bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
5 W single-stage nanosecond Er3+-doped fluoride fiber amplifier operating at 2.78 µm
Authors: Bernier Martin , Perry-Auger Quentin , Leonov Stanislav , Zhang Daiying , Kraemer Darren , Vallée Réal
Published: December 2024

We report a single-stage 100 µm core Er3+-doped fluoride fiber amplifier operating at 2.78 µm that delivers 5 W of average power and 1 mJ of pulse energy with 1.8 ns pulses at 5 kHz repetition rate.
100 W High Efficiency 2.1 µm Ho3+-Doped Triple Clad Fiber Laser Cladding-Pumped at 1.9 µm
Authors: Dalloz Nicolas , Louot Christophe , Ibach Thierry , Barnini Alexandre , Lablonde Laurent , Mélin Gilles , Audo Kevin , Robin Thierry , Cadier Benoît , Hildenbrand-Dhollande Anne
Published: December 2024

We report on a high efficiency triple clad Ho3+-doped fiber laser emitting 100 W at 2119 nm, cladding-pumped at 1940 nm thanks to a triple clad fiber combiner specifically developed for this laser source.
261 W average power, 1.75 mJ pulse energy femtosecond CPA system based on a 49 core Ytterbium-doped fiber
Authors: Klenke A. , Bahri M. , Jauregui C. , Nold J. , Haarlammert N. , Schreiber T. , Limpert J.
Published: December 2024

We present a coherently-combined multicore fiber-based ultrafast laser system emitting up to 261 W average power and 1.75 mJ energy pulses with 330 fs duration at 148 kHz repetition rate.
High-Power Fiber-Laser-Driven Frequency Conversion from the MIR to the XUV
Authors: Gaida Christian , Heuermann Tobias , Hilbert Vinzenz , Tschernajew Maxim , Heilmann Anke , Breitkopf Sven , Eidam Tino , Limpert Jens
Published: December 2024

We present recent developments in high-power fiber-laser-driven frequency conversion allowing for imaging and spectroscopy applications at unprecedented measurement speeds.
TR-ARPES end-station pumped by a mid-IR high repetition rate OPA at ALLS.
Authors: Jargot G. , Longa A. , Armanno D. , Parent J.M , Frimpong B. , Légaré F. , Boschini F.
Published: December 2024

The Advanced Laser Light source (ALLS) laboratory provides high-repetition-rate ultrashort light pulses based on ytterbium laser technology. Recently, we have developed a novel time-and-angle-resolved photoemission (TR-ARPES) end-station to explore rapid electron dynamics in quantum materials under intense optical excitation in the near- and mir-infrared range. These intense pulses, generated using our in-house-built optical parametric amplifier (OPA) ranging from 1.6 to 8 µm with a duration of around 100 fs, are fully characterized using the FROSt technique.
MWIR Generation Through Frequency Doubling of a 100 ns Duration, Low Repetition Rate CO2 Laser in Orientation Patterned GaAs, CdGeAs2, ZnGeP2 and AgGaSe2 Crystals
Authors: Carpenter Amelia , Martinez Alán , Murray Joel , Zawilski Kevin , Schunemann Peter G. , Guha Shekhar
Published: December 2024

Frequency doubling of 100 ns duration CO2 laser operating at 9.271 μm is demonstrated for the first time in an OPGaAs crystal. Performance relative to other state of the art nonlinear crystals is studied.
Improved effective thermal conductivity of DFC-PowerChip fabricated by il-SAB
Authors: Sato Yoichi , Kausas Arvydas , Taira Takunori
Published: December 2024

Thermal resistance between bonded surfaces in composite media fabricated by inter-layer surface activated bonding (il-SAB) is negligible. It indicates 10-W/mK thermal conductivity of YAG can be enhanced over 27.9-W/mK using DFC-PowerChip by il-SAB.
Upconversion Pumped Tm3+:KY3F10 Channeled Waveguide Laser at 2.3 μm and 1.9 μm
Authors: Ince Faik Derya , Morova Yagiz , Tonelli Mauro , Sennaroglu Alphan
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate, for the first time, a femtosecond laser written Tm3+:KY3F10 waveguide laser at 2.3 μm in continuous-wave regime and at 1.9 µm in continuous-wave and passively Q-switched regimes by upconversion pumping at 1064 nm.
Speckle-learned Regression of Orbital Angular Momentum Superpositions
Authors: Sharma Chayanika , Raskatla Venugopal , Kumar Vijay
Published: December 2024

The coefficients of the orbital angular momentum modes in a superposition state are determined using the machine learning regression technique. Instead of directly utilizing modal intensity images, their corresponding speckle patterns are employed.
Liquid lens-based Pulse Compressor for Ultrafast Laser Optimization in Temporal Focusing Microscopy
Authors: Lee Cheng-Yu , Chang Chia-Yuan
Published: December 2024

The optical dispersion broadens laser pulse width of ultrafast lasers and reduces peak power. This study develops liquid lens compressor to compensate dispersion to restore laser pulse width and improve temporal focusing microscopy performance.
Temperature Dependence of Phase-Matched Nonlinear Frequency Conversion in CdGeAs2
Authors: Kato Kiyoshi , Miyata Kentaro , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2024

Temperature-dependent phase-matching conditions in CdGeAs2 are studied for second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation of a CO2 laser operating at 10.5910 μm by varying the crystal temperature in the 20–140°C range.
Ultra-High-Definition Diffractive Optical Elements for Wide-Angle Structured-Light Patterns to Profilometric Applications
Authors: Hsu Wei-Feng , Chang Ko-Lun
Published: December 2024

