bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic structures, magnetic properties, and martensitic transformation in all-d-metal Heusler-like alloys Cd2MnTM (TM = Fe, Ni, Cu)*
Authors: Li Yong , Xu Peng , Zhang Xiaoming , Liu Guodong , Liu Enke , Li Lingwei
Published: May 2020

The electronic structures, magnetic properties, and martensitic transformation in all-d-metal Heusler-like alloys Cd2MnTM (TM = Fe, Ni, Cu) were investigated by the first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory. The results indicate that all three alloys are stabilized in the ferromagnetic L21-type structure. The total magnetic moments mainly come from Mn and Fe atoms for Cd2MnFe, whereas, only from Mn atoms for Cd2MnNi and Cd2MnCu. The magnetic moment at equilibrium lattice constant of Cd2MnFe (6.36 μ
B) is obviously larger than that of Cd2MnNi (3.95 μ
B) and Cd2MnCu (3.82 μ
B). The large negative energy differences (ΔE) between martensite and austenite in Cd2MnFe and Cd2MnNi under tetragonal distortion and different uniform strains indicate the possible occurrence of ferromagnetic martensitic transformation (FMMT). The minimum total energies in martensitic phase are located with the c/a ratios of 1.41 and 1.33 for Cd2MnFe and Cd2MnNi, respectively. The total moments in martensitic state still maintain large values compared with those in cubic state. The study is useful to find the new all-d-metal Heusler alloys with FMMT.
Game theory model of exit selection in pedestrian evacuation considering visual range and choice firmness*
Authors: Wang Wei-Li , Wan Fang-Fang , Lo Siu-Ming
Published: May 2020

Exit choice is one of the most important pedestrian behaviors during evacuation. Distance to the exit is a generally recognized factor influencing expected moving time to the exit. Visual range determines how much information a pedestrian can perceive, thus the number of pedestrians within the visual field can be used to estimate waiting time at the exit. Besides, the choice firmness that reflects the degree to which a pedestrian would persist in his/her previous choice of exit is proposed. By integrating game theory into a cellular automata simulation framework, the pedestrian exit choice mechanism is investigated and explicitly modeled in this paper. A systematic analysis of the key factors influencing pedestrian evacuation is conducted, including visual radius and choice firmness of a pedestrian, initial crowd distribution of the room, exit layout as well as exit width. It is found that low choice firmness level can lead to unnatural pedestrian behavior such as wandering, which is adverse to evacuation. The longer the pedestrian’s visual radius, the earlier the pedestrian can determine his/her final selection of the exit. Compared with the scenario where the pedestrians are randomly distributed, pedestrians clustered together in a corner of the room lead to high crowd density and imbalanced use of exits. Furthermore, the exit layout and exit width also have a certain influence on pedestrian evacuation process. The results of this paper may be of benefit to the formulation of behavioral rules in other pedestrian simulation models.
A polaron theory of quantum thermal transistor in nonequilibrium three-level systems*
Authors: Wang Chen , Xu Da-Zhi
Published: May 2020

We investigate the quantum thermal transistor effect in nonequilibrium three-level systems by applying the polaron-transformed Redfield equation combined with full counting statistics. The steady state heat currents are obtained via this unified approach over a wide region of system–bath coupling, and can be analytically reduced to the Redfield and nonequilibrium noninteracting blip approximation results in the weak and strong coupling limits, respectively. A giant heat amplification phenomenon emerges in the strong system–bath coupling limit, where transitions mediated by the middle thermal bath are found to be crucial to unravel the underlying mechanism. Moreover, the heat amplification is also exhibited with moderate coupling strength, which can be properly explained within the polaron framework.
First-principles study of magnetism of 3d transition metals and nitrogen co-doped monolayer MoS2*
Authors: Lin Long , Guo Yi-Peng , He Chao-Zheng , Tao Hua-Long , Huang Jing-Tao , Yu Wei-Yang , Chen Rui-Xin , Lou Meng-Si , Yan Long-Bin
Published: May 2020

The electronic structures and magnetic properties of diverse transition metal (TM = Fe, Co, and Ni) and nitrogen (N) co-doped monolayer MoS2 are investigated by using density functional theory. The results show that the intrinsic MoS2 does not have magnetism initially, but doped with TM (TM = Fe, Co, and Ni) the MoS2 possesses an obvious magnetism distinctly. The magnetic moment mainly comes from unpaired Mo:4d orbitals and the d orbitals of the dopants, as well as the S:3p states. However, the doping system exhibits certain half-metallic properties, so we select N atoms in the V family as a dopant to adjust its half-metal characteristics. The results show that the (Fe, N) co-doped MoS2 can be a satisfactory material for applications in spintronic devices. On this basis, the most stable geometry of the (2Fe–N) co-doped MoS2 system is determined by considering the different configurations of the positions of the two Fe atoms. It is found that the ferromagnetic mechanism of the (2Fe–N) co-doped MoS2 system is caused by the bond spin polarization mechanism of the Fe–Mo–Fe coupling chain. Our results verify that the (Fe, N) co-doped single-layer MoS2 has the conditions required to become a dilute magnetic semiconductor.
Metaheuristic algorithm approach to solve non-linear equations system with complex roots
Authors: Kamsyakawuni A , Sari M P , Riski A , Santoso K A
Published: May 2020

