bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Law of Future in the Doctrine of Oswald Spengler
Authors: Bogomaz Alexey V.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with various Spengler’s philosophical and legal ideas regarding the future. The article comprises the coherent analysis of Spengler’s criticism of German law in the period contemporary to the philosopher and the anticipations on which he and his followers based their vision of the proper organization of law in the future.
Interaksi Simbolik Pada Pertunjukan Musik Keroncong oleh Orkes Keroncong Gunung Jati New Musik di Stasiun Tawang Semarang
Authors: Putra Rinaldhi Eka Kurnia , Rachman Abdul , Raharjo Eko , Suharto Suharto
Published: May 2021

The Gunung Jati New Music Keroncong Orchestra is a keroncong orchestra that regularly performs keroncong music at Tawang Station Semarang. During the keroncong music performance there are various kinds of symbolic interactions between the players and also with the audience. The purpose of this study was to determine how the symbolic interaction in keroncong music performances by the Keroncong Gunung Jati New Music Orchestra. The research method used is qualitative. The data collection techniques used were observation, interview and documentation. The data collected through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the symbolic interaction at the Keroncong Gunung Jati New Musik orchestra performance at Tawang Semarang station included a sawer box as a place for the audience to give sawer money as a form of appreciation. Symbolic interaction between the players and the players, namely during the performance the players give each other song chord codes with gestures of limbs such as finger movements, head nods, speech, winks. And symbolic interactions between the players and the audience in the form of hand movements, head nods, clapping, and sawer money. From these findings it can be concluded that the symbolic interaction that occurs is as an interaction that aims to find chemistry between players and between players and the audience so that the keroncong music performance runs well and smoothly so that the players and the audience are satisfied with their appearance and as an attraction of the Keroncong Orchestra. Gunung Jati New Musik in attracting public interest in keroncong music itself.
Eksistensi Pertunjukan Musik Burdah
Authors: Murcahyanto Hary , Imtihan Yuspianal , Mohzana Mohzana , Kadafi Muhammad
Published: May 2021

This paper is based on the results of research aimed at describing the existence and development of Burdah music performances in Lombok Timur The type of research used descriptive qualitatively using methods with the object of study is the Burdah music. The location of this research is in Rempung Village, Pringgasela District, Lombok Timur Regency. The target of the study in this study is the existence of Burdah music performances. Data is collected through observation data collection techniques, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques are performed with data reduction steps, data presentation and data verification. The results of this study showed that the factors that support the existence of Burdah music consists of good management, has a complete organizational structure with managerial system, solid in achieving the goal of using an educational system, has a characteristic that maintains a sense of solidarity between members and management and has a lot of performance experience both formal and non-formal. The conclusion of this paper is that the existence of Burdah music is strongly influenced by management factors, solidarity, characteristics and performance experience.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI MENGOMUNIKASIKAN OPINI TENTANG ISI BUKU SASTRA MELALUI MODEL SINEKTIK BERBANTUAN CIRC BAGI SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Purwati Panca Dewi , Sb Nugraheti Sismulyasih
Published: May 2021

Abstrak: Keterampilan berbicara masih menjadi masalah dalam pembelajaran pada siswa sekolah dasar, salah satunya  adalah kompetensi mengomunikasikan opini. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut penelitian ini memiliki tiga tujuan: 1) mendeskripsi karakteristik model pembelajaran sinektik berbantuan CIRC, 2) mendeskripsi indikator penilaian hasil pembelajaran, dan 3) mengidentifikasi nilai karakter dalam proses belajar mengomunikasikan opini tentang isi buku sastra pada siswa kelas IV. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang  dikemukakan Miles, Hubermen, dan Saldana (2014) melalui tujuh kegiatan berikut: membangun kerangka konseptual, merumuskan masalah, memilih dan membatasi  sampel, instrumentasi, mengumpulkan data, menganalisis data, dan matriks serta pengujian simpulan. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut. (1) Karakteristik model berupa pengintegrasian pembelajaran tim dan  mandiri, materi sastra dan bahasa, serta produk belajar berupa teks sinopsis dan teks opini. (2) teks sinopsis dan teks opini siswa tentang isi buku sastra yang telah dibacanya dinilai berdasarkan aspek dasar teks. (3) Nilai karakter rasa ingin tahu, kooperatif, dan mandiri diamati mitra guru sejawat sejalan dengan pengamatan kinerja guru selama pembelajaran.
Brecha de género en la participación laboral y el tipo de unión conyugal en Argentina
Authors: Paz Jorge A.
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se analiza el posible efecto de la división de tareas dentro de los hogares conformados por parejas unidas y casadas sobre sus niveles e intensidades de participación en el mercado de trabajo. Con datos del Módulo de Uso del Tiempo, añadido a la Encuesta Anual de Hogares Urbanos del año 2013, se explora empíricamente la siguiente hipótesis: los hogares formados por parejas unidas distribuyen las tareas domésticas (no remuneradas) más igualitariamente que aquellos de parejas casadas, lo que conduce a una participación laboral más parecida tanto en incidencia como en intensidad de participación. Dicho de otra manera, mujeres y hombres casados tienden a una especialización mayor y, por lo tanto, se observa en estas parejas una brecha de participación entre géneros más amplia que la registrada entre mujeres y hombres unidos de hecho.
El efecto de la frontera en la recaudación del impuesto predial
Authors: Ibarra Salazar Jorge , Sotres Cervantes Lida
Published: May 2021

