bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Bone Homeostasis by Balancing Inflammatory Cytokine Signaling in CBS-Deficient Mice through an Epigenetic Mechanism
Authors: Behera Jyotirmaya , Kelly Kimberly E. , Voor Michael J. , Metreveli Naira , Tyagi Suresh C. , Tyagi Neetu
Published: October 2018

Previously, we have shown hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) to have a detrimental effect on bone remodeling, which is associated with osteoporosis. During transsulfuration, Hcy is metabolized into hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter molecule known to regulate bone formation. Therefore, in the present study, we examined whether H2S ameliorates HHcy induced epigenetic and molecular alterations leading to osteoporotic bone loss. To test this mechanism, we employed cystathionine-beta-synthase heterozygote knockout mice, fed with a methionine rich diet (CBS+/− +Met), supplemented with H2S-donor NaHS for 8 weeks. Treatment with NaHS, normalizes plasma H2S, and completely prevents trabecular bone loss in CBS+/− mice. Our data showed that HHcy caused inhibition of HDAC3 activity and subsequent inflammation by imbalancing redox homeostasis. The mechanistic study revealed that inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) are transcriptionally activated by an acetylated lysine residue in histone (H3K27ac) of chromatin by binding to its promoter and subsequently regulating gene expression. A blockade of HDAC3 inhibition in CBS+/− mice by HDAC activator ITSA-1, led to the remodeling of histone landscapes in the genome and thereby attenuated histone acetylation-dependent inflammatory signaling. We also confirmed that RUNX2 was sulfhydrated by administration of NaHS. Collectively, restoration of H2S may provide a novel treatment for CBS-deficiency induced metabolic osteoporosis.
Brain regions modulated during covert visual attention in the macaque
Authors: Bogadhi Amarender R. , Bollimunta Anil , Leopold David A. , Krauzlis Richard J.
Published: October 2018

Neurophysiological studies of covert visual attention in monkeys have emphasized the modulation of sensory neural responses in the visual cortex. At the same time, electrophysiological correlates of attention have been reported in other cortical and subcortical structures, and recent fMRI studies have identified regions across the brain modulated by attention. Here we used fMRI in two monkeys performing covert attention tasks to reproduce and extend these findings in order to help establish a more complete list of brain structures involved in the control of attention. As expected from previous studies, we found attention-related modulation in frontal, parietal and visual cortical areas as well as the superior colliculus and pulvinar. We also found significant attention-related modulation in cortical regions not traditionally linked to attention – mid-STS areas (anterior FST and parts of IPa, PGa, TPO), as well as the caudate nucleus. A control experiment using a second-order orientation stimulus showed that the observed modulation in a subset of these mid-STS areas did not depend on visual motion. These results identify the mid-STS areas (anterior FST and parts of IPa, PGa, TPO) and caudate nucleus as potentially important brain regions in the control of covert visual attention in monkeys.
Pollination networks along the sea-inland gradient reveal landscape patterns of keystone plant species
Authors: Fantinato E. , Del Vecchio S. , Silan G. , Buffa G.
Published: October 2018

Linking the functional role of plants and pollinators in pollination networks to ecosystem functioning and resistance to perturbations can represent a valuable knowledge to implement sound conservation and monitoring programs. The aim of this study was to assess the resistance of pollination networks in coastal dune systems and to test whether pollination interactions have an explicit spatial configuration and whether this affect network resistance. To this aim, we placed six permanent 10 m-wide belt transects. Within each transect we placed five plots of 2 m x 2 m, in order to catch the different plant communities along the dune sequence. We monitored pollination interactions between plants and pollinators every 15 days during the overall flowering season. The resulting networks of pollination interactions showed a relatively low degree of resistance. However, they had a clear spatial configuration, with plant species differently contributing to the resistance of pollination networks occurring non-randomly from the seashore inland. Our results evidenced that beside contributing to the creation and maintenance of dune ridges, thereby protecting inland communities from environmental disturbance, plant species of drift line and shifting dune communities have also a crucial function in conferring resistance to coastal dune pollination networks.
Growth dynamics and complexity of national economies in the global trade network
Authors: Teza Gianluca , Caraglio Michele , Stella Attilio L.
Published: October 2018

We explore the quantitative nexus among economic growth of a country, diversity and specialization of its productions, and evolution in time of its basket of exports. To this purpose we set up a dynamic model and construct economic complexity measures based on panel data concerning up to 1238 exports of 223 countries for 21 years. Key statistical features pertaining to the distribution of resources in the different exports of each country reveal essential in both cases. The parameters entering the evolution model, combined with counterfactual analyses of synthetic simulations, give novel insight into cooperative effects among different productions and prospects of growth of each economy. The complexity features emerging from the analysis of dynamics are usefully compared with gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) and with an original measure of the efficiency of the economic systems. This measure, whose construction starts from an estimate of bare diversity in terms of Shannon’s entropy function, is made fully consistent with the degree of specialization of the products. Comparisons of this measure with the model parameters allow clear distinctions, from multiple perspectives, among developed, emerging, underdeveloped and risky economies.
Mitigating the contrail cirrus climate impact by reducing aircraft soot number emissions
Authors: Burkhardt Ulrike , Bock Lisa , Bier Andreas
Published: October 2018

