bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Endophytic Fungi in Sugarcane as Antagonists of the Pathogen Fusarium sacchari
Authors: Asniah Asniah , Taufik Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Fusarium sacchari is a pathogenic fungus that causes the pokkah boeng disease in sugarcane plants. The symptoms of pokkah boeng disease are systemic, spreading throughout all parts of the plant. The control measures implemented so far still rely on synthetic pesticides but have not yielded optimal results and are not environmentally friendly. One of the environmentally friendly control methods is the use of endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi live within plant tissues without causing disease symptoms. This research aims to discover endophytic fungi derived from sugarcane and evaluate their ability to suppress the growth of the pathogen F. sacchari. The research began with the isolation of sugarcane tissue, followed by the morphological and molecular characterization of endophytic fungi and testing their inhibitory capacity against the pathogen F. sacchari. Morphological identification was based on colony and microscopic characteristics, while molecular identification was conducted using PCR and sequencing, with similarities based on GenBank. Inhibition tests were conducted through dual culture and volatile compound testing, as well as enzyme production. The research results obtained 38 endophytic fungal isolates from sugarcane plants that have the ability to inhibit the pathogen F. sacchari. Five of these isolates showed the highest inhibition against F. sacchari and produced cellulase, protease, and chitinase enzymes. Molecular identification results indicated that these five-sugarcane endophytic fungal isolates are Daldinia eschscholdzii, Hypoxylon pulicicidum, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum, and Diaporthe phaseolorum. The endophytic fungus T. harzianum provides the highest inhibition rate of 83.33% in dual culture and 55.5% inhibition through the production of volatile compounds.
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, inhibitory power, Fusarium sacchari, morphological characteristics, molecular characteristics, pokkah boeng disease, sugarcane plants.
Design and Development of Mini-Maize Cob Threshing Machine
Authors: Kinge A. R. , Bastewad T. B. , Bhangare S. C. , Sapkale P. R. , Rathod R. K. , Khurdal J. K. , Nalawade S. M.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Maize is one of the most important cereal crops in the world agricultural economy due to its significance in human
and animal diets. The area under maize cultivation and production continuously increases. Traditionally, maize was dehuskedshelled manually, which is very tedious, drudgery, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. The machines available in the market
for maize threshing are generally larger (in size) and more costly. But in India, over 75% of farmers belong to the small and
marginal category. We developed this compact, economical ‘Mini-Maize cob Threshing Machine’ for small and marginal
farmers to perform dehusking and shelling operations simultaneously. The average grain output obtained by the developed
machine was 271 kg per hour with a shelling efficiency of 98.9%, and a 2 HP power source operated the machine.
Introduction to this Special Issue: “Continuously exploring complexity aspects in all phases of Big History”
Authors:   Argonne National Laboratory, LePoire David
Published: January 2025

Although complexity plays a significant role in big history, substantial gaps persist in our comprehension. While the papers in this issue do not provide definitive answers to these gaps, they contribute to the ongoing discussion on how to address these issues and propose potential pathways for resolution. These gaps encompass measurement, focus, organization, relevance, consistency, and interpretation. While there may not be unanimous agreement on the specific direction to take, the academic discussions evident in these papers aim to elucidate the issues and foster understanding within the expansive and diverse scientific community.
A Pedagogical Proposal for Enhancing Undergraduate Biology Education through Complex Systems Thinking (CST)
Authors:   California State University, Los Angeles, Narguizian Paul J.
Published: January 2025

This article is centered around the key question: how do we address teaching about biology, based on complex systems? In the dynamic landscape of biological sciences, the exploration of life's intricacies demands a holistic and interconnected approach. Complexity science and systems thinking offer a transformative framework for understanding the dynamic and interconnected nature of biological systems. As educators in the field of biology, it is imperative to equip undergraduate students with the tools to navigate and comprehend the ever-growing complexity of living systems. Traditional reductionist views, while valuable in understanding specific components of biological phenomena, often fall short in capturing the intricate interconnections and emergent properties that characterize living systems. In the pursuit of understanding these complexities, undergraduate biology education must transcend traditional reductionistic silos and embrace holistic interdisciplinary approaches such as complexity science and systems thinking. This article delves into the integration of Complex Systems Thinking (CST) in undergraduate biology courses, highlighting its significance, pedagogical implication, and practical strategies for implementation. Furthermore, it describes the key characteristics, and proposes a few pedagogical concepts associated with complexity, emergence, and systems thinking. The primary goal is to provide biology educators with the tools and enough basic information about the ‘features of complexity’, utilized in Big History, so that they can consider why and how such an approach might be applied in the education of both biologists and a scientifically literate citizenry.
AI and Big History
Authors:   International University of Humanity and Nature, Dubna, Russia, Sazhienko Ekaterina
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming a part of our everyday lives. In this paper, we examine how AI understanding can help Big History in two ways: 1. by providing insight into the complexity of human evolution; 2. by enabling a better understanding of future scenarios as the complex relationship between humans and artificial intelligence evolves. In addition, it discusses how AI tools can be used to enhance scientific discovery and then provide access to information through search and communication. Our understanding of AI and brains is explored by reviewing the fascinating developments in AI, comparing them to brain evolution, and comparing them to the current components of brain architecture. The integration of artificial intelligence and humans is discussed in different future scenarios, including the development of an ongoing relationship between humans and AI similar to a parent-child relationship. The future development of this complex system of humans and AI will proceed along various pathways including placing humans in virtual and augmented realities of AI, placing AI systems in cooperation with humans and organizational processes, and embedding AI within human minds.
Development of Mass and Energy Rate (Density) of Dissipative Systems Over Their Lifetimes: A Comparison of a Low-Mass Star, Like Our Sun, a Human and the Roman Empire
Authors: Duin Martin van
Published: January 2025

