bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energizing innovation: a bibliometric exploration of renewable energy entrepreneurship
Authors: Sreenivasan Aswathy , Suresh M.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to provide a thorough bibliometric analysis to illuminate the complex entrepreneurial environment in renewable energy.

Design/methodology/approach

The Biblioshiny package of the R programming language was considered for in-depth analysis of the papers. To determine the future course of research, the authors use SciVal data and prominence percentiles related to particular study areas.

Findings

The findings show a growing interest in renewable energy entrepreneurship, as seen by rising annual production and citation rates. By revealing the interconnection of themes throughout the subject, keyword co-occurrence patterns illustrate its interdisciplinary nature. Sustainable development goal alignment highlights the field’s critical role in tackling global sustainability issues. This analysis gives researchers, decision-makers and practitioners a framework for navigating the terrain of renewable energy entrepreneurship.

Practical implications

Practical advice for promoting innovation and sustainability in the renewable energy sector is provided through insights into interdisciplinary intersections and sustainability alignment.

Originality/value

This paper adds to the body of literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of renewable energy entrepreneurship and highlighting how it affects sustainability. Including SciVal data with prominence percentiles suggests future research avenues and highlights the field’s originality and importance.
The paradoxical impact of CEOs’ humility and narcissism on absorptive capacity: evidence from small firms
Authors: Majhi Siddharth Gaurav , Snehvrat Saurav , Chaudhary Sanjay
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Because small firms are dependent on external knowledge to overcome various constraints, absorptive capacity (ACAP) is an important capability from a knowledge management perspective. Furthermore, extant research has noted the seemingly contradictory yet potentially complementary interaction of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) traits – humility and narcissism on knowledge management. This study aims to explore the impact of CEO humility and narcissism on ACAP and short-term firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses a quantitative approach using multisource data from small Indian firms comprising survey responses from 225 CEOs and 216 general managers of small automotive firms. The data were analyzed using partial least squares – structural equation modeling.

Findings

This paper sheds new light on the process through which small firms build ACAP and the role of CEO leadership traits in this regard. This study finds that in a highly turbulent environment, CEO’s humility and narcissism affect the development of a small firm’s ACAP. This study also discusses important implications for managerial practice and policy making.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to empirically examine the impact of the paradoxical leadership traits of narcissism and humility on the short-term performance of small firms, from a knowledge-based perspective through the lens of absorptive capacity.
The influence of Industry 4.0 resources on logistics capabilities to optimize remanufacturing and business performance
Authors: Huma Sehrish , Rehman Abdur , Ahmed Waqar
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to demonstrate the influence of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) adoption on improving logistics capabilities to achieve remanufacturing operations and business logistics performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses a deductive survey-based research approach. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from managerial-level employees associated with logistics functions from 121 manufacturing firms. The partial least square method was used to conduct structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis empirically.

Findings

The analysis revealed that using I4.0 improves the ability to achieve higher levels of logistics capabilities (i.e. instrumented and intelligent logistics). Moreover, I4.0 integration with instrumented and intelligent logistics capabilities positively impacts business logistics optimization. On the other hand, intelligent logistics directly and positively impacts remanufacturing operational performance, whereas instrumented logistics does not reflect any significant influence on remanufacturing performance.

Originality/value

This study is one of the limited studies on the focus area and is an effort to fulfill an identified gap in applying innovative logistics capabilities using I4.0 technologies.
Durability enhancement in self-compacting sand concrete using mineral additives
Authors: Belkacem Djoual , Ratiba Mitiche-Kettab , Rebih Zaitri
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The study aimed to explore the effects of mineral admixtures – especially limestone filler (LF), brick powder (BP) and ceramic powder (CP) – on the performance of self-compacting sand concrete (SCSC). It studies their effect on mechanical properties and mass loss when exposed to acidic solutions (H2SO4 5% and HCl 5%) over periods of 28, 90 and 180 days. The study seeks to develop SCSC technology by taking advantage of locally available sand resources.

Design/methodology/approach

Using an experimental design, the study explores different formulation parameters, including the use of silty sand (AS) and dune sand (DS) in fixed proportions, where AS constitutes 70% and DS 30% of the total sand content. The superplasticizer ratio (SP) and water-to-binder ratio (W/B) are constant with varying amounts of mineral additives. The study immerses SCSC samples in acidic solutions (5% H2SO4 and 5% HCl) for 28, 90, and 180 days to evaluate mass loss and mechanical properties. This endeavor to advance such concrete technology is motivated by the desire to incorporate sand concrete into the realm of self-compacting concrete technology while also harnessing the advantages of locally available sand resources, particularly dune sand, which is abundant in the southern regions of Algeria.

Findings

SCSC results with mineral additives showed enhanced resistance in both tensile and compression tests, indicating improved durability compared to the reference sample without additives. However, excessive proportions of BP (>60%) or CP led to exceptions in this trend An exception to this trend was observed when BP was added in proportions exceeding 60% or when CP, indicating potential limitations in some additive formulations. Overall, the research provides valuable insights into improving the performance and durability of SCSC through the strategic incorporation of mineral admixtures, contributing to advances in self-compacting concrete technology.

