the subject of investigation. Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with diameters of 0.2μm, 0.5μm, and 1μm were used to create uniform scattering environments in water. Incident wavelengths of 470nm, 532nm, and 670nm were selected, respectively. The study examines which type of polarized light maintains its polarization most effectively. For polystyrene suspensions containing 0.2μm particles, parallel polarized light demonstrated superior polarization retention at the 532nm and 670nm wavelengths. In all other instances, right-handed circular polarized light exhibited better polarization retention. This phenomenon can be tentatively explained by the vector Fokker-Planck approximation. According to the vector Fokker-Planck approximation, the retention of circular polarization is correlated with the asymmetry parameter g. Circular polarization preserves its helicity and handedness during propagation through anisotropic random media. By contrast, linear polarization states become randomized more rapidly. This reversal occurs as the anisotropy of the environment decreases. The investigation also addresses which wavelength demonstrates enhanced polarization retention. Longer wavelengths exhibit improved polarization retention. Both parallel and right-handed circular polarized light achieve optimal polarization retention at the 670 nm wavelength. The outcomes of this research are anticipated to aid in endeavors such as underwater communication, underwater detection, and blood flow imaging techniques.
Hepatitis E virus in the Kathmandu Valley: Insights from a representative longitudinal serosurvey
Authors: Katuwal Nishan , Thapa Melina , Shrestha Sony , Vaidya Krista , Bogoch Isaac I. , Shrestha Rajeev , Andrews Jason R. , Tamrakar Dipesh , Aiemjoy Kristen
Published: August 2024

Background

Hepatitis-E virus (HEV), an etiologic agent of acute inflammatory liver disease, is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in South Asia. HEV is considered endemic in Nepal; but data on population-level infection transmission is sparse.

Methods

We conducted a longitudinal serosurvey in central Nepal to assess HEV exposure. At each visit, capillary blood samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies. The study took place between February 2019 and April 2021, with up to 4 visits per participant approximately 6 months apart.

Results

We collected 2513 samples from 923 participants aged 0–25 years, finding a seroprevalence of 4.8% and a seroincidence rate of 10.9 per 1000 person-years. Young adults and individuals consuming surface water faced the highest incidence of infection. Geospatial analysis identified potential HEV clusters, suggesting a need for targeted interventions.

Significance

Our findings demonstrate that HEV is endemic in Nepal and that the risk of infection increases with age.
Reexamining the Kuleshov effect: Behavioral and neural evidence from authentic film experiments
Authors: Cao Zhengcao , Wang Yashu , Wu Liangyu , Xie Yapei , Shi Zhichen , Zhong Yiren , Wang Yiwen
Published: August 2024

Film cognition explores the influence of cinematic elements, such as editing and film color, on viewers’ perception. The Kuleshov effect, a famous example of how editing influences viewers’ emotional perception, was initially proposed to support montage theory through the Kuleshov experiment. This effect, which has since been recognized as a manifestation of point-of-view (POV) editing practices, posits that the emotional interpretation of neutral facial expressions is influenced by the accompanying emotional scene in a face-scene-face sequence. However, concerns persist regarding the validity of previous studies, often employing inauthentic film materials like static images, leaving the question of its existence in authentic films unanswered. This study addresses these concerns by utilizing authentic films in two experiments. In Experiment 1, multiple film clips were captured under the guidance of a professional film director and seamlessly integrated into authentic film sequences. 59 participants viewed these face-scene-face film sequences and were tasked with rating the valence and emotional intensity of neutral faces. The findings revealed that the accompanying fearful or happy scenes significantly influence the interpretation of emotion on neutral faces, eliciting perceptions of negative or positive emotions from the neutral face. These results affirm the existence of the Kuleshov effect within authentic films. In Experiment 2, 31 participants rated the valence and arousal of neutral faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The behavioral results confirm the Kuleshov effect in the MRI scanner, while the neural data identify neural correlates that support its existence at the neural level. These correlates include the cuneus, precuneus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, post cingulate gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus, and insula. These findings also underscore the contextual framing inherent in the Kuleshov effect. Overall, the study integrates film theory and cognitive neuroscience experiments, providing robust evidence supporting the existence of the Kuleshov effect through both subjective ratings and objective neuroimaging measurements. This research also contributes to a deeper understanding of the impact of film editing on viewers’ emotional perception from the contemporary POV editing practices and neurocinematic perspective, advancing the knowledge of film cognition.
EGFR-MEK1/2 cascade negatively regulates bactericidal function of bone marrow macrophages in mice with Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis
Authors: Jin Mingchao , Wu Xiaohu , Hu Jin , Chen Yijie , Yang Bingsheng , Cheng Chubin , Yang Mankai , Zhang Xianrong
Published: August 2024