This paper presented the pincushion correction, design calculations, and manufacture of the DOEs containing 4840 × 4840 pixels to project the wide-angle ultra-high-definition structured-light patterns. The artificial effect resulted from pincushion correction was successfully eliminated.
Nanohardness and Optical Damage Studies of CdSe
Authors: Exner Ginka , Carpenter Amelia , Cissner Kevin , Hildenbrand-Dhollande Anne , Schmitt Stephan , Grigorov Aleksandar , Piotrowski Marcin , Guha Shekhar , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2024

Nanohardness, Young’s modulus and optical damage threshold measurements are performed on randomly oriented samples of CdSe. Surface damage is studied at 1550, 2053, and 9569 nm using nanosecond pulses and different experimental conditions.
Prediction of Accurate Phase-Matching Conditions for Mixed Chalcopyrite AgGa1–xInxS2
Authors: Kato Kiyoshi , Miyata Kentaro , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2024

Phase-matching conditions for AgGa1–
x
In
x
S2 having different In contents (x = 0, 0.14, 0.54) are investigated along with the theoretical index model based on a new set of Sellmeier equations for AgGaS2 and AgInS2.
An Optical Fiber Cladding Light Stripper with a Backscattering Level of <0.1%
Authors: Kim Jihwan , Woo Taeho , Choi Jaehak , Kwon Suh-young , Lee Ju Han
Published: December 2024

A cladding light stripper based on 10/125 μm LMA DCF was designed and fabricated with a configuration of alternating chemically etched and unetched sections. A ~21-dB cladding attenuation and a <0.1% backward scattering level was achieved.
Simulation-Based Process for Characterization of Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fibers used in Supercontinuum Generation
Authors: Rosses John , Torres Salvador , Pérez-Milán Pere , Cascante Jaime
Published: December 2024

A two-step simulation approach for characterizing hexagonal photonic crystal fibers is presented, examining key parameters for supercontinuum generation. The simulation enables a customized supercontinuum design targeting specific short wavelength.
Simultaneous Upconversion and Spectral Phase Control in Gas-Filled Fibers
Authors: Zhang Hao , Sun Linshan , Hirschman Jack , Belli Federico , Carbajo Sergio
Published: December 2024

We explore balancing spectral phase transfer efficiency and spectral phase mapping via four-wave mixing in gas-filled hollow-core fibers for applications in high-power lightwave shaping.
Initiation mechanisms of femtosecond laser-induced microscale structures on aluminum
Authors: Park Taehoon , Kim Yong-dae , Lee Hyo Soo , Lee Hai Joong , Kang Jeongjin , Cho Jongweon , Hwang Taek Yong
Published: December 2024

By irradiating femtosecond pulses to the surface of Al, we found that the re-deposition of ablated particles would initiate the formation of microscale laser-induced surface structures growing above the surface level rather than hydrodynamical processes.
Ablation efficiency improvement through ultrafast pulse repetition rate scaling
Authors: Repgen Paul , Laçin Mesut , Maghsoudi Amirhossein , Ilday Fatih Ömer
Published: December 2024

Ultrafast single-pulse material ablation provides supreme precision but suffers severely from low process efficiencies. Increases in the repetition rate with simultaneous reductions of the pulse energy offer significant rises in ablation efficiency as the process is carried on in the ablation-cooled ultrafast removal regime. We present a tenfold gain in ablation efficiency compared to conventional single-pulse processing and a sixfold increase over previously reported results by increasing the repetition rate to 50 GHz.
Structured Laser Beam Based on Ray Tracing Model
Authors: Zheng X. L. , Chen Y. F.
Published: December 2024

Using ray tracing models based on geometric optics, the equivalent cavity length difference caused by birefringent crystals can be accurately quantified, revealing the emergence of the Lissajous structured laser beam.
Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Ceramic-Metal Clad Beds Via Laser Speckles and Support Vector Regression
Authors: Youssef Doaa , Al-Sayed Samar Reda
Published: December 2024

This study presents a new optical imaging system based on laser speckles and machine learning regression to quantify the surface roughness, a critical parameter for surface properties evaluation, of composite clad beds on titanium specimens.
Assessment of surface and edge quality in femtosecond laser cutting of glass in KOH
Authors: Chandra Harish , Marla Deepak
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the influence of KOH as an ambient media for efficient cutting of glass samples using a femtosecond laser and found that the surface quality can be enhanced with minimal burrs.
Reference Data Augmentation with Phase Retrieval against Axial Misalignment for Laser Speckle Authentication
Authors: Naka Jumpei , Kitano Kazuya , Ishiyama Rui , Funatomi Takuya , Mukaigawa Yasuhiro
Published: December 2024

This study proposes a method to enhance the robustness of laser speckle authentication against axial misalignment by using speckle patterns captured at different distances and augmenting the reference data through phase retrieval, mitigating accuracy degradation.
Polarization tunability at the interface of Lithium Niobate Crystal: Impact of Optical Axis Rotation
Authors: Sain Priyank , Talabattula Srinivas
Published: December 2024

We calculate the phase difference between ordinary and extraordinary polarized wave under total internal reflection for different orientations of the optical axis and at different wavelengths, and find out the condition for circular polarization in the totally reflected light.
A very-high-order 2D Hermite-Gaussian mode laser
Authors: Sheng Quan , Geng Jingni , Fu Shijie , Shi Wei , Yao Jianquan , Omatsu Takashige
Published: December 2024

