bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric Oxide Materials for Energy Conversion
Authors: Ekren Dursun , Azough Feridoon , Freer Robert
Published: November 2019

Thermoelectric modules used to convert thermal energy into electrical energy comprise multiple pairs of n-type and p-type elements connected in parallel thermally and in series electrically. They have been used in niche applications for over 60 years and are starting to gain more widespread acceptance. Traditional metallic thermoelectric materials are confined to modest temperature ranges and limited by cost, and their reliance on rare and sometimes toxic elements. Oxides, offering high temperature stability, along with lower cost and weight, and dependence on more environmentally friendly elements, have attracted increasing attention over the past 30 years. We review the developments of the main p-type and n-type thermoelectric oxides, their current status, the understanding gained from modelling, typical energy harvesting devices and future prospects. The materials are considered in terms of six main families: (i) misfit-layered cobaltites, (ii) ZnO-based materials, (iii) tungsten bronze structured oxides, (iv) CaMnO3, (v) TiO2/Magnéli phases and (vi) A-site deficient perovskites, including SrTiO3. The outlook for oxide thermoelectrics is promising if we can fully exploit available techniques to significantly enhance thermal-electric conversion efficiency and the temperature range of operation.
High-throughput determination of the organic matter content in soil and municipal sludge by headspace gas chromatography
Authors: Tu Xiaojie , Hu Zhanbo , Zhao Ting , Chai Xin-Sheng , Wang Jie , Chen Gang
Published: November 2019

This paper reports on a new headspace gas chromatographic technique for rapid determination of organic matter (OM) in soil and municipal sludge samples, based on a redox reaction, i.e., converting OM into CO2 by dichromate at an acidic medium.
Green synthesis of mesoporous MnNbOx oxide by a liquid induced self-assembly strategy for low-temperature removal of NOx
Authors: Cheng Huifang , Feng Guodong , Yang Zhenzhen , Wang Tao , Okejiri Francis , Tan Junbin , Zhao Minjie , Liu Jixing , Liu Jian , Zhao Zhen
Published: November 2019

A highly porous MnNbOx with excellent low-temperature NOx reduction was fabricated by a facile, sustainable ionic liquid induced self-assembly strategy.
Biocompatible off-stoichiometric copper indium sulfide quantum dots with tunable near-infrared emission via aqueous based synthesis
Authors: Jiao Mingxia , Huang Xiaodan , Ma Linzheng , Li Yun , Zhang Peisen , Wei Xiaojun , Jing Lihong , Luo Xiliang , Rogach Andrey L. , Gao Mingyuan
Published: November 2019

Off-stoichiometry effects on the near-infrared emission of the aqueous based biocompatible copper indium sulfide quantum dots are revealed.
Green separation of rare earth elements by valence-selective crystallization of MOFs
Authors: Yang Pengfei , Zhuang Qixin , Li Yongsheng , Gu Jinlou
Published: November 2019

A green valence-selective crystallization strategy of MOFs is developed for the precise separation of Ce element at room temperature.
A coumarin chalcone ratiometric fluorescent probe for hydrazine based on deprotection, addition and subsequent cyclization mechanism
Authors: Xing Miaomiao , Wang Kangnan , Wu Xiangwen , Ma Shuyue , Cao Duxia , Guan Ruifang , Liu Zhiqiang
Published: November 2019

A coumarin chalcone derivative with a levulinic acid terminal group acts as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for hydrazine based on deprotection, addition and a subsequent cyclization reaction mechanism.
Investigation on temperature-dependent electrical properties of La1−xAxCoO3 (A – La, Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)
Authors: Muraleedharan Sreepriya , Thiruvenkatam Vijayaraghavan , Karayi Simya Olavil , Karuppiah Kavitha , Jawahar Vigneshwaran , Ashok Anuradha M.
Published: November 2019

Surface of the sintered pellet of LaCoO3 and Cole–Cole plot revealing the contribution from grain and grain boundary on its electrical properties.
Bi-functional Mo and P co-doped ZnCo-LDH nanosheets as high performance electrocatalysts for boosting overall water splitting
Authors: Xie Miao , Jia Kai , Lu Jinnan , Zhao Rongda
Published: November 2019

To rationally construct electrode structures with high activity is very significant for bi-functionalization conversion systems.
Unraveling the origin of the “Turn-On” effect of Al-MIL-53-NO2 during H2S detection
Authors: Zhu Zan , He Xiang , Wang Wei-Ning
Published: November 2019

Real fluorophores were found in nitro-functionalized metal–organic frameworks for H2S detection using a representative MOF, Al-MIL-53-NO2.
Heterogeneous hydrogenation of phenylalkynes with parahydrogen: hyperpolarization, reaction selectivity, and kinetics
Authors: Pokochueva Ekaterina V. , Kovtunov Kirill V. , Salnikov Oleg G. , Gemeinhardt Max E. , Kovtunova Larisa M. , Bukhtiyarov Valerii I. , Chekmenev Eduard Y. , Goodson Boyd M. , Koptyug Igor V.
Published: November 2019

Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is a powerful technique for studying hydrogenation reactions in both gas and liquid phases.
Structural and reorientational dynamics of tetrahydroborate (BH4−) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in a Mg(BH4)2·3THF adduct: neutron-scattering characterization
Authors: Dimitrievska Mirjana , Chong Marina , Bowden Mark E. , Wu Hui , Zhou Wei , Nayyar Iffat , Ginovska Bojana , Gennett Thomas , Autrey Tom , Jensen Craig M. , Udovic Terrence J.
Published: November 2019

Physicochemical properties of the THF-rich magnesium borohydride adduct are investigated for potential hydrogen storage applications.
How to calculate charge mobility in molecular materials from surface hopping non-adiabatic molecular dynamics – beyond the hopping/band paradigm
Authors: Carof Antoine , Giannini Samuele , Blumberger Jochen
Published: November 2019

