bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stressful Life Events and Women's Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period
Authors: Alvarenga Patrícia , Frizzo Giana Bitencourt
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Stressful events can affect the mental health of women during pregnancy and the postpartum period. This study investigated the relationship between sociodemographic variables, stressors during pregnancy and women's mental health during pregnancy and postpartum. Seventy-nine pregnant women responded to the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and, in the first month of the baby's life, to the Stressful Life Events Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I). Regression analysis revealed that: (a) the score of common mental disorders in pregnancy was the only significant predictor of postpartum depression; (b) when the effects of postpartum depression on the perception of stressful life events were controlled, the impact of stressful life events on the variance in common mental disorders during pregnancy disappeared, and only the income remained as a significant predictor. These findings indicate the stability of the symptoms of mental disorders from pregnancy to the postpartum period.
Nutrient omission effect on growth and nutritional status of assai palm seedlings1
Authors: Araújo Fábio Reis Ribeiro ,   Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Brazil, Viégas Ismael de Jesus Matos , Cunha Raimundo Lázaro Moraes da , Vasconcelos Werica Larissa Farias de ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Brazil,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT The Amazonian assai palm has a great socioeconomic importance, but most of its commercial plantations take place in uplands and low natural fertility soils, what may hinder its development. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of nutrient omission on growth and nutritional status of assai palm seedlings (Ver-o-Peso cultivar). The experimental design was completely randomized, with 14 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatments consisted of complete fertilization with liming; no fertilization and no liming (control); complete fertilization with individual omission of N, P, K, Ca, Ca with no liming, Mg, Mg with no liming, S, B, Cu and Zn. Plant height, stem diameter and dry mass, leaf and total shoot dry mass, and leaf nutrients content and accumulation were evaluated. The initial growth of the assai palm plants was limited by the omission of P, N, K, Ca, Mg and Cu. The production of leaf dry mass was decreasingly affected by the omission of P > Cu > N > K > Mg, while leaf area was limited by the individual omissions of Ca > N > P > K > Mg > Zn. Plant development, measured by relative growth of shoots, was affected by lack of Ca > P > N > Mg > Cu > K, with an average reduction of 31 %. The nutrients most needed by the assai palm plants, as evidenced by nutrients contents and accumulation in the leaf dry mass, are: N > K > S > Ca > Mg > P > Mn > Zn > B > Cu.
Structural changes in leaves and roots are anatomical markers of aluminum sensitivity in sunflower1
Authors: Jesus Daniel da Silva de ,   Secretaria de Educação do Estado da Bahia, Brazil, Martins Fabiano Machado , Azevedo Neto André Dias de ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Aluminum (Al) toxicity in plants evidences the importance of genotype evaluation to the identification of tolerance markers. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of aluminum stress on the relative water content, membrane damages and anatomical changes, in Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive sunflower cultivars. Sunflower plants [Catissol (Al-tolerant) and IAC-Uruguai (Al-sensitive)] were grown in nutrient solution (control) or nutrient solution containing 0.15 mM of AlCl3 (Al-stress treatment), in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a factorial arrangement consisting of four harvest times x two sunflower cultivars x two Al levels, with four replications. The results showed that Al negatively affected the absolute integrity percentage and relative water content only for the IAC-Uruguay cultivar. These results in the stressed leaves of the Al-sensitive cultivar may be due to damage in the xylem structure. In addition, the increase in leaf blade thickness and parenchyma layers, as well as lignification of root tissues, are important traits of IAC-Uruguay plants and may be used as anatomical markers of Al sensitivity in sunflower.
Inbreeding depression in crambe1
Authors: Lara-Fioreze Ana Carolina da Costa ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina,  Brazil, Pivetta Laerte Gustavo , Zanotto Maurício Dutra ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso,  Brazil,   Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Inbreeding depression in plants, caused by selfing or crossing among plants with a high degree of relatedness, is a genetic phenomenon that affects quantitative traits. This study aimed at verifying the occurrence of inbreeding depression in crambe progenies originated from selfing, in comparison with open pollination progenies. A randomized blocks design, with three replications, in a 32 x 2 factorial arrangement, with 32 crambe progenies and two reproduction systems (artificial selfing and open pollination), was used. Grain yield, 1,000-grain weight, plant height and final stand were evaluated. A significant interaction was observed between progenies and reproduction systems in all traits evaluated. A reduction in grain yield, 1,000-grain weight and plant height occurred in the majority of the selfing progenies, when compared to open pollination progenies. Inbreeding depression was observed in all traits, especially for grain yield. The heritability coefficients of selfed progenies were higher than the open pollinated ones, except for 1,000-grain weight.
