bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BALANCED BOOTSTRAP ESTIMATORS FOR THE PROBABILITY OF MISCLASSIFICATIONS IN DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS
Authors: MANGKU I W.
Published: October 2018

In this paper we propose new error rate estimators based on balanced bootstrap technique, which are expected to per- form better than the existing estimators. These estimators can be computed by means of separate or mixture resampling methodol- ogy. We consider both of them.
PENDUGAAN PARAMETER DERET WAKTU HIDDEN MARKOV SATU WAKTU SEBELUMNYA
Authors: SETIAWATY B. , SANTOSO D. H.
Published: October 2018

Pendugaan parameter deret waktu Hidden Markov satu waktu sebelumnya dilakukan mengunakan Metode Maximum Likelihood dan pendugaan ulang menggunakan metode Expectation Maximization. Dari kajian ini diperoleh algoritme untuk menduga parameter model.
FORMULASI LAGRANGE UNTUK MENGGAMBARKAN GERAK GELOMBANG INTERNAL DI ATMOSFIR
Authors: JAHARUDDIN J.
Published: October 2018

Dengan menggunakan metode asimtotik, diturunkan persamaan gerak gelombang internal yang sesuai pada lapisan atmosfir. Persamaan gerak ini merupakan kombinasi antara persamaan Korteweg-de vries (KdV) dan persamaan Benjamin-Ono (BO). Persamaan KdV-BO muncul sebagai suatu kondisi terselesaikan dari suatu masalah nilai batas. Koefisien dari persamaan KdV-BO dinyatakan dalam bentuk integral dari suatu fungsi yang muncul pada pendekatan linear gelombang.
ALGORITMA PENGENDALI KONKURENSI TERDISTRIBUSI (DROCC)
Authors: BUKHARI F.
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini memperkenalkan algoritma pengendalian konkurensi untuk sistem basis data terdistribusi atau dikenal dengan sebutan DROCC (Distributed Read commit Order Concurrency Control), karena algoritma DROCC merupakan pengembangan algoritma ROCC (Read commit Order Concurrenct Control) yang diperkenalkan oleh Shi dan Perizzo untuk sistem basis data terpusat. Sama halnya dengan ROCC, algoritma DROCC mengurut eksekusi transaksi tanpa menggunakan mekanisme locking, tetapi menggunakan struktur Read Commit queue (RC-queue) untuk mengurut akses terhadap basis data lokal dan menggunakan struktur serial graph untuk mengurut transaksi secara global. Proses validasi pada algoritma DROCC terdiri dari proses validasi lokal dan proses validasi global. Proses validasi lokal DROCC merupakan penyempurnaan proses validasi ROCC. Sedangkan proses validasi global memanfaatkan struktur serial graph yang dibangkitkan dari RC-queue. Pada penelitian ini mekanisme penghapusan transaksi yang sudah tervalidasi juga dirancang.Algoritma DROCC memiliki feature, (i) optimistik, setiap request langsung dieksekusi tanpa penundaan yang berarti, (ii) bebas deadlock baik lokal maupun global, (iii), masing-masing situs memiliki full autonomy.
De fronteras disciplinarias: diálogos entre la antropología y la criminología
Authors: Ortiz Elizondo Héctor
Published: October 2018

En este artículo reflexiono en torno al papel que puede tener el antropólogo al aplicar su saber al campo del derecho penal, en particular en relación con el trabajo pericial, en casos que involucren a sujetos indígenas. Los objetivos de estas reflexiones son cuestionar la percepción sobre nuestra disciplina y abrir el camino hacia una participación más activa del antropólogo en materia de criminología. Se darán ejemplos de casos penales que ilustren las discrepancias conceptuales al momento de participar como peritos en litigios concretos.
Dilemas del perito experto: derechos indígenas a la tierra en Surinam y Guyana
Authors: Kirsch Stuart
Published: October 2018

Este artículo examina dos informes periciales presentados ante la Comisión y la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. El primero, sobre la negativa de Surinam a reconocer los derechos a la tierra de los pueblos indígenas, a pesar de sus obligaciones internacionales. El segundo, sobre títulos de tierras de población indígena en Guyana. Comparar ambos casos me permite hacer observaciones sobre la investigación etnográfica a corto plazo para peritajes antropológicos, incluyendo la necesidad de hacer que estos informes resulten comprensibles en tres marcos superpuestos: el de los abogados y el sistema legal, el de las comunidades en lucha por sus derechos, y el de la disciplina antropológica. Además, considero las elecciones narrativas adoptadas en los informes, los dilemas políticos de ser perito experto y los desafíos de la etnografía a corto plazo.
Agenda versus agencia: una traducción a política pública del movimiento de los ex braceros en México (1942-1967)
Authors: Schaffhauser Philippe
Published: October 2018

