bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE WHATSAPP APPLICATION USE AS A SUPPORT SERVICE IN DISTANCE EDUCATION: A CASE ANALYSIS
Authors: TOPA CIFTCI Gaye , DOGAN Murat Ertan , UNAL Burcin
Published: April 2023

This study aims to reveal the strengths and limitations of the WhatsApp application as a support service in distance education, conducted through a learning management system during the Covid-19 pandemic, and make suggestions on improving its use in this capacity. Despite the lack of readiness on the part of the students and the lack of sufficient knowledge regarding distance education during the pandemic, many universities had to revert to emergency remote teaching. This situation necessitated the intensive use of various support services for the students to get the most out of their emergency remote teaching However, their lack of experience with distance education prevented them from using the support services offered by learning management systems. Due to the increasingly widespread use of mobile technologies, one of the support services used by course instructors became the WhatsApp application. The following research is a qualitative case study. The sample for the study was determined through purposive sampling. The data was analyzed using the content analysis method. Nvivo qualitative data analysis software was used to contribute to the detailed and versatile data analysis. The most important results of the study were that the application supported and strengthened distance learning by allowing instant communication, but that the absence of a moderator caused various limitations in this communication. In addition, it was concluded that incorporating natural language processing techniques into learning management systems and clearly stated rules by course instructors improved the use of such instant communication applications as a support service for distance education.
STUDENTS’ DISCOURSES DURING THE ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID19 PANDEMIC: AN ACTION RESEARCH WITH STUDENTS AS CO-RESEARCHERS
Authors: SIPITANOS Konstantinos
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic affected education communities by turning students and teachers abruptly to online teaching. This imposition of digital education is being investigated by various researchers all over the world since it has changed the way we conceive of the use of technology in classrooms and in our lives in general. Nevertheless, the students’ voice is being neglected and not taken seriously into account. In this paper an action research is presented with the teacher acting as researcher and the students as co-researchers. This action research took place during the first wave of the pandemic (March 2020-May 2020) in Crete, Greece. The students, after investigating the online education in general and after various discussions, in their final accounts reflected upon a. the changes in their role as students, b. the changes in the role of the teacher, c. they proposed the role that a teacher should have today. The teacher-researcher analyzed these three categories with Critical Discourse Analysis to identify the discourses the students promoted or silenced. The findings showed that online education is not a success story as promoted by researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders; rather it lacks human elements like humor, psychological support, and instant interaction.
The Experience of Studying the Adaptation of Refugees in Foreign Literature
Authors:   Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Kazmyrchuk Mariia
Published: April 2023

Today, the problem of forced migration due to military conflicts is becoming quite popular among foreign researchers. Many scientists, specialists and representatives of various scientific schools and directions are engaged in the study of these processes. The topic of Bosnian migrants became relevant in the early 2000s. The adaptation problems of Syrian refugees began to be actively highlighted in 2011. Today, the topic of Ukrainian refugees is still relevant. Researchers began to study it almost immediately after the Russian large-scale invasion of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of researching the problems of adaptation of refugees on the pages of various foreign scientific publications. The article pays special attention to highlighting their approaches and methods, highlighting non-standard solutions and analyzing shortcomings in the study of adaptation processes of refugees in all the multifaceted aspects of this current world phenomenon. The topics of integration and adaptation of forced migrants fleeing military conflicts are most relevant among foreign researchers. Traditionally, they use the most common method of qualitative and/or quantitative study using structured or semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, online surveys. The «snowball method» is very popular among them. Methods of encoding and protecting information obtained from refugees are quite often used in foreign research. Current areas of research are the study of refugees of different origins in a single country and the study of the experience of refugees over different years. Numbers of shortcomings inherent in those dynamic foreign’s researches have been identified. The analysis of them may help to improve the investigation of the adaptation of refugees in future
Determination of site amplification in the Los Angeles urban area from inversion of strong-motion records
Authors: Harmsen Stephen C.
Published: April 2023

The amplification of strong ground motion at sites in the greater Los Angeles, California, region is determined using the generalized-inverse method of Andrews (1986). Site-amplification estimates are determined at 281 strong-motion sites that provided horizontal-component accelerograms from the 1971 San Fernando, 1987 Whittier Narrows, 1991 Sierra Madre, or 1994 Northridge mainshocks. The estimates are determined relative to the spectral level recorded at a single reference site. In a second inversion, a source-site interaction term is added to Andrews's (1986) model to quantify the effect selected mainshock records have on site-amplification estimates. The source-site interaction term is applied to the San Fernando Valley sites' records of the Northridge earthquake and to three Los Angeles basin sites' records of the Whittier Narrows mainshock.

