bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological role of chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors:   N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chernukha M.Yu. , Avetisyan L.R. ,   N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rusakova E.V. ,   N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sherman V.D. ,   Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zhekayte E.K. ,   Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tselikina E.G. ,   N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fatkhullina I.R. ,   Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2022

Achromobacter is a genus of nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria that have particular clinical importance for patients with cystic fibrosis. Objective. To analyze epidemiological role of chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter in patients with cystic fibrosis in Russia. Patients and methods. We examined 142 Achromobacter spp. isolates from sputum samples and throat swabs collected from 89 children and 53 adults. We used bacteriological and molecular methods (PCR, WGS) for identification and typing. Results. Our results demonstrated that newly identified chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter spp. can be both nosocomial and community-acquired. Pathogens with different genotypes (ST36, ST261, ST184) are transmissive. Types ST36 and ST261 are found in several continents. Since 33.3% of patients infected with Achromobacter spp. were also found to have A. ruhlandii ST36, it can be defined as an epidemic clone. Our findings suggest high clinical and epidemiological importance of Achromobacter spp. Key words: Achromobacter spp., cystic fibrosis, a chronic lung infection
COVID-19 in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Authors:   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorelov A.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Zhekaite E.K. ,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorinova Yu.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikolaeva S.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bitsueva A.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2022

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are a risk group for a severe course of respiratory viral diseases. In this regard, the European Cystic Fibrosis Society has developed the ECFS-COVID-19 surveillance program to collect information on the characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with cystic fibrosis, aimed at providing them with the necessary medical care. This article presents part of a study of Russian patients. Objective. To assess the prevalence and course of COVID-19 in Russian patients with CF and in the general Russian population. Materials and methods. From the beginning of the pandemic to December 31, 2020, 35 cases of COVID-19 in Russian children and adolescents with CF and 347,749 cases in the general population of children and adolescents were analyzed (findings from the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor). Results. The proportion of children with COVID-19 in the Russian Federation was 11.3% of all reported cases, and the proportion of CF patients with COVID-19 – 10.1 per 1,000 pediatric CF patients. The main symptoms of COVID-19 in children with CF were fever, cough, rhinorrhea, abdominal pain syndrome, and no loss of smell. Most CF patients had asymptomatic or mild form of COVID-19, and hospitalization was more frequent compared to the general pediatric population. Conclusion. The study resulted in determination of prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in CF patients and its clinical characteristics. Key words: cystic fibrosis, COVID-19, morbidity, pneumonia, antibacterial therapy
Effect of respiratory tract infections on the costs of cystic fibrosis therapy
Authors:   Academician E.A.Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Shadrina V.V. , Sherman V.D. ,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Furman E.G. ,   Academician E.A.Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: November 2022