Non-linear equations system is a collection of some non-linear equations that will find the best solution. Finding the solution of non-linear equations system usually by using analytical method, but there are some complex cases that cannot be solved analytically, so new methods are needed to solve them. One method that can be used to solve non-linear equations system is by using metaheuristic algorithm. This research aims to solve non-linear equations system with complex roots by using metaheuristic algorithm. The metaheuristic algorithm used in this research is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Firefly Algorithm (FA) and Cuckoo Search (CS). The input of this research is non-linear equations system that will be tested and parameters of the PSO, FA, and CS algorithm. Non-linear equations system which is the object of problem is polynomial function and transcendent function, which include logarithmic function, first degree trigonometric function and exponential function. The resulting output is an approximation of the complex roots and function value. Then the obtained solution of non-linear equations system compared with the result of accuracy by finding the value of the function f(x) which is closer to zero. The result of this research obtained by comparing the value of the function produced by each algorithm showed that Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is better at solving non-linear equations system with complex roots because the value of the resulting function is close to zero.
Mapping of gold mineralization using 3D inversion magnetic data at Zone X, West Java
Authors: Al Macky Muzzammil , Syamsu Rosid Mohammad , Pajrin Jaman Agus
Published: May 2020

Gold mineralization occurs when the hydrothermal fluid rise beneath the earth’s surface. Tectonic activity causes gold mineralization in several depositional environments, one of which is a low epithermal sulfide deposite. This type of deposite is characterized by low temperatures and controlled by many geological structures. The discovery of veins in geological mapping in Zone X needs to be supported by geophysical exploration to identify the distribution of gold mineralized zones. This study aims to identify zones of gold mineralization based on magnetic data. From the results of the study obtained the susceptibility parameters of the 3D inversion process of magnetic data. The results are verified by map of gravity anomalies and geological structures. So that there are 2 interesting blocks which are interpreted as zones of gold mineralization in the southeast-northwest orientation and the depth of the dominant magnetic body at 900 masl to 20 masl.
Hydrocarbon Reservoir Characterization of ‘Y’ Field in Kutai Basin East Kalimantan Using Artificial Neural Network Method
Authors: Hendryan Y R , Rosid M S , Haryono
Published: May 2020

The Kutai Basin in East Kalimantan is one of the largest oil and gas production areas in Indonesia. However, because the area has quite complex geology, the distribution of sandstone reservoirs in this area tends to be random. In the ‘Y’ field there are two wells named TU-1 and TS-1. The presence of gas-type hydrocarbon was shown in the TU-1 well while TS-1 well is a dry well. For this reason, the volume of rock properties were distributed to predict the presence and distribution of sandstones that have the potential to become hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study uses artificial neural network method with seismic attribute volumes, such as instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase, and instantaneous frequency, and also acoustic impedance inversion as the input. The volume of rock properties that were successfully predicted by the neural network were density, P-wave velocity, and effective porosity. From this volume, there is one horizon that becomes an interesting area because it has an area that indicates a hydrocarbon reservoir, that is Late Miocene horizon. Its properties have density value range from 2.1 - 2.25 gr/cc, P-wave velocity value ranges from 1800 - 2500 m/s, and effective porosity value ranges from 10 - 15%.
The effects of milling time on structure, magnetic properties and microwave absorption capability of strontium lanthanum ferrite compounds
Authors: Effendi Mukhtar , Nugraha Endra , Tri Cahyanto Wahyu , Widanarto Wahyu
Published: May 2020

A series of lanthanum oxide doped of Strontium ferrite material has been produced by using a solid-state reaction method with the composition of (1-x) SrO : (x)La2O3 : (6)Fe2O3, where x = 0.2 mol. The solid-state reaction method consists of mixing, milling with time duration of (hour) 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5, pressing, annealing at 800 ° C for 1 hour, and sintering at 1100 °C for 3 hours. XRD, VSM, and VNA characterizations have been carried out to analyze the structure, magnetic properties, and microwave absorption capability, respectively. The characterization results showed the appearance of Sr0,5La0,5Fe12O19, SrFe12O19 and Fe2O3 crystal phases. The samples with a milling time of 1 hour produced the highest Sr0.5La0.5Fe12O19 crystal phase and the smallest crystal size and also the highest M
s value. These factors result in to achieve the best microwave absorption capability. The highest microwave absorption is -35.99 dB at a frequency of 7.69 GHz which is attained by the samples with a milling time of 1 hour. Increasing the milling time by more than 1 hour will cause the sample to agglomerate so that the crystal size increases, the Sr0.5La0.5Fe12O19 crystal phase decreases, the M
s value also decreases, and ultimately causes absorption capability of the microwave also decreases. Generally, the 1 hour milling time process yields the magnetic material which is very promising for electromagnetic interference (EMI) absorption applications for frequencies of 8 - 12 GHz (X-Band).
Effect of Carbon Active Addition to Electrochemical Performance of Li4Ti5O12/SnO2 Composite Anode on Lithiumion Battery
Authors: Simamora Ebsan , Riady Jeffrey , Priyono Bambang , Syahrial Anne Zulfia
Published: May 2020

