bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Traits of Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head Analyzed by Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Hwang Jung-Taek , Baik Seung-Ho , Choi Jin-Soo , Lee Kweon-Haeng , Rhee Seung-Koo
Published: January 2011

In an attempt to observe the genetic traits of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, we analyzed the genomic alterations in blood samples of 18 patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head (9 idiopathic and 9 alcoholic cases) using the array comparative genomic hybridization method and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Several candidate genes were identified that may induce avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and we investigated their role in the pathomechanism of osteonecrosis of bone. The frequency of each candidate gene over all the categories of avascular necrosis of the femoral head was also calculated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The highest frequency specific genes in each category were FLJ40296, CYP27C1, and CTDP1. FLJ40296 and CYP27C1 had the highest frequency (55.6%) in the idiopathic category. FLJ40296 had a high frequency (44.4%) in the alcoholic category, but CYP27C1 had a relatively low frequency (33.3%) in the alcoholic category. However, CTDP1 showed a significantly high frequency (55.6%) in the alcoholic category and a low frequency (22.2%) in the idiopathic category.

Although we statistically analyzed the frequency of each gene with Fisher’s exact test, we could not prove statistical significance due to the small number of samples. Further studies are needed with larger sample numbers. If the causal genes of avascular necrosis of the femoral head are found, they may be used for early detection, prognosis prediction, and genomic treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in the future.
Mid-Term Survivorship Results for a Rotating-Platform Knee Prosthesis
Authors: Goldstein Wayne M. , Gordon Alexander C. , Youderian Ari , Branson Jill J. , Murphy Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2011

Interest in mobile-bearing knee prostheses is increasing in the US market. We studied results at 2 to 5 years with a mobile-bearing system that includes a cobalt–chrome tibial tray and femoral component with a polyethylene cruciate-retaining tibial component insert that allows rotation around a central axis and can be used with cruciate-retaining or posterior-stabilized femoral components. The inserts used in this study were cruciate retaining and did not include the posterior-stabilized design. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the function and safety of this prosthesis along with the lack of spinout, which is a major concern in the mobile-bearing knee.

Four hundred thirty-five knees constituted the study cohort and underwent survivorship analysis and complication reporting. Routine clinic evaluations included pre- and postoperative radiographs and Knee Society knee and function scores at 6 and 12 weeks and every 2 years. The most recent follow-up data within 2 to 5 years was included for the study along with survey data. Flexion at most recent follow-up averaged 125°. Knee Society score at most recent visit averaged 88 of 100. Knee Society function score averaged 83 of 100. Radiographic results were available for 226 knees, with 97.3% assessed as normal and 6 with these issues: patella stress fracture (3), aseptic tibial loosening (1), patellar osteolysis (1), and patella aseptic loosening (1). In comparison with the fixed-bearing knee equivalent, this mobile-bearing knee demonstrated at least equivalent results in terms of survivorship, function, and patient satisfaction in the short- and mid-term.
An Algorithmic Approach to Surgical Decision Making in Acetabular Retroversion
Authors: Peters Christopher L. , Anderson Lucas A. , Erickson Jill A. , Anderson Andrew E. , Weiss Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2011

The optimum treatment for the young adult patient with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement due predominately to acetabular retroversion remains unknown. The retroversion deformity can be associated with a volumetrically deficient or sufficient acetabulum based on the adequacy of lateral and posterior coverage. We prospectively collected clinical data from 2001 to 2006 on 60 hips with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement that had radiographic evidence of acetabular retroversion defined as a crossover sign on an adequate anteroposterior radiograph or retroversion on magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. Our treatment algorithm for acetabular retroversion used measurements of acetabular coverage (lateral center edge angle and the posterior wall sign) and condition of acetabular cartilage to direct treatment of acetabular retroversion. The algorithm directed the surgeon to perform a periacetabular osteotomy in 30 hips and a surgical dislocation and osteochondroplasty of the femoral head–neck junction and acetabular rim in 30 hips.

Harris Hip Score improved from 52 to 90 in the hips treated with surgical dislocation and osteochondroplasty and 72 to 91 in the hips treated with periacetabular osteotomy, with an overall survivorship of 96% at 4 years. Patient follow-up averaged 46 months (range, 24–75 months). Elimination of the crossover sign and correction of the posterior wall sign occurred in >90% of all patients when present. The results indicate that hips with acetabular retroversion, deficient posterior and/or lateral acetabular coverage, and intact hyaline cartilage can be effectively treated with acetabular reorientation, while retroverted hips with anterior overcoverage but sufficient posterior coverage are effectively treated with osteochondroplasty of the acetabulum and proximal femur.
Inhibition Effect of Mannose-6-Phosphate on Expression of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor in Flexor Tendon Cells
Authors: Xia Changsuo , Yang Xuan-Ying , Wang Yingzhen , Sun Kang , Tian Shaoqi
Published: January 2011

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has an important role in tendon healing and adhesion formation. Inhibiting TGF-β and its receptor expression may prevent adhesions after tendon open. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of mannose-6-phosphate, a natural inhibitor of TGF-β, on TGF-β and its receptor production in tendon sheath fibroblasts, epitenon tenocytes, and endotenon tenocytes of rabbit flexor tendons.

