bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Seizure Resistance in Ironing of Aluminum Alloy Sheets and Stainless Steel Cups by Utilizing Laser Textured Die Having Lubricant Pockets
Authors: Abe Yohei , Sugiura Mika , Ando Takumi , Kumkhuntod Peerapong , Septham Kamthon , Daodon Witthaya , Mori Ken-ichiro
Published: April 2023

Seizure during ironing negatively affects the quality of parts and die life. To prevent seizures, lubrication has to be improved. In this study, laser-textured dies with lubricant pockets were utilized to improve seizure resistance in the ironing of aluminum alloy sheets and stainless steel cups. The effects of array patterns of micro-pockets, such as grid and crossing array patterns with circular pockets, as well as a grooved array patterns on seizure resistance, were experimentally examined by strip ironing. The sheet and die materials were the A1050-O aluminum alloy and JIS SKD11 tool steel, respectively. Moreover, the underlying physics of the lubricant flow influencing the load-carrying capacity were investigated using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. The optimum array patterns of the micro-pockets were then utilized on a tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) die surface for ironing SUS430 stainless steel cylindrical cups. The strip ironing results showed that the grid array pattern was successful in ironing sheets with a high ironing ratio. The grid array pattern increased the load-carrying capacity of the lubricant more than the crossing pattern, as demonstrated by the simulations, thereby improving the ironing limit. The subsequent ironing of stainless steel cups revealed that when using a textured die with a grid array pattern and lubricant without the extreme pressure additive in comparison to an untextured die, the ironing limit increased by 6% and the average ironing load decreased by 35%. The seizure resistance was improved because the pockets on the surface structured by laser surface texturing improved the load-carrying capacity during ironing.
Study of Corrosion Performance and Mechanisms of P91, 304SS and IN625 Alloys in Molten Nitrate Salts Used for Thermal Energy Storage System
Authors: Li Ning , Tariq Naeem ul Haq , Han Botao , He Rui , Wang Jiqiang , Cui Xinyu , Xiong Tianying
Published: April 2023

The corrosion performance of P91, 304SS and IN625 alloys was evaluated in simulated Solar Salt at 565 °C for up to 15 days. Results revealed that IN625 exhibited the best corrosion resistance with the evolution of thin and compact dual-structured oxide scales. 304SS experienced a great corrosion rate at the initial stage, but showed protective behavior in the later period. A linear mass gain rate was observed for P91, which may result in breakaway corrosion during prolonged immersion time. Finally, the underlying corrosion mechanisms were revealed, providing important guidelines for selecting applicable materials for corrosion mitigation in thermal energy storage (TES) system.
Polyether-Thiourea-Siloxane Copolymer Based on H-Bonding Interaction for Marine Antifouling
Authors: Li Mengyu , Nan Liyang , Zhang Boxuan , Kong Junjun , Wang Yufeng , Ba Miao
Published: April 2023

By introducing thiourea and ether groups into MQ silicone resin polymer via free radical polymerization, a polyether-thiourea-siloxane (PTS) copolymer was synthesized. The characterization of the synthesized copolymer indicated the occurrence of H-bonding interactions and a narrow molecular weight polydispersity index. Antifouling coatings were produced by incorporating the synthesized copolymer and phenylmethylsilicone oil (PSO). The addition of a minute amount of copolymer enhanced the hydrophobicity of the coating by increasing its surface roughness. However, excessive addition of copolymer resulted in a significant deterioration of the coating surface smoothness. The copolymer improved the mechanical properties of the coating, but excessive addition decreased the crosslinking density and weakened the mechanical performance. With increasing copolymer addition, the leaching of PSO was significantly improved due to the change in the storage form of PSO in the coating caused by the copolymer. Based on the H-bonding interaction of the copolymer, the adhesion strength between the coating and the substrate was significantly improved. However, excessive addition of copolymer did not infinitely enhance the adhesion strength. The antifouling performance demonstrated that an appropriate amount of copolymer could obtain adequate PSO leaching efficiency, thereby effectively enhancing the antifouling performance of the coating. In this study, the prepared coating P12 (12 g of PTS in 100 g of PDMS) showed the most effective antifouling performance.
Synthesis of Non-Aromatic Pyrroles Based on the Reaction of Carbonyl Derivatives of Acetylene with 3,3-Diaminoacrylonitriles
Authors: Silaichev Pavel S. , Dianova Lidia N. , Beryozkina Tetyana V. , Berseneva Vera S. , Maslivets Andrey N. , Bakulev Vasiliy A.
Published: April 2023

The reaction of 3,3-diaminoacrylonitriles with DMAD and 1,2-dibenzoylacetylene was studied. It is shown that the direction of the reaction depends on the structure both of acetylene and of diaminoacrylonitrile. In the reaction of DMAD with acrylonitriles bearing a monosubstituted amidine group, 1-substituted 5-amino-2-oxo-pyrrole-3(2H)ylidenes are formed. On the other hand, a similar reaction of acrylonitriles containing the N,N-dialkylamidine group affords 1-NH-5-aminopyrroles. In both cases, pyrroles containing two exocyclic double bonds are formed in high yields. A radically different type of pyrroles containing one exocyclic C=C bond and sp3 hybrid carbon in the cycle is formed in reactions of 3,3-diaminoacrylonitriles with 1,2-diaroylacetylenes. As in reactions with DMAD, the interaction of 3,3-diaminoacrylonitriles with 1,2-dibenzoylacetylene can lead, depending on the structure of the amidine fragment, both to NH- and 1-substituted pyrroles. The formation of the obtained pyrrole derivatives is explained by the proposed mechanisms of the studied reactions.
Interface Bonding Properties of CrAlSiN-Coated Cemented Carbides Doped with CeO2 and Y2O3 Rare Earth Oxides
Authors: Yang Junru , Yue Yanping , Wang Yan , Zhang Yuekan
Published: April 2023

