bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Você lê dicionários?
Authors: Mendes Estefânia Cristina da Costa
Published: January 2021

Este artigo toma por objeto de estudo os dicionários, concebendo-os como discursos e como fontes de produção de sentido, e não apenas como meros objetos de consulta. A produção de sentido não é unilateral, mas é uma atividade colaborativa que envolve a interação do autor, do texto e do leitor, considerando-se, ainda, o contexto sociocultural no qual eles estão inseridos. Destacamos também a importância do uso dos dicionários nas escolas, mostrando que a busca por palavras desconhecidas exige reflexão sobre a língua.

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Nnoboa and Rotated Susu as Agents of Savings Mobilization: Developing a Theoretical Model Using Grounded Theory
Authors: Amoah-Mensah Aborampah
Published: January 2021

In this study, I investigate nnoboa and rotated susu systems and how they operate as indigenous co-operatives that mobilize savings from its members. The nnoboa system, according to oral tradition, evolved out of the communal way of living in Africa, particularly Ghana. Nnoboa is a form of cooperative society whereby members of the society help to weed one another’s farm on rotational basis. Rotated susu is a group of two or more people who come together to save money and the lump sum (bulk money) is given to each of the group members on rotational basis. Both systems operate like the formal banking savings and loans systems. I employ a qualitative approach, comprising seven focus group meetings in seven communities in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai Municipality in the Western North Region of Ghana. The findings show that the rotated susu concept emanates from the nnoboa concept and the two systems are underpinned by the following values: trust, synergy, flexibility and empathy, commitment, tolerance and punctuality and promptness. Another finding of the study is that the nnoboa and rotated susu systems offer participants a lot of mileage: helping them to generate income, raise capital, increase their savings, providing them with a source of cheap labor (all nnoboa group members provide free labor for each other in turns so that it becomes affordable for each member to weed his/her farm or clear a parcel of land during the farming season since it is expensive to hire farm laborers), increasing their production, offering them opportunities for networking and bulk purchasing, the groups serving as collateral securities or guarantors as well as the display of love and affection. Based on these findings, I develop a theoretical model for nnoboa and rotated susu systems using grounded theory. The theoretical model of nnoboa and rotated susu systems has implications for researchers, practitioners and the unemployed in terms of how the poor can form groups and access cheap labor or raise capital for any venture. Therefore, the significance of this study is that extant literature on nnoboa and rotated susu with emphasis on their values and benefits and a theoretical model that supports such a system seem to be non-existent.
VRŠNjAČKO NASILjE U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI
Authors: Crnoglavac Predrag
Published: January 2021

Evropska komisija je oktobra 2020. godine u svom programu rada za 2021. godinu predvidela podnošenje niza zakonodavnih predloga u cilju postizanja održivog korporativnog upravljanja, koje predstavlja neophodan uslov održivog poslovanja privrednih društava. Osnovni predmet ovog rada upravo je analiza očekivanih, pretpostavljenih promena u pravnom regulisanju korporativnog upravljanja u EU. Ovu analizu autor je izvršio na osnovu zaključaka iznetih u studiji Evropske komisije o dužnostima direktora i održivom korporativnom upravljanju, koja će poslužiti kao osnov za sprovođenje najavljene reforme. Autor se u radu najpre, u kratkim crtama, bavi osnovnim osobinama koncepta održivog poslovanja privrednih društava i njegovom povezanošću sa održivim korporativnim upravljanjem. U središnjem delu rada, autor izdvaja promene koje smatra najznačajnijim delom buduće reforme: 1) promene u vezi sa institutom posebnih dužnosti direktora; 2) druge moguće izmene pravnog režima korporativnog upravljanja (izmene Direktive EU o pravima akcionara u cilju promovisanja dugoročnog investiranja i dužeg zadržavanja svojstva akcionara u istom privrednom društvu, promene vezane za sastav odbora direktora i mehanizme utvrđivanja naknada direktorima).
STICANjE KONTROLE NAD PREDUZEĆEM PROMENOM IMOVINSKOG REŽIMA NA AKCIJAMA I UDELIMA PUTEM BRAČNOG UGOVORA
Authors: Milosavljevic Nikola
Published: January 2021

U radu autor vrši normativnu i komparativnu analizu pozicije koju bračni ugovor zauzima u odnosu na pravila konkurencije. Rad započinje tako što se definiše pojam bračnog ugovora i obrazlaže mogućnost prenosa prava svojine na osnovu ovog ugovra. Autor se zatim bavi definisanjem pojma koncentracije i postupka njene kontrole. U trećem delu rada autor analizira eventualna ograničenja koja pravo konkurencije nameće u slučaju prenosa udela i akcija putem bračnog ugovora sa domaćeg i uporednopravnog aspekta u odnosu na nemačko, hrvatsko i pravo Evropske unije i iznosi zaključke o ovom pitanju.
An Australia`s Quest For Own Political Diversity: An Inside View (late the XIX-th – early the XX-th Centuries)
Authors: Khyzhnyak I.
Published: January 2021

The publication consists of the two parts. The first one has the characteristic features of the premier Constitution of Australia, which at that historical period, had to be considered as an intervening stage to obtain targeting independence and sovereignty so urgently strived for by that country. The key purpose for the country forming matter of the foregoing basic statute book was to ensure a juridical versatility of the machinery of the new state. The main plot of this principal legal document seemed to point out the presence of a certain dilemma along with its subjectly indexed initially forming constituents.

