bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preventing Academic Misconduct
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: July 2022

Cheating in academics has been on the increase and it reflects a lack of integrity on the part of students. If no efforts are made to prevent academic misconduct/dishonesty, it will contribute to the image and standing of higher education institutions (HEIs). Cheating is not only an ethical concern, but it also leads to lesser knowledge and competencies acquisition. Equally, when students cheat the faculty feel cheated and efforts wasted. The resultant may be low morale of educators which is dangerous. Hence, HEIs are making efforts to reduce cheating and strengthen academic integrity (AI) through polices, rules, and procedures. Nevertheless, the focus seems to be more on bolting the stable after the horse has left or is largely administrative in nature. Therefore, adopting a mixed method approach the core of this chapter is to focus on preventing cheating through academic approach. The objective is to discuss how student-centered teaching strategies can prevent academic misconduct with focus on management disciple.
Welcome to Academia, Expect Cyberbullying
Authors: Snyder-Yuly Julie L. , Patton Tracey Owens , Gomez Stephanie L.
Published: July 2022

Academic contrapower harassment occurs when those with less perceived power harass someone with more power. Cyberbullying as contrapower occurs when students express varying levels of incivility and bullying through assorted online mediums such as email, online evaluations, or social media sites. This project examines the experiences of three faculty women with different racial/ethnic backgrounds, age differences, years in the academy, and at different levels within their career, and explores the connection between sexism and racism that persist in academic settings. Experiencing varying levels of cyberbullying the authors have found departments, administration, and universities fail to provide training or policies to protect faculty from student bullying behaviors. The concept of hegemonic civility is used to illustrate how the actions of students and inaction of administrators uphold the hegemonic order.
A Sense-Based Semantic Similarity Measure Using a Shallow Neural Network
Authors: Rahman Nazreena , Sultana Salma , Kashyap Abhinav
Published: July 2022

In this chapter, the authors have studied different knowledge-based semantic similarity measures that are used to calculate semantic similarity between two words. Further, finding semantic similarity between two words helps in calculating semantic similarity between two sentences. Existing semantic similarity measures do not give the importance to the word's sense or meaning. Therefore, they have proposed a shallow neural network-based semantic similarity measure through which they find its similarity using its sense. It produces word embedding of words in documents using Word2vec on the books of A Song of Ice and Fire.
Application of Geoinformatics in Mapping and Understanding the Microspatial Environment
Authors: Bhattacharya Prasanta
Published: July 2022

Maps are used to visualize geospatial data, and they help their user to better understand geospatial relationships. From maps, information on distances, directions, and area size can be retrieved, patterns revealed, and relations understood and quantified. Thus, maps and mapped data have been used extensively for spatial planning and management of resources. Located between 260 8/ 45// N to 260 9/ 37// N latitude and 910 39/ 22// E to 910 40/ 32// E longitude, the Gauhati University Campus occupies an important position in the western part of rapidly expanding Guwahati city. Considering its unique location, richness in terms of scenic constituents and biodiversity, use and abuse of its landscapes, an attempt has been made in this chapter to put emphasis on the significance of mapping and spatial database generation using GIS, GPS, and visual documentation through photographs for sustainable management of landscape, along with increasing spatial awareness among stakeholders.
Recent Advancement on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)
Authors: Mandal Biswajit , Bhowmik Partha Sarathee , Chakrabarti Tapas
Published: July 2022

Irrespective of the photo incident angle and lighting condition of a day, DSSC is a kind of photovoltaic device consistent to generate power. Power extracted in diffuse light condition from DSSC is greater than the generated power from a conventional existing photovoltaic cell. This lucrative feature drives many to improve the device performance. To fill the gap between theoretical and practical performance of the device, more study is required on this topic. This study reviews the various methods to prepare DSS cell in each step, working principle, different measuring systems for characterization of the cell, and how those characters affect the final product to achieve its goal.
A Linguistic Perspective of Assamese Language as Used on Facebook
Authors: Sharma Seuji
Published: July 2022

The chapter attempts to look at different themes and issues relating to the use of Assamese language on Facebook. This study examines the changes observed at different levels of linguistic analysis. The users have been seen making some changes at phonological level which is associated with the phonemes or sounds in Assamese. Modifications have also been observed regarding the use of sentence structure as well as phrase structure, and the matters related to these areas have been dealt with at a grammatical level. Since linguistic analysis covers a vast area, some specific domains are being dealt with in this chapter, especially from the areas of phonology, morphology, and syntax.
Water-Level Prediction Utilizing Datamining Techniques in Watershed Management
Authors: P. Umamaheswari
Published: July 2022