Contrail cirrus are a major component of the climate forcing due to air traffic. For a given contrail cirrus cover, ice water content and ice crystal shape, their impact on radiation is dependent on the number and size of ice crystals. Here we use a global climate model to study the impact of a reduction in initially formed ice crystal numbers, as may be caused by reduced soot number emissions. We find that for reduced initial ice crystal numbers the ice water content is decreased and ice crystal sizes increased, leading to a reduction in contrail cirrus optical depth and doubling the fraction of contrail cirrus that cannot be detected by satellite remote sensing. Contrail cirrus lifetimes and coverage are strongly reduced leading to significant reductions in contrail cirrus radiative forcing. The global climate impact of contrail cirrus is nonlinearly dependent on the reduction in initial ice crystal numbers. A reduction in the initial ice crystal number of 80% leads to a decrease in contrail cirrus radiative forcing by 50%, whereas a twofold reduction leads to a decrease in radiative forcing by approximately 20%. Only a few contrail cirrus outbreaks explain a large percentage of the climate impact. The contrail cirrus climate impact can be effectively mitigated by reducing initial ice crystal concentrations in such outbreak situations. Our results are important for assessments dealing with mitigating the climate impact of aviation and discussions about the use of alternative fuels or lean combustion in aviation.
Population genomic analyses of the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L., provide insights into its domestication process
Authors: Cornejo Omar E. , Yee Muh-Ching , Dominguez Victor , Andrews Mary , Sockell Alexandra , Strandberg Erika , Livingstone Donald , Stack Conrad , Romero Alberto , Umaharan Pathmanathan , Royaert Stefan , Tawari Nilesh R. , Ng Pauline , Gutierrez Osman , Phillips Wilbert , Mockaitis Keithanne , Bustamante Carlos D. , Motamayor Juan C.
Published: October 2018

Domestication has had a strong impact on the development of modern societies. We sequenced 200 genomes of the chocolate plant Theobroma cacao L. to show for the first time to our knowledge that a single population, the Criollo population, underwent strong domestication ~3600 years ago (95% CI: 2481–13,806 years ago). We also show that during the process of domestication, there was strong selection for genes involved in the metabolism of the colored protectants anthocyanins and the stimulant theobromine, as well as disease resistance genes. Our analyses show that domesticated populations of T. cacao (Criollo) maintain a higher proportion of high-frequency deleterious mutations. We also show for the first time the negative consequences of the increased accumulation of deleterious mutations during domestication on the fitness of individuals (significant reduction in kilograms of beans per hectare per year as Criollo ancestry increases, as estimated from a GLM, P = 0.000425).
Intramolecular interaction suggests an autosuppression mechanism for the innate immune adaptor protein MyD88
Authors: Uno Masatoshi , Watanabe-Nakayama Takahiro , Konno Hiroki , Akagi Ken-ichi , Tsutsumi Naotaka , Fukao Toshiyuki , Shirakawa Masahiro , Ohnishi Hidenori , Tochio Hidehito
Published: October 2018

An autosupression of MyD88 is regulated by the intramolecular interaction between TIRMyD88 and DDMyD88.
A benzoquinone-derived porous hydrophenazine framework for efficient and reversible iodine capture
Authors: Jie Kecheng , Chen Hao , Zhang Pengfei , Guo Wei , Li Meijun , Yang Zhenzhen , Dai Sheng
Published: October 2018

A type of benzoquinone-derived porous organic polymer with hydrophenazine linkages, porous hydrophenazine frameworks, has been developed.
A one dimensional coordination polymer composed of antiferromagnetically coupled disk-like [Mn7] units
Authors: Yang En-Che , Huang Han-Sheng , Huang Shao-Yun , Huang Shi-Yi , Chang Yu-Ying , Lee Gene-Hsiang , Sheu Hwo-Shuenn , Chang Chung-Kai
Published: October 2018

A single-chain magnet (SCM) was constructed from disk-like Mn7 clusters linked by azide units.
The structures and properties of anionic tryptophan complexes
Authors: Ieritano Christian , Featherstone Joshua , Carr Patrick J. J. , Marta Rick A. , Loire Estelle , McMahon Terrance B. , Hopkins W. Scott
Published: October 2018

IRMPD spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations are employed to identify π–π interactions in ionic tryptophan clusters.
Monitoring cis-to-trans isomerization of azobenzene using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Zhou Lu , Chen Ligang , Ren Guanhua , Zhu Zhongjie , Zhao Hongwei , Wang Huabin , Zhang Weili , Han Jiaguang
Published: October 2018

We present terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) to explore the conformational dynamics of thermally induced and photoinduced isomerization of azobenzene.
Polydopamine and eumelanin models in various oxidation states
Authors: Chen Chun-Teh , Buehler Markus J.
Published: October 2018

The most stable molecular structures of PDA and eumelanin are proposed.
Nonrelativistic energy levels of HD
Authors: Pachucki Krzysztof , Komasa Jacek
Published: October 2018

Nonadiabatic exponential functions are employed to solve the four-body Schrödinger equation.
Highly potent half-sandwich iridium and ruthenium complexes as lysosome-targeted imaging and anticancer agents
Authors: Li JuanJuan , Tian Zhenzhen , Xu Zhishan , Zhang Shumiao , Feng Yaqian , Zhang Lingdong , Liu Zhe
Published: October 2018

A new class of half-sandwich Ir and Ru compounds containing P^P-chelating ligands can be developed as potential multifunctional theranostic platforms that combine bioimaging and anticancer capabilities.
Computational insights into the inhibition of β-haematin crystallization by antimalarial drugs
Authors: Delpe Acharige Anjana M. D. S. , Brennan Mark P. C. , Lauder Kate , McMahon Fiona , Odebunmi Adesola O. , Durrant Marcus C.
Published: October 2018

Combined DFT and molecular modelling calculations on ten different antimalarial drugs lead to a general model for their inhibition of β-haematin crystal growth.
Atomic/molecular layer deposition of Cu–organic thin films
Authors: Hagen D. J. , Mai L. , Devi A. , Sainio J. , Karppinen M.
Published: October 2018

