bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O PRINCÍPIO DA LEGALIDADE E SUA RELEVÂNCIA NA ERA DO ATIVISMO JUDICIAL
Authors: Beckert Isfer Renata
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo busca resgatar a importância do princípio da legalidade, o qual nos últimos tempos tem sido preterido nos trabalhos acadêmicos e nas decisões judiciais, em nome da defesa dos direitos humanos e da luta contra a corrupção. Inicia-se com o seu histórico, conceito e contornos no sistema jurídico brasileiro, para então demonstrar como a sua observância é indispensável para a garantia de outros princípios constitucionais, os quais, em última análise, são os garantidores do respeito aos direitos humanos e de toda a Constituição. Nesse sentido, a legalidade é indispensável para a preservação do princípio democrático, eis que as leis são elaboradas por representantes do povo, com grandes debates de ideias e publicidade, ao contrário das decisões judiciais e da maioria das decisões administrativas. É também uma das ferramentas do sistema de pesos e contrapesos da tripartição de Poderes, tão necessária para evitar abusos e arbítrios pelo governo. Por fim, é garantidor do princípio da igualdade, pois se aplica a todos de forma geral e abstrata. Dessa forma, ao realizar o Controle de Constitucionalidade, o Poder Judiciário deve buscar respeitar, ao máximo, o princípio da legalidade, atuando apenas quando há violação inequívoca a preceitos e direitos constitucionais.
ADERÊNCIA À NORMA ISSAI 5300 DA INTOSAI: O CASO DO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DO ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Authors: Barbosa Reuben Bezerra , Marques Érico Veras , Correia Neto Jocildo Figueiredo
Published: November 2021

A norma ISSAI 5300, desenvolvida pela Organização Internacional de Entidades Fiscalizadoras Superiores (INTOSAI), possui o objetivo de ser uma referência global sobre os fundamentos da auditoria de tecnologia da informação (TI) para as entidades de fiscalização superiores. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar a aderência da fiscalização de TI do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Ceará à esta norma. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa na qual foram realizadas entrevistas desenvolvidas com base na norma ISSAI 5300. O universo da pesquisa foi composto por gestores e auditores do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Ceará. Para a análise dos resultados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que a boa prática mais relevante identificada foi utilizar matrizes pré-formatadas para as fases da auditoria, e o obstáculo mais relevante foi a pouca informação disponível previamente sobre a entidade ou objeto auditado. Conclui-se que é possível utilizar os resultados desta pesquisa como subsídio para a aderência à norma ISSAI 5300, por meio da execução de ações que alcancem a implementação de seus requisitos, mediante uso de boas práticas, assim como evitando possíveis obstáculos para o aprimoramento do controle externo de TI. Trabalhos futuros podem ampliar a abrangência desta pesquisa, replicando a metodologia para investigar os mesmos requisitos da norma ISSAI 5300 aprofundando a análise em outros Tribunais de Contas Estaduais do Brasil, nos Tribunais de Contas Municipais ou até mesmo no Tribunal de Contas da União.
O “NUDGE” DA LEI ANTICORRUPÇÃO (12.846/13) PARA A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PROGRAMAS DE COMPLIANCE
Authors: Bomfim Gilberto , Blanchet Luiz Alberto
Published: November 2021