Este artículo versa sobre la construcción de políticas públicas migratorias en perspectiva pragmatista, constructivista e interaccionista. Se centra en el estudio y el análisis de la transformación del movimiento bracero —cuyo origen es la falta de pago de un fondo de retiro campesino— en un programa de atención social a ex trabajadores migratorios mexicanos (1942-1964). Plantea que las políticas públicas que se derivan de la movilización social pueden seranalizadas en tanto interacciones hechas de reclamos, traducción de éstos y constitución de coto de poder para su expresión política y moral, por medio de figuras sociales distintas, como víctimas, portadores, traductores y propietarios de “un problema”. En este sentido, el movimiento de los ex braceros constituye un ejemplo claro.
Por una perspectiva kaingang sobre diabetes e hipertensión arterial: prácticas de autoatención, articulaciones y conflictos
Authors: Portela García Sandra Carolina
Published: October 2018

A partir de un acercamiento etnográfico a indígenas kaingang diagnosticados como hipertensos o diabéticos, en este artículo se describen prácticas de autoatención adoptadas por este grupo indígena para lidiar con dichas enfermedades y se explora cómo éstas forman parte de un entramado de relaciones entre las tradiciones médicas coexistentes en la región. A la luz de estas prácticas, se conocerán las perspectivas nativas sobre diabetes e hipertensión arterial, que difieren de lo establecido por la biomedicina y el Sistema Único de Salud. También se hablará de la autonomía de los pacientes indígenas y su capacidad de agencia para contestar las prácticas de biopoder dispuestas por el Estado mediante la práctica biomédica.
Possibilities of Usage of Oilcakes from Non-traditional Oil Plants for Development of Health-friendly Functional Food Products
Authors: Montrimaitė Kristina , Moščenkova Elena
Published: October 2018

Research studies have shown that the nutrition of Lithuanian population is not healthy. The objective of this study was to investigate the possibilities of usage of oilcakes from non- conventional oil plants for the development of new food products and estimation of their quality and nutritional properties. For this purpose the standard methods were used to determine and compare the nutritional value of non-traditional oilseed cakes, analyzed the possibilities of their use for development of new confectionery products. During experimental tests, the bread samples were developed and made enriched with 2.5%, 5% chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oilcake flour and also the donuts enriched with 2 to 8% citrus fibers Citri – Fi and with 8% chia oilcake flour.The physico-chemical quality, organoleptic properties of oilcakes and new products were determined by standard methods. Nutritional value of new breads was calculated using Excel program. It was found that oilcakes from non-traditional oilseeds contain up to 50 % protein and up to 35 % fiber. Chia oilcake is rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Laboratory tests showed that the bread with 2.5 % chia oilcake addition was distinguished by the best technological and organoleptic characteristics. The use of chia oilcake in the production of yeast donuts reduced the loss of fritting fat and the amount of fat in the donuts was lower by about 40% than the amount of fat in the control sample. Chia oilcakes have the same technological properties as citrus fibers Citri-Fi.
Traditional Cottage Cheese production in Kosovo
Authors: Berisha Kaltrina , Thaqi Mentor , Bytyqi Hysen
Published: October 2018

The study was conducted to identify the technological process of cottage cheese production as well as its diversity produced in traditional way in Kosovo. The data were collected by survey realized during the period October 2015 – April 2016. The sample size was calculated as 450 small-scale households and was randomly selected, representing all regions of Kosovo. The data were collected by face to face survey in rural settlements. The study was focused on the mode of cottage cheese production, as a way of coagulation, pasteurization, storage and use of cottage cheese produced. According to study result, it was found that Kosovo is characterized by a very small diversity of cottage cheese produced in the traditional form and the technological process of curd production differ slightly between the regions of Kosovo (mainly in the way of coagulation of curd).
Effect of the Electrodes Type on the Energy Efficiency of Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Parvanova-Mancheva Tsvetomila Ivanova , Razkazova-Velkova Elena , Martinov Martin , Stefanov Stefan , Beschkov Venko
Published: October 2018

Traditional methods for wastewater treatment are associated with high energy consumption. This is why biological treatment of water is more appropriate at the moment. In our previous study, oxidation and reduction of pollutants have been proposed to be carried out in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) designed by our laboratory that simultaneously purifies wastewater from sulfide and nitrate ions and generates electricity. The experiments were carried out with two types of electrodes, graphite rods and paddling of activated carbon using a Fumapem® FFA-3-PK-75 (OH- form) membrane. The results show that the cell has higher energy output when using paddling of activated carbon as an electrode.
ANIMASI 3D PERGERAKAN BURUNG TERBANG MENGGUNAKAN MODEL BOIDS
Authors: Sikenali Ara , Atthariq Atthariq
Published: October 2018

Animasi 3D mulai berkembang dengan sangat pesat,simulasi perilaku burung merupakan tema riset dalam bidang komputer grafik yang memiliki banyak manfaat, antara lain untuk membuat simulasi pergerakan, pendeteksi tabrakan dan sebagai unsur pendukung realisme dalam aniamasi,Simulasi pergerakan kerumunan ini menggunakan metode algoritma boid dengan memperhitungkan jarak,kecepatan, dan pergerakan yang baik., saling menjaga jarak posisi dan ditam bah prilaku menghindari hambatan secara berkelompok menggunakan algoritma boids. Kata kunci :Animation, modeling 3D, floking bird,boid dan simulation.
Exploring marine environmental issues in the Mass Media: insights from television, newspaper and internet searches in Chile
Authors: Saud Gabriela Thompson , Gelcich Stefan , Barraza Jose
Published: October 2018

