bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long‐term regulation of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels by gabapentin
Authors: Kang Myoung-Goo , Felix Ricardo , Campbell Kevin P
Published: October 2002

Gabapentin (GBP) is a γ‐aminobutyric acid analog effective in the treatment of seizures. A high‐affinity interaction between GBP and the α2δ subunit of the voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels has been documented. In this report, we examined the effects of the chronic treatment with GBP on neuronal recombinant P/Q‐type Ca2+ channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. GBP did not affect significantly the amplitude or the voltage dependence of the currents. Exposure to the drug did, however, slow down the kinetics of inactivation in a dose‐dependent fashion. In addition, biochemical analysis showed that the integrity of Ca2+ channel complex is not apparently affected by GBP binding, suggesting that chronic treatment with the drug might cause the channel kinetic modification through subtle conformational changes of the protein complex.
Risk factors and infant outcomes associated with umbilical cord prolapse
Authors: Uygur D , Kiş S , Tuncer R , Özcan F.S , Erkaya S
Published: October 2002

Objectives: Our goal was to identify risk factors associated with umbilical cord prolapse and to review the perinatal outcome of cases of cord prolapse. Methods: During the study years 77 cases were identified retrospectively. Associations between cord prolapse and potential risk factors were evaluated by means of the odds ratio. Results: Of the 77 fetuses with umbilical cord prolapse 9.1% had a fetal weight of <2500 g as compared with 9.4% for fetuses in control group (P>0.05). The umbilical cord prolapse occurred in association with vertex presentation 66 times (85.7%), breech presentation nine times (11.7%) and transverse presentation two times (2.6%). The occurrence of breech presentation among the control cases was 2.6%, and that of transverse lie was 1.7% (P<0.01). Case mothers were 1.6 times more likely to be multiparas compared with the control group (P<0.01). The perinatal mortality rate was 39/1000. Conclusions: Our study showed that abnormal fetal presentation and multiparity are associated with an increased risk of umbilical cord prolapse. The association of risk of cord prolapse with low birth weight was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). We suggest that the cesarean delivery decreased the risk of perinatal mortality among cases of cord prolapse.
Spanning the continuum between marketing and operations
Authors: Malhotra Manoj K. , Sharma Subhash
Published: October 2002

We discuss here the importance of the marketing operations interface and our motivations in creating this special issue. We also evaluate and summarize the papers presented in this special issue, and present our observations on how the study of this interface has methodologically evolved over the course of years. Some of the dominant common themes emphasized in the six papers contained in this special issue were communication between operations and marketing, as well as the value of trust and harmony between these functional areas in improving firm performance. Based on these observations and extant literature in both disciplines, a simple framework that delineates broad areas of mutual interest and integration between these two functional areas is proposed. We finally outline a limited set of future research projects that lie at the interface of marketing and operations, and which can potentially be pursued by researchers in this domain in order to promote a better understanding of the interface.
An investigation of the consistency of financial advice offered by web-based sources
Authors: Ciccotello Conrad S. , Wood Russell E.
Published: October 2002

Individuals increasingly rely on web-based sources for financial advice. But does the advice you get depend on the site you visit? Relying on standardized input data from three different family scenarios, we observe that the variation in advice across web-sites increases with client input complexity. Web advice dispersion also differs in magnitude across ®nancial planning domains such as insurance, investments, retirement, income tax, and estate tax. `Live advisor' ®nancial solutions, however, are not always more consistent than those available on the web. Human advice varies less with client complexity, but in certain planning domains web advice has lower dispersion. The results suggest that client characteristics and planning domains matter in the development of ef®cient distribution mechanisms for financial advice. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
Evaluating a stock market timing strategy
Authors: Tezel Ahmet , McManus Ginette
Published: October 2002

Market timing is a popular active investment strategy that promises to beat the market. However, the evidence on the ability of timers to outperform the market is mixed. This paper provides strong supporting evidence of the timing ability of RTE Asset Management by investigating the implemented buy and sell recommendations derived from its proprietary computerized model over the 1979-1999 period and several subperiods. We use various performance-evaluation methodologies that investors can easily implement. The evidence obtained on market timing skills is essentially invariant to the evaluation method used if the analysis is performed over a long time period. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
Innovations in Savings Schemes
Authors: Ridge Jenny , Young Martin
Published: October 2002

Bonus Bonds were introduced into New Zealand in March 1970 based on the Premium Bond savings scheme operating in the United Kingdom. A Bonus Bond is a unit in the Bonus Bonds Trust with all incomefrom the trust's conservative investments being balloted for on a monthly basis by the bond homers. This paper looks at the history and operation of the Bonus Bonds savings scheme in New Zealand and examines why it has such wide appeal for New Zealanders. The paper also addresses the following aspects of the scheme. Performance of the bonds; their level of success as a savings vehicle; factors contributing to their relative success over time; the risk profile of the bond holders. The major findings of the paper are that investors in Bonus Bonds have little appreciation of real values and they view the bonds as an appropriate investment for risk averse investors.
From the Editor Vol 7 No 1
Authors: Lahey Karen Eilers
Published: October 2002

NA
Erratum
Authors: Lahey Karen Eilers
Published: October 2002

NA
Fractal correlation properties of R‐R interval dynamics in asymptomatic relatives of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy☆
Authors: Mahon Niall G. , Hedman Antti E. , Padula Mina , Gang Yi , Savelieva Irina , Waktare Johan E.P. , Malik Marek M. , Huikuri Heikki V. , McKenna William J.
Published: October 2002

Background and aim:

asymptomatic relatives of patients with familial dilated cardiomyopathy who have left ventricular enlargement [LVE] are at risk for progression to dilated cardiomyopathy. A novel index of the fractal correlation properties of heart rate variability (HRV), the short‐term scaling component (∝1) in detrended fluctuation analysis, is a promising prognostic tool in left ventricular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to compare values of ∝1 and conventional HRV indices in LVE relatives with dilated cardiomyopathy patients and normal controls.

