bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In the Web of Dialogism and Social Inclusion: Bakhtin and Yakubinsky
Authors: Wanderley Fabiana , Marques Adriana , Meira Luciano
Published: June 2024

This article aims to discuss, theoretically, Vygotsky, Bakhtin and Yakubinsky's ideas, highlighting their contributions in the field of Development and Cognitive Psychology, specifically for studies about the acquisition of language. Entering in a dialogical perspective, the three authors conceive that the subject, while a social-historical being, is formed in and through language, from the dialogue or from the dialogical tensions established with the Other. The way they face language allows encompassing verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication, as well as the flexibility of context. By understanding the human being, so integrated with the social, help to undo some impasses, generated by the traditional models of language, which allowed the gap between language/thinking, individual/social, monologism/dialogism, etc.
Ways for the rightly guided Caliphs (Alkhulafa’ Alraashidin) to come to power
Authors: Haroun Hiba Farooq
Published: June 2024

This study focused on Al-Rashidun Caliphs who had ruled the Islamic nations after the death of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. It has been called Rashidun Caliphate because it followed Prophet Muhammad's approach. Al- Rashidun Caliphs were characterized by good conduct, wisdom, and good thinkers, which allowed them to face difficulties and be fine representatives of the Islamic nation by developing laws and methods that set people's life everywhere and every time which give them stability and security. This study included a research plan, introduction, and Prophet Mohammad's views on ruling power after his death, then the delegation of Omar Ibn Al Khattab by Abu Bakr Al Sadiq, and the death of Othman Bin Affan and finally the research presents the Islamic opinions about Ali Bin Abi Talib the fourth caliph as a ruler. First: The Messenger’s ( Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him) position on the issue of governance after him Considering the narrations and jurisprudential opinions about what the Messenger did, whether he recommended or did not recommend The Saqifa meeting, the conflict between the Muhajireen and the Ansar, the position of Ali and his companions, the end of the deliberations, and the private pledge of allegiance. Banu Hashim’s position on choosing Abu Bakr Second: Abu Bakr’s succession to Omar bin Al-Khattab The circumstances that helped Abu Bakr choose Omar bin Al-Khattab as the caliph of the Muslims The position of the Companions on Abu Bakr’s appointment of Omar bin Al-Khattab The circumstances that led Omar to make the Shura decision and the ideas that came to Omar’s mind. Third: Highlights on the killing of Othman bin Affan - Circumstances of Othman’s killing Fourth: Ali bin Abi Talib, the fourth Rightly Guided Caliph The various opinions and narrations of Imam Ali’s accession and the position of the Companions and the people of Egypt regarding pledging allegiance to him The Battle of the Camel, the Battle of Siffin, Al-Nahrawan, and the Kharijites. The Messenger of God ( Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him) died without recommending the leadership of the nation to anyone, leaving behind him the basic principles represented in the Qur’an and Sunnah, and the experience of the Islamic nation. The crisis faced by the Islamic nation revolved around three main points: the personality of the new president, his duties and powers, and his qualities. However, the idea of ​​authority itself was the reason for the launch of the apostasy movement, which emerged as resistance from the tribal trend to the Islamic trend and resistance to central state authority.
Prostate cancer: diagnostic utility of multiparametric prostate MRI with 3D spectroscopy in the CMDLT January-June 2023
Authors: De Freitas Manuel Antonio Fernandez , Burgos Verónica Hernández
Published: June 2024

The prostate gland secretes citrate, the levels of which vary in benign prostatic hyperplasia and tumors. Multiparametric MRI of the prostate, although sensitive, has limitations in its specificity. Spectroscopy can quantify these cellular metabolites. At the La Trinidad Teaching Medical Center, 46 studies were carried out with 3D spectroscopy in patients referred from the urology service from January to June 2023. The objective was to verify the diagnostic usefulness of 3D spectroscopy with multiparametric Magnetic Resonance of the prostate. The findings in the 3D prostate spectroscopy metabolite map were described, the results of the mpMRI PIRADS score and the metabolite map were analyzed, and the anatomical pathological and 3D spectroscopy results were compared. A 1.5T Philips Anchieva resonator was used with 3D prostate spectroscopy sequences in 36 patients. The metabolites in 3D spectroscopy showed correlation with the suspicious criteria according to SCORE PI-RADS, especially in the suspicious nodular areas. The sensitivity and positive predictive value were 88%, while the specificity and negative predictive value were 96%. However, more studies are needed to obtain more conclusive results.
Sphaeroplea soleirolii (Duby) Montagne ex Kütz. (Chlorophyta) – the first record for Ukraine
Authors: Burova O.V. , Gromakova A.B. , Zhezhera M.D.
Published: June 2024