Tendon sheath fibroblasts, epitenon tenocytes, and endotenon tenocytes were isolated from rabbit flexor tendons and cultured separately. The cells were divided into 2 groups at random: an experiment group supplemented with mannose-6-phosphate and a control group without mannose-6-phosphate. The expression of TGF-β and TGF-β receptor was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The luciferase assay measured TGF-β bioactivity. Transforming growth factor beta expression in the experimental group was not decreased compared with the control group, with no significant difference (
P
>.05) Transforming growth factor beta receptor expression in the experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group (
P
<.05). Mannose-6-phosphate significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β receptor and TGF-β bioactivity. Modulation of mannose-6-phosphate levels may provide a means of modulating the effects of TGF-β on adhesion formation in flexor tendon wound healing.
Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Accelerates Chondrocytic Phenotype Expression on Chitosan Substrate
Authors: Chang Shih-Hsin , Hsiao Yi-Wei , Lin Hsin-Yi
Published: January 2011

To find whether low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields help repair larger cartilage defects with the assistance of tissue-engineered scaffolds, we tested their effect on the behavior of chondrocyte cells cultured on chitosan films. Primary porcine chondrocytes growing on chitosan films were exposed to low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (frequency=75 Hz; impulse width=1.3 ms; strength=1.8-3 mT) 2 hours a day for 3 weeks. The cells that were not exposed to low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields served as controls. For 3 weeks, cell proliferation, viability, and expressions of type II collagen and glycosaminoglycan were measured weekly. Cell morphology and histological stains of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen were performed at the end of the test. The cell proliferation and viability of the low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields group and the control were similar each week. By the end of the third week, cells in the low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields group deposited 28% more glycosaminoglycan than the control cells. The amounts of type II collagen deposited in the low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields group were 24% and 27% higher than those of the control group by week 2 and 3, respectively. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the releases of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen. Cells from both groups grew in aggregates and possessed a spherical shape after 3 weeks.

These results suggest that low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields can enhance extracellular matrix production on chitosan substrate. Combining tissue engineering and low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields could further accelerate cartilage repair.
Arthroscopic Revision Bankart Repair: A Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: Ryu Richard K.N. , Ryu Jessica H.
Published: January 2011

Arthroscopic stabilization of primary, recurrent anterior shoulder instability has become the procedure of choice with infrequent exceptions. Failures of stabilization can and do occur. This is a Level IV retrospective analysis of arthroscopic revision Bankart surgery performed on 15 non-consecutive patients over a 4-year period with an average 22-month follow-up. The average patient age was 27.5 with 12 men and 3 women. Four of the 15 failures were from the senior author’s (R.K.N.R.) practice with the remaining 11 referred for treatment. Four of the 15 failures resulted from open surgery while the remaining 11 failed an arthroscopic stabilization procedure. Four contact/collision athletes were included, and significant bone loss was recorded in 5 patients. Operative findings included 10 recurrent Bankart lesions while 9 patients were felt to demonstrate capsular attenuation. Fourteen of the 15 had a Hill-Sachs lesion while chondromalacic change involving the anterior glenoid was noted in 13 of the 15 patients. A suture anchor technique was used with an average of 2.5 double-loaded suture anchors. In this series, 4 failures occurred after revision arthroscopic stabilization (27%) with an average SANE score of 86 (range, 65–100). One of the 5 patients with significant bone loss sustained a recurrence while 1 of 4 contact athletes failed the revision arthroscopic stabilization. Two of the 4 failures in this study subsequently underwent an open bone block procedure. Arthroscopic revision Bankart repair can be an effective alternative, but should only be considered in the properly selected patient.
Isolated Osteochondral Fracture of the Patella Without Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Bhatt Jay , Montalban Antonio Santa Cruz , Wang Kook Hyun , Lee Hee Du , Nha Kyung Wook
Published: January 2011

Chondral fractures of the patella are associated with acute dislocation of the patella. Osteochondral fracture in patellar dislocation is located in the medial facet of the patella. This article presents a case of a 15-year-old female ballerina with isolated displaced osteochondral fracture of the patella without patellar dislocation. She had no history of trauma. A Merchant’s view of both knees showed mild subluxation of the patella, a small fragment on the lateral aspect of the knee, and a small defect of the centromedial patella. Axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an osteochondral fragment measuring 13 mm medial to the patella. However, the medial patellofemoral ligament and medial retinaculum were intact. An effusion on the medial side of the patella consistent with hemarthrosis was observed. An absence of a contusion or bone bruise on the lateral femoral condyle was shown. The loose body was removed arthroscopically. Intraoperative findings included a 1.5×2 cm osteochondral fragment. It is unusual that the osteochondral patellar defect site in this patient was in the inferior and central areas of the patella. Patellar chondral fractures without dislocation or patella fracture are rare. Therefore, the possibility of a trivial trauma leading to an osteochondral fracture should be kept in mind in adolescent and young adults who present with knee pain and hemarthrosis.
The Value of Immediate Preoperative Vascular Examination in an At-Risk Patient for Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Garabekyan Tigran , Oliashirazi Ali , Winters Kristie
Published: January 2011