Energy rate density (ERD) corresponds to the energy flow through a dissipative system to maintain its energy gradient and is defined as the energy rate (ER), normalised to mass. ERD has been proposed by Chaisson [2002] as a single, simple metric for complexity of a wide variety of systems over big time. The main objective of this study is to assess the usefulness of this metric over the lifetimes of dissipative systems. For this purpose, mass and ER(D) data have been collected over the lifetimes of a low-mass star, like our Sun, a human, and the Roman Empire, as representative examples of dissipative systems from the cosmological, biological, and cultural realms. Proxies are very useful for further interpretation of the ER(D) time profiles. ER(D) of a low-mass star as a contracting proto-star (< 0.05 Gyr) as well as during its red giant stage and helium flashes (11 to 12.5 Gyr) is much larger than during its stable appearance as a yellow dwarf star in its main sequence (0.05 to 11 Gyr). ERD of a human peaks at 1.5 yr, reflecting the large relative growth of a baby. ER of a human represents the biochemical activities of the human body, especially of physical activities, and reaches a maximum when a human is in the prime of its life between 20 and 30 yr. Cognitive and emotional performance do not impose any additional energy requirements. For the Roman Empire ERD decreased over time, because the growth rate of the total mass including that of man-made constructs (note that Chaisson only uses mass of humans) was larger than that of ER. ER per capita hardly varied, because human (slave) labour was the main energy source powering the empire. The Roman Empire was at the height of its power between 100 and 200 CE, which is best reflected by ER or simply population. Thus, it is concluded that ERD runs in to several issues, when it is applied as a metric of complexity of systems over their lifetimes. ERD does not capture information processing and, as a result, underestimates the complexity of biological and cultural systems. This hampers its application in a BH context, including the issues of the Big History periodization. Alternative complexity metrics related to information processing need to be developed.
Thermodynamic Approach to Modeling Complexity of Regional Hewett-Hubbert Resource Bubbles and Large Dynasties
Authors:   San Francisco State University, Ciotola Mark
Published: January 2025

This paper examines how the phenomena of emergence and complexity can be applied to the analysis of physical Hewett-Hubbert resource bubbles and historical dynasties. Concepts and definitions of energy, the laws of thermodynamics, efficiency, power and other useful terminology are introduced. Relevant proposed extensions of the Second Law of Thermodynamics are discussed. Several definitions of complexity are discussed and critiqued, including the energy rate density approach. Approaches between energy rate density and entropy approaches are compared. The divergence between energy rate density and complexity artifacts is explored. Principles of extended thermodynamics are then applied to the emergence of medium-term dissipative structures, such as the rise and fall of physical resource bubbles and historical dynasties. Changes in complexity are discussed when resource bubbles and historical dynasties progress through their processes of emergence. Patterns in complexity change are identified and a characteristic complexity profile for resource bubbles and historical dynasties is articulated.
KONSEP JIZYAH DALAM PANDANGAN IBN RUSYD AL-QURṬUBĪ (Analisis Perspektif Siyāsah Māliyah)
Authors: Juliani  , Safira Mustaqilla
Published: January 2025

Konsep jizyah dalam kajian hukum Islam termasuk dalam hukum pemerintahan, yaitu kewajiban kafir żimmi untuk mengeluarkan sebagian hartanya pada negara sebagai jaminan keamanan dan keselamatan. Para ulama masih belum padu dalam menetapkan hukum jizyah. Pada penelitian ini secara khusus membahas pendapatIbn Rusyd Al-Qurṭubī. Adapun permasalahan yang diajukan ialah bagaimanakah pandangan Ibn Rusyd Al-Qurṭubī tentang konsep jizyah, dan bagaimana tinjauan siyāsah māliyah terhadap pelaksanaan jizyah dilihat dari pandangan Ibn Rusyd Al-Qurṭubī? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan dan pendekatan normatif, data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa di dalam pandangan Ibn Rusyd Al-Qurṭubī, konsep jizyah termasuk perkara yang wajib dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah. Kewajiban jizyah diberlakukan pada orang kafir, baik ahl al-kitab (Yahudi dan Nasrani) dan musyrik (politeisme), termasuk kepada orang Majusi. Syarat-syaratnya adalah status mereka adalah kafir zimmi (ahlu żimmah), bukan kafir harbi, laki-laki yang merdeka dan baligh. Adapun jenis jizyah menurut Ibn Rusyd ada dua, yaitu jizyah ṣhulhiyyah dan jizyah ‘unwiyyah. Pelaksanaan  jizyah menurut pandangan Ibn Rusyd Al-Qurṭubī sesuai dengan tinjauan siyāsah al-māliyah. Kebijakan pemerintah yang mewajibkan kafir żimmi mengeluarkan jizyah adalah bagian dari jenis kebijakan yang sifatnya politis menyangkut harta (maliyah), harta jizyah menjadi khas negara untuk kepentingan kemaslahatan rakyat, baik muslim maupun non-Muslim (kafir).
KRITERIA CALON ANGGOTA LEGISLATIF (Studi Pemikiran Alī Muḥammad Al-Ṣallābī)
Authors: Fandi Purnama  , Muhammad Syuib
Published: January 2025

