bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TARİHSEL SÜREÇTE İZMİR İLİ ALSANCAK-KONAK KIYI BANDINDA KULLANIM DEĞİŞİMLERİ VE KENT SİMGELERİNİN OLUŞUMU
Authors: ÖZBEY Deniz , GÜNEŞ GÖLBEY Aslı
Published: November 2021

Kıyı bölgeleri yüzyıllardan beri dönemsel koşullar ve farklılaşan gereksinimler ile değişkenlik göstermekte ve yaşanan bu değişimler paralelinde kent kimliğini ve kültürünü de etkilemektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, tarihsel gelişim süreçlerine dayalı verilerden elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda Alsancak-Konak kıyı kesiminde yaşanan kıyı/kullanım değişimlerinin İzmir’in kent kimliği üzerine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda Alsancak-Konak kıyı bandında, tarihsel süreçte kıyı çizgisinin sürekli değiştiği ve yapılan dolgu çalışmaları ile yeni yerler, yeni mekânlar yaratılırken, eski mekânların kullanımlarının farklılaştığı, yok olduğu veya unutulduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Alsancak-Konak kıyı bölgesi boyunca kıyıda meydana gelen bütün değişimlerin, kendi simgelerini oluşturarak kentin kimliğini büyük ölçüde etkilediği ortaya konmuştur. Aynı zamanda çalışma sonucunda kent kimliğinin korunabilmesi için kent içlerinde yer alan kıyı alanlarının korunması gerekliliği konusunda farkındalık oluşturulması çalışmanın hedefleri arasındadır.
EXAMINATION OF GAS EXCHANGE PARAMETERS OF Abies balsamea (L) MILL. AND Abies concolor SAPLINGS, GROWN UNDER VARIOUS WATER REGIME, EXPOSED TO EXTREME DROUGHT STRESS AT THE END OF THE GROWING SEASON
Authors: KOÇ İsmail
Published: November 2021

Two-year-old (plug+1) containerized Abies balsamea (L) Mill. and Abies concolor saplings were grown under various irrigation in the greenhouse to examine gas exchange parameters end of the growing period when they were exposed to extreme drought stress. Relative height growth (RHG) and relative root collar diameter (RRCD) were measured next to gas exchange parameters, such as net photosynthetic rate (Anet), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE=Anet/gs), and water use efficiency (WUE=Anet/E). As a result, Abies balsamea saplings had a higher RHG and RRCD than Abies concolor. Species had a significant effect on leaf gas exchange parameters that Abies balsamea had a higher Anet, gs, and a lower iWUE than Abies concolor. Increasing irrigation increased Anet and E. The interaction of species and time was statistically significant for gs and iWUE measurement. İncreasing prolonged drought decreased gs and did not change iWUE values for Abies balsamea, while increased gs and reduced iWUE for Abies concolor saplings. Even though Anet, E, and WUE were not statistically significant under the interaction of species and time, there is a decreasing trend for Abies balsamea on these parameters. In contrast, Abies concolor had a decreasing trend on Anet, and WUE and an increasing trend for gs when the saplings were exposed to extreme drought or extended the dehydration period were observed. Abies balsamea had a better performance and drought tolerance than Abies concolor when exposed to a prolonged drought.
Evaluation of business activity of a construction firm
Authors: Savenko V.I. , Nesterenko I.S. , Savenko S.S. , Orlik Yu.V.
Published: November 2021

The assessment of current production activities is carried out on the example of specialized construction and installation management with the help of turnover indicators as well as the level of efficiency of use of own and borrowed funds by the enterprise was determined.

Indicators of this group characterize the results and efficiency of the current main activity of the enterprise, such analysis can be carried out both at the qualitative level and with the help of quantitative criteria.

The main ones are production indicators, return on assets and turnover indicators. These indicators are of great importance for assessing the financial condition of the enterprise, because the speed of turnover, i.e. the speed of their conversion into cash, directly affects the solvency. The results of the calculation of the rate of return indicate that this fact (decrease in the turnover of fixed assets) may be associated with aging and wear of production equipment, i.e. we can say that the technical level of fixed assets of the object is low.

The coefficient of sustainability of economic growth shows the average rate at which the company can develop further, without changing the already established relationship between different sources of funding. Summarizing the comparative data, we can say that if the management of the enterprise intends to increase its production capacity in order to increase production, it is necessary to change the financial policy. The results of calculations allow to show that at the analyzed enterprise there was a significant increase in the full production cycle and turnover as a whole. The duration of the operating cycle increased by more than 1.2 times and the duration of the financial cycle by almost 2 times. This was negatively affected by the factor of a significant slowdown in the turnover of inventories. Increasing the full production cycle in the future may cause negative trends in the enterprise as a whole, because this factor will primarily affect the amount of profit, which will affect the efficiency of production. The company activities to reduce the amount of net profit was influenced primarily by the acquisition of inventories, low-value perishable items and fixed assets, as well as repayment of accounts payable and payment of penalties.