Site-amplification spectra are averaged within two frequency bands: the intermediate-frequency band (IFB) from 0.5 to 1.5 Hz and the high-frequency band (HFB) from 2 to 6 Hz. Results are displayed on maps of surficial geology. Average spectral levels are correlated with average shear-wave velocity in the uppermost 30 m, a geotechnical parameter used by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) to characterize site amplification. Statistically significant correlation is found in both frequency bands. Average spectral amplification levels for NEHRP class B, C, and D sites in the LA urban area are determined. These averages display an expected increase in spectral amplification with category, with a more pronounced variation in the IFB than in the HFB. Considerable overlap in the one-standard-deviation range of the C and D site levels is found in both IFB and HFB, suggesting that site-specific spectral amplification is influenced by more than just near-surface shear-wave velocity. Average site-amplification levels are compared with those obtained from Northridge aftershock records at 28 collocated sites and are found to be in reasonably good agreement in both frequency bands. Some interesting outliers, that is, sites for which the mainshock- and aftershock-determined amplifications differ significantly, are identified as sites that experienced ground failure during the Northridge mainshock.
Estimating the diminution of shear-wave amplitude with distance: Application to the Los Angeles, California, urban area
Authors: Harmsen Stephen C.
Published: April 2023

The rate of decay with distance of shear-wave amplitude, computed from 20-sec S-wave spectra, is determined from TERRAscope records of small earthquakes in the greater Los Angeles area. Piecewise log-linear interpolation functions and traditional diminution functions are used to fit spectral decay to a maximum distance of 150 km. Simultaneously, isotropic source and receiver terms are determined. Separate branches of the spectral decay function are found for two categories of source depth: greater than 10 km and less than 10 km. In the hypocentral distance range of 20 to 150 km and in the frequency range of 0.5 to 8.0 Hz, an important result of the investigation is that the horizontal-component decay rate associated with deeper-crustal sources is generally greater than that associated with shallower sources and is greater than that which is estimated using more traditional models of spectral decay with distance. The same behavior generally holds for vertical-component spectra. The variation in apparent attenuation rate with source depth should affect seismic-hazard estimates associated with the rupture of blind thrust faults in the Los Angeles basin and vicinity. The results of the inversions suggest that interpolation function representations of spectral decay are sensitive to perturbations of S-wave amplitude due to crustal reflectors, such as post-critical S-wave arrivals from mid-crustal to deep-crustal velocity interfaces.
Approximation of rupture directivity in regional phases using upgoing and downgoing wave fields
Authors: Saikia Chandan K. , Helmberger D. V.
Published: April 2023

Recent broadband modeling of regional events suggests that vertical directivity is particularly important at high frequency. Conventionally, such directivity is obtained by summing a grid of point sources. This relatively time-consuming procedure can be greatly reduced by introducing directivity time histories appropriate for the various crustal phases in terms of upgoing and downgoing paths that are calculated at only one depth. To achieve this, we formulated frequency-wavenumber solutions for a simultaneous computation of surface displacement for three wave fields, upgoing, downgoing, and the total from a seismic source buried in a layered medium (Appendix A). The concept of upgoing and downgoing wave field is introduced in the source layer matrix explicitly before allowing the source coefficients to interact with the propagation of the stress-displacement vector. Using this new algorithm, we generated a set of upgoing and downgoing wave fields at a fixed depth for different crustal models. We also simulated the effects of rupture propagation using distributed point-source summations and predicted the same effect by summing the upgoing and downgoing wave fields calculated at a single depth, each convolved with a separate analytical boxcar function representing the far-field rupture. A library of these new Green's functions should prove much more effective in modeling recorded motions than using point-source Green's functions alone.
The fault ruptures of the 1976 Tangshan earthquake sequence inferred from coseismic crustal deformation
Authors: Huang Bor-Shouh , Tein Yeh Yeong
Published: April 2023

The Tangshan, China, earthquake with magnitude MS = 7.8 occurred on 28 July 1976. Two large aftershocks (called the Luanxian and Ningho earthquakes) followed within a few months. The three major events and other small aftershocks make up the complete Tangshan earthquake sequence. Trilateration measurements and precise levelings were made in the Tangshan area before and after these shocks. In this study, the coseismic surface deformation of the Tangshan area is modeled by the finite-element method to infer the fault geometries and slip distributions of the sequence. Results show that most of the crustal deformation of the Tangshan area was associated with right-lateral slip on a NNE-striking mainshock fault rupture plane together with the ruptures of the two major aftershocks. The fault associated with the mainshock rupture can be divided into southern and northern subfaults with different strikes, dips, and rakes, and inhomogeneous slip distributions. The rupture processes are reconstructed here by the complement of source time functions determined by teleseismic waveform modeling. The Luanxian earthquake was associated with pure normal faulting on a plane dipping 53° N, while the Ningho earthquake was associated with a left-lateral strike-slip faulting with a small normal component. The focal mechanisms of the Tangshan earthquake sequence are consistent with regional tectonics, that is, extensive right-lateral strike-slip fault movement in a NNE direction and associated NE-SW-directed compression. The rupture lengths are 48 km for the mainshock, 18 km for the Luanxian earthquake, and 20 km for the Ningho earthquake. The averaged stress drops are 45 ± 5.5 bar for the mainshock, 34 ± 3.2 bar for the Luanxian earthquake, and 15 ± 1.9 bar for the Ningho earthquake. The high stress drop of the Tangshan earthquake, as compared with other intraplate earthquakes, can be correlated to its long return period inferred from Chinese historical earthquake catalogs.
The Greenland earthquake of 11 July 1987 and postglacial fault reactivation along a passive margin
Authors: Chung Wai-Ying , Gao Hong
Published: April 2023

