bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoção de saúde em comunidade escolar de Curitiba
Authors: Gomes Pacheco Ana Clara , Dos Santos do Nascimento Dariel Matheus , De Andrade Diego Felipe , Menegazzo Juan Pablo , Coelho Fernando Laysa , Linhares Stinglin Thamires , Cavazzani Skudelarek Ariani , Esmanhotto Gislaine
Published: February 2025

O presente projeto extensionista tem como objetivo promover a saúde em comunidades escolares de maneira continuada, de forma a transformar conhecimento adquirido em atitudes e comportamentos saudáveis de maneira autônoma e reflexiva, contribuindo para o alcance dos objetivos da OMS para o desenvolvimento sustentável através de ações educativas em saúde. Além disso, para os alunos graduandos, há o desenvolvimento de técnicas pedagógicas, competências para a intervenção e promoção à saúde comunitária, e habilidades como trabalho em equipe e liderança. Ademais, espera-se a responsabilidade de devolver à comunidade o conhecimento adquirido na universidade. As ações do projeto foram desenvolvidas pelos discentes do curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Federal do Paraná, através de atividades teórico/práticas e criativas no âmbito escolar para e com os alunos do primeiro ano do ensino médio do Colégio Estadual Guido Straube, com foco nos eixos vida ativa, alimentação saudável, educação sexual e saúde mental. Os adolescentes participaram das atividades de maneira ativa, avaliando eles mesmos a contribuição das atividades para o conhecimento por meio de uma escala quantitativa e qualitativa. Desse modo, foi possível observar o ganho do pensamento crítico e por parte dos estudantes do colégio, além da enriquecedora experiência em promoção e prevenção de saúde por parte dos graduandos do curso de Fisioterapia, ressaltando a importância de projetos que aproximem a universidade da comunidade.
Aproximando a universidade da comunidade: a experiência a partir de um curso de extensão de Língua Portuguesa para imigrantes e refugiados
Authors: Turcatti Alissa , Sperança Ana Caroline Cortes , Dos Santos Andressa Trilha , De Freitas Liélen Caroline Rodrigues , Balzan Carina Fior Postingher , Eckert Kleber
Published: February 2025

O presente relato de experiência descreve uma ação de extensão desenvolvida ao longo da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado - Projetos de Extensão do curso de Licenciatura em Letras do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) - Campus Bento Gonçalves. Na disciplina, os estudantes ministraram um Curso de Língua Portuguesa para imigrantes e refugiados no primeiro semestre de 2024, com foco no uso prático da Língua Portuguesa em situações de comunicação que fazem parte do cotidiano e que são relevantes para a integração desse público à cultura e à sociedade brasileira. O curso foi elaborado com base na perspectiva teórico-metodológica do ensino de Português como Língua de Acolhimento (PLAc), que considera o contexto de vulnerabilidade social em que os imigrantes e refugiados normalmente estão inseridos, além de entender o aprendizado da língua e da cultura como uma ferramenta essencial para a sobrevivência dessas pessoas em um novo país. Como resultados, observou-se o impacto positivo dessa ação de extensão tanto para os imigrantes quanto para os estudantes do curso de Letras, que tiveram a oportunidade de aplicar os conhecimentos construídos ao longo da formação acadêmica. Dessa forma, a experiência evidencia a importância das ações de extensão como uma ferramenta para efetivar o compromisso de transformação social assumido pelas universidades.
OPTIMIZACIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN MEDIANTE ANÁLISIS AUTOMATIZADO DE DATOS
Authors: Rodriguez Tobias I.
Published: February 2025

Esta investigación nace con el objetivo de poder obtener un mejor análisis de las distintas opciones que tiene una empresa para poder modificar el plan de producción en función de las piezas que va a tener disponible para la fecha a analizar. En este caso se utilizó la metodología de investigación experimental, ya que, para poder poner al flujo de datos de la empresa, se modificaron las variables independientes (piezas, stock, plan de producción) del sistema para poder observar que ocurría con las variables dependientes (producción real). Para poder lograr esta optimización se plantea el desarrollo de un flujo de datos automatizado el cual necesita 3 entradas fundamentales: la lista de piezas por catálogo o el Bill of Materials (BoM), las piezas que sabemos que no vamos a tener en stock y por último el plan de producción mensual. Al finalizar, el flujo nos va a devolver cuales son los catálogos/productos que podemos producir. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el uso del sistema de análisis de datos automatizado permite a la empresa tomar decisiones más agiles optimizando la producción
Prognostic and Predictive Factors for Uterine Sarcomas: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Avcı Fazıl , Özdemir Belma Gözde , Kulhan Mehmet , Bilgi Ahmet , Celik Cetin
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine the factors impacting recurrence and long-term survival in uterine sarcoma patients, recognizing the challenge due to histological diversity and lack of definitive treatment.
Methods: We reviewed data from uterine sarcoma patients treated from July 2010 to August 2021. Cases were divided into endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), and others (rhabdomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma), examining clinicopathological features, age, survival rates, and recurrence risk factors.
Results: In 43 patients (average age 59.1), most common symptom was vaginal bleeding. Majority were postmenopausal, with a breakdown of 65.1% ESS, 18.6% LMS, and 16.3% other sarcomas. Most (65.1%) were stage 1. Surgery was primarily via laparotomy (95.3%), with 79.1% receiving adjuvant therapy. Recurrence was 18.6%. Significant differences in survival rates were found across groups, with LMS significantly affecting survival and recurrence risk linked to tumor size and surgical stage. Five-year overall survival was 72.1%, and disease-free survival was 67.4%.
Conclusion: ESS is the most common uterine sarcoma, but LMS presents the worst prognosis. Tumor size and surgical stage are key to recurrence risk, highlighting the need for further study on adjuvant treatments.
Overview of Cryptosporidium spp.
Authors: Beder Duygu
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cryptosporidium spp., the causative agent of Cryptosporidiosis, is an obligate intracellular and extracytoplasmic protozoan. Cryptosporidium spp., emerges as a public health problem transmitted by contaminated water and food due to its features such as the widespread occurrence of oocysts in nature, low infective doses, ability to pass through the filters of treatment plants, resistance to disinfectants, and ability to survive in water and soil for months at appropriate humidity and temperature. Transmission to humans usually occurs through the fecal-oral route by ingestion of oocysts. However, endogenous auto-infection can ocur. Respiratory transmission has been reported. Cryptosporidium spp. infections may lead to serious life-threatening clinical conditions in children under two years of age and immunosuppressed patients. In order to prevent water and foodborne cryptosporidiosis outbreaks and protect public health, the causes of Cryptosporidium oocysts contaminating these resources should be determined, necessary precautions should be taken and combat methods should be determined. In this review, information on the life cycle, epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, protection, and control of Cryptosporidium spp. is presented.
The Effects of Complementary Alternative Methods in Labor on Fear of Birth, Birth Satisfaction, and Childbirth Perceptions
Authors: Karataş Okyay Esra , Barut Sümeyye
Published: February 2025