Originality/value

1 – Valorization of local materials and recycling of waste: DS, LF, BP and CP, which are available in great quantities in the south of Algeria; 2 – Combination, at the same time, of alluvial sand and dune sand as aggregate and LF, BP and CP as filler. 3 – Application of the design of experiments method methodology for the optimization of these elements of the new sand concrete studied. The new building material elaborated present indeed a technical, economic and environmental interest.
Searching for “The New Oil”: Preemptive Hope and Post‐Petroleum Futures in Norway's Oil Capital
Authors: Müller Anders Riel
Published: November 2024

This article explores the role of imaginaries of preemptive hope in second‐tier cities and regions within the global petroleumscape that face an uncertain future in a post‐petroleum world order. It highlights the importance of such imaginaries in discussions of stability, destabilisation, and ruptures in the petroleum landscape. The article examines the assumptions and presuppositions that undergird the post‐petroleum imaginaries in Stavanger, Norway's oil capital and self‐proclaimed energy capital of Europe, and how these can be conceptualised as imaginaries of preemptive hope. These imaginaries are framed as a promise of a new oil waiting to be realised—thus promising a status quo post‐petroleum future that only requires technical adjustments. These new oil imaginaries become forms of repair and maintenance of the petroleumscape because they primarily promise to maintain the wealth, status, and privileges attained from their position in the petroleumscape—a promise that they are unable to realise. The broader implication of the study is that we need to pay more attention to the imaginable post‐petroleum futures governing second‐tier cities’ and regions’ economic strategies in maintaining the status quo, not just the actions of global oil majors and leading petro‐states.
Cholate Shunt, Oral Cholate Challenge and Endoscopic Lesions of Portal Hypertension: The SHUNT‐V Study
Authors: Shiffman Mitchell , Reddy K. Rajender , Leise Michael D. , Qureshi Kamran , Smith Alastair D. , Helmke Steve , Kittelson John , McRae Michael P. , Imperial Joanne C. , Everson Gregory T. ,   SHUNT‐V Investigators
Published: November 2024

Background

The accuracy of current criteria for ruling out large oesophageal varices (LEV) and other endoscopic lesions of portal hypertension (PH) may be compromised by obesity and MASLD/MASH.

Aims

In the US multicentre SHUNT‐V study, we evaluated the disease severity index (DSI) for detecting LEV and other lesions of PH at endoscopy.

Methods

Subjects were adults with compensated cirrhosis scheduled for endoscopy to screen for varices. DSI was calculated from clearances of labelled cholates after oral and intravenous administration. DSI ≤ 18.3 was evaluated as a cut‐off for ruling out LEV with acceptance criteria of negative likelihood ratio < 0.52 and sensitivity > 85%.

Results

SHUNT‐V enrolled 306 subjects; 275 had both DSI and endoscopy, and 238 had Child–Pugh A cirrhosis (52.1% MASLD/MASH, 25.2% chronic hepatitis C and 15.6% alcoholic liver disease; 87% were overweight, 64% were obese and 54% had diabetes). AUROCs for DSI ranged from 0.81 to 0.82 for LEV and 0.79 to 0.80 for all significant PH lesions. DSI 18.3 had sensitivity 96.3%–100% for LEV and 97.3%–100% for all significant PH lesions. If DSI ≤ 18.3 were used as the sole determinant to defer EGD, 27%–35% of EGDs could have been avoided with 0%–3.7% of LEV and 0%–2.7% of all significant PH lesions missed.

Conclusions

HepQuant DSI predicts the likelihood of LEV and significant PH lesions across a spectrum of patient characteristics and disease aetiologies. DSI, based on liver function and portal‐systemic shunting, can aid in the decision to defer endoscopy for varices in patients with Child–Pugh A cirrhosis.

Trial Registration: The SHUNT‐V study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03583996)
Factors Associated With Motivation to Reduce Alcohol Use Among Patients With Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Satre Derek D. , Dasarathy Dhweeja , Batki Steven L. , Ostacher Michael J. , Snyder Hannah R. , Hua William , Parekh Priti , Shui Amy M. , Cheung Ramsey , Monto Alexander , Wong Robert J. , Chen Jennifer Y. , Liao Meimei , Tana Michele , Chen Po‐Hung , Haight Christina G. , Fakadej Taylor , Khalili Mandana
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims

Alcohol use is prevalent among hepatology clinic patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). We explored factors associated with the importance and confidence dimensions of motivation to reduce drinking.

Methods

Participants (N = 121) with unhealthy alcohol use (i.e., over NIH guidelines) receiving care in hepatology clinics from a safety‐net hospital (SN, N = 54) and two Veterans Affairs Healthcare Systems (VA, N = 67) were enrolled in an alcohol intervention trial from March 2022 through October 2023. Baseline assessments included Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD‐7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐8), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), COVID‐19 stress; and measures of importance and confidence to decrease alcohol use (readiness rulers, scales of 1–10). Liver disease aetiology and severity were extracted from electronic health records. We performed multivariable linear regression models with forward selection to assess pre‐specified variables' associations with importance and confidence.

