bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence Teaching as Part of Medical Education: Qualitative Analysis of Expert Interviews (Preprint)
Authors: Weidener Lukas , Fischer Michael
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine is expected to increase significantly in the upcoming years. Advancements in AI technology have the potential to revolutionize health care, from aiding in the diagnosis of certain diseases to helping with treatment decisions. Current literature suggests the integration of the subject of AI in medicine as part of the medical curriculum to prepare medical students for the opportunities and challenges related to the use of the technology within the clinical context.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore the relevant knowledge and understanding of the subject of AI in medicine and specify curricula teaching content within medical education.

METHODS

For this research, we conducted 12 guideline-based expert interviews. Experts were defined as individuals who have been engaged in full-time academic research, development, or teaching in the field of AI in medicine for at least 5 years. As part of the data analysis, we recorded, transcribed, and analyzed the interviews using qualitative content analysis. We used the software QCAmap and inductive category formation to analyze the data.

RESULTS

The qualitative content analysis led to the formation of three main categories (“Knowledge,” “Interpretation,” and “Application”) with a total of 9 associated subcategories. The experts interviewed cited knowledge and an understanding of the fundamentals of AI, statistics, ethics, and privacy and regulation as necessary basic knowledge that should be part of medical education. The analysis also showed that medical students need to be able to interpret as well as critically reflect on the results provided by AI, taking into account the associated risks and data basis. To enable the application of AI in medicine, medical education should promote the acquisition of practical skills, including the need for basic technological skills, as well as the development of confidence in the technology and one’s related competencies.

CONCLUSIONS

The analyzed expert interviews’ results suggest that medical curricula should include the topic of AI in medicine to develop the knowledge, understanding, and confidence needed to use AI in the clinical context. The results further imply an imminent need for standardization of the definition of AI as the foundation to identify, define, and teach respective content on AI within medical curricula.

CLINICALTRIAL
Smartwatch Technology in Medicine: A Call for Future Dermatologic Research (Preprint)
Authors: Nelson Emelie E , Rousseau Morgan A , Black T Austin , George Mariya N , Rashid Rashid M
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

—
Effects of Nutrition Counselling on Old Age People's Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia: Study protocol for a quasi-experimental trial (Preprint)
Authors: Seid Sr Ahmed , Babbel Netsanet Fentahun
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The world population is ageing rapidly as a result of low fertility and mortality rates and increasing life expectancies. Old age people (age 60 years and above) shared 962 million or 13% of the global population in 2017 and expected to be two billion by 2050. As individuals grow old, their dietary pattern changes and the risk of malnutrition estimated between 11.8% to 27% in the community elderly people. Ageing and nutrition are by far the number-one driver of the global burden of disease: every country is facing. Early assessment and management of malnutrition among old age people can minimize the negative consequences, extending to better health status and quality of life. Nutrition counselling is one of the first line of nutritional therapy. However, malnutrition in old age people remains under-detected, under-treated and under resourced, and is often overlooked in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Furthermore, nutritional interventions targeted to old age people are lacking in the country.

OBJECTIVE

This study is intended to estimate the effects of nutrition counselling on old age people’s nutritional status and quality of life in Bahir Dar City, Northwestern Ethiopia.

METHODS

A single-group pre-post-test quasi-experimental design will be conducted among 216 community-dwelling old age people aged 60 from April 25 to July 25, 2021. Trained nurses will provide nutritional counselling through home-to-home visits once a week for one month, lasting 30 minutes, with a two-month follow-up. Paired T-test will be used to calculate the changes in outcomes.

RESULTS

N/A

CONCLUSIONS

This investigation might be useful for maximizing the preservation of nutrition, health, and functional independence among community-dwelling old age people if the hypothesis is proven correct and show improved nutritional status and quality of life. By incorporating healthcare professional counselling into the current healthcare system for the elderly, hospital visits, expenses, and length of care could be reduced.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trial Registration URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov, which can be accessed with the identifier NCT04746664 (Release Date: October 5, 2021).
The ChatGPT (Generative Artificial Intelligence) Revolution Has Made Artificial Intelligence Approachable for Medical Professionals (Preprint)
Authors: Mesko Bertalan
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

In November 2022, OpenAI publicly launched its large language model (LLM), ChatGPT, and reached the milestone of having over 100 million users in only 2 months. LLMs have been shown to be useful in a myriad of health care–related tasks and processes. In this paper, I argue that attention to, public access to, and debate about LLMs have initiated a wave of products and services using generative artificial intelligence (AI), which had previously found it hard to attract physicians. This paper describes what AI tools have become available since the beginning of the ChatGPT revolution and contemplates how it they might change physicians’ perceptions about this breakthrough technology.
Sexual Harassment in the Information Technology Sector: A Study of Bengaluru, India
Authors: Bhattacharyya Dr Arundhati
Published: April 2023

