bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Record of Summer Truffle (Tuber aestivum) in Portugal
Authors: Santos-Silva Celeste , Brígido Clarisse
Published: August 2024

Tuber aestivum, commonly known as the summer truffle, is typically found in various parts of Europe where it grows naturally. However, its presence in Portugal was not confirmed until now. The first fruit bodies were collected in April 2024 at stone pine stands (Alenquer and Arruda dos Vinhos, Lisbon) and in June at holm oak stands (Salir, Faro). These specimens are characterized by hypogeous, subglobose, black ascomata with a peridium surface covered with pyramidal warts. Ascopores are subglobose-to-broadly ellipsoid, distinctively ornamented, usually 1–6 per asci. According to the results of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequence analysis, these specimens form a well-supported group within the Aestivum clade, with T. aestivum being the closest phylogenetic taxon. This remarkable discovery opens up new opportunities for truffle exploitation in Portugal thanks to the summer truffle’s gastronomical value and high market prices.
Genome Mining of Pseudanabaena galeata CCNP1313 Indicates a New Scope in the Search for Antiproliferative and Antiviral Agents
Authors: Grabski Michał , Gawor Jan , Cegłowska Marta , Gromadka Robert , Mazur-Marzec Hanna , Węgrzyn Grzegorz
Published: August 2024

Compounds derived from natural sources pave the way for novel drug development. Cyanobacteria is an ubiquitous phylum found in various habitats. The fitness of those microorganisms, within different biotopes, is partially dependent on secondary metabolite production. Their enhanced production under biotic/abiotic stress factors accounts for better survival rates of cells, and thereby cyanobacteria are as an enticing source of bioactive compounds. Previous studies have shown the potent activity of extracts and fractions from Pseudanabaena galeata (Böcher 1949) strain CCNP1313 against cancer cells and viruses. However, active agents remain unknown, as the selected peptides had no effect on the tested cell lines. Here, we present a bottom-up approach, pinpointing key structures involved in secondary metabolite production. Consisting of six replicons, a complete genome sequence of P. galeata strain CCNP1313 was found to carry genes for non-ribosomal peptide/polyketide synthetases embedded within chromosome spans (4.9 Mbp) and for a ribosomally synthesized peptide located on one of the plasmids (0.2 Mbp). Elucidation of metabolite synthesis pathways led to prediction of their structure. While none of the synthesis-predicted products were found in mass spectrometry analysis, unexplored synthetases are characterized by structural similarities to those producing potent bioactive compounds.
Adherence to Short-Duration Treatment (3HP) for Latent Tuberculosis among International Migrants in Manaus, Amazonas: Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Treatment Modalities
Authors: Alves Yan Mathias , Berra Thaís Zamboni , Jezus Sonia Vivian de , Araújo Vânia Maria Silva , Pinheiro Jair dos Santos , Assis Lara Bezerra de Oliveira de , Canelonez Marvis , Sacramento Daniel Souza , Perez Freddy , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: August 2024

Migration, a multifaceted phenomenon, has a significant impact on health. Migrants perform similar movement patterns within their country of origin, in transit, and in the country of destination, thus making it difficult to monitor TB treatment throughout the journey. The objective was to compare the effectiveness of different treatment modalities in adherence to the short-term regimen for LTBI (3HP) among international migrants and refugees. This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Manaus-AM. The study population was made up of international migrants. The certification and monitoring of medication intake employed three strategies: self-administration (SA), directly observed conventional therapy (DOT), and Video Telemonitoring System for Tuberculosis Treatment (VDOT). The VDOT group and SA group exhibited the lowest rate of treatment dropout or interruption at 16.1%, followed by the DOT group at 23.1%. The results suggest that the most effective strategy for ensuring adherence among migrants and refugees was VDOT (OR_adj 0.26; CI 0.7–0.94), suggesting that migrants may be more likely to adhere to and complete their treatment. The results show that relying on different treatment strategies, adapted to the individuals’ needs and risk factors, is a viable and effective way of providing person-centered TB care.
Construction of Ag3PO4/g-C3N4 Z-Scheme Heterojunction Composites with Visible Light Response for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation
Authors: Pan Xiangping , Meng Ying , Liu Qingwang , Xu Mai
Published: August 2024

Ag3PO4/g-C3N4 photocatalytic composites were synthesized via calcination and hydrothermal synthesis for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) in wastewater, and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The degradation of RhB by Ag3PO4/g-C3N4 composites was investigated to evaluate their photocatalytic performance and cyclic degradation stability. The experimental results showed that the composites demonstrated notable photocatalytic activity and stability during degradation. Their high degradation efficiency is attributed to the Z-scheme transfer mechanism, in which the electrons in the Ag3PO4 conduction band and the holes in the g-C3N4 valence band are annihilated by heterojunction recombination, which greatly limits the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes in the catalyst and enhances the activity of the composite photocatalyst. In addition, measurements of photocurrent (PC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed that the efficient charge separation of photo-generated charges stemmed from strong interactions at the close contact interface. Finally, the mechanism for catalytic enhancement in the composite photocatalysts was proposed based on hole and radical trapping experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, and work function evaluation.
Impact of Probiotics on the Glycemic Control of Pediatric and Adolescent Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stefanaki Charikleia , Rozou Paraskevi , Efthymiou Vasiliki , Xinias Ioannis , Mastorakos George , Bacopoulou Flora , Papagianni Maria
Published: August 2024

