bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USER PERCEPTIONS OF THE QUALITY OF THE PEDULILINDUNGI APPLICATION BASED ON THE DIMENSIONS OF ELECTRONIC SERVICE QUALITY (E-SERVICE QUALITY) DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Bianca Gabriela , Sari Kurnia , Junadi Purnawan
Published: March 2023

The use of a contact tracing application is one of the efforts made to overcome the global COVID-19 pandemic with an increasing number of cases. The contact tracing application used in Indonesia is PeduliLindungi which is one of the requirements for accessing public areas, which was initially applied to the Java-Bali region. However, in its use, there are still challenges that affect the quality of electronic services. This study aims to analyze user perceptions of the service quality of the PeduliLindungi application based on the E-Servqual dimension. The method used is observational with a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. The results showed that overall, the user's perception of the quality of the PeduliLindungi application was good with positive ratings on the service quality dimensions of the PeduliLindungi application. The dimensions that have a significant relationship to the user's perception of the quality of the PeduliLindungi (ESQ) application are the dimension of user experience (EXP) and user trust (TRU). The dimension of reliability (REL), responsiveness (RES), ease of use (EOU), privacy (PRI), system availability (SA), application design (WD), and information quality (IQ) do not have a significant relationship to user perceptions of the quality of the PeduliLindungi (ESQ) application. Suggestions that can be given are to improve and improve the system and technical functions and improve security for user data.
POLICY CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE UTILIZATION AND RATIONALIZATION OF PPE IN MATERNAL CARE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC – LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Soebangil Mas Aditya , Gani Ascobat , Oktamianti Puput
Published: March 2023

Policies regarding utilizing and rationalizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic challenge every healthcare service provider. Within the maternal health sector, it is suspected that the negative perception of patients and the lack of implementation and compliance with infection prevention and control policies disrupt the quality of care provided. This research is a narrative review highlighting all proper considerations for using and rationalizing PPE within the maternal health sector. Articles are gathered and filtered from well-known scientific publishing sites, and ten articles became the main discussion of this research. The utilization of PPE impacts all levels of maternal health service, from prenatal care to postnatal and neonatal care. Standardized PPE utilization and rationalization are needed to maintain the quality of care and reduce any negative impacts that PPE use might bring. Policies regarding the use of PPE must be well thought out to ensure that it will benefit its user without the risks of its side effects.
The layered costs and benefits of translational redundancy
Authors: Raval Parth K , Ngan Wing Yui , Gallie Jenna , Agashe Deepa
Published: March 2023

The rate and accuracy of translation hinges upon multiple components – including transfer RNA (tRNA) pools, tRNA modifying enzymes, and rRNA molecules – many of which are redundant in terms of gene copy number or function. It has been hypothesized that the redundancy evolves under selection, driven by its impacts on growth rate. However, we lack empirical measurements of the fitness costs and benefits of redundancy, and we have poor a understanding of how this redundancy is organized across components. We manipulated redundancy in multiple translation components of Escherichia coli by deleting 28 tRNA genes, 3 tRNA modifying systems, and 4 rRNA operons in various combinations. We find that redundancy in tRNA pools is beneficial when nutrients are plentiful and costly under nutrient limitation. This nutrient-dependent cost of redundant tRNA genes stems from upper limits to translation capacity and growth rate, and therefore varies as a function of the maximum growth rate attainable in a given nutrient niche. The loss of redundancy in rRNA genes and tRNA modifying enzymes had similar nutrient-dependent fitness consequences. Importantly, these effects are also contingent upon interactions across translation components, indicating a layered hierarchy from copy number of tRNA and rRNA genes to their expression and downstream processing. Overall, our results indicate both positive and negative selection on redundancy in translation components, depending on a species’ evolutionary history with feasts and famines.
Germinal center B cells that acquire nuclear proteins are specifically suppressed by follicular regulatory T cells
Authors: Ke Fang , Benet Zachary L , Maz Mitra P , Liu Jianhua , Dent Alexander L , Kahlenberg Joanne Michelle , Grigorova Irina L
Published: March 2023

Follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr) restrict development of autoantibodies and autoimmunity while supporting high-affinity foreign antigen-specific humoral response. However, whether Tfr can directly repress germinal center (GC) B cells that acquire autoantigens is unclear. Moreover, TCR specificity of Tfr to self-antigens is not known. Our study suggests that nuclear proteins contain antigens specific to Tfr. Targeting of these proteins to antigen-specific B cells in mice triggers rapid accumulation of Tfr with immunosuppressive characteristics. Tfr then exert negative regulation of GC B cells with predominant inhibition of the nuclear protein-acquiring GC B cells, suggesting an important role of direct cognate Tfr-GC B cells interactions for the control of effector B cell response.
Transferred mitochondria accumulate reactive oxygen species, promoting proliferation
Authors: Kidwell Chelsea U , Casalini Joseph R , Pradeep Soorya , Scherer Sandra D , Greiner Daniel , Bayik Defne , Watson Dionysios C , Olson Gregory S , Lathia Justin D , Johnson Jarrod S , Rutter Jared , Welm Alana L , Zangle Thomas A , Roh-Johnson Minna
Published: March 2023

