bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Team Disseminative Capacity: Exploring the Role of Collaborative Processes in Creating, Implementing, and Embedding New Knowledge
Authors: Fassehi Shukrullah , Soo Christine , Backmann Julia , Hoegl Martin
Published: June 2022

Organizations strongly rely on their teams’ abilities to absorb and disseminate knowledge to remain innovative. Prior research has focused primarily on knowledge absorption and the few studies investigating disseminative capacity (DCAP) identified disseminator and recipient characteristics as contributing factors toward effective organizational knowledge transfer. This study investigates the concept of team DCAP by shifting the focus to the role of disseminator–recipient interactions and collaborations during the dissemination process. Adopting a process perspective, we examine five technology transfer initiatives within a large multinational firm in Australia by collecting narratives from 34 members of both disseminating and recipient teams on the emergent processes through which each technology is created, transferred, and embedded at the recipient site. Findings reveal that in instances when knowledge is initially co-created through perspective taking and collective sensemaking among disseminators and recipients, such collaborations have a spill-over effect and continue throughout subsequent implementation and embedding processes, resulting in more effective transfer initiatives. This study contributes new and important insights for transforming the role of recipients from passive receivers of knowledge at the end of the transfer process as often depicted in previous studies, to active collaborators from the very beginning of the transfer process, starting with knowledge co-creation.
Concomitant Langerhans and Interdigitating Reticulum Cell Hyperplasia in a Reactive Lymph Node of an Infant with Omenn Syndrome: A Diagnostic Pitfall for Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Osama Md Ali , Radhakrishnan Nita , Dhawan Shashi
Published: June 2022

Omenn syndrome, a rare form of combined immunodeficiency in infants, presenting with recurrent infections, erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, eosinophilia, and increased serum IgE levels. It is a fatal condition unless treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Hence, an early diagnosis and a prompt treatment can lead to better outcome in these unfortunate babies afflicted with Omenn syndrome. Here, we present an 8-week-old infant with typical features of Omenn syndrome, both clinically as well as on laboratory analysis, but surprising immunohistochemical findings on lymph node biopsy.
A Multiple Mediational Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Proactive Personality on Subjective Career Success at the Career Exploration Stage
Authors: Yu Haibo , Dong Zhenhua , Guan Xiaoyu , Yan Changli , Su Xia , Cheng Long
Published: June 2022

Drawing on the career construction theory model of adaptation, this meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) examines the effects of proactive personality on the subjective career success of adolescents and emerging adults. We identified 46 studies that covered 52 independent samples and 24,092 participants through literature retrieval. Based on these studies, we created an integrative model linking proactive personality with career adaptability, student career construction, and subjective career success. The results of the meta-analysis showed that all bivariate relationships among proactive personality, career adaptability, student career construction, and subjective career success were significantly positive. The results of the MASEM indicated that career adaptability intervened in the relationship between proactive personality and subjective career success, but student career construction, as a suppressor, carried out the negative association between proactive personality, career adaptability and subjective career success in the sequence of adaptation. We also discuss the research implications and provide directions for future research.
Outcomes of Percutaneous Achilles Repair Compared With Endoscopic Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer to Treat Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Abdelatif Nasef Mohamed N. , Batista Jorge Pablo
Published: June 2022

Background:

Both percutaneous and endoscopically assisted methods are reported to produce good results in the surgical management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare between a percutaneous method and a recently described isolated endoscopically assisted flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer method as surgical means of management in patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures.

Methods:

One hundred seventeen patients were included in the current study and divided into 2 groups: 59 patients who underwent percutaneous Achilles repair (PAR Group) and 58 patients who underwent isolated endoscopic FHL transfer (FHL Group) were compared. Patients were clinically evaluated using American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), and Achilles tendon resting angle (ATRA) measures. In addition, ankle plantarflexion power, FHL dynamometry, Tegner activity levels, and return to previous levels of activity were also documented for all patients.

Results:

Nine months after surgery, patients in the FHL transfer group were more likely to be able to return to normal activities (91% vs 73%, P < .01). Thirty months after surgical treatment, we found no difference in ATRS, AOFAS, ATRA, ankle plantarflexion strength, or Tegner activity scores between study groups. Overall complications were reported in 6 patients in the FHL group (10.3%) and in 8 patients in the PAR group (13.6%). No major neurovascular or skin complications were encountered.

