bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un instrumento de gestión para evaluar la Cultura de Seguridad en el trabajo
Authors: Rojas Castro José Luis , Tinoco Ángeles Félix
Published: February 2020

The safety culture that prevails within an organization and the way in which the latter addresses and manages safety problems has a significant influence on the safety-related behavior of people in the workplace. For that reason, it is essential that every organization is able to identify and objectively evaluate the factors that influence safety culture.

This research paper seeks to identify the factors that affect safety culture and establish a qualitative rating scale for each. Consequently, the appropriate knowledge of each of these factors suggests more objective, accurate and effective safety actions. The review of prior objective European research led to the development of a proprietary methodology in order to design a tool that is applicable to the local environment that currently lacks one. The end result achieved was a questionnaire addressed to the workforce, which evaluated 32 out of 43 identified indicators that have a potential impact on safety culture, including the description of five levels of development for each indicator. Finally, the design of the tool to assess safety culture was validated and the incidence of four factors in safety culture was confirmed: leadership in safety, effective communication, participation of personnel in the construction of safety and existence of a continuous learning culture, which were associated with 24 indicators.
Gestión de los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos de la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador: una perspectiva desde la conservación
Authors: Astudillo-Sánchez Evelyng , Pérez Flor Jame , Medina Gilmer , Medina Ana
Published: February 2020

Los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos son reconocidos por su importancia biológica y económica al poseer un alto número de especies endémicas y proveer diversos servicios ecosistémicos. No obstante, la carencia de una planificación para la conservación de la biodiversidad amenaza la gestión ambiental integral en las áreas protegidas de la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador. Por ello, se realizó un diagnóstico en el que se identificaron los objetos de conservación para fortalecer la capacidad de manejo ambiental local. Asimismo, se emplearon las metodologías de Planificación para la Conservación de Áreas (PCA) y Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades y Amenazas (FODA) para conocer las prioridades de conservación y las limitaciones en el manejo de los recursos. En el diagnóstico se evidenciaron falencias técnico-administrativas, debido a ello se buscó un enfoque eficiente en la gestión ambiental. Además, se destacaron el bosque de garúa como objeto natural y el cabildo como objeto cultural para conservar. La gobernanza ambiental participativa debe ser fortalecida para mejorar la gestión de las áreas protegidas.
Importancia del peso de la oveja al parto en el comportamiento predestete de corderos Pelibuey
Authors: Hinojosa-Cuéllar José Alfonso , Oliva-Hernández Jorge , Segura-Correa José Candelario , Torres-Hernández Glafiro
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del peso al parto de la oveja Pelibuey sobre características de crecimiento predestete de sus corderos en condiciones de clima cálido y húmedo. El estudio fue de tipo retrospectivo y se realizó con información productiva de dos fincas ovinas. Se analizaron 242 observaciones de corderos en la finca 1 y 66 en la finca 2 de los pesos al nacer, ganancia de peso predestete y peso de destete ajustado a 61 días. La información se obtuvo de 147 ovejas en la finca 1 y 42 en la finca 2. El modelo estadístico incluyó, en ambas fincas, los efectos fijos de peso de la oveja al parto (por abajo y por encima del promedio), número de parto (primíparas, multíparas), sexo del cordero (hembra y macho) y tipo de nacimiento (simple y múltiple). El peso al parto y el tipo de nacimiento afectaron (p<0.05) todas las variables dependientes en ambas fincas. El sexo del cordero (p<0.05) influyó sobre el peso de destete en la finca 1. El número de parto afectó el peso al nacer y de destete en la finca 1 (p<0.01) y peso al nacer en la finca 2 (p<0.05). En conclusión, el peso al parto afectó el comportamiento predestete de los corderos en ambas fincas. Los corderos de ovejas con un peso al parto por encima del promedio fueron más pesados al nacimiento y al destete que los corderos de ovejas con un peso al parto por debajo del promedio, y se confirma que los corderos machos, únicos y provenientes de ovejas multíparas tienen mejor comportamiento predestete con respecto a corderos hembras, múltiples y los de ovejas primíparas, respectivamente.
СТРУКТУРНІ ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗВИТКУ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН: ІСТОРИЧНИЙ ВИМІР
Authors: ГОРДІЦА Кароліна , СЛИВКА Тетяна
Published: February 2020