The period of turnover of the most liquid assets during the year varied from 0.04 to 17.5 days. The average chronological value in the period of saving money in the accounts of the enterprise was 7.5 days. This fact indicates that the company, despite the apparent well-being, is experiencing a serious shortage of funds. They were enough for a little over a week. Thus, with the help of analysis of economic indicators, you can describe the general condition of the company and the possibilities of its operation and development
Budgeting as a tool for planning and managing business activities of the enterprise
Authors: Tsyfra T. , Loktionova Yа. , Kostenko N.
Published: November 2021

The article highlights the theoretical approaches to the essence of the concept of "budgeting" as a tool for managing economic activity of the enterprise. Based on the study of interpretations of the "budgeting" concept, a comparison of opinions of different scientists-researchers of this economic category is generalized and formed. The role of budgeting and opportunities for effective management of economic activity of the enterprise are revealed. The principles on which the budgeting system is based are analyzed and supplemented by their own, which include: optimality; unity; systematics, transparency, alternatives, complexity. The classification of budgeting methods is carried out according to the following classification features: selection of budget planning objects, initial base, budget development procedure, level of centralization, level of adaptation of budget planning to changes in the external environment, method of planned budget indicators calculating. It is determined that budgeting as well as any economic category has its advantages and disadvantages, the main of which are given in this article.

Modern business conditions necessitate entrepreneurs to take into account changes in both internal and external environment, actively master innovative management technologies, study market conditions, take into account the probability of certain events and at the same time develop models of enterprise behavior in the absence of sustainable development in labor, material, information and financial resources.

A significant number of business representatives appreciated the benefits of applying the budgeting process in practice, which is one of the management tools and has become widespread in economically developed countries. Budgeting is not a universal method of avoiding negative impact on the results of their activities, but provides an opportunity to navigate in a real fast-changing environment and make the necessary sound management decisions that will provide optimal conditions for business development in an unstable economy. The practical application of budgeting becomes an objective necessity, as it helps to optimize resource flows, ensures economical use of all types of resources, affects cash flow management, increases financial discipline, the level of investment attractiveness and competitiveness of enterprises.
Customer service engineering in construction
Authors: Shevchuk K.I.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the role and mission of the customer service in engineering activities during the design and implementation of investment and construction projects.

The essence of engineering, its legal definition, types of engineering at different stages of investment projects are revealed, it is determined that the main purpose of cost engineering is to stimulate for economical work, which is possible through the use of effective engineering solutions.

The review of theoretical approaches and methodical recommendations to the concept of "engineering activity", "cost engineering", ways of estimation and formation of effective service of the customer on engineering activity at stages of designing, erection of construction objects, commissioning is carried out. Cost engineering has been identified as an integral part of engineering. The legal support of engineering activities is considered.

It is proposed to classify engineering activities according to the functional approach in accordance with the stages of investment projects, namely: pre-project engineering - pre-project stage, project engineering - maintenance of project documentation, construction engineering - engineering activities during construction of facilities - commissioned and further operation, cost engineering - cost optimization at all stages of the investment project, not just at the design stage. The author's classification will allow to coordinate the types of engineering activities with the main stages of implementation of investment and construction projects and will facilitate the customer's services to choose areas for improvement of ongoing projects.

It has been proposed for the leading Ukrainian universities to conduct advanced training and introduce the second level of higher education in higher education in the specialty "Сost Engineering in Construction".
Investment crisis: causes and ways to overcome
Authors: Kishchenko T.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the main features and peculiarities of the investment crisis, which is an element of the systemic crisis that has gripped the state economy and negatively affects all spheres of public life and activity. The investment crisis is an obstacle to operational, investment and financial activities of construction companies, causing demand for real estate. The global internal causes of low investment activity are analyzed, which are, first of all, the current state of the state economy, which increases investment risk and significantly complicates the formation of investment programs, creates conditions for illegal withdrawal of investment resources from the real economy to other areas. All this is a consequence of insufficiently deep development of regulatory and legal framework for the development of investment activities in the country: the existing legal norms do not work, there is no effective mechanism of punishment and property liability for improper use of investment resources, and the result - violation of the investment process. Among the identified and the ways of overcoming the investment crisis mentioned in the article are as follows: renewal of domestic sources of investment resources in the real economy, which were paralyzed in the last years of the country's life, the need to strengthen strong incentives and arguments for returning lost domestic capital from abroad.  The creation of new laws on the efficient use of own sources to finance domestic investments in the modernization of production and introduction of new, modern technologies, as well as laws that will prevent the outflow of capital from the state during the acute investment crisis. The lack of a clear legal framework and non-compliance with current legislation is the main reason for the significant reduction in investment in Ukraine, both domestic and foreign.
Transformation of the Ukrainian cities within post-Chornobyl and Post-totalitarian ‘transitional’ period
Authors: Dyomin Mykola , Panchenko Tamara , Ustinova Iryna
Published: November 2021