The ability of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to survive within macrophages is a critical strategy for immune evasion, contributing to the pathogenesis and progression of osteomyelitis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly characterized. This study discovered that inhibiting the MEK1/2 pathway reduced bacterial load and mitigated bone destruction in a mouse model of S. aureus osteomyelitis. Histological staining revealed increased phosphorylated MEK1/2 levels in bone marrow macrophages surrounding abscess in the mouse model of S. aureus osteomyelitis. Activation of MEK1/2 pathway and its roles in impairing macrophage bactericidal function were confirmed in primary mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Transcriptome analysis and in vitro experiments demonstrated that S. aureus activates the MEK1/2 pathway through EGFR signaling. Moreover, we found that excessive activation of EGFR-MEK1/2 cascade downregulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels by suppressing Chek2 expression, thereby impairing macrophage bactericidal function. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of EGFR signaling prevented upregulation of phosphorylated MEK1/2 and restored Chek2 expression in macrophages, significantly enhancing S. aureus clearance and improving bone microstructure in vivo. These findings highlight the critical role of the EGFR-MEK1/2 cascade in host immune defense against S. aureus, suggesting that S. aureus may reduce mtROS levels by overactivating the EGFR-MEK1/2 cascade, thereby suppressing macrophage bactericidal function. Therefore, combining EGFR-MEK1/2 pathway blockade with antibiotics could represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of S. aureus osteomyelitis.
Synthesis of double network nanohydrogel and its performance in release of doxorubicin
Authors: Rezanejade Bardajee Ghasem , Noruzian Maede , Didehban Khadijeh
Published: August 2024

The synthesis, properties, and performance of a controlled drug (doxorubicin, DOX) release system based on a double-network nanohydrogel (DNN) obtained from poly(acrylic acid) grafted onto sodium alginate (S-ALG) are described. The drug release behavior of DNNs was studied under different pH and temperature conditions. The DNNs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). DNN was confirmed to be suitable for use in controlled drug delivery systems.
Innovative polymer composites based on biomedical materials
Authors: Bulanda Katarzyna , Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota , Oleksy Małgorzata , Aebisher David
Published: August 2024

The article presents preliminary research on the influence of calcium phosphate (10-40 wt%) on the functional properties of ABS. Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene was used as a compatibilizer (0.5 wt%). The mass flow rate, tensile properties and hardness were determined. The effect of the filler on the color change of the polymer matrix was also examined. For a composite containing 20 wt% calcium phosphate, the mechanical properties of samples obtained by 3D printing and injection molding were compared, with worse properties obtained by 3D printing. This can be explained by limited adhesion between the printed layers.
New Thiazole Derivatives
Authors: Omer Rebaz A. , Ahmed Karzan M. , Othman Khdir A. , Hamad Wali M. , Faraj Rahman K. , Muhialdin Ali J. , Salih Shalaw K.
Published: August 2024

While bacterial superbugs have garnered much attention, the rise of antifungal resistance poses a growing threat. This study explores the potential of newly synthesized 2,5-Bis(3,4 Dialkoxy Phenyl) Thiazolo[5,4-d] Thiazoles (DATTn compounds) as antifungal agents. Notably, DATTn compounds demonstrated significant fungicidal activity against Candida albicans, a major fungal pathogen, whereas remaining largely ineffective against common bacterial strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In silico docking simulations using Schrödinger suites unveiled the molecular basis for this selectivity, revealing strong interactions between DATTn molecules and a crucial fungal protein (Portion Data Bank ID: 8JZN) in C. albicans. These findings highlight the potential of DATTn compounds as promising leads for the development of novel antifungal therapies, particularly in light of escalating drug resistance concerns.
Opinions of Science Teachers Working in BİLSEMs on the Adequacy of In-Service Training
Authors: Bozkurt Umay Hira , Kaymakcı Güliz
Published: August 2024