Klaim umum dalam konteks ketatanegaraaan bahwa hukum Islam tidak mengenal bentuk kekuasaan legislatif seperti berlaku di dunia Barat. Namun begitu pemikir-pemikir muslim kontemporer melihat prinsip dasar kekuasaan legislatif ini sudah ada semenjak Rasulullah Saw, bahkan berusaha merumuskan menyangkut syarat-syarat dan kriteria yang harus dimiliki oleh anggota legislatif. Alī Muḥammad Al-Ṣallābī mengajukan relatif banyak syarat yang harus ada dalam diri calon anggota legislatif yang dipilih, dan pandangannya tentang masalah ini belum dibahas atau tidak disinggung begitu detail oleh ulama terdahulu dan bahkan semasanya. Atas dasar itu, permasalahan yang diangkat adalah bagaimana pandangan hukum Alī Muḥammad Al-Ṣallābī menetapkan kriteria-kriteria calon anggota legislatif, dan bagaimana pendapat Alī Muḥammad Al-Ṣallābī tersebut dilihat di dalam konteks dari kekinian? Tulisan ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dengan jenis penelitian hukum normatif (doktrinal). Hasil temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Alī Muḥammad Al-Ṣallābī menetapkan ada 22 kriteria calon anggota legislatif yaitu Islam, baligh dan berakal, merdeka, kekuatan dan amanah, kekuasaan dan keinginan, adil, sosok terbaik dan kompeten, berilmu, pandangan dan bijaksana, berpengalaman, status warga negara, tidak fanatik dan tidak egois, membaur, dipatuhi, konsisten, kredibelitas, murah hati, setia, komit rasa tanggung jawab, punya visi-misi, seni berinteraksi, dan terakhir kemampuan mempengaruhi masyarakat. Pendapat Al-Ṣallābī tidak sepenuhnya relevan, karena pandangan Alī Muḥammad Al-Ṣallābī diarahkan hanya khusus untuk negara Islam modern (al-daulah al-haditsah al-muslimah).
KONSEP SYŪRĀ MENURUT YŪSUF AL-QARAḍĀWĪ DAN RELEVAN SINYA DENGAN SISTEM DEMOKRASI PANCASILA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Husni A. Jalil  , Hikmawati Meuraxa  , Hasanuddin Yusuf Adan
Published: January 2025

Syūrā merupakan bagian dari prinsip dalam sistem masyarakat dan pemerintahan Islam. Salah satu ulama yang concern membicarakan sistem syūrā adalah Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī. Pemikiran Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī menyangkut konsep syūrā tampak dekat dan relevan dengan konsep demokrasi pancasila di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, rumusan masalah yang diajukan adalah bagaimana pandangan Al-Qaraḍāwī tentang syūrā, dan bagaimana relevansinya dengan sistem demokrasi pancasila di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi pustaka. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan jenis deskriptif-analisis. Hasil penelitian bahwa syūrā dalam pandangan Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī merupakan sebuah sistem dan asas negara Islam (Dawlah al-Islamiyyah). Syūrā mempunyai batasan yang harus ditegakkan, baik di bidang akidah, akhlak termasuk juga syariah. Hukum melaksanakan syūrā wajib berdasarkan perintah QS. Ali Imran [3] ayat 159 dan QS. al-Syūrā [42] ayat 38. Pemikiran Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī tentang syūrā ada empat poin. Pertama, wajib menagakkan syūrā. Kedua, syūrā dalam Alquran hanya secara global, tidak secara parsial terperinci. Ketiga, pemerintah bebas membentuk sistem, atau pola syūrā sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Keempat, mekanisme memutuskan masalah melalui syūrā mengikuti keputusan mayoritas. Pendapat Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī terkait syūrā cukup relevan dengan sistem demokrasi pancasila di Indonesia. Relevansi dan kedekatan kedua sistem syūrā dan sistem demokrasi pancasila bisa dipahami dari lima poin. Pertama, demokrasi pancasila dan syūrā mengenal asas kebertuhanan dan kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab, persatuan dan keadilan. Kedua, adanya keharusan menjalankan musyawarah. Ketiga, pemilihan pemimpin dilaksanakan dengan tata cara pemilihan, keputusan paling banyak (suara mayoritas). Keempat, negara harus ada lembaga sebagai wakil rakyat. Dalam sistem syūrā dikemukakan Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī, lembaga tersebut berbentuk Majelis Syūrā yang di dalamnya ada ahl al-syūrā atau ahl ḥalli wa al-‘aqḍi. Dalam sistem demokrasi pancasila mengharuskan adanya lembaga DPR dan MPR. Kelima, adanya kewenangan dari lembaga wakil rakyat untuk memakzulkan pemimpin apabila terbukti melakukan kesalahan dan penyimpangan.
A ELETRICIDADE EM UMA UNIDADE DE ENSINO POTENCIALMENTE SIGNIFICATIVA
Authors: Solino Eugenio Gabriel Custodio , Valente Sabina , Carvalho Plauto Simão de , Miranda Sabrina do Couto de
Published: January 2025

