bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mettre un quartier sur la carte : Cartographie participative et innovation numérique à Cotonou (Bénin)
Authors: Choplin Armelle , Lozivit Martin
Published: May 2019

Cet article se propose de revenir sur une expérience de cartographie participative et d’innovation numérique conduite en 2018 dans un quartier précaire de Cotonou, capitale économique du Bénin. Mené avec un FabLab béninois et la communauté OpenStreetMap Bénin, le projet Map & Jerry a permis de mettre sur la carte un quartier précaire jusqu’alors absent de la carte officielle de la ville. La réflexion porte sur la production de cette carte, sa légitimité et ses impacts, notamment sociaux et politiques, auprès d’habitants et d’autorités locales peu familiers des outils cartographiques. Le papier apporte un regard critique sur l’innovation numérique et la transposition de ces questions dans une ville du Sud. Le papier s’interroge enfin sur la durabilité de ce type de projet et les enjeux soulevés en matière de reconnaissance du droit à la ville des citoyens marginalisés.
The Vacancy-Wind Factor and the Manning Factor Occurring in Interdiffusion and Ionic Conductivity in Solids
Authors: Belova Irina V. , Murch Graeme E.
Published: May 2019

In crystalline solids, during such processes as chemical interdiffusion in alloys, ionic conductivity and the annealing out of radiation damage there will inevitably be a net flux of vacancies. In most cases, when different species of atoms have different jump rates with vacancies within a net flux of vacancies, the phenomenon of the vacancy-wind effect will occur. This effect was first discovered in the 1960s by the late Dr John Manning. It is a subtle phenomenon that comes about because of the local redistribution of the equilibrium concentration of vacancies with respect to two or more species of drifting atoms in a driving force. The effect is captured in various ‘vacancy-wind factors’ (some of which are now sometimes called Manning factors) which formally arise from non-zero off-diagonal Onsager phenomenological transport coefficients and non-unity values of the tracer correlation factors. In this paper, the effect is reviewed and discussed.
Characterization of Cuprous Oxide Thin Films for Application in Solar Cells
Authors: Nordseth Ørnulf , Chilibon Irinela , Svensson Bengt Gunnar , Kumar Raj , Foss Sean Erik , Vasiliu Cristina , Baschir Laurentiu , Savastru Dan , Fara Laurentiu , Dumitru Constantin , Fara Silvian , Dragan Florin , Filipescu Mihaela , Trusca Roxana
Published: May 2019

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has a high optical absorption coefficient and favourable electrical properties, which make Cu2O thin films attractive for photovoltaic applications. Using reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, high quality Cu2O thin films with good carrier transport properties were prepared. This paper presents the characteristics of Cu2O thin films that were sputter deposited on quartz substrates and subjected to post-deposition rapid thermal annealing. The thickness of the thin films and the optical constants were determined by ellipsometry spectroscopy (SE). The optical transmittance increased in lower wavelength region after annealing at 900 ̊C in rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The structural and morphological properties of the Cu2O thin films were investigated by electronic scanning microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), whereas elemental analysis was performed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The carrier mobility, carrier density and film resistivity were changed after post-deposition rapid thermal annealing from respectively ~14 cm2/Vs, ~2.3 x 1015 cm-3 and ~193 Ωcm for the as-deposited Cu2O film to ~49 cm2/Vs, ~5.0 x 1014 cm-3 and ~218 Ωcm for the annealed Cu2O film. The investigation suggests that the sputter-deposited Cu2O thin films have good potential for application as absorber layers in solar cells.
Optimization of Holographic Labels for Security Applications
Authors: Tomescu Roxana , Parvulescu Catalin , Cristea Dana , Bita Bogdan , Comanescu Brandus , Pelteacu Mihaela
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we propose a new approach for fabrication processes of microstructures composed of diffractive optical elements (DOE) and security elements. The holographic lithography is combined with laser lithography to obtain highly secured holographic labels for products protection. The secret key is an untraceable and hardly reproducible geometry and can be embedded in the labels or stickers to increase the level of security and diminish the possibility of products counterfeiting. In our process, the holographic structure composed of DOEs, and the key are designed separately by two authorized designers and recombined using double exposure followed by a single development step. The layout of microstructures that composes the security key are known only by the designer.
Microstructure and Texture Control in Cold Rolled High Strength Steels
Authors: Janakiram S. , Gautam J. Prakash , Miroux A. , Moerman J. , Kestens Leo
Published: May 2019

Formability had been important property of metals which is attributed to the texture development during thermomechanical processing particularly during hot rolling and cold rolling. In the present paper, the high strength steels with different carbon and manganese composition have been hot rolled above and below of austenite recrystallization temperature and followed by fast cooling up to different coiling temperature to get hot bands with different texture and two phase microstructure consisting ferrite with pearlite, bainite and martensite. Subsequently, these hot bands were cold rolled with 80 percent under plain strain condition. The microstructure of cold rolled sheets samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscope and showed the cold rolled microstructure with strong pancaked of two phase which was carried from the hot rolling. Cold rolled texture in ferrite pearlite microstructure is completely replaced by new texture components from hot rolled condition without the effect of Tnr. Hot rolled texture was retained in ferrite-bainite and martensite microstructure with the effect of Tnr. Increase in alloy chemistry weakens the texture intensity in ferrite pearlite/bainite microstructure. Whereas increase in alloy chemistry strengthens the texture intensity in ferrite martensite microstructure.
Mechanical Properties of Capsaicum Oleoresin (CO) Impregnated in Porous Silica/Polylactic Acid (PLA) Composites
Authors: Techawinyutham Laongdaw , Dangtungee Rapeephun
Published: May 2019