Information Technology sector is thriving in India. It is placing India on the global plane. Bengaluru is a city of southern part of India. It is also termed as the “silicon valley” of India. The study has been conducted in the Information Technology sector in Bengaluru, India; which was earlier called Bangalore. Out of the 100 respondents who were studied, 50 were women. Most of them who were sexually harassed were younger and unmarried ones. The general studies conducted at different times and by different authorities have found the existence of sexual harassment in the Information Technology sector. In this paper, we are focusing on the study of presence of sexual harassment in workplace in the Information Technology sector. Harassment aggravates discrimination within the workplace. The paper has gone into several theoretical frameworks, through which sexual harassment of women in the Information Technology sector has been studied.
Transitividad (no) canónica. Reflexiones a partir de lenguas habladas en México
Authors:   Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Lingüística, Guerrero Valenzuela Lilián Graciela , Ibañez Cerda Sergio ,   Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Lingüística, Mejía Delgado Yulma Maryela ,   Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Lingüística
Published: April 2023

Este Brevario reflexiona sobre un concepto básico pero complejo del análisis sintáctico, la transitividad. Se proponen dos nociones de este concepto: la transitividad semántica y la transitividad sintáctica. La primera parte del número y tipo de participantes requeridos por la valencia del verbo (estructura argumental) y la segunda refiere al número y tipo de argumentos centrales que aparecen en la oración (estructura oracional). Según las propiedades de código y comportamiento, se distingue entre argumentos centrales directos y argumentos centrales oblicuos. Los argumentos centrales directos forman oraciones transitivas canónicas, mientras que los argumentos centrales oblicuos forman oraciones transitivas no canónicas. Se describen estos dos tipos de oraciones en cuatro lenguas mexicanas de afiliación y propiedades morfosintácticas distintas: español (romance), purépecha (aislada), yaqui (yutoazteca) y tseltal (maya).
Práctica académica e interseccionalidad: notas desde la poscolonialidad latinoamericana
Authors: Soria Sofía
Published: April 2023

En este artículo propongo un modo de entender la relación entre práctica académica e interseccionalidad en la poscolonialidad latinoamericana. En primer lugar, muestro cómo la articulación entre interseccionalidad y problemática moderno/colonial demarcó debates sobre las “diferencias entre mujeres” en América Latina. En segundo lugar, defino la interseccionalidad como perspectiva epistemológica que sustenta una práctica de investigación que busca interrumpir los efectos de la colonialidad, cuyas tareas pueden ser: la interrupción del binarismo sujeto-objeto y el ejercicio de una escucha que permita exponer las jerarquías entre las diferencias, desarticular ficciones sobre la voz subalterna y poner a disposición un lenguaje para la co-escritura de archivos que disloquen lo que se narra como violencia contra las mujeres. En tercer lugar, concluyo con una síntesis de lo desarrollado en torno a la categoría de interseccionalidad y dejo planteadas algunas cuestiones sobre lo común y lo diferente dentro de un proyecto feminista.
Analysis of Different Text Features Using NLP
Authors: Joshi Deepali , Zanwar Harsh , Soni Keyur , Yadav Sanika , Wankhade Priya
Published: April 2023

Abstract: A single letter can create a word, then that single word can create a paragraph and many paragraphs together make a perfect bound of a text collection, make a perfect article. These texts, these words can be said a way through which one expresses themselves. Be it for personal reasons, or professional, Texts do play an important role to convey the feelings. So, with these texts, many operations can be performed on it. Be it making a very large paragraph shorter - as is done in para summarizer, be it changing the language of a given text - as in language translator, be it automatically guessing of the next word - as in automatic word generator, or be it the spelling a grammar corrector. Here, NLP takes its role. Natural Language Processing i.e., NLP includes studies of how computers and humans communicates in a particular language, more precisely natural language. It is a field that blends computer science, linguistics, and machine learning. NLP aspires to enable computers to understand and generate human language. There are many more tasks one can perform with the text given, to get a more fruitful output of it. In this paper, work done on some of these operations or features of the texts are discussed and summarized.
Sign Language Interpreter
Authors: Sarkar Koyel , Shivramwar Chetan , Mohabe Diptanshu
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Sign language is one of the oldest and most natural form of language for communication, but since most people do not know sign language and interpreters are very difficult to come by, we have come up with a real time method using neural networks for fingerspelling based American sign language. In our method, the hand is first passed through a filter and after the filter is applied the hand is passed through a classifier which predicts the class of the hand gestures. Our method provides 95.7 % accuracy for the 26 letters of the alphabet.
Phone Charger Using Sun Tracking Solar Panel
Authors: Labade Suraj , Mane Rohit , Modak Aditya , Sadgire Anil , Harde Tanaya , Gaigole Prof. Dr. Pankaj
Published: April 2023

