bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of composite materials based on ecological wastes
Authors: Er-rradi Hafida , Idchabani Rachida , Oubrek Mohamed , Bojji Chakib , Boukhattem Lahcen , Doublali Asmaa , Jilbab Abdelilah
Published: July 2022

Thermal insulation is a good strategy for saving energy and reducing the emission of CO2 especially when produced locally with ecological materials. The hereby document aims at evaluating the thermal and mechanical properties of eco-composite materials based on plaster and wood waste or granular cork. The proportion of used additives were respectively 20 and 30%. Two wood waste types were used as sawdust and wood chips; several granular sizes were used for granular cork. The thermal characterization consists of determining the thermal conductivity, and thermal effusivity of all samples. Flexural and compressive strength were also tested. Results show that the composite materials with 20% wood shaving, 20% granular cork size 3.35–6.7 mm, and 30% sawdust have improved thermal performance with acceptable mechanical resistances. The thermal simulation proves that using these composite materials as plasterboards in buildings can generate thermal energy gain about 38%, compared to reference building. These results indicate that the use of ecological composites based on plaster has a promising future in thermal building insulation.
Evaluating Postvention Services and the Acceptability of Models of Postvention: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abbate Laura , Chopra Jennifer , Poole Helen , Saini Pooja
Published: July 2022

Background: Suicide is a major public health issue that increases the risk of suicide for those bereaved by suicide themselves. There is a lack of evaluation of the effectiveness and acceptability of suicide postvention services supporting those bereaved by suicide. Aims: This review aimed to assess evaluations of postvention services supporting those bereaved by suicide and the acceptability of methods of postvention. Methods: Searches of peer-reviewed literature identified 36 studies for inclusion. 22 studies evaluated specific postvention services, 14 evaluated models of postvention. Results: Using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, mixed-methods and qualitative postvention evaluation and acceptability research produce high-quality studies. Studies rated as low quality reflect poor reporting, rather than ineffective services. Conclusion: Further evaluation of community-based postvention services within the UK is needed. This would evidence that services in the UK are effective in supporting those bereaved by suicide. Evaluation would benefit services in accessing funding, improve service development and provide holistic support.
Analysis of Trunk Neuromuscular Activation During Equine-Assisted Therapy in Older Adults
Authors: de Mello Edneia C. , Diniz Luanna H. , Lage Janaine B. , Ribeiro Mariane F. , Bevilacqua Junior Domingos E. , Rosa Rodrigo C. , Cardoso Fabrizio Antônio G. , Ferreira Alex A. , Ferraz Mara Lúcia F. , Teixeira Vicente de Paula A. , Espindula Ana Paula
Published: July 2022

The three-dimensional movement of the horse in physical therapy is a valuable kinesio-therapeutic phenomenon that simultaneously affects several body systems, including particularly the neuromuscular system. However, the effects of equine-assisted services (EAS) on neuromuscular activation patterns in older adults have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we evaluated the impact of a 10-weeks EAS program on trunk muscles in older adults who used a saddle and placed their feet in stirrups for the first 15 minutes and out of stirrups for the remaining 15 minutes of 30-minute EAS sessions. We gathered electromyographic (EMG) data of the trunk muscles five times each on the first, fifth, and 10th sessions: pre-EAS and post-EAS on a stationary horse and at 1-minute, 15-minutes, and 30-minutes on a horse in motion. Participants were 20 adults, aged 60–79 years. We analyzed normalized EMG data with 5 (session time) by 3 (session number) analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with repeated measures and with Bonferroni’s testing ( p ≤ .05). There was a significant difference over the number of interventions for the right thoracic paravertebral muscle ( p = .025) and session time effect for the left trapezius ( p = .042), right thoracic paravertebral ( p < .001), right and left multifidus ( p < .001), and right and left rectus abdominis muscles ( p < .001). Thus, trunk muscles in older adults showed complex neuromuscular activation synchronized with the horse’s movement, which was influenced by session time and number of interventions. The practical implication of these findings is that EAS can reduce fall risk among elderly adults of both sexes.
Recognition or Redistribution? How Mainstream Media Frames Charitable Responses to People Experiencing Poverty
Authors: Kuskoff Ella , Clarke Andrew , Perales Francisco , Parsell Cameron
Published: July 2022

Charitable responses to people experiencing poverty are often viewed as valuable community-led initiatives that address the support gaps created by a withdrawing welfare state. This perspective provides important insights into the culturally valorised nature of charity. The role of the mainstream media in cultivating and valorising charity, in contrast, remains relatively underexplored. Drawing on a framing analysis of Australian mainstream news reports published between 2014 and 2020, we analyse how the media frames charity as a response to people experiencing poverty. We demonstrate that the media frames people experiencing poverty as having a devalued identity, for which the remedy is the restoration of dignity through charity. Little attention is paid to the material inequalities that underpin people’s experiences of poverty; nor the role of the media as a body that reifies the interests of the powerful, who benefit from poverty and charitable responses to it.
Sustainability of physical work capacity two years post outpatient cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Mayr Barbara , Egger Andreas , Reich Bernhard , Droese Silke , Niebauer Josef
Published: July 2022

Objective

To determine if supervised training, after the completion of cardiac rehabilitation program, performed for a further two years would help maintain beneficial effects achieved during prolonged outpatient cardiac rehabilitation.

