bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АНАЛІТИЧНА ТА ЧИСЕЛЬНА ЛІНЕАРИЗАЦІЯ НЕЛІНІЙНОЇ ДИНАМІЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ЛІТАЛЬНОГО АПАРАТУ ЗА НАЯВНОСТІ ВІТРУ
Authors: Farhadi Rahman Mohammadi , Кортунов Вячеслав Иванович
Published: September 2023

In this paper, nonlinear mathematical dynamic model for standard unmanned aerial vehicle, Aerosonde was developed at low velocities in the presence of wind and then its linearized model was derived using numerical and analytical-numerical methods. These linearized dynamic models and nonlinear one were simulated and compared with each other. It was shown that analytical-numerical and numerical linear models with nonlinear dynamic model confirm each other adequately. It must be mentioned that analytical-numerical linear model more accurate and closer to nonlinear model than numerical linear model, because of errors in calculating numerical linear model due to hard nonlinearities. Achieved linear models can be used for control system design purposes. Worst-case linear model was obtained for aerodynamic coefficients uncertainties. It means that these linearized models can be used for obtaining required accurate nominal linear models and uncertainties to design robust control system
СПРОЩЕНИЙ СПОСІБ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГІДРОСТАТОДИНАМІЧНИХ ПІДШИПНИКІВ ЗДВОЄНОГО ТИПУ
Authors: Назин Владимир Иосифович
Published: September 2023

A system of equations, which allows a simplified method to determine the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the bearing hydrostatodynamic double type. The generalization to the case of the calculation model of the turbulent flow of the working fluid. A mathematical model, brought to the form adapted to the numerical implementation. Apply the most rational numerical methods for the realization of the theoretical curves. Results nonlinear equations of motion of the disk with the shaft inside the bearing, allowing to analyze the resonance zone and boundary of the stability of the shaft movement in the bearings under consideration. Considered the most sustainable method of numerical implementation of the equations of motion of the shaft with the disc inside the bearing. A sequence of calculation of dynamic characteristics of bearing hydrostatodynamic double type.
АНАЛІЗ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК СПОТВОРЕНЬ ПРИ СТИСНЕННІ ЗОБРАЖЕНЬ СУЧАСНИМИ МЕТОДАМИ НА ОСНОВІ ДКП
Authors: Швец Виктор Павлович , Лукин Владимир Васильевич
Published: September 2023

Expedience of studying statistical and spatial spectral characteristics of distortions introduced by methods of image lossy compression based on the discrete cosine transform is substantiated. It is shown that the law of distortion distribution is close to normal at small values of compression ratio (CR), but it can significantly differ from normal for large values of CR. The distortions introduced are practically uncorrelated or slightly correlated. The level of distortions introduced is locally changing and the largest distortions are observed in locally active areas of images. At the same quantization step of DCT coefficients, the statistical characteristics of the introduced distortions can differ substantially.
НАУКОВІ ОСНОВИ СТВОРЕННЯ ВИСОКОЕНТРОПІЙНИХ КАРБІДНИХ ТА ОКСИДНИХ НАНОПОКРИТТІВ НА НАДТВЕРДОМУ МАТЕРІАЛІ КОРТИНИТ
Authors: Костюк Геннадий Игоревич , Кантемир Ирина Владимировна
Published: September 2023

The possibility of creating highly entropic carbide and oxide nanocoatings on superhard material Cortinitis based on hafnium, zircon, molybdenum, tungsten, yttrium and nickel was investigated. An investigation was made of the production of nitride, carbide, boride and oxide coatings and nitrides, carbides, borides and oxides directly in the body of the material at ion energies in the range from 200 to 2·104 eV with charge numbers from 1 to 3. Important characteristics were obtained: the grain volume for all the ions and nitrogen, carbon, boron and oxygen ions listed and their depth, which allows us to evaluate the layers of nanostructures or submicrostructures that can be formed by these high-entropy coatings. Moreover, it is shown that it is possible to avoid the production of intermetallic compounds due to the high mobility of nitrogen ions.
СИСТЕМА ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ НАДДУВНОГО ПОВІТРЯ СУДНОВОГО ДВИГУНА ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ЗГОРЯННЯ ТЕРМОПРЕСОРОМ З УПОРСКУВАННЯМ ПЕРЕГРІТОЇ ВОДИ
Authors: Коновалов Дмитро Вікторович , Кобалава Галина Олександрівна , Стародубець Сергій Ігорович
Published: September 2023

The scheme solution by using thermopressor as the part of three-circuit cooling system of the medium-speed marine engine is analyzed. The way to improve of the efficiency of the water spray process in the thermopressor is considered. Using of overheated water injection in the thermopressor of the charge air cooling system makes it possible to increase the relative increase air pressure at the outlet thermopressor to 5...8 %, with a corresponding reduction in the power of the engine turbocharger.
ЛОКАЛЬНО-АДАПТИВНА ФІЛЬТРАЦІЯ ЗОБРАЖЕНЬ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТЕТРОЛЕТ ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ
Authors: Рубель Андрей Сергеевич , Лукин Владимир Васильевич
Published: September 2023

