bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the portable spectrometer XRF for the determination of content of some metals in soil: A case study from Holy Cross Mountains (Central Poland)
Authors: Kuć Paweł , Lenik Piotr , Bazarnik Jakub
Published: November 2018

The analysis of chemical composition using the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (p-XRF) is recently rapidly developing instrumental research method. This method was applied to analyze the content of selected elements in soil samples from the Strużna region of the Holy Cross Mountains. The Olympus Delta Premium p-XRF spectrometer (4W Ta anode X ray tube, 40 kV, 200 μA current beam, “soil” mode, 135 seconds) was used. Prior to analyze the soil samples, the NIST 2710a and NIST 2711a reference standards were utilized in order to calibrate the p-XRF spectrometer. The maps showing obtained results of K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, As and Pb were constructed using the SURFER 7.0 software with kriging procedure. The obtained results show arithmetic means similar to the previously obtained using traditional methods of chemical analysis for the soils of Holy Cross Mountains. These results combined with the high accuracy of measurements obtained by using the p-XRF Olympus Delta X spectrometer proved this device to be the effective tool for environmental and geochemical studies.
Occurrence of thermal and mineralized waters as an opportunity for development of therapeutic resorts as the touristic attractions in Warsaw region
Authors: Gryszkiewicz Izabella , Socha Mariusz
Published: November 2018

The thermal and mineralized waters in the subsurface of Sulejówek, Józefów, and Otwock towns of the Warsaw region have been analyzed. An initial assessment of the utilization of such waters based on deep boreholes and significance of these waters for development of the communities has been considered. The analysis shows that in the area of Sulejówek, Józefów and Otwock communes there are chloride and sodium waters in the aquifer of the Lower Cretaceous and the Jurassic of mineralization from about 10 to over 70 g/dm3, probably characterized by an increased content of specific components desirable in the case of waters used in balneotherapy – iodides (above 1 mg/dm3 in the lower cretaseous and lower jurassic) and divalent iron (over 10 mg/dm3 in the lower jurassic). The values of subsurface temperature in this area at a depth of 1000 m are about 35°C, at a depth of 2000 m the temperature exceeds 50°C. An optimist scenario includes a possibility of future development of touristic attractions in terms of therapeutic resorts in the Warsaw region.
Å lese film
Authors: Svenhard Britt W.
Published: November 2018

Mange lærere ønsker å bruke film i engelskundervisningen, men ser kanskje ikke umiddelbart hvordan dette kan forankres i læreplanmål eller hvilke arbeidsmåter man kan velge. Denne artikkelen ser på hvordan Kunnskapsløftet (2017) åpner for mer bruk av film og hvilke muligheter som ligger i å se elevenes forkunnskaper om visuelle tekster og sjangre som bidrag i byggingen av literacy-kompetanse. Det vises til forskning og utviklingsarbeid innen kunstfagene som fremholder viktigheten av at elever får utvikle språk til å fortelle historier basert på visuelle inntrykk (Bamford, 2008; Yenawine, 2014). Det beskrives videre hvordan lærere kan overføre lesestrategier fra disse fagene til engelskundervisningen for å gi elevene bedre rammer for å forstå og bruke film og andre visuelle narrative tekster i en språkfaglig sammenheng. Artikkelen ser nærmere på hvordan sjangerlære (Mjør et. al., 2006; Stafford, 2011) kan være et møtepunkt mellom film og skjønnlitteratur. Å integrere film bedre i engelskfaget kan også bidra til å styrke elevenes metakognitive kompetanse. Metodene som beskrives illustrerer hvordan visuelle tekster og kunnskap om læringsstrategier og forståelse for egne læringsprosesser i møte med slike tekster kan utløse mer kritisk tenkning og selvstendig læring.Nøkkelord: film, literacy, lesestrategier, sjangerlære, eventyr, fantasy, kritisk tenkning.Reading filmsAbstractThis article addresses teachers who are looking to integrate film into their English syllabus and who are searching for related methods that will enable them to fulfil both subject and core curriculum aims (Kunnskapsløftet 2017). I explore methods and approaches for the utilization of Norwegian students’ extensive knowledge of visual texts and genres in the teaching of literacy and metacognitive competence. The discussion draws on research and teaching practices that demonstrate how arts integration into other subjects facilitates student output and metacognitive and higher order thinking (Bamford, 2008; Yenawine, 2014). My emphasis is on the combined use of reading comprehension and visual thinking strategies in the teaching of film in EFL courses and I propose genre-based teaching (Mjør et al., 2006; Stafford, 2011) as a viable approach to a more comprehensive literacy instruction, including both literary and film narratives. I also look at how encouraging the transfer of students’ prior knowledge of film and narrative patterns can contribute to greater learner autonomy.Keywords: film, literacy, reading strategies, visual thinking strategies, genre-based teaching, critical thinking.
Barndommens egenverdi på spill?
Authors: Eriksen Marte
Published: November 2018

Barnehageloven §1 tredje ledd sier at barnehagen skal anerkjenne barndommens egenverdi (Kunnskapsdepartementet, 2011). Stortingsmelding 24 «Framtidens barnehage» slår også fast at «Småbarnsalderen er ikke en livsfase som i hovedsak handler om forberedelser til en voksenverden, men en fase der det enkelte barn skal vokse ut fra egne forutsetninger og oppleve å bli sett og respektert som seg selv.» (Kunnskapsdepartementet, 2013, s. 11).En antagelse om synkende fokus på anerkjennelsen av barndommens egenverdi, er kjernen i det barnehagepolitiske temaet jeg vil ta opp her.
Dåpssamtalen i en ny tid
Authors: Liodden Runar
Published: November 2018

