bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of the genus Myiomma (Heteroptera: Miridae: Isometopinae) from the Korean Peninsula
Authors: OH MINSUK , KIM WONWOONG , KIM WONGUN , LEE SEUNGHWAN
Published: January 2025

In this study, we report the genus Myiomma from the Korean peninsula for the first time, with the description of a new species Myiomma koreana sp. nov. A morphological diagnosis for the genus is provided, accompanied by images of the dorsal habitus and female and male genital structures. Additionally, a key is presented for the identification of the 12 known East Asian species of Myiomma. COI sequence data for the new species are included, along with a neighbor-joining (NJ) tree analysis. This analysis revealed that a COI sequence previously submitted to GenBank, attributed to Myiomma kukai Yasunaga & Hayashi 2002, was a misidentification of our new species.
Evaluation of the Determinants of Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Moustapha Djite , Matar Kandji , Oumou Barry , Maréme Thioune , Ndane Diouf , Ndoumbé Mbacke-Niang , Malick Ndour , Fatou Coly-Gueye , Dominique Doupa , Fatou Gueye-Tall , Rokhaya Ndiaye-Diallo , Philomène Lopez-Sall , Madieye Gueye
Published: January 2025

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from a defect in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. When not well controlled, it leads to long-term microangiopathic complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Against this backdrop, we set out to evaluate microalbuminuria and the clinical and biological factors associated with it in subjects with type 2 diabetes. This is a prospective, descriptive study including type 2 diabetic patients well followed at the Mark Sankale Center of the Abass Ndao Hospital in Dakar. Biochemical parameters (microalbuminuria, lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose) were measured using enzymatic techniques with the Cobas 6000/c501® system (Roche, Hitachi, Germany). XLSTAT software was used to evaluate the data, and a value of p<0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. A total of 166 diabetic patients with a mean age of 54 ±13.9 years and a sex ratio of 0.50 were included in our study. Microalbuminuria was present in 40.36% of the study population. Among patients with unbalanced diabetes, 50.74% had positive microalbuminuria. When hypertension was associated with diabetes, microalbuminuria was positive in 61.19% of patients. In terms of dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia was the only abnormality significantly associated with microalbuminuria (p<0.001). Microalbuminuria is an essential parameter in the detection of diabetic nephropathy. In our study, its occurrence was associated with several abnormalities, including unbalanced diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.
Effect of NPS Rate and Rhizobium Inoculation on Yield and Yield Components of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgari L.) at Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Emisha Lemesa , Abera Dereje , Fayisa Hambisa
Published: January 2025

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important and widely cultivated pulse crops in most developing countries. However, its cultivation is constrained mainly by low soil fertility and lack of improved agronomic practices. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Rhizobium inoculation, NPS fertilizer rate, and their interaction effect on grain yield and yield components of common bean and to recommend the appropriate combination that can maximize the productivities of common bean in the study areas. Six levels of NPS rates (0, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 kg ha-1) and three levels of Rhizobium strains (un-inoculated, BH429 and BH-A-15) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in factorial arrangement. The collected data were analyzed by SAS software. Main effect of rhizobium strain exerted significant effect on effective branch/plant, however, NPS levels significantly influenced days to 50% flowering, days to 90% maturity, nodule/plant, effective branch/plant, pod/plant and grain yield. The main effect of experimental location imposed significant effect on most of agronomic parameters including pod/plant and grain yield. Significantly higher mean grain yield was recorded at Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center and Igu experimental locations compared to Sago, which had the lower mean value of grain yield. Application of NPS rate with rhizobium strain affected number of effective branch/planr, while the interaction of NPS rate with location influenced number of days to 90% maturity, effective branch/plant, pod/plant, seed/pod and grain yield. Significantly higher mean grain yield was obtained by applying 100, 125 and 150 Kg/ha of NPS at Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center and Igu, by applying 125 and 150 Kg/ha of NPS at Sago. Based on partial budget analysis the highest net benefit (Birr 31792.34 ha-1) was obtained from combined application of 100 kg blended NPS ha-1 with un-inoculated strain which had 811% marginal rate of return. Hence, application of 100 kg NPS ha-1 without inoculation of the strain was recommended for common bean productivity enhancement in the study area.
Genetic and Phenotypic Correlation Estimation for Growth Traits of Holstein Friesian X Boran Crossbred Dairy Cattle in the Central Highland of Ethiopia
Authors: Wodajo Fikadu , Kebede Damitie , Taye Mengistie
Published: January 2025