The gas-phase atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) technique is strongly emerging as a viable approach for fabricating new exciting inorganic–organic hybrid thin-film materials. Here we report new ALD/MLD processes for copper-based hybrid materials based on five different organic precursors.
Beneficial use of rotatable-spacer side-chains in alkaline anion exchange membranes for fuel cells
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Ding Liang , Liang Xian , Shehzad Muhammad A. , Wang Lianqin , Ge Xiaolin , He Yubin , Wu Liang , Varcoe John R. , Xu Tongwen
Published: October 2018

Rotatable spacer increases the motions of ionic side-chain to accelerate both ion and H2O transport during fuel cell operation.
Direct conversion of shrimp shells to O-acylated chitin with antibacterial and anti-tumor effects by natural deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Feng Mi , Lu Xingmei , Zhang Jie , Li Yi , Shi Chunyan , Lu Lingling , Zhang Suojiang
Published: October 2018

O-Acylated chitin was obtained directly from shrimp shells using ChCl/RCOOH (NADESs), which exhibited good antibacterial and anti-tumor effects.
Photophysical studies of pyrenyl cyanostyrenes: effect of trifluoromethyl substitution on gelation
Authors: Katla Jagadish , Ojha Abhijeet , Nair Akshay J. M. , Rangan Krishnan , Kanvah Sriram
Published: October 2018

Efficient organogel formation with CF3 substituted styrylpyrenes.
An in situ study of chemical-mechanical polishing behaviours on sapphire (0001) via simulating the chemical product-removal process by AFM-tapping mode in both liquid and air environments
Authors: Shi Xiaolei , Xu Li , Zhou Yan , Zou Chunli , Wang Rongrong , Pan Guoshun
Published: October 2018

We present an in situ study of chemical-mechanical polishing behaviours on sapphire (0001) via simulating the chemical product-removal process by AFM-tapping mode.
Adsorption and diffusion of lithium polysulfides over blue phosphorene for Li–S batteries
Authors: Mukherjee Sankha , Kavalsky Lance , Chattopadhyay Kinnor , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: October 2018

Defect engineering of blue phosphorene in lithium–sulphur (Li–S) batteries allows for greater specific capacities and faster rate-capabilities.
Thermoplastic polyacetals: chemistry from the past for a sustainable future?
Authors: Hufendiek Andrea , Lingier Sophie , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: October 2018

This review serves as a guide to the synthesis and applications of thermoplastic polyacetals, highlighting in particular sustainability and degradability aspects.
Allostery and dynamics in small G proteins
Authors: Mott Helen R. , Owen Darerca
Published: October 2018

The Ras family of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins behave as molecular switches: they are switched off and inactive when bound to GDP but can be activated by GTP binding in response to signal transduction pathways. Early structural analysis showed that two regions of the protein, which change conformation depending on the nucleotide present, mediate this switch. A large number of X-ray, NMR and simulation studies have shown that this is an over-simplification. The switch regions themselves are highly dynamic and can exist in distinct sub-states in the GTP-bound form that have different affinities for other proteins. Furthermore, regions outside the switches have been found to be sensitive to the nucleotide state of the protein, indicating that allosteric change is more widespread than previously thought. Taken together, the accrued knowledge about small G protein structures, allostery and dynamics will be essential for the design and testing of the next generation of inhibitors, both orthosteric and allosteric, as well as for understanding their mode of action.
Fast method for analysing nonlinear composite right/left‐handed transmission lines based on finite‐difference time‐domain method
Authors: Kouhpayeh‐Zadeh‐Esfahani Sedigheh , Abdipour Abdolali , Afrooz Kambiz
Published: October 2018

In this study, a new finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) scheme is presented for analysing nonlinear composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) transmission lines, with reduction of the central processing unit time. A step by step analysis is demonstrated to solve the equations for nonlinear CRLH transmission lines based on the FDTD method. The proposed method is applied to a nonlinear CRLH transmission line as an example and the results are confirmed by those of the conventional FDTD method. The comparisons reveal that the presented solution efficiently decreases by about 82% of the computational time consumption.
ALMA observations of the young protostellar system Barnard 1b: Signatures of an incipient hot corino in B1b-S
Authors: Marcelino N. , Gerin M. , Cernicharo J. , Fuente A. , Wootten H. A. , Chapillon E. , Pety J. , Lis D. C. , Roueff E. , Commerçon B. , Ciardi A.
Published: October 2018

The Barnard 1b core shows signatures of being at the earliest stages of low-mass star formation, with two extremely young and deeply embedded proto-stellar objects. Hence, this core is an ideal target to study the structure and chemistry of the first objects formed in the collapse of prestellar cores. We present ALMA Band 6 spectral line observations at ~0.6″ of angular resolution towards Barnard 1b. We have extracted the spectra towards both protostars, and used a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) model to reproduce the observed line profiles. B1b-S shows rich and complex spectra, with emission from high energy transitions of complex molecules, such as CH3OCOH and CH3CHO, including vibrational level transitions. We have tentatively detected for the first time in this source emission from NH2CN, NH2CHO, CH3CH2OH, CH2OHCHO, CH3CH2OCOH and both aGg′ and gGg′ conformers of (CH2OH)2. This is the first detection of ethyl formate (CH3CH2OCOH) towards a low-mass star forming region. On the other hand, the spectra of the FHSC candidate B1b-N are free of COMs emission. In order to fit the observed line profiles in B1b-S, we used a source model with two components: an inner hot and compact component (200 K, 0.35″) and an outer and colder one (60 K, 0.6″). The resulting COM abundances in B1b-S range from 10−13 for NH2CN and NH2CHO, up to 10−9 for CH3OCOH. Our ALMA Band 6 observations reveal the presence of a compact and hot component in B1b-S, with moderate abundances of complex organics. These results indicate that a hot corino is being formed in this very young Class 0 source.
The OTELO survey
Authors: Bongiovanni Ángel , Ramón-Pérez Marina , Pérez García Ana María , Cepa Jordi , Cerviño Miguel , Nadolny Jakub , Pérez Martínez Ricardo , Alfaro Emilio , Castañeda Héctor O. , de Diego José A. , Ederoclite Alessandro , Fernández-Lorenzo Mirian , Gallego Jesús , González José Jesús , González-Serrano José Ignacio , Lara-López Maritza A. , Oteo Gómez Iván , Padilla Torres Carmen P. , Pintos-Castro Irene , Pović Mirjana , Sánchez-Portal Miguel , Jones Heath , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Cabrera-Lavers Antonio
Published: October 2018

