bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacto das ondulações transversais na qualidade do transporte público coletivo na cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Elias Correa Priscila , Baltar Marina , Cavalcante Juliane , Teixeira Raoni Florentino da Silva
Published: July 2021

Entender quais fatores afetam a qualidade do transporte público aumenta a probabilidade de acertos no planejamento viário urbano, melhorando assim a experiência diária dos passageiros. O deslocamento é uma parte necessária para qualquer atividade a ser realizada fora da residência do indivíduo. Assim, a qualidade do serviço de transporte ofertado interfere no tempo gasto e na saúde física e psicológica de seus usuários. Atualmente, a cidade de Cuiabá, capital de Mato Grosso, enfrenta problemas com a construção irregular de ondulações transversais, também conhecidas como lombadas, principalmente em vias definidas como rota do transporte coletivo por ônibus, o que pode impactar diretamente na qualidade do serviço. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis implicações das lombadas na qualidade do serviço de transporte público coletivo oferecido na cidade de Cuiabá-MT. Elaborou-se para isso uma pesquisa de satisfação junto os usuários destes serviços. Complementarmente, mesurou-se o impacto operacional das lombadas no tempo de viagem dos ônibus através de um levantamento de campo, utilizando-se imagens captadas por meio de uma Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (RPA) conhecida por drone. De forma geral, pode- se afirmar que os usuários percebem uma piora em sua experiência no transporte público ao passarem por lombadas. A medição de campo indicou que elas reduzem a velocidade de serviço e aumentam o tempo viagem efetivo.
Gospodarjenje na travinju za ogljik in učinkovita raba dušika iz gnojevke
Authors: Branko Kramberger , Miran Podvršnik
Published: July 2021

Povečane koncentracije toplogrednih plinov v atmosferi vodijo v segrevanje planeta. Z gospodarjenjem na travinju lahko vplivamo na vezavo ogljika v organsko snov travniških tal in s tem zmanjšujemo koncentracije toplogrednega CO
2v ozračju. Po uvodnih poglavjih so v znanstveni monografiji analizirani vplivi gnojenja, kjer je poseben poudarek na učinkoviti rabi N iz gnojevke. Opisani so sodobni načini obnove travinja in za pridelovanje krme najpomembnejše rastline, ki tvorijo rušo. Delo zaključujejo načini rabe ruše, ki omogočajo ohranjanje ali povečevanje organskega ogljika v travniških tleh.
The 3/2 Country Market Evaluation Model: Inclusive Emerging Market Paradigm
Authors: Fulton Diane , Fulton Richard , Garsombke Thomas
Published: July 2021

The authors present a new country market selection model using a three filter/two phase approach to scanning: 1) a macro filter using mega aggregate country statistics (external environments) in the rough cut phase with “broad fit” company compatibilities (values, vision, goals, capabilities, management feel) and critical success factors (make or break issues); 2) anEM filter to consider and evaluate emerging country markets of potential, also in the rough cut phase, matching the EM factors “broad fit” with the critical success factors of the organization and 3) a micro filter using key success factors for the company and product, market structural factors, and industry/competition factors which produce a “narrow fit” in the diamond cut phase with the organization’s objectives, strategies and resources. The emerging markets will be given full consideration in this model and factors selected will be chosen with the “fit” of the specific company, product, strategies, internal and external environments pertinent to the unique blend of variables in the industry/organization.
Authenticity, Self-Invention and the Power of Storytelling: Sam Shepard’s Postmillennial Work
Authors: Mirowska Paulina
Published: July 2021

The article reflects upon Sam Shepard’s playwrighting in the opening decades of the twenty-first century, paying particular attention to his last play, A Particle of Dread (Oedipus Variations), written specifically for the Derry/Londonderry City of Culture celebrations in 2013, and originally produced by the renowned Field Day Theatre Company. The article seeks to offer an insight into Shepard’s mature multilayered text, which, in many respects, looks back upon almost fifty years of his artistic creativity and, at the same time, expands his vision. It also addresses the realisation of Shepard’s play in performance and the significance of his text in an interplay of multiple creative inputs involved in the production process.

While revisiting the familiar landscapes and themes, Shepard’s most recent work negotiates the boundaries between the actual and the fictitious, raising debates about the persistence of myths, mortality and the haunting legacies of the past. Richly intertextual and conspicuously metatheatrical, it grapples with questions of authenticity, performativity and storytelling – the narratives that are passed down, and how they form and inform our lives. It also engages with, and further problematises, issues of personal and cultural identity, which constitute Shepard’s most durable thematic threads, revealing both the dramatist’s acute concern with fateful determinism and commitment to self-invention. Significantly, while Shepard’s postmillennial output highlights the author’s ongoing preoccupation with instability and frontiers of various sorts (from those topographic, temporal and sociopolitical to those of language and art), it equally intimates his attentiveness to correspondences between times, lands and cultures.
​Okra Plant: A Multi-purpose Underutilized Vegetable Crop: A Review
Authors: Gupta Pavan , Patra Shamayita
Published: July 2021

