bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Underground small-group therapy of treatment-resistant depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with psilocybin—A retrospective case study
Authors: Turkia Mika
Published: March 2023

While a relatively large body of research exists on many aspects of psychedelic therapy, articles describing a complete, successful treatment process are rarely found. This article therefore presents a case of a woman in her early forties with early complex trauma due to domestic violence, sexual abuse and poverty in her childhood, resulting in approximately three decades of treatment resistant depression. Antidepressive medications did not alleviate her depression but resulted in adverse effects and an eventual discontinuation of the medications. Eventually the woman resorted to 'mixed-method' underground small-group sessions that utilized breathing exercises, cold exposure, physical exercises, music, and psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin appeared to interrupt trauma-related dissociation, producing an 'anti-dissociative' effect, allowing the woman to re-experience, in a controlled setting, dissociated physical sensations produced by earlier overwhelming events. After a period of approximately 1.5 years, during which time she had six psilocybin sessions, either individually, in the small group, or with friends, she achieved a remission of her depression. A follow-up interview 2.5 years later indicated permanence of the result. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews with a total duration of approximately eight hours. This case study may facilitate an improved understanding of the requirements for and the process of alleviating or resolving treatment-resistant depression with psychedelics. Recent clinical trials have utilized one or two doses of psilocybin. This case illustrates the need for adopting a multi-dose strategy over an extended period of time in order to achieve remission.
The neural instantiation of spontaneous counterfactual thought
Authors: Bernhard Regan Marjorie , Phillips Jonathan Scott , Cushman Fiery Andrews , Cameron Alara
Published: March 2023

Many of the most interesting cognitive feats that humans perform require us to consider not just the things that actually occur, but also alternative possibilities. We often do this explicitly (e.g., when imagining precisely how a first date could have gone better), but other times we do it spontaneously and implicitly (e.g., when thinking, “I have to catch this bus”, implying bad alternatives if the bus isn’t caught). A growing body of research has identified a core set of neural processes involved in explicit, episodic counterfactual thinking. Little is known, however, about the processes supporting the spontaneous, possibly implicit representation of alternatives. To make progress on this question, we induced participants to spontaneously generate counterfactual alternatives by asking them to judge whether agents were forced to make a particular choice or chose freely—a judgment that implicitly depends on their alternative options. Using fMRI, we found fourteen clusters that were preferentially engaged when participants were making force judgments (which elicit the spontaneous consideration of alternatives) compared to judgments of what actually occurred (which do not elicit alternatives). These clusters were widely distributed throughout the brain, including in the bilateral prefrontal cortex, bilateral inferior parietal lobule, bilateral middle and inferior temporal gyri, bilateral posterior cingulate, and bilateral caudate. In many of these regions, we additionally show that variability in the neural signal correlates with trial-by-trial variability in participants’ force judgments. Our findings provide a first characterization of the neural substrates of the spontaneous representation of counterfactual alternatives.
IMPACTOS NOS DIREITOS À INTIMIDADE E PRIVACIDADE DO CONSUMIDOR DE TECNOLOGIAS VESTÍVEIS
Authors: Paulichi Jauqueline Silva , Cardin Valeria Silva Galdino
Published: March 2023

As tecnologias vestíveis estão cada vez mais presentes no cotidiano da sociedade, permitindo que os usuários disponibilizem suas informações pessoais às empresas detentoras do software dos wearables. Questiona-se acerca da proteção dada ao usuário dessas tecnologias vestíveis, pois a sua privacidade é violada através da captação dos dados. O usuário da tecnologia vestível se caracteriza como consumidor e deve ter os seus direitos resguardados, como por exemplo: o direito à proteção aos dados que são inseridos nas diversas plataformas. As leis que tratam da proteção de dados no país são incipientes, o que possibilita que as empresas que fornecem tais tecnologias violem a privacidade do usuário, deixando-os vulneráveis quanto à coleta dos dados. A pesquisa define o consumidor, vulnerabilidade, o direito à privacidade, bem como a sua proteção. Posteriormente, apresenta a análise das tecnologias vestíveis, as formas de inteligência artificial utilizadas para a captação e tratamento dos dados, passando a abordar a violação dos direitos da personalidade.  Foi utilizado o método hipotético-dedutivo, com análise de artigos científicos, doutrinas, documentos eletrônicos e leis que tratam do tema ora proposto.
Dislipidemia: definition, diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Ashcheulova Т. V. , Gerasimchuk N. N. , Demydenko G. V. , Kompaniiets K. N. , Kochubiei O. A.
Published: March 2023