Проаналізовано еволюцію господарської структури України в контексті розвитку міжнародних економічних відносин. Мета статті – виявити особливості взаємовпливу та взаємообумовленості зовнішньоекономічної діяльності й структурних змін в економіці на різних етапах історичного розвитку України, простежуючи виникнення об’єктивних передумов сучасних структурних змін у контексті розвитку світового ринку. Узагальнено вітчизняний досвід проведення структурних реформ у ХІХ––ХХ ст., показано вплив цих реформ та історично обумовлених структурних змін в українському господарстві на ступінь і характер участі України в міжнародному поділі праці, визначено вплив світових тенденцій та викликів економічного розвитку на реструктуризацію української економіки.Виявлено, що експортна орієнтованість розвитку господарства у 1880––1890 рр. забезпечила швидке поповнення валютних коштів держави, проте в перспективі закріпила структурні диспропорції в економіці та її залежність від іноземних машинобудівних фірм. Індустріалізація 1930-х років сприяла збалансуванню галузевої структури господарства та зниженню його імпортозалежності, проте не змінила аграрно-сировинної спеціалізації українського експорту і не створила основ самодостатньої національної економіки, посиливши її залежність від загальносоюзних структур. Займаючи значне місце в союзному поділі праці, Україна у період 1950––1980 рр. експортувала до країн –– учасниць РЕВ переважно продукцію сировинних галузей: аграрної, залізорудної, металургійної, вугільної. Сучасна структура економіки України залишається низькотехнологічною та диспропорційною з ознаками деіндустріалізації, що свідчить про її напівколоніальний характер.Обґрунтовано висновок, що структурні перетворення, здійснювані за рахунок експорту продукції сировинного характеру та неглибокої технологічної обробки, призводять до виснаження ресурсної бази економіки, не наповнюючи внутрішній ринок, консервуючи хронічну відсталість національного виробництва і відсутність реального економічного суверенітету.
MERCHANTRY VS NOBILITY: KHARKIV ELITE IN THE SECOND HALF OF XIX – THE EARLY XX CENTURY
Authors: Bozhenko Anastasiya
Published: February 2020

The article attempts to trace the effect of the Pareto elite circulation law on the example of the Kharkiv city elite in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The author investigates the involvement of the nobility and the merchants in the management of the city. According to the author's hypothesis, a significant transformation of the local elite took place in the cities of the Russian Empire, in particular in Kharkiv. Author notes that, unlike the previous period, the power of the merchant-top ceased to be a monopoly, there were groups of nobles and intellectuals, which created their confrontation, which in turn facilitated the exercise of mutual control. In the area of ​​economic capital, merchants had an undisputed priority, they were an inherently more open social layer, and therefore easier to perceive innovation, which was one of the reasons that this condition united the core of the entrepreneurial class. An indicative change was the merchants' marriage strategies: if in the pre-reform period it was vital for them to obtain the title and corresponding status in society using kinship with nobles, then in the second half of the nineteenth century. The economic condition of the future family member comes to the fore. At the same time, the nobility was filling the ranks of the intelligentsia, occupying a prominent position in the cultural field, while the merchants, not being able to grasp this capital fully, remained an unprivileged layer in the social consciousness. The image of the illiterate, selfish, greedy merchant still lived in nonfiction and humorous press. However, there was an attempt by merchants to enter the cultural space of the nobility, following the norms of its everyday culture. Summarizing, the author notes that during the modernization of Kharkiv as a provincial industrial city, it became the main driver of the economic development of the province, which, in turn, reflected in a significant increase in the political and economic status of merchants as the top of the city social ladder. The gentry, which gradually settled in the cities, failed to adapt to the new conditions, and thus lost its status as a political and economic elite, at least in Kharkiv, which remained a merchant city mostly.
URBAN SPACE, DECOMMUNISATION AND THE PROBLEMS OF HISTORICAL MEMORY
Authors: Vodotyka Serhiy , Savenok Liudmyla
Published: February 2020

The co-authors analyze the change of the urban toponymic space in Kherson in the process of decommunization as a reflection of the specific multilayered local historical memory of Kherson. The authors emphasize the formation of local historical memory of the residents of the city through the prism of its historical specificity.The authors claim that in its first 20 years of existence Kherson was not only the centre of naval shipbuilding in the south of the Russian Empire but also served as a showcase for Novorossiya, which the empire sought to create on the conquered lands of southern Ukraine after the liquidation of Zaporizka Sich. It was during this period that the imperial layer of the historical memory of a large part of the Khersonians formed. In Soviet times it was supplemented by Soviet-Russian trends. The process of decommunization should create the conditions for the approval of national Ukrainian historical memory, which should involve local state bodies, public structures, specialist historians, local historians, social psychologists and all those who are indifferent to the fate of Ukraine. It is about the development and skilled implementation of patriotic historical policy, the main directions of which include the introduction of a cycle of historical holidays for significant dates and heroes, refusal to glorify historical defeats and ambiguous political figures, increase the material security of museums and libraries, establish the protection of museums and libraries, such as preparation of popular science publications, educational projects, etc. Besides, the main lever in the hands of the state is educational policy, training and retraining of history teachers, as well as a fundamental increase in the professional level of provincial scholars. The authors emphasize that the formation of national historical memory is perhaps not the essential component of revolutionary change in Ukraine since the Ukrainian nation remains vulnerable to the information war of the northern neighbour (and not only) without adequate historical memory requirements. Moreover, without national historical memory, it is difficult or impossible to modernize Ukraine and provide it with a glorious future.
La organización social en el Catatumbo: formas de lucha desde la base
Authors: García Porras Marcela
Published: February 2020

