bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Principle and Methodological Provisions for Installation Site and Design of Pressure Drop Sensors for Coarse and Fine Purification Filtering Cartridges Located in a Single Vessel of a Two-Stage Gas Filter
Authors: Usachev A P , Shurayts A L , Pikalov A A
Published: April 2020

The article is dedicated to the development of principles and methodological provisions for pressure drop sensors layout for coarse and fine purification filtering cartridges located in a two-stage gas filter vessel. It has been found out that static gas pressure in the lower part of the coarse and fine purification filtering cartridges is always greater than in the upper part. This conditions proportionately higher amount of flowing gas, and hence greater amount of solid particles deposited in the lower part of cylindrical filtering cartridges and, as a consequence, greater degree of filtering material contamination. Measuring pressure drop in the lower part of filtering cartridge, which is more clogged with solid particles, makes early signal at the operator console possible, which provides time for technical staff to urgently remove accumulated blockages from the coarse purification cartridge and replace the cylindrical fine purification filtering cartridges.

These methodological provisions allow the possibility for reliable sensor design and precise determination of installation locations in filter parts designed for crude, coarsely purified and finely purified gas flow, which can be used within engineering practice.
The Study of Extractionmethod of Hard-to-Recover Hydrocarbonstocks Using Oilfield Core Material
Authors: Daminev R R , Kurbangaleeva M H , Islamutdinova A A , Mukanov A S
Published: April 2020

The displacement of hard-to-recover oil by water has become the most widespread method of crude oil extraction. However, in its implementation, the oil recovery factor is insignificant. Recently for this purpose the technology of water alternation gas injectionhas become widespread. In this work, the laboratory tests were carried out in conditions of artificial oil stratumusing the samples of live oil, water and gas. For the study were usedcore material samples selectedfrom the well ofoil fields. Experiments were conducted using different models of samples and fluids under conditions of maintaining the layer pressure and back pressure with a flow rate of 0.1 ml / min.
Hypsobathymetric Models of Ksudach Caldera Complex (Kamchatka)
Authors: Kharchenko S V , Kozlov D N , Lebedeva E V
Published: April 2020

The Ksudach volcano is one of the most complicated and dynamic volcanic centre of the Russian Far East located on the south of Kamchatka peninsula. Modern cone of the volcano is composite construction with five different size and time calderas, two lakes and recent Shtubel’s cone. Studying of modern terrain dynamics on the volcano can be carried out with by comparison of two digital elevation (hypso- and bathy-) models for state of 80s in the 20 century (created on the data of aerial photographs and the bathymetric surveys) and for modern state (on the data of ArcticDEM and digital echosounding bathymetric survey with synchronized satellite fixation of the profiles). The elevation models like these (for Kamchatka’s volcanes and for different it’s conditions) were created at the first time. Its comparison allowed us to recognize new underwater extrusion dome with extensive underwater gas-hydrothermal outlets. Besides this we got the possibilities for clear bordering of different-time calderas using fractures on the automatic traceabled small river profiles. Comparison of high-resolution different-time DEMs for volcanic research is relatively new and perspective way for understanding volcanic life and development.
Influence of Effective Stress on Absolute Permeability of Ultralow-Permeability Rocks
Authors: Gorshkov A M , Khomyakov I S , Subbotina M V
Published: April 2020

The great potential of unconventional hydrocarbon resources in the world is realized in shale formations represented by fractured low-permeability and ultralow-permeability reservoirs. The development of shale formations in the energy depletion mode leads to an increase in effective pressure, which has a significant effect on the permeability of low-permeability and ultralow-permeability reservoirs. A laboratory estimation of the influence of effective pressure on the absolute permeability of different litological compositions rocks with permeability from 0.1 nD to 1 mD was carried out. Absolute gas permeability was determined by the pulse decay method and the modified steady-state method under pressure conditions. The results showed that an increase in the effective pressure from 7 to 45 MPa leads to a decrease in the absolute permeability of low-permeability and ultralow-permeability reservoirs by 1.8 – 100 times, depending on the initial permeability of core samples and their lithology. Reliable correlations of absolute permeability and effective pressure for reservoirs of different types have been identified. Correlations can be used to design well flow rates for the entire period of shale formations development.
Protected Areas as a Place for Biodiversity Conservation
Authors: Vasilyev M D , Vasilyeva N V , Trofimtsev Yu I
Published: April 2020

