bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exhibiting Gabriel Lippmann: A
Collaborative Challenge
Authors: Martin Pauline , Sandrin Carole
Published: July 2022

This essay aims to show how the nature of cultural goods initiates specific
collaborative approaches. Photo Elysée, Museum for Photography owns
138 Lippmann interferential plates, one of the largest collections in the
world. Donated by descendants of Lippmann’s in-laws in the 1990s, these
plates are among the wonders of the collection, which counts over one
million photographic objects. This article aims to explain what such a
collection brings to the institution in terms of opening up to external
disciplines and collaborations which, in turn, nourish the museum’s
work in a much broader way. At the intersection of the history of colour
photography, science and contemporary art, Lippmann plates push the
museum beyond its borders.
“It’s not just a picture, it’s a magical
object”: Interview with Contemporary
Lippmann Photographer Filipe Alves
Authors: Hannouch Hanin
Published: July 2022

This interview with Lisbon-based artist, scientist, and contemporary
Lippmann photographer Filipe Alves (*1979) explores his committent
to producing interferential colour photographs today. Alves’s practice of
analogue colour photography has reshaped his studio into a site of media
archaeological re-enactment of the photographic process. It has also lead
to the adaptation of the chemistry behind it for current use, as well as to
nuanced reflections about its history. In this conversation, Alves sheds
light on his colourful endeavour so far, the enduring lure of the analogue,
and the future trajectory of the Lippmann plate as a creative medium.
Gabriel Lippmann’s Colour
Photography: A Critical Introduction
Authors: Hannouch Hanin
Published: July 2022

This introduction, in lieu of a streamlined biography of physicist Gabriel
Lippmann (1845–1921), complicates photography historian Georges Potonniée’s
three canonical predicates about Lippmann‘s interferential
colour photography. These predicates, which have shaped most studies
about him so far, are: Lippmann’s association with France, his position
as the sole inventor of interferential colour photography, and the myth
of the “non-use” of this medium. After presenting the state of the art, the
introduction offers readers interdisciplinary methods and considerations
that embrace the complexity of the interferential image, positioning it at
the interplay between science, media, and museums.
Carlson’s Positive Aesthetics
Authors: Olson Kent B.
Published: July 2022

We all know that the protection of the environment is a good thing. With global warming, these concerns are past the point of being trivial. Can there be an argument via the sciences to get more people involved? Can there be one based upon an instrumentalist view? This would be quite a feat. Canadian-born philosopher Allen Carlson tries to do just that with his view of positive aesthetics. This is the view that the environment is worth protecting because it is beautiful. More particularly, since it does have instrumental value, it is beautiful and we should protect it. In this paper, I shall endorse the idea that not all natural phenomena are beautiful. Also the argument commits the is/ought fallacy. Perhaps activists should seek more aid from the arts and sciences from philosophy itself, rather than from the cold deductive logical calculus.
《1932年的石碑山— 灯塔阴影里的生与死》 (‘Breaker Point in 1932: Life and Death in the Shadow of the Lighthouse’)
Authors: Bickers 毕可思 Robert
Published: July 2022

摘要：1932红军士兵占领了汕头附近的石碑山灯塔，并在撤退时“带走了”灯塔管理员奕伟士和逐侠诺等人，而之后二人又悄然死去。就1932年的标准来看，灯塔管理员被抓是一个微不足道的、不会引起多大注意的绑架事件，但它为我们提供了一个揭示发生在灯塔内部及其周围的种族、阶级和民族冲突的机会。本论文透过航标灯系统、它的员工以及它对于理解外国势力在中国活动的广泛性特征来探究海关管理部门的基础结构。在石碑山事件中，国籍、种族、阶级都是关键性的背景因素，这种结合是帝国和帝国在中国的非正式世界的本质性构造。就本案来说，存在于海关的正式地位与其所发挥的非正式作用之间、海关职员作为中国政府雇员的正式身分与他们在英国的或其他的共同体之间的紧张关系，使我们对英国势力在中国的复杂多样性获得了更多认识。这些人的故事和困境使我们放弃了那些简易的、二元论的定性分析方法，取而代之的是直接考察其时态、相互关联性和把不同地区网连起来的方式。

关键词：石碑山灯塔 绑架 种族 阶级 民族冲突
《家信与中国—伊莉莎白•弗雷在天津 1913-1914年》（‘Writing Home and China: Elisabeth Frey in Tianjin, 1913-1914’）
Authors: Lu 吕一旭 Yixu , Goodman 古德曼 David SG
Published: July 2022

摘要：在十九世纪末二十世纪初来华的欧洲殖民者往往都有家人相伴随。家庭成员的日记、信件似乎是可以让人了解日常殖民经历的有用信息源。傅赖义（Walther Frey）是1905-1938年间在中国工作的一位杰出的建筑师，并且是1914年以前天津德国社团的支柱人物。他的妹妹伊莉莎白（Elisabeth）在1913-1914年期间来华看望他，伊莉莎白在华期间定期给她在德国的母亲写信。这些信件从一开始就被有意识地作为一种日记来写，详细地描述了她在中国的殖民生活经历。从今天的角度来看，它们不仅是一位年轻女性二十世纪初在中国的殖民经历的记述，而且也是所谓“殖民凝视”的详细展现。同时，这些信件也清楚地显示出历史研究依靠此类资料的局限性。

