bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recursos hídricos e gestão de conflitos: a bacia hidrográfica do rio Paraíba do Sul a partir da crise hídrica de 2014-2015
Authors: Cavalcanti Bianor Scelza , Marques Guilherme Ramon Garcia
Published: April 2019

Este artigo foi realizado com o intuito de analisar os conflitos no âmbito da bacia hidrográfica brasileira do rio Paraíba do Sul – na divisa entre os estados de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais –, a partir da eclosão da crise hídrica de 2014-2015. Para tal, trataremos da expressão política e institucional da bacia hidrográfica para, em seguida, avaliar seus respectivos mecanismos de gestão, tendo em vista as especificidades da gestão integrada e o uso compartilhado dos seus recursos. O artigo se fundamenta com base documental e bibliográfica, bem como na cobertura jornalística dos conflitos, decorrentes da proposta do governo de São Paulo de transposição do rio Paraíba do Sul como solução para a sua crise de abastecimento. A despeito de todos os mecanismos institucionais de gestão integrada e participação social, a resolução do conflito passaria pela atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal, em conjunto com os governadores dos estados, transcendendo as ideias originais de gestão de conflitos em nível de bacia.
Crescimento e desenvolvimento económico global sustentado
Authors: Maia Redento Pedro Carlos
Published: April 2019

Dá-se ênfase ao estudo da teoria do crescimento e desenvolvimento económico, discutindo estratégias de longo prazo, isto é, sobre as medidas que devem ser adoptadas para um crescimento económico equilibrado, realçando-se que a oferta ou produção agregada desempenha um papel importante na trajectória de longo prazo. Realça-se que crescimento económico é crescimento contínuo da renda per capita ao longo do tempo, ao passo que desenvolvimento económico, como conceito mais qualitativo, inclui as alterações da composição do produto e a alocação dos recursos pelos diferentes sectores da economia, de forma a melhorar os indicadores de bem-estar económico e social da população (pobreza, desemprego, desigualdade, condições de saúde, alimentação, educação e moradia).
Determinantes externos e internos da acumulação de capacidade tecnológica em empresas de bens de capital
Authors: Iacono Antonio , Nagano Marcelo Seido
Published: April 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os principais elementos determinantes externos e internos às empresas para o acúmulo de capacidade tecnológica em empresas do setor de bens de capital no Brasil. Para alcançar tais objetivos, realizou-se um estudo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, junto a 44 empresas do setor de bens de capital mecânico, localizadas na região sudeste do país. O desdobramento em elementos internos e externos possibilitou a avaliação dos esforços internos realizados pelas empresas e as limitações postas pelos condicionantes externos que atuam no processo de acúmulo de capacidade tecnológica. Os resultados mostram que em todas as dimensões as características apresentadas condicionam as empresas a uma baixa competitividade, seja por preço ou por diferenciação tecnológica.
Priorização de projetos de TI através da modelagem do processo e utilização do método PROMETHEE
Authors: Mussa Munir de Sá , Cordeiro Renata Gomes , Freitas Rafael Leite de , Hora Henrique Rego Monteiro da , Silva Simone Vasconcelos
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho apresenta um método para a priorização de novos projetos de tecnologia da informação (TI) utilizando um método de análise multicritério e uma modelagem do processo de negócio utilizando a Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). Foi utilizado como estudo de caso o setor de TI de uma instituição de ensino. De início foi modelado o processo de priorização de novos projetos do setor, em seguida, foi realizado o levantamento de critérios, atribuição de pesos e valores, divididos entre duas avaliações: gestão e TI. Através da execução do método PROMETHEE, é obtido um ranking utilizando como exemplo seis projetos do setor de TI. São, ainda, apresentados separadamente dois rankings com as avaliações da gestão e da TI a fim de comparação. A análise dos resultados permite concluir que é viável a utilização de um processo bem definido na gestão de portfólio de projetos.
O papel dos consultores como intermediários no processo de construção do conhecimento. Uma análise à luz do campo de pesquisa da estratégia como prática
Authors: Costa Renato Lopes da , António Nelson José dos Santos
Published: April 2019

Embora a literatura existente apelide o setor de consultoria de gestão como um setor extraordinário e um fenómeno único no contexto empresarial, na verdade, estas afirmações não vêm acompanhadas por um número de estudos académicos que realcem a importância do trabalho efetivo dos consultores de gestão. Para combater a falta de estudos nesta área emergente, este artigo visa construir um modelo que permita combinar, numa mesma estrutura, os papéis dos consultores de gestão, as variáveis a equacionar em cada um destes papéis e o tipo de consultoria implícita em cada uma destas análises. Os resultados da análise empírica sob a forma de entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionários aplicados a consultores de gestão e gestores de PME em Portugal demonstram que os papéis dos consultores não podem ser apenas definidos nas variáveis visibilidade organizacional e estatuto do consultor.
“Swedishness” no local de trabalho: Um estudo de caso sobre percepções de transferências culturais numa multinacional sueca e na sua subsidiária portuguesa
Authors: Barroso Margarida Martins
Published: April 2019

