bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction to: Metabolic syndrome increases senescence-associated micro-RNAs in extracellular vesicles derived from swine and human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells
Authors: Li Yongxin , Meng Yu , Zhu Xiangyang , Saadiq Ishran M. , Jordan Kyra L. , Eirin Alfonso , Lerman Lilach O.
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Untargeted metabolomics reveals the effect of lovastatin on steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in rabbits
Authors: Ren Xiangnan , Shao Zixing , Fan Wu , Wang Zixuan , Chen Kaiyun , Yu Xuefeng
Published: October 2020

Purpose

Lovastatin is an important medicine and it shows a significant effect against glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head of by serum metabolomics strategy.

Methods

Adult healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group, and drug group. The pathologic changes of femoral head were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and microscope. Metabolomics based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis was used to analyze the collected serum sample. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminate analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. All potential metabolites were identified by comparing with human metabolome database, Metlin database, lipid maps, and chemspider database.

Results

Eleven potential biomarkers were noted and identified as potential biomarkers. The change of biomarkers suggested that lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head may affect glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism.

Conclusion

The study suggested that lovastatin could prevent the glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head of rabbits. The possible reasons were closely associated with adjusting the lipid metabolism, inhibiting adipogenesis, and delaying the osteocyte apoptosis.
Trem2 Y38C mutation and loss of Trem2 impairs neuronal synapses in adult mice
Authors: Jadhav Vaishnavi S. , Lin Peter B. C. , Pennington Taylor , Di Prisco Gonzalo Viana , Jannu Asha Jacob , Xu Guixiang , Moutinho Miguel , Zhang Jie , Atwood Brady K. , Puntambekar Shweta S. , Bissel Stephanie J. , Oblak Adrian L. , Landreth Gary E. , Lamb Bruce T.
Published: October 2020

Background

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is expressed in the brain exclusively on microglia and genetic variants are linked to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Nasu Hakola Disease (NHD). TheTrem2variant R47H, confers substantially elevated risk of developing late onset Alzheimer’s disease, while NHD-linkedTrem2variants like Y38C, are associated with development of early onset dementia with white matter pathology. However, it is not known how theseTrem2species, predisposes individuals to presenile dementia.

Methods

To investigate ifTrem2Y38C or loss ofTrem2alters neuronal function we generated a novel mouse model to introduce the NHDTrem2Y38C variant in murineTrem2using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.Trem2Y38C/Y38CandTrem2−/−mice were assessed forTrem2expression, differentially expressed genes, synaptic protein levels and synaptic plasticity using biochemical, electrophysiological and transcriptomic approaches.

Results

While mice harboring theTrem2Y38C exhibited normal expression levels of TREM2, the pathological outcomes phenocopiedTrem2−/−mice at 6 months. Transcriptomic analysis revealed altered expression of neuronal and oligodendrocytes/myelin genes. We observed regional decreases in synaptic protein levels, with the most affected synapses in the hippocampus. These alterations were associated with reduced synaptic plasticity.

Conclusion

Our findings provide in vivo evidence thatTrem2Y38C disrupts normal TREM2 functions.Trem2Y38C/Y38CandTrem2−/−mice demonstrated altered gene expression, changes in microglia morphology, loss of synaptic proteins and reduced hippocampal synaptic plasticity at 6 months in absence of any pathological triggers like amyloid. This suggests TREM2 impacts neuronal functions providing molecular insights on the predisposition of individuals withTREM2variants resulting in presenile dementia.
SAGA–CORE subunit Spt7 is required for correct Ubp8 localization, chromatin association and deubiquitinase activity
Authors: Nuño-Cabanes Carme , García-Molinero Varinia , Martín-Expósito Manuel , Gas María-Eugenia , Oliete-Calvo Paula , García-Oliver Encar , de la Iglesia-Vayá María , Rodríguez-Navarro Susana
Published: October 2020

Background

Histone H2B deubiquitination is performed by numerous deubiquitinases in eukaryotic cells including Ubp8, the catalytic subunit of the tetrameric deubiquitination module (DUBm: Ubp8; Sus1; Sgf11; Sgf73) of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA). Ubp8 is linked to the rest of SAGA through Sgf73 and is activated by the adaptors Sus1 and Sgf11. It is unknown if DUBm/Ubp8 might also work in a SAGA-independent manner.

