bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ERGENLERİN SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMI ODAĞINDA ÖZ-ŞEFKATİN ROLÜNÜ ANLAMAK
Authors: ÖZYAZICI Kadriye , EMRE Oğuz
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmada, ergenlerin öz-şefkat odağında sosyal medya kullanımına ilişkin görüşleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 13-16 yaş arası 26 ergen oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim (fenomenoloji) deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yoluyla çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre katılımcılar; Instagram, Youtube, Snapcat, Tiktok, Twiter uygulamalarını bir saat ila sekiz saat arasında aktif olarak kullanmaktadır. Ergenlerin sosyal medyayı en sık “ilgi alanlarına yönelik hesapları takip”, “akranların takibi”, “eğlence ve fenomenleri takip” amacı ile kullandıkları görülmüştür. Ergenlerin, sosyal medya takip ettikleri paylaşımlardan mutluluk duymanın yanı sıra paylaşımları gördüklerinde sıklıkla olumsuz hislere kapıldıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ergenlerde, sosyal medya paylaşımlarının takibinin ardından dış görünüşünü yetersiz bulmak, arkadaşlarıyla birlikte o paylaşımda yer almayı istemek, özenme, mutsuz hissetme, yaşam şartları ve mali şartları yetersiz hissetmek, moralinin bozulması, kızgın hissetmek temalarının sıkça tekrar ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ergenler bu paylaşımları takip ettiklerinde kendi bedenlerine yönelik eleştiri yaptıklarını ve kendilerini daha az başarılı bulduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Ergenlerin bir kısmının paylaşım yapmayıp sosyal medyada sadece izleyici olduğu ya da bir ‘private’ hesaptan paylaşım yaptığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Sosyal medya paylaşımları yüksek oranda beğeni ya da etkileşim almadığında kendilerini üzgün, utanmış, pişman hissettiklerini ve bir kısmı da böyle bir durum karşısında paylaşımı silebileceğini ifade etmiştir. Sosyal medya paylaşımlarına karşı alaycı bir tavırda etkileşim aldıklarında, katılımcıların bir kısmı bu durumu umursamayacağını ifade ederken bir kısmı da üzgün, öfkeli, tedirgin, kinlenmiş, özgüven eksikliği hissetmiş olduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Ergenlerin bir kısmı fenomenlerin paylaşımlarını izlediğinde kendilerini onlarla kıyaslayabileceğini, bir kısmı ise paylaşımlardan olumsuz etkilenmediğini ifade etmiştir.
TIGRIGNA FOLKTALE: “A GUILEFUL LIAR DECEIVES A SAINT”
Authors: Ghebrai Isaias
Published: July 2022

A Guileful Liar Deceives a Saint is a proverb as well as the title of a folktale in Tigrigna oral tradition. The full context of the tale explicates the proverb and does more. The nexus between the proverb and the tale helps a reader or a listener of the folktale to compare the message of the proverb with the message of the folktale. This tale explores what some of the concerns of the Tigrigna people were in the past. Among the pertaining issues of this folktale are: the need for telling the truth, the deplorableness of falsehood, the need for critical thinking, the consequences of lies, the need for trust, the importance of communication, the need to beware of the feeling of entitlement, the aspect of communality in Tigrigna society, the extent to which liars’ schemes could reach, the end result of evilness, the need for not judging by outside looks, aspects of monastic life in Tigrigna community, and the role of the endowment of the tale.
Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Dalam Pendidikan Saat Ini
Authors: Lestari Iis , Anggraini Hayu Ika , Maisyaroh Maisyaroh
Published: July 2022

Pendidikan saat ini sangat penting karena merupakan bagian strategis untuk membangun kehidupan suatu bangsa. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh sekolah adalah dengan menerapkan MBS agar terwujud sekolah yang efektif. Pendidikan sentralisasi kurang mendidik manajemen sekolah untuk lebih mandiri, baik dalam segi manajemen kepemimpinan, profesionalisme guru, pengembangan institusional, pengembangan kurikulum, penyediaan sumber belajar, alokasi sumber daya dan terutama membangun partisipasi masyarakat untuk lebih memiliki sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perkembangan manajemen berbasis sekolah yang signifikan terhadap sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian literature review. Hasil literatur diperoleh dari beberapa artikel dengan mencari kesamaan kemudian ditarik kesimpulannya. Hasil dan dampak penerapan MBS dapat diketahui dengan optimalnya kinerja, pembelajaran, sumber belajar, keprofesionalan guru, dan sistem administrasi dalam suatu sekolah. Melalui MBS menghasilkan partisipasi yang tinggi dari masyarakat dan orang tua, kepala sekolah dapat lebih bersifat demokratis dan profesional serta mampu membentuk suatu tim yang kompak dalam penyusunan, mengerjakan dan mengevaluasi program kegiatan sekolah. Dalam penerapannya, MBS memiliki manfaat agar keberhasilannya menjadikan pendidikan semakin berkualitas, dan karena itu bangsa kita juga dapat mencapai keunggulan. Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah atau School-Based Management merupakan sebuah konsep manajemen di era otonomi daerah untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. MBS perlu diterapkan untuk dijadikan solusi terhadap berbagai macam persoalan yang dihadapi sekolah. Oleh karena itu hasil dari pelaksanaan MBS di setiap sekolah tidak bisa sama. Tetapi semua sekolah memiliki kesempatan yang sama untuk menjadi sekolah yang berkualitas
Analisis Muatan Berpikir Kritis pada Buku Siswa Tema 2 Selalu Berhemat Energi Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sriliani Veronika Lily
Published: July 2022

