bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sum of All Things: Forming Course Assessments to Promote Equity and Deep Learning
Authors: Holmes Joshua M. , Weaver Kari E.
Published: December 2020

This chapter describes why the shift from “assessment of” learning to an “assessment for” learning is relevant to instructors, as well as the need for instructors to reflect on their epistemological, ontological, and pedagogical orientations.
Online Course Engagement through Relationship Management and Content Creation
Authors: Brazelton G. Blue
Published: December 2020

This chapter presents research‐based practices to improve student learning in online environments through intentional interactions between instructors, content, and students.
Structural Plasticity in the Frank‐Kasper Realm: Chemical Pressure Roles of the μ‐ and χ‐Phase Units in the Mo−Fe−Cr System
Authors: Hilleke Katerina P. , Kamp Kendall R. , Lin Yueai , Fredrickson Daniel C.
Published: December 2020

Intermetallic phases have been known to exhibit a wide diversity since Pauling's seminal investigations into NaCd2 in the 1920s that, along with Cd3Cu4 and Mg2Al3, was shown by Samson to crystallize with a giant cubic cell containing >1000 atoms. The concept of structural plasticity – the notion that complex structures emerge from the release of internal stresses that would arise in simpler structures – has recently been used to account for one family of intermetallics, tracing the structures of Ca2Ag7, Ca14Cd51, CaPd5, and CaCd6 to chemical pressure (CP) issues in the CaCu5 type. Here, we extend the ideal of structural plasticity closer to the giant cells elucidated by Pauling and Samson through its application to a series of Mo−Fe−Cr Frank‐Kasper phases. We begin with a DFT‐CP analysis of the MgZn2‐type phase MoFe2, which serves as a parent structure to μ‐Mo6Fe7 and χ‐Mo5Cr6Fe18. The analysis reveals negative CPs around the Mo atoms arising from collisions between the Fe atoms. Tighter Mo coordination is provided in the μ‐ or χ‐phases by substituting some of the Friauf polyhedra of MoFe2 with either μ‐ and χ‐phase units, resulting in layers or blocks of Laves‐like connectivity. Sites preferences in the μ‐phase and the role of Cr substitution in the χ‐phase are explained through the dual lenses of CP and electronegativity. Parallels to the features of NaCd2 hint that such giant‐unit‐celled intermetallics can represent striking manifestations of structural plasticity.
Multi-Scenario Evaluation of the Direct Method in Strapdown Airborne and Shipborne Gravimetry
Authors: Johann Felix , Becker David , Becker Matthias , Ince E. Sinem
Published: December 2020

In recent years, it was shown that the quality of strapdown airborne gravimetry using a navigation-grade strapdown inertial measurement unit (IMU) could be on par with “classical” airborne gravimeters as the 2-axis stabilized LaCoste and Romberg S-type gravimeter. Basically, two processing approaches exist in strapdown gravimetry. Applying the indirect method (also referred to as “inertial navigation approach” or “one-step approach”), all observations – raw GNSS observations or position solutions, IMU specific force and angular rate measurements – are combined in a single Kalman Filter. Alternatively, applying the direct method (also referred to as “accelerometry approach” or “cascaded approach”), GNSS position solutions are numerically differentiated twice to get the vehicle’s kinematic acceleration, which is then directly removed from the IMU specific force measurement in order to obtain gravity. In the scope of this paper, test runs for the application of strapdown airborne and shipborne gravimetry are evaluated using an iMAR iNAV-RQH-1003 IMU. Results of the direct and the indirect methods are compared to each other. Additionally, a short introduction to the processing scheme of the Chekan-AM gravimeter data is given and differences between Chekan-AM and strapdown results of the shipborne campaigns are analysed. Using the same data set, the cross-over residuals suggest a similar accuracy of 0.39 mGal for the Chekan-AM and 0.41 mGal for the adjusted strapdown results (direct method).
Einleitung: das Universum von Möglichkeiten
Authors: Loge Lena
Published: December 2020

Mit dieser Arbeit wird ein Beitrag zu der Frage geleistet, wie soziale Ungleichheit beim Zugang zur Hochschule, speziell beim Zugang zu spezifischen Studienfächern, zu erklären ist und wie soziales Milieu und Geschlecht hier zusammenwirken. Dazu werden die Perspektiven der Geschlechterforschung auf Bildungs-und Berufsentscheidungen aufgearbeitet, um sie anschließend mit dem Habituskonzept von Bourdieu und der daran anschließenden Milieuforschung nach Vester und anderen konzeptionell zu verbinden.
Belastungs- und Ressourcensituation operativer Führungskräfte bei virtueller Teamarbeit. Herausforderungen für die Gestaltung der Arbeit
Authors: Latniak Erich , Schäfer Jennifer
Published: December 2020

