bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation for Writing From a Biomechanical and Ergonomic Point of View
Authors: Rot Vrhovec Alenka
Published: August 2024

Writing is a complex activity. If a child’s preparation for writing, which begins to develop in the preschool years, is poor, this can inhibit writing and cause problems. Because children are expected to know how to hold a pencil correctly, how to sit correctly while writing, and how to prepare and adjust the writing surface without planning, this study seeks to determine how first graders are prepared for writing in terms of selected biomechanical and ergonomic factors at the beginning of the school year. The goal was to determine whether there are any differences between students according to sex and handedness and if there is any connection between basic pre-writing skills and the ergonomic suitability of furniture (table and chair size). An empirical study was conducted involving 246 first graders from randomly selected public primary schools in Ljubljana, Slovenia, and fifteen of their female teachers. The results of the research showed that inadequate furniture size affects how students sit and that there are statistically significant differences between the positions of the writing surface for right-handers and left-handers. The research did not show a correlation between posture and pencil grip, but it is very likely that it would have been demonstrated in a larger sample. No sex differences were found between pencil grip, writing surface position, and posture; no connection between handedness, pencil grip, and posture; no connection between pencil grip, poor posture, and writing surface position; and no connection between posture and ergonomically appropriate school desks and chairs.
High-order Mode of Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons based on a Novel Compact Structure and its Application in Band-pass Filters
Authors: Yang Siyu , Liu Shuang , Zhu Huali , He Fachun , Lei Dan , Yan Jun , Gao Chan
Published: August 2024

In this paper, two band-pass filters based on the high-order mode of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) are introduced. A novel compact bow-folded strip is proposed as a cell, which exhibits perfect band-pass characteristics. By adjusting the width and groove of the bow-folded strips, high-order mode can be obtained to support the design of band-pass filters. Compared to the conventional single-side rectangular groove SSPPs cell, our proposed bow-folded strip structure cells reduce the electrical size by 59% and 70% at the same cut-off frequency. In addition, the transmission lines of the two proposed band-pass filters are microstrip lines and their over-conversion structures are simple trapezoidal over. A single-band and a dual-band band-pass filters using the proposed SSPPs cell are fabricated and measured, both having almost the same size. The measured results are in good agreement with simulated results, which verify the feasibility of our design.
Performance Analysis of Eight-element MIMO Mobile Phone Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications
Authors: Rajendran Dhananjeyan , Subramaniam Ramesh , Dhandapani Rajesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

This paper presents an 8-port MIMO antenna array for use with 5G handsets. The proposed MIMO antenna array comprises eight U-shaped, coupled-fed slot antenna components placed symmetrically on a 0.8 mm thick FR4 substrate. Each antenna has 200 MHz bandwidth and covers 3.4-3.6 GHz. The operational frequency range includes LTE band 48 for 5G cellular applications. Using spatial and polarisation diversity, antenna components are isolated by over 15 dB. The prototype antenna is fabricated and measured, and the experimental results agree with the simulated results. The estimated Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), less than 0.035 based on radiation characteristics, shows that the suggested MIMO antenna array performs well in diversity. These characteristics indicate that the proposed MIMO antenna is a viable solution for 5G smartphone applications.
Metamaterial-filled Quarter Circular Microstrip Antenna in the Subwavelength Scale for 3.5 GHz Band Communications
Authors: Lu Hao , Xu Xiaofei , Wei Hu
Published: August 2024

A metamaterial-filled quarter circular microstrip antenna (meta-QCMSA) is proposed for 5G communications in the 3.5 GHz band. Compared with traditional CMSAs, the new meta-QCMSA is superior in its small patch in the subwavelength scale realized by collaboratively using metamaterial and field symmetry techniques. This combination method is observed to be more powerful than a single method solely used. One practical meta-QCMSA is designed and experimentally demonstrated near 3.5 GHz. Its patch length is 0.1λ0, much smaller than the traditional CMSA. In addition, the compact meta-QCMSA is observed to have a considerable bandwidth of 3.8% and antenna gain of 3.9 dBi in experiments.
Design of Wideband 8×8 Butler Matrix using Composite Right/Left-handed Transmission Line for Multi-mode OAM Generation
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ye Haoran , Zhang Jialin , Zhang Xurui , Lü Shanwei
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a wideband Butler matrix for the uniform circular array antenna (UCA) generating multi-mode orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex wave is designed. Firstly, the novel network topology of a Butler matrix is proposed. For the purpose of design and optimization convenience, the 8×8 Butler matrix is separated into two different sub 4×4 Butler matrix modules and one connection-output module. Then several wideband microwave components used in a Butler matrix, such as 3 dB directional coupler and stable phase shifter with composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line, are designed. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the design process, a Butler matrix working in 5-7 GHz is designed and fabricated. It is found that the simulation results are in good agreement with the measured data. The constant amplitude distribution and progressive phase differences of ±45∘, ±90∘ between the output ports are observed, hence the ±1, ±2 mode OAM waves can be generated by the proposed Butler matrix.
Knowledge, attitude, prevention practice and lived experience towards cutaneous leishmaniasis and associated factors among residents of Kutaber district, Northeast Ethiopia, 2022: A mixed method study
Authors: Geto Abebe Kassa , Malede Asmamaw , Lingerew Mistir , Bitew Abie Alebachew , Berihun Gete , Ademas Ayechew , Berhanu Leykun , Kassaw Genanew Mulugeta , Wogayehu Belachew Tekleyohannes , Adane Metadel
Published: August 2024