The massive wastage of water occurs due to irregular heavy rainfall and water released from dams. Many statistical methods are of the previous techniques used to predict water level, which give approximate results. To overcome this disadvantage, gradient descent algorithm has been used. This gives more accurate results and provides higher performance. K-means algorithm is used for clustering, which iteratively assigns each data point to one of the k groups according to the given attribute. The clustered output will be refined for further processing in such a way that the data will be extracted as ordered datasets of year-wise and month-wise data. Clustering accuracy has been improved to 90.22%. Gradient descent algorithm is applied for reducing the error. It also helps in predicting the amount of water to be stored in watershed for future usage. Watershed development appears to be helpful in terms of groundwater recharge, which benefits the farmers. It can also be used for domestic purposes.
Guidelines for the selection of hydrogen gas inhalers based on hydrogen explosion accidents
Authors: Ichikawa Yusuke , Hirano Shin-ichi , Sato Bunpei , Yamamoto Haru , Takefuji Yoshiyasu , Satoh Fumitake
Published: July 2022

Despite the fact that we have reported on the dangers of the explosion of hydrogen gas inhalers, hydrogen gas inhalers with explosive hazards are, as a matter of fact, still being sold today. In this study, we investigated past reports of hydrogen gas inhaler explosion accidents to clarify the causes of these explosion incidents. As a result of this investigation, we found that the central cause was the leakage of hydrogen gas inside the hydrogen gas inhaler. Although it is said that the explosive concentration of hydrogen is between 10% and 75%, and that the gas does not explode above 75% due to the lack of oxygen, we confirmed through a series of ignition experiments that explosions can occur even in hydrogen gas inhalers that produce 100% hydrogen gas. Some manufacturers of such highly concentrated hydrogen gas inhalers claim that the high concentration and purity of hydrogen is safe and that there is no risk of explosion. We believe that manufacturing or selling such products that pose a risk of explosion or detonation is a violation of social justice. This paper presents ideas for selecting safe hydrogen gas inhalers based on a survey of past accident cases.
Effect of nitrous oxide on clinical outcome in patients undergoing cerebellopontine tumor surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bindu Barkha , Singh Gyaninder Pal , Pandia Mihir Prakash
Published: July 2022

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a unique anesthetic agent that has both advantages and disadvantages, especially in neurosurgical patients. Various studies evaluating the use of N2O in different surgical populations have been inconclusive so far. In this prospective, single-blinded, randomized study, 50 patients of either sex, aged 18–60 years, were enrolled and randomly allocated into N2O or N2O free group. Data including demographics, intraoperative vitals, blood gases, intravenous fluids, anesthetic drug consumption, brain condition, emergence and recovery time, duration of surgery and anesthesia, duration of postoperative ventilation, perioperative complications, condition at discharge, and duration of intensive care unit & hospital stay were recorded. There was no significant difference in intensive care unit or hospital stay between the groups. However, a significant difference in intraoperative heart rate and mean arterial pressure was observed. The incidence of intraoperative tachycardia and hypotension was significantly higher in the N2O free group. Other intra- and post-operative parameters, perioperative complications, and conditions at discharge were comparable. Use of N2O anesthesia for cerebellopontine tumor surgery in good physical grade and well-optimized patients neither increases the length of intensive care unit or hospital stay nor does it affect the complications and conditions at discharge. However, future studies in poor-grade patients with large tumors and raised intracranial pressure will be required to draw a definitive conclusion.
Subacute thyroiditis following COVID19 vaccine: Report of four cases
Authors: El Ghandour Sara , Al Ghazal Nisrine
Published: July 2022

An increase in the incidence of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) following the COVID-19 vaccine. The aim of this report is to shed the light on different presentations of SAT postCOVID-19 vaccine while reviewing the link between the vaccine and subsequent thyroid inflammation. We present the case of a middle-aged man who presented symptoms of SAT 1-week postvaccine. He achieved euthyroidism 6 weeks later. We also present the case of a middle-aged woman with less severe symptoms of SAT 4 weeks after the vaccine. She is in the hypothyroid phase 11 weeks later. A 37-year-old male developed severe symptoms 2 weeks after the first dose and is still hyperthyroid 5 weeks later. A 36-year-old woman presented with silent SAT 3 weeks after the first dose. Cases of SAT following SARS-Cov-2 are now reported increasingly. COVID-19 can cause thyroiditis via direct cell, or alternatively though immune destruction of the thyroid in genetically susceptible individuals. Similarly, the vaccine can promote inflammation through the same mechanisms. Indeed, there is a postulated cross-reactivity between the spike protein and thyroid antigens. More-so, there is the studied vaccine adjuvant effect on the endocrine system, namely the thyroid in this case. Cases of SAT postCOVID-19 vaccines are increasingly reported. Theories are similar to COVID19-induced thyroiditis but also other mechanisms are uniquely mediated by vaccines. A low threshold should be set to diagnose SAT in patients with one or more hyperthyroid symptoms presenting 1–8 weeks postCOVID-19 vaccine.
The impact of lockdown and changes in clinical practice on glycemic control during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of data from the National Diabetes Center, Doha, Qatar
Authors: Alowainati Buthaina , Dabbous Zeinab , Salameh Obada , Hamad Mohammad , Al Hail Layla , Abuheliqa Wajeeha , AL-Janahi Ibrahim , Jayyousi Amin , Zirie Mahmoud
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with international obligations that modified lifestyles and clinical practice. These changes are worrisome for patients with diabetes, as disruption from a routine can have devastating effects on glucose control. This retrospective study aims to assess the impact of lockdown and the efficacy of the instituted changes in patient management on blood sugar control. Methods: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received management through telemedicine at the National Diabetes Center over a lockdown period of 3 months were included. The blood investigations that were done for them as part of standard care were reviewed. Results: A total of 509 patients were included. HbA1c slightly decreased in 49.5% of the patients after the lockdown (P = 0.42). Patients who were not hypertensive experienced a significant reduction in HbA1c (adjusted odds ratios [ORa]: 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39–0.91, P = 0.018) during the lockdown. A significant association between body mass index (BMI) and lower HbA1c level postlockdown was also determined (ORa: 0.95, (95% CI: 0.92–0.98, P = 0.001). A significant HbA1c reduction was only noted in the BMI group of normal weight (mean: 0.46 ± 0.3, P = 0.03). Conclusion: The imposed lockdown due to COVID-19 did not adversely impact the HbA1c level and glycemic control in T1DM and T2DM patients. Inversely, HbA1c improvements were determined in patients with normal weight and blood pressure after the lockdown period.
A cross-sectional study on impulsiveness, mindfulness, and World Health Organization quality of life in heartfulness meditators
Authors: Krishna Dwivedi , Singh Deepeshwar , Prasanna Krishna
Published: July 2022

