bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Neuroprotective Activity of Sida Cordifolia Against β-AMYLOID Protein Induced Loss of Cognitive Functions in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Mande Annie , Malothu Narender , Kumari Tata Prasanna
Published: December 2023

Neurodegenerative disorders are most prevalent in older patients. The plant, Sida Cordifolia is a perennial shrub which belongs to the family Malvaceae. S. Cordifolia was proved to possess analgesic, hypoglycaemic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities. The main objective of the present work was to screen the neuroprotective potential of the whole plant S. Cordifolia. The preliminary phytochemical and the acute toxicity evaluation of the extract were done. The neuroprotective potential of the extract was evaluated with the help of Y- maze, water maze and step-down inhibitory avoidance test. The biochemical parameters of the isolated brain serum samples of the treated groups were measured. The animals treated with S. Cordifolia has improved short term and long-term memories, escape latencies, exploratory behaviour, and percentage alterations. The group treated with S. Cordifolia plant was proved to have neuroprotective activity by showing improvement in different parameters in above stated models and enhanced levels of different neurotransmitters. Further studies are required to establish the clinical significance of this plant as a neuroprotective agent.
Screening of Antidiabetic Activity of Crude Extract of Celastrus Paniculatus in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Sultana Fatima , Rao Rama , K Anupama
Published: December 2023

Diabetes mellitus is the commonest form of endocrine disorder that is characteristic of hyperglycaemia. This is due to a defective metabolic system of fat, proteins, and carbohydrates leading to major health challenges. Around 800 medicinal plants have hypoglycaemic properties worldwide. Diabetic complications can be slowed and metabolic abnormalities can be restored by the use of plant products. The antidiabetic property of Celastrus paniculatus seed extract (CPSE) is studied. The seeds containing phytochemicals - alkaloids, sterols, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins were evaluated using standard procedures. Single day hypoglycaemic study was done by taking 800 and 1600 mg kg-1 body-weight and blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 120 min. to evaluate blood glucose levels using glucometer. Oral glucose tolerance study was conducted on normal rats by giving 50% glucose solution of 2 g kg-1 body-weight by p.o. route, half an hour after sample and standard drug administration, blood samples were collected 30 min after glucose was given and continued at 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min. Alloxan-induced diabetic study was done by taking 400 mg kg-1 and 800 mg kg-1 doses of CPSE and recording blood glucose levels on 0, 4, 7 14 and 21 days of study. In the histopathological studies of pancreas, the disease control group showed a high degree of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pancreatic cells. Samples from CPSE 800 mg kg-1 treated group showed no apoptosis or necrosis and normal acinar cells. The results suggest that CPSE may possess antidiabetic action.
Ethanolic Plant Extracts as Effective Antiurolithiatic Agents Against Oxalate Induced Hyperoxaluria in Wistar Rats
Authors: Suvarna Ch. Malathi , R Subhakar Raju , Malothu Narender , Guntupalli Chakravarthi
Published: December 2023

High urinary calcium and oxalate levels, as well as the lack of crystallization inhibitors, are the typical factors in the formation of calcium oxalate crystals. The spesia populnea (T. pop) and Lantana camara (L. cam) are two plants best known for their alcoholic preparations, which have anti-inflammatory, antiurolithiatic, analgesic, anxiolytic, and diuretic properties. In the present study, we examined how ethanolic extracts of the chosen plants affected hyperoxaluria-induced nephrolithiasis in the rat model. The animal groups administered with plant extracts (at 400 mg kg-1) depicted a rise in the levels of urinary oxalate, calcium, albumin, and urinary pH. Furthermore, total plasma protein levels increased along with urea nitrogen, oxalate, and creatinine blood levels. The statistical analyses of the experiment showed that the ethanolic extracts significantly reduced hyperoxaluria. The beneficial effects of the chosen plants in managing hyperoxaluria and its associated health complications could be further investigated through the isolation and identification of possible plant constituents.
Protective Activity of Biophytum and Lycopene in CCl4 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Nagaraju B. , Jyothirmai N. , Daveedu T.
Published: December 2023

Protective activity of methanolic extract of Biophytum whole plant and lycopene in carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) induced liver toxicity in Wistar male rats was investigated in the present study. A dose of 0.1 ml kg-1 body weight of CCl4 was given through i.p route for 14 days for induction of hepatotoxicity in rats. The methanolic extract of Biophytum veldkampii whole plant (200 mg kg-1) and in combination with lycopene (50 mg kg-1) was given to the experimental animals for 14 days. The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by estimation of liver biomarkers like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, TB, TP, total cholesterol and antioxidants like SOD, catalase, GSH and MDA levels. Histopathological examination of liver was also performed. Both the extracts significantly decreased the levels of liver markers and increased the amount of SOD, catalase, GSH. Histopathological studies showed that the extracts have ameliorated the CCl4 induced necrosis of liver. Results of the present study indicated that the treatment of methanolic extract of Biophytum veldkampii whole plant and in combination with lycopene to rats, significantly protected the CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity.
Phytochemical Analysis and Characterization of Ethanolic Extract of Pseuderanthemum Malabaricum Whole Plant
Authors: Sujana K. , Surendra A. V. , Kishore K.V. , Reehana SK. , Himakalyani C. B.
Published: December 2023

