bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Florogenetic signals with increasing tourist activity in the Pribaikalsky National Park
Authors: Belykh Olga , Verkhozina Elena , Khudonogova Elena , Teryusheva Svetlana , Verkhozina Valentina
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the topical issue of studying and conservation of biodiversity of the unique natural territory of the western shore of Lake Baikal, which is located in the northern part of the Small Sea. Small Sea. The increase in tourist flow will change the habitats habitats of red-listed and endemic species of the Pribaikalsky National Park (PNP). National Park (PNP). Climatic and edaphic characteristics of the study area are given. Ecological characteristics and floristic richness ecological characteristics and floristic richness of the habitats of plant species in the PNP. Habitats of plant species in the PNP. Describes plant communities successional type plant communities in anthropogenically disturbed areas are described. Causes of anthropogenic impact and recommendations for restoration of natural communities are given. Restoration of natural communities. An assessment is made observed changes and the effect of human activity. Materials of the research are applicable for creation of informational basis for decision-making on prevention of negative consequences of construction of tourist facilities and ecological safety of Lake Baikal.
Development of the method of remote sensing of low-concentration gases of the atmosphere taking into account the humidity fluctuations of the air
Authors: Aliyeva Yegana , Mammadova Kifayat , Huseynova Aygun
Published: March 2024

The emergence of strong desert vortices covering large areas, including the areas of large cities with dense population, the need to quickly obtain sufficient information on the state of desert ecosystems in large areas makes the application of remote sensing methods an urgent issue. At present, the method of measuring the desert aerosol using scattered solar radiation has been proposed, and the method of measuring the optical thickness of the dust aerosol has been substantiated. A new method of optimization of remote sensing systems and information-measurement systems in general is proposed in the article. A method of remote determination of aerosol optical thickness increase, which involves measuring the scattered radiation of the sun, has been proposed. The main goal of the study is to develop a remote sensing method that allows determining the dynamics and cause of the increase in aerosol optical thickness. The scientific novelty of the work is a new method that is invariant to the variations of the aerosol optical thickness under the influence of hydration and dehydration processes. By using the proposed three-wave biparametric Sun photometer, the effect of aerosol hygroscopic growth on the measurement results is eliminated.The given critical assessment of the state of atmospheric pollution monitoring and the consideration of the main shortcomings of the aerosol pollution monitoring carried out in the country will allow further improvement of such monitoring in the future. The proposed remote sensing method for determining the dynamics of aerosol optical thickness growth allows to determine the origin of aerosol optical thickness growth by measuring scattered solar radiation at two different wavelengths and in two optical air masses.
Trends of long-term fluctuations of atmospheric humidification of the growing season in the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Kusainova Aisulu , Mezentseva Olga , Tusupbekov Zhanbolat
Published: March 2024

Agriculture is an important industry in Kazakhstan that ensures the stability of economic development. Within the northern regions of the republic, crop production received special development.The relevance of studying the impact of long-term fluctuations in precipitation on crop yields increases taking into account the projected trends in climate change in the modern period. The high natural heat supply of the territory during the growing season, along with the low availability of moisture resources, is a deterrent to the intensive development of the agro-industrial complex. The territory of Northern Kazakhstan as a whole is characterized by insufficient humidification during the warm period. However, there are wet years with rare recurrence, when moisture can be increased. The article considers the peculiarities of the change in the amount of atmospheric precipitation of the growing season for the long-term period 1961-2020 years according to weather stations located within the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan. The degree of aridization of territories was established on the basis of an analysis of the nature of changes in linear trends over different intervals.
Positive experience in the application of soil- and carbon-saving agricultural technologies with the introduction of biochar in the conditions of the Russian Far East
Authors: Nesterova Olga , Bovsun Maria , Semal Viktoriia , Brikmans Anastasia , Sakara Nikolay
Published: March 2024

Based on the positive results of a long-term field experiment on the introduction of bio-coal for vegetable crops in the Primorsky Territory on soils of heavy chemical composition, its sequestration effect and positive effect on the water-physical properties of soils were proved. After the first year of application of biochar, a significant decrease in CO2 flux in the field without a drainage system was shown by 4.5% at a dose of 1 kg/m2 of biochar and by 36.6% at a dose of 3 kg/m2 of biochar compared with a site without biochar. The decrease in CO2 flux indicates the reclamation effect of biochar due to its high sorption properties affecting the sequestration capacity of the soil. After the second year of application of biochar, the greatest decrease in CO2 flux was observed when 1 kg/m2 was applied. The greatest difference between the values of the CO2 flux at the control site and the sites with the introduction of biochar was noted in September after the abnormal amount of precipitation recorded in August (521 mm). So, at the control site in September, the CO2 flux was 2,276 mg CO2 m-2 h-1, at the site with the addition of 1 kg/m2 of biochar, the CO2 flux was 560 mg CO2 m-2 h-1, at the site with the addition of 3 kg/m2 – 975 mg CO2 m-2 h-1.
The morphology of the powder contained in solid alloy used to crush underground resources
Authors: Parmonov Sarvar , Sharipov Kongratbay , Kambarov Asadjon , Khoshimkhanova Mukhayyo , Abdurimov Akbar , Mirzavaliyev Dostonbek , Yusupova Guzal
Published: March 2024