RESUMO: A corrupção suas causas e efeitos são um dilema global, havendo relação direta entre o baixo desenvolvimento econômico aos elevados níveis de corrupção. No Brasil, tem-se a percepção, apoiada em pesquisas nacionais e internacionais, que sua difusão é muito alta. As estratégias de enfrentamento a corrupção baseadas em reformas legais e institucionais tem-se demonstrado de pouca efetividade. A adoção de políticas públicas baseadas numa análise econômica comportamental pode complementar a almejada mudança de patamar do Brasil no controle da corrupção. O problema que se pretende enfrentar é “se” e “como” a Lei Anticorrupção (Lei nº 12.846/13) estimulou a adoção de Programas de Integridade (Compliance) pelas empresas privadas. O objetivo do artigo é demonstrar, com base no modelo teórico da economia comportamental, como a alteração legislativa promovida pela Lei Anticorrupção deu um “empurrão” (Nudge) às empresas privadas para a adoção de programas de Compliance. No tocante a metodologia será utilizada o método hipotético-dedutivo, buscando-se fomentar o debate sobre os métodos econômicos aplicáveis à ciência jurídica. No capítulo 1 tratar-se-á do conceito de corrupção, sua relação com o desenvolvimento econômico e a necessidade de políticas públicas para seu combate. No capítulo 2 pretende-se abordar as bases teóricas da economia comportamental No capítulo 3 pretende-se demonstrar como a Lei Anticorrupção criou um “empurrão” para a adoção de medidas de combate à corrupção pelas empresas privadas, especialmente para a criação de programas de compliance.
ALTERAÇÕES QUANTITATIVAS NOS CONTRATOS ADMINISTRATIVOS: ANÁLISE CRÍTICA
Authors: Sarai Leandro
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar as normas relativas às alterações quantitativas nos contratos administrativos, buscando encontrar os limites legais para essas alterações. Para tanto, por meio do método dedutivo, apresenta o contexto normativo em que se enquadram os contratos administrativos e traz as normas pertinentes ao tema do artigo. Com tais normas apresentadas, realiza sua análise, recorrendo à doutrina e jurisprudência do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU). Aborda os requisitos necessários às alterações contratuais e a base de cálculo para tais alterações. Trata das alterações em contratos de prestação de serviços. Analisa os acréscimos em contratos com objetos compostos. Apresenta a controvérsia a respeito da possibilidade de compensação entre supressões e acréscimos quantitativos. Formula proposta para sanar o problema da segurança jurídica para o administrador público decorrente das divergências de interpretação das normas legais. O tema é atual e importante, pois a nova Lei de Licitações reproduz as mesmas regras e o TCU possui recente acórdão sobre ele
SUB-ROGAÇÃO UTERINA: ANÁLISE DA CONSTITUCIONALIDADE CONTRATUAL À LUZ DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO TRIBUNAL CONSTITUCIONAL DA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Zaganelli Margareth Vetis , Abreu Assef Lara
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo tem por cerne tecer uma análise acerca da constitucionalidade das normas que disciplinam a celebração de contrato de gestação de substituição (GS), à luz da recente decisão do Tribunal Constitucional da República Portuguesa, em seu Acórdão nº 225/2018. Com tal intento, o estudo doravante apresentado encarrega-se de expor falhas e contradições enredadas no negócio jurídico da GS, regulamentado anteriormente nas disposições legislativas nº 32/2006 (Lei de Procriação Medicamente Assistida – PMA) e nº 25/2016 do sistema jurídico português. Em um primeiro momento, colocam-se sob averiguação os aspectos gerais do procedimento e sua histórica incorporação ao ordenamento jurídico, elencando seus requisitos de validade. Em sequência, põe-se em xeque não apenas a nocividade das normas da Lei de PMA à autonomia das partes, mas também a necessidade assídua de adimplência contratual, em sua bilateralidade, no tangente à possibilidade de interrupção voluntária da gravidez ou revogação do acordo. Destarte, com vistas a realizar seus propósitos a contento, o trabalho faz uso de metodologia qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, para fundamentar a tese defendida, a saber, a lesão configurada pela indeterminabilidade normativa da contratualização da sub-rogação aos direitos personalíssimos das partes contratantes.
CONFEDERAÇÃO SUÍÇA: ASPECTOS ELEMENTARES DE UM FEDERALISMO AUTÊNTICO
Authors: Barbosa Ramos Paulo Roberto , Dall Agnol Pinto Tamara Luiza
Published: November 2021

Este artigo objetiva descrever com clareza as características elementares do federalismo suíço, tendo em vista o conhecimento prévio de aspectos básicos deste Estado, mormente seu alto índice de desenvolvimento humano e sua posição de sociedade industrial avançada. Destacam-se aspectos históricos imprescindíveis para a visualização do contexto atual, os porquês da descentralização adotada, assim como a reforma constitucional de 1999, responsável - juntamente à lealdade do povo suíço – pela configuração desta autêntica federação. Para isso, metodologicamente, utiliza-se da revisão de literatura consagrada pela comunidade científica no âmbito dos estudos sobre o federalismo no mundo, inclusive o comparado, e, oportunamente, dados e rankings para a compreensão do contexto atual e dos desafios do Estado Suíço.
REGIME JURÍDICO DA ARBITRAGEM NA ESFERA PÚBLICA
Authors: Tiroli Luiz Gustavo , Caxico Martins Miranda Lara , Kempfer Marlene
Published: November 2021

A administração pública gerencial, cujo marco legal no Estado brasileiro foi a Emenda Constitucional n. 19/98, abriu espaços para discutir a necessidade de implantar no âmbito público mecanismos privados de gestão. Nesta pesquisa o objetivo é avaliar, por meio método dedutivo-crítico, o regime jurídico da arbitragem para solução extrajudicial de conflitos nas demandas que possam ocorrer em negócio jurídicos públicos. Para tanto, foram considerados os pilares do gerencialismo público, nos termos da Emenda Constitucional referida e das Leis n. 9.307/96 (Lei Geral da Arbitragem) e n. 13.129/2015 (amplia arbitragem ao setor público). A pesquisa justifica-se por ser uma contribuição acadêmica para prosseguir na implantação do gerencialismo público e superar os desafios ainda existentes.
Some reflections on the past, present and future of space rock music
Authors: Synieokyi Oleg Vladimirovich
Published: November 2021

The topic of space music requires a new scientific perspective. The goal of this article lies in examination of the historical and social peculiarities of the origin and development of space rock. The article presents futuristic interpretation of musicality of the celestial Universe. The article provides information about selected performers of this direction. Contextually, the article encompasses the stories of JULIAN'S TREATMENT and HAWKWIND. In reconstruction of the chronology for new interpretation, the author avoids repetitions and long descriptions of commonly known facts; aligns the key episodes of narration with the communication lines through the prism of social history; as well as gives assessment to the current situation and forecasts for the future. The recordings of space rock music stored in the audio archives, private collections, museums of music, and other sound libraries comprise the empirical basis for this publication. This article is first to offer periodization of the development of space music. The author’s special contribution of consists in clarification of the chronology of a range of recordings, as well as in familiarization of the audience with other aspects that are combined into a single concept. The provided material is intended for scholars in culture studies, musicologists, historians, archivists, as well as everyone interested in rock music.
МІСЦЕ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ В СИСТЕМІ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЙНИХ ЗРУШЕНЬ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Derii Zhanna
Published: November 2021

