bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement and Dynamic Trend Research on the Development Level of Rural Industry Integration in China
Authors: Hao Han , Liu Chenyang , Xin Ling
Published: December 2023

China is a traditional agricultural country, and the integration of rural industries has become an essential policy direction for the current strategy of agricultural modernization in China. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the level of integrated rural industry development in China, identify problems in the development process, and combine analysis of related theories and practices of rural industry integration to propose strategies to enhance the level of integrated rural industry development in China. Hence, this paper, rooted in the integration of rural industries, cross-industry, industry extension, industry agglomeration, and industry penetration, sets up a measurement index system. Using provincial panel data from 2011 to 2020, the paper measures the level of integrated development in rural industries across China and its 31 provinces. Research indicates that during the sample period, the overall level of integrated development in rural industries in various provinces in China has shown an upward trend. Development among the eastern, central, and western regions is highly uneven, but this disparity has been gradually narrowing in recent years. Furthermore, the levels of integrated development in different provinces exhibit significant spatial agglomeration effects. The development level of neighboring regions significantly impacts the province’s development status.
Improving the Allocation of Light-Temperature Resources and Increasing Yield of Rice through Early Sowing and Increasing Nitrogen
Authors: Ren Ningning , Lu Jian , Zhu Shuangbing , Shen Congcong , Du Bin , Chen Kai
Published: December 2023

This study explored the effects of the sowing stage and nitrogen application rate on the grain yield and its allocation of light-temperature resources over a 9-year experiment from 2011 to 2019. Measurement indicators include the effective accumulative temperature on different growth durations, leaf area index (LAI), above-ground biomass production, and harvest index (HI). Methods: A split-plot design was arranged in the treatment, with N supply as the main plot and the sowing stage as the subplot. The main plots consisted of two nitrogen treatments: low nitrogen (LN: 120 kg ha−1) and high nitrogen (HN: 180 kg ha−1). The subplots contained two sowing stages: the early sowing stage (ES) and the late sowing stage (LS). Results: Compared with LNLS, LNES, and HNLS from 2011 to 2019, HNES of HHZ increased the grain yield by 9.5%, 2.5%, and 5.3%, while the difference in grain yield in YY8 was higher than HHZ, especially under HNES. Compared with LNLS, LNES, and HNLS from 2011 to 2019, HNES of HHZ increased the panicle number by 6.0%, 5.9%, and 1.0%, and HNES of YY8 increased by 12.7%, 11.4%, and 3.8%. Compared with HNLS of HHZ, LNES, LNLS, and HNES decreased the spikelets per panicle by 2.3%, 2.9%, and 1.1%, and decreased by 3.5%, 1.9%, and 2.2% in YY8. The early sowing or increasing N supply significantly increased the dry matter accumulated, grain weight, LAI, and HI. The higher grain yield in LNES was more closely related to the average temperature and the number of spikelets per panicle. The grain yield in HNES was more dependent on the effective accumulative temperature. Conclusions: Sowing in mid-May and increasing the N application (180 kg ha−1) are beneficial to the allocation of light temperature and the increase in yield. Therefore, this research provides a theoretical basis for improving rice yield and optimizing the utilization of light-temperature resources in the future.
Government Oversight and Economic Impacts: Sustainability in the Vineyard and the Evolution of Wine Regulations, Trade and Production
Authors: Ducman Anca Alexandra , Diaconita Vlad , Simonca Iuliana , Belciu Anda , Corbea Alexandra Maria Ioana
Published: December 2023

This study explores the evolution of wine regulations, trade, and production, with a particular focus on the European Union countries and associated countries. The primary objective is to analyze how historical, regulatory, and economic factors have influenced the wine industry from antiquity to modern times. We assess the administrative role of wine in Roman society, its governance in medieval Europe, and the formation of contemporary regulatory frameworks, such as the EU’s Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) system. The study employs a systematic review approach inspired by the PRISMA 2020 statement, incorporating a diverse array of academic journals, historical texts, and statistical data. We use k-means clustering and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to analyze 2020 production data and value comparisons among European wine varieties. This quantitative analysis reveals patterns in production and trade profiles across European countries, highlighting Romania’s unique position in the non-PDO segment and its strategic balance of wine production and value. The paper also examines the impact of climate change on viticulture and the industry’s response to sustainability challenges. By integrating historical insights with contemporary data, our research provides a comprehensive view of the wine industry’s evolution, emphasizing the interplay of government oversight, market dynamics, and environmental considerations in shaping the European wine landscape.
Preselecting Variants from Large-Scale Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analyses Increases the Genomic Prediction Accuracy of Growth and Carcass Traits in Large White Pigs
Authors: Wei Chen , Chang Chengjie , Zhang Wenjing , Ren Duanyang , Cai Xiaodian , Zhou Tianru , Shi Shaolei , Wu Xibo , Si Jinglei , Yuan Xiaolong , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Zhe
Published: December 2023

