bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiology and Resource Use of Fever of Unknown Origin in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Antoon James W. , Peritz David C. , Parsons Michael R. , Skinner Asheley C. , Lohr Jacob A.
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a well-known pediatric presentation. The primary studies determining the causes of prolonged fever in children were performed 4 decades ago, before major advances in laboratory and diagnostic testing. Given that the distribution of diagnosed causes of adult FUO has changed in recent decades, we hypothesized that the etiology of FUO in children has concordantly changed and also may be impacted by a definition that includes a shorter required duration of fever.

METHODS:

A single-center, retrospective review of patients 6 months to 18 years of age admitted to the North Carolina Children’s Hospital from January 1, 2002, to December 21, 2012, with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of fever, a documented fever duration >7 days before admission, and a previous physician evaluation of each patient’s illness.

RESULTS:

A total of 1164 patients were identified, and of these, 102 met our inclusion criteria for FUO. Etiologic categories included “infectious” (42 out of 102 patients), “autoimmune” (28 out of 102 patients), “oncologic” (18 out of 102 patients), and “other” or “unknown” (14 out of 102 patients). Several clinical factors were statistically and significantly different between etiologic categories, including fever length, laboratory values, imaging performed, length of stay, and hospital costs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Unlike adult studies, the categorical distribution of diagnoses for pediatric FUO has marginally shifted compared to previously reported pediatric studies. Patients hospitalized with FUO undergo prolonged hospital stays and have high hospital costs. Additional study is needed to improve the recognition, treatment, and expense of diagnosis of prolonged fever in children.
Universal Screening for Perinatal Depression
Authors: Diaz Nicole M. , Plunkett Beth A.
Published: March 2018

Perinatal depression, defined as maternal depression that occurs during the antenatal period or the first 12 months after delivery, is a leading cause of maternal morbidity. Although some women may have risk factors for the development of perinatal depression, screening based on risk factors alone is insufficient. In this article, we summarize the validated screening tools that have been used clinically to assess for perinatal depression. We then review the implementation process of universal screening during the obstetric and pediatric office visits and in the setting of the NICU. We conclude that obstetricians, neonatologists, and pediatricians can influence the quality of life for mothers and their children through successful implementation of validated screening tools for perinatal depression.
Models of Care Delivery for Children With Medical Complexity
Authors: Pordes Elisabeth , Gordon John , Sanders Lee M. , Cohen Eyal
Published: March 2018

Children with medical complexity (CMC) are a subset of children and youth with special health care needs with high resource use and health care costs. Novel care delivery models in which care coordination and other services to CMC are provided are a focus of national and local health care and policy initiatives. Current models of care for CMC can be grouped into 3 main categories: (1) primary care–centered models, (2) consultative- or comanagement-centered models, and (3) episode-based models. Each model has unique advantages and disadvantages. Evaluations of these models have demonstrated positive outcomes, but most studies have limited generalizability for broader populations of CMC. A lack of standardized outcomes and population definitions for CMC hinders assessment of the comparative effectiveness of different models of care and identification of which components of the models lead to positive outcomes. Ongoing challenges include inadequate support for family caregivers and threats to the sustainability of models of care. Collaboration among key stakeholders (patients, families, providers, payers, and policy makers) is needed to address the gaps in care and create best practice guidelines to ensure the delivery of high-value care for CMC.
Evolving Federal and State Health Care Policy: Toward a More Integrated and Comprehensive Care-Delivery System for Children With Medical Complexity
Authors: Langer Carolyn S. , Antonelli Richard C. , Chamberlain Lisa , Pan Richard J. , Keller David
Published: March 2018

Irrespective of any future changes in federal health policy, the momentum to shift from fee-for-service to value-based payment systems is likely to persist. Public and private payers continue to move toward alternative payment models that promote novel care-delivery systems and greater accountability for health outcomes. With a focus on population health, patient-centered medical homes, and care coordination, alternative payment models hold the potential to promote care-delivery systems that address the unique needs of children with medical complexity (CMC), including nonmedical needs and the social determinants of health. Notwithstanding, the implementation of care systems with meaningful quality measures for CMC poses unique and substantive challenges. Stakeholders must view policy options for CMC in the context of transformation within the overall health system to understand how broader health system changes impact care delivery for CMC.
Variation in Anthropometric Status and Growth Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Mejía-Guevara Iván , Corsi Daniel J. , Perkins Jessica M. , Kim Rockli , Subramanian S.V.
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Addressing anthropometric failure in low- and middle-income countries can have 2 targets of inference: addressing differences between individuals within populations (Wpop) or differences between populations (Bpop). We present a multilevel framework to apply both targets of inference simultaneously and quantify the extent to which variation in anthropometric status and growth failure is reflective of undernourished children or undernourished populations.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional data originated from the Demographic and Health Surveys program, covering children under age 5 from 57 countries surveyed between 2001 and 2015.