Recent studies reveal that lateral mitochondrial transfer, the movement of mitochondria from one cell to another, can affect cellular and tissue homeostasis. Most of what we know about mitochondrial transfer stems from bulk cell studies and have led to the paradigm that functional transferred mitochondria restore bioenergetics and revitalize cellular functions to recipient cells with damaged or non-functional mitochondrial networks. However, we show that mitochondrial transfer also occurs between cells with functioning endogenous mitochondrial networks, but the mechanisms underlying how transferred mitochondria can promote such sustained behavioral reprogramming remain unclear. We report that unexpectedly, transferred macrophage mitochondria are dysfunctional and accumulate reactive oxygen species in recipient cancer cells. We further discovered that reactive oxygen species accumulation activates ERK signaling, promoting cancer cell proliferation. Pro-tumorigenic macrophages exhibit fragmented mitochondrial networks, leading to higher rates of mitochondrial transfer to cancer cells. Finally, we observe that macrophage mitochondrial transfer promotes tumor cell proliferation in vivo. Collectively these results indicate that transferred macrophage mitochondria activate downstream signaling pathways in a ROS-dependent manner in cancer cells, and provide a model of how sustained behavioral reprogramming can be mediated by a relatively small amount of transferred mitochondria in vitro and in vivo.
Cardiac Amyloidosis in Autopsy Case of Sudden Unexpected Death
Authors: Park Joon Young , Na Joo-Young , Park Young-Il , Jang Seon Jung , Jung Yong-Han
Published: March 2023

A 78-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus who underwent surgery for lumbar stenosis died of sudden cardiac arrest two days after the operation. An autopsy was performed; however, the cause of death was not identified macroscopically. Congo red staining detected amyloid deposits in the systemic organs, including the heart, lungs, liver, thyroid, and kidney. Immunohistochemical staining revealed an immunoglobulin lambda light chain, which can cause the primary form of systemic amyloidosis. The prognosis of patients with systemic amyloidosis is directly associated with cardiac involvement. In this case, amyloid formation was noted in the myocardial interstitium and intramyocardial vascular wall, which caused luminal narrowing, subsequently causing arrhythmia and ischemic heart disease in each tissue, respectively. We present a case of primary systemic amyloidosis with severe cardiac involvement that was diagnosed after a comprehensive postmortem examination.
Adaptive mechanisms in quinoa for coping in stressful environments: an update
Authors: Ain Qura Tul , Siddique Kiran , Bawazeer Sami , Ali Iftikhar , Mazhar Maham , Rasool Rabia , Mubeen Bismillah , Ullah Farman , Unar Ahsanullah , Jafar Tassadaq Hussain
Published: March 2023

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a grain-like, genetically diverse, highly complex, nutritious, and stress-tolerant food that has been used in Andean Indigenous cultures for thousands of years. Over the past several decades, numerous nutraceutical and food companies are using quinoa because of its perceived health benefits. Seeds of quinoa have a superb balance of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, saponins, vitamins, phenolics, minerals, phytoecdysteroids, glycine betaine, and betalains. Quinoa due to its high nutritional protein contents, minerals, secondary metabolites and lack of gluten, is used as the main food source worldwide. In upcoming years, the frequency of extreme events and climatic variations is projected to increase which will have an impact on reliable and safe production of food. Quinoa due to its high nutritional quality and adaptability has been suggested as a good candidate to offer increased food security in a world with increased climatic variations. Quinoa possesses an exceptional ability to grow and adapt in varied and contrasting environments, including drought, saline soil, cold, heat UV-B radiation, and heavy metals. Adaptations in salinity and drought are the most commonly studied stresses in quinoa and their genetic diversity associated with two stresses has been extensively elucidated. Because of the traditional wide-ranging cultivation area of quinoa, different quinoa cultivars are available that are specifically adapted for specific stress and with broad genetic variability. This review will give a brief overview of the various physiological, morphological and metabolic adaptations in response to several abiotic stresses.
Dinámicas de población y vivienda en las áreas urbanas de un grupo de ciudades medias españolas no integradas en áreas metropolitanas
Authors: Cebrián-Abellán Francisco , González-González María-Jesús , Vallejo-Pascual María-Eva
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo analiza los procesos de expansión y delimitación de las áreas urbanas en un grupo de ciudades medias españolas. El objetivo es establecer el alcance territorial y la tipología de municipios afectados. Se han utilizado datos censales a escala municipal, de población y vivienda, desde el año 1981 a 2011. La metodología empleada es el diagrama de dispersión a partir de un modelo que pone en relación cada ciudad con los comportamientos de los municipios situados en su entorno. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre los procesos de dispersión urbana en diferentes contextos. El ámbito de análisis abarca un radio de 30 km alrededor de cada una de las setenta ciudades peninsulares elegidas que tienen una población entre 50.000 y 300.000 habitantes. Los resultados permiten establecer una propuesta de área urbana e identificar cuatro tipos de municipios en función de las dinámicas de población y vivienda.
¿Está la escuela sola? Un estudio exploratorio de la relación entre el rendimiento de los alumnos y la disponibilidad de servicios públicos en el barrio escolar
Authors: Lovato Ísis , Oliveira Valéria , Campos Marden , Xavier Flavia
Published: March 2023