Im Beitrag werden die spezifischen Anforderungen an operative Führungskräfte (wie Team- oder Projektleitende) in virtuellen Arbeitsumgebungen skizziert. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen einer Literaturanalyse und von Interviews wurden Ressourcen- und Belastungsfaktoren identifiziert und dann in Feedbackgesprächen bei operativen Führungskräften überwiegend im IT- Bereich explorativ erhoben. Erste Befunde zur Ressourcen- und Belastungssituation der befragten operativen Führungskräfte werden dargestellt. Aus diesen werden Ansatzpunkte für ein verbessertes Ressourcenmanagement und eine präventive Arbeitsgestaltung abgeleitet, die sowohl auf individuelle Handlungsmöglichkeiten wie auf arbeitspolitische Regulierung im Betrieb gerichtet sind.
Team- und Projektarbeit in der digitalisierten Produktentwicklung
Authors: Zorn Victoria , Baschin Julian , Reining Nine , Inkermann David , Vietor Thomas , Kauffeld Simone
Published: December 2020

Die Digitalisierung erhöht einerseits die Komplexität der Produkte im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau (z. B. Cyber-Physische Systeme) und bietet andererseits vielfältige Möglichkeiten und Hilfsmittel zur Gestaltung von Arbeit. Die dafür nötigen Änderungen sind entsprechend komplex und tiefgreifender als nur die Anwendung einer neuen Technologie (z. B. neue Software, digitale Hilfsmittel). Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt ein konzeptionelles Modell auf, das Produktentwicklungsprojekte auf Prozess-, Methoden- und Kompetenzebene sowie aus Teamperspektive betrachtet. Für Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekte können damit unter anderem digitalisierungsbedingte Veränderungsbedarfe identifiziert und gestaltet werden. An Fallbeispielen zur virtuellen Inbetriebnahme und zur standortübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit werden Anwendung des Modells sowie die entstandenen Ergebnisse aufgezeigt. Es zeigt sich, dass durch den ganzheitlichen Zugang sowohl Erfolgsfaktoren als auch Hindernisse sichtbar gemacht und damit aktiv genutzt bzw. adressiert werden können. Abschließend werden Handlungsempfehlungen basierend auf den Erkenntnissen aus den Fallbeispielen abgeleitet.
Holographic subdiffusion
Authors: Ganesan Koushik , Lucas Andrew
Published: December 2020

Abstract

We initiate a study of finite temperature transport in gapless and strongly coupled quantum theories with charge and dipole conservation using gauge-gravity duality. In a model with non-dynamical gravity, the bulk fields of our model include a suitable mixed-rank tensor which encodes the boundary multipole symmetry. We describe how such a theory can arise at low energies in a theory with a covariant bulk action. Studying response functions at zero density, we find that charge relaxes via a fourth-order subdiffusion equation, consistent with a recently-developed field-theoretic framework.
Stability of characters and filters for weighted semilattices
Authors: Choi Yemon , Ghandehari Mahya , Pham Hung Le
Published: December 2020

We continue the study of the AMNM property for weighted semilattices that was initiated in Choi (J Aust Math Soc 95(1):36–67, 2013. 10.1017/S1446788713000189). We reformulate this in terms of stability of filters with respect to a given weight function, and then provide a combinatorial condition which is necessary and sufficient for this “filter stability” property to hold. Examples are given to show that this new condition allows for easier and unified proofs of some results in loc. cit., and furthermore allows us to verify the AMNM property in situations not covered by the results of that paper. As a final application, we show that for a large class of semilattices, arising naturally as union-closed set systems, one can always construct weights for which the AMNM property fails.
Correction to: Framing natural assets for advancing sustainability research: translating different perspectives into actions
Authors: Martinez-Harms Maria Jose , Gelcich Stefan , Krug Rainer M. , Maseyk Fleur J. F. , Moersberger Hannah , Rastogi Archi , Wambugu Geoffrey , Krug Cornelia B. , Spehn Eva M. , Pascual Unai
Published: December 2020

In the original publication of the article, under the acknowledgments section, the project number was published incorrectly.
Differential expression of the BCAT isoforms between breast cancer subtypes
Authors: Shafei Mai Ahmed , Flemban Arwa , Daly Carl , Kendrick Paul , White Paul , Dean Sarah , Qualtrough David , Conway Myra E.
Published: December 2020

Background

Biological characterisation of breast cancer subtypes is essential as it informs treatment regimens especially as different subtypes have distinct locoregional patterns. This is related to metabolic phenotype, where altered cellular metabolism is a fundamental adaptation of cancer cells during rapid proliferation. In this context, the metabolism of the essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), catalysed by the human branched-chain aminotransferase proteins (hBCAT), offers multiple benefits for tumour growth. Upregulation of the cytosolic isoform of hBCAT (hBCATc), regulated by c-Myc, has been demonstrated to increase cell migration, tumour aggressiveness and proliferation in gliomas, ovarian and colorectal cancer but the importance of the mitochondrial isoform, hBCATm has not been fully investigated.