Mediante un panel de datos municipales de los estados mexicanos ubicados en la frontera norte, estimamos las diferencias en la recaudación del impuesto predial en cada uno de ellos. Los estimados que se han presentado del efecto frontera en la recaudación del predial hasta ahora no son comparables, ya que han sido obtenidos usando diferentes métodos de estimación y bases de datos. Nuestro objetivo es validar este efecto usando un mismo modelo y método de estimación. Encontramos que, controlando por variables políticas, económicas y fiscales, los municipios de la frontera recaudan 69 pesos más que los no fronterizos.
Puntos críticos de accidentes de tránsito en Ibagué, Colombia
Authors: Montealegre Quijano José Leonardo , Garzón Quiroga Julián Alonso
Published: May 2021

En 2018, la Organización Mundial de la Salud informó que los accidentes de tránsito se han convertido en un problema de salud pública, con muertes anuales estimadas en 1.2 millones de personas. En Colombia, constituyen la segunda causa de muerte en la población, sólo después de las derivadas de enfermedades crónicas. En la ciudad de Ibagué, seis de cada 100 000 habitantes mueren en las calles al año. En este trabajo estudiamos los puntos críticos de accidentabilidad de la ciudad, y encontramos como las causas principales las fallas mecánicas, así como las imprudencias y el estado de embriaguez de los conductores; asimismo, la inapropiada toma de decisiones y el desconocimiento de la forma de acceder a una glorieta (round point) se constituyen en un común denominador de accidentalidad.
Technical and Economic Analysis of the Consequences of Occupational Injuries at Machine-Building Enterprises
Authors: Stupnytska Natalia
Published: May 2021

The article shows that effective organization of occupational health and safety (OHS) at industrial enterprises have not only social, but also technical and economic consequences. Analysis of the dependences of the frequency and the severity coefficients of occupational injuries on the cost of OHS measures allowed to draw an important conclusion, that with insufficient funding for injuries protection, the level of injuries remains high enough, and with increasing OHS funds the level of injuries decreases significantly. However, there comes a situation, when further economic stimulation of injuries protection measures does not yield significant results. Definition of technical and economic criteria for assessing the production system from occupational safety indicators is proposed using the apparatus of the probability and queuing theories. An example of calculating the downtime of process equipment due to occupational injuries in the shop of mechanical engineering plant is considered.
The Analysis of Organizational and Legal Possibilities to Reduce the Dangers Related to Road Transport of Dangerous Goods in Poland
Authors: Walendzik Małgorzata , Kamiński Tomasz , Pawlak Piotr , Demestichas Konstantinos
Published: May 2021

According to the data of the Supreme Audit Office, every day in Poland, 20 thousand of vehicles transport dangerous goods by road. Annually 150 million tons of dangerous goods are transported, including flammable, explosive, corrosive, toxic and radioactive materials. The article presents an analysis of aggregated data obtained from particular institutions, participating in different way in monitoring and controlling transport of this type of goods. The analysis of combined data has enabled the identification of organizational and legal possibilities for reducing the dangers associated with the road transport of dangerous goods in Poland.
Human Safety in Autonomous Transport Systems – Review and Case Study
Authors: Dąbrowska Alicja , Giel Robert , Werbińska-Wojciechowska Sylwia
Published: May 2021

During the robot's operational tasks, a key issue is its reliability in the aspect of human safety providing. Currently, there are a number of methods used to detect people, and their selection most often depends on the type of process carried out by robots. Therefore, the article is focused on the development of a comparative analysis of selected methods of human detection in the storage area. The main aspect in the context of which these systems were compared concerned the safety of robotic systems in the space of human occurrence. Main advantages and drawbacks of the methods in various applications were presented. The detailed analysis of the achievements in this area gives the possibility to identify research gaps and possible future research directions when using these tools in autonomous warehouses designing processes.
The Numerical Solutions of Nonlinear Time-Fractional Differential Equations by LMADM
Authors: AL-Humedi Hameeda Oda , Hasan Faeza Lafta
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a numerical scheme for solving nonlinear time-fractional differential equations in the sense of Caputo. This method relies on the Laplace transform together with the modified Adomian method (LMADM), compared with the Laplace transform combined with the standard Adomian Method (LADM). Furthermore, for the comparison purpose, we applied LMADM and LADM for solving nonlinear time-fractional differential equations to identify the differences and similarities. Finally, we provided two examples regarding the nonlinear time-fractional differential equations, which showed that the convergence of the current scheme results in high accuracy and small frequency to solve this type of equations.
Some Results on the Norm Attainment Set for Bounded Linear Operators on Smooth Banach Spaces
Authors: Johnny Saied A. , Ahmed Buthainah A. A.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we give new results and proofs that include the notion of norm attainment set of bounded linear operators on a smooth Banach spaces and using these results to characterize a bounded linear operators on smooth Banach spaces that preserve of approximate - -orthogonality. Noting that this work takes brief sidetrack in terms of approximate - -orthogonality relations characterizations of a smooth Banach spaces.
EEG Signals Analysis for Epileptic Seizure Detection Using DWT Method with SVM and KNN Classifiers
Authors: Almahdi Asseel Jabbar , Yaseen Atyaf Jarullah , Dakhil Ali Fattah
Published: May 2021

