bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observability and Monitoring for Front-End: A Holistic Approach to Logging, Tracing, and Metrics with the Advent of AI
Authors: Vemuri Venkata Padma Kumar
Published: February 2025

Abstract—This paper explores the concept of
observability in the context of front-end applications,
examining traditional methods like logging, tracing,
and metrics, and how AI is revolutionizing this field.
It discusses the challenges and limitations of using AI
for front-end observability and monitoring, and the
future trends and potential of AI in this domain. It
also includes an architecture workflow for an
Observability and Monitoring system.
Index Terms—Observability, monitoring, frontend,
logging, tracing, metrics, AI
Advancing Education Through Generative AI In The Mobile Application Era
Authors:   (Independent Researcher) Virginia, USA, Mishra Adya
Published: February 2025

Abstract—Mobile technologies and advanced
computational methods have quickly become major
forces shaping the future of education. As
smartphones, tablets, and other portable devices gain
widespread adoption, they bring unprecedented
opportunities to deliver flexible, personalized learning
experiences. Meanwhile, powerful new technologies
capable of producing text, images, and adaptive
learning pathways are expanding the possibilities of
digital education. This review paper investigates how
mobile app development, supported by these emerging
innovations, can elevate teaching methods across all
levels of learning. Beginning with an overview of how
technology has steadily integrated into education, the
paper then addresses the methodologies that
researchers employ to study these trends and discusses
the broad range of topics currently under exploration.
It goes on to examine specific applications where
mobile platforms and content-generation tools
converge—for instance, creating customized learning
sequences, offering timely feedback, and automating
resource development. Throughout the discussion,
attention is paid to issues of ethics, privacy, inclusivity,
and the potential for algorithmic bias. The paper
concludes by highlighting the transformative impact
of these new approaches, suggesting areas for further
study and offering guidelines for policymakers.
Drawing on diverse academic and industry
perspectives, it provides a comprehensive view of how
these intertwined developments in mobile apps and
computational innovation can foster more inclusive,
interactive, and effective educational systems.

Keywords—Generative AI, Mobile Application,
Education And Research, AI Integration, Teaching And
Learnings, App Development
Academic Certificate Verification Using Decentralized Digital Certification
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering  Jayawantrao Sawant College of Engineering, Pune, Shivarkar Sayali
Published: February 2025

Abstract— Verifying academic certificates is essential for maintaining the authenticity and integrity of educational qualifications, yet traditional methods can be slow, costly, and susceptible to forgery. This research proposes a blockchain-based, decentralized system for academic certificate verification, which leverages a secure, transparent, and tamper-resistant digital ledger. Through smart contracts, the system automates certificate issuance and validation, ensuring that records remain immutable and traceable. This approach enables institutions, employers, and graduates to securely access authenticated credentials while reducing administrative overhead and fraud risks. The paper presents the system architecture, implementation, and a security analysis, demonstrating how blockchain technology can improve security, trust, and efficiency in academic credentialing. This research offers a scalable, cost-effective solution with potential for widespread adoption in education.
Consumer Behavior and Statistical Analysis of Home-Cooked Meal Delivery Services: Insights and Trends
Authors:   CMS Business School Faculty of Management Studies, Jain (deemed-to-be  University), Bangalore, Mishra Sibangi
Published: February 2025

The fast growth of technology, along with a rising need for quick meal alternatives, has resulted in the rise of home-cooked food delivery applications. These platforms have dramatically revolutionized the food business by providing consumers with healthier, more personalized, and home-style meal options in contrast to traditional restaurant-based delivery services. As more people seek nutritious and customizable meal options, organizations in the food delivery industry must understand the critical elements that drive customer uptake and probability of recommending these services. The purpose of this study is to investigate these influential elements using a rigorous statistical analysis. The study looks at how demographic characteristics including gender, employment, and residential area affect customer behavior towards home-cooked meal delivery apps. Furthermore, customer preferences, such as ordering frequency, interest in home-cooked meal services, and awareness of current home-cooked food delivery platforms, are examined to better understand their roles in determining consumer decisions. The study's findings give in-depth insights into consumer behavior patterns, exposing the underlying reasons and challenges to the adoption of home-cooked meal delivery services. These insights are crucial for companies looking to improve their service offerings and marketing tactics. Businesses may improve customer interaction, personalize their products, and target the relevant audience groups by using data- driven strategies, eventually increasing growth and consumer happiness in the ever-changing world of food delivery services.