Arterial complications associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA), although infrequent, may be associated with the following sequelae: infection, limb loss, and rarely, death. When revascularization is undertaken in the postoperative setting, additional complications may be encountered including postischemic reperfusion injury necessitating prophylactic fasciotomies. The end result is a prolonged postoperative course leading to worse functional outcome. A preoperative history and physical examination performed by the orthopedic surgeon can determine if the patient is at increased risk for vascular complications and whether the at-risk limb can withstand the stress of the operation. Consideration should be given to obtaining ankle-brachial indexes in this patient population, noting that arterial calcification may elevate the value. This article presents a case of an immediate preoperative vascular examination, performed at the time of surgical site marking, in an at-risk patient prior to TKA. We detail the clinical course of a patient with peripheral vascular disease and indwelling superficial femoral artery stent, who developed stent thrombosis in the 2-week period between his last clinic visit and date of surgery, with no change in symptoms. This restenosis was detected on routine preoperative physical examination and resulted in cancellation of the TKA in the preoperative area, allowing the patient to undergo emergent revascularization. We emphasize the importance of an immediate preoperative vascular examination in the setting of TKA and provide a comprehensive review of the literature with guidelines on the perioperative management of antiplatelet agents and appropriate use of the tourniquet.
Surgical Treatment of an Infant with Bacille Calmette-Guérin Osteomyelitis Extending Across the Growth Plate
Authors: Ishimaru Daichi , Ogawa Hiroyasu , Ito Yoshiki , Shimizu Katsuji
Published: January 2011

Bacille Calmette-Guérin osteomyelitis in infants is a known complication of Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination. Treatment consists of antituberculosis chemotherapy after biopsy/curettage; however, in cases of Bacille Calmette-Guérin osteomyelitis extending to the growth plate and epiphysis, the extent and time of surgical treatment such as curettage/biopsy is unknown because of bone growth disturbances. This article presents a case of an infant with this type of Bacille Calmette-Guérin osteomyelitis at the proximal tibia. A metaanalytic review was performed for possible risk factors of its recurrence. In our patient, primary curettage of partial lesion, excluding the part extending to the growth plate and epiphysis, failed, and recurettage of the extended lesion involving the growth plate and epiphysis was required for its eradication, resulting in bone growth disturbance. In the metaanalysis, 7 literatures reporting 14 cases of Bacille Calmette-Guérin osteomyelitis extending to the growth plate and epiphysis were included. Although statistical analysis showed no significant risk factors associated with the recurrence, these cases showed high recurrence rate in approximately 55.6%, requiring reoperation. Generally, the smaller damage to the growth plate can minimize bone growth disturbance. Taken together, it is suggested that Bacille Calmette-Guérin osteomyelitis extending to the growth plate and epiphysis is associated with high recurrence rate, and early curettage of the entire lesion should be performed to eradicate it and avoid resulting complications.
Hip Pain as Initial Presentation for Varicella-Zoster Infection in an Adolescent Male
Authors: Micucci Chad Joseph , Nease Emily Kathryn , Tuten Hans Robert
Published: January 2011

Hip pain and varicella infections are common diagnoses affecting children and adolescents. Hip pain in childhood can be a challenging presenting complaint for the pediatrician or orthopedic physician. The differential diagnosis is broad, and ranges from benign conditions, such as transient synovitis and muscle strains, to more serious infections or malignancies. Acute hip pain is usually referred to an orthopedic surgeon, and the principal concern is to distinguish infection of the hip joint or pelvis from an irritable hip or musculoskeletal pain.

The Varicella-zoster virus, a member of the herpes virus family, often presents as a generalized, pruritic, vesicular rash. The primary infection is commonly known as chickenpox. The prevalence of varicella infections has decreased significantly over the past decade with use of the varicella vaccine. Reactivation of varicella infection, or herpes zoster, in patients younger than 20 years is seen in only 68 per 100,000 people.