Results

Here we report that a tetrameric DUBm is assembled independently of the SAGA–CORE components SPT7, ADA1 and SPT20. In the absence of SPT7, i.e., independent of the SAGA complex, Ubp8 and Sus1 are poorly recruited to SAGA-dependent genes and to chromatin. Notably, cells lacking Spt7 or Ada1, but not Spt20, show lower levels of nuclear Ubp8 than wild-type cells, suggesting a possible role for SAGA–CORE subunits in Ubp8 localization. Last, deletion of SPT7 leads to defects in Ubp8 deubiquitinase activity in in vivo and in vitro assays.

Conclusions

Collectively, our studies show that the DUBm tetrameric structure can form without a complete intact SAGA–CORE complex and that it includes full-length Sgf73. However, subunits of this SAGA–CORE influence DUBm association with chromatin, its localization and its activity.
Epidrugs: novel epigenetic regulators that open a new window for targeting osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Ghorbaninejad Mahsa , Khademi-Shirvan Maliheh , Hosseini Samaneh , Baghaban Eslaminejad Mohamadreza
Published: October 2020

Efficient osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a critical step in the treatment of bone defects and skeletal disorders, which present challenges for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine. Thus, it is necessary to understand the regulatory agents involved in osteogenesis. Epigenetic mechanisms are considered to be the primary mediators that regulate gene expression during MSC differentiation. In recent years, epigenetic enzyme inhibitors have been used as epidrugs in cancer therapy. A number of studies mentioned the role of epigenetic inhibitors in the regulation of gene expression patterns related to osteogenic differentiation. This review attempts to provide an overview of the key regulatory agents of osteogenesis: transcription factors, signaling pathways, and, especially, epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, we propose to introduce epigenetic enzyme inhibitors (epidrugs) and their applications as future therapeutic approaches for bone defect regeneration.
Young people and environmental affordances in urban sustainable development: insights into transport and green and public space in seven cities
Authors: Nissen Sylvia , Prendergast Kate , Aoyagi Midori , Burningham Kate , Hasan Mohammad Mehedi , Hayward Bronwyn , Jackson Tim , Jha Vimlendu , Mattar Helio , Schudel Ingrid , Venn Sue , Yoshida Aya
Published: October 2020

Background

Cities are at the fore of sustainability challenges of the twenty-first century, and many, particularly in Asia and Africa, are predominantly youthful spaces. Understanding young people’s experiences in urban environments is therefore important as we strive to achieve both the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. Two amenities identified in the urban Sustainable Development Goal 11, transport and public and green space, are specifically recognised as applying to youth. Yet, there is little analysis that explicitly considers how youth experience these amenities across the Global North and South, and no current measures for understanding progress in youth experiences of green space and transport.

Results

This paper provides a comparative analysis of young people’s experiences with local transport and green space in seven diverse urban communities (Christchurch, New Zealand; Dhaka, Bangladesh; Lambeth/London, UK; Makhanda, South Africa; New Delhi, India; São Paulo, Brazil; and Yokohama, Japan). Our study contributes to a growing body of literature that seeks to listen to child and youth perspectives to understand their environmental experiences. We examine the ‘affordances’ young residents aged 12 to 24 years currently associate with green space and transport amenities. Affordances are defined here as the inter-relationships between what a local environment offers young people and their perceptions and actions. Drawing on focus groups and interviews conducted with 332 young people, we identify five affordances young people associate in relation to transport and public space across these diverse urban settings: (1) social inclusion and belonging; (2) autonomy; (3) physical comfort and security; (4) relaxation and reflection; and (5) health and fitness.