Keywords: Home-cooked food delivery, Customer behavior, Consumer decisions
Human-home-canal: The guideline for the souvenir product design to reflect the cultural way and community life of Chumchon Ban Khrua
Authors: Chaidirek Pornnaree
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore and present the cultural identity of Chumchon Ban Khrua, a historic and culturally rich community, and to design souvenir products that reflect its unique identity. The research objectives include collecting and analyzing data on the history, architecture, local wisdom, and cultural capital of Chumchon Ban Khrua; developing design guidelines for souvenirs; and creating prototypes of tourist souvenir products. Utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods, data were collected through literature reviews, surveys, interviews with local residents, and collaboration with experts using the Ethnographic Delphi Futures Research (EDFR) technique. The research also incorporated questionnaires to gather insights on tourist preferences. The design process synthesized historical and cultural data into five collections of prototypes, which were refined through expert and focus group evaluations. One final collection, consisting of seven souvenir items, was selected and further developed into virtual prototypes. Key findings include the identification of cultural identities such as Cham Muslim traditions, silk weaving, Pattani Malay architecture, and natural dyeing techniques. The study also presented cultural and sustainable design concepts, emphasizing storytelling, functionality, and the integration of recycled materials. Prototypes were evaluated for their aesthetic appeal, market feasibility, and alignment with community values, contributing to cultural conservation, pride, and economic development through tourism. The research outcomes included exhibition dissemination, academic publications, and practical guidelines for cultural product development, offering a model for similar community projects.
DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS AND RECENT TREATMENT BY NANOMATERIALS: A MINI REVIEW
Authors:   DNA research center, University of Babylon, Hillah, ABDULAZEEM LUBNA
Published: February 2025

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the biggest obstacles to managing diabetes. DFUs are more difficult to treat, especially in patients with weakened immune systems. With the drugs on the market today, pathogenic bacteria and fungus might not be able to combat microbial infections at the wound site. In addition to discussing the medications, topical antibacterial treatments, dressings, and debridement techniques used for DFU, this page provides a comprehensive discussion of DFU and similar problems. The 16S ribosomal DNA sequence found in bacteria is one of the cutting-edge diagnostic methods that can help us understand the microbiota associated with DFU. By applying cutting-edge biological and molecular therapies that have been demonstrated to promote enhanced healing, decreased local inflammation, and infection prevention, this aim may be accomplished.
Estudo comparativo entre triagens farmacológicas de diferentes frações da Pereskia aculeata miller e da Alpinia zerumbet em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos
Authors: Lopes Alina Alves Almeida , Paulino Emanuel Tenório , Silva Jaciane Celestino da , Aguiar Julynne Elissa da Silva , Bernardino Alessandro Cesar , Melo Bruno Ithalo de Holanda , Silva Jessyka Carolina Galvão da , Ribeiro Êurica Adélia Nogueira
Published: February 2025

A hipertensão é uma doença com alta prevalência, e é um dos principais fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares. Muitos pacientes com hipertensão não atingem os níveis pressóricos ideais, é necessário buscar novas substâncias para o tratamento. Neste contexto, a Pereskia aculeata miller e Alpinia zerumbet são plantas medicinais utilizadas no tratamento da inflamação e hipertensão, respectivamente. Não há nenhum estudo científico que descreva a ação das frações destas plantas sobre o sistema cardiovascular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos cardiovasculares induzidos pelas frações hexânica, precipitada insolúvel, diclorometano das folhas da P. aculeata e a fração acetato de etila das folhas da A. zerumbet em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR). Realizar uma pesquisa na literatura sobre os principais constituintes fitoquímicos presentes nestas plantas. Os SHR foram anestesiados e cateteres de polietileno foram inseridos no interior da aorta abdominal e veia cava inferior para medidas da pressão arterial média (PAM) e administração das frações (0,1; 0,5; 1; 5; 10; 20; 30; 40; 50 e 60 mg.kg-1 i.v., respectivamente). Após 24 horas, a PAM e frequência cardíaca foram registradas. Todas as frações induziram efeito hipotensor e bradicárdico. Os principais constituintes fitoquímicos da P. aculeata foram ácido caftárico quercetina e a rutina e da A. zerumbet, o 4-terpineol e kavaína. Podemos concluir que as respostas induzidas pelas frações da  P. aculeata é provavelmente devido à atividade antioxidante dos seus constituintes e a fração da A. zerumbet é devido o bloqueio de canal para cálcio promovido pelos seus constituintes fitoquímicos majoritários.
Development and implementation of an app for blood pressure classification of childhood obesity patients in an university hospital
Authors: Santana Yasmin Eugênia , Junior Raphael Del Roio Liberatore
Published: February 2025

Objective: Development and implementation of an app developed for software in a reference hospital that allows for the simple and effective classification of blood pressure in children. Method: The frequency of hypertension was evaluated before and after the implementation of the app. Results: Hypertension was found in 12% cases. Few blood pressure records were identified before the implementation of the app. After its implementation, there was an increase in the classification of patients' blood pressure as high blood pressure and hypertension, in addition to a reduction in classification errors and measurement omissions. Conclusion: This app helped to improve the classification of blood pressure in the patients evaluated.
Principais fatores associados da gestação na adolescência em um município do Ceará
Authors: Alcântara Wládia Bastos de , Moraes Antonia Janielly Negreiros de , Sena Izabella Vieira dos Anjos , Moreira Roberta Magda Martins , Bezerra Geane Sales , Andrade Silvana Maria Magalhães , Ananias Dayana Vieira , Ferreira Sayonara Loiola
Published: February 2025