Their first part was of an juridical content. The Constitution of Switzerland was chosen as an optional example and exposed it in the form of a full-scaled replica for the basic principal law of the above-mentioned country. The second part of it was lavishly marked with its clear-cut specific and historical character and called upon to faithfully reproduce a certain «safety cushion» to ensure successfully achieved harmony in operating the whole mechanism of the State government.

The second part of the publication is dedicated to the historical activity of forming and developing of a certain rationally consistent formal and informal institutions as well as their impact on specific and historical determining elements to construct a new country in the Southern continent.

So, as it is known, politics as a fundamental stuff of art gatherings inside all possible potentials define primarily means and resources of an entire compromise. And due to that its basic political model preferred by authoritative commanding establishment appeared to be as a perfect tool for veritable consensus. So, the mentioned pattern had been originated and settled with “a political treasure house” as well as being received by the Australian liberals as an inheritage from their British counterparts. And starting from that historical period and onwards among other rhetorical earnings of the local authoritative officers there had been occurring a firm political credo: “We’re always ready to make a compromise!”.

And therefore the whole number of parties as well as the entire Australian political milieu, over the first decade of the XX-th century, inspite of all rather sharp confrontations among liberals, laborites, conservatives, social reformers, socialists and others, had also been keeping on to follow almost half of a century long historically lasted tour. And all that was performed to the key official political course responsive to the State’s national interests.
Strategies of Australia’s Migration Policy: the Stages of Becoming, New Challenges and Responses to Today’s Threats
Authors: Romanenko O.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the Australia’s migration policy, the stages of its formation and development, the current situation. There are three stages of Australia’s post-World War II migration strategy: assimilation policy, integration policy, and a policy of cultural diversity and multiculturalism. This policy is regulated by the Australian Department of Immigration. Since its inception, the name of the Department has been changed more than ten times, reflecting the main directions of its activities and functions during these periods.

Summing up the results of the article, it can be said that the first head of the Department of Immigration in 1945 had promoted mass British immigration, proclaiming the slogan “Populate or Perish”, however the policy on immigrants and the name of the Department changed over time. In March 1996, the name of the institution had changed to the Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, whose slogan was “Enriching Australia through migration”. The main idea of immigration strategy was to create a multicultural country with strong potential due to its diversity. In 2007, the concept of multiculturalism was excluded from the name of the structure; more emphasis in the work of the Department was placed on the recognition of national identity, based on a number of core values, which still contribute to the development of a multicultural society. And in 2017 Department of Home Affairs was officially established, which today deals with all migration issues.

The country has an Australian migration program at the beginning of the XXI century, which provides several main reasons why citizens of another country can enter the continent for long-term residence: student’s, qualified immigration (taking into account the professional experience, skills or qualifications required by Australian economy at the time), family reunification (family members living in Australia), special circumstances (return of Australian citizens who have previously left the country). There is also a humanitarian program for refugee’s migration and adaptation to Australian life.
Ancestral Knowledges and the Ecuadorian Knowledge Society
Authors: von Sigsfeld Julia
Published: January 2021

The government of Rafael Correa (2007-2017) embarked on an ambitious project of diversifying the national economy to transition from a primary resource exporting economy to a competitive Knowledge Society and a Knowledge-Based Bio-Economy as biodiversity was conceptualized as the country’s most significant comparative advantage. This paper traces how peoples’ and nationalities’ knowledges, so-called ancestral knowledges, were elicited in unprecedented ways in this context of bringing about a change of the productive matrix. While knowledge in general was reframed as an infinite resource, ancestral knowledges were made productive for a state-led project of capitalist modernization.
Pengaruh Promosi dan Kualitas Layanan terhadap Minat Masyarakat Membayar Zakat
Authors: Murdani Nur Erdani
Published: January 2021

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam that every capable Muslim must do. One of the institutions that manage zakat funds is the National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS). This study aims to partially and simultaneously examine the effect of promotion and service quality on people's interest in paying zakat through BAZNAS, Indragiri Hilir Regency. This type of research is field research. The data used in this study were primary and secondary. 87 Respondents in this study were Muzakki in BAZNAS Indragiri Hilir Regency. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The data collection methods were questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique partially used the t-test and simultaneously used the Anova test. The results showed that either partially or simultaneously, promotion and service quality had a significant influence on people's interest in paying zakat in BAZNAS, Indragiri Hilir Regency.
Covert nail injury to the back: a case report
Authors: Usama Muhammad Kathia  , Iqra Rafiq  , Bilal Hussain  , Tausief Fatima  , Anwar Zeb Khan  , Danish Ali  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Occupational trauma in carpentry is common in our community due to lack of awareness on occupation safety and poor availability and adherence towards protective equipment. Here is an unusual case of a young carpenter who presented in orthopaedic outpatient department with complaint of difficulty in walking for last 4 days. On examination there was restricted movement of hip joint on extension. On further work up in the form of radiological investigations, a long iron nail was found as incidental finding in the back in close proximity to ascending colon and duodenum in retroperitoneum. Elective laparotomy was performed with removal of nail, patient improved clinically post operatively and his presenting complaints were completely resolved on further follow up. Continuous...
طريقة حل المشكلة وآثار استخدامها في تدريس النحو (دراسة تجريبية بمعهد الفلاح أبو لمؤ)
Authors: Yahya
Published: January 2021