The paper discusses the data regarding the first discovery of Sphaeroplea soleirolii within the territory of Ukraine. The identified species falls under the genus Sphaeroplea, family Sphaeropleaceae, order Sphaeropleales, class Chlorophyceae, and division Chlorophyta. The distinctive characteristics of algae within this genus encompass the cell wall ornamentation of mature oospores, spore size and shape, and to a lesser extent, variations in the morphology of vegetative cells, including cell dimensions, chloroplast structure, and transverse partitions. Representatives of the genus Sphaeroplea are typically found in shallow ephemeral freshwater (occasionally brackish) reservoirs characterized by extended periods of drying out. As per contemporary understanding, the genus comprises 11 species (with 18 intraspecific taxa), of which only two (S. annulina and S. wilmanii) have been documented in Ukraine based on literature. S. soleirolii was first observed in Ukraine during the spring of 2023 on a temporarily flooded area in the city of Zmiiv (Chuguiv District, Kharkiv Region). The paper provides a morphological description of the identified specimens, accompanied by original photomicrographs. Additionally, comprehensive information on the global distribution of the species is presented.
Cyanobacteria of Ukraine: taxonomic structure of the flora 2024
Authors: Vinogradova O.M.
Published: June 2024

Systematics of cyanobacteria experiencing a period of rapid changes associated with the appearance of new molecular markers, the improvement of molecular phylogenetic methods, and widely used polyphasic approach. Many characters previously considered taxonomically significant have been found to have repeatedly arisen in different phylogenetic lineages during the evolution of cyanobacteria, and genetic diversity of taxa often greatly exceeds their morphological diversity. Attempts to combine the approaches of morphological taxonomy with molecular data did not solve the problem, although they helped to systematize the results of floristic studies. The emergence of a new classification system of cyanobacteria (NCSC), in which the authors relied on genomic phylogeny, determined the need to revise the taxonomic structure of the flora of cyanobacteria of Ukraine, since its last published version, based on taxonomic information as of 2021, no longer corresponds to the modern classification of cyanobacteria. The paper analyzes the main innovations of the NCSC and the changes that have occurred with the leading taxa of the Ukrainian flora, and also provides an updated taxonomic structure of the cyanobacteria of Ukraine.
Pediatric Palliative Care of a Transgender Adolescent
Authors: Seachrist Katherine , Somers Emma , Petras Laura , Didden El , Deci Stephen E. , Tomboc Patrick , Kidd Kacie M.
Published: June 2024

A 15-year-old patient with metastatic synovial sarcoma conveyed to his palliative care physician that his dying wish was to start gender-affirming hormone therapy. His medical team was able to identify resources to support both him and his family as they navigated the immense difficulty of a cancer diagnosis and began to understand their child’s gender identity. Literature on the care of gender diverse pediatric patients with terminal illness is minimal, but applications from adult literature, and research on supporting gender diverse adolescents more broadly, provided guidance for palliative care, oncology, and gender-affirming care teams. We believe that honoring and supporting the gender identity of adolescents with terminal illness is an essential aspect of end-of-life care. This case report outlines challenges faced by multidisciplinary pediatric team members who provided gender-affirming care for a minor under hospice care and amplifies the need for future research and guidelines pertinent to this patient population.
Project Spotlight: Florida STEM center built for the future
Authors: Atkinson William
Published: June 2024

Ransom Everglades School’s new STEM Center was placed to form a quad at the entrance to the school in Coconut Grove, Fla. Gate Precast in Kissimmee, Fla., was selected for the project.
Project Spotlight: UHPC used in first-in-nation application in South Dakota
Authors: Atkinson William
Published: June 2024

The new office facility in the Sioux Falls, S.Dak., riverfront Steel District was built using precast ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) beams, provided by Gage Brothers of Sioux Falls, making it the first office building in the nation to use UHPC in this way.
Place brand communication as aspirational talk-further exploring the constitutive model of communication
Authors: Cassinger Cecilia
Published: June 2024

This paper introduces the concept of aspirational talk to examine the constitutive features of place brand communication. Aspirational talk builds on a performative view of communication and is characterised by a gap between future-oriented visionary talk and concrete action. The study explores place brand communication as aspirational talk through a qualitative case study of how place branding is used to drive changed in two Swedish cities. Two ideological different aspirations are identified and contrasted. It is argued that aspirational talk helps us to further understand the gap between the political visions and ideals that underpin place brand communication and residents’ everyday life in the city.
A SINGLE-CHAMBER MICROBIAL FUEL CELL AS AN ALTERNATIVE BIOSENSOR FOR CONTINUOUS AND ONSITE DETERMINATION OF BOD IN WASTEWATER
Authors: Dinh Thi Thu Ha  , Pham Ngoc Phat
Published: June 2024

The two main pollution parameters, BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), are crucial factors in assessing water quality and pollution levels. Currently, COD can be measured using sensor devices, while BOD relies on the activity of microorganisms. Traditionally, the quantification of biologically oxidizable organic carbon involves measuring oxygen consumption over a five-day period, commonly known as the BOD5 test. However, the BOD5 test has several disadvantages, such as its time-consuming nature, unsuitability for process control, and the requirement for highly skilled samplers. It was hypothesized that the output of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) with an air cathode could serve as an alternative method for measuring BOD. To validate this hypothesis, this study conducted some experiments using the model of SCMFC. When artificial wastewater, utilizing sodium acetate as fuel, was employed, a strong linear correlation (R2 > 0.99) between the total charge transferred and BOD5 concentration was confirmed. Additionally, the linear relationship was also investigated for real domestic wastewater. This relationship was also examined for real domestic wastewater, resulting in a combined correlation with an R2 value exceeding 0.98. Until now, research on biosensors (particularly SCMFC-based biosensors) in Vietnam has been relatively new and not extensively conducted. The results of this study could provide a solid foundation for the development of continuous and onsite BOD sensors to monitor BOD concentrations in wastewater streams.
Teoria e construção de um gerador eletrostático simples
Authors: Hessel Roberto , Yoshida Makoto , Mesquita Alexandre , Freschi Agnaldo A.
Published: June 2024

