bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of A Patient with Liver Failure According to Marjory Gordon's Functional Health Pattern Model After Liver Transplantation from A Cadaver: Case Report
Authors: Yücel Ilknur
Published: May 2023

Liver failure, which is common worldwide, occurs as a result of a variety of causes, including obesity, liver disease, high alcohol consumption, hepatitis B or C infection, autoimmune disease, and iron or copper overload. With advanced liver failure, the most common cause of which is chronic viral hepatitis, liver transplantation is the only treatment of choice. Recurrent hepatitis C or B infections occur as a late complication after transplantation. Both can be treated well after a liver transplant. Other chronic liver diseases may also recur. The aim of this case report is to share our knowledge and experience about the disease and the case with our colleagues. The patient's data were collected according to M. Gordon's functional health patterns. Nursing diagnoses were determined according to the North American Nurses Association (NANDA) classification. The patient was 27 years old, male, single, had a university degree, and lived with his family in a large city. The patient, whose mother also had hepatitis B, had undergone liver transplantation in 2008. In December 2021, the patient was admitted to the gastroenterology department because of increased pruritus and icteric manifestations on the sclera. Nursing diagnoses: Risk of infection due to the inability of hepatic Kupfer cells to perform phagocytosis function, fatigue, ineffective individual coping, disturbed body image due to diffuse icteric appearance, impaired liver function, risk of impaired skin integrity, and lack of knowledge. The nursing process was applied according to the identified nursing diagnoses. The patient was discharged 7 days after hospitalization following the determination of drug levels. Patient care is extremely important in the nursing profession. Planning the patient's care according to M. Gordon's Functional Health Patterns Model and conducting data analysis in line with the model's sub-dimensions were observed to solve the patient's problems in a short time, and nursing care was provided to the patient in a systematic manner.
Case Report: Periodic Hypokalemic Paralysis
Authors: Safitri Nurci Efrilia Safitri , Mahardika Yasa I Made
Published: May 2023

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is characterized by muscle weakness or flaccid paralysis followed by low potassium levels (less than 3.5 mmol/L) during the attack. Proper initial management and patient education are mandatory for health workers to manage this case. This study was a descriptive study with a case report approach. This case report includes patients over 18 years receiving health care at the Negara General Hospital and having accessible medical record data. Data collection was carried out consecutively. A case from a 22-year-old man with complaints of weakness in both legs. The examination found lower extremity motor strength 2/2, normal physiological reflexes without pathological reflexes, and a laboratory potassium level of 2.5 mmol/L laboratory results. The patient was then given hypokalemia treatment with KCl intravenously. The patient, in this case, had no clinical condition contraindicated to give potassium. Within 24 hours after potassium administration, the patient showed a significant improvement. Hence, our therapy, in this case, was in line with the theory with a good clinical outcome. Symptomatic therapy in hypokalemic periodic paralysis provides a good clinical outcome. There were no complications or clinical emergencies during treatment.
Anopheles 3rd instar larvae predation by local cyclopoid copepod, Mesocyclops scrassus to prevent malaria in Telangana State
Authors: Gandhi Gujju , Ravi Shankar V , Bhanu Prakash K
Published: May 2023

Mesocyclopus scrassus is an insect predatory with an environmentally favourable profile.  Although malaria is in control in India, there is a possible risk of spread from malarial infected people coming from other endemic countries. The probability of mosquito vectors in several parts of India, necessitates the identification of effective and innovative control methods. The present study focused on identifying an effective biological control method for the 3rd instar of anopheline larvae using Mesocyclops scrassus under laboratory and field conditions to prevent malaria. So, we investigated its potency against Anopheles larvae.
FLOOD VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION PRACTICES OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors: O. K Akande, , L.C Obi-George, , S Ahmed, , A.J Nwokorie, , C.Y Makun,
Published: May 2023

The increasing effects of flooding in flood-prone areas over the years cannot be overstated in terms of reducing flood damage. There are several measures of various characteristics, each of which has its own justification in flood protection. The concepts of vulnerability, hazard, and risk have been extensively used in various disciplines with different meanings, impeding cross-disciplinary cooperation for dealing with hazardous events. In Nigeria, there has been an occurrence of flooding and many households have been rendered homeless and many lives have been lost due to this devastating issue. This article aimed to examine flood vulnerability and possible adaptation practices for residential buildings as well as the potential for resiliency in the event of its occurrence. The objective was to propose appropriate resilient strategies to mitigate flood risk in Abuja, Nigeria. The paper adopts a purposive sampling technique in the selection of some areas for the study. A structured questionnaire survey was used to get information on the residents, and also a site risk assessment was taken on the selected areas. A total of 174 questionnaires were administered, with a valid rate of 96.6% and a reliability value of 0.606. The result shows that an average percentage of residential areas are affected by floods with low resilience strategies. The study concludes that the government should have policies to set the rules of implementation and possible resilience strategies to mitigate the occurrence of floods for the residents.
Narcotics of Plant Origin, Cannabinoid Addiction: Clinical and Pharmacological, Forensic and Pharmaceutical, Organizational and Legal, Medical and Sociological Aspects
Authors: Nehretskii Serhii
Published: May 2023

