bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PROBLEMS OF BRINGING RUSSIAN TRADE POLICY IN LINE WITH WTO REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Petrova M. A.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the role of trade policy in ensuring the competitiveness of the automotive industry – one of the most sensitive to the changes of economic conditions and important for providing national economic security – and finding a balance between the need to regulate the internal market and the implementation of the commitments under WTO. The analyze of the current condition of the Russian automotive industry has shown that, despite the low share in the world production and exports, Russia has a great potential for growth, mainly due to the unsaturated domestic market. It is proved, that the development of the automotive industry as one of the innovative industries in the country has all the necessary terms. Moreover, the priority areas for the development of the automotive industry include, first of all, the creation of a full range production with foreign investment. Measures of attracting and regulating FDI received much attention due to their relationship with the instruments of trade policy, as the production of capital goods, particularly automobiles, require imports of components, and FDI, in turn, promote the export of finished products. The commitments taken by Russia in the automotive industry include reduction of duties on imported cars, the renegotiation of investment programs and rules for the functioning of special economic zones. At present, the most acute question is car recycling tax, which has led to a trade dispute with the European Union, and may lead to countervailing measures against Russian goods. Considering WTO rules, recommendations on the use of the most effective instruments of foreign policy, aimed at improving the competitiveness of the Russian automotive industry, were made, including the rationalization of import and the attraction of new technologies due to the diversification of customs duties on certain groups of automotive components, lowering income taxes, a gradual decrease of the fiscal functions of the customs tariff; the stability and transparency of the instruments of trade policy and simplification of customs procedures.
GLOBALIZATION AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Authors: Gromyko A. A.
Published: June 2021

Anatoly Andreevich Gromyko, a professor of the Moscow State University, a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences reflects in his article on the destinies of mankind and the most complex problems facing the world community at the early 21 century under globalization and increased demand in global governance. In his analysis the author concedes that after numerous pieces of research on various aspects of these two phenomena, there are still more questions than answers. He believes that globalization might become a force serving not only private interests of big corporations but also the common good of humanity. Since interdependence is the main feature of our world we should not fall prey to the ideal images of global governance because there is no one size fit all global governance. The article elaborates the three most pressing world problems:– the need in a new way of thinking about globalization. According to the author the problems of globalization must be approached with knowledge of history and acknowledgement of social justice;– the need in morally acceptable balance among unifying potential of globalization, unchained global market and the state as the last resort of its nation;– the need to make United Nations a platform, where political and social democracy should lay ground for global governance so craved for by the mankind. The author pays special attention to the dichotomy between the force of law and the law of force as well as to the prospects for the new democratic global order accommodating the sustainable development of human civilization.
THE AXIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE NOTION “TOLERANCE”
Authors: Matyushina V. V.
Published: June 2021

The conception of tolerance in philosophy and linguistics is considered in the article. The article shows the philosophical and sociopolitical nature of the notion “tolerance” together with a special stress on the usage peculiarities of the word “tolerance” in the Russian language. The place of tolerance in the system of values is studied and also its place in the theory of cultural dialogue is defined. There has lately been a discussion among Russian researchers about the phenomenon under consideration - that of tolerance – and its top-importance. The whole terminology ,connected with the problems of tolerance, as well as the very word “tolerance”, are borrowed from English. The analysis of the usage of the Russian equivalents for the term “tolerance” is carried out with the help of the materials devoted to the problems of tolerance. Moreover, an attempt is made to define the status of tolerance as a value of modern society because contemporary philosophy considers tolerance to be one of the fundamental values of the present. As the interaction of cultures is basically a dialogue a modern human being has to overcome stereotypes and become tolerant to realize and appreciate other cultures. Modern society needs some new communication methods based on the respect for different cultures.
LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF UNDERSTATEMENT IN MODERN ENGLISH
Authors: Ivanova V. G.
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on the concept of Understatement as a lingua-cultural category and analyses the main linguistic means of realization of this phenomenon. Besides, some stylistic and pragmalinguistic aspects of Understatement are analyzed from the perspective of a distancing strategy. The researcher is primarily interested in Understatement as a lingua-cultural category relying on historically stipulated cultural traditions of Anglo-Saxon society which gave rise to the forming of the British national character, and which reflect age, gender and social differences of the English. The author does not use the Russian variants of the translation of Understatement in the article, as they do not fully convey all the aspects of denotative and connotative meaning of this concept. Further on it is emphasized that the structure of Understatement is complex, diverse and can be expressed by a variety of lexical as well as grammatical means, among which double negation, modal verbs, the adverbs of degree and particles can often be encountered which are in most cases dependent on the context. From the pragmatic angle Understatement can be used to conceal embarrassment, anxiety or offence. Moreover, Understatement is used while singling out the positive aspects of the communicative situation. The understatement of the positive characteristics of the speaker is reflected in the so called «effect of modesty », which finally boils down to such a strategy as «fishing for compliments», that is an intentional understatement of one’s positive qualities in order to «fish for compliments». Understatement used to and continues to play a special role in the English speech behavior. Its aim is to minimize the impact of the negative factors on the message addressee, to lower the categoricity of the utterance and to take the interlocutor’s interests into account.
METHODS OF CORRECTING MISTAKES IN WRITTEN SPEECH
Authors: Chekanova S. A.
Published: June 2021