Aim: This research was conducted to compare the fear of birth, birth satisfaction, and childbirth perceptions of postpartum women using complementary alternative methods in labor.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 391 volunteer pregnant women at a university hospital in Türkiye. Data were collected in two stages: during pregnancy and at the end of delivery. A personal information form was completed by face-to-face interview at 37-41 weeks of pregnancy. At the end of delivery, the puerperants were contacted by telephone and questions about the complementary alternative methods they used in their deliveries, Traumatic Childbirth Perception Scale (TCPS), Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) Version B and Birth Satisfaction Scale-Short (BSS-S) Form were applied.
Results: 69.8% of women used complementary alternative methods during delivery. In the regression model, younger maternal age (OR:0.933), being a high school (OR:2.343) and university graduate (OR:2.165), moderate-income level (OR:7.259), being primiparous (OR:0.489), participation in prenatal education classes(OR:0.320), and receiving 4 or more prenatal care (OR:2.476) were determined to be the predictors of the use of complementary alternative methods at birth. İt was determined that the mean score of the W-DEQ Version B of those who used complementary alternative methods was significantly lower than those who did not use complementary alternative methods (p=0.024) and the mean score of the BSS-R was significantly higher (p
Breastfeeding Myths and Influencing Factors in Married Women
Authors: Öztürk Özen Derya , Demirtaş Alpsalaz Süheyla
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims: Breastfeeding myths in married women are thoughts and beliefs without any scientific basis that prevent full breastfeeding, especially in the first six months of life. To determine breastfeeding myths and influencing factors in married women.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between May 1 and July 1, 2024, at XXX University Research and Application Hospital Polyclinics. The study included 576 married women over the age of 18 who applied to the polyclinics for any reason, were literate, and volunteered to participate. Data were collected using a "Descriptive Information Form" and the "Breastfeeding Myths Scale (BMS)." Permission was obtained from the XXX University Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee (Date: 20.03.2024; Decision No: 12/21).
Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.30±14.10 years. Of the women, 30.9% were between the ages of 25-34, 24.8% were high school graduates, 62.9% were unemployed, and 70.8% were from nuclear families. Additionally, 38.4% had three or more children, 27.4% had vaginal deliveries, 74% had breastfeeding experience, and 45.7% received support while breastfeeding. The mean BMS score was 81.64±21.62. Socio-demographic and obstetric variables such as age, educational status, employment status, perceived income status, number of pregnancies, number of living children, number of live births, number of vaginal deliveries, and breastfeeding experience significantly affected breastfeeding myths (p0.05).
Conclusion: The study found that married women have breastfeeding myths, although their level of belief in these myths is low. Sociodemographic and obstetric variables such as age, educational status, number of live births, number of vaginal deliveries, and breastfeeding experience significantly affect breastfeeding myths. It is recommended to raise awareness among married women about breastfeeding myths and their potential harms.
Preventable Cause of Vision Loss: Demographic and Clinical Findings of Penetrating Eye Injuries
Authors: Tınkır Kayıtmazbatır Emine , Amer Nur Elhuda , Karpuz Hatice Sümeyye , Karakaş Emine , Yiğit Hanife , Üçbaş Hafize , Daş Cihan , Acar Meliha Beyza , Aygördü Emine , Ölmez Aybüke , Ünler Ahmet Emircan , Boz Furkan , Eryılmaz Eren
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background/Aims: To raise awareness about the preventability of penetrating eye injuries and to contribute to the implementation of appropriate protective measures by identifying the causes and risk factors of such injuries.
Methods: Approval was obtained from the Local Ethics Committee of Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine for the study (12.03.2024, 2024/155). The files of patients who applied to the Department of Ophthalmology due to penetrating eye injury and underwent repair for penetrating eye injury between 2019-2023 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients' age, gender, the location where the trauma occurred, the incident causing the injury, the presence of a foreign body in the eye after the injury, and the need for repeated surgeries were examined, and the follow-up periods of the patients were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 22.0, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results: A total of 107 patient files were included in the study. The most common trauma location was outdoor/garden/street at 41.12% (n=44), followed by workplace at 25.23% (n=27) and home at 23.36% (n=25). Among the causes of trauma, metal objects were the leading cause at 23.36% (n=25), followed by natural objects at 14.95% (n=16), and cutting/piercing tools at 11.21% (n=12). The most frequent injuries were corneal injuries (n=43, 40.19%). Thirty-seven patients required additional surgery, with the most common second surgery being cataract surgery (n=22, 20.56%). A foreign body inside the eye was detected in 24 patients.
Conclusions: Penetrating eye injuries are a significant cause of preventable vision loss. Public education, raising awareness, early intervention methods, and encouraging the use of protective equipment are critically important in preventing these injuries.
Keywords: eye health, penetrating eye injuries, preventable vision loss, protective eyewear
Early clinical results of intracoxygeal impar ganglion block for patients with persistent posttraumatic coccydynia
Authors: Gedikbaş Mete , Sobay Utkan , Eren Mehmet Burtaç
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims: Coxadini is a painful disease of the vertebral apex whose most common aetiological cause is direct-indirect trauma. While in acute cases cure is usually achieved with conservative treatment, in persistent cases interventional treatment methods come to the fore. Injections are often used when there is no response to conservative treatment. Injections can be given either directly into the posterior coccygeal region under fluoroscopic guidance or into the precoccygeal region. The most commonly favoured precoccygeal block is the impar ganglion block. In our study, we aimed to analyse the pain and sleep quality of patients who had undergone ganglion impar blockade at the end of the one-year follow-up.
Material and Methods: Patients who presented with coxadinia between October 2019 and April 2021 were retrospectively analysed. Patients who did not respond to conservative treatment, were over 18 years of age at the time of the procedure, had symptoms that persisted for more than 6 months and agreed to participate in the study were included in the study. The VAS, SF-36 and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index measurements recorded at the first examination of the patients were analysed. All patients were called in for a final follow-up 12 months after the injection and the VAS, SF-36 and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index assessments were repeated.
Results: 20 patients (17F / 3M) were included in our study. The mean age of my patients at the time of intervention was 41.05 ± 11.27. The mean time from symptom onset to intervention was 22.25 ± 17.06 weeks. There was a significant decrease in VAS scores, and significant improvement in SF-36 subcategories and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores. (p < 0.001)
Conclusion: Ganglion impar injection is a treatment method that can help relieve pain, improve sleep quality and daily-life functions in cases that do not respond to medical treatment and lifestyle changes
Prognostic value of systemic immune-inflammatory index in hospitalized adolescent COVID-19 patients
Authors: Çağlar Hanife Tuğçe , Pekcan Sevgi , Ünal Gökçen , Ercan Fatih , Yılmaz Aslı İmran , Metin Ozge , Gençeli Mustafa , Özdemir Mehmet , Ayman Fatma Nur , Savaş Suat , Tokdemir Bahar Ece
Published: February 2025