Genetic factors are unique to each population and might vary over time as a result of selection and management strategies. As a result, this study sought to explore the genetic and phenotypic relationships of growth traits in Holstein Friesian (HF) x Boran (Bo) crossbred dairy cattle raised at the Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC) dairy farm. The performance data of 14,062 crossbred calves gathered over 22 years (1997-2018) were evaluated. The significance of fixed factors, such as year of birth, season of birth, calf sex, and genotype, was assessed using the General Linear Model (GLM) approach in SAS software (9.0). The Average Information Restricted Maximum Likelihood (AI-REML) technique was used with WOMBAT software to assess genetic and phenotypic relationships for growth traits while fitting an animal model. The most significant direct genetic correlation was identified between yearling weight and post-weaning average daily gain, with a value of 0.944±0.02. This was followed by a correlation of 0.84±0.04 between weaning weight and six-month weight. In contrast, birth weight exhibited weaker genetic relationships with weaning weight (0.07±0.11) and pre-weaning average daily gain (0.10±0.12). The genetic correlations among various growth traits ranged from 0.94±0.02 to 0.07±0.11, whereas the phenotypic correlations spanned from 0.93±0.04 to -0.03±0.04. Early selection in calves is advantageous because the largely moderately positive genetic correlations imply little genetic antagonism and show that choosing for one trait is likely to enhance other growth traits.
Distribution and Importance of Barley Diseases in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Getinet Adina , Yalew Desalegn , Berhan Muluadam , Abebawu Ynebeb
Published: January 2025

Barley is an important commodity, mostly used as feed for animals, malt and food for human consumption. Diseases are considered as the most important biotic factors that limit the production of the crop in Ethiopia in general and South Gondar zone in particular. However, the statuses of barley diseases distribution and importance have not well studied in this area. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the distribution and importance of barley diseases in the study area. Field surveys were carried out at the period of 2021 and 2022 main growing season in major Barley growing districts of South Gondar zone. Survey results revealed the prevalence and intensity of different diseases of Barley across the districts at different levels. Among 93 observed fields, Net blotch was the most prevalent (77.52%) while the maximum severity up to 75% was recorded for scald and highest disease incidence up to 25% was recorded for smut. Therefore, initiation of integrated diseases management option at hot spot area of each disease was suggested, in addition to continuously evaluating the new sources of Barley genotypes for further breeding program.
Genetic Merits of Ethiopian Barley Landraces in Developing Variety for Moisture-Stressed Environments: A Review
Authors: Shuro Aliyi
Published: January 2025

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop grown in diverse agro-ecological zones worldwide, ranging from lowland (in regions facing moisture stress) to highland areas. Ethiopian barley landraces are known for their resilience to these stresses, and they possess valuable genetic traits that make them a potential resource for developing drought-tolerant varieties. This review highlights the genetic diversity of Ethiopian barley landraces and their role in improving barley's resilience to moisture stress, which is increasingly important in the face of climate change. The genetic traits of Ethiopian barley landraces, such as drought resistance, water-use efficiency, and yield stability under water-limited conditions, are central to their ability to thrive in challenging environments. These traits have evolved over centuries, allowing Ethiopian barley to adapt to the country’s diverse agro-ecological zones. With Ethiopia recognized as a center of genetic diversity for barley, the local landraces represent a critical genetic reservoir for breeding drought-tolerant varieties that can withstand the unpredictable rainfall patterns associated with climate change. Conventional methods, such as hybridization and selection have shown success in improving drought tolerance by incorporating desirable traits from landraces into elite cultivars. Despite the considerable potential of Ethiopian barley landraces, several challenges hinder their full utilization. These include genetic erosion due to the widespread adoption of modern cultivars, the impacts of climate change on traditional growing conditions, and limited research infrastructure. Addressing these challenges will require collaborative efforts between farmers, researchers, and international organizations to conserve and exploit the genetic resources of Ethiopian barley. By doing so, Ethiopia can enhance the development of drought-resistant barley varieties that will contribute to global food security in the face of changing climate conditions.
Green Spaces in Yamoussoukro Secondary Schools (Ivory Coast)
Authors: Augustin Ambé , Richard Pounda , Jean-Clovis Kouadio , Hervé Kouassi , Edouard N’guessan
Published: January 2025

The Scientific High School and Mamie Adjoua High School, the only secondary schools in the city of Yamoussoukro, have green spaces, but with of different compositions of different plant species. This study enabled us to assess the plant diversity of these green spaces and to estimate the carbon stock of tree species. To achieve this objective, a floristic inventory was carried out and diameter measurements at breast height (dbh ≥ 2.5 cm) were taken on the trees in order to estimate the carbon stock from the calculated biomass. A total of 110 species were counted, with a higher number in the Mamie Adjoua High School. Caryota mitis is the most important species in terms of individuals. The carbon stock of green spaces in these schools is 39.71 t/ha, with the highest value going to the species Delonix regia at 14.15 t/ha. There is also a strong preference for exotic species. Control should therefore be exercised to prevent the intrusion and establishment of invasive exotic species, even if these species are remarkable for their diversity. This study also showed that the green spaces in schools help to reduce greenhouse gases by playing an air purifying role appreciated by students and administrative staff in the city of Yamoussoukro.
Assessment of Indoor PM2.5 Concentration and Its Metal Compounds in Select Residential Dwellings in Antananarivo and Mahajanga Cities, Madagascar
Authors: Harinoely Manovantsoatsiferana , Andriamahenina Njaka , Ravoson Herinirina , Andrianirinamanantsoa Natolotriniavo , Rasoazanany Elise , Rakotozafy Lucienne , Rabesiranana Naivo
Published: January 2025