Context. The evolution of galaxies through cosmic time is studied observationally by means of extragalactic surveys. The usefulness of these surveys is greatly improved by increasing the cosmological volume, in either depth or area, and by observing the same targets in different wavelength ranges. A multi-wavelength approach using different observational techniques can compensate for observational biases.

Aims. The OTELO survey aims to provide the deepest narrow-band survey to date in terms of minimum detectable flux and emission line equivalent width in order to detect the faintest extragalactic emission line systems. In this way, OTELO data will complements other broad-band, narrow-band, and spectroscopic surveys.

Methods. The red tunable filter of the OSIRIS instrument on the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) is used to scan a spectral window centred at 9175 Å, which is free from strong sky emission lines, with a sampling interval of 6 Å and a bandwidth of 12 Å in the most deeply explored EGS region. Careful data reduction using improved techniques for sky ring subtraction, accurate astrometry, photometric calibration, and source extraction enables us to compile the OTELO catalogue. This catalogue is complemented with ancillary data ranging from deep X-ray to far-infrared, including high resolution HST images, which allow us to segregate the different types of targets, derive precise photometric redshifts, and obtain the morphological classification of the extragalactic objects detected.

Results. The OTELO multi-wavelength catalogue contains 11 237 entries and is 50% complete at AB magnitude 26.38. Of these sources, 6600 have photometric redshifts with an uncertaintyδ zphotbetter than 0.2 (1+zphot). A total of 4336 of these sources correspond to preliminary emission line candidates, which are complemented by 81 candidate stars and 483 sources that qualify as absorption line systems. The OTELO survey results will be released to the public on the second half of 2019.
The “memory” of the Oort cloud
Authors: Fouchard Marc , Higuchi Arika , Ito Takashi , Maquet Lucie
Published: October 2018

Aims. Our aim in this paper is to try to discover if we can find any record of the Oort cloud formation process in the orbital distribution of currently observable long-periodic comets.

Methods. Long-term simulations of tens of millions of comets from two different kinds of proto-Oort clouds (isotropic and disk-like) were performed. In these simulations we considered the Galactic tides, stellar passage, and planetary perturbations.

Results. In the case of an initially disk-like proto-Oort cloud, the final Oort cloud remains anisotroic inside of about 13 200 au. A record of the initial shape is preserved, here referred to as the “memory”, even on the final distribution of observable comets. This memory is measurable in particular for observable comets for which the previous perihelion was beyond 10 au and that were significantly affected by Uranus or Neptune at that moment (the so-called Kaib-Quinn jumpers observable class). Indeed, these comets are strongly concentrated along an extended scattered disk that is the remnant of the initial population 1 Gyr before the comets are observable. In addition, for this class of comets, the distributions of ecliptic inclination and Galactic longitude of the ascending node at the previous perihelion preceding the observable perihelion highlight characteristics that are not present in the isotropic model. Furthermore, the disk-like model produces four times more observable comets than the isotropic one, and its flux is independent of the initial distribution of orbital energy. Also for the disk-like model, the region beyond Neptune up to ~40 au gives the major contribution to the final flux of observable comets.

Conclusions. The disk-like model sustains a flux of observable comets that are more consistent with the actually observed flux than using the isotropic model. However, further investigations are needed to reveal whether a fingerprint of the initial proto-Oort cloud, such as those highlighted in the present article, is present in the sample of known long-period comets.
Physics of the Applegate mechanism: Eclipsing time variations from magnetic activity
Authors: Völschow M. , Schleicher D. R. G. , Banerjee R. , Schmitt J. H. M. M.
Published: October 2018

Since its proposal in 1992, the Applegate mechanism has been discussed as a potential intrinsical mechanism to explain transit-timing variations in various types of close binary systems. Most analytical arguments presented so far focused on the energetic feasibility of the mechanism while applying rather crude one- or two-zone prescriptions to describe the exchange of angular momentum within the star. In this paper, we present the most detailed approach to date to describe the physics giving rise to the modulation period from kinetic and magnetic fluctuations. Assuming moderate levels of stellar parameter fluctuations, we find that the resulting binary period variations are one or two orders of magnitude lower than the observed values in RS-CVn like systems, supporting the conclusion of existing theoretical work that the Applegate mechanism may not suffice to produce the observed variations in these systems. The most promising Applegate candidates are low-mass post-common-envelope binaries with binary separations ≲1 R⊙ and secondary masses in the range of 0.30 M⊙ and 0.36 M⊙.
Concept Paper on the Technique of Cryopreservation, Removal and Transplantation of Ovarian Tissue for Fertility Preservation
Authors: Beckmann Matthias , Lotz Laura , Toth Bettina , Baston-Büst Dunja , Fehm Tanja , Frambach Torsten , Germeyer Ariane , Goeckenjan Maren , Häberlin Felix , Henes Melanie , Hirchenhain Jens , Hübner Stephanie , Korell Matthias , Krüssel Jan-Steffen , Müller Andreas , Reinsberg Jochen , Schwab Roxana , Seitz Stephan , Sütterlin Marc , van der Ven Hans , van der Ven Katrin , Winkler-Crepaz Katharina , Wimberger Pauline , von Wolff Michael , Liebenthron Jana , Dittrich Ralf
Published: October 2018