Background: A new parameter called systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), which is based on neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet count, is used to examine the inflammatory and immune status of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of SII in adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19 and to compare SII with other biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin (Alb) ratio, D-dimer, lactate and NLR.
Methods: The medical records of hospitalized adolescent COVID-19 patients between April 1, 2020, and March 31, 2022, were retrospectively reviewed. A cut-off value for SII was obtained to examine the predictive value of SII for intensive care unit (ICU) admission as the primary outcome.
Results: A total of 177 patients with a mean age of 165.89 ± 26.60 months were included in the study. 97 (54.8%) of the patients were male. The most common presenting symptom was fever (n:102, 57.6%). Median (IQR) SII was 799 (951), lactate 1.9 (1.53), NLR 10.19 ± 6.77 and CRP/Alb ratio 1.55 (2.61). The cut-off value for SII in predicting ICU admission was ≥1111 (sensitivity, 78.6%; specificity, 75.2%; +likelihood ratio, (3.32); -likelihood ratio, 0.30; AUC:0.768) (p 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a high SII during hospitalization is associated with an increased likelihood of ICU admission in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Although additional studies are needed to confirm and validate these findings, the evidence of this study supports SII is a valuable prognostic predictor of hospitilized patients with COVID-19.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Features, Functional Impairment and Hopelessness in Medical Students: The Mediating Role of Depression
Authors: Aydın Esat Fahri , Şenel Oğuzhan , Özağaçhanlı Ceren
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims: We aimed to assess the associations of hopelessness, functional impairment, depression, anxiety, stress, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) features in medical students.

Methods: The Sheehan Disability Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), OCPD subscale of Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF-OCPD) were administered to the participants.