El artículo investiga la asociación entre la disponibilidad de servicios públicos en la proximidad de las escuelas y el aprendizaje de los alumnos de 5.º grado de primaria en Belo Horizonte (Brasil). Para ello, ajusta modelos multinivel de regresión de competencia en Lengua Portuguesa y Matemáticas, según datos del Sistema de Evaluación de la Educación Básica (SAEB) de 2017. El barrio se define como el área de 500 metros alrededor de la escuela y es la unidad de referencia para los índices de disponibilidad de servicios públicos de educación infantil, ocio, asistencia social, salud y movilidad urbana. Los resultados, que sugieren que no hay asociación entre estas características del barrio y el aprendizaje, ponen de relieve el papel de la escuela en el aprendizaje de los alumnos y la necesidad de investigar la hipótesis de que dicha relación es espuria, mediada por elementos asociados a ambas variables.
La incidencia del tipo de ejercicio y de la capacidad de la memoria operativa en el aprendizaje de las construcciones con verbo de apoyo en español como segunda lengua
Authors:   Departamento de Lengua Española y Teoría de la Literatura, Universidad Complutense de Madrid / Departamento de Lenguas Aplicadas y Centro de Ciencia Cognitiva (C3), Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, Pérez Serrano Mercedes , Mavrou Irini ,   Departamento de Lenguas Aplicadas y Centro de Ciencia Cognitiva (C3), Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, España / Department of Culture, Communication and Media, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, United Kingdom
Published: March 2023

Existe una creciente evidencia de que los aprendices de español como segunda lengua (EL2) se benefician del dominio de la lengua formulaica y de que las colocaciones y otros bloques léxicos suponen un reto para ellos. Un número elevado de las colocaciones en español está representado por las llamadas construcciones con verbo de apoyo. Dichas construcciones se pueden enseñar mediante varios tipos de ejercicios, entre otros, ejercicios en los que el estudiante debe ensamblar la colocación o ejercicios que presentan la colocación intacta. El presente estudio puso a prueba ambos tipos de ejercicios para la enseñanza de las colocaciones con verbo de apoyo en un grupo de 55 aprendices de EL2. Los resultados no revelaron diferencias entre los dos tipos de instrucción y en ambos tipos de ejercicios se dieron asociaciones cruzadas. Además, se observó que los participantes con una mayor capacidad de memoria operativa se beneficiaron en mayor medida por la instrucción basada en ejercicios en los que tenían que ensamblar la colocación.
Principios teóricos lingüísticos en el A Latin Dictionary y el Oxford Latin Dictionary: algunas consideraciones a propósito del artículo lexicográfico gaudeo y de otros verbos de estado
Authors:   Departamento de Lingüística General, Estudios Árabes, Hebreos y de Asia Oriental, Área de Lingüística General, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Márquez Cruz Manuel
Published: March 2023

El estudio realizado en torno al artículo lexicográfico gaudeo según se recoge en el A Latin Dictionary y el Oxford Latin Dictionary, así como su comparación con otros lemas verbales asociados al campo semántico de la expresión de sentimiento (paveo, doleo, timeo, horreo y palleo), proporcionan datos suficientes para afirmar que en la confección de dicha entrada los editores se vieron de alguna manera influenciados por los principios teóricos de la lingüística histórica y comparada y del estructuralismo. Este trabajo, enfocado desde una perspectiva metodológica cualitativa y cuantitativa, complementa aquellos otros estudios científicos que fueron enfocados a evidenciar las diferencias y errores habidos en la redacción de las entradas lexicográficas de los diccionarios tratados, toda vez que proporciona argumentos teóricos que justifican las decisiones tomadas por quienes confeccionaron los léxicos.
Análisis de errores y variables sociolingüísticas: cómo escriben los estudiantes de primer año de universidad
Authors:   Universidad de Las Palmas de Grana Canaria, España. Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Chile, Valdés-León Gabriel
Published: March 2023

En la educación superior, existe preocupación por el desarrollo de las competencias de escritura, preocupación que en Chile se agudizó al obtener los resultados de la Evaluación Nacional Diagnóstica de la Formación Inicial Docente (END) aplicada a estudiantes de niveles terminales de carreras de Pedagogía. Este estudio de caso pretende identificar el estado actual del nivel de escritura de los estudiantes de primer año de Pedagogía de una universidad chilena y las dimensiones que resulta necesario fortalecer a lo largo de su proceso formativo. Para ello, se comparan los resultados obtenidos por este grupo con los que alcanzaron los alumnos de esa misma carrera en la END, a través del método de análisis de errores y considerando cuatro factores que inciden en el aprendizaje. Los resultados señalan que los alumnos de primer año se encuentran en los niveles de desempeño más bajos y que los errores de sus textos se concentran en los planos estructural y ortográfico.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Growth and Yield Responses to Yara Fertilizer Formulations in Rain-fed Lowland Condition
Authors: Amenyogbe Mawuli Korsi , Dzomeku Israel Kwame
Published: March 2023