Methods

Using immunohistochemistry, the expression profile of metabolic proteins (hBCAT, IDH) was assessed between breast cancer subtypes, HER2 + , luminal A, luminal B and TNBC. Correlations between the percentage and the intensity of protein expression/co-expression with clinical parameters, such as hormone receptor status, tumour stage, lymph-node metastasis and survival, were determined.

Results

We show that hBCATc expression was found to be significantly associated with the more aggressive HER2 + and luminal B subtypes, whilst hBCATm and IDH1 associated with luminal A subtype. This was concomitant with better prognosis indicating a differential metabolic reliance between these two subtypes, in which enhanced expression of IDH1 may replenish the α-ketoglutarate pool in cells with increased hBCATm expression.

Conclusion

The cytosolic isoform of BCAT is associated with tumours that express HER2 receptors, whereas the mitochondrial isoform is highly expressed in tumours that are ER + , indicating that the BCAT proteins are regulated through different signalling pathways, which may lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic applications targeting dysregulated cancer metabolism.
School burnout and psychosocial problems among adolescents: Grit as a resilience factor
Authors: Tang Xin , Upadyaya Katja , Salmela‐Aro Katariina
Published: December 2020

Introduction

The present study investigated whether grit can mitigate the associations between school burnout, loneliness, and depressive symptoms among adolescents. It also examined gender differences.

Methods

This study included 1296 seventh and 1166 eighth graders from Finland. The study variables were self‐reported and regression analysis was performed.

Results

This study found that two grit facets – consistency of interest and perseverance of effort – played resilient roles in school burnout. A high level of grit substantially reduced reported depressive symptoms when adolescents experienced high school burnout. Our further analysis showed that the role of grit was more pronounced among boys than among girls. When male adolescents were at risk of school burnout, both consistency of interest and perseverance of effort protected them and they had only low levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that grit can act as a resilience factor among adolescents.
The End of Silence
Authors: Marching Soe Tjen
Published: December 2020

In the late 1960s, between one and two million people were killed by Indonesian president Suharto's army in the name of suppressing communism-and more than fifty years later, the issue of stigmatisation is still relevant for many victims of the violence and their families. The End of Silence presents the stories of these individuals, revealing how many survivors from the period have been so strongly affected by the strategy used by Suharto and his Western allies that these survivors, still afraid to speak out, essentially serve to maintain the very ideology that led to their persecution.
Tidally Induced Magmatic Pulses on the Oceanic Floor of Jupiter's Moon Europa
Authors: Běhounková Marie , Tobie Gabriel , Choblet Gaël , Kervazo Mathilde , Melwani Daswani Mohit , Dumoulin Caroline , Vance Steven D.
Published: December 2020

The habitability of Europa's subsurface ocean is conditioned by heat released from the deep interior and by intensity of magmatic activity. Here, we investigate the melting of the silicate mantle through time and its consequences for seafloor magmatism by modeling Europa's internal heat production and transfer using a three‐dimensional numerical model. We show that melt can be produced during most of Europa's history due to the limited efficiency of internal cooling by thermal convection and the presence of radiogenic heating. The melting rate is amplified by tidal friction, possibly leading to magmatic pulses during enhanced eccentricity periods and focusing melting to high latitudes. The volume of generated melts during magmatic episodes is comparable to those involved in Large Igneous Provinces, commonly observed on Earth, and may impact ocean chemistry. We predict that gravity measurements, detection of anomalous H2/CH4, and astrometric data by future missions could confirm ongoing large‐scale seafloor activity.
Elucidating the Mechanisms Responsible for Hadley Cell Weakening Under 4 × CO2 Forcing
Authors: Chemke R. , Polvani L. M.
Published: December 2020

The projected weakening of the Northern Hemisphere Hadley cell will have large climatic impacts at low latitudes. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this weakening. In order to isolate and assess their relative importance, we here use the abrupt 4 × CO2 experiment of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5, as this forcing separates the different mechanisms which respond on different time scales. We find that the Hadley circulation responds relatively quickly to quadrupling CO2 concentrations, reaching its steady‐state value after less than a decade. This fast response demonstrates that the weakening could not be solely due to the much slower increase in surface temperature. In addition, we show that the Hadley cell's weakening results from a combination of an increase in tropical static stability, partially offset by an increase in the latitudinal gradient of latent heating.
The Extreme Positive Indian Ocean Dipole of 2019 and Associated Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall Response
Authors: Ratna Satyaban B. , Cherchi Annalisa , Osborn Timothy J. , Joshi Manoj , Uppara Umakanth
Published: December 2020

The positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event in 2019 was among the strongest on record, while the Indian Summer monsoon (ISM) was anomalously dry in June then very wet by September. We investigated the relationships between the IOD, Pacific sea surface temperature (SST), and ISM rainfall during 2019 with an atmospheric general circulation model forced by observed SST anomalies. The results show that the extremely positive IOD was conducive to a wetter‐than‐normal ISM, especially late in the season when the IOD strengthened and was associated with anomalous low‐level divergence over the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean and convergence over India. However, a warm SST anomaly in the central equatorial Pacific contributed to low‐level divergence and decreased rainfall over India in June. These results help to better understand the influence of the tropical SST anomalies on the seasonal evolution of ISM rainfall during extreme IOD events.
Grip-force modulation in human-to-human object handovers: effects of sensory and kinematic manipulations
Authors: Döhring Falko R. , Müller Hermann , Joch Michael
Published: December 2020

