bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsible production and consumption as a requirement for sustainable development
Authors: Vázquez-Burguete José Luis , Lanero-Carrizo Ana , Sahelices-Pinto César , Vázquez-García José Luis , Vázquez-García José María
Published: September 2023

This paper analyses the role of responsible consumption and production as a requirement for sustainable development as well as the advances in relation to the achievement of the SDG12 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, then determining potential limiting factors. The analysis is based on the compilation and assessment of secondary data and other documentary evidence, thus providing a useful theoretical-referential framework for future empirical studies. The results suggest that responsible production and consumption appears both a sine qua non requirement and an objective of sustainable development, SDG 12 being a referent in the 10 Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns, the UN Development Programme, and the UN Environment Programme, or in relation to the Principles of the Global Compact, among others. The documentary sources also show progress in the procurement of the SDG12, either globally or in the EU, but combining significant achievements with others that are far from being so, in a context characterised by conditions of previous level of development, available information, or drastic influence of supervening circumstances, such as Covid-19 or the war on Ukrainian territory. From all this, the need to continue making efforts in favour of SDG12 is concluded.
Concentration in the European Union commercial sector
Authors: Stojanov Michal
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of the present work is, based on a theoretical summary of the essence of concentration in the commercial sector, to carry out an assessment and comparative study of the level of concentration reached within the EU member states in the commercial activity of [G47] Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles. The paper uses the methods of descriptive, content and comparative analysis. The main results show the rising concentration and economic power of companies operating in the retail trade sector. This process has an impact on the competitive structure of the sector and its power in the economic process as the key element and the final stage in the realization of the goods and its emerging importance in the national and global economy.
Dependency between digital competence and professional competence of students
Authors: Bankova Mariyana , Taneva Tanya
Published: September 2023

The report aims to find out the existence of a dependency between the digital and specialized professional competence of students. The acquisition of certain competences is the basis of the effective exercise of a given profession. The role of information and communication technologies in the formation of the necessary abilities for effective professional career of the graduating specialists is analyzed. The primary data for the empirical study has been collected through the use of the survey method. The results show a statistically significant influence of digital competence on subjective assessments of professional competence, language competence and the contribution of university education to professionalisation. It can be concluded that directing learning in higher education to increase digital competence would have a positive effect on increasing the professional competence of future specialists.
Bewegungsartefakte und Sequenzoptimierung im MRT
Authors: Petersen Dorina
Published: September 2023

Wer mit dem MRT arbeitet, muss sich auch mit den Problemen dieser Untersuchungsmethode
beschäftigen. Dem herausragenden Vorteil des hohen Gewebekontrasts stehen
Nachteile gegenüber: Artefakte. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, die
häufigen Bewegungsartefakte und die Sequenzoptimierung zu deren Reduktion zu
erläutern. Neben Tipps und Tricks der Lagerung werden hier viele praxisnahe
Möglichkeiten erläutert.
Kantonale Unterschiede bei der Umsetzung der fürsorgerischen
Unterbringung in der Schweiz
Authors: Jäger Matthias , Hotzy Florian , Traber Rafael , Morandi Stéphane , Schneeberger Andres Ricardo , Spiess Manuela , Ruflin Regula , Theodoridou Anastasia
Published: September 2023

Ziel der Studie Untersuchung von soziodemographischen und klinischen
Charakteristika von Personen, die in fünf psychiatrischen Kliniken aus
Regionen mit unterschiedlichen Strukturmerkmalen untergebracht wurden, im
Vergleich zu Personen mit freiwilligen Hospitalisationen.

Methodik Deskriptive Auswertungen der Routinedaten von rund 57000
Fällen von 33000 Patientinnen, die von 2016 bis 2019 aufgrund einer
psychiatrischen Primärdiagnose nach ICD-10 in einer der teilnehmenden
Kliniken behandelt wurden.

Ergebnisse Unterbringungsraten, Aufenthaltsdauer, Quoten weiterer
Zwangsmassnahmen, soziodemographische und klinische Charakteristika der
betroffenen Klientel unterscheiden sich zwischen den verschiedenen Regionen.

Schlussfolgerung Es bestehen erhebliche regionale Unterschiede zwischen
Regelungen und Umsetzung der Unterbringungsverfahren und bei der betroffenen
Klientel. Kausale Zusammenhänge zwischen regionalen Spezifika und den
Ergebnissen können nicht konkludiert werden.
Recent Progress on the Zweifel Olefination: An Update
Authors: Song Qiuling , Li Xin
Published: September 2023

Over the past several decades, the Zweifel olefination has emerged as one of the most powerful and reliable tools for constructing C–C double bonds. This reaction features high efficiency, good versatility, avoids the use of transition metals, and typically affords perfect stereospecificity, making it superior to many other olefination methods. Since Aggarwal’s summary of the 50-year history of the Zweifel olefination in 2017, remarkable achievements have been made in terms of employing new organometallic species, performing reactions through electrochemical or photochemical pathways, and developing methods that furnish new types of products. This short review summarizes and discusses the very recent progress made on the Zweifel olefination and its latest applications in the synthesis of natural products.