Quando se deseja obter uma diferença de potencial de algumas dezenas de milhares de volts, pode-se utilizar geradores eletrostáticos. Neste trabalho, descrevemos como construímos um gerador eletrostático simples, cujo princípio de funcionamento se baseia na eletrização por fricção (atrito). Além disso, descrevemos também como estimar os valores esperados tanto para a tensão produzida como para a corrente elétrica gerada por esse gerador.
Performance of drip tapes applying reverse osmosis reject from the carnaúba wax industry
Authors: Teixeira Antonio D. da S. , Batista Rafael O. , Paiva Laio A. L. de , Rodrigues Filho Ricardo A. , Silva Silvanete S. da , Reges Layla B. L. , Bandeira Poliana M. da C. , Lavôr Wellyda K. B. de
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Water scarcity and the search for alternative water reuse are challenges faced in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to predict the risk of clogging of drippers based on water quality attributes and to analyze the effects of industrial residual water and supply water on their hydraulic performance. Two experimental benches were set up in a completely randomized design, in split-split plots, with three replicates. Plots contained the types of water (supply water and reverse osmosis reject), subplots contained the types of non-pressure-compensating drippers (NST - 1.6 L h-1, NSL - 1.6 L h-1 and NDT - 1.7 L h-1) and sub-subplots contained the evaluation times of the distribution uniformity coefficient and relative flow rate (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 hours). At times 0, 80 and 160 hours, the attributes pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese were characterized in both types of water. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis, ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% probability level. In residual water, the attributes that represented a risk of clogging for drippers were pH, electrical conductivity, magnesium and total dissolved solids, while in supply water only pH represented risk. The interaction between types of water and operating time significantly affected both hydraulic performance indicators, but there was no significant effect of the dripper type factor.
Particle film effects on the ecophysiological parameters of two arboreal species under water restriction
Authors: Santos Anderson dos , Lima Roberta S. N. de , Lima Emerson de , Jardim Alexandre M. da R. F. , Silva Elania F. da , Ferreira Júnior Ricardo A. , Moura Flávia de B. P. , Silva José V.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of using particle film associated with two water regimes on the ecophysiological parameters of young plants of two species native to the Brazilian semiarid region (Tabebuia aurea and Ziziphus joazeiro). The experiments were conducted in randomized blocks in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with nine replications. The treatments used were the application of particle film (Surround® WP) at a concentration of 5% and without film or 0%, and two irrigation water regimes based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo), irrigated with 100% of ETo and not irrigated or 0% of ETo. Gas exchange determinations were performed at 0, 15, 30, and 45 days after treatments imposition, while the analyses of photosynthetic pigments were carried out only at the end of the experiment. The species Tabebuia aurea and Ziziphus joazeiro showed tolerance to water stress, demonstrated by their high water use efficiency. On the other hand, the application of particle film caused an increase in stomatal conductance, transpiration, and intrinsic water use efficiency and reductions in leaf temperature and instantaneous water use efficiency in plants of both species studied. The particle film was efficient in providing photoprotective properties verified by the increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments. However, the use of this film requires more in-depth investigations, which could allow a better understanding of its management in tree species in the Brazilian semiarid region.
Bioética em odontologia: autonomia dos pacientes em clínicas de ensino
Authors: Campany Luciana Narciso da Silva , Rego Sergio
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este artigo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de analisar o respeito ao princípio da autonomia na assistência aos pacientes atendidos em clínicas odontológicas de ensino, do ponto de vista de professores e alunos. Com esse propósito, foram estudadas duas faculdades públicas do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados das pesquisas foram obtidos por meio da realização de entrevistas individuais e grupos focais com alunos do último ano da graduação, entrevistas com professores e observação participante. Os resultados revelaram que os atendimentos nas instituições de ensino analisadas por vezes não contemplam o respeito ao princípio da autonomia dos pacientes. A formação profissional observada reproduz o modelo hegemônico de educação tecnicista e é regida pelo estabelecimento de uma relação paternalista entre profissionais e pacientes, o que contribui para uma constante, e indesejável, violação dos direitos dos pacientes.
Moral vulnerability among moral strangers: limits of the principle of permission
Authors: Cunha Thiago Rocha da , Sanches Mário , Mannes Mariel
Published: June 2024

