bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can lubrication of the eyelid speculum reduce overall pain perception associated with cataract surgery by phacoemulsification performed under topical anesthesia?
Authors: Jha Rakesh K , Kurumkattil Raji
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using the lubricated eyelid speculum on the overall pain perception by the subject patients who underwent cataract surgery by phacoemulsification technique under topical anesthesia.

Methods:

A prospective interventional randomized comparative study was conducted at the tertiary eye care center, wherein adult patients scheduled for bilateral cataract surgery with phacoemulsification techniques under topical anesthesia were randomized to undergo surgery with two different modes of eyelid speculum insertion, either with or without lubrication of the eyelid speculum. Fifty percent of the patients underwent surgery with eyelid speculum without lubrication, and 50% with lubrication of the eyelid speculum. The primary outcome was to compare the level of overall pain perception among the subject patients of the two groups by using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in the immediate postoperative period.

Results:

The study included 130 patients who underwent bilateral cataract surgery (n = 260 eyes) under topical anesthesia, wherein n = 130 eyes underwent surgery using lubricated eyelid speculum and n = 130 eyes underwent surgery with dry eyelid speculum. Pain perception score assessed on the VAS (0–10 cm) ranged from 0.5 to 6, with a mean ± standard deviation of 2.06 ± 1.12. A significant correlation was found with two different methods of eyelid speculum insertion with reduced overall pain perception in patients with the use of lubricated eyelid speculum compared to the dry eyelid speculum (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The overall pain perception associated with cataract surgery performed by phacoemulsification technique under topical anesthesia can be further minimized by lubricating the eyelid speculum prior to insertion for exposing the globe.
The Pentacam® AXL Wave provides a reliable wavefront-based objective refraction when compared to manifest subjective refraction: A prospective study
Authors: Balparda Kepa , Acevedo-Urrego Andrea , Silva-Quintero Laura Andrea , Herrera-Chalarca Tatiana
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Accurate refraction is arguably the most important parameter for a successful laser vision correction surgery and is based on a combination of manifest and cycloplegic refraction. Wavefront-based objective refraction may be useful in the evaluation of patients. So far, the reliability of objective refraction as measured using the Pentacam
®
AXL Wave has not been published in the literature.

Methods:

This was a prospective study including a total of 168 eyes belonging to 84 young non-presbyopic patients evaluated for refractive surgery. Pentacam
®
AXL Wave full sequence was taken for all patients. Then, a clinician who was unaware of the objective refraction results performed a full physical examination, including manifest refraction starting from an autorefractometer value. All refraction values were transferred to astigmatic power vectors as per the Thibos method. Reliability of the different vectors and a unifying blur value were compared using Spearman correlation, Bland–Altman plot, and intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results:

The mean age was 28.8 ± 5.4 years, with a female preponderance (60.7%). The correlation between both eyes was high. The difference in M vector between subjective and objective refraction was 0.16 D, while the difference was 0.04 and 0.01 D for the J
0
and J45 vectors, respectively. Paired samples Student t was non-significant for all comparisons. Spearman rho correlations were high (0.666–0.924, all P < 0.001). Intraclass correlation coefficients were also high (0.890–0.966). Bland–Altman plots did not demonstrate any systematic errors.

Conclusion:

Wavefront-based refractive refraction obtained using the Pentacam
®
AXL Wave is highly agreeable and correlated with measurements obtained by manifest subjective refraction.
Transvaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Ma Xiaolong , Chen Haipeng , Liu Zheng , Wang Xishan
Published: May 2022

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is an evolving technique that is promoting the minimally invasive surgery development. Now, we would like to introduce and report upon a transvaginal NOTES for upper rectal cancer with a 10-year follow-up. In 2010, a 40-year-old woman was admitted to our department for rectal cancer. The patient successfully underwent a transvaginal NOTES for upper rectal cancer. She did not complain any post-operative pain without analgesics. Up to April 2020, the patient had returned to normal life, the umbilicus scars were nearly invisible and the vaginal incision healed well. There was no umbilical hernia or uterine prolapse; any signs of tumor recurrence and metastasis were not detected. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical report of transvaginal NOTES in rectal cancer with long-term outcomes. Given our experience to date, this procedure is technically feasible and can be performed safely in properly selected patients.
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Presenting as Synchronous Adenocarcinoma Colon
Authors: Kumar R. Sathish , Kumar B. Ajay
Published: May 2022

Familial adenomatous polyposis is a genetic condition. It is diagnosed when a person develops more than 100 adenomatous colon polyps. Synchronous colon neoplasia is defined as two or more primary tumors identified in the same patient and at the same time. We report a case of a 43 year old female presenting with synchronous colon cancer and multiple adenomatous polyps.
Giant Gastrocolic Omental Lipoma
Authors: Adhip G. , Sreejayan M. P.
Published: May 2022

A lipoma is a benign noninvasive encapsulated mesenchymal tumor that resembles normal fat. It is ubiquitous and the most common tumor to affect soft tissues. Although lipoma may arise from any tissue containing fat, omental lipoma is extremely rare. We report a case of a 38-year-old female with no known comorbidities presenting with early onset of satiety, abdominal distension and nausea for the past 6 months. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a lipomatous lesion in the region of the greater omentum, which was treated by surgical resection.
Web architecture for URL-based phishing detection based on Random Forest, Classification Trees, and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Lamas Piñeiro Julio , Wong Portillo Lenis
Published: May 2022