From a motor control perspective, human-to-human object handovers can be described as coordinated joint-actions transferring the power over an object from a passer to a receiver. Although, human-to-human handovers are very reliable in terms of success, it is unclear how both actors plan and execute their actions independently while taking into account the partners behaviour. Here, we measured grip-forces of passer and receiver while handing over an object. In order to study mutual interaction in human-to-human handovers, we measured how changes in relevant features (sensory information available to the passer and receiver’s reaching velocity) in one partner affect grip-force profiles not only at the manipulated side but also at the partner’s side. The data reveals strong effects of sensory manipulations on time-related (duration and release delay) and dynamometric measures (force rates). Variation of reaching velocities had the largest impact on the receiver’s force rates. Furthermore, there are first indications that the vertical object movement is used as an implicit cue to signal the start of the handover in situations where vision is restricted.
First detection of bat-borne Issyk-Kul virus in Europe
Authors: Brinkmann Annika , Kohl Claudia , Radonić Aleksandar , Dabrowski Piotr Wojtek , Mühldorfer Kristin , Nitsche Andreas , Wibbelt Gudrun , Kurth Andreas
Published: December 2020

Bats have been gaining attention as potential reservoir hosts of numerous viruses pathogenic to animals and man. Issyk-Kul virus, a member of the family Nairoviridae, was first isolated in the 1970s from vespertilionid bats in Central Asia. Issyk-Kul virus has been described as human-pathogenic virus, causing febrile outbreaks in humans with headaches, myalgia and nausea. Here we describe the detection of a novel strain of Issyk-Kul virus from Eptesicus nilssonii in Germany. This finding indicates for the first time the prevalence of these zoonotic viruses in Europe.
Understanding synergistic metal–oxide interactions of in situ exsolved metal nanoparticles on a pyrochlore oxide support for enhanced water splitting
Authors: Kim Myeongjin , Park Jinho , Ju Hyun , Kim Jin Young , Cho Hyun-Seok , Kim Chang-Hee , Kim Byung-Hyun , Lee Seung Woo
Published: December 2020

Structure-controlled hybrid catalysts are prepared by carefully controlling the in situ exsolution process of metallic pyrochlore oxide for efficient oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction under alkaline conditions.
A quasi-solid-state rechargeable cell with high energy and superior safety enabled by stable redox chemistry of Li2S in gel electrolyte
Authors: Meng Xiangyu , Liu Yuzhao , Wang Zhiyu , Zhang Yizhou , Wang Xingyu , Qiu Jieshan
Published: December 2020

Stable redox chemistry between a Li2S cathode and Si anode in gel polymer electrolyte is utilized to develop quasi-solid-state rechargeable batteries with high energy and superior safety.
Sustainable pathway towards large scale melt processing of the new generation of renewable cellulose–polyamide composites
Authors: Sessini Valentina , Haseeb Bashar , Boldizar Antal , Lo Re Giada
Published: December 2020

Biosourced polyamide/cellulose composites are promising engineering piezoelectric materials large-scale processable by sustainable, cost-efficient, and solvent-free wet-assisted melt-compounding.
A dual enhanced anti-bacterial strategy based on high chlorin e6-loaded polyethyleneimine functionalized graphene
Authors: Wang Jiangxia , Yang Yuting , Xu Yuanliang , Zhao Lifeng , Wang Lu , Yin Zhengzhi , Li Huiming , Tan Huan , Liu Kunping
Published: December 2020

Dual enhanced anti-bacterial strategy based on a high chlorin e6-loaded polyethyleneimine functionalized graphene nanomaterial.
Binding selectivity of inhibitors toward the first over the second bromodomain of BRD4: theoretical insights from free energy calculations and multiple short molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Yan , Wu Shiliang , Wang Lifei , Yang Zhiyong , Zhao Juan , Zhang Lulu
Published: December 2020

Hydrogen bonding interactions of waters with BD1/BD2 and inhibitors play significant roles in inhibitor bindings.
Electrochemically fabricated MoO3–MoO2@NiMo heterostructure catalyst with Pt-like activity for the pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Park Juhae , Kim Hyunki , Han Gyeong Ho , Kim Junhyeong , Yoo Sung Jong , Kim Hyoung-Juhn , Ahn Sang Hyun
Published: December 2020

A MoO3–MoO2@NiMo heterostructure catalyst shows superior activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction in the universal pH range.
WC and cobalt nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon 3D nanocage derived from H3PW12O40@ZIF-67 for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation
Authors: Wang Libo , Zhang Qiu , Wei Tingting , Li Fengyan , Sun Zhixia , Xu Lin
Published: December 2020