Модернізація регіональної економіки як явище являє собою складний процес прогресивних економічних, екологічних, політичних, соціальних змін, які відбуваються в контексті четвертої промислової революції, та має за мету перехід до високорозвинутого сталого суспільства з високим рівнем якості життя населення. З процесами модернізації суспільства пов’язують людський капітал, його нарощування та кардинально нову роль. Доктрина, яку покладено в основу модернізації, свідчить, що цей процес безпосередньо відбувається завдяки накопиченому людському капіталу. Інтеграція та розвиток технологій, які є необхідною компонентою модернізаційних зрушень, вимагає трансформації знань, нових компетентностей працівника. Порядок денний майбутнього підкреслює важливість людської взаємодії в постмодерній економіці через функції у сфері маркетингу та продажів, створенні та наповненні інформаційного контенту, роботі з різними типами особистостей та з різним рівнем кваліфікації. Наслідком модернізаційних змін є формування людського капіталу нової якості. Нарощений людський капітал та його реалізація дають змогу людській особистості бути одночасно кінцевим результатом економічного розвитку, елементом цього процесу і засобом подальшого розвитку. Тобто людський капітал отримує риси, які характеризують його як нову соціальну категорію та одночасно виступає як вагомий чинник процесу і як об’єкт, на який направлено зміни.
When Treating Coexisting Low Back Pain and Hip Impairments, Focus on the Back: Adding Specific Hip Treatment Does Not Yield Additional Benefits—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Burns Scott A. , Cleland Joshua A. , Rivett Darren A. , O'Hara Michael C. , Egan William , Pandya Jeevan , Snodgrass Suzanne J.
Published: November 2021

Objective

To determine whether adding hip treatment to usual care for low back pain (LBP) improved disability and pain in individuals with LBP and a concurrent hip impairment.

Design

Randomized controlled trial.

Methods

Seventy-six participants (age, 18 years or older; Oswestry Disability Index, 20% or greater; numeric pain-rating scale, 2 or more points) with LBP and a concurrent hip impairment were randomly assigned to a group that received treatment to the lumbar spine only (LBO group) (n = 39) or to one that received both lumbar spine and hip treatments (LBH group) (n = 37). The individual treating clinicians decided which specific low back treatments to administer to the LBO group. Treatments aimed at the hip (LBH group) included manual therapy, exercise, and education, selected by the therapist from a predetermined set of treatments. Primary outcomes were disability and pain, measured by the Oswestry Disability Index and the numeric pain-rating scale, respectively, at baseline, 2 weeks, discharge, 6 months, and 12 months. The secondary outcomes were fear-avoidance beliefs (work and physical activity subscales of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire), global rating of change, the Patient Acceptable Symptom State, and physical activity level. We used mixed-model 2-by-3 analyses of variance to examine group-by-time interaction effects (intention-to-treat analysis).

Results

Data were available for 68 patients at discharge (LBH group, n = 33; LBO group, n = 35) and 48 at 12 months (n = 24 for both groups). There were no between-group differences in disability at discharge (−5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −10.9, 0.89; P = .09), 12 months (−1.0; 95% CI: −4.44, 2.35; P = .54), and all other time points. There were no between−group differences in pain at discharge (−0.2; 95% CI: −1.03, 0.53; P = .53), 12 months (0.1; 95% CI: −0.53, 0.72; P = .76), and all other time points. There were no between-group differences in secondary outcomes, except for higher Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (work subscale) scores in the LBH group at 2 weeks (−3.35; 95% CI: −6.58, −0.11; P = .04) and discharge (−3.45; 95% CI: − 6.30, −0.61; P = .02).

Conclusion

Adding treatments aimed at the hip to usual low back physical therapy did not provide additional short- or long-term benefits in reducing disability and pain in individuals with LBP and a concurrent hip impairment. Clinicians may not need to include hip treatments to achieve reductions in low back disability and pain in individuals with LBP and a concurrent hip impairment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(12):581–601. Epub 16 Nov 2021. 2021. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.10593
Unknown Siberian Poems by Vasily Yan
Authors:   AS RUS Media, Moscow, Prosvetov I. V.
Published: November 2021

The first publication of poems by the Soviet writer-historian, 1st degree Stalin Prize laureate Vasily Yan (Yanchevetsky), composed in 1920–1923, when he lived and worked in Siberia. Source – handwritten miscellany “Poems of Wanderings”, recently discovered in the Yanchevetskys’ family archive. The publication is accompanied by detailed biographical comments. In the civil war, V. Yanchevetsky took part on the side of the whites as one of the main propagandists of the Kolchak army – the head of the Informative Department of the Special Chancellery of the Supreme Commander’s Staff, editor of the front newspaper “Vperyod”. After the collapse of the white movement, V. Yanchevetsky had to hide his past, changing occupations and places of residence (Achinsk, Uyuk, Minusinsk). The Siberian po- etic cycle, created at this time, makes it possible to understand not only the mood of the author in the last years of the turning point in Russian history, but also literary searches, and the atmosphere of the time in general. The main themes are homeland, revolution, freedom, atheism, building a new life, preserving the personality in the face of political upheavals. Obviously, the influence on the poetic style of the author of such trends as symbolism and futurism, which he was interested in. In Omsk V. Yanchevetsky closely communicated with the writer, poet and avant-garde artist Anton Sorokin, attended his literary evenings at home. Probably, as a result, some of the Siberian poems were written in free verse, to which V. Yanchevetsky had never used before.
As tarefas da filosofia na contemporaneidade II
Authors: Filho Severino Dias da Costa
Published: November 2021