Image filtering is one of the main tasks in image processing. Images are inevitably subject to noise during image formation and subsequent transmission. Thus, it is desirable to remove noise. Image denoising (filtering) improves visual appearance and facilitates subsequent automatic processing (segmentation, classification, detection of edges). A large number of filters has been developed so far. Among them, filters based on orthogonal transforms as well as non-local filters are the most effective. One of the representatives of filters based on orthogonal transforms is the standard sliding window DCT filter. Its effectiveness differs only slightly from the best non-local filters. Non-local filters use search of similar blocks in order to perform collaborative filtering for collected blocks. Due to this, non-local filters require significant computational costs. However, practically all filters run into difficulties in edge/detail preserving. Very often heterogeneous image regions (such as edges, fine details and textures) after denoising seem smeared despite the high noise suppression efficiency. Such a problem is of great importance for segmentation and classification tasks. Because of this, it is expedient to detect such regions and process them without losing useful information. One of techniques able to efficiently preserve edges is the tetrolet transform based filter, nevertheless its noise suppression efficiency is significantly inferior to the DCT filter. In this paper, we propose a locally adaptive filter able to efficiently suppress additive white Gaussian noise and, at the same time, to preserve edges and fine details. The proposed filter is a combination of the DCT filter and tetrolet-based filter, where edge-detail blocks are processed using tetrolet-based filter. In particular, this approach consists of heterogeneity detection and weighting of DCT based and tetrolet transform based filter outputs for the detected areas. Optimization of the locally adaptive filter parameters is carried out. Performance analysis of proposed filter and the DCT filter is done using visual quality metrics. It is demonstrated that the proposed filter provides good edge and fine details preservation capability.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВРАЗЛИВОСТЕЙ І ВИНИКАЮЧИХ ЗБИТКІВ У ЛОГІСТИЦІ РОЗПОДІЛЕНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
Authors: Федорович Олег Евгеньевич , Гайденко Олег Александрович , Пуйденко Вадим Алексеевич
Published: September 2023

The problem of researching vulnerabilities and their impact on the occurrence of possible losses in the logistics of distributed production has been stated and solved. Due to the proposed approach a set of potential vulnerabilities in production logistics is analyzed, losses in case of vulnerabilities are assessed, a set of actions is taken to minimize the threats and losses, and logistical processes are simulated taking into account vulnerabilities and losses in production logistics. The research is carried out in the following areas: identification of multiple vulnerabilities and assessment of possible losses, optimization of costs on measures to reduce the risks of vulnerabilities, the simulation of logistics processes taking into account risks and losses. The set of possible vulnerabilities are analyzed in order to identify the critical ones. The impact of combinations of vulnerabilities on the losses is assessed by means of full-factorial experiment planning and expert evaluations. In order to minimize the costs related to the reducing of vulnerabilities risks the method of Boolean linear programming is used. A multi-agent simulation of the distributed production logistics chain “supply-production-sales” is carried out taking into account the vulnerability threats to define the losses in each individual element of the chain. In order to conduct the research, methods of expert evaluation, multi-criteria optimization, lexicographic ordering of variants and agent simulation are used
РОЗРАХУНОК ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНОГО КЛАПАНА ЗАСОБАМИ ЧИСЕЛЬНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Титов М. Ю. , Лоян А. В. , Ищенко Е. И.
Published: September 2023

The paper presents results of calculating the magnetic system of a solenoid valve in a package for numerical simulation. А scheme of the prototype valve, а principle of its operation and the main characteristics are given. A description is given of numerical model of the magnetic valve system: magnetic properties of the elements, the forces acting on the movable elements of the valve, the law of the electric power supply of the valve. The results of the calculations were: laws of armature force to stator variation in time, movement of the armature in time, as well as the distribution of the induction of the magnetic field over the elements of the magnetic system of the valve. The effect of the dimensions of the elements of the magnetic system, the influence of the opening voltage, the type of magnetic materials used on the valve characteristics were studied by calculation.
РАЗРАБОТКА АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЙ БЕСКОНТАКТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ЛИЧНОСТИ
Authors: Проценко Игорь Анатольевич , Желтухин Александр Васильевич
Published: September 2023

A block diagram was developed, consisting of the microcontroller, USB Hub, 3 web cameras, touchscreen display, Wi-Fi adapter, radio tape recorder, sound siren, temperature measuring units, illumination and relative accelerations, RAM, flash memory cards, power supply, CAN bus driver, USB interface and real time clock. Approximate calculation of the data flow rate from the web camera via the USB Hub to the microcontroller is performed. As a result, the stream of transmitted data stream from 3 web cameras is 37mb/s, which is an acceptable norm for microcontroller processing and satisfies the USB transfer rates
АВТОМАТИЧНЕ ВИДАЛЕННЯ ГАУСОВОГО ШУМУ НА ЦИФРОВИХ ЗОБРАЖЕННЯХ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ КВАЗІОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ФІЛЬТРА ГАУСА
Authors: Баловсяк Сергій Васильович , Одайська Христина Савелівна
Published: September 2023