Selective ultra-high-order two-dimensional (2D) Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode output up to HG86,95, including over 10,000 different single HG modes, is realized by simply introducing astigmatism to the cavity of an off-axis pumped Nd:YVO4 laser to suppress the competition from the one-dimensional HG modes.
Modeling and Optimization of In-band Pumped Ho:YAG Lasers for High-Power Operation
Authors: Tomilov Sergei , Loiko Pavel , Eremeev Kirill , Ono-Suzuki Anna , Redkin Mykyta , Braud Alain , Camy Patrice , Saraceno Clara J.
Published: December 2024

We report on a spectroscopic investigation and a rate-equation model for predicting the performance of high-power in-band pumped Ho:YAG lasers accounting for energy-transfer upconversion. This model is validated experimentally by developing a multi-Watt Ho:YAG bulk oscillator.
Development status of the petawatt laser of ELI ALPS
Authors: Nagymihály Roland S. , Pajer Viktor , Lehotai Levente , Bohus János , Tari Balázs , Börzsönyi Ádám , Falcoz Franck , Bussiere Benoit , Paul Pierre-Mary , Varjú Katalin , Szabó Gábor , Kalashnikov Mikhail
Published: December 2024

We investigate high rep-rate operation and spatio-spectral challenges in the petawatt laser of ELI ALPS. User readiness, next steps and potential issues of development towards the final 2 PW 17 fs output are also discussed.
Diode-Pumped Ho:YAG Thin-Disk Laser for Energetic Pulse Generation in the 2 µm Wavelength Range
Authors: Koshiba Yuya , Mužík Jiří , Fajstavr Antonín , Malecová Sabina , Smrž Martin , Mocek Tomáš
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate a highly stable Ho:YAG thin-disk Q-switched laser with direct in-band diode pumping, generating 5.3-mJ, 2.09-µm nanosecond pulses with peak power of 18 kW in single mode. Cavity-dumped regime results will also be reported.
Novel Ultrafast THz Radiation Source Based on Yb Femtosecond Oscillator
Authors: Li Qian , Tian Wenlong , Tian Xuan , Min Zuoqi , Wang Geyang , Yu Yang , Wei Zhiyi , Zhu Jiangfeng
Published: December 2024

A novel ultrafast THz radiation source was experimentally demonstrated. We used a Yb-doped all-solid-state femtosecond oscillator with 20 W average power to pump GaP crystal. An average power of 192 μW terahertz radiation was generated.
Synthesis of circularly-polarized THz vortex by direct optical rectification of infrared vortex beams
Authors: Liu Yaqun , Pasiskevicius Valdas
Published: December 2024

A circularly-polarized THz vortex was generated using field synthesis in optical rectification of two interfering near-infrared delayed vortices. Two-dimensional electro-optic imaging and terahertz polarimetry techniques were employed for frequency-resolved THz field amplitude and phase characterization.
Sub-2 ps, Watt-level χ(2)-lens mode-locked Nd:LuVO4 laser
Authors: Iliev Hristo , Aleksandrov Veselin , Petrov Valentin , Petrov Lyuben S. , Zhang Huaijin , Yu Haohai , Buchvarov Ivan
Published: December 2024

χ(2)-lens mode-locking of an in-band pumped Nd:LuVO4 laser using a PPKTP crystal for phase-mismatched SHG is demonstrated, achieving pulses as short as 1.6 and 7.5 ps at average powers of 0.7 and 4.6 W, respectively.
Single Optical Frequency Comb Line Extracted by Fiber Brillouin Amplification
Authors: Xiong Yatan , Zhou Jiaqi , Feng Yan
Published: December 2024

The extraction and amplification of a single optical frequency comb line up to 1.2 W via fiber Brillouin amplification is demonstrated. Phase and intensity noise performance of the scheme is detailly investigated.
Stable, High-Power and Tunable Visible Laser System Seeded by Gain Managed Nonlinear Fiber Amplifier
Authors: Shiri Abbas , Lu Brittany , Wernsing Keith , Carbajo Sergio
Published: December 2024

We present the design and simulation of a nonlinear pulsed laser system, tunable across 1010-1180 nm with an average power of above 4 Watts. The seed source is a gain managed nonlinear fiber amplifier.
Development of fiber rod type high repetition rate and average power femtosecond laser system based on FCPA
Authors: Pimpė Jokūbas , Banys Jonas , Armalytė Simona , Jarutis Vygandas , Vengelis Julius
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate an ytterbium-doped rod type LMA photonic crystal fiber amplifier system emitting excellent beam quality, high repetition rate (76 MHz) and average output power (80 W) pulses with nearly transform limited duration of 112 fs and pulse energy around 1 μJ. A comprehensive investigation of optimal conditions for maximum amplification conditions is performed.
Phase- and group-locked vector solitons in a femtosecond mode-locked Ho-laser
Authors: Chen Weidong , Lin Zhang-Lang , Griebner Uwe , Murray Robert T. , Mateos Xavier , Loiko Pavel , Pan Zhongben , Zhang Ge , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2024

Group-velocity locked vector solitons are observed in a mode-locked femtosecond solid-state laser at ~2 μm. Under certain conditions, stable phase-locking of the two polarizations occurs in the soliton regime: a phase- and group-locked vector soliton.
Nonlinear pulse amplification in an erbium-doped fiber laser system
Authors: Ren Guoqi , Eilanlou A. Amani , Ito Yusuke , Sugita Naohiko , Iwasaki Atsushi
Published: December 2024

We report nonlinear pulse amplification in a 50.47 MHz erbium-doped fiber master oscillator power amplifier up to 3 W of output power using a narrowband laser oscillator yielding a compressed pulse duration of 1.2 ps.
Generation of high-power 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th harmonics of 1064 nm with a 1.5 kW polarization-maintaining, continuous-wave Yb-doped fiber laser
Authors: Ter-Mikirtychev Vartan V. , Kearns Nicholas M. , Cheeney Joseph E. , Kalinowski Matthew N. , Schumacher Jens , Loiacono Dominic N.
Published: December 2024