Results: The study included 164 medical students. 29.88% (n=49) of the medical students showed hopelessness (BHS scores ≥9). SDS work/school score (p
Retrograde Pedal Artery Access versus Conventional Common Femoral Artery Access in Isolated Superficial Femoral Artery Lesions
Authors: Cingöz Mehmet , Erdim Çağrı , Arslan Mustafa Fatih , Dablan Ali , Türksayar Oğuzhan , Güzelbey Tevfik
Published: February 2025

Aim: The current study compared the efficacy and safety of retrograde pedal artery (PA) access versus conventional common femoral artery (CFA) access in managing isolated superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusions or severe stenoses.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 34 patients treated between June 2020 and November 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups: 12 patients with PA access and 22 with CFA access. Technical success, complication rates, stent usage, procedure duration, and radiation doses were analyzed.
Results: Technical success was achieved in 92.8% of the patients in the PA access group and 84% of the CFA access group (p = 0.636). Complications at the access site were significantly lower in the PA access group, with no hematomas or pseudoaneurysms observed, while both hematomas (32%) and pseudoaneurysms (16%) were noted in the CFA group (p = 0.033). Stent usage was similar between the two groups (21.4% PA vs. 28% CFA, p = 0.721). Median procedure durations were 43 minutes (IQR 27.5–59) for PA and 47 minutes (IQR 29–64) for CFA (p = 0.446). Median total air kerma dose was 280 mGy (IQR 166.5–326.75) for PA and 225 mGy (IQR 145–489) for CFA (p = 0.826).
Conclusions: Retrograde PA access is a viable and safe alternative to CFA access, particularly for patients with complex femoral anatomy, offering similar efficacy with fewer access site complications.
Advancing Surgical Outcomes in Extremity Vascular Trauma: Insights from Clinical Experience
Authors: Orhan Atilla , Demirtaş Mücahit Tahsin
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background: Extremity trauma is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality, comprising up to 70% of trauma admissions. Vascular injuries associated with extremity trauma pose significant challenges, as delays in diagnosis may lead to acute limb ischemia, compartment syndrome, and limb loss. Timely diagnosis and surgical intervention are essential for optimizing patient outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 85 patients with vascular extremity trauma treated at a tertiary care hospital from 2018 to 2023. Patients with isolated soft tissue injuries or chronic injuries were excluded. Data on demographics, injury mechanisms, clinical presentations, diagnostic imaging, surgical interventions, and outcomes were collected. Primary outcomes included limb salvage and mortality rates, while secondary outcomes evaluated complications and functional recovery.

Results: The cohort had a mean age of 33.7 years, with a predominance of male patients (87.1%). Lower extremity injuries were the most common, with gunshot wounds as the leading cause (31.8%). Most (90.6%) presented within 6 hours of injury, and 55.3% exhibited hemodynamic instability. In 91.8% of cases, surgical intervention was required, predominantly involving interposition vein grafting and primary repairs. Limb salvage was achieved in 92.9% of patients, though 15.3% experienced complications, primarily ischemia and necrosis. The rate of iatrogenic trauma was significantly higher in hemodynamically stable patients (18.4% vs. 4.3%, p=0.007).

Conclusion: Early surgical intervention in extremity trauma is crucial for high limb salvage rates and favorable outcomes. Despite a notable complication rate, timely management can mitigate adverse effects. Future studies should focus on improving long-term functional outcomes and developing comprehensive rehabilitation protocols tailored to extremity trauma patients.
Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and specific gene rearrangements: a genetic approach
Authors: Bayrak Tokaç Ayşe Gül , Dağlar Aday Aynur
Published: February 2025

Eosinophils are granular leukocytes derived from a pluripotent stem cell in the bone marrow. An increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood and/or tissues requires a multifaceted clinical approach. It is important to determine the cause of the increase in order to make a correct diagnosis. Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and specific gene fusions involve abnormal tyrosine kinase or cytokine receptor activity. Due to the similarity and heterogeneity of clinical findings, there may be diagnostic confusion in this group of diseases. Confirmation of the diagnosis is possible with genetic testing. This article briefly summarises the genetic approach to myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions.
Comparison of histopathological findings and flap survival following 4 different dermal filler material induced vascular occlusion.
Authors: Buhsem Ömer , Koyuncu Ahmet , Oltulu Pembe , Zuhour Mouth , İnce Bilsev
Published: February 2025

Aim: This experimental study was designed to comparatively evaluate the damage, histopathological findings and flap necrosis rates due to vascular occlusion caused by intraarterial injection of dermal fillers calcium hydroxylapatite, polycaprolactone, agarose gel, hyaluronic acid and serum physiologique.

Material and Methods: Study was conducted using 120 rats, 100 of 120 rats were divided into 5 groups, 0.02 ml of 4 different dermal fillers and serum physiologique were injected into the both side inferior epigastric arteries, 40 arteries were used in each group. For each group, samples taken from 8 vessels for histopathological examination at 0 hour, 1 hour, at 3 hours, at 24 hours, and at 1 week. Degeneration-necrosis, inflammation, fibroblast and collagen densities in the intima and media layers of the vessels, the presence of thrombus in the vessels, the presence of edema, PMNL, lymphocyte, mast cell, macrophage and eosinophil percentages and the presence of calcification were evaluated. The remaining 20 rats, 40 flaps created in both sides nourished by the inferior epigastric arteries were also divided into 5 different injection groups to create artery occlusion and used for the evaluation of flap necrosis rates 1 week after injection .