The widespread introduction of science into the production around the world, new technologies and devices are entering the industry, and this is the reason for the increase in the volume of mining of underground resources and obtaining new alloys. This article presents the scientific and practical research conducted on the properties of the powders that make up the details of the hard alloy-based device used in crushing and drilling underground resources. The morphology of ultra-disperse titanium carbide powders was studied to strengthen tungsten, carbon, and binder cobalt selected as raw materials. Ultradisperse titanium carbide powders produced at Shanghai Feiyan Industrial Development Co., Ltd. were selected. Studies conducted on the surface morphology of ultradisperse titanium carbide powders have shown that ultra-disperse titanium carbide powders have a very uniform and flat structure. Although the surface morphology at x50,000 magnification appears to contain particles approximately 100–150 nm in size, upon closer inspection of x100,000 and x150,000 images, they are monolithic. It can be seen that they are not particles.
Robotic walking module as underground mining safety device
Authors: Nikitenko Sergey , Nikitenko Mikhail , Kizilov Sergey , Khudonogov Danila
Published: March 2024

The authors studied the acting loads on the powered walking roof support in the preparatory mine and numerical modeling of stresses and deformations in the coal seam and host rocks in the preparatory face. The patterns of intensification of roof rocks displacements and the normative load on the workings support with increasing distance from the face are revealed. For additional safety maintenance authors designed remote control system allowing to control walking module from safe place. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological approach to substantiate the technical parameters of a powered walking roof support to create temporary support for roof rocks near the preparatory face, preventing the risk of collapse.
The main characteristics of the aquasoils of the Ussuri Bay of the Sea of Japan
Authors: Brikmans Anastasia , Nesterova Olga , Bovsun Maria
Published: March 2024

The manuscript presents the main characteristics of aquasoils (granulometric composition, organic carbon, acid-base properties, total nitrogen) of the shelf zone of the Ussuri Bay of the Sea of Japan. A clear relationship between the content of organic carbon and fractions of granulometric composition in the studied samples was revealed. The excess of the maximum permissible concentrations values for lead was detected for only one point. The rest of the aquasoils are not contaminated with lead.
Authentic followership in Madurese Public Organization: The role of authentic leadership
Authors: Utomo Triyo , Rosyidah Rezkiyah
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to determine the influence of authentic leadership on authentic followership in public organizations in Madura. The dimensions of authentic leadership and authentic followership are self-awareness, balanced processing, relational transparency, and internalized moral perspective. Authentic leadership and followership are important for public organizations in Madura because they can help improve organizational performance. The authors conducted a survey study on 260 samples in a Madurese public organization. The characteristics of this research sample are that they have been members of the organization for at least 2 years and carry out a subordinate role. The research measuring tools used are the Authentic Leadership Inventory [ALI] and the Authentic Followership Scale. The results of this study suggest that the hypothesis is accepted, i.e., there is a significant influence of authentic leadership on authentic followership. In addition, authentic leadership has a substantial effect size on authentic followership. Authentic leadership influences authentic followership through 10 processes. These processes are role modeling, trust and psychological safety, value alignment, empowerment, feedback and development, authentic communication, encouragement of individuality, personal growth, ethical leadership, and shared vision and meaning. The implication of the results of this research is to develop the role of leaders in organizations so that they can become authentic leaders, which will impact followers. Suggestions for further research are to identify factors other than authentic leadership, which influence authentic followership.
Problem analysis of financial aspects of halal culinary micro enterprises
Authors: Adiyanto Mochamad Reza , Sudarsono Bambang
Published: March 2024

