bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paraxial approximation of the electrostatic potential of a charged nonconducting torus
Authors: Tashayev Y N
Published: December 2019

In an electrostatics it is possible to allocate two kinds of problems: the field determination at an unknown location of the charges, but the given electric potential at the boundaries of the considered region, and the calculation of the potential and components of the electric field strength in a region free of charges from the known spatially-limited electric charge distribution. In this paper, preference has been given to the second formulation, which has been added by the principle of superposition of electric fields. Further, we consider the problem of the distribution of the electrostatic potential over a thin-walled torus, uniformly charged along the surface. The condition of constancy of the surface charge density is realized only when using a torus with dielectric walls. To find the distribution of the electrostatic potential around a non-conducting torus uniformly charged along the surface, the Poisson equation was considered, which solution was represented as a surface integral. In toroidal coordinates, an expression for the electrostatic potential is obtained, which is calculated in terms of the complete elliptic integral of the first kind. The torus potential is explored on presence of a local extreme. The functions of cylindrical coordinates (paraxial approximation) are constructed, approximating the potential and field intensity in the outer region of the torus, and it is proved that the potential has a saddle shape in the region close to the centre. The spatial distribution of the electrostatic potential in the outer region of a uniformly charged along the torus surface has been visualized, using Matlab environment.
Raman spectra of GaSe epitaxial layers grown on GaAs substrates and group-theoretical analysis of their vibrational modes
Authors: Davydov V Yu , Kitaev Yu E , Smirnov A N , Eliseyev I A , Starukhin A N , Avdienko P S , Sedova I V , Sorokin S V
Published: December 2019

A complete group-theoretical analysis of vibrational modes in ε, β, γ-GaSe polytypes has been performed. Raman spectroscopy data obtained on single crystals of ε-GaSe with a subsequent group-theoretical analysis were used to analyze the Raman spectra low-dimensional GaSe structures. Information was obtained on the structural properties of epitaxial layers and arrays of nanorods of the ε-polytype GaSe grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs (001) substrates.
Nanostructures based on functionalized porous silicon for promising solar energy systems
Authors: Smerdov R S , Spivak Yu M , Moshnikov V A
Published: December 2019

The promising application of functionalized composite materials based on porous silicon (PS) for perspective solar energy conversion systems is considered in this paper. PS-based nanostructures are suggested for further realization of photon-enhanced thermionic emission for solar concentrators and thermionic electrodes due to the remarkable properties displayed by these materials. Nanostructured layers functionalized with silver (PS/Ag) are obtained via electrochemical etching and deposition processes. The investigation of acquired materials functionalized with fractal-like silver agglomerates is performed. Electronic absorption spectroscopy is utilized in order to characterize the surface structure of PS/Ag layers. Localized surface plasmon resonance phenomenon taking place within the array of silver nanoparticles is observed. Two distinct absorption bands located in the visible spectrum are detected; their emergence is related to the resonance effect taking place in the two nanoparticle arrays appearing during the synthesis process. The intensity of these bands can be manipulated with synthesis parameters of porous silicon matrix.
Effect of applied electric field on growth morphology of copper phthalocyanine thin films
Authors: Gordeeva A B , Dementev P A , Dunaevskiy M S , Makarenko I V , Pavlov S I
Published: December 2019

The effect of electric field on the initial stages of copper phthalocyanine adsorption on the SiO2 substrate was studied experimentally. The external electric field was applied during thermo-vacuum evaporation of CuPc. Using atomic-force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, it was found that in the presence of an electric field, the film morphology changes. Instead of randomly oriented elongated crystallites, new form bend-shaped ones are formed on the substrate surface. The paper provides an explanation of the experimentally observed effect of the electric field on the structure of the growing film.
ANN approach in the creation of thin gas-sensitive films based on modified polyacrylonitrile
Authors: Semenistaya T.V. , Kutomkina E.V.
Published: December 2019

In this study, the dependence gas sensitivity coefficient of silver-containing polyacrylonitrile (PAN) films on the technological parameters using artificial neural networks (ANN) is studied. Modelling is performed based on 38 datasets at different conditions. Initially, the experimental data on the fabrication of the films with gas-sensing properties have been collected, which constitutes the simulation space. At the next stage, the analysis of the measurement results has been carried out, self-tuning and training of the neural network have been done to provide the required output signal. Using the neural network model, the optimal technological parameters for creating efficient gas sensors for nitrogen dioxide have been established. Verification of the model was performed: the data convergence was 8-13%.
Advanced oxidation process for detonation nanodiamond surface chemical modification
Authors: Shestakov M S , Vul’ S P , Dideikin A T , Larionova T V , Shvidchenko A V , Yudina E B , Shnitov V V
Published: December 2019