Results:
There was a statistically significant difference in percentage of flap necrosis value between the groups. Post-HOC showed that the difference was due to the HA group which has higher necrosis percentage. It was observed that thrombus filling the whole lumen was higher in the HA group compared to the other groups at all hours and in the first week. When intima and media degenerations, were examined there was a statistically significant difference at all times and in all groups and significant difference at certain times when examine distribution of PMNL, lymphocyte, mast, and macrophage. When eosinophil measurement, inflammation, fibroblast densities and collagen densities, edema and calcification findings were evaluated, no significant difference was found between the groups

Conclusion:
It was concluded that besides statistically significant histopathological differences between each fillers within the artery, in particular, the hyaluronic acid group caused thrombus, which completely occluded the lumen, significantly more than the other groups, and accordingly, the flap necrosis rate was significantly higher than the non-HA filler groups. This result highlighted the importance of antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy especially in hyaluronic acid fillers.
Protocolo de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico de pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes em unidade de terapia intensiva: revisão de escopo
Authors: Santiago Rodrigo Texeira , Soler Orenzio , Prete Ana Cristina Lo , Ribeiro Carolina Heitmann Mares Azevedo
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Mapear as evidências sobre o uso de protocolos de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico em pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs). Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão de Escopo. Utilizou-se o Prisma-ScR com base no acrônimo PCC; onde Participantes (P) = Pacientes internados em uso de anticoagulantes; Conceito (C) = Protocolo farmacoterapêutico; Contexto (C) = Unidade de terapia intensiva. Resultados: Indicam que os protocolos contribuem para a melhora na gestão da terapia antitrombótica, redução de complicações como eventos hemorrágicos e otimização de doses. Conclusão: Infere-se que a utilização de protocolos de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico em pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) demonstra benefícios quanto aos desfechos clínicos; entretanto, há lacunas quanto aos desfechos humanísticos e econômicos.
Simulação computacional do controlador PID com Preditor Smith de fluxo em processo industrial
Authors: Santos Dener Martins dos , Silva Samuel Justino da , Felipe Junior Paulo
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a eficácia de controle de processo industrial com atraso de transporte através de um controlador PID com o Preditor Smith; aplicado em sistemas incertos através do software Simulink. A escolha do controlador PID residiu no fato de ser de fácil adaptabilidade a diferentes processos industriais. O desenvolvimento se deu por implementar e simular um sistema de malha aberta e posteriormente o controlador PID e o Preditor Smith em sistemas por um estimador de malha fechada para compensar as incertezas do modelo. O modelo proposto considerou apenas o valor nominal constante do retardo de transporte. Também se criou o código C/C++ a partir do diagrama de blocos do controle PID com preditor de Smith para implementação embarcada. Os resultados indicaram que em todos os casos simulados a combinação do controlador PID com preditor manteve a planta estável dentro das especificações de desempenho desejadas. Quando o valor do atraso foi +10% e +20% o sistema ficou sensível ao atraso de transporte, podendo inclusive tornar-se totalmente instável.
Mental suffering and empathy in Brazilian medical students during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wendt Juliana da Rosa , Negretto Amanda Lorenzi , Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz , Pohl Hildegard Hedwig
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Graduation in Medicine is a key moment for the formation of doctors’ personal and professional profiles. The COVID-19 pandemic had a deep impact on health and medical education. Objective: To study the social vulnerability, lifestyle, mental suffering, and empathy elements in Brazilian medical students during the pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between October 2021 and March 2022, with 238 medical students. The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSE), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and profile questions were applied. Results: Predominance of female (52.9%), white (74.4%) and young (mean age 23.3 years) respondents, that did not consider themselves belonging (51.2%) to vulnerable population groups (black people, native people, rural inhabitants, inhabitants of favelas, immigrants/refugees, people with disabilities or LGBTQIA+). 42.4% had psychiatric diagnoses, mostly anxiety (66.3% of the diagnoses) and depression (61.3%). Average score in DASS-21 was 21.98, with higher scores in women (p = 0.047) and LGBTQIA+ (p <0.001). Most students presented stress (70.6%), depression (53.4%), and anxiety (52.5%) above normal levels, with greater severity for stress symptoms among vulnerable population groups (p = 0.036). Overall average score in JSE was 105.95, with higher scores in women (p = 0.007) and vulnerable populations (p=0.04). There were no statistically significant correlations of the empathy scores with the other variables. Conclusion: The participating medical students showed several social vulnerability elements, relevant mental suffering and illness, and empathy at fair to good levels. Empathy, in this study, was associated only with gender and belonging to vulnerable populations.
GERAKAN SADAR STUNTING: MENUJU MASA DEPAN INDONESIA BERKUALITAS
Authors: Angelina Monica , Siswadi  , Setiawan Aris
Published: February 2025

Gerakan Sadar Stunting: Menuju Masa Depan Indonesia Berkualitas adalah sebuah program pengabdian masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang bahaya stunting dan pentingnya pemenuhan gizi anak sejak dini. Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan serius yang dapat menghambat perkembangan fisik dan kognitif anak, serta berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa depan. Program ini melibatkan berbagai kegiatan, seperti sosialisasi, edukasi gizi, dan pelatihan untuk masyarakat dan keluarga, khususnya pada ibu hamil dan keluarga dengan anak balita. Melalui pendekatan partisipatif dan kolaborasi dengan tenaga kesehatan, diharapkan gerakan ini mampu meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai stunting dan mendorong perubahan perilaku menuju pola hidup sehat. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang stunting, serta kepedulian yang lebih besar terhadap kesehatan anak dan pentingnya gizi seimbang.
PENGUATAN INFRASTRUKTUR DAN EDUKASI MASYARAKAT DESA PUNGGUR KECIL MENUJU MASYARAKAT YANG BERPENDIDIKAN, KREATIF, DAN INOVATIF
Authors: Iwande Fransiskus Paskha , Rizal Maulana Filani , Ariffin Muchammad
Published: February 2025

