bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Reinforcement Learning Approach for Scheduling Problems with Improved Generalization through Order Swapping
Authors: Vivekanandan Deepak , Wirth Samuel , Karlbauer Patrick , Klarmann Noah
Published: May 2023

The scheduling of production resources (such as associating jobs to machines) plays a vital role for the manufacturing industry not only for saving energy, but also for increasing the overall efficiency. Among the different job scheduling problems, the Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is addressed in this work. JSSP falls into the category of NP-hard Combinatorial Optimization Problem (COP), in which solving the problem through exhaustive search becomes unfeasible. Simple heuristics such as First-In, First-Out, Largest Processing Time First and metaheuristics such as taboo search are often adopted to solve the problem by truncating the search space. The viability of the methods becomes inefficient for large problem sizes as it is either far from the optimum or time consuming. In recent years, the research towards using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to solve COPs has gained interest and has shown promising results in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency. In this work, we provide an novel approach to solve the JSSP examining the objectives generalization and solution effectiveness using DRL. In particular, we employ the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm that adopts the policy-gradient paradigm that is found to perform well in the constrained dispatching of jobs. We incorporated a new method called Order Swapping Mechanism (OSM) in the environment to achieve better generalized learning of the problem. The performance of the presented approach is analyzed in depth by using a set of available benchmark instances and comparing our results with the work of other groups.
High-G MEMS Accelerometer Calibration Denoising Method Based on EMD and Time-Frequency Peak Filtering
Authors: Wang Chenguang , Cui Yuchen , Liu Yang , Li Ke , Shen Chong
Published: May 2023

In order to remove noise generated during the accelerometer calibration process, an accelerometer denoising method based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and time-frequency peak filtering (TFPF) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a new design of the accelerometer structure is introduced and analyzed by finite element analysis software. Then, an algorithm combining EMD and TFPF is proposed for the first time to deal with the noise of the accelerometer calibration process. Specific steps taken are to remove the intrinsic mode function (IMF) component of the high frequency band after the EMD decomposition, and then to use the TFPF algorithm to process the IMF component of the medium frequency band; meanwhile, the IMF component of the low frequency band is reserved, and finally the signal is reconstructed. The reconstruction results show that the algorithm can effectively suppress the random noise generated during the calibration process. The results of spectrum analysis show that EMD + TFPF can effectively protect the characteristics of the original signal and that the error can be controlled within 0.5%. Finally, Allan variance is used to analyze the results of the three methods to verify the filtering effect. The results show that the filtering effect of EMD + TFPF is the most obvious, being 97.4% higher than the original data.
Advances in Integration, Wearable Applications, and Artificial Intelligence of Biomedical Microfluidics Systems
Authors: Ma Xingfeng , Guo Gang , Wu Xuanye , Wu Qiang , Liu Fangfang , Zhang Hua , Shi Nan , Guan Yimin
Published: May 2023

Microfluidics attracts much attention due to its multiple advantages such as high throughput, rapid analysis, low sample volume, and high sensitivity. Microfluidics has profoundly influenced many fields including chemistry, biology, medicine, information technology, and other disciplines. However, some stumbling stones (miniaturization, integration, and intelligence) strain the development of industrialization and commercialization of microchips. The miniaturization of microfluidics means fewer samples and reagents, shorter times to results, and less footprint space consumption, enabling a high throughput and parallelism of sample analysis. Additionally, micro-size channels tend to produce laminar flow, which probably permits some creative applications that are not accessible to traditional fluid-processing platforms. The reasonable integration of biomedical/physical biosensors, semiconductor microelectronics, communications, and other cutting-edge technologies should greatly expand the applications of current microfluidic devices and help develop the next generation of lab-on-a-chip (LOC). At the same time, the evolution of artificial intelligence also gives another strong impetus to the rapid development of microfluidics. Biomedical applications based on microfluidics normally bring a large amount of complex data, so it is a big challenge for researchers and technicians to analyze those huge and complicated data accurately and quickly. To address this problem, machine learning is viewed as an indispensable and powerful tool in processing the data collected from micro-devices. In this review, we mainly focus on discussing the integration, miniaturization, portability, and intelligence of microfluidics technology.
Novel Grey Body for Accurate Radiometric Measurements
Authors: Avraham Moshe , Golan Gady , Nemirovsky Yael
Published: May 2023

This study presents an original approach on how to generate a radiator with an emissivity less than one by using a conventional blackbody and a screen with a defined area density of holes. This is needed for the calibration of infrared (IR) radiometry, which is a very useful form of temperature measurement in industrial, scientific, and medical applications. One of the major sources of errors in IR radiometry is the emissivity of the surface being measured. Emissivity is a physically well-defined parameter, but in real experiments, it may be influenced by many factors: surface texture, spectral properties, oxidation, and aging of surfaces. While commercial blackbodies are prevalent, the much-needed grey bodies with a known emissivity are unavailable. This work describes a methodology for how to calibrate radiometers in the lab or in the factory or FAB using the “screen approach” and a novel thermal sensor dubbed Digital TMOS. The fundamental physics required to appreciate the reported methodology is reviewed. The linearity in emissivity of the Digital TMOS is demonstrated. The study describes in detail how to obtain the perforated screen as well as how to do the calibration.
Unraveling an Ultrafast Electron Transport Mechanism in a Photocatalytic “Micromachine” for Their Potential Light Harvesting Applications
Authors: Pan Nivedita , Roy Lopamudra , Hasan Md. Nur , Banerjee Amrita , Ghosh Ria , Alsharif Meshari A. , Asghar Basim H. , Obaid Rami J. , Chattopadhyay Arpita , Das Ranjan , Ahmed Saleh A. , Pal Samir Kumar
Published: May 2023

