bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary School Pupils as Health Educators
Authors: Soedjas Triwibowo , Ismail Djauhar , Sadjimin Tonny , Sutaryo Sutaryo , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Hastuti Retno , Ismangoen Ismangoen
Published: September 2023

An evaluation study of primary school pupils involved in health activities was carried out. The study showed that pupils can be used effectively as agents for transmitting health information.

Through a well designed school health program the use of primary school pupils will help improve deficiencies in the quantitiy and quality of existing public health education activities.
The Incidence of Congenital Malformation in the Gadjah Mada University Hospital Yogyakarta During 1974-1979
Authors: Irawan Irawan , Surjono Achmad , Iman Sunartini , Ismangoen Ismangoen
Published: September 2023

A study of the incidence of congenital malformation among 4625 newborns in the neonatal unit, Gadjah Mada University Hospital Yogyakarta, during a period of 5 years (1974 - 1979) is presented. The incidence of 1.64% out of 4625 newborns was found.

The three most frequent malformations were hydrocephalus (21%), cleft lip and cleft palate (9.2%) and Down's Syndrome (9.2%).

A total of 40% were found in multiparous mothers between 20 +- 34 years of age and of 26% in grandemultiparous mothers older than 35 years.

According to Arey's distribution of congenital anomalies, developmental arrest was most prevalent (59.2%).
Bacteriology of Bronchial Aspirates in Patients with Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Hasan Rusepno , Mintardaningsih Mintardaningsih , Warsa Usman , Hutabarat Tertia
Published: September 2023

On 30 patients with endotracheal tubes and mechanical ventilation, bacteriological culture has been done using a simple, safe and quite reliable technique. During this study we found that gram negative bacteria especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequent bacteria isolated. Other bacteria found were staphylococcus, pseudomonas species and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Based on sensitivity tests, the aminoglycoside especially amikacin is the recommended antibiotic against gram negative bacteria.

As for gram positive bacteria, subenicilin, cloxacillin and cotrimoxazole are the potent antibiotics.

The data presented in this study dearly support the usefulness and reliability of the technique.
Asthma and Emotional Factor
Authors: Rukman Jusuf , Boediman I. , Rahayu NastIti N.
Published: September 2023

The case of boy of 12 years old suffering from recurrent asthmatic attacks has been reported.

Treatment with several antiasthmatic drugs and acupuncture did not prevent recurrency.

Psychiatric examination revealed an immature personality and anxiety state. Combined management consisting of medicaments, psychotherapy and parental counceling gave complete improvement.
Hookworm Infection and its Problems in Central Java
Authors: Soemantri Ag. , N. Harsoyo
Published: September 2023

The correlation of worm load, haemoglobin level and the nutritional status in children who had hookworm infection were estimated. The iron deficiency anaemia in the school age children was caused by hookworm infection. The worse the nutritional status of the child, the lower was the haemoglobin level. Besides anthelmintics treatment and the iron supplementation, primary health care education was also given simultaneously.
The Potential of a Sumbawa Herbal Oil-Based Oleogel as Burn Wound Dressing
Authors: Yuniar Andi Irma , Yasid Nurul Wahidah , Nissatuljannah Syarifah Fatimah , Makmun Armanto , Rijal Syamsu
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to innovate the current Sumbawa oil preparation which is still in the form of liquid into an oleogel so that it is easier to apply and more practical for distribution and storage. Phytochemical analysis of Sumbawa oil showed the contents of phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids. By adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as a gelling agent and glycerin as a humectant, Sumbawa oil can be served in the form of an oleogel. The pH measurement of the Sumbawa oil oleogel at levels of 90%, 95%, and 100% ranged from 7.0–7.3 which is the ideal acidity level for the wound healing process. In the antimicrobial activity test with S. aureus and E. coli, the zone of inhibition ranged from 12.1–14.7 mm which is considered strong. Meanwhile, in in vitro testing of the anti-inflammatory activity using the human red blood cell membrane stabilization method, the stability level of each was obtained to be 78% for 100% Sumbawa oil, 74% for oleogel with 95% Sumbawa oil, and 73% for oleogel with 90% Sumbawa oil. The oleogel morphology observation using a scanning electron microscope showed a good gelation process at 5% and 10% HEC levels.
Genetics, Physiological Mechanism and Breeding for Tolerance against Submergence, Salinity, and Saline-Submergence Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Sazali Syafiqah Alia , Shamsudin Noraziyah Abd Aziz , Rafii Mohd Y. , Ab Razak Mohd Shahril Firdaus , Yunus Muhammad Fahmi , Che Yah Fatien Najwa , Ahmad Firdaus , MOHD SYAHMI SALLEH
Published: September 2023

