bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDENT'S LANGUAGE THROUGH LESSONS OF KAZAKH LITERATURE IN THE UPDATED CONTENT OF EDUCATION
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Seysenbayeva Zh.
Published: June 2021

In the scientific article, a study of methods and methods of teaching Kazakh language and literature in schools with other languages was conducted. Through Kazakh stories, which are the main component of the educational content of Kazakh literature, ways of using it as a means of forming students ' worldview, attitude to life, and self-realization are determined. The purpose of teaching Kazakh literature in Russian schools is to introduce representatives of other nationalities to the rich literary heritage and history of the Kazakh people. The subject of literature helps to instill respect for the country in students who speak a different language. At the same time, it contributes to a deeper knowledge of the country, people around it, and a closer understanding of the life of the people. Each teacher is able to creatively and correctly organize work on the development of language in the lessons of the Kazakh language and literature, which creates conditions for the student to comprehensively understand the phenomena of everyday life, learn, and use what he has learned in spoken words.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF DIDACTIC PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Kazakh academy of transport and communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Smailova F. , Zhapakov S. ,   Director of secondary school No. 109 of the Department of Education of the city of Almaty, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to socio-economic changes of the country, reforms of educational system, and new requirements in the field of foreign language education. The study of the methodology of teaching a foreign language as an applied linguistics is due to the fact that the methodology of the 1930s did not sufficiently define the specificity of a foreign language as a subject and did not develop a system of research methods.It is common knowledge that in pedagogy and methodology there is one object of study - processes of training, goals and objectives of training, education and the content of subjects. The practice of teaching a foreign language requires the development of problems of the content of teaching methods and techniques, its goals and objectives. The study of the problem of domestic didactics made it possible to reveal that in the Soviet methodological literature there is different coverage of the issue of teaching a foreign language during the studied period.
EDUCAÇÃO EM POESIA DO CTRL C E CTRL V : SABERES DIFERENTES PARA APRENDER
Authors: Soares Fany Pereira de Araújo , Gomes Bruno Severo
Published: July 2021

A educação teve um impacto muito grande durante a Pandemia do ano de 2020-2021, em diversos países foram estruturadas alternativas para o ensino não parar e não afetar tanto na aprendizagem dos alunos. Dentre as formas de vivenciar conteúdos a poesia se destaca como uma potencial maneira de educar, pois, devido ao cenário de crise da saúde pública, reflexões calmas e tranquilas podem auxiliar os estudantes a compreender de modo mais brando assuntos que são essenciais, como, por exemplo, a importância de saber sobre o plágio. O objetivo deste artigo é de apresentar dois poemas sobre educação, inspirados nos ensinamentos freiriano, um voltado para a formação do professor e reforçar a ideia de não desistir dos seus propósitos, apesar das dificuldades e o outro aborda a temática do plágio na Educação a distância que está a ser muito utilizada durante os períodos de isolamento da Pandemia. Como Paulo Freire, educador brasileiro, ensinou temos que esperançar, a educação não pode parar
OPINIÃO PÚBLICA, DEMOCRACIA E ELEIÇÕES: O QUARTO PODER EM TEMPOS DE REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Lima Wallace Moacir Paiva
Published: July 2021

Os tempos já não são os mesmos, a pós-modernidade trouxe o avanço tecnológico proporcionado pela 4º Revolução Industrial também chamada de indústria 4.0, conectando todos os lugares, locais e pessoas com simples toque. As redes sociais, que inicialmente surgiram com Orkut, hoje fazem parte do dia a dia, as pessoas não acordam e vão comprar seus jornais, elas acessam a internet e logo chegam a elas, as notícias, verdadeiras ou não, ética ou nem tanto. Qualquer um pode promover uma publicação, disseminar fatos ou fake News., com uma mídia talvez mais voltada à esquerda como ideologia política e com imparcialidade nem sempre notável os últimos anos marcaram um declínio da credibilidade da mídia tradicional no Brasil. Diante do exposto esse estudo trata de um ensaio sobre a imprensa brasileira em termos de redes sociais, buscou-se verificar a evolução do jornalismo, o nascimento das fakes News e discutir as mídias digitais.
Homeopathy and levels of Ca++ salivary in the prevention of dental caries
Authors: Mourão Leila , Nardy Rosy , Cataldo Dionísia , Canuto Vicente , Nunes Adriana Marques , Barroso Leonardo , Vassem Aisha , Ramos Irene Cunha , Bonaud Kadija , Santos Erick , Lorena Thamires
Published: June 2021