The 3D nanocages nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon (NGC) nanocages hybrid loaded with WC nanoparticles and Co nanoparticles (WC–Co/NGC) were first used for the nitrogen fixation.
Multi-functionalized micro-helical capsule robots with superior loading and releasing capabilities
Authors: Liu Yanting , Yang Yuanyuan , Yang Xiong , Yang Liu , Shen Yajing , Shang Wanfeng
Published: December 2020

A multi-functionalized helical capsule microrobot was fabricated that exhibited enhanced path-planning locomotion, superior cargo encapsulation, and controllable release in response to stimuli.
Cooperative beamforming with link‐adaptive regenerative relays
Authors: Moharrer Hesam , Olfat Ali
Published: December 2020

This paper examines a new beamforming method, and detector for a multi‐relay system is proposed, in which the signals from relays, and direct link are combined to achieve optimal performance. Relays employ link‐adaptive regeneration relaying method to scale their decoded symbols before retransmitting them in order to alleviate the error propagation. The scaling is adapted with the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the source‐relay, and the intended relay‐destination links. In the proposed beamforming scheme, two‐bit quantized phase information of the channel gain between the relay, and destination is used to retransmit decoded symbols at relays. It is analytically shown that the proposed method achieves full diversity order. Numerical results show a close match between simulation, and analytical derivations.
A novel self‐adaptive polar stochastic energy management approach for hybrid microgrids with high penetration of renewable energy sources
Authors: Esapour Khodakhast , Abbasian Mohammadali , Saghafi Hadi
Published: December 2020

This articles develops a probabilistic scheme for the efficient controlling of hybrid microgrids seeing renewable sources and power storages. Owing to the increasing popularity of DC loads (such as laptops, phones, etc) and distributed generation, hybrid AC–DC microgrids can provide more advantages than AC microgrids by direct power supply to AC and DC loads individually. In order to incorporate the randomness of forecast values’ impacts, a new load flow approach constructed based on unscented transform is engaged to handle the uncertainties of electrical demand, bidding pricing, tidal turbine output power and photovoltaic output. As the planned problem is a hard non‐linear optimization, an influential polar crow search optimization algorithm is created to explore the problem domain. The polar version helps to search the optimal solution in a smoother and symmetrical space. Also, a new self‐adaptive three platform correction system is used to reinforce the search aptitude of crow search optimization algorithm when evading early convergence. The total energy losses has improved from the initial condition of 4,065.363 $ to 3,216.129, 3,147.086 and 3,276.394 $ in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd scenarios, respectively. Moreover, the second scenario could get into the best voltage profile with deviation of 0.077428 pu.
Atom search‐Jaya‐based deep recurrent neural network for liver cancer detection
Authors: Navaneethakrishnan Mariappan , Vairamuthu Subbiah , Parthasarathy Govindaswamy , Cristin Rajan
Published: December 2020

Automatic detection of liver cancer is the fundamental requirement of computer‐aided diagnosis in the clinical sector. The traditional methods used in the liver detection process are not effective in accurately detecting the tumour region using a large‐sized dataset. Moreover, segmenting the large intensity of the tumour region is a complex issue with the existing methods. To overcome these issues, an accurate and efficient liver cancer detection method named atom search‐Jaya‐based deep recurrent neural network is proposed in this research. The proposed method mimics the atomic motion based on the interaction forces and the constraint forces of the hybrid molecules. The optimal solution is revealed through the fitness measure, which in turn accepts the minimal error value as the optimal solution. The weights of the classifier are optimally updated based on the position of the atom with respect to the iterations. The proposed atom search‐Jaya‐based deep recurrent neural network attained significantly better performance in accurately detecting the tumor region using the exploration ability of atoms in the search space. The results obtained by the proposed model in terms of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and precision are 93.64%, 96%, 95%, and 94.88%, respectively, while considering the three features using 80% of training data.
Mixed Poisson Gaussian noise reduction in fluorescence microscopy images using modified structure of wavelet transform
Authors: Rasal Tushar , Veerakumar Thangaraj , Subudhi Badri Narayan , Esakkirajan Sankaralingam
Published: December 2020

Fluorescence microscopy is an important investigation tool of discoveries in the field of biological sciences where the imaging phenomena are limited by the noise. This paper introduces the integration of biorthogonal wavelet filters along with mixed Poisson‐Gaussian unbiased risk estimate (MPGURE) based subband adaptive thresholding function for the restoration of low photon count microscopy images. The proposed algorithm consists of four steps. In the first step, variance stabilization transform along with a multi‐scale Wiener filtering approach is used to filter out the noise and blurring effect. In the second step, deconvolved images are further decomposed by the biorthogonal wavelet filters. The modified wavelet subband structure is used for the identification of noisy and noise‐free subbands. In the next stage, different noisy coefficients are thresholded using the MPGURE‐based thresholding operation. The different thresholded images are combined along with different optimum coefficients. Finally, inverse variance stabilization transformation is applied to obtain the final restored output. Performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on 14 different benchmark image data sets with performance evaluation measures like signal‐to‐noise ratio, peak signal‐to‐noise ratio, mean structural similarity index measur, and correlation coefficient. Simulation results of the proposed algorithm claim better results than other state‐of‐the‐art techniques.
Cooperative relative navigation for multi‐UAV systems by exploiting GNSS and peer‐to‐peer ranging measurements
Authors: Shen Jiawen , Wang Shizhuang , Zhai Yawei , Zhan Xingqun
Published: December 2020

Multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems have attracted extensive research interest for their potential benefits of scalability and flexibility. To keep all the UAVs in the desired formation, the navigation system must continuously provide highly accurate and robust relative positioning results. In open‐sky areas, this mission can be achieved using Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS). However, the performance will be significantly degraded in urban canyons, due to signal blockage or high multipath. In response, we propose a cooperative relative navigation method that exploits peer‐to‐peer (P2P) ranging measurements to assist GNSS, and introduce cooperative technology to relative navigation. The principle of this approach is integrating multiple observations from multiple sensors and vehicles in the formation, thereby (a) improves navigation accuracy and (b) enhances the robustness against operational scenario changes. Simulations and flight experiments are carried out to validate the proposed algorithm in urban environments, and the results reveal significant accuracy improvement comparing to GNSS only. In addition, multiple sets of sensitivity analyses are performed to address the impact of UAV numbers, formation geometry and accuracy of P2P ranging on navigation performance.
Two types of distribution of the gas velocity dispersion of MaNGA galaxies
Authors: Pilyugin L. S. , Zinchenko I. A. , Lara-López M. A. , Nefedyev Y. A. , Vílchez J. M.
Published: December 2020

The distribution of the gas velocity dispersion σ across the images of 1146 MaNGA galaxies is analyzed. We find that there are two types of distribution of the gas velocity dispersion across the images of galaxies: (i) the distributions of 909 galaxies show a radial symmetry with or without the σ enhancement at the center (“R distribution”, radial symmetry in the σ distribution) and (ii) distributions with a band of enhanced σ along the minor axis in the images of 159 galaxies with or without the σ enhancement at the center (“B distribution”, band in the σ distribution). The σ distribution across the images of 78 galaxies cannot be reliable classified. We select 806 galaxies with the best defined characteristics (this sample includes 687 galaxies with R distribution and 119 galaxies with B distribution) and compare the properties of galaxies with R and B distributions. We find that the median value of the gas velocity dispersion σm in galaxies with B distribution is higher by around 5 km s−1, on average, than that of galaxies with R distribution. The optical radius R25 of galaxies with B distribution is lower by around 0.1 dex, on average, than that of galaxies with similar masses with R distribution. Thus the properties of a galaxy are related to the type of distribution of the gas velocity dispersion σ across its image. This suggests that the presence of the band of the enhanced gas velocity dispersion can be an indicator of a specific evolution (or a specific stage in the evolution) of a galaxy.
Possibilities of artificial intelligence in assessing the impact of potentially dangerous texts in modern news discourse: problem of statement
Authors: Karabulatova Irina
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the stated problem reflects the study of the “friend-foe” dichotomy, which is clearly represented in the modern news discourse, since it reflects the most significant problems for society: migration, the COVID-19 pandemic, crime, various confrontations, problems of socially vulnerable citizens, etc. The subject of the research is to Refine the parameters for evaluating potentially dangerous texts for the subsequent creation of a library of software modules for theming and classifying news messages, including using AI technologies. Hypothesis: the proposed parameters of the system of interpretation of potentially dangerous text increase the chances of determining the prognostic level of the degree of propensity to illegal actions, so the creation of a digital library will help to quickly analyze the levels of potential dangers for the recipient. The use of digital technologies for psycholinguistic assessment of potentially dangerous texts optimizes the search and tracking of such texts, contributing to the development of measures to ensure the safety of the human psyche in conditions of massive impact on the recipient in order to change his personal attitudes. The author raises the problem of creating a single digital platform for evaluating such texts, noting the need for linguistic priority when creating semantic markup, which will allow us to qualitatively rank potentially dangerous texts. Such work requires the application of interdisciplinary efforts of specialists in the fields of linguistics, psychology, mythology, history, sociology, political science, cultural studies, mathematics, computer science and Digital Humanities. The practical value is unquestionable, since psycholinguodiagnostics of a person does not correlate with the potential danger of texts produced by such a person in society.
Culturally marked collocations in New Zealand national variety of economic discourse
Authors: Malyuga Elena , Madinyan Elena
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of culturally marked collocations in the economic discourse of New Zealand. The study of collocations has gained momentum and become the subject of multiple studies connected with the interest for their formation, combinability, translation and stylistic connotations. However, collocations in the New Zealand economic discourse have hardly been explored before, hence it defines the relevance of this study. The purpose of this research is to identify semantic and cultural peculiarities of collocations in the New Zealand variant of English. The article presents statistic data on the frequency of various conceptual types of collocations in newspaper sections. The frequency of collocations used is determined by the quantitative analysis, while the description of the examples chosen has been given using contextual analysis and descriptive methods. Special attention is paid to the cultural specifics of collocations that reflect history, lifestyle, and traditions of the New Zealanders.
Some Specific Features Of Foreign Language Legal Concept Formation In Perception Of Law Students
Authors: Gervilla Enrique Quero , Moiseenko Lilia , Vikulina Maria , Uskova Tatyana
Published: December 2020