Aims: Human recombinant insulin is currently the only therapy for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), although not always efficient for the glycemic control of these individuals. The interrelation between the gut microbiome and the glycemic control of apparently healthy populations, as well as various populations with diabetes, is undeniable. Probiotics are biotherapeutics that deliver active components to various targets, primarily the gastrointestinal tract. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of the administration of probiotics on the glycemic control of pediatric and adolescent individuals with T1D. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled trials employing the administration of probiotics in children and adolescents with T1D (with ≥10 individuals per treatment arm), written in English, providing parameters of glycemic control, such as mean glucose concentrations and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were deemed eligible. Results: The search strategy resulted in six papers with contradictory findings. Ultimately, five studies of acceptable quality, comprising 388 children and adolescents with T1D, were included in the meta-analysis. Employing a random and fixed effects model revealed statistically significant negative effect sizes of probiotics on the glycemic control of those individuals, i.e., higher concentrations of glucose and HbA1c than controls. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with T1D who received probiotics demonstrated worse glycemic control than controls after the intervention. Adequately powered studies, with extended follow-up periods, along with monitoring of compliance and employing the proper strains, are required to unravel the mechanisms of action and the relative effects of probiotics, particularly concerning diabetes-related complications and metabolic outcomes.
Monitoring of the Main Reasons for Early Abandonment of Breastfeeding during the First Six Months of Life: A Secondary Analysis
Authors: Valero-Chillerón María Jesús , Soriano-Vidal Francisco Javier , Mena-Tudela Desirée , Cervera-Gasch Águeda , Vila-Candel Rafael , Llagostera-Reverter Irene , Andreu-Pejó Laura , Ortíz-Mallasén Víctor , González-Chordá Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2024

The rate of six-month-old infants exclusively breastfed in Spain remains below the recommended rate. This study aimed to explore in detail the evolution of feeding during the first six months of life of a group of newborns, as well as to identify the reasons reported by the mothers for feeding change. A secondary analysis of two prospective longitudinal observational studies was conducted. In both studies, women participants, during the clinical puerperium, opted for exclusive breastfeeding for their newborns. The participants were followed up during the infants’ first six months. A sample size of 314 participants was obtained, of which 77.1% (n = 232) were of Spanish origin, and 51% (n = 160) were primiparous. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months was 55.4% (n = 174). During the first four months of life, the main reason for early abandonment of breastfeeding was the perception of insufficient milk production. After the fourth month, the predominant reason was starting work. Statistically significant differences were observed between the reasons for giving up and the total weeks of exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.001) and total weeks of breastfeeding (p = 0.002). Early weaning from breastfeeding is a multifactorial phenomenon. However, depending on the moment cessation occurs, some reasons predominate over others and, in many cases, can be prevented. These results indicate the need to continue investing efforts to promote and protect breastfeeding in Spain.
A Comparative Genetic Analysis of Phoenix atlantica in Cape Verde
Authors: Sarmiento Cabello Sonia , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Priscila , Arbelo Ramírez Guacimara , Naranjo-Cigala Agustín , Curbelo Leticia , da Graca Gomes Maria de Monte , Brito Juliana , Aberlenc Frédérique , Zehdi-Azouzi Salwa , Sosa Pedro A.
Published: August 2024

The Cape Verde palm tree, Phoenix atlantica, holds significant ecological and cultural importance within the Cape Verde archipelago. However, its genetic distinctiveness has been questioned due to its close relationship and morphological similarity to the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera). In this study, we used an expanded sample set, 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and a plastid minisatellite to characterize P. atlantica in Cape Verde and investigate its relationship with other Phoenix species. Our findings identify genetic markers that differentiate the P. atlantica genetic pool, including a unique fixed allele. We also provide evidence of the recent divergence of P. atlantica from Northern African date palm populations, suggesting a relatively recent colonization of Cape Verde by palm trees. Additionally, we characterized the genetic composition of palm tree populations across three Cape Verde islands, concluding that wild samples from certain populations in Boavista and Sal are best suited for establishing a seed and/or germplasm bank for replantation efforts, representing a crucial step for the conservation of Cape Verde’s natural heritage. Overall, our results enhance the understanding of the historical trajectories and genetic characterization of palm trees in Africa, offering valuable insights for conservation strategies.
Biodegradable Biobased Polymers: A Review of the State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Jha Swarn , Akula Bhargav , Enyioma Hannah , Novak Megan , Amin Vansh , Liang Hong
Published: August 2024