Comparative studies between systemic inducing bone neoformation medications showed favorable results for homeopathic medicines. (Almeida et al., 2000; Werkman et al., 2006, FARINA, 2010). The Calcareas, are described in the literature for their action in the mineralization processes and increase of the levels of Ca ++ tissue ((LATHOUD, 1998; ARGENTA, 2005; VIJNOVSKY, 1999; VOISIN, 1971). NARDY-MELO, 2013, found that Calcarea carbonica 6CH, Calcarea phosphorica 6CH and Calcarea fluorica 6CH, when given as a compound, are statistically significant for increasing tissue Ca ++ levels. Objective This randomized controlled multicentric study, approved by the UniFOA's Human beings Research Ethics Committee CAAE:39002914.0.0000.5237, has aspiration to quantify the level of Ca + + salivary in front of the administration of homeopathic medicines Calcarea Carbonica, Calcarea Phosphorica, Calcarea Fluorica, as supporting in the prevention of dental caries, Demineralization and Dental l, from the stimulus to increase of Ca + + salivary. Method (n=48) Children in the age range of 04 to 16 years, with high rate of dental caries, submitted to dental treatment, without the preventive application of fluoride topical and specific food guidelines were divided randomly, in 2 groups according to the medication experienced: GI – Calcarea Carbonica 6CH; Calcarea phosphorica 6 CH; Calcarea fluorica 6CH, in the dose of 3 daily drops for 15 days a month for three months. GII – Upward scales of Calcarea Carbonica 6CH; Calcarea phosphorica 6CH; Calcarea fluorica 6CH, in the dose of 3 daily drops, in the first month. Calcarea Carbonica 9CH; Calcarea phosphorica 9CH; Calcarea fluorica 9CH, in the dose of 3 daily drops, in the second month. Calcarea Carbonica 12CH; Calcarea phosphorica 12CH; Calcarea fluorica 12CH, in the dose of 3 daily drops, in the third month. The salivary Ca + + levels was measured before the administration of the first dose and monthly, for 03 consecutive months. The calcium (mg/dl) salivary indices were determined by optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results The results were submitted to statistical analysis with Student T-Test (significance with P < 0.05) and analysis of variance Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Conclusion: The averages of calcium increase under the action of homeopathic medicinal products: Calcarea Carbonica, Calcarea Phosphorica and Calcarea Fluorica, in this study, do not differ in G I and G II and in both groups the increase in salivary calcium level was statistically significant to 0.5%.
Artemia salina contamination with glyphosate and treatment with isotherapic
Authors: Nagai Mirian , Pinto Andreia Adelaide , Melo Ednar do Nascimento Coimbra , Nowrooz Suhan , Suffredini Ivana , Bernardi Maria Martha , Bonamin Leoni Villano
Published: June 2021

Introduction Artemia salina, a micro-crustacean of the order Anostraca, is one of the most used ecotoxicity bioindicators. Glyphosate is an herbicide widely used in the world, whose toxicity is still controversial, although many evidences point to endocrine disruption effects. Objective Since in homeopathic practice intoxications are often treated by isotherapy, our objective was to verify the possible protective effect of glyphosate isotherapics, in different potencies, when added to sea water in which Artemia salina were exposed to 0.02% glyphosate (corresponding to CL10). Behavioral and morphological parameters were evaluated. Methods Artemia salina cysts were kept in culture bottles containing artificial sea water, following standard technique of oxygenation, luminosity and temperature to promote hatching within 48 hours. The isotherapic preparations were inserted in each bottle in a 10% of the total water volume. The obtained nauplii and water samples were frozen to further glyphosate dosage. Part of the nauplii was distributed in transparent tubes, being 10 nauplii per tube and 6 tubes per group, for behavioral analysis, and part were collected for a detailed morphological analysis, under an optical microscope. Results and Discussion About 80 to 270 nauplii were analyzed per group. The data of healthy/defected nauplii ratio presented statistical significance p
The importance of research on the Simile-Principle in different medical fields
Authors: Schlingensiepen Irene , Schröder Carola , Werner Knut , Diez Susanne
Published: June 2021

Backround Observation of the Simile-Principle is attributed to Hippocrates and Paracelsus. With Hahnemann’s methodological observations Homeopathy became the only medical field so far, that applies the Simile-Principle deliberately. This application is currently disputed by mainstream medicine, claiming that there is no scientific rationale for the Simile-Principle. Aim To assess if and how the Simile Priciple can be observed in biomedical research inside and outside of homeopathy. Methods In conventional medicine, we surveyed different therapeutic methods for evidence of the Simile Principle at work. In Homeopathy, we used provings and analysis of our own records from 22 years of monitoring case-takings to discover congruence between a state of illness, a healing agent and longterm clinical outcomes. We also monitored which techniques of questioning and documentation yield a high quality in provings and symptom-collections along the Simile-Principle. Results Conventional-Medicine: We will present examples for therapeutic applications of the Simile–Principle on the chemical, organ and informational level, where Like is used to treat Alike: Allergy-therapies, Vaccinations, Organ-transplants, Psychotherapy. There is no awareness of this underlying principle in Medicine. Homeopathic provings: We will show how exactness of observation, adaquateness of wording and diligence in documentation can range from few trivial symptoms up to a precise image of of the remedy-source. Like in Hahnemann´s patient Klockenbring, this resonance can even evoke information about the source within the prover or the patient. Conclusion In Homeopathy the Simile-Principle is reflected not only in symptoms induced by ingestion. The Simile-Principle to a specific source is reflected both in physical disorders, as well as in the specific perception of illness, healing and in individual talent. Basic and clinical research is needed in Homeopathy and conventional medicine to better understand the Simile-Principle. Modern methods of pattern-recognition can enhance such scientific understanding.
Background mechanisms of UHD working
Authors: Jerman Igor , Krapez Vesna Pericek
Published: June 2021

