bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Direct‐Type Aldol Reactions of Fluorenylidene‐Protected/Activated Glycine Esters with Aldehydes for the Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy‐α‐amino Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Rahmani Raphael , Matsumoto Masatoshi , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shu
Published: August 2012

Aldol reaction of glycine Schiff base (I) with various aliphatic aldehydes provides the desired aldol products with high diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: A Reusable TNF‐Tagged Chiral Bis(oxazoline)—Copper Catalyst for Diels—Alder Transformations.
Authors: Didier Dorian , Schulz Emmanuelle
Published: August 2012

BOA is applied to Diels—Alder reactions between N‐acyloxazolidinones and cyclopentadiene to give bicyclic products (III) as major diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Allenes by Sequential Creation of Stereogenic Center and Chirality Transfer in a Single Pot Operation.
Authors: Periasamy Mariappan , Sanjeevakumar Nalluri , Dalai Manasi , Gurubrahamam Ramani , Reddy Polimera Obula
Published: August 2012

Under these conditions, a wide range of chiral allenes is available.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective C—S Bond Formation Accomplished by Copper‐Catalyzed Regioselective C—F Substitution of Perfluoroarenes with Aryl Thioacetates or Benzyl Thioacetate.
Authors: Zhou Qizhong , Zhang Bin , Du Tieqi , Gu Haining , Jiang Huajiang , Chen Rener
Published: August 2012

The method shows good regioselectivity and provides a useful and operationally simple access to polyfluoroaryl thioethers.
ChemInform Abstract: Rationally Designed Amide Donors for Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Reactions.
Authors: Tan Bin , Hernandez‐Torres Gloria , Barbas Carlos F. III
Published: August 2012

The pyrazoleamide group performs as an ester equivalent, a directing and activating group, and functions as a good leaving group in further transformations.
ChemInform Abstract: DDQ‐Mediated Direct Oxidative Coupling of Amides with Benzylic and Allylic sp3 C—H Bonds under Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Ramesh D. , Ramulu U. , Mukkanti K. , Venkateswarlu Y.
Published: August 2012

Benzylic and allylic substrates react highly efficient to produce the corresponding amidation products with moderate to good yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Dimerization of Styrenes to 1,5‐Diarylpent‐1‐en‐3‐ones.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: August 2012

The present new method is the first general procedure for the carbonylative dimerization of aromatic olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Regiospecific Synthesis of Pseudohalohydrin Esters.
Authors: El Khatib Mirna , Elagawany Mohamed , Todadze Ekaterina , Khelashvili Levan , El‐Feky Said A. , Katritzky Alan R.
Published: August 2012

The reaction of N‐acylbenzotriazoles with epoxides provides products which constitute halohydrin ester surrogates.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides Catalyzed by Palladium(II) Pyridoxal Hydrazone Complexes.
Authors: Pandiarajan Devaraj , Ramesh Rengan
Published: August 2012

New complexes are synthesized and PHC is found to be best for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate‐Controlled and Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Aminobut‐2‐ene‐1,4‐diones.
Authors: Deng Cong , Yang Yan , Gao Meng , Zhu Yan‐Ping , Wu An‐Xin , Ma Jun‐Rui , Yin Guo‐Dong
Published: August 2012

Methylthio‐substituted enediones are applied as mixtures of (E)/(Z)‐isomers in the optimized reaction with primary or secondary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Mizoroki—Heck and Sonogashira Cross‐Couplings Catalyzed by CNC Palladium Pincer Complexes in Organic and Aqueous Media.
Authors: SanMartin Raul , Ines Blanca , Moure Maria Jesus , Herrero Maria Teresa , Dominguez Esther
Published: August 2012

The Pd pincer complex is successfully applied to the title reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahydroanthracen‐9‐ones by the Domino Aldol Condensation/Diels—Alder Cycloaddition.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Wu Ming‐Hao
Published: August 2012

Sequential NaOH‐mediated aldol condensation of allylacetophenones with cinnamaldehyde, intramolecular Diels—Alder reaction, and double bond migration allows the synthesis of the biologically interesting title compounds in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II) Triflate Catalyzed Amination and Aziridination of 2‐Alkyl Substituted 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Ton Thi My Uyen , Tejo Ciputra , Tiong Diane Ling Ying , Chan Philip Wai Hong
Published: August 2012

A slight modification in the reaction conditions allows for selective aziridination or amination of the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Trisubstituted Azetidines by Reductive Cyclization of Aza‐Michael Adducts of Enones.
Authors: Kapoor Ritu , Chawla Ruchi , Singh Santosh , Yadav Lal Dhar S.
Published: August 2012

A one‐pot two‐step sequence involving aza‐Michael addition of phosphoramidates to α,β‐unsaturated ketones is catalyzed by chiral primary amine salt (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of the Versatile Phthalide Building Blocks, 5,6‐Diaminoisobenzofuran‐1(3H)‐one (IV) and 5H,7H‐Furo[3,4‐f][2,1,3]benzothiadiazol‐5‐one (V).
Authors: Molnar Balazs , Simig Gyula , Bako Tibor , Dancso Andras , Volk Balazs
Published: August 2012

Starting from 5‐chloroisobenzofuran‐1(3H)‐one a novel synthesis of 5,6‐diaminophathalide (IV) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: 12‐Tungstophosphoric Acid Immobilized on γ‐Fe2O3@SiO2 Core—Shell Nanoparticles: An Effective Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Indole Derivatives in Water.
Authors: Rafiee Ezzat , Eavani Sara , Malaekeh‐Nikouei Bizhan
Published: August 2012