Nowadays phishing is as serious a problem as any other, but it has intensified a lot in the current coronavirus pandemic, a time when more than ever we all use the Internet even to make payments daily. In this context, tools have been developed to detect phishing, there are quite complex tools in a computational calculation, and they are not so easy to use for any user. Therefore, in this work, we propose a web architecture based on 3 machine learning models to predict whether a web address has phishing or not based mainly on Random Forest, Classification Trees, and Support Vector Machine. Therefore, 3 different models are developed with each of the indicated techniques and 2 models based on the models, which are applied to web addresses previously processed by a feature retrieval module. All this is deployed in an API that is consumed by a Frontend so that any user can use it and choose which type of model he/she wants to predict with. The results reveal that the best performing model when predicting both results is the Classification Trees model obtaining precision and accuracy of 80%.

En la actualidad el phishing es un problema tan serio como cualquier otro, pero se ha intensificado bastante en la actual pandemia del coronavirus, un momento en el que más que nunca todos utilizamos internet hasta para realizar pagos cotidianamente. En este contexto se han desarrollado herramientas para detectar phishing, existen herramientas bastante complejas en calculo computacional y que no son de tan sencilla utilización para cualquier usuario. Por ende, en este trabajo proponemos una arquitectura web basada en 3 modelos de aprendizaje automático para predecir si una dirección web tiene phishing o no basados principalmente en Random Forest, Classification Trees y Support Vector Machine. Por lo tanto, se desarrollan 3 modelos distintos con cada una de las técnicas indicadas y 2 modelos basados en los anteriormente mencionados modelos, los cuales son aplicados a direcciones web previamente procesadas por un módulo de obtención de características. Todo ello se despliega en un API la cual es consumida por un Frontend para que cualquier usuario lo pueda utilizar y escoger con qué tipo de modelo quiere predecir. Los resultados revelan que el modelo que mejor se comporta al momento de predecir ambos resultados es el modelo de Árboles de clasificación obteniendo una precisión y exactitud de 80%.
Ethanol Productivity of Ethanol-Tolerant Mutant Strain Pichia kudriavzevii R-T3 in Monoculture and Co-culture Fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Rahmadhani Nurfadhilla , Astuti Rika Indri , Meryandini Anja
Published: May 2022

We previously developed ethanol-tolerant P. kudriavzevii R-T3 (P.ku R-T3) mutant from its parental strain P.ku R-WT by evolutionary adaptation method. Hence, we further analyze the ethanol productivity of the particular isolates in a monoculture and co-culture with industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 at various inoculum ratio. Based on the spot assay, R3 mutant yeast showed better cell viability under 10% ethanol stress than the wild type, potentially due to the high expression level of PKINO1 gene involved in the synthesis of inositol. In the monoculture fermentation, S. cerevisiae could use glucose, while P.ku could use mixed glucose and xylose as carbon sources for ethanol fermentation. P.ku R-T3 performed the most potential ethanol kinetics parameters, including the highest ethanol production (10.10 g/L), ethanol productivity (0.21 g/L/h), and fermentation efficiency (84.36%). Upscaling the inoculum of P.ku R-T3 by ten times resulted in 10% higher ethanol production. However, the highest substrate utilization rate did not indicate an increase in ethanol production. Indeed, P.ku R-T3 showed a low mixed substrate use but produced higher ethanol production than S. cerevisiae, as much as 21-31%, depending on the initial inoculum. Interestingly, the co-culture of P.ku R-T3 and BY4741 did not substantially produce higher ethanol production than the monoculture technique. About 30% reduction of ethanol production was found by co-culturing BY4741 with P.ku R-T3 than P.ku R-T3 alone. Taken together, the monoculture fermentation of P.ku R-T3 remains the promising fermentation technique than that of the co-culture with industrial yeast S. cerevisiae.
Molecular Detection of Hemagglutinin Gene Fragment of Avian Influenza Virus H9 Subtype Obtained from Poultry Commercial Farm with Prominent Symptom of Decreased Egg Production
Authors: Maharani Niken Respati , Susetya Heru , Wibowo Michael Haryadi
Published: May 2022

