bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER INSIDE A ROTATING HELICAL PIPE FILLED WITH SATURATED POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Sharma Krishan , Deepu P. , Kumar Subrata
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study the hydrothermal characteristics of flow inside a rotating helical pipe filled with saturated
homogeneous porous medium. The analysis is being carried out for the case of small curvature and torsion. Using the
perturbation approach, velocity and temperature fields are solved for both uniform wall heat flux and uniform wall
temperature boundary conditions. Perturbation expansion up to the third order is carried out to investigate the effect
of rotation on the flow. The influence of rotation on velocity is noticed as early as the first order, and on temperature solution, it has an effect in the third order. The influence of rotation on the Nusselt number does not appear till third order, and it is discovered that the Nusselt number grows as dimensionless curvature increases. Moreover, the theoretical results have been verified against experimental data from existing literature for the special case of zero rotation and curvature of the pipe. The available experimental data align well with and support the theoretical results in this limiting case.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELD AND THROUGHFLOW ON THE ONSET OF THERMO-BIOCONVECTION IN A FORCHHEIMER EXTENDED DARCY-BRINKMAN POROUS NANOFLUID LAYER CONTAINING GYROTACTIC MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Garg Arpan , Sharma Y. D. , Jain Subit K. , Maheshwari Sanjalee
Published: January 2024

This paper accommodates numerical investigation on the onset of magneto-thermo-bioconvection in the nanofluid
suspension of gyrotactic microbes saturated in a porous medium under the imposition of vertical throughflow and
quadratic drag. The modified Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model is utilized to drive the governing equations. The
normal mode technique along with linear stability analysis is imposed to establish the eigenvlaue problem. An eight-order Galerkin methodology is utilized to numerically extract the critical thermal Rayleigh number values from the
laborious eigenvalue problem. The power of vertical throughflow and quadratic drag is perceived to enhance the thermal energy transfer and stabilize the nanofluid suspension that consequently tries to restrict the convective process. The
intensity of the magnetic field is identified to delay the onset of magneto-thermo-bioconvection. It is also found that the presence of fast-moving gyrotactic microorganisms and top-heavy nanofluid concentration forms an unstable system
to accelerate the beginning of the magneto-thermo-bioconvection. The outcome of this work may find applications in microfluidic devices, enhanced oil recovery, and many other areas for controlling the speed of the convective process.
Response of anchor foundations in geogrid reinforced sand under combined loads
Authors: Mukherjee S. , Sivakumar Babu G. L.
Published: January 2024

The use of geogrid reinforcement has proven to be an effective measure to improve the anchor uplift capacity. However, previous studies are limited to analyzing the axial pullout capacity of plate anchors. In comparison, the anchor foundations employed in field are compelled to resist both uplift and lateral forces. In most cases, the foundation's safety against lateral forces dictates the design criteria for tall structures. Therefore, improving the foundation's lateral load-bearing capacity is of utmost importance. This paper presents a three-dimensional numerical analysis of anchor foundations in geogrid-reinforced sand under uplift and lateral forces. The results highlight the benefits of geogrid reinforcement on the anchor's response to uplift and lateral loads. The geogrid reinforcement is modelled using cable elements capturing the actual apertures responsible for tensile force mobilization along the geogrid ribs. A significant reduction in the displacements of the anchor foundation is observed in geogrid-reinforced sand, both in horizontal and vertical directions, when combined loads are applied on the anchor. However, the maximum reduction is found in the case of vertical uplift forces for higher values of the applied load. The practical implication of this study is demonstrated using a performance-based design example of transmission tower foundations in geogrid-reinforced sand.
National Competency Framework for Career Professionals: Assessment Forms
Authors: Kettunen Jaana , Vuorinen Raimo , Kasurinen Helena , Kukkaneva Eelis , Ruusuvirta-Uuksulainen Outi
Published: January 2024

This publication contains assessment forms designated to enable guidance professionals, teams, multidisciplinary networks, and organisations to assess their guidance competencies effectively. The forms are based on and complement the National Competency Framework for Career Professionals (Vuorinen, Kasurinen, Kettunen et al., 2023, 2024). The competency framework has been prepared as part of a national development project for lifelong guidance, which is funded by the EU’s Recovery and Resilience Facility and coordinated by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, and the Development and Administrative Services Centre (KEHA Centre).
THEORETICAL ISSUES OF DIGITALIZATION OF EDUCATION
Authors:   National School-Lyceum of Innovative Technologies named after professor A.Moldokulov, Kasymaliev Muratbek , Ashymbaeva Toktobubu ,   Ministry of Education and Science of the Kyrgyz Republic, Kozhobekov Kudaiberdi ,   Osh State University, Kaldybaev Salidin ,   Ala-Too International University
Published: January 2024