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is crucial for human health, especially in urban areas where people spend most of their time indoors. In cities like Antananarivo and Mahajanga, Madagascar, various factors contribute to poor IAQ, posing significant health risks. A total of 26 samples were collected, comprising 16 samples from Antananarivo and 10 from Mahajanga. The concentrations of PM2.5 and metallic trace elements (Aluminum (Al), Titanium (Ti), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and Lead (Pb)) were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Statistical methods, including the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, independent samples t-tests for comparing means between cities, and one-way ANOVA for analyzing site-to-site variation within cities, were applied to assess the data. The analysis revealed a variation in PM2.5 concentration ranging from 4.80 µg/m³ to 58.45 µg/m³, with a mean PM2.5 concentration of 24.39 µg/m³ across all sampling sites, with 68.75% of samples from Antananarivo and 50.00% from Mahajanga exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 15 µg/m³. The average concentrations of the metallic trace elements aluminium, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc and lead were 0.6797 µg/m³, 0.0382 µg/m³, 0.0015 µg/m³, 0.0176 µg/m³, 0.4045 µg/m³, 0.0001 µg/m³, 0.0021 µg/m³, 0.0076 µg/m³ and 0.0023 µg/m³ respectively. The independent samples t-tests showed no statistically significant difference in mean PM2.5 concentrations between the two cities. However, the one-way ANOVA indicated significant variability in PM2.5 levels among different sampling sites within each city, highlighting spatial heterogeneity in indoor air pollutant concentrations. This study emphasizes the need for targeted, localized interventions to address disparities in indoor air quality and mitigate health risks associated with elevated PM2.5 levels in urban environment. The findings suggest that further research and policy efforts should focus on developing strategies to improve IAQ in Madagascar's urban areas to safeguard public health.
Effects of a Combination of Honey and Vitamin C on the Blood Parameters of Broiler Chicks
Authors: Azaka Ebele , Nwogor Ufele-Obiesie , Uzonna Ononye , Onyinyechi Offor , Philippa Afoemezie , Janefrances Okeke , Chinasaram Akwuaka , Chinonye Aghalu , Sylvia Olisa , Chinwendu Okafor
Published: January 2025

Poultry production is a good way of boosting the growth of the national economy. This study was conducted to determine the impact of vitamin C and honey on a few blood parameters of broiler chickens. A total of sixty-four-week-old broiler chickens were used in this study. Four experimental diet treatments were given to the chickens. Treatment 1 were given to broilers in cage A that contained no honey and no vitamin C in their drinking water. Treatment 2 was given to broilers in cage B which contained only 5 ml of honey. Treatment 3 was given to broilers in cage C which contained only 100 mg of vitamin C. Treatment 4 was given to broilers in cage D which contained 5 ml of honey and 100 mg of vitamin C. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks during which the following parameters were monitored; PCV and plasma protein. Analysis of variance was performed on the gathered data at a 5% significance level. The result of this study revealed that the highest PCV increase was recorded in the broiler chicks in Treatment 4 (27.40%) while the least was recorded in Treatment 1 (23.80%). After ten weeks, the PCV rise of broiler chicks receiving the four treatments did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The highest total protein was recorded in the broiler chicks in Treatment 3 (3.70 g/dl) while the least total protein (2.20 g/dl) was recorded in Treatment 4. The total protein of broiler chicks that received the four treatments for ten weeks varied significantly (P<0.05). The highest albumin was recorded in the broiler chicks in Treatment 2 (2.23 g/dl) while the least albumin (1.20 g/dl) was recorded in Treatments 1 and 4. There was significant difference between the albumin of broiler chicks given T3 and other treatments (P<0.05) except T2 (P>0.05) for 10 weeks. The highest globulin was recorded in the broiler chicks in Treatment 3 (1.67 g/dl) while the least globulin (1.10 g/dl) was recorded in Treatment 2 and 4. There was significant difference between the globulin of broiler chicks given T3 and other treatments (P<0.05) for 10 weeks. It was determined that combining honey and vitamin C is preferable than utilizing them separately as well as the control water.
Interdisciplinary Communication in the Intensive Care Unit at Saint Peter Specialized Hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023: A Mixed-method Study
Authors: Mohammed Abdurehman , Sileshi Chekole , Nigussie Yared , Yesuf Mustofa , Diress Getachew
Published: January 2025

