bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of machine learning methods for automated detection of network intrusions
Authors: Babicheva M. V. , Tretyakov I. A.
Published: May 2023

Objective. Development of automated network attack detection systems capable of adapting to the ever-changing nature of network attacks and new types of threats. Such systems should be based on machine learning algorithms and models that are able to identify complex dependencies between data in the learning process.

Method. To train the models, a sample with signs of normal and abnormal traffic was prepared, and it was thinned and balanced as a result of preliminary statistical analysis. Five machine learning algorithms were selected and tested, both on a training set of features and on a real test set obtained experimentally. Based on the results of the experiments, a random forest classifier was selected, which showed the best results.

Result. A model for detecting network intrusions has been developed, which showed a detection accuracy of 0.99 on real traffic.

Conclusion. It is shown that a machine learning-based network intrusion detection system can solve the problem of flexible protection that could adapt to the ever-changing nature of network attacks, since one of the most important advantages of machine learning in detecting network intrusions is the ability to learn the signs of attacks and identify cases that are uncharacteristic of those that were observed earlier.
Problems of information technology support for implementation BIM concepts
Authors: Malyavkina L. I. , Savina A. G. , Savin D. A.
Published: May 2023

Objective. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current level of development of the digital infrastructure of the urban planning sector, to identify the features of information technology support for the implementation of the BIM concept at the stages of the life cycle of the CCS and the functionality presented on the national market of solutions that support BIM technology.

 Method. Within the framework of the study, the methods of logical, structural, comparative, system analysis were used; modeling and graphical presentation of results.

Result. It has been established that in the current period, most companies in the Russian architecture and construction industry are considering the transition to a fully integrated BIM as a long-term development format. An objective obstacle to a quick transition is the complexity of complex IT support for BIM processes and the level of current development of digital infrastructure. It has been established that the priority direction for the development of the IT industry in the context of ensuring the implementation of the BIM concept is the formation of a single ecosystem of Russian BIM software. Along with the need to develop competitive Russian software products, ensuring their interoperability and standardization of data exchange formats are highlighted as the main problems. The key parameters for assigning a software product to the BIM group are determined, the levels of maturity of the BIM data exchange process are identified, and approaches to the organization of exchange processes are considered.

Conclusion. The proposed criteria for classifying software products as solutions that support the BIM concept can be used in the formation of functional requirements for the developed import-independent software products. The interpretation of the interoperability reference model in relation to BIM technology can be used to develop the integration capabilities of BIM tools in a single information technology environment of general data, and also become a methodological basis for creating an open national data exchange standard.
The Effects of Online Health Information–Seeking Behavior on Sexually Transmitted Disease in China: Infodemiology Study of the Internet Search Queries
Authors: Li Xuan , Tang Kun
Published: May 2023

Background

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a serious issue worldwide. With the popularity of the internet, online health information-seeking behavior (OHISB) has been widely adopted to improve health and prevent disease.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the short-term and long-term effects of different types of OHISBs on STDs, including syphilis, gonorrhea, and AIDS due to HIV, based on the Baidu index.

Methods

Multisource big data were collected, including case numbers of STDs, search queries based on the Baidu index, provincial total population, male-female ratio, the proportion of the population older than 65 years, gross regional domestic product (GRDP), and health institution number data in 2011-2018 in mainland China. We categorized OHISBs into 4 types: concept, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. Before and after controlling for socioeconomic and medical conditions, we applied multiple linear regression to analyze associations between the Baidu search index (BSI) and Baidu search rate (BSR) and STD case numbers. In addition, we compared the effects of 4 types of OHISBs and performed time lag cross-correlation analyses to investigate the long-term effect of OHISB.

Results

The distributions of both STD case numbers and OHISBs presented variability. For case number, syphilis, and gonorrhea, cases were mainly distributed in southeastern and northwestern areas of China, while HIV/AIDS cases were mostly distributed in southwestern areas. For the search query, the eastern region had the highest BSI and BSR, while the western region had the lowest ones. For 4 types of OHISB for 3 diseases, the BSI was positively related to the case number, while the BSR was significantly negatively related to the case number (P<.05). Different categories of OHISB have different effects on STD case numbers. Searches for prevention tended to have a larger impact, while searches for treatment tended to have a smaller impact. Besides, due to the time lag effect, those impacts would increase over time.

Conclusions

Our study validated the significant associations between 4 types of OHISBs and STD case numbers, and the impact of OHISBs on STDs became stronger over time. It may provide insights into how to use internet big data to better achieve disease surveillance and prevention goals.
Assessing Disparities in Video-Telehealth Use and eHealth Literacy Among Hospitalized Patients: Cross-sectional Observational Study
Authors: Cheng Jessica , Arora Vineet M , Kappel Nicole , Vollbrecht Hanna , Meltzer David O , Press Valerie
Published: May 2023

Background

Medicare coverage for audio-only telehealth is slated to end this year after the public health emergency concludes. When the time comes, many patients may be unable to make the transition from audio-only to video telehealth due to digital inexperience. This study explores the second digital divide within video telehealth use, which is primarily characterized by skills and capabilities rather than access, by measuring eHealth literacy (eHL) and video capabilities in hospitalized patients.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate video capabilities, eHealth literacy, and engagement with video telehealth among hospitalized patients.