Conclusion:

The current study demonstrated satisfactory and comparable results and complications when comparing isolated endoscopic FHL tendon transfer or percutaneous Achilles tendon repairs in the surgical management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective controlled trial.
Rayleigh-like waves in multilayered elastic media containing voids: Use of the Haskell matrix method
Authors: Khurana Aarti , Kaur Savkirat , Tomar SK
Published: June 2022

Using the Haskell matrix method, the dispersion relation of Rayleigh-like surface waves propagating through a multilayered elastic solid half-space is derived. Each layer as well as the half-space is assumed to have voids (pores) distributed evenly throughout. This dispersion relation is then reduced for a 2-layered model (single layer over a half-space) to study the characteristics of phase speed of Rayleigh-like wave. For a particular model, the numerical computations are performed to observe the effect of voids on the fundamental mode of Rayleigh-like waves for n = 2 and 3. For the 2-layered model, it is also shown that the particle motion remains elliptical but influenced by the presence of voids. In the absence of voids from the model, the dispersion relation earlier obtained by Haskell (1953) for the case n = 2 is recovered successfully.
Some Interactions Are More Equal Than Others: The Effect of Influencer Endorsements in Social Media Brand Posts on Engagement and Online Store Performance
Authors: Waltenrath Adrian , Brenner Christoph , Hinz Oliver
Published: June 2022

This study investigates the value of influencer endorsement within brand-owned social media posts in terms of engagement and online store performance. Specifically, it focuses on how endorser-caused engagement translates to online store performance. The authors examine metrics that capture short-term performance (online shop visits and immediate sales) by tracking immediate responses to social media posts. They conduct an empirical analysis based on real Facebook posts published over 1.5 years by a leading European online fashion retailer that targets young adults. To confirm results and shed light on the underlying mechanisms, the authors further conduct a randomized online experiment (N = 305) that mimics the field study. They find that influencer endorsements are associated with increased engagement and that engagement is associated with higher online store performance. The results show that endorsement negatively moderates the effect of engagement because it distracts from the products (i.e., the “vampire effect”). The authors conclude that consumers’ underlying intentions of engaging with social media posts vary, which implies that engagement caused by an endorser has less economic value than engagement motivated by other (e.g., product-related) reasons. From a practical perspective, social media brand post endorsement should be considered a tool for brand marketing rather than for performance marketing, and social media metrics should be interpreted with care, because not all engagement may help online store performance.
Heparin versus normal saline locking for prevention of occlusion, catheter-related infections and thrombosis in central venous catheter in adults: Overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Santomauro Isabella , Campani Daiana , Tiozzo Valentina , Barletta Barbara , Scotti Lorenza , Barisone Michela , Dal Molin Alberto
Published: June 2022

Venous access devices are used in health care. To prevent occlusions the evidence confirmed the need for routine catheter flushing before and after infusion as well as at the end of use. To date, the efficacy of heparin has not been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the locking of central venous catheters with heparin versus normal saline in adults to prevent occlusion, catheter-related infections and thrombosis in adults. A literature search using Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Cinahl was performed to identify all meta-analyses addressing the effectiveness of heparin versus normal saline in locking central venous catheters in adults. Four reviewers independently selected publications assessed quality and extracted data. Parameter estimates regarding occlusion, catheter- related infections and thrombosis were pooled using an umbrella review. We identified 6356 references. Seven systematic reviews were included in the study. Most of the studies included in the systematic reviews were conducted in oncohaematology departments, intensive care and cardiac surgery units among patients with multiple diseases and chronicity. Most studies report a heparin concentration of 10 to 5000 IU/ml versus normal saline and other solutions. There was no evidence that heparin was more effective than normal saline in reducing complications such as occlusion, catheter-related infections and thrombosis. No statistically significant difference was found between heparin and normal saline in reducing catheter occlusion. Heparin is not superior compared to normal saline.
Mindsets of conspiracy: A typology of affinities towards conspiracy myths in digital environments
Authors: Schwaiger Lisa , Schneider Jörg , Rauchfleisch Adrian , Eisenegger Mark
Published: June 2022

In times of crisis, the spread of conspiracy myths increases since people seek answers to complex questions. Besides societal aspects, social media platforms, especially messenger services, have been identified as a positive driver for spreading conspiracy myths. Much research focused on whether right-wing populist attitudes correlate with belief in conspiracy myths resulting in inconsistent findings. We show that different anti-system attitudes and corresponding digital media usage can promote the affinity towards conspiracy myths apart from right-wing attitudes. With this paper, we first want to sharpen the terminology on ‘conspiracy myths’ and develop a scale to measure affinity towards conspiracy myths in different dimensions. We second use this scale to investigate different mindsets of conspiracy in the Swiss population. Third, we want to find out how the dimensions correlate with messenger usage. Based on data from a representative population survey in Switzerland from November to December 2020, we investigated different affinities towards conspiracy myths, represented by far-left, far-right, populist, anti-elitism, general anti-system attitudes and science skepticism. We then used the six dimensions in a cluster analysis and identified five typological mindsets. About 30% of the population accordingly have higher affinities towards conspiracy myths than the rest. Our study also highlights the potential role of messenger services in spreading conspiracy myths. To a certain extent, Facebook Messenger and Telegram usage show a robust correlation with the different dimensions of the affinity towards conspiracy myths. In contrast, WhatsApp usage does not show a robust correlation.
‘Learning and growing’: Young people’s experiences of being peer trainers within a ‘Beads of life’ group in an oncology setting
Authors: Henly Rebecca , Joscelyne Trish , McParland James
Published: June 2022

Aims

To explore the experiences of young people who take on a peer mentoring role within a psycho-oncology service narrative therapy informed ‘Beads of Life’ group.