The current study aims to determine the opinions of science teachers working in BİLSEMs on the adequacy of the in-service new skills provided by the Ministry of National Education of Turkiye. The study employed the case study design, one of the quantitative research models. The study participants are 11 science teachers working in BİLSEMs in different provinces in different regions of Turkiye in the 2022-2023 school year. In the determination of the participants, the purposive sampling method was used. As the data collection tool, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers in line with the expert opinions was used. Descriptive and content analysis techniques were developed to analyze the data obtained from the interviews. As a result of the research, it was determined that the participants expressed their opinions that in-service training through distance education was insufficient, that the content should be enriched, and that essential information for specially gifted children and different methods for science lessons should be included in the in-service training course. In this regard, various in-service training programs designed by the opinions of teachers can be developed.
Sex‐related differences in corticospinal excitability outcome measures of the biceps brachii during a submaximal elbow flexor contraction
Authors: Olarogba Olalekan B. , Lockyer Evan J. , Antolinez Angie K. , Button Duane C.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sex, muscle thickness, and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) on corticospinal excitability outcome measures of the biceps brachii. Eighteen participants (10 males and 8 females) completed this study. Ultrasound was used to assess biceps brachii muscle thickness and the overlying SFT. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to determine corticospinal excitability by inducing motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) at eight different TMS intensities from 90% to 160% of active motor threshold (AMT) from the biceps brachii during an isometric contraction of the elbow flexors at 10% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Biceps brachii maximal compound muscle action potential (Mmax) was also recorded prior to and after TMS. Males had higher (p < 0.001) biceps brachii muscle thickness and lower SFT, produced higher levels of MVC force and had, on average, higher (p < 0.001) MEP amplitudes at lower (p < 0.05) percentages of maximal stimulator output than females during the 10% elbow flexion MVC. Multiple linear regression modeling revealed that sex was not associated with any of the neurophysiological parameters examined, while SFT showed a positive association with the stimulation intensity required at AMT (p = 0.035) and a negative association with biceps brachii pre‐stimulus electromyography (EMG) activity (p = 0.021). Additionally, there was a small positive association between muscle thickness and biceps brachii pre‐stimulus EMG activity (p = 0.049). Overall, this study suggests that some measures of corticospinal excitability may be different between the sexes and influenced by SFT and muscle thickness.
Nitric oxide is involved in the cardioprotection of neonatal rat hearts, but not in neonatal ischemic postconditioning
Authors: Doul Jan , Minaříková Marcela , Charvátová Zuzana , Maxová Hana
Published: August 2024

The cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) in adult hearts is mediated by nitric oxide (NO). During the early developmental period, rat hearts exhibit higher resistance to ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, contain higher levels of serum nitrates, and their resistance cannot be further increased by IPC or IPoC. NOS blocker (L‐NAME) lowers their high resistance. Wistar rat hearts (postnatal Days 1 and 10) were perfused according to Langendorff and exposed to 40 min of global ischemia followed by reperfusion with or without IPoC. NO and reactive oxygen species donors (DEA‐NONO, SIN‐1) and L‐NAME were administered. Tolerance to ischemia decreased between Days 1 and 10. DEA‐NONO (low concentrations) significantly increased tolerance to I/R injury on both Days 1 and 10. SIN‐1 increased tolerance to I/R injury on Day 10, but not on Day 1. L‐NAME significantly reduced resistance to I/R injury on Day 1, but actually increased resistance to I/R injury on Day 10. Cardioprotection by IPoC on Day 10 was not affected by either NO donors or L‐NAME. It can be concluded that resistance of the neonatal heart to I/R injury is NO dependent, but unlike in adult hearts, cardioprotective interventions, such as IPoC, are most likely NO independent.
Duality of fractional derivatives: On a hybrid and non-hybrid inclusion problem
Authors: Soudani Leyla , Amara Abdelkader , Zennir Khaled , Ahmad Junaid
Published: August 2024

The main goal of this paper is to investigate a newly proposed hybrid and hybrid inclusion problem consisting of fractional differential problems involving two different fractional derivatives of order μ, Caputo and Liouville–Riemann operators, with multi-order mixed Riemann–Liouville integro-derivative conditions. Although α is between one and two, we need three boundary value conditions to find the integral equation. The study investigates the results of existence for hybrid, hybrid inclusion, and non-hybrid inclusion problems by employing several analytical approaches, including Dhage’s technique,

