bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of age on pulmonary artery systolic pressures at rest and with exercise
Authors: Kane Garvan C. , Sachdev Arun , Villarraga Hector R. , Ammash Naser M. , Oh Jae K. , McGoon Michael D. , Pellikka Patricia A. , McCully Robert B.
Published: June 2016

Aim: It is not well known if advancing age influences normal rest or exercise pulmonary artery pressures. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association of increasing age with measurements of pulmonary artery systolic pressure at rest and with exercise.

Subjects and methods: A total of 467 adults without cardiopulmonary disease and normal exercise capacity (age range: 18–85 years) underwent symptom-limited treadmill exercise testing with Doppler measurement of rest and exercise pulmonary artery systolic pressure.

Results: There was a progressive increase in rest and exercise pulmonary artery pressures with increasing age. Pulmonary artery systolic pressures at rest and with exercise were 25±5mmHg and 33±9mmHg, respectively, in those <40 years, and 30±5mmHg and 41±12mmHg, respectively, in those ≥70 years. While elevated left-sided cardiac filling pressures were excluded by protocol design, markers of arterial stiffness associated with the age-dependent effects on pulmonary pressures.

Conclusion: These data demonstrate that in echocardiographically normal adults, pulmonary artery systolic pressure increases with advancing age. This increase is seen at rest and with exercise. These increases in pulmonary pressure occur in association with decreasing transpulmonary flow and increases in systemic pulse pressure, suggesting that age-associated blood vessel stiffening may contribute to these differences in pulmonary artery systolic pressure.
Hyperglycemia-induced changes in miRNA expression patterns in epicardial adipose tissue of piglets
Authors: Ocłoń Ewa , Latacz Anna , Zubel–Łojek Joanna , Pierzchała–Koziec Krystyna
Published: June 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of molecular posttranscriptional regulators found to participate in numerous biological mechanisms, such as adipogenesis, fat deposition, or glucose metabolism. Additionally, a detailed analysis on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of miRNA-related effects on metabolism leads to developing novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic approaches. To identify miRNA whose activity changed in epicardial adipose tissue in piglets during hyperglycemia, we analyzed the different miRNA expression patterns between control and hyperglycemia groups. The microarray analysis selected three differentially expressed microRNAs as potential biomarkers: hsa-miR-675-5p, ssc-miR-193a-3p, and hsa-miR-144-3p. The validation of miRNA expression with real-time PCR indicated an increased expression levels of ssc-miR-193a-3p and miR-675-5p, whereas the expression level of hsa-miR-144-3p was lower in epicardial adipose tissue in response to hyperglycemia (P<0.01). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses suggested that these miRNAs differentially expressed between hyperglycemic and control piglets are involved in insulin, adipocytokine, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase–Akt signaling pathways, and development of type 2 diabetes as well. The results suggested that hyperglycemia can significantly affect the expression patterns of miRNA in porcine adipose tissue.
The Drosophila ortholog of TMEM18 regulates insulin and glucagon-like signaling
Authors: Wiemerslage Lyle , Gohel Priya A , Maestri Giulia , Hilmarsson Torfi G , Mickael Michel , Fredriksson Robert , Williams Michael J , Schiöth Helgi B
Published: June 2016

Transmembrane protein 18 (TMEM18) is an ill-described, obesity-related gene, but few studies have explored its molecular function. We found single-nucleotide polymorphism data, suggesting that TMEM18 may be involved in the regulation/physiology of metabolic syndrome based on associations with insulin, homeostatic model assessment-β (HOMAβ), triglycerides, and blood sugar. We then found an ortholog in the Drosophila genome, knocked down Drosophila Tmem18 specifically in insulin-producing cells, and tested for its effects on metabolic function. Our results suggest that TMEM18 affects substrate levels through insulin and glucagon signaling, and its downregulation induces a metabolic state resembling type 2 diabetes. This work is the first to experimentally describe the metabolic consequences of TMEM18 knockdown, and further supports its association with obesity.
Chronic hyperinsulinemia reduces insulin sensitivity and metabolic functions of brown adipocyte
Authors: Rajan Sujith , Shankar Kripa , Beg Muheeb , Varshney Salil , Gupta Abhishek , Srivastava Ankita , Kumar Durgesh , Mishra Raj K , Hussain Zakir , Gayen Jiaur R , Gaikwad Anil N
Published: June 2016

The growing pandemics of diabetes have become a real threat to world economy. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are closely associated with the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. In pretext of brown adipocytes being considered as the therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance, we have tried to understand the effect of hyperinsulinemia on brown adipocyte function. We here with for the first time report that hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance in brown adipocyte is also accompanied with reduced insulin sensitivity and brown adipocyte characteristics. CI treatment decreased expression of brown adipocyte-specific markers (such as PRDM16, PGC1α, and UCP1) and mitochondrial content as well as activity. CI-treated brown adipocytes showed drastic decrease in oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and spare respiratory capacity. Morphological study indicates increased accumulation of lipid droplets in CI-treated brown adipocytes. We have further validated these findingsin vivoin C57BL/6 mice implanted with mini-osmotic insulin pump for 8weeks. CI treatment in mice leads to increased body weight gain, fat mass and impaired glucose intolerance with reduced energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. CI-treated mice showed decreased BAT characteristics and function. We also observed increased inflammation and ER stress markers in BAT of CI-treated animals. The above results conclude that hyperinsulinemia has deleterious effect on brown adipocyte function, making it susceptible to insulin resistance. Thus, the above findings have greater implication in designing approaches for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes via recruitment of brown adipocytes.
ACERCAMIENTOS REFLEXIVOS AL PROCESO DE CONVERTIRSE EN MAESTRO DESDE LA EXPERIENCIA DE SÍ. ANÁLISIS DE TRES RELATOS DE VIDA
Authors: Díaz Mesa Cristhian James
Published: June 2016

