bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution of seabirds in the Lower Estuary and Gulf of St Lawrence (Canada) during summer
Authors: Guse Nils , Markones Nele , Bolduc François , Garthe Stefan
Published: September 2023

We investigated the abundance and distribution patterns of a range of seabird species in the Lower Estuary and Gulf of St Lawrence in the western North Atlantic Ocean using ship-based surveys during the summers of 2007, 2008 and 2009. This area is known to be of particular importance for several seabird and cetacean species. We analysed distribution and abundance of common seabird species in mid and late summer, and estimated total numbers for the Southern Gulf, which was most intensively surveyed. Northern Gannets Morus bassanus were overall most abundant and widespread. Our at-sea estimate of 150,000 birds for the Southern Gulf constitutes 64% of the North American breeding population, rendering the site one of the most important areas for this species worldwide during this period. Our at-sea estimates suggest that according to the 1% threshold of the Ramsar Convention considerable proportions of the Canadian breeding population of Razorbills Alca torda (5-11%), Common Guillemots Uria aalge (2-3%), Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla (2-4%) and Black Guillemots Cepphus grylle (1-2%) use the Southern Gulf. Relative to their biogeographic populations, at-sea totals were also considerable in American Herring Gulls Larus smithsonianus (3-4%), Great Black-backed Gulls L. marinus (1-4%) and Great Northern Divers Gavia immer (1-4%). Areas of high seabird densities and multispecies aggregations (hotspots) occurred around the Gaspé Peninsula (Northern Gannets, alcids, Black-legged Kittiwakes, Larus gulls), in the Northwestern Gulf, along the Lower North Shore (near St Mary's Islands), along the west coast of Newfoundland (Bay of Islands to St Georges Bay), in Cabot Strait, around Cape Breton Island and the Magdalen Islands, as well as west and east of Prince Edward Island.
Non-breeding season movements of six North American Roseate Terns Sterna dougallii tracked with geolocators
Authors: Mostello Carolyn , Nisbet Ian , Oswald Stephen , Fox James
Published: September 2023

Little is known of the endangered and declining western North Atlantic population of the Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii outside the breeding season, when most mortality probably occurs. We used geolocators to track Roseate Terns in 2007 and 2009 and retrieved six units with useful data. In the post-breeding period in July-August, all six birds staged around Cape Cod, close to the breeding site. They started southward migration from 28 August to 14 September and flew directly across the western North Atlantic Ocean to staging areas around Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. We identified five major areas and four minor areas in the West Indies and along the north and east coasts of South America where birds stopped over for 2-24 d during southward and northward migrations. Birds arrived at (Northern Hemisphere) wintering areas from Guyana/Suriname on the north coast of South America to eastern Brazil between 3 October and 2 November. They left wintering areas from 7-23 April and arrived back at the breeding area from 5-30 May. Although this study is based on data for only six birds, it identifies several stopover and wintering areas that should receive priority for future studies and potential conservation measures. Geolocators did not impair Roseate Terns' ability to raise young in the year the devices were attached, but lower than expected rates of return suggest that the geolocators reduced survival, and most of the birds that returned had lost body-mass and did not breed in the year of return.
Factors affecting survival of fledgling Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus
Authors: Perrins Chris
Published: September 2023

During an 11-year period starting in the mid-1960s, large numbers of fledgling Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus were ringed and recaptured on Skokholm Island, Pembrokeshire, Wales. Since it is unlikely that any more will ever be found, this paper summarises the factors that affected the chances of a fledgling surviving long enough to be recaptured on the island. Both the date on which they were ringed and their weight at that time influenced the probability that they would be recaptured. Some implications for the annual cycle are discussed.
The status of breeding seabirds on the Isle of Tiree, Argyll, 2004-13
Authors: Bowler John
Published: September 2023

Annual monitoring of breeding seabirds on the Isle of Tiree 2004-13 revealed significant declines in the numbers of Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis, Common Guillemot Uria aalge, Razorbill Alca torda and Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla at the main seabird colony of Ceann a' Mhara. Numbers of Herring Gull Larus argentatus and Lesser Black-backed Gull L. fuscus also declined significantly across the island over the same period, whilst numbers of Common Gull L. canus increased significantly. Most other breeding seabirds including European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle, Little Tern Sternula albifrons, Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea and Black-headed Gull Croicocephalus ridibundus remained stable or showed non-significant declines. Breeding was confirmed for the first time on Tiree by single pairs of Great Skua Stercorarius skua and Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica. Annual estimates of breeding success were recorded for six species. There were complete breeding failures of Black-legged Kittiwake in 2007-08, Arctic Tern in 2004-05 and Little Tern in 2006, although all three species had higher breeding success in 2009-13.
The use of k values to convert counts of individual Razorbills Alca torda to breeding pairs
Authors: Harris Mike , Newell Mark , Wanless Sarah
Published: September 2023