The study of the transformation of Ukrainian cities in the post-Chornobyl and post-totalitarian transition period highlighted a number of general development trends and regional features of the global urban process. Despite the socio-economic upheavals, Russia's military aggression and population decline, Ukraine has entered the ‘human development high category’ list of countries. Studies have shown that the country urbanization level continues to grow, while balancing its spatial development potential. This is evidenced by the emergence of the ‘South-West Spatial Vector’, the ‘West Sector’ and the ‘Meridional Axis’ of the urbanization process development. This indicates, first, the ‘spatial structures memory’, the presence of which allows us to interpret post-socialist transformations as a ‘return to pre-socialist development trajectories’ of Ukraine in common Pan-European space; secondly, on the cyclical development and reversibility of ‘waves vibrational motion’ of the world urban process; thirdly, the ‘country urbanized space reaction’ to the Russian military aggression in the East of Ukraine, the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and part of the Donbas territories.

The specifics of the post-socialist development of the Kyiv Agglomeration reflect the new status of Kyiv and the general trend of development of the European metropolitan network, as well as the ‘gravitational pattern’ of spatial development, which is manifested by territorial uneven economic development and ‘growth poles wave migration’ from center to periphery and vice versa. The post-Chornobyl growth of the tourist attractiveness of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, where 80% of visitors are foreigners, will contribute to the further transformation of Ukrainian cities. In particular, air communication − the development of Kyiv and the Kyiv Agglomeration; roads − development of bordering cities in the west and south of the country, as well as cities in the areas of Pan-European transport corridors influence; railway - the development of Kyiv, Chernihiv, Slavutych; the Dnipro - Visla waterway project implementation, the purpose of which is the connection of the Baltic and Black Seas - the development of city-river ports along the Dnipro and Pripyat Rivers.
Stabilization of the process of mechanized pulsed-arc welding
Authors: Maksimov Sergey , Gavrilyuk Anatoly , Krazhanovskyi Denys
Published: November 2021

The main disadvantage of the mechanized arc welding process in shielding gases with short circuits is the spatter during melting of the electrode metal and its transfer to the weld pool, which affects the productivity of the process, reducing it. Its elimination is possible through the implementation of the controlled transfer of molten electrode metal into the weld pool. The implementation of such a transfer and the control of the processes that take place in the arc gap to a large extent determine the conditions for the qualitative formation of the deposited metal, the stability of the process, the magnitude of the loss of electrode metal and the manufacturability of the processes of arc welding in shielding gases. At the present stage of development of welding technologies, controlled transfer of electrode metal is possible due to the pulsed nature of arc burning. In this case, one of the main methods for increasing the efficiency of the process is to limit the maximum value of the short circuit current by increasing the inductive resistance of the welding circuit.

The research aimed to determine the effect of the rate of rising of the welding current during a short circuit on the stability of the welding arc. It was found that an increase in the current growth rate, starting from 1.23 kA/s to 50 kA/ s, leads to a decrease in the average duration of short circuits by at least 10 times. At the same time, the average frequency of short circuits increases by more than 2 times, from 36...38 s-1 to 80...86 s-1. The reason for this is the increase in the values of the electrodynamics’ Lorentz force, the action of which leads to the compression of the liquid metal bridge of the drop (pinch effect) due to an increase in the short circuit current. At the same time, there is a violation of the stability of the pulse process, and this is reflected in an increase in the average frequency of arc breaks by more than 30 times from 0.33 s-1 to 10 s-1. An increase in the energy parameters of the welding process led to a decrease in the average frequency of short circuits (2...3 times) and their average duration (2 times). The reason for this should be considered a change in the type of transfer of liquid metal – the welding process with short circuits has turned into a mixed process in which, along with short circuits, a droplet transfer of electrode metal is observed.
Improvement of the calculation and experimental method of evaluation of carbonization of reinforced concrete structures of sewerage underground systems
Authors: Sukach Mykhailo , Chigarov Valeriy , Chebotar Ivan
Published: November 2021