As a potential material on lithium ion battery, the composite Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) has a limitation due to its low theoretical capacity compared to graphite. To decrease the limitation, this research was conducted by adding activated carbon and SnO2 to LTO. The addition of activated carbon was conducted in 1%, 3% and 5%. Meanwhile, the addition of SnO2 was conducted in 10%. LTO was synthetized by using sol-gel method, hydrothermal method and mechano-chemical method. The sample was characterized with XRD and SEM-EDX. The XRD results showed that SnO2 particle were formed with no residue from previous reaction. The results of SEM-EDS showed that SnO2 particle had a small size and distribute evenly as the active carbon. Furthermore, to determine the addition effect of activated carbon and SnO2 on electrochemical performance of the battery, we conducted EIS, CV and CD testing. The results of CV testing showed that the addition of activated carbon increased the specific capacity of LTO. Meanwhile, the results of CD testing showed that the addition of activated carbon reduced the capacity loss on high c-rate.
New one-loop formulas for

H→γγ,Zγ
Authors: Hong Phan Khiem , Tri Tran Dzung
Published: May 2020

Based on the method for evaluating one-loop Feynman integrals developed in [A. I. Davydychev, Phys. Lett. B 263 (1991) 107], new analytic results for one-loop contributing to the decay channels

H
→
γ
γ
,

Z
γ

are presented. The form factors shown in this paper are valid at arbitrary space-time dimension.
Multiple scattering model considering the vibration effect
Authors: Nguyen Hien T , Phan Ngoc-Loan
Published: May 2020

The independent atomic (IAM) and the multiple scattering (MS) models are recently adopted to extract the molecular geometrical structures from the electron diffraction images, especially, in the laser-induced electron diffraction. In this study, firstly, we clarify the working range of the MS and the IAM models by comparing its diffraction images at various collision energies. We claim that the MS model is effective at low energy of incident electron while both MS and IAM models give similar results at high collision energy. Secondly, we successfully develop the MS model by numerically including the molecular vibration. By comparing with the diffraction patterns calculated within the IAM model at considerably high collision energy, we verify the accuracy of the developed MS model. We show that the diffraction curves simulated by the MS and IAM methods considering the vibration effect are consistent with each other. Moreover, the extracted interatomic distance from diffraction images well agrees with the initial input. This evidence proves that the MS model with the vibration effect is reliable.
Temperature independence of the heat capacity of liquid water at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Nhan T T , Tuan L
Published: May 2020

Debye temperature and Frenkel temperature of liquid water at atmospheric pressure are estimated from the modified phonon-polariton model. Moreover, the decrease in the Debye temperature and the increase in the Frenkel temperature as rising temperature are pointed out. The heat capacity of liquid water is given by the phonon theory reported in 2012, covering both classical to quantum regimes for both the motion of phonon polariton and the di˙usion motion of particles. Because the ratio between temperature and the Debye temperature varies from 0.8 to 1.5, leading to the temperature independence of the heat capacity of liquid water at atmospheric pressure, in agreement with experimental work.
Dynamics heterogeneity and diffusion mechanism in sodium-silicate melts: Molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Thi Thanh Ha Nguyen
Published: May 2020

In the present study, molecular dynamics simulation of sodium-silicate has been carried out to investigate microstructure and diffusion. The statistical and dynamical distribution of sodium in sodium-silicate melts with various compositions at 1873 K and ambient pressure has been studied via simplex method. The result shows that the spatial distribution of sodium is non-uniform. There is the simplex contains up to 6 Na and the radius of simplexes varies from 1.4 to 4.5 Å. We find that sodium tends to be in the non-bridging oxygen-simplexes and in larger-radius simplex. The temporal number density of Na around non-bridging oxygen and free oxygens is significantly higher than the one for others region. The static structure is heterogeneous and comprises Na-poor and Na-rich regions. Moreover, the “pockets for sodium” where network atoms having large number density of Na gather is observed. The structure comprises consists of separate micro-regions where immobile or mobile network atoms reside. It turns out that the dynamics is spatially heterogeneous. The Na atoms tend to move along diffusion pathways comprising simplex-regions of networks forming atoms having high number density of Na. The diffusion pathways for sodium consist of simplex-regions of solid-like non-bridging oxygen, free oxygens.
Computational study of µ-opioid receptor embedded in a realistic membrane
Authors: Tran Thanh K. , Nguyen Toan T.
Published: May 2020