Methods

The study design is a cross-sectional observational study of adult inpatients at the University of Chicago Medical Center. We assessed self-reported rates of audio versus video telehealth usage as well as the participants’ self-reported willingness to use video telehealth for future health care visits. We used a multivariable binary logistic regression to determine the odds ratio for being unwilling to use video telehealth, adjusted for age, sex, race or ethnicity, educational level, eHL literacy scale (eHEALS), health literacy (brief health literacy screen), technology access, internet access, and video capability.

Results

Of the 297 enrolled participants, median age was 58 years, most (n=185, 62%) identified as Black, half (n=149, 50%) were female, one-quarter (n=66, 22%) lacked home internet access, and one-third (n=102, 34%) had inadequate eHL.

Conclusions

Patients with low eHL reported greater participation in audio-only telehealth over video telehealth, of which the former may lose its flexible pandemic reimbursement policy. This may widen the existing health disparities as older adults and patients with low eHL face challenges in accessing video telehealth services. Low eHL is associated with lack of web-based skills, lower rates of video telehealth usage, and lower willingness to use video technology. The study results raise the question of how to improve video capability among patients who, despite having access to smartphones and laptops, face challenges in using telehealth optimally.
Applications of Natural Language Processing for the Management of Stroke Disorders: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: De Rosario Helios , Pitarch-Corresa Salvador , Pedrosa Ignacio , Vidal-Pedrós Marina , de Otto-López Beatriz , García-Mieres Helena , Álvarez-Rodríguez Lydia
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have heightened the interest of the medical community in its application to health care in general, in particular to stroke, a medical emergency of great impact. In this rapidly evolving context, it is necessary to learn and understand the experience already accumulated by the medical and scientific community.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this scoping review was to explore the studies conducted in the last 10 years using NLP to assist the management of stroke emergencies so as to gain insight on the state of the art, its main contexts of application, and the software tools that are used.

METHODS

Data were extracted from Scopus and Medline through PubMed, using the keywords “natural language processing” and “stroke.” Primary research questions were related to the phases, contexts, and types of textual data used in the studies. Secondary research questions were related to the numerical and statistical methods and the software used to process the data. The extracted data were structured in tables and their relative frequencies were calculated. The relationships between categories were analyzed through multiple correspondence analysis.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine papers were included in the review, with the majority being cohort studies of ischemic stroke published in the last 2 years. The majority of papers focused on the use of NLP to assist in the diagnostic phase, followed by the outcome prognosis, using text data from diagnostic reports and in many cases annotations on medical images. The most frequent approach was based on general machine learning techniques applied to the results of relatively simple NLP methods with the support of ontologies and standard vocabularies. Although smaller in number, there has been an increasing body of studies using deep learning techniques on numerical and vectorized representations of the texts obtained with more sophisticated NLP tools.

CONCLUSIONS

Studies focused on NLP applied to stroke show specific trends that can be compared to the more general application of artificial intelligence to stroke. The purpose of using NLP is often to improve processes in a clinical context rather than to assist in the rehabilitation process. The state of the art in NLP is represented by deep learning architectures, among which Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers has been found to be especially widely used in the medical field in general, and for stroke in particular, with an increasing focus on the processing of annotations on medical images.
Digital Methods for the Spiritual and Mental Health of Generation Z: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Park Susanna Y , Do Bridgette , Yourell Jacqlyn , Hermer Janice , Huberty Jennifer
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Generation Z (Gen Z) includes individuals born between 1995 and 2012. These individuals experience high rates of anxiety and depression. Most Gen Z individuals identify with being spiritual, and aspects from religion and spirituality can be integrated into mental health treatment and care as both are related to lower levels of depression. However, research on the spiritual and mental health of Gen Z is sparse. To date, there are no systematic or scoping reviews on digital methods to address the spiritual and mental health of Gen Z.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aimed to describe the current state of digital methods to address spiritual and mental health among Gen Z, identify the knowledge gaps, and make suggestions for how to leverage digital spiritual and mental health interventions for Gen Z.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Education Full Text, Google Scholar, SocIndex, and Sociological Abstracts. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) study population born between 1995 and 2012 (ie, Gen Z); (2) reporting on spiritual health or well-being, spirituality or religion, and mental health or well-being; (3) reporting on using digital methods; (4) publication in 1996 or beyond; (5) human subject research; (6) full text availability in English; (7) primary research study design; and (8) peer-reviewed article. Two authors screened articles and subsequently extracted data from the included articles to describe the available evidence.