Epilepsy is a critical neurological disorder with critical influences on the way of living of its victims and prominent features such as persistent convulsion periods followed by unconsciousness. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the commonly used devices for seizure recognition and epilepsy detection. Recognition of convulsions using EEG waves takes a relatively long time because it is conducted physically by epileptologists. The EEG signals are analyzed and categorized, after being captured, into two types, which are normal or abnormal (indicating an epileptic seizure).  This study relies on EEG signals which are provided by Arrhythmia Database. Thus, this work is a step beyond the traditional database mission of delivering users’ inquiries; instead, this work is to extract insight and knowledge of such data. The features are extracted from the signals by applying the Discrete Wavelet transform (DWT) method on the input EEG signals. Two different algorithms Support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbours (KNN) are applied to the extracted features. After using the above method, two different types of EEG are expected by using classification, either to be normal (refers to the normal activeness of the brain) or abnormal (refers to the non-normal activeness of the brain, which may involve epilepsy). The evaluation is based on three parameters (Precision, Recall, and Accuracy), and also on the implementation time. In this research, two different methods are used, the first is the DWT with SVM, and the second is the DWT with KNN. With regard to the three-parameter values and implementation time, it turned out that the second method was more efficient than the first because of its higher accuracy.
Automated Deception Detection Systems, a Review
Authors: Abd Shaimaa H. , Hashim Ivan A. , Jalal Ali Sadeq A.
Published: May 2021

Humans use deception daily since it can significantly affect their life and provide a getaway solution for any undesired situation. Deception is either related to low-stakes (e.g. innocuous) or high-stakes (e.g. with harmful situations). Deception investigation importance has increased, and it became a critical issue over the years with the increase of security levels around the globe. Technology has made remarkable achievements in many human life fields, including deception detection. Automated deception detection systems (DDSs) are widely used in different fields, especially for security purposes. The DDS is comprised of multiple stages, each of which should be built/trained to perform intelligently so that the whole system can give the right decision of whether the involved person is telling the truth or not. Thus, different artificial intelligent (AI) algorithms have been utilized by the researchers over the past years. In addition, there are different cues for DDS that have been considered for the previous works, which are either related to verbal or non-verbal cues. This paper presents a review on the basic methods and the used deception detection techniques for the recent 10 years, that were studied and performed in the field of DDS, with a comparison of the deception detection accuracy reached and the number of participants used for system training.
Evidence-Based Medicinal Potential and Possible Role of Selaginella in the Prevention of Modern Chronic Diseases: Ethnopharmacological and Ethnobotanical Perspective
Authors: Adnan Mohd , Siddiqui Arif Jamal , Jamal Arshad , Hamadou Walid Sabri , Awadelkareem Amir Mahgoub , Sachidanandan Manojkumar , Patel Mitesh
Published: May 2021

Different species of the genus Selaginella are exploited for various ethnomedicinal purposes around the globe; mainly to cure fever, jaundice, hepatic disorders, cardiac diseases, cirrhosis, diarrhea, cholecystitis, sore throat, cough of lungs, promotes blood circulation, removes blood stasis and stops external bleeding after trauma and separation of the umbilical cord. Though, high content of various phytochemicals has been isolated from Selaginella species, flavonoids have been recognized as the most active component in the genus. Crude extract and different bioactive compounds of this plant have revealed various in vitro bioactivities such as, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-diabetic, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, anti-spasmodic, anticancer and anti-Alzheimer. However, more studies into the pharmacological activities are needed, since none of the professed bioactivity of this plant have ever been fully evaluated. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the evidence-based ethnomedicinal and ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemicals and bioactive potential of Selaginella species. It will provide an updated knowledge for ethnobotanists, ethnopharmacologists and other scientific communities to rethink over the possible usage of Selaginella in medicine. Moreover, further explorations are needed to formulate a novel medicinal product from Selaginella extracts for the improvement of human health, together with toxicity evaluations, necessary to ensure about the safety of these medicinal lycophytes.
A New Cyclic Tetrapeptide from Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus versicolor E-2
Authors: Dong Miao , Chen Yanjun , He Kejun , Chen Yi-jian , Ye Yanqing , Zhou Min
Published: May 2021

A new cyclic tetrapeptide (1) named aspergilpeptide A, together with a known cyclic tetrapeptide penicopeptide A (2) and chaetominine (3) were obtained from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus versicolor E-2 isolated from the medicinal plant Euphorbia royleana. The structures of compounds (1-3) were elucidated using NMR and MS methods.
Coumarins from Angelica dahurica and Their Antitumor Activities in Human MG-63 Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Chen Weizhen , Wang Guokai , Mei Ke , Zhu Jianyong
Published: May 2021