Este estudo objetivou descrever as etapas de construção e validação de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS) para o ensino do tema Eletricidade com foco na aprendizagem significativa dos estudantes. Esta é uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e de natureza pura e aplicada. A UEPS foi elaborada para ser aplicada na 3ª Série do Ensino Médio. O estudo contou com a participação de 49 estudantes e foi conduzido ao longo de nove aulas em três turmas de uma escola pública parceira. Para descrição e análise dos dados utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Com base nos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que o processo de validação da proposta foi essencial para a reflexão pedagógica e inclusão de sugestões de alterações visando tornar a UEPS mais adequada ao contexto formativo dos estudantes. A UEPS proposta abarcou diferentes estratégias para promoção da participação ativa dos estudantes nas aulas. Assim, foi relevante o uso da música, do jogo e de outros elementos lúdicos na UEPS. Também se ressalta que a proposição de um trabalho final “aberto” possibilitou aos estudantes liberdade e autonomia com bons resultados em termos de aprendizagem. Conclui-se que o uso da UEPS no Ensino de Física, aplicada ao Ensino Médio, pode potencializar o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem significativa dos estudantes sobre o tema Eletricidade.
Impact of physical climate risks on agricultural firms’ bankruptcy: evidence from France, Italy, Portugal and Spain from 2016 to 2019
Authors: Pastor-Sanz Ivan , Tascón María T. , Castro Paula , Amor-Tapia Borja
Published: January 2025

Frequent and long-lasting extreme climate events can impact business-related natural capital, severely affecting production and resulting in losses for agricultural firms. Physical climate effects are material dependencies for agricultural businesses and may severely affect their performance and compromise their survival. This study’s aim is to analyze the comprehensive effect of climate change factors on agricultural firm bankruptcies in a European geographical area that is especially susceptible to climate change. Employing a panel of 15 036 agricultural firms, we analyze the effects of adverse climatic conditions in the firm’s headquarters area using logit regressions, an instrumental variable ordinary least squares model, and the gradient-boosting ensemble method. We find that bankruptcy is conditioned upon extreme weather events, indicating that climate change’s physical impacts on firm resources already materially affect the agricultural sector’s resilience and survival. Specifically, abnormally high temperatures, precipitation, and the incidence of fires are significant factors that contribute to bankruptcy or insolvency. Furthermore, a “fire weather” index comprising high temperatures, drought, and wind, combined with fire occurrence, intensifies the bankruptcy risk of agricultural businesses.
Alcances de la inteligencia artificial como expresión de la voluntad y/o mandato del que utiliza esta herramienta respecto a terceros y usuarios
Authors: Saravia Jorge Andrés
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo asociado al Derecho Digital pretende dar una aproximación al uso de la inteligencia artificial (en adelante IA) asociada a aquellos usuarios que se valen de esta tecnología (en adelante USUARIOS PRESTADORES – UP) respecto a TERCEROS USUARIOS (en adelante T.U) que acceden a bienes y servicios en un amplio espectro integrados mediante procedimientos automatizados por algoritmos I.A.Es de destacar que como cita normativa en la materia, la relación existente entre diferentes niveles de proveedores de herramientas de IA (proveedor, responsable del despliegue, representante autorizado, importador, distribuidor, operador entre otros) , nos ocuparemos específicamente en esta oportunidad por tener particular interés jurídico su abordaje, en aquella que vincula a un proveedor y/o usuario de herramientas de IA analizando si la ejecución de procesos algorítmicos bajo el formato de IA, por sus consecuencias jurídicas, son válidas como expresión de la voluntad del UP hacia el T.U. y si convalidan actos con efectos jurídicos susceptibles de generar responsabilidades y/o pueden representar un mandato según la complejidad o autonomía del algoritmo bajo la modalidad de IA.
Estabilidad transaccional electrónica
Authors: Hernández Carlos Arturo , Arango Nicholls Evelyn Johanna
Published: January 2025

En el texto haremos un análisis de lo que sucede en nuestro país Colombia, se le garantiza al consumidor sus Derechos, cuando este padece un fraude al momento de efectuar una Transferencia Electrónica, tal como se expone en los apartes de este trabajo, nuestro Ordenamiento Jurídico, no ha adoptado componentes Tecnológicos, los cual nos ha dejado grandes vacíos jurídicos que limitan a la comunidad al momento de confiar sus datos personales.
Effectiveness of Organic Fertilizer Enriched with Humic Acid on Soil Chemical Quality, Nutrient Uptake, and Shallot Yield in Calcareous Soils
Authors: Matheus Rupa , Kantur Donatus
Published: January 2025