关键词：信 中国 蔑视 愤怒 殖民凝视
County Governance and the Promotion of Social Development in a Mixed Economy
Authors: Carrillo Beatriz
Published: July 2022

A large literature analysing the links between decentralization of the fiscal system and responsibility over the provision of public services and social safety nets has highlighted on the one hand the implementation difficulties of resource-poor county governments, and on the other hand the continued prioritisation of economic goals over social development by those same county governments. The current Chinese leadership’s aim of building a harmonious society, however, brought about a policy shift that emphasised the quality of economic growth. Through the case study of Hongtong County in Shanxi Province this paper examines the issues faced by a county government in the delivery of public services and in building a functioning social security system. It puts forward the constraints faced by the county government but also shows that there is willingness to act and a capacity to promote social development and social inclusion, though this has mainly been done through an active encouragement of private participation to fill in the gap of public provision. The case study shows that such a strategy can be successful during times of economic bonanza, but for it to become sustainable government funding remains crucial, alongside the need for better regulation of both public and private provision.
On the Spot in China: Thirty Years of Change
Authors: Goodman David SG
Published: July 2022

I first went to the People’s Republic in April 1976 and have been visiting almost every year since. A camera has been my constant companion, and during the last few years I realised that I could go back and attempt to reproduce photographic shots from as far as possible exactly the same spot. These are the results.
Mianyang: The Legacy of State Socialism and Local Construction
Authors: Chen Minglu
Published: July 2022

This paper provides an account of the development trajectory of Mianyang City, a prefecture-level administration in the Southwest of China, as relevant to the Chinese government’s two major attempts to develop the country’s vast West, i.e. the ‘Third Front Construction Project’ and the ‘Open Up the West’ Campaign. Based on empirical research, the author argues that the past of socialist construction under Mao should not be dismissed when one tries to understand China’s current prosperity. This paper also provides a local perspective to examine the rather under-viewed development scheme—the ‘Third Front Construction Project’. Although seen as a failed endeavour at macro level, the project’s impacts on local development could be positive and constructive.
The Appearance of the Rural in China's Tourism
Authors: Chio Jenny
Published: July 2022

State-led programs for rural development through tourism serve to reaffirm and reinstate rural spaces as the ideal periphery, a desirable and attractive ‘decorative edge’ to the modern, contemporary Chinese nation. By tracing the ways in which tourism development both centralizes the necessity of modernizing rural regions for the nation as a whole while simultaneously emphasizing the otherness of rural communities in order to promote them as tourist attractions, I seek to understand how the rural appears in Chinese tourism as a central concern of the state, and yet the approach of development programs has been to characterize what is rural as evermore different and distant in order to satisfy perceived tourist desires. The focus of the chapter is the examination of two publications that deal specifically with the formation, significance, and regulation of ‘the rural’ in tourism development: a widely circulated statement from 2006 by the chairman of the China National Tourism Administration, Shao Qiwei, and a guidebook on operating rural tourism businesses by the China Agricultural Press.My analysis considers the practices and ideas suggested by these publications in light of ethnographic observations from two rural ethnic tourism villages.
Precarização do trabalho e desarticulação do movimento sindical no capitalismo contemporâneo
Authors: De Sousa Ana Lúcia , Guedes Maria Denise
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar uma análise sobre o movimento sindical no Brasil, no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo. Nesse sentido, parte das relações entre capital e trabalho e das contradições que lhes são inerentes. Demonstraremos como as transformações econômicas e políticas operadas pelo capital para a manutenção de seus objetivos de lucro e acumulação, ao longo da história, são estratégias que intensificam a exploração da força de trabalho, visando resolver suas crises cíclicas e minimizar suas contradições. No Brasil, a reestruturação produtiva desde o final de século XX e a adesão incondicional dos governantes ao modelo de regulação social neoliberal, promoveram a desarticulação do movimento sindical. Neste quadro, foram utilizadas diferentes estratégias, desde a repressão mais brutal até formas mais sofisticadas, provocando a divisão do movimento e, consequentemente, esvaziando os movimentos de base.
Aprofundamento da precarização da educação e da docência em tempos pandêmicos
Authors: Silva Jetson Lourenço Lopes da
Published: July 2022