The plant kingdom has various species that are underutilised. Proper scientific approached help them to utilised for multiple end applications. Okra is one of such underutilized multi-purpose vegetable crop. Green immature okra fruits are consumed as a vegetable worldwide. Okra seed is a good source of oil and protein. Okra seeds are also used as a substitute for coffee. Okra roots are used for clarification of sugarcane juice. It has medicinal value as well as useful in wastewater treatment. Okra is also a potential source of natural fibers suitable for textile, paper and other engineering applications. The present paper reviewed the okra plant, its cultivation and applications in various form such as food, medicine, textile fiber, paper pulp, biomass, etc. for its introduction as a multi-purpose vegetable crop.
​Selection of Breeding Rams in Breeding Programs
Authors: Rather Mubashir Ali , Hamadani Ambreen , Shanaz Syed , Malik Tariq Ahmad
Published: July 2021

A ram is considered half the flock due to its higher fitness (the proportionate contribution of off spring to the next generation) than ewe and selection of a breeding ram is one of the most important decision on any breeding farm. for a sound breeding program, a sound and quality breeding ram with excellent confirmation and above average performance in production and reproduction traits is a prerequisite. This article discusses the various aspects of selection of a breeding ram an understanding of which is absolutely important for any sheep breeder
​A Study on Fish Diversity, Marketing and Economics in Fish Markets at Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
Authors: Sit Godhuli , Jana Arun , Chanda Angsuman
Published: July 2021

Background: There is no previous published record regarding different fish species found in fish markets of Kharagpur town. The place is internationally renowned due to first Institute of Technology of India. Due to largest railway establishment in Kharagpur town, an influx of population is always here from different states. As such their food preference and cultural practice is different. Present survey is relevant to depicts fish preference of the town dwellers and socio-economic status of market associated people.
Methods: The study have been conducted from November 2018 to January 2020 thoroughly from 13 fish markets of Kharagpur town, West Bengal, India. Fish specimens collected, identified and preserved. Market related data have been collected from different agents, wholesaler etc. through questionnaire interviews.
Result: During the study period it has been observed that 28 freshwater inland fish species; 6 freshwater exotic fish species; 19 marine fish species and 4 crustacean species are available in the Kharagpur town. Some marine molluscs like Loligo sp and Sepia sp are also sold here. There are different peoples, those belong from different districts of West Bengal and involved in fish marketing activities. Therefore, a marketing chain is being established which is interdependent to each other with a socio-economic framework. Some measures have been highlighted towards improvement of infrastructure, hygienic conditions.
​Diversity of Non-heterocystous Cyanobacteria in Paddy Field Soil
Authors: Rajasekaran Anitha , Raja Usha
Published: July 2021

Paddy field soil is a natural habitat for many Cyanobacteria. Generally Heterocystous form dominate the nitrogen deficient soil. Non-heterocystous forms are also known to fix nitrogen. The diversity and the distribution of these forms vary. 20 Soil samples were serial diluted in BG-11 devoid of nitrogen supplement. Later the colonies were streaked to obtain axenic culture. The soil pH was also determined to study the effect on the diversity. The relative abundance of the BGA species was determined .Diversity of non-heterocystous form in the paddy field was found to be dominated by filamentous BGA, Lynbgya by 21%, Oscillatoria and Phormidium by 17% and colonial form Chrococcus sp by 12.5% Followed by Myxosarcina sp., 8%, while Aphanocapsa sp., Chlorogloea sp., Crinaluim sp., Gleocapsa sp, Plectonema sp. and Schizothrix sp., were 4%. A majority of the non-heterocystous BGA were found in the soil which had a pH ranging between 8.2-8.6. Diversity study of non-heterocystous BGA can help in understanding the distribution and further aid in the study of nitrogen fixation in these forms.
​Fuzzy Logic Expert System for Taxonomic Variation of Solonchaks
Authors: Hadj-Miloud Samir , Djili Kaddour
Published: July 2021

Background: The main objective of this research is to apply fuzzy logic to four Solonchaks, in order to determine their degree of remoteness or rapprochement with their central taxonomic concept. Therefore, we identify their possible seasonal taxonomic variation on the criteria established by World Reference Base (WRB). Methods: We have studied the seasonal evolution of salinity in a region of Algeria (Case of Rélizane), during two years 2012 and 2013 by applying fuzzy logic on the four soils. Result: The results reveal that the salinity increased during the dry period for all soils and it decreased during the wet period. On the taxonomic level, the application of fuzzy logic on the four soils revealed that the Solonchaks indices (Is) are always significantly higher than those of Calcisols indices (Ic). The four profiles have a similar behavior regarding the variation of Is. Indeed, when the salinity increases the soils come closer to the central taxonomic concept of the Solonchaks. Likewise, when the salinity decreases the soils move away from their central taxonomic concept. Consequently, they approach the central taxonomic concept of Calcisols. Thus, the variation of Isis closely related to the seasonal variation of salinity. Fuzzy logic, exhibited high precision concerning the membership value between soils over time. The application of fuzzy logic for other soil classifications in the world is possible.
Donor Support for the Human Rights of LGBT+
Authors: Bolton Laura
Published: July 2021

