bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UM EXERCÍCIO DE RESISTÊNCIA A PARTIR DE PRÁTICAS AUTOGESTIONÁRIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: De Lima Gian Cabral , Zamora Maria Helena
Published: July 2018

Resumo: O presente trabalho consiste no relato de uma experiência de campo ocorrida em uma escola estadual no município de Niterói. A discussão procura se pautar nas diretrizes da pesquisa interversão e da análise institucional para habitar o espaço existencial em questão com o objetivo de analisar as práticas educacionais exercidas neste campo. O método utilizado foi a cartografia de Gilles Deleuze e Felix Guattari. Foi analisada nesta instituição a possível emergência de um grupo sujeito e suas decorrentes práticas de liberdade exercidas através de um dispositivo criado pelos próprios participantes da pesquisa, um projeto pedagógico que visa uma educação libertadora e autogestionária. Todo o processo é pensado dentro do contexto socioeconômico brasileiro e fluminense, para, por fim, se dar a análise do que foi relatado.Palavras-chave: Experiência. Pedagogia. Escola.Abstract: The present work consists on the report of a field experience that occurred in a state school in the city of Niterói. The discussion tries to be guided by the guidelines of the interversion research and the institutional analysis to inhabit the existential space in question with the objective of analyzing the educational practices practiced in this field. The method used was the cartography of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari. It was analyzed in this institution the possible emergence of a subject group and its resulting practices of freedom exercised through a device created by the participants of the research, a pedagogical project that aims at a liberating education and self-management. The whole process is thought within the Brazilian and Rio de Janeiro socioeconomic context, in order, finally, to give the analysis of what was reported.Keywords: Experience. Pedagogy. School.
Buried bumper syndrome: do we have enough evidence?
Authors: Bennell Jose
Published: July 2018

Buried Bumper Syndrome (BBS) is a rare complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes. Advice in prevention guidelines differ, but locally agreed protocols can be agreed using the existing evidence. Consideration needs to be given as to how tightly a PEG is clipped after insertion to prevent gastric leakage, and how long after the procedure should it be loosened to prevent BBS. The distance a PEG tube is advanced and whether it should be rotated is also important in order to prevent BBS. The locally developed protocols need to include clear instructions for staff and patients and a supportive education programme, alongside clear record keeping.
Becoming more aware of sounds
Authors: Sargent Marianne
Published: July 2018

This is the second in a series of extracts from the book, Developing Early Literacy Skills Outdoors, which explores ideas for providing children with opportunities to learn outside.
EFFECT OF GOLIMUMAB ON IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS FOR BONE METABOLISM AND ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Knyazeva L. A. , Damjanov N. , Knyazeva L. I. , Meshcherina N. S. , Goryainov I. I.
Published: July 2018

Objective: to evaluate the effect of golimumab (GLM) on the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) transmembrane molecular system and arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Subjects and methods. Thirty-six patients with RA were examined and randomized into 2 groups based on disease duration (less than or more than 2 years). The serum levels of OPG, and RANKL, were investigated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and pulse wave contour analysis were performed before and 52 weeks after GLM treatment.

Results and discussion. Group 1 patients demonstrated increased serum OPG levels that were on average 3.6 times higher than in the controls (р=0.005) and 2.1 times higher than in Group 2 (р=0.01). In Group 2 patients, the RANKL concentration was 9-fold higher than that in the controls (p=0.001) and 30.6% higher than in Group 1 (p=0.01). The examinees were found to be diagnosed with subclinical damage to the great arteries (increases in augmentation index (AIp), stiffness index (SI), and reflection (RI) index), which progressed with a longer RA duration. After GLM treatment, serum OPG and RANKL levels decreased in Group 1 patients by 2.1- (p<0.001) and 1.7-fold (p<0.01), respectively. In Group 2, the level of RANKL dropped by 32.2% (p<0.01), without significant OPG concentration changes. After GLM treatment, the pulse wave contour analysis parameters in Group 1 did not differ from those in the controls; Group 2 showed significant decreases in AIp by an average of 1.8 times (p<0.01), in SI by 1.2 times (p<0.01), and in RI by 1.6 times (p<0.01).

Conclusion. GLM treatment in RA patients is accompanied by a lower imbalance in the RANKL/OPG transmembrane molecular system and exerts a vasoprotective effect on the large elastic vessels (reductions in AIp and SI) and small muscular arteries (a decrease in RI).
PRINCIPLES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE FIRST METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT
Authors: Nurmukhametov M. R.
Published: July 2018

At present, there is no general approach to choosing surgical tactics for hallux rigidus. Many surgical procedures are used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (FMPJ), which are relevant at different stages of the disease. Nevertheless, this fact also suggests that all proposed methods have one or other disadvantages. At the same time, FMPJ arthrodesis that relieves pain and is functionally inferior to joint-sparing surgery remains the gold standard. However, due to the fact that not only persons over the age of 50 years, but also younger patients often suffer from FMPJ OA, the most non-damaging option of joint-sparing surgery is cheilectomy with chondroplasty of the FMPJ, which allows restoration of painless joint motions, thus sparing the anatomy of the foot. Chondroplasty using the authologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC®) technique for knee, hip, and ankle cartilage defects is described. There are no reports on FMPJ chondroplasty with the AMIC method in either Russian or foreign literature.
Size Matters: The Impact of Loan Size on Measures of Disparate Treatment toward Minority Entrepreneurs in the Small Firm Credit Market
Authors: Jackson William E. , Marino Louis , Naidoo Jefrey S. , Tucker Reginald
Published: July 2018