A new coumarin, angedahurin A (1), and seven known analogues (2−8), were isolated from the roots of Angelica dahurica. Their structures were identified by extensive NMR, IR, and HR-ESIMS spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxicities of coumarins 1−8 against MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell lines were screened. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic effects against MG-63 with an IC50 value of 7.2 uM，for comparison, the positive control, 5-FU, had an IC50 value of 32.4 uM. Morphological features of apoptosis activities were evaluated in 1-induced MG-63 cells and the results confirmed MG-63 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.
Cyclic Polyketides with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Endiandra kingiana Gamble and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Mohamad Taib Mohamad Nurul Azmi , Saad Nur Amirah , Abu Bakar Mohamad Hafizi , Omar Mohammad Tasyriq Che , Aziz Ahmad Nazif , Wahab Habibah A. , Siddiq Sadia , Choudhary M. Iqbal , Litaudon Marc , Awang Khalijah
Published: May 2021

A phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of Endiandra kingiana (bark) led to the isolation of four major compounds which are kingianic acid A (1), tsangibeilin B (2), kingianin A (3) and kingianin F (4). The structures were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis in combination with HRMS experiments. The compounds were screened for their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Among them, compounds 3-4 showed potent α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 value at 11.9 ± 2.0 µM and 19.7 ± 1.5 µM, respectively. The molecular docking study found that both compounds were bound into the active site of the N-terminal of MGAM, and thus agreed with the in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition activity results.
Ukrainian caucuses in the US Congress
Authors: Danilova Ekaterina  Nikolaevna
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the degree of influence of the Ukrainian caucuses in the House of Representatives and in the Senate of Congress on the adoption of foreign policy decisions in the United States regarding Ukraine from 1997 to 2021. To fully understand the significance of the caucuses in the legislative process, their typology, adopted by the Congressional Research Service, is described in detail, as well as their composition, goals and main activities are analyzed. The work is based on the analysis of legislative documents of the US Congress, with the help of which the activities of Ukrainian caucuses are disclosed, and on the systematization of the annual financial reports of the US Department of Justice, according to which the main directions of lobbying of Ukraine can be identified. A comparative analysis of the activities of the US Ukrainian caucuses and Ukrainian lobbyists helps to determine their common interests and points of divergence. The relevance of scientific research is determined by the international situation that has developed after the "revolution of dignity", as well as threats and tensions that periodically arise due to the unstable situation in Ukraine. In conclusion, it is noted that the Ukrainian caucuses in Congress, especially the Ukrainian Senate Caucus, are a political tool of the United States to protect its national interests in the Eastern European region, expressed in the promotion of democracy, and are used mainly to solve military aspects.
Nursing Students’ Success: Selection Characteristics
Authors: De Swardt Hester C. Rina , Moche Zebulon S. , Havenga Yolanda
Published: May 2021

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are challenged by increased costs, low student success rates, and a changed educational environment. A continuous exploration of possible solutions to these challenges is therefore required. The HEI concerned encountered similar challenges in ensuring nursing students’ success. The purpose of this study was to explore the views of lecturers and senior nursing students regarding selection characteristics and to make recommendations regarding student characteristics. A qualitative, explorative, and descriptive design was used to collect data purposefully from lecturers and students. Five semi-structured interviews were conducted with lecturers and two World Café discussions were held with 19 senior students. Trustworthiness measures and ethical principles were applied. This article aims to share the views of lecturers and senior students on selection characteristics that may enhance the success of students in a nursing programme to inform further research. The findings suggest that personal characteristics such as a caring attitude, resiliency, commitment, and conflict management skills are important. An acceptable performance at secondary school level and in specific secondary school subjects is suggested. A fair selection process should include an interview and a psychometric test. It is recommended that all candidates be tested for specific personal characteristics for the purpose of risk identification and support, but not as selection criteria. Further research is required to determine the predictive value that these characteristics and the selection process have for academic success.
Experiences and attitudes of registered nurses towards the implementation of quality improvement programmes at a government hospital in Eswatini
Authors: Nkhwashu Tinyiko , Moloko Sophy Mogatlogedi
Published: May 2021