The technogenic impact is least felt in specially protected areas whose task is to preserve rare species of animals and plants. Population dynamics is investigated effectively using mathematical models to explore various scenarios of interaction and development of populations, as well as assess the impact of the environment on the spatial-temporal dynamics of biological communities. The paper considers a non-linear model of a protected population, a feature of which is the presence of a bilocal area and the exchange of individuals between its parts. It is a system of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations that describes the dependence of migration flows on the uneven distribution of individuals on a heterogeneous area with a generalized resource. The influence of the generalized resource on the distribution of the density of parts of a population is investigated using a computational experiment. A specific feature of the model is the presence of a variable cross-diffusion coefficient, which makes it possible to describe the process of excessive concentration of individuals in the most favorable places in terms of resource availability, as a result of which individuals of the population are dispersed in search of a new resource source. The simulation results can be used in the determination of volume of fishing of populations on the unprotected part of the area, the organization of feeding points in a protected part.
Geophysical Determinants of Wind Energy Development in the Far North of Russia
Authors: Gladkiy Yu N , Sukhorukov V D , Larchenko L V
Published: April 2020

The development of the Arctic territories of Russia requires reliable sources of electricity, the nature of which is due to the geographical features of the region. In this regard, new solutions are needed. In addition to small nuclear reactors, wind energy is promising. Geophysical determinants of its development are associated by the authors not only with climate-forming factors, but also with other natural properties of the territory - orographic features, cold, permafrost, etc. It is noted about half of the enormous technical potential of Russian wind energy is concentrated in the Arctic zone. Although almost all Arctic regions have a comparable powerful potential for wind energy, the strategy for the development of wind energy largely depends on the concentration within them of the population, economic objects, transport infrastructure, etc. The contradictory relationship between the geophysical and economic conditions for the development of wind energy is analyzed. It is emphasized that in a number of remote regions of the Far North and the Far East wind energy is not a source of profit, but is designed to perform socially and environmentally important functions
The Method of Assessment Mineral and Raw Capacity of Fields Kaolinic Ores of Russia
Authors: Dadykin V S , Okhlopkov M N , Fedorova E Y
Published: April 2020

To carry out an effective policy of rational use and development of kaolin mineral resource base, to solve strategic and operational tasks in the field of subsoil use of these raw materials, it is necessary to provide the subsoil fund government with economic and analytical materials in the mode of current time and forecast. The basic element of these materials is the economic assessment of the mineral and raw material potential of kaolin ores based on analyzing the market conjuncture for mineral raw materials, taking into account the determination of their mineral and raw material potential. The article discusses the natural types of kaolin, the main industrial types of kaolin deposits, analyzes the prospects for industrial development of kaolin ore deposits, the main indicators of kaolin production, the parameters of estimated conditions for eluvial kaolin deposits (exploration and appraisal stage), industrial classification of technological types of kaolin raw in Russia. In conclusion, proposed measures to improve the efficiency of using the mineral potential of kaolin ores are proposed.
Improving Cargo Traffic in the International Transport Corridors of the Far East
Authors: Serova D S , Kalikina T N
Published: April 2020

This research seeks to mitigate the consequences of ‘abandoned’ trains and to improve the accuracy of cargo ETA for seaport stations. It investigates the reasons why trains are abandoned and defines a procedure for bringing them back into traffic. The proposed method helps avoid uncoordinated train and ship arrivals for more accurate ETA.
Development of Electrical Equipment Classification for Electric Vehicles in Order to Increase the Range
Authors: Gorbunova A D , Anisimov I A
Published: April 2020

At the present time, there is an increase in environmentally friendly vehicles, in particular it is introduction of electric vehicles. The variable operating conditions of these vehicles, which are characteristic of the Russian Federation territory, cause a decrease in the power reserve and an increase in the energy consumption. The use of existing methods to increase the power reserve of electric vehicles, which consist in the improvement of traction motors and energy storage systems, is impossible when it is in operation. However, the solution to this problem can be achieved by changing the modes of operation of electrical energy consumers, who receive it from a high-voltage battery. The article presents an analysis of previously performed work in the field of increasing the power reserve and reducing the electric energy consumption of an electric vehicle. The need to develop a classification of electric energy consumers, which will be one of the method stages for increasing the range of electric vehicles by controlling the power from electric energy consumers, has been identified. Experimental studies and highly specialized marketing questionnaires, which revealed the amount of energy required for the operation of consumers of electrical energy in an electric vehicle, were carried out.
Developing a Complex Approach to the Definition of a Technical Condition of Pump-and-Compressor Equipment
Authors: Saubanov O , Valeev A , Akimov V
Published: April 2020

There is much concern about early breakdowns of pump-and-compressor equipment being of long-term usage. The conditions of increased wear and high dynamic loads of this type of equipment necessitate the improvement of the maintenance and diagnostics concerns of fault detection of pump-and-compressor equipment as soon as possible. The article discusses a complex approach to the definition of a technical condition of pump-and-compressor equipment, based on vibrodiagnostics, parametric inspection and tensometry in real-time mode.
Block Structure and Mora Circles for Stresses and Deformations
Authors: Chanyshev A I
Published: April 2020