Calcareous soils have great potential for the development of food crops and horticulture, but they are constrained by high pH, low organic matter content, and less than optimal cation exchange capacity, thus affecting the availability of nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of organic fertilizer enriched with humic acid on soil chemical quality, nutrient uptake, and yield of shallots on calcareous soils. The study was designed with two factors, namely type of organic fertilizer (manure and bokashi) and concentration of humic acid (0%, 10%, and 20%) added to the organic fertilizer. The results of the study showed that the application of organic fertilizers, both manure and bokasih, had a similar effect on soil quality and shallot yields. However, the addition of humic acid at a concentration of 20% significantly improved the chemical properties of the soil, nutrient uptake (especially nitrogen and potassium), as well as the yield component of shallots when compared to the concentration of 10% and control. The addition of humic acid has been proven to be effective in improving nutrient availability and supporting plant growth. This innovation can be an effective solution to improve the quality of calcareous soils and agricultural products, especially shallots, which supports sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. Keywords: Calcareous soil, Humic acid, Nutrient uptake, Organic fertilizer, Shallots.
Use of Structured Handoff Protocols for Intrahospital Within-Unit Transitions
Authors: Shekelle Paul G. , Motala Aneesa , Lawson Emily
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To review the evidence from the past 10 years on the effectiveness of structured protocols for the handoff between clinicians of responsibility for a patient’s care on clinical safety outcomes.
Methods. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PSNet, CINAHL, and a narrowly focused search for unpublished reports from January 2013 to June/July 2024 for systematic reviews and primary studies of structured protocols for handoffs within the same inpatient unit (i.e., not transferring to a different level of care or a different institution) that reported patient clinical outcomes, such as medical errors, adverse events, medication errors, mortality, length of stay. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool or a modification of the National Institutes of Health pre-post study tool, a narrative synthesis was performed, and certainty of evidence was assessed using criteria used by Making Healthcare Safer II and the National Academy of Medicine.
Findings. We retrieved 789 citations, of which 16 articles were eligible for review (2 systematic reviews and 14 articles of 13 primary studies). Four studies were randomized controlled trials and the remainder were pre-post studies. Two studies were performed in Argentina, one each was performed in Taiwan, Canada and Germany, and the rest were performed in the United States. Six studies were single site studies, and the remainder were multisite. Almost all studies were conducted in academic teaching hospitals and assessed physician-to-physician handoffs. Two systematic reviews and two new original research studies (one a randomized controlled trial) provided low-certainty evidence that use of the SBAR tool (situation, background, assessment, recommendation) can improve patient safety clinical outcomes. Ten studies (of 9 implementations; 2 studies were randomized controlled trials) provided moderate-certainty evidence that the I-PASS tool (illness severity, patient summary, action list, situation awareness and contingency plans, and synthesis to receiver) can improve patient safety clinical outcomes. Many co-interventions and implementation strategies are used in conjunction with the I-PASS mnemonic. No multisite evidence was found for any other structured handoff tool.
Conclusions. Use of the structured handoff tool I-PASS probably improves patient clinical outcomes and use of the SBAR tool may improve patient clinical outcomes, with I-PASS having a stronger certainty of evidence. Data come primarily from academic teaching hospitals, and the usefulness of any tool in nonacademic teaching settings is understudied.
Health Impact of Flooding in the Town of Aboisso in Southeastern Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Sekongo Kalitia Fatoumata , Tape Sophie Pulchérie
Published: January 2025

One of the most widespread climatic effects in Africa is flooding. Generally caused by high rainfall, overflowing rivers, relatively flat sites, and proximity to the water table, they are amplified by numerous anthropogenic factors. This is the case of the town of Aboisso, which has been experiencing flooding since 2018. However, the recurrence of this phenomenon of hydric origin, with its corollaries of availability and proliferation of pathogens, is a concern for the population. Indeed, wastewater overflows caused by flooding increase the risk of infectious diseases. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to analyze the health impact of flooding due to climatic and anthropogenic factors in Aboisso. The methodological approach consisted of documentary research, field surveys, and direct observation. Several software programs were used to process the data. The analysis method used is the deductive approach. The results showed that the determinants of flooding in Aboisso are hydro-climatic and anthropogenic. The most recurrent pathologies in Aboisso, especially during periods of heavy flooding, are malaria (59%), acute respiratory infections (21%), anemia, which was the main cause of death in 2020 and 2021 (15%), and diarrheal diseases (5%). Finally, a number of resilience strategies (or actions to be taken to strengthen resilience to flood-related health risks in Aboisso were proposed) to flood-related health risks in Aboisso were proposed.
Overview of the Digital Healthcare in Hungary
Authors: Almási Veronika
Published: January 2025

eHealthcare has become part of the healthcare system as a result of a long process and the development of communication of information. Hungary's eHealth system is the National eHealth Infrastructure (Elektronikus Egészségügyi Szolgáltatási Tér, EESzT), which greatly facilitates the work of health professionals and the daily lives of users. In this paper I would like to describe the structure and functioning of the Hungarian scheme. It is a nicely designed interface, with a careful technical and legal background, which is completely user-friendly, as its handling is very clear. It can be used online for writing prescriptions, booking appointments, writing referrals and many other useful tasks, which I will describe in detail in the paper. However, there is still room for improvement and progress. I believe that healthcare is a field that requires continuous development. It is necessary to keep pace with the development of technologies in order to provide high-quality services to patients.
Adoption of financial literacy: Systematic literature review and proposal of a theoretical model
Authors: Gallegos Ada , Valencia-Arias Alejandro , Rodríguez Zavala Luisa Adriana , Rodríguez-Correa Paula Andrea , Rojas Ezequiel Martínez , Rodríguez Lorena Del Rocío Castañeda
Published: January 2025