1 Introduction

2 Zweifel Olefination with New Organometallic Species

3 Zweifel Olefination with New Migrating Groups

4 Electrochemical and Photocatalyzed Zweifel Olefinations

5 New Elimination and Migration Patterns Involving the Zweifel Olefination

6 Zweifel Olefination in Natural Product Synthesis

7 Other Reactions Involving the Zweifel Olefination Mechanism

8 Conclusions and Outlook
Amniotic Sludge and Prematurity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pannain Gabriel Duque , Pereira Ana Maria Gomes , Rocha Maria Luiza Toledo Leite Ferreira da , Lopes Reginaldo Guedes Coelho
Published: September 2023

Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of women with singleton pregnancies, after spontaneous conception, and with the diagnosis of amniotic sludge before 37 weeks of gestational age.

Data Sources We conducted a search on the PubMed, Cochrane, Bireme, and Theses databases until June 2022.

Selection of Studies Using the keywords intra-amniotic sludge or fluid sludge or echogenic particles, we found 263 articles, 132 of which were duplicates, and 70 were discarded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria.

Data Collection The articles retrieved were analyzed by 2 reviewers; 61 were selected for full-text analysis, 18 were included for a qualitative analysis, and 14, for a quantitative analysis.

Data Synthesis Among the maternal outcomes analyzed, there was an increased risk of preterm labor (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.45–2.03), premature rupture of ovular membranes (95%CI: 1.99–3.79), and clinical (95%CI: 1.41–6.19) and histological chorioamnionitis (95%CI: 1.75–3.12). Regarding the fetal outcomes, there was a significant increase in the risk of morbidity (95%CI: 1.80–3.17), mortality (95%CI: 1.14–18.57), admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU; 95%CI: 1.17–1.95), and neonatal sepsis (95%CI: 2.29–7.55).

Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the presence of amniotic sludge is a risk marker for preterm delivery. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies analyzed, even in patients with other risk factors for prematurity, such as short cervix and previous preterm delivery, the presence of amniotic sludge increases the risk of premature labor. Moreover, antibiotic therapy seems to be a treatment for amniotic sludge, and it may prolong pregnancy.
Comparison Between the Effect of the Information–Motivation–Behavioral (IMB) Model and Psychoeducational Counseling on Sexual Satisfaction and Contraception Method Used Under the Coercion of the Spouse in Iranian Women: A Randomized, Clinical Trial
Authors: Zarbaf Alieh , Ahmadi Atefeh , Rafati Elahe , Ghorbani Faezeh , Pour Masumeh Ghazanfar , Alidousti Katayoun
Published: September 2023

Objective Women play an essential role in maintaining the family's health, and family planning is part of women's and families' health. The couple's mutual understanding of family planning methods is essential in selecting contraception. Acceptance of and satisfaction with different contraception methods can impact sexual satisfaction. The present study aimed to compare the effect of the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) model and psychoeducational counseling on sexual satisfaction and contraception methods of women referring to health centers in Kerman.

Methods This trial was conducted on 81 women aged 18 to 45, in Kerman health centers, from 2021 to 2022. Participants were randomly divided into 3 groups of 27 people (control, psychoeducational counseling, and IMB method). Three online counseling sessions were held for the psychoeducational group, and four were held for the IMB group. The control group received routine care. The IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, USA) was used for data analysis using nonparametric Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Results The mean age of participants was 32.59 ± 7.04, and the majority of them had university degrees and were homemakers. The mean sexual satisfaction score significantly increased immediately after the intervention and 1 month later in the 2 interventional groups (p < 0.0). Changes in contraception methods after intervention were significant in the psychoeducational group (p = 0.0)

Conclusion The results indicate the positive impact of psychological counseling on women's sexual satisfaction and contraception method. The IMB method also impacted men's sexual satisfaction but did not lead to any changes in the contraceptive method.
Recommendations for the Screening of Breast Cancer of the Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Brazilian Society of Mastology and Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Association
Authors: Urban Linei Augusta Brolini Delle , Chala Luciano Fernandes , Paula Ivie Braga de , Bauab Selma di Pace , Schaefer Marcela Brisighelli , Oliveira Ana Lúcia Kefalás , Shimizu Carlos , Oliveira Tatiane Mendes Gonçalves de , Moraes Paula de Camargo , Miranda Beatriz Medicis Maranhão , Aduan Flávia Engel , Rego Salete de Jesus Fonseca , Canella Ellyete de Oliveira , Couto Henrique Lima , Badan Gustavo Machado , Francisco José Luis Esteves , Moraes Thaís Paiva , Jakubiak Rosangela Requi , Peixoto João Emílio
Published: September 2023

Objective To present the update of the recommendations of the Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, the Brazilian Society of Mastology and the Brazilian Federation of Associations of Gynecology and Obstetrics for breast cancer screening in Brazil.

Methods Scientific evidence published in Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CINAHL and Lilacs databases between January 2012 and July 2022 was searched. Recommendations were based on this evidence by consensus of the expert committee of the three entities.