This experiment evaluated the effects of Unik-15 (15N + 15P + 15K) and Actyva (23N + 10P + 5K+ 2MgO+ 3S + 0.3Zn), likewise Amidas(40N+5.6S) and urea (46N) on rice growth and yield under rain-fed lowland condition. The study was a single factor trial laid out in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with three replications at the University for Development Studies Experimental Field, located in Tamale, Ghana. The treatments were inorganic fertilizer combinations with a control (T1 = UNIK- 15 at 125 kg ha-1 + AMI at 125 kg ha-1, T2 = ACT at 125 kg ha-1 +AMI at 125 kg ha-1; T3 = UNIK-15 at 125 kg ha-1 + URE at 125 kg ha-1, and T4 = ACT at 125 kg ha-1 +URE at 125 kg ha-1). The Growth and yield traits measured were tiller number, plant height, number of grains panicle-1, panicle length, grain yield, and 1000-grain weight. The results showed that the fertilizer treatments significantly (P<.05) influenced growth and yield parameters. The application of UNIK-15 at 125 kg ha-1+URE at 125 kg ha-1 resulted in the tallest plant (115.26 cm), longest panicle (29.30 cm), highest grain yield (6,074 kg ha-1) and maximum 1000-grain weight (23.72 g). The number of tillers were increased by 53, 66, 74 and 81% for ACT+AMI < UNIK-15+AMI < ACT+URE < UNIK- 15+URE over the control, respectively. Similarly, ACT+AMI < ACT+URE < UNIK-15+AMI < UNIK-15+URE produced more grains panicle-1 than the control, increasing it by 46, 51, 78, and 91%, respectively. Likewise, the grain yield was increased by 99, 132, and 178%, respectively, compared to the control, by ACT+AMI < ACT+URE < UNIK-15+AMI. Grain yield positively correlated with effective tiller count (r=0.53*), number of grains per panicle (r=0.90***), and 1000- grain weight (r=0.80**). Therefore, the application of UNIK-15 at 125 kg ha-1 + URE at 125 kg ha- 1 is recommended for rice production under lowland condition.
Effect of Organic Manures, Biofertilizers and Cow Urine Spray on Growth, Yield and Quality of Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)
Authors: Ghoya Snehal K. , Kumar Mukesh , Patel C. K.
Published: March 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of the year 2021 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, CPCA, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar to evaluate the “Effect of organic manures, biofertilizers and cow urine spray on growth, yield and quality of clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)” under loamy sand soil. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Thirteen treatments comprises different organic sources viz., T1: 100% RDF through chemical fertilizers (control), T2: 100% RDN through castor cake (CC), T3: 100% RDN through poultry manure (PM), T4: 100% RDN through neem cake (NC),  T5: 75% RDN through CC + biofertilizers (NPK), T6: 75% RDN through PM + biofertilizers (NPK), T7: 75% RDN through NC + biofertilizers (NPK), T8: 75% RDN through CC + 5% cow urine, T9: 75% RDN through PM + 5% cow urine, T10: 75% RDN through NC + 5% cow urine, T11: 75% RDN through CC + biofertilizers (NPK) + 5% cow urine, T12: 75% RDN through PM + biofertilizers (NPK) + 5% cow urine and T13: 75% RDN through NC + biofertilizers (NPK) + 5% cow urine. The results revealed that an application of 75% RDN through PM + biofertilizers (NPK) + 5% cow urine (T12) recorded significantly higher plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed index, seed yield, stover yield and crude protein content in seed. However, gum content in seed was recorded significantly higher in treatment T13. Therefore, the application of different organic sources of nutrients treatment application significantly influenced the growth, yield and quality of clusterbean. It is concluded that the combined application of poultry manure, biofertilizers and cow urine spray (T12) can be obtained maximum seed and stover yield with better seed quality.
Best practices for documentation of psychotropic drug-drug interactions in an adult psychiatric clinic
Authors: Collins Kathryn , Dopheide Julie A. , Wang Mengxi , Keshishian Talene
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Psychotropic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) contribute to adverse drug events, but many go undetected or unmanaged. Thorough documentation of potential DDIs can improve patient safety. The primary objective of this study is to determine the quality of and factors associated with documentation of DDIs in an adult psychiatric clinic run by postgraduate year 3 psychiatry residents (PGY3s).

Methods

A list of high-alert psychotropic medications was identified by consulting primary literature on DDIs and clinic records. Charts of patients prescribed these medications by PGY3 residents from July 2021 to March 2022 were reviewed to detect potential DDIs and assess documentation. Chart documentation of DDIs was noted as none, partial, or complete.