Method

Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with these ‘Peer Trainers’ and analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis.

Results

Three superordinate themes emerged: identity and self, identity and others, and identity and relationship to cancer. Peer trainers perceived themselves as helpful and mentoring provided an opportunity to develop and grow as a person, while feeling good through helping others. Peer trainers tested out alternative roles, and experienced the benefits of challenging isolation, through connection to others and processing of the emotional burden of cancer. Peer trainers felt grateful for the opportunity, while wanting to make way for the next generation.

Conclusions

Findings suggest an impact on identity, with young people noticing changes in the self, their relationships with others, and their relationship to cancer. Overall, young people reported positive experiences and a ‘levelling up’ of identity, suggesting future potential for peer mentoring and community narrative practices within paediatric settings.
‘Our story with the state’: Birth certificates, data structures and gay and lesbian families
Authors: Kerrigan Páraic , Cushing Amber
Published: June 2022

Birth certificate data has been identified for its centrality in providing complete and accurate information on demographics, particularly as it relates to families. Often, however, these forms of data collection, are very much hetero-centric, re-embedding normative conceptualizations of identity, particularly as it relates to sex, gender and sexuality. Modes of demographic data collection, such as that of the birth certificate, do not allow for the fluidity and multiplicity of gender and sexual identities that characterize the lived experience of many LGBTQ families. This article will explore the significance of the birth certificate for LGBTQ Irish families, particularly in light of the varying inequalities that emerge from the data gaps they create for both parent and child. In exploring these facets, this article draws upon qualitative semi-structured interviews with LGBTQ parents, exploring how they see the data gaps that emerge on birth certificates and the effects these gaps have on them as an LGBTQ family. Through exploring the ways in which the data gaps and omissions on the Irish birth certificate creates inequalities, this article uses the findings to build on the work of Ruberg and Ruellos (2020) who call for shifting how we see and understand queer identity through data. Through these findings, we argue that systems of data collection, data structures and certification must be changed to build data for queer parenthood and that it is necessary to recalibrate how we design birth certificates to more accurately represent LGBTQ-parent families.
Influencing adolescents’ attitudes towards nicotine products: A systematic review
Authors: Vaihekoski Anu , Lagström Hanna , Eloranta Sini , Bäärs Susanna , Hannula Annika , Lehvikkö Mari , Salakari Minna
Published: June 2022

Background and aim: Use of nicotine can harm adolescents’ brains and increase risk for future addiction to other drugs. Several international studies show that an acceptable attitude towards nicotine products increases the initiation or use of the products. Adolescents have limited or distorted knowledge about nicotine products. Many of them have a positive image of the properties and effects of nicotine products, which increases the chances of smoking or using snus. Yet, we know little about the relationship between youth nicotine use, youth attitudes towards nicotine products and the interventions to influence these attitudes. This systematic review synthesised adolescents’ attitudes towards nicotine products and the ways to influence them. Methods: Systematic searches were carried out from PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and MEDIC databases and were targeted to randomised controlled trial (RCT) studies published in 2010–2021. Results: A total of seven RCT studies were reviewed with a total population (age range 9–17 years, adolescents 11–17 years) of 15,974. Findings were classified into four categories: school-based interventions, tobacco prevention campaigns, advertisements’ influence on adolescents’ opinions towards nicotine products, and their responses to cigarette pack warnings. Conclusion: Based on this systematic literature review, particularly school-based interventions have an effect on adolescents’ attitudes towards smoking and preventing them from starting to smoke, when they are targeted before the age of puberty. School-based interventions should be further implemented and strengthened, as the school has been shown to have significant potential to support youth’s health. There is a need for further information about the most effective interventions in the different age groups and the qualitative studies on the topic.
Comparative analysis of machine learning approaches for predicting frequent emergency department visits
Authors: Safaripour Razieh , “June” Lim Hyun Ja
Published: June 2022

Background

Emergency Department (ED) overcrowding is an emerging risk to patient safety. This study aims to assess and compare the predictive ability of machine learning (ML) models for predicting frequent ED users.