Através da análise da IKEA, empresa multinacional de origem sueca, e da sua subsidiária portuguesa, este artigo debate como as assunções sobre cultura nacional são usadas para justificar práticas de trabalho e como são percebidas pelos gestores. A pesquisa baseou-se na análise de documentação da empresa e em 16 entrevistas em profundidade com gestores nos dois países. Os resultados demonstram uma forte incorporação da cultura nacional e organizacional na imagem da empresa e nas narrativas dos gestores. Tanto os portugueses, como os suecos, reconhecem uma forte associação entre a cultura nacional (sueca) e organizacional na empresa, mas os portugueses tendem a integrar a “Swedishness” da organização de forma mais evidente. O estudo aponta para processos particulares de formação, transmissão, disseminação e recepção de cultura, influenciados pelas circunstâncias materiais e simbólicas dos países envolvidos.
Patient-centered benefit-risk analysis of transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Marsh Kevin , Hawken Natalia , Brookes Ella , Kuehn Carrie , Liden Barry
Published: April 2019

Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) treatments include surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Choosing between SAVR and TAVR requires patients to trade-off several benefits and risks. The objective of this research was to determine which outcomes associated with TAVR and SAVR patients consider most important, collect quantitative data about how patients weigh these benefits and risks, and evaluate patients’ preferences for SAVR or TAVR.

Methods: Patients with aortic stenosis were recruited from advocacy organization databases. An online adapted swing weighting (ASW) method was used to elicit attribute tradeoffs from 93 patients. The ASW exercise consisted of a series of pairwise comparisons of attributes. Survey data were used to estimate the weight that patients put on the AS treatment attributes, which were incorporated into a quantitative benefit-risk analysis (BRA) to evaluate patients’ preferences for TAVR and SAVR.

Results: On average, patients put greater value on attributes that favored TAVR than SAVR. The value patients placed on the lower short-term mortality rate, reduced procedural invasiveness, and quicker time to return to normal quality of life associated with TAVR, offset the value they placed on the time over which SAVR has been proven to work. There was substantial heterogeneity in patients’ preferences. This was partly explained by age, with differences in preference observed between patients <60 years to those ≥60 years. A Monte Carlo Simulation found that 75.1% of patients prefer TAVR.

Conclusions: Most AS patients are willing to tolerate sizable increases in clinical risk in exchange for the benefits of TAVR, resulting in a large proportion of patients preferring TAVR to SAVR. Further work should be undertaken to characterize the heterogeneity in preferences for AS treatment attributes. Shared decision-making tools based on attributes important to patients can support patients’ selection of the procedure that best meets their needs.
Does digoxin cause more harm than good?
Authors: Reed Grace
Published: April 2019

Background:

The most recent British National Formulary recommends digoxin therapy for patients with heart failure (HF) and/or supraventricular arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter. The positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects of the drug are undoubtedly desirable when managing these conditions, yet the use of digoxin is decreasing in popularity among prescribers.

Aim:

The aim of this literature review is to evaluate the use of digoxin for treating HF and/or AF. It will highlight the benefits of digoxin as well as its potential risks. These should be considered by all prehospital staff when assessing patients who are prescribed digoxin.

Conclusions:

Digoxin has shown positive outcomes for reducing hospital admissions for patients with HF and/or AF. However, clinicians should be aware of the narrow therapeutic index, which results in a high incidence of digoxin toxicity. The adverse effects of digoxin use should be considered during prehospital assessment, inclusive of pro-arrhythmic and thromboembolic complications. Whether digoxin may result in harm depends on the age, underlying pathology and renal function of each individual patient.
A novel trans-amination process in 3-arylamino- 5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one with nucleophiles and antimicrobial activity of selected products
Authors: El Ashry El Sayed H. , Awad Laila Fathy , Abd Al Moaty Mohamed Nabil , Bdeewy Omayma Kh.
Published: April 2019

Reaction of dimedone with arylamines afforded the respective enaminones. Some N-acetyl derivatives were prepared. The reaction of enaminones with hydroxylamine was found to be dependent on the nature of the arylamine moiety and the molar ratio of hydroxylamine to give the mono-, di- or tri-oximes. Cyclization of the trioxime by acetic anhydride gave dihydrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4(5H)-one-5-O-acetyloxime. Coupling of the synthesized enaminones with benzene diazonium chloride gave 2,4-bis-phenylhydrazones or a mixture of 2-mono hydrazones and bis-hydrazones depending on the nature of the arylamine moiety. Trans-amination of the arylamine of the bis hydrazones with hydroxylamine gave the same1,3-bis oxime derivative. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR spectra. The antimicrobial activity of some selected products showed promising results.
Solubility in the ternary system MgCl2-FeCl2-H2O at 288 K by conductance method
Authors: Marrouche Abdelkhalek , Bouargane Brahim , Mabrouk Assia , Biyoune Mohamed Ghali , Bachar Ahmed , Atbir Ali , Boukbir Larbi , Mançour-Billah Saíd , Bellajrou Raddoine , El Hadek Miloud
Published: April 2019