The study of narcotic drugs of plant origin and cannabinoid addiction was conducted through multidisciplinary forensic and pharmaceutical, clinical and pharmacological, medical, organizational and legal study. The problem of illegal circulation of cannabis in the world and in Ukraine has been studied. Ways of legalizing cannabis have been researched. Forensic and pharmaceutical practice on the illegal circulation of cannabis was analyzed. Proven combinations of cannabinoid abuse with tobacco (35.71%); alcohol (26.67%); tramadol (40.00%); methamphetamine (pervitin) (50.00%); opium (1.43%). The classification and legal, clinical and pharmacological, nomenclature and legal groups of psychoactive substances abused by illegal consumers were worked out. Normative initiatives have been developed and proposed to increase the availability of pharmacotherapy for cannabinoid drug addicts.
The Investigation of Various Factors that Influence the Operation of the Emergency Department in Limassol General Hospital
Authors: Efstathiou Andri , Symeou Mikaella , Kaitelidou Dafni , Jelastopulu Eleni , Charalampous George
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The Emergency Department (ED) is the heart of every modern hospital and at all times must provide medical and nursing emergency care, accepting large numbers of patient. However, in many cases patient makes inappropriate use of this department. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the various factors, which influence the operation of the ED in Limassol General Hospital, and to pinpoint the weak- nesses of Primary Health Care in Cyprus. Methods: This was a quantitative research, which was conducted in Cyprus between the months of March and May of the year 2016. An analogue random sam- pling carried out the sampling of the quantitative research and the research tool used was the Hospital Urgencies Appropriateness Protocol (HUAP). The sample of the study consisted of 501 patients who visited the Emergency Departments. Results: Inappropriately visit the survey found 29,3% of the ED patients. Of these, 21,7% responded that “They do not trust PHC doctors”, 47,6% have not been assigned to a PHC practitioner, and 54,4% are staying close to the hospital or believe they will receive better and faster services. 38,1% responded that they are on waiting lists for imaging examinations, for examination by a specialist, and waiting lists for surgical procedures. Conclusion: This research suggests that ED in Limas- sol General Hospital are unable to respond fully to the needs of their patients because of the ineffective opera- tion of Primary Health Care in Cyprus. It is essential to implement «Healthy» Health Systems with full popula- tion coverage, ease of access and establish strong Prima- ry Health Care systems that will inspire confidence in citizens.
Should children vaccination continue to be obligatory in Greece?
Authors: Papaioannou Ioannis , Pantazidou Georgia , Linardatou Panagiota , Sounoglou Marina
Published: May 2023

The aim of the article is to clarify if vaccination in Greece should remain obligatory, according to the inter- national and national provisions. The cause of this work is the giant expansion of the anti-vaccination movement and the recent outbreak of measles in the country. The consequences of the absence of mass vaccination in Greece are now evident in the society, which is under threat of a measles epidemic. Thus, it is imperative to list the international conventions and the laws of the nation- al Constitution which protect children’s health. Based on these provisions, no parent or guardian is allowed to endanger the life and health of children by avoiding vac- cination. We detail the already well-known benefits of vaccination, which are validated by new studies, continu- ously added to the international literature. The sensitiza- tion of parents into consistently follow the National Vac- cination Program is for the benefit of both their children and the Greek society in general. We propose the imple- mentation monitoring of vaccines at the required time, and stricter state measures towards those parents who systematically avoid vaccination of their children.
Il dialogo tra diritto ecclesiastico e diritto costituzionale
Authors: Perini Marco , Ventura Marco , Floris Pierangela , Vigevani Giulio Enea , Marchei Natascia , D'Arienzo Maria , Fattori Gabriele , Cavana Paolo , Domianello Sara , Ninatti Stefania
Published: May 2023

Fifty years after the conference in which Law and Religion Scholars held a dialogue with Constitutional Scholars in Siena, central issues of that discussion are recalled, and those of a future debate are envisaged, with the hope that both disciplines might benefit from it
La protezione della vita umana “al tramonto”, tra legge e libertà di coscienza
Authors: Freni Fortunato
Published: May 2023

The protection of human life “at sunset”, between law and freedom of conscience

ABSTRACT: The paper proposes to suggest to the Italian legislator, which must further intervene on the matter of the end of life, and has also been solicited by the Constitutional Court, some methods that can allow a synthesis between the different conflicting ethical and political positions that animate the debate on life and human dignity. It is considered appropriate that the law does not favor the ad libitum exercise of the freedom of self-determination in end-of-life choices, and that the most suitable category for orienting the balance between equality and freedom of self-determination according to dignity must be solidarity, which makes a person that is all the more alive and human the more he is inserted into a civil and supportive society.