Results

Chart review identified 146 DDIs among 129 patients. Among the 146 DDIs, 65% were not documented, 24% were partially documented, and 11% had complete documentation. The percentage of pharmacodynamic interactions documented was 68.6% with 35.3% of pharmacokinetic interactions documented. Factors associated with partial or complete documentation included diagnosis of psychotic disorder (p = .003), treatment with clozapine (p = .02), treatment with benzodiazepine-receptor agonist (p < .01), and assumption of care during July (p = .04). Factors associated with no documentation include diagnosis of “other (primarily impulse control disorder)” (p < .01) and taking an enzyme-inhibiting antidepressant (p < .01).

Discussion

Investigators propose best practices for psychotropic DDI documentation: (1) description and potential outcome of DDI, (2) monitoring and management, (3) Patient education on DDI, and (4) patient response to DDI education. Strategies to improve DDI documentation quality include targeted provider education, incentives, and electronic medical record “DDI smart phrases.”
Kinetics of In-Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Rice Husk Pellets Using a Multi-Component Kinetics Model
Authors: Wibowo Wusana Agung , Cahyono Rochim Bakti , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Budiman Arief
Published: March 2023

Ash-based catalysts, as low-cost materials, are applicable in biomass pyrolysis and play a role in lowering the activation energy. This study enriched the insights of different method of catalyst addition into biomass in the catalytic pyrolysis. The addition of rice husk ash as a catalyst into rice husk pellets allows for better solid-solid contact between the biomass and the catalyst, since the common methods were only solid mixing. This research aimed to investigate the thermal characteristics and kinetics of the biomass components (hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin) in the in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of rice husk pellets with the addition of husk ash. The three-independent parallel reaction kinetics model was used to calculate the kinetics parameters based on thermogravimetric analysis conducted at 303-873 K with various heating rates (5, 10, 20 K/min) and ash addition ratios (10:0, 10:1, 10:2). The thermogram shows that the pyrolysis of rice husk pellets was divided into two stages. Stage 1, ranging from 510-650 K, represented the decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose, occurring faster with high mass loss, while Stage 2, starting at around 650 K, represented lignin decomposition, occurring more slowly with low mass loss. The catalytic activity of the ash was only apparent at high temperatures, where cellulose and lignin decomposition were more dominant. Activation energy, as a representation of catalytic activity for each component, was not always lower in catalytic pyrolysis. However, the average activation energy decreased with increasing heating rates and ash addition ratios. The addition of the catalyst slowed the decomposition of hemicellulose but accelerated the decomposition of cellulose and lignin. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Bringing Transparency and Rigor to Medicare Drug Pricing
Authors: Gottlieb Scott
Published: March 2023

This JAMA Forum discusses implementation of the Medicare drug pricing provision of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 and ways the new frameworks can be tweaked to achieve the desired public health goals.
First-line Systemic Treatment Options for Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Riaz Irbaz Bin , Naqvi Syed Arsalan Ahmed , He Huan , Asghar Noureen , Siddiqi Rabbia , Liu Hongfang , Singh Parminder , Childs Daniel S. , Ravi Praful , Hussain Syed A. , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Boorjian Stephen A. , Sweeney Christopher , Van Allen Eliezer M. , Bryce Alan H.
Published: March 2023

Importance

The effectiveness of triplet therapy compared with androgen pathway inhibitor (API) doublets in a heterogeneous patient population with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) is unknown.

Objective

To assess the comparative effectiveness of contemporary systemic treatment options for patients with mCSPC across clinically relevant subgroups.

Data Sources

For this systematic review and meta-analysis, Ovid MEDLINE and Embase were searched from each database’s inception (MEDLINE, 1946; Embase, 1974) through June 16, 2021. Subsequently, a “living” auto search was created with weekly updates to identify new evidence as it became available.

Study Selection

Phase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing first-line treatment options for mCSPC.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two independent reviewers extracted data from eligible RCTs. The comparative effectiveness of different treatment options was assessed with a fixed-effect network meta-analysis. Data were analyzed on July 10, 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), grade 3 or higher adverse events, and health-related quality of life.

Results

This report included 10 RCTs with 11 043 patients and 9 unique treatment groups. Median ages of the included population ranged from 63 to 70 years. Current evidence for the overall population suggests that the darolutamide (DARO) triplet (DARO + docetaxel [D] + androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57-0.81), as well as the abiraterone (AAP) triplet (AAP + D + ADT; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59-0.95), are associated with improved OS compared with D doublet (D + ADT) but not compared with API doublets. Among patients with high-volume disease, AAP + D + ADT may improve OS compared with D + ADT (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55-0.95) but not compared with AAP + ADT, enzalutamide (E) + ADT, and apalutamide (APA) + ADT. For patients with low-volume disease, AAP + D + ADT may not improve OS compared with APA + ADT, AAP + ADT, E + ADT, and D + ADT.