Conclusions

The paper contributes to growing interdisciplinary research interest in measuring affordances as a way to advance the Sustainable Development Goals in an urban context. In providing a comparative account of young people’s experiences across diverse contexts, our discussion highlights how affordances in relation to transport or public and green space can help understand the multiple interconnections between the well-being of young people and sustainability. In particular, we argue that it is not merely the provision of transport or public and green space that matters, but the nuanced meaning of places and experiences as understood by local communities that needs to be recognised if we are to better support urban youth wellbeing and advance sustainable development goals.
Comparative study of algorithms for optimized control of industrial energy supply systems
Authors: Kohne Thomas , Ranzau Heiko , Panten Niklas , Weigold Matthias
Published: October 2020

Both rising and more volatile energy prices are strong incentives for manufacturing companies to become more energy-efficient and flexible. A promising approach is the intelligent control of Industrial Energy Supply Systems (IESS), which provide various energy services to industrial production facilities and machines. Due to the high complexity of such systems widespread conventional control approaches often lead to suboptimal operating behavior and limited flexibility. Rising digitization in industrial production sites offers the opportunity to implement new advanced control algorithms e. g. based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) or Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to optimize the operational strategies of IESS.This paper presents a comparative study of different controllers for optimized operation strategies. For this purpose, a framework is used that allows for a standardized comparison of rule-, model- and data-based controllers by connecting them to dynamic simulation models of IESS of varying complexity. The results indicate that controllers based on DRL and MILP have a huge potential to reduce energy-related cost of up to 50% for less complex and around 6% for more complex systems. In some cases however, both algorithms still show unfavorable operating behavior in terms of non-direct costs such as temperature and switching restrictions, depending on the complexity and general conditions of the systems.
Detection of heat pumps from smart meter and open data
Authors: Weigert Andreas , Hopf Konstantin , Weinig Nicolai , Staake Thorsten
Published: October 2020

Heat pumps embody solutions that heat or cool buildings effectively and sustainably, with zero emissions at the place of installation. As they pose significant load on the power grid, knowledge on their existence is crucial for grid operators, e.g., to forecast load and to plan grid operation. Further details, like the thermal reservoir (ground or air source) or the age of a heat pump installation renders energy-related services possible that utility companies can offer in the future (e.g., detecting wrongly calibrated installations, household energy efficiency checks). This study investigates the prediction of heat pump installations, their thermal reservoir and age. For this, we obtained a dataset with 397 households in Switzerland, all equipped with smart meters, collected ground truth data on installed heat pumps and enriched this data with weather data and geographical information. Our investigation replicates the state of the art in the area of heat pump detection and goes beyond it, as we obtain three major findings: First, machine learning can detect the existence of heat pumps with an AUC performance metric of 0.82, their heat reservoir with an AUC of 0.86, and their age with an AUC of 0.73. Second, heat pump existence can be better detected using data during the heating period than during summer. Third the number of training samples to detect the existence of heat pumps must not be necessarily large in terms of the number of training instances and observation period.
Arbovirus and seizures
Authors: Zheng Mingrui , Li Shichuo , Hogan R. Edward , Yang Meihua
Published: October 2020

The high prevalence and spread of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) make them an important cause of viral encephalitis in humans. Most epidemic viral encephalitides have an etiology associated with arboviruses. Among various arboviruses, the Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Zika virus, Dengue virus and Chikungunya virus can induce seizures. Arboviruses of the genus Flavivirus are usually transmitted by mosquitoes and other host animals. These vector-borne pathogens can cause epidemic viral encephalitis. Seizures may not be the major manifestation in these viral encephalitides, but may predict a poor prognosis. In this article, we discuss the relationships between these viruses and seizures from perspectives of clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, prognosis and treatments of each.
An R2R3-type myeloblastosis transcription factor MYB103 is involved in phosphorus remobilization
Authors: Yu Fangwei , Wang Shenyun , Zhang Wei , Wang Hong , Yu Li , Fei Zhangjun , Li Jianbin
Published: October 2020

The members of myeloblastosis transcription factor (MYB TF) family are involved in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. However, the role of MYB TF in phosphorus remobilization remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we show that an R2R3 type MYB transcription factor, MYB103, is involved in phosphorus (P) remobilization. MYB103 was remarkably induced by P deficiency in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). As cabbage lacks the proper mutant for elucidating the mechanism of MYB103 in P deficiency, another member of the crucifer family, Arabidopsis thaliana was chosen for further study. The transcript of its homologue AtMYB103 was also elevated in response to P deficiency in A. thaliana, while disruption of AtMYB103 (myb103) exhibited increased sensitivity to P deficiency, accompanied with decreased tissue biomass and soluble P concentration. Furthermore, AtMYB103 was involved in the P reutilization from cell wall, as less P was released from the cell wall in myb103 than in wildtype, coinciding with the reduction of ethylene production. Taken together, our results uncover an important role of MYB103 in the P remobilization, presumably through ethylene signaling.
Reducing the risk of patient suicide in Tuscany
Authors: Dagliana Giulia , Albolino Sara , Belloni Laura , Bellandi Tommaso
Published: October 2020