Experimental studies on the solubility of the ternary system MgCl2-FeCl2-H2O at 288 K were determined using a synthetic method based on conductivity measurements. The corresponding solid-liquid phase diagram has been plotted. As can be concluded in the ternary system at 288 K, there are two eutectic points, three crystallization fields corresponding to MgCl2.6H2O, FeCl2.4H2O and solid solution Fe(1-x)MgxCl2.10H2O) with 0 < x ≤ 0.38 were found. However, no double salt has been formed at the studied temperature.
Valorization of the essential oil of Zingiber officinale by its Use as inhibitor against the corrosion of the carbon steel in acid medium hydrochloric acid 1M
Authors: Mouhsine Galai , Tarfaoui K. , Ouakki M. , Nehiri M. , Ebn Touhami M. , Barhada N. , Ouhssine M
Published: April 2019

In this work, we are interested in the study of the protection of ordinary steel in acid medium (HCl) 1M by adding Zingiber officinale EO rhizomes essential oil at different concentrations: 0.5g / L, 1g / L, 1.5g / L and 2g / L.The technique used is an electrochemical technique based on the recording of intensity-potential curves in potentio-kinetic mode. The inhibitory action exerted by the essential oil is revealed by tracing the transient curves of the impedance Z to determine in a first step the percentage of inhibition and the stationary curve in order to confirm the first result.The main results have shown that the essential oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale) can slow down or inhibit corrosion in acid medium (hydrochloric acid), steel. The maximum percentage inhibition is 96%. It should be noted that it is obtained with the concentration 1.5g / L of essential oil.
Oregano (Origanium Vulgare) Extract for Food Preservation and Improving Gastrointestinal Health
Authors: Veenstra Jacob P. , Johnson Jeremy J.
Published: April 2019

The Mediterranean diet has long been known to provide a variety of health benefits including cardiovascular protection, cancer prevention, and lowering gastrointestinal inflammation. Oregano (Origanium vulgare) is an herb prominent in the Mediterranean diet, and has been shown to possess several bioactive properties including anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. The anti-oxidant and anti-microbial properties of oregano also make it a strong candidate as a natural food preservative. Because of the recent public concern with synthetic food preservatives, natural alternatives are increasingly being evaluated for effective food preservation. Oregano extract (OE) and essential oil (OEO) are two such agents that have shown promise as natural food preservatives. Additionally, oregano is being evaluated for its positive effect on gastrointestinal health, suggesting an additional benefit of food preservation with oregano. This review will describe in vitro studies related to the anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties of oregano along with food preservation studies with oregano in various model food matrices. The major phytochemical content reported for OE and OEO will also be outlined to highlight the importance of characterizing the extract that is used, since the extraction process can have a significant effect on the phytochemicals therein. Finally, in vivo studies that investigate the gastrointestinal health benefits of oregano, specifically against inflammation, will be addressed to describe the role of oregano on gastrointestinal health.
Differential diagnosis between autoimmune thyrotoxicosis and thyroid hormone resistance syndrome: clinical case report
Authors: Mazurina Natalya V. , Troshina Ekaterina A. , Chukhacheva Olga S.
Published: April 2019

We report a case of 50-year-old woman with thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. For 20 years this patient have been treated for autoimmune thyrotoxicosis: she underwent thyroid surgery and then was on thyroid-blocking therapy. Repeated laboratory tests demonstrated elevated serum thyroid hormones concentrations and elevated TSH concentration. Inappropriate TSH secretion became the reason for conducting further investigations. In those cases, the diagnostic approach is complicated and cases may be referred as a syndrome of thyroid hormones resistance or as a pituitary mass. Results of magnetic resonance imaging as well as results of octreotide test did not confirm TSH-producing pituitary adenoma. Lack of consistent thyrotoxicosis symptoms and normal level of biochemical markers that reflect peripheral tissue response to excessive thyroid hormones action were regarded as an evidence for thyroid hormones resistance syndrome. In cases of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome, there is no reduction in thyroid hormones after octreotide administration and we could observe it in our patient. Thereby clinical data and laboratory tests supported the diagnosis of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. To establish definitive diagnosis and to verify genetic cause of the disease we performed direct sequencing of the THRB gene exons 910.
Co się stało z konfessyjonistą? Dzieje leksemu w polszczyźnie
Authors: Michalska-Górecka Paulina
Published: April 2019

The history of the lexeme konfessyjonista shows that the word is a neologism that functioned in the literature of the sixteenth century in connection with religious documents/books, such as the Protestant confessions. Formally and semantically, it refers to Confessio Augustana, also to her Polish translations, and to the Konfesja sandomierska, as well as konfessyja as a kind of genre. In the Reformation and Counter-Reformation period, the word konfessyja was needed by the Protestants; the word konfessyjonista was derived from him by the Catholics for their needs. The lexeme had an offensive tone and referred to a confessional supporter as a supporter of the Reformation. Perhaps the oldest of his certifications comes from an anonymous text from 1561, the year in which two Polish translations of Augustana were announced. The demand for a konfessyjonista noun probably did not go beyond the 16th century, its notations come only from the 60s, 70s and 80s of this century.
Metadata Challenges for Long Tail Research Data Infrastructures
Authors: Limani Fidan , Latif Atif , Borst Timo , Tochtermann Klaus
Published: April 2019