This paper reports the results of investigating differences in measures of disparate treatment, or discrimination, in the small firm credit market that are related to loan size. Because small loans tend to be less profitable to originate than large loans, the competitive nature of the product markets for large and small loans may be quite different. Becker suggests that more competition will reduce the level of discrimination in a market. And some market-based evidence of Becker’s competition effect has been reported in the literature on discrimination in the small firm credit market. We add to this literature by considering the impact of differing levels of competition across products (i.e. small versus large loans). The results for our small loan subsample exhibit strong evidence of disparate treatment, or discrimination, against African-American entrepreneurs. However, the results for the large loan subsample are statistically different. In particular, for the large loan subsample there is no significant evidence of discrimination, or disparate treatment, against African-American entrepreneurs applying for business loans. This strongly suggests that the current evidence of discrimination in the small firm credit market needs to be reconsidered for public policy application purposes.
When not to tell stories: Unnatural narrative in applied narratology
Authors: Moenandar Sjoerd-Jeroen
Published: July 2018

Interest in literary fiction and literary theory from other academic fields and professional practices of storytelling has often been limited to what we could call an Aristotelian narrative approach, with its emphasis on coherence and closure. In this paper, I critically assess interdisciplinary applications of narratological theory as being too limited. After all, literature also offers an alternative narrative tradition, that of, anti-mimetic or ‘unnatural’ narratives. This tradition could enrich what is referred to in this paper as ‘applied narratology’: the transfer of narratological methods and findings to professional practices of narrative. When faced with the confusion of border experiences (Bühler), the institutionalised exclusion of otherness or traumatic experiences, we can greatly benefit from unnatural narrative, which exemplifies how coherence and closure can become oppressive. I also explore the example ofThe Long Awaited, a novel by Dutch-Moroccan author Abdelkader Benali, which together withThe Tin Drumby Günter Grass andMidnight’s Childrenby Salman Rushdie forms the minor literary tradition of ‘the tragic picaro’, a specific type of unnatural narrative. It is argued that such literary narrative experiments may offer interesting models for interdisciplinary applications of narratological theory.
k-spaces and duals of non-archimedean metrizable locally convex spaces
Authors: Perez-Garcia Maria Cristina
Published: July 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the non-archimedean counterpart of the classical result stating that the dual of a real or complex metrizable locally convex space, equipped with the locally convex topology of uniform convergence on compact sets, belongs to the topological category formed by the k-spaces. We prove that this counterpart holds when the non-archimedean valued base field

𝕂

{\mathbb{K}}

is locally compact, but fails for any non-locally compact

𝕂

{\mathbb{K}}

. Here we deal with a topological subcategory, the one formed by the

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces, the adequate non-archimedean substitutes for k-spaces. As a product, we complete some of the achievements on the non-archimedean Banach–Dieudonné Theorem presented in
[C. Perez-Garcia and W. H. Schikhof, The p-adic Banach–Dieudonné theorem and semi-compact inductive limits,
p-adic Functional Analysis (Poznań 1998), Lecture Notes Pure Appl. Math. 207,
Dekker, New York 1999, 295–307].
Also, we use our results to construct in a simple way natural examples of k-spaces (which are also

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces) whose products are not

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces. This in turn improves the, rather involved, example given in
[C. Perez-Garcia and W. H. Schikhof, Locally Convex Spaces over non-Archimedean Valued Fields, Cambridge Stud. Adv. Math. 119,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010]
of two

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces whose product is not a

k
0

{k_{0}}

-space. Our theory covers an important class of non-archimedean Fréchet spaces, the Köthe sequence spaces, which have a relevant influence on applications such as the definition of a non-archimedean Laplace and Fourier transform.
On topologies related to the extension of the Lebesgue measure
Authors: Hejduk Jacek , Wiertelak Renata
Published: July 2018

The aim of this paper is the investigation of topologies generated by operators related to a complete extension of the Lebesgue measure over the real line.
Some properties of such topologies provide their structure and separation axioms.
The effects of oral pregabalin on post-Lichtenstein herniorrhaphic pain: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Moghimi Mohammad Hossein , Hosseini Seyed Nejat , Salehi Vahid , Kamali Kourosh
Published: July 2018

Background

Pregabalin is a gamma-aminobutyric acid analog which seems to be effective in different neuropathic pains, as well as in incisional and inflammatory injuries. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of pregabalin on pain relief post herniorrhaphy.

Methods

In this randomized clinical trial, 60 men were chosen for unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy under spinal anesthesia. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. The investigation (pregabalin) group received 300 mg of oral pregabalin 2 h before and 150 mg of pregabalin 12 and 24 h after surgery in addition to routine postoperative medication and 1 mg/kg of pethidine as needed. The control (placebo) group received placebo capsules similar to the investigation group, as well as routine medication and 1 mg/kg of pethidine as needed. All surgeries were done with the same technique. Post-surgery pain was evaluated in the walking and lying positions with a visual analog scale at 12 and 24 h and at 3 and 7 days after the surgery. Pethidine consumption and adverse effects of pregabalin were also assessed.