Intraplate earthquakes, in many cases, occur near continental margins. This observation applies very well to the case of Greenland, a stable continental region with low seismicity. The seismicity of Greenland is nearly totally concentrated along the coastlines of the island, where it is relatively free of ice cover. On 11 July 1987, the largest Greenland earthquake of instrumental record (mb = 5.5, Mw = 5.4) occurred in continental crust off the northeastern coast in the Wandel Sea. Waveforms of long- and short-period teleseismic P and long-period teleseismic SH waves have been modeled to estimate the source parameters for this earthquake. The focal mechanism determined is a normal faulting with a strike-slip component (strike = 148°, dip = 59°, and rake = −131°). The strike direction of one of the nodal planes was found to be consistent with the direction of the dominant structural trend observed in the area. A previous normal faulting mechanism with very different strike directions for this event was found to have inferior waveform fit and is not consistent with the fault strike directions from the local geological setting. The seismic moment of the July 1987 earthquake is 1.75 × 1024 dyne-cm. The focal depth and stress drop are 5 km and 389 bars, respectively. The high stress drop may relate to the relatively long earthquake repeat time in the region. The observed normal faulting of this earthquake can be interpreted as a rupture due to an extensional stress field at the forebulge outside of the ice sheet because of deglaciation flexure in the region. Another major earthquake (26 November 1971; mb = 5.1) 311 km to the south of the 11 July 1987 event was likewise determined to be normal faulting and can be explained as another event triggered by deglaciation. In addition, we find that the sparse general seismicity of Greenland can also be related to postglacial rebound.
Features of Ocular Blood Flow and Methods for Its Study
Authors: Yusef N. Yu. , Kazaryan E. E. , Rafaelyan A. A. , Shashorina S. A.
Published: April 2023

The review presents information about the basic knowledge about the regulation of blood flow in the retina, based on data obtained in animal experiments using invasive methods. Along with the well-known instrumental methods for diagnosing vascular pathology of the eye, new high-tech methods for studying the microcirculation of the eye are used, which make it possible to most reliably assess the degree of circulatory disorders in the vessels of the eyeball. Thanks to the development of non-invasive ultrasound research methods, it became possible to study in more detail the state of blood flow in the vessels of the eyeball in people with vascular pathology of the eye. An important feature of the eye hemodynamics is its dependence on intraocular pressure and the presence of self-regulation of blood flow in the retina, including changes in the illumination of the retina, blood pressure, and so on. The blood supply to the eye can also be affected by pharmacological agents that are commonly used in the treatment of systemic diseases.
Ophthalmic Bioengineering. Review
Authors: Ponomarev V. O. , Zhdanov A. E. , Luzhnov P. V. , Davydova I. D. , Iomdina E. N. , Lizunov A. V. , Dolganov A. Yu. , Ivliev S. A. , Znamenskaya M. A. , Kazajkin V. N. , Borisov V. I. , Filatova E. O.
Published: April 2023

This article published the materials of the round table “Bioengineering in ophthalmology” (OphthalmicBioengineering), held on May 13, 2021 as part of the international conference Ural Symposium on Biomedical Engineering, Radioelectronics and Information Technology (USBEREIT). USBEREIT is held under the auspices of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. The article presents reports on: metrological aspects of registration of tonometric and electrophysiological signals in ophthalmic diagnostics; approaches to modeling the processes of pulse blood filling of the eye with the determination of hemodynamic parameters; retinotoxicity based on electrophysiological signals; analysis of electrophysiological signals in the frequency-time domain and its application in clinical practice; extraction and analysis of specialized data obtained from the electrophysiological medical device; as well as diagnosing retinal diseases based on optical coherence tomography using machine learning.
Impression Cytology as a Method of Cytological Diagnostics in Ophthalmology. Literature Review
Authors: Zlobin I. A. , Churashov S. V. , Kulikov A. N. , Chirsky V. S. , Chernysh V. F. , Gavrilyuk I. O.
Published: April 2023

Impression cytology (from the Latin impressio — impact, indentation) is a minimally invasive method of cytological examination of the surface epithelium of the cornea, limbus and conjunctiva using various sorbing applicators for the collection of cellular material. The spectrum of diseases, in the diagnosis of which impression cytology is traditionally used, is mainly associated with pathological processes occurring in the conjunctiva. Such diseases as: Sjogren’s syndrome, dry eye syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis, vitamin A deficiency, trachoma, squamous cell neoplasia of the ocular surface, etc. With the advent of the concept of limbal epithelial stem cell, new diagnostic possibilities of impression cytology in ophthalmology occurred.
Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Functional Results of Standard and Modified Endothelial and Descemet Membrane Transplantation Techniques
Authors: Malyugin B. E. , Gelyastanov A. M. , Antonova O. P. , Belodedova A. V. , Khaletskaya A. A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose: to evaluate the clinical and functional results of two methods of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty using a full and half graft.