Flexibility of Polylactic acid (PLA) is improved by mixing capsicum oleoresin (CO) impregnated in mesoporous silica (SiCO) in the PLA matrix with SiCO concentration of 0.77 wt%, 1.54 wt% and 3.08 wt%. CO extracted from hot chili (Capsicum frutescens linn) is natural oil, non-toxic and good for environment. The SiCO/PLA composites were investigated water absorption, tear resistance and hardness properties. The improvement of tear strength of SiCO/PLA composites is due to increase in chain mobility of PLA because of the presence of capsicum oil. Hardness of the PLA composites slightly reduces with increasing SiCO concentration. SiCO/PLA composites are suitable for food packaging due to slightly water absorption. SiCO can improve flexibility of PLA. The optimum content of SiCO in PLA matrix is 3.08 wt%.
Effects of Tourmaline Concentration on Natural Rubber Foam
Authors: Chayaphan Phittinun , Dangtungee Rapeephun
Published: May 2019

Natural rubber foam/tourmaline composite was prepared from natural rubber latex and vulcanized by sulfur curing system. Tourmaline powder was dispersed in potassium oleate before foaming production. The batch foaming production was used in this research. In order to investigate the effects of tourmaline concentration in natural rubber foam, mechanical properties, microstructure, and thermal skin temperature analysis were performed. Increasing of tourmaline concentration affected on high density and small microstructure of natural rubber foam, and the increasing of skin temperature. EDS result confirmed the good distribution of tourmaline powder in natural foam.
Effect of Using MgO-Oil Nanofluid on the Performance of a Counter-Flow Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
Authors: Ali Abdallah Yousef Mohammed , El-Shazly Ahmed Hassan , El Kady Marwa F. , Elqady Hesham Ibrahim , El-Marghany Mohamed R.
Published: May 2019

In the present study, heat transfer characteristics of MgO-oil based nanofluid in a miniature counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger are investigated experimentally and numerically. The nanofluid is a mixture of corn oil as a base fluid and MgO particles in nanorange. The heat exchanger is fabricated from 316 stainless steel with length 500 mm. Cold water flows in the annulus side, and the nanofluid is utilized as the hot medium in the inner tube. ANSYS FLUENT 17,0 commercial software was employed for numerical investigation. The results obtained from using nanofluids are compared with the pure oil base fluid as a hot medium. Effects of inlet flow rate of hot nanofluids and concentration of nanoparticles are considered. It is observed that the average heat transfer rates for nanofluids are higher than those for pure corn oil. The improvement of both MgO concentration and inlet flow rates of nanofluid has a positive impact on the overall heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer rate. In contrast, the pumping power augments as well as the pressure drop increases.
Liquid Capacitor Based on Hafnium Oxide
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umair , Hassan Gul , Raza Muhammad Asim , Bae Jin Ho
Published: May 2019

In this work, we synthesize Hafnium (IV) oxide (HfO2) ink from hafnium chloride (HfCl4) powder assisted with deionized water. The poly acrylic acid (PAA) is used as surfactant to decrease the surface tension. Conversion of HfCl4 into HfO2 was detected by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) characterization techniques. This proposed ink can be easily synthesized at a low temperature. Using the synthesis ink, a liquid capacitor is proposed, which is tested for electrochemical analysis. Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated PET is used as bottom and top current collector electrode, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold is used as separator, and HfO2 ink is used as aqueous electrolyte. Liquid capacitor is also tested on different bending diameters using bending machine from flat down to 10 mm bending curvature, which shows a stable capacitor function.
RSM Modeling and Taguchi Analysis of EDM of B4C and Flyash Reinforced Hybrid Nanocomposites
Authors: Mahanta Sweety , Chandrasekaran Muthumari , Samanta Sutanu
Published: May 2019

In this research work, EDM investigation of Al7075-B4C-flyash hybrid metal matrix nanocomposites (HMMNCs) was performed. Taguchi method was used to improve the machinability coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) to estimate the relationship between the machining parameters and performance measures. Experiments were conducted using the L18 full-factorial design with a mixed orthogonal array. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effects of the machining parameters viz. voltage (V), current (I), pulse-on-time (Ton) and pulse-off-time (Toff) on tool wear rate (TWR) and surface roughness (SR). The analysis results revealed that the current was the dominant factor affecting the performance measures (62.87% for TWR and 78.82% for SR). The RSM models show very close relation with the experimental and the predicted values with the R2 values of 98.91% and 97.35% for TWR and SR respectively. The Taguchi method can effectively optimize the EDM parameters and confirmation test results showed the minimum error of 6.00% for TWR and 9.67% for SR.
Effect of Melt Temperature on Weld Line Strength
Authors: Raz Karel , Sedlacek Frantisek
Published: May 2019