Hip pain as the presenting symptom for onset of a herpes zoster infection is rare. This article presents a case of herpes zoster infection with initial presentation of hip pain in a 13-year-old boy. This case highlights the difficulty in diagnosing atraumatic joint pain in the pediatric population. The clinical importance of a thoughtful differential diagnosis, and the necessity of close follow-up by a pediatrician and/or orthopedic surgeon until there is a confirmed diagnosis cannot be overstated.
Role-Play Using SBAR Technique to Improve Observed Communication Skills in Senior Nursing Students
Authors: Kesten Karen S.
Published: January 2011

Patients in the care of clinically expert professionals suffer medical errors with alarming frequency. The Joint Commission’s National Patient Safety Goals strives to improve the effectiveness of communication among caregivers by recommending the implementation of a standardized tool known as SBAR (
S
ituation,
B
ackground,
A
ssessment, and
R
ecommendation). This experimental study evaluated data from undergraduate nursing students (
N
= 115) on their performance using a standardized communication tool SBAR. The mean performance scores of the didactic plus role-play students were significantly higher than those who had didactic instruction alone (
t
= −2.6,
p
= 0.005). Findings suggest role-play may have a place in teaching communication skills in nursing schools as well as continuing education and training in hospitals and other health care settings. Interdisciplinary communication training may provide even more effective learning. The link between effective communication and improved patient outcomes also should be studied.
Evaluating the Use of Simulation with Beginning Nursing Students
Authors: Alfes Celeste M.
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of simulation versus a traditional skills laboratory method in promoting self-confidence and satisfaction with learning among beginning nursing students. A single convenience sample of 63 first-semester baccalaureate nursing students learning effective comfort care measures were recruited to compare the two teaching methods. Students participating in the simulation experience were statistically more confident than students participating in the traditional group. There was a slight, nonsignificant difference in satisfaction with learning between the two groups. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between self-confidence and satisfaction. Students in both groups reported higher levels of self-confidence following the learning experiences. Findings may influence the development of simulation experiences for beginning nursing students and encourage the implementation of simulation as a strand from beginning to end in nursing curricula.
Using Text Messaging in an Undergraduate Nursing Course
Authors: Richardson April , Littrell Ofelia M. , Challman Sandra , Stein Pamela
Published: January 2011

Text messaging is a popular means of communication among young adults. Consequently, this mode of communication may be used to positively influence students in their academic studies. In this study, students were given the opportunity to receive text or e-mail messages regarding lecture content. Short message reminders, in the form of texts or e-mails, were used to send bite-sized course content to undergraduate nursing students. Messages included questions that would be answered in the next day’s lecture or reiterated a main point presented in the previous day’s lecture. Following a survey at the end of the course, text users responded positively toward this pedagogical approach and felt the use of text messaging enhanced their learning experience. E-mail users reported a short message reminder was moderately useful to their study of anatomy. These results suggest text messaging may be a valuable tool for educators as they seek to incorporate technology into the classroom.
Pediatric Clinical Simulation: A Pilot Project
Authors: Parker Ramona Ann , McNeill Jeanette A. , Pelayo Lula Westrup , Goei Kathleen A. , Howard Joyce , Gunter M. Danielle
Published: January 2011

With increased enrollment, nursing faculty are finding clinical placement for students more difficult, especially in clinical areas such as child health. Simulation using moderate-fidelity and high-fidelity manikins offers evidence-based and innovative approaches to augment traditional clinical experiences. However, few studies quantitatively examine student outcomes associated with clinical simulation. This article describes student learning outcomes related to traditional and hybrid (part simulation and part traditional clinical) undergraduate clinical experiences in a baccalaureate nursing program. In addition, the use of faculty-developed simulation scenarios integration of Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies into four pediatric scenarios, as well as the educational development of faculty at a simulation center, are presented.
Podcasting: A New Tool for Student Retention?
Authors: Greenfield Sue
Published: January 2011

Emerging mobile technologies offer nursing faculty a broader armamentarium with which to support traditionally at-risk students. Podcasting, a type of mobile learning, uses technology that allows students to access and listen to recorded classroom audio files from a computer, MP3 player, or iPod. Podcasting also offers particular promise for non-native English speakers. This article describes how podcasting was used to offer academic support to students in a medical-surgical nursing course and to report the postimplementation test grade improvement among English as a second language nursing students. This article also discusses tips for implementing podcasting within the educational arena. Developing innovative ways to improve student retention is an ongoing process. Podcasting is one tool that should be considered for English as a second language nursing students.
Introducing Personal Digital Assistants to Enhance Nursing Education in Undergraduate and Graduate Nursing Programs
Authors: Cibulka Nancy J. , Crane-Wider Lottchen
Published: January 2011

This article describes how a school of nursing implemented an innovative program to introduce personal digital assistants to undergraduate and graduate nursing students. Undergraduate students studying pharmacology and nurse practitioner graduate students in an adult health course were asked to purchase a personal digital assistant privately or through the university bookstore. Faculty selected an appropriate software package. After students were oriented to the hardware and software package, innovative teaching strategies were implemented to help guide students to use their mobile devices to access clinically relevant information. Student feedback about this experience was positive. The most important elements for successful adoption of personal digital assistants are to provide training for both faculty and students, and to develop learning opportunities using the technology. Use of mobile technologies is an important competency that will improve the quality of nursing practice and therefore should be included in nursing curricula.
Preceptorship: Shaping the Art of Nursing Through Practical Wisdom
Authors: Myrick Florence , Yonge Olive , Billay Diane B. , Luhanga Florence L.
Published: January 2011