Abstract This article presents a critical analysis of Tristram Engelhardt’s work, focusing on the principle of permission. It is argued that, in a context of intense social inequalities and denial of rights, the application of procedural ethics based solely on the principle of permission can result in the moral vulnerability of individuals and groups who do not share a certain morality. This can expose them to different forms of denial of rights, violence, exploitation, exclusion, and stigmatization. Given this reality, the importance of strengthening a bioethics committed to defending dignity, diversity, human rights, and social justice is highlighted.
Visiting dynamics in tank-bromeliads after enrichment of a reforested urban patch of the Atlantic Forest
Authors: Amaral-Filho Juvenal Damasceno , Maciel Jefferson Rodrigues
Published: June 2024

Abstract Many species of Bromeliaceae store water among their leaves creating microhabitats for several biological groups. Using bromeliads in enrichment of reforestation offers an opportunity to understand the occupation of tank habitat, and the impacts of these plants in increasing biodiversity. We translocated 20 rescued individuals of tank-bromeliad Hohenbergia ramageana to enrich a reforested area in Atlantic Forest. Then, we recorded the visiting dynamics of animals in the tank habitat of H. ramageana. Ten orders of vertebrates and invertebrates visited nine terrestrial and eight epiphyte tank-habitats just one month after the translocation. Richness and composition were similar between epiphyte and terrestrial translocations. We found that precipitation explained a significant proportion of variation of the number of visited plants and richness of animal orders. Our results confirm the importance of using tank-bromeliads in reforested ecosystems and bring novelty that reintroduced bromeliads in alternative habitats also play the same role for animal groups as in their original habitat. This knowledge will orientate future plans of conservation of bromeliads and of ecosystem restoration.
Circuitos da propaganda oficiosa: Amaral Netto comemora os 150 anos da Independência (1972)
Authors: Seliprandy Fernando
Published: June 2024

Resumo Um único filme pode revelar muito sobre as relações simbióticas entre os setores civis e a ditadura instaurada com o Golpe de 1964. O artigo faz um estudo de caso de Brasil ano 150 , curta-metragem documental de Amaral Netto comemorando o Sesquicentenário da Independência (1972). O objetivo é rastrear um circuito da propaganda oficiosa aglutinado em torno dessa película. O método, do campo história e audiovisual, articula análise fílmica imanente e fontes extrafílmicas sobre a trajetória do objeto, incluindo o arquivamento, a produção, a censura e a circulação. Conclui-se que esse curta-metragem testemunha uma “modernização” da velha cavação cinematográfica para um colaboracionismo audiovisual mais estruturado.
Scalable Primal Heuristics Using Graph Neural Networks for Combinatorial Optimization
Authors: Cantürk Furkan , Varol Taha , Aydoğan Reyhan , Özener Okan Örsan
Published: June 2024

By examining the patterns of solutions obtained for various instances, one can gain insights into the structure and behavior of combinatorial optimization (CO) problems and develop efficient algorithms for solving them. Machine learning techniques, especially Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have shown promise in parametrizing and automating this laborious design process. The inductive bias of GNNs allows for learning solutions to mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulations of constrained CO problems with a relational representation of decision variables and constraints. The trained GNNs can be leveraged with primal heuristics to construct high-quality feasible solutions to CO problems quickly. However, current GNN-based end-to-end learning approaches have limitations for scalable training and generalization on larger-scale instances; therefore, they have been mostly evaluated over small-scale instances. Addressing this issue, our study builds on supervised learning of optimal solutions to the downscaled instances of given large-scale CO problems. We introduce several improvements on a recent GNN model for CO to generalize on instances of a larger scale than those used in training. We also propose a two-stage primal heuristic strategy based on uncertainty-quantification to automatically configure how solution search relies on the predicted decision values. Our models can generalize on 16x upscaled instances of commonly benchmarked five CO problems. Unlike the regressive performance of existing GNN-based CO approaches as the scale of problems increases, the CO pipelines using our models offer an incremental performance improvement relative to CPLEX. The proposed uncertainty-based primal heuristics provide 6-75% better optimality gap values and 45-99% better primal gap values for the 16x upscaled instances and brings immense speedup to obtain high-quality solutions. All these gains are achieved through a computationally efficient modeling approach without sacrificing solution quality.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Tanılı Çocuklarda Doğum Sırası ve Hastalığın Şiddeti Arasındaki İlişki: Vaka Kontrol Çalışması
Authors: Kara Tayfun , Kocaman Orhan , Aydoğan Avşar Pınar , Kuru Tacettin
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Son yıllarda otizm spektrum bozuklukları (OSB) olgularının artan prevalansı, araştırmaların OSB ile ilişkili faktörlerin tanımlanmasına odaklanmasına yol açmıştır. Çalışmamızda OSB' li çocuklarda ile doğuma dair parametreler ve hastalığın belirti şiddeti arasındaki ilişkiyi incelmeyi amaçladık.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya OSB tanısına sahip 213 çocuk ile 152 sağlıklı çocuk olmak üzere toplam 365 katılımcı alındı. Tüm katılımcılar DSM-5 temelli psikiyatrik muayene ile değerlendirildi ve sosyodemografik veri formları elde edildi. Vaka grubuna ilave olarak OSB belirti şiddetini değerlendirmek için Çocukluk Çağı Otizm Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ÇODÖ) uygulandı. Elde edilen bulgular istatistiksel yöntemler ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda OSB tanılı çocuklarda kontrol gurubuna kıyasla daha yüksek baba yaşı (p:0,047), 3,74 kat yüksek erkek cinsiyet oranı (p
Kavalalı Mehmed Ali Paşa Döneminden Mehdi İsyanı’na Dek Sudan’da İngilizlerin Rolü (1821-1881)
Authors: Milanlıoğlu Neval
Published: June 2024