Background

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic infection in Ethiopia. Few studies have been conducted on knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practice related to cutaneous leishmaniasis, and the existing studies have been mainly without qualitative support. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, prevention practice and lived experience towards cutaneous leishmaniasis and associated factors among residents of the Kutaber district, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods

A convergent parallel mixed method was conducted among 636 residents (for quantitative) and 20 in-depth interview participants (for qualitative) of the Kutaber district from July 1 to August 15, 2022. Quantitative data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for cleaning and analysis. ATLAS.ti software version 8.0 was used for the analysis of qualitative data.

Results

The survey respondents in Kutaber district showed good knowledge (47.5%), a positive attitude towards (54.1%) and a good prevention practice (35.3%) regarding cutaneous leishmaniasis. Residents who were unable to read and write [AOR = 0.15] had lower odds to have good knowledge about cutaneous leishmaniasis. Residents aged >54.5 years [AOR = 0.33] had lower odds to have a positive attitude towards cutaneous leishmaniasis. Males [AOR = 1.76] had a good prevention practice towards cutaneous leishmaniasis. Five main study themes were formed following the qualitative analysis of the data.

Conclusion

Residents of Kutaber district have a poor overall knowledge and prevention practice towards cutaneous leishmaniasis, despite having a positive attitude. The educational status of residents and years of residence were factors significantly associated with knowledge about cutaneous leishmaniasis. Age and years of residence were factors significantly associated with attitude towards cutaneous leishmaniasis. Gender, age, and household wealth were factors significantly associated with prevention practice towards cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kutaber is a true health problem.
A systematic review of exergame usability as home-based balance training tool for older adults usability of exergames as home-based balance training
Authors: Medeiros Candice Simões Pimenta de , Farias Luanna Bárbara Araújo , Santana Maria Clara do Lago , Pacheco Thaiana Barbosa Ferreira , Dantas Rummenigge Rudson , Cavalcanti Fabrícia Azevedo da Costa
Published: August 2024

Background

Exergames are a fun, viable, attractive, and safe way to engage in physical exercise for most patient populations, including older adults. Their use in the home environment enables an expanded understanding about its applicability and its impact on clinical outcomes that can contribute to improved functionality and quality of life in this population. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence on the usability of exergames as a tool for home-based balance training in older adults.

Methods

The search was realized in 6 electronic databases and were included 1) randomized controlled trials with exergames home-based training as intervention, 2) studies involving older adults (aged 60 years or older) described as having impaired static or dynamic balance, 3) that compared the effects of exergames to usual care, health education or no intervention, and 4) reported usability and balance outcomes. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials version 2 and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation were used to evaluate the methodological quality of studies and levels of evidence for outcomes.

Results

After screening 1107 records, we identified 4 trials were included. The usability score of exergames was classified as an acceptable, good, and feasible tool. The pooled effect indicated improvements in favor of the exergame group for functional balance by TUG test (MD = -5.90; 95%CI = -10.29 to -1.51) with low-certainty evidence and Tinetti scale (MD = 4.80; 95%CI = 3.36 to 6.24) with very low-certainty evidence. Analyzing the different immersion level, it was observed a significant difference in the experimental group for the immersive exergames (MD = -9.14; 95%CI = -15.51 to -2.77) with very low-certainty evidence.

Conclusion

Exergames applied at home showed good usability and had significant effects on functional balance compared to usual care or no intervention, especially in the immersive modality.