A 1.5kW polarization-maintaining CW fiber laser produced 860W of 532nm, 220W of 355nm, 16W of 266nm, and 0.4W of 213nm with M2≤1.45 and high stability. Fiber coupling and intensity modulation of the harmonics has been demonstrated.
Ho:YAG Slab Amplifier for Ultra-short-pulse Laser Processing of Infrared Optical Materials
Authors: Groult Lucas , Sanwell Jake , van Abeelen Tara , Dzipalski Adrian , Carter Richard M , Hand Duncan P , Esser M J Daniel
Published: December 2024

A bespoke ultra-short-pulse seed laser is amplified by an in-house developed Ho:YAG pre-amplifier and Ho:YAG thin-slab main amplifier to micro-Joule energies at 23 MHz, aimed at non-linear material processing of infrared optical materials.
In-situ observations of surfaces in laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Nagato Keisuke
Published: December 2024

In this study, an in-situ observation of the sample surface during laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) was performed. The parameter choices for satisfying the functional requirements of L-PBF, such as laser power, scan speed, and spot diameter, are numerous and a bottleneck is created by the long cycle time required to prototype and evaluate test pieces. To overcome this problem, we developed two methods: high-speed observation of flying particles and one-shot observation of the surface geometry. These methods shortened the evaluation times for the mechanical properties and three-dimensional structures, respectively.
Phase-Randomizing Absorber for Terahertz Wave using Metal-coated Spirulina Microcoils
Authors: Otani Chiko , Iyoda Tomokazu , Kurahashi Naoki , Satoh Gouki , Machida Kazuo , Kobori Yuji , Koide Masahiro , Ohki Toshichika
Published: December 2024

We have developed a terahertz (THz) wave absorber with phase-randomizing capability using metal-plated microcoils from Spirulina algae dispersed in polystyrene foam. Temporal reflection waveforms by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) exhibited multiple pulses, demonstrating the phase-randomizing effect.
Yb:YAG Fiber, Disk and DFC Hybrid Amplifier for DFG THz generation
Authors: Yoshida Mitsuhiro , Zhang Rui , Zhou Xiangyu , Kausas Arvydas , Ishizuki Hideki , Taira Takunori
Published: December 2024

The PPMgLN is currently best candidate for intense THz generation using both of the DFG and chirp and delay method. Yb disk and DFC(Distributed Face Cooling) laser are developed for the two wavelength laser or chirped pulsed laser for the DFC and chirp and delay respectively.
Nuclear Reactor Maintenance Using Pulsed Lasers and Applications of Laser Ultrasonic to Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Yamamoto Setsu
Published: December 2024

Ensuring stable energy supply requires maintaining power plant integrity and stable manufacturing capabilities. This study discusses high-power pulsed laser peening and laser ultrasonics systems and their applications.
Recent Progress of Laser-Induced Periodic Nanodot Structures on Solid Material
Authors: Hashida Masaki , Kusaba Mitsuhiro , Sakagami Hitoshi
Published: December 2024

For silicon, titanium, and Al2O3, the nanodot structure produced on surface with short pulse laser at the irradiation fluence below melting threshold. The interspace of nanodot structure was approximately the laser wavelength. The tip size of nanodot was much smaller than the irradiated laser wavelength.
Fan-out, fiber-coupled, focal-plane array of detectors for Laser Ionization Diagnosis in the TCABR Tokamak and validation of plasma density models
Authors: Wetter Niklaus U. , Albuquerque Fernando A. F. , Severo José Helder F. , Canal Gustavo P.
Published: December 2024

Brazil's Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation is launching a National Program for Nuclear Fusion, including the construction of a National Fusion Laboratory. The program features an advanced Laser Ionization Diagnosis system for accurate plasma neutral density measurement.
Advances of Laser-driven Neutron Source and its applications at Osaka University
Authors: Yogo Akifumi
Published: December 2024

Laser-driven neutron source (LDNS) is attracting interest for several reasons including (i) compactness of the source, (ii) neutron pulse shortness and (iii) transportability of laser beam. Through reviewing recent activities, we discuss the potential and limit of LDNS by showing that neutrons ranging from meV to MeV in energy were generated by LDNS and applied to neutron analysis and fundamental science.
Analyzing the Effects of Interference on Various Automotive LIDAR Architectures
Authors: Esen Engin , Dowsett Keith A. , Daouda Zoulaiha , Heath Kamri , Gaylord Thomas K. , Valenta Christopher R.
Published: December 2024

Interference between autonomous vehicle LIDARs may produce unintended effects. This manuscript summarizes ongoing work to model interference effects on a variety of LIDAR architectures including pulsed time of flight and various methods of FMCW.
Deep Space Optical Communications Technology Demonstration
Authors: Biswas A. , Srinivasan M. , Allmaras J. , Alerstam E. , Velasco A. , Wollman E.
Published: December 2024

Space-to-ground high data-rate (6.25 to 267 Mb/s) deep space optical communications over distances of 0.2 to 2.7 astronomical units (AU) were demonstrated with a space payload hosted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Psyche Mission spacecraft, (launched, October 13, 2023), and ground assets. The system implementation and results are summarized.
Recent Trends of Space Laser Communications for Beyond 5G/6G Era
Authors: Toyoshima Morio
Published: December 2024

Research and development of Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) for Beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G are actively conducted. Space laser communications will be a solution to provide the high-capacity wireless communications network in B5G and 6G era.
Toward New Developments in Secure Free-Space Quantum Communication
Authors: Kato Kentaro
Published: December 2024