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a severe progressive disease in which the control of respiratory infection determines the disease prognosis. Objective. To assess the impact of different respiratory tract infections on the costs of antibiotic therapy in children with CF, depending on their age. Patients and methods. Patients were divided into three groups (0–3 years, 4–10 years, and 11–18 years) for the costeffectiveness analysis; mean body weight was calculated for each group. Current regulatory documents were used to evaluate antibacterial therapy. The State Register of Medicines was used to calculate the costs of each drug. Results. We found that the highest costs were associated with inhaled antibiotics used for the eradication therapy in patients with P. aeruginosa and Achromobacter spp. infections (up to 1,152,000 RUB per year), chronic P. aeruginosa and Achromobacter spp. infections (up to 2,304,000 RUB per year), and infections caused by Burkholderia cepacia complex (up to 750,178 RUB per year). In case of intravenous antibiotics, the highest costs were associated with the treatment of infections caused by Burkholderia cepacia complex (up to 790,236 RUB per year). Conclusion. Patients with CF require regular microbiological monitoring to ensure timely detection of pathogenic microorganisms and respiratory tract infections. Early initiation of adequate antibacterial therapy in accordance with clinical guidelines is necessary to prevent chronic infections. Key words: antibacterial drugs, children, cystic fibrosis, therapy cost
Metaverse'in Akıllı Kent Hizmetlerine Etkisi
Authors: ARSLAN Meryem
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı son zamanlarda gündemde olan metaversin, akıllı kent uygulamalarını ne yönde etkileyeceğini örnekler üzerinden ortaya koymaktır. Bilim kurgu romanlarıyla temelleri atılan, bilgisayar oyunları ile sanal dünyaları keşfetmemizi sağlayan geleceğin üç boyutlu interneti metavers; sağlık, eğitim, alışveriş, turizm, kültür, sanat, ekonomi, akıllı kent vb. birçok alanda yenilik yaratan inovasyon ekosistemidir. Fiziksel dünyanın bir benzeri olan metavers; blockchain, yapay zekâ, nesnelerin interneti, 5G, artırılmış gerçeklik (AR, VR, MR) vb. birçok teknolojinin birleşiminden meydana gelmiştir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı bir makale türü olması nedeniyle dolaylı ve alıntısal yöntem kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Değerlendirmede metaversin akıllı kent hizmetlerine etkisinin önümüzdeki dönemlerde daha çok artacağı, tüm akıllı kent uygulamalarına yayılarak kent yaşamını etkileyeceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sınırlılıklar: Metavers konusunda çalışmaların henüz yeni olması nedeniyle araştırma sadece üç şehir ile sınırlı kalmıştır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Global teknoloji firmalarının ciddi yatırımlar yaptığı metavers, teknolojinin yoğun olarak kullanıldığı inovasyonun yansıması olan akıllı kentleri de birçok yönden etkileyecektir. Modern medeniyetlerin merkezi olan kentler sanal dünyada dijital ikizleri ile birçok etkinliğin, dijital çözümün merkezinde olma yolunda ilerlemektedir. Bu makalede son günlerde popüler olan metavers kavramı akıllı kent kavramı ile birlikte ele alınmış, kent hizmetlerine etkileri Santa Monica, Şangay, Seul gibi örnekler üzerinden analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Dijital ikiz, blockchain, nesnelerin interneti, yapay zekâ, Web 3.0, artırılmış gerçeklik vb. teknolojilere değinilmiştir.
Metaversin akıllı kentler üzerinde yaratacağı etkileri örnekler üzerinden değerlendirmek ve geleceğe yönelik olarak bu alanda kentlerin uygulayabileceği stratejileri ortaya koymak araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır.
Sendikacılıkla Parlamentarizm Arasında Birinci TİP'in Uzun On Yılı (1961-1971)
Authors: SAÇ Selman
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Bu metnin amacı, Türkiye’nin çalkantılı yılları olan 1960’lı yıllarda, anayasal çerçevenin yarattığı imkanla ilk kez sosyalist kimliğiyle ülkenin kurumsal siyasetinde kendisine yer bulan Türkiye İşçi Partisi’ni odağa almaktır.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Tarihselci bir yaklaşımla Türkiye İşçi Partisi’nin ilk 10 yılı (Birinci TİP) parti içi farklı anlayışlar, dönemin önemli sol akımlarıyla yaşanan ayrışmalar dikkate alınarak serimlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda özellikle benzerliklerden ziyade farklılıklara odaklanılmıştır. Bütünüyle nitel yöntemlere başvurulmuş, veri toplama teknikleri açısından çok sayıda birincil (aktörlerin demeçleri, parti bildirileri, parti program ve tüzükleri…) ve ikincil nitelikte kaynak taranmıştır.
Bulgular: Geleneksel partilerin aksine gerek politika yürütme biçimi gerekse parti kadroları açısından Türkiye İşçi Partisi önemli bir farklılığa/yeniliğe denk düşmektedir. Bu anlamda siyasetin profesyonelleşmesine karşın onu halklaştıran bir eğilimi temsil etmiştir. Her ne kadar sistem içerisinde mücadele etse de söylem ve programlarıyla mevcut düzende bir sapmayı amaçladığını söylemek mümkündür. Ayrıca uzun süre boyunca farklı sol anlayışları bünyesinde barındırmayı mümkün kılarak kurumsal siyasetteki sol etkiyi arttırmış, ülkede ilk kez dokunulmamış/tabu konuların konuşulmasını mümkün kılmıştır.
Sınırlılıklar: Metnin her başlığı neredeyse tek başına bir çalışma konusu olmayı hakkettiğinden bazı bölümlerin yazının amacı doğrultusunda daha genel hatlarıyla ele alınmış olması, derinleşilmemiş olması tercihe bağlı zorunlu bir sınırlılıktır.
Özgünlük/Değer: İlk TİP’e dair genel bir kavrayışı mümkün kılmak amacıyla son derece geniş bir perspektiften ele alınmış olması yazının özgün yanı olarak öne çıkmaktadır.
Empowerment of Village Cooperative Enterprises For Economic Resilience During The Covid 19
Authors: Zakiy Muhammad , Khasanah Miftakhul
Published: November 2022

The Covid 19 has changed the routine of the global community, including in Indonesia. This service program aimed to empower and develop the potential of village cooperative members, especially during the Covid 19 pandemic, especially in Kasihan village. This program was carried out in 3 stages, handwashing soap manufacture training, production of products to be marketed, and organizational training. The output of this program is the creation of ready-to-sell products, business and marketing strategies, packaging that meets health standards. The development of village cooperatives for the welfare of cooperative members is also the output of this empowerment program. Partners in this service program are the Kasihan hamlet community who are members of the Harum Manis Cooperative. The choice of this partner was chosen because the problems that the community has in the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic are very urgent to find a solution, and the Harum Manis has just started a business so that business programs are needed to develop. In order to achieve the success of this activity, material delivery, discussion and practical training, business and marketing training had been carried out. The steps were through observation of the service team to partner villages, delivery of organizational materials, workshops and mentoring, and post-program monitoring.
Community Empowerment: Training on Cultivation of Mushroom From Corncob’s Waste In Air Terang Village, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Pangestuti Rewang Febri , Wijayanti Erna , Chamami M Rikza
Published: November 2022

