bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Chinese Code and Eurocode on the impact sound insulation requirements of the residential floor
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Hu Xiamin
Published: March 2019

At present, the impact sound insulation performance of the residential floor attracts increasing
attention, which is a critical index to evaluate the physical performance of the residential building. Improving
the sound insulation performance is an effective measure to improve the living quality and solve the
contradictions between neighbors. Therefore, many sound insulation standards have been established to guide
the design of building sound insulation. In this paper, comparisons between Chinese code and Eurocode on the
impact sound insulation requirements of the residential floor were presented, including the evaluation
parameter and the limit value of sound insulation. In addition, the applicability of limit value of sound
insulation standard for each country was analyzed in detail through the existing experimental data of different
floor structures, and then reasonable suggestions were put forward.
Design knowledge in the artistic–aesthetic development and transformation of the world
Authors: Irina Charikova , Viktor Zhadanov , Aida Kiryakova
Published: March 2019

The result of project activities is the adoption and implementation of decisions on the development and transformation of the world. Two related forms of project knowledge have a special influence on this process of project transformation: descriptive and prescriptive. This article contains the author’s interpretation of the concept of "project knowledge" as a set of developed historical experiences, scientific knowledges and peoples’ skills, abilities, ways, means andindividual project actions in the aesthetic transformation of the world. The purpose of this article is to consider the theoretical foundations of the formation of project knowledge in the aesthetic development and transformation of the world. An epistemological approach was implemented as the study’s methodology.
Study on the effect of pre-treatment of Oil Palm Shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate using hot water 50-°C and room temperature water 28-°C to lightweight concrete strength
Authors: Taek Lee Sung , Handika Nuraziz , Tjahjono Elly , Arijoeni Essy
Published: March 2019

With a rapidly growing population, the need for homes is increasing, which means the demand for housing material is also increasing in Indonesia. On the other hand, as the largest producer of palm oil in the world, Indonesia produces almost half of the world’s palm oil inventories. Oil palm shells (OPS) are agricultural solid end products from palm oil manufacturing processes. In this research, the use of OPS waste as substitution materials for making concrete is investigated. In order to be used as structural building material, some mechanical properties of materials must achieve the requirements of the National Standard SNI. The general objective of this research is to understand the effect of the pretreatment process on OPS aggregate on the mechanical behaviour of lightweight concrete. To do so, first, pre-treatment on the OPS is performed using hot water (50°C) and room temperature water (26-28°C). Second, by using the most effective mixed proportions from previous research in laboratory, pre-treated OPS is used to cast concrete. Third, some experimental tests are carried out to evaluate its mechanical properties, such as: concrete compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile strength (split test). Then, behaviour from both different treatments are compared and discussed. Finally, this research can determine which method gives better result for the application of OPS as biosource substituent material.
Behaviour of cable-stayed bridge’s girder to multi-support excitation
Authors: Masrilayanti  , Riza Aryanti , Ruddy Kurniawan , Zakpar Siregar
Published: March 2019

This paper describes the behaviour of the longitudinal and cross girder of cable-stayed bridge due to multi-support excitation. Cablestayed bridges should be analysed by different support accelerations since generally they have long spans. In this research, an 800 m long cablestayed bridge was assessed by giving different support accelerations. The method used is by arranging simulation using structural analysis software. The displacement time histories are obtained by converting the response spectra using MathCAD. The structural responses were then compared to the application of single support excitation. Results show that there is a significant discrepancy between the two analyses. Single support excitation causes lower responses if the ground motion magnitudes are similar to the small magnitude of the multi-support excitation, and it yields to a higher responses if the magnitudes are similar to the greater value of the multi-support excitation.
Risk assessment on occupational accident of apartment building structural work with Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method
Authors: Ratnaningsih Anik , Arifin Syamsul , Suyoso Hernu , Trisiana Anita , Azkha Yusuf Nizam
Published: March 2019

The apartment is a vertical building used for residential purposes. It is included in a high rise building category with high occupational risk accident level due to its work complexity, or high elevation factors. This research discussed the risk assessment of occupational accident at one of the apartment constructions in Surabaya in order to determine its dominant risk factors and mitigation. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method was applied to this research. It is a risk assessment method based on severity, occurrence, and detection. Following the relevant assessment, it resulted in 3 types of occupational accidents with the highest Risk Priority Number, namely height work accident, falling material from tower crane, and risk of landslide excavation.
Traffic management of Udayana University Sudirman campus intersection using Vissim software
Authors: Suthanaya Putu Alit , Upadiana Ngurah
Published: March 2019

The city of Denpasar is the capital of Bali Province, as well as the centre of various activities including government offices, hospitals, schools/ universities, trade and services, as well as tourism. Traffic congestion in the city of Denpasar is increasing from year to year, especially at the point of the intersection node, such as at the signalised intersection of Udayana University Sudirman Campus. The high trip attraction to Udayana University Campus has exacerbated the congestion of the intersection. The purpose of this study was to examine an alternative to managing the traffic flow using the Vissim software. The required data included the intersection geometric data, traffic volume and signal timing. The calculation of the intersection’s performance was conducted based on the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM). The simulation of the traffic flow management was conducted with the help of the Vissim software. The results of the performance analysis of the intersection conduced using Vissim Software indicated that the application of Vissim software was valid. The traffic management proposed has reduced both queue length and delay time.
Influence of Ciawi and Sukamahi dam construction on flood early warning system in Katulampa weir
Authors: Asrafi Maulana , Anggraheni Evi , Sutjiningsih Dwita
Published: March 2019