Following the seminal discovery of Richard Feynman, several micromachines have been made that are capable of several applications, such as solar energy harvesting, remediation of environmental pollution, etc. Here we have synthesized a nanohybrid combining TiO2 nanoparticle and light harvesting robust organic molecule RK1 (2-cyano-3-(4-(7-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-4-octylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5] thiadiazol-4-yl)phenyl) acrylic acid) as a model micromachine having solar light harvesting ability potential for application in photocatalysis, preparation of solar active devices, etc. Detailed structural characterization, including High Resolution Transmission Electronic Microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), has been performed on the nanohybrid. We have studied the excited-state ultrafast dynamics of the efficient push-pull dye RK1 in solution, on mesoporous semiconductor nanoparticles, and in insulator nanoparticles by streak camera (resolution of the order of 500 fs). The dynamics of such photosensitizers in polar solvents have been reported, and it has been observed that completely different dynamics occur when they are attached to the surface of the semiconductor/insulator nanosurface. A femtosecond-resolved fast electron transfer has been reported when photosensitizer RK1 has been attached to the surface of the semiconductor nanoparticle, which in turn plays a crucial role in the development of an efficient light harvesting material. The generation of reactive oxygen species as a result of femtosecond-resolved photoinduced electron injection in the aqueous medium is also investigated in order to explore the possibility of redox-active micromachines, which are found to be crucial for efficient and enhanced photocatalysis.
The Influence of Preparation Temperature on the Different Facets of Bulk MgB2 Superconductors
Authors: Zhang Penghe , Zhang Yufeng , Li Chunyan , Zhang Yan , Shen Shuangyuan , Ruan Guanjie , Zhang Jiaying , Noudem Jacques Guillaume
Published: May 2023

Two MgB2 samples were prepared using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique at different temperatures—950 °C (S1) and 975 °C (S2)—for 2 h under 50 MPa pressure to study the influence of preparation temperature on different facets, namely those perpendicular (PeF) and parallel (PaF) to the compression direction of uniaxial pressure during the SPS of MgB2 samples. We analyzed the superconducting properties of the PeF and PaF of two MgB2 samples prepared at different temperatures from the curves of the critical temperature (TC), the curves of critical current density (JC), the microstructures of MgB2 samples, and the crystal size from SEM. The values of the onset of the critical transition temperature, Tc,onset, were around 37.5 K and the transition widths were about 1 K, which indicates that the two samples exhibit good crystallinity and homogeneity. The PeF of the SPSed samples exhibited slightly higher JC compared with that of the PaF of the SPSed samples over the whole magnetic field. The values of the pinning force related to parameters h0 and Kn of the PeF were lower than those of the PaF, except for Kn of the PeF of S1, which means that the PeF has a stronger GBP than the PaF. In low field, the most outstanding performance was S1-PeF, whose critical current density (JC) was 503 kA/cm2 self-field at 10 K, and its crystal size was the smallest (0.24 µm) among all the tested samples, which is consistent with the theory that a smaller crystal size can improve the JC of MgB2. However, in high field, S2-PeF had the highest JC value, which is related to the pinning mechanism and can be explained by grain boundary pinning (GBP). With an increase in preparation temperature, S2 showed a slightly stronger anisotropy of properties. In addition, with an increase in temperature, point pinning becomes stronger to form effective pinning centers, leading to a higher JC.
Recent Advances on GaN-Based Micro-LEDs
Authors: Zhang Youwei , Xu Ruiqiang , Kang Qiushi , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhang Zi-hui
Published: May 2023

GaN-based micro-size light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) have a variety of attractive and distinctive advantages for display, visible-light communication (VLC), and other novel applications. The smaller size of LEDs affords them the benefits of enhanced current expansion, fewer self-heating effects, and higher current density bearing capacity. Low external quantum efficiency (EQE) resulting from non-radiative recombination and quantum confined stark effect (QCSE) is a serious barrier for application of µLEDs. In this work, the reasons for the poor EQE of µLEDs are reviewed, as are the optimization techniques for improving the EQE of µLEDs.
Suggestions on the Revision of the Great Dictionary of Taoism
Authors: Liu Zuguo , Liu Qi , Wang Mi
Published: May 2023

The Great Dictionary of Taoism, published by Huaxia Publishing House in 1994 and compiled by the Chinese Taoist Association and Suzhou Taoist Association, is the first comprehensive reference book on Taoism in the world. The dictionary has provided invaluable assistance for scholars of Taoism. However, in the last three decades, with the flourishing research on the language of Taoist literature, the inadequacies in the Great Dictionary of Taoism have gradually become apparent. Therefore, a systematic revision of this dictionary is necessary. Based on a selection of 700 typical entries with obvious problems from the Great Dictionary of Taoism, this paper conducts a detailed study of their errors from five key areas: entries, meanings, definitions, documentary evidence, and convention. By providing examples and proposing correctional suggestions, the paper aims to provide a necessary reference for the revision of the Great Dictionary of Taoism. The Great Dictionary of Taoism serves as a vital link between the sacred world and the secular society in Taoism, and this study will help Taoist priests, believers, and researchers accurately understand complex Taoist ideologies and practice patterns. It is significant for the inheritance and promotion of Taoist culture.
Mechanical, Structural, and Environmental Properties of Building Cements from Valorized Sewage Sludges
Authors: Zari Rkia , Graich Abderrazzak , Abdelouahdi Karima , Monkade Mohamed , Laghzizil Abdelaziz , Nunzi Jean-Michel
Published: May 2023