Recommendations Annual mammography screening is recommended for women at usual risk aged 40–74 years. Above 75 years, it should be reserved for those with a life expectancy greater than seven years. Women at higher than usual risk, including those with dense breasts, with a personal history of atypical lobular hyperplasia, classic lobular carcinoma in situ, atypical ductal hyperplasia, treatment for breast cancer or chest irradiation before age 30, or even, carriers of a genetic mutation or with a strong family history, benefit from complementary screening, and should be considered individually. Tomosynthesis is a form of mammography and should be considered in screening whenever accessible and available.
A review of technical and quality assessment considerations of audio-visual and web-conferencing focus groups in qualitative health research
Authors: Bawadi Hiba , Elshami Sara , Awaisu Ahmed , Al-Jayyousi Ghadir Fakhri , Ashfaq Shuja , Mukhalalati Banan
Published: September 2023

The transition from the conventional approach to an online setting in conducting focus groups (FGs) for qualitative research is an increasingly adopted approach in health-related research. The purpose of this narrative review aims to provide an overview of the quality of FGs in health-related research that are conducted using various audio–visual (AV)-enabled and web-conferencing approaches. Online databases searched were Medline/PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Four key concepts (qualitative health-related research, online platforms, platform analysis, and quality measures) were used. A consensus group method, and a review of user guides of three of the currently used online platforms (i.e., “WebEx”, “Zoom”, and “Microsoft Teams”) were employed to develop a set of specific core quality criteria for appraising online qualitative research studies. While various synchronous and asynchronous online FG approaches were utilized in health-related research, audio–visual (AV)-enabled, and web-conferencing approaches were comparable to conventional FGs. These platforms are associated with several advantages, such as spontaneity in responses through real-time interactions among researchers and participants. The developed quality assessment tool for online FGs included criteria such as maintaining the privacy of participants and confidentiality of data collected, appraising the potential selection bias due to technological and logistical requirements, and ensuring the presence of features for recording video and audio within the software. The validated quality criteria that are used to evaluate face-to-face qualitative studies can be applicable in online contexts. However, additional criteria targeting the new features of the online platforms should be considered as well. This review helps health-related researchers and research academic institutions to select the online platform that best addresses their research and institutional needs while maintaining good quality, time-efficient, and cost-effectiveness.
Investigation of flow field characteristics and performance of carbon–hydrogen/oxygen-rich air rotating detonation engine
Authors: Rong Guangyao , Cheng Miao , Zhang Yunzhen , Sheng Zhaohua , Wang Jianping
Published: September 2023

Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the flow field characteristics and performance of a carbon–hydrogen/oxygen-rich air rotating detonation engine (RDE). Three distinct flow field structures were observed in the gas–solid two-phase RDE. The results show that reducing the hydrogen equivalence ratio and particle diameter contribute to the transition from gas-phase single-front detonation to gas–solid two-phase double-front detonation and further to gas–solid two-phase single-front detonation. The effects of the solid fuel particle diameter and hydrogen equivalence ratio on the flow field characteristics and performance are revealed. The results show that reducing the particle diameter enhances the speed of the two-phase detonation wave, improves the pressure gain in the combustion chamber, and increases the specific impulse. Decreasing the hydrogen equivalence ratio reduces the detonation wave speed, enhances the stability of the detonation flow field, increases the pressure gain in the detonation wave and combustion chamber, and boosts the thrust. Furthermore, the selection of operational conditions to ensure stable operation and optimal performance of the RDE is discussed. In order to take into account the requirements of stability, pressure gain performance, and propulsion performance, two-phase single-front detonation should be realized in gas–solid two-phase RDE, and smaller hydrogen equivalent ratio and appropriate particle diameter should be selected. According to the conclusion of this study, the particle diameter should be 0.5–1 μm. Under such conditions, the detonation flow field demonstrates good stability, allowing the RDE to achieve higher pressure gain and specific impulse while maintaining stable operation.
A hybrid CPU/GPU method for Hartree–Fock self-consistent-field calculation
Authors: Qi Ji , Zhang Yingfeng , Yang Minghui
Published: September 2023

The calculation of two-electron repulsion integrals (ERIs) is a crucial aspect of Hartree–Fock calculations. In computing the ERIs of varying angular momentum, both the central processing unit (CPU) and the graphics processing unit (GPU) have their respective advantages. To accelerate the ERI evaluation and Fock matrix generation, a hybrid CPU/GPU method has been proposed to maximize the computational power of both CPU and GPU while overlapping the CPU and GPU computations. This method employs a task queue where each task corresponds to ERIs with the same angular momentum. The queue begins with ERIs of low angular momentum, which are computationally efficient on GPUs, and ends with ERIs of high angular momentum, which are better suited for CPU computation. CPUs and GPUs dynamically grab and complete tasks from the start and end of the queue using OpenMP dynamic scheduling until all tasks are finished. The hybrid CPU/GPU computation offers the advantage of enabling calculations with arbitrary angular momentum. Test calculations showed that the hybrid CPU/GPU algorithm is more efficient than “GPU-only” when using a single GPU. However, as more GPUs are involved, the advantage diminishes or disappears. The scaling exponents of the hybrid method were slightly higher than “GPU-only,” but the pre-exponent factor was significantly lower, making the hybrid method more effective overall.
Plasmonic skyrmions with bound states in the continuum
Authors: Liao Zhen , Huang Chenhao , Liu Leilei , Xu Kai-Da , Luo Siyuan , Pan Baicao , Li Jiusheng , Luo Guo Qing
Published: September 2023

