bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperspectral and multispectral imaging in digital and computational pathology: a systematic review [Invited]
Authors: Ortega Samuel , Halicek Martin , Fabelo Himar , Callico Gustavo M. , Fei Baowei
Published: May 2020

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and multispectral imaging (MSI) technologies have the potential to transform the fields of digital and computational pathology. Traditional digitized histopathological slides are imaged with RGB imaging. Utilizing HSI/MSI, spectral information across wavelengths within and beyond the visual range can complement spatial information for the creation of computer-aided diagnostic tools for both stained and unstained histological specimens. In this systematic review, we summarize the methods and uses of HSI/MSI for staining and color correction, immunohistochemistry, autofluorescence, and histopathological diagnostic research. Studies include hematology, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, skin cancer, and diseases of central nervous, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems. The use of HSI/MSI suggest an improvement in the detection of diseases and clinical practice compared with traditional RGB analysis, and brings new opportunities in histological analysis of samples, such as digital staining or alleviating the inter-laboratory variability of digitized samples. Nevertheless, the number of studies in this field is currently limited, and more research is needed to confirm the advantages of this technology compared to conventional imagery.
Single function crystalline lens capable of mimicking ciliary body accommodation
Authors: Jaimes-Nájera A. , Gómez-Correa J. E. , Coello V. , Pierscionek B. K. , Chávez-Cerda S.
Published: May 2020

The lens is a complex optical component of the human eye because of its physiological structure: the surface is aspherical and the structural entities create a gradient refractive index (GRIN). Most existent models of the lens deal with its external shape independently of the refractive index and, subsequently, through optimization processes, adjust the imaging properties. In this paper, we propose a physiologically realistic GRIN model of the lens based on a single function for the whole lens that accurately describes different accommodative states simultaneously providing the corresponding refractive index distribution and the external shape of the lens by changing a single parameter that we associate with the function of the ciliary body. This simple, but highly accurate model, is incorporated into a schematic eye constructed with reported experimental biometric data and accommodation is simulated over a range of 0 to 6 diopters to select the optimum levels of image quality. Changes with accommodation in equatorial and total axial lens thicknesses, as well as aberrations, are found to lie within reported biometric data ranges.
Adversarial convolutional network for esophageal tissue segmentation on OCT images
Authors: Wang Cong , Gan Meng , Zhang Miao , Li Deyin
Published: May 2020

Automatic segmentation is important for esophageal OCT image processing, which is able to provide tissue characteristics such as shape and thickness for disease diagnosis. Existing automatical segmentation methods based on deep convolutional networks may not generate accurate segmentation results due to limited training set and various layer shapes. This study proposed a novel adversarial convolutional network (ACN) to segment esophageal OCT images using a convolutional network trained by adversarial learning. The proposed framework includes a generator and a discriminator, both with U-Net alike fully convolutional architecture. The discriminator is a hybrid network that discriminates whether the generated results are real and implements pixel classification at the same time. Leveraging on the adversarial training, the discriminator becomes more powerful. In addition, the adversarial loss is able to encode high order relationships of pixels, thus eliminating the requirements of post-processing. Experiments on segmenting esophageal OCT images from guinea pigs confirmed that the ACN outperforms several deep learning frameworks in pixel classification accuracy and improves the segmentation result. The potential clinical application of ACN for detecting eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), an esophageal disease, is also presented in the experiment.
Slow-light application using dielectrics in a metallic terahertz plasmonic waveguide
Authors: Islam Maidul , Barbhuyan Mamoon Elahi
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a metallic terahertz (THz) plasmonic waveguide comprising subwavelength scale pillars is proposed. The pillars are periodically arranged in one dimension and are assumed to be metallic; on the top of the pillars, dielectric material is deposited. The fundamental guided resonant mode properties of the waveguide are comprehensively examined with and without dielectric material. Furthermore, guided modes are examined while varying the refractive index value (

n

) of the dielectric material, and it is observed that resonant modes supported by the waveguide strongly depend on

n

value of dielectrics. The dispersion relations of the guided modes are analyzed to ensure the plasmonic response. To support the numerical results, a Drude model is employed to fit the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric function for the proposed waveguide design. The group velocity of the fundamental guided terahertz mode is calculated in order to investigate slow-light properties of the terahertz wave. Additionally, the phase of transmission output and electric field profiles are studied in support of slow-light phenomena. The slow-light phenomenon using a dielectric–metal-based plasmonic waveguide could be very useful in construction of terahertz buffers, storage devices, terahertz sensors, detectors, etc.
Broadband high-efficiency multiple vortex beams generated by an
interleaved geometric-phase multifunctional metasurface
Authors: Zhang Dajun , Lin Zhansong , Liu Ji , Zhang Jiale , Zhang Zhengping , Hao Zhang-Cheng , Wang Xiong
Published: May 2020