Mistake correction is an important element of teaching a foreign language. It is important to do it in the right way and in a proper time so that students can remember a grammatically correct variant. Here it is necessary to pay attention to a psychological aspect. Some students negatively react to a great number of the teacher’s corrections in their notebooks. In this case it is possible to classify mistakes into grave and minor ones. Besides the teacher should first mention his students’ progress in a particular unit and then the material they ought to revise. Mistakes must be generalized, commented on and analyzed. It is essential not only for improving students’ linguistic knowledge but also for the teacher who can use the data to explain the same material to other students. The teacher will call their attention to certain points so that they can avoid typical mistakes. The article is devoted to various ways of correcting grammar mistakes in writing. The aim of the article is to choose methods that will enable students to improve their writing skills. It briefly describes each of the methods and explains why it may be reasonable to apply it to teaching and why it may be useful for students with different language experience.
Sergeyev Rostislav Aleksandrovich – MGIMO Alumni President in 1991-2004
Authors: Pavlenko I. A.
Published: June 2021

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JAPANS’S CHINA STRATEGY
Authors: Kireeva A. A.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the transformation of Japan’s strategy vis-a-vis China. China and Japan are the most powerful states in East Asia in economic, political and military dimensions. They constitute two poles which shape the regional subsystem of international relations. China’s rise presents a considerable challenge for Japan’s foreign policy alongside with immense opportunity for the state’s development, with Japan’s and China’s positions, as well stability in East Asia resting upon Japan’s strategy towards China. Japan’s China strategy in the aftermath of World War II prior to 2010-2011 can be characterized as engagement with elements of containment. Japan has to a significant degree accommodated China’s rise by facilitating the successful implementation of its grand strategy, seen as the restoration of a great power status that China lost in the 19th century opium wars. The beginning of the 21st century saw a reassessment of Japan’s foreign policy and adopting a proactive stance. There is a divergence of opinion as to Japan’s strategy towards China in 2000s: while a number of scholars believe that there was a shift to balancing, others conclude that no such trend existed and “hedging” would be a more accurate definition, as it enables a state to protect from risks with regional coalitions. The early 2010s have seen Japan’s China strategy increasingly transforming into balancing and containment influenced by Japan’s growing perception of China’s maritime activities in the East China Sea as a threat to its security. However, there is growing possibility of adopting a “dual hedging” strategy, as China is first of all regarded as the key economic partner for Japan’s successful development.
BACHELOR DEGREE PROGRAMS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND REGIONAL STUDIES: A COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH TO PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Kuzmina L. G.
Published: June 2021

The paper is devoted to the problem of devising a new ESP curriculum for university students within the framework of Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education. The necessity to introduce innovations into foreign language teaching at universities is fore grounded. It is claimed that in spite of some ambiguity in specifying the students’ competence in foreign languages put forward in the Standards, it is possible to design an effective educational curriculum for this university subject. It is proved that this can be realized if a competence-oriented approach is implemented. The process of designing a new competence-based curriculum for foreign languages is being described. A model modular course in foreign languages for the university students majoring in Regional Studies is presented. Some strategies to further develop teaching foreign languages at universities are mentioned. It is also argued that the course under discussion has proved to be attractive for the university applicants, provides for the quality of language education and meets the needs of the regional business community in the specialists of this kind.
FINANCIAL MARKET SPECULATIVE TRANSACTIONS
Authors: Маnuylov K. E.
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the transformation of financial market, which determines its insulation as an independent economy sector. The tendency was first analyzed in late XIX century and has been developing since then, resulting in dissociation of real and financial sectors. Due to uncertainty traders lack decision guidelines, as speculative transactions do not imply property management. As a result, their decisions are based on expectations and market value losses any connection to real sector performance. Financial derivatives development through late XX century has brought financial market independence to a new level and inflation of the sector to values, exceeding world GDP. Stock market has provided the basis for property and management separation, and derivatives, in turn, separate returns from property and risk from asset. As risk valuation turns out to be the measure of market expectations, it is sure to affect the basic asset prices even more than underlying real capital. The imbalance is believed to have been one of the determinants of the modern financial and economic crisis. Financial market has evidently transformed to a casino to a greater extent, than Keynes identified.
THE IMPACT OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE INTER-REGIONAL AND CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP DURING THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS
Authors: Ran Xin
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of the impact of Russian-Chinese Inter-regional and Crossborder Cooperation on Entrepreneurship during the Global Economic Crisis. Currently, the two main directions of development of the economy is the economic globalization and regional economic integration. Inter-regional and cross-border cooperation between Russia and China - an important part of bilateral relations, as well as a significant factor in promoting socio -economic development of neighboring regions and business between the two countries. The year 2008 was difficult for the world. Against the backdrop of a slow recovery of the global economy after the financial and economic crisis, Russia and China jointly overcome the difficulties of post-crisis, deepen strategic partnerships and actively explore new areas of cooperation. The effect of cross border cooperation on entrepreneurial activity in the recent years is shown in the border areas, in which accumulate significant experiences of using the potential of entrepreneurship for the high dynamics of the economic growth. In the aftermath of the crisis, the Russian and Chinese governments actively strengthened their cooperation. This provided more opportunities for the further deepening of enterprise development. Within the framework of regular meetings between the two governments signed a series of agreements and contracts in the oil and gas industry, the coal industry, as well as in the nuclear power industry and in the field of high-speed rail train and automobile, etc. More opportunities for investment and a better business environment in the border areas promote enthusiasm in the entrepreneurial activity. To ensure the implementation of entrepreneurial potential is necessary to create a favorable legal and economic conditions for the intensive development of the business, stimulating the formation of the market structure and the competitive environment. Entrepreneurship plays an important role for the development of border areas. The active level of the business not only strongly influences the development of cross-border and inter-regional cooperation, but also for the development of the border areas. The bilateral economic cooperation is helpful for the improvement of social and economic situation in the border areas.
KEY AREAS OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION
Authors: Kolegova O. U.
Published: June 2021