El artículo presenta un conjunto de notas reflexivas sobre el proceso de convertirse en maestro desde la experiencia de sí. Para ello el autor problematiza las propuestas objetivas de formación docente a partir de una mirada analítica de corte cualitativo, como el enfoque biográfico-narrativo, para acercarse a los relatos de vida de tres maestros de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación dela Universidad De La Salle. Tales relatos evidencian cómo la experiencia de sí,constituida por vivencias, percepciones, y acciones sobre sí mismo, orientadas a generar una transformación en el sujeto docente, es un factor esencial en el proceso de convertirse en maestro. Por tal razón, en este texto se resalta el mundo subjetivo del maestro como dimensión necesaria en el momento de pensar la formación docente, buscando vincular las significaciones, vivencias,emociones, y acciones, que el maestro logra experienciar en el marco de una experiencia de sí, a lo largo de su trayectoria biográfica.
LA UNIVERSIDAD SANTO TOMÁS Y SU CONTRIBUCIÓN EN EL CAMPO DE LA EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Pita Torres Blanca Aurora
Published: June 2016

La Universidad Santo Tomás ha contribuido en el campo de la Educación Abierta y a Distancia en Colombia desde el año 1975 con diferentes programas tanto en Educación como en Ciencias y Tecnologías, cumpliendo así 31 años de experiencia en esta modalidad y consolidándose históricamente como la Institución Educativa con más prestigio e historia del país. La Vicerrectoría de Universidad Abierta y a Distancia, encargada de esta modalidad orienta toda su labor educativa en el conocimiento contextualizado, en la docencia, la ciencia y la tecnología, la investigación y lo valida en la proyección social que tiene como principios fundamentales: la persona humana que busca realizar un proyectode vida, el saber para el servicio y el compromiso social en la búsqueda del bien común; al mismo tiempo que responde a las urgencias de hoy y a la demandas y posibilidades nacionales e internacionales.
DE LA MUDEZ DE LA PALABRA A LA ELOCUENCIA DEL GESTO. ALGUNAS OBSERVACIONES DE WITTGENSTEIN SOBRE ARTE
Authors: Cáceres Carolina
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo plantea una lectura de Wittgenstein desde la perspectiva estética. El autor expresa en el Tractatus Logico Philosophicus la obligatoriedad del callar cuando de las cosas no se puede decir nada, pero el callar hace mención del significado del objeto, no implicando la condena a la mudez absoluta.Aquí tiene cabida el arte, como un fenómeno previo al silencio, al que se accede sólo cuando se capta el más allá de los límites, esto es, la esencia de lo místico.
El pensamiento complejo y los desafíos de la educación del siglo XXI
Authors: Peña Collazos Wilmar Aníbal
Published: June 2016

La educación en América Latina reclama hoy un nuevo paradigma acorde con nuestra mentalidad, desde un espectro pluridimensional; exige una orientación al reconocimiento de su sabiduría ancestral, a la integración de sus creencias, sus sensibilidades, su ciencia y su sentido vital, para generar una comprensión interna desde eluso apropiado de todas sus facultades, que propicie la auto–eco–organización y la sabiduría de nuestros ancianos y antepasados. Edgar Morin pretende que, a partir de la “reforma de la educación” se puedan articular los saberes para lograr el pensamiento complejo necesario para que las nuevas generaciones respondan a las exigencias del nuevo milenio. Esto saberes son: el científico, el lógico, el simbólico, elpoético y el demencial complejizador. Éstos harán parte de la formación integral indispensable para generar el entendimiento interdisciplinario y holístico que nos exige hoy el mundo globalizado.
Curso programático curricular (componente curricular)
Authors: Rodríguez Gómez María Del Pilar
Published: June 2016

Este artículo presenta una propuesta de diseño curricular alternativo, elCurso Programático Curricular (componente curricular), coherente con lastendencias actuales de los procesos formativos, los principios de flexibilidad,interdisciplinariedad, integralidad curricular y con los lineamientosde un modelo pedagógico–curricular por competencias, producto deun proceso pedagógico–investigativo de varios años en instituciones deeducación superior, que se encuentra en su etapa de desarrollo final, comoobjeto de estudio en la línea de investigación curricular del programa deMaestría en Educación de la Universidad Santo Tomás.
El problema de la justicia: una respuesta al margen del liberalismo político
Authors: Gallo Gloria
Published: June 2016