Avian influenza virus H9N2 subtype is considered a low pathogenic strain that has been reported in Indonesia since late 2016. The outbreak has caused economic losses for farmers due to the sharp drop in egg production. The evidence of the existence of AIV H9N2 has been published, but very limited information on the prominent symptom and macroscopic lesion. This research was a retrospective study of suspected avian influenza H9 subtype, obtained from layer commercial farm with recorded characteristic symptoms. Specific trachea samples were collected and further processed to be isolated, propagated using embryonated chicken egg, and then extracted the RNA for molecular detection using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A positive result was further detected in its H-9 gene with  RT-PCR technique and sequencing methods. One of five samples showed positive for RT-qPCR with CT value 30.19. Sequence analysis confirmed that the sample with characteristic macroscopic lesion could be detected in the presence of the AIV H9 subtype. Phylogenetic tree analyses revealed that this virus belongs to the China-Vietnam- Indonesia (CVI) lineage.
Sub-acute toxicity study on tartrazine in male albino rats
Authors: Usman Jiddah Nafiu , Muhammad Gadanya Aisha
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to compare the sub-acute toxicity of tartrazine azo dyes that is used extensively as food colorant at low and high dose on biochemical parameters, lipid profiles and histological abnormalities. Twelve male albino rats were grouped into 3 groups of 4 rats each. Group 1 was fed normal diet and water, Group 2 was administered tartrazine 7.5mg/kg body weight and Group 3 was administered tartrazine 75mg/kg body weight. The albino rats were sacrificed after 7 weeks; tissue and blood samples were collected to assess the histopathological changes, lipid profiles and biochemical parameters of the liver and kidney. The findings revealed significant elevation (P < 0.05) in serum total cholesterol (TC) (4.88±0.31mg/dl to 8.18±0.45 mg/dl), triglyceride (TG) (0.92±0.05 mg/dl to 1.63±0.14 mg/dl), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (3.59±0.26 mg/dl to 7.05±0.39 mg/dl), urea (42.35±2.43 mg/dl to 50.53±2.96 mg/dl) and creatinine (0.97±0.05 mg/dl to 1.46±0.17 mg/dl), alanine amino transferase (ALT) (12.87±2.64 U/L to 37.74±5.76 U/L), aspartame amino transferase (AST) (47.33±3.92 U/L to 134.88±6.51 U/L) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (76.80±8.58 U/L to 124.01±1.51 U/L) levels in groups administered low and high doses of tartrazine and significant decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) (0.81±0.05 mg/dl to 1.11±0.10 mg/dl), in comparison to the control. Furthermore, Periportal lymphocytic infiltrates and moderate mesangial cell proliferation were observed in kidney and liver respectively of rats administered tartrazine at both low and high dose. Hence, excessive use of tartrazine for long time may result in kidney and liver toxicity.
Analysis of a new numerical approach to solutions of heat conduction equations arising from heat diffusion
Authors: Babuba Sunday , Tumba P. , Bakari A.I.
Published: May 2022

In this work, a new numerical finite difference scheme with the aim of obtaining a new numerical scheme that will be used to solve for the solution of Partial Differential Equations (PDE) arising from heat conduction equation is developed. This is significant because in recent times there is a growing interest in literatures to obtain a continuous numerical method for solving PDE. The numerical accuracy of this new approach is also studied. Detailed numerical results have shown that the new method provides better results than the known explicit finite difference method by Schmidt. And in terms of stability, the new scheme has been able to clearly shown that it is more stable than the old Schmidt explicit method. There is no semi-discretization involved and no reduction of PDE to a system of ODEs in the new approach, but rather a system of algebraic equations is directly obtained. MATLAB software wasused to solve for the desired solutions and the results obtained has shown that the method is near exact solutions.
Effects of sex on carcass composition and physicochemical, textural and rheological properties of meat from grey partridge
Authors: Włodarczyk K. , Kokoszyński D. , Saleh M. , Kotowicz M. , Wasilewski P.D.
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to determine the effects of sex on bodyweight (BW) and dimensions, carcass weight, dressing percentage, percentage of carcass components, chemical composition, mineral content, acidity and electrical conductivity of the breast and leg muscles of grey partridges (Perdix perdix L.). The experiment also determined the colour attributes, textural and rheological characteristics, and mineral content in the liver of the grey partridge. Fifteen males and 15 females were examined. Carcasses were weighed on electronic scales, then dissected. The chemical compounds in the breast and leg muscles were determined with a near-infrared spectrophotometer. To ascertain the contents of minerals, the meat samples were analysed by spectrometry. The textural and rheological properties were established with the TPA double compression test, Warner-Bratzler (WB) test, and the relaxation test. At 36 weeks, males had significantly longer keels and shanks than females. Males and females did not differ significantly in the weight of the eviscerated carcass, dressing percentage, and percentage of carcass components. There were no significant differences between males and females in the chemical composition of meat from breasts and legs, and in the mineral contents of the breast and leg muscles and the liver. Bird sex had no significant effect on acidity and electrical conductivity of the breast and leg muscles or on the lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) of the Pectoralis major muscle. No significant differences were established between 36-week-old males and females in textural and rheological characteristics. Thus, there was scant evidence for sexual dimorphism in this species.
Comparison of four semi-quantitative tests for evaluation of colostrum quality in Saanen goats
Authors: Kaçar Y. , Mecitoğlu Z. , Topal O. , Batmaz H.
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Brix refractometry and to compare the Brix value with semi-quantitative indicators such as total protein (TP), total protein in whey (TPw), glutaraldehyde coagulation time (GCT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) enzyme activity for determining the quality of colostrum. Colostrum samples were collected from 38 Saanen goats just after parturition and on the first day (24 ± 4 hours) and second day (48 ± 4) after parturition. The Brix value, TP and TPw levels were measured with optic refractometers. The level of GCT was determined with a 10% glutaraldehyde solution. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were measured with a goat IgG ELISA. All measurements decreased significantly after parturition. The IgG and Brix values on the day of parturition were 4719.28 ±107.94 mg/dL and 20.55 ± 0.71, respectively. The TPw levels were lower than TP on all three days and a significant difference was detected on day 2. The IgG concentration was higher in the first-parity and second-parity goats compared with those older does. However, no differences were observed in the other characteristics of the colostrum. Litter size did not affect IgG or the other semi-quantitative tests. Correlation coefficients were higher than 0.8 Tp with TPw, and for the Brix value with both TP and TPw. Brix refractometry could be used to evaluate colostrum quality in Saanen goats and TPw is a more reliable indicator than TP.
Early phase dietary supplementation of lipase and lecithin affects performance, haematology and immunology of broilers
Authors: Shabani M.N. , De Marzo D. , Esmailzadeh L. , Seidavi A. , Laudadio V. , Tufarelli V.
Published: May 2022