A crise sanitária instaurada repercutiu na totalidade das relações sociais. Isto posto, a emergência do Coronavírus sedimentou o terreno para que questões e processos já em andamento pudessem ganhar contornos ainda mais vivos, complexos e com novos redimensionamentos. Nesse bojo, o processo de precarização foi acentuado pelo contexto de pandemia mediatizado pela longa onda de crise capitalista. Da mesma forma, questões que dizem respeito à educação e ao trabalho docente foram ainda mais mergulhadas em situações de precariedade, condição agravada pelo ensino remoto. Dessa forma, é trazido aqui problematizações sobre a conjuntura de crise sanitária e sua relação com o processo de precarização no campo do trabalho e dos serviços sociais, destacando questões em torno das condições precárias em que a educação e o exercício da docência têm sido realizados. São também abordadas algumas considerações acerca do significado do ensino remoto.
Empreendedorismo como estratégia do aumento da precarização e desorganização do proletariado
Authors: Costa Maria Fabiana Da Silva , Rodrigues Daniel Alvares
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho trata-se de uma crítica à lógica hegemônica empreendedora e sua consequência destrutiva das organizações e perspectivas classistas do proletariado. Analisamos a pesquisa Global Entrepreneuership Monitor (GEM), defensora do empreendedorismo no Brasil que reforça a defesa do aumento da precarização do trabalho. Na busca de dar um significado social analisamos o afroempreendedorismo, que, mesmo assumindo uma crítica antirracista, legitima a lógica hodierna de reprodução do capital. Entendemos, assim, que o empreendedorismo tanto o mais sistêmico quanto o social tem no seu cerne a subsunção da classe trabalhadora, contribui para sua desorganização, bem como efetiva a educação para a precarização do trabalho, contribuindo para o aumento da invisibilidade e da desigualdade entre as classes.
RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION WITH ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING ROLE OF STUDENT ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Alvi Abdul Khaliq , Kayani Umar Safder , Lakhan Allah Bux
Published: July 2022

The current research addresses the issue of student academic performance while identifying its potential predictors. social media addiction is predicting variable and student performance is dependent variable whereas student engagement is mediating variable. Current research proposes following research hypotheses; firstly to examine the direct impact of Social Media addiction on the student academic performance and student engagement while checking the direct impact of social media addiction on the student engagement respectively. Secondly, current research examines mediating effect of student engagement in relation between social media addiction and student academic performance. Students of Govt. universities are the target population. 250 university students were selected with the help of the snowball sampling technique. Results reveal that all three hypotheses are accepted over significant outcomes of statistical procedures. In future research, other potential predictors of student academic performance like use of Facebook, use of Twitter may include in addition to target students of private universities along with students of Govt. universities and compare the results.
EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS IN PAKISTAN: THE ONLINE EDUCATION PRESSURE, FEAR OF FAILING AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS
Authors: Siddique Maria , Hamayun Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Asad
Published: July 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has been around for a long time in Pakistan and it has resulted in the shutting down of education sector over a long period of time. Despite this hurdle, government has implemented Online Education System in universities throughout Pakistan. But this online education system comes with its own caveats and problems. The many gaps and oversights in Pakistan's online education system as well problems of being developing country have all contributed to deterioration of students' mental health. This article focuses on negative effects this lockdown and online education has caused on student's studies, how their mental health has deteriorated over the time span of online classes. The questionnaires were designed to assess online education pressure, psychological distress and fear of failing in students. Findings shows that online education pressure has caused a severe and significant increase in student's Psychological Distress, especially in context of Fear of Failure. This study will help policy makers in solving the issue of psychological distress in students by taking appropriate steps and adopting better strategies.
Corporate telecommunications infrastructure as a service provider for small medium and micro enterprises
Authors:   , Pillay Deenasegari
Published: July 2022

South Africa has been classified as an upper-middle mcome developing country with a growth rate of 2.6%. In order to improve the quality of lives of all its citizens that includes the lowering of the unemployment rate, South Africa needs to achieve a growth rate of not less than 7%. One of the pre-requisites for economic growth is entrepreneurship. The SMME sector has been universally accepted as having the potential for generating employment and contributing to economic growth. In South Africa the SMME sector is a major contributor to the economy. Research has revealed that SMMEs fail in the first five years of start up or. stagnate in terms of development because of lack of skills, management expertise, finance and lack of basic infrastructure (such as electricity, physical premises and telecommunication). South Africa's entry into the global economy makes it imperative for businesses to have access to Information Communication Technologies regardless of the size of the business. The de-regulation of the Telecommunication Act 106 of 1996 made provision for SMMEs to provide telecommunication access to under serviced areas. This is a double-edged opportunity for the Durban Institute of Technology (M L Sultan campus) in that, the Durban Institute of Technology (M L Sultan campus) could become a Service Provider for Telecommunications access and at the same time provide SMMEs within its vicinity with Information Communication Technology access. This research outlines the various elements that a Higher Education Institution such as the Durban Institute of Technology (M L Sultan campus) needs to take into consideration for developing a Business Model to provide Information Communication Technologies to SMMEs within the vicinity of the Durban Institute of Technology. A sample of the SMMEs around the Durban Institute of Technology (M L Sultan campus) was interviewed to determine their ICT needs and their understanding of the impact of access to ICT on their business. It was found, inter-alia, that many SMMEs had no access what so ever and that there was a lack of understanding of the potential impact of ICT on their enterprise.
An investigation into clustering/linkages as a strategy to enhance the competitive performance of small, medium and micro furniture manufacturing firms in Kwa-Zulu Natal
Authors:   , Pillay Devika
Published: July 2022

