bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Piston middle position test, Variable Stator Vane Actuator of engine CFM56-3 /-5 /-7
Authors: Pavlović Milovan , Mladenović Miodrag
Published: November 2022

Compressor is surely the most complex part of engine, and during projecting of engine, ensure safe operation of the compressor is very difficult job. In support of this is the fact that the most of accessories (sensors and actuators) are in connection with compressor, but two most important systems are VBV and VSV systems. In this work, we will observe VSV system, respectively VSV Actuator. Our research have a quest to decrees some remarked problems which occur during work on VSV Actuator, and of course we will offer a solution for remarked problem in term of adding another one point in test. Also, our suggestion is creating incoming inspection, pre-test inspection with the points to be listed in below.
Digital battery capacity meter with battery charger
Authors: Đaletić Miloš , Ratković-Kovačević Nada
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a digital battery capacity meter with an integrated battery charger is developed and built. Also, the software used to control and monitor the microcontroller of the device from the PC has been developed, so that the data obtained from measurement can be processed and compared further using one of the available spreadsheet software packages. Due to the widespread use of electrochemical energy sources, whether primary ones or of the battery type, it is extremely important to know and measure their actual capacity. Primary cell capacity measurement helps in selecting the most appropriate solution (with respect to the cost/ capacity ratio) for powering portable or mobile devices. By measuring the capacity of the used battery, its condition and capability of further exploitation can be determined. Measuring capacity can provide verification of the data in the manufacturer's specifications, for example, in order to compare measurements and confirm statements in technical documentation.
Analysis of pollutant emissions of a lorry for different EURO standards and operating conditions
Authors: Stokić Marko , Đorić Vladimir , Momčilović Vladimir , Dimitrijević Branka
Published: November 2022

Environmental pollution is becoming an increasingly important problem that needs to be solved, and road vehicles contribution in that pollution is significant. In that sense, in this paper, a brief overview of models used to determine pollutant emissions is given, and then the environmental pollution of an actual lorry with a maximum permissible mass of up to 7.5 t is specifically considered. While determining pollutant emissions different Euro standards, average vehicle speeds, payload utilizations and longitudinal road slopes were taken into account. Emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) were observed in detail in this paper.
In the remembrance of professor Vukan Dešić: The development of scientific organization and his contribution
Authors: Vešović Vujadin
Published: November 2022

Paper presents reminiscence for Prof. Dešić from his short biography, his contribution to organizational science and management of enterprises to, up to his contribution to the creation and development of institutions and his students in this field, shown through the memories of his doctoral student Prof. Dr. Vujadin Vešović. Prof. Dešić formed well-known principles of scientific organization such as the principles of records, analysis, synthesis and control, relying on and adapting the approaches of Fayol, Taylor and Weber. He made a symbiosis of these principles and places them in the context of valid political soundings. In the later works of Prof. Dešić leans more towards Fayol, approaches. In this way, through more than 15 published books and more than 60 studies and articles successfully applied in practice, he lays the foundations of organizational science. This is particularly highlighted through the concept of Complex Analytical Methods for evaluating the level of organization in companies, through the design of organizational models, management of changes, crisis and knowledge. As a lecturer, he particularly distinguished himself by imparting his knowledge to the students of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Belgrade, as well as to students of other faculties and higher schools. He was a consultant in the biggest companies of that time, Energoinvest, Zastava, Fourteenth October, Elektronska industrija Niš, Velenje and many others. The paper describes in detail the collaboration Prof. Dešić and his doctorial student Prof. Vešović.
Sustainability challenge on pollution and air quality inside heavy-duty vehicle cabins
Authors: Dimić-Misić Katarina , Brkić Aleksandar , Imani Monir , Barcelo Ernest , Gane Patrick
Published: November 2022

Air quality in transportation vehicle cabins is becoming a major concern due to increasing exposure of drivers to harmful gases and aerosol, especially if having in mind that that safety and pollution are positively correlated and adverse events. In order to reduce exposure to air pollution, there is ongoing development of air filters in modern heavy-duty vehicles and increase in protective regulations throughout the world. The aim of this study is to gain insight into extent of pollutants in heavy-duty vehicle cabins, in which drivers spend a large amount of their working (and spare) time, and the necessity for use of air filtration systems. Both experimental results and modelling approach applied in this manuscript reveal the importance of filtration of cabin air, and indicate good correlation between experimental and mathematical results from field measurements conducted in a highly polluted city. Namely, this paper reveals excellent results with the HECA filter which have potential to significantly reduce pollution in the cabin.
Basic ISO standards related to the quality and safety/security in health care institutions
Authors: Pendić Zoran , Pendić-Polak Sanja , Milijić Ana , Jakovljević Bojana , Marković Željko , Reljić-Ćurić Vesna , Ivošević Sanja
Published: November 2022