This study performed first-principle-based calculations of the interface adhesion work in interface models of three terminal systems: CrAlSiNSi/WC-Co, CrAlSiNN/WC-Co, and CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co. The results proved that the CrAlSiNSi/WC-Co and CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co interface models had the highest and lowest interface adhesion work values (4.312 and 2.536 J·m−2), respectively. Thus, the latter model had the weakest interface bonding property. On this basis, rare earth oxides CeO2 and Y2O3 were doped into the Al terminal model (CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co). Then, doping models of CeO2 and Y2O3 doped on the WC/WC, WC/Co, and CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co interfaces were established. The adhesion work value was calculated for the interfaces in each doping model. When CeO2 and Y2O3 were doped in the WC/WC and CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co interfaces, four doping models were constructed, each model contains interfaces withreduced adhesion work values, indicating deteriorated interface bonding properties. When the WC/Co interface was doped with CeO2 and Y2O3, the interface adhesion work values of the two doping models are both increased, and Y2O3 doping improved the bonding properties of the Al terminal model (CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co) more significantly than CeO2 doping. Next, the charge density difference and the average Mulliken bond population were estimated. The WC/WC and CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co interfaces doped with CeO2 or Y2O3, with decreased adhesion work, exhibited low electron cloud superposition and reduced values of charge transfer, average bond population, and interatomic interaction. When the WC/Co interface was doped with CeO2 or Y2O3, superposition of the atomic charge densities of electron clouds was consistently observed at the CrAlSiNAl/WC-Co interface in the CrAlSiNAl/WC/CeO2/Co and CrAlSiNAl/WC/Y2O3/Co models; the atomic interactions were strong, and the interface bonding strength increased. When the WC/Co interface was doped with Y2O3, the superposition of atomic charge densities and the atomic interactions were stronger than for CeO2 doping. In addition, the average Mulliken bond population and the atomic stability were also higher, and the doping effect was better.
Modulating the Graphitic Domains and Pore Structure of Corncob-Derived Hard Carbons by Pyrolysis to Improve Sodium Storage
Authors: Song Ning-Jing , Guo Nannan , Ma Canliang , Zhao Yun , Li Wanxi , Li Boqiong
Published: April 2023

Biomass-derived hard carbon materials are considered as the most promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their abundant sources, environmental friendliness, and excellent electrochemical performance. Although much research exists on the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the microstructure of hard carbon materials, there are few reports that focus on the development of pore structure during the pyrolysis process. In this study, corncob is used as the raw material to synthesize hard carbon at a pyrolysis temperature of 1000~1600 °C, and their interrelationationship between pyrolysis temperature, microstructure and sodium storage properties are systematically studied. With the pyrolysis temperature increasing from 1000 °C to 1400 °C, the number of graphite microcrystal layers increases, the long-range order degree rises, and the pore structure shows a larger size and wide distribution. The specific capacity, the initial coulomb efficiency, and the rate performance of hard carbon materials improve simultaneously. However, as the pyrolysis temperature rises further to 1600 °C, the graphite-like layer begins to curl, and the number of graphite microcrystal layers reduces. In return, the electrochemical performance of the hard carbon material decreases. This model of pyrolysis temperatures–microstructure–sodium storage properties will provide a theoretical basis for the research and application of biomass hard carbon materials in SIBs.
The Photocatalytic Activity of CaTiO3 Derived from the Microwave-Melting Heating Process of Blast Furnace Slag
Authors: Xie Jun , Ye Qing , Zhou Jianghao , Liao Yue , Qian Gongming
Published: April 2023

The extraction of titanium-bearing components in the form of CaTiO3 is an efficient utilization of blast furnace slag. The photocatalytic performance of this obtained CaTiO3 (MM-CaTiO3) as a catalyst for methylene blue (MB) degradation was evaluated in this study. The analyses indicated that the MM-CaTiO3 had a completed structure with a special length–diameter ratio. Furthermore, the oxygen vacancy was easier to generate on a MM-CaTiO3(110) plane during the photocatalytic process, contributing to improving photocatalytic activity. Compared with traditional catalysts, MM-CaTiO3 has a narrower optical band gap and visible-light responsive performance. The degradation experiments further confirmed that the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of pollutants by using MM-CaTiO3 was 3.2 times that of pristine CaTiO3 in optimized conditions. Combined with molecular simulation, the degradation mechanism clarified that acridine of MB molecular was stepwise destroyed by using MM-CaTiO3 in short times, which is different from demethylation and methylenedioxy ring degradation by using TiO2. This study provided a promising routine for using solid waste to obtain catalysts with excellent photocatalytic activity and was found to be in keeping with sustainable environmental development.
Controllable Synthesis of Sheet-Flower ZnO for Low Temperature NO2 Sensor
Authors: Bai Mingjia , Li Chaoyang , Zhao Xiaojun , Wang Qingji , Pan Qinhe
Published: April 2023