With so much emphasis having been focused on the development of nursing science and most recently on evidence-based practice, little attention has been directed toward the art of nursing or the practical wisdom that constitutes the spirit of that art. Practical wisdom is the performance of actions intended to preserve and enhance the well-being of others regardless of the context or circumstances involved. Although technically and from a knowledge perspective, nurses consider the most effective and efficient way to administer care, it is through their use of practical wisdom that they actually engage in the art of nursing to provide that care. Because preceptorship is so pivotal to influencing students in the way they approach their nursing care, this approach to teaching-learning in the clinical environment provides an excellent modality by which to cultivate practical wisdom and ultimately to shape the art of nursing.
Innovative University Partnership Meets Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Program Need amid Faculty Shortage
Authors: Siewert Rebecca Chuffo , Rasmussen Lynn B. , Lofgren Maria A. , Clinton Patricia
Published: January 2011

This nation is facing a significant nursing faculty shortage not only at the undergraduate but also at the graduate level. As nursing faculty, we must be innovative in considering ways of consolidating resources in this time of demand for advanced practice nurses. With the apparent need for qualified neonatal nurse practitioners in Iowa, the University of Iowa understood the importance of starting a neonatal nurse practitioners program. The University of Iowa College of Nursing and the University of Missouri-Kansas City formed a partnership to educate neonatal nurse practitioners. Although this partnership concentrates on a specific subspecialty population, it can serve as a pilot project that could be adapted by those who care for other diverse populations. The nurse faculty shortage requires innovative solutions, and a model such as this one may provide solutions for other institutions.
A New Approach to Clinical Remediation
Authors: Lynn Megan Cecere , Twigg Regina Donovan
Published: January 2011

The clinical faculty at the University of Maryland School of Nursing recognized that many students in the adult health course were struggling in the clinical environment. The faculty had access to a remediation program that was self-directed and did not provide individualized instruction. The limitations of the remediation program prompted a redesign that focused on a student-centered approach. The new remediation program involves a four-step process using human patient simulators and individualized instruction based on students’ learning needs. The revised remediation program has been in place for more than a year, and the clinical faculty have reported a noticeable improvement in students’ clinical knowledge, skills, and judgment at the completion of the program. In addition, the program has helped to decrease the attrition rate of students from the clinical component of the adult health program by 4% to 6%.
Artiflex Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation After Corneal Collagen Cross-linking in Keratoconic Eyes
Authors: Izquierdo Luis , Henriquez Maria A. , McCarthy Martin
Published: January 2011

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and stability of the Artiflex (Ophtec BV) foldable anterior iris-claw phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) following corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in select cases of progressive keratoconus.

METHODS:

This prospective, comparative study, conducted between March 2007 and June 2008, involved 11 eyes with progressive keratoconus. Inclusion criteria were progressive keratoconus (Amsler-Krumeich classification grades I and II) with no corneal opacities, corneal thickness >450 μm, endothelial cell count >2500 cells/mm
2
, anterior chamber depth >3.2 mm, spherical equivalent refraction >4.50 diopters (D) (with a cylinder component <2.00 D), and no other treatment for keratoconus other than contact lens. Each patient underwent CXL in the keratoconic eye with implantation of the Artiflex IOL 6 months thereafter. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and refraction and topographic profiles were examined at 1, 6, and 12 months after the CXL procedure.

RESULTS:

All eyes achieved UDVA of 0.3 logMAR or better. Final spherical and cylindrical error ranged from 0 to −1.50 D and 0 to −1.75 D, respectively. No eyes lost lines of preoperative CDVA. Statistically significant reductions in mean maximum (2.14 D,
P
<.001) and minimum (1.17 D,
P
=.02) keratometry values were present 12 months after the CXL procedure. No complications were observed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Combined CXL and Artiflex implantation was a safe and effective treatment in this subset of eyes with progressive keratoconus. Good results in terms of visual acuity, postoperative residual refractive error, and keratometry values were identified.
Experiencing Therapy through Doing: Making Quilts
Authors: Dickie Virginia A.
Published: January 2011

This study describes the concept of therapeutic benefits in doing, based on analysis of data from 2 years of ethnographic research with contemporary quilt making in North Carolina. The aim of the larger study was to describe and gain understanding of a popular occupation within the larger cultural, political, and socioeconomic context. The aim of the current study was to determine whether therapeutic aspects of quilting were part of the dialogue about quilting and, if so, how this aspect was described. Data were obtained from participant observation with nine quilt guilds and public quilting venues (stores and shows), review of quilting web sites, and interviews with 18 women. Coding of these data identified many themes, one of which was quilting as therapy. This code was used for any content that explicitly used the term therapy or spoke of ways that quilting was used to handle difficult circumstances or elicit a sense of well-being. For this article, all of the data coded as therapy were excerpted and analyzed further by reading and rereading them and organizing them into broad concepts that were refined by returning to the data. Ultimately two types of a self-generated therapeutic use of quilt making were identified—mundane and exceptional. Mundane therapy was part of women's daily routines, whereas exceptional therapy was taken up in response to difficult events or times in people's lives. These findings describe a possible link between occupation and health.
Automated Donor Tissue Preparation for Descemet Membrane Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMAEK): An Experimental Study
Authors: Kymionis George D. , Yoo Sonia H. , Diakonis Vasilios F. , Grentzelos Michael A. , Naoumidi Irini , Pallikaris Ioannis G.
Published: January 2011