Thariqah Hallu Al-Musykilah. This method encourages students to play their new role, thus it leads to effective and efficient learning appropriate with students experiences. Moreover, it provides opportunity for students to be responsible in solving their own problems, hence they engage positively and learn how to be active learners, not only listening from teachers. The students Al- Falah Abu Lam U have not had enough capability to implement Nahwu in daily life due to their weaknesses in Nahwu comprehension. Based on this phenomenon, the researcher decided to choose Thariqah Hallu Al-Musykilah and its application impacts on students’ score of grade five at Al Falah Abu Lam U in teaching Nahwu as the title of this thesis. The goal of this research is to identify the application and the effectiveness of Thariqah Hallu Al-Musykilah in teaching Nahwu. The method used by the researcher is experimental, meanwhile in data collection he conducted Pre-Test and Post-Test and analyzed the score achieved by students. The result of this research shows that Thariqah Hallu Al-Musykilah is effective in enhancing students’ ability in studying Nahwu. This indication is proven by the researcher through t= 5,01, t-table= 60 hence t= 5,1 and t-table= 2,000. At this point, it can be seen that t= 5,01 is higher than t-table= 2,000 and this indicates that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion of this research proves that Thariqah Hallu Al-Musykilah in teaching Nahwu is effective and has better impacts on students’ score of grade five at Al- Falah Abu Lam U.
PENAFSIRAN SURAT AN-NISA’ AYAT 34 TENTANG KEPIMPINAN DALAM AL-QURAN
Authors: Jaya Makmur
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the theory used by Ibn 'Asyur in interpreting Qs. An-Nisa 'verse 34, as well as describing Ibn' Asyur's interpretation of Qs. An-Nisa 'verse 34 about leadership in the Alquran. This study uses a qualitative method, the data is sourced from the library (library research). To reveal the contents of Ibn 'Asyur's interpretation of QS. An-Nisa verse 34 seen from the munasabah theory. The results of this study can be concluded that QS. An-Nisa verse 34 discusses the superiority of men to be entitled to be leaders, because Allah has exaggerated their class from some other groups. Certain groups often cut this verse for personal gain as a statement of legitimacy that men have the right to become leaders. However, Ibn 'Asyur's tafsirat-tahrir wa tanwir has explained more broadly with his theory of interpretation, that this statement is not true, because in the next sentence Allah explains the husband's obligations towards his wife or family and the actions of the nusyuz wife. Therefore QS. An-Nisa is not talking about leadership in general, but leadership in this verse speaks to the family circle.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR (EXPERT SYSTEM) UNTUK DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT DAN MASALAH PADA ANAK: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Fitriani Risna , Rahman La Ode Abdul
Published: January 2021

Pendahuluan: Anak sangat rentan terserang penyakit disebabkan karena lingkungan yang tidak sehat. Penanganan penyakit pada anak dapat dilakukan ahli medis dengan mudah apabila bisa mendiagnosa penyakit dengan cepat dan tepat. Sistem pakar adalah program komputer yang meniru perilaku pakar manusia. Sistem pakar mewakili pengetahuan yang diminta dari pakar manusia sebagai data atau aturan produksi dalam program komputer. Aturan dan data ini dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah yang kompleks di berbagai bidang salah satunya adalah bidang kesehatan. Tujuan dari studi literatur ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengembangan aplikasi sistem pakar dalam diagnosa dan masalah penyakit pada anak.
Metode: Dalam penelitian artikel ini menggunakan metode studi literatur, yaitu studi yang dilakukan dengan menganalisis literatur-literatur yang telah dipilih dari berbagai sumber melalui basis data online.
Hasil: Dari hasil telaah beberapa jurnal didapatkan berbagai pengembangan aplikasi sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa penyakit dan masalah pada anak.
Kesimpulan: Dengan adanya pengembangan aplikasi sistem pakar terkait diagnosa penyakit dan masalah pada anak, tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat mempercepat dalam mendiagnosis jenis penyakit dan masalah pada anak-anak, sehingga dapat dengan mudah diketahui jenis penyakit yang diderita.
PERBEDAAN JUMLAH PERTUMBUHAN KOLONI BAKTERI PADA RONGGA MULUT SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MEMAKAI OBAT KUMUR YANG MENGANDUNG ALKOHOL DAN NON ALKOHOL
Authors: Widana I Putu Eka , Inggraini Maulin , Nurfajriah Siti
Published: January 2021

Pendahuluan: Banyaknya penyakit pada gigi dan mulut mengharuskan masyarakat lebih menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan cara menggosok gigi dan pemakaian obat kumur. Obat kumur yang sering digunakan untuk membersihkan gigi dan mulut biasanya mengandung alkohol dan non alkohol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan jumlah pertumbuhan koloni bakteri pada rongga mulut sebelum dan sesudah memakai obat kumur yang mengandung alkohol dan non alkohol.
Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian pre test dan post test controlled group. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 20 responden yang dibagi menjadi kelompok A dan kelompok B yang masing-masing kelompok berjumlah 10 responden. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan perbedaan penurunan jumlah bakteri antara setelah berkumur menggunakanan obat kumur alkohol dan non alkohol didapatkan nilai rata-rata yaitu 1,9 x 101 CFU/ml (obat kumur alkohol) dan 4,6 x 101 CFU/ml (obat kumur non alkohol).
Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat penurunan jumlah bakteri pada rongga mulut sebelum dan sesudah berkumur menggunakan obat kumur alkohol dan non alkohol, namun obat kumur alkohol lebih efektif dalam menurunkan jumlah bakteri pada rongga mulut dibandingkan dengan obat kumur non alkohol.
ANALISA BAKTERIURIA ASIMTOMATIK PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA PALEMBANG
Authors: Jundinatra Rahma , Karneli Karneli , Refai Refai , Hermansyah Herry
Published: January 2021