An advanced oxidation process has been implemented for detonation nanodiamond surface chemical modification. The treatment intended for chemical oxidation of detonation nanodiamond surface through reactions with ozone in aqueous media. A number of detonation nanodiamond samples were processed: purified industrial grade and single particle hydrosols of air oxidized and hydrogen annealed detonation nanodiamonds. Comparative analysis of surface chemical composition provided by XPS and FTIR data.
HVPE growth of α- and ε-Ga2O3 on patterned sapphire substrates
Authors: Nikolaev V I , Pechnikov A I , Nikolaev V V , Scheglov M P , Chikiryaka A V , Stepanov S I , Medvedev O S , Shapenkov S V , Ubyivovk E V , Vyvenko O F
Published: December 2019

Here we report on the growth and characterisation of α- and ε-Ga2O3 epitaxial films produced by halide vapour phase epitaxy (HVPE). The films were deposited on two types of substrate: (0001) plain sapphire substrates and (0001) patterned sapphire substrates with regular cone-like features. In order to guarantee the same growth conditions on plain and patterned sapphire, the two substrates were used simultaneously in the same growth run. After the deposition the samples were studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical transmission (OT) spectroscopy, and cathodoluminescence (CL). The growth on plain sapphire substrate produced an 11 μm thick continuous α-Ga2O3 layer. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the (0006) XRD rocking curve is 180 arcsec, which indicates good crystallinity of the layer. In contrast, growth on the patterned sapphire substrate resulted in a layer with regular spaced faceted pyramids at the surface. XRD analysis revealed the presence of both α- and ε-phases in Ga2O3 grown on patterned sapphire substrate. The presence of the ε-Ga2O3 phase, which has narrower bandgap, was also confirmed by optical transmission measurements. SEM, TEM, and SEM CL observations revealed that α-Ga2O3 phase forms columnar structures on top of sapphire cone, and ε-Ga2O3 phase fills the valleys between the columns.
Direct photon measurements in He+Au collisions at 200 GeV
Authors: Berdnikov A. , Berdnikov Ya , Kotov D. , Solovev V.
Published: December 2019

The PHENIX experiment has published direct photon yields from different collisions at RHIC energies and discovered a large excess of low-pT
direct photons in Au+Au collisions at

N

s

N

=
200

GeV compared to reference p+p collisions, which has been attributed to thermal radiation from the hot and dense medium. PHENIX has also developed a new technique to identify conversion photons without assuming the radius where the conversion happened. This method greatly increases the available statistics and reduces systematic uncertainties. This paper presents the results obtained from real photons in the electromagnetic calorimeter and photons converted at the layers of Silicon Vertex Tracker (VTX).
New method for determining the composition of liquid media during the express control of their state using the nuclear magnetic resonance phenomena
Authors: Myazin N S , Davydov V V , Rud’ V Yu , Yushkova V V , Dudkin V I
Published: December 2019

The processing of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals from various liquid media is an important step in monitoring their state. At the same time, the processing of NMR signals is quite a challenge during express control by NMR relaxometer. Therefore, the article substantiates the need to develop a new method for NMR signals processing. For this purpose, a universal mathematical model for describing the NMR signal from various media has been proposed. This model takes into account the features of recording signals using a modulation technique in a weak magnetic field. In addition, the article presents the results of calculations of the components concentrations in the studied mixtures of liquid media. Also these results are compared with the experimental data.
Research of component composition of mineralized bone implants by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Timchenko P E , Timchenko E V , Volova L T , Frolov O O , Yagofarova E F
Published: December 2019

The results of Raman spectroscopy to evaluate alternative sources for donor bone implants using the “Lioplast” technology are presented. It is shown that Raman spectroscopy can be used to assess the component composition of the surface of bone implants during their treatment. It has been found that major differences were at Raman bands 1448, 1735 (lipids & fatty acid), 850 and 875 cm-1 (proline & hydroxyproline), 1001 and 1026 cm-1 (phenylalanine) and 1272, 1560 cm-1 (amide II, amide III). The criteria which allow to evaluate the component composition in the production of bioimplants are proposed, and a two-dimensional analysis was carried out. The analysis showed that the main components of the extracellular matrix necessary for the implementation of osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of biomaterials are saved during processing. Lipids were removed that improved the quality of the material, providing the possibility of a good clinical effect.
Efficiency evaluation of the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect in magnetoplasmonic structures
Authors: Pavlov S I , Pevtsov A B , Dyakov S A , Yavsin D A , Nashchekin A V
Published: December 2019

In this study the new approach to the efficiency evaluation of the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect is considered. To assess the prospects for the practical use of structures based on TMOKE, the Figure of Merit (FOM) parameter is introduced, which is the product of the reflected/transmitted light intensity and the Kerr signal of the structure. Kerr signal defined as absolute value of the difference of light intensities at opposite magnetizations. It is shown that parameter Figure of Merit (FOM) in proposed form can give more information than the most commonly used relative value of TMOKE. The advantages of the introduced parameter are demonstrated on the example of a magnetoplasmonic structure with thin magnetite films.
Anticrossing of optical modes in coupled microcavities
Authors: Mitryakhin V N , Shapochkin P Yu , Lozhkin M S , Hatzopoulos Z , Tzimis A , Savvidis P , Kapitonov Yu V
Published: December 2019