Hvordan møter kirken de ulike foreldrene som i dag velger kristen dåp for barnet sitt? Hvordan møter vi foreldre som har et ulikt forhold til troen og dåpen? Artikkelen deler refleksjoner på bakgrunn av møter med dåpsforeldrene og presenterer grep som forfatteren har testet ut for å kommunisere godt med ulike foreldre. Refleksjonen relaterer til en pedagogisk modell som er beregnet på den asymmetriske relasjonen mellom voksen og barn i hjem og skole som presentert i boka «Påvirkning med respekt» av den danske pedagogen Carsten Hjort Pedersen.
Suicidal behaviour: genes, environmental stress and
temperamental traits
Authors: Mandelli Laura , Carli Vladimir , Serretti Alessandro , Sarchiapone Marco
Published: November 2018

Multiple risk factors have been involved in the risk for suicide
and multiple trajectories have been hypothesized leading to suicidal behaviour.
Consistent evidence suggests the involvement of heritable factors, as well as a
critical role of life stress and early adversity. In the present article we will
review the evidence for the involvement of genetic, environmental as well as
personality traits in the risk for suicide, together with recent evidence
supporting an interaction between these different factors.
Kognitiv atferdsterapi ved selvmordsfare
Authors: Repål Arne
Published: November 2018

Artikkelen beskriver bruken av kognitiv atferdterapi (KAT) i forhold til pasienter med selvmordstanker. Den redegjør kort for den kognitive modellen for depresjon, med spesielt fokus på sammenhengen mellom håpløshet og selvmordstanker. De sentrale metodene i KAT for å bygge håp blir presentert. Disse kan bidra til å redusere negativ tenkning og dermed svekke selvmordstanker. Artikkelen beskriver også bruken av en selvmordsforebyggende plan. This article describes how patients with suicidal thoughts are treated within a Cognitive-behaviour therapy model (CBT). A cognitive model for depression is described, with focus on the link between hopelessness and suicidal thoughts. Some of the key CBT methods for building hope are presented. These methods can be used to create a more optimistic viewpoint and to reduce suicidal thinking. The making of an antisuicide plan are described. Many of the items in such a plan are drawn directly from work on hoplessness.
Pårørende til selvmordstruede børn og unge. Et gruppetilbud til forældre - nogle resultater
Authors: Fleischer Elene , Knudsen Anna
Published: November 2018

I artiklen beskrives praksis og nogle af de overvejelser, der opstod som følge af dynamikken i de gennemførte samtalegrupper tilbudt forældre, der har en selvmordstruet søn eller datter. Grupperne har været forsøgt sammensat under hensyn til alder for at sikre en gensidig platform for forældrene. Artiklen beskriver forløbet af dynamik i gruppen fra det første møde med usikkerhed og anspændt stilhed til en mere afslappet og selvsikker stemning blandt forældrene. De føler sig i gruppeforløbet frie til at tale om deres følelser, og emner som usikkerhed, afmagt, angst bliver bragt frem. Også temaer som oversete søskende og situationens indflydelse på forældrenes parforhold er berørt. Psykoedukation indgår som et væsentligt element. Forfatterne går ind for at inkludere denne form for behandling som et element i den offentlige forebyggelse af selvmord. The survey deals with reflections generated due to the dynamics of groups comprising parents living with a suicidal child or adolescent. The groups have been composed with due respect to the age of the suicidal child/adolescent to secure a mutual platform for the parents. The article describes dynamics in the group from the first meeting with insecurity and tense quietness to a more relaxed and confident atmosphere among the parents. They feel free to speak about their emotions in the group and topics like insecurity, powerlessness, anxiety are brought forward. Other topics such as neglected siblings and the situation's impact on the parents' relationship are mentioned. Psycho-education is introduced. The authors advocate to include this kind of treatment as an element in the public suicide prevention.
Styrking av oppfølgingstilbudet til FN-/NATO-veteraner
Authors: Reinholdt Nils Petter
Published: November 2018

Som en del av regjeringens handlingsplan “I tjeneste for Norge” er RVTS Øst på oppdrag fra Helsedirektoratet i ferd med å gjennomføre en rekke tiltak rettet mot ulike målgrupper der formålet er å styrke helseog oppfølgingstilbudet til FN-/NATOveteraner. En av prosjektets viktigste intensjoner er å bidra til å bygge bro mellom Forsvaret og det sivile hjelpeapparatet. Prosjektet omfatter blant annet kompetanseoppbygging for relevante aktører, systematisk nettverksbygging og formidlingsarbeid – blant annet gjennom publisering av artikler – for å spre kunnskap om hvordan skarpe utenlandsoppdrag kan påvirke hverdagslivet for den som reiser ut og for familien. Siden høsten 2010 har mer enn 1000 ansatte i det sivile hjelpeapparatet deltatt på kurs. En rekke kompetansetiltak er gjennomført over hele landet. I artikkelen presenteres sentrale utfordringer i feltet og prosjektets tiltak gjennomgås. Prosjektet er planlagt videreført blant annet gjennom etablering av regionale nettverk. Hvert enkelt RVTS tar ansvar for å etablere ressursnettverk i sin region, med det formål å styrke oppfølgingstilbudet til veteraner og deres familier. The regional Centre for Prevention of Violence, Trauma and Suicide – Region East (RVTS Øst) has been commissioned by the Norwegian Directorate of Health to develop and implement a series of measures aimed at strengthening the support and care of Norwegian war veterans. Since 1946 more than 100 000 Norwegians have participated in more than 40 peace keeping and peace enforcement operations on four continents. This paper describes the different parts of the project as well as a structure for continuation of measures through regional resource networks.
Um sistema baseado em PLN e AG para apoiar a mediação pedagógica em fóruns de discussão
Authors: Ferreira Máverick André Dionísio , Mello Rafael Ferreira Leite , Garrozi Cícero , Rolim Vitor Belarmino , Cavalcanti Anderson Pinheiro
Published: November 2018