This article deals with the influence of the melt temperature on weld line strength in injection-molded plastic parts. A special mold was created for this investigation to make specimens with a central weld line. The experimental material was polypropylene Sabic PP 90910. Its stress at break is around 16 MPa and its melting temperature is between 200°C and 260°C. In general, the presence of weld lines has a negative impact on mechanical properties. This investigation showed that the strength depends on the melt temperature (160–260°C in this case). Strength was measured using mechanical testing. It was found to increase with the melt temperature, up to 210°C. Above 210°C, degradation of the plastic led to decreasing strengths. A melt temperature range of 190–210°C is therefore optimal for this application. Shear forces and friction were found to play a great role, as they raise the melt temperature during molding. This was confirmed by mold-flow analysis. The melt temperature during molding was up to 18% higher than the initial melt temperature. This investigation has important consequences for the plastic industry. It is relevant to evaluations of the polymer matrix strength in composite materials and the strength of 3D printed parts with multiple weld lines.
Synthesis and Characterization of Composite of Al2O3/ Activated Carbon by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Allwar Allwar , Sari Meidita Kemala , Rahmawati Feby , Amatullah Afra Najiyah
Published: May 2019

Composite of Al2O3/activated carbon (Al2O3/AC) has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. It was synthesized from activated carbon from oil palm shell waste by mixing with Al2O3 powder in ethanol. The mixer was placed in a hydrothermal reactor and heated up to 250°C for 3 hours. Comparison study of surface area between activated carbon and composite of Al2O3/AC indicate that surface area decreased from 67.6 to 65.3 m2/g. However, XRD analysis shows that there was a slight different hkl phase. Characterization using FTIR showed that the composite have more oxygen functional groups compared with activated carbon. SEM-EDX of composite of Al2O3/AC showed an increasing of crystalline structure on the surface.
Kinetics and Isotherm Studies of Methyl Orange Adsorption Using Polyethyleneimine-Graphene Oxide Polymer Nanocomposite Beads
Authors: Nolasco Jirah Emmanuel T. , Cañeba Elaine Nicole O. , Edquila Karl Michael V. , Espita Joel Ian C. , Perez Jem Valerie D.
Published: May 2019

Nanocomposite beads containing 2% chitosan (CS), 2% polyethyleneimine (PEI), and 1,500 ppm graphene oxide (GO) were synthesized for the removal of methyl orange (MO) from water. Characterization of the CS-PEI-GO beads using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed favorable adsorbent properties as given by the presence of numerous surface functional groups and a porous structure. Effects of different parameters such as pH, contact time, and initial concentration on the percentage removal of MO and adsorption capacity of the beads were investigated by performing batch adsorption experiments. MO removal of more than 85% was achieved by the beads across a wide pH range. Kinetic studies were performed and a pseudo-second order kinetic equation with R2 of 0.9999 was obtained. Furthermore, adsorption equilibrium data for MO were best described by the Toth isotherm model (R2 = 0.9644), suggesting multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous adsorption sites with a maximum adsorption capacity of 421.51 mg/g. Finally, FTIR and SEM analyses after adsorption confirmed the presence of MO on the surface of the beads and revealed an intact and stable structure. Overall, the excellent adsorption capability and multi-functionality demonstrated in this study show great potential of the synthesized material for wastewater treatment applications.
Nanostructured Membrane of Sodium Montmorillonite Reinforced Cellulose Acetate for Adsorption of Ca(II) and Mg(II) Ions in Hard Water
Authors: Aquino Ruth R. , Tolentino Marvin S. , Ramolete Diana Jean C. , Calingasan Arra M. , Dela Cruz Minerhiza N. , Basilia Blessie A.
Published: May 2019

Permanent hard water softening was conducted with the use of cellulose acetate (CA)/sodium montmorillonite (Na+-MMT) nanostructured membranes. Fabrication of the nanostructured membranes with various Na+-MMT loading (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) was made possible by electrospinning technique, which was carried out at 25°C, 30 kV applied voltage, needle size of 25G and a tip to collector distance of 18 cm. The effect of Na+-MMT content on the morphology of the fiber was examined with the use of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It was determined that increasing the Na+-MMT loading decreases the average fiber diameter. The molecular structure of the blend nanostructured membranes were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and the existence of CA and Na+-MMT in the electrospun nanostructured membrane was confirmed. Better adsorption performance was observed for the blend with 15% Na+-MMT as compared to pure CA and maximum uptake rate was attained at 7 hours for pure CA and only 5 hours for CA/Na+-MMT (85%/15%) blend. Increasing the initial hard water concentration increases the driving force for diffusion and in turn increases adsorption capacity of both pure CA and the CA/Na+-MMT (85%/15%) blend. More so, the results of the experiment best fitted the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model. Integration of Na+-MMT in CA increases the surface area for adsorption of the nanostructured membrane, and thus, could be used as an effective adsorbent for hard water softening.
Novel Membrane Suitable for Membrane Distillation: Effect of Mixed Nanofillers on the Membrane Performance
Authors: El-Marghany Mohamed R. , El-Shazly Ahmed Hassan , Salem Mohamed Sameh Abdalghany , Sabry Mohamed Nabil , Nady Norhan
Published: May 2019