Design

Longitudinal parallel-grouped intervention study.

Subjects

Patients with coronary artery disease ( n  =  41, age 59.5 ± 9.3 years), who finished cardiac rehabilitation phase III in our outpatient cardiac rehabilitation facility.

Intervention

Two years of supervised exercise training consisting of endurance (either high intensity interval training or pyramid training) and resistance training sessions once a week.

Main measurement

Peak physical work capacity was assessed via an ergometry testing at the beginning and at the end of the study.

Results

Comparisons between end-of-cardiac rehabilitation and two years post cardiac rehabilitation revealed maintenance of peak physical work capacity after two years (begin vs end: 170  ±  59 W vs 167  ±  60 W; −0.5  ±  12.8%; p = 0.521). This was independent of exercise training protocols (percent change begin vs end: pyramid: 1.5 ±  11.8%; interval: −1.6  ±  13.4%; p = 0.459).

Conclusion

Improvement of physical exercise capacity gained during outpatient cardiac rehabilitation can be maintained for up to two years by once-weekly supervised exercise training. Long-term, group-based exercise programs offered at the end of cardiac rehabilitation might be an effective tool to help patients maintain their physical work capacity.
Association between the time of day at stroke onset and functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular therapy
Authors: Wang Xian , Wang Xiaoyin , Ma Jin , Jia Milan , Wu Longfei , Li Weili , Li Chuanhui , Wu Chuanjie , Ren Changhong , Chen Xin , Zhao Wenbo , Ji Xunming
Published: July 2022

To investigate the association between time-of-day of stroke onset and functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS) treated with endovascular thrombectomy(EVT). AIS patients treated with EVT between January 2013 and December 2018 were recruited and divided them into four 6-h interval groups according to the time-of-day of stroke onset. A total of 438 patients were enrolled, 3-month favorable outcome were achieved in 58.6%, 43.7%, 36.6%, and 30.5% of patients in the 00:00–06:00, 06:00–12:00, 12:00–18:00, and 18:00–24:00 groups, respectively (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40–0.93; p = 0.020). Compared with the 18:00–24:00 interval, patients in the 00:00–06:00 interval (adjusted OR 4.01, 95%CI 1.02–15.80, p = 0.047) and the 06:00–12:00 interval (adjusted OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.09–9.64, p = 0.034) were more likely to achieve favorable outcome. The time-of-day of stroke onset was not associated with 3-month mortality (adjusted p = 0.829), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH, adjusted p = 0.296), or early successful recanalization (adjusted p = 0.074). In conclusion, in AIS patients treated with EVT, those onsets either between 00:00 and 06:00 or between 06:00 and 12:00 appeared to be associated with a higher proportion of favorable outcomes at 3 months, but the time-of-day at stroke onset was not associated with the incidence of sICH, rate of early successful recanalization, or 3-month mortality.
A political ecology of speculative urbanism: The role of financial and environmental speculation in Jakarta’s water crisis
Authors: Colven Emma
Published: July 2022

Jakarta, Indonesia’s capital, is increasingly characterized by luxury real estate developments and high-profile infrastructural projects made possible by economic liberalization and finance capital. Yet these developments have contributed to Jakarta’s struggles with chronic flooding, land subsidence, and water shortages. This paper contributes an empirical study of the spatial-temporal dynamics of speculative urbanism and the associated impacts on water resources and flood events in Jakarta. I use an urban political ecology approach to analyze mainland and offshore development. First, I show how financial speculation generates flood risk and the overexploitation of water resources, producing uneven socio-spatial distributions of risk. These transformations in Jakarta’s hydroscape in turn threaten to undermine the city’s viability as a site for speculative investment. I thus show how speculative urbanism can be threatened or disrupted by nonhuman agencies. Second, I illustrate a second form of speculation, which I refer to as environmental speculation. As Jakarta’s water crisis has cast doubt on the future of the city itself as a place of habitation, the state explored an ambitious and potentially lucrative coastal defense project, while private developers have engaged in land reclamation. The turn toward offshore development illustrates how environmental speculation creates new opportunities for capital accumulation. I advance two arguments: first, in order to capture the full costs of speculative urbanism, it is imperative that urban scholars attend to its ecological dimensions. Second, an urban political ecology approach advances our understandings of speculative urbanism by illuminating its contradictions and limits.
FIGNL1 is a potential biomarker of cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Meng Chenxu , Yang Yang , Ren Pengfei , Ju Qian , Jin Xiangting , Long Qihe , Chen Xiangyu , Wang Xian , Li Fanfan
Published: July 2022

Background

Fidgetin-like 1 (FIGNL1) participates in tumor resistance by playing the function of homologous recombination repair(HRR). However, the role of FIGNL1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. This study aims to understand the expression of FIGNL1 in NSCLC and preliminarily explore its relationship with cisplatin resistance.