Pengembangan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran harus dioptimalkan. Jika siswa dihadapkan dengan berbagai persoalan, maka sikap kritis siswa sangat diperlukan. Dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dapat mempertimbangkan pendapat orang lain serta mampu mengungkapkan pendapatnya sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui muata berpikir kritis pada buku siswa Tema 2 Selalu Berhemat Energi Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis buku siswa Kurikulum 2013 Edisi Revisi 2017. Data penelitian diperoleh dari lima aspek menurut Robbert H. Ennis. Aspek pertama; memberikan penjelasan sederhana. Aspek kedua; membangun keterampilan dasar. Aspek ketiga; menyimpulkan. Aspek keempat; membuat penjelasan lebih lanjut. Aspek kelima; strategi dan taktik. Nilai dari kelima aspek berpikir kritis pada setiap subtema menggunakan analisis dokumentasi, yaitu subtema 1 mencapai 87,5%, subtema 2 mencapai 81,9%, dan subtema 3 mencapai 87,5%. Berdasarkan ketiga subtema di atas, maka diperoleh nilai rata-rata persentase keseluruhan, yaitu 85,96% masuk dalam kriteria penilai sangat baik.
Economic Stabilization Policy in Nigeria: Reassessing the Classical-Keynesian Uncertainty Controversy
Authors: Chidinma Mbah Catherine , Kingsley Okoli Chike , Chinecherem Uzonwanne Maria , Mtswenem Orjime Simon
Published: July 2022

The economic theory proposes adjustment in the lending interest rate as a means of attaining macroeconomic stabilization through inflation targeting. The inability of policymakers to bring about the desired change in inflation without looking at the past values of the lending interest rate and inflation draws us into the economic uncertainty debate between the Classical and Keynesian schools of thought. Using the lending interest rate as a proxy for macroeconomic stabilization policy, this study determined whether it is the classical assertion that the future behaviour of economic variables can be perfectly predicted from historical data that holds for Nigeria, or it is the opposite notion of Keynes. This was done by analyzing trends in Nigeria’s lending interest rate, inflation rate and economic growth over the period of 1986 to 2020. The relevance of macroeconomic stabilization policy in Nigeria was also examined using a structural vector autoregressive model. Findings agreed with the Keynesian notion that due to uncertainty, the future behaviour of economic variables cannot be predicted by historical data. This has made the macroeconomic stabilization policy in Nigeria ineffective. However, the policy is still relevant in Nigeria and should not be undermined. The study recommends alternative policy options such as formulating an employment-targeting stabilization policy alongside the inflation targeting policy as this may likely stabilize the economy and also prepare the economy for economic uncertainty.
A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Aparecida dos Santos Leidiane , Aparecida Teixeira Zimmermann Jussara , Alves Guimarães Ueudison
Published: July 2022

O avanço tecnológico tem sido o grande responsável pelas mudanças ocorridas no mundo contemporâneo, permitindo que as pessoas possam executar suas atividades de maneira diferente daquela que costumavam utilizar no passado. Esse período de transformação fez com que a sociedade se mantivesse mais atenta às práticas tecnológicas e colocasse em ação o seu uso constante, o que permite maior tempo de permanência na rede. Por outro lado, salienta-se que a chegada da tecnologia também permitiu que os relacionamentos entre as pessoas tivessem uma mudança brusca, colocando de lado as conversas presenciais, para dar preferência ao contato virtual. Desse modo, evidenciou-se a velocidade com que as informações passaram a ser transmitidas, as quais foram capazes de solucionar questões que antes não eram possíveis de ocorrer, devido a sua complexidade, promovendo, por sua vez, meios necessários para o processo evolutivo da sociedade como um todo. Assim sendo, percebe-se que o avanço tecnológico, com ênfase em Inteligência Artificial, tem transformado de maneira significativa a vida das pessoas na sociedade, promovendo uma relação diversificada, tanto no ambiente social quanto no profissional. Nesse panorama, é relevante acrescentar que o avanço tecnológico também tomou o seu lugar na área da Educação e trouxe inúmeros benefícios capazes de influenciar significativamente o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, inclusive, tornou-se um mecanismo de motivação, para que aluno possa desenvolver suas potencialidades, além de permitir aos docentes um novo modelo de ensino, necessário à sua prática diária.
COVID-19 Outbreak with Fuzzy Uncertainties: A Mathematical Perspective
Authors: Mahato Prasenjit , Mahato Sanat Kumar , Das Subhashis
Published: July 2022

In this article, we design a mathematical SEQAIMR (susceptible, exposed, quarantined, asymptomatic, symptomatic, isolated, recovered) epidemic model and investigate the nature of the system. We transform the crisp model into the fuzzy model. All the biological parameters are treated as triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs). With the help of utility function method, the fuzzy model is defuzzified. We use the MATLAB codes to solve the system of equations and to predict different situations under different values of the control parameters. Lastly, optimal control for COVID-19 disease is explained.
 