Health systems are under significant pressure in many countries. Every day, with the introduction of new methods/techniques, expensive equipment of high technological value, the latest very expensive drugs... the price of health care is growing much faster than the growth of the national product and the most developed countries, despite the fact that in many countries the percentage of health expenditures in the national product is growing. Funding constraints in health systems are evident even in wealthy countries. The cost of health care is significantly influenced by: the increase in the number of the population, changes in the age structure of the population, constant demands for increasing the level of quality of health services, as well as an increase in the demand for new services. The application of international management standards in healthcare institutions and in state institutions in charge of healthcare can significantly alleviate evident problems in healthcare.
Military strategy
Authors: Lisse Stanislav
Published: November 2022

This is the second paper in a set of five papers devoted to business strategy. This paper deals with military strategy as an origin for all kinds of business strategy. For a correct understanding of the complex concept of strategy, one should start from the question: "Why? why do I need a strategy at all?" Strategy arose from the need of people to defeat their enemies, and for centuries the ideas of what to do and how to win have been tested and confirmed through the practice of warfare. War is one of the most complex human endeavors in which all the available resources of the state and society are involved, and the strategy tells us where and which resources we will use to achieve the goal. Therefore, knowing military strategy is the first step towards business strategy.
The incidence of adverse reactions among voluntary whole Blood donors in Vojvodina: A five year cross-sectional study
Authors: Bežanović Milomir , Gulan Zdravko , Budakov-Obradović Zorana , Grujić Jasmina
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Blood donors (BDs), in most cases, tolerate the whole blood donation procedure well. However, occasionally adverse reactions (ARs) may occur. ARs often have a negative impact on donors return. Therefore, the staff of transfusion institutions must be educated and properly trained to recognize and take care of BDs who experience ARs before, during or after the procedure. The incidence of ARs is about 1,4%. Aim: To determine the frequency and severity of ARs that occurred among BDs on the territory of Vojvodina, analyze the age and profile of donors in whom they were recognized, indicate possible prevention of ARs. Material and methods: In a retrospective study, the records of ARs among whole BDs at the Blood Transfusion Institute Vojvodina, from January 1 2017, until December 31, 2021 were analyzed. Demographic data of the donors were obtained from the Institute's information system. The data were analyzed according to the time and manner of occurrence and the severity of ARs. Results: During the study period there were 194 425 blood donations. The ARs were identified in 2722 (1,4%) donations. The incidence was 14 in every 1000 donations. BDs who suffered ARs were 28,0 ± 8,3 years old, 1881 (69,1%) were male, 841 (30,9%) were female, while 1908 (70,1%) donated blood for the first time. In 2396 (88,03%) BDs vasovagal reaction occurred, 737 (27,08%) experienced nausea, 363 (13,33%) suffered syncope, 221 (8,13%) developed hyperventilation, 64 (2,34%) gained hematoma. Severe ARs in the form of collapse with convulsions were experienced by 12 (0.44%) donors. In multiple BDs, ARs were significantly less frequent (p<0,05). Conclusion: Although the number of donors with ARs in institution is low, it is necessary to monitor them, react promptly in case of their occurrence and minimize the risks of occurrence, primarily through education and preparation of donors for the whole blood donation procedure.
A new approach to the consideration of hypertension in chronic kidney disease through the prism of the last KDIGO guide 2021
Authors: Tirmenštajn-Janković Biserka , Bastać Dušan
Published: November 2022

Hypertension associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related with a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. Control of hypertension is important primarily because it reduces the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in patients with CKD. The new KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) guideline for the management of blood pressure in CKD were published in 2021 and represented an updated version of the original guideline from 2012. This guideline covers all topics contained in the original instructions, such as optimal blood pressure targets, lifestyle interventions, choice of antihypertensive drugs, and specific management in kidney transplant recipients and children. Some aspects of general and cardiovascular health, such as lipid control and smoking, are excluded. In addition, this guideline introduces a chapter dedicated to proper blood pressure measurement as all large randomized trials from which the evidence and recommendations of this guide emerged used standardized preparation and measurement protocols adhered to by patients and clinicians. The key recommendation of the KDIGO guideline refers to target systolic blood pressure under120 mmHg in most adults with CKD, provided that the standardized office blood pressure measurement is used. Despite recommendations for lowering target blood pressure, general lack of evidence, especially in patients with diabetes and advanced CKD, still suggests the need to individualize targets according to the characteristics, tolerances, and preferences of each patient. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to examine the effects of blood pressure targets on major adverse events and mortality in patients with CKD, especially in subpopulations that were not adequately represented in previous studies.
The development of the modern Chinese concept of conventional deterrence
Authors: Pejić Igor
Published: November 2022