RESULTS:

A majority of variation in child anthropometric status and growth failure was attributable to Wpop-associated differences, accounting for 89%, 83%, and 85% of the variability in z scores for height for age, weight for age, and weight for height. Bpop-associated differences (communities, regions, and countries combined) were associated with 11%, 17%, and 15% of the variation in height-for-age z score, weight-for-age z score, and weight-for-height z score. Prevalence of anthropometric failure was closely correlated with mean levels of height and weight. Approximately 1% of Wpop variability, compared with 30% to 50% of the Bpop variability, was explained by mean values of maternal correlates of anthropometric status and failure. Although there is greater explanatory power Bpop, this varied because of modifiability of what constitutes population.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results suggest that universal strategies to prevent future anthropometric failure in populations combined with targeted strategies to address both the impending and existing burden among children are needed.
Pediatric Medication Safety in the Emergency Department
Authors: Benjamin Lee , Frush Karen , Shaw Kathy , Shook Joan E. , Snow Sally K. ,   AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine,   AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee,   EMERGENCY NURSES ASSOCIATION Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee, Wright Joseph , Adirim Terry , Agus Michael S.D. , Callahan James , Gross Toni , Lane Natalie , Lee Lois , Mazor Suzan , Mahajan Prashant , Timm Nathan , Joseph Madeline , Alade Kiyetta , Amato Christopher , Avarello Jahn T. , Baldwin Steven , Barata Isabel A. , Berg Kathleen , Brown Kathleen , Bullard-Berent Jeffrey , Dietrich Ann Marie , Friesen Phillip , Gerardi Michael , Heins Alan , Holtzman Doug K. , Homme Jeffrey , Horeczko Timothy , Ishimine Paul , Lam Samuel , Long Katharine , Mayz Kurtis , Mehta Sanjay , Mellick Larry , Ojo Aderonke , Paul Audrey Z. , Pauze Denis R. , Pearson Nadia M. , Perina Debra , Petrack Emory , Rayburn David , Rose Emily , Russell W. Scott , Ruttan Timothy , Saidinejad Mohsen , Sanders Brian , Simpson Joelle , Solari Patrick , Stoner Michael , Valente Jonathan H. , Wall Jessica , Wallin Dina , Waseem Muhammad , Whiteman Paula J. , Woolridge Dale , Young Tiffany , Foresman-Capuzzi Joyce , Johnson Rose , Martin Heather , Milici Justin , Brandt Cam , Nelson Nicholas
Published: March 2018

Pediatric patients cared for in emergency departments (EDs) are at high risk of medication errors for a variety of reasons. A multidisciplinary panel was convened by the Emergency Medical Services for Children program and the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine to initiate a discussion on medication safety in the ED. Top opportunities identified to improve medication safety include using kilogram-only weight-based dosing, optimizing computerized physician order entry by using clinical decision support, developing a standard formulary for pediatric patients while limiting variability of medication concentrations, using pharmacist support within EDs, enhancing training of medical professionals, systematizing the dispensing and administration of medications within the ED, and addressing challenges for home medication administration before discharge.
Effect of Processing on Nix-Gao Bilinear Indentation Results Obtained for High Purity Iron
Authors: Soman Prasad Pramod , Herbert Erik Gregory , Aifantis Katerina E. , Hackney Stephen A.
Published: March 2018

Instrumented indentation of a high purity Fe surface with unresolved surface deformation due to mechanical polishing is compared to the same grain surface annealed at increasing time and temperature. The differences in indentation size effect behavior with annealing are correlated with hardness and electron backscatter diffraction measurements as independent measures of surface layer deformation. It is found that the Nix Gao plot evolves from non-linear (bilinear) towards the predicted linear relationship as the surface deformation is removed. The experimental observations are rationalized by inclusion of a depth dependent, polishing induced forest dislocation density within the Nix-Gao model.
Density Functional Theory study of Cu doped {0001} and {01$\overline 1 $2} surfaces of hematite for water splitting
Authors: Simfukwe Joseph , Mapasha Refilwe Edwin , Braun Artur , Diale Mmantsae
Published: March 2018