Plasmonic skyrmions are a subject of significant interest due to their potential applications in optics, photonics, and electromagnetic wave technology. These skyrmions are created by the interference of surface plasmon polaritons or spoof localized surface plasmons (SLSP), offering new possibilities for controlling light–matter interactions and structuring light. In this study, we have demonstrated the generation of both electric and magnetic skyrmions simultaneously using a rotational symmetric SLSP spiral meta-structure lattice, operating across a broad range from microwave to terahertz frequencies. By implementing them into a resonance configuration of the quasi-bound state in the continuum through symmetry breaking, we enhance the Q factor and fields, resulting in highly sensitive sensing performance. The SLSP metasurface enables tunable plasmonic skyrmions controlled by the incident polarization. Our findings have potential applications in highly sensitive sensing, filtering, modulation, and communication.
Controlled ferroelectric switching in ultrawide bandgap AlN/ScAlN multilayers
Authors: Wang Ding , Wang Ping , Mondal Shubham , Liu Jiangnan , Hu Mingtao , He Minming , Nam Suhyun , Peng Wenhao , Yang Samuel , Wang Danhao , Xiao Yixin , Wu Yuanpeng , Mortazawi Amir , Mi Zetian
Published: September 2023

Ultrawide bandgap ferroelectric nitride semiconductors have shown promising applications in electronic, micromechanical, and optical devices. Current studies, however, have largely been focused on single layer ferroelectric nitrides. Controlled polarization switching in artificial multilayer composite structures, such as ferroelectric/piezoelectric or ferroelectric/dielectric heterostructures, provides additional dimension for engineering their properties and improving device performance and functionality. Here, we demonstrate controlled ferroelectric switching in an AlN/ScAlN/AlN trilayer structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The trilayer showed large switchable polarization with reasonable endurance and retention performance. Polarity-sensitive wet etching further confirmed the controlled switching in the clamped ScAlN layer. The ability to control the polarity switching in ScAlN/AlN multilayers offers an intriguing avenue for the design and development of next-generation electronic, piezoelectronic, and ferroelectric devices.
Rapid-prototyping of microscopic thermal landscapes in Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy
Authors: Schweizer Matthias R. , Kühn Franziska , Koster Malte , von Freymann Georg , Hillebrands Burkard , Serga Alexander A.
Published: September 2023

Since temperature and its spatial, and temporal variations affect a wide range of physical properties of material systems, they can be used to create reconfigurable spatial structures of various types in physical and biological objects. This paper presents an experimental optical setup for creating tunable two-dimensional temperature patterns on a micrometer scale. As an example of its practical application, we have produced temperature-induced magnetization landscapes in ferrimagnetic yttrium iron garnet films and investigated them using micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy. It is shown that, due to the temperature dependence of the magnon spectrum, spatial temperature distributions can be visualized even for microscale thermal patterns.
Ab initio anharmonic analysis of complex vibrational spectra of phenylacetylene and fluorophenylacetylenes in the acetylenic and aromatic C–H stretching region
Authors: Singh Sumitra , Huang Qian-Rui , Tan Jake A. , Kuo Jer-Lai , Patwari G. Naresh
Published: September 2023

Vibrational spectra in the acetylenic and aromatic C–H stretching regions of phenylacetylene and fluorophenylacetylenes, viz., 2-fluorophenylacetylene, 3-fluorophenylacetylene, and 4-fluorophenylacetylene, were measured using the IR-UV double resonance spectroscopic method. The spectra, in both acetylenic and aromatic C–H stretching regions, were complex exhibiting multiple bands. Ab-initio anharmonic calculations with quartic potential using B97D3/6-311++G(d,p) and vibrational configuration interaction were able to capture all important spectral features in both the regions of the experimentally observed spectra for all four molecules considered in the present work. Interestingly, for phenylacetylene, the spectrum in the acetylenic C–H stretching region emerges due to anharmonic coupling of modes localized on the acetylenic moiety along with the other ring modes, which also involve displacements on the acetylenic group, which is in contrast to what has been proposed and propagated in the literature. In general, this coupling scheme is invariant to the fluorine atom substitution. For the aromatic C–H stretching region, the observed spectrum emerges due to the coupling of the C–H stretching with C–C stretching and C–H in-plane bending modes.
Cosine function variable step-size transform domain least mean square algorithm based on matrix rotation
Authors: Ning Xiaoling , Zhang Keyi , Zhu Lei
Published: September 2023

