bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parameters correction of an elliptical equation using an a posteriori estimate
Authors: Abaali Mostafa
Published: May 2024

In nature several phenomena touch humanity to act and control these phenomena we try to model their evolution. To simplify the study of the equations obtained, most of the time we try to use linear forms and in this way modelling errors are made which can influence the correct analysis of these phenomena. In this work we focus on the Richards' equation, where the coefficients changes their forms from a given value hs: This value is unknown then the coefficients are approximated. We prove an a priori and an a posteriori estimates on the modelling error. This estimates allows us, using local indicators, to build an adaptive algorithm to control the modelling error and automatically determine the "best" approximation of hs. Numerical results confirm theconvergence of this procedure and the interest of this approach.
Protecting Flowers of Fruit Trees From Frost With Dynamic Agrivoltaic Systems
Authors: Lopez Gerardo , Juillion Perrine , Hitte Vincent , Elamri Yassin , Montrognon Yannick , Chopard Jérôme , Persello Séverine , Fumey Damien
Published: May 2024

Spring frost is a risk for fruit tree production. In this study, a dynamic agrivoltaic system (AV) was tested as a solution to protect trees from frosts. The study was done in a nectarine AV in France in 2022 and 2023. The AV plot was paired with an adjacent control plot without panels. Air temperature nearby the trees was measured continuously with thermo-hygrometers each year. In 2022 and 2023 frost sensors to mimic organ temperature were also used. In 2023, bud temperatures were continuously measured during bloom. Frosts during bloom were observed in 2022 and 2023 but only the 2022 frost was associated with flower damage. Solar panels were positioned in horizontal position during the nights with frost. Night air temperature nearby the AV trees was warmer in comparison with control trees (increases between 0.27 and 0.47 °C). An increase between 0.25-1.29 °C was also observed for frost sensors and between 1.61-1.69 °C for the flower buds. Phenology was similar between control and AV trees. In 2002, 35% of control flowers were injured during frost while less than 10% were injured in the AV. We conclude that agrivoltaics can be used to protect flowers from frost.
Research on Evaluation Indicators of AgriVoltaics
Authors: Fan Liulu , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Wenjun , Ali Abaker Omer Altyeb , Liu Wen
Published: May 2024

In recent years, with the popularization of environmental protection concepts and the continuous development of new energy technologies, agrivoltaics has attracted increasing attention and become an important direction of new agricultural development as a new type of agricultural planting method and new energy utilization method. This article classifies ground-based agrivoltaic schemes into three categories according to different management and distributions of solar radiation: intensity management, spectrum management, and time management. The article also details the performance of high-quality schemes proposed by our research team for these three categories. In addition, the article proposes four evaluation indicators for agrivoltaic schemes: land equivalent ratio (LER), return on investment (ROI), water-saving performance, and crop-friendliness, and calculates the performance of different schemes proposed by our research team based on these indicators. Finally, we recommend using these four dimensions to evaluate the performance of agrivoltaic schemes.
Forage Biomass and Nutritive Value of Grasses and Legumes Grown Under Agrivoltaic Systems
Authors: Portner Sabrina , Heins Bradley , Buchanan Eric , Reese Michael
Published: May 2024

Forage crops grown underneath ground-mounted photovoltaic systems (PV) may provide a feed source for livestock production. The objective was to evaluate forage biomass and nutritive value of crops, grasses and legumes grown under different PV conditions. Forages were planted underneath a 30-kilowatt PV site (30kW), a 50-kilowatt PV site (50kW) and one control site without PV (CON) in May 2022 with four replicates per site. Forage crops included alfalfa, field peas, meadow fescue, orchard grass, red clover, brown midrib sorghumsudan grass, white clover and 3 grass and legume mixes with either alfalfa, red clover, or white clover. Biomass samples were clipped at appropriate maturity levels for grazing. Samples were sorted for botanical composition and analyzed for nutrient value. Crop biomass, dry matter and nutrient values were analyzed with PROC Mixed of SAS with the fixed effects of site (30kW, 50kW, or Con), crop nested within site, and cutting (1st or 2nd) and the random effect of replicate nested within site. Forages produced less biomass at the 30kW (563.7 kg/ha) and 50kW (446.4 kg/ha) solar sites compared to CON (1099.7 kg/ha). The 50kW forages had greater crude protein on a dry matter basis (25.8%) than the 30kW (21.4%) and CON (20.9%). The 50kW (57.1%) forages also had greater total tract neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility than the 30kW (52.5%) and CON (51.0%). Additionally, the 50kW forages had greater percent calcium (1.05%) compared to the 30kW (0.75%) and CON (0.84%). Forage biomass and nutrient values varied based on the solar array design and amount of sun exposure.
Harnessing multisector data to guide policy decision-making to help reduce malnutrition: findings from implementing the National Information Platforms for Nutrition in Africa, Asia and South America
Authors: Dolan Carmel M , Shojam J , Geniez P , Baille B , Barrington L , Onsomu E , Kiplagat I , Katungu J , Kipruto S , Balarabe M
Published: May 2024

Background

An independent assessment was undertaken of the National Information Platform for Nutrition (NIPN) initiative. It examined whether NIPN has contributed to supporting the capacities of national authorities in Scaling up Nutrition (SUN) Movement countries to harness multisector nutrition-relevant data for informing nutrition policy and decision-making.

