bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Chromatic Point-spread Function of Weak Lensing Measurement in the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope
Authors: Liu Quanyu , Er Xinzhong , Wei Chengliang , Liu Dezi , Li Guoliang , Fan Zuhui , Li Xiaobo , Ban Zhang , Yue Dan
Published: May 2023

Weak gravitational lensing is a powerful tool in modern cosmology. To accurately measure the weak lensing signal, one has to control the systematic bias on a small level. One of the most difficult problems is how to correct the smearing effect of the Point-Spread Function (PSF) on the shape of the galaxies. The chromaticity of PSF for a broad-band observation can lead to new subtle effects. Since the PSF is wavelength-dependent and the spectrum energy distributions between stars and galaxies are different, the effective PSF measured from the star images will be different from those that smear the galaxies. Such a bias is called color bias. We estimate it in the optical bands of the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope from simulated PSFs, and show the dependence on the color and redshift of the galaxies. Moreover, due to the spatial variation of spectra over the galaxy image, another higher-order bias exists: color gradient bias. Our results show that both color bias and color gradient bias are generally below 0.1% in CSST. Only for small-size galaxies, one needs to be careful about the color gradient bias in the weak lensing analysis using CSST data.
Asteroseismology of 16 Kepler Solar-like Stars: Stellar Parameters and the Effects of Element Diffusion
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhang Qian-Sheng
Published: May 2023

Element diffusion has small but significant effects on the structure of the stellar interior. It is interesting to investigate the effects of element diffusion using asteroseismology. We have constructed two grids of stellar models, one with diffusion and one without, for solar-like stars with masses between 0.9 and 1.4 solar masses, and varied initial helium abundance and metallicity. The oscillation frequencies of all stellar models have also been calculated. Piecewise Hermite cubic polynomials are adopted to interpolate stellar p-mode frequencies at an arbitrary age on a stellar evolutionary track. We have investigated 16 Kepler solar-like stars by comparing the model frequencies with observations. The suggested ranges of stellar parameters and some global variables are obtained. For all stars, the best model reproduces the observational frequencies with a χ
2 of the order of unity. It has been found that element diffusion is important in modeling solar-like stars. Without diffusion, the best value of the initial helium abundance is below the primordial helium abundance from Big Bang nucleosynthesis. When diffusion is taken into account, the required initial helium abundance increases to be higher than the primordial abundance. Diffusion also generally improves the frequency fitting results by reducing the minimum of χ
2. Investigation of the second difference of the oscillation frequencies on KIC 8694723 and KIC 10454113 indicates that the current model of element diffusion may underestimate the strength of settling.
Possible Detection of a Flare-associated Coronal Mass Ejection on an M-dwarf
Authors: Wang J.
Published: May 2023

We here report a probable detection of a stellar coronal mass ejection (CME) in active M dwarf KIC 8093473 by performing an analysis on its time resolved X-ray spectra observed by the XMM-Newton satellite. Compared to the value at the quiescent state and the interstellar one, our spectral modeling returns a marginal (and probably evolving) excess of hydrogen column density in the flare state at a significance level of 1σ, which can be understood by an additional absorption due to a flare-associate CME. The CME mass is then estimated to be ∼7 × 1018–2 × 1020 g according to the ice cream cone model.
A Catalog of Collected Debris Disks: Properties, Classifications and Correlations between Disks and Stars/Planets
Authors: Cao Peng-Cheng , Liu Qiong , Liao Neng-Hui , Yang Qian-Cheng , Huang Dong
Published: May 2023

We have collected a catalog of 1095 debris disks with properties and classification (resolved, planet, gas) information. From the catalog, we defined a less biased sample with 612 objects and presented the distributions of their stellar and disk properties to search for correlations between disks and stars. We found debris disks were widely distributed from B to M-type stars while planets were mostly found around solar-type stars, gases were easier to detect around early-type stars and resolved disks were mostly distributed from A to G-type stars. The fractional luminosity dropped off with stellar age and planets were mostly found around old stars while gas-detected disks were much younger. The dust temperature of both one-belt systems and cold components in two-belt systems increased with distance while decreasing with stellar age. In addition, we defined a less biased planet sample with 211 stars with debris disks but no planets and 35 stars with debris disks and planets and found the stars with debris disks and planets had higher metallicities than stars with debris disks but no planets. Among the 35 stars with debris disks and planets, we found the stars with disks and cool Jupiters were widely distributed with age from 10 Myr to 10 Gyr and metallicity from −1.56 to 0.28 while the other three groups tended to be old (>4Gyr) and metal-rich (>−0.3). In addition, the eccentricities of cool Jupiters are distributed from 0 to 0.932, wider than the other three types of planets (<0.3).
CNC drilling and comparative investigation on machinability of novel epoxy composite
Authors: Suneel Kumar M , Satish Kumar D
Published: May 2023