In this work we investigate the reflectance spectra of the GaAs/AlGaAs/AlAs-based coupled microcavities consisting of two cavity layers separated and surrounded by distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). The observed optical modes are described by the coupled harmonic oscillators model with parameters derived from the modelling of the layered structure by the transfer matrix method. The theory explains the observed anticrossing behaviour of optical modes with position on the sample, being able to reveal the cavities thickness gradients.
Application of Raman spectroscopy to assess the articular surface after performing chondroplasty in rabbits
Authors: Timchenko E , Timchenko P , Dolgushkin D , Volova L , Lazarev V , Povelihin A , Markova M , Lomkina A , Tumchenkova A , Tihomirova G
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the results of expanded analysis after the experimental researches with the samples femoral bones of rabbits in distal epiphysis area using the Raman spectroscopy method. It has been found that values of the optical ratios characterized by reduction of Raman bands during transition from the intact cartilage zone to the PFP plasty region on the wave numbers 956 cm−1 (PO3
−4 (symmetric stretching phosphate oscillation)), 1069 cm−1 (CO3
2-(C-O planar stretching vibration)) and relatively constant coefficients on the wavenumbers 852 cm−1 (Proline), 1250 cm−1 (Amid III), 1587 cm−1 (Amid II) и 1660 cm−1 (Amid I ), and also on the 1745 cm−1 ((C=O) Lipids).
A new method of processing a pulse wave in rapid diagnosis of the human health
Authors: Davydov R V , Antonov V I , Yushkova V V , Davydov V V , Rud’ V Yu , Smirnov K J
Published: December 2019

The article describes a new algorithm for processing the pulse wave, which is formed from the registered signals of absorption and scattering of laser radiation on a blood vessel and human tissues. A new method for tuning the optical part of the pulse oximeter is proposed to increase the reliability of the results in the rapid diagnosis of the human health condition. Experimental data on studies of various people are presented.
Strong Disorder in HgCdTe Studied with Optical Methods and X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: Andryushchenko D A , Trapeznikova I N , Bazhenov N L , Yagovkina M A , Mynbaev K D , Remesnik V G , Varavin V S
Published: December 2019

Optical transmission, photoluminescence, and X-ray diffraction have been used for studying structural disorder in Hg1-xCdxTe (x=0.3–0.4) films grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy on GaAs and Si substrates. According to all three methods, studied films immediately after the growth showed quite different scale of the disorder. After thermal annealing films showed similar optical properties, yet their structural properties remained different. It appears that the ability of Hg1-xCdxTe to gain good optical quality under annealing for considerably disordered initial material is not directly structure-related.
Antireflection coating for photovoltaic converters based on InP native oxide
Authors: Epoletov V S , Marichev A E , Levin R V , Pushniy B V , Talnishnikh N A
Published: December 2019

One of the interesting materials for the antireflective coatings of photovoltaic converters based on InP is the anodic oxide of indium phosphide. This material might be used as a first layer of a multilayer antireflection coating, as well as an independent single-layer antireflection coating. This paper deals with the study of the coating and research of its effect on the reflection coefficient from the InP surface.
Spontaneous and stimulated emission in InAs-based LED heterostructures
Authors: Semakova A A , Lipnitskaya S N , Bazhenov N L , Kizhaev S S , Chernyaev A V , Stoyanov N D , Mynbaev K D
Published: December 2019

Electroluminescence of ‘flip-chip’ LED heterostructures containing active layers made of InAs and barrier layers made of InAsSb(Ga,P) was studied experimentally and modelled. At the room temperature, spontaneous emission attributed to band-to-band recombination was observed. The shape of the EL band was strongly affected by absorption in the substrate. At low temperatures (T=4.2 and 77 K), stimulated emission was observed. Factors affecting the appearance and quenching of stimulated emission are discussed.
Two-dimensional waveguide for efficient second-harmonic generation in visible range
Authors: Savchenko G M , Averkiev N S , Sokolovskii G S
Published: December 2019

A semiconductor structure is proposed that generates the second harmonic with an output wavelength of 550 nm. The structure consists of a two-dimensional waveguide with a semiconductor photonic crystal located in its core. Calculation of dispersion of eigenmodes in this structure shows that the coherence length of nonlinear conversion can exceed 1 cm.
Analysis of spectral irradiance blurring by Fresnel lens sunlight concentrators
Authors: Filimonov E D , Levina S A , Shvarts M Z
Published: December 2019

Solar spectral irradiance blurring in the focal plane of the Fresnel lens arising from the chromatic aberration (CA) inherent to a lens was studied. The experimental complex for recording both irradiance distribution and spectral irradiance redistribution for the radiation concentrated by a small-sized energy concentrator based on a solar simulator with the possibility of modeling the spectral composition of light is presented. The methodology for scanning the irradiance spectral redistribution by a fiber spectrometer is described.
Experimental investigation of single pulse matched filtration on the spin-wave active ring resonator
Authors: Martynov M I , Zaretskaya G A , Semenov A A
Published: December 2019