This research aims to recommend priority problems that must be resolved regarding the financial aspects of halal culinary micro-enterprises in Bangkalan Regency. Data on financial aspects of micro business problems was taken using interview, observation, documentation, literature study and questionnaire methods. A questionnaire instrument was used to obtain data on weighting problems regarding the financial aspects of micro businesses. The questions asked in the questionnaire are related to preferences and assessments of aspects of the financial problems of halal culinary micro-enterprises that are being evaluated. The research respondents were 12 people who were determined using a purposive sampling technique, with the criteria of understanding culinary micro businesses in Bangkalan which included academics, bureaucrats, business actors, culinary micro business associations and banking employees. The collected data is processed using Analytic Hierarchy Process modeling, starting from identifying goals, to analyzing results. Through the Analytic Hierarchy Process, it can be seen that the main challenge faced by halal culinary micro businesses in Bangkalan Regency is poor financial records which have an impact on business sustainability and growth. Therefore, improving financial records is a top priority that needs to be addressed with training, the use of applications that are simple and easy to use. The government must provide training and assistance as well as provide incentives or subsidies to micro businesses that implement a good financial recording system. Good financial records will encourage the growth of halal micro businesses in Bangkalan and will strengthen the regional and national economy.
Sustainable tourism performance based on tourist clusters: Evidence from Madura, Indonesia
Authors: Agustina Fitri , Khotimah Bain Khusnul , Susilowanto Dhony , Maulida Putri Rahma
Published: March 2024

In recent years, there has been a notable progression in the development of Madura's tourism. In addition to its reputation as a salt-producing island, Madura possesses considerable potential in tourism. Tourism development should be in line with preserving the environment and improving the economy, society, and culture so that the sustainability of a tourist destination is maintained. However, tourism development is carried out partially and is short-term-oriented. The tourism industry must prioritize incorporating sustainability considerations. Performance measurement is needed based on tourist clusters for tourism development to be focused and sustainable. Performance measurement assesses whether sustainable tourism programs have been implemented as they should and what the benefits and impacts are for management and stakeholders. The integrated Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Kano model will be employed to assess sustainable tourism performance by involving environmental, economic, social and cultural indicators. The findings indicate three clusters of tourists achieving the best and worst performance. The third cluster is chosen since most of the tourists are in this cluster. The primary keys of interest encompass local cultural information, job opportunities, tourism promotion, society participation and village tourism.
Assessment of mangrove ecosystem conditions in Sepulu District, Bangkalan
Authors: Syah Achmad Fachruddin , Basyuni Mohammad , Fernanda Orelia , Rahmawati Elisia
Published: March 2024

The mangrove ecosystem is one of the many coastal and marine natural resources. This ecosystem has many benefits, both for society and the environment. The purpose of this study was to assess the state of the mangrove ecosystem in Sepulu District, Bangkalan. Sentinel-2A image data of 2021 downloaded from https://scihub.copernicus.eu and in situ data were used in this study. Three villages were used as data collection locations and in each village there are 6 - 15 transect plots. The structure of the mangrove ecosystem was studied using quadrat transects (10 x 10 m), hemispherical photography (4 - 9 photos for each plots) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for calculating the density of mangrove. The mangrove canopy cover was analyzed using Image J software. The findings included Sonneratia alba, Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, and Bruguera gymnorrhiza. In general, the Sonneratia alba (147.07) had the greatest important value index (IVI), followed by the Rhizophora mucronata (96.71). Mangroves with a high IVI indicate the magnitude of the mangrove's influence in a location. Canopy cover and density were used to measure mangrove conditions. The results revealed that the overall canopy cover was 64.55 ± 9.31 (%) and the density was 2289 ± 1131 (ind/ha). Furthermore, the result indicated the average of NDVI (0.62) with dense conditions. Overall, the findings suggest that the Sepulu District mangrove ecosystem was in good/healthy condition and need potential action for improvement in mangrove conservation and management in Sepulu District.
Synergy practice of religious tourism development in bangkalan regency in the era of digitalization
Authors: Rachman Yudhi , Rosyadi Khoirul
Published: March 2024

This study aims to look at the potential of religious tourism in Bangkalan Regency, known for its high level of religiosity which is relevant to the majority of Indonesian Muslims. This research is very interesting to be studied, explored, developed and integrated through religious tourism package programs to preserve and also contribute to increasing Regional Original Revenue (PAD) in Bangkalan Regency. In this paper, the problem lies in the synergy carried out by the social structure in the effort to develop religious tourism in the digital era which is still lacking due to the lack of expertise in the insight of tourism management even though it is an opportunity in the development of religious tourism. The method in this study uses qualitative research with an interpretive approach that describes the tourism potential and the extent of synergy built by the social structure by looking at the functions of the existing social structure. The results of this study state that (1) The practice of social structure in the development of religious tourism is less synergized, there is a need for intensive guidance, especially in resource management (2) The importance of implementing social systems, cultural systems and personality systems in efforts to develop religious tourism in Bangkalan Regency. Therefore, the importance of tourism development, especially religious tourism with the pentahelix model, so that the potential in Bangkalan Regency can develop optimally.
Implementation of Madura virtual tourism using web-based H5P
Authors: Negara Yudha Dwi Putra , Susilo Budi , Firmansyah Rizky Ryan
Published: March 2024