The cryopreservation of ovarian tissue with subsequent transplantation of the tissue represents an established method of fertility protection for female patients who have to undergo gonadotoxic therapy. The procedure can be performed at any point in the cycle and thus generally does not lead to any delay in oncological therapy. With the aid of this procedure, more than 130 births to date worldwide have been able to be recorded. The birth rate is currently approximately 30% and it can be assumed that this will increase through the further optimisation of the cryopreservation and surgical technique. The concept paper presented here is intended to provide guidance for managing cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue to German-speaking reproductive medicine centres.
Online-Medizinstudium: Klinikriese Helios kooperiert mit maltesischer Digital-Uni
Authors: Mau Jens
Published: October 2018

In Malta geht der erste digitale Medizin-Studiengang nach europäischem Recht an den Start. Klinischer Ausbildungspartner ist Helios. Die Bundesärztekammer stellt klar: Eine Zulassung zum Arztberuf ist der Abschluss nicht.
Rechtskolumne: Ohne Garantie
Authors: Häser Isabel
Published: October 2018

Ein Patient hat bei Abschluss eines totalen Krankenhausaufnahmevertrages grundsätzlich keinen Anspruch auf einen bestimmten Behandler oder Operateur.
Patientenintegration: Wert(e) schaffen: Der Patient als Co-Akteur
Authors: Knoth Andreas
Published: October 2018

In den meisten Klinikleitbildern finden sich Formulierungen, die den Patienten in den Mittelpunkt rücken. Böse Zungen behaupten aber, dass er dort dann auch immer stört. Die moderne Marketingtheorie verspricht hingegen Wettbewerbsvorteile, wenn Kunden integriert werden. Was heißt das nun für die Kliniken?
MDK-Kürzungen Vermeiden: Verschenktes Geld durch schlechtes Verweildauer-Management
Authors: Schulte-Marin Veronika
Published: October 2018

Seit der Einführung der DRG sorgen die Themen Verweildauer und Entlasszeitpunkt von Patienten in Kliniken immer wieder für interne Diskussionen. Die Wichtigkeit wird ganz unterschiedlich betrachtet. Dabei bedeutet ein optimaler Prozess von Verweildauer- und Entlassmanagement bares Geld für eine Klinik.
Mediation im Krankenhaus: Der andere Weg der Konfliktlösung
Authors: Grooterhorst Ursula
Published: October 2018

Das Wirtschaftsergebnis, das Kliniken erzielen, ist u. a. von einem zentralen Faktor abhängig: nämlich von den Mitarbeitern – und insbesondere von den Führungskräften. Gibt es hier Konflikte, die die Mitarbeiter nicht mehr miteinander sondern gegeneinander arbeiten lassen, hat die Klinik ein Problem.
Sanierung aus der Insolvenz: Krankenhaus neu denken
Authors: Endele Kerstin
Published: October 2018

Das Klinikum Hann. Münden schreibt ein Jahr nach der Insolvenz wieder schwarze Zahlen. Das Beispiel zeigt, wie Sanierung gelingen kann: Neben dem konsequenten Sparen gilt es, alte Pfade zu verlassen und neue Konzepte umzusetzen.
Kommentar: Digitale Transformation: das Schlagwort unserer Zeit
Authors: Stöckle Ulrich , Wirtz Dieter C.
Published: October 2018

Durch Digitalisierung, Verarbeiten von „Big Data“ und Technologieintegration wird sich unser Leben radikal verändern, da sind sich die Experten einig. Doch die Kliniken sind noch längst nicht dort, wo wir im Alltag längst sind.
Bauen im Bestand: Operation am (Bau-)Körper
Authors: Filthuth Heiko
Published: October 2018

Hygiene, Logistik und Brandschutz – für das Bauen im Bestand gelten besondere Bedingungen, die noch allzu oft vernachlässigt werden. Nur wer umsichtig plant, hält die Risiken überschaubar.
Umfassende Sicherheit im Krankenhaus: Vom Brandschutz bis zur Zutrittskontrolle
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: October 2018

Mit dem Herbstsymposium zum Thema „Objektsicherheit im Krankenhaus“ am 9. November im Otto-Wagner-Spital in Wien und der Fachtagung „Brandschutz im Krankenhaus“ am 28. November im Stift Melk steht der ÖVKT-Herbst in diesem Jahr ganz im Zeichen der Sicherheit.
Sprechstunde in der PR-Ambulanz: Braucht meine Klinik einen Facebook-Auftritt?
Authors: Endele Kerstin
Published: October 2018

Kerstin Endele ist zur Hälfte Journalistin und zur Hälfte Biochemikerin. Seit mehr als 15 Jahren ist sie Expertin für Gesundheitskommunikation und war fünf Jahre Kommunikationschefin und Pressesprecherin der Charité. Wenn sie nicht Klinikvorstände aus Krisen rettet und Pressesprechern diverser Krankenhäuser dabei hilft, ein bisschen Strategie ins übliche Chaos zu bringen, betreibt sie mit der PR-Ambulanz (www.pr-ambulanz.com) einen der größten Blogs zur Klinikkommunikation in Deutschland.
Computed Tomographic Trochlear Depth Measurement in Normal Dogs
Authors: De Giacinto Elena , Troiano Daniele , Denti Francesco , Buiatti Michela , Petazzoni Massimo
Published: October 2018

Objectives The main purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between patellar maximal craniocaudal thickness and femoral trochlear groove depth in normal dogs and to valuate the intra-observer or inter-observer variability of maximal trochlear depth and maximal patellar craniocaudal thickness using computed tomography.