Based on the Comprehensive Flood Management Plan (CFMP), one of the flood control alternatives in the Ciliwung Watershed is using the dry dam construction. Construction of Ciawi dam and Sukamahi dam who are located in Bogor District, are expected to decrease the flood peak and increasing the time concentration in order to reduce the impact caused by a flood in DKI Jakarta due to Ciliwung River. With the construction of Ciawi dam and Sukamahi dam, it is necessary to conduct a research on the effect of both dams construction in Katulampa Weir, one of monitoring point dams on the DKI Jakarta Flood Early Warning System. Hydrological analysis with Win-TR 20 and HEC-RAS was conducted to identify the changes in the flood level of Flood Early Warning System in DKI Jakarta with and without both dams are available. The results of this study indicate that the peak floods decreased by around 2.5% after the implementation of Ciawi dam and Sukamahi dams. The impacts of this reduction will not affect the Flood Early Warning System level at Katulampa Weir significantly.
Peat soil mass stabilization using geopolymeric hybrid material in early age
Authors: Wibisono Gunawan , Erwin  , Kamaldi Alfian , Olivia Monita
Published: March 2019

Peat is an organic soil, highly compressible and has high water content. The soil needs to be stabilized chemically by incorporating binders such as cement and lime into the soil that will change the properties and soil strength. However, stabilization using cement solely is not recommended since the organic acid in peat soil could delay cement hydration process. Furthermore, mass stabilization using pozzolanic material also could improve strength development of peat soil. In this research, the pozzolanic material in the form of geopolymer hybrid or geopolymer with the addition of Ordinary Portland Cement was investigated. Geopolymer was produced by activating fly ash with a combination of NaOH and sodium silicate. OPC addition improves initial strength and assists geopolymerization at ambient temperature. Variables studied were binder content and a percentage of OPC, and percentage of fly ash. Unconfined Compressive Stress (UCS) at 7 days was measured for all specimens. Mass stabilization using fly ash geopolymer hybrid could improve strength development of peat soil.
Characteristics of Palangkaraya fibrous peat
Authors: Estu Yulianto Faisal , Harwadi Fuad , Rusdiansyahi
Published: March 2019

Palangkaraya fibrous peat soil is a soil with high organic content and was formed due to decomposition of plants in submerged areas for long periods. In the tropics, peat has a high fiber content that affects the physical and engineering characteristic and have different behavior with clay. Laboratory and field tests were conducted to determine the physical and engineering characteristic of fibrous peat and to compare it with clay. The results of the tests on fibrous peat show peat soil parameter very different from clays. The unit weight of peat is 1.04 gr/cm3with specific gravity is 1.4 and water content reach 650%. This physical parameter shows that peat is a very soft soil that is dominated by water in its structure. Organic content of peat reached 97% with a very low ash content of 3%. This behavior indicates that the decomposition of plants causes physical properties of peat that are very different from clays. The bearing capacity of the peat is also very low. The shear strength was about 26.8 kPa (ov = 50 kPa) and was dependent on the fiber distribution in the sample under test. Vane shear test results also show the same thing that is 5-7 kPa. The very different behavior of fibrous peat with clay is the consolidation. Peat has 4 stages of compression wherein secondary compression is the main compression. This behavior is due to the fibrous peat has two pores, that are micropores and macropores. The results of comparisons can serve as a basis for determining appropriate peat soil improvement methods.
Landslide geomorphology evaluation and geology structure analysis at Riau-West Sumatra highway in km 89-94
Authors: Cahyaningsih Catur , Choanji Tiggi , Yuskar Yuniarti , Bagus Eka Putra Dewandra , Rahman Fauzi , Fransismik Crensonni Puja
Published: March 2019

The research area is in the location hit by landslide frequently. Located in Riau-West Sumatra Highway in Km 89-94, Pangkalan Sub District, Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra Province. The research objective to analyse the geomorphological conditions, which is relevance an increased vulnerability to landslides in the study area. The method used consist of geomorphology analysis using morphometric, morphography and morphogenetic parameters. The results of the analysis concluded that the geomorphology of the reserach area is classified into two: High Hills Steep Structural Geomorphology Unit (S2) dominates in all regions and Slightly Steep Hills Denudational Geomorphology Units (D3) is located in the Northeast, the percentages of distribution are 83%, and 17% respectively. Drainage pattern classified to parallel system. Lithology constituent consisting of claystone, siltstone, sandstone, and andesite. Structural geology analysis of joint show trend pattern to the Northwest -Southeast.
Regional Coverage with Banking Services and Regional Economic Health
Authors: Lebedinskaya O.G. , Timofeev A.G. , Kurnikova M.V.
Published: March 2019