We present an efficient surface hopping approach tailored to study charge transport in high mobility organic semiconductors and discuss key improvements with regard to decoherence, trivial crossings and spurious charge transfer.
Structure and dynamics of water in molecular models of hydrated polyvinylamine membranes
Authors: Fayon Pierre , Sarkisov Lev
Published: November 2019

Relation between the structural properties of a polyvinylamine membrane and the mobility of water as a function of hydration.
Dopamine oxidation at gold electrodes: mechanism and kinetics near neutral pH
Authors: Bacil Raphael P. , Chen Lifu , Serrano Silvia H. P. , Compton Richard G.
Published: November 2019

The two-electron electrochemical oxidation of dopamine is studied voltammetrically at Gold macroelectrodes around neutral pH with simulations used to give kinetic and mechanistic data.
Chemical fixation of CO2 into cyclic carbonates catalyzed by bimetal mixed MOFs: the role of the interaction between Co and Zn
Authors: Wu Yuanfeng , Song Xianghai , Xu Siquan , Chen Yuan , Oderinde Olayinka , Gao Lijing , Wei Ruiping , Xiao Guomin
Published: November 2019

Catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into cyclic carbonates in the presence of bimetal mixed MOFs.
Self-assembled Ti3C2 MXene and N-rich porous carbon hybrids as superior anodes for high-performance potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Ruizheng , Di Haoxiang , Hui Xiaobin , Zhao Danyang , Wang Rutao , Wang Chengxiang , Yin Longwei
Published: November 2019

The novel PDDA-NPCNs/Ti3C2 hybrids via an electrostatic attraction self-assembly approach effectively accelerate reaction kinetics and improve electrochemical performance as PIBs anodes.
Effective removal of Pb(ii) from synthetic wastewater using Ti3C2Tx MXene
Authors: Jun Byung-Moon , Her Namguk , Park Chang Min , Yoon Yeomin
Published: November 2019

MXene (Ti3C2Tx) was used to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions; we focused principally on Pb(ii) adsorption by MXene using several performance tests and various forms of characterization.
Rhodium-terpyridine catalyzed redox-neutral depolymerization of lignin in water
Authors: Liu Yuxuan , Li Changzhi , Miao Wang , Tang Weijun , Xue Dong , Xiao Jianliang , Zhang Tao , Wang Chao
Published: November 2019

Simple rhodium terpyridine complexes were found to be suitable catalysts for the redox neutral cleavage of lignin in water.
Soft, skin-interfaced microfluidic systems with integrated enzymatic assays for measuring the concentration of ammonia and ethanol in sweat
Authors: Kim Sung Bong , Koo Jahyun , Yoon Jangryeol , Hourlier-Fargette Aurélie , Lee Boram , Chen Shulin , Jo Seongbin , Choi Jungil , Oh Yong Suk , Lee Geumbee , Won Sang Min , Aranyosi Alexander J. , Lee Stephen P. , Model Jeffrey B. , Braun Paul V. , Ghaffari Roozbeh , Park Chulwhan , Rogers John A.
Published: November 2019

Soft microfluidics with reference reactions enable quantitative sweat ammonia–ethanol assay.
Bio-inspired photonic crystal patterns
Authors: Wu Pingping , Wang Jingxia , Jiang Lei
Published: November 2019

In this review, the recent research progress in bio-inspired PC patterns is presented including preparation strategies, functionality evolution and various applications.
Single molecule magnet behavior and magnetic refrigeration of four tetranuclear lanthanide (Ln = GdIII, TbIII, DyIII) clusters
Authors: Yu Hong , Cao Jia-Miao , Zhang Jun-Rui , Li Rui-Cong , Cheng Yan , Yang Chen , Hou Yin-Ling , Fang Ming
Published: November 2019

Four lanthanide complexes were fabricated and characterized. 1 and 4 exhibit a cryogenic magnetic refrigeration property and 3 displays slow relaxation of magnetization.
Anti-pseudo-allergic capacity of alkaloids screened from Uncaria rhynchophylla
Authors: Xie Yitong , Wei Di , Hu Tian , Hou Yajing , Lin Yuanyuan , He Huaizhen , Wang Cheng
Published: November 2019

Two alkaloids were screened from Uncaria rhynchophylla (UR) by MRGPRX2-HEK293/CMC model and showed anti-pseudo-allergic effects in vivo and in vitro, which may provide evidence for anti-pseudo-allergic effects and bioactivity development of UR.
3-Amino-1-propanol and N-methylaminoethanol: coordination to zinc(ii) vs. decomposition to ammonia
Authors: Podjed Nina , Stare Petra , Korošec Romana Cerc , Alcaide María M. , López-Serrano Joaquín , Modec Barbara
Published: November 2019

The coordination of amino alcohols 3-amino-1-propanol and N-methylaminoethanol to zinc(ii) and their decomposition to ammonia were investigated.
Self-assembly of spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles with full positional control
Authors: Lloyd Julian A. , Liu Yawei , Ng Soon Hock , Thai Thibaut , Gómez Daniel E. , Widmer-Cooper Asaph , Bach Udo
Published: November 2019

Fabricate nanoparticle dimers with a spherical particle either at the tip, the side or on top of a nanorod.
Self-assembly of liquid crystals in nanoporous solids for adaptive photonic metamaterials
Authors: Sentker Kathrin , Yildirim Arda , Lippmann Milena , Zantop Arne W. , Bertram Florian , Hofmann Tommy , Seeck Oliver H. , Kityk Andriy V. , Mazza Marco G. , Schönhals Andreas , Huber Patrick
Published: November 2019