Experimental investigation of single square pulse matched filtration in the active ring resonator is described in this work. Features of spin-wave delay line with metal screen in the active ring resonator are discussed. Influence of the microwave amplifier on formation of the active ring resonator impulse response was described. It is shown that the side peaks of impulse response depend on full energy in the ring circuit. Measurements of the ring response on input mixed signal with high S/N ratio are presented. Dependence of the output signal amplitude on signal to nose ratio is showed and discussed. Formation of the noise part of output signal is showed and influence of spin-wave dispersion on it is described.
CXRS measurements of ion temperature profile in NBI shots of the Globus-M spherical tokamak.
Authors: Larionova M.M. , Miroshnikov I.V. , Gusev V.K. , Minaev V.B. , Patrov M.I. , Petrov Yu.V. , Sakharov N.V. , Schegolev P.B. , Telnova A.Yu. , Bakharev N.N.
Published: December 2019

Ion temperature is one of the most important parameters of high-temperature plasma. Information on the ion temperature spatial distribution is necessary for understanding and modelling of particle and energy transport processes, evaluating the effectiveness of plasma heating system operation.

Active spectroscopy also known as CXRS (Charge eXchange Recombination Spectroscopy) is a powerful diagnostic tool for measurements of local values of ion temperature, and is widely used in experiments with magnetic confinement of high-temperature plasma.

Active spectroscopy diagnostics on the Globus-M tokamak utilizes a tangentially injected heating beam of neutrals (hydrogen or deuterium atoms). The CXRS-system setup is described. The results of ion temperature measurements for the last Globus-M experimental campaign before the machine shutdown and further upgrading to higher values of magnetic field and plasma current are presented. Ion temperature significant rise in the experiments with moderate increasing of toroidal magnetic field and plasma current is detected and discussed.
Grid current control in the unstable mode of plasma discharge
Authors: Mustafaev A , Klimenkov B , Grabovskiy A , Kuznetsov V
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the results of studies of the effect of grid current control of triode cesium-barium vapor modulator in the unstable mode of plasma discharge. The possibility of effective modulation of the current due to the development of nonlinear plasma structures formed during the excitation of the electronic instability of Bursian-Pierce is discovered. It is shown that in this mode, in the interelectrode gap, a potential distribution with a virtual cathode is formed, leading to a break of the electron current. In this case, the current in the triode changes almost instantaneously, since the process of the formation of a virtual cathode proceeds over a time of the order of the electron travel time through the gap. This is especially important for the successful practical application of triode modulators. The achieved high transient rates had a positive effect on the efficiency and frequency characteristics of the device. A high electric strength has been implemented, which allows to keep the triode in the locked state after a current break for a long time.
Study of turbulence spectra in a spherical tokamak plasma
Authors: Zhivulin E A , Bulanin V V , Gusev V K , Kurskiev G S , Minaev V B , Patrov M I , Petrov A V , Petrov Y V , Yashin A Y
Published: December 2019

A turbulence study was carried out on the Globus-M tokamak. The main method of turbulence studying was Doppler backscattering. Studies have been performed at different radii (in areas with different plasma parameters). It was found that during the transition from H-mode with edge localized modes (ELMs) to the improved confinement mode without ELMs, both turbulent fluctuations of the plasma density and velocity fluctuations are suppressed, which apparently leads to a decrease in anomalous transport.
Simulation of water flow management by the flood control facilities in the adjacent river basins
Authors: Antonov V I , Davydov R V , Maslikov V I , Molodtsov D V , Badenko V L
Published: December 2019

A systematic approach to reducing the risk of flooding is considered. The main idea of it is to switch from the flood control only by the one hydro system on the main river but to control the whole river system, including many adjacent river basins at various levels. This proposal expands the possibility of using a flood control system of self-regulating hydro systems distributed on adjacent drainage basins at multiple levels by organizing their joint work, ensuring that the maximum allowable water flow in the control sections of the river system is not exceeded. Using the proposed approach will allow protecting from flooding significant areas of land in the lower pool of the main hydroelectric complex in the context of climate change.
The influence of illumination and ionic strength of a solution on the formation of biosensor structure based on a silicon substrate and glucose oxidase molecules
Authors: Maslennikova A A , Kozlowski A V , Santer S , Stetsyura S V
Published: December 2019

We report on a change in parameters of a sensitive layer of field effect biosensor based on a silicon transducer and glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme molecules. Change in the parameters of the enzyme layer occurs due to the white-light illumination of a Si substrate during the GOx adsorption. It was found that the addition of certain value of NaCl salt concentration, which depends on the presence of a polyethylenimine buffer layer on the semiconductor surface, led to a more prominent effect of photo-assisted adsorption of GOx molecules.
Comparative analysis of hydrothermal conditions of Tomsk region by using different drought coefficients
Authors: Ryazanova A A , Voropay N N
Published: December 2019