Quantum stream ciphers have the potential to provide secure free-space optical communication. Herein, the future directions of quantum stream ciphers are presented in terms of free-space communication
CO2 DIAL in the 2 μm Region Based on Efficient High Energy Parametric Conversion and Amplification
Authors: Dherbecourt Jean-Baptiste , Melkonian Jean-Michel , Raybaut Myriam
Published: December 2024

We report on first ground-based CO2 range resolved Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) experiments realized with the multi-species Lidar instrument LEMON based on an efficient and versatile OPO-OPA emitter architecture.
Extended Phase Measurement in Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Using Segmented Wavelength Bands
Authors: Kim Jaeheung , Lee Hwidon , Kim Chang-Seok
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a novel computational approach for multi-wavelength SS-OCT, optimizing wavelength band segmentation to achieve nanometer-scale phase measurements. This method extends the measurement range without altering the system configuration, surpassing conventional phase unwrapping technique.
Space-Grade Packaging of Photonic Integrated Circuits
Authors: Dostart Nathan , Gragossian Aram , Amzajerdian Farzin , Elhertani Randa , Lundgren Christin , Hines Glenn D. , Wilson F. Guy
Published: December 2024

We describe development of robust packaging of a silicon photonic optical transceiver suitable for survival and operation in space. We discuss design considerations and demonstrate negligible performance degradation during standard NASA environmental tests.
Relevance of the Rayleigh-Bénard model in studying optical turbulence
Authors: Avramov-Zamurovic Svetlana , Ferlic Nathaniel A. , Judd K. Peter
Published: December 2024

The Rayleigh-Bénard physical model generates well-defined optical turbulence. We demonstrate its characterization and use in various experimental studies, including phase retrieval, structured light, and optical communication systems.
Development of mid-infrared and visible pulsed solid-state lasers for Doppler wind lidar applications
Authors: Sato Atsushi
Published: December 2024

Solid-state lasers operating in the mid-infrared and visible wavelength regions have been investigated for Doppler wind lidar applications. In this paper, our recent results on the development of holmium and alexandrite lasers are presented.
2024 Photo Contest Winners
Authors: Wills Stewart
Published: December 2024

Congratulations to the winners of OPNs 19th annual After Image photo contest!
The role of a structured community health worker network in achieving malaria elimination goals in the Dominican Republic: An impact evaluation amid COVID-19 disruptions
Authors: Michelén Ströfer Nicole , Tejada Bueno Natalia , Santos Félix María Yinet , Cruz Raposo Jose Luis , Lana Justin T. , Turbé Valérian , Napier Harriet G. , Cohen Justin M.
Published: December 2024

Community health workers (CHWs) can play a key role in malaria elimination through expanding access to malaria testing and treatment. The Dominican Republic, a low endemic country committed to eliminate malaria by 2025, implemented a structured malaria CHW network in the three main urban foci of Greater Santo Domingo. This research quantifies the networks’ contributions towards malaria elimination from its implementation in 2019 until 2022. The study highlights the impact of COVID-19 disruptions on CHWs’ performance and explores the network’s ability to bounce back from health systems’ shocks. The performance of the malaria CHW network was evaluated using weekly data collected from CHWs and routinely collected surveillance data from the Ministry of Public Health (MoH). We assess performance of CHWs by analyzing key variables including (1) reporting compliance, (2) household visitation rates, (3) malaria rapid diagnostic tests performed, (4) malaria cases detected, and (5) time between symptom onset and malaria diagnosis. To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the network, CHW’s performance indicators are evaluated across three time periods (prior to, during, and after COVID-19 interruptions). Over the evaluation period, reported malaria cases in study foci decreased from 1,243 cases in 2019 to 6 cases in 2022. CHWs diagnosed and treated over 43% of malaria cases in study foci before COVID-19 interruptions and 14% during interruptions. 83% of cases detected by CHWs were detected through active case detection, with 17% detected passively. CHWs detected malaria cases and initiated treatment 1.5 days earlier than health facilities and MoH personnel performing active case detection. This evaluation provides evidence that a structured CHW network with clearly defined responsibilities and management protocol can help curb local malaria transmission. It adds to a growing body of research on the feasibility and benefits of CHW-led proactive household visitation.
Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol
Authors: Chirambo Evans Chimayi , Chiumia Francis Kachidza , Nkhoma Dumisani , Mitambo Collins , Odeo Sharon , Khomani Patience , Chibwe Innocent , Matchado Simon , Matchere Pacharo , Chiweza Beatrice , Mwenyekonde Elled , Kampira Elizabeth , Makala Happy
Published: December 2024

The threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Malawi is high with reported mortality of 19,300 annually, the 23rd highest age-standardised mortality. One of the drivers of AMR is misuse of antibiotics, a phenomenon that has not been adequately researched in Malawi. This study aims to investigate antimicrobial use using health facility, prescribing and patient indicators in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities. This will be a multiple cross-sectional study, which will collect data from facilities (22), prescriptions (660), and patients (303). Data will be collected using KoboToolbox v2021, and exported into Microsoft Excel version 2016 for cleaning and coding. Variables will be categorised according to the antimicrobial use indicators. The study will use STATA Version 14 statistical software for data analysis. Subsequently, facilities will be entered into ArcGIS Version 10.7.1 to map hotspots of irrational antimicrobial use. The study will run from October 2024 to June 2025. This study will provide detailed information on frequently used antimicrobials, the cost of antimicrobials relative to medicine budget, the intensity of exposure to antimicrobials, the availability of antimicrobials, patients’ understanding of antimicrobials use, and availability of important documents for antimicrobial use. Secondarily, the study will unravel the prevalence of irrational antimicrobial use, the main factors contributing to it, and location where irrational use is most prevalent. These findings will inform the national antimicrobial stewardship action plan, aiming to safeguard the available antimicrobials.
Paw pressure and gait in middle-aged client-owned cats with and without naturally-occurring musculoskeletal disease
Authors: Dowgray Nathalie , Comerford Eithne , German Alexander J. , Gardiner James , Pinchbeck Gina , Bates Karl T.
Published: December 2024