Ramularia leaf spot severity and effects on cotton leaf area and yield1
Authors: Ascari João Paulo ,   Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso,  Brazil, Mendes Inês Roeder Nogueira , Silva Vanessa Costa da , Araújo Dejânia Vieira de
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Cotton monoculture favors the development of diseases such as ramularia leaf spot, which causes early defoliation and boll rotting, thus decreasing yield. This study aimed at evaluating the severity of ramularia leaf spot and its effects on cotton leaf area and yield. The experiment was conducted in a triple (4 x 3 x 2) factorial design, consisting of four cultivars (FM940GLT, FM944GL, TMG42WS and TMG43WS), three thirds of the plant (lower, middle and upper) and two management conditions (with and without fungicide application). To the variable area under the disease progress curve, the lowest values were observed in the upper third of the TMG42WS and TMG43WS cultivars, with the lower and middle thirds presenting the highest severity. The condition managed with fungicide and the upper third showed the lowest values for area under the disease progress curve. The leaf area was negatively affected by the ramularia leaf spot. Concerning the seed and fiber yields, the highest averages were observed for the middle third and the condition managed with fungicide. There was no statistical difference for cotton yield loss.
Physiological and biochemical characterization of mango tree with paclobutrazol application via irrigation1
Authors: Souza Moisés Alves de ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Brazil, Mésquita Alessandro Carlos , Simões Welson Lima , Ferreira Kalline Mendes , Araujo Emanoel Fernado Jurema ,   Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Paclobutrazol application in mango tree floral induction is followed by changes in the hormonal balance and carbohydrates production. This study aimed at evaluating the physiological and biochemical variables of mango tree (Palmer cultivar) by applying paclobutrazol doses via irrigation. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five paclobutrazol doses (0.7 g, 1.0 g, 1.3 g, 1.6 g and 1.9 g of a.i. per linear meter of canopy) and one additional treatment, with one dose in the conventional form of application (1.9 g of a.i. per linear meter of canopy), and four replicates. The variables analyzed were: photosynthesis rate; stomatal conductance; transpiration; leaf temperature; CO2 ratio; total protein content; reducing, non-reducing and total soluble sugars in leaf tissue and fruit; and nitrate reductase enzyme. The lowest values for photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance were obtained with paclobutrazol applied via irrigation. The highest values for gas exchange were obtained with the lowest paclobutrazol doses applied via irrigation, showing that this kind of application is efficient and that it is possible to reduce the application dose via irrigation system. The highest carbohydrate contents in the leaf tissue were observed for the doses of 1.06 g and 1.09 g of a.i. per linear meter of canopy, applied via irrigation. The carbohydrate contents in fruits decreased in response to the paclobutrazol dose. The application methods and doses applied via irrigation did not influence the nitrate reductase activity.
Treatment of Solanum torvum seeds improves germination in a batch-dependent manner1
Authors: Cutti Luan ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Kulckzynski Stela Maris ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT The Solanum torvum species can grow in soils with a heavy load of nematodes and pathogenic fungi. It is currently much in demand in intensive agriculture as a rootstock of Solanaceae species, such as eggplant and tomato. This study aimed at comparing treatments, in order to determine the best method to accelerate the germination of S. torvum seed batches. Three seed batches were submitted to four treatments to overcome dormancy (water, potassium nitrate, gibberellic acid and pre-imbibition in gibberellic acid). The first germination count, germination percentage, germination speed index, mean germination time and mean germination speed were assessed. Treatments with gibberellic acid, with either pre-imbibition or only moistened substrate, exhibited the best germination speed index, mean germination time and mean germination speed. The final germination percentage showed a significant interaction between treatments and seed batches. Therefore, the treatments affect the final germination in a batch-dependent manner.
Environmental damage and public health threat caused by cemeteries: a proposal of ideal cemeteries for the growing urban sprawl
Authors: Neckel Alcindo , Costa Carlos , Mario Débora Nunes , Sabadin Clarice Elvira Saggin , Bodah Eliane Thaines
Published: February 2017

Abstract Growing urban land development has led to a reduction in the space available for cemeteries and the juxtaposition of residential and cemeterial areas, further raising the polluting potential of the latter. The present case study sought to assess levels of physicochemical and microbiological contamination in the Central Cemetery of Marau (RS/Brazil), and propose vertical cemetery deployment as a way to reduce necroleachate-linked pollution impacts. The following information was collected from 43 additional rural cemeteries: number of tombs, graves, chapels, and small vertical constructions with drawers, state of conservation and cleanliness and total area and perimeter of the cemetery. Eighty professionals of environmentally sustainable urban planning from four countries (20 Brazilians, 20 American, 20 Portuguese and 20 Japanese) were interviewed regarding the ‘ideal cemetery’. Various risks of cemetery soil contamination were identified, particularly high amounts of heterotrophic microorganisms, especially fecal coliforms associated with burial sites. In order to avoid contamination risks to environment and population, the mplemention of a vertical model of cemetery is proposed.