Abstract: This design uses solar energy from the light, also stores it and eventually converts it into electric energy. Electric energy is used to power a wide variety of devices, from small appliances like toasters and blenders to large industrial machines. It is also used to charge batteries, power lights, and provide heat and cooling. Electric energy is also used to generate electricity for homes and businesses. In our design solar panels absorb the energy and temperature detectors descry the temperature and change the direction of the solar panel to follow the direction of the light. therefore, temperature detector plays an important part in our design. The electricity stored in the capacitor is released into the electronics through the circuit. The capacitor acts as a buffer, allowing the current to flow at a steady rate. This helps to protect the electronics from sudden surges in current that could damage them. In the preface, the main way of the design are handed, also, the purpose and significance of design are shown. In the discussion section, the details of rendering, solid work delineation and factual work are examined. The experimental setup lists the accoutrements that are used in the design and show how the process is carried out to achieve the pretensions.
Application of Fuzzy Logic in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ganaie Fayaz Rasool
Published: April 2023

Abstract: In 1965, Lotfi Zadeh created fuzzy logic as a development of Boolean logic in light of the numerical hypothesis of fuzzy sets, which is a speculation of conventional set hypothesis. Fuzzy logic offers a great deal of adaptability for exploiting reasoning, adding an idea of degree when checking states and allowing states to be other than obvious or misleading. , taking into account possible errors and weaknesses. We begin by giving a brief overview of fuzzy logic before talking about its application to artificial and computational intelligence. Then, with a focus on fuzzy expert systems, we discuss cutting-edge applications of fuzzy logic, with one representative example being thoroughly examined. The article's conclusion makes recommendations for how fuzzy logic and artificial intelligence might complement one another. We focus our endeavors on few plainly characterized sub-spaces of artificial intelligence, staying away from scattering, and keeping a good arrangement between essential examination and applications.
Narrativas de professores de Educação Física na construção curricular em disputa
Authors: Rosa Costa João Augusto Galvão , Terra Dinah Vasconcellos
Published: April 2023

O estudo tem como objetivo narrar a experiência com professores de Educação Física da Rede Municipal de Duque de Caxias na construção curricular (2019-2020) sobre as disputas identificadas pelas ausências e presenças colocadas em cena. Adensamos esse processo pela pesquisaformação como uma palavra conceito, situada no campo das pesquisas narrativas (auto)biográficas. Os caminhos teóricos-metodológicos foram fundamentados pela perspectiva do narrador em Walter Benjamin, tensionando a experiência e o ato de narrar. Utilizamos o diário no campo da Rede Municipal, pensando a palavra do autor pela ciência-saber, a historicidade do sujeito e a reflexividade autobiográfica na experiência do pesquisadornarrador sobre o processo autoformativo que viveu. Tal episódio colocou em cena as narrativas, disputas, vestígios nas concepções acerca do pensar a Educação Física, seu objeto de estudo, características no Município em questão e as tensões entre a dualidade da presença e possível ausência da especificidade na disciplina escolar.
luta marajoara na atualidade
Authors: Cardoso Nunes Murilo , Sérgio Lopes Campos Ítalo , Nazareno Ferreira Borges Carlos , Antunes Marcelo Moreira
Published: April 2023

A Luta Marajoara (LM) vem aos poucos sendo conhecida nacional e internacionalmente como uma prática de combate corporal de expressiva efetividade e com elementos culturais importantes. O presente texto resulta de investigação exploratória que objetivou compreender, a partir das percepções de atletas e ex-atletas da LM, as tensões que envolvem essa prática corporal no âmbito de suas dimensões cultural, educacional e esportiva. A amostra é composta por 13 participantes masculinos, com idade entre 30 a 60 anos, residentes no Arquipélago do Marajó. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado com sete perguntas abertas. Os resultados demonstraram que a LM atravessa um processo de esportivização, de escolarização e de busca pela preservação de suas tradições. Percebe-se, ainda, a crença de que o ensino das tradições da LM para crianças pode resgatar o interesse pela modalidade, destacando o aspecto da identidade cultural do povo marajoara.
“Ser mulher em um curso de futebol já é começar com um passo atrás”
Authors: Barreira Júlia , Guimarães Karen Letícia , Galatti Larissa Rafaela
Published: April 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar as vivências de treinadoras de futebol em cursos de certificação oferecidos pela CBF Academy. A partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com seis treinadoras, notamos que os cursos ainda são majoritariamente ministrados por homens e para homens. Ao passo que os treinadores se expõem constantemente e sentem-se seguros para isso, as treinadoras relatam desconforto e uma constante reflexão sobre o seu posicionamento para provar sua capacidade de ocupar aquele ambiente. Esse cenário é transformado ao longo do curso à medida que as treinadoras se posicionam e tem seu conhecimento e competência reconhecidos para ocupar esse espaço. Mesmo com esses desafios, as treinadoras reconhecem essa experiência como positiva principalmente pelos relacionamentos e conteúdos proporcionados. Os conhecimentos deste estudo podem auxiliar na proposta de mudanças que favoreçam uma maior participação de treinadoras em cursos de certificação no futebol e em outros esportes.
Transtornos Mentais Comuns entre Gays: Evidenciando Vulnerabilidades na Pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Belarmino Victor Hugo , Dimenstein Magda , Leite Jáder Ferreira
Published: April 2023