A total of 192 one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were weighed individually (42.0 ± 0.8 g live weight) and randomly assigned to four dietary groups, each with three replicates of 16 birds. One group was a control (CON) and fed a starter diet without supplementation. The other three groups were fed the same starter diet during the starter phase (1 - 10 days old) supplemented with lecithin (LEC) at 0.05 g/kg diet or lipase (LIP) at 0.05 g/kg, or a combination (LEC+LIP) at 0.05 + 0.05 g/kg. No significant effects of supplementation with LEC and LIP on feed intake of broilers were observed during the starter phase, whereas bodyweight gain increased after the combined addition of these supplemental ingredients. Thus, final bodyweight was greater in LEC+LIP broilers compared with the other groups. Dietary supplementation with LEC or LIP had a positive effect on final bodyweight. However, the effect was less than the simultaneous supplementation of LEC+LIP. Moreover, the feed conversion ratio in the LEC+LIP group improved (P <0.05) in the finisher phase (25 - 42 days old). Carcass traits and blood parameters were not influenced significantly by treatments, whereas supplementing LEC+LIP stimulated the immune system of broilers significantly. Thus, it can be concluded that supplementing LEC and LIP in early-stage broilers supported their performance and immune response positively up to finisher rearing phase.
Effect of dietary supplementation with L-Carnitine and fenofibrate on broiler chickens
Authors: Azizi-Chekosari M. , Bouyeh M. , Seidavi A. , Ventura M.R.
Published: May 2022

A factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of L-Carnitine and fenofibrate on broilers. There were four replicates of four treatments, with each replicate including ten male Ross 308 broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted over a 42-day period. The treatments consisted of two levels of L-Carnitine (200 and 400 mg/kg) and two levels of fenofibrate (50 and 100 mg/kg) as supplements to a basal diet. Growth, carcass characteristics, serum constituents, immune system responsiveness, cecal microflora, sensory attributes and fatty acid profiles of breast meat, and small intestine histology were characterized. During the finishing period, the chickens fed a diet containing 400 mg/kg L-Carnitine and 50 or 100 mg/kg fenofibrate had lower feed intake andfeed conversion ratio (FCR) and higher weight than the other treatments. Application of 400 mg/kg L-Carnitine in combination with two levels of fenofibrate reduced ventricular fat (P <0.05), cholesterol (P <0.01), triglycerides (P <0.05), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) (P <0.05). These treatments increased antibody titers against Newcastle disease (ND)and avian influenza virus (AIV). Among the sensory properties of breast meat, experimental treatments had a significant effect only on its aroma (P <0.05). In general, supplementing the diet of Ross 308 broilers with 400 mg/kg L-Carnitine and 50 or 100 mg/kg of fenofibrate is recommended.
Geneza, teoria i praktyka rosyjskiej inżynierii przymusowej migracji. Przyczynek do badań nad kryzysem migracyjnym na wschodniej flance NATO
Authors: Wojnowski Michał
Published: May 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie genezy i założeń rosyjskiej koncepcji inżynierii przymusowej migracji oraz jej praktycznego zastosowania ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli służb specjalnych w takich działaniach. Inżynieria przymusowej migracji stała się bezprecedensową formą nacisku, za pomocą której Federacja Rosyjska realizuje swoje interesy geopolityczne. Wykorzystywanie tego narzędzia przez ten kraj jest faktem, a nie pozbawioną dowodów empirycznych teorią spiskową, jak uważa część analityków związanych z instytucjami Unii Europejskiej. Porównanie przebiegu exodusu Kubańczyków z Mariel do Miami w 1980 r. oraz fińsko-rosyjskiego kryzysu migracyjnego w latach 2015–2016 dowodzi, że co najmniej od czasów zimnej wojny Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich, a następnie Federacja Rosyjska – na podstawie nowatorskiego podejścia do problemów bezpieczeństwa i teorii konfliktów w nauce wojskowej – wypracowały skuteczne środki i metody inżynierii przymusowej migracji, czyniąc z nich narzędzie destabilizowania państw i wymuszania korzystnych dla siebie ustępstw politycznych.
Czy następuje schyłek ekoterroryzmu?
Authors: Izak Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