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Heidegger e a transformação da fenomenologia: a aproximação da hermenêutica e o afastamento de Husserl
Authors: Missaggia Juliana
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo analisamos a transformação da fenomenologia, realizada por Heidegger a partir da inserção de elementos próprios da hermenêutica. Para tanto, procuramos mostrar o modo como o filósofo relaciona a fenomenologia com noções como facticidade e ontologia, desse modo se afastando radicalmente da concepção pregada por Husserl – sobretudo quanto ao tipo de cientificidade que esse último defende ser possível para a filosofia.
Bioética e o Compromisso com o Ambiente Natural
Authors: Nascimento Aline Elesbão do , Leite Ady Luna , Carla Artemísia , José Felipe , Juliana Karoline , Sousa Thais Maiara , Costa Thiago Lindoso , Melo Renata , Melo Camila , Melo Pedro
Published: November 2021

Questões ecológicas e éticas são recorrentes nos debates dos últimos tempos. Ambas refletem a crise civilizacional que enfrentamos nos dias de hoje. O aumento da consciência e preocupação às questões ambientais resultou em discussões políticas internacionais e acordos globais. No atual modelo econômico a natureza recebe o “título” de recurso natural, servindo apenas para alimentar o sistema e satisfazer a demanda, desconsiderando a sua resiliência, sua habilidade de regeneração e sua capacidade produtora de substância de valor econômico. O capitalismo se faz predominante, e com o advento da globalização a moeda, o capital, foi imbuído de ainda mais força no controle sobre a ordem social, regendo a vida das pessoas, aumentando a desigualdade social, originando, posteriormente, as lutas de classes, que persistem nos dias atuais. Ele peca ao desconsiderar os processos ambientais dentro do processo econômico e a globalização atenua o pensamento capitalista da concentração das riquezas e o desconhecimento da outridade. Nossa espécie evoluiu e se libertou das amarras impostas pelas condições ambientais, e involuiu ao passo que desenvolveu um pensamento de posse sobre a natureza e se excluindo dos processos naturais. Torna-se de grande valia, portanto, uma reflexão quanto à bioética e o meio ambiente, a forma como “pensamos a natureza”, a consciência da outridade, e o resultado do pensamento contemporâneo sobre estes fatores.
Comitês De Ética: Desafios
Authors: Lima Walter Matias
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo aborda alguns aspectos da discussão sobre a bioética e a importância de um Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa.  A proposta básica é discutir alguns aspectos do funcionamento dos CEPs, tendo como fundo as Resoluções 196/96 e 466/2012, do Conselho Nacional de Saúde e, neste contexto, o lugar que os Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa. Pretendemos provocar o debate, muito mais que apontar para definições que, no fundo, impedem uma interlocução ampla, ou impedem a confluência de posições diferentes. Contudo, concluímos apontado para o caráter procedimentalista que a maioria dos Comitês vem tomando no Brasil, deixando de abordar as dimensões éticas da pesquisa científica e concentrando a avaliação dos protocolos de pesquisa, no âmbito da Plataforma Brasil, como uma análise de procedimentos que estão indicados no formulário online, o que torna a análise ética em uma análise formalista.
TOMÁS DE AQUINO E O SÉCULO XIII
Authors: Santos Ivanaldo Oliveira
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é relacionar Tomás de Aquino com a Idade Média e especificamente com o século XIII. Para alcançar o objetivo o estudo foi dividido em três partes, sendo elas: Idade Média, O século XIII; Tomás de Aquino e o século XIII. É apontado a existência de uma dialética entre Tomás de Aquino e a Idade Média, especialmente o século XIII. O século em que ele nasceu, viveu e produziu sua vasta obra. Ele é um produto da cultura medieval e do século XIII e, ao mesmo tempo, é o centro da efervescência cultural, intelectual e religiosa que este século experimentou.
CARL SCHMITT LECTEUR DE VITORIA
Authors: Jouin Céline
Published: November 2021

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Extradural malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the thoracic spine: A rare case report
Authors: Christi Ayu Yoniko , Baskoro Wisnu , Kameswari Bidari , Hakim Irfaanstio Akbar , Pangaribuan Vega Sola Gracia , Purnawan Andrianto
Published: November 2021

Background:

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) typically found in the trunk, limbs, head, and neck represent 3–10% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Although they typically originating from peripheral nerve Schwann cells, 2–3% arise from the spinal nerves and may be found within the spinal canal. Here, we present a 43-year-old male with an extradural thoracic MPNST contributing to marked cord compression and a progressive paraparesis.

Case Description:

A 43-year-old male presented with a progressive paraparesis of 16 months’ duration. The MRI showed a posterior T2-T4 extradural tumor in the thoracic spine resulting in significant cord compression. Following a T2-T4 laminectomy and gross total excision of the epidural mass, the patient regained modest neurological function. Immunohistochemistry staining supported the diagnosis of thoracic spinal MPNST.