With the growth of e-learning discussion forums have been widely used to promote interaction and collaboration between students and teachers asynchronously. Despite the benefits to the teaching and learning process the use of the forums in the e-learning can mean overload for the teachers/tutors given the large amount of information generated in the debates. Taking into consideration the importance of the teaching performance in the follow-up of the discussions and consequent help to the students of the e-learning, the teacher/tutor overload is considered a problem. Therefore, this study presents a system that integrates Natural Language Processing and Genetic Algorithm to classify postings from discussion forums such as Doubt, Neutral comment or Answer. As a way of evaluating the performance of the proposed system, experiments were conducted in three databases, with a total of 1769 posts, arriving at the average F-measures of 0.981, 0.997 and 0.988 in the classification of posts as Doubt, Neutral comment and Answer, respectively. After the experiments the results were analyzed by means of the z statistical test with a confidence interval of 95%. The results show the potential of the proposed system to identify post genres, from discussion forums, and the teacher/tutor can use it as a support to direct their efforts, for example, to students with any doubts in the current discussion.
Rhyme Time
Authors: Perkins Annie , Pettis Christy
Published: November 2018

Poems have different rhyming patterns, depending on which lines rhyme with each other. For example, a two-line poem has only two different rhyming patterns. The two lines below that rhyme with each other can be described as an AA rhyming pattern:
Uncommon Partitions: Partitioning as a Problem-Solving Activity
Authors: Izsák Andrew , Beckmann Sybilla , Kulow Torrey
Published: November 2018

This article explores teaching practices described in NCTM's Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All. Common factors, common multiples, strip diagrams, and double number lines are discussed in this, the third installment in the series.
Endangered species
Authors: Leitze Annette Ricks , Hodge Stephanie , Houser Danielle , Mathews Clint
Published: November 2018

Animals that are at risk of becoming extinct are called endangered species. They can be very large animals, like a polar bear, or very small, like a monarch butterfly. Learn about several different endangered species by engaging in these math activities.
Beyond Turn and Talk: Creating Discourse
Authors: Walter Hope A.
Published: November 2018

Meaningful dialogue supports metacognition and teaches students how to discuss, debate, and reevaluate situations in a respectful manner.
Study of the influence of surfactants on the paper properties and degradation
Authors: Liubinienė Milda , Kupčiūnaitė Justė , Beganskienė Aldona
Published: November 2018

Surfactants are one of the materials recommended for the cleaning of movable cultural properties. These substances are widespread in other fields – medicine, cosmetics, household appliance industry, etc. Quaternary ammonium compounds are particularly prevalent due to their cleansing and disinfectant properties. Initial studies have shown that surfactants, including quaternary ammonium compounds, have a positive effect on preserved/ restored cultural properties. Using relatively low concentrations of aqueous solutions of these substances, it is possible to obtain sufficiently good results to wash out from the restoration of the document or textiles dirt, acidification of the object and colour changes that cause aging and decomposition processes – hydrolysis and oxidation.
Determination of some short chain carboxylic acids in food by headspace gas chromatography
Authors: Bugelytė Birutė , Jonkutė Rima , Vičkačkaitė Vida
Published: November 2018

Headspace gas chromatographic analysis is suggested for the determination of acetic and propionic acids in aqueous media. Derivatization of the acids was accomplished by tributyl borate. The derivatization and headspace extraction were coupled into a single step. Analytical characteristics of the suggested technique at the optimized derivatization/headspace extraction conditions were determined. The technique was applied for the analysis of bakery products, ketchup, tomato paste and kefir.
Adaptación del Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida de Alumnos adolescentes (CCVA, Gómez-Vela & Verdugo, 2009) en Galicia (España)
Authors: Losada-Puente Luisa , Muñoz-Cantero Jesús Miguel , Espiñeira-Bellón Eva María
Published: November 2018

La producción y difusión de modelos e investigaciones en calidad de vida ha optado por un enfoque multidimensional. Nuestro objetivo es analizar el funcionamiento del Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida de Alumnos adolescentes (CCVA, Gómez-Vela & Verdugo, 2009) que evalúa siete dimensiones del Modelo de Calidad de Vida en la adolescencia, diseñado por los autores. Se aplica a una muestra de 2220 estudiantes (12-19 años). Se realiza un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) y un análisis correlacional entre variables latentes. Se comprueba el poder discriminativo de los ítems (IHc>.15; ID>.4) y la fiabilidad (α=0.914; rango α =0.746 y 0.928). El AFC compara el ajuste del modelo original de Gómez-Vela y Verdugo (2004, 2006). La ausencia de ajuste lleva a proponer un modelo alternativo. Dicho modelo introduce la dimensión derechos, modifica el concepto integración por el de inclusión, y unifica las dimensiones bienestar emocional y físico. Dicho modelo presenta un buen ajuste, con evidencias de fiabilidad (IFC=0.936) y validez (AVE=.640), presentando correlaciones elevadas entre autodeterminación y derechos, y bajas en el resto de casos. La evaluación de la calidad de vida es clave para analizar las necesidades de la juventud y planificar intervenciones individualizadas. Pero las diferencias entre regiones, patrones culturales y formas de vida local exigen atender a las características propias de cada grupo de evaluación.
Association of Unemployment and Informal Care with Stigma in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hategeka Celestin , Traboulsee Anthony L. , McMullen Katrina , Lynd Larry D.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) typically affects young adults during their primary productive years. We assessed the magnitude of, and factors associated with, employment status and informal care in people with MS in Canada.