The rapid development of tourism has led to social changes resulting from the interaction of communities with tourists. There is a pattern of behaviour that affects the local community. One of the tours owned by the Pamekasan Regency Government is Jumiang Beach, a tourist destination located in Tanjung Village in Pademawu sub-district. With the increasing number of visits, it will affect the economic development of the community. Currently, tourism has experienced a decline in the number of visitors. Many traders around complain about the little income earned. Researchers intend to improve services by providing promotional media such as organising virtual tours in Madura using H5P for Jumiang Beach tourist sites in Pamekasan Madura so as to improve visitor experience. The MDLC methodology consists of six basic stages, namely concept is the stage for determining the purpose and who is the user of the programme, design is the stage of making specifications regarding system architecture, design, appearance, and material / material requirements for system development, material collection is the stage of collecting materials that are in accordance with the needs being worked on, assembly is the stage of making, testing is the testing stage, and distribution is the stage the system will be stored in a storage medium. There is some information that can be accessed, such as facility information, virtual tours, news, and contacts. There are two actors who act as application users, namely users and admins. In this system, users can view facilities, virtual tours, news, and contact information. There are several features that will be tested including the homepage, virtual tour, facilities, and news. The results of testing the Madura Sea Tour Virtual Tour application system using Blackbox testing show that of the 5 features that have been tested have worked according to their commands and functions.
Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion Towards Tourism in Bangkalan Regency Using Naïve Bayes Method
Authors: Fatah Doni Abdul , Rochman Eka Mala Sari , Setiawan Wahyudi , Aulia Ayussy Rahma , Kamil Fajrul Ihsan , Su’ud Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Sentiment analysis is natural language processing (NLP) that uses text analysis to recognize and extract opinions in text. Analysis is used to convert unstructured information into more structured information, also to determine whether an object has a positive, negative, or neutral tendency, and is an effort to facilitate decision making for tourism managers as a recommendation in developing tourist attractions. In this study, opinions were conducted on tourism reviews in Bangkalan using the Naïve Bayes method. This method is a machine learning algorithm to classify text into concepts that are easy to understand and provide accurate results with high efficiency. This method is proven to provide excellent results with a high level of accuracy, especially for large data, but has some drawbacks, sensitive to feature selection. Thus, a feature selection process is needed to improve classification efficiency by reducing the amount of data analyzed, with the Information Gain feature selection method. The word weighting method uses TF-IDF, while the data used comes from google maps reviews taken through web scraping, where tourist visitors provide reviews and ratings of places that have been visited. However, the large number of reviews can make it difficult for tourist attractions managers to manage them, so the process of labeling the sentiment class of the review data obtained 3649 reviews, with 2583 positive, 275 negative, and 457 neutral. Based on the test results that have been carried out using the Information Gain threshold of 0.0001, 0.0003, and 0.0007 can improve the accuracy of the Naïve Bayes model, for the best test at threshold 0.0007, with an accuracy value of 78.68%, precision 80.44%, recall 82.59%, and f1-score 82.53%, from the test results it shows that the use of information gain feature selection and SMOTE technique has a fairly good performance in classifying public opinion sentiment data on tourism in Bangkalan Regency, meaning that tourism management is good seen from the results of visitor satisfaction sentiment.
Risk assessment on low levels of nacl salt using fault tree analysis in small and medium-sized industries Madura salt
Authors: Novianti Trisita , Utami Issa Dyah , Agustina Fitri
Published: March 2024

Madura is the largest salt producer in East Java Province, with a percentage of production of 75% of the total, so this has a vast potential to produce an abundance of salt. The production stages are pre-production processes, production processes, and post-production. This study aimed to analyze NaCl levels and impurities in salt. Solving the problem requires risk analysis in salt manufacturing from start to finish. This study used the Fault Tree Analysis method, which was expected to find out the root of the problem in salt making. Data was collected by observing and documenting the salting site and interviewing salt farmers. The lab test result indicated that the NaCL levels of salt and seawater were below the standard, with an average NaCL level of 85%, where NaCL levels were less than 94% and had a water content of more than 5%. The NaCl content of seawater was also below the standard, with an average content of 51%, whereas usually, seawater contains NaCL of 86%. In addition, the lab test result for Pb contains, as impurities, was 1.33 ppm. This result was categorized as low level where the standard of Pb cannot allowed above 10 ppm.
Distribution of Pb and Fe heavy metal contamination in sea water and sediment in Bangkalan Madura Sea Waters
Authors: Nurdini Jihannuma Adibiah , Hidayati Dwi Ratna , Cahya Ilham , Noviani Anisa , Ridyawati Ika Wahyu
Published: March 2024