The aim of the present work is to investigate the performance of a newly fabricated membrane used for the membrane distillation process. Both titanium dioxide nanorods and multi-walled carbon nanotubes together were dispersed inside Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) membrane. Both pure PVDF-HFP and its composite membrane with the two fillers together PVDF-HFP/TiO2-CNTs were fabricated using electrospinning technique and were imaged by using SEM. Both the fiber diameter and the average pore diameter were calculated by using ImageJ software. Static water contact angle, membrane porosity, liquid enter pressure were determined. Moreover, the membrane performance was determined by using membrane distillation (MD) system for desalination. The effect of the feed conditions such as feed temperature, flow rate, and salt concentration, were studied. The obtained results confirm the improvement in the membrane productivity up to 46% at 9000 ppm sodium chloride concentration and by about 13.7% than the pure polymeric membrane at the highest used feed sodium chloride concentration (36000 ppm).
Effect of Polysulfone/Organomontmorillonite Blends on Nanocomposite Membrane Properties
Authors: Aquino Ruth R. , Tolentino Marvin S. , Esmalde Mira L. , Condol Dara Veromica B. , Basilia Blessie A.
Published: May 2019

In this study, an organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) hydrophilic clay was incorporated in PSf through non-solvent induced phase separation fabrication process to improve its properties. Afterwards, hand casting was done and the PSf/OMMT membranes produced were characterized to determine the effect of OMMT addition to its structural, mechanical and thermal properties, and hydrophilicity. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the surfaces showed a denser surface as the OMMT content increases but the pores on the images were not pronounced unlike the SEM images of the cross-section which depicted spherical macrovoids for 1.0% while wider macrovoids were observed for 3.0% and 5.0% OMMT. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposite with clay content up to 3.0% were improved. The glass transition temperatures of the PSf/OMMT nanocomposites were lower than the pure PSf while no significant difference was observed for the melting point. By statistical analysis, the addition and variation of the clay concentrations has no significant effect to the thermal properties. The hydrophilicity of the membranes improved with the increasing OMMT concentration, but was found to be insignificant. The overall data gathered showed that the clay addition had improved characteristics compared to the pure PSf membrane, which implies that PSf/OMMT nanocomposite could be likely used in filtration applications.
Pre-Crack Behaviours of Cement Paste Containing Bacillus pseudofirmus ATCC 700159
Authors: Lomsri Rachit , Wongkvanklom Athika , Chindaprasirt Prinya , Wongsa Ampol , Tanangteerapong Duangkanok
Published: May 2019

The compressive strength of cement paste specimens containing Bacillus pseudofirmus ATCC 700159 was investigated in order to study the self-healing ability in cement specimens. A partial replacement of bacteria suspension by 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight was mixed into the cement paste before casting. At age 28 days of curing in lime water, cement paste specimens were pre-cracked by 40% of maximum compressive strength in order to make the crack allowing moisture and air to pass through. After that, these specimens were left curing in the air until 60 days prior to the compressive test. Results showed that the specimens containing bacteria had a potential to form a new compound which was created by bacteria. XRD and FTIR analysis proved that bacteria could produce carbonate ion and therefore, combined with calcium ion in cement paste becoming calcium carbonate compound. This leads to the increase in compressive strength of pre-cracked specimens where the one with 40% bacteria giving satisfactory results of self-healing cement.
Phase Change Material to Reduce Cooling Load of Buildings in Hot Climate
Authors: Haggag Mahmoud , Hassan Ahmed , Abdelbaqi Shaimaa
Published: May 2019

Due to the hot climate of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where the external ambient temperature may reach 50°C in the summer season, almost 75% of the total energy is consumed in air-conditioning (AC). A significant improvement in the AC systems performance during hot summer time aligned with energy conservation could be achieved by pre-cooling of the air entering the condensers. Inclusion of Phase Change Material (PCM) as thermal energy storage (TES) have been widely used as one of the environmentally friendly energy saving materials due to its high energy density. The absorption/releasing of heat by PCM during its phase change, provides a latent heating/cooling for the surrounding. Numerous systems have implemented PCM based-TES for cooling purposes, such as thermally activated building systems (TABS), suspended ceilings, external facades or in the ventilation system. This study examines PCM based air pre-cooling concept and evaluates its performance in extremely hot climate of UAE. The drop in the outlet air temperature of the duct system quantifies the cooling effect. A paraffin based PCM with melting range of 30–33°C integrated in containers placed in the test chamber mimic the air conditioning duct system, and its cooling effect is monitored. A Conjugate heat transfer model employing enthalpy-based formulation is developed to predict the optimized PCM container size and optimum airflow rate validated with experimental data. Single and series columns of PCM containers subjected to different levels of supplied air velocity at range of 1 m/s - 4m/s are evaluated. Employing series of PCM enclosures at low air velocity of 1m/s enhanced the pre-cooling performance and reduced the outlet air temperature to 35°C yielding a temperature drop up to 11°C.
Interview with Garrett Jackson, Special Assistant to the Executive Director of the Housing Opportunities Commission
Authors: Miller Andrew
Published: May 2019

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GLI SCRITTI â€˜ITALIANIâ€™ DI MANUEL LASSALA
Authors: Fabbri Maurizio
Published: May 2019