Methods

A study protocol was developed to assess NIPNs contribution to indirect outcomes and the NIPN Theory of Change (ToC) was revised to guide the approach. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Criteria (DAC) were used to assess NIPNs Relevance, Coherence, Effectiveness, Impact and Sustainability. Data was gathered through extensive document reviews, structured stakeholder interviews and through country visits to Bangladesh, Kenya and Niger.

Results

There is unanimity in the relevance of NIPN given the critical need for nutrition relevant multisector data and its analysis to help guide national policy and decision-making to tackle malnutrition. Coherence has been achieved through embedding ownership and activities in national statistics and policy relevant institutions though allied initiatives are not yet adequately harnessed. Each NIPN country has developed new capabilities to identify critical nutrition policy questions and analyse complex population level multisector data to address these questions and disseminate findings through policy briefing materials. Significant impacts are already being achieved through strengthening nutrition relevant data monitoring across sectors, re-analysis of complex data sets, improved visualization of data and through advocacy for more timely nutrition relevant data. More time and appropriate metrics are needed to assess the policy impact of NIPN activities, though in several countries the right environment to influence and change sector and multisector nutrition policies has been created. NIPN relies almost entirely on donor funding for its costs but increasing demand for NIPN products together with national ownership is seen as more likely to bring some degree of sustainability.

Conclusions

NIPN works as a proof of concept demonstrating that working toward a more conducive environment for evidence-based decision-making in countries with a high burden of malnutrition is possible. Initiatives like NIPN are vital to operationalise multisector nutrition actions plans and achieve national targets and global commitments in nutrition.
The Effect of Intelligence Games on Primary School 4th Grade Students' Mental Skill Levels
Authors: Emine.balci@alanya.edu.tr Emine.balci@alanya.edu.tr , Cenk Gülşen
Published: May 2024

This research was aimed to analyze the effects of intelligence games on the mental skill levels of fourth grade students. The research was carried out in a public school located in Manavgat district of Antalya province. The study group of the research consists of 40 volunteer students (20 in the experimental group, 20 in the control group) studying in two different branches of the 4th grades in the spring term of the 2021-2022 academic year. The research was designed in the form of a pre-test and post-test control group and the quantitative data of the research were collected through the 'Mental Skill Assessment Test' developed by Marangoz (2018). The experimental group was given a total of 16 hours of intelligence games training for eight weeks, two lessons per week (80 minutes). In the research, a valid and reliable ready-made test developed by Marangoz (2018) (Mental Skill Assessment Test) was used to evaluate students' mental skill levels (concentration of attention, strategic thinking, analysing, part-whole relationship, visual perception and use of clues). This test was applied to the experimental and control groups as a pre-test and post-test. The Normality Test was conducted to investigate the normal distribution of the data as a result of the research. In the research, 6 different intelligence games were used for eight weeks. In order to examine the relationship between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups before the application, the dependent sample t-test was performed. In the research, it was observed that there was a significant increase in the mental skills of the experimental group students, who were played 6 different intelligence games for eight weeks. According to the results of the research, we can say that intelligence games improve the mental skills levels of students.
Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Primary PCI in Patients with Acute STEMI
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Salam Abdul , Zaman Qamar , Latif Aslam , Deep Amar , Ahmed Sara
Published: May 2024

Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant health concern worldwide, with a notable increase in prevalence in developing nations. Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represents the most critical manifestation of CAD, often leading to high mortality rates. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a cornerstone treatment for patients with STEMI, but accessibility and affordability continue to be significant considerations, affecting outcomes. Methodology: A descriptive case series study was conducted to evaluate the clinical outcomes of primary PCI in patients with acute STEMI. The study encompassed a six-month period at a leading cardiology institute. Inclusion criteria were met by patients who received informed consent and underwent reperfusion therapy through established medical approaches. Data on key outcomes like acute stent thrombosis, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and mortality rates were meticulously collected and analyzed. Results: The study comprised 400 individuals with an average age in the late fifties, predominantly male. A fraction of patients experienced acute stent thrombosis and stroke, while a slightly higher percentage developed atrial fibrillation. Notably, mortality was observed in a modest percentage of the patients, with a higher incidence in those above sixty years of age. Conclusion: Primary PCI is an effective treatment for acute STEMI, yet the outcomes, particularly acute stent thrombosis, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and mortality, are considerably high among the elderly population. These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to improve the prognosis for this age group. Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Acute STEMI, Clinical outcomes, Cardiology, Treatment accessibility.
Association Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Occurrence of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Jabeen Mehwish , Haider Ghulam , Sehar Sana , Rani Berkha , Nasir Sana , Khan Muhammad Owais , Devi Sona , Khan Shumaila Nawaz
Published: May 2024