Rice is a staple food and one of the most crucial crops globally, providing sustenance for more than half of the world's population. Climate change has a crucial impact on the agricultural sector, particularly rice cultivation, due to the increase in abiotic stress incidences. Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses on rice production globally. Salt stress significantly reduces growth performance, affecting various metabolic and physiological processes in rice. Submergence is another type of abiotic stress affecting rice growth and yield. Recently, a newly emerged abiotic stress called saline submergence may also jeopardize rice production. Seawater intrusion into rice fields located nearby coastal areas may cause saline flash floods, especially during monsoon season. Rice cultivated in coastal areas is prone to saline-submergence stress, leading to a significantly lower yield. Although Sub1 and Saltol QTLs are widely used in developing rice cultivars with submergence and salinity tolerance, there is a lack of studies conducted to explore the potential performance of breeding lines with Sub1 and Saltol QTLs under saline-submergence stress. It has been hypothesized that the introgression of Sub1 and Saltol QTLs into elite rice cultivars might result in potentially tolerant breeding lines to saline-submergence stress. Further breeding projects, however, need to be conducted to prove this postulation. The present mini-review deals with genetics, physiological mechanisms, and breeding achievements for submergence and salinity-tolerant rice while at the same time highlighting saline-submergence as an emerging type of abiotic stress in rice cultivation.
Quantitatively examining the interaction between cybercrime and physical crime
Authors: Doss Daniel Adrian , Scherr Daniel
Published: September 2023

This study examined the differences and relationships between reported incidents of cybercrime and physical crime within U.S. society nationally. The examined period encompassed the years between 2001 and 2020. The study outcomes showed that a relationship existed between reported incidents of cybercrime and reported incidents of physical crime (p = 0.00; α = 0.05). More specifically, it appeared that relationships existed between the reported incidents of cybercrime and the reported incidents of physical crimes representing robbery rate (p = 0.01; α = 0.05), burglary rate (p = 0.00; α = 0.05), and larceny theft rate (p = 0.00; α = 0.05). It also appeared that a difference (p = 0.00; α = 0.05) existed between reported incidents of cybercrime and physical crime, wherein greater quantities of physical crime were exhibited societally during the examined period.
Green “one-pot” fluorescent bis-indolizine synthesis with whole-cell plant biocatalysis
Authors: Botezatu Andreea Veronica Dediu , Bahrim Gabriela Elena , Ungureanu Claudia Veronica , Busuioc Anna Cazanevscaia , Furdui Bianca , Dinica Rodica Mihaela
Published: September 2023

An efficient one-pot route leading to bis-indolizine symmetric compounds has been developed via a new approach from the dipyridinium heterocyclic compound, reactive halogenated derivative, and activated alkyne through biocatalysis. A set of local plants was evaluated for its catalytic potential in “one-pot” biocatalysis of these valuable fluorescent compound synthesis reactions. Most of these biocatalysts containing enzymes from the oxidoreductase class (peroxidase: 0.56–1.08 mmol purpurogallin‧g−1 fresh weight‧min−1, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) : 27.19–48.95 PPO units‧mg tissue−1, CAT: 3.27–21.71 µmol O2‧g−1 fresh weight‧min−1), were used as green catalysts in the multi-component cycloaddition reaction, in an aqueous buffer solution, for the production of bis-indolizine compounds in moderate to excellent yields (45–85%). The horseradish root (Armoracia rusticana) has been selected as the most promising biocatalyst source among the evaluated plants, and the obtained yields were greater than in the conventional synthesis method. The structures of indolizine derivatives were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, elemental analyses, as well as Fourier transform-infrared spectra. The cytotoxicity of the latter obtained indolizine compounds on the growth of the model microorganism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae MIUG 3.6 yeast strain, was also evaluated. Various parameters (number of generations, growth rate, generation time, dry matter yield, the degree of the budding yeast cells, and the degree of yeast autolysis, fermentation intensity), which describe the yeast growth, suggest that the nutrient broth supplemented with different concentrations of bis-indolizine compounds (10 and 1 µM) had no toxic effect on the yeast strain growth, under submerged cultivation conditions.
Connected component of positive solutions for one-dimensional p-Laplacian problem with a singular weight
Authors: Wei Liping , Su Shunchang
Published: September 2023

In this article, we prove the existence of eigenvalues for the problem

(

ϕ

p

(

u
′

(

t

)

)

)

′
+
λ
h

(

t

)

ϕ

p

(

u

(

t

)

)

=
0
,

t
∈

(

0
,
1

)

,

A
u

(

0

)

−
A
′
u
′

(

0

)

=
0
,

B
u

(

1

)

+
B
′
u
′

(

1

)

=
0

\left\{\begin{array}{l}\left({\phi }_{p}\left(u^{\prime} \left(t)))^{\prime} +\lambda h\left(t){\phi }_{p}\left(u\left(t))=0,\hspace{1em}t\in \left(0,1),\\ Au\left(0)-A^{\prime} u^{\prime} \left(0)=0,\hspace{1em}Bu\left(1)+B^{\prime} u^{\prime} \left(1)=0\end{array}\right.

under hypotheses that

ϕ

p

(

s

)

=

∣
s
∣

p
−
2

s
,
p
>
1

{\phi }_{p}\left(s)={| s| }^{p-2}s,p\gt 1

, and

h

h

is a nonnegative measurable function on

(

0
,
1

)

\left(0,1)

, which may be singular at 0 and/or 1. For the result, we establish the existence of connected components of positive solutions for the following problem:

(

ϕ

p

(

u
′

(

t

)

)

)

′
+
λ
h

(

t

)

f

(

u

(

t

)

)

=
0
,

t
∈

(

0
,
1

)

,

u

(

0

)

=
0
,

a
u
′

(

1

)

+
c

(

λ
,
u

(

1

)

)

=
0
,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}\left({\phi }_{p}\left(u^{\prime} \left(t)))^{\prime} +\lambda h\left(t)f\left(u\left(t))=0,\hspace{1em}t\in \left(0,1),\\ u\left(0)=0,\hspace{1em}au^{\prime} \left(1)+c\left(\lambda ,u\left(1))=0,\end{array}\right.