To investigate the rate of material removal (MRR) of CNC machined (drilling) epoxy based novel hybrid composite included with synthetic glass, natural banana fibers and carbon particles. The samples of both the groups under investigation were made by conventional hand-lay technique. Samples were prepared as per standards and machining (drilling) is performed using a vertical milling CNC machine. The rate of material removal of the samples was investigated and compared between the groups by doing 9 experiments per group and also repeated once, and accordingly 18 experiments per group. Independent t tests were performed using SPSS statistical software tool for investigating the rate of material removal. The observations made on results, Group-1 comprising plain epoxy (PE) displays an average of 4.38 mm3/sec, while Group-2 encompassing of carbon particles (Cp) (5 wt.%)/Banana fiber (BF) (5 wt.%)/glass fiber (GF) (15 wt. %)/epoxy (75 wt. %) showed an average of 5.54 mm3/sec. The statistical analysis of the T-test reveals that there is a significant (P0.05) variation of MRR amid Group-1 and Group-2. This finding is based on the fact that there is a change in the mean variance of MRR. It is clearly understood that the inclusion of BF and Cp along with GF have significant influence on the improvement in MRR.
Compression strength analysis of glass fibre polymer composites filled with brown algae powder compared to glass fibre reinforced polymer composite
Authors: Nikhil Chakravarthi K , Madhu S.
Published: May 2023

The current investigation intends to compare the compression strength analysis of glass fiber composites filled with brown algae filler. The material involved in this work is a glass fibre composite filled with and without brown algae filler. 40 specimens were tested by using selected parameters using the universal testing machine. In this work, the control group was a glass fiber epoxy composite and the experimental group was a brown algae-filled glass fiber-reinforced polymer. The mean compressive strength obtained for the brown algae-filled glass fibre reinforced polymer is, whereas it is for the Glass fibre reinforced polymer with the significant value is 0.018 (p<0.05). Within the scope of this investigation, experimental data reveals that strength in compression is high when the glass fiber-reinforced composite is filled with brown algae powder.
A comparative study on graft copolymerization of MMA onto wood fiber under microwave and conventional heating
Authors: Ko R V K , Soon K H , Siddique B M , Jayamani E , Lee X Y , Palanisamy S
Published: May 2023

Wood polymer composites (WPC) are gaining popularity and widespread usage due to an increased awareness of human population towards the importance of environmental effects and green eco-friendly materials. Mechanical properties of WPC could be improved through graft copolymerization of monomer onto wood fiber to improve interfacial bonding. In this study, a comparison of free radical graft copolymerization using microwave-assisted and conventional heating method was performed. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer is used in graft copolymerization of Meranti wood using a free radical initiator system consisting of ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide. Grafting reaction time was varied while other graft parameters were kept constant including monomer concentration, initiator molar ratio, reaction temperature and solvent volume. Maximum graft yield of 11.75% and 10.17% were obtained for water bath heated and microwave-assisted method respectively. The presence of grafted monomer was proven by FTIR spectra analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis performed on grafted wood fibers showed improved thermal resistance compared to ungrafted wood fiber.
Effect of binary and ternary blending of cement on properties of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Nayak M , Shukla A , Vaishnav S K
Published: May 2023

Escalating the growth of industrialization and urbanization in the world demands the development of advanced infrastructure which in turn required a higher quality of raw materials. As cement is one of the major raw materials in concrete construction its demand for rising with the development of society. But the increased production of cement produces lots of environmental problems. So, there is a high requirement for a sustainable alternative of cement that have similar cementitious properties as cement. To address this problem experimental study is designed to use the binary blending of cement with rice husk ash (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) as a replacement for cement. The study is further extended to analyse the effect of ternary blending of cement using further (5%, 10% and 15%) replacement of cement by sugarcane bagasse in optimum binary blended combination. Also, 25% of recycled fine aggregate is used in experiment as fine aggregate replacement throughout the mixes to achieve sustainability. Workability, compressive strength and flexural strength test were performed on concrete sample. The result of the study reveals that the workability of concrete mixes decreases with increases in the percentage of replacement both in binary and ternary mixes. In binary blending optimum strength is achieved at 15% replacement of cement with rice husk ash whereas in ternary blending 10% replacement by sugarcane bagasse ash with 15% rice hush ash was found optimum. Further, concrete shows 17.7% increase in compressive strength and 16% increase in flexural strength under the permissible value of workability. Study concluded that binary blending improve strength property and ternary blending further improve strength of concrete resulting in sustainability in construction.
Prediction of mechanical strength of magnesium alloy AZ31 with calcium addition using a neural network based model
Authors: Thamarai Selvan A. , Palani S.
Published: May 2023