Methods:

time‐domain and spectral HRV measures, and the short‐term scaling component (∝1) were assessed from 24‐h Holter recordings from 22 LVE relatives (left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension >112% predicted, normal fractional shortening), 24 dilated cardiomyopathy patients and 14 controls.

Results:

the time domain index SDNN was lower in dilated cardiomyopathy patients [101.8(±44.0)] than in LVE relatives [161.7(±53.9)] or controls [152.9(±51.4)], P ‐ 0.01. Similarly, triangular index and spectral measures were reduced in dilated cardiomyopathy patients but not in LVE relatives or controls. In contrast, the short term scaling component (∝1) in detrended fluctuation analysis was reduced in both dilated cardiomyopathy patients [1.06(±0.33)] and in LVE relatives [1.15 (±0.20)], compared with controls [1.32(±0.16)], P ‐ 0.01. Among DCM patients the short‐term scaling component (∝1) was significantly associated with echocardiographic deterioration during follow‐up (3.7±2.1 year) (P ‐ 0.004).

Conclusion:

the short‐term scaling component (∝1) is reduced in asymptomatic relatives of dilated cardiomyopathy patients who have LVE.
The complexities of the manufacturing strategy formation process in practice
Authors: Barnes David
Published: October 2002

This paper describes case study research undertaken in six small manufacturing companies aimed at advancing the understanding of the manufacturing strategy formation process. Concepts and methods more commonly used in corporate strategy research are used to overcome the limited view of the manufacturing strategy process taken in existing operations management literature. The research concludes that manufacturing strategy is formed in a complex process involving a combination of deliberate and emergent actions and decisions. A unique set of internal and external contextual factors influences the manufacturing strategy process for each company. In particular, the interpretative processes of managers, individually and collectively, under the influence of individual managerial, cultural and political factors significantly affect the manufacturing strategy formation process.
SUPERSYMMETRY IN THE BOUNDARY TRICRITICAL ISING FIELD THEORY
Authors: NEPOMECHIE RAFAEL I.
Published: October 2002

We argue that it is possible to maintain both supersymmetry and integrability in the boundary tricritical Ising field theory. Indeed, we find two sets of boundary conditions and corresponding boundary perturbations which are both supersymmetric and integrable. The first set corresponds to a "direct sum" of two nonsupersymmetric theories studied earlier by Chim. The second set corresponds to a one-parameter deformation of another theory studied by Chim. For both cases, the conserved supersymmetry charges are linear combinations of Q, [Formula: see text] and the spin-reversal operator Γ.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Tetrahedral and Octahedral Cobalt(II) Alternate Chain Complex
Authors: Kumagai Hitoshi , Ohba Masaaki , Inoue Katsuya , Okawa Hisashi
Published: October 2002

Reaction between Co(II) ion and 4-phenoxybenzoate (L) under hydrothermal conditions gives a one-dimensional coordination polymer, [Co2L4]. [Co2L4] consists of dinuclear motifs of pseudo octahedral {CoO6} and tetrahedral {CoO4} linked through μ-carboxylate ligands. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility revealed the presence of ferromagnetic interaction between the adjacent tetrahedral Co(II) and octahedral Co(II) ions.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Induced Epitaxy on the Surface of Nylon1212 Substrate
Authors: Chang Yuning , Xu Qun
Published: October 2002

In this study we focus on the influence of the absorbed supercritical (SC) CO2 on the surface aggregation structure of the substrate polymer, nylon1212. Both virgin and treated nylon1212 were measured or observed with wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), micropolariscope and SEM. A novel phenomenon, SC CO2-induced epitaxy (crystalline overgrowth) was discovered and the mechanism is deduced.
Mesoporous Zirconium Phosphate-phenylphosphonate and Its Functionalization
Authors: Ren N , Tang Y , Wang Y J , Hu S H , Dong A G , Hua W M , Yue Y H , Shen J Y
Published: October 2002

Mesoporous zirconium phosphate-phenylphosphonate has been prepared in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the template. The phenyl groups on the pore wall could be easily sulphonated or brominated to endow the sample with more functionalities.
Solvothermal Preparation of Sb2Se3 Nanowires
Authors: Wang Debao , Yu Dabin , Shao Mingwang , Yu Weichao , Qian Yitai
Published: October 2002

Crystalline Sb2Se3 nanowires with a typical width of 30 nm and length up to 8 μm were synthesized through the reaction between SbCl3 and elemental selenium with sodium sulfite as reducing reagent in diethylene glycol solution. The composition of the products was identified using EDX and XPS. The possible reaction mechanism was also discussed.
Preparation of Ordered Supermicroporous Niobium Oxide
Authors: Lee Byongjin , Lu Daling , Kondo Junko N , Domen Kazunari
Published: October 2002