The article reviews the current and future directions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states’ cooperation. The author emphasizes the need of the comprehensive, multi-faceted approach to the de-velopment and expansion of contacts of the countries participants of the organization. Analysis of the key areas of cooperation showed that the greatest prospect projects are in the areas of interaction such as infrastructure construction, transport, energy, technology, agriculture, humanitarian, cultural, and military cooperation. However, the article implies that the economic cooperation within the SCO is the weakest area of activity of the organization, the multilateral economic projects successfully implemented, in fact, are not yet available, as the bilateral cooperation is often implemented without the SCO (despite the fact that the SCO will promote its activation). The author believes that the connection to the SCO such national economies as India and Pakistan can greatly stimulate the development of economic cooperation, to give impetus to the beginning of a number of important multilateral projects. In addition, one of the main causes of economic cooperation deceleration in the SCO, he said the lack of dedicated funding mechanism for multilateral projects.The paper identified the medium-term prospects for international cooperation within the SCO, which have become more apparent in June 2012, at the regular meeting of the SCO Council of State’ Heads, held in Beijing, a brief review of the approved there important documents defining trends of the organization over the next decade.
THE ROLE OF PRIMARY GLOBAL PUBLIC GOODS IN INFORMATION SOCIETY
Authors: Shcerbakova L. N.
Published: June 2021

The article reflects the author's position as to the role of global public blessings in the period of transition to new models of development. The present stage of development of a society is considered as transitive. The maintenance of this transition is a formation of the information society. The information society leans against a new basis: the new base resources, new structure of a society, global character of the functioning, new collective reason. Expansion of a circle of the global public blessings can become one of possible ways of formation of the given society. In their structure articles of prime necessity at global level are allocated. We have carried the ecological blessings to them; the creative blessings; equality; the first material benefits – habitation, transport, a food and clothes. The nature of the global public blessings in modern conditions is characterized much more deeply, rather than principles of public using. Deep fundamentals of blessings of the given level are defined. Following lines are carried to them: first place in comparison with market interests of the countries; their dominating role in formation of new model of development of world economy; definition of their essence on formation stages, instead of distributions. Their manufacture should be planned by the world regulating centre. The role of global public blessings as tools of development and growth of new economy is defined. Radical difference of character of public blessings in the present system and global public blessings in the transitive society is revealed. Object of research is the modern stage of development. Targets of research are the global public blessings. Novelty of the article is caused by the author's scientific vision of the role of global public blessings in the formation of the new information society as defined.
RUSSIA-EU CUSTOMS COOPERATION LEGAL BASE IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIA WTO ACCESSION
Authors: Turlanov D. A.
Published: June 2021

As a result of long-term accession process Russia became WTO member, which stipulates adequate analyze of relevant consequences both for Russia and its bilateral relations with trade partners. Taking into consideration the fact, that EU is Russia’s main trade partner and significant role of customs issues in ensuring smooth trade flows across the border, author provides legal assessment of Russia WTO accession influence on Russia-EU customs cooperation legal base. Author comes to the conclusion that due to trade, but not customs nature WTO addresses customs to prevent it from being obstacle to trade. Besides, during accession process Russia in general provided correspondence of its legislation to WTO norms. For example, Russia-EU customs cooperation is based on WTO norms from the date of Partnership and Cooperation Agreement entering into force, in which included references on General Agreement on Tariff and Trade. These facts minimize Russia WTO accession influence on the process of Russia-EU customs cooperation legal base construction. At the same time author proves Russia-EU customs cooperation instrument fruitfulness in elimination of risks arising from Russia WTO accession. Such instruments will support effective customs administration without unreasonable interference in trade flows, including within WTO. At the same time it will be important factor for economic, national security as well as for increase of investment attractiveness of Russia.
DYNAMICS OF MEDIA AND SOCIETY INTERACTION IN COMMUNICATIVE SPACE
Authors: Chistyakov D. I.
Published: June 2021