The aim of the research is to develop a neural network model to predict the mechanical strength of AZ31 magnesium alloy in addition with Calcium. This would help researchers or academicians to fabricate the magnesium alloy AZ31+x wt. % Ca which finds more importance in making biodegradable implants in orthopedic surgery. As the yield strength of human bone lies between 104.9 – 114.3 MPa whereas for pure Mg it is very lesser, it is needed to make alloys suitable for biomedical applications which are to be satisfied with their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. An artificial neural network-based model is used to predict the mechanical properties of Mg alloys AZ31+x wt. % Ca with compositions of Al, Zn, Mn and Ca as countable parts with various proportions. The compositions and properties of twenty different as cast alloys were used for training and prediction of the desired mechanical properties using Artificial Neural Network and the outputs are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm serves better in prediction of mechanical properties of Mg alloys AZ31 and AZ31+1 wt. % Ca. Also the results were found significant at 90%, 95% and 99% confidence limits.
Slake durability index (SDI) of weathered Deccan trap basalt
Authors: Shrivastava Gunjan , Jain Gaurav , Namdev Vidur
Published: May 2023

The slake-durability test is considered to be a basic method for determining the degree to which a rock is susceptible to the effects of the weather. The results of this experiment shed light on the processes that take place when rocks are exposed to the elements at varying depths or even on the surface of the earth. During the slake-durability tests, Franklin and Chandra said that ion exchange and capillary tension are applied to the mechanisms. A total of ten rock samples gathered from a variety of locations were subjected to slake durability testing in order to ascertain the degree to which the Deccan trap basalt is susceptible to the elements in the vicinity of Indore (Madhya Pradesh). It is possible that the dry operation will only take forty-five minutes to complete for some basalt rocks, namely the surface region of the basalt samples.
Experimental study of corrosion inhibition of RCC element using glass FRP mats
Authors: Namdev Vidur , Jain Gaurav
Published: May 2023

The corrosion of steel reinforced bars has been the main cause of affecting the strength of structural elements. An investigation on corrosion inducement at large scale on reinforced concrete beams by impressed current technique and their strengthening using Glass Fibre Reinforced polymer sheets. 5 Beams (1 uncovered + 4 covered with GFRP mats having different patterns) have been provided an accelerated environment to corrode, then tested to structural failure. The accelerated corrosion has been performed by dipping the beam into 5% NaCl solution upto half depth so as to target only the bottom rebar. The cathode has been fixed in the tub along with the beam as anode. An external power supply has been provided to supply a constant voltage of 15 V. One beam of each pattern and one controlled beam have been subjected to accelerated corrosion regime. After 150 hours of accelerated corrosion the beams have been subjected to Rebound hammer and Ultrasonic pulse velocity test i.e. non-destructive testing. After this beams have been subjected to Destructive testing like centre-point load flexure test. The decrease in area of steel reinforcement has been calculated using Faraday’s Law. Since the presence of Chloride ions in de-icing salts is the major cause the breakdown of the passive layer which is responsible to initiate corrosion. It only takes place if chlorides, oxygen and moisture are present in sufficient quantities at the level of reinforcing steel. Glass Fibre Reinforced polymer sheets have been sheathed around beams to protect and strengthen them from the loss of shear strength and confinement due to the corrosion of stirrups. Glass FRP’s are unaffected by electrochemical and electromechanical degradation. GFRP’s have corrosive inertia for aggressive corrosive effects of acids, alkalis, salts and similar aggregates under a wide range of temperatures. GFRP’s can be applied on the surface of concrete with the little apprehension of environmental degradation. Moreover, the FRP wraps provide a protective layer that may resist further corrosion of steel.
A Study on TiO2-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings for corrosion protection of 304LN stainless steel
Authors: Kripa Suvarna M
Published: May 2023

Nano composite coatings are used to modify the substrate properties for a better life of the structures exposed to saline environments. Using a method known as spin coating, the authors of this study coated 304LN stainless steel with a mixture of TiO2 and CeO2 nano particles. The ratio of TiO2 to CeO2 in the coatings was 1:5:10:20 by weight percent. Stainless steel 304 was used as a substrate for the deposition of coatings since it is reasonably affordable. The effect that 3.5 weight percent NaCl solution had on the wett ability of the coating and its resistance to corrosion was investigated. The end effect is improved corrosion resistance in line with the rising coating weight percentage. After being exposed to the solution for 600 hours, the corrosion was significantly decreased. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to investigate the deposits (EDS). The nano composites’ inherent physical features ensure their continued presence on the surface. The ratio of surface area to volume is satisfactory. According to the contact angle, the amount of water that is spreading out is extremely little. The photo produced cathodic protection feature of the TiO2-CeO2 coating is shown by the results of spin coating methods applied on 304LN stainless steel that was previously coated with TiO2-CeO2. After being subjected to the corrosion test, the coating made of 10% TiO2-CeO2 exhibited no signs of pitting or pinholes. The structural equation modeling (SEM) studies backed this conclusion. When it comes to the resistance to corrosion, the results produced by the contact angle are better. As a consequence of this finding, it was concluded that the coating could withstand the NaCl attack.
Development of high-performance concrete using ultrafine flyash
Authors: Jaiswal A K , Agrawal R , Trivedi M K
Published: May 2023