Aim: Esophageal cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer deaths globally, has been linked to body mass index (BMI). Studies have shown varying associations between BMI and different subtypes of esophageal cancer, namely adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. However, there is limited literature from Pakistan on this topic. This study aims to investigate the association between BMI and the occurrence of esophageal cancer in a Pakistani population. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Oncology Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Pakistan. Participants included patients over 18 years old with suspected adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma of the esophagus. The study utilized a non-probability consecutive sampling technique, and data was collected using a predefined proforma. The association between BMI and types of esophageal carcinoma was analyzed using Chi-square tests. Results: The study found a statistically significant relationship between increasing BMI and the risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. Conversely, a lower BMI was associated with a higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma. These findings align with existing literature that suggests different BMI associations with esophageal cancer subtypes. Conclusion: This study underscores the distinct relationships between BMI and different types of esophageal cancer. It highlights the importance of considering BMI as a factor in the risk assessment for esophageal cancer, particularly in the Pakistani population. Keywords: Esophageal Cancer, Body Mass Index (BMI), Adenocarcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Concordance Rate of Pre-Operative Radiological Stage with Postoperative Pathological Stage in Colon Cancer
Authors: Jabeen Mehwish , Haider Ghulam , Sehar Sana , Rani Berkha , Nasir Sana , Khan Muhammad Owais , Devi Sona , Khan Shumaila Nawaz
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study aimed to assess the concordance rate between pre-operative radiological staging using CT imaging and postoperative pathological staging in patients with colon cancer. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Oncology Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Pakistan, with ethical committee approval between February 2023 to July 2023. Inclusion criteria involved patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma aged >18 receiving treatment at the center, while exclusion criteria comprised unconfirmed colon cancer, lack of consent, benign colonic polyps, metastatic cancer, chemotherapy recipients, and incomplete data. Sample size estimation yielded 227 patients. Recruitment used consecutive sampling, and data were collected using a predefined proforma. CT scans were performed, and T-stage was assessed by radiologists and pathologists. Histological analysis followed established guidelines, with final pathology serving as the gold standard. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of CT imaging was evaluated, with statistically significant concordance found between CT scans and histopathological diagnoses (p-value = 0.046). CT scans demonstrated a sensitivity of 57.14% for Stage I tumors and a specificity of 88.18% for Stage II-III tumors. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 13.3%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 98.48%, resulting in an overall accuracy of 87.22%. These findings suggest that CT imaging is valuable for identifying Stage II-III tumors, exhibiting good specificity and NPV, although sensitivity and PPV for Stage I tumors were comparatively lower. Chi-square testing confirmed the statistical significance of these results (p-value ≤ 0.05) Conclusion: This study highlights the utility of CT imaging in pre-operative staging of colon cancer, particularly for Stage II-III tumors, where it exhibits notable accuracy. However, improvements may be needed to enhance sensitivity and PPV for Stage I tumors. Keywords: Colon cancer, CT imaging, pathological staging, concordance rate, diagnostic accuracy.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Polyethylene Glycol with Sodium Phosphate for Gut Preparation in children undergoing Proctoscopy
Authors: Siddiqi Umair Khaliq , Sharif Muhammad , Rafiq Hafiza Mariam , Malik Hamza , Bashir Muhammad Kashif , Adnan Hafiz Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Background: The outcome of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as proctoscopy, colonoscopy, and endoscopy relies on thorough bowel preparation, ensuring a complete view of the colonic mucosa. Aim: To compare polyethylene glycol with sodium phosphate for gut preparation in children undergoing proctoscopy. Methods: We conducted a study on pediatric patients aged 3 to 14 years who underwent elective proctoscopy. The study took place in the pediatric surgical ward of Mayo Hospital, Lahore, following approval from the hospital's Ethical Committee. We educated the parents or guardians of patients preoperatively about the use of bowl preparatory agents, their effectiveness, outcomes, side effects, complications, and informed consent. We divided the children into two groups to determine the method of bowl preparation. Patients in Group 'A' underwent bowl preparation using polyethylene glycol. Results: There were 60 patients, with 30 in each group. Patients in Group 'A' were given bowl preparation with polyethylene glycol. Before the proctoscopy, the patients underwent a 1-day PEG 3350 bowel preparation regimen. While group B had bowel preparation with sodium phosphate enema, the patients' mean ages were 4.46 years. In group A, there were 16 males and 14 females, while in group B, there were 19 males and 11 females. In group A, 11 patients demonstrated excellent compliance, 12 showed partial compliance, and 7 showed poor compliance with polyethylene glycol. While in group B, 22 patients showed excellent compliance, and 8 patients showed good compliance. Practical Implication: The study suggests that both polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium phosphate enema are suitable for pediatric patients undergoing proctoscopy. However, compliance rates vary between the two methods. Patients in group A showed varying levels of compliance, while those in group B showed higher compliance. Therefore, healthcare providers should consider sodium phosphate enema for improved patient adherence and procedural outcomes. This highlights the importance of assessing compliance rates for informed decision-making. Conclusion: In our experience, sodium phosphate enema was superior to oral polyethylene glycol in terms of compliance and adequacy of gut preparation. There were also fewer side effects with the sodium phosphate enema. Keywords: Polyethylene glycol, proctoscopy, gut preparation
La CUT en el gobierno de Salvador Allende: el sindicalismo paraestatal y la agencia histórica por la vía chilena al socialismo
Authors: Orellana Paola
Published: May 2024