Methods

FIGNL1 messenger RNA (mRNA) was analyzed in 1018 NSCLC tissues and 111 adjacent tissues using The Cancer Genome Atlas program. FIGNL1mRNA in cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive cell lines was analyzed by the Gene Expression Omnibus project. FIGNL1 protein was detected in 58 NSCLC tissues and 58 adjacent tissues by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between FIGNL1, clinical pathological characteristics and disease-free survival was retrospectively analyzed. Gene ontology was used to analyze the biological process mainly involving FIGNL1, and STRING online constructed its protein interaction network and screened the key genes (hub genes).

Results

The Cancer Genome Atlas showed that FIGNL1mRNA was higher in 1018 NSCLC tissues than in 111 adjacent tissues ( P < 0.05). In the dataset “GSE157692,” FIGNL1mRNA was higher in cisplatin-resistant cell lines ( P = 3.80e-05). The hub genes in FIGNL1 and HRR directions are RAD51 and CCDC36. Immunohistochemistry showed that the FIGNL1 protein in 58 NSCLC tissues was higher than that in 58 adjacent tissues ( P < 0.01). FIGNL1 is associated with gender, histopathological type, and nerve invasion in NSCLC. The disease-free survival in NSCLC patients with high FIGNL1 expression was shorter ( P = 0.032).

Conclusion

FIGNL1 is associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC, and cisplatin resistance may be involved. These observations provide a clinical basis for exploring FIGNL1 as a potential biomarker for cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.
Contentious Tactics as Jazz Performances: A Pragmatist Approach to the Study of Repertoire Change
Authors: Gold Tomás
Published: July 2022

The metaphor of “repertoire” is increasingly used in the study of contention to convey the fact that people act collectively through a limited set of cultural routines. Yet despite its broad adoption, the term is loosely defined and rarely subject to empirical verification. This has led to unfruitful scholarly disputes, with most perspectives assuming that change in repertoires is independent from how actors perform them. Drawing a parallel between the dynamics of repertoire performance and jazz improvisation, I propose a pragmatist definition of repertoires, understood as relational sets of collective practices that become routinized as habit-sets and become a baseline for innovation when actors face puzzling situations. I then provide a theoretical model for analyzing change in contentious repertoires, which relies on the study of the co-constitutive relation between tactical affordances, actors’ strategies and identities, and contexts. I illustrate this model with three secondary cases of unexpected tactical innovation.
Understanding Public Views of Wrongful Conviction Frequency and Government Responsibility for Compensation: Results From a National Sample
Authors: Nowotny Jordan , Shlosberg Amy , McAndrew Thomas
Published: July 2022

Wrongful convictions are an indicator of the flaws of the American justice system and represent the consequences of disproportionate crime control policies. To date, few scholars have documented how the public views wrongful conviction frequency or who is responsible for these miscarriages of justice. In this study, we draw on a national sample to examine public perceptions of the prevalence of wrongful convictions and the degree to which the public believes the government is responsible for compensation after a wrongful conviction. Our results demonstrate that most Americans believe felony wrongful convictions happen at least occasionally and that the government should provide compensation to exonerees. These findings are not consistent across groups. Race, political affiliation, gender, and age are significantly related to differences in views of wrongful conviction frequency. Likewise, age and political affiliation are significantly related to differences in support of government compensation. Limitations and future directions are also discussed.
A real-time corner smoothing and interpolation algorithm for short line segments to realize continuous motion of tool axis jerk
Authors: Zhang Liqiang , Xie Jian , Yan Yecui , Liu Gang
Published: July 2022