Ordered supermicroporous (1.0–2.0 nm) niobium oxide was prepared by sol-gel method using neutral templating route, where the template was removed by water washing after 2-step aging.
Continuous Preparation of CdSe Nanocrystals by a Microreactor
Authors: Nakamura Hiroyuki , Yamaguchi Yoshiko , Miyazaki Masaya , Uehara Masato , Maeda Hideaki , Mulvaney Paul
Published: October 2002

In order to provide a continuous preparation method of CdSe nanocrystals, a microreactor was utilized. Particle size of a CdSe was controlled easily by a second order controlling of reaction time. The fluorescence color was also possible to be controlled by the reaction time.
Magnetic Alignment of Polypyrrole Layered Structures by Repeated Redox Cycles
Authors: Morioka Hiroyuki , Kimura Tsunehisa , Aogaki Ryoichi
Published: October 2002

A perchlorate-doped polypyrrole was processed by repeated redox cycles in a 0.1 M NaClO4 aqueous solution under a magnetic field applied parallel to the faradic current. The film that was initially isotropic underwent magnetic alignment. X-ray measurement revealed that the polypyrrole layered structures were aligned perpendicular to the electrode surface.
Photocatalytic Activity of Phthalocyaninatozinc(II) Bearing Dendritic Subsituents at α Positions in Aerated Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Authors: Kasuga Kuninobu , Akita Tadaaki , Matsuura Noriyuki , Handa Makoto , Sugimori Tamotsu
Published: October 2002

The title complexes acted as sensitizers for photooxidation in irradiation with visible light in aerated dimethyl sulfoxide. The reaction proceeded via a singlet-oxygen pathway. The oxidation rate decreased with increasing the number of dendrimer generation.
Phase Transformation from Lamellar to Hexagonal in Mesostructured Silica Thin Films by a Water Vapor Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Wu Chia-Wen , Pang Jie-Bin , Kuwabara Makoto
Published: October 2002

The phase transformation from lamellar to 2-dimensional (2D) hexagonal structure has been observed in mesostructured silica thin films, synthesized using a self-assembly triblock copolymer (EO20PO70EO20, P123) as a template, during heat treatment under water vapor hydrothermal conditions.
Formation of Amino Acids from Possible Interstellar Media by γ-rays and UV Irradiation
Authors: Takano Yoshinori , Masuda Hitomi , Kaneko Takeo , Kobayashi Kensei
Published: October 2002

Formation of amino acids from mixtures of methanol, ammonia and water in various phases by γ-rays and UV irradiation were quantitatively verified. A wide variety of amino acids were detected in every hydrosate of the product. Each G-value (the number of formed molecules per deposit energy of 100 eV) was around 10−2 order, which was independent from the phase of the starting materials and kind of the energy.
Contextualized Language Instruction to Support Multilingual Learners of English for Academic Writing
Authors: Maamuujav Undarmaa , Olson Carol Booth
Published: January 2025

Inequitable educational opportunities and academic literacy challenges are pressing issues facing many multilingual learners of English (MLEs) who represent underrepresented populations, including language‐minority, low‐income, immigrant, and first‐generation college students in a secondary education context. These students need additional language support within an amplified literacy curriculum to develop academic writing skills. Contextualized language instruction integrated within a literacy‐rich curriculum that engages students in close reading and analytical writing is the key to supporting MLEs to develop language skills for effective writing. Teachers can help students develop a deeper and critical understanding of language at the word, sentence, and discourse levels through the use of a cognitive strategies approach to literacy instruction that promotes understanding of how language is used for text construction (reading) and production (writing). Such language support is vital for MLEs to access equitable educational opportunities and to overcome academic literacy challenges.
Self‐Assembled Monolayer Assisted Biphasic Heterojunction Organic Photodiode for Panel‐Level Manufacturing of Active‐Matrix Optical Imager
Authors: Shan Tong , Li Jun , Bai Qing , Zhang Ming , Shi Rongrong , Zhong Hongliang , He Bin , Li Shunpu , Guo Xiaojun
Published: January 2025

Organic photodiodes (OPDs) have shown great promises for large‐area optical imagers attributed to ease of processing and tunable performance in a wide wavelength range. A biphasic heterojunction (BPHJ) OPD design, having a bulky heterojunction structure on top of a monophasic donor layer, is proposed in this work. The BPHJ structure is spontaneously formed on a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) treated indium tin oxide surface by depositing the donor and acceptor layers sequentially. The fabricated OPDs present significantly reduced dark current and meanwhile improved specific detectivity with a larger linear dynamic range and faster response compared to the conventional devices. This strategy is proved to be universal to various donor/acceptor combinations, covering a wide range of wavelength from visible to near‐infrared. Such a BPHJ structure is well compatible for the back‐end‐of‐line integration processes on top of the TFT backplane from the semiconductor display fab. An active‐matrix imager with an ultralow detection limit can reproduce ideal image quality under an ultra‐low light intensity of nW cm−2 level.
Optical Hydrogen Sensing Materials for Applications at Sub‐Zero Temperatures
Authors: Yuan Ziqing , Schreuders Herman , Dankelman Robert , Dam Bernard , Bannenberg Lars J.
Published: January 2025