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the social issues caused by mass-media impact on individuals and society. The author bases on reflection of sociological theories and discourses of late modern and postmodern and thus shows the transformation of media and their audience on the society’s way to the postmodernity. Postmodern media are viewed as a specific social institution of postmodernity; the author also emphasizes the basic peculiarities of its institutionalization. Structural integrity between mass-media and society is ensured through mass communication in its one-sided direction of the only communicator to the masses, often turning into an influence on recipients. The article stems from the premise that a modernday person is included in qualitatively and quantitavely other communications than in a preceding era of late modernity. Mass-media’s influence on society is thus specific. Messages, images, symbols, signs created by media not only form our perspective, but also serve as keys to the perception of reality. A subject today is involved in endless interconnected streams of information, hence a subject doesn’t consume information in discreet blocks anymore. Rather, we can imagine a subject standing knee-deep in a vast stream grabbing whatever he or she may find interesting. Under the certain conditions the very reality is being substituted by the virtual reality. The author shows and analyses the communication model of the basic information producers and recipients.
CORRELATION BETWEEN LANGUAGE WORLDVIEW AND MENTAITY IN MODERN LINGUISTICS
Authors: Sosedova V. S.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the correlation between concepts of mentality and language worldview in modern linguistics. Considering mentality within modern linguistics reflects the principle expansionism which consists in the fact that no science can remain within the borders of itself, it needs access to the adjacent areas of knowledge to produce the most comprehensive research. That is why linguistics is to use the data provided by such sciences as cultural studies, anthropology, sociology, etc. The paper highlights the main approaches to the issue of language worldview. The most relevant modern theory concerning the topic is the hypothesis of linguistic relativity in its weak form, which consists in the fact that language is only one of the factors that influence the way in which we conceptualize reality. Further in the article we put definitions of language worldview and give our own definition of the term. The part of the article dedicated to the mentality also provides definitions of the concept, indicates the relative novelty of studying the mentality of a nation within language sciences, it also provides a comparison of the given concepts. The author finds both similarities and differences and comes to the conclusion that, despite the apparent synonymy of the discussed concepts, there are important differences: they deal with different sides of world perception, they put emphasis on peculiar features of reality. Mentality is associated with the cultural aspect and the language worldview – with the liguocultural aspect. What is important is that both concepts are relevant to modern linguistics.
Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor Robert Vachaganovich Engibaryan
Authors: Krasnov Y. K. , Okhotsky E. V.
Published: June 2021

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COGNITIVE GRAMMAR IN AN ENGLISH CLASSROOM, OR, HOW TO MAKE LIFE FOR RUSSIAN STUDENTS EASIER
Authors: Kravchenko A. V.
Published: June 2021

Every EFL teacher who teaches native speakers of Russian knows that the main roadblocks encountered in the classroom pertain to acquisition of articles, prepositions, and grammatical forms of the verb. With regard to articles, the situation is clear: as there are none in Russian, the student needs to understand their role and function in English. It's a bit different with prepositions: even though there are prepositions in Russian, their number and usage in English very often cause confusion. Finally, as far as the so-called tenses go – which are, in fact, tense-aspect forms – many students experience difficulties in developing necessary skills for a simple reason. Being used to the three tenses in Russian (the present, the past, and the future), they are often incapable of understanding the organizational and functional logic of a system which comprises twelve forms in the active voice. With this in mind, the problem of tense acquisition is shown to be rooted in inadequate metalinguistic knowledge pertaining to the meaning and function of the categories of tense and aspect in Russian. Since cognitive structures underlying these grammatical categories are grounded in perceptual experience and are similar in both languages, a cognitive approach, by using the native language as scaffolding, allows the student to benefit from a simple algorithm for choosing a tense in discourse. This radically facilitates grammar acquisition, eliminating many imaginary difficulties. The described approach to instructed tense–aspect acquisition has been successfully used by the author and his disciples and colleagues in educational institutions of different levels for over twenty years, proving to be much more efficient than traditional techniques.
Aplikasi Asam Giberelin (GA) Alami dari Ekstrak Rebung untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Buah Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Authors: ARYANINGSIH NI NYOMAN , MAYADEWI NI NYOMAN ARI , DHARMA I PUTU
Published: June 2021