Methods:

Data were compiled from the nationally representative cross-sectional Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada (SLNCC), which included adolescents and adults (age ≥15 years). Employment status was categorized as currently working or not working. The frequency of informal care that people with MS received was categorized as none, less than daily, or daily. Logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify factors associated with employment status and informal care requirements in people with MS.

Results:

Of 4409 SLNCC respondents, 631 had MS, of whom 530 were included in the analysis. Of 358 respondents aged 18 to 65 years, 47.8% were not working because of MS; 44.0% reported receiving informal care, with more than half requiring daily care. For caregivers' employment, 15.5% reduced work and 8.2% stopped working because of caregiving. Greater feelings of stigmatization were associated with not working (adjusted odds ratio, 7.42 [95% CI, 2.59–21.28]) and greater informal care (adjusted odds ratio, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.84–7.96]), adjusting for sex, age, education, health-related quality of life, time since MS diagnosis, and comorbidity.

Conclusions:

People who feel stigmatized because of their MS are more likely to be unemployed and to require more informal care. Further research is needed to understand the temporal nature of the association between stigma and employment, productivity loss, and informal care.
Effects of Treadmill Training on Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Endurance in People with Multiple Sclerosis with Significant Walking Limitations
Authors: Willingham T. Bradley , Melbourn Jonathan , Moldavskiy Marina , McCully Kevin K. , Backus Deborah
Published: November 2018

Background:

Exercise can improve muscle function and mobility in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the effects of exercise training on skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and endurance in people with MS remain unclear, and few studies have evaluated muscle plasticity in people with MS who have moderate-to-severe disability. The present study evaluated the effects of treadmill training on muscle oxidative capacity and muscle endurance and examined the relationship to walking function in people with MS who have moderate-to-severe disability.

Methods:

Six adults (mean ± SD age, 50 ± 4.9 years) with MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale score, 6.0–6.5) performed treadmill training for 24 minutes approximately twice per week for approximately 8 weeks (16 sessions total) using an antigravity treadmill system. The following measures were taken before and after the intervention phase: muscle oxidative capacity in the medial gastrocnemius using near-infrared spectroscopy after 15 to 20 seconds of electrical stimulation; muscle endurance in the medial gastrocnemius using accelerometer-based mechanomyography during 9 minutes of twitch electrical stimulation in three stages (3 minutes per stage) of increasing frequency (2, 4, and 6 Hz); and walking function using the 2-Minute Walk Test.

Results:

Mean ± SD muscle oxidative capacity increased from 0.64 ± 0.19 min−1 to 1.08 ± 0.52 min−1 (68.2%). Mean ± SD muscle endurance increased from 80.9% ± 15.2% to 91.5% ± 4.8% at 2 Hz, from 56.3% ± 20.1% to 76.6% ± 15.8% at 4 Hz, and from 29.2% ± 13.1% to 53.9% ± 19.4% at 6 Hz of stimulation in the gastrocnemius. There were no significant improvements in walking function.

Conclusions:

Treadmill training can improve muscle oxidative capacity and endurance in people with MS who have moderate-to-severe levels of disability.
Graduate of Riga Polytechnic Institute, agronomist Boris Jenken (1873–1943)
Authors: Vergunov Victor
Published: November 2018

The article is dedicated to the life and creative heritage of the graduate of the Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI; 1900) agronomist Boris Jenken (Борис Карлович Єнкен; 1873–1943). B. Jenken was an organizer, scientist, breeder, educator, historian and bibliographer of agrarian science of the Ukrainian national agriculture. The study was carried out using not well-known and recently distributed documents for use in the archives of the Russian Federation and the Ukraine, as well as monographs and publications in periodicals. The article analyses the life and activity periods of the researcher related to the organization and implementation of national agricultural trials, mainly in the field of breeding and seed growing. The emphasis was placed on B. Jenkens’ scientific and pedagogical work in Ukraine: in Kharkiv (1908–1919; 1925–1926; 1930), Odessa (1924), Maslovka (1927–1929), and Kyiv (1928–1929).
Silikātu materiālu institūts laika periodā no 2008. līdz 2018. gadam
Authors: Mežinskis Gundars , Cimmers Andris , Juhņeviča Inna
Published: November 2018