Background Effective team communication and coordination are recognized as being crucial for improving quality and safety in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to Exploring Interdisciplinary communication and its determinants in health professionals. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study and an exploratory qualitative study were conducted among 333 health professionals working at Saint Peter Specialized Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Descriptive summary statistics and binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to explore the determinant factors of Interdisciplinary communication use, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Result: from quantitative study over all communication openness is 95(28.5%), communication accuracy is 180(54.1%), good perception 194(58.3)% and understand patient care goal 101 (30.3%). Multivariable logistic analyses showed that communication openness between General Practitioner To resident [AOR=2.9; 95%CI= (1.55-5.5)], communication openness between General Practitioner to Laboratories [AOR=1.847; 95%CI= (1.084-3.146)] educational levels, [AOR=3.2; 95%CI= (0.156-0.83)], work experience [AOR=2.84; 95%CI= (1.088-7.416)], From qualitative study, revealed from focused group discussion and in-depth interview three themes emerged, namely, no interdisciplinary communication guide/tool, ICU has no good communication with other departments and Shortage of equipment and medication on ICU. Recommendation: should be better to increase communication openness between health professionals. It is better to establish an interdisciplinary communication guide/tool, good communication with other departments, and bring adequate equipment and medication for the ICU.
How Software Quality May End World Hunger
Authors: Pavani Gilberto , Pavani Lucas
Published: January 2025

Software Quality could end world hunger by producing better quality software, as the total cost generated by poor software quality in the U.S. amounted to $2.08 trillion in 2020, while the director of the United Nations' World Food Program stated in 2021 that it would take approximately $40 billion a year to end world hunger by 2030. As the cost of food is the leading cause of 828 million people sleeping hungry around the globe, Software Quality can significantly contribute in several ways to its reduction by producing more profitable software, so that companies may be able to invest the surplus resources in other areas such as food production, as well as in the development of specific software that reduces overall losses in planting, harvesting, transporting and storing food, contributing to the reduction of its final market price, which in turn will allow the access of a greater number of people to the nutrients necessary for their day-to-day sustenance. Thus, there is a need to gather the initiatives presented in this work to allow the global quantification of losses, enabling rapid decision making for their reduction, as well as improving the functionality of these software programs with the use of artificial intelligence techniques.
Evaluation of Agricultural Soils Amended with Crop Straw and Straw Biochar on Reduction of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Runoff and Leaching Losses
Authors: Bah Hamidou , Akueson Adoté , Zhu Bo
Published: January 2025

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses throughout agricultural soils runoff and leaching can contribute to agricultural non-point source pollution. Here, we conducted an evaluation of long-term effects of mineral fertilizer (NPK), crop straw combined with mineral fertilizer (CSNPK), crop straw biochar combined with mineral fertilizer (BSNPK), and the control with no fertilizer (CK) on runoff and leaching losses of N and P forms in the intensive agricultural cropland. Following that, nitrogen and phosphorus runoff and leaching losses were measured using the free-drain field lysimeter method overs a two years experiment. The results indicated that, the nitrogen forms runoff losses of nitrate N, dissolved organic N and particulate N, accounted by 12.0-64.0%, of the total N runoff losses, while the phosphorus forms runoff losses of particulate P accounted about 98.0% of the total P runoff losses. Similarly, nitrate N, dissolved organic N and particulate N leaching losses, accounted for 25-61% of total N leaching losses, whereas, particulate leaching loss accounted 87% of the total P leaching losses. The total N and P losses fluxes strongly correlated with runoff and leaching discharges, while the relationships between total P losses fluxes and leaching discharges was described by a significant exponential function. The study shows that the combination of crop straw of either straw of biochar with mineral fertilizer could significantly reduce N and P runoff and leaching losses.
The Neurological and Hemorrhagic Faces of Dengue: A Case of Encephalitis with Upper GI Bleed
Authors: Hafeez Waqar , Ashraf Muhammad , Asif Fatima , Arbaz Hafiz , Umar Muhammad , Hassaan Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection caused by the dengue virus, belonging to the Flavivirus genus and primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It is prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical regions, affecting millions of people globally each year. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 390 million dengue infections occur annually, with approximately 96 million manifesting clinically. The epidemiology of dengue is influenced by several factors, including climate change, urbanization, and globalization, which facilitate the spread of the vector and the virus. While the typical presentation of dengue includes high-grade fever, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and rash, the disease can escalate to more severe forms, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). These severe forms can lead to life-threatening complications, necessitating prompt recognition and intervention. DHF is characterized by plasma leakage, thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhagic manifestations, which can culminate in significant morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology underlying these severe manifestations is complex and involves the interplay of the virus, host immune response, and genetic predisposition. Additionally, neurological involvement, such as dengue encephalitis, and gastrointestinal (GI) complications, such as upper GI bleeding, are rare but increasingly recognized complications. This case report describes the clinical course of a young adult male who initially presented with typical dengue symptoms but developed severe complications during hospitalization. His clinical course included the development of dengue encephalitis and upper GI bleeding, both of which were primarily driven by plasma leakage and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Through this case, we aim to shed light on the atypical manifestations of dengue fever and the importance of early recognition and management of these complications.
Assessment of Antibiotics Resistance from Isolates Responsible for UTI in Four Regional Referral Hospitals in Tanzania
Authors: Mtenga Adelard , Fimbo Adam , Hipolite Danstan , Makonope Revocatus , Mwambene Saxon , Hebron Yonah , Mwamwitwa Kissa , Sangeda Raphael
Published: January 2025