Methods Trochlear groove depth and patellar maximal craniocaudal thickness of 40 limbs (20 dogs) were measured by three independent veterinarians using three-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction computed tomography images. The patellar maximal craniocaudal thickness/trochlear depth ratio was determined.

Results The mean ratio of these stifles was 0.46 (range 0.24–0.70), meaning that the mean maximal depth of the trochlea was 46% of the mean maximal-patellar thickness.

Clinical Significance A wide range of maximal–patellar–craniocaudal–thickness/maximal trochlear-depth ratio was found suggesting that breed studies should be performed to determine a breed-specific patellar-thickness/trochlear-depth ratio. To make decisions on when and where to perform a sulcoplasty during patellar luxation surgery, patella/trochlea thickness relationship should be measured for each breed with patellar tracking from stifle hyperflexion to stifle hyperextension.
Retrosigmoid Transmeatal Endoscope-Assisted Approach in Semi-Sitting Position for Resection of Vestibular Schwannoma: 2-D operative Video
Authors: Evangelista-Zamora Rocio , Lieber Stefan , Ebner Florian , Tatagiba Marcos
Published: October 2018

We present a case of a mid-sized vestibular schwannoma (T3b according to the Hannover classification) that was resected through a retrosigmoid transmeatal approach in semi-sitting position under endoscopic assistance. The patient is a 52-year-old male with acute loss of functional hearing on the right side. Audiometry confirmed a loss of up to 60 dB and lost speech discrimination, there were no associated symptoms such as tinnitus or vertigo. This 2D video demonstrates positioning, OR set-up, anatomical and surgical nuances of the skull base approach and the operative technique for microdissection of the tumor from the critical neurovascular structures, especially the facial and cochlear nerves. A gross total resection was achieved and the patient discharged home after four days with unaltered function of the facial nerve (HB I). At one year follow up there was no indication of residual or recurrence.

In summary, the retrosigmoid transmeatal approach is an important and powerful tool in the armamentarium for the microsurgical management of all kinds of vestibular schwannomas. Provided the necessary anesthesiological precautions and intraoperative procedures the semi-sitting position is safe and effective. If needed, the approach can be complemented by the use of an endoscope for visualization of the distal internal auditory canal.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/pPKT4_5nIn0.
IL-9 Promotes the Development of Deep Venous Thrombosis by Facilitating Platelet Function
Authors: Feng Yuqian , Yu Miao , Zhu Feng , Zhang Shaoshao , Ding Peiwu , Wang Min
Published: October 2018

The development of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a sterile inflammatory process related to cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 or IL-17. IL-9 is a cytokine involved in many inflammatory diseases, including cystic fibrosis, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. However, it remains unknown whether IL-9 is related to DVT. In this study, we characterized the role and mechanism of IL-9 in DVT. Analysis of the data of patients with and without DVT revealed that stasis, venous surgery as well as elevated IL-9 and sP-selectin levels were related to the development of DVT. We also showed for the first time that IL-9 receptor was expressed in mouse platelets, and it dramatically promoted the aggregation rate and expression of P-selectin (CD62P) in the presence of adenosine diphosphate, but otherwise exhibited no effect on platelets. This study also revealed that Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signalling pathway, not phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway, was involved in the process. We also showed in a mouse model of stasis that the thrombus size (weight and length) and CD62P expression in the thrombus were higher and lower in the IL-9 group and IL-9 antibody group, respectively, than in the control group. All these findings indicated that IL-9 facilitated platelet function through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thus promoting the development of DVT.
Ambulante Reha und Nachsorge für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Adipositas
Authors: Pankatz M. , Tiedjen U. , Koch B. , Stachow R. , Gellhaus I.
Published: October 2018

Eine neue Gesetzeslage ermöglicht in Deutschland die ambulante Rehabilitation (Reha) und Nachsorge für Kinder und Jugendliche mit chronischen Erkrankungen mit Finanzierung durch die Deutsche Rentenversicherung (DRV). Für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Adipositas und ihre Familien sowie für die bestehende Versorgungslandschaft stellt dies gleichsam eine Chance, eine Herausforderung, möglicherweise aber auch eine neue Hürde dar. Es müssen innovative Konzepte entwickelt, erprobt und evaluiert werden. Für die ambulante Nachsorge nach stationärer Reha hat die Konsensusgruppe Adipositasschulung für Kinder und Jugendliche e. V. (KgAS) bereits ein Konzept entwickelt.
BARI-AD: Leitlinien-basiertes Interview als Grundlage psychologischer Stellungnahmen vor einem Adipositas-chirurgischen Eingriff bei Adoleszenten
Authors: Gattinger E. , Andersen B. , Miller K. , Kreuzer C. , Meindl M. , Metzger R. , Ring-Dimitriou S. , Siegfried W. , Studtmann L. , Wabitsch M. , Weiner S. , Brix J. , Weghuber D. , Ardelt-Gattinger E.
Published: October 2018