Quality improvement is becoming the cornerstone of effective and efficient delivery of quality healthcare services in recent times. Among other healthcare workers, nurses are the primary implementers of quality improvement programmes (QIPs). Their knowledge, understanding, attitudes and motivation determine the potential effects of the programmes. This study explored the experiences of registered nurses (RNs) towards the implementation of the QIP at a government hospital in Swaziland. The RNs’ attitudes toward the programme were also explored. Non-probability, purposive sampling was used to select the sample that comprised of eight RNs. Data were collected through in-depth, face-to-face interviews to explore and describe the RNs’ experiences and attitudes regarding the implementation of QIPs. A semi-structured interview guide was used to ask questions until data saturation was reached. Data analysis was conducted following Tesch’s method. Ethical considerations were adhered to. The results revealed both negative and positive experiences of the RNs towards QIPs. A negative attitude towards the programme developed due to the manner in which the programmes were introduced to the RNs and their perception of the programme as work overload. However, there was a positive outlook by the RNs towards the programme after they had undergone training on a QIP. The training improved their knowledge, job satisfaction and client outcome. They developed motivation, interest and commitment despite the challenges they encountered. The programme also enhanced the spirit of teamwork among the RNs and the support staff.
Optimal Load for Managing Low-Risk Tibial and Metatarsal Bone Stress Injuries in Runners: The Science Behind the Clinical Reasoning
Authors: Warden Stuart J. , Edwards W. Brent , Willy Richard W.
Published: May 2021

Background

Low-risk bone stress injuries (BSIs) of the tibia and metatarsal diaphyses account for more than half of BSIs in runners. They interrupt training and are managed using noninvasive approaches that are designed to achieve a speedy but safe return to running.

Clinical Question

What is the optimal load to manage low-risk tibial and metatarsal BSIs and safely return to running?

Key Results

Optimal load can be guided by knowledge of the BSI healing process and is symptom driven. At all stages, the optimal load does not produce symptoms during, after, or the day following loading.

Clinical Application

A period of initial load reduction, via partial or non–weight bearing, is typically needed to alleviate presenting symptoms. Analgesics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be used in the short term (sooner than 7 days), but only for resting pain and night pain. Healing supplements (eg, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and/or recombinant parathyroid hormone therapy) may be attempted to influence tissue healing. Athletes can maintain cardiopulmonary fitness via cross-training, while simultaneously addressing musculoskeletal fitness. A return-to-run program can be initiated once an athlete is pain free during daily activities for 5 consecutive days. Progress is directed by symptom provocation and initially focuses on increasing running volume before speed. Optimal loading should be continued following return to running and may include jump training and/or gait retraining to reduce subsequent BSI risk. The optimal loading approach to managing low-risk tibial and metatarsal BSIs is clinically successful, but requires further scientific validation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(7):322–330. Epub 7 May 2021. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.9982
Análise epidemiológica dos resultados de exames parasitológicos de protozooses intestinais no município de Teresina - PI
Authors: Nogueira Matheus Rodrigues , Rodrigues Augusto César Evelin , Correia André Neiva Pinheiro , Sousa Charles Gonçalves Barroso de , Porto Julie Rocha , Rocha Maria Luisa Oliveira , Rocha Yasmim Fernandes Mota da
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a incidência de protozooses intestinais dos resultados dos exames de fezes e mapear os resultados positivos, segundo espécie do protozoário, sexo, idade e zona acometida dos pacientes no município de Teresina-PI. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo documental com abordagem quantitativa de natureza descritiva e retrospectiva, no qual foi contemplado a distribuição temporal dos casos de protozooses intestinais na população do município de Teresina-PI, no período de janeiro a setembro de 2018, feita através da coleta dos resultados exames de fezes de um laboratório público municipal de referência. Resultados: Observou-se que, de um total de 23694 exames parasitológicos de fezes, 8,43% foram positivos para protozoários, sendo sexo feminino o mais acometido (61,76%). Quanto a zona mais afetada, 67,27% eram de zona urbana. Dentre as faixas etárias, a prevalência foi maior entre 1 a 10 anos (25,58%) e 11 a 20 anos (19,72%). Já com relação as espécies de protozoários mais prevalentes, três representam 96% dos casos acometidos que são: a Entamoeba coli (33,93%), a Entamoeba histolytica (36,69%) e a Giardia lamblia (25,53%). Conclusão: Conclui-se que a protozoose intestinal constitui um problema de saúde pública e são endêmicas em países em desenvolvimento, afetando, principalmente, a população com piores condições socioeconômicas.
Perfil de partos e nascimentos na baixada Maranhense
Authors: Lopes Deyvison de Lacerda , Costa Sueli de Souza , Costa Izolda Souza , Júnior Nilson de Jesus Pereira Batalha , Garcia Paola Trindade
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar e analisar o perfil epidemiológico de nascimentos na Baixada Maranhense, no período 2011-2017. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, utilizando os dados das Declarações dos Nascidos Vivos (DNV), disponíveis no sítio do SINASC na internet. Resultados: Os números totais de nascidos vivos foi de 66.972, sendo 51,5% do sexo masculino; 91,8% ocorreram em ambiente hospitalar; mães com idade entre 10 a 24 anos (61,76%); maioria de cor parda (82,65%); solteiras (46,47%); 70,71% dos nascimentos foram a termo; houve predomínio de partos vaginais (68,98%), com 30,34% de cesarianas; 65,36% das mães realizaram menos que sete consultas pré-natal; 7,49% dos nascituros com baixo peso ao nascer; houve correlação positiva entre partos cesáreos e: faixas etária 25 a 35 anos (r=0,974; p<0,001); mães com mais de 35 anos (r=0,836; p=0,019); escolaridade entre 8 a 11 anos (r=0,936; p=0,012); gestações múltiplas (r=0,652; p=0,024); baixo peso ao nascer (r=0,635; p=0,048). Conclusão: Os dados do SINASC permitiram caracterizar a população materno-infantil nesta microrregião, apesar do grande número de informações ignoradas, reforçando a necessidade de capacitação e maior atenção ao preenchimento da DNV, a fim de gerar informações capazes de contribuir no planejamento das ações voltadas para este grupo.
Look at the COVID-19 Pandemic with an Open Mind
Authors:   Pediatric Surgeon, 2116 27th St. NE Renton, WA, USA, I Klepikov
Published: May 2021