The Application of Natural Gibberellic Acid (GA) from Bamboo Shoot Extract to Increase Quality of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill). Tomato is a horticultural plant that has a lot of benefits. To increase the quality and productivity of tomatoes can be done by giving plant growth substances. This research aimed to find out the effect of natural gibberellic acid (GA) from bamboo shoot on the quality of tomatoes and to get the best natural gibberellic acid concentration from bamboo shoot to increase the quality and productivity of tomatoes. This research was designed using Randomized Block Design which consisted of 1 factor that is natural hormone concentration from bamboo shoot, with 5 treatments. Every treatment was repeated for 5 times. The standard of the treatment consisted of K0 as a control, K1 which was sprayed by 25% of bamboo shoot extract concentration, K2 which was squirted by sprayed by 50% of bamboo shoot extract concentration, K3 which was squirted by 75% of bamboo shoot extract concentration, and K4 which was sprayed by 100% of bamboo shoot extract concentration. The bamboo shoot was sprayed before the tomatoes’ flower blossomed. This research found that the application of bamboo shoot extract affected the quality of the tomatoes itself and reduced the number of seeds of tomato itself. In conclusion, the best concentration that can reduce the number of tomatoe’s seeds is the concentration of 75% (K3) compared to control one with 77%.
Strategi dan Solusi Layanan Bimbingan Konseling Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Chotimawati Yuni
Published: June 2021

Guidance and counseling service is an integral part of the educational process in the education unit. During the Covid-19 pandemic, strategies and solutions are needed so it can be carried out online. Whatsapp is a social media that has been widely known and used by many people in Indonesia.  The features found on Whatsapp support the implementation of online guidance and counseling service including its supporting activities such as classical formats, group formats, and individual formats.  Classical format and group format services can be carried out through one of Whatsapp features known as Whatsapp Messenger Group, while individual format services can be conducted through Whatsapp Chat. However, there are some obstacles faced in using Whatsapp as a medium for online guidance and counseling services.  Some of the obstacles that often arise are unstable signal, insufficient memory on cellphone due to many files received, lack of interaction between teachers and students, difficulty to check the seriousness of students, lack of student motivation, lack of supporting devices, and difficulty to understand the material given.  However, despite all the obstacles that may occur, as a user friendly platform and very popular in Indonesia and even in the world, Whatsapp can still be used as a strategic media and solution for guidance and counseling service during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
ESTUDO DA CONSERVAÇÃO DE MATERIAL BIOLÓGICO COM A TECNOLOGIA FTA-Card®
Authors: Silveira Cleypson Vinicius , Benitez Angelica , Rivas Açucena Veleh , Fruehwirth Marcelo , Delai Robson Michael
Published: June 2021

O Whatman FTA-Card® é composto por um papel-filtro quimicamente tratado, destinado à coleta, transporte, armazenamento de amostra para posterior extração de ácidos nucléicos. A tecnologia FTA-Card® é utilizada para manter estável DNA e RNA em temperatura ambiente, podendo ser utilizada para fixação de uma ampla variedade de material orgânico ou tecidos. Foram realizados testes para certificar sua eficiência na conservação do material a ser analisado com o intuito de eliminar a cadeia fria de conservação, agilizando e diminuindo os custos da execução de exames moleculares associados ao diagnóstico de patologias. Com a utilização desse método o material biológico pode ser enviado por serviço de transportes, reduzindo os custos e viabilizando os diagnósticos provenientes de áreas mais remotas onde o tempo é um impeditivo proeminente. Foram testadas amostras de felino na forma de sangue total e soro na extração utilizou-se o kit MagaZorb® Total RNA Mini-Prep Kit (Promega, USA), para o diagnóstico realizamos a técnica de PCR em tempo real para amplificar o gene CI2 de mamíferos a fim de visualizar a eficácia na conservação de material genético.
Perbandingan Decision Tree J48, REPTREE, dan Random Tree dalam Menentukan Prediksi Produksi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Fuzzy Tsukamoto
Authors: Tundo Tundo , 'Uyun Shofwatul
Published: June 2021

 
Penelitian ini menerangkan analisis decision tree J48, REPTree dan Random Tree dengan menggunakan metode fuzzy Tsukamoto dalam penentuan jumlah produksi minyak kelapa sawit di perusahaan PT Tapiana Nadenggan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui decision tree mana yang hasilnya mendekati dari data sesungguhnya. Digunakannya decision tree J48, REPTree, dan Random Tree yaitu untuk mempercepat dalam pembuatan rule yang digunakan tanpa harus berkonsultasi dengan para pakar dalam menentukan rule yang digunakan. Berdasarkan data yang digunakan akurasi pembentukan rule dari decision tree J48 adalah 95,2381%, REPTree adalah 90,4762%, dan Random Tree adalah 95,2381%. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dihitung bahwa metode fuzzy Tsukamoto dengan menggunakan REPTree mempunyai error Average Forecasting Error Rate (AFER) yang lebih kecil sebesar 23,17 % dibandingkan dengan menggunakan J48 sebesar 24,96 % dan Random Tree sebesar 36,51 % pada prediksi jumlah produksi minyak kelapa sawit. Oleh sebab itu ditemukan sebuah gagasan bahwa akurasi pohon keputusan yang terbentuk menggunakan tools WEKA tidak menjamin akurasi yang terbesar adalah yang terbaik, buktinya dari kasus ini REPTree memiliki akurasi rule paling kecil, akan tetapi hasil prediksi memiliki tingkat error paling kecil, dibandingkan dengan J48 dan Random Tree. 