Patient suicide is one of the most frequent incidents in healthcare facilities to be reported to the National Observatory of Sentinel Events in Italy. Despite national initiatives, in Tuscany potentially preventable patient suicides still occur in both acute and community care settings. We describe here an aggregated qualitative analysis of 14 patient suicides that took place in public health services between 2017 and 2018. We outline the methodology and results of an improvement action we enacted in the healthcare system that involved reviewing and reinforcing relevant managerial strategies and clinical activities, with the aim of reducing potentially preventable patient suicides.
Clonal Hematopoiesis in Late-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Its Impact on Targeted Panel Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Yaung Stephanie J. , Fuhlbrück Frederike , Peterson Maureen , Zou Wei , Palma John F. , Patil Namrata S. , Jiang Yuqiu
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE

Somatic mutations derived from the expansion of clonal populations of blood cells (clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, or CHIP) may be detected in sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples. We evaluated the potential implications of CHIP in targeted sequencing of plasma samples using matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with lung cancer to identify potential CHIP-associated mutations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 332 plasma and corresponding PBMC samples were collected predose, cycle 1 day 1 (C1D1), from the randomized, phase III study (OAK) comparing atezolizumab versus docetaxel in previously treated patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The samples were analyzed with the AVENIO ctDNA Surveillance Kit (for research use only; not for use in diagnostic procedures), a 198-kb next-generation sequencing panel targeting cancer-related genes. CHIP variants were assessed by analyzing both plasma and PBMC sequencing data.

RESULTS

A range of zero to eight CHIP variants (median = one) was detected per cfDNA sample. Most of these variants were not in the Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP). The number of CHIP variants was positively associated with age, and TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene. Furthermore, the allele frequency was less variable over time for CHIP variants than for tumor-derived variants.

CONCLUSION

CHIP-derived mutations are present in late-stage NSCLC. However, not all plasma samples had CHIP mutations detected with targeted panel sequencing. Paired PBMC sequencing analysis may be needed to remove CHIP variants for comprehensive genomic profiling using plasma samples to identify true somatic mutations.
Facile Synthesis of Tetraarylpyrazines by Sequential Cross-coupling Approach
Authors: Nishiyama Yoshitake , Akiyama Kei , Sakata Yuki , Hosoya Takamitsu , Yoshida Suguru
Published: October 2020

A facile synthetic method for unsymmetric tetraarylpyrazines by sequential cross-couplings is disclosed. This 5-step synthesis was achieved from 2-amino-3,5-dibromo-6-chloropyrazine through four-fold cross-coupling and diazotization. Dibenzo-fused quinoxaline synthesis was also accomplished by further intramolecular coupling.
Abdominal immune-related adverse events: detection on ultrasonography, CT, MRI and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Anderson Mark A , Kurra Vikram , Bradley William , Kilcoyne Aoife , Mojtahed Amirkasra , Lee Susanna I
Published: October 2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitor and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies are associated with a unique spectrum of complications termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The abdomen is the most frequent site of severe irAEs that require hospitalization with life-threatening consequences. Most abdominal irAEs such as enterocolitis, hepatitis, cholangiopathy, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, adrenalitis, and sarcoid-like reaction are initially detected on imaging such as ultrasonography (US), CT, MRI and fusion 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT during routine surveillance of cancer therapy. Early recognition and diagnosis of irAEs and immediate management with cessation of immune modulator cancer therapy and institution of immunosuppressive therapy are necessary to avert morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of irAEs is confirmed by tissue sampling or by follow-up imaging demonstrating resolution. Abdominal radiologists reviewing imaging on patients being treated with anti-cancer immunomodulators should be familiar with the imaging manifestations of irAEs.
Development of the System of Internal Financial Control As an Integral Factor in Increasing the Competitiveness of Russian Universities
Authors: Anohova E.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the features of the functioning and development of the internal financial control system at universities, the impact of the effectiveness of internal control on the achievement of strategic goals. The goals, principles, procedures (control actions), subjects and methods by types of internal financial control: preliminary, current and subsequent are disclosed.
Słowo jako medium tradycji: szkic z teorii oralności
Authors: Mich Włodzimierz
Published: October 2020