SOMMARIO: 1. Il biodiritto tra posizioni etiche e politiche contrastanti - 2. Il consenso-informato e le disposizioni anticipate di trattamento - 3. Il suicidio assistito: un eccessivo diritto giurisprudenziale? - 4. La sterile contrapposizione tra autodeterminazione solipsistica e solidarietà sociale - 5. Le cure palliative - 6. La laicità procedurale nella giuridificazione delle scelte di fine-vita - 7. L’esperienza del diritto ecclesiastico a servizio del biodiritto.
La coltre del silenzio: timori e speranze
Authors: Casuscelli Giuseppe
Published: May 2023

The blanket of silence: fears and hopes

ABSTRACT: The silence of the parties governing the country and those belonging to the opposition persists. Their political orientation on the 'ecclesiastical matters' is yet to be shared, as well as their position on the need for a more general law on religious freedom. The new conservative government keeps silent. There are signs of a possible failure to comply with the pluralistic principle, which is the cornerstone of the secular nature of the State. Between hopes and fears, the latter could prevail.
«Per scoprire e conquistare una lingua, la lingua per tutti». La prima edizione sinottica dei Promessi sposi (1877)
Authors: Felicani Elena
Published: May 2023

Riccardo Folli, formatosi all’Accademia scientifico-letteraria, docente di lettere classiche al Liceo “Beccaria” di Milano e al “Visconti” di Roma negli anni dell’inchiesta Scialoja, è stato il primo a realizzare un’edizione sinottica dei Promessi sposi (Briola, 1877): il valore dell’opera è garantito dall’idea stessa che un raffronto tra le varianti adottate da Manzoni nella revisione del romanzo, osservate in un’ottica filologica e linguistica, possa fungere da laboratorio di lingua e stile.
«Per scoprire e conquistare una lingua, la lingua per tutti»: Riccardo Folli and the synoptic edition of Promessi sposi (1877)
Riccardo Folli, student at Accademia scientifico-letteraria, was professor of classical literature at the Liceo “Beccaria” in Milan and at the "Visconti" in Rome during the Scialoja investigation, was the first to realize a synoptic edition of the Promessi sposi (Briola, 1877): the value of the work is guaranteed by the idea that a comparison between the variants adopted by Manzoni in the revision of the novel, observed in a philological and linguistic perspective, can serve as a laboratory of language and style.
Un cinema «fuoruscito». Esuli italiani in Francia e ricezione del Neorealismo (1945-1950)
Authors: Gheller Enrico
Published: May 2023

According to an established historiography, post World War II Italian cinema owes much of its international success to the French intellectual milieu. In this process of reception, the work carried out by exiled Italian intellectuals, who were responsible for promoting neo-realism on the other side of the Alps for diplomatic purposes but without neglecting questions of an aesthetic nature, deserves attention. By relating certain aspects of the socio- historical context with the analysis of some critical texts, this article aims to reconstruct some trajectories of reception of neorealist cinema in the Italian-French press between 1945 and 1950.
Gli accordi ANICA-MPEA e l'impiego dei capitali americani nel nostro cinema / PARTE 1 – I primi due accordi e la promozione del cinema italiano all'estero
Authors: Di Chio Federico
Published: May 2023

From 1946 to 1962, the producers’ share of the rentals of US films in Italy was blocked in Italy. The specific use-cases of these funds – both in the film industry and in other sectors – were codified in a series of agreements which involved both governments. For the firsttime, all six understandings between the trade organizations ANICA and MPAA/MPEA are studied in detail. Based on archival research, the article reconstructs their development and implementation. The agreements, which regulated Italian-American film relations from1951 until 1962, promoted joint productions and supported the distribution of Italian films by US Studios.
A Foot in Two Camps? South Sudan’s Relations with China in a Historical Perspective
Authors: De Simone Sara
Published: May 2023

Relations between South Sudan and China are not a new phenomenon. However, since 2011 they have been steadily growing in terms of trade and investments, cultural exchanges, development and humanitarian aid. The breakout of the civil war in December 2013 has contributed to this trend. Amidst the disenchantment of traditional Western partners of South Sudan, massive shifts of aid flows from development to humanitarian response, and the flight of foreign capitals scared by the war, not only did China keep its presence in the country, it also took a more active stance by sending its first combat troops ever in the framework of the UN Mission, and engaging in the peace negotiations. What consequences has China’s growing presence had on South Sudan’s capacity of determining its own political agenda? This article argues that it has provided an opportunity of expanding the space for agency of the South Sudanese governing elite to make choices in opposition to the requests of traditional donors. At the same time, since relations with China are bound to pragmatic considerations from both sides, there is evidence that China’s will to partner with the country is only as strong as the potential benefits accruing from this partnership.
haptics of illusion. An account of touch across theories, technologies and museums
Authors: Bartalesi Valentina , Calise Anna
Published: May 2023