The global and regional climatic changes that have been most intense in recent decades are characterized by an increase in the frequency of extreme natural events which include droughts and periods of extensive moistening. Air temperature and precipitation are the main characteristics of climate indicating the changes in the droughts/extensive moistening. According to observations of weather stations of Tomsk region, air temperature has been changing very much since the 70s of the 20th century (during 1967-1997 from -0.6 to + 0.56°C and during 1970-2009 from 0.4 to 0.6°C/10 years). Since the mid-1980s, an increase in precipitation has been observed. For a detailed analysis of drought indices (HTC, S, SPI, and SPEI) in the present paper, we use observation data from the Tomsk region weather stations from May to September, 1966-2017. When calculating the indices, warming of the atmosphere, expressed through air temperature, as well as atmospheric humidification, characterized by precipitation, must be taken into account. Also, for a correct comparison of the hydrothermal conditions of different landscapes it is necessary to use normalized indicators. A comparative analysis of the different hydrothermal indices has shown that the S and SPEI indices most closely correspond to these requirements. They also most synchronously indicate droughts.
Modeling the dynamics of comfort thermal conditions in Arctic cities under regional climate change
Authors: Semenova A A , Konstantinov P I , Varentsov M I , Samsonov T E
Published: December 2019

This work is devoted to modeling of characteristics of comfort thermal conditions in some Arctic cities under climate change. In this paper, the authors try to solve the problem of scarce meteorological observing stations in the cities by modeling thermal comfort indices in the Arctic urban landscape. For this, seven Arctic cities are classified according to a universally accepted classification of local climatic zones (LCZs) to identify the zones that best characterize each of the cities. Building data and data from the weather stations closest to the cities are included in a diagnostic microclimatic model RayMan. As a result of the experiments, air temperature trends and bioclimatic environmental comfort indices for the Arctic cities from 1966 to 2017 have been obtained. An assessment of the evolution of the indices has shown that the transitional seasons (April-May and October-November) make the greatest contribution to the change in comfort of the Arctic cities, and the number of days with severe cold stress decreases in all these cities of the Russian Arctic.
Assessment of the response of Russian forest ecosystems to different climatic conditions from model data
Authors: Martynova Yu V , Krupchatnikov V N
Published: December 2019

The response of extra-tropical evergreen and deciduous Russian forest ecosystems to a wide range of atmospheric background conditions is considered. This study is performed by using a land-surface model, JSBACH. Two numerical experiments are carried out: with hotter and more humid (model PLASIM) and more moderate (model INMCM4) atmospheric background conditions. A perturbation in the climate system is set by using the RCP 8.5 climate scenario. The study has shown a geographical redistribution of the extra-tropical evergreen and deciduous forests across Russia as well as an increase in their fractions in some already forested regions. An increase in the gross and net CO2 assimilation and respiration of these types of forest vegetation, as their response to the climatic disturbances, is obtained. However, even under the conditions of extremely intense climatic disturbances the Russian forest ecosystems will continue to act as CO2 sinks.
Sea ice modeling in the Sea of Azov for a study of long-term variability
Authors: Mizyuk A I , Puzina O S
Published: December 2019

This study deals with an attempt to use the NEMO modeling framework to investigate the long-term variability of the sea-ice fields in the Sea of Azov. A coupled ocean-ice model is used to perform a simulation by using an earlier developed configuration of cascading sea basins (Azov, Black, and Marmara). Various features of geographical location cause the formation of sea ice in the waters of the Sea of Azov and in the coastal area of the north-western Black Sea shelf. For a preliminary accuracy assessment, the simulation results are compared with the data based on satellite observations. The restricted amount of the data for the rather small area under study, as well as the features of the regional weather conditions, produce rather low accuracy of the available data products based on the satellite data. At the same time, the available data from coastal weather stations, as well as archived observations, produce a fairly adequate pattern of the simulated variability of the sea-ice conditions in the basin.
The comparative analysis of latitudinal changes in seasonal dynamics of the brightness temperature of the underlying surface in different natural zones of West Siberia
Authors: Romanov A N , Khvostov I V
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the results of studies of the brightness temperature of the underlying surface in different natural zones of West Siberia based on the daily data from SMOS (ESA). The effect of change in phenological phases of soil cover and vegetation in the Arctic desert, tundra, forest tundra and taiga on emissivity of the underlying surface is studied by the example of test sites adjacent to research stations of the Siberian Environmental Change Network (SecNet). We investigate the regularities and peculiarities of microwave radiation of the underlying surface in different natural zones of West Siberia depending on seasonal freezing and thawing of the underlying surface as well as on different physical characteristics of permafrost and seasonally frozen soils and vegetation.
Comparative analysis of the variability of the genetic structure of Anopheles messeae (Diptera, Culicidae) populations from Western Siberia and Eastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Abylkassymova G M , Wasserlauf I E , Sibataev A K , Stegniy V N , Andreeva Yu V , Sibataeva A M , Pervilyeva A V
Published: December 2019