Preselected variants associated with the trait of interest from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are available to improve genomic prediction in pigs. The objectives of this study were to use preselected variants from a large GWAS meta-analysis to assess the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) preselection strategies on genome prediction of growth and carcass traits in pigs. We genotyped 1018 Large White pigs using medium (50k) SNP arrays and then imputed SNPs to sequence level by utilizing a reference panel of 1602 whole-genome sequencing samples. We tested the effects of different proportions of selected top SNPs across different SNP preselection strategies on genomic prediction. Finally, we compared the prediction accuracies by employing genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP), genomic feature BLUP and three weighted GBLUP models. SNP preselection strategies showed an average improvement in accuracy ranging from 0.3 to 2% in comparison to the SNP chip data. The accuracy of genomic prediction exhibited a pattern of initial increase followed by decrease, or continuous decrease across various SNP preselection strategies, as the proportion of selected top SNPs increased. The highest level of prediction accuracy was observed when utilizing 1 or 5% of top SNPs. Compared with the GBLUP model, the utilization of estimated marker effects from a GWAS meta-analysis as SNP weights in the BLUP|GA model improved the accuracy of genomic prediction in different SNP preselection strategies. The new SNP preselection strategies gained from this study bring opportunities for genomic prediction in limited-size populations in pigs.
Correction: Jin et al. Effects of Zinc Source and Level on the Intestinal Immunity of Xueshan Chickens under Heat Stress. Animals 2023, 13, 3025
Authors: Jin Jian , Xue Mengxiao , Tang Yuchen , Zhang Liangliang , Hu Ping , Hu Yun , Cai Demin , Luo Xugang , Sun Ming-an
Published: December 2023

There were some errors in the original publication [...]
A Single-Step Genome-Wide Association Study for Semen Traits of Egyptian Buffalo Bulls
Authors: EL Nagar Ayman G. , Salem Mohamed M. I. , Amin Amin M. S. , Khalil Maher H. , Ashour Ayman F. , Hegazy Mohammed M. , Abdel-Shafy Hamdy
Published: December 2023

The present study aimed to contribute to the limited research on buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) semen traits by incorporating genomic data. A total of 8465 ejaculates were collected. The genotyping procedure was conducted using the Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping 90 K array designed by the Affymetrix Expert Design Program. After conducting a quality assessment, we utilized 67,282 SNPs genotyped in 192 animals. We identified several genomic loci explaining high genetic variance by employing single-step genomic evaluation. The aforementioned regions were located on buffalo chromosomes no. 3, 4, 6, 7, 14, 16, 20, 22, and the X-chromosome. The X-chromosome exhibited substantial influence, accounting for 4.18, 4.59, 5.16, 5.19, and 4.31% of the genomic variance for ejaculate volume, mass motility, livability, abnormality, and concentration, respectively. In the examined genomic regions, we identified five novel candidate genes linked to male fertility and spermatogenesis, four in the X-chromosome and one in chromosome no. 16. Additional extensive research with larger sample sizes and datasets is imperative to validate these findings and evaluate their applicability for genomic selection.
From Epidemiology of Community-Onset Bloodstream Infections to the Development of Empirical Antimicrobial Treatment-Decision Algorithm in a Region with High Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Chotiprasitsakul Darunee , Trirattanapikul Akeatit , Namsiripongpun Warunyu , Chaihongsa Narong , Santanirand Pitak
Published: December 2023

Antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections have increased in community settings. Our objectives were to study the epidemiology of community-onset bloodstream infections (BSIs), identify risk factors for AMR-BSI and mortality-related factors, and develop the empirical antimicrobial treatment-decision algorithm. All adult, positive blood cultures at the emergency room and outpatient clinics were evaluated from 08/2021 to 04/2022. AMR was defined as the resistance of organisms to an antimicrobial to which they were previously sensitive. A total of 1151 positive blood cultures were identified. There were 450 initial episodes of bacterial BSI, and 114 BSIs (25%) were AMR-BSI. Non-susceptibility to ceftriaxone was detected in 40.9% of 195 E. coli isolates and 16.4% among 67 K. pneumoniae isolates. A treatment-decision algorithm was developed using the independent risk factors for AMR-BSI: presence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) within 90 days (aOR 3.63), prior antimicrobial exposure within 90 days (aOR 1.94), and urinary source (aOR 1.79). The positive and negative predictive values were 53.3% and 83.2%, respectively. The C-statistic was 0.73. Factors significantly associated with 30-day all-cause mortality were Pitt bacteremia score (aHR 1.39), solid malignancy (aHR 2.61), and urinary source (aHR 0.30). In conclusion, one-fourth of community-onset BSI were antimicrobial-resistant, and one-third of Enterobacteriaceae were non-susceptible to ceftriaxone. Treatment-decision algorithms may reduce overly broad antimicrobial treatment.
Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Selenium-Deficient MAC-T Cells Aggravated Inflammation and Apoptosis by Triggering the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress/PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhang Xiangqian , Yang Jing , Feng Wen , Deng Ganzhen , Xu Shiwen , Guo Mengyao
Published: December 2023