Aiming at the problem of acceleration and jerk fluctuation caused by the discontinuity at the corner of the tool path in the continuous short-line machining process, a real-time corner smoothing and interpolation algorithm for realizing the continuous motion of the tool axis jerk is proposed. In the corner smoothing process, the C3 continuity of tool path is realized by constructing a symmetrical PH transition curve satisfying the maximum approximation error constraint between adjacent short lines. In the interpolation process, based on the flexible acceleration and deceleration control method, the feed rate, chord error, acceleration, and jerk constraints are considered. For the smooth C3 continuous path, the acceleration and deceleration profile with jerk-continuous is used for velocity planning and interpolation, and the continuous motion of the tool axis jerk is realized. In this paper, the proposed method is compared and analyzed with the C2 continuous algorithm and the traditional point-to-point interpolation algorithm through simulation and experiment for the same tool path. The results show that the jerk fluctuation of the proposed algorithm is reduced by 60.36% on average compared with the C2 continuous algorithm, and the processing time is reduced by 19.5% compared with the point-to-point interpolation algorithm. It proves that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool and improve the processing efficiency.
Radon descriptor-based machine learning using CT images to predict the fat tissue on left atrium in the heart
Authors: Deepa Deepa , Singh Yashbir , Hu Weichih , Wang Ming Chen
Published: July 2022

Heart disease has a higher fatality rate than any other disease. Increased Atrial fat on the left atrium has been discovered to cause Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in most patients. AF can put one’s life at risk and eventually lead to death. AF might worsen over time; therefore, it is crucial to have an early diagnosis and treatment. To evaluate the left atrium fat tissue pattern using Radon descriptor-based machine learning. This study developed a bridge between the Radon transform framework and machine learning to distinguish two distinct patterns. Motivated by a Radon descriptor-based machine learning approach, the patches of eight patients from CT images of the heart were used and categorized into “epicardial fat tissue” and “nonfat tissue” groups. The 10 feature vectors are extracted from each big patch using Radon descriptors and then fed into a traditional machine learning model. The results show that the proposed methodology discriminates between fat tissues and nonfat tissues clearly. KNN has shown the best performance with 96.77% specificity, 98.28% sensitivity, and 97.50% accuracy. To our knowledge, this study is the first attempt to provide a Radon transform-based machine learning method to distinguish between fat tissue and nonfat tissue on the left atrium. Our proposed research method could be potentially used in advanced interventions.
The Double-Edged Sword of Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Configurational Perspective on Failure in Newly Public Firms
Authors: Kindermann Bastian , Schmidt Corinna Vera Hedwig , Pulm Jeldrik , Strese Steffen
Published: July 2022

This study draws on the notion of entrepreneurial orientation-as-experimentation to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm failure. For the context of newly public firms after their initial public offering, we hypothesize that EO reduces firm failure particularly in specific configurations of EO, working capital efficiency, and technological turbulence. In a sample of 2578 firms that went public between 1997 and 2018, we find support for this configurational perspective. We contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by showing that the relationship between EO and firm failure needs to be understood in the context of organizational and environmental factors.
Factors that Contribute to Bereaved Parents’ Perceptions of Neonatal Palliative Care: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Hamel Marie Nicole , Beltran Susanny J.
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Neonatal palliative care (NPC) is an emerging subset of care in United States (US) neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that provides relief for both infants and families at the end of life for infants with terminal diagnoses. Families play a integral role in the decision-making process for their infant, but their experiences with and perceptions of the support and care provided to them via NPC is unclear to health professionals. This literature review summarizes the state of knowledge on parents’ perspectives of NPC while focusing on the specific factors that influence their experiences and satisfaction with NPC.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Articles published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2010 and January 2021 that investigated parents’ perceptions of neonatal palliative care either as their central topic or as a sub-topic as part of a larger focus.

Results

A total of 16 articles (N = 16) were included in this review. Three overarching themes encompass the findings of the literature review: parent-clinician interactions, parent-infant interactions, and parent-self interactions. Within these themes, topics such as consistent and clear communication, involvement in care decisions, and social and psychological support were explored.

Conclusion

Clinicians must focus on these important quality indicators to ensure they provide the best care possible to the patients and families that they serve. Further research must be done to investigate parent satisfaction and needs in relation to NPC more deeply and to develop more supportive interventions and protocols.
The medication adherence among glaucoma patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Croatia
Authors: Lešin Gaćina Dina , Jandroković Sonja , Vidas Pauk Sania , Škegro Ivan , Bošković Jelena , Tomić Martina , Pupić-Bakrač Ana , Vlašić Domagoj
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the level of treatment adherence and identify predictors of adherence in glaucoma patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Zagreb, Croatia.

Methods

The cross-sectional study was conducted among primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, between 1st April 2020 and 1st April 2021. The sociodemographic data, clinical, and drug information were recorded. The treatment adherence was assessed through a self-administered questionnaire, the Culig Adherence Scale (CAS). Statistical analyses were performed using TIBCO Statistica™ 14.0.0.

Results

113 POAG patients (48M/65F) with a mean age of 65.89 ± 8.53 years were included in this study. According to the CAS, only 39.8% of patients adhered to topical glaucoma treatment. Educational level was positively related to adherence to treatment (p = 0.022). The main predictors for adherence were the patients' positive attitude towards the drug's effect, family support, and good relationship with the healthcare providers (p < 0.05, respectively). The majority of patients stated forgetfulness as the main reason for skipping drug dosing.