A 32-year study of Razorbills Alca torda on the Isle of May, southeast Scotland, showed that the mean value of k, used to convert counts of individual birds to breeding pairs, averaged 0.795 ± 0.019 SE and increased significantly over the period. This value was much higher than the 0.67 used to convert counts of birds during censuses of colonies for Britain and Ireland in both 1985-88 and 1998-2002. Assuming that the average values recorded at the Isle of May at the time (0.767 and 0.851, respectively) were representative of other colonies, the total British and Irish populations would have been 14% and 27%, respectively higher than the published totals. Given plans for another nationwide survey in the next few years it would be useful to obtain k values from additional colonies to provide better assessment of changes in breeding numbers.
Failure to launch: evidence of protracted parental care in albatrosses
Authors: Ryan Peter , Ferreira Carmen , Perold Vonica , Osborne Alexis , Jones Christopher
Published: September 2023

Most albatrosses have well defined breeding seasons (Tickell 2000). Fledging tends to be spread over a longer period than laying or hatching because the duration of the chick-rearing stage is more variable than that of incubation (Warham 1990). However there are few records of albatross chicks extending fledging periods by more than a month or two (but see Brown & Adams 1984). We were thus surprised to see a juvenile Sooty Albatross Phoebetria fusca on a nest near the meteorological station on Gough Island (40°20'S 9°55'W) during the 2014-15 breeding season, three months after Sooty Albatross chicks usually fledge from Gough Island (Ryan 2007; most chicks fledge in May-June, and in 2015 the last chick near the weather station departed between 17 and 25 July). The late-fledging juvenile was first observed on 17 September 2014 and remained on its nest until at least 14 October, but apparently fledged by 19 October (the nest was empty, and no carcass was found). It seemed to be in good health throughout this period, and on being approached, it clapped its bill in the manner typical of a large nestling. Characters that indicated it was a juvenile bird still in its first year were the virtual lack of a white eye-ring, no yellow sulcus stripe on the bill, and uniformly aged, fresh plumage still with pale fringes to the back coverts (Figure 1; Marchant & Higgins 1990). Assuming a mean hatching date in mid December (Ryan 2007), this gives a fledging period of around 300 days, much longer than the 164 ± 9 SD days recorded at Ile de la Possession, Crozet Islands (46°25'S 51°45'E: maximum 178 days; Tickell 2000).
The seabird wreck in the Bay of Biscay and South-Western Approaches in 2014: A review of reported mortality
Authors: Morley Tim , Fayet Annette , Jessop Helene , Veron Paul , Veron Merlin , Clark Jacquie , Wood Matt
Published: September 2023

Between December 2013 and February 2014, a series of storm events occurred in areas of the North Atlantic frequented by migratory seabirds. Prolonged exposure to sustained storm conditions was followed by an unprecedented level of seabird mortality, apparently due to starvation, exhaustion and drowning. A total of 54,982 wrecked birds was recorded along European coastlines of the North-East Atlantic over the winter; 94% of which were dead. The majority of birds found were recorded on the French coastline (79.6%), and the most impacted species was the Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica (53.5%). In this paper, we describe the conditions surrounding this wreck event and report the numbers of wrecked and stranded seabirds by combining reports from multiple affected countries.
A survey of Leach’s Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa on North Rona, Western Isles, Scotland in 2015
Authors: Murray Stuart , Shewry Michael , Elliott Steph , Jones David , Harden Jill
Published: September 2023

Comparable surveys have been made of the Leach’s Storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa colony on North Rona, Western Isles, Scotland in 2001, 2009 and 2015 using responses to tape recordings played at burrow entrances. Response rates estimated from a calibration plot were used to correct the total number of responses to tape playback from an island-wide survey. A ‘simple arithmetic’ method of calculating the population estimate suggested 606 apparently occupied burrows (AOB) for 2015, which is the lowest number to date and represents a c.15% decline since the last survey in 2009, when 713 AOB were found. In 2001 there were 1,084 AOB, giving an overall decline of 44% since this first survey. The ‘first response’ method, which only makes use of the first response from each burrow in the calibration plot, is designed to avoid potential bias, caused either by habituation or by very vocal individuals. As this suggests a population of 805 AOB there is a need to be cautious about inferring a further island wide decline since 2009.
Research on the Innovation of Network Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Jing Guohua
Published: September 2023

The arrival of the big data era is profoundly changing people's social structure and working methods, and the field of education is naturally not spared. Driven by a large amount of information and technology, the pace of educational change is becoming more and more rapid, and networking and intelligence have become the keywords of the new generation of education, especially in the aspect of network ideological and political education in colleges and universities, this change is more important. This paper will explore these new trends and challenges in depth, analyze their impact and significance on network ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and combine them with specific teaching cases to put forward corresponding solution strategies and directions, aiming to further promote the modernization of the cause of ideological and political education in China's colleges and universities.
From surviving to living after a stroke
Authors: Wibbels-Pancras Françoise
Published: September 2023