Conclusion:

Rarely, spinal MPNST can be considered amongst the differential diagnoses of an extradural spinal tumor. In this case, gross total excision of a posterior T2-T4 epidural MPNST resulted in improvement in the patient’s original paraparesis. Notably, immunohistochemistry staining helped confirm the diagnosis of a MPNST.
Mechanically Triggered Carbon Monoxide Release with Turn-On Aggregation-Induced Emission
Authors: Sun Yunyan , Neary William , Burke Zach , Qian Hai , Zhu Lingyang , Moore Jeff
Published: November 2021

Polymers that release functional small molecules under mechanical stress potentially serve as next-generation materials for catalysis, sensing, and mechanochemical dynamic therapy. To further expand the function of mechanoresponsive materials, the discovery of chemistries capable of small molecule release are highly desirable. In this report, we detail a non-scissile bifunctional mechanophore (i.e., dual mechano-activated properties) based on a unique mechanochemical reaction involving norborn-2-en-7-one (NEO). One property is the release of carbon monoxide (CO) upon pulsed solution ultrasonication. A release efficiency of 58% is observed at high molecular weights (Mn = 158.8 kDa), equating to ~154 molecules of CO re-leased per chain. The second property is the bright cyan emission from the macromolecular product in its aggregated state, resulting in a turn-on fluorescence readout coincident with CO release. This report not only demonstrates a unique strategy for the release of small molecule in a non-scissile way, but also guides future design of force-responsive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens.
Pd(II)-catalyzed enantioselective C(sp3)–H arylation of cy-clopropanes and cyclobutanes guided by tertiary alkyla-mines.
Authors: Gaunt Matthew , Rodrigalvarez Jesus , Reeve Luke , Miro Javier
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT: Strained aminomethyl-cycloalkanes are a recurrent scaffold in medicinal chemistry due to their unique structural features that give rise to a range of biological properties. Here, we report a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective C(sp3)–H arylation of aminome-thyl-cyclopropanes and -cyclobutanes with aryl boronic acids. A range of native tertiary alkylamine groups are able to direct C–H cleavage and forge carbon-aryl bonds on the strained cycloalkanes framework as single diastereomers and with excellent enantiomeric ratios. Cen-tral to the success of this strategy is the use of a simple N-acetyl amino acid ligand, which not only controls the enantioselectivity but also promotes -C–H activation of over other pathways. Computational analysis of the cyclopalladation step provides an understanding of how enantioselective C–H cleavage occurs and revealed distinct transition structures to our previous work on enantioselective desymme-trization of N-iso-butyl tertiary alkylamines. This straightforward and operationally simple method simplifies the construction of func-tionalized aminomethyl-strained cycloalkanes, which we believe will find widespread use in academic and industrial settings relating to the synthesis of biologically active small molecules.
Unveiling the Degradation Nature of Pt/NbOx/C Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction via in situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Ershuai , Jia Qingying , Yang Jun , Sun Kai , Jiao Li , Stracensky Thomas , Mukerjee Sanjeev
Published: November 2021

Among various metal nanoparticles supported on metal oxide (MMO) catalysts, the Pt/NbOx/C system has promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity as cathode for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we study a series of Pt/NbOx/C catalysts with tunable structural and electronic properties via physical vapor deposition and unravel the nature of metal and metal oxide interaction (MMOI) by characterizing this system under reactive conditions. By conducting in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments, we demonstrate the Pt preferably interacts with O but not Nb in the Pt/NbOx/C system and such Pt-O interaction benefits the ORR activity via electronic effect rather than strain effect. We also provide clear evidence for the formation of metallic Nb phase at the early stage of PEMFC operation and identify severe particle growth of Pt after long-term PEMFC operation. These findings deepen our understanding of the degradation mechanism of MMO catalysts during long-term PEMFC operation.
Cationic DABCO-based Catalyst for Site-Selective C−H Alkylation via Photoinduced Hydrogen-Atom Transfer
Authors: Matsumoto Akira , Maruoka Keiji
Published: November 2021

A novel class of hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) catalysts based on the readily available and tunable 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) structure was designed, and their photoinduced HAT catalysis ability was demonstrated. The combination of the optimal HAT catalyst with an acridinium-based organophotoredox catalyst enables highly efficient and site-selective C−H alkylation of substrates ranging from unactivated hydrocarbons to complex molecules. Notably, a HAT catalyst with additional substituents adjacent to a nitrogen atom further improved the site-selectivity. Mechanistic studies suggested that the N-substituent of the catalyst plays a crucial role, assisting in the generation of a dicationic aminium radical as an active species for the HAT process.
Estrategias proyectuales en la enseñanza del proyecto arquitectónico en la Facultad de Arquitectura – UNCP 2018
Authors: Santa María Chimbor Carlos Alberto , Valverde Chávez Marcelino Anselmo
Published: November 2021