Pendahuluan: Lingkungan hiperglikemik pada pasien DM tipe 2 lebih mudah menyebabkan pasien mengalami berbagai infeksi, salah satunya adalah Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK). Tidak semua ISK menunjukkan gejala, ISK yang tidak menunjukkan gejala adalah ISK asimtomatik atau bakteriuria asimtomatik. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui gambaran bakteriuria asimtomatik pada penderita DM tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin dan glukosauria.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional dan metode pemeriksaan urinalisis dengan carik celup. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling.
Hasil: Dari 30 penderita DM tipe 2  didapatkan sebanyak 7 penderita (23,3%) positif bakteriuria asimtomatik. Dari 24 penderita DM tipe 2 yang berumur lebih dari 45 tahun yang diperiksa, sebanyak 6 penderita (25,0%) positif. Sedangkan dari 6 penderita DM tipe 2 yang berumur kurang dari 45 tahun yang diperiksa, sebanyak 1 penderita (16,7%) positif. Dari 8 penderita DM tipe 2 laki-laki yang diperiksa sebanyak 1 penderita (12,5%) positif. Sedangkan dari 22 penderita DM tipe 2 perempuan yang diperiksa, sebanyak 6 penderita (27,3%) positif. Dari 13 glukosauria positif, sebanyak 5 penderita (38,5%) positif. Sedangkan dari 17 glukosauria negatif sebanyak 2 penderita (11,8%) positif.
Kesimpulan: Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa 7 dari 30 penderita DM tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang mengalami bakteriuria asimtomatik.
YAKINSAMA KÜLTÜRÜ VE TRANSMEDYA HİKÂYE ANLATICILIĞI ÜZERİNE
Authors: AKGÜL Mahmut , HEKİMOĞLU TOPRAK Hande
Published: January 2021

Gelişen teknoloji ile beraber hem yeni medyada hem geleneksel medyada çeşitlilik de artış göstermektedir. Günlük hayatın içinde kitle iletişim araçlarından gelen birçok veriye maruz kalan bireyler, seçimleri ile sürece dahil olmuşlardır. Yeni medyanın önemli getirilerinden biri olan yakınsama kültürü ile katılımcı rolleri artan bireyler, içerik üreticilerini ve / veya yapımcıları yeni yöntem arayışlarına yöneltmiştir. Bu yöntemlerin en önemlilerinden biri olan transmedya hikâye anlatımı ile oluşturulan içerik medya araçları arasında uyumlu hale getirilerek hikâye anlatısının güçlenmesi sağlanmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada “Eltilerin Savaşı” filmi transmedya hikâye anlatıcılığı açısından incelenmiş ve kullanıcıların / takipçilerin filmin resmi Instagram hesabına yaptıkları yorumlar, oluşturdukları içerikler betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir.
SPEECH RECOGNITION BASED EMBEDDED CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: HASAN PARVEZ , JOSEPH V. K.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this project is to operate or control Embedded system based on voice recognition, which helps to introduce hearing as well as Natural Language (NL) interface through Speech for the Human-Embedded system interaction. One of the important goals of pursued project is to introduce suitable user interface for novice user and the test plan is to design accordingly.
Early Detection of the Universal Bacterial and Fungal DNA in Late Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Villanueva Uy Ma. Esterlita , Briones Carmen R. , Uy Herbert G.
Published: January 2021

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Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Filipino Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients in a Tertiary Care
Authors: Tee Cherica A. , Dans Leonila F. , Tee Michael L.
Published: January 2021

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Factors Associated with Severe Mucosal Injury of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy after Caustic Substance Ingestion in Pediatrics
Authors: Batac-Dizon Ma. Charina , Cordero Cynthia P. , Gregorio Germana V.
Published: January 2021

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Field Testing of Ovicidal-Larvicidal Trap System with Pelletized Extracts of Piper nigrum L. for Aedes Mosquito in Quezon City and Marikina City
Authors: Briones Annabelle V. , Garbo Alicia G. , Casa Edmar P. , Bion Hermelina H. , Almanzor Nuna E. , Bernardo Severino T.
Published: January 2021

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The Use of Steroids in Spinal Cord Injuries: Origins of a Controversy
Authors: Legaspi Eric Dennis C.
Published: January 2021

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Entomological Survey of Artificial Container Breeding Sites of Dengue Vectors in Batasan Hills, Quezon City
Authors: Salamat Maria Sonia S. , Cochon Kim L. , Crisostomo Gertrude Camille C. , Gonzaga Pauline Beatriz S. , Quijano Nathanael A. , Torio Jennifer F. , Villanueva Aristea A.
Published: January 2021

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Significant Predictors of Underutilization of Inpatient Benefits among PhilHealth Members in Selected Barangays in Manila
Authors: Faraon Emerito Jose A. , Estrada Josue Antonio G. , Farillas Ena Lauren F. , Mabera Francis Regis D. , Paras Arwin Marie P. , Pastrana Maria Katrina R. , Yap Albert Mitchell L.
Published: January 2021

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A Preliminary Survey on the Knowledge and Technique of Midline Abdominal Wall Closure among General Surgeons
Authors: Faylona Jose Macario V.
Published: January 2021