It has been largely accepted that Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) are principal driving forces in economic development (UN-ECE, 1999; Istomina, 1998; Lalkaka, 1996). However, many small, medium and micro enterprises are constrained by an array of problems such as a lack of access to finance, training services and physical infrastructure. Also, small, medium and micro enterprises are forced to operate in highly competitive environments and transition economies and this limits the ability of small, medium and micro enterprises and even large organisations to operate successfully and efficiently. Consequently, a strategy focused on inter-firm linkages and collaboration could alleviate the problems faced by small, medium and micro enterprises. Research indicates that inter-firm linkages or clustering can lead to the emergence of collective efficiency, which facilitates the industrialisation of SMMEs and has the potential of contributing to economic development (Schmitz, 1995). A cluster would involve interaction between enterprises or networks of enterprises that produce identical or similar products. These linkages create 'collective efficiency' which is critical in sustaining a competitive edge. The ability of small, medium and micro enterprises to maintain this competitive edge will ensure greater success and opportunities for specialisation and differantion.
The development of an internal brand strategy for a post-merged organisation
Authors:   , Hartley Philip David
Published: July 2022

This thesis describes and analyses the integration process of mergers and acquisitions, which is often blamed for the failure of such undertakings. It explains the status quo for internal branding in general and in the environment of mergers and acquisitions. The two aspects are integrated in such a manner as to develop an internal brand strategy that resolves many of the common integration problems. Since the traditional focus on branding is on the external environment rather than the internal environment, the objective of this thesis is to emphasise the employee rather than the customer. As the writer believes that through the development of internal brand awareness and loyalty, the net effect is that the overall effectiveness of the entire merged organisation will increase exponentially. In this thesis, a meta-analysis approach is utilised to develop theory, thus this study is exclusively a qualitative styled study. The strategy developed in this thesis is not a once off fix, but is a continuous process that must be maintained and implemented by the management and shareholders of the organisation to ensure the success of the brand and the new merged organisation.
Critical factors for service quality in the intercity bus transport industry
Authors:   , Pan Qi
Published: July 2022

South Africa will host the Soccer World Cup in 2010. About 2.7 million local spectators and 400,000 visitors need to be transferred to and from the 1() host cities in 43 days . .This is a huge challenge to the intercity bus transport ihdustry, because the current transport system may not meet the demand for one of the world's largest sporting event. The purpose of this study is to identify the current barriers to good service quality in the intercity bus transport industry. It focuses on the measurement of service quality and I communication. In this research, the literature survey defined the service quality 'gap' in this industry, identified the role of effective communication. in the service delivery system, measured the variables affecting current service delivery using the SERVQUAL instrument, and prioritized the importance of the factors influencing service delivery in this industry. A questionnaire with 25 questions was designed to coUect data. This study used convenience sampling to select 400 passengers as a sample, viz. 348 South Africans and 52 foreigners at the Durban bus station, since Durban is one of the ten host cities of the 2010 FIFAWorld Cup. The data was analysed using SPSS. The results of this research pointed to the importance of external communication in the industry. Specific recommendations are made to improve the productivity, reduce vacancy rate and maximize the benefits to this industry in 2010 and beyond.
A study of entrepreneurship in the Bangladesh area of Chatsworth
Authors:   , Ahmed Desmond
Published: July 2022

This study focused on a feasibility analysis of establishing entrepreneurs in the Bangladesh area of Chatsworth. Ute purpose of the research was to investigate strategies that would enable the development and promotion of entrepreneurship in the area, The researcher has noted from experience, living in an area contiguous to Bangladesh, that there is a serious shortcoming with regard to-entrepreneurial skills among people in depressed communities. The researcher needed to consider strategies of empowering them to earn a decent living. This research project looked at the Bangladesh area, which is indeed a very poor region in Chatsworth. Moreover, -the statement of purpose was to examine theoretical constructs related to entrepreneurship which would enable and empower depressed communities to become economically self-sufficient. In addition, the key objective of the study was to undertake an empirical investigation in the area of Bangladesh to determine the needs of the community with respect to development of entrepreneurship and to make recommendations for the economic upliftment of the community. The findings suggest that the people in the Bangladesh area want to embrace entrepreneurship. However, their main concerns are accessto finance, education and training. The existing small businesses in the area need financial assistance to grow and the people who want to start businesses need to have access to affordable finance. The present Government policy is to encourage the development of entrepreneurship both at community level and in educational provision.
A longitudinal study of customers perceptions of their confidence in, and satisfaction with, the South African Sugar Association Cane Testing Service division
Authors:   , Naidoo Gonaseelan
Published: July 2022

Customer satisfaction is a critical component of a business' competitive strategy. The Cane Testing Service (CTS) division of the South African Sugar Association is operating in a deregulated market environment and thus has to ensure that customers are always satisfied with the quality of service received from CTS. This study aimed to establish the change in customer satisfaction levels between 1998 and 2003. The study set out to determine customer satisfaction levels with specific customer groupings of combined millers and growers, millers-only and growers-only of all fourteen Mill Group Boards. The study investigated customer satisfaction levels for each of the sixteen service characteristics for the fourteen Mill Group Boards. Regular measurement of customer satisfaction allows CTS to continuously improve the levels of customer satisfaction and thereby minimise the threat to CTS of competitors entering the sugar industry laboratory services market. Customer satisfaction levels were determined by conducting a longitudinal, quantitative survey on one hundred and sixty-eight miller and grower members of all Mill Group Boards using the CTS developed questionnaire, containing CTS and customer verified service attributes. I I I The 2003 study shows a statistically significant improvement in customer satisfaction levels with CTS service delivery across all customer groupings in comparison with the 1998 customer satisfaction levels. The specific Mill Group Board analyses shows an improvement in customer satisfaction levels for twelve of the fourteen boards. Specific strategies are to be developed for those boards and service attributes that did not show an improvement. It is recommended that CTS customer surveys be conducted every three years and the Balanced Scorecard management tool be used to monitor the effectiveness of customer improvement strategy implementation. It is proposed that future research consider benchmarking CTS service delivery against other similar service providers and that focus groups be employed to obtain feedback from key customers.
TSAMs' perception of service quality at DuPont
Authors:   , Naidoo K. Silas
Published: July 2022