Bu makalede, 1821 yılında Mısır Valisi Kavalalı Mehmed Ali Paşa tarafından İmparatorluk topraklarına katılan Sudan’ın Osmanlı idaresinden adım adım uzaklaşması ve bölgede patlak veren Mehdî İsyanı’nı (1881) hazırlayan süreç ile İngilizlerin bölgedeki politik rolü ve hamleleri ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda Sudan’ın stratejik ve ekonomik önemi, Mısır’ın askerî, malî ve ziraî alanlarda gerçekleştirdiği büyük atılımlara sağladığı katkı incelenmiş ve bu süreci yakından izleyen başta İngiltere olmak üzere Avrupa devletlerinin politik tutumlarına değinilmiştir. Kavalalı’nın vefatına (1849) dek, İngilizlerin Mısır ve Sudan üzerindeki hakimiyet mücadelesinde hedeflerini neden gerçekleştiremedikleri ve halefleri döneminde bu siyasî denklemin nasıl değiştiği çok yönlü olarak analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda arşiv belgeleri de dahil olmak üzere Sudan’la ilgili İngilizce külliyatın diplomatik-askerî bağlam dışında politik-ekonomik düzlemde okunduğunda, uluslararası hukuk, serbest ticaret ve hümanizma ekseninde İngiltere’nin öne çıkardığı ticarî tekellerin kaldırılması, insan onuruna yakışmayan bir uygulama olarak Sudan’da köle ticaretinin yasaklanması gibi argümanların, Londra hükümetinin bölgedeki çıkarlarını koruma ve operasyonlarını meşrulaştırma konusunda zamanla nasıl işlevsel bir kaldıraç haline geldiği değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Türk Romanında Oksidentalist Açılım: Paris’te Bir Türk ve Meşhedî ile Devriâlem Örneği
Authors: Doğan Mehmet
Published: June 2024

Batılılaşmanın fert, aile ve toplum üzerindeki etkilerinin kültürel, sosyal ve siyasî boyutlarının çok yönlü bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulması nedeniyle araştırmacı ve akademisyenler tarafından Türk romanında batılılaşma olgusu çeşitli yansımalarıyla ele alınmıştır. Ancak bir medeniyet olarak Batı/Avrupa’nın Türk romanlarındaki değerlendirilmesi noktasında ciddi bir boşluk vardır. Bu boşluk, Mısırlı filozof Hasan Hanefi’nin oryantalizm karşısında akademik bir disiplin şeklinde kurmaya çalıştığı oksidentalizmin Türkiye’de görünürlük kazanmasından sonra doldurulmaya çalışılsa da yeterli bir literatür ortaya konulmamıştır. Oryantalizmin dikotomik özcü yorumları ve “Batı-dışı” toplumları “nesneleştirici” tavrı karşısında “Batı-dışı” dünyanın bir “özne olarak kendi bilincine varması, bu bilinçle “Avrupamerkezci” paradigmayı sorgulamasına oksidentalizm denir. Bu çalışmada belirlenebildiği kadarıyla oksidentalizm anlamında müstağrip kelimesini Avrupa’da Bir Cevelan adındaki eserinde ilk defa kullanan Ahmet Mithat Efendi’nin Paris’te Bir Türk isimli romanıyla, tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla oksidentalizm kavramının ilk defa kurgusal bir metinde kullanıldığı Ercüment Ekrem Talu’nun Meşhedî ile Devriâlem romanları, oksidentalizm kuramından hareketle, karşılaştırmalı olarak okunacaktır. Farklı medeniyetlere mensup toplumların öteki algılarının şekillenmesinde, değişmesinde; karşılaşma biçimleri ve konjonktürel değişimler en önemli nedenler olması hasebiyle biri Tanzimat dönemi -inkıraz nesli-diğeri Cumhuriyet dönemi -inkılâp nesli- romancılarının Avrupa’ya bakışlarındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur.
UALIFICATION OF TEACHING STAFF AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE QUALITY OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Osh Technological University, Alieva Roza Roza , Sakieva Sayipzhamal ,   Jalal-Abad State University named after B. Osmonov
Published: June 2024