This rapid review synthesises evidence on the bilateral and multilateral donors promoting and protecting the human rights of LGBT+ people on a global scale. It focusses on those donors that have policies, implementation plans and programmes on LGBT+ rights. This review also examines the evidence on the impact of their work. The bilateral donors providing the most support for LGBT+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, +) communities in 2017-18 are the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), UK Department for International Development (DFID), The Netherlands Development Cooperation, Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad), and the European Commission (EC). Whilst the multilateral donors providing the most support for LGBT+ are the UN and World Bank. The United Nations (UN) is doing a huge amount of work on LGBT+ rights across the organisation which there was not scope to fully explore in this report. The UN Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (UNOCHR) in particular is doing a lot on this theme. They publish legal obligation information, call attention to rights abuses through general assembly resolutions. The dialogue with governments, monitor violations and support human rights treaties bodies. The work of the World Bank in this area focuses on inclusion rather than rights. A small number of projects were identified which receive funding from bilateral and multilateral donors. These were AMSHeR, International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA), and Stonewall. This rapid review focused on identifying donor support for LGBT+ rights, therefore, searches were limited to general databases and donor websites, utilising non-academic and donor literature. Much of the information comes directly from websites and these are footnoted throughout the report. Little was identified in the way of impact evaluation within the scope of this report. The majority of projects found through searches were non-governmental and so not the focus of this report.
Mainstreaming Institutional Resilience and Systems Strengthening in Donor Policies and Programming
Authors: Haider Huma
Published: July 2021

This rapid review synthesises evidence on key aspects of mainstreaming institutional resilience and systems strengthening in donor policies and programming in FCAS (Fragile and Conflict-affect States) contexts, particularly in nutrition (food security), health, WASH and the economic sector. Institutional resilience is the ability of a social system (society, community, organisation) to absorb and recover from external shocks, while positively adapting and transforming to address long-term changes and uncertainty. Investing in strong, well-functioning and adaptable social systems, such as health, education and social protection systems, can build resilience, as this help to cushion the negative economic and social effects of crises. While development actors have established guidance on how institutions can be made more effective, inclusive and accountable, there is much less literature on institutional resilience and how development actors can help to foster it. Much of the literature notes a lack of systematic evidence on applying the concept of resilience. These gaps extend to a dearth of guidance on how development actors can mainstream institutional resilience and systems strengthening into their policies and programmes. This rapid review draws on common factors discussed in the literature that are considered important to the strengthening of resilience and particular systems. These may, in turn, provide an indication of ways in which to mainstream institutional resilience and systems strengthening into development policy and programming
Documentation of Survivors of Gender-based Violence (GBV)
Authors: Idris Iffat
Published: July 2021