Das Ziel des BARI-AD ist die strukturierte Erfassung der für eine Adipositas-chirurgische Operation und den postoperativen Erfolg Jugendlicher als relevant erachteten Voraussetzungen. Es dient als Grundlage für eine präoperative schriftliche Stellungnahme an die Chirurg/innen und Sozialversicherungen sowie vor- und nachsorgender interdisziplinärer Maßnahmen. BARI-AD erhebt strukturiert Vorstellungen, Wissen, Verständnis, Handlungsmöglichkeiten der PatientInnen bezüglich der intra- und interdisziplinären prä- und postoperativen Notwendigkeiten, Stärken und Beeinträchtigungen. Zur objektiven und systematischen Extraktion der Inhalte der Leitlinien nationaler und internationaler Fachgesellschaften wurden qualitative Inhaltsanalysen durchgeführt und die Inhalte in ein strukturiertes Interview gefasst. Procedere und Gesprächsführung basieren auf aktuellen psychologischen Erkenntnissen. Das strukturierte Interviewschema erhebt und dokumentiert die in Leitlinien geforderten Informationen zur psychischen und sozialen Situation der Patient/innen nach der Aufklärung durch das interdisziplinäre Team vor bariatrischen Eingriffen.
Average neutron time-of-flight instrument response function inferred from single D-T neutron events within a plastic scintillator
Authors: Styron J. D. , Ruiz C. L. , Hahn K. D. , Cooper G. W. , Chandler G. A. , Jones B. , McWatters B. R. , Forrest C. J. , Vaughan J. , Torres J. , Pelka S. , Smith J. , Weaver C.
Published: October 2018

The apparent ion temperature and neutron-reaction history are important characteristics of a fusion plasma. Extracting these quantities from a measured neutron-time-of-flight signal requires accurate knowledge of the instrument response function (IRF). This work describes a novel method for obtaining the IRF directly for single DT neutron interactions by utilizing n-alpha coincidence. The t(d,α)n nuclear reaction was produced at Sandia National Laboratories’ Ion Beam Laboratory using a 300 keV Cockcroft-Walton generator to accelerate a 2.5 μA beam of 175 keV D+ ions into a stationary ErT2 target. The average neutron IRF was calculated by taking a time-corrected average of individual neutron events within an EJ-228 plastic scintillator. The scintillator was coupled to two independent photo-multiplier tubes operated in the current mode: a Hamamatsu 5946 mod-5 and a Photek PMT240. The experimental setup and results will be discussed.
Fredholm operators and essential S-spectrum in the quaternionic setting
Authors: Muraleetharan B. , Thirulogasanthar K.
Published: October 2018

For bounded right linear operators, in a right quaternionic Hilbert space with a left multiplication defined on it, we study the approximate S-point spectrum. In the same Hilbert space, then we study the Fredholm operators and the Fredholm index. In particular, we prove the invariance of the Fredholm index under small norm operator and compact operator perturbations. Finally, in association with the Fredholm operators, we develop the theory of essential S-spectrum. We also characterize the S-spectrum in terms of the essential S-spectrum and Fredholm operators. In the sequel, we study left and right S-spectra as needed for the development of the theory presented in this note.
High-flux positrons generation via two counter-propagating laser pulses irradiating near-critical-density plasmas
Authors: Liu Jian-xun , Zhao Yuan , Wang Xin-ping , Quan Jian-zhou , Yu Tong-pu , Zhang Guo-Bo , Yang Xiao-hu , Ma Yan-yun , Shao Fu-qiu , Zhao Jun
Published: October 2018

A scheme for generating high-flux positrons by two counter-propagating laser pulses colliding in near-critical-density plasmas is proposed, which might be realized with current laser facilities. Positrons of number 2.79 × 105 and with a maximum density of 9.63 × 1024 m−3 can be generated for a laser with an intensity of 1022 W cm−2. This is attributed to the increase in the cross sections for photon radiation and positron generation in the colliding scheme. In order to improve the positron generation, the relevant parameters are discussed in detail. This scheme will facilitate the observation of the Breit-Wheeler positrons in the laboratory.
Conformational effect on the almost free internal rotation in 4-hexyn-3-ol studied by microwave spectroscopy and quantum chemistry
Authors: Eibl Konrad , Stahl Wolfgang , Kleiner Isabelle , Nguyen Ha Vinh Lam
Published: October 2018

The microwave spectrum of 4-hexyn-3-ol, CH3—C≡C—CH(OH)—CH2CH3, was recorded in the frequency range of 2–26.5 GHz by molecular jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. The conformational analysis based on quantum chemical calculations yielded nine conformers exhibiting C1 symmetry, of which three could be assigned in the experimental spectrum. The propynyl methyl group CH3—C≡C— experiences internal rotation with a very low barrier due to the presence of the cylindrically symmetric —C≡C— group serving as a spacer to the rest of the molecule, which is 7.161 012(7) cm−1, 4.236 5(26) cm−1, and 7.901 6(39) cm−1 for the three assigned conformers, respectively. The spectrum was analyzed with the program XIAM using the combined axis method and the program BELGI-C1 using the rho axis method and a very flexible Hamiltonian which yields fits with root-mean-square deviations within the measurement accuracy.
Bethe–Salpeter correlation energies of atoms and molecules
Authors: Holzer Christof , Gui Xin , Harding Michael E. , Kresse Georg , Helgaker Trygve , Klopper Wim
Published: October 2018

A variety of approaches are presented for the computation of atomic and molecular correlation energies based on the Bethe–Salpeter equation in the framework of the adiabatic-connection fluctuation–dissipation theorem. The performance of the approaches is assessed by computing the total energies of the atoms H—Ne and the atomization energies of the high-accuracy extrapolated ab initio thermochemistry set of small molecules as well as by determining the bond lengths and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the metal monoxides MO with M=Ca—Zn.
Tristate ferroelectric memory and strain memory in Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-based relaxor ferroelectrics
Authors: Zhang Huazhang , Zhou Jing , Shen Jie , Wang Tianheng , Xie Dandan , Chen Wen
Published: October 2018