Celem artykułu jest krótka charakterystyka ekoterroryzmu, którego podstawą jest specyficzna ideologia. Niektóre treści głoszone przez jej propagatorów mogłyby zasługiwać na poparcie, gdyby nie ich zbyt odhumanizowana retoryka, a zwłaszcza praktyka nią motywowana. Zjawisko ekoterroryzmu, czyli terroryzmu ekologicznego, jest związane ze stosowaniem przemocy przez ekstremistyczne ugrupowania proekologiczne i zradykalizowane jednostki. Ekoterroryzm dzieli się na terroryzm prośrodowiskowy i prozwierzęcy, zwany również animalistycznym. Terroryzm ekologiczny można też podzielić na terroryzm obrońców środowiska naturalnego i terroryzm stosowany przez obrońców praw zwierząt. Największy rozwój ekoterroryzmu nastąpił w USA. Animal Liberation Front, ALF (Front Wyzwolenia Zwierząt) był najbardziej niebezpieczną organizacją proekologiczną, najwięcej członków liczyła natomiast była grupa Earth First!, EF! (Najpierw Ziemia!). Do przemocy ze strony ekoterrorystów dochodziło w wielu państwach naszego kontynentu, przede wszystkim w Wielkiej Brytanii. Do Polski również przeniknęła ideologia ekocentryzmu, stanowiąca na Zachodzie motywację do aktywności wielu ugrupowań, jednak w naszym kraju nie wywarła ona wielkiego wpływu na działalność zorganizowanych grup ekologów i pojedynczych osób. Notowano natomiast przypadki przemocy układające się w serię zdarzeń skierowanych przeciw określonym firmom i instytucjom zagrażającym środowisku. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że powoli, ale systematycznie spada na świecie liczba zdarzeń o charakterze ekoterrorystycznym. Za wcześnie, aby prognozować jego schyłek, jednak na pewno można mówić o coraz mniejszej aktywności związanej ze stosowaniem przemocy. Na obniżanie skali agresywnych działań proekologicznych składa się kilka okoliczności. Przede wszystkim nastąpił wzrost świadomości ekologicznej społeczeństw i rządów. Duży wpływ na spadek liczby zdarzeń o charakterze ekoterrorystycznym ma też zaostrzenie przepisów prawa, a także działalność organizacji ekologicznych.
Zmieniające się sposoby prowadzenia konfliktów zbrojnych w świetle regulacji prawnomiędzynarodowych
Authors: Droździoł Jakub
Published: May 2022

Zmieniające się sposoby prowadzenia konfliktów zbrojnych w świetle regulacji prawnomiędzynarodowych

Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie o stopień dostosowania obecnych regulacji prawnomiędzynarodowych do zmieniających się sposobów prowadzenia konfliktów zbrojnych. Większość przepisów regulujących te kwestie sformułowano w niedługim czasie po zakończeniu II wojny światowej i w dużej mierze nie odpowiadają one aktualnej rzeczywistości. Konflikty zbrojne zmieniły bowiem swój charakter – coraz rzadziej prowadzą je państwa, a coraz częściej grupy terrorystyczne czy organizacje paramilitarne. Pojawiają się również coraz nowsze sposoby prowadzenia działań zbrojnych, takie jak np. targeted killing, w których są wykorzystywane nowe rodzaje broni, np. drony. Potrzebna jest zatem krytyczna refleksja dotycząca legalności takich działań.
The genesis, theory, and practice of Russian coercive migration engineering. A contribution to the study of the migration crisis on NATO’s eastern flank
Authors: Wojnowski Michał
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to present the origins and assumptions of the Russian concept of coercive migration engineering and its practical application with particular emphasis on the role of special services in such activities. The engineering of coercive migration has become an unprecedented form of leverage through which the Russian Federation pursues its geopolitical interests. The country’s use of this tool is a fact and not a conspiracy theory devoid of empirical evidence, as some analysts associated with European Union institutions believe. A comparison of the course of the exodus of Cubans from Mariel to Miami in 1980 and the Finnish-Russian migration crisis in 2015-2016 proves that at least since the Cold War, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and then the Russian Federation - on the basis of innovative approaches to security problems and conflict theory in military science –have developed effective means and methods of engineering coercive migration, making it a tool for destabilizing states and forcing political concessions favorable to themselves.
Fake news as a new category of threat to the system of economic security of the state in the era of epidemic crisis
Authors: Mroczka Kamil
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the article is to discuss a new category of threat to the economic security of the state, which is the phenomenon of creation and dissemination of fake news. The analysis was conducted during a difficult period of coronavirus spread. This timing is particularly important as most countries around the world are experiencing negative economic impacts from the emergence of COVID-19. Economic systems, including Poland’s, are exposed to unprecedented challenges. This particular time may favor many state-level stakeholders or multinational corporations to weaken the Polish state. In the article the author analyzed fake news that appeared in the public space after 13 March 2020. Additionally, as a case study, he presented mechanisms developed in one of the institutions of the financial safety net in Poland.
SOCIO-HUMANITARIAN DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN SOCIETY IN THE EPOCH OF MODERNITY AND CURRENT POSTMODERN TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Bielkin Igor , Bogatchuk Svitlana , Levchuk Konstantin , Makarov Zorislav , Shvets Lina , Mangora Volodymir , Mazylo Igor
Published: May 2022