This review is largely based on grey literature, in particular policy documents and reports by international development organizations. While there was substantial literature on approaches and principles to GBV documentation, there was less on remote service delivery such as helplines – much of this only in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, very little was found on actual examples of GBV documentation in developing contexts. By definition, gender featured strongly in the available literature; the particular needs of persons with disabilities were also addressed in discussions of overall GBV responses, but far less in GBV documentation. GBV documentation refers to the recording of data on individual GBV incidents in order to provide/refer survivors with/to appropriate support, and the collection of data of GBV incidents for analysis and to improve GBV responses. The literature notes that there are significant risks associated with GBV documentation, in relation to data protection. Failure to ensure information security can expose survivors, in particular, to harm, e.g. reprisal attacks by perpetrators, stigma, and ostracism by their families/ communities. This means that GBV documentation must be carried out with great care. A number of principles should always be applied when documenting GBV cases in order to protect survivors and prevent potential negative effects: do no harm, survivor-centered approach, survivor autonomy, informed consent, non-discrimination, confidentiality, and data protection (information security).
PENGARUH EXERCISE INTENSITAS TINGGI TERHADAP KETEBALAN ENDOMETRIUM MENCIT (MUS MUSCULUS)
Authors: Yuli Aizah Ari Setyana , Sari Gadis Meinar , Sa’adi Ashon
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang : Exercise dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ketidakseimbangan antara antioksidan endogen dan ROS dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatif dapat menyebabkan infertilitas pada wanita melalui berbagai mekanisme. Endometrium yang tidak sempurna karena ROS tidak dapat mendukung embrio dan perkembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perbedaan ketebalan endometrium pada mencit yang exercise intensitas tinggi. Metode : Penelitian ini true experimental dengan rancangan randomized posttest only design. Besar sampel adalah 7 ekor tiap kelompok, yang terdiri dari 2 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol dan  kelompok exercise intensitas tinggi. Data yang didapatkan adalah ketebalan endometrium mencit. Hasil : hasil uji mann-whitney menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan dengan P=0,006. Kesimpulan : exercise intensitas tinggi dapat mempengaruhi ketebalan endometrium.. Abstract Background: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is formed by exercise. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between endogenous antioxidants and ROS. Oxidative stress  causes infertility in women through mechanisms. Because of  ROS, endometrium can not support the embryo and its development. This research aim to analyze different of endometrial thickness mice with high intensity exercise. Methods: This research is true experimental researh with randomized posttest only design. The sample size is 7 female mice each group, devided into 2 groups. The control group, and the high-intensity exercise group. Data obtained from mice endometrial thickness Results: mann-whitney  gave significant result at level p=0.006. Conclusion: high intensity exercise can effect the thickness of the endometrium.
PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI HEPATITIS B (PASIF) PADA BAYI YANG LAHIR DARI IBU HBsAg POSITIF
Authors: A. K. S Ramadhani , Juniastuti Juniastuti , C. L Muhammad Ardian
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Surabaya tercatat 748 bayi lahir dari ibu dengan HBsAg positif diseluruh wilayah puskesmas kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian imunisasi hepatitis B (pasif) pada bayi yang dilahirkan dari ibu dengan HBsAg positif di 4 wilayah puskesmas di Kota Surabaya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif observasional dan teknik total sampling dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 56 bayi. Variabel yang diamati meliputi pemberian imunisasi hepatitis B (pasif) pada bayi yang dilahirkan dari ibu dengan HBsAg positif. Analisis data menggunakan univariat atau deskriptif. Hasil: Didapatkan distribusi pemberian imunisasi pasif hepatitis B (HBIG) pada bayi sebanyak 91,1% dan 40 bayi (71,4%) dinyatakan non reaktif saat mereka berusia >9 bulan. Kesimpulan: Hampir seluruh bayi yang lahir dari ibu dengan HBsAg melakukan imunisasi pasif (HBIG) dan imunisasi aktif (HB-0) tepat waktu dan sebagian besar bayi dinyatakan non reaktif terhadap HBsAg saat berusia lebih dari 9 bulan.Abstract Background: Based on data from the Surabaya City Health Office, 748 infants born to HBsAg positive mothers in all of the public city health center of Surabaya. This study aims to describe the giveness hepatitis B immunization (passive) in infants born to HBsAg positive mothers in 4 of the public city health center in Surabaya. Method: This study uses descriptive observational study and total sampling technique with a cross-sectional approach. All samples which is included to inclusion criteria were 56 infants. The variables observed the giveness of hepatitis B immunization (passive) in infants born to HBsAg positive mothers and the HBsAg status of the children after hepatitis B immunization which were performed when they were more than 9 months old. Univariate or descriptive analysis was performed. Results: The study  found the distribution frequency the giveness of passive hepatitis B immunization (HBIG) were 91,1% and the HBsAg status when the children more than 9 months old were 71,4% are declared as non-reactive to HBsAg.. Conclusion: Almost all infants born to HBsAg postive mothers have gone through passive immunization (HBIG) and most of them are found to be non-reactive to HBsAg when they are more than 9 months old.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH MEDIA BUKU POP-UP DAN LEAFLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN MENARKE PADA ANAK PEREMPUAN PUBERTAS AWAL
Authors: Dewi Khairun Nisa’ , Amalia Rize Budi , Utomo Budi
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang :Menarke merupakan kondisi fisiologis berupa menstruasi pertama yang dialami perempuan. Kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai menarke berdampak pada ketidaksiapan dalam menghadapi menarke.  Pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi dengan media yang sesuai dapat menjadi upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang menarke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pengaruh pemberian media buku pop-up dan leaflet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang menarke pada anak perempuan usia pubertas awal. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis kuasi experimental dengan pendekatan pretest-post test control group design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 anak perempuan usia pubertas awal yang terbagi kedalam kelompok dengan intervensi media buku pop-up dan kelompok dengan intervensi media leaflet. Pengukuran pengetahuan tentang menarke menggunakan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test. Hasil: Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test data pretest-postest pengetahuan pada kelompok yang diberi media leaflet (p=0,001) dan pretest-postest kelompok yang diberi media leaflet (p=0,001). Uji Mann Whitney U-Test data postest kelompok buku pop-up dan kelompok leaflet (p=0.002) (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Buku pop-up merupakan media yang lebih efektif dari leaflet untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang menarke pada anak perempuan usia pubertas awal .Abstract Background: Menarche is physiological condition, the first menstruation that happen to women. Lack of knowledge can lead to unreadiness menstrual behaviour. Menstrual education by using visual media can be useful to increase menarche knowlede. This study aims to compare educational media of pop-up book and leaflet to increasing knowledge about menarche. Methods: The type of research was quasi experiment using pretest-posttest group design. The samples taken from 44 female students of SDN Banjarejo I dan II Bojonegoro. Samples consisting of 22 students as leaflet group  and 22 students as pop-up book group. Method of measuring knowledge using pretest and postest questionnaire. Result: Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test indicate there was significant difference between pretest-posttest leaflet group (p=0,001) and pretest-postest pop-up book group (p=0,001). The result of Mann Whitney U-Test indicate there was significant difference of knowledge (p=0,002) beetween postest leaflet group and postest pop-up book group. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was the pop-up book was found more effective than leaflet in improving menarche knowledge
Unique volatile chemical profiles produced by indigenous and commercial strains of Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae during laboratory-scale Chardonnay fermentations
Authors: Lyons Sarah M. , Morgan Sydney C. , McCann Stephanie , Sanderson Samantha , Newman Brianne L. , Watson Tommaso Liccioli , Jiranek Vladimir , Durall Daniel M. , Zandberg Wesley F.
Published: July 2021