AP: Acute Pneumonia; COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease; SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; MERS: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Screening of Actinomycetes for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors production
Authors: Chandrasen Chandwad  , Sudhakar Gutte
Published: May 2021

Hyperglycemia or high blood sugar is the most common cause of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is the most common and fastest growing disease in the world. One of the therapies to treat diabetes is inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition by inhibitors. Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 is a membrane glycoprotein having serine exopeptidase activity, which is cleaves X-proline or X-Alanine residue at N-terminus of peptides. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 degrade glucagon-like peptide-1, which is the main cause for high blood glucose level, hence inhibitors of Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 have emerged as oral anti-diabetic agents. Microorganism, plant and chemical synthesis are sources of drugs. Actinomycetes are potential sources of enzyme inhibitors, drugs, amino acids, vitamins, pharmaceutical important chemicals etc. Present work mainly highlights the isolation of actinomycetes from soil samples and screening of extracts for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition activity. Isolation of actinomycetes was carried out by different methods and pretreatments. Isolated actinomycetes grown in fermentation condition and broth extracted with Isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate and obtain solid material after evaporation of solvents. The metabolites of each isolate were tested for inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition using spectroscopic method. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity is measured by fluorescence of cleaved substrate, which is proportional to the enzymatic activity present. Total 130 actinomycetes strains were isolated. Among 130 extracts of actinomycetes, four extracts have shown positive results for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition. The actinomycetes strains that produce inhibitory compounds are A-9, A-12, C-4 and D-6. These results show that actinomycetes are a potential source for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, which may lead to valuable novel drugs for diabetic treatment.
Novel herbs and drugs for endometriosis management: A review on current and futuristic therapies
Authors: Komal S  , Harikrishnan N  , Gejalakshmi S  , Kayalvizhi S  , Hemamalini Baskaran  , Priyanka J  , Mohan Kumar A  , Sriram GM
Published: May 2021

A disorder with estrogen dependency comprising of inflammatory lesions outside the uterus, causing pain and inflammation in pelvis and affecting women of reproductive age with infertility and post reproductive age is endometriosis. Endometriosis is viewed as public health issue with a major impact on quality of life of women. Medically advanced computational and chemical treatments are available to treat the progression of the disease by diagnostic imaging, clinical examinations, imaging and laparoscopy often leading to immediate surgery. A warrantable rethinking on the diagnosis and management of endometriosis is to be assessed and medical treatments should be considered as first-line option for therapeutic relief for endometriosis by suppressing the systemic estrogen levels providing desirable efficacy and safety, prior to performing endometriosis surgery. The aim of this review is to describe natural products, hormonal and non-hormonal compounds that suppress the progression of endometriosis. Various herbal, conventional and traditional therapies are investigated to treat gynecological disease, endometriosis. The information in this paper include various studies assessing the use of novel treatments in addition to the herbal and hormonal products in the endometriosis therapy. Most of the studies involved were in scrutinizing the pharmacological activity profiles of various sources of drugs in endometriosis treatment, hormonal drugs involved suppression and regulation of various hormones along with various factors like anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-invasive, immunomodulatory, and estrogen modulating activity. However, novel drugs and medicinal plants are also reviewed here to draw attention to the molecules of drugs that target at multiple points for rational therapeutic treatment of endometriosis.
Hepatoprotective effect on methanolic extracts of Tagetes erecta leaves and Tridax procumbens against drug induced hepatic injury
Authors: Aithamraju Satish Chandra  , Shanmugapandiyan P
Published: May 2021

The current study was undertaken to evaluate the preclinical efficacy of methanolic extract of Tagetes erecta (METE) and methanolic extract of Tridax procumbens (METP) against Isoniazid and Rifampicin (INH-RIF) induced hepatic injury. Animals were randomly divided into seven groups, vehicle (control) or INH-RIF (50 mg/kg, i.p.), METE (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.), METP (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) and standard silymarin for 28 days. INH-RIF intoxicated rats displayed significant (p<0.05) elevation in serum hepatic markers, lipid peroxidation and decrease in antioxidants like SOD, CAT, Gpx and GSH in liver tissue. Treatment with METE & METP (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) restored the altered biochemical level to normalcy. Thus, the outcome of the study reveals that METE & METP showed promising hepatoprotective activity in INH-RIF induced hepatic damage mediated by its membrane stabilizing and antioxidant effect. All the methanolic plant extracts produce significant hepatoprotective activity against drug induced hepatic injury.
PENYULUHAN HUKUM TENTANG UPAYA MEMINIMALISIR PENIPUAN DALAM BIDANG INVESTASI DI MASYARAKAT DESA SIGERONGAN KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Wisudawan I Gusti Agung , Sood Muhammad , Saleh Mohammad , Mulada Diman Ade
Published: May 2021