Biodegradable biobased polymers derived from biomass (such as plant, animal, marine, or forestry material) show promise in replacing conventional petrochemical polymers. Research and development have been conducted for decades on potential biodegradable biobased polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and succinate polymers. These materials have been evaluated for practicality, cost, and production capabilities as limiting factors in commercialization; however, challenges, such as the environmental limitations on the biodegradation rates for biodegradable biobased polymer, need to be addressed. This review provides a history and overview of the current development in the synthesis process and properties of biodegradable biobased polymers, along with a techno-commercial analysis and discussion on the environmental impacts of biodegradable biobased polymers. Specifically, the techno-commercial analysis focuses on the commercial potential, financial assessment, and life-cycle assessment of these materials, as well as government initiatives to facilitate the transition towards biodegradable biobased polymers. Lastly, the environmental assessment focuses on the current challenges with biodegradation and methods of improving the recycling process and reusability of biodegradable biobased polymers.
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial on Press, Block Lithium Disilicate, and 3D Printed Partial Crowns in Posterior Teeth: One-Year Recall
Authors: Verniani Giulia , Casucci Alessio , Val Matteo , Ruggiero Gennaro , Manfredini Daniele , Ferrari Marco , Ferrari Cagidiaco Edoardo
Published: August 2024

This study compares the clinical performances of two lithium disilicate (Initial LiSi press vs. Initial LiSi Block, GC Corp.) and a 3D printed resin (Temp Print, GC Corp.) partial crown using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) evaluation criteria and survival rates after one year of clinical service. Eighty-nine partial adhesive restorations on posterior teeth were realized using different materials: Group 1 used Initial LiSi press, Group 2 used Initial LiSi Block, and Group 3 used Temp Print. An analog workflow was used to realize the restoration of Group 1, while a fully digital workflow was used for Groups 2 and 3. The modified USPHS parameters, together with periodontal parameters, were collected at baseline and at the one-year recall. Contingency tables to assess for significant differences of success over time in each group were used. All modified USPHS parameters showed Alpha or Bravo; no Charlie was recorded. No statistically significant difference emerged between the three groups in any of the assessed variables (p > 0.05). All modified USPHS scores were compatible with the outcome of clinical success, no restoration was replaced or repaired, and the survival rate was 100% at the one-year recall. No difference was found between the traditional and digital workflows used to fabricate the restorations.
Biomechanical Factors in the Prognosis of Implants: A Clinical Study
Authors: Ceresuela Paola , Montero Javier
Published: August 2024

This study aims to assess the impact of occlusal loadings on peri-implant bone loss by measuring the cantilever of each implant and evaluating the occlusal pattern using PRESCALE® and to examine the relationship between occlusal overload and peri-implant bone loss, including marginal bone loss (MBL) and biomechanical factors, in a sample of 41 patients with a total of 135 implants. In addition, this study examines the influence of occlusal overload among patient groups with no marginal bone loss, unilateral bone loss, and bilateral bone loss. The PRESCALE® quantifies the occlusal area and load along the dental arch. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparing quantitative variables between groups and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was applied to analyze linear relationships between quantitative variables. The results of occlusal distribution and pressure range were presented using the PRESCALE®. It was found that the mesial cantilever was statistically significantly greater (p < 0.05) for the bilateral bone loss group. Additionally, MBL was significantly proportional to occlusal loading in the left anterior sector (r = 0.47; p < 0.01) and to follow-up time (r = 0.29; p < 0.01), though it was also proportional to implant diameter and length (r = 0.27 and r = 0.20). The presence of a wider cantilever and excess occlusal loading appears to be associated with increased bone loss.
Quality-Driven Allocation Method to Promote the Circular Economy for Plastic Components in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Pfisterer Ilka , Rinberg Roman , Kroll Lothar , Modler Niels
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the development of a circular economy of plastic products in the automotive industry has been pursued by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) not only due to strategic premises by the European Commission but also due to an increasing demand by customers. To achieve a circular economy, high-quality recyclates are needed. However, in the current situation, there is a discrepancy between the low-quality recyclate that is available on the market and the high-quality recyclate that is demanded by manufacturers. To increase the quality of recyclate on the market, a standardized process to reward a ‘design-for-recycling’ approach at the product development stage is needed. This paper proposes an allocation method that takes into account material compositions and common recycling processes and incentivizes the preservation of high-quality grades of recyclate based on grade purity.
Feasibility Study on the Use of Infrared Cameras for Skin Cancer Detection under a Proposed Data Degradation Model
Authors: Soto Ricardo F. , Godoy Sebastián E.
Published: August 2024