In this article, a case study is used to describe the recovery process following a right-hemisphere stroke from a haptotherapeutic perspective. This article also introduces three phases of recovery from a haptotherapeutic perspective: from surviving to recovering to living, inspired by the phases of recovery from psychological trauma as described by Judith Herman (Herman, 2017). The choice was made to use the theory and models of Frans Veldman (Veldman, 2007) as the underlying principle. Because this article also tries to give non-haptonomically trained healthcare professionals an insight into the ideas and working method of the haptotherapist, the latter are explained. These phases may serve as the basis for developing a clinical practice guideline for haptotherapy in secondary healthcare after a cerebrovascular accident. Based on this clinical practice guideline the haptotherapist and client can formulate a meaningful treatment plan together, centred around the client’s preferences. This clinical practice guideline can also serve as a theoretical document for further research on haptotherapy and CVA.
Co-operative inquiry: A research policy method for secondary education in Nigeria
Authors: Olayiwola Shina
Published: September 2023

This article examines the level of research involvement among educational stakeholders in the process of educational policy-making and implementation in Nigeria. It attributes the transformational challenges confronting the secondary school system in Nigeria to the epistemological question: “What is the relationship between the knower or would-be knower and what can be known?” This is premised on the idea that the research process that led to the 6-3-3-4, or the “new” 9-3-4 system of education from the 6-5-2-3 system of education, did not involve the participants as co-researchers and co-subjects in their relationship. This article argues for co-operative inquiry as an alternative participatory, action research method for ameliorating these transformational challenges in the Nigerian secondary school system.
On in-ness: What Cégep teaching keeps teaching me
Authors: Olszanowski Magdalena
Published: September 2023

A first-person essay on the ways that Cégep teaching is different from teaching at a university. The reflection explores how belonging — an "in-ness" — is enacted within a creative arts department by focusing on various experiences from being hired to navigating teaching online during the pandemic. By doing so, the author recognizes how they come to understand and promulgate belonging in the classroom.
Pedro Zaragoza y Benidorm: intuición y ‘storytelling’ como motores de acciones comunicativas relevantes (y II)
Authors: Poveda Salvá Miguel , Vizcaíno-Alcantud Pablo
Published: September 2023

En la primera parte de este artículo, asistimos a la conversión de un pequeño pueblo de pescadores en uno de los referentes turísticos más destacados de España. El artífice de esta transformación, Pedro Zaragoza Orts, protagoniza también esta segunda y última entrega.
Research of Porous Asphalt Concrete Application on Highway Sections with The Increased Aquaplaning Danger Level
Authors: Rieznik Oleksandr , Yang Shilin , Bieliatynskyi Andrii , Shao Meiyu , Ta Mingyang
Published: September 2023

Statistics of road accidents show that even in the summer the number of accidents directly depends on weather conditions, and one such reason is aquaplaning in some parts of the road. Therefore, solving the issue of improving the road structure in such areas, while maintaining the regulatory strength, equality and coefficient of adhesion are relevant in road construction. The research allowed developing an improved mixture of porous asphalt mixture taking into account the physical-mechanical and operational properties. The construction of the road surface was also improved with the separation of the pavement layers, where porous asphalt mixture was used as the top layer, and the basalt canvas (impregnated) between the used construction levels was used. The mathematical calculation of the road was improved taking into account the physical phenomena occurring between the car and the road surface in the presence of water. The speed limits were calculated, and the thickness of the fluid layer was taken into account as well. The authors of the article also paid attention to the influence of road roughness on the speed limit.
Road Pavement Condition Index Deterioration Model for Network-Level Analysis of National Road Network Based on Pavement Condition Scanning Data
Authors: Paplauskas Paulius , Vaitkus Audrius , Simanavičienė Rūta
Published: September 2023

Surveying the condition of the pavement is one of the most important processes in managing the road network. The information collected during these surveys allows for the calculation of the Pavement Condition Index, which is a derivative cumulative qualitative indicator that evaluates various pavement characteristics and defects. Deterioration modelling of these measured indicators and calculated indices is a critical element and its most accurate prediction brings the process of pavement management closer to a higher quality process by more efficiently allocating funds and repair work. Many different models – both extremely complex and simple – are used in the world to simulate the condition of individual pavement indicators. However, these models are developed based on the data of a certain country or region and are not suitable in another country due to different requirements for pavement structures and other reasons. In Lithuania, measurements of the quality indicators of road surfaces with new generation survey equipment have been carried out recently but the information stored in the databases about road sections is minimal, and it becomes difficult to adapt the models applied abroad due to the missing information. The aim of this study is to create pavement condition index prediction models by evaluating such quantitative and qualitative indicators as traffic loads, road surface unevenness, type of repair, pavement age, climatic zones, and pavement construction classes.
Traffic Load Model Calibration and Comparison to Evolving Traffic Loads In 2014–2018
Authors: Asp Olli , Laaksonen Anssi
Published: September 2023