Musculoskeletal disease (MSD) is common in ageing cats, resulting in chronic pain and mobility impairment, but diagnosis can be challenging. We hypothesised that there would be differences between cats with and without MSD in paw pressure and spatiotemporal and kinetic gait metrics. A cohort of 53 cats, aged between 7 and 10 years from the North West of the United Kingdom, underwent an orthopaedic examination and walked on a pressure sensitive walkway. Thirty-one of the cats (58%) were determined to be apparently-healthy, based on a normal orthopaedic examination and having no history of MSD, whilst the remaining 22 cats (42%) had findings consistent with MSD; 13/22 cats (59%) had multiple limb involvement, 7/22 (32%) had forelimb involvement and 2/22 (9%) had hindlimb involvement. Bodyweight (P = 0.048) and body condition score (BCS; P = 0.015) were both greater in cats with MSD (mean bodyweight 5.4 ± 1.35 kg; median BCS 6, IQR 6–7.75) compared with apparently-healthy cats (mean bodyweight 4.7 ± 0.94 kg; median BCS 5, IQR 4.5–6.5). There was a relatively large intra-cat variation in spatiotemporal and kinetic gait variables (coefficient of variation >3.0%), whilst a linear mixed-effects model suggested no significant difference in spatiotemporal or kinetic gait variables between apparently-healthy cats and those with MSD. Palmar and plantar pressure asymmetry was assessed by pedobarographic statistical parametric mapping (pSPM) within each individual cat, with no significant difference (P = 0.353) between the apparently heathy cats and those with MSD as to the presence or absence of asymmetry. Given the marked intra-cat variation and the ‘multi-limb’ nature of MSD in this cohort, it was not possible to differentiate healthy cats from those with MSD based on spatiotemporal and kinetic gait metrics or paw pressure asymmetry. Future work should examine gait in cats with defined musculoskeletal disorders (e.g. hip dysplasia) and also to track longitudinal changes within individual cats to better establish age-related trends.
Starch to protein ratio and food moisture content influence water balance and urine supersaturation in cats
Authors: Gonçalves Tozato Maria Eduarda , de Souza Theodoro Stephanie , Warde Luis Leticia , Bassi Scarpim Lucas , da Cunha Costa Pablo , Judice Maria Ana Paula , Tadeu Pereira Gener , Cavalieri Carciofi Aulus
Published: December 2024

Two starch to protein ratios (high starch [HS], 25% starch and 36% protein; high protein [HP], 15% starch and 53% protein on DM basis) and two moisture contents (5%, dry kibbles; 80%, wet food) were compared in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement totaling 4 diets. Each diet was evaluated in 9 cats, with 8 d of total collection of urine and feces. Results were subjected to an analysis of variance of the effects of starch to protein ratio, moisture content and their interactions (P<0.05). Urine density was lower and volume was higher in cats fed wet foods (P<0.01). Calcium (Ca) urine concentration was higher for dry and HP diets (P<0.05). The oxalate urine concentration was 60% higher for cats fed both HS formulations (dry and wet; P<0.05). The relative supersaturation (RSS) of urine for calcium oxalate was higher for dry foods and HS formulations (P<0.01), and for struvite, it was lower for both wet foods, and among the dry diets, it was lower for the HS than for the HP formulation (P<0.01). Foods with a high protein-to-starch ratio reduced urine oxalate and RSS for calcium oxalate in wet and dry diets, and wet foods reduced RSS for calcium oxalate and struvite.
Alive but not real: Gestural lines and the ambiguous bodies of modern manga
Authors: Reis Henrique Teixeira
Published: December 2024