Diagnosticar los conflictos es una estrategia del Enfoque de Transformación de Conflictos para construir la paz. Al aplicarse a las formas organizativas de la Junta de Acción Comunal en el Catatumbo se desenmascaran algunos de los problemas estructurales en la disputa por el territorio. El campesinado catatumbero es un actor clave en la lucha de defensa por la vida en Colombia, y es labor del trabajador social unirse y comprender las dinámicas comunitarias para afinar la perspectiva crítica de la realidad y quebrantar la burbuja académica que separa la universidad de la comunidad y la cotidianidad en el campo colombiano.
The second masking
Authors: Mwamba Corey
Published: February 2020

This article is a condensed summary of the author’s primary research. Using music, prose, and free verse, I seek to highlight the issues that work revealed within jazz and improvised music studies, and studies into vibraphone practice; briefly show the practical-philosophical roots of my methodology in the research; and present the practice-led roots of my current philosophy of the vibraphone.
Islay Jazz Festival
Authors: Medbøe Haftor , Maclean Diane
Published: February 2020

This article considers the ecologies and stakeholder interests that overlap in the staging of an annual jazz festival on a small Scottish island in the Outer Hebrides. Through interviews with festival promoters, performers and audience members, alongside insights from island residents, we interrogate the special circumstances governing the presentation of a festival of ostensibly urban music in a rural island location. Constructions of identity and myth are observed to permeate narratives around both festival and island, often symbiotically intertwined to mutual benefit. Nonetheless, tensions between incomer and visitor, the rural and the urban, ‘high’ and ‘low’ arts, nostalgia and progress are seen to emerge. In the discussion of the complexities involved in the import of a jazz festival to an island steeped in its own history, and internationally recognized for its manufacture and export of distinctive Scotch whisky, this article seeks to explore universal themes of identity construction through a finite study of a distinctly situated cultural festival.
Competency- Based Curriculum for Post- graduation in Community Medicine at a Medical College located in western India
Authors: Misra Shobha , Mazumdar Vihang
Published: February 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Curriculum or course needs to be monitored and evaluated to ensure that it is working as planned and also to identify areas for improvement. Implementing competency-based training in postgraduate medical education poses many challenges, but ultimately requires a demonstration that the learner is truly competent to progress in training or to the next phase of a professional career. Purpose: The purpose of this document was to design a competency-based curriculum in Community Medicine teaching and training of post graduates so that they could efficiently play their roles as Community Physician, Public Health Specialist, Health Manager, Faculty, Researcher and Occupational Physician. Methods: A needs assessment study using cross-sectional design reinforced a strong need of developing a common & structured curriculum in Community Medicine at the department studied and later to be scaled at state level. A Six-Step Approach to Curriculum Development was followed (Kern et al., 2009) to design and implement the competency based curriculum. Results: Relevant feedback from teachers and students has been incorporated to prepare this document. Almost all students and faculty strongly agreed for the need of introducing formative assessment. They strongly perceived that a formative assessment would be helpful to motivate students and should have weight- age in university exams. It is learnt that there are challenges involved in operationalzing competency-based curriculum viz; requires more time and effort from faculty, at least in the initial phases of development. Other challenges include; finding ways to include internal assessment marks in the university examination. Conclusions: Competency based curriculum is feasible within a conventional medical curriculum. Benefits of such learning include improving knowledge and skills of learner that would lead to improved quality of health care.
Corrupción en la democracia española. Una aproximación desde los aspectos criminales y políticos
Authors: Pulido Gragera Julia , Sansó-Rubert Doctor Daniel
Published: February 2020

La corrupción es uno de los fenómenos criminales que más preocupan a las sociedades contemporáneas. Este artículo analiza los vínculos entre los procesos de corrupción y el crimen organizado en España, abordando los mecanismos de infiltración e intercambio de redes criminales en las instituciones públicas. Con este fin, el concepto de corrupción y crimen organizado se explicará desde una doble perspectiva política y criminológica, así como el impacto en los procesos de toma de decisiones y la percepción social de estos temas.
Sin lugar para la contrainteligencia militar en Argentina: análisis jurídico de un posible vacío legal
Authors: Tripolone Gerardo
Published: February 2020