Results

The sample was 84% male, 40% Latino, 31% White, 18% Black and 11% other races; median age was 61 years. Median (Q1–Q3) AUDIT score was 16 (12–24), importance was 9 (6–10) and confidence was 8 (5–9). On multivariable analysis, VA site (vs. SN) participants had a 0.97‐point lower importance score (p = 0.02); higher symptoms of depression (PHQ‐8 score ≥ 10 vs. < 10) and AUDIT scores (for each point increase) were associated with higher importance score (estimates 1.2 and 0.08, p < 0.05, respectively). Liver disease aetiology and severity were not significantly associated with outcomes.

Conclusions

Depression, alcohol problem severity and treatment site may influence motivation to reduce alcohol use and could inform future hepatology‐based interventions.
Pregnant Women's Care Needs During Early Labor–A Scoping Review
Authors: Mueller Antonia N. , Grylka‐Baeschlin Susanne
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Pregnant women face the challenge of managing early labor on their own until they feel the need to seek professional support. However, professional support during such a vulnerable stage of labor may sometimes be insufficient. This study aims to understand pregnant women's care needs during early labor in order to improve the quality of care provided at the onset of labor.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted following a systematic search strategy in May 2021 and in August 2022 concentrating on pregnant women in early labor with spontaneous onset of labor. A sensitive search strategy was used with five different databases. The articles were screened by two independent researchers. Data were extracted and mapped to answer the research question.

Results

52 articles were included. Major reasons for seeking professional help are to receive reassurance and get advice and information on how to cope with early labor. Furthermore, many women express the need for professional guidance. Several articles demonstrated women's preferences for hospital admission or a continuous care model. While some women want empowerment and empathy from a midwife, others require clear instructions on helpful measures or even clinical interventions within the process.

Conclusions

Managing early labor without professional support creates a major challenge for pregnant women and nurtures insecurities and anxiety. Protecting women from unnecessary interventions is a well‐intentioned plan, yet a lack of support in early labor may sometimes jeopardize a positive birth experience. New ways need to be elaborated to support women‐centred and individualized approaches to providing early labor care.
A History of Cesarean Birth as a Risk Factor for Postpartum Hemorrhage Even After Successful Planned Vaginal Birth
Authors: Boujenah J. , Belabbas M. , Tigaizin A. , Benbara A. , Hensienne I. , Fermaut M. , Carbillon L.
Published: November 2024

Background

It is unclear if a history of cesarean birth (CB) is a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) even after a successful planned vaginal birth.

Methods

A historical retrospective cohort study from all deliveries (42,456) between 2004 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) women with only one previous CB; (ii) liveborn cephalic singleton pregnancy and term spontaneous labor; (iii) successful planned vaginal birth; (iv) no operative vaginal delivery; and (v) no history of PPH. Women who experienced intrapartum uterine rupture leading to CB were excluded. Those who experienced uterine rupture diagnosed after vaginal birth were not excluded. The labor after cesarean (LAC) group (109 women with previous CB and current vaginal birth) were compared with 2 control groups to consider the parity: control group 1 (1633 nulliparous women) and control group 2 (4197 parous women). The main outcome was the rate of PPH (> 500 mL). Multivariate analysis was performed to investigate whether previous CB was an independent risk factor for PPH. Bivariate analysis and causal framework was used to determine the relation between variables of clinical interest.

Results

The PPH rates in the LAC group, control group 1, and control group 2 were 12.8%, 5.3%, and 6.4%, respectively. Irrespective of the group control (1 or 2), a history of CB was associated with an increased risk of PPH: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.38 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–4.44] (adjusted with maternal age, overweight, hyperthermia, and use of oxytocin) and aOR 2.16 [95% CI 1.20–3.87] (adjusted with maternal age and overweight) for Groups 1 (parous) and 2 (nulliparous), respectively.

Conclusion

A history of cesarean birth could be a risk factor for PPH even after successful planned vaginal delivery.
Targeting CLK2 and serine/arginine‐rich splicing factors inhibits multiple myeloma through downregulating RAE1 by nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay mechanism
Authors: Liu Yang , Liao Yaping , Lai Shuping , Wu Xiaoyan , Liang Laoqi , Zhang Yihao , Wei Rongfang , Chen Yan
Published: November 2024

Multiple myeloma (MM) is closely related to abnormal RNA splicing in its pathogenesis. CDC2‐like kinase‐2 (CLK2) regulates RNA splicing by phosphorylating serine/arginine‐rich splicing factors (SRSFs), but the role of CLK2 in MM remains undefined. This study was to explore the role and mechanism of CLK2 in MM. Analyzing GEO datasets of MM patients found that high CLK2 expression predicted poor prognosis. Overexpression of CLK2 promoted the cell proliferation and cell cycle progression of MM cell ARP1 and H929. Knockdown or inhibition of CLK2 suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ARP1 and H929 cells in vitro. An MM xenograft tumor experiment showed that CLK2 overexpression promoted tumor growth, while CLK2 inhibition suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that interfering CLK2 inhibited SRSF phosphorylation, and induced exon 9 skipping of RAE1, resulting in nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD) of RAE1. In addition, RAE1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation in ARP1 and H929 cells. Moreover, RAE1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle progression of ARP1 and H929 cells, and partially reversed the antitumor effect of CLK2 knockdown. Targeting CLK2 shows antitumor effects on MM partially through inhibiting SRSF phosphorylation and inducing NMD of RAE1. Therefore, targeting the CLK2/SRSFs/RAE1 axis could be a potential therapeutic strategy for MM.
Endoscopic Fat Graft Myringoplasty Augmented With Hyaluronic Acid for Managing Large‐Sized Eardrum Perforations; A Prospective Comparative Randomised Study
Authors: Mandour Mahmoud F. , Tomoum Mohamed , Elsheikh Mohamed N. , El‐Gharib Amani , Elzayat Saad , Barbara Maurizio , Margani Valerio , Elfarargy Haitham H. , Amer Mohamed
Published: November 2024