The catalyst is recovered using an external magnetic field and reused several times without loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Ketosulfonyl Indoles in the Regiodefined Synthesis of Tryptophols and Related Indole Derivatives.
Authors: Palmieri Alessandro , Petrini Marino
Published: August 2012

Reduction of ketosulfonyl indoles such as (I) or (III) with sodium borohydride allows the entry to tryptophols in a regiocomplementary fashion with respect to the traditional oxirane ring‐opening by indoles under Friedel—Crafts conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of C3‐Quaternary Indolenines Using α,β‐Unsaturated N‐Aryl Ketonitrones and Activated Alkynes.
Authors: Huehls C. Bryan , Hood Tyler S. , Yang Jiong
Published: August 2012

Title compounds, obtained by reaction of readily available α,β‐unsaturated N‐aryl ketonitrones and activated alkynes, are potentially applicable to the synthesis of complex indole alkaloids and related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: New Multicomponent Domino Reaction on Water: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spiro[indoline‐3,4′‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines] Catalyzed by NaCl.
Authors: Dandia Anshu , Laxkar Ashok Kumar , Singh Ruby
Published: August 2012

The novel regioselective protocol allows a significant improvement of the yields by addition of catalytic amounts of NaCl to the aqueous solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Carbazolones and 3‐Acetylindoles via Oxidative C—N Bond Formation Through PIFA‐Mediated Annulation of 2‐Aryl Enaminones.
Authors: Ban Xu , Pan Yan , Lin Yingfu , Wang Songqing , Du Yunfei , Zhao Kang
Published: August 2012

An alternative approach to the synthesis of the title compounds under metal‐free and mild conditions including a simple work‐up is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Proton Catalysis of Secondary Nitroalkane Additions to Azomethine: Synthesis of a Potent GlyT1 Inhibitor.
Authors: Davis Tyler A. , Danneman Michael W. , Johnston Jeffrey N.
Published: August 2012

A known GlyT1 inhibitor (VI) is prepared via an enantioselective aza‐Henry reaction of 3‐nitroazetidine (III) with imine (IV) as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Coupling of Substituted 2‐Amino‐1,3‐oxazoles with Chloro‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Noonan Gary M. , Dishington Allan P. , Pink Jennifer , Campell Andrew D.
Published: August 2012

The effect of substituents on the efficiency of the coupling is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Isoxazole Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as DNA‐Intercalating Agents.
Authors: Rescifina Antonio , Varrica Maria Giulia , Carnovale Caterina , Romeo Giovanni , Chiacchio Ugo
Published: August 2012

The third generation of isoxazole polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, possessing binding constants enabling easy diffusion of targeting remotely implanted tumors, is synthesized accordingly to the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition methodology.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Search for Potential anti‐Trypanosoma cruzi Drugs: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylamino and 1,2,3‐Triazolic Naphthoquinoidal Compounds Obtained by Click Chemistry Reactions.
Authors: da Silva Junior Eufranio N. , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

2‐Hydroxy‐3‐substituted aminomethyl napthoquinones, napthoquinone‐based triazoles (III) and (VI), nor‐β‐lapachone‐based triazoles (VIII) and further lapachol derivatives are prepared and evaluated against the infective bloodstream form of T.cruzi.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of CS‐2100, a Potent, Orally Active and S1P3‐Sparing S1P1 Agonist.
Authors: Nishi Takahide , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

The route to the title agonist involves construction of the oxadiazole ring via esterification of key intermediate amidoxime (VII) with phenoxybenzoic acid (VIII) in the presence of WSC.HCl and HOBt.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of New N,N′‐[5,5′‐{2,2′‐(Bis‐alkoxy)bis(2,1‐phenylene)}bis (4‐acetyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐5,2‐diyl)]diacetamide.
Authors: Yusuf Mohamad , Solanki Indu , Jain Payal
Published: August 2012

New rigid chain linked bisthiadiazolines (VII) and (IX) are synthesized starting from aldehydes (I) and (VIII), resp., and dibromides (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Selenium‐ and Tellurium‐Containing Tetrazoles: A Class of Chalcogen Compounds with Antifungal Activity.
Authors: Libero Francieli M. , Xavier Mauricio C. D. , Victoria Francine N. , Nascente Patricia S. , Savegnago Lucielli , Perin Gelson , Alves Diego
Published: August 2012

Reaction of chalcogenides with chloronitriles followed by azide 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition at the resulting nitriles yields various title compounds which show significant antifungal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Arylaminotetrazoles by ZnCl2/AlCl3/Silica as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Habibi Davood , Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud
Published: August 2012

Tetrazole derivatives of type (II) and (III) are prepared from arylcyanamides (I) and NaN3 using the system ZnCl2/AlCl3/silica as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Four‐Component Reaction of Aldehydes, Isocyanides, Me3SiN3, and Aliphatic Alcohols Catalyzed by Indium Triflate.
Authors: Yanai Hikaru , Sakiyama Takuji , Oguchi Tomoko , Taguchi Takeo
Published: August 2012

Optimized conditions are developed for the title reaction to yield alkoxylated tetrazoles.accompanied by small amounts of amides (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient MCRs Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Pyrano[4,3‐b]pyrans and Their Further Transformation.
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Jia , Zhang Li , Song Liping , Zhang Min , Cao Weiguo , Deng Hongmei , Shao Min
Published: August 2012