Abstract

This study explains the J48, REPTree and Tree Random tree decision analysis using Tsukamoto's fuzzy method in determining the amount of palm oil production in PT Tapiana Nadenggan's company with the aim of finding out which decision tree results are close to the actual data. The decision tree J48, REPTree, and Random Tree is used to accelerate the making of rules that are used without having to consult with experts in determining the rules used. Based on the data used the accuracy of the rule formation of the J48 decision tree is 95.2381%, REPTree is 90.4762%, and the Random Tree is 95.2381%. The results of the study have calculated that the Tsukamoto fuzzy method using REPTree has a smaller Average Forecasting Error Rate (AFER) rate of 23.17% compared to using J48 of 24.96% and Tree Random of 36.51% in the prediction of the amount of palm oil production. Therefore an idea was found that the accuracy of decision trees formed using WEKA tools does not guarantee the greatest accuracy is the best, the proof of this case REPTree has the smallest rule accuracy, but the predicted results have the smallest error rate, compared to J48 and Tree Random.
Critical Realism sebagai Alternatif Landasan Filosofis di Penelitian Sistem Informasi
Authors: Priharsari Diah
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini dibuat untuk memperkenalkan landasan filosofis critical realism atau yang pada sebuah artikel di Indonesia disebut sebagai realisme kritis di akademisi dan praktisi sistem informasi Indonesia. Critical realism diajukan oleh beberapa peneliti terdahulu sebagai metode alternative untuk membantu perkembangan keilmuan di bidang sistem informasi. Banyak akademisi terdahulu yang mengkritik ketidakmampuan keilmuan sistem informasi menyumbangkan teori. Pada tulisan ini dibahas landasan critical realism dan bagaimana critical realism dapat membantu perkembangan teori. Selanjutnya, juga diberikan contoh penelitian di bidang sistem informasi yang menggunakan critical realism. AbstractThis essay was made to introduce critical realism as a philosophical foundation in information systems research. The expected audience for this writing is Indonesian information systems academia and practitioners. Information systems researchers suggest that critical realism affords the potential to establish alternative approach to theorising in information systems. There have been several articles made by senior scholars criticising the state of theorising in information systems. In this essay, we described the basic information about critical realism and how critical realism may help to theorising in information systems. We also showed an example of recent critical realism research in information systems and listed additional recent papers using CR.
Penggunaan Metode Signature Based dalam Pengenalan Pola Serangan di Jaringan Komputer
Authors: Setiawan Herri , Munandar M. Agus , Astuti Lastri Widya
Published: June 2021

Masalah keamanan jaringan semakin menjadi perhatian saat ini. Sudah semakin banyak tools maupun teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk masuk kedalam sistem secara ilegal, sehingga membuat lumpuh sistem yang ada. Hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena adanya celah dan tidak adanya sistem keamanan yang melindunginya, sehingga sistem menjadi rentan terhadap serangan. Pengenalan pola serangan di jaringan merupakan salah satu upaya agar serangan tersebut dapat dikenali, sehingga mempermudah administrator jaringan dalam menanganinya apabila terjadi serangan. Salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan dalam keamanan jaringan karena dapat mendeteksi serangan secara real time adalah Intrusion Detection System (IDS), yang dapat membantu administrator dalam mendeteksi serangan yang datang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode signatured based dan mengujinya dengan menggunakan simulasi. Paket data yang masuk akan dinilai apakah berbahaya atau tidak, selanjutnya digunakan beberapa rule untuk mencari nilai akurasi terbaik. Beberapa rule yang digunakan berdasarkan hasil training dan uji menghasilakan 60% hasil training dan 50% untuk hasil uji rule 1, 50% hasil training dan 75% hasil uji rule 2, 75% hasil training dan hasil uji rule 3, 25% hasil training dan hasil uji rule 4, 50% hasil training dan hasil uji untuk rule 5. Hasil pengujian dengan metode signatured based ini mampu mengenali pola data serangan melaui protokol TCP dan UDP, dan monitoring yang dibuat mampu mendeteksi semua serangan dengan tampilan web base.AbstractNetwork security issues are becoming increasingly a concern these days. There are more and more tools and techniques that can be used to enter the system illegally, thus paralyzing the existing system. This can occur due to loopholes and the absence of a security system that protects it so that the system becomes vulnerable to attacks. The recognition of attack patterns on the network is an effort to make these attacks recognizable, making it easier for network administrators to handle them in the event of an attack. One of the techniques that can be used in network security because of a timely attack is the Intrusion Detection System (IDS), which can help administrators in surveillance that comes. This study used a signature-based method and tested it using a simulation. The incoming data packet will be assessed whether it is dangerous or not, then several rules are used to find the best accuracy value. Some rules used are based on the results of training and testing results in 60% training results and 50% for rule 1 test results, 50% training results and 75% rule 2 test results, 75% training results and rule 3 test results, 25% training results and the result of rule 4 test, 50% of training results and test results for rule 5. The test results with the signature-based method can recognize attack data patterns via TCP and UDP protocols, and monitoring is made to be able to detect all attacks with a web-based display.
Pengumpulan Data Twitter Tentang Covid-19 di Indonesia untuk Menghitung Tingkat Engagement Pengguna
Authors: Narulita Luvia Friska , Sulistyawati Dwi Harini
Published: June 2021