Jacques Derrida, siguiendo la ruta que ha señalado Walter Benjamin,se enfrenta a una discusión contra el Realismo y el liberalismo político,posturas que con el propósito de alcanzar un cierto grado de credibilidaden la discusión sobre la organización política de los hombres, hansustentado sus planteamientos en principios de hecho que, poco apoco fueron dejando de lado toda reflexión en torno al problema de lajusticia en términos aristotélicos. El sollen (deber-ser/deber-hacer) fueasí reemplazado por aquello que estipulara el Estado o por aquello que,las normas jurídicas determinaran. En este artículo presentaré la formaen que tanto el Realismo (de la mano de Hobbes y Schmitt) como elliberalismo han dado su versión sobre lo justo dentro de los límites delEstado y las normas jurídicas. Posteriormente, presentaré la deconstrucciónque hace Derrida de los conceptos clásicos de derecho y Estadoen relación a una justicia infinita, reflexión, que si bien no soluciona elproblema de los límites entre el derecho, el Estado y la justicia; si puededar luces sobre la necesidad de replantearnos una cierta concepción de justicia más allá del derecho y del Estado que nos señale un camino diferente frente a acontecimientosurgentes que están al orden del día.
Convencionalismo Jurídico y Nominalismo de Estado. Una lectura de la coyuntura política Colombiana desde la semántica Hobbesiana.
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Carolina
Published: June 2016

El artículo reconstruye algunos aspectos de la semántica hobbesianadesde una perspectiva social y analiza su vigencia frente a la interpretaciónde la coyuntura política colombiana. Este enfoque no constituyeun anacronismo, dado que las concepciones políticas y semánticas formuladaspor Thomas Hobbes constituyen un marco teórico válido paracomprender las circunstancias actuales. En particular, se destaca la relaciónentre política y lenguaje, que pone al descubierto las manipulacionesideológicas y las formas de poder subyacentes al discurso estatal. Estetema es relevante porque ilustra cómo la reivindicación de los DerechosHumanos es estigmatizada como una práctica discursiva de izquierda,cuyos efectos sediciosos deben ser neutralizados por las elocuciones discursivas oficiales y legítimas, derivadas de la autoridad estatal.
Using Sequence Variants in Linkage Disequilibrium with Causative Mutations to Improve Across-Breed Prediction in Dairy Cattle: A Simulation Study
Authors: van den Berg Irene , Boichard Didier , Guldbrandtsen Bernt , Lund Mogens S
Published: June 2016

Sequence data are expected to increase the reliability of genomic prediction by containing causative mutations directly, especially in cases where low linkage disequilibrium between markers and causative mutations limits prediction reliability, such as across-breed prediction in dairy cattle. In practice, the causative mutations are unknown, and prediction with only variants in perfect linkage disequilibrium with the causative mutations is not realistic, leading to a reduced reliability compared to knowing the causative variants. Our objective was to use sequence data to investigate the potential benefits of sequence data for the prediction of genomic relationships, and consequently reliability of genomic breeding values. We used sequence data from five dairy cattle breeds, and a larger number of imputed sequences for two of the five breeds. We focused on the influence of linkage disequilibrium between markers and causative mutations, and assumed that a fraction of the causative mutations was shared across breeds and had the same effect across breeds. By comparing the loss in reliability of different scenarios, varying the distance between markers and causative mutations, using either all genome wide markers from commercial SNP chips, or only the markers closest to the causative mutations, we demonstrate the importance of using only variants very close to the causative mutations, especially for across-breed prediction. Rare variants improved prediction only if they were very close to rare causative mutations, and all causative mutations were rare. Our results show that sequence data can potentially improve genomic prediction, but careful selection of markers is essential.
A Meiotic Drive Element in the Maize PathogenFusarium verticillioidesIs Located Within a 102 kb Region of Chromosome V
Authors: Pyle Jay , Patel Tejas , Merrill Brianna , Nsokoshi Chabu , McCall Morgan , Proctor Robert H , Brown Daren W , Hammond Thomas M
Published: June 2016

Fusarium verticillioides is an agriculturally important fungus because of its association with maize and its propensity to contaminate grain with toxic compounds. Some isolates of the fungus harbor a meiotic drive element known as Spore killer (SkK) that causes nearly all surviving meiotic progeny from an SkK × Spore killer-susceptible (SkS) cross to inherit the SkK allele. SkK has been mapped to chromosome V but the genetic element responsible for meiotic drive has yet to be identified. In this study, we used cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers to genotype individual progeny from an SkK × SkS mapping population. We also sequenced the genomes of three progeny from the mapping population to determine their single nucleotide polymorphisms. These techniques allowed us to refine the location of SkK to a contiguous 102 kb interval of chromosome V, herein referred to as the Sk region. Relative to SkS genotypes, SkK genotypes have one extra gene within this region for a total of 42 genes. The additional gene in SkK genotypes, herein named SKC1 for Spore Killer Candidate 1, is the most highly expressed gene from the Sk region during early stages of sexual development. The Sk region also has three hyper-variable regions, the longest of which includes SKC1. The possibility that SKC1, or another gene from the Sk region, is an essential component of meiotic drive and spore killing is discussed.
Crosses Heterozygous for HybridNeurosporaTranslocation Strains Show Transmission Ratio Distortion Disfavoring Homokaryotic Ascospores Made Following Alternate Segregation
Authors: Giri Dev Ashish , Rekha Selvam , Kasbekar Durgadas P
Published: June 2016