The three‐component reaction provides the direct adducts (IV) as stable products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chromans Through RCM‐Transfer Hydrogenation.
Authors: Schmidt Bernd , Krehl Stefan , Sotelo‐Meza Veronica
Published: August 2012

Highly selective Ru‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis directly followed by transfer‐hydrogenation allows the synthesis of chromans from 2‐(allyloxy)styrenes in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyethylene Glycol (PEG‐400): An Efficient and Recyclable Reaction Medium for the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Karnakar K. , Murthy S. Narayana , Ramesh K. , Satish G. , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Nageswar Y. V. D.
Published: August 2012

The one‐pot three‐component reaction renders possible the synthesis of various title compounds (27 examples), which represent the heterocyclic skeleton of important drugs.
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazonaphthyridine Systems. Part 2. Functionalization of the Phenyl Ring Linked to the Pyridine Pharmacophore and Its Replacement by a Pyridinone Ring Produces Intriguing Differences in Cytocidal Activity.
Authors: Moreau Emmanuel , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

The access to different arylimidazonaphthyridine systems is achieved involving a modified Friedlnder method, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Building Libraries of Skeletally Diverse Scaffolds from Novel Heterocyclic Active Methylene Compound Through Multi‐Component Reactions.
Authors: Jayarajan Ramasamy , Vasuki Gnanasambandam
Published: August 2012

Condensation of the aminopyrazole (I) with diethyl malonate yields a novel heterocyclic active methylene compound (III) as main product.
ChemInform Abstract: Diazaheterocycle Analogues of Tetracene: Synthesis and Properties of a Naphtho‐Fused Cinnoline and a Naphtho‐Fused Isoindazole.
Authors: Young Brian S. , Marshall Jonathan L. , MacDonald Ellen , Vonnegut Chris L. , Haley Michael M.
Published: August 2012

Compounds (IV) and (VI) show red‐shifted absorbance and large stokes shift.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Pyrimidinone Derivatives: Synthesis, Antitumor and Antimicrobial Evaluation.
Authors: Taher Azza Taher , Helwa Amira Atef
Published: August 2012

A variety of new pyrimidine derivatives including triazolopyrimidines (VII) and pyrimidotriazinones (IX) is synthesized starting from tetrahydropyrimidine‐5‐carbonitriles (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Some Novel [1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5‐α]pyrimidine Derivatives for Anticancer Activity.
Authors: Pattan Shashikant , Hole Mangesh , Pattan Jayshri , Dengale Santosh , Shinde Hemlata , Muluk Rekha , Nirmal Sunil , Jadhav Ravindra
Published: August 2012

All products show promising anticancer activity compared to the standard drug cyclophosphamide.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinazolinone‐Directed C—H Activation: A Novel Strategy for the Acetoxylation—Methoxylation of the Arenes.
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Narasimhulu G. , Umadevi N. , Yadav J. S.
Published: August 2012

Various 2‐aryl‐4‐quinazolines are ortho‐selectivity mono‐ or bis‐acetoxylated with acetic anhydride according to A) or B).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile IL—DMSO‐Assisted Synthesis of 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐Membered Benzoanellated Cyclic Guanidines.
Authors: Verma Amit , Giridhar Rajani , Modh Pratik , Yadav Mange Ram
Published: August 2012

The synthesis of biologically interesting title compounds with different ring size is best achieved by a reaction of appropriate diamines with BrCN in a mixture of DMSO and an ionic liquid.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Preparation of Tetrasubstituted Pyrazines Starting from Pyrazin‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Modha Sachin G. , Trivedi Jalpa C. , Mehta Vaibhav P. , Ermolat'ev Denis S. , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: August 2012

Based on the Liebeskind—Srogl cross‐coupling on pyrazines of type (I), microwave procedures are developed to synthesize pyrazinyl‐substituted alkynes (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions of 2,6‐Dichloroquinoxaline.
Authors: Ali Iftikhar , Siyo Baraa , Al‐Soud Yaseen , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter
Published: August 2012

The title reaction proceeds selectiveley at the 2‐chloro substituent of substrate (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Room‐Temperature Synthesis of Isoquino[2,1‐a][3,1]oxazine and Isoquino[2,1‐a]pyrimidine Derivatives via Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Xuan Jun , Feng Zhu‐Jia , Duan Shu‐Wen , Xiao Wen‐Jing
Published: August 2012

A novel, mild, scalable, and efficient procedure for the synthesis of the title compounds is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitory Effect of Novel S,N‐Bisphosphonates on Some Carcinoma Cell Lines, Osteoarthritis, and Chronic Inflammation.
Authors: Kamel Azza A. , Geronikaki Athina , Abdou Wafaa M.
Published: August 2012

The chemistry of the thiobenzothiazine scaffold is utilized, demonstrating a site‐selective method for making condensation products of bisphosphonates in satisfactory yields from thiazinethiones (I), (V) and (VII) and tetraethyl methylenebisphosphonate (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis, Absolute Configuration, and Biological Activity of Xyloallenoide A.
Authors: Wang San‐Yong , Xu Zhong‐Liang , Wang Hui , Li Chun‐Rong , Fu Li‐Wu , Pang Ji‐Yan , Li Jing , She Zhi‐Gang , Lin Yong‐Cheng
Published: August 2012