The review article presents the pathogenetic role of atherosclerotic vascular lesions in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between atherosclerosis and inflammation, which is characterized by the identical mechanism in the early phases, which includes the enhancement of the interaction between the vascular endothelium and circulating leukocytes is shown. The definition of such concepts as dyslipidemia, hyperlipoproteinemia and hyperlipidemia is given. The classification of hyperlipoproteinemia by Fredrickson, the clinical classification of dyslipidemia, proposed by the Ukrainian Scientific Society of Cardiologists, 2011 is considered. The correction of dyslipidemia, by both non-medicamentous measures, and drug treatment according to different variants of dyslipidemia is shown. The main groups of lipid-lowering drugs are listed. Their main mechanisms of action to reduce blood lipid levels are noted, and their side effects are listed. General recommendations are given on the monitoring of lipids and liver enzymes in patients taking lipid-lowering therapy.
Взаємозв’язок рівня захворюваності територіальної громади та антикризового управління в закладі охорони здоров’я
Authors: Shchyrіna K. V. , Tolstanov O. K.
Published: March 2023

У статті розглянуто взаємозв’язок між рівнем захворюваності територіальної громади та антикризовим менеджментом у закладах охорони здоров’я, а також те, як цей взаємозв’язок може вплинути на загальне реагування на надзвичайні ситуації у сфері громадського здоров’я. Актуальність дослідження зумовлена кризовими явищами в Україні, зокрема пандемією COVID-19, а також війною, що триває близько року і вимагає удосконалення системи управління в закладах охорони здоров’я. Мета дослідження – визначення залежності між різними видами кризових ситуацій та антикризовим управлінням, а також вивчення конкретних заходів, які дозволяють покращити кризову ситуацію. В ході дослідження використані загальнонаукові методи пізнання, зокрема метод аналізу, що застовувався для дослідження наукової літератури, синтезу інформації, який дозволив визначити ключові аспекти антикризового управління, індукції та дедукції, які дозволили систематизувати заходи антикризового управління в залежності від рівня захворюваності та видів захворювань, поширених у територіальні громаді. Результати дослідження дозволили розробити різні заходи антикризового управління в залежності від зростання рівня захворюваності та активації військових дій, які також призводять до збільшення рівня травматизму серед населення. Ці заходи потребують узгодженої політики управління закладу охорони здоров’я з громадою, місцевими органами регулювання, регулюючими інституціями.
МОРФОЛОГІЧНИЙ ПРОФІЛЬ ЧЕРЛІДЕРІВ НА ЕТАПІ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ
Authors: Крикун Юрій
Published: March 2023

Relevance of the research topic. Improving theefficiency of children's and youth sportsschools and Olympic reserve schools, whichplay a leading role in the training of high-classathletes, is unthinkable without seriousresearch in the field of sports science.Diagnostics and evaluation of the state ofspatial organization of the body of youngcheerleaders in the conditions of a sportsschool is of both theoretical and practicalinterest. The purpose of the article is todetermine the indicators of the morphologicalprofile of cheerleaders aged 6-8 years.Material and methods of the research. Duringthe experiment 27 girls cheerleaders of 6-8years old of CheerNika club (Kyiv) wereinvolved. Such research methods as analysis ofscientific and methodical literature anddocumentary materials, anthropometry,pedagogical experiment were used to fulfill theset purpose. The results obtained during theresearch were processed using the methods ofmathematical statistics. Results of the work.The conducted research allowed to obtainaverage results of length and body weight ofsportswomen, the indicators of whichcorrespond to age and sex norms. The bodylength of young cheerleaders increases from 6to 8 years by 10.82 cm (S = 5.19 cm). Thestudy also allowed us to obtain indicators ofanthropometric indices from the standpoint ofverification of asthenicity. Of concern is thefact that many indices in young cheerleadersshow signs of asthenicity, which can beconsidered anthropometric markers ofconnective tissue dysplasia, so these athletesneed in-depth research. Key conclusions: Thedata obtained as a result of the research showthat the development of young cheerleadersaged 6-8 years occurs according to well-knownpatterns. All anthropometric indicatorsincrease with age. According to some indices,in particular the Pirke and Brugsch indexes, signs of asthenicity are observed in 100% ofthe studied six-year-olds.
The relationship between total thiol and pregnancy in hair goats
Authors: DURSUN Şükrü
Published: March 2023

In order to increase increase fertility, hormonal application have been applied but, relationship between reproduction and stress/oxidant levels have not been investigated in hair goats. In this study, the relationship between increase fertility and TotalThiol levels were investigated in Hair Goats. 100 head female goats with a live weight of 45-50 kg at the age of 2-6 years and 20 heads of males with a live weight of 60-70 kg were used. In September, 100 females selected and marked, and blood samples were taken from all goats into anticoagulant tubes from vena jugularis 15 days before male introduction to the herd. Blood sampling was repeated from the same animals again before the start of lactation. Total Thiol values were found to be significant in October compared to May. It was determined that there was a difference (p≤0.05) in the Total Thiol level in terms of sex and birth type. The Total Thiol level of twin-bearing hair goats was statistically different from the non-bearing hair goats while the total Thiol level in single-bearing hair goats was similar to those that gave birth to twins and those that did not. Goats with low Total Thiol value had a twin birth and goats with high Total Thiol value were have no birth. Total Thiol value was found to be important for multiple births (p≤0.05). As a result, it was concluded that the Total Thiol level during the goat breeding season was related to birth rate and offspring yield in hair goats.
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SONG LYRICS OF THE ALBUM “MIDNIGHTS” BY TAYLOR SWIFT
Authors: Santika Pelsi , Syafryadin Syafryadin
Published: March 2023