Selenium (Se) deficiency disrupts intracellular REDOX homeostasis and severely deteriorates immune and anti-inflammatory function in high-yielding periparturient dairy cattle. To investigate the damage of extracellular vesicles derived from Se-deficient MAC-T cells (SeD-EV) on normal mammary epithelial cells, an in vitro model of Se deficiency was established. Se-deficient MAC-T cells produced many ROS, promoting apoptosis and the release of inflammatory factors. Extracellular vesicles were successfully isolated by ultrahigh-speed centrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and surface markers (CD63, CD81, HSP70, and TSG101). RNA sequencing was performed on exosomal RNA. A total of 9393 lncRNAs and 63,155 mRNAs transcripts were identified in the SeC and SeD groups, respectively, of which 126 lncRNAs and 955 mRNAs were differentially expressed. Furthermore, SeD-EV promoted apoptosis of normal MAC-T cells by TUNEL analysis. SeD-EV significantly inhibited Bcl-2, while Bax and Cleaved Caspase3 were greatly increased. Antioxidant capacity (CAT, T-AOC, SOD, and GSH-Px) was inhibited in SeD-EV-treated MAC-T cells. Additionally, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP, and XBP1 were all elevated in MAC-T cells supplemented with SeD-EV. In addition, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR were decreased strikingly by SeD-EV. In conclusion, SeD-EV caused oxidative stress, thus triggering apoptosis and inflammation through endoplasmic reticulum stress and the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, which contributed to explaining the mechanism of Se deficiency causing mastitis.
An Integration of Business Processes and Information Management for Improving the Efficiency and Reliability of Infrastructure
Authors: Goonetillake Jaliya F. , Ren Guoqian , Li Haijiang
Published: December 2023

The construction industry has increasingly adopted digital construction processes and technologies, fueled in part by governmental mandates aimed at modernizing construction workflows. While these advancements promise efficiency across different phases of a project, the efficacy of the digitally generated information often remains contingent on its alignment with the specific information exchange requirements of individual organizations. Current efforts to establish interoperable data schemas have made strides, yet challenges persist, particularly when tailoring information to meet the unique needs of organizations responsible for the operation and management of built assets. This paper dissects the outcomes of standard digital construction processes applied to a linear infrastructure project, highlighting observed shortcomings such as information overload and the difficulty of adapting the information for asset management needs. Building upon these findings, this paper introduces a framework aimed at streamlining the production of essential project information. This framework was developed through a series of expert workshops and subsequently tested on a separate infrastructure project, offering insights into its potential benefits and limitations.
Stages of Development and Solvents Determine the Anticancer Potential of Mountain Arnica (Arnica montana L.) Inflorescence Extracts
Authors: Sugier Piotr , Jakubowicz-Gil Joanna , Sugier Danuta , Sęczyk Łukasz , Zając Adrian , Pięt Mateusz , Paduch Roman
Published: December 2023

In recent years, new sources of secondary metabolites (SMs) in medicinal plants have been identified, and the introduction of these plants into field conditions has been carried out to obtain chemically diverse standardized raw material (RM). An example is mountain arnica Arnica montana L., one of Europe’s endemic endangered medicinal plant species, commonly used in pharmacy, cosmetics, and medicine. Its inflorescences (Arnicae flos) are characterized by anti-inflammatory, antiradical, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor properties. The main goals of the present research included: (i) characterization of the chemical composition of the inflorescences of A. montana harvested in different development stages; and (ii) presentation of the role of the development stage and different extraction methods in the antitumor activity of extracts through analyses of apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis induction in human cervical carcinoma HeLa, human colon carcinoma HT29, and human colon metastatic carcinoma SW620 cell lines. The development stage was found to modify the composition of pharmacologically active substances, e.g., sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), flavonoids (Fs), and essential oil (EO), in arnica inflorescences. The content of Fs and EO increased during flowering to the full flowering phase; however, the highest content of SLs was noted in the full flowering phase and at the end of flowering. More promising results, i.e., a relatively high level of apoptosis and a low level of necrosis induced by the arnica extracts, were demonstrated in the HeLa cell line (full flowering; concentration: 0.5 µL/mL), the HT29 cell line (beginning of flowering; concentration: 0.5 µL/mL), and the SW620 cell line (stage of yellow buds; concentration: 1 µL/mL). This extremely valuable medicinal plant species provides a very broad range of RMs (e.g., inflorescences, rhizomes, roots, achenes, and all plant); therefore, attention should be paid to the more frequent use of water as a solvent in studies on the biological activity of mountain arnica extracts.
Seismic Resolution Enhancement Using a Cycle Generative Adversarial Neural Network with Pseudo-Well Data
Authors: Zhao Xianzheng , Gao Yang , Guo Shuwen , Gu Weiwei , Li Guofa
Published: December 2023