Results

The investigation group had less pain and lower visual analog scale scores at 12 and 24 h and also at 3 days after surgery and consumed less pethidine compared to the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Pregabalin reduces pain and opioid consumption in the first 3 days after surgery. The adverse effects of pregabalin are limited to the first 12 h after surgery. Pregabalin can be suggested for pain relief, but it should be used with caution in the elderly.
Influence of age and gender on blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in a healthy population in the Indian sub-continent
Authors: Adoor Meghana , Jaideep Sriranjini S. , Sujan M.U. , Kramer Boris W. , Raju T.R. , Sathyaprabha Talakad N.
Published: July 2018

Background

The current exploratory study was aimed at estimating measures of blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in a healthy population in the Indian sub-continent.

Methods

One hundred and forty-two healthy subjects were recruited for the study. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded continuously for 15 min using the Finometer (Finapres Medical Systems, The Netherlands). For offline analysis, Nevrokard cardiovascular parameter analysis (CVPA) software (version 2.1.0) was used for BPV analysis. BRS was determined by spectral and sequence methods. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s test were used to compare parameters. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to look for possible associations between age and other continuous variables.

Results

Out of 196 screened volunteers, 54 were excluded and 142 subjects were grouped based on ages as 10–19 years (group 1), 20–29 years (group 2), 30–39 years (group 3), 40–49 years (group 4), and 50–59 years (group 5). Within groups, body mass index (BMI, p=0.000) and BP (systolic and diastolic) were significantly different. Post hoc analysis showed mean blood pressure (MBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) differing significantly between groups 1 and 4 (p<0.05 for both) along with other cardiovascular parameters. Age correlated positively with BMI and all parameters of BP. Significant gender differences were observed for stroke volume, cardiac output, up BRS, total BRS, peripheral resistance (PR), and aortic impedance.

Conclusions

Our study has provided reference values for BPV and BRS in an Indian population. It also indicates age-related neurocardiac imbalance and possible utility of these tests for screening at the start of neurocardiac damage in a healthy population.
Regulation of hippocampal information encoding by metabotopic glutamate receptors
Authors: Manahan-Vaughan Denise
Published: July 2018

The hippocampus supports the acquisition of both spatial representations and long-term spatial memory. This is enabled by a triumvirate of physiological processes comprising information organisation and transfer by means of neuronal oscillations, creation of context-dependent spatial maps by means of place cells, and long-term storage of spatial experience by means of synaptic plasticity. All three processes are enabled by the glutamatergic system. Glutamate binding to ionotropic glutamate receptors enables both fast excitatory synaptic transmission (via AMPA receptors) and the initiation of long-term synaptic storage (via NMDA receptors). But glutamate also binds to metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. These receptors not only contribute to the stability of hippocampal encoding and the longevity of synaptic plasticity, they can also support synaptic information storage independent of NMDA receptor activation and are important for the acquisition and retention of long-term memory.
Measurement and covariance analysis of 59Co(n, 2n)58Co reaction cross sections at the effective neutron energies of 11.98 and 15.75 MeV
Authors: Yerraguntla Santhi Sheela , Naik Haladhara , Karantha Manjunatha , Ganesan Srinivasan , Saraswatula Suryanarayana Venkata , Nair Sreekumaran Narayana Pillai
Published: July 2018

The 59Co(n, 2n)58Co reaction cross sections relative to the cross sections of the 115In(n, n′)115mIn reaction have been measured at the effective neutron energies of 11.98 and 15.75 MeV by using activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. Neutron beam used in the present experiment was generated from the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction with the proton energies of 14 and 18 MeV at the 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility, Mumbai. We also present the covariance information by taking into account the sources of error and the correlations between the attributes influencing the measurements. The 59Co(n, 2n)58Co reaction cross sections from the present work are then compared with the values from different evaluated nuclear data libraries. The micro-correlation technique suggested by Smith was modified to generate the covariance matrix for the measurements of reaction cross sections as the efficiencies of detector for the sample and monitor are correlated.
Quantification of Total and Mutant Huntingtin Protein Levels in Biospecimens Using a Novel alphaLISA Assay
Authors: Baldo Barbara , Sajjad Muhammad Umar , Cheong Rachel Y. , Bigarreau Julie , Vijayvargia Ravi , McLean Catriona , Perrier Anselme L. , Seong Ihn Sik , Halliday Glenda , Petersén Åsa , Kirik Deniz
Published: July 2018

The neurodegenerative Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ) amplification in the huntingtin protein (HTT). Currently there is no effective therapy available for HD; however, several efforts are directed to develop and optimize HTT-lowering methods to improve HD phenotypes. To validate these approaches, there is an immediate need for reliable, sensitive, and easily accessible methods to quantify HTT expression. Using the AlphaLISA platform, we developed two novel sensitive and robust assays for quantification of HTT in biological samples using commercially available antibodies. The first, a polyQ-independent assay, measures the total pool of HTT, while the second, a polyQ-dependent assay, preferentially detects the mutant form of HTT. Using purified HTT protein standards and brain homogenates from an HD mouse model, we determine a lower limit of quantification of 1 and 3 pmand optimal reproducibility with CV values lower than 7% for intra- and 20% for interassay. In addition, we used the assays to quantify HTT in neural stem cells generated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cellsin vitroand in human brain tissue lysates. Finally, we could detect changes in HTT levels in a mouse model where mutant HTT was conditionally deleted in neural tissue, verifying the potential to monitor the outcome of HTT-lowering strategies. This analytical platform is ideal for high-throughput screens and thus has an added value for the HD community as a tool to optimize novel therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating HTT protein levels.
The effect of surgery on fat mass, lipid and glucose metabolism in mild primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Godang Kristin , Lundstam Karolina , Mollerup Charlotte , Fougner Stine Lyngvi , Pernow Ylva , Nordenström Jörgen , Rosén Thord , Jansson Svante , Hellström Mikael , Bollerslev Jens , Heck Ansgar , _ _
Published: July 2018