X-ray scattering and optical polarimetry evidence in agreement with Monte Carlo computer simulations that confinement-controlled self-assembly of liquid crystals in nanopores allows for designing photonic metamaterials with adaptive birefringence.
Stoichiometric imbalance-promoted step-growth polymerization based on self-accelerating 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition click reactions
Authors: Liu Xianfeng , Xiang Lue , Li Jiayi , Wu Ying , Zhang Ke
Published: November 2019

A stoichiometric imbalance-promoted step growth polymerization method was developed based on self-accelerating 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition click reactions of Sondheimer diyne and varied 1,3-dipoles, such as diazo, sydnone, and nitrone groups.
The blocky structure of Ziegler–Natta “random” copolymers: myths and experimental evidence
Authors: De Rosa Claudio , Ruiz de Ballesteros Odda , Di Girolamo Rocco , Malafronte Anna , Auriemma Finizia , Talarico Giovanni , Scoti Miriam
Published: November 2019

When Ziegler–Natta catalysts synthesize “random” copolymers, they give multiblocks copolymers. Chains of butene–ethylene copolymers contain blocks with long and short butene sequences that crystallize in forms II and I of iPB, respectively.
Elucidation of the properties of discrete oligo(meth)acrylates
Authors: Haven Joris J. , De Neve Jeroen , Castro Villavicencio Andres , Junkers Tanja
Published: November 2019

Discrete (monodisperse) methyl methacrylate (MMA) and di(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether acrylate (DEGEEA) oligomer libraries are generated via a 2-step process of RAFT polymerization and chromatographic separation.
Solid–solid interface growth of conductive metal–organic framework nanowire arrays and their supercapacitor application
Authors: Du Xing , Zhang Jianing , Wang Huali , Huang Zhaohui , Guo Ankang , Zhao Lei , Niu Yue , Li Xianglong , Wu Bin , Liu Yunqi
Published: November 2019

A dual-temperature zone CVD-assisted approach is developed for producing conductive porous metal catecholate MOF Cu3(HHTP)2 nanowire arrays that are grown on the interface between a solid Cu foil and a solid organic precursor.
Spectroscopic studies of the optical properties of carbon dots: recent advances and future prospects
Authors: Zhao Qingnan , Song Wei , Zhao Bing , Yang Bai
Published: November 2019

We highlight the recent advances and future prospects of the spectroscopic studies of the optical properties of carbon dots.
Correction: Protein patterns template arrays of magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Nayak Srikanth , Zhang Honghu , Liu Xunpei , Feng Shuren , Palo Pierre , Nilsen-Hamilton Marit , Akinc Mufit , Mallapragada Surya
Published: November 2019

Correction for ‘Protein patterns template arrays of magnetic nanoparticles’ by Srikanth Nayak et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 57048–57056.
Exploiting the versatile alkyne-based chemistry for expanding the applications of a stable triphenylmethyl organic radical on surfaces
Authors: de Sousa J. Alejandro , Bejarano Francesc , Gutiérrez Diego , Leroux Yann R. , Nowik-Boltyk Ewa Malgorzata , Junghoefer Tobias , Giangrisostomi Erika , Ovsyannikov Ruslan , Casu Maria Benedetta , Veciana Jaume , Mas-Torrent Marta , Fabre Bruno , Rovira Concepció , Crivillers Núria
Published: November 2019

Triphenylmethyl organic radicals functionalized with terminal alkyne groups open new avenues for their implementation as multifunctional surfaces.
Effect of grafting density on the self-assembly of side-chain discotic liquid crystalline polymers with triphenylene discogens
Authors: Wu Mei , Gong Minqing , Zhou Dongshan , Wang Rong , Chen Dongzhong
Published: November 2019

The self-assembly of triphenylene (TP)-based side-chain discotic liquid crystalline polymers (SDLCPs) with different grafting densities was investigated by using the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method.
Fe nanodot-decorated MoS2 nanosheets on carbon cloth: an efficient and flexible electrode for ambient ammonia synthesis
Authors: Zhao Xinhui , Zhang Xu , Xue Zhimin , Chen Wenjun , Zhou Zhen , Mu Tiancheng
Published: November 2019

Fe nanodot-decorated MoS2 nanosheets on carbon cloth (Fe–MoS2/CC) was rationally designed as an efficient and flexible electrode for the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction at ambient temperature.
A label-free aptasensor FET based on Au nanoparticle decorated Co3O4nanorods and a SWCNT layer for detection of cardiac troponin T protein
Authors: Surya Sandeep G. , Majhi Sanjit M. , Agarwal Dilip K. , Lahcen Abdellatif Ait , Yuvaraja Saravanan , Chappanda Karumbaiah N. , Salama Khaled N.
Published: November 2019

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious health problem that must be identified in its early stages. Here, we report a FET device with combination of novel nanomaterials and SWCNTS for the detection of Troponin-T.
Regulation of plasma glycero-lysophospholipid levels by lipoprotein metabolism
Authors: Kurano Makoto , Kano Kuniyuki , Hara Masumi , Tsukamoto Kazuhisa , Aoki Junken , Yatomi Yutaka
Published: November 2019