Background In spite of strong opposition from the orthodox scientific circles, the UHD effects are gradually becoming a part of the accepted science, because of the quickly growing corpus of UHD effects evidence. While this process should continue, the next great step would be to disentangle UHD working mechanisms with the perspective to give us understanding and explanation of its rational, causal-consequential and objective background. Aims Based on the already known and confirmed UHD phenomena as well as some more developed proposed theories that try to explain them, the aim of the presentation is to explore, which of the theories could be the most appropriate for the development of the UHD science. It should lead to the one that would be acceptable by a majority of the concerned scientific community (physicists, physical-chemists, biologists, medical doctors, etc.). Methodology We contrast the established facts of UHD science with the most developed theories to find out, which theory could cover the phenomena in the most comprehensive way. The applied theories are as follows: the basic and the extended theory of coherent domains (Preparata – Giudice – Yinnon), hydrogen bonded clusters theory (Chaplin), nanomaterial theories (Rajendran, Chikramane), the theory of chains of water nano-pearls (Meessen). Results and discussion The results show that the advanced theory of coherent domains (Yinnon) together with the theory of chains of water nano-pearls (Meessen) are the most promising. They connect the basic UHD background mechanisms to the electromagnetic and electric fields and are supported with advanced and recent physicochemical research. Nevertheless, the theories are still in the stage of principal explanation and are mostly not yet capable of giving exact predictions. Therefore, the theory that would predict phenomena and would initiate a virtuous circle of scientific validation of UHD effects is still needed. Conclusion The most developed contemporary theories cover a plethora of UHD phenomena. However, they may still have some deficiencies regarding the explanation of the whole richness of the UHD phenomena.
Entelechy, Gyroscopes, and QBism: developing a Quantum Metaphor for the vital force
Authors: Milgrom Lionel
Published: June 2021

Background Entelechy (e.g., Hahnemann’s Vital Force, Vf), bears striking similarities to certain properties of quantum systems. Thus, the Vf is only indirectly observable via (centrifugally) expressed symptoms: a quantum property is only indirectly observable via its experimental effects. Consequently, a quantised Vf ‘gyroscopic’ metaphor is proposed where ‘axial’ rotation (represented by a wavefunction) undergoes dis-ease-induced retardation leading to Vf ‘precession’, i.e., symptom expression. Remedy-induced acceleration of axial rotation results in cure, via centrifugal removal of dis-ease, so precession/symptom expression ceases. The Vf ‘gyroscope’ is considered quantised partly because patients are observed during ‘discreet’ appointments, not continuously. Objective To develop this metaphor further by generating wavefunctions to represent the Vf in various states of dis-ease and health. Method Three wavefunctions are generated from secondary symptoms exhibited by the patient’s Vf, as observed by the practitioner. Three more wave functions are generated from analogous (unobserved) hypothetical states, representing the Vf evolving from health into a precursor dis-eased state. Results and discussion The evolution of therapeutic/dis-ease processes are imagined as transformations between these Vf wavefunctions, visualised as patient states on six of the nine points of an enneagram. The remaining three points represent practitioner states, ‘entangled’ with these processes. The Vf states may be divided into two groups - one indirectly observable via expressed symptoms, the other hypothetical - separated by a notional therapeutic ‘event horizon’. The practitioner, Janus-like, manages the therapeutic process by ‘negotiating’ between these two groups. Conclusion An interpretation of quantum theory called QBism (i.e., Quantum Bayesianism, in which a wavefunction represents only the total subjective information available to an assigning agent, not a shared separate objective reality), suggests these various Vf wavefunctions could represent Chalmers-like non-reductive information states, proposed as starting points for considering the influence of consciousness on the therapeutic process.
ASSÉDIO E ORGIA (RE)VELADOS NOS ENUNCIADOS CLIVADOS PELO DISCURSO HUMORÍSTICO NO QUADRO TELEVISIVO JOGO DOS PONTINHOS, DE SILVIO SANTOS
Authors: Veiga Jaqueline Fonseca , Fernandes Eliane Marquez da Fonseca , Luterman Luana Alves
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva uma análise de enunciados de Silvio Santos em diálogo com o elenco do Jogo dos Pontinhos, um dos quadros do Programa Silvio Santos. Com base na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, analisaremos os enunciados que mostram uma exposição feminina que beira o assédio (ou talvez até se configure como assédio) e uma proposta de orgia, que inclui Silvio Santos e a filha, Patrícia Abravanel. Autores como Foucault (1987; 1996; 2002), Sombra (2015) Possenti (2018), entre outros, servirão de base para nossas análises. A questão principal que norteia este trabalho é se há limites discursivos para o humor e para o riso, tendo em vista a expressão subjetiva machista que Silvio Santos imprime em seus enunciados. Como resultados, acreditamos que há um efeito de liberdade enunciativa legitimada pela idade de Silvio, dada pela condição de idoso, também em função do teor humorístico do programa. Concluímos que esse efeito de liberdade e esse humor podem se imbricar e propiciar uma leitura pejorativa, relacionada à exclusão feminina, à inferiorização ao reduzir a mulher ao corpo, um abuso ligado à exploração misógina, capaz de desvalorizar e odiar a mulher ao considera-la apenas pelo viés da beleza padronizada.