where

λ

\lambda

is a real parameter,

a
≥
0

a\ge 0

,

f
∈
C

(

(

0
,
∞

)

,

(

0
,
∞

)

)

f\in C\left(\left(0,\infty ),\left(0,\infty ))

satisfies

inf

s
∈

(

0
,
∞

)

f

(

s

)

>
0

{\inf }_{s\in \left(0,\infty )}f\left(s)\gt 0

and

limsup

s
→
0

s

α

f

(

s

)

<
∞

{\mathrm{limsup}}_{s\to 0}{s}^{\alpha }f\left(s)\lt \infty

for some

α
>
0

\alpha \gt 0

.
Experimental Study on Grouting Effect of Combined Post-Grouting Piles in Cohesive Soil
Authors: Wang Zhengzhen , Huang Lei , Dai Guoliang , Li Feng , Ma Tianzhong
Published: September 2023

To study the grouting effect of pile end and pile side combined post-grouting technology in cohesive soil, the self-balancing static load test was carried out on two bored piles with length of 56.5 m and diameter of 1.5 m in a bridge pile foundation project, and the test results before and after the combined cement grouting were compared and analyzed. The influences of combined grouting on ultimate load-bearing ability, pile axial force, pile side friction, pile end resistance, and settlement reduction of bored piles in cohesive soil were studied. The findings revealed that the ultimate load-bearing abilities of combined grouting piles in cohesive soil improved by 32.99∼38.42 % as compared with before grouting, the corresponding settlement was effectively controlled, and the grouting effect was remarkable. Combined post-grouting enhanced the soil layer strengths of pile tip soil and pile side soil, improved the condition of pile-soil contact surface, and greatly increased the pile end resistance and pile side friction. The pile end resistances increased by 96.90∼98.61 % and pile side frictions increased by 23.63∼29.70 %, which causes the pile axial force to decay faster along the piles and also has an obvious influence on load transfer characteristic of the test piles. However, in some stages, the reinforcement effect of post-grouting on the soil stiffness of pile side was not obvious or even deteriorated, which reflected the instability of the reinforcement effect of post-grouting technology.
Electoral System Reform and the Politics of Policy Change
Authors: Sunahara Yosuke
Published: September 2023

As women’s participation in the workforce expands, many countries seek to reform child care support by changing the gender division of labor. Japan also attempted universalistic child care support reforms, though these were not always successful. The electoral reforms of the 1990s prompted the major political parties to make universalistic reforms, and the major party leaders advocated similar ideas. Still, they failed to extend benefits to all children. Agreement on the expansion of funding was particularly challenging. By analyzing coalition formation within and among political parties, I show that the electoral reform led to stiff competition, which made it difficult for parties to agree. The change to a majoritarian electoral system not only intensified inter-party rivalry but also made it difficult to persuade intra-party groups that perceived a threat to their electoral success.
Cleaning Up Its Act
Authors: Wu Jingwen , Masterson James R.
Published: September 2023

The urgent and global concern of environmental problems transcends local and regional boundaries, posing significant challenges for policymakers in developing countries. Amid conflicting economic and environmental goals, evaluating the efficacy of regulatory policies becomes increasingly critical. This study investigates the effectiveness of public policy in incentivizing developing nations to prioritize environmental regulation, with a specific focus on China’s most recent environmental policy, the Ecological Environmental Protection Plan. Using multilevel modeling and difference-in-differences estimation with data from six of China’s most populous cities between 2014 and 2019, we see evidence of air quality improvements following the implementation of the policy. Furthermore, we observe greater enhancements in air quality in the cities most affected by the institutional details of the policy. This shows that well-crafted public policy can improve air quality, providing crucial insights for policymakers and scholars alike.
Toward the next angiosperm revolution: Agroecological food production as a driver for biological diversity
Authors: Delaney Sara , von Wettberg Eric J. B.
Published: September 2023

Flowering plants once drove a global shift in insect–plant–animal relationships and supported an increase in biodiversity, energy flux, and productivity throughout terrestrial ecosystems. We argue here that angiosperms could once again contribute to biodiversity within landscapes, if agroecosystems, and the plants within them, can be managed for multifunctional benefits. The potential for farmland to support biological diversity is understood and well-argued in the literature. We take this long-standing conversation and frame it within a longer evolutionary context, bringing attention to how modification in 2 key areas of our current food production system could support this goal. First, a move toward crop and grazing landscapes that more closely align with regional food webs can lead to observable improvements in community wildlife abundance. Second, we can re-expand the genetic base of our food, fodder, and cover crops, in particular by using crop wild relatives, through the use of wide crosses, genome-assisted selection, and participatory breeding. Agriculture as it is now widely practiced utilizes a narrow sliver of total angiosperm species diversity and within-species genetic diversity on a large amount of land. Change to this status quo requires coordination across tightly interlinked policy areas. It will also require social change. Farmers should be supported to transition through nudges throughout their social network. This necessitates a significant shift in our collective culture to value growing and consuming the flowering crops that can trigger an angiosperm revolution of the Anthropocene.
The impact of neonatal 17-hydroxyprogesterone cutoff determination in a public newborn screening program for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Southern Brazil: 3 years’ experience
Authors: Castro Simone Martins de , Wiest Paloma , Spritzer Poli Mara , Kopacek Cristiane
Published: September 2023