RESULTS

A total of 413 articles were screened at the title and abstract levels, of which 27 were further assessed with full text for eligibility. Five studies met the inclusion criteria, and data were extracted to summarize study characteristics and findings. The studies were performed across 4 different countries. There were 2 mixed-methods studies (South Africa and Canada), 2 cross-sectional studies (China and United States), and 1 randomized controlled trial (United States). Of these studies, only 2 discussed digital interventions (a text messaging–based intervention to improve spiritual and mental health, and a feasibility study for a mental health app). Other studies had a digital component with minor or unclear spiritual and mental health measures. Overall, there was a lack of consistency in how spiritual and mental health were measured.

CONCLUSIONS

Few studies have focused on assessing the spiritual and mental health of Gen Z in the digital context, and no research to date has examined a digital spiritual and mental health application among Gen Z. Research is needed to inform the development and evaluation of approaches to address the spiritual and mental health of Gen Z via digital means (eg, mobile apps).
A Comparative Study on The Effect of Cooking Methods on The Nutritional Contents of Ripe and Unripe Plantain (Musa Paradisiaca)
Authors: Nwawuba Stanley Udogadi , Onyenibe Nwozo Sarah
Published: May 2023

Plantains are conventionally consumed either after boiling, steaming, roasting or frying which are there major cooking methods employed in the utilization in Nigeria.  Method of preparation and cooking could either reduce or improve the nutrient quality of foods. Thus the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of cooking methods on the nutritional content of ripe and unripe plantain. Ripe and unripe plantain was obtained and divided into four (4) portions; raw which served as the control, boiled, fried and roasted. Analysis of the proximate, vitamin and mineral content of the samples were carried out using standard methods and our result revealed that boiling as a cooking method significantly retained the levels of minerals, vitamins and proximate composition of ripe and unripe plantain relative to frying and roasting. In conclusion we recommend that boiling should be predominately employed during cooking of neither ripe nor unripe plantain.
Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Cold Brew Process to Develop Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Caffeine-Rich Coffee Beverage
Authors: Putro Andika Wicaksono , Zulkarnaen Fahmi Maulana , Sari Aryudiana , Anggrahini Sri , Setyaningsih Widiastuti
Published: May 2023

Ultrasound-assisted cold brew (UACB) method emerged as a solution of a long brew traditional cold brew method in coffee. Apart from the particular taste and odor, cold brew coffee contains a number of phenolic (TPC), flavonoid compounds (TFC), and caffeine. The level of these compounds in the drinks is strongly influenced by various factors related to extraction process, such as extraction temperature (x1: 4 and 25 °C), time (x2: 5,15, and 25 min), UAE duty cycle (x3: 20, 50, and 80 s-1), and grind size (x4: coarse and medium). Based on the TPC, TFC, and caffeine contents, the optimum condition was at 25 °C for 25 min with 80 s-1 UAE duty cycle and medium coffee grind size: with 2.40 ± 0.11 mg GAE/mL, 1.69 ± 0.05 mg RE/mL, and 1.10 ± 0.02 mg caffeine/mL, respectively. Compared with the traditional cold brew method, only the TPC and caffeine content were significantly lower than the UACB method (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the TPC and TFC were stable in 7-day refrigerator storage (p > 0.05). The IC50 values of UACB coffee were 7,487 mg/L for DPPH assay and 64,113 mg/L for ABTS assay.
Carrying Capacity Based on Ecosystem Services for Biodiversity Conservation in the Petungkriyono Essential Ecosystem Area Candidate
Authors: Ambarwati Nurwidya , Hastuti Dwi , Wijayanti Faida Lies Rahayu
Published: May 2023

The Petungkriyono protected and production forests qualified for the Essential Ecosystem Area (EEA). Perhutani manages the area, covering approximately ±7,683.33 hectares, with 80% being secondary natural forests and the habitat for endangered flora and fauna. This research aimed to analyze the suitability of Petungkriyono EEA for biodiversity preservation, protection, sustainable use, and ecosystem restoration using carrying capacity based on ecosystem services (CCES). This research used a participatory approach and expert opinion with a weighting sum on land cover and landscape variables. The results showed that approximately 74.12% of the Petungkriyono AAE candidate had high and very high CCES classes and were suitable for biodiversity and area protection priorities. Meanwhile, 14.35% was in a low class and suitable for ecosystem restoration and sustainable use priorities.
Local Resources-Based Community Empowerment Model to Achieve Food Security at the Indonesian Border Community of North Sebatik
Authors: Suryana Nia Kurniasih , Mulyani Sekar Inten , Hendris Hendris
Published: May 2023