High-resolution seismic processing involves the recovery of high-frequency components from seismic data with lower resolution. Traditional methods typically impose prior knowledge or predefined subsurface structures when modeling seismic high-resolution processes, and they are usually model-driven. Nowadays, there has been a growing utilization of deep learning techniques to enhance seismic resolution. These approaches involve feature learning from extensive training datasets through multi-layered neural networks and are fundamentally data-driven. However, the reliance on labeled data has consistently posed a primary challenge for deploying these methods in practical applications. To address this issue, a novel approach for seismic high-resolution reconstruction is introduced, employing a Cycle Generative Adversarial Neural Network (CycleGAN) trained on authentic pseudo-well data. The application of the CycleGAN involves creating dual mappings connecting low-resolution and high-resolution data. This enables the model to comprehend both the forward and inverse processes, ensuring the stability of the inverse process, particularly in the context of high-resolution reconstruction. More importantly, statistical distributions are extracted from well logs and used to randomly generate extensive sets of low-resolution and high-resolution training pairs. This training set captures the structural characteristics of the actual subsurface and leads to significant improvement of the proposed method. The results from experiments conducted on both synthetic and field examples validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in significantly enhancing seismic resolution and achieving superior recovery of thin layers when compared with the conventional method and the deep-learning-based method.
Impact of Multi-Grade Localized Calcifications on Aortic Valve Dynamics under Helical Inflow: A Comparative Hemodynamic Study
Authors: Daryani Reza , Ersan Emre Cenk , Çelebi Mustafa Serdar
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the hemodynamic impacts of localized aortic valve calcification, utilizing immersed boundary-finite element (IBFE) method simulations with realistic inflow patterns of uniform and helical blood flow from the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). We modeled the aortic valve leaflets with varying grades of calcification, assessing their influence on valve performance, including transvalvular hemodynamics, wall shear stress (WSS) indices, and vortical structures. The findings highlighted that calcification significantly restricts leaflet motion, diminishes the orifice area, disrupts flow efficiency, and consequently increases the left ventricular workload. Advanced calcification resulted in elevated WSS, especially at the leaflet tips, which indicates a heightened risk of endothelial damage and further calcification. Asymmetrical calcifications redirect flow towards the ascending aorta wall, potentially inducing structural damage and increased stress on the remaining healthy leaflets. Calcification was also found to alter the naturally occurring helical blood flow patterns, affecting the system’s fluid transport efficiency and possibly contributing to cardiovascular disease progression. The study revealed a significant alteration in vortex formation, with calcification causing distorted and complex vortex structures, which may influence the dynamics of blood flow and valve function. These insights into the hemodynamic changes induced by calcification contribute to a better understanding of the progression of aortic valve diseases and could inform more effective diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Complexity-Driven Trust Dynamics in Human–Robot Interactions: Insights from AI-Enhanced Collaborative Engagements
Authors: Zhu Yi , Wang Taotao , Wang Chang , Quan Wei , Tang Mingwei
Published: December 2023

This study explores the intricate dynamics of trust in human–robot interaction (HRI), particularly in the context of modern robotic systems enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI). By grounding our investigation in the principles of interpersonal trust, we identify and analyze both similarities and differences between trust in human–human interactions and human–robot scenarios. A key aspect of our research is the clear definition and characterization of trust in HRI, including the identification of factors influencing its development. Our empirical findings reveal that trust in HRI is not static but varies dynamically with the complexity of the tasks involved. Notably, we observe a stronger tendency to trust robots in tasks that are either very straightforward or highly complex. In contrast, for tasks of intermediate complexity, there is a noticeable decline in trust. This pattern of trust challenges conventional perceptions and emphasizes the need for nuanced understanding and design in HRI. Our study provides new insights into the nature of trust in HRI, highlighting its dynamic nature and the influence of task complexity, thereby offering a valuable reference for future research in the field.
A Contribution to Facilitate the Seismic Design in Lebanon Using Short-Length Spectrum-Consistent Earthquakes
Authors: Gerges Amal , Porcu Maria Cristina , Vielma Pérez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2023

Seismic regulations of developing countries are often grounded on rules of more experienced countries. The Lebanese regulations refer to four foreign codes, this excess of guidelines generating confusion and conflicting design choices. Moreover, the scarcity of earthquakes recorded in the Lebanese area makes it difficult to obtain suitable sets of spectrum-consistent accelerograms for dynamic analyses. Sorting through the reference regulations and the indications for their local application, this paper derives and compares all the design response spectra allowed by the Lebanese code. Consistent with the design response spectra of the two codes that are still in force (of the four referred to), some suites of spectrum-consistent accelerograms are derived. Based on the Arias intensity, a general procedure is also proposed to reduce the time duration of the accelerograms, while saving the earthquake energy content and, thus, the reliability of the results. Full-length and short-length spectrum-consistent accelerograms are thus made available for the Lebanese design. With reference to a two-dimensional model some comparisons between response-spectrum-based and earthquake-based analyses are provided, which showed that the Lebanese code allows different safety levels for earthquake-resistant buildings. The paper provides a very useful contribution to researchers and designers that are involved in the protection of the Lebanese building heritage from seismic hazards, and it also provides data and tools that can be more generally exploited in other seismic areas.
Robust Frontal Vehicle Pose Estimation Based on Structural Parameter Optimization Using Reliable Edge Point Sequences
Authors: Chen Jiang , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Miao , Wang Xiaolan , Li Hong
Published: December 2023