Mass media is a useful way to inform the public about marine conservation, however studies about its effectiveness are lacking. This research explores the role of mass media in the diffusion of marine conservation information. Coverage of marine environmental issues in the mass media are assessed for Chile using a diversity of sources, namely, newspaper and broadcast television. In addition, public interest about conservation topics was assessed using Google Trends for Chile. Results show that there is a relatively low coverage of marine news in broadcast television and in newspapers. During the last decade, internet searches show the interest in marine conservation issues decreased and the only conservation related term, whose search increased over time, is sustainability. There is a tendency towards an increase in the number of newspaper publications related to economic and business issues. There seems to be no strategy from the environmental ministry or research institutions focused on developing a storyline related to marine conservation news in the mass media. Results stress the need to develop a long-term communications plan in order to strengthen diffusion of marine environmental impacts and conservation issues through mass media.
Rapid Assessment of Reward-Related Eating: The RED-X5
Authors: Vainik Uku , Han Jung Eun , Epel Elissa , Tomiyama A. Janet , Dagher Alain , Mason Ashley
Published: October 2018

Objective: Obesity’s prevalence has created a plethora of questionnaires characterizing psychological aspects of eating behaviour, such as reward-related eating (RRE). The Reward-based Eating Drive questionnaires (RED-9, RED-13) broadly and deeply assesses the RRE construct. However, large-sample research designs require shorter questionnaires that capture RRE quickly and precisely. We sought to develop a brief, reliable, and valid version of the RED questionnaire.Methods: We used all-subset correlation to find a subset that maximally associated with the full RED-13 in two separate samples. We validated results in a third independent sample. We also assessed internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and ability to explain variance in external outcomes. Results: A 5-item questionnaire (RED-X5) correlated strongly with RED-13 in the independent sample (r = .95). RED-X5 demonstrated high internal consistency (omega total ≥ .80) and 6-month test-retest reliability (r = .72). RED-X5 accurately reproduced known associations between RED-13 and body mass index, diabetes status, and craving for sweet and savory foods. As a novel finding, RED questionnaires predicted laboratory intake of chips.Conclusions: The RED-X5 is a short, reliable, and valid measure of the RRE construct and can be readily implemented in large-sample research designs where questionnaire space is limited. Materials are available at https://osf.io/bd3mg/.
Ideological Consistency, Political Orientation, and Variability Across Moral Foundations
Authors: Pyszczynski Tom , Kesebir Pelin , Motyl Matt , Yetzer Andrea , Anson Jacqueline M.
Published: October 2018

We conceptualized ideological consistency as the extent to which an individual’s attitudes toward diverse political issues are coherent among themselves from an ideological standpoint. Four studies compared the ideological consistency of self-identified liberals and conservatives. Across diverse samples, attitudes, and consistency measures, liberals were more ideologically consistent than conservatives. In other words, conservatives’ individual-level attitudes toward diverse political issues (e.g., abortion, gun control, welfare) were more dispersed across the political spectrum than were liberals’ attitudes. Study 4 demonstrated that variability across commitments to different moral foundations predicted ideological consistency and mediated the relationship between political orientation and ideological consistency.
Innovation in Latin America through the lens of bibliometrics: Crammed and fading away
Authors: Cortés-Sánchez Julián David
Published: October 2018

Research in the field of innovation in business, management, and accounting (BMA) in Latin America (LATAM) has surpassed all expectations of its net output. Yet this digital tide suggests several concerns regarding its impact and both its established and emergent research topics at the individual, institutional, and country level. In this paper, an outlook of the field was developed based on a sample of +1,300 documents indexed in Scopus from 1983 to 2018. Public institutions in Brazil and Colombia have been both the most cited and productive in the region. Nevertheless, documents lead by non-LATAM authors showed significant differences in both paper citations and journals’ h-index compared to leading authors from LATAM. Three of the major concerns raised were, first, a growing inter-regional gap among LATAM countries. Second, the intensive use of a journal with predatory features over the last five years, therefore cites/document measure is at the lowest point of the past 17 years. And third, the delay of recently emergent topics in the region that have been in the literature for more than a decade, while frontier topics for BMA innovation such as those of Industry 4.0 remain unnoticed.
Gut microbiota: Enemy inside the obese
Authors: Roy Bedanta
Published: October 2018

Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2017;4(2):9-10
TEACHER-DEFECTOLOGIST FORMATION OF IMAGE СОMPETENCE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
Authors:   6D010500, PhD 2nd year student Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan. E-mail: gulshat8@inbox.ru, Koshzhanova Gulshat
Published: October 2018