Economic developments are rapidly accelerating, and the world is becoming even more complicated. Recently, the world has witnessed the trend toward the reduction of household contribution and growing contribution of non-financial corporations as well as the one of public administration to GDP within its institutional structure. The main problem in Russia results from huge territories and low interest of investors due to weak guarantees of investment protection. The banks with large state-owned shareholding do not always match their activities with the interests of the State. Low penetration of banking services into regions results from their low capitalization, low level of financial literacy, insufficient demand for banking services from the population and unfair competition posed by state-owned banks. With the general problems of banking sector added by regional factors, the derived statistics is extremely controversial. The solution of this problem needs durable solutions.
Energy-Efficient Economy as a Condition of Human Capital Reproduction
Authors: Pogharnitskaya O.V. , Matyugina E.G. , Terdi E.S.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to assessment of quantitative and qualitative human capital reproduction in energy-efficient economy provided by research of correlation between dynamics of energy consumption and transformation of life quality. The purpose of the research is to assess the role of energy-efficient economy in shaping of the conditions for human capital reproduction as a way of investment into its qualitative development. To achieve this purpose transformation of traditional spheres of sustainable development together with the implementation of the energy-efficient economy approaches in terms of maintaining of quality of human capital are considered. We conduct a study comparing several dependencies: development of productive powers - increasing requirements for the quality of human capital; ensuring effective reproduction - improving the quality of life, improving the quality of life associated with the economic system; GDP – energy consumption; GDP - CO2 emissions. The object of the study is dynamics of indicators characterizing the above dependencies, a number of the countries – members of the OECD – having an expanded human capital reproduction. Examined countries demonstrate correlation between energy efficiency of economy and quality of human capital with rather a wide variability of chosen indicators. Results of the research may become a base for forecast of development of studied indicators and their factors.
Bluttransfusion: ein Leitfaden für die klinische Entscheidungsfindung
Authors: Tanner Linda , Müller Markus
Published: March 2019

Die Transfusion von Blutprodukten hat für jede medizinische Fachrichtung eine hohe Relevanz. Die Indikation muss allerdings sehr genau gestellt werden – besonders unter dem Aspekt, dass Blutprodukte nicht unbegrenzt verfügbar sind. Dieser Beitrag soll helfen, im Klinikalltag und in der Notfallmedizin richtige Entscheidungen zu treffen, Komplikationen zu erkennen und gegebenenfalls Alternativen zur Transfusion anwenden zu können.
Schlafstörungen
Authors: Schmid HP Eva C.
Published: March 2019

In dieser Ausgabe beschäftigen sich alle Prüfungsfragen mit Schlafstörungen.
Den Schalter umlegen
Authors: Gundacker Stefanie
Published: March 2019

Die Trigeminusneuralgie tritt häufig mit plötzlichen heftigen Schmerzattacken auf, die Lebensqualität und Schlaf massiv beeinträchtigen – so auch in dem hier vorgestellten Fall. 50–70-mal pro Tag schoss der Schmerz bei Leon L. mit hoher Intensität in den Gesichtsbereich ein – nach einer erfolglosen Behandlung mit Antiepileptika stand eine komplizierte Operation bevor. Eine Kombination aus hochdosierten Vitaminen, Schmerzöl, Blutegeltherapie und Hypnose konnte die Zahl und Intensität der Anfälle auf ein annehmbares Maß reduzieren und einen chirurgischen Eingriff entbehrlich machen.
Kindlein schlaf (endlich)
Authors: Gärtner Helmine Thiele-
Published: March 2019

Wenn Kinder ab einem Alter von 6–12 Monaten nur verzögert und nur mithilfe der Eltern einschlafen können oder in den meisten Nächten mehr als dreimal aufwachen, spricht man von einer Schlafstörung. Zu den häufigen Ursachen von Schlafstörungen bei Kindern zählen Ängste der Eltern, ein unphysiologischer Tagesrhythmus, Mangelzustände, Schwangerschafts- oder Geburtstraumata. Ist die Ursache von Schlafstörungen bei Kindern erkannt, lassen sich die Störungen wirksam zum Beispiel mit Homöopathika und Schüßler-Salzen behandeln, wie Fallbeispiele verdeutlichen.
Labordiagnostik bei infektassoziierten Arthritiden
Authors: Krause Andreas
Published: March 2019

Virale Arthritiden präsentieren sich typischerweise mit der Trias Polyarthritis, Exanthem und Fieber. Die Diagnose wird durch den Nachweis Erreger-spezifischer IgM-Antikörper unterstützt. Die seltenen septischen Arthritiden sind medizinische Notfälle. Labordiagnostisch ist der Erregernachweis im Gelenkpunktat mittels Gram-Präparat und Kultur entscheidend. Reaktive Arthritiden gehören zur Gruppe der Spondyloarthritiden und treten nach gelenkfernen, bakteriellen Infektionen meist im Urogenital- oder Gastrointestinaltrakt auf. Die Diagnose wird anamnestisch (auslösende Infektion) und klinisch (charakteristische Manifestationen) gestellt. Die serologische Diagnostik ist aufgrund methodischer Probleme und einer hohen Seroprävalenz von geringem diagnostischen Wert. Die Lyme-Arthritis wird durch eine Gelenkinfektion mit Borrelia burgdorferi hervorgerufen, meistens sind große Gelenke unter Einbeziehung der Kniegelenke betroffen. Infektionsserologisch ist zur Diagnosestellung der Nachweis spezifischer IgG-Antikörper zu fordern. Aufgrund einer hohen, altersabhängigen Seroprävalenz besitzt der Antikörpernachweis jedoch nur eine geringe Spezifität und ist nur bei ausreichender Prätestprävalenz (Ausschluss anderer Ursachen) diagnostisch hilfreich.
Antinukleäre Antikörper
Authors: Jansen Verena
Published: March 2019