TENTATIVAS DE PADRONIZAÇÃO DO CURRÍCULO E DA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Lucíola Licínio de Castro Paixão ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil, Diniz-Pereira Júlio Emílio
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: Este artigo analisa as tentativas de padronização do currículo e da formação de professores no Brasil que, dentro de um processo de ampliação do controle sobre o trabalho docente, se relacionam à crescente penetração na educação de um ideário produzido no campo empresarial. Conclui-se que a padronização da formação docente termina sendo secundarizada, uma vez que o professor, no exercício de suas atividades, sofre diferentes formas de controle que, inexoravelmente, levam a padronizações do trabalho docente em escolas que seguem o currículo nacional e as avaliações sistêmicas.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: OUTPATIENT TREATMENT PROFILE
Authors: SANTOS Rachael Miranda dos , CARVALHO Ana Teresa Pugas , SILVA Kelly dos Santos , SÁ Selma Petra Chaves , SANTOS Aparecida Helena dos , SANDINHA Millene Ramos
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence and prevalence of both conditions have increased and are progressively increasing. These diseases are frequently recurrent and clinically highly severe. In Brazil, the lack of epidemiological data related to such diseases has left these patients in a vulnerable state and contributed to increased morbidity. OBJECTIVE To describe the profiles of patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated in an outpatient service in Brazil. METHODS This descriptive, exploratory, and retrospective documentary study with a quantitative approach was performed in an outpatient treatment service for inflammatory bowel disease, at a university polyclinic located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from May to July 2016. The study included 556 patients and was approved by the research ethics committee of the institution (CAAE no. 55179316.6.0000.5259/2016). RESULTS The data showed a high prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in white female patients. Crohn’s disease was diagnosed in more patients than was ulcerative colitis; the ileocolon was the most commonly affected location in patients with Crohn’s disease. The stenotic phenotype was prevalent in patients with Crohn’s disease. CONCLUSION The prevalence of the stenotic phenotype in Crohn’s disease in relation to others demonstrates the need for further investigations in this field of study in Brazil. In conclusion, the data showed that the epidemiologic profile of the study population is similar to that published in the national and international literature.
Evaluating pharmaceutical waste disposal in pediatric units
Authors: Almeida Maria Angélica Randoli de ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, Wilson Ana Maria Miranda Martins , Peterlini Maria Angélica Sorgini
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE To verify the disposal of pharmaceutical waste performed in pediatric units. METHOD A descriptive and observational study conducted in a university hospital. The convenience sample consisted of pharmaceuticals discarded during the study period. Handling and disposal during preparation and administration were observed. Data collection took place at pre-established times and was performed using a pre-validated instrument. RESULTS 356 drugs disposals were identified (35.1% in the clinic, 31.8% in the intensive care unit, 23.8% in the surgical unit and 9.3% in the infectious diseases unit). The most discarded pharmacological classes were: 22.7% antimicrobials, 14.8% electrolytes, 14.6% analgesics/pain killers, 9.5% diuretics and 6.7% antiulcer agents. The most used means for disposal were: sharps’ disposable box with a yellow bag (30.8%), sink drain (28.9%), sharps’ box with orange bag (14.3%), and infectious waste/bin with a white bag (10.1%). No disposal was identified after drug administration. CONCLUSION A discussion of measures that can contribute to reducing (healthcare) waste volume with the intention of engaging reflective team performance and proper disposal is necessary.
Quality of life of patients with graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Proença Sibéli de Fátima Ferraz Simão ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil, Machado Celina Mattos , Coelho Raquel de Castro Figueiredo Pereira , Sarquis Leila Maria Mansano , Guimarães Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt , Kalinke Luciana Puchalski ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE Assessing the quality of life of adult patients with hematological cancer in the 100 days after transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and verifying whether the variable graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is predictive of worse results. METHOD An observational correlational and quantitative study with 36 adult participants diagnosed with hematologic cancer who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from September 2013 to June 2015. RESULT The mean age was 37 years, 52.78% were female, and 61.11% were diagnosed with leukemia. Quality of life scores showed a significant impact between pre-transplantation and pre-hospital discharge, and also within the 100 days post-transplantation. The statistical analysis between the scores for the groups with and without GvHD showed a significant difference between the presence of the complication and worse results. CONCLUSION Quality of life is altered as a result of hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, especially in patients who have graft-versus-host disease.
The pilot study of radiology nursing intervention in abdominal 3-T Magnetic Resonance examination
Authors: Dong Gui-qing ,   Shandong University,  China, Wang Wen-wen , Deng Kai , Wang Guang-li ,   Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute,  P. R. China
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of radiology nursing intervention in abdominal examination at 3-T MRI. METHOD 60 patients with abdominal diseases were divided into two groups randomly: MR nursing intervention group and control group. All the patients underwent abdominal MR examination at 3-T. The MR nursing interventions were performed in nursing intervention group. The outcomes, including one-time success rate, the ratio of diagnosable MR images and the points of image quality, were compared between these two groups. RESULTS The one-time success rates in control group and MR nursing intervention group were 66.67% and 96.67% with significant difference ( χ2 =9.017, P<0.05). The ratios of diagnosable images in the two groups were 76.67% and 96.67% with significant difference (χ2 =5.192, P<0.05). The points of MR image quality in the two groups were 1.87±0.86 and 2.33±0.55, respectively. There was significant difference between these two groups (t=-2.508, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The effective nursing intervention can make the patients cooperation better in abdominal MR examination and improve the image quality significantly.