At present, the role of the issue of digitalization of society has grown. This was facilitated by official documents adopted in the Kyrgyz Republic aimed at the formation of a digital citizen. One of the important parts of the digitalization of society is the digitalization of education. In the implementation of this direction, an important task is to create appropriate conditions, update the content and objectives of education, as well as conduct scientific research. The article discusses the theoretical issues of digitalization of education. The role of the teacher in the formation of a digital citizen is highlighted here. The didactic principles of digitalization of education are analyzed. The learning objectives for the successful implementation of the principles and the learning process are highlighted. The didactic possibilities of digital technology in the formation of digital literacy of students are considered.
ADVANTAGES OF USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors:   National School-Lyceum of Innovative Technologies named after professor A.Moldokulov, Kasymaliev Muratbek , Ashymbaeva Toktobubu ,   Ministry of Education and Science of the Kyrgyz Republic, Kozhobekov Kudaiberdi ,   Osh State University, Erdolatov Sanzharbek ,   Ala-Too International University
Published: January 2024

Education is the fundamental basis of social development, and the emergence of digitalization in all spheres has significantly affected how knowledge is transmitted and acquired. Digitalization has revolutionized various aspects of human life, including education. The integration of digitalization into the educational process has opened up new opportunities for teaching and learning, improving the quality of education and turning traditional classrooms into a dynamic and interactive learning environment. This article examines the features and advantages of using digitalization in the educational process, emphasizes their impact on student engagement, knowledge acquisition and overall learning outcomes. In addition, problems and potential solutions related to the use of digitalization in education are discussed. The results emphasize the importance of effective integration strategies, professional development of teachers and infrastructural support to maximize the potential of digitalization in education.
Gülten Akın’ın Şiirlerinde “Ayna” İmgesinin Anlam Çağrışımları
Authors: KÖMÜR Yusuf
Published: January 2024

Gülten Akın, Türk edebiyatının önemli isimlerinden biri olarak şiirler ve diğer edebî türlerde eserler kaleme almış çok yönlü bir sanatçıdır. Şiirin vazgeçilmez unsurlarından olan sembol ve imgeyi ustalıkla kullanan şairin şiirlerindeki anlatım tercihlerinden biri de aynadır. Ayna, Akın’ın şiirlerinde çeşitli duygu ve düşüncelerin yansıtıldığı, görünür kılındığı, fark ettirildiği ve zaman zaman da anlamın daha kapalı hâle getirildiği bir anlatım aracı şeklinde değerlendirilebilir. Akın’ın şiir anlayışındaki değişimi, aynayı tercih ettiği şiirlerinde de görmek mümkündür. Özellikle Rüzgâr Saati, Kestim Kara Saçlarımı ve Sığda adlı şiir kitaplarında gençlik duygu-düşünceleri ve tabiat bireysellik yönelimlerinin merkezindedir. Sonraki şiirlerinde ise toplumsal meselelerin yer aldığı görülür. Başlangıçta bireysel meselelerin anlatım aracı olan ayna, şiir anlayışının toplumsal eğilimlere evirilmesiyle bireysellikten uzaklaşarak toplumcu bir duyarlılığı yansıtmaya başlar. Bu çalışmada aynanın tarihsel süreçte anlam çağrışımları üzerinde durularak sözlü ve yazılı anlatılarda kazandığı ifade gücünden hareketle Gülten Akın’ın şiirlerinde tercih ettiği ayna imgesi/sembolünün şiirlerine kattığı anlam ve anlatım imkânları yorumlanmaya/çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Ömer Ziyâüddin Dağıstânî ve Dönemin Siyasî Dönüşümüne Etkisi
Authors: KARASU Demet , KARASU Mehmet Kerem
Published: January 2024

İslami kaynaklar içerisinde önemli bir referans kaynağı olan hadis, dini boyutun yanı sıra sosyal hayata dair yönüyle de önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle sosyal boyutu, sahih hadislerin korunması ve meşrulaştırılması gereğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Hemen her dönemde değişim ve dönüşüm çabalarına bakılırsa, ulema kesimin toplum üzerindeki etkisi dikkate alındığında hadis ilminin özellikle Türk modernleşme sürecine etkisi yadırganamaz. Bu bağlamda tasavvuf ehli modernleşme sürecinde arka planda kalmayarak tam tersi istikamette, idareciler, dönemin yöneticileri üzerinde etkili olmuşlardır. Bunlardan bir tanesi de hiç kuşkusuz Gümüşhanevi dergâhı mensuplarından Ömer Ziyâüddin Dağıstânî’dir ki Dağıstânî bu anlamda devlet-tasavvuf ilişkisi üzerinde pek çok eser kaleme almıştır. Modernleşmeye karşı olmayan Dağıstânî, eserleriyle siyasî dönüşüme katkıda bulunmuştur. Devletin bekasını, modernizeyle birlikte tasavvuf özellikle de Kur’an ve Hadislerin bağdaştırılmasında görmüştür. Bu iki İslami ana kaynaktan vazgeçilmediği müddetçe devletin uzun ömürlü olacağı kanaatindedir. Bu bağlamda Dağıstânî’nin hadis eserleri, özellikle kırk hadis üzerindeki görüşleri ve siyasî açıdan ilişkilendirmesi dikkat çekmektedir. Bu hususta yapılan çalışma bu yönde değerlendirilecektir.
Cizye Defterlerine Göre 17. Yüzyılın Sonunda Siirt Şehrinde Bulunan Gayrimüslimlerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Durumları
Authors: DEMLİKOĞLU Uğur
Published: January 2024