Trial registration

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022343290.
Investigation of dermal collagen nanostructures in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) patients
Authors: Neshatian Mehrnoosh , Mittal Nimish , Huang Sophia , Ali Aiman , Khattignavong Emilie , Bozec Laurent
Published: August 2024

Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) represent a group of rare genetic disorders affecting connective tissues. Globally, approximately 1.5 million individuals suffer from EDS, with 10,000 reported cases in Canada alone. Understanding the histological properties of collagen in EDS has been challenging, but advanced techniques like atomic force microscopy (AFM) have opened up new possibilities for label-free skin imaging. This approach, which explores Type I collagen fibrils at the nanoscale, could potentially enhance EDS diagnosis and our knowledge of collagen type I-related connective tissue disorders. In the current study, we have employed AFM to examine ex-vivo skin biopsies from four individuals: one with classical EDS (cEDS), one with hypermobile EDS (hEDS), one with hEDS and Scleroderma (hEDS-Scleroderma), and one healthy control. Picrosirius red (PS) staining was used to highlight collagen differences in the samples. For each case, 14 images and 1400 force curves were obtained, with seven images and 700 force curves representing healthy collagen (PS-induced red staining) and the rest showcasing disrupted collagen (yellow staining). The results showed that PS staining was uniform throughout the control section, while cEDS and hEDS displayed localized areas of yellow staining. In the case of hEDS-Scleroderma, the yellow staining was widespread throughout the section. AFM images revealed irregular collagen fibrils in the disrupted, yellow-stained areas, contrasting with aligned and well-registered collagen fibrils in healthy, red-stained regions. Additionally, the study assessed the ability of non-AFM specialists to differentiate between healthy and disrupted collagen in AFM images, yielding substantial agreement among raters according to Fleiss’s and Cohen’s kappa scores (0.96 and 0.79±0.1, respectively). Biomechanical analysis revealed that normal healthy collagen exhibited a predominant population at 2.5 GPa. In contrast, EDS-affected collagen displayed subpopulations with lower compressive elastic modulus, indicating weaker collagen fibrils in EDS patients. Although these findings pertain to a limited number of cases, they offer valuable insights into the nanoscale collagen structure and biomechanics in individuals with EDS. Over time, these insights could be developed into specific biomarkers for the condition, improving diagnosis and treatment for EDS and related connective tissue disorders.
Assessing pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti from Cordoba Colombia: Implications of kdr mutations
Authors: Atencia–Pineda María Claudia , Diaz-Ortiz Diana , Pareja–Loaiza Paula , García–Leal Javier , Hoyos–López Richard , Calderón–Rangel Alfonso , Fragozo-Castilla Pedro , Pacheco-Lugo Lisandro , Flores Adriana E. , Maestre–Serrano Ronald
Published: August 2024

Resistance to insecticides is one of the great challenges that vector control programs must face. The constant use of pyrethroid-type insecticides worldwide has caused selection pressure in populations of the Aedes aegypti vector, which has promoted the emergence of resistant populations. The resistance mechanism to pyrethroid insecticides most studied to date is target-site mutations that desensitize the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) of the insect to the action of pyrethroids. In the present study, susceptibility to the pyrethroid insecticides permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and deltamethrin was evaluated in fourteen populations from the department of Córdoba, Colombia. The CDC bottle bioassay and WHO tube methods were used. Additionally, the frequencies of the F1534C, V1016I, and V410L mutations were determined, and the association of resistance with the tri-locus haplotypes was examined. The results varied between the two techniques used, with resistance to permethrin observed in thirteen of the fourteen populations, resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in two populations, and susceptibility to deltamethrin in all the populations under study with the CDC method. In contrast, the WHO method showed resistance to the three insecticides evaluated in all populations. The frequencies of the mutated alleles ranged from 0.05–0.43 for 1016I, 0.94–1.0 for 1534C, and 0.01–0.59 for 410L. The triple homozygous mutant CIL haplotype was associated with resistance to all three pyrethroids evaluated with the WHO bioassay, while with the CDC bioassay, it was only associated with resistance to permethrin. This study highlights the importance of implementing systematic monitoring of kdr mutations, allowing resistance management strategies to be dynamically adjusted to achieve effective control of Aedes aegypti.
What smell can tell: using Magic Chemisorbers and GC/MS to capture and analyse volatiles off-gassing from plastic coatings
Authors: van Rooijen Olivia , van Aubel Carien , de Groot Suzan , van Keulen Henk
Published: August 2024

Odour that may be released when opening packaging of plastic objects is often a concern for collection managers. Volatile compounds emitted by three separate plastic-coated textile objects from Centraal Museum Utrecht were identified. Samples are analysed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and (pyrolysis) Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Polar and apolar Magic Chemisorbers are used to trap volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that the plastic coatings are off-gassing. Two of the objects have a plasticised polyvinylchloride (PVC-P) coating giving off a faint chemically sweet smell, where the DEHP plasticiser is detected as the main off-gassing compound. The third object has a polyurethane (PUR) ester coating which has a very rancid smell, most likely a result of the off-gassing of butanoic acid and naphthalene derivatives. This pilot study shows that polar (PEG) and apolar (PDMS) Magic Chemisorbers are useful sorbents to trap compounds that are off-gassing from plastic coatings.
Effectiveness of Etanol Extract Bajakah Wood (Spatholobus sp.) on the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
Authors: Banjarnahor Rifanny Paruma
Published: August 2024