Building materials can enable the recycling of sewage sludge from tannery wastewater treatment by infiltration/percolation over coal and clay waste. The process avoids energy-intensive operations and yields a stable and environmentally friendly product. The sludge under study is mainly composed of SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, and Fe2O3, which is convenient to replace the mortar in cement. Different mortars were made by substituting a variable amount of sludge, from 0 to 30%, into the standard cement. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the mortar specimens were characterized after curing for 7 days and 28 days. The best properties were obtained with 15% sludge. Above 15%, the strength decreases at an early stage, as confirmed by SEM and XRD analysis, with more voids and ettringites at larger sludge content. The leaching tests of the mortar confirm that the cumulative values of heavy metals are far below the Deutsch regulatory limits (NEN 7043), justifying retention of the metals in the matrix. Radiological assessment of the sludge mortars also confirms their safety with the values of naturally occurring radioactive materials, surface radon exhalation and annual effective dose far below the required limits. The study suggests that 15% sludge can be used to sustainably replace cement and meet building safety requirement standards.
Experimental Investigation of the Vibration-Induced Heating of Polyetheretherketone for High-Frequency Applications
Authors: Kucher Michael , Dannemann Martin , Peyrow Hedayati Davood , Böhm Robert , Modler Niels
Published: May 2023

Dynamically loaded structures made of thermoplastic polymers have been extensively exploited in several demanding industries. Due to the viscoelastic and thermal properties of thermoplastic polymers, self-heating is generally inevitable, especially during dynamic deformations at high frequencies. Therefore, the thermoplastic polyether ether ketone (PEEK), with its high temperature resistance and high specific strength, is a particularly ideal candidate for dynamically loaded applications. Using scanning laser Doppler vibrometry and infrared thermography, an experimental study of the vibration characteristics and the vibration-induced heating of flat-sheet PEEK specimens was carried out. The specimens were base-excited by means of a piezoelectric actuator at high frequencies in the range between 1 and 16 kHz. As a result, a maximum temperature rise of approximately 6.4 K was detected for the highest investigated excitation. A high correlation between the spatial distribution of the velocity along the beam’s axial direction and the resulting temperature increase was measured. To summarize, the occurring self-heating of PEEK due to the dissipation of vibrational energy has to be critically considered for dynamically loaded structural applications, especially areas with high displacement amplitudes, such as antinodes, which yield the highest temperature increase.
Professional Athletes Maintain High TNF-Alpha or IFN-Gamma Related Inflammatory Status after Recovering from COVID-19 Infection without Developing a Neutralizing Antibody Response
Authors: Ambrus Mira , Fodor Eszter , Berki Timea , Müller Veronika , Uhlár Ádám , Hornyák István , Lacza Zsombor
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Professional athletes are endangered by COVID-19 and belong to the high-risk population due to their lifestyle. To obtain information on the behavior of COVID-19 in professional athletes, serological, cytokine, and virus neutralization capacities were analyzed. Materials and methods: Hungarian national teams participated in international sports events during the early phases of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020. Altogether, 29 professional athletes volunteered to donate plasma. Their serological status was evaluated by IgA, IgM, and IgG ELISAs and the highest virus neutralization titer in an in vitro live tissue assay. Plasma cytokine patterns were analyzed with a Bioplex multiplex ELISA system. Results: Surprisingly, only one athlete (3%) had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, while IgA was more common (31%). Neither plasma showed direct virus neutralization in a titer over 1:10; hence, they were not suitable for reconvalescent treatment. The ‘cytokine storm’ markers IL-6 and IL-8 were at baseline levels. In contrast, either the TNF-alpha-related cytokines or the IFN-gamma-associated cytokines were elevated. There was a strong negative correlation between the TNF-alpha- or IFN-gamma-related cytokines. Conclusions: Professional athletes are susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 infection without developing long-term immunity through neutralizing immunoglobulins. Elevated secretory and cellular immunity markers indicate that these systems are probably responsible for virus elimination in this subpopulation.
Computed Tomography Urography: State of the Art and Beyond
Authors: Cellina Michaela , Cè Maurizio , Rossini Nicolo’ , Cacioppa Laura Maria , Ascenti Velio , Carrafiello Gianpaolo , Floridi Chiara
Published: May 2023

Computed Tomography Urography (CTU) is a multiphase CT examination optimized for imaging kidneys, ureters, and bladder, complemented by post-contrast excretory phase imaging. Different protocols are available for contrast administration and image acquisition and timing, with different strengths and limits, mainly related to kidney enhancement, ureters distension and opacification, and radiation exposure. The availability of new reconstruction algorithms, such as iterative and deep-learning-based reconstruction has dramatically improved the image quality and reducing radiation exposure at the same time. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography also has an important role in this type of examination, with the possibility of renal stone characterization, the availability of synthetic unenhanced phases to reduce radiation dose, and the availability of iodine maps for a better interpretation of renal masses. We also describe the new artificial intelligence applications for CTU, focusing on radiomics to predict tumor grading and patients’ outcome for a personalized therapeutic approach. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of CTU from the traditional to the newest acquisition techniques and reconstruction algorithms, and the possibility of advanced imaging interpretation to provide an up-to-date guide for radiologists who want to better comprehend this technique.
Research on Yaw Moment Control System for Race Cars Using Drive and Brake Torques
Authors: Kobayashi Ikkei , Kuroda Jumpei , Uchino Daigo , Ogawa Kazuki , Ikeda Keigo , Kato Taro , Endo Ayato , Peeie Mohamad Heerwan Bin , Narita Takayoshi , Kato Hideaki
Published: May 2023