Osmanlı Devleti, ülke sınırları içeresinde yaşayan zimmî statüsündeki gayrimüslimlerden kendilerine sunulan güvenlik ve himaye karşılığında cizye adı altında bir vergi almaktaydı. Temeli İslam hukukuna dayanan bu vergi; İmparatorluğunun eyalet dâhilinde bulunan kaza, nahiye, köy ve mezralarında yaşayan kanunlarda belirtilen şartlara haiz gayrimüslimlerden nakit olarak tahsil edilmekteydi. Osmanlı maliyesi için en önemli gelir kaynaklarından biri olan bu verginin kayıt altına alınması ve vergi mükelleflerinin tespiti amacıyla belirli dönemler halinde vücuda getirilmiş pek çok cizye defteri bulunmaktadır. Araştırmamıza konu olan 17. yüzyıl sonlarına doğru tertip edilmiş Siirt kazasına ait iki cizye defteri değerlendirilmiştir. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Osmanlı Arşiv kataloğunda bulunan 3409 numaralı defter 1690/91 (H.1102) yılına, 3640 numaralı defter ise 1694/95 (H. 1106) yılına aittir. Bu iki defterin yanında gayrimüslimlerin kayıt altına alındığı 16. yüzyıla ait tapu tahrir kayıtları da incelenerek her iki yüzyıldaki nüfus değişimleri ve bu değişme neden olabilecek siyasi sosyal ve ekonomik nedenler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
SHEARING STRESSES IN SUPPORT BEAMS OF ABOVE-GROUND PIPELINES
Authors: Serkunova D. E. , Sultanmagomedov S. M.
Published: January 2024

In this paper the influence of the ratio of the beam section height to the length of its span on the ratio of normal and tangential stresses in the transverse bending is investigated. As a result the dependences determining the conditions of excess of tangential stresses in the beam from transverse forces over normal stresses for various loading conditions are obtained, and also the dependence of the beam span length, providing equal strength of beams on the number of I-beam profile with and without taking into account the weight of the beam is received.
Građanska znanost
Authors: Ivanjko Tomislav , Zlodi Goran , Horvat Zoran
Published: January 2024

Građanska znanost, u širem smislu, praksa je javne participacije i suradnje u znanstvenom istraživanju s ciljem povećanja znanstveno utemeljenog znanja. Iako je građanska znanost postojala stoljećima, termin „građanska znanost” skovan je 1990-ih i od tada dobiva na popularnosti. Izrastao iz područja sudjelovanja „građana amatera” u znanstvenim istraživanjima u nizu različitih disciplina te na temeljima primjene rada mnoštva (engl. crowdsourcing), danas je koncept građanske znanosti pozicioniran unutar šireg područja otvorene znanosti te je građanska znanost prepoznata kao utemeljen i validan pristup znanstvenim istraživanjima. Postoji više područja na kojima građanska znanost donosi brojne prednosti za sudionike i istraživače. Međutim, primjena pristupa građanske znanosti ima i svoja ograničenja i izazove, uključujući osiguravanje kvalitete podataka, održavanje interesa i uključenosti građana te često, skepticizam znanstvene zajednice i nedostatak uspostavljenih potpornih struktura za financiranje i provođenje projekata. Kako bismo pružili čitateljima jasnoću, razumijevanje i orijentaciju u ovom dinamičnom području, sastavili smo ovu knjigu kao sveobuhvatan vodič kroz građansku znanost – od njezinih povijesnih korijena do suvremenih primjena i budućih perspektiva. Glavni cilj ove knjige obrazovati je i osnažiti istraživače, građane i voditelje radionica i programa građanske znanosti pružajući uvide u teorijske osnove, metode primjene i strategije za evaluaciju. Kroz detaljnu analizu ova knjiga pokušava razjasniti što građanska znanost zaista predstavlja, kako se razvijala tijekom vremena i kako se danas primjenjuje. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na važnost građanske znanosti u društvu kroz prikaz primjera njezinih primjena u humanističkim i društvenim istraživanjima u kojima se može olakšati prikupljanje podataka, potaknuti šira uključenost zajednice i poticati bolje razumijevanje društvenih fenomena. Svaka cjelina ove knjige konstruirana je tako da čitatelj može steći sveobuhvatno razumijevanje građanske znanosti – od njezinih teorijskih temelja do praktičnih smjernica. Knjiga je dizajnirana tako da potakne daljnje istraživanje i raspravu o građanskoj znanosti doprinoseći njezinu kontinuiranom razvoju i implementaciji. Knjiga je koncipirana kroz šest komplementarnih poglavlja, polazeći od šireg povijesnog i konceptualnog određenja područja građanske znanosti pa do specifičnih odrednica primjene građanske znanosti u kontekstu društveno-humanističkih istraživanja. Knjiga je nastala u okviru projekta Građanska znanost u društvenim i humanističkim istraživanjima: teorijski okvir i smjernice za primjenu koji je podržan sredstvima Filozofskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cellular dynamics and therapeutic effects of astragaloside IV in slow transit constipation
Authors: Chen Huaxian , Wan Xingyang , He Qiulan , Xiao Guozhong , Zheng Yihui , Luo Minyi , Yang Chaoxin , Ren Donglin , Lu Li , Peng Hui , Lin Hongcheng
Published: January 2024