α
-
ψ

{\alpha-\psi}

-contractive mappings, fixed points, and endpoints of the product operators. To further illustrate our findings, we present three examples.
A coefficient identification problem for a system of advection-diffusion-reaction equations in water quality modeling
Authors: Hào Dinh Nho , Thành Nguyen Trung , Van Duc Nguyen , Van Thang Nguyen
Published: August 2024

The inverse problem of
reconstructing two space-varying coefficients in a system of
one-dimensional (1-d) time-dependent advection-diffusion-reaction (ADR) equations is considered.
The ADR system can be used as a water quality model which describes
the evolution of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved
oxygen (DO) in a river or stream. The coefficients to be
reconstructed represents the effect of the deoxygenation and
superficial reaeration processes on the DO and BOD concentration in
water. Hölder stability estimates for the coefficients of interest are
established using the Carleman estimate technique.
The study of citric acid crosslinked β-cyclodextrin/hydroxypropyl cellulose food preservation film
Authors: Wang Yefan , Wang Ting , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Qian , Liu Sheng , Guo Zhihua , Liu Haitang
Published: August 2024

In this study, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was utilized as the raw material, with the addition of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), citric acid (CA) as the crosslinking agent, and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) as the catalyst to produce hydroxypropyl cellulose/β-CD composite films. The inclusion of β-CD resulted in an increase in the tensile strength of the film, with the maximum value of 13.5 MPa for the 1 % β-CD composite membrane. Additionally, after degradation in soil for 28 days, the degradation ability was significantly enhanced, with the 1.0 % β-CD composite film exhibiting the highest degradation rate of 27.21 %. Furthermore, the water permeability of the composite membrane was improved with the addition of β-CD. Specifically, when the β-CD content was 1.0 %, the water vapor transmission reached its lowest point at 2,445 g*

(

m
2

*
24
d

)

−
1

${({m}^{2}\ast 24d)}^{-1}$

. The findings demonstrated that the 1 % β-cyclodextrin/hydroxypropyl cellulose composite film effectively preserved the freshness of strawberries, reducing the weight loss rate by 1.65 % compared to the control group. In conclusion, this research highlights the potential for preparing composite membranes using HPC and β-CD crosslinking, thereby expanding the application of hydroxypropyl cellulose and β-CD in food preservation.
A Casa Museu João Luiz Pozzobon: Lugar de memória, lugar de fé
Authors: Farinha Alessandra Buriol
Published: August 2024

Este ensaio estuda as relações constituídas entre a Casa Museu João Luiz Pozzobon, seus visitantes e comunidade local, em São João do Polêsine, interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A Casa Museu é a réplica da casa do Diácono João Pozzobon, que ficou conhecido por sua trajetória missionária por várias cidades do estado, entre as décadas de 1950 e 1980. Através de depoimentos, do estudo sobre a memória de Pozzobon e trabalho de observação em campo, a pesquisa objetivou identificar que relação se estabelece entre o espaço do museu e os visitantes que a ele afluem, bem como do museu com a comunidade local. Foi observada diferença de opiniões no que tange à santidade de João Pozzobon por parte dos visitantes da Casa Museu, os visitantes oriundos de lugares distantes o veneram como um santo, os visitantes autóctones e comunidade vêem João Pozzobon como um antigo vizinho, um homem comum, não considerando sua identidade de santo ou venerável.
A memória em disputa: o Museu do Algodão de Campina Grande-PB, 1973-2013
Authors: Filho Severino Cabral
Published: August 2024

O nosso artigo discute um projeto de memória para Campina Grande, na Paraíba. Tal projeto e tal memória se revelam por meio do acervo que constitui o Museu do Algodão de Campina Grande (MACG), composto por fotografias, utensílios, acessórios e equipamentos que datam do século XIX à década de 1990. Por meio de algumas dessas imagens fotográficas apresentamos e questionamos o que essa instituição cristaliza e preserva como sendo uma memória coletiva.
O Museu da Abolição – MAB e os movimentos sociais de Pernambuco
Authors: De Assis Maria Elisabete Arruda
Published: August 2024