Objectives

We aimed to assess the outcomes of fat graft myringoplasty augmented with hyaluronic acid in closing large‐sized eardrum perforations compared to the traditional underlay cartilage‐perichondrium composite myringoplasty (CPCM).

Study Design

It was a prospective randomised comparative study.

Settings

It was held in tertiary referral institutions between May 2020 and April 2022.

Participants

We included 100 patients with a large‐sized eardrum perforation (50%–75% of the eardrum surface area). Using the endoscopic transcanal approach, 50 patients were managed by fat graft myringoplasty augmented with hyaluronic acid, while CPCM managed the other 50 patients.

Main Outcome Measures

We evaluated the closure rates 1, 6 months and 1 year after surgery. Also, we assessed the audiological performance of the patients with a successful closure before and 1 year after the operation.

Results

Fat graft myringoplasty operation was statistically shorter than the CPCM. The closure rate 1 year after surgery was 92% in the first group and 86% in the second group, without a statistically significant difference between both groups. Successful air‐bone gap closure to less than 10 dB occurred in 93.5% of group A and 81.4% of group B without a statistically significant difference. The mean postoperative air‐bone gap was 5.3 ± 3.95 dB in the first group and 7.95 ± 5.17 dB in the second group, with a statistically significant difference.

Conclusions

Fat graft myringoplasty augmented with hyaluronic acid was a reliable, safe, simple, and effective manoeuvre to close large‐sized eardrum perforations compared to the conventional CPCM.
Childhood traumatic experiences and vaping among Australian adolescents: A prospective investigation
Authors: Rowe Amy‐Leigh , O'Dean Siobhan M. , Champion Katrina E. , Barrett Emma L. , Grummitt Lucinda , Mills Katherine L. , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C. , Gardner Lauren A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Childhood traumatic experiences (CTE) have been identified as a robust risk factor for a range of substance use behaviours. However, little is known about their association with adolescent vaping. We explored prospective associations between CTEs and vaping among a sample of Australian adolescents.

Methods

The sample comprised 2234 adolescents (baseline Mage = 12.7 years, SD = 0.5; 49.9% female) enrolled in the Health4Life cluster randomised controlled trial. Using mixed effects logistic regression analyses, data from the baseline and 36‐month assessment waves were used to examine whether CTEs (by ~ age 12) were associated with current or lifetime vaping and future intentions to vape (~ age 15).

Results

Adjusting for socio‐demographic variables, CTE exposure at baseline was associated with higher odds of ever having vaped (odds ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.34, 2.02), and of being a current regular vape user (odds ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.11, 2.39). Experiencing CTEs was also associated with higher odds of intending to vape in the future (odds ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval 1.11, 1.86).

Discussion and Conclusions

This study is the first to identify CTEs as a risk factor for vaping, and intentions to vape in the future, among Australian adolescents. These findings align with global research and highlight another common risk factor across various forms of substance use. CTE exposed adolescents represent a priority group who may require earlier and more targeted vaping intervention.
Quantifying neurobehavioral profiles across neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes and idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Frazier Thomas W. , Busch Robyn M. , Klaas Patricia , Lachlan Katherine , Loth Eva , Smith‐Hicks Constance , Sahin Mustafa , Hardan Antonio Y. , Uljarevic Mirko ,   NET Development Project Team
Published: November 2024

Aim

To examine neurobehavioral findings in three genetic syndromes (PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, Malan syndrome [mutations in the NFIX gene], and SYNGAP1‐related disorder), a mixed group of other neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes (NDGS), idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorder, and neurotypical control participants.

Method

Using a longitudinal case–control design, caregivers reported neurobehavioral information for 498 participants (PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome n = 112, Malan syndrome n = 24, SYNGAP1‐related disorder n = 47, other NDGS n = 72, idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorder n = 54, neurotypical siblings n = 74, and unrelated neurotypical control participants n = 115) at three timepoints (baseline, and 1‐month and 4‐month follow‐ups) using the online‐administered Neurobehavioral Evaluation Tool (NET).

Results

NET scales had good scale and test–retest reliability. Unique patterns of neurobehavioral findings emerged, with SYNGAP1‐related disorder and Malan syndrome showing generally more severe symptom and skill patterns than for other groups of patients. Patterns could be partly accounted for by estimated cognitive level, speech level, and the presence of autism spectrum disorder. However, even when accounting for these factors, group differences remained. Reliable change indices are reported.