The cellular characteristics of intestinal cells involved in the therapeutic effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) for treating slow transit constipation (STC) remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the dynamics of colon tissue cells in the STC model and investigate the effects of AS-IV treatment by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). STC mouse models were developed using loperamide, with subsequent treatment using AS-IV. Colon tissues and feces were collected for scRNA-seq and targeted short-chain fatty acid quantification. We integrated scRNA-seq data with network pharmacology to analyze the effect of AS-IV on constipation. AS-IV showed improvement in defecation for STC mice induced by loperamide. Notably, in STC mice, epithelial cells, T cells, B cells, and fibroblasts demonstrated alterations in cell proportions and aberrant functions, which AS-IV partially rectified. AS-IV has the potential to modulate the metabolic pathway of epithelial cells through its interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). AS-IV reinstated fecal butyrate levels and improved energy metabolism in epithelial cells. The proportion of naïve CD4+T cells is elevated in STC, and the differentiation of these cells into regulatory T cells (Treg) is regulated by B cells and fibroblasts through the interaction of ligand-receptor pairs. AS-IV treatment can partially alleviate this trend. The status of fibroblasts in STC undergoes alterations, and the FB_C4_Adamdec1 subset, associated with angiogenesis and the Wingless-related integration (Wnt) pathway, emerges. Our comprehensive analysis identifies perturbations of epithelial cells and tissue microenvironment cells in STC and elucidates mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of AS-IV.
Aprendizaje de vocabulario a través de neologismos en la prensa femenina española: una propuesta didáctica para inglés como l2 / Vocabulary learning through neologism in spanish women’s press: a didactic approach for learners of l2 english
Authors: Mondéjar Fuster María Dolores , Alcaraz Mármol Gema , Nowak Katarzyna Anna
Published: January 2024

Resumen En este estudiopresentamos una propuestadidáctica para la enseñanza devocabulario en inglés comosegunda lengua a través de losanglicismos encontrados en laprensa femenina española.Nuestro propósito es plantearuna serie de actividadesbasadas en neologismos parapoder captar la atención denuestro alumnado y tratar elléxico en un contexto auténticoy real. Las actividadespersiguen transmitir a losalumnos la universalidad de lalengua inglesa como vehículode comunicación fomentandosu uso y despertando su interésa través del vocabulario. Lapropuesta consta de cuatrosesiones donde se trabajandistintos aspectos léxicos: lospréstamos lingüísticos, el usodel diccionario, la formaciónde palabras y los campossemánticos.  AbstractThis paper presentsa didactic proposal onvocabulary teaching in anEnglish as a Second Languageclassroom, which focuses onanglicisms frequently found inSpanish women´s magazines.Our intention is to develop anumber of activities based onneological borrowings fromEnglish in order to draw ourstudents´ attention, and toapply them to real texts. Thepurpose of the activities is tomake our students reflect onthe universality of the Englishlanguage as a means ofcommunication. We seek topromote its usage, motivate ourstudents and raise their interestin English language learning.Our proposal includes foursessions, each of them focusingon different aspects of lexis:loanwords, using a dictionary,word formation and semanticfields.
Promoting Critical Thinking through the Modification of Questioning Verbs in Writing Assignments: A Study
Authors: Artero Pablo Agustín
Published: January 2024

Este estudio propone un objetivo doble. Por un lado, un análisis del pensamiento crítico y su aplicación a través de la escritura en alumnos de 3º de la E.S.O. Para ello, se modificó el lenguaje de las preguntas de escritura del libro de texto. A continuación, se implementó una unidad didáctica que destaca la importancia del pensamiento reflexivo para el desarrollo de textos más ricos. Por tanto, el objetivo del estudio es la modificación de verbos de susodichas preguntas por otros en niveles altos de la taxonomía de Bloom. Esta información se recogió a través de observación, cuestionarios inicial y final, y una unidad didáctica con actividades de escritura evaluadas.
 
Abstract
The aim of the present study is twofold. First off, an analysis regarding 3rd E.S.O students' critical thinking application was procured from their performance from a piece of writing. To promote critical thinking, modification of the language of questions in the course book was purposely executed. This was then followed by an implementation of a whole Didactic Unit designed to enhance the role of reflective questions in the creation of more complex writings. This language modification was erected through the use of verbs contained in Bloom’s taxonomy higher orders. The changes that led students to write longer texts or express more elaborate ideas are also addressed. The data was collected via observation, pre and post questionnaires, and writing assignments.
Keywords: Critical thinking; Writing; Bloom’s taxonomy; Student motivation; Questions.
L1 in CLIL: The case of Castilla-La Mancha / L1 en AICLE: El caso de Castilla-La Mancha
Authors: Martín-Macho Harrison Ana , Faya Cerqueiro Fátima
Published: January 2024