Touch represents one of the latest and most complex frontiers of virtuality: a sense which historically seems to have carried the burden of proof on reality, by definition resistant to illusory environments. The paper begins from this assumption to trace a history of illusion across authors and theorists that have debated the statute of haptics, building a dialogue between philosophical dilemmas and technological developments. Moving both from an aesthetic and psychophysiological viewpoint, the article will root its analysis in an historical-artistic account, augmenting the discussion with a series of case studies from the museum sector. The introduction of haptic technologies within cultural institutions, which dates back to the last three decades, proves an interesting field to test the functions which touch plays in both educational and imaginative scenarios. The open question being whether modern technologies should aim at replicating haptic realism in miming phenomenological accuracy, or whether the most innovative applications need to aspire to a more environmental employment of touch.
La cosmotécnica como método: más allá de las geoculturas / Cosmotechnics as Method: Beyond Geocultures
Authors: Wirtz Fernando
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the notion of cosmotechnics in the context of the history of Latin American philosophy. Since the nineteenth century, Latin American philosophy has developed through an ongoing confrontation between conceptions of “civilization and barbarism.” This tension in turn has impacted the relationship between Latin American philosophy and technology. Consequently, a certain “absence of technique” is visible as a recurring topos in Latin American philosophies. To overcome this apparent absence, this paper criticizes the notion of mestizaje using Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui’s concept of ch’ixi (‘motley’) as an alternative framework. From this perspective, Guaman Poma de Ayala’s description of colonial violence reveals some hints for deconstructing the idea of “Latin Americanness”, while retaining the notion of cosmotechnics. Thus, this paper goes beyond geocultures and metatechnology by formulating a theory of cosmotechnics that is able to articulate politically antagonistic narratives in terms of technical materiality.
Allelopathic effect of seven medicinal plants on Morus alba Linn.
Authors: Srivastav P. , Chamoli Madhsudan , Thapliyal Chetna , Bhatt M. , Khan M.
Published: May 2023

The allelopathic effect of medicinal plants, viz., Acorus calamus, Aloe barbadensis, Andrographis paniculate, Asparagus racemosus, Cyperus scariosus, Plumbago zeylanica and Rauvolfia serpentina was observed on Mulberry (Morus alba Linn.). Twenty five cuttings of S-146 variety of Mulberry were soaked for 48 hours in 10% aqueous extract of seven-nine month old dried roots of all the medicinal plants in three replication each and then the treated cuttings were transplanted in the nursery bed and irrigated regularly. The cuttings of each treatment were subsequently observed after two months for their survival and number of sproutings. The survival per cent of cuttings in different treatments varied from 76-96% against 81% in control. There was no significant difference between treated cuttings and cuttings of control barring Aloe barbadensis treated with respect to their survival. Average sprouting was 1.36 to 1.67 in treated against 1.31 in control cuttings. Hence, these medicinal plants do not seem to exert any harmful effect on survival of Mulberry cuttings and may be successfully grown as intercrops along with Mulberry plants in sericultural gardens to enhance the income of farmers.
Impact of lopping on growth of certain fodder tree species of lower Shivalik region
Authors: Khantwal Ajay , Negi Kalam
Published: May 2023

In the present study the biomass estimation and growth analysis has been carried out by making different girth class and age group commonly multi purpose fodder tree species. The result of foliar biomass and lopping regeneration in relation to mean annual increment (MAI) of some common fodder tree species with the allometric equation, variables and parameters relation to biomass comparison with observed result and character with different age class (A6) and different girth class (G6).
AlphaFold2-based structure prediction and target study of PD-L1 protein
Authors: Yang Zhuoya
Published: May 2023

PD-L1 is an immune protein in human body that can play an important role in cancer immunotherapy. By binding to antibodies, the binding activity of PD-L1 and PD-1 is blocked, which in turn inhibits cancer cells. Thus the structure of PD-L1 is very important in studying the binding of antibodies to it. However, experimental methods to solve the structures of PD- L1 and numerous complexes are expensive and consuming. Thus, it is essential to exploit computational methods to help biologists figure out the structures and the underlying mechanisms. In this paper, we explore whether AlphaFold2 is able to accurately predict the structure of PD-L1 and whether we can use AlphaFold2 to capture the binding sites of PD-L1 when binding to different antibodies. Our results show that AlphaFold2 has high confident scores and accuracy in predicting the structure of PD-L1 and the binding sites with atezolizumab and durvalumab. For the interaction between PD-L1 and the antibodies, AlphaFold2 can capture most of the hydrogen bonds as well as the salt bridges. Our work suggests that AlphaFold2 can not only be used as a tool to predict the structure of proteins, but also serves as a useful tool for antibody discovery, e.g. providing high-quality predicted structures for downstreaming docking, which brings new hope for drug discovery.
New Treatment of Alzheimers Disease
Authors: You Hanlin
Published: May 2023