Patients and methods. This study is based on surgical treatment of 54 patients (54 eyes) with cataracts and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy were divided into two groups. In the first one, phacoemulsification of cataract with implantation of a hydrophobic IOL and standard «classical» technique of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty were performed, it included 30 patients (30 eyes). The second group underwent cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of a hydrophobic IOL and modified transplantation of a fragment (1/2) of Descemet’s membrane, it included 24 patients (24 eyes).

Results. Transparent engraftment in the first group was achieved in 100 % of cases (30 out of 30 patients), in the second group in 95.8 % of cases (23 out of 24 patients). It should be noted that in the second group, one patient had fibrosis of the posterior layers of the corneal stroma (due to incomplete adherence of the DM to the posterior surface of the recipient’s cornea), this complication required endothelial re-keratoplasty. After 12 months, the BCVA improved from 0.2 ± 0.1 to 0.8 ± 0.2 in the first group, from 0.1 ± 0.1 to 0.7 ± 0.2 in the second group (p < 0 ,0001). The central corneal thickness (CCT) according to keratopachymetry in the first group decreased from 648.7 ± 60 to 512.4 ± 27.4 μm, in the second group — from 650.9 ± 44.5 to 519.6 ± 43.9 μm respectively. The endothelial cell loss (ECL) was 52.3 % and 54.9 % in the first and second groups respectively.

Conclusion. The modified technique of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty is effective for the treatment of Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy providing high clinical and functional results. A comparative analysis of the results obtained showed that at all results of BCVA, ECC and CCT by 12 months after surgery were comparable between two groups. Thus, the use of the new technique made it possible to double the availability of donor material and provide patients good clinical outcomes comparable to those of «classical» DMEK.
The role of human emotions in memorable tourism experience and revisit intention
Authors:   Department of ManagementStudies, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior (MP), India, Tiwari Abhijeet Vikramaditya , Bajpai Naval ,   Department of ManagementStudies, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior (MP), India, Pandey Prasant Kumar ,   Department of ManagementStudies, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior (MP), India
Published: April 2023

As tourism research focuses on experience, memorable tourism experience (MTE) is gaining importance among academia and destination managers. However, only limited studies have examined the antecedents and consequences of MTE. Therefore, this study will investigate human emotions with their underlying factors in influencing MTE to cater to revisit intention in tourists. For this study,CFA-SEM is applied to a sample of 1120 tourists from central India to access the empirical relationships. The empirically validated model confirmed the significant relationships among human emotions, MTE, and revisit intention. Results suggested that human emotions significantly influence MTE, which is reflected as revisit intention in tourists. Findings also confirmed the moderating role of the perceived risk of COVID-19 further, exploring the health-linked effects on tourism. This study will help the researchers and destination managers make more informed decisions and strategies to make tourism destinations more sustainable by incorporating human emotions as a significant factor in influencing the tourism experience. The findings will also help destination managers in making tourism more risk-averse
Using a peak flow meter to assess severity of exacerbation in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective observational study
Authors: Sreekumar Arunkumar , Kiran Kumar
Published: April 2023

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important and dangerous public health concern, and deaths due to it has become the leading cause of mortality in several countries. Exacerbations of the disease are very common and is frequently responsible for progressive decline in lung function, quality of life and ultimately death. Through this study, we hypothesize whether estimating peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) using a simple peak flowmeter could help in early prediction of the intensity and severity of exacerbations of COPD.
Methods: This study was conducted amongst 100 patients, at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, who were diagnosed with COPD, based on GOLD criteria and respective pulmonary function tests. Their PEFR and oxygen saturation values were recorded during their routine clinic visits and during an exacerbation episode and results were analyzed.
Results: Out of 100 patients, 91 were males and 9 were female patients, with a mean age of 64.4 years and commonest age affected is 55 years. Average duration of COPD amongst the study participants ranged from 4 to 11 years with a mean of 7.19 years. PEFR was graded into 3 zones based on guidelines and measurements noted. Of the 76 male patients with 80-100% PEFR recordings, 10 (13.15%) had a drop to 50-80% PEFR and 66 (86.85%) of them dropped to <50% PEFR reading during an exacerbation. For the female subjects, of the 9 patients with 80-100% of expected PEFR, 3 (33.33%) had dropped to 50-80% and 6 (66.69%) had dropped to <50% of PEFR reading. SpO2 had significant change at exacerbations as compared during normal phase dropping with mean of 94.82 to 81.3 which was statistically significant across age and gender. Wilcoxon signed rank test was done to quantify statistical change showed z score of -9.138 with p<0.0001, which was significant across age and gender groups.
Conclusions: As a simple, inexpensive tool, peak flowmeter could be useful for bedside monitoring of severity of exacerbation of COPD. This could be vital for early detection and appropriate medical intervention.
Clinico-epidemiological features of hypopharyngeal cancer patients presenting at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university, Bangladesh
Authors: Samsujjaman Khandokar , Alam Sarwar , Bari M. A. , Talukdhar Sajib K. , Shams Mohammad J. , Jha Rajani
Published: April 2023