Organizations in the service sector had to make a radical shift in their strategy to embrace customer-centered philosophies in order to maintain a sustainable business. Without realignment to the new demands and with ever increasing pressures, a superlative customer service cannot be achieved. Companies are increasingly placing greater emphasis on customer satisfaction. Customers are becoming more and more sophisticated due to globalization. Customers are no more buying a product alone, but an accompanying service satisfaction. There appears to be a huge gap between perceived and expected service levels. A concerted effort should be made to either narrow or eliminate this gap. DuPont Performance Coatings is a major supplier of coatings to the automotive industry. It was, therefore, necessary to measure Toyota South Africa Manufacturing's perception of service quality provided by DuPont Performance Coatings. Once the levels of customer satisfaction within Toyota South Africa Manufacturing are measured, it could be used as a basis for recommendations towards improving the service levels of DuPont Performance Coatings. The study involves the use of the SERVQUAL instrument in order to ascertain any actual or perceived gaps between customer expectations and perceptions of the service offered. The study also determines how the management of service improvement can become more logical and integrated with respect to the prioritized service quality dimensions and their strategy to decrease service quality gaps. On behalf of DuPont Performance Coatings, the research objectives were, firstly, to identify Toyota South Africa Manufacturing's expectations in terms of quality services provided; secondly, to ascertain the perceptions of Toyota South Africa Manufacturing towards the service provided by DuPont Performance Coatings; thirdly, to measure the gaps between the expectations and perceptions by Toyota South Africa Manufacturing, using the SERVQUAL score, and, finally to calculate and measure the score of the five SERVQUAL dimensions. The researcher has opted for a census because the entire population that deals with DuPont Performance Coatings is relevant. Each member of the population was classified in certain biographical variables. Eighty respondents were surveyed, using the SERVQUAL questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The study showed that Toyota South Africa Manufacturing's expectations of service quality exceeded their perceptions on the five service quality dimensions used in the SERVQUAL questionnaire. The smallest dimension gap score proved to be tangibles, while the largest gap score in the study proved to be reliability, followed by assurance.
Safety and operational risks at a selected chemical company
Authors:   , Nayager Dan
Published: July 2022

Unsafe incidents are a regular occurrence in the chemical industries, which have resulted, in some cases in the catastrophic destruction to the environment and loss of life. Major global organizations have shut down after experiencing fatal unsafe incidents as in the case of Union Carbide. This organization was closed after the Bhopal incident in India, in 1984, which claimed the lives of a-bout three thousand residents (see appendix d). In this study, the safety and operational risks at a selected chemical company in Durban are researched. This study looks at the huge number of unsafe incidents in a three year period, from (2003) to year (2005), that occurred at this organization. The objective of this study is to identify the variables that contribute to the high number of unsafe incidents within the organisation. The study will focus on the relationship between staff perceptions and management's assumptions of these contributory variables. The sub-objectives of the study are: o To ascertain staff perceptions of the contributors to the incidents and unsafe working conditions; o To determine if management is accurate in their assumptions of the causes for the incidents; and o To determine relationships between staff perceptions and actual causes of the incidents. The contributors were themed in the study in the following manner: o Behaviour and attitude; e Communications; e Plant and equipment; e Training and development; o Planning and workload; o Safety aspects; and e Other related aspects. Implementing the recommendations made will assist in reducing the number of unsafe incidents and make the organization a safer place for all stakeholders.
The impact of Gacaca courts in three Rwandan communities
Authors:   , Adjibi Emile
Published: July 2022

One of the major issues following the genocide in Rwanda in 1994 was what to do with the huge number of people (around 100 000) accused of crimes during the genocide. Western legal approaches dealt with a handful of such cases at huge expense but the vast majority of the accused languished in prison. The government decided to employ a modified version of Gacaca - the traditional way of dealing with disputes and lower level crimes at community level. Using a qualitative research methodology and employing focus groups and individual interviews as data collection tools, this research investigate perceptions about the operation of Gacaca in three Rwandan communities, with particular reference to truth, justice, forgiveness and reconciliation. The research suggests that in the three communities, Gacaca was seen as bringing the truth out into the open and to provide a measure of justice, although limitations were noted in both of these respects. Given the enormity of the genocide crimes, however, there seemed to be little progress in the areas of forgiveness and reconciliation.
Planes de continuidad de negocios ante el evento disruptivo Covid-19
Authors: De La Hoz Suárez Betty Auxiliadora , De La Hoz Suárez Aminta Isabel , Pérez Suescún Leonardo Fabio , Jiménez Sierra Devinso
Published: July 2022