Context:

Heartfulness meditation (HM) is a heart-based meditation with its unique feature of transmitting energy which may have an impact on mental health and well-being. The present study intends to compare the mental health-related outcomes in long-term HM meditators (LTM), short-term HM meditators (STM), and control groups (CTL).

Materials and Methods:

The self-reported measures of mental health and well-being are reported by using State Trait Anxiety Inventory-II, Barratt Impulsive Scale-11, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Meditation Depth Questionnaire, and World Health Organization Quality of life-BREF. A total of 79 participants (29 females) participated in LTM (n = 28), STM (n = 26), and CTL (n = 25) with age range 30.09 ± 6.3 years.

Results:

The LTM and STM groups showed higher mindfulness along with the depth of meditation, quality of life, and lower anxiety and impulsivity than to CTL group. Our findings suggest that the HM practice enhances mindfulness, reduces anxiety, and regulates impulsivity. The LTM and STM groups showed significant positive trends of mindfulness as compared to CTL.

Conclusion:

The results indicated that HM practice could be an effective intervention for reducing anxious and impulsive behavior by subsequently improving mindfulness-related mental health and well-being.
Respuestas estacionales de condiciones del suelo relacionadas al C y N en un bosque Mediterráneo Chileno afectado por un incendio tras aplicación de enmiendas orgánicas y establecimiento de plantas
Authors: Marín C. , Rojas C.
Published: July 2022

Comprender cómo se comportan los parámetros químicos/físicos y biológicos del suelo después de incendios cada vez más comunes en ecosistemas Mediterráneos Chilenos es fundamental para facilitar su recuperación. Incorporar enmiendas orgánicas en el suelo para potenciar su recuperación post-incendio es prometedor; pero existen brechas importantes respecto a las respuestas estacionales del suelo tras dichas adiciones. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los efectos de diferentes enmiendas orgánicas (compost, estiércol de ave y porcino) y métodos de establecimiento de planta (siembra o plantación), a través de las estaciones observadas en un bosque esclerófilo Mediterráneo Chileno durante un año. La estacionalidad, más que el tipo de enmienda y método de establecimiento, tuvo un fuerte efecto en la mayoría de los doce parámetros edáficos evaluados. A lo largo de las estaciones, el pH, conductividad eléctrica, contenido de agua, y la estabilidad de agregados fueron menos variables que diferentes formas de C y N, unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) de microorganismos heterótrofos y fijadores de N2 de vida libre, y que las actividades de ureasa y amonio monooxigenasa. Las enmiendas a base de estiércol aumentaron el NO3 y las UFC heterótrofas durante otoño y verano, respectivamente. El uso de compost resultó en una mayor cantidad de materia orgánica y C en el suelo, principalmente en verano. Las diferentes respuestas de propiedades abióticas y bióticas del suelo después de incendios y enmiendas orgánicas probablemente pueden influir de manera diferente en procesos relacionados con recuperación ecosistémica, en particular los relacionados con los ciclos de C y N.
Effect of the dried limes (Citrus aurantifolia) on the caffeine kinetic extraction in black tea leaves (kinetic and thermodynamic study)
Authors: Ibrahim Hamadamin Shireen
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were studied for the extraction of caffeine in black tea leaves and tea leaves containing antioxidant dried limes (Citrus aurantifolia). Caffeine is widely used in human consumption and is present in any liquid suitable for drinking except water. However, the health and environmental demerits make it significant to reduce caffeine to much less concentration or decaffeination. Therefore, the effect of the dried antioxidant Citrus aurantifolia on caffeine concentration followed by pseudo-first-order reaction, kinetic parameters (pseudo-first-order rate constant (k), equilibrium absorbance (A∞)), and thermodynamic activation parameters, the activation energy (Ea), change in enthalpy of activation (ΔH#), the change in entropy of activation (ΔS#) and change in activation Gibbs free energy (ΔG#) was calculated at four different temperatures 30, 60, 80, and 100 °C. Using the spectroscopic method the activation energy of the caffeine concentration in free black tea leaves solution (Ea = 13.32 kJmol-1) was higher than the black tea leaves mixed with lime solution (Ea = 9.89 kJmol-1), the higher collision of molecules A-factor (1.96 min-1), and large correlation factor (R2 = 0.95). The thermodynamic activation parameters ΔH#, ΔS#, and ΔG# demonstrate less heat absorption, irreversible, and more spontaneous interaction of lime with caffeine.