Research Data has emerged as a 1st class research citizen, providing prospects for new services, projects, and ultimately users. In the context of long tail research data, we aim to make this data available to researchers across disciplines via a set of metadata-based services. The metadata component – GeRDI schema – represents one of the key challenges faced in this undertaking.
Space-Time Discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin Methods for Linear Wave Equations in Heterogeneous Media
Authors: Ernesti Johannes , Wieners Christian
Published: April 2019

We establish an abstract space-time DPG framework for the
approximation of linear waves in heterogeneous media. The estimates
are based on a suitable variational setting in the energy space. The
analysis combines the approaches for acoustic waves of Gopalakrishnan–Sepulveda [J. Gopalakrishnan and P. Sepulveda,
A space-time DPG method for the wave equation in multiple dimensions,
Space-Time Methods. Applications to Partial Differential Equations,
Radon Ser. Comput. Appl. Math. 21,
Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2019, 129–154]
and Ernesti–Wieners [J. Ernesti and C. Wieners,
A space-time discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin method for acoustic waves,
Space-Time Methods. Applications to Partial Differential Equations,
Radon Ser. Comput. Appl. Math. 21,
Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2019, 99–127]
and is based on the abstract definition of traces on the skeleton of
the time-space substructuring. The method is evaluated by large-scale
parallel computations motivated from applications in seismic imaging,
where the computational domain can be restricted substantially to a subset
of the full space-time cylinder.
Fast Integration of DPG Matrices Based on Sum Factorization for all the Energy Spaces
Authors: Mora Jaime , Demkowicz Leszek
Published: April 2019

Numerical integration of the stiffness matrix in higher-order finite element (FE) methods is recognized as one of the heaviest computational tasks in an FE solver.
The problem becomes even more relevant when computing the Gram matrix in the algorithm of the Discontinuous Petrov Galerkin (DPG) FE methodology.
Making use of 3D tensor-product shape functions, and the concept of sum factorization, known from standard high-order FE and spectral methods, here we take advantage of this idea for the entire exact sequence of FE spaces defined on the hexahedron.
The key piece to the presented algorithms is the exact sequence for the one-dimensional element, and use of hierarchical shape functions.
Consistent with existing results, the presented algorithms for the integration of

H
1

{H^{1}}

,

H
⁢

(
curl
)

{H(\operatorname{curl})}

,

H
⁢

(
div
)

{H(\operatorname{div})}

, and

L
2

{L^{2}}

inner products, have the

𝒪
⁢

(

p
7

)

{\mathcal{O}(p^{7})}

computational complexity in contrast to the

𝒪
⁢

(

p
9

)

{\mathcal{O}(p^{9})}

cost of conventional integration routines.
Use of Legendre polynomials for shape functions is critical in this implementation.
Three boundary value problems under different variational formulations, requiring combinations of

H
1

{H^{1}}

,

H
⁢

(
div
)

{H(\operatorname{div})}

and

H
⁢

(
curl
)

{H(\operatorname{curl})}

test shape functions, were chosen to experimentally assess the computation time for constructing DPG element matrices, showing good correspondence with the expected rates.
Gap theorem on Kähler manifolds with nonnegative orthogonal bisectional curvature
Authors: Ni Lei , Niu Yanyan
Published: April 2019

In this paper we prove a gap theorem for Kähler manifolds with nonnegative orthogonal bisectional curvature and nonnegative Ricci curvature, which generalizes an earlier result of the first author [L. Ni,
An optimal gap theorem,
Invent. Math. 189 2012, 3, 737–761]. We also prove a Liouville theorem for plurisubharmonic functions on such a manifold, which generalizes a previous result of L.-F. Tam and the first author [L. Ni and L.-F. Tam,
Plurisubharmonic functions and the structure of complete Kähler manifolds with nonnegative curvature,
J. Differential Geom. 64 2003, 3, 457–524] and complements a recent result of Liu [G. Liu,
Three-circle theorem and dimension estimate for holomorphic functions on Kähler manifolds,
Duke Math. J. 165 2016, 15, 2899–2919].
Efficient synthesis, reactions and spectral characterization of pyrazolo[4’,3’:4,5]thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidines and related heterocycles
Authors: Zaki Remon M. , Kamal El-Dean Adel M. , Radwan Shaban M. , Saber Ahmed F.
Published: April 2019

New pyrazolothienopyrimidines were synthesized. The key intermediate 4-aminothieno[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile 1 was converted to the chloroacetyl amino derivative 2 followed by nucleophilic substitution and Dimorth rearrangement upon treatment with nitrogen nucleophiles to give the pyrimidinones 3a-c. Treatment of 3a with formaldehyde and with triethyl orthoformate afforded the respective tetracyclic derivatives 4 and 5. Condensation of the amino group in the o-aminocarbonitrile 1 with triethyl orthoformate followed by cycloaddition reaction with hydrazine led to the formation of pyrazolothienopyrimidine 8. Compound 8 was used as a synthetic precursor to heterocyclic compounds comprised of pyrazole, triazole, triazine, and triazepine derivatives.
Variance reduction estimation for return models with jumps using gamma asymmetric kernels
Authors: Song Yuping , Hou Weijie , Zhou Shengyi
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses Nadaraya-Watson estimators for the unknown coefficients in second-order diffusion model with jumps constructed with Gamma asymmetric kernels. Compared with existing nonparametric estimators constructed with Gaussian symmetric kernels, local constant smoothing using Gamma asymmetric kernels possesses some extra advantages such as boundary bias correction, variance reduction and resistance to sparse design points, which is validated through theoretical details and finite sample simulation study. Under the regular conditions, the weak consistency and the asymptotic normality of these estimators are presented. Finally, the statistical advantages of the nonparametric estimators are depicted through 5-minute high-frequency data from Shenzhen Stock Exchange in China.
Understanding Migrant Caravans1 from the Place of Place Privilege
Authors: Chávez Karma R.
Published: April 2019