La disruptividad que causa cualquier evento fortuito sorpresivo afecta la operatividad de los negocios, por tal razón el presente escrito esboza la estrategia de planes de contingencia o de continuidad de negocios para la marcha exitosa de las empresas. Metodológicamente, la investigación es descriptiva, documental con base en una revisión de la literatura sobre la problemática focalizada, atendiendo los postulados que sustentan el principio contable rector del negocio en marcha según lo revelado en el Marco Conceptual de NIIF (IFRS Fundation: 2018), la Normas ISO-22301 y lo sugerido por la Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Colombia (ANDI: 2020). Se encontró que los planes de continuidad de negocios se sustentan en tres factores principales, a saber, los aspectos relacionados con las unidades monetarias de carácter financiero, lo relacionado al desempeño operacional y aspectos externos incidentes del entorno de los cuales no se tienen dominio pleno; estos hacen parte de la diagnosis de la situación problémica enfocada en la disruptividad ocasionada por el COVID-19; por lo cual se propone la estrategia de planes de continuidad de negocios enfocada en los aspectos de comunicación, tecnología, seguridad, manejo de personal y capital humano, manejo de clientes y proveedores, procesos y funcionamiento de la empresa.
RUKOPISI TEDŽVIDA U GAZI HUSREV-BEGOVOJ MEDRESI
Authors: Husejnović Safet
Published: July 2022

Since the time of the Last Revelation the first Muslims dedicated much attention to the correct recitation of the Qur’an. The Prophet of Allah, Muhammad, peace be upon him, personally used to send the Qur’an reciters to some provinces with the task to teach others the correct recitation of the Qur’an. With respect to this, tajweed is a scientific discipline that studies the phonetics of the Qur’an. Since the advent of Islam up to the present days scientific Muslim circles all around the world have properly understood the importance of this discipline. This resulted in extensive literature almost in all languages, spoken by numerous Muslim nations. We are also among them, since a few manuscripts and textbooks from this field have been published in our language. Unfortunately, some of the manuscripts have disappeared, while some have never been found and examined. In this paper we study and analyze several tajweed manuscripts which can be found in the Gazi Husrev-bey Madrasah in Sarajevo.
MOĆ IGRE U PODSTICANJU PSIHOLOŠKOG RAZVOJA DJECE I MLADIH
Authors: Tahirović Senija
Published: July 2022

Play is not only an enjoyable activity with which a child fills his/her free time, but it presents a very imprtant factor in promoting the psychological development of children. Playing, children learn about the world in which they live as well as about their own positon in it. Play encourages the physical, cognitive, socio-emotional and moral development of children. Relying on the research results we want to point to the changes in the way children grow up, which, inter alia, contribute to the apparent reduction of time children spend involved in play like in a free, spontaneous, creative activity together with their peers due to the time they spend at a computer in an individual activity being led by the modern media. Our objective is to raise parents’ and professionals’ awareness about the importance of play in promoting the psychosocial develeopment of children and about the possible risks to the psychological development of children if play keeps being disregarded. Play should be an important part of growing up since through it children are more likely to grow up into psychologically stable persons and valuable society members. Play is not a waste of time, but a long-term investement in children’s academic and life success.
O USO DA CULTURA MAKER NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PROJETOS ALINHADOS AOS OBJETIVOS DA AGENDA 2030 DA ONU
Authors: Nascimento Sirlei Rodrigues do , Langhi Celi
Published: July 2022

Este relato tem por objetivo descrever o uso da cultura maker aplicada no curso técnico integrado em administração com o intuito de desenvolver competências e habilidades alinhadas a nova realidade e perspectivas do mundo moderno, onde a criatividade e inovação são tidas como fundamentais. Apoiados nos dezessete objetivos de sustentabilidade propostos pela Agenda 2030 da ONU [1] foram desenvolvidas atividades dentro e fora da sala de aula, o protagonismo do aluno pode ser observado indicando que a metodologia ativa adotada teve êxito, trazendo como resultado uma maior interação entre os discentes, estimulando o senso critico em relação as necessidades socioambientais, demonstrando que a aprendizagem significativa [2] promove mudanças comportamentais que são essenciais no desenvolvimento do profissional que está sendo formado.
PRÁCTICAS AMBIENTALES EN LOS FESTIVALES DE CINE AMBIENTAL
Authors: Peña Zerpa Mixzaida Yelitza
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo es parte de la investigación doctoral titulada Cinema Planeta, Festiverd y Patagonia Eco Film Fest: Festivales de cine ambiental y su gestión. Una aproximación desde sus directores realizada por Peña (2021). Se busca comprender desde las voces de los directores de Cinema Planeta, Festiverd y Eco Film Fest, los significados atribuidos a la gestión en los festivales de cine ambiental desde la categoría emergente: Prácticas ambientales en los festivales de cine ambiental. La investigación se desarrolla dentro del Paradigma Cualitativo bajo el Enfoque Fenomenológico Interpretativo. Las prácticas ambientales de los festivales de cine no emergen simultáneamente. Todo lo contrario, aparecen según las necesidades de los festivales de cine ambiental. Se sustentan en una serie de subcategorías: huella de carbono, formato digital, paneles solares, estatuillas, 3R, entre otras. Se resalta una gestión ambiental antropocéntrica centrada en el hombre y la satisfacción de sus necesidades, más que en la propia naturaleza. Al mismo tiempo, destaca como una aplicación de principios ambientales basados en la preocupación y prevención. Apunta a la implementación de tecnologías más amigables con el ambiente. En el proceso se resalta el rol del director en la toma de decisiones gerenciales sustentables. Cada acción cuenta e involucra directamente al festival de cine ambiental. Se pone a prueba la proactividad en la dirección y gestión de un evento. Países como Argentina y México no desperdician la oportunidad de ser parte de este proceso que implica transformación desde la legislación.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E AGROECOLOGIA: ESTUDO DE CASO EM DIAMANTE DO SUL, PARANÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Ribeiro Nepomoceno Taiane Aparecida , Exime Ethol , Ahlert Alvori
Published: July 2022