Ancient times onwards mankind is dependent on the plants and other natural resources for the new chemical molecules in search of beneficial phytochemicals for therapy. Present study was intended to find out such phytochemicals in the ethanolic extract of Pseuderanthemum malabaricum which may become useful molecules in pharmacological perspective. Shade dried whole plant of Pseuderanthemum malabaricum was powdered and extracted with ethanol using Soxhlet extractor. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract showed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols and chalcones. Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy/Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS/MS) analysis was carried out for identification and characterization of phytoconstituents by comparing with the database of National Institute Standard and Technology. Around 10 different types of chemical entities with varying quantities were identified. Among them, 4H-Pyran-4-one-2, 3-dihydro-3, 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-(DDMP), 2-Furancarboxaldehyde-5 (hydroxymethyl) - (5HMF), 1-(+)-ascorbic acid-2-6- dihexadecanoate possess antioxidant, and anticancer properties. This stydy, identification of different biologically active compounds in the Pseuderanthemum malabaricum ethanolic extract forms the basis for further biological and pharmacological studies.
A Study on Pattern of Utlisation of Blood and its Components in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Unnisa Zareen , Fareedullah Mohammed , Siddiqua Sadia , Jabeen Sheema , S Roshan , Namratha Jamullamudi Risy
Published: December 2023

Blood transfusion is a vital part of present health care system. If used precisely, blood transfusion can improve patient health status and can reduce death rate. Like other drug, blood transfusion may cause short-term and long-term complications like transfusion reactions and transmit infections such as HIV, hepatitis virus, syphilis etc. The main aim was to study the pattern of utilization of blood and its components in a teaching hospital. Hence, a retrospective study was carried out at the blood bank of a teaching hospital of Telangana District. The total number of blood and its components issued from our blood bank in a year were 7638 units. Out of all transfusions, 3594 units were of whole blood, 1978 units packed cells, 985 Fresh Frozen Plasma, 998 platelet rich plasma, 83 Single Donor Platelet. Supply of blood was found to be more in General Medicine department followed by Gynaecology and Obstetrics and General Surgery and least number of units were supplied to Operation Theatre. Furthermore, we examined the reasons of discarding the blood components; we found that 656 units of blood products were discarded in one year due to reasons like expiry of shelf life, HbsAg, HIV and HCV. Periodic review of utilization of blood and its components is important to avoid inappropriate use of blood and its components which may cause deficit amount of blood supply to patients suffering from serious ailments.
A Study of Quality of Life in Patients With Breast Cancer on Chemotherapy in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Naresh Kunta , Roshini CH , Chandasree CH , Kiranmai D , Satya Sharanya G
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, it accounts for 27% of all cancers in women in India. The survival of cancer becomes more typical in the higher stages. Cancer affects different aspects of Quality of life. Therefore, it is important for the healthcare professionals to know about the impact of breast cancer treatment on patient’s Quality of Life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer on Chemotherapy in Tertiary Care hospital. A Hospital based observational, prospective study was conducted on patients (n=111) with breast cancer on chemotherapy for 6 months in Oncology Department. The data was collected regarding Demographic details, Complaints, Menstrual history, Family history, Marital status and Educational status; interviewed the patient by using FACT-B Questionnaire and scores were allotted from 1 to 4 depend on severity. The statistical tests like “t-test: paired two samples for mean” and Kruskal Walli’s test were conducted to estimate the Quality of Life of the patients. Most of the patients were admitted in hospital of the age group of 31–40 years with lump in the right breast as the common complaint. Breast cancer risk was found more in patients with menopause. Familial history of breast cancer was found in 12 patients. Though they got support as social well-being, but the physical, emotional, functional well-being and breast cancer subscale got affected after the chemotherapy.
Perception Knowledge and Practices Regarding Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls and Reproductive Age Group Women
Authors: Katari Sukeerthi , Dumala Naresh , Bandela Piyush , Mohammad Noor Shaik , Kammili Maha Lakshmi , Asra Fathima
Published: December 2023

Menstruation is a biological event in the female reproductive system. Hormones generated by the ovaries, such as oestrogen and progesterone, regulate the menstrual cycle. Menstruation usually starts at adolescence and lasts until menopause, which happens around the age of 50. It is a natural and healthy component of reproductive life, albeit it can be uncomfortable and inconvenient. Menstruation symptoms include cramps, bloating, migraines, and mood changes. Menstruating people face social and cultural taboos in various countries. This study was conducted to identify the basic knowledge, and perceptions of women about menstruation and also to identifying the hygienic procedures they are practicing during menstruation in the Vijayawada locale of Andhra Pradesh state, India. Results indicated that, majority of the study subjects have their mother as person who informed them about menstruation. Almost 50% of the subjects did not fear after knowing about menstruation significant number of woman among studied following the hygienic practices during menstruation. However, 17% of the subjects, informed that their family members behave differently during menstruation. There were changes in appetite behaviour and there was a rise in sweet cravings in the studied population. Overall, menstruation is an important and necessary process for reproductive health, and it is crucial to ensure that individuals have access to adequate resources and support for managing their menstrual cycles. Further extensive awareness programs help in eliminating the social stigma regarding menstruation.
Antipseudomonal Therapy and Quorum Quenching: A Prospective Marker
Authors: Babaniyi Gabriel Gbenga , Babaniyi Babafemi Raphael , Akor Ulelu Jessica
Published: December 2023