Optical hydrogen sensors have the power to reliably detect hydrogen in an inherently safe way, which is crucial to ensure safe operation and prevent emissions of hydrogen as an indirect greenhouse gas. These sensors rely on metal hydride material that can reversibly absorb hydrogen when it is present in the environment, and as a result, change their optical properties. To apply this technology along hydrogen infrastructure, in hydrogen‐powered planes and other vehicles, it is crucial that these sensors can operate down to −60 °C, a challenge so far unaddressed. Here, it is showed that metal hydride hydrogen sensing materials can be used to detect hydrogen optically down to −60 °C in just a couple of seconds and across a hydrogen concentration range of 0.02–100% with a 1% change in transmission per order of magnitude change in hydrogen concentration. The in‐situ X‐ray diffraction and optical transmission measurements show that Ta, Ta88Pd12, Ta88Ru12, and Pd60Au40 can gradually, reversibly and hysteresis‐free absorb hydrogen while providing sufficient optical contrast. Specifically, Ta88Ru12 possesses the largest optical contrast and the swiftest response down to 6 s at −60 °C. These results confirm the operational viability and foretell new applications of metal hydride hydrogen sensing in cold conditions.
Seawater Interfacial Evaporation in Composite Gel Enables Photovoltaic Cooling, Simultaneous Seawater Desalination, and Enhanced Uranium Extraction
Authors: Su Yuqing , Gu Ruonan , Li Yangxi , Wu Wei , Yu Zhen , Cheng Shaoan
Published: January 2025

Overheating of photovoltaic (PV) panels poses a huge challenge to their practical operation. Herein, a novel design is proposed that uses seawater interfacial evaporation to integrate PV cooling, seawater desalination, and uranium extraction. The sodium alginate (SA) gel with uranium adsorbent filled is utilized to verify the efficacy of this design. As light intensity increases from 0.5 to 1.5 suns, the evaporation rate of doped SA gel rises from 0.98 to 2.62 kg m−2 h−1, and the output gain of the PV panel increases from 4.9 to 13.1% owing to the cooling effect of this gel. Additionally, a high uranium adsorption ratio exceeding 90% in 50 mg L−1 uranium solution or seawater is obtained under 1 sun (in‐lab). The outdoor experiments imply that the composite gel can lower the surface temperature of the PV panel by up to 12 °C, with a maximum output gain of 8%. Meanwhile, a high uranium capacity of 6 mg g−1 over 10 days is also obtained. In summary, our work shows a meaningful solution for multiple uses of seawater resources and energy through offshore PV platforms.
Bioengineering Strategies for Treating Neointimal Hyperplasia in Peripheral Vasculature: Innovations and Challenges
Authors: Wilson John Nikita , Dang Caitlyn , Reddy Nidhi , Chao Calvin , Ho Karen J. , Jiang Bin
Published: January 2025

Neointimal hyperplasia, a pathological response to arterial interventions or injury, often leads to restenosis and recurrent narrowing or occlusion, particularly in the peripheral vasculature. Its prevalence and negative impact on the long‐term success of vascular interventions have driven extensive research aimed at better understanding the condition and developing effective therapies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of emerging bioengineering strategies for treating neointimal hyperplasia in peripheral vessels. These approaches include novel therapeutics and cell‐based technologies designed to promote re‐endothelialization, modulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype, reduce inflammation, scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhance biomechanical compatibility between grafts and native vessels. Furthermore, advanced therapeutic delivery modalities are highlighted for their potential to achieve targeted, localized treatment at injury sites. This review also explores underrepresented therapeutic targets beyond traditional approaches, offering new opportunities for intervention. The multifaceted examination underscores the challenge of neointimal hyperplasia and presents a promising roadmap toward more effective treatments, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes after vascular interventions.
Tissue Mimetic Membranes for Healing Augmentation of Tendon–Bone Interface in Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Zhu Yuwei , Dai Bingyang , Zhang Shian , Liu Jun , Xu Shunxiang , Liu Weiyang , Chen Xin , Zhang Haozhi , Li Quan , Pang Florence Ou‐Suet , Li Weiguo , Wen Chunyi , Qin Ling , Xu Jiankun , Ngai To
Published: January 2025

The globally prevalent rotator cuff tear has a high re‐rupture rate, attributing to the failure to reproduce the interfacial fibrocartilaginous enthesis. Herein, a hierarchically organized membrane is developed that mimics the heterogeneous anatomy and properties of the natural enthesis and finely facilitates the reconstruction of tendon–bone interface. A biphasic membrane consisting of a microporous layer and a mineralized fibrous layer is constructed through the non‐solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) strategy followed by a co‐axial electrospinning procedure. Cationic kartogenin (KGN)‐conjugated nanogel (nGel‐KGN) and osteo‐promotive struvite are incorporated within the membranes in a region‐specific manner. During in vivo repair, the nGel‐KGN‐functionalized microporous layer is adjacent to the tendon which intends to suppress scar tissue formation at the lesion and simultaneously heightens chondrogenesis. Meanwhile, the struvite‐containing fibrous layer covers the tubercula minus to enhance stem cell aggregation and bony ingrowth. Such tissue‐specific features and spatiotemporal release behaviors contribute to effective guidance of specific defect‐healing events at the transitional region, further leading to the remarkably promoted regenerative outcome in terms of the fibrocartilaginous tissue formation, collagen fiber alignment, and optimized functional motion of rotator cuff. These findings render a novel biomimetic membrane as a promising material for clinical rotator cuff repair.
A Bifunctional Lysosome‐Targeting Chimera Nanoplatform for Tumor‐Selective Protein Degradation and Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xing Yumeng , Li Jingjing , Wang Leyuan , Zhu Zhihui , Yan Jian , Liu Yang , Liu Qi
Published: January 2025