A adolescência é marcada por suas diversas experiências biológicas, físicas, mentais, emocionais e sociais. Embora os adolescentes sejam biologicamente capazes de reprodução, eles ainda não possuem a preparação emocional adequada para lidar com a prática sexual e a responsabilidade de serem pais. Recentemente, a gravidez na adolescência tem sido amplamente reconhecida como um problema de saúde em diversos países. O presente estudo objetivou identificar os principais fatores associados à gestação na adolescência em um município do estado do Ceará. Trata- se de uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva de abordagem quantitativa, realizada nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de São Benedito, no período de agosto a outubro de 2023, onde foi utilizado um instrumento baseado e adaptado segundo Martins (2018) para coleta de dados semi-estruturado com perguntas objetivas, pertinentes ao tema. Os resultados apresentaram que os principais fatores associados da gestação na adolescência foram: não ter renda própria, dependência financeira, estar no ensino médio, a inconsequência da importância dos métodos contraceptivos, o início precoce da vida sexual, a gravidez não planejada e a ocorrência das complicações gestacionais.
THE EVALUATION OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM FROM THE BOLOGNA PROCESS (1999) TO TODAY: SOME REFLECTIONS ON IMPROVEMENT APPLICABLE TO THE ITALIAN MODEL
Authors:   University of Turin, POLLIFRONI Massimo , IOANA Adrian ,   Politehnica University of Bucharest, POLLIFRONI Riccardo ,   University of Pisa
Published: February 2025

The Bologna Process was born in 1999 as an intergovernmental collaboration agreement in the Higher Education sector. The initiative was launched with the Bologna Conference at the conference of European Higher Education Ministers, signed in Bologna in June 1999 and inspired by the previous meeting of the Ministers of France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom in 1998 (Sorbonne Declaration 1998). The objective was precisely to build a European Higher Education Area that was based on principles and criteria shared between the participating countries. Subsequently, the inspiring principles of the reform were implemented by the various countries adhering to the reform. At a European level, both specific agencies operating in the field of evaluation of Higher Education and research systems (e.g. ANVUR, ARACIS, etc.), as well as regulatory bodies (e.g. ENQA, EQAR. etc.), have been created. In Italy, the reform was started by Law 30/12/2010, n. 240, “Regulations regarding the organization of universities, academic staff and recruitment, as well as delegation to the Government to encourage the quality and efficiency of the university system”: Law no. 240/2010 therefore represents the starting point of the reform launched in Italy. The objective of the paper is to offer an overview of the state of the art of the application of the reform in Italy 25 years after the start of the Bologna Process.
Diagnóstico y manejo de la otitis media efusiva en pediatría: Revisión Bibliográfica
Authors: Peñaherrera Toapaxi David Sebastian , Mier Rodríguez Doménica Alejandra , Buitron Ruiz María de los Ángeles , Godoy Lema Daniela Guadalupe , Montenegro Caicedo Megan Paola , Naula Vizhco Jenny Paola , Castro Hibirma Daniela Isabel , Palacios Hidalgo Jorge Fabián
Published: February 2025

La otitis media efusiva (OME) es una condición común en pediatría, caracterizada por la presencia de líquido en el oído medio sin signos evidentes de infección aguda. El diagnóstico de la OME se basa en la historia clínica y la otoscopía, complementada con pruebas como la timpanometría y la audiometría, especialmente en casos persistentes. Entre los factores de riesgo más relevantes se encuentran las infecciones respiratorias recurrentes, la exposición al humo del tabaco, la presencia de alergias y las alteraciones anatómicas como el paladar hendido. El manejo de la OME depende de la duración y severidad del cuadro. En la mayoría de los casos, se adopta un enfoque expectante debido a la alta tasa de resolución espontánea. Sin embargo, en casos crónicos o cuando hay afectación significativa del desarrollo auditivo o del lenguaje, se consideran intervenciones como la colocación de tubos de ventilación o el tratamiento de condiciones subyacentes, como alergias o hipertrofia adenoidea. Este artículo destaca la importancia de un enfoque multidisciplinario en el diagnóstico y manejo de la OME, involucrando pediatras, otorrinolaringólogos y otros especialistas según sea necesario.
Enfermedad arterial periférica – Enfoque diagnóstico: Revisión Bibliográfica
Authors: Encalada Pardo Alexandra Abigail , Tenesaca Crespo Richard Kleber , Coello Manrique Boris Joshue , Haro Vizcaino Eduardo Alejandro , Amado Berdugo Juliana Andrea , Cañar Calderón Adrián Esteban , Maspud Cuasquer Evelyn Carolina , Castillo Alcívar Alejandra Estefanía
Published: February 2025

La enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) es una patología común y frecuentemente subdiagnosticada que afecta principalmente a las extremidades inferiores debido a la obstrucción del flujo sanguíneo por aterosclerosis. Este artículo de revisión narrativa aborda los aspectos esenciales para un enfoque diagnóstico adecuado, destacando la importancia de una anamnesis detallada y un examen físico exhaustivo como pilares fundamentales. Métodos diagnósticos no invasivos, como el índice tobillo-brazo (ITB), se presentan como herramientas clave para confirmar la sospecha clínica y evaluar la severidad de la enfermedad. Además, se discuten técnicas avanzadas de imagen, como la ecografía Doppler, la angiotomografía computarizada y la angiorresonancia magnética, que permiten una evaluación más precisa en casos complejos. Reconocer los factores de riesgo, como el tabaquismo, la diabetes mellitus, la hipertensión arterial y la dislipidemia, resulta crucial para una detección temprana y una intervención oportuna. Este enfoque integral busca optimizar el diagnóstico y, en última instancia, mejorar los resultados clínicos en pacientes con EAP.
Assessment of Soil Physico-Chemical Traits in Soil Profile from Maheshgad Watershed
Authors: N. N. Bhalekar  , S. M. Todmal  , B. M. Kamble  , A. G. Durgude  , S. A. Kadam  , U. M. Shetti
Published: February 2025