Each wine growing region hosts unique communities of indigenous yeast species, which may enter fermentation and contribute to the final flavour profile of wines. One of these species, Saccharomyces uvarum, is typically described as a cryotolerant yeast that produces relatively high levels of glycerol and rose-scented volatile compounds as compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the main yeast in winemaking. Comparisons of fermentative and chemical properties between S. uvarum and S. cerevisiae at the species level are relatively common; however, a paucity of information has been collected on the potential variability present among S. uvarum strains. The objective of this study was to compare the fermentation kinetics and production of volatile compounds between indigenous and commercial Saccharomyces strains at different temperatures. We compared laboratory-scale fermentation of Chardonnay juice at 15 °C and 25 °C for 11 Saccharomyces yeast strains (six indigenous S. uvarum, one commercial S. uvarum, one indigenous S. cerevisiae and three commercial S. cerevisiae). Fermentation kinetics and the production of volatile compounds known to affect the organoleptic properties of wine were determined. The indigenous S. uvarum strains showed comparable kinetics to commercially sourced strains at both temperatures. Volatile compound production among the strains was more variable at 15 °C and resulted in unique chemical profiles at 15 °C as compared with 25 °C. Indigenous S. uvarum strains produced relatively high levels of 2-phenylethyl acetate and 2-phenylethanol, whereas these compounds were found at much lower levels in fermentations conducted by commercial strains of both S. cerevisiae and S. uvarum. Production of glycerol by indigenous S. uvarum strains did not differ from commercial strains in this study. Our findings demonstrate that indigenous strains of S. uvarum show functional variation among themselves. However, when compared with commercial S. cerevisiae and S. uvarum strains, they have comparable fermentation kinetics but unique volatile compound profiles, especially at low fermentation temperatures.
Exploring the ‘Rolling Unmasking Effect’ of Downwind Odor Dispersion from Model Plant and Animal Sources
Authors: Wright Donald W. , Koziel Jacek A. , Parker David B. , Iwasinska Anna , Hartman Thomas G. , Kolvig Paula , Wahe Landon
Published: July 2021

Solving environmental odor issues can be confounded by many analytical, technological, and socioeconomic factors. Considerable know-how and technologies can fail to properly identify odorants responsible for the downwind nuisance odor and mitigate it for the affected citizenry. We propose enabling solutions to environmental odor issues by utilizing troubleshooting techniques developed for the food, beverage, and consumer products industries. We showed that the downwind odorant impact-priority ranking process can be definable and relatively simple. The initial challenge is the prioritization of environmental odor character from the perspective of the impacted citizenry downwind. In this research, we aim at summarizing three natural models of the rolling unmasking effect (RUE) and discuss them more systematically in the context of the proposed downwind environmental odor prioritization approach. Regardless of the size and reach of an odor source, a simplification of odor character and composition typically develops with downwind dilution. The extreme odor simplification-upon-dilution was demonstrated for two plant varieties, prairie verbena and Virginia pepperweed. Their downwind odor frontal boundaries were dominated by single, character-defining odorants; p-cresol-dominated ‘barnyard’ odor, and benzyl mercaptan-dominated ‘burnt match’ odor, respectively. The P.T. porcupine downwind odor frontal boundary was dominated by two potent, character-defining odorants: (1) ‘onion’/‘body odor’ odorant #1 and (2) ‘onion’/‘grilled’ odorant #2. In contrast with their downwind boundary simplicities, each odor source presented considerable compositional complexity and composite character difference near the source. The proposed RUE approach’s ultimate significance is the illustration of naturally occurring phenomena that explain why some environmental odors and their sources can be challenging to identify and mitigate using the analytical only approach (focused on compound identities and concentrations). These approaches rarely move beyond comprehensive lists of compounds being emitted by the source.
Moral Distress and Perceived Community Views Are Associated With Mental Health Symptoms in Frontline Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Smallwood Natasha , Pascoe Amy , Karimi Leila , Willis Karen
Published: July 2021