La enseñanza AICLE implica impartir una DNL (Disciplina No Lingüística) a través de una segunda lengua o lengua extranjera (L2), integrando lengua y contenido. Sin embargo, esta descripción general ignora los contextos docentes donde se emplea la lengua materna (L1). La elección de la lengua puede tener consecuencias tanto en la metodología, en situaciones de aula que favorezcan el uso de la L1, como en los instrumentos de evaluación. Actualmente, los investigadores admiten la importancia de la L1 en AICLE y la legislación sigue gradualmente sus indicaciones. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio piloto entre maestros de Educación Primaria en la comunidad autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha, España, con el fin de comprobar cómo se abordan estos temas/retos en la escuela. El objetivo del presente estudio es comparar los principales puntos de vista de los agentes implicados en AICLE. El estudio presenta una revisión bibliográfica de las tendencias y estudios recientes sobre AICLE y muestra cómo los recientes cambios legislativos en nuestra región se han adaptado a la investigación. Las opiniones expresadas por maestros en activo revelan la necesidad de indicaciones más claras en la legislación, que debe acercarse a la práctica docente.
 
Abstract
CLIL settings involve teaching a content subject through a second or foreign language (L2), integrating both language and content. However, this general description ignores classroom scenarios which include the use of the mother tongue (L1). The language choice may affect both methodological practices, namely classroom situations that favour the use of the L1, and also assessment instruments. Nowadays, scholars admit on the relevance of the L1 in CLIL and legislation gradually adapts to these indications. We have conducted a pilot study among Primary school teachers in the autonomous region of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain, in order to check how these issues are tackled at school. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to establish a comparison between the main views expressed by stakeholders involved in CLIL. The study presents a review of recent trends and studies in CLIL research that take into account the role of the L1 in methodology and in assessment, and it shows how recent policy changes in our region have adapted to research. Opinions held by in-service teachers reveal the need for clear policy guidelines, which must necessarily be close to classroom practice.
Keywords: CLIL; Assessment; Primary Education; Educative Legislation
Immunohistochemical fluorescent labelling and activity readout of striatal cholinergic interneuron activity v1
Authors: F Lopes Emanuel , J Cragg Stephanie
Published: January 2024

This protocol delineates a method to identify choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-expressing neurons and co-label these with a marker for global neuronal activity (phosphorylated-S6 Ribosomal Protein – pS6RP) in PFA perfusion-fixed 40 µm-thick mouse brain slices. Changes in the fluorescence of the pS6RP label are linked to changes in neuronal activity (Bertran-Gonzalez, J. et al. (2012)). Therefore, this immunohistochemical approach allows for the identification of cholinergic neurons alongside a readout of their activity. This protocol will focus on the use of this dual-labelling approach to target striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) but may be applied to other brain regions or neurons of interest.
Assessment of autophagic flux assay in the adult Drosophila brain v1
Authors: Feany Mel
Published: January 2024

Transgenic flies expressing GFP-mCherry-Atg8a (obtained from the BloomingtonDrosophilaStock Center) under the control of theneuronal nSyb-GAL4 driver are used for assaying autophagic flux.
Neuromelanin Processing and Image Acquisition v1
Authors: Filimontseva Anastasia , Fu YuHong , Halliday Glenda
Published: January 2024

Protocol for preparing post-mortem tissue for intracellular NM quantification.
EBT buffer v1
Authors: Schmidt Anna , Nagel Sarah , Meyer Matthias
Published: January 2024

EBT buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, 0.05% Tween-20, pH 8.0) is used in various steps of sample preparation by the Ancient DNA Core Unit of the MPI-EVA.
Cortical neuron differentiation using forced NGN2 expression v1
Authors: Weykopf Beatrice
Published: January 2024

This is a modified protocol based on (Zhang et al.2013 and Meijer et al., 2019) to generate cryopreserved NGN2 neurons, using hPSCs that carry a doxycline-inducible NGN2 cassette. The voluming are calculated for 10cm TC dishes and should be adapted accordingly
Functionally Independent Programs in Multitasking Environment
Authors:   Federal State Institution Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117218, Russian Federation, Griuntal A. I.
Published: January 2024