Opioids are highly effective analgesics used to alleviate acute, surgical and cancer pains. However, utilization of opioids leads to adverse effects such as nausea, constipation, dizziness, somnolence, vomiting, especially, high addictive liability and drug-induced respiration depression. Ongoing efforts to generate safer opioid analgesics, such as designing biased agonist, peripheral opioids or endogenous opioid analogues, requires thorough understanding of the relationship between structure and function of the main target of opioids - µORs. In this research, the structural and dynamic of a µOR molecule embedded in membrane are studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Our results revealed the influences of disulfide linkage between CYS142-CYS219 and the transmembrane proline and glycine on µOR’s dynamics and structure, as well as, their important role in µOR’s functions.
Dynamics Investigate on Capture Process of rope end Mechanism of Space Manipulator
Authors: Pan Dong , Li Guangping , Zhang Huibo , Dai Shijie
Published: May 2020

The rope end mechanism of large space manipulator satisfies the characteristics of large tolerance and soft acquisition, and is an ideal actuator for space acquisition operation. Based on the discretization method, the dynamic model of wire rope is obtained by flexible spring connection. By introducing the non-linear contact force and friction model between the rope and the target, the capture dynamics model of the end mechanism is obtained. The model is used to simulate and analyze the two acquisition strategies of uniform speed acquisition and FA-SC-VT acquisition. It is found that the collision force is uncontrollable and the target is easy to escape during the acquisition process. To solve the above problems, a motion synchronization acquisition strategy is proposed. The simulation results of the three acquisition strategies are compared and verified by the dynamic model. It is found that the motion synchronization acquisition strategy can effectively reduce the collision force between the rope and the target and improve the acquisition capability compared with the uniform acquisition strategy and FA-SC-VT acquisition strategy. It is of great significance to the dynamics study of the acquisition process of large space manipulator.
Environmentally sound materials from rice straw for elevator decoration
Authors: Liu Junjun , Su Huijuan , Guo Lanzhong , Zhang Ming
Published: May 2020

The main goal of this work was to use rice straw (WS) in the production of environmentally sound materials using corn based adhesives (CA). Treatments of WS with NaOH and hot-water were undertaken to evaluate the effect of such treatments on the performance of produced materials. The influence of material density, starch content and varieties of starch (cornstarch, cassava starch, potato starch) on properties of materials was also investigated. Results showed that cornstarch based materials had higher flexural properties. Materials made from hot-water treated straw and cornstarch had better interface and higher flexural properties, and flexural strength and flexural elastic modulus reached peak values at starch content of 10% and material density of 0.7 g/cm3. Materials made from non-treated straw and cornstarch had lower moisture absorption. Moisture absorption was increasing with starch content increasing and density decreasing. The materials developed from this work may have potential application for ceiling panels and bulletin boards.
Vibration control of nonlinear vibration of suspended cables based on quadratic delayed resonator
Authors: Tang Yiwei , Peng Jian , Li Luxin , Sun Hongxin , Xie Xianzhong
Published: May 2020

Based on Galerkin method and multiple scales method, the first-order symmetric mode responses the suspension cable under longitudinal time-delayed velocity feedback control are obtained. The influence of system parameters, such as time delay, control gain and excitation amplitude on the controlled system, is investigated by the numerical examples. According to the feedback gain increasing, the amplitude of the system response is significantly suppressed. And the efficiency of vibration control can be improved by selecting control gain and the time-delay value.
Blood transfusion or hematopoiesis? how to select between the subsidy mode and the long-term mode of eco-compensation
Authors: Liu Moucheng , Bai Yunxiao , Ma Nan , Rao Didi , Yang Lun , Min Qingwen
Published: May 2020

As a long-term mechanism for eco-compensation, the ‘Hematopoiesis-Compensation Policy’ (HCP) such as industrial transformation can effectively improve the operability and efficiency of compensation policy. However, compared with the ‘Transfusion-compensation Policy’ (TCP) such as the cash subsidy, can HCP quickly achieve the goal of eco-compensation? Does HCP require more total investment in compensation funds? This paper takes the Shennongjia National Park System Pilot Zone (SNJNP) as the research area and takes the eco-compensation policy to encourage farmers to return farmland to forest as the research object. We set three different compensation modes of TCP and HCP, and study the compensation scenarios in the next 20 years. The results show that HCP can achieve the purpose of compensation faster than TCP. Although the annual payment of HCP is relatively higher at the beginning, both the annual expenditure and the cumulative expenditure will decrease significantly. Therefore, later annual expenditure and cumulative total expenditure of HCP will be lower than TCP.
Innovative technological aspects of secondary raw materials processing in juices production
Authors: Donchenko L V , Krasnoselova E A , Konuhova E V , Belousova A I
Published: May 2020