The yaw acceleration required for circuit driving is determined by the time variation of the yaw rate due to two factors: corner radius and velocity at the center of gravity. Torque vectoring systems have the advantage where the yaw moment can be changed only by the longitudinal force without changing the lateral force of the tires, which greatly affects lateral acceleration. This is expected to improve the both the spinning performance and the orbital performance, which are usually in a trade-off relationship. In this study, we proposed a yaw moment control technology that actively utilized a power unit with a brake system, which was easy to implement in a system, and compared the performance of vehicles equipped with and without the proposed system using the Milliken Research Associates moment method for quasi-steady-state analysis. The performances of lateral acceleration and yaw moment were verified using the same method, and a variable corner radius simulation for circuit driving was used to compare time and performance. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed system.
A utopia da diversidade nas escritas de Édouard Glissant e Mia Couto
Authors: Rocha Enilce Albergaria
Published: May 2023

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Sabão artesanal no espaço escolar como ferramenta de sensibilização ambiental
Authors: Lopes Marília de Oliveira , Pimenta Daniel Sales , Conde Bruno Esteves
Published: May 2023

Problemas ambientais e suas consequências estão interligados e influenciam todas as esferas do meio biológico e do nosso cotidiano, sendo um dos assuntos mais abordados dentro da disciplina de Biologia em que o uso de novas abordagem na maneira de trabalhar Educação Ambiental é justificável, pois é assunto urgente e necessário devido a degradação ambiental que o planeta vem sofrendo. Muito mais do que ensinar conceitos, é preciso tornar o aluno um participante efetivo e ativo na prática de conservação do meio ambiente. Diante do exposto, o presente estudo avaliou o engajamento de alunos do Ensino Médio, de uma escola pública no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro, sobre a problemática ambiental, a partir da vivência prática na produção de sabão reciclado de óleo de cozinha usado, em que os alunos foram os protagonistas de cada etapa da sequência didática, inclusive na coleta do óleo, que rendeu uma enorme quantidade de produto arrecadado. A metodologia contou com uma sequência didática desenvolvida no decorrer do ano letivo, contando ainda com palestras, pesquisas, produção de material expositivo e aplicação de questionário. Este último, sendo aplicado antes e após as intervenções, permitindo verificação quantitativa com respostas comparadas através de análise estatística. Foi possível constatar como positiva a participação dos alunos, observando-se uma postura diferenciada destes diante do objeto de estudo, interesse durante palestras de sensibilização e pensamento crítico perante as descobertas dos impactos negativos do homem no ambiente natural, reforçando a potencialidade desse método para aumentar a sensibilização ambiental nos adolescentes, bem como reforçar o propósito da escola de educar para a cidadania.  A proposta mostrou-se uma alternativa viável, adaptável ao cronograma escolar e de amplo alcance. Concluindo-se, ainda, que a sequência didática utilizada é passível de ser replicada em outras escolas.
Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Artikulasi Hak Kesehatan Seksual dan Reproduksi (HKSR) di Kalangan Perempuan Muda Asli Papua
Authors: Desintha Dwi Asriani  , Samderubun Godefridus , Eling Wening Pangestu
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the extent to which the SRHR narrative is reproduced in the Papuan context. In the process, data collection was carried out by combining document studies, self-reflexive, and interviews. The involvement of one of the researchers who is also an Indigenous Papuan (Orang Asli Papua – OAP) allows for self-reflection regarding the context and issues of SRHR in Papua. While in the interview process, women’s bodily experience is placed as a center for understanding the dynamics of reproductive health problems in the broader context of Papua. Specific issues such as unwanted pregnancies (Kehamilan Tidak Diinginkan – KTD) are key topics during the interview process. The results of the study show that SRHR issues among young people in Papua cover specific issues such as unwanted pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, and violence against women. However, in the exploration of specific topics such as KTD, it was found that there is a gap in knowledge and skills in understanding and translating the substance of SRHR due to conflicting economic issues, traditions, and changes in meaning around sexuality due to the influence of modernization. Therefore, the intersectionality framework, both theoretically and methodologically, has the potential to be developed for further studies to obtain a comprehensive mapping of the dynamics of SRHR challenges and the need for innovative approaches in Papua.
Tubuhku Bukan Milikku: Pasal 463 KUHP Baru Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Feminis
Authors: Nurtjahyo Lidwina
Published: May 2023