Background: Sudden changes in clinical practice and the altered ability to care for patients due to the COVID-19 pandemic have been associated with moral distress and mental health concerns in healthcare workers internationally. This study aimed to investigate the severity, prevalence, and predictors of moral distress experienced by Australian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A nationwide, voluntary, anonymous, single time-point, online survey of self-identified frontline healthcare workers was conducted between 27th August and 23rd October 2020. Participants were recruited through health organisations, professional associations or colleges, universities, government contacts, and national media. Results: 7846 complete responses were received from nurses (39.4%), doctors (31.1%), allied health staff (16.7%) or other roles (6.7%). Many participants reported moral distress related to resource scarcity (58.3%), wearing PPE (31.7%) limiting their ability to care for patients, exclusion of family going against their values (60.2%), and fear of letting co-workers down if they were infected (55.0%). Many personal and workplace predictors of moral distress were identified, with those working in certain frontline areas, metropolitan locations, and with prior mental health diagnoses at particular risk of distress. Moral distress was associated with an increased risk of adverse mental health outcomes. Feeling appreciated by the community mitigated this risk in healthcare workers. Conclusions: Safeguarding healthcare workforces during crises is important for both patient safety and workforce longevity. Targeted interventions are required to prevent or minimise moral distress and associated mental health concerns in healthcare workers during COVID-19 and other crises.
COVID-19 and Kidney Injury: Could Renin-Angiotensin Components Crosstalk with Immune Responses?
Authors: Nsengimana Bernard , Jin Yu , Jia Yuting , Wei Wenqiang , Ji Shaoping
Published: July 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To contain the virus, numerous preventive measures have been taken including isolation of patients, careful infection control, social distancing, and taking vaccine. So far, new confirmed and death cases are still increasing. SARS-CoV-2 invades cells by using the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is an essential enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) which converts angiotensin II (Ang II) to angiotensin (1-7). ACE2 is expressed in different organs, including lung, heart, and kidney. A high number of COVID-19 patients developed kidney injury has been reported. Renal impairment and acute injury are associated with mortality of COVID-19, which is 14-16 times higher than other general patients. Acute Kidney Injury has been occured in 2.9 up to 43% of intensive care unit patients. The increasing evidence show that the components of RAS can activate the complement cascade, and cytokines production. Kidney injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 is related mainly to systemic and local inflammation. Moreover, the uncontrolled immune responses mediated by SARS-CoV-2 including hypercytokinaemia, secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, antibody dependent enhancement, complement system, and phagocytic cells activation can contribute in the virus pathogenesis leading to associated renal dysfunction. However, the role and crosstalk between of RAS components and immune response in mediating kidney injury remain undefined. In this review, we focus on the recent studies to provide the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 interacting with RAS and immune responses to mediate kidney injury.
Profile Of Tourist Visits In Sangiran Site Area, Sragen Regency
Authors: Subanti Sri , Slamet Isnandar , Sulandari Winita , Zukhronah Etik , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Susanto Irwan
Published: July 2021

Tourism activities are chain activities that involve various sectors and related institutions. Tourism is one of the fields in the lives of the people of Sragen Regency, which has become one of the priorities in development in recent years. This is based on the local government's awareness that tourism development can support regional income while at the same time increasing the standard of living of people living in tourist areas. For this reason, evaluating the impact of tourism in an area on the socioeconomic conditions of the community is an important thing to know. Sangiran is one of the most complete paleontological sites in Indonesia. Sangiran has also been designated as a cultural heritage by UNESCO on December 5, 1996, with the designation number C.593. The Sangiran site itself is located in Sragen Regency and Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. In general, the background of the population in the Sangiran Site area comes from the Javanese ethnic group, who in daily life communicate using the Javanese language. The Sangiran site has been known as an ancient human area from the Pleistocene. Not only storing archaeological wealth, but Sangiran is also very rich in artistic potential, both from prehistoric times and the present. Many things can be enjoyed in Sangiran. Apart from the museum that presents archaeological findings full of meaning, the public can also enjoy the local culture, including traditional arts, traditional ceremonies, local architecture, and folk crafts, adding value to the site. This study aims to determine the profile of tourist visits in the Sangiran Site Area. This study found that the factors that influence the number of visits to the Sangiran Site Area are travel costs, age, gender, and monthly income of respondents related to visiting the Sangiran Site Area. Furthermore, the factors that influence the respondents' willingness to accept ticket offers in the market hypothesis scenario in the Sangiran Site Area are the nominal price of the entrance ticket to a market hypothesis given to respondents, age, gender, monthly income of respondents, education level of respondents, and origin of the respondent.
Description Of Differences In Creative Thinking Profile For Male And Female Students In Open Ended Problem Solving
Authors: Islam Hana Shohwatul , Budiyono Budiyono , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: July 2021

One of the manifestations of high-level thinking is creative thinking, characterized by creating something new from ideas, concepts, experiences, and knowledge that is in one's mind. This study aims to describe the creative thinking profile of male and female students in solving open-ended problems. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subject of the study used was 2 grade VII students of SMP Negeri 3 Surakarta. This research instrument uses open-ended problem tests with indicators of creative thinking and interviews. In describing the student's creative thinking profile, the researcher will pay attention to 4 stages: preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification stages. The results of this study show that male students can explain problems and solutions orally or in writing. While female students can explain the problem and the solution is both verbally but less able to explain with writing
Narrativas de representación en el cine de autor latinoamericano: Buenos Aires Viceversa, la crítica y los recursos de análisis
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna, Delponti Patricia , Rodríguez Wangüemert Carmen ,   Universidad de La Laguna
Published: July 2021