The agricultural sector of the economy is a waste-intensive industry. Production of the basic agricultural product involves a big amount of waste. The output of the target product, as a rule, makes up 15–30% of the full amount of the initial resources. The other part that contains a significant number of valuable compounds is not used in this process and turns into the so-called production wastes, which can become secondary raw materials for an extra product manufacturing. The vast amount of secondary raw materials is created in food and processing industries of agricultural Complex (AC). At the same time, only 50% is used efficiently. This fact proves the relevance of the secondary resources processing problem. The production of apple juice creates 20–30% of wastes that are the industrial source of pectin. As a rule, pectin is extracted from the runoff of late ripening period apples. The objects of this research are the industrial apples cultivars grown in Krasnodar region. The article provides the comparative research results of fractional content of pectin substances in apples with different ripening periods. It defines analytical characteristics of apple pectin extracted from different raw materials. The study states the innovation evaluation criteria for developed technologies. It shows the reasonability of summer period apples processing for production of pectin-containing products and their competitiveness.
Application of reagent-free methods to eliminate the causes of salt deposition in thermal systems on geothermal sources
Authors: Oskin S V , Korzhakov A V
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the problems associated with the formation of scale on equipment and communications in greenhouse complexes with geothermal heat sources. To prevent scale on the equipment and communications in greenhouse complexes, double-circuit geothermal heat supply systems with intermediate heat exchangers are used, in which fresh softened water is heated with geothermal heat, which is then supplied to consumer needs. In the existing system, the heat exchanger and primary circuit communications in contact with the geothermal coolant are subjected to scale formation. Currently, physical, chemical, biological and combined methods of descaling are used. The article presents the results of the research work on the use of reagent-free methods of treatment of geothermal waters at the enterprise CJSC "Raduga". As a result of the conducted research work, it was decided to install an acoustic-magnetic apparatus. A significant reduction in salt deposition was achieved by acoustic-magnetic treatment of geothermal water using an acoustic-magnetic apparatus. The greatest efficiency of water treatment is achieved by combining ultrasound with a magnetic rotating field. Studies have shown that the acoustic-magnetic treatment of water allows one not only to protect effectively the metal from corrosion, but also to remove salt deposits and corrosion products in a heat supply system. Patents of the Russian Federation were obtained for the method of water treatment presented in the article.
The thermal model of winter aggregation of bees
Authors: Oskin S V , Tsokur D S , Sultanov G A , Kudryavtseva A A
Published: May 2020

For successful competition of the Russian beekeepers in the world honey market it is necessary to concentrate their attention on production of separate grades of this product. The most expensive honey is produced in spring and therefore it is necessary that the bees were successful in winter. The use of electric heating of bee hives does not always have a positive effect on the safety of bees in winter. In this regard, it is necessary to study more carefully the complex biological formation - winter bee hives. There were the basic equations for determining the physical parameters of the bee family in winter, including the energy characteristic. The established equations were included in the mathematical models describing the parameters of the microclimate. Mathematical processing of the obtained thermophysical model was carried out in the Comsol software product, which confirmed the validity of the use of the main functional dependencies and allowed to see the critical zones of the hive in temperature and humidity. Despite the large temperature changes outside the hive, it is maintained a fairly stable positive temperature at the level of +25°C to + 32°C inside. Such temperatures are not dangerous for bees. The images of temperature fields obtained in the course of mathematical processing confirm the assumptions that the lowest temperatures are in the lower part of the hive, and the higher ones are in the upper part. The results of the simulation will be used to determine the optimal power supply to electric heaters and to the place of their installation.
The influence of the working bodies of a single-disk centrifugal apparatus on the range of nitrogen fertilizer particles
Authors: Priporov E V
Published: May 2020

The results of studies of blade shape influence on the particles flight range are presented. There are three forms of blades of a single-disc centrifugal apparatus. They are rectangular shape, the rectangular trapezium shape and the isosceles trapezium shape. The rectangular trapezium and the rectangular shapes define a downward trajectory, and the isosceles trapezium shape defines an upward trajectory of the particles free flight. The particles flight range created by blades of a rectangular shape is less than that of the isosceles blade shape. However, the rectangular blade shape sets the trajectory of a free flight less affected by wind speed. The installation of a limiting ring on the blades of the centrifugal apparatus increases the particles flight range.
Bionic modelling of the working bodies of machines for surface tillage
Authors: Babitsky L F , Sobolevsky I V , Kuklin V A
Published: May 2020

The article presents the methods and results of bionic modeling in agricultural mechanics, which made it possible to justify models of working bodies adapted to the soil environment: a tillage ring-cutting roller using modeling of a digging foot of the rhinoceros beetle; a spring soil leveler, where the burrowing limbs of the mole cricket (Gryllotalpa) are used; a stubble cultivator, in the likeness of the forms of a burrowing limb of the scarab beetle (Scarabaeus). The analysis of the results of the tests shows that all the models of working bodies of machines for surface tillage, created by the method of bionic modeling, show a significant decrease in traction resistance in comparison with serial working bodies.
Analysis of promising methods of irrigation and melioration techniques of crops in arid climate
Authors: Tokarev K E , Rogachev A F , Protsyuk M P , Rudenko A Yu , Chernyavsky A N , Tokareva Yu M
Published: May 2020