Considering character drawings as images that can be addressed not only in terms of representation of reality but also in terms of vitality and life, this paper aims to place them in a broader visual studies context to debate over the following question: Why do we experience these pictorial devices, this collection of lines, as being something more than just that? In other words, how can we develop a framework to understand these experiences taking into account not only character drawing’s relation with meaning and reality but also concepts such as sentience and agency? Making a case for character drawings’ paradoxical placement within western modernity as pictures that reappropriate drawing, from an act of explanation and argumentation to one of creation, it will follow and his account of the drawing activity in order to comprehend how its affordances may fuel the particular type of reception fostered by character drawings and defined by E. H. Gombrich (1984) in terms of life. Then, as an example of a particular tradition of drawing that indulges in this paradoxical nature, the paper will look to early modern manga artists such as Osamu Tezuka and how they engage with this illusion of life by employing gestural lines, allowing characters to exist as what defines as bodies that are both iconic and mortal. Finally, this paper aims to contribute to the visual studies field by highlighting possible approaches to this non-indexical image within a visual media context.
Draw-in as disobedient performances
Authors: Derman Özge
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a sociological analysis of the various drawing actions and experiences within two contemporary social movements, namely Occupy Wall Street (2011) in New York and the Gezi Movement (2013) in Istanbul. It introduces those actions as ‘draw-in’s, relating them to historical and contemporary acts of creative resistance such as the sit-in, die-in, bed-in and stand-in. The ‘drawing’, here referred to as ‘draw-in’, embraces an embodied act of disobedience as well, whether to visually illustrate the movement in question, or to criticize the authority, or to reveal the injustice, or to depict the experiences within the social movements. The question is to understand how different temporalities coexist through those experiences and experimentations from the gestural level of drawing performance to the ongoingness of the draw-ins. Despite their differences in terms of form, creative process and consequences, I argue that the draw-in actions are revealed as transformative acts in its both ephemeral and permanent forms. They illustrated and communicated these relatively contradictory temporal forms through the dynamics of form and flow. This article is based on my research on creative performativity and the fieldwork carried out between 2015 and 2022, both in Istanbul and New York.
Index of love and care: The home–studio as milieu for art practice, childcare and insubordination
Authors: Ruocco Assunta
Published: December 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, my home–studio became a space for both art and childcare. As an artist parent, unable to work independently when my 4-year-old daughter’s kindergarten closed, I initiated a project with Louise. With the aid of a scanner and digital printer, our drawings were produced through a series of interventions and exchanges, in a co-working relationship that involves not only humans but also the studio floor and a domestic digital printer to create our ongoing project ‘Index of love and care’. I delegated my artistic practice to Louise, asking her to complete and improve my drawings. Childcare was being performed, and my practice as well. The research question explored in this project report is: who, or what, was at work during our sessions of drawing and childcare in the home–studio? Rather than thinking of the home–studio as merely a container for furniture, materials, tools and machines, this project report seeks to introduce a new understanding of how the studio, as a spatial arrangement of things, plays a part in the activities it facilitates and does some of the work involved in art and childcare. In the light of this case study and drawing on the work of Karen Barad and Gilbert Simondon, I will consider the studio as a milieu where relationships between drawing, technology and childcare can be explored. In doing so, the nature of artistic labour and its relationship to reproduction will be questioned anew.
Trademark Belfast and workers’ education
Authors: Baker Stephen
Published: December 2024

This is a short report on the work of Trademark Belfast in the adult and workers’ education sector. Established during the ‘troubles’ in the north of Ireland to firefight sectarianism in the workplace, the organization has grown into a cooperative that now delivers education and training in a range of areas throughout Ireland, Britain and Europe. The review is based upon interviews with the Trademark team and gives an insight into the organization’s formation and pedagogy.
Interview with Rod Dixon
Authors: Daly Dermot
Published: December 2024

Dermot Daly discusses theatre, politics, class-based access and activism with Rod Dixon on the eve of his stepping down as the artistic director of Red Ladder Theatre Company.
Teoria da Mente e Desenvolvimento Sócio-cognitivo ao longo da Infância e Idade Pré-escolar
Authors: Martins Carla , Osório Ana , Macedo Ana
Published: December 2024

A Teoria da Mente constitui um marco no desenvolvimento sócio-cognitivo que emerge em idade pré-escolar e se traduz não só na capacidade para atribuir estados mentais - pensamentos, crenças e sentimentos - a si mesmo e aos outros, como também de prever e explicar o comportamento e pensamento dos outros por referência a esses mesmos estados mentais. Diferenças observadas ao nível da idade de aquisição da teoria da mente suscitaram o interesse científico para o estudo de eventuais facilitadores contextuais do desenvolvimento sócio-cognitivo na infância, destacando-se, entre eles, a segurança da vinculação, o discurso materno e a interacção com os irmãos. Uma questão que permanece em aberto é a da relação entre teoria da mente e desenvolvimento da linguagem. O autismo parece constituir um caso especial de ausência da teoria da mente.
Az IFRS-ekre áttért magyarországi vállalatok körének vizsgálata
Authors: Szekeres Alexandra , Orbán Ildikó , Tömöri Gergő
Published: December 2024

A kutatómunkánk során a vizsgált alapsokaságot két
csoportra bontottuk, amelyhez három, eszközökkel szoros
összefüggésben álló csoportosítási ismérvet, a magyar számviteli
szabályok szerint készített éves beszámoló adataiból számított
eszközszerkezeti és -kihasználási mutatókat választottunk. A
kiválasztásnál elsődleges szempont volt, hogy olyan csoportosítási
ismérveket használjunk, amelyek szoros összefüggésben állnak a
vállalati eredmény alakulásával, és emellett megfelelően jellemzik
a vállalatok tevékenységeit is. A befektetett eszközök aránya
mutató a vállalatok melléktevékenységeire utalnak, ugyanis az
magába foglalja a hosszú távú befektetési tevékenységre utaló
vagyonelemeket is. A készletek aránya mutató alkalmazását az
indokolta, hogy a forgóeszközök közül a készletek jellemzik
leginkább egy vállalat főtevékenységét, emiatt tekinthető a
készletek aránya egy tevékenységspecifikus tényezőnek. Ezen
túlmenően az eszközök forgási sebessége mutató használata mellett
döntöttünk, mert egyrészt ez a mutató fejezi ki azt, hogy milyen
hatékony az eszközök kihasználtsága, vagyis a vállalati vagyon
bevételgeneráló képessége, a bevétel pedig az eredmény
képződésének egyik kulcsfontosságú tényezője.
A EDUCAÇÁO HOLÍSTICA E A INTEGRALIDADE DO INDIVÍDUO NO PROCESSO FORMATIVO ESCOLAR:
Authors: Dos Santos Mari Avelino Souza , Neves Rogerio da Costa
Published: December 2024