Vortex beams have witnessed tremendous development in the past decade by exhibiting profound implications for both fundamental physics and a multitude of novel engineering applications. In this work, broadband high-efficiency multiple vortex beams with independent topological modes and inclination angles are generated leveraging an interleaved geometric-phase multifunctional metasurface operating in a very broadband frequency range. A set of meta-atoms are elaborately engineered to offer broadband high-efficiency complete phase control covering the entire 2π range. Multiple geometric-phase sub-arrays implemented by the designed meta-atoms are synthesized into one metasurface via a shared-aperture interleaved manner, in which each sub-array can be individually manipulated and serves as an independent channel for launching a vortex beam. According to the established design methodology, two vortex beams with topological modes of −1 and +2 and distinct inclination angles are generated by one metasurface. Experimental results are provided to corroborate the proposed mechanism for multiple vortex beams generation, which exhibit broadband and high-efficiency features. The presented multifunctional metasurface paves the way for the generation of broadband high-efficiency multiple vortex beams in the microwave, millimeter-wave and terahertz regions. This work is of significance for high-capacity wireless communication applications, high-efficiency manipulation of electromagnetic waves, and novel design of radar and imaging systems.
Ophthalmic findings in sheep treated with closantel in Curitiba, Brazil
Authors: Bacellar-Galdino Marianna , Montiani-Ferreira Fabiano , Somma Andre Tavares , Vilani Ricardo Guilherme D'Otaviano de Castro , Filho Ivan Roque de Barros
Published: May 2020

Background and Aim: Closantel is a widely used anti-parasitic drug that is known to cause ophthalmic problems that lead to blindness. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible electroretinographic changes in sheep that received closantel.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-four 30-day-old Suffolk sheep were split into control group (12 animals) and closantel group (12 animals). The latter group received 15 mg/kg of closantel subcutaneously immediately after the first electroretinography (ERG). The ISCEV protocol was used to perform the ERGs pre-dose (0), 7, and 30 days after treatment. Statistical analyses to compare ERG responses using t-test and analysis of variance were performed (p<0.05). Three months later, the animals were euthanized and the eyes and a part of optic nerve were collected for histopathology. Photography of the retina and optic nerve was taken, and measures of the retinal layers were made and analyzed by paired t-test.

Results: Closantel group showed a significant increase of the mean scotopic a-wave amplitude from 0 to 7 days after closantel administration, using a stimulus of 10,000 mcd.s/m2 and a decrease of the mean scotopic and photopic a-wave amplitude (from 7 to 30 days) using the same flash intensity, as well as a decrease in mean photopic b-wave amplitude (from 7 to 30 days) within the group. Control group showed a significant increase of the mean scotopic b-wave implicit time from pre to 30 days after treatment and an increase of the mean scotopic a-wave implicit time from pre to 7 days after treatment, with the stimulus of 10,000 mcd.s/m2. This group also showed a decrease in mean photopic b-wave implicit time (from pre to 30 days after treatment), using a stimulus of 10,000 mcd.s/m2 and a decrease in mean photopic a-wave implicit time from pre to 30 days after treatment, using a stimulus of 3000 mcd.s/m2. The no difference was found in images neither in the measurements of the retina layers.

Conclusion: As observed by ERG responses and the histopathology, a dose of 15 mg/kg of closantel does not significantly affect retinal and optic nerve structures in sheep but the electroretinographic results, however, showed alterations on the phototransduction.
Fortalecimento da Rede de Cooperativas de Recicladores no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba
Authors: Oliveira José Eustáquio , Cruz Roberto Vicente , Oliveira Marina Cardoso de , Betanho Cristiane
Published: May 2020

É possível aos trabalhadores coletores de materiais recicláveis superar o individualismo e trabalhar em rede? O objetivo deste texto é refletir sobre os limites, os desafios e as estratégias necessárias à construção de uma rede de colaboração solidária entre as organizações produtivas solidárias de catadores do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba. Além do fator econômico, a atuação em rede resultaria numa garantia dos aspectos ideológicos relacionados à proposta da economia popular solidária, auxiliando na manutenção e afirmação do seu caráter contra hegemônico.
Reflexões sobre o papel das mulheres na economia solidária
Authors: Cleps Geisa Daise Gumiero , Marques Lidiane Aparecida , Vasconcelos Andrea Costa van Herk
Published: May 2020

A economia solidária, como forma de resistência ao sistema capitalista, tem sido uma alternativa importante de valorização das mulheres em situação de exclusão, discriminação e desemprego, pois há reconhecimento das especificidades femininas e masculinas em um mesmo espaço sem fazer distinção, com decisão coletiva, além de integrar o acesso à formação, compartilhar informações, experiências e saberes. Neste relato de experiência, o objetivo é refletir sobre a participação democrática das mulheres e suas relações de gênero na economia solidária, compreendendo sua atuação como possível estratégia de emancipação, geração de trabalho e renda, bem como de inclusão social. Para tal, aportou-se em conhecimentos teóricos e práticos, por meio de pesquisas sobre a economia solidária, visitas com narrativas, entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais, realizadas em Empreendimentos de Economia Solidária (EES) em Uberlândia-MG, finalizando com uma Roda de Conversa, em maio/2019, na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), com participantes que integram os EES e outros que buscaram conhecimento compartilhado. Percebeu-se que, apesar dos avanços da atuação da mulher nesses empreendimentos, significativos limites são evidenciados para a integração de ações e a efetividade dos resultados.
Expanding the notion of global learning: Turkish-Dutch teens’ networked configurations for learning
Authors: Ünlüsoy Asli , De Haan Mariëtte
Published: May 2020