A mathematical model, method and software are developed for the automatic removal of Gaussian noise in digital images by quasioptimal Gaussian filter. The calculation of Gaussian noise level is performed by a method which based on image filtering and iterative selection of region of interest. As the noise level its standard deviation is used. The useful signal in the image is described by the sum of sinusoids. In the first model the brightness of the useful signal is described by one sinusoid, and in the second model by two mutually perpendicular sinusoids. The used models allow us to take into account distortions of useful signal that arise when filtering images to remove noise. The periods and amplitudes of the sinusoid of the useful signal are calculated based on the radial distribution for the power spectrum of the initial image. The orientation of the brightness of the initial image is expressed in terms of the eccentricity, which is calculated on the basis of the central discrete moments of its power spectrum, transformed in accordance with Parseval's theorem. The parameters of the quasioptimal Gaussian filter are calculated on the basis of the four above-described parameters of the initial image: noise level, eccentricity of the image, period and amplitude of sinusoid of the useful signal. The quasioptimal value of the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter kernel is obtained as the value, at which the standard deviation of brightness of the filtered image from the brightness of useful signal is minimized. When calculating the quasioptimal kernel of the Gaussian filter, simultaneous reduction of the noise level and distortion of the useful signal that occur as a result of low-frequency filtering of the initial image are taken into account. The accuracy of the developed filtering method was verified by removing of Gaussian noise on a set of 100 test images. To estimate the accuracy of the filtering of test images, the root mean square error between the brightness of the filtered and the initial images was used, as well as the peak signal-to-noise ratio for the filtered images. An analysis of the peak signal-to-noise ratio for test filtered images showed that the developed method for removing Gaussian noise is quasioptimal. Software implementation of the developed method of automatic removal of Gaussian noise in digital images is performed in the MATLAB system.
Economic evaluation of a business model of a Vanilla planifolia bio-factory using BIT® bioreactors
Authors: Rodríguez-Deméneghi Marco Vinicio , Gheno-Heredia Yaqueline A. , Aguilar-Rivera Noé , Ramí­rez -Mosqueda Dr. Marco Antonio
Published: September 2023

Objective: To evaluate the economic and financial viability for the implementation of a biofactory responsible for the in vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia with TIB® bioreactors.
Design/methodology/approach: A completely randomized design was used. The data were processed with the IBM SPSS Statistics software (version 21). A Mann-Whitney U test was performed (p≤ 0.05). An Economic-Financial Evaluation was carried out, determining the main economic indicators: Profitability, Minimum Acceptable Rate of Return (MARR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C R).
Results: TIB® temporary immersion bioreactors were used in this study. An average multiplication rate of 18.37 shoots per explant was obtained. When performing the economic-financial analysis of this agribusiness model over a five-year horizon, it yielded an Internal Rate of Return of 12.36%, a Benefit-Cost Ratio of 1.81, and a Net Present Value of MX$286,506.73 pesos (US$ 14,474.93), with a payback period of two years and seven months.
Limitations on study/implications: Using semi-solid culture media in the multiplication stage in vanilla decreases the production capacity and significantly lowers the profitability of the biofactory.
Findings/conclusions: The profitability of a biofactory for the production of vanilla depends on the multiplication rate, achieved in this case satisfactorily through the use of TIB®. This vanilla biofactory agribusiness model using bioreactors can be adopted by investors as an economic development strategy.
Interpretación económica de la teoría del control óptimo
Authors: Dorfman Robert
Published: September 2023

Traducción del artículo Dorfman, Robert (1969) “An Economic Interpretation of Optimal Control Theory”, The American Economic Review, vol. lix, núm. 5, diciembre, pp. 817-831.
Fuzzy Logic Weighted Averaging Algorithm for Malaysian Banknotes Reader Featuring Counterfeit Detection
Authors: Al-Hila Turki Khaled , Wong Wai Kit , Min Thu Soe , Wong Eng Kiong
Published: September 2023

This paper proposed a novel fuzzy logic weighted averaging (FLWA) algorithm in image processing techniques to detect counterfeit Malaysian banknotes. Image acquisition techniques on banknote position detection and re-adjustment, image pre-processing techniques, feature extraction methods on Malaysian banknotes’ watermarks are also covered in the paper. The FLWA Algorithm has the advantage of a much simpler model since it is a human guidance learning algorithm that does not require enrolment process to get the specific weights for each security feature. Each security feature is treated with equal weight. The experimental results also shown that FLWA model also outperform the MobileNet model and VGG16 model in Malaysian banknotes’ counterfeit detection. It has a distinct advantage over earlier or current banknote counterfeit detection techniques in that it adopted the known watermarks features, with known machine learning techniques to identify real Malaysian banknotes and detect those counterfeit Malaysian banknotes.
Performances Analysis and Comparison of Active and Hybrid Harmonic Filter in Photovoltaic Water Pumping System
Authors: Maw SiSi
Published: September 2023