This article discusses abortion as perceived in Article 463 of the New Criminal Code as compared to Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health. This article is analyzed using the feminist legal perspective. To illustrate the state’s intervention on women’s reproductive health issues in terms of abortion, two cases obtained from the search results of the Supreme Court’s decision directory are included. Article 463 of the New Criminal Code does not provide access for abortion in the context of the health condition of pregnant women as stipulated in the Health Law. Then in the explanatory part of the article, it tends to narrow the concept of sexual violence where abortion is only allowed to be carried out by victims of sexual violence in the form of sexual exploitation/forced prostitution. The findings of this research is that the law does not accommodate women’s experience as a whole, and the fact that pregnancy can occur after a single case of rape. Furthermore, the law does not accommodate the necessity of abortion for pregnant women in emergency health condition. The government and the legislative should produce regulations which accomodate women’s unique experience, especially in terms of reproductive rights issues
Hak Atas Kesehatan Seksual Reproduksi bagi Perempuan: Kajian Perbandingan Mengenai Pengaturan Tentang Aborsi di Nepal dan Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Yogi Paramitha
Published: May 2023

The fulfillment of women’s sexual and reproductive health and rights remains challenging, especially concerning one of its most controversial issues, namely abortion. While the maternal deaths caused by unsafe abortion continue to be a concern, many countries retain repressive laws by banning abortion which has often been influenced by moral and religious reasons. This article aims to examine the abortion legal framework as part of sexual and reproductive health and rights through the lens of z by dissecting the degree of recognition of bodily integrity, personhood, equality, and diversity of women. Through a comparative approach between Indonesia and Nepal, this paper argues that Nepal’s abortion regulation has a stronger recognition of women’s bodily integrity, personhood, equality, and diversity in its abortion legal framework compared to Indonesia. Therefore, Nepal’s experience in regulating abortion can serve as an inspiration for Indonesia in ensuring women’s sexual and reproductive health and rights
Ipotezele capitalismului lui Max Weber dintr-o perspectivă a religiei
Authors: PĂTULARU Ionuț-Adrian
Published: May 2023

One of the most complex forms of government in society is undoubtedly capitalism. Several ideologues (sociologists, anthropologists, historians, theologians) have leaned on this ideology, some of them considering that it is the best performing social system, while others, on the contrary, have seen in capitalism an obvious failure, categorizing it as a purely pragmatic, profit-based system, without remorse amputating the social assistance area and greatly diminishing the empathy of the religious. In fact, these researchers see capitalism as a spartan way of leading the world, in which the poorly prepared for society have little chance of asserting themselves in relation to those who are prepared and trained to win and who make any opportunity a success. In the twentieth century, we are witnessing a radical change in capitalism, through the working hypothesis of Max Weber, who saw the Christian religion in a dynamic and reforming way. In fact, success was a form of God's predestination for the individual, the spirit of capitalism being compatible in the Weberian view with Calvin's ethics.
Cunoaştere şi intervenţie în comunităţile marginalizate. Studiu de caz în cartierul Bărăbanţ, Alba Iulia
Authors: BOC Ovidiu-Valentin
Published: May 2023

This research aims to analyze the needs of people in marginalized communities in the Bărăbanţ neighborhood. This study brings to light the main aspects to be investigated, the identification of social issues regarding the communities in the Bărăbanţ area. Going through this stage involved describing the current status of the situation, but also comparing it with other case studies on marginalized communities. The strong idea is to try to define the concept of the social problem because, from it, all the actions of sociologists start in order to compose and implement public policies in order to eradicate or reduce its effects. The ultimate goal of public policy is to mitigate the effects of problems that arise in the medium to long term. For the analysis and evaluation of projects we must take into account a number of factors, such as: the size of the problem, the implementation cost analysis, the ability to provide an answer to the needs identified in the community.
Teacher of Social Sciences and Post-Pandemic Challenges. Considerations Regarding the Moral-Civic Education of Students
Authors: BUTNARU-SANDACHE Cristina
Published: May 2023

Some of the social changes caused by the effects of the pandemic, expected right from the beginning of this episode with a major impact on humanity, are felt both in personal value systems and in interpersonal relationships infiltrated by axiological redefinition. It is difficult, at this moment, to realize how each individual reoriented his values ​​and what is the direction of social transformation, but we are at a time of questions and challenges: how teachers will manage the influences of the social environment in moral-civic education (a process, moreover, challenging in the pre-pandemic period), which categories of values ​​will dominate in these influences, how much of the "old pedagogy" can be applied in the context of a "different world" and how does this world actually look like? Do we tend to become more individualistic by activating the conservation instinct, or more oriented towards others in a developed, pandemic civility, through solidarity? Maybe a little more than the others, because their role is to facilitate the understanding of this dynamic, social science teachers are faced with a new responsibility: to calibrate the value orientations between two worlds, to find ways for continuity, but also for becoming. For some of them, these approaches can be facilitated by experience, but how students – future social sciences teachers - receive such challenges, is contained through the results of a research in this article.
Pace, libertate, bunăstare materială şi spirituală, progres economic şi social – concepte ale României socialiste
Authors: SOARE Pr. Ovidiu
Published: May 2023

Freedom, peace, material and spiritual well-being, economic and social progress are just a few concepts from the severe and insistent discourse of socialist society, which for almost half a century has characterized Romanian society. These concepts had the “therapeutic” role of presenting an ideal socialist society, which comes with concrete social solutions and actions, meant to eliminate social injustices and inequities, military conflicts, economic stagnation or regression. Studying documents from the socialist period is not an easy task, because there are two extreme tendencies: the first to approve them in full, and the second to disapprove them. The article highlights some of the social problems facing our society in those days, problems which, in one form or another, are also found in our current society.
Căsătoriile şi divorţurile în România: dinamica demografică şi percepţii sociale
Authors: DRĂGHICI Elisaveta
Published: May 2023