Alzheimers disease is a major degenerative disease characterized by impaired memory, aphasia, apraxia and the changes of personality and behavior. As the population ages, the incidence of AD is increasing. According to an analysis of 10000 people with up to 30 years of follow-up data, elderly over 55 years old, the risk of dementia increased nearly four- fold if they have three or more chronic diseases at the age of 55. The pathogenesis of AD has not been fully studied, a lot of mechanisms such as neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal metabolic are related to the pathology of AD. The abnormal deposition of A and hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein are identified mechanism of AD. Finding new drugs for AD has always been a research hotpot, preclinical work of new anti-AD drugs is being carried out on a large scale in the world. However, in all types of new developing drugs for AD, the failure rate is about 99%. The drugs approved to treat AD such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate receptor antagonists, only slow symptoms other than change the progression of this disease. Deep researches are required to study the pathogenesis of AD, developing drugs that can reverse the progression is the key to the treatment for AD. This review introduces new developing therapy and potential targets of future research into treatments of AD.
Interventions in Ischemic Stroke Targeting Microglial Activation
Authors: Wang Ziqin
Published: May 2023

Ischemic stroke is one of the biggest health concerns nowadays, leading to nonnegligible disability and mortality in its patients. During its pathological development, resident microglia in the central nervous system play a significant role to repair the damage, but may also expand the lesion because of the excessive microglial activation. As a result, microglial activation is considered a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Since microglia polarized into different phenotypes ranging from M1 to M2 display proinflammatory and neuroprotective functions, regulation of the morpho-functional change of microglia became a further way of intervention in ischemic stroke. This review qualitatively analyses drugs for ischemic stroke that were studied by credible research in the recent ten years in terms of experimental methods, applied animal models, and potential signaling pathways, so as to provide clues for future studies on the fine regulation of microglial activation to treat ischemic stroke.
Analyzing Flagellum Structure of Trypanosoma Brucei Using Electron Tomography Datasets from Electron Microscopy Data Bank
Authors: Wang Chunyu
Published: May 2023

African trypanosomiasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease. The main parasite that causes the disease is Trypanosoma brucei, also known as T. brucei, which infects its hosts through the tsetse fly. Trypanosoma brucei has an important structure, the flagella. The parasite relies on the flagella for survival and movement, so studying the flagella structure in detail is essential to understanding its function. Therefore, we use electron microscopes for multi-angle observation and photography. We identified some important structures of flagella which aligned with previous literature including the 92+2 axoneme, and the paraflagellar rod (PFR), and we even captured some novel features including densities connecting the axoneme and PFR, densities that interconnect the microtubule, and densities that bridges the different zones of PFR. We also did literature reviews and proposed hypotheses about the functions of these structures. Our structural study could shed light on the inhibition of the flagella movement, thereby treating trypanosomiasis.
Chemical Synthesis of Chiral Drugs
Authors: Zhang Xinrui
Published: May 2023

Chirality exists in most drugs and has a non-negligible impact on the pharmacological activity, metabolic process, and toxicity of drugs in the human body. Drug molecules can only bind to specific receptor molecules in the human body, and the difference in chirality will lead to different structures of drug molecules, which will lead to the inability of drug molecules to bind to receptor molecules, resulting in a decrease in the efficacy of the drug and even adverse effects on the human body. Therefore, the synthesis of correct chiral drugs has always been an area worth exploring. At present, there are two main approaches for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral drugs: chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. This paper explores the application of chemical synthesis to chiral drugs by combining asymmetric organocatalysis with chemical synthesis. In addition, this paper finds that asymmetric organocatalysis is a very worthwhile way to synthesize chiral drugs and has great potential in the development of new drugs.
HER 2 Targeted Therapy and Its Potential Risk of Drug Resistance
Authors: Wu Luwei , Xu Ying , Zhao Hanyi
Published: May 2023

HER2, human epidermal receptor 2(c-erbB-2 gene), is a hot targeted point in various cancers targeted therapy. Breast cancer including HER2 positive or negative. HER2 is an oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase. HER2 gene amplification occurs in some of breast cancers (BCS), resulting in overexpression of the HER2 protein. Compared to the trastuzumab or pertuzumab, the performance of trastuzumab deruxtecan is excellent. Drug resistance is known to be the main cause of failure of tumor chemotherapy. Tumor drug resistance involves various mechanisms, such as those involving decreased intracellular drug concentration, changes of drug target molecules, metabolic detoxification, and imbalance of DNA damage repair function. HER2-positive breast cancer becomes resistant to trastuzumab, thereby blocking effective binding and developing resistance. The significance of this review is to understand the mechanism of drug resistance from molecular and chemotherapy perspectives by studying the structure and overexpression of HER2 protein as predictors, so as to grasp the progress of current targeted drug therapy. Our review starting from HER2 and its targeted therapy gets to the deep insight into the antibody drug conjugates and explores the possible proteins which may become the potential targeted points in future research.
Review of Treatments for ADPKD on Tolvaptan and ketogenic Dietary Intervention as a Novel Therapy
Authors: Shen Qiaoyu
Published: May 2023