Interpretation

Genetic syndromes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders present with unique neurobehavioral profiles that can inform selection of outcome measures in future clinical trials. The NET may be a useful screening and monitoring instrument in clinical practice, where frequent in‐person clinic attendance is difficult for many patients.
Female Wistar Kyoto More Immobile rats with genetic stress hyper‐reactivity show enhanced contextual fear memory without deficit in extinction of fear
Authors: Harter Aspen M. , Nemesh Mariya , Ji Michelle T. , Lee Luca , Yamazaki Anna , Kim Chris , Redei Eva E.
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is higher in females than males, but pre‐clinical models are established almost exclusively in males. This study is aimed to investigate the stress‐enhanced fear learning model of PTSD in females. The model mirrors PTSD symptomology in males, whereby prior stress leads to extinction resistant exaggerated contextual fear memory. As stress reactivity is highly relevant to the study and risk for PTSD, females of the stress hyper‐reactive Wistar Kyoto More Immobile (WMI) and its nearly isogenic control the Wistar Kyoto Less Immobile (WLI) strains were employed. Prior studies have shown WMI females presenting unchanged or enhanced fear memory in the stress‐enhanced fear learning paradigm compared WLIs. The present study confirmed the enhanced fear memory following contextual fear conditioning in WMIs compared to WLI females, but this increased fear memory was neither exaggerated by prior stress nor showed extinction deficit. The novel stressor of a glucose challenge test resulted in subtle strain‐ and prior stress‐induced differences in plasma glucose responses. However, fasting plasma corticosterone levels were lower, and rose slower in response to glucose challenge in WMI females, suggesting a PTSD‐like dysfunctional stress response. Hippocampal expressions of genes relevant to both learning and memory and the stress response were decreased in stressed WMIs compared to WLI females, further suggesting a marked dysregulation in stress‐related functions like in PTSD. Thus, although WMI females do not show extinction‐resistant enhanced fear memory, they do present other characteristics that are relevant to PTSD in women.
Openness and transparency in animal research: Why and how
Authors: Genzel Lisa , Froudarakis Emmanouil , Rapti Georgia
Published: November 2024

Nonhuman animal models continue to be indispensable in neuroscience research for the foreseeable future. In recent years, animal‐right activists have been increasing the pressure on politicians and policymakers to phase out animal research. To address this pressure, we should adapt our communication habits, to be more open and transparent about (our) animal research and most importantly to expand the methods we use to communicate about our research and increase the extend of this outreach. In this editorial, we discuss the why and how of animal research communication.
Evolving Educational Testing to Meet Students’ Needs: Design‐in‐Real‐Time Assessment
Authors: Sireci Stephen G. , Suárez‐Álvarez Javier , Zenisky April L. , Oliveri Maria Elena
Published: November 2024

The goal in personalized assessment is to best fit the needs of each individual test taker, given the assessment purposes. Design‐In‐Real‐Time (DIRTy) assessment reflects the progressive evolution in testing from a single test, to an adaptive test, to an adaptive assessment system. In this article, we lay the foundation for DIRTy assessment and illustrate how it meets the complex needs of each individual learner. The assessment framework incorporates culturally responsive assessment principles, thus making it innovative with respect to both technology and equity. Key aspects are (a) assessment building blocks called “assessment task modules” (ATMs) linked to multiple content standards and skill domains, (b) gathering information on test takers’ characteristics and preferences and using this information to improve their testing experience, and (c) selecting, modifying, and compiling ATMs to create a personalized test that best meets the needs of the testing purpose and individual test taker.
Learning to care on one's own: Chinese children's caregivers' reflections on family care
Authors: Zhang Xue , Madureira Ferreira Juliene , Liu Jianjin , Zhang Qian , Midgette Allegra
Published: November 2024

Background

The past few decades have witnessed drastic changes in family structures and the provision of care within the family in China.

Objective

The current study investigated how familial caregivers of children (N = 30, Mage = 41.67, SD = 11.32) living in one of the largest urban centers in China learned and taught how to care within the family.

Method

Nine focus groups were conducted to collect data, and thematic analysis was adopted to analyze the data.

Results

Two main themes were found: (a) learning to care on one's own and (b) the importance of encouraging one to want to care. The findings indicate that Chinese caregivers received limited direct instruction in learning how to care and were often faced with the challenge of having to self‐teach care. Meanwhile, when teaching care, caregivers focused on the motivation to care (e.g., filial piety) as an important element for learning to practice care.

Conclusion

These findings highlight considerations of motivation of care often not mentioned in the Western literature while also indicating the need of society to support teaching and learning the practice of care within the family.

Implications

This study highlights the importance of cultural considerations when designing intervention programs to help individuals to develop the ability to care and provides insights exploring how school‐family partnership promotes children's ability to be caring.
The effects of death anxiety on diet‐fluid restriction non‐adherence in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Bahçecioğlu Turan Gülcan , Özer Zülfünaz , Başak Seda
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The study was performed to examine the effects of death anxiety on diet‐fluid restriction non‐adherence in hemodialysis patients.

Methods

This descriptive, cross‐sectional, and correlational study was performed with 118 hemodialysis patients who received treatment in the dialysis unit of a university hospital and a state hospital in Elazığ, eastern Turkey. The study data were obtained with the “Descriptive Data Form”, “Death Anxiety Scale”, and “Dietary and Fluid Restriction Non‐Adherence Scale”.