The high level of industrial and port activity in Surabaya and Gresik causes the potential for heavy metal waste pollution in Bangkalan sea waters. Heavy metal pollution will accumulate in several marine biota. If humans consume contaminated biota, the heavy metal content will accumulate in the body's organs causing mild to severe illnesses. Sea water in Bangkalan waters is also used as raw water for shrimp cultivation and salt production, so it needs to meet water quality standards. The research was conducted in 4 locations determined using the random purposive sampling method. Each location requires one seawater and sediment sample each. Each sample will be tested using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) instrument to determine the concentration of Pb and Fe. From the results of laboratory tests it is known that St.1 (Modung Coast), contains the highest Pb and Fe contamination values in sea water and marine sediment, where the Pb value = 0.04 ppm and Fe = 0.1 ppm, for marine sediment the Pb value = 4.25 ppm and Fe = 0.38 ppm. Then proceed to determine the contamination distribution coefficient (Kd). The highest value is at St.4 (Tajungan-Kamal) where Kd Pb = 149.78, and Kd Fe = 7.94. The next step is modeling visualization to determine the distribution of pollution using a color gradient scale.
SWOT analysis and strategy formulation to increase the competitiveness of rice agriculture MSMEs, Pamijahan District, Bogor Regency
Authors: Kartika Lindawati , Frans  , Widjanarko Moreno Verli , An-Nadwi Muhammad Nashiruddin , Zidhan Muhammad , Harahap Fahrur Rozi
Published: March 2024

MSMEs are one of the important driving forces in the expansion of the national economy by contributing to GDP by 60.5 percent. Agriculture also has a big role in the national economy by contributing to 12.91 percent of GDP in the third quarter of 2022. Even so, the welfare of farmers is still relatively low. The welfare of farmers can be improved by increasing productivity and competitiveness. Therefore, this research was conducted to identify internal and external factors in order to improve the competitiveness of food crop subsector agricultural MSMEs and develop a technology adoption strategy. The research was conducted with literature studies and in-depth interviews with relevant experts processedusing the IFE, EFE, IE, TOWS, and AHP matrices. The main weakness of Gapoktan Pamijahan is the age of farmers who are no longer productive, but its greatest strength is that all members receive direct guidance and supervision from the Region IV Agricultural Extension Center. The highest-rated external element affecting the main prospect is the development of agricultural technology, while Gapoktan Pamijahan's main difficulty is the lack of reliable agricultural digital infrastructure in the district. The priority strategy is the Youth Agritech Incubator.
The Acute: Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Risk in Semiprofessional
Football Players
Authors: Seco-Serna Roberto , Lago-Fuentes Carlos , Barcala-Furelos Martín
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association and predictive capacity
between the acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) and non-contact injuries in a
semiprofessional football team. Seventeen football or soccer players from a
Spanish Third Division football team participated voluntarily in this study. A
prospective longitudinal study was developed during the 2020/2021 season.
Twenty-four weeks were analyzed from October to March, including a regenerative
microcycle due to the absence of competition during Christmas. Rate of perceived
exertion (RPE) and session-rate of perceived exertion (sRPE) were registered for
every training and game session. Afterward, acute and chronic workloads were
calculated, and ACWR was subsequently derived from them. Furthermore,
non-contact injuries were registered during the period mentioned. The main
findings were that there is a poor correlation between the ACWR and non-contact
injuries (r=0.069 (p<0.05)), and the use of the ACWR by itself is
insufficient to predict the occurrence of non-contact injuries in a
semiprofessional football team. Consequently, the ACWR is not an useful
predictive tool for injuries in semiprofessional football teams.
Experiences With Repair Of Ulnar Nerve Injuries (A Study of Twelve Cases)
Authors: Chowdhury Siti Roy , Roy R. N.
Published: March 2024

The quality of recovery after nerve suture in this series appears to be better in younger patients.

Though the functional recovery after a nerve suture is better in a low placed lesion, the results of repair in this series appears to be quite good in high placed lesions as well.

The functional result following a nerve Tepair appears to be good if repaired hetween 3 to 9 months.

Sensory return following repair of ulnar nerve was always noted earlier than improvement in the motor power.

Group funicular repair of severed nerve with the aid of magnification and microsuture gave better functional result than conventional epineural suture with coarser suture material and without the aid of magnification.