 

Palavras-chave: Silvio Santos. Assédio. Discurso humorístico. Discurso feminista.
Impact of urbanization on thermal environment of Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration under complex terrain
Authors: Chen Si , Xie Zhenghui , Xie Jinbo , Liu Bin , Jia Binghao , Qin Peihua , Wang Longhuan , Wang Yan , Li Ruichao
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Located in the mountainous area of southwest China, the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration (CCUA) was rapidly urbanized in the last four decades, has led to a three-fold urban area expansion, thereby affecting the weather and climate. To investigate the urbanization effects on the thermal environment in the CCUA under the complex terrain, we conducted the simulations using the advanced Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF V4.1.5) model together with the combining land-use scenarios and terrain conditions. We observed that the WRF model reproduces the general synoptic summer weather pattern, particularly for the thermal environment. It was shown that the expansion of the urban area changed the underlying surface's thermal properties, leading to the urban heat island effect, enhanced by the complex terrain further. The simulation with the future scenario shows that the implementation of idealized measures including returning farmland to forests, expanding rivers and lakes can reduce the urban heat island effect and regulate the urban ecosystem. Therefore, the urban planning policy can has potential to provide feasible suggestions to best manage the thermal environment of the future city toward improving the livelihood of the people in the environment.
Preprocessing approaches in machine learning-based groundwater potential mapping: an application to the Koulikoro and Bamako regions, Mali
Authors: Gómez-Escalonilla Víctor , Martínez-Santos Pedro , Martín-Loeches Miguel
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Groundwater is crucial for domestic supplies in the Sahel, where the strategic importance of aquifers can only be expected to increase in the coming years due to climate change. Groundwater potential mapping is gaining recognition as a valuable tool to underpin water management practices in the region, and hence, to improve water access. This paper presents a machine learning method to map groundwater potential and illustrates it through an application to two regions of Mali. A set of explanatory variables for the presence of groundwater is developed first. Several scaling methods (standardization, normalization, maximum absolute value and min-max scaling) are used to avoid the pitfalls associated with the reclassification of explanatory variables. A number of supervised learning classifiers is then trained and tested on a large borehole database (n = 3,345) in order to find meaningful correlations between the presence or absence of groundwater and the explanatory variables. This process identifies noisy, collinear and counterproductive variables and excludes them from the input dataset. Tree-based algorithms, including the AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, Decision Tree and Extra Trees classifiers were found to outperform other algorithms on a consistent basis (accuracy > 0.85), whereas maximum absolute value and standardization proved the most efficient methods to scale explanatory variables. Borehole flow rate data is used to calibrate the results beyond standard machine learning metrics, thus adding robustness to the predictions. The southern part of the study area was identified as the better groundwater prospect, which is consistent with the geological and climatic setting. From a methodological standpoint, the outcomes lead to three major conclusions: (1) because there is no aprioristic way to know which algorithm will work better on a given dataset, we advocate the use of a large number of machine learning classifiers, out of which the best are subsequently picked for ensembling; (2) standard machine learning metrics may be of limited value when appraising map outcomes, and should be complemented with hydrogeological indicators whenever possible; and (3) the scaling of the variables helps to minimize bias arising from expert judgement and maintains robust predictive capabilities.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION PRODUCTS BASED ON THE FUZZY–AHP SYNTHESIS MODEL
Authors: Lv L. , Chen H. , Xie W. , Tian Z. , Chen Y.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. As one of the critical products National Geographic Conditions Monitoring Achievements (NGCMA), land cover dataset has great value for the practical needs of China natural resources investigation and monitoring. For providing This paper proposed a fuzzy-AHP synthesis model, for assessing the quality of land cover classification products, based on the current qualifications of inspection and acceptance as well the characteristics of the inspection process of this type of results. The model is practiced on a data set that is the inspection results from 27 surveying areas in northern China. By comparing the results to the results from minimum method (MinM) and weighted average methods (WAM), this study pay attention on giving the analysing of the reasonability and feasibility of this model on practical uses and to provide a technical reference for quality evaluation of the new-type of fundamental surveying and mapping products.
A PRAXIS ON DATA QUALITY EVALUATION OF UNDERGROUND PIPELINE
Authors: Zhao H. T. , Zhou J. , Jing C. F. , Li X. F.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Underground pipelines are known as “life line”. With the rapid developing of city, more and more pipelines like power lines will move into underground. Facing the complex environment from underground and relationship with other kinds of pipeline, the data quality evaluation is very crucial for academic and business applications. This paper introduced our praxis on underground pipeline data quality on a real project. The datasets are mainly composing of vector data about 15 GB size, covers 3 counties, worked with 3 teams. The workflow, data sampling method and quality evaluation method were engaged in our work. This work can extend to other underground pipeline projects or similar spatial data quality evaluation projects.
STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BEIJING SUBSIDENCE BASED ON PS-INSAR/LEVELING AND PRIMARY INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP WITH FAULT ZONE