Background: In Bangladesh, hypopharyngeal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in head neck region. In this study, the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer were evaluated.
Methods: From November 2021 to October 2022, 172 patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma were included in this descriptive, cross-sectional study at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university's department of clinical oncology. During in-person interviews, data were gathered from patients using a pre-made questionnaire.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.42 (±7.652) years, and the majority of them (59.3%) were between the ages of 51 and 60. Male patients made up 81.4% of the total patient population, and 51.16% of them were farmers. The majority of the cases (79.07%) consumed tobacco. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most prevalent histological type among the patients (92%), and most of them had a moderate degree of differentiation (65.12%). The pyriform fossa (81.4%) was the most common primary sub site.
Conclusions: In conclusion, tobacco users and middle-aged men are more likely to develop hypopharyngeal cancer. The most common histological type is moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, with tumours most commonly seen in the pyriform fossa of hypopharynx.
Diabetic nephropathy and its risk factors among patients with diabetes mellitus-an observational study
Authors: Sumanta Kumer Saha  , M. D. Mohammad Saifuddin  , Tamanna Tabassum Moni  , M. Rezaul Kadir  , Aliva Haque  , Sabiha Tabassum Mithila
Published: April 2023

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is frequently associated with T2DM and the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the three classic micro-vascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), traditionally described among patients with long duration and poor control of DM. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among patients with DM.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in the department of medicine, LABAID specialized hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from March 2022 to March 2023. We included 345 patients with DM and diabetic nephropathy in our study.
Results: In our study the mean age was 43.1±9.3 years and majority (57%) of patients were female. Among all patients 48% had diabetes for less than 8 years. Majority (72%) patients got nephropathy because of elevated glucose levels. We found other risk factors like advanced age (37.39%), smoking (27.83%), obesity (61.16%), elevated blood pressure (53.33%), dyslipidemia (20%), longer duration of diabetes (47.25%), family history of DM and DN (21.45% and 24.35%) and retinopathy (25.80%).
Conclusions: In our study, we found advanced age, high glucose level, high blood pressure, obesity, long duration of DM, family history of DM and diabetic nephropathy, smoking, dyslipidemia and concomitant diabetic retinopathy were significant risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among selected diagnosed diabetic patients.
Post traumatic volar complex dislocation of first metacarpophalangeal joint: a case study
Authors: Ambulgekar Rajesh Kishanrao , Ahire Priyanka Tanaji
Published: April 2023

First metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint dislocations are very uncommon injuries. These dislocations are classified as volar or dorsal, and then as simple or complicated, based on the direction of the dislocation and its reducibility. Dorsal being the most common approach as it is safer. It is found that reduction was stable and started with immobilisation for 15 days followed by physiotherapy. Postoperatively patient was having range of motion (25-50 deg) and post operative 2 months patient was able to do daily activities with his affected hand with VAS score of 1. Complex metacarpophangeal joint dislocations needs operative management combined with postoperative physiotherapy to achieve good clinical outcomes so as to reduce the risk of arthritis and decreased grip force.
Assessment of the functional results of hemiarthroplasty in geriatric individuals with unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures
Authors: Tuse Sushant S. , Bhutani Prashant , Matin Aamir
Published: April 2023

Background: The objective of our study is to measure early weight bearing, mobilization, rapid rehabilitation, complications in unstable intertrochanteric femur after hemiarthroplasty fractures in elderly patients.
Methods: Prospective and retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted to assess functional results of hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures following surgery in patients who underwent surgery from 2019 to 2021 in department of orthopaedics of Seth Nandlal Dhoot Hospital, Aurangabad. Out of total 44 participants, there were 16 males and 28 females with mean age of 79.54 years of study participants. The patients were evaluated radiologically with routine X-rays i.e. pelvis with both hip joint anteroposterior (AP) view and affected side hip lateral view and clinically early weight bearing, mobilization, rapid rehabilitation and complication with Harris hip score.
Results: In our study we observed good result of 86.53±5.73 mean Harris hip score at the end of 1 year was following surgery in 44 study participants who underwent hemiarthroplasty in unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly patients.
Conclusions: Primary hemiarthroplasty offers an essentially pain-free movable joint and is a preferable mode of treatment for older osteoporotic patients who suffers from unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures. Hemiarthroplasty allows for early mobilization and offers rapid stability and mobility, preventing the issues associated with recumbency. Hemiarthroplasty has a lower rate of complications and revision surgery than fixation. According to the Harris hip score, primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty results in a good functional outcome, but long-term monitoring is necessary.
A comparative study between intraarticular infiltration of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid in osteoarthritis knee
Authors: Manju Jayaram  , T. S. Channappa , Yatish R.  , Shivskumar H. B.  , Shuvam Singh
Published: April 2023