The community has not utilized the abundant corncob waste in Air Terang Village. Corncob waste can be used as a medium for growing mushrooms. This program service aims to improve the knowledge and skills of the community in Air Terang Village, Tiloan District, Buol Regency in cultivating mushrooms from corncobs. The implementation of this service uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, which consists of three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The result of this community service program is the community begins to understand and realize the use of corncob waste as a medium for growing mushrooms and can cultivate mushrooms from corncobs. Recommendations for the next service program are mushroom post-harvest processing and training on mushroom marketing strategies.
Community Empowerment in Tonjong Area Through Financial Application Training, “SIAPIK”
Authors: Puspitasari Nindya Farah Dwi , Hendrian  , Riyani Etik Ipda , Idrus Olivia
Published: November 2022

Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) are one form of economic development in rural areas that the government is currently intensively undertaking. One of the rural areas that already has its own BUMDes in Bogor Regency is Tonjong Village. The purpose of this Community Service is to empower community in Tonjong Village in the field of financial reporting by utilizing the financial application, namely Sistem Informasi Aplikasi Akuntansi Pencatatan Informasi Keuangan (SIAPIK). The benefits obtained from the implementation of this community empowerment are encouraging the maximization of the business units of the Tonjong Village community, especially BUMDes Kurnia Abadi through good financial reporting so that their business can operate in accordance with BUMDes values, namely Tariffs (Transparency, Accountability, Responsibility, Independence, and Fairness). The method used to empower residents of Bogor Regency, especially those affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, is to prepare learning materials in the form of manual books and video tutorials on how to use the SIAPIK through simulation of company financial transactions that are similar like real conditions. Furthermore, in the learning process, several learning methods are used, including the distribution of manual books, demonstrations through video tutorials, and discussions via short messages.
Training to Improve Teacher's Competency in Developing Class Action Research Proposals Through a Participatory Training Model with Intensive Assistance
Authors: Yohana Corry , Mardi  , Nikensari Sri Indah , Rachmadania Riski Firdausi , Febriantina Susan
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this service activity is to provide participants with understanding and knowledge about the importance of making classroom action research, as well as increase the enthusiasm of teachers to make CAR and implement CAR as expected so teachers do not experience problems in writing CAR reports because Classroom Action Research is seen as a form of research. the most appropriate improvement in the quality of learning. The method uses training with a participatory training model and intensive mentoring, Data collection techniques use interviews to obtain data about the difficulties of teachers in preparing CAR proposals, observations to observe the implementation of the participatory training model with intensive mentoring, and evaluation of CAR proposals to obtain data on the success of model implementation. training. The implementation of this training was attended by 65 teachers. With this training, teachers have knowledge and insight as skilled teachers because apart from being researchers, teachers also act as PBM implementers so that they know very well the problems they are facing, and the conditions to be achieved.
Petroleum++: Facing the Challenges Ahead
Authors: Kamal Medhat M.
Published: November 2022

Petroleum engineers are facing challenges just as they have for the past 100 years. We have been addressing these challenges and delivering solutions to continue our mission to provide the world with the energy it needs. Some of these challenges are technical in nature, some are due to economic situations, and now we are also facing challenges because of political positions. We are not alone in this regard. For example, handling the challenge the world faced with COVID-19, which should be based on medical and scientific results, was also mired in political debates. I have chosen the theme of Petroleum++ for my presidency to characterize the work in front of us to continue our mission. But I am getting ahead of myself.

Let me start by mentioning that I am honored to be elected to the position of 2023 SPE President. I have been a member of this Society for more than 50 years and have volunteered for just about every function and service it offers to members.

I have benefited from working with several distinguished members who dedicated a lot of their time and effort to enhance the petroleum engineering profession.

I want to take this opportunity to thank the members of the SPE International Board of Directors who just completed their term of service on the board. This includes Tom Blasingame, 2021 President; Zach Evans, the regional director for North America; Qasem Al-Kayoumi, the regional director for the Middle East and North Africa; Robert Pearson, the technical director for Production and Facilities; and David Reid, the technical director for Drilling. I would also like to thank Dr. Kamel Ben-Naceur who led the Society as the 2022 President.

Over the past year, SPE dealt with several events that I plan to discuss in later columns. Among these events were the proposed merger with AAPG, having an election for the open seats on the board for the first time in a couple of decades, and the work on updating the strategic plan for the Society, a task that is carried out once every 5 years.