In this essay, I write from a positionality I call “place privilege,” a location I share with people like Donald Trump because we comment from where we were born, raised, and live. I attempt to challenge the limits and also use the privilege of that positionality to offer a rethinking of caravans coming from Central America as coalitions in motion, as calls to an ethical relation, and as weapons of the weak.
EFL Students’ Use of Technology in English Lesson in The Digital Era
Authors: Arigusman Anggi , Purnawarman Pupung , Suherdi Didi
Published: April 2019

Various informations and knowledge including English lesson can easily be accessed. It gives a large opportuniy to the students to take benefts from the use of technology to up grade their English ability. However, most of EFL students seem only use technology for entertainment needs rather than for learning English. Therefore, the objectives of this research are to investigate the kinds of technology tools used by high school students and their beliefs toward the use of technology in English lesson. Mix method approach is used in this research to gain more comprehensive and representative data. The results show that there are eight activities that involve fve kinds of technology that the students frequently used. Those tools are MP3 player, internet browser, cellphone, social networking site, and television. All respondents agree that the use of technology in English lesson is eﬀective. Some advantages of using technology in English lesson appear in this research. However, some barriers or problems also found. The most disturbing barrier faced by the students is the access to internet. They also lack of information of useful technology tools which are possible to be used in English lesson.

Abstrak

Berbagai informasi dan ilmu pengetahuan termasuk pelajaran bahasa Inggris dapat diakses dengan mudah. Hal itu memberikan kesempatan yang besar pada siswa untuk memanfaatkan teknologi guna meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Inggris mereka. Namun kebanyakan siswa EFL sepertinya lebih cenderung memanfaatkan teknologi untuk sekedar hiburan daripada untuk mengasah bahasa Inggris mereka. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi jenis-jenis teknologi yang digunakan oleh siswa SMA dan persepsi mereka terhadap penggunaan teknologi dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris. Pendekatan mixed method digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk memperoleh data yang lebih komprehensif dan representatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada delapan aktiftas siswa yang melibatkan teknologi yang sering mereka gunakan. Yaitu MP3 player, internet browser, telepon seluler, situs jejaring sosial, dan televisi. Seluruh responden setuju bahwa penggunaan teknologi dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris sangat efektif. Beberapa keuntungan pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris ditemukan dalam peneitian ini. Akan tetapi beberapa kendala juga ditemukan. Kendala yang paling mengganggu yang dihadapi oleh para siswa adalah akses terhadap fasilitas internet. Mereka juga kekurangan informasi tentang jenis-jenis produk teknologi yang berguna untuk digunakan dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris.

Keywords:  EFL students; English lesson; use of technology; internet
Impact of thyroiditis on 131I uptake during ablative therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Lim Eugenie S , Shah Shanty G , Waterhouse Mona , Akker Scott , Drake William , Plowman Nick , Berney Daniel M , Richards Polly , Adams Ashok , Nowosinska Ewa , Brennan Carmel , Druce Maralyn
Published: April 2019

Context

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is usually treated by thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine ablation and generally has a good prognosis. It may now be possible to limit the amount of treatment without impacting on efficacy. It is not known whether coexistent thyroiditis impacts on radioiodine uptake or on its potential efficacy, but this could provide a rationale for modification to current therapeutic protocols.

Design

This was a retrospective cohort study of radioiodine uptake on imaging after radioiodine ablation for DTC in patients with and without concurrent thyroiditis. All patients with histologically confirmed DTC treated with radioiodine ablation after thyroidectomy in a single centre from 2012 to 2015 were included. The primary outcome assessed was the presence of low or no iodine uptake on post-ablation scan, as reported by a nuclear medicine physician blinded to the presence or absence of thyroiditis.

Results

One hundred thirty patients with available histopathology results were included. Thyroiditis was identified in 42 post-operative specimens and 15 of these patients had low or no iodine uptake on post-ablation scan, compared to only 2 of 88 patients without thyroiditis (P < 0.0001) with further data analysis dividing the groups by ablation activity received (1100 MBq or 3000 MBq).