Glycero-lysophospholipids, such as lysophosphatidic acids and lysophosphatidylserine, are gathering attention, since specific receptors have been identified. Most of these compounds have been proposed to be bound to albumin, while their associations with lipoproteins have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the contents of glycero-lysophospholipids (lysophosphatidic acids, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidylinositol, and lysophosphatidylserine) on lipoproteins and the modulation of their metabolism by lipoprotein metabolism. We observed that moderate amounts of glycero-lysophospholipids, with the exception of lysophosphatidylserine, were distributed on the LDL and HDL fractions, and glycero-lysophospholipids that had bound to albumin were observed in lipoprotein fractions when they were co-incubated. The overexpression of cholesteryl ester transfer protein decreased the plasma levels of lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylglycerol, and lysophosphatidylinositol and it increased their contents in apoB-containing lipoproteins, while it decreased their contents in HDL and lipoprotein-depleted fractions in mice. The overexpression of the LDL receptor (LDLr) decreased the plasma levels of lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylglycerol, and lysophosphatidylinositol and decreased the contents of these compounds in the LDL, HDL, and lipoprotein-depleted fractions, while the knockdown of the LDLr increased them. These results suggest the potential importance of glycero-lysophospholipids in the pleiotropic effects of lipoproteins as well as the importance of lipoprotein metabolism in the regulation of glycero-lysophospholipids.
Corosolic acid ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy via regulating autophagy
Authors: Wang Zhao-Peng , Shen Difei , Che Yan , Jin Ya-Ge , Wang Sha-Sha , Wu Qing-Qing , Zhou Heng , Meng Yan-Yan , Yuan Yuan
Published: November 2019

Aim: In this work, we explored the role of corosolic acid (CRA) during pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Methods and results: Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in mice by aortic banding. Four weeks post-surgery, CRA-treated mice developed blunted cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction, and showed increased LC3 II and p-AMPK expression. In line with the in vivo studies, CRA also inhibited the hypertrophic response induced by PE stimulation accompanying with increased LC3 II and p-AMPK expression. It was also found that CRA blunted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and promoted autophagy in Angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated H9c2 cells. Moreover, to further verify whether CRA inhibits cardiac hypertrophy by the activation of autophagy, blockade of autophagy was achieved by CQ (an inhibitor of the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes) or 3-MA (an inhibitor of autophagosome formation). It was found that autophagy inhibition counteracts the protective effect of CRA on cardiac hypertrophy. Interestingly, AMPK knockdown with AMPKα2 siRNA-counteracted LC3 II expression increase and the hypertrophic response inhibition caused by CRA in PE-treated H9c2 cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that CRA may protect against cardiac hypertrophy through regulating AMPK-dependent autophagy.
CircZFR serves as a prognostic marker to promote bladder cancer progression by regulating miR-377/ZEB2 signaling
Authors: Zhang Wen-Yuan , Liu Qing-Hong , Wang Tie-Jun , Zhao Jun , Cheng Xiao-Hua , Wang Jin-Shan
Published: November 2019

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as crucial regulators of gene expression in human cancer biology. CircZFR is a novel identified circRNA and its effect in bladder cancer remains unclearly. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of circZFR in the progression of bladder cancer. First, we demonstrated that the expression of circZFR was higher in bladder cancer tissues and cells compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues and normal bladder epithelial cells. And higher circZFR levels were positively correlated with bladder cancer patients’ pathological T stage, grade, lymphatic metastasis, recurrence, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Functionally, knockdown of circZFR could significantly prohibit cell growth, migration and invasion, arrest cell cycle as well as promote apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in vitro study. Mechanistically, we observed that circZFR could directly bind to miR-377 as sponge to promote ZEB2 expression in bladder cancer cells. In addition, rescue assays demonstrated that restoration of ZEB2 significantly impaired the suppressive effects of circZFR silencing on bladder cancer cells growth, migration and invasion. Taken together, our results illuminated that circZFR could be a prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer and exerted oncogenic roles through regulating miR-377/ZEB2 axis in bladder cancer, which indicated that circZFR could be a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer patients treatment.
A conserved mechanism of sirtuin signalling through steroid hormone receptors
Authors: Bayele Henry K.
Published: November 2019

SIRT1 and orthologous sirtuins regulate a universal mechanism of ageing and thus determine lifespan across taxa; however, the precise mechanism remains vexingly polemical. They also protect against many metabolic and ageing-related diseases by dynamically integrating several processes including autophagy, proteostasis, calorie restriction, circadian rhythmicity and metabolism. These sirtuins are therefore important drug targets particularly because they also transduce allosteric signals from sirtuin-activating compounds such as resveratrol into increased healthspan in evolutionarily diverse organisms. While many of these functions are apparently regulated by deacetylation, that mechanism may not be all-encompassing. Since gonadal signals have been shown to regulate ageing/lifespan in worms and flies, the present study hypothesized that these sirtuins may act as intermediary factors for steroid hormone signal transduction. Accordingly, SIRT1 and its orthologues, Sir2 and Sir-2.1, are shown to be veritable nuclear receptor coregulators that classically coactivate the oestrogen receptor in the absence of ligand; coactivation was further increased by 17β-oestradiol. Remarkably in response to the worm steroid hormone dafachronic acid, SIRT1 reciprocally coactivates DAF-12, the steroid receptor that regulates nematode lifespan. These results suggest that steroid hormones may co-opt and modulate a phyletically conserved mechanism of sirtuin signalling through steroid receptors. Hence, it is interesting to speculate that certain sirtuin functions including prolongevity and metabolic regulation may be mechanistically linked to this endocrine signalling pathway; this may also have implications for understanding the determinative role of gonadal steroids such as oestradiol in human ageing. At its simplest, this report shows evidence for a hitherto unknown deacetylation-independent mechanism of sirtuin signalling.
Feasibility of Acupuncture to Induce Sleep for Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response Testing
Authors: Holmer Nicole , Artola Elizabeth , Christianson Erin , Lynn Anne M. , Whitlock Kathryn B. , Norton Susan
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) testing is often performed under general anesthesia for children unable to complete behavioral audiologic evaluation. Alternatively, acupuncture treatment may be considered appropriate for BAER. Reports of acupuncture treatment in pediatric patients are scarce but are needed to demonstrate effectiveness. This study had 2 main objectives: (a) to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of acupuncture to achieve sleep to perform diagnostic BAER testing in medically complex (Cohort I) and nonmedically complex (Cohort II) children and (b) to assess acceptability to parents and audiologists of acupuncture as an alternative to anesthesia for BAER testing.