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most prevalent genetic kidney disease, affected millions of individuals worldwide. And it is also one of the most prevalent causes of kidney failures and transplants. Previously, in many years, mitigating its symptoms had been the only treatment for this disease. After more than a decade after the early clinical studies of medicines for ADPKD began, the first medication that may successfully delay the course of the condition is now on the market. Due to the severe side effects and high cost of tolvaptan, it cannot be considered a full success, but rather the beginning of therapeutic research. More recently, enlightened by the discovery of the defective metabolism of PKD related cells, researchers have been designing dietary plans and new lifestyles for ADPKD patients to slow down or even halt the disease progression. Current outcomes have been promising. This article will address the best practices for treating ADPKD patients, with a focus on medications that have been proved to be beneficial in preserving kidneys function and structure.
Ethical Research on Human Gene Editing
Authors: Lin Zhaojin
Published: May 2023

The development of biotechnology will inevitably increase its application in medical and health care. Since the experiment of Huang Jun and his team in 2015, there have been a number of biomedical laboratories trying to apply gene editing technology to human therapy. This has aroused great controversy in international academic circles. Many people believe that the misuse of gene editing will not only destroy the existing ethical construction of society, but also affect the ability of human beings to adapt to the future environment. However, this paper believes that gene editing technology can be gradually applied to human body after the government first makes relevant policy preparations and technological breakthroughs are achieved in epigenetic editing. It is hoped that this paper can dispel the excessive concerns of those who oppose human gene editing and provide constructive suggestions on the development of this technologys humanbody application.
The review of fundamental retrosynthetic analysis and simple practical to hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Tang Surui , Guo Sean N
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we discussed the basic mechanism of retrosynthetic analysis. We start with the idea of disconnection, which is a hypothesis to break the target molecule into some relatively simpler and more common molecules. Then we break bonds to verify our hypothesis made during disconnect. Based on the number and location of the functional groups, we can apply different methods for retrosynthetic analysis. We also apply our research of retrosynthetic analysis on the synthesis of hydroxychloroquine. In the second part of our paper, we discussed which method is more efficient to synthesize hydroxychloroquine, which should simplify the steps as much as possible, reduce the need for special conditions such as temperature, pressure, etc., and reduce waste liquid pollution, to ensure the ultimate industrial production effect.
Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Liang Yujie
Published: May 2023

As a neurodegenerative disease, the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is not completely clear Alzheimer's disease not only afflicts the patients themselves, but also causes harm to countless families. Therefore, the treatment of Alzheimer's disease urgently needs to be studied. This paper summarizes some existing methods for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease,which are described from the molecular mechanism of Alzheimer's disease, the symptoms and the future development of Alzheimer's patients. Based on the current studies on the therapeutic method of Alzheimer's disease, more targeted interventions will be developed in the future.
The Influence of Environmental Index on Sleep Quality
Authors: Zhang Bo
Published: May 2023

With the changes of the times, people have given different definitions of sleep. After recent years of research, modern medicine generally believes that sleep makes energy storage, which is conducive to the recovery of human's mental and physical strength. Good sleep is not only the basis for the maintenance of health and physical strength, but also the guarantee of a high degree of production capacity. However, in today's society, the problem of insomnia bothers many people. There are many factors affecting insomnia. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of environmental index on human sleep quality, and to develop devices to improve sleep environment.
The Impact of Monetary Incentives on COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in the US
Authors: Yu Tiffany , Lehmann Lisa Soleymani
Published: May 2023

Despite the usage of prizes, gift cards, and cash to incentivize COVID-19 vaccinations across US states during the COVID-19 pandemic, research on the impact of monetary incentives on vaccine behavioral decisions is conflicting and limited. There is little to no existing literature on whether public health driven financial incentives increase COVID-19 vaccine intake even though this approach has been adapted by state public health departments in varying degrees. This research investigates if there is significant association between state monetary incentives and COVID-19 vaccination status. Upon establishing strong correlation between monetary incentives and COVID-19 vaccination status using statistical methods and analysis, a linear regression model was developed to evaluate which types of monetary incentives were most effective in increasing statewide vaccination status. With the plethora of pandemic health data instigated from scientific and governmental learnings, big data and computational tools hold the key to crafting evidence-based public health infrastructure that will fully prepare future generations for tackling the next unforeseen health crisis.
Epidemiological Surveillance of Type 2 Diabetes Among Adolescents and Children
Authors: Zhu Zichong
Published: May 2023