Este artigo discute a participação dos movimentos sociais afrodescendentes de Pernambuco no Museu da Abolição, instituição pública federal vinculada ao Instituto Brasileiro de Museus / Ministério da Cultura. Criado por decreto federal na década de cinquenta, tem sua trajetória institucional modificada a partir do estabelecimento de interlocução com entidades e lideranças negras. Analisa os processos de patrimonialização e musealização decorrentes deste processo, e a mudança de perspectiva da missão e objetivos do museu, que o integra como território identificado com causas e questões do povo negro, assim como espaço de memória da cultura afrobrasileira. Sua trajetória, portanto, transita da museologia tradicional à museologia social, tornando-o referência, dentre os museus públicos, a partir de sua aproximação e interlocução com pessoas, instituições e organizações vinculadas à cultura tradicional de matriz africana e às questões dos direitos humanos, igualdade racial, eliminação do racismo, preconceitos e exclusões de que são vítimas os negros brasileiros.
Cidade e memória: Museu Histórico Municipal Tuany Toledo de Pouso Alegre/MG
Authors: Andrade Ana Eugênia Nunes , Dos Santos Luana Tais
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo propõe compreender os caminhos percorridos para a criação e organização da primeira exposição de objetos antigos de Pouso Alegre/MG. Analisamos a história da cidade, o cotidiano e as mentalidades presentes na sociedade nas décadas 1950 e 1960. Dirigimos nosso olhar a “Avenida Doutor Lisboa”, pois era ali que se localizava uma distinta loja chamada Casa Vitale, que foi palco da primeira exposição na cidade, para então se formar o embrião que daria em 02 de abril de 1990 origem ao MHMTT local destinado as memórias da cidade.
Vila dos Ferroviários - rua Diretor Pestana em Porto Alegre
Authors: Bemvenuti Alice
Published: August 2024

Com objetivo de identificar características da Vila dos Ferroviários e provocar o debate em torno das memórias do local e do patrimônio cultural existente, foi desenvolvida uma descrição com uso de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, utilizando entrevistas e captura de imagens fotográficas(etnografia) na Rua Diretor Augusto Pestana, em Porto Alegre, onde estão localizadas 60 casas. A série de imagens apresentadas compõe um universo de 85 fotografias da exposição “Vila dos Ferroviários – uma experiência documental” como parte dos resultados da pesquisa.
Direct ink writing of WC-Co composite with flexible green bodies
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Central Medical Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, Zhang N. , Luo T. ,   The Second Department of Orthopedics, Bethune International Peace Hospital of PLA, Shijiazhuang, China, Yang X. ,   Department of Surgery, Central Medical Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
Published: August 2024

Direct ink writing of 3D WC-Co with conformable green bodies was achieved benefiting from the highly flexible WC-Co paste with high solid loading. Rheology properties of the paste, microstructure of the 3D structure was investigated. Organic-based paste of WC-8Co with a high solid content of 91 wt% were prepared, which exhibited shear thinning behavior and had a high storage modulus, two key parameters for ensuring the smooth printing. After secondary molding, 3D WC-Co green bodies with overhanging structure and no cracks were confirmed through secondary treatment of twisting or bending. Sound 3D structures with uniform and dense microstructure were obtained after debinding and sintering in vacuum. This work showed a facile route for the fabrication of 3D bone cemented carbides by direct ink writing with flexible green bodies.
Fabrication of nanostructured MgO:Fe as NO2 gas sensor prepared by spray pyrolysis technique
Authors:   Department of Physics- College of Education for Pure Sciences-University of  Tikrit, Iraq, Abd Ali H. R. , Jasim R. I. ,   bDepartment of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Hussein K. N. ,   Department of Radiology, Al-Manara College for Medical Science, Iraq, Chiad S. S. ,   bDepartment of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Habubi N. F. ,   Department of Radiology and Sonar Techniques, Alnukhba University University College, Baghdad 10013, Iraq, Kadhim Y. H. ,   Department of Optics Techniques, College of Haelth and Medical Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Hillah, 51001, Iraq, Jadan M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2024