This study aims to discover the figurative language and its meaning in the song lyrics used in the "Midnights" album. The data included the lyrics of all songs (13 songs) from Taylor Swift's "Midnights" album. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method as well as a content analysis design to describe types of figurative language and its meaning in song lyrics. The findings revealed that eight types of figurative language were used in the "Midnights" album's song lyrics: personification, simile, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, litotes, metonymy, and oxymoron. Personification with 12 data (12.5%), simile with 21 data (21.9%), metaphor with 25 data (26.0%), hyperbole with 15 data (15.6%), irony with 2 data (2.1%), litotes with 2 data (2.1%), metonymy with 17 data (17.7%), and oxymoron with 2 data (2.1%).It was found that metaphor is the most frequent type of figurative language used in the song lyrics of the "Midnights" album. It indicated that Taylor Swift used a lot of metaphor to create her songs in the “Midnights” album because figurative language can make a song more aesthetic, artistic, and meaningful, as well as the song lyrics in the "Midnights" album can be effective material for students to learn figurative language.
THE STUDY OF SUBTITLING STRATEGY IN 'ALL TOO WELL' SONG TRANSLATION
Authors: Seran Ivonda , Subiyanto Agus
Published: March 2023

This study analyzes and discusses the subtitling strategies of the song translation "All Too Well (10-minute version)" from English to Indonesian. The data are taken from Taylor Swift's official lyrics video and the Indolirik channel on YouTube. The study is descriptive qualitative, and content analysis is applied in studying the data and gaining results. The study uses Gottlieb's (1992) 10 subtitling strategies focusing on audiovisual translation. The results show that there are four strategies found in the translated song lyrics: paraphrase (36%), transfer (32%), condensation (22%), and expansion (10%). The paraphrase strategy is probably used because most of the lyrics contain figurative expressions; therefore, the translator managed to convey their basic meaning rather than translating them with equivalent expressions. Meanwhile, the expansion strategy is the least used in translation because the translator might consider that most lyrics do not need more information in the target text. The song lyrics are generally well-conveyed; hence, the whole lyrics' meaning is interconnected and understandable.
Kondisi Lingkungan Termal Ruang Kelas Sekolah Menengah di Area Suburban pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Mulyadi Rosady , Hamzah Baharuddin , Bangsawan Nurul Jamala , Asniawaty  , Ishak MUhammad Taufik , Taufik Yusaumi Ramadhanti Fitri , Syukri Muhammad Rijal , Bachtiar Andi Ahmad Fauzan , Nurhasanah  , Duminggu Priscilla Agatha
Published: March 2023