Carbonization of concrete leads to a decrease in the alkalinity of concrete, an increase in the number of hydrogen ions in the pores, is one of the main factors that lead to corrosion of reinforcement, the formation of cracks and the subsequent reduction of load-bearing capacity of structures. The study of the depth of carbonization of concrete is to determine the pH of the pore liquid at different depths. There are devices with automatic maintenance of a given concentration of carbon dioxide, to determine the diffusion permeability of concrete to carbon dioxide, based on data on the rate of neutralization (carbonization) of concrete with carbon dioxide. Basically, this method is intended for use in the development of technology and design of concrete composition, providing long-term maintenance of structures in non-aggressive and aggressive gaseous environments, as chips are not prepared immediately before the test and after reaching the design age are placed in the installation with reagents for 7 days. But to determine the carbonization directly on the construction site or object often use the pH method, i.e. the indicator method of pH determination. To assess the concentration of hydrogen ions used acid-base indicators - organic substances – dyes, the color of which depends on the pH from the obtained results the algorithm of definition of depth of carbonization consists in the following actions. The improved formula of definition of depth of carbonization of concrete taking into account degree of aging and corrosion damages for what in the final formula the corresponding coefficients kst and kkor are entered: hcarb = {(2D˖C˖τ) / (mo˖kst ˖kkor)} 1/2, where the effective diffusion coefficient of CO2 in the concrete of the existing reinforced concrete structure, which is determined by the condition D = (mo˖δ2) / (2C˖t ). The thickness of the neutralized layer δ is determined experimentally on an existing structure using a physicochemical method (phenolphthalein solution or using depth gauges. .Concentration of CO2 in air C should be determined by chemical analysis of air samples taken directly from the structure or take ≈ 0.03%. Re. the ability of concrete mo is determined by the formula mo = 0.4 (C˖p˖f), taking the amount of cement, kg per 1m3, respectively, the strength of concrete. neutralization of concrete is equal to f = 0.5.
Aspekty medyczno-prawne dotyczące żywienia w kontekście bezpieczeństwa ekologicznego żywności
Authors: Świerżewska Julia , Kaszczewska Salomea , Młodziejewski Wojtek
Published: November 2021

They know better all the features and risks of their business, and therefore they must be responsible for their safety. Implementation of the main elements of the new food safety control system in Ukraine takes place through the implementation of a permanent procedure based on the HACCP principles [1−3]. Now, entrepreneurs must identify potential hazards and risks of the production process and capacities, as well as take all necessary measures to minimize them. Together with greater responsibility the entrepreneurs receive more freedom. For example, the state cannot require the factory to have light walls above 1.8m. The quality is a subjective and personal concept, and safety requirements must prevent the harmful effects of products on the health of the consumer. At the same time, Ukrainians need to know what they are consuming. Therefore, lawmakers are currently working on a draft law on providing information to consumers about food. The new system to which Ukraine passes allows a clear distinction to be drawn between liabilities for causing harm due to the consumption of a dangerous product. According to the concept of the food chain «from the lawn to the table», the quality of the product must be baked at each stage of the commodity circulation, and each businessman is responsible for the safety of the food within its activities: the manufacturer − within the limits of production, the carrier − within the scope of transportation, the store − within storage and sale. Consequently, at each point of the food chain, the entrepreneur knows where the raw material or product came from and where it comes next. If the customer receives a health hazard product, this system helps to identify: who is responsible for causing harm. In this chain, there should be feed for productive animals. The draft law «On Safety and Hygiene of Forms» has already been developed and registered. If the feed contains harmful substances, they will continue to enter our body through products made from animal meat.
Geoinformation system for monitoring the state of river waters
Authors: Zamikhovska Olena , Zamikhovsky Leonid , Levitsky Ivan , Nikolaychuk Mykola
Published: November 2021

Insufficient and untimely forecasting of the level of floods, floods and mudslides, as well as the lack of a modern, full and integrated protection complex lead to annual losses in the agricultural, industrial and social sectors of the economy, as well as human casualties. (30 people in 2008 in Ukraine). The floods of 1969, 1974, 1980, 2000, 2008, 2019, and 2020 were the most negative. At the same time, the flooding of the territories that took place in the Ivano-Frankivsk region in 2000-2008 caused damage to the facilities and the population of the region in the total amount of more than 5.2 billion hryvnias. Despite a number of existing systems for monitoring and forecasting the level of flood waters, such as "TISA", "Prykarpattya", "AXON", etc., they have not found wide practical application due to low efficiency, high cost and disregard. -management of water-physical properties of soils. In this regard, the task of developing systems for monitoring and forecasting the level of flood waters in order to prevent or reduce possible losses in the agricultural, industrial and social sectors of the economy from their negative consequences remains relevant.
Knowledge-based construction technology development management
Authors: Bushuyev Sergey , Trach Roman
Published: November 2021