The national calibration of Eurocode load model 1 (LM1) for road bridges was made by a calibration of the load effects of LM1 against the corresponding load effects of a former load model used in Finland. Due to the increased gross vehicle weights in legislation, a national calibration of LM1 was necessary and the stochastic simulation was needed. The aim of this study is to generate a traffic model together with a predictive model for simulation purposes by using and combining long-time monitoring data measured on a road network in different surveys. In this paper, the performance of the predictive model of increases in axle loads and gross vehicle weights is evaluated against short-term bridge weight in motion (BWIM) measurements. The results achieved with a simulation can be used to gain more information of statistical parameters and the evolution of load effects caused on bridges by road traffic in Finland. The simulation model presented in this study served as a basis for updated national calibration of load model LM1. The follow-up comparison between predictive model and traffic monitoring shows the suitability of the estimation of the evolution of traffic loads and also necessity of the raise of LM1.
Connection Between Track Geometry Quality and Dynamic Vehicle Response at Various Speeds
Authors: Ágh Csaba
Published: September 2023

Track geometry measurements are widely used for describing track quality. However, derailments and track deterioration are caused by forces arising in vehicle-track system. This research focuses on two types of vehicle response. Firstly, the influence of the longitudinal level irregularities on the vertical wheel-rail forces was examined. Secondly, the correlation between the lateral axle box acceleration and the cross level irregularities was investigated. Track geometry and vehicle response data were acquired simultaneously by a track recording car, formed from a passenger car, at various speeds up to 130 km/h. Vehicle-track forces were calculated based on accelerometers mounted on the car body, bogies and axle boxes, considering mass and moment of inertia. Non-linear regressions resulted in vertical vehicle-track force estimation functions. It was proven that the use of second spatial derivatives of the longitudinal level gave a better estimation than the use of reference TQIs according to European Standard EN 13848-6. A linear relationship was found between the speed and standard deviation of vertical vehicle-track forces. On straight sections with constant speed, correlation coefficients of around 0.8 were found between second spatial derivatives of cross level and lateral axle box acceleration.
Assessment of Metalaxyl migration through vadose zone of alluvial sandy soil using column experiment and HYDRUS numerical modeling
Authors: Kumar Meshram Nilesh , Adhikari Kalyan , Chatterjee Rhitwik
Published: September 2023

Contemporary research on pesticides/fungicides as potential sources of groundwater contamination, including their migration pathways, especially in the Western Bengal basin (WBB), is scarce. The present research intends to study the vulnerability of groundwater towards pollution from metalaxyl. Metalaxyl is a fungicide added anthropogenically to the sandy soil of WBB for the cultivation of crops like tomatoes, potatoes and mustard. The study explores the mechanics of metalaxyl adsorption in soil and its migration to the associated groundwater system. Chemical analyses show high concentrations of metalaxyl within groundwater (472.9 μg/L, maximum amount) from the study area (Nadia district of WBB). The groundwater ubiquity score of metalaxyl (4.6) depicts that it is very much prone to leach through the sandy soils of WBB to the underlying groundwater system. The results of column leaching experiments and their congruence to the findings of numerical modelling study using HYDRUS software confirm the fact. The adsorptive resilience of the studied soils towards metalaxyl is insignificant (soils of North Chandmari (S1) =0.1087 mg/g, Ghoragacha (S2) =0.21 mg/g, and Khaldarpara (S3) =1.771 mg/g). However, the presence of excess iron concentration may enhance the adsorptive capacity of the soil toward Metalaxyl, thereby limiting its migration toward the zone of saturation.
On intuitionistic fuzzy almost prime ideals and intuitionistic fuzzy almost prime submodules
Authors:   Post-Graduate Department of Mathematics, D.A.V. College, Sharma P. K.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this paper is to present some characterizations of almost prime ideals and almost prime submodules in the intuitionistic fuzzy environment. We investigate various properties of these concepts and achieve many results.
Intuitionistic fuzzy G-modules with respect to norms (T and S)
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Payame Noor University (PNU), Iran, Rasuli Rasul
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we introduced intuitionistic fuzzy G-modules on M under norms (t-norm T and s-conorm S) and some related results like intersection, sum and direct sum of them has also been discussed. Also some of their properties have been investigated under G-module homomorphisms.
Targeting Sex Determination to Suppress Mosquito Populations
Authors: Li Ming , Kandul Nikolay P. , Sun Ruichen , Yang Ting , Benetta Elena D. , Brogan Daniel J. , Antoshechkin Igor , Sánchez C. Héctor M. , Zhan Yinpeng , DeBeaubien Nicolas A. , Loh YuMin M. , Su Matthew P. , Montell Craig , Marshall John M. , Akbari Omar S.
Published: September 2023

Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito
Aedes aegypti
. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for
Aedes aegypti
that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to control wild populations, safely curtailing disease transmission.
Hippocampome.org v2.0: a knowledge base enabling data-driven spiking neural network simulations of rodent hippocampal circuits
Authors: Wheeler Diek W. , Kopsick Jeffrey D. , Sutton Nate , Tecuatl Carolina , Komendantov Alexander O. , Nadella Kasturi , Ascoli Giorgio A.
Published: September 2023