The article states that the education system of Kyrgyzstan, like neighboring countries, is today experiencing a process of globalization, and that global changes occurring in the process of globalization are at the center of our education system. Although the educational sphere of different countries is in different conditions, the main task and mission of all of them is to raise a worthy person, give him a worthy profession in the future, and prepare him for life. As the core of important strategic directions, the meaning, content and objectives of educational institutions at various levels in the country, as well as the goals and objectives of the people, are changing, which is closely related to development processes. , establishing the place of a person and a professional in it, obtaining complete information about the world and the Universe. It has been studied that a full understanding of the essence of such a pressing, modern and important problem, the presence of a methodological basis for solving its problems is associated with the issue of correctly determining the results of the current education system of the country and the professional qualifications of students. teachers, as well as pedagogical and didactic goals.
MONITORING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN SOUTH KOREA
Authors:   Bishkek State University named after K.K. Karasaev, Alymbekova Aitolkun
Published: June 2024

This article examines the education quality monitoring system in South Korea, with a special focus on primary education. Covering key points about standardized testing, rating systems, and innovative teaching methods, it provides a comprehensive review of effective practices across the country. The author emphasized the importance of primary education in forming an educational culture that promotes the development of critical thinking and creative abilities of junior students. The findings of the study provide valuable lessons for other countries seeking to improve the quality of their education systems. Thе article discusses the education system and monitoring the quality of education in South Korea, which currently occupies a leading position in international educational rankings. Since 1995, South Korea has been participating in international studies to assess the quality of education TIMSS, since 2000 PISA and in recent years has been recognized as a leading country with a high level of education quality. One of the factors of the high quality of education in South Korea is the national character of the educational culture of Koreans, who traditionally consider education an important component of the future success of both the country and every family. According to the International Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the socio- economic development of South Korea does not have a direct impact on the educational achievements of the country, but is associated with an effective national education system. And as a result, the high quality of education leads to an increase in the socio-economic development of the country as a whole.
DIGITAL SOLUTIONS FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF DEMULSIFIERS
Authors: Gusakov Viktor N. , Raskildina Gulnara Z. , Zlotsky Semen S.
Published: June 2024

Digital technology for quality control of field demulsifiers based on a numerical algorithm for processing digitized Raman spectra (RS) and infrared (IR) spectra was developed and tested. The width of the acceptance limit of the numerical criterion for deciding on the proper quality of demulsifiers for various values of the specific risk of making a false negative decision was calculated. IR and Raman spectra of active substances (Laprols, Neonols, Amines) used for the production of commercial demulsifiers have been registered. Spectral zones and characteristic lines of absorption (IR spectra) and emission (Raman spectra) specific for Laprols, Neonols, Amines have been determined. Using the characteristic spectral bands of the active ingredients, the compositions of demulsifier samples from different batches were compared.
THE USE OF A POLYMERIZATION MODERATOR BASED ON PARA-PHENYLENEDIAMINES IN THE PRODUCTION OF STYRENE
Authors: Danilov Evgeny A. , Tabrisov Ilmir I. , Likhacheva Natalia A. , Prozorova Olga B.
Published: June 2024

Currently, two types of reagents are used in industrial styrene production to prevent thermal polymerization during the rectification process: true inhibitors and polymerization retarders. Consumed in the process, the true inhibitor reacts with free radicals and breaks the reaction chain, determining the molecular weight of the polymer. The polymerization moderator reduces the concentration of the most mobile radicals and their lifetime, giving a hydrogen proton to the most reactive free alkyl radical. As a polymerization moderator, dinitrobutylphenol is the most effective, which, according to the degree of exposure to the body, belongs to the first class of danger. The main supplier of dinitrobutylphenol to Russia is the People's Republic of China. The paper considers the possibility of replacing the active styrene polymerization inhibitor with the domestic brand Inflow7007, which is a derivative of para-phenylenediamine. According to the set of characteristics, the new polymerization moderator belongs to moderately dangerous substances of the third hazard class.At the first stage of the work, comparative laboratory studies of four polymerization inhibitors were carried out. The dependence of the inhibitory ability on the concentration of the polymerization moderator, the kinetics of the process was studied, and a comparative analysis of domestic and imported analogues of inhibitory reagents was carried out.Next, an experimental industrial run was conducted at an existing styrene production plant, during which a gradual transition to a domestic inhibitor selected as a result of laboratory research was carried out. The transition was carried out in stages with the gradual replacement of dinitrobutylphenol with an inhibitor of the Inflow 7007 brand. Throughout the entire industrial pilot run, the polymer content in the cubic liquid of the raw styrene separation column was monitored. The conducted studies have shown the high efficiency of the proposed inhibitory system. According to the results of analytical control during the period of pilot tests, it was possible to reduce the average polymer content in the cubic liquid. In addition to increasing the effectiveness of polymerization inhibition in styrene production, the use of the proposed polymerization moderator will solve the problem of import substitution, increase worker safety, and reduce environmental risks.
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR GRAPHENE AND GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOUNDS PRODUCTION
Authors: Subkhankulov Vadim R. , Saitov Ilshat Kh. , Ryzhikov Oleg L. , Dolomatov Mikhail Yu.
Published: June 2024