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) occurs due to enzyme defects in adrenal steroidogenesis. The 21-hydroxylase deficiency accounts for 90–95% of cases, triggering accumulation of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP). Early diagnosis through neonatal screening allows adequate treatment and reduced mortality. The purpose of the study was to determine 17-OHP cutoffs for the diagnosis of CAH in a public newborn screening program in Southern Brazil. A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze 17-OHP levels in dried blood samples collected on filter paper of 317,745 newborns screened at a public newborn screening center from May 2014 to April 2017. Neonatal 17-OHP was measured in DBS samples using a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (GSP® kit 3305-0010; PerkinElmer). Different cutoffs were determined and stratified by birth weight. The incidence of CAH was 1:15,887 live births in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, with 20 cases of classical CAH diagnosed during the study period. Most newborns (80.73%) were white, and the prematurity rate was 9.8% in the study population. The combination of different percentiles, 98.5th for birth weight 2001–2500 g and 99.8th for the other birth weight groups, decreased false-positive results and increased specificity compared with current reference values to identify classical CAH cases. The local 17-OHP cutoffs determined were higher than those currently used by this screening program for all birth weight groups. The calculation of reference values from local population data and the combination of percentiles proved to be a valuable tool for proper diagnosis of CAH and reduction in the number of false positives.
La evaluación de la equidad de género en Educación Infantil: estudio paralelo en el Departamento de La Paz (Bolivia) y en la Comunidad Autónoma de Cataluña (España)
Authors: Capdevila Reina , Vendrell Roser , Ciller Laura , Bilbao la Vieja Gaby
Published: September 2023

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de un estudio sobre la equidad de género en educación infantil en dos países con realidades políticas, sociales y culturales bien distintas como son el Departamento de La Paz en Bolivia y la Comunidad Autónoma de Cataluña en España. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la equidad de género en la práctica educativa de estos dos contextos. El diseño metodológico utilizado es de tipo descriptivo y cuantitativo. En ambos casos se pasó el mismo cuestionario para evaluar el trato, la gestión y los planteamientos pedagógicos, así como también las actitudes personales de los adultos, en concreto maestros y maestras, sobre la equidad de género en las aulas de educación infantil.Los resultados obtenidos indican cómo son de complejas las condiciones que inciden en la educación para la equidad de género, ya que se observa como el contexto cultural condiciona nuestro comportamiento. Por ello, la importancia de que se realice una evaluación de la equidad de género de forma frecuente en los equipos docentes a fin de favorecer cambios positivos al respecto. Sabemos que los modelos ofrecidos por los adultos a lo largo del desarrollo de los niños tienen un gran valor. Por lo tanto más que vigilar los discursos verbales debemos controlar nuestra conducta a fin de poder ofrecer modelos que favorezcan la educación en valores, concretamente en la equidad de género.Palabras claves: Educación Infantil, Evaluación educativa, Actitudes igualitarias, Estereotipos de género.In this paper, we present the results of a study on gender equity in early childhood education in two countries with quite different political, social and cultural realities: the La Paz Department of Bolivia and the Spanish Autonomous Community of Catalonia. The aim of this article is to study gender equity in educational practice in these two differing contexts. The methodology used is descriptive and quantitative. In both cases, the same questionnaire was administered to assess treatment, management, educational approach, and personal attitudes of adults, particularly male and female teachers, towards gender equity in early childhood education classrooms.Results show how complex the conditions influencing education are, as it can be observed how the cultural context conditions our behavior and thus the importance of carrying out frequent gender equity assessments among teaching staff in order to promote positive changes in this sense. We are aware that the models offered by adults to children during their development are very valuable. Therefore, rather than paying attention to verbal discourses, we have to control our behavior in order to provide models that promote education in values, particularly in gender equity.Keywords: Early childhood education, Educational assessment, Equalitarian attitudes, Gender stereotypes.
Tendencias en las políticas de formación y evaluación del profesorado en la Educación Superior en España
Authors: Perales Montolío María Jesús , Jornet Meliá Jesús M. , González-Such José
Published: September 2023

En esta aportación revisaremos la situación en la universidad española respecto a los procesos de formación y de evaluación de la función docente. La demanda social respecto a la universidad y su papel en el desarrollo de la sociedad y la ciudadanía, los cambios derivados del Proceso de Bolonia y los procesos explícitos y continuos de evaluación y acreditación en las universidades han configurado un nuevo panorama en la universidad española, que ha influido en las políticas de formación y de evaluación del profesorado. La formación inicial y continua del profesorado universitario, en tanto investigador y, sobre todo, como docente, tiene una larga tradición, pero se ha visto sustancialmente impulsada con las últimas reformas universitarias. Paralelamente, las administraciones públicas, directamente y a través de las agencias de evaluación, y las propias universidades con sus oficinas internas, han implantado políticas de evaluación que están suponiendo cambios sustantivos en la forma de entender las funciones del profesorado, y su desarrollo cotidiano. Ambas políticas muestran las nuevas prioridades en la universidad española, que apuesta claramente por una mejora de la calidad, pero que además se ve en la necesidad de visibilizar al exterior esa apuesta interna.Palabras clave: Educación Superior, Políticas de Educación Superior, Formación del Profesorado, Evaluación del Profesorado, Profesorado Universitario.In this contribution we will review the situation in the Spanish university regarding the processes of formation and evaluation of teachers in higher education. The social demand regarding the university and its role in the development of society and citizenship, the changes resulting from the Bologna Process and the explicit processes and continuous assessment and accreditation in universities, have set up a new vista in Spanish universities, All this influences the policy formation and evaluation of teachers. The initial and continuing training of university faculty, as a research and, above all, as a teacher, has a long tradition, but has been substantially driven by recent university reforms. In parallel, the government, directly and through assessment agencies, and the universities with their own internal offices, have implemented evaluation policies. These policies are bringing substantial changes in the way we understand the roles of teachers, and their daily development. Both show the new policy priorities in the Spanish university, which opts for quality improvement, but also looks at the need to make visible to the outside that inside bet.Keywords: Higher Education, Educational policy, Teacher education, Teacher evaluation.
Jóvenes de origen rural: aspiraciones y tensiones en la transición hacia la enseñanza secundaria
Authors: Hernández Macarena , Raczynski Dagmar
Published: September 2023