Saat pemerintah mulai membolehkan kembali tatap muka di kelas, sebagaimana protokol kesehatan di masa pandemi Covid-19, perangkat pendingin udara di dalam ruangan (air conditioner/AC) tidak lagi digunakan dan beralih menggunakan penghawaan alami. Kondisi tersebut dapat menyebabkan masalah terhadap kondisi lingkungan termal di ruang kelas yang berpotensi memengaruhi kenyamanan termal siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi lingkungan termal di ruang kelas di area suburban pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Survei dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data kondisi lingkungan termal mulai pukul 08:00 - 13:00 WITA. Hasil survei memperlihatkan kondisi temperatur udara (Ta)  rata-rata 29.80°C, kelembaban relatif (RH) rata-rata 67.71%, kecepatan aliran udara (V) rata-rata 0.05m/s, Mean Radian Temperature (MRT) rata-rata 29.67°C dan temperatur operatif (Top) rata-rata 29.72°C. Hasil analisis menggunakan CBE Thermal Comfort Tool dengan metode PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) memperlihatkan bahwa saat pagi hari, sensasi termal yang dirasakan “sedikit hangat” (slightly warm), seiring peningkatan temperatur, penurunan kelembaban, dan kecepatan aliran udara di siang hari maka temperatur operatif (Top) pun meningkat yang menyebabkan sensasi termal berubah menjadi “panas” (warm) dengan nilai PMV, PPD, dan SET yang meningkat pula. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan termal di ruang kelas tidak memenuhi standar ASHRAE-55.
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÖYKÜ YAZMA BECERİLERİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİNDE VE ÖYKÜLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNDE ÖYKÜ YAPISI MODELİNDEN YARARLANMA
Authors: KARAKOÇ ÖZTÜRK Başak
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma, bir altıncı sınıf şubesindeki öğrencilerle öykü yazma programı doğrultusunda yapılan uygulamaların, öğrencilerin öykü yazma becerisini geliştirmeye nasıl katkı sağladığını araştırmak amacıyla yapılmış bir eylem araştırmasıdır. Araştırma 2011-2012 öğretim yılında, Adana ili Yüreğir ilçesindeki bir resmî ilköğretim okulunun, mevcut şubeleri içinden seçilen bir altıncı sınıf şubesindeki öğrencilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulama süreci tüm sınıf öğrencilerinin katılımıyla yürütülmüş ancak iç örneklemeden yararlanılarak daha zengin veri sağlaması için 9 odak öğrenci seçilmiştir. Araştırmada uygulama öncesinde, sürecinde ve sonrasında olmak üzere farklı zamanlarda, farklı kaynaklardan veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan veri toplama aracı öğrencilerin yazdıkları öyküler ve öykü bölümleri ile Öykü Yazma Becerisi Dereceli Puanlama Anahtarıdır. Öğrencilerin uygulama öncesinde, uygulama sürecinde ve sonrasında yazdıkları öyküler ve öykü bölümleri araştırmanın temel verilerini oluşturmuştur. Bu veriler araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Öykü Yazma Becerisi Dereceli Puanlama Anahtarı kullanılarak üç ayrı puanlayıcı tarafından değerlendirilmiş, odak öğrencilerin nasıl bir gelişim gösterdikleri sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, öykü yazma programı doğrultusunda yapılan uygulamaların öğrencilerin öykü yazma becerilerinde düzenleme, dil ve anlatım ile biçim özellikleri açısından olumlu yönde gelişmeler sağladığı saptanmıştır. Odak öğrencilerin uygulama öncesinde yazdıkları öykülerin serim, düğüm ve çözüm bölümleri, uygulama sürecinde ve sonrasında yazdıklarıyla karşılaştırıldığında, öğrencilerin çoğunun serim bölümünde başlatıcı olay, içsel cevap, kahraman, yer ve zaman ögelerini sunma, düğüm bölümünde yan olayları ve kahraman girişimlerini ayrıntılandırılarak ve oluş sırasına göre yazma, çözüm bölümünde sonuca yönelik kahraman tepkisine yer verme ile başlık yazma açısından gelişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Actuality and Necessity – A Puzzle about Modality
Authors: Meixner Uwe
Published: March 2023

In a recent paper – “_A Priori_ Arguments for Determinism/Universal Necessity, and the Leibnizian Theodicy” – I considered, among other arguments for determinism, a modal argument which I called “the World-Argument.” I here repeat that argument in informal terms. I will then focus exclusively on the issues it raises in modal logic and in the metaphysics of modality; Leibnizian themes, prominent in “_A Priori_ Arguments …,” are marginal in the present paper.
DILEMA PENEGAKAN HUKUM PENYELESAIAN PERTAMBANGAN TANPA IZIN
Authors: Ranggalawe Gocha Narcky , Susanti Ino , Fahmi Kamal
Published: March 2023

Aktivitas pertambangan tanpa izin yang dilakukan masyarakat berlangsung selama bertahun-tahun dan merupakan warisan secara turun-temurun. Dimana maraknya aktivitas penambangan emas ilegal yang dilakukan dengan metode tradisional, telah memberikan dampak yang sangat besar, tidak hanya terhadap kelangsungan ekosistem lingkungan hidup, tetapi juga terhadap kehidupan masyarakat yang bertempat tinggal di sekitar wilayah pertambangan, diantaranya ancaman kecelakaan tambang serta penyebaran penyakit yang diakibatkan oleh pencemaran bahan kimia berbahaya pada tanah dan air. Bahkan aktivitas pertambangan tanpa izin telah menyebabkan pendapatan daerah yang bersumber dari sektor tambang menjadi berkurang, terganggunya iklim investasi yang kondusif serta munculnya berbagai konflik sosial, dalam rangka mengoptimalkan upaya penanggulangan aktivitas pertambangan tanpa izin, maka dapat dilakukan langkah-langkah melalui penerapan upaya penal meliputi penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam aktivitas penambangan emas ilegal sesuai dengan ketentuan yang termaktub dalam peraturan perundang-undangan maupun non penal dengan mendorong pemerintah untuk meningkatkan upaya pembinaan, pengawasan dan pengendalian pengelolaan kegiatan usaha pertambangan serta mengubah pola pikir masyarakat dalam melaksanakan aktivitas penambangan melalui program kemitraan usaha dengan perusahaan pemegang izin usaha pertambangan. Unlicensed mining activities carried out by the community last for years and are a legacy passed down from generation to generation. Where the illegal gold mining activities carried out using traditional methods have had a huge impact, not only on the sustainability of the environmental ecosystem, but also on the lives of the people who live around mining areas, including the threat of mining accidents and the spread of diseases caused by Pollution of hazardous chemicals in soil and water. In fact, mining activities without permits have reduced regional income from the mining sector, disrupted a conducive investment climate and the emergence of various social conflicts. criminal sanctions against parties involved in illegal gold mining activities in accordance with the provisions contained in laws and regulations and non-penalty by encouraging the government to increase efforts to foster, supervise and control the management of mining business activities and change the mindset of the community in carrying out mining activities through a business partnership program with companies holding mining business permits.
Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding the Implementation of the National English Program (PRONI) in EFL Classes in Mexico
Authors: Bonilla Juan Carlos
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the thoughts and beliefs of three English language teachers regarding the National English Program’s implementation in their individual teaching settings. The study was achieved in public schools in the Mexican state of Guanajuato’s region of Irapuato. A qualitative approach was utilized, and questionnaires served as the primary data collection tool. Results thus far indicate that all teachers generally have poor perceptions about the implementation of the National English Program. In order to improve the English language program, it was concluded that the government and school authorities need to act forthwith.
A Pre-Trained Ensemble Model for Breast Cancer Grade Detection Based on Small Datasets
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran, Jaryani Farhang , Amiri Maryam ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran
Published: March 2023