Bei der Diagnose und Klassifikation systemischer autoimmuner rheumatischer Erkrankungen kommt dem positiven Nachweis Antinukleärer Antikörper (ANA) große Bedeutung zu. Als methodischer Goldstandard hat sich der Indirekte Immunfluoreszenztest (IIFT) unter Verwendung der HEp2-Zelle als Substrat durchgesetzt, mit dem bei Vorliegen von ANA charakteristische Fluoreszenzmuster mikroskopisch unterschieden werden können. Um ANA-Befunde besser vergleichen zu können, wurde von einer internationalen Initiative, dem International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP), ein Standard entwickelt, mit dem die Muster beschrieben und nummeriert werden. Die Zielsetzung der ICAP-Initiative, die neue Nomenklatur, Maßnahmen der Qualitätssicherung und noch offene Fragen sollen hier vorgestellt werden.
Stabilität eines neuen Stiftsystems: Glasfaserstift mit und ohne Tophead im Vergleich
Authors: Grolig Jeanne , Rzanny Angelika , Nietzsche Sandor , Küpper Harald
Published: March 2019

Ziel der In-vitro-Studie war es, festzustellen, ob sich die Haftkräfte und Versagensmechanismen des Glasfaserstifts FiberMaster (NTI) durch Kombination mittels Tophead verändern. Als Referenz wurden 2 weitere Glasfaserstifte untersucht. Hierbei handelte es sich um den DT LIGHT- (VDW) sowie den Rebilda Post-Stift (VOCO). Getestet wurden Biegefestigkeit und Elastizitätsmodul der Stifte nach 1 Tag Lagerung in destilliertem Wasser sowie nach künstlicher Alterung. Außerdem wurde die Bruchfestigkeit und Durchbiegung der Stifte nach Insertion in einer Haltevorrichtung sowie nach adhäsiver Befestigung in extrahierten humanen Versuchszähnen untersucht. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zeigen die Querschnitte sowie Bruchflächen der frakturierten Glasfaserstifte.
Sperm Epigenetics and Its Impact on Male Fertility, Pregnancy Loss, and Somatic Health of Future Offsprings
Authors: Hotaling Jim , Ibrahim Yetunde
Published: March 2019

Sperm epigenetic programming is tailored to meet the need of this specialized cell, which include its interaction with the oocyte during fertilization and early embryo development. The unique nature of the sperm epigenome has resulted in multiple studies investigating how perturbations in epigenetics might impact male fertility and early embryo development. In addition, sperm epigenetics appear to be altered by specific environmental exposures, which could provide a link for investigating the role of these triggers in somatic health of off springs produced. This has the potential of explaining otherwise missing heritability factors seen with several diseases. While this field of investigation is new and with limited validation, it is intriguing and further studies are warranted.
Nineteenth-Century Homeopathic Materia Medica Texts Predict Source Materials Whose Physiological Actions Influence Thyroid Activity
Authors: Block Janice
Published: March 2019

Introduction The homeopathic materia medica contains hundreds of thousands of observations collected over the course of two centuries. It includes both clinical observations of potentized medicines and observations of the actions of potentized medicines on healthy subjects (provings). This current study was undertaken to determine the degree to which observations within the materia medica were associated with the physiological mechanisms for thyroid activity-inhibiting substances in their undiluted state.

Materials and Methods Four specific symptoms for iodine deficiency were selected to describe the hypothyroid state: (1) generalized aggravation by or sensitivity to cold; (2) chronic painless hoarseness; (3) goiter; (4) painless diffuse non-scarring alopecia. Symptom representation for the four selected symptoms within the homeopathic materia medica was compared for 2 halogen inhibitors, for 3 substances that influence thyroid hormone target tissues, for 6 substances known or suspected to increase thyroid-stimulating hormone or decrease thyroid hormone levels, and for 11 substances not known to inhibit thyroid activity. To avoid knowledge bias, only those compilations of materia medica whose publication dates preceded the discoveries of crucial aspects of thyroid physiology were used as source materials for investigation.

Results Homeopathic medicines derived from 11 substances with mechanisms for inhibition of thyroid activity were more likely to exhibit selected symptoms than the medicines derived from the 11 substances without known physiological mechanisms for thyroid activity inhibition. The difference between groups was analyzed via the Mann–Whitney non-parametric U test and was statistically significant to p < 0.01. After observations obtained from provings alone were removed from analysis, the difference remained significant to p < 0.01. Only the two halogen inhibitors of iodine (bromine and fluoric acid) and one of the influencers of thyroid hormone target tissue (calcium carbonate) were significantly goitrogenic.