I would like to talk about the theme for this year’s SPE presidency which is Petroleum++. I chose this theme because it encompasses how we should address the challenges we are facing as petroleum engineers.

First, we need to produce the needed hydrocarbons which will be a significant source of energy for the world until the year 2050 and beyond. The graph by the US Energy Information Administration shows that at least 50% of the world energy until 2050 will be obtained from oil and natural gas; similar results are shown for both the US and the entire world.
Collaboration Allows Introduction of Automated Advisory System in Offshore Well
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2022

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 31443, “Operator and Service Provider Collaborate To Successfully Introduce an Automated Advisory System in a Wildcat Exploration Well Offshore Mexico,” by Peter Batruny, SPE, M. Razali Paimin, and M. Arriffuddin Allauddin, Petronas, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2022 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

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The authors of the complete paper describe a collaboration between an operator and a service company formed during a project’s well-planning phase to evaluate the feasibility of automation for a holistic drilling-advisory platform that facilitates real-time decision making based on downhole and surface data. The collaboration resulted in a successful deployment of an automation platform as a solution to manage and mitigate risks and optimize drilling operations in exploration wells.

Introduction

The probability of nonproductive time (NPT) and invisible lost time (ILT) occurring in exploration wells is higher because of a lack of experience in the area concerned. The operator estimates that NPT caused by hole problems accounts for 22% of total NPT (Fig. 1).

The authors’ work aims to apply a novel, automated drilling-operation monitoring technique on a wildcat exploration well in the Gulf of Mexico through the collaboration of operator and service provider. A collaborative framework and technology integration is applied to minimize the effect of uncertainty on NPT and ILT.

Description and Application of Equipment and Processes

The well is in the Salina Basin, approximately 67 nautical miles north of shore, with an estimated water depth of 66 m below mean sea level.

The maximum planned well total depth was approximately 4400 m true vertical depth subsea. The proposed well lies in a four-way anticline structure. Despite the abundance of wells around the location, most exploration activities performed in the area have been focused on the Middle and Lower Pliocene (shallower) interval, causing well correlation at the Miocene stratigraphic interval to be extremely limited. In addition, the disparate thicknesses of the Pliocene sediments in the area create significant challenges in terms of geological correlation. Five offset wells were used as stratigraphy correlation, with distances ranging from 8 to 31 km. Downhole losses and borehole instability were experienced in all offset wells, with well-control events experienced in three out of five offset wells.
Use of preventive medication in general practice in patients in their last year of life: a Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Antonisse Anne , Baan Frederieke H. van der , Grant Matthew , Uyttewaal Gon , Verboeket Cathelijne , Smits-Pelser Hanneke , Teunissen Saskia C.C.M. , Geijteman Eric C.T.
Published: November 2022

Background: Several preventive medications become inappropriate in the last phase of life due to increased risk of adverse events caused by changed pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions, and changed care goals. Information on preventive medication use in patients with a life-limiting illness in the home-care setting is limited. The primary aim of this study was to assess the use of four different groups of preventive drugs in adult patients with a life-limiting illness, living at home in the last year of life. The secondary aims were to assess reasons for discontinuing these drugs as documented in the general practitioners’ patient file and whether these reasons affected the time between medication discontinuation and death.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the routine primary care database of the Julius General Practitioners’ Network of the University Medical Centre Utrecht, a database consisting of routine care data from GPs from the city of Utrecht and its vicinity. Patients in the homecare setting with a life-limiting illness, diagnosed at least one year before death, were included. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the study population and the frequency of starting, using, and discontinuing medication in the last year of life.
Results: A total of 458 of 666 included patients (69%) used at least one preventive drug in the last year of life. Vitamins were used by 36% of the patients, followed with 35% using cholesterol-lowering medication, 24% using calcium supplements and 9% using bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates were discontinued by 70% of the users, calcium supplements by 61%, vitamins by 56% and cholesterol-lowering medication by 48% of the users, with a median interval between day of discontinuation and death of 119, 60, 110 and, 65 days, respectively. The median time between medication discontinuation and death was longest in patients with side effects and who had medication reviews.
Conclusion: Many patients in their last phase of life in the home-care setting use inappropriate medication. Timely medication review may contribute to optimise medication use in the last year of life.
Closeness of Some Tree Structures
Authors: golpek hande tuncel
Published: November 2022

A graph can be analyzed by means of many graph theoretical parameters and formulas derived from them. One of those parameters is the closeness parameter which is modified to enable calculations in disconnected graphs. In thispaper, we have considered closeness of some tree structures as k-ary tree, binomial trees, binary tree, comet, double comet, double star graph and Ept graph. Upper and lower bounds are investigated for k-ary andbinary trees. Upper bounds comes from perfect form of tree for k-ary tree andits special structure binary tree. Therefore, the closeness values of perfect forms have been formulated. Also, closeness formulas are gained for binomial trees, comet, double comet, double star graphs and Ept graph.
MSC Classification: 05C05, 05C12, 68R10
The Expression and Effection of miR-192-5p in colorectal cancer: A Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yang Xin , Wang Zhenfei , Feng Li
Published: November 2022