In the context of the diversification of family patterns, the reduction in birth rates and social changes in recent years, the analysis of demographic phenomena related to marriage and divorce is important especially if these phenomena are correlated with changes in the options for marriage or consensual union and the dissolution of marriage through divorce. Both marriage and divorce are determined by a combination of factors. In turn, these two social events influence other aspects of life. The study aims to provide a picture of marriages and divorces in Romania over the last ten years, in relation to developments in society: views on marriage, the dissolution of family life, the perception of divorce in society, the psychosocial consequences of divorce and perceptions of living together before marriage. It is a theoretical analysis based on official statistical sources and literature, following the evolution in recent years. The results of the study will provide not only a picture of marriages and divorces, but also an overview of the vision of marriage (family) and cohabitation today, providing support for educational and family actions or policies.
Cartierul Valea Oraşului. Aspecte sociale şi urbane
Authors: CELMARE Valerica
Published: May 2023

This article captures some social aspects of a marginalized area of Galati: The Valea Oraşului neighborhood. In the past this area was developed, here lived many merchants who thrived through their businesses. The communist era transformed this historical area into an industrial center, but after the Revolution of December 1989, by ceasing its industrial activity, the Valea Oraşului district, it turned into a peripheral area both by the lack of development initiatives and by moving a large, marginalized population of Roma ethnicity.
Malware Detection in Web Browser Plugins Using API Calls with Permissions
Authors: SahinurHossen Mohammad , Islam Rakibul , Chowdhury Md Nasef Ur Rahman , Haque Ahshanul , Alahy Ratul Qudrat E
Published: May 2023

With the exponential growth of internet users, web browsers play an essential role in gathering knowledge, social networking etc. Browser plugin/add-on is a unique feature of modern browsers that allows for adding new gimmicks to the browser functionality. Although this tool is handy, it poses a significant risk as it can collect and store users browsing history, passwords and more. Hence, attackers can try injecting malicious browser add-ons that can utilize security loopholes wherein the attacker may access user-critical data on the host device. The Smart Extension Malware Detector (SEMD), a reliable browser malware detection system that relies on extension development API calls and privileges using outfit machine learning approaches, was suggested and created by us. The research outcomes demonstrate that the SEMD model outperformed peer models while lowering the difficulty of the detection procedure.
Performance Study on 5G - NSA Backhaul Network Secured with HIP
Authors: Weliwita Chathurika
Published: May 2023

Fifth generation Non-Stand Alone (5G-NSA) mode offers users an earlier 5G experience before worldwide Stand Alone 5G implementation (5G-SA). In 5G-NSA, operators utilize the existing fourth-generation (4G) networks to provide pre-5G services. In some 5G-NSA deployments, the 4G backhaul network connects the 5G core (5GC) or 4G evolved packet core (EPC) to the 5G new radio (5G NR) network. Nevertheless, implementing security in all network segments is essential to assure end-to-end security in 5G-NSA implementations. Operators must use Internet Protocol security (IPsec) to secure user plane transmissions through 4G backhaul. Host Identity Protocol (HIP) is an alternative method to implement IPsec without disturbing radio or core network protocols to provide node authentication, data encryption with integrity protection, and replay protection to the user plane. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the secure HIP-4G backhaul network to assure end-to-end security in 5G-NSA. According to the results, HIP implementation does not delay message transmissions. Only a slight delay occurs at the security session establishment phase in the HIP Base Exchange process. Hence the HIP implemented 4G backhaul is appropriate to assure end-to-end security in 5G-NSA until the 5G-SA internetworking solutions are implemented.
COVID-19 and taxes: Policies for the post-pandemic recovery
Authors: Harman Oliver , Jensen Anders , Naeem Farria , Saab Moussa , Wani Shahrukh , Wilkinson Nick
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented strain on public finances across developing countries. Large fiscal responses and weak economic activity have widened deficits and increased public debt, which for many will be unsustainable over the medium-term. It is important for policymakers to consider policies for mobilising additional revenue. To this end, this policy brief discusses reform options across four types of taxes: wealth, property, consumption, and corporate income. Wealth taxes are underutilised as a policy tool. There is an opportunity to leverage them in response to COVID-19 as they can help reduce inequality and pave the way for equitable recovery. Linked to this option is the expansion of taxes on land and property, targeting the most visible form of wealth in most countries. The brief also outlines policy recommendations on more conventional tools: consumption and corporate taxes, which can be used more effectively to raise revenue by, for example, rationalising tax expenditures and using technology.
Las familias afines: Un estudio doctrinal, jurisprudencial y comparado
Authors: Del Carmen-Iparraguirre Denjiro
Published: May 2023

El presente trabajo no es del todo un tratado. Es tan solo un manual para la facilidad de entender a las familias afines, ensambladas, compuestas, reconstituidas o si queremos sociales; como una nueva modalidad de constituir familia, por tanto, también debe tener un espacio dentro del código civil. El propósito es realizar un análisis doctrinal, jurisprudencial y comparado de este tipo de familias y explicar los cambios más importantes que deben ir incorporados en el vigente código civil; esperando que sea de utilidad para todas aquellos que tienen vocación por el derecho civil.
A EDUCAÇÃO NAS COMUNIDADES PRIMITIVAS EM ELEANOR LEACOCK
Authors: Maceno Talvanes Eugenio , Silva Yuri Rangel Nunes
Published: May 2023