Objetivou-se investigar a incidência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) entre gays e no intragrupo que se autoidentificam como afeminados, durante o período pandêmico. Para tanto, utilizou-se de forma remota o Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) junto a 43 participantes cisgêneros, bem como fez-se entrevistas junto a 08 gays que se autoidentificam como afeminados. Encontrou-se indicativo de TMC em 60,5% dos participantes. Há uma heterogeneidade nos modos de sofrimento mental entre homens gays durante a pandemia, uma vez que marcadores sociais como raça, renda, escolaridade, local de moradia e ser gay afeminado foram determinantes para o adoecimento mental. O confinamento social durante a pandemia ampliou as vulnerabilidades, seja pela intensificação do contato com a família de origem – tradicionalmente conservadora e heteronormativa – seja pelo afastamento dos espaços da cidade e dos laços comunitários e de acolhimento LGBTQ+. A incidência de TMC foi elevada dentre os participantes, em especial, no intragrupo dos gays afeminados (87,5%), evidenciando vulnerabilidades na pandemia da Covid-19.
Relações entre Psicologia e Pobreza: propostas de atuação decolonial
Authors: Barbosa Vilkiane Natercia Malherme , Holanda Rochelly Rodrigues , Lima Antonio Ailton de Sousa , Moura Júnior James Ferreira , Negreiros Daniele Jesus , Antunes Deborah Christina , Mesquita Nathalia Medeiros
Published: April 2023

O desenvolvimento das desigualdades sociais, raciais e de gênero no Brasil tem suas origens no processo de colonização. Igualmente, a origem eurocêntrica, cientificista e colonial atravessa a Psicologia a partir da colonialidade. Utilizando fundamentos da Psicologia da Libertação e dos estudos decoloniais, tem-se como objetivo analisar a atuação com as comunidades em situação de pobreza como estratégia de decolonização da Psicologia brasileira. Resgatar a memória histórica, potencializar as ações de resistências coletivas interseccionais e enfrentar as desigualdades coloniais são estratégias apontadas para transformar de forma decolonial esse modo de fazer da Psicologia. O profissional deve questionar seus marcadores de privilégio e de opressão baseados em raça, classe, gênero e território. A atuação precisa utilizar metodologias participativas, potencializando as estratégias de resistências históricas das populações negras e indígenas e escolhendo as comunidades em situação de pobreza como campo de ação.
Alternativas ambientales para el aprovechamiento de la biomasa residual de palma aceitera (elaeis guineensis) en procesos industriales y agrícolas
Authors: Vanegas Escudero Andrés Leonardo
Published: April 2023

Colombia se posiciona como el primer productor de aceite de palma en América Latina y el cuarto a nivel mundial. Durante la extracción del aceite de palma se genera biomasa residual lignocelulósica como los racimos de fruta vacía (RFV), Fibras de mesocarpio, Cuesco de palma; además, de producirse emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) y efluentes con alta carga orgánica (POME); que al no ser procesados, tratados o dispuestos adecuadamente, representan causales de contaminación ambiental. No obstante, los residuos lignocelulosicos y el POME presentan características atractivas con fines de aprovechamiento mediante la transformación de la biomasa en procesos termoquímicos, físicos y biológicos; tal es el caso de la producción de compostaje y energías alternativas como los biocombustibles de segunda generación. Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los efectos ambientales de la inadecuada gestión de los residuos provenientes de la extracción del aceite de palma e identificar las alternativas de aprovechamiento de esta biomasa para la aplicación en procesos agrícolas e industriales. Como resultado de esta revisión se identificó contaminación en fuentes hídricas, afectación de ecosistemas acuáticos y emisiones de GEI. Finalmente se identificó la viabilidad de emplear la biomasa residual de la industria palmera como materia prima en la producción de compostaje, biochar, biogás, bioaceite y bioetanol.
Big Data Analytics aplicado al estudio del desempeño académico en un curso universitario
Authors: Ramírez Cortés Brayan Steven
Published: April 2023

Data Analytics for large volumes of information applied in education can make an important contribution to improvement plans in the areas of planning and evaluation. The following research aimed to apply an EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis) through a multivariate correlation analysis to the grades of a sample of 13,490 UNAD students in a first enrollment course. It was found that the final score of the students is directly proportional in a factor of 99% to the grade obtained in 75% of the course and a factor of 91% directly proportional to Task 3. In contrast, there is no significant correlation between the final and the diagnostic exercise or task 1.
Hidrólisis enzimática de proteínas de lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia fetida) con diferentes proteasas
Authors: Gómez Sampedro Leidy Johanna , Noreña Mora Angela Maria , Gaviria Gaviria Yhoan Sebastian , Zapata Montoya Jose Edgar
Published: April 2023

The enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins is a biotechnological technique that has gained great importance, since it constitutes an effective strategy for obtaining hydrolysates and peptides with techno-functional and biological properties. These properties depend on many factors, one of the most important it is enzyme type used to the reaction. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of different proteases in the hydrolysis process of Californian red worm (LRC) proteins. For this, the catalytic activity of three proteases with different characteristics was evaluated: Alcalase 2.4L, Flovourzyme and Neutrase, and the LRC hydrolysis process was carried out with each enzyme, under the same enzyme/substrate ratio and the optimal reaction conditions for each enzyme. Each reaction was carried out for 60 minutes after which the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was evaluated to identify the catalytic efficiency of the enzymes on this substrate. The results showed that the enzyme with the highest efficiency in the LRC hydrolysis process was Alcalase 2.4L with which a DH of 13.02% was achieved, twice higher than DH achieved with the other two enzymes. In conclusion, LRC proteins can be efficiently hydrolyzed with an endoprotease such as Alcalase 2.4L, obtaining hydrolysates that could be used in the food industry.
Pinceladas de historia - Contrapunto - Una experiencia educativa mediada con videojuegos
Authors: Santos Méndez Diego Julián , Pineda Romero Margarita María , Guerra Arango Carlos Fernando
Published: April 2023

- “Pinceladas de Historia - Contrapunto” is a prototype of an electronic game to present in a graphic and animated way historical facts of our country and from them build critical thinking in children and young people who have access to it.

The video game was thought of as a necessity, since teaching history at school allows students to build conceptual perspectives.

Currently, students have lost interest in learning history, they see it as one more requirement of their educational program, which becomes an additional difficulty for the teachers who are in charge of taking the course. That is why Brushstrokes of History seeks to help break the stereotype regarding learning history and also promote knowledge of the most relevant events in our country.
Physicochemical Understanding of Biomineralization by Molecular Vibrational Spectroscopy: From Mechanism to Nature
Authors: Liu Hao , Jiang Hui , Liu Xiaohui , Wang Xuemei
Published: April 2023

The process and mechanism of biomineralization and relevant
physicochemical properties of mineral crystals are remarkably
sophisticated multidisciplinary fields that include biology, chemistry,
physics, and materials science. The components of the organic matter,
structural construction of minerals, and related mechanical interaction,
etc., could help to reveal the unique nature of the special
mineralization process. Herein, the paper provides an overview of the
biomineralization process from the perspective of molecular vibrational
spectroscopy, including the physicochemical properties of biomineralized
tissues, from physiological to applied mineralization. These
physicochemical characteristics closely to the hierarchical
mineralization process include biological crystal defects, chemical
bonding, atomic doping, structural changes, and content changes in
organic matter, along with the interface between biocrystals and organic
matter as well as the specific mechanical effects for hardness and
toughness. Based on those observations, the special physiological
properties of mineralization for enamel and bone, as well as the
possible mechanism of pathological mineralization and calcification such
as atherosclerosis, tumor micro mineralization, and urolithiasis are
also reviewed and discussed. Indeed, the clearly defined physicochemical
properties of mineral crystals could pave the way for studies on the
mechanisms and applications.
Familiarization of music modulates functional connectivity between frontal and parietal/temporal areas in the theta and alpha bands
Authors: Malekmohammadi Alireza , Cheng Gordon
Published: April 2023

Frequent listening to unfamiliar music excerpts converges functional
connectivity in the brain as music becomes familiar and memorable.
Nonetheless, previous neuroimaging and electroencephalography (EEG)
studies have yet to determine where and when these connections arise in
the brain during familiarization. This study investigates
electrophysiological changes in functional connectivity recorded by EEG
from twenty participants’ brains during self-assessment familiarization
with initially unknown classical music excerpts via three times passive
listening. Connectivity between all pairwise combinations of EEG
electrodes is evaluated across all repetitions via repeated measures
ANOVA and between every two repetitions of listening to unknown music
with the weighted phase lag index (WPLI) method in different frequency
bins and bands. The results of the WPLI method indicate an increased
coupling during gradual familiarization between the frontal and parietal
areas in the theta band, especially at 7 Hz. In addition, the increased
functional coupling is discovered during music familiarization between
the frontal and temporal areas at the low-alpha band. Moreover, during
listening to music, whether familiar or unfamiliar, robust functional
connectivity between the frontal and parietal areas occurs in the alpha
band compared to other bands, regardless of the number of repetitions
and familiarization. Overall, this study revealed that repeated
listening to music activates specific functional connectivity in the
brain: familiarization increases bi-spectral functional
connections between the frontal and parietal areas at the theta band and
between the frontal and temporal areas at the low-alpha band.
The relationship between COVID-19 fatality and quality health care in OECD countries
Authors: OT Rıdvan , DAYAN Akın
Published: April 2023