Authors: Wang X. Q. , Zhang P. , Wang Y. S. , Sun Z. Y.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The severe land subsidence could lead to ground collapse, building damage and a series of disasters. Up to now, the land subsidence has occurred in more than 50 cities in China, which seriously affects the life and production safety of local people and restricts the development of cities. While, Beijing is one of the most serious cities. This paper takes the urban area of Beijing as an example. PS-InSAR technology is used to process 40 scenes of Terra SAR images from 2010 to 2015, and the high-coherence points are selected by fusing the two algorithms of coherence coefficient and amplitude deviation. In order to verify the reliability of the results, the second-level measurement results are compared with the PS-InSAR deformation results, and five leveling points are used to evaluate the accuracy. The results show that: the maximum absolute error between the Leveling results and the InSAR measurement result is 8.87 mm, and the standard error is 3.22 mm, which meets the accuracy requirements. And areas with serious subsidence occur in Changping District, Haidian District, Daxing District, and Chaoyang District; there is no obvious subsidence trend in the central and eastern parts of Dongcheng, Xicheng and Fengtai District, and the surface is relatively stable. The subsidence in Tongzhou and Shunyi District is serious relatively, the subsidence in these two areas is -6 mm/a~-67 mm/a and -11 mm/a~-22 mm/a respectively. Finally, the spatial relationship between fault zones and land subsidence was preliminarily discussed. The results show that, the subsidence of the south of Changping was so serious than others while the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone crossed with Babaoshan and Huangzhuang-Gaoliying fault zone through this area respectively.
PREFACE: THE 2021 EDITION OF THE XXIVTH ISPRS CONGRESS
Authors: Mallet C. , Lafarge F. , Poreba M. , Wu T. , Bahl G. , Yu M. , Garioud A. , Chen Y. , Jiang S. , Yang M. Y. , Paparoditis N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. We report key elements and figures related to the proceedings of the 2021 edition of the XXIVth ISPRS Congress. Similarly to 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused global travel challenges and restrictions for the first half of 2021. Consequently, the physical Congress re-scheduled from June 2020 to July 2021 was again postponed to June 2022, still in Nice (France). Papers were already submitted and the ISPRS Council decided to carry out the review process and the publication of the proceedings of the papers submitted under the label “2021 Edition”. The authors of published papers had the opportunity to present their work during a Digital Event, this year scheduled the same week as the planned Congress (5–9 July 2021).
MOVING TOWARD OPEN GEOSPATIAL SYSTEMS: THE UN OPEN GIS INITIATIVE
Authors: Brovelli M. A. , Li K. J. , Eom K. S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The UN Open GIS Initiative is an ongoing Partnership Initiative leaded by the United Nations Geospatial Operations. The Initiative, established in March 2016, is supported by several UN Member States, UN Field Missions, UN Agencies and technology contributing partners (international organizations, academia, NGOs, and the private sector) and takes full advantage of their expertise.The target is the creation of an extended spatial data infrastructure that meets the requirements of the UN Secretariat (including UN field missions and regional commissions), and then expands to UN agencies, UN operating partners and developing countries. The paper presents the activities done in the past year and the status of the Initiative.
CITIZEN-GENERATED GEODATA FOR NATURAL PARKS USE ANALYSIS: INSIGHTS FROM FACEBOOK IN THE INSUBRIA REGION
Authors: Oxoli D. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Green areas such as natural parks provide citizens with a number of health and leisure benefits, often accessible with a few minutes of travel from urban centres. Moreover, the natural heritage enclosed in most green areas plays a pivotal role also in the economic integrity of these territories by driving local growth thanks to the establishment of tourism activities. In this context, the monitoring of both visitors and dwellers fluxes, as well as destination preferences, is key to provide land managers with critical information to shape local management and promotion strategies. This paper presents a preliminary investigation on the use of citizen-generated geodata -provided by Facebook- to empower the generation of space- and time-resolved insights into people fluxes in natural parks through a comparison with neighbouring urbanized areas. The Insubria region, a historical-geographical area between Northern Italy and Southern Switzerland, is considered a case study. Facebook users’ population and movements data are analysed to identify trends and metrics on fluxes and support the estimation of the recreational and tourism value of natural parks. Results are presented as graphs and summary statistics and discussed according to their possible integration into territorial management and promotional practices.
A COLLABORATIVE PLATFORM FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING: SIMILE WEBGIS
Authors: Toro Herrera J. F. , Carrion D. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Nowadays, the increasing pressure over water resources is reflecting on the water quality all over the globe. Not surprisingly, local, and regional governments are taking initiatives into tackling this issue. However, the management of water resources requires coordinated management by the stakeholders, especially in cross-border regions, to achieve efficient regulations. Then, the data-sharing for monitoring the water resources is fundamental for the stakeholder participation in the process of knowledge building. This work presents the design and implementation of a collaborative web platform aiming at enhancing these processes applied to share water quality parameters maps produced under the framework of the SIMILE (Integrated monitoring system for knowledge, protection and valorisation of the subalpine lakes and their ecosystems) project. The platform takes advantage of open-source infrastructure and standards. The solution provides two web-based applications devoted to the upload/management (customized GeoNode) of the data and its visualization (WebGIS). The scope of the collaborative platform is to improve the access to information for awareness-building on the water resources in the Insubric area.
RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE OF EMERGENCY GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION COLLABORATIVE SERVICE MODE WITH CROWDSOURCED DATA
Authors: Yang J. , Huang W. , Zhang H. , Li H.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. China is a disaster prone country. In recent years, the national functional departments have been committed to the construction of emergency surveying and mapping support capacity. However, the data owned by government departments are often systematic, accurate and authoritative, but the real-time is not enough. The improvement of data update efficiency requires a lot of resources. The main body of emergency management is also mainly government departments, which lacks public participation and interaction. The application of volunteer geographic information in China's emergency management has not yet formed a scale. This article will mainly studies the mechanism of volunteer information in emergency management, the multi-source emergency geographic information collaborative service mode with volunteer participation, and take specific engineering practices as an example to introduce the national Geographic Information Public Service Platform for Disaster Emergency, and try to solve the problems about real-time disaster site information acquisition, multi-source information online integration and collaborative services, and rapid customization and release of user-oriented emergency topics in multiple emergency scenarios Issues.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LINKAGE UPDATE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR GEO-INFORMATION SERVICE PLATFORM