Background.
Colorectal cancer (CRC), which remained the third most commonly diagnosed type of cancer globally, was in urgent need of a risk assessment method to determine an accurate treatment course. Recently, miRNA expression patterns have been identified as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized therapy. Here, we practically verified the clinical value of miR-192-5p and thoroughly explored its target genes as well as its potential functions in CRC.
Methods.
By Bioinformatic Analysis miR-192-5p was preliminarily deemed as potential biomarkers with CRC. To learn more about their relationship, we firstly investigated the expression of miR-192-5p in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, baseline data sheet and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves by R software. For further proving expression in tissual level, cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues of 45 CRC patients were collected for analysis using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). What’s more, miR-192-5p related cell function assays were also performed in cell lines, including transfection and scratch assays. Furthermore, we identified potential target genes, hub genes and Immune-associated cell for miR-192-5p from online datasets. Finally, A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and biological functions were constructed to analyze the prospective mechanisms of the predicted genes.
Results.
MiR-192-5p showed a significantly higher expression level in CRC tissues than adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.969 (95% CI: 0.952–0.987, P < 0.001). The decreased mobility of the transfected group suggested that the overexpression of miR-192-5p may inhibit the migration of colon cancer cells. Significant correlations between miR-192-5p expression and clinicopathological features such as gender (P = 0.04), clinical TNM stage (P = 0.028), Vessel carcinoma embolus (P = 0.001), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.002) and the CEA preoperatively (P = 0.028) were observed. To examine potential target genes, we obtained 93 genes for further function analysis and the PPI network indicated that KIF20A, TPX2, CDCA5, CCNB1, CDK1, PLP1 and NRXN1 were essential hub genes in the whole network. The GO and KEGG pathway annotation indicated synaptic membrane, glutamatergic synapse, and the Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 pathway as significant prospective mechanisms. Meanwhile, miR-192-5p was highly involved in the process of immune infiltration and formation of pluralistic components in the above tumor.
Exploring the limits of machine-learned potentials for chemically complex multicomponent systems
Authors: Gubaev Konstantin , Zaverkin Viktor , Sriniva Prashanth , Duff Andrew Ian , Kästner Johannes , Grabowski Blazej
Published: November 2022

Chemically complex multicomponent alloys have garnered widespread interest owing to their exceptional properties coming from a sheer inexhaustible compositional space. The complexity poses severe challenges for atomistic modelling and interatomic potential development. Here, we explore the limits of two complementary state-of-the-art machine-learned potentials—the moment tensor potential (MTP) and the Gaussian moment neural network (GM-NN)—in simultaneously describing both the configurational and vibrational degrees of freedom in the prototype Ta-V-Cr-W alloy family. Both models are equally accurate with exceptional performance in comparison to classical potentials. A single potential is able to achieve root-mean-square-errors of 1.37-4.35 meV/atom and 0.023-0.057 eV/Å in 0 K energies and forces, respectively, across all subsystems of the alloy family, and 0.156-0.179 eV/Å in high-temperature molecular dynamics forces for the disordered quaternary. MTPs achieve faster convergence with the training size than the GM-NNs, whereas GM-NNs are faster in execution. Active learning is partially beneficial and has to be complemented with a conventional human-based training set generation.
Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes of Patients with Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia in the Los Angeles County Hospital System
Authors: Prakash Preeti , Jain Shailavi , Trieu Harry , Chow Kenneth , Karunasiri Deepthi , Liang Tom , Yung Evan , Mason Holli , Tan Hongying , Tabibian James H
Published: November 2022

Background: Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a precursor to gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). In the United States (US), there is no consensus on the utility of surveillance for GIM, and minority populations most affected by this cancer are understudied. Our aims were to define clinical and endoscopic features, surveillance practices, and outcomes in patients with GIM in a multicenter safety-net system.
Methods: We identified patients with biopsy-proven GIM between 2016-2020 at the three medical centers comprising Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LADHS). Demographics, endoscopic, and histologic findings on esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) first showing GIM, recommended interval for repeat (surveillance) EGD, and findings at repeat EGD were abstracted. Descriptive statistics were performed to characterize our cohort. T-tests and chi-squared (c2) tests were used to compare patients with and without multifocal GIM.
Results: There were 342 patients with newly-diagnosed biopsy-proven GIM. Hispanic patients comprised 71.8% followed by Asians (12.4%). One-third of patients had a history of H. pylori. For most patients (59%), repeat EGD was not recommended. If recommended, 2-3 years was the most common interval. Over a median time to repeat EGD of 13 months and cumulative follow-up of 119 patient-years, 29.5% of patients underwent repeat EGD, of which 14% of patients had multifocal GIM not previously detected. There was no progression to dysplasia or GAC.
Conclusion: In a predominantly minority population with biopsy-proven GIM, there appears to be relatively slow progression of disease. Based on our findings, GIM surveillance EGD can likely be deferred at least 1-2 years.
Microbial fertilizer regulates C:N:P stoichiometry and alleviates phosphorus limitation in flue-cured tobacco planting soil
Authors: Feng Junna , Chen Lulu , Xia Tiyuan , Ruan Yanan , Sun Xiaolu , Wu Tian , Zhong Yu , Shao Xiaodong , Tang Zuoxin
Published: November 2022