Context

Mild primary hyperparathyroidism has been associated with increased body fat mass and unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective

To assess the effect of parathyroidectomy on fat mass, glucose and lipid metabolism.

Design, patients, interventions, main outcome measures

119 patients previously randomized to observation (OBS; n = 58) or parathyroidectomy (PTX; n = 61) within the Scandinavian Investigation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH) trial, an open randomized multicenter study, were included. Main outcome measures for this study were the differences in fat mass, markers for lipid and glucose metabolism between OBS and PTX 5 years after randomization.

Results

In the OBS group, total cholesterol (Total-C) decreased from mean 5.9 (±1.1) to 5.6 (±1.0) mmol/L (P = 0.037) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased from 3.7 (±1.0) to 3.3 (±0.9) mmol/L (P = 0.010). In the PTX group, the Total-C and LDL-C remained unchanged resulting in a significant between-group difference over time (P = 0.013 and P = 0.026, respectively). This difference was driven by patients who started with lipid-lowering medication during the study period (OBS: 5; PTX: 1). There was an increase in trunk fat mass in the OBS group, but no between-group differences over time. Mean 25(OH) vitamin D increased in the PTX group (P < 0.001), but did not change in the OBS group. No difference in parameters of glucose metabolism was detected.

Conclusion

In mild PHPT, the measured metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors were not modified by PTX. Observation seems safe and cardiovascular risk reduction should not be regarded as a separate indication for parathyroidectomy based on the results from this study.
ALK7 expression in prolactinoma is associated with reduced prolactin and increased proliferation
Authors: Principe M , Chanal M , Karam V , Wierinckx A , Mikaélian I , Gadet R , Auger C , Raverot V , Jouanneau E , Vasiljevic A , Hennino A , Raverot G , Bertolino P
Published: July 2018

Prolactinoma represents the most frequent hormone-secreting pituitary tumours. These tumours appear in a benign form, but some of them can reach an invasive and aggressive stage through an unknown mechanism. Discovering markers to identify prolactinoma proliferative and invading character is therefore crucial to develop new diagnostic/prognostic strategies. Interestingly, members of the TGFβ-Activin/BMP signalling pathways have emerged as important actors of pituitary development and adult function, but their role in prolactinomas remains to be precisely determined. Here, using a heterotopic allograft model derived from a rat prolactinoma, we report that the Activins orphan type I receptor ALK7 is ectopically expressed in prolactinomas-cells. Through immunohistological approaches, we further confirm that normal prolactin-producing cells lack ALK7-expression. Using a series of human tumour samples, we show that ALK7 expression in prolactinomas cells is evolutionary conserved between rat and human. More interestingly, our results highlight that tumours showing a robust expression of ALK7 present an increased proliferation as address by Ki67 expression and retrospective analysis of clinical data from 38 patients, presenting ALK7 as an appealing marker of prolactinoma aggressiveness. Beside this observation, our work pinpoints that the expression of prolactin is highly heterogeneous in prolactinoma cells. We further confirm the contribution of ALK7 in these observations and the existence of highly immunoreactive prolactin cells lacking ALK7 expression. Taken together, our observations suggest that Activin signalling mediated through ALK7 could therefore contribute to the hormonal heterogeneity and increased proliferation of prolactinomas.
Transcriptional activity of oestrogen receptors in the course of embryo development
Authors: Della Torre Sara , Rando Gianpaolo , Meda Clara , Ciana Paolo , Ottobrini Luisa , Maggi Adriana
Published: July 2018

Oestrogens are well-known proliferation and differentiation factors that play an essential role in the correct development of sex-related organs and behaviour in mammals. With the use of the ERE-Luc reporter mouse model, we show herein that throughout mouse development, oestrogen receptors (ERs) are active starting from day 12 post conception. Most interestingly, we show that prenatal luciferase expression in each organ is proportionally different in relation to the germ layer of the origin. The luciferase content is highest in ectoderm-derived organs (such as brain and skin) and is lowest in endoderm-derived organs (such as liver, lung, thymus and intestine). Consistent with the testosterone surge occurring in male mice at the end of pregnancy, in the first 2 days after birth, we observed a significant increase in the luciferase content in several organs, including the liver, bone, gonads and hindbrain. The results of the present study show a widespread transcriptional activity of ERs in developing embryos, pointing to the potential contribution of these receptors in the development of non-reproductive as well as reproductive organs. Consequently, the findings reported here might be relevant in explaining the significant differences in male and female physiopathology reported by a growing number of studies and may underline the necessity for more systematic analyses aimed at the identification of the prenatal effects of drugs interfering with ER signalling, such as aromatase inhibitors or endocrine disrupter chemicals.
Maternal Proteins That Are Phosphoregulated upon Egg Activation Include Crucial Factors for Oogenesis, Egg Activation and Embryogenesis inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Zhang Zijing , Krauchunas Amber R , Huang Stephanie , Wolfner Mariana F
Published: July 2018