As an agriculturally based country, many rivers pumping stations are implemented in Myanmar. Currently, these pumping stations are operated with utility supply or diesel engines. For reliable energy supply and energy cost saving, the solar powered river pumping stations are now carried out in Myanmar. Most of these pumping stations are located at the dry zones especially at Magway, Mandalay and Sagaing Divisions. The main problem with solar powered river pumping station is the harmonic induced due to DC/DC boost converter and three phase inverters. Harmonics are the important problem in solar river water pumping system as they can shorten the life span of pumping motors and vibrations. Thus, harmonic filters become the main function of these system. In this research, the harmonic mitigation for Kanni river pumping system is executed using active and hybrid harmonic filter and their performances are compared. In this work, solar river water pumping system is designed firstly, and then modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Harmonic contents and mitigation performances of each filter are analysed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) tool.
Simulation of Dual-Material Hetero-Double Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) in Sub-Micron Region
Authors: Tan Chun Fui , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: September 2023

To meet the performance requirements of low power mobile devices, a device with a high ION/IOFF ratio at low-VDD is needed. TFETs are gaining popularity due to their low subthreshold slope and high transconductance compared to MOSFETs. However, silicon-based TFETs have low on-state current, which limits their use in high-performance applications. To overcome this limitation, using a narrower band gap material like Ge can increase tunneling efficiency at the source side. Additionally, the larger ambipolar current associated with Si-TFETs can be reduced by considering a dual-material hetero-double-gate-dielectric (DM HDG) TFET. The main objective of this research is to propose and characterize a new TFET structure by considering the advantages associated with hetero structure and hetero-gate-dielectric TFETs, which realizes a device with an enhanced ION and a suppressed ambipolar current. The structure was fabricated with the addition of a hetero-dielectric Buried Oxide (BOX) on the doped substrate for the reduction of ambipolar current. We will adopt source-to-gate overlap technique to achieve desired subthreshold slope (SS). All the simulations were done by using 2-D TCAD simulator by Atlas Silvaco. The structure was optimized in terms of (ION/IOFF) and other performance metrics and simulation results were compared with other available structures in the literature.
DIALOGISMO NAS PRÁTICAS EDUCACIONAIS DO SERVIÇO DE TECNOLOGIA ALTERNATIVA (SERTA) EM PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Andrade da Silva Nicéia , Mendes de Andrade e Peres Flávia
Published: September 2023

Neste trabalho, buscou-se analisar um jogo de vozes sociais nas vivências e práticas educativas do Serviço de Tecnologia Alternativa (SERTA), observando como as interações e o dialogismo decorrentes delas podem contribuir para a construção dos Projetos de Vida dos estudantes. Nosso objetivo foi compreender as contribuições da proposta metodológica realizada no Serta, considerando o jogo dialógico presente nos enunciados dos sujeitos, a partir das interações possibilitadas pelas experiências no espaço formativo. Com foco nas relações dialógicas entre atividades vivenciadas no Serta e a construção de Projetos de Vida, temos como base teórica a abordagem histórico-cultural, a qual considera os fatores sociais, culturais e históricos para a construção desses projetos. A pesquisa foi realizada em 3 momentos: i) imersivo (observação participante); ii) documental (análise de documentos orientadores das práticas no Serta); iii) enunciativo (questionário online). Os dados foram analisados à luz da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), ancorada em Bakhtin. Os resultados desse trabalho indicam que as vivências e atividades da alternância, propostas pelo Programa Educacional de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável (PEADS), oportunizam partilha de saberes, prática de conhecimentos e orientações aos projetos de vida para os territórios.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Juventudes Campesinas. Projetos de Vida. SERTA.
Perspectivas da rede de Atenção Primária à Saúde ao Comportamento Suicida
Authors: Rodrigues Jeferson , Leal Ferreira Micheli , Ambrosina de Oliveira Vargas Mara , Zilli Francielly , Trentin Daiane , Antunes Lucas
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: analisar a atuação dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde à pessoa com comportamento suicida na perspectiva de redes de atenção. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida com 19 profissionais da saúde de nível superior e com profissionais da gestão dos serviços da atenção primária à saúde de um município catarinense, realizada durante o período de agosto a setembro de 2018. Resultados: O comportamento suicida não é facilmente identificado, pois sua avaliação engloba o caminho percorrido na rede de atenção primária à saúde, e as dificuldades encontradas estão associadas à ausência de um protocolo ou diretriz que define e padroniza as ações.            Conclusão: O estabelecimento de vínculo e aproximação entre profissionais e sujeitos acolhidos são apontados como importantes na atuação profissional, e as unidades básicas de saúde foram apontadas como a principal porta de entrada e gestora dos cuidados, embora a articulação entre os serviços enfrente limitações.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Peduli Api Balikpapan Melalui Budidaya Maggot Black Soldier Fly Dalam Mengurangi Limbah Organik
Authors: Sulaiman Mochamad , Karim Abdul Alimul , Maharani Yuniar , Anisa Nurfadilah , Gultom Enryco Sebastian
Published: September 2023