Digital technology facilitate interactions between learners and resources at a global level. New learner prototypes are therefore proposed, such as the notion of the global learner. In this paper, we argue that these prototypes of global learning often do not account for the variety of ways in which youth use technology and see themselves as learners. We take the example of Turkish-Dutch youth to show empirically how they represent an alternative for what is often seen as the prototype of what a global learner is. We combine ego-network methodology with in-depth interviews to provide a detailed account of how 25 Turkish-Dutch teens see themselves as learners, how they make use of technology to pursue their interests, how they reach out to others and media resources, and how they form selves in relation to the values and norms of their (transnational) community. Using the notion of ‘learner identity’, the study shows how these teens develop learner identities that are built on specific and culturally informed notions of ‘what a learning subject is’ that challenge the universality of the autonomous subjectivity implied in prototypical notions of the global learner. In addition, the study shows how through digital affordances, unique networked (trans)national connectivities are formed, which are informed by these teens’ specific socio-cultural position. We argue that by acknowledging these alternative ways of what a learning subject is, and how connections are formed, we can proactively incorporate them as useful models of global learning.
Effects of 8 Weeks of Isoinertial vs. Cable-Resistance Training on Motor Skills Performance and Interlimb Asymmetries
Authors: Madruga-Parera Marc , Bishop Chris , Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe Azahara , Beato Marco , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Romero-Rodríguez Daniel
Published: May 2020

Madruga-Parera, M, Bishop, C, Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A, Beato, M, Gonzalo-Skok, O, and Romero-Rodríguez, D. Effects of 8-weeks of Isoinertial vs. Cable-resistance Training on Motor Skills Performance and Interlimb Asymmetries. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1200–1208, 2022—The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 8 weeks of isoinertial vs. cable-resistance training on motor skills performance and interlimb asymmetries in handball players. Thirty-four young male handball players (mean ± SD: age: 15.96 ± 1.39 years; height: 1.74 ± 0.73 m; body mass: 70.5 ± 13.3 kg) participated in a randomized trial. The players performed an isoinertial program using a portable flywheel device or a cable-resistance device. Performance variations and interlimb asymmetries in dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) limb means of the unilateral countermovement jump (UCMJ), the unilateral lateral jump (ULJ), the unilateral broad jump (UBJ), handball throwing (HT), change of direction speed (COD180), the linear sprint (S20), the V-CUT test, and the repeated change of direction (RCOD) were recorded. Significant interactions were shown in RCODD (p = 0.003, η
p
= 0.25), HT (p = 0.015, η
p
= 0.17) and UCMJASY (p = 0.037, η
p
= 0.13). Post-hoc testing revealed higher effect sizes in the isoinertial group (p < 0.05) for the performance improvements in RCODD (−1.35 large vs. −0.22, small) and HT (0.88, moderate vs. 0.00, trivial), in addition to interlimb asymmetry reductions in UCMJASY (−0.70 moderate vs. −0.32, small). Significant main effects of time in COD180, RCOD, UCMJ, and UBJ for both limbs (p < 0.05, from moderate to large effect size), and in ULJND (p < 0.001, large), UCMJASY (p < 0.001, moderate), V-CUT (p = 0.014, small), and HT (p = 0.015, large) were found. The effect sizes revealed greater magnitudes in the isoinertial group. In conclusion, although both resistance training programs improve players' to physical performance and reduce interlimb asymmetries, greater improvements were recorded with the isoinertial resistance training than with the cable-resistance methodology.
Effects of Strength Training on Sleep Parameters of Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Santiago Ladyodeyse C.S. , Lyra Maria J. , Germano-Soares Antônio H. , Lins-Filho Ozeas L. , Queiroz Daniel R. , Prazeres Thaliane M.P. , Mello Marco T. , Pedrosa Rodrigo P. , Falcão Ana P.S.T. , Santos Marcos A.M.
Published: May 2020