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common progressive musculoskeletal condition that can affect joints, but it mainly affects the hips and knees as predominant weight-bearing joints and is characterized by structural modifications to primarily articular cartilage and subchondral bone, Hoffa’s fat pad, synovia, ligaments and muscles, leading to the concept of OA as a whole joint disease. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the outcomes of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) intra-articular injections in patients with OA in terms of pain by numerical pain score and VAS and to evaluate the outcomes of PRP and HA intra-articular injections in patients with OA in terms of functional outcome by WOMAC scores.
Methods: The study was a prospective hospital-based study in Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences between 2020 to 2022. The study was conducted on 100 patients, more than the age of 50 years of either gender with grade I-III OA of the knee fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were followed up at 6, 12 and 24 weeks for data collection and data was analyzed after follow-up visits were completed for all patients.
Results: On intragroup analysis, there was significant reduction in the mean WOMAC score in both the study groups across time-points (p<0.05). On intragroup analysis, there was significant reduction in the mean VAS score in both the study groups across time-points (p<0.05). On intergroup analysis at any time point of follow-up, the mean WOMAC score was noted to be statistically comparable between the study groups (p>0.05).
Conclusions: In patients with symptomatic knee OA, intra-articular HA and PRP provide short term improvement in pain and function. Both the therapy agents for OA were associated with equivalent safety, with no complications.
An experimental analysis on India\'s oxygen failure during the 2nd COVID-19 wave
Authors: Mishra Richa
Published: April 2023

The most dreaded sickness to have lately spread across the world is thought to be corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During the first wave, India had extremely few COVID-19-positive cases per million people, but during the second wave, even more than 400,000 confirmed cases/day were reported. News of the medical oxygen shortage became more widely publicised following the Corona virus pandemic epidemic (Covid-19). One of the most crucial elements in the care of patients who have Covid-19 is medical oxygen. When the Covid epidemic was at its worst, India's medical system struggled with an oxygen shortage, which caused a sharp increase in the daily death toll. The demand for oxygen cylinders, ventilators, and other medical supplies grew to the point that there was not enough supply (availability). There was a significant unmet demand as a result. The Government of India made several attempts to fast ramp up the production process in order to guarantee that medical oxygen is given to individuals who are in dire need of it. However, the medical oxygen was unable to be transported from the point of production to the point of consumption due to significant logistical and supply chain issues. The goal of this study article is to thoroughly comprehend the numerous factors that contributed to the medical oxygen system failing in India during the second wave of the Covid-19 virus.
Solution of the traffic flow equation using the finite element method
Authors: Devia Narváez Diana , Ospina Ospina Rogelio , Mesa Fernando
Published: April 2023

In this document we will study and solve the nonlinear partial differential equation, with initial conditions for vehicle entry that serves to model the dynamics of traffic flow. To find a numerical solution to the dynamics that govern the behavior of traffic flow, the Finite Element Method in a spatial dimension was used. In accordance with the temporal dynamics, simulations were developed to know the flow in terms of time. The numerical solution is interesting for predicting the number of vehicles at the entrance to a high-flow road. Some theorems are enunciated that guarantee the existence of the solution and the uniqueness is given by the boundary conditions.
Exoesqueletos industriales: siete principios para su implementación desde la perspectiva de la ergonomía
Authors: Torres Medina Yaniel , Rodríguez Yordán
Published: April 2023

En los últimos años ha crecido el interés por el uso de exoesqueletos industriales como estrategia de prevención de desórdenes musculoesqueléticos de origen laboral. Sin embargo, existe aún incertidumbre sobre las posibles ventajas y desventajas de la adopción de esta relativamente nueva tecnología. El objetivo de este artículo es llevar a cabo un análisis crítico sobre el uso de los exoesqueletos industriales como estrategia de prevención de desórdenes musculoesqueléticos y proponer siete principios para guiar su implementación en contextos de trabajo desde la perspectiva de la ergonomía. Si bien el potencial de los exoesqueletos es prometedor, el estado actual de conocimientos es insuficiente como para hacer un uso de ellos en la prevención de desórdenes musculoesqueléticos sin considerar algunos cuestionamientos. Se recomienda que un profesional competente en ergonomía acompañe cualquier intervención encaminada a implementar exoesqueletos industriales, con el objetivo de incrementar las posibilidades de éxito y atenuar efectos negativos.
Application of rice shell activated carbon for reduction of chemical oxygen demand limit and adsorption of iron from abattoir wastewater
Authors: Udo Robinson Davi , Tsebam Samuel Ayegu , Samson Kolade Olawale , Umo Precious Nya , Lawal Adeniyi Solomon , Gordon Juliet , Fetuata Oluwaseun , Fetuga Ibrahim Ademola , Olakoyejo Olabode Thomas , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