Background/aim: The relationship between COVID-19 fatality and
quality health care in OECD countries was aimed to be examined,
considering the effectiveness of primary health care, the effectiveness
of secondary health care. Materials and methods: Data from OECD
countries were collected from open-access websites. Dependent variable
is COVID-19 fatality, independent variables are effectiveness of primary
health care, the effectiveness of secondary health care, gross domestic
product, median age, number of hospital beds, number of intensive care
unit beds, number of doctors and nurses, number of computed tomography
scanners, educational status and air pollution. Spearman Rho correlation
and partial correlation were used in the analysis of the data, and
generalized linear regression analysis was performed. Results:
A statistically significant relationship was found between case fatality
rates and the effectiveness of secondary health care (p<0,05).
The relationships between case fatality rates and other health,
demographic indicators are not statistically significant. In Generalized
Linear Model (GLM-Logit Model) analysis results, only the effectiveness
of secondary health care (p< 0,01) and the number of hospital
beds (p<0,05) were found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: Satisfaction with quality health care is not
associated with COVID-19 fatality. As the effectiveness of secondary
health care increases, the fatality of COVID-19 decreases. The
effectiveness of primary health care has no effect on COVID-19 fatality.
Are Students Coming to Class Prepared? The Importance of Pre-Class Learning in a Flipped Classroom
Authors: Larson Melissa P. , Linnell Jace
Published: April 2023

Despite extensive calls for the use of flipped classrooms in accounting, prior research has given little attention to the role of pre-class learning. Effective pre-class learning is essential to ensuring students still learn the basic class content that has been removed from a classroom to free up time for more active learning activities. If pre-class learning is not achieved, the value of the flipped classroom strategy is diminished. Through a review of existing literature, we provide accounting educators with a practical design guide for effectively implementing best-practices pre-class work in flipped classrooms. This article provides resources, design recommendations, and examples of flipped classroom implementation in an accounting education setting to foster more effective pre-class learning. We conclude with a call for research on various aspects of the flipped classroom in accounting education.
Tax Competition and Employment
Authors: Glaeser Stephen A. , Olbert Marcel , Werner Ann-Catherin
Published: April 2023

We examine how exposure to international tax competition affects domestic firms’ employment. Consistent with prior work, we find evidence that reductions in foreign tax rates affect the domestic competitive environment via increases in import competition and investment in foreign-owned subsidiaries. We posit that these changes in the domestic competitive environment can cause managers to reduce their firms’ employment levels. Consistent with our expectation, we find that relative decreases in foreign tax rates negatively affect total labor compensation at domestic firms ex ante exposed to import competition and competition from foreign-owned peers. The effect of exposure to tax competition is greater for firms more exposed to product-market competition and those that are less able to expand investment without also increasing employment levels. Taken together, our results suggest that foreign tax rate changes can affect managers’ domestic employment decisions by changing the domestic competitive environment.

JEL Classifications: E24; F14; F16; H23; H35.
Biallelic mutations in P4HTM cause syndromic obesity
Authors: Saeed Sadia , Ning Lijiao , Badreddine Alaa , Usman Mirza Muhammad , Boissel Mathilde , Khanam Roohia , Manzoor Jaida , M Janjua Qasim , I. Khan Waqas , Toussaint Bénédicte , Vaillant Emmanuel , Amanzougarene Souhila , Derhourhi Mehdi , F Trant John , Siegert Anna-Maria , Y. H. Lam Brian , S.H. Yeo Giles , Chabraoui Layachi , Touzani Asmae , Kulkarni Abhishek , Sadaf Farooqi I. , Bonnefond Amélie , Arslan Muhammad , Froguel Philippe
Published: April 2023

 We previously demonstrated that 50% of children with obesity from consanguineous families from Pakistan carried pathogenic variants in known monogenic obesity genes. Here, we have discovered a novel monogenetic recessive form of severe childhood obesity, using an in-house computational staged approach. This included analysis of whole-exome sequencing data of 366 children with severe obesity, 1,000 individuals of the Pakistani PROMIS study, and 200K participants of the UK Biobank, to prioritize genes harbouring rare homozygous variants with putative effect on human obesity. We identified five rare or novel homozygous missense mutations predicted deleterious in five consanguineous families in P4HTM encoding Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Transmembrane (P4H-TM). We further found two additional homozygous missense mutations in children with severe obesity of Indian and Moroccan origin. Molecular dynamics simulation suggested that these mutations destabilized the active conformation of the substrate binding domain. Most carriers also presented with hypotonia, cognitive impairment and/or developmental delay. Three of the five probands died of pneumonia during the ~2 years of the follow up. P4HTM deficiency is a novel form of syndromic obesity affecting 1.5% of our children with obesity associated with high mortality. P4H-TM is a hypoxia inducible factor that is necessary for survival and adaptation under oxygen deprivation but the role of this pathway in energy homeostasis and obesity pathophysiology remains to be elucidated. 
Literary poetic discourse in the context of intercultural communication and translation
Authors: Галушко Т.Г. , Зайцева Н.Ю.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматривается художественный поэтический дискурс в контексте межкультурной коммуникации и перевода. За основу взяты теоретические положения эстети- ки, герменевтики, поэтического символизма, а также анализ переводческих гипертекстов, представляющих собой оригинал и совокупность переводов. Ключевые слова: межкультурная коммуникация, перевод, поэтическая эстетика, символизм, гипертекст, универсализация эстетики