Infrared thermography is considered a useful technique for diagnosing several skin pathologies but it has not been widely adopted mainly due to its high cost. Here, we investigate the feasibility of using low-cost infrared cameras with microbolometer technology for detecting skin cancer. For this purpose, we collected infrared data from volunteer subjects using a high-cost/high-quality infrared camera. We propose a degradation model to assess the use of lower-cost imagers in such a task. The degradation model was validated by mimicking video acquisition with the low-cost cameras, using data originally captured with a medium-cost camera. The outcome of the proposed model was then compared with the infrared video obtained with actual cameras, achieving an average Pearson correlation coefficient of more than 0.9271. Therefore, the model successfully transfers the behavior of cameras with poorer characteristics to videos acquired with higher-quality cameras. Using the proposed model, we simulated the acquisition of patient data with three different lower-cost cameras, namely, Xenics Gobi-640, Opgal Therm-App, and Seek Thermal CompactPRO. The degraded data were used to evaluate the performance of a skin cancer detection algorithm. The Xenics and Opgal cameras achieved accuracies of 84.33% and 84.20%, respectively, and sensitivities of 83.03% and 83.23%, respectively. These values closely matched those from the non-degraded data, indicating that employing these lower-cost cameras is appropriate for skin cancer detection. The Seek camera achieved an accuracy of 82.13% and a sensitivity of 79.77%. Based on these results, we conclude that this camera is appropriate for less critical applications.
Optical Biosensor Based on Porous Silicon and Tamm Plasmon Polariton for Detection of CagA Antigen of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Rong Guoguang , Kavokin Alexey , Sawan Mohamad
Published: August 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common pathogen with a high prevalence of infection in human populations. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection is critical for its treatment, eradication, and prognosis. Biosensors have been demonstrated to be powerful for the rapid onsite detection of pathogens, particularly for point-of-care test (POCT) scenarios. In this work, we propose a novel optical biosensor, based on nanomaterial porous silicon (PSi) and photonic surface state Tamm Plasmon Polariton (TPP), for the detection of cytotoxin-associated antigen A (CagA) of H. pylori bacterium. We fabricated the PSi TPP biosensor, analyzed its optical characteristics, and demonstrated through experiments, with the sensing of the CagA antigen, that the TPP biosensor has a sensitivity of 100 pm/(ng/mL), a limit of detection of 0.05 ng/mL, and specificity in terms of positive-to-negative ratio that is greater than six. From these performance factors, it can be concluded that the TPP biosensor can serve as an effective tool for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection, either in analytical labs or in POCT applications.
Smart City Community Watch—Camera-Based Community Watch for Traffic and Illegal Dumping
Authors: Pathak Nupur , Biswal Gangotri , Goushal Megha , Mistry Vraj , Shah Palak , Li Fenglian , Gao Jerry
Published: August 2024

The United States is the second-largest waste generator in the world, generating 4.9 pounds (2.2 kg) of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) per person each day. The excessive amount of waste generated poses serious health and environmental risks, especially because of the prevalence of illegal dumping practices, including improper waste disposal in unauthorized areas. To clean up illegal dumping, the government spends approximately USD 600 per ton, which amounts to USD 178 billion per year. Municipalities face a critical challenge to detect and prevent illegal dumping activities. Current techniques to detect illegal dumping have limited accuracy in detection and do not support an integrated solution of detecting dumping, identifying the vehicle, and a decision algorithm notifying the municipalities in real-time. To tackle this issue, an innovative solution has been developed, utilizing a You Only Look Once (YOLO) detector YOLOv5 for detecting humans, vehicles, license plates, and trash. The solution incorporates DeepSORT for effective identification of illegal dumping by analyzing the distance between a human and the trash’s bounding box. It achieved an accuracy of 97% in dumping detection after training on real-time examples and the COCO dataset covering both daytime and nighttime scenarios. This combination of YOLOv5, DeepSORT, and the decision module demonstrates robust capabilities in detecting dumping. The objective of this web-based application is to minimize the adverse effects on the environment and public health. By leveraging advanced object detection and tracking techniques, along with a user-friendly web application, it aims to promote a cleaner, healthier environment for everyone by reducing improper waste disposal.
Neglect in Older Adults: A Sociodemographic and Health Approach in the Portuguese Context
Authors: Jesus Joana Correia , von Humboldt Sofia , Soares Luisa , Leal Isabel
Published: August 2024

Southern European countries have shown indicators of accelerated aging. In Portugal, a particularly worrying aspect of this reality lies in the relationship between the aging process and the incidence of violence in older adults, as the degree of dependence and/or health status becomes a significant risk factor for the occurrence of violence. The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the risk of violence and indicators of neglect in Portuguese older adults; (2) to examine the differences in neglect indicators according to sociodemographic characteristics and health habits. The final sample consisted of 1012 Portuguese older adults aged 65 or over. Participants were asked about sociodemographic characteristics and health habits. The risk of violence was measured using the Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale, and the neglect subscale of the Elder Abuse: A Multinational Prevalence Survey was used to evaluate indicators of exposure to neglect in the past year. The results show that approximately 27% of the population presents values of risk to violence. One-tenth of participants were exposed to low levels of neglect indicators and slightly fewer people (5%) were exposed to higher levels of neglect indicators. There are significant differences regarding exposure to neglect according to the age groups, gender, and marital status, depending on the living situation, years of retirement, practice of physical exercise, existence of chronic disease, alcohol consumption, and frequency of leaving home.
Entrepreneurial Aspirations of South Dakota Commodity Crop Producers
Authors: Abulbasher Abdelrahim , Ulrich-Schad Jessica D. , Kolady Deepthi , Wang Tong , Clay David
Published: August 2024

A growing body of research has examined farmers’ increasing economic challenges in the United States and the new models adopted to help them increase profit, remain in business, and achieve agricultural sustainability. However, the entrepreneurial strategies that Western Corn (Zea mays) Belt farmers use to overcome economic challenges and achieve agricultural sustainability remain understudied. The model system used in this study was eastern South Dakota, and it examined the entrepreneurial aspirations of commodity crop producers using mail and online survey data collected in 2018. Using the diffusion of innovations framework, we investigated how innovation and entrepreneurialism spread among farmers; whether frequent training, building, and using social networks were essential to farmers’ business success; and how age, education level, and farm size relate to their entrepreneurial aspirations. We analyzed these three socio-demographic characteristics of farmers against their adoption of entrepreneurship and engagement in networking and training. Our results show that (1) farmers are looking for ways to adopt entrepreneurship; (2) education and farm size are positively related to the adoption of entrepreneurship; (3) age is negatively related to farmers’ adoption of entrepreneurship, and (4) a larger farm size is associated with farmers’ use of social networks and their participation in training. This study highlights the importance of providing farmers with entrepreneurial training, equipping them with necessary skills, maximizing their use of social networks and opportunities, and encouraging strategic planning and best management practices.
Probabilistic Prediction Model for Expressway Traffic Noise Based on Short-Term Monitoring Data
Authors: Li Feng , Wang Haibo , Du Canyi , Lan Ziqin , Yu Feifei , Rong Ying
Published: August 2024