With the development of construction technologies, changing and modernizing customer requirements, projects become more time-consuming and, accordingly, all design documentation becomes more complicated, while its volume is steadily growing. Designers are forced to process more and more information that precedes and accompanies the process of working on the project. The flow of information 79 continues to come after the commissioning of the facility, as the erected building interacts closely with the environment and other facilities, and we should not forget about the life support of the building, management of internal processes. Accordingly, the probability of errors increases exponentially, and with the increase in the cost of the project increases the cost of errors. In response to the above problems was the concept of information modeling of buildings. Information modeling as an approach to building design involves, above all, the collection, storage and comprehensive processing in the process of designing all the architectural, technological, economic and other information about the building with all its interconnections. languages ​​and dependencies, when the building and everything related to it are considered as a single object.
Simulation of cyber threats for the Internet of Things
Authors: Belov Alexander , Delembovsky Maxim , Shklyar Vitaliy
Published: November 2021

The modern world is impossible to imagine without information technology. Such technologies are based on the use of computer equipment and means of communication. Both in the real world and in the virtual world, there are crimes called "cybercrimes". Thus, energy facilities, transport systems, financial and banking structures, military and law enforcement agencies, trade, medical and scientific institutions are potential victims of cybercrime, including cyberterrorism. Surveillance cameras, motion sensors, biochips, smart appliances - all these things simplify our daily lives and make our modern life more comfortable. As the number of devices connected to the network grows, so does the number of cyber threats. For example, the smart refrigerator became part of the botnet and began to spread spam, and the smart coffee machine was the cause of the attack on industrial networks with the subsequent infection of computers. The Internet of Things, which in turn is simple and difficult to implement, also has some problems with information security. Sometimes developers, intentionally or unintentionally, leave an undocumented channel, which not only collects information about the use of the device, but also allows you to penetrate into the personal space of the end user. In case of personal data leakage, the purpose of fraudsters is usually personal data: names, postal addresses, e-mail addresses, credit card details or account information. This allows you to order goods online under someone else's name and pay for them using someone else's debit card or debiting a certain account. For the same purpose, phishing can be used, which involves the use of fictitious websites, e-mails or text messages to access personal data.
Viral etiology of colorectal cancer
Authors:   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, Petukhova Yu.Yu. ,   Primorsky Regional Oncological Dispensary, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, Petukhova A.G. ,   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, Eliseeva E.V. ,   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, Apanasevich V.I. ,   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks 3rd in prevalence among men with oncological diseases and 2nd in women. Adding that, there is a tendency to increase the incidence of CRC among young patients. The most important factor in the CRC prevention is screening, the clinical value of which is reflected in the ability to prevent cancer morbidity and mortality, as well as in reducing treatment costs by detecting precancerous pathologies and early stages of cancer. The review aims at systematizing the study results devoted to the viral etiology of CRC. Up-to-date data on the association of CRC with human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus is presented. Research data on the role of viruses in the CRC pathogenesis are insufficient and contradictory. The structure of the analyzed studies, the sample size, as well as the methods used to detect viruses, differ markedly. Therefore, they do not allow obtaining reliable results, which dictates the need for further problem study. Understanding the mechanisms by which viruses maintain and stimulate virulence is an important step towards developing treatment tactics in cancer associated with oncoviruses. KEYWORDS: colorectal cancer, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, colon polyps, adenomatous polyps, adenocarcinoma, oncoviruses. FOR CITATION: Petukhova Yu.Yu., Petukhova A.G., Eliseeva E.V., Apanasevich V.I. Viral etiology of colorectal cancer. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(8):538–544 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-8-538-544.
The most significant achievements in the drug therapy of oncourology diseases in 2020–2021
Authors:   Russian Research Center of X-ray Radiology, Moscow, Russian Federati, Solodkiy V.A. , Pavlov R.A. ,   Russian Research Center of X-ray Radiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dzidzaria A.G. ,   Russian Research Center of X-ray Radiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Riger A.N. ,   Russian Research Center of X-ray Radiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gafanov R.A. ,   Russian Research Center of X-ray Radiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