his paper introduces a new concept of information security in respect to multitasking computational systems. According to the proposed definition a multitasking computational system is information secure, if execution of any application cannot negatively influence on other applications. Thus information security is being considered as protection of executing application and system programs from arbitrary actions of other application programs. Information security is provided by the software and hardware architecture, which guarantee information and functional independence of system and application programs and in time resource availability. A program is functionally independent if an execution sequence of program commands and a program itself could not be changed by other programs. This ensures integrity of programs. Compliance with there conditions is ensured by some technological and hardware means including static program and data allocation, separation of configuration and execution stages, special hardware features, minimizing the complexity of system programs. A computational system model is introduced for which functional independence requirements are fulfilled. Implementation of the model needs a new kind of hardware. Execution of some typical algorithms must be performed by hardware. Some computations performing as a rule by operating system are executed on configuration stage. The computational system consists of hardware, system programs and application programs. System programs nomenclature and their configuration do not depend on application programs. System programs and application programs do not depend on each other according to the data. A processor as a part of hardware can execute in addition to commands processor transactions, i.e. standard programs, determining computational process. Implementation of some programs as processor transactions allows to protect the computational system from uncontrolled interference by application programs. The model does not use any hardware means for memory protection. This is implemented using system programs. Planning is carried out by system programs. The scheduling algorithm guarantees the integrity of system and application programs. When scheduling, processing of application-specific data is carried out by processor transactions. This provides information security at the scheduling stage. The proposed hardware and software architecture can be used in information and computing systems for the maintenance of critical objects. Architecture can serve as a conceptual basis for creating systems for which information security requirements are primary, especially for those that function in real time.
THE SCROTAL COLOUR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND FINDINGS IN INFERTILE MEN FROM 2014 TO 2017 IN SULAYMANIYAH/ IRAQ
Authors: Rasul Baqi
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMale factor infertility is an increasing clinical problem. The use of Colour Doppler Ultrasonography (CDUS) in a noninvasive imaging technique can help diagnose testicular and extra-testicular abnormalities, especially in patients presented; CDUS is one of the best imaging modality choices in infertility evaluation.

ObjectiveTo determine the capability of the CDUS in identifying the cause of male infertility.

MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed on 309 infertile males referred from Infertility Center /Sulaimani City/ Iraq; the study extended from the year 2014 till the end of 2017. Colour Doppler Ultrasound of the scrotum and its contents was done for each participant in the study group to allocate the possible cause of infertility for each of them. Siemens Acuson X 300- 2010 Ultrasound machine was used for scrotal examination; the type of probe is a linear probe with frequency VF 10-5 MHz.

ResultsThe Colour Doppler Ultrasound of the scrotum detected the presence of abnormal findings in 266/309 (86%) of infertile men; six abnormalities were identified, these are in descending frequency: varicocele 143/309 (46%), thick epididymis in 99/309 (32%) of patients, testicular atrophy in 73/309 (23%) of patients, thick spermatic cord in 28/309 (9%), and cystic transformation of rete testes which was present in 17 (5.5 %) cases.

ConclusionScrotal Colour Doppler ultrasound is an effective, safe, and easy method to detect the leading causes of male factor infertility; it can detect varicocele, thick epididymis, thick spermatic cord, testicular atrophy, cystic transformation of rete testes, or undescended testicle. It would be very beneficial if all male patients with infertility undergo ultrasonic examination of their scrotum.
Enhancing Security Metrics of Machine Learning Models and TOR against Malicious Attacks
Authors: T. Gayathri Et al.
Published: January 2024

With the increasing sophistication of cyber attacks, it has become essential for network security professionals to develop robust and effective methods for detecting BOT attacks. Machine learning algorithms have emerged as a promising solution in this regard, offering the ability to learn from data and detect patterns that may be indicative of malicious activity. Onion routing is a technique which protects internet user from the malicious attacks. Due to its slow performance in multi-layer of encryption and data can be routed to several servers. In our research we can combine onion routing with machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we analysed the performance of several popular machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Neural Network Stochastic Gradient Descent, Neural Network Limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno, Neural Network adam, K-means Clustering, Hidden Markov Models (HMM), and Logistic Regression, for detecting BOT attacks in a network and portable executable file (PE File) modification. We begin by providing an overview of BOT attacks , PE file modification and the different machine learning algorithms used for detecting them. Next, we explore the performance metrics used to evaluate these algorithms and compare their performance based on these metrics. Finally, we identify the algorithm(s) that perform better in detecting BOT attacks and compared with initial model and resilient model of PE file. By the end of this paper, readers will have a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of different machine learning algorithms for detecting BOT attacks in a network.
Advancement in Denoising MRI Images via 3D-GAN Model with Direction Coupled Magnitude Histogram Consistency Loss
Authors: A. Aaisha Nazleem Et al.
Published: January 2024

The diagnostics of medical pictures are essential for recognizing and comprehending a wide range of medical problems. This work introduces the Direction Coupled Magnitude Histogram (DCMH) as a novel structure picture descriptor to improve diagnostic accuracy. One of DCMH's unique selling points is its ability to include the edge oriented information that are oriented in any way inside a frame, enabling the expression of delicate nuances using various gradient features. The proposed method applies cartoon texture based textural loss and DCMH based structural loss to identify and analyse structural and textural information during the denoising time. A major contribution that improves the interpretability of images by emphasizing structural aspects that is inherent to the image. The proposed DCMH_3D_GANaverage results show exceptional performance, with an SSIM of 0.972995 and PSNR of 48.74, highlighting the effectiveness of the DCMH-based method in enhancing medical picture diagnosis. The capacity of Structured Loss to improve picture interpretability and lead to a more precise diagnosis is unquestionably advantageous. The newly developed DCMH-based approach, which includes texture loss and structured components, is a promising development in healthcare image processing that will enable better patient care through enhanced diagnostic abilities.
An Innovative Hybrid Approach for Predicting Crop Yields across Diverse States and Crops
Authors: M. Revathi Et al.
Published: January 2024