Como aporte para ahondar en las narrativas de representación de Latinoamérica y sus países, este artículo pretende reforzar el valor del análisis crítico cinematográfico, explorar las mixturas que se produjeron en el tránsito del documental a la ficción, en el Nuevo Cine Latinoamericano. Además de mostrar cómo la película Buenos Aires Viceversa (Agresti, 1996), logra construir un pasado representado que ofrece recursos simbólicos inequívocos sobre Argentina. La metodología empleada se estructura en tres etapas, una contextual de revisión de la literatura, seguida de un trabajo de documentación que estudia cómo se ha ocupado de la representación el análisis de la crítica especializada. Por último, se analiza Buenos Aires Viceversa, con un modelo que sitúa a la obra entre el cuerpo creador y el público. Como resultado de dicho análisis, la película se reafirma como un texto precursor de las tendencias audiovisuales latinoamericanas, con una estructura de narraciones concéntricas: las fragmentaciones en la representación de la ciudad (espacio); la de los hijos de desaparecidos de la dictadura (personajes), quienes, sin poseer una memoria factual (historia), se hallan en edad de cuestionamientos y participan en el proceso de ofrecer al público formas concretas de las ideas abstractas que el autor elige proyectar
Sobre a elaboração da sequência didática para o ensino de literatura no ensino médio integrado, na perspectiva do letramento literário
Authors: Tonet Helena Maria , Escott Clarice Monteiro , Cavalcanti Ricardo
Published: July 2021

Esta SD literária, advinda de pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória no âmbito de Dissertação de Mestrado Profissional em EPT, uma proposta de ensino para a formação do estudante-leitor crítico aliada à concepção do EMI, tem base nos conceitos de letramento literário de Cosson, aliados a teorias de Antonio Candido, entre outros. Iniciando com o tema “intertextualidade” e encerrando com um Sarau, propõe análise e interpretação de Os sofrimentos do jovem Werther, de Goethe, e elementos de intertextualidade gerados por Álvares de Azevedo, Machado de Assis e outros. Submetido à avaliação de três docentes do IFRS, o PE obteve receptividade quanto ao potencial de aplicabilidade; um avaliador observou que a SD é arrojada  e as propostas de oralidade ficaram bem pensadas. Entende-se que essa SD é passível de replicação em contextos do Ensino Médio; de formação de estudantes de Letras; e de atividades de extensão, no formato de círculos de leitura.
Toward Accurate Reservoir Simulations on Unstructured Grids: Design of Simple Error Estimators and Critical Benchmarking of Consistent Discretization Methods for Practical Implementation
Authors: Raynaud X. , Pizzolato A. , Johansson A. , Caresani F. , Ferrari A. , Møyner O. , Nilsen H. M. , Cominelli A. , Lie K.-A.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we aim to identify discretization errors caused by non-K-orthogonal grids upfront through simple preprocessing tools and perform a comparative study of a set of representative, state-of-the-art, consistent discretizations [multipoint flux approximation (MPFA-O), mimetic finite difference (MFD), nonlinear two-point flux approximation (NTPFA, TPFA), and average multipoint flux approximation (AvgMPFA)] to select the method most suited for inclusion in a commercial reservoir simulator. To predict the potential impact of discretization errors, we propose two types of error indicators. Static indicators measure the degree of nonconsistency of the two-point method at a cell level, and dynamic indicators measure how local discretization errors affect flow paths. The latter are computed using a series of idealized tracer simulations. By changing monitoring and injection points, one can mimic the reservoir-development strategy and thus focus on the errors introduced on quantities of real interest.

To assess the practical usability of various consistent methods and validate our new error indicators, we use a set of representative grid models generated by contemporary commercial tools, for which we discuss static error indicators and compare tracer responses for the various discretization methods. We also compare degrees of freedom, sparsity, and the condition number of the alternative methods and discuss challenges related to their practical implementation. Our results indicate that tracer simulations constitute an efficient tool to identify and classify discretization errors and quantify their potential impact. We observe distinctively different behavior with the inconsistent two-point method and the consistent methods, which agree closely in terms of accuracy of the response. We also note a deficiency in the commercial realization of so-called Depogrids, which can result in unnecessarily complicated polytopal cells with hundreds of faces. Our overall conclusion is that NTPFA and AvgMPFA are the most viable solutions for integration into a commercial simulator, with the linear AvgMPFA method being the least invasive.

NOTE: This paper is published as part of the 2021 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference Special Issue.
Arsenic Speciation in Rice, Mechanisms and Associated Health Risk Through Rice Consumption in Various Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Sarwar Tasneem , Khan Sardar , Muhammad Said , Nawab Javed , Amin Shehla , Khan Janas , Sarwar Adnan , Huang Qing
Published: July 2021