Recent years have been marked by serious breakthroughs in the drug therapy of malignant neoplasms. The results of new successful studies are received almost constantly, which affect both clinical practice and the fate of patients. The studies in oncourology are also actively conducted: over the past 12 months, another batch of data from clinical studies has been obtained, in particular, comparing various combinations of chemotherapy drugs, the possibilities of combined targeted and immune therapy. The article deals with issues related to the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, urothelial cancer, the use of radiopharmaceuticals in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, as well as adjuvant therapy of urothelial cancer, which has not yet found an unambiguous solution. Phases II and III data of clinical trials in combination with the leading experts’ opinions should help to improve the approach to the treatment of oncourology diseases, especially in the late stages. KEYWORDS: renal cell carcinoma, urothelial cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, immunotargeting therapy, chemotherapy, adverse events. FOR CITATION: Solodkiy V.A., Pavlov R.A., Dzidzaria A.G. et al. The most significant achievements in the drug therapy of oncourology diseases in 2020–2021. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(8):545–547 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-8-545-547.
EFL Students’ Perceptions Toward Online English Learning during the Covid-19 Outbreak
Authors: Albiansyah Albiansyah , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , Aringga Rino Dedi
Published: November 2021

The present study aims at investigating English Foreign Language Students’ perceptions toward online English learning at a private vocational school, Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Bina Informatika Bintaro. In order to answer the research question, this study occupied descriptive qualitative research. The data were collected through questionnaires which were distributed to students. The participants of this study were 54 vocational high school students on 2020/2021 academic year who attended online English learning in the second semester. The samples were chosen by implementing purposive sampling technique. The results of the perception of most participants in the study expressed their support for the conduct of online English learning during the Covid-19 pandemic and agreed with the ease of accessibility. However, the study revealed some disagreement in terms of ease of use of the tools, English learning material understanding, and interaction. Further, the results of the research showed 60% of students stated that online English learning was unattractive compared to face-to-face learning, 27% said it was still interesting, and the rest were hesitant. Furthermore, it is hoped that English teachers use more suitable platforms when teaching English in online learning, so that students will be more interested in learning English online and will gain optimal learning outcomes.
The Dynamic of Move in Teacher-Students’ Interaction
Authors: Aswani Aprilza
Published: November 2021

The present study attempts to determine move dynamics types in teacher-student’s interaction. The research design employed in this study was qualitative content analysis. The data obtained were the form of utterances gained from teacher-student’s interaction in English classroom interaction from the second-year students of SMA Negeri 1 Tanjungbalai class XI IPA 1-3 totaling to 90 students and 3 teachers involved. The data were analyzed by following Martin’s framework of move in systemic functional linguistic theory. The findings of the study exhibit that there are three types of move dynamic found in teacher-student’s interaction namely clarification (cl)-response to clarification (rcl), confirmation (cf)-response to confirmation (rcf), and challenge (ch)-response to challenge (rch). The dynamic of move realized in the data happens due to some reasons such as the unclear information from the teacher, and the prior knowledge possessed by students. The findings imply that a teacher should consider having a dynamic interaction. This can help support the achievement of students’ success in the teaching-learning process. The dynamic of interactions in the form of clarification, confirmation, and challenge shows that students follow and comprehend the meaning uttered by student.
Laparoscopic Treatment of Hydatid Liver and Pancreas Disease: Some Technical Aspects and Importance
Authors: Zarbaliyev Elbrus , Sevmis Murat , Sarsenov Dauren , Hacisalihoglu Payam , Caglikulekci Mehmet
Published: November 2021

Objective: Hydatid cyst disease is a widespread zoonotic disease infecting humans as an intermediate host. Since the first description of this pathology, many modalities have been introduced into modern treatment protocols. Minimally invasive surgical treatment is well-described and widely used, but has many points where rationalization and modification can be applied. In this case series, we describe small differences in surgical technique and the corresponding treatment results.

Materials and Methods: Out of 44 patients, 16 were included in this study. Patients were retrospectively evaluated in two groups in accordance with the preferred cyst aspiration technique, i.e. via a standard laparoscopic aspirator or a large diameter venous catheter (the control and study groups, respectively). Demographic, clinical and surgical data like duration of surgery, hospital stay and complication rates were evaluated in both groups.

Results: Equal numbers of males and females participated, with a median age of 40 years. Most patients had a type III hydatid cyst (n=11, 68.75%). Surgery duration and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the study group, without a significant difference in terms of complication rates.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic procedures quickly became plausible for selected hydatid cysts located in liver. Success of such procedures shows to be depending on the success and duration of the laparoscopic intervention. The latter, according to our calculations, seems to be inversely proportional to the diameter of the aspirator tip and its piping.
Maya-americanos en casa: Los efectos de la migración de Guatemala a los EEUU en la región Kaqchikel
Authors:   Connecticut College, Bennett Joyce , Cuma Ambrocia ,   Tulane University
Published: November 2021