Conclusions

Non-adherence to treatment was prevalent among patients with POAG during the COVID-19 pandemic in Zagreb, Croatia. Personal beliefs and attitudes towards treatment, family support, and patient-healthcare provider relationship were significant predictors of adherence. Special consideration should be given to the whole health system-level strategies targeting the adherence to treatment, especially in crises, in order to achieve positive therapeutic outcomes. The study protocol was registered in the DRKS - German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS-ID: DRKS00022081.
Censorship Through Explanation: The Corrective Agency of Visibility in Panoramic Perspective and the Panopticon Prison Plan
Authors: Tipene Luke
Published: July 2022

This essay argues that historical parallels exist between Australian colonial image production and early-19th-century prison design in England. It compares similarities in the compositional arrangement of a panoramic perspective from the Van Diemen’s Land colonial frontier in 1835, by minor artist John Richardson Glover, and Jeremy Bentham’s 1791 plan for the Panopticon prison. Richardson Glover’s predilection for censoring the unknown environment in his drawings with rational explanations is associated with the cultivation of spectatorship since 1793 in the popular visual media of the Panorama Rotunda at Leicester Square. The influence of spectatorship is argued to parallel the instrumentality of inspection in the Panopticon plan and together reflect a social rationale that equated biblical references to universal rationalism and anoints visibility as a secular, Enlightenment mode of moral reformation. Spectatorship and inspection in panoramic perspective and the Panopticon plan are shown to operate as corrective forces to govern British imperial interests at home and abroad.
The negative secondary transfer effect: Comparing proposed mediation theories
Authors: Henschel Nils T. , Derksen Christina
Published: July 2022

The secondary transfer effect proposes that contact with an outgroup impacts attitudes towards another, secondary outgroup. For positive contact, three pathways have been identified for the effect: attitude generalization, multiculturalism, and ingroup reappraisal (deprovincialization hypothesis, operationalized here as national pride). Research on negative secondary transfer effects is still scarce. Using data from a German nationally representative survey, we investigated negative secondary transfer effects from foreigners to refugees. The three pathways were compared while considering positive and refugee contact. Negative and positive secondary transfer effects both occurred (partially) mediated via attitude generalization and multiculturalism but not via national pride. We conclude there might be a risk of generalizing prejudice from unrelated negative experiences via these two mechanisms. Research on forced migration and intergroup contact should further explore them with the ultimate goal of preventing negative secondary transfer effects. Longitudinal or experimental research is needed to address causality, ideally involving various outgroups.
Disturbing hierarchies. Sexual harassment and the politics of intimacy in fieldwork
Authors: Harries Bethan
Published: July 2022

This paper examines how sexual harassment is often mediated through the making of imagined complicities that are constructed to imply that an alliance/compliance underpins the relationship and ‘justifies’ the harassment. It is concerned with how the making and doing of intimacies engages with broader hierarchical structures of power, including structures of inequality. Fieldwork is viewed as a site in which the politics of intimacy exposes normative expectations and structures of inequality. Specifically, the discussion exposes how processes of Othering are mobilised by participants as a means to cultivate imagined complicities but expose discrimination. The paper calls for a reappraisal of the focus placed on building rapport and/or a sense of familiarity in qualitative research to take account of multiple forms of intimacies and risks they can entail. This is increasingly prescient in light of the renewed emphasis on participatory methods and co-production which entail closer working relationships.
Servant leadership and employee wellbeing: A crosscultural investigation of the moderated path model in Canada, Pakistan, China, the US, and Brazil
Authors: Wang Zheni , Panaccio Alexandra , Raja Usman , Donia Magda , Landry Guylaine , Pereira Michelle Morelo , Ferreira Maria Cristina
Published: July 2022

Drawing on samples from Canada, Pakistan, China, the US, and Brazil comprising over 800 employees, we examined whether servant leaders (SL) - characterized as putting the needs of others above their own - promote employees’ well-being via autonomous motivation, accounting for employees’ power distance and collectivism values as moderating variables. Autonomous motivation, a type of self-regulation, sustains one’s well-being. Personal values facilitate one’s work behaviors cross-culturally. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results confirmed matrix invariance of all the measures. The path and moderation analyses result using multilevel structural equation modeling (SEM) supported the positive direct and indirect paths among SL, autonomous motivation, and psychological well-being across the five cultures; Collectivistic value negatively moderated the relationship between servant leadership and autonomous motivation across the Chinese and US samples. In addition, with only a limited number of items, measurements of SL and vitality achieved scalar invariance. ANOVA test results also confirmed the significant comparative differences in these two variables among the cultural groups. Findings in this research provided robust and empirical support for the motivational effects of the servant leadership theory across the globe. Theoretical and practical implications for evidence-based cross-cultural management practices and future directions for leadership training in diverse cultural contexts are discussed.
Pitting corrosion prediction based on electromechanical impedance and convolutional neural networks
Authors: Luo Wei , Liu Tiejun , Li Weijie , Luo Mingzhang
Published: July 2022