Increasing urbanization and industrialization demands advanced infrastructure over the existing structure, especially in a developing country (like India) where the population is very large and keeps on increasing. To deal with this complex situation there is an essential need for structures that have higher strength along with sustainability in design. The current project deals with the development of high performance concrete using ultrafine flyash. The project aims to develop high strength concrete of M-60 grade with binary blending of cement with ultrafine flyash and ternary blending of cement with ultrafine flyash and silica fume to produce precast concrete of M-50 grade. Further, the desirable percentage of ultrafine flyash in the development of high-strength concrete of M-60 grade and desirable percentages of both ultrafine flyash and silica fume in precast concrete of M-50 grade was found out to achieve the desired target strength according to the Indian standard criteria. Workability and compressive strength tests were performed on all the mixes. Results reveal that 5% replacement of cement by ultrafine flyash is the most desirable amount which can satisfy the criteria according to various Indian standard codes. Further, other strengths and durability tests were performed on desired concrete. The results show that desired concrete satisfies all the criteria and used in the development of the metro structure.
A comparison of the drilling material removal rate of plain GFRP and novel GFRP blended with banana fiber composite
Authors: Mohammed Adnan Shariff A , Anbuchezhiyan G
Published: May 2023

The current study aims to investigate the Material Removal Rate (MRR) of a glass fibre reinforced polymer composite with and without natural fillers (novel Grass powder, Banana fibre). The composites were made using the hand layup method. We employed three sets of nine specimens of the three different composites each to measure the MRR in CNC drilling process. Drill diameter, feed rate, and spindle speed were all controlled variables. Using the SPSS tool to analyse the results, a significant value of 0.025 (P0.05) was discovered. The material removal rates of samples with and without fillers were examined and contrasted based on the test results. Compared to regular GFRP, banana fibre has improved drilling properties. Blended banana fibre GFRP. Comparing banana fibre mixed GFRP to plain GFRP and new Grass powder blended GFRP, drilling properties of the former have been found to be greater.
An analysis on CNC machined surface roughness between AA7475 and AA7475/fly ash composite
Authors: Yahul Mohammed , Saravanan R
Published: May 2023

The present investigation is the influence of limited reinforcement of fly ash (5 wt%) effects on surface roughness. In this regard, the fly Ash reinforced aluminium alloy (AA7475) composite was prepared and machined and measured the surface roughness to compared to aluminium alloy (AA7475). The sample size is 32 (16 for each tool) with 95% CI pre-test power 80% was used. The surface grinding operation is used to remove surface abnormalities. These pieces are machined in specific contour milling and are performed with different tools. Machined specimens are tested using a profilometer for calculating surface roughness and it was performed according to ASTM D3039 standards. The findings suggested that the plain aluminium alloy (AA7475) had a surface roughness of 0.51 mm and the composite aluminium alloy (AA7475) reinforced with 5 wt% fly ash had a surface roughness of 0.38 mm. The statistical value analysis yielded a significance value of 0.034 (p>0.05), indicating that there was substantial variation across the groups. In this research investigation, it was found that the surface roughness of a composite made of a 5 wt% fly ash augmented aluminium alloy (AA7475) was 32.27% lower than that of a plain aluminium alloy.
DI-diesel engine fueled with orange peel calophylluminophyllum seed blended biodiesel
Authors: Balaji N , Shenbagaraman S , Ranjith S
Published: May 2023

Engines that run on diesel fuel are very important to the functioning of contemporary society. At the same time, they are a significant contributor to the pollution of the atmosphere. Because both the comfort of the atmosphere and the inter-related, we are unable to cut down on the usage of diesel at this time. This is a very precarious scenario. The number of vehicles that run on diesel continues to grow on a daily basis. We have no choice but to switch to alternate fuels such as biodiesel if we want to prevent this problem. In the current experiment, orange peel oil was combined with diesel in two distinct proportions: 20% orange oil and 80% diesel, and 40% orange oil and 60% diesel. The purpose of this was to compare the two different combinations. According to the findings, the mixture consisting of 40% orange oil and 60% diesel is the most effective one. Then, Calophyllum inophyllum oil was further added using a transesterification process mixed with potassium hydroxide, isopropyl alcohol, pH indicator, and methanol. Then, different cases were tested: (40% orange oil + 20% Calophyllum inophyllum + 60% diesel), (40% orange oil + 40% Calophyllum inophyllum + 20% diesel) and (100% diesel). The tests show that the break thermal efficiency of O40+C20+D40 and O40+C40+D20 is 4.36 % and 4.76 % which is almost similar. O40+C40+D20 increase the NOx emissions slightly, but it decreases the emissions of HC, CO, CO2, and smoke compared to O40+C20+D40. So, O40+C40+D20 is the best alternative fuel for diesel engines.
Experimental investigation of mini supersonic wind tunnel for flow visualization
Authors: Patwa Harsh , Gandhi Palakshi , Maharajan Srishti , Vishnu Kumar G C
Published: May 2023