Displacements associated with deformations are considered. The deformation vector at an arbitrary area with the normal

n

→

is defined as the ratio of the displacement vector of the site points to the distance from the site to the displacement reference point. The deformation vectors related to an arbitrary element of the medium have properties: their principal vector and principal moment are zero. For the strain vector, Mohr’s circles are constructed similarly to the stress vector. It is shown that, for an arbitrary area with a normal

n

→

, the work of forces corresponding to the stress vector on the relative displacements determined by the deformation vector depends, in the general case, on the loading path even in the case of applying the relations of Hooke’s law. The only areas where this effect does not exist are the stresses and deformations of the site that are equally inclined to the main axes. On this basis, a block model of materials (such as metals) is constructed, where the elements have the form of octahedrons.
The Studying of Gas and Hydrotherm Parameters and the Fluid-Conductor Geochemical Features with the Help of the “SELECTOR” Program Complex on the Example of the Golovnin Calder Sources
Authors: Panova K S
Published: April 2020

There is a discription of dynamical physical and chemical model of “flow reactor with an ideal piston displacement” type. With its help using the SELECTOR program complex (PC) for thermal solutions of Golovnin caldera (Kunashir Island, Kuril Islands) the numerical experiments were performed. The results of two “water-rock” type (W/R) systems modeling are represented: 1 – thermal solutions with pH=1.93; 2 – thermal ones with pH=6.35. The temperature range from 200 to 15 °C and the pressure of 1 and 10 bar in both experiments were used. As a results, data on the systems phase and chemical compositions were obtained; an evolutionary sequence of physical and chemical system states was identified with long-term water/rock (W/R) interaction; a metasomatism type for systems was gained; a metasomatic column was verified with ones near the orifice of thermal solutions. Thus, the complete correlation of model data with obtained in situ one was shown.
Compositional Interaction of Mica and Glass Waste
Authors: Fedorova S V
Published: April 2020

Mica belongs to a large group of minerals characterized by perfect cleavage, i.e. the ability to split into very thin sheets having smooth surfaces. Muscovite and phlogopite are the most important industrial micas. They are easily split into thin sheets. In addition, they have high hardness and mechanical strength. They are thermally and chemically stable, non-hygroscopic, flexible, elastic and transparent. Due to these properties, muscovite and phlogopite are the most important composite materials used for producing electrical insulating materials.
Technique of Determination of Commodity Cost of a Subsoil on the Basis of Calculation of Mineral and Raw Potential of Expected Resources
Authors: Dadykin V S , Okhlopkov M N , Gerashchenkova T M
Published: April 2020

Exploration and mining are logically interrelated. Currently, it is not necessary to carry out the work on reproducing the entire available mineral resource base, but only its cost-effective part. For forming investment projects it is required to assess the mineral resource potential of the territory. Calculating the mineral resource potential (MRP) typically includes data on reserves of deposits, estimated resources, the cost of subsoil and coefficients of bringing forecast resources to contingent reserves. The issues of a comprehensive study of the mineral and raw material potential from the point of view of a systematic approach, the efficiency of the mineral and raw material complex in the process of subsoil use, taking into account the specificity of solid minerals, are not well understood and require their scientific substantiation.
Free and Bound Water Content in Tight Rocks of Bazhenov Formation
Authors: Kazak E S , Rodkina I A , Kazak A V
Published: April 2020

The paper presents data on water content separated into free, physically and chemically bound types for a collection of core samples from the Bazhenov formation. The rock samples came from 3 wells of Nizhnevartovsk arch, Western Siberia, Russian Federation. Each rock sample was a part of whole core with the maximum preserved natural water content. A suite of modern laboratory techniques includes evaporation method, derivatographic, and hygrometric studies. The results show that the content of chemically bound water (0÷6.4 wt.%) exceeds that of free (0÷1.87 wt.%) and physically bound (0÷1.0 wt.%). For the first time, we present the water content of mono-, poly-, and capillary condensation water obtained from the interpretation of adsorption isotherm. These data made it possible to draw a meaningful conclusion on mixed wettability of Bazhenov formation rocks.
Monitoring the Health of Water Treatment Plants
Authors: Alexandrovskaya L N , Rosenthal O M , Kirillin A V
Published: April 2020

This paper describes analytical modeling of degradation of water treatment plants (WTP) during their extended operation; it also describes the algorithms for configuring such models on the basis of current WTP status readings so as to predict when the WTP deteriorates to the point it is no longer usable (time to failure).