Seeking a straightforward and efficient method to predict expressway traffic noise, this study selected three expressway segments in Guangdong Province, China and conducted noise monitoring at ten different sites along these expressways. Data analysis revealed that the mean sound levels and standard deviations were significantly positively and negatively correlated with traffic volume, respectively, and the frequency distribution of sound levels closely resembled a normal distribution. A probability prediction model for expressway traffic noise, based on a normal distribution, has been constructed utilizing these characteristics. The mean and standard deviation of the model were determined using a linear regression method, and the relationship between the mean, standard deviation, and various noise evaluation indices was derived from the characteristics of the normal distribution. The proposed model enables the direct prediction of the statistical frequency distribution of sound levels and various noise evaluation indices. Despite using only two five-minute segments of monitoring data for training, the model’s average prediction error for Leq, L10, L50, and L90 was only 1.06, 1.07, 1.04, and 1.32 dB(A). With increased sample data for modeling, the model’s predictive accuracy notably improved. This study provides a highly effective predictive tool for assessing traffic noise for residents near expressways.
Architecture for Complexity: Speculative Design as Enabler of Engagement in Co-Designing Post-Mining Futures in the Hunter Valley
Authors: Spurr Sam , Carrasco Sandra
Published: August 2024

The imminent closure of seventeen mining sites in the Wonnarua Nation in Australia’s Hunter Valley over the next two decades has significant social, cultural, and economic implications. Transitioning to a post-mining future requires integrating rehabilitation efforts with socio-cultural and economic considerations. Speculative design and co-design approaches involving stakeholders from local communities, industry, and government offer alternative solutions for this complex scenario. This paper examines how architects can engage effectively in such transitions by using mixed-methods research, which includes in-class analysis, synthesis and design observation, and qualitative data from student interviews involved in a master’s degree at the architectural design studio exploring the future of a major coal mine in Australia. In contrast to the conventions of assessing “before” and “after” conditions that propose a singular answer to the research, this paper describes the innovative testing of these wicked problems in the setting of the creative design studio. Anticipating the potential for multi-stakeholder co-design processes, the outcomes of this research extend beyond local perspectives. The overarching project, of which this experiment is a key part, aims to identify valuable opportunities for landscape rehabilitation in the Hunter Valley and help to articulate a scalable and replicable process that can be applied to address the environmental challenges faced in other Australian regions. This in-class approach presented the opportunity to rethink and reframe the methods used by reflecting on the interview feedback from students. This can enable students to actively engage in design-based responses to impending mine closure and promote inclusive planning in post-mining landscapes.
Green Supply Chain Management Practices and Organizational Performance: A Mediated Moderation Model with Second-Order Constructs
Authors: Mustafi Mohitul Ameen Ahmed , Dong Ya-Juan , Hosain Md Sajjad , Amin Mohammad Bin , Rahaman Md. Atikur , Abdullah Masuk
Published: August 2024

This study highlights the rising significance of green supply chain management practices (GSCMPs) in elevating organizational performance (OP) within the Bangladeshi manufacturing sector. GSCMPs, structured as the single second-order independent construct, were formed by three first-order independent constructs: green eco-design (GED), green supply chain partnering (GSCP), and internal green orientation (IGO). This study proposes that GSCMPs can contribute to the overall OP, structured as the single second-order dependent construct, comprising financial performance (FP), marketing performance (MP), and environmental performance (EP) as its first-order dependent constructs. Furthermore, this research involved the mediating role of perceived competitive advantage (PCA) on the relationship between GSMPs and OP as well as the moderating role of supply chain leadership skill (SCLS) on the relationship between PCA and OP. Primary data were gathered from 340 Bangladeshi respondents involved in higher-level and mid-level management roles at different manufacturing firms using a structured survey questionnaire. Partial least square-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed for statistical analysis using Smart-PLS 4.0. GSCMPs exhibited a significant positive correlation with OP. Additionally, PCA was found to partially mediate the relationship between GSCMPs and OP, while SCLS was found to strengthen the positive relationship between PCA and OP. This study explores the GSCMPs-OP nexus in the Bangladeshi manufacturing sector, aiming to inspire further theoretical and empirical studies. The findings offer insights for policymakers and managers in formulating and executing GSCM-related policies and strategies.
European Youth Work Developments and Challenges—A Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Hofmann-van de Poll Frederike
Published: August 2024