Title compound (Ia) and its diastereomer xyloallenoide A1 (Ib) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure—Activity Relationship and in vitro Antimycobacterial Evaluation of 13‐n‐Octylberberine Derivatives.
Authors: Song Dan‐Qing , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

This structure—activity relationship study is conducted aiming at the variation of substituents at positions 2,3 and/or 9, retaining the octyl group at position 13, with (III) being the lead.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of Purines to N‐Boc Imines Generated in situ in Water: Efficient Synthesis of Novel Acyclic Purine Azanucleosides.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Lian Chun‐Xia , Yuan Wei‐Cheng , Zhang Xiao‐Mei
Published: August 2012

The method is also applicable to some further N‐heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Synthesis of 8‐Vinyl‐ and 8‐Styryl‐2′‐deoxyguanosine Modified DNA — Novel Fluorescent Molecular Probes.
Authors: Holzberger Bastian , Strohmeier Julian , Siegmund Vanessa , Diederichsen Ulf , Marx Andreas
Published: August 2012

8‐Vinyl‐ and 8‐styryl‐2′‐deoxyguanosine are synthesized, converted into corresponding 5′‐triphosphates and processed by various DNA polymerases to create fluorescent DNA.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of ETP‐46321, a Potent and Orally Bioavailable PI3K α, δ Inhibitor.
Authors: Pastor Joaquin , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

The optimization of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazines leads to the identification of (I) (ETP‐46321) as a potent and orally bioavailable PI3K α,δ inhibitor.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of Breast Cancer Stem Cells.
Authors: Munoz Benito , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

A class of acyl hydrazones is identified by a high‐throughput screen (HTS) to be selectively lethal to breast cancer stem cell (CSC) enriched populations.
ChemInform Abstract: The Fluoride Route: A Good Opportunity for the Preparation of 2D and 3D Inorganic Microporous Frameworks
Authors: Paillaud Jean‐Louis , Caullet Philippe , Brendle Jocelyne , Simon‐Masseron Angelique , Patarin Joel
Published: August 2012

Review: emphasis on silica‐, germanium‐, and phosphate‐based microporous materials; 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organization of Zeolite Microcrystals
Authors: Yoon Kyung Byung
Published: August 2012

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bauxite Residue Issues: Part 3. Alkalinity and Associated Chemistry
Authors: Graefe M. , Power G. , Klauber C.
Published: August 2012

Review: 135 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organotin Catalysts in Organosilicon Chemistry
Authors: Cervantes Jorge , Zarraga Ramon , Salazar‐Hernandez Carmen
Published: August 2012

Review: 81 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Novel and Highly Efficient Methods to Construct Carbon—Carbon Bonds Using Group 7 Transition‐Metal Catalysts
Authors: Kuninobu Yoichiro , Takai Kazuhiko
Published: August 2012

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Transformations Involving 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Compounds as Pronucleophiles
Authors: Raimondi Wilfried , Bonne Damien , Rodriguez Jean
Published: August 2012

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Catalysts for the Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Aziridines
Authors: Jung Nicole , Braese Stefan
Published: August 2012

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Methanol to Hydrocarbons: How Zeolite Cavity and Pore Size Controls Product Selectivity.
Authors: Olsbye Unni , Svelle Stian , Bjoergen Morten , Beato Pablo , Janssens Ton V. W. , Joensen Finn , Bordiga Silvia , Lillerud Karl Petter
Published: August 2012

Review: 224 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Azaborine Chemistry
Authors: Campbell Patrick G. , Marwitz Adam J. V. , Liu Shih‐Yuan
Published: August 2012

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembled Multivalency: Dynamic Ligand Arrays for High‐Affinity Binding
Authors: Barnard Anna , Smith David K.
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlling Enantioselectivity in Additions to Cyclic Oxocarbenium Ions via Transition‐Metal Catalysis
Authors: Watson Mary P. , Maity Prantik
Published: August 2012

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryne Insertion Reactions into Carbon—Carbon σ‐Bonds
Authors: Yoshida Hiroto , Takaki Ken
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction and Function of Interpenetrated Molecules Based on the Positively Charged Axle Components
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Jun , Liu Yu
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Combining Form with Function: The Dawn of Phosphole‐Based Functional Materials
Authors: Ren Yi , Baumgartner Thomas
Published: August 2012

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Alkyne—Azide Cycloaddition for the Functionalization of Fullerene Building Blocks
Authors: Nierengarten Jean‐Francois
Published: August 2012

Review: 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Porphycenes: Spectroscopy, Photophysics, and Tautomerism
Authors: Waluk Jacek
Published: August 2012

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fulgimides
Authors: Rueck‐Braun Karola , Mayer Kerstin , Hebert Andreas , Michalik Fabian
Published: August 2012

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Synthesis of RNA
Authors: Hoebartner Claudia
Published: August 2012

Review: 19 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Radiation‐Induced Radicals and Radical Ions in Amino Acids and Peptides
Authors: Bobrowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2012

Review: 111 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Bergman Cyclization and Related Photoreactions of Enediynes
Authors: Alabugin Igor V. , Yang Wang‐Yong , Pal Runa
Published: August 2012

Review: 173 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Inter‐and Intramolecular Photocycloaddition of Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Maeda Hajime , Mizuno Kazuhiko
Published: August 2012

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Hydrogen‐Atom Transfer from Methane: The Role of Radicals and Spin States in Oxo‐Cluster Chemistry
Authors: Dietl Nicolas , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut
Published: August 2012