Limbah organik yang tidak terkelola dengan baik dapat menyebabkan pencemaran udara, tanah, dan air. Tidak hanya merusak lingkungan, tetapi juga dapat berdampak negatif pada kesehatan manusia. Tujuan utama kegiatan ini adalah mengurangi limbah dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan limbah organik. Budidaya maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF) memiliki peran yang krusial dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk pengelolaan limbah organik. Budidaya maggot memungkinkan masyarakat untuk mengubah limbah organik, seperti sisa makanan dan limbah pertanian, menjadi sumber daya yang bernilai. Partisipasi aktif mitra dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan melalui budidaya maggot menjadi pilar penting dalam dampak positif dari program ini. Komitmen mitra dalam belajar dan menerapkan budidaya ditunjukkan dengan semangat untuk menciptakan perubahan positif dalam lingkungan dan kehidupan. Budidaya maggot memiliki dampak yang cukup signifikan dalam pengelolaan limbah organik ditunjukan dengan hasil survey kepuasan mitra. Melalui penerapan budidaya ini, masyarakat memanfaatkan limbah menjadi sumber daya bernilai, meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi, dan menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih bersih dan berkelanjutan.
The Relationships of SNS Use, Social Achievement Goals, and Life Satisfaction: A Study of Korean College Students
Authors: Kim Boreum , Rho Minjeong
Published: September 2023

Social networking sites (SNS) provide efficient communication. However, SNS use sometimes risks a user’s life satisfaction. Based on the prior findings that one’s social orientation influences the impact of SNS use on life satisfaction, this study examined the pathways to explain how SNS use affects individuals’ life satisfaction through social achievement goals. A main path model and two gender-specified path models were tested using 438 Korean college student samples. The results showed that social development goals mediated the relationships between active SNS use and life satisfaction across all three path models. The social demonstration approach goal was positively predicted by active SNS use in the main model and the male model, but it did not predict life satisfaction in both models. The social demonstration-avoidance goal was positively predicted by active SNS use in the main and female models. Still, it negatively predicted life satisfaction in both models. Implications and directions for future study are discussed.
Administrative Withdrawal Policies: ‘Good’ Policies or ‘Bad’ Ethics
Authors: Batchelor John H. , Burch Gerald F. , Burch Jana J. , Barber III Dennis
Published: September 2023

Many universities have adopted Administrative Withdrawal Policies that allow administrators to remove students from classes without the student’s permission. These policies potentially protect students but also provide a means of artificially improving key funding metrics. This study uses Agency Theory to examine over 1,100 Division I, II, and III U.S. universities and compares the usage of Administrative Withdrawal Policies to state and federal funding. Results show Division II schools receiving less state funding have adopted these policies at a higher rate than Division II schools receiving more. Recommendations for future use of these policies is provided.
Teachers’ Perspectives on Social Values and Their Influence on Sustainable Development in Ajloun Governorate
Authors: Melhim Mohammad Abu , Rababah Mahmoud Ali , Rabab’a Yasser A. , Zainelabdin Fatima A. , Al Dalaeen Issam , Abu Zaytoon Nasser A. , Alqiam Hamzeh A. A. , Al-khatib Lubna Ibrahim
Published: September 2023

This study examines the level of social values among teachers and its correlation with their understanding of sustainable development requirements. The study’s sample consisted of 220 teachers randomly selected from Ajloun schools. The study's findings indicate that social values are highly regarded across various domains, except for work values, which received an average ranking. Moreover, the results reveal a statistically significant gender-based difference in the level of social values (α = 0.05), favoring females, as well as variations based on experience, favoring the “9 years or more” category. Furthermore, the study highlights a strong awareness of the interconnected requirements for sustainable development, particularly in social, environmental, and economic dimensions. The findings also demonstrate a statistically significant positive correlation (α = 0.01) between participants’ overall evaluation of social values and their comprehensive assessment of sustainable development principles. The study proposes the integration of societal ideals and sustainable development criteria into student curricula and teacher training programs. This integration aims to enhance the understanding and application of sustainable development concepts among teachers.
Examining the Relative Age Effect of Elite Paralympic Athletes
Authors: Bayarslan Bahadır , Çevik Ali
Published: September 2023

Although there are many studies on the Paralympic Games and athletes, which are an international organization, there are not enough studies in the literature on the "relative age effect" in Paralympic athletes. The research is the first study to examine the successful Paralympic athletes in terms of "relative age effect", especially in this respect. The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the relative age effect of the successful paralympic athletes. The model of the research was determined as "Basic Qualitative Research" and the data collection technique in the research was determined as "Document Analysis". The analysis of the data in the research was made according to the Miles and Huberman model. The universe of the research consisted of athletes who participated in the Paralympic Games between 1960 and 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 30 elite athletes, including the athletes who won the most gold medals in the Paralympic Games. The sampling method of the research is density sampling based on heuristic approach. As a result, it was understood that for the successful Paralympic athletes, the number of athletes born in the first six months of the election year is higher than those born in the last six months. Thus, it has been concluded that the elite Paralympic athletes with medals in the Paralympic Games are affected by the relative age effect.
Migratory behavior and maternal origin of anadromous brown trout in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Losee J , Claiborne A , Palm D , Holmgren A , Anderson A , Brodin T , Hellström G
Published: September 2023