Method

Korean Health Panel data from 2008 to 2015 were used for this study. Individuals with four or more visits per year were considered frequent ED users. Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) as well as two ensemble models, namely Bagging and Voting, were trained and tested to examine their predictive performance.

Results

The ML classification algorithms identified frequent ED users with high precision (90%–98%) and sensitivity (87%–91%), whereas LR showed fair precision (65%) and sensitivity (67%). The ML algorithms showed a high area under the curve (AUC) values from 89% for SVM to 96% for Random Forest, while LR showed the lowest AUC (65%). The classification error varied among algorithms; LR had the highest classification error (24.07%) while RF had the least (3.8%).

Conclusions

Results show that ML classification algorithms are robust techniques to predict frequent ED users, and the variables in administrative health panels are reliable indicators for this purpose.
(Un)finding childhoods in citational practices with postdevelopmental pedagogies
Authors: Land Nicole , Frankowski Alicja
Published: June 2022

Taking up the contention that child development manifests through the developmental logics it enacts, the authors work with citational practices as iterations of how developmentalism's logics are done in everyday practices in early childhood and teacher education. They work with Erica Burman's method of ‘found childhood’ to propose citational practices as artefacts of found childhood – as traces of how childhood happens in contemporary life and as an indicator of the dominant knowledges and knowledge-making practices that animate 21st-century childhoods. With disciplining and failure as moments of citational practices, the authors follow how practices of citing do and do not do developmental logics. In dialogue with postdevelopmental pedagogies, they wonder how one might cite into otherwise futures beyond the certainty and temporalities dictated by child development. The authors refuse the progress-oriented logics of child development and do not articulate new ‘best’ practices for citing, but instead write through provocations that might take up questions of world-making, pedagogy and life in line with the propositions offered by postdevelopmental pedagogies.
Understanding emotional responses to visual aesthetic artefacts: the SECMEA mechanisms
Authors: Van Der Lee Chris , Van Enschot Renske
Published: June 2022

While many models attempt to explain the aesthetic experience, most limit themselves to art as their focal point and only a few look into why we arrive at a certain response to a visual aesthetic object. This article attempts to offer an extension to the current models by focusing on the mechanisms that induce emotions in relation to visual aesthetic objects. It takes Juslin’s (2013) BRECVEM mechanisms – developed for the domain of music – as its basis. In this article, Juslin’s mechanisms are adapted to the visual domain, resulting in six different emotion-evoking mechanisms: startle reflex, evaluative conditioning, emotional contagion, mental imagery, syntactic expectancy and external appraisal. The authors give an overview of frameworks and empirical studies, demonstrating each of these mechanisms in relation to visual aesthetic objects (visual art as well as advertising and product design). The article’s focus on emotion-inducing mechanisms and existing empirical research provides a basis for improving empirical testing of emotional responses to a broad range of visual aesthetic objects.
Political Transnationalism: Factors Associated With Immigrants’ Voting in Their Home Country Elections
Authors: Jang Sou Hyun
Published: June 2022

Political transnationalism, compared with other forms of immigrant transnationalism, and its relationship with assimilation into American society, remains largely unexplored. Using immigrants’ voting in their home countries as an example, New Immigrant Survey data, including that of immigrants who became permanent residents in 2003–2004, were analyzed. The dependent variable was immigrants’ voting in their home country elections, and the independent variables included assimilation, human capital, past political behavior, and their region of origin. Based on the bivariate analysis, transnational voting rates differ by immigrants’ age, race/ethnicity, region of origin, educational level, English proficiency, assimilation, and previous voting behavior. The findings of logistic regression confirmed that assimilation is negatively associated with immigrants’ voting in the home country elections, whereas human capital is positively related to transnational voting among immigrants. Voting momentum was the most influential factor in immigrants’ voting in home country elections. Immigrants’ region of origin was another significant predictor of transnational voting. Future studies must examine immigrant political transnationalism by including national-level factors transcending individual attributes, and host countries other than the US.
Concurrent Mixed Modes: Response Quality, Speed, and Cost
Authors: de Rada Vidal Díaz
Published: June 2022

This article presents the results of a general population study that used three different modes of data collection administered sequentially. The study began with a letter that contained the link to an online survey. Those who did not respond were interviewed by phone or face-to-face. The article focuses on the cost of the study related to response quality, and hypothesizes that the sequential use of various modes, first using the most economical ones, yields significant cost savings that do not affect the quality of the information obtained. The results indicate that the online survey was nine times cheaper than interviewer-administered modes of data collection. The face-to-face survey was the one with the highest rate of item nonresponse, whereas the telephone survey had the lowest item nonresponse rate.
Arranging Inpatient Psychiatric Treatment for a Patient with a Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Choi Joy J. , Peters Cathy J. , Nickels Mark W.
Published: June 2022

For patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) as a bridge to transplant, receiving mental health treatment, particularly inpatient treatment, can be challenging due to their complex medical needs. Unfortunately, patients with LVADs have higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality than the general population, making this restricted access to care more problematic. Limited access to full spectrum mental health treatment may negatively impact patients’ transplant psychosocial candidacy for transplant. In this article, we present a successful case of arranging inpatient psychiatric treatment for a patient with an LVAD on a medical inpatient unit through a collaborative approach that spans multiple services and programs. This article details the strategic interprofessional process involved in devising the plan that allowed for treatment and successful discharge.
Describing Predictors Of Regimen Nonadherence Among Kidney Recipients Using Multiple Measures
Authors: Balakrishnan Aparna , Bailey Stacy , Mroczek Daniel , Serper Marina , Ladner Daniela , Wolf Michael
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Many kidney recipients struggle with medication adherence and are at greater risk for adverse post-transplant outcomes. Historically, research has focused on single immunosuppressants alone, though all medications within a prescribed regimen are essential for positive outcomes. Research question: Explore predictors of medication regimen nonadherence among a diverse sample of adult kidney recipients by using multiple measures of adherence. Design: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from an ongoing clinical trial that enrolled 234 kidney recipients from a large transplant center. We used linear and logit regression models to examine associations of demographic characteristics, social determinants of health, and clinical characteristics with (a) self-reported regimen adherence, measured by the Adherence Starts with Knowledge 12 scale, and (b) immunosuppressant adherence, captured by calculated risk score based on Tacrolimus measurements. Results: Kidney recipients with limited health literacy, overall poorer health, and higher levels of depression demonstrated significantly poorer regimen adherence. Recipients who had dual public/private insurance, took a greater number of medications, and had shorter time since transplant demonstrated significantly poorer immunosuppressant adherence. Conclusion: Social determinants (health literacy and insurance status), and clinical characteristics (overall health status, depression, number of medications, and time since transplant) played significant roles in regimen and immunosuppressant adherence among kidney recipients in our sample. Self-reported adherence, particularly in relation to full medication regimens, can highlight modifiable barriers that might otherwise be overlooked by focusing on adherence to a single immunosuppressant. Depression and health literacy can be assessed and addressed to improve adherence among adult kidney recipients.
The Relationship Between Change in Employment Status, Insurance Coverage, and Graft Failure or Death After Kidney Transplant
Authors: Ford Jacob A. , Tumin Dmitry , Beng Hostensia , Gomez Mendez Liliana Michelle
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Early change of insurance coverage after kidney transplantation may be associated with worse graft outcomes. We examine how return to employment moderates the hazard of graft failure associated with exit from Medicare within 36 months after transplantation. Design: Patients undergoing kidney transplantation covered by Medicare between January 2005 and December 2016 were identified in the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database. A composite outcome of graft failure or death was analyzed across four groups: (1) no change in coverage within the first 3 years post-transplant, and no return to work (2) no change in coverage, return to work (3) change in coverage, no return to work (4) change in coverage, return to work. Results: The sample included 46 120 patients; 28% changed insurance coverage from Medicare posttransplant. Among patients who returned to work (36%), change in coverage from Medicare to other insurance was associated with lower hazard of death or graft failure (hazard ratio: 0.93; 95% confidence interval: 0.87, 0.99; P = 0.030). Conclusions: Exit from Medicare was associated with patient and graft survival greater than 3 years after transplant, depending on return to work. Among patients returning to work, changes in insurance from Medicare to private coverage were associated with favorable outcomes.
Television Production of Yesteryears, Today and in the Future: Impact of Reduced Collaboration in TV News Production on Job Satisfaction in Nigeria
Authors: Talabi Felix Olajide , Adaja Tokunbo Alex , Bello Samson Adepoju , Adelabu Omowale , Apuke Oberiri Destiny , Celestine Gever Verlumun
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of reduced collaboration in TV news production on job satisfaction and to explore the contributing effect of modern technologies on reduced collaboration in TV news production in Nigeria. The researchers utilized a descriptive survey research design with a structured questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The data for the study were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a one-way multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA). The result of the study showed that reduced collaboration decreases job satisfaction. Also, modern technologies increase reduced collaboration. Further results showed that modern technologies have led to reduced collaboration in private TV stations more than federal and state TV stations. It was also found that the creative application of modern technologies will lead to increased collaboration and job satisfaction among TV stations in Nigeria.
Following the Science? Examining the Issuance of Stay-At-Home Orders Related to COVID-19 by U.S. Governors
Authors: Murray Gregg R. , Murray Susan M.
Published: June 2022