Received: 30 April 2022 | Revised: 4 July 2022 | Accepted: 13 July 2022
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Design And Analysis of Aircraft Wing.
Authors: Dixit Prabhat , Rathod Vivek , Pravin Deshmukh Chetan , Patil Piyush
Published: July 2022

This research develops and analyses a general aviation plane. A preliminary representation of the eventual product is used to start the design process for an airplane. Based on a drawing, a design mission profile is utilized to determine the weight. A more advanced approach is used to estimate weight, which employs calculated performance criteria to produce a more exact weight estimate. The wing design has been demonstrated to be a feasible alternative for a similar general aviation aircraft. When traveling through air or other fluids, a wing is a type of fin that provides lift. Airfoils may be observed on the wings, which have a streamlined cross-section, as a result of this. The lift created by a wing is compared to the drag generated by it to determine its aerodynamic efficiency.
YENİ YİYECEK DENEME KORKUSU VE YENİ YİYECEK DENEME ARZUSU İLE İLGİLİ YAPILMIŞ ULUSAL ÇALIŞMALARIN BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Yıldız Erşan
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmada, Food Neophobia (Yeni yiyecek deneme korkusu) ve Food Neophilia (Yeni yiyecek deneme arzusu) ile ilgili ulusal alanda yapılan bilimsel çalışmaların Bibliyometrik açıdan analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı çerçevesinde; ulusal anlamda alanyazın taraması yapılmıştır. Literatür taramaları sonucunda, elde edilen veriler incelenmiş ve birçok farklı kriter üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin sonuçlarına göre; Türkiye’de ulusal alanda yeni yiyecek deneme korkusu ve yeni yiyecek deneme arzusu kavramları ile ilgili yayınlanmış en eski çalışmanın 2013 yılında yayınlanan bir bildiri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ilk makalenin 2014 yılında ve ilk tezin de 2018 yılında yayınlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların çok yeni olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte; çalışmaların çok yeni olmasından dolayı, yayınlanan bilimsel çalışmaların sayı olarak azlığı da dikkat çekmektedir. Araştırmadan elde edilen en dikkat çekici verilerden bir tanesi de Yeni yiyecek deneme korkusu ve Yeni yiyecek deneme arzusu İngilizce kavramlarının Türkçeye çevrilmesinde araştırmacıların arasında bir fikir birliğinin olmadığının tespit edilmesidir. Dolayısıyla, konu ile alakalı kavramların Türkçeye farklı farklı tercüme edildiği bulgulanmıştır.
Nesh İle İlgili Rivayetlerde Söz Konusu Edilen Ayetler/Sureler Meselesi
Authors: Akboğa Mikail
Published: July 2022

اظهاراتی مربوط به اینکه قرآن کریم از جانب الله متعال نازل شده و از جانب خودش تحت محافظت قرار دارد، هم از جهت ثبوت و هم از جهت دلالت آن، قطعی است. "و بی تردید، ما خود، این قرآن را که یاد خداست فرو فرستاده ایم و قطعا ما خود، آن را از این که به فراموشی سپرده شود و نیز از هرگونه تحریف، مصون می داریم" (حجر، ۹). به عبارت دیگر، قرآن مجید از جانب خداوندی که آن را فرستاده است، تحت محافظت قرار دارد. در کنار اینکه در این موضوع بین علما هیچ اختلافی وجود ندارد، ولی در روایات بسیاری در منابع حدیث، علوم القرآن و تفاسیر، تذکر یافته که برخی از سوره های که قبلا طویل بوده کوتاه و برخی از آیات به کلی فراموش شده است. مشاهده می شود که وقتی چنین روایات مشابه در منابع متفاوت ذکر گردد، مورد نقد قرار می گیرد، اما وقتی در آثاری که به عنوان «خودمانی» پذیرفته شده، جا بگیرد، با معیارهای معقول و معتدل فیلتر نمی شود. در این تحقیق، اینگونه روایت ها با صرف نظر از اینکه در کجا تذکر یافته، به معنای مطلق نقد شده است. این روایات با صرف نظر از اینکه از کجا آمده، روی چه موضوعاتی متمرکز بوده، با درنظرداشت این حقیقت که قرآن کریم محافظت شده است، روی دست گرفته شده و چه تناقض و ناهماهنگی هایی بین آنها وجود دارد، مورد توجه قرار می گیرد.
Abstraction-Based Text Summarization using Python Libraries
Authors: Byregowda B K  , Dr.  Sheshappa S N  , Rahul Jairam  , Prajwal M D
Published: July 2022