By introgressing Neurospora crassa translocations into N. tetrasperma, we constructed heterokaryons bearing haploid nuclei of opposite mating types, and either the translocation and normal sequence chromosomes (i.e., [T + N]) or a duplication and its complementary deficiency (i.e., [Dp + Df]). The [T + N] heterokaryons result from alternate segregation of homologous centromeres, whereas adjacent-1 segregation generates [Dp + Df]. Self-cross of either heterokaryon produces [T + N] and [Dp + Df] progeny. Occasionally during N. tetrasperma ascus development, a pair of smaller homokaryotic ascospores replaces a heterokaryotic ascospore. Crosses with the Eight-spore mutant increase such replacement, and can generate asci with eight homokaryotic ascospores, either 4T + 4N from alternate segregation, or 4Dp + 4Df from adjacent-1 segregation. Crosses of some of the introgressed translocation strains with normal sequence N. tetrasperma produced more Dp than T or N homokaryotic progeny. We suggest this is due to an insufficiency for a presumptive ascospore maturation factor, which increases the chance that, in asci with > 4 viable ascospores, none properly mature. Since only four viable ascospores (Dp or [Dp + Df]) share the limiting factor following adjacent-1 segregation, whereas four to eight ascospores compete for it following alternate segregation, this would explain why Dp homokaryons outnumber T and N types, whereas the heterokaryons are not as affected. We believe that this novel form of transmission ratio distortion is caused by a Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller Incompatibility (BDMI) triggered by an N. crassa gene in the N. tetrasperma background. Heterokaryons tend not to out-cross, and crosses of Dp strains are barren, thus the BDMI impedes interspecies gene flow.
Phenotypes Associated with Second ChromosomePElement Insertions inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Kahsai Lily , Millburn Gillian H , Cook Kevin R
Published: June 2016

In Drosophila melanogaster, P element transposition has been a productive means of insertional mutagenesis. Thousands of genes have been tagged with natural and engineered P element constructs. Nevertheless, chromosomes carrying P element insertions tend to have high levels of background mutations from P elements inserting and excising during transposition. Consequently, the phenotypes seen when P element-bearing chromosomes are homozygous are often not attributable to the P insertions themselves. In this study, 178 strains in the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center collection with P insertions on the second chromosome were complementation tested against molecularly defined chromosomal deletions and previously characterized single-gene mutations to determine if recessive lethality or sterility is associated with the P insertions rather than background mutations. This information should prove valuable to geneticists using these strains for experimental studies of gene function.
A Chromatin-Focused siRNA Screen for Regulators of p53-Dependent Transcription
Authors: Sammons Morgan A , Zhu Jiajun , Berger Shelley L
Published: June 2016

The protein product of the Homo sapiens TP53 gene is a transcription factor (p53) that regulates the expression of genes critical for the response to DNA damage and tumor suppression, including genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair, metabolism, and a number of other tumorigenesis-related pathways. Differential transcriptional regulation of these genes is believed to alter the balance between two p53-dependent cell fates: cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. A number of previously identified p53 cofactors covalently modify and alter the function of both the p53 protein and histone proteins. Both gain- and loss-of-function mutations in chromatin modifiers have been strongly implicated in cancer development; thus, we sought to identify novel chromatin regulatory proteins that affect p53-dependent transcription and the balance between the expression of pro-cell cycle arrest and proapoptotic genes. We utilized an siRNA library designed against predicted chromatin regulatory proteins, and identified known and novel chromatin-related factors that affect both global p53-dependent transcription and gene-specific regulators of p53 transcriptional activation. The results from this screen will serve as a comprehensive resource for those interested in further characterizing chromatin and epigenetic factors that regulate p53 transcription.
RNAi Screen Identifies Novel Regulators of RNP Granules in theCaenorhabditis elegansGerm Line
Authors: Wood Megan P , Hollis Angela , Severance Ashley L , Karrick Megan L , Schisa Jennifer A
Published: June 2016

Complexes of RNA and RNA binding proteins form large-scale supramolecular structures under many cellular contexts. In Caenorhabditis elegans, small germ granules are present in the germ line that share characteristics with liquid droplets that undergo phase transitions. In meiotically-arrested oocytes of middle-aged hermaphrodites, the germ granules appear to aggregate or condense into large assemblies of RNA-binding proteins and maternal mRNAs. Prior characterization of the assembly of large-scale RNP structures via candidate approaches has identified a small number of regulators of phase transitions in the C. elegans germ line; however, the assembly, function, and regulation of these large RNP assemblies remain incompletely understood. To identify genes that promote remodeling and assembly of large RNP granules in meiotically-arrested oocytes, we performed a targeted, functional RNAi screen and identified over 300 genes that regulate the assembly of the RNA-binding protein MEX-3 into large granules. Among the most common GO classes are several categories related to RNA biology, as well as novel categories such as cell cortex, ER, and chromosome segregation. We found that arrested oocytes that fail to localize MEX-3 into cortical granules display reduced oocyte quality, consistent with the idea that the larger RNP assemblies promote oocyte quality when fertilization is delayed. Interestingly, a relatively small number of genes overlap with the regulators of germ granule assembly during normal development, or with the regulators of solid RNP granules in cgh-1 oocytes, suggesting fundamental differences in the regulation of RNP granule phase transitions during meiotic arrest.
Evaluation of biomarkers following autologous osteochondral transplantation in the equine stifle joint — An experimental study
Authors: Tuska Pál , Tóth Balázs , Vásárhelyi Gábor , Hangody László , Papp Miklós , Bodó Gábor
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in biomarker and synovial parameters following autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) in the equine stifle joint, to test the hypothesis whether synovial parameters would show significant differences at selected time points following the surgery (at days 3, 14, 60 and 180) compared to baseline level (at day 0). Surgical intervention was performed in both stifles of nine horses (n = 18). The joints were randomly assigned to operated and sham-operated groups. Grafts 8.5 mm in diameter were harvested from the femoropatellar (FP) joint under arthroscopic control and the medial femorotibial (MFT) joints had AOT using mosaicplasty (MP) instrumentation, while the sham FP and sham MFT joints underwent arthroscopy and miniarthrotomy without transplantation, respectively. Synovial fluid (SF) parameters were evaluated at days 4, 14, 60 and 180. Data were analysed by two-way repeated- measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and P < 0.05 was considered significant. During the first 10–14 days after surgery, lameness of degree 2–3/5 [American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) scores] was present, which disappeared after 60 days. Joints with transplantation showed significant increases in synovial white blood cell count (WBC), total protein (TP), substance P, C1,2C and CS846 epitope concentration at day 3 compared to baseline and shamoperated joints (P < 0.05). These parameters returned to the baseline values by two months after surgery and remained within normal levels at 6 months postoperatively.
Cytological and bacteriological evaluation of transendoscopic guttural pouch lavages in clinically healthy horses
Authors: Dobesova Olga , Bezdekova Barbora
Published: June 2016