Conclusions and Relevance

The potential benefit observed with triplet therapy must be interpreted with careful accounting for the volume of disease and the choice of doublet comparisons used in the clinical trials. These findings suggest an equipoise to how triplet regimens compare with API doublet combinations and provide direction for future clinical trials.
Electropolymerized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Coatings on Porous Carbon Electrodes for Electrochemical Separation of Metals
Authors: Boz Emre B. , Fritz Marcell , Forner‐Cuenca Antoni
Published: March 2023

Electrode‐assisted techniques are well suited for the separation of ions from solutions with reduced energy and chemical consumption. This emerging platform can benefit greatly from the convection enhanced and zero‐gap reactor designs unlocked by macroporous electrodes, but immobilizing ion‐selective layers on such complex 3D architectures is challenging. Electropolymerization of conductive polymers is proposed as a coating methodology to fabricate highly conformal coatings with electrochemically switchable ion‐exchange functionality. To demonstrate this, the synthetic parameters, resulting morphology, and ionic separation performance of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on commercially available carbon paper electrodes are studied. Electropolymerization of PEDOT in organic solvents results in rougher morphologies with high sensitivity to electrochemical protocols employed. When polymerized in aqueous solutions of poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) (PSS−), the resulting PEDOT/PSS blend polymer forms smooth coatings with a controllable thickness down to 0.1 µm. With appropriate voltage bias, PEDOT/PSS coated electrodes can take up and release Ni2+ in the presence of excess Na+. Increasing the coating thickness decreases the adsorption capacity due to mass transfer limitations, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+ is reached for the thinnest coatings at 228 mg g−1. Through a systematic study of PEDOT/PSS coated carbon paper, electropolymerization is identified to be a promising avenue for porous electrode functionalization.
An Effective Spectral Processing Method for Low‐Cost Fiber Loop Ring‐Down Systems
Authors: Cha Guozhi , Wang Ruoyu , Ma Jiangtao , Shao Guifang , Liu Tundong
Published: March 2023

Fiber loop ring‐down spectroscopy (FLRDS) is a highly sensitive spectroscopic technology. Here, a spectral processing method is proposed for low‐cost fiber loop ring‐down systems. In the proposed method, the amplitude modulation theory is used to establish a new ring‐down spectral model, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced into FLRDS. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively process the ring‐down spectral signals acquired from the low‐cost fiber loop ring‐down system. Moreover, this method demonstrates higher accuracy and stronger adaptability than the current widely used method. Owing to its excellent performance, the proposed method has considerable potential to be applied in low‐cost fiber loop ring‐down systems.
All‐Natural Immunomodulatory Bioadhesive Hydrogel Promotes Angiogenesis and Diabetic Wound Healing by Regulating Macrophage Heterogeneity
Authors: Fu Ya‐Jun , Shi Yi‐Feng , Wang Li‐Ya , Zhao Yi‐Fan , Wang Rao‐Kaijuan , Li Kai , Zhang Shu‐Ting , Zha Xiang‐Jun , Wang Wei , Zhao Xing , Yang Wei
Published: March 2023

Macrophages are highly heterogeneous and exhibit a diversity of functions and phenotypes. They can be divided into pro‐inflammatory macrophages (M1) and anti‐inflammatory macrophages (M2). Diabetic wounds are characterized by a prolonged inflammatory phase and difficulty in healing due to the accumulation of pro‐inflammatory (M1) macrophages in the wound. Therefore, hydrogel dressings with macrophage heterogeneity regulation function hold great promise in promoting diabetic wound healing in clinical applications. However, the precise conversion of pro‐inflammatory M1 to anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages by simple and biosafe approaches is still a great challenge. Here, an all‐natural hydrogel with the ability to regulate macrophage heterogeneity is developed to promote angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing. The protocatechuic aldehyde hybridized collagen‐based all‐natural hydrogel exhibits good bioadhesive and antibacterial properties as well as reactive oxygen species scavenging ability. More importantly, the hydrogel is able to convert M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages without the need for any additional ingredients or external intervention. This simple and safe immunomodulatory approach shows great application potential for shortening the inflammatory phase of diabetic wound repair and accelerating wound healing.
1.5 eV GaInAsP Solar Cells Grown via Hydride Vapor‐Phase Epitaxy for Low‐Cost GaInP/GaInAsP//Si Triple‐Junction Structures
Authors: Shoji Yasushi , Oshima Ryuji , Makita Kikuo , Ubukata Akinori , Sugaya Takeyoshi
Published: March 2023

Multijunction solar cells combining III–V and Si materials can provide high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Two‐terminal III–V//Si triple‐junction solar cells with an efficiency of 35.9% have already been developed using metal–organic vapor‐phase epitaxy and the direct wafer bonding technique. This study, however, proposes the low‐cost fabrication of III–V solar cells using hydride vapor‐phase epitaxy (HVPE). GaInAsP solar cells are fabricated using HVPE to apply to middle cells in III–V//Si triple‐junction structures. By controlling the partial pressure of the precursors, the optimal bandgap energy of 1.5 eV is obtained for the HVPE‐grown GaInAsP quaternary alloys. The 1.5 eV GaInAsP single‐junction solar cells show higher open‐circuit voltage than the HVPE‐grown GaAs solar cells. The open‐circuit voltage of the GaInAsP solar cells fabricated with a GaInAsP growth rate of 77.6 μm h−1reaches 1.1 V upon the formation of the rear‐heterojunction structure. In addition, the external quantum efficiency spectra of the HVPE‐grown GaInP/GaInAsP dual‐junction solar cells show that the 1.5 eV GaInAsP solar cells are superior to the GaAs solar cells in terms of current matching for subcells in the III–V//Si triple‐junction structures.
How prenatal cortisol levels relate to grandmother‐mother relationships among a cohort of Latina women
Authors: Fox Molly M. , Knorr Delaney A. , Kwon Dayoon , Wiley Kyle S. , Parrish Michael H.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