Nanostructured MgO:Fe was fabricated by spray Pyrolysis technique (SPT). XRD verifies MgO's cubic structure. The MgO thin film's crystallite size increased to 10.7–15.41 nm due to doping. SEM pictures display The surface becomes rougher and the grain size increases with concentration. The ideal MgO's average transmission value in the visible spectrum was 70%. The Tauc relation was used to calculate Eg, which decreased for MgO:Fe doping at 4%wt concentration from 362.1 to 3.52 eV. Resistance change as a measure of film sensitivity to gas indicates that MgO is a p-type semiconductor, with the maximum resistance being shown by MgO:Fe at 4%wt. The sensitivity of MgO films to NO2 diminishes as Fe content increases.
Structural analysis and optoelectronic applications of 2-aminopyrimidine with pimelic acid crystal
Authors:   Sona College of Technology (Autonomous), Salem -636005, India, Mekala R. , Thanisha Banu N. ,   Sri Sarada College for Women (Autonomous), Salem -636016, India, Mathammal R. ,   Sri Sarada College for Women (Autonomous), Salem -636016, India
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the reaction between 2-aminopyrimidine and pimelic acid, resulting in the formation of a novel crystal. The crystals were obtained through slow evaporation process. These crystals underwent PXRD testing to establish their crystalline properties. The values of the unit cell parameters are confirmed through SXRD analysis. The FTIR technique is applied to detect different functional groups present in the title crystals. The UV-Visible spectrum is recorded to find the band gap energy. From the photoluminescence spectrum the emission is observed at 353nm. The mechanical strength of the material against deformation is studied using Vickers micro hardness tester and the material is stated as soft material. The dielectric behaviour of the crystal is studied using LCRZ meter.
Reflexiones contractuales sobre el Plan de Alimentación Escolar (PAE) en Colombia: un análisis de los casos de La Guajira, Cesar y Santander
Authors: Jiménez Rodríguez Nayibe Paola , Téllez Navarro Román Francisco , Villalba Stivenson
Published: August 2024

The present research project emphasizes the significance of the School Feeding Program (PAE) as a guarantor of the right to food for children and adolescents enrolled in the official education system of the country (Magin Yara et al., 2021). Attention is directed towards the contracting process carried out by the State for the implementation of school feeding plans, with the purpose of evaluating the level of compliance with state objectives, particularly the safeguarding of the best interests of children.
The methodology used in this research is qualitative, employing a descriptive method to thoroughly characterize the object of study and the associated variables (Arias Gonzáles and Covinos Gallardo, 2021). This approach allows for a meticulous exploration of possible irregularities in the school feeding plans' contracting process, as well as those generated by an ineffective execution of contracts intended for that purpose.
Issues have been identified in the contracting processes of the PAE in the departments of La Guajira, Cesar, and Santander, where the fundamental rights of children have been violated. Particularly in communities with scarce state presence, located in remote rural areas or difficult-to-access zones due to the lack of road infrastructure and the country's topography. These regions face limitations in economic resources and lack access to digital tools and resources, such as internet service, imposing significant barriers to the effective access of control and supervision entities to the PAE program (Moreno Páez and Moreno Rodríguez, 2020).
The research technique used is documentary and bibliographical analysis, enabling studies on national and international reports, governmental and non-governmental, as well as national and international regulations. Finally, data triangulation is employed to cross-reference information obtained from different sources, while hermeneutics is used to interpret the data and understand the studied phenomena. In conclusion, this research on the School Feeding Program in Colombia highlights the importance of ensuring the right to food for children and adolescents in the country's official education system. Additionally, problems in the contracting processes of the PAE in the departments of La Guajira, Cesar, and Santander are identified.
Ecological analysis of the cyanoprokaryotes of the Svalbard Archipelago
Authors: Давыдов Д.А.
Published: August 2024

Выполнен анализ экологических особенностей цианопрокариот архипелага Шпицберген. Выделены две группы местообитаний: водные и наземные. Генеральным фактором, определяющим развитие цианопрокариот, следует считать обводненность. Вариабельность местообитаний можно представить в виде градиента увлажнения от типично водных через субаэрофитные до сухих наземных. Исходя из количества находок и видового богатства сделан вывод, что наиболее благоприятными для цианопрокариот в условиях Шпицбергена являются: 1) скальные сообщества в условиях достаточного увлажнения, 2) оголенные грунты, на которых формируются биологические почвенные корочки,3) медленные хорошо прогреваемые ручьи, а также 4) специфические переувлажненные местообитания – просачивания. На примере анализа экологических особенностей видов, произрастающих на архипелаге, показано, что представления об эврибионтных свой­ствах цианопрокариот несостоятельны. Наибольшую пластичность проявляют Nostoc commune Vauch. ex Born. et Flah., Microcoleus autumnalis (Trev. ex Gom.) Strunecky et al., Calothrix parietina Thur. ex Born. et Flah., Oscillatoria tenuis C. Ag. ex Gom., Pseudanabaena frigida (Fritsch) Anagn. Все виды, включая и вышеназванные, имеют очевидные экологические предпочтения. Анализ субстратной приуроченности цианопрокариот демонстрирует, что наибольшее число видов цианопрокариот встречено на почве, каменистых субстратах и мохообразных.