Lysosome‐targeting chimeras (LYTACs) have recently emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for degrading extracellular and membrane‐associated pathogenic proteins by hijacking lysosome‐targeting receptors. However, the antitumor performance of LYTAC is limited by its insufficient tumor accumulation and nonspecific activation. Additionally, the synergistic effects of LYTACs and other therapeutic modalities are crucial. To address these issues, a bifunctional LYTAC nanoplatform (NLTC) is developed for tumor‐selective protein degradation and enhanced cancer immunotherapy. By rationally controlling the surface composition, the NLTC can effectively transport extracellular or membrane proteins into lysosomes for degradation via cation‐independent mannose 6‐phosphate receptors. With removable surface modification, an NLTC is obtained that efficiently accumulated in tumor tissues and avoided on‐target off‐tumor toxicity. Moreover, the synthesis method of NLTC is generally applicable to various enzymes. Thus, catalase (CAT) is encapsulated with NLTC to synergistically degrade cancer cell surface programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1), relieve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for effective cancer immunotherapy, and significantly inhibit tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis in B16F10‐bearing mice. This work presents a bifunctional LYTAC nanoplatform that can not only perform tissue‐selective protein degradation but also integrate other therapeutic modalities, providing insights into the design of advanced LYTAC technologies for clinical applications.
Ultrafast Li‐Rich Transport in Composite Solid‐State Electrolytes
Authors: Liao Yu‐Long , Wang Xi‐Long , Yuan Hong , Li Yong‐Jian , Xu Chun‐Ming , Li Shuai , Hu Jiang‐Kui , Yang Shi‐Jie , Deng Fang , Liu Jia , Huang Jia‐Qi
Published: January 2025

Solid‐state lithium (Li) metal batteries (SSLMBs) have garnered considerable attention due to their potential for high energy density and intrinsic safety. However, their widespread development has been hindered by the low ionic conductivity of solid‐state electrolytes. In this contribution, a novel Li‐rich transport mechanism is proposed to achieve ultrafast Li‐ion conduction in composite solid‐state electrolytes. By incorporating cation‐deficient dielectric nanofillers into polymer matrices, it is found that negatively charged cation defects effectively intensify the adsorption of Li ions, resulting in a high Li‐ion concentration enrichment on the surface of fillers. More importantly, these formed Li‐rich layers are interconnected to establish continuous ultrafast Li‐ion transport networks. The composite electrolyte exhibited a remarkably low ion transport activation energy (0.17 eV) and achieved an unprecedented ionic conductivity of approaching 1 × 10⁻3 S cm⁻1 at room temperature. The Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mo0.1O2 full cells demonstrated an extended cycling life of over 200 cycles with a capacity retention of 70.7%. This work provides a fresh insight into improving Li‐ion transport by constructing interconnected Li‐rich transport networks, paving the way for the development of high‐performance SSLMBs.
DNA Polymerase IV dinB Favors the Adaptive Fitness of mcr‐carrying Bacteria Through a Negative Feedback Regulatory Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Haijie , Xiao Xia , Wang Chenlong , Zhao Yurong , Chen Bo , Ji Xinyuan , Gu Lina , Wang Jie , Wang Zhiqiang , Liu Yuan
Published: January 2025

The plasmid‐borne resistance gene mcr drastically undermines the effectiveness of colistin, posing a substantial threat to public health. Although several key plasmid elements that balance mcr‐1 persistence and bacterial growth are identified, the regulatory interactions between mcr‐1 and host bacteria remain poorly understood. Using a genome‐wide CRISPRi crRNA library, it is identified that DNA polymerase IV, dinB, is essential for controlling the fitness cost associated with mcr‐1 in Escherichia coli. The absence of dinB operon enhances mcr‐1‐mediated colistin resistance but simultaneously compromises bacterial growth and competitiveness. Meanwhile, dinB deficiency mitigates inflammatory response in RAW267.4 cells and enhances bacterial colonization in murine tissues. Further investigation reveals that mcr‐1 actively upregulates dinB expression, with the increased reactive oxygen species induced by mcr‐1 being crucial for this activation.   These findings suggest that dinB modulates mcr expression and bacterial fitness via a negative feedback regulatory mechanism. Leveraging this regulatory relationship, a Toxin‐Intein is engineered under the control of dinB promoter to selectively target and kill mcr‐positive E. coli both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the work uncovers a novel adaptive mechanism underlying mcr persistence and provides a precise antimicrobial strategy to combat antibiotic‐resistant pathogens.
Highly Efficient and Durable Ammonia Electrolysis Cell Using Zirfon Separator
Authors: Shin Haeyong , Jung Sang‐Mun , Lim Young Jin , Yim O‐Jung , Lee Byung‐Jo , Kim Kyu‐Su , Baek In‐Ho , Baek Jinwoo , Lee Jinhyeon , Kim Yong‐Tae
Published: January 2025