This essay inquires the influence exercised by Italian language and cul-ture on the works in verse and in prose written by the author, long lived in our countryas an exile.
JOHANN CASPAR GOETHE E LA MEDIAZIONE CULTURALE TRA ITALIA E GERMANIA NELLA PRIMA METÃ€ DEL SETTECENTO. IL VIAGGIO PER Lâ€™ITALIA DEL 1740
Authors: Agazzi Elena
Published: May 2019

Johann Caspar Goetheâ€™s Viaggio per lâ€™Italia (1740) is a fascinating work. Today, it certainly deserves new assessments and interpretations engaging with the taste of a jurist and connoisseur of classical antiquity who was interested in Italyâ€™s history of manners and arts. A committed Lutheran himself, he overtly criticized morals and Catholicism, thus providing valuable insights into early 18th century culture, which was still dominated by the models of Kavalierstour. Throughout the book, written in epistolary form, Johann Caspar Goethe does not mince words when he minces those who keep the people in a state of minority, especially in the Southern parts of the country. His travel report was rediscovered and edited by Arturo Farinelli in two volumes in 1932. It belonged to the books that Goetheâ€™s father made use of to foster his sonâ€™s passion for Italy. The article sets out to retrace some steps of the journey focussing on issues of style and external intertextuality.
Atherosclerosis in patients with endometriosis
Authors: Habibi Amir Hassan , Alizadeh Elham , Hashemi Neda , Razmeh Saeed , Siah Mansuri Setareh , Ghurchian Zahra , Rezaee Amir Hassan
Published: May 2019

Endometriosis refers to endometrial tissue implantation including stromal and epithelial tissue outside the uterus. It is an often painful disorder that involves the ovaries and fallopian tubes. The association between endometriosis and atherosclerosis is interesting. The present study was conducted to assess the Doppler findings of the carotid artery in patients with and without endometriosis. In this study that included 30 patients with endometriosis and 30 control subjects, all patients underwent carotid ultrasonography, and the measurement of intima-media thickness (IMT) was done in the distal common carotid artery, proximal to the origin of the carotid bulb, and finally, we compare the IMT in two groups. This study revealed that there are no differences in the IMT between patients with and without Endometriosis.
Understanding the Toxicity of Cancer Immunotherapies: Use of Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Mendoza Tito R
Published: May 2019

Immunotherapy has transformed the treatment of various cancers by strengthening suppressed immune systems for antitumor effects. However, altering the immune balance also produces unconventional adverse events (AEs) that are collectively referred to as immune-related AEs. These AEs, which can be thought of as symptomatic toxicities, are typically reported via tabulation of AEs from the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for AEs. These AEs are reported by clinicians. However, it is well known that clinicians’ reports of their patients’ symptoms are underestimates and in some cases may not be consistent with patients’ reports. The symptomatic adverse effects of immunotherapy are best reported by the patients themselves, known as patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This review describes the use of PROs specifically pertaining to symptom burden in cancer patients. The review also discusses challenges in the use of PROs in patients undergoing immunotherapy and provides recommendations for future research.
Pembrolizumab in Advanced Gastrointestinal Malignancies with Defective DNA Mismatch Repair: A Case Series
Authors: Stenehjem David D , Cavalieri Courtney C , Swanson Eric , Solomon Benjamin , Whisenant Jonathan , Tran Dao , Weis John , Gilcrease G Weldon , Sharma Sunil , Garrido-Laguna Ignacio
Published: May 2019

Background: Tumors with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) have a favorable immunological phenotype permitting exploitation by immunotherapies. We aimed to assess our institutional experience of dMMR advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancers treated with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab. Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study of a clinical series of patients with dMMR metastatic GI cancers treated with pembrolizumab from 2015 to 2017. Patients were assessed for best response, time to and reason for discontinuation, and adverse events. Results: A total of 13 patients received at least one dose of pembrolizumab. Median age was 62 years (range 33–74 years). Diagnoses included colorectal (colorectal cancer [CRC], n = 7); extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC,n = 2;n = 1); pancreatic (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [PDAC], n = 2); and adenocarcinoma of the appendix (n = 1). Five patients received concurrent chemotherapy (FOLFOX or capecitabine) with pembrolizumab (200 mg intravenous [IV] q 2 weeks with FOLFOX or 2 mg/kg IV q 3 weeks with capecitabine). Pembrolizumab was administered 2 mg/kg IV q 3 weeks to all patients who received single-agent treatment. Eleven patients were evaluable for response assessment. Three patients had a complete response (CRC and two EHCC) and one of these patients received concomitant pembrolizumab and FOLFOX. Two patients had a partial response, one with PDAC (−88% per RECIST, continues on treatment after 15.7 months) and the other with CRC (−45% per RECIST, continues after 14.6 months), both patients received concomitant pembrolizumab and FOLFOX and are now maintained on single-agent pembrolizumab. The objective response rate was 42%. Three patients experienced immune-related adverse events requiring discontinuation. Conclusions: This single-institution case series confirms the activity of pembrolizumab in various GI cancers harboring dMMR. Future studies are warranted to determine the role of combinatorial treatment with chemotherapy and/or novel immunotherapies in this population.
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis During Cotherapy with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab
Authors: Kubicki Shelby L , Welborn Macartney E , Patel Anisha B
Published: May 2019