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations study of Cu doped {0001} and {01–12} surfaces of hematite for enhanced water splitting have been carried out. The doping was restricted to planes in the vicinity of the surface, specifically from the top most layers to the third inner layer of Fe atoms. Thermodynamic stabilities were evaluated based on surface energies and formation energies. The evaluation of thermodynamic stabilities (negative formation energy values) shows that the systems are thermodynamically stable which suggest that they can be synthesized in the laboratory under favorable conditions. Doping on the top most layer yields the energetically most favorable structure. The calculated charge density difference plots showed the concentration of charge mainly at the top of the surface (termination region), and this charge depleted from the Cu atom to the surrounding Fe and O atoms. This phenomenon (concentration of charge at the top of the surface) is likely to reduce the distance moved by the charge carriers, decrease in charge recombination leading to facile transfer of charge to the adsorbate and, suggesting improved photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity of hematite. The analysis of electron electronic structure reveals that Cu doped surface systems does not only decrease the band gap but also leads to the correct conduction band alignment for direct water splitting without external bias voltage.
KEBUTUHAN PROTEIN PAKAN UNTUK PERFORMA OPTIMAL BENIH IKAN PATIN PASUPATI (PANGASIID)
Authors: Tahapari Evi , Darmawan Jadmiko
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kandungan protein optimum pakan untuk menunjang pertumbuhan maksimal dalam pemeliharaan benih ikan patin pasupati. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah pakan dengan kandungan protein berbeda, yaitu: A. 30%, B. 35%, C. 40%, dan D. 45%. Wadah pemeliharaan ikan uji adalah bak fiber berukuran 57 cm x 36 cm x 29 cm. Sebanyak 30 ekor ikan uji berukuran bobot awal 0,94 ± 0,13 g dengan panjang awal 3,82 ± 0,21 cm; ditebar ke dalam setiap bak. Percobaan berlangsung selama empat puluh hari. Ikan diberi pakan lima kali/hari sebanyak 10% dari biomassa ikan. Parameter yang diamati adalah laju pertumbuhan bobot, pertumbuhan panjang, retensi protein, rasio konversi pakan, dan sintasan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam pada selang kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (Uji BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan dengan kandungan protein 40% (perlakuan C) memberikan performa pertumbuhan bobot, pertambahan panjang, retensi protein, dan konversi pakan terbaik (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Sintasan ikan pada perlakuan A, B, dan C berturut-turut sebesar 81,11%; 80,00%; dan 80,00% dan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Ikan pada perlakuan D memiliki sintasan terendah yaitu 72,22%.This study was aimed to determine the optimum feed protein content to support maximum growth performance of catfish juveniles. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of different protein contents of artificial feed, namely: A. 30%, B. 35%, C. 40%, and D. 45%. The test fish were reared in fiber tank containers sized 57 cm x 36 cm x 29 cm. A total of 30 fish with an initial weight of 0.94 ± 0.13 g and length of 3.82 ± 0.21 cm were stocked into each tank. The experiment lasted for forty days. Fish were fed with the experimental feeds five times/day as much as 10% of the fish biomass. The parameters observed were weight growth rate, growth length, protein retention, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance at 95% confidence interval and continued with the least significant difference (LSD) test. The results showed that the feed with a crude protein content of 40% (treatment C) gave the best growth performance, protein retention and feed conversion and significantly different compared with the other treatments (P <0.05). The survival rate of fish in treatment A, B, and C were 81.11%, 80.00%, and 80.00%, respectively which was not significantly different (P>0.05). Fish in the treatment D had the lowest survival rate (72.22%).
Hemodialysis Induces an Acute Decline in Cerebral Blood Flow in Elderly Patients
Authors: Polinder-Bos Harmke A. , García David Vállez , Kuipers Johanna , Elting Jan Willem J. , Aries Marcel J.H. , Krijnen Wim P. , Groen Henk , Willemsen Antoon T.M. , van Laar Peter J. , Strijkert Fijanne , Luurtsema Gert , Slart Riemer H.J.A. , Westerhuis Ralf , Gansevoort Ron T. , Gaillard Carlo A.J.M. , Franssen Casper F.M.
Published: March 2018

The initiation of hemodialysis is associated with an accelerated decline of cognitive function and an increased incidence of cerebrovascular accidents and white matter lesions. Investigators have hypothesized that the repetitive circulatory stress of hemodialysis induces ischemic cerebral injury, but the mechanism is unclear. We studied the acute effect of conventional hemodialysis on cerebral blood flow (CBF), measured by [15O]H2O positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT). During a single hemodialysis session, three [15O]H2O PET-CT scans were performed: before, early after the start of, and at the end of hemodialysis. We used linear mixed models to study global and regional CBF change during hemodialysis. Twelve patients aged ≥65 years (five women, seven men), with a median dialysis vintage of 46 months, completed the study. Mean (±SD) arterial BP declined from 101±11 mm Hg before hemodialysis to 93±17 mm Hg at the end of hemodialysis. From before the start to the end of hemodialysis, global CBF declined significantly by 10%±15%, from a mean of 34.5 to 30.5 ml/100g per minute (difference, −4.1 ml/100 g per minute; 95% confidence interval, −7.3 to −0.9 ml/100 g per minute; P=0.03). CBF decline (20%) was symptomatic in one patient. Regional CBF declined in all volumes of interest, including the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes; cerebellum; and thalamus. Higher tympanic temperature, ultrafiltration volume, ultrafiltration rate, and pH significantly associated with lower CBF. Thus, conventional hemodialysis induces a significant reduction in global and regional CBF in elderly patients. Repetitive intradialytic decreases in CBF may be one mechanism by which hemodialysis induces cerebral ischemic injury.
Hoe jong Afrikaanssprekende kinders betekenis aan hul vroeë taalgebruik verbind
Authors: Brink N , Breed A
Published: March 2018