Many scholars now see border areas to have a srategic value. They are no longer seen as the backyard of a country but the front yard that must be seen well developed. Therefore border communities must be empowered to be independent from neighboring countries. These include efforts to increase these independence through community empowerment. Community empowerment can increase the independence and welfare of the community through increasing knowledge, attitudes/behaviors, skills, abilities, awareness, and utilization of resources. Throughthe process, it is expected that human resources capacity will increase in food security. How the efforts to empower border communities adopt local resources, instead of a top down approach, however needs forther exploration. This research aims to asses the effects of human and natural capitals in formulating local resources-based Community empowerment model in the sector of food security. This research was conducted in the North Sebatik district, Nunukan regency with 65 sample of farmers selected through simple random sampling techniques. Primary and secondary data were collected through field observations, direct interviews, questionnaire distribution, and information obtained from official government agencies. This research uses human capital, nature capital, and social capital as dependent variables, and community empowerment and food security as independent variables. The analysis method applied Partial Least Square (PLS) by using software WarpPLS 5.0. The results of the research showed that human capital must go through an empowerment process to increase human quality. Natural capital must also go through an empowerment process, as human quality without supported nature resources cannot improve capacity to achieve food security. Social capital must also go through an empowerment process. Community empowerment has an impact on food security, as it can manage existing resources to create and improve household income through locally-based agricultural activities to achieve food security
Effect of 4% and 15% moringa leaf extract gel on gingival wound healing in rats
Authors: Ramadhany Eka Pramudita , Ambarawati I Gusti Agung Dyah , Musyaffa Muhammad Rafif
Published: May 2023

Traumatic dental procedures such as incisions and gingival flaps are the leading causes of injury to the gingival structure. One of natural ingredients that can potentially accelerate the wound healing process is Moringa leaves Moringa oleifera). Moringa leaf has several active compounds, one of which is flavonoids, which can be an antiinflammatory and antibacterial agent, and increase collagen synthesis. A randomized posttest-only control-group design was used in this study. 48 wistar rats were categorized into four groups: CMC-Na gel, hyaluronic acid, 4% Moringa leaf extract gel, and 15% Moringa leaf extract gel. The samples were then euthanized on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The two-way ANOVA test described significant differences (p < 0.05) for all the components of the observation (neutrophils, fibroblasts, angiogenesis, and epithelial thickness). The lowest mean number of neutrophils, the highest mean number of fibroblasts, and the highest mean of angiogenesis were found in the 15% Moringa extract group on the 7th day. The highest mean epithelial thickness was found in the use of 4% Moringa extract on the 5thday. The microscopic images showed that the treatment group gained more effective wound healing processes than the control group. The microscopic image showed that, in terms of neutrophils, fibroblasts, and angiogenesis, 15% Moringa extract was more effective for wound healing compared to 4% Moringa extract.
Differences in Candida Albicans hydrophobicity and biofilm formation between thermoplastic nylon and polyether-ether-ketone denture base materials
Authors: Ismiyati Titik
Published: May 2023

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and thermoplastics nylon are extensively composed as an alternative material for removable denture base. The primary difference between the two materials is associated with water absorption properties. The two materials interact with saliva and microorganisms during application in the oral cavity. Candida is predominantly reported in the cavity. The microorganism is distinguished by its hydrophobicity and ability to form biofilms. The objective of this study was to determine the differences between thermoplastic nylon and polyether-ether-ketone as removable denture materials in terms of hydrophobicity and Candida albicans biofilms. It is a laboratory experiment using 20 5 x 2 mm samples for the hydrophobicity test and Candida albicans biofilm. The hydrophobicity test was performed by determining the contact angle with a Goniometer and the WinDrop++ software. The biofilm test samples were divided into 4 groups, encompassing PEG 5% (negative control), PEEK treatment, thermoplastics nylon, and 0.12% chlorhexidine (control positive). The microdilution method was employed to examine biofilm formation. The results of the study were interpreted, and the data were analyzed by employing the t test. The research discovered significant differences in biofilm formation, large contact angle on PEEK and thermoplastics nylon (p < 0.05). Biofilm formation on thermoplastics is significantly larger than PEEK (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the contact angles of PEEK and thermoplastic nylon are incorporated in the partially wetted. Polyetheretherketone is involved in the non-producers of biofilms while thermoplastic nylon is categorized in of weak biofilm formers.
Comparison Effect of Leaves and Bark Extract of Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra), Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan), and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) to Reduce Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation
Authors: Utami Trianna Wahyu , Ekananda Bernadetha Nathania , Anjani Yasmin Regita , Listyarifah Dyah , Nur Asikin , Syahbudin Atus
Published: May 2023

To evaluate the effect of eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaf and bark extract on the percentage of S. mutans biofilm formation. The test group was divided into a negative control (1% Dimethyl sulfoxide), a treatment group (eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaves and bark at concentrations of 50%, 25%, and 12.5%, respectively), and a positive control (0.2% chlorhexidine). Each concentration of eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaves and barks extract, Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI-B), bacteria according to the McFarland 0.5 standard, a positive control, and a negative control were added to a 96-well microplate. They were incubated at 37 °C for twenty-four hours before being rinsed with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and stained with 0.1% crystal violet. The optical density was then measured using a microplate reader with a 540 nm wavelength. The absorbance value is then factored into the percentage of bacterial adhesion inhibition formula. A statistical test revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the percentage of inhibition between the three extracts of leaves and bark and the negative control group (1% DMSO). There is a significant difference between all leaves and barks concentration and the positive control group except the 50% concentration of sappan leaf group and 50% concentration of cinnamon leaf group. The sappan leaf and cinnamon leaf at 50% concentration exhibit no significant difference (p > 0.05) with the positive control. Eucalyptus, sappan, cinnamon leaves and barks at a concentration of 50% demonstrated effectiveness of the extractant in inhibiting the formation of biofilm masses by S. mutans in comparison with the other group.
Aplikasi Tawk.to Sebagai Pendukung Layanan Perpustakaan di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Wirayuda I Made Indra
Published: May 2023