 

KEY WORDS: Caffeine, Tea leaves, Citrus aurantifolia, Thermodynamic parameters,  Kinetic

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(3), 697-705.                                                               

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i3.18
Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of volatile oils of Periscopsis laxiflora leaf and stem
Authors: Oloyede Ganiyat K. , Bello Lateefat O.
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT. Pericopsis laxiflora (Fabaceae) is a savannah shrub used traditionally to treat headache, stomach ulcers, heart pain and abdominal pain. Air-dried leaves and stem of the plant were extracted by hydrodistillation and the oils obtained were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial assay was carried out by agar well diffusion method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellae pneumonia, (gram negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus,  Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, (gram positive bacteria);  Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Penicillum notatum and Rhizopus stolonifer (fungi) while antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical method. Oxygenated monoterpenes (32.92%), monoterpenes (22.58%) and sesquiterpenes (21.63%) hydrocarbons dominated the leaves’ oil and monoterpenes (33.63%), sesquiterpenes (18.42%) and diterpenes (21.48%) hydrocarbons dominated the stem’ oil. The leaf oil showed better scavenging activity at 1.0 mL (60.56%) than the stem oil (46.58%) comparing activity with ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) in the antioxidant assay. P. laxiflora stem oil showed highest activity against K. pneumonia and E. coli at 100 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL with comparable activity to gentamicin and tioconazole which are antibacterial and antifungal standards respectively. This study therefore showed that the colourless volatile oils exhibited comparable bioactivity with standards thus, justifying the plant’s ethno medicinal application.

 

KEY WORDS: Pericopsis laxiflora, Fabaceae, Monoterpenes hydrocarbons, Antimicrobial, antioxidant 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(3), 717-725.                                                              

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i3.20
La lettre et son double : Écrire un moi en partance, ou l’injonction d’Artaud
Authors: Le Grand Gaëla
Published: July 2022

The letter and its duality: writing a departing self or Artaud’s injunctio

Artaud’s work includes a large volume of correspondence, which should be given a special status. Neither a work of art, nor an appendix to the work, the letter becomes an object and a body that makes it possible to read Artaud’s corpus, insofar as it provides us with interpretative keys and forces the reader to go back and forth between letters and other writings. It is a sign of the author’s real presence, and demonstrate the idea of a suffering, dispersed and fragmented body. Paradoxically, it symbolizes the very project of the author: collecting the traces of oneself, inscribing oneself in the pure duration, and supplanting the pain of the spatial environment. The letter is the very movement of writing, conceived then as sheer speed.
"La Comtesse polonaise" de Michel Dieudonné : essai de lecture hypertextuelle et transfictionnelle du personnage de Pauliska
Authors: Szczur Przemysław
Published: July 2022

Michel Dieudonné’s "La Comtesse polonaise": attempting a hypertextual and transfictional reading of the character of Pauliska

Basing mainly on concepts introduced by Gérard Genette and Richard Saint-Gelais, the article offers a hypertextual and transfictional lecture of the character of Pauliska that appears in Michel Dieudonné’s play La Comtesse polonaise. The author focuses on the relations between this text and his hypotextual model, namely the novel Pauliska ou la Perversité moderne by Jacques-Antoine Révéroni Saint-Cyr. He tries to show how Michel Dieudonné exploits the generic scheme of gothic novel in a theatrical text, introducing also in his play a more historical perspective and a utopian one. He analyses both similarities and dissimilarities between the two versions of Pauliska, the latter being generated mostly by the mechanisms of intermodal transmodalization. The author sees Michel Dieudonné’s Pauliska as a postmodern, metatextual and critical version of the character imagined by Révéroni Saint-Cyr.
PENINGKATAN KESADARAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DI DESA CIBODAS KECAMATAN PASIRJAMBU BANDUNG
Authors: Mintarsih Mimin
Published: July 2022