The global impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) includes increased morbidity and mortality rates and healthcare costs, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and it has dire economic and security implications. This study assessed the resistance of clinical isolates responsible for urinary tract infections (UTI) to antibacterial agents for treating UTIs in selected healthcare facilities in Tanzania. A total of 151 clinical isolates of E. coli and S. aureus isolated from urine samples in selected health facilities were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility to establish the presence of individual and multi-drug resistance (MDR). The results revealed that E. Coli displayed a significant difference in resistance (χ2 =12.808, p =0.002) across the selected antibiotics, in which E. coli showed the highest resistance to amoxicillin (AML) and the least resistance to meropenem (p <0.005). In contrast, S. aureus isolates showed a significant difference. (χ2=53.627, p-value<0.001) in resistance across the selected antibiotics, in which S. aureus showed the highest resistance to AML, peaking at more than 91%, and least resistant (4%) to nitrofurantoin (NIT) (4%). When p-value<0.005, both E. coli and S. aureus demonstrated MDR against selected antibiotics in all health facilities under study, in which Morogoro Regional Referral Hospital showed the highest (65.4%) for E. coli and Benjamin Mkapa Hospital showed the highest (83.3%) for S. aureus. Similarly, Maweni Regional Referral Hospital demonstrated the lowest MDR for E. coli (23%) and S. aureus (13%). Finding suggest that some antibiotics are still in used in clinical practice despite of the evidence of emerging resistance against them hence it call for effective regular AMR surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship implementation to optimize antibiotics use in clinical practice and exclude less efficacious ones.
Review on Second Quantum Revolution Its Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Somano Takele , Seid Mahmud , Chanie Lakachew
Published: January 2025

This review explores the Second Quantum Revolution, which builds on the foundations of the first to advance quantum science and technology significantly. We examine the diverse fields under this revolution, including quantum information technologies, quantum electromechanical systems, coherent quantum electronics, quantum optics, and coherent matter technologies. Assess the societal and ethical implications of the second quantum revolution and provide insights into its potential impact on various sectors, including healthcare, finance, communication, and technology, the knowledge dissemination and awareness of the second quantum revolution. The review emphasizes the transformative potential of these advancements for the economy, computing, and communication networks. Additionally, we address the critical challenges that must be overcome, such as the development of fault-tolerant quantum systems and the seamless integration of quantum and classical technologies. Ethical considerations related to privacy, security, and societal impacts are also discussed, highlighting the need for a thoughtful reevaluation of quantum technology's role in modern society. Ultimately, this review outlines the immense opportunities presented by the Second Quantum Revolution while providing insights into the multifaceted challenges it faces, setting the stage for future research and innovation in this groundbreaking field.
Scalar Field, Quantum Numbers, and Charges in Physics
Authors: Kondratenko Petro
Published: January 2025

Based on consideration of the hierarchy of the Universe within the framework of the model of creation of the Universe with minimum initial entropy (UMIE), it is shown that the Universe has a hierarchical structure with 7 levels: 1 - Elementary particles, 2 - Atomic nuclei, 3 - Atoms, molecules, molecular systems, plasma, 4 - Planetary systems, 5 - Star systems, 6 - Cluster of galaxies, 7 - Metagalaxy. Each hierarchical level corresponds to its own physical interaction (Weak, Strong, Electromagnetic, Gravitational I, Gravitational II, Gravitational III, and Gravitational IV) and corresponding charges (leptons, baryons, electrically charged particles, and reduced masses as charges of multi-dimensional gravitational interactions on the upper 4 hierarchical levels). It is shown that the first three types of interactions are realized exclusively in the Universe, while all gravitational interactions are multi-dimensional. It is shown that all physical interactions use the Scalar Field as the controlling field responsible for the manifestation of the interaction. It is shown that the value of the gravitational interaction constant between stars in a galaxy is greater, between galaxies in clusters is smaller, and between galaxy clusters is even smaller than for planetary systems. Such a fact can be interpreted as an addition of repulsive forces between galaxy clusters.
Novice Omani Nurses' Readiness for Practice: Challenges and Insights from a National Study
Authors: Ambusaidi Mohammed , Jahdami Abeer , Rashdi Siham , Mashaykhi Alya
Published: January 2025