With a high incidence of the condition worldwide, type 2 diabetes has emerged as one of the most worrisome chronic diseases. Type 2 diabetes has been identified in certain public health research to have an early beginning tendency, and the rapid rise in teen and child prevalence may be an epidemiological warning sign. This study uses systematic retrieval and induction techniques to examine the prevalence and trajectory of type 2 diabetes in children and adoles-cents. In this paper, the useful data and literature collected are discussed and sorted out in an attempt to establish a complete field of analysis of current type 2 diabetes, which is to criti-cally discuss the practice of current epidemiological surveillance and screening systems for adolescents and children, and to propose possible constructive suggestions. This study finds that the development trend in adolescents and children may not be optimistic, and there are differences in risk based on geographic demography, gender, race, etc. Epidemiological screening and surveillance of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and children, as well as targeted public and individual prevention and intervention, could have significant implications.
Analysis on Characteristics of Implants and Surface Bionic Prosthetic Materials
Authors: Ding Ruohua
Published: May 2023

According to the 19902020 Internet for literature on materials commonly used in prosthetics and their compatibility with skin tribology and biology, it found that with the large number of amputees affected by the disease, traffic accidents, work-related injuries, and natural disasters, the relatively high manufacturing costs of prostheses could place a financial burden on patients. In addition, the choice of prosthetic material itself affects the comfort and ease of use for the patient. Whether it is an osseointegrated prosthesis or a cavity-receiving prosthesis, the use of appropriate materials is an important issue in prosthetic engineering. This paper analyses the research conducted over the last 20 years on materials for implantable prostheses and receptive cavity materials and presents some of the findings on the preferred material selection for each type of material, as well as the associated biomechanical effects and skin tribology. Through the analysis, the paper concludes that for implantable materials, biocompatible materials such as metallic materials, bioceramics, and composites are preferred. For receptive cavity materials, polymeric materials such as thermoplastic sheets, resin-based composites, and low-temperature thermoplastics are preferred.
Application of Synthetic Biology in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development
Authors: Zhang Yunzhu
Published: May 2023

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been spreading at an extraordinary rate since it first appeared in late 2019, causing a large number of infections and deaths. The COVID-19 pan-demic can be successfully controlled most effectively with vaccines, and efforts are being made globally to create new vaccines. Synthetic biology is a design-oriented field that focus-es on creating novel biological functions by discovering, analyzing, and repurposing biologi-cal components. Many SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been developed using synthetic biology, and the recent approval of a few more vaccines is evidence of the field's continuous growth. This review discusses the use of synthetic biology technology in the creation of several COVID-19 vaccines, concentrating on how to produce vaccines that are safer and more effec-tive through genome optimization and delivery mechanism optimization. Finally, this article highlights some existing problems of synthetic biology technology and provides an outlook on the future development of application this technology in COVID-19 vaccines.
Comparison of COVID-19 Live Attenuated and mRNA Vaccines in Manufacturing and Clinical Treatment
Authors: Gao Ge , Hu Yuhan , Li Fengxuan
Published: May 2023

In modern times, the global effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are immeasurable. It causes a great threat to the economic development, health and safety of human society. The most basic and safest approach is to study and improve the efficiency of the COVID-19 vaccine. The diverse characteristics of different COVID-19 vaccine types mean various effect routes and clinical application ranges. This paper provides a comparative analysis of different vaccines by comparing two types of COVID-19, combining their production procedures, vaccine routes and mechanisms, clinical applications, and possible side effects. Through our discussion and analysis, we find that the production patterns, effective mechanisms, and possible side effects differ between different vaccines, and the COVID-19 vaccine has been improved today. Comparison and synthesis to analyze the next stage of COVID-19 vaccine research and development. Recognizing the diversity of COVID-19 prevention and control, the development of the COVID-19 vaccine will have a great impact on human health benefits.
Editing Mutations of GABRB3 Using CRISPR-Cas9 as a Potential Treatment for Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Yang Yezi
Published: May 2023

The treatment of a variety of recurrent or resistant hematologic malignancies with chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR- T) cell therapy has seen significant success in recent years. The current CAR- T cell therapy approach is not without flaws, nevertheless, and there are still several issues with clinical treatment, including antigen escape, significant toxicity, and sus-ceptibility to drug-resistant recurrence. This paper introduces the structural development and characteristics of CAR-T cells, reviews the limitations of CAR- T cell therapy, including an-tigen escape, toxicity, CAR-T cell depletion and drug-resistant relapse after treatment, and summarizes the related improvement and optimization strategies. The paper concludes that CAR-T cell immunotherapy has brought new hope to patients with hematologic malignancies, making a cure for refractory and recurrent hematologic malignancies possible. Although CAR-T cell therapy still has many challenges at present, such as immunogenicity, drug re-sistance, and toxicity.
Different Types of Vaccine and Their Properties-taking Inactivated and mRNA Vaccines as Examples
Authors: Zhao Bingqiao
Published: May 2023

In the background of COVID-19, vaccines have become the central point. Various countries and companies investigated vaccines against the virus in various forms, including inactivated, mRNA vaccines, and so on. However, they always talked independently and never compared with each other. The paper discussed their unique dominance and compared their contributions in the battle with COVID-19. In addition, some accessories for vaccines like carriers and adjuvants were also considered, although they may be special for one type of vaccine. The paper concludes that mRNA as a novel vaccine played a more determined role against COVID-19 than inactivated or other vaccines, but all approved drugs could trigger an immune response. Apart from viruses, mRNA is also a potential warrior against cancer. The investigation of inactivated vaccines is still at its recent pace.
Innovation, Application, and Trend Analysis of Digital Health in The Era of Big Data
Authors: Xiang Xuan
Published: May 2023

Recent years have witnessed a dramatically technological boom in various realms. Big data is one of the cutting-edge advancements which are driving enterprises to make reformation and innovation. Especially, as a powerful tool to support and analyze the ceaseless new data surging from the Internet, big data is the key to help the traditional medical system make a huge breakthrough. This article is to give a brief overview of digital technology and medical evolution by analyzing the current system and application cases, including clinical support, personalized health and digitalization of medical information. Based on substantial data, the paper also shows the algorithm and the helpful predictive modeling technique for some special medical utilization. Furthermore, this paper summarizes the limitation of existing digital healthcare and claims its enormous promise. It reveals that this new model of healthcare is a new trend with the advent of digital times and then concludes that it will become an indispensable topic in the coming future.
Current Application of Different Kinds of COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Kim Junho , Wen Yiming , Yu FangNing
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, the mortality and morbidity of malignant neoplasms in people is rising, which pose serious risk to human beings. Therefore, finding suitable methods to treat these diseases effectively is arousing more and more attention. Among them, phototherapy, such as PDT and PTT is a good strategy due to the advantage of antibiotic-free. This review focused on the near-infrared light-induced materials involving in conjugated polymer, organic small mole-cule, quantum dots, metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks and inorganic semiconductor, and discussed their applications in NIR-guided PDT/PTT synergistic therapy. The review further provides a critical analysis of the future development of PDT and PTT. It is believed that NIR-guided PDT/PTT synergistic therapy will promote the therapeutic devel-opment of cancer.
Analysis on Human Monkeypox 2022
Authors: Li Jiawen
Published: May 2023

Monkeypox, a zoonotic orthopoxvirus with a clinical presentation similar to smallpox, was first reported in the DRC in 1970 and is still being reported. The vast majority of human infections are reported in West and Central Africa. The first outbreak outside of Africa occurred in the United States in 2003. A British national resident with a history of travel to Nigeria recently developed a visible skin lesion and other symptoms of monkeypox infection. Soon after, several countries that have never been exposed to monkeypox report abnormally high rates of infection, causing widespread panic. Using a literature review method, the paper provides a retrospective study of human monkeypox, including the early outbreak and current circumstances, analyzing the characteristics of MPV and providing some effective treatments. To combat the monkeypox outbreak, it is critical to have a thorough understanding of the virus.
Application of ECoG and Electrode in BCI
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: May 2023

The brain-computer interface (BCI) is a new technology that connects a computer or other electronic devices to the brains of humans, animals, or even brain cell cultures. It creates a link between the brain and technology so that messages can be sent immediately. It does not rely on the muscles and peripheral nerves that generally aid in the transmission of brain information. It is widely used in rehabilitation medicine, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, and other fields. Nowadays, with the development of neuroimaging technology, brain imaging technologies recording activities on different scales have been emerging. Electrocorticography (ECoG), which is involved in semi-invasive BCI and depth electrode, which is involved in invasive BCI, has greatly promoted the development of BCI. This paper, through a method of literature review, provides general perspectives on the application of ECoG and depth electrode in BCI; describes the advantages and disadvantages of ECoG and depth electrode; and finally discusses chances for further research. Representative research findings regarding ECoG and depth electrodes in recent years were reviewed. In summary, though ECoG and depth electrode still have some limitations, their importance in the future is undisputed.
Discovery of new microbial natural products by genome mining
Authors: Zhang Rui
Published: May 2023

Microbial natural products are an important source of new drug creation. As more and more microbial whole genomes are sequenced, bioinformatics analysis shows that the natural prod-uct resources contained therein are greatly underestimated. Genome mining is a new strategy for natural product discovery guided by gene cluster sequences. At the same time, it can di-rectly associate the structure of natural products with synthesis pathways, which is conven-ient for biosynthesis and combinatorial biosynthesis research. This paper reviews the repre-sentative examples of successful discovery of novel natural products using genome mining strategy in recent years, which fully shows the great advantage of this strategy in exploring the potential of microbial natural metabolites. It is believed that with the continuous devel-opment and improvement of genome mining methods and technologies, it will be possible to realize the in-depth development of microbial natural product resources.This paper describes the application of combinatorial biosynthesis in new drugs, points out the existing problems and puts forward some feasible suggestions.