Findings

The average Death Anxiety Scale total score of the patients was 10.00 ± 4.75. The “Duration of non‐adherence with diet” mean score was 1.66 ± 1.70, “Degree of non‐adherence with diet” mean score was 1.24 ± 1.19, “Duration of non‐adherence with fluid restriction” mean score was 1.61 ± 1.71, and “Degree of non‐adherence with fluid restriction” mean score was 1.16 ± 1.13. The independent variable Death Anxiety Scale significantly and negatively affected the dependent variable “Duration of non‐adherence with diet”, “Degree of non‐adherence with diet”, “Duration of non‐adherence with fluid restriction”, and “Degree of non‐adherence with fluid restriction”.

Discussion

Hemodialysis patients face serious death anxiety, their degree of non‐adherence with diet‐fluid restriction was low as death anxiety scores increased, and the degree of non‐adherence with diet‐fluid restriction decreased.
Correlation between CTNNB1 mutation status and tumour phenotype in hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hwang Yoon Jung , Lee Yangkyu , Yu Su Jong , Hong Suk Kyun , Yi Nam‐Joon , Choi YoungRok , Lee Hyejung , Chung Wonju , Kim Haeryoung
Published: November 2024

Aims

The frequency of CTNNB1 mutation, one of the most frequent genetic events in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is lower in Asian countries and in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related HCCs. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and types of CTNNB1‐mutation in HBV‐related HCC and correlated the molecular status with the histomorphological and immunohistochemical features.

Methods and results

A total of 108 consecutive cases of treatment‐naïve, surgically resected HBV‐related HCCs were selected. Targeted sequencing for CTNNB1 exons 3, 7 and 8 was performed, and the results were correlated with the expression pattern of glutamine synthetase (GS), nuclear β‐catenin expression status and the histomorphological characteristics of the tumour. CTNNB1 mutations were identified in 13% of HBV‐related HCCs; of these cases, mutations were found in D32‐S37 (7%), T41 (4%) and S45 (2%) of exon 3. None of the HCCs demonstrated alterations in exons 7 and 8. CTNNB1 mutation was strongly associated with diffuse strong GS expression (P < 0.001), nuclear β‐catenin expression (P < 0.001) and the classic CTNNB1 morphology (P = 0.038). Diffuse strong GS expression was observed in 78.6% of the CTNNB1‐mutated HCCs, and nuclear β‐catenin expression was identified in 64.3% of these cases. The classic CTNNB1 morphology was observed in 57% of all CTNNB1‐mutated HCCs. Furthermore, programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) was less frequently expressed in HCCs with classic CTNNB1 morphology.

Conclusions

CTNNB1 mutation was observed in 13% of HBV‐related HCCs in this Korean cohort, and was associated with diffuse strong GS expression, nuclear β‐catenin expression and classic CTNNB1 morphology.
Effectiveness of XBB.1.5 Vaccines Against Symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Older Adults During the JN.1 Lineage‐Predominant Period, European VEBIS Primary Care Multicentre Study, 20 November 2023–1 March 2024
Authors: Merdrignac Lore , Laniece Delaunay Charlotte , Verdasca Nuno , Vega‐Piris Lorena , O'Donnell Joan , Sève Noémie , Trobajo‐Sanmartín Camino , Buda Silke , Hooiveld Mariëtte , Rodrigues Ana Paula , Túri Gergő , Latorre‐Margalef Neus , Mlinarić Ivan , Lazar Mihaela , Maurel Marine , Castrillejo Daniel , Bennett Charlene , Rameix‐Welti Marie‐Anne , Martínez‐Baz Iván , Dürrwald Ralf , Meijer Adam , Melo Aryse , Oroszi Beatrix , Hagey Tove Samuelsson , Kurečić Filipović Sanja , Dijkstra Frederika , Gomez Veronica , Bacci Sabrina , Kaczmarek Marlena , Kissling Esther ,   the VEBIS Primary Care Vaccine Effectiveness Group
Published: November 2024

We estimated XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among adults aged ≥ 65 years during the 2023/2024 JN.1 lineage‐predominant period in a European multi‐country test‐negative case–control study at primary care level. We estimated VE adjusted by study site, age, sex, chronic conditions and onset date. We included 220 cases and 1733 controls. The VE was 48% (95% CI: 12–71), 23% (95% CI: −11–48) and 5% (95% CI: −92–56) among those with symptom onset 1–5, 6–11, and ≥ 12 weeks after vaccination, respectively. XBB.1.5 vaccine provided short and moderate protection against JN.1 symptomatic infection.
Multisource energy harvesting using (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3 oscillating under temperature gradient
Authors: Yamamoto Ryota , Schwarz Michael , Martin Alexander , Mergheim Julia , Kakimoto Ken‐ichi
Published: November 2024