Kegiatan  investasi di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan yang sangat pesat dari tahun ke tahun, investasi yang dikenal saat ini bukan hanya di sektor perbankan saja tetapi lembaga keuangan non bank. Tetapi ada hal yang perlu diperhatikan ketika berinvestasi adalah harus berhati-hati dengan adanya penipuan dalam bidang investasi apalagi investasi secara on line, hal ini terjadi seiring dengan pesatnya aplikasi di era digitalisasi dan revolusi industri 4.0 saat ini. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meminimalisir penipuan dalam bidang investasi di masyarakat  bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat  khususnya di Desa Sigerongan, Kecamatan Lingsar, Kabupaten Lombok Barat sehingga masyarakat desa akan terhindar dari kerugian yang disebabkan oleh penipuan dalam bidang investasi. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah masyarakat Desa Sigerongan merasa sangat terbantu dengan adanya informasi tentang berbagai jenis penipuan dalam bidang investasi dan modus operandinya, selain itu  masyarakat juga  dapat mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan  agar terhindar dari praktik penipuan investasi
Targeted and non-targeted effects of radiation in mammalian cells: An overview
Authors: Rita Ghosh , Surajit Hansda
Published: May 2021

Radiation of different wavelengths can kill living organisms, although, the mechanism of interactions differs depending on their energies. Understanding the interaction of radiation with living cells is important to assess their harmful effects and also to identify their therapeutic potential. Temporally, this interaction can be broadly divided in three stages – physical, chemical and biological. While radiation can affect all the important macromolecules of the cells, particularly important is the damage to its genetic material, the DNA. The consequences of irradiation include- DNA damage, mutation, cross-linkages with other molecules, chromosomal aberrations and DNA repair leading to altered gene expression and/or cell death. Mutations in DNA can lead to heritable changes and is important for the induction of cancer. While some of these effects are through direct interaction of radiation with the target, radiation can interact with the surrounding environment to result in its indirect actions. The effects of radiation depend not only on the total dose but also on the dose rate, LET etc. and also on the cell types. However, action of radiation on organisms is not restricted to interactions with irradiated cells, i.e. target cells alone; it also exerts non-targeted effects on neighboring unexposed cells to produce productive responses; this is known as bystander effect. The bystander effects of ionizing radiations are well documented and contribute largely to the relapse of cancer and secondary tumors after radiotherapy. Irradiation of cells with non-ionizing Ultra-Violet light also exhibits bystander responses, but such responses are very distinct from that produced by ionizing radiations.
Integration of GC-MS in identification of possible final metabolites from phytase production in Pichia Pastoris based on sorbitol induction optimization
Authors: Ndayambaje Jean Bernard , Habarurema Gratien , Habinshuti Janvier , Ingabire Angelique , Ingabire Ange Sabine , Martin Patrick Ongol , S Meenakshisundaram
Published: May 2021

The isolation of phytase using Pichia Pastoris under methanol/sorbitol co-feeding induction technique was investigated. The biological activity of extracellular phytase after optimization with co-substrates induction in 4 liters fermentor (NBS) increased to 13250 U/ml. This led to a 509 fold increases in comparison to the other type of phytase. This effect was studied via induction with sorbitol/methanol in fermentation by Pichia Pastoris GS115 (Mut+) at 20 °C. The interference of by products; methylal, hexamine and (S)-(+)-1,2-propanediol with release of phytase in Pichia Pastoris under methanol induction were detected and cannot be repressed by methanol induction alone. The TLC was used for glycerin analysis under methanol/sorbitol induction and the results were lesser compare to that obtained during phytase production under methanol induction alone. This work showed the higher expression of heterologous proteins and by fed batch fermentation; the expression identified an advantage of producing a significant activity of phytase. Practical applications Plant derived products including sorbitol have been used as alternative medicines for the therapeutic treatment of various diseases, food supplements and could be used in many manufacturing processes. It serves as a culture media for bacteria, and helps to distinguish the pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 from its most other strains. Cells growing on methanol require high oxygen consumption. Sorbitol was used as an alternative cheap co-feeding for the production of proteins and is a non-repressing carbon source for AOX1 promoter with no effect on the level of r-protein at its induction phase. This report describes the isolation of phytase using Pichia Pastoris under methanol/sorbitol co-feeding induction techniques, and sorbitol showed to be a promising co-substrate, as it could enhance both cell growth and targeted protein productivity. This co-feeding and fed-batch induction technique was used for recombinant phytase production in a small and large scale production and the metabolites were analyzed.
Suicidal behaviors as a risk factor among heroin addicts with comorbid depression: A comparative study
Authors: Nazia Mustafa , Fahad Haleem
Published: May 2021