An analysis of the ecological characteristics of cyanobacteria in Svalbard has been carried out. Two groups of habitats have been identified: aquatic and terrestrial. The main factor determining the development of cyanobacteria is considered to be the degree of water saturation. The variability of habitats can be represented as a gradient of moisture from typically aquatic to dry terrestrial habitats. Based on the number of findings and species richness, it can be concluded that the most favorable habitats for cyanobacteria in Svalbard are 1) rocky communities in conditions of sufficient moisture, 2) exposed soil surfaces on which biological soil crusts form, 3) slow, well-warmed streams, and 4) specific over-moistened habitats such as seepages.Using the example of the analysis of the ecological characteristics of species growing in the archipelago, it is shown that the concept of eurybiont properties of cyanobacteria is not tenable. The greatest plasticity is exhibited by Nostoc commune Vauch. ex Born. et Flah., Microcoleus autumnalis (Trev. ex Gom.) Strunecky et al., Calothrix parietina Thur. ex Born. et Flah., Oscillatoria tenuis C. Ag. ex Gom., Pseudanabaena frigida (Fritsch) Anagn. All of cyanobacterial species, including those mentioned above, have obvious ecological preferences. Analysis of the substrate specificity of cyanobacteria demonstrates that the greatest number of species are found in soil, rocky substrates, and moss-like environments.
Characteristics of algae in lake Azas (Republic оfTyva, Russia)
Authors: Науменко Ю.В. , Назын Ч.Д.
Published: August 2024

Приводятся впервые сведения о водорослях озера Азас, часть акватории которого относится к государственному природному заповеднику “Азас”. Выявлен171 видовой и внутривидовой таксон, который относятся к72 родам, 50 семействам и 8 отделам. Установлено, что основу альгофлоры составляют диатомовые и синезеленые водоросли. Выявлено14 доминантов, из которых девять относятся к отделуBacillariophyta. Выполнен эколого-географический анализ водорослей заповедной части озера. Установлено, что альгофлора водного объекта представлена бентосными видами с преобладанием индифферентных форм по отношению к галобности и активной реакции среды. Во всех исследуемых биотопах выявлено123 вида – показателей сапробности вод. Отмечено преобладание бетамезосапробионтов и олигосапробионтов. В географическом отношении господствовали космополиты и бореальные виды.

For the first time, information is provided about the algae of Lake Azas, part of the water area of which belongs to the Azas State Nature Reserve. 171 species and intraspecific taxa have been identified, which belong to 72 genera, 50 families and 8 divisions. It has been established that the basis of the algal flora consists of diatoms and blue-green algae. 14 dominants were identified, 9 of which belong to the Bacillariophyta department. An ecological and geographical analysis of algae in the reserved part of the lake was carried out. It was established that the algal flora of the water body is represented by benthic species with a predominance of indifferent forms in relation to the algae and active reaction of the environment. In all studied biotopes, 123 species were identified –indicators of water saprobity. The predominance of betamezosaprobionts and oligosaprobionts was noted. Geographically, cosmopolitan and boreal species dominated.
SIGNATURES OF WILDFIRES CAUSED BY HOSTILITIES USING THE RESULTS OF SPACE PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Oreshchenko A.
Published: August 2024