La investigación, tiene como propósito conocer las estrategias proyectuales que utilizan los docentes en sus procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje del proyecto arquitectónico en los talleres de diseño de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la UNCP 2018. Este estudio, permitirá a la FARQ/UNCP, contar con la información necesaria para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje del proyecto arquitectónico, retroalimentar el currículo, así como fortalecer la formación de profesionales capaces de asimilar las transformaciones del entorno y responder de manera propositiva e innovadora. El tipo de investigación es aplicada de nivel descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental, transversal y censal; es decir, se trabajó con 30 docentes coordinadores que enseñan los talleres de diseño arquitectónico. Se utilizó una encuesta para los docentes, validada por expertos. Estadísticamente se utilizaron las frecuencias, las mismas que fueron procesadas a través de tablas y gráficos con el SPSS versión 22. Los resultados demostraron que solo el 41,67 % de los docentes, mencionan que implementan estrategias proyectuales generales en la enseñanza del proyecto arquitectónico; en tanto que, una mayoría (58.33 %) deja que el alumno proponga su propia estrategia y, sobre ello, el docente le ayuda a implementarlo. En todo caso, ningún profesor se exime de la utilización de alguna estrategia, en su proceso. Finalmente, se recomienda que la Facultad de Arquitectura de la UNCP, implemente ciclos de capacitación docente, en cuanto a utilización de estrategias proyectuales, pues se tiene un déficit cuantitativo y cualitativo de ello.
Evaluación del uso de la plataforma Moodle en la gestión del aprendizaje universitario en la Facultad de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la UNCP
Authors: Huamán Samaniego Héctor , Vásquez Caicedo Moisés
Published: November 2021

El trabajo plantea el problema de la influencia del uso de la plataforma Moodle en la gestión del aprendizaje universitario en la Facultad de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la UNCP, con el objetivo de poder establecer la relación del uso con la enseñanza aprendizaje, de manera que se puedan identificar algunas estrategias para reforzar el trabajo virtual, como soporte en la formación profesional. La investigación es descriptiva, de diseño no experimental transaccional, asumiendo la aplicación de un instrumento que mide el uso de la plataforma en tres dimensiones en particular: lo general, la navegación y diseño y el uso de las herramientas multimedia. Se determinó que, el 58 % de los docentes registran uso de la plataforma virtual y a manera de repositorio, sin que sea importante para reforzar la formación estudiantil. El 23.3 % de los docentes, no hacen uso alguno de la plataforma virtual y, predominantemente, corresponden a los cursos cuánticos, como: matemática, estadística, física, entre otros. La dimensión de la calidad general y de la metodología, que es la que mejor apreciación tiene tanto docente como estudiantil, y la dimensión de la calidad técnica de los recursos multimedia, es la que menos preferencia representa por parte de los docentes, debido fundamente a la poca accesibilidad y adaptabilidad a dichos recursos.
Percepción sociocultural de los pobladores sobre el programa social Juntos en el valle del Mantaro
Authors: Chanca Flores Aparicio , Bernedo Huachos Ernesto Sandino
Published: November 2021

El artículo tiene por objetivo, conocer la percepción sociocultural de los pobladores no beneficiarios sobre el Programa Nacional de Apoyo Directo a los más Pobres - Juntos en el valle del Mantaro. Es de tipo aplicado y nivel descriptivo, las unidades de análisis consideradas fueron los pobladores no beneficiarios, tanto del género masculino y femenino de los dos distritos seleccionados de cada una de las cuatro provincias del valle del Mantaro. En Concepción: Orcotuna y Chambará; en Chupaca: Ahuac y Chongos Bajo; en Huancayo: Sicaya y Sapallanga; y, en Jauja: Acolla y Sincos. Lugares, donde se aplicó una encuesta de la escala de Likert, a un total de 382 personas mayores de 15 años. El muestreo fue probabilístico y de corte transversal. Para el procesamiento y análisis de datos, se utilizó la estadística descriptiva, obteniendo como resultado que las percepciones socioculturales de los pobladores no beneficiarios sobre el programa social Juntos son positivas, porque la mayoría de los encuestados perciben aspectos positivos en la ejecución del programa Juntos, el cual viene repercutiendo en el cambio de actitudes y costumbres de los beneficiarios, referidos a la nutrición, higiene, alimentación, educación, salud y organización.
The different activities of RNA G-quadruplex structures are controlled by flanking sequences
Authors: Zheng Alice J-L , Thermou Aikaterini , Guixens Gallardo Pedro , Malbert-Colas Laurence , Daskalogianni Chrysoula , Vaudiau Nathan , Brohagen Petter , Granzhan Anton , Blondel Marc , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , Martins Rodrigo Prado , Fahraeus Robin
Published: November 2021

The role of G-quadruplex (G4) RNA structures is multifaceted and controversial. Here, we have used as a model the EBV-encoded EBNA1 and the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded LANA1 mRNAs. We have compared the G4s in these two messages in terms of nucleolin binding, nuclear mRNA retention, and mRNA translation inhibition and their effects on immune evasion. The G4s in the EBNA1 message are clustered in one repeat sequence and the G4 ligand PhenDH2 prevents all G4-associated activities. The RNA G4s in the LANA1 message take part in similar multiple mRNA functions but are spread throughout the message. The different G4 activities depend on flanking coding and non-coding sequences and, interestingly, can be separated individually. Together, the results illustrate the multifunctional, dynamic and context-dependent nature of G4 RNAs and highlight the possibility to develop ligands targeting specific RNA G4 functions. The data also suggest a common multifunctional repertoire of viral G4 RNA activities for immune evasion.
Ultrasmooth thin film and nano-scale structure fabrication to extend the bounds of optical microscopy
Authors:   , Rafealov Eden
Published: November 2021