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomineralization as an Inspiration for Materials Chemistry
Authors: Nudelman Fabio , Sommerdijk Nico A. J. M.
Published: August 2012

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Abstraction Reactivity Patterns from A to Y: The Valence Bond Way
Authors: Lai Wenzhen , Li Chunsen , Chen Hui , Shaik Sason
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances of Ionic Liquids in Separation Science and Mass Spectrometry.
Authors: Joshi Manishkumar D. , Anderson Jared L.
Published: August 2012

Review: 202 refs.
FTY720 preserved islet β‐cell mass by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing survival of β‐cells in db/db mice
Authors: Moon Hosik , Chon Jinyoung , Joo Jindeok , Kim Daewoo , In Janghyeok , Lee Haejin , Park Jaesik , Choi Jinwoo
Published: August 2012

Background

FTY720, an analogue of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate, has shown potential in the treatment of several autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes and systemic lupus erythematosus. It prevents development or cure of autoimmune diabetes in animal models. Recently, we reported that FTY720 also prevents development of diabetes in db/db mice by β‐cell regeneration in vivo. This study investigated the effect of FTY720 on apoptosis in β‐cells in db/db mice treated with FTY720 16 weeks.

Methods

Six week old female db/db mice were divided into control and FTY720 groups. FTY720 (10 mg/kg) was orally administrated daily. Body weights and fasting glucose levels were measured once a week after overnight fasting. After 16 weeks of treatment, oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed, serum insulin levels and insulin contents in pancreas were determined, and then all mice were subjected to physiological and histological analyses.

Results

FTY720‐treated mice showed normal fasting glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance with normal insulin sensitivity and restored β‐cell function to produce and secret insulin. Pancreas histology revealed that FTY720 prevented islet damage and preserved β‐cell mass by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing β‐cell survival in pancreatic islets.

Conclusions

We concluded that early intervention with FTY720 in db/db mice can prevent development of diabetes through preserving β‐cell mass by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing survival of islet β‐cells. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures and Stabilities of Small, Ligated AlnLn0/2– and AlnLn+2 Clusters (L = H, Cl) – A Theoretical Study
Authors: Marchal Rémi , Manca Gabriele , Kahlal Samia , Carbonnière Philippe , Pouchan Claude , Halet Jean‐François , Saillard Jean‐Yves
Published: August 2012

AlnLn0/2– (n = 4–7, 12), AlnLn+2 (n = 4–7), and Al4L8 clusters were investigated by using the global‐search‐algorithm‐for‐minima approach and DFT calculations at the BP86/LANL2DZ level of theory. These investigations indicate that most of the computed species are viable and diamagnetic, although there is no clear general relationship between their shapes and their electron counts. Al4H8 and Al4Cl8 appear to be the most stable compounds in the investigated series.
Anion‐Dependent Spin Crossover and Coordination Assembly Based on [Fe(tpa)]2+ [tpa = tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine] and [N(CN)2]–: Square, Zigzag, Dimeric, and [4+1]‐Cocrystallized Complexes
Authors: Wei Rong‐Jia , Tao Jun , Huang Rong‐Bin , Zheng Lan‐Sun
Published: August 2012

A series of FeII complexes based on [Fe(tpa)]2+ building units and [N(CN)2]– bridging ligands with different anions for charge balance has been prepared and characterized. They have a general formula [Fe(tpa){N(CN)2}]x·Y·Z, where x = 4 (14+), Y = 4ClO4–, and Z = 2H2O for 1·(ClO4)4(H2O)2; x = n (2n+), Z = 0, and Y = nClO4–, nPF6–, nAsF6–, and nBPh4– for 2·(ClO4)n, 2·(PF6)n, 2·(AsF6)n, and 2·(BPh4)n, respectively; x = 2 (32+), Z = 0, and Y = 2BPh4– for 3·(BPh4)2; x = 4 (44+), Y = 3SbF6– + [N(CN)2]–, and Z = [Fe(tpa){N(CN)2}2] (5) + 4H2O for (4+5). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies reveal that these complexes show various structures that are affected by different counteranions, i.e., square 1·(ClO4)4(H2O)2, zigzag polymers [2·(ClO4)n, 2·(PF6)n, 2·(AsF6)n, and 2·(BPh4)n], dimeric 3·(BPh4)2, and [4+1]‐cocrystallized (4+5). Magnetic studies show that the square complex 1·(ClO4)4(H2O)2 undergoes a two‐step complete spin crossover, whereas the dimer 3·(BPh4)2 is high‐spin in the whole temperature range, and all zigzag polymer 2·anions show spin‐crossover (SCO) behavior, the transition temperature (T1/2) of which increases with increasing anion size. Interestingly, complex (4+5) displays a gradual two‐step spin crossover, which is different from that of 1·(ClO4)4(H2O)2 and originates from the cocrystallized spin‐crossover tetranuclear and monomeric species. Detailed studies on the crystal structures and magnetic properties have unveiled a remarkable anion‐dependent formation of different structures and SCO behavior of these complexes.
Total Synthesis of (±)‐Dysibetaine CPa and Analogs
Authors: Oikawa Masato , Sasaki Shota , Sakai Michihiro , Ishikawa Yuichi , Sakai Ryuichi
Published: August 2012