Corrosion induced thickness loss in metallic structures is a common and crucial problem in multiple industries. Therefore, it is important to accurately monitor the corrosion amount of the structure. Traditional corrosion monitoring methods are mainly based on electrochemical methods, and most of them are unable to quantify the corrosion amount. In our previous work, a new type of corrosion sensing mechanism based on the electromechanical impedance instrumented circular piezoelectric-metal transducer was proposed, in which the peak frequencies in the conductance signatures decrease linearly with the increase of the corrosion induced thickness loss. However, only the uniform corrosion with even metal thickness decrease was considered in the previous study. In this paper, the capability of the proposed sensing mechanism for the quantification and prediction of pitting corrosion was investigated using one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D CNN). Finite element modeling of the pitting corrosion was performed and the probability distribution of the corrosion pits was considered. In the experimental setup, corrosion pits were generated on the corrosion sensor using mechanical drilling. The 1D CNN was adopted to explore the regression relationship between the EMI signatures of the sensor and the mass loss induced by pitting corrosion. The results show that the proposed method has achieved high accuracy in the quantitative prediction of pitting corrosion. This paper lays the technical foundation for real-time and quantitative monitoring of pitting corrosion for metallic structures.
Research note: Variation of the effect of ambient light level on crime frequency with type of crime and location
Authors: Fotios S , Robbins CJ , Farrall S
Published: July 2022

Previous studies have suggested mixed results about the effect of road lighting on crime. One potential explanation is that the effect of lighting, if any, varies with the type of crime. This was tested through analysis of the effect of change in ambient light level on crimes recorded in 11 cities in the USA for the 10-year period 2010–2019. The results suggest that ambient light level had a consistent effect on robbery, with darkness leading to an increase in robbery, but did not suggest a significant effect for other types of crime.
Volk and Family: National Socialist Legacies and Gender Concepts in the Rhetoric of the Alternative for Germany
Authors: Heinemann Isabel
Published: July 2022

The article analyses how the Alternative for Germany (AfD) conflated images of the traditional family with the nation and a racially-defined notion of ‘ Volk’, consciously repackaging terms from the 1930s for current political use. Taking a comparative and historical perspective, the article situates the family rhetoric and policies of the AfD in the historical debates on family, reproduction, and women that characterized Germany from the post-war period to the early 21st century. Exploring how the AfD sought to portray and regulate women's roles and reproductive decision-making, the article argues that the party sought to produce an authentic take on family and gender politics, the racism of which went practically unchallenged. It presents four analytical dimensions to grasp the specific biologist family-centrism and anti-gender approach of the AfD in comparison to National Socialism family rhetoric and policies. Sources come from official party platforms, less formal speeches and social media content of party representatives, newspaper coverage and reports by the German Intelligence Service, Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz .
Gender and Far-right Nationalism: Historical and International Dimensions. Introduction
Authors: Heinemann Isabel , Stern Alexandra Minna
Published: July 2022

This special issue explores the entangled history of contemporary far-right nationalism and gender. Seven case studies apply a distinct historical perspective and analyse gender as a meta-language for xenophobia, racism, and anti-Semitism since the 19th century, while solidifying patriarchy as a foundation of the contemporary as well as historical far right. Topics include family motifs in the propaganda of Alternative for Germany that draws on rhetoric and images used by the National Socialist Regime, the salience of ‘Mother India’ to Hindu Nationalism since the middle of the 20th century, the anti-Semitic subtext of anti-gender discourse in contemporary Poland that seeks to undo any attempts to integrate ‘liberal’ gender norms into official Catholicism since the 1960s, the amalgamation of anti-Semitism and homophobia in the American far-right since the 1970s, the historical roots of identitarian gender concepts in Austria, a historical take on the relationship between ‘metapolitics’ and gender, and an intellectual history of how today's neo-fascism engages in perpetual historical reflexivity. The special issue – while attentive to the transnational and transatlantic dimensions of the contemporary far-right – is both integrative and organized in distinct case studies. Methods used are archival research and analysis, critical review of discursive and political strategies, media content analysis, and mapping of national and transnational networks. Several authors underscore the crucial role of social media platforms and memes in the making and messaging of contemporary far-right nationalism, others rely on more ‘traditional’ media such as journal articles, political speeches and texts. Taken together, the papers in this volume highlight several overlapping themes relevant to the historical study of far-right nationalism and gender and its contemporary transformations: (1) essentialism, (2) racism, and (3) and memes and discourses.
Metabolic syndrome at baseline was not predictive to new-onset cardiovascular diseases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A prospective observational registry
Authors: Kim Seong-Kyu , Choe Jung-Yoon
Published: July 2022

Objective: It has been established that metabolic syndrome is prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of metabolic syndrome at baseline on new-onset cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with SLE. Methods: The demographic and lupus-related clinical variables of 229 patients with SLE were collected from the Korean Lupus Network (KORNET) registry. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to identify clinical variables including metabolic syndrome related to pre-existing CVD at the time of enrollment or new-onset CVD during 3 years of follow-up.