Most studies on ammonia electrolysis have focused on anion exchange membranes (AEMs), which face limitations in operating conditions, such as pH and ammonia concentration. This study introduces a novel concept of an ammonia electrolysis cell (AEC) utilizing a Zirfon separator capable of operating under high pH and ammonia concentrations. The Zirfon‐based AECs achieve a peak current density of 915 mA cm−2, representing the highest reported value in AEC literature. Additionally, the Zirfon separator exhibits less conductivity degradation than AEMs during cycling tests (Zirfon 14.1%, AEMs 30.2%), demonstrating superior durability of the Zirfon‐based AEC.
In Operando Visualization of Charge Transfer Dynamics in Transition Metal Compounds on Water Splitting Photoanodes
Authors: Ning Xingming , Zhang Shengya , Yin Dan , Du Peiyao , Lu Xiaoquan
Published: January 2025

Solar‐driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting provides a highly promising solution for converting solar energy to chemical fuels. The semiconductor (SC) based photoanode often exhibits enhanced PEC performance when coated with a transition metal compound (TMC) overlayer that is merely regarded as a cocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the origin of this improvement and the distinct roles of TMCs remain controversial topics. This is mainly due to a lack of advanced characterization techniques that can in operando capture the photogenerated charge transfer dynamics in such multicomponent SC/TMC systems. Herein, how the aforementioned issue can be addressed using in situ visualization characterization is presented, i.e., scanning photoelectrochemical microscopy (SPECM), and ultraviolet/visible‐spectroelectrochemistry (UV/vis‐SEC). By employing these techniques to BiVO4 (BV) combined with various TMCs (e.g., CoPi, Ni(OH)x, and Fe(OH)x), it is found that in addition to the superior OER activity of TMC overlayers, special attention should be paid to the fast hole transfer dynamics, especially for achieving the desirable PEC performance. As expected, further loading iron‐nickel oxyhydroxide (FeNi‐H) layer onto the BV/Fe(OH)x photoanodes (relatively fast hole transfer ability), the BV/Fe(OH)x/FeNi‐H achieves the highest photocurrent density among all counterparts.
Photochemical Conversion of Indazoles into Benzimidazoles
Authors: Leonori Daniele , dos Santos Thiago , Buettner Cornelia S. , Yildiz Dilara Berna , Mamone Martina , Ruffoni Alessandro
Published: January 2025

Fragment‐based drug discovery relies on preparing diverse libraries of advanced building blocks, often incorporating heteroaromatic motifs. Altering the core of heteroaromatics to maximise library diversity typically requires de novo synthesis of each system. This can be often challenging when specific substitution patterns are needed. Here, we introduce a photochemical strategy for the direct permutation of 1H‐ and 2H‐indazoles into benzimidazoles. This transformation exploits the distinct photochemical properties of these heteroaromatics and proceeds under mild conditions. Through systematic experimental and computational studies, we have elucidated a two‐step mechanism involving excited‐state tautomerization of 1H‐indazoles, followed by photochemical rearrangement of the resulting 2H‐isomers. This approach demonstrates broad substrate scope, high yields, and compatibility with a variety of functional groups. This method can expand the structural diversity of heterocycle‐based libraries through the concept of chemical permutation for heteroaromatic interconversion.
Reconfiguring Terminal Species of Bituminous Coal to Steer Hard Carbon toward High‐Capacity and Fast Sodium Storage
Authors: Huang Yaxin , Hou Zhidong , Wang Jianfang , Li Yongli , Ma Ting , Nan Ding , Wei Chunguang , Wang Jian‐Gan
Published: January 2025

Hard carbons derived from coal precursors have shown bright industrial prospect as the low cost anode materials of sodium‐ion batteries. However, it is of extreme necessity yet challenge to regulate carbon microstructure toward superior sodium energy storage. In this study, we propose a powerful chemical reconfiguration tactic to steer hard carbons toward high‐capacity and fast sodium storage. The functional species on the edge/plane terminals of bituminous coal are finely reconfigured by nitri‐oxidation treatment for effectively inhibiting the reordering of carbon layers under high temperature, thereby creating rich ultramicropores/closed pores and expanded interlayer spacing. These structural merits enable the hard carbon to garner an enhanced capacity of 356 mAh g−1 along with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 88.1 % and long lifespan. More impressively, the sodium storage kinetics is substantially sped up with a large capacity of 215 mAh g−1 retained at a high‐rate of 2 A g−1. This work will afford a fresh methodology for precursor modulation to accelerate the real‐world practice of hard carbons toward advanced sodium‐ion batteries.
Oligomerized Electron Acceptors with Alkynyl Linkages to Suppress Electron‐Photon Coupling for Low‐Energy‐Loss Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Fan , Fang Haisheng , Guo Erqin , Xiao Chengyi , Lu Ziheng , Wang Yuwen , Fan Haiyun , Zhang Andong , Lai Wenbin , Li Weiwei
Published: January 2025