Conclusions

Concurrent thyroiditis may impair the uptake of radioactive iodine in management of DTC. Given that patients with DTC and thyroiditis already have a good prognosis, adopting a more selective approach to this step in therapy may be indicated. Large, longitudinal studies would be required to determine if omitting radioactive iodine therapy from those patients with concurrent thyroiditis has a measurable impact on mortality from thyroid cancer.
Antibiotic Prescribing During Pediatric Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine Visits
Authors: Ray Kristin N. , Shi Zhuo , Gidengil Courtney A. , Poon Sabrina J. , Uscher-Pines Lori , Mehrotra Ateev
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Use of commercial direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine outside of the pediatric medical home is increasing among children, and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the most commonly diagnosed condition at DTC telemedicine visits. Our objective was to compare the quality of antibiotic prescribing for ARIs among children across 3 settings: DTC telemedicine, urgent care, and the primary care provider (PCP) office.

METHODS:

In a retrospective cohort study using 2015–2016 claims data from a large national commercial health plan, we identified ARI visits by children (0–17 years old), excluding visits with comorbidities that could affect antibiotic decisions. Visits were matched on age, sex, chronic medical complexity, state, rurality, health plan type, and ARI diagnosis category. Within the matched sample, we compared the percentage of ARI visits with any antibiotic prescribing and the percentage of ARI visits with guideline-concordant antibiotic management.

RESULTS:

There were 4604 DTC telemedicine, 38 408 urgent care, and 485 201 PCP visits for ARIs in the matched sample. Antibiotic prescribing was higher for DTC telemedicine visits than for other settings (52% of DTC telemedicine visits versus 42% urgent care and 31% PCP visits; P < .001 for both comparisons). Guideline-concordant antibiotic management was lower at DTC telemedicine visits than at other settings (59% of DTC telemedicine visits versus 67% urgent care and 78% PCP visits; P < .001 for both comparisons).

CONCLUSIONS:

At DTC telemedicine visits, children with ARIs were more likely to receive antibiotics and less likely to receive guideline-concordant antibiotic management compared to children at PCP visits and urgent care visits.
A mikro-RNS-ek jelentősége szisztémás autoimmun betegségek kialakulásában
Authors: Jámbor Ilona , Szabó Krisztina , Zeher Margit , Papp Gábor
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 18–25 nucleotide long, single stranded, endogenous, non-coding small RNAs playing an important role in regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. miRNAs control approximately 90% of protein-coding genes, and play a central role in various biological processes including immune cell lineage commitment, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and maintenance of immune homeostasis. Changes in the expression of certain miRNAs may lead to the development of many diseases, including systemic autoimmune diseases. In this study, we summarize the biogenesis of miRNAs, their role in regulation of the immune system, and review the latest research findings in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis. In the future, miRNAs may help not only in establishing diagnosis and prognosis but potentially serve as targets for modern therapeutic approaches in autoimmune diseases. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(15): 563–572.
Apelacja ze strony obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego we współczesnym zreformowanym procesie małżeńskim
Authors: Rozkrut Tomasz
Published: April 2019

Kanoniczny proces małżeński ma wydobyć prawdę dotycząca zaskarżonego małżeństwa. Musi on zostać przeprowadzony bardzo dokładnie, zgodnie z obowiązującym formalnym kanonicznym prawem procesowym; ponadto dostosowanie do konkretnego przypadku materialnego kanonicznego prawa małżeńskiego winno być zgodne z poprawnym jego stosowaniem. Wymienione dwa obszary, formalnie różne, kanonicznego orzekania na temat nieważności zaskarżonego małżeństwa, mogą stanowić przedmiot ewentualnej apelacji ze strony obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego, przy czym w sytuacji poważnego naruszenia samej struktury współczesnego kanonicznego procesu małżeńskiego, będzie on także mógł złożyć skargę o nieważność wyroku. Obrońca węzła małżeńskiego swoje zadania wypełnia w trzech współczesnych formach procesu małżeńskiego, to znaczy w procesie zwykłym (czyli praktycznie w tym najczęściej występującym), w procesie biskupim (który będąc nową formą orzekania nieważności małżeństwa, winien być otoczony szczególną troską w przedmiocie poprawności jego zastosowania oraz sposobu wyrokowania) oraz w procesie dokumentalnym. Reforma procesowa papieża Franciszka z roku 2015, w szczególności – kiedy analizujemy problematykę apelacji ze strony obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego – sugeruje dwa zagadnienia. Po pierwsze, czy pierwszy wyrok pozytywny w procesie zwykłym jest na tyle sprawiedliwie orzeczony oraz należycie uzasadniony w wydanym wyroku, aby zgodnie ze wspomnianą reformą mógł zostać uznany za wykonalny, oraz w szczególności – po drugie – czy zaistniały warunki dla przeprowadzenia procesu skróconego coram episcopo, sukcesywnie czy został on poprawnie przeprowadzony, gdy idzie o jego elementy zasadnicze, oraz także czy zredagowany wyrok spełnia wymogi dotyczące uzasadnienia pozytywnego orzeczenia. Aktualnie, w wyniku reformy procesowej dokonanej przez papieża Franciszka, wielu autorów podkreśla odpowiedzialność obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego za współczesny kanoniczny proces małżeński, w szczególności w relacji do przedstawianej przez niego apelacji. Mówiąc jeszcze inaczej – zachowuje wciąż aktualność magisterium rotalne Jana Pawła II z roku 1988 – o tym, że obrońca węzła małżeńskiego winien dostosować swoje działania do różnych etapów procesu małżeńskiego; wypada dodać: także do różnych jego współczesnych form.
Waste measurement procedure for Brazilian social housing projects
Authors: Teles Roseane Dorneles , González Marco Aurelio Stumpf , Kern Andrea Parisi
Published: April 2019