Results: Patients with pre-existing CVD at baseline had higher rates of metabolic syndrome than those without CVD in SLE ( p = .022), whereas there was no difference in the frequency of metabolic syndrome between patients with and without new-onset CVD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that metabolic syndrome and the number of its components were associated with pre-existing CVD, together with body mass index and hypertriglyceridemia. Metabolic syndrome at baseline and its components were not related with increased risk of new-onset CVD. On the contrary, anti-dsDNA antibody titer, anti-ds DNA positivity, and lower diastolic blood pressure increased the risk of new-onset CVD. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that metabolic syndrome at baseline was not predictive to new-onset CVD at 3 years of follow-up, although it was associated with pre-existing CVD in SLE.
Relationship of restless legs syndrome with number of pregnancies, duration of pregnancy and positive family history
Authors: Jurjević Lucija Čondić , Telarović Srđana
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the correlation between gestational age and number of previous pregnancies in group of pregnant women with restless legs syndrome and the connection of restless legs syndrome with family history positive versus family history negative group of pregnant and non-pregnant women.

Methods:

Four hundred and sixty-two women were involved in this study: 231 pregnant women and the same number of non-pregnant women of compatible age as a control group. We defined restless legs syndrome as presence of International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. During the face-to-face interview with the researcher, respondents answered questions about duration of pregnancy, number of previous pregnancies and family history of restless legs syndrome.

Results:

Before the 16th week of pregnancy, restless legs syndrome appeared in 7.1% of pregnant women and after 16 weeks of pregnancy in 22.6% of them (t = 2.07, p = 0.039). Restless legs syndrome appeared in 11.4% of pregnant women without restless legs syndrome in the family and in 74.2% of pregnant women who did have restless legs syndrome in the family (t = 7.67, p < 0.001). It was also found that among non-pregnant women with a family history of restless legs syndrome, 42.9% had restless legs syndrome, and among those without a family history of restless legs syndrome, only 4.9% had restless legs syndrome (t = 3.49, p = 0.001). No statistically significant correlation between restless legs syndrome and number of previous pregnancies in pregnant women has been found.

Conclusion:

Our study confirmed a higher frequency of restless legs syndrome in women pregnant for 17 or more weeks and in both pregnant and non-pregnant women with a positive family history of this syndrome. We have not proven a connection between restless legs syndrome and multiparity.
Critical Appraisal and Masculine Authority: The Boys Clubs’ Derogatory Method of Reading Canadian Feminist Speculative Fiction
Authors: Drapeau-Bisson Marie-Lise
Published: July 2022

Culture scholars have shown that cultural intermediaries play a crucial role in the reproduction of inequalities in consecration (Corse and Westervelt, 2002; Maguire Smith and Matthews, 2012; Miller, 2014; Ridgeway, 2011; Steinberg, 1990 cited in Bourdieu, 2010). However, the analysis of gender inequalities in reception and canonization has focused on individual bias, neglecting the contribution of scholars of hegemonic masculinity about the importance of patterned practices in the reproduction of men’s dominance over women (Connell and Messerschmidt, 2005). Given that art worlds are not settings where typical markers of hegemonic masculinity are valued, such as money and physical prowess, what are the tools of hegemonic masculinity in art worlds? I answer this question through a comparative analysis of the reception of two iconic Canadian feminist novels: L’Euguélionne (2012 [1976]) by Louky Bersianik and The Handmaid’s Tale (1985) by Margaret Atwood. Building on feminist scholarship, I find that the discursive apparatus of hegemonic masculinity in art worlds consists of a derogatory method of reading employed by critics in newspapers. This method of reading is founded on three discursive components: (i) a reductive reading of feminist politics; (ii) a man-centred assessment of feminism and (iii) a questioning of women’s creative credibility which belittles the contribution of feminist authors. By translating the concept of boys’ club (Delvaux, 2019) and identifying its derogatory method of reading, I propose a framework that illuminates how critical appraisal shapes discursive resources available for both professional and non-professional readers to draw upon for evaluation and classification of women’s cultural productions and feminist engagements.
Affective future and non-existent history: The issue of future past in memory research
Authors: Tabaszewska Justyna
Published: July 2022