In order to enhance the stability of vehicle pose estimation within driving videos, a novel methodology for optimizing vehicle structural parameters is introduced. This approach hinges on evaluating the reliability of edge point sequences. Firstly, a multi−task and iterative convolutional neural network (MI−CNN) is constructed, enabling the simultaneous execution of four critical tasks: vehicle detection, yaw angle prediction, edge point location, and visibility assessment. Secondly, an imperative aspect of the methodology involves establishing a local tracking search area. This region is determined by modeling the limitations of vehicle displacement between successive frames. Vehicles are matched using a maximization approach that leverages point similarity. Finally, a reliable edge point sequence plays a pivotal role in resolving structural parameters robustly. The Gaussian mixture distribution of vehicle distance change ratios, derived from two measurement models, is employed to ascertain the reliability of the edge point sequence. The experimental results showed that the mean Average Precision (mAP) achieved by the MI−CNN network stands at 89.9%. A noteworthy observation is that the proportion of estimated parameters whose errors fall below the threshold of 0.8 m consistently surpasses the 85% mark. When the error threshold is set at less than 0.12 m, the proportion of estimated parameters meeting this criterion consistently exceeds 90%. Therefore, the proposed method has better application status and estimation precision.
Development of Emotion Lexicons to Describe Sugar-Free Chocolate According to Consumers’ PROP Taster Status
Authors: van Zyl Telana , Mielmann Annchen , le Roux Neoline
Published: December 2023

Taste sensitivity can have a significant impact on consumers’ food choices. Consumers’ taster status and emotions can be guided by sensory information of sugared products. This paper aimed to develop emotional lexicons for sugar-free chocolates based on consumers’ taster status applying the check-all-that-apply (CATA) methodology. South African respondents’ (n = 153) bitter perception was evaluated with n-propylthiouracil (PROP) paper strips. Respondents received one sugar-free dark chocolate and one sugar-free milk chocolate and completed an electronic questionnaire. Respondents mainly purchased chocolate for its flavour, and enjoyed the taste of the sugar-free dark chocolate more than sugar-free milk chocolate. The non-tasters (>50%) chose positive emotions for sugar-free milk chocolate, while the medium tasters, selected more positive emotions for dark chocolate. The supertasters selected the most negative emotions for the sugar-free dark chocolate. Practical significant associations were found between the non-tasters and the emotion guilty, as well as between the supertasters and the emotions, discontented and disgust. Each taster status requires the development of a distinctive lexicon to be emotionally satisfied by sugar-free products.
Experimental Study of Discharging Magnesium-Dissolved Oxygen Seawater Batteries with Various Binder Ratios
Authors: Cao Yimeng , Li Wanxing , Wang Fangzhou , Hao Xiaowen , Tan Jianyu
Published: December 2023

Magnesium-dissolved oxygen seawater batteries have open structures and flow seawater as electrolytes. These two features attract much attention. The cathode electrode is one of the key components that affect the performance of seawater batteries. In this study, seawater batteries with carbon cathodes made from three commercial carbons were investigated and discussed. The porous structure of the cathode was adjusted by changing the mass ratio between polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and carbon materials. The binder ratios range from 10% to 50%. The structure of the different porous carbon cathodes was characterized, and the discharging performance was analyzed. Results showed that the number of pores with diameters of 2–10 nm decreased as the PTFE ratio increased. Meanwhile, as the PTFE ratio increased from 10% to 50%, the seawater battery discharging voltage and capacity were first inhibited when the PTFE ratio was less than 20% but then promoted. It revealed that a balance should be achieved between the number of reaction sites and the paths for oxygen transfer. Moreover, the oxygen transfer in the porous electrode is more important for batteries working in seawater. This study practically investigates seawater batteries with various PTFE binder ratios and provides a reference for the design of magnesium-dissolved oxygen seawater batteries.
Impact of Production Methods and Storage Time on the Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Confitures Made from Blue Honeysuckle Berry (Lonicera caerulea L.)
Authors: Kalisz Stanisław , Polak Natalia , Cacak-Pietrzak Grażyna , Cendrowski Andrzej , Kruszewski Bartosz
Published: December 2023