Desa Punggur Kecil memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan sosial dan ekonomi, namun terhambat oleh infrastruktur yang kurang memadai dan akses pendidikan yang terbatas, yang menghalangi kreativitas dan inovasi masyarakat. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan memperbaiki infrastruktur desa dan memberikan edukasi partisipatif yang mendorong pola pikir kreatif dan inovatif. Program ini melalui empat tahap utama: identifikasi kebutuhan, perbaikan infrastruktur, edukasi partisipatif, serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Identifikasi kebutuhan dilakukan dengan survei dan diskusi dengan tokoh masyarakat untuk menentukan prioritas intervensi. Perbaikan infrastruktur difokuskan pada pembenahan fasilitas umum dan sarana ekonomi sosial, dengan partisipasi aktif masyarakat. Edukasi partisipatif dilakukan melalui lokakarya dan pelatihan untuk mengembangkan keterampilan kewirausahaan, pengolahan produk lokal, dan pentingnya pendidikan. Hasil program menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam aksesibilitas, aktivitas ekonomi, dan keterampilan masyarakat. Peningkatan infrastruktur mempermudah distribusi hasil pertanian dan memperkuat ikatan sosial, sementara edukasi menumbuhkan inisiatif kewirausahaan dan pola pikir inovatif. Monitoring dan evaluasi program menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih mandiri, berpendidikan, dan berdaya saing, memberikan dampak berkelanjutan dan memperkuat kapasitas Desa Punggur Kecil dalam menghadapi tantangan masa depan.
De nomine rhythmi. Aspetti di un escerto mitografico fra etimologia, musica e metrica
Authors: Pizzotti Andrea
Published: February 2025

L’articolo propone, a partire da un’analisi dettagliata dei contenuti mitologici esposti nel decimo capitolo del cosiddetto Fragmentum Censorini (= Nikokrates, FGrHist e BNJ2 376 F 4), una nuova contestualizzazione dell’estratto in seno alla dottrina musicale-metrica pseudocensoriniana.
Ariation in chemical composition of seeds of Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) from different agro-climatic zones of Gujarat
Authors: Gupta P. , Tripathi Y. , Rathore Mala
Published: February 2025

Neem fruits were collected from eight agro-climatic zones of Gujarat State and the samples were analysed for variation in physical constants, viz., seed index and kernel to seed ratio and chemical constituents, viz., fatty oil content and azadirachtin content. Method was optimised for quantitative determination of azadirachtin content in neem seed kernels using High Performance Liquid Chromatographic system. The azadirachtin content was determined in neem seed kernel using this optimised method.
Editorial
Authors: Saravia Gómez Amarilis
Published: February 2025

Las condiciones socioeconómicas que han prevalecido en el país desde su independencia han incidido indirecta mente en la incapacidad de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC) para responder activamente a la solución de proble mas prioritarios, consolidándose un proceso sostenido de dependencia, que únicamente beneficia a sectores minoritarios del país. La actividad fundamental de la USAC se ha orientado hacia la docencia, siendo de reciente creación las actividades de servicio e investigación.
El énfasis en la docencia ha relegado la investigación a un nivel mínimo, por lo que se ha integrado sistemáticamente a los procesos docentes y de servicio, llegándose a creer que la investigación es una actividad que responde al interés personal y es independiente de la labor que como responsable de la enseñanza superior, le corresponde a la comunidad universitaria.
La investigación en la Facultad ha respondido a un plan general que conduce a la ejecución de proyectos prioritarios aplicándose las políticas de investigación existentes de una manera práctica y acorde con la realidad de la Facultad, la Universidad y el País.
Estandarización de medios de cultivo in vitro de Giardia Lamblia
Authors: Castilla G. Calderón , Ríos V. Matta
Published: February 2025

Hasta la fecha el diagnóstico de la giardiasis se realiza por la demostración de quistes y trofozoítos del parásito en las heces de pacientes sintomáticos y asintomáticos, sin embargo la sensibilidad de estas técnicas depende de la experiencia del observador, del tiempo empleado en cada observación y la cantidad de quistes excretados.
El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar la efectivi dad del medio TYI-S-33 modificación de Diamond's para el cultivo in vitro de Giardia lamblia. El contar con el cultivo de este parásito permitirá la producción de antígenos que serán utilizados al implementar nuevas técnicas diagnósticas de la infección y determinar la presencia de anticuerpos específicos en pacientes sintomáticos y asintomáticos. De obtener resultados favorables se podrá utilizar este método en estudios clínicos y epidemiológicos.
Se colectaron muestras de heces fecales frescas que presentaron más de 6 quistes por campo (40x) de Giardia lamblia, cada muestra se purificó, con agua destilada se concentraron los quistes, los que posteriormente fueron desenquistador. Los trofozoítos obtenidos se inocularon en el medio TYI-S-33 modificación de Diamond’s y se incubaron a 37°C.
Se demostró que las técnicas de purificación, concentración y desenquistamiento son efectivas, fáciles de llevar a cabo y reproducibles (tablas 1, 2 y 3) mientras que el medio TYI-S-33 modificación de Diamond’s bajo las condiciones que se efectuó el estudio demostró no ser efectivo para cultivar el parásito (tabla 4).
Se recomiendan estudios posteriores, para poder evaluar la efectividad del medio TYI-S-33 modificación de Diamond’s para cultivar Giardia lamblia el cual permitirá la producción de antígenos que serán utilizados para implementar nuevas técnicas diagnósticas de la infección y determinar la presencia de anticuerpos específicos en pacientes asintomáticos y sintomáticos.
Detección de anticuerpos contra el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), en estudiantes universitarios de egreso que asisten a examen a la unidad de salud de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
Authors: Meneses M. , Castellanos J.A.
Published: February 2025

Se determinó la prevalencia de anticuerpos contra el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana en 500 estudiantes uni versitarios de egreso provenientes de diferentes facultades de la Universidad de San Carlos, que asistieron a efectuarse el examen de salud en el periodo de octubre a noviembre 1993 y de enero a marzo de 1994.
 