Deterrence strategy has always been an interesting topic for many international relations scholars. The concept was the hallmark of the USSoviet politics during the Cold War and rightly became an important aspect of other countries' politics, as well. The Chinese idea of deterrence is somewhat unique compared to the "standard" model of deterrence, which is often seen in the Western literature. In the Chinese case deterring the enemy from attacking you is a part of the strategy, while the other part can be focused on accomplishing political goals using coercive approaches. In other words, deterrence can be used as an offensive-active strategy, in Schelling terms, that strives for compellence among adversaries. In the following paper we shall analyze the Chinese idea of deterrence and how it was developed with other strategic approaches in the past three decades. The PLA strategies such as winning local wars based on information, assassin's mace and anti-access/area denial to a larger extent are intertwined with the idea of deterrence. Our goal is to explain these strategies and how they correlate with deterrence, as well as to point out some potential problems or misperceptions that can occur due to the ambiguous character of the Chinese deterrence and regional interests. This, in essence, represents the crux of the problem. The changes in the Chinese politics that have been ongoing in the last ten years influence the perceptions of its intentions among other regional actors and the Chinese idea of detterrence. If we consider the Chinese detterrence in broader theoretical framework that implies compellence as well, we can easily understand that growing concern among regional actors is not unfounded. Growing geopolitical ambitions among the Chinese policymakers are a reflection of the state's growing military capabilities. In recent policy papers we could see that the Chinese regional interests imply some kind of a change in the regional balance of power that could, over time, reflect on the global balance of power, as well. In such geopolitical environment the primary goals of deterrence could be put in question, in terms of whether the strategy is deterring a rival or trying to compel him in order to gain political concessions. During the last ten years the Chinese Armed Forces have been transformed from a strong land power to a growing sea power, whose capabilites imply the development of the blue-water Navy that can contest other regional powers, primarly the US. Such military developments inevitably change the perception of threat among regional actors, as well as their perception of the Chinese concept of deterrence.
Strategic responsibility of the Armed Forces when making a political decision on military neutrality
Authors: Stanar Dragan
Published: November 2022

In this paper, author aims to identify and define the existence of a special kind of responsibility, i.e. "strategic" responsibility, within the Armed Forces for incomplete and inaccurate reporting regarding real and existing capacities and capabilities for deterrence and protection of military neutrality. In order for proclaimed military neutrality to be recognized and respected by other countries, the neutrality itself has to be viable, i.e. a country that is proclaiming it has to be capable of protecting and defending its neutrality. The potential for deterrence is of the utmost importance in this regard. By analysing the impact that the assessment of capacities and capabilities of the Armed Forces done by military officers has on making a potential political decision about military neutrality, the author points out and highlights the fact that it is not only justified, but also necessary to identify and attribute strategic responsibility within the military for the defined phenomena of incomplete and inaccurate reporting. The author places special emphasis on military officers as the "managers of force". It is not just political decision-makers and politicians who can be held responsible for potential consequences of the wrong decision regarding military neutrality of a country, but also all those who take part in the development of inaccurate and distorted perception of capacities and capabilities for deterrence and protection of such neutrality. By analysing the very phenomenon of incomplete and inaccurate reporting in the military, in this paper the author recognizes and identifies two key causes of this phenomenon - the insufficiently developed moral awareness of military officers about potentially far-reaching and long-lasting implications and consequences of such actions and the irrational attribution of responsibility to officers in the Armed Forces. The author introduces the ethical and logical principle of Kant's dictum to explain the limits of moral responsibility for the military personnel, and also the limits of justification of potential sanctions for officers. The author also suggests several important mechanisms for the optimal removal or at least mitigation of the described key causes of this perilous problem - most importantly, adequate ethical education and continuous ethical training of military officers and all military personnel and critical re-examination of the institutional culture that attributes almost unlimited and irrational responsibility to all military officers for phenomena, processes and practices that they cannot logically be held responsible for, and thus there can be no justified sanctions, both formal and informal, for them. The implementation of these mechanisms would additionally strengthen and further develop the necessary and invaluable strategic culture within the Armed Forces.
Non-promulgation of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Radulović Srđan
Published: November 2022