Model selection is based on analyzing and generalizing a bulk of experimental data on various WTPs. Configuration algorithms are model-agnostic, which means the proposed approach can be used universally to improve water treatment quality while also cutting its costs.
Ecological Aspects of the Interaction of Moisture and Hydrogen Fluoride Contained in Alumina in the Electrolytic Production of Aluminum
Authors: Begunov A A , Begunova L A
Published: April 2020

The present article deals with the problems of drying kinetics with regard to ill-conditioned alumina. Relations of removed moisture quantity and alumina trial retention interval are determined as well as moisture residual quantity in the alumina on the retention interval. The paper materials prove the possibility of alumina acquisition taking into consideration its prolonged transportation to the Russian intracontinental plants and a considerable amount of crystallized moisture, up to 1% or more, and the corresponding growth of the fluorhydric acid quantity being released into the atmosphere. The investigations of fluorhydric acid releasing into the atmosphere were carried out.
Determining the Parameters of Sea Wave Using the Automated Land and Underwater-Based Complexes
Authors: Beresnev P O , Kurkin A A , Tyugin D Yu
Published: April 2020

Development of combined data collection system of the sea wave parameters using automated ground and underwater-based complexes is presented. An algorithm for determining the wave height using contact and non-contact methods was developed and presented. Contact methods of data collection of the wave height are used to verify the results obtained from the non-contact method (for example, radar station). A complex testing method of the combined data collection system also was developed and presented. Experimental studies of a combined system for collecting data on the state of the sea surface on the territory of Sakhalin Island have been carried out.
Routing of Empty Cars at Offloading Stations
Authors: Frolova O V , Shirokova V V , Kalikina T N
Published: April 2020

This paper identifies large-scale offloading stations and analyzes the process of emptying cars with breakdown by rolling-stock composition and by owners; it also tracks changes in the number of empty cars with breakdown by owners at dedicated stations and at destination stations. The research identifies the primary groups of cars that can be routed for exit. Thus, it produces criteria for optimizing the routing of empty cars and improving the operating performance for OAO RZD.
Theoretical Objectives and Development of Methods to Protect the Water Resources of the Angara Region from Heavy Metals Pollution
Authors: Obuzdina M V , Rush E A
Published: April 2020

This paper presents the results of a investigations on the possibility of obtaining new sorption materials based on modifying the natural zeolites of the Eastern Transbaikalia deposit, investigation the laws of sorption extraction of heavy metals and oil products from industrial wastewater of railway transport enterprises with a new sorbents. It is shown that chemical modification of natural zeolites allows obtaining sorbents with a more ordered structure compared to natural layered silicates, an increased surface area and a transient nature of porosity, which ensures their high sorption activity and, therefore, the perspectivity of application in the sorption technology of wastewater treatment.
Study of Bypasses for High-speed Passenger Trains, as an Alternative to the Reconstruction of Railway Stations
Authors: Kukleva N V , Kuklev D N
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, in order to organize the movement of passenger trains with speeds up to 200 km/h, it is necessary to reconstruct existing highways, which requires the need, in addition to performing a huge amount of work, to do it “under wheels”, i.e. in conditions of continuous movement, when it is often impossible to take trains to other routes (parallel passages), due to the lack of the last ones. As an alternative, the authors propose to consider the principal possibility of using bypasses for the passage of high-speed passenger trains, which in practice are often used for the organization of transit freight traffic, both individual railway stations and railway junctions in general. This allows not only to remove obstacles (“barrier places”) on the way of train traffic, but also to “unload” the existing infrastructure of railway stations and nodes. For this purpose, at the first stage, the factors that can affect the feasibility of using bypasses to perform such a task as the organization of high-speed passenger train passes were considered. The article can be useful for specialists, researchers who are engaged in the solution of issues on the organization of high-speed passenger traffic in terms of the preparation of existing highways in general, and railway stations in particular.
Optimization of Oil Blending to Increase the Efficiency of Joint Pumping in the System of Trunk Oil Pipelines
Authors: Tashbulatov R R , Karimov R M , Mastobayev B N
Published: April 2020

The article proposes a methodology for calculating the factors of rational mixing of oils with various rheological properties that are jointly transported through an extensive system of trunk pipelines to save energy demands for pumping. The calculation is aggravated by the absence of additivity of viscosity of specially formed multicomponent blends of oils that compels the calculation in a simplex place that characterize the possible compositions of oil blends. It is proposed to use the standard polydimensional optimization strategy as the main calculation module. The objective is presented in the form of summarized energy demand for pumping depending on the concentration of oil blend at the nodal points of their blending. There is proposed a method for calculating the objective for any extensive network of oil trunk pipelines using algorithms of constructing a blend tree and determining its properties using traversal tree algorithm.
Underground Fastening of the Trunk Pipelines in Areas of Intermittent and Insular Permafrost
Authors: Shamilov Kh Sh , Gumerov A K , Sultanmagomedov S M
Published: April 2020