Las muestras fueron obtenidas en forma voluntaria y con fidencial, incluyéndose estudiantes de ambos sexos compren didos entre las edades de 20 a 40 años. Se excluyó del estudio únicamente a los estudiantes que no aceptaron realizarse la prueba.
 
Para la determinación se utilizó el método de ELISA Recombinant VIH-1 de primera generación (Abbot).
 
Los sueros reactivos fueron repetidos dos veces más: una utilizando la prueba de ELISA de la misma casa comercial y la otra utilizando el método de SEROD1A. Se encontró que 6 sueros fueron reactivos por el método de ELISA.
 
A los estudiantes a los que se encontró positividad, se les volvió a citar para hacerles una nueva extracción y compro bar la positividad mediante la prueba de Western Blot. Los resultados finales fueron los siguientes: 2 sueros fueron posi tivos con esta prueba, 1 se encontró indeterminado, 1 se encontró negativo y los 2 últimos estudiantes no aceptaron sujetarse a una nueva extracción, por lo que puede concluirse que de los 50Ü sueros analizados 2 son positivos y tienen el virus. Ambos Estudiantes son de sexo masculino.
Estudio comparativo entre dos métodos para cuantificar guaifenesina en jarabe expectorante simple
Authors: Campos Esdras E. , Amézquita Aracely de León
Published: February 2025

En la presente investigación fue desarrollado y validado el método de cuantificación de Guaifenesina en jarabe simple por Cromatografía en Capa Fina y Espectrofotometría UV, con el fin de contar con una técnica alternativa de análisis que fuera útil en laboratorios que no contaran con un Cromatógrafo Liquido. Para dicho propósi to se realizaron ocho soluciones patrón de guaifenesina en un rango de concentración de 40 a 58 ug/mL para compro bar la ley de Beer. Para lo cual se aplicó Regresión Lineal y se trabajó con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Asimismo, la técnica por CCF/Espectr.UV fue comparada con la técnica oficial de análisis de la USP 2 3  (HPLC), por medio de la cuantificación del principio activo en un lote piloto de concentración conocida, realizando 2Ü determinaciones por técnica. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó "t* pareada y estadística descriptiva.
 
En los resultados de la cuantificación del lote piloto de jarabe de guaifenesina, por el método de HPLC se encontró una media e 102.51 mg/5 mL, con dos desviaciones estándar de 4.38 y un coeficiente de variación de 2.14%. En el método por CCF/Espectr.UV se obtuvo una media de 100.27 mg/t mL, dos desviaciones estándar de 6.94 y u n Coeficiente de variación de 3.46%. También se obtuvo una media de las diferencias de 2.44 y una desviación estándar de 3.07, una " tM pareada de 3.55 con una "t” teórica de 2.09.
 
Los resultados indican que la técnica por CCF/ Espectr.UV permite la identificación y cuantificación de guaifenesina en jarabe con una precisión aceptable (un C.V. menor d e  5%). Sin embargo, esta técnica n o  sustituye ni en precisión ni en exactitud al método por HPLC.
 
Se recomienda aplicar la técnica por CCF/Espectr.UV en otras formas farmacéuticas de guaifenesina, así como en otros principios activos.
Composición química de la carnes de animales silvestres de consumo humano en la aldea Uaxactún, Petén.
Authors: Cordón Karla , Salazar de Ariza Julieta
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo se realizó con el propósito de determinar la composición química, la frecuencia de consumo, la parte anatómica más consumida y la preparación en que mas se consumen ias carnes de animales silvestres. Para la determinación de prácticas de consumo de la carne de animales silvestres, se utilizó la técnica de grupos focales. Se determinó que el consumo de este tipo de animales es muy variado du rante todo el año, pues la cacería depende de las condiciones climáticas, tiempos de cultivo y cosecha de productos agrícolas y temporadas de extracción de productos no maderables.
 
Los animales silvestres que más se consumen en la aldea son: tepezcuintle, faisán, coche de monte, jabalí, venado, cabro, armadillo y cojoíita; la parte anatómica consumida es todo el músculo esquelético; las visceras e intestinos son alimento para los perros que participan en la cacería. Las formas de preparación de las carnes de animales silvestres son: adobado, sudado, asado, ahumado y frito.
 