In the Baltic Sea, brown trout have been shown to make extensive use of the marine ecosystem; however, little is known regarding their movements between freshwater and marine environments or the interactions between individuals at different life history stages within a population. First, we analyzed the otolith structure and chemistry of hatchery origin (n = 26) anadromous brown trout with known life history and maternal origin to evaluate the efficacy of otolith microchemistry to distinguish between freshwater habitat in northern Sweden and marine rearing in the northern Baltic Sea. We then described the maternal origin and migration patterns of wild anadromous brown trout (n = 59) originating from the Ume and Vindel River catchment in Northern Sweden. Otolith microchemistry revealed that the majority (73%) of fish made 3 or more (up to 5) migrations to the marine environment prior to capture, presumably to feed. We observed a high degree of life history diversity, where trout first migrated to sea from age-1 to age-4 and either migrated back to freshwater once each year (presumably to spawn) or spent more than 1 yr in the marine environment before returning to freshwater. While 42% of the wild anadromous trout were judged to be the progeny of a resident mother, sex ratio, age, and inter-habitat migrations were similar for resident and anadromous progeny, highlighting the role of resident life histories in producing anadromous adults. Results reported here provide managers with new information to support the protection and enhancement of brown trout populations in places where they have declined.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita
Authors: Ristiani Ristiani , Riza Nelva
Published: September 2023

Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan utama yang berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Stunting termasuk pada kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita akan kurangnya gizi yang bersifat kronis sehingga tinggi badan kurang berdasarkan usianya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting pada balita. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan desain penelitian crosssectional. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu dengan balita yang berjumlah sebanyak 60 orang menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (P = 0,009), riwayat ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (P = 0,004), pengetahuan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (P = 0,012) dan riwayat penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (P = 0,001). Namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara pekerjaan ibu dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (P = 0,347). Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan pendidikan ibu, riwayat ASI eksklusif, pengetahuan dan riwayat penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian stuting pada balita. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menyesuaikan strategi di masa akan datang untuk mengurangi balita stunting.
Margins of postural stability in Parkinson’s disease: an application of control theory
Authors: Rahmati Zahra , Behzadipour Saeed , Taghizadeh Ghorban
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Postural instability is a restrictive feature in Parkinson’s disease (PD), usually assessed by clinical or laboratory tests. However, the exact quantification of postural stability, using stability theorems that take into account human dynamics, is still lacking. We investigated the feasibility of control theory and the Nyquist stability criterion—gain margin (GM) and phase margin (PM)—in discriminating postural instability in PD, as well as the effects of a balance-training program.

Methods: Center-of-pressure (COP) data of 40 PD patients before and after a 4-week balance-training program, and 20 healthy control subjects (HCs) (Study1) as well as COP data of 20 other PD patients at four time points during a 6-week balance-training program (Study2), collected in two earlier studies, were used. COP was recorded in four tasks, two on a rigid surface and two on foam, both with eyes open and eyes closed. A postural control model (an inverted pendulum with a Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and time delay) was fitted to the COP data to subject-specifically identify the model parameters thereby calculating |GM| and PM for each subject in each task.

Results: PD patients had a smaller margin of stability (|GM| and PM) compared with HCs. Particularly, patients, unlike HCs, showed a drastic drop in PM on foam. Clinical outcomes and margins of stability improved in patients after balance training. |GM| improved early in week 4, followed by a plateau during the rest of the training. In contrast, PM improved late (week 6) in a relatively continuous-progression form.

Conclusion: Using fundamental stability theorems is a promising technique for the standardized quantification of postural stability in various tasks.
ZotCare: a flexible, personalizable, and affordable mhealth service provider
Authors: Labbaf Sina , Abbasian Mahyar , Azimi Iman , Dutt Nikil , Rahmani Amir M.
Published: September 2023

The proliferation of Internet-connected health devices and the widespread availability of mobile connectivity have resulted in a wealth of reliable digital health data and the potential for delivering just-in-time interventions. However, leveraging these opportunities for health research requires the development and deployment of mobile health (mHealth) applications, which present significant technical challenges for researchers. While existing mHealth solutions have made progress in addressing some of these challenges, they often fall short in terms of time-to-use, affordability, and flexibility for personalization and adaptation. ZotCare aims to address these limitations by offering ready-to-use and flexible services, providing researchers with an accessible, cost-effective, and adaptable solution for their mHealth studies. This article focuses on ZotCare’s service orchestration and highlights its capabilities in creating a programmable environment for mHealth research. Additionally, we showcase several successful research use cases that have utilized ZotCare, both in the past and in ongoing projects. Furthermore, we provide resources and information for researchers who are considering ZotCare as their mHealth research solution.
Orthographic similarity ratings for English-Spanish cognates from the academic word list
Authors: Hout Michael C. , Montelongo Jose , White Bryan L. , Hernandez Anita , Serrano-Wall Francisco
Published: September 2023