The paper discusses the problems of optimal regulation of soil water regime under crops. In particular, the water regime of the soil and the experience of irrigation of crops in the conditions of the arid climate of the Lower Volga region are analyzed and promising methods of irrigation and irrigation techniques of crops, including potatoes, are also considered. The conducted research allows us to analyze and summarize the accumulated experience of growing potatoes under irrigation conditions, as well as formulate a number of General provisions for improving the efficiency of reclamation in a dry climate. In addition, studies have shown that despite the high price of irrigation systems, the use of sprinkling is cost-effective in the Southern regions of Russia, where the temperature factor is one of the reasons for the decline in the potato crop. In contrast to mobile machines, stationary sprinkler irrigation systems provide flexible regulation of the irrigation rate and optimal watering frequency. It is noted that another important advantage of sprinkler irrigation is the possibility of using it for processing crops with direct and systemic pesticides. Observations made in experiments have shown that the use of pesticides and sprinkler irrigation makes it possible to virtually eliminate the possibility of various diseases in plants.
The principles of spatial data organization of distribution power networks in geographic information systems
Authors: Khorolsky V Y , Yarosh V A , Burlyaeva V A , Privalov E E , Kobozev V A
Published: May 2020

Spatial data in geographic information systems is organized in various ways. The first method is the principle of layer-by-layer organization of information (it is often called classical), the second is based on the object approach. The choice of models and methods of organizing data in geographic information systems is much more important than the choice of software package since it directly determines many of the functionality of geographic information systems. Some functions are either not implemented for certain ways of organizing data or they are provided by complex manipulations. The article discusses how to organize spatial data for presentation in geographic information systems. The analysis, comparison and justification of the use of an object-oriented method of representing spatial data for the display of rural distribution electric networks in geographic information systems are carried out. The structure of the “object tree” of the supporting scheme of the overhead line of 6-10 kV is proposed.
Wind Turbine Technology: A Strategy to Mitigate Air Pollution through Utilising Wind Energy
Authors: Saad Mohammad , Abakr Yousif Abdalla , Mustapha Khameel Bayo
Published: May 2020

The drive to increase the implementation of alternative sustainable sources is a continuous challenge. The rising awareness of environmental impacts has led the public to demand the development of eco-friendly and dependable long-term solutions. Wind energy is acknowledged as among the best renewable energy sources with proven capabilities. The key contributing factor in defining the harnessing effectiveness is the wind availability and efficiency of the wind turbines at the specific wind conditions. But due to the non-uniform wind distribution and the limitations of the existing wind turbines at low wind speeds, countries with lower wind speed are still far away from exploiting wind energy.

According to the World Energy Commission, the use of one million kWh of wind power can save 600 tons of CO2 emission. An examination into current energy data for Malaysia indicates that only 0.23% of the wind and solar power combined is employed for electricity production as of 2017. This is due to very low wind speed in this region throughout the year. It is also a leading factor to air-pollutants being suspended in the atmosphere for a longer period. It will impact an imbalance in the environmental conditions, such as acid rain, global warming, rise in sea-level and fluctuating sea levels.

This paper reports an investigation into the potential impact of utilizing the advantages of wind energy technology in low speed wind regions as an air-pollutant free energy source, to contribute to the overall reduction of the Air Pollutant Index (API) in localized, impacted areas of Malaysia. This research conducted presents the strategy to utilize low speed wind turbines to decrease air pollution while the system is either On-grid or Off-grid.
Cross-boundary aerosols: a case study of aerosol problem in Bangkok during January-February, 2019
Authors: Janjai S , Pattarapanitchai S , Buntoung S , Masiri I , Tohsing K , Phoman J
Published: May 2020

The event of high concentration of aerosols in Bangkok and its suburb during January-February, 2019 was investigated using ground and satellite-based data. The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) was also used for the investigation. The results from the investigation implied that the presence of high concentration of aerosols in Bangkok and its suburb during that period was likely due to the cross-boundary aerosols produced from biomass-burning in Cambodia.
Modelling of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change and Its Impact On Local Climate of Klang River Basin
Authors: Azari M , Billa L , Chan A
Published: May 2020