In this article, it is necessary to consider the aspects of the use of image tools to create the image of a teacher defectologist, continuously identifying with the relationship of self-learning, knowledge enhancement, creativity, and responsibility. Today, society needs a diverse economy, culture, education, etc. and the development of these sectors is intensive. In this regard, the demand for modern pedagogues is increasing every day. Therefore, it is also important to establish a communication between a student and a teacher, while at the present time to overcome various pedagogical difficulties for the teacher in the learning process.
EDUCATION IMPORTANCE IMPLEMENTATION PREPARATION FOR SELF-GOVERNING STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   6D010300, PhD 2nd year student Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan. E-mail: nurila.zhenis@mail.ru, Abilova Gulmira
Published: October 2018

The article focuses on the self-fulfillment of youth in the current educational process of the university. The basic components of self-realization and their measurement data are examined among students of different higher education institutions. The issue of organizing educational work at the university is urgent nowadays, which influences the impact of higher education on student youth. In this regard, I believe that the university curriculum should make students create the necessary meaning in the future profession and culture, and create the necessary conditions for academic and professional disciplines to facilitate the movement of students in building their personal potential.
TÜRKİYE’DE ANAYASA DÜZEYİNDE ORMANCILIKLA İLGİLİ DEĞİŞİKLİK ÇALIŞMALARINA YÖNELİK BAKIŞ AÇILARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Tolunay Ahmet , Akar Emre
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’ de anayasa düzeyinde
ormancılıkla ilgili değişiklik çalışmalarını ortaya koyarak, farklı grupların
konuya bakış açılarını değerlendirmektir. 
Bu kapsamda, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasalarında konu ile ilgili
hükümler, hükümet, muhalefet, sivil toplum kuruluşları üyeleri ve
akademisyenlerin görüşleri irdelenerek, konu üç farklı grubun (Orman
mühendisleri, OGM Müfettişleri, Orman Mühendisliği öğrencileri) bakış açıları ile
ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak anket tekniğinden
yararlanılmıştır. Anket 245 kişiye uygulanmıştır. Anket sorularında 4’lü likert
ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesi için SPSS 20
istatistik paket programından yararlanılmış ve istatistiksel analizlerde 0,05
anlamlılık düzeyi ölçüt alınmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılıma sahip olmaması
sebebiyle parametrik olmayan testlerden Kruskal Wallis testi ile veriler
değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada önemli bir bulgu olarak, Yeni Anayasada
ormanlar ve ormancılıkla ilgili düzenlemelerin yer alması durumunda, bu
hükümler 1982 Anayasasında olduğu gibi “ormanların korunması ve geliştirilmesi”
ile “orman köylüsünün korunması” şeklinde iki veya daha fazla maddede mi yer
almalı, tek maddede mi düzenlenmeli mi fikrine, %32,2’si tek maddede,  %55,5’i birden fazla maddede yer alması
gerektiği ve %11,4’ü başka bir madde başlığı altında düzenlenebileceğini
belirtmiştir. Araştırmaya katılanların %0,8’i ise anayasada orman ve
ormancılıkla düzenlemeye gerek yoktur cevaplarını vermiştir.
Community, Engagement, and Democracy: Re-envisioning Public Relations and Public Interest Communications through Civic Professionalism
Authors: Brunner Brigitta
Published: October 2018

This paper explores how public relations and public information communication can rise above an era of fake news and alternative facts. The author investigates how public relations and public interest communications fit with the concept of civic professionalism as a way of building community and engagement. Civic professionalism is a framework that incorporates the values of education with civic inquiry, reflection, and practical work. Thoughts for how public relations may shape and contribute to public interest communications by promoting dialogue in support of democracy to keep social trust and civic bonds intact are also examined.
Public Diplomacy in the Public Interest
Authors: Fitzpatrick Kathy
Published: October 2018

As public diplomacy becomes a more collaborative, socially conscious enterprise with increased focus on global issues, problem-solving and shared goals, public interest communications--or strategic communication efforts to influence outcomes on issues that transcend the particular interests of any single organization (Fessmann, 2016)--will become an increasingly important aspect of public diplomacy practice. This article explores public diplomacy’s expanding role and impact in global society, identifying key ways in which public diplomacy serves the public interest. It then recommends a research agenda to help explain how public interest communications works (or might work) in achieving public diplomacy goals that extend beyond national borders. The emphasis is on communication models, publics, ethics, and measurement.
Practitioner Q & A: Chenjerai Kumanyika
Authors: Chernin Kelly
Published: October 2018

Chenjerai Kumanyika is an Assistant Professor of Journalism and Media Studies in Rutgers’ School of Communication and Information, where he focuses on the intersection of social justice and the creative and cultural industries. In addition, he is Co-Executive Producer and Co-Host of Gimlet Media’s podcast Uncivil, which explores the Civil War and the historical and societal constructs of race in the United States. He has also contributed to Transom, NPR Codeswitch, All Things Considered, Invisibilia, VICE, as well as being a frequent contributor to Scene on Radio Podcast’s Seeing White series.
Clearcut Persuasion? Audience Cognition of Mediated Environmental Advertising through the Lens of the Elaboration Likelihood Model
Authors: Moscato Derek
Published: October 2018