The first COVID-19 case in the Republic of Serbia was registered on 6th March 2020. The World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic five days later. In the circumstances of the ongoing pandemic, the Republic of Serbia clearly faced, and is still facing, serious challenges. Once the infection began spreading, the state introduced various economic, legal, and medical measures to lessen the negative effects of the pandemic, constantly modifying them to adjust the rigidity of state response to the intensity of different waves of infection. Both individual and overall effects produced by the adopted measures are a highly interesting study topic. Yet, the available measures which were not introduced seem to be as interesting to research. This particularly refers to mandatory vaccination. In that con-text, two questions arise: what is the rationale for the authorities' decision not to introduce mandatory vaccination, and what it actually means from legal perspective. This paper focuses on the later question. Specifically, the paper aims to provide a possible interpretation of the recommended (non-mandatory) COVID-19 vaccination, and discuss the roles of participants and possible civil liability. In this pursuit, the author relies on the normative method and different analytical techniques, with due respect for theoretical achievements in medical law.
Human trafficking in the framework of the international adoption system: An (un)solvable problem?
Authors: Radišić Milica
Published: November 2022

The article explores the relationship between human trafficking and international adoption from the perspective of international (criminal) law. The article aims to indicate the specific position of international adoptions in relation to human traffic-king. To accomplish this goal, the article provides a review of relevant literature on this subject matter, including the views of authors who examined this relationship, with specific reference to current international documents in the field of human trafficking and international adoptions. The inadequate international documents on this matter and the authors' insufficent commitment to exploring this issue more thoroughly have generated different and often contradictory standpoints, and ultimately resulted in diverse and fairly liberal interpretation of certain international law provisions. The literature review allows us to observe the diversity of those views and the lack of common agreement among the authors, particularly on the basic concepts, which is one of the major hindrances in exploring this relationship. In the end, the author of this article suggest that an adequate solution may be the re-examination and reform of international law in the area of human trafficking and international adoptions, which would entail amending and supplementing the existing provisions or regulating illicit intercountry adoptions in a separate international document.
Vaccination policy against COVID-19 in the Republic of Serbia: Legal and organizational aspects
Authors: Mojašević Aleksandar , Stefanović Stefan
Published: November 2022

The subject matter of analysis in this paper is the current vaccination policy against COVID-19 in the Republic of Serbia, relevant legal acts related to the pandemic and vaccination, as well as the organizational structure and competence of the authorities in charge of designing and implementing this policy. The paper aims to critically review the legal framework and organization of competent authorities regarding pandemics and vaccination. The starting hypothesis is that the shortcomings of the vaccination policy in the Republic of Serbia are inter alia due to the poor organizational structure of the authorities responsible for the policy design and implementation, as well as the inconsistent compliance with applicable regulations. In addition, the authors examine the vaccination policies in some other countries, such as Croatia and Germany, in order to better understand the benefits and drawbacks of the vaccination policy in Serbia. Based on the analysis of the relevant legal framework, current research and comparative findings, we propose the general recommendation to the vaccination policymaker in Serbia, which should ensure stricter and more consistent implementation of applicable regulations in the field of health protection and reliance on scientifically based facts.
Liability for damage caused by omission to ensure hailstorm protection
Authors: Arsenijević Bojana
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the author analyzes the liability for damage to property caused by hailstorms. Although a hailstorm is a natural phenomenon, the damage caused by hail in certain situations does not represent a casus sentit dominus. The Hydrometeorological Institute of Serbia (HIS RS) has the exclusive authority to perform hail suppression activities (by seeding hail-bearing clouds with silver iodide) in order to control hail growth and reduce damage caused by hail. The issue of liability for damage caused by hail arises in case the HIS fails to perform its activities. The author focuses on cases where the compensation for damage caused by hailstorms is attainable. The lack of comprehensive scientific considerations on this subject matter has generated quite a few dilemmas in judicial practice. The author will addresses some of the most disputable issues: who is the responsible person, and what is the legal ground for establishing the liability of legal entities?
Axiology of monetary law in extraordinary circumstances: An example of emergency law
Authors: Dimitrijević Marko
Published: November 2022