By studying the response of soil and microbial biomass stoichiometric characteristics to fertilization, it is possible to optimize effective fertilization management during flue-cured tobacco growing periods. In this study, we studied the effect of compound fertilizers combined with microbial fertilizer treatments on stoichiometric characteristics of rhizosphere soil and the limitation of microbial resources during the flue-cured tobacco growth periods. The results indicated that soil and microbial C:N:P varied greatly with the growing period, the effect of sampling time was usually greater than fertilization treatment, and the microbial C: N:P did not vary with the soil resource stoichiometric ratios. With the extension of the growth period, the microbial metabolism of tobacco-growing soil was limited by phosphorus and showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The rhizosphere soil microbial resources nitrogen and phosphorus limitation were mainly affected by soil water content, soil pH, microbial biomass carbon, and the ratio of microbial biomass carbon to microbial biomass phosphorus, and the application of microbial fertilizers can reduce phosphorus limitation. Therefore, the application of microbial fertilizers regulates the limitation of microbial resources by affecting the soil and microbial biomass C: N: P in flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soils.
Limited characters, unlimited perspectives: A longitudinal volume and content analysis of academic research and Tweets on rare diseases
Authors: Leigh Simon , Alvarez-Fernandez Aitor , Tickner Nathan , Noble Max
Published: November 2022

Background
The development of medicines which can genuinely make a difference requires the identification of clinical, economic, and patient-centric needs. Yet, recognising the needs and experiences of both patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) is often more challenging in rare diseases. One approach to overcoming barriers in capturing the “whole rare disease picture” is to supplement academic research with analyses of social media data. We explore rare disease social media engagement among several key stakeholders, comparing this with engagement in academic publications over the same period.
Results
From 2011 to 2021, there were 228,233 published academic articles concerning the rare diseases under consideration, with publication volumes increasing year-on-year across all conditions. However, rare disease Tweets were on average 11.5-fold higher, with 2,633,366 individual rare disease Tweets over the same period, ranging from 2.9-fold in 2011 to 45.2-fold in 2020. While Tweets increased, so too did unique social media contributors, increasing 4.3-fold (from 150,790 in 2011 to 655,157 in 2021). Nurses (1,267%), pharmacists (9,717%), primary care physicians (15,801%), disease specialists (1,420%), patients and patient advocacy groups (660%) and the pharmaceutical industry (2,261%) all experienced significant increases in rare disease social media engagement from 2011 to 2021 (p<0.001). Additionally, each stakeholder specialised in the delivery of content concerning different topics, with disease specialists most likely to discuss research, patients to raise awareness, primary care physicians discussing symptoms, and nurses dedicating the greatest proportion of their communications to discussing the impact of rare diseases on family life.
Conclusions
Systematic harnessing and analysis of social media data may provide significant value in understanding patient, HCP and system-level needs concerning rare disease management. Tweet volumes exceeded publications year-on-year, with this difference increasing over time and each stakeholder specialising in the delivery of content on different themes. Such data may provide unrivalled insights, enabling researchers to appreciate the full spectrum of stakeholders’ most critical needs, experiences and preferences, thereby enabling meaningful exploration of what “good” looks like. If performed as an adjunct or precursor to published research, the use of social media data may be a valuable tool in identifying key clinical, economic, and patient-centric needs in rare diseases.
Fiscal decentralization, industrial structure upgrading and carbon emission: Evidence from China
Authors: Zhao Bin , Wang Ke-liang , Xu Ru-yu
Published: November 2022

The debate over the role of fiscal decentralization and industrial structure upgrading in China’s environmental governance has received increasing attention. Based on China's provincial panel data from 2003 to 2019, this paper investigates the impact of fiscal decentralization and industrial structure upgrading on carbon emissions to provide empirical evidence for the above theoretical argument. The results show that fiscal decentralization and industrial structure upgrading are negatively correlated with carbon emissions, while the interaction term for fiscal decentralization with industrial structure upgrading presents a facilitating effect on carbon emissions. Besides, fiscal decentralization, industrial structure upgrading and the interaction term have significant regional heterogeneity on carbon emissions. When fiscal decentralization and industrial structure upgrading are taken as threshold variables, the effects of industrial structure upgrading and fiscal decentralization are significantly nonlinear. Moreover, environmental regulation, transportation infrastructure and carbon emissions are positively correlated. There exists an inverted-U-shaped relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth, which proves Environmental Kuznets Curve theorem. However, FDI and urbanization have no significant effect on carbon emissions. According to the above conclusions, it is necessary to strengthen the positive interaction between fiscal decentralization and industrial structure upgrading in mitigating carbon emissions, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of China's economy, thus realizing the goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality".
PREGNANT WOMAN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRY AWARENESS OF OBSTETRIC DANGER SIGNS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Yunitasari Esti , Matos Filomena , Zulkarnain Hakim , Kumalasari Dewi Indah , Kusumaningrum Tiyas , Putri Tantya Edipeni , Yusuf Ah , Astuti Nining Puji
Published: November 2022

Background: Danger signs during pregnancy should be treated and detected early because any danger signs in pregnancy can lead to complications in pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to collect current empirical studies to describe the pregnant women awareness about the danger sign on pregnancy.
Method: This review employed the Prisma-ScR checklist. The articles searched in four electronic databases (Scopus, CINAHL, Science Direct, Google Scholar). Variables that used to search the articles (pregnant woman, knowledge, awareness, danger signs pregnancy). The Framework used to review is PICOS.
Result: The results of the article found 17 studies which met inclusion criteria. High educational status has been associated with increased knowledge, thereby raising awareness of pregnant women regarding pregnancy danger signs. Having a secondary or higher education can significantly increase your knowledge of danger signs during pregnancy.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge of pregnant women about danger signs during pregnancy is related to the mother's vigilance in taking appropriate actions when one or more pregnancy danger signs occur.
Multi Attention Based Approach for DeepFake Face and Expression Swap Detection and Localization
Authors: waseem saima , Abu-Bakar Syed Abd Rahman R. , Omer Zaid , Ahmed Bilal Ashfaq , Baloch Saba
Published: November 2022

Digital media forensics focuses heavily on the detection of altered photos and videos. The
likelihood of an image being altered is often determined by a detection approach using binary
classi cation. The key problem is identifying the parts that have been altered (i.e., performing
segmentation). We propose an attention-based approach to improve and process feature maps
for the classi cation and localization tasks. The learned attention maps show the areas that
contain useful information and give a visual representation of the manipulated regions, which
improves the binary classi cation (real face vs. fake face). The information received from
one manipulation localization is shared with the classi cation network, thereby enhancing the
performance of both tasks. A localized map highlighting the DeepFake manipulation type
is generated by the network's encoder and attention-based decoder. Instead of using encoded
spatial data for classi cation, we used features from the rst layer of the decoder, which includes
attention-based localized features associated with each DeepFake manipulation. These features
are then coupled with frequency domain features to generate a discriminative representation
for identifying DeepFakes. Through comprehensive experiments on face-re-enactment and face-
swapping datasets, we show that our method is better than plain vanilla binary classi ers., as
well as its capacity to manage the mismatch condition for unseen manipulation and attain
state-of-the-art performance. We demonstrate that using multiple attentional blocks improves
both face forgery detection and manipulated region localization.
Extraction of Natural Fabric Dyes from Brown Seaweeds and their Immense Properties
Authors: Gnanadhas Flora , Sundaramoorthy Surendarnath , Natarajan Sowndharya , Gnanamanickam Mary Stephy , Amesho Kassian T.T. , Sharma Bhisham
Published: November 2022

Natural dyes had been identified for recent years but they cannot be replaced the synthetic dyes because of the requirement of knowledge about the usage of natural resources around us to produce massively. This study concentrated about the extraction and their dyeing properties of natural fabric dyes from different brown seaweeds (Padina tetrastromatica, Sargassum tenerrimum and Turbinaria ornata). Various experiments such as phytochemical analysis and FTIR analysis were performed to decide the phytochemicals that helps to dye the fabrics. There were various types of solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol and water) used for extract the dye and mordants (CH3 COOH, FeSO4 and NaHCO3) which helps to obtain different shades and excellent fastness properties. After dyes extracted by soxhlet extraction method, uncoated cotton fibres which underwent pre- mordanting process (2% mordant solution) were dyed. The dyed cotton fabrics showed shades of different colors based on the mordants and solvent used for dye extraction. Colour fastness assessments were provided the significant features of dyed fibres will have excellent dyeing properties or not. The results were indicated the aqueous and ethanol dye extracts have excellent fastness properties than acetone and methanol dye extracts. Faster properties did not control by the mordants used on cotton fibers.
The Effect of the Number of Eating Out on Metabolic Syndrome and the Moderating Effect of Health Behavior in Korean
Authors: LEE SUN-A
Published: November 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to prepare fundamental data and prevention measure of metabolic syndrome, and assess the effect of the number of Korean eating out on metabolic syndrome and the moderating effect of health behavior among Korean adults.
Methods: Study subjects were number of 5,206 people with biochemical indicators and basic variables, meal variables, and health behavior variables among the people who participated in the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2019). The collected data were analysed by one-way ANOVA, regression analysis, and Hayes' Process Macro model 1 analysis using IBM SPSS(ver. 26.0) statistical package program.
Results: There were significant correlations between the number of eating out, metabolic syndrome, and health behavior. There was positive (+) effect of eating out on metabolic syndrome. There was significant moderating effect of stress recognition rate in the relationship between the number of eating out and metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: As above results, the author consider that it should be reducing the number of eating out to reduce metabolic syndrome, and health behavior management
is also necessary, especially stress management. This study will be fundamental data of future study on metabolic syndrome and health improvement among adults.
Binary toxicity of engineered silica nanoparticles (nSiO2) and arsenic (III) on Zebrafish (Danio rerio): application of response surface methodology
Authors: Allahvasi Asoo , Miri Ashkan , Ghorbani Farshid , Johari Seyed Ali
Published: November 2022