A novel cosine function variable step-size transform domain least mean square (LMS) algorithm based on matrix rotation (COS-ROTDCT-LMS-DFE) was put forward. Based on the discrete cosine transform domain LMS (DCT-LMS) algorithm, it was first processed by matrix rotation in an anticlockwise direction to resolve the problem of self-interference between signals, which effectively sped up the convergence of the algorithm. Subsequently, a cosine function variable step-size algorithm was developed considering that its curve was characterized by a smooth top and fast rising and falling speed so as to further improve the convergence speed of the algorithm. Subsequently, the decision feedback equalizer (DFE) was introduced into the algorithm to compensate signal distortion and noise. The convergence performance of the algorithm was simulated in typical multipath underwater acoustic channels. The simulation results showed that the convergence performance of the new algorithm was equivalent to that of recursive least squares (RLS). The convergence speed of COS-ROTDCT-LMS-DFE was even better than that of the recursive least square decision feedback equalizer (RLS-DFE) algorithm. The new algorithm performed well in terms of both convergence speed and steady-state error and could be easily implemented.
Nucleation control of high crystal quality heteroepitaxial Sc0.4Al0.6N grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Hardy Matthew T. , Lang Andrew C. , Jin Eric N. , Nepal Neeraj , Downey Brian P. , Gokhale Vikrant J. , Scott Katzer D. , Wheeler Virginia D.
Published: September 2023

High ScN fraction ScxAl1−xN has promise in important application areas including wide bandwidth RF resonators and filters, and ferroelectric devices such as non-volatile memory, but demands high crystal quality. In this work, the role of the nucleation layer (NL), ScxAl1−xN growth temperature, and strain management to preserve the wurtzite crystal structure are investigated to maximize both acoustoelectric and ferroelectric material properties for high ScN fraction ScxAl1−xN grown on SiC substrates. A 5 nm AlN nucleation layer reduces the x-ray diffraction 0002 reflection full width at half maximum (FWHM) for a Sc0.32Al0.68N film by almost a factor of 2, and reducing the growth temperature to 430 °C enables a Sc0.40Al0.60N film with a FWHM of 4100 arcsec (1.1°) while being only 150 nm thick. Grading the initial ScxAl1−xN layer from x = 0.32 to 0.40 suppresses the formation of rock-salt grain nucleation at the Sc0.40Al0.60N lower interface and reduces the anomalously oriented grain density by an order of magnitude. Increasing the total ScxAl1−xN growth thickness to 500 nm produces an average x = 0.39 ScxAl1−xN layer with a FWHM of 3190 arcsec (0.89°) and an anomalously oriented grain areal fill factor of 1.0%. These methods enable the lowest heteroepitaxial ScxAl1−xN FWHM reported for x ∼ 0.4, with layer thicknesses and defect densities appropriate for high frequency (>10 GHz) filter applications.
Highly multimode solitons in step-index optical fiber
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Bender Nicholas , Christodoulides Demetrios N. , Wise Frank W.
Published: September 2023

We report the generation of multimode solitons in step-index fibers. The solitons are superpositions of 5–10 temporally aligned transverse modes, they exhibit speckled beam profiles, and the spatio-spectral variation across the soliton can be complex. A greater understanding of multimode solitons should create a foundation for further research into complex multimode nonlinear phenomena in step-index fibers. With energies of tens of nanojoules and durations around 100 fs, the multimode solitons are speckled fields with peak powers that can exceed 300 kW, parameters that may be valuable in applications.
Molecular phylogeny of the land snail family Euconulidae in Thailand and its position in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea (Stylommatophora: Limacoidei), with description of a new genus
Authors: Pholyotha Arthit , Panha Somsak , Sutcharit Chirasak , Jirapatrasilp Parin , Seesamut Teerapong , Liew Thor-Seng , Tongkerd Piyoros
Published: September 2023

The Euconulidae is a globally distributed land snail family but there is no record of this family from Thailand. In this study, we describe a new genus, Siamoconus gen. nov., based on comparative studies of the shell characteristics, external morphology of animals, radula, genital and spermatophore structures, and molecular phylogeny. We performed phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial gene fragment (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI; and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (28S rRNA) gene fragment to clarify the relationships with other euconulid genera and its position in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea. We also analysed shell morphometrics, male genitalia and mantle pigmentation of Siamoconus gen. nov., confirming the status of three new species with keeled shells (S. boreas sp. nov., S. coleus sp. nov. and S. geotrochoides sp. nov.) and one new species with a rounded shell (S. destitutus sp. nov.). These new species are restricted to limestone areas in northern and north-eastern Thailand. We also re-examined the status of other genera in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea based on shell features, body pigmentation, radula, genital anatomy, spermatophore morphology, and a phylogenetic analysis of all available trochomorphoidean DNA sequences. Our analysis suggests that the family Geotrochidae, previously synonymised with the Trochomorphidae, should be resurrected to represent the genus Geotrochus from Borneo, and this family is retrieved as the sister clade of the Dyakiidae. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C5205F4E-5DDE-42E6-A532-761CAFE099C3
Comparing address practices in the Finnish and Hungarian “Got Talent” TV
programmes
Authors: Lappalainen Hanna , Vecsernyés Ildikó
Published: September 2023