Kehadiran pandemi COVID-19 menuntut perpustakaan untuk berinovasi. Perpustakaan harus tetap menjadi sumber informasi bagi masyarakat khususnya para peneliti, dosen, dan pelajar. Perpustakaan telah mengalami banyak perubahan dari sisi pelayanannya. Mulai dari layanan secara manual yang belum terotomasi, hingga menjadi layanan digital. Perpustakaan yang sudah terotomasi dapat mengoptimalkan pelayanannya dengan mengimplementasikan teknologi berupa aplikasi komunikasi secara virtual. Hal tersebut dilakukan demi mendukung program pemerintah dalam membatasi kegiatan masyarakat untuk mengurangi bepergian ke luar rumah. Tawk.to merupakan salah satu aplikasi live chat online gratis yang dapat dipasang pada situs web perpustakaan. Manfaat dari penggunaan Tawk.to pada perpustakaan adalah sebagai alat komunikasi antara pemustaka dan pustakawan dalam menangani segala kendala yang dijumpai pemustaka selama memanfaatkan layanan digital. Tawk.to juga memiliki fitur analitis yang memudahkan perpustakaan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Aplikasi Tawk.to dapat diimplementasikan pada situs web perpustakaan sebagai salah satu solusi dalam mengoptimalkan layanan perpustakaan di masa pandemi COVID-19, dengan segala manfaat dan kekurangannya.
Inovasi Mobile Library untuk Mendukung Pembelajaran Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Adriyana Lasenta
Published: May 2023

Tahun 2020-2021 adalah masa transisi dari awal pandemi menuju ke era normal. Perpustakaan menjadi salah satu instansi yang terkena dampak pandemi Perpustakaan mengikuti kebijakan pemerintah dengan menerapkan pembatasan sosial dan  memberikan layanan online bagi mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran hasil analisis penggunaan mobile library STIKES Bhakti Husada Mulia. Mobile Library sebagai upaya perpustakaan dalam memberikan inovasi layanan terhadap mahasiswa selama masa pandemi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif pada pengguna mobile library STIKES Bhakti Husada Mulia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa terbantu dengan adanya mobile library, memudahkan dalam mendapat literatur. Mereka tidak harus datang langsung ke perpustakaan terutama pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir, untuk mendapatkan layanan koleksi yang diperlukan.
A Review of the Use of Genetic Engineering Practices and the Impact of Gene Editing in Healthcare and Biotechnology
Authors: Sarvananda L. , NLRK Meghana , Arosha K.P.L. , Palihaderu P.A.D.S , Premarathna Amal D
Published: May 2023

Genetic engineering is an integral approach to the development of new diagnostic techniques, drugs for human and animal diseases, foods for human health, development of tissues, and cells for xenotransplantation. The components of vaccine for disease control and nutraceuticals for human health provide proteins; peptides and other components may be an integral part of human life in the coming days. Genetically engineered animals also offer significant human health and environmental benefits; livestock becomes more efficient for converting feed to animal protein and reducing waste production, by imparting resistance to disease and good health. The techniques permit individuals or groups of genes to be isolated from large masses of DNA and produced in virtually unlimited quantities. Genetic engineering in animal production has a growing number of practical benefits, such as in the production of transgenic animal’s resistant to disease, increasing the productivity of animals, in the treatment of genetic disorders, and the production of vaccines.
Class A Orphans in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Alexander Stephen P.H. , Battey Jim , Benson Helen E. , Benya Richard V. , Bonner Tom I. , Davenport Anthony P. , Dhanachandra Singh Khuraijam , Eguchi Satoru , Harmar Anthony , Holliday Nick , Jensen Robert T. , Karnik Sadashiva , Kostenis Evi , Liew Wen Chiy , Monaghan Amy E. , Mpamhanga Chido , Neubig Richard , Pawson Adam J , Pin Jean-Philippe , Sharman Joanna L. , Spedding Michael , Spindel Eliot , Stoddart Leigh , Storjohann Laura , Thomas Walter G. , Tirupula Kalyan , Vanderheyden Patrick
Published: May 2023