Dari Twitter, pengguna dapat mendapatkan informasi tentang berbagai hal, begitu juga informasi tentang COVID-19. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan penelitian tentang tingkat engagement pengguna terhadap twit yang membahas tentang COVID-19. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap data twit pada bulan April 2020 hingga bulan Juni 2020. Data twit didapatkan dari akun akun yang khusus membahas tentang COVID serta akun milik pemerintah dengan melakukan penyaringan pada twit yang khusus membahas tentang COVID saja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat engagement pengguna yang dapat diartikan dengan tingkat interaksi pengguna terhadap twit yang membahas tentang COVID-19 pada saat awal virus COVID-19 merebak hingga pada saat mulai dikenalkan istilah New Normal atau adaptasi kebiasaan baru. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa tingkat interaksi pengguna terhadap twit tentang COVID menurun pada bulan Juni ketika kasus COVID semakin bertambah dan pelaksanaan kebijakan bekerja dari rumah sudah dilaksanakan sekitar dua bulan. Penurunan tingkat engagement pengguna sebesar 0,5% pada bulan Juni. AbstractTwitter users in Indonesia quite a lot. From Twitter, users can get information about various things, as well as information about COVID-19. In this study, research was conducted on the level of user engagement on tweets that discussed COVID-19. The study was conducted on tweet data from April 2020 to June 2020. The tweet data was obtained from accounts specifically discussing COVID and government-owned accounts by filtering on tweets which specifically discussed COVID only. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of user engagement which can be interpreted by the level of user interaction with tweets that discuss COVID-19 at the beginning of the COVID-19 virus spread until it was introduced to the term New Normal. This term is introduced to people to encourage them wearing mask and implementing health protocol during their activities.  From the research conducted, it was found that the level of user interaction with tweets about COVID decreased in June when COVID cases increased and the implementation of the work from home policy had been carried out for about two months.
Caracterización de la demanda del servicio de taxi en la ciudad de Chachapoyas 2019
Authors: Cueva Vega Edinson , Casiano Inga Denys Aldair , Morante Dávila Manuel Antonio
Published: June 2021

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo caracterizar la demanda del servicio de taxi en la ciudad de Chachapoyas (tipo de consumidor, los factores que llevan al consumo y evaluación general del servicio). Se utilizó un enfoque de investigación cuantitativo con diseño no experimental transeccional descriptivo. Para esto se tomó como grupo de estudio a todos los pobladores mayores de 14 años (consumidores potenciales del servicio de taxi) en la ciudad de Chachapoyas, de los cuales se aplicó de forma directa un instrumento estructurado a una muestra a 197 personas. La aplicación de este instrumento permitió la recopilación de información sobre las características de la demanda, y posterior tabulación y análisis a nivel descriptivo cuantitativo. Se encontró que la demanda tiene consumidores de sexo femenino (51.27%) y masculino (48.73%), con nivel de ingreso menor a S/1000.00 (70.92%), utiliza el servicio (en mayor porcentaje) por motivos de estudio (38.29%) y trabajo (35.43%) y tiene una evaluación regular (59.69%) y buena (38.27%) sobre el servicio. En conclusión, la demanda está caracterizada por consumidores de ambos sexos con niveles de ingreso medio-bajo, motivados principalmente por factores relacionados al estudio y trabajo, los cuales tienen una evaluación positiva-regular sobre la prestación del servicio.  
Influencia de la sombra y fertilización en la resistencia de clones élites Coffea arabica L. ante la incidencia y severidad de Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br.
Authors: Huaman Amparito
Published: June 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la influencia de la sombra y fertilización en la resistencia de clones élites de café (Coffea arabica L.) ante la incidencia y severidad de Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br., Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Perú. Se instaló bajo un diseño en bloque completo al azar (DBCA) con arreglo factorial, con dos factores; el primero porcentajes de sombra (0%, 50% y 80%); el segundo factor, dosis de fertilizante orgánico guano de isla y roca fosfórica en proporción 2:1v/v (0, 4, 8 y 12 g), dando un total de 12 tratamientos, 3 bloques y 36 unidades experimentales. Se utilizaron plantas clonadas de 4 meses de edad, obtenidas a partir de germoplasmas en jardines clonales. Las plantas clonales fueron inoculadas con una disolución de uredosporas de roya amarilla (Hemileia vastatrix), colectadas de fincas cafetaleras del distrito de Huambo, evaluándose la incidencia, severidad y área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad. Se encontró que las plantas sin sombra presentaron baja incidencia y severidad (0.02% y 0.03% respectivamente), no obstante, a medida que el porcentaje de sombra se incrementa la incidencia y severidad fue mayor. Las dosis de fertilizante presentaron diferencias significativas sobresaliendo los tratamientos con (8 y 12 g), así mismo las plantas no fertilizadas presentaron altos porcentajes y mayor infección. El efecto de sombras y dosis de fertilizante fueron relevantes, determinando que a medida la sombra disminuye el porcentaje de infección del hongo disminuye a medida que la dosis de fertilizante es mayor el porcentaje de infección disminuye.
Evaluación del efecto antibacteriano in vitro del extracto de Zingiber officinale en Escherichia coli y Salmonella typhimurium en cerdos
Authors: Acosta López Gleysi , Reátegui Inga Reiner Pedro Gabriel , Reátegui Inga Manuel Emilio
Published: June 2021

Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del extracto de kion (Zingiber officinale) en el control in vitro de Escherichia coli y Salmonella typhimurium, se recolectaron muestras de heces de cerdos entre los 30 y 90 días de edad que presentaron síntomas de tener enfermedades causadas por E. Coli y S. typhimurium.  El aislamiento y cultivo de cepas bacterianas se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias de Animales Domésticos de la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM). El análisis de varianza y la comparación de medias de Tukey  (p=0.05) evidenciaron que el extracto de  kion a concentraciones de  0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% y 60% no muestran ningún efecto antibacteriano frente a Escherichia coli y Salmonella typhimurium.
Experiencing the sacred
Authors: Mahohoma Takesure , Gundani Paul H
Published: June 2021

The primary concern of this research is to investigate sacred places utilized for moments of silence by Shona people when they seek mystical experience with the ancestors. Emphasis will be placed on the traditional wisdom of mysticism. It is no exaggeration that knowing and appreciating the beauty of nature (aesthetics) can draw one closer to God. Essentially the aspect of silence is involvement of God in peopleâ€™s daily life. In this presentation, we seek to analyze mystical experiences among the Shona.Â  The fundamental cultural changes in Shona society are forcing us to consider the position of sacred places and moments of communion with ancestors. These are a privilege of studying cultural dynamics
Mission and Colonialism in Southern Rhodesia: Locating Subtle Colonial and Imperialist Tendencies in Arthur Shearly Cripps’s Mission at Maronda Mashanu (1901–1952)
Authors: Gundani Paul
Published: June 2021

Academic interest in the life, mission and literary works of Fr Arthur Shearly Cripps of Maronda Mashanu mission, Southern Rhodesia, has not ceased. The reason for this interest derives from the fact that Cripps was one of the most eccentric if vociferous critics of the policies of the British South Africa Company (BSAC) and successive Southern Rhodesian governments. Generally, historiography on the Rhodesian Christian mission portrays him in a positive light, and as one of the rare missionaries to take on the mantle of being an advocate for the rights of oppressed Africans, the Shona people, in particular. Furthermore, his independent mission experiment and innovation at Maronda Mashanu mission, near Enkeldoorn (Chivhu), Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), accompanied with his poetic repertoire, resulted in his characterisation as “God’s Irregular.” The growing corpus of literature on Cripps’s life and work is a reflection of the interest that followed Cripps in life and death. The purpose of this article is to attempt to locate the agency of the oppressed subjects in Cripps’s mission on the basis of secondary sources available. The study is, therefore, a qualitative desk-top analysis of secondary sources available.
Twenty-fifth Anniversary of Church Unity between former DRMC and DRCA, 1994
Authors: Kgatla Selaelo Thias
Published: June 2021

T

Church unity between the former Dutch Reformed Mission Church (DRMC) and the Dutch Reformed Church in Africa (DRCA) took place in 1994 under particularly difficult circumstances. South Africa was on the brink of civil war, as the oppressed majority of the country was pressurising the apartheid regime to surrender to their legitimate demands for a democratic dispensation. The regime was relentless and violently resisted any change that would franchise black people. The struggle involved political, social, economic and religious dimensions and many people lost their lives as a result. It was under these circumstances that the DRMC and the DRCA forged ahead with church unity. The most enabling means for survival in the struggle for unity of the two churches was their faith in God as expressed in the Belhar Confession. This article explores the circumstances under which church unification was forged between the two Reformed churches and their eventual unity in 1994, as well as the concrete steps they took in their ritual of unification.