A comparison of the species composition of anopheles mosquitoes from the East Kazakhstan region and the south of Western Siberia has been carried out. A comparative cytogenetic analysis of An. messeae larvae from the southern and central parts of the range was done. The tendency of displacement of the “south-eastern” genocomplexes from the center of the An. messeae habitat to its southern borders has been observed.
Spatial Heterogeneity of Bird Communities in the Natural Landscapes of the Southern Taiga of the Ob–Yenisei Interfluve and the Chulym River Valley (Tomsk Region)
Authors: Gureev S P , Nekhoroshev O G , Mitchell P J
Published: December 2019

The study area covers the Ob-Yenisei interfluve in the southern taiga zone of Western Siberia within the Tomsk region. On this territory in 2012, 2013 and 2017, the spatial heterogeneity of bird communities in the summer on routes stretching more than 350 km was studied. Thirty-nine habitats in the taiga, forest and swamp landscapes of the rivers and floodplains of large and medium rivers, as well as lesopolye landscapes of agricultural lands were surveyed. When analyzing the data, all of them are combined into 12 main types of landscape tracts, reflecting the diversity of natural conditions of the study area along the gradient from southeast to northwest along the Chulym river valley. Significant differences in population density, species richness and composition of the dominant bird species were established. In taiga and forest habitats there was a significant decrease in these indicators from north to south, which correlates with the overall productivity of cenoses and a variety of forest vegetation conditions. In floodplain intrazonal landscapes, spatial variability of bird communities is not associated with latitudinal differences, but is determined by such environmental factors as water encroachment onto territories, forest cover and population density within landscape tracts.
Seasonal dynamics of corvidae presence on the territory of the “Tomsk” airport in terms of ornithological flight safety
Authors: Kukhta A E
Published: December 2019

The study presents the results of year-round corvidae observations of aircraft dangerous to the aircraft in the airport. The annual dynamics of these birds’ occurrence were traced, their danger to aircraft was evaluated at different periods of the year and the reasons contributing to the increase of danger for aircrafts at certain periods were traced. The factors contributing to the corvidae presence on the airfield were identified.
Cryo-technologies of fish storage in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia: “lessons” from indigenous peoples
Authors: Lobanov A A , Fedorov R Yu , Andronov S V , Kochkin R A , Bogdanova E N , Kobelkova I V , Popov A I , Lobanova L P
Published: December 2019

The article presents traditional ecological knowledge of natural cryogenic resources (ice, snow, permafrost, etc.) for food preservation used by indigenous people, living in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug of Western Siberia. On the basis of ethnoecological approach and original fieldwork research, we analysed the construction of different types of storages for fish (“lednik”, ice cellar, “snezhnik”, and “merzlotnik”). As a result, we offered to adapt traditional ecological knowledge of indigenous people, living in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia, to developing new energy saving and eco-friendly technologies for preservation and transportation of fish, which could effectively use specifics of cryogenic conditions of the Arctic region.
Performance of biogas production from coffee pulp waste using semi-continuous anaerobic reactor
Authors: Widjaja T , Nurkhamidah S , Altway A , Iswanto T , Gusdyarto B , Ilham F F
Published: December 2019

The abundant coffee pulp waste can be used as a potential biogas feedstock due to its high cellulose and hemicellulose content. However, it contains lignin that difficult to be digested and caffeine and tannin that cause severe effects on microbial activity inside the digester. Therefore, alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) followed by rumen fluid pretreatment had been performed to remove those compounds and improve digestibility of the substrate. Moreover, the study obtained to find the reaction kinetics in biogas production from coffee pulp waste using a semi-continuous anaerobic reactor with HRT 20, 25, 30 and 35 days and a working volume of 1.5 L operated at 37 °C. In this study, the AHP pretreatment resulted in 75% of lignin removal, 57.76% of caffeine removal and a decrease in tannin until 0.54%. The highest methane yield obtained in this study was 0.24 L CH4 g VS−1. The kinetic constants (k) obtained were; k1 (reaction’s kinetic constant): 0.2923 day−1; k2 (maximum rate of soluble organics production/degradation): 720.1309 mg SCOD L−1 day−1; k3 (saturation constant): 253.2091 mg SCOD L−1 day−1; k4 (maximum rate of TVA consumption): 1,426.0831 mg TVA-COD L−1 day−1; and k5 (saturation constant): 57,794.4025 mg TVA-COD L−1 day−1.
Peanut shells-based adsorbent for lead removal from batik waste with potassium hydroxide and nitric acid activation
Authors: Wardalia  , Adiwibowo M T , Rusdi  , Hartono R , Mandalika A
Published: December 2019