Table 1 lists a number of putative GPCRs identified by NC-IUPHAR [161], for which preliminary evidence for an endogenous ligand has been published, or for which there exists a potential link to a disease, or disorder. These GPCRs have recently been reviewed in detail [121]. The GPCRs in Table 1 are all Class A, rhodopsin-like GPCRs. Class A orphan GPCRs not listed in Table 1 are putative GPCRs with as-yet unidentified endogenous ligands.Table 1: Class A orphan GPCRs with putative endogenous ligands GPR3GPR4GPR6GPR12GPR15GPR17GPR20 GPR22GPR26GPR31GPR34GPR35GPR37GPR39 GPR50GPR63GPR65GPR68GPR75GPR84GPR87 GPR88GPR132GPR149GPR161GPR183LGR4LGR5 LGR6MAS1MRGPRDMRGPRX1MRGPRX2P2RY10TAAR2 In addition the orphan receptors GPR18, GPR55 and GPR119 which are reported to respond to endogenous agents analogous to the endogenous cannabinoid ligands have been grouped together (GPR18, GPR55 and GPR119).
Adhesion Class GPCRs in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Arac-Ozkan Demet , Aust Gabriela , Bonner Tom I. , Cappallo-Obermann Heike , Formstone Caroline , Hamann Jörg , Harty Breanne , Heyne Henrike , Kirchhoff Christiane , Knapp Barbara , Krishnan Arunkumar , Langenhan Tobias , Le Duc Diana , Lin Hsi-Hsien , Martinelli David C. , Monk Kelly , Piao Xianhua , Prömel Simone , Schöneberg Torsten , Schiöth Helgi , Singer Kathleen , Stacey Martin , Ushkaryov Yuri , Wolfrum Uwe , Xu Lei
Published: May 2023

Adhesion GPCRs are structurally identified on the basis of a large extracellular region, similar to the Class B GPCR, but which is linked to the 7TM region by a GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domain [10] containing a GPCR proteolysis site (GPS). The N-terminal extracellular region often shares structural homology with adhesive domains (e.g. cadherins, immunolobulin, lectins) facilitating inter- and matricellular interactions and leading to the term adhesion GPCR [104, 418]. Several receptors have been suggested to function as mechanosensors [320, 288, 396, 38]. Cryo-EM structures of the 7-transmembrane domain of several adhesion GPCRs have been determined recently [292, 21, 403, 212, 300, 302, 431, 293]. The nomenclature of these receptors was revised in 2015 as recommended by NC-IUPHAR and the Adhesion GPCR Consortium [125].
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Heitman Laura H. , IJzerman Adriaan P. , McArdle Craig A. , Pawson Adam J
Published: May 2023

GnRH1 and GnRH2 receptors (provisonal nomenclature [39], also called Type I and Type II GnRH receptor, respectively [85]) have been cloned from numerous species, most of which express two or three types of GnRH receptor [85, 84, 114]. GnRH I (p-Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2) is a hypothalamic decapeptide also known as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, gonadoliberin, luliberin, gonadorelin or simply as GnRH. It is a member of a family of similar peptides found in many species [85, 84, 114] including GnRH II (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-His-Gly-Trp-Tyr-Pro-Gly-NH2 (which is also known as chicken GnRH-II). Receptors for three forms of GnRH exist in some species but only GnRH I and GnRH II and their cognate receptors have been found in mammals [85, 84, 114]. GnRH1 receptors are expressed by pituitary gonadotrophs, where they mediate the effects of GnRH on gonadotropin hormone synthesis and secretion that underpin central control of mammalian reproduction. GnRH analogues are used in assisted reproduction and to treat steroid hormone-dependent conditions [58]. Notably, agonists cause desensitization of GnRH-stimulated gonadotropin secretion and the consequent reduction in circulating sex steroids is exploited to treat hormone-dependent cancers of the breast, ovary and prostate [58]. GnRH1 receptors are selectively activated by GnRH I and all lack the COOH-terminal tails found in other GPCRs. GnRH2 receptors do have COOH-terminal tails and (where tested) are selective for GnRH II over GnRH I. GnRH2 receptors are expressed by some primates but not by humans [88]. Phylogenetic classifications divide GnRH receptors into three [85] or five groups [130] and highlight examples of gene loss through evolution, with humans retaining only one ancient gene. The structure of the GnRH1 receptor in complex with elagolix has been elucidated [133].
Histamine receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Chazot Paul , Cowart Marlon , Fukui Hiroyuki , Ganellin C. Robin , Gutzmer Ralf , Haas Helmut L. , Hill Stephen J. , Hills Rebecca , Leurs Rob , Levi Roberto , Liu Steve , Panula Pertti , Schunack Walter , Schwartz Jean-Charles , Seifert Roland , Shankley Nigel P. , Stark Holger , Thurmond Robin , Timmerman Henk , Young J. Michael
Published: May 2023