En Chile, la transición entre la educación primaria y secundaria ha sido identificada como un nudo crítico de las trayectorias educativas, que afecta más fuertemente a los jóvenes de estrato bajo y de áreas rurales. Buscando profundizar en este tema, este artículo se centra en la transición hacia la enseñanza secundaria y las trayectorias educativas de estudiantes de localidades rurales del país. En base a una investigación realizada el año 2011 en la región de la Araucanía, el texto profundiza en las experiencias y vivencias de los jóvenes y sus familias en el paso a la secundaria, enfatizando las aspiraciones contenidas en esta transición, las imágenes que los actores tienen sobre la oferta educativa local, el proceso de inserción en los nuevos establecimientos, y las diversas dificultades que éstos enfrentan en este tránsito. Los hallazgos del estudio apuntan a que los estudiantes presentan altas aspiraciones y una disposición favorable hacia la enseñanza secundaria. No obstante, elementos como la falta de recursos económicos, el escaso acompañamiento de parte de los centros educativos, los déficit de información que se manejan y las autopercepciones generalizadas de la baja calidad de la educación primaria y secundaria en áreas rurales, aparecen como obstáculos y barreras para concretizar los anhelos y sueños delineados.Palabras claves: Educación rural, Transición a la educación secundaria, Política educativa.In Chile, transition between primary and secondary education has been identified as a critical event of educational trajectories, which affects more negatively the socially disadvantaged and rural students. Deepening into this topic, this paper focuses on the transition to secondary education and the educational trajectories of students in rural localities. Based on a research conducted in 2011 in the region of La Araucanía, the text explores the experiences of young people and their families in the transition to secondary school, emphasizing their aspirations, their images about the local provision, their integration into the new schools, and the various difficulties they face in this process. The findings suggest that students have high aspirations and a favorable disposition towards secondary education. However, factors such as the lack of financial resources, the poor support and orientations from schools during the transition, the deficit of information handled by students and their families and the generalized perceptions of the low quality of rural primary and secondary education, appear as obstacles and barriers to achieve the declared desires and dreams.Key words: Rural education, Transition to secondary education, Education policy.
Uso del Modelo V en la evaluación de un Programa de Licenciatura en Medicina Veterinaria en México
Authors: Williams José de Jesús , Cisneros Cohernour Edith
Published: September 2023

El Modelo V fue diseñado para evaluar procesos educativos en educación superior (González, Gold, Santamaría, Yáñez y Masjuán, 2011). Fue utilizado para evaluar el programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de una universidad mexicana, en sus dimensiones: superestructura, estructura e infraestructura.Los participantes fueron: profesores, directivos, administrativos, alumnos, egresados y empleadores. Las técnicas de recogida de datos fueron: cuestionario, observación y revisión documental.Los resultados ilustran la capacidad del programa, fortalezas, debilidades y áreas de mejora. En la Superestructura, cumple con sus cinco propósitos. La estructura, cumple con la mayoría de los indicadores: organización, proceso educativo, alumnos, profesores, investigación y vinculación y servicios.En la Infraestructura, cuentan con recursos clínicos, zootécnicos y auxiliares y el apoyo instituciones, pero necesitan un hospital para pequeñas especies. En las finanzas, opera el programa con lo básico sin afectar su calidad.Palabras clave: Evaluación, Evaluación de programas, Programa educativo, Calidad, Toma de decisiones, Modelos de evaluación, Modelo V.Model V was designed to assess the educational processes in higher education (González, Gold, Santamaría, Yáñez y Masjuán, 2011). It was used for evaluating the Veterinary Medicine bachelor program in a Mexican university, according to its dimensions: super structure, structure and infrastructure. Participants included faculty, administrators, administrative staff, students, alumni and employers. Data collection included: questionnaires, observations and document analysis.Findings illustrate program capability, strengths and limitations, as well as areas for program improvement. In the dimension of superstructure, it fulfills its five main purposes. In the dimension of structure, it fulfills most indicators related to organization, educational process, students, faculty, research, social services and community relations.In the dimension of infrastructure, there are clinical, zoo technical and auxiliary resources. However, there is a need for a small species hospital. In the area of finance, there is only the basic support for keeping the program operation without affecting its quality.Keywords: Evaluation, Program evaluation, Educational program, Quality, Decision making, Evaluation models, Model V.
Some Psychometric Properties of Lithuanian Thinking and Language Dysfunction Scale (TALD)
Authors: Petraškaitė Karolina , Grigutytė Neringa
Published: September 2023