En este artículo se estudia el mundo del trabajo desde una perspectiva distinta a la tradicional. Tratará sobre la colaboración sindical con el Estado, para problematizar cuál ha sido el papel de una central al integrarse al poder político. Un caso paradigmático, para entender al sindicalismo de colaboración, corresponde a la experiencia de la Central Única de Trabajadores (CUT) durante el gobierno del presidente Salvador Allende (1970-1973). El objetivo general es examinar el sindicalismo paraestatal de la central por alcanzar cambios estructurales, así como las transformaciones que experimentaron sus tradiciones de clase desde el poder político. La hipótesis de este estudio es que la CUT transformó su tradición de oposición en sindicalismo paraestatal, pues se integró al poder político. Esto no implicó dependencia absoluta del gobierno, tampoco alejarse del movimiento sindical. Desde un punto de vista distinto de lo que se ha dicho, demostró su agencia y vínculo con el mundo del trabajo. El papel que desempeñó consistió en la colaboración con el gobierno, desde la lucha por la profundización de la democracia y la vía chilena al socialismo, constituyéndose en un actor relevante de la revolución.
Gastronomik kimlik ve miras bağlamında bir bibliyometrik analiz
Authors: Oğan Yener
Published: May 2024

Gastronomik kimlik, mutfak kültürünü oluşturan ve diğer mutfaklardan farklılaştıran özelliklerin tamamıdır. Gastronomik miras ise bir mutfağa ait olan yemekler, ürünler, pişirme teknikleri, araç-gereçler, sunum, etkinlikler olmak üzere nesilden nesile aktarılmış kültürel unsurları kapsamaktadır. Dolayısıyla gastronomik kimlik ve gastronomik miras kavramları arasında birbiriyle yakın ilişki bulunmaktadır. Buradan hareketle çalışmada ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde gastronomik kimlik ve miras üzerine yayınlanan makalelerin bibliyometrik analiz yöntemine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ulusal makaleler için TR Dizin veri tabanında “gastronomik” anahtar kelimesiyle birlikte “kimlik” ve “miras”, uluslararası makaleler için Scopus veri tabanında “gastronomic” anahtar kelimesiyle birlikte “identity” ve “heritage” kelimeleriyle tarama yapılmıştır. 2013-2023 yılları arasında yayımlanan toplam 402 makale değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Bu makaleler VOSviewer analiz programında betimsel açıdan ilişki analizi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bibliyografik verilere ilişkin yazar/lar, atıflar, kurumlar, anahtar kelimeler ve ülkeler gibi çeşitli parametreler tablo ve şekiller aracılığıyla sunulmuştur. Çalışmada konuya ilişkin makalelerin çoğunlukla son yıllarda yayınlandığı, sosyal bilimlerin temel bir çalışma alanı olduğu, anahtar kelimelerden yer adlarının önem taşıdığı ve turizm, gastronomi, gıda ile ilgili dergilerde daha fazla yayınlandığı tespit edilmiştir. TR Dizin veri tabanı ile Scopus veri tabanı arasında ise yazar, yıl, konu, yayın sayısı, anahtar kelime, dergi, kurum, dil ve ülke/bölge olmak üzere belirgin farklılıklar olduğu görülmektedir.
Metodologia pedagógica para educação inclusiva aprimorada por tecnologia: estudo de caso de um curso ead de computação e robótica para professores indígenas
Authors: Fausto Ilma Rodrigues de Souza , Leta Fabiana Rodrigues , Braz Ruth Maria Mariani
Published: May 2024

Este estudo introduz a Metodologia Pedagógica COMP-LETE, que combina princípios pedagógicos e tecnológicos para fomentar uma aprendizagem inclusiva e significativa. Destaca-se a relevância da educação inclusiva e da incorporação de tecnologias, baseando-se em teorias consolidadas tanto na área educacional quanto tecnológica. São abordados os desafios enfrentados pela Educação a Distância (EaD) na capacitação de professores, como a literacia digital e o acesso à tecnologia. São apresentados resultados positivos da aplicação dessa metodologia em um curso de formação em computação e robótica para professores indígenas, ressaltando o aumento do envolvimento e a colaboração entre os participantes.
Inhibiting the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) Cascade in Cancer and the Heart: for Better or Worse, in Sickness and Health?
Authors: Clerk Angela
Published: May 2024

Review
Inhibiting the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) Cascade in Cancer and the Heart: for Better or Worse, in Sickness and Health?