A novel series of alkynyl‐linked oligomerized electron acceptors have been synthesized via Sonogashira coupling. The alkynyl linkages can enhance molecular planarity and aggregation, suppress electron‐phonon coupling, and reduce non‐radiative losses. Binary organic solar cells (OSCs) achieved an efficiency of 17.90%, with a non‐radiative loss of 0.185 eV, while ternary OSCs reached a remarkable efficiency of 19.52%. Oligomerized electron acceptors, featuring molecular weights akin to polymers and well‐defined chemical structures, have emerged as promising candidates for organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their consistent batch‐to‐batch reproducibility and improved thermal stability. In this study, we developed a series of oligomerized electron acceptors incorporating alkynyl linkages via an efficient Sonogashira coupling reaction between alkyne‐substituted Y‐type precursors and multi‐substituted iodobenzenes. This method produced monomeric (S‐Alkyne‐YF), dimeric (D‐Alkyne‐YF), and trimeric (T‐Alkyne‐YF) configurations, enabling systematic control over molecular size and substituent arms. The alkynyl linkages, characterized by high bond strength and planar geometry, enhanced molecular planarity and aggregation in films, thus facilitating precise control over morphology and phase separation in the photoactive layers. Notably, the inclusion of these linkages effectively suppressed electron‐phonon coupling, resulting in reduced non‐radiative energy losses and elevated photocarrier lifetime. OSCs based on PM6:T‐Alkyne‐YF achieved a power conversion efficiency of 17.90%, a low non‐radiative energy loss of 0.185 eV, and an open‐circuit voltage of 0.943 V. Furthermore, integrating T‐Alkyne‐YF into the D18:N3 blend yielded an exceptional PCE of 19.52%. These results underscore the potential of alkynyl‐linked oligomerized acceptors in advancing highly efficient and stable OSCs, offering a viable pathway for reducing electron‐phonon coupling and enhancing device performance.
Preparation and Properties of Reprocessable Phenolic Resin Based on Modification of Long‐Chain Isocyanate
Authors: Ya'nan Wang , Fengxiang Cao , Wentao Ren , Kunyao Wu , Qiufeng Wang , Zhao Li
Published: January 2025

Phenolic resin has high heat resistance and excellent mechanical properties, and its cross‐linked network structure shows excellent mechanical properties after curing. However, it is difficult to recycle the cross‐linked phenolic resin because of its insoluble and infusible features. In order to make the phenolic resin recyclable and reprocessable, we introduced polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (PAPI) into the phenolic resin, made the phenol hydroxyl group react with the isocyanate group to form reversible dynamic covalent bond, and prepared the modified phenolic resin (PANR). The structure, thermal stability, mechanical properties, fracture morphology and reprocessable of PANR were characterized. The results showed that when PAPI was introduced into NR, the successfully cross‐linked to form dynamic covalent bonds. DSC showed that the glass transition temperature of PANR was as high as 175°C, and TGA showed that the mass retention rate of PANR was still about 40% at 800°C. The tensile strength of PANR is 14.7 MPa, and its tensile strength and chemical properties remain more than 95% of the original mechanical properties after five cycles, which successfully realizes the recovery and reprocessing of cured phenolic resin. PANR is expected to be used in the reprocessing of phenolic resin.
Impact of a Nurse Navigator Program on Referral Rates and Use of Fertility Preservation Among Female Cancer Patients: A 14‐Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Naert Mackenzie , Sorouri Kimia , Lanes Andrea , Kempf Abigail M. , Chen Lucy , Goldman Randi , Partridge Ann H. , Ginsburg Elizabeth , Srouji Serene S. , Walker Zachary
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Given the known detrimental impact of cancer treatment on fertility, fertility preservation (FP) is recommended for reproductive age patients who are newly diagnosed with cancer. However, the rate of referral to fertility specialists remains suboptimal. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a dedicated Nurse Navigator Program (NNP) on the rate of referrals and utilization of FP services.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of all women ≥ 18 years old referred for FP consultation with a known cancer diagnosis from 2007 to 2021 at a single, large academic center was conducted. FP referrals for non‐cancer indications were excluded. Descriptive statistics were performed including comparing referrals received per 30 days and FP utilization rates pre‐NNP (October 2007–September 2013) to post‐NNP (October 2013–December 2021).

Results

A total of 176 patients were included pre‐NNP and 990 patients post‐NNP. Overall, the mean age at the time of referral was 31.5 ± 6.9 years. The referral rates post‐NNP were higher among those without prior exposure to chemotherapy/radiation (0.33 pre‐NNP vs. 2.75 post‐NNP per 30 days, p < 0.01) and lower among those with prior exposure to chemotherapy/radiation (1.26 pre‐NNP vs. 0.70 post‐NNP per 30 days, p < 0.01).

Conclusions

After the launch of a dedicated fertility preservation nurse navigation program at our institution, we observed a higher number of referrals for FP as well as greater use of FP overall. While not the only variable that changed during this period, this program has optimized patient care and clinical workflow at our institution and serves as a model for such improvement.
A Water‐Stable Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework (HOF) for Selective Sensing of Antibiotics in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sahoo Rupam , Mariya Tedy Annette , Manna Arun K. , Das Madhab C.
Published: January 2025