Informed by the public health policymaking literature, this study’s objective is to identify scientific, political, social, economic, and external factors related to U.S. governors’ decisions to issue stay-at-home orders (SAHOs) in response to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health experts advocate for social distancing to slow the spread of infectious diseases, but government mandates to social distance can impose substantial social and economic costs. This study uses event history analysis to investigate the issuance of COVID-19-related gubernatorial SAHOs during a 41-day period in the 50 U.S. states. The findings indicate that scientific, political, and economic factors were associated with the issuance of SAHOs, but that external considerations played the largest role, particularly those related to the timing of other governors’ decisions. This study offers evidence about how some U.S. political leaders balance public health concerns against other considerations and, more broadly, how state governments address crisis-level issues.
Milk and Egg Are Risk Factors for Adverse Effects of Capecitabine-Based Chemotherapy in Chinese Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Xu Jinrong , Lin Zeshuai , Chen Jiani , Zhang Jian , Li Wanqing , Zhang Rui , Xing Jin , Ye Zhihuan , Liu Xiaoping , Gao Qianmin , Chen Xintao , Zhai Jingwen , Yao Houshan , Li Mingming , Wei Hua
Published: June 2022

Background:

Chemotherapy-induced adverse effects (CIAEs) remain a challenging problem due to their high incidences and negative impacts on treatment in Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We aimed to identify risk factors and predictive markers for CIAEs using food/nutrition data in CRC patients receiving post-operative capecitabine-based chemotherapy.

Methods:

Food/nutrition data from 130 Chinese CRC patients were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify CIAE-related food/nutrition factors. Prediction models were constructed based on the combination of these factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the discrimination ability of models.

Results:

A total of 20 food/nutrition factors associated with CIAEs were identified in the univariate analysis after adjustments for total energy and potential confounding factors. Based on multivariate analysis, we found that, among these factors, dessert, eggs, poultry, and milk were associated with several CIAEs. Most importantly, poultry was an overall protective factor; milk and egg were risk factors for hand-foot syndrome (HFS) and bone marrow suppression (BMS), respectively. Developed multivariate models in predicting grade 1 to 3 CIAEs and grade 2/3 CIAEs both had good discrimination (AUROC values from 0.671 to 0.778, 0.750 to 0.946 respectively), which had potential clinical application value in the early prediction of CIAEs, especially for more severe CIAEs.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that patients with high milk and egg intakes should be clinically instructed to control their corresponding dietary intake to reduce the likelihood of developing HFS and BMS during capecitabine-based chemotherapy, respectively.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03030508.
Do Antiseptic Coated Sutures Reduce Colo-Colonic Anastomotic Leaks?
Authors: Elsenbroek Christiaan F. , Brand Martin
Published: June 2022

Background

Colorectal anastomotic leaks remain one of the most significant complications following colorectal surgery. Various interventions to reduce anastomotic leaks have been investigated, however few have resulted in a significant improvement. To date antiseptic coated monofilament sutures for sutured bowel anastomoses have not been assessed, hence this study was undertaken to investigate whether or not triclosan impregnated polydioxanone suture material (PDS) results in fewer anastomotic leaks.

Methods

A rabbit colo-colonic anastomotic model was developed to compare the tensile strength and local inflammatory response between triclosan coated PDS and uncoated PDS.

Results

Of the 42 anastomoses there were 4 (9.5%) leaks. Of the remaining 38 anastomoses neither the leak pressures, degree of bowel wall inflammation or fibrosis were statistically different (P = .11; .813 and .658 respectively) when comparing the two suture materials.

Conclusions

In an animal model, triclosan coated PDS is as safe as uncoated PDS in performing colo-colonic anastomosis.
Artificial intelligence and duplex ultrasound for detection of carotid artery disease
Authors: Kordzadeh Ali , Askari Alan , Abbassi Omar Ahmad , Sanoudos Nikolaos , Mohaghegh Vahaj , Shirvani Hassan
Published: June 2022

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, applicability and accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) in the detection of normal versus carotid artery disease through greyscale static duplex ultrasound (DUS) images.

Methods

A prospective image acquisition of individuals undergoing duplex sonography for the suspicion of carotid artery disease at a single hospital was conducted. A total of n = 156 images of normal and stenotic carotid arteries (based on NASCET criteria) were evaluated by using geometry group network based on convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture. Outcome was reported based on sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the network (artificial intelligence) for detecting normal versus stenotic carotid arteries as well as various categories of carotid artery stenosis.