Arsenic (As) is one of the toxic metalloids therefore can cause health risk in the consumers through consumption of contaminated food and rice. The current study focused on As speciation in rice, bioavailability, mechanisms and its potential human health risk. For this purpose, rice and soil samples were collected from 16 different districts (non-mining and mining) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan). Soil physicochemical characteristic such as texture, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), pH, iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) were determined. Total arsenic (AsT) concentrations were analyzed using ICP-MS, while the arsenite (As3+), arsenate (As5+), arsenobetine (BAs), dimethylarsenic (DMA) and monomethyl arsenic (MMA) were determined by HPLC–ICP-MS method. Results showed the highest AsT (0.28 mg/kg) was observed in the rice samples of DI Khan District and lowest (0.06 mg/kg) in Shangla District. However, these findings were found within the permissible limits set by various authorities. Furthermore, results showed higher concentrations of inorganic As (Asi) than organic As (Aso) species in rice. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILTCR) were used to evaluate the potential human health risk for As consumption in rice. Results revealed that the rice samples collected from the district having mining activities had higher value of As (0.28 mg/kg of AsT) as compared to non-mining (0.072 mg/kg of AsT). The highest ILTCR value (0.00196) was observed for rice collected from mining districts. This study revealed that mining activities have great influence on the As contamination of soil and grown rice. This study recommends the soil amendment in districts having mining activities to lower As availability in soil and its bioaccumulation in growing rice that will help to keep lower the potential risk.
The Evaluatıon of The Effıcacy of Adalımumab in Refractory Non-Infectıous Uveıtıs Wıth Ultra-Wıdefıeld Fundus Fluoresceın Angıography
Authors: UZLU Dilek , Köse Büşra , Akyol Nurettin , Erdöl Hidayet , Günay Murat
Published: July 2021

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of adalimumab in the cases with refractory non-infectious uveitis and evaluate retinal vascular leakage changes on ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography.Methods: Twenty-three patients with refractory uveitis were included in study. Results: Forty-four eyes of 23 patients with non-infectious uveitiswere evaluated. Clinically active inflammation was present in 19 eyes (43.18%), while 25 (56.8%) were inactive. The mean drug burden was a 9.91±3.78 (5-21) in baseline, 7.3±4.25 at third and 8.0±4.71 at sixth month (p=0.022). The mean choroidal thickness was 256.65±43.63 μm in baseline, 240.49±36.73 μm at third and 224.81±34.91 μm at sixth month (p≤0.05). In terms of leakage extend, leakage was initially present in a mean of 2.95±4.55 clock hour quadrants, 2.41±3.91 at thirdand 1.76±3.44 at sixth month (p<0.001). Conclusion: Adalimumab was found to be effective in establishing inflammation control by reducing drug burden, controlling retinal vascular leakage and choroidal inflammation in refractory uveitis.
Chagas disease and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection does not lead to worse in-hospital outcomes
Authors: Molina Israel , Marcolino Milena Soriano , Pires Magda Carvalho , Ramos Lucas Emanuel Ferreira , Silva Rafael Tavares , Júnior Milton Henriques Guimarães , Oliveira Isaias José , Carvalho Rafael Lima Rodrigues , Nunes Aline Gabrielle Souza , Barros Ana Lara Rodrigues Monteiro , Scotton Ana Luiza Bahia Alves , Madureira Angélica Aparecida Coelho , Farace Bárbara Lopes , Carvalho Cíntia Alcantara , Rodrigues Fernanda d'Athayde , Anschau Fernando , Botoni Fernando Antonio , Nascimento Guilherme Fagundes , Duani Helena , Guimarães Henrique Cerqueira , Alvarenga Joice Coutinho , Zandoná Liege Barella , Moreira Leila Beltrami , Almeida Luana Fonseca , Oliveira Luana Martins , Kopittke Luciane , Castro Luís César , Santos Luisa Elem Almeida , Cabral Máderson Alvares de Souza , Ferreira Maria Angélica Pires , Sampaio Natália Cunha Severino , Oliveira Neimy Ramos , Assaf Pedro Ledic , Lopes Sofia Jarjour Tavares Starling , Fereguetti Tatiani Oliveira , Santos Veridiana Baldon , Carvalho Victor Eliel Bastos , Ramires Yuri Carlotto , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz , Moscoso Freddy Antonio Brito , Moura Rogério , Polanczyk Carísi Anne , Nunes Maria do Carmo
Published: July 2021

Chagas disease (CD) continues to be a major public health burden in Latina America. Information on the interplay between COVID-19 and CD is lacking. Our aim was to assess clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of patients with CD and COVID-19, and to compare it to non-CD patients. Consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included from March to September 2020. Genetic matching for sex, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hospital was performed in a 4:1 ratio. Of the 7,018 patients who had confirmed COVID-19, 31 patients with CD and 124 matched controls were included (median age 72 (64.-80) years-old, 44.5% were male). At baseline, heart failure (25.8% vs. 9.7%) and atrial fibrillation (29.0% vs. 5.6%) were more frequent in CD patients than in the controls (p < 0.05). C-reactive protein levels were lower in CD patients compared with the controls (55.5 [35.7, 85.0] vs. 94.3 [50.7, 167.5] mg/dL). In-hospital management, outcomes and complications were similar between the groups. In this large Brazilian COVID-19 Registry, CD patients had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation and chronic heart failure compared with non-CD controls, with no differences in-hospital outcomes. The lower C-reactive protein levels in CD patients require further investigation.