This study analyses the generation of building waste at construction sites of single-family social housing in southern Brazil. In recent times, access to housing financing in Brazil has become easier through the Minha Casa Minha Vida programme; however, this programme seems to generate a larger amount of waste because the contractors work as small companies. Therefore, it is important to investigate the quantities of waste generated in the sector, using specific methods. This work proposes a procedure to measure waste generation on building sites of social housing projects. It is important to measure waste generation because there are many similar projects in the country. The measurement procedure was designed to be workable in the conditions often found in this kind of building site. It was tested in works carried out in Ivoti and Lindolfo Collor, two cities in southern Brazil. Most of the residues found were composed of polyvinyl chloride, wood, plywood and steel bars. The results showed a waste rate of 0·054 m3/m2. The procedure was highly acceptable by the workers and the results showed that studying waste generation in this kind of building project is feasible.
Using industrial solid wastes to produce calcium silicate
Authors: Almeida Thiago Freitas , Leite Flaviane Helena Guedes , Faria Roberto Trindade , Holanda José Nilson França
Published: April 2019

Wastes from the ceramic industry (known as chamotte waste) and marble industry lead to significant environmental pollution problems. This paper investigates the use of chamotte waste (as a source of silicon dioxide) and calcined marble waste (as a source of calcium oxide) as alternative raw materials to obtain calcium silicate for use as thermal insulating ceramic material. It was found that calcium silicate synthesised between 1000 and 1100°C was mainly composed of wollastonite. Calcium silicate specimens were uniaxially pressed and cured for one week. The technical properties of the cured specimens (apparent density, water absorption, water suction and thermal conductivity) were then determined. The microstructural analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that both industrial solid wastes – chamotte and marble – are good alternative renewable raw materials for producing calcium silicate.
Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nde CO² Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Panel Nedensellik Analizi
Authors: Günel Tuğay
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nden Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Tacikistan, Türkmenistan ve Özbekistan’da CO² emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi 1992-2014 dönemi verileri ile araştırılmaktadır. Karbon emisyonu olarak ülkelerin kişi başı karbon emisyon oranları, gaz ve akaryakıt tüketiminden kaynaklanan karbon emisyon verileri kullanılmıştır. Yatay kesit bağımlılık ve homojenlik testi sonuçlarına göre durağanlık için ikinci kuşak panel birim kök testleri tercih edilirken Panelin parametrelerinin heterojen yapıda olmasından dolayı Dumitrescu ve Hurlin(2012) panel nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre söz konusu ülkelerde CO² emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasında karşılıklı bir nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca gaz ve akaryakıt gibi enerji tüketiminden kaynaklanan karbon emisyonlarından ekonomik büyümeye doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi de tespit edilmiştir.
The Relationship between Real Output (Real GDP) and Unemployment Rate: An Analysis of Okun’s Law for Eurozone
Authors: ALTUNÖZ Utku
Published: April 2019

In this study, the relationship between economic growth and unemployment in the euro area (eurozone) is investigated in the light of Okun’s Law by using annual panel data set covering the period 2000-2012. Besides panel error correction and panel integration methods are used to test the link between unemployment and growth rate, unemployment hysteresis was examined by using several non-stationary panel unit root techniques for in all countries included to the study. Findings of this study propose that the Okun’s Law is valid. However, the cointegration coefficient is lower than the Okun’s coefficient calculated for the United States and other studies which was done for developed countries. The US is included in the analysis as it has the strongest economy in the world. In addition, since growth and unemployment are more volatile in developing countries, they are included in the analysis in order to compare with developed countries.
Zeta potential and particle size measurement with the NanoSizer Malevern for Pheroid v1
Authors: Grobler Anne
Published: April 2019

All particle and Pheroid® preparations must be analysed by the Nanosizer ZSP for quality control purposes to determine their size distributions (if less than 1 µM) and zeta potential. The Malvern Master NanosizerZSP equipmentmust be used in a procedure which does not damage its configuration or hardware and gives reliable results. This method allows for the measurement of specific parameters whether the correct type of particle or Pheroid® was manufactured and whether the manufactured particle or Pheroid®possess the characteristics intended with all the specifications requested. The system incorporates a two angle particle and molecular size analyzer for the enhanced detection of aggregates and measurement of small or dilute samples, and samples at very low or high concentration using dynamic light scattering with ‘NIBS’ optics. The ZSP also incorporates a zeta potential analyzer that uses electrophoretic light scattering for particles, molecules and surfaces, and a molecular weight analyzer using static light scattering.
Electrotransformation of Clostridium species v2
Authors: Yee Tan Chin
Published: April 2019

A brief protocol for electrotransformation of Clostridium species
Developing a Technology-supported Learning Model for Elementary Education Level
Authors: Wang Qiyun
Published: April 2019