Through the theoretical lens of Petty and Cacioppo’s Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and using the case of Oregon Wild and its campaign against clear-cut logging on public lands, this study explores the impact of media coverage of contentious activist advertising on audiences. A survey with experimental conditions measures attitudes of audiences exposed to this interplay of advocacy communication. The study assesses partiality toward the sponsor organization, a willingness by the target audience to act on its behalf, and an understanding of the central environmental issue. Differences between gender in reception of the campaign and coverage also are examined. By examining the interplay of social advertising, news media, and audiences, this study highlights a dynamic, social psychological stream of public interest communications.
When Organizational Advocacy and Public Advocacy Intersect in CSR: Examining Stage of Partnership and Activism in CSR Partnerships
Authors: Choi Minhee , Overton Holly , McKeever Robert
Published: October 2018

CSR partnerships have evolved and taken various forms as companies and nonprofit organizations work toward creating societal change for the public good. This study examined public relations advocacy in the context of CSR communication through a 2 x 2 online experiment with a sample of 240 participants. Specifically, this study examined interactions between CSR fit, stage of partnership, and individuals’ activism levels on individuals’ attitude toward a company, a nonprofit, and skepticism levels toward the CSR partnership. High fit and philanthropic stage of partnership became significant factors on attitude toward the company. Individuals’ activism levels had a positive interaction with stage of partnership in predicting skepticism toward the partnership. Theoretical implications and practical applications for public interest communications are discussed.
Regional banking system in Russia: Trends and factors of spatial distribution
Authors: Ageeva S. , Mishura A.
Published: October 2018

We examine the spatial distribution of banks in Russian regions to identify the factors that affect changing territorial architecture of the banking system. The object of the study is dynamics of the number of commercial banks and their branches in 1991-2016. Besides the well-known tendency of concentration of the banking business in Moscow and reducing the number of banks in other regions we analyzed situation in the federal districts taking as an example the Siberian Federal District. This approach allowed us to formulate hypotheses about the causes of differences in the availability of banking institutions in Russian regions.
A new wave of the global debt crisis: the risks increase
Authors: Kheyfets B.
Published: October 2018

Unlike the formally overcome global financial and economic crisis, which began in 2008, the global debt crisis, having passed an acute phase, continues. The article shows the features of the current global debt crisis and analyzes the main trends of its manifestation. The problems of the largest regions and countries with high debt burden - the EU, the USA, Japan, and China - are considered in detail. The main strategies worked out to overcome the current debt crisis have been singled out, and their positive and negative sides for stable economic growth have been assessed. The emerging prerequisites for aggravating the global debt crisis are shown. It is concluded that there is a need to attract more attention of the international community to debt problems, which should become one of the priority goals of global governance.
Towards a new organization of society and economy (on the book by N. V. Smorodinskaya “The globalized economy: from hierarchies to net structures”)
Authors: Deryabina M.
Published: October 2018

The paper overviews the basic ideas of the book by N. V. Smorodinskaya. It focuses on some definite as well as still not so definite changes in world pubic and economic structures. The main vector of the research is reorganization of today’s pubic and economic structures and establishing a net structure on this basis. The author follows these processes beginning with the first steps of forming a net structure. She examines the logic of changes of rigid hierarchical models of management and coordination of the free market for horizontal and net forms of organization. A new institutional space rests upon developed net interactions. Two main trends are in the focus of the author’s attention. First, collaboration phenomenon on all the levels of economy including so called “triple helix”, i.e., collaboration of the state, science and business. Second, cluster nets, i.e., orga- nization and management of collaboration. The cluster-net approach in industrial policy all over the world and topicality of such approach for modernization of Russian economy are presented in the monograph too.
State ownership and efficiency characteristics
Authors: Abramov A. , Radygin A. , Chernova M. , Entov R.
Published: October 2018

The paper examines the influence of state participation in the ownership structure of companies on their financial efficiency using a sample of 114 largest companies in Russia. As an indirect indicator of efficiency we used a variety of financial indicators: revenue per employee (gross margin), return on equity, profit margin and debt burden. The authors have tried to discriminate the influence of direct and indirect state ownership. Using econometric analysis we conclude that the size of the block of shares owned by the state has negative effect on the performance characteristics, and its increase is associated with an increase in the debt burden of companies. According to our criteria, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) on average perform worse than private companies. The study shows that a change in the profitability of private companies is characterized by a significant dependence on the movement of indirect productivity characteristics. At the same time, for SOEs the similar correlation between return on equity and efficiency characteristics was not revealed. The study shows that the increase of the size of direct government ownership leads to lower productivity and profitability; the impact of indirect state ownership is, seemingly, more complicated.
Modeling the real ruble exchange rate under monetary policyregime change
Authors: Polbin A.
Published: October 2018