Eerstetaalverwerwing kan beskryf word as die aanleer van die fonologie, morfologie, leksikon, sintaksis, semantiek (en pragmatiek) van 'n taal. Daar kan dus afgelei word dat beide taaltipologiese en taalspesifieke faktore betrokke is by hierdie proses en derhalwe is taalspesifieke studies oor eerstetaalverwerwing wat taaltipologiese faktore aanwend, nodig om hierdie navorsingsveld te ontgin. In Afrikaans is nog min navorsing gedoen oor eerstetaalverwerwing en die noodsaak wat Lieven (2010:92,103) aandui vir 'n verskeidenheid taalverwerwingstudies in verskillende tale en spesifiek oor hoe kinders vorm en betekenis aan mekaar verbind (dus vorm-betekenis-passings maak), word nie in die huidige Afrikaanse literatuur gevul nie. Hierdie studie se doel is om (i) 'n bestekopname van beskikbare navorsing oor Afrikaanse eerstetaalverwerwing te verskaf en die navorsingsmoontlikhede te identifiseer en (ii) deur middel van 'n analise van oorspronklike data (iii) afleidings te maak oor hoe jong Afrikaanse kinders wat net begin om taal aan te leer, vorm en betekenis aan mekaar verbind. Data van 21 Afrikaanssprekende kinders tussen die ouderdom van agt en 24 maande is geanaliseer vanuit 'n teoretiese raamwerk van die gebruiksgebaseerde benadering en kognitiewe linguistiek en afleidings oor die wyse waarop die kinders vorm en betekenis aan mekaar verbind, is gemaak op grond van vier tipes passings, naamlik simplekse passing, komplekse passing, metaforiese passing en metonimiese passing.
Professionele ontwikkeling vir Afrikaans Huistaal-onderwysers ter bevordering van leesbegrip van niemoedertaalsprekers
Authors: Basson M , Le Cordeur M
Published: March 2018

Hierdie studie ondersoek die professionele ontwikkelingsbehoeftes van onderwysers met betrekking tot die bevordering van die leesbegrip van niemoedertaalsprekers in Afrikaans-huistaalklasse. Gebaseer op die data wat gegenereer is, is 'n professionele ontwikkelingsprogram ontwerp en geїmplementeer. Onderwysers het aangedui dat hulle oorweldig en gefrustreerd voel, omdat hulle nie oor die nodige kennis beskik om die niemoedertaalsprekers in hulle klasse in die Intermediêre fase te ondersteun nie en het behoefte gehad aan professionele ontwikkeling sodat hulle pedagogiese inhoudskennis in dié verband uitgebrei kan word. Hierdie studie het 'n gemengde navorsingsbenadering gevolg. Empiriese data is gegenereer op die volgende wyses: kwantitatiewe (vraelyste) en kwalitatiewe data (vraelyste, onderwysersjoernale, klaskamerwaarnemings en onderhoude met onderwysers). Aangesien hierdie studie die professionele ontwikkeling van onderwysers behels, is 'n teoretiese raamwerk, wat hulle voortgesette professionele ontwikkeling en groei in ag neem, oorweeg soos beskryf deur Shulman (1986) se teoretiese raamwerk. Gesprekke voor die aanvang van die studie dui daarop dat die meerderheid respondente geen professionele ontwikkeling ondergaan het aangaande die bevordering van lees- en leesbegripstrategieë van niemoedertaalsprekers in hulle Afrikaans Huistaal-klasse nie en die meerderheid respondente het aangedui dat hulle nie leesbegripstrategieë eksplisiet onderrig nie. Bevindinge van die studie dui daarop dat die professioneleontwikkelingsprogram 'n positiewe invloed op die pedagogiese inhoudskennis van die deelnemende onderwysers rakende leesmodelle en -strategieë sowel as leesbegripstrategieë gehad het. Eweneens het die professioneleontwikkelingsprogram gelei tot die verhoogde implementering van leesbegripstrategieë in hulle klasse. Voorts dui die resultate daarop dat aksienavorsing moontlik 'n bydrae kon lewer tot die effektiewe toepassing van lees- en leesbegripstrategieë in hulle klasse. Die studie, die bevindinge en aanbevelings kan as verwysing dien wanneer professionele ontwikkeling van onderwysers beplan word veral wat betref die bevordering van onderwysers se pedagogiese inhoudskennis aangaande lees- en leesbegripstrategieë van niemoedertaalsprekers.
Die aard en hantering van vooroordeel teen vroulike skoolleierskap in gedepriveerde gemeenskappe: bedreigings, benaderings, behoud
Authors: Van Der Merwe H
Published: March 2018

Alhoewel skoolleierskapposisies toenemend deur vroue gevul word, heers daar steeds diepgesetelde vooroordeel teen die vermoëns van vroue om as leiers op te tree. Hierdie artikel fokus op die uitdagings en benaderings van vroulike skoolleiers wat in gedepriveerde gemeenskappe (dit wil sê binne die konteks van meervoudige gebrek) aan vooroordeel teen vroulike leierskapvermoëns uitgelewer is. Aan die hand van 'n kwalitatiewe gevallestudie-ondersoek is individuele onderhoude met agt vroulike skoolhoofde en agt skoolbestuurslede van laerskole in landelike gebiede in KwaZulu-Natal, Noordwes en Mpumalanga gevoer. Al agt laerskole is uitgelewer aan omstandighede van meervoudige gebrek. Die data-ontleding bevestig die aanwesigheid van vooroordeel teen vroulike leierskap en maak die benaderings bekend wat vroulike leiers volg om hierdie vooroordeel te oorkom. Hierdie benaderings hou verband met die hoë waarde wat vroulike skoolleiers aan verhoudingstigting, gesamentlike besluitneming en die versorging van 'n kwesbare leerlinggemeenskap heg.
Taal, tegniek en Waarheid
Authors: Boshoff H
Published: March 2018