Background and Purpose: Nowadays, breast cancer is reported as one of the most common cancers among women. Early detection of the cancer type is essential to help inform subsequent treatments. The newest proposed breast cancer detectors are based on deep learning. Most of these works focus on large datasets and are not developed for small datasets. Although large datasets may lead to more reliable results, their collecting and processing are challenging. Materials and Methods: This paper proposes a new ensemble deep learning model for breast cancer grade detection based on small datasets. Our model uses some basic deep-learning classifiers to grade the breast tumors, including grades I, II, and III. Since none of the previous works focus on the datasets, including breast cancer grades, we have used a new dataset called Databiox to grade the breast cancers in the three grades. Databiox includes histopathological microscopy images from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Results: The performance of the model is evaluated based on the small dataset. We compare the proposed three-layer ensemble classifier with the most common single deep learning classifiers in terms of accuracy and loss. The experimental results show that the proposed model can improve the classification accuracy of the breast cancer grade compared to the other state-of-the-art single classifiers. Conclusion: The ensemble model can be also used for small datasets. In addition, they can improve the accuracy compared to the other models. This achievement is fundamental for the design of classification-based systems in computer-aided diagnosis.
Evaluation of the Histopathologic Reports of Oral Lesions in Razi Laboratory in Rasht in 2014-2018
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Center, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Alizadeh Narges , Rabiei Maryam ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Sayyar Amirreza ,   Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Center, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Rafiei Rana ,   Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Center, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Zaresharifi Nooshin ,   Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Eslami Habib ,   Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Center, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: March 2023

Background: Oral lesions can affect people’s quality of life by interfering with chewing, swallowing, and speech. These lesions may originate from epithelial or mesenchymal tissues. Malignant oral lesions can be life-threatening. Epidemiological data of oral lesions in Iran is limited. Objective: This study aims to investigate the frequency of oral lesions in Rasht, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, histopathologic data of oral lesions reported by Razi laboratory in Rasht from 2015 to 2019 were evaluated. The data collected: Patients’ age and sex, histopathologic findings, and location, type and origin of lesions. Non-specific diagnoses and dental and bone lesions were excluded. Results: A total of 259 pathologic reports were included. The mean age patients was 52.09±19 years, and 40.2% were male. Oral lesions in patients aged <40 years were mainly benign (64.2%), whereas half of lesions in patients ≥70 years were mostly malignant. Tongue was the most common location of the lesions (34.7%) and the main location for malignant lesions (46.7%). Benign lesions were significantly higher in females whereas malignant lesions were significantly higher in males (P=0.011). Epithelial tissues were the most common site of origin (49%) and salivary glands were the least common site of origin (11.6%) for oral lesions. Conclusion: Malignant oral lesions are more common in Iranian men aged >70 years, where the tongue is the most common site of involvement and epithelial tissue is the main site of origin.
Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Lidocaine in the Supraclavicular Block Technique in Patients Candidate for Upper Extremity Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Naderi Nabi Bahram , Sedighinejad Abbas ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Soleymanha Mehran ,   Department of Orthopaedic, Orthopedic Research Center, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan university of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Ghazanfar Tehran Samaneh ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Atrkarroushan Zahra ,   Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mirbolook Ahmadreza ,   Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Habibi Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Haghighi Mohammad ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: March 2023

Background: Various drugs are used as adjuvants to improve the quality of supraclavicular block method. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine in the supraclavicular block method in patients candidate for upper extremity surgery. Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 61 patients candidate for upper extremity fracture surgery receiving the supraclavicular block method from 2017 to 2018. They were randomly divided into two groups of lidocaine-normal saline (30 mL of 1.5% lidocaine plus normal saline) and lidocaine-dexmedetomidine (30 mL of 1.5% lidocaine plus 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine). The supraclavicular block characteristics and intraoperative hemodynamic changes were measured. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the demographic factors. The mean age of patients was 43.09±10.92 years, and most of them were male. The mean onset time of sensory-motor blockade was faster and the duration of sensory-motor blockade and analgesia were longer in the lidocaine-dexmedetomidine group than in the other group. These differences were statistically significant. There was significant differences in hemodynamic parameters among nine assessment times in each group and between the two groups. Conclusion: Adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine in the supraclavicular block method accelerates the blockade onset and increases the duration of blockade and analgesia after surgery without causing any considerable side effects.
A Comparative Study on Various Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Fake News Detections Using Bring Feed New Data Sets
Authors: G. Senthilkumar  , D. Ashok Kumar
Published: March 2023