Tristate ferroelectric memory and strain memory of Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 (BNT)-based relaxor ferroelectrics are proposed. These memory effects can be realized in BNT-based materials with double-like P-E hysteresis loops and obvious non-zero remanent polarization. An underlying triple-well free-energy landscape, in which the relaxor state serves as an intermediate stable state between two ferroelectric remanent states, is thought to be responsible for such a ferroelectric behavior and provides the basis for the tristate ferroelectric memory effect. Besides, the strain memory effect utilizes the inherent strain difference between relaxor and ferroelectric states. Experimental verifications on Bi1/2(Na0.8K0.2)1/2(Ti0.955Fe0.030Nb0.015)O3 ceramics show that the tristate ferroelectric memory and the strain memory can be operated as proposed, and the programmability and the retention ability of both effects are fairly good. The present study provides a facile approach to the multistate ferroelectric memory and shape memory piezoelectric actuator applications.
Theoretical confirmation of the polaron model for the Mg acceptor in β-Ga2O3
Authors: Ho Quoc Duy , Frauenheim Thomas , Deák Peter
Published: October 2018

β-Ga2O3 has recently been considered for power electronics applications but p-type doping is an issue, especially since small hole polarons were predicted and observed in this material. Recently, by using a gap-optimized, Koopmans-compliant hybrid functional, we were able to reproduce the observed charge transition levels of defects, including the hole polaron in the intrinsic material. In this study, the same hybrid functional is used to confirm the assignment of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum observed in Mg-doped β-Ga2O3 samples. The Mg impurity introduces a deep acceptor level in β-Ga2O3 corresponding to a small polaron, localized at an oxygen site adjacent to the substitutional Mg. The so-called O1 site is energetically favored and the superhyperfine interactions with the neighboring tetrahedrally coordinated Ga atom are 1.9 times stronger than with the neighboring octahedrally coordinated Ga. The calculated hyperfine tensor agrees well with the EPR measurement. These results confirm that Mg cannot act as a shallow acceptor in β-Ga2O3.
Effectiveness of a fish ladder for two Neotropical migratory species in the Paraná River
Authors: Gutfreund Carola , Makrakis Sergio , Castro-Santos Theodore , Celestino Leandro Fernandes , Dias João Henrique Pinheiro , Makrakis Maristela Cavicchioli
Published: October 2018

We evaluated the effectiveness of the fish ladder at Porto Primavera Dam in the severely regulated Upper Paraná River, for two Neotropical migratory fish species. Overall, 564 fish (448Megaleporinus obtusidens and 116M. piavussu) were PIT-tagged, released in upstream and downstream areas (on the left and right banks), and monitored continuously for 4 years. The fish performed two-way movements through the fish ladder, ascending from the tailrace and descending from the forebay. We registered entry into the fishway of 46M. obtusidens (10.3%) individuals and only three M. piavussu (2.6%) individuals; therefore, all analyses were focussed on M. obstusidens. Entry proportion ranged from 0 to 48.1%, depending on the release site, and was greatest for fish released downstream near the fishway entrance. Entry times ranged from 3.0 to 384.0 days, and median times were 32.9 and 25.8 days for downstream and upstream respectively. Of fish that entered the fishway, passage percentages were 80% for fish released downstream and 100% for fish released upstream, and median transit times were 0.7 and 0.9h respectively. Results suggest that if guidance and entry conditions can be improved, this fishway design holds promise as an effective solution for providing passage in both directions.A
Meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1 is a potent inhibitor of the Srs2 antirecombinase
Authors: Crickard J. Brooks , Kaniecki Kyle , Kwon Youngho , Sung Patrick , Greene Eric C.
Published: October 2018

Significance

Here, we demonstrate that the antirecombinase Srs2 is unable to dismantle recombination intermediates containing the meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1. Our work defines a function of Dmc1 as an inhibitor of the prototypical antirecombinase Srs2. Based on these findings, we propose that the presence of Dmc1 may help to prevent Srs2 from disruption of early meiotic recombination intermediates, which may in turn be anticipated to favor the formation of cross-over recombination products.
Un cançoner català del Renaixement a Roma
Authors: Rossich Albert , Valsalobre Pep , Martines Vicent
Published: October 2018

This book contains an edited and contextualized collection of poetry that is preserved, without an author's name, in a manuscript in the Vatican Apostolic Library. The internal and external analysis of the manuscript has made it possible to attribute it to Joan Salom (or Salon), a Franciscan monk who, in addition to being a noted hebraist and astronomer, had an important role in reforming the Gregorian calendar, and who is here also revealed as a poet. Beyond the interest of adding previously unknown lyrics to the Catalan literary production of the 1500s, this songbook is important because it is situated at the time when the new Italian poetic forms of the Renaissance were being introduced in Catalan poetry.

Aquest llibre edita i contextualitza un petit recull de poesies que avui es conserva, sense nom d’autor, dins un manuscrit de la Biblioteca Apostòlica Vaticana. L’anàlisi interna i externa del manuscrit ha permès atribuir-lo amb tota seguretat a Joan Salom (o Salon), un frare franciscà que, a més d’hebraista i astrònom reconegut –va tenir un paper important en la reforma del calendari gregorià–, se’ns revela, doncs, també com a poeta. A les composicions hi ha elogis a alguns contemporanis, algunes peces de caràcter devot i unes quantes poesies adreçades a un amor frustrat envers una monja barcelonina. Més enllà de l’interès que té augmentar la producció literària catalana del Cinc-cents amb uns textos desconeguts, aquest cançoner és important perquè se situa en el moment en què les noves formes poètiques italianes del renaixement s’introdueixen en la poesia catalana.