As there is an increase in the usage of digital applications, the availability of data generated has increased to a tremendous scale. Data is an important component in almost every domain where research and analysis are required to solve the problems. It is available in a structured or unstructured format. Therefore, in order to get corresponding data as per the application's purpose, easily and quickly from different sources of data on the internet, an online content summarizer is desired. Summarizers makes it easier for users to understand the content without reading it completely. Abstractive Text Summarizer helps in defining the content by considering the important words and helps in creating summaries that are in a human-readable format. The main aim is to make summaries in such a way that it should not lose its context. Various Neural Network models are employed along with other machine translation models to bring about a concise summary generation.
Virtual Caretaker for Differently Abled People based on IOT
Authors: Amrutha MM  , Ifthiyar SM  , Ajith Kumar K  , Manikanta GS  , Aparna K. S
Published: July 2022

Nowadays it’s very challenging and difficult task to keep track of Physically and Mentally challenged people, because of the hectic life style. According to the survey poll, the world is grappling with the economic and care giving issues faced by mentally and physically challenged children, adults, and the elderly people. Maintaining and supporting these people physically, intellectually, and morally is a service provided by society utilizing many strategies and technical tools. There are numerous complex mental diseases that necessitates the highest level of treatment and medicines. Living with such people is a significant challenge to family members and caretakers. The proposed project closely monitors children and people with physical and mental disabilities and alerts the caretakers, if they are sexually, mentally or physically harmed either by external sources or internal disabilities.
Examining factors affecting youth value of mindful living in a short-term non-formal educational mindfulness program
Authors: Stollar Awan Mariah K , Windon Suzanna R.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine factors that affect youth value of mindful living, namely, selected demographic variables, awareness of mental events, awareness of physical sensations, and non-judgment of emotional experience. This quantitative study utilized a paper and pencil survey method to address the study objective. Study participants were youth who attended the two-hour non-formal educational Mindfulness Moments: Today and 4-Life program in Summer 2019 at 4-H camps. Most of the youth agreed or strongly agreed they valued mindful living. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient test showed a very strong significant association between youth value of mindful living and awareness of mental events and awareness of physical sensations. A moderate significant association was identified between youth value of mindful living and nonjudgement of emotional experience. The results of chi-squared analysis showed a significant relationship between youth value of mindful living and gender. There were not significant relationships found between youth value of mindful living and religiosity and prior experience with mindfulness. Youth who are more aware and mindful during mindfulness programming are more likely to value mindful living. Practitioners of youth mindfulness programs in 4-H camp and other Extension education settings may want to focus on helping youth develop mindfulness skills before emphasizing the value of mindful living, as more mindful youth had higher values of mindful living in this study. Extension professionals may want to give more attention to boys in introductory mindfulness programming. Future studies should study factors that influence youth value of mindful living in other non-formal programming settings, especially 4-H camp and other Extension education settings. Future studies should pilot study surveys and utilize random sample methodology.
Exploring Relationships Between Career Retention Factors and Personal and Professional Characteristics of Illinois Agriculture Teachers
Authors: Solomonson Jay K. , Still Steven M. , Maxwell Lucas D. , Barrowclough Michael J.
Published: July 2022

The shortage of school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teachers in the United States has been a chronic issue for decades. Besides not having sufficient graduates in our teacher preparation programs, the number of SBAE teachers annually leaving the profession further exacerbates the problem. While the reasons why SBAE teachers leave the profession are well-documented, little research has examined career retention factors and the reasons they stay. The purpose of our study was to determine the relationships between selected career retention factors and specific demographic characteristics of SBAE teachers. Using a census design, we administered an electronic questionnaire to all 432 SBAE teachers in Illinois to determine perceived levels of occupational commitment, work engagement, and work-life balance and their relationship to nine demographic characteristics. We found no significant differences among the career retention factors under investigation and sex, marital status, parental status, possessing CASE certification, length of teaching contract, and the number of teachers employed in the agriculture department. However, we did discover that occupational commitment was significantly higher for both SBAE teachers who were fully-state certified and those with an advanced degree. Further, our findings indicate late-career teachers possess significantly higher levels of occupational commitment and work engagement than those in the novice or mid-career professional life stages. A large, positive relationship was found between levels of work engagement and occupational commitment. Two small, negative relationships existed between perceived levels to achieve a work-life balance and both work engagement and occupational commitment. Recommendations for practitioners and researchers are provided.
Finding the Right Channel: An Analysis of Communication Channel Preferences Amongst Potential Extension Clientele
Authors: Carroll Ashley A. , Lamm Kevan W. , Borron Abigail
Published: July 2022