Šajā rakstā, izmantojot Latvijas uzņēmumu datu bāzi, apzināti Latvijas Republikas uzņēmumi, kuru tehnoloģisko procesu pamatā ir silikātu, augsttemperatūras materiālu un neorganisko nanomateriālu tehnoloģijas. Apkopotas un analizētas būtiskākās izmaiņas pēdējās desmitgades laikā Rīgas Tehniskās universitātes Materiālzinātnes un lietišķās ķīmijas fakultātes Silikātu, augsttemperatūras un neorganisko nanomateriālu tehnoloģijas (SANNT) katedrā un Silikātu materiālu institūtā (SMI). Sniegtas ziņas par SANNT katedrā sagatavotajiem bakalauru, maģistru darbiem un aizstāvēto promocijas darbu skaitu. Apskatītas pētnieciskā darba finansējuma un zinātnisko pētījumu tematikas izmaiņas laika periodā no 2008. līdz 2018. gadam. Definēti SMI stratēģiskie mērķi mācību un zinātniskajā darbībā nākamajiem 5 gadiem.Institute of Silicate Materials between 2008 and 2018In this article, information about Latvian companies whose technologies are based on silicate, high temperature materials and inorganic nanomaterials was gathered from a data base of commercial companies Lursoft. The most significant changes that occurred at the Department of Silicate, High Temperature and Inorganic Nanomaterials (SHTIN) and Institute of Silicate Materials (ISM) of the Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University are summarized and analysed. Information about the number of bachelor’s, master’s degree theses, and doctoral theses defended at the department of SHTIN is provided. The changes in the research funding and scientific research topics during the period from 2008 to 2018 are considered. The strategic objectives of the ISM for teaching and research work for the next 5 years are defined.Keywords – Riga Technical University, Institute of Silicate Materials, research, teaching
Augsti poraina oksīdu keramika
Authors: Švinka Visvaldis , Švinka Ruta
Published: November 2018

Silikātu materiālu institūtā kopš 2004. g. tiek veikti pētījumi par augsttemperatūras augsti porainu oksīdu keramiku, kas iegūta ar koncentrētas oksīdu pulveru suspensijas liešanas paņēmienu. Poru veidošanās notiek ķīmiskas reakcijas ceļā starp metāliska alumīnija pulveri un ūdeni bāziskā vidē, kur suspensijas pH ir 9,5–10,8. Tādā veidā netiek emitēts CO2, kas parasti notiek, iegūstot keramikas materiālus ar paaugstinātu porainību.Laikā kopš 2007. g. sintezēti materiāli un veikti pētījumi vairākās augsttemperatūras oksīdu sistēmās: cirkonija oksīdu saturošā (promocijas darbs, G. Buļa, Cirkonija oksīdu saturoša augsttemperatūras putu keramika, 2008. g.), korunda- mullīta sistēmā (promocijas darbs, L. Mahņicka-Goremikina, Sintēzes apstākļu un leģējošu piedevu ietekme uz porainas augsttemperatūras oksīdu keramikas īpašībām un struktūru, 2015. g.), alumīnija oksīda sistēmā ar dažādām piedevām (promocijas darbs, I. Zaķe-Tiļuga. Mullītu veidojošu piedevu ietekme uz porainas alumīnija oksīda keramikas īpašībām, 2015. g.; nepabeigts promocijas darbs A. Butlers, Karstumizturīga filtrējoša keramika; maģistra darbs, J. Bobrovika, Augsti poraina siltumizolējoša kordierīta keramika). Pētītie materiāli paredzēti, lai izmantotu tos kā siltumizolējošus materiālus dažādām augsttemperatūras siltuma ierīcēm un arī karstumizturīgiem filtriem.Highly Porous Oxide CeramicsInvestigations of highly porous high temperature ceramic produced by slip casting from concentrated suspensions of raw materials were carried out in the Institute of Silicate Materials since 2004. Pores form due to chemical reaction of metallic aluminium powder with water in basic medium with pH 9.5–10.8. Using this method emission of carbon oxide that usually accompanies fabrication of porous ceramics is avoided. The following investigations in high temperature oxide systems have been carried out since 2007:zirconia containing materials – promotion work by Gerda Bula “Zircon oxide containing high temperature foam ceramic”, 2008;corundum–mullite materials – promotion work by Ludmila Mahnicka- Goremikina “Influence of synthesis conditions and additives on the structure and properties of porous high temperature ceramics”, 2015;alumina materials with various additives – promotion work by Ieva Zake-Tiluga “The effect of mullite-forming additives on the properties of porous alumina ceramics”, 2015;titania containing corundum–mullite materials;cordierite ceramic materials.The goals of these investigations were to obtain of high temperature insulating materials and ceramic filters for filtration of hot and aggressive liquids. Properties of ceramics, such as dependence of thermal conductivity on the temperature and thermal shock durability, were determined.Keywords: aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, kaolin, talcum, cordierite, nanopowders, thermal insulation, thermal shock resistance.
Minerālo saistvielu pētījumi Silikātu materiālu institūtā
Authors: Sētiņa Janīna , Juhņeviča Inna , Baroniņš Jānis , Gulbe Liene
Published: November 2018