Background: The transition from student to professional nurse is often challenging, marked by stress, role confusion, and limited confidence in clinical practice. This study addresses a critical gap in research by exploring the readiness of Omani nursing graduates for professional practice, focusing on their knowledge, clinical competencies, and factors influencing their transition. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted across multiple healthcare institutions in Oman, targeting recent nursing graduates and participants in internship programs. Data were collected using the 2023 Casey-Fink Graduate Nurse Experience Survey, a validated tool with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.890. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and independent t-tests, were performed using SPSS Version 23 to evaluate participants' perceived readiness and competencies. Results: The study included 194 novice nurses, with 86% from the Oman College of Health Sciences. The mean overall knowledge score was 3.56/4, highlighting high perceived competency. However, significant gaps were identified in areas such as initiating IV therapy (M=2.23), administering blood products (M=1.78), and managing violent patients (M=1.80). Confidence in clinical tasks like EKG interpretation and rapid response initiation was also limited. Participants in structured programs, such as internships and enhancement initiatives, reported slightly higher readiness scores, though differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Stress emerged as a pervasive challenge, with 46.9% strongly agreeing that work-induced stress impacted their performance. Conclusions: This study reveals substantial variability in the readiness of Omani novice nurses, emphasizing the need for enhanced clinical training, mentorship, and targeted interventions to address competency gaps. The findings provide valuable insights for nursing educators, internship coordinators, and policymakers in refining curricula and support programs to improve graduate preparedness for clinical practice.
Pediatric Patient and Parent Attitudes Towards Digital Health Tools: Survey Data from a Pediatric Electrophysiology Practice
Authors: Roelle Lisa , Miller Nathan , Catherall David , Tandon Animesh , Pompa Anthony , Orr William , Silva Jennifer
Published: January 2025

Background: Rapid adoption and miniaturization of technology has increased access to connected digital health (DH) technologies, though there are few pediatric cardiac studies assessing these tools. This study assesses the current state of DH access, use and digital literacy in a pediatric electrophysiology (EP) population. Methods: Patients presenting to a pediatric EP clinic were prospectively enrolled and completed to complete a 35-question survey focused on access and use of DH tools. Results: 206 patient/parent dyads completed the survey. 72% (149/206) of patients who own a smartphone, 94% (141/150) owned a smartphone by age 15 with 64% of smartphone owners (98/154) using health, wellness, or fitness applications on their devices. Only 40% (82/204) of respondents had a wearable device with 72% of patients (59/81) obtaining their device between 12-19 years of age. Figure 1 shows responses to questions regarding type of data from wrist worn wearable devices and DH health literacy. 56% of respondents (115/205) felt their ability to navigate their device/app was average with 38% (77/205) feeling that their ability to navigate was above average. Conclusion: Most pediatric patients obtain a smartphone or wearable device in adolescence and utilize the built-in health apps. While a slight majority of adolescents have a basic understanding of their health data and can navigate their devices with ease, there are opportunities to improve DH literacy. Ownership of their health data may empower adolescents to use DH devices to supplement their care.
Systems Medicine and the Contribution of Low Dose Pharmacology in Paediatrics
Authors: Bernasconi Sergio
Published: January 2025

The introduction of the diagnostic-therapeutic approach based on Systems Medicine into the medical scenario has allowed us to deeper investigate into the concept of the human organism as a set of interconnected networks. This wide vision, in addition to shedding new light on the interpretation of pathological manifestations, allows us to set up new therapeutic strategies based on the management of alterations in the networks identified as involved in the onset and progression of the disease. The tool that, to date, can allow to set up network regulation treatments is Low Dose Medicine, a therapeutic approach based on low-dose pharmacology. The use of low doses signaling molecules is the physiologically most appropriate option for the management of network alterations. In the pediatric field, numerous experiences have confirmed the validity of this approach. A preclinical study and a Delphi Consensus have provided clear evidence on the action mechanism and clinical application of a low-dose medication (Citomix®) for the prevention and early treatment of Recurrent Respiratory Infections. The consensus was based on preclinical data and was aimed to collect clinical experiences with Citomix® about the biological capacity to modulate the immune response in the presence of infectious agents. The cornerstone of the consensus was the validation of the use of Citomix® as an option for the prevention and early add-on treatment of RRIs; the positive result which emerge from the vote of the statements constituting the consensus confirmed the validity of the investigated option.
Major Feed Resources for Small Ruminant and Traditional Feding Practice in Bursa District of Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Adem Kedir
Published: January 2025

The study was conducted in Bursa districts of the highland areas of Sidama region to Evaluate traditional fattening practice, and availability of major feed resources for small ruminants. For the survey, 92 households were randomly selected by using multi-stage purpose sampling techniques. The survey data were collected on fattening practices, feed availability and constraints related to small ruminant fattening by using structured questionnaires’, field observation, focal group discussion and key informant interviews. Secondary information was obtained from respective districts of livestock development offices. According to the results this study, the major sources of small ruminant for fattening were obtained through purchasing (63.9%) followed by own at home (36.1%) and majority of the farmers fatten small ruminant twice within a year (47%) in 4-6 months (63%). The major available feed resources for small ruminant in the study area were natural pasture, Desho grass, bamboo leaf, enset leaf and barely straw. According to most respondents, the shortage of feed occurred from January to March, While, July to October was considered as months with ample feed resources.
Advancements in Forensic DNA Analysis: Challenges and Future Directions in Molecular Biology
Authors: Abebe Betelhem , Mitiku Temesgen , Birhane Nega
Published: January 2025