The paper is devoted to the development of methods for ensuring the design position for underground sections of gas trunk lines laid in areas of permafrost propagation at the risk of formation of frost mound at the areas of intersection of continuous ice lenses. It is proven the advantages of underground lining of separate potentially hazardous sections of the route of small length without thermal insulation, for which is proposed the way of local fastening using a specially developed underground support structure in the form of a pile base with pipe fastening by flexible links. Numerical studies of the stress-strain state of the underground fixed section of the pipeline and its underground support were carried out on the basis of the finite element model, during which the optimal laying parameters have been determined.
3D Modelling of the Landslide Slope Stability with Seismic Effect
Authors: Fomenko I K , Pendin V V , Gorobtsov D N , Shubina D D
Published: April 2020

Three-dimensional analysis is an important and actively developing area in calculating the stability of slopes. The work was based on the results of the stability analysis of the landslide slope on the left side of the Kuban river valley above the Krasnogorsk hydropower station. The calculations were performed using the limit equilibrium methods in the three-dimensional formulation of the problem, taking into account the seismic effect. In this paper seismic effects were taken into account using the pseudostatic method. Based on the performed mathematical modelling it was shown, that direction of seismic impact changes not only the safety factor but also the spatial position of the potential landslide massif. This study proves the importance of three-dimensional calculations in the development of engineering protection measures against landslide processes.
Application of Geophysical Methods in Stability Assessment of Slopes within Historical Natural-Technical Systems
Authors: Shubina D D , Romanov V V , Dmitriev V V , Baturin V I
Published: April 2020

The article is concerned with the use of geophysical methods in engineering geological surveys on landslide-prone slopes. The article discusses research methods that allow to obtain the necessary parameters for computer simulation and based on this performing slope stability assessment. As examples the slopes within the historical natural-technical systems (HNTS) are considered as the sustainability issues are of particular importance for them.
Problems of the Influence of Light on Workers in Greenhouses
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Z R , Laukmanis A L , Pshenichnaya C V
Published: April 2020

No living person can do without vegetables and fruits, food grown in the fields, kitchen gardens or in greenhouses. Those crops that are less whimsical to their surrounding nature and the conditions of growth and fruit formation are grown in open ground, and those that are more demanding, but at the same time not less necessary are grown in protected ground, or greenhouse. In this article, an analysis was conducted of the influence of the main harmful and dangerous production factors on the organism of workers in the greenhouse complex. When working in greenhouses, employees complain of discomfort from exposure to bright light and ultraviolet radiation during artificial irradiation and lighting up of plants. In the work, a comparison of frequently used types of lamps in greenhouses was made and it was revealed among them that it is safer for workers. Recommendations for improving working conditions are given.
Technology of Low-Tonnage LNG Production Based on the Potential of Existing Gas Networks
Authors: Gilmutdinov D V , Mikriukov P E , Kolchin A V
Published: April 2020

Numerous natural gas liquefaction technologies for the main gas pipeline are known, however, this process is little used for the potential use of electric energy and is poorly implemented at the GDS, where it is possible to carry out low-tonnage LNG production. The object of research is gas distribution station (GDS) “Novo-Alexandrovka” with a capacity of 45 m3/hour. In the course of the research work the technological scheme of liquefaction of natural gas was developed on the basis of the available parameters at the mentioned GDS. This topic is topical due to the annually growing demand for liquefied natural gas. Currently, the LNG market in Russia especially is not developed due to the lack of proper regulatory governability of use and production, lack of cryo-filling stations and a clear program of development of gas vehicles. It is proposed to introduce a liquefied natural gas unit with a main temperature reduction unit through adiabatic expansion in turboexpander. The paper discover construction decisions and analysis of the dependence of the liquefaction temperature of natural gas on the inlet pressure into the gas distribution network as well as The technical and economic characteristics of the implementation of the liquefaction unit at the “Novo-Alexandrovka”.
Ecological Assessment of the Cucumber Plants Reaction to the Use of Production Waste and Natural Minerals in the Composition of Nutrient Soils
Authors: Korenkova E A , Stepanova E I , Yakovleva E V
Published: April 2020

The article discusses one of the waste management areas – the use of fertilizer properties of chemical compounds that make up various types of production waste. The salt aluminum slag of the Mtsensk metallurgical plant AOOT Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys was chosen as the object of pollution. The presented studies indicate that the presence of macro-and microelements in the composition of slag fertilizers significantly increases the value of these fertilizers and partially solves the problem of complex application of the necessary elements into the soil [10]. The effectiveness was evaluated of the fertilizing properties of the salt screenings of aluminum slag, vermicompost and zeolites when using them as a part of nutrient soils for growing cucumber [8]. An increase in the toxic load for the analyzed period was established [7]. Also, all the studied forms and types of fertilizer nutritional compounds have a physiological effect, increase the growth and development of cucumber plants, product quality, and contribute to plant resistance to adverse environmental conditions and to the production of environmentally friendly products [13]. The effectiveness has been proved of the method of using plant cell juice electrical conductivity to assess the physiological state at different growth phases as a reaction to the fertilizer levels of production waste and natural minerals [9].
Development of Natural Zeolites Regeneration Scheme
Authors: Filatova E G , Pozhidaev Yu N
Published: April 2020