Parādīti pēdējās desmitgades pētījumi minerālo saistvielu jomā. Pētīta dažādu aktīvo ķīmisko piedevu ietekme uz betona struktūru, mehāniskajām un fizikālajām īpašībām. Novērtēta iegūto betonu korozijas izturība pret sulfātu sāļu šķīdumiem. Pētīta dažādu rūpniecisko blakus produktu – pelnu – kā pucolānu piedevas ietekme uz betona īpašībām.Investigation of Mineral Binders in the Institute of Silicate MaterialsThe influence of natural and artificial pozzolanic and micro-filler additives on the cement paste hydration process, structure, properties was studied. Different additives and chemical compositions were used: micro- and nano-silica, amorphous silicon dioxide synthesized by sol-gel method, glass powder, highly disperse sand, different types of ash. The pozzolanic activity of additives mainly depends on quantity and specific surface area, i. e., the dispersity of active SiO2 and Al2O3. Depending on the pozzolanic activity chemical additives can be used as concrete aggregates or as active additives.The influence of superplasticizer Semflow MC (SP) on microstructure and properties of concrete was investigated. The compressive strength of concrete with SP increased to 154 MPa, corresponding to HPC. The capillary absorption of water and solutions containing sulphate ions into HPC depends on amount of SP. The depth of penetration of solution in the samples decreases consistently by increasing the amount of SP. The formation of crystalline phase during maturation was analysed, and it was found that by increasing testing time the amount of portlandite decreased and calcium hydrosilicate formed. The concrete samples with low W/C ratio, pozzolanic additives and SP up to 2.5 % according mechanical and chemical properties conform to the characteristics of HPC. The investigated concrete has high chemical resistance to solutions containing sulphate ions.Keywords – binders, concrete, pozzolanic additives, ash, concrete corrosion
Effect of seasonality on chemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oil isolated from leaves Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg
Authors: de Macêdo Delmacia G. , Souza Marta Maria A. , Morais-Braga Maria Flaviana B. , Coutinho Henrique Douglas M. , dos Santos Antonia Thassya L. , da Cruz Rafael P. , da Costa José Galberto M. , Rodrigues Fábio Fernandes G. , Quintans-junior Lucindo J. , da Silva Almeida Jackson Roberto G. , de Menezes Irwin Rose A.
Published: November 2018

Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the search for components that are capable of neutralizing the multiple mechanisms of fungal resistance. Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg is a plant native to Brazil used as both food and traditional medicine to treat diseases and symptoms such as stomach ache and diarrhea, whose symptoms could be related to fungal infections from the genus Candida. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of seasonal variability on the chemical composition of the Psidium salutare essential oil, its antifungal potential and its effect on the Candida albicans morphogenesis. The essential oils were collected in three different seasonal collection periods and isolated by the hydrodistillation process in a modified Clevenger apparatus with identification of the chemical composition determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antifungal assays were performed against Candida strains through the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). Fungal growth was assessed by optical density reading and the Candida albicans dimorphic effect was evaluated by optical microscopy in microculture chambers. The chemical profile of the essential oils identified 40 substances in the different collection periods with γ-terpinene being the predominant constituent. The antifungal activity revealed an action against the C. albicans, C. krusei and C. tropicalis strains with an IC50 ranging from 345.5 to 2,754.2 µg/mL and a MFC higher than 1,024 µg/mL. When combined with essential oils at sub-inhibitory concentrations (MIC/16), fluconazole had its potentiated effect, i.e. a synergistic effect was observed in the combination of fluconazole with P.salutare oil against all Candida strains; however, for C. albicans, its effect was reinforced by the natural product in all the collection periods. The results show that the Psidium salutare oil affected the dimorphic transition capacity, significantly reducing the formation of hyphae and pseudohyphae in increasing concentrations. The results show that P. salutare oil exhibits a significant antifungal activity against three Candida species and that it can act in synergy with fluconazole. These results support the notion that this plant may have a potential use in pharmaceutical and preservative products.
An Asian Disruptive Collaboration for the “Now” Generation, Why Not?
Authors: Nugraha Paul
Published: November 2018

The present young generation in Indonesia recently use the nickname of the “now” generation, or the “now” era, which is somehow similar with the more popular term “digital natives” (Prensky, 2001). The term “now” refers to something which is totally different, and not connected to the past. When the “now” generation of students come to class, most of them do not bring any book nor any note, not even a pen! They just bring a sole but powerful device, the smartphone. In the classroom or anywhere they go, they are always busy with it. They usually do multitasking & parallel processes like chatting, texting, searching, while constantly bombarded with games, music, videos and social media. When they study or write a paper, all gadgets are turned on simultaneously: the computer to work on, stereos, television, and off-course the smartphone to keep getting connected. All the gadgets are in function at once.
miR‐342‐3p promotes osteogenic differentiation via targeting ATF3
Authors: Han Yawei , Zhang Kun , Hong Yuheng , Wang Jingzhao , Liu Qi , Zhang Zhen , Xia Han , Tang Yutao , Li Tengshuai , Li Liandong , Xue Yuan , Hong Wei
Published: November 2018

Through their multiple targets, microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. In this study, miR‐342‐3p was found to be deregulated with ossification of ligament or osteoporosis. We demonstrate that silencing miR‐342‐3p impairs osteoblast activity and matrix mineralization, while over expression of miR‐342‐3p promotes osteoblast differentiation significantly. Moreover, miR‐342‐3p directly targets activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), which inhibits transcription of pro‐osteogenic differentiation‐associated genes. In addition, there exists a higher frequency of methylation at the CpG island of the Enah/Vasp‐Like (EVL) locus in undifferentiated pre‐osteoblasts; however, demethylation of the EVL CpG island induces over expression of miR‐342‐3p during osteogenic differentiation. This study suggests that miR‐342‐3p may serves as a potential marker for diagnosis and treatment of ossification of ligament and osteoporosis.
Area postrema syndrome as frequent feature of Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis
Authors: Zeiner Pia S. , Brandhofe Annemarie , Müller‐Eschner Monika , Steinmetz Helmuth , Pfeilschifter Waltraud
Published: November 2018

Objective

Area postrema (AP) syndrome (defined as: nausea and/or emesis and/or singultus at onset of brainstem dysfunction) comprises complex pathophysiologic mechanisms triggered by different entities. The first objective was to assess the frequency of AP syndrome as a clinical feature in brainstem encephalitis (BE). Finding an especially high prevalence of AP syndrome in Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE), we also analyzed the frequency of AP syndrome in other autoimmune diseases with anti‐ganglioside antibodies (Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variants).