The paper estimates vector error correction model (VECM) for the real ruble exchange rate and real oil prices. The VECM model takes into account the structural break in short-term parameters due to the Bank of Russia monetary policy regime change in November 2014. Estimates show that the real exchange rate response to oil price shocks has dramatically changed. Before November2014 it took approximately one year to correct 50% of the real exchange rate gap due to oil prices permanent change. From November 2014 the real exchange rate adapts to oil price shocks almost instantly. The estimate of long-run elasticity of the real exchange rate on real oil prices is 0.33.
Private central banks
Authors: Moiseev S.
Published: October 2018

All the first central banks were established in the form of private joint-stock companies. After World War II the majority of them were nationalized. However the small group of central banks continues to remain in private property. Though their financial activities do not differ from other central banks, private property has an essential influence on corporate governance.
Locating the “poverty threshold” in Russia
Authors: Slobodenyuk E. D. , Anikin V. A.
Published: October 2018

The present paper focuses on identification of relative “poverty line” and a threshold of high poverty risks. The paper also studies key poverty factors in contemporary Russia. It demonstrates that the relative approach to poverty which is widely used in Western countries is applicable in Russia too. However, the relative poverty thresholds set at 0.5 and 0.75 medians per capita family income identify quite different groups of the poor. The threshold of 0.5 median income indicates deep poverty happened mostly to the unemployed workforce. The relative poverty threshold equal to 0.75 median income identifies the poverty of the elderly who are not considered as the poor by the absolute approach because pensions of Russians have been recently equalized to the subsistence level. Above all, the paper provides econometric estimates of socio-economic determinants of both absolute and relative poverty. It was revealed that the relative deep poverty of the working population was primarily caused by “bad” jobs rather than by “bad” human capital. Absolute poverty of workers is more or less determined by both factors.
Social development of modern Russia: trends, risks, prospects
Authors: Avraamova E. M. , Titov V. N.
Published: October 2018

The analysis of present-time directions in the study of social development has allowed to identify the resource approach as the most productive one which enables to assess social dynamics through the range of resource characteristics of different population groups and abilities of the relevant groups to apply development resources in the current economic and institutional conditions. Basing on the sociological survey conducted by ISAP RANEPA, the quantitative estimation of material and social recourses of the population has been made; integral values of the resource potential have been calculated as well. The issues of social structure formation are analyzed through the aspect of resource availability; the barriers of Russian middle-class enlargement are defined.
Efficiency of public and private R&D in technology-intensive industries: The controlled nuclear fusion case
Authors: Kovalev A. V.
Published: October 2018

The paper considers the relationship between the format of R&D activity (public or private) and the choice of strategy for innovative development in technology-intensive industries. The analysis is exemplified with the case of research on controlled nuclear fusion. Public and private strategies are shown to face different kinds of risks: public R&D suffers from low managerial efficiency and poor commercialization; private R&D focuses on research projects facing greater uncertainties and therefore larger risks, but in the event of success they lead to more cost-efficient technologies which are easier to commercialize.
Assessment of the state and level of development of public-private partnership projects in the subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: Savrukov A. N. , Savrukov N. T. , Kozlovskaya E. A.
Published: October 2018

The article analyzes the current state and level of development of publicprivate partnership (PPP) projects in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The authors conclude that a significant proportion of projects is implemented on a concession basis at the municipal level in the communal sphere. A detailed analysis of the project data showed that the structure of the projects is deformed in favor of the central regions of the Russian Federation, and a significant share in the total amount of financing falls on the transport sector. At the stage of assessing the level of development by the subjects of the Russian Federation, criteria were proposed, and index and integral indicators were used, which ensured comparability of the estimates obtained. At the end of the analysis, the regions were ranked and clustered according to the level of PPP development, which allowed to reveal the number and structure of leaders and outsiders.
Structural transformation of China’s economy: Success or failure?
Authors: Vasilenko A. S. , Chernyadyev D. N. , Vlasov S. A.
Published: October 2018

China needs to facilitate a structural transformation of its economy to avoid middle-income trap. This article explores historical experience of countries similar to China by economic development, that have gone through structural transformation, and studies possible options for China. Cases of Germany and Japan of the second half of 20thcentury prove that China has good chances to avoid middle-income trap driven by total factor productivity and human capital growth. China may fall in a middle-income trap should the financial stability be undermined given highly leveraged economy.
Transactions in science in comparative perspective
Authors: Oleinik A. N.
Published: October 2018

The article develops a transactional approach to studying science. Two concepts play a particularly important role: the institutional environment of science and scientific transaction. As an example, the North-American and Russian institutional environments of science are compared. It is shown that structures of scientific transactions (between peers, between the scholar and the academic administrator, between the professor and the student), transaction costs and the scope of academic freedom differ in these two cases. Transaction costs are non-zero in both cases, however. At the same time, it is hypothesized that a greater scope of academic freedom in the North American case may be a factor contributing to a higher scientific productivity.
Innovations and protection of property rights in the era of radical economic transformations
Authors: Kolomiets A. G.
Published: October 2018