Masyarakat di desa Cibodas Kecamatan Pasirjambu Bandung pada umumnya belum memahami secara benar tentang perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang berkaitan dengan  hak-hak anak dan pencegahan perkawinan usia muda berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan. Oleh karena itu perlu diberikan pengetahuan tentang Perlindungan Hukum terhadap anak melalui penyuluhan hukum untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra, terkait upaya pencegahan perkawinan usia dini dan pentingnya pencatatan pernikahan sesuai dengan undang-undang dalam rangka melindungi hak-hak anak. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan pentingnya kegiatan penyuluhan tentang perlindungan hukum terhadap hak-hak anak untuk meningkatkan wawasan pengetahuan dan kesadaran hukum masyarakat di Desa Cibodas Kecamatan Pasirjambu Bandung.
PENYULUHAN UPAYA MENUMBUHKAN RASA AMAN DAN NYAMAN TERHADAP ANAK MELALUI KETELADANAN
Authors: Kunaenih  , Nadiah
Published: July 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian ini hendak mengupayakan permasalahan yang ada pada lembaga pendidikan, dalam rangka menciptakan rasa aman dan nyaman  dalam proses pembelajaran, selain dalam proses pembelajaran. Rasa aman dan nyaman tentunya diperlukan oleh Peserta Didik di dalam lingkungan sekolah sebagai lingkungan pembelajaran melalui keteladanan baik dari Pendidik ataupun teman sebaya. Dengan terciptanya rasa aman dan nyaman saat proses pembelajaran maka hasil belajar akan dapat diraih secara maksimal.

Melalui pengabdian masyarakat yang Fakultas Agama Islam, mencoba menyampaikan bagaimana menciptakan rasa aman dan nyaman bagi anak di lingkungan pendidikan, khususnya di lingkungan yayasan Al-Fath Bekasi Jawa Barat.

Metode yang dilakukan pada pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah forum diskusi kelompok dan penyuluhan tentang hak Peserta Didik untuk mendapatkan rasa aman dan nyaman di sekolah, serta peran mereka dalam proses tersebut. Hasil yang dicapai Peserta Didik aktif dan antusias  dalam penyuluhan upaya menumbuhkan rasa aman dan nyaman terhadap anak melalui keteladanan dan akhlakul karimah.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Upaya Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Ajaran Agama Terhadap Remaja Millenial
Authors: Nahuda  , Nadiah  , Popi Puadah
Published: July 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilatar belakangi dengan permasalahan masih rendahnya nilai-nilai religius dikalangan remaja millennial saat ini, yang menjadi faktor penyebab kurang minat remaja milenial pada Pendidikan Agama. kenakalan remaja yang marak terjadi terutama di kota-kota. Hal ini juga dapat dilihat dari pola dan prilaku remaja yang jauh dari ajaran agama. Remaja merupakan aset orang tua dan negara sebagai generasi muda yang akan meneruskan cita-cita bangsa. Dalam rangka menciptakan rasa cinta pada pendidikan Agama Islam, serta pembentukan karakter yang sarat dengan nuansa nilai-nilai agama pada remaja milenial, di butuhkan sentuhan- sentuhan Agama melalui kegiatan remaja masjid.Melalui pengabdian masyarakat fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Islam Jakarta, Upaya penanamkan nialai-nilai ajaran Agama pada Remaja milenial khususnya bagi Remaja Masjid Al Ikhlas kelurahan Kali baru kecamatan cilincing Jakarta Utara. Metode yang dilakukan pada pengabdian masyarakat ini metode Ceramah dan tanya Jawab dalam penyuluhan tentang urgensi nilai – nilai Ajaran Agama Islam di kalangan remaja, serta peran remaja masjid dalam pembentukan karakter yang sarat dengan muatan ajaran – ajaran agama Islam dalam rangka melahirkan generasi Islam yang berkualitas dan memiliki akhlak mulia
Global Governance: Pure Rhetoric or a New Perspective? A Review Essay
Authors: Tüzgen Abdullah Enes
Published: July 2022

This paper examines usefulness of the concept of global governance in understanding world politics. More specifically it aims at answering two questions: On the practical level, is there global governance in operation in the world today?  In other words, is the world we are living function more with institutions and norms of global governance? On the theoretical level, can global governance framework offer us anything more than traditional theories of international relations to comprehend world politics? The paper first proposes a new method to classify the literature on global governance. After analyzing the works and arguments of the main camps of the debate, the paper answers both questions affirmatively. Global governance theory can contribute to our understanding especially with regard to multiple actors and multiple layers of politics, and historical change in IR.
Students' experience and evaluation of community pharmacy internship in Iraq
Authors: Al-Jalehawi Ahmad , Al-Hamadani Fadya , Attash Heba M. , Aladul Mohammed Ibrahim , Alabdali Aya , Allela Omer Qutaiba , Al-Radeef Mohanad Yasir
Published: July 2022

Background: Pharmacy internship programmes are driven by most developed countries to outweigh the ongoing growth in the pharmacy career which encourages pharmacists to play a significant role as healthcare providers.   
Objectives: This study examines pharmacy students' perception, satisfaction, challenges, and limitations with the internship curriculum.   
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey with different elements to examine students' perceptions of various aspects.   
Result: Most students reported a positive impression regarding their internships, however, they were less satisfied with the allowance for filling prescriptions and compounding also, the college's follow-up was inadequate. Finding a pharmacy and devoted time for the training were the most reported challenges. Whether the preceptor is a pharmacist or not, the duration of the training and the pharmacy type have been demonstrated as important factors in the training outcomes.   
Conclusion: Students have acquired experience and knowledge. However, there are still improvements needed in the interns' perception towards the programme.
Vehicle Counting Method Based on Convolutional Neural Network with Global Density Feature
Authors: Gayathri K , Maheswari K Uma , Harika L Chandra , Jahnavi B , Chandrika B
Published: July 2022