Thought disorder is one of the main symptoms of schizophrenia, although signs of it are also found in other disorders, such as schizoaffective disorder or depression, so it is important to find the best ways to assess symptoms and use them to differentiate between different disorders. Thought and Language Dysfunction Scale (TALD) is one of the newest and empirically based instruments that can help assess not only objectively observed but also subjectively expressed signs of thought disorder in various mental illnesses. This article aims to analyse some psychometric characteristics of the Lithuanian version of TALD in different psychiatric disorders. 129 individuals participated in the study (73 men, 56 women, age M = 34.28, SD = 9.95), of which 39 had schizophrenia, 27 schizoaffective disorder, 31 depression diagnoses, and 32 belonged to the control group. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, four thought disorder symptom factors were confirmed, which reflect dimensions of positive, negative, objective, and subjective symptoms. The scale has appropriate reliability characteristics. The results of both the total score and the different dimensions are significantly higher in the clinical groups compared to the controls. The results of all dimensions and the overall assessment allow excellent separation of those who suffer from mental health disorders from those who not, and the objective positive symptoms can differentiate schizophrenia or schizoaffective patients from depression ones the most effectively. Although further research on psychometric properties is important, the instrument may be useful when used in conjunction with other research methods in the psychodiagnostics.
Effects of a Parenting and Nutrition Intervention on Siblings: A Cluster-RCT
Authors: Jeong Joshua , Domonko Valentina , Mendile Thecla , Yousafzai Aisha K.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES

The majority of the evidence about the effectiveness of early parenting and nutrition interventions pertains to 1 targeted index child in a given household. We evaluated whether nontargeted sibling children benefited from a bundled parenting and nutrition intervention.

METHODS

We designed a sub-study within a broader cluster-randomized trial that evaluated the effects of engaging both mothers and fathers and bundling parenting and nutrition interventions in Mara, Tanzania. Trained community health workers delivered interventions to parents through peer groups and home visits. Interventions encompassed various content including responsive parenting, infant and young child feeding, and positive couples’ relationships. The main trial enrolled mothers and fathers and 1-index children <18 months of age in 80 clusters. Between June and July 2021, in 32 clusters (16 intervention, 16 control), we reenrolled 222 households (118 intervention, 104 control) from the main trial that had another child <6 years of age (ie, sibling to the index child). We compared caregiving practices and child development and nutrition outcomes among siblings in intervention versus control households.

RESULTS

Compared with control siblings, intervention siblings had improved expressive language development (β = 0.33 [95% confidence interval: 0.03 to 0.62]) and dietary intake (β = 0.52 [0.10 to 0.93]) and reduced internalizing behaviors (β = −0.56 [−1.07 to −0.06]). Intervention caregivers reported greater maternal stimulation (β = 0.31 [0.00 to 0.61]) and paternal stimulation (β = 0.33 [0.02 to 0.65]) and displayed more responsive caregiving behaviors (β = 0.40 [0.09 to 0.72]) with sibling children.

CONCLUSIONS

A father-inclusive, bundled parenting and nutrition intervention can achieve positive spillover effects on sibling children’s developmental and nutritional outcomes.
Servicios esenciales en el ordenamiento territorial metropolitano. Indicador para el diagnóstico integrado en el Área Metropolitana de Santa Fe, Argentina
Authors: Cardoso María Mercedes , Gómez Néstor Javier
Published: September 2023

La gestión conjunta de servicios básicos representa un desafío para las regiones que se encuentran en un proceso de integración, como las áreas metropolitanas. En el Área Metropolitana de Santa Fe, Argentina, se reconocen deficiencias en el acceso de la población a los servicios esenciales relacionados a la calidad de vida. Esto se traduce en profundos desequilibrios que deben ser objeto de la ordenación territorial. Este trabajo analiza el nivel de cobertura de los servicios urbanos básicos esenciales, su relación con la estructura interna metropolitana y la dinámica demográfica en un área compuesta por 25 localidades, con 588 784 habitantes en 2010. La metodología, de corte cuantitativo, está basada en el diseño y aplicación de un índice sintético que contempla los hogares y viviendas con acceso a siete servicios básicos y el empleo de herramientas de análisis espacial. La discusión plantea los siguientes interrogantes: ¿cuál es el nivel de cobertura de servicios esenciales de los distritos y radios del área de estudio y cuál fue la evolución desde 2001? ¿Cómo se vincula el nivel de servicios con la dinámica y tamaño demográfico de las localidades? ¿En qué medida se encuentran preparados los distritos más poblados y de elevado crecimiento en materia de servicios que mejoran la calidad de vida? Se identifican sectores de mayores carencias, en coincidencia con distritos de gran incremento poblacional a raíz de los procesos desconcentradores metropolitanos, a los que debería priorizarse en las políticas públicas.
Discursos, narrativas de odio y reconciliación
Authors: Guerrero-Gutiérrez Mario-Fernando
Published: September 2023