Soil profile studies was conducted in Maheshgad watershed, central campus MPKV, Rahuri, two soil orders viz., Entisol and Inceptisol were analysed for soil physical and chemical properties. These orders were shallow (entisol), and moderately deep (Inceptisol) and identified as Inceptisols (Vertic Haplustepts), Entisols (Typic Ustifluvents) and Entisols (Typic Ustorthents), respectively. The pH of the profile soil samples ranged between 6.59 to 7.56, the EC ranged from 0.17 to 0.21 dSm-1. The SOC content of the soils ranged from 0.31 % to 0.46%. The CaCO3 content was 6.89% to 10.32%. The Bulk density varied between 1.08 Mg m-3 to 1.54 Mg m-1. The available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content was 134 kg ha-1 to 185 kg ha-1, 10.5 kg ha-1 to 13.4 kg ha-1 and 467 kg ha-1 to 589 kg ha-1 respectively. The objective of the current study is to provide detailed resource inventory about the soil properties from profiles of the Maheshgad watershed in order to develop appropriate strategies for managing the soil and water in order to maximize and maintain agricultural productivity.
Preserving Freshness: Unveiling the Power of Modified Atmospheric Packaging for Extended Shelf Life of Peeled Garlic Cloves
Authors: H. Bagul  , V. A. Salve  , K. J. Kamble  , V. P. Kad
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive study delves into a myriad of innovative techniques for extending the shelf life of minimally processed garlic cloves (Allium Sativum L.). Our goal is to uncover a convenient and effortless preservation method that ensures the availability of ready-to-use, waste-free garlic cloves. Through an extensive review of relevant literature, we have identified the modified atmospheric packaging (MAP) method as the most suitable approach for storing peeled garlic cloves, without the need for any chemical coatings on the delectable cloves. By creating a controlled modified atmosphere consisting of optimal nitrogen (N2 %) and carbon dioxide (CO2 %) levels, MAP significantly reduces the cloves' respiration rate, thereby enhancing their shelf life and ensuring their long-lasting freshness.
Onion Seed Response to Drip Irrigation and Fertigation Levels : A Review
Authors: S. V. Chavan  , S. B. Gadge
Published: February 2025

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important vegetable crop globally, with significant economic and nutritional value. The efficient use of water and nutrients is crucial for optimizing onion seed production. Drip irrigation and fertigation have emerged as sustainable techniques to enhance water and nutrient management in onion cultivation. This review article comprehensively examines the response of onion seeds to different drip irrigation and fertigation levels, focusing on growth, yield, quality attributes, and water and nutrient use efficiency. It delves into the historical background of onion cultivation in India, the current state of drip irrigation and fertigation practices, potential future scopes for improvement, existing threats to onion seed production, challenges faced by Indian farmers, and proposed solutions to enhance productivity and sustainability.
Impact of Socio-economic Changes on Community Compliance with Environmental Regulations at Mtera Dam, Tanzania.
Authors:   University of Dodoma, Khatibu Salma
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of socio-economic changes on community compliance with environmental regulations at the Mtera Dam in Tanzania. Recognizing the critical role of sustainable natural resource management in socioeconomic transformation, the research highlights the complex interplay between local livelihoods and regulatory frameworks. The study employs a household survey of 309 respondents to assess community awareness, attitudes, and practices regarding environmental regulations, revealing significant gaps in knowledge and compliance. The study data were analysed by percentages and a multiple regression model. The key findings indicate that while awareness positively influences compliance, economic dependency on dam resources, cultural practices, and perceptions of enforcement present substantial barriers. The results underscore the necessity for targeted education campaigns, community engagement, and the integration of alternative livelihood programs to enhance compliance and promote sustainable resource management. By addressing these challenges, the study aims to inform policy-makers on developing adaptive governance strategies that align community needs with environmental conservation objectives, ultimately contributing to the long-term sustainability of the Mtera Dam.
The Interplay Between Formal Volunteering and Youth Employment in Tanzania: The Case of Selected Volunteer-involving Organizations
Authors:   University of Dar es Salaam, Mwamanga Christian Lunda , Makundi Hezron ,   University of Dar es Salaam
Published: February 2025