Hierdie artikel gaan die kwessie van tegniek oorweeg, nie in terme van die huidige aard daarvan of die invloed wat dit op die moderne samelewing uitoefen nie, maar in terme van die mites oor die oorsprong en betekenis van tegniek. Hierdie mites dui enersyds op die toegang wat tegniek tot die sfeer van die goddelike bied, en andersyds op die afsondering en selfstandigheid waartoe tegniek die mens in staat stel. Daar gaan beredeneer word dat die spanning tussen hierdie benaderings verhoog moet word, eerder as om 'n keuse ter bevoordeling van een uit te oefen. Freud se begrip Spur, soos deur Derrida opgeneem in sy filosofie van différance, gaan as platform vir die spanningsveld dien. In die spanningsveld word tegniek verstaan in terme van die kontekstuele leefruimte waarbinne dit gestalte kry, maar ook as dit wat sy konteks oorstyg deur toegang te soek na dit wat buite sy konteks lê, en toegang te bied aan diegene in 'n ander milieu. Laastens gaan die tegnisiteit van die mens beklemtoon word, nie as dit waartoe die mens wys as doel van sy bestaan nie, maar as komponent van die dinamisme waarbinne die mens 'n voortdurende wyser na betekenis word.
From Dearth to El Dorado: Andean Nature, Plate Tectonics, and the Ontologies of Ecuadorian Resource Wealth
Authors: Kneas David
Published: March 2018

Since the early 1990s, the Ecuadorian government has pledged to convert the nation into a “mining country” of global standing. Contemporary claims of mineral wealth, however, stand in stark contrast to previous assessments. Indeed, through much of the 20th century, geologists described Ecuador as a country of mineral dearth. Exploring the process through which Ecuador seemingly transitioned from a nation of resource scarcity to one of mineral plenty, I demonstrate how assessments of Ecuador’s resource potential relate to ideas of Andean nature. Promoters of resource abundance have emphasized Andean uniformity and equivalence—the notion that Ecuador’s mineral wealth is inevitable by virtue of the resource richness of its Andean neighbors. Geologists who have questioned Ecuador’s mineral content, on the other hand, have emphasized Andean heterogeneity. In the recent promotion of Ecuador’s resource potential, notions of Andean uniformity have been bolstered by models of subsoil copper that emerged in the in 1970s in the context of plate-tectonic theory. In highlighting the linkage between ideas of Andean nature and appraisals of Ecuadorian resource potential since the late 19th century, I outline the dialectics between nature and natural resources that underpin processes of resource becoming.
Images of Marie Curie: How Reputational Entrepreneurs Shape Iconic Identities
Authors: Alaimo Lisa , Chambers Lori , Puddephatt Antony
Published: March 2018

Marie Curie holds iconic status both within the scientific community and in the wider cultural imagination and collective memory. The first woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize and the only woman to achieve such an honor twice, Curie is widely celebrated as a female pioneer in the sciences and is held up as a model for all, but particularly women, to emulate. She is revered not only as a ground-breaking scientist, but also as a devoted wife and mother who fostered intellectual passion in her own children, one of whom became the second woman to be honored with the Nobel Prize in Science. Echoing Eva Hemmungs Wirten, we argue that the evolution of Curie’s status over time offers an opportunity to use meta-biography to understand the layered nature of her reputation. We draw on Gary Alan Fine’s theory of reputational entrepreneurship to understand her legacy as a product of collective historical memory. Curie’s legacy was not pre-determined by the fact that she was a successful scientist; in fact, she was shunned by the public in France in 1911 after it was revealed that she, a widow, had engaged in an affair with a fellow married scientist. A meta-biographical analysis reveals considerable effort was put into reputation building by her Curie herself, her commercial sponsor, and family members. To ignore the earlier iterations of her reputation is to underestimate the challenges she faced as a woman in male-dominated science and in a society that judged her by a sexual double standard. Meta-biography, in conjunction with theories of intellectual reputation building and collective memory, allows us to unearth the complicated layers of Curie’s story. It also tells us a great deal about the [sexist] society in which Curie and her supporters had to forge her reputation.
Before data acquisition -- Start MRI Project Spinoza REC v2
Authors: Beemsterboer Tinka , Snoek Lukas
Published: March 2018

Dear researcher, This protocol gives you the steps to start an MRI project at the Spinoza Centre Roeterseiland. If you haven't had contact with Steven Scholte or Tinka Beemsterboer, make sure to contact them before completing this protocol. You can reach us by email: Steven Scholte: h.s.scholte@uva.nl Tinka Beemsterboer: t.beemsterboer@uva.nl If you have any suggestions for improving the workflow, don't hesitate to add comments to the steps in the protocol. Hope to see you soon! Spinoza REC Team! Steven Scholte, Tinka Beemsterboer en Lukas Snoek
Human Trajectory Sampling at the City-Day Scale v2
Authors: JRBP Palmer John
Published: March 2018

This is a protocol for sampling peoplein order to understandpatterns of mobility and activity-space segregation at the scale of city-days. The goal is to obtain a representative sample of the space-time paths that exist in a given city. Sampling points and times are choosen and then used to recruit participants. If participants consent to be part of the study, they (1) respond anonymously to a survey about their activity-spaces, and/or (2) use a mobile phone application to track themselves during a 1-week period and share their anonymized trajectory information with the research team.Thisprotocol has been developedthanks to funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 657956.
Metodología algorítmica para construir funciones que resuelvan cálculos basados en procesos simples usando Programación Funcional
Authors: Trejos Buriticá Omar Iván
Published: March 2018