The syntheses of the marine sponge‐derived γ‐amino carboxylic acid dysibetaine CPa and five analogs in their racemic forms were successfully performed by taking advantage of an electron‐withdrawing N‐(4‐nitrophenyl) group in the cyclopropanation reaction, the reductive ring opening of an imide, and the ethanolysis of an N‐Boc‐protected imide.
Fast nucleic acid amplification for integration in point‐of‐care applications
Authors: Brunklaus Sabine , Hansen‐Hagge Thomas E. , Erwes Julia , Höth Julian , Jung Mathieu , Latta Daniel , Strobach Xenia , Winkler Christian , Ritzi‐Lehnert Marion , Drese Klaus S.
Published: August 2012

An ultrafast microfluidic PCR module (30 PCR cycles in 6 min) based on the oscillating fluid plug concept was developed. A robust amplification of native genomic DNA from whole blood samples could be achieved at operational conditions established from systematic investigations of key parameters including heat transfer and in particular flow velocities. Experimental data were augmented with results from computational fluid dynamics simulations. The reproducibility of the current system was substantially improved compared to previous concepts by integration of a closed reservoir instead of utilizing a vented channel end at ambient pressure rendering the devised module suitable for integration into complex sample‐to‐answer analysis platforms such as point‐of‐care applications.
Attitudes Towards Emotional Expression Mediate the Relationship Between Childhood Invalidation and Adult Eating Concern
Authors: Haslam Michelle , Arcelus Jon , Farrow Claire , Meyer Caroline
Published: August 2012

Previous research has suggested that invalidating childhood environments are positively related to the symptoms of eating disorders. However, it is unclear how childhood environments might impact upon the development of eating disorder symptoms. This study examined the relationship between parental invalidation and eating disorder‐related attitudes in a nonclinical sample and tested the mediating effect of attitudes towards emotional expression. Two hundred women, with a mean age of 21 years, completed measures of invalidating childhood environments, attitudes towards emotional expression, and eating pathology. Eating concerns were positively associated with recollections of an invalidating parental environment. The belief that the expression of emotions is a sign of weakness fully mediated the relationship between childhood maternal invalidation and adult eating concern. Following replication and extension to a clinical sample, these results suggest that targeting the individual's attitude towards emotional expression might reduce eating attitudes among women who have experienced an invalidating childhood environment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Experimental studies of gypsum plasterboards and composite panels under fire conditions
Authors: Kolarkar Prakash , Mahendran Mahen
Published: August 2012

Gypsum plasterboards are commonly used to protect the light gauge steel‐framed walls in buildings from fires. Single or multiple plasterboards can be used for this purpose, whereas recent research has proposed a composite panel with a layer of external insulation between two plasterboards. However, a good understanding of the thermal behaviour of these plasterboard panels under fire conditions is not known. Therefore, 15 small‐scale fire tests were conducted on plasterboard panels made of 13 and 16 mm plasterboards and four different types of insulations with varying thickness and density subject to standard fire conditions in AS 1530.4. Fire performance of single and multiple layers of gypsum plasterboards was assessed including the effects of interfaces between adjacent plasterboards. Effects of using external insulations such as glass fibre, rockwool and cellulose fibre were also determined. The thermal performance of composite panels developed from different insulating materials of varying densities and thicknesses was examined and compared. This paper presents the details of the fire tests conducted in this study and their valuable time–temperature data for the tested plasterboard panels. These data can be used for the purpose of developing and validating accurate thermal numerical models of these panels. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transformational leadership, relationship quality, and employee performance during continuous incremental organizational change
Authors: Carter Min Z. , Armenakis Achilles A. , Feild Hubert S. , Mossholder Kevin W.
Published: August 2012

Although transformational leadership has been investigated in connection with change at higher levels of organizations, less is known about its “in‐the‐trenches” impact. We examined relations among transformational leadership, explicit change reactions (i.e., relationship quality), change frequency, and change consequences (i.e., task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)) during continuous incremental organizational change at lower hierarchical levels. In a sample of 251 employees and their 78 managers, analyses revealed that the quality of relationships between leaders and employees mediated the influence of transformational leadership on employee task performance and OCB. We also found that change frequency moderated the positive association of relationship quality with task performance and OCB, such that associations were stronger when change frequency was high. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formal subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch: a Discussion Paper by a Working Group of INTIMATE (Integration of ice‐core, marine and terrestrial records) and the Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy (International Commission on Stratigraphy)
Authors: Walker M. J. C. , Berkelhammer M. , Björck S. , Cwynar L. C. , Fisher D. A. , Long A. J. , Lowe J. J. , Newnham R. M. , Rasmussen S. O. , Weiss H.
Published: August 2012

This discussion paper, by a Working Group of INTIMATE (Integration of ice‐core, marine and terrestrial records) and the Subcommision on Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS) of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), considers the prospects for a formal subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch. Although previous attempts to subdivide the Holocene have proved inconclusive, recent developments in Quaternary stratigraphy, notably the definition of the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary and the emergence of formal subdivisions of the Pleistocene Series/Epoch, mean that it may be timely to revisit this matter. The Quaternary literature reveals a widespread but variable informal usage of a tripartite division of the Holocene (‘early’, ‘middle’ or ‘mid’, and ‘late’), and we argue that this de facto subdivision should now be formalized to ensure consistency in stratigraphic terminology. We propose an Early–Middle Holocene Boundary at 8200 a BP and a Middle–Late Holocene Boundary at 4200 a BP, each of which is linked to a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). Should the proposal find a broad measure of support from the Quaternary community, a submission will be made to the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), via the SQS and the ICS, for formal ratification of this subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of cultivation parameters on the composition of volatile compounds and physico‐chemical characteristics of kiwi fruit
Authors: Santoni François , Barboni Toussaint , Paolini Julien , Costa Jean
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND: The effect of four cultivation parameters (post‐maturity harvest date, storage period at 0 °C and input of nitrogen or potassium fertilisers) on the physico‐chemical characteristics and composition of volatile compounds in kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa) were evaluated. Five physico‐chemical parameters were selected, namely, pH, total acidity, dry matter, conductivity and refractive index. To our knowledge, no published data are available concerning the influence of nitrogen or potassium fertilisers on the volatile compounds and physico‐chemical parameters in kiwi fruit.