New communication methods and technology continue to emerge and evolve – as do societal trends – making it paramount that Extension professionals stay abreast with the preferred communication channels of potential clientele. By being aware of clients’ preferred communication channels, Extension professionals can increase the number of participants who benefit from their work while also improving the quality of the message being delivered. The present study examined the preferred communication channels of potential Extension clientele specifically when gathering information regarding their community. Specifically, a non-probability opt-in sampling procedure was employed whereby respondent (N = 3,347) communication channel preferences were analyzed from an audience segmentation and uses and gratifications perspective. Overall, the results indicated the most effective channels through which to reach potential Extension clientele under 50 years of age is through the internet and social media, while word of mouth and newspaper are preferred channels for those 50 and over. However, the results of the study indicate there are a variety of potential communication channels with varying degrees of preference among different audiences. Using study results as a starting point to inform communication channel strategy may help to Extension professionals ensure the correct message is provided to the correct audience via the correct channel.
Quetiapine Induced Myocarditis
Authors: GEZER Deniz , KAÇMAZ Caner , YURTSEVER Sencer
Published: July 2022

This article reports myocarditis related to overdose of quetiapine. An 18-year-old female patient who used 25 mg of quetiapine for anxiety disorder attempted suicide with twenty quetiapine pills. The patient developed palpitations, shortness of breath, pleuritic chest pain, and confusion in the emergency room. ST-elevation and right bundle branch block were detected on D1-aVL lead in the patient's ECG. The cardiac markers were significantly elevated. The patient was hospitalized and treated in the internal medicine intensive care unit. Drug-induced myocarditis was resolved by two weeks of treatment. This case report presents a case of myocarditis induced by quetiapine overdose.
Buyer behaviour of fabrication customers at Afrox
Authors:   , Naidoo Rajendra
Published: July 2022

Industrial buying stands for more than half the whole economic activity in industrialised countries. Therefore, it is important to understand how customers of Afrox perform buying activities. The fabrication industry is a fast growing industry and is, therefore, interesting to study. The understanding of the buying behaviour of industrial organisations is of paramount importance to the industrial marketer. The study is a quantitative, cross sectional and descriptive investigation into buyer behaviour in the fabrication industry of Afrox. It highlights that industrial buyer behaviour has an extensive area, both for the practical marketer as well as from an academic perspective. As the fabrication industry is once again expanding, it is of essence to understand the buying behaviour in this industry. This report has the intention of highlighting how industrial buyer behaviour can be described in the fabrication industry. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the characteristics of industrial buying behaviour of fabrication customers at Afrox. The purpose has been further developed in forms of research questions dealing with the buying process, buyer behaviour, buying centre and buyer choice criteria. The sample studied is from a current company data base. With regard to the buying process, the most significant factors are price, quality, and technical capability.
The role of relationship marketing at non-profit organisations in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Hussain Sameera Banu
Published: July 2022

In South Africa, non-profit organisations were seen as vocal and active players in the struggle against apartheid. During the country’s transition period, non-profit organisations played a central role in mitigating the effects of apartheid’s unequal development and in mobilising opposition to the apartheid state. With the focus moving towards service delivery, non-profit organisations have continued to play a major role in filling gaps and advocating on behalf of those living in poverty. Non-profit organisations do not operate to advance their own interests, instead, they use society’s resources and goodwill to meet society’s needs. In the poor economic environment, stakeholders are unfortunately looking to cut back and save resources. It therefore becomes more critical for non-profit organisations to adopt relevant strategies to reach more stakeholders and to keep them involved and motivated. One such strategy that can be adopted is marketing, in particular relationship marketing. This study therefore sets out to investigate the role of relationship marketing within non-profit organisations in KwaZulu-Natal. A thorough overview of the literature was undertaken, mainly to investigate the nature of the non-profit sector in general as well as in South Africa, its marketing and the impact of relationship marketing. A mixed methodology was employed for this study. A census study using questionnaires was used to collect quantitative data whilst qualitative data was collected using a face-to-face, semi-structured interview schedule. The findings revealed that funding has become the main constraint faced by the non-profit sector. Many non-profit organisations have employed marketing tactics to assist them in promotion and fundraising. Relationship marketing was identified as a concept which can assist the non-profit organisations in building and maintaining relationships with their stakeholders. Respondents further positioned communication as the central point for relationship building. The results of the data analysis led to the creation of a framework which outlines the role of relationship marketing at non-profit organisations. This study has clearly indicated that relationship marketing forms a powerful strategy that non-profit organisations should apply to manage long-term relationships with their key stakeholders.
Exploring fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) small, medium and micro enterprises (SMME) manufacturers need for innovation to achieve growth in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Nze Grace O.
Published: July 2022