high on the variable of suicidal ideation, hostility and hopelessness ((p < .05) as compared to those with low depression. And there was no significant difference on the variable of negative self-evaluation for both groups (p > .05). So it was concluded that services for patients with Heroin addiction should include periodic screening for suicidal behavior along with psychiatric treatment and psychosocial support.
Transoral laser resection of a large schwannoma in the retropharyngeal space
Authors: Payman Dabirmoghaddam , Zahra Danesh , Amirmohammad Danesh
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The contents of the retropharyngeal space are limited to fat and retropharyngeal nodes. Primary tumors originating from the retropharyngeal space are rare, therefore, the existence of schwannoma in the retropharyngeal space is infrequent. Method: This paper describes a case of a large schwannoma of the retropharyngeal space excised transorally with the use of co2 laser. This lesion measured about 6/6 x 3/5. Result: No peri-or post-operative complications were encountered. The procedure allowed quick resumption of an oral diet and a return to normal activity for the patient. Conclusion: This is, to our knowledge, the first report of this technique used in the excision of a large retropharyngeal space schwannoma.
Endovascular treatment experience in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Hacı Ali Erdoğan , İbrahim Acır , Vildan Yayla
Published: May 2021

Background and Objective: Thrombolytic and mechanical thrombectomy therapies are proven treatment methods in patients with acute stroke. Aim is to share our experience in acute stroke therapy with colleagues. Material and methods: In this study we evaluated the patients who underwent MT or MT + IV-tPA between 2018-2019 retrospectively. Demographic features, comorbid diseases of patients, symptom onset-to-gate and symptom gate-to-puncture durations, mRS (Modified Rankin Score) and NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score, treatment method and degree of recanalization were listed. Results: MT was applied to 29 patients, MT + bolus IV-tPA was applied to 12 patients and MT + full dose IV-tPA was applied to 7 patients. The mean age was 66 ± 15 years, arrival mRS was 2 ± 2, arrival NIHSS score was 14 ± 5, onset-to-gate duration was 185 minutes and gate-to-puncture duration was 118 minutes. Conclusion: The rate of recanalization, functional independence and mortality were similar to the HERMES study. It was observed a higher rate of intracranial hemorrhage in patients who received bolus or full dose IV-Tpa compared to patients who underwent MT. These results have led us to question the necessity of giving bolus or full dose IV-tPA before MT. Onset-to-gate and gate-to-puncture durations were found longer than the recommended durations. Rapid and effective management of AIS patients will provide good clinical results.
Impact of Coronavirus Anxiety on Depressive Tendencies among Emerging and Young Adults
Authors: Beri Vanshika
Published: May 2021

Coronavirus, our new chemical enemy, have become successful in changing our lives to an extent that now we have to think twice before stepping out of house. It has impacted negatively on not only our physical health but also psychological health. The current study was done to see the impact of coronavirus related anxiety on depressive tendencies. Further, it was assessed whether there is any interaction between gender and coronavirus anxiety on depressive tendencies. The linear regression indicated that coronavirus anxiety is strongly related to depressive tendencies and that the coronavirus anxiety is a predictor of depressive tendency. However, two-way ANOVA indicated that there is an insignificant difference as to how males and females face depressive tendencies. Finally, there is insignificant interaction between gender and coronavirus anxiety on depressive tendencies. The implications, limitations and future suggestions are also given on the basis of the findings so obtained
Impact of Levels of Education on Perceived Academic Stress and Mental Wellbeing: An Investigation into Online Mode of Learning during Pandemic
Authors: Syed Nida B.
Published: May 2021

A sudden outbreak of the current pandemic COVID-19 has switches the learning to online mode which leads to an increase in perceived academic stress and a serious threat to the mental well-being of the students across the globe. The aim of the current study was therefore, to examine the impact of online learning on perceived academic stress and mental well being of the students with moderating effects of levels of education, during the current pandemic. Measures of the constructs were obtained by the online Google form which consists of the Perceptions of Academic Stress Scale (PASS) by Dalia Bedewy and Adel Gabriel (2015) and Warwick- Edinburg Mental Well-being Scale (2008), from a sample of 150 undergraduate students aged 19-25 years studying in different colleges of Bengaluru, India. Mental well -being constituted the criterion variable whilst academic stress and levels of education were treated as predictor variables. Two-way ANOVA were employed. Results show that academic stress is a significant negative predictor of mental wellbeing (r = -.083; p < 0.05), there is a significant difference in the perceived academic stress (df=2; F=2.72; p < 0.05)which increase in hierarchy (Third year & first year MD= -3.7; Third year & second year MD= -3.2) and mental well being (df=2, F= 5.314 p < 0.05) which decreases in hierarchy (Third year & first year MD= -5.8; Third year & second year MD= -5.860 ) of the students at different educational levels and a combination perceived academic stress and educational levels predicts variance in mental well being of the students(R2=0.052 ; p>0.05). It was concluded that combined academic stress and educational levels have an impact on mental wellbeing of students in online mode of learning during the current pandemic, but this impact is low (only 5.2%).