Background and Objective:

Graft harvesting for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) occurs manually and demonstrates surgical difficulties. In the current study, a mechanical automated technique for preparing a donor Descemet membrane (DM) carrying autologous endothelium for DMEK was evaluated.

Materials and Methods:

Ten rabbit corneas were placed on an artificial anterior chamber and mechanical separation of the DM was conducted using an Epi-keratome (Senturium; Norwood Abbey EyeCare, Victoria, Australia). All DM specimens were properly fixated and optical microscopy was performed.

Results:

DM separation was achieved in a controlled fashion in 7 of 10 eyes. As demonstrated by optical microscopy of the specimens, no corneal stroma was attached on the DM, whereas the endothelial layer was preserved in several areas.

Conclusion:

Automated separation of the DM can be achieved using an Epi-keratome. Additional studies and improvements of the current technique are needed to draw final conclusions.
Age-Related Differences in the Quality of Life of Chinese Women Undergoing Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: So Winnie Kwok-wei , Choi Kai-chow , Chan Carman Wing-han , Chair Sek-ying
Published: January 2011

A cross-sectional descriptive design was used in this study to compare the quality of life of younger (<60) and older (⩾60) Chinese women undergoing adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. A total of 261 patients completed a self-report survey on their demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast Cancer and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey-Chinese version. Stepwise regression was used for secondary analysis. Significant differences between the two groups were established in the total score (
p
= 0.049), and the physical well-being (
p
= 0.048), emotional well-being (
p
= 0.014), and breast cancer (
p
< 0.001) subscales after adjustment for potential confounding variables. The older group had better overall quality of life, physical and emotional well-being, and higher breast cancer subscale scores than the younger group. However, health care professionals need to be aware of the confounding factors identified and of certain cultural values, which may also influence the quality of life of these older patients.
Cervical Cancer Screening and Older Mexican American Women: A Case Study
Authors: Flores Bertha “Penny” , Volker Deborah L.
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore an older Mexican American woman's decision-making process to engage in cervical cancer screening. A qualitative single case study design was used along with a purposive, typical case sampling strategy. The participant, a 52-year-old Mexican American woman, was interviewed using a semi-structured format. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. The analytic process revealed three concepts and motivators that influenced the participant's behavior regarding cervical cancer screening practices: knowledge, family history, and sexual history. As such, these findings are useful for crafting subsequent investigations. Although the study participant's experience is instructive regarding facilitators or motivators for engaging in screening practices, further exploration of barriers faced by older Mexican American women who decline to be screened is warranted.
Legacy of Yugoslav Ethnologies and Contemporary Research of Post-socialism
Authors: Prica Ines
Published: January 2011

U izlaganju se razmatraju uvjeti za antropološko istraživanje postsocijalističkih društava s obzirom na znanstveno nasljeđe etnologija u socijalizmu, posebno na primjeru hrvatske etnologije kao nekadašnjeg dijela jugoslavenskog sustava različitih etnoloških znanstvenih tradicija. Praznina etnografije socijalizma ali i elementi znanstvene postkolonijalnosti u istraživanju i interpretaciji istočnoeuropskih društava od strane zapadne antropologije posljednjih desetak godina otčitavaju se u nasljeđu bivših socijalističkih etnologija i njihovih nesvjesnih ili dirigiranih interpretativnih interesa. *** The conditions for the anthropological research of post-socialist societies are discussed with regard to the legacy of ethnologies in socialism, with the accent on the Croatian ethnology as the former part of the Yugoslav system of different ethnological scientific traditions. The blankness of ethnography of socialism, but also some features of the current anthropological interpretation of the East European cultures, are detected in the underlying heritage of the former socialist ethnologies and their unconscious or dictated interpretative interests.
Wallfahrt und Wallfahrtsforschung. Aktuelle Tendenzen und Zugänge
Authors: Eberhart Helmut
Published: January 2011