The process of qualitative evolution of monetary law in modern economic and business circumstances has resulted, among other things, in its transformation from a discipline that belongs to the domain of legal and economic science to a discipline that increasingly takes into account the social needs and problems of ordinary people. The emphasis on a humane approach in the regulation of monetary relations in periods of crisis implies the duty of the Central Bank (as the supreme subject of monetary law) to include a component that measures the impact of the specific Central Bank program, measure or instrument on people's living standard, i.e. the quality of life of monetary users that can to be shaken in times of crisis. If, in addition to monetary law as an independent scientific discipline, there are subjective monetary rights of citizens to a safe and stable domestic currency, the Central Bank (as the bearer of monetary sovereignty) must help them in the circumstances when these rights are temporarily shaken and concurrently work to restore the credibility of the monetary system. Practice has shown that it is possible to achieve these goals by exploiting the potential of soft monetary legislation which is more adaptable the disruptions in the economy and takes more care of the well-being of the individual. The contribution of the subjects of monetary law in the implementation of this approach and success in the smart normative creation of new monetary solutions can differ more or less depending on the level of development of monetary awareness.
Finite element simulation of laser beam welding
Authors: Grbović Aleksandar , Sedmak Aleksandar , Sghayer Abdulgasem , Ivanović Ivana
Published: November 2022

Joining process play a significant role in producing lightweight constructions. Specifically, the use of Aluminum alloys for structural components or body airplane panels is one of the major challenges for joining because AA6xxx are very susceptible to hot cracks forming during fusion welding. As laser beam welding is increasingly used for welding aircraft components, special techniques are required to avoid hot cracks in weld seams. The impact of the process characteristics, e.g., the temperature field, the temperature gradients, or the molten pool geometry, can be determined by using numerical methods, e.g. Finite element method, as used here. Results presented here, demonstrate strong possibilities of numerical simulation of laser beam welding.
Repair welding of segments on excavator ERS 1000/25 drive wheel
Authors: Tošanić Mladen
Published: November 2022

The repair welding methods of damaged parts of excavator units exposed to different wear processes are discussed in this paper. In order to determine the most favorable repair welding technology, surfacing were performed on the models, thus the adopted technology was transferred to the real parts exposed to real exploatation conditions. Obtained results indicate that by proper selection of surfacing parameters and surfacing plan it is possible to obtain adequate microstructures characterized by good wear resistance, which provide significant financial effects as well as safer conditions during coal exploitation at the Surface Mine "Kolubara".
Influence of heat treatment on mechanical properties of surface weld on steel casting G24Mn6
Authors: Marković Milisav , Dobraš Dragoslav , Savić Slaviša , Ilić Jovia
Published: November 2022

When casting casting parts made of cast steel G24Mn6, due to defects in casting technology, imperfections can occur that can be repaired by surfacing technology. Ultimately, the quality of the repaired cast part also depends on the mechanical properties of the surface weld. Heat treatment of the cast part, which is performed before and after surfacing, affects the value of the mechanical properties of the surface weld. Repair of casting imperfetions can be performed when the cast part is in the normalized or quenching and tempering condition, depending on the appearance of cracks after heat treatment in case the cast part is surfacing in the normalized state. The paper analyzes the results of the influence of the order of heat treatment before and after surfacing on the mechanical properties of the surface weld.
Standards in welding in Serbia: State of art
Authors: Aleksić Boško , Simonović Dejan
Published: November 2022

In the period until the end of the year 2020, the Institute for Standardization of Serbia took over and published as Serbian standards about 99% of European standards - including their additions (amendments). In 2020, the Institute published 2032 Serbian standards and related documents, and at the same time withdrew 1257 Serbian standards and related documents. Of that number, 171 standards were published in Serbian, of which 35 were original Serbian standards. Besides, in 2020, a total of 1422 draft standards and 1888 definitive texts of draft standards were drafted. The plan for the adoption of Serbian standards and related documents for 2021, as well as for each subsequent year after it, will provide for the adoption of about 1500 Serbian standards that are identical to the corresponding European ones, because that is the average number of standards published by CEN and CENELEC in one year and which must be taken over at the national level. Also, the plan envisions the adoption of 32 original Serbian standards and about 100 international standards. The paper gives an overview of the adopted standards of the ISS department for metallurgy, mechanical engineering, construction and transport, by the commission M044 welding and related procedures and the status of the adopted standards in the Republic of Serbia until the end of 2020.
Reform of Physical Education Teaching in Colleges from the Perspective of Lifelong Physical Education: A Novel Perspective
Authors: Tai Yu
Published: November 2022