Este artigo teve como objetivo discutir condições de produção agroecológica e de renda na agricultura familiar em Diamante do Sul, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Com pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, usou-se a metodologia comparativa para discutir os dados de entrevistas não-estruturadas com base em um questionário composto por 21 perguntas como roteiro de diálogos com duas agricultoras, denominadas unidades A e B, no município de Diamante do Sul, região Oeste do estado do Paraná, Brasil. A produção orgânica das pesquisadas é diversificada e apresenta diversos traços de práticas sustentáveis, com enfoque na solidariedade para a segurança alimentar. Ambas estão vinculadas a programas públicos de entrega de alimentos e apoio à agricultura familiar. Concluiu-se que a falta de investimentos públicos e a carência de assistência técnica na agricultura local tem afetado a produção e a renda das unidades pesquisadas.
Observations of gas-phase products from the nitrate-radical-initiated oxidation of four monoterpenes
Authors: Dam Michelia , Draper Danielle C. , Marsavin Andrey , Fry Juliane L. , Smith James N.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Chemical ionization mass spectrometry with the nitrate reagent ion (NO3- CIMS) was used to investigate the products of the nitrate radical
(NO3) initiated oxidation of four monoterpenes in laboratory chamber experiments. α-Pinene, β-pinene, Δ-3-carene, and
α-thujene were studied. The major gas-phase species produced in each system were distinctly different, showing the effect of monoterpene
structure on the oxidation mechanism and further elucidating the contributions of these species to particle formation and growth. By comparing
groupings of products based on the ratios of elements in the general formula CwHxNyOz, the
relative importance of specific mechanistic pathways (fragmentation, termination, and radical rearrangement) can be assessed for each
system. Additionally, the measured time series of the highly oxidized reaction products provide insights into the ratio of relative production and
loss rates of the high-molecular-weight products of the Δ-3-carene system. The measured effective O:C ratios of reaction products were
anticorrelated with new particle formation intensity and number concentration for each system; however, the monomer : dimer ratios of products had a small
positive trend. Gas-phase yields of oxidation products measured by NO3- CIMS correlated with particle number concentrations for each
monoterpene system, with the exception of α-thujene, which produced a considerable amount of low-volatility products but no
particles. Species-resolved wall loss was measured with NO3- CIMS and found to be highly variable among oxidized reaction products in our
stainless steel chamber.
The European forest carbon budget under future climate conditions and current management practices
Authors: Pilli Roberto , Alkama Ramdane , Cescatti Alessandro , Kurz Werner A. , Grassi Giacomo
Published: July 2022