A qualitative exploration of facilitators and inhibitors influencing nurses' intention to leave clinical nursing
Authors: Alilu Leyla ,   Urmia University of Medical Sciences,  Iran, Valizadeh Leila , Zamanzadeh Vahid , Habibzadeh Hosein , Gillespie Mark ,   Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,  Iran,   Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,  Iran,   University of the West of Scotland,  United Kingdom
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the barriers and facilitators shaping the development of an intent to leave the nursing profession, from the perspective of Iran's clinical nurses. METHOD The study was completed using qualitative content analysis And included 21 Participants who were clinical nurses with a variety of work experience across a range of clinical posts. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and data obtained from the interviews were analyzed and interpreted utilizing a content analysis method. RESULTS During data analysis, 2 main themes, 5 categories and 12 subcategories were extracted as follows. Facilitators include: (I) spoiled identity (weak social status and violation of dignity), (II) frustration (feeling subordinate including a lack of appreciation), and (III) experience of hard labor (job stress, hard work and shift work). Inhibitors include: (I) positive management behaviors (rewards and support systems), and (II) being valuable (spiritual satisfaction, the efficient presence and professional capabilities development). CONCLUSION Based on the findings, it can be concluded that managers can prevent nurses from leaving clinical nursing by providing appropriate activities for them and increasing their motivation and satisfaction.
Development of a virtual learning environment for cardiorespiratory arrest training
Authors: Silva Anazilda Carvalho da ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil, Bernardes Andrea , Évora Yolanda Dora Martinez , Dalri Maria Célia Barcellos , Silva Alexandre Ribeiro da , Sampaio Camila Santana Justo Cintra ,   Valpamed Emergências Médicas,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE To develop a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) aiming at the training of nursing team workers and emergency vehicle drivers in Basic Life Support (BLS) to attend Cardiorespiratory arrest, and to evaluate the quality of its contents among specialists in the area of Emergency and Urgent care. METHOD Applied research of technological development. The methodology used was based on the Instructional Design Model (ADDIE), which structures the teaching-learning planning in different stages (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation). The VLE was composed of texts elaborated from bibliographic research, links, edited video from a simulation scenario in the laboratory and questions to evaluate the fixation of the content, organized in modules. RESULTS After its development, it was evaluated as adequate to satisfy the needs of the target public, by eight expert judges, which was made available for electronic access. CONCLUSION The VLE has potential as a tool for training and qualification in BLS, as it can be easily integrated with other pedagogical approaches and strategies with active methodologies.
Effects of dignity therapy on terminally ill patients: a systematic review
Authors: Donato Suzana Cristina Teixeira ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, Matuoka Jéssica Yumi , Yamashita Camila Cristófero , Salvetti Marina de Goés ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil,   Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE Analyzing the evidence of the effects of dignity therapy onterminally ill patients. METHOD A Systematic review of the literature conducted using the search strategy in six databases. Inclusion criteria were primary studies, excluding literature reviews (systematic or not) and conceptual articles. RESULTS Ten articles were analyzed regarding method, results and evidence level. Dignity therapy improved the sense of meaning andpurpose, will to live, utility, quality of life, dignity and family appreciationin studies with a higher level of evidence. The effects are not well established in relation to depression, anxiety, spirituality and physical symptoms. CONCLUSION Studies with a moderate to high level of evidence have shown increased sense of dignity, will to live and sense of purpose. Further studies should be developed to increase knowledge about dignity therapy.
Polymorphisms in the Prion Protein Gene of cattle breeds from Brazil
Authors: Sanches Cristiane C. ,   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul,  Brazil, Rosinha Grácia M.S. , Galvão Cleber E. , Feijó Gelson L.D. , Araújo Flábio R. , Soares Cleber O. ,   Embrapa Gado de Corte,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: One of the alterations that occur in the PRNP gene in bovines is the insertion/deletion (indel) of base sequences in specific regions, such as indels of 12-base pairs (bp) in intron 1 and of 23- bp in the promoter region. The deletion allele of 23 bp is associated with susceptibility to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) as well as the presence of the deletion allele of 12 bp. In the present study, the variability of nucleotides in the promoter region and intron 1 of the PRNP gene was genotyped for the Angus, Canchim, Nellore and Simmental bovine breeds to identify the genotype profiles of resistance and/or susceptibility to BSE in each animal. Genomic DNA was extracted for amplification of the target regions of the PRNP gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and specific primers. The PCR products were submitted to electrophoresis in agarose gel 3% and sequencing for genotyping. With the exception of the Angus breed, most breeds exhibited a higher frequency of deletion alleles for 12 bp and 23 bp in comparison to their respective insertion alleles for both regions. These results represent an important contribution to understanding the formation process of the Brazilian herd in relation to bovine PRNP gene polymorphisms.