This chapter compares address practices in “Got Talent”
TV programmes, in which contestants present their talents in front of a
jury. We aim to show how the judges address contestants and how these
practices differ in episodes of Finnish and Hungarian “Got Talent”. Our
study shows that T forms are favoured in both languages. Overall, the
repertoire of addressing is wider in the Hungarian dataset, in which both
T/V opposition and nominal forms are used to express increasing familiarity
between participants. On Finnish “Got Talent”, variation only emerges in the
frequency of personal pronouns and first names, used to make successful
contestants visible. Although television is a special context, address
practices on the “Got Talent” shows can reflect ongoing changes more
generally in address practices vis-à-vis informality.
Practices of person reference in Chinese and German interactions
Authors: Günthner Susanne
Published: September 2023

Referring to persons in interaction is a central human
practice (Enfield 2007: 97), which
is located at an intersection where cultural, linguistic, and interactional
conventions meet (Levinson
2005: 433). In this paper, I will analyse practices of “third person
reference forms” used by participants in Chinese and German SMS-, WeChat-
and WhatsApp-interactions. Both Chinese and German speakers make use of a
range of different types of third person reference forms to laterally
address their co-participants. I will argue that third person reference
forms do more than simply refer to one’s co-participant: Speakers employ
these practices as a “social index” (Silverstein 1976: 37) to contextualise various social meanings
which would be hidden in cases of “referring
simpliciter
” (Schegloff 1996). In addition to finding parallels in
the use of third person reference forms in our Chinese and German data, I
also detect differences in the employment of forms of addressing one’s
co-participants.
Don’t moan, it won’t make you feel better, granny! – Addressing older patients
Authors: Džanko Minka
Published: September 2023

The focus of research in this comparative study lies on
nominal address practices between doctors and older patients in German and
Bosnian medical encounters. In this study we consider and compare the forms
of address as well as identify their pragmatic differences by contrasting
the Bosnian and German data. My research draws on interactional data
consisting of 15 recorded conversations between Bosnian and German doctors
and their elderly patients (65 and older). The data were examined and
compared by using Conversation Analysis and Ethnographic Discourse Analysis.
Our overall analysis shows a variety of differences between the data sets.
The German data are marked by the exclusive use of the formal V form and the
nominal form “Mrs./Mr. + surname” to address male and female patients. The
Bosnian data are characterised by an overall high use of the kinship term
“granny” to address the elderly female patients, as well as by a frequent
use of the first name. Certain address practices of the doctors go beyond
expressing politeness and/or friendliness, by contributing to face
threatening actions such as criticism of the patients. The frequency and
variety of such pragmatic routines differ and relate to socio-cultural norms
of the institutional encounters in Bosnian and German society.
A comparative study of nominal forms of address in metropolitan French
and British English service encounters
Authors: Gagne Christophe
Published: September 2023

This chapter investigates nominal forms of address in
metropolitan French and British English service encounters. The study
considers the different pragmatic functions they play in interaction,
examining their relational and organisational properties, combining a
politeness theoretic framework and a conversation analytic one. Nominal
forms of address play an important part in the management of the
interpersonal relationship between customer and shopkeeper. As
attention-getting devices, they can be used to delineate different phases of
the interaction. Although they frequently have the same function in both
linguacultures, they index different positions within the social order.
And the postcode darlin’. Vocative variation in service
encounters on the telephone in Northern England
Authors: Baumgarten Nicole
Published: September 2023

The chapter presents the results of an investigation of
vocative use in telephone service encounters in the British housing market.
The investigation is based on 300+ “mystery shopping” telephone calls placed
with real estate agents servicing four socio-economically different areas of a
city in northern England. The results show how the contrastiveness inherent in the address system is put to use in context-specific decisions about relationship and transaction management in telephone service encounters: Vocative use is nonreciprocal and restricted to estate agents. The
frequency of vocative use as well as choice of vocative type by estate
agents (first name, last name, honorific, endearment) is socio-economically
stratified and sensitive to socio-ethnic group membership projected through
callers’ accent and name. Variation in vocative type within individual calls
allows the agent to explicate an asymmetrical role relationship for the
purpose of transaction control.
Nominal address and introductions in three national varieties of
German
Authors: Schüpbach Doris , Hajek John , Kretzenbacher Heinz L. , Norrby Catrin
Published: September 2023

Using a large-scale survey, we explore reported nominal
address and introduction routines in first encounters at international
academic conferences. Our focus is on variation in such routines among
respondents originating in Germany, Austria and Switzerland in their first
language (L1) German and in English (L2 English, their second or further
language). In L1 German, introduction by first name and last name tends to
be the unmarked choice, with some national variation present. Similar
national variation exists in L2 English, albeit to a lesser extent, showing
some pragmatic transfer from the respondents’ L1 German variety to L2
English. In comparison to the results for L1 speakers of three national
varieties of English, the German L1 speakers’ emulated behaviour diverges
from their L1 behaviour without necessarily reflecting English L1 behaviour
in most cases.
The Orf9b protein of SARS-CoV-2 modulates mitochondrial protein biogenesis
Authors: Lenhard Svenja , Gerlich Sarah , Khan Azkia , Rödl Saskia , Bökenkamp Jan-Eric , Peker Esra , Zarges Christine , Faust Janina , Storchova Zuzana , Räschle Markus , Riemer Jan , Herrmann Johannes M.
Published: September 2023