In the process of studying a foreign language a student develops a conceptual view of the world similar to that of a native speaker’s. The structures of basic second language concepts formed in the process of education manifest certain differences from the concept structure in a native speaker’s perception. Similarities in the perception of a legal concept nucleus in the mind of a foreign language student and a native speaker play an essential role in legal communication, since inaccuracy of perception and misunderstanding may result in negative legal consequences. The authors believe it is important to make a point of associative-verbal networks which include different foreign language legal terms and are fixed in the minds of students who study legal English and the Anglo-American legal system. The purpose of the study is to reveal how well associative-verbal links and structures of legal concepts have been formed in the minds of law students, who study legal English and the Anglo-American legal system, as well as to examine the principles according to which associates get fixed in their minds. As a research method the authors applied a free associative experiment, since this is the easiest way to establish links between ideas and concepts in an individual’s mind.
Russian-Speaking Jewry Communal and Congregational Life Abroad: the Role of Language
Authors: Ser Gregory , Talalova Larissa
Published: December 2020

The authors explore the Russian Jews diaspora which represents the viable mechanisms of real functioning in a host society. The article marks three criteria that help to be navigated among the options how the Russian Jewish immigration in the UK pans out in terms of: a) preserving the mother tongue, b) sticking to the home culture and c) whether the Russian Jews choose to adopt the host culture, whether they partly integrate into it or they fully assimilate.
Computed Tomography Evaluation of Nasal Dimensions among Different Singaporean Ethnicities
Authors: Zhao Charmain Liling , Teo Suzanne , Lim Lisa , Uppal Sandeep
Published: December 2020

Osteotomies in rhinoplasty are performed to correct deformities in nasal contour. The size of osteotome used is dictated by the thickness of the bony nasal pyramid along the osteotomy route. The aim of this study is to determine whether nasal bony dimensions differ between different ethnic groups in Singapore. Randomly selected patients' computed tomography (CT) scans of the face performed between the years 2010 to 2013 in our institution (Khoo Teck Puat Hospital) were evaluated. The setting was a tertiary government hospital. CT images of 309 patients (233 Chinese [147 males, 86 females], 32 Malays [16 males, 16 females], and 44 Indians [33 males, 11 females]) were evaluated. Anthropomorphic measurements of the nasal bone along the track of the lateral, medial, and intermediate osteotomies, as well as the nasal bone length and pyriform aperture width were measured on the CT images by two independent observers. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. There was no significant difference between the nasal pyramid bone thickness between different ethnicities along the osteotomy tracks (p > 0.05; degrees of freedom [df] = 2). However, there was a significant difference between males and females of the same ethnicity at the low level of the lateral osteotomy (p = 0.003) and the midlevel (p = 0.002) and high-level (p = 0.004) of the intermediate osteotomy. There was a statistically significant difference in nasal pyramid length (p < 0.05, df = 2) and pyriform aperture width (p < 0.05, df = 2) among the races and between the genders (p < 0.05). The mean difference in nasal pyramid length of 2.54 mm and pyriform aperture width of 1.89 mm was particularly significant between the Chinese and the Indians. Gender and ethnic differences in nasal bony dimensions should be considered in surgical planning for rhinoplasty.
Review of Flap Monitoring Technology in 2020
Authors: Jacobson Adam , Cohen Oriana
Published: December 2020

Advances in free flap reconstruction of complex head and neck defects have allowed for improved outcomes in the management of head and neck cancer. Technical refinements have decreased flap loss rate to less than 4%. However, the potential for flap failure exists at multiple levels, ranging from flap harvest and inset to pedicle lay and postoperative patient and positioning factors. While conventional methods of free flap monitoring (reliant on physical examination) remain the most frequently used, additional adjunctive methods have been developed. Herein we describe the various modalities of both invasive and noninvasive free flap monitoring available to date. Still, further prospective studies are needed to compare the various invasive and noninvasive technologies and to propel innovations to support the early recognition of vascular compromise with the goal of even greater rates of flap salvage.
Modern Management of Facial Nerve Disorders
Authors: Shokri Tom , Azizzadeh Babak , Ducic Yadranko
Published: December 2020

Facial paralysis is a devastating condition, encompassing a spectrum of disorders, with resultant psychosocial, functional, and aesthetic sequelae. With this in mind, an individualized treatment approach based on the cause, pattern, and duration of palsy is necessary. Treatment options include pharmacologic agents, corneal protective interventions, physical therapy, and surgical procedures. The use of steroids and antivirals in the setting of idiopathic facial paralysis or virus-associated facial paralysis is well supported. Despite the diversity of surgical interventions described, there is a lack of consensus regarding optimal treatment. This article provides an overview of the current management of facial paralysis. Medical, surgical, and physical treatment options are discussed with a review of the relevant literature.
Reader reactions to psychological perspective*
Authors: Dixon Peter , Saadat Sara , Bortolussi Marisa
Published: December 2020