Results

The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of AI in the detection of normal carotid artery was 91%, 86% and 92%, respectively, and for any carotid artery stenosis was 87%, 82% and 90%, respectively. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the network has the ability to detect stenotic carotid artery images (<50%) versus normal with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 87% and an accuracy of 94%. This value (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) for group of 50–75% stenosis versus normal was 84%, 80% and 88% and for carotid artery disease of more than 75% was 90%, 83% and 92%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the feasibility, applicability and accuracy of artificial intelligence in the detection of carotid artery disease in greyscale static DUS images. This network has the potential to be used as a stand-alone software or to be embedded in any DUS machine. This can enhance carotid artery disease recognition with limited or no vascular experience or serve as a stratification tool for tertiary referral, further imaging and overall management.
Bias, Fairness, and Validity in Graduate-School Admissions: A Psychometric Perspective
Authors: Woo Sang Eun , LeBreton James M. , Keith Melissa G. , Tay Louis
Published: June 2022

As many schools and departments are considering the removal of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) from their graduate-school admission processes to enhance equity and diversity in higher education, controversies arise. From a psychometric perspective, we see a critical need for clarifying the meanings of measurement “bias” and “fairness” to create common ground for constructive discussions within the field of psychology, higher education, and beyond. We critically evaluate six major sources of information that are widely used to help inform graduate-school admissions decisions: grade point average, personal statements, resumes/curriculum vitae, letters of recommendation, interviews, and GRE. We review empirical research evidence available to date on the validity, bias, and fairness issues associated with each of these admission measures and identify potential issues that have been overlooked in the literature. We conclude by suggesting several directions for practical steps to improve the current admissions decisions and highlighting areas in which future research would be beneficial.
Witnessing migrant memories through literature: The case of Nagorno-Karabakh in transnational perspective
Authors: Dudnik Natalia
Published: June 2022

This comparative essay explores the relationship between memory and migration/integration through the example of two recent literary texts—the German-language novel All Russians Love Birch Trees by Olga Grjasnowa and a story from the Russian-language “novel in voices” Secondhand Time by Svetlana Alexievich—that portray personal memory of ethnic violence in Baku, Azerbaijan in 1990. In Grjasnowa’s novel, the protagonist’s traumatic memories cannot be integrated into German memory culture, despite the fact that she, as a legal immigrant, enjoys the status of political subject. In reversed dynamics, Alexievich’s protagonist, who remains vulnerable on the political and social level, has been able to articulate her trauma in the presence of the empathetic listener—the implied author. Analyzing narrative devices that aim to engage the reader as a respondent to the characters’ suffering during the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan in the 1990s and after their arrival in Germany and Russia, this essay identifies a call for a holistic integration of migrants on both the civic level and the level of memory through the medium of secondary witnessing.
Autoethnography and the Materials of Resistance
Authors: Holman Jones Stacy
Published: June 2022

This short essay introduces a special section of short poetic essays that meditate on and around the idea of autoethnography and/as material resistance.
Analysing issues of medical communication during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Zhang Xinqing
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has created new opportunities for serious reflection on the connotations of and interrelationships among the elements of medical communication, including communication content, communicators, communication channels, communication audience and communication effects. There are four types of medical communicators: medical workers, medical researchers, public health workers and medical humanities scholars. Online media have provided the main channel for medical communication. The effectiveness of medical communication is premised on the authenticity and reliability of the content. The uncertainty of information on COVID-19 medical risks and the status of communication of such information will affect the results of medical communication. Information overload will also weaken the effectiveness of medical communication.
Framing the COVID-19 Pandemic for Minority Older Adults Through a Family Lens: Results of a Qualitative Thematic Analysis of Survey Responses
Authors: Gilbert Lauren R , Mak Rebecca , Lovejoy Phoebe , Adepoju Omolola
Published: June 2022

This study assessed COVID-19 experiences among minority older adults in Houston, Texas. An electronic survey was administered to community-dwelling older adults, and the open-ended responses of 458 minority adults were analyzed using thematic analysis. Through an inductive coding approach, 2 unexpected main themes emerged regarding family: fear of COVID-19 spreading among their family and modifications to family and community interactions. These older minority adults framed their personal COVID-19 experiences through the lens of family and their community, demonstrating the importance of integrating family considerations into pandemic planning, response, and recovery efforts for minority older adults.
A Modified Surgical Approach for Isolated Tooth Recession
Authors: Hussain Shaista , Siddiqui Zeba Rahman , Dutta Siddhartha , Gupta Sanjay
Published: June 2022

One of the major dental esthetic and functional problem that occurs frequently in patients is due to gingival recession which is the apical shifting of the gingival margin from its normal position, ultimately leading to exposure of the root surface along with pain, sensitivity, plaque retention, gingivitis, loss of attachment, and root caries posing a challenge for the clinicians. This case report presents a case of total root coverage with laterally positioned flap technique for the treatment of recession defect in mandibular tooth with complete remission of dentine hypersensitivity and excellent esthetic and functional outcomes.
Developing a Multidimensional Conception of Project Evaluation to Improve Projects
Authors: Rode Anna Le Gerstrøm , Svejvig Per , Martinsuo Miia
Published: June 2022