All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The content and reliability of the articles are the responsibility of the authors. When using and borrowing materials reference to the publication is required. The collection of scientific articles published is the scientific and practical publication, which contains scientific articles of students, graduate students, Candidates and Doctors of Sciences, research workers and practitioners from Europe and Ukraine. The articles contain the study, reflecting the processes and changes in the structure of modern science.
A Case Study of the Design and Operation of a Flipped Learning Class using Edu tech in SW Basic Liberal Arts Edu cation
Authors: Jang Eun-Sill
Published: May 2022

In a world that is changing with digital technology, SW and AI are no longer necessary only for those students majoring in these fields. The Corona pandemic has accelerated these changes even more. A University also reorganized its information technology utilization competency curriculum to keep pace with these changes and opened SW basic compulsory liberal arts courses from 2021. Due to the nature of SW education, learning effects can be expected only when learning motivation and continuous learning are maintained. However, for learners who need to receive basic SW liberal arts education in a non-face-to-face class environment, the burden of learning has increased. Therefore, as a way to increase the learning effect of SW basic liberal arts education, Edutech was used as a relatively efficient flipped-learning teaching method during the Corona pandemic and the class was designed and operated. After operating a flipped learning class using Edutech in SW basic liberal arts education, students were asked to participate in the class through a questionnaire involving their level of understanding, interest, benefit, recommendation, satisfaction, appropriateness of learning materials, assignments and quizzes. Appropriateness of learning support was checked. As a result of the questionnaire analysis, it was possible to confirm the positive aspects of the effectiveness of the flipped learning class using Edutech in the SW basic liberal arts education, and also in the area concerning the need for improvement measures. Even in the post-Corona era, the use of Edutech is expected to develop more and more. In this respect, the flipped learning class design using Edutech in SW basic liberal arts education can be said to be a meaningful class design and mode of operation in preparation for the post-Corona era. In future research, by conducting in-depth research on improvement measures, we intend to develop a systematization plan for SW basic liberal arts education that can be helpful in strengthening information technology capabilities of the students and nurturing their talents.
Analysis of the Serial Multiple Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy and Co-regulation in the Relationship between Growth Mindset and Team Creativity of College Freshmen in the Hackathon Program
Authors: You Ji Won
Published: May 2022

In order to promote future competencies in the era of the 4th industrial age, universities need to provide challenging learning experiences and opportunities that enable students to take initiative. Universities also need to train their students in creative problem-solving skills. In this study, growth mindset, self-efficacy, and co-regulation were selected as predictors for team creativity in a hackathon program, which was considered to be a challenging learning context. In particular, concerning the relationship between growth mindset and team creativity, the serial multiple mediating effect of self-efficacy and co-regulation was tested. Data were collected from 806 students who participated in the freshman hackathon program in the first semester of 2021 at A University in Gyeonggi-do. The serial multiple mediation analysis was performed using PROCESS, and the main results were as follows: First, in the context of the hackathon program, growth mindset, self-efficacy, and co-regulation were found to be positive antecedent factors for improving team creativity. Second, the results showed that self-efficacy and co-regulation sequentially mediate the relationship between growth mindset and team creativity. Based on the research results, practical implications for developing and operating challenging educational programs were discussed, and the importance for providing training guidelines to students in order to promote a growth mindset among them, were suggested.
The 4th Industrial Revolution and the Significance of Liberal Education, and the Need to Reform Its Curriculum
Authors: Hong Seok Min
Published: May 2022

This work briefly defines the meaning of the 4th Industrial Revolution, and explains that the three problems produced by the Revolution are the need to redefine the meaning of humanity, to reframe the social structure, and to elevate the level of people’s lifetime job competences. Next, this work strongly argues that what is needed most in finding a solution for the three problems is creativity based on the convergence and integration among the so-called 4Cs or 6Cs. In addition, from drawing on a variety of data and previous research results, this work also clearly shows that liberal education is much more useful than major/concentration education when it comes to solving these three problems. Lastly, this work also points out that the reform of the liberal education curriculum in general, and its distribution system in particular, is necessary for the sake of heightening the level of creativity based on convergence and integration, and then suggests several ways of reforming these areas. With these kinds of reforms, liberal education could heighten the level of creativity based on convergence and integration and the possibility of solving the aforementioned three problems would be promoted.
Social Influence Throughout the Photovoltaic Adoption Process: Exploring the Impact of Stakeholder Perceptions
Authors: Scheller Fabian , Graupner Sören , Edwards James , Johanning Simon , Bergaentzlé Claire , Bruckner Thomas
Published: May 2022

This paper explores the role of social interactions in residential photovoltaic (PV) adoption. Our survey data from Germany indicate that residential PV decision makers are influenced primarily by stakeholders to whom they ascribe beneficial attributes. The data further show that key attributes vary along the decision making process: integrity and likeability demonstrate the strongest association with influence strength at the awareness stage, while availability and trustworthiness have the strongest association at the planning stage. The perception of the competence of the stakeholder is associated with greater influence across all stages.
Secure Cryptography by Using Hash Application
Authors: Patil Vedika , Jain Sakshi , Shah Yogita
Published: May 2022