Safety and immunogenicity of a glycoprotein E gene-deleted bovine herpesvirus 1 strain as a candidate vaccine strain
Authors: Weiss Marcelo ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria,  Brazil, Anziliero Deniz , Martins Mathias , Weiblen Rudi , Flores Eduardo Furtado ,   Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina,  Brazil,   Faculdade Meridional,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: A glycoprotein E-deleted Brazilian bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1gEΔ) was tested regarding to safety and immunogenicity. Intramuscular inoculation of young calves with a high virus dose did not result in clinical signs or virus shedding during acute infection or after dexamethasone administration. Calves vaccinated once IM (group I) or subcutaneously (group II) with live BoHV-1gEΔ or twice with inactivated virus plus aluminum hydroxide (group IV) or Montanide™ (group V) developed VN titers of 2 to 8 (GMT:2); 2 to 4 (GMT:1.65); 2 to 16 (GMT:2.45) and 2 to 128 (GMT:3.9), respectively. All BoHV-1gEΔ vaccinated calves remained negative in an anti-gE ELISA. Lastly, six young calves vaccinated with live BoHV-1gEΔ and subsequently challenged with a virulent BoHV-1 strain shed less virus and developed only mild and transient nasal signs comparing to unvaccinated calves. Thus, the recombinant BoHV-1gEΔ is safe and immunogenic for calves and allows for serological differentiation by a gE-ELISA test.
Epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of periodontitis in sheep
Authors: Silva Natália S. ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Brazil, Silveira José A.S. , Lima Danillo Henrique S. , Bomjardim Henrique A. , Brito Marilene F. , Borsanelli Ana Carolina , Dutra Iveraldo S. , Barbosa José D. ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil,   Unesp, Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of periodontitis in sheep that occurred on a rural property in Benevides, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The first clinical signs of this disease in the herd - visible nodular swollen mandible - were observed about one month after the sheep began grazing on a recently renovated Panicum maximum cv. Massai pasture; the animals were also supplemented with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum). From the 545 adult Santa Ines, Dorper, Texel and crossbred sheep, 20 (3.7%) showed facial bulging, particularly of the mandible. These 20 sheep, which were generally over 36 months of age, had low body condition scores as well as dull and ruffled coats; many of them had loose or missing pre, upper or lower molars, showed the formation of abscesses and fistulas, exhibited pain upon palpation and had difficulty chewing. In the same herd, the prevalence of periodontal lesions at the premolars and molar teeth was evaluated via post-mortem examination of 39 young and 17 adult sheep. In 51.3% (20/39) of adolescents and in 100% of adults, periodontal lesions were found at least at one tooth of the dental arch, with unilateral or bilateral periodontal lesions at the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Histopathological analysis of 13 sheep revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation. The second and third maxillary premolars were the teeth that were most affected in young animals, whereas the third pre-molar and the molars, of the maxilla and mandible, were most often affected in adults. These lesions led to severe bone destruction, alterations in the dental arch, occlusion, tooth loss and periodontal abscesses. The epidemiological and clinic-pathological characteristics of this periodontitis outbreak, described here for the first time in sheep in Brazil, were similar to those for bovine periodontitis (“cara inchada”).
Detecção do virus ‘HoBi’-like (BVDV-3) em bovino no semiárido do Estado da Paraíba
Authors: Marques Ana L.A. ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Brazil, Maia Lisanka A. , Aguiar Gildeni M.N. , Weber Matheus N. , Simões Sara V.D. , Azevedo Sérgio S. ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: Objetivou-se descrever os aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos, e a identificação viral de um caso de infecção pelo vírus ‘Hobi’-like (BVDV-3) em bovino do semiárido paraibano, Nordeste do Brasil. Um bovino, fêmea, três meses de idade, foi levado ao Hospital Veterinário da UFCG apresentando salivação, dificuldade de apreensão do teto, falta de apetite, fezes escuras e em pouca quantidade. Diante da piora do quadro clínico optou-se por sua eutanásia in extremis, seguida da realização da necropsia e coleta de material para histopatologia. Histologicamente, nas mucosas do trato digestivo, havia edema, degeneração balonosa, necrose e infiltrado inflamatório, que foi observado na face dorsal da língua e no seu epitélio mais profundo. A imunohistoquímica de amostras de extremidade de pavilhão auricular demonstrou marcação antigênica positiva e pela RT-PCR foi possível detectar RNA viral do BVDV no soro sanguíneo, cujo efeito citopático em células epiteliais de rim bovino da linhagem “Madin Darby bovine kidney” (MDBK) não foi observado. O sequenciamento do gene 5’NCR demonstrou que o vírus isolado estaria mais relacionado ao ‘Hobi’-like (BVDV-3). Após a confirmação do diagnóstico foram coletadas amostras de soro dos 23 animais do rebanho para sorologia por ELISA indireto, sendo constatada 69,6% (16/23) de soropositividade. A identificação deste novo caso de infecção por ‘Hobi’-like na Paraíba reafirma a necessidade de um monitoramento regular para BVDV na região para detecção precoce da infecção dos rebanhos e adoção de medidas eficazes de prevenção e controle.