RESULTS: Except for total acidity, these parameters were only weakly influenced by cultivation parameters. The concentrations of five main volatile compounds [hexanal, (E)‐hex‐2‐enal, hexan‐2‐ol, ethyl butyrate and hexanol] were also measured using gas chromatography and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. This work showed that the total content of volatile compounds decreased with post‐maturity harvest date and storage period of 3 months. In contrast, the input levels of nitrogen and potassium had little effect on the concentrations of volatile components

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a high degree of difference in the physiochemical parameters and volatile composition of kiwi fruit, depending on the harvest date, the time of storage and the input of fertilisers. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Analytical evaluation of two monovarietal virgin olive oils cultivated in the south of Tunisia: Jemri‐Bouchouka and Chemlali‐Tataouin cultivars
Authors: Rigane Ghayth , Boukhris Maher , Bouaaziz Mohamed , Sayadi Sami , Salem Ridha Ben
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND: The characterisation of virgin olive oils from two Tunisian cultivars, growing in the Tataouin zone, namely Jemri‐Bouchouka, a rare olive cultivar, and Chemlali‐Tataouin, was carried out. Several analytical parameters were evaluated; these include quality index, fatty acids, phenolic, chlorophyll, carotenoid, squalene, α‐tocopherol compositions and oxidative stability.

RESULTS: Jemri‐Bouchouka olive oil had the highest value of oleic acid (74.50%) while Chemlali‐Tataouin was characterised by a high percentage of palmitic acid (14.75%), which makes this oil freeze at a low temperature. On the other hand, Jemri‐Bouchouka oil was characterised by a low phenolic and α‐tocopherol content (267.72 mg GAE kg−1 and 278.34 mg kg−1, respectively). Ten phenolic compounds were identified. The main phenols found in the two olive oils were oleuropein aglycon and pinoresinol. All phenolic compounds showed significant correlations with oxidative stability.

CONCLUSION: The analytical parameters of virgin olive oil that were determined in this study were greatly influenced by cultivar. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Quality parameters and antioxidant properties in organic and conventionally grown broccoli after pre‐storage hot water treatment
Authors: Zapata Pedro Javier , Tucker Gregory A , Valero Daniel , Serrano María
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND: Demand for broccoli has increased due to its high content of bioactive compounds. However, broccoli is a perishable commodity with a short shelf life mainly due to dehydration, yellowing and losses of bioactive compounds. Thus, efficient treatments to preserve broccoli quality are needed.

RESULTS: The effect of heat treatment on senescence and antioxidant compounds evolution during storage at 20 °C was evaluated in organic and conventionally grown broccoli. Senescence evolved quickly as manifested by floral head yellowing, which was higher in conventional than in organic broccolis, but senescence was significantly delayed by heat treatment. All organic acids, including ascorbic acid, were found at higher concentrations in organic than in conventional broccoli at harvest but decreased during storage in all broccolis. Phenolic concentration and antioxidant activity (in both hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions) also decreased during storage, although these decreases were higher in conventional than in organic broccolis, and no differences were found attributable to heat treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: Heat treatment was effective in delaying broccoli senescence, manifested by chlorophyll retention. In addition, organic broccoli maintained higher concentrations of bioactive compounds (ascorbic acid and phenolics) and antioxidant potential during storage than conventional broccoli, with higher potential health beneficial effects. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Exploiting Web 2.0 for New Service Development: Findings and Implications from the Greek Tourism Industry
Authors: Sigala Marianna
Published: August 2012

As research into customer involvement and Web 2.0 in new service development (NSD) is limited, this study investigated the exploitation and the implications of Web 2.0 for enhancing customer involvement in NSD in tourism. Studies analysing the following fields were reviewed: the concept, the benefits and the risks of as well as the empowering role of Web 2.0 for customer participation in NSD. The review is organized around a framework summarizing the following issues that need to be considered for Web 2.0 exploitation: the drivers, the degree, the management issues and risks, and the benefits of customer involvement. A model measuring the use of Web 2.0 was also developed and used for surveying the level of Web 2.0 exploitation for NSD purposes by Greek tourism firms. The survey findings were also complemented with a qualitative study exploring the perceptions of professionals regarding the benefits, the management issues and risks that they face when exploiting Web 2.0. Finally, the practical and the theoretical implications of the findings are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanoparticle‐mediated photothermal therapy: A comparative study of heating for different particle types
Authors: Pattani Varun P. , Tunnell James W.
Published: August 2012

Introduction

Near‐infrared (NIR) absorbing plasmonic nanoparticles enhance photothermal therapy of tumors. In this procedure, systemically delivered gold nanoparticles preferentially accumulate at the tumor site and when irradiated using laser light, produce localized heat sufficient to damage tumor cells. Gold nanoshells and nanorods have been widely studied for this purpose, and while both exhibit strong NIR absorption, their overall absorption and scattering properties differ widely due to their geometry. In this paper, we compared the photothermal response of both nanoparticle types including the heat generation and photothermal efficiency.