Word as Medium of Tradition. Essay on Theory of OralityThe goal of the paper is to outline the concept of word as medium of intergenerational transfer of tradition in cultures of primary orality as formulated in the theory of orality since the 1960s. According to the classic anthropological approach, it emphasizes the orientation on tradition and stability of oral cultures. It also focuses on mechanisms of preserving fidelity and persistence of cultural patterns in the utterances/messages despite the lack of the written form. The basic mechanism here is to grasp messages in the form of epic poetry. Information (technical instruction and moral norms) is depicted in the narrative context, that is, descriptions of heroes’ activities as only by that the listeners’ emotions and – consequently – actions were stimulated. Combining poetry with music, singing, gestures and dancing were also used as mnemotechnical tools – messages affected listeners by rhyme, rhythm, and melody. On the verbal level, shaping messages according to mnemotechnical mechanisms have led to the origins of preservative language (elevated speech) that differed from flexible language used for everyday communication. Its main constitutive trait was dominance of formulas (formulative style) aimed at preserving those messages from critical analysis and being reshaped by the recipients. On the structural level of stories, formulas’ equivalent were typescenes and story-patterns. They were used to secure high fidelity of several performances (repetitions) of particular pieces. Other inherent traits of oral messages are: paratactic composition, redundancy, and Homeric epithets for descriptions of heroes.
Compliance of palliative care standards in children with cancer in select Middle Eastern countries: a comparative study
Authors: Ebadinejad Zahra , Rassouli Maryam , Fakhr-Movahedi Ali
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background

Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with cancer. Adaptation of country-specific palliative care practices to universal standards can provide valuable information for health care stakeholders.

Aim

This study proposed to evaluate the global compliance of palliative care for children with cancer among select Middle Eastern countries.

Methods

In this comparative study, information about palliative care principles in Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and Turkey was extracted from the literature. Data were collected using a checklist based on the conceptual framework of palliative care inspired by Wolff and Browne's (2011) standards. Then the extracted information was compared and analysed.

Findings

The palliative care standards in the selected countries did not show full compliance with global standards. In all selected countires, the child's and family's needs were considered, and a comprehensive care approach was followed. However, in none of the selected countries was the child's agreement to discharge from the hospital obtained, and neither was it ensured that the needs of the child and family were met.

Conclusions

Palliative care principles in the selected Middle Eastern countries are far from meeting universal standards. Accordingly, planning and training are recommended in different domains of nursing education as well as clinical nursing in the care of children. Healthcare authorities and politicians must provide the appropriate conditions for better provision of palliative care for children with cancer.
Ultra-compact terahertz plasmonic wavelength diplexer
Authors: Yuan Mingrui , Wang Qingwei , Li Yanfeng , Zhang Xixiang , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili
Published: October 2020

Terahertz (THz) spoof surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguides can provide subwavelength confinement, which makes it possible for the THz waves to transmit at low loss over long distances along a metallic surface. This work reports on the design and actualization of an ultra-compact wavelength diplexer formed by THz spoof SPP waveguiding structures. By adding a certain number of periodic pillars in the coupling part of the directional coupler, the refractive index of the anti-symmetrically distributed odd modes can be engineered, thereby adjusting the coupling length. By adjusting the periodic pillar parameters properly, the SPP modes at two target frequencies will be coupled in the device for an odd or even number of times, so that the SPP modes at these two frequencies can be coupled out from different ports. The length of the wavelength diplexer is 1.6 mm, which is about 12.8% of its traditional counterpart. Minimum simulated transmittances of