Antibiotics have been used excessively to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections around the world, resulting in growing resistance to several antibiotics for this disease. Due to widespread resistance and the present poor efficacy of antibiotics used to treat P. aeruginosa infections, fresh alternative therapeutic techniques for infection therapy are required. Biofilms of P. aeruginosa can cause serious infections, resulting in increased drug resistance and a higher mortality rate among patients. No effective techniques exist for managing these infections, requiring new and effective antibiotic treatments. Quorum sensing (QS) is a promising target for developing non-antibiotic anti-infective drugs. Extracts from medicinal plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites, like phenolics, quinones, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and polyacetylenes, that can prevent bacterial pathogenicity and have the potential to control microbial diseases. New safe and effective QS inhibitory compounds have sparked interest. As a result, quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) or quorum quenching (QQ) methods are now being considered as potential therapeutic alternatives and/or adjuvants to currently failing antibiotics, with the ability to control pathogen virulence traits, allowing the host immune system to quickly eliminate bacteria. The goals of this chapter are to offer a concise explanation of research findings on antipseudomonal therapy and synthetic QSIs for P. aeruginosa, as well as to appraise the current understanding of QS processes and various quorum quenchers (QQs) for P. aeruginosa.
Quorum Sensing: A New Target for Anti-infective Drug Therapy
Authors: Konda Meghana , Tippani Radhika , Porika Mahendar , Banoth Lakpathi
Published: December 2023

Quorum sensing (QS) is “a cold conversation” between inter- and cross-kingdom species that facilitates microbes to communicate through signalling molecules like autoinducer-2 (AI-2), acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and autoinducing peptides (AIPs), which leads to biofilm formation and virulence factor secretion, ultimately causing severe infections in the host. Emerging evidence reveals that owing to the overuse of antibiotics and other antimicrobials, bacteria have evolved to become drug resistant and now constitute a serious danger to human health. Targeting QS is one such alternative that opened promising avenues in treating several treatment-resistant infections. Because QS controls gene expression, biofilm development and virulence factors excretion of the microbe, it has become rational that targeting these areas may enable us to effectively treat chronic infections and drug-resistant microbes. Anti-QS agents, anti-virulence and anti-biofilm drugs in combination with regular antibiotics have been extremely promising in treating several infections. In addition, the degradation of AHL signalling molecules using enzymes has been a valuable approach in quenching the QS signalling systems of microbes. This chapter discusses the mechanisms of QS development in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, strategies to target QS systems, biofilm formation, virulence factor secretion, the combination of these anti-QS agents with standard antibiotics and their significance in anti-infective drug therapy.
Isolation of Quorum Quenching Microorganisms and Screening Methods
Authors: Valdez Alejandra L. , Torres Mariela A. , Viola Carolina M. , Lacosegliaz Mariano J. , de Lourdes Olea Carolina , Castellanos de Figueroa Lucía I. , Nieto-Peñalver Carlos G.
Published: December 2023

Quorum sensing is one of the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression that has received the most attention in the last two decades. In consequence, its interruption by means of quorum quenching (QQ) strategies is highly relevant. After a brief presentation of quorum sensing and its signal molecules, in this chapter, we discuss the potentialities of interfering with them, the methods for the isolation of QQ microorganisms and the characterization of the QQ enzymes. Particular attention is paid to N-acyl homoserine lactone-inactivating enzymes, considering that these are the best characterized signals. However, enzymes acting on other signals are also considered.
A pomegranate seed-structured nanozyme-based colorimetric immunoassay for highly sensitive and specific biosensing of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Li Jinghui , Tang Yipeng , Bai Yunpeng , Zhang Zhejun , Zhang Shaopeng , Chen Tongyun , Zhao Feng , Guo Zhigang
Published: December 2023

The developed strategy for the detection of S. aureus.
A perylene diimide electrochemical probe with persulfate as a signal enhancer for dopamine sensing
Authors: Cui Xiaomin , Geng Huiying , Zhang Hong , Sun Xinyang , Shang Lei , Ma Rongna , Jia Liping , Li Chuan , Zhang Wei , Wang Huaisheng
Published: December 2023

A new sensing strategy based on a persulfate–TMPDI system for electrochemical DA detection is proposed.
Anisotropic lens-shaped mesoporous carbon from interfacially perpendicular self-assembly for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Woo Dongyoon , Ban Minkyeong , Lee Jisung , Park Cheol-Young , Kim Jinuk , Kim Seongseop , Lee Jinwoo
Published: December 2023

Anisotropic lens-shaped nitrogen-doped carbon (Lens-NMC) with unidirectionally aligned mesopores was achieved via perpendicular block copolymer self-assembly at the polymer interface.
A novel class of multivalent ionic conductors with the La3CuSiS7 structure type: results of stepwise ICSD screening
Authors: Kabanov Artem A. , Morkhova Yelizaveta A. , Osipov Vladislav T. , Rothenberger Manuel , Leisegang Tilmann , Blatov Vladislav A.
Published: December 2023