El análisis químico proximal se realizó en muestras de carnes preparadas de la forma usual para la aldea Uaxactún, Peten; en ellas se determinó proteína, húmedad, grasa, crema, y materia seca total. La energía y los carbohidratos se calcularon mediante fórmulas matemáticas. Se cuantificó calcio, fósforo, potasio, magnesio, manganeso, hierro, cobre y zinc por espectrofotometría por absorción atómica.
Adaptación de la grafica de la "Olla familiar", a tres comunidades de San Juan Ermia, Chiquimula, Guatemala
Authors: Diéguez Meza Kathereine
Published: February 2025

Como una forma de mejorar el servicio educativo, alimentario-nutricional en las comunidades de Chancó Corral de Piedra, y Salitrón, que son beneficiarías del Instituto Benson, se vio la necesidad de adaptar la gráfica de la "Olla Familiar" nutricional. La gráfica fue elaborada por la Comisión Nacional de Guías Alimentarias (CONGA), haciendo uso de los alimentos de mayor consumo y disponibilidad.
 
Para e l estudio se determinó consumo, disponibilidad y acceso de alimentos e n las comunidades en estudio, para luego realizar ia gráfica. El tipo de estudio fue descriptivo transversal. Para determinar la muestra se tomaron los cuatro puntos cardinales según la metodología recomendada por CONGA.
Evaluación del estado nutricional de los niños beneficiarios de los desayunos escolares de tres comunidades de San Juan la Ermita, Chiquimula
Authors: Diéguez Meza Kathereine , Rodríguez G. Iris G. , Salazar D. Sandra L.
Published: February 2025

En este estudio se evaluó el estado nutricional de los niños que reciben los desayunos escolares en cuatro escuelas de las comunidades de Salitrón, Cor-ral de Piedras y San Francisco Chancó, de marzo de 1998 de 1999.
El tipo de estudio fue cuasi-experimental con diseño de series cronológicas, realizándose cuatro mediciones. La primera sirvió de control y se realizó antes de implementar los desayunos escolares, la segunda y tercera se hicieron ya con el desayuno implementado. La última se realizó después del período de vacaciones, para establecer comparaciones entre las mediciones, para determinar lo que sucedería sí se deja de brindar los desayunos escolares.
Los datos se tabularon y analizaron utilizando el standard de la NCHS y el programa EPI INFO6, usando os indicadores de peso para talla, talla para edad y peso para edad.
Las interferencias analíticas en las pruebas bioquímicas en el laboratorio clínico
Authors: Valdés de García Alba Marina
Published: February 2025

La Interferencia analítica es definida como el efecto que tienen los medicamentos, y/o sus metabolitos, compuestos químicos o factores físicos sobre alguna de las etapas de la determinación analítica de cualquier componente de interés clínico, produciendo cambios medibles del componente analizado durante el ensayo (2).
Uno de los problemas más importantes y que se presenta en el laboratorio clínico, son los resultados «anormales» que se obtienen en las muestras de al gunos pacientes y que no pueden ser correlacionados con los criterios médicos.
Indudablemente esto causa desconcierto y falta de confiabilidad en el médico tratante hacia el laboratorio, esto con lleva al retraso en un diagnóstico adecuado y que prolonga el tratamiento y ei control terapéutico del paciente. Cuando estos pacientes son remitidos a otro u otros laboratorios, es probable que los resultados sean incongruentes con el primero y que tampoco coincidan con la clínica.
Por lo tanto, la desconfianza del médico hacia am bos laboratorios se consolida, haciendo pensar que los resultados anormales son debido a errores causados por falta de control de calidad. La situación aquí plan teada hace que revista de importancia la implementación de programas de garantía de calidad en los laboratorios, para que se logre detectar rápida mente, los resultados no esperados y que son produ cidos por inte ríe rentes.
La inteligencia artificial en la educación superior
Authors: Rodriguez Acosta Mario Augusto
Published: February 2025

El desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial (AI) ha generado gran cantidad de estudios e investigaciones sobre su aplicación en el campo educativo. El artículo analiza los usos y sus resultados, así como los desafíos que presenta y los conflictos que genera. En primer lugar, se explica la historia de la inteligencia artificial, desde su creación, en qué consiste y cómo se está utilizando. Posteriormente se profundiza en cómo la educación adopta dichas tecnologías y las incorpora como parte de sus procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, observando el impacto que provoca en la transformación del aprendizaje. En segundo lugar, se analizan las características del proceso, sus ventajas y desventajas y cómo la utilización de las aplicaciones educativas tiene implicaciones en la reproducción social del conocimiento. Luego, se concluye que, el uso de la tecnología y específicamente la incorporación de la inteligencia artificial en el aula, implica una disrupción en la educación superior de manera radical, pero aún no se evalúa de manera concluyente el impacto que esto genera en el largo plazo para los sistemas educativos en su conjunto. Este artículo busca la comprensión del desarrollo tecnológico, su adaptación en los procesos educativos, especialmente de aquellos vinculados a la inteligencia artificial
Dosificación de fenobarbital y difenilhidantoina en pacientes referidos al centro de información y asistencia toxicológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia
Authors: Quiñonez de Padilla A.L. , Pardo de Chavez M.A.
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio abarca el análisis de los resulta dos de las dosificaciones realizadas durante 1987 y 1988 de fenobarbital y difenilhidantoína a través del Centro de Información y Asistencia Toxicológica, -CIAT-, de la Facultad de Cíencias Químicas y Farmacia, encontrándose que de los 508 lisis realizados solamente un 18.2% de los pacientes para fenobarbital y un 46% para difenilhidantoína, presentaban concentraciones correspondientes al rango normal.
Con estos datos se confirmó que los controles de los niveles sanguíneos se hacen necesarios para lograr adecuar la dosis a cada paciente y con esta individualización llegar a obtener los beneficios terapéuticos deseados.