The article deals with literary poetic discourse in the context of intercultural communication and translation based on the theoretical principles of aesthetics, hermeneutics, poetic symbolism and the analysis of translational hypertexts, which are the original text and the set of translations. Keywords: intercultural communication, translation, poetic aesthetics, symbolism, hypertext, universalization of aesthetics
Semantic convolutions as a special type of the slogan
Authors: Лемешко Ю.Р.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматриваются лозунги в виде смысловых сверток, структурированные в форме цепочки номинативов. Доказывается, что для декодирования содержания выявление структурно-семантической организации таких лозунгов не позволяет восстановить полный смысловой объем высказывания. Обосновывается возможность анализа отдельного типа лозунговых высказываний с помощью метода фрейма. В работе используется концепция фреймовой модели представления знаний, предложенная М. Минским. Устанавливается, что для анализа таких лозунгов необходимо учитывать не только лексическое значение слов в составе высказывания, но и привлекать знания экстралингвистического характера. В результате исследования обнаруживается, что лозунги данной модели демонстрируют общее свойство, характерное для лозунгов различной структурной организации: в краткой форме выражать идею, предъявляя адресату самые репрезентативные единицы, а остальную информацию помещать «за кадр» с учетом того, что адресат легко восстановит скрытый смысл высказывания.

The article considers slogans in the form of semantic convolutions. It is proved that in order to decode the content of revealing the structural and semantic organization of such slogans, it does not allow restoring the full semantic meaning of the statement. To examine such slogans is possible with the help of frame analysis. In this work, the concept of a frame model of knowledge representation proposed by M. Minsky is used. While analyzing such slogans, it is necessary to take into consideration not only the lexical meaning of words in the utterance, but also extralinguistic factors. As a result, it is found that the slogans of this model demonstrate a general trend characteristic of slogans of any type. They express the idea as briefly as possible, putting only the most representative units in focus and leaving the rest of the information “behind the scenes”, given the fact that the addressee can easily restore the hidden meaning of the statement. Keywords: slogan, model, semantic convolutions, frame, frame analysis, language modeling, knowledge structure
Body Image Concerns and Eating Disorders in Post-Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Rzeszut Mary
Published: April 2023

Organ transplant recipients can experience undiagnosed psychological distress such as anxiety and depression as a result of the transplant process. Transplant recipients can also experience emotional distress related to body image which could result in disordered eating. The research suggests negative body image can result from a medical illness which could affect medical outcomes. There are a limited number of studies on organ transplant recipients experiencing negative body image and distorted eating. In an effort to address the psychological needs of organ transplant recipients, further collaboration between medical and mental health providers is needed to assess the psychological health of patients and improve quality of life, long term graft survival and overall medical outcomes.
Eating Disorders and Substance Use-Is There a Relationship?
Authors: Alves Tânia Patrícia Vasques
Published: April 2023

Eating disorders (ED) are relatively rare among mental disorders, with a lifetime prevalence of 0.6% for anorexia nervosa (AN), 1.0% for bulimia nervosa (BN), and 2.8% for binge eating disorder (BED)
Digital Games in Aging: Important Considerations
Authors: do Carmo Elisangela Gisele
Published: April 2023

People are aging, and life expectancy is increasing. As a result, there is a need to study ways to improve the quality of life for the elderly. One such way is through the use of digital games. This article aims to discuss how digital games can contribute to healthy aging, presenting their advantages, disadvantages, and important considerations to be taken into account.
Models of Concrete and Reinforcement under Explosive Loads
Authors:   Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute of Industrial Buildings and Structures TsNIIPromzdaniy, Kelasyev N.G. , Avdeev K.V. ,   Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute of Industrial Buildings and Structures TsNIIPromzdaniy, Levin D.I. ,   Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute of Industrial Buildings and Structures TsNIIPromzdaniy, Lisanov M.V. ,   STS «Industrial safety» CJSC, Bobrov V.V. ,   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: April 2023