High-throughput screening of the ICSD database revealed 16 new promising Zn2+ and Al3+ ionic conductors, most of which belong to a new class of ionic conductors with the La3CuSiS7 structure with ionic conductivity up to ∼10−2 S cm−1 at 300 K.
Hydrogen atom scattering at the Al2O3(0001) surface: a combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Liebetrau Martin , Dorenkamp Yvonne , Bünermann Oliver , Behler Jörg
Published: December 2023

We report a combined theoretical and experimental study on the scattering of hydrogen atoms at aluminium oxide. The scattering mechanism and impact sites are identified using a machine learning potential.
Robust fragment-based method of calculating hydrogen atom transfer activation barrier in complex molecules
Authors: Liu Yizhou , Pickard Frank C. , Sluggett Gregory W. , Mustakis Iasson G.
Published: December 2023

A binding-corrected fragment-based method provides an accurate and cost-effective strategy to calculate the overall hydrogen-atom-transfer (HAT) activation barrier in complex molecules.
Structure sensitivity of Cu supported on manganese oxide catalysts in levulinic acid hydrogenation
Authors: Mazumdar Nayan Jyoti , Kumar Praveen , Arredondo-Arechavala Miryam , Artioli Nancy , Manyar Haresh
Published: December 2023

Different synthesis methods were used to prepare a series of size-controlled copper nanoparticles supported on manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS-2) catalysts.
Effect of shape, gluten, and mastication effort on in vitro starch digestion and the predicted glycemic index of pasta
Authors: Suo Xinying , Baggio Anna , Pellegrini Nicoletta , Vincenzetti Silvia , Vittadini Elena
Published: December 2023

Gluten-containing (GC) and gluten-free (GF) pasta consumption has been growing in recent years.
Combination of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BEPC22 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BELP53 attenuates fat accumulation and alters the metabolome and gut microbiota in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity
Authors: Lee Na-Rae , Kwon Tae-Jun , Chung Eui-Chun , Bae Jaewoong , Soung Song-Hui , Tak Hyun-Ji , Choi Jun-Young , Lee Young-Eun , Won Hwang Nak , Lee Jong Seo , Shin Kum-Joo , Lee Choong Hwan , Kim KilSoo , Kim Seokjin
Published: December 2023

This study evaluated the effects of formulations with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BEPC22 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BELP53 on adiposity, the alteration of microbiota, and the metabolome in high-fat diet-fed mice.
Conjugates of titanocene with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: synthesis, unusual NMR characteristics, stability and cytotoxicity
Authors: Guk Dmitry A. , Gibadullina Karina R. , Moiseeva Anna A. , Grishin Yuri K. , Roznyatovsky Vitaly A. , Prosuntsova Daria S. , Ananieva Irina A. , Gandalipov Erik R. , Shtil Alexander A. , Beloglazkina Elena K.
Published: December 2023

Titanocene conjugates with four different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (flurbiprofen, naproxen, ibuprofen, and diclofenac; NSAIDs) were obtained and studied for the first time.
A stable pyridone-based hydrogen-bonded organic framework for electrochemical detection of dopamine
Authors: Liu Yong-Min , Liu Bai-Tong , Li Yu-Lin , Li Jin-Lin , Liu Tian-Fu , Cai Lei
Published: December 2023

A robust hydrogen-bonded organic framework was constructed using a 2-pyridone monomer by dual hydrogen bond interactions. The HOF-modified glass carbon electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical sensing performance for dopamine detection.
Multiplying the electroluminescence efficiencies of red TADF emitters via a regioisomeric approach of the donor unit
Authors: Zhang Xi , Wang Hui , Chen Jia-Xiong , Zhou Lu , Hao Xiao-Yao , Yu Jia , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao-Hong
Published: December 2023

Constructing regioisomeric red TADF emitters via managing donor connecting patterns. A DPDPZ-PXZPh-based OLED affords an improved EQE of 28.0%, peaking at 600 nm.
Mesoionic carbene-based self-assembled monolayers on gold
Authors: Lee Dianne S. , Singh Ishwar , Veinot Alex J. , Aloisio Mark D. , Lomax Justin T. , Ragogna Paul J. , Crudden Cathleen M.
Published: December 2023

N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been widely studied as ligands for surface chemistry, and have shown advantages compared to existing ligands (e.g. thiols). Herein, we introduce mesoionic carbenes (MICs) as a new type of surface ligand.
Absorption and desorption behaviours of ammonia on bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide salts investigated using the pressure-swing method
Authors: Tokushige Manabu , Fujisawa Ryota , Ryu Junichi
Published: December 2023

Large storage capacity of ammonia (NH3) on bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (FSA) salts were observed using the pressure-swing method (0.1–0.5 MPa).
Exploration of cobalt(ii) modification in a phenanthroline-based conjugated organic polymer towards trifunctional electrocatalysis
Authors: Singh Sugandha , Ghorai Manas K. , Kar Kamal K.
Published: December 2023