ZnO is a wide band gap semiconductor metal oxide that not only has excellent electrical properties but also shows excellent gas-sensitive properties and is a promising material for the development of NO2 sensors. However, the current ZnO-based gas sensors usually operate at high temperatures, which greatly increases the energy consumption of the sensors and is not conducive to practical applications. Therefore, there is a need to improve the gas sensitivity and practicality of ZnO-based gas sensors. In this study, three-dimensional sheet-flower ZnO was successfully synthesized at 60 °C by a simple water bath method and modulated by different malic acid concentrations. The phase formation, surface morphology, and elemental composition of the prepared samples were studied by various characterization techniques. The gas sensor based on sheet-flower ZnO has a high response value to NO2 without any modification. The optimal operating temperature is 125 °C, and the response value to 1 ppm NO2 is 125. At the same time, the sensor also has a lower detection limit (100 ppb), good selectivity, and good stability, showing excellent sensing performance. In the future, water bath-based methods are expected to prepare other metal oxide materials with unique structures.
Hierarchically Developed Ni(OH)2@MgCo2O4 Nanosheet Composites for Boosting Supercapacitor Performance
Authors: Arbi Hammad Mueen , Koyyada Ganesh , Anil Kumar Yedluri , Kumar Kulurumotlakatla Dasha , Kim Jae Hong , Moniruzzaman Md , Alzahmi Salem , Obaidat Ihab M.
Published: April 2023

MgCo2O4 nanomaterial is thought to be a promising candidate for renewable energy storage and conversions. Nevertheless, the poor stability performances and small specific areas of transition-metal oxides remain a challenge for supercapacitor (SC) device applications. In this study, sheet-like Ni(OH)2@MgCo2O4 composites were hierarchically developed on nickel foam (NF) using the facile hydrothermal process with calcination technology, under carbonization reactions. The combination of the carbon–amorphous layer and porous Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles was anticipated to enhance the stability performances and energy kinetics. The Ni(OH)2@MgCo2O4 nanosheet composite achieved a superior specific capacitance of 1287 F g−1 at a current value of 1 A g−1, which is higher than that of pure Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles and MgCo2O4 nanoflake samples. At a current density of 5 A g−1, the Ni(OH)2@MgCo2O4 nanosheet composite delivered an outstanding cycling stability of 85.6%, which it retained over 3500 long cycles with an excellent rate of capacity of 74.5% at 20 A g−1. These outcomes indicate that such a Ni(OH)2@MgCo2O4 nanosheet composite is a good contender as a novel battery-type electrode material for high-performance SCs.
Aspergillus welwitschiae BK Isolate Ameliorates the Physicochemical Characteristics and Mineral Profile of Maize under Salt Stress
Authors: Gul Humaira , Ali Raid , Rauf Mamoona , Hamayun Muhammad , Arif Muhammad , Khan Sumera Afzal , Parveen Zahida , Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad , Lee In-Jung
Published: April 2023

Abiotic stressors are global limiting constraints for plant growth and development. The most severe abiotic factor for plant growth suppression is salt. Among many field crops, maize is more vulnerable to salt, which inhibits the growth and development of plants and results in low productivity or even crop loss under extreme salinity. Consequently, comprehending the effects of salt stress on maize crop improvement, while retaining high productivity and applying mitigation strategies, is essential for achieving the long-term objective of sustainable food security. This study aimed to exploit the endophytic fungal microbe; Aspergillus welwitschiae BK isolate for the growth promotion of maize under severe salinity stress. Current findings showed that salt stress (200 mM) negatively affected chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, and endogenous IAA, with enhanced values of chlorophyll a/b ratio, carotenoids, total protein, total sugars, total lipids, secondary metabolites (phenol, flavonoids, tannins), antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase), proline content, and lipid peroxidation in maize plants. However, BK inoculation reversed the negative impact of salt stress by rebalancing the chlorophyll a/b ratio, carotenoids, total protein, total sugars, total lipids, secondary metabolites (phenol, flavonoids, tannins), antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase), and proline content to optimal levels suitable for growth promotion and ameliorating salt stress in maize plants. Furthermore, maize plants inoculated with BK under salt stress had lower Na+, Cl− concentrations, lower Na+/K+ and Na+/Ca2+ ratios, and higher N, P, Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+ content than non-inoculated plants. The BK isolate improved the salt tolerance by modulating physiochemical attributes, and the root-to-shoot translocation of ions and mineral elements, thereby rebalancing the Na+/K+, Na+/Ca2+ ratio of maize plants under salt stress.
The Salt Tolerance–Related Protein (STRP) Is a Positive Regulator of the Response to Salt Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Fiorillo Anna , Manai Michela , Visconti Sabina , Camoni Lorenzo
Published: April 2023