In this article, the mathematical models of structural materials describing their dynamic properties are considered for calculating building structures for the action of dynamic loads. Physical and mechanical properties are described related to reinforcing steel and concrete under the action of explosive loads, as well as the influence of the loading rate and other factors on the deformation diagram of steel and concrete. The analysis is carried out concerning the reasons for the increase in the resistance of concrete and reinforcement under rapidly increasing loads. The relevance of the topic is determined by its compliance with the main goals and objectives of the Russian state policy in the field of improving the safety of buildings and structures when exposed to explosive loads. The article describes the methods of mathematical description of the structural materials behavior under the action of explosive loads. A simplified method for modeling the dynamic properties of reinforcing steel and concrete by multiplying the calculated resistance by the dynamic strengthening factor, as well as a more time-consuming method based on the equations of gas-hydrodynamics and implemented in the LS-DYNA software package, are considered. The authors used the method of taking into account the dynamic strengthening of reinforcing steel and concrete based on the nonlinear behavior of materials using diagrams with a piecewise linear description. Dynamic hardening was considered using hardening factors. The purpose of the study is to compare the results of numerical calculation according to the method proposed by the authors with the data obtained during the experimental program Blind Blast Test. The calculation was carried out by the finite element method using the Lira 10.12 calculation complex. The DYNAMICS+ system was used to simulate the load from the action of an external explosion. The experimental model is a reinforced concrete slab reinforced with ASTM Grade 60#3 rods. The results of numerical calculation showed high convergence with the experimental program. The use of the method of accounting for the dynamic hardening of reinforcing steel and concrete, based on the nonlinear behavior of materials using diagrams with a piecewise linear description, is the most optimal model that allows to get a fairly accurate solution and at the same time is acceptable from the point of view of labor intensity. This article is of interest to design engineers engaged in the calculation of structures for explosive loads.
Intensity of the Work Process: Reasons for Inefficiency of Factor Evaluation
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), Dontsov S.А. , Gabriel P.O. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), Burak V.E. ,   LLC «Group of companies 1520»
Published: April 2023

The transformation of the procedure for hygienic assessment of the intensity of the labor process in the Russian Federation is considered. Special assessment of working conditions, which later replaced certification, had already different goals and objectives, respectively, the change in the goal setting directly affected, among other things, the methodological approach to assessment. Federal Law № 416-FZ dated December 28, 2013 «On the Special Assessment of Working Conditions» introduced an explanation of the intensity of the labor process as indicators of sensory load on the central nervous system and sense organs of employees, which led to a deep sequestration of the assessed indicators. The number of considered indicators was reduced from 23 to 7, which is contrary to common sense and realities in the workplaces. Primitivism and bias in the assessment of working conditions according to the methodology of Order No. 33n of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated January 24, 2014, led to the need to introduce an accredited methodology for assessing factors of the working environment and, in addition to the existing one, issue orders that take into account the specifics of conducting a special assessment of working conditions for a number of manufacturing industries. The experimental and statistical evaluation of the efficiency of the existing approaches to assessing the intensity of the labor process showed that these indicators are less and less identified by the experts. In addition, when conducting studies (measurements) of the identified indicators, they are assigned to the 1st or 2nd class of working conditions, i.e., there is a process of «overflow» of the number of jobs with «harmfulness» into the number of jobs with the indicator «severity of the labor process». These collisions confirm the idea that a special assessment of working conditions is unsuitable for a real assessment of the working conditions in terms of the intensity of the labor process, since they mislead the state, owners and employees. Under the current conditions, the applied methodology for assessing the intensity of the labor process in the procedure for a special assessment of the working conditions is outdated and uninformative.
Village Chicken Production and Management Practices in Barishal, Bangladesh
Authors: Sarkar Prodip K. , Zalal Farhana B.
Published: April 2023

Village chickens are an important source of income and protein for village people in Bangladesh, like in many other developing countries. Since the productivity of the chickens is low, their production might be improved through better management practices. In this regard, village chicken production and management practices were investigated to know the present status and its limitations. We selected 150 farmers from 3 Upazilas (Babuganj, Bakerganj, and Barishal Sadar) in the Barishal district and collected information in a structured questionnaire and through observations. The results show that the village chicken production system was extensive with a low amount of supplemental feed. 87.34% of farmers provided supplement feed to their chickens once or twice a day, while the rest of the farmers did not provide any supplement feed. All of the farmers had a poultry shelter to keep their chickens at night, but we found the shelters to be almost dirty. They were reluctant to clean the shelter, as only 14.67% of farmers cleaned the shelters once a month, while the others did not. Chickens of multiple age groups were kept in the same shelter without maintaining biosecurity. As a preventive measure, 58.67% of farmers vaccinated their chickens, primarily for Newcastle disease. They did not maintain a vaccination schedule. Only 15.33% and 4% of farmers practiced deworming and external parasite control, respectively. For the mating of chickens, the farmers did not select males and females. Though the village chickens seem to be reared and consumed by chicken owners, only 32.87% of chicken products were consumed by chicken owners, and the rest were sold at village markets. Under these circumstances, it can be stated that the low productivity of village chickens could be due to lack of adequate nutrition, unhealthy housing, disease outbreaks, unplanned mating, and improper management practices. The practices of dietary supplements, providing healthy housing, ensuring a vaccination schedule, mating with good partners, and good management practices could improve the productivity of village chickens in Bangladesh.
УКРАЇНСЬКА ПРЕСА РУМУНІЇ: СУСПІЛЬНО-ІСТОРИЧНІ УМОВИ, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Бідзіля Юрій
Published: April 2023

У статті з’ясовано особливості суспільно­-історичних умов розвитку українськомовної преси в Румунії, проаналізовано основні проблеми сучасного функціонування цієї періодики  та окреслено можливі перспективи її розвитку.