The term “financial literacy” is used to describe an individual’s capacity to comprehend and utilise financial concepts in their everyday lives. These include, but are not limited to, the management of personal finances, financial planning, saving, investing, and the analysis of financial products. Notwithstanding the considerable attention it has received in the academic literature, there remain significant research gaps. The objective is to examine the research trends in the adoption of financial literacy. The methodology employed was a systematic literature review, utilising Scopus and Web of Science as the data sources, in the 2018–2024-time window. The most frequently employed instruments were identified as surveys and questionnaires. The majority of studies are situated within the geographical contexts of Asia and Europe, with a particular focus on countries such as India, China, and Ukraine. Furthermore, the most pertinent target populations are adults who have undergone business training and cancer patients. The most frequently employed models were the self-model, the technology acceptance model (TAM), and the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The key variables identified were behavioral intention, perceived usefulness, and subjective norm. This study identified that the main research gap is the lack of geographic diversity in existing studies, which hinders a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the adoption of financial literacy globally. The practical and theoretical implications highlight the necessity for the development of educational policies and programmes that address cultural and socioeconomic differences. Furthermore, this study puts forth an integrative model that synthesizes these theoretical frameworks and variables to inform future research and practice in the domain of financial literacy.
#SPODF2024-CC1 Extração não convencional no tratamento com Alinhadores – Caso clínico
Authors:   Universidade Complutense de Madrid, Silva Joana , Azevedo Ariana ,   Universidade Complutense de Madrid, Martins Tomás ,   Universidade Complutense de Madrid, Costa Marta ,   Universidade Complutense de Madrid, Martins Eugénio ,   Universidade Complutense de Madrid
Published: January 2025