La trampa del conflicto es el mayor riesgo que enfrentan las sociedades que han pasado por procesos de paz luego de conflictos internos armados y consiste en la inminente posibilidad de reincidencia de episodios de violencia por largo tiempo. El modelo internacional de peacebuilding plantea identificar las causas estructurales de la violencia. Sin embargo, casos como el acuerdo de paz de 2016 de Colombia, profundo en cuanto a revisión de causas sociales estructurales, pero que no ha logrado transformar el conflicto, plantean inquietudes sobre la completitud del modelo. Por lo anterior, a partir del análisis histórico comparado de tres escenarios de conflicto, se propone el concepto de narrativas de odio como dinámicas culturales presentes en sociedades que han transitado conflictos violentos, que mantienen vivos los odios aún en etapas de baja intensidad de los conflictos armados. Esta nueva perspectiva de comprensión permite plantear estrategias concretas de reconciliación en términos de acciones comunicativo-culturales tales como la narrativa transmedia, que ha sido la propuesta transformadora escogida por la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia para entregar su informe final en 2022.
La peste que dejó despobladas las casas y yermas las ciudades en el Nuevo Reino de Granada, 1633
Authors: Martínez-Martín Abel-Fernando , Otálora-Cascante Andrés-Ricardo
Published: September 2023

Este artículo de investigación aborda, a partir de fuentes primarias, la olvidada Peste general en el Nuevo Reino de Granada en 1633, que contrasta con fuentes clásicas de la historia de la medicina y la demografía histórica. Se trató de la confluencia de dos epidemias, una de viruela, que afectó la población infantil y otra, en Suelo virgen, de tifus exantemático o tabardillo, transmitida por piojos, frecuentes en las tierras altas del altiplano, que afectó primero a la población rural de los pueblos de indios, sobre todo adulta, y luego a la población de Santafé y Tunja, provocando una crisis sanitaria, social y económica que marcó el colapso definitivo de la población indígena, afectando las minas, la agricultura y el comercio; acompañada por una crisis política entre el presidente de la Real Audiencia y el arzobispo, vista como castigo divino. Contra la epidemia se empleó por segunda vez la Virgen de Chiquinquirá en Tunja y Santafé. Evidencian las fuentes, que la sequía, el despoblamiento y la hambruna acompañaron la epidemia y entre sus consecuencias están la llegada de los hermanos de Juan de Dios a administrar los hospitales y la primera cátedra de medicina en el Nuevo Reino de Granada.
Anquilostomiásicos por millares. Los médicos locales y las estrategias de lucha contra la anemia tropical en Colombia 1905-1920
Authors: Garzón-Zapata María-Catalina
Published: September 2023

A comienzos del siglo XX la anemia tropical, también conocida como uncinariasis o anquilostomiasis, se convirtió en una de las enfermedades que mayor preocupación generó en la comunidad médica por los altos números de campesinos enfermos, particularmente en las regiones productoras de café. Los médicos iniciaron una serie de investigaciones sobre la enfermedad y actuaron de diferentes maneras para intentar combatirla, llegando incluso a ejercer presión sobre el gobierno para crear una legislación que promoviera la lucha contra esta enfermedad. El presente artículo explora el trabajo realizado por los médicos locales sobre la anemia tropical como un ejemplo de “precedencia periférica” reconociendo los avances y enriquecedoras experiencias locales previas a la llegada de la Fundación Rockefeller y su campaña en 1920. En esta misma perspectiva, el problema de investigación permite analizar la articulación de diversos actores —campesinos, médicos, hacendados— que hicieron parte de las prácticas y acciones de lucha para la prevención y combate de la enfermedad. Metodológicamente, fueron analizadas diversas fuentes primarias, enfocando en las investigaciones y tesis médicas sobre la anemia tropical en el periodo de 1905 a 1920, lo que permitió descubrir el trabajo, prácticas y experiencia previa de los médicos colombianos sobre la anemia tropical.
Palacete Neomanuelino da Foz do Douro (Porto, Portugal): um testemunho de revivalismo “nacional”? (séculos XIX-XX)
Authors: Gadelho Novais Tavares João
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho académico visa o estudo do Palacete Neomanuelino, situado na Avenida do Brasil, na zona da Foz, no Porto. O palacete, construído entre 1910 e 1911 por Beatriz Jorge Guimarães e pelo capitão Artur Jorge Guimarães, com autoria atribuída ao arquiteto José Teixeira Lopes, é um dos poucos exemplares da arquitetura de vilegiatura no final do século XIX e início do século XX que persistiu às alterações urbanísticas da segunda metade do século, que levaram à demolição de diversas habitações ao longo de toda a costa da Barra do Douro. O edifício em análise assume um caráter particular da cultura tardo-novecentista ao utilizar uma linguagem revivalista no seu programa plástico. Este revivalismo apresenta-se como neomanuelino, levando a que o palacete entre no debate acérrimo acerca da existência deste estilo ou se este é resultante de um ecletismo, com diversas culturas artísticas, nomeadamente o gótico, o mudéjar e o renascentista. Aqui observamos igualmente elementos integrantes de um raciocínio sobre a arquitetura habitacional portuguesa e a existência de um estilo nacional, de forte pendor identitário, levantando premissas que estarão na base da teorização da casa portuguesa.
En búsqueda de la modernidad: el proyecto del cinematógrafo educativo liberal en Colombia (1934-1944)
Authors: Chapman-Quevedo Willian-Alfredo , Agudelo-González Ángela-Lucía , Castro-Fontalvo Jesús-Ángel
Published: September 2023