To read the news, most smartphone users prefer social media over the internet. The news is posted on news websites, and the source of the verification is cited. The problem is determining how to verify the news and publications shared on social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook Pages, WhatsApp Groups, and other microblogs and social media platforms. It is damaging to society to hold on to rumors masquerading as news. The request for an end to speculations, particularly in developing countries such as India, with a focus on authenticated, accurate news reports. This essay demonstrates a model and process for detecting false news. The internet is a significant invention, as well as a substantial number of individuals use it. These people use it for a variety of purposes. These users have access to a variety of social media platforms. Through these online platforms, any user can make a post or spread news. FAKE NEWS has spread to a larger audience than ever before in this digital era, owing primarily to the rise of social media and direct messaging platforms. Fake news detection requires significant research, but it also presents some challenges. Some difficulties may arise as a result of a limited number of resources, such as a dataset. In this project, we propose a machine learning technique for detecting fake news and implementing a novel automatic fake news credibility inference model with Natural language processing steps that include text mining. Machine learning algorithms construct a deep diffusive network model based on a set of explicit and latent features extracted from textual information to simultaneously learn the representations of news articles, creators, and subjects. The "Fake News Challenge" is a Kaggle competition, and the social network is using AI to sift fake news articles out of users' feeds. In the comparison study, three algorithms—Random Forest, Navy Bayes, and Passive Aggressive classifier—are used to determine the text accuracy value for the precision, recall, and f1 score using these methods. Finally, Passive Aggressive Classifier approach provides greater accuracy compared to others. Combating fake news is a traditional text categorization project with a simple proposition.
Microsphere A Novel Drug Delivery System – A Review
Authors: Mohammad Khalid  , Archana Gautam
Published: March 2023

The microspheres are also called as micro-particles. Microspheres are characteristically spherical & free flowing powders having particle size ranging from 1-1000μm consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers. Microsphere can be manufactured by various type of material such as glass, polymers, and ceramic microspheres Microspheres are used in drug delivery systems to overcome some of the problems of conventional therapy and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a given drug they are designed. These delivery systems offer numerous advantages compared to conventional dosage forms, which include improved efficacy, reduced toxicity, improved patient compliance and convenience. At the target tissue the drug should deliver in an optimal amount in the right period of time with the minimum side effect & maximum therapeutic effect, to get the desired effect. The microspheres received much attention not only for the prolonged release or controlled drug delivery to improve bioavailability, stability and action at the specific site to predetermined rate but also for targeting of the anticancer drugs to the tumour. Microspheres are various types like Bioadhesive microspheres, Magnetic microspheres, Floating microspheres, radioactive microspheres, Polymeric microspheres, Biodegradable polymeric microspheres, Synthetic polymeric microspheres. The microsphere are spherical microparticles & are used where predictable & consistent particle surface area is important. The microspheres has the drug located centrally within the particle where it is encased within the unique polymeric membrane. This review focuses on types, materials used, drawbacks, advantage & disadvantage.
Machine Learning based Feature Selection Approaches for Early Prediction of Autism Spectrum Disorder - Review
Authors: Asif Mohamed H B  , Dr. Md. Sameeruddin Khan  , Dr. Mohan K G  , Dr. Parashuram Baraki
Published: March 2023

Feature selection is the task of selecting a small subset of the original features that can achieve maximum classification accuracy. This subset of features has some very important benefits: This makes feature selection an essential task for classification tasks.
Cash Crop Output and Foreign Currency Exchange Rate in Nigeria: A Vector Error Correction Model Analysis
Authors: Olawumi Dabor Alexander , David UMORU , Ekiomado Eguasa, et. al. Beauty
Published: March 2023

This study examined the relationship among cash crop exportation, real exchange rate, nominal exchange rate, and exchange volatility. This study focuses on the effects of the exchange rate on cash crop exportation in Nigeria. This study covers a four-decade period between, 1980 and 2020. The study used a pairwise granger, Distributive Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to co-integrate the long-run relationship among the variables. The outcome of the study shows that there is unidirectional causality between cash crop production and nominal exchange in the long run. The result also reveals that there is unidirectional causality between exchange rate volatility in the long run. The result further shows that there is a bidirectional causality between exchange rate volatility and the real exchange rate. This study recommended that the government should participate actively in the money market in order to effectively guard the volatility of the market which will go a long way to enhance economic stability.
„Nie powinniście postrzegać tego jako wyniku naszej lekkomyślności lub tchórzostwa”. Testamenty Fajwisza Kamlarza i Abrahama Zajfa, uczestników buntu w obozie pracy przymusowej dla Żydów w Koninie
Authors: Styczyńska Anna
Published: March 2023