Reform of physical education teaching in colleges from the perspective of lifelong physical education is studied in the paper. Information technology in education has become a major trend in the education industry, and physical education has become a trend in the education industry, and sports teaching is becoming more convenient due to the popularity of information technology convenient, whether students consult learning materials or teachers search. Under this policy background, update the educational concept, re-examine the core literacy of physical education, discover and explore the problems existing in the education reform and put forward countermeasures. This paper gives the novel suggestions and discussions.
Hypokalaemia in Type-4 Renal Tubular Acidosis: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Hussain Shanjitha , Saravanan T , Nirmala S
Published: November 2022

Proximal/Type-2 Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) occurs due to impairment of bicarbonate absorption in the proximal tubule and is mainly characterised by hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis. There are various causes of proximal RTA like genetic, cystinosis, Wilson’s disease, drugs and toxins, vitamin D deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, amyloidosis. Vitamin D deficiency is one of the uncommon causes and is more common in elderly. Hereby, authors present a case report of a diabetic and hypothyroid 30-year-old female, who presented with chronic limb weakness, myalgia and bilateral leg swelling. After detailed history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations, she was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and proximal RTA associated with vitamin D deficiency. She had hypokalaemia with acidosis initially and was managed with diuretics, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, vitamin D and potassium supplementation, after which, she developed hyperkalaemia with acidosis. She was evaluated for hyperkalaemic RTA and its common causes and was diagnosed with hyperkalaemic RTA associated with diabetes. Thus, treatment of type-2 RTA due to vitamin D deficiency, led to unmasking of underlying type-4 RTA due to diabetic nephropathy.
Assessment and Evaluation of Diabetic Foot using Biothesiometry and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Sundareswaran R , Veezhinathan Mahesh , Shanmugapriya M , Babu R Dhanush
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Diabetes is a common disorder that is prevalent in the general population. As it advances, it causes a multitude of consequences, some of which are fatal. Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) is one such illness that causes nerve damage, and it is quickly recognised and diagnosed using a technique known as biothesiometry. Aim: To create an assessment tool based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that evaluates diabetic foot based on Vibration Perception Threshold (VPT) values. Materials and Methods: This experimental and predictive study was done using VPT values for 696 controlled and diabetic groups selected by purposive sampling. The VPT was measured by a biothesiometre. A metal probe was placed under the foot of the person and the voltage was increased gradually from zero and the transition from no vibration to the point of vibration is marked as VPT. Average of three measurements were taken to calculate the VPT value of the given patient. This involves the VPT value which helps in the assessment of severity of the condition. The recorded data was fed as an input to the ANN model which predicted the average VPT value of the left and right foot. Furthermore, the ANN model was assessed my means of statistical measures and parameters. Results: The results of the study confirmed the correlation between the values of VPT acquired at different points of the foot and the coefficient for the left and right foot was found to be 0.99549 and 1.0000 respectively. Furthermore, the efficiency of the proposed ANN model was assessed using statistical measures like Mean Square Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Square Sum Error (SSE) and Coefficient of determination (R2 ). The predicted values were very close to the experimental VPT results, and the correlation coefficient R are 0.99549 and 0.99975 for the left and right foots respectively, which shows the best settlement. Conclusion: The study concluded that VPT acquired from the foot of diabetic patients is useful in categorising the level of severity of DN. Furthermore, the results of ANN model proved that there exists a strong correlation between the average VPT values of left and right foot and those that are acquired from different points of the foot such as Great Toe, First metatarsal, Third metatarsal, Fifth metatarsal, In step and heel which concluded the study to be effective in the assessment and diagnosis of DN.
Effect of Brisk Walking and Moderate Resistive Exercises on Physical Fitness Level in Middle-aged Women: A Randomised Clinical Tria
Authors: Joshi Reema , Mishra Parita , Rathi Manisha
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Insufficient physical activity is considered as one of the leading risk factors for global mortality and morbidity. American College of Sports Medicine recommended an engagement of minimum 150 minutes per week of moderate physical activity. Physical fitness gradually declines with aging. Low muscle strength and decline in the ability to produce force quickly (power) are associated with low walking speed and, further, with mobility limitations. In India, women are more physically inactive than men. Women shows more rapid decline in physical activity than men in middle age. This sex difference may be due to the hormonal changes and barriers such as lack of time, lack of motivation, lack of energy, self awareness and health problems. Aim: To evaluate the effect of brisk walking and moderate resistive exercises on body weight, body fat percentage (Skinfold Caliper), six minute walk distance covered and Physical Fitness Index (PFI) in middle-aged women. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical study was conducted in Outpatient Department at Dr. D.Y. Patil college of Physiotherapy, India, from November 2021 to January 2022. Total 40 subjects, between age group of 40-60 years with low physical activity, assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire, were included in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups with simple random sampling using lottery method. Group A (experimental group; n=20) brisk walking with moderate resistive exercises were given. Group B (conventional group; n=20) includes only brisk walking. The protocol was given for four days a week for four weeks. The outcome measures taken were body weight, body fat percentage, physical fitness index and six minute walk distance. The statistical analysis was done using Medcalc software 18.2.1. Results: The mean age was 45.55±5.73 for group A and 43.30±4.62 for group B. The mean difference of Body weight (BW), Body Fat percentage (BF%), 6 minute walk distance (6MWD) and Physical Fitness Index (PFI) was 1.56, 1.98, -18.82, and -182.34 respectively for group A and 0.23, 1.22, -8.23, -126.16 for group B. On intergroup comparison, the mean difference of BW, BF%, 6MWD and PFI was 1.33, 0.76, -10.59 and -56.18. This shows significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Brisk walking and moderate resistive exercise can be used as effective treatment in weight management to improve physical fitness level in middle-aged women.
Evaluation of Resistin and Fascin-1 Expression and their Correlation with Recurrence in the Patients of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Saify Fatema , Chaudhary Minal
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity. The five years survival rate is approximately 50% and is even lower i.e, 30% in the patients with recurrence of this disease. Since recurrence has a major influence on five years survival, it becomes imperative to identify the molecular elements responsible for recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Aim: To evaluate the expression of resistin and fascin-1 and their correlation with recurrence in the patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A cohort study will be conducted in the Department of Oral Pathology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. The duration of the study will be 24 months. A 4 μm thick section from paraffin embedded blocks of formalin fixed biopsy tissues of 60 cases having primary oral squamous cell carcinoma will be processed and stained for mouse monoclonal resistin (clone C-10) and mouse monoclonal fascin-1 (clone 55k-2) antibodies. Results: The results will be analysed by the correlation tests, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. Conclusion: Local recurrence is influenced by site of tumour, depth of invasion, resection margins and lymphovascular spread. As recurrence is directly related to the poor prognosis and survival rate in the patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma, so it is essential to identify molecular markers indicative of recurrence. Fascin and resistin markers could be used to identify a subset of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients which are prone to recurrence.
Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block by Nerve Stimulator or Ultrasound: An Observational Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Surendran Sarath , Rajeev Dhanya , Rajan Raju
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Supraclavicular approach to the brachial plexus block is considered to be one of the most effective anaesthetic procedures for upper limb surgeries. Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) has traditionally been used as the gold standard technique for nerve location. More recently, Ultrasound (USG)-guided single injection supraclavicular block is used which allows direct visualisation of nerve, but its use is limited by cost constraints and the level of expertise needed. Aim: To compare the efficacy of USG and PNS in supraclavicular brachial plexus block especially the onset of motor block in orthopaedic forearm surgeries. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2020 on 60 patients attending emergency operation theatre for orthopaedic forearm surgeries. They were allocated alternatively to one of the two groups (30 in each group) based on the technique of nerve block, either using USG or PNS. Block execution time (puncture time), the number of needle passes, time of onset of sensory block, time of onset of motor block, quality of sensory block, quality of motor block, the intraoperative requirement of opioids, complications, success, and failure were the exposure variables. The qualitative data were compared using Chi-square test and for comparison of the continuous variable, the student’s t-test and Fisher’s exact test were used. The p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients in both groups were comparable concerning demographic parameters like age, sex, and American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status. The mean time of onset of a motor block using the USG-guided technique was 8.6±1.0 minutes, and using a PNS was 11.1±1.0 minutes (p-value<0.01). There was a 93.3% success rate in the USG- guided technique, compared to an 83.3% success rate in the PNS method (p-value of 0.222). No complications were seen in the USG-guided group. In the PNS-guided group, four complications were noted among 30 patients, the most common being vascular puncture (2 cases). Conclusion: USG-guided supraclavicular block was superior to PNS technique in terms of rapid onset motor and sensory block, block quality, improved success rate, and fewer complications.
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Zanthoxylum gilletii: A Review
Authors: Mbula J. P. , Kitete E. M. , Kasiama N. G. , Ngoyi E. M. , Kwembe J. T. K. , Tshilanda D. D. , Ngbolua K. N. , Tshibangu D. S. T. , Mihigo S. O. , Onautshu O. , Mpiana P. T.
Published: November 2022

Aim: Zanthoxylum gilletii is used in traditional medicine against several pains, namely urinary tract infections, malaria, lombargy, high blood pressure etc. Thus, the aim of this study was to review the literature on the traditionnal use, the phytochemical composition and the biological activities of the above-mentioned plant.