Method

A prospective feasibility study at Seattle Children's Hospital Outpatient Audiology Clinic from August 2015 through December 2018 was performed. A total of 31 pediatric patients were included. The median age for Cohort I was 29 months (interquartile range: 19–37 months), and the median age for Cohort II was 25.5 months (interquartile range: 16–32 months). Variables included number of BAER thresholds obtained, sleep indicators, and acceptability. The cost of BAER with acupuncture and the cost of BAER under anesthesia were compared.

Results

Acupuncture treatment effectively contributed to an adequate sleep state to obtain BAER results for most patients in both cohorts. Across cohorts, most patients (81%) fell asleep after acupuncture treatment. Complete test results were obtained in 48% of patients. Audiologists and parents reported high satisfaction rates with this procedure (87%). There were no adverse safety effects. Acupuncture treatment was less costly than anesthesia for BAER testing.

Conclusions

Acupuncture to induce sleep for BAER testing is effective, safe, and cost-efficient in small samples of medically and nonmedically complex pediatric patients. This procedure allowed earlier detection of hearing status and avoided potential adverse effects of anesthesia. Audiologists and parents reported that acupuncture treatment was an acceptable alternative to anesthesia for the BAER procedure.
Listening Effort Among Adults With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Taitelbaum-Swead Riki , Kozol Zvi , Fostick Leah
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Few studies have assessed listening effort (LE)—the cognitive resources required to perceive speech—among populations with intact hearing but reduced availability of cognitive resources. Attention/deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is theorized to restrict attention span, possibly making speech perception in adverse conditions more challenging. This study examined the effect of ADHD on LE among adults using a behavioral dual-task paradigm (DTP).

Method

Thirty-nine normal-hearing adults (aged 21–27 years) participated: 19 with ADHD (ADHD group) and 20 without ADHD (control group). Baseline group differences were measured in visual and auditory attention as well as speech perception. LE using DTP was assessed as the performance difference on a visual–motor task versus a simultaneous auditory and visual–motor task.

Results

Group differences in attention were confirmed by differences in visual attention (larger reaction times between congruent and incongruent conditions) and auditory attention (lower accuracy in the presence of distractors) among the ADHD group, compared to the controls. LE was greater among the ADHD group than the control group. Nevertheless, no group differences were found in speech perception.

Conclusions

LE is increased among those with ADHD. As a DTP assumes limited cognitive capacity to allocate attentional resources, LE among those with ADHD may be increased because higher level cognitive processes are more taxed in this population. Studies on LE using a DTP should take into consideration mechanisms of selective and divided attention. Among young adults who need to continuously process great volumes of auditory and visual information, much more effort may be expended by those with ADHD than those without it. As a result, those with ADHD may be more prone to fatigue and irritability, similar to those who are engaged in more outwardly demanding tasks.
Maximizing Expertise and Collaboration to Support Students With Brain Injury: A Case Study in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Salley Jessica , Krusen Sarah , Lockovich Margaret , Wilson Bethany , Eagan-Johnson Brenda , Tyler Janet
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Through a hypothetical case study, this article aimed to describe an evidence-based approach for speech-language pathologists in managing students with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly within a formal statewide-supported school-based brain injury team model, such as the BrainSTEPS Brain Injury School Consulting Program operating in Pennsylvania and Colorado.

Conclusion

Upon transitioning from the medical setting back to school, children with TBI present with unique educational needs. Children with moderate-to-severe TBIs can demonstrate a range of strengths and deficits in speech, language, cognition, and feeding and swallowing, impacting their participation in various school activities. The specialized education, training, and insight of speech-language pathologists, in collaboration with multidisciplinary medical and educational team members, can enable the success of students with TBI when transitioning back to school postinjury (
DePompei & Blosser, 2019
;
DePompei & Tyler, 2018
). This transition should focus on educational planning, implementation of strategies and supports, and postsecondary planning for vocations or higher education.
Transgender and Nonbinary Adolescents: The Role of Voice and Communication Therapy
Authors: Russell Meredith R. , Abrams Mere
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Current literature to describe the role of voice and communication therapy in gender-affirming interdisciplinary care for transgender and nonbinary adolescents is very limited. As a result, professionals providing voice and communication therapy are not always integrated into gender clinics and treatment plans for patients seeking gender-affirming care. Using case studies to demonstrate the complexity and nuance of gender-affirming care, this clinical focus article provides education about gender identity, gender expression, and gender roles as well as rationale and outcomes for voice and communication therapy with transgender and nonbinary adolescents.

Conclusion

An interdisciplinary and gender-affirming approach is critical for adolescent voice and speech therapy success. Given the state of transgender health care and need for evidence-based interventions, this clinical focus article addresses gaps in training and research by recommending an interdisciplinary and culturally responsive approach to voice and communication therapy with transgender and nonbinary adolescents.
Investigation on thermally aged natural ester oil for real‐time monitoring and analysis of transformer insulation
Authors: Amalanathan Arputhasamy Joseph , Sarathi Ramanujam , Prakash Swayam , Mishra Ashok Kumar , Gautam Ribhu , Vinu Ravikrishnan
Published: November 2019