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) expresses high amounts of the protein Orf9b to target the mitochondrial outer membrane protein Tom70. Tom70 serves as an import receptor for mitochondrial precursors and, independently of this function, is critical for the cellular antiviral response. Previous studies suggested that Orf9b interferes with Tom70-mediated antiviral signaling, but its implication for mitochondrial biogenesis is unknown. In this study, we expressed Orf9b in human HEK293 cells and observed an Orf9b-mediated depletion of mitochondrial proteins, particularly in respiring cells. To exclude that the observed depletion was caused by the antiviral response, we generated a yeast system in which the function of human Tom70 could be recapitulated. Upon expression of Orf9b in these cells, we again observed a specific decline of a subset of mitochondrial proteins and a general reduction of mitochondrial volume. Thus, the SARS-CoV-2 virus is able to modulate the mitochondrial proteome by a direct effect of Orf9b on mitochondrial Tom70-dependent protein import.
Shape optimization of superconducting transmon qubits for low surface dielectric loss
Authors: Eun Sungjun , Park Seong Hyeon , Seo Kyungsik , Choi Kibum , Hahn Seungyong
Published: September 2023

Surface dielectric loss from superconducting transmon qubits is believed to be one of the dominant sources of decoherence. Reducing surface dielectric loss is crucial for achieving a high quality factor and a long relaxation time (T
1), which can be engineered by carefully changing the geometry of a transmon. In this paper, we present a shape-optimization approach to reduce surface dielectric loss in a transmon qubit. The capacitor pads and junction wires of transmons are shaped as spline curves and optimized through the finite-element method and a global optimization algorithm. We find that the participation ratio of capacitor pads and junction wires can be reduced by

15
%
−
18

% and

22
%
−
26

% compared to previous designs, while the overall footprint and anharmonicity are maintained at acceptable values. As a result, the two-level system-limited quality factor and the corresponding T
1 were increased by 21.6%.
Investigation on floating-gate field-effect transistor for logic-in-memory application
Authors: Kim Sueyeon , Cho Sangki , Choi Insoo , Kang Myounggon , Baik Seungjae , Jeon Jongwook
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we present analysis results on the applicability of a previously introduced memory device, floating-gate field-effect transistor (FGFET), to a logic-in-memory (LiM) system for the first time. Device optimization and compact modeling were performed using a well-calibrated technology computer-aided design model and the results of applying LiM circuits were arranged. Device optimization in the 32 nm technology node was conducted by assessing the device performance in terms of memory window, retention time, and write speed. After device optimization, the operational characteristics were analyzed by applying the proposed compact model to a full adder (FA) circuit and a ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) circuit with LiM characteristics. Compared to FA and TCAM circuits composed of conventional FETs, the FGFET-based circuits demonstrated superior performance in terms of area and operating characteristics, implying that they offer significant potential for applications in silicon-based LiM technology.
Unusual critical behavior of Griffiths ferromagnet Ho2NiMnO6 at magnetic phase transition
Authors: Chakraborty Tirthankar , Elizabeth Suja
Published: September 2023

The critical behavior at the ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition of a Griffiths ferromagnet, Ho2NiMnO6, is studied using modified Arrott plot, Kouvel–Fisher, and critical isotherm analysis. Here, we report a second-order phase transition and conclude from the estimated critical exponents that it is unusual and do not belong to conventional universality classes. However, they obey scaling relationships, which indicates the renormalization of interactions around the phase transition temperature. The presence of Griffiths phase in the system accounts for the unusual critical exponents observed.
Design of soft-magnetic shield in electromagnetic tomography
Authors: Liang Xiao , Wang Chao , Ye Jiamin , Luan Xinyu , Wang Ruichang
Published: September 2023

In the electromagnetic tomography system, the soft-magnetic shield is employed to avoid external interference at low frequency. However, the influence of the soft-magnetic shield on the measurement lacks theoretical exploration, and the design of the soft-magnetic shield is arbitrary. To solve this problem, the effect of different thicknesses and locations of the soft-magnetic shield on the measurement is compared by numerical simulation. It is observed that the soft-magnetic shield not only enhances the boundary measurement data and sensitivity but also improves the quality and stability of the reconstructed images. The smaller the distance between the soft-magnetic shield and the pipe, or the bigger the thickness of the soft-magnetic shield, the better the improvement. The physical mechanism of the above results is explicated by the equivalent magnetic circuit analysis method. Based on the above investigation, the optimal structure of the soft-magnetic shield is designed, and it is verified by experiments.
Improved sub-milimeter range-verification method for proton therapy using a composite hadron tumour marker (HTM)
Authors: Kasanda E , Burbadge C , Bildstein V , Bélanger-Champagne C , Behnamian H , Höhr C , Mücher D
Published: September 2023