In this investigation, rice shell (RS)-activated carbon (AC) - (RS-AC) is used as a bio-sorbent to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) and adsorb iron from effluent from an abattoir. With H3PO4, the rice husk was altered and chemically activated. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) as well as Fourier-Transform-Infrared (F-T-IR) were utilized to examine the activated RS and examine its content, appearance, and structure. Moreover, proximate analytical study was used to ascertain the activated rice husk's wetness, volatile matter, ash, bulk density, and fixed carbon contents. Contact period, temperature, and dosage are the adsorption parameters that are assessed. The contact period of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min, the dosage of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6g, and the temperature of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100oC were evaluated for the Fe bio-adsorption as well as COD limits reduction in wastewater obtained from abattoir at constant agitation of 200rmp and potential hydrogen level of 5 for all the runs. RS-AC can be used to maintain the amount of iron and COD in aqueous solutions and water treatment, according to the results. According to this investigation, ARH has a high fixed carbon content, which makes it an efficient bio-adsorbent, and the resulting RS-AC has a good bulk density for flow consistency. The FI-M best matches the linear equation for iron removal, whereas the LI-M given that the coefficient of correlation that well matches the equation to have COD limit at acceptable level. In comparison to other models, second ordered Kinetics model-SOKM satisfactorily describes current data to keep Fe as well as COD levels within standard ranges; as a result, chemical adsorption controls the bio-adsorption process.
Increasing self-protection skills of children staying in women's shelters with body safety training: a child sexual abuse prevention study
Authors: ÇITAK-TUNÇ Gülseren , ESER Dilek , KILINÇ Fatma
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Child sexual abuse is a risk for children living in a happy family environment, as well as for children under state protection who have problems in achieving family unity.
Methods: The study was conducted with 17 children between 3-7 years of age staying at women’s shelters with their mothers and aimed to improve their sexual abuse recognition and self-protection skills. 7 children identified as experimental group were provided with the Body Safety Training program and the effect of the training was evaluated with the “What If” Situation Test. The test results in the experimental group were compared with 10 children in the control group and the test was repeated three weeks later in order to determine the persistance of the training.
Results: The data obtained were evaluated by non-parametric analysis and Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon-signed Rank Test were used in addition to Mann Whitney U tests to determine the difference between the groups. As a result of the research, “What If” Situation Test sub-dimension mean scores showed an increase in favor of the post-test in the experimental group, but no significant increase was observed in the control group.
Conclusions: This difference observed in the experimental group shows that the Body Safety Training program is an effective program to increase self-protection skills for preventing sexual abuse in children.
Queering the Outdoors: Experiences of 2LGBTQIA+ Outdoor Recreation Professionals
Authors: Heath Sandy , Duffy Lauren , Lewis Stephen , Busey Christopher , Sène-Harper Aby
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Two Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual, Plus non-conforming identities (LGBTQ+) individuals who have pursued a professional career in the outdoor recreation industry. Six stories of queer identity in the outdoors were gifted to this study, with the understanding that not all LGBTQ+ individuals experience the outdoors in the same way. Each participant was encouraged to guide the study through individual expression in alignment with an emancipatory critical narrative research design. This study considers participant experiences across the span of their career, where job advancement and the role of colleagues both arose as prominent themes that shed light on the pervasiveness of hegemonic culture in the outdoor recreation profession. Outdoor recreation organizations may learn from these stories to disentangle harmful social norms from curriculum and practices by creating structural pathways for professionals with non-dominant identities, and authentically consider how an organization’s history informs its culture. The findings have important implications for creating inclusive culture in the outdoor recreation profession.
Małe miasta ziemi łęczyckiej w średniowieczu i wczesnej epoce nowożytnej - wybrane problemy badawcze
Authors: Ćwikła Łukasz
Published: April 2023