La legislación argentina establece cuatro actividades para el Sistema de Inteligencia Nacional: inteligencia nacional, contrainteligencia, inteligencia criminal e inteligencia estratégico militar. La Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Estratégico Militar (DINIEM), dependiente del Ministerio de Defensa, es la encargada de realizar la última tarea nombrada, mientras que la ley coloca a cargo de la Agencia Federal de Inteligencia la producción de contrainteligencia. El objetivo de este artículo es abordar un problema jurídico que no ha sido tratado por la literatura especializada: la falta de regulación precisa de la contrainteligencia militar, actividad que no encuentra un lugar claro en la legislación. Mediante decretos del Poder Ejecutivo, la tarea es llevada adelante por la DINIEM, al menos parcialmente, lo cual tensiona la legislación de defensa nacional, que veda el involucramiento de las Fuerzas Armadas en asuntos internos del Estado, en especial en tareas de inteligencia. La metodología empleada es la propia de la ciencia jurídica, pero atendiendo al contexto histórico-político de la normativa que se analiza. Se concluye que la legislación nacional ha habilitado un margen de discrecionalidad en el Poder Ejecutivo, que permite asignar la función de contrainteligencia militar a más de un organismo, con todos los problemas que esto genera.

Abstract

The legislation of Argentina establishes four activities for the National Intelligence System: national intelligence, counterintelligence, criminal intelligence and, at least, military-strategic intelligence. The Direction on National Military-Strategic Intelligence (DINIEM), under the Ministry of Defense, produces the military-strategic intelligence, while the Federal Intelligence Agency produces counterintelligence. The aim of this paper is to study a legal problem that has not been addressed in literature: the lack of regulation on military counterintelligence, which has no place in the national legislation. The executive branch has decided that the DINIEM carries out at least part of the military counterintelligence activities. This decision enables a military office to carry out an intelligence task inside the State, something that stresses the legal limits of the operations of Armed Forces. The methodology of legal science is used to analyze the problem, but taking into account the historical and political context of the legislation. It is concluded that the legislation allows the executive branch to decide discretionally about the appointed office to develop military counterintelligence.
CODEX Antibody Staining Protocol for FFPE tissues v1
Authors: Jorgensen Marda , Nick Jerelyn
Published: February 2020

This protocol describes the method for antibody staining of FFPE tissues on coverslips using CODEX Barcoded Antibodies. Included are the stepwise protocols for pre-staining, deparaffinization, antigen retrival, antibody staining and post-fixation. The enitre process requires approximately 6.5 hours, including a 3 hour incubation. Except as noted, reagents and consumables should be prepared before being the protocol. Stained tissues can be stored in CODEX Storage Buffer at 4º C for up to 2 weeks for use in CODEX multiplex imaging.
Slice Preparation and Blockface Imaging for Electrophysiology - Mouse v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: February 2020

This protocol describes the procedure for transcardial perfusion of an adult mouse, followed by dissection, embedding, slicing, and blockface imaging of the mouse brain using either a Leica vibratome or a compresstome. The output tissue is suitable for use in electrophysiological recordings and/or live cell filling applications.
PCR Prep from cDNA for IVT Reactions v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: February 2020

This protocol describes PCR1 and PCR2 reactions beginning with cDNA to generate transcript templates ready for IVT reaction. This protocol is written for 192 (2x96) reactions but can also be used for fewer or more reactions by adjusting the amount of materials and equipment appropriately.
Pulling Pipettes using the DMZ-Zeitz Universal v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: February 2020

Protocol is used for the manufacture of glass pipettes for patch clamp electrophysiology using the DMZ-Zeitz Universal puller.
Mouse Whole Cell Tissue Processing for 10x Genomics Platform v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: February 2020

This protocol describes how to isolate tissue from various ROI’s of the mouse brain followed by preparation of a highly concentrated single cell suspension for transcriptomic profiling on 10x Genomics platform.
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid III (ACSF.III) v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: February 2020

Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid III (ACSF.III) is used for applications including tissue bath solution during electrophysiological recording.
Specific Features of Harmonic Conditions at the Node Connecting a Pulp-And-Paper Mill to a Supply Network
Authors: Kovernikova Lidiia I. , Luong Van Chung , Ngo Van Cuong
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the results of the analysis on measured parameters of harmonics at the node of the high-voltage network. The measurements were made at the node connecting the pulp-and-paper mill to the 220 kV supply network. This load is nonlinear and has a large capacity. Particular attention is paid to the distributions of the current and voltage harmonics. The paper clearly shows probabilistic properties of the measured parameters of harmonics
Book review: Ill Winds Saving Democracy from Russian Rage, Chinese Ambition, and American Complacency By Larry Diamond
Authors: Tepe Sultan
Published: February 2020

Please see the attached review.
The Role of a Cryptocurrency in the System of Objects of Civil Law Rights
Authors: Yegorova M. A. , Kozhevina O. V.
Published: February 2020

The article gives a brief analysis of the place of a cryptocurrency in the system of objects of civil law rights. According to the results of the study, the authors conclude that it is incorrect to equate legal regimes of the cryptocurrency with the legal regime of virtual objects. The authors consider it promising to regulate legal features of the distributed ledger and register objects of civil law rights in the distributed ledger. A cryptocurrency is a means of payment that has no independent value. Thus, the mechanism of performance of obligations needs special elaboration.