Cognates are words that are orthographically and semantically identical (or similar) between languages. The purpose of Experiment 1 was to provide educators and researchers with orthographic similarity ratings for the English-Spanish cognate words that comprise the Academic Word List (Coxhead, 2000). To this end, similarity ratings for the 473 English-Spanish cognate pairs were collected from 42 students enrolled in literacy education courses at a southwestern university. Experiment 2 was conducted to validate the ratings from Experiment 1 using reaction time. We found that the orthographic similarity ratings were strongly correlated with reaction times during this task, lending support to the usefulness of the transparency ratings obtained in Experiment 1. Thus, educators and researchers can avail themselves of these ratings to create leveled educational materials for language instruction or to statistically calibrate experimental stimuli for learning and memory investigations. Additionally, we report an initial-letter effect, which describes the finding that the earlier an English word deviates from its Spanish cognate, the lower the similarity rating for the cognate pair, thus extending the generalizeability of the initial-letter effect observed in prior research.
Clinical relevance and outcome of familial papillary thyroid cancer: a single institution study of 626 familial cases
Authors: Li Zhuyao , Zhang Hongri , Yan Yu , Li Xiang , Jia Meng , Zhou Honglong , Lu Xiubo
Published: September 2023

Background

Whether familial thyroid cancer is more aggressive than sporadic thyroid cancer remains controversial. Additionally, whether the number of affected family members affects the prognosis is unknown. This study focused mainly on the comparison of the clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses between papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients with and without family history.

Methods

A total of 626 familial papillary thyroid cancer (FPTC) and 1252 sporadic papillary thyroid cancer (SPTC) patients were included in our study. The clinical information associated with FPTC and SPTC was recorded and analyzed by univariate analysis.

Results

Patients in the FPTC group had a higher rate of multifocality (p=0.001), bilaterality (p=0.000), extrathyroidal invasion (p=0.000), distant metastasis (p=0.012), lymph node metastasis (p=0.000), recurrence (p=0.000), a larger tumor size (p=0.000) and more malignant lymph nodes involved (central: p=0.000; lateral: p=0.000). In addition, our subgroup analysis showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between patients with only one affected family member and those with two of more group in all clinicopathological characteristics. In papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) subgroup analysis, we found that FPTMC patients harbored significantly larger tumors (p=0.000), higher rates of multifocality (p=0.014), bilaterality (p=0.000), distant metastasis (p=0.038), lymph node metastasis (p=0.003), greater numbers of malignant lymph nodes (central: p=0.002; lateral: p=0.044), higher rates of I-131 treatment (p=0.000) and recurrence (p=0.000) than SPTMC patients.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that PTC and PTMC patients with a positive family history had more aggressive clinicopathological behaviors, suggesting that more vigilant screening and management for FPTC may be helpful.
Mutations on a conserved distal enhancer in the porcine C-reactive protein gene impair its expression in liver
Authors: Hernández-Banqué Carles , Jové-Juncà Teodor , Crespo-Piazuelo Daniel , González-Rodríguez Olga , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Esteve-Codina Anna , Mercat Marie-José , Bink Marco C. A. M. , Quintanilla Raquel , Ballester Maria
Published: September 2023

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an evolutionary highly conserved protein. Like humans, CRP acts as a major acute phase protein in pigs. While CRP regulatory mechanisms have been extensively studied in humans, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that control pig CRP gene expression. The main goal of the present work was to study the regulatory mechanisms and identify functional genetic variants regulating CRP gene expression and CRP blood levels in pigs. The characterization of the porcine CRP proximal promoter region revealed a high level of conservation with both cow and human promoters, sharing binding sites for transcription factors required for CRP expression. Through genome-wide association studies and fine mapping, the most associated variants with both mRNA and protein CRP levels were localized in a genomic region 39.3 kb upstream of CRP. Further study of the region revealed a highly conserved putative enhancer that contains binding sites for several transcriptional regulators such as STAT3, NF-kB or C/EBP-β. Luciferase reporter assays showed the necessity of this enhancer-promoter interaction for the acute phase induction of CRP expression in liver, where differences in the enhancer sequences significantly modified CRP activity. The associated polymorphisms disrupted the putative binding sites for HNF4α and FOXA2 transcription factors. The high correlation between HNF4α and CRP expression levels suggest the participation of HNF4α in the regulatory mechanism of porcine CRP expression through the modification of its binding site in liver. Our findings determine, for the first time, the relevance of a distal regulatory element essential for the acute phase induction of porcine CRP in liver and identify functional polymorphisms that can be included in pig breeding programs to improve immunocompetence.
De novo whole transcriptome analysis of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from the gut of an infected Labeo rohita
Authors: Das Basanta Kumar , Kumar Vikash , Das Priyanka , Nayak Kausalya K.
Published: September 2023