This project is basically design for ensuring security to all kinds of data format file such as pdf, text, images, audio, videos etc. This is carried out using various keys and hashing algorithm. This project basically helps the end user to protect his/her personal files from the unauthorized user and can also restrict its access to the limited people. This complete process is carried out in two methods that are encryption and decryption. Encryption process required varchar key while encryption the data file which convert the original file in to incomprehensible format. Further in decryption process, again by providing the same key file can be converted in to its original format. This helps the user to protect personal file on a public systems like schools, colleges, cyber cafes, hospitals, banks etc. The cryptography is acquired through various algorithms and keys. We are using a XOR key function and Hash function for encrypting and decrypting the data. In this certain key given by user will be XOR with the actual byte code of file for encryption and vice versa for decryption. This ensures to restrict the personal files on a public system.
Applying Object Oriented Programming Concepts with Food Ordering System
Authors: Jawarkar Priti , Mahajan Rachana , Patil Vaibhavi , Malvi Ayushi
Published: May 2022

An ONLIINE FOOD ORDERING SYSTEM is mainly designed primarily function for use in the food delivery industry. This system will allow hotels and restaurants to increase online food ordering such type of business. The customers can be selected food menu items just in few minutes. In the modern food industries allow to quickly and easily delivery on customer place .Restaurant employees then use these orders through an easy to delivery on customer place easy find out The order confirmation is sent to the customer. The order is placed in the queue and updated in the database and returned in real time. This system assists the staff to go through the orders in real time and process it efficiently with minimal errors.
Forensic Investigation of Fraud in Village Government Agencies: An Ethnographic Study in Indonesian
Authors: Shaleh Khairul , Irianto Gugus , Djamhuri Ali , Adib Noval
Published: May 2022

The utilization of the Village Fund budget has resulted in many improvements in facilities and infrastructure for rural areas. Still, we cannot deny there is a misuse of the funding in some village governments. In this study, we aimed to understand how fraud occurs in village government institutions because there is a patron-client relationship in a bureaucratic environment. This research is an ethnographic study using data collection methods in the form of field observations, documenting files that have relevance for research, and in-depth interviews with informants by applying the snowball technique to obtain informants. The field findings show that the social relations between the political sponsor (patron) and the head of the village government (the client) make the internal control system that regulates financial procedures not run properly. In the end, it opens opportunities for the patrons to misuse the village budget. Fraud behavior is not limited to causing economic losses but also has implications for damaging the social joints of village community life. This research offers a village government monitoring model expected to help district governments develop a monitoring system.
Collective, Vulnerable, Nascent (Post) Qualitative Inquiry-Writing
Authors: Thiele Catherine , Heimans Stephen , Manathunga Catherine , Barry Suzanne , Cherry-Smith Benjamin , Farrelly Kristy , Grogan Terry , Kemble Robyn , McIlwain Lisa
Published: May 2022

As a group of multidisciplinary postgraduate research students and teachers emerging as a “we,” we read, discussed, and then, without planning to do so, responded in writing to the textual provocations of three post qualitative texts. We picture ourselves as a “classing,” a “becoming class” (Meirieu, 2020, para. 1.). We are a study-group-thinking-writing experimentation; vulnerable, wobbling and joyously grappling to (re)shape (our) post qualitative inquiries. The experiment offered a scholarly place to critically, creatively, and softly curate post qualitative questions and wonderings. The writings below offer a lure into our nascent post-qualitative vulnerabilities. The purpose of this paper is to offer an exploration of what it means “to do” post qualitative research. This includes both feeling-out what post qualitative research “is” and understanding that there is no extant single powerful definition and that post qualitative writing is likewise without set generic rules. In this paper we experiment with both the definitional boundaries of post qualitative research and the conventions of how to understand and come to write it. This paper is an incipient materialisation from a pedagogical event.
RETROSPEKTIVNI OGLED JEZIČKIH VEŠTINA U NASTAVI STRANOG JEZIKA I STATUS VEŠTINE PISANjA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Milenković Branka , Josifović-Elezović Sanja
Published: May 2022

At the beginning of the twentieth century L2 teaching practice has been established based on the theoretical framework and practice of L1 teaching. Striving to meet the needs of L2 students sufficiently there was a need to shift the focus of the teaching practice through many traditional and contemporary approaches. Although today there is a rather equivalent distribution among all four language skills in the classroom, for a long period of time the writing skill has been marginalized. In order to understand the status of the writing skill in the L2 classroom, this study attempts to recapture the development and the position of the writing skill from the middle of the XX century to the contemporary practice today in relation to the status of other language skills. In this research we have applied a descriptive and a comparative analysis to discover that the writing skill position has just recently obtained a coexisting, equivalent status in the L2 class- room in relation to other skills and the results enlighten the teaching techniques that have been utilized for the writing skill respectively in the transition from the traditional towards the contemporary teaching approaches.
SUBVERZIVNA ULOGA MUZIKE U PROCESU REKONSTRUKCIJE IDENTITETA U ROMANU „LJUBAV“ TONI MORISON
Authors:   Academy of Vocational Studies in Southern Serbia, Jovanović Nikolić Ivana
Published: May 2022