The use of machine learning and deep learning may help estimate crops by automatically extracting attributes and learning from information. Meanwhile, smart farming technology aids farmers in increasing yields by isolating key factors in plant development. In this study, we present a unique hybrid approach (SLR) for predicting crops by extracting key characteristics from SVM (Support Vector Machine), LSTM (Long-Short Term Memory), or RNN (Recurrent Neural Network).  Here, we experimented with crops from a variety of states to estimate their potential yields in quintals per hectare. The suggested method has a37.45 percent precision rate, an 80.00 percent recall rate, a51.01 percent fscore, a93.64 percent specificity rate, and an accuracy rate of 93.02 percent.
Exploring Effective Classroom Management Techniques in English Teaching
Authors: Mahjabeen Mohammed Yousuf Et al.
Published: January 2024

This article's objective is to investigate a variety of effective classroom management strategies that can be executed in the context of English instruction. Setting clear expectations, cultivating positive relationships, employing positive reinforcement, implementing consistent discipline, practising effective time management, employing a variety of teaching methods, making wise use of technology, organizing classroom seating arrangement, ensuring clear communication, incorporating student's voice, addressing issues promptly, and reflecting and adjusting are some of the techniques that are included in the techniques. English teachers can cultivate a constructive and fruitful learning environment for their pupils by learning about and putting into practice the aforementioned strategies.
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Vijaysinh Patil Et al.
Published: January 2024

In the field of cardiovascular medicine, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, or HFpEF, poses substantial diagnostic and treatment challenges. The numerous difficulties in identifying and treating HFpEF are outlined in this study. These difficulties include difficult diagnostic standards, complex differential diagnoses, a dearth of evidence-based treatments, and new directions in the field of healthcare. Uncertainties in diagnosis and possible misclassification result from a lack of specific criteria, which are mostly based on ventricular-arterial coupling evaluations, imaging modalities, and symptomatology. Due to overlapping clinical symptoms with several comorbidities, including obesity-related heart disease, chronic renal disease, and hypertension, the differential diagnosis of HFpEF is difficult and requires careful assessment in order to make an appropriate diagnosis. The primary goals of management techniques are symptom alleviation and comorbidity control, however it is uncertain how these goals will affect long-term results. Non-pharmacological therapies, which include dietary changes, exercise routines, and lifestyle alterations, are viable pathways for improving quality of life and functional ability. Further research focuses on innovative pharmacological drugs that target certain pathophysiological pathways, improved cardiovascular imaging, customised clinical trials, and precision medicine strategies utilising biomarkers. These initiatives seek to develop novel management approaches for HFpEF, specify treatment targets, and clarify diagnostic criteria. Improving outcomes for people with HFpEF requires addressing these issues and utilising novel medicines.
Advancements in Prostate Cancer Imaging: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Yogesh R. Jadhav Et al.
Published: January 2024

The diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer have been completely transformed by the developments in imaging technology. The development of imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), is examined in this overview, with an emphasis on the diagnostic value of each and the consequences for treatment choices. These methods help with risk assessment and biopsy guiding by providing improved sensitivity and specificity in the detection and characterization of prostate lesions. Focal treatment and image-guided radiation therapy are two examples of imaging-guided therapies that take advantage of accurate lesion location to maximise therapeutic methods and minimise adverse effects. Furthermore, even at lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, the incorporation of new molecular imaging tracers—in particular, PSMA ligands—has revolutionised staging accuracy and treatment response evaluation.

Notwithstanding these developments, standardisation, affordability, and accessibility issues still exist, impeding wider use. It is important to tackle these obstacles in order to guarantee fair and consistent imaging procedures. Prospective avenues for advancement include the utilisation of cutting-edge technology such as artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance diagnostic precision and customise treatment plans. This thorough analysis highlights the revolutionary effects of cutting-edge imaging modalities on the treatment of prostate cancer and highlights the necessity of teamwork in order to overcome obstacles and improve patient care pathways.
A Review on Ai based Data Authentication by Monitoring Behavioural Pattern
Authors: Praveen Kumar Chandapeta Et al.
Published: January 2024

In this study, we do an experiment to examine the viability of a continually authenticating approach based on the monitoring of users' activities to confirm their identities using particular user profiles that are modeled using AI techniques. To carry out the experiment, a unique application was created to collect user data in a supervised situation in which certain tasks must be finished in advance. After anonymization, this dataset will be made accessible to the public. Furthermore, a publicly available dataset was utilized for benchmarking, enabling our methods to be verified in an unguided environment. These data were processed to identify several important properties that might be utilized for training three distinct AI methods: Multi-Layer Perceptrons, Support Vector Machines, and a deep learning network. These methods proved to be successful in both situations and were able to effectively authenticate users. To detect imposters when an authenticated session is hijacked in a real-world setting, a continuous authentication method was designed and tested utilizing weighted sliding windows, and a rejection test was finally carried out.
Harvesting Intelligence: A Comprehensive Study on Transforming Aquaponic Agriculture with AI and IoT
Authors: R. Arthy Et al.
Published: January 2024