Conclusions With respect to thyroid activity inhibition, there is a statistically significant association between observations recorded within the homeopathic materia medica and the expected physiological mechanisms for the corresponding undiluted substances.
The Effect of Antenatal Vaginal Progesterone Administration on Uterine, Umbilical, and Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Flow: A Cohort Study
Authors: Maged Ahmed M. , Shoab Amira Y. , Hussein Eman A. , Alsawaf Ahmed H. , Mahmoud Doaa S. , AbdAllah Ameer A. , Dahab Sherif , Darwish Mohamed , Ali Yahia Z. , Badran Haitham
Published: March 2019

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal progesterone (P) administration during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy on Doppler velocimetry of uterine, umbilical, and middle cerebral vessels.

Study Design A prospective cohort study conducted on 80 women at risk for preterm labor. Uterine artery, umbilical artery, and middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler indices were measured before and after 1 week of administration of 200 mg twice daily vaginal P. The primary outcome parameter was the change of MCA pulsatility index (PI) after P administration. Secondary outcomes included changes in uterine artery and umbilical artery Doppler measurement.

Results There was no significant changes of umbilical artery resistance index (RI) (0.69 ± 0.049 vs. 0.68 ± 0.041), umbilical artery PI (1.14 ± 0.118 vs. 1.11 ± 0.116), uterine artery RI (0.66 ± 0.12 vs. 0.66 ± 0.107), uterine artery PI (1.00 ± 0.26 vs. 1.016 ± 0.24), and MCA PI (1.27 ± 0.18 vs. 1.26 ± 0.23) measurements before and after 1 week of P administration, respectively.

Conclusion Administration of vaginal P has no significant effects on uterine artery, umbilical artery, and MCA Doppler indices.
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Co3Si (001) films from first principles
Authors: Pathak Rohit , Balasubramanian Balamurugan , Sellmyer D. J. , Skomski Ralph , Kashyap Arti
Published: March 2019

The creation and control of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in bulk and nanostructured magnetic materials remain a continuing challenge, and density functional theory assists the experimental research in developing new high-anisotropy magnetic materials. Co3Si, which crystallizes in the hexagonal CdMg3 structure (space group P63/mmc), is an intriguing magnetic material. For example, Co3Si nanoparticles exhibit high coercivities (17.4 kOe at 10 K and 4.3 kOe at 300 K) in spite of having an easy-plane anisotropy. Here, we used the Vienna ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP) to investigate the electronic structure and magnetic properties of bulk and thin-film Co3Si. We have also studied the thickness dependence of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Co3Si (001) thin films.
Interfacial coupling-induced distinct magnetic structure in La1/2Sr1/2CoO2.5+δ/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/ La1/2Sr1/2CoO2.5+δ heterostructure
Authors: Zhang Jine , Wang Wei , Zhang Jing , Chen Xiaobing , Han Furong , Huang Hailin , Zhang Hui , Shen Baogen , Yu Richeng , Sun Jirong
Published: March 2019

The interfacial coupling between electron correlated complex oxides opens a promising avenue for achieving new forms of magnetism that arises as a consequence of charge transfer, orbital reconstruction and symmetry-breaking. Herein we reported a distinct magnetic structure in La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) film sandwiched between La1/2Sr1/2CoO2.5+δ (LSCO) bilayer grown on (001)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates. It is found that the LSMO layer of heterostructure contains two independent components that are respectively free layer (free-LSMO) and coupled layer with LSCO (coupled-LSMO). The easy axis of the free-LSMO is in-plane, while it is out-of-plane directed for the coupled-LSMO layer. The thickness of these two parts in the LSMO layer are 4uc and 12uc respectively. This is in sharp contrast to the single LSMO layer on STO, for which the easy axis is always in film plane. Different from LSMO, the easy axis of LSCO is in-plane and is ferromagnetically coupled with LSMO. This distinct magnetic structure could be ascribed to orbital reconstruction due to symmetry-mismatch at interfaces.
The effect of particle size on the core losses of soft magnetic composites
Authors: Pošković Emir , Ferraris Luca , Franchini Fausto , Grande Marco Actis
Published: March 2019

In the field of electrical machines, the actual research activities mainly focus on improving the energetic aspects; for this reason, new magnetic materials are currently investigated and proposed, supporting the design and production of magnetic cores. The innovative aspects are related to both hard and soft magnetic materials. In the case of permanent magnets, the use of NdFeB bonded magnets represents a good solution in place of ferrites. For what concerns the soft magnetic materials, the adoption of Soft Magnetic Composites (SMCs) cores permits significant advantages compared to the laminated sheets, such as complex geometries and reduced eddy currents losses. SMC materials are ferromagnetic grains covered with an insulating layer that can be of an organic or inorganic type. The proposed study focuses on the impact of the particle size and distribution on the final material properties. The original powder was cut into three different fractions, and different combinations have been prepared, varying the fractions percentages. The magnetic and energetic properties have been evaluated in different frequency ranges, thus ranking the best combinations. The best specimens were then tested to evaluate the mechanical performances. The preliminary results are promising, but deeper analysis and tests are required to refine the selection and evaluate the improvements against the original composition taken as a reference.
Effect of addition of Co on the magnetic properties of MnSb
Authors: Dara Hanuma Kumar , Markandeyulu G.
Published: March 2019