Due to its uniqueness, the demand for batik keeps increasing. Environmental issues arise due to waste from batik production and needs to be taken care of. Adsorption of lead content in batik waste has been done using peanut shells-based adsorbents with potassium hydroxide and nitric acid activation. The peanut shells were heated at 450°C for 2 hours and screened through an 80 mesh filter. Base activation was done by mixing the adsorbent with KOH 50% solution for 30 minutes at 180 rpm. For acid activation, a solution of nitric acid was used instead. It was done at 90°C for 2 hours. The potassium hydroxide-activated adsorbent offered the best performance, reached 99.93%. While nitric acid-activated adsorbents have worse performance than unactivated adsorbent.
Analysis of characteristics and parking needs in Sudimara station South Tangerang
Authors: Setiawati D N , Intari D E , Wulandari R D
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to know the characteristics of parking activity on weekdays and holidays, and also to know the parking needs at this time land the next five years. This study used survey method with primary data obtained through direct survey that recorded the vehicles that come out and enter the parking area, so it can be known the duration of the vehicles that were parked. The results of the study showed that both the north and south parking areas, with the highest parking characteristics, occurred on weekdays, where the north parking area has an area of 3,538 m2 with parking capacity for two-wheeled vehicles 314 SRP and four-wheeled vehicles 105 SRP and the south parking area has an area of 3,617 m2 with parking capacity for two-wheeled vehicles 137 SRP and four-wheeled vehicles 158 SRP. The current insufficient parking requirements are only two-wheeled vehicles in the northern parking area, it is 29 SRP deficiencies, while for the next 5 years, parking requirements based on the current parking characteristics for two-wheeled vehicles in the northern parking area still lack of 68 SRP and on the southern parking area still lack of 17 SRP
The application of cone penetration test direct method in Jakarta
Authors: Ridhani F A , Bahsan E , Ilyas T
Published: December 2019

There are several methods to estimate the bearing capacity of pile foundation using cone penetration test (CPT). Hence, it is interesting to evaluate which method that suitable for a certain location. In this study, 55 piles histories in Jakarta, which consisted of bored piles and driven piles, are used in order to determine the bearing capacity using the following methods: Schmertmann, de Ruiter and Beringen, LCPC, Aoki and De Alencar, Penpile, Price and Wardle, Philipponnat, and Wesley. The pile capacities will be compared to the measured pile capacities from the bearing capacity from loading test: static pile load test which interpreted by Chin method and Decourt method, and the results from PDA testing. The statistical analyses used in this paper are the best fit line, mean and standard deviation, and log distribution with 20% of accuracy. Result shows that LCPC method is the most suitable direct method used in studied location as it has the best agreement among the methods mentioned; the cone penetration test direct method is more suitable used for driven pile; and the safety factor for Chin and Decourt loading test interpretation methods are 2.7 and 2.57 respectively according to Wesley direct method.
Study of voltage stability on photovoltaic integration into Lombok power system
Authors: Budiansyah M A , Putra T , Aryani D R , Utomo A R
Published: December 2019

Photovoltaic (PV) is known as an intermittent energy source so that the impacts need to be calculated by the developer. In order to ensure the presence of PV does not cause the reliability of the system interrupted, developers are required to perform the stability study before the integration. In this paper, voltage stability study is done by using various PV capacities ranging from 5 MWp to 15 MWp in systems with a capable capacity of 90.79 MW using software ETAP 12.6.0. PV generation is set at the maximum site irradiance where power drop due to weather condition. The analysis shows the system stabilized in less than 50 seconds where the voltage disturbance does not exceed 10% for PV with a capacity of 5 and 10 MWp which is connected to a distribution network. Meanwhile, PV with a capacity of 15 MWp requires load release in order to regain stability.
Simulation of stand-alone floating photovoltaic and battery systems
Authors: Aryani D R , Khairurraziq T A , Ramadhan G R , Wardana N S , Husnayain F , Garniwa I
Published: December 2019

The implementation of photovoltaic (PV) system has been evolving all over the world as the alternative energy sources are getting more required. However, the construction of PV power plants on the ground would need a large space. In regions which are lack of sites for the ground PV installation, a floating PV system is one of the solutions. This study analyses the performance of floating PV in supplying power to loads with a battery as the energy storage in a stand-alone system. The system is simulated using small capacities of PV module, battery, and load, where all components are integrated using a solar charge controller to maintain a safe operation. The performance of floating PV is compared to the ground PV in terms of the capacity factor, conversion efficiency, and operating efficiency. The average of capacity factor and conversion efficiency of floating PV is 1.53% and 0.79% higher than the ground PV respectively. Meanwhile, in terms of operating efficiency, floating PV is 1.48% more effective compared to the ground PV. One can notice that the floating PV provides better power efficiency compared to ground PV as the cell temperature is maintained well in an optimal circumstance.
Increasing web server performance using the web balancing method
Authors: Saraswati I , Praptodiyono S , Pramudyo A S , Kurniawan
Published: December 2019