The study explores how formal volunteering impacts access to employment among the youth in Tanzania by focusing on skills development. A survey was conducted on 257 volunteer alumni from four volunteer-involving organizations. The analysis was conducted via a variance-based structural equation modelling, using Smart-PLS software. The findings revealed that volunteering positively influences the acquisition of professional, core competencies, and basic skills. However, while basic skills are crucial, they do not directly enhance access to employment. The study suggests that a multifaceted approach is critical in tackling employability challenges. Core competencies—like problem-solving and communication—are among the leading drivers in improving job prospects. However, it is strategies such as targeted skills development programs, career counselling, and professional certification that tend to enhance job market readiness when acquired through volunteer programs. Evidences from the four volunteer-involving organizations reveal the importance of integrating formal volunteering into educational curricula, and fostering cross-sector partnerships for mentorship and training. The study underscores the need for a holistic workforce development, tailored skill programs, and collaborative efforts to nurture a skilled and competitive workforce; ultimately boosting employment outcomes and productivity. Keywords: volunteering, employability, youth, skills development, Tanzania.
Research on extraction and application of elements of Suzhou Subway public art design based on deep learning
Authors: Huang Yu
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Public art in urban spaces enhances aesthetics, reflects cultural identity, fosters community engagement, and contributes to place making, transforming everyday environments into meaningful, interactive public experiences. Limitations include a lack of deep learning applications in extracting public art elements, limited exploration of cultural integration, and insufficient focus on interactive design methods.Methods: The proposed Great Cane Rat Algorithm-Tuned Scalable Generative Adversarial Network (GCR-SGAN) optimizes SGAN performance using GCRO for generating high-quality public art designs. The dataset includes images of public art, featuring murals, sculptures, and design elements for training and analysis. Histogram equalization will enhance image contrast, improving details, while Visual Geometry Group 16 (VGG16) feature extraction will capture high-level visual patterns and features, creating a robust representation for subsequent analysis and model training. The proposed work integrates SGAN for generating high-quality public art designs with GCR optimization to enhance GAN training, improving convergence stability, generation quality, and scalability for effective art design generation and analysis. Results: The results demonstrate that the GCR-SGAN model had accuracy of 0.98, which efficiently generates high-quality public art designs, optimizing both visual appeal and training stability. Conclusion: The approach effectively advances the generation of diverse, scalable art for real-world applications.conclusions: This research is to apply deep learning techniques to extract and analyze elements of public art in Suzhou Subway, exploring their cultural significance, design patterns, and potential applications in urban planning, enhancing the aesthetic and functional aspects of subway spaces.
EFFECTS OF ARGININE AND VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTED DIETS ON THE IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF BROILERS CHICKENS
Authors: Chan Diaz David Jesus , Pro Martinez Arturo , Ruiz Feria Ciro Abel , Cuca Garcia Juan Manuel , Narciso Gaytan Carlos , Rami­rez Guzman Martha Elva , Gallegos Sanchez Jaime , Sosa Montes Eliseo , Rodriguez-Castillo Jose Del Carmen
Published: February 2025

In order to evaluate the effect of arginine and vitamin E supplementation in broiler chicken diets on the immune response during post-vaccine stress, a trial was conducted with 700 chicks (1 day-old) which were distributed into 28 floor-pens and fed one of four dietary treatments (with 7 replicates) assigned randomly: T1 = control diet (1.31 % of arginine and 10 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed); T2 = T1 + 0.3 % of arginine; T3 = T1 + 70 IU of vitamin E; T4 = T1 + 0.3 % of arginine + 70 IU of vitamin E. At day 12 all birds were vaccinated against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious bronchitis, avian influenza (AI) and fowl pox. The traits evaluated were: post-vaccine reaction at days 14, 16, 18, 21 and 23; antibody titers against NDV and AI, and relative lymphoid organs weight at days 11, 19 and 26; and the performance were recorded weekly. Chickens fed T2, T4 (at day 16), and T3 (at day 21) had lesser (p≤0.05) post-vaccine reaction than birds fed T1. The antibody titers against NDV (at day 11) was higher (p≤0.05) in chickens fed T4 (3.1 log2), T3 (2.7 log2) and T2 (2.7 log2) compared to T1 (1.6 log2); meanwhile, for AI titers no differences were found. There were no differences, neither for relative immune organs weight, nor for performance. In conclusion, arginine and vitamin E supplementation in broiler chickens diets reduced the post-vaccine stress and improved the immune response without affecting the performance.
CARACTERIZACIÓN QUÍMICA DE EXCRETAS DE CERDO SECAS Y MADURAS PROVENIENTES DE TRES NIVELES DE ENERGÍA
Authors: Morales Maldonado Emilio Raymundo , Trejo Lizama Wilberth , Santos Ricalde Ronald Herve , Bacab Perez Hector Manuel
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal conditions of the diet that will generate excreta of pigs with a chemical composition more suited to the needs of organic fertilizers. Twelve pigs were subjected to three levels of maintenance metabolizable energy (EMM): high (3.5 EMM), medium (2.5 EMM) and low (1.5 EMM). A portion of the excreta was collected composting to maturity. Factorial design was used and data were statistically analyzed using SAS version 9.0. The measured variables included feed and grass intake, manure production, total nitrogen, carbon, temperature, pH and C/ N ratio. The highest feed intake was corresponded to the high energy level (1.112 kg/d), while the low and medium energy levels had higher grass/forage intake values (0.103 and 0.095 kg/day). The high energy level recorded increased total dry matter (DM) consumption (1.197 kg/day), while the excreta production was higher in the low and medium energy levels (0.298 and 0.295 kg/day). During the 21 days of composting period, the high and medium energy levels recorded higher temperatures (60 °C) versus the low energy group (58 °C). Regarding the pH, no significant differences were detected. Among the tested energy levels, the low level showed highest C/N ratio (10.0:1). The mature excreta had higher C/N ratio (10.6:1) as compared to the dry excreta (8.1:1).          
EVALUATING THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL KEI CHICKENS AND THEIR F1-CROSSES WITH RHODE ISLAND RED AND FAYOUMI BREEDS IN WATERSHED AREAS OF GURAGHE ADMINISTRATIVE ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Alewi Misba , Melesse Aberra
Published: February 2025