Importância da eletrocardiografia como um exame pré-cirúrgico em cães1
Authors: Figueiredo Vânia C. ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras,  Brazil, Pereira Camila S. , Muzzi Ruthnea A.L. , Borges Jerry C. , Muzzi Leonardo A.L. , Oberlender Guilherme , Oliveira Marina M. de , Abreu Claudine B. de ,   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: Foi analisado o perfil eletrocardiográfico pré-cirúrgico de 124 cães submetidos a diferentes intervenções cirúrgicas com objetivo de relacionar as variáveis idade, sexo, porte, ausência ou presença de alterações cardiovasculares detectadas durante o exame físico e afecção cirúrgica com os achados eletrocardiográficos. Não foi observada associação entre essas variáveis e as alterações eletrocardiográficas. Um total de 79 animais (63,7%) apresentou algum tipo de alteração no eletrocardiograma. Assim, este estudo sugere que o exame eletrocardiográfico pré-cirúrgico é de grande valia, independente do sexo, idade, peso, histórico ou sinais clínicos associados a doença cardíaca.
Estudo de ovários fetais equinos: uma abordagem histológica1
Authors: Moraes Gabriela D. de ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande,  Brazil, Curcio Bruna da R. , Nogueira Carlos E. , Pazinato Fernanda M. , Finger Ilusca S. , Silva Alessandra C. , Varela Junior Antônio S. , Corcini Carine Dahl ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brazil,   UFPel,  Brazil,   FURG,  Brazil,   UFPel,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: O estudo do desenvolvimento embriológico de órgãos reprodutivos representa uma ferramenta importante para a compreensão das particularidades da espécie equina, assim como ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o desenvolvimento de folículos antrais que podem ser utilizados para produção in vitro de embriões. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever as alterações morfológicas de ovários fetais equinos ocorrentes durante o desenvolvimento gestacional. Foram utilizados fetos equinos provenientes de abatedouro. Imediatamente após o abate foi realizada medição da distância cefalococcígea para o cálculo da idade gestacional em dias (dias de gestação - DG) e dissecação dos fetos para a retirada e fixação dos ovários. Foram realizadas avaliações macroscópicas e histológicas pelas técnicas de Hematoxilina-eosina e PAS. Foram utilizados 19 fetos com idade de 50-269 dias de gestação, distribuídos em 9 grupos de DG. Na avaliação macroscópica foi observada diferença entre o volume dos ovários de acordo com a idade gestacional, sendo observado maior volume ovariano entre os dias 210 a 269 de desenvolvimento gestacional. Na avaliação histológica foi observado epitélio de revestimento cúbico e distinção entre as camadas cortical e medular nos ovários fetais a partir de 50-89 DG. As principais características identificadas foram à distinção morfológica entre as camadas cortical e medular nos ovários fetais equinos: os cordões ovígeros surgiram no intervalo de 150-179 DG; o córtex iniciada como uma camada delgada e por volta do 210º dia de gestação apresentou espessamento pelo aumento da quantidade de tecido conjuntivo rico em vasos sanguíneos, o qual se manteve até os estágios finais da gestação; a região medular adquiriu uniformidade estrutural por volta do 150º dia, mostrando células similares em tamanho e vasos sanguíneos de calibre maior. A partir desta etapa, as células medulares diminuíram em tamanho e feixes de tecido conjuntivo denso tornaram esta zona parcialmente dividida.
Comparative anatomy of the gluteal muscles of Sapajus libidinosus 1
Authors: Soares Nayane Peixoto ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás,  Brazil, Vieira Vanessa de Souza , Pereira Dayane Kelly S. , Lima Fabiano Campos , Araújo Eugênio Gonçalves , Pereira Kleber Fernando ,   UFG,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: New World primates Sapajus sp. unexpectedly display cognitive aspects, tool use, social behavior, memory and anatomical aspects similar to Old World primates, such as chimpanzees and baboons. Convergent evolutionary aspects must have occurred between Sapajus and Old World primates and should be verified not only in terms of behavior analysis, but also of anatomical structure. The pelvic region can provide data for evolutionary verification trends, since taking standing position is one of the characteristics associated to the use of tools by early humans and pongids. We used eight specimens of Sapajus libidinosus to describe the deep muscular structure of the pelvis. Unlike humans, the gluteus medius muscle in S. libidinosus is completely covered by the gluteus maximus and elongated as compared to humans and chimpanzees, putatively by the elongated pelvis of S. libidinosus. Considering origin and insertion, the gluteus maximus muscle resembles more its counterpart in baboons than in humans and chimpanzees, since this muscle in baboons is associated to semibiped posture and to the tail. Gluteus minimum, piriformis, superior gemellus, internal shutter, gemellus and lower square muscles are positioned in this order in relation to the cranial-caudal axis, with all of its tendons converging for a common insertion in the greater trochanter. The muscles of the gluteal region of S. libidinosus are similar to the baboon, especially regarding the gluteus maximus, which points to the evolutionary kinship of these animals.