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Sample Size Determination in an Epidemiologic Study using the EpiTools Web-Based Calculator
Authors: Villarta, Jr. Romeo L. , Asaad Abubakar S.
Published: January 2021

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Chronic Heart Failure Guidelines: A Critique
Authors: Abarquez, Jr. Ramon F. , Reganit Paul Ferdinand M. , Chungunco Carmen N. , Alcover Jean D. , Punzalan Felix Eduardo R. , Reyes Eugenio B.
Published: January 2021

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Valuation for Cigarettes among University of the Philippines Manila Students through Stated Preference Methods
Authors: Delos Trinos John Paul Caesar R. , Lobo Liana Mae J. , Cabaña Charmaine Joy A. , De Leon Shermaine Anne B. , Guiñez Abigail Ann A. , Asaad Abubakar S.
Published: January 2021

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Chromosomal Aberrations among Filipino Health Workers at the Chemotherapy Oncology Wards/ Clinics of a Tertiary Government Hospital
Authors: Ngelangel Corazon A. , Villanueva-Timbol Karen , Fuerte Fatima dG. , Tiangco Beatrice J. , Tanael Jr. Susano B. , Enriquez Ma. Luisa D.
Published: January 2021

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Validation of a PCR-based Test for the Genetic Diagnosis of Filipino Patients with X-Linked Dystonia Parkinsonism (Xdp)
Authors: Pasco Paul Matthew D. , Kawarai Toshitaka , Silao Catherine Lynn T. , Canson Daffodil M. , Lee Lillian V. , Kaji Ryuji
Published: January 2021

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Recurrent Tetanus in Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients of the Philippine General Hospital
Authors: Bautista Jesi Ellen C. , Shiong Shu Leah L. , Pascual Jose Leonard R. , Pasco Paul Matthew D.
Published: January 2021

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Impact of Histopathological Profile on Disease Progression of Breast Cancer Patients during the 1st 1-2 Years follow-up: Evidence from the Philippine DOH-Breast Cancer Medicine Access Program
Authors: Semira Marie Christine G. , Balbuena Joanne Marie L. , Htun-Javier Vanina , Sandoval-Tan Jennifer , Ngelangel Corazon A. , Guerrero Anna Melissa S. , Rosario Rachel Marie B. , Marcaida Romeo V.
Published: January 2021

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Understanding Current Attitudes to HER2 Testing for Breast Cancer at Tertiary Referral Hospitals of Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Orolfo-Real Irisyl , Tanael Susano B. , Avila Jose Ma C. , Ngelangel Corazon A. , Tiambeng Ma. Lourdes A.
Published: January 2021

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Satisfaction in HER2 Testing among Medical Oncologists – Aiming for Multidisciplinary HER2 Testing in the Philippines
Authors: De Dios Ivy D. , Tan Chun Bing Jerry Y. , Tanael Susano B. , Ngelangel Corazon A. , Tiambeng Ma. Lourdes A.
Published: January 2021

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Knowledge, Attitudes, Sexual Behaviors and Utilization of Health Services among Filipino Men who have Sex with Men (MSM)
Authors: Amit Jansil Marie L. , Jimenez Sarah Jane A. , Magno Carla Jane Concepcion O. , Andaya Angelico Rome Y. , Saniel Ofelia P.
Published: January 2021

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Detection of Legionella spp. in Water Samples taken from Cooling Tower and Water Holding Systems in a Hospital in Metro Manila
Authors: De Roxas Dianne Melody A. , Ortega Adelwisa R.
Published: January 2021

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Change in Bone Mineral Density of Filipino Patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta after 6 Months of Pamidronate Therapy in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines
Authors: Abacan Mary Ann R. , Boquiren Ryan Albert Leonard N. , Elepaño Imarzen V. , Alcausin Maria Melanie Liberty B.
Published: January 2021

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Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Pathogenic Vibrios Isolated from Green Mussel, Perna viridis L. 1758 in Bacoor Bay, Cavite, Philippines
Authors: Tabo Norbel A. , Ramirez Vivian B. , Tabo Hazel Anne L. , Gloriani Nina G.
Published: January 2021

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Development of a Patient Satisfaction Tool for Tertiary Hospitals in the Philippines: the Filipino Patient-Based Approach
Authors: Pagkatipunan Paulo Maria N.
Published: January 2021

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Unstable Posterior Acetabular Fractures: Early Results of Delayed Reduction and Fracture Fixation Using the Kocher-Langenbeck Approach with Trochanteric Flip Osteotomy
Authors: Lai Joseph L. , Tabu Irewin A. , Jacob Majah S.
Published: January 2021

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Tension Band Wiring of the Olecranon: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Bautista Jose Ma D. , Manalastas Rene Edgardo C.
Published: January 2021

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Content Analysis of Tweets of Pregnant Women with Diabetes
Authors: Isip-Tan Iris Thiele , Madamba Helen V. , Balandra Jr. Rene James P.
Published: January 2021

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Pattern of Nodal Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma among Filipinos
Authors: Grullo Precious Eunice R. , Carrillo Ryner Jose DC. , Pontejos, Jr. Alfredo Quintin Y.
Published: January 2021

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Thyroid Gland Involvement in Advanced Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Holgado Jan Warren A. , Grullo Precious Eunice R. , Gloria Jonel Donn Leo S. , Pontejos, Jr. Alfredo Quintin Y.
Published: January 2021

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Neck Bypass Modification for Inferior Trapezius Flaps: A Discussion of Surgical Technique and Experience
Authors: Chiong, Jr. Armando M. , Mejia Olivia Agnes D. , Buelva Alzhes R. , Balmores Katrina Anne R.
Published: January 2021

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Spatial Analysis of the Distribution of Reported Dengue Incidence in the National Capital Region, Philippines
Authors: Pangilinan Mark Anthony P. , Gonzales Derice Paolo G. , Leong Robert Neil F. , Co Frumencio F.
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective. With an aim of developing an effective disease monitoring and surveillance of dengue fever, this study intends to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue incidences in the National Capital Region (NCR), across four years of reported dengue cases.