Plasmonic devices including superlenses, hyperlenses, and far-field superlenses are specially fabricated elements which can improve the resolution of optical microscopy past inherent theoretical limits. However, their fabrication is extremely difficult as they often require ultrasmooth thin films and finely structured silver (Ag). While Ag has an ideal response for these types of lenses, its fabrication in such devices is challenging. Hence, this thesis investigates viable methods of producing ultrasmooth Ag thin films and nano-scale Ag features in order to advance research in plasmonic devices.  Optimum plasmon response requires the fabrication of ultrasmooth thin silver films, which presents several challenges, such as high surface roughness and high optical loss. Thin 1 nm seed layers were fabricated in advance of Ag layers in order to improve the surface properties of Ag. We found that a 1 nm germanium (Ge) seed layer results in a 400% reduction in surface roughness down to 0.64 nm(RMS), but offers increased optical loss by about 3% over Ag alone. However, an inert atmosphere high temperature anneal of a Ge/Ag stack results in preferential grain growth, further reducing surface roughness to 0.61 nm(RMS), while also improving transmission by up to 14% over Ag alone. Similar procedures were conducted on copper (Cu) and silver oxide (AgOx) seed layers. While Cu results in very smooth Ag films of 0.61 nm(RMS) for films < 10 nm thick, performance deteriorates at Ag thicknesses above 10 nm, which are preferred for the plasmonic applications identified above. Furthermore, AgOx produces very rough surfaces on substrates which are amorphous–a property which is essential for our use. However, AgOx on crystalline substrates produced smooth surfaces of 0.3 nm(RMS) and may be useful for other plasmonic applications.  Interference lithography (IL) was selected as the method to create the periodic nano-scale structures. The IL equipment was modified with the addition of bandpass light filters, 5 μm pinhole Fourier filters, and air vortex shields. Also, elimination of both external vibration and time-dependant vacuum lines are included. With this IL environment, we were able to produce periodic gratings anywhere from 1 μm-300 nm pitch through rigorous optimisation of photoresist, exposure, and development processes. Ultimately, this lead to the fabrication of high contrast, 200 nm period gratings for use in a far-field superlens. The designs and procedures outline within will result in increased performance and production of far-field superlenses with limited equipment, therefore facilitating increased performance of optical microscopes.
Transition - An exploration of spatial flexibility for primary schools
Authors:   , Crooks Daniel
Published: November 2021

This research aims to develop a design model for a future primary school in New Zealand (NZ), which promotes flexibility and privileges the role of outdoor learning environments within a child centered approach to education. The NZ public primary school typology is undergoing a period of reform in response to current global pedagogical developments. This has lead the Ministry of Education (MOE), architects and designers to develop a ‘large open plan’ studio approach to current educational typology. Often creating expansive space in which educationalist must shape environments of learning through ‘flexible furniture’ layouts.  This thesis highlights the importance of architectural flexibility to the design of primary schools, as well as the importance of external environments for learning. It is proposed that there should be a more engaging solution between pedagogical development and future primary school contexts within NZ.  The design case study (DCS) proposes an active environment of interaction that is capable of transition to engage multiple axis of site and community connectivity. The nature of the design case study pushes away from current trends of the ‘large open plan’ studio, and activates façade enabling spatial and environmental engagement.  In plan, a flexible use of space is provided so that the school community can shape space to their needs and desires. Site and community can be viewed as a continuation of the classroom, as highlighted by principles of a Holistic approach to education. The chosen site for the DCS was selected due to its topological location and relationships with is neighbors as well as its involvement in the Christchurch School Rebuild Programme (CSRP). Overall, the research in response to current pedagogical ideals, proposes a flexible outdoor learning orientated school complex is a desirable alternative to the ‘large open plan’ studio.
Revisiting the Hillside: Organic, Aggregative Medium Density Housing in a Wellington Hillside Environment
Authors:   , Wenden Matthew
Published: November 2021

The ‘Conzen School’ of Urban Morphology identified by Kostof in his book The City Shaped, is a western way of looking at parcels of land, lots, and the street grid from above in a geometric manner imposed on the land, then analysing this in terms of land use pattern, town plan, and building form. This model of analysis and development lends itself to flat sites, and separated, isolated developments, and forms the basis for the existing model of development in western colonial nations. This thesis investigates whether an alternate development approach based on aggregative design can provide a viable alternative to the standard model of Medium Density Housing found in New Zealand. Investigation in the frame of Christopher Alexander’s New Theory of Urban Design, Lucien Kroll, and The New Urbanists addresses a new way of approaching these sites through the use of organic geometries and accumulative principals. Accompanying and informing this approach is a case study of vernacular Cycladic Architecture.  In balance with the Cycladic case study the thesis addresses the acceptance of this model of development in a New Zealand context. In particular, with reference to the physical aspects of privacy, view, shared space as well as perceptions of ownership, individuality and identity in a higher density environment. The aggregative approach is similar to that explored through Ian Athfield’s Home in Khandallah; Athfield House. This housing and office complex is an early experiment into the same principles that this thesis addresses. The thesis develops a methodological approach to testing the aggregative nature of development and simulates this through the use of in studio design exercises. These exercises will be a combination of external input from other designers and internal; single author input. The final design outcome will be addressing the results of this simulation, the design principals, guidelines and rules, rather than producing a stand-alone design artifact.
Designing a Game for Upper Limb Rehabilitation Following a Stroke
Authors:   , Fridman Dana
Published: November 2021