Salt stress is a major abiotic stress limiting plant survival and crop productivity. Plant adaptation to salt stress involves complex responses, including changes in gene expression, regulation of hormone signaling, and production of stress-responsive proteins. The Salt Tolerance–Related Protein (STRP) has been recently characterized as a Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA)–like, intrinsically disordered protein involved in plant responses to cold stress. In addition, STRP has been proposed as a mediator of salt stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana, but its role has still to be fully clarified. Here, we investigated the role of STRP in salt stress responses in A. thaliana. The protein rapidly accumulates under salt stress due to a reduction of proteasome–mediated degradation. Physiological and biochemical responses of the strp mutant and STRP–overexpressing (STRP OE) plants demonstrate that salt stress impairs seed germination and seedling development more markedly in the strp mutant than in A. thaliana wild type (wt). At the same time, the inhibitory effect is significantly reduced in STRP OE plants. Moreover, the strp mutant has a lower ability to counteract oxidative stress, cannot accumulate the osmocompatible solute proline, and does not increase abscisic acid (ABA) levels in response to salinity stress. Accordingly, the opposite effect was observed in STRP OE plants. Overall, obtained results suggest that STRP performs its protective functions by reducing the oxidative burst induced by salt stress, and plays a role in the osmotic adjustment mechanisms required to preserve cellular homeostasis. These findings propose STRP as a critical component of the response mechanisms to saline stress in A. thaliana.
A New Method for Fractionation and Characterization of Polyphenols and Tannins from Grapevine Leaf Tissue
Authors: Sommer Stephan , Salie Marnelle , Garcia Esteban , Reyes Anthony , Ebersole Steven C. , Naegele Rachel P. , Van Zyl Sonet
Published: April 2023

Plants accumulate different types of phenolic material in their tissue as a response to biotic as well as abiotic stress. Monomeric polyphenols and smaller oligomers can serve as protection against ultraviolet radiation or prevent oxidative tissue damage, while larger molecules such as tannins can be the plant’s reaction to an infection or physical damage. Therefore, characterization, profiling, and quantification of diverse phenolics can provide valuable information about the plant and the stress status at any given time. A method was developed that allows the extraction of polyphenols and tannins from leaf tissue, followed by fractionation and quantification. Extraction was performed with liquid nitrogen and 30% acetate-buffered ethanol. The method was tested with four cultivars under varying extraction conditions (solvent strength and temperature) and showed great improvements of the chromatography that would otherwise be impacted by tannins. The separation of tannins from smaller polyphenols was achieved by bovine serum albumin precipitation and resuspension in a urea-triethanolamine buffer. Tannins were reacted with ferric chloride and analyzed spectrophotometrically. Monomeric non-protein-precipitable polyphenols were then analyzed via HPLC-DAD from the supernatant of the precipitation sample. This way, a more complete spectrum of compounds can be analyzed from the same plant tissue extract. With the fractionation suggested here, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavan-3-ols can be separated and quantified with good accuracy and precision. Possible applications include the assessment of plant stress and response monitoring using the total concentrations of polyphenols and tannins, as well as the ratios between those compound classes.
Climate Overrides the Influence of Microsite Conditions on Radial Growth of the Tall Multi-Stemmed Shrub Alnus alnobetula at Treeline
Authors: Oberhuber Walter , Dobler Anna-Lena , Heinzle Tamara , Scandurra Francesca , Gruber Andreas , Wieser Gerhard
Published: April 2023

Green alder (Alnus alnobetula), a tall multi-stemmed deciduous shrub, is widespread at high elevations in the Central European Alps. Its growth form frequently leads to asymmetric radial growth and anomalous growth ring patterns, making development of representative ring-width series a challenge. In order to assess the variability among radii of one shoot, among shoots belonging to one stock and among stocks, 60 stem discs were sampled at treeline on Mt. Patscherkofel (Tyrol, Austria). Annual increments were measured along 188 radii and analyzed in terms of their variability by applying dendrochronological techniques. Results revealed a high agreement in ring-width variation among radii of one shoot, among shoots of one stock and largely among stocks from different sites, confirming the pronounced limitation of radial stem growth by climate forcing at the alpine treeline. In contrast to this, a high variability in both absolute growth rates and long-term growth trends was found, which we attribute to different microsite conditions and disturbances. These factors also override climate control of radial growth under growth-limiting environmental conditions. Based on our findings we provide recommendations for the number of samples needed to carry out inter- and intra-annual studies of radial growth in this multi-stemmed clonal shrub.
Plasticity in the Morphology of Growing Bamboo: A Bayesian Analysis of Exogenous Treatment Effects on Plant Height, Internode Length, and Internode Numbers
Authors: Wu Chongyang , Bai Yucong , Cao Zhihua , Xu Junlei , Xie Yali , Zheng Huifang , Jiang Jutang , Mu Changhong , Cheng Wenlong , Fang Hui , Gao Jian
Published: April 2023