In this paper, the research results on the adsorption process of final treatment of wastewater from electroplating production using a model filter with a nominal capacity of 0.3 m3/h are presented. Natural zeolite of the Trans-Baikal deposit heulandite was used as a charge. The processes of sorption and selective desorption of heavy metal ions were studied. Based on the results, the natural zeolites regeneration scheme was developed; the scheme provides the multiple reuse regenerated adsorbents in the processes of final treatment of wastewater from electroplating production, and eluates produced by regeneration can be reused in the manufacture as components for electrolytes used for electroplated coating deposition.
Analysis and Evaluation of Factors of the Production Environment and Labor Process during a Special Assessment of Working Conditions in Company “NPO SM”
Authors: Serdyukova A S , Salcutsan V I , Androsova O N , Solovev D B
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to analysis working conditions of workers at workplaces by factors of the working environment and a labour process, also the development of measures for their improvement. In the study a special assessment of working conditions (SAWC) was carried out, harmful working factors were found, also factors of a labour process were surveyed and measures for their improvement were developed.
Environmental Assessment of the Toxic Effect of Slagheap on Soil Continuum
Authors: Stepanova L P , Pisareva A V , Tsikanavichute V E
Published: April 2020

This article shows the study of the toxicological state of soils in the areas of anthropogenic impact of slag dump industrial waste of aluminum casting in the Oryol region. The data obtained indicate a high impact of slag dumps as a result of waste storage in the production of aluminum casting [3]. The inter-elemental relationship between the studied toxic metals shows that heavy metals can also have the same anthropogenic origin, regardless of the sources of their origin. The results of the pollution index prove the moderately high level of pollution of the study areas. A comprehensive assessment of the degree of degradation of light gray forest soils and their ecological resistance to natural processes and regimes, anthropogenic loads occurring in the soil profile [5] is shown. Analysis of the isotopic composition of heavy metals proves their obvious anthropogenic origin, including industrial emissions from an aluminum casting plant, exhaust gases derived from regular exposure to vehicles, as well as from dust storms. Studies are made of the effect of slag dumps on the environment, in particular, the effect on soil, water and plant cover. As a result of the research performed, the local impact of the slag dump on the adjacent territory and its pollution with a complex of heavy metals were revealed.
Technogenic Surface Formations within the Limits of Mining-Industrial System of the Dalnegorsky District of the Primorsky Krai as the Reclamation Site
Authors: Krupskaya L T , Androkhanov V A , Belanov I P
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of long-term researches of the problem of reclamation of technogenic surface formations (TSF), of tailings surface of Dalpolpolymetal mining enterprise containing toxic heavy metal compounds. The purpose of the research was to create a method of tailings surface reclamation, providing for increasing the reliability of its closing, shortening of reclamation period, reducing the risk of technogenic catastrophes and ensuring the ecological and social safety. Based on the purpose of the study, the following tasks were formulated: 1. Analyze and summarize the literary data on the problem of the research of technogenic surface formations (TSF) within the limits of impact of technogenic system as the reclamation site; 2. Estimate waste as a potential source of ecosphere technogenic pollution; 3. Give proposals on ecological and social safety of tailings containing toxic heavy metal compounds.

On the basis of soil-ecological conditions of the studied area the characteristic of technogenic surface formations is given. The proposals for environmental and social safety of tailings containing toxic heavy metal compounds have been developed.
Model of a Secure Data Transmission Channel of the Sea Surface Monitoring System
Authors: Timochkina T V , Miklush V A , Kraeva E V
Published: April 2020

The Sea Surface Monitoring System (SSMS) is of great importance as a means of ensuring environmental safety. This system is based on monitoring the surface of the seas of oceans using satellites. The structure of the SMMP is a distributed system. This system includes independent data storage, system management, a system of dynamic ratings and forecasting, a management system, an information system (IS) that processes monitoring data. IP monitoring refers to a problem-oriented system. These information systems include specialized database models. All monitoring systems use sets of models that allow you to build complex enterprise models.