Hippocampome.org is a mature open-access knowledge base of the rodent hippocampal formation focusing on neuron types and their properties. Hippocampome.org v1.0 established a foundational classification system identifying 122 hippocampal neuron types based on their axonal and dendritic morphologies, main neurotransmitter, membrane biophysics, and molecular expression. Releases v1.1 through v1.12 furthered the aggregation of literature-mined data, including among others neuron counts, spiking patterns, synaptic physiology, in vivo firing phases, and connection probabilities. Those additional properties increased the online information content of this public resource over 100-fold, enabling numerous independent discoveries by the scientific community. Hippocampome.org v2.0, introduced here, incorporates over 50 new neuron types and extends the functionality to build real-scale, biologically detailed, data-driven computational simulations. In all cases, the freely downloadable model parameters are directly linked to the specific peer-reviewed empirical evidence from which they were derived. Possible research applications include quantitative, multiscale analyses of circuit connectivity and spiking neural network simulations of activity dynamics. These advances can help generate precise, experimentally testable hypotheses and shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying associative memory and spatial navigation.
Revealing a hidden conducting state by manipulating the intracellular domains in KV10.1 exposes the coupling between two gating mechanisms
Authors: Abdelaziz Reham , Tomczak Adam P. , Neef Andreas , Pardo Luis A.
Published: September 2023

The
KCNH
family of potassium channels serves relevant physiological functions in both excitable and non-excitable cells, reflected in the massive consequences of mutations or pharmacological manipulation of their function. This group of channels shares structural homology with other voltage-gated K
+
channels. Still, the mechanisms of gating in this family show significant differences with respect to the canonical electromechanical coupling in these molecules. In particular, the large intracellular domains of
KCNH
channels play a crucial role in gating that is still only partly understood. Using
KCNH1
(K
V
10.1) as a model, we have characterized the behavior of a series of modified channels that the current models could not explain. With electrophysiological and biochemical methods combined with mathematical modeling, we show that the behavior of the mutants can be explained by the uncovering of an open state that is not detectable in the wild type, is accessed from deep closed states, and reflects an intermediate step along the chain of events leading to channel opening. This allowed us to study gating steps prior to opening, which, for example, explain the mechanism of gating inhibition by Ca
2+
-Calmodulin, and generate a gating model that describes the characteristic features of
KCNH
channels gating.
Perfil y rol del implementador del Sistema de Acreditación en Salud de Chile: estudio exploratorio cualitativo
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina, Avendaño Espinoza Natalia
Published: September 2023

Chile ha implementado desde el año 2009 un sistema que evalúa aspectos de calidad en sus servicios de salud, para ello cuenta con distintos perfiles que participan en el proceso. Sin embargo, solo uno de ellos, el implementador, no cuenta con un perfil definido desde la superintendencia de salud. Esta ausencia de genera una variabilidad importante de líderes, lo que se podría traducir en dificultades para implementar el proceso. El objetivo de la investigación era establecer cuál es la precepción entre los referentes del sistema nacional de acreditación en salud, sobre lo que deberían ser las competencias idóneas sobre el rol y responsabilidades que asume el implementador de este sistema y de paso identificar las barreras y facilitadores en el ejercicio de su rol. La metodología de la investigación que se utilizó fue exploratoria cualitativa e incluyó a actores claves del proceso de centros de salud de atención abierta y cerrada del país a quienes se entrevistó mediante preguntas semiestructuradas, para luego analizar sus respuestas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las habilidades blandas son fundamentales para el implementador, el que además debe poseer estudios formales y experiencia clínica. Las barreras más importantes son la ausencia de presupuesto y el desconocimiento del proceso, mientras que los facilitadores son el compromiso directivo y la forma en que se estructura el centro. Por ello se hace necesario que los líderes de los establecimientos conozcan sus limitaciones y accedan a lineamientos generales para poder intentar adecuarse a ese estándar y lograr seguridad asistencial.
Identificación de necesidades de capacitación de los enfermeros clínicos universitarios de una unidad coronaria
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina, Venegas Labra Nicolás
Published: September 2023

Antecedentes: Los constantes cambios de la cardiología han generado modificaciones en el cuidado de los pacientes con patologías cardiovasculares, por lo que, las unidades que reciben a estos pacientes se han enfrentado a nuevos desafíos en su atención, pero también en la formación y capacitación de los profesionales que estén al cuidado de aquellos pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar las necesidades educativas de los enfermeros clínicos de una unidad coronaria Métodos: Estudio no experimental, descriptivo, con aplicación de cuestionario de necesidades educativas de enfermeros de unidad coronaria. Desarrollado por panel de expertos con 35 ítems (Evaluando 2 aspectos: relevancia y auto desempeño). La mayor prioridad, se les dio a los tópicos más relevantes y con menor auto desempeño, con lo que se obtuvo un listado priorizado de necesidades educativas. Resultados: Diez expertos participaron en la confección del cuestionario, el cuestionario fue respondido por 1 enfermeros universitarios (EU) que se desempeñan en labores clínica la unidad de cuidados coronarios (UCC) de Clínica las Condes (CLC) Los ítems de mayor prioridad fueron protocolos, normas propias de la unidad, planta física y principales servicios a de apoyo, shock cardiogénico, manejo de dispositivos tecnológicos y manejo del paciente COVID -19. Conclusiones: El uso de metodología que permitan identificar las necesidades educativas de profesionales de enfermería es un aporte al desarrollo de programas de capacitación más robustos y adaptables a su población y en ese contexto CANEP aparece como una herramienta válida para lograr este objetivo.
Contaminación ambiental: desarrollo de cáncer infantil, revisión de literatura tipo Scoping Review
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina, Ruiz-Tagle Cárcamo Macarena Belén
Published: September 2023