There are no scientific works to present date, which would reveal the issue of separating fires from atypical causes from others caused by economic and recreational activities, using satellite infrared imaging. The purpose of this study is to establish the special deciphering signatures of atypical fires. Deciphering fires is their classification according to a number of characteristics: area, power, contour configuration, etc. For this research we used the data from FIRMS (Fire Information for Resource Management System) supplied by NASA, USA. Fire monitoring was daily carried out, starting in April 2020 when intense forest fires began in Ukraine, including the period of russian aggression, until September 2022. There are compared the data from space imagery in the infrared spectrum, visible (mid-resolution daytime space images) and news in mass media. For each fire there are calculated the area using the extreme points of the contour and the total power of the hot spots that fell into this contour. The data were received twice a day for each fly-around of the satellites. A number of criteria were identified which indicate the military origin of fires. These are fires in built-up areas, the irregular shape of fires contours, coverage of territories with different types of land use, too powerful ignitions and fires at an atypical time for the area. We can consider with a high probability that fires which have economic and recreational origin are arisen at the places of previous fires and which spread gradually over several days, and fires of low and medium power outside the collision zone. For the first time, the analysis of fires based on the results of space photography during the military conflict was performed and decipherable signs of fires from combat operations were identified. There are the conclusion that the results of this study may be needed to determine the amount of damage caused by russian aggression.
AVERAGE LONG-TERM VALUES AND VARIABILITY OF WATER, SALT AND DISSOLVED NUTRIENT FLOWS IN THE SYSTEM OF THE DNIEPER-BUG ESTUARY
Authors:   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ilyin Yu.
Published: August 2024

Riverine input of dissolved nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) to the NW Black Sea shelf plays the main part in the marine water eutrophication. Between the rivers’ fresh water and open sea’s saline water, transient estuarine systems may be partial consumer or producer of nutrients. To obtain mean multiannual estimates of nutrients transport and metabolism in the largest estuarine system of Dnipro and South Bug rivers (Dnipro-Bug liman, DBL), regular observational data of 1992-2018 were collected and widely known LOICZ biogeochemical modelling approach and software were applied. Box model of water and substances transport was constructed consisted of two connected one-layer boxes. Each box has the entrance from the river and exits: from the first box – to the second one, and from the second box – to the adjacent sea. Using this model, the flows of water, salts and nutrients (dissolved inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen, DIP and DIN) were calculated. Non-conservative substance remnants, which are determined by internal biogeochemical (non-hydrographic) interactions were interpreted using Redfield’s relations. Fluxes of groundwater, precipitations and evaporation were found to be neglectable comparing to riverine input and water exchange fluxes. It was established that the nutrients outputs from the DBL to the sea are: 89,3 % of DIP and 41,4 % of DIN in relation to the total volume of these substances’ inflow to the DBL with river run-off. In general, in the DBL primary production outweighs the respiration, and denitrification significantly outweighs the nitrogen fixation. Numerical estimates of the DBL model correspond to the average long-term state. But it is available to analyze the response of the results on the input data variability by evaluating uncertainty using the Monte-Carlo (MK) method. According to MK-estimates, most variables of the DBL box model can vary on average in the range of only 19 – 25 % of their mean values, despite the large variability of nutrient inputs with riverine flows.
Os partidos políticos do estado e da cidade do Rio de Janeiro na Primeira Republica: quatro questões
Authors: Conde Sá Pinto Surama
Published: August 2024

Os temas eleições e partidos políticos, ao lado dos estudos sobre o funcionamento dos poderes, vêm ganhando destaque no conjunto de trabalhos recentemente produzidos sobre a Primeira República brasileira (1889-1930). Juntas, essas temáticas representam um importante eixo de renovação na produção acadêmica relativa ao período (Viscardi; Alencar, 2016; Dal Forno, 2020; Ricci; Zulini, 2014; Couto, 2022).
Emociones inmersas en las representaciones sociales del agua en estudiantes de Monterrey, Nuevo León
Authors: Castillo-Pedraza Martha
Published: August 2024

Este artículo examina las representaciones sociales que emergen de las interacciones sociales e individuales diarias con el agua, convirtiendo el recurso hídrico en un un elemento fundamental en las prácticas cotidianas de la humanidad. Estas representaciones sociales, que abarcan creencias, significados y emociones, se analizan desde la perspectiva del gobierno de las emociones de Victoria Camps, explorando la siguiente interrogante: ¿qué emociones caracterizan las representaciones sociales del agua que manifiestan los y las jóvenes? El objetivo es establecer una conexión entre las emociones presentes en estas representaciones sociales y su potencial para influir en las prácticas sociales relacionadas con el agua. A continuación, se presentan datos empíricos obtenidos mediante una investigación cualitativa que incluyó entrevistas en profundidad. Se comienza exponiendo las representaciones sociales del agua, seguido por un análisis de las emociones que subyacen en ellas.