Santiago, LCS, Lyra, MJ, Germano-Soares, AH, Lins-Filho, OL, Queiroz, DR, Prazeres, TMP, Mello, MT, Pedrosa, RP, Falcão, APST, and Santos, MAM. Effects of strength training on sleep parameters of adolescents: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1222–1227, 2022—This study aimed to examine the effects of 12 weeks of strength training (ST) on sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with sleep complaints. Thirty adolescents were randomly assigned to 2 groups: ST group (ST, n = 18) and control group (CG, n = 12). Anthropometric, body composition, one-repetition maximum test, and sleep parameters (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]) were evaluated. Training consisted of 55 min·d−1 (3 times a week, for 12 weeks), 3 sets of 10–12 repetitions with a 1-minute rest interval between sets and exercises. Baseline and postintervention differences were analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations and the effect size (ES) with Cohen's d coefficient. Significance was set at (p < 0.05). After 12 weeks of ST, a significant decrease in the PSQI score (7.3 ± 0.7 vs. 5.1 ± 0.6; ES = 4.10) was observed in the ST group, but not in the CG (6.3 ± 0.8 vs. 7.4 ± 0.7; ES = 1.53). A significant decrease in ESS score was found in the ST group (10.1 ± 0.7 vs. 8.2 ± 0.7; ES = 3.08), without differences in the CG (10.7 ± 0.8 vs. 11.0 ± 0.7; ES = 0.56). The ST group presented increased total sleep duration (h·min−1) (6.2 ± 0.2 vs. 6.9 ± 0.2; ES = 3.60), but not the CG (7.0 ± 0.2 vs. 6.8 ± 0.1; ES = 1.32). Individual analyses showed ≈67% of adolescents experienced a reduction in PSQI (8.3; confidence interval [CI] 95% 6.8–10.1) and ESS (8.3; CI 95% 6.7–9.9) scores after ST, whereas only ≈17% of control subjects presented reduced scores (PSQI [11.1; CI 95% 9.5–12.9] and ESS [11.0; CI 95% 9.4–12.6]). Strength training improved sleep quality and increased total sleep duration.
Increased Retinoic Acid Catabolism in Olfactory Sensory Neurons Activates Dormant Tissue-Specific Stem Cells and Accelerates Age-Related Metaplasia
Authors: Håglin Sofia , Berghard Anna , Bohm Staffan
Published: May 2020

The cellular and molecular basis of metaplasia and declining neurogenesis in the aging olfactory epithelium (OE) remains unknown. The horizontal basal cell (HBC) is a dormant tissue-specific stem cell presumed to only be forced into self-renewal and differentiation by injury. Here we analyze male and female mice and show that HBCs also are activated with increasing age as well as non-cell-autonomously by increased expression of the retinoic acid-degrading enzyme CYP26B1. Activating stimuli induce HBCs throughout OE to acquire a rounded morphology and express IP3R3, which is an inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor constitutively expressed in stem cells of the adjacent respiratory epithelium. Odor/air stimulates CYP26B1 expression in olfactory sensory neurons mainly located in the dorsomedial OE, which is spatially inverse to ventrolateral constitutive expression of the retinoic acid-synthesizing enzyme (RALDH1) in supporting cells. In ventrolateral OE, HBCs express low p63 levels and preferentially differentiate instead of self-renewing when activated. When activated by chronic CYP26B1 expression, repeated injury, or old age, ventrolateral HBCs diminish in number and generate a novel type of metaplastic respiratory cell that is RALDH−and secretes a mucin-like mucus barrier protein (FcγBP). Conversely, in the dorsomedial OE, CYP26B1 inhibits injury-induced and age-related replacement of RALDH−supporting cells with RALDH1+ciliated respiratory cells. Collectively, these results support the concept that inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate type 3 receptor signaling in HBCs, together with altered retinoic acid metabolism within the niche, promote HBC lineage commitment toward two types of respiratory cells that will maintain epithelial barrier function once the capacity to regenerate OE cells ceases.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLittle is known about signals that activate dormant stem cells to self-renew and regenerate odor-detecting neurons and other olfactory cell types after loss due to injury, infection, or toxin exposure in the nose. It is also unknown why the stem cells do not prevent age-dependent decline of odor-detecting neurons. We show that (1) stem cells are kept inactive by the vitamin A derivative retinoic acid, which is synthesized and degraded locally by olfactory cells; (2) old age as well as repeated injuries activate the stem cells and exhaust their potential to produce olfactory cells; and (3) exhausted stem cells alter the local retinoic acid metabolism and maintain the epithelial tissue barrier by generating airway cells instead of olfactory cells.
Air quality measurements in the western Eagle Ford Shale
Authors: Roest Geoffrey S. , Schade Gunnar W.
Published: May 2020