Histamine receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Histamine Receptors [80, 174]) are activated by the endogenous ligand histamine. Marked species differences exist between histamine receptor orthologues [80]. The human and rat H3 receptor genes are subject to significant splice variance [12]. The potency order of histamine at histamine receptor subtypes is H3 = H4 > H2 > H1 [174]. Some agonists at the human H3 receptor display significant ligand bias [183]. Antagonists of all 4 histamine receptors have clinical uses: H1 antagonists for allergies (e.g. cetirizine), H2 antagonists for acid-reflux diseases (e.g. ranitidine), H3 antagonists for narcolepsy (e.g. pitolisant/WAKIX; Registered) and H4 antagonists for atopic dermatitis (e.g. adriforant; Phase IIa) [174] and vestibular neuritis (AUV) (SENS-111 (Seliforant, previously UR-63325), entered and completed vestibular neuritis (AUV) Phase IIa efficacy and safety trials, respectively) [217, 8].
Grid Sychronization of Wind Based Microgrid
Authors: Lakshmi Dr. G. V. Naga , Srinika A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract: This paper presents the methods for synchronization of a wind based micro grid with main grid. The wind power is generated using the permanent magnet brushless DC generator (PMBLDCG) and the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) is executed with P&O (Perturb & Observe) approach to extract the maximum power from the wind generation. This power is fed to the AC load using a voltage source inverter (VSI) through the battery bank (BSS) at DC link. The control algorithm operates in standalone mode and grid connected mode. It can switch between islanded and grid connected modes seamlessly according to the wind conditions. In standalone mode, this wind power is fed to the load through a VSI, during low wind conditions; the battery discharges itself to fulfill the load demand. After that, the grid is connected to give power to the load during low wind conditions, and for this, control algorithm operates in grid connected mode. Therefore, the control algorithm switches from voltage control to current control mode to provide smooth synchronization and vice versa at de-synchronization. A MATLAB Simulink model is developed to simulate the system performance during wind variations and load, and during synchronization and de-synchronization.
Parkinson\'s Disease Detection Using Deep Learning Technique
Authors: I Kalaiyarasi. , P Amudha. , S Sivakumari.
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Parkinson’s Disease is a degenerative nervous system ailment primarily impacting middle-aged and older persons. Tremors, stiffness of the muscles, and slow, clumsy movement mark it. Parkinson's Disease is believed to be caused by genetic and environmental factors, while its precise cause is yet unclear. Levodopa can aid patients' quality of life and manage their symptoms, but there is no proven treatment for Parkinson's Disease. A unique deep-learning approach is developed to determine whether a person has PD based on premotor traits. This study has looked explicitly at several signs to identify PD at an early stage using spiral drawing. Measuring the changes in the handwritten spiral drawing allows for the early and accurate diagnosis of PD. Deep learning algorithms have been used to track the development of the illness and the effectiveness of treatment in PD patients in addition to diagnosis and prediction. By utilizing efficient treatments and medications, the findings will showcase how early illness detection can enhance a patient's life expectancy and enable them to live peacefully. One commonly utilized deep learning technique in PD research is Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). This work uses Modified Convolutional Neural Networks (MCNN) to predict the normal and abnormal of Parkinson's Disease. The complete model's performance after being trained on data from 36 patients was 96% overall accuracy, with average recall, precision, and f1 scores of 96.73%, 96.05%, and 96%, respectively.
Fraud Detection in Credit Card Automated System using ML with AWS SageMaker
Authors: Pujari Samrajya , Diwanji Kaveri , Malegaonkar Samarth , Shaikh Samreen , Bhosale Prof. Ashwini
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The article discusses the need for the widespread adoption of payment systems, which has been driven by advances in technology. However, the issue of fraud remains a major concern for financial institutions, as there is no one-size-fits-all approach to detecting and preventing fraudulent transactions. Machine learning has been identified as a potential solution to this problem, but it requires the development of a reliable automated system capable of handling large volumes of data in realtime. In the article, the author details the structure and setup of an automated fraud detection system for payment systems that relies on a web service hosted on the cloud. The deployment of this system is justified by utilizing Amazon Web Services as the platform, which includes Amazon Fraud Detector and Amazon A2I task type to authenticate and validate forecasts that are deemed high-risk. One instance of developing a system for detecting anomalies on Amazon DynamoDB streams is presented by utilizing AWS SageMaker, AWS Glue, and AWS Lambda. The software product aims to prevent and detect fraud in payment systems, with a rapid detection time and integration with various business institutions. The article also highlights the importance of developing a specific methodology for implementing the software product for fraud detection in payment systems.
Human Action Recognition using Deep Learning
Authors: Gaikwad Suhani , Ghodekar Rutuja , Gatkal Nikhil , Prayag Atharv
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The aim of this project is to recognize human actions for monitoring and security purposes. This project is mainly focused on building a system that is helpful for doctors to monitor patients .Human Action Recognition is required to recognize a set of human activities by training a supervised learning model and displaying the activity/action result as per the input action received. It has wide range of applications such as patient monitoring system, ATM/ Bank security system, etc. Human Action Recognition model can be mainly used for security and monitoring purposes. We can use various machine learning and deep learning algorithms for this project . One of the best approach is using CNN .
La rebelion indígena de 1712: los tributarios de Chiloé contra la encomienda
Authors: Urbina Burgos Rodolfo
Published: May 2023

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A refinement of Reznick's Positivstellensatz with applications to quantum information theory
Authors: Müller-Hermes Alexander , Nechita Ion , Reeb David
Published: May 2023