Objective. The results of a follow-up experiment investigating a novel method for sub-milimetre range verification (RV) in proton therapy (PT) are presented. Approach. The method consists of implanting a hadron tumour marker (HTM) near the planned treatment volume, and measuring the γ-ray signals emitted as a result of activation by the proton beam. These signals are highly correlated with the energy of the beam impinging on the HTM and can provide an absolute measurement of the range of the beam relative to the position of the HTM, which is independent of any uncertainties in beam delivery. Main results. Three candidate HTM materials were identified and combined into a single composite HTM, which makes use of the strongest reaction in each material. The setup of the previous experiment was improved on by using high-purity germanium detectors to measure the γ-ray signal with a higher resolution than was previously achieved. A PMMA phantom was also used to simulate the γ-ray background from tissue activation. HTM RV using the data collected in this study yielded range measurements whose average deviation from the expected value was 0.13(22)mm. Significance. Range uncertainty in PT limits the prescribed treatment plan for cancer patients with large safety margins and constrains the direction of the proton beam in relation to any organ at risk. The sub-milimetre range uncertainty achieved in this study using HTM RV, if implemented clinically, would allow for a reduction in the size of safety margins, increasing the therapeutic window for PT.
BELFEM: a special purpose finite element code for the magnetodynamic modeling of high-temperature superconducting tapes
Authors: Messe Christian , Riva Nicolò , Viarengo Sofia , Giard Gregory , Sirois Frédéric
Published: September 2023

Predicting the performance and reliability of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables and magnets is a critical component of their research and development process. Novel mixed finite element formulations, particularly the
h
-φ-formulation with thin-shell simplification, present promising opportunities for more efficient simulations of larger geometries. To make these new methods accessible in a flexible tool, we are developing the Berkeley Lab Finite Element Framework (BELFEM). This paper provides an overview of the relevant formulations, discusses the current state of the art, and discusses the main aspects of the BELFEM code structure. We validate a first 2D thin-shell implementation in BELFEM against selected benchmarks computed in COMSOL Multiphysics and compare the performance of our code with a comparable formulation in GetDP. We also outline the next steps in the development process, paving the way for more advanced and robust modeling capabilities.
Studying the STA effects on aluminium alloy joints by friction welding
Authors: Bakkiyaraj M , Ananth J , Sivamaran V , Nagarajan P K
Published: September 2023

This article examines the properties of joints fabricated by friction welding (FW) using AA6061-T6 and AA7075 as examples of both similar and dissimilar metals. It also looks at how heat treatment after welding affects the metallurgical characteristics of the joint. The heat treatment method under investigation combines solutionizing heat treatment with synthetic ageing (STA). The tensile characteristics, microhardness, and microstructure of the as-welded and STA-treated welded specimens are assessed in the paper using mechanical testing equipment and metallurgical characterization methods. The findings demonstrate that the joint characteristics are enhanced by precipitate nucleation occurring in the joint interface of the FW similar and dissimilar joint under STA treatment. On the other hand, the STA influence on the tensile strength (TS) of joints made with AA7075 was greater than that of similar joints made with AA6061-T6, as well as dissimilar joints made with both AA6061-T6 and AA7075. Additionally, after STA treatment, the similar joints showed a uniform distribution of hardness. However, in the dissimilar joint after STA treatment, the hardness dropped suddenly on the AA6061-T6 side, specifically from the partially deformed zone (PDZ) towards the heat affected zone (HAZ).
Classification of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder based on EEG signals using a EEG-Transformer model
∗
Authors: He Yuchao , Wang Xin , Yang Zijian , Xue Lingbin , Chen Yuming , Ji Junyu , Wan Feng , Mukhopadhyay Subhas Chandra , Men Lina , Tong Michael Chi Fai , Li Guanglin , Chen Shixiong
Published: September 2023

Objective. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in adolescents that can seriously impair a person’s attention function, cognitive processes, and learning ability. Currently, clinicians primarily diagnose patients based on the subjective assessments of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5, which can lead to delayed diagnosis of ADHD and even misdiagnosis due to low diagnostic efficiency and lack of well-trained diagnostic experts. Deep learning of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals recorded from ADHD patients could provide an objective and accurate method to assist physicians in clinical diagnosis. Approach. This paper proposes the EEG-Transformer deep learning model, which is based on the attention mechanism in the traditional Transformer model, and can perform feature extraction and signal classification processing for the characteristics of EEG signals. A comprehensive comparison was made between the proposed transformer model and three existing convolutional neural network models. Main results. The results showed that the proposed EEG-Transformer model achieved an average accuracy of 95.85% and an average AUC value of 0.9926 with the fastest convergence speed, outperforming the other three models. The function and relationship of each module of the model are studied by ablation experiments. The model with optimal performance was identified by the optimization experiment. Significance. The EEG-Transformer model proposed in this paper can be used as an auxiliary tool for clinical diagnosis of ADHD, and at the same time provides a basic model for transferable learning in the field of EEG signal classification.