Forensic DNA analysis has revolutionized criminal investigations by providing valuable insights into identifying perpetrators, exonerating the innocent and unravelling mysteries of the past. Various molecular biology techniques, such as Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) profiling, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing, epigenetics and DNA methylation analysis, have played crucial roles in forensic investigations. While these techniques offer exceptional sensitivity and specificity, they also come with unique challenges. This review explores the current approaches of forensic DNA analysis, highlighting each technique. STR analysis, regarded as the gold standard in forensic DNA profiling, provides high discrimination power. However, it is limited in its ability to analyze degraded or mixed samples. On the other hand, SNP profiling offers advantages in analyzing highly degraded DNA samples but lacks the discriminatory power of STRs. Meanwhile, mtDNA analysis, particularly useful in cases involving compromised nuclear DNA, presents challenges due to its maternal inheritance pattern and lower discriminatory power. Furthermore, explore the exciting realm of epigenetics and the analysis of DNA methylation in forensic investigations. Epigenetic markers offer insights into gene expression patterns influenced by environmental factors, potentially aiding in the determination of tissue origin and chronological age estimation. DNA methylation analysis holds promise in forensic applications, providing additional layers of information for identity verification and tissue differentiation. Despite these advancements, several challenges persist in forensic DNA analysis, including the interpretation of complex DNA mixtures, standardization of methodologies, ethical considerations, and privacy concerns associated with the use of genetic information. Moreover, the integration of multi-omics data and machine learning approaches presents both opportunities and challenges in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of forensic DNA analysis. Looking ahead, future directions in molecular biology research for forensic DNA analysis involve the development of novel techniques with increased sensitivity, scalability, and robustness. By addressing these challenges and embracing emerging technologies, the field of forensic DNA analysis is poised for further advancements, offering enhanced capabilities in criminal justice and humanitarian efforts.
Outcomes of Patients Underwent Pacemaker Implantation During Sudan War 2023-2024
Authors: Humida Eldisugi , Mohmed Salah , Mohammed Amal , Bahar Mustafa , Ahmed Esraa , Salem Najla , Ahmed Hussain
Published: January 2025

Background: Implanted medical devices known as pacemakers deliver electrical pulses to one or more heart chambers through electrodes. This study aimed to evaluate the peacemaker intervention outcomes within the Sudan War 2023-2024. Methodology: The study employed a retrospective descriptive analysis at El-Obeid International Hospital (Aldaman), North Kordofan State, Sudan, covering the period from April 2023 to April 2024. The Authors have collected data on patients who underwent procedures in the catheterization laboratory from 15 April 2023 to 15 April 2024. Results: This study examined 52 patients aged 30 to 85 years, with a mean age of 67 years. Among the participants, 44.2% were males and 55.8% were females. The majority received dual-chamber pacemakers (65.3%), while the remaining 34.7% received single-chamber pacemakers. Only one fatality occurred during the discharge of approximately 98% of the patients, indicating favorable outcomes. Conclusion: Despite conflicts and resource constraints, implantation of pacemakers produces remarkably favorable outcomes without complications. The majority of patients were females who were younger in comparison to international reports.
A Van Dijk's Discourse Analysis of Palestine vs Israel Coverage on NBC News and Liputan6
Authors: Widiastuti Tuti , Suaib Nadinta , Nagib Ahmad
Published: January 2025

The issue of the Palestine vs Israel dispute peaked again in mid-2023. This made the whole world's eyes focused on the issue and many parties then expressed various views. This research aims to explore the differences and similarities in the reception of discourse on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict between the international community and Indonesia. The data was taken from comments on two videos uploaded by two major media outlets, namely NBC News and Liputan6, with the titles 'Inside Israel's mission to destroy Hamas tunnels in Gaza' (NBC News) and Israel Tur Military in Gaza Ruins | Liputan6' (Liputan6) on YouTube. NBC News is a well-known international media based in the United States that presents news with a Western perspective, while Liputan6 is an Indonesian media that is followed by local people with a perspective from the public. This study focuses on the social dimension of Van Dijk's discourse analysis. Comments are pulled using Communalytic and a few that have more than equal to a hundred likes. The results obtained were fourteen comments that had several likes of more than 100 likes, identified as the dominant agents in the comment column. Judging from the factors of cultural values and norms as well as ideology and social identity, each audience that commented on the NBC News and Liputan6 video shows had a different impression of Hamas and Palestinians.
Comparison of the Clinical Effects of Ciprofol, Propofol, and Etomidate in the Combined Painless Gastroscopy and Enteroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhao Zhifu , Xia Leqiang
Published: January 2025