Ipilimumab and nivolumab are human monoclonal antibodies used in cancer therapy. Ipilimumab targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen and nivolumab acts against programmed death receptor-1. Both drugs have extensive side effect profiles with high rates of cutaneous involvement. We present a 57-year-old male with stage IV esophageal/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that developed histologically confirmed toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) 6 days after cotreatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. He presented with diffuse erythematous macules with confluence and large flaccid bullae with scrotal and mucosal involvement. He improved significantly following drug cessation, steroids, and antibiotics. TEN has been reported with ipilimumab and/or nivolumab, as have other severe drug reactions including Stevens–Johnson syndrome and erythema multiforme major. As a true dermatologic emergency, TEN should be recognized as a potential complication of ipilimumab, nivolumab, and other immune checkpoint inhibitors, so clinicians can quickly recognize the condition and initiate therapy.
On Annelidan, Distributive, and Bézout Rings
Authors: Marks Greg , Mazurek Ryszard
Published: May 2019

A ring is called right annelidan if the right annihilator of any subset of the ring is comparable with every other right ideal. In this paper we develop the connections between this class of rings and the classes of right Bézout rings and rings whose right ideals form a distributive lattice. We obtain results on localization of right annelidan rings at prime ideals, chain conditions that entail left-right symmetry of the annelidan condition, and construction of completely prime ideals.
Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Perceptions About Older Adults With Developmental Disabilities in Traditional Health Care Settings
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Ceballos Jennifer , Amir Nisreen
Published: May 2019

Importance: Health care providers’ knowledge of and comfort working with adults with developmental disabilities (DD) affect the quality of care this growing population receives. Previous research on this topic has not included occupational therapy practitioners.

Objective: To determine occupational therapy practitioners’ views about working with older adults with DD in traditional health care settings.

Design: Quantitative survey over 4 mo.

Participants: A random sample of 310 practitioners from the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Gerontology and Physical Disabilities Special Interest Sections working in traditional health care settings.

Outcomes and Measures: A researcher-developed survey to assess occupational therapy practitioners’ comfort, knowledge, challenge, and supports and barriers in regard to working with older adults with DD.

Results: In the 310 included surveys (31% response rate), most occupational therapy practitioners reported feeling comfortable (76.1%–80.0%) and knowledgeable (66.5%–68.4%) working with older adults with DD. Approximately 93% reported that work with older adults with DD was at least somewhat challenging. Key perceived barriers included clients’ cognitive needs, lack of caregiver collaboration, and challenging behavior.

Conclusion and Relevance: Most occupational therapy practitioners in traditional health care settings found working with older adults with DD challenging, and many did not feel sufficiently knowledgeable to meet the needs of this population. Similar to other health professionals, occupational therapy practitioners may benefit from additional resources to provide services to this population.

What This Article Adds: Older adults with DD receive occupational therapy services in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, and other medical settings. Because clients such as these are not common in these settings, occupational therapy practitioners who work there would like more tools to help provide good care.
Near-surface and path-averaged mixing ratios of NO2 derived from car DOAS zenith-sky and tower DOAS off-axis measurements in Vienna: a case study
Authors: Schreier Stefan F. , Richter Andreas , Burrows John P.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), produced as a result of fossil fuel
combustion, biomass burning, lightning, and soil emissions, is a key urban
and rural tropospheric pollutant. In this case study, ground-based remote
sensing has been coupled with the in situ network in Vienna, Austria, to
investigate NO2 distributions in the planetary boundary layer.
Near-surface and path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios within the
metropolitan area of Vienna are estimated from car DOAS (differential optical
absorption spectroscopy) zenith-sky and tower DOAS horizon observations. The
latter configuration is innovative in the sense that it obtains horizontal
measurements at more than a hundred different azimuthal angles – within a
360∘ rotation taking less than half an hour. Spectral measurements
were made with a DOAS instrument on nine days in April, September, October,
and November 2015 in the zenith-sky mode and on five days in April and
May 2016 in the off-axis mode. The analysis of tropospheric NO2
columns from the car measurements and O4 normalized NO2
path averages from the tower observations provide interesting insights into
the spatial and temporal NO2 distribution over Vienna. Integrated
column amounts of NO2 from both DOAS-type measurements are
converted into mixing ratios by different methods. The estimation of
near-surface NO2 mixing ratios from car DOAS tropospheric
NO2 vertical columns is based on a linear regression analysis
including mixing height and other meteorological parameters that affect the
dilution and reactivity in the planetary boundary layer – a new approach for
such conversion. Path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios are calculated
from tower DOAS NO2 slant column densities by taking into account
topography and geometry. Overall, lap averages of near-surface NO2
mixing ratios obtained from car DOAS zenith-sky measurements, around a
circuit in Vienna, are in the range of 3.8 to 26.1 ppb and in good agreement
with values obtained from in situ NO2 measurements for days with
wind from the southeast. Path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios at 160 m
above the ground as derived from the tower DOAS measurements are between 2.5
and 9 ppb on two selected days with different wind conditions and pollution
levels and show similar spatial distribution as seen in the car DOAS
zenith-sky observations. We conclude that the application of the two methods
to obtain near-surface and path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios is
promising for this case study.
Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in the north-west Indo–Gangetic Plain using positive matrix factorisation model
Authors:   Pallavi, Sinha Baerbel , Sinha Vinayak
Published: May 2019