Growing up surrounded by music, Toni Morrison “inherits” a family- shared relationship towards this form of art, as a “tool” for preservation of one’s own history as well as of the communal history. Morrison understands the role of music as a valuable tool for the revision and reconstruction of identity in a system ruled by racial differentiation. The author has, on numerous occasions, pointed out that music “informs” her i.e. that her attempts to reconstruct its structure in her writing have led to a rise of literature where there are “more rather than less opportunities” (Stepto, 1977: 488). This literature is: sophisticated, demanding and yet so available. That type of literature, the type that upsets its reader, possesses a one-of-a-kind rhythm; a rhythm whose culmination is a sort of a bang, a unique beat which exists on a level underneath a linguistic one; that beat, so energetic and yet so balanced, must be heard rather than read. This type of literature offers the readers a sort of power – an opportunity to develop and progress i.e. overcome the existing limitations of its being. The novel Love, is, among other things, the author’s attempt to comprehend the why and how of love betrayal. She also deals with the issue of female identity and position of women at times when the African-American community was “doing its best” to “imitate” the patriarchal model of family life of white men. By bringing in the rhythm, repetition and musical patters as those appearing in jazz and blues, the author is transforming the language of its novel so that the characters are empowered to independently talk about their experi- ence. By changing the “stale” narrative forms, the author is “securing” the unity of African-American community and the right to their own identity. Furthermore, she is “reinforcing the idea of love as a space where one could negotiate freedom” (Schappell, 1992:83).
OBLICI POBUNE U SAMOKOVLIJINOJ I ANDRIĆEVOJ PROZI
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Todorović Branka
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the presence of the motif of rebellion is analyzed on the basis of two prose works: Davoka’s story of Jahijel’s rebellion (1953) and The story of the farmer Siman (1969). We establish a connection between the two main charac- ters, Samokovlija’s Jahijel and Andrić’s Siman, to distinguish between two forms of resistance. Jahijel’s rebellion is an ordinary, human revolt, whereas Siman’s is a revolutionary one; Jahijel opposes Jewish customs and tradition, while Siman opposes authority and government. Although the reasons and results of their op- position are different, both are fighting against ingrained social principles that don’t allow a marginalized individual to progress and free himself.
Práctica de la neuropsicología en Ecuador.
Authors: Mascialino Guido , Adana-Diaz Lila , Rodriguez-Lorenzana Alberto , Rivera Diego , Arango-Lasprilla Juan C.
Published: May 2022

Objetivos: Conocer el estado actual de la práctica de la neuropsicología en Ecuador a través de la administración de una encuesta online. Metodos: Un total de 48 profesionales que trabajan en el campo de la neuropsicología completaron una encuesta online entre agosto del 2018 hasta diciembre del 2019. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes fueron mujeres (62.5%) y con una media de edad de 37.23. El 87.5% reporta haber recibido entrenamiento en neuropsicología en postgrado. La mayoría está empleada en práctica privada, universidades y/o clínicas, y reportan estar satisfechos con su trabajo. Los diagnósticos tratados con mayor frecuencia son el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH), problemas de aprendizaje y trastornos de lenguaje. Las tres principales barreras identificadas para el desarrollo de la neuropsicología son la falta de programas de formación académica, la falta de programas de formación clínica y la falta de disposición para colaborar entre los profesionales. Conclusiones: La práctica de la neuropsicología en Ecuador está a la par con la de Latinoamérica. Sin embargo, ciertos cambios son necesarios como, incrementar los programas académicos y clínicos de entrenamiento en el área, formalizar regulaciones que garanticen calidad y estándares en la práctica, y continuar baremando y validando pruebas neuropsicológicas en el país.
Test de Lectura de la Mente a través de la Mirada: Primera aproximación a las propiedades psicométricas en población peruana.
Authors: Zegarra-Valdivia J. A. , Chino B. N. , Doval S. , Baron-Cohen S. , Tirapu J.
Published: May 2022

La teoría de la mente (ToM) es un proceso cognitivo central de la cognición social, con gran importancia en la investigación en neurociencia y los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos. Un método usado para evaluar la ToM avanzada en adultos es la prueba de lectura de la mente a través de la mirada (RMET), que pese a ser ampliamente conocido en Perú aún carece de medidas estandarizadas y adecuadamente validadas para su aplicación en el área clínica y no clínica. Objetivos: 1. explorar las propiedades psicométricas del test de lectura de la mente a través de la mirada en los peruanos, así como el porcentaje de precisión para cada ítem entre las diferentes versiones del RMET; 2. obtener la fiabilidad test-retest tras un año de seguimiento. Se reclutaron 288 participantes de entre 17 y 55 años, de ambos sexos. Resultados: El RMET muestra una validez y consistencia media según la prueba KR-20, Alpha de Cronbach y Omega (0.645 – 0.666). Las mujeres tienen mejor rendimiento que hombres (p <0.041*), y las puntuaciones se mantienen estables tras un año de seguimiento. Conclusiones: El RMET muestra buenas propiedades psicométricas, similares a otras versiones y países diferentes, siendo las mujeres quienes muestran mejor capacidad mentalista.