Youth work has become a well-developed European field of activity in terms of structure and content, not at least since the adoption of the European Youth Work Agenda (2020). Through a meta-synthesis of three structural studies on youth work in Europe, this article provides three main considerations. Firstly, the article makes an analytical distinction between European youth work and youth work in Europe, thus clarifying the general concept of “youth work”. Secondly, this analytical distinction helps to systematise and classify the topics being dealt with by actors in the field of youth work: youth work as a European framework (role of European documents; transfer between levels; youth work in times of crises), youth work development at the national, regional and local level (youth work legal framework; funding; recognition, quality and professionalisation; innovations), and the multi-dimensional challenges of shrinking spaces for both young people and youth work (youth work as an independent field of action; shortage of skilled labour; austerity measures; young people moving away; rise of extremism). Thirdly, the discursive openings the different concepts and narratives of youth work can offer are outlined. In this way, the article hopes to contribute to the (further) development of youth work theory in Europe.
BIOMETRICAL ANALYSES OF ELITE WHEAT VARIETIES USING HALF DIALLEL METHOD IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
Authors: Mandan Dalel Khan , Marri Shah Nawaz , Soomro Zahoor Ahmed , Chachar Qamar-ud-Din
Published: August 2024

Wheat is a major food grain crop grown around the world. Its importance lies in its grain quality and yield production towards various genotypes. The present research was conducted to assess genotypes at two locations viz. Barley and Wheat Research institute Tando Jam and Wheat Research institute Sakrand. This experiment was conducted under 6 x 6 half-diallel fashion design using six wheat parents as TD-1, TJ-83, Imdad-2005, Moomal-2002, SKD-1, and Mehran-89. The results showed that TJ-83 revealed early 75% heading and maturity. However, the genotype TD-1 provoked markable performance for different characters in both locations, including tillers plant-1, spikelet’s spike-1, grains spike-1, grain yield plant-1, 1000 grain weight, and harvest index. Among F1 hybrids, including TJ-83 × Moomal-2002 and TD-1 × TJ-83, displayed favorable characteristics, with the hybrid Imdad-2005 × Mehran-89 contributing more tillers plant-1 and TD-1 × Mehran-89 having longer spikes. For GCA effects, TD-1 demonstrated negative effects for heading and maturity revealing positive effects for other key traits, making it a promising parental material for improved wheat cultivar development. The cross TD-1 × TJ-83 proved positive SCA effects for distinctive characteristics. Correlation analysis depicted positive associations between spike length, spikelet’s spike-1, grains spike-1, and grain yield plant-1 underscoring their importance in high-yielding wheat cultivar development. Traits exhibited high heritability estimates, suggesting strong genetic control and early-generation improvement possibilities. Gene action analysis revealed an overall type of dominant gene action, confirming an over-dominant type for most traits. The concise findings indicate that the research provides valuable insights for enhancing wheat breeding programs, identifying superior genotypes, and understanding their desirable responses under diverse environmental conditions
QUANTITATIVE, HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) UNDER WATER STRESS CONDITIONS
Authors: Panhwar Nazir Ali , Soomro Zahoor Ahmed , Jatoi Wajid Ali , Sial Mahboob Ali
Published: August 2024

Wheat genotypes were evaluated -under water stress conditions to find out drought resistant line in split plot design where stress treatments were main plots and genotypes were subplots. Five genotypes were used to develop ten F1 hybrids using half diallele mating design. Mean squares of genetic parameters viz. General Combining Ability (GCA), Specific Combining Ability (SCA) and their effects, heterosis and heterobeltiosis showed highly significant differnces (>0.01%) for most of the traits. NIA-sarang, TD-1 and Sarsbz showed highly significant GCA under non-stress and water stress for grain yield main spike-1, seed index plant-1 and grain yield plant-1. Highly significant SCA for NIA-sarang x Kiran-95, TD-1 x NIA-sarang, Sarsabz x Kiran-95 and Sarsabz x NIA-sarang for grain yield main spike-1 under non-stress. Under both water stress, hybrid TJ-83 x Kiran-95, TD-1 x Kiran-95, Sarsabz x NIA-sarang and NIA-sarang x Kiran-95, TJ-83 x TD-1, TJ-83 x Sarsabz and NIA-sarang x Kiran-95 showed highly significant SCA for grain yield main spike-1. Great seed index plant-1 gave TJ-83 x TD-1 and TJ-83 x Kiran-95 under non-stress. Hybrid TJ-83 x Sarsabz, NIA-sarang x Kiran-95, TD-1 x Kiran-95 and TJ-83 x Sarsabz showed highly significant SCAs for seed index plant-1 under water stress. For grain yield plant-1, hybrid TJ-83 x TD-1, NIA-sarang x Kiran-95, Sarsabz x Kiran-95showed great SCAs under non-stress and under water stress. Heterobeltiosis under non-stress noted in NIA-sarang x Kiran-95, TD-1 x NIA-sarang, Sarsabz x Kiran-95, Sarsabz x NIA-sarang and Sarsabz x TD-1, under water stress, TJ-83 x Kiran-95, TD-1 x Kiran-95, Sarsabz x NIA-sarang, Hybrid TJ-83 x Sarsabz, TJ-83 x TD-1, Sarsabz x NIA-sarang, Sarsabz x TD-1 and NIA-sarang x Kiran-95 showed heterobeltiosis for grain yield main spike-1 and recommended to include future breeding schemes.
DIAPAUSE DYNAMICS IN PINK BOLLWORM (PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA) TRIGGERED BY EPISODES OF PHOTOPERIOD AND TEMPERATURE REGIMES
Authors: Akhtar Shamim , Ihsan Talal , Shehzadi Iqra , Afzal Shumaila , Zainab Ghulam , Mahmood Kamra , Khan Saira , Bilal Muhammad , Ali Imran , Farooq Ferkhanda
Published: August 2024

Pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella is considered as the most injurious insect-pest of cotton causing significant yield losses in the world including Pakistan. The ability of pink bollworms to enter in diapauses before the onset of harsh condition increases the survival rate to greater extent and determine to attain the status of major insect-pest. The present investigations were conducted under laboratory conditions set as 26+2 oC, 65+5% and 15:9 (L/D) temperature, relative humidity, photoperiod respectively. Change in temperature to varied extent and episodes of photoperiod for specific intervals were the key variables to study their influence on diapausing ability in pink bollworms. The results elaborated that the temperature of 14 oC found to be optimum for diapause induction as maximum (68.21±1.83%) larvae of pink bollworms at 4th instar were in diapause state. While the temperature of 26 oC found to be lethal regarding diapause induction of 0.00, 3.11±1.03 and 21.96±0.13% when 4th instar larvae were held for one, four and seven days respectively. Influence of photoperiod revealed that the highest diapause (28.01±0.20%) was induced when episode of 07:17 (L/D) photo phase was maintained for a period of seven days. Peak adult emergence (92.13±3.74%) was recorded at 26 oC, 15:9 L/D of temperature and photoperiod respectively. However, maximum adult mortality (31.66±4.59%) was found at 14 oC when the pupae were held for 14 days. These findings lead to the conclusion that the temperature and photoperiod are the key determinants among the abiotic variable, which govern diapausing phenomena in pink bollworm.
PHOSPHORUS NUTRITION OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna Radiata L.) IN RELATION TO MYCORHIZOBACTERIAL INOCULATION
Authors: Zia-ul-hassan  , Depar Nizamuddin , Rajput Sana Saleem , Arain Javaria Afzal , Jamali Inzamam , Talpur Naheed Akhter , Hajra Khan  , Rajpar Inayatullah
Published: August 2024

Microbial phosphate solubilization substantially supplements chemical phosphatic fertilization. Pakistani soils are generally P-deficient and require adequate P fertilization. However, due to very low P-use-efficiency, it becomes indispensable to device workable strategies to address these issues. We conducted a field experiment to compare the response of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) to ACC-deaminase, phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria (PSRB), Pseudomonas fluorescens and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi under varying levels of inorganic P (P1 = No P fertilizer, i.e. control, P2 = 30.0 kg P ha-1, and P3 = 60.0 kg P ha-1). We noted that mungbean showed significant enhancements in various plant attributes when supplied with P nutrition ranging from 8.2 to 45.9% at 50% recommended P fertilizer dose, i.e. 30 kg P ha-1 and 17.8 to 76.1% at 100% recommended P fertilizer dose, i.e. 60 kg P ha-1. In comparison to 30 kg P ha-1, 60 kg P ha-1 significantly increased (1.6 to 3.9 times) plant traits of mungbean. Microbial inoculants showed positive effects, with P. fluorescens increasing plant attributes from 5.2 to 31.2%, and AM fungi Glomus mossaea from 13.5 to 40.0%. The mycorrhizal inoculation was significantly better than rhizobacterial inoculation, with enhancements of 1.2 to 2.7 times in various growth attributes of mungbean. We conclude that microbial inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was found to be more efficient than rhizobacterial inoculation
Aleksey Eliseeviç Kulakovskiy’in Saha İntelligentsiyatıgar “Saha Aydınlarına” Başlıklı Mektubu
Authors: Ersoz Murat
Published: August 2024