The high level of activity of internet users, which will have a negative impact on information providers. Requests from many users can cause performance capabilities on the web-server to decrease. The large number of requests results in crashes or overloads that have an impact on requests that cannot be served by a single server. Web balancing technology is needed so that the incoming request load is not only served by one server. Some scheduling algorithms that will be applied to web balancing testing in this study are round-robin and weight round-robin. In this study using ipvsadm as a means of making web balancing. This test aims to determine the performance of web servers when using web balancing technology by measuring the QoS parameters of web server services. The results show, the best value for measuring QoS parameters is respons time, request error, throughput, in the weight round-robin scheduling algorithm method.
Voltage profile improvement analysis during the loss of transmission lines on 150kv subsystem using static synchronous compensator
Authors: Ali H , Rahardjo A , Setiawan A , Jufri F H , Husnayain F
Published: December 2019

A Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device which is Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) is commonly use to overcome voltage instability issue. However, the implementation of the STATCOM may cause a voltage increasement within the allowable limits in all areas and maintain the voltage stability of interconnected system. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimum placement of STATCOM to maintain the voltage profile of 150 kV subsystem during the loss of the transmission lines. The proposed methodology is verified by using a 150 kV interconnected system where the loss of two 150 kV transmission lines may lead to a voltage instability in the entire interconnected subsystem. The results show that the proposed method can maintain the voltage stability in the subsystem within the allowable limits in all period.
Identifying aid items of survival kit for natural disasters
Authors: Sopha B M , Asih A M S
Published: December 2019

Incompatible aid supplies, in which received aid items do not match with the need of the victims, appears to be one of persistent problems in relief operations. The mismatch can be argued as the need of aid supplies may vary over time and the nature of disaster creates different need of aid items which are not available in standard survival kit. The purpose of the present paper is to empirically identify aid items that should be available in survival kit by considering time-after-disaster and the nature of disaster. A survey with a total of 120 respondents, was conducted in Bantul and Sleman districts where earthquake and volcanoes eruption have occurred respectively. The respondents were asked to rate the urgency level of the aid items during the first and the second week after disaster. Results indicate the time after disaster, the nature of disaster, and the culture are significant factors influencing the required items of the survival kit. Furthermore, the required aid items during the first week are significantly different than those during the second week after disaster. It is also worth mentioning that the type of disaster determines crucial specific aid items that should be provided in the survival kit.
A Simulation study of availability analysis on a chemical process industry considering spare part inventory
Authors: Salsabila N Y , Siswanto N
Published: December 2019

A maintenance strategy is an important factor in the production activities of the process industry. Since the process industry consists of many components, the failure mode is relatively complex. This paper observes one of the petrochemical companies in Indonesia which produces Pythalic Anhydride. The company is able to produce in 20.69 days every month. In reality, during 2017, the company produced 23 days every month on average. Production, known as the calendar day, which cannot achieve the target can affect customer service level. This research focuses on evaluating availability in order to minimize Mean Time to Repair (MTTR). One of the best strategies is to control the spare part inventory policy so that the spare part must be available when an equipment downtime occurs. We will use two modeling techniques to solve the problem: (a) reliability block diagram will be used to model the failure mode and (b) the simulation model will be used to model the entire system, including random variables and variable inter-dependency. After conducting scenario analysis by varying some parameters, the availability increased to 91.8% and average calendar days decreased to 22.64 days per month.
Minimize transportation cost with clark and wright algorithm saving heuristic method with considering traffic congestion factor
Authors: Kristina S , Jason
Published: December 2019

Bandung has more than 500 city parks that spread in 5 sectors which need to be maintained. As the department in charge of the city park watering, Diskamtam need to design their daily watering route and schedules to minimize operational costs. The watering route will be designed by using Clark and Wright Saving Heuristic method. By taking into account congestion factors, transportation cost can be minimized, and watering schedule can be developed. Trucks with the capacity of 5.000 litres will be assigned to water every 25 parks in the sector 2 route and the sector 4 route. This study find sector 2 need to be divided into five watering routes and sector 4 need to be divided into 4 watering routes. as a result, there is a 0.83% increase in operational cost. this is due to the congestion factor.
Fuzzy inference system for evaluating supplier in shrimp agroindustry
Authors: Herlina L , Machfud  , Anggraeni E , Sukardi
Published: December 2019

Shrimp agroindustry deals with processing raw shrimp into various frozen shrimp products. The production of frozen shrimp products are continuously produced based on consumer demand with uncertain pattern. To sustain this production, it is fundamental to enable supply of raw material to satisfy customer demand. Therefore, working integrated with suppliers to satisfy customer demand is a fundamental goal for shrimp agroindustry. A selection of suppliers in agroindustry is determined based on to three criteria, that are quality of raw materials, number of raw material arrival, and payment scheme. These criteria are used as a measurement to evaluate supplier performances by decision makers. To minimize uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers when choosing suppliers, a fuzzy inference system method is proposed. The outcomes of the fuzzy inference system method are a set of rule base that is used to assess suppliers in shrimp agroindustry.