Materials and Methods. Data used was provided by the Department of Health (DOH) consisting of all reported dengue cases in NCR from 2010-2013. For mapping and visualization, a shapefile of NCR was made readily available by www.philgis.org. Both Moran’s I and Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistics (SaTScan) were used to identify clusters across the same time period. Results and Conclusion. The analyses identified significant clustering of dengue incidence and revealed that the northern cities of NCR, such as Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas and Valenzuela, exhibited high spatial autocorrelation using local Moran’s I and Kulldorff’s SaTScan. A temporal analysis of the results also suggested movement in increased dengue incidence through time, from the northwest cities to the northeast cities. Presence of spatial autocorrelation in dengue incidence suggests possible enhancements of early detection schemes for dengue surveillance. Moreover, the results of these analyses will be of interest to both policymakers and health experts in providing a basis for which they can properly allocate resources for the prevention and treatment of dengue fever.
Dietary Diversity of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program Beneficiary and Non-beneficiary Households in Selected Barangays in San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines
Authors: Vigilla-Montecillo Kristine R. , Hurtada Wilma A. , Gordoncillo Normahitta P. , Depositario Dinah Pura T.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. The study aimed to analyze the household dietary diversity of beneficiary and non-beneficiary households of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) in selected barangays in San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines and determine the nutritional status of children (6-60 months old) within these households. Methods. Household dietary diversity score (HDDS) was used as an indicator for the households’ dietary diversity. The nutritional status of children was determined using anthropometric data from the Barangay Health Centers. A total of 270 households was randomly selected through stratified random sampling with equal allocation. Results. Findings showed that beneficiary households had higher HDDS compared to the non-beneficiary households. The results also suggest that beneficiary households with larger household size, higher income, who were living in rural areas and who have female as well as more educated financial managers, tend to have a more diverse diet. On the other hand, a higher prevalence of malnutrition was observed among children in beneficiary households. Conclusion. Beneficiary households of 4Ps had better diet quality in terms of diversity than non-beneficiary households. However, the advantage of having a more diverse diet has not fully addressed the malnutrition problem among children as it was still widely prevalent in beneficiary households.
Birth Defects at the Outpatient Department of the Philippine General Hospital from 2000-2010
Authors: Padilla Carmencita D. , Baluyot Melissa Mae P. , Sur Aster Lynn D. , Merencilla Roxanne Janica E. , Alcausin Maria Melanie Liberty B.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Birth defects or congenital anomalies are a major global concern. An estimated 7.9 million children are born worldwide each year. Birth defects are among the top ten leading causes of infant deaths in the Philippines for more than six decades. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine the frequency of birth defects among patients seen at the Outpatient Department (OPD) of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) from 2000 to 2010; 2) describe the birth defects by organ systems and presentation (isolated, part of a recognizable syndrome, chromosomal syndrome or multimalformed case); 3) present the distribution of patients by geographic origin; 4) describe the birth defects according to age group and organ system; and 5) compare the data from this study to the previously published report among admitted patients at PGH in the same time period. Methods. Medical records of new patients seen at the PGH OPD from 2000 to 2010 were reviewed. Medical records that included written diagnosis of any of the following International Classification of Diseases (ICD) -10 codes (Q 00 – Q 99, P 35.0, P 83.5, K40, H49.0, H50.0, H50.1, H53.0, H54.42, H54.7, and H55.01) were considered birth defect cases. Results. Out of the 804,410 new patients at the PGH OPD from 2000 to 2010, 12,827 patients (1.59%) had a diagnosis of at least one major structural birth defect. The most common birth defects were cardiovascular, digestive, genital organ and nervous system anomalies. The top 5 anomalies in this report were: congenital malformations of cardiac septa, other congenital malformations not elsewhere classified, cleft palate with cleft lip, congenital hydrocoele, and congenital hydrocephalus. The highest percentage of birth defects were from the < 1 age group (40.3%), followed by the 1 to 4 age group (29%) and the 5 to 9 age group (14.6%). NCR, Region IV-A and Region III had the highest percentages of patients with birth defects, 51.4%, 26.03% and 10.97%, respectively. Conclusion. This study revealed a prevalence of birth defects among PGH OPD patients of 1.59%. The most common birth defects were possibly surgically correctable reflecting the nature of PGH as a referral center. Majority of patients affected were in the under-5 population. The study reflects the importance of a birth defects surveillance to develop policies on strategies that will reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality secondary to preventable birth defects like congenital rubella syndrome that can be aborted by a successful immunization program. The birth defects surveillance will generate data that will support strengthening the regional hospitals with a better complement of specialists and capability for both medical and surgical management of the patients.
Clinical, Biochemical and Molecular Profile of Variant Galactosemia in Children Detected by National Newborn Screening: A Pilot Study
Authors: Capistrano-Estrada Sylvia , Canson Daffodil M. , Silao Catherine Lynn T.
Published: January 2021