Introducción: La contaminación ambiental es un problema importante que afecta hoy a nuestro planeta, generando un desequilibrio en el ambiente y provocando efectos adversos en los seres vivos. La OMS destaca que el grupo etario más afectado en el mundo son niños menores de 5 años y adultos sobre 50 años, siendo la contaminación ambiental según la Agencia Internacional de Investigación en Cáncer uno de los principales factores cancerígenos para los seres humanos. En varios países el cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte en niños mayores de un año y la etiología está asociada a varios factores entre ellos factores ambientales, tales como la exposición a sustancias químicas, metales, radiaciones no ionizantes e ionizantes e incluso algunos medicamentos. Pregunta de Investigación: ¿Qué contaminantes ambientales se asocian al desarrollo de cáncer en la población infantil a nivel global? Objetivo: Identificar contaminantes ambientales de acuerdo a la evidencia disponible que se asocien al desarrollo de cáncer infantil a nivel global. Método: Se realiza una revisión de la literatura de tipo panorámica, utilizando como referencia la metodología PRISMA. Se utilizan términos MESH para la búsqueda, obteniendo la información necesaria y posteriormente se analizan los artículos encontrados. Resultados: Se obtiene un total de 357 artículos entre el año 2012 al 2022, de los cuales finalmente solo quedan 23 estudios que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión de acuerdo al prefijo PICOS para la investigación, a partir de los cuales se logra realizar el análisis. Discusión: La mayoría de los estudios apoyan que el riesgo de exposición a contaminantes ambientales principalmente en el periodo preconcepcional y durante el embarazo de la madre podría asociarse al riesgo de desollar cáncer infantil. Se demostró una asociación especialmente fuerte, revelando significancia estadística, como fue en el caso de: pesticidas, partículas ultrafinas, monóxido de carbono, diclorometano, óxido nitroso, benceno, humo de tabaco y arsénico. No obstante, a pesar de que hay estudios significativos, aún existen varios que lo contradicen, por ende se hace necesario realizar más investigaciones. Conclusión: Existe asociación entre la exposición a contaminantes ambientales y el riesgo de desarrollo de cáncer infantil. Además es importante generar medidas preventivas evitando la exposición de la población infantil a este tipo de contaminantes.
Preventive and Healing Effects of the Total Aqueous Extract of the Trunk Bark of Zanthoxylum gilletii (De Wild.) P. G. Waterman (Rutaceae) on Gastric Acid Reflux and Non-reflux Induced Esophagitis in Rats
Authors: Jean-Baptiste Oussou N’Guessan , Bernard Goze Nomane , Hervé Ehilé Ehilé , Stéphane Grahouan Pizito , Léandre Kouakou Kouakou , Paul Yapo Angoué
Published: September 2023