This study explores South African Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) SMME manufacturers’ need for innovation to achieve growth in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). South Africa suffers from a high rate of unemployment, with an official unemployment rate estimate of 24.7% (Statistics South Africa, 2013). This high rate of unemployment in South Africa is partly attributed to the failure rate of SMMEs, which is between seventy and eighty percent. Small enterprises encounter greater barriers than medium-sized and large enterprises in accessing finance for innovation, commercializing new ideas and expanding their businesses. The study was exploratory and quantitative in nature. Questionnaires and interviews were used to gather data. The questionnaires were distributed personally and with the help of a research assistant to the business sites of the respondents. The respondents comprise 120 FMCG SMME manufacturers in KZN, who were selected by means of a non-probability sampling method. The results obtained identified a number of factors influencing innovation for FMCG SMME manufacturers to achieve growth. The influencing factors include a lack of financial skill and knowledge; high cost or complex procedures to register or defend patents; a lack of information on the part of employers on how to satisfy consumers’ interest; a lack of technological know-how and human capital problems; difficulty in accessing finance for research and development; government laws and regulations; new entrant threats and protocols; and a lack of product brand name.
Nonviolent campaigns in Zimbabwe, 1999 to 2013 : strategies, methods and effectiveness
Authors:   , Hove Mediel
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the effectiveness of the strategies and methods that were employed by non-state actors as they engaged the state in nonviolent campaigns in order to address the socio-economic and political challenges experienced in Zimbabwe between 1999 and 2013. Using a combination of exploratory, descriptive and evaluative methods, the study argues that the nonviolent campaigns used in Zimbabwe were in the short term successful despite the state’s violent responses, which were at their peak during the run up to elections. The findings reveal that Women of Zimbabwe Arise, the Zimbabwe National Students’ Union and the National Constitutional Assembly among other non-state actors were effective in the short term. As a result Zimbabwe stands out as a plausible example where nonviolence as a strategy failed to end a brutal regime but enabled the non-state actor (the Movement for Democratic Change) to gain popular civilian support through its effective engagement of nonviolent strategies and methods. It was just its failure to estrange some of the pillars of violence (some members of the military, the police and the intelligence system) which curtailed the democratically elected opposition to get in into power. However, the brutal state responses directly and indirectly triggered a severe socio-economic and political down turn. This became apparent in the health, education, and water and sanitation services that were on the verge of collapse; increased corruption, growing displacement and emigration of Zimbabweans, and withdrawal of external support. The study concludes that the failure of nonviolent campaigns was partly a result of limited knowledge among Zimbabweans about what nonviolence involves, state brutality, poor planning and lack of patience by non-state actors and their resort to violence instead of sticking to nonviolence. It is nonetheless imperative to encourage civic society to cultivate a culture of nonviolence through the use of various agents of socialization which include the: home, school and the media.
Assessing the effectiveness of a customer loyalty programme as marketing tool in the Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife resorts
Authors:   , Dube Simphiwe Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

In the hospitality industry, the costs associated with promotions and advertising efforts are greater than those of maintaining relationships with existing customers. However, customer loyalty programmes have been discovered and promoted by different marketing managers and marketing experts in the different industries, as a most prominent and paramount business marketing tool in ensuring customer retention. The purpose of this research study is to assess the effectiveness of a Customer Loyalty Programme as a marketing tool in the Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (EKZNW) Resorts. This study strategy is quantitative in nature because of its capability to attain a large number of respondents in a short space of time. The target population of this study is the customer loyalty members of EKZNW, in eight different resorts. Descriptive research was found to be relevant and appropriate for this study. A non-probability sampling, with a convenience sampling technique, was adopted for this research study, to recruit members of the EKZNW Rhino Club’s loyalty programme as participants. It was adopted because it allows for quick gathering of data and is also representative of the population. The sample size for data collection was conducted with 376 respondents that are loyalty programme members of EKZNW. A questionnaire was developed as measuring instrument, with the questions designed to be closed-ended. These questionnaires were personally distributed to the respondents in all the selected resorts of EKZNW. The findings of the study indicated that the majority of tourists holding EKZNW loyalty programme membership are happy with being Rhino Club members, however, some are not satisfied with the incentives provided. They recommend that the Rhino Card should be designed to allow them to also use it in other provinces’ game parks.
The management of electronic waste : a case study of the Umbogintwini Industrial Complex and Southgate Business Park in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors:   , Govender Krishna
Published: July 2022

The phenomenal growth in the number of electronic devices in use has given rise to a huge increase in the volume of electronic waste (e-waste) generated. Electronic waste is comprised of toxic materials and chemicals, and if it is not disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner, it poses serious risk to the environment and to human health. The perceived limited knowledge about the harmful effects of e-waste and the potential economic benefit of e-waste recycling in South Africa motivated this study. The study area consisted of two large industrial parks in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal; namely, the Umbogintwini Industrial Complex and the adjacent Southgate Business Park. A total of 313 organisations are located within the study area, which is spread over approximately 550 hectares. Based on the findings of the study, it is estimated that the Umbogintwini Industrial Complex and the Southgate Business Park would generate approximately 593 tons of e-waste between the period 2015 and 2020, averaging approximately 119 tons per year. Although South Africa is classified as a developing country, it is the most developed country in Africa, and if one were to extrapolate the potential volume of e-waste generated for five years from the study area to the rest of KwaZulu-Natal’s industrial parks, then in five years, the province’s industrial parks would generate approximately 3 340 tons of e-waste. The study also revealed that there is no effective e-waste management strategy in place within the Umbogintwini Industrial Complex or the Southgate Business Park. A positive finding of the study was that the majority of the organisations surveyed were in favour of a proper e-waste management strategy at both the study sites, and would support the development of an e-waste recycling plant in this industrial zone.
The influence of transformation on financial performance of operational level of retail businesses : a case study
Authors:   , Simamane Xolani Protus
Published: July 2022