Sucrose (Suc) and gibberellin (GA) can promote the elongation of certain internodes in bamboo. However, there is a lack of field studies to support these findings and no evidence concerning how Suc and GA promote the plant height of bamboo by regulating the internode elongation and number. We investigated the plant height, the length of each internode, and the total number of internodes of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) under exogenous Suc, GA, and control group (CTRL) treatments in the field and analyzed how Suc and GA affected the height of Moso bamboo by promoting the internode length and number. The lengths of the 10th–50th internodes were significantly increased under the exogenous Suc and GA treatments, and the number of internodes was significantly increased by the exogenous Suc treatment. The increased effect of Suc and GA exogenous treatment on the proportion of longer internodes showed a weakening trend near the plant height of 15–16 m compared with the CTRL, suggesting that these exogenous treatments may be more effective in regions where bamboo growth is suboptimal. This study demonstrated that both the exogenous Suc and GA treatments could promote internode elongation of Moso bamboo in the field. The exogenous GA treatment had a stronger effect on internode elongation, and the exogenous Suc treatment had a stronger effect on increasing the internode numbers. The increase in plant height by the exogenous Suc and GA treatments was promoted by the co-elongation of most internodes or the increase in the proportion of longer internodes.
Sideritis scardica Extracts Demonstrate Neuroprotective Activity against Aβ25–35 Toxicity
Authors: Ververis Antonis , Ioannou Kristia , Kyriakou Sotiris , Violaki Niki , Panayiotidis Mihalis I. , Plioukas Michael , Christodoulou Kyproula
Published: April 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative condition, primarily affecting seniors. Despite the significant time and money spent over the past few decades, no therapy has been developed yet. In recent years, the research has focused on ameliorating the cytotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates and the increased elevated oxidative stress, two interconnected main AD hallmarks. Medicinal plants constitute a large pool for identifying bioactive compounds or mixtures with a therapeutic effect. Sideritis scardica (SS) has been previously characterized as neuroprotective toward AD. We investigated this ability of SS by generating eight distinct solvent fractions, which were chemically characterized and assessed for their antioxidant and neuroprotective potential. The majority of the fractions were rich in phenolics and flavonoids, and all except one showed significant antioxidant activity. Additionally, four SS extracts partly rescued the viability in Aβ25–35-treated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, with the initial aqueous extract being the most potent and demonstrating similar activity in retinoic-acid-differentiated cells as well. These extracts were rich in neuroprotective substances, such as apigenin, myricetin-3-galactoside, and ellagic acid. Our findings indicate that specific SS mixtures can benefit the pharmaceutical industry to develop herbal drugs and functional food products that may alleviate AD.
Learning Representative Features by Deep Attention Network for 3D Point Cloud Registration
Authors: Xia Xiaokai , Fan Zhiqiang , Xiao Gang , Chen Fangyue , Liu Yu , Hu Yiheng
Published: April 2023

Three-dimensional point cloud registration, which aims to find the transformation that best aligns two point clouds, is a widely studied problem in computer vision with a wide spectrum of applications, such as underground mining. Many learning-based approaches have been developed and have demonstrated their effectiveness for point cloud registration. Particularly, attention-based models have achieved outstanding performance due to the extra contextual information captured by attention mechanisms. To avoid the high computation cost brought by attention mechanisms, an encoder–decoder framework is often employed to hierarchically extract the features where the attention module is only applied in the middle. This leads to the compromised effectiveness of the attention module. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel model with the attention layers embedded in both the encoder and decoder stages. In our model, the self-attentional layers are applied in the encoder to consider the relationship between points inside each point cloud, while the decoder utilizes cross-attentional layers to enrich features with contextual information. Extensive experiments conducted on public datasets prove that our model is able to achieve quality results on a registration task.
CFD Simulation and Optimal Design of a New Parabolic–Shaped Guided Valve Tray
Authors: Ye Qiliang , Wang Chenyu , Sun Hao , Li Yu’an , Yuan Peiqing
Published: April 2023

A new parabolic–shaped guided valve tray is proposed. The gas–liquid two–phase flow of parabolic and conventional rectangular guided valve trays is simulated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The clear liquid height on the tray was predicted for different combinations of the superficial gas velocity, liquid flow intensity and weir height. The predicted values were in good agreement with the calculated ones. The parabolic–shaped guided valve tray has a more uniform flow form by comparing the gas–liquid two–phase flow behavior of parabolic and rectangular guided valve trays: the liquid level difference is slight, the guiding effect is strong, and the re–mixing phenomenon is improved. Further modeling and simulations were conducted for nine parabolic–shaped guided valve trays of different function expressions. The optimum valve structure is the parabolic–shaped guided valve of the a–value at 0.075 and the t–value at 26.
An Exploratory Investigation of Garments’ Production Countries of Origin (COOs) Disclosure to Consumers
Authors: Creux-Martelli Ambre , Riemens Joséphine , Lemieux Andrée-Anne
Published: April 2023

For legislative and managerial purposes, brands are increasingly transparent in disclosing more information on the countries of origin (COOs) involved in their products’ production. This study aims to further research what information regarding the COOs involved in the production of a garment must be communicated to consumers, and how such information should be communicated. To this end, a questionnaire survey was performed with a panel of 103 consumers, followed by the sharing of experimental products’ webpages with an additional panel of nine consumers in France. The webpage was accessed via a QR code. The study shows that several preconceived notions drive consumers’ perceptions, and, in fact, additional information regarding COOs does not overcome stereotypes.
SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies to B.1 and to BA.5 Variant after Booster Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine in HIV Patients COVID-Naïve and on Successful Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Vicenti Ilaria , Basso Monica , Pirola Nicole , Bragato Beatrice , Rossi Maria Cristina , Giobbia Mario , Pascoli Susanna , Vinci Antonio , Caputo Sara , Varasi Ilenia , Biba Camilla , Fiaschi Lia , Zazzi Maurizio , Parisi Saverio Giuseppe
Published: April 2023