This article explores one of the possible approaches to the question of future in memory research. It aims to show that both the currently anticipated future as well as future past and the affective facts construed on its basis (B. Massumi) are a part of collective memory. Polish memory of the Second World War is the main analytical focus in the article and it is considered as a particularly clear example of the influence held by that which did not occur, but merely might have, over contemporary politics of memory. It is argued that the analysis of the visions of the future, which are expressed, for example, in alternative histories, can be beneficial for research on the functioning of at least some European politics of memory, and in particular for those focused on contemporary Polish memory, which is entangled in the need for a constant rewriting and restructuring of the memory of the past.
Power Struggles in a Small Town Community: The Intersection of Rural Environmental Protest, Politics, and Hyperlocal News Media
Authors: Freeman Julie , Hutchins Brett
Published: July 2022

This article presents an in-depth case study of large-scale conflict in a small town, and reveals the complex ways that community groups and activism, hyperlocal news media, and political power intersect through rural environmental disputes. An important but under-recognized feature of such conflicts is the unique role performed by notions of rurality in the construction of environmental protests, discourses, and decisions; that is, the ways in which rural communities’ conservation efforts can be unfairly characterized as “backwards” and “anti-development”. Through a series of interviews and focus groups with protestors and residents, our case study examines a controversial boat ramp development that had a marked environmental impact on the isolated coastal town of Mallacoota (population 1,000) in the state of Victoria, Australia. We show that the environmental activism of protesters lifted the issue's visibility to the level of regional, state, and national news and politics. But the community consultation processes that occurred in response to protests raise significant concerns about government decision making that fails to acknowledge and negotiate the diverse understandings of place and rurality that exist within a community. The outcomes of struggles for power in this small town are lamentable and lasting, damaging the hyperlocal news environment and undermining the community newspaper's reputation among citizens.
Levels of leachable elements from long-term use of enFlow fluid warmer
Authors: Bayoro Danielle , Groepenhoff Herman , Pedro Michael , Rose Edward A , Waldmann Andreas D
Published: July 2022

Objective:

In the delivery of intravenous fluids, in-line warming devices frequently transfer heat using a metal heating plate, which if uncoated can risk elution. This bench study examined extractable elements detected following long-term use of the parylene-coated enFlow® Disposable IV/Blood Warmer.

Methods:

We tested 16 clinically relevant challenge fluids typical of the surgical setting, including commercially available single donor blood and blood products as well as intravenous saline and electrolyte solutions. After 72 h of warming at 40°C (104°F) via the enFlow, analytical chemistry identified and quantified the most clinically significant extractable elements (arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, and lead) to estimate chemical exposure. We also measured the extracted concentrations of these five elements following simulated use of the device with three solutions (Sterofundin ISO, Plasma-Lyte 148, and whole blood) that were pumped through the warmed device at two different flow rates (0.2 and 5.5 mL min−1).

Results:

Across all scenarios of acute and long-term exposures for different populations, the enFlow demonstrated low toxicological risks as measured by the calculation of tolerable exposure for extracted arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, and lead.

Conclusion:

The results suggest biological safety for the use of parylene-coated enFlow with a variety of intravenous solutions and in different therapeutic scenarios.
Detection of the most influential variables for preventing postpartum urinary incontinence using machine learning techniques
Authors: Benítez-Andrades José Alberto , García-Ordás María Teresa , Álvarez-González María , Leirós-Rodríguez Raquel , López Rodríguez Ana F
Published: July 2022

Background

Postpartum urinary incontinence is a fairly widespread health problem in today’s society among women who have given birth. Recent studies analysing the different variables that may be related to Postpartum urinary incontinence have brought to light some variables that may be related to Postpartum urinary incontinence in order to try to prevent it. However, no studies have been found that analyse some of the intrinsic and extrinsic variables of patients during pregnancy that could give rise to this pathology.

Objective

The objective of this study is to assess the most influential variables in Postpartum urinary incontinence by means of machine learning techniques, starting from a group of intrinsic variables, another group of extrinsic variables and a mixed group that combines both types.

Methods

Information was collected on 93 patients, pregnant women who gave birth. Experiments were conducted using different machine learning classification techniques combined with oversampling techniques to predict four variables: urinary incontinence, urinary incontinence frequency, urinary incontinence intensity and stress urinary incontinence.

Results

The results showed that the most accurate predictive models were those trained with extrinsic variables, obtaining accuracy values of 70% for urinary incontinence, 77% for urinary incontinence frequency, 71% for urinary incontinence intensity and 93% for stress urinary incontinence.

Conclusions

This research has shown that extrinsic variables are more important than intrinsic variables in predicting problems related to postpartum urinary incontinence. Therefore, although not conclusive, it opens a line of research that could confirm that the prevention of Postpartum urinary incontinence could be achieved by following healthy habits in pregnant women.