Thirty-eight guttural pouch lavages from 19 clinically healthy horses were collected transendoscopically. Cytological examination and bacteriological culture of the samples were carried out. All 38 lavages assessed for cytology contained less than five per cent neutrophils and could be termed as cytologically ‘normal’. In none of the lavages did the neutrophil count vary between five and 25 per cent or exceed 25 per cent, which are the borderlines for being termed ‘reactive’ or ‘pathological’, respectively. Epithelial cells were the most commonly represented cell type in all lavages. Bacteriological culture was positive in 16 out of 38 lavages, but specific pathogenic bacteria were not cultivated in any of them, and only transient microflora was present. Although the relationship between the presence of specific bacteria, neutrophil count and total cell count could not be statistically evaluated due to the absence of ‘reactive’ and ‘pathological’ lavages, transendoscopic lavage appears to be a reliable method for obtaining a sample for bacteriological culture.
Application of a combined global positioning and heart rate monitoring system in jumper horses during an official competition — A preliminary study
Authors: Bazzano Marilena , Giudice Elisabetta , Rizzo Maria , Congiu Fulvio , Zumbo Alessandro , Arfuso Francesca , Di Pietro Simona , Bruschetta Daniele , Piccione Giuseppe
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a combined global positioning system (GPS)/heart rate (HR) monitoring system is a valuable tool to assess, step by step, the physiological response of HR and its relationship with speed in healthy horses competing in an official show jumping class. Six mares performing a standardised warm-up and jumping course were monitored using a HR/GPS device. Venous blood lactate (BL), assessed before and after exercise, showed a significant increase (P = 0.0004) following the physical effort. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant changes in HR throughout the experimental period. The analysis of HR data recorded during the warm-up jumping stage showed significantly higher HR (P = 0.001) in the recovery period compared to the related jumping phase. Shifting the fence height from 100 cm to 125 cm during the warm-up jumps was also found to cause a significant increase (P = 0.016) in HR. According to these preliminary results, the simultaneous logging of heart rate and speed has the potential to be a reliable and powerful technique for field testing that can help in the monitoring of the horse’s response to jumping effort during training and competition.
Cadmium-induced changes in hatchability and in the activity of aminotransaminases and selected lysosomal hydrolases in the blood plasma of Muscovy ducklings (Cairina moschata)
Authors: Dżugan Małgorzata , Lis Marcin
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cadmium on Muscovy ducklings (Cairina moschata) based on hatching results and the activity of enzymes in the blood plasma. On day 6 of incubation, hatching eggs were injected into the egg albumen with 50 μl of saline solution containing Cd ions (CdCl2) at concentrations of 0 (control group), 1.3, 4.0, 7.5, 15.0 and 30 μg/egg, using 50 eggs per group. A gradual decrease in hatchability, from 52% in the control to 4% in the highest Cd dose group, was observed, with the LD50 calculated as 8 μg/egg. However, the impact of cadmium on the incidence of malformations of duck embryos has not been proven. Compared to the control group, N-acetyl-β-Dglucosaminidase activity increased by 30–50% (P ≤ 0.05) in the blood serum of ducklings in the groups receiving more than 7.5 μg Cd/egg, whereas an elevated activity of arylsulphatase (by 45%) was observed for a lower dose only (4 μg Cd/egg). A gradual increase in the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases was observed (P ≤ 0.05), starting from the lowest exposure of 1.3 μg Cd/egg, by 155% and 53%, respectively. In conclusion, the results prove the dosedependent toxic impact of cadmium on embryogenesis and on the studied blood plasma enzyme activities of ducklings.
“It Is The Weed Of Lovers” The Use Of Cannabis Among Turkic Peoples Up To The 15th Century
Authors: Péri Benedek
Published: June 2016

Cannabis sativa L. is one of the most popular psychoactive plants in our days. It is widely used as a medicine, a recreational drug and also as an entheogen. Archaeological findings suggest that the hemp plant was known in China as early as the 5th millennium B.C. The first written source documenting the use of cannabis as a drug is from a much later period and dates back to the 5th century B.C. The present paper offers an outline of the history of the use of cannabis as a mind altering drug among Turkic peoples from ancient times up to the late 15th century, a period of flourishing cannabis subculture both in Anatolia and in Central Asia.
The syntactic position and quantificational force of FCIs in Hungarian
Authors: Halm Tamás
Published: June 2016