The concept of multisource energy harvesting has attracted attention in order to harvest multiple types of energy in a single material. In this work, Pb‐free (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3 (BCZT) ceramics were used to investigate a combination of piezoelectric and pyroelectric energy harvesting behavior. The temperature dependence of the permittivity and the pyroelectric coefficient was measured, and the pyroelectric properties of BCZT were expected to improve near its orthorhombic–tetragonal phase transition temperature TO–T (∼40°C). The output voltage and current were measured using a BCZT plate, where the BCZT was oscillated under a temperature gradient to apply mechanical stress and temperature fluctuation simultaneously. The measured output voltage from the combined piezo‐ and pyroelectric contributions at a frequency of 2 Hz and with a load resistance of 10 MΩ was 1.4 times higher than the sole piezoelectric output voltage. The resulting combined output voltage was confirmed by finite element simulation.
Extending interfacial toughness and thermal cycling lifetime of thermal barrier coatings via interfacial 3D pattern
Authors: Luo Lirong , Wang Weize , Zhang Xiancheng , Lu Jie , Guo Fangwei , Zhao Xiaofeng
Published: November 2024

Weak interface bonding is a critical factor that compromises the long‐term durability of the thermal barrier coatings. To mitigate this, we introduce an innovative interface‐strengthening approach by integrating four types of 3D patterns at the top coat/bond coat interface using the laser cladding technique. Tensile tests demonstrate a significant enhancement in interfacial bonding strength, increasing by over 139.2% from 21.6 ± 1.7 MPa for conventional thermal barrier coatings without patterns to 51.67 MPa for the patterned coatings. Moreover, the thermal cycling lifetime has been extended by 41%, from 1026 ± 25 cycles for the conventional coating to 1936 ± 164 cycles for the patterned coating. This enhancement in interfacial toughness and thermal cycling lifetime is primarily because of the blocking and deflection effects of 3D patterns on interfacial crack propagation. Besides, the geometric parameters of the patterns play a crucial role in determining the failure behavior of the thermal barrier coatings. This strategy presents a practical solution for the development of durable thermal barrier coatings and provides the valuable insights for the optimization of other heterogeneous interfaces.
Death and Dying in the Emergency Department: A New Model for End‐of‐Life Care
Authors: McCallum Kay , Jackson Debra , Walthall Helen , Aveyard Helen
Published: November 2024

Background

Death and dying remain taboo subjects in society today and therefore people may come to the end of their life without having thought about what death and dying might be like and what it is to have a good death. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the experience of death and dying in a hospital emergency department. Culturally, some individuals are unprepared for death, and when death occurs in an emergency setting it can be particularly shocking.

Methods

A phenomenological study was undertaken, based on the existential phenomenology of Merleau‐Ponty; and framed by the nurse theorist Hildegard Peplau. Bereaved relatives and registered nurses gave in‐depth interviews describing their experiences and the interviews were analysed using an adaptation of the work of Thomas and Pollio (2002) and Hycner (1985), consistent with Merleau‐Ponty's theories.

Results

The study brings new understanding of what it is like to die in an emergency setting through new understanding of what the accompanying relatives/friends of the deceased person experience, aided by new understanding of the experiences of emergency nurses.

Conclusions

A nursing model based both on the work of Peplau (Parse et al. 2000) and on the work of the nurse theorists Ruland and Moore (1998) and Zaccara et al. (2017) was devised for use in the emergency department when death occurs. It is hoped that this model will help nurses improve the care given to this group of patients and their loved ones.
Climate Justice Strategies Implemented by Public Health Nurses and Their Community Partners
Authors: LeClair Jessica , Dudek Alex , Zahner Susan
Published: November 2024

Aim

To describe nurses' and community‐based organization representatives' collaborative strategies for advancing climate justice with communities.

Design

This study used a descriptive, qualitative research design.

Methods

Data were gathered from August 2022 to February 2023 with nurses (n = 8) and their community partners (n = 5) in the United States. Community partners were representatives of community‐based organizations. Photovoice provided greater context for the thematic analysis of collaborative strategies discussed in semi‐structured interviews.

Results

Nurse participants worked in academic or non‐profit settings. Nurse‐community partnerships addressed corporate pollution and promoted Indigenous sovereignty and multispecies justice. Themes included investigating disease and health events, identifying at‐risk populations and connecting them with resources, providing health teaching and counseling, organizing communities and coalitions, and advocating for policy development and enforcement. Self‐care supported resilience and well‐being in the long struggle for climate justice.

Conclusion

Findings from this study indicated that nurses and their community partners strategize to transition communities away from systems of extraction towards local and regenerative systems that support resilience. Nurses and their community partners recognized the importance of applying an expansive understanding of climate justice, including intersections of pollution and multispecies justice, to promoting planetary health.

Implications for the profession

Findings from this study support nurse‐community collaboration in policy work to advance planetary health. This study also supports nurses' collective action with their community partners to address the effects of white supremacy and colonization. Future research is needed to evaluate the outcomes of nurse‐community partnerships for planetary health.