Operation under magnification allow better identification of funiculi, of their sizes, position and alignment. It further enables the surgeon to use finer needles, suture materials and thus achieve better apposition of severed nerves.
ETIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL HAND INJURIES*
Authors: BHATTACHARYA V. , PANDEY K. , SINHA J. K. , TRIPATHI F. M.
Published: March 2024

The present article draws attention to the various etiological factors responsible for the devastating hand injuries resulting from commonly used agro-industrial machines. Simple and effective preventive measures have been proposed to minimise such accidents.
Ipsilateral fasciocutaneous flaps for leg and foot defects
Authors: Bhattacharya Visweswar , Watts Rajesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

It was a revolutionary enhancement for lower limb reconstruction when fasciocutaneous flaps were first described and used in clinical practice in 1981. Subsequently persistent studies were made to emphasize and confirm the rich vasculai net'"voik associated with deep iascia. Thereafter studies were directed to identify the various types of perforators supplying the deep fascia and the overlying subcutaneous tissue and skin. Accordingly the scientists classified these flaps keeping in mind theii clinical applications. The authors of this articie have aiso performed extensive research on various aspects. This has led to better understanding about the finer details of vascularity. Based on this various modifications have been made for safe application of reconstruction for defects extending from knee to sole. To avoid complications the clinician should be able to select the proper procedure as regards the donor site and the possible preoperative and postoperative technical faults. A well-designed and meticulously executed flap usually has smooth recovery. Both Colour Doppler and Audio Doppler are useful tools in planning a safe flap. Now these flaps have proved to be standard technique without requiring a special set up extensive training.
A framework for the facilitation of accelerated leadership and management capability development in the workplace
Authors: Harper Gregory J. , Cameron Roslyn , Edwards Christine
Published: March 2024

A holistic framework for the design of leadership and management programs to accelerate leadership and management capability development in the workplace is presented. Previous models and frameworks have been primarily based on program design inputs and outcomes and have not adequately considered the mediating role of learning processes and learner preferences in the relationship between program design inputs and outcomes. Additionally, most existing models and frameworks do not offer holistic approaches. Four theoretical implications and five practical applications of the framework are presented. The three defining features of the leadership and management learning framework are the focus on the development of competencies that underpin effective leadership, the central role of learning facilitation in this development, and the workplace learning processes that enable leadership and management development, and specifically meta-learning processes. Contributions to theory involve the integration of meta-learning and facilitation in the framework and the six propositions posited. A series of practical implications for advancing leadership program design, delivery and evaluation is also presented.
Identifying wind regimes near Kuwait using self-organizing maps
Authors: Naegele Steven , Lee Jared A. , Greybush Steven J. , Young George S. , Haupt Sue Ellen
Published: March 2024

Optimization of wind energy integration requires knowing the relationship between weather patterns and winds they cause. For a region with less-studied weather such as the Middle East, climatology becomes more vital. The Shagaya Renewable Energy Park in development in Kuwait experiences regional wind regimes that affect wind power production. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model output allowed investigation into the weather regimes most likely to impact Shagaya Park. The self-organizing maps (SOMs) machine-learning method clustered the WRF output into six primary weather regimes experienced by the Middle East. According to the wind regimes mapped by the SOM, two of the six regimes have average wind speeds of approximately 9.9 and 8.6 m s−1 at 80 m near Shagaya Park, as well as wind speed and estimated wind power distributions that are more favorable to wind power production in Kuwait. One regime depicts a strong northwesterly wind called the summer shamal, and the second is associated with strong westerlies. Regimes less favorable for Kuwaiti wind power production are represented by the remaining four SOM nodes: local weak southeasterlies, an African nocturnal low-level jet, a daytime planetary boundary layer, and local northwesterlies from autumn to spring. The remaining four SOM nodes have average wind speeds of 5.7–7.2 m s−1 and wind speed and estimated wind power distributions which indicate regimes less favorable for wind power production in Kuwait.
Implementation of a laser–neutron pump–probe capability for inelastic neutron scattering
Authors: Hua C. , Tennant D. A. , Savici A. T. , Sedov V. , Sala G. , Winn B.
Published: March 2024