Este artículo se trata de que significa ser Maya durante y después de migración a los EEUU desde el área Kaqchikel de Guatemala. Utilizando entrevistas con emigrantes retornados, historias de vida, e otras evidencias etnográficas, señalamos como la vida americana se integra en comunidades Kaqchikeles mayas tras procesos transnacionales. Sugerimos que los resultados de una vida maya-américa se integran en las comunidades de origen en formas que no son tan obvias pero que sí tienen impacto en la vida maya en los pueblos de origen. Por ejemplo, consideramos las relaciones de género dentro de casas en cual alguien se ha ido a los EEUU. Consideramos también el consumo diario, la dieta, y la preparación de comida en familias con migrantes. El idioma y la integración de ciertos palabras de inglés al hablo de hablantes del Kaqchikel es tema importante. La ropa es otra forma en cual la vida americana afecta la vida maya. Se plantea que la ganga de remesas sociales y financiales es un resultado y característica de la migración bajo el régimen económico neoliberal, lo cual esfuerza la gente maya luchar por sus familias tras la migración.
Kojichk’ulal – Kojiq’b’ej – Kojinatil
Authors:   Neo-Q'anjob'al, Tomas Gaspar , Tomas Lorenza ,   Madrina de Consejo Ancestral
Published: November 2021

Brother and sister discuss Maya community organizations in South Carolina and describe how the Church and Maya heritage work together. Their own path to becoming aware of Maya heritage and their establishment of an active and productive Maya youth group give a powerful example of the possibilities for a better future. They hope to connect with and build relationships with other Maya youth groups in the United States.
Immigration Policy – Reporting from the Field
Authors:   Honorary Consul of Guatemala in Palm Beach County, Florida, Josephs Aileen
Published: November 2021

Migration is central to human history, yet how we deal with the sojourners among us says much about the soul of a nation. Freedom of movement is an inherent basic human right, yet the protection of a nation’s borders and the decision of who and when and in what conditions people are admitted is also a right that belongs to nation states. It is in this tension that good immigration policy should be found, yet our Congress and many administrations have failed to enact such a policy for over two decades. Aileen Joseph writes with authority and insight based on her 25 years of experience working as an immigration attorney in West Palm Beach, Florida. In her critical analysis of the current immigration policy in America, she shares the stories of those she has represented and suggests ways to revamp the immigration policies hindering our country from advancing and becoming united.
Substantiation of comparative standards for assessing the indicators of general and strength endurance among 5-6 year-old preschoolers
Authors:   Russian Academy of Education, Krivolapchuk Igor A. , Chernova Maria B. ,   Russian Academy of Education, Kesel Sergey A. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The research relevance is in the need to improve the process of physical education of 5-6 year-old children based on the development of sound quantitative criteria of pedagogical control over the level of motor abilities development. Research purpose is to identify the features of development of general and strength endurance in 5-6 year-old boys and girls and substantiate the standards for their assessment. Materials and methods. The study was carried out with the participation of healthy 5-6 year-old children who do not have medical contraindications for attending physical education classes. The sample size exceeded 1,600 preschoolers in the age group under study. The research methods included motor readiness testing and mathematical-statistical processing of the obtained data. The statistical significance of the differences was determined by Student’s t-test for independent samples and Fisher’s F-test. Research results. The study obtained extensive information about preschoolers’ motor fitness. It was found that 5-6 year-old children are statistically significantly inferior to 6-7 year-old preschoolers in terms of the level of development of general (t=9.57; p<0.001) and strength (t=27.11; p<0.001) endurance. The features of motor fitness among 5-6 year-old children, conditioned by their gender, were also revealed. The comparison of the average values of a general endurance indicator made it possible to establish that boys are statistically significantly (t=2.65; p<0.01) superior to girls. It was also revealed that the results of the sit-up test among the boys differ in more significant variability (F=1.36; p<0.01). Taking into account the results obtained, modern, relevant and representative comparative standards have been substantiated for the diagnostics of general and strength endurance. On the basis of a standard scale for the value of general and strength endurance indicators, five assessment scales characterizing low, below-average, average, above-average and high levels of development were revealed. Conclusion. The developed standards make it possible to objectively assess the dynamics of the development of general and strength endurance in 5-6 year-old boys and girls in physical education classes in preschool educational organizations. They can be used as a means of pedagogical control over the level of motor abilities development of preschoolers in the age group under study.
Determination of the quality of life of society by the ecological and economic orientation of the individual's personality
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Salamatov Artem A. , Gordeeva Daria S. ,   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University
Published: November 2021