−

24.34

d
B

and

−

26.27

d
B

can be obtained at 0.637 THz and 0.667 THz, respectively. The insertion losses at the two operating frequencies are less than 0.46 dB, and the extinction ratios are both better than 19 dB. By cascading the proposed diplexers, a compact wavelength demultiplexer with more channels can be obtained, which has important applications for future THz integrated communication systems.
A data-driven characterisation of natural facial expressions when giving good and bad news
Authors: Watson David M. , Brown Ben B. , Johnston Alan
Published: October 2020

Facial expressions carry key information about an individual’s emotional state. Research into the perception of facial emotions typically employs static images of a small number of artificially posed expressions taken under tightly controlled experimental conditions. However, such approaches risk missing potentially important facial signals and within-person variability in expressions. The extent to which patterns of emotional variance in such images resemble more natural ambient facial expressions remains unclear. Here we advance a novel protocol for eliciting natural expressions from dynamic faces, using a dimension of emotional valence as a test case. Subjects were video recorded while delivering either positive or negative news to camera, but were not instructed to deliberately or artificially pose any specific expressions or actions. A PCA-based active appearance model was used to capture the key dimensions of facial variance across frames. Linear discriminant analysis distinguished facial change determined by the emotional valence of the message, and this also generalised across subjects. By sampling along the discriminant dimension, and back-projecting into the image space, we extracted a behaviourally interpretable dimension of emotional valence. This dimension highlighted changes commonly represented in traditional face stimuli such as variation in the internal features of the face, but also key postural changes that would typically be controlled away such as a dipping versus raising of the head posture from negative to positive valences. These results highlight the importance of natural patterns of facial behaviour in emotional expressions, and demonstrate the efficacy of using data-driven approaches to study the representation of these cues by the perceptual system. The protocol and model described here could be readily extended to other emotional and non-emotional dimensions of facial variance.
Internships and building a career in Brazilian journalism
Authors: Pereira Fábio Henrique
Published: October 2020

In this article, I discuss the role of internships in the career of Brazilian journalists. Its aim is to understand the professional side of this experience and compare it with conditions imposed by the media labour market in Brazil, its fluctuations and reshapings. This study is based mainly on biographical in-depth interviews with 32 journalists working in Brasilia. More than just a learning and preparation experience, internships make up a career of socializing in journalism and managing the uncertainty concerning the labour market. Internships are also telling of the transformations in journalism. The stratification of internship experience from each generation shows us how it has gradually become legitimized, and then naturalized, as a pedagogical experience in journalism careers, as well as a plan for entering the profession. This process goes hand-in-hand with the increased skills required of interns and the professionalization of how they are selected.
América Latina y sus aportes al régimen de no-proliferación nuclear
Authors: Puga Álvarez Cristina Valeria
Published: October 2020

Con la apertura a la firma del Tratado de Tlatelolco en 1967, América Latina se convirtió en la primera zona libre de armas nucleares en una región densamente poblada y la única durante gran parte de la Guerra Fría. Esta iniciativa posteriormente fue un referente para la elaboración del Tratado de No Proliferación Nuclear (TNP), y la aprobación de las otras cuatro Zonas Libres de Armas Nucleares (ZLANs) que hoy existen. Aunque no existe una evaluación pormenorizada de su efectividad y desempeño, la actoría jugada por la región, fundamentalmente a través del Organismo para la Proscripción de las Armas Nucleares en la América Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL) en el régimen de no proliferación nuclear contradice a la tesis de que los países de la periferia debido a sus limitadas capacidades materiales pueden ser exclusivamente receptores de normas (norm-takers) y no hacedores de éstas (norm-makers), más aún en el ámbito de la seguridad donde su agencia sería epifenomenal. El siguiente artículo busca rebatir aquella aproximación, analizando los aportes de la región, específicamente, del OPANAL en la construcción de normas en el régimen de no proliferación nuclear internacional.
A cidade e o mar
Authors: De Figueiredo Tarcsay Alessandra , Ditzz de Sousa Ribeiro Jeancezar
Published: October 2020