Impact

Nurses have called for action on climate justice; however, evidence of effective nursing strategies that advance climate justice is sparse. This study is the first to describe the collaborative strategies nurses implement with community partners to support the transition from injustice to justice in communities most burdened by climate change and industrial pollution.
Genetic Characterisation of Feeding Patterns in Lactating Holstein Cows and Their Association With Feed Efficiency Traits
Authors: Cavani Ligia , Parker Gaddis Kristen L. , Baldwin Ransom L. , Santos José E. P. , Koltes James E. , Tempelman Robert J. , VandeHaar Michael J. , White Heather M. , Peñagaricano Francisco , Weigel Kent A.
Published: November 2024

Feeding behaviour traits, such as number, duration or intake per feeder visit, have been associated with feed efficiency in dairy cattle. Those traits, however, do not fully capture cows' feeding patterns throughout the day. The goal of this study was to propose a new phenotype for characterising within‐day feeding patterns and estimate its heritability and genetic correlations with dry matter intake (DMI), secreted milk energy, metabolic body weight and residual feed intake. Feeding patterns were evaluated using 4.8 million bunk visits from 1684 midlactation Holstein cows collected from 2009 to 2023 with an Insentec system. Feed efficiency traits were available from 6099 lactating Holstein cows at six research stations across the United States. Daily bunk visits were ordered, with Time 0 designated as the time of first feed delivery. Intake proportions were calculated by visit for each cow by dividing feed intake per visit by the total intake of the cow for that day. Feeding patterns were characterised by the area under the curve of cumulative feed intake proportions for each cow throughout the day. The feeding pattern phenotype per cow was defined as the average of areas under the curve across days, whereas consistency of feeding pattern was calculated as the natural logarithm of variance of daily area under the curve values. Estimates of heritability and genetic correlations were performed using Bayesian inference with an animal model, considering lactation, days in milk and cohort (trial–treatment) as fixed effects and animal as a random effect. Heritability estimates for average area under the curve and variance of daily area under the curve were 0.35 ± 0.05 and 0.16 ± 0.05, respectively. The genetic correlation between average area under the curve and secreted milk energy was −0.30 ± 0.14. Genetic correlations between average area under the curve and DMI, metabolic body weight and residual feed intake were not statistically significant. Variance of daily area under the curve was genetically correlated with DMI (0.47 ± 0.15), secreted milk energy (0.40 ± 0.17) and metabolic body weight (0.28 ± 0.13). The genetic correlation between variance of daily area under the curve and residual feed intake was not significant. Overall, we provided a reliable method to truly characterise feeding patterns in midlactation dairy cows. Feeding pattern and its consistency were heritable, indicating that a significant proportion of phenotypic variation is explained by additive genetic effects. Genetic correlation estimates indicate that cows with more consistent daily feeding patterns have lower DMI, lower secreted milk energy and lower metabolic body weight.
Nitric oxide facilitates the S‐nitrosylation and deubiquitination of Notch1 protein to maintain cancer stem cells in human NSCLC
Authors: Zhang Tenglong , Lei Jiaxin , Zheng Ming , Wen Zhenke , Zhou Juying
Published: November 2024

Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality, with tumour heterogeneity, fueled by cancer stem cells (CSCs), intricately linked to treatment resistance. Therefore, it is imperative to advance therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs in NSCLC. In this study, we utilized RNA sequencing to investigate metabolic pathway alterations in NSCLC CSCs and identified a crucial role of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism in governing CSC stemness, primarily through modulation of the Notch1 protein. Mechanistically, NO‐induced S‐nitrosylation of Notch1 facilitated its interaction with the deubiquitylase UCHL1, leading to increased Notch1 protein stability and enhanced CSC stemness. By inhibiting NO synthesis and downregulating UCHL1 expression, we validated the impact of NO on the Notch signalling pathway and CSC stemness. Importantly, targeting NO effectively reduced CSC populations within patient‐derived organoids (PDOs) during radiotherapy. This mechanism presents a promising therapeutic target to surmount radiotherapy resistance in NSCLC treatment.
Reflective Tool on Advanced Access to Support Primary Healthcare Teams: Development and Validation of an Online Questionnaire
Authors: Gaboury Isabelle , Breton Mylaine , Beaulieu Christine , Renard Marianne , Sasseville Maxime , Maillet Lara , Hudon Catherine , Rodrigues Isabel , Malham Sabina Abou , Duhoux Arnaud , Haggerty Jeannie
Published: November 2024

Rationale

Awareness of their standing relative to best practices motivates primary healthcare (PHC) teams to improve their practices. However, gathering the data necessary to create such a portrait is a challenge. An effective way to support the improvement of the practices of PHC teams is to simplify the availability of data portraying aspects of their practices that might need improvement. Timely access is one of the foremost challenges of PHC. Yet, very few tools supporting reflections on the implementation of best practices to improve access are available to PHC teams.

Aims and Objectives

To develop an online reflective tool that evaluates the state of a PHC team member's advanced access practice and formulates customized recommendations for improvement.

Methods

This sequential multimethod study was informed by a literature review and an expert panel composed of researchers, patients, provincial and local decision‐makers, and PHC clinical and administrative staff in the province of Quebec, Canada. Consensus was reached on the content of the questionnaire and the prioritization of the recommendations.

Results

No reflective tool on advanced access practices was found in the literature review. Grey literature was used to create an initial version of the questionnaire. This version was revised and enriched through consultation phases with the expert panel. Then, five iterations of the tool were tested with 169 PHC team members, which led to the conception of two distinct versions: one for clinical staff and one for administrative agents responsible for appointment booking. The final versions of the reflective tool are available online in both English and French.

Conclusion

This reflective tool provides a portrait of PHC team members' advanced access practices as well as an automated report that contains personalized and prioritized recommendations for improvement. Further developments are necessary for its optimal use among PHC professionals other than physicians and nurse practitioners.