Background: Propofol and etomidate are commonly used for sedation during painless gastroenteroscopy, but both have significant side effects. Cycline is a new sedative with minor side effects. This study aims to observe the clinical effects of ciprofol, propofol, and etomidate in the combined painless gastroscopy and enteroscopy. Methods: We randomly divided 600 outpatients aged 18-70 years, with a body mass index 18-30 kg/m2, and an ASA score of I-II, who underwent painless gastroenteroscopy, into three groups: propol group, etomidate group, and cyclizine group, with 200 cases in each group. All groups were pre-injected with 01 ug/kg sufentanil injection intravenously. The propofol group was given 2 mg/kg propofol injection intravenously, theomidate group was given 0.2 mg/kg etomidate injection intravenously, and the cyclizine group was given 0.4 mg cyclizine injection intravenously. The injection time for all groups was 30±5 seconds. The examination began when the MOAA/S score was 0-1 or the corneal reflex disappeared. 1. We observed the incidence of injection pain, onset time, sedation success rate, incidence of movement, incidence of respiratory depression, circulatory inhibition, awakening time, PACU time, and satisfaction of the examiner and the patient in all three groups; We observed the adverse reactions such as muscle pain and intraoperative awareness in the patients of all three groups. Results: 1. There were no differences in basic information of the patients in the three groups. The sedation success rate in all three groups was 100%. There were no significant differences in the time, awakening time, and PACU time among the three groups (P>0.05); 2. The incidence of injection pain, respiratory depression, circulatory inhibition in the propofol group was higher than that in the etomidate group and the cyclizine group, with significant differences (P<.05). However, there were no significant differences between the etomidate group and the cyclizine group. The satisfaction of the patients and the exam in the cyclizine group was higher (P<0.05); 3. Although there were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions among three groups, the incidence of muscle tremor and muscle pain in the etomidate group was significantly higher than that in the propofol group and the cycline group, with significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of ciprofol for painless gastroenteroscopy is significantly better than that of propofol and etomidate, and suitable for promotion in outpatient painless gastroenteroscopy.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) an Emerging Risk Factor of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST):
A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Magala Gloire , Aka Arlette , Offoumou Fiacre , Amon-Tanoh Muriel , Kadjo Cédric , Balungwe Marceline , Tanoh Abel , Yapo-Ehounoud Constance , Doumbia-Ouattara Mariam , Chia Paulette , Diarra Évelyne , Assi Berthe
Published: January 2025

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is responsible for about 0.5% to 3% of all strokes, with a markedly higher frequency noted in young women. This condition is determined by several factors; in addition to established risk factors, new contributors that have become better recognized but less well-documented in the tropics include obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), COVID-19 infection, and vaccine-associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. We describe the third known case, and the first described in Africa, of CVST in a woman with PCOS and no recognizable pro-thrombotic disorder. A 42-year-old female patient, right-handed, nulligest, and obese presented with a history of infertility and menstrual cycle disorders. She was admitted to our department due to the onset of atypical headaches that progressed subacutely and were associated to generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Neurological assessment upon admission revealed intracranial hypertension syndrome. Brain MRI showed extensive CVST on the left side, involving the lateral sinus and the internal jugular vein. The diagnosis of PCOS was made according to the Rotterdam criteria. A multidisciplinary management strategy was implemented. Comprehensive studies are essential to elucidate the factors associated with CVST in women diagnosed with PCOS, which will facilitate risk assessment and the formulation of preventive measures.
Single-Switch Inverter Wireless Charger with Adaptive Constant Current and Constant Voltage Control by Transmitting Side Sensing Load Changes of Receiving Side
Authors: Lin Shan , Zheng Jianfen , Lu Yun , Zhao Fei , Wang Chunfang
Published: January 2025

Because of its excellent flexibility, security, reliability and convenience, wireless power transfer(WPT) has become a research hotspot at home and abroad. Currently available WPT technology has the broadest application prospects and can be used in consumer electronics, household appliances, medical equipment, electric vehicles and many other fields. In low-power wireless charging systems such as electric bicycles, volume and cost of the receiving side are required to be minimized. However, in traditional receiving side circuit, compensation network, sampling circuit and wireless communication circuit make it difficult to reduce the device size and limit further reduction of cost. Aiming at the above problems, a single-switch LC inverter S-S wireless charging circuit with adaptive constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) control by transmitting side sensing load changes of receiving side is proposed. In this paper, load-independent CC and CV characteristics and relationship between auxiliary coil voltage and load voltage are derived. The simplest equivalent model of the proposed circuit is developed, the expression for equivalent input voltage is derived, and the constraints of zero-voltage switching (ZVS) are analyzed. Based on the constraint, an iterative method of variable duty cycle is proposed, which can accurately find the duty cycle range in which the ZVS can be realized as well as the peak resonant current in this range, which provides a reference for parametric design of single-switching circuit. Finally, a 5A/54.6V experimental prototype is built to verify the correctness of the proposed theory.