This study describes the on-farm performance of local Kei chicken and its F1 crosses with Fayoumi and Rhode Island Red (RIR) breeds in Beresa watershed of Guraghe administrative zone, southern Ethiopia. The Kei paternal line was mated with maternal lines of Fayoumi and RIR chickens to produce F1-crosses. Body weight developments and feed intake were determined on weekly basis. Then body weight gain and feed efficiency ratios (FER, weight gain: feed) were calculated. Hatchability was 59.0% and 73.7%, 54.7% for Kei, Fayoumi-crosses and RIR-crosses, respectively. In male chicks, the mean day-old weight ranged from 28.8 to 40.1 g and in female chicks from 26.2 to 35.8 g. The average  body weight of matured male and female RIR-crosses was 1682 and 1227 g, respectively. The corresponding values for Fayoumi-crosses were 1310 and 1054 g and that of local Kei 1273 and 987 g. During the brooding period, the average daily feed intake was 25.9, 27.0 and 24.4 g for Kei, Fayoumi-crosses and RIR-crosses, respectively. The mean FER was 0.197, 0.213 and 0.243 g for Kei, Fayoumi-crosses and RIR-crosses, respectively. The average age at sexual maturity for Kei, Fayoumi-crosses and RIR-crosses was 183, 154 and 162 days, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that both F1-crosses showed a significant improvement in body weight, weight gain and FER under farmers’ management condition of the watershed areas suggesting the suitability of both genetic combinations with local Kei chickens for on-farm chicken productivity. 
CONTRIBUCIÓN DE LA RIQUEZA Y LA UNIFORMIDAD A LA DIVERSIDAD DE AVES EN PLANTACIONES DE CAFÉ DE SOMBRA DEL SURESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Altamirano Gonzalez Ortega Marco Antonio , Enriquez Paula L. , Rangel-Salazar Jose Luis , Garci­a Estrada Carlos , Tejeda Cruz Cesar
Published: February 2025

This study examines the contribution of the richness and uniformity in the diversity of birds, and their relationship with covariates of vegetation in a coffee landscape in southern Mexico. Species richness and abundance was recorded in 2010 and 2011 in evergreen forests and three different types of coffee production systems. Changes in the values of species richness and uniformity were detected by a SHE analysis (S = species richness, H = diversity and E = evenness). True diversity (the actual number of species actually represent the diversity of species in the samples) was also estimated. The tree cover, shrub cover and tree height were covariates of vegetation that explained the variation in species richness and abundance. SHE analysis indicated that cumulative values of bird diversity increased in all plots with species richness, while the values of uniformity of species decreased. This condition changed with management activities of coffee and / or the arrival of migratory birds. The true diversity, when all species had a weight proportional to its abundance (q = 1), was higher in all plots when they were given greater weight to the dominant species (q = 2). Management practices of tree cover and shrubs and bird migration could explain changes in species richness and uniformity during the agricultural cycle.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMMUNITY-BASED BREEDING PROGRAM FOR DAIRY GOATS IN NORTHERN MEXICO
Authors: Wurzinger Maria , Escareño Luis , Pastor Francisco , Salinas Homero , Iñiguez Luis , Sölkner Johann
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the research and development process for the design and implementation of a community-based breeding program for smallholders. The emphasis of the paper is on the organisation and practical procedures of the breeding program. The selection process of young breeding bucks based on own growth performance and on mother´s milk performance is described. The sustainability of a breeding program can only be ensured when there is a long-term commitment from researchers and extension service to collaborate with farmers and support them in the decision-making process. Ownership of farmers was created by handing-over many responsibilities and decision mechanisms to them and researchers played the role of facilitators. 
EFFECT OF BODY CONDITION SCORE ON ESTRUS AND OVARIAN FUNCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNCHRONIZED BEEF-MASTER COWS
Authors: Segura Jose C. , Centurion-Castro Fernando , Orihuela Porcayo Juan , Ake-Lopez Ricardo J , Magaña-Monforte Juan G. , Montes-Perez Ruben Cornelio
Published: February 2025