Background: Infectious diseases are still an important issue for Indonesia. One of the opportunistic bacteria that causes various infectious diseases is Staphylococcus aureus. There is a need for new alternative treatments that have the same high potential as antibiotics. Bajakah wood (Spatholobus sp.) is a plant that grows abundantly in the tropical forests of Central Kalimantan. This plant has the potential antibacterial potential because it contains secondary metabolite compounds, namely alkaloids, tannins and glycosides.Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Bajakah wood (Spatholobus sp.) on the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923 bacteria through antimicrobe sensitivity test.Methods: In this study, three different methods were used, the disc method, the well method and the Whatman paper method using a concentration of 5%; 15%; 25%; 50% and 100% extract.Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of Bajakah Wood (Spatholobus sp.) had antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 at the lowest concentration, namely 5%. The disk method obtained an average inhibition zone of 11.1 mm, the well method obtained an average inhibition zone of 16.8 mm and the Whatman paper method obtained an average inhibition zone of 10.8 mm.Conclusion: From this study, the ethanol extract of Bajakah wood (Spatholobus sp.) has antibacterial potential against S. aureus bacteria with its secondary metabolite compounds.
EFFECTS OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA LINN PERICARP EXTRACT AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON ATHEROEMBOLIC HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES KIDNEY IN WISTAR RATS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Perdana Evangga Yudha , Miranti Ika Pawitra
Published: August 2024

Background: Renal atheroembolism is an under-recognized cause of renal failure . Atheroembolism is caused by cholesterol crystals from ulcerated atherosclerotic plaques and is influenced by inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The formation of complicated atherosclerotic lesions is a prerequisite for the development of cholesterol crystal emboli. Non-pharmacological therapeutic management (such as diet and physical exercise) is an important factor in preventing and reducing the risk of atherogenesis. Garcinia Mangostana Linn pericarp can inhibit the process of atherosclerosis through the reduction of free radicals and improvement of endothelial function Objective: To investigate the effect of Garcinia Mangostana Linn Pericarp administration along with Physical Exercise on the histopathologic features of renal atheroembolism in Wistar rats with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This study is a true experimental study with research subjects in the form of male Rattus norvegicus Wistar rats which were randomly divided into 3 groups. K (not given therapy), P1 (garcinia pericarp extract 800 mg / kg / day with physical exercise), and P2 (nanoemulsion 50 mg / kg / time of administration with physical exercise). Results: In the group treated with garcinia pericarp extract 800 mg/kg bw/day with physical exercise and the group with nanoemulsion 50 mg/kg bw/day with physical exercise, there were no fatty streaks, inflammation, and impaired myocyte coherence. There was 0-5% fibrous connective tissue, one layer of foam cell layer and myocyte-lipid, no cholesterol crystal embolism was found. Conclusion: The administration of Garcinia Mangostana Linn pericarp extract and/or nanoemulsion with physical exercise can have an effect on the histopathological picture of the kidneys of Wistar rats with metabolic syndrome. There was no difference in effect between the two treatments. However, it could not be compared with the group that was not given any treatment because it had died completely before the end of the study period.
Optimizing the Role of State Administrative Court Decisions in State Financial Recovery
Authors: Yulius Yulius , Utama Yos Johan
Published: August 2024

The government has significant authority in managing state finances, demonstrated by its ability to enact laws and to take public legal action through government decisions and actions. A number of authorities are inextricably linked to the measures taken to ensure that state finance can fund all state expenditures related to achieving development goals. This considerable power may violate citizens' rights due to the decisions or actions of the state finance manager. The community whose rights are jeopardized may file a lawsuit or petition the Administrative Court. The Administrative Court Decision must be able to synthesize public demands with the stability of the state finance to ensure that justice and legal order are fulfilled for the benefit of the state and people. This research is a normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. This research concludes that the Administrative Court decision has enforced the law and harmonized and actualized the national legal system regarding state finances. It is also highly correlated with state financial stability because its value is immense and can affect the state's cash balance.
Harmonizing the Rules: “A Socio-Legal Analysis of FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Standards and Indonesian Football Regulations – Aftermath Kanjuruhan Tragedy"
Authors: Utama Kartika Widya , Putrijanti Aju , Sukmadewi Yudhitiya Dyah , Apriliani Lydia
Published: August 2024