Knowledge about nonequilibrium dynamics in spin systems is of great importance to both fundamental science and technological applications. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is an indispensable tool to study spin excitations in complex magnetic materials. However, conventional INS spectrometers currently only perform steady-state measurements and probe averaged properties over many collision events between spin excitations in thermodynamic equilibrium, while the exact picture of re-equilibration of these excitations remains unknown. In this paper, we report on the design and implementation of a time-resolved laser–neutron pump–probe capability at hybrid spectrometer (beamline 14-B) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This capability allows us to excite out-of-equilibrium magnons with a nanosecond pulsed laser source and probe the resulting dynamics using INS. Here, we discussed technical aspects to implement such a capability in a neutron beamline, including choices of suitable neutron instrumentation and material systems, laser excitation scheme, experimental configurations, and relevant firmware and software development to allow for time-synchronized pump–probe measurements. We demonstrated that the laser-induced nonequilibrium structure factor is able to be resolved by INS in a quantum magnet. The method developed in this work will provide SNS with advanced capabilities for performing out-of-equilibrium measurements, opening up an entirely new research direction to study out-of-equilibrium phenomena using neutrons.
Non-reflective hard source method for multiple physically extended sources and scattering bodies
Authors: Lamonaca Frida , Petris Giovanni , Cianferra Marta , Armenio Vincenzo
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we focus on methodologies to inject a noise source in a numerical model of noise propagation in confined domains. This is a problem of primary importance when dealing with propagation of fluid-dynamic induced noise in confined basins, like ships at sea or wind farms. We first assess the performance of the literature hard source (HS) and transparent source methods; successively, we propose a novel method named the non-reflective HS (NRHS) method. It takes advantage of the linearity of the equation governing the propagation of acoustic waves in fluids and is based on the decomposition of the total signal in the sum of direct and reflected signals. It presents the advantages of the hard source method removing the main drawback consisting of the well-known problem of spurious reflections. To check the reliability of the HS vs the NRHS, a non-dimensional parameter (the encumbrance) has been defined, which gives a measure of the extension of the generation domain with respect to the propagation domain in relation to the principal wavelength of the acoustic waves and the presence of reflecting surfaces. The method herein developed gives accurate results in the case of a single-point source, where the literature methods behave well; more importantly, the NRHS method maintains its own accuracy when a noise source needs to be represented by a large number of points in space, situations of very practical importance where the standard methods may exhibit inaccuracy. This is a point of importance since the use of large generation domains is in favor of the accuracy of the source characterization, which can exhibit a complex directivity. The new method has been tested in a number of archetypal situations characterized by the presence of a reflecting plane, a scattering body close to the source location, and two sources placed side by side. In all cases, the method has shown its own superiority with respect to the standard HS method, still preserving the flexibility and simplicity of the latter.
A DFT-based kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of multiphase oxide-metal thin film growth
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad , Peng Jie , SharafEldin Khaled , Lu Juanjuan , Wang Haiyan , El-Azab Anter
Published: March 2024

Functional thin films of nanoscale metal pillars in oxide or nitride matrices known as vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) have gained much interest owing to their unique strain-coupled and highly anisotropic properties. So far, the deposition of these films has been explored mostly experimentally. In this work, a density functional theory (DFT)-based kinetic Monte Carlo simulation model using Bortz–Kalos–Lebowitz algorithm was developed to understand the growth of VAN films deposited by pulsed laser technique on mismatching substrates. The model has been parameterized and applied to understand the kinetics of growth thin films consisting of Au pillars in CeO2 matrix deposited on SrTiO3 substrates. The effects of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) conditions including the pulse frequency, deposition flux, and substrate temperature were explored. The simulations indicate that the Au pillar size and shape exhibit significant dependence on the PLD conditions. Namely, increasing the temperature increases the average pillar size and lowers the pillar density, and vice versa. In addition, the simulations revealed that increasing the deposition rate results in lowering the average pillar size and increasing the density. Particularly, the DFT results suggest that Au pillar size can be tuned during the initial growth of the first monolayer due to the significantly low activation barrier. Our analysis showed that the relationship between the average pillar size and pillar density is influenced by the kinetics. Furthermore, autocorrelation analysis showed that pillars self-organize in quasi-ordered patterns at certain windows of the deposition conditions, which is attributed to the complex nature of the chemical interactions in the system, the kinetics, and the deposition parameters.
Perspectives on predicting and controlling turbulent flows through deep learning
Authors: Vinuesa Ricardo
Published: March 2024

The current revolution in the field of machine learning is leading to many interesting developments in a wide range of areas, including fluid mechanics. Fluid mechanics, and more concretely turbulence, is an ubiquitous problem in science and engineering. Being able to understand and predict the evolution of turbulent flows can have a critical impact on our possibilities to tackle a wide range of sustainability problems (including the current climate emergency) and industrial applications. Here, we review recent and emerging possibilities in the context of predictions, simulations, and control of fluid flows, focusing on wall-bounded turbulence. When it comes to flow control, we refer to the active manipulation of the fluid flow to improve the efficiency of processes such as reduced drag in vehicles, increased mixing in industrial processes, enhanced heat transfer in heat exchangers, and pollution reduction in urban environments. A number of important areas are benefiting from ML, and it is important to identify the synergies with the existing pillars of scientific discovery, i.e., theory, experiments, and simulations. Finally, I would like to encourage a balanced approach as a community in order to harness all the positive potential of these novel methods.
Design and development of a horizontal contact separated (HCS) test setup for measuring the performance of triboelectric nanogenerator for sustainable energy harvesting applications
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Jha Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Prashant , Goswami Ankur
Published: March 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can play a pivotal role in harnessing non-utilized reciprocating motion and convert it into electrical energy that can later be stored in a battery or capacitor to power various Internet of Things-based smart electronic and wearable devices. Herein, we designed a cost-effective instrumental test bed focused on investigating the output performance of a horizontal contact separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator by varying the input parameters, such as applied force, motor speed, triboplate separation, and frequency of instrumental setup. The test bed mainly consists of three major parts: (i) application of force, (ii) tapping of TENG sample, and (iii) output parameters measurement. The output performance in terms of open circuit output voltage (VOC), short circuit current (ISC), and power density of polydimethylsiloxane-based TENG was monitored and optimized by varying the input parameters. A low-cost current measuring circuitry using an operational amplifier integrated circuit has been proposed with 92% accuracy. The maximum value of VOC and ISC was observed to be 254 V and 31.8 µA at a motor speed of 600 rpm, the distance between both the plates was 6 mm, the input applied force of 40 N, and the striking frequency of 3 Hz. The maximum power density of 2.1 W/m2 was obtained at an input impedance of 8 kΩ. The durability of the test bed as well as the TENG sample was also measured for 25 h. The degree of uncertainty was measured for VOC, ISC, and applied force and calculated to be 1.62%, 7.45%, and 6.27%, respectively.
Lithography-free tailoring of thin-film nanomorphology for enhanced real-time refractive-index sensing with tunable resonance peaks in the visible spectrum
Authors: Lee Dohyeon , Yang Younghwan , Rho Junsuk
Published: March 2024