It is also noted that in the legal regulation of any social relations an essential role is assigned to the mechanisms and guarantees of restoration of violated rights and legitimate interests. To this end, the cryptocurrency regulation is inextricably linked with the institution of civil liability. The cryptocurrency combines the features of many civil law rights, but does not fully correspond to any of them. The assignment of the cryptocurrency to other property is possible within the framework of the current legislation without creating new objects of civil law rights, which can lead to conflicts and disputes concerning their legal regime.
Inflammatory response and its role in antenatal transformation of the cervix
Authors: Prokhorova Olga V. , Olina Anna A.
Published: February 2020

Understanding how the cervical tissue changes before childbirth is one of the most significant issues of modern-day obstetrics. This article reviews current original research findings by domestic and foreign authors in the field of antenatal cervical transformation mechanisms. Cellular and humoral components of inflammation in the cervix are presented as the most significant causes of morphological changes in cervical tissues. The perspectives of further research in the field have been stated in this review.
Use of androgens and aromatase inhibitors in poor responders undergoing in vitro fertilization
Authors: Merkulova Alexandra I. , Dzhemlikhanova Lyailya Kh. , Niauri Dariko A. , Gzgzyan Alexander M. , Kogan Igor Yu. , Krikheli Inna O. , Tapilskaya Natalya I. , Mekina Irina D. , Lesik Elena A. , Komarova Evgenia M.
Published: February 2020

Hypothesis/aims of study. Poor ovarian response is still considered one of the most challenging tasks in reproductive medicine. Poor responders have decreased circulating androgens during spontaneous cycles. Androgens are known to play an important role in follicular growth and development. Hence, the use of various androgens and androgen inhibitors in poor responders undergoing ovarian stimulation for IVF has been proposed to improve efficacy of treatment. This study was aimed to examine the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors and androgens in infertility treatment in patients with poor response.
Study design, materials and methods. This prospective cohort-controlled clinical trial included 204 patients under 42 years of age with infertility and poor response to ovarian stimulation. In vitro fertilization treatment with an antagonist FSH/hMG protocol with letrozole (5 mg/day) was administered in the first group of patients (n = 26) during the first 5 days of stimulation. Patients of the second group (n = 38) were applied testosterone (25 mg/day) transdermally, starting from the 5th day of the menstrual cycle preceding controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization. The third group of patients (n = 18) was administered dehydroepiandrosterone (100 mg/day) for 3 months prior to controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization.
Results. Improved response to FSH stimulation with letrozole co-treatment was evidenced, with parameters of stimulation efficacy and embryo development being better in the testosterone group. No significant improvement in ovarian response markers, ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation and in vitro fertilization outcomes were found in poor responders receiving pre-treatment dehydroepiandrosterone.
Conclusion. Further studies are necessary to improve approaches of testosterone and aromatase inhibitors use in poor responders undergoing in vitro fertilization.
Historical time in a film structure
Authors: Marievskaya Natalia Evgen'evna
Published: February 2020

Time is the main expressive means of the cinema. Any film is a dynamic spiritual form of time. No film is free from historical time. Article under consideration covers study of different forms that historical time takes within the cinema work as the artistic whole. Analysis has been carried out on association of historical time with lyrical time of character and mythological time of film. The problem of "historical film" and historical stylization has been put forward.
Between ideology and literature: the discussion of screenplays in the USSR in the 1930s
Authors: Goncharenko Alexander A.
Published: February 2020