Land-use and land-cover (LULC) change has significant effect on local climate variables such as temperature and rainfall as it alters the energy budget, water budget and atmospheric variables. Past studies have shown urban areas can result in high temperature and alter rainfall amounts and intensity. This study therefore looks at spatio-temporal change in land-use/land-cover, and trends in precipitation and temperature for the Klang river basin. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of these changes in land-use on precipitation and temperature trends. Precipitation data was tested using the Mann-Kendall statistics test. Precipitation amount and two precipitation indices (simple day intensity index (SDII) and R95p) for the full year period and both the monsoons and inter-monsoon periods are tested. For temperature, land surface temperature maps of the study area for the years 1999, 2006 and 2017 was created from the thermal band of the images. Remote sensing is used for modelling spatio-temporal changes in LULC of Klang river basin using multi-temporal LandSat dataset (1999, 2006, and 2017). The LULC modelling shows an increase in urban area of 51.5% from 1999-2017, and decrease in natural vegetation 17.6% and cultivated land 35%. The results of precipitation analysis show a mixture of both positive (increasing) and negative (decreasing) trends for stations in the study area, and for temperature there is an increase of 10.1 °C in maximum temperature from 1999-2017. The correlation test shows a positive correlation between precipitation and temperature, but the relationship is not significant. The LULC change has significant impact on temperature; however, the increasing temperature has an insignificant positive correlation with rainfall. This could indicate that the change in rainfall is mostly due to other factors.
Statistical Forecast Applied to Two Macao Air Monitoring Stations
Authors: Lei M , Monjardino J , Mendes L , Gonçalves D , Ferreira F
Published: May 2020

The levels of air pollution in Macao often exceeded the levels recommended by WHO. In order for the population to take precautionary measures and avoid further health risks under high pollutant exposure, it is important to develop a reliable air quality forecast. Statistical models based on multiple regression (MR) analysis were developed successfully for Macao to predict the next day concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and NO2. All the developed models were statistically significantly valid with a 95% confidence level with high coefficients of determination (from 0.89 to 0.92) for all pollutants. The models utilized meteorological and air quality variables based on five years of historical data, from 2013 to 2017. The data from 2013 to 2016 were used to develop the statistical models and data from 2017 were used for validation purposes. A wide range of meteorological and air quality variables were identified, and only some were selected as significant dependent variables. Meteorological variables were selected from an extensive list of variables, including geopotential height, relative humidity, atmospheric stability, and air temperature at different vertical levels. Air quality variables translate the resilience of the recent past concentrations of each pollutant and usually are maximum and/or the average of latest 24-hour levels. The models were applied in forecasting the next day average daily concentrations for PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 for the air quality monitoring stations. The results are expected to be an operational air quality forecast for Macao.
Time series forecasting of ozone levels in the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, Mexico
Authors: Iglesias-González S , Huertas M , Hernández-Paniagua I , Mendoza A
Published: May 2020

Based on the limitations of air quality models to forecast air pollution, statistical models are convenient and suitable tools to predict pollutant concentrations. This research work proposes a SARMA model to forecast ozone maxima concentrations in five sites of the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, Mexico. The design of the model includes diverse novel features: meteorological variables were considered as predictors, short-term ozone concentrations (4 times in the day) were forecasted, and appropriated transformations of meteorological parameters were included. The performance measures applied to assess the SARMA model demonstrated that this statistical model is reliable to predict short-term ozone concentrations and it is consistent with the general dynamics of the ozone formation in the metropolitan area.
Distinguish Potential Source Areas of PM2.5 and PM10 by Statistical Data Analysis
Authors: Sooktawee S , Kanchanasuta S , Boonyapitak S , Patpai A , Piemyai N
Published: May 2020

Power plant from biomass in community area has been complained as emission source of many pollutants such as wastewater, noise, odor and polluted air. For air pollution, total suspended particulate (TSP) and particulate matter less than 10 micron (PM10) from rice husk energy process is quite large. Roi Et is a province located in Northeast of Thailand which obtains power plants using rice husk as fuel in the process. According to the land-use pattern of the community area of Roi Et, it revealed that there are many sources of air pollution. This study selected the statistical techniques to distinguish the potential source area influencing the high concentrations of particulate matter less than 2.5 micron (PM2.5), particulate matter 2.5 to 10 micron (PMcoarse), and PM10 which caused the health effects of people around the rice husk power plants. Hourly observed PM10 and PM2.5 data were analysed by time series and bivariate polar plot. Results showed that increasing the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 were observed in the duration of low wind speed. However, daily average of PM10 was not more than National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) which is 120 μg/m3. In contrast, results showed that daily average of PM2.5 performed over NAAQS of 50 μg/m3 in the 20th -22nd December 2018 that high pressure cover Thailand. While sources of these particulate matters could be distinguished into 3 potential areas based on the mobile air quality monitoring station location which were 1) east side and 2) north-west side which regarded as sub-urban and traffic areas, respectively and 3) north-east side which regarded as power plants area. Results revealed that PMcoarse was the major pollutant dispersed from the Northeast direction that the power plants were the major source. Whereas traffic and community were the main sources of PM2.5 coming from the East and the Northwest direction of the mobile air quality monitoring station point. Therefore, discrimination of each point source could be done first before implementing to control and manage the air pollution effectively.
Public perceptions of air pollution and its health impacts in Greater Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Chang F.J. , Ashfold M. J.
Published: May 2020