Authors: Zha Z. , Huang W. , Tang D. , Wang C. , Zhang H. , Yang J. , Li H.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The data update of the geographic information public service platform requires the joint investment of the resources of the national, provincial and municipal nodes of the platform. How to efficiently organize the collaboration of nodes at different levels is a problem that needs to be solved in the construction of the platform. The platform linkage update management system proposed in this paper is based on a workflow engine and driven by data flow. Its functions include data fusion agreement handling, data update, data access and distribution, problem feedback, announcement, statistics & analysis, system management and other functions.The system is suitable for the joint participation of construction and maintenance units suitable for all nodes to participate in, get through the online and offline update process and related resources.The construction of the system can better coordinate the construction of national geographic information public services, and achieve the effect of "linked update and shared services". The system provides higher efficiency for the dynamic update of the geographic information public service platform, allowing geographic information data resources to provide services for natural resource management and economic and social development in a more timely and extensive manner.
ANALYSIS OF THE ATTACKER AND DEFENDER GAN MODELS FOR THE INDOOR NAVIGATION NETWORK
Authors: Niu L. , Song Y. , Chu J. , Li S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Evacuation research relies heavily on the efficiency analysis of the study navigation networks, and this principle also applies to indoor scenarios. One crucial type of these scenarios is the attacker and defender topic, which discusses the paralyzing and recovering operations for a specific indoor navigation network. Our approach is to apply the Generative-Adversarial-Neural network (GAN) model to optimize both reduction and increase operations for a specific indoor navigation network. In other words, the proposed model utilizes GAN both in the attacking behavior efficiency analysis and the recovering behavior efficiency analysis. To this purpose, we design a black box of training the generative model and adversarial model to construct the hidden neural networks to mimic the human selection of choosing the critical nodes in the studying navigation networks. The experiment shows that the proposed model could alleviate the selection of nodes that significantly influence network transportation efficiency. Therefore, we could apply this model to disaster responding scenarios like fire evacuation and communication network recovery operations.
PARAMETRIC MODELLING APPROACH TO RECONSTRUCTING ARCHITECTURAL INDOOR SPACES FROM POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Wahbeh W.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In this paper, some outcomes of a research project which aims to introduce automation to speed up modelling of architectural spaces based on point clouds are presented. The main objective of the research is to replace some manual parametric modelling steps with automatic processes to obtain editable models in BIM-ready software and not to generate non-parametric IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) models. An approach of automation using visual programming for interior wall modelling based on point clouds is presented. The pipeline and the different concepts represented in this paper are applicable using different programming languages but here the use of Rhinoceros as a modelling software and its open-source visual programming extension "Grasshopper" is intentional as it is in common use for parametric modelling and generative design in architectural practice. In this research, it is assumed that there is a predominance of three mutually orthogonal directions of the walls in the interior spaces to be analysed, which is the case of most indoor spaces.
TOPOLOGY-AWARE 3D MODELLING OF INDOOR SPACES FROM POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Zavar H. , Arefi H. , Malihi S. , Maboudi M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In this paper we introduce a topology-aware data-driven approach for 3D reconstruction of indoor spaces, which is an active research topic with several practical applications. After separating floor and ceiling, segmentation is followed by computing the α-shapes of the segment. The adjacency graph of all α-shapes is used to find the intersecting planes. By employing a B-rep approach, an initial 3D model is computed. Afterwards, adjacency graph of the intersected planes which constitute the initial model is analyzed in order to refine the 3D model. This leads to a water-tight and topologically correct 3D model. The performance of our proposed approach is qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated on an ISPRS benchmark data set. On this dataset, we achieved 77% completeness, 53% correctness and 1.7–5 cm accuracy with comparison of the final 3D model to the ground truth.
CONCEPTS – LOCATIONS – EMOTIONS: SEMANTIC ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE TEXTS
Authors: Anastopoulou N. , Kavouras M. , Kokla M. , Tomai E.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Research on knowledge discovery in the geospatial domain currently focuses on semi-structured, even on unstructured rather than fully structured content. The attention has been put on the plethora of resources on the Web, such as html pages, news articles, blogs, social media etc. Semantic information extraction in geospatial-oriented approaches is further used for semantic analysis, search, and retrieval. The aim of this paper is to extract, analyse and visualize geospatial semantic information and emotions from texts on climate change. A collection of articles on climate change is used to demonstrate the developed approach. These articles describe environmental and socio-economic dimensions of climate change across the Earth, and include a wealth of information related to environmental concepts and geographic locations affected by it. The results are analysed in order to understand which specific human emotions are associated with environmental concepts and/or locations, as well as which environmental terms are linked to locations. For the better understanding of the above-mentioned information, semantic networks are used as a powerful visualization tool of the links among concepts – locations – emotions.
Letter to the Editor Regarding “The Vigil of Medicine”
Authors: Schukow Casey P.
Published: June 2021