Objective. The observed irregularities in the biochemical profile and the limited information on long-term outcomes among patients with Duarte variant (D/G) galactosemia have led to patient management variability. This study examined the molecular characteristics of Filipino patients with presumed variant galactosemia for confirmation of diagnosis. It also aimed to describe the corresponding biochemical, clinical and neurodevelopmental profiles in order to gain a better understanding of the patients with normal galactose metabolites in spite of low to absent GALT activity detected by the local newborn screening program. Methods. Thirteen (13) patients who were presumed to have a variant form of galactosemia by national newborn screening between 2002 and 2010, and who previously underwent physical and neurodevelopmental assessment were included in the study. Repeat clinical, ophthalmologic and neurodevelopmental evaluations were done upon recruitment of participants. Direct sequence analysis of the coding region of the GALT gene was conducted to determine the patients’ genotypes. Results. None of the patients’ genotypes were consistent with Duarte variant (D/G) galactosemia. Their genotypes reflect the normal total blood galactose levels in patients, but were inconsistent with the absent or trace GALT activity. Conclusion. Molecular testing for the entire cohort of presumed “variant” galactosemia Filipino patients will provide better profiling of this condition. Re-evaluation and assessment of the current guidelines used by national newborn screening in classifying variant galactosemia are recommended.
Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis in a Filipino Child with Epilepsy and Progressive Neurodegeneration
Authors: Chiong Mary Anne D. , Sanchez-Gan Benilda C.
Published: January 2021

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses correspond to a group of disorders characterized by neurodegeneration and intracellular buildup of auto-flourescent lipopigment (ceroid lipofuscin). They are classified by age of onset into infantile, late infantile, juvenile and adult forms. Among these, the late infantile type is caused by mutations in tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1) gene and is characterized by age of onset between 2-4 years, seizures, early progressive cognitive impairment and visual loss. Our patient is a 4-year-old girl who presented at 2 years and 10 months old with seizures followed by ataxia, regression of skills and eventual visual decline. TPP1 enzyme activity was below normal for age. This report aims to increase the awareness of physicians on the cluster of symptoms characteristic of this disorder which will help facilitate early diagnosis and prompt institution of appropriate management.
Haddad Syndrome: A Case Report in a Filipino Infant
Authors: Dion-Berboso April Grace , Alcausin Maria Melanie Liberty B.
Published: January 2021

Haddad syndrome is a rare congenital disorder in which congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) occurs with Hirschsprung’s disease. It is extremely rare with only more than 60 cases reported in the worldwide literature. We report on a Filipino newborn male infant who presented with signs and symptoms of progressive abdominal enlargement, bowel obstruction, and recurrent hypoventilation. The diagnosis of Haddad syndrome was made clinically and confirmed by sequence analysis of the PHOX2B gene which showed a 27repeat heterozygous expansion of the polyalanine-coding region. All CCHS patients require assisted ventilation especially during sleep to prevent lung atelectasis and other complications. An early diagnosis and confirmation by genetic testing is vital for proper management of affected patients.
Profile of Pediatric Patients with Cerebral Palsy at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Philippine General Hospital
Authors: Hebreo Angelita Roma P. , Ang-Muñoz Cynthia D. , Abiera Joycie Eulah E. , Dungca Monalisa L. , Mancao Betty D.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Data is necessary for a hospital-wide cerebral palsy (CP) profile, this being the leading pediatric diagnosis at the PGH Rehabilitation Medicine Out Patient clinic. This study aims to identify clinical features, severity of disability and common interventions in pediatric CP patients. Methods: CP profile data collection forms were accomplished from September 2014 to December 2015. Primary Results: Among 125 participants: 55% were < 5 years old, 47% were delivered vaginally, 42% had perinatal onset of condition, 34% had normal birth weight and 23% were moderately preterm. Most were quadriplegic (36%) and spastic (50%). Primary caregivers were mostly mothers (45%) and <20 years old (38%). Mobility-wise, 29% had Gross Motor Function Classification System score of 3. For hand function, 31% scored 2 in the Manual Ability Classification System and 26% were ‘below average’ in the Peabody Developmental Motor Skills-2. Common problems were: feeding (100%), communication (63%), seizure (58%), visual (56%) and auditory (54%). Majority (73%) had access to government medical facilities; 18% had no access. Physical (64%) and occupational (29%) therapy were common interventions; 29% received special education. Conclusion: A hospital-wide cerebral palsy profile should be established to monitor CP, given its multifactorial cause and complex functional impact. Trends should be correlated with maternal and patient factors, healthcare provision and socioeconomics.
Factors and Issues on Treatment Adherence among Filipino Patients with Epilepsy and their Caregivers
Authors: De Roxas Ranhel C. , Abejero Joshua Emmanuel E. , Cabral-Lim Leonor I.
Published: January 2021