The effect of body condition score (BCS) on estrus characteristics and ovarian function was evaluated in 44 synchronized Beef-Master cows. Weaned adult cows in anestrous were grouped according to their BCS as BCS1-2 (n = 13), BCS3-4 (n = 17) and BCS5-6 (n = 14). All cows were synchronized using norgestomet implants plus estradiol valerate for 9 days. The estrus detection began 24 hours after implant removal and it was detected every 6 hours for 72 hours. The time from implant removal to the onset of estrus (TIR) and the duration of estrus were registered. All animals were examined 4 times with a transrectal ultrasound kit to determine the size of the follicles (6 to 9 mm or > 9 mm), the diameter of the largest follicle (DLF), ovulation rate, ovulation rate relative to estrus detection (ORE) and ovulation rate relative to the follicle size (ORF). The effect of BCS on TIR, the duration of the estrus, the number of follicles of size 6 to 9 mm or > 9 mm, and DLF was determined using analysis of variance. The effect of BCS on ovulation rate, ORE and ORF, were determined using Chi-square tests. There were no differences (P> 0.05) between TIR, duration of estrus and follicle sizes between BCS groups. The DLF increased from 9.8 to 12.9 mm, the ovulation rate from 7.7 to 85.7%, the ORE from 0 to 100% and the ORF from 16.7 to 92.9%. In conclusion, under the range of BCS of the synchronized cows, evaluated in this study, the BCS of Beef Master cows did not affect the estrus characteristics; which agree with results observed in other breeds of cattle in the tropics. However, the BCS affect follicle development and ovulation rate.
ADOPTION OF AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS BY SMALLHOLDERS IN BRAZILIAN AMAZON
Authors: Pompeu Gisele do Socorro Santos , Rosa Leonilde Santos , Santos Monica Mota , Modesto Rozi Silva , Vieira Thiago Almeida
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to identify the factors that have affected the adoption of commercial agroforestry systems (AFS) by smallholders of the municipality of Bragança, state of Pará, Brazil. Tools of Rapid Rural Diagnosis (structured interview and direct observation) and of Participatory Rural Diagnosis (agricultural calendar and ranking) were used.. The majority of smallholders that adopted these systems in Bragança received funding from government banks to purchase seedlings and other inputs; in order of importance, access to financing, utilization and management of agroforestry systems, education of farmers and decision-making are determinant factors for adoption of agroforestry systems implanted in smallholders’ areas of the municipality of Bragança, state of Pará.
EFFECT OF UV TREATMENT ON THE ANTI NUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF TWO ACCESSIONS OF VELVET BEAN, Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC var. utilis (Wall.ex Wight) Bak. ex Burck
Authors: Kala Balasubiramanian Kamatchi , Mohan Veerabahu Ramasamy
Published: February 2025

The effect of UV radiation on the antinutritional factors such as, total free phenolics, tannin, l-dopa, phytic acid, hydrogen cyanide, total oxalate, trypsin inhibitor activity, oligosaccharides and phytohaemagglutinating activity in the seeds of two accessions of velvet bean, Mucuna pruriens var. utilis collected from Karaiyar and Servalaru, Tirunelveli district, Tamil nadu, were investigated. UV treatment on overnight soaked seeds showed increase in the level of total free phenolics and tannins. UV treated raw seeds for 20 minutes reduce the level of L-dopa content of Mucuna pruriens var. utilis white coloured seed coat by 42%, black coloured seed coat by 44% whereas; UV treatment on overnight soaked seeds showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the level of l-dopa. Decrease in the levels of phytic acid, hydrogen cyanide and total oxalate in both UV treated raw and overnight soaked seeds as time interval increases. UV treatment (60-90 minutes) completely eliminated the trypsin inhibitor activity in both raw and overnight soaked seeds. Both the studied samples completely eliminated the phytohaemagglutinating activity with respect to the erythrocytes of â€˜Bâ€™ and â€˜Oâ€™ blood groups at the longest exposure. Oligosaccharides like raffinose, stachyose and verbascose were significantly (p< 0.05) reduced on UV treatment.
ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS Helvella lacunosa IN DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIA
Authors: Dominguez Romero Daniel , Vazquez Rivera H. , Reyes Reyes B.G. , Arzaluz Reyes J.I. , Martinez Campos Angel Roberto
Published: February 2025

Helvella lacunosa, besides its mycorrhizal importance for plant forest species, has a high commercial value. The commercial production of H. lacunosa represents two main advantages: Economical benefits for the communities able to produce it; and conservation of biodiversity in the forests by preventing the species overexploitation and maintaining the mushroom-plants micorrhizal relationship. Carrying out this perspective requires, in principle, to isolate the species mycelium, and then to develop the mycorrhizing technique that allows the production of the mushroom. Isolating the mycelium by the first time, however, involves testing several culture media in order to identify the potential requirements for inducing the myceliumâ€™s growth. In the present work we tested, in laboratory, five different agar-based culture media to isolate H. lacunosaâ€™s mycelium, and to evaluate its growing rate, analysis of covariance showed that there is a simple linear relationship between incubation time and the diameter. Indicating that the cumulative growth rate of the mycelium, was different between the culture media (F4, 240 = 17,008, p <0.001). The APD medium had the highest growth rate followed by AEA. In both growing media, the diameter of the mycelium converges the fifth day. The lowest growth rate was presented in the media AEM and AEP.
ENERGY USE ANALYSIS FOR RICE PRODUCTION IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ibrahim Hussaini Yusuf , Ibrahim Hassan Ishaq
Published: February 2025