Air pollution is a globally pervasive health hazard but the risks it poses can be overlooked by the public. To explore the significance of this problem in Greater Kuala Lumpur (KL), Malaysia, we conducted a survey of the public (n = 165). We found (1) an appreciation for the importance of motor vehicles as a source of air pollution; (2) little reported engagement with the official Air Pollution Index (API); (3) a lack of awareness of the long-term health effects of air pollution and (4) reports of a substantial impact of air pollution on day-to-day life. While our survey sample is not representative of the population of Greater KL, our findings are broadly consistent with those of others and underscore a need for improved communication to the public of risks posed by air pollution. Tightened standards underlying the Malaysian API and improved dissemination of real-time air quality updates may be important opportunities to achieve this.
Sensitivity of WRF-Chem model resolution in simulating tropospheric ozone in Southeast Asia
Authors: Adedeji A R , Dagar L , Petra M I , Silva L C De
Published: May 2020

In this paper, WRF-Chem model response to horizontal resolution has been presented in simulating tropospheric ozone distribution during an intense biomass burning across Southeast Asia. Model resolution is varied between 100 km and 20 km. Enhanced fire emissions were also considered in the 20 km resolution simulation. Evaluations were made against observed meteorology such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction. Spatio-temporal distribution of ozone precursors such as NO2 and CO at the surface retrieved from OMI and MOPITT instruments respectively, were compared against model outputs. Ozonesonde datasets for ozone profile from SHADOZ campaign at Watukosek-Java, Hanoi and Kuala Lumpur were used in evaluating simulated results. All the model simulations adequately represented the observed meteorology. Except in Watukosek-Java where ozone levels were overrepresented, the levels in other locations such as Kuala Lumpur and Hanoi were captured adequately. For model simulations using low-resolution, high-resolution and high-resolution with enhanced fire emissions in Hanoi, Kuala Lumpur and Watukosek-Java region, normalized bias factors are around -0.06, 0.14 and 0.22; 0.01, 0.28 and 0.18, and; 1.20, 3.36 and 3.21, respectively. Normalized root mean square error obtained is as low as 0.09 in Hanoi, and as high as 1.02 in Watukosek-Java region.
A Hybrid Approach to Representing Chessboard using Bitboard and Compact Chessboard Representation
Authors: Bimonugroho Sigit Kariagil , Maulidevi Nur Ulfa
Published: May 2020

A chess engine is a computer program that can perform position analysis in chess and take which are the most optimal move. The main process in a chess engine can be divided into three: move generation, searching, and evaluation. Each of these processes are interrelated and require efficient board representation methods. Some methods of representation from previous research are efficient in some processes but less efficient in others. This study proposes an efficient representation method with a hybrid approach, which combines Compact Chessboard Representation (C.C.R) and bitboard representation. The C.C.R method is used in move generation and searching processes to reach conciseness, and bitboard representation method is used in the evaluation process to make it faster. The result of the movement validity test for the hybrid representation method shows the move generation is valid, and a hybrid-based chess engine also can do searching and evaluation faster than a pure C.C.R based chess engine.
Predicting Macronutrient of Baby Food using Near-infrared Spectroscopy and Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Aulia M N , Khodra M L , Koesoema A P
Published: May 2020

—In Indonesia, malnutrition and overnutrition can still be found especially among children and toddlers who are supposed to get adequate nutrition. The cause of malnutrition is inadequate nutrition intake, both in terms of the quantity and quality of the food. Therefore, mothers need to know whether the food consumed by children has reached the specified nutrition intake recommendation. This research develops a system to predict macronutrient content in baby food using Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to obtain the spectral profile of the food and Deep Learning approach such as Deep-belief network (DBN) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to build the prediction model. We used instant-porridge scan data from SCiO to build the model. CNN managed to give the best performance with error for carbohydrate, protein and fat 11.70%, 26.14% and 28.72% respectively.
Establishing the Syntactic Rules of the Kankana-ey Dialect using TensorFlow
Authors: Cabilitazan Angeli A. , Ingosan Jeffrey S. , Irabagon Jason , Jacinto Philip Irving G. , Lam Jan Jefferson O.
Published: May 2020

Kankana-ey is a widely used dialect in the northern region of the Philippines. Unfortunately, there are documented studies on the syntactic rules of this dialect. This study explored the development of a corpus for the Kankana-ey dialect. Further, the corpus was then used to establish the syntactic rules of Kankana-ey. A Kankana-ey version of the bible, dictionaries, news articles, songs and various online resources were used to collect words for the corpus of the Kankana-ey dialect. These identified words were also tagged using the parts of speech tags of the Penn TreeBank. Using the corpus and TensorFlow, 320 Kankana-ey sentences were analysed to determine the syntactic rules. In addition, 80 sentences were used to test the accuracy of the identified rules. At the end of the study, the created corpus has 3,412 tagged Kankana-ey words, while the analysis of the syntactic rules resulted to 1,722 rules. Testing also showed a 60% accuracy of the syntactic rules. In conclusion, the high number of identified rules from the 320 sentences was due to multiple Kankana-ey words having different possible tags. This also resulted to the low accuracy of the syntactic rules.