Sahalar, Aleksey Eliseeviç Kulakovskiy (1877-1926)’i klasik bir şair, seçkin eğitimci, vizyoner bilim insanı ve geleceği iyi okuyan bir filozof olarak tanımlar. Kulakovskiy, 49 yıllık kısa hayatının neredeyse yarısını Saha dilinin, kültürünün ve kimliğinin korunması için farklı yerleşim yerlerinde çalışarak, gözlem yaparak, bilimsel malzeme toplayarak ve eser üreterek geçirir. Saha İntelligentsiyatıgar “Saha Aydınlarına”, onun tanınmış çalışmaları arasındadır. Saha İntelligentsiyatıgar, mektup türünde yazılmış olmasına rağmen hacimli bir makale boyutundadır. Kulakovskiy; kültürel, sosyal ve felsefî içerikli fikirlerine yer verdiği bu çalışmasını Mayıs 1912’de tamamlar. Bu eserde; göç, eğitim, tarım, hayvancılık, çevre sorunları, verimli kaynak kullanımı, sürdürülebilir kalkınma, istihdam, tehlikedeki halklar ve diller gibi konularda tespit ettiği sorunlara getirdiği çözüm önerilerini yedi ana başlık altında sıralar. Onun teklifleri, sadece kendi dönemini ve Sahaları değil günümüzü ve hatta pek çok toplumu yakından ilgilendirir niteliktedir. Özel kütüphanelerde ve arşivlerde saklı kalan bu eser 1942’de G. P. Başarin’in yoğun çabası sayesinde bulunur. Geniş okuyucu kitlesinin ondan haberdar olması ise Kulakovskiy’in kaleminden çıkan bu el yazması nüshanın 1990’da Polyarnaya Zvezda “Kutup Yıldızı” adlı dergide tam metin olarak yayımlanmasından sonra mümkün olur. Saha İntelligentsiyatıgarın kitap formatında basılması ise 1992’de gerçekleşir. Bu makalede, Sahaların Sovyet öncesi yaşantısı hakkında önemli bilgiler ihtiva eden bu tarihî mektup Türkçeleştirilip tahlil edilmiştir.
Avaliação dos benefícios do canabidiol no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Marra Bianca Carvalho , Guimarães Lays Dias , Costa Sérgio Henrique Nascente
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O canabidiol (CBD), segunda substância ativa com mais predominância em plantas do gênero Cannabis, não apresenta efeitos que sugerem potencial de dependência e tem se mostrado promissor no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer (DA). Objetivos: O presente estudo realizou uma revisão bibliográfica acerca dos benefícios do uso do canabidiol em pacientes com DA através do uso de extratos da planta C. sativa. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica com base em artigos científicos publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. Os descritores utilizados para busca foram “Doença de Alzheimer”, “Canabidiol”, “Cannabis sativa”, “extrato” e “CBD”. As buscas foram realizadas na plataforma PubMed, National Library of Medicine do National Center for Biotechnology Information. Resultados: Estudos in vitro e com camundongos sugerem que o CBD possui atividades neuroprotetoras, anti-inflamatórias, ansiolíticas e anti-insônia em testes pré-clínicos. Além disso, o CBD pode melhorar o processo patológico da DA, aumentando a resposta do sistema imunológico e a via de autofagia. Os achados in vitro e in vivo mais recentes justificam a realização de mais investigações sobre o potencial da Cannabis como terapia para a DA, sendo que até o momento apenas alguns ensaios clínicos foram realizados. Conclusão: Para o tratamento da DA, torna-se necessário estudos adicionais para avaliar a eficácia, segurança, farmacocinética, farmacodinâmica e, mais significativamente, a segurança dos medicamentos à base de Cannabis.
Nefrite lúpica na gestação: evolução clínica e impacto terapêutico
Authors: Pontes Diogo Salomão , Sanches Matheus Sanvido Batista , Prates Maritha Araújo
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma condição autoimune que pode gerar múltiplas repercussões. É uma doença que afeta principalmente mulheres jovens em idade reprodutiva. Durante a gravidez, pode ocorrer aumento da atividade da doença lúpica. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da nefrite lúpica na gestação e a abordagem farmacológica neste período. Metodologia: Busca ativa de artigos nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs, nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Foi aplicado filtro para artigos publicados entre 2004 e 2020, selecionando aqueles estudos que apresentavam maior relevância com a temática. A estratégia de busca baseou-se nos seguintes descritores: “nefrite lúpica”, “gravidez”, “lúpus eritematoso sistêmico” e “nephropathy”. Resultados: O perfil imunológico do paciente lúpico é caracterizado pelo aumento dos níveis de anticorpos anti-nucleares (anti-DNA, anti-RNP, anti-SSA, anti-Sm e anti SSB). As funções auxiliadoras e supressoras perdem o seu equilíbrio devido às alterações dos linfócitos B. Imunocomplexos são formados pela ação dos auto-anticorpos no DNA e estes se depositam nos tecidos e/ou ativam complemento, levando ao processo inflamatório responsável pelas lesões. Durante a gestação, a elevação de estrogênio pode aumentar a reatividade imunológica. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma doença autoimune, que pode acometer diversos órgãos. A nefrite lúpica é uma das manifestações da doença. Por isso, a gravidez associada ao LES é um desafio visto que pode levar a exacerbação e surgimento do quadro de nefrite numa fase em que os tratamentos são restritos.
Efeitos da reabilitação pulmonar no manejo da DPOC em pacientes idosos fragilizados
Authors: Guará Pedro Teixeira , Santana Maria Luisa Oliveira , Ramos Evellyn Thauany Gomes , Marques Barbara Mendes , Abdalla Priscila Resende , Almeida Ana Beatríz Mascarenhas de , Ney Gabriela Brill , Araújo Geovanna Cesário Silva , Suassuna Carolina Almeida
Published: August 2024

Considerando que a Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é uma condição progressiva que afeta significativamente a qualidade de vida dos idosos, este estudo objetiva avaliar os efeitos da reabilitação pulmonar em idosos fragilizados com DPOC. Para tanto, procede-se a uma revisão da literatura existente, destacando a importância de abordagens integradas e multidimensionais. Desse modo, observa-se que a reabilitação pulmonar melhora a capacidade funcional, a qualidade de vida e reduz os dias de hospitalização. Além disso, intervenções personalizadas, incluindo treinamento de resistência e suporte nutricional, são eficazes para mitigar a sarcopenia e desnutrição. Conclui-se que a reabilitação pulmonar é uma intervenção multidisciplinar custo-efetiva que beneficia pacientes idosos com DPOC, e que futuras pesquisas devem focar na eficácia a longo prazo dessas intervenções e estratégias para aumentar a adesão aos programas de reabilitação.