Zanthozylum gilletii is a medicinal plant well known for its richness in phytochemicals and its use in Côte d’Ivoire in the traditional treatment of burns in esophagus. However, its bioactive anti-reflux and non-reflux oesophagitis potential has not yet been scientifically proven. This work aims at evaluating the preventive and curative anti-esophagitis potential of a total aqueous extract of Z. gilletii trunk bark (TAEZg) in rats. Thirty-six rats were subjected to 24 hours fast and divided into six groups of six rats each were used for each model of esophagitis induction, in particular the preventive model (acute, chronic, chronic exposure to naproxen followed by forced swimming test) and the healing model. Rats received as a pretreatment (preventive model) and treatment (healing model), TAEZg at 125, 250 and 500 mg / kg of body weight (b.w.) as well as omeprazole (preventive model) and misoprostol (healing model) at 30 and 0.012 mg / kg b.w respectively. As for the control groups, they received distilled water at 1 mL/ 100 g b.w. The animals were sacrificed by over dose of ether and then the ulcer macroscopic parameters (ulceration surface, ulceration index, scores and inhibition percentages) and gastric secretion parameters (gastric volume, gastric acidity and gastric pH) were assessed. Biochemical parameters such as total proteins and some oxidative stress parameters (Malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT)) were assessed. The results showed that pretreatment and treatment of rats with TAEZg at doses ranging from 125 to 500 mg / kg b.w significantly (P <0.001) and dose dependently reduced ulceration surface, ulceration index, gastric volume, gastric acidity, score and significantly (P <0.001) increase pH and inhibition percentage compared to control group 2. The inhibition percentages such as 93.71; 95.89; 91.03 and 98.20 % were recorded at 500 mg / kg in preventive model (acute, chronic and chronic exposure to naproxen followed by forced swimming test) and healing model respectively. Biochemical analysis showed a significant (P <0.001) increase in total protein, CAT levels and a significant decrease (P <0.001) in MDA level of the treated groups compared to the control group 2. In conclusion, TAEZg possessed a real preventive and healing anti-esophagitis effects in rats.
Factors associated with polymedication in elderly care in primary health care / Fatores associados à polifarmácia em idosos atendidos na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Eberhardt Emily da Silva
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados à polifarmácia em idosos atendidos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura realizada no mês de outubro de 2021. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, no idioma português e disponíveis na íntegra. Foram excluídos artigos repetidos, fora da temática e de revisão. Resultados: fizeram parte dessa revisão 18 artigos. Evidenciou-se que a polifarmácia é uma realidade entre os idosos brasileiros atendidos no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Observou-se associação com multimorbidade, sexo feminino, autopercepção negativa de saúde, classe econômica mais pobre, sobrepeso, fatores relativos às doenças crônicas e à fragilidade, não saber ler e escrever. Considerações finais: o conhecimento dos fatores associados a polifarmácia em idosos é importante para a reflexão de profissionais de saúde quanto à importância de identificar e monitorar os grupos de idosos mais vulneráveis.
Experiences and meanings of the harmful use of alcohol and other drugs /Vivências e sentidos do uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas
Authors: Barbosa Valeria Raquel Alcantara , Engstrom Elyne Montenegro
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: compreender os sentidos e as vivências de uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas, sob a ótica de usuários da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório, que entrevistou 13 participantes adultos nos meses de setembro a dezembro de 2019. A análise firmou-se nos aportes da análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin, resultando as categorias, perdas e fracasso na vida, culpa, dualismo vida e morte - das cinzas à fênix, recaída. Resultados: o uso de substâncias remete a perdas familiares, de moradia, trabalho, dignidade; a destruição, fracasso. A recaída denota falha, pecado; acarreta culpa, auto-estigma. O sofrimento trespassa as tentativas de buscar do cuidado; reverbera na perda do sentido da vida, no comportamento suicida ou na resiliência e esperança-equilibrista. Conclusão: a clínica ampliada deve valorizar a geografia afetiva dos usos e a redução de danos.
Emotional factors and hemodialysis: nursing and adherence of chronic kidney patientst / Fatores emocionais e hemodiálise: enfermagem e adesão dos pacientes renais crônicos
Authors: Santos Iarla , Carvalho Evelyne Ellene Alves de , Sousa Rayssa do Nascimento , Oliveira Aléxia Bezerra , Silva Deyce Danyelle Lopes , Alves Jhussara Silva
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: identificar a interferência de fatores emocionais na adesão de pacientes renais crônicos e a relevância da assistência de enfermagem para este enfrentamento. Método: de um estudo aplicado, de cunho descritivo, com natureza quantitativa, realizado com 138 indivíduos em tratamento hemodialítico no período de maio a julho de 2022. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado com sete questões abertas e fechadas. Resultados: ansiedade foi o sentimento mais comum ao realizar diálise 21,7%. Uma porcentagem de 66,7% dos participantes relatou um bom relacionamento com a equipe de enfermagem 72,5% dos participantes afirmaram que estão satisfeitos com os cuidados prestados pela equipe. Conclusão: pesquisa apontou que a equipe de enfermagem contribui para uma maior adesão dos pacientes renais crônicos através dos cuidados prestados, diminuindo os desgastes emocionais através do acolhimento e humanização.
A protein complex of LCN2, LOXL2 and MMP9 facilitates tumour metastasis in oesophageal cancer
Authors: Xia Qiaoxi , Du Zepeng , Chen Mantong , Zhou Xiao , Bai Wenjing , Zheng Xiaoqi , Lin Ling , Zhao Yan , Ding Jiyu , Wu Zhisheng , Zou Haiying , Wang Shaohong , Xu Liyan , Li Enmin , Wu Bingli
Published: September 2023

During malignant tumour development, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is usually abnormally regulated. Dysregulated expression of lysyl oxidase‐like 2 (LOXL2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) are associated with ECM remodelling. In this study, protein–protein interaction assays indicated that LCN2 and LOXL2 interactions and LCN2 and MMP9 interactions occurred both intracellularly and extracellularly, but interactions between LOXL2 and MMP9 only occurred intracellularly. The LCN2/LOXL2/MMP9 ternary complex promoted migration and invasion of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells, as well as tumour growth and malignant progression in vivo, while the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFOM) inhibited ESCC tumour growth. Co‐overexpression of LCN2, LOXL2 and MMP9 enhanced the ability of tumour cells to degrade fibronectin and Matrigel, increased the formation and extension of filopodia, and promoted the rearrangement of microfilaments through upregulation of profilin 1. In addition, the LCN2/LOXL2/MMP9 ternary complex promoted the expression of testican‐1 (SPOCK1), and abnormally activated the FAK/AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway. In summary, the LCN2/LOXL2/MMP9 ternary complex promoted the migration and invasion of cancer cells and malignant tumour progression through multiple mechanisms and could be a potential therapeutic target.
Geographies of Philanthropy
Authors: Sparke Matthew
Published: September 2023