Angela Clerk *, Shona U Amadi, Samuel J Smith, and Peter H Sugden

School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK
* Correspondence: a.clerk@reading.ac.uk
 
Received: 3 April 2024; Revised: 27 April 2024; Accepted: 29 April 2024; Published: 23 May 2024
 
Abstract: The extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are the prototypic mitogen-activated protein kinases, first discovered and investigated in the context of cell division and their role in cancer. ERK1/2 are phosphorylated and activated by upstream kinases, MEK1/2 (also known as MKK1/2) that are in turn phosphorylated and activated by RAF kinases (RAF1, BRAF, ARAF), these being activated by small G proteins of the RAS family (HRAS, KRAS, NRAS). The oncogenic nature of the pathway has resulted in the generation of highly specific inhibitors that are successfully used to treat cancer, particularly melanoma. Those in clinical use currently inhibit some isoforms of RAS, RAF kinases and MEK1/2, with additional inhibitors of these kinases in clinical trials. New drugs are now entering the clinic to inhibit ERK1/2 themselves. The ERK1/2 cascade is also important in the heart. It promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardioprotection to counter pathophysiological stresses, and plays a significant role in enhancing cardiac fibrosis with detrimental consequences for cardiac function. Here, we summarise the role of ERK1/2 signalling in cancer and the heart, we outline the development of ERK1/2 cascade inhibitors for cancer providing information on those that are approved as cancer treatments and those which are in clinical trials, and we discuss the known and predicted consequences of these ERK1/2 cascade inhibitors for the heart. Integral with this, we consider whether these drugs are necessarily detrimental to the heart or if/when they may be repurposed to prevent or treat heart failure.
DEVELOPMENT OF FAST FOOD MIXTURE TECHNOLOGY FOR PEOPLE WITH PREDISPOSITION TO CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
Authors:   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Klokonos M.V. , Ivanova N.G. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Nikitin I.A. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Danelyan V. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Zabaluevahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-8811 Yu.Yu. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management
Published: May 2024

Today «fast food» production is developing very rapidly. In some cases, fast food products act as food substitutes. The most important way to create such products is to enrich mass-consumed food products with the missing physiologically functional ingredient. In this case one should take into account individual needs based on the analysis of genetic research data. A food mixture recipe has been developed for nourishing people with predisposition to cardiovascular diseases. The results of chemical composition analysis of the developed product made it possible to establish that the partial replacement of maltodextrin with stevia, isolated soy protein with dry egg yolk, as well as the addition of the fortifying additive «Tsegepal 03-C», a premix (dietary supplement) of polyunsaturated fatty acids ω-3 and ω-6 VitaMeal led to an increase in the content of nutrients needed by people with predisposition to CVD - vitamins A and E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, folates, pantothenic acid, choline, ω-3 and ω-6 – by 100%, vitamin B12 – by 50 %.
REVIEW OF MODERN PHOTOSEPARATORS
Authors:   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Stukalova A.V. , Yampilov S.S. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Baldanov V.B. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management
Published: May 2024

Currently there is a problem of cleaning grain from hard-to-separate impurities (Tatar buckwheat, etc.), which differ slightly in size from the main grain in density and in speed of soaring. Therefore, it is practically difficult to clean grain material from hard-to-separate impurities on existing grain cleaning machines. However, recently new grain cleaning machines have appeared that, using high technology - technical vision; separate various impurities by color and particle shape from the particles of the main grain. The particles of Tatar buckwheat differ from the main grain of wheat in color and shape, since they have the shape of a tetrahedron. The article analyses existing grain-cleaning machines with technical vision - photoseparators, made in different countries and their technical characteristics It describes general principle of photoseparator operation, based on the operation of special chambers with the set of necessary parameters for cleaning grain from various impurities, special devices for blowing impurities into a separate compartment. The analysis of various photo separators has shown that they have high cost. It is necessary to develop a photoseparator for cleaning grain from hard-to-separate impurities. ESSUTM has developed a separator for grain purification using technical vision.
Diretrizes da Sustentabilidade no Planejamento dos Institutos Federais de Educação na Amazônia Brasileira
Authors: Almeida Valdiney Ferreira de , Simão Maria Olívia de Albuquerque Ribeiro , Milhomem Karina de Oliveira , Vieira Afonso , Almeida Graciele Bianquim de , Barbosa Valmir Ramalho , Limont Marcelo , Yunes Neto Camilo
Published: May 2024