Nanoparticles (NPs) in both water and sediments can interact with other contaminants. Increasing production and using NPs by discharge into the aquatic environment can be a threat to aquatic organisms. This study aimed to consider the ecotoxicity and binary effect of arsenic (III) and silica nanoparticles (nSiO2), as independent variables, individually and simultaneously on the mortality rate of Zebrafish (Danio rerio), as a response, by response surface methodology (RSM) under central composite design (CCD). The results revealed that in the treatments within the concentration range of 1 to 5 mg L-1 arsenic and 1-100 mg L-1 nSiO2, no mortality was observed after 96 h. The optimal conditions to achieving the lowest effect of simultaneous toxicity in the concentration range of nSiO2 and arsenic were 87.2 and 7 mg L-1, respectively. Accordingly, the desirable function of the predicted model was found to be 0.78. According to these results, arsenic is toxic for zebrafish. On the other hand, individual exposure to nSiO2 did not cause acute toxicity in the studied species, while the arsenic toxicity was decreased by increasing the concentration of nSiO2.
Ionospheric electron enhancement immediately before the 2022 January 15 eruption of the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai submarine volcano: A fake precursor caused by space weather
Authors: Heki Kosuke
Published: November 2022

Near-field ionospheric total electron content records before and after the 2022/1/15 eruption of the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai volcano, are studied using GNSS total electron content data. The data started showing positive departures from the afternoon smooth decreasing trend ~ 1 hour before the eruption. This anomaly is localized around the volcano, i.e., it decays as we go away from the volcano. The signature resembles to the one preceded the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake. However, a detailed investigation of ionospheric anomalies from a dense GNSS array in New Zealand showed a large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance propagating toward Tonga, excited by a moderate geomagnetic storm on the previous day. This suggests that the anomaly around the volcano immediately before the eruption was caused by the arrival of this disturbance at Tonga just at the eruption time.
Positive correlational shift between crevicular antimicrobial peptide LL-37, pain and periodontal status following non-surgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Madruga David , Garcia Miguel M , Martino Luca , Hassan Haidar , Elayat Ghada , Ghali Lucy , Ceballos Laura
Published: November 2022

Background. Periodontal disease represents a public health concern due to its high prevalence and uncertain recurrence after conventional treatment. Therapy outcome may be variable and given its multifactorial etiology, the precise mechanisms behind periodontitis are yet to be unveiled. In this regard, the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile has been well characterized but little is known about the anti-inflammatory cytokine and antimicrobial peptide overview prior to and after non-surgical treatment.
Methods. Sixty individuals were recruited from our University Clinic and allocated in two even groups of healthy and periodontitis subjects. A full periodontal examination was performed, and gingival crevicular fluid samples obtained at baseline and again, 4-6 weeks following scale and root planing (SRP) for the periodontitis group. Then, analyzed by ELISA kits to quantify LL-37 and interleukins 4, 6 and 10. Sex influence and the association of age and oral hygiene habits to periodontitis and treatment outcome including gingival clinical parameters and self-perceived pain were also analyzed.
Results. Higher crevicular volume and protein concentration corresponded to patients with more severe periodontitis and decreased following SRP. A positive correlational shift was also observed for LL-37 (and IL-6), self-perceived pain, and periodontal status. IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased in periodontal disease to healthy state but barely affected by conventional therapy. Levels of all mediators were irrespective of sex but ageing and tooth brushing frequency were confirmed as potential risk factors.
Conclusions. Crevicular LL-37 could stand as a reliable biomarker of both periodontal disease and the associated pain to dental probing. Also, for the prognosis following SRP therapy.
Trial registration. The study was registered in clinical trials.gov, with number NCT04404335, dated 27/05/2020.