The Eagle Ford Shale in southern Texas remains one of the most productive oil and gas regions in the US. Like the Permian Basin and Bakken Shale, ubiquitous natural gas flaring serves as an uncertain source of trace gas emissions within the Eagle Ford. A lack of ambient air quality data, especially in the western shale, impedes a thorough understanding of trace gas emissions within the shale and the subsequent local/regional air quality impacts. Meteorological and trace gas instrumentation was deployed to Shape Ranch in southwestern Dimmit County, near the US/Mexico border, from April to November of 2015. Mixing ratios of CO, NOx, O3, and VOCs did not exceed ambient air quality standards and were generally lower than mixing ratios measured in US cities, with the exception of alkanes. A non-negative matrix factorization demonstrated the dominance of oil and gas-sector emission sources in local trace gas variability, with combustion processes and transport of continental air also present. An analysis of NOx/CO and NOx/CO2 ratios during periods of O3 titration, identified by the ambient NOx/O3 ratio, suggested that combustion and biospheric sources contributed to emissions of NOx, CO, and CO2. In-plume NOx/CO2 ratios indicated relatively low-temperature combustion sources, with median NOx/CO2 ratios close to that expected for natural gas flaring (0.54 ppb/ppm), and much lower than emission ratios for internal combustion engines (>10 ppb/ppm). However, the NOx/CO2 ratio within these plumes exhibited a large variability, spanning more than an order of magnitude. Future research should focus on improving flaring emission factors and flaring volume estimates such that their air quality impacts can be better understood.
Perfil emocional de docentes de matemáticas
Authors: García-González María S. , Ramos-Silverio Josué
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de esta indagación es estudiar el impacto de las emociones negativas de profesores en servicio, durante la enseñanza de las matemáticas, mediante el análisis de un perfil emocional. La metodología se ciñe al paradigma cualitativo y el diseño de investigación es el estudio de caso. Las participantes son Karla, una docente novel de bachillerato (con estudiantes de 15 a18 años), y Norma, una maestra experimentada de primaria (con estudiantes de 6 a 12 años). Los resultados muestran que Karla experimenta 5 emociones durante la enseñanza de las matemáticas, 2 positivas (júbilo y orgullo) y 3 negativas (autoreproche, reproche y congoja); Norma vivencia, también, 5 emociones, 2 positivas (júbilo y satisfacción) y 3 negativas (autoreproche, decepción y remordimiento). En el caso de Karla, sus emociones negativas la llevan a perder la motivación para impartir sus clases; por ello, tiende a evadir las situaciones del aula que desencadenan en ella esas emociones. En Norma, estas últimas se relacionan con su escaso conocimiento matemático, por lo que, cuando experimenta emociones negativas en clase, se siente “desarmada” para poder enfrentar las demandas de sus estudiantes. No obstante, a diferencia de Karla, Norma enfrenta las situaciones que desencadenan en ella las emociones negativas. Con base en lo analizado, se resalta la necesidad de desarrollar el conocimiento emocional del profesor de matemáticas, para regular, de manera óptima, las emociones negativas y desarrollar las clases en un ambiente emocionalmente estable.
Economic growth model with delay
Authors: Barzdžiukas Raimondas , Eitkevičiūtė Rasa , Švitra Osvaldas
Published: May 2020

In this article the authors analyzed nonlinear model with delay of production growth. In the nonlinear analysis were obtained the results are compared with real date.
Symmetry as tactics of solving mathematical problems
Authors: Elijio Aistė , Malijonytė Dovilė
Published: May 2020

The article explores symmetry as tactics in solving various mathematical problems. Although in Mathematics curriculum while learning about Geometry, symmetry is taught and simple straightforward exercises are solved, it is argued that the application of symmetry could be much wider. It is especially useful as a strategy in solving non-standard math problems. The article presents examples of the use of such tactics as well as results from the experiment on the use of symmetry at school.
Research on influence of ICT application for teaching and learning mathematics in 4th form on School learners’ achievements
Authors: Gesevičienė Vilma , Mazėtis Edmundas
Published: May 2020

Striving for identification of links between application of information communication technologies (ICT) in educational and learning environments and achievements in mathematics, a research on influence of application of these technologies for teaching and learning mathematics in 4th form on school students’ achievements was conducted. The article presents the main results of this research.
Dirichlet’s principle
Authors: Mačys Juozas Juvencijus
Published: May 2020

Formulations of Dirichlet’s principle are discussed. The questions of authority of the principle and its name are considered.
Activities of the Lithuanian Mathematical Society in 2010–2013
Authors: Manstavičius Eugenijus
Published: May 2020

Report of the board of the Lithuanian Mathematical Society for 2010–2013 period.
Computational study of a toxin neutralization by antibody in the well-mixed solution
Authors: Katauskis Pranas , Dzimidaitė Justina
Published: May 2020

A mathematical model decribing the interaction of toxin, antibody and cell receptors when cell is placed in the well-mixed solution of toxin, antibody and toxin–antibody complex is studied. The protective properties of an antibody against toxin are investigated numerically choosing the model parameters.
Asymptotical approximation of one dimensional gas dynamics problem
Authors: Krylovas Aleksandras , Lavcel-Budko Olga
Published: May 2020

We analyze nonlinear one dimensional gas dynamics system. The constructed asymptotic approximation which describes periodic acoustics waves resonant interaction is uniformly valid in the long time interval. The results allow to determine the resonance conditions for the emergence and summarizes the previous analyzed polytropic ideal-gas case.
Mathematical modeling of the influence of interfering species on the performance of an amperometric sensor
Authors: Stonkienė Liana , Ivanauskas Feliksas , Malinauskas Albertas
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a one-dimensional-in-space mathematical model of the amperometric sensors influenced by the presence of interfering species. The model is based on diffusion equations. Various effects regarding amperometric bias, caused by the presence of interfering species, have been analyzed.
The books of problems in arithmetic by Mikas Petrauskas
Authors: Ažubalis Algirdas
Published: May 2020

Teacher Mikas Petrauskas (1908?) was the last author having published his books of problems in arithmetic for I-III forms of primary school in Independent Lithuania before the World War Two. As books of problems by other authors of the said period, the books of problems by M. Petrauskas distinguished themselves for expressed integration of arithmetic teaching with the real life of the pupils. The books of problems were used in Lithuania during the World War Two and at schools for children of war refugees in the post-war period at West Germany. M. Petrauskas was the only author that dared to publish reviewed books of problems in post-war Soviet Lithuania. However, the said review was not natural and integration with the real life was engaged considerably in the political aspect. The attempts were ineffective: within 5 years, books of problems by M. Petrauskas were displaced from Lithuanian schools by the ones approved in Moscow and translated from Russian.
Reflections of small homeland in the literary adopted math problems
Authors: Burneikaitė Rima , Kašuba Romualdas
Published: May 2020