Despite efforts to minimize and reduce it, traffic congestion has been one of the main problems that most metropolises are experiencing. One of the biggest issues facing engineers, planners, and policy-makers in metropolitan settings has been traffic congestion. The proposed approach for managing traffic is based on machine learning methods. To improve traffic control and management, a robust and trustworthy traffic monitoring system is essential. The detection of vehicle traffic a crucial component of the surveillance system. The traffic flow aids in management and control, particularly when there is a traffic jam, by displaying the traffic situation at regular intervals. A traffic surveillance system for vehicle counting is proposed by the proposed system. The suggested technique processes the image and classifies the vehicle using an SVM algorithm, whereas the YOLO-5 system uses convolution neural networks (CNN) to recognise objects in real time. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the suggested system is capable of offering accurate information for traffic surveillance in real time. The use of machine learning techniques helps to lessen traffic and congestion. Additionally, this method lessens the need for human labor when continuous monitoring is used.
Coping Strategies for Inner Conflicts between Gay Bear Identity and Health Concerns
Authors: Lin Chichun , Moore Darren
Published: July 2022

Gay bear refers to a burly gay man with a hirsute body and face. Chinese gay bear men are highly homogeneous and strictly emphasize a uniform bear appearance; however, obesity is an obvious health issue in this population. This study aims to explore the Chinese gay bear men's inner conflicts between bear identity and health concerns. Eleven Chinese gay bear men including four Taiwanese, two mainland Chinese, two Hong Kong, two Malaysian, and one Singaporean were interviewed. The study used a thematic analysis approach and found three coping strategies including (a) Eat healthy but maintain a minimal bear standard; (b) Eat like a bear but go to gym and take physical exam; (c) Reframe the meaning of being a bear or reduce the need of being a bear. This study expects to increase health professionals' knowledge about Chinese gay bear men's inner conflicts between identity and health and to suggest coping strategies for health professionals when addressing this population's health issues.
FSA Science Council Working Group 6 Food Safety and Net Zero Carbon July 2022 Interim Report
Authors: Nicholson Claire , Wastling Jonathan , Gregory Peter , Nunn Paul
Published: July 2022

The UK has a legal commitment to reach net zero carbon (NZC) emissions by 2050.  This is a topic that has recently been building momentum, with clean growth being one of the four Grand Challenges set out by the UK Government.   The ways we grow, process and transport food are major contributors to climate change, accounting for more than a quarter of all greenhouse gas emissions. Reducing this will require substantial changes in agriculture, manufacturing, and transport. Consequently, the Science Council and FSA Chief Scientific Adviser (CSA) agreed that a deeper understanding of the potential implications of achieving net zero on food systems, together with identification of areas of uncertainty, would be of considerable value to FSA in pre-empting future policy and evidence needs in this area. In early discussions to scope the work required, Defra indicated to the FSA Science Council Secretariat that there are many new developments and changes to activity in primary production aimed at achieving net zero. The Science Council agreed, therefore, to concentrate its first investigations on changes expected in primary food production. Primary production is the production of chemical energy in organic forms by living organisms. The main source of this energy is sunlight. For the purposes of this review, primary food production includes the growing and harvesting of plants as food for humans or feed for animals, and the rearing and slaughter of animals including livestock, fish and a wide variety of aquatic and marine organisms. A Science Council Working Group 6 (WG6) began work in summer 2021, led by Science Council members Mrs Claire Nicholson (WG6 Chair) and Prof Jonathan Wastling (WG6 Deputy Chair). The brief for WG6 is to investigate the potential food safety implications arising from changes to primary food production practices and technologies that reduce carbon emissions in the next 10 years. The work programme (described in this report) covers 4 phases, with phases 1 and 2 now complete. The work so far has drawn diverse, wide-ranging, sometimes slightly conflicting, views and opinions from across academia, the FSA, Defra, industry bodies and individual food producers. This interim report summarises: The work undertaken to date (phases 1 and 2) What has been learnt including changes to practice already underway or imminent Issues arising from the changes that the FSA should be aware of Further work planned by WG6 to understand the nature of the risks in more depth (phases 3 and 4) The Science Council aims to complete its investigations by the end of 2022 and present its findings to the FSA Board as soon as possible afterwards.
Media Communications as a Factor of Global Digital Culture
Authors: Ivashchenko Victoria
Published: July 2022

Mass media form the face of modern global digital culture and become a factor in constructing social reality. The main sign of global peace has become the penetration of mass media into all spheres of public life. They form a new culture, contradictory regarding the dialogue of cultures, the existence of national and local cultures, etc. A new information culture or media culture is entering the arena, the means of forming media communications. The authors explored the scientific theoretical justifications for media communications as a new communication phenomenon as a factor in global digital culture. The study’s novelty lies in identifying the problems and threats to the development of modern media communications, features of the transformation of media communication into Web communications, and the grouping of issues and threats to the development of modern media communications through the influence of global digital culture. It has been proven that media communications are a guarantor of the free exchange of information, which provides them with maximum opportunities to lay the foundations of the global information society.
Economic Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Potential, Energy-Use and Sustainability of Maize Production in Karnataka
Authors: Blay James Kofi
Published: July 2022