As part of the human reproductive strategy, mothers receive childcare assistance from others. For kin, allomothers are adaptively incentivized to provide assistance due to inclusive fitness benefits. Previous studies across a broad range of populations identify grandmothers as particularly consistent allomothers. Minimal attention has been paid to the possibility that allomothers may begin investing in offspring quality during the prenatal stage of life. Here, we innovate within the area of grandmother allocare research by examining the prenatal stage of life and biopsychosocial mechanisms by which prenatal grandmother effects may be enacted.

Methods

Data derive from the Mothers' Cultural Experiences study, a cohort of 107 pregnant Latina women in Southern California. At <16 weeks' gestation, we administered questionnaires, collected morning urine samples, and measured cortisol by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, correcting for specific gravity. We measured the soon‐to‐be maternal and paternal grandmothers' relationship quality, social support, frequency of seeing each other, communicating, and geographic proximity to pregnant mothers, that is, their daughters and daughters‐in‐law. These measures were self‐reported by the pregnant mothers. We assessed how grandmother constructs related to the pregnant women's depression, stress, anxiety, and cortisol levels.

Results

We observed benefits conferred by maternal grandmothers for mothers' prenatal mental health and lower cortisol levels. Paternal grandmothers also conferred mental health benefits to pregnant daughters‐in‐law, but higher cortisol levels.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that grandmothers, especially maternal grandmothers, are able to improve their inclusive fitness by caring for pregnant daughters, and allomother support may positively impact prenatal health. This work extends the traditional cooperative breeding model by identifying a prenatal grandmother effect, and, by examining a maternal biomarker.
Determinants and clinical outcomes of stroke following revascularization among patients with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Wang Shaoping , Ran Yuhua , Cheng Shujuan , Lyu Yi , Liu Jinghua
Published: March 2023

Objective

Stoke after revascularization including both percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an uncommon but devastating complication. Patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF) had an increased risk of stroke after revascularization. However, little is known about the determinants and outcomes of stroke among patients with reduced EF following revascularization.

Materials and Methods

A cohort study of patients with preoperative reduced EF (≤40%) who received revascularization by either PCI or CABG between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2014 was performed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent correlates of stroke. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association of stroke with clinical outcomes.

Results

A total of 1937 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 111 (5.7%) patients suffered from stroke during the median 3.5‐year follow‐up. Older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05; p = .009), history of hypertension (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.18–2.73; p = .007), and history of stroke (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.19–3.36; p = .008) were found to be independent predictors for stroke. Patients with and without stroke had similar risk of all‐cause death (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.59–1.41; p = .670). However, stroke was associated with higher odds ratio of heart failure (HF) hospitalization (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.74–4.40; p < .001) and composite end point (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.07–2.42; p = .021).

Conclusions

Further research appears warranted to minimize the complication of stroke and improve long‐term outcomes among patients with reduced EF who underwent such high risk revascularization procedural.
Thrombocytosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in metastatic malignant peritoneal mesothelioma of biphasic morphology mimicking ovarian adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Alhamadh Moustafa S. , Alanazi Rakan B. , Wadaan Osama Mohaamad , Alhabeeb Abdulrahman Yousef , Alkaiyat Mohammad , Aljarbou Ohoud Zaid , Sabatin Fouad
Published: March 2023

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy, presenting with non‐specific and potentially‐misleading manifestations. It represents a diagnostic pitfall as it mimics ovarian carcinoma. Maintaining a low diagnostic threshold, obtaining a detailed history, and utilizing immunohistochemical markers to diagnose MPM is crucial as early diagnosis and treatment might improve survival.
Towards a Rational Design of Antibody‐Recruiting Molecules through a Computational Microscopy View of their Interactions with the Target Antibody
Authors: Uvyn Annemiek , Tonneaux Corentin , Fossépré Mathieu , Ouvrier‐Buffet Aude , De Geest Bruno G. , Surin Mathieu
Published: March 2023