Live virus neutralization is the gold standard to investigate immunity. This prospective observational study aimed to determine the magnitude of response against the original B.1 lineage and against the BA.5 lineage six months after the third BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine dose in patients with HIV infection on successful antiretroviral treatment and no previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 100 subjects (M/F 83/17, median age 54 years) were included in the analysis: 95 had plasma HIV RNA <40 copies/mL, the median CD4+ T cell count at the administration of the third dose was 580 cells/mm3, and the median nadir CD4+ T cell count was 258 cells/mm3. Neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) against B.1 were detectable in all the subjects, but those to BA.5 were only detected in 88 (p < 0.001). The median NtAb titer to B.1 was significantly higher than that to BA.5 (393 vs. 60, p < 0.0001), and there was a strong positive correlation between the paired measurements (p < 0.0001). Linear regression on a subset of 87 patients excluding outlier NtAb titers showed that 48% of the changes in NtAb titers to BA.5 are related to the changes in value titers to B.1. SARS-CoV-2 variants evolve rapidly, challenging the efficacy of vaccines, and data on comparative NtAb responses may help in tailoring intervals between vaccine doses and in predicting vaccine efficacy.
Frequency and severity of meteoropathic reactions in patients with excess body weight associated with cardiovascular diseases
Authors:   FSBI National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Knyazeva T. A. , Yakovlev M. Yu. ,   FSBI National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Grishechkina I. A. ,   FSBI National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Nikitin M. V. ,   Resort Complex «Vulan», Scientific and Clinical Branch of the FSBI National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Arkhipo-Osipovka, Gelendzhik, Krasnodar Region, Russia, Abramova B. Yu. ,   FSBI National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2023

Obesity is a widespread multifactorial, multisystem disease associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Dosed physical activity is one of the main therapeutic measures for this category of patients. The combination of physical training with climatotherapy (terrain therapy) accumulates a therapeutic effect. However, it is necessary to take into account the external meteorological conditions and meteotropic reactions that occur in patients, which can neutralize the achieved therapeutic effect. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of meteoropathic reactions in patients who arrived for resort treatment, their association with comorbidities,and interdependence with the region of permanent residence. In order to determine the severity of meteoropathic reactions and their main manifestations, a cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 735 patients with a body mass index of 25–29.9 kg/m2 or higher who were treated at the Resort Complex «Vulan» in the period from February 1, 2021 to April 1, 2022. As a tool for assessing meteoropathic reactions, a retrospective questionnaire «Meteoropathy» (research work No. A AAA-A18‑118022890045‑6) was used.
Comparación de sistemas suspendidos de flujo pasivo y forzado para el preengorde de semilla de almeja babosa Venerupis corrugata (Gmelin, 1971), en la Ría de Arousa, España
Authors: Lastres Couto Miguel , Da costa Fiz , Andrés María del Carmen , Cid Emilio , Novoa Susana , Ojeda Justa , Martinez Patiño Dorotea
Published: April 2023

Se comparó el crecimiento y supervivencia de semillas de almeja babosa Venerupis corrugata (Gmelin, 1971) en tres sistemas suspendidos de preengorde partiendo de una tasa de ocupación de 59 individuos cm-2 de densidad inicial. Se probaron dos de flujo pasivo (linternas y pochones) y uno de flujo forzado en bidones con air-lift, en el que se mantuvo un caudal mínimo de agua de 72 L min-1. Al cabo de 114 días de cultivo se registraron resultados muy superiores en el crecimiento en peso en el sistema de flujo activo en el nivel inferior, y las linternas se mostraron más efectivas que el sistema con pochones horizontales. La mortalidad entre muestreos fue reducida, a excepción de la mortalidad registrada en el último muestreo en el sistema de bidones con air-lift en el nivel superior. El sistema de flujo forzado en air-lift es el más indicado para el preengorde suspendido de almeja babosa en lugares donde está disponible el suministro eléctrico.
Exploración del perfil axiológico y formación profesional en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: García-López Irma Eugenia , Abundis de León Felipe
Published: April 2023