Background. Non-adherence to treatment in epilepsy is considered as a worldwide problem ranging from 30-50% of patients. Despite its striking magnitude, only a few studies tried to explain the factors affecting it. Moreover, a standard method to measure adherence to treatment among patients is still lacking. An in-depth analysis on adherence to treatment of patients with epilepsy, taking into factor their values, beliefs, and culture, is deemed necessary. Objectives. The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate the contributory factors and issues on treatment adherence faced by Filipino patients with epilepsy and their caregivers. This study also aimed to serve as a catalyst to further stimulate local researches on treatment adherence in epilepsy. Methods. Four focus group discussions were conducted with patients and caregivers who voluntarily agreed to participate and share their experiences on dealing with epilepsy. A total of 39 participants were included. The focus group discussions, facilitated by skilled moderators, were composed of an ice breaker and a discussion on the experiences and issues faced by the participants. The discussions were transcribed and analyzed using thematic coding. Results. Three main content categories were identified from the focus group discussions, namely, 1) accepting a life with epilepsy, 2) dealing with the disease, and 3) ensuring freedom from seizure attacks, which were further sub-categorized. From these, a number of factors affecting treatment adherence were identified and a conceptual framework was developed by the investigators. Conclusion. This study was able to demonstrate that conducting a focus group discussion was an effective means of eliciting the experiences and issues in patients and their caregivers. Several factors affecting treatment adherence such as patient-doctor relationship, financial resources, government support, adverse medication effects, religious belief, trigger avoidance, frequent reminders, and safety precautions were elucidated in this study.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Post-stroke Dysphagia: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Bernardo-Aliling Nicole A. , Rivera Adovich S. , Pasco Paul Matthew D.
Published: January 2021

Background. Dysphagia is common among post-stroke patients, causing disability due to malnutrition and pneumonia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a novel treatment modality to address this complication. Objective. The study aimed to compare real versus sham rTMS in treating post-stroke dysphagia. Methods. PubMed, Ovid, ClinicalKey, Herdin, and Google Scholar databases were searched from their earliest record to 31 July 2015 for randomized controlled trials that used rTMS to treat post-stroke dysphagia. The Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of the studies. The weighted mean difference (WMD) between baseline and post-treatment mean for Penetration Aspiration Scores (PAS) measured in the experimental and control groups were extracted for subsequent meta-analyses. Results. Three studies were analyzed. The WMD in PAS score between rTMS and control using liquid bolus two weeks after treatment in two good quality studies was -1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.80 – -0.48, P = 0.001, I2 = 0.0%), and after four weeks was -1.83 (CI = -3.22 – -0.44, P = 0.010, I2 = 0.0%). Conclusion. Treatment of post-stroke dysphagia with rTMS improved PAS on subgroup analyses of studies using liquid bolus after two weeks, and between real and sham treatment after four weeks.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Coexistent Psoriasis Vulgaris: a Case Report
Authors: Tan Joyce Anne S. , Tababa Erin Jane L. , Dimacali Coralie D. , Yap-Silva Claudine
Published: January 2021

We report a 42-year-old female with a 20-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus who subsequently developed psoriasis vulgaris. She has been on chronic, erratic prednisone and hydroxychloroquine intake prior to appearance of psoriatic lesions. Hydroxychloroquine and glucocorticoids are possible triggers of this phenomenon. Both diseases have a shared susceptibility loci and a shared Th17 pathophysiologic pathway. Treatment with methotrexate and selected biologics can target both disease mechanisms.
The Effect of Nifedipine used as Tocolytic Agent on Postpartum Blood Loss among Filipino Pregnant Patients in a Tertiary Hospital: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: De Jesus Ma. Sheryll R. , Zalameda-Castro Carolyn R.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To determine the risk of postpartum hemorrhage among patients who were treated with nifedipine for tocolysis of preterm labor.

Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 66 pregnant women admitted for preterm labor. One group of women was given nifedipine to give time for the administration of corticosteroids for fetal lung maturity and/or control of preterm labor and another group was not given nifedipine as they were admitted in advanced stage of labor (ie, more than or equal to 4 cm cervical dilatation). Independent/paired sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U/Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the difference of mean, median, and frequency between and within groups, respectively. STATA 12.0 was used for data analysis.

Results. There was more blood loss during delivery, which was statistically significant, among those who received nifedipine compared to those who have not taken the medicine (350 mL versus 250 mL, p = 0.021). Furthermore, the decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit were also lower among those who did not receive nifedipine compared to those who received nifedipine for tocolysis (8.5 mg/dL versus 16.0 mg/dL, p = 0.014 and 0.03 versus 0.05, p = 0.010), again, statistically significant.

Conclusion. Nifedipine used as tocolytic appear to increase blood loss during delivery, which was statistically significant. Greater amount of blood loss may be anticipated among those with nifedipine intake thus helping the obstetrician in preparing for active management of postpartum hemorrhage and preventing maternal morbidity and mortality.
Arginine Supplementation in Patients diagnosed with drug-sensitive Pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Cheng Paula Victoria Catherine Y. , So Paolo Nikolai H. , Velasco, Jr. Rogelio N. , Maghuyop Norman L.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To determine the effects of arginine in the rates of sputum conversion in patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods. Studies from PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane were reviewed and appropriate studies were included. Randomized controlled trials comparing arginine with placebo in adult patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A metaanalysis of the rate of sputum conversion at 8 weeks, was conducted. Post hoc analyses of sputum conversion at 4 weeks, and cough reduction at 4 and 8 weeks were done.

Results. Three articles included in this study had a pooled population of 452 participants. This meta-analysis showed no significant difference in the sputum conversion at 4 and 8 weeks, with a relative risk of 0.96 (95% CI 0.77-1.20) and 1.07 (95% CI 0.96-1.19), respectively. However, cough was significantly reduced at 4 and 8 weeks, with subtotal relative risks of 0.91 (95% CI 0.82-1.00) and 0.43 (95% CI 0.22-0.81), and a total relative risk for cough reduction of 0.83 (95% CI 0.73-0.93).

Conclusion. While arginine may not significantly reduce sputum conversion rates, it may be used as an adjunct to decrease cough in patients with tuberculosis.