Technology has been increasingly used to promote students’ engagement in online learning environments. Engagement refers to the students’ commitment or effort involved in learning. Engagement often has various categories such as behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. In this paper, a technology-supported learning model is proposed for the purpose of promoting students’ engagement in online learning. This model is composed of three key components: pedagogical design, social design, and technical design. Pedagogical design aims to achieve predefined learning objectives through well-designed instructional strategies and learning activities so that students can be behaviorally engaged (e.g., high participation, active exploration) and cognitively engaged (e.g., asking questions, giving evaluative comments). Social design is to create a comfortable and friendly setting where students are willing to interact with peers and/or with the teacher so that emotional engagement (e.g., positive social relationship between students and the teacher) and cognitive engagement (e.g., knowledge construction) can be attained. Technical design intends to create a usable platform that students can easily manipulate without technical difficulties.  All these designs must take the context (e.g., elementary education level) into careful consideration.
Implementation of the 2013 Curriculum for Science Learning
Authors: Rohmatulloh Ana , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun , Pambudi Haryo Aji
Published: April 2019

This research aims at describing the 2013 Curriculum implementation for science learning on the planning, classroom implementation, and assessment stages, as well as the obstacles faced by teachers and their efforts to overcome them. This qualitative research was by involving Grade 4 teachers, students, and the principal of a primary school in Yogyakarta as the research subjects. The research object was the activities carried out in the curriculum implementation. The data collection instruments include observation sheets, interview guidelines, questionnaires, and analysis guidelines. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The data validity was tested using triangulation techniques. The research found that the planning stage include studying the syllabus and teacher’s books then outlining the steps of the activities with the scientific approach; the teachers had integrated the science learning with other subjects under a theme; and the scientific approach was employed through observing, questioning, experimenting, associating/reasoning, and communicating. However, the overall implementation of the 2013 Curriculum had not been optimal yet. The teachers had used authentic assessment to assess the students' attitudes, knowledge, and skills, but they rarely used assessment instruments and rubrics. The obstacles faced by teachers were in the planning, classroom implementation, and assessment stages.
Parametric Studies on Solar Performance of Iwan in Traditional Houses in Sulaimani’s old Town
Authors: Abdulrahman Hendren , Ahmed Ahmed , Abtar Are
Published: April 2019

Iwan, also Eyvan, is strongly associated with the architecture of the Middle East. It has been widely used as a space to serve different purposes in various types of traditional buildings such as mosques, palaces, and houses. This study focuses on the environmental aspects of iwan . The research investigates the effects of changing the exposure degrees of iwan on its insolation within traditional houses in Sulaymaniyah’s old town. Both EnergyPlus and Google SketchUp programs were used to make a 3D model and perform energy simulation analysing for a typical building with iwan in different proportions, similar to what exists in the region. Furthermore, weather data of Sulaymaniyah (latitude 36°) is used in the simulation process.

Several main geometrical variables are affecting the exposure degrees of iwan in Sulaymaniyah:

Firstly, the length and depth of the space change in different houses whereas the height is almost constant, the same as the building’s height, which equals to 3m.

Secondly, the orientation of the iwan , which is usually facing southeast, south, southwest, and both east and west, considered in the simulations and the results obtained separately for each orientation. There is no doubt that in hot seasons, shading is preferable. Whereas, in cold seasons, receiving more solar irradiation is desirable. Based on the results, iwan’s solar performance improves whenever its width is decreased compared to its depth. In addition, the results show that the iwan’s orientation affects significantly on its solar performance, as those facing towards south have better performance, meanwhile, those facing north have it the worst. Furthermore, changing the depth to width ratio for those facing east and west does not seem to affect their solar performance noticeably. Moreover, the results examine to what extend iwan can be used in buildings as a climatic responsive design strategy in Sulaymaniyah.
The Generation of Rifaat Al-Chaderchi Facades Using Standard Shape Grammars
Authors: Al-Jameel Prof. Dr. Ali , Hamid Rana
Published: April 2019

The architecture of Rifaat Al-Chaderchi is of a distinct particularity with easily distinguished façades, which were artistically composed from rich traditional architectural elements and forms. He was one of the first Iraqi architects to experience the trend of critical regionalism as his works exhibit the interaction between the local traditions of Iraq and Western influences. On the other hand, shape grammar is of great importance in the field of architecture as it provides a fruitful approach for the study and analysis of the formal patterns of different artifacts belonging to certain architectural styles or architects. The current research focuses on the problem of studying the shape grammars of the architectural facades of Al-Chaderchi. It aims at defining the rules of the shape grammars that produced the form of those facades. Thus, the significance of this research stems from the disclosure of the shape rules that underlie the design of Al-Chaderchi facades and providing the possibility for re-application of the derived rules to generate those facades with the synthetic properties and formal relationships that distinguish certain facade from the others. The research adopts the method of standard shape grammars concerned with the structural and formal relationships of the façades compositions and their differences regardless the different criteria and dimensions associated with each facade. The research aim was achieved by the conclusion of the shape rules through which the facades of Al-Chaderchi have been composed. Then, the concluded rules were applied firstly, to derive those facades and secondly, to derive new facades that carry the same formal and elemental structure to test their application potentialities.