Aeromonas hydrophila is a major generalist bacterial pathogen causing severe infections and mortalities in aquatic animals. Its genome, which was the first to be sequenced from the Aeromonas genus, may serve as a model for studying pathogenic mechanisms. To explore the pathogen-host fitness mechanism of bacterium, a comprehensive comparative transcriptome ecotype analysis of A. hydrophila isolated from the gut of Labeo rohita during infection was performed. Special characteristics in gene expression, gene ontology terms and expression of pathogenesis-associated genes, including genes encoding secreted proteins, candidate effectors, hydrolases, and proteins involved in secondary metabolite production were revealed. Among the database, 6,533 were gene ontology (GO) annotated, while 1,480 were not allocated in any GO terms. Investigation on GO illustrated that the articulated genes were improved with molecular function, cellular components, and biological processes. Further bioinformatics analysis identified the outer membrane protein genes (ompA, ompts, ompw, omp38, and omp48), cytotoxin, amylase, and lipase genes. Overall, this work allowed to designate, for the first time, a global view on the pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila during infection. Furthermore, the study provides information on the fitness of A. hydrophila, a severe pathogen with a wide host range.
Molecular surveillance of dengue virus in field-collected Aedes mosquitoes from Bhopal, central India: evidence of circulation of a new lineage of serotype 2
Authors: Sarma Devojit Kumar , Rathod Lokendra , Mishra Sweta , Das Deepanker , Agarwal Ankita , Sharma Gaurav , Singh Tanim Arpit , Kumawat Manoj , Singh Samradhi , Verma Vinod , Kumar Manoj , Shubham Swasti , Tiwari Rajnarayan R. , Prakash Anil
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Dengue fever is hyperendemic in several Southeast and South Asian countries, including India, with all four serotypes (DENV 1–4) circulating at different periods and in different locations. Sustainable and improved virological and entomological surveillance is the only tool to prevent dengue and other vector-borne diseases.

Objectives

The present study has been carried out to detect and characterize the circulating dengue virus (DENV) in field-collectedAedesmosquitoes in Bhopal, Central India.

Methods

Aedesmosquitoes were collected from 29 localities within Bhopal city during October 2020 to September 2022. DENV infection was assessed in the individual head and thorax regions ofAedesmosquitoes using reverse transcriptase PCR. Positive samples were sequenced, and the circulating serotypes and genotypes were determined using phylogenetic analysis.

Results

DENV RNA was detected in 7Aedes aegyptiand 1Aedes albopictus, with infection rates of 0.59 and 0.14%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed all the isolates belonged to DENV serotype 2 and distinctly clustered with the non-Indian lineage (cosmopolitan genotype 4a), which was not recorded from the study area earlier. The time to most common recent ancestor (TMRCA) of these sequences was 7.4 years old, with the highest posterior density (HPD) of 3.5–12.2 years, indicating that this new lineage emerged during the year 2014. This is the first report on the DENV incrimination in bothAe. aegyptiandAe. albopictusmosquitoes collected from Bhopal, Central India.

Conclusion

The observed emergence of the non-Indian lineage of DENV-2 in Bhopal, which again is a first report from the area, coincides with the gradual increase in DENV cases in Bhopal since 2014. This study emphasizes the importance of DENV surveillance and risk assessment in this strategically important part of the country to decipher its outbreak and severe disease-causing potential.
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older women aged over 70 years: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Shengjie , Chen Xiaoyu , Gao Mengze , Zhang Xingyu , Han Peipei , Cao Liou , Gao Jing , Tao Qiongying , Zhai Jiayi , Liang Dongyu , Guo Qi
Published: September 2023

Background

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of inflammation that can be obtained quickly, conveniently, and cheaply from blood samples. However, there is no research to explore the effects of sex and age on the relationship between the NLR and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

A total of 3,169 individuals aged over 60 years in Shanghai were recruited for face-to-face interviews, and blood samples were collected. MCI was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale, and neutrophil count and lymphocyte counts were measured in fasting blood samples. The NLR was calculated by dividing the absolute neutrophil count by the absolute lymphocyte count.

Results

In females, the NLR in the MCI group was significantly higher than that in the cognitively normal group (2.13 ± 0.94 vs. 1.85 ± 0.83, p < 0.001) but not in men. Logistic regression showed that a higher NLR was an independent risk factor for MCI in women [odds ratio (OR) = 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–1.49]. In addition, the elevated NLR quartile was associated with an increased risk of MCI, especially in women older than 70 years (p-value for trend = 0.011).

Conclusion

Compared with males, female MCI patients had a significantly higher NLR than cognitively normal controls. In addition, elevated NLR was found to be significantly associated with MCI risk in women older than 70 years. Therefore, elderly Chinese women with a higher NLR value may be the target population for effective prevention of MCI.