The influence of addition of Co on the structural and magnetic properties of MnSb was investigated. The compound formed in the NiAs-type hexagonal structure. Addition of Co to MnSb causes changes in both the lattice parameters. It was observed, from magnetization measurements, that both Curie temperature and saturation magnetization decrease from those of MnSb. The spin-polarized density of states (DOS) calculations revealed that the intermetallic compound favors ferromagnetic ground state even after as much as 0.25 atom of Co per formula unit of MnSb. Charge transfer takes place from the interstitial Co-atom to minority spin band of Mn-atom resulting in an increase in the DOS compared to MnSb at the Fermi level. MnSbCo0.25 exhibits a negative magnetocaloric effect with the largest change in the entropy value, ΔSm = 2.5 J. kg-1. K-1 (for a change in magnetic field from 0 to 5 T), across the second order phase transition at 292 K. The change in the value of magnetic entropy is low around the phase transition and might be due to the small magnetic moment of Mn-atom.
Nonadiabatic quantum transition-state theory in the golden-rule limit. I. Theory and application to model systems
Authors: Thapa Manish J. , Fang Wei , Richardson Jeremy O.
Published: March 2019

We propose a new quantum transition-state theory for calculating Fermi’s golden-rule rates in complex multidimensional systems. This method is able to account for the nuclear quantum effects of delocalization, zero-point energy, and tunneling in an electron-transfer reaction. It is related to instanton theory but can be computed by path-integral sampling and is thus applicable to treat molecular reactions in solution. A constraint functional based on energy conservation is introduced which ensures that the dominant paths contributing to the reaction rate are sampled. We prove that the theory gives exact results for a system of crossed linear potentials and show numerically that it is also accurate for anharmonic systems. There is still a certain amount of freedom available in generalizing the method to multidimensional systems, and the suggestion we make here is exact in the classical limit but not rigorously size consistent in general. It is nonetheless seen to perform well for multidimensional spin-boson models, where it even gives good predictions for rates in the Marcus inverted regime.
Consistency in drift-ordered fluid equations
Authors: Gath J. , Wiesenberger M.
Published: March 2019

We address several concerns related to the derivation of drift-ordered fluid equations. Starting from a fully Galilean invariant fluid system, we show how consistent sets of perturbative drift-fluid equations in the case of an isothermal collisionless fluid can be obtained. Treating all the dynamical fields on equal footing in the singular-drift expansion, we show under what conditions a set of perturbative equations can have a non-trivial quasi-neutral limit. We give a suitable perturbative setup where we provide the full set of perturbative equations for obtaining the first-order corrected fields and show that all the constants of motion are preserved at each order. With the dynamical field variables under perturbative control, we subsequently provide a quantitative analysis by means of numerical simulations. With direct access to first-order corrections, the convergence properties are addressed for different regimes of parameter space and the validity of the first-order approximation is discussed in the three settings: cold ions, hot ions, and finite charge density.
Influence of knot complexity on glass-formation in low molecular mass ring polymer melts
Authors: Vargas-Lara Fernando , Pazmiño Betancourt Beatriz A. , Douglas Jack F.
Published: March 2019

We perform molecular dynamics simulations on a coarse-grained polymer melt to study the dynamics of glass-formation in ring polymer melts of variable knot complexity. After generating melts of non-concatenated polymeric rings having a range of minimum crossing number values, mc, we compute the coherent intermediate scattering function, the segmental α-relaxation time, fragility, and the glass transition temperature as a function of mc. Variation of knot complexity is found to have a pronounced effect on the dynamics of polymer melts since both molecular rigidity and packing are altered, primary physical factors governing glass-formation in polymeric materials.
Combining high-energy X-ray diffraction with Surface Optical Reflectance and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence for
operando
catalyst surface characterization
Authors: Pfaff S. , Zhou J. , Hejral U. , Gustafson J. , Shipilin M. , Albertin S. , Blomberg S. , Gutowski O. , Dippel A. , Lundgren E. , Zetterberg J.
Published: March 2019

We have combined three techniques, High Energy Surface X-Ray Diffraction (HESXRD), Surface Optical Reflectance, and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence in an operando study of CO oxidation over a Pd(100) catalyst. We show that these techniques provide useful new insights such as the ability to verify that the finite region being probed by techniques such as HESXRD is representative of the sample surface as a whole. The combination is also suitable to determine when changes in gas composition or surface structure and/or morphology occur and to subsequently correlate them with high temporal resolution. In the study, we confirm previous results which show that the Pd(100) surface reaches high activity before an oxide can be detected. Furthermore, we show that the single crystal catalyst surface does not behave homogeneously, which we attribute to the surface being exposed to inhomogeneous gas conditions in mass transfer limited scenarios.
Defining a new nomenclature for the structures of active and inactive kinases
Authors: Modi Vivek , Dunbrack Roland L.
Published: March 2019