Este artigo aborda a crescente valorização das competências não acadêmicas no processo educativo e a busca por uma abordagem holística na educação formal, que vai além da mera transmissão de conhecimentos cognitivos. A pesquisa teve origem no programa Fulbright Distinguished Awards in Teaching (Fulbright DAI), durante o qual educadores de diversos países compartilharam experiências e perspectivas sobre essa temática. O objetivo geral é avaliar o nível de prática e familiaridade desses educadores com a abordagem holística, utilizando um questionário semiestruturado. A metodologia adotada é qualitativa, com estudo bibliográfico exploratório para embasar teoricamente a pesquisa e aplicação do questionário a 13 educadores representando 10 países do programa Fulbright DAI. O artigo visa estimular reflexões sobre a integralidade no processo educacional, apresentando perspectivas internacionais que destacam a importância da escola na formação abrangente dos alunos. Percebemos que os educadores enfrentam barreiras para implementar mudanças significativas de forma a promover uma educação integral. No entanto, há o desejo da ressignificação da educação em seus contextos.
AMEFRICANIDADES NO ENSINO
Authors: Marques Quezia De Jesus Silva , Silva Maria Eduarda dos Santos de Sá da , Pedruzzi Alana da Neves
Published: December 2024

O machismo e o racismo constituem-se como duas das maiores problemáticas da sociedade brasileira contemporânea. Visto que a desconstrução dessas raízes machistas e racistas deve ocorrer principalmente pelo mecanismo educacional, foi realizada a promulgação das Leis n. 10.639/2003 e n. 11.645/2008, que dispõem de diretrizes que buscam inserir o ensino de culturas e histórias africana e indígena em sala de aula. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar a relevância da promoção da inclusão das "amefricanidades" no contexto educacional e as suas interações com a Educação Ambiental, compreendendo de que forma as problemáticas sociais apresentadas ainda são perpetuadas no ensino, apesar da legislação. Foi utilizada a metodologia da leitura imanente, revisando resultados produzidos por outros autores científicos, literários e legislações pertinentes. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que, na prática, a finalidade das Leis n. 10.639/2003, n. 11.645/2008 e n 9795/99 tem sido sonegada, o que obscurece qualquer pretensão de desconstrução da ideologia machista e racial no Brasil e prejudica a construção de uma educação ambiental antirracista e feminista. Concluiu-se a pesquisa indicando a nociva manutenção da política ideológica do branqueamento e a denegação do racismo, a qual precisa ser urgentemente revertida com vistas para a proteção dos valores sacramentados nas leis brasileiras, de igualdade e de respeito às diversidades de quaisquer naturezas.
EDUCAÇÃO SENSÍVEL A PARTIR DA CURRICULARIZAÇÃO DA EXTENSÃO
Authors: Pereira Rafael , Montiel Fabiana Celente
Published: December 2024

A partir dos resultados finais de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no ano de 2023, que investigou o processo de planejamento e implementação da curricularização da extensão no Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense (IFSul), este artigo apresenta anúncios de possíveis caminhos para um processo educacional mais humano, mediante uma concepção de extensão transformadora, construída por meio de diálogos com o autor Paulo Freire, em busca de uma aproximação entre o que se diz e o que se faz, potencializando as relações e o fazer pedagógico. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar reflexões acerca da relação da curricularização da extensão com os produtos educacionais dos programas de pós-graduação profissionais, tendo como perspectiva futura o foco específico sobre o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGEdu) do IFSul. Ao reconhecer a importância da curricularização da extensão em uma perspectiva transformadora, apresenta-se uma discussão sobre a criação e a produção de novos sentidos e significados das pesquisas a partir dos produtos educacionais. Destaca-se que a ampliação da política de curricularização da extensão para além da graduação, atingindo todos os níveis de ensino presentes no IFSul, foi um dos anúncios apresentados na pesquisa de mestrado. Compreende-se que, por meio da curricularização da extensão, em uma perspectiva transformadora, será promovido um processo educacional que estimula a formação de seres humanos mais sensíveis, contribuindo com pequenos movimentos que irão ao encontro da utopia coletiva de um mundo mais igualitário, alicerçada pela práxis anunciada por Paulo Freire.
“A UTOPIA DE UMA EDUCAÇÃO SENSÍVEL PARA A FORMAÇÃO MAIS HUMANA”
Authors: Montiel Fabiana Celente , Andrade Danielle Müller de , Freitas Diana Paula Salomão de
Published: December 2024

Apresentação do dossiê
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DA DENGUE NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS EM REGIÕES DE FRONTEIRA
Authors: Ortiz Alécio , Monteiro Marcelo , Roman Junior Walter Antônio , Busato Maria Assunta , Rezende Renan de Souza , Lutinski Junir Antonio
Published: December 2024

A dengue, uma doença febril aguda causada pelo arbovírus do gênero Flavivirus, é uma preocupação global em termos de saúde pública. Essa preocupação é ampliada nas áreas de fronteira devido à circulação intensa de pessoas, transporte de mercadorias e às limitações das ações de controle vetorial, frequentemente influenciadas por diferentes normativas e diretrizes dos países envolvidos. O presente estudo objetivou descrever a epidemiologia da dengue em estados brasileiros localizados em região de fronteira. Foram coletados dados de casos notificados de dengue ao longo de nove anos (2014-2022). Os estados do Acre, Mato Grosso do Sul e Mato Grosso, nesta ordem, apresentaram as maiores incidências no período avaliado. A incidência, letalidade e mortalidade, sexo e faixa etária foram exploradas para cada estado. Revela-se um padrão consistente de taxas mais altas na faixa etária de 20 a 60 anos em vários estados (p<0,05). A crescente incidência de dengue destaca a necessidade de ações coordenadas para enfrentar esse desafio de saúde pública. Uma resposta eficaz exige preparação por parte dos profissionais de saúde, intensificação de campanhas de conscientização e controle do vetor pelas autoridades de saúde pública. Também é necessária uma vigilância contínua para detecção precoce de surtos e pesquisa científica para embasar estratégias efetivas.