Este artículo expone la relación entre la formación profesional y el desarrollo humano, a través del estudio de dos comunidades universitarias que exploran el perfil axiológico del alumno para reflexionar sobre las posibles implicaciones en la consolidación de instituciones y estructuras sociales en profesionistas. Para ello, mediante un muestreo por conveniencia del Estudios de valores propuesto por Allport, Vernon, y Lindzey (2001) se aplicó con fines expositivos, no representativos, para identificar las escalas de valores de los alumnos y comparar qué guía su actuar, fruto de la formación. Resultado importante fue la similitud de los perfiles axiológicos de ambos casos salvo mínimas diferencias; presentaron una jerarquía axiológica similar a pesar de estar en contextos diferentes. Asimismo, llamó la atención el bajo nivel del valor religioso en las dos comunidades.
PALABRAS CLAVE: formación profesional; sistema de valores; ética; institucionalización.
Exploration of the axiological profile and professional training in university students
ABSTRACT
This chapter exposes the relationship between professional training and human development, through the study of two university communities that explore the axiological profile of the student to reflect on the possible implications in the consolidation of institutions and social structures in professionals. For this, the convenience sampling of the Values Studies proposed by Allport, Vernon, and Lindzey (2001) was applied for expository, non-representative purposes to identify the students' value scales and compare what guides their actions as a result of the training. An important result was the similarity of the axiological profiles of both cases except for minor differences; presented a similar axiological hierarchy despite being in different contexts. Likewise, the low level of religious value in the two communities drew attention.
KEYWORDS: vocational training; values system; ethics; institutionalization.
Rol del docente creativo en la enseñanza de la comunicación verbal
Authors: Quintero Cevallos Katherine Tatiana , Game Varas Cinthya Isabel
Published: April 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el rol del docente creativo en la enseñanza de la comunicación verbal en el bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Francisco Pacheco; debido a que a pesar de cursar ya el siglo XXI y en la era de la tecnología los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje siguen planteándose de forma expositiva y magistral, lo que se evidencia en el débil manejo de técnicas de aprendizaje y en un bajo desarrollo en la comunicación verbal. La metodología tuvo un enfoque cuali-cuantitativa en la que se describió la problemática que surge de la necesidad educativa identificada que viven los estudiantes en el ámbito de educación por un débil rol del docente que en muchos casos carece de creatividad lo que afecta la enseñanza de la comunicación verbal en los estudiantes del bachillerato. La población correspondiente a esta investigación la conformaron los docentes del bachillerato de la institución educativa en estudio, la técnica utilizada fue la entrevista y la encuesta; de los resultados obtenidos se concluye que las competencias del docente creativo son elementos fundamentales al momento de propiciar una adecuada comunicación verbal en los estudiantes , no solo basta con el conocimiento metodológico y de planificación de las sesiones de clase, se requiere de elementos subjetivos como la motivación y la vocación para incentivar a los educandos.
PALABRAS CLAVE: creatividad; bachillerato; comunicación verbal; rol del docente.
Role of the creative teacher in teaching verbal communication
ABSTRACT
The present research aimed to analyze the role of the creative teacher in the teaching of verbal communication in the high school of the Francisco Pacheco Educational Unit; Due to the fact that despite being in the 21st century and in the era of technology, the teaching-learning processes continue to be presented in an expository and magisterial way, which is evidenced in the weak handling of learning techniques and in a low development in the Verbal communication. The methodology had a qualitative-quantitative approach in which the problems arising from the identified educational need experienced by students in the field of education were described due to a weak role of the teacher who in many cases lacks creativity, which affects the teaching of verbal communication in high school students. The population corresponding to this research was made up of the high school teachers of the educational institution under study, the technique used was the interview and the survey; From the results obtained, it is concluded that the competences of the creative teacher are fundamental elements when promoting adequate verbal communication in students, not only is the methodological knowledge and planning of class sessions enough, subjective elements such as the motivation and vocation to encourage learners.
KEYWORDS: creativity; high school; Verbal communication; teacher's role.
Aplicación del arte dramático en el desarrollo de la identidad y autonomía en niños de educación inicial
Authors: Solórzano María Karina , Zambrano Loor Tania Miladi
Published: April 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo, analizar la aplicación del arte dramático y su incidencia en el desarrollo de la identidad y autonomía en niños de educación inicial del Cantón Chone; El trabajo se ejecutó bajo un enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, fue de tipo exploratoria y bibliográfico. La información teórica se fundamentó mediante los métodos analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo. Para la recolección de datos se acudió a las técnicas de encuesta y entrevista aplicadas a docentes de educación inicial y un experto en el área, obteniendo bases estadísticas con resultados porcentuales de la información recopilada. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los docentes tienen conocimientos del tema de estudio e implementan actividades y técnicas teatrales en las aulas. Se concluye que, es vital aplicar  el arte dramático en la educación inicial para desarrollar la identidad-autonomía en niños y niñas de 3 a 5 años, puesto que aporta en la formación integral, estimulando las esferas de la creatividad, imaginación, sensibilidad, espontaneidad y otras formas de expresión; el niño encuentra satisfacción emocional  permitiéndole relacionarse con sus pares, aprendiendo a trabajar de manera cooperativa, desarrollando todas sus habilidades motoras, sociales y emocionales, evidenciando cambios positivos al momento de enfrentar al mundo de manera independiente y segura
PALABRAS CLAVE: Arte dramático; identidad y autonomía; formación integral; formas de expresión.
Application of dramatic art in the development of identity and autonomy in early childhood children
The objective of this research was to analyze the application of dramatic art and its incidence in the development of identity and autonomy in children of initial education in Chone city; The work was carried out under a qualitative-quantitative approach, it was a kind of exploratory and bibliographic. The theoretical information was based on analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive methods. For data collection, survey and interview techniques applied to early childhood teachers and an expert in the area, getting statistical bases with percentage results of the information collected. The results obtained indicate that teachers have knowledge of the subject of study and implement theatrical activities and techniques in the classrooms. It is concluded that it is vital to apply dramatic art in initial education to develop identity and autonomy in boys and girls from 3 to 5 years old, since it contributes to comprehensive training, stimulating the spheres of creativity, imagination, sensitivity, spontaneity and other forms of expression; The child finds emotional satisfaction allowing him to interact with his peers, learning to work cooperatively, developing all his motor, social and emotional skills, showing positive changes when facing the world independently and safely.
KEYWORDS: Dramatic art; identity and autonomy; integral formation; forms of expression.
Desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas en estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Bravo Zambrano Génices Narcisa , Enríquez Caro Lázaro Clodoaldo
Published: April 2023