Geographies of philanthropy matter because of the uneven economic distributions of wealth and poverty dictating where philanthropic funds flow from and to, and how these flows of funding across space are tied to diverse historical, developmental, legal, political, cultural, and digital geographies of philanthropy. Philanthropy ostensibly involves an inclusive impulse to care for others in general, manifesting in distinctly localized practices of gift‐giving, territorial outreach, and targeted intervention. Problems with philanthropy have always been geographical, related to who gets to envision the appropriate arenas of beneficence, what people and places merit concern, and where else is excluded. Economic geographies of philanthropy outline the macro‐economic spatial patterns of these divided philanthropic spaces. Microscale analyses reveal complex component “philanthroscapes” that further fragment the geographies of philanthropy in ways that both deterritorialize and reterritorialize contemporary arenas of philanthropic care.
Local and Regional Governance in China
Authors: Wang Xuefeng
Published: September 2023

Chinese local and regional governance involves the organization of administrative territories in what can be best described as a Russian‐doll‐style nested hierarchy of local states, while the term “region” has become merely a policy and/or planning notion since the economic reform in the late 1970s. The very structured administrative hierarchy is argued to be the fundamental element to understanding Chinese local and regional governance. The oscillation at different times between regionalism and localism in the international policy and academic debate did not prevail on its own in China either before or after economic reform. Even the original international meaning of the notion of governance is hardly applicable. The discourse of centralization and decentralization are not associated with moves between regionalism and localism but are better explained in terms of a shift from central state‐led to local state‐led developmentalism.
A Self‐Renewing Biomimetic Skeletal Muscle Construct Engineered using Induced Myogenic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Kim Inseon , Lee Seunghun S. , Ghosh Adhideb , Ferguson Stephen J. , Bar‐Nur Ori
Published: September 2023

Skeletal muscle represents a highly organized tissue that primarily regenerates by myogenic stem cells. Mimicking an in vitro skeletal muscle differentiation program that contains self‐renewing muscle stem cells and aligned myotubes is considered challenging. This study presents the engineering of a biomimetic muscle construct that can self‐regenerate and produce aligned myotubes using induced myogenic progenitor cells (iMPCs), a heterogeneous culture consisting of skeletal muscle stem, progenitor, and differentiated cells. Utilizing electrospinning, polycaprolactone (PCL) substrates are fabricated to facilitate iMPC‐differentiation into aligned myotubes by controlling PCL fiber orientation. Newly‐conceived constructs contain organized multinucleated myotubes alongside self‐renewing stem cells, whose differentiation capacity is augmented by Matrigel supplementation. Furthermore, this work utilizes single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) to demonstrate that iMPC‐derived constructs faithfully recapitulate a step‐wise myogenic differentiation program. Notably, when subjected to a damaging myonecrotic agent, self‐renewing stem cells rapidly differentiate into aligned myotubes within the constructs, akin to skeletal muscle repair in vivo. Finally, this study demonstrates that the iMPC derivation protocol can be adapted to engineer human myoblast‐derived muscle constructs containing aligned myotubes, showcasing potential for translational applicability. Taken together, this work reports a novel in vitro system that mirrors myogenic regeneration and skeletal muscle alignment for basic research and regenerative medicine.
Novel Diffusion‐Regulated Layering Methodology to Improve Blend Miscibility and Thermal Stability of Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Lee Chihyung , Jo Hyeon‐Yeong , Nam Minwoo , Hong Janghee , Kim Gyu‐Hee , Lee Hyun Hwi , Kim Jehan , Chang Rakwoo , Ko Doo‐Hyun
Published: September 2023

Extensive research on bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) optimization has advanced organic photovoltaics (OPVs). However, the need for research addressing the issue of morphological instability and ensuring long‐term durability remains a priority. Herein, a diffusion‐governed morphological modification methodology via a sequential deposition (SD) process comprising ternary components with low miscibility is demonstrated. Sequential coating of a high glass transition temperature (Tg) material and a host binary blend induces a concentration difference between successively coated layers, allowing for effective blending of immiscible materials during solvent evaporation. The enhanced miscibility of the SD‐processed BHJ layer facilitates molecular interactions between the high Tg material and the host materials, thereby increasing the Tg of the BHJ blend. The SD‐processed OPVs exhibit superior photovoltaic performance and suppressed glass transition under thermal stress compared to reference OPVs fabricated via a conventional method. After 500 h of thermal aging at 85 °C, the SD‐BHJ OPV retains over 80% of its initial efficiency, whereas the reference device shows a drastic drop to below 80% of its initial efficiency after only 80 h. This study provides a step toward efficient, long‐term stable OPVs by overcoming the limitations of blend miscibility and poor thermal durability of conventional BHJ systems via a SD process.