A problemática ambiental advinda da crise civilizatória e marcada pelo uso exacerbado de bens e recursos naturais tem alinhado cada vez mais as instituições de ensino superior (IES) a repensar seu papel educacional rumo à integração para o desenvolvimento sustentável pelas suas ações de gestão ambiental (GA) assim como a postura que deve ser tomada pela gestão na adoção de ferramentas de avaliação de sustentabilidade, como o UI GreenMetric World University Ranking. Estas instituições têm papel preponderante enquanto organizações sociais na formação daquele que atua e atuará como crítico e tomador de decisões no ambiente que vivemos. A sustentabilidade em IES revela traçados no âmbito educacional, na preparação e inclusão da comunidade acadêmica, na construção de conhecimento e práticas de GA aplicadas às atividades acadêmicas e administrativas. A maximização da sustentabilidade pelas IES é necessária, ainda mais na região amazônica que está próxima do seu ponto de não retorno, o que gerará impactos locais e globais. Com o intuito de orientar dos Institutos Federais (IFs) e IES, este artigo analisou o processo de planejamento para a sustentabilidade dos IFs na Amazônia brasileira através de análise documental. Os resultados apontam que há similaridade parcial de estrutura, organização e de planejamento. Contudo, suas ações de GAs não são sistêmicas, e executam ações pontuais, o que as distanciam de potencial integração, entrada e execução às ferramentas de GA, necessitando de diretrizes que integrem a sustentabilidade em seu planejamento, nos documentos institucionais, infraestrutura setorial, adesão à ferramentas, no fazer benchmarking e formação de rede. Estes resultados são úteis para evidenciar potencialidades e limitações institucionais, contribuindo à sustentabilidade integrada.
LipNet: End-to-End Lipreading
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, St. Albert’s College, Kochi (Kerala), India., Jishnu T S  , Antony Anju ,   Department of Computer Science, St. Albert’s College, Kochi (Kerala), India.
Published: May 2024

Lipreading is the task of decoding text from the movement of a speaker’s mouth. This research presents the development of an advanced end-to-end lipreading system. Leveraging deep learning architectures and multimodal fusion techniques, the proposed system interprets spoken language solely from visual cues, such as lip movements. Through meticulous data collection, annotation, preprocessing, model development, and evaluation, diverse datasets encompassing various speakers, accents, languages, and environmental conditions are curated to ensure robustness and generalization. Conventional methods divided the task into two phases: prediction and designing or learning visual characteristics. Most deep lipreading methods are trainable from end to end. In the past, lipreading has been tackled using tedious and sometimes unsatisfactory techniques that break down speech into smaller units like phonemes or visemes. But these methods often fail when faced with real-world problems, such contextual factors, accents, and differences in speech patterns. Nevertheless, current research on end-to-end trained models only carries out word classification; sentence-level sequence prediction is not included. LipNet is an end-to-end trained model that uses spatiotemporal convolutions, a recurrent network, and the connectionist temporal classification loss to translate a variable-length sequence of video frames to text. LipNet breaks from this traditional paradigm by using an all-encompassing, end-to-end approach supported by deep learning algorithms, Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), which are skilled at processing sequential data and extracting high-level representations, are fundamental to LipNet's architecture.LipNet achieves 95.2% accuracy in sentence-level on the GRID corpus, overlapped speaker split task, outperforming experienced human lipreaders and the previous 86.4% word-level state-of-the-art accuracy.The results underscore the transformative potential of the lipreading system in real-world applications, particularly in domains such as assistive technology and human-computer interaction, where it can significantly improve communication accessibility and inclusivity for individuals with hearing impairments.
Text to Image Conversion using Stable Diffusion
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, St. Albert’s College, Kochi (Kerala), India., Correya Ashy , Amrutha N  ,   Department of Computer Science, St. Albert’s College, Kochi (Kerala), India.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we introduce a pioneering technique for translating textual descriptions into visually compelling images using stable diffusion methods, with a particular emphasis on the latent diffusion model (LDM). Our approach represents a departure from conventional methods like Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and AttnGAN, offering enhanced accuracy and diversity in the generated images. Through extensive experimentation and comparative analysis, we validate the efficacy of our method. Leveraging the LAION-5B dataset, we fine-tune the stable diffusion model, resulting in superior performance in text-to-image conversion tasks. Our findings underscore substantial advancements in accuracy, showcasing the promise of stable diffusion-based approaches across a spectrum of applications. By embracing stable diffusion techniques, we overcome some of the limitations encountered in previous methodologies. This enables us to achieve a higher fidelity in image generation while maintaining a diverse output spectrum. Our method excels in capturing intricate details and nuances specified in textual descriptions, facilitating a more faithful translation from text to image. The significance of our work extends beyond mere technical improvements. By pushing the boundaries of image synthesis, we contribute to the evolution of artificial intelligence, fostering new possibilities for creative expression and content generation. Our approach not only enhances the capabilities of AI systems but also democratizes the process of image creation, empowering users to effortlessly translate their ideas into visually stunning representations. Through our research, we aim to inspire further exploration and innovation in the realm of text-to-image conversion. The success of stable diffusion-based methods underscores their potential to revolutionize various domains, including computer vision, graphic design, and multimedia content creation. As we continue to refine and optimize these techniques, we anticipate even greater strides in the field of AI, ushering in a new era of intelligent image synthesis and interpretation.
Exploring the Capacity of Agricultural Residue as a Sustainable Energy Resource to Enhance Madagascar's Energy Security
Authors:   College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai, 200092, China., Anicaelle VITA Michelle , Tao Dr. WANG ,   College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai, 200092, China., Feng Prof. WANG ,   College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai, 200092, China.
Published: May 2024