The topic of my paper is the syntax and the quantificational force of free-choice items (FCIs) in Hungarian. FCIs such as any have been at the forefront of research interest in the past decades (e.g., Ladusaw 1979; Kadmon & Landman 1993; Giannakidou 2001). The close interdependence of syntactic, semantic and even pragmatic considerations makes the study of FCIs one of the most interesting research programmes. Earlier investigations of the syntax and semantics of FCIs in Hungarian include Hunyadi (1991; 2002), Abrusán (2007) and Szabó (2012). In my paper, I show that FCIs in Hungarian occupy the syntactic position associated with distributive quantifiers (É. Kiss 2010). Furthermore, I examine the quantificational force of FCIs by the well-known battery of quantification tests (for a previous application for Hungarian, cf. Surányi 2006): almost-modification, modification by exceptive phrase, donkey anaphora, predicative use, is-modification, incorporation and split reading with modals. My findings of mixed quantificational behaviour provide further corroboration for the analysis of FCIs as quantificationally underspecified intensional dependent indefinites.
Chemical quality of Baru almond (Dipteryx alata oil)
Authors: Siqueira Ana Paula Silva , Castro Carlos Frederico de Souza , Silveira Eduardo Vieira , Lourenço Marcos Felipe de Castro
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: Vegetable oils are suitable for human consumption as part of a healthy diet and native fruits of the cerrado, such as almond baru, which are natural sources of these oils. This study informed about the quality of baru oil having as a basis for comparison, soybean oil and olive oil, usually consumed in human diet. Analyzes of acid value, peroxide and iodine for the three oils and fatty acid composition for the baru oil were performed according to official standard methodology. Baru oil has the potential to be part of the human consumption, in healthy diets similarly to soybean oil and olive oil.
AVALIAÇÃO DA CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE EM TERAPIA INTENSIVA NA PERSPECTIVA DA EQUIPE DE SAÚDE
Authors: Minuzzi Ana Paula , Salum Nádia Chiodelli , Locks Melissa Orlandi Honório
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Estudo descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, que teve por objetivo avaliar as dimensões da cultura de segurança do paciente, na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde, de uma unidade de terapia intensiva. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre novembro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014, com a aplicação do questionário Pesquisa sobre Segurança do Paciente em Hospitais a 59 profissionais de saúde. Os resultados apontaram melhores avaliações nas dimensões: expectativas e ações de promoção da segurança do paciente do supervisor, trabalho em equipe na unidade e abertura para comunicações. Os aspectos com piores avaliações foram: apoio da gestão hospitalar para a segurança do paciente, respostas não punitivas aos erros e trabalho em equipe entre as unidades. O estudo demonstrou uma cultura de segurança com potencial de melhorias em todas as dimensões da cultura de segurança do paciente, servindo para instrumentalizar o planejamento de estratégias para segurança do paciente nesta instituição.
Os jovens das camadas populares na universidade pública: acesso e permanência
Authors: Trevisol Joviles Vitório , Nierotka Rosileia Lucia
Published: June 2016

Resumo Recentemente, no Brasil, implementaram-se diversas políticas destinadas à ampliação do acesso dos jovens à educação superior. Iniciativas como REUNI, PROUNI e Lei das Cotas foram decisivas para o grande aumento do número de estudantes na Educação Superior. Este artigo descreve e analisa como as referidas políticas foram apropriadas e implementadas pelas universidades públicas brasileiras, tomando como referência empírica a Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS). Por meio de métodos e técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa (análise documental) e quantitativa (questionário institucional fechado), a pesquisa revelou significativa mudança no perfil dos jovens ingressantes na universidade pública em estudo. As políticas institucionais de acesso trouxeram para a universidade estudantes jovens, mulheres, com baixa escolaridade e renda familiar até três salários mínimos.
Percepções sobre violência no cotidiano dos jovens
Authors: Rizzini Irene , Limongi Natalia da Silva
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este artigo discute a vivência da juventude em contextos de violência urbana. A partir da revisão teórica sobre violência e juventude, desenvolve uma análise com base em uma pesquisa empírica realizada, em 2014, com jovens moradores de uma favela em Niterói (RJ). Os depoimentos coletados em campo exemplificam as percepções desses jovens sobre a violência, sobretudo após a implantação das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadoras (UPPs) na capital do Estado.
O fenômeno da ideologia e a criminalidade infantojuvenil
Authors: Lucena Cledna Dantas
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este artigo pretende contribuir para o debate a respeito das concepções ideológicas sobre a infância e juventude, e a inserção precoce desses sujeitos na criminalidade. Parte de pesquisas bibliográficas referente à temática, explanação das representações de ideias sobre a infância e juventude, a violência e exposição dos possíveis determinantes da inserção deste segmento no mundo do crime. É mister que haja uma desmistificação das ideias sobre os fenômenos da violência e da criminalidade infantojuvenil para que sejam explicitadas as reias condições de existência de crianças e adolescentes brasileiras.
Juventude latino-americana e mercado de trabalho: programas de capacitação e inserção
Authors: Dornelles Aline Espindola , Panozzo Vanessa Maria , Reis Carlos Nelson dos
Published: June 2016