The article discusses the technology of the control model of the sea surface monitoring system. The structural diagrams of the control model and their brief characteristics are given. The principle of operation and the purpose of the sea surface monitoring system are described.
Comparison of Geophysical and Geochemical Parameters of the Belovo Zinc Facility Dumps (Kemerovo Region) in the Process of Recultivation
Authors: Grakhova S P , Olenchenko V V , Yurkevich N V
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of geochemical and geophysical studies of the Belovsky Zinc Plant reclaimed dumps (Kemerovo Region), which is located in the residential zone of the Belovo city. The relationship between the degree of neutralization of waste and electrical resistivity is established and described. For the first time at this facility, measurements were made by the induced polarization method. When analyzing the polarizability distribution (C, mV/V), it was found that not so much wet and warm zones with a high level of acidity are distinguished on the profiles of electrotomography as they are saturated with minerals with high electrical conductivity. This means that low resistivity values are associated with electronically conductive minerals with metallic conductivity. Thus, the assumption was made that the anomalies are associated with the introduction of coke into the dump, that is, an increased carbon content, which affects not only the resistivity profiles, but also the IP profiles.
Cryolithological Section of Ice-Rich Sediments of the Annual Heat Circulation Layer in Post-Pyrogenic Sections of the Kolyma Lowland North-East
Authors: Andreeva V V , Maksimov G T , Spector V V , Kholodov A L , Davydov S P , Lobanov A L
Published: April 2020

The article provides the results of cryolithological studies of ice-rich sediments in post-pyrogenic areas in the Nizhnekolymsky district of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) near Chersky village. Two boreholes were drilled, and a comprehensive analysis of core material was carried out. The results of the work reflect various cryogenic structure for relatively similar cryogenic landscapes.
Grain Waste Post-Harvest Deep Processing Strategy
Authors: Zapevalov M V , Sergeev N S , Redreev G V
Published: April 2020

The article identifies the problematic situation in plant cultivation during the grain crop production, which consists in significant losses of biological harvest with the implementation of combine harvest technology and undeveloped cleaning technology with the threshing process at a station. There is shown the relevance of solving the problem of deep crop processing. There is the resource-renewable technology scheme for grain crop processing. In addition to the commercial and seed grain production, the technology also provides for the feed pellet, thermal and electric energy and organic-mineral fertilizer production. The advantages of the proposed technology are disclosed: compliance with optimal agro-technical harvesting terms, refusal to maintain an expensive combine harvester, complete exclusion of grain loss during harvesting, energy cost reduction for harvesting, high-quality marketable grain and seed production, rational straw use, cheap thermal and electric energy production, effective organo-mineral fertilizer production and high-quality grain feed production for animals.
Influence of Industrial Wastes and Natural Soil Zeolites on Identification of Herbage Response
Authors: Tikhoykina I M , Tarakin A V , Halimon S Y
Published: April 2020

Industrial wastes and the chemicals they contain significantly influence the ecological conditions of biogeocoenoses, leading to permanent changes and degradation of soils. This fact calls for the development of methods and technologies for the disposal of the industrial waste being produced. One of the aspects of waste disposal is the use of fertilizing properties of the chemicals that reside in them. The article presents the results of argienvironmental efficiency research for the use of fertilizing properties of industrial wastes and natural zeolites in grass lawn and landscape design. Grass growth and development patterns were studied for the soils improved with salt siftings of aluminum dross, sewage sludge, natural zeolites, and peat. The best composition of fertilizing substances was determined in order to provide for the biggest increase in herbage growth and yield. Data are presented on the proportion of the elements in the soil and in specific plant organs, the soil composition changes in the root zone and rhizosphere.
Alternatives to Steel Pipes in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Tolmachev A A , Tolmacheva S V
Published: April 2020

One of the reasons why polyethylene pipes were not widely used in the oil field was their low (compared to steel equivalents) bearing capacity and, as a result, low working pressure of the transported medium (no more than 2.5 MPa). But thanks to the research of oil and gas companies, a technology has been developed to manufacture polyethylene pipes for oil and gas fields that will be able to withstand the operating pressure of the transported product up to 4.0 MPa inclusive.
Mathematical Control Model of Secondary Coextrusion Composition Preparation
Authors: Dyadichev V V , Kolesnikov A V , Dyadichev A V
Published: April 2020

The control of polymer waste recycling process is an important modern problem. A partial solution to the problem can be got by using coextrusion technology. As a result of its application with respect to polymer waste, we can get a multilayer qualitative product, containing waste and safe for usage. Because of economic causes, the problem of using this technology is the correct preparation of secondary coextrusion composition based on the requirements to the quality of the obtained product. The scientific paper presents the mathematical control model of secondary polymer composition preparation. The developed model allows carrying out an operational control of composition components consumption, determining and correcting the consumption of the most expensive astringent component in order to guarantee the required quality of the product. The mathematical model is the basis for construction of intellectual automated systems for controlling polymer waste recycling process by coextrusion technology.
Getting of Benzine from Residues of Methyl-Tret-Butyl ether Production Using Microwave Radiation
Authors: Kadyrov R R , Charikov P N , Pryanichnikova V V
Published: April 2020