The present study proposes to design, fabricate and investigate a miniature supersonic wind tunnel at an affordable cost, safe to operate, and reliable for education purposes. The configuration consists of a high pressure reservoir, and mini tunnel which will be used for providing the supersonic flow over aerodynamic models. To design the mini supersonic wind tunnel, the method of characteristics is used to ensure that any shocks that arise in contact with the surface do not impact the uniformity and velocity of the flow through the duct. To achieve the supersonic flow, the nozzle contour of the supersonic portion of the wind tunnel is built in such a way that the shocks nullify each other and have zero effect on the velocity of the flow. For compressible flow visualization, an affordable Schlieren setup consisting of a torch, mirrors, and a mobile camera is used for flow visualization. Finally, the visualization results of the present study is in good relation with the theoretical calculations. The present facility is also calibrated by measuring the oblique shock angle in the test section, in the range of Mach number 1.6 to 1.8.
A comprehensive literature review on the recent advances in braking systems technology using FEA
Authors: Usmani D , Mohan R , Mewada C S , Goga G
Published: May 2023

“An object remains in its state of rest or in motion until and unless acted upon by an external force” Newton’s first law of motion, Braking systems were made possible by this rule of Sir Isaac Newton, which states that the greater the vehicle’s speed, the greater the brake force needed to slow it down. This idea spawned several studies in the subject of braking, leading to its development, which in turn has given us the luxury of picking the most effective braking system for any given situation. This research analyses the thermomechanical behaviour of dry disc-to-pad contact during braking using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Air ventilation and friction will be increased by modulating the design for disc heating issue due to long life of brake disc. The modeling of transient disc brake temperature is used to determine the disc’s geometric design for vehicle ventilation. The thermal-structural analysis is coupled to calculate disc deformation, Von Mises stress, as well as pad contact temperature distribution. The findings match the specialist literature.
Design and development of renewable electric vehicle
Authors: Senthilkumar R , Rajamanickam A , Rositha V , Ahamed Meeran K , Nithishkumar P
Published: May 2023

Electric cars play an important part in the area of renewable energy, both in India and internationally. This is because they help reduce the use of fossil fuels, prevent air pollution, which is very hazardous for human beings, and lower the cost of the vehicle’s purchase upfront. The technique that is being presented is intended to supplant the utilization of non-renewable fuel that is now used in our day-to-day lives. The primary objective of this proposal is to develop a novel concept for a solar-powered three-wheeled vehicle that will solve and address issues relating to environmental pollution and the scarcity of fuel, as well as to monitor a variety of parameters that will result in an increase in the driver’s level of safety. In light of this, various governments as well as other private sectors have expressed an interest in making financial investments in the automotive and automobile industry, in particular in the realm of renewable electric vehicles (REVs) and the most recent advancements in the field of renewable energy sources. In this article, we take a look at a few different systems that are already in use and present an outline of a solar-powered three-wheeler vehicle that integrates a number of different safety measures.
Performance study of visible light communication through non-orthogonal multiple access (noma) – LI-FI
Authors: Bindhu M , Praveen Kumar S , Anitha K , Hemanth Chowdary M , Sai Narravula Prem , Pavan Muppala , Raju Kumar
Published: May 2023

Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a new wireless communication technology that is comparable to Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi). However, Li-Fi is supposed to be better than Wi-Fi, and this has been theoretically verified. Li-Fi is also thought to make a significant contribution to wireless networks. The practical application of Li-Fi will be discussed in this study. In this paper we chose NOMA because of its ability and efficiency in simultaneously transporting data, as well as its application in 5G cellular networks. VLC stands for visible light communication, as the name implies. In this section, we will investigate how the data transporting capabilities of Li-Fi make use of the visible light emitted by light emitting diodes (LEDs). In this paper, the effectiveness of a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) protocol used in a downlink visible light communication (VLC) system is evaluated for two distinct situations. On a two-user paired NOMA, we create an analytical expression of the system coverage probability for QoS provisioning and show that optimum power allocation coefficients do exist. Additionally, we establish the existence of optimal power allocation coefficients. Last but not least, the numerical and analytical results illustrated in our work show that the VLC single-cell system throughput obtained with our technique is better than that obtained with the earlier strategy. Additionally, it is shown that the suggested alternative lower bound fits the original NOMA-VLC GRPA objective asymptotically using indoor VLC channels.
Innovative method of broad banding a helical-TWT
Authors: Varshney Amit Kumar , Basu Baidyanath
Published: May 2023

A new method of broad banding a helix TWT is suggested in which, instead of shaping the dispersion characteristics of helical structure by using tapered geometry dielectric helix-support rods, a two-stage dielectric loading is provided by severing the structure in two sections each with a conventional helix supports here typically of wedge cross section. One of the sections was heavily dielectric loaded compared to the other section so that two gain peaks on the frequency scale occur in the former section unlike in latter in which a single gain peak occurs. The structure parameters of the two sections and the beam parameters were so adjusted that the gain peak of lightly loaded section falls between the two gain peaks of the heavily loaded section resulting in ultra-wide bandwidths of the proposed two-stage device. In addition to the well-known Pierce’s gain formula, the basic sheath-helix model of the structure was used in the process of developing this method. Research has been done to investigate whether or not a positive stage speed tightening might help to enhance the display of a broadband helix voyaging wave tube.
A survey on artificial neural network based energy-efficient and robust routing scheme for pollution monitoring in WSNs
Authors: Vidhya S , Poovizhi S S
Published: May 2023