Resumo O presente artigo sintetiza os resultados da pesquisa que analisou o conteúdo dos programas sociais vigentes na América Latina como uma das respostas construídas para as Metas de Desenvolvimento do Milênio. A pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa observou especificamente os programas sociais de capacitação e inserção vigentes para a juventude nos países da Região, mapeando as experiências e explicitando suas características a partir de 1990. A pesquisa indica a caracterização da inserção do jovem em trabalhos informais, sem proteção social, com aumento nas taxas de desemprego e sem nenhuma estabilidade no trabalho. Nesses países há um número significativo de propostas privadas em parceria com a sociedade civil, ao invés de um investimento qualificado na consolidação de estruturas para a população jovem.
Jovem como agente estratégico de desenvolvimento: entre discursos e políticas
Authors: Costa Mônica Rodrigues , Albuquerque Juliene Tenório
Published: June 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar reflexões acerca das matrizes discursivas que fundamentam o discurso de jovem como agente estratégico de desenvolvimento no âmbito da Política Nacional de Juventude (PNJ). A partir da perspectiva da teoria e análise crítica do discurso, analisa documentos de domínio público e discursos oficiais sobre a PNJ, produzidos no período de 2005 a 2014. A análise constatou a existência de duas matrizes discursivas que fundamentam a Política de Juventude, operando dialeticamente associadas em oposição, a partir das contradições entre o campo dos direitos e da pobreza, risco e vulnerabilidade social.
Debates on youth participation: from citizens in preparation to active social agents
Authors: Tsekoura Maria
Published: June 2016

Abstract This article presents current debates regarding the presence of young people in the public domain. There is a wealth of discussion and perplexity regarding how young people choose to get active in the public domain that originates from the distinct use of the term political in academic and policy debates. This article will proceed in the following way: it will summarise the main tenets of the Decline discourse, it will present how the Personalisation discourse draw our attention to alternative ways of involvement, it will discuss how Context focused discourses highlight how participatory decision making relates to the ways young people conceptualise their daily lived experience, and concludes arguing that youth participation can be better understood when it is contextualised within everyday lived experience.
Representação social do cuidado e do cuidador familiar do idoso
Authors: Hedler Helga Cristina , Faleiros Vicente de Paula , Santos Marlene de Jesus Silva , Almeida Maria Aparecida de Araújo
Published: June 2016

Resumo O presente artigo aborda as representações sociais do cuidado e do cuidador familiar da pessoa idosa. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo com a evocação dos termos cuidado e cuidador por meio de entrevista aplicada na residência de quinze idosos com dependência funcional de saúde, juntamente com seus cuidadores familiares. Os resultados apontam, como núcleo central das representações sociais, os sentimentos de amor, carinho, paciência e saúde. O significado social do cuidado, em conflito com a vivência do sofrimento dos cuidadores, assume uma função que lhes traz a sobrecarga física e emocional. A desigualdade de gênero presente entre os cuidadores também implica a necessidade de se refletir sobre os cuidadores como questão de políticas públicas.
Early Pleistocene lineages of Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766) (Siluriformes: Ariidae), from the Atlantic coast of South America, with insights into the demography and biogeography of the species
Authors: Silva Wemerson C. da , Marceniuk Alexandre P. , Sales João Braullio L. , Araripe Juliana
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Coastal and marine environments are characterized by a lack of evident physical barriers or geographic isolation, and it may be difficult to understand how divergence can arise and be sustained in marine environments. The identification of 'soft' barriers is a crucial step towards the understanding of gene flow in marine environments. The marine catfishes of the family Ariidae are a demersal group with restricted migratory behavior, no pelagic larval stages, and mechanisms of larval retention, representing a potentially useful model for the understanding of historical processes of allopatric speciation in the marine environment. In the present study, two lineages of the Coco sea catfish, Bagre bagre , were recognized from their complete segregation at both mitochondrial and morphological levels. One lineage is distributed between Venezuela and the northern coast of Brazil, including the semiarid northeast coast, while the second lineage is found on the eastern coast of Brazil, including the humid northeast coast. Based on distribution area, habitats preference, and genetic variability, inferences are made in relation to biogeography and demography of lineages in Atlantic coast of South America.
Libras na educação de surdos: o que dizem os profissionais da escola?
Authors: Silva Carine Mendes da , Silva Daniele Nunes Henrique
Published: June 2016

Resumo A inclusão educacional de surdos tem sido frequentemente debatida, especialmente pela condição bilíngue e bicultural dos alunos, que exige práticas diferenciadas de ensino que partem da Língua Brasileira de Sinais. O objetivo do estudo foi entender o que os profissionais da escola dizem sobre o papel desta língua. Participaram da pesquisa a diretora, o supervisor pedagógico, a coordenadora de linguagens e códigos, a coordenadora de humanas, o coordenador de exatas, o professor de português como segunda língua, a professora da sala de recursos e a intérprete de Libras. O trabalho de campo foi realizado em uma escola de ensino médio da rede pública, do Distrito Federal, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Das análises depreendeu-se um eixo relacionado à centralidade (ou não) da Libras para o desenvolvimento bicultural dos surdos. Os participantes da pesquisa formularam críticas aos processos de escolarização dos surdos e à Língua de Sinais.
Autoeficácia no campo educacional: revisão das publicações em periódicos brasileiros
Authors: Iaochite Roberto Tadeu , Costa Filho Roraima Alves da , Matos Mayara da Mota , Sachimbombo Keila Michelly Canhina
Published: June 2016