Benzine getting from used butane-butylene fraction from unit of methyl-tret-butyl ether production through oligomerization is one of ways to increase efficiency and ecological compatibility of process. Usually, the technology of producing oligobenzine is based on the generation of thermal energy required for the oligomerization reaction when burning solid or gaseous fuels in furnaces. Safety and ecological compatibility of this process may be significantly improved with microwave radiation used during reactions. The use of microwave energy will heat only the catalyst, which will be in contact with the butane-butylene fraction., It is possible to estimate the process parameters in the static and dynamic modes by numerically solving a system of equations that mathematically describe oligomerization under the influence of microwave radiation. It is established that the oligomerization process is intensified, and the energy costs are reduced.
Forms of Occurrence and Redistribution of Silver in the Tailings Dam System of Dalnegorsk District (Primorye Region, Russia)
Authors: Ovodova E V
Published: April 2020

The forms of occurrence and redistribution of silver between the sulfide orestailings and surface waters of the Krasnorechensk tailingsdam of Dalnegorsk District have been studied. Using the Selector-S software complex, physicochemical simulation of oxidation of tetrahedrite-freibergite and silver-containing pyrite was performed, and the mass of annual silver removal by surface runoff from the tailings site was calculated.
The Human Navigation Element as a Statistical Parameter in the Information Aspect
Authors: Fadyushin S G , Vereshchagina E A , Kayak A B
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the results of a study on the topic of the human element in navigation, which is relevant for sailing. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that this factor has a predominant influence on the safety of navigation. The main approach to the study of the human element is a psychological approach. This study uses the cybernetic approach based on concepts of the information theory, such as entropy. The object of the study is a complex dynamic control system, the main elements of which are the master, the vessel and the object of maneuver. The subject of the study is the human element of navigation in the Poisson notation, as the main determinant of a probabilistic state of the control system. The purpose of the study is to develop a probabilistic model for normalizing the human element of navigation from the standpoint of the cybernetic approach and a Poisson distribution of the random variable. The main hypothesis of the study is that the intermediate points of the trajectory of movement are the points at which the navigator makes decisions on controlling the movement of the vessel. The frequency of these points depends on many random reasons, including the human element. As a result of the study, the notion of the human element of navigation was formulated in the Poisson notation, and an evaluation criterion for the probabilistic state of the control system was proposed. The results are recommended to researchers in the field of automation of ship traffic control and specialists in creation of intelligent systems for controlling the movement of a marine vessel.
An Architecture Clothing Correlation in Deconstructionism
Authors: Zaitseva T , Ivanova O , Kopeva A
Published: April 2020

Architecture and clothing are interrelated in many aspects. These are based on visual and psychological perception; similar utilitarian purposes (protection from both climate and psychological exposures) and on similar principles of building spatial structures. The paper performs comparative analysis of the garment and architecture in the context of forming Deconstructionism as a 20th century architecture style. Investigating clothing and architecture of deconstruction makes it possible to trace common shaping principles used by architects and fashion designers. The object of the research is the interrelation of styling and composition shaping between architecture of deconstruction and garments. The mutual influence and interrelation between the two have markedly manifested themselves within this 20th century art movement.
The Union of the First and the Second Nature
Authors: Stratonova L M
Published: April 2020

The importance of the problem under investigation results from the growth of Russia’s towns and cities and related destructive expansion of architecture in urban and natural environmental systems. Unavoidably, there appear a great number of problems caused by haphazard construction, uncontrolled activities of development companies and their aggressive reclamation of suburban territories resulting in crisis phenomena, such as spontaneous trash dumps, oil and water pollution, and green belt destruction. The ways of solving these problems are complicated and costly. The objective of this article is to form a new principle of designing urban and suburban areas where the basis of the project, its chief idea is a fragment of living nature (the first nature) organically implanted in a new architectural context (the second nature). The result of this approach can be a new area where it will be possible not only to combine architecture and nature but also to create conditions for their synchronous development. A way of solving this actual problem of preserving the first nature is to analyze contemporary Russia’s and worldwide experience of designing new residential areas, complexes and architectural clusters. Objectives of combining new technologies. The ideas of the article items can become a foundation for elaborating a method of design for an essentially new urban environment. Primarily, these methods are intended for inspiring young designers’ creative search, forming their artistic and project thinking based on new imagery. The first nature as a source of inspiration and a factor of form creation and style. A new attitude to the living environment as an integral organism will help to create a new living environment, really beautiful and comfortable – one of sustainable development.
Social Poll, as One of the Most Important Elements of a Complex Approach for Improvement of Banking
Authors: Kasyanov V F , Danilchenko V I , Amelin V Yu , Tolmacheva V M , Solovev D B
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the current issues of improvement of embankments of the rivers city of Moscow. City government attaches paramount importance renovation and reconstruction of embankment rivers of the Moscow. The results of a sociological survey of public opinion using a questionnaire are presented. The obtained data should contribute to solving problems that are aimed at making the embankments a comfortable and interesting place for citizens and tourists.