The study was conducted to analyze energy use for in rice production in Nasarawa state Nigeria using a sample of 120 randomly selected rice farmers. Energy productivity, energy efficiency and specific energy were computed and simple descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. The energy use pattern shows that, rice production consumed an average total energy of 12906.8 MJha-1, with herbicide energy input contributing the largest share (53.55 %). Human labour had the least share (0.74 %) of the total energy input used. The energy productivity, Specific energy and energy efficiency were 0.3 MJ-1, 3.6 MJ-1 and 4.1 respectively. A total of 10925.0 MJ of energy was used in the form of indirect energy and 1981.8MJ was in the direct form of energy. Non-renewable energy forms contributed the largest share (80.63 %) of the total energy input used for rice production in the study area. Rice production in the study area was observed to be mainly dependent on non-renewable and indirect energy input especially herbicide. Thus, the study recommends the introduction of integrated weed management system in order to reduce cost and dependence on a non-renewable input for weed control.
Department of Geopolitics: History of Creation, Current State and Development Prospects
Authors: Мирзеханов В.С. , Кочетков В.В.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the history of the creation and development of the Department of Geopolitics of the Faculty of Global Processes of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov. The main attention is paid to the employees of the department, who constitute its main potential. The educational and methodological work is reflected, the courses taught by the department’s staff are characterized. The Department of Geopolitics pays great attention to working with graduate students. An important component of the work of the Department of Geopolitics is scientific work and the publication activity that reflects it. In conclusion, prospects for the development of the Department of Geopolitics are outlined.
Paulo Freire: Filósofo Latinoamericano de la Educación
Authors: Menéndez Orantes Edgar Rolando
Published: February 2025

Los tiempos actuales siguen siendo un reto para quienes ejercen la docencia debido a que no dejan de existir en este mundo los opresores y oprimidos, los incluidos y excluidos, los que tienen voz y los que no la tienen. Por lo que las obras como “Pedagogía del Oprimido”, “Pedagogía de la Esperanza”, “Pedagogía de la Autonomía”, “Pedagogía de la Indignación”, deben seguir vigentes en el quehacer educativo actual, aun cuando su autor ya no se encuentre presente. El ensayo aborda un acercamiento a la vida, obra y pensamiento de Paulo Freire de igual manera aquellos conceptos en los que Freire basaba su pedagogía, dialéctica y praxis educativa como: ser humano, sociedad, alumno, docente, aprendizaje, enseñanza, conocimiento y valores fundamentales. Su objetivo principal es reflexionar a la luz de estos conceptos y del enfoque educativo que Freire deja como legado en aquellos educadores latinoamericanos que han abrazado su filosofía educativa. Mediante la investigación documental se puede apreciar aspectos medulares de la filosofía educativa freireana llevando al lector a cobrar un mayor interés por este educador y profundizar en su filosofía educativa desarrollada desde el contexto de América Latina.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN KADER PKK JUMANTIK TENTANG PEMBERANTASAN DAN PENCEGAHAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI RW 04 KELURAHAN RAWA BUAYA JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Abu Bakar
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to describe the level of knowledge of PKK Jumantik cadres about the eradication and prevention of dengue fever. The type of research used is qualitative using a descriptive research design. This research was conducted in RW 04 Kelurahan Rawa Buaya, West Jakarta, on June 17, 2016. The population in this study were all jumantik cadres in RW 04 Kelurahan Rawa Buaya West Jakata with a total of 31 cadres. In this study a sample of 31 respondents from Jumantik Cadre, taken with a total sampling to represent the population. The data collection used is primary data from respondents through a questionnaire consisting of 16 questions to determine the level of knowledge and secondary data through the puskesmas. The results showed that the majority of jumantik cadres had a moderate level of knowledge of 16 respondents (51.6%), high 14 respondents (45.2%), and low 1 respondent (3.2%). The conclusion is that the highest level of knowledge is 51.6%. Suggestions are expected to make jumantik cadres more active in eradicating and preventing DHF.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEAKTIFAN KADER POSYANDU DI DESA PAHLAWAN SETIA KECEMATAN TARUMAJAYA KABUPATAN BEKASI
Authors: Dortea Lewen  , Siti Astuti  , Emil
Published: February 2025

The high AKI (Maternal Mortality Rate) and IMR (Infant Mortality Rate) respectively 228/100,000 live births and 34/1,000 live births in Indonesia encourage several health services, especially posyandu services and puskesmas to be active in carrying out activities that reduce the MMR and IMR values. Posyandu is a service in the working area of â€‹â€‹the Puskesmas. The existence of Posyandu is driven by the activeness of Posyandu cadres in optimizing their participation in improving health efforts in Indonesia. Cadres in the implementation of posyandu are the central point of activities in posyandu. Its participation and activity is expected to be able to mobilize community participation. The activity of cadres in Pahlawan Setia Village still does not meet the minimum requirements, where 9.8% of cadres do not carry out posyandu activities for various reasons. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the level of activeness of cadres in the implementation of posyandu activities. The factors are age, level of education, level of knowledge, years of being a cadre, history of coaching and training, and family support. The statistical test of this study was chi-square and used a total sampling of 58 respondents. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between age and the activity of posyandu cadres (p-value = 0.023); there is a relationship between the education level of cadres and the activeness of posyandu cadres (p-value = 0.000); there is a relationship between the knowledge level of cadres and the activeness of posyandu cadres (p-value = 0.000); there is a relationship between the length of time being a cadre and the activity of posyandu cadres (p-value = 0.000); there is a relationship between the history of coaching and training of cadres with the activeness of posyandu cadres (p-value = 0.000); and there is a relationship between family support and the activity of posyandu cadres (p-value = 0.000). The results of this study can provide suggestions and input to posyandu services where the factors related to the activity of cadres.