This article presents an algorithmic methodology to construct functions to solve calculations based on simple processes using addition and subtraction, on two programming paradigms: functional programming and imperative programming using recursive and cyclical processes, respectively, each provides. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate how easy it is to sol­ve some well-known problems from the simplest operations that are known and for which the computer is conditioned to calculate, so that students devise a solution to a problem through their own knowledge for meaningful learning and sense. In the methodological part, we made a presentation to students of what was to be held, the purpose, scope and achievements expected so that a comparative basis, could be formulated an algorithmic solution and implemented in two programming paradigms. We found that students give a especial importance to the relationship between new knowledge that is explained and its links with the already acquired knowledge and that whatever the solution to be implemented, and it has models that are independent of tech­nology. The research concludes that when students know the methodology which will address new knowledge, strictly follow the teacher’s hand, the coding and check the effectiveness of their learning outcomes more easily reached.
Efectos de la temperatura de calcinación y la carga de carboximetilcelulosa de sodio en la síntesis de nuevas espumas de cerámica de bentonita
Authors: Torres Diana , Villarroel-Rocha Jhonny , Gutarra Abel , Barrera Deicy , Sapag Karim
Published: March 2018

Novel ceramic foams were obtained by the replica method, using bentonite as alternative raw material and polyurethane sponge as template, where the latter also controls the distribution of the pore size of these ceramics. The synthesis of the ceramics was carried out using slurries of bentonite clay with different percentages of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder, and evaluating different calcination temperatures. The effect of these factors on the textural and morphological properties of the ceramic foams was studied. The porosity measured by mercury intrusion showed that the total porosity of the ceramic foams decreases as the calcination tem­perature increases. Furthermore, a small quantity of porosity is generated after the burnout of the binder during the calcination step. This porosity is given by pore sizes from 0.05 to 3 μm and it was increased with the amount of the binder that was increased, which was also confirmed by scanning electron micrographs. The characterization of bentonite clay, polyurethane, coated polyurethane sponge and ceramic foams was also complemented with thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, and mechanical strength measurements.
Estimación del consumo eléctrico colombiano en el corto y largo plazo empleando regresión multivariable y series temporales
Authors: Garzón Medina Daniel Orlando , Marulanda García Geovanny Alberto
Published: March 2018

The forecast electricity consumption constitutes an important step towards the development of new technologies to meet the energy consumption in the coming decades. This paper intends to make a projection by means of a time series and multivariate regression which allows to connect the country’s economic growth with its electric consumption. To validate the proposed metho­dology, the error is calculated in respect to official information provided by the UPME.
Self-perceptions of twice-exceptional students: The influence of labels and educational placement on the self-concept of post-secondary G/LD students
Authors: Lummiss Megan
Published: March 2018

Research highlights the importance of positive self-concept for children and the influence of self-concept on long-term success (Elbaum, 2002; Fong & Yuen, 2009; Rudasill, Capper, Foust, Callahan, Albaugh, 2009), yet studies have rarely focused on the self-perceptions of self-concept of students identified as gifted and with a learning disability (G/LD). Adopting a qualitative case study approach, this study explored how eight post-secondary G/LD students perceived the development of self-concept over time, and how labelling and educational placement influenced those self-perceptions. Data collection included a demographic questionnaire, a Body Biography, and a semi-structured interview that focused on the Body Biography and participants’ self-perceptions of educational placement, labels, social identity, group membership, and self-concept. Guided by the Marsh/Shavelson model of self-concept (1985) and the Social Identity Theory (1986), findings revealed that participants often perceived the gifted and LD components of the G/LD identification as separate entities; that a gifted in-group membership was more often perceived when discussing individual strengths, while an LD in-group membership was perceived when reflecting upon their weaknesses. The findings from this study support the notion that each G/LD student is unique and that identification methods and placement options continue to be a concern with respect to the development of self-concept for G/LD students.
Study to assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding organ donation among interns of a medical college in Telangana, India
Authors: Jothula Kishore Y. , D. Sreeharshika
Published: March 2018

Background: There is a gradual decrease in health status and daily functioning in patients with end stage organ failure and timing of death remains uncertain. Organ transplantation is the only cure to such patients. Organ donation rate in India is only 0.26 per million. This is due to lack of awareness about the need of organ donation and the ignorance of common men and medical fraternity about the importance, procedures, benefits and legal issues of organ donation. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding organ donation among medical interns.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 interns with a pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire in order to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding organ donation. Data collected was analysed using SPSS software.Results: The mean age of the interns was 23.03±0.73 and majority were females (70%). 79.4% of interns were having adequate knowledge and majority (77.5%) were willing for organ donation. Only 5.6% had donor card. Willingness for organ donation was significantly associated with knowledge about organ donation. The major barrier for organ donation was fear of organs misuse. Most common source of information was found to be internet.Conclusions: Though most of the interns had adequate knowledge, still gaps exist in their knowledge, attitude and practices. By giving right knowledge and orientation medicos can be become future organ donors who can then easily motivate their patients to follow the path.
Understanding the “Other”: Rethinking Multiculturalism in South Korea through Gadamer’s Philosophical Hermeneutics
Authors: Kim Jeong-Hee , So Kyunghee
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we interrogate the current state of multiculturalism and multicultural education in South Korea and offer a possible theoretical framework that is lacking in the field of multicultural education. We provide three principles of multicultural understanding grounded in Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics to inform multiculturalism in South Korea and beyond. Based on these principles, we propose that multiculturalism be understood and educated as a way of being, that is, as an ontological multiculturalism, which contributes to a deeper understanding of what it means to be multicultural citizens in the global age.
Multicultural Education Past, Present, and Future: Struggles for Dialog and Power-Sharing
Authors: Sleeter Christine E.
Published: March 2018