Leveraging the transition-metal complexation in phenanthroline, Co2+ modified conjugated organic polymer exhibited ORR, OER, and HER with significant lowering in overpotentials in comparison to the pristine polymer.
Electrochemical reactions catalyzed by carbon dots from computational investigations: functional groups, dopants, and defects
Authors: Yang Min , Qin Bin , Si Chaowei , Sun XiaoYing , Li Bo
Published: December 2023

The developments of carbon dots (CDs) catalysts in key electrochemistry process from computational simulation.
Correction: Synthesis of TiC nanotube arrays and their excellent supercapacitor performance
Authors: Ma Tongxiang , Pan Yuzheng , Chen Junyu , Yan Zhiming , Chen Buxin , Zhao Lang , Hu Liwen , Wen Liangying , Hu Meilong
Published: December 2023

Correction for ‘Synthesis of TiC nanotube arrays and their excellent supercapacitor performance’ by Tongxiang Ma et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 9932–9940, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TA00957A.
Performance Testing and Case Studies of Rural Household Biogas Micro-CHP Systems
Authors: Liu Zheqing , Ming Gang , Su Jingke
Published: December 2023

Against the backdrop of clean rural heating and dual carbon targets, this paper investigates and develops a household combined heat and power (CHP) unit. The performance of the unit under natural gas operating conditions was tested and evaluated in the laboratory. The test results show that at rated operating conditions the unit has an electrical efficiency of 29% and an overall efficiency of 96%. The micro-CHP was then tested in a civil building in a demonstration site in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, for trial operation under biogas working conditions. The test results show that when the unit in biogas working condition is heating the room, the unit has a rated working condition power generation of 3.2 KW and still has an average electrical efficiency of about 26.8% and a thermal efficiency of 65.6%, which remains at a high level. And the room temperature data shows that the heat supply meets the heating demand. Finally, this paper compares the performance with micro-CHP units available in the European and American markets. The results show that the performance of this unit is superior to many micro-CHP units available overseas. This paper demonstrates through test results that rural micro-CHP system can meet the daily energy needs of farmers, improve energy use efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.
Multi-objective model predictive control method for T-type three-level grid-connected
Authors: Pan Ning , Xie Zhen , Mo Jiaqing , Wang Yuanhao
Published: December 2023

Based on the mathematical model of T-type three-level topology, a T-type three-level inverter model is proposed to predict the multi-objective control method, which mainly includes DC neutral voltage (NP-V), switching state, inverter voltage vector, and multi-objective cost function. Different emphases can be selected according to the application requirements, and coordinated control of different control objectives can be realized by giving different weight values to different control objectives. An extended observer (ESO) is added to observe the error part of the grid-connected inverter system, and the observed results are compensated to the grid-connected reference voltage. The simulation results show that the total harmonic distortion rate of the output current of the inverter is lower than that of the traditional finite control set model predictive control strategy. In addition, the proposed method can realize the balance control of the midpoint potential, and the principle is simple.
Research on Technical Requirements for Operation and Maintenance of Main Equipment in Port Shore Power System
Authors: Wu Peisen , Sun Lei , Zhang Guanjun
Published: December 2023

With the normalized use of shore power, it has become one of the important measures to improve the atmospheric environment of ports. The utilization rate of shore power for berthing ships will significantly increase, the frequency of electrical equipment usage in the shore power system will significantly increase, and the workload of operation and maintenance will also significantly increase. This article conducts research on the operation and maintenance technology of main electrical equipment, analyzes typical faults, and provides technical support for the collaborative use of shore power by ships and shore to reduce accident hazards, increase system stability and reliability.
Analysis of influence of energy storage system parameters on HVDC commutation failure overvoltage
Authors: Ge Pengjiang , Wang Kangping , Duan Naixin , Wang Jili , Lv Jinli , Zhang Xiaoqi
Published: December 2023

Overvoltage is a common fault in high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems, which directly affects the safe and stable operation of the system. Energy storage system has been widely used in power system because of its fast response speed, high precision and bidirectional energy transmission. As a variable parameter, the low voltage traverse active power coefficient directly affects the overvoltage of commutation failure in HVDC system. In this paper, the influence of transient characteristics and energy storage parameters on commutation failure overvoltage of energy storage system connected to HVDC is analyzed. Based on PSASP simulation, combined with the actual characteristic setting parameters of a power grid in northwest China, the positive correlation between energy storage low-pass active power and transient overvoltage of HVDC system commutating failure is verified by dynamic trajectory sensitivity analysis, and the optimization space of HVDC energy storage system is expanded.
The Explore of the Implementation Path of Low-Carbon Smart Energy Systems in Zero-Carbon Parks
Authors: Jun Zhang , Biao Qiao , Chao Feng , Yipeng Qin , Jialiang Song , Lichun Mu , Lu Wang
Published: December 2023