Formation of the ecosystem of knowledge economy assumes creation of necessary institutional conditions. The most important elements of these conditions are property rights and mechanisms of their security. The paper discusses the questions of formation of institutional prerequisites of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain and claims that the evolution of property land rights (land during a pre-industrial era was the basic common resource) provided exclusivity of the rights of large landowners. It also shows the importance in this process of the English educated and ruling class with its ideological and moral traditions, which were marked by the emphasis on individualism and subjectivity. It is concluded that one needs to carefully treat the recommendations based on the experience of the Industrial Revolution. In the knowledge economy, the efficient use of common resources (the main of them being information) for creating innovations involves the development of the distributed property rights system and its protection.
Meningkatkan Kepuasan Pelanggan Melalui Knowledge Management Dan Service Quality
Authors: Yakup Yakup
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge management and service quality to customer satisfaction. The research was done at the University of Gorontalo by using a population of 147 students as respondents. Sampling techniques in this study using the proportional method possible random samples from six faculties. The analysis was performed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using Lisrel 8,70. The results of the research findings of research showed a positive influence knowledge management and service quality to customer satisfaction. The dominant variable effect on customer satisfaction is a variable service quality.
ESTIMATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH AND UNEVENNESS OF COMPACT-SPUN YARNS BY USING HVI FIBER PROPERTIES
Authors: ÜZÜMCÜ Memik Bünyamin , KADOĞLU Hüseyin
Published: October 2018

Compact spinning system, which has begun to gain an important place in textile industry, thanks to its desired yarn characteristics, was developed in the early 2000s.  Less hairy yarns can especially be produced with this system, as stated in the literature. Moreover, the system has significant advantages in terms of tensile strength. In this study, yarns were produced with different yarn counts (Ne 40 - Ne 90) and different twist coefficients (αe 3.8, αe 4.2 and αe 4.6) using the compact spinning system. Regression analysis was carried out using the test results of the yarns produced and HVI fiber properties which were measured before the production. It was investigated whether the properties of the yarns can be estimated before production by using specified fiber properties. As a result of the analysis, the derived equations were used to estimate tensile strength and unevenness values of the yarns. 
Protective effect of Aurelia aurita against free radicals and streptozotocin-induced diabetes
Authors: Talluri Mallikarjuna Rao , Ketha Alekhya , Battu Ganga Rao , Tadi Rajananda Swamy , Tatipamula Vinay Bharadwaj
Published: October 2018

The present work was carried out to identify the anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activities of Aurelia aurita. The chemical profiling analysis showed that it possess different biologically active secondary metabolites like phenols, alakoids, steroids etc. The methanolic extract showed different free radical scavenging activity as ascorbic acid with  IC50 values 202, 205, 153 µg on DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide free radicals. The extract significantly reduced the hyperglycemic conditions with percentage of reduction 18.7 ± 1.3 to 53.5 ±1.5 of streptozotocin-induced animals and the positive result of in-vitro aldose reductase enzyme inhibition with IC50 value 163 µg suggests that A. aurita have potential to cure the diabetic complications.
Chronotype, Risk and Time Preferences, and Financial Behaviour
Authors: Wang Di , McGroarty Frank , Cheah Eng-Tuck
Published: October 2018

This paper examines the effect of chronotype on the delinquent credit card payments and stock market participation through preference channels. Using an online survey of 455 individuals who have been working for 3 to 8 years in companies in mainland China, the results reveal that morningness is negatively associated with delinquent credit card payments. Morningness also indirectly predicts delinquent credit card payments through time preference, but this relationship only exists when individuals’ monthly income is at a low and average level. On the other hand, financial risk preference accounts for the effect of morningness on stock market participation. Consequently, an additional finding is that morningness is positively associated with financial risk preference, which contradicts previous findings in the literature. Finally, based on the empirical evidence, we discuss the plausible mechanisms that may drive these relationships and the implications for theory and practice. The current study contributes to the literature by examining the links between circadian typology and particular financial behaviour of experienced workers.
Sorption to Biochar Impacts β-Glucosidase and Phosphatase Enzyme Activities
Authors: Foster Erika , Fogle Emily , Cotrufo M.
Published: October 2018

Extracellular enzymes catalyze biogeochemical reactions in soil, cycling carbon and nutrients in agricultural systems. Enzymes respond quickly to soil management, including organic amendment inputs, such as biochar, a charcoal-like solid byproduct of bioenergy production. In a previous agricultural field trial, a pine biochar amendment caused an approximately 40% decrease in the enzyme activities of β-glucosidase (BG) and phosphatase (PHOS). The large surface area of the pine biochar has the potential to sorb nutrients and other organic molecules. To test if sorption caused decreased enzyme activity, we used a laboratory assay to quantify the activity of two sorbed enzymes: BG and acid PHOS, involved in the cycling of carbon and phosphorous. The enzymes were incubated with three solid phases: (1) the high surface area pine biochar, (2) the agricultural soil, and (3) a low surface area grass biochar, for an additional comparison. We quantified the sorbed enzymes at pH 6, 7, and 8, using a Bradford protein assay, and measured the immobilized enzyme activities via high-throughput fluorometric analysis. After sorption onto pine biochar, detectable BG and PHOS activity levels dropped by over 95% relative to the soil, supporting direct sorption as one mechanism that reduces enzyme activity in biochar amended soil. This laboratory assay demonstrated that sorption could account for the lack of priming of native soil organic matter and changes in soil phosphorous cycling after pine biochar addition.
Turbulence Structure in a Stratocumulus Cloud
Authors: Matheou Georgios
Published: October 2018