Methodology: A literature review was conducted  based on the scientific results sourced from Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, SciLEO and PubMed Central. The plant scientific name was used as a search keyword together with the following  words phytochemistry, pharmacology, bioactivity and pharmacognosia.

Results: Z. gilletii extracts have shown antimicrobial, antifungal, antiparasitic and anticancer activities. Several compounds have been reported from different parts of the plant including alkaloids, amides, coumarins and essential oils and have shown interesting biological properties such as the antioxidant and  antimicrobial activities. However, there are, to date, several compounds whose biological activities are not known, especially that belonging to the  essential oil class. At the same time, there are also the activities observed but for which the responsible compounds are unknown.

Conclusion: All parts of Z.gilletii are used in traditional medicine and  decoction is the most recommended method of preparation. Data from phytochemical studies are quite poor, especially on essential oils.
Land Use Changes in the Kerala State, India: A Temporal Analysis
Authors: Mathew Shilpa , Prema A.
Published: November 2022

The land is a vital input among all the production resources. The land utilization pattern in Kerala has undergone tremendous change over the years. The present study examines the temporal variations of land use categories in Kerala from 1985-2019. The time series data on the area under land use categories were collected from various published sources and the analysis was done at the state level. The GSVA agriculture at constant prices (1985-2019) data were used to estimate the trend breaks. The growth and instability of the land use categories were estimated using CAGR and Cuddy-Della Valle instability index. The land put to non-agricultural uses, cultivable waste, current fallow and other fallow land categories exhibited positive annual growth rates in the overall period. The permanent pastures with an instability index value of 65.16 per cent was the most unstable land use category. The trend of decline in arable land and an increase in share of uncultivable land over the years was noticed in Kerala.
The Peasant Agroalimentary Territories – Echoing Post-development?
Authors: Castillo O. L. , Salamanca Diana,
Published: November 2022

Inequality in access to land in Latin America, has led several rural communities to design and implement alternative forms of territorial management. In this article the identification and analysis of the characteristics of the Peasant Agroalimentary Territories (TCA for its Spanish acronym), which is the most recent territorial planning proposal in Colombia is offered; it rapidly has spread throughout this country and seems to be putting into practice some of the principles of post-development.

Confronting the current “development” dynamics (massive extraction, production, consumption, and disposal), post-development is a current of thought, gaining strength in Latin America that proposes to recover economic and environmental principles for achieving a more inclusive and equitable world. Hence, and based mainly on primary information collected (between 2019 and 2022) through interviews with social leaders and TCA inhabitants, minutes from meetings, and private documentation of other events related to their promotion and implementation, their main features and the progress in their establishment are explained.

The comparison between the theoretical principles of post-development and the TCA practices offers enough evidence to conclude that the peasant communities involved with the TCA are close enough to questioning hegemonic discourses and practices of development, understood mainly as economic growth. Another conclusion is TCA have not been created as a one-size-fits-all recipe, but rather seek to be as flexible and diverse as necessary. This characteristic is particularly important since it makes them easily reproducible in other rural contexts, and they do not depend on the rural location of a country or global region, on the geographic or ecosystem context, or on the social group that wants to organize it; instead, TCA provide the opportunity to recover a series of values and actions that are an integral part of a global trend in search of a transition towards a balance between the rights of human societies and those of Nature.
Management of Glass of Milk Program and Satisfaction of Beneficiaries in a Province of Peru
Authors: Saavedra-Coronel José Carlos
Published: November 2022

The Glass of Milk Program is a social and welfare program. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the management of the glass of milk program and the satisfaction of the beneficiaries in the province of Trujillo, in 2022.  The research was applied, with a quantitative approach, and non-experimental design with correlational and transversal scope. The variables studied were the management of the glass of milk program and user satisfaction. The population was made up of 2282 beneficiaries of the Glass of Milk Program of the Province of Trujillo, 2022, and the sample was 191 beneficiaries of the Program.  The survey technique was used and the questionnaire as an instrument.  The relationship between the management of the glass of milk program and beneficiary satisfaction was evidenced. The level of management of the glass of milk program is perceived as medium-high. The satisfaction of the beneficiaries, according to their reception focuses on a medium level, in terms of punctuality, attention, distribution, and effectiveness were located at a high level.