Targeting protein kinases is an important strategy for intervention in cancer. Inhibitors are directed at the active conformation or a variety of inactive conformations. While attempts have been made to classify these conformations, a structurally rigorous catalog of states has not been achieved. The kinase activation loop is crucial for catalysis and begins with the conserved DFGmotif. This motif is observed in two major classes of conformations, DFGin—a set of active and inactive conformations where the Phe residue is in contact with the C-helix of the N-terminal lobe—and DFGout—an inactive form where Phe occupies the ATP site exposing the C-helix pocket. We have developed a clustering of kinase conformations based on the location of the Phe side chain (DFGin, DFGout, and DFGinter or intermediate) and the backbone dihedral angles of the sequence X-D-F, where X is the residue before the DFGmotif, and the DFG-Phe side-chain rotamer, utilizing a density-based clustering algorithm. We have identified eight distinct conformations and labeled them based on the Ramachandran regions (A, alpha; B, beta; L, left) of the XDF motif and the Phe rotamer (minus, plus, trans). Our clustering divides the DFGin group into six clusters including BLAminus, which contains active structures, and two common inactive forms, BLBplus and ABAminus. DFGout structures are predominantly in the BBAminus conformation, which is essentially required for binding type II inhibitors. The inactive conformations have specific features that make them unable to bind ATP, magnesium, and/or substrates. Our structurally intuitive nomenclature will aid in understanding the conformational dynamics of kinases and structure-based development of kinase drugs.
Growth and morphogenesis of the gastropod shell
Authors: Johnson Adam B. , Fogel Nina S. , Lambert J. David
Published: March 2019

Significance

Mollusc shells are emblematic of the morphological diversity in nature. They are important models for understanding the evolution of form; they are all variations on the same basic geometrical groundplan, their shapes can be directly related to various adaptations, and they have an exquisite fossil record. Despite these advantages, the developmental mechanisms that control shell development are unknown. We examined cell division patterns in the shell-secreting epithelium and found striking asymmetries in proliferation rate and division orientation that correlate with key aspects of shell morphogenesis in two gastropods with different shell shapes. This work provides a foundation for understanding the cellular and developmental mechanisms that generate gastropod shell form and suggest how such mechanisms might evolve to generate new morphologies.
Using a system’s equilibrium behavior to reduce its energy dissipation in nonequilibrium processes
Authors: Tafoya Sara , Large Steven J. , Liu Shixin , Bustamante Carlos , Sivak David A.
Published: March 2019

Significance

Biomolecular machines implement many vital activities in cells and must operate quickly and in functional directions, requiring energy dissipation. Recent experiments reveal that some evolved machines are quite energetically efficient, engendering interest in design principles that achieve such high efficiency. Recent theory predicts how to use equilibrium measurements (in the absence of driving) to design ways to drive a system to minimize energy dissipation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the utility of this theory for designing efficient driving processes (“protocols”) by rapidly unfolding and folding single DNA hairpins. We show that such designed protocols systematically and significantly reduce energy dissipation over large variations of driving speed and DNA hairpin friction. Similar protocols may underlie the high efficiency observed in molecular machines.
Second language speakers’ awareness of their own comprehensibility
Authors: Strachan Lauren , Kennedy Sara , Trofimovich Pavel
Published: March 2019

This study investigated whether second language (L2) speakers are aware of and can manipulate aspects of their speech contributing to comprehensibility. Forty Mandarin speakers of L2 English performed two versions of the same oral task. Before the second task, half of the speakers were asked to make their speech as easy for the interlocutor to understand as possible, while the other half received no additional prompt. Speakers self-assessed comprehensibility after each task and were interviewed about how they improved their comprehensibility. Native-speaking listeners evaluated speaker performances for five dimensions, rating speech similarly across groups and tasks. Overall, participants did not become more comprehensible from task 1 to task 2, whether prompted or not, nor did speakers’ self-assessments become more in line with raters’, indicating speakers may not be aware of their own comprehensibility. However, speakers who did demonstrate greater improvement in comprehensibility received higher ratings of flow, and speakers’ self-ratings of comprehensibility were aligned with listeners’ assessments only in the second task. When discussing comprehensibility, speakers commented more on task content than linguistic dimensions. Results highlight the roles of task repetition and self-assessment in speakers’ awareness of comprehensibility.
REGULATION OF CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY
Authors: Sabbadini Edris
Published: March 2019

Last line read B16 for SaI
IgM-PRODUCING TUMORS IN THE BALB/c MOUSE
Authors: Andersson Jan , Buxbaum Joel , Citronbaum Ronald , Douglas Steven , Forni Luciana , Melchers Fritz , Pernis Benvenuto , Stott David
Published: March 2019

Left side from top to bottom: e, d, c, b, a

Bottom from left to right: C, B, A.
Measuring the Issue Content of Supreme Court Opinions
Authors: Rice Douglas
Published: March 2019