Here are presented different ways for synthesis of graphene, graphene oxide and turbostratic graphene, including chemical vapor deposition, mechanical and chemical exfoliation methods and their modifications, epitaxial growth and laser synthesis. Their main advantages and disadvantages are presented. Special attention is given to a novel way for turbostratic graphene production by flash pyrolysis in electrical impulse discharge. Finally compared main physical properties of graphene and its compounds produced using different production methods.
SPECIFIC CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS OF INDIVIDUAL HYDROCARBONS IN MOTOR FUELS
Authors: Yakupov Marat M. , Aznabaev Radmir R. , Simonova Ekaterina V. , Vildanov Farhaд Sh. , Gubaydullin Irek M. , Rakhimov Marat N.
Published: June 2024

The increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is considered to be one of the global problems of our time, as this phenomenon leads to an increase in ambient temperature. The international community tries to take various measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Within the framework of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global temperature increases. In 2016 Russia joined the Paris Agreement on Climate and committed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25–30 % since 1990 levels by 2030. Transport is and will remain one of the main emitters of carbon dioxide emissions in the medium term. CO2 emissions from the combustion of any fuel depend primarily on its chemical composition. The composition of modern motor fuels includes paraffin, naphthenic, olefin and aromatic hydrocarbons, and sometimes oxygen-containing compounds are introduced into their composition. The article presents for the first time the results of studies of specific CO2 emissions of various classes of hydrocarbons included in motor fuels, depending on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. It is shown that the specific CO2 emissions of hydrocarbons included in the composition of motor fuels differ greatly both in group composition and within groups themselves. Specific CO2 emissions of such high-octane components of automobile gasoline as butanes and toluene, for example, differ by 10.6 %, and in terms of unit of energy released – by more than 24 %.
THE EFFECT OF DEPRESSANT-DISPERSING ADDITIVES ON SUMMER DIESEL FUEL
Authors: Gindullina Elvira F. , Yapaev Rustem Sh. , Belousova Olga Yu. , Sarantseva Ksenia I.
Published: June 2024

Diesel fuel is one of the most demanded fuels today. More than half of it is produced with the use of additives that improve low-temperature properties. Production of winter diesel fuel with depressor-dispersant additives has become widespread. Joint composition of depressor and dispersant enhance the action of qualitative characteristics of diesel fuel.The effectiveness of depressant-dispersant additives is due to the content of aromatic and paraffin hydrocarbons in diesel fuel.Determining the effectiveness of additives at different hydrocarbon compositions of diesel fuel is an urgent task, which makes it possible to expand the low-temperature performance of diesel fuel.The article presents the results of research on studying the effect of two depressor-dispersing additives of RN-DDP-2401 and Infineum R707 brands on the properties of a sample of summer diesel fuel. Their optimal concentrations are also determined.
RESEARCH AND SELECTION OF CATALYSTS FOR INSTALLATION PENTANE-HEXANE ISOMERIZATION
Authors: Zatylkin Nikita S. , Bulankin Vadim A. , Uhov Andrey N. , Fomina Vera V.
Published: June 2024

There are strict restrictions on the quality requirements of gasoline produced at refineries, currently operating pentane-hexane isomerization (PGI) plants, including PGI-434, use the foreign ATIS-21 catalyst from Axens, which has a number of disadvantages during operation. A study was conducted to find an alternative catalyst. To eliminate these disadvantages, it is proposed to use an alternative catalyst SI-2B of Russian production. The analysis is carried out and the comparative characteristics of the catalysts are presented, including a comparison of the activities in the formation of isomers. The results of the study show that replacing the ATIS-2L catalyst at the PGI-434 installation with a SI-2B catalyst will improve the conditions of the isomerization process, as well as lower capital and operating costs. The most profitable catalyst has been selected.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR MODERNIZATION OF POLYETHYLENE WAX GRANULATION UNIT
Authors: Zakharov Nikolai M. , Ilyin Evgeny V. , Khasanov Ramil G.
Published: June 2024

Industrial development trends in the Russian Federation actualize a number of important issues for the production sites of the petrochemical complex. Such issues include problems at enterprises related to environmental aspects and working conditions at the processing and disposal units of by-products and waste products.Polyethylene wax is a by-product of the polymerization reaction of ethylene. As part of solving the above problems related to the production of polyethylene, modern methods of melt granulation have been studied.The analysis of the parameters of the active polyethylene wax extraction unit and the key characteristics of the by-product has been carried out. The technological scheme of the continuous granulation unit, which includes a granulation tower, is proposed.Economic calculations show the expediency of recommending the use of the method in production.
IMPROVING SAFETY SYSTEMS WHEN WORKING AT HEIGHTS
Authors: Abdrakhmanov Nail Kh. , Zakirova Zemfira A. , Sharafutdinova Gulnara M. , Kochergin Maxim Yu. , Sultanova Riana A. , Denisova Yulia A. , Navanova Alina K.
Published: June 2024