This study was conducted to examine the energy use pattern, efficiency, sustainability and GHG reduction potential in maize production in Karnataka State through a non-parametric production function (DEA) and threshold dynamic panel model framework. Cross-sectional panel data obtained from cost of cultivation scheme was used for the study. The results illustrated that the total input energies in maize production for the period under study increased from 73.01 thousand MJ ha-1in 2010-11 to 95.03 thousand MJha-1in 2017-18. Energy usage pattern indicated that power and electricity consumed for irrigation were the main energy inputs consumed in maize production in the study region. The farmers were technical inefficiency (0.851) implying that 14.9 per cent of the overall resources in the production process could be saved. The total CO2 emission was calculated as 45.17 thousand kg CO2 eq ha-1. By energy optimization, the total energy consumption can be reduced to 105.7 thousand MJ ha-1 corresponding to total CO2 emission reduction potential to value at 5.7 thousand kg CO2eq ha-1. Sustainability of the farm was characterized by positive growth at a low rate of 0.07% per annum and thus, higher efficiency level accompanied by high level of productivity resulted in potential reduction emission level among the farmers. It is, therefore; recommended that government policies should be geared towards practices that tend to improve efficiency and productivity of the farmers through effective extension education.
Economic Efficiency of Resource Use in Sugarcane Production in Haryana
Authors: R Ritu
Published: July 2022

The present study was carried out to study the resource use efficiency in sugarcane cultivation. One block having maximum area under sugarcane namely Radaur and Rohtak from Yamunanagar and Rohtak district respectively was selected purposively. Further three villages of each selected block were selected randomly. From each village, 20 farmers were selected randomly. Finally, 120 farmers of six villages were interviewed to extract all desired information. Cobb-douglas production function was fitted to work out the extent of efficacy of resource use in sugarcane cultivation. The outcomes of study reveal that in planted conditions of Yamunanagar, expenditure on machine labour and seed whereas in Rohtak, expenditure on human labour, seed, chemical fertilizers and plant protection fertilizers were found positive and statistically significant specifying inefficiency of these inputs. In ratoon conditions of Yamunanagar, expenditure on human labour, plant protection chemicals and irrigation was found to be positive and statistically significant indicating that inputs were not used efficiently whereas, in Rohtak, the inputs under-utilized were human labour, plant protection chemicals and chemical fertilizers.
Disparities in Socio-economic Development in Kerala: A Disaggregated Analysis
Authors: V.P Preethi,
Published: July 2022

The socio-economic development of each district is crucial for the overall development of a State which improves the quality of life of people. In this context, this paper examines the level of development of different districts in Kerala with the help of Weighted Mean Development Index (WMDI). The study covered all fourteen districts of the state. The level of development was examined separately for population, health, education, transportation and communication, industries, agriculture, animal husbandry, tourism, banking, crime and overall socio-economic development using district-level data for the year 2019-20 on forty-five socio-economic indicators including ten major sectors. Findings show that the composite indices of overall socio-economic development ranged between 0.21 and 0.70 with the district of Ernakulam ranked first and the least ranked district was Pathanamthitta. Ernakulam and Thiruvananthapuram were the most developed districts whereas, Kasargode, Wayanad and Pathanamthitta were the least developed. The level of development in different districts of the state has shown wide disparities. It would be useful to investigate and evaluate the level of development at a lower level, such as Tehsil or block level, in order to make location-specific recommendations, as most low-developed districts have areas that are better developed than others.
An Econometric Analysis of Food Inflation in India
Authors: B Teena Lakshmi,
Published: July 2022

"In India, Food inflation seems to be persistent in recent years. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between macroeconomic growth variables and food inflation in India. The period of study was from 1982-83 until 2019-20, the data on food wholesale price index, consumer price index for agricultural labour, interest rate and exchange rate were collected from various secondary sources; dummy variables of trade liberalisation and National Food Security Mission were utilised in this study. The collected data were analysed to check cointegration relationships among the variables by using the Johansen Cointegration Test (JCT) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). From 1982-83 to 2019-20, food inflation has been increasing at a rate of 7.47 per cent per annum. Among all the commodities eggs, meat and fish (148.9 %) were found to have a high percentage change in inflation over the last decade (2010 to 2020). The JCT results revealed a long-run cointegration relationship between variables, with three cointegration equations. The error correction model result suggested the existence of a short-run relationship between the variables and the previous year’s error term was corrected at a 12.6 per cent convergence speed within the year. The Chow test was used to estimate the presence of structural breaks, and the findings (Fcal>Ftab) revealed that there was a substantial difference between the coefficients of the three groups. The core idea of the study is that food inflation and other macroeconomic targets must be consistent."
Disparities in Agricultural Development among the Districts- Findings from North East India
Authors: Yumnam Anjoo
Published: July 2022