Despite the significant limits put on the resources of the sensor nodes, such as storage, processing power, communication range, and energy, the spectrum of applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is expanding. This is the case even though WSNs have severe limitations. The primary goals of a WSN are to reduce the amount of energy used and the amount of time it takes to transmit data to the sink node. When a significant number of nodes are being installed, as is the situation with monitoring industrial pollutants, this becomes an extremely important point of discussion. We present an energy-efficient and resilient routing method for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) dubbed ELDC that is based on artificial neural networks. In this method, the network is trained on a massive data set that encompasses the vast majority of possible situations. This helps the network become more dependable and responsive to its surroundings. In addition to this, it makes use of a technique that is based on groups, with the understanding that the sizes of the groups might vary. This helps to extend the life of the network as a whole. An artificial neural network enables intelligent, efficient, and robust group organization by providing efficient threshold values for the selection of a group’s chief node and a cluster head based on the back propagation technique. These threshold values are provided by an artificial neural network. As a result, the method that we have suggested is very good at saving energy and is able to extend the life of sensor nodes.
Wideband SIW based slot antenna for RADAR applications
Authors: Jennie Bharathi R , Neduncheliyan S
Published: May 2023

In this case, a substrate integrated waveguide technology is used in conjunction with a cavity-backed slot antenna. The modified slot antenna, in comparison to the dumbbell-shaped slot, not only adds numerous additional resonance spots, but it also enables the antenna to attain a better gain. In addition to this, the high-order resonant modes that are contained inside the sub cavity may be stimulated by the ground coplanar waveguide feeding structure if the high-order modes are brought into close proximity with one another. Based on the results of the test, it has been determined that the suggested antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 26.7% between 18.2 and 23.8 GHz and a peak gain of 9.5 dBi at 20.4 GHz. At each of the three frequencies that were tested, the cross-polarization levels of the antenna are around 40 dB. Antennas are recognised as being among the most important parts of any communication system. Because of this, antenna design is now one of the most active areas of study within the field of communication studies. In contrast, applications like as air traffic radar, satellite communications, and point-to-point terrestrial connection demand highly concentrated radiation patterns that also have a wideband and high gain. Because of this more focused radiation pattern, there will also be an increase in the communication range.
Design of intelligent temperature and humidity monitoring system based on STM32
Authors: Chen Jialong , Xiao Jingjing
Published: May 2023

In the closed warehouse environment, this paper designed an intelligent temperature and humidity monitoring system based on the modular design method to solve the problem that the product is easy to damage. Based on the interaction between the STM32 Main control chip and the upper computer, the warehouse temperature, humidity dual control, and other functions can be realized. Experimental results show that the design can timely control the temperature and humidity in the warehouse. Moreover, the system has the function of data broadcasting. Consequently, product quality can be guaranteed to a great extent.
Monocular 3D Target Detection Model Based on Differential Neural Network Architecture Search
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Liang Tianzhu , Lu Shengli
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the possibility of applying neural network architecture search to monocular 3D target detection tasks, so as to solve the problem that researchers need a lot of time and prior knowledge to manually design network structures. The algorithm applies the differentiable neural network architecture search technology to the backbones search of the 3D monocular target detection network FCOS3D. At the same time, to improve the accuracy of the algorithm for 3D target detection tasks and reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, we add deformable convolution and depth separable convolution to the network searchable space. Finally, our algorithm is superior to the original FCOS3D algorithm in the KITTI3D monocular target detection dataset.
Research on roughness prediction model of robotic sanding carbon fiber reinforced plastics
Authors: Wang Guo Lei , Lin Cun Ning , Chen Su Ming , Yue Shan , Xue Hong Ming , Gao Xiang Lin
Published: May 2023

By taking a pneumatic eccentric grinder and round sandpapers as research objects, the modeling method is proposed to accurately predict the surface roughness of robotic sanding carbon fiber reinforced plastic parts. A four-factor, the four-level orthogonal experiment was conducted which took four process parameters into account: pressing force, feeding speed, grit size, and supply air pressure. The multiple linear regression analysis method was then applied to create a roughness prediction model. Furthermore, accuracy validation results show that the model’s prediction error is within ±9%.
Towards an Automated Testing Framework for IoT Devices
Authors: Wang Baoping , Zhu Linkai , Sun Di , Wang Wennan , Song Shiyang , Peng Sheng
Published: May 2023