Although metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been extensively used as fluorescent‐based antibiotic sensors, newly developed hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are largely unexplored toward this direction. To realize this, the luminescent HOFs must be stable in water as the analytes are mostly found in water‐based effluents in environments. In addition, HOFs should be equipped with specific recognition sites in order to direct the discrimination among the antibiotics. Herein, we report a 3D porous HOF, IITKGP‐HOF‐6, constructed from an aromatic‐rich tetratopic carboxylic acid (H4L), which exhibits excellent hydro and prolonged open‐air stability (7 and 15 days, respectively). IITKGP‐HOF‐6 was explored for the highly selective detection of nitrofurans (NFs) family of antibiotics in aqueous medium exhibiting a remarkably low detection limit of 0.75 μM for nitrofurazone (NFZ) through luminescence quenching. Photoinduced electron transfer driven by the presence of low‐lying charge‐transfer excited state below to the
and Forster energy transfer between H4L donor and NFZ acceptor are confirmed to be responsible for observed quenching using detailed quantum‐chemical studies. This work demonstrates the usage of HOFs as sensory materials toward antibiotics in aqueous medium along with a clear understanding into the sensing mechanism at the molecular level.
Focus on the Holdrinet index: Toward blast quantification by flow cytometry
Authors: Bonneville Edouard , Jacob Marie‐Christine , Chevalier Simon , Pernollet Martine , Dumestre‐Perard Chantal , Clavarino Giovanna
Published: January 2025

Blast quantification in the bone marrow (BM) is crucial for evaluating myeloid neoplasms, with cytomorphology being the only recognized analysis. The CD34 myeloid cell (CD34M) count by flow cytometry is promising but impaired by BM hemodilution. A modified version of the Holdrinet index (mHI) is routinely used to assess it, though not yet validated. By analyzing two differently hemodiluted BM samples from 51 patients with suspicion of myelodysplasia, this study confirms mHI accuracy in assessing BM white blood cell purity. mHI‐adjusted count by flow cytometry of BM‐exclusive cell subsets, such as CD34 myeloid cells, may offer a reliable and practical alternative to cytomorphology analysis, independently from hemodilution.
Efficacy of Percutaneous Suture Suspension Biomaterials in Brow Lift: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shah Rashesh , Kumar Vaibhav , Shome Debraj , Kapoor Rinky , Tandel Harshal
Published: January 2025

Background

Aging is a global biological process characterized by degenerative changes in physiological systems, most notably a decrease in face muscle tone and soft tissue volume, which have a substantial impact on facial esthetics in the periorbital area. This systematic study assesses the clinical outcomes of different thread lifting procedures for brow rejuvenation, with an emphasis on safety, efficacy, and side effects.

Methods

To promote scientific rigor and transparency, this systematic review used the latest PRISMA‐E guidelines (2020). A thorough literature search was carried out using numerous databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, TRIP, and the Cochrane Library. The I2 value of 0.92 indicates significant variety in study designs, patient characteristics, and therapies.

Results

A total of 6 studies were included, with 419 patients in sample sizes ranging from 12 to 193 (mean = 69). Participants had an average age of 55 years (range: 21–89) and were monitored for 10–11 months. All investigations used standardized photographic assessments (100%). Ecchymosis and post‐procedural edema were the most common side effects observed, accounting for 83.4% of all cases. Notably, two‐thirds of the studies (66.7%) demonstrated a low risk of bias, indicating moderate methodological robustness and internal validity.

Conclusion

Thread lifting procedures for brow rejuvenation have a positive safety and efficacy profile, providing a viable nonsurgical alternative to established approaches. Future research, particularly large‐scale, long‐term randomized controlled trials, is critical for refining these strategies and developing evidence‐based clinical recommendations.
The Role of Serum Free Fatty Acids in Endothelium‐Dependent Microvascular Function
Authors: Sullivan Alexander E. , Courvan Meaghan C. S. , Aday Aaron W. , Wasserman David H. , Niswender Kevin D. , Shardelow Emily M. , Wells Emily K. , Wells Quinn S. , Freiberg Matthew S. , Beckman Joshua A.
Published: January 2025

Background

Elevated serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentration is associated with insulin resistance and is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. A pathological feature of insulin resistance is impaired endothelial function.

Objective

To investigate the effect of FFA reduction with either acipimox, a nicotinic acid derivative that impairs lipolysis, or salsalate, a salicylate that reduces basal and inflammation‐induced lipolysis, on insulin‐mediated endothelium‐dependent vasodilation.

Methods

This was a post hoc, combined analysis of two randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover trials. Sixteen subjects were recruited (6 with metabolic syndrome and 10 controls) and randomised to acipimox 250 mg orally every 6 h for 7 days or placebo. Nineteen subjects were recruited (13 with metabolic syndrome and 6 controls) and randomised to receive salsalate 4.5 g/day for 4 weeks or placebo. The primary outcome was the association between FFA concentration and insulin‐mediated vasodilation, measured by venous‐occlusion strain‐gauge plethysmography at baseline and following FFA modulation with the study drugs.

Results

At baseline, FFA concentration (R = −0.35, p = 0.043) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA‐IR: R = −0.42, p = 0.016, Adipo‐IR: R = −0.39, p = 0.025) predicted insulin‐mediated vasodilation. FFA levels were significantly reduced after drug pretreatment (0.604 vs. 0.491 mmol/L, p = 0.036) while insulin levels, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers were unchanged. Despite a reduction in circulating FFA with drug therapy, neither insulin‐stimulated vasodilation nor insulin sensitivity improved.

Conclusions

Short‐term reduction of FFA concentration does not improve insulin‐stimulated vasodilation in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00759291 and NCT00760019 (formerly NCT00762827)