The death of over 100 Indonesian football supporters at Kanjuruhan Stadium has raised significant concerns about the legal aspects of security and safety management in Indonesian stadiums. This conceptual article conducts a comparative legal analysis between FIFA's Stadium Safety and Security Regulations and the PSSI Safety and Security Regulation 2021, exploring potential avenues for harmonization. With a focus on ensuring the safety of spectators, players, and officials, the study examines the nuanced differences and commonalities between these regulatory frameworks. By identifying areas of convergence, the article aims to contribute to a more unified approach in addressing critical aspects of stadium safety and security within Indonesian football culture, particularly regarding the presence of police officers. Through this socio-legal approach, the article seeks to stimulate discourse on necessary adjustments and reforms to align domestic regulations with FIFA standards, fostering a safe and standardized environment for football enthusiasts in Indonesia. The findings of the article indicate a shift in principles in the management of football matches within PSSI. Regulations that should serve as a reference for upholding the principles of safety and security for all parties involved in a football match have shifted towards becoming regulations designed to avoid responsibility.
The Dynamics of Government Fiscal Policy Post COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia (Legal Analysis of Government Regulation instead of Law Number 1 Year 2020)
Authors: Giri Ni Putu Niti Suari , Yusa I Gede , Sumerthayasa Putu Gede Arya , Kelly Danial , Ivory Jared
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on various countries, including Indonesia, in particular on the securing of the state budget and state financial stability in anticipation of the systemic and comprehensive impact of the pandemic. This deviation is not in line with the Indonesian constitution, welfare state principles, and even regulations based on the principles of good legislation. This article will examine three aspects of the problem: firstly, the formation of Government Regulation Number 1 of 2020 (Perppu) concerning State Financial Policy and Stability under COVID-19 countermeasures by the formation mechanism; secondly, the constitutionality issue in the drafting of Perppu; and thirdly, the legal issue of Article 27 on the immunity of officials who carry out financial policies. This paper employs a combination of normative legal research methods, including a statutory approach, a legal conceptual approach, a legal fact approach, and a relevant case law approach. The result of the research is  that Perppu is a policy in an emergency period that contains a policy of relaxation of the implementation of the APBN is constitutional. The form of deviation that appears from Perppu is that this Perppu implements financial relaxation or sets state financial policies without involving the DPR. This has been constitutionally confirmed by Article 12 of the 1945 Constitution that the government and the DPR must determine state financial policies together. Although the constitutionality of Perppu in terms of fiscal policy is not in question, the provisions of Article 27 of Perppu that are unconstitutional can be cancelled by the Constitutional Court. The legality of Perppu relating to immunity must be implemented by prioritising the principle of good faith in carrying out the duties and functions of each state financial stakeholder during the emergency period.
Structural damage characteristics and mechanism of granite residual soil
Authors: Lu Yiwei , Shi Yujie , Chen Bin , Feng Zihao , Hu Jieming
Published: August 2024

Deep and thick weathered granite crusts widely distributed in Xiangdong area, Hunan Province, due to their special structure, often induce geological disasters such as landslides under the conditions of excavation or atmospheric precipitation. In this article, using the direct shear test, X-ray diffraction test and scanning electron microscope test, the mechanical properties and the response mechanism of the microstructure of the granite residual soil in eastern Hunan area under different states were studied, and the structural damage mechanism of the granite residual soil was analysed. Based on the comprehensive structural potential, the theory characterizes its structure. The results show that the granite residual soil is mainly composed of minerals such as quartz, mica, kaolinite and feldspar, and it also contains a small amount of chlorite and calcite. The damage is mainly reflected in the attenuation of cohesion, while the change of the internal friction angle is small. The microscopic manifestation is the failure of the bridging structure between the aggregates, and the inter-granular pores are interconnected. The difference and shear strength response reflect the susceptibility to disturbance of granite residual soil and reflect that the structural strength has been damaged under the disturbance of human factors.
Tiere als „lebende Artefakte“. Die Erfindung des Rassehundes als kulturelle Kategorie und als materielles Objekt
Authors: Heintz Bettina
Published: August 2024

Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit der Erfindung des Rassehundes in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts. In dieser Zeit etablierte sich eine kategoriale Ordnung, die Hunde neu nach ihrer „Rasse“ klassifizierte. Gleichzeitig entstand ein durch Züchtung hergestelltes „lebendes Artefakt“– der sog. „Rassehund“ –, in dessen Körper die Rassemerkmale physisch eingeschrieben waren. Meine Rekonstruktion der Erfindungsgeschichte des Rassehundes zeigt, dass die Einteilung und Produktion von Tieren nach ihrer Rasse nicht weniger kontingent und kulturell konstruiert ist wie die entsprechende Unterscheidung bei Menschen. Anhand einer Analyse der damaligen Zuchttheorien und ihrer Verschränkung mit den Rasseideologien dieser Zeit dokumentiert der Beitrag den theoretischen Gewinn einer Auffassung, die den Begriff der Tierrasse entbiologisiert, und diskutiert die Folgen, die eine solche Entbiologisierung für die Annahme einer grundsätzlichen Differenz zwischen Menschen und Tieren hat.
The relationship among pre-task planning, working memory capacity, and L2 speech performance: a pilot study
Authors: Tavares Maria da Glória Guará
Published: August 2024