Introdução: Os alinhadores são uma alternativa ao tratamento ortodôntico convencional. O desenvolvimento contínuo deste sistema permitiu a sua utilização em casos mais complexos envolvendo extrações dentárias. O presente caso foi tratado com recurso à exodontia de um incisivo inferior, e resolvido com alinhadores. Descrição do caso clínico: Paciente do sexo feminino, de 19 anos, com apinhamento dentário inferior. Apresentava má oclusão de Classe I molar e canina direita e Classe III molar e canina esquerda inserida num padrão esquelético de Classe I, hipoplasia maxilar com assimetria mandibular e desvio do mento para a direita. Verificou-se ainda um encurtamento do lábio superior associado a hipermobilidade, resultando num sorriso gengival. Do ponto de vista periodontal, a paciente apresentava um biótipo gengival fino com perda óssea vestibular no dente 42. Discussão: No presente caso, a abordagem empregue consistiu na correção da desarmonia dentoalveolar mantendo-se o problema esquelético por decisão da paciente. Deste modo, o plano de tratamento incluiu a exodontia de um incisivo lateral inferior. Os cuidados a ter quando se procede à exodontia de um incisivo inferior são a proteção da função canina, evitando a mesialização dos caninos e a manutenção das sobremordidas vertical e horizontal. No presente caso foram utilizados 23 alinhadores no plano inicial, tendo sido pedido adicionalmente 1 refinamento de 15 alinhadores. Conclusões: Em suma, o tratamento ortodôntico com alinhadores é uma alternativa ao tratamento ortodôntico convencional em pacientes jovens com apinhamento dentário requerendo uma exodontia não convencional.
#SPODF2024-CC2 Tração ortodôntica de incisivo central superior incluso com dilaceração radicular – Caso clínico
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Joana , Venâncio Margarida ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Maura Carlota ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Godinho Joana ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Pereira Rui ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Jardim Luís ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A inclusão dos incisivos centrais superiores é a terceira forma mais comum de inclusão dentária. Devido à sua localização, a ausência destes dentes tem impacto na estética facial, função, fonética e fisiologia, sendo imperativa a sua resolução. O tratamento pode incluir ortodontia intercetiva para favorecer a erupção, a exposição, tração ortodôntica e alinhamento ou a exodontia do dente incluso. Entre as causas de impactação salientam-se a dilaceração radicular, traumatismos na dentição decídua, a presença de mesidens e o desenvolvimento ectópico do gérmen. O prognóstico depende de fatores como a anquilose, reabsorção radicular e exposição radicular do ápex, após a tração. Descrição do caso clínico: O paciente de 9 anos de idade, saudável, foi referenciado para a clínica pós-Graduada de Ortodontia da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, com a queixa de “ter um dente que não nasce”. Na anamnese não refere história de traumatismo. Na consulta foram efetuados registos fotográficos, impressões para modelos e exames radiográficos de diagnóstico. O perfil era convexo, com retrusão do mento, relação basal intermaxilar distal e padrão hiperdivergente. No exame intra-oral, o paciente encontrava-se em fase de dentição mista, com ausência do dente 21 e sobremordida vertical diminuída. As radiografias confirmaram a inclusão e dilaceração radicular severa deste dente. O plano de tratamento consistiu na tração ortodôntica com um aparelho fixo parcial, arco palatino modificado e tração extra-oral, seguido de aparelho fixo bimaxilar. Foi feita a exposição cirúrgica e tração, com retalho de reposicionamento apical, de forma a manter a arquitetura dos tecidos periodontais. Não foi possível corrigir totalmente a posição radicular devido a uma dilaceração severa da raiz, aceitando-se uma pequena discrepância no alinhamento dos incisivos centrais, salvaguardando assim a vitalidade pulpar. Discusão: A intervenção nos incisivos centrais superiores impactados deve ocorrer o mais cedo possível, uma vez que quanto mais jovem é o paciente, mais rápido e previsível é o tratamento. A dilaceração da raiz é um obstáculo ao sucesso do tratamento, podendo impossibilitar uma correta posição final na arcada dentária. No caso clínico apresentado foi possível efetuar com sucesso a tração ortodôntica precoce e obter estabilidade na posição final do incisivo. Conclusões: A intervenção precoce foi uma das razões para o sucesso. A camuflagem estética da angulação do dente 21 permitiu manter a vitalidade pulpar.
#SPODF2024-CC4 Tratamento ortodôntico com agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores – Caso clínico
Authors:   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Amorim Laura , Pereira Dinis ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Ramos Ana ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Fernandes Margarida ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Fernandes-Retto Paulo ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Delgado Ana ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A agenesia dentaria é definida como a ausência congénita de um ou mais dentes definitivos, com a exceção dos terceiros molares. A etiologia da agenesia dentária pode ser genética, mas também depende de fatores ambientais. O objetivo deste caso clínico é descrever um tratamento ortodôntico de agenesia dos dentes 12 e 22, com a mesialização dos dentes superiores para o encerramento dos espaços. Descrição do caso clínico: Paciente do sexo feminino com 16 anos de idade compareceu na Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz com queixas relativamente ao diastema interincisivo. Apresentava agenesia dos dentes 12 e 22, classe II molar e canina bilateral, classe II esquelética por retrusão mandibular com progenia mentoniana, padrão hipodivergente, incisivos superiores e inferiores retroinclinados e trespasse vertical aumentado, trespasse horizontal diminuído. A mãe da paciente recusou o plano de tratamento proposto, em que seria feita a abertura dos espaços para posterior reabilitação oral e propulsão mandibular. Foi acordado um tratamento de compromisso, com mecânica de encerramento de espaços com aparatologia fixa bimaxilar, sem ancoragem esquelética. Além disso, através da desoclusão posterior e anterior, o trespasse vertical foi corrigido. No final, a paciente terminou em classe II molar terapêutica e foram feitas coronoplastias no 13 e 23, foram colocadas uma contenção fixa inferior e uma contenção removível superior. A duração do tratamento foi de 28 meses. Discussão: De acordo com a literatura, a agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores é uma das anomalias dentárias mais prevalentes na dentição definitiva. A prevalência de agenesia de um incisivo lateral superior é de cerca de 1,3% na população portuguesa, sendo mais prevalente no sexo feminino do que no sexo masculino. O tratamento de reabilitação, necessário na correção interdisciplinar da agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores, é controverso. No entanto, o objetivo em qualquer das abordagens terapêuticas é alcançar um resultado funcional, estético e com estabilidade oclusal. Conclusões: Neste caso clínico, o tratamento ortodôntico da agenesia dos dentes 12 e 22 passou pelo encerramento de espaços, através da mesialização dos dentes superiores sem ancoragem esquelética, e desoclusão anterior e posterior. No final do tratamento ortodôntico conseguiu-se alcançar um resultado satisfatório a nível estético e funcional.
#SPODF2024-CC8 Dor referida como complicação de MARPE – Relato de um caso Clínico
Authors:   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Fernandes Margarida , Borga Joana ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Bugaighis Iman ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Pereira François ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Costa Hélder ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Pereira Pedro ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A Expansão Rápida Maxilar Ancorada em Micro-implantes (MARPE) é uma opção terapêutica para tratar o défice transversal maxilar em pacientes adolescentes e adultos. A utilização de micro-implantes ortodônticos (MI), para otimizar a aplicação de forças mecânicas à sutura média palatina e às suturas circumaxilares, permite evitar osteotomias de outra forma indispensáveis em pacientes que revelam um estado avançado de maturação das mesmas. Este sistema aplica forças nos MIs e não nos dentes, o que pode criar um ambiente suscetível a complicações. A literatura reporta várias complicações associadas à MARPE. No entanto, não temos conhecimento de estudos publicados que tenham reportado dor referida na mandíbula, sendo o local de origem o MARPE. Embora a dor odontogénica seja a dor orofacial mais frequentemente relatada, deve-se reconhecer que esta pode ter origem não odontogénica. A dor é definida como “heterotópica” quando o local onde é relatada pelo paciente não coincide com sua origem. A dor referida deve-se à sensibilização central (amplificação do sinal transmitido) e à convergência das fibras nervosas aferentes primárias nos mesmos neurônios de projeção. Pretende-se relatar um caso clínico que, durante a expansão com MARPE, apresentou dor referida intensa na mandíbula. Descrição do caso Clínico: Paciente de 25 anos com endognatia, iniciou tratamento ortodôntico integral com MARPE e aparelho fixo. Duas semanas após o início da disjunção, o paciente reportou dor aguda e constante no 4º quadrante, a distal dos pré- -molares, que não reduzia com fármacos. Após avaliação clínica e radiográfica dos dentes do 4º quadrante, foi realizado um bloqueio anestésico na região dos MI para diagnóstico diferencial. O alívio da dor foi imediato. Discussão: Embora a MARPE esteja associada a uma morbidade reduzida em comparação com a SARPE, a literatura descreve que mais de 88% dos pacientes reportam pelo menos uma complicação. A maioria das complicações são minor, resolvidas com abordagens simples. No caso clínico apresentado, o paciente apresentou inflamação e dor em redor dos MI de ancoragem do MARPE, mas também dor referida na mandíbula, cujo diagnóstico diferencial foi conseguido por bloqueio anestésico do palato. Conclusões: O clínico deve compreender o mecanismo da dor e a forma como outras estruturas orofaciais podem simular a dor dentária. O não estabelecimento da etiologia da dor resultará em diagnóstico incorreto e tratamento desadequado.
Chronic Disease Management in Emergency Medicine
Authors: Bahaidarah Fahad , Alshammari Meshal , Aldamadi Fahad , Assiri Abdulrahman , Alhamdi Ruba , Qallaf Zahra , Alowa Raneem , Abbas Sumayyah , Buradhah Fatemah , Ghamdi Mohammad , Alhudar Ali
Published: January 2025