As the Internet of Things (IoT) devices become increasingly available, there is an increasing demand for automated testing. Starting from the advantages of automated testing in the IoT, this paper first examines that automated testing has significantly improved compared to traditional manual testing in terms of test efficiency, test level, cost savings, and product stability. We then explain in detail the steps and key points of implementing automatic tests. Finally, a variety of automatic client frameworks are developed based on the Python language and connected to an automated testing environment, which has achieved significant benefits in equipment stability testing and performance testing.
Fabrication of flexible optoelectronics based on in-situ-grown customized graphene patterns
Authors: Wang Huawen , Zhang Ruiqi , Li Xin
Published: May 2023

The unique physical and chemical properties of graphene enable it to be widely used in optoelectronic devices, and the important prerequisite for its functionalization and application is the hene patterning technique. However, traditional patterned graphene preparation methods will introduce impurities and defects in the process, which will affect the performance of devices. We developed a method to directly grow patterned graphene, and then transfer it to a flexible substrate to fabricate optoelectronic devices. Flexible electroluminescent devices were fabricated and functionally tested.
Multi-qubit BEC trap for atomic boson sampling
Authors: Shannon William , Kocharovsky Vitaly
Published: May 2023

We suggest a new platform for examination of quantum statistical phenomena in many-body interacting systems – a multi-qubit Bose-Einstein-condensate (BEC) trap. Ideally, it is suitable for demonstrating manifestations of quantum supremacy of such systems through atomic boson sampling of excited-state occupations. This is wholly different than the linear-interferometer platform which uses Gaussian boson sampling of non-interacting non-equilibrium photons rather than interacting atoms in equilibrium. We present a basic model of the multi-qubit BEC trap and illustrate its essential properties by means of numerical simulations.
Solitary high-Q resonance in a grating waveguide via parity symmetry breaking at mode crossing
Authors: Reynolds Cole , Kocharovsky Vitaly
Published: May 2023

A phenomenon of a solitary narrow high-Q resonance in a planar grating waveguide associated with a bound state in the continuum (BIC) is revealed analytically. BICs appear when dispersion curves of the leaking even-parity and non-leaking odd-parity infinite-grating eigenmodes intersect. These intersections engender a parity symmetry break of the leaking eigenmode, causing it to decouple from a spatial Fourier harmonic that is emitted out of the waveguide. As a result, the otherwise low-Q waveguide eigenmode, comprised of those two aforementioned and some other infinite-grating eigenmodes, acquires a very high quality factor in a narrow vicinity of the mode-crossing frequency. Implementation of such a mechanism can be instructive for designing BICs in other photonic crystals and structures.
Anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy for probing functional groups in amorphous carbon thin films
Authors: Saparina S V , Gazizov A R , Kharintsev S S
Published: May 2023

Ultra-thin amorphous carbon (a-C) films are well established protective coatings of optical fibers. These coatings allow one to prevent degradation of the SiO2 fiber, which occurs due to diffusion of the water and hydrogen molecules into cladding and core. The a-C films typically contain impurities, such as oxygen and hydrogen, which are attached to organic moieties via chemical bonding. The formation of hydrogen- and oxygen-containing functional groups reduces the hermeticity of a-C coatings, and therefore, monitoring these impurities is of great importance. In this work, we develop a method for probing O- and H- containing moieties based on resonance anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy. We measured Raman spectra of a-C films and observed that anti-Stokes to Stokes ratios of Raman peaks differ from those predicted by Boltzmann law. This effect caused by resonance enhancement of the anti-Stokes Raman scattering in defects of graphite-like crystals. To quantify this effect, we used a resonance factor, which is defined as a ratio of the anti-Stokes and Stokes scattering cross sections. We show that this indicator can be used to assess degree of enrichment/depletion of a-C with O- and H- containing functional groups. Understanding the physical mechanisms of the anomalous anti-Stokes Raman scattering will improve Raman thermometry.
Stimulated tip-enhanced Raman scattering on single molecule in plasmonic nanocavity
Authors: Gazizov Almaz R , Kharintsev Sergey S , Salakhov Myakzyum Kh
Published: May 2023

Plasmonic nanocavities formed by a metal nanoparticle located close to a thin metal film or other nanoparticle are of great interest for nanophotonics. Their properties can be used for optical superresolution, optoelectronics, and the creation of new materials with increased non-linearity. However, the interpretation of Raman spectra enhanced by a nanoresonator is complicated by depolarization effects. In this work, the analysis of tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) on a single organic molecule in the plasmonic nanocavity formed by a metal tip and a gold substrate is carried out. The linear and nonlinear regimes of TERS are considered. The reasons for the selective enhancement of Raman spectral bands are analysed using anisotropic molecule of the free base porphyrin (FBP) dye as an example. The observed vibrational symmetry of the molecule changes even greater in nonlinear regime of spectroscopic TERS measurements. We believe that our results are beneficial for the development of the tools to control vibrations of molecules at the nanoscale.
Massive Quantum Vortices in Superfluids
Authors: Richaud Andrea , Penna Vittorio , Fetter Alexander L.
Published: May 2023