Egg activation is essential for the successful transition from a mature oocyte to a developmentally competent egg. It consists of a series of events including the resumption and completion of meiosis, initiation of translation of some maternal mRNAs and destruction of others, and changes to the vitelline envelope. This major change of cell state is accompanied by large scale alteration in the oocyte’s phosphoproteome. We hypothesize that the cohort of proteins that are subject to phosphoregulation during egg activation are functionally important for processes before, during, or soon after this transition, potentially uniquely or as proteins carrying out essential cellular functions like those they do in other (somatic) cells. In this study, we used germline-specific RNAi to examine the function of 189 maternal proteins that are phosphoregulated during egg activation in Drosophila melanogaster. We identified 53 genes whose knockdown reduced or abolished egg production and caused a range of defects in ovarian morphology, as well as 51 genes whose knockdown led to significant impairment or abolishment of the egg hatchability. We observed different stages of developmental arrest in the embryos and various defects in spindle morphology and aberrant centrosome activities in the early arrested embryos. Our results, validated by the detection of multiple genes with previously-documented maternal effect phenotypes among the proteins we tested, revealed 15 genes with newly discovered roles in egg activation and early embryogenesis in Drosophila. Given that protein phosphoregulation is a conserved characteristic of this developmental transition, we suggest that the phosphoregulated proteins may provide a rich pool of candidates for the identification of important players in the egg-to-embryo transition.
A Genome-Wide Screen Reveals a Role for the HIR Histone Chaperone Complex in Preventing Mislocalization of Budding Yeast CENP-A
Authors: Ciftci-Yilmaz Sultan , Au Wei-Chun , Mishra Prashant K , Eisenstatt Jessica R , Chang Joy , Dawson Anthony R , Zhu Iris , Rahman Mahfuzur , Bilke Sven , Costanzo Michael , Baryshnikova Anastasia , Myers Chad L , Meltzer Paul S , Landsman David , Baker Richard E , Boone Charles , Basrai Munira A
Published: July 2018

Centromeric localization of the evolutionarily conserved centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A (Cse4 in yeast) is essential for faithful chromosome segregation. Overexpression and mislocalization of CENP-A lead to chromosome segregation defects in yeast, flies, and human cells. Overexpression of CENP-A has been observed in human cancers; however, the molecular mechanisms preventing CENP-A mislocalization are not fully understood. Here, we used a genome-wide synthetic genetic array (SGA) to identify gene deletions that exhibit synthetic dosage lethality (SDL) when Cse4 is overexpressed. Deletion for genes encoding the replication-independent histone chaperone HIR complex (HIR1, HIR2, HIR3, HPC2) and a Cse4-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, PSH1, showed highest SDL. We defined a role for Hir2 in proteolysis of Cse4 that prevents mislocalization of Cse4 to noncentromeric regions for genome stability. Hir2 interacts with Cse4  in vivo, and hir2∆ strains exhibit defects in Cse4 proteolysis and stabilization of chromatin-bound Cse4. Mislocalization of Cse4 to noncentromeric regions with a preferential enrichment at promoter regions was observed in hir2∆ strains. We determined that Hir2 facilitates the interaction of Cse4 with Psh1, and that defects in Psh1-mediated proteolysis contribute to increased Cse4 stability and mislocalization of Cse4 in the hir2∆ strain. In summary, our genome-wide screen provides insights into pathways that regulate proteolysis of Cse4 and defines a novel role for the HIR complex in preventing mislocalization of Cse4 by facilitating proteolysis of Cse4, thereby promoting genome stability.
Percepción de creencias, fantasías y temores de los alumnos tutores y las alumnas tutoras en momentos previos al ejercicio de su práctica
Authors: Jorge Elizabeth , Guzmán Macarena , Muñoz Lucía , García Andrea
Published: July 2018

Recibido 21/12/2017     Aceptado 28/02/2018Se presenta una de las actividades que se realizan en el marco de un proyecto extensionista titulado Orientación y Contención a los Alumnos Tutores (Jorge y Guzmán, 2016). Las personas tutoras son adolescentes que asisten a dos escuelas de nivel medio en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina), que efectúan apoyo escolar a niños y niñas de dos escuelas públicas. La intervención que aquí se describe es previa al ejercicio de su práctica. El objetivo es reflexionar sobre las creencias, fantasías y temores que poseen los y las jóvenes, antes de comenzar el ejercicio de su rol. Se trata de un trabajo cualitativo, donde se implementan actividades individuales y grupales con los alumnos tutores y las alumnas tutoras. Con base en las respuestas obtenidas se agruparon las creencias, fantasías y temores en torno a dos categorías: en relación con el niño o la niña que acompañarán, y sobre el ejercicio de su rol como estudiante tutor o tutora. Se enfatiza en la necesidad de esclarecerlas dada su influencia en el rol elegido.
Análisis de la necesidad de la educación financiera en la formación colegial
Authors: Céspedes López Jairo Beymar
Published: July 2018