The essay deals with the gradual cessation of discussions of the theory of the iron (rigid) screenplay (championed by Vladimir Sutyrin and Mikhail Bleiman) and the theory of the emotional screenplay (developed by Sergei Eisenstein and Aleksandr Rzheshevsky) As these two theories were discussed by very different personalities, their institutional or group identification is complicated. In the second half of the 1930s, Boris Shumyatsky and Bella Kravchenko developed the concept of the ideological screenplay. The main apologist of the ideological screenplay theory was Valentin Turkin. He expounded it in the book The Dramaturgy of Cinema in 1938. The same historical period saw the development of the practice of publishing scripts in and periodicals and as books, as well as the phenomenon of recording screenplays from films.
Turkin stood on a radical literature-centric position: "The film can be better or worse than the screenplay, but there is a screenplay next to it with which it can be compared. ... With this screenplay, you can make a picture again and again. Finally, it can be printed, brought to the attention of the viewer, give the viewer the opportunity to compare the film with the screenplay, and read the screenplay without watching a movie .... The screenplay can and must be always a verifying artistic document". If the screenplay expressed the ideology of the film, then it was not only an independent but also a more important work than the film itself.
The screenplays specificity developed in three stages: 1) the prevalence of the iron screenplay in the 1920s; 2) the fashion for the emotional screenplay and the beginning of the publication of screenplays in periodicals and in book form; 3) the formation of the concept of the ideological screenplay. In the Soviet culture of the 1930s, literature was considered as the primary source of ideas. Other arts played the role of copies, dramatizations, interpretations, etc. Moreover, in a number of statements, although it appears to be the goal of screenwriting, the film already exists as something that a screenwriter can write down with a certain degree of precision and excitement. The research of the genesis of the ideological screenplay conducted for this essay has been based on rare periodicals and the archive of the All-Russian Society of Playwrights and Composers (Vseroscomdram). Numerous examples cited in the essay demonstrate the features of literature-centric thinking. And such materials as articles published in periodicals and lively discussions provide well-known patterns with vivid details.
Nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya «Rossiyskiy kinobiznes: sovremennost' i perspektivy» k 90-letiyu VGIK i 100-letiyu professora B.N.Konopleva Rossiyskiy kinobiznes: sovremennost' i perspektivy
Authors: Urazova Svetlana L.
Published: February 2020

Исследования посвящены изучению стратегий развития российского кинобизнеса традиционных и инновационных форм представленных в отечественной киноиндустрии
Russian documentary at the turn of the 21st century
Authors: Prozhiko Galina S.
Published: February 2020

The essay analyzes creative problems of the screen language of Russian documentaries at the turn of the 21st century in the context of the changed system of film production and promotion, as well as the changed paradigm of relations between the author and the hero and the evolution of the expressive methods of the documentary film which took place in that period. The essay reflects on the problems of the development of Russian documentaries at a crucial time when the issues of the survival of the documentary, so acute in the 1990s, have been overcome and are now bringing to the fore creative searches exploring essential contemporary phenomena. The author sees these innovations in the new concept of the documentary hero and in the formation of other authorial tasks and techniques aimed at capturing the uniqueness of the philosophy of human existence in the circumstances of a new social and psychological reality. Analysis of such films as Passengers of the Last Century, Solzhenitsyn. Life Is Not a Lie, Starling, David, Sorry for Living, Just Life, Live and Rejoice and others reveals the problems of the homo historicus, the relationship between the author and the hero, the new interrelationship between the ethical and the aesthetic, and the specifics of a human beings self-realization in a dialogue with the author. At the same time, the essay emphasizes the continuity of the creative searches by documentary filmmakers of different generations in mastering the "human material" of the new reality.
Sound in the films of Michael Haneke from the perspective of phenomenological aesthetics
Authors: Mikheeva Julia V.
Published: February 2020

The philosophical and aesthetic ideas of phenomenology have been present in cinema theory since the silent period. Methods of phenomenological theory can be found in the analysis of the visual aspects of films or the artistic style of their authors. The essay analyses signs of phenomenological thinking in the audiovisual aspects of films - a little studied but significant area of directorial aesthetics. Its theoretical and methodological foundation includes the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl and elements of phenomenological aesthetics in the works of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Roman Ingarden. Taking the work of a significant representative of auteur cinema, the Austrian director Michael Haneke, the author explores cinematic variations of the concept of phenomenological reduction, the method of perfectly clear apprehension of the essence and the layered semantic structure of the film. Conclusions are drawn about the presence of typological signs of phenomenological thinking in the work of other filmmakers, such as Robert Bresson and Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne. Visually, this presence is expressed in the tendency towards asceticism and documentarism in the choice of artistic devices; towards the disclosure of cinematic phenomena (facts); and aurally, in the tendency to minimize off-screen music and get rid of the expressiveness in the actor's speech, towards greater semantic significance of intra-frame music, individual sounds, pauses and non-sounds.
The story of one crime: in life, in literature and in cinema
Authors: Zvegintseva Irina A.
Published: February 2020