In the quest to improve projects, project actors rely on sound project evaluation. However, project evaluation can be complex and challenging. This study aims to explore and define project evaluation and reveal how it can promote continuous improvements within and across projects and organizations. A review of extant literature finds four constitutive properties for project evaluation: criteria, times, evaluands, and evaluators. Based on the action design research of 75 projects in 21 organizations, the study finds three evaluation perspectives: process, outcome, and learning. Understanding the multidimensionality of project evaluation through the seven identified dimensions offers a meaningful conception of project evaluation.
Sutimlimab in patients with cold agglutinin disease: results of the randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 CADENZA trial
Authors: Röth Alexander , Berentsen Sigbjørn , Barcellini Wilma , D’Sa Shirley , Jilma Bernd , Michel Marc , Weitz Ilene C. , Yamaguchi Masaki , Nishimura Jun-ichi , Vos Josephine M. I. , Storek Michael , Wong Nancy , Patel Parija , Jiang Xiaoyu , Vagge Deepthi S. , Wardęcki Marek , Shafer Frank , Lee Michelle , Broome Catherine M.
Published: June 2022

Sutimlimab, a first-in-class humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the classical complement pathway at C1s, rapidly halted hemolysis in the single-arm CARDINAL study in recently transfused patients with cold agglutinin disease (CAD). CADENZA was a 26-week randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study to assess safety and efficacy of sutimlimab in patients with CAD without recent (within 6 months prior to enrollment) transfusion history. Forty-two patients with screening hemoglobin ≤10 g/dL, elevated bilirubin, and ≥1 CAD symptom received sutimlimab (n = 22) or placebo (n = 20) on days 0 and 7 and then biweekly. Composite primary endpoint criteria (hemoglobin increase ≥1.5 g/dL at treatment assessment timepoint [mean of weeks 23, 25, 26], avoidance of transfusion, and study-prohibited CAD therapy [weeks 5-26]) were met by 16 patients (73%) on sutimlimab, and 3 patients (15%) on placebo (odds ratio, 15.9 [95% confidence interval, 2.9, 88.0; P < .001]). Sutimlimab, but not placebo, significantly increased mean hemoglobin and FACIT-Fatigue scores at treatment assessment timepoint. Sutimlimab normalized mean bilirubin by week 1. Improvements correlated with near-complete inhibition of the classical complement pathway (2.3% mean activity at week 1) and C4 normalization. Twenty-one (96%) sutimlimab patients and 20 (100%) placebo patients experienced ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event. Headache, hypertension, rhinitis, Raynaud phenomenon, and acrocyanosis were more frequent with sutimlimab vs placebo, with a difference of ≥3 patients between groups. Three sutimlimab patients discontinued owing to adverse events; no placebo patients discontinued. These data demonstrate that sutimlimab has potential to be an important advancement in the treatment of CAD. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03347422.
Multi-type feature fusion based on graph neural network for drug-drug interaction prediction
Authors: He Changxiang , Liu Yuru , Li Hao , Zhang Hui , Mao Yaping , Qin Xiaofei , Liu Lele , Zhang Xuedian
Published: June 2022

Background

Drug-Drug interactions (DDIs) are a challenging problem in drug research. Drug combination therapy is an effective solution to treat diseases, but it can also cause serious side effects. Therefore, DDIs prediction is critical in pharmacology. Recently, researchers have been using deep learning techniques to predict DDIs. However, these methods only consider single information of the drug and have shortcomings in robustness and scalability.

Results

In this paper, we propose a multi-type feature fusion based on graph neural network model (MFFGNN) for DDI prediction, which can effectively fuse the topological information in molecular graphs, the interaction information between drugs and the local chemical context in SMILES sequences. In MFFGNN, to fully learn the topological information of drugs, we propose a novel feature extraction module to capture the global features for the molecular graph and the local features for each atom of the molecular graph. In addition, in the multi-type feature fusion module, we use the gating mechanism in each graph convolution layer to solve the over-smoothing problem during information delivery. We perform extensive experiments on multiple real datasets. The results show that MFFGNN outperforms some state-of-the-art models for DDI prediction. Moreover, the cross-dataset experiment results further show that MFFGNN has good generalization performance.

Conclusions

Our proposed model can efficiently integrate the information from SMILES sequences, molecular graphs and drug-drug interaction networks. We find that a multi-type feature fusion model can accurately predict DDIs. It may contribute to discovering novel DDIs.