Methods

We systematically evaluated the prevalence of AP syndrome in BE in all patients treated at our university hospital during a 15‐year period. In a second step, BBE patients were compared to GBS and Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) patients as clinical subtypes of a disease continuum without brainstem dysfunction.

Results

We found AP syndrome in 8 of 21 BE patients, including 3 of 7 BBE and in 4 of 112 GBS/MFS patients. AP syndrome was as a frequent but under‐recognized feature of BE with a significant impact on patients’ well being.

Interpretation

Manifestation of AP syndrome in BBE but also in GBS and its subtypes point toward a role of autoimmune antibodies that should be investigated in future studies. Considerable misdiagnosis or nonrecognition complicates diagnostic and therapeutic management. Therefore, AP syndrome should be considered in any episode of otherwise unexplained nausea, emesis, or singultus.
Constructing Critically Prefabricated Systems with Soul
Authors: Zhu Jingxiang
Published: November 2018

Prefabrication is an obvious solution for the building needs of remote, economically deprived or disaster‐stricken regions. But must it mean soulless standardisation? Certainly not – as the AIIA (Architecture Integration and Innovation Association) team at the Chinese University of Hong Kong has demonstrated. The team's leader, architect and associate professor Jingxiang Zhu, explains how they have developed flexible, easy‐to‐erect prefabricated systems that can adapt successfully to different settings and programmes, providing spaces that are not only functional, comfortable and resilient but also stimulating and even playful.
Everyday Change and the Unrecognisable System
Authors: Hua Xiahong , Zhuang Shen
Published: November 2018

Shanghai's Atelier Archmixing like to challenge the standard notion of architectural legibility. By taking a pragmatically neutral view of the existing urban environment, they are freed to exploit urban complexity in surprising ways that solve real problems. The firm's Academic Advisor Xiahong Hua and cofounder Shen Zhuang present their vision, working method and recent projects.
Three Main Drivers of Sustainable Design: A New Architectural Vernacular for China
Authors: Song Yehao
Published: November 2018

SUP Atelier is a practice that experiments with advanced sustainable design. Their projects are notable for how they integrate local materials and traditional craftsmanship into total environmental solutions. The office's architect in chief Yehao Song, who also directs the Institute for Architecture and Technology at Beijing's Tsinghua University, presents some of their recent work, focusing around the three essential aims that drive their approach.
Architecture as Synthetic Agency: Narrative‐Augmented Design in Practice
Authors: Lu Andong
Published: November 2018

LanD Studio is a Nanjing‐based think‐tank for place‐making that carries out design research in real conditions. Guest‐Editor Andong Lu, who co‐founded the studio with fellow former Cambridge University researcher and Guest‐Editor Pingping Dou, introduces its form of working through recent installations and interventions that embrace architectural renovation, exhibitions, participatory performance and mass‐media activities. Architecture here becomes a meaningful experience that connects people to each other and to their environment.
Alternative Modernity, Rural Rediscovery and What Next: The Ongoing Debate on the Modern in China
Authors: Zhang Li
Published: November 2018

While modernity in the West is seen as essentially related to urbanisation, in China it has long been recognised that cities are not the sole location for cultural and technological innovation. After summarising the philosophical factors that led to this more nuanced state of affairs, Li Zhang, Professor of Architecture and Associate Dean of the School of Architecture at Tsinghua University and leader of Beijing design office TeamMinus, identifies three modes of modernity that have coexisted in China over the last three decades – one of which is exclusively rural.
Research Priorities for Physician Wellness in Academic Emergency Medicine: Consensus from the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine Wellness Committee
Authors: Chung Arlene S. , Wong Matthew L. , Sanchez Leon D. , Lu Dave W. , Manfredi Rita A. , Mishkin Hannah , Heron Sheryl , Blomkalns Andra L.
Published: November 2018

Background

Physicians and trainees in academic health care settings face unique challenges to maintaining and enhancing their well‐being compared to their community practice counterparts.

Objective

Our objective was to develop a research agenda focused on well‐being, resilience, and career longevity issues specific to practicing emergency medicine in an academic setting.

Methods

We convened an expert group of academic emergency physicians prior to the 2018 annual meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine to determine a set of uniformly accepted research priorities in the field by consensus.

Results

Three themes emerged as components of a comprehensive research agenda: 1) origins and natural history of burnout, resilience, well‐being and other related concepts; 2) influence of early training and the learning environment; and 3) impact of burnout, attrition, and lack of organizational or system support for wellness on operations.