Using Kymlicka’s analysis of conflicts between “imperatives of state control” and “objectives of social movements,” I draw on my experiences with multicultural education to extrapolate some trends from the past and present that may inform the future. After briefly describing the origins of multicultural education (mainly within the United States), I situate struggles over education in the context of the global expansion of neoliberalism, critique “neoliberal multicultural education,” then briefly describe some efforts that push back. This essay concludes with four recommendations for moving forward.
Multicultural Education: Using Our Past to Build Our Future
Authors: Chang Heewon , Pak Soon-Yong , Sleeter Christine E.
Published: March 2018

This is the edior's note for the EMME-IJME 20th Anniversary Special Issue.
A Report on “Chaitanya Krishi” Homa Organic Farming for Sustainability and Climate Change Adaptation
Authors: Gaikwad Anand
Published: March 2018

The methodology of organic farming called the “Chaitanya Krishi” based on Vedic Sciences (Homa organic farming) was adapted and got further evolved at the farm situated on the bank of river Barvi at Dahagaon village, Kalyan, Thane district, Maharashtra State, India. We started organic farming since 1998 and started getting third party certification as an organic farm since 2009. In August 2014, we received a prestigious award of, “Krishibhushan Sendriya Sheti-2013” for Organic Farming from the Maharashtra State Government. [**The Resonance Point created at the farm consists of a grid of 10 copper pyramids. Four are installed in Agnihotra Hut, other four in East, West, North, South of Agnihotra Hut on the periphery of the farm, and two in Tryambakam Hut. A grid of ten copper pyramids thus created can cover an area of about 200 acres (about 80 ha)].
Estresse, Autorregulação e Risco Psicossocial Em Crianças Hospitalizadas
Authors: Machado de Oliveira Cálita Medeiros , De Amorim Juliana Caroline , Alves Isabela De Almeida , Dias Tatiane Lebre , Silveira Kelly Ambrózio , Fiorim Enumo Sônia Regina
Published: March 2018

A hospitalização infantil acarreta privações e restrições, proporcionando experiências adversas e sofrimento psíquico. A hospitalização influi na conjuntura familiar, podendo agravar os efeitos dos eventos estressores. Este estudo analisou relações entre as variáveis risco psicossocial, temperamento e estresse em 31 crianças com idade entre 5 e 7 anos (M= 5,83; DP= 0,82), internadas em hospital público de Cuiabá-MT. Foram aplicados individualmente, nos cuidadores, o Questionário de Comportamento da Criança - Children’s Behavior Questionnaire - Very Short Form e a avaliação psicossocial -Psychosocial Assessment Tool. Os resultados indicaram: a) mais famílias com risco psicossocial moderado; b) temperamento infantil facilitador, porém, mais “desconforto” para as meninas (p= 0,033; U= 65,50); c) as crianças com baixo risco psicossocial  apresentaram escores menores para a subescala raiva/frustração, escores maiores para as subescalas focalização de atenção e controle inibitório; as crianças com maior risco familiar indicaram relação positiva com a subescala raiva/frustração e relação negativa com reatividade crescente/capacidade de se acalmar e controle inibitório. As dificuldades de autorregulação das crianças de famílias com maior risco psicossocial podem evidenciar o impacto de estressores, demandando atenção e cuidado dos profissionais de saúde. Tais resultados podem subsidiar intervenções dirigidas ao perfil familiar.
Sympathizing with Social Justice: Poetry of Invitation and Generation
Authors: Wiebe Sean , Sameshima Pauline
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we use Sameshima’s Parallaxic Praxis Model to create collaborative poetry. The model invites juxtaposing articulations to generate alternative thinking. Similar to Daignault's (1992) notion of a “thinking maybe" space, we invite readers into what we call a liminal studio to theorize new understandings of social justice. In the data phases for this project, Viet Thanh Nguyen’s (2015) The Sympathizer served as a play object: The narrator, the sympathizer, is a captured communist spy in the aftermath of the Vietnam war, and his confession (the novel) considers a critical question for understanding social justice: “What is more important than independence and freedom?” Nguyen refuses simplistic overtures of social justice. Instead, readers are confronted with questions: “What do those who struggle against power do when they seize power? What does the revolutionary do when the revolution triumphs? Why do those who call for independence and freedom take away the independence and freedom of others?” (p. 178). These questions lead us to the frame of our own ten-part poem, the modern scholar under interrogation. Our poetry reframes social justice as the art of being/nothing, the something of nothingness being a language of resistance for a reimagined politics.
Queer Emergencies, 5.26.2017
Authors: Whitworth Colin
Published: March 2018