The blue honeysuckle berry is a fruit known as a rich source of many bioactive substances with proven health-promoting effects. Due to its sour taste with a noticeable hint of bitterness, fruits of this plant are rarely consumed and the consumer prefers the processed form. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the cooking method on the biological quality of honeysuckle berry confiture. The selected recipe was used to make confiture in a vacuum evaporator using lowered pressure and in a thermomix vessel under atmospheric pressure. Then, the content of the chosen compounds and antioxidant activity of the two types of confitures were compared. The confitures were analyzed right after production and through 180 days of refrigerated storage. The pH, TA and TSS parameters remained unchanged regardless of the production process and storage time. Ascorbic acid, polyphenol and anthocyanin concentrations were greater in the confiture from vacuum cooking. Also, the same confiture showed a lower rate of degradation of bioactive substances during storage. The antioxidant activity of the two types of confiture was significantly different shortly after production, but equal at the end of 180-day storage. HMF content was four times higher in confitures cooked under atmospheric pressure than under vacuum. The confiture made from the honeysuckle berry was very rich in bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols. Vacuum cooking proved to be the best method for confiture production as a result of lower temperatures used and less aeration of the mass.
Conversion of NOx over Aluminosilicate Cu-CHA Zeolite Catalysts Synthesized Free of Organic Structure-Directing Agents
Authors: Nasser Galal A. , Adamu Haruna , Bakare Akolade I. , Sanhoob Mohammad A. , Zhao Huawang , Yamani Zain H. , Muraza Oki , Shafeai Emad , Schwank Johannes W.
Published: December 2023

Cu-CHA zeolites have proven to be effective for NOx reduction, but a drawback in using CHA zeolites is the cost associated with using expensive organic structure-directing agents. To overcome this drawback, we are reporting here the synthesis of Cu-CHA zeolite catalysts in both their NH4-form as well as K-form that do not require the use of organic structure-directing agents. After comprehensive characterization by XRF, XRD, 27Al NMR spectroscopy, FE-SEM, SEM/EDS, N2-adsorption/desorption, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, and XPS, the zeolite catalysts were tested for NOx conversion by NH3-selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR). Cu-NH4-CHA zeolite catalysts exhibited remarkable activity and thermal stability over a wide temperature window, outperforming their counterpart K-forms. Among the NH4-forms of CHA zeolite catalysts, the 0.1 M Cu-NH4-CHA showed the best catalytic performance, achieving 50% NOx conversion at a temperature as low as 192 °C, and reaching full conversion of NOx at 261 °C. These Cu-based CHA zeolite catalysts are promising thanks to their environmentally friendly synthesis and offer the opportunity of maximizing DeNOx strategies in applications for NOx pollution abatement.
Response of Fibroblasts from Menkes’ and Wilson’s Copper Metabolism-Related Disorders to Ionizing Radiation: Influence of the Nucleo-Shuttling of the ATM Protein Kinase
Authors: El Nachef Laura , Al-Choboq Joëlle , Bourguignon Michel , Foray Nicolas
Published: December 2023

Menkes’ disease (MD) and Wilson’s disease (WD) are two major copper (Cu) metabolism-related disorders caused by mutations of the ATP7A and ATP7B ATPase gene, respectively. While Cu is involved in DNA strand breaks signaling and repair, the response of cells from both diseases to ionizing radiation, a common DNA strand breaks inducer, has not been investigated yet. To this aim, three MD and two WD skin fibroblasts lines were irradiated at two Gy X-rays and clonogenic cell survival, micronuclei, anti-γH2AX, -pATM, and -MRE11 immunofluorescence assays were applied to evaluate the DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) recognition and repair. MD and WD cells appeared moderately radiosensitive with a delay in the radiation-induced ATM nucleo-shuttling (RIANS) associated with impairments in the DSB recognition. Such delayed RIANS was notably caused in both MD and WD cells by a highly expressed ATP7B protein that forms complexes with ATM monomers in cytoplasm. Interestingly, a Cu pre-treatment of cells may influence the activity of the MRE11 nuclease and modulate the radiobiological phenotype. Lastly, some high-passage MD cells cultured in routine may transform spontaneously becoming immortalized. Altogether, our findings suggest that exposure to ionizing radiation may impact on clinical features of MD and WD, which requires cautiousness when affected patients are submitted to radiodiagnosis and, eventually, radiotherapy.
Investigating the Stirred Tank Bioreactor Co-Cultures of the Secondary Metabolite Producers Streptomyces noursei and Penicillium rubens
Authors: Boruta Tomasz , Ścigaczewska Anna , Bizukojć Marcin
Published: December 2023