The retail industry is arguably one the most prosperous sectors in the global economy. Retail’s importance lies in the fact that it serves as an intermediary between producers and consumers. Given its significance in the everyday lives of people in communities and its role in national economies, the industry operates under extensive competition driven by growth in Information Technology which has dramatically changed the consumption patterns and buying behavior of consumers today. The changes are greatly influenced by different economic factors that impose change in the industry and impact on the bottom line of businesses. Thus, retailers are constantly realigning their businesses in ways that ensure that old customers are kept and new ones are sourced. It is from the foregoing that this study sets out to investigate the influence of transformation on the financial performance of the operational level of retail businesses: A case study. Using a quantitative research method, the study focused on 101 middle level branch managers of The South African Post Office obtained through the simple random technique. The questionnaires were administered to the branch managers and the data obtained was analysed using SPSS software. Findings from the study revealed that the overall business transformation has a positive impact on the financial performance of businesses. The results further revealed that continuous communication with regards to transformation inspires confidence among employees, thereby leading to productivity and the achievement of organisational goals and objectives. Findings also suggest that productive employees contribute positively to the financial performance of the business. The study recommends that retail businesses should consider overall business transformation in terms of structural design change, Information Technology, products and services and employee motivation to keep business relevant in the ever-changing global economy.
Building infrastructures for peace : an action research project in Nigeria
Authors:   , Irene Oseremen
Published: July 2022

Nigeria has witnessed a plethora of conflicts and violence especially since her post independent era. Direct and structural violence as well as cultural violence have largely dotted her history. The various nature of violence that have over the years keeps the country teetering at the verge of precipice include, resource-based conflict in the Niger Delta, indigenes-settlers conflicts, gender-based conflicts, ethno-religious conflicts, electoral cum political conflicts and the recent Boko Haram violent menace that has claimed at least 13,000 lives in Nigeria. There have been attempts by government and civil society organisations to curb violence in the country. However, their limited apparent success and the extent of violence underlines the need for alternative approaches to build peace in Nigeria. Building infrastructures for peace is one such alternative. Using an action research approach, the research focusses on establishing peace clubs in four high schools and implementing a programme for a 12 month period.
Focus on the process in second language writing and the importance of scaffolding
Authors: Oštarić Marina
Published: July 2022

This article describes the nature of second language writing as process-oriented and discusses the possibility of using the concept of scaffolding in addressing difficulties of mastering such an important communicative aspect of a second language. Development of different approaches to second language learning and writing is described in the context of communicative competence. Next, the process approach to second language writing is described and discussed as a beneficial approach while considering the complexity of second language writing instruction. Finally, the concept of scaffolding is presented as a pedagogical tool in addressing the need for assistance and support in the process, but also as a factor in teacher-learner interaction that might be worth of further research.
Comparison of online teaching using IT technologies and the classic form of teaching in classrooms
Authors: Varga Matija
Published: July 2022

The paper on the topic: "Comparison of online teaching using IT technologies and the classic form of teaching in classrooms" presents the results of a survey that proves: which is the most practical form of teaching for respondents to acquire knowledge; in relation to the classical form of teaching, in which subjects the classic form of teaching is better (in the classroom) for easier acquisition of knowledge in relation to the online form, whether the respondents used LMS systems (learning management systems) in certain subjects, which LMS systems were used by respondents during online classes, did respondents work in classes with LMS systems during the classic way of teaching, what is the opinion of respondents about which are more practical systems for teaching, whether it is easier and more practical to participate (according to in their opinion) in online teaching (during online teaching) from general education subjects or vocational subjects, which online teaching tool respondents used most often, whether respondents use further tools (“use tools today”) that were intended for online teaching (during COVID) in the teaching process to facilitate acquisition knowledge and easier access to materials in digital form and what is the opinion of the respondents on the objectivity of assessment according to their experience, taking into account the time of online teaching and the time of the classic form of teaching.
Digitalni izvori informacija o semiotičkim elementima marki poznatih proizvoda
Authors: Čolić Mile , Dunđer Ivan , Vlačić Ernest
Published: July 2022