We consider the dynamical properties of quantum vortices with filled massive cores, hence the term “massive vortices”. While the motion of massless vortices is described by first-order motion equations, the inclusion of core mass introduces a second-order time derivative in the motion equations and thus doubles the number of independent dynamical variables needed to describe the vortex. The simplest possible system where this physics is present, i.e. a single massive vortex in a circular domain, is thoroughly discussed. We point out that a massive vortex can exhibit various dynamical regimes, as opposed to its massless counterpart, which can only precess at a constant rate. The predictions of our analytical model are validated by means of numerical simulations of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations, which indeed display the signature of the core inertial mass. Eventually, we discuss a nice formal analogy between the motion of massive vortices and that of massive charges in two-dimensional domains pierced by magnetic fields.
Optimal Phase Sensitivity in an Unbalanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Authors: Ataman Stefan
Published: May 2023

In this work we address the problem of phase sensitivity optimization for an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer. While the quantum Fisher information can be employed in order to obtain the optimum transmission coefficient for the first beam splitter, this is no longer true for the second one, whose optimization is detection-scheme dependent. We thus consider three commonly used detection schemes and provide the optimal solution for each case. We also provide applications of the optimization method showing that for some input states a non-balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer can outperform its balanced counterpart in terms of phase sensitivity.
Ionization Dynamics for Atomic and Molecular Ions in Relativistic, Ultrastrong Laser Fields
Authors: Walker B C , Jones E C , Andreula Z , Pham M , Gale M , Pedlow E , Stein A
Published: May 2023

The discovery of laser-driven rescattering and high harmonic radiation out to a maximum photon energy of 3.17 times the ponderomotive energy (Up
) laid the groundwork for attosecond pulse generation and coherent X-rays. As the laser field drives the interaction to higher energies, relativity and the Lorentz force from the laser magnetic field enter into the dynamics. We present the results of recent studies of laser rescattering, including these effects, to give a quantitative description of rescattering dynamics in the high-energy limit, ie, recollision energies of order 1,000 hartree (27 keV). The processes investigated include inner K- and L-shell excitation and the ultimate limit of high harmonic generation via rescattering bremsstrahlung. The results indicate the path to the frontier area of x-ray strong field processes.
Effect of High and Low Pressure EGR on Diesel Engine Matched with Mechanical Turbo-compound
Authors: Wang Kun , Wang Jun , Shi Zhipeng , Guo Xiangchi , Zhang Qiang
Published: May 2023

The mode of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and the flow of recirculated exhaust greatly impact the exhaust heat recovery of the mechanical turbo-compound. A matching mechanical turbo-compound of the diesel engine is established with GT-power software to study the effect of EGR mode and EGR rate on it, and the effect of EGR rate on the working performance of diesel engine and the mechanical turbo-compound under high-pressure EGR mode and low-pressure EGR mode is also studied. The results show that compared with the original engine, the effective thermal efficiency of the diesel engine matched with mechanical turbo-compound has been improved. Under the two EGR modes, as the EGR rate increase, the effective thermal efficiencies of diesel engine matched with mechanical turbo-compound and the original engine are decreasing. Under the maximum torque condition, the fuel economy of mechanical compound turbine diesel engine matched with low-pressure EGR system is better than with high-pressure EGR system; while underrated power condition, the fuel economy difference of mechanical compound turbine diesel engine matched with high-pressure EGR system and low-pressure EGR system is small.
Study of partial discharge electromagnetic wave signal leakage characteristics of transformer oil-paper insulated bushings
Authors: Su Yi , Li Dajian , Lu Yufeng , Han Fangyuan , Zhang Wei
Published: May 2023

In order to reasonably evaluate the effectiveness of UHF sensor arrangement in online monitoring of partial discharge of bushing, it is necessary to study the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics of partial discharge UHF in the bushing. In this paper, a three-dimensional model of a real transformer bushing is established, the XFDTD software is used to simulate the raised seat defects and internal capacitive core defects of the bushing, field strength sensors are arranged at different locations inside and outside the bushing, and the propagation process of partial discharge UHF signals leaking from the oil-paper insulated bushing to the external free space is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the time difference between the signals received by the field strength sensors at different locations is not significant and can be neglected in practice. The partial discharge electromagnetic wave signal generated by the bushing elevated seat defect leaks from the upper porcelain sleeve to the external space, and the leaked electromagnetic wave energy is mainly gathered at the upper and lower ends of the upper porcelain sleeve. The partially discharged electromagnetic signal at the capacitor core inside the bushing will propagate along the coaxial waveguide structure formed between the capacitor screens towards the two ends of the capacitor core, the downward propagating electromagnetic wave energy is confined within the elevated seat, the upward propagating electromagnetic wave energy propagates from the top of the upper porcelain bushing to the external space, the leaked electromagnetic wave energy is mainly concentrated at the top of the upper porcelain bushing. The simulation results provide ideas for optimizing the arrangement of external antenna sensors for UHF detection of partial discharges in transformer oil-paper insulated bushings.