In this study, we used latent variable analysis to distinguish two components of reader reactions to narrative
fiction: Evaluative reaction is the extent to which a character is seen as reasonable and rational, and experiential reaction is
the extent to which the reader feels similar to and identifies with the character. We found that evaluative reaction was more
negative when mental access to the character was provided, while experiential reaction was decreased by the use of a first-person
(as opposed to third-person) narrator. These results were explained in terms of the additional cognitive processing engendered by
the these narrative techniques. In particular, we hypothesized that a paucity of mental access leads readers to make their own
inferences about the character’s mental state, while the use of third-person narration leads readers to draw on their personal
experience in order to appreciate the circumstances of the character.
Historical, allometric and ecological effects on the shape of the lumbar vertebrae of spiny rats (Rodentia: Echimyidae)
Authors: Netto Thomas Furtado Da Silva , Tavares William Corrêa
Published: December 2020

In mammals, the lumbar vertebrae are important for sustaining the trunk, for allowing the trunk to flex and extend, and, during locomotion, for transferring forces from the sacroiliac region to the anterior region of the body. The Echimyidae is a group that comprises spiny rats, the coypu and hutias. It is the caviomorph rodent family with the greatest ecological diversity and species richness, as well as having a wide variation in body mass. Thus, echimyid rodents provide a promising model for understanding how phylogenetic, allometric and ecological factors associated with locomotion affect the evolution of the post-cranial skeleton. To assess the effect of these three factors on the morphology of the lumbar vertebrae, the penultimate lumbar vertebra of 26 echimyid species was photographed under five views and submitted to phylogenetically informed comparative analysis using 2D geometric morphometrics. Vertebral shape variation showed a low correlation with body mass and vertebral size, and a low to moderate phylogenetic signal. Remarkably, locomotory habit had a strong influence on lumbar morphology, particularly when analysed in lateral view. Our results indicate that the echimyid penultimate lumbar vertebra is potentially useful for future ecomorphological studies on living and fossil small mammals.
The bigger, the better? A systematic review on the impact of mergers on primary care organizations
Authors: Damiani Gianfranco , Pascucci Domenico , Sindoni Alessandro , Mete Rosario , Ricciardi Walter , Villari Paolo , De Vito Corrado
Published: December 2020

Background

Primary care services are the first point of contact in a healthcare system; in the last years, many mergers and reconfigurations have taken place in this setting. The aim of this study is to summarize the literature evidence on the relationship between the increase in the size of these organizations and their performance.

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was carried out querying EMBASE, MEDLINE and Web of Science databases, from their inception to January 2020. Articles which quantitatively assessed outcomes and process indicators of merger/structural reorganization of primary care organizations and qualitative articles that assessed staff perception and satisfaction were included in the review.

Results

A total of 3626 articles was identified and another study was retrieved through snowball search; 11 studies were included in the systematic review. Studies about lipid profile evaluation and emergency admissions for chronic conditions showed moderate evidence in supporting the merging of primary care organizations; conversely, clinical outcome studies did not reach a sufficient level of evidence to support merging actions. A moderate evidence of a negative effect on patient’s perspective was found.

Conclusion

Actually, there is no strong evidence in favour or against merging of primary care organizations without equivocation. This review supports the possibility to identify indicators for evaluating a merging process of primary care organizations and for adopting eventual remedies during this process. Further efforts should be made to identify additional indicators to assess merge actions among primary care organizations.
Thermal analysis for an experimental study of a cylindrical vertical solar chimney with internal PVC obstacles
Authors: Sakhri Nasreddine , Menni Younes , Inc Mustafa , Ameur Houari , Lorenzini Giulio , Chu Yu-Ming
Published: December 2020

Solar energy is the most renewable energy widely spread on the globe with several applications such as power generation and thermal comfort amelioration inside buildings. In the present study, one of the multiple solar energy techniques is discussed. New, simple and low-cost solar chimney (SC) made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube with internal PVC obstacles was investigated experimentally. Heat transfer of air passing through the new device were studied and results show SC ability of increasing air temperature from 25°C to 48°C and reducing relative humidity from 40% to 10%. Internal PVC obstacles were responsible for increasing outlet air temperature by more than 7°C in 63% of compared cases with simple PVC tube SC without internal obstacles. In the last part of the study, the new system was compared with three conventional square glazed SCs found in the literature. The new system outlet’s air temperature was higher by 12°C than the first two models and 2°C with the third model, which increase the kinetic energy of air leaving the building and increase the internal airflow, ameliorating the air quality and reducing the age of air inside the dwellings. Obtained results encourage building designers and people to widely use SCs.