Recently, the issues of balanced ecological and economic development of society, which consists in the co-evolution of natural and production systems in favorable, effective and safe directions, which will ensure economic well-being along with high-quality living conditions and human health, have become increasingly acute. The purpose of the presented study is to substantiate the model of the formation of the ecological and economic orientation of an individual's personality as a key determinant of improving the quality of life and a fundamental condition for a balanced ecological and economic development of society. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the dialectical approach, the transition from the initial theoretical abstractions of ecological and economic development options to a single co-evolving trajectory is being carried out; an acmeological approach that carries out comprehensive research, observation or restoration of the integrity of a person, thereby making it possible to comprehend the core basis of the formation of an ecological and economic orientation of a person; an axiological approach that reveals the specifics of the formation of ecological and economic value orientations that are capable of adequately reflecting the ongoing changes in society; the use of the modeling method made it possible to design a universal and stable model of the formation of an ecological and economic orientation of a person. The contradictions that arise in the process of co-evolution of the natural and industrial spheres require the development of a model for the formation of the ecological and economic orientation of the individual, universal and admissible for various types of social and professional activity. The introduction of the developed model into practice will expand the possibilities for the interiorization of new ecological and economic value orientations, taking into account the fluctuating nature of the ongoing changes, but at the same time, determine our own possibilities for regulating and stabilizing the state of the modern ecological and economic crisis. The ecological and economic orientation of the individual, due to environmental and economic values, is the fundamental basis for the coming positive changes in the development of society and the improvement of the quality and level of its life.
Teachers 'and students' ideas about the existing advantages and possible risks of using digital products in the educational environment
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Puchkova Elena B. , Sorokoumova Elena A. ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Chardymova Elena I. ,   Samara State University, Temnova Larisa V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: November 2021

An integral feature and an urgent task of the modern education system is the use of digital products in educational practice. The forced implementation of mass distance learning in the period 2020-21 showed both the advantages and disadvantages of digital learning and set new horizons for optimizing this process. In May-June 2021, a study consisting of two parts was conducted: 1) an online survey of teachers of the general education system in order to determine the ideas about the advantages and risks for students when using digital products in educational practice; 2) an online survey of adolescent students in order to determine their ideas and experience of using digital products in the learning process. The sample consisted of 482 adolescents aged 13-15 years; 147 teachers of basic education with work experience from 3 to 23 years. Online surveys were conducted anonymously in the form of questionnaires using Google Forms. It was found that 80% of teachers and 98% of students highly appreciate the need to use digital products in educational practice. The majority of teachers noted the predominance of advantages provided by digital products as opposed to risks, the same idea was revealed in the survey of students. Conclusions are drawn about the similarities and differences in the understanding of teachers and students of the goals, forms and advantages of using digital educational products. For example, teachers believe that digital products should be used to copy educational materials and perform independent work tasks; they do not welcome their use during the lesson, which, on the contrary, is the main goal for students. The revealed discrepancies in the views of teachers and students regarding the goals, advantages and risks of using digital products makes the question of finding ways to coordinate and optimize relevant.
Néoplasie testiculaire maligne: analyse épidémiologique des cas signalés au Brésil entre 2015 et 2019
Authors: Facco Lucas , Almendro Lucas Pablo , Marques Cristiane Peres , Ribeiro Edson Fábio Brito , Fecury Amanda Alves , Dendasck Carla Viana , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: November 2021

La néoplasie testiculaire est une pathologie maligne relativement rare, représentant 0,5% de tous les néoplasmes masculins, étant plus fréquente chez les personnes âgées de 15 à 34 ans. La présentation clinique la plus courante est la masse testiculaire ou l’enflure scrotale avec ou sans douleur ou traumatisme associé, et le diagnostic de confirmation standard est l’orchidectomie. Cette étude visait à analyser épidémiologiquement les cas signalés de néoplasie testiculaire maligne au Brésil entre 2015 et 2019. Les données pour la recherche épidémiologique ont été obtenues à partir de DATASUS et la recherche bibliographique a été réalisée à travers des articles scientifiques. D’après les informations révélées dans cette recherche, il est possible d’observer un diagnostic croissant de néoplasme malin des testicules au Brésil, avec près de deux fois le nombre de cas observés entre les années 2015 et 2019. Bien que relativement rare, le cancer des testicules est potentiellement mortel et sa gravité ne doit pas être sous-estimée et doit être diagnostiquée et traitée le plus tôt possible. Il a de fortes chances de guérison, avec un traitement chirurgical définitif, après un diagnostic de confirmation, dans la plupart des cas, permettant à la personne affectée d’avoir une vie normale. Ainsi, d’autres études sont nécessaires pour révéler les raisons de l’augmentation des cas de cancer du testicule au Brésil et dans le monde, pour comprendre si les différences régionales sont liées au nombre de cas ou s’il s’agit d’un échec dans le diagnostic et l’enregistrement, ainsi que pour servir de base aux actions du gouvernement, afin de planifier et d’exécuter des politiques visant à lutter contre les facteurs déclenchants de cette maladie.