Conclusion

We believe that this agenda will inform future research and effective interventions to support physician and trainee well‐being.
Optimizing swirl in compact uniflow cyclones
Authors: Pillei Martin , Kofler Tobias , Wierschem Andreas , Kraxner Michael
Published: November 2018

This paper presents an experimental examination of the velocity field distribution in the separation chamber of a uniflow cyclone with closed particle outlet to evaluate the swirl characteristics in the vortex finder region based on stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. A cold flow model with a closed particle outlet was used to assess different angles of attack and core size ratios at typical Reynolds numbers for the separation of low loaded gas‐solid flows. The focus of the study was on the relationship between swirl strength as well as performance data. At higher angles, the parabolic swirl strength distribution changed to a region with constant high acceleration of the particles in the separation zone. Integral and differential swirl numbers were correlated with the ratio of tangential to radial velocity and to the calculated cut size diameter. At low angles of attack, implying a strong redirection of flow perpendicular toward the main flow direction and small core size ratios, defined by the radial distance between hub and tip, the local differential swirl number can be more than twice as large as in the base configuration. Yet, the integral swirl number hardly changed. The velocity fields showed mean tangential to radial velocity ratios ranging from 0.73 to 6.85 at swirl vane angles of 15
°–60
°; core size ratios between 0.125 and 0.625 at vortex finder diameter were measured and calculated cut size diameters between 10 and 90 μm were derived. This data provides the foundation for further validation studies and the development of new design criteria. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 766–776, 2019
Tetraamminezinc complex integrated interpenetrating polymer network nanocomposite membrane for phosphorous recovery
Authors: Soyekwo Faizal , Zhang Qiugen , Qu Yan , Lin Zhen , Wu Xiaodong , Zhu Aimei , Liu Qinglin
Published: November 2018

Phosphorous recovery from wastewater by nanofiltration (NF) is a feasible and sustainable approach, but challenges still exist in the development of highly efficient membranes for the selective permeation of phosphorus. Herein an interpenetrating network (IPN) of crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is integrated with Zn2+ moieties through coordination with the amino groups of crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) and deposited on borate crosslinked polydopamine‐grafted carbon nanotubes (B‐PDA‐CNT) intermediate layer incorporated into the microfiltration substrate to form the composite membrane. The positively charged membrane in acidic conditions affords good rejection (>85%) of heavy metals ions including Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+. Meanwhile, a low phosphorus rejection of <15% is realized with the application of a relatively low transmembrane pressure. This presupposes that the developed approach achieves selective removal of heavy metals from a phosphate solution and is attractive for low pressure recovery of phosphorus. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 755–765, 2019
Synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrazine 1,3‐Dioxides Annulated with 1,3 a,4,6 a‐Tetraazapentalene Systems
Authors: Konnov Alexey A. , Klenov Michael S. , Churakov Aleksandr M. , Strelenko Yurii A. , Dmitrienko Artem O. , Puntus Lada N. , A. Lyssenko Konstantin , Tartakovsky Vladimir A.
Published: November 2018

A synthetic approach to 5,11‐dehydro‐5H,11H‐[1,2,3,4]tetrazino[5′,6′:4,5][1,2,3]triazolo[2,1‐a][1,2,3]benzotriazole 1,3‐dioxide (5) and 5,11‐dehydro‐5H,11H‐[1,2,3,4]tetrazino‐[5′,6′:4,5][1,2,3]triazolo[2,1‐a][1,2,3]benzotriazole 2,4‐dioxide (6) was developed. These ring systems are the first in which a 1,2,3,4‐tetrazine 1,3‐dioxide ring is directly fused with 1,3a,4,6a‐tetraazapentalene moiety. The synthesis started from (tert‐butyl‐NNO‐azoxy)acetonitrile (7) and involved the closure of the 1,2,3,4‐tetrazine 1,3‐dioxide ring first and then formation of the tetraazapentalene ring. The derivatives of ring systems 5 and 6 nitrated at the benzene ring were also obtained. The structures of the compounds synthesized have been confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction studies.
Listen to your patient: A fiddler's tale
Authors: Araújo Rui , Bloem Bastiaan R.
Published: November 2018

A professional violinist reported increasing difficulties playing the violin. He executed the initial half of the musical piece well, but produced an increasing number of mistakes during the second half. Neurological examination was remarkable for bradykinesia and tremor. Formal acoustic analysis of finger taps and pronation‐supination showed a decrement in sound intensity and number of taps over time. Oscillations in performance correlated with a parkinsonian tremor. We interpret these findings as the audible equivalent of bradykinesia and tremor. Listening to bradykinesia and quantifying its decrement using acoustic analysis may offer a simple, objective, and reliable supplement to the neurological examination. Ann Neurol 2018;84:931–933.
Genome‐wide meta‐analysis identifies 3 novel loci associated with stroke
Authors: Malik Rainer , Rannikmäe Kristiina , Traylor Matthew , Georgakis Marios K. , Sargurupremraj Muralidharan , Markus Hugh S. , Hopewell Jemma C. , Debette Stephanie , Sudlow Cathie L. M. , Dichgans Martin ,   for the MEGASTROKE consortium and the International Stroke Genetics Consortium
Published: November 2018

We conducted a European‐only and transancestral genome‐wide association meta‐analysis in 72,147 stroke patients and 823,869 controls using data from UK Biobank (UKB) and the MEGASTROKE consortium. We identified an exonic polymorphism in NOS3 (rs1799983, p.Glu298Asp; p = 2.2E‐8, odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.07) and variants in an intron of COL4A1 (rs9521634; p = 3.8E‐8, OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03–1.06) and near DYRK1A (rs720470; p = 6.1E‐9, OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03–1.07) at genome‐wide significance for stroke. Effect sizes of known stroke loci were highly correlated between UKB and MEGASTROKE. Using Mendelian randomization, we further show that genetic variation in the nitric oxide synthase–nitric oxide pathway in part affects stroke risk via variation in blood pressure. Ann Neurol 2018;84:934–939