With the development of economy and society, the energy demand increasing day by day. Building is one of the biggest energy consumption sectors, the park is composited of buildings. The build of zero carbon park is important to the decarbonizing in the building area. Based on the current status of the lack of smart energy system application in zero-carbon park, this paper mainly focuses on the implementation path of low-carbon smart energy systems in the parks, through the process of load prediction, energy demand analysis, system configuration, optimization and the development of energy management platform. A case study of zero -carbon park is analyzed to provide theory guide for future study.
Comparative analysis of the subsidence of solid polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and 3D printed lattice titanium interbody fusion cages
Authors: Moolman Frans , kat Cor-Jacques , Du Plessis Anton , Khodja Malika
Published: December 2023

Spinal interbody fusion cages are commonly used to treat various spinal conditions, but their traditional manufacturing methods have limitations in customization and fitting. With the advancement of 3D printing, it is now possible to design and manufacture interbody fusion cages with previously unachievable features and structures. Southern Medical™ is investigating the technical feasibility of 3D-printed cages based on their existing designs and exploring the new features and capabilities enabled by additive manufacturing (AM). The mechanical performance in the subsidence of the 3D-printed devices will be compared to their existing devices as one of the feasibility points for the additively manufactured implants. A gyroid structure is used as the inner lattice of the structures. To investigate the performance of the cages with the new gyroid lattices, subsidence testing according to the ASTM F2267 methods was conducted to compare existing cages to the 3D-printed cages. The 3D printed devices outperformed the PEEK counterparts with a higher test block stiffness of 0.81 kN/mm compared to 0.55 kN/mm.
Effect of precious metals (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Co) on structural, stability and ductility of Fe5Ni4S8 (P4_2/nmc) pentlandite: cluster expansion method
Authors: Molala Kgwajana , Mehlape Mofuti , Mkhonto Prince , Ngoepe Phuti
Published: December 2023

This work investigated the effects of PGEs on structural, stability and ductility of Fe5Ni4S8 (P4_2/nmc). The cluster expansion (CE) method was used to predict the most stable (Fe,Ni)9S8 and further doped platinum group element on octahedral site iron of Fe5Ni4S8 (P4_2/nmc) Pn system. The structural and ductility of the most stable M(Fe,Ni)8S8 (M= Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) were investigated and compared to structural and ductility of Fe5Ni4S8 (P4_2/nmc) i.e undoped system. It was noted that doping PGEs on octahedral site of Fe5Ni4S8 (P4_2/nmc) did not change the symmetry, however the PGEs increased the ductility of Fe5Ni4S8 (P4_2/nmc)
Nanomechanical characteristics of laser and arc melted AlCuFeNiSi high entropy alloy: a comparative study
Authors: Dada Modupeola , Popoola Patricia , Mtileni Evlly , Sadiq Raji
Published: December 2023

The exploration of high-entropy alloy development for structural applications is a major requirement for the energy and transportation industries. The systematic strategy of designing high entropy alloys is not complete without considering the desired properties, the selection of the elements, the determination of the composition, and the choice of the manufacturing process for the production of high-performance materials. AlCuFeNiSi high-entropy alloys were prepared via laser metal deposition and arc melting. The nanomechanical and wear characteristics of arc-melted and laser-deposited AlCuFeNiSi high-entropy alloys were comparatively studied because a comprehensive understanding of their mechanical properties is not yet fully understood for structural applications in the energy industry. The empirical relationship between the laser power and the nanohardness was determined using the response surface methodology. The results showed that the high entropy alloys consisted of solid solution BCC and FCC phases. ANOVA showed that laser power had a significant effect on the nanohardness, increasing with an increase in laser power. The optimum laser process parameters to yield the best properties were obtained and backed up with experimental data to achieve a cost-effective design of experiments.
The effect of increasing hafnium on the microstructure, phase transformation temperatures and hardness of TiPtHf potential shape memory alloys
Authors: Moletsane Elija , Motsai Tebogo , Makhatha M.E. , Motsi Glenda , Radingoana Precious , Machio Chris
Published: December 2023

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are popular due to their ability to regain their original shape after plastic deformation. Binary TiPt alloys have low shape memory effects and as such, alloying elements are added to improve these properties. The effect of alloying and increasing the Hf in binary Ti50Pt50 to form ternary Ti50Pt50−xHfx (x=6.25,12.5 and 18,25 at.%) on the microstructure, transformation temperatures and hardness in the as cast and solution heat treatment conditions were investigated. In the as-cast condition SEM EDS analysis showed that alloying with Hf resulted in the formation of dark grey interdendritic regions comprised of Ti-rich phases and the increase in Hf content (at. %) led to an increase in the size of these interdendrites. Solution heat treatment (SHT) of the alloy led to a decrease in the size of the dark grey interdendritic regions and the formation and increase of dark black regions with increasing Hf content (at. %). Differential scanning calorimetry showed that partial substitution of Pt with 6.25 at. % Hf decreased the transformation temperature of the alloy below that of Ti50Pt50 in both conditions. Increase in to Hf 12.5 and 18.25 at. % increased the transformation temperatures above those of Ti50Pt50 binary alloy in both conditions. SHT of 12.5 at. % Hf significantly reduced the AS and MS temperatures. Alloying and increase in Hf content (at. %) increased the hardness of the alloys above that of Ti50Pt50. SHT increased the hardness of the alloys above that of Ti50Pt50 and the as-cast alloys.
Using a multi-robot system for improved path planning
Authors: Ahlschlager Kyle , Fisher Callen
Published: December 2023