Thermal aging of natural ester oil shows drastic reduction in partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) and a significant variation is observed only above a certain aging time, under AC, DC, high frequency AC voltages and with harmonic voltages with different total harmonic distortion. Weibull distribution studies on PDIV measurements indicate a reduction in scale parameter (α) with increase in thermal aging temperature. A characteristic reduction in breakdown voltage was observed with the thermally aged ester oil, under AC, DC and standard lightning impulse voltage. The breakdown voltage variation with aged ester oil follows normal distribution. Ultraviolet (UV) analysis of ester oil thermally aged at 160°C has revealed a regular shift of the derived absorbance parameter to longer wavelengths. The interfacial tension and turbidity exhibits an inverse relationship with the thermally aged ester oil. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis of the thermally aged ester oil predicted the formation of more carboxylic acids and ketones with aging duration. The steady‐state fluorescence on thermally aged ester oil exhibits a shift in its emission profile, which is in tandem with the UV absorption spectroscopic analysis. Fluorescence analysis can be adopted as a real‐time monitoring tool in transformers, to understand the condition of liquid insulation. The viscosity dependence on the wavelength of derivative absorption maxima follows a direct relationship with the thermally aged natural ester oil.
Active contour image segmentation model with de‐hazing constraints
Authors: Ali Haider , Sher Awal , Saeed Maryam , Rada Lavdie
Published: November 2019

Images captured in hazy or foggy weather conditions can be seriously degraded by scattering of atmospheric particles, which makes the objects and their features difficult to be identified by computer vision systems. In the past decades, image de‐hazing is used to remove the influence of weather factors and improve image visualisation in hazy scenes by providing easy image post‐processing towards human assistance systems benefit. In this study, the authors present a variational segmentation model equipped with de‐hazing constraint terms in a new coupled dehazing‐segmentation model. The proposed hybrid formulation not only recovers/restores the fog/haze degradation but at the same time segments image degraded object/objects by solving in this way the difficulties of simultaneously performed dehazing and segmentation pre/post‐processing. This combination takes into account the image structure boundaries and the image quality, leading in this way to a robust dehazing segmentation scheme. The advantages of the proposed method are the suitability of the model for grey and vector‐valued images, a small number of parameters involved, and a rather good speed of the algorithm. Experiments show that their approach outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in terms of segmentation accuracy while avoiding a dehazing preprocessing which reflects an extended CPU time.
KiDS+VIKING-450: Cosmic shear tomography with optical and infrared data
Authors: Hildebrandt H. , Köhlinger F. , van den Busch J. L. , Joachimi B. , Heymans C. , Kannawadi A. , Wright A. H. , Asgari M. , Blake C. , Hoekstra H. , Joudaki S. , Kuijken K. , Miller L. , Morrison C. B. , Tröster T. , Amon A. , Archidiacono M. , Brieden S. , Choi A. , de Jong J. T. A. , Erben T. , Giblin B. , Mead A. , Peacock J. A. , Radovich M. , Schneider P. , Sifón C. , Tewes M.
Published: November 2019

We present a tomographic cosmic shear analysis of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) combined with the VISTA Kilo-Degree Infrared Galaxy Survey. This is the first time that a full optical to near-infrared data set has been used for a wide-field cosmological weak lensing experiment. This unprecedented data, spanning 450 deg2, allows us to significantly improve the estimation of photometric redshifts, such that we are able to include robustly higher-redshift sources for the lensing measurement, and – most importantly – to solidify our knowledge of the redshift distributions of the sources. Based on a flat ΛCDM model we findS8≡ σ8Ωm/0.3 = 0.737+0.040−0.036in a blind analysis from cosmic shear alone. The tension between KiDS cosmic shear and the Planck-Legacy CMB measurements remains in this systematically more robust analysis, withS8differing by 2.3σ. This result is insensitive to changes in the priors on nuisance parameters for intrinsic alignment, baryon feedback, and neutrino mass. KiDS shear measurements are calibrated with a new, more realistic set of image simulations and no significant B-modes are detected in the survey, indicating that systematic errors are under control. When calibrating our redshift distributions by assuming the 30-band COSMOS-2015 photometric redshifts are correct (following the Dark Energy Survey and the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey), we find the tension withPlanckis alleviated. The robust determination of source redshift distributions remains one of the most challenging aspects for future cosmic shear surveys.
Idealised simulations of the deep atmosphere of hot Jupiters
Authors: Sainsbury-Martinez F. , Wang P. , Fromang S. , Tremblin P. , Dubos T. , Meurdesoif Y. , Spiga A. , Leconte J. , Baraffe I. , Chabrier G. , Mayne N. , Drummond B. , Debras F.
Published: November 2019

Context. The anomalously large radii of hot Jupiters has long been a mystery. However, by combining both theoretical arguments and 2D models, a recent study has suggested that the vertical advection of potential temperature leads to a hotter adiabatic temperature profile in the deep atmosphere than the profile obtained with standard 1D models.

Aims. In order to confirm the viability of that scenario, we extend this investigation to 3D, time-dependent models.

Methods. We use a 3D general circulation model DYNAMICO to perform a series of calculations designed to explore the formation and structure of the driving atmospheric circulations, and detail how it responds to changes in both the upper and deep atmospheric forcing.

Results. In agreement with the previous, 2D study, we find that a hot adiabat is the natural outcome of the long-term evolution of the deep atmosphere. Integration times of the order of 1500 yr are needed for that adiabat to emerge from an isothermal atmosphere, explaining why it has not been found in previous hot Jupiter studies. Models initialised from a hotter deep atmosphere tend to evolve faster toward the same final state. We also find that the deep adiabat is stable against low-levels of deep heating and cooling, as long as the Newtonian cooling timescale is longer than ~3000 yr at 200 bar.