Danas se na internetu u znatnoj mjeri razni proizvodi prezentiraju u obliku slikovnih i simboličkih sadržaja koji predstavljaju određene informacije, a time digitalni izvori informacija o proizvodima sve više dobivaju na značenju. Internet kao novi medij ima snažan utjecaj na promociju svake marke proizvoda te se uvelike koristi za marketinške aktivnosti korporacija. Semiotika kao znanost bavi se proučavanjem znakova, a promatrano iz perspektive teorije informacija proučava značenje znakova u procesu prijenosa informacija. Svaka marka proizvoda, uz pretpostavku da posjeduje potrebnu kvalitetu i svojstva, svoj tržišni uspjeh postiže učinkovitom komunikacijom prema krajnjem korisniku. Drugim riječima, da bi proizvod danas uspio i opstao na tržištu, nužno je da za širu skupinu potrošača postane prihvatljiv i poželjan znak. Iz tog razloga svaki proizvod definiran je markom proizvoda, a osnovni elementi marke proizvoda su naziv marke, znak marke ili logo, slogan te zaštitni znak. Cilj ovoga rada je ukazati na tržišnu ovisnost proizvoda o kvalitetnom oglašavanju i označavanju, te na primjeru uspješnih stranih i domaćih proizvoda istražiti smislenost prepoznatljive promocije koja je određena kvalitetnim označavanjem. Temeljno istraživačko pitanje u ovom radu jest u kojoj mjeri pomno osmišljeni slogani određuju prepoznatljivost semiotičkih elemenata marki proizvoda na internetu. U radu je provedena kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza semiotičkih elemenata marki stranih i hrvatskih proizvoda na internetu te su utvrđene vrijednosti za naziv marke, logo i slogan.
Ocjenjivanje rada policijskih službenika kao instrument upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima u policiji
Authors: Vrkić Ante , Orlović Ante , Vrkić Anđela
Published: July 2022

Ocjenjivanje rada policijskih službenika esencijalni je model evaluacije (vrednovanja) rada i rezultata rada u policiji. Predmetno ocjenjivanje uređeno je odgovarajućim pravnim okvirom – Zakonom o policiji i Pravilnikom o ocjenjivanju policijskih službenika. Godišnja ocjena je odgovarajuća povratna informacija policijskom službeniku o obilježjima i rezultatima njegova rada u prethodnoj godini. Godišnja ocjena ima relevantne reperkusije na radnu motivaciju policijskih službenika kao i na njihov radnopravni status. Ocjenjivanja rada i godišnja ocjena važni su instrumenti upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima. U svezi s obilježjima ocjenjivanja rada policijskih službenika provedeno je empirijsko istraživanje i to metodom ispitivanja uz pomoć anketnog upitnika. Ispitanici (N=50) su bili policijski službenici Policijske uprave zadarske. Istraživanjem su obuhvaćena četiri istraživačka područja i to ocjenjivanje rada (kao instrument menadžmenta); godišnja ocjena; ocjenjivački obrazac te ocjenjivački postupak. Istraživanjem prikupljeni podaci obrađivani su pomoću statističko-informatičkog programa SPSS uporabom odgovarajućih statističkih tehnika iz domene deskriptivne i inferencijalne (neparametrijske) statistike. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju postojanje percepcije o prisutnosti različitih manjkavosti (subjektivnih, objektivnih) u sustavu ocjenjivanja rada policijskih službenika koje u bitnome otežavaju ostvarivanje svrhe ocjenjivanja uređene spomenutim pravnim okvirom. Godišnja ocjena morala bi biti objektivna, vjerodostojna i radno-motivirajuća, a postupak njezina donošenja transparentan, logičan i pravedan. U tom smislu postoje brojni izazovi, ali i prilike da se sustav ocjenjivanja unaprijedi te u perspektivi postane relevantan instrument policijskog menadžmenta. Daljnja istraživanja predmetne problematike trebaju biti sustavna, obuhvatna i dubinska. U njih bi trebale biti involvirane specijalizirane organizacijske jedinice nadležne za upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima u policiji sa svrhom implementacije dobivenih rezultata u razvoj sustava ocjenjivanja rada policijskih službenika.
Ben-Gurion's Attack on Mapam, 1953: Ideology as Politics
Authors: Elmaliach Tal , Gutwein Danny
Published: July 2022

In January-April 1953, under the pen name ‘Saba Shel Yariv’ (Yariv’s grandfather), Ben-Gurion published a series of articles in the newspaper Davar titled ‘On Communism and Zionism in Hashomer Hatzair.’ The series launched a fiercely disparaging attack on the leadership of the Mapam party, Hakibbutz Haartzi and Hashomer Hatzair youth movement owing to their docile support of the Soviet Union. Current research considers BG’s articles in the series as an ideological and educational move in his struggle with Mapam over the hearts and minds of Israel’s elite youth. However, this view is disputable since it fails to take into account the political and ideological weakness Mapam demonstrated in its near-blind support for the Soviet Block. Our contention is rather that Ben-Gurion’s main political concern at the time was not left-wing Mapam but the rise of the right-wing Zionim Klalyim (General Zionists) party which had channeled public dissatisfaction with Mapai and the ‘Bolshevik’ policies of the Histadrut. Hence, Ben-Gurion lashed out at Mapam in order to portray Mapai under his leadership as a bulwark against Communism and Stalinism and the only bridge between Israel and the West. Likewise, Ben-Gurion used the series to take on the influential Me’orer circle of Mapai which was challenging his socioeconomic policies from a socialist pioneering point of view.