O protocolo de pesquisa da circulação na sociologia da cultura, no Brasil
Authors: Farias Edson ,   Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo Localiza-se o protocolo de pesquisa da circulação cultural e dos conhecimentos nas pautas da sociologia da cultura no Brasil. Sob o ponto de vista processual, toma-se por objeto de conhecimento e reflexão as figurações discursivo-epistêmicas e institucionais referidas à diferenciação da sociologia da cultura no interior do campo das ciências sociais brasileiras. São traçados itinerários de linhagens intelectuais, na medida mesma em que descreveremos elementos a nosso ver heurísticos dos seus respectivos quadros de ferramentas conceituais. São analisados três estágios: (1) a abordagem sociológica centrada no problema modernista sobre a figura pública do intelectual encerrado nas condições de uma sociedade de capitalismo dependente periférico; (2) a reorientação analítica na qual o prisma da indústria cultural alcança significativa importância nas formulações sobre a produção simbólica, em especial no que toca às concepções de modernidade brasileira; (3) as possibilidades abertas pela lente da mundialização são retomadas com a finalidade de traçar um quadro não exaustivo do que estamos entendendo como possibilidades do protocolo da circulação cultural e do conhecimento.
Qual capacidade crítica? Relendo Luc Boltanski à luz de Margaret Archer
Authors: Campos Luiz Augusto ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo A chamada “sociologia da capacidade crítica” de Luc Boltanski vem se tornando um dos principais paradigmas teóricos de interpretação das relações sociais. Contrário ao modo como a sociologia crítica à la Bourdieu entende a reflexividade humana, Boltanski propõe tratar os indivíduos como seres reflexivos, plenamente capazes de julgar e criticar o mundo. No entanto, essa “capacidade crítica” funciona em sua sociologia mais como premissa teórica do que como objeto concreto de investigação. Diante disso, este texto argumenta que uma sociologia interessada na capacidade crítica dos sujeitos não pode apenas “supô-la”, deve constituí-la em objeto de estudo sociológico. Para tal, propõe-se reconceituar a capacidade crítica como competência reflexiva, no sentido dado à expressão pela socióloga inglesa Margaret Archer. O recurso às categorias de Archer não apenas ajuda a identificar os limites da sociologia de Boltanski, mas, sobretudo, permite ampliar o seu alcance.
Educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva: desafios da implantação de uma política nacional
Authors: Kassar Mônica de Carvalho Magalhães
Published: February 2017

Este artigo propõe-se a analisar os desafios do oferecimento de uma educação especial dentro da atual política de educação inclusiva do Governo Federal. Para tanto, apresenta um breve histórico a respeito das diretrizes educacionais baseadas na separação de alunos, que sustentaram a educação especial no Brasil desde sua implantação até a adoção de uma política de matrículas em massa de crianças com ou sem deficiências nas escolas públicas. Discute as condições de implantação da proposta do Governo Federal de um "sistema educacional inclusivo", que conta com um suporte de atendimento educacional especializado para complementar e suplementar a educação escolar. Apresenta também um estudo de caso em uma escola pública municipal considerada como representativa de sucesso e aponta para limites da materialização da política proposta. Conclui ressaltando os impasses estabelecidos pelas escolhas do Governo Federal para a atual política educacional.
Inclusão escolar pela via da colaboração entre educação especial e educação regular
Authors: Mendes Eniceia Gonçalves , Almeida Maria Amélia , Toyoda Cristina Yoshie
Published: February 2017

A preocupação sobre as práticas inclusivas nas escolas públicas no Brasil começou após a Declaração de Salamanca, com desafios e dúvidas. Ainda hoje, passados cerca de 15 anos, os professores do ensino regular se queixam dizendo que não têm conhecimento suficiente ou preparo formal para lidar com crianças com necessidades educacionais especiais, especialmente quando estas apresentam disfunções graves, como paralisia cerebral, deficiência intelectual e comportamentos desafiadores. A colaboração entre profissionais da Educação Especial e Regular pode ser uma alternativa para enfrentar tais desafios. O objetivo deste relato foi o de apresentar um breve histórico de um programa de pesquisa, ensino e extensão que busca aproximar a Universidade Federal de São Carlos dos professores do ensino comum que têm alunos com necessidades especiais em suas salas de aula. Iniciado em 2004, este programa está na atualidade em seu sétimo ano de execução e envolve professores da universidade, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação e professores do ensino comum. Os resultados parecem apontar essa via de colaboração entre Educação Especial e Regular como um caminho promissor para a construção de escolas mais inclusivas.
Ingresso e permanência na Universidade: alunos com deficiências em foco
Authors: Moreira Laura Ceretta , Bolsanello Maria Augusta , Seger Rosangela Gehrke
Published: February 2017

O estudo trata das políticas inclusivas inseridas na educação brasileira a partir da década de 1990 para os alunos com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NEE). Realiza uma breve apresentação dessas políticas na educação básica e, de forma mais específica, no ensino superior. Discute os principais dispositivos legais acerca da inclusão desse alunado no ensino superior, bem como alguns dos desdobramentos e implicações para a universidade pública. Utiliza como referência a trajetória da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), evidenciando os dispositivos legais e as principais ações institucionais que embasaram a implantação da inclusão dos alunos com NEE nesta universidade. Sete alunos foram entrevistados (três com cegueira, dois com deficiência física, um com deficiência múltipla e um com surdez), em sete cursos da UFPR, com o objetivo de conhecer a trajetória desses alunos na universidade e a sua relação com as ações e encaminhamentos institucionais no seu processo de inclusão. Após análise qualitativa dos dados extraíram-se os seguintes eixos de análise: perfil dos alunos, ingresso e permanência na universidade, políticas inclusivas na universidade. Os dados coletados destacam as vivências e estratégias desenvolvidas pelos alunos para permanecer no ensino superior e a importância de apoios e recursos no ingresso e permanência na universidade. Por fim, evidencia a importância da implementação de políticas efetivas para garantir a inclusão desse alunado e o papel fundamental da universidade na defesa dos direitos dos alunos com deficiência.