This letter to the editor is regarding “The Vigil of Medicine”, which is a reflection on the author’s personal experiences backpacking the John Muir Trail. In this piece, the author discusses not being afraid to look back, while seeing the campers behind her holding up a “string of headlights that snake up the mountain”. I agree with the author that this “string of headlights” resembles the journey of medical school. Every year, more students begin their journey into medicine, and as more senior medical students, we have a responsibility of leading our younger classmates behind us. In this letter, I draw on this importance of leadership integrated into medical school curricula (e.g., through student-led organizations) and discuss my time as a Peer Mentor (PM) while as a second-year medical student. As a PM, I was able to provide much support to my first-year classmates through ways such as bringing snacks each weekend, taking walks to a local ice cream store, and running tutoring sessions. When my time as a PM was over, many of my then first-year classmates graduated to become second-years, and gladly took over the program with gratitude as they embarked on leading their incoming freshmen classmates. This opportunity uniquely embodies the concept of the “string of headlights”, and this letter encourages senior medical students to continue leading their younger classmates so the path of headlights can continue to burn bright.
The role of viral marketing in improving the mental image of the Palestinian cellular communications company Jawwal - Southern Governorates
Authors:   Al-Quds Open University, Palestine, Abo Ajwa Husam
Published: June 2021

The aim of the research is to test and analyze the correlation and impact relationships between the dimensions of viral marketing (electronic publishing methods, viral advertising campaigns, the electronic spoken word, motivations of viral message conveyers) and to improve the mental image (perception, influence, motivation, and desire) from the viewpoint of the customers of the Palestinian Cellular Communications Company (Jawwal), and revealing the differences in the responses of the sample members according to the following personal variables: (gender, use of mobile services, duration of use, degree of interest in mobile services). To achieve the research objectives, the descriptive analytical approach was used for its suitability to the nature of this study, and the questionnaire was used as a main tool. For the purpose of completing this research, (440) questionnaires were distributed, and (380) were recovered, representing (86.%) as a recovery rate. The distributed questionnaires targeted (Jawwal) customers. The researcher used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the primary data collected from the research. The researcher has reached a set of results related to the field of application, the most important of which are: the existence of a positive relationship between the dimensions of viral marketing and improving the mental image, as well as the existence of a statistically significant effect between the dimensions of viral marketing and enhancing the mental image in the company under study. Finally, there are statistically significant differences between the average of the respondents’ answers due to personal variables (gender, use of mobile services, duration of use, degree of interest in mobile services).The researcher recommends that the researched company take advantage of the viral ads to reach the largest segment of the target customers and motivate the e-messengers to re-send these ads to relatives and friends so that it may become a basic means of promoting its services and improving its mental image.
A comparative study on competition laws and practices between Saudi Arabia and the United States
Authors:   Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, N. Agil Hussain
Published: June 2021