Biomass represents a significant and emerging energy source. This study assessed and compared the potentiality of agricultural waste to be converted into renewable energy sources in Madagascar. A model for estimating biomass energy potential was exploited, and relevant data about crop and animal populations was extracted from the Food and Agriculture Organization's statistics database (FAOSTAT). Five types of crop residue were considered, including rice, sugarcane, corn, beans, and cassava, and four animal species like cattle, pigs, chickens, and sheep. Diverse conversion actors; the Ratio Product (RPR), Surplus Availability Factor (SAF), and Low Heating Value (LHV), were obtained from various literature sources and were used to assess the potential energy from agricultural residue. Subsequently, all collected data were meticulously compiled utilizing Microsoft Excel and subjected to comprehensive descriptive analysis facilitated by the OriginLab software, enabling advanced data manipulation and visualization. Our findings reveal that Madagascar generates approximately 27.78 million tons of agricultural residue annually, with the potential to produce 181.91 petajoules (PJ) of energy, primarily derived from crop residue, estimated at 128.75 PJ annually, which constitutes 70.8% of the total energy potential. With appropriate technology, the estimated energy potential could fulfill 48.7% of total energy consumption in Madagascar. Consequently, future investigations should prioritize research efforts to identify and implement optimal conversion technologies.
Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors Affecting Adoption of Electric Vehicles in India
Authors:   Department of Economics, Eklavya School Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), India., Patil Swaraj
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the diverse socio-economic and demographic determinants that impact the adoption and growth of electric vehicles (EVs) in India. Quantitative research was conducted utilizing data from the Prowess IQ database. Growth of Electric Vehicles (GEV) is represented through the proxy of total income of ten prominent Indian EV manufacturing companies for eight years from 2016 to 2023. This is analyzed against nine independent variables including GDP, Per Capita Income, Age of Company, Population Density, Average Petrol/Diesel Price, Price of Electricity Per Unit, Average Household Electricity Consumption, and Vehicle Electricity Consumption, data for which was extracted from governmental and company websites. The study employed statistical methods, such as correlation and regression analysis, to examine the associations between the dependent and independent variables. The results depict notable positive correlations with GDP, per capita income, age of company, and population density, and negative correlations with the price of electricity and diesel. Regression analysis further substantiated six variables (population density, petrol prices, per capita income, GDP, diesel prices, and average household electricity consumption) as statistically significant contributors to GEV in India These findings point towards the need to leverage the positive drivers and mitigate the effects of negative correlates. Policies offering financial support tailored to demographic and economic contexts, might help achieve accelerated and sustainable growth for EVs in India. This study highlights the unique impact of demographic elements like population density on the EV market in India.
Strengthening Financial Resilience: A Holistic Approach to Combatting Fraud
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Gargi College (University of Delhi), New Delhi, India., Rohilla Dr. Amit
Published: May 2024