Chronic diseases now account for 86% of health care spending, and more than half of Americans live with a chronic illness, creating an epidemic. The rising incidence of chronic illness was not recognized or sufficiently addressed by the medical community or its leaders. As a result, a health-care crisis took place, with poor access and quality of service, as well as exorbitant expenses. With over half of Americans living with a chronic illness, chronic diseases now account for 86% of health care spending, causing an epidemic. The medical community and its leaders failed to acknowledge or adequately address the growing prevalence of chronic illness. As a result, a health-care crisis took place, with poor access and quality of service, as well as exorbitant expenses. They found that as a result, patient satisfaction rose, healthcare costs decreased, and patients' health outcomes improved. There was a significant overlap between the health care crisis and the rise of an epidemic of chronic diseases. Although the epidemic was not the cause of the crisis, it did play a significant part. The present challenge for the medical community and its leaders is to create a medical practice and a health care system that better meet the needs of those with chronic illnesses while simultaneously lowering the health care crisis. The importance of emergency preparedness plans for chronic conditions has been brought to light by recent crises, especially those that have occurred in wealthy nations. Many of the patients who survived had chronic conditions like diabetes, cancer, hypertension, and chronic respiratory diseases, which deteriorated due to stress from the disaster, care withdrawal, or both. For some of these patients, the exacerbations were lethal. In this paper, we review experiences from earlier disasters in developed nations and give guidelines for chronically sick patients' disaster preparedness. Based on lessons learned from recent disasters, numerous recommendations have been made that provide essential and useful protocols for managing chronic illness in emergency care.
Creating An Ecopedagogical Teaching Framework
Authors: Hindhede Karen
Published: January 2025

This article demonstrates the author’s ecopedagogical teaching model through text and image. I explain how I created a teaching framework based on culturally relevant and sustaining pedagogy but felt that the framework fell short in not including an earth-inclusive focus and ecojustice ethic. Through revision and re-envisioning, I arrived at a place-based ecopedagogical model of a saguaro cactus where multiple arms and the base represent eco-inclusive facets of this framework. I encourage other educators to consider how they, too, might create ecopedagogical frameworks for their own teaching.
Dispatches from the Future
Authors: Gliddon Luke
Published: January 2025

Students in traditional education settings are rarely engaged in the vital act of imagining. Instead, they are bombarded with data about the climate crisis that project a degraded and diminished future as a foregone conclusion. Here, I reflect on my experiences using published media, highly accessible climate modeling, and a mental time travel project to help students practice inhabiting better futures in a science-backed way. These activities are sequenced over at least five days. Considerations for various educational settings are included.
Developing Climate Literacy through Artistic Practice
Authors: Maloney Leaf Betsy , Delisle Heather , Redmond Colleen
Published: January 2025

This article describes a 120-minute professional development workshop on climate literacy for a cohort of urban arts school teachers. Our goal included engaging teachers in reflective conversation and providing language to describe climate emotions—particularly those affecting today’s adolescents, such as climate grief and eco-optimism. We identified tangible ways to make climate literacy part of their classrooms, including connecting climate conversations to existing course content as well as framing learning experiences within climate discourses.
Gambling minds: what lies behind the BETS?
Authors: Weber César Augusto Trinta , Da Silva Antonio Geraldo
Published: January 2025

Online sports betting, known as bets, has gained exponential popularity, posing significant public health challenges. This article explores the neurobiological, psychological, and social factors underpinning gambling behavior, emphasizing the role of dopamine, intermittent reinforcement, and digital marketing. Gambling disorder, classified by the WHO as a mental health condition, is linked to rising cases of behavioral addiction. The discussion underscores the need for stricter regulation of betting platforms, protection of vulnerable populations, and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, highlighting the urgency of public policies to address the social and emotional consequences of this practice.