In his solution of Hilbert's 17th problem Artin showed that any positive definite polynomial in several variables can be written as the quotient of two sums of squares. Later Reznick showed that the denominator in Artin's result can always be chosen as an N-th power of the squared norm of the variables and gave explicit bounds on N. By using concepts from quantum information theory (such as partial traces, optimal cloning maps, and an identity due to Chiribella) we give simpler proofs and minor improvements of both real and complex versions of this result. Moreover, we discuss constructions of Hilbert identities using Gaussian integrals and we review an elementary method to construct complex spherical designs. Finally, we apply our results to give improved bounds for exponential quantum de Finetti theorems in the real and in the complex setting.
HUKUM INTERVENSI PASAR (PRICE FIXING) DALAM JUAL BELI MENURUT TINJAUAN TEORI MAṢLAḤAH
Authors: Eriayanti Nahara
Published: May 2023

Kondisi harga barang di pasar kadangkala melonjak tinggi. Pihak penjual bisa jadi dengan sengaja menaikkan harga barang, atau bisa juga karena mekanisme pasar yang alamiah. Dalam kondisi, ulama masih berbeda pendapat tentang pemerintah mengintervensi pasar (price fixing) dalam menentukan standar harga. Salah satu ulama yang concern dalam masalah ini adalah Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī. Al-Qaraḍāwī cenderung membolehkan pemerintah mengintervensi pasar, hal ini justru berbeda dengan jumhur ulama yang melarangnya. Pokok permasalahan yang dikaji adalah bagaimana pendapat Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī tentang hukum intervensi pasar dalam jual beli? bagaimana dalil dan metode istinbāṭ yang digunakan oleh Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī?, dan bagaimana pula pandangan Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī tersebut dilihat dari teori maṣlaḥah? Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif, dan data penelitian dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif-analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa menurut Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, hukum intervensi pasar (price fixing atau tas’īr) dalam jual beli ada dua bentuk, yaitu intervensi pasar terlarang (tas’īr al-mamnū’), yaitu menetapkan standar harga saat harga mengalami kenaikan karena supplay dan demand. Kedua adalah intervensi pasar yang dianjurkan (tas’īr masyrū’), yaitu menetapkan standar harga karena terjadi penimbunan, monopoli atau permainan harga sehingga terjadi kezaliman karena tingginya harga barang. Dalil yang ia gunakan yaitu ketentuam QS. Al-Nisa’ [4] ayat 29 dan dua hadis riwayat Abu Dawud. Adapun metode istinbath hukum yang digunakan Al-Qaraḍāwī adalah ta’lili dan istishlahi. Pendapat Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī tentang intervensi pasar (price fixing) sudah sesuai dengan teori maslahah. Penetapan harga standar barang oleh pemerintah termasuk mashlahah al-dhaririyah, yaitu kemaslahatan primer, dan dari sisi kesesuaian dengan nash, tindakan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah sesuai dengan mashlahah mu’tabarah.
Exploring Al-Ghazali’s concept of education: A study of speech acts through English language lens
Authors: Zurriyati Zurriyati , Perangin-angin Alemina Br, , Rahman Fadhlur
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to provide an in-depth analysis of the types, functions, and manner of speech acts utilised in al-Ghazali's notion on educational concept. The study employed a content analysis methodology, which entailed gathering data from a variety of sources, including Al-Ghazali's writings and scholarly articles related to his works. The findings of this study reveal that al-Ghazali's idea of education in is dominated by directive speech acts, followed by assertive acts and constative acts. The category of recommending acts makes up the vast majority of directive acts, whereas order acts are somewhat less common. Further, Al-Ghazali’s use of speech acts tends to emphasize a competitive function, followed by a collaborative one. Interestingly, neither convivial nor conflicting functions are presented in this study. The dominance of directive speech acts, highlight Al-Ghazali's preference for providing guidance and advice to his readers in a harmonious and respectful communication style. Furthermore, Al-Ghazali's use of speech acts can be classified primarily as literal and direct speech acts, with subsequent employment of indirect and non-literal forms.. These findings contribute to the teaching learning process including English language in applying speech act. Finally, this study highlights the significance of considering the types, functions, and manner of performing speech acts propose to  teachers and students in English language teaching learning process.
HARMONY BETWEEN JAVANESE, SUNDANESE, AND BATAK ETHNICS IN BABUSSALAM VILLAGE, MARBAU SUB-DISTRICT, NORTH LABUHAN BATU RRGENCY
Authors: Fanny Nurul meili , Husda Husaini , Munawiah
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine what causes the peace in Babussalam Village, how the three ethnic groups Javanese, Sundanese, and Batak maintain peace in society, and how social interaction between the Javanese, Sundanese, and Batak ethnic groups occurs in Babussalam Village. This study employs a qualitative, descriptive research design. This study used observation, interviews, and documentation as its methods. The findings of this research are: the background of harmony in Babussalam Village is influenced by a number of elements, including those in the social and economic, educational, and religious spheres. Respect, freedom of expression, cooperation, positive prejudices, and fostering a welcoming environment are all important for preserving harmony in a community where these three ethnic groups coexist. Due to the fact that people are social beings who cannot survive alone and require the assistance of others, the social interaction in Babussalam Village is highly positive.