This article reports on a pilot study that investigated the relationship among pre-task planning (Skehan, 1996, 1998), working memory (WM) capacity, and L2 speech performance. Participants were 25 learners of English as a foreign language performing two tasks each. Results show that (1) planning leads to gains in fluency and accuracy but not complexity of L2 speech performance, (2) there are no significant correlations between WM capacity and L2 speech performance of the first narrative tasks for both control and experimental groups under no planning conditions, (3) there are significant correlations between WM capacity and L2 speech performance of the second narrative task of the experimental group (planning condition), and also between WM capacity and L2 speech performance of the second narrative task of the control group (no planning condition). Therefore, results are not conclusive and suggest a complex relationship between pre-task planning, WM capacity and L2 speech performance. Results are discussed in terms of Fortkamp’s (2000) view of L2 speech production as a controlled processing activity (Engle, Kane & Tuholsky, 1999).
Readability test for basic mathematics textbook integrated challenge based on blended learning to develop skills in the industrial revolution era
Authors: Ardiansyah Adi Satrio , Ferianto Andika Nur , Dinasari Arum
Published: August 2024

The development of technology and information requires education providers to keep up with the times. One of them is the implementation of blended learning which is the challenge for universities. This condition requires lecturers to make learning innovations for the continuity of learning and to achieve learning outcomes. To answer these problems, a Basic Mathematics Textbook will be developed which is integrated with the Challenge Based on Blended Learning (CB-BL) model. This study aims to assess the readability test of the Basic Mathematics Textbook integrated with the CB-BL. Development research was carried out to develop textbook products using the 4D model where one of the stages is Develop through the readability test. The results showed that the Basic Mathematics Textbook integrated with the CB-BL model met the readability test with a score of 94 (Very Good criteria). The readability test results show that the Basic Mathematics Textbook integrated with the CB-BL model can be implemented in the classroom to develop student skills.
Analysis of students mathematics communication ability based on Keirsey personality type through accelerated learning model
Authors: Wulansari Indah , Walid Walid
Published: August 2024

Mathematics communication ability needs to be improved so that students can solve math problems well. The purpose of this research was to: (1) determine whether the average students' mathematics communication ability are taught using Accelerated Learning (AL) model reached 65 and finished the classical; (2) describe the mathematics communication ability of students based on personality types Keirsey through the AL model. This research method using mixed methods with sequential explanatory design. Sampling with cluster random sampling technique, the determination of the subject by using purposive sampling. The population in this study is a class VIII student in one of the Junior High Schools in Semarang by taking a class sample. The results showed that the average students' mathematics communication ability are taught using a model of the AL reached 65 and completed the classical with the percentage reached 75%. Description of mathematics communication abilities of students based on Keirsey personality types: (a) Artisan students able to two indicators; (b) Guardian students able to two indicators; (c) Idealist students able to two indicators; and (d) Rational students able to two indicators.
Development of STEAM-based JHS Mathematics Teaching Material to Enhance Students' Mathematical Connection
Authors: Akmal Faisal Fazri , Asikin Mohammad
Published: August 2024

One of skills needed in the disruption era is the mathematical connection ability. However, this ability has not been optimally facilitated through learning process. In fact, the disruption era also encourages renewal, one of which is through the provision of quality learning resources both in terms of content and approach. In addition, the disrupstion era has also led to various approaches that more suitable with existing developments and changes, such as the STEAM approach. Therefore, it is important to develop a qualified STEAM-based mathematics teaching material to improve students' mathematical connection abilities. The development of this teaching material uses a modified Borg and Gall model of research and development (R&D) method. There are ten stages that aim to develop and describe the quality of STEAM-based mathematics teaching materials in three indicators, namely validity (characteristics suitability and feasibility), practicality (readability), and effectiveness in improving students' mathematical connection abilities. The final results are STEAM-based mathematics teaching materials that are valid (meet the teaching materials characteristics suitability and include in the very feasible category with feasibility score of 89,09%), practical (easy to understand with readability score of 67.13%), and effective in improving students’ mathematical connection abilities with moderate improvement category (with gain normalization index score of 0.395).
Development of Android-Based Linear Program Teaching Materials with an Ethnomatematics Approach to Improve Students’ Mathematical Problem Solving Ability
Authors: Novitasari Fitri , Walid Walid
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine process of developing  teaching materials for android-based linear programming with an ethnomathematics approach that was valid, practical, and effective to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This study uses research and development (R&D) methods with modifications to the ADDIE model developed by Dick and Carry Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation and Evaluation. Data collection using test techniques and non-test techniques. The data analysis technique used a Likert scale, Guttman scale, one-sided average s test, proportion test, and N-Gain test.The results showed that the teaching materials had very valid criteria with an average percentage of material validity test of 93.84% and media validity test of 86.67%, very practical with an average practicality test of 90%, and effective for improving mathematical problem solving skills. students which include: (1) mathematical problem solving abilities of students who are taught using teaching materials meet individual mastery; (2) the proportion of completeness of students' mathematical problem solving ability test results after using teaching materials is more than 80% so as to achieve classical mastery. (3) based on the results of the pretest and posttest showed that the teaching materials were able to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities where the average posttest score was greater than the average pretest score with an N-Gain result of 0.5659 on medium criteria. So, it can be concluded if the teaching materials are valid, practical, and effective so that they are feasible to be used in learning mathematics to improve students' problem solving abilities.
Increasing Motivation and Mathematics Learning Achievement in Sequences and Series Materials using PBL Model with Triastra Method
Authors: Nugroho Moh. Hendy
Published: August 2024