In the papers some aspects of possibly challenging and remarkably nice reflections of small homeland (or any other familiar environment corresponding "small fatherland" as the place where the given person feels itself home) via literary adopted math problems together with the possible advantages of the method are discussed.
Developmentof problem solving abilities of grades 5–8 at Kangaroo summer camp
Authors: Kašuba Romualdas , Rudalevičienė Regina
Published: May 2020

In the presented article some problems especially suitable for useful solution on Kangaroo summer camps are presented and discussed.
Writing a postgraduate literature review: challenges, concerns and some advanced approaches
Authors: Miliauskaitė Jolanta , Čaplinskas Albertas
Published: May 2020

The aim of the paper is twofold. On the one hand, it reflects the experience gained supervising master and doctoral theses/dissertations in various Lithuania universities and highlights some common challenges and concerns. On the other hand, it acknowledges with some advanced library research methods and that facilitate writing of postgraduate literature reviews.
The research of self preparation of mathematics teacher to apply information technology for the self study of students
Authors: Sičiūnienė Viktorija , Valatkevičienė Jūratė
Published: May 2020

How and how often do teachers with more or less experience in this field use Information and Computer Technology (ICT) in their lessons and what are their needs in professional development of this field? In order to answer these questions a research regarding Mathematics teachers’opinion at mainstream schools in April 2013 was carried out. Notices inviting teachers of 4–12th forms to answer on-line questionnaires were sent to schools. By analysing the data received the following conclusions were drawn: the obtained data allows to form a general view about the teachers of Mathematics at mainstream schools, peculiarities of their behaviour that are caused by their personal experience in ICT application for self study of students at various ages. The present article also reveals generalised results of the analysis that was carried out; it presents conclusions and recommendations for educational institutions that organise teacher training and their professional development.
A. Busilas education ideas in inter-war Lithuania periodicals and methodology of mathematics
Authors: Ragalytė Birutė , Paukštienė Alma
Published: May 2020

The article analyzed the educational ideas of the interwar Lithuania periodicals and methodology by A.Busilas. A.Busilas laboratory provides the basic principles of teaching mathematics.
Digital filters creation of seabed image processing
Authors: Ramašauskas Olegas , Rupšienė Ilona , Kazlauskas Mantas
Published: May 2020

Nowadays visual information is extracted using a variety of physical methods and cannot always be easily perceived by the human eye, properly recognized and classified. Such large amounts of information provided by the modern image-making equipment is difficult and sometimes impossible objectively evaluate. Research of digital images carried out at the Klaipėda University with a focus on marine research topic. The combination of new underwater technology as remotely operating vehicles, high-resolution video imagery, and seafloor mosaics creating provides new opportunities for marine geological or biological studies. While these underwater techniques are now well-engineered, there is still a lack of methods for the automatic analysis of the acquired image data. In this paper, the video mosaic quality and processing problems discussed. Believes that the versatility of abstract techniques to tailor the fields of biomedical sciences, applied robotics and elsewhere. This could be listed as a main purpose of presented work.
The mathematical model of inner migration
Authors: Kanišauskas Vaidotas
Published: May 2020

The model of inner migration is applied when considering the percentage of inhabitants residing in administrative units of a state in different time units. Such data allows applying the polynomic distribution and test the statistical hypothesis suggesting that, in the time running, the amounts of inhabitants have cardinally changed in territorial unites of the state; and it was possible only due to inner migration.
Application of multiple criteria decision methods to optimise learning scenarios
Authors: Kurilova Julija , Kurilovas Eugenijus
Published: May 2020

In the paper, learning scenarios (units) quality evaluation and optimisation problems are analysed. Learning scenarios optimisation is referred here as its personalisation according to learners needs. In the paper, comparative analysis of two popular optimisation methods based on Fuzzy numbers theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process is performed, aiming to measure what method is the most suitable to evaluate the quality of personalised learning scenarios. Learning scenarios quality is referred here as its suitability to learners needs. Research results show that Fuzzy numbers theorybased methods are more suitable to evaluate the quality of personalised learning scenarios.
The sensitivity of method TOPSIS with respect to the normalization rules
Authors: Simanavičienė Rūta
Published: May 2020

In the most multiple attribute decision making methods the attribute values are provided to transform into one dimension. The normalization of attribute values is not always needed, but it may be essential. This restructuring is carried out in accordance with appropriate normalization rules. It has been observed that some of multiple attribute methods are used for different normalization rules. In practical calculations it noted that using different normalization rules in the same multiple attribute method produces different alternatives priority line, with the same data. Due to the fact of this paper is to carry out normalization methods affect the ranking of alternatives, study. And find out under what conditions the normalization rules change the ranking of alternatives.
Comparative analysis of mathematics teaching in different studies
Authors: Danilenko Svetlana , Chadyšas Viktoras , Kasparavičiūtė Aurelija
Published: May 2020