Today, the name of the New Zealand filmmaker Peter Jackson is known throughout the world. His films The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit received many awards, were a major commercial success and conquered millions of viewers' hearts, including the admirers of J. R. R. Tolkien, who followed the screen adventures of their favorite literary characters with bated breath. However, connoisseurs of cinema had closely followed the work of Jackson for many years before the films' release, for his early films above all, Heavenly Creatures, based on a monstrous real crime impressed by the complexity of chosen topics and the outstanding directorial skills.
This essay analyzes Heavenly Creatures, exploring the reality of a terrible murder in a sleepy, little New Zealand town the murder which was largely disclosed through explicit entries in the diary of one of the criminals; and which became the basis for the film's plot. In no way justifying the criminals, Jackson, however, makes it clear that the incident was also the fault of the adults who did not see and did not want to see the difficult situation of their daughters. To ban, to punish such educational measures largely anticipated the tragic ending: harmless fantasies turned into a tragedy. The action of the film could take place in any town, and not only in New Zealand. The film's warning - don't be indifferent to your children was understood by all viewers, regardless of their country.
The essay looks at how the film was made by an artist who knew how to combine and make this combination credible art house and commercial cinema, surrealism (and other aesthetics of shock) and hard realism.
100th anniversary of the acting faculty of VGIK
Authors: Marusenkov V. V.
Published: February 2020

100th anniversary of the acting faculty of VGIK
The profession of an artist-animator, or how to learn how to control the movement of a drawing
Authors: Belonogova A. V.
Published: February 2020

The profession of an artist-animator, or how to learn how to control the movement of a drawing
Self-media as a model for monetization of knowledge code
Authors: Urazova Svetlana L.
Published: February 2020

The accelerated development, convergence and integration of information and communication technologies open up great opportunities for social actors to express themselves, motivating amateur artists to produce media products. The essay discusses the principles of the functioning of "self-media", a new type of media model in individual entrepreneurship which is developing in China and analyzes its advantages and disadvantages in the testing of innovative business models.
The essay explores the problem of the importance of screen communications for civilizational development and their possible influence on the processes of collective cognition, mentality and behavior patterns of social actors, groups, communities and cultures. Screen communications demonstrate the inextricability of the linking of the media and social systems which undergo fluctuations (unstable fluctuations) in digital time at the stage of digital reforming. The author notes that this development of a social system is most often built not on collectively-consolidated but on individualized solutions resorted to by people forced to rely on their own choices in difficult situations, on their intuition and imagination.
Social actors master digital technologies and create various kinds of projects that encourage the masses to acquire new knowledge. The self-media project began to be implemented in China in 2010-2013 on the basis of the new WeChat platform, both a social network and a messaging application. In a convergent-integration form, a functional of differing target technology platforms was implemented, providing typological signs of self-media. This attracted a large number of consumers to media projects.
Self-media are based on the idea of learning new things - in other words, a knowledge code (a set of signs / symbols and a system of certain rules that define a process of cognition) which is implemented by the creators. Initially, it is presented in the form of informative and historical texts, illustrations and videos dedicated to art, a chosen topic complemented by the attributes of material symbolic things and various kinds of organizational services. Materially embodied ideas motivate the media consumer to replenish knowledge of the unknown.
The Mystery of Lexical Coincidences in the Works of Yuri Tynianov and Osip Mandelstam
Authors: Milydon Valery
Published: February 2020

The essay explores lexical coincidences in the works of Yuri Tynianov and Osip Mandelshtam coincidences which appeared in different time periods, independently of each other.In the second half of the 1920s, Tynianov wrote the novel Death of the Vazir-Mukhtar which, while dealing with events of the 1820s, anticipated the soon-tobe disappearance of free artistic speech.Ten years later, Tynianov's anticipation became a reality reflected in Mandelstam's poem Lamarck. Freedom of creative activity did not disappear completely but became, in many respects, a thing of the past. Even if the hope for the return of free expression still existed, no one imagined when this event would take place. Loyalty to the regime and assentation were the signs of the times. Studies of Soviet artistic life in that period reveal the extreme degree of the unnatural selection aimed at creating unwavering servants of the regime. One of such servants wrote: In today's situation, genius and villainy are two compatible things: the killing of a Mozart may assist history.Such assistance to history became a Soviet norm and, according to independent Russian migr observers, led to a situation in which Soviet literature lost the position within world literature obtained by the Russian classical literature of the 19th century and acquired unmistakably provincial traits. As Shigalev declared in Dostoyevsky's Demons, All are slaves and equal in their slavery.Analogous processes were taking place in cinema, where pro-regime servilism due to cinema's ability to influence the audience more rapidly and more powerfully than literature acquired its most dangerous form. This was fully understood by the Bolshevik regime which held cinema in high regard. Creating art? No, doing what you were told to do, this was how Soviet filmmaker Leonid Trauberg later described those times.
The Existential World of Kira Muratova
Authors: Kirillova Natalya
Published: February 2020