The growth of computing power combined with advances in modeling methods can yield high-fidelity simulations establishing numerical simulation as a key tool for discovery in the atmospheric sciences. A fine-scale large-eddy simulation (LES) utilizing 1.25 m grid resolution and 5.12 × 5.12 km 2 horizontal domain is used to investigate the turbulence and liquid water structure in a stratocumulus cloud. The simulations capture the observed cloud morphology, including elongated regions of low liquid water path, cloud holes, and pockets of clear air within the cloud. The cloud can be partitioned into two broad layers with respect to the maximum mean liquid. The lower layer resembles convective turbulent structure with classical inertial range scaling of the velocity and scalar energy spectra. The top and shallower layer is directly influenced by the cloud top radiative cooling and the entrainment process. Near the cloud top, the liquid water spectra become shallower and transition to a k − 1 power law for scales smaller than about 1 km .
A Study on Elevated Concentrations of Submicrometer Particles in an Urban Atmosphere
Authors: Cho Hee-Joo , Kang Jia , Kim Dohyeong , Seo Arom , Park Minhan , Joo Hungsoo , Park Kihong
Published: October 2018

Mass concentrations of chemical constituents (organics, nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, chloride, and black carbon (BC)) and the number size distribution of submicrometer particles in the ambient atmosphere were continuously measured in urban Gwangju, Korea, during the Megacity Air Pollution Studies (MAPS)-Seoul campaign. Organics (9.1 μg/m3) were the most dominant species, followed by sulfate (4.7 μg/m3), nitrate (3.2 μg/m3), ammonium (2.6 μg/m3), and BC (1.3 μg/m3) in submicrometer particles (particulate matter less than 1 μm (PM1)). The potential source regions of the sulfate were located in the South and East regions of China and South and East regions of Korea, while local sources were responsible for the elevated BC concentration. Diurnal variation showed that concentrations of organics, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, and BC decreased with increasing mixing layer and wind speed (dilution effect), while sulfate and oxidized organics increased possibly due to their strong photochemical production in the afternoon. During the campaign, an elevated mass concentration of PM1 (PM1 event) and number concentration (nanoparticle formation (NPF) event) were observed (one PM1 event and nine NPF events out of 28 days). The PM1 event occurred with Western and Southwestern air masses with increasing sulfate and organics. Long-range transported aerosols and stagnant meteorological conditions favored the elevated mass concentration of submicrometer particles. Most of the NPF events took place between 10:00 and 14:00, and the particle growth rates after the initial nanoparticle formation were 7.2–11.0 nm/h. The times for increased concentration of nanoparticles and their growth were consistent with those for elevated sulfate and oxidized organics in submicrometer particles under strong photochemical activity.
Cytoplasmic p21 Mediates 5-Fluorouracil Resistance by Inhibiting Pro-Apoptotic Chk2
Authors: Maiuthed Arnatchai , Ninsontia Chuanpit , Erlenbach-Wuensch Katharina , Ndreshkjana Benardina , Muenzner Julienne , Caliskan Aylin , Ahmed P. Husayn , Chaotham Chatchai , Hartmann Arndt , Vial Roehe Adriana , Mahadevan Vijayalakshmi , Chanvorachote Pithi , Schneider-Stock Regine
Published: October 2018

The oncogenic cytoplasmic p21 contributes to cancer aggressiveness and chemotherapeutic failure. However, the molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we show for the first time that cytoplasmic p21 mediates 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) resistance by shuttling p-Chk2 out of the nucleus to protect the tumor cells from its pro-apoptotic functions. We observed that cytoplasmic p21 levels were up-regulated in 5FU-resistant colorectal cancer cells in vitro and the in vivo Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Kinase array analysis revealed that p-Chk2 is a key target of cytoplasmic p21. Importantly, cytoplasmic form of p21 mediated by p21T145D transfection diminished p-Chk2-mediated activation of E2F1 and apoptosis induction. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and proximity ligation assay showed that p21 forms a complex with p-Chk2 under 5FU exposure. Using in silico computer modeling, we suggest that the p21/p-Chk2 interaction hindered the nuclear localization signal of p-Chk2, and therefore, the complex is exported out of the nucleus. These findings unravel a novel mechanism regarding an oncogenic role of p21 in regulation of resistance to 5FU-based chemotherapy. We suggest a possible value of cytoplasmic p21 as a prognosis marker and a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer patients.