Numerous terrestrial robotic platforms use computational power for path planning. These platforms typically use a vision system to identify obstacles and perform path planning. In cases where the vision systems are unable to function due to larger obstacles in the area, the paths are chosen as random functions of the given terrain to explore the environment and often results in missteps and moving away from the target location. In this research, we present a multi-robot system comprised of a terrestrial robot with a tethered aerial drone. By making use of the additive overhead view, the target location can be identified, and the exploration and path planning algorithms biased, subsequently reducing the computational cost, and creating a more efficient path planning approach. Focus has been placed on the control architecture of the system.
Autonomous navigation for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in urban environments
Authors: Hughes Merrick Stuart Macqueen , Engelbrecht Jacobus Adriaan Albertus
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an autonomous navigation system for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in urban environments. The navigation system comprises a long-term route planner and a short-term cooperative collision avoidance function. A 3D model of a real urban terrain is used to represent the environment within which the UAVs operate, and the system takes the motion constraints of the UAVs into account when performing planning. The navigation system enables multiple independent UAVs to travel from their departure points to their destinations while predicting and avoiding collisions with one another and with static terrain. Monte Carlo simulations on the system indicate a worst-case route planner replan rate of 11.65 %, route planner failure rate of 9.82×10-4 %, and collision resolution failure rate of 0.12 % for the collision avoidance function.
Gait generation for real-time quadruped locomotion
Authors: Jordaan Ernst , Fisher Callen
Published: December 2023

Gait generation for a legged robot in real-time is no simple task. Typically, powerful processors are required to perform real-time trajectory optimisation techniques to generate the trajectories , or the platform requires full state feedback and controllers to track a pre-generated trajectory. Here we present a novel method for generating gaits in real-time by varying three parameters (RideHeight, StepLength, and StepHeight). Various successful walking experiments were performed with the developed quadrupedal platform, demonstrating that this method worked with minimal state feedback (only leg angles) and limited processing power (Teensy 4.0 microcontroller was used). The resulting gait was generated in real-time and maintained stability in open loop. The platform was capable of traversing obstacles (50mm x 50mm) and ascending or descending slopes (15°).
Synthesis of photocatalytic TiO2 nanotubes on additively manufactured Ti-alloy substrates
Authors: Ter Haar Gerrit , Bezuidenhout Martin
Published: December 2023

The pursuit of sustainable and clean energy sources has led to the exploration of green hydrogen as a versatile and eco-friendly energy carrier. This research paper focuses on the application of photocatalytic electrolysis, particularly utilizing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes, for efficient hydrogen production. The study investigates the synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes on additive manufacturing (AM)-produced substrates and explores the effects of post-synthesis annealing and cleaning techniques. The results demonstrate well-organized and uniform nanotubes, with the morphology depending on the annealing ramp rate. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a phase transformation to anatase with a grain size of approximately 28 nm upon annealing. The study emphasizes the importance of post-synthesis cleaning in achieving desired nanotube surfaces. Cleaning with ethanol followed by 10 vol% HCl produces well-organized nanotubes of varying sizes. Overall, the research contributes to the understanding of surface modification techniques and nanostructured architectures for optimizing hydrogen photoelectrodes. The study also highlights the potential of AM in advanced fabrication methods for improved photoelectrochemical electrodes and offers valuable insights for future work in this field.
Towards the effective development of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DFAM) curricula: an exploration of strategies and solutions in education
Authors: Havenga Sarel , van Zyl Izak , Snaddon Bruce , Chisin Alettia
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the affordances (hindrances and opportunities) of developing a comprehensive Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) curricular product in the South African higher education sector. The methodology consisted of an initial literature review illustrating the use of DfAM in higher education and the existence of formal DfAM curricula. Through the literature, the researchers sought these hindrances and opportunities to guide the development of a curriculum sample product. In addition, appropriate theoretical frameworks were investigated and then combined with pedagogical aids in the form of Embedded Tactile and Sensory Technology (ETaST). The overall theoretical findings indicate that a formally structured DfAM curricular product will benefit not just AM-related subjects, but education fields beyond STEM. This research indicates that a DfAM curricular product may lead to an expansion of AM utilisation beyond mere production initiatives for industry but also as a pedagogical aid product for higher education. Furthermore, the use of such DfAM curricular products can infiltrate broader sectors which will increase the time and uptake of AM. The study recommends the implementation of the DfAM curricular product in the undergraduate sector of various subjects to corroborate the findings.
In-situ alloying of Ti-4.7Mo-4.5Fe alloy using laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Mkhaliphi Thuli Goodness , Becker Thorsten Hermann
Published: December 2023