O que significaria viver em cidades projetadas para promover sentimentos de conexão com o oceano? Como as cidades costeiras devem antecipar seu planejamento, considerando as mudanças climáticas generalizadas e o aumento do nível do mar no planeta? BEATLEY (2014) acredita que a relação entre desenvolvimento urbano e o oceano precisa ser repensada. Nesse contexto, observa-se que várias regiões portuárias passaram por processos de revitalização. A cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com o projeto Porto Maravilha, foi uma delas; essa intervenção sofreu inúmeras mudanças durante o processo de implementação que questionaram o real papel dessa grande operação urbana e qual seria a preocupação com a baía.
El impacto de las alianzas público-privadas para el desarrollo financiadas por la cooperación alemana en Latinoamérica
Authors: Pintor Pirzkall Heike Clara
Published: October 2020

En líneas generales, las alianzas público-privadas se refieren a un acuerdo entre el sector público y el sector privado para que una parte de los servicios que normalmente suministraba el sector público sean suministrados por el sector privado especialmente para grandes obras de infraestructura y para el desarrollo del sector energético. Desde el año 2000, Alemania, dentro de sus compromisos adquiridos con relación a la consecución de los Objetivos del Milenio ha centrado una parte de su cooperación al desarrollo en la promoción de alianzas público-privadas, en torno a áreas prioritarias de la cooperación alemana actual como son la erradicación de la pobreza, la sostenibilidad energética, la seguridad alimentaria, y la protección del medio ambiente. En este artículo evaluaremos el impacto de las alianzas público-privadas que han sido financiadas por las agencias de la cooperación alemana en el continente latinoamericano e intentaremos valorar sí estas iniciativas están siendo útiles para el desarrollo sostenible de la región o sí por el contrario son solamente un instrumento de promoción de las empresas alemanas en el extranjero, que buscan por esta vía abrir nuevos mercados y encontrar nuevos socios para su expansión.
Political Families: Narration, Memory and Healing in Cristina García’s Dreaming in Cuban
Authors: Kovács Ágnes Zsófia
Published: October 2020

The paper interprets Cristina García’s novel Dreaming in Cuban against the backdrop of contemporary multicultural identity prose by women. Against expectations about the possibility of healing and belonging in the feminine diasporic text, the novel problematizes the possibility and costs of healing, reconnecting, and reconciliation. The text represents how profoundly political and family history are interconnected on an individual level, and how the intersection of family, politics, and individual limits the scope of change for the protagonist.
Diálogo judeo-cristiano en la obra de Hugo Schlesinger (1920-1996)
Authors: Pietrzak Andrzej
Published: October 2020

Hugo Schlesinger, judío polaco y sobreviviente de holocausto, después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial emigró para Brasil. Dejó un legado significativo de publicaciones dedicadas al tema de economía y comercio, judaísmo, diálogo, desarrollo personal y espiritual. El artículo introduce a su pensamiento a través del tema de diálogo judeo-cristiano. La primera parte trata de experiencia personal de guerra y holocausto, antisemitismo, ideologemas antisemitas, fanatismo y racismo. La segunda se refiere al diálogo y asuntos afines como comprensión del judaísmo, presencia e integración de judíos en la sociedad, Justos entre las Naciones y Consejo de Fraternidad Cristiano-Judaica en Brasil.
Visual Allusions to the Mexican-American War
Authors: Annus Irén
Published: October 2020

The Mexican-American War (1846-48) is often described as the first major war in US history inspired by the idea of Manifest Destiny. The significance of this war, however, has not been matched by a rigorous scrutiny of its representation in contemporary visual culture. This study hopes to contribute to filling this void through an iconological investigation of three American paintings made in the Düsseldorf Academy, by now canonized and perceived as ultimate visual treatments of the topic. The paper first discusses the war and the public debates surrounding it in the US, then turns to the visual scene and introduces how the war was portrayed in various art forms. Next, it touches upon the artistic milieu of the Düsseldorf Academy in preparation for the analysis of the three paintings to follow. The study argues that these images depart from the American tradition of depicting war through concrete battle scenes. Instead, they offer symbolic representations or allusions, approaching the war in terms of morality, political philosophy and its potential social and economic consequences, while also employing ambiguity to urge viewers to contemplate on the implications of the war. In the meanwhile, they seem to express little if any consideration for the impact of the war on Mexico, its culture, and people.
Coplas, diablos y carnaval
Authors: Picconi Maria
Published: October 2020