W tekście zaprezentowano problemy badawcze odnośnie do małych miast ziemi łęczyckiej w średniowieczu i wczesnej epoce nowożytnej. Na podstawie wybranych przykładów ukazano i omówiono takie trudności jak: brak ksiąg miejskich, niejednoznaczność łacińskich terminów, zaburzenia w chronologii źródeł, identyfikacja osób, odróżnienie wsi od miast o takich samych nazwach. Dokonano również charakterystyki źródeł pisanych, w których znajdują się informacje na temat małych miast. W obliczu wskazanych problemów to właśnie księgi grodzkie i ziemskie oraz rejestry podatkowe pozostają podstawowymi źródłami do badania dziejów tych terenów.
Myśl ekonomiczna kalwinizmu
Authors: Chmielewska Justyna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the paper is to present the economic thoughts of John Calvin and his
followers, referring to current issues, such as money lending, usury, or work. The
latter, according to the famous thesis of Max Weber, received spiritual value by
acting as a bridge between God's will and daily life. The hypothesis of this article
differs somewhat from this conviction, assuming that the main economic elements
of Calvinist thought have been the consequence of the release of temporal realities
from the influence of the direct action of God, according to the protestant theology
of the radical separation of nature and grace. Initiated by Protestantism, the dichotomy
of nature and grace seems to have important consequences for economic
thought. The salvific dimension of human fate remained in the hands of God, he
depends entirely on its favour in connection with the dogma of predestination. In
the earthly life, a human being was treated as a part of nature, his survival depended
on skill and determination. in the struggle with nature, devoid of the grace of
God, ruled by the law of necessity. Survival and a better life depended primarily
on human labour and effort. The flourishing of economic life has resulted not only
from the ethical role of work, but also from the fact that it was no longer inhibited
by religious restrictions. Thus, modern man was born, more and more aware of his
subjectivity, subordinating nature to himself building the human world in place of
the natural world. Building a modern society and economy is part of the Protestant
ethos of mastering nature.
"Duch demokratycznego kapitalizmu" Michaela Novaka Jego analiza i ocena w kontekście etyki chrześcijańskiej
Authors: Świątkowski Waldemar
Published: April 2023

The paper refers to Michael Novak’s book The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism. In
his book Novak advances, among others, the thesis that in the light of the encyclical
Laborem Exercens, published by John Paul II (1981), one can speak about some
converging elements of Catholic and liberal social thought, e.g.: the creativity of
modern labour, which would reflect, however, in the two doctrines the theological
symbols of the Creator and His creation. But this paper cools down the enthusiasm
of Novak and in six analysed aspects seeks to show that, despite some convergence
in the phraseology between “the spirit of democratic capitalism” and “the spirit of
Christian ethics”, there extends between them an essential abyss, which is the result
of basing each “spirit” on different models of ethics.
Etyczny aspekt teorii normatywnych rachunkowości
Authors: Rogowska Beata
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to show the ethical aspects of the so-called normative
accounting theory (NT), with particular emphasis on the ethical and normative
theory (EN) important for the development of accounting as a science, taking
into account its social function. Attention is focused on the so-called axiological
layer with regard to the methodological foundation (pragmatic methods and
related metascience) regarding the work of theorists in Western Europe.
Although in the years 70s shall be considered as unscientific and begin the process
of domination positive theory of accounting. It seems that in the twentyfirst
century takes rebirth specific ethical and social topics in accounting.
The importance and usefulness of ethics in accounting due to turbulent environment
changes of accounting and social needs, as well as changes within the
science.
Kontrowersje związane z reklamowaniem leków. Analiza porównawcza Polski i Stanów Zjednoczonych
Authors: Makowska Marta
Published: April 2023

For many years, the subject of aggressive marketing campaigns conducted by pharmaceutical companies has been raised in Poland. Drug ads are everywhere, on television, the radio, magazines and on the Internet. Therefore, it is extremely important is to ensure both their legal and ethical dimension. In my article I will present the differences between direct-to-consumer advertising of medicines in Poland and in the US. The dissimilarities result mainly from differences in legislation. In Poland the law is much stricter than in the US. For example, in the United States companies are allowed to advertise prescription drugs directly to patients. In the whole of the European Union, and thus in Poland, it is strictly prohibited. The article will present other regulations existing in Poland and in the United States and it will compare them. It will show examples of violations of the law and ethics in the advertising of medicine in both countries. It will briefly outline the negative consequences of unacceptable pharmaceutical marketing.
Las «partes» del Poema de Parménides : un prejuicio interpretativo trágico
Authors: Cordero Néstor Luis
Published: April 2023

Como es sabido, el Poema de Parménides, tal como lo conocemos hoy y lo mismo ocurre con todos los textos de los filósofos llamados presocráticos es una reconstrucción o reconstitución llevada a cabo a partir de citas del original encontradas en autores de la Antigüedad que poseían el texto, suponemos, en su versión original y completa.
A função do mito nos livros II e III da República de Platão
Authors: Araújo Carolina
Published: April 2023

Quizás no sea necesario que las consideraciones de Sócrates sobre la función y el uso de los mitos en los libros segundo y tercero de la República sirvan de modelo y justificación para el uso general de Platón de este género discursivo en sus diálogos. Sin embargo, de ser así, parecería legítimo afirmar que podrían aportar alguna luz para esbozar el propósito platónico de escribir de un modo supuestamente mixto: con investigaciones argumentativas y narraciones míticas.