This study used laser powder bed fusion to produce highly dense Ti-4.7Mo-4.5Fe through in-situ alloying. The relative density range of the printed samples was from 96. 3 to 99.5 %. Partially unmelted Mo and lack of fusion pores were observed on some samples produced using a laser power of 80 W with a high scanning speed. Better diffusion of Mo in the Ti matrix and pores were observed at a higher laser power of 164-200 W. The microhardness of the printed samples was higher than that of other β-Ti with Mo as β stabiliser and was comparable to the microhardness of the Ti-4.7Mo-4.5Fe alloy produced using conventional methods. The phase identification of the printed samples indicated that samples of Ti-4.7Mo-4.5Fe containing α+β phases were produced, with β being the dominant phase. Microstructural analyses showed that the lamellar α structure was embedded within the equiaxed columnar β grains.
Understanding the inhibitory mechanism and protection performance of avocado seed nanoparticle extract in API X65 steel corrosion in a 1M HCl acid environment
Authors: Alao Alice , Popoola Abimbola , Dada Modupeola
Published: December 2023

There is currently a high need for effective and nontoxic corrosion inhibitors in the acidising industrial process due to rising concern for human life and environmental sustainability. As a result, in this work the anticorrosive efficiency of avocado seed nanoparticle extract (ASN) in APIX65 pipeline steel corrosion was examined in 1M HCl medium through weight loss and the potentiodynamic polarisation approach. The inhibitor morphology, particle size, and elemental composition were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The SEM examination of the steel surface indicates a considerable difference, demonstrating that the inhibitor formed a protective barrier on the metal surface with heteroatom constituents from the inhibitor. The findings show a corresponding increase in inhibition efficiency as the inhibitor concentration increases, with the highest inhibitor efficiency found at 95.65% for 5 g of ASN in 1 M HCl solution. Regarding the electrochemical test, ASN performs as a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. The weight loss test findings corroborated the electrochemical investigations, indicating that ASN had a high inhibitive effect on X65 steel in an acid medium. The ASN nanosize gives a huge surface area, resulting in increased reaction activity and the development of more shielding coatings. This study sheds light on the development of sustainable corrosion inhibitors for X65 steel.
Improving mechanical properties of Ni electrode through alloying and heat treatment
Authors: Mphela Caroline , van der Merwe Josias , Moema Joseph , Phasha Maje
Published: December 2023

Due to the ferromagnetic nature of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) and most of their alloys, it is likely that their inherent magnetism could cause a defect called residual magnetism in welds. Although seldom explored, this property may contribute to the formation of brittle martensite and carbide phases by promoting carbon diffusion from the base material to the surface. This study focusses on solid-solution-strengthening (sss) of Ni electrode by alloying it with chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu), since the introduction of these metals is known to suppress magnetism while increasing strength.
The behaviour of Monazite-(La) at high pressure: a first principles study
Authors: Motsomone Lebogang , Diale Ramogohlo , Ngoepe Phuti , Bissett Hertzog , Chauke Hasani
Published: December 2023

Monazite-(La) has received significant attention due to its interesting physical and chemical properties, such as its high fusion temperature and low solubility. It is useful for applications such as lusting, temperature coating, and proton conduction. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the effect of pressure on the structural and thermodynamic properties of Monazite-La from 0 to 60 GPa. Lattice parameters at zero pressure were found to be in good agreement with experimental studies. Furthermore, the thermodynamic properties predicted that the stability of LaPO4 increased with an increase in pressure. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the structural and thermodynamic properties of Monazite-La under pressure.
The influence of Holmium substitution on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd2Fe14B: a first principle study
Authors: Baloyi Mphamela Enos , Ngoepe Phuti , Chauke Hasani
Published: December 2023

In this study, the ab initio density functional theory (DFT) approach is used to investigate the effect of Holmium (Ho) on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd2Fe14B magnets. Neodymium-based permanent magnets (Nd2Fe14B) are the potential permanent magnets to be used in various applications such as wind turbines and electric vehicles. These magnets possess high magnetic field strength and resistance to demagnetization. However, they suffer from low operating temperatures below 585 K. Substitution of Nd with Ho enhances the magnetic strength of the Nd2Fe14B permanent magnet. NdHoFe14B magnets are found to be thermodynamically stable due to negative heats of formation, which is in good agreement with the calculated density of states. Partial substitution of Nd with Ho improves the stability and the magnetic strength of Nd2Fe14B permanent magnets. The findings will provide insight into the future development of permanent magnetic compounds with good magnetic strength.
Simulated synthesis and atomic-level structural characterization of LiNi2O4
Authors: Hlungwani Donald , Ledwaba Raesibe Sylvia , Ngoepe Phuti
Published: December 2023

LiMn2O4 is a promising cathode material for advancing lithium-ion batteries due to its high-rate capabilities and high operating voltages. However, it suffers capacity fading due to the loss of manganese and lattice instabilities linked to Mn3+ during cycling. The simulated synthesis technique has been used to generate LiNi2O4 models rich in microstructural features that evolve during the crystal growth process. The microstructural features can be linked to the electrochemical performance and properties of LiNi2O4, which will guide the doping of LiMn2O4 spinel with Ni. Substitution of a small amount of manganese with nickel has been proposed as one of the solutions for reducing capacity loss. The LiNi2O4 spinel structure was synthesized successfully with the simulated amorphization and recrystallization technique. The RDF functions indicated the average Ni – O bond length of ~1.925 Å which is comparable to the Ni – O average bond length of ~1.923 Å synthesized by Thomas M.G.SR and co-workers.