Conclusions. We conclude that steady-state vertical advection of potential temperature by deep atmospheric circulations constitutes a robust mechanism to explain the inflated radii of hot Jupiters. We suggest that future models of hot Jupiters be evolved for a longer time than currently done, and when possible that models initialised with a hot deep adiabat be included. We stress that this mechanism stems from the advection of entropy by irradiation-induced mass flows and does not require a (finely tuned) dissipative process, in contrast with most previously suggested scenarios.
The origin of the high metallicity of close-in giant exoplanets
Authors: Shibata Sho , Helled Ravit , Ikoma Masahiro
Published: November 2019

Context. Recent studies suggest that in comparison to their host star, many giant exoplanets are highly enriched with heavy elements and can contain several tens of Earth masses of heavy elements or more. Such enrichment is considered to have been delivered by the accretion of planetesimals in late formation stages. Previous dynamical simulations, however, have shown that planets cannot accrete such high masses of heavy elements through “in situ” planetesimal accretion.

Aims. We investigate whether a giant planet migrating inward can capture planetesimals efficiently enough to significantly increase its metallicity.

Methods. We performed orbital integrations of a migrating giant planet and planetesimals in a protoplanetary gas disc to infer the planetesimal mass that is accreted by the planet.

Results. We find that the two shepherding processes of mean motion resonance trapping and aerodynamic gas drag inhibit the planetesimal capture of a migrating planet. However, the amplified libration allows the highly-excited planetesimals in the resonances to escape from the resonance trap and to be accreted by the planet. Consequently, we show that a migrating giant planet captures planetesimals with total mass of several tens of Earth masses if the planet forms at a few tens of AU in a relatively massive disc. We also find that planetesimal capture occurs efficiently in a limited range of semi-major axis and that the total captured planetesimal mass increases with increasing migration distances. Our results have important implications for understanding the relation between giant planet metallicity and mass, as we suggest that it reflects the formation location of the planet – or more precisely, the location where runaway gas accretion occurred. We also suggest the observed metal-rich close-in Jupiters migrated to their present locations from afar, where they had initially formed.
The chemistry of stars in the bar of the Milky Way
Authors: Wegg C. , Rojas-Arriagada A. , Schultheis M. , Gerhard O.
Published: November 2019

We use a sample of 938 red clump giant stars located in the direction of the Galactic long bar to study the chemistry of Milky Way bar stars. Kinematically separating stars on bar orbits from stars with inner disc orbits, we find that stars on bar-like orbits are more metal rich with a mean iron abundance of ⟨[Fe/H]⟩ = +0.30 compared to ⟨[Fe/H]⟩ = +0.03 for the inner disc. Spatially selecting bar stars is complicated by a strong vertical metallicity gradient of −1.1 dex kpc−1, but we find the metallicity distribution varies in a manner consistent with our orbital selection. Our results have two possible interpretations. The first is that the most metal rich stars in the inner Galaxy pre-existed the bar, but were kinematically cold at the time of bar formation and therefore more easily captured onto bar orbits when the bar formed. The second is that the most metal rich stars formed after the bar, either directly onto the bar following orbits or were captured by the bar after their formation.
Swinging-Flashlight-Test – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Demberg Lilian , Ehrt Oliver
Published: November 2019

Die Abklärung unklarer Sehstörungen ist ein schwieriger Prozess. Dem Swinging-Flashlight-Test kommt aufgrund fehlender Invasivität, schneller Durchführbarkeit und seinem großen differenzialdiagnostischen Wert eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Abklärung unklarer Sehstörungen zu – vorausgesetzt er wird korrekt durchgeführt.
Möglichkeiten der vaskularisierten Knochentransplantationen bei Defektpseudarthrosen an ausgewählten Beispielen der oberen Extremität
Authors: Evers Saskia Carolin , Daigeler Adrien , Wahler Theodora
Published: November 2019

Eine über 6 Monate nach Trauma bestehende ausbleibende Knochenbruchheilung wird in der Literatur als Pseudarthrose definiert. Die Inzidenz liegt zwischen 1 und 5%, abhängig von der Frakturlokalisation 1. In der Frühphase kann bei ausreichender Stabilität der Fraktur ein konservativer Therapieversuch unternommen werden. Die operative Therapie sollte anhand der Pathophysiologie und Morphologie der Pseudarthrose gewählt werden. Steht eine Minderdurchblutung der Frakturzone im Vordergrund kann die Durchblutungssituation zunächst durch das Anfrischen der Frakturenden, durch eine Spongiosaplastik, aber bspw. auch durch die Verwendung eines vaskularisierten Knochenspans verbessert werden 2. Die freie gestielte Fibulatransplantation spielt bei einer langstreckigen Defektpseudarthrose des Unterarmes die Methode der Wahl dar. Der kortikoperiostale Lappen der medialen Femurkondyle bietet mit seinen osteogenen Potenzen eine gute Alternative bei kleinen Defekten oder anatomisch anspruchsvollen Empfängerregionen. Bei kleinen knöchernen oder ausgeprägten Weichteildefekten finden der vaskularisierte Beckenkammspan sowie die Transplantation der medialen oder lateralen Skapula Verwendung. Bei einer persistierenden Kahnbeinpseudarthrose bieten sich als vaskularisierte Rekonstruktionsmöglichkeiten sowohl der gefäßgestielte dorsale oder palmare Radiusspan als auch der freie kortikospongiöse mediale Femurspan an.
Lp(a): der akzeptierte unabhängige Risikofaktor
Authors: Schettler Volker
Published: November 2019

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) besteht aus einem LDL-Partikel, an dem über das Apolipoprotein B100 des Partikels eine Disulfidbrücke zu einem Apolipoprotein(a) besteht (
Abb. 1
). Obwohl Lp(a) bereits 1963 von Berg et al. erstmals als „lipoprotein associated antigen“ entdeckt 1 und schon früh ein Zusammenhang mit kardiovaskulären Ereignissen diskutiert wurde 2, konnten diese Annahmen der klinischen Eigenschaften erst deutlich später im Rahmen von epidemiologischen Evaluationen bestätigt werden 3, 4. Ab einer Lp(a)-Konzentration von über 30 mg/dl (> 75 nmol/l) besteht ein nahezu linearer Zusammenhang zwischen dem Anstieg der Lp(a)-Konzentration und kardiovaskulären Ereignissen wie Myokardinfarkt und das Risiko für eine Aortenklappenstenose 3, 4.
Lipoma arborescens – Uncommon Diagnosis for Joint Swelling: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Theermann Ralf , Ohlmeier Malte , Hartwig Carl Heinz , Wolff Matthias , Krenn Veit , Liewen Caroline , Citak Mustafa , Gehrke Thorsten
Published: November 2019

Introduction Soft tissue swelling of the knee joint can be caused by many diseases. Lipomas are one of the most reasonable differential diagnoses we have to consider. Therefore, we now present the uncommon case of a Lipoma arborescens (LA) and differentiate it from a quite similar manifesting spindle cell lipoma as follows.