Abstract. In this study we undertook quantitative source apportionment for 32 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured at a suburban site in the densely populated North-West Indo–Gangetic Plain using the US EPA PMF 5.0 Model. Six sources were resolved by the PMF model namely biofuel use and waste disposal, wheat-residue burning, industrial emissions and solvent use, cars, two-wheelers and mixed daytime sources. The biofuel and waste disposal, wheat residue burning, industrial emissions and solvent use, combined traffic sources, mixed daytime sources accounted for 23.2 %, 22.4 %, 11.8 %, 25.1 %, and 15.7 % of the total VOC mass concentration respectively; 18.1 %, 32.4 %, 7.3 %, 21.9 %, and 20.3 % of the total O3 formation potential respectively; and 14.9 %, 13.9 %, 10.1 %, 59.0 %, and 2.2 % of the SOA formation potential, respectively. Further the factors contributed 24.6 %, 8.5 %, 20.1 %, 46.8 %, and 0 %, respectively, to the human class I carcinogen benzene and 18.4 %, 25.4 %, 5.9 %, 13.3 %, and 36.9 %, respectively, to the toxic emerging contaminant isocyanic acid. Evaluation of emission inventories using the in-situ data derived PMF solution revealed that among EDGARv4.2, REASv2.1 and GAINSv5.0, the GAINSv5.0 emission inventory for year 2010, best agreed with the in-situ data derived PMF results for May 2012.
Validation of carbon isotope fractionation in algal lipids as a PCO2 proxy using a natural CO2 seep (Shikine Island, Japan)
Authors: Witkowski Caitlyn R. , Agostini Sylvain , Harvey Ben P. , van der Meer Marcel T. J. , Sinninghe Damste Jaap S. , Schouten Stefan
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere play an integral role in many earth system dynamics, including its influence on global temperature. Long-term trends can provide insights into these dynamics though reconstructing long-term trends of atmospheric carbon dioxide (expressed in partial pressure; PCO2) remains a challenge in paleoclimatology. One promising approach for reconstructing past PCO2 utilizes isotopic fractionation associated with CO2-fixation during photosynthesis into organic matter (Ɛp). Previous studies have focused primarily on testing estimates of Ɛp derived from species-specific alkenone compounds in laboratory cultures and mesocosm experiments. Here, we analyze Ɛp derived from general algal compounds from sites at a CO2 seep near Shikine Island (Japan), a natural environment with CO2 concentrations ranging from ambient (ca. 310 µatm) to elevated (ca. 770 µatm). We observed strong, consistent δ13C shifts in several algal biomarkers from a variety of sample matrices over the steep CO2 gradient. Of the three general algal biomarkers explored here, namely loliolide, phytol, and cholesterol, Ɛp positively correlates with PCO2 in agreement with Ɛp theory and previous culture studies. PCO2 reconstructed from the Ɛp of general algal biomarkers show the same trends throughout, as well as the correct control values, but with lower absolute reconstructed values than the measured values at the elevated PCO2 sites. Our results show that naturally-occurring CO2 seeps may provide useful testing grounds for PCO2 proxies and that general algal biomarkers show promise for reconstructing past PCO2.
Loss assessment of building and contents damage from the potential earthquake risk in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: Choi Wooil , Park Jae-Woo , Kim Jinhwan
Published: May 2019

Abstract. After the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake and the 2017 Pohang
earthquake struck the Korean peninsula, securing financial stability
regarding earthquake risks has become an important issue in South Korea. Many domestic
researchers are currently studying potential earthquake risk. However,
empirical analyses and statistical approaches are ambiguous in the case of
South Korea because no major earthquake has ever occurred on the Korean peninsula
since the Korean Meteorological Agency started monitoring earthquakes in 1978.
This study focuses on evaluating possible losses due to earthquake risk in
Seoul, the capital of South Korea, by using a catastrophe model methodology
integrated with GIS (Geographic Information Systems). Building
information, such as structure and location, is taken from the building
registration database and the replacement cost for buildings is obtained from
insurance information. As the seismic design code in the KBC (Korea Building
Code) is similar to the seismic design code of the UBC (Uniform Building Code),
the damage functions provided by HAZUS-Multi-hazard (HAZUS-MH) are used to assess the damage
state of each building in event of an earthquake. A total of 12 earthquake scenarios
are evaluated by considering the distribution and characteristics of active
fault zones on the Korean peninsula and damages, with total loss amounts are
calculated for each of the scenarios. The results of this study show that
loss amounts due to potential earthquakes are significantly lower than those
of previous studies. The challenge of this study is to implement an
earthquake response spectrum and to reflect the actual asset value of buildings
in Seoul.
Discussion Piece
Authors: Lenz Martin
Published: May 2019

This offers a social or conventionalist account of the representational character of Lockean complex ideas. The point is that the precise ingredients of our complex ideas, the structure and amount of simple ideas belonging to them, are determined by the naming practice in a given speech community. Thus, although the ingredients themselves have a causal origin, the way the ingredients are bound into bundles and used in thinking is a matter of convention.
METAL COMPLEXES AS NEW PRO-ECOLOGICAL CROSSLINKING AGENTS FOR CHLOROPRENE RUBBER BASED ON HECK COUPLING REACTION
Authors: Dziemidkiewicz Anna , Pingot Martyna , Maciejewska Magdalena
Published: May 2019