La Copla se ha mantenido en América durante siglos expresando la vida de los pueblos originarios en los Andes. Se trata, al decir de Leda Valladares, de cantos colectivos acompañados con cajas, silbatos y matracas que aparecen en tiempo de Carnaval con una pujanza del acento y la voz expulsada a borbotones y en donde la figura del “diablo” es quien preside todo este espacio de fiesta y alegría. En América, durante el proceso de conquista y colonización, la iglesia católica comenzó un momento de catequización proponiendo dar a conocer las imágenes, tanto de la Virgen María, Jesús y los santos, como también, la de los ángeles y de los diablos. Es así, que estas figuras con distintas concepciones y asimilaciones se repitieron desde la época colonial hasta nuestros días en distintos puntos del continente americano. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una comparación de las coplas del Noroeste Argentino, con las Coplas del Carnaval Cajamarquino, de Perú en donde la figura del diablo carnavalero representa un tiempo en que los rasgos más significativos de la vida social andina “se ponen de cabeza” reflejándose en la letra y música de estos cantos.
La crítica cinematográfica en México en la década de los cuarenta
Authors: Mena-Brito Llamil
Published: October 2020

La década de los años cuarenta en México congregó a una polifacética comunidad de periodistas, críticos cinematográficos e intelectuales para informar, valorar, promover, criticar y dar sentido a la cultura cinematográfica que estructuró la época, dando lugar a una vasta oferta de publicaciones especializadas que surgieron en la época. Además de los espacios que la prensa en general ofreció dentro de sus páginas al fenómeno a partir de la consolidación de la industria cinematográfica mexicana, colocando a su producción como tema de interés nacional para la opinión pública, la historiografía del cine mexicano encuentra escasa relación con este discurso. Las razones para lo que percibimos como una laguna problemática dentro de los estudios históricos de la cultura cinematográfica en México pueden encontrarse en el conflictivo carácter de la mediación, inherente al dispositivo periodístico-publicitario con los intereses de la entonces poderosa industria. Un mínimo estudio panorámico nos permite comprender las bases y los principios teóricos de este discurso que en buena medida sostiene la idea de la denominada “época de oro del cine mexicano”.
Entradas de organizaciones latinoamericanas en IATE, la base de datos terminológica de la Unión Europea
Authors: Sermann Eszter
Published: October 2020

El mercado laboral de la mediación lingüística (traducción e interpretación) se ha alargado de manera considerable en las últimas décadas. Durante el proceso de traducción la preparación terminológica de los textos es imprescindible, y para ello las herramientas más útiles y adecuadas son las bases de datos terminológicas disponibles en línea. La base de datos terminológica, por definición, es un conjunto de datos almacenados electrónicamente, elaborada siguiendo un enfoque onomasiológico. Contiene los términos de uno o más dominios, acompañados por sus definiciones en una o más lenguas. Los datos publicados en las bases de datos, preparados por lingüístas en colaboración con los expertos de algún dominio, pueden servir como obras de referencia no sólo para mediadores lingüísticos, sino también para profesionales e investigadores. IATE (Interactive Terminology for Europe) es un banco de datos terminológicos del Servicio de Traducción de la Comisión Europea que contiene términos, abreviaturas, acrónimos y fraseología en las lenguas oficiales de la Unión Europea. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cinco fichas de IATE que representan organizaciones latinoamericanas (Parlamento Latinoamericano, Comunidad Andina, Mercosur, Sistema Económico Latinoamericano y Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo) desde el punto de vista de los datos terminográficos visualizados (término, definición, referencias, contexto, fiabilidad, campo temático). Después de clasificar las herramientas de traducción prestando particular atención a las bases datos terminológicas (sus características, las normas ISO que describen sus propiedades, las categorías de datos incluidos y los rasgos que las diferencian de los diccionarios en línea), se presentará el análisis de las categorías de datos de las cinco fichas terminográficas.
Participación belga en el desarrollo de políticas públicas educativas de Colombia en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Báez Osorio Miryam
Published: October 2020

Es importante resaltar algunos de los aportes que ofreció el notable maestro europeo Ovidio Decroly quien fuera invitado a Colombia a dictar conferencias sobre sus métodos y aporte pedagógico a maestros de establecimientos educativos, entre ellos a los docentes de la Primera Facultad de Pedