bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LSG2-8 on the intestinal barrier function of Rhynchocypris lagowskii
Authors: Yu Meng nan , Zhang Yu rou , Zhang Dong ming , Wang Qiu ju , Wang Gui qin , Mahmound Elsadek , Yao Qi , Chen Yu ke , Guo Zhi xin
Published: May 2022

Probiotics have been widely used in aquaculture. This article aims to study the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LSG2-8 on the intestinal barrier function of Rhynchocypris lagowskii. B. amyloliquefaciens LSG2-8 were added to R. lagowskii basal diets (CK) as additives at four concentrations: 1.0 × 106 (D−6), 1.0 × 107 (D−7), 1.0 × 108 (D−8) and 1.0 × 109 (D−9) CFU/g by dry weight of basal diet. After a 56 days feeding experiment, the intestinal digestive enzymes and immune enzymes activity of R. lagowski on group D-6, D-7, D-8 and D-9 diet were significantly higher than the control (p < 0.05). In molecular experiments, we found that the levels of TGF-β mRNA, IL-10 mRNA, ZO-1 mRNA and Claudin-3 mRNA in group D-8 R.. lagowskii were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control and other groups. Furthermore, the levels of IL-1β and IL-8 mRNA of R. lagowski on group D-6, D-7, D-8 and D-9 diet were significantly lower than the control (p < 0.05). In addition, we found that B. amyloliquefaciens LSG2-8 can regulate the intestinal flora balance and improve the intestinal structure of R. lagowskii. In conclusion, B. amyloliquefaciens LSG2-8 can improve the intestinal barrier function of R. lagowskii,and can be used as a feed additive in aquaculture.
Identifying groundwater contaminant sources based on the hybrid gradient grey wolf algorithm and deep belief neural network
Authors: Li Jiuhui , Wu Zhengfeng , He Hongshi , Lu Wenxi
Published: May 2022

Optimization models used to identify groundwater contamination sources (GCSs) often have many variables to determine and a high degree of nonlinearity. When the grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) is used to solve this kind of optimization model, due to the relatively weak local search ability, it has the disadvantage of premature convergence. To improve the GWO, the gradient descent algorithm (GDA) and the GWO were integrated to construct a hybrid gradient GWO (HGWO) with little dependence on the initial value and a strong local search ability. The HGWO was then applied to solve the optimization model without falling into premature convergence, which improved the accuracy of the GCS identification results. In addition, the calculation load generated was reduced by calling the simulation model, and computing time was saved in the process of solving the optimization model. A surrogate model of the numerical simulation model was established by applying a deep belief neural network (DBNN) to participate in the iterative calculation. The results show that compared with the simulated annealing algorithm (SA) and GWO, the HGWO had higher calculation accuracy and could improve the identification accuracy of GCSs. Although the calculation efficiency of the HGWO was insufficient, the improvement in solution accuracy was sufficient to overcome this shortcoming. The DBNN surrogate model had high accuracy and could save 99% of the computing time by participating in the iterative calculation instead of the simulation model.
The emerging burden of chronic diseases, disease-stratified exploration and gender-differentiated healthcare utilisation among adult patients in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahumud Rashidul Alam , Mosharaf Md Parvez , Kundu Satyajit , Rahman Md. Ashfikur , Dukhi Natisha , Shahajalal Md , Mistry Sabuj Kanti , Alam Khorshed , Gow Jeff
Published: May 2022

Background: Chronic diseases are considered one of the major causes of illness, disability and death worldwide. Chronic illness leads to a huge health and economic burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study examined disease-stratified healthcare utilisation (HCU) in adult Bangladesh patients with chronic diseases from a gender perspective.Methods: Data from the nationally representative Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2016-2017 consisting of 12,005 patients with diagnosed chronic diseases was used. Gender differentiated chronic disease stratified-analytical exploration was performed using logistic regression to identify the potential factors for higher or lower utilisation of healthcare services after step-by-step adjusting for independent confounding factors.Results: The five most prevalent chronic diseases among patients were gastric/ulcer (Male/Female (M/F):16.77% / 16.40%), arthritis/rheumatism (M/F:13.70% / 13.86%), respiratory diseases/asthma/bronchitis (M/F: 12.09% / 12.55%), chronic heart disease (M/F: 8.30% / 7.41%), and blood pressure (M/F: 8.20% / 8.87%). Eighty-six percent of patients with chronic diseases utilised health care services during the previous 30 days. Although most patients received outpatient healthcare services, a substantial difference in HCU among employed male (53%) and female (8%) patients were observed. Chronic heart disease patients were more likely to utilise health care than other disease types for both genders while the magnitude of HCU was significantly higher in males (OR = 2.22; 95% CI:1.51-3.26) than their female counterparts (OR = 1.44; 1.02-2.04). A similar association was observed among patients with diabetes and respiratory diseases.Conclusion: Emerging burden of chronic diseases were observed in Bangladesh. Patients with chronic heart disease utilised more healthcare services than patients experiencing other chronic diseases. The distribution of HCU varied by patient’s gender for the empolyment status. Risk-pooling mechanisms and access to free or low-cost healthcare services among the most disadvantaged people might enhance their universal health coverage.
Milk proteins as a feed restriction signature indicating the metabolic adaptation of dairy cows
Authors: Leduc A. , Guillou S. Le , Bianchi L. , Correia L. Oliveira , Gelé M. , Pires J. , Martin P. , Leroux C. , Provost F. Le , Boutinaud M.
Published: May 2022

Milk production in dairy cows is affected by numerous factors, including diet. Feed restriction is known to have little impact on milk total protein content but its effect on the fine protein composition is still poorly documented. The objective of this study was to describe the effects of two feed restriction trials of different intensities on the milk protein composition of Holstein cows. One restriction trial was short and of high intensity (SH), the second was long and of moderate intensity (LM). Feed restriction decreased the milk protein yield for caseins under the LM trial and of all six major milk proteins under the SH trial. These decreased yields lead to lower concentrations of αs1-, αs2- and β-caseins during the SH trial. The milk proteome was affected as a function of restriction intensity. Among the 345 proteins identified eight varied under the LM trial and 160 under the SH trial. Ontology analyses revealed their implication in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms as well as in the immune system. These proteins reflected adaptations of the animal and mammary gland physiology to feed restriction and constituted a signature of this change.
Primary, Dural-Based, Ewing Sarcoma in a Pediatric Patient: Presentation of a Rare Tumor Entity with Literature Review
Authors: GULER Ali , SENOL Yigit Can
Published: May 2022

Primary Ewing's sarcoma originating from the calvaria bone and/or underlying Dural involvement has been reported relatively rarely in the literature. Those originating from the dura and invading the bone above it in both directions, both towards the brain parenchyma and via the dura, are even rarer.CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a case of a 14-year-old girl with no known focal neurological deficit who presented with the complaint of vertigo for only 2 months. In neuroradiological examination, The left frontoparietal region of the brain showed the presence of a tumor originating from the dura, invading both bone and brain parenchyma. No other tumor location was discovered after radiological examination. Since the patient had a shift in the brain and progressive loss of strength on the right side, the patient was taken to surgery for tumor excision. The frozen result sent per-operatively was consistent with a round blue cell tumor. Adjuvant chemotherapy treatment was given to the patient after the definitive pathology report was compatible with Ewing's sarcoma. CONCLUSION: The patient had an uneventful neurological recovery without permanent neurological deficit. When the patient was kept under close clinical and radiological surveillance one year after the operation, no recurrence of the disease was observed. Bone marrow biopsy results and pet computerized tomography results confirmed the case of primary intracerebral Ewing sarcoma. This case illustrates an extremely rare location of primary Ewing's sarcoma with a set of clinical signs and symptoms extremely rare for this location of this rare disease entity.
Modulatory effect of sodium butyrate on anticancer activity of abemaciclib in MDA-MB- 231 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Elnozahi Neveen A. , ELAziz Esraa A. Abd , Helmy Maged W. , Bistawroos Azza E.
Published: May 2022

Triple negative is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with its treatment limited only to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The effect of abemaciclib and /or sodium butyrate on MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells was investigated. Using MTT assay, IC50 for the growth inhibitory effect of abemaciclib, sodium butyrate, and their combination were 14.55 µM, 7.08 mM, 3.743 mM, respectively. The combination showed a synergistic interaction with a decrease in IC50 to 2.55 µM of abemaciclib and 3.74 mM of butyrate. Three replica of four groups of cancer cells were treated for 48hr with IC50 of either abemaciclib or butyrate or their high or low doses combinations. A fifth group was treated with complete medium and served as control. Cell migration, protein expression level of cyclinD1, E2F2 transcription factor, phosphorylated AKT, nuclear factor kabba B (NF-κB), cyclin dependent kinase-2 (CDK2), retinoblastoma (Rb), p16INK4a, p53 and mRNA level of CDK2, p16INK4a and p53 were assessed in all treated groups. Combination treatment of abemaciclib and butyrate showed a significant attenuation of cell metastasis. The combination treatment was associated with a decrease in E2F2, CDK2, and NF-κB protein level together with an attenuation in AKT phosphorylation level. The combination also showed an elevation in Rb, p16INK4a, together with a reversal of DNA hypo-methylated state. Although abemaciclib monotherapy failed to alter CD1 or P53 levels, the combination significantly reduced CD1 level together with an increase in P53 level. In conclusion, combining butyrate with abemaciclib augmented its antiproliferative and antimetastatic effect and induced apoptotic activity.
Multiple-pinhole collimators improve intra- and between-rater agreement and the certainty of the visual interpretation in dopamine transporter SPECT
Authors: Mathies Franziska , Apostolova Ivayla , Dierck Lena , Jacobi Janin , Kuen Katja , Sauer Markus , Schenk Michael , Klutmann Susanne , Forgács Attila , Buchert Ralph
Published: May 2022

Background: Multiple-pinhole (MPH) collimators improve the resolution-sensitivity tradeoff compared to parallel-hole collimators. This study evaluated the impact of MPH collimators on intra- and between-rater agreement, and on the certainty of visual interpretation in dopamine transporter (DAT)-SPECT.Methods: The study included 71 patients (62.1±12.7y). Two SPECT acquisitions were performed in randomized order after a single injection of 182±9MBq 123I-FP-CIT, one with MPH and one with low-energy-high-resolution-high-sensitivity (LEHRHS) collimators. MPH projections were reconstructed with an iterative 3d Monte Carlo algorithm. LEHRHS projections were reconstructed with filtered backprojection (FBP) or with ordered-subsets-expectation-maximization and resolution recovery (OSEM). Images were visually evaluated twice by three independent raters with respect to presence/absence of Parkinson-typical reduction of striatal 123I-FP-CIT uptake using a Likert 6-score (-3=clearly normal, …, 3=clearly reduced). In case of intra-rater discrepancy, an intra-rater consensus was obtained. Intra- and between-rater agreement with respect to the Likert score (full score and dichotomized score) were characterized by Cohen’s kappa. Results: Intra-rater kappa of visual scoring of MPH/LEHRHS-OSEM/LEHRHS-FBP images was 0.84±0.12/0.73±0.06/0.73±0.08 (full score, mean of three raters) and 1.00±0.00/0.96±0.04/0.97±0.03 (dichotomized score). Between-rater kappa of visual scoring (intra-rater consensus) of MPH/LEHRHS-OSEM/LEHRHS-FBP images was 0.70±0.06/0.63±0.08/0.48±0.05 (full score, mean of three pairs of raters) and 1.00±0.00/0.92±0.04/0.90±0.06 (dichotomized score). There was a decrease of (negative) Likert scores in normal DAT-SPECT by 0.87±0.18 points from the LEHRHS-OSEM to the MPH setting. The (positive) Likert scores of reduced DAT-SPECT did not change on average.Conclusions: MPH collimators improve intra- and between-rater agreement as well as the certainty of the visual interpretation of DAT SPECT.
Statin Use and Delirium Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chang Ya-Hui , Wang Jian-Ying , Peng Tzu-Rong , Lian Jia-Haur , Lee Ming-Chia , Chen Hui-Ming
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Findings on the association of statin use with delirium risk are inconsistent. We performed an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate this association among critically ill and surgical patients.Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the EMBASE database, limiting the search to human patients and articles in English published until December 31, 2021. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to indicate the difference in the incidence of delirium between statin use and nonuse groups. A random-effects model was selected in the case of high heterogeneity of study populations. We used funnel plots, Egger’s test, Duval and Tweedie’s trim-and-fill approach, and the classic fail-safe N to assess publication bias.Findings: Of a total of 264 identified studies, 13 were selected for the qualitative review—4 RCTs and 9 observational cohort studies. Statin use was not associated with low delirium risk (pooled OR, 0·82; 95% CI, 0·64 to 1·04; p = 0·09). Substantial statistical heterogeneity was observed (I2, 90%). Visual inspection of the funnel plot of ORs from the studies revealed symmetry.Conclusions: Statin use is not associated with delirium risk. More comprehensive RCTs are required to confirm the results.
Effect of plasma welding current on heat source penetration ability of plasma-GMAW hybrid welding
Authors: Han Jiao , Han Yongquan , Sun Zhenbang , Hong Haitao
Published: May 2022

In the plasma-gas metal arc welding (GMAW) hybrid welding of aluminum alloy, the weld penetration under different plasma welding currents was compared. When the plasma welding current was lower than 150 A, the hybrid welding penetration was greater than the sum of the single plasma welding and the single GMAW penetration. When the plasma welding current reached 130 A, with the increase of the plasma welding current, the advantage of the weld penetration of the hybrid welding was gradually weakened compared with that of the single welding. The above change mechanism is revealed from the perspectives of heat source energy distribution and molten pool stress. The results show that when the plasma welding current is lower than 110 A, the area of the high-temperature region in the arc zone of GMAW in the hybrid welding increases compared with that in the single GMAW. The trend of arc energy transfer to the penetration direction increases under the action of arc pressure, arc shear force, electromagnetic force, and droplet impact. With the increase of plasma welding current, the high-temperature area of the GMAW arc first increases and then decreases. When the plasma current reaches 130 A, the effect of arc pressure, arc shear force, electromagnetic force, and droplet impact on increasing the penetration begins to weaken.
Characteristics of profiling the peripheral blood T‐cell receptor repertoire in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Li Jing , Zhou Zhiyuan , Fu Xiaorui , Zhang Zhixin , Zhang Mingzhi
Published: May 2022

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with strong heterogeneity and high invasiveness. The high-throughput sequencing of peripheral blood T cell receptor (TCR) can analyze the individual's immune response and directly reflect the immune status. This study aimed to detect the TCR β chain in peripheral blood of DLBCL patients and the control group, and also to analyze the characteristics of the TCR CDR3 immune repertoire of DLBCL patients before and after chemotherapy. We found that the diversity of the baseline TCR repertoire in DLBCL samples were significantly reduced than those in the control group, while there was no difference in diversity before and after chemotherapy. Patients with 53.5 years or older, stage III-IV, high IPI score and ECOG performance showed a limited TCR CDR3 repertoire. The baseline TCR diversity of patients who achieved complete remission (CR) was higher than that of the non-remission (Non-CR) group. Comparing the V gene and J gene of the CR group and the Non-CR group, it was found that the two Vβ genes have the potential to predict the therapeutic effect. In addition, standard first-line chemotherapy regimen caused changes in the frequency of T cell clones in DLBCL patients. The similarity index of CR group was lower, indicating that more changes in TCR clones occurred after chemotherapy. This study revealed the unique TCR CDR3 immune repertoire of DLBCL patients and its relationship with clinical characteristics. Dynamic monitoring of TCR diversity can more accurately predict clinical benefit.
Correlation between the outcome of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and erythrocyte hematocrit level and platelet function
Authors: Sato Keiji , Kogo Jiro , Jujo Tatsuya , Sekine Reio , Uchiyama Naoto , Kakehashi Kota , Kawagoe Tatsukata , Tokuda Naoto , Kitaoka Yasushi , Takagi Hitoshi
Published: May 2022

We investigated whether biomarkers such as red blood cell hematocrit (Hct), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) are useful as prognostic indicators of postoperative macular edema (ME) after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Forty-eight eyes of 43 patients with PDR who underwent vitrectomy between January 2018 and May 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. We divided them into two groups according to whether treatment was required for postoperative ME and compared the relationship between Hct, PLT, MPV, and PDW and the onset of postoperative ME. The group that received postoperative treatment (group T) comprised 13 eyes of 12 patients, and the group that did not (group N) comprised 35 eyes of 32 patients. The age (years) was 53.2 ± 9.9 in group T and 60.0 ± 11.4 in group N. When the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Pearson chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were performed for comparison between groups, significant differences were found in Hct (p = 0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, and a significant difference was found in Hct (< 0.01). These results suggest that Hct might be useful as a predictor of ME after PDR surgery.
3D printed laboratory equipment to measure bulk materials in extreme conditions
Authors: Diviš Jan , Hlosta Jakub , Žurovec David , Rozbroj Jiří , Kruszelnicka Weronika , Nečas Jan , Zegzulka Jiří
Published: May 2022

The development of 3D printing methods and of printing materials enabled users to print 3D parts on demand, which is crucial in fast prototyping of new equipment or resolving problems with laboratory equipment both on Erath and in the universe. Due to relatively new solutions in the field of 3D printing, there are few studies on the possibility of using printed elements in measuring devices. In order to fill the gap in this area, the aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using instruments made by material extrusion 3D printing method for measurement of selected mechanical-physical properties of bulk materials. We explore the feasibility of measuring bulk material mechanical-physical properties when there are obstacles for printing original or modified measuring instruments in common practice, such as the lower weight of the measuring instruments, the ability to pre-print a set of laboratory measuring instruments or to print the set on the spot, to replace a damaged part with a new 3D printed part on-demand, the logistical unavailability, customization of the standardized tests for better understanding of the behaviour of the particulate materials, and cheaper manufacturing cost. To achieve the goals a series of experiments such as Schulze’s ring shear tests, Freeman’s FT4 shear tests, compressibility tests, and Flow Rate and Stability tests were performed with use of original aluminium or steel made instruments and 3D printed instruments from polylactic acid and acrylic styrene acrylonitrile materials, using lunar regolith simulants LHS-1 and LMS-1 produced by CLASS Exolith Lab as a sample material. The results obtained from tests with original and printed instruments were then compared. The compared values of the effective angle of internal friction, linearized angle of internal friction, flow function, cohesion, compressibility, basic flowability energy, flow rate index, and stability index showed applicability of the 3D printed measuring instruments.
Risk factors analysis for adverse short-term prognosis in patients with contrast-induced acute kidney injury: a retrospective study
Authors: Deng Yunzhen , He Yi , Zhuang Kaiting , Wen Yanlin , Chen Junxiang
Published: May 2022

Aims: We aimed to evaluate risk factors influencing adverse short-term outcomes in contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) patients after coronary angiography (CA) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Materials and methods: We retrospectively collected 64 consecutive CI-AKI patients after CA/PCI procedure from January 2014 to November 2019. The clinical outcomes were in-hospital mortality and persistent renal dysfunction (RD). Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify the risk factors for in-hospital mortality and persistent RD. Results: The incidence of in-hospital mortality was 7.8% in CI-AKI patients. After adjusting potential confounders, cardiogenic shock (OR=40.5, 95% CI, 4.147–395.494, P=0.001) was the independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality. Persistent RD occurred in 35 (59%) of survival patients. After adjusting potential confounders, eGFR (OR=3.553, 95% CI, 1.497–25.416, P=0.027), duration of procedure (OR=1.037, 95% CI, 1.002–1.073, P=0.038) and contrast media category (OR=7.189, 95% CI, 1.202–42.982, P=0.031) were independent risk factors for persistent RD. Conclusion: In-hospital mortality of CI-AKI patients was associated with severe systemic hemodynamic alteration. Patients with existing renal impairment before CA/PCI were more likely to develop persistent RD, while reducing CA/PCI procedure time and use of isotonic contrast media (IOCM) might help decreasing the risk.
Bone repair of implants surfaces in rats: histomorphometric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. A Randomized study
Authors: Francisconi Giovanna Barbosa , Cervantes Lara Cristina Cunha , Tonini Karen Rawen , Sol Izabella , Ponzoni Daniela , Junior Idelmo Rangel Garcia
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to characterize the newly formed bone tissue adjacent to implant surfaces histologically. The implants were previously analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy and installed in the right tibia of 75 rats divided into the: polished group, machined group and treated group. The animals were euthanized at 3, 7, 15, 21, and 40 postoperative days, and the tibias were histologically analyzed for bone/implant contact. Scanning electron microscopy of the surfaces showed topographic differences, with the smoothest and most regular surfaces in the polish group, followed by the surface of the machine group, while the treated group showed surfaces with the greatest roughness. The energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy revealed surfaces without contamination and showed similar Titanium, Aluminum, and Vanadium contents in all groups. The implant osseointegration process showed healthy and vital bone with similar qualitative patterns in all groups. Bone cortilization occurred in contact with the implants’ titanium surfaces, even in the areas close to the tibial bone marrow. The peri-implant repair pattern was similar between all the surface types at all other timelines, with cortical bone formation in all the titanium surface of the three implant groups.
Multi-omics analyses reveal multimodal Fusobacterium DNA damage perturbations in colorectal cancer
Authors: Kataria Radhika , Quist Jelmar , Lee Sunjae , Megalios Anargyros , Sawyer Elinor , Hardiman Thomas , Liu Chang , Kelly Katherine , Portlock Theo , Alon-Maimon Tamar , Wan Jonathan , Bachrach Gilad , Shoaie Saeed , Grigoriadis Anita
Published: May 2022

Fusobacterium nucleatum is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen and oncogenic microbe. Using host sequencing data to systematically investigate Fusobacterium-host interactions in colorectal cancers (CRCs), we developed and orthogonally validated a multi-omics PAThogen CHaracterisation tool (PATCH) enabling gene-level annotations. In 1,020 CRC transcriptomes and 86 genomes from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 9 Fusobacterium species were detected to gene-level resolution identifying carcinogenic virulence factors. PATCH uncovered the integration of Fusobacterium’s DNA into the host genome, specifically in non-coding regions and near Short Interspersed Elements. CRCs with integrated-Fusobacterium DNA revealed perturbations in host DNA damage response mechanisms, including deficiencies in chromosome segregation, increased microsatellite instability, elevated cytosolic DNA/RNA sensing signalling, and mutations in genes involved in oncogenic-related pathways. Fusobacterium-positive CRCs exhibited global LINE-1 hypomethylation, suggesting a potential integration path into non-coding regions. Our analytical approaches have delineated Fusobacterium’s multimodal contribution to disrupting genomic stability in CRC, which could facilitate tailored treatment options.
Advanced Finite Element Model for predicting surface integrity in high-speed turning of AA7075-T6 under dry and cryogenic conditions
Authors: Imbrogno S , Rotella Giovanna , Prete Antonio Del
Published: May 2022

The overall quality of a component, its mechanical performance and reliability during all its life cycle depends on several characteristics. The choice of the material plays an important role in satisfying the requirements and usually it makes the difference between failed and not failed products, however another significant impact in the material performances is characterised by the manufacturing process. Nowadays, the numerical simulation represents an important tool to quickly predict several scenario depending on process parameters changes leading to a more flexible manufacturing process and time-cost saving due to the reduced experimental tests. This work presents an innovative Finite Element Model (FEM) of high-speed turning of one of the most used aluminium alloys in aerospace field, namely the AA7075-T6. The developed simulation tool allowed to better investigate the metallurgical phenomena triggered by the vary process parameters tested and the cooling conditions used during the machining tests. A physics-based model to simulate the material behaviour has been developed and implemented via subroutine within the FEM software. The predictive capability of the model has been validated through experimental and numerical comparison of cutting forces, maximum temperature and the grain size changes.
Prognostic values and clinical relationship of AHSA1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: wang qiqi , wang changcheng
Published: May 2022

Objective
To investigate the expression status of the activator of Hsp90 ATPase homolog 1-like protein (AHSA1)in hepatocellular carcinoma༈HCC༉, further analyzed the relationship between AHSA1 expression level and prognosis and possible mechanism of action .
Methods
HCCDB, GEPIA and Oncomine databases were used to analyze the expression of AHSA1 mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and normal liver tissues. Download RNA-seq data and the clinical information of LIHC from the TCGA database, Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan–Meier plots were used to evaluate the prognostic value of AHSA1 in HCC. R software was used to construct the nomogram based on the expression level of AHSA1. The calibration curve was plotted to evaluate the consistency between the actual survival and the predicted survival. GO and KEGG gene set enrichment analysis revealed tumor-associated biological processes related to AHSA1. The TIMER2.0 and GFPIA database are used to evaluate the correlation between AHSAl and tumor immune infiltration. The correlation between AHSA1 and the expression of 8 glycolysis-related genes in HCC was studied through the GEPIA database. Screening of small molecule targeted drugs for AHSA1 through CMAP.
Results
The expression level of AHSA1 in patients with HCC was much higher than that in normal tissues༈P < 0.01). High expression of AHSA1 was associated with a worse prognosis of HCC compared low expression of AHSA1(P < 0.05). AHSA1 expression was an independent factor affecting overall survival༈HR = 1.970, p < 0.001༉. The association between AHSA1 gene expression and the risk of HCC was presented in a nomogram. The AUC of OS for 1、3 and 5 years is 0.721、0.711 and 0.725 respectively. The calibration chart shows that the predicted survival rate is in good agreement with the actual survival rate curve. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that AHSAl can promote tumor progression by mediating neutrophil activation and participating in biological processes such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The expression level of AHSA1 mRNA was positively associated with the degrees of immune infiltration by B cells, CD4 + T cells, regulatory T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells in HCC(P < 0.05). The expression of AHSA1 was significantly positively correlated with the expression of glycolysis-related genes. Etacrynic acid and Blebbistatin may be small molecule targeted drugs that can reverse the expression of AHSA1.
Conclusions
AHSA1 mRNA may be a potential oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma, and its up-regulated expression plays an important role in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. High levels of AHSA1 mRNA expression may promote the immune infiltration of HCC and indicates the poor prognosis of HCC patients. AHSA1 might be a prognostic molecule and therapeutic target of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Heritability, productivity and economic profitability of The Biofloc Strain of Tilapia
Authors: Nugroho Estu , Kristanto Anang Hari , D Raden Roro Sri Pudji Sinarni , Gunadi Bambang , Robisalmi Adam , Pamungkas Wahyu , Setijaningsih Lies , Rifaldi Muhammad
Published: May 2022

The decreasing productivity and increasing environmental pressure on intensive tilapia culture in open waters, especially in floating net cages, have forced the development of a biofloc system for tilapia farming. This study was aimed to develop the superior tilapia strain suitable for the biofloc system, their productivity and economic profitability under commercial scale in the biofloc system. The selective breeding activity was carried out on 100 families reared and mated in hapa in the biofloc pond for three generations. Individual selection was conducted at the age of 6 months on the characters of standard length and body weight with the best 10% reference for formation of the next generation. After three generations, the offspring obtained from mass spawning were grown out in round-limen ponds and square-concrete ponds for productivity and profitability observations. The results showed that heritability values ​​of the biofloc tilapia strain were 0.4196 (standard length, SL) and 0.4898 (body weight, BW). The average response selection of BW and SL were 13.04% and 6.11%, respectively. Biomass gain was obtained between 19.29–28.83 kg/m3. The production multiply value was 8.07-13.59x. The average daily weight growth was between 2.8g-3.0g. The Benefit-Cost ratio valued from 1.81 to 2.71.
Optical purification of materials via electromagnetically induced walking
Authors: Lai Wenxi
Published: May 2022

Natural materials are always mixed with foreign matters which affect their physical or chemical properties. Here, we give an optical method for the precise purification of gaseous state materials. Principle of this method is originated from spin-orbit coupling in electromagnetically induced walking where fingerprints of atoms such as masses and optical transition wavelengths determine walking speed of the atoms. This method could be used for some hardly separable atoms and isotopes depending on the condition of atom coherent time. The present work opens a platform for applications of cold atom technology in the purification of atoms and molecules.PACS numbers: 37.10.Vz, 32.90.+a, 3.75.-b, 42.50.Ct
Apes in Lab Coats: Scientific Exploratory Behaviour in Homo sapiens
Authors: Lendrem Dennis
Published: May 2022

This study reports observations of scientists attempting to solve a standard experimental problem - DNA amplification through the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - in a ‘virtual’ laboratory. One striking observation is that scientists employ search strategies not dissimilar to the foraging strategies of apes and other animals. While such search strategies may be appropriate when exploring two- or three-dimensional environments, they are highly unsuited to exploring the complex multi-dimensional spaces representing many scientific and technical challenges. The evolution of exploratory behaviour in Homo sapiens may represent a major obstacle to the uptake of better tools. The wider adoption of mathematical and statistical tools designed for the exploration and mapping of such spaces may be constrained by our evolutionary biology.
Density dependence on male sexual expression in metapopulations of a tropical moss: a monoicous species almost dioicous
Authors: Santos Wagner Luiz dos , Pôrto Katia , Bordin Juçara , Pinheiro Fabio
Published: May 2022

Life-history variables such as reproductive allocation, sexual expression, sex ratio, and reproductive success, are central aspects of a species' ecology and evolution. For example, biases in male and female sex expression may play a large role in determining the viability of populations in the face of environmental pressures such as population fragmentation, climate change and habitat occupancy. Thus, in this study, we investigated reproductive traits in 10 metapopulations of Fissidens flaccidus Mitt. From each metapopulation, 30 patches were randomly selected, and samples were collected from each patch of 1cm2. A total of 20173 ramets were analyzed and classified into male, non-sporophytic female, sporophytic female, and non-sex expressing. In addition, population density in each patch was quantified. Our results showed that relative reproductive allocation in perigonia and sporophytes is greater than perichaetia. In addition, a trade-off between sexual relative reproductive allocation and asexual gemma production was observed, suggesting an important role of female ramets in asexual reproduction. The number of male ramets does not influence the reproductive success observed in each patch, and ramet density may induce male sex expression. Thus, we concluded that reproductive allocation in male function is efficient, since fewer male ramets can assure a considerable reproductive success. Furthermore, our results suggest that there may be a habitat preference between the sexes, since male ramets are found in patches with high density and mostly below female ramets, suggesting an avoidance of direct sunlight by male ramets.
Circulating CD8 + CD122 + T cells as a prognostic indicator of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Teramatsu Katsuhito , Oono Takamasa , Oyama Koki , Fujimori Nao , Murakami Masatoshi , Yasumori Sho , Ohno Akihisa , Matsumoto Kazuhide , Takeno Ayumu , Nakata Kohei , Nakamura Masafumi , Ogawa Yoshihiro
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The role of peripheral immunosuppressive cells in pancreatic cancer prognosis remains debated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the peripheral levels of CD4+ and CD8+CD122+ T cells, and establish their association with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: Blood and tissue samples were collected from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (n=54), resectable pancreatic cancer (n=12), and benign pancreatic cysts (n=52) between April 2019 and January 2022 and analyzed.Results: Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer had a larger proportion of both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting cells than those with benign pancreatic cysts. In addition, the proportion of peripheral CD4+ T cells positively correlated with the survival of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, and the proportion of peripheral CD8+CD122+ T cells was associated with early mortality (<90 days). After chemotherapy, CD8+CD122+ T cells decreased in patients who had a partial response or stable disease. Moreover, by analyzing resected specimens, we first proved that the existence of CD8+CD122+ T cells in a tumor microenvironment (TME) depends on their proportion in peripheral blood. Conclusion: Circulating CD8+CD122+ T cells can be a prognostic indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer, and may play a suppressive role against other effector T cells in the TME.
Easy way to produce iron-doped titania nanoparticles via the solid-state method and investigation their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Rosa Domenico , D’Agostino Francesca , Bavasso Irene , Bracciale Maria Paola , Palma Luca Di
Published: May 2022

This study focuses on the synthesis of iron-modified TiO2 nanoparticles “via solid-state” method with different iron content (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 wt%) using commercial titania Degussa P25 and TiO2 synthesized (sTiO2) via microemulsion method. The samples were characterized by SEM, BET and UV-Vis-DRS. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated in terms of methylene blue (MB) degradation in aqueous solution under visible radiation and under different conditions (pH, catalyst dosage, pollutant initial concentration, irradiance). The tests showed a big difference between sTiO2 and Degussa 25. The sTiO2 with an iron load of 1 wt% has been proven to be the best photocatalyst. This behavior is attributed to the Fe3+ species in sTiO2 crystal lattice whose presence decreases the bandgap.
High-rate decoupled water electrolysis system integrated with α-MoO3 as a redox mediator with fast anhydrous proton kinetics
Authors: Ma Zihan , Lu Xiaofei , Park Sunghyun , Shinagawa Tatsuya , Okubo Masashi , Takanabe Kazuhiro , Yamada Atsuo
Published: May 2022

Hydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuels that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Decoupled water electrolysis system using a reversible proton storage redox mediator, where the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction are separated in time and space, is an effective approach to produce hydrogen gas with high purity, high flexibility, and low cost. To realize a fast hydrogen production in such a system, a redox mediator capable of releasing proton rapidly is required. Herein, α-MoO3, with an ultrafast proton transfer property that can be explained by a dense hydrogen bond network in the lattice oxygen arrays of HxMoO3, was examined in this work as a high-rate redox mediator for fast hydrogen production in acidic electrolytes. The α-MoO3 redox mediator shows both a large capacity of 204 mAh g-1 and fast hydrogen production at a current rate of 1 A cm-2 (100 A g-1), outperforming most of the previously reported solid-state redox mediators.
Genome-wide analysis of Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene family in rice(Oryza sativa L.): identification, expression analysis and response to drought stress
Authors: Liang Shaoming , Xu Shanbin , Qu Di , Yang Luomiao , Wang Jingguo , Liu Hualong , Xin Wei , Li Peng , Wang Yinglin , zou Detang , Zheng Hongliang
Published: May 2022

Background Plant lignin plays a crucial role in plant stress resistance, and Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of the core enzymes involved in lignin synthesis. However, there is no systematic study on the rice COMT gene family. Methods and results We identified 33 COMT genes containing Methyltransferase-2 domain in the rice genome using bioinformatic methods. Using cis-acting element analysis, we found that the rice COMT genes contain multiple drought-inducible MYB-binding site (MBS)-acting elements related to drought induction and hypothesized that the rice COMT genes are related to drought stress. The RNA level data and qRT-PCR showed that rice COMT genes were highly expressed in leaves and stems, the expression of OsCOMT21/5/2/17/19 increased and that of OsCOMT31/16/21 decreased under drought stress. Protein interaction networks are related to gene classification. Targeting miRNAs and gene ontology annotation revealed that OsCOMTs may also be involved in other abiotic stress responses. We also studied the 3D structure of OsCOMTs proteins. Conclusion Our study contributes to the analysis of the biological function of rice COMT genes, which may provide information for future rice breeding and editing of the rice genome.
Mechanical thrombectomy for vertebral and basilar artery occlusions: Our institutional experience with 17 patients
Authors: Yu Xu , Richad Seidu A. , Fuhua Ye , Jianfeng Jiang , Xinmin Zhou , Min Wu
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke of the posterior circulation as a result of vertebrobasilar artery occlusions are often associated with severe morbidity and mortality rates. Vertebrobasilar artery occlusions retrieval via mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a new treatment modality for occlusive strokes. Nevertheless, factors associated with good outcome have not been investigated adequately. Thus, our study focuses on factors associated with good prognosis. Method: We retrospectively analyzed a series of 17 patients with acute vertebral artery occlusions (VAOs) and basilar artery occlusions (BAOs) treated via mechanical thrombectomy. In all patients, information such as sex and age, time from admission to onset of femoral artery access, number of thrombus removed, time of femoral artery access to recanalization, pre- and post -operative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), pre- and post-operative thrombolysis in cerebral infarction as well as modified Rankin Scale were documented and analyzed.Results: Our analysis comprised of 11 patients with BAOs and 6 patients with VAOs. We achieved 70.6 % recanalization rate with over all good prognosis of 58.8% at 90 days. Statistically, there was significant improvement in outcome comparing the NIHSS before operations to the NIHSS one week after the operations (t=2.735, P=0.008). Nevertheless, we did not find any significant correlation between time from admission to onset of femoral artery puncture, time from femoral artery puncture to recanalization and prognosis.Conclusion: Lower NIHSS score before MT could be a good prognostic factor. An average time of about 5.5 hours from patients’ arrival to recanalization with 70.6 % recanalization rate with over all good prognosis of 58.8% at 90 days means that, patients who operations are carried out within 5 hours still have hope for recanalization compared to initial 1.5 hours average time for recanalization.
Bio-inspired electronic fingerprint PUF device with single-walled carbon nanotube network surface mediated by M13 bacteriophage template
Authors: Jeong Jae-Seung , Lee Gyo Sub , Lee Ki-Young , Ju Hyunsu
Published: May 2022

Human fingerprints are randomly created during fetal activity in the womb, resulting in unique and physically irreproducible fingerprint patterns that are applicable as a biological cryptographic primitive. Similarly, stochastically knitted single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) network surfaces exhibit inherently random and unique electrical characteristics that can be exploited as a physical unclonable function (PUF) in the authentication. In this study, filamentous M13 bacteriophages are used as a biological gluing template to create a random SWNT network surface with mechanical flexibility, with electrical properties determined by random variation during fabrication. The resistance profile between two adjacent electrodes was mapped for these M13-mediated SWNT network surfaces, with the results demonstrating a unique resistance profile for each M13-SWNT device, similar to that of human fingerprints. Randomness and uniqueness measures were evaluated as respectively 50.5% and 50% using generated challenge–response pairs. Min-entropy for unpredictability evaluation of the M13-WNT based PUFs resulted in 0.98. Our results showed that M13-SWNT random network exhibits cryptographic characteristics when used in a bio-inspired PUF device.
Racial Disparities in Incidence and Survival of Young Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Analysis
Authors: Jang Min Kyeong , Doorenbos Ardith Z. , Park Chang , Gadi Vijayakrishna K , Hong Susan , Hamlish Tamara
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Disparities in breast cancer mortality between Black and white women have been well documented. Few studies, however, have examined the interaction of race and clinical characteristics among young breast cancer survivors. This study aimed to enhance the understanding of racial disparities in survival probabilities specific to the young breast cancer population.Methods: We extracted Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Research Data for 2000 to 2017 for breast cancer, females, and age 20 to 44 years. We applied Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox proportional hazard regression, and marginal effects analysis after Cox regression. Results: We analyzed data from 93,491 young breast cancer cases. Notably, compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) showed significantly higher predicted hazard ratio (HR) values regardless of cancer subtype or stage. NHB with triple-negative subtype had an HR of 11.238 (p=.026) compared to NHW counterparts; NHB with Her2-/HR+ subtype had an HR of 16.599 (p<.001). NHB showed significantly worse cancer-specific survival probabilities than NHW across all stages, with the largest difference in stage IV, with an HR of 95.890 (p=0.001) for NHB compared to NHW. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that young NHB breast cancer survivors had significantly lower cancer-specific survival probabilities than NHW survivors, even given the same tumor biology and stage, with the lowest survival probabilities among NHB with Her2-/HR+ subtype and higher cancer stage. These findings document significant disparities in survival among young breast cancer survivors and point to avenues for clinical interventions to improve outcomes for all young survivors.