The influence of new pro-ecological curing agents on the crosslinking process of chloroprene rubber (CR) was examined. The proposed curing system used a simpler recipe (no need to apply harmful products such as zinc oxide and ethylene thiourea) and cost less than standard metal oxides. It was expected that the mechanism of crosslinking would be similar to that of Heck-type reactions. Heck-type reactions are powerful tools for the creation of new C=C bonds. They provide the simplest and most efficient way to synthesize a variety of important compounds used in many areas, such as pharmaceuticals, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, and industrial applications. However, despite their wide application, Heck-type reactions have not been used in the rubber industry so far. Rubber blends containing acetylacetonates with different transition metals as new crosslinking agents were filled with fumed silica Aerosil 380 or carbon black Corax N-550. It was found that metal complexes are active crosslinking agents of the CR composites. The obtained vulcanizates were characterized by a high degree of crosslinking and good mechanical properties. Considering the high tensile strength and degree of crosslinking, iron acetylacetonate was the most effective curing agent of the used metal complexes. Compared with the reference sample cured with metal oxides, the CR samples crosslinked using metal acetylacetonates had a higher activity.
Web-Based Partograph on Early Detection of Emergency Cases and Referral Processes
Authors: Tandiallo Devianti , Ahmad Mardiana , Syarif Syafruddin , Mappaware Nasrudin A. , Prihantono Prihantono , Bahar Burhanuddin
Published: May 2019

INTRODUCTION: The partograph is designed as a tool to monitor a woman’s progress of labor. If it is used appropriately, the partograph can be used as a means of prevention and an early warning system to the need for further action such as caesarian section. The used of partograph is able to lower the percentage of Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). This study aimed to determine the comparison between word electric browser (WEB)-based partograph and the conventional partograph.

MATERIALS & METHODS: This study aimed to compare between the use of WEB-based patorgaph and conventional patograph. To gain the data, the researcher adopted quasi experimental method. Using purposive sampling technique, 30 women in labour were participated in this study. The data were analyzed by using the Independent T- test and Mann-Whitney test.

RESULTS: The result of the study showed that the utilization of WEB-based partograph is faster in recording the contraction, oxytocin, and the process of giving birth than the utilization of conventional partograph. Furtehrmore, promptness of WEB-based partograph in early detection has p-value 0.000 (<0.05) and p-value in emergency detection is 0.014 (<0.05) which means that there was differences between the use of WEB-based partograph and conventional partograph. Meanwhile, p-value of referral process is 1.000 (>0.05) which means that there was no difference in using both WEB-based partograph and conventional partograph.

CONCLUSION: This means that using the monitoring of the WEB-based partograph or the conventional partograph showed differences. The utilization of WEB-based partograph is better than conventional partograph since it can be used as a means to monitor the progress of labour.
Enige opmerkingen over het (nieuwe) erfrecht en nalatenschapsmediation
Authors: van der Burght G.
Published: May 2019

Enige opmerkingen over het (nieuwe) erfrecht en nalatenschapsmediation

In deze bijdrage staat de auteur stil bij het nieuwe erfrecht en het oplossen van erfrechtgeschillen, en in het bijzonder bij de complexe structuur van het nieuwe erfrecht, de positie van de langstlevende echtgenoot en de positie van de rechter bij erfenisconflicten.
Do Characteristics of Consociational Democracies Still Apply to Belgian Parties?
Authors: Van Haute Emilie , Wauters Bram
Published: May 2019

Do characteristics of consociational democracies still apply to Belgian parties?

Belgium has long been described as a typical case of a consociational or consensus democracy. This article aims at identifying whether political parties in Belgium share the internal characteristics of parties in consensus democracies: passive mass memberships, the importance of purposive and material incentives for joining, and representation of a clear subculture in the social and attitudinal profiles of their members and via overlapping memberships with related organizations. We mobilize longitudinal party membership data and party member surveys conducted in three different time periods. We show that pillar parties still exercise their role of mobilization and representation of societal segments, but these segments tend to become smaller over time. New parties offer alternative options of mobilization and representation, although not always in line with the specific institutional arrangements of consociational democracy.
Práticas de educação dos filhos em contexto não urbano
Authors: Borges Lucivanda Cavalcante , Salomão Nádia Maria Ribeiro
Published: May 2019

Este estudo investigou as práticas de educação dos filhos, com base no relato de mães, em um contexto não urbano. Participaram 30 mães de crianças com idade entre 4 e 30 meses. Como instrumento, foi utilizada uma entrevista semiestruturada que abordava questões relativas aos cuidados diários que as mães apresentavam com os filhos, atividades desenvolvidas na interação mãe-criança e as práticas de controle do comportamento infantil. Os resultados da entrevista foram considerados por meio da análise de conteúdo. De uma forma geral, esses resultados apontaram a preocupação das mães com os cuidados básicos na educação dos filhos, interações lúdicas no cotidiano mãe-criança e o uso do diálogo como estratégia de controle do comportamento da criança. Considera-se que as práticas de educação dos filhos relacionam-se, de forma bidirecional, com as características da criança e dos pais, assim como do contexto sociocultural em que estão inseridos.