The opinions of the US Supreme Court are central to volumes of research on law, courts, and politics. To understand these complex and often-lengthy documents, scholars frequently rely on dichotomous indicators of opinion content. While sometimes appropriate, for many research settings this simplification of opinion content systematically omits important information. Using all US Supreme Court opinions from 1803 to 2010 in association with structural topic models, I instead demonstrate the value of representing the Court’s attention in opinions in terms of topic proportions.
Integrin α6β4E variant is associated with actin and CD9 structures and modifies the biophysical properties of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions
Authors: Wang Mengdie , Hinton James P. , Gard Jaime M. C. , Garcia Joe G. N. , Knudsen Beatrice S. , Nagle Raymond B. , Cress Anne E.
Published: March 2019

Integrin α6β4 is an essential, dynamic adhesion receptor for laminin 332 found on epithelial cells, required for formation of strong cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion and induced migration, and coordinated by regions of the β4C cytoplasmic domain. β4E, a unique splice variant of β4 expressed in normal tissue, contains a cytoplasmic domain of 231 amino acids with a unique sequence of 114 amino acids instead of β4C’s canonical 1089 amino acids. We determined the distribution of α6β4E within normal human glandular epithelium and its regulation and effect on cellular biophysical properties. Canonical α6β4C expressed in all basal cells, as expected, while α6β4E expressed within a subset of luminal cells. α6β4E expression was induced by three-dimensional culture conditions, activated Src, was reversible, and was stabilized by bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor. α6β4C expressed in all cells during induced migration, whereas α6β4E was restricted to a subset of cells with increased kinetics of cell–cell and cell–ECM resistance properties. Interestingly, α6β4E presented in “ringlike” patterns measuring ∼1.75 × 0.72 microns and containing actin and CD9 at cell–ECM locations. In contrast, α6β4C expressed only within hemidesmosome-like structures containing BP180. Integrin α6β4E is an inducible adhesion isoform in normal epithelial cells that can alter biophysical properties of cell–cell and cell–ECM interactions.
Stretching magnitude–dependent inactivation of AKT by ROS led to enhanced p53 mitochondrial translocation and myoblast apoptosis
Authors: Song Jing , Wang Yaqi , Yuan Xiao , Ji Qiuxia , Fan Cunhui , Zhao Hongmei , Hao Wenjing , Ren Dapeng
Published: March 2019

Previously, we had shown that high magnitude stretch (HMS), rather than low magnitude stretch (LMS), induced significant apoptosis of skeletal muscle C2C12 myoblasts. However, the molecular mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we found that p53 protein accumulated in the nucleus of LMS-loaded cells, whereas it translocated into mitochondria of HMS-loaded cells. Knocking down endogenous p53 by shRNA abrogated HMS-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during HMS-inactivated AKT that was activated in LMS-treated cells, which accounted for the distinct p53 subcellular localizations under HMS and LMS. Blocking ROS generation by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or overexpressing constitutively active AKT vector (CA-AKT) inhibited HMS-incurred p53 mitochondrial translocation and promoted its nuclear targeting. Moreover, both NAC and CA-AKT significantly attenuated HMS-induced C2C12 apoptosis. Finally, we found that Ser389 phosphorylation of p53 was a downstream event of ROS-inactivated AKT pathway, which was critical to p53 mitochondrial trafficking during HMS stimuli. Transfecting p53-shRNA C2C12s with the mutant p53 (S389A) that was unable to target p53 to mitochondria underwent significantly lower apoptosis than transfection with wild-type p53. Altogether, our study uncovered that mitochondrial localization of p53, resulting from p53 Ser389 phosphorylation through ROS-inactivated AKT pathway, prompted C2C12 myoblast apoptosis during HMS stimulation.
SodaPop: a forward simulation suite for the evolutionary dynamics of asexual populations on protein fitness landscapes
Authors: Gauthier Louis , Di Franco Rémicia , Serohijos Adrian W R
Published: March 2019

Motivation

Protein evolution is determined by forces at multiple levels of biological organization. Random mutations have an immediate effect on the biophysical properties, structure and function of proteins. These same mutations also affect the fitness of the organism. However, the evolutionary fate of mutations, whether they succeed to fixation or are purged, also depends on population size and dynamics. There is an emerging interest, both theoretically and experimentally, to integrate these two factors in protein evolution. Although there are several tools available for simulating protein evolution, most of them focus on either the biophysical or the population-level determinants, but not both. Hence, there is a need for a publicly available computational tool to explore both the effects of protein biophysics and population dynamics on protein evolution.

Results

To address this need, we developed SodaPop, a computational suite to simulate protein evolution in the context of the population dynamics of asexual populations. SodaPop accepts as input several fitness landscapes based on protein biochemistry or other user-defined fitness functions. The user can also provide as input experimental fitness landscapes derived from deep mutational scanning approaches or theoretical landscapes derived from physical force field estimates. Here, we demonstrate the broad utility of SodaPop with different applications describing the interplay of selection for protein properties and population dynamics. SodaPop is designed such that population geneticists can explore the influence of protein biochemistry on patterns of genetic variation, and that biochemists and biophysicists can explore the role of population size and demography on protein evolution.

Availability and implementation

Source code and binaries are freely available at https://github.com/louisgt/SodaPop under the GNU GPLv3 license. The software is implemented in C++ and supported on Linux, Mac OS/X and Windows.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.