The article elaborated the main differences between traditional studies and distance learning. An overview of teaching mathematics of each individual studies in VGTU and comparative analysis are performed.
On the insolubility of one drawing problem II
Authors: Kirjackis Jevgenijus , Mazėtis Edmundas , Melničenko Grigorijus
Published: May 2020

It is shown in the article that, in general, it is not possible to draw a triangle using a compass and a straightedge given an angle and a bisector and a median drawn from the vertices of another different angles. It is shown in which particular cases a triangle can be drawn.
Activities of the Lithuanian Mathematical Society in 2014–2017
Authors: Leipus Remigijus
Published: May 2020

The article gives a survey of mathematical life and activities of the Lithuanian Mathematical Society during the past three years.
Evaluation of suitability, acceptance and use of personalised learning scenarios
Authors: Kurilova Julija , Kurilovas Eugenijus , Minkevičius Saulius
Published: May 2020

The paper aims to present a methodology (i.e. model and method) to evaluate suitability, acceptance and use of personalised learning scenarios. High-quality learning scenarios should consist of the learning components (i.e. learning objects, learning activities, and learning environment) optimised to particular students according to their personal needs, e.g. learning styles. In the paper, optimised learning scenarios mean learning scenarios composed of the components having the highest probabilistic suitability indexes to particular students according to Felder–Silverman learning styles model. Personalised learning scenarios evaluation methodology presented in the paper is based on (1) probabilistic suitability indexes to identify learning components suitability to particular students needs according to their learning styles, and (2) Educational Technology Acceptance & Satisfaction Model (ETAS-M) based on well-known Unified Theory on Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model.
Application of Alkaline Solution by a Nebulizer, Rotahaler and Inhaler in Prevention of Spread of Covid-19
Authors: Chakraborty Indranil
Published: May 2020

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 is the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population after the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-COV). Even after taking thousands of human lives, there is no effective curative treatment till date. This virus infects human body by means of aerosol, droplets and contact. Mucous membrane mainly respiratory epithelium is the point of entry in case of SARS-COV2. Then it fuses with the pneumocytes and macrophages of respiratory epithelium by a complex protein-protein interaction. And this initial vital process of fusion needs acidic micro-environment. Here I propose a novel therapeutic approach that can prevent the entry of the virus into host cell and thus will curb down the infection rate and its severity significantly. Moderate alkaline solution of sodium bicarbonate will be used by a nebulizer, rotahaler or inhaler to the respiratory tract to make the airway surface fluid alkaline from acidic and this will hinder the entry of virus to host cells.
Practical experience with artificial insemination (AI) using fresh chilled and frozen semen in mares
Authors: Gáspárdy András , Renkó Eszter , Somoskői Bence , Bába András , Cseh Sándor
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of artificial insemination (AI) carried out with frozen and fresh, diluted and chilled semen under field conditions. One hundred and twenty-nine mares of different breeds were included in the study. Eighty-one out of the 107 mares inseminated with fresh, chilled semen got pregnant. Seven pregnant mares aborted and 74 foals were born. Out of the 22 mares inseminated with frozen semen, 17 mares got pregnant. Two mares out of the 17 pregnant mares aborted and finally 15 healthy foals were born. No difference was found between the two groups in the ratio of the foals born (P > 0.05). The comparison of medians for the number of insemination cycles did not show significant differences. However, a significant difference (Kruskal–Wallis test, P = 0.014) was found in the number of the inseminations per conception in favour of frozen semen (2.5 vs. 1.8 with fresh chilled and frozen semen, respectively). The Cox regression revealed that the type of semen has a significant impact (P < 0.001) on the service period (duration of the insemination period): the use of frozen semen prolonged the insemination period. This could be due to management issues, since re-insemination with frozen semen took place after only one/a few missed oestrous cycles not used for AI.
Common dace (Leuciscus leuciscus) – A new host of the myxozoan fish parasite, Myxobolus elegans (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) – Short communication
Authors: Morozova Daria A. , Voronin Vladimir N. , Katokhin Alexey V.
Published: May 2020

This paper reports the detection of the myxozoan species Myxobolus elegans Kashkovsky 1966 in common dace (Leuciscus leuciscus) that has not been previously listed as its host. The problem of differentiation of phenotypically similar Myxobolus species is addressed. During parasitological survey of common dace from the desalinated part of the Gulf of Finland at the city of Sestroretsk, Russia, numerous oval-shaped plasmodia, 0.2–0.4 mm in size, filled with Myxobolus spores were found on the gills. Pear-shaped myxospores were 15.4 (14.8–16.0) × 10.2 (9.6–10.9) µm in size with a rib on each valve. On the basis of spore morphology, the species appeared to be similar to M. elegans and Myxobolus hungaricus Jaczó, 1940. In order to identify the species, molecular genetic analysis was performed, and the species was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and 18S rDNA data. The results obtained indicate that the Myxobolus species observed on the gills of dace is M. elegans. Thus, common dace is another valid host of M. elegans besides the type host, ide (Leuciscus idus).
Influences of tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine on the disposition kinetics of levofloxacin in sheep
Authors: Durna Corum Duygu , Corum Orhan , Yildiz Ramazan , Eser Faki Hatice , Ider Merve , Cetin Gul , Uney Kamil
Published: May 2020

The pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin (4 mg/kg), administered both alone and in combination with tolfenamic acid (2 mg/kg) and flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg), was established after intravenous administration in sheep. Plasma levofloxacin concentrations were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography and analysed according to the two-compartment open model. Following the administration of levofloxacin alone, the mean distribution half-life, elimination half-life, total clearance, volume of distribution at steady state and area under the plasma concentration–time curve were 0.20 h, 1.82 h, 0.39 L/h/kg, 0.96 L/kg and 10.40 h × µg/mL, respectively. Tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine caused a slow elimination and increased plasma concentrations of levofloxacin in combination administration. Levofloxacin, with an alteration in the dosage regimen, can be used effectively with tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine for the therapy of infections and inflammatory conditions in sheep.
Contamination of the urban environment with excrements of companion animals as an underestimated source of Staphylococcus species posing a threat to public health
Authors: Trościańczyk Aleksandra , Nowakiewicz Aneta , Gnat Sebastian , Wójcik Magdalena , Wdowiak-Wróbel Sylwia , Kalita Michał
Published: May 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the incidence, resistance, virulence, and genotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus spp. residing in the gastrointestinal tract of dogs and cats, as a group of animals causing potential contamination of the urban space. A high percentage of strains resistant to penicillin (58%), oxacillin (9%) and tetracycline (60%) were found. All isolates resistant to penicillin, kanamycin, or chloramphenicol carried genes responsible for individual resistance (blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, and cat (pC194)/cat (pC223), respectively. The mecA gene was detected in 45% of the oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains. The amplification of DNA fragments surrounding rare restriction sites analysis demonstrated high heterogeneity of genotypic profiles correlating with phenotypic resistance profiles. Multilocus sequence typing analysis classified the methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius strains as ST71, ST890, and the totally new ST1047. The presence of a high level of resistance among Staphylococcus strains may suggest a potential risk of transfer of these bacteria between companion animals and humans.
The Devil in Latvian Charms and Related Genres
Authors: Lielbārdis Aigars
Published: May 2020

In Latvian folklore, the Devil is a relatively common image, represented in all the genres. This paper analyses the verbal charms that mention the Devil or Thunder together with the motif of pursuing the Devil. The corpus of charms consists of texts taken from the first systematic collection of Latvian charms, published in 1881. Examples of charms are accompanied by a comparative analysis of folk legends and beliefs. There are correspondences in charms, legends and beliefs regarding the appearance and traits of the Devil as well as his activities and dwelling places. These genres also share the motif of pursuing the Devil. Texts from different genres complement each other by providing missing narrative fragments and aspects of meaning. In the legends and charms, black and red dominate in the Devil’s appearance, and the Devil can also appear in the form of animals. The Devil’s activities and presence are linked with the origins of evil and associated with a variety of diseases which, like the Devil himself, are overcome by similar techniques. These legends and beliefs help us understand the similarities expressed in the charms, deepen and expand the semantics of the images, and explain the associative links and anchoring of specific actions in the broader folklore material. The plot and length of texts in charms are determined by the specific style, structure, and function of this genre. Therefore, content is not expanded in detail; instead, only key figures or images, the foundation of the plot, and its most important elements are mentioned. The comparative material found in legends and beliefs provides more in-depth explanation of the concise messages expressed in the charms.
Albasty: A Female Demon of Turkic Peoples
Authors: Dallos Edina
Published: May 2020

Albasty is one of the most commonly known malevolent beings among Turkic peoples from the Altay Mountains via the Caucasus and up as far as the Volga River. This article focuses on Turkic data from the Volga region (Chuvash, Tartar, Bashkir) and the Eurasian Steppe (Kazak, Kyrgyz, Nogay, Uzbek). Various areas can be ascertained on the basis of verbal charms and folk-belief narratives. On the Eurasian Steppe, for example, Albasty was first and foremost a puerperal demon. In this territory, specialists (kuuču) were called in to keep away or oust the demon at birth. Many recorded legends and memorates concern healing methods and the process of becoming a healer. In contrast, epic texts or narratives are rarer,in the Volga region, yet there are certain verbal incantations against the Albasty, which here is rather a push or disease demon.
Child-threatening Mythical Creatures in Traditional Lithuanian Culture: Between Real and Constructed Threats of the Mythical World
Authors: Džekčioriūtė-Medeišienė Vita
Published: May 2020

The article presents child-threatening mythical creatures, their expressions and functions in Lithuanian folklore. Threats of the mythical world can be divided into two groups: real and constructed threats. The ones of the first group, real threats, are perceived as threats to children by adults. Real threats arise from two types of representations of the mythical world: mythical creatures and mythologised persons. The second group, constructed threats, is the is the phenomenon in which adults use folklore narratives to evoke fear in children, but adults do not perceive those narratives as real threats. Three types of folklore genres were used to frighten children: fairy tales, folk legends, and short, frightening expressions. This article focuses on the latter. The research analyses Lithuanian customs, beliefs, and narratives from the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century.