Abstract. To become carbon neutral by 2050, the European Union (EU27) net
carbon sink from forests should increase from the current level of about
−360 to −450 Mt CO2eq yr−1 by 2050. Reaching
this target requires additional efforts, which should be informed by the
expected interactions between current age-class distributions, the effect of
forest management practices and the expected impacts of future climate
change. However, modelling the combined effect of these drivers is
challenging, since it requires a mechanistic assessment of climate impacts on
primary productivity and heterotrophic respiration and a detailed
representation of the forest age structure and of the management practices
across the entire EU. To achieve this goal, we combined the output provided
by four land–climate models – run under two different Representative
Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP6.0) – to parameterize the
input data used in an empirical forest growth model. This hybrid modelling
approach aims to quantify the impact of climate change and forest management
on the long-term (i.e. to 2100) evolution of the EU27 + UK forest carbon
budget. This approach was tested using a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario,
based on the continuation of the management practices applied by EU member
states within the historical period 2000–2015. We emphasize that our study
does not explore a specific policy scenario but describes a methodological
framework. Our results highlight that, under our BAU case, the EU27 + UK forest C sink
would decrease to about −250 Mt CO2eq yr−1 in 2050 and −80 Mt CO2eq yr−1 by 2100. The main driver of the long-term evolution of
the forest C sink is the ongoing ageing process of the European forests,
mostly determined by past and ongoing management. In addition, climate
change may further amplify or mitigate this trend. Due to the large
uncertainty in climate projections, in 2050 the net C sink may range from
−100 to −400 Mt CO2eq yr−1 under RCP2.6 and
from −100 to −300 Mt CO2eq yr−1 under RCP6.0. These results
suggest that while a change in management practices would be needed to
reverse an otherwise declining trend in the sink, climate change adds a
considerable uncertainty, potentially nearly doubling or halving the sink
associated with management.
Grounding line retreat and tide-modulated ocean channels at Moscow University and Totten Glacier ice shelves, East Antarctica
Authors: Li Tian , Dawson Geoffrey J. , Chuter Stephen J. , Bamber Jonathan L.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The Totten and Moscow University glaciers, located in East Antarctica, contain 5.1 m sea-level equivalent of ice and have been losing mass over recent decades. Using ICESat-2 laser altimetry repeat track analysis and satellite radar interferometry from Sentinel-1a/b SAR images, we mapped the grounding line locations of these two glaciers between 2017 and 2021. We detected pervasive grounding line retreat along the ice plains at the glacier central trunk of Totten Glacier Ice Shelf (TGIS) and Moscow University Ice Shelf (MUIS), where the GL retreated 3.51 ± 0.49 km and 13.85 ± 0.08 km during 1996–2020, respectively. Using CryoSat-2 radar altimetry, we found that the observed grounding line retreats are coincident with high thinning rates and high ice velocities, indicating a mass loss pattern dominated by ice dynamics. We also identified two tide-modulated ocean channels on the Totten eastern ice shelf and the Moscow University western ice shelf, where the ocean channel widths are highly correlated with the tidal range. The opening of the Moscow University western ice shelf channel connects the two previously separated TGIS and MUIS systems, which might open a pathway for the warm modified circumpolar deep water entering the main MUIS cavity and facilitate further grounding line retreat.
Prevalence of Malocclusion in Brazilian Quilombola Adolescents
Authors: De Brito Gabrielli Oliveira , Martins Sarah Dos Santos , Paes de Araújo Ítallo Lins , Carvalho Laureano Isla Camilla , Cavalcanti Alessandro Leite
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion in Quilombola adolescents living in rural area in Northeastern Brazil.Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which 36 Quilombola adolescents aged 12-19 years were evaluated. Data collection was performed at home between January and April 2020 by a trained researcher using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS software and presented using descriptive statistics.Results: More than two thirds of adolescents had already visited the dentist at least once in life (72.2%), with the last dental visit having occurred less than a year ago (57.7%), with predominance of public dental service (84.6%). There was higher frequency of lower anterior misalignment (86.1%) and dental crowding (83.4%) in two segments (55.6%). Almost all adolescents presented dental malocclusion (97.2%), with very severe or disabling severity (44.4%).Conclusion: The prevalence of very severe malocclusion was high in Quilombola adolescents, expressing the need for treatment of this population.
A Study Of Measuring Performance E-Procurement
Authors: Hi Usman Alfanugrah A
Published: July 2022

E-Procurement merupakan salah satu teknologi yang diterapkan dalam organisasi guna untuk membantu mempermudah proses pengadaan barang/jasa. E-procurement diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat dan dampak yang baik bagi jalannya proses bisnis serta memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pengadaan secara konvensional. Untuk dapat melakukan kinerja dengan baik sesuai yang diharapkan maka organisasi harus melakukan tata kelola teknologi informasi dengan baik, teknologi dalam hal ini adalah E-procurement. Dalam tata kelola teknologi informasi, perlu untuk melakukan performance measurement yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kinerja dari teknologi yang telah diterapkan sehingga perlu untuk melakukan performance measurement terhadap E-procurement. Untuk mengukur kinerja, Framework yang digunakan mengambil konsep dari Balanced Scorecard yaitu E-procurement Scorecard dengan enam perspektif dan KPI serta indikator lainnya.Makalah ini merangkum berbagai penelitian-penelitian yang berhubungan dengan mengukur kinerja E-procurement.
Kajian Pemanfaatan Metode Klasifikasi Data Mining Pada Pelayanan Perpustakaan.
Authors: Mandar Gamaria , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: July 2022

Pemanfaatan teknik data mining diberbagai bidang pelayanan telah membawa manfaat yang cukup besar.  Seperti halnya pada penerapan data mining di Perpustakaan, tak dapat diabaikan bahwasanya teknik data mining telah banyak membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan di beberapa kasus Perpustakaan baik itu menggunakan teknik klasifikasi, kluster dan aturan asosiasi. Salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan pada kasus perekomendasian buku di Perpustakaan, ketiga teknik telah memperoleh hasil yang baik dan mendukung pada berbagai kebutuhan di Perpustakaan diberbagai penelitian sebelumnya. Untuk itu pada artikel ini bermaksud  mengaji kembali pemanfaatan data mining dengan menggunakan  salah salah kategori data mining yaitu klasifikasi, berbagai algoritma pada klasifikasi seperti Support Vector Machine,  C4.5 dan lain-lain membawa cara yang berbeda pada pelayanan di Perpustakaan, tidak hanya sekedar memberikan rekomendasi buku pada pembaca saja, bahkan secara visual sudah mampu mendekteksi gambar (gaya berjalan seseorang) melalui kamera dan menampilkan pada layar LCD buku  rekomendasinya. Tak sampai disitu saja, pemanfaatan algoritma ini juga dapat memperoleh faktor-faktor penyembab kurang maksimalnya penggunaan Perpustakaan.  Tujuan dari pemanfaatan teknik klasifikasi adalah untuk meningkatkan kepuasaan  pelayaan pemberian rekomendasi buku pada pembaca, meningkatkan minat baca, meningkatkan efisiensi manajemen buku dan menemukan solusi-solusi terbaik guna melakukan evaluasi perbaikan layanan di Perpustakaan.