The stirred tank bioreactor co-cultures of the filamentous fungus Penicillium rubens and actinomycete Streptomyces noursei were studied with regard to secondary metabolite (SM) production, sugar consumption, and dissolved oxygen levels. In addition to the quantitative analysis of penicillin G and nystatin A1, the broad repertoire of 22 putatively identified products was semi-quantitatively evaluated with the use of UPLC-MS. Three co-cultivation variants differing with respect to the co-culture initiation method (i.e., the simultaneous inoculation of P. rubens and S. noursei and the 24 or 48 h inoculation delay of S. noursei relative to P. rubens) were investigated. All the co-cultures were carried out in parallel with the corresponding monoculture controls. Even though S. noursei showed the tendency to outperform P. rubens and inhibit the production of fungal secondary metabolites, the approach of simultaneous inoculation was effective in terms of enhancing the production of some S. noursei SMs, namely desferrioxamine E, deshydroxynocardamine, and argvalin. S. noursei displayed the capability of adaptation and SM production even after being inoculated into the 24 or 48 h culture of P. rubens. Interestingly, S. noursei turned out to be more efficient in terms of secondary metabolite production when its inoculation time relative to P. rubens was delayed by 48 h rather than by 24 h. The study demonstrated that the prolongation of inoculation delays can be beneficial for production-related performance in some co-culture systems.
From the Analysis of Anatomy and Locomotor Function of Biological Foot Systems to the Design of Bionic Foot: An Example of the Webbed Foot of the Mallard
Authors: Han Dianlei , Liu Hairui , Ren Lizhi , Hu Jinrui , Yang Qizhi
Published: December 2023

This study utilized the mallard’s foot as the subject, examining the bone distribution via computed tomography (CT) and analyzing pertinent parameters of the tarsometatarsal bones. Additionally, gross anatomy methods were employed to elucidate the characteristics of the toes and webbing bio-structures and their material composition. Biologically, the mallard’s foot comprises tarsometatarsal bones and 10 phalanges, enveloped by fascia, tendons, and skin. Vernier calipers were used to measure the bones, followed by statistical analysis to acquire structural data. Tendons, originating in proximal muscles and terminating in distal bones beneath the fascia, facilitate force transmission and systematic movement of each segment’s bones. Regarding material composition, the skin layer serves both encapsulation and wrapping functions. Fat pads, located on the metatarsal side of metatarsophalangeal joints and each phalanx, function as cushioning shock absorbers. The correlation between the force applied to the tarsometatarsal bones and the webbing opening angle was explored using a texture analyzer. A simplified model describing the driving force behind the webbing opening angle was introduced. Furthermore, we designed a bionic foot, contributing a foundational reference for anti-sinking bionic foot development.
Evaluation of Mobile Risk Perception Training System for Improving the Safety Awareness of Construction Workers
Authors: Kim Minji , Jo Dongmyung , Jeong Jaewook
Published: December 2023

Toolbox Meeting (TBM) activities conducted before work at construction sites are representative activities with characteristics such as work sharing and improving safety awareness. However, there is a limitation to the conventional TBM approach as it proceeds only formally and is not systematic because it proceeds without the manager’s prior preparation. Therefore, in this study, TBM was conducted using a mobile app by supplementing the limitation of conventional TBMs, and we examined whether mobile TBM is more effective in improving the safety awareness of construction site workers. A survey of 400 people was conducted at two sites implementing existing TBM or mobile TBM. This study included survey development, survey target selection, and statistical analysis. The analysis revealed three main results. First, mobile TBM was more efficient. Second, workers at mobile TBM application sites (M = 4.24) were more positive and satisfied with daily safety activities than those using existing TBMs (M = 3.95). Finally, the impact of TBM education and worker safety awareness was higher in sites using mobile TBM (M = 4.14) than those using existing TBM (M = 3.94). This study provides valuable evidence for construction site safety management decision-makers considering the adoption of smart safety management tools such as mobile TBMs.
A 4E Comparative Study between BIPV and BIPVT Systems in Order to Achieve Zero-Energy Building in Cold Climate
Authors: Javadijam Ramtin , Shahverdian Mohammad Hassan , Sohani Ali , Sayyaadi Hoseyn
Published: December 2023

The growing demand for energy has led to the popularity of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. However, photovoltaic (PV) system efficiency decreases as the temperature increases. To address this issue, a study was conducted on a BIPV thermal (BIPVT) system, which can generate both thermal and electrical energy, to enhance its efficiency. In this study, for the cold weather in Tabriz city in Iran, BIPV and BIPVT systems are compared with each other in terms of energy, economy, exergy, and environment (4E) and the goal is to fully supply the thermal and electrical load of the desired building. The studied criteria are electrical power and heat recovery, payback time (PBT), exergy efficiency, and saved carbon dioxide (SCD) from the energy, economic, exergy, and environmental point of view, respectively. Finally, it is concluded that in cold weather, the BIPVT system can achieve a 7.15% improvement in produced power compared to the BIPV system and 52.2% of the building’s heating needs are provided. It also causes the exergy efficiency to improve by an average of 1.69% and saves 34.98 ton of carbon dioxide. The PBT of this study is calculated as 5.77 years for the BIPV system and 4.78 years for the BIPVT system.
Analysis of Sectoral Environmental Product Declarations as a Data Source for Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Otero María Seila , Garnica Teresa , Montilla Soledad , Conde Marta , Tenorio José A.
Published: December 2023