Influencia de las disposiciones en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico y el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Merchán Nidia Yaneth Torres
Published: February 2017

El trabajo que se presenta a continuación manifiesta la importancia de considerar en el proceso de aprendizaje las disposiciones y las actitudes de los estudiantes; para lo cual se realizó una caracterización de estas en un grupo de estudiantes de educación media, utilizando un cuestionario que hace parte deltest HCTAES, propuesto por Halpern (1998). Este instrumento permite evidenciar la motivación de los estudiantes en clases de ciencias y su capacidad de pensamiento crítico, por lo que en gran medida hace que los estudiantes toman conciencia de lo que aprenden durante su formación.
Novas raças, novas doenças: a possibilidade colonizadora por meio da mistura racial em History of Brazil (1810-1819) de Robert Southey
Authors: Varella Flávia Florentino ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Published: February 2017

Resumo A possibilidade de o clima alterar o temperamento de pessoas não nativas de determinada região era crença difundida desde antes do descobrimento da América. As mudanças de ar, temperatura e alimentação, acreditava-se, poderiam contribuir decisivamente para a degeneração ou o florescimento das raças. No Novo Mundo, as raças negra, europeia e indígena foram mescladas, reconfigurando doenças europeias. Exploro neste artigo como, na avaliação do historiador Robert Southey, essa mistura de raças foi tida como bastante positiva, principalmente a do indígena com a do português, que gerava o mameluco. Os paulistas, que eram mamelucos, foram apresentados em History of Brazil como herdeiros do temperamento empreendedor português e da infatigabilidade indígena.
A questão racial na obra de Domingos Guedes Cabral
Authors: Arteaga Juanma Sánchez ,   Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil, Almeida Ronnie Jorge Tavares de , El-Hani Charbel Niño ,   UFBA, Brasil,   UFBA, Brasil
Published: February 2017

Resumo Na Bahia de 1875, a medicina e o evolucionismo foram utilizados pelo médico, jornalista e militante republicano Domingos Guedes Cabral como armas ideológicas para propor um programa radical de reformas sociais no país. O programa incluía diversas propostas no campo da educação, controle dos casamentos, assistência médica aos alienados, mudanças no sistema penal etc., tudo com base em conhecimentos científicos da época. Entre as ideias sociais de Guedes Cabral, a questão racial será nosso principal foco de análise. Nesse sentido, Domingos Guedes Cabral constitui um exemplo particularmente significativo para entender como foram os primeiros passos na peculiar aliança estabelecida entre evolucionismo, medicina e racismo científico no Brasil desde a década de 1870, momento de chegada do darwinismo no país.
A laboratory for Latin eugenics: the Italian Committee for the Study of Population Problems and the international circulation of eugenic knowledge, 1920s-1940s
Authors: Berlivet Luc André ,   Centre de recherche médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société,  France,   Centre national de la recherche scientifique,  France,   Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales,  France
Published: February 2017

Abstract The aim of this article is to shed light on the rise to international prominence of the Italian statistician and eugenicist Corrado Gini and his appointment as the inaugural president of the Latin International Federation of Eugenic Societies in October 1935. It explores the numerous pioneering, still little known, investigations he undertook with a few Italian scientists and some foreign scholars, in order to analyze the role played by “isolation,” and “racial hybridization” in the formation and degeneration of human races. After outlining Gini’s professional and political trajectory, the article focuses on the scientific expeditions launched by the Italian Committee for the Study of Population Problems between 1933 and 1940 under his stewardship.
Between Germanic and Latin eugenics: Portugal, 1930-1960
Authors: Cleminson Richard Mark ,   University of Leeds, United Kingdom
Published: February 2017

Abstract This article assesses critically the participation of Portuguese eugenicists in “Latin eugenics” and traces the continuities and discontinuities with respect to this model. In particular, it focuses on a number of examples of more “Germanic” eugenics in contrast and in comparison to Latin versions of eugenics. In the former category, Eusébio Tamagnini, José Ayres de Azevedo and Leopoldina Ferreira de Paulo are considered; in the latter category, especially the work of Almerindo Lessa on “racial mixing” is considered. The conclusions suggest that we should seek diversity in both Latin and northern European eugenic models while at the same time placing Portugal within the array of possible versions of eugenics during the first half of the twentieth century.