As comunidades primitivas expressam o primeiro passo da humanidade para a constituição do que hoje é o gênero humano. Num processo de transformação interrupto, mas que envolve elementos essenciais de continuidade, a humanidade é uma totalidade em movimento, cujo início remete a suas primeiras formas de organização social. O seu estudo é fundamental para entendermos como chegamos até aqui e como podemos orientar a nossa história futura. Baseado nesses pressupostos, debruçamo-nos neste artigo sobre a educação nas comunidades primitivas, entendendo que a compreensão de como ela se organizava na primitividade é basilar para orientarmos nossas ações pedagógicas hoje em dia. Entendemos que desde o livro de Aníbal Ponce, Educação e lutas de classes, de 1937, nada mais de significativo sobre o nosso objeto foi produzido na perspectiva teórica que adotamos acerca da educação nas comunidades primitivas, isto é, a perspectiva marxista. Este artigo busca atualizar, no sentido de negar, confirmar e aprofundar, as teses sobre a educação nas comunidades primitivas apontadas por Ponce em sua obra. Para tal, baseamo-nos na leitura imanente de Mitos da Dominação Masculina, clássico da antropologia marxista, de Eleanor Burke Leacock. Nesse livro, a autora traça um amplo painel acerca das relações e da forma de organização das comunidades primitivas, a partir do qual podemos extrair as linhas gerais da dinâmica educativa nela subjacente.
VENTRE FEMININO A AURORA DA NAÇÃO PERFEITA
Authors: Boarini Maria Lucia , Souza Simone Carlos de
Published: May 2023

O objeto dessa exposição é o papel social das mulheres propagado pelo ideário da eugenia no Brasil. Concentramos nossa análise no período de intensa publicação e propagação sobre eugenia, a década de 1920. Nosso objetivo é aflorar discussão sobre como, por meio da história à luz do materialismo histórico, as ideias não se distanciam da realidade concreta em que são produzidas. No caminho percorrido, destacamos nuances que indicam um ideário em prol da resolução de problemáticas no contexto histórico e social do qual é parte, sem deixar de ser um recurso ideológico de reprodução social do capital. Concluímos que o papel das mulheres defendido pela eugenia foi, simplificadamente, um traço geral da sociedade de classes. Presente em nossos dias atuais nas ideias reacionárias, mulheres como pilares da família e salvaguardas do futuro nacional, são tragédias reproduzidas no percurso histórico.
“ERA IMPOSIÇÃO SEM SUPORTE”
Authors: Passini Eduardo Souza , Makewitz Gabriela Gomes , Dias Fernanda Gomes , Giongo Carmem Regina
Published: May 2023

Este estudo possui o objetivo de descrever e analisar as transformações provocadas pela pandemia de COVID-19 na organização e nas condições de trabalho de docentes da educação básica no Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de metodologia mista, que contou com a participação de 686 professores. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre junho e outubro de 2021, de forma online, através de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e à análise temática. No momento da pesquisa, 53,5% dos participantes estavam exercendo atividades parcialmente presenciais e parcialmente remotas. Os docentes declararam estar trabalhando mais (85,6%), realizando mais horas extras (79%), com algum tipo de dificuldade em planejar e executar as atividades à distância (87%) e com dificuldades na utilização de ferramentas virtuais requeridas na realização de seu trabalho (80,4%). Todavia, apenas 43,1% tiveram formação promovida pela instituição de ensino. Os dados coletados evidenciaram um contexto laboral marcado pela sobrecarga de trabalho e pelo frágil suporte institucional. Concluiu-se que são necessárias políticas públicas de atenção à saúde do trabalhador na educação básica, fortalecendo os coletivos de trabalho e as ações de suporte aos docentes.
Avaliação do suplemento proteico mineral em níveis crescentes no concentrado para ovinos
Authors: Freitas Ana Beatriz  Inácio de , Vilaça Lucas Eduardo Gonçalves , Siqueira Marco Túlio  Santos , Oliveira Karla Alves , Sousa Luciano Fernandes , Macedo Júnior Gilberto de Lima
Published: May 2023

Em razão dos grandes custos com alimentação na produção animal, tem-se buscado associar novas tecnologias à novos produtos designados para a fisiologia animal, a fim de obter resultados mais satisfatórios e aprimorar a produção. A finalidade do experimento, foi determinar diferentes níveis de inclusão do concentrado proteico mineral associa- dos com os parâmetros nutricionais e metabólicos. O experimento foi realizado com cinco borregas de oito meses de idade e peso de 40kg, e aprovado pelo CEUA - Comissão de Ética na Utilização de Animais, protocolo 016/10. Foram divididas em gaiolas de estudo de digestibilidade em quadrado latino 5x5, com cinco tratamentos: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% de inclusão de suplemento proteico no concentrado, sendo feito uma adaptação de dez dias, com dieta relação volumoso: concentrado correspondente à 50:50. Os animais receberam em média 3,5% do peso vivo de ração. Durante cinco dias, foi feito coleta de fezes, sobras do ofertado, sobras de água, e medidos volume e den- sidade de urina para cada animal em cada fase. Foi realizado amostras sanguíneas para análises de metabólitos em dias alternados, três vezes durante os dias de coleta. Houve diferença estatística em relação ao consumo de matéria seca em relação ao peso vivo (CMSPV), consumo de matéria seca em relação ao peso metabólico (CMSPM), e ao consumo de água (CH2O), com variação de regressão linear crescente. Dos parâmetros sanguíneos e digestivos, não constataram variação estatística. A digestibilidade de matéria seca (DMS) foi afetada, concluindo-se que a inclusão máxima do produto é de 5%.
Evaluation of hypervelocity impact of micrometeoroids and orbital debris on next-generation space solar cells
Authors: Toyota Hiroyuki , Nakamura Tetsuya , Kanaya Shusaku , Sumita Taishi , Hirai Takayuki , Kobayashi Masanori
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses the hypervelocity impacts of micrometeoroids and orbital debris (MMODs) on inverted metamorphic triple-junction (IMM3J) and perovskite solar cells, which are much thinner than conventional triple-junction (3J) solar cells. We experimentally found that IMM3J solar cells can suffer from short-circuit faults due to the hypervelocity impacts of MMODs, unlike conventional 3J cells, and determined the projectile diameters and velocities that could cause them using a model proposed by Burt. No short-circuit mode was identified in perovskite solar cells, but they had open-circuit faults several days after the hypervelocity impact experiment, which are possibly attributed to the decomposition of the perovskite crystal by moisture in the air due to the broken seal.
أسس بناء الشخصية في الدراما التلفزيونية العراقية
Authors: م.م. سلوان بهاء كاظم موسى
Published: May 2023