Hal Foster (2015) asserts that art should address emergencies. While he speaks of visual and performance arts, I extend his claim to poetry. As such, I use my positionality of queer individual as an entrance point to using poetry to address queer emergencies. Starting with Hegel’s (1975) articulation that the lyric form of poetry starts with our own subjectivity and shows a “coming to consciousness” (Culler, 2015, p. 2) through thought and reflection, this poetry addresses a pressing queer emergency of our current political moment (Chechnya), while also extending its reach to/through the intersections with other queer emergencies of today’s climate. Through this inscription of the present, I strive to illuminate the personhood of queer victims, the intersections of current queer emergencies, and the temporal and real proximity of emergency to those of us who might feel safe based on other identity intersections.
In the Dark
Authors: Dorsey Charlie Hope
Published: March 2018

The artist’s duty is to “reflect the times,” said Nina Simone. Poets too, have this political duty. As a queer Black woman, I share my lived experience(s) as a political form of engagement and resistance, both in writing and onstage. Inspired by Audre Lorde’s (1984) text Sister Outsider, this piece of personal performance poetry explores Della Pollock’s notion that performative writing is citational. Blending references to white poets such Emily Dickinson with allusions to writers, artists, and theorists of color, this piece makes space for black culture in the academy and recounts my return home after a period of self-imposed exile. It surveys the liminal space between the dark of writing and the light of performance and also critiques the hierarchal academic structures that subjugate knowledge, people, and spoken word poetry. It was originally written and performed in a show entitled Greyscale: Performing Across Difference, in the Marion Kleinau Theatre, in March 2017.
Análisis Prospectivo de la Detección Hiperespectral de Cultivos de Arroz (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: Serrano Jorge , Fábrega José , Quirós Evelyn , Galán Javier Sánchez- , Jiménez José Ulises
Published: March 2018

The objective of this work is to perform a prospective analysis of the wavelengths that can be used to recognize a rice crop due to its phenological status and variety. For this purpose, field measurements of spectral signature in the 350 nm -1049 nm range were employed. The rice cultivars FCA 616FL and IDIAP 54-05 were used. The study site was located in the Juan Hombrón area in the Coclé province, Panama. A principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out, which resulted in the lengths 728.16, 677.89 and 785.48 nm let phenological differentiation within the cultivar FCA 616FL and IDIAP 54-05, the lengths 729.72, 814.58 and 666.81 nm let distinguish between crop varieties FCA 616FL and IDIAP 54-05 in vegetative phase.Keywords: Rice, reflectance, hyperspectral signature, phonological state.
Biodegradación de Hidrocarburos en Sedimento de la Bahía de Manzanillo
Authors: Garibaldi Ariel Antonio Grey
Published: March 2018

The capacities of biodegradable were evaluated, isolated microbial consortia in the port area near the Panama Canal, resulting from enrichment in different carbon sources. The inoculation was performed with 5 g of sediment in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks with 0.055% naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene. Growth was determined by the optical density (OD) colorimetric method and the droplet counting method. The identification procedure was performed using biochemical tests API Coryne System (bioMérieux). This study the growth capacity, triplicate concentrations ranging from 125 ppm to 2000 ppm were added and incubated at 28 ° C with constant stirring at 150 rpm. Rhodococcus equi strains were found with greater abundance relative to Corynebacterium propingun (3: 2). According to the Monod Equation, Ks of 458 mg / L and Ks of 403 mg / L were obtained and the μmax obtained were 1.38X107 CFU / mL / h and 1.11X108 CFU / mL / h. It is recommended to analyze the kinetics of biodegradation at concentrations higher than 2000 mg / L in order to find the inhibition constant; Perform bioassays with different combinations of hydrocarbons and compare the kinetics of isolated versus kinetic strains in a consortium.Keywords: Growth capacity, enrichment, carbon source, insulation, biodegradation kinetics.
A Heavy Metal Network: Connecting Remediation Strategies
Authors: Chica Paola Posligua , Bajaña Carlos Banchón , Villegas Elvito
Published: March 2018

Heavy metals in the environment are negatively affecting ecosystems and human life. The anthropogenic source of heavy metals has increased because of sludge from wastewater plants, tanneries, fertilizers, pesticides, and mining industry. As well as environmental conditions change, there is an effect of sedimentation of heavy metals in natural sediments which affect groundwater sources. Thus, the relevance of the present bibliometric work is to address the different interactions between heavy metals and natural sediments. Therefore, this work claims a perspective to predict heavy metal precipitation behaviors in the presence of cations and anions, changes of pH considering its mineral and organic forms, and, solid and liquid phase displacement, migrations towards the contaminated soil and cationic stabilization of heavy metals. In this sense, Cd, As, Mo, Cr, Al, Mn, Al, Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cu, Co, and Ni are mostly correlated with basic pH and Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn minerals. This network has also found that there is a link connection between the contamination source i.e. fertilizers, pesticides and biosolids, and physical-chemical parameters like ionic strength, oxidation-reduction potential, and salinity. Thus, the scope of the present work includes a different perspective in looking remediation strategies by the generation of a connectionist system.Keywords: Speciation, bioaccumulation, adsorption, recalcitrance, network