Methods

Tissue simulating phantoms, with varying concentrations of gold nanoparticles, were irradiated with a near‐infrared diode laser while concurrently monitoring the surface temperature with an infrared camera. We calculated nanoshell and nanorod optical properties using the Mie solution and the discrete dipole approximation, respectively. In addition, we measured the heat generation of nanoshells and nanorods at the same optical density to determine the photothermal transduction efficiency for both nanoparticle types.

Results

We found that the gold nanoshells produced more heat than gold nanorods at equivalent number densities (# of nanoparticles/ml), whereas the nanorods generated more heat than nanoshells at equivalent extinction values at the irradiance wavelength. To reach an equivalent heat generation, we found that it was necessary to have ∼36× more nanorods than nanoshells. However, the gold nanorods were found to have two times the photothermal transduction efficiency than the gold nanoshells.

Conclusion

For the nanoparticles tested, the nanoshells generated more heat, per nanoparticle, than nanorods, primarily due to their overall larger geometric cross‐section. Conversely, we found that the gold nanorods had a higher photothermal efficiency than the gold nanoshells. In conclusion, the ideal choice of plasmonic nanoparticle requires not only per particle efficiency, but also the in vivo particle targeting ability under study. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 675–684, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Strategic Choice of Channel Structure in an Oligopoly
Authors: Liu Lin , Wang X. Henry , Yang Bill Z.
Published: August 2012

The traditional wisdom holds that the benefits of a decentralized channel structure arise from downstream competitive relationships. In contrast, in their 2007 paper in the Accounting Review, Arya and Mittendorf show that the value of decentralization can also come from the upstream relationship when the downstream firms convey internal strife (decentralization) to an upstream input supplier. This paper demonstrates that the Arya and Mittendorf result continues to hold irrespective of the market structure of the upstream input market. However, if the upstream market is monopolized and the monopoly supplier follows a uniform price policy, decentralization may not result from the centralization–decentralization game. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Curcuminoids exert glucose‐lowering effect in type 2 diabetes by decreasing serum free fatty acids: a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Na Li‐Xin , Li Ying , Pan Hong‐Zhi , Zhou Xian‐Li , Sun Dian‐Jun , Meng Man , Li Xiao‐Xia , Sun Chang‐Hao
Published: August 2012

Scope

We previously found that curcuminoids decreased blood glucose and improved insulin resistance by reducing serum free fatty acids (FFAs) and increasing fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats. This study was to investigate whether curcuminoids have beneficial effects on type 2 diabetic patients, and its possible mechanisms.

Methods and results

Overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients (BMI ≥ 24.0; fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or postprandial blood glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L) were randomly assigned to curcuminoids (300 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Bodyweight, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c,%), serum fasting glucose, FFAs, lipids, and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were determined. A total of 100 patients (curcuminoids, n = 50; placebo, n = 50) completed the trial. Curcuminoids supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (p < 0.01), HbA1c (p = 0.031), and insulin resistance index (HOMA‐IR) (p < 0.01) in type 2 diabetic patients. Curcuminoids also led to a significant decrease in serum total FFAs (p < 0.01), triglycerides (P = 0.018), an increase in LPL activity (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

These findings suggest a glucose‐lowering effect of curcuminoids in type 2 diabetes, which is partially due to decrease in serum FFAs, which may result from promoting fatty acid oxidation and utilization.
Correlation of knee strength to functional outcomes in becker muscular dystrophy
Authors: Alfano Lindsay N. , Lowes Linda P. , Flanigan Kevin M. , Mendell Jerry R.
Published: August 2012

Introduction: The correlation of strength with performance on functional outcomes has not been evaluated in Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), yet the determination of proper outcome measures is critical to the success of upcoming trials designed to improve strength. Methods: Lower extremity strength and performance on functional outcome measures were tested in 25 ambulatory subjects with BMD. Results: All subjects demonstrated marked knee extensor and flexor muscle weakness. Knee extensor strength was correlated with performance on the Berg Balance Scale and stair climbing. Knee flexor strength was highly correlated with performance on all functional outcomes, including timed walking distances. Conclusions: This profile differs from that previously reported in other neuromuscular diseases and demonstrates the importance of designing outcome measures for clinical trials in muscle disorders with considerations for the disease process, the mode, and the target of intervention. The findings emphasize that 1 set of outcomes is not appropriate for all neuromuscular diseases. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Optimal pricing for a short life‐cycle product when customer price‐sensitivity varies over time
Authors: Li Hongmin , Huh Woonghee Tim
Published: August 2012

Technology products often experience a life‐cycle demand pattern that resembles a diffusion process, with weak demand in the beginning and the end of the life cycle and high demand intensity in between. The customer price‐sensitivity also changes over the life cycle of the product. We study the prespecified pricing decision for a product that exhibits such demand characteristics. In particular, we determine the optimal set of discrete prices and the times to switch from one price to another, when a limited number of price changes are allowed. Our study shows that the optimal prices and switching times show interesting patterns that depend on the product's demand pattern and the change in the customers' price sensitivity over the life cycle of the product. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012