2019 is the year of the 85th anniversary of Kira Muratova (19342018), a filmmaker whose work occupies a special place in world cinema. Women with a particular psychoanalytic bent are rarely found among film directors for this reason, Muratovas twenty films, mostly known to a narrow circle of experts, are especially interesting as a research subject. Made during the Soviet and post-Soviet years, they have not become cinematographic annals of the age, playing quite a different role. Muratovas works are art films which interpret reality by creating a unique existential world. As an artist, Muratova was always interested in the human beings inner world, their individual selves: this established an affinity between her work and existential philosophy.
The discussed topic is relevant to the present situation in which screen culture is becoming more and more mass-oriented, when cinema and TV films are turning into pure entertainment, into amusement rides. In this situation, Kira Muratovas works, which analyze spiritual dimensions and inner worlds of individuals, acquire particular importance, helping us to face the challenges of contemporary world.
The existential world of Muratovas works is formed by individuals relationships with society and the world; her films strive to grasp the meaning of life and the goal of existence, the opposition between life and death. Muratovas creative universe is unique in her desire to center her psychological explorations on female protagonists, womens destiny, their inner loneliness, lack of communication and spiritual discord.
In the year of Kira Muratovas anniversary, the relevance of her oeuvre is beyond doubt. Her films demonstrate that human beings, their existence and their moral world form the highest values of cinema.
CILECT as the Project of a World Film School: Origins, Specifics, Development
Authors: Malyshev Vladimir
Published: February 2020

The continuing introduction of digital technologies into the production of meaningful and engaging audiovisual images accentuates the necessity of international cooperation in the sphere of the professional education of those young people who are planning to work in film, television and other screen arts. All over the world film schools are challenged by problems the solution of which requires consolidated participation of worldfamous masters. This has been recently confirmed at the Congress of the International Association of Film and Television Schools (CILECT) Congress held in October 2019 in Moscow in connection with the 100th anniversary of the All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography (VGIK). This essay analyzesVGIK's contribution to the process of perfecting programs in the field of screen arts at different stages of their development.
The essay explores issues of CILECT development since its foundation in 1954. Initially, CILECT was supported by nations with developed film cultures, such as Brazil, Chile, Czechoslovakia, France, Italy, Poland, the Soviet Union, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Today, the Association unites 180 film schools from 65 nations. The essay analyzes VGIK's role in the development of film education and, more generally, the development of screen arts; and emphasizes the importance of international cooperation in this technological, digital age.
Vliyanie kul'tury Drevnego Kitaya na sovremennyy kinematograf
Authors: Shaturnaya Yulia Ivanovna
Published: February 2020

This paper discusses aspects of the integration of philosophy dumb drain China's modern cinema culture.
Features of the traditional philosophical thinking, in which the idea of the harmonious man and nature and the desire for spiritual puriication of man has become relevant to the modern worldview
Scenic birth of “Waiting for Godot” by Samuel Beckett
Authors: Anishchenko Marina Gennadievna
Published: February 2020

The phenomenon of the genesis of the new drama and new theatrical direction in France of the 1950s is investigated in the article. Also is given the characteristic of the first “ Waiting for Godot” set staged by Roger Blin. The new scenic admission, presenting innovative character of Beckett’s play is commented on in the text.
Artistic Thinking as a Characteristic Property of Creative Intellect
Authors: Andreyev Andrey Leonidovich
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of cognitive processes in art. Professor Andreyev surveys different approaches to the problem dwelling on the theory of visual thinking popular in Cultural Studies and Aesthetics and investigates conceptual alternatives to this theory. Based on psychological data, the author offers a new approach to the problem: treating thinking as a process of the change of mental codes he extends this assumption to cognitive processes in art. It is for the first time in Aesthetics and Art Theory that different levels and aspects of visual thinking are separated and their relationships are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the inadequately researched and underestimated notion of the artistic idea, its various aspects and functions in artistic practice are explored.
Air Pollution around Schools and Poorer Student Health and Academic Performance: A Case of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan Nusrat
Published: February 2020

Dhaka is one of the most vulnerable cities of the world to the adverse effects of air pollution and variables. Children of Dhaka are the most affected group of people to any crucial change in any climatic change, i.e., air pollution. Exposing children to any environmental pollutants during the times of their growth can lead to long-lasting health problems, dysfunction, and disease. The location of the schools can increase their exposure. In such, a survey has been conducted on the extent of air pollution from industrial sources around different schools in Dhaka to find out whether air pollution threatens children’s health and academic success. We found that schools in the highest air polluted areas had the poorer attendance rate — indicates poor health—and the highest proportions of students who are not performing up to their potential in educational testing standards. However, Dhaka and some other cities do not require officials considering a site for a new school to analyze its air quality. The survey result shows that such requirements are needed. For schools already in existence, we recommend that their environmental quality should be examined and improved to save our future generation.