This article deals with the problem of falls from heights and their consequences for human health and life. Falls from height of an employee is the most frequent cause of an accident. In the Russian Federation every third or fourth serious accident occurs due to a fall from a high object. This fact confirms the need for a systematic approach to ensuring the safety of work at height. Statistics of the World Health Organization and the Federal Service for Labor and Employment on falls as a significant public health problem and the most common types of accidents in Russia are presented. Data on the distribution of accidents with severe consequences in 2020 and 2021 in organizations of the Russian Federation are also presented. Based on the analysis, the causes and factors affecting the frequency of falls are identified. The most significant preconditions for a worker to fall are determined, they are the improper use of personal protective equipment.The article discusses the safety systems, their advantageous and missing characteristics. A unique new safety harness system is presented, which is oriented to ensure safety when working at heights and carrying out fire operations in the field of construction, energy, utility works and safety at heights. The operation of the cushioning element in the system and its benefits, such as preventing injury to the spine and other body parts in contact with the system, are described. It also notes the improved fire resistance and lightness of the system by replacing the chain sling with reinforced fiber halyards.
DIVISION OF OILY EMULSIONS BY POLYSULFONAMIDE MEMBRANES TREATED WITH PLASMA OF GLOW AND CORONA DISCHARGES
Authors: Dryakhlov Vladislav O. , Alekseeva Marina Yu. , Sanatullova Zemfira T. , Shaikhiev Ildar G.
Published: June 2024

The problem of hydrocarbon ingress into the environment is a global issue, associated with both local pollution near the source of formation and the hydrosphere as a whole. The application of energy- and resource-saving technologies to reduce waste emissions into the environment, with the possibility of their partial return to the technological cycle, is an optimal solution for preventing pollution and rational resource utilization. Membrane technologies meet these requirements and are a universal solution for purifying any pollutant with the possibility of its recovery. Moreover, the efficiency of these processes can exceed 99 %, while the equipment occupies less space and uses minimal reagents compared to other apparatus. Based on the above, this study presents research on the separation of hydrocarbon emulsions based on I20-A grade industrial oil using polysulfonamide membranes. To intensify the process and enhance resistance to oil fouling, polymer filters were treated with corona and glow discharge plasma. As a result of this modification, the separation efficiency increased from 80.9 % to 99.0 %, and the productivity increased by approximately 10 times. Analysis of the membranes using electron microscopy revealed surface deformations, such as changes in roughness, due to plasma treatment, leading to improved selectivity towards the water phase of the emulsion. Analysis of the IR spectra showed the most significant differences in absorption bands between the original and plasma-treated polysulfonamide (PSA) membranes in the area of C–O stretching vibrations, contributing to increased water adsorption in the corresponding area. The research results recommend the application of the tested membrane ultrafiltration method for treating wastewater containing emulsified oils, such as used lubricants or cleaning solutions. Plasma treatment of membrane filters with corona or glow discharge contributes to increased efficiency and productivity in emulsion separation.
COMPUTERIZATION INFLUENCE ON VISION: LEGAL ISSUES
Authors: Shcherbakov Alexander S. , Savicheva Yulia N. , Vakhitov Reval D. , Iskhakova Yulia A. , Gabdrakhmanova Rimma R.
Published: June 2024

There are more than 450 main professions on the Russian labor market, a quarter of which involve working on a PC. In this regard, labor protection in the employee’s workplace is of high importance.Despite the fact that office workers are not burdened with physical labor, sedentary work at a computer carries a number of occupational hazards that can harm the body.Russian legislation does not provide for benefits or concessions when working with a PC; however, occupational diseases that may appear in this work environment occur no less frequently than for those who engage in physical labor.This article discusses aspects from the point of view of labor protection, labor legislation, and also provides recommendations for reducing the risk of injury to office workers.
Influence of dynamic characteristics of the turning process on the workpiece surface roughness
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Gvindjiliya Valery , Fominov Evgeniy ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Moiseev Denis ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Gamaleeva Ekaterina ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The formation of the surface of a part when processing it on a metal-cutting machine is based on properly selected cutting modes. Complex methods of ensuring the specified quality of the part surface also take into account the tool geometry, its condition, and include corrections for tool deviation from the trajectory set by the CNC system under the influence of kinematic disturbances and spindle wavering. Subject. The paper analyzes the relationship between cutting modes and dynamic characteristics of the turning process, and its mapping into surface roughness. The aim of the work is to evaluate the influence of technological cutting modes taking into account the vibration activity of the tool on the roughness of the machined surface by means of simulation modeling. Method and methodology. Mathematical simulation of the dynamics of the cutting process is given, on the basis of which a digital simulation model is built. A methodology of using the simulation model for determining optimal cutting modes and predicting surface roughness taking into account tool vibrations is proposed. By means of experiments and analysis of the frequency characteristics of tool vibrations, the created model is validated, parameters of the cutting forces model subsystem and dynamic tool subsystem are specified, and geometrical topologies of the part surface are constructed. The calculated cutting forces are compared with experimental forces, and similar patterns and levels of characteristics are observed. An assessment of the optimality of the selected cutting modes is proposed based on the analysis of the tool vibration spectrum relative to the workpiece and the results of the numerical model simulation. Results and Discussion. A comparison of the results of digital modeling of the geometrical surface of the workpiece and the real surface obtained during the field experiment is given. It is shown that the roughness of the real surface obtained by machining with constant cutting modes varies relative to the surface roughness of the simulation model within the limits of not more than 0.066 µm.