Avtor kritično pregleda zgodovino raziskovanja romanja. Na podlagi pomanjkljivosti predstavi romanje kot mnogoplastni fenomen in kulturni sistem. Pozornost je s ciljev romarskih poti razširjena na doživljanje romarjev, izhodiščne kraje romanja in romarsko potovanje. Avtor na primeru romanj v Avstriji razkriva proces sekularizacije romanja, pri katerem je poleg verskega vse bolj v ospredju družabni nagib. Avtor meni, da bi primerjalne raziskave romanja razkrile tudi ustvarjanje skupne evropske identitete.
***
Nachdem der Verf. in die Geschichte der Wallfahrtsforschung seinen kritischen Einsicht genommen hat, stellt er aufgrund der bisherigen mangelhaften Wallfahrtsforschungen die Wallfahrt als vielfältiges Phänomen und kulturelles System vor. Die Aufmerksamkeit wird nun von den Wallfahrtsorten auf die Erlebnisse der Wallfahrer, auf die Ausgangsorte und auf die eigentliche Wallfahrtsreise erweitert. Auf Grund der Wallfahrten in Österreich offenbart der Verf. den Prozeß der Wallfahrtsekularisierung, wobei neben der religiösen Neigung immer mehr die gesellschaftliche in der Vordergrund tritt. Der Verfasser ist der Meinung, die vergleichende Wallfahrtsforschungen könnten der Bildung der gemeinsammen europäischen Identität dienen.
Cheese Making in the Kamnik and the Savinja Dairy Mountains in the Light of Archaeological Finds and Historic Sources
Authors: Cevc Tone
Published: January 2011

Razprava obravnava začetke izdelave sira v Kamniško-Savinjskih Alpah. Analizirane so arheološke najdbe (lončena torila in posode) in pisni zgodovinski viri (urbarji). Odprto je ostalo vprašanje, ali so v antiki v planinah tudi sirili. Gornjegrajski urbar iz leta 1426 in reformirani urbar zgornjekamniškega gospostva iz leta 1571 dokazujeta sirastvo v visokem srednjem veku.
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The paper looks at the beginnings of cheese making in the Kamnik and the Savinja Alps. Analyzed are archaeological artefacts (cheese moulds, clay vessels for milk) and written historical sources (land registers). The question whether in antiquity the shepherds who were grazing cattle on mountain pastures also processed cheese remains unanswered. Land registers, for instance the 1426 land register of Gornji grad and the reformed land register of the Upper Kamnik seigneury from 1571, contain more data on the cheese making tradition in the High Middle Ages.
Istrian Refugees
Authors: Fakin Jasna , Jerman Katja
Published: January 2011

Avtorici v prispevku obravnavata v slovenski etnologiji manj raziskane istrske begunce. V prvem delu poiščeta vzroke za povojne migracije prebivalstva iz slovenske Istre, predstavita glavne naselitvene valove in pojasnita rabo termina »istrski begunci«. V nadaljevanju opišeta naseljevanje v barakarska naselja, graditev begunskih naselij v tržaškem zaledju in življenje v njih. Nato pa se osredotočita na odzive lokalnega prebivalstva ob naselitvi istrskih beguncev in na to, kako se v vsakdanjem ravnanju kaže njihova (ne)sprejetost.
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Refugees from Istria have not been frequently examined by Slovenian ethnologists. Discussed are the reasons for their emigration after the Second World War, principal waves of emigration, and the origin of the term »Istrian refugees«. The authors examine the refugees’ barrack camps, the building of refugee settlements in the hinterland of Trieste, the life in these settlements, and the reactions of the local population to the newcomers.
Seasonal Work in the Memory of the People of Apátistvánfalva
Authors: Munda Hirnök Katalin
Published: January 2011

V pričujočem prispevku so predstavljeni izsledki terenske raziskave o sezonskem zaposlovanju prebivalcev Števanovcev (južni del Porabja) med obema vojnama, ko je bilo med vaščani sezonsko delo še zmeraj razširjeno. Na sezonskem delu zasluženi pridelek je bil pomemben vir za preživetje družin. Večmesečno bivanje na posestvih v različnih županijah na Madžarskem, kakor tudi v Nemčiji, je pustilo globoke sledi v spominu Števanovčanov. Pričevanja nekdanjih sezonskih delavcev so pomemben vir pri preučevanju sezonskega zaposlovanja porabskih Slovencev.
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The paper focuses on the findings of a fieldwork research on seasonal work practices of the people of Apátistvánfalva (Števanovci in Slovenian) in the south of Porabje, an area situated in a triangle between Hungary, Slovenia, and Austria. In the period between the First and the Second World Wars, seasonal work was still a significant source of income for the local population. The time spent working in different regions of Hungary as well as Germany, which usually lasted several months, has remained very much alive in the memories of the villagers of Števanovci. Recounts of former seasonal workers and their family members represent an important source for the study of seasonal work of Slovenians from Porabje.
Contemporary Legends among Slovenian Students in Ljubljana
Authors: Kropej Monika
Published: January 2011