El trabajo aborda el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas de estudiantes con Discapacidad Intelectual (DI) que asisten a la Unidad Educativa Especializada María Buitrón de Zumárraga de la ciudad de Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador.  Se realizó una estudio mixto de corte transversal descriptivo, con el propósito de identificar cuáles son las necesidades comunicativas que presentan actualmente los participantes, la muestra estuvo  integrada por  20 escolares con DI del nivel medio de educación. Se aplicó un instrumento “ad hoc” con una consistencia interna evaluada con  Alfa de Cronbach = 0,87.  Entre los principales resultados se estableció que los estudiantes manifestaron inicialmente  un bajo nivel de habilidades comunicativa, el confinamiento ocasionado por el Covid-19, afectó aún más su comunicación, al solo interactuar con otros en el contexto docente a través de una pantalla, al concluir el aislamiento ellos  se vinculan poco en  las actividades realizadas por profesores por lo que aún se les dificultan la interacción con otras personas ajenas a su círculo familiar, esto genera la necesidad de intervenir en el desarrollo de sus habilidades comunicativas
PALABRAS CLAVES: Discapacidad Intelectual; habilidades comunicativas; comunicación.
Development of communication skills in students with intellectual disabilities
ABSTRACT
The work addresses the development of the communicative skills of students with Intellectual Disability (ID) who attend the María Buitrón de Zumárraga Specialized Educational Unit in the city of Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador.  A mixed descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, with the purpose of identifying what are the communicative needs that the participants currently present, the sample was composed of 20 schoolchildren with ID of the middle level of education. An "ad hoc" instrument was applied with an internal consistency evaluated with Cronbach's Alpha = 0.87.  Among the main results it was established that the students initially manifested a low level of communicative skills, the confinement caused by Covid-19, further affected their communication, by only interacting with others in the teaching context through a screen, at the end of the isolation they are little linked in the activities carried out by teachers, this generates the need to intervene in the development of their communication skills
KEYWORDS: Intellectual disability; communication skills; communication.
Validez de la ultrasonografía en el diagnóstico del bajo peso al nacer
Authors: Díaz Espinoza Ana Gabriela , Tapia Cárdenas Jeanneth Patricia , Cajamarca Cárdenas Tania Ximena , Salazar Torres Zoila Katherine , Espinosa Martín Lizette
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue validar la ultrasonografía en el diagnóstico de bajo peso al nacimiento en pacientes del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga en el periodo 2018 – 2019. Se trata de validación diagnóstica. Se incluyeron 236 expedientes clínicos de recien nacidos cuya antropometría ecográfica haya sido tomada por el método Hadlock. La información fue analizada mediante el programa estadístico SPSS versión 15.0, aplicándose estadística descriptiva, se presentaron los resultados de frecuencia y porcentaje o medidas de tendencia central y dispersión dependiendo dela variable analizada, en cuanto a la evaluación predictiva de la curva ROC, se determinó sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo. Se observó que el 90,3% de mujeres tenían edades entre 20 a 39 años, un 47% eran casadas, el 41,9% tenían instrucción educativa secundaria, el 52,5% residían en áreas rurales. El 82,2% de gestantes presentaron una edad gestacional por fecha última de menstruación o ecografía temprana una gestación a término, el 90,7% tuvieron ≥ 5 controles prenatales, el 4,2% de gestantes tuvieron antecedentes previos de recien nacidos con bajo peso. Entre las características antropométricas el 64% presento un peso mayor a 2.500 gr y solo el 4,2% fueron considerados como prematuros según el cálculo de Capurro. Los valores de sensibilidad fueron de 85,88% y de especificidad 74,17%, con VPN de 90,32% y VPP de 65,18%. El cálculo de peso por ecografía resultó ser una prueba diagnóstica con un adecuado valor diagnóstico con significación estadística (AUC: 0,85; valor p: 0,000) en relación a la predicción del bajo peso al nacer.
¿QUIÉN LLORA POR ARGENTINA? ELECCIONES EN MEDIO DE LA CRISIS
Authors: Stefanoni Pablo
Published: April 2023

Argentina inició su año electoral, en medio de una fuerte crisis económica y social. Con las encuestas del lado de la oposición de centroderecha, el peronismo busca encontrar un rumbo tras el deslucido gobierno de Alberto Fernández, marcado por las desavenencias con su vicepresidenta Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Del lado de la oposición de centro-derecha, las primarias determinarán si será un “halcón” o una “paloma” quien busque reconquistar la Casa Rosada. Del lado del peronismo, parece haber demasiadas opciones y ninguna a la vez, mientras un tercer candidato de extrema derecha busca captar en su favor el clima de desasosiego dominante.