Antibody recruiting molecules (ARMs) are an innovative class of chimeric molecules, consisting of an antibody‐binding ligand (ABL) and a target‐binding ligand (TBL). ARMs mediate ternary complex formation between a target cell of interest for elimination and endogenous antibodies that are present in human serum. Clustering of fragment crystallizable (Fc) domains on the surface of antibody‐bound cells mediate destruction of the target cell by innate immune effector mechanisms. ARMs are typically designed by conjugating small molecule haptens to a (macro)molecular scaffold, without considering the structure of the respective anti‐hapten antibody. Here we report on a computational molecular modeling methodology that allows for studying the close contacts between ARMs and the anti‐hapten antibody, considering (1) the spacer length between ABL and TBL; (2) the number of ABL and TBL, and (3) the molecular scaffold onto which these are positioned. Our model predicts the difference in binding modes of the ternary complex and predicts which ARMs are optimal recruiters. Avidity measurements of the ARM‐antibody complex and ARM‐mediated antibody recruitment to cell surfaces in vitro confirmed these computational modeling predictions. This kind of multiscale molecular modelling holds potential for design of drug molecules that rely on antibody binding for their mechanism of action.
Attachment, motivational systems and anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and proposed framework for eating disorders
Authors: Budia José Miguel , Alcover Carlos María , Fernández‐Muñoz Juan José , Blanco‐Fernández Ascensión , Félix‐Alcántara Miriam P.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

There is a direct association between patients with insecure attachment style (IAS), behavioural inhibition (BIS) and behavioural activation (BAS) motivational systems, and anorexia nervosa (AN). However, the possible direct relationships between these three variables have not been studied.

Objective

The main objective of this study is to analyse the relationship between these variables and propose a framework for analysing and understanding these relationships.

Methodology

A systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, searching the following terms: ‘anorexia’, ‘attachment’ and those related to motivational systems. The final search was limited to publications in English dated between 2014–2022 for ‘anorexia and attachment’ and 2010–2022 for ‘anorexia and BIS/BAS’.

Results

Of the 587 articles retrieved, 30 were included in this study for the textual data analysis of the relationship between anorexia and attachment (17), anorexia and motivational systems (10) and anorexia, attachment and motivational systems (3). An association between avoidant IAS, AN and hypersensitivity to punishment of the BIS was observed in the analysis. A relationship was also observed with hyperreinforcement sensitivity of the BAS. After reviewing the articles, a possible relationship between the three factors, along with other mediating factors, was found.

Discussion

AN is directly related to the avoidant IAS and to BIS. Similarly, bulimia nervosa (BN) was directly related with anxious IAS and BAS. However, contradictions were found in the BN–BAS relationship. This study proposes a framework for analysing and understanding these relationships.
Comprehensive review of battery charger structures of EVs and HEVs for levels 1–3
Authors: Berrehil El Kattel Menaouar , Mayer Robson , Ely Fernando , de Jesus Cardoso Filho Braz
Published: March 2023

As battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) gain popularity among the consumers, current research initiatives are targeted at developing battery charger structures that can exploit utility power to charge vehicle batteries and thus less dependent on fuel usage. This paper reviews the state of the art and implementation of battery charger structures, charger power levels, and the evolution of publications on electric vehicles in the digital libraries and Espacenet patent base. Charger systems addressed are categorized as a structure with a non‐isolated alternating current (AC)–direct current (DC) stage, structure with an isolated AC–DC stage, and structure with two non‐isolated stages. Advantages and disadvantages of each conductive battery charging structure have been discussed due to weight, volume, cost, necessary equipment, the complexity of topologies, and other factors. In addition, both off‐board and on‐board charger systems with unidirectional or bidirectional power flow are presented. Several electronic converters for power‐level chargers are being developed to allow plug‐in vehicles to be capable of vehicle to grid (V2G), where they can function as distributed resources and power can be returned to the grid.
Color, pH, microbiological, and sensory quality of crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) flour preserved with ginger and garlic extracts
Authors: Akullo Jolly Oder , Kiage‐Mokua Beatrice N. , Nakimbugwe Dorothy , Ng'ang'a Jeremiah , Kinyuru John
Published: March 2023

Although spices have been used in food for centuries, little is known about their use to preserve insect‐based foods. This study assessed the flour produced from blanched crickets treated with extracts of either ginger, garlic or both at a ratio of 1:4 (v/w) for color, pH, microbiological profile, sensory quality, and acceptability. Sodium benzoate treated and untreated cricket flour was used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The flour was stored at ambient conditions and analyzed on 0, 30, and 60 days of storage. The pH, moisture content and color change increased during storage but remained within acceptable limits. The total microbial count, yeast and molds significantly decreased with storage duration (p ˂ .05), while fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli were not detected in any of the samples. At the end of the 60‐day storage period, cricket flour treated with sodium benzoate and garlic extracts both had a significantly lowest population of yeast and molds (1.91 log cfu/g). On five point hedonic scale (1. Dislike extremely and 5. Like extremely), color (3.84 ± 0.86–2.55 ± 0.99), aroma (3.59 ± 1.09–2.40 ± 1.01), texture (4.11 ± 0.97–3.11 ± 0.97) and overall acceptability (3.77 ± 0.64–2.83 ± 1.01) sensory scores were all significantly high on day 0 and low on day 60 of storage, respectively. The study concluded that preserving crickets with garlic extracts significantly reduced the population of yeast and molds. Cricket flours were microbiologically safe and acceptable to consumers. Therefore, storage of cricket flour preserved with garlic and ginger extracts for longer periods is recommended. In addition, utilization of the preserved flour as an ingredient in different food applications is recommended to determine its suitability and sensory acceptability.