Resumo O constructo da autoeficácia, ou o julgamento que o indivíduo realiza sobre a própria capacidade para agir num dado domínio, tem sido investigado em diferentes áreas do conhecimento. No entanto, ainda é pouco conhecido e difundido no contexto educacional brasileiro. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar os estudos sobre autoeficácia realizados no cenário brasileiro, seus recortes metodológicos e principais resultados. Foram analisados 15 artigos selecionados nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e Redalyc, utilizando os termos auto-eficácia ou autoeficácia em conjunto com as palavras-chaves: estudante, aluno, professor, docente, ensino e escola. Os resultados revelaram que as pesquisas privilegiam os domínios da autoeficácia acadêmica e autoeficácia docente, predominando a pesquisa quantitativa, com a utilização de escalas. Considera-se que pesquisas de abordagem qualitativa, além do enfoque de outros elementos constituintes do contexto educacional (diretores, coordenadores etc.) são necessárias para melhor compreender o papel das crenças de autoeficácia no contexto investigado.
Considerações Sobre a Habilidade de Compreensão em Leitura e Formas de sua Avaliação
Authors: Oliveira Katya Luciane de , Lúcio Patrícia Silva , Miguel Fabiano Koich
Published: June 2016

Resumo A compreensão leitora é uma atividade complexa que envolve mecanismos cognitivos, linguísticos, sociais e emocionais. Nas sociedades ocidentais, o êxito escolar muito se relaciona a uma apreensão adequada do processo de ler e compreender o texto lido, sendo um dos requisitos para a aprendizagem. Assim, a compreensão da leitura é assunto relevante àqueles que trabalham com a educação e com problemas dela decorrentes. Este trabalho se insere nesse contexto e objetiva fornecer uma exposição geral sobre o estudo da compreensão leitora, particularmente em seus aspectos históricos, conceituais e clínicos. Primeiramente, faz-se um breve relato histórico da leitura no Brasil e de algumas questões centrais atuais. Em seguida, descreve-se a compreensão leitora e seu processamento na abordagem da psicologia cognitiva. Em terceiro, são resenhados os principais instrumentos internacionais e brasileiros de avaliação da compreensão em leitura. Finalmente, discute-se a urgência de instrumentos psicometricamente ajustados para o campo da avaliação psicoeducacional.
DEFESA DO INTERNATO NA INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA SECUNDÁRIA PROVINCIAL (SERGIPE/BRASIL, SÉCULO 19)
Authors: Conceição Joaquim Tavares da
Published: June 2016

Resumo Neste artigo são analisados debates e medidas de autoridades provinciais em torno da utilização do internato em estabelecimentos de instrução pública secundária. Segundo as autoridades, o internato promoveria uma maior demanda aos liceus e possibilitaria que jovens de regiões interioranas pudessem cursar o ensino secundário nos liceus das capitais ou evitaria a saída desses jovens para outras províncias em busca de instrução. As iniciativas de adoção do internato eram propostas com a gratuidade do ensino, mas exigindo o pagamento da pensão referente à cama e à comida. A medida visava a atender, principalmente, aos anseios pelo ensino secundário das elites provinciais, que eram os segmentos que podiam arcar com os custos do internato.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA UMA HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA EM SANTA CATARINA: A MODERNIZAÇÃO DA ARITMÉTICA NA REFORMA ORESTES GUIMARÃES (1910-1914)
Authors: Costa David Antonio da , Souza Thuysa Schlichting de
Published: June 2016

Resumo No âmbito deste artigo tem-se por objetivo compreender a inclusão e organização da matéria Aritmética nos programas de ensino dos grupos escolares de Santa Catarina durante os primeiros anos da reforma Orestes Guimarães. O período privilegiado na investigação é marcado pelo afloramento dos discursos da pedagogia moderna no Brasil. Assim, as discussões focalizam as implicações de uma educação renovada e moderna nas prescrições da matéria em questão. A análise histórica toma como fonte de pesquisa os documentos escolares normativos. O estudo permitiu o delineamento de um panorama educacional em que a matriz pedagógica do ensino intuitivo, alicerçada pela organização graduada dos estudos seriados, caracterizou uma nova formatação para o ensino da Aritmética nos grupos escolares catarinenses.
GUILHERME GLÜCK: A COLEÇÃO, O FOTÓGRAFO E A EDUCAÇÃO (1920-1950)
Authors: Lima Ederson Santos
Published: June 2016

Resumo A existência de conjuntos fotográficos que datam da primeira metade do século 20 possibilitam o estudo de aspectos culturais relevantes da sociedade. Este é o caso da Coleção Guilherme Glück, pertencente ao Museu da Imagem e do Som do Paraná. Dentre as mais de 33.000 fotografias encontram-se algumas dezenas de imagens relativas à educação na cidade da Lapa entre os anos de 1920-1950, que revelam ideais de escola e de professores, bem como daqueles que viviam no interior do Educandário São Vicente de Paulo, afastado da dinâmica urbana da cidade. Buscou-se compreender a trajetória do fotógrafo Glück e de que forma ele registrou a educação dessa cidade paranaense que teve sua origem no ciclo tropeiro do Sul do Brasil.