La educación financiera es un factor importante en la vida de cualquier persona, el consumo, el ahorro, la inversión y otros conceptos básicos de las finanzas son desconocidos por gran parte de la población en el mundo, el presente artículo identifica ciertas actitudes frente a ello y propone de manera básica pilares fundamentales de la educación financiera que podrían ser implementados en la educación secundaria, considerando que esta debería ser implementada como materia curricular en la educación. Clasificación JEL: G00, I21, I22.
Tasa de interés de referencia, agregados monetarios y ciclos económicos
Authors: Rivas Santos Pablo Hermenegildo
Published: July 2018

El presente Aatículo analiza cualitativamente y cuantitativamente los efectos del control de la tasa de interés de referencia y de los agregados monetarios (por parte del Banco Central de Reserva) sobre la estructura productiva y los procesos de coordinación e interacción económica de la sociedad. Se verifica cuantitativamente que la relación baja tasa de interés de referencia-alto nivel de los agregados monetarios y Comportamiento Cíclico del Producto Bruto Interno define las fases de recuperación y auge de los sectores productivos más intensivo en tiempo y capital; y las fases de ralentización y recesión de esos sectores productivos.
Outpatient Opioid Prescriptions for Children and Opioid-Related Adverse Events
Authors: Chung Cecilia P. , Callahan S. Todd , Cooper William O. , Dupont William D. , Murray Katherine T. , Franklin Andrew D. , Hall Kathi , Dudley Judith A. , Stein C. Michael , Ray Wayne A.
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Little is known about opioid prescribing for children without severe conditions. We studied the prevalence of and indications for outpatient opioid prescriptions and the incidence of opioid-related adverse events in this population.

METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study between 1999 and 2014 included Tennessee Medicaid children and adolescents aged 2 to 17 without major chronic diseases, prolonged hospitalization, institutional residence, or evidence of a substance use disorder. We estimated the annual prevalence of outpatient opioid prescriptions and incidence of opioid-related adverse events, defined as an emergency department visit, hospitalization, or death related to an opioid adverse effect.

RESULTS:

There were 1 362 503 outpatient opioid prescriptions; the annual mean prevalence of opioid prescriptions was 15.0%. The most common opioid indications were dental procedures (31.1% prescriptions), outpatient procedure and/or surgery (25.1%), trauma (18.1%), and infections (16.5%). There were 437 cases of opioid-related adverse events confirmed by medical record review; 88.6% were related to the child’s prescription and 71.2% had no recorded evidence of deviation from the prescribed regimen. The cumulative incidence of opioid-related adverse events was 38.3 of 100 000 prescriptions. Adverse events increased with age (incidence rate ratio = 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.67–2.96; 12–17 vs 2–5 years of age) and higher opioid doses (incidence rate ratio = 1.86 [1.45–2.39]; upper versus lower dose tertiles).

CONCLUSIONS:

Children without severe conditions enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid frequently filled outpatient opioid prescriptions for acute, self-limited conditions. One of every 2611 study opioid prescriptions was followed by an opioid-related adverse event (71.2% of which were related to therapeutic use of the prescribed opioid).
La noción de “estado de naturaleza” en el pensamiento político español del siglo XVI
Authors: Letelier Widow Gonzalo
Published: July 2018

Se analiza la presencia de la noci.n de “estado de naturaleza” en los teólogos y juristas españoles del siglo XVI, mostrando las diferencias y semejanzas entre cuatro temas que antecedieron a la formaci.n del concepto: el estado de inocencia original, las consecuencias del pecado original en la naturaleza humana, la hipótesis de un pacto legitimador de la autoridad política y la hipótesis teológica de la naturaleza pura. A partir de este análisis, se proponen algunos criterios para delimitar el concepto de estado de naturaleza.
La recepción del pensamiento de Marx en el joven Habermas
Authors: Ortega Esquembre César
Published: July 2018

Se analiza la influencia del pensamiento de Marx en la formulación temprana de la teoría habermasiana. Para ello, se parte de las críticas de Albrecht Wellmer y Jürgen Habermas a la autocomprensión marxiana del materialismo histórico. Luego se estudia la reconstrucción de algunos postulados del marxismo llevada a cabo por Habermas en términos de una renovada teoría de la evolución social. Con ello salen a la luz algunos supuestos básicos de la teoría de Marx que aparecen trasformados en la conceptualización de Habermas y que constituyen una base ineludible para comprender el posterior pensamiento de este autor.
La encrucijada de la cooperación para el desarrollo. Apuestas por una epistemología crítica
Authors: Jiménez-Castillo Manuel Antonio
Published: July 2018

El sistema de Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo es epistemológica y operativamente ajeno a la complejidad reinante en su mundo de actuación. Su tradición académica ha venido históricamente determinada por dos reacciones antitéticas. Porun lado, restringe la realidad a un principio universalista donde el desarrollo es interpretado apriorísticamente. Por el otro, se somete a un empirismo extremo donde superando el carácter especulativo del anterior, se incapacita para forjar una teoría sobre lo que realmente funciona. En uno y en otro, el fetichismo de la ayuda terminasiendo el precio que recurrentemente se paga ante la incapacidad para reconciliar ambas posiciones. Se probará cómo una alternativa epistémica, capaz de aunar lo positivo de ambas posturas, minimizaría el impacto negativo de la cooperación, favoreciendoun marco de acción tan eficaz como sostenible.
Un lugar para la religión. Examen crítico de la filosofía de la religión de Jorge Aurelio Díaz
Authors: Meléndez Acuña Raúl Ernesto , Gómez Carlos Miguel
Published: July 2018