The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is becoming increasingly prevalent in the quantification of the environmental status in the building sector following new legislative frameworks. Countries need to quantify and assess their environmental impacts as a previous step to regulation and decision-making. In this context, based on a consensus with manufacturers, standardized national data sets are being developed, referred to as sectoral environmental product declarations (EPDs). This study assesses these EPDs with the aim of providing relevant information for global decision-making, focusing on their consistency and shortcomings. An assessment was carried out at both the national level, considering all sectoral EPDs and declared products, and at the international level, with three common building materials (brick, steel, and concrete). The results highlight the lack of traceability in the development and assessment of uncertainty, resulting in substantial discrepancies in reported impacts, especially in the later stages of the life cycle (up to 90% difference). Meanwhile, impacts such as global warming potential or total renewable and non-renewable primary energy use show homogeneous values in the cradle-to-gate stages, with differences generally being under 10%. The analysis of sectoral EPDs should act as a guideline for designing buildings with environmental sustainability criteria, as the last section of this study attempts to highlight.
State of the Art of Probiotic Use in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in French-Speaking European Countries
Authors: Blanchetière Amélie , Dolladille Charles , Goyer Isabelle , Join-Lambert Olivier , Fazilleau Laura
Published: December 2023

The effectiveness of probiotics in reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis has been supported by a very large number of studies. However, the utilization of probiotics in preterm infants remains a topic of debate. This study aims to assess the rate of probiotic use in European neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), compare administration protocols, and identify barriers and concerns associated with probiotic use. An online questionnaire was distributed via email to European NICUs between October 2020 and June 2021. Different questions related to the frequency of probiotic use were proposed. Data on probiotic administration protocols and reasons for non-utilization were collected. The majority of responses were from France and Switzerland, with response rates of 85% and 89%, respectively. A total of 21% of French NICUs and 100% of Swiss NICUs reported routine probiotic use. There was significant heterogeneity in probiotic administration protocols, including variations in probiotic strains, administration, and treatment duration. The main obstacles to routine probiotic use were the absence of recommendations, lack of consensus on strain selection, insufficient scientific evidence, and concerns regarding potential adverse effects. The rate of routine probiotic administration remains low in European NICUs, with heterogeneity among protocols. Further trials are necessary to elucidate optimal treatment modalities and ensure safety of administration.
DNA Methylation of the IL-17A Gene Promoter Is Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease: The Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease Mexican Study
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Nonanzit , Posadas-Sánchez Rosalinda , Vargas-Alarcón Gilberto , Pérez-Méndez Óscar , Luna-Luna María , Rodríguez-Pérez José Manuel
Published: December 2023

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) has a crucial role during inflammation and has been associated with cardiovascular diseases, but its role in epigenetics is still poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the DNA methylation status of the IL-17A gene promoter to establish whether it may represent a risk factor for subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) or clinical coronary artery disease (CAD). We included 38 patients with premature CAD (pCAD), 48 individuals with SA, and 43 healthy controls. Methylation in the CpG region of the IL-17A gene promoter was assessed via methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). Individuals with SA showed increased methylation levels compared to healthy controls and pCAD patients, with p < 0.001 for both. Logistic regression analysis showed that high methylation levels represent a significant risk for SA (OR = 5.68, 95% CI = 2.38–14.03, p < 0.001). Moreover, low methylation levels of the IL-17A gene promoter DNA represent a risk for symptomatic pCAD when compared with SA patients (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.06–0.41, p < 0.001). Our data suggest that the increased DNA methylation of the IL-17A gene promoter is a risk factor for SA but may be a protection factor for progression from SA to symptomatic CAD.
The Umlindi Newsletter: Disseminating Climate-Related Information on the Management of Natural Disaster and Agricultural Production in South Africa
Authors: Maake Reneilwe , Malherbe Johan , Masupha Teboho , Chirima George , Beukes Philip , Roffe Sarah , Thompson Mark , Moeletsi Mokhele
Published: December 2023

The Umlindi newsletter was developed to provide information towards climate advisories, considering, for instance, drought conditions, presented in a relevant manner for the agricultural and disaster sectors in South Africa. This newsletter, which is disseminated on a monthly basis, provides information derived from climate-related monitoring products obtained from an integration of remote sensing and in situ data from weather stations. It contains useful indicators, such as rainfall, vegetation, and fire conditions, that provide an overview of conditions across the country. The present study demonstrates how these natural resource indices are integrated and consolidated for utilization by farmers, policy-makers, private organizations, and the general public to make day-to-day decisions on the management and mitigation of natural disasters. However, there is a need to expand these baseline observation initiatives, including the following: (1) forecasting future conditions to strengthen coping mechanisms of government, farmers, and communities at large; and (2) incorporating information on other natural disasters such as floods and extreme heat. In the context of South Africa, this information is important to improve disaster preparedness and management for agricultural productivity. In a global context, the Umlindi newsletter can be insightful for developing and disseminating natural resources information on adaptation to and mitigation of climate change and variability impacts to other regions facing similar risks. Furthermore, while international organizations also provide natural resource information, the Umlindi newsletter may be distinguished by its regional focus and linkages to individual communities. It bridges the gap between global environmental data and local decision-making by illustrating how global scientific knowledge may be applied locally.