تعد الشخصية محورا اساسياً تستند اليها الدراما بوصفها الرافد الذي ينتقل عنطريقها الحدث والصراع الدرامي؛ كما واخذت الشخصية مركز الصدارة في الدراساتالنفسية والاجتماعية ودراسات الادب والدراما. فضلا على ان الشخصية هي احدى القيمالدراماتيكية التي يستند عليها صانع العمل الفني في عملية توظيفها داخل المنجز المرئي.مع بقية عناصر البناء الدرامي لكي تكون بمثابة نقطة الارتكاز في بناء الحدث ولذلك نجدان صانع العمل الدرامي يولي اهتمام كبير في تفسيره للشخصية الدرامية وفق معالجة بناءالشخصية الدرامية وتفاعلها مع بقية العناصر وفق رؤية تتسم بالتجديد في بناء الشخصيةالدرامية داخل المنجز المرئي ولذلك فان العديد من التفسيرات قد وضعت لفهم مكوناتالشخصية الدرامية وبنائها داخل المنجز المرئي.مشكلة البحث والحاجة الية: شهدت الدراما التلفزيونية العراقية تطورا واسعا في المجالين التقني والفني ؛اذاصبحت حقلا يجاور المفاهيم العلمية والتقنية الحاليةءوليس على المستوى المعالجةالاخراجية فحسب ذفقد خضعت الكتابة الجديدة للسيناريو التلفزيووني الى انفتاحات متعددةتمخضت عنها الكثير من التجارب الجديد ءوقد شكلت الشخصية في الدراما التلفزيونيةالمعاصرة محورا" فاعلا في عمليات بناء الصورة المرئية والمسموعة عبر تمركزها فيالفعل الدرامي المؤثر على المتلقي؛ من خلال تحولاتها ونموها وتطورها المستمر ‎٠‏‏فافعالها وسلوكها هي التي تولد الانطباع عنها ومن خلا لها تصبح فاعلة ومؤثرة فيغايتها التي تسعى الى تحقيقها فالشخصية تبنى من خلال تأصر مجموعة من الاسسالدرامية والاجتماعية والسايكولوجية من جهةءوطرق معالجتها التلفزيونية من جهة
تنمية القوة العضلية والكثافة العظمية باستخدام تدريبات المطاط واثرها على مستوى اداء بعض المهارات الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة
Authors: ا.م. د سهاد قاسم سعيد الموسوي
Published: May 2023

ان اساس الارتقاء الشامل في الالعاب الرياضيه ومنها الكرة الطائره هو الاعداد

البدني الشامل الذي يتركز باستخدام اساليب تدريبيه وتمرينات صحيحه تنسجم مع العنصر

المراد تطويره سواء كان بدنيا ام مهاريا على ان يكون دقيقا في تهيئه الاسلوب والطريقه

المناسبه لنوع الرياضه التي يدربها والعنصر البدني الذي يطورهكان هدف البحث التعرف

على تاثير تدريبات المطاط لتنمية القوه العضليه والكثافه العظميه للاعبي الناشئين بالكرة

الطائرة ومن فروض البحث هي وجود فروق معنويه بين الاختبارات القبليه والبعديه لدى

المجموعه التجريبيه والضابطه بتاثير تدريبات المطاط شمات مجتمع البحث من لاعبي

الشباب بالكرة الطائره والبالغ عددهم (٩١)لاعبا‏ وقد اجريت التجربه الرئسيه يتاريخ

‎٠١٠5‏ ولغايه ٢٢/٨/٤١٠٢وتم‏ استخدام المنهج التجريبي لملاءمته لطبيعة البحث

وبعد استخدام المعالجات الاحصائيه نوصلت الباحثه :الى مادة كفاءة العظام للمجموعه

التجريبيه بشكل افضل عند مقارنتها بالمجموعة الضابطة ممايؤكد فعاليه المجموعه

التجريبيه بتاثير المنهاج التجريبي وتوصلت الباحثه الى ضرور التركيز والتاكيد على

الاهتمام بتدريبات المطاط لما لها من تاثير ايجابي في تنمية القوة العضليه والكثافة

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