Se explora cr.ticamente el pensamiento del fil.sofo colombiano Jorge Aurelio Díaz acerca de la religi.n. En particular, se examina, por un lado, la cuestión del lugar y el papel de la religi.n en la modernidad, a partir de la pregunta por la racionalidad y el valor cognitivo de la creencia religiosa, y, por otro lado, la diferencia entre misticismoy religión. Se plantear.n y discutir.n algunos aspectos problemáticos de lamanera en que Díaz comprende ambos asuntos.
El “estilo” arqueológico de Alain de Libera. Notas sobre la relación entre la historia de la filosofía y la filosofía
Authors: Cortés Cuadra Juan Vicente
Published: July 2018

La presente nota se concentra en la exposición del método arqueológico en historia de la filosofía, a partir, principalmente, del último trabajo publicado por el profesor Alain de Libera, L’archéologie philosophique (2016). Esta presentación busca singularizar el “estilo” arqueológico del medievalista francés, quien se desmarca de Foucault a partir de una reflexión en torno a Collingwood. Además, se hace énfasis en el interés de dicho método para el debate acerca del rol de la historia de la filosofía para el quehacer filosófico, intentando mostrar que, desde la perspectiva de la arqueología conceptual, la historia de la filosofía es una disciplina esencialmente filosófica.
Gestión del conocimiento científico en la Universidad de Antioquia: integración de herramientas para la formulación de una estrategia
Authors: Mejía Correa Adriana María , Vesga Vinchira Alejandro , Gaviria Velásquez Margarita María
Published: July 2018

La investigación que dio origen al presente artículo tuvo como propósito el diseñar de una estrategia de gestión de conocimiento científico (las actividades investigativas) para una universidad pública. Para las instituciones universitarias con énfasis en investigación, es necesario incluir la gestión del conocimiento científico como un enfoque estratégico a fin de marcar la diferencia, generar ventajas competitivas, mejorar la posición en su campo de acción y en el entorno en que se desenvuelve. Para poder definir una estrategia se requieren ciertas condiciones previas que faciliten el proceso. Se presenta la integración de tres herramientas de gestión del conocimiento dirigidas a proveer la información necesaria e incentivar la creación de una cultura al interior de los grupos de investigación, que permita definir una estrategia. Estas herramientas comprenden la medición del nivel de madurez, la identificación de brechas de conocimiento y la construcción de Mapas Topográficos de Conocimiento. Las herramientas fueron aplicadas a una muestra representativa de los grupos de investigación de la Universidad de Antioquia, a través de una metodología cuali-cuantitativa y un análisis interpretativo, utilizando una encuesta electrónica. Los resultados permitieron demostrar la aplicabilidad y pertinencia al contexto universitario de las herramientas, además de proveer información valiosa acerca de la situación del caso particular, que servirá de insumo para formular la estrategia.
El sector farmacéutico, eje de desarrollo estratégico. Una perspectiva desde el ámbito local
Authors: Limas Suárez Sonia Janneth
Published: July 2018

El sector farmacéutico es estratégico en Colombia, pues genera productividad, competitividad y desarrollo económico. Aunque esto es reconocido, hay limitada producción académica del sector, especialmente en el ámbito regional y local, razón que motiva la realización de un diagnóstico empresarial, a partir de la dirección estratégica, en los establecimientos farmacéuticos minoristas (farmacias-droguería y droguerías) de Tunja (Boyacá, Colombia). En este diagnóstico se usa el método descriptivo tipo empírico cuantitativo. La dirección estratégica, como herramienta de diagnóstico empresarial/sectorial, refleja la situación interna y externa, y la posición estratégica del sector. Los resultados muestran un alto posicionamiento estratégico del sector, permitiéndole mantenerse y fortalecerse aún más. Los hallazgos indican que se requiere de algunas estrategias y una propuesta de mejoramiento para la competitividad del sector en la región.
Estrategias de acumulación de prestigio de los investigadores líderes de grupo de una organización universitaria: el caso de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Manizales
Authors: Valencia Julián Andrés , Carvajal José Gabriel , Castellanos-Obregón Juan Manuel
Published: July 2018

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue interpretar las estrategias de acumulación de prestigio de académicos investigadores. Para ello se usó, dentro de un enfoque especialmente cualitativo, la estrategia del estudio de caso. Como contexto de referencia se abordó el sistema de investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Manizales, en el periodo 2010-2014. Fueron entrevistados 27 investigadores líderes de grupos clasificados por Colciencias en el 2014. En el trabajo se muestra cómo los investigadores que buscan una productividad alta tienden a asumir una estrategia de reproducción ampliada, mientras que aquellos para los cuales es suficiente una productividad baja tienden a asumir una estrategia de reproducción simple. Estos dos grupos se orientan hacia la internacionalización, demandan recursos y defienden su interés de investigación de forma diferente. En la discusión se ofrece una lectura analítica de las trayectorias de los investigadores a partir de su productividad; se introduce el concepto de transición entre niveles de productividad y se concluye con la débil institucionalización del sistema estudiado y el predomino en él de la estrategia de reproducción del rol.
INFLUENCIA DE LAS COLISIONES ATÓMICAS EN LAS RESONANCIAS SUB-DOPPLER DE LA ESPECTROSCOPIA DE REFLEXIÓN SELECTIVA EN LA LÍNEA D2 DEL CESIO
Authors: Reyes Reynaldo , Oriá Marcos , Mosquera Luis
Published: July 2018