V članku se avtorica osredotoča predvsem na vsebino in sporočilnost pripovedi, ki krožijo med slovenskimi študenti na ljubljanski univerzi danes, kakor tudi na odsev družbenih in aktualnih dogajanj v sodobnih študentskih zgodbah. Raziskava tudi odkriva, v kakšni obliki in okoliščinah se v današnjem slovenskem prostoru pojavlja sodobno študentsko pripovedništvo, kakor tudi prepoznavnost kulturne dediščine in dediščine tradicionalnih pripovednih motivov v sodobnih zgodbah.
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The author focuses on the contents and significance of contemporary legends that are being recounted by Slovene students at the University of Ljubljana. These tales reflect the current social and other circumstances within the Slovene society. Analyzed are also the forms and circumstances in which these contemporary tales manifest themselves, as well as the elements of our cultural heritage and the heritage of traditional narrative motifs in contemporary legends.
The Communication of Intangible Traditions to Museum Public
Authors: Gačnik Aleš
Published: January 2011

Članek govori o kritiki muzejev in muzejskih razstav (mask) z vidika (etnološke) muzeologije. Poudarjeno je poslanstvo sodobnih muzejev kot varuhov in generatorjev kulture in posrednikov znanja, poudarjeni so nekateri muzeološki koncepti in muzejsko predstavljanje mask v evropskih muzejih. Ugotavljamo, da je bogastvo maskirnih tradicij v muzejih zminimalizirano na estetsko in morfološko podobo maske, očiščeno obrednih pomenov in vsebin, lastnim fenomenu tradicionalnega pustnega izročila. Idealiziranje realnosti, ki se zgodi s fetišizacijo predmetov, pri obiskovalcih razstav ustvarja napačno podobo o vlogi in pomenu tradicionalnih mask v zgodovini svetovnih civilizacij.
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The paper presents some critical remarks of museums and museum exhibitions on masks from the perspective of ethnological museology. Emphasized is the purpose of modern museums as transmitters of knowledge and guardians and generators of culture. Discussed are certain museological concepts and the manner of presenting exhibitions on masks in European museums. The author suggests that the wealth of masking traditions, on display in museums, has been minimalized to aesthetic and morphological mask forms, but devoid of any ritual characteristics that are an essential part of traditional Shrovetide customs. Upon seeing the exhibited objects that have been rendered to the level of fetishes in order to convey an idealized view of reality visitors acquire a false notion about the role and importance of traditional masks in the history of world civilizations.
Dwelling in Traditional Japanese House
Authors: Visočnik Nataša
Published: January 2011

Članek povzema rezultate terenskega dela in raziskovanja tradicionalne japonske hiše. Na podlagi raziskave primera mestne hiše iz edskega obdobja v muzeju Boso no mura na Japonskem je predstavljena tradicionalna bivalna kultura. V bivalni kulturi se kažejo vplivi naravnih in družbenih značilnosti obdobja in tako študija japonskega bivališča priskrbi vpogled v karakter japonskega naroda in oblikovnih dejstev v kulturni rasti.
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The article summarizes the results of the fieldwork and researching of the traditional Japanese house. On the basis of researching of the exemplary house, namely the city house from Edo period in Boso no mura Museum, the traditional dwelling culture is represented. In dwelling culture the influences of the natural and social characteristics of the period are shown, and in that way the study of the Japanese dwelling provides an insight to the characteristic of the Japanese people and formative facts in cultural grow.
Concurrent Allorecognition Has a Limited Impact on Posttransplant Vaccination
Authors: Manzo Teresa , Hess Michelini Rodrigo , Basso Veronica , Ricupito Alessia , Chai Jian-Guo , Simpson Elizabeth , Bellone Matteo , Mondino Anna
Published: January 2011

Transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells with or without immunocompetent lymphocytes has proved a successful strategy in the treatment of hematological malignancies. We have recently shown that this approach can also cure mouse prostate cancer, provided that it is combined with tumor-specific vaccination. Whether the response to alloantigens acts by providing helper function to enhance vaccine-specific responses or in other ways impinges on vaccine immunogenicity remains to be clarified, and this question is of clinical relevance. In this study, we have addressed this issue by comparing the immunogenicity of dendritic cells pulsed with a peptide derived from a tumor/viral model Ag in recipients of donor cells either syngeneic to the host or differing for either Y-encoded or multiple minor H antigens. We report that vaccination elicits comparable proliferation and differentiation of peptide-specific CD8+ T cells despite concurrent expansion and differentiation of minor H antigen-specific IFN-γ effector T cells. Depletion of alloreactive CD4+ T cells reduced alloreactivity but not vaccine-induced CD8+ T cell priming, suggesting that alloresponses do not provide helper functions in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Vaccine-mediated T cell priming was also preserved in the case of multiple minor H antigen disparities, prone to graft-versus-host disease. Thus, in the context of nonmyeloablative allotransplantation aimed at restoring an effective tumor-specific T cell repertoire, minor H antigen-specific T cells do not interfere with vaccine-induced T cell priming, supporting the notion that posttransplant vaccination is a valuable strategy to boost tumor and pathogen-specific protective immunity.