Financial fraud poses a persistent threat to individuals, businesses, and the broader economy, requiring a proactive and collaborative response. This paper navigates through the intricate landscape of financial fraud, addressing its various dimensions and offering a comprehensive strategy to fortify defenses. The overarching theme revolves around the critical nexus of innovation and entrepreneurship in the financial sector. Recognizing the significance of these elements in shaping the contemporary business environment, the paper elucidates the key challenges and opportunities they present. The literature review provides a thorough examination of existing studies on innovation and entrepreneurship, identifying gaps and areas for further research. Major theories, frameworks, and models relevant to the theme are explored, supplemented by insightful case studies showcasing successful endeavors in these domains. A meticulously crafted conceptual framework integrates essential concepts related to innovation and entrepreneurship. This framework not only clarifies key terms but also informs the subsequent analysis by establishing theoretical underpinnings. The research methodology section delineates the chosen approach, whether qualitative, quantitative, or a mix of both. It justifies the selected methods, outlines data collection techniques, sampling strategies, and acknowledges any inherent limitations. Moving into the heart of the paper, the analysis and findings section presents the results of research or analysis. Visuals such as charts or graphs augment the discussion, offering a visual representation of key findings. These findings are then dissected and connected back to the conceptual framework and the literature reviewed. In the subsequent discussion section, the results are interpreted within the broader context of innovation and entrepreneurship. Practical implications for businesses, policymakers, or researchers are dissected, addressing unexpected results and limitations encountered during the study. Possible avenues for future study are also discovered. The concluding section ties together the main points, revisits the initial objectives, and emphasizes the paper’s key contributions to the field. The conclusion doesn’t merely recapitulate; it offers practical insights and recommendations derived from the collective insights gained throughout the paper. In essence, this paper provides a roadmap for fortifying defenses against financial fraud, proposing recommendations for businesses, policymakers, and regulatory bodies. By embracing collaboration, technological innovation, and prioritizing awareness, the strategies outlined aim to contribute to a more secure financial landscape.
Youth Violence in 'The Glory': A Social Psychological Analysis
Authors: Zhao Chenxuan
Published: May 2024

Bullying and youth violence, when neglected, lead to troubled behaviour among children in terms of self-harm, suicidal tendencies and prevalence of emotional, mental and physical distress among children. Persistent acts of bullying and harassment can lead to emotional distress and worsening impacts of rejection, despair, depression, anxiety, exclusion and isolation. Facing severe consequences and being at greater risk for behavioural issues and mental ailments are persistent among children being bullied at school and during childhood. This is a case analysis of the Netflix drama series The Glory, highlighting the long-lasting impact of childhood bullying incidents on the emotional turmoil of children because of the lack of adult interference and interventions taken to address such violent behaviour. As Media has a huge reach across regions, through reference to this Netflix Korean drama series, this study highlights the subject of youth violence and school bullying and emphasises the need for immediate intervention.
Construction of Sagrada Famlia --Building the Architecture and Sacred Space in the Modern World
Authors: Qiu Hongjun
Published: May 2024

This research report examines the construction and evolution of the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, focusing on the level of complexities of the global debates on the proceeding construction of the project. This study delves into the original vision of the second leading architect, Antoni Gaudi, and his political perspective within the church, then subsequent shifts into the transforming design philosophy after Gaudis death, considering factors such as tourism and urban plans. Through a thorough analysis of architecture itself, this research investigates the ongoing debate over the cathedrals completion and the concept of sacred space, revealing the tension between the churchs initial identity and the continuing of construction of novel sacred space. The study concludes that the cathedral has evolved into a symbol not only of the Catalan community but also of broader application such as religious tourism, continuing to drift away from Gaudis insightful purpose, however, reshaping the sacred space benefits the society economically.
A Two-Way Choice: The Medieval Pipe Organ and the Development of Medieval Church Music
Authors: Zheng Lijun
Published: May 2024

The pipe organ during the medieval period played a significant role in religious ceremonies and worship. During this time, the pipe organ was the primary instrument used in churches and cathedrals across Europe. Organ music of the medieval period was characterized by its solemnity, grandeur, and religious significance. This paper explores the intricate relationship between the medieval pipe organ and the development of church music during the medieval period. It examines the historical background, construction, religious significance, and evolution of the pipe organ alongside medieval church music and music education. This paper discusses the symbiotic connection between the advancement of the pipe organ and the education in medieval church music, highlighting the role of cultural, historical, and socio-political factors in shaping this relationship. Additionally, it explores the significance of the "Codex Faenza," a renowned collection of medieval instrumental works, in understanding the interplay between the pipe organ and medieval religion. Overall, the abstract underscores how the pipe organ served as more than a musical instrument; it acted as a cultural symbol, facilitating identity expression, cultural exploration, religious dissemination, and the display of power in medieval Europe.
Whether Different Languages Can Have Different Impacts on the Learning of Different Subjects?
Authors: Chen Kanyi
Published: May 2024

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research on second language acquisition, basically looking at the benefits of second language learning and how it can be done better. However, it is not clear whether the language can strengthen some areas of the brain, thus leading to the learning of some subjects in the region where the local language is learned being more advantageous or even easier to learn than in other regions. For example, mathematical ability in Asia, artistic ability in Europe, and the ability to distinguish snow colors in Skimmers. Therefore, this study will use a case study method to investigate whether the effects of bilingualism (dialect) or different languages on the brain and learning can have the same reinforcement as natural learners. The case study reveals the effect of language on the learning of some subjects, such as teaching in Chinese, which makes it easier for students to understand math vocabulary, and the possibility of learning a language to strengthen other subjects, which means that it is possible to intervene at a certain age to strengthen the learning ability.