Background: Many stroke survivors suffer from motor impairments such as upper limb hemiparesis accompanied by cognitive and emotional impairments that can affect their ability to function. Rehabilitation interventions are effective in promoting the return of function. However, patients’ engagement is necessary in order to maintain the improvements, and research shows that stroke survivors need more opportunities to engage with rehabilitation outside of the clinic. Digital games can offer a solution by providing an engaging context for performing the exercises correctly and learning new skills.  Aims: This research aims to increase engagement with upper limb rehabilitation following a stroke through a custom digital game that facilitates effective rehabilitation methods, and is played with the Able-M, a game controller designed for upper limb rehabilitation by Im-Able.  Methods: The development process was based on a human-centred design approach that consisted of a literature review, personas generation, exploratory studies including field observations in a clinic and discussions with therapists, iterative design through qualitative studies including user observations, interviews with patients, and feedback from a neuro-physiotherapist.  Conclusions: Based on the design process, the game prototype includes the following elements: Adaptive gameplay for physical and cognitive challenge-skill balance, obstacles to increase challenge, feedback provision to enhance engagement and facilitate motor learning, rhythmic elements to facilitate rhythmic auditory stimulation, narrative based on user research to facilitate focus diversion, and different navigation mechanisms to promote neuroplasticity. High contrast, bird eye view, and third person perspective for ease of use. Limitations and directions for further research are discussed.
Assortative Mating, Income Inequality, and Place
Authors:   , Macfarlane Avril
Published: November 2021

There is a growing concern internationally about levels of income inequality, and the negative effect this has on the functioning of societies both in terms of productivity and social harmony. An unexpected contributor to inequality is assortative mating - the phenomenon of “like marrying like”. Educational attainment is highly correlated with income; when two highly educated people partner and form a household they are more likely to appear at the top of the household income distribution, while couples with only primary or incomplete secondary education appear at the bottom. Therefore the greater the propensity to mate assortatively the more unequal the distribution of household income becomes.   I ask two questions of the relationship between educational assortative mating and household income inequality. Firstly, how do countries (in Europe) differ in their degree of educational assortative mating? Secondly, what is the evidence that such differences are reflected in indicators of household income inequality?   My study differs from the prevailing approaches to this question by taking a geographical approach. Instead of comparing a single country over time and monitoring the correspondence between assortative mating and income inequality, I compare a wide range of countries, using a uniform instrument, at one point in time. In order to do so I draw on the unit records of 29 countries from the European Social Survey administered in 2012.   From these unit record data I have been able to identify two important patterns. Firstly, there is a clear presence of educational assortative mating in each country. However, the degree differs and it does so primarily as a reflection of the overall level of education in the country. Rising levels of education lower the returns for education, in turn making assortative mating comparatively less attractive. As a result, the level of assortative mating, compared to what would be expected under random conditions, is lower in highly educated nations. The lowered level of assortative mating in highly educated nations reduces the barriers to social mobility through marriage for those without university educations. Consequently, household income inequality is seen to be intrinsically related to assortative mating, although the outcomes can be mitigated by redistribution policies.
Making a House a Home: Motivations for Earthquake Strengthening Domestic Homes in Dunedin, an Argument Towards Domestic Heritage
Authors:   , Stockwell Imogen
Published: November 2021

Following the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes, earthquake strengthening is one of the biggest issues facing heritage buildings in New Zealand. This process is mainly affecting commercial and public buildings; residential buildings are generally exempt from earthquake-prone building policies. However, some homeowners are choosing to do what is often perceived to be an expensive and time-consuming process. This research explores whether there is a heritage relationship between the homeowner and their house that motivates conservation work, such as earthquake strengthening. The central question for this research is: “What makes a heritage house a home? Is “home” a motivation for owners to earthquake strengthen their building? a case study of Dunedin”.  The relationship between homeowners and the heritage of their homes and domestic conservations practices has been underexamined in heritage studies in New Zealand. The current dissertation addresses this problem and contributes to the literature of Museum and Heritage Studies. The theoretical framework employed in this research draws on the field of Critical Heritage Studies in order to explore the relationship between ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up heritage’, the notion of ‘peoples-based’ heritage, the value of intangible heritage and a cycle of care. This research utilised qualitative research methods, involving the interviewing three heritage homeowners and two heritage professionals. These provided detailed findings about homeowners’ perceptions of their houses and the interaction between heritage practitioners and homeowners. The southern city of Dunedin was the case study which framed this research, because it has a rich collection of heritage buildings and a council which has been proactive in encouraging earthquake strengthening.  It was found that the heritage homeowner’s relationship with their home played a role in conservation how decisions are undertaken and that there is a lack of outreach from heritage authorities to heritage homeowners. This research provides information about the nature of the interaction between top-down and bottom-up heritage, and how this relationship can lead to positive heritage outcomes. Recommendations include developing open channels of communication between officials and homeowners, increased acknowledgement of the homeowner’s role in the conservation practice, and the establishment of a concept of Domestic Heritage to assist within the development of a cycle of care by heritage homeowners.