This research attempted to increase motivation and mathematics learning achievement in the sequences and series material. It was in the form of Classroom Action Research (CAR) and used Triastra method, a method which combines Problem Based Learning (PBL), interactive quiz, and structured tasks through the interactive quiz. Two cycles were done by the researcher starting from pre-cycle. Each cycle consisted of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. 30 students, including 3 male students and 27 female students of the Class X Multimedia 2 of State Vocational High School 1 Kendal or SMK Negeri 1 Kendal in the academic year of 2019/2020 were involved. Their data were collected using test, observation, and questionnaire. To interpret the data, the researcher used descriptive analysis method. Findings showed that there was an increase in the motivation to the high category, namely from 74% in the cycle 1 to 87% in cycle II. In terms of learning achievement, it increased from 23% in the cycle 1 to 47% in cycle II, while the mean of the achievement increased from 5.95 in cycle 1 to 7.18 in cycle II. Thus, it is concluded that Triastra method can increase students’ motivation and mathematics learning achievement.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Analyze Category: The Analysis of Students’ Analytical Skills Based on Gender
Authors: Kuncoro Krida Singgih , Harini Esti , Trimono Dimas Adi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe students' analytical skills based upon gender differences. Bloom's Taxonomy analyze category is the basis for determining the level of analytical skills. According to Bloom's Taxonomy, analytical skills consist of three cognitive processes: differentiating, organizing, and attributing. This type of research was qualitative, with the research subject as many as six students on the number material. This research was conducted on seventh-grade students at one of the junior high schools (SMP) in South Sumatra. Research subjects were determined reached from the results of initial mathematical abilities consisting of two students with high initial abilities, two medium early abilities, and one low initial ability. The study's results revealed that students’ analytical skills of girls were better than boys. Girls fulfill all cognitive processes of analytical skills. In contrast, in solving number problems, boys only achieve some of the cognitive analytical skills process.
Mathematical Literacy in Terms of Cognitive Style With Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia Learning Assisted by Google Classroom
Authors: Astuti Roni , Wardono Wardono
Published: August 2024

This study aims to (1) find out the difference in the mean increase in students' mathematical literacy with Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia learning assisted by Google Classroom (PMRI-GC learning) and with Scientific learning, and (2) find out the effect of cognitive style on students' mathematical literacy with PMRI-GC learning. The design in this study was experimental designs: true experimental design: pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study were students of class VIII SMP N 2 Wedi. The samples were determined by random sampling technique and determined that class VIIIA as the experimental class was given PMRI-GC learning and class VIIIB as the control class was given Scientific learning. The results of the study were the mean increase of students' mathematical literacy with PMRI-GC learning is better than students with scientific learning, the mean increase of students' mathematical literacy with PMRI-GC learning is in the medium category, while the mean increase of students' mathematical literacy with Scientific learning is in the low category, and there is an effect of cognitive style on mathematical literacy of students who receive PMRI-GC learning, with an effect of , meaning that cognitive style has an effect of  on mathematical literacy.
Development of Hypercontent-Based Probability Teaching Materials with Problem-Based Learning Model
Authors: Pratiwi Safarina Yasrieva , Dewi Nuriana Rachmani
Published: August 2024