Case Report A 49-years old patient reports about progressive knee pain for four years and observes an increasing joint swelling. This swelling is a soft tissue, shiftable tumour, not painful. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast agent brings the diagnosis of an advanced osteoarthritis of the knee joint and classifies the tumour as LA. Subsequently, we treat the osteoarthritis by implanting a total knee arthroplasty with simultaneous intraoperative tumour resection performed as total synovectomy. The histopathological processing confirms the clinically and radiologically made diagnosis of LA.

Summary Lipoma arborescens presents an uncommon subgroup of Lipomas, which is characterized by a slowly progressive increasing soft tissue swelling, especially around bigger human joints. Due to its intraarticular location, the LA might become clinically relevant when it reaches a certain tumour size. Looking at the diagnostics, sonography, MRI and especially the histopathological processing give the crucial results. Final proof can only be made by histopathological examination. Additionally, we have some differential diagnoses to exclude. Under these we predominantly find the spindle cell lipoma, synovial haemagioma, vascular synovial malformations and tenosynovial giant-cell tumour. Furthermore, an atypical lipomatous tumour should be excluded by FISH-analysis via determining the MDM2-Genamplification.
Retrospektive GKV-Versorgungsforschungsstudie über GnRH-Antagonisten/-Agonisten zur initialen Therapie des fortgeschrittenen Prostatakarzinoms – Verordnungsmuster und Krankenhauskosten in Deutschland
Authors: Hupe Marie Christine , Hammerer Peter , Ketz Miriam , Kossack Nils , Colling Christiane , Merseburger Axel S.
Published: November 2019

Hintergrund Die Androgendeprivationstherapie (ADT) ist fester Therapiebestandteil des fortgeschrittenen oder metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms (PCa). Ziel der vorliegenden Versorgungsforschungsstudie war der Vergleich von Verordnungsmustern, Hospitalisierungsraten und Krankenhauskosten beim initialen Einsatz verschiedener GnRH-Agonisten und -Antagonisten (GnRHa).

Material und Methoden Anonymisierte GKV-Daten von > 70 Krankenkassen aus 2010 bis 2015 (n = 4 205 227) wurden analysiert (1 Jahr Vorbeobachtung, 1 Indexquartal mit initialer GnRHa-Verordnung, ≥ 2 Jahre Follow-Up (FU)).

Ergebnisse Die Studienpopulation umfasste 2382 PCa-Patienten im Alter von durchschnittlich 75 Jahren. Leuprorelin (Leu) wurde mit 56,6 % am häufigsten verordnet. Bei erstmaliger GnRHa-Anwendung hatten 70 % aller Patienten keine Lymph- oder Fernmetastasen. Nach der initialen Verordnung wurden bei 11,2 % die GnRHa abgesetzt, bei 17,6 % nach durchschnittlich 457 Tagen (Median: 399 Tage) umgestellt, in der Hybrid (Hyb)-Gruppe durchschnittlich 100 Tage schneller als bei den Agonisten (p = 0,016). Die Prävalenzrangfolge der häufigsten Komorbiditäten war über die Zeit gleichbleibend: Hypertonie, Hyperlipidämie, kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen (CVD) und Diabetes. Die Hypertonieprävalenz zeigte einen signifikant höheren Anstieg unter Agonisten (16,4 %; vs. Antagonist 6,9 % p = 0,022; vs. Hybride 11,6 % p = 0,006). Bei der CVD gab es hinsichtlich der relativen Wachstumsraten zwischen den 3 zusammengefassten Therapieklassen keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Insgesamt waren 23,9 % aller Patienten nach 3 Jahren FU verstorben. Die Mortalitätsrate war am niedrigsten für Triptorelin (Trp, 22,1 %) und am höchsten für Goserelin (Gos, 29,4 %, n.s.). Im Indexquartal hatten 26,4 % der Patienten mind. einen Krankenhausaufenthalt [min; max: Trp 22,4 %; Gos 30,3 %] mit einer mittleren Krankenhausverweildauer/Patient von 3 Tagen [Trp 2,4; Gos 4,5]. Die jährliche Hospitalisierungsrate lag bei 36,2 – 40,7 %, die mittlere Krankenhausverweildauer im gesamten FU zwischen 17,6 (Trp) und 20,8 (Hyb) Tagen. Die Krankenhauskosten im Indexquartal betrugen ca. 1200 EUR [Trp 988; Gos 1803] und pro FU-Jahr ca. 3000 EUR. In der Trp-Kohorte lagen die Gesamtkosten (Indexquartal + 3 Jahre) mehr als 1000 EUR unter dem Durchschnitt von 9476 EUR [Trp 8116; Leu 9779; n.s.].

Schlussfolgerung Diese GKV-Versorgungsforschungsstudie beschreibt die Anwendung von GnRHa zur initialen Therapie beim fortgeschrittenen PCa in Deutschland und zeigt substanzabhängige Unterschiede in den Verordnungsmustern, Hospitalisierungsraten und Krankenhauskosten.