Reportamos un estudio de la reflectividad de una interface vidrio-vapor atómico de cesio cerca de la línea de resonancia D2 del cesio para densidades del vapor de cesio desde 0.9x1014hasta 3.2x1014átomos/cm3. Los resultados experimentales se compararon con cálculos basados sobre una teoría en la cual primero se tienen en cuenta solamente las colisiones átomo-átomo y luego tomando en cuenta también las colisiones átomo-pared. También detectamos un desplazamiento dhacia el azul de la frecuencia del pico de la resonancia 4 →5 que depende aproximadamente en forma lineal de la densidad N.
CONFIRMACIÓN DIAGNÓSTICA DE LA EVALUACIÓN DEL TRAZADO DEL MONITOREO FETAL ELECTRÓNICO A PARTIR DE LA PROBABILIDAD Y LA RELACIÓN S/k DE LA ENTROPÍA
Authors: Soracipa Yolanda , Rodríguez Javier , Castillo Marcos
Published: July 2018

La correcta interpretación del trazado del monitoreo fetal electrónico es un desafío para la clínica actual. Recientemente se desarrolló una metodología diagnóstica fundamentada en las teorías de probabilidad y la entropía, que logró evaluar de manera objetiva y reproducible el trazado de la monitoría fetal diferenciando normalidad de enfermedad y evolución entre estos estados. El objetivo del presente trabajo es aplicar dicha metodología para evaluar el trazado de la monitoría fetal y confirmar su aplicabilidad clínica y reproducibilidad. Para ello se evaluaron 25 monitorías fetales en 20 minutos divididas en dos grupos: 10 normales y 15 con pérdida de bienestar fetal, de acuerdo con la interpretación convencional de la monitoría y la evaluación clínica general. Se tomaron frecuencias cardíacas presentadas en intervalos discretos de tiempo a partir de los trazados, y se evaluó la probabilidad y la relación S/k de la entropía. Las relaciones S/k de la entropía para las monitorias evaluadas diferenciaron normalidad de enfermedad. Se confirmó la aplicabilidad clínica del diagnóstico físico y matemático para la evaluación del trazado de la monitoría fetal.
Determinantes de la mortalidad infantil en Colombia. Path Análisis
Authors: Jaramillo-Mejia Marta Cecilia , Chernichovsky Dov , Jiménez-Moleón José Juan
Published: July 2018

Objetivo Separar y analizar los efectos de los factores biológicos, ambientales, socioeconómicos, de atención médica y servicios de salud; y su probabilidad de generar una muerte infantil.Materiales y Métodos Se aplica el Path análisis utilizando las características del niño y de la madre en los registros individuales de nacimiento y defunción infantil, y la disponibilidad de camas materno infantil entre 2003 y 2009.Resultados El efecto biológico más importante para asegurar la supervivencia infantil fue el peso al nacer cerca de las 37 semanas de gestación. La principal intervención para reducir la mortalidad infantil fue el control prenatal. Variables socioeconómicas para la supervivencia infantil fueron la educación de la madre, acceso a servicios materno infantil para el régimen contributivo en el mismo municipio de residencia, el cual se encontró asociado a la calidad de los servicios de salud.Conclusiones El estudio sugiere que, además de participar en acciones de promoción de la salud, las madres del régimen subsidiado deben tener acceso a camas de cuidado intensivo neonatal, disponibles en el mismo departamento de residencia, para contribuir a reducir la mortalidad infantil.
Satisfacción, salud y estrés laboral del profesorado universitario según su situación contractual
Authors: Cladellas Pros Ramón , Castelló Tarrida Antoni , Parrado Romero Eva
Published: July 2018

Objetivo Analizar los efectos de la estabilidad contractual de los profesores universitarios en las dimensiones psicosociales de satisfacción, salud y estrés.Método Estudio descriptivo cuasi-experimental, tomando como muestra a 145 profesores de siete universidades públicas catalanas. El estudio se realizó durante el mes de abril de 2014. Se utilizó como base el cuestionario ISTAS21, versión media, en lengua castellana, del Cuestionario Psicosocial de Copenhaguen. De las 21 escalas incluidas, sólo se han tenido en cuenta las siete escalas relacionadas con los factores evaluados. Se realizaron una serie de análisis de varianza (ANOVA) considerando las puntuaciones obtenidas en las tres dimensiones psicosociales evaluadas como variables dependientes y la estabilidad laboral (permanencia y dedicación laboral) como variable independiente.Resultados Los profesores de tiempo completo con contratos laborales temporales muestran una peor salud física y mental —a pesar de ser el grupo más joven—, mayores síntomas de estrés y una menor satisfacción laboral, en comparación con profesores a tiempo completo y contrato estable; o profesores de tiempo parcial.Conclusiones La estabilidad laboral tiene repercusiones en la salud y calidad de vida laboral de los profesores que se encuentran en situación de inestabilidad, teniendo ello además repercusiones en la docencia y la investigación.