Dnia 12 VIII 1943 r. w obozie pracy przymusowej dla Żydów w Koninie wybuchł bunt grupy więźniów. Po podpaleniu baraków, więźniowie popełnili samobójstwo. Przed buntem Fajwisz Kamlarz i Abraham Zajf, członkowie obozowego Judenratu, napisali pożegnalne listy. Sporządzone w języku jidysz testamenty są zapisem przeżyć Kamlarza i Zajfa oraz ich rodzin. Dokumenty te stanowią ważne źródło do badań nad aktami czynnego oporu Żydów w czasie Zagłady oraz nad sytuacją żydowskich więźniów obozów pracy na terenie Kraju Warty.
Karski–Zygielbojm. Historia pewnej rozmowy
Authors: Trębacz Michał
Published: March 2023

Spotkanie Jana Karskiego ze Szmulem Zygielbojmem było dotychczas znane z relacji tego pierwszego. W nieuporządkowywanej części spuścizny Zygielbojma przechowywanej w archiwum JIVO w Nowym Jorku znajduje się notatka z tego spotkania sporządzona przez bundystę. Pozwala ona w nowy sposób spojrzeć na tę rozmowę i postawić pytania nie tylko o jej przebieg, ale przede wszystkim o efekt. Wydaje się bowiem, że uzyskane podczas niej informacje zmieniły sposób, w jaki Zygielbojm patrzył na sytuację Żydów w okupowanej Polsce.
Patriarchal Hegemony in the Novel Damar Kambang by Muna Masyari
Authors: Sukmafitriani Adhetia , Nuryatin Agus , Nugroho Yusro Edy
Published: March 2023

Patriarchal hegemony is a complex system approved by society by placing men in a central position. One of the literary works that contain patriarchal hegemony is the novel 'Damar Kambang'. The aims of the research are to reveal the form of Madura patriarchal hegemony in Muna Masyari's Damar Kambang novel and to analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of Madura patriarchal hegemony in Muna Masyari's Damar Kambang novel. This research uses a literary sociology approach. The research data is in the form of fragments of text which are assumed to contain patriarchal hegemony through facts and story facilities, with the data source being the novel Damar Kambang by Muna Masyari which was published in 2020, while the technique of data acquisition was by means of heuristic reading followed by analysis in the form of hermeneutic reading. The results of the study show that the novel Damar Kambang by Muna Masyari contains forms of patriarchal hegemony, namely physical and psychological violence, unilateral decision-making, loss of space for discussion, and power over women who are approved and controlling children in the realm of marriage. The forms of patriarchal hegemony contained in the Damar Kambang novel are also influenced by several factors which are the cause of the emergence of patriarchal hegemony, including religion, social culture, and social status. Based on the results of the research, the benefits that can be provided by researchers are to add to the description and popularize readers about the social phenomena of the kinship system of patriarchal tribes contained in literary works.
An empirical study of China’s financial institutions holding non-financial listed companies’ shares on company innovation - a moderated mediating effect
Authors: Zhang Shiqing , Li Wenqi , Teo Brian Sheng-Xian , Othman Jaizah
Published: March 2023

The economy of China is gradually transforming from high-speed development to high-quality development. The innovation in companies is conducive to companies’ sustainable development, but innovation is often accompanied by risks and instability that needs the support of a large amount of capital. Financial institutions holding non-financial companies’ shares are favourable in alleviating the financial constraints of companies and they are of great significance in promotion of technological innovation and industrial technological upgradation of non-financial companies. The data for this study is selected from China’s a-share non-financial listed companies from 2013 to 2020 as research samples and data is empirically tested to show the effects of the industry-finance combination on non-financial companies and their technological innovation by creating the multiple regression equation. The test results showed that financial institutions holding non-financial companies’ shares significantly promoted the investment in the innovation of technology in non-financial companies. Through stepwise regression and other methods, it is concluded that financing constraints had a mediating effect on financial institutions holding entity companies’shares and company innovation. Financial institutions holding non-financial companies’ shares could promote technological innovation of companies by easing financial constraints, and the monetary policy as they had a moderating effect on this mediation. In addition, this paper conducted the sub-industries’ test on financial institutions holding non-financial companies’ shares and non-financial companies’ technological innovation through cluster analysis. Moreover, it examined the impact of property rights nature according to the basic national conditions of China. This study offers a new method for the innovation of companies in China and it provides a prerequisite for the high-quality economic development and industrial upgrading of China.
ІСТОРИКО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ФЕНОМЕНУ СТРЕСУ
Authors: Стасюк В. , Українець В.
Published: March 2023