The present study evaluated the disparities in agricultural development within the NE region of India by computing the composite agricultural development index (CI) for 90 districts from all the 8 states of the region. The study revealed that there was a wide range of variability in the composite index of agricultural development among the districts. States like Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh were found to have high average CI but the variability within the state was found to be higher than other states. Assam, Manipur and Sikkim were ranked lower in agricultural development but were found to be more symmetrically developed than the rest of the states. To bring uniform development in agricultural sector, the extent of improvements required in different indicators for the poor performing districts were estimated by identifying the model districts. Potential targets were estimated from the model districts. The results from all the states showed that the actual achievements were lower than the potential targets for almost all the development indicators in the low developed districts. A general recommendation for all the districts would be an improvement in the crops and livestock production. Adequate number of veterinary institutions should be set up to provide required services for livestock population. Improvement in the crop sector should be focused on increasing irrigation and more efficient use of area by double cropping. Fertilizers gives the needed plant nutrients when used in recommended doses. However, efforts should be made to provide the needed plant nutrients by organic sources like FYM and to adopt practices which conserve soil nutrients.
Economic Contribution of Innovations Developed in National Agricultural Research System (NARS): Case of GPU 28 Variety of Finger Millet
Authors: K Suresh, .
Published: July 2022

The economic impact of the most successful innovation in Ragi (finger millet) through GPU 28 variety in Karnataka was demonstrated using partial budgeting technique. The incremental benefit of GPU 28 variety of Ragi over Indaf 5 variety was estimated to be ` 3244 per acre. The economic impact of GPU 28 variety incorporating the probability of performance and the rate of adoption of technology including the depreciation of technology considering field conditions was ` 1168 per acre. The economic contribution of the variety for Karnataka state as a whole was ` 181.84 crores assuming 80 percent of the area under Ragi in Karnataka.
Analysis of Growth Trends of Production and Consumption of Fertilizer Nutrients in India
Authors: Sharma Nitin
Published: July 2022

The present study was carried out to determine the trend in production and consumption in India from 1990-91 to 2019-20. The study had been divided into three phases viz. I period (1990-91 to 1999-2000), II period (2000-01 to 2009-10) and III (2010-11 to 2019-20). The compound growth rates (CGRs) of production and consumption were estimated as for three phases as well as for the overall period. The consumption of fertilizer is continuously increased year by year. Only nitrogen fertilizer shows positive growth i.e., 0.35 per cent. The annual growth rate of consumption of Nitrogen, phosphatic and potassic fertilizer is 3.04, 3.77 and 4.09 per cent respectively between 1990-91 to 2018-19. The highest growth of consumption has been registered in potassic fertilizer. However, after 2010-11 there is a negative trend and considerable decline in fertilizer use. The growth rate falls to -0.21 per cent, with phosphatic fertilizer decline at -1.29 per cent and potassic fertilizer at -0.31 per cent.
Materiais Didáticos Manipuláveis para o Ensino de Geometria
Authors: Brito Mirian Ferreira de , Correia Vinicius Christian Pinho
Published: July 2022

Os conhecimentos geométricos podem ser observados em todos os momentos da nossa vida, seja nos formatos dos pequenos objetos que nos cercam, seja nas grandiosas construções das civilizações humanas. Este fato mostra a importância e a necessidade de incluir seus conteúdos nos espaços escolares de maneira criativa e dinâmica. Para isso, construímos projetos que enfatizam os conhecimentos geométricos com um deles voltados para o ensino de geometria envolvendo materiais didáticos. O projeto foi desenvolvido numa pesquisa durante o Programa de Iniciação Científica (IC) 2019-2020, da Universidade do Estado da Bahia - UNEB no Campus Senhor do Bonfim. Neste artigo apresentamos um recorte desta pesquisa com objetivo de catalogar materiais didáticos manipuláveis que podem auxiliar o professor de matemática que leciona geometria para o sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa ancora-se na perspectiva da abordagem qualitativa e pautou sua construção na revisão bibliográfica de livros, artigos e laboratórios de matemática e geometria de universidades públicas brasileiras. Os dados coletados foram selecionados, analisados e consolidaram 10 categorias. Como resultados catalogamos 92 materiais didáticos manipuláveis que podem ajudar no ensino de conteúdos geométricos para os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental e, destes, 30 podem ser propostos para o sexto ano.
PERTAUTAN NILAI AGAMA DALAM TRADISI: PARERESAN DALAM MAKNA KEISLAMAN
Authors: Putria Uus
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the local wisdom of the Sundanese people in relation to the natural environment, especially Pareresan in Sangiang, Majalengka Regency. This study is field research, which is a study that examines objects in the field to get data and a clear and concrete picture of things related to the problems studied. The results showed that the existing values were closely related to the Pareresan traditional ceremony. The Pareresan is a tradition to express gratitude for the abundant harvest. The tradition that has been passed down by the ancestors of the Majalengka people of West Java, Indonesia, especially in Sangiang Village has religious values, aesthetic values, mutual cooperation values, the value of deliberation, the value of kindness, the value of gentle Sundanese silih asih, silih asah dan silih asuh. Religious values are the most dominant. The implication of this research is that Pareresan culture needs to be preserved by upholding the Islamic values. Keywords: local wisdom, Pareresan, Sunda, Tradition.