el artículo observa cómo fue concebido el cinematógrafo educativo y el alcance que tuvo en Colombia entre 1934 y 1944 bajo el gobierno liberal. El método empleado fue la investigación histórica heurística-hermenéutica, que incluyó el manejo de fuentes primarias (correspondencia, informes, publicaciones periódicas y ordenanzas) y secundarias (historiografía nacional e internacional sobre la temática), al igual que su interpretación con el propósito de otorgarle solución al problema planteado. Esto permitió establecer la siguiente hipótesis de trabajo: el cine educativo era un asunto de Estado y una herramienta para la educación de la población colombiana. La investigación encontró que el cinematógrafo educativo tuvo un radio de acción en el territorio nacional, logrando captar el interés de la población (rural y urbana) donde este realizó presencia, provocando que los habitantes de los citados sectores observaran en el cine educativo una nueva forma de acercarse a los procesos relacionados con la educación, la cultura, la higiene, la industria y la agricultura. De este modo, el texto demuestra el alcance del proyecto del cinematógrafo educativo en Colombia y traza el camino a recorrer por las futuras investigaciones centradas en establecer el impacto que este tuvo en la población colombiana
Entre la asistencia y la investigación alimentaria maternoinfantil: el caso de la “ginegaladosia” del Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición en Buenos Aires, Argentina (1933-1946)
Authors: Dovio Mariana-Ángela
Published: September 2023

entre 1933 y 1946 en Buenos Aires las inquietudes por la alimentación de mujeres y niños ligadas a la incidencia de las enfermedades gastrointestinales como una de las principales causas de mortalidad infantil derivaron en una activa intervención estatal maternoinfantil y desarrollos simultáneos en la ciencia de la nutrición. Debido a esta confluencia de intereses durante el periodo observado, abordamos prácticas y discursos producidos en el lactario llamado “ginegaladosia” que funcionó en el Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición dirigido por el médico Pedro Escudero, donde se recolectó leche materna, se alimentó a mujeres y niños y se realizaron tareas de investigación clínica, cuyos resultados fueron presentados en espacios académicos. Concibiendo al discurso como una práctica social, retomamos como fuentes las obras “Estudios de alimentación del lactante” y la Revista de la Asociación Argentina de Dietología entre 1933 y 1946. Como principales hallazgos se evidencia que las autoridades y técnicos de Buenos Aires llevaron a cabo tecnologías de gobierno respecto del cuerpo de las mujeres en términos de higiene y vigilancia alimentaria para promover la buena calidad de la leche materna ofrecida a los niños. Además, demostramos que se implementaron técnicas para lograr una adecuada mezcla láctea para los niños; una acción inspirada por un ideario en el que se reforzó la concepción de las mujeres como las directas y únicas encargadas de la nutrición en los hogares.
Posesión formal de la tierra en el corregimiento de los Andes: titulación en el suroeste de Antioquia a mediados del siglo XIX
Authors: Gaviria-Vargas Laura
Published: September 2023

los fragmentos aquí transcritos hacen parte de una disputa familiar que se vivió en las márgenes del río San Juan de Antioquia a mediados del siglo XIX. En este documento se retrató el juicio de posesión que tuvo lugar entre Joaquín, José María y Carlota Correa después de que la primera junta repartidora llegara al sitio donde eran vecinos y promoviera la entrega de los terrenos al suroeste de la región. Parajes que, debido a una serie de disputas legales que se escapan del contenido de estas páginas, comenzaron a ser administrados por el cabildo de Titiribí y las autoridades de Medellín. Así, en el poco tiempo que hubo entre el primer repartimiento de 1852 —en el cual los tres quedaron listados para obtener un terreno—, y la segunda distribución que dificultosamente comenzó en 1859 —cuando solamente Joaquín argumentó haber cultivado, construido y desmontado—, el contexto social en el río San Juan había cambiado radicalmente. Hoy en día, este tipo de fuentes locales pueden ser leídas para ayudarnos a comprender con mayor profundidad los entramados y los efectos que tuvieron las narrativas geográficas y jurídicas empleadas en el proceso de legitimación de la propiedad privada que comenzaba a configurarse como un masivo movimiento de personas reconocido como la “Colonización Antioqueña”.
Márgenes del carácter moral en Aristóteles: sueño y bestialidad
Authors: Aoiz Monreal Javier
Published: September 2023

Platón señala en República ix que en todos los seres humanos hay un trasfondo de deseos bestiales que se manifiestan especialmente en los sueños y el sabio logra mantener alejados. El artículo trata de reconstruir la respuesta de Aristóteles a estas tesis a través del estudio de tres tópicos de su filosofía: el concepto de felicidad, la categoría de bestialidad y la etiología de los sueños desarrollada en los tratados sobre los sueños incluidos en Parva Naturalia
Jürgen Habermas y lo privado vuelto al público. En la esfera pública original y en la esfera pública digital
Authors: Carriquiry Andrea
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo analiza la noción de privacidad relacionada con un público, o subjetividad orientada a un público, acuñada por Jürgen Habermas en su análisis de la esfera pública. Se propone una reconstrucción de dicha noción para esclarecer su alcance y potencial explicativo, y además se realiza una proyección hacia la esfera pública digital. El artículo propone que esta privacidad orientada a un público se puede postular teóricamente como un rasgo común relevante entre la esfera pública “original” y la esfera pública digital, y en ese sentido, constituye una herramienta conceptual que puede echar luz sobre esta última.