У статті проведено теоретичний аналіз ключових підходів до розуміння феномену стресу та його видів, причини і механізми виникнення стресу. Проаналізовано наукові джерела зарубіжних, пострадянських та вітчизняних авторів, окреслено об’єктивні і суб’єктивні причини виникнення стресу в особистості. Проаналізовано відмінності у проявах фізіологічного і психологічного стресу, а також коротко розглянуто психологічні стани організму як реакцію на вплив стрес-чинників.
ДІЯЛЬНІСНО-ОСОБИСТІСНИЙ ПІДХІД У ПАРАДИГМІ ФІЗКУЛЬТУРНО-ОЗДОРОВЧОЇ РОБОТИ З ДІТЬМИ ЗІ СКЛАДНИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Лещій Наталія
Published: March 2023

У статті розкрито використання діяльнісно-особистісного підходу у парадигмі фізкультурно-оздоровчої роботи з дітьми зі складними порушеннями розвитку. Встановлено, що специфікою застосування діяльнішого підходу до процесу оздоровчого фізичного виховання дітей зі складними порушеннями є розвиток особистості учня на основі засвоєння ним способів рухової діяльності. Дитина з психофізичними порушеннями має бути постійно включена у процес самостійного опанування новими видами рухової активності, використовувати для цього способи самонавчання.
THE ”McDONALD‘S-IZATION“ OF EDUCATION: SEARCH FOR FAST RESULTS
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas
Published: March 2023

The pace of life forces us in getting everything quickly and preferably for free, i.e. the faster – the better. No matter that fast food from McDonald’s simply kills the human organism. The crucial point is that the action itself is fast and cheap. However, I see no sense in discussing the topic of junk food. A better idea is the transformation of the above introduced term into the field of education and debates on “appetite” for learning rather than for fast food. Thus, what are the shown indications? First, it should be noticed that when considering the phenomenon of “fast” training, education fails to retain its purpose, and therefore the systems of comprehensive and higher education appear to be just a blur (Lamanauskas, 2011).
TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY LEARNING AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION NEXUS
Authors: Snape Paul , Fox-Turnbull Wendy
Published: March 2023

The new Knowledge (or Conceptual) Age of this millennium is creating a globalised economy that requires a much more diverse range of skills and dispositions yet many countries’ education systems still promote an outdated Industrial Age model of teaching and learning. In New Zealand, as in many other countries, there has recently been an emphasis on raising the level of qualification and success of students in school. ‘No child left behind’ philosophies feature in many countries and much money has been spent on trying to raise the levels of achievement of underperforming groups and keeping students in schools longer. Industrial Age schools screened, sorted and disciplined students for work and life in society (Bolstad & Gilbert, 2008). This has been done through traditional learning disciplines where study has been largely content and assessment driven. A 21st century curriculum will develop in students a generic capacity and aspiration to learn (Claxton 2007). Recent research has identified the twenty-first century skills people will require for successful integration into a wider range of communities. The writers will introduce two perspectives developed to address twenty-first century learning and highlight how the Technology Education curriculum and Guided Inquiry are ideally suited for delivering this skill set. Technology Education and Guided Inquiry (Kuhlthau, Maniotes & Caspari 2007) pedagogy engage students in meaningful and successful 21st century learning. The first perspective is the Framework for 21st Century Learning (Partnership for 21st Century Skills 2009) and the other, the New Zealand Curriculum (Ministry of Education 2007).
Key words: guided inquiry, life-long learning, technology education, twenty first century learning.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE USE OF WEBTOON TO IMPROVE READING COMPREHENSION SKILL
Authors: Erya Wike Idola , Pustika Reza
Published: March 2023

This research discussed about student’s perception on the use of Webtoon to improve reading comprehension skill. Webtoon is a new platform that can be used to improve reading skill by its words used and interesting pictures. The purpose of this study is to explain whether or not Webtoon can increase students’ interest in reading comprehension skill. The respondents of the study are the students of English Education students at Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia.The result of the study indicates that the students are more interested and get the motivation to improve their reading comprehension skill by using Webtoon.
INVESTIGATING ENGLISH TEACHING STRATEGIES TO REDUCE ONLINE TEACHING OBSTACLES IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Putri Nina Rosiana , Sari Fatimah Mulya
Published: March 2023

The teachers became the key in teaching-learning activities. Teachers had a relation to the students’ success in learning English. So, the English teachers should know the best strategies should be implemented to teach English. It included the strategies to reduce the obstacles that they experienced in online teaching process. This study generally investigated English teaching strategies to reduce online teaching obstacles in teaching English using E-Learning Madrasah Platform at MAN 1 Bandar Lampung. This research was carried out through a case study. The subjects were four English teachers at MAN 1 Bandar Lampung.  The data were obtained from a questionnaire, an interview, and an observation. The data were analyzed through data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The findings showed that English teachers applied several strategies to reduce online teaching obstacles in teaching English using E-Learning Madrasah Platform. The strategies were applying asynchronous strategy, using an alternative media to support online teaching process, designing lesson plans, material, and online learning activities properly, explaining the materials through video conferences, instructing the students to do the assignments clearly, assessing the students’ works properly, and giving oral and written feedback to the students’ work to make the students were enthusiastic in boosting their learning achievements. In conclusion, all English teachers could reduce the obstacles aligned with each obstacle found.