Aquaponics, an agricultural technique that merges aquaculture and hydroponics, is on the brink of a transformative advancement with the amalgamation of Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and the Internet of Things (IoT). The incorporation of these cutting edge technologies in the field of aquaponics is bringing about a profound transformation in the realm of sustainable agriculture. This extensive investigation delves into the profound influence of these cutting-edge technologies on aquaponics, with a focus on predictive analysis, system optimization, environmental monitoring, and disease prevention. By means of ML and DL algorithms, historical and real-time data are scrutinized in order to forecast environmental fluctuations, optimize resource allocation, and facilitate the growth of crops and fish. IoT devices consistently gather data pertaining to crucial parameters, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and control of the aquaponic system. Furthermore, IoT technology enhances resource utilization and grants the ability to remotely monitor and manage the system. The detection of abnormalities in fish behavior and plant health through the utilization of ML and DL algorithms allows for the implementation of proactive measures aimed at preventing outbreaks and minimizing losses. Furthermore, these advanced technologies also offer personalized recommendations for effective management of various crop and fish species. The incorporation of ML, DL, and IoT into the field of aquaponics signifies a substantial advancement towards a more sustainable, efficient, and productive form of agriculture. These innovative technologies possess the capability to effectively address the challenges associated with global food security by optimizing the utilization of resources, maintaining environmental equilibrium, and mitigating the occurrence of disease outbreaks. In the context of the examined research endeavors presented in this article, it is anticipated that the utilization of smart control units in conjunction with the aquaponics system will yield greater profitability, increased intelligence, enhanced precision, and heightened efficacy. In the context of the examined research endeavors presented in this article, it is anticipated that the utilization of ML, DL and IoT in conjunction with the aquaponics system will yield greater profitability, increased intelligence, enhanced precision, and heightened efficacy.
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education during and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Need, Transition and Transformation
Authors: Luis Alex Valenzuela-Fernandez Et al.
Published: January 2024

The aim of this article focuses on the achievements and challenges of the application of AI (artificial intelligence) based technologies in the field of higher education. Articles on AI-based technologies and their relationship with higher education have been collected from databases such as WOS, Scopus, ProQuest, Ebsco and PudMed. It oriented the analysis to provide the various contributions about technologies, methodologies, processes and learning contexts based on AI that have been emerging during the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in the university context. This article focuses on the achievements and challenges of the application of AI based technologies in the field of higher education, and we provide a series of relevant data, examples and explicit studies on the titanic potential of AI in its adaptation to higher education, emphasising crucial aspects of the application of new technologies and their aspects in the current scenario.
A Novel Transient Search Optimization for Optimal Directional Over Current Relay Coordination for Multi-technology Microgrid Protection
Authors: Naveen Kumar Et al.
Published: January 2024

The directional overcurrent relays (DOCR) are a critical protection component in microgrids. Incorporating distributed generation into the microgrid can result in a breach of relay coordination within the distribution system. Variations in the magnitudes and directions of short-circuit currents can lead to erroneous tripping or failure to trip of DOCR in the system. As a consequence, the existing protection system may operate inaccurately. Hence, the failure of coordination between the primary and backup relays has a detrimental effect on the protection system. The current plug setting (CPS) and time dial setting (TDS) are key factors in determining the configuration of DOCR. Achieving proper coordination of these relays is a widely acknowledged challenging task due to the highly constrained nonlinear optimization problem it presents. Furthermore, the intricacy of this non-linearity increases as the network size grows. This paper introduces for the very first time a Transient Search optimization (TSO) based relay coordination for the protection of microgrids. Therefore, this research paper proposed a novel approach to optimize the coordination of DOCR in microgrids by employing the TSO algorithm with a modified objective function. The proposed objective function improves the relay coordination in the grid-connected and islanded mode of operation. The performance of the proposed method is assessed through testing on a multi-technology DG-connected 7-bus microgrid network. To demonstrate its effectiveness, it is compared to other popular metaheuristic optimization techniques. Moreover, the proposed algorithm successfully minimizes the total operating time while ensuring compliance with all constraints. The study validates that the proposed algorithm offers an efficient solution for the DOCR coordination problem, which holds significant benefits for microgrid protection.
A Robust Intuitionistic Fuzzy Constraint Score based Potential Feature Subset Selection for Chronic Diseases Detection
Authors: S. Sabeena Et al.
Published: January 2024

This work proposes a novel feature selection algorithm for high-dimensional features in real-time datasets for prediction or classification. Conventional methods assume dataset values as crisp formats, but in real datasets, instances are represented in linguistic formats, requiring the use of uncertainty theories. The Intuitionistic Fuzzy Similarity based constraint score is proposed, where each feature is denoted as an independent variable and the class variable as a dependent variable. The features are represented in triplet form, with grade of belongingness, non-belongingness, and hesitancy index to maximize relevancy and reduce redundancy. Pairwise similarity matching is computed using Intuitionistic fuzzy similarity distance measure for supervised learning and intuitionistic fuzzy K-NN for semi-supervised learning. Potential feature subsets are selected and validated using deep learning algorithms. The results show that the proposed Intuitionistic fuzzy Constraint score feature selection algorithm produces optimal results compared to other state-of-the-art methods in chronic disease prediction.