This research focuses on developing hypercontent-based Probability teaching materials based on problem-based learning models. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics, feasibility, and readability of hypercontent-based teaching materials. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). The procedure used in this research and development adopts the modified Sugiyono (2015) development model, namely (1) potential and problems, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4) design validation, (5) design revision, (6) product trial, and (7) product revision. This research produces a hypercontent-based Probability teaching material based on a problem-based learning model that has met the suitability of characteristics. The teaching materials were declared valid and suitable for use in learning mathematics with an average feasibility score of 85.82%. Based on the readability test, it was found that the hypercontent-based Probability teaching materials were easy to understand and could be used independently by students with an average readability score of 79.91%.
KOMPARASI KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK ANTARA PEMBELAJARAN SAVI DAN VAK DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK
Authors: Hermawan Feri , Winarti Endang Retno
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis yang signifikan antara peserta didik yang menerima pelajaran menggunakan model SAVI dengan pendekatan saintifik, VAK dengan pendekatan saintifik, dan Direct Instruction, serta untuk mengetahui apakah rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik yang menerima pembelajaran menggunakan model SAVI dengan pendekatan saintifik lebih dari rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik yang menerima pembelajaran menggunakan model VAK dengan pendekatan saintifik dan model Direct Instruction. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Data diperoleh melalui metode tes dan diuji dengan uji normalitas dengan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov, uji homogenitas dengan uji Levene Test, uji One Way Anova dan uji lanjut Scheffe. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis yang signifikan antara peserta didik yang menerima pelajaran menggunakan model SAVI dengan pendekatan saintifik, VAK dengan pendekatan saintifik, dan Direct Instruction, serta rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran menggunakan model SAVI dengan pendekatan saintifik lebih dari rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran menggunakan model VAK dengan pendekatan saintifik dan pembelajaran model Direct Instruction.
STUDI KOMPARASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TRADITIONAL FLIPPED DENGAN PEER INSTRUCTION FLIPPED TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Adhitiya Ervan Nur , Prabowo Ardhi , Arifudin Riza
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII dengan pembelajaran Traditional Flipped dan Peer Instruction Flipped dapat mencapai KKM secara klasikal dan mengetahui apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII dengan pembelajaran Peer Instruction Flipped lebih baik daripada pembelajaran Traditional Flipped pada materi keliling dan luas lingkaran. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Ungaran tahun ajaran 2014/ 2015. Sampel diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel yang terpilih yaitu kelas VIII G sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 dan kelas VIII F sebagai kelas eksperimen 2. Metode pengumpulan data meliputi metode dokumentasi, metode tes, dan metode observasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji proporsi, dan uji perbedaan rata-rata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada kedua kelas eksperimen mencapai ketuntasan klasikal dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan model pembelajaran Peer Instruction Flipped lebih baik daripada kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan model pembelajaran Traditional Flipped. Disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan model Traditional Flipped dan Peer Instruction Flipped mencapai ketuntasan klasikal dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dengan model Peer Instruction Flipped lebih baik daripada Traditional Flipped.
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PBL DENGAN MIND MAP MELALUI HANDS ON ACTIVITY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA
Authors: Ramadhani Istika , Mariani Scolastika , Waluya St. Budi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran model PBL dengan mind map melalui hands on activity terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 7 Semarang Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan cluster random sampling, diperoleh siswa kelas VII G sebagai kelas eksperimen1, kelas VII E sebagai kelas eksperimen 2, dan kelas VII C sebagai kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen 1 diberikan pembelajaran model PBL dengan mind map melalui hands on activity, kelas eksperimen 2 diberikan pembelajaran model PBL dengan mind map, dan kelas kontrol diberikan pembelajaran model ekspositori. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan lembar pengamatan aktivitas siswa. Data dianalisis dengan uji proporsi, uji beda rata dengan anava, uji lanjut LSD, dan uji regresi. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada kelas eksperimen 1 dapat mencapai kriteria ketuntasan belajar; (2) kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada kelas eksperimen 2 dapat mencapai kriteria ketuntasan belajar; (3) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kreatif antara siswa pada kelas eksperimen 1, eksperimen 2, dan kelas kontrol. (4) terdapat pengaruh positif dari aktivitas belajar siswa pada kelas eksperimen 1 terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa
KOMPARASI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN MODEL JIGSAW DAN GI PADA PENCAPAIAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Kartikasari Yoselin , Kartono Kartono , Soedjoko Edy
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran pembelajaran JIGSAW dan GI (Group Investigation) sudah mencapai ketuntasan belajar; manakah yang lebih baik antara rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran JIGSAW denganÂ  model pembelajaran GI, model pembelajaran JIGSAW dengan pembelajaran Ekspositori, dan model pembelajaran GI dengan pembelajaran Ekspositori. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Boja. Melalui teknik Cluster Random Sampling, terpilih dua kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan tes. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji , uji proporsi satu pihak, uji ANAVA, dan uji lanjut Scheffe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa materi kubus dan balok dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran pembelajaran JIGSAW dan GI (Group Investigation) sudah mencapai ketuntasan belajar, rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran JIGSAW sama dengan pembelajaran GI, pembelajaran JIGSAW lebih baik daripada pembelajaran Ekspositori, dan pembelajaran GI lebih baik daripada pembelajaran Ekspositori.