The precise detection of target substances through refractive-index sensing is essential in various fields such as environmental monitoring, food assessment, and optical applications. This study demonstrates a real-time refractive index sensor based on a liquid-infiltrated metal-insulator-metal island (MIMi) structure in a lithography-free manner. In the MIMi structure, the top layer of the metal islands is formed through solid-state dewetting, which serves as an etching mask to form nanopillars in the insulator layer. This allows for the infiltration of external substances, resulting in different structural colors depending on the refractive index. This design results in a redshift of the resonance peak as the infiltrated refractive index increases. Furthermore, by adjusting the area fraction of the metal-island layer and etching depth of the insulator layer, the resonance-peak position can be controlled within the visible range according to the target refractive index. The advantages of our design are the use of cost-effective materials and the ability to implement scalable fabrication. Our proposed method offers a convenient method to sense the target refractive index in real time.
Aerodynamics and aeroacoustics of ducted propellers: A study on the design and geometry effects
Authors: Cantos Sinforiano , Zhou Peng , Wu Han , Ma Zhida , Chen Wangqiao , Zhong Siyang , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2024

Ducted propellers present broad applicability in urban air mobility vehicles due to their enhanced operational safety, improved aerodynamic performance, and potential to mitigate noise emissions. This study proposes a numerical approach for designing adequate duct geometries, focusing on the duct's lip profile, expansion ratio, and tip clearance, aiming to provide valuable design guidance for ducted propellers. The simulations are validated through experimental data, showing reasonable agreement in terms of thrust generation and far-field noise. The mean flow and generated thrust are characterized with a parametric study using steady simulations, while delayed detached eddy simulations are employed to capture transient flow characteristics and investigate noise generation. The noise levels were computed using the integral solution of the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equation. The lip geometry impacts the flow distribution and generated thrust, modifying the tonal noise. Furthermore, slightly divergent ducts can increase the total thrust by minimizing flow separation on the duct wall while increasing the suction on the duct lip. The primary noise sources are identified at the propeller's leading edge and tip. The results reveal that divergent ducts effectively reduce tonal noise at all observer angles but increase broadband noise, attributed to the noise sources at the leading edge of the propeller and the interaction with the duct lip. Additionally, reducing the tip clearance from 2 to 1 mm enhances the total thrust by more than 20% without causing extra noise generation.
Development of prototype system for quantum two-way clock synchronization
Authors: Shi Bingke , Xiang Xiao , Hong Huibo , Liu Yuting , Zhang Pengfei , Quan Runai , Liu Tao , Cao Mingtao , Zhang Shougang , Dong Ruifang
Published: March 2024

In this Letter, we report a prototype system that realizes the complete functionality for quantum two-way time transfer, comparison, and synchronization between two integrated terminals. The synchronization performance was tested over a 50-km spooled fiber link. With the common frequency reference, the time deviation was measured as 0.45 ps at an averaging time of 104 s, which is limited by the system's hardware and determines the minimum achievable synchronization stability. By employing an open-loop fiber-optic microwave frequency transfer in combination with the technique of dynamically identifying and steering the time offset between the terminals, a synchronization stability of 1.26 ps at 104 s was achieved. Further utilizing the grey prediction model to correct the time offset data, the synchronization stability was significantly improved to 0.69 ps at 104 s, showing its potential to enhance the synchronization performance. This report marks the development of a utility quantum two-way clock synchronization system. The ongoing exploration of advanced time-offset adjustment strategies to attain synchronization stability significantly below 1 ps is poised to yield invaluable benefits for future applications.