This paper mainly compares the prevailing competition laws and practices of both the United States of America and Saudi Arabia with respect to their historical development and the legal systems of these countries. These objectives emanate from the globalization of trade and commerce, which necessitates considerable knowledge on the part of the global investors of the similarities and differences between the two countries for ease of trade. Being a comparative study, the current work adopts a comparative analysis methodology whose main objective is to evaluate the characteristics of each competition practice. Furthermore, there has been a need to reconcile the various views regarding the practices in both systems, as some deemed them similar while others advanced that they were opposites. The results of the research were quite mixed. The research established that the similarities and differences between the competition laws of both countries vary depending on each country’s unique legal systems, socioeconomic practices, political organization, and legislations. Generally, some of these factors, particularly the political organization, resulted in the commercially restrictive practices culminating in price violation. A striking similarity is that both competition practices do not prohibit domination by a given business entity but instead prohibit the abuse of such dominance. Alternatively, a key difference between them is that while Saudi laws are borrowed from the Islamic Sharia laws, the American system is tailored to capitalistic principles. Notably, the Saudi laws are reflective of the much broader Islamic jurisprudence. This paper shall be essential because it deconstructs the competition practices of American Law and Islamic Jurisprudence in an easier way, hence helpful to those interested in this research area.
İSLAM HUKUKU AÇISINDAN YAŞAMI BIRAKIP ÖLÜMÜ TERCİH ETMEK: ÖTENAZİ
Authors: KAYA Ali
Published: June 2021

Kültürel etkileşimler ve değişimler sebebiyle toplum ve bireyler üzerinde din ve ahlak ilkelerinin etkisinin azalması, insanların düşünce dünyasında birtakım değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda hız kazanan bu anlayış, temel haklar konusunda da görüş farklılıkları meydana getirmiştir. Temel haklar içinde önemli yer tutan yaşam hakkı da bu farklılıklardan etkilenmiştir. Gelinen noktada kişiler birtakım sebeplerin bulunması halinde yaşamayı bırakarak ölümü tercih edip yaşamlarını sonlandırabilme hak ve yetkisine sahip oldukları görüşüne sahiptir. İlk asırlarda intihar kavramı başta olmak üzere çeşitli isimler altında yapılan tartışmanın, son yüzyıldaki kişisel özgürlük, hak ve hürriyet anlayışlarında ortaya çıkan yeni gelişmeler ve genişlemeler bağlamında ötenazi gibi yeni kav-ramlar çerçevesinde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Temel haklardan olan yaşama hakkı da bu değişimin etkisinde kalarak insanın yaşama devam etme veya sonlandırma hakkının olması düşüncesi yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Esasen insanın tarih sahnesinde yer aldığı andan itibaren insan yaşamına kendisinin veya başka birinin müdahalesi olmuştur. Ancak ötenazi kavramı ile müdahale yeni bir boyut kazanmıştır. Ölüm ile yaşam arasında kalındığında ölümü tercih etmenin bir hak olarak görülerek ya-şama haksız bir müdahale olmayacağı algısı oluşmasına ve bunun kabul edilmesi noktasına gelinmiştir. Bu tercihi insanın bizzat kendisi veya başkaları da yapabilmektedir. Ancak sonucunda can kaybı ortaya çıkmakta ve buna, hastalar için acıları dindirme, yaşlılar için insan onuru koruma, ümitsizlik, çaresizlik ve yaşam kalitesinin düşmesi, kaynak israfını önleme, vb. gerekçeler dayanak yapılmaktadır. Ötenazi çerçevesinde yoğunlaşan ölme tercihinde bulunma girişimi yaşamın kutsallığı ve yaşamın niteliği gibi iki temel noktadan hareketle tartışılmakta; karşı çıkanlar olduğu gibi savunanlar da bulunmaktadır. İşte bu makalede ötenazi çerçevesinde ölme tercihinde bulunmanın İslam ve onun hukuk nizamı olan İslam Hukuk doktrini açısından incelenip değerlendirme yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. Öncelikle ötenazi kavramını kısaca genel hatları ile anlattıktan sonra, kişinin kendisinin veya başka birinin ölüm tercihinde bulunmasının dini ve hukuki yönü üzerinde durularak yaşamaktan vazgeçerek ölmeyi tercih etme olgusu analiz irdelenecektir.
新冠疫情下中国农业原物料产业内贸易的反思
Authors: 江 雅轩 , 庄 斯淇
Published: June 2021

2020年伊始，新冠肺炎疫情在全球范围内爆发并迅速扩散，让所有人始料未及，也给世界经济和中国经济也带来了巨大的冲击。由于多国实施限制措施，人员无法随意外出、人力自然无法自由移动；而各国间的供应链结受阻，致使解决民生最基本问题的农业原物料贸易更形重要。本文对疫情期前中国与全世界、亚洲、东亚、东南亚、南亚、西亚及中亚农业原物料的产业内贸易进行研究，结合产业内贸易指数和重叠需求理论，分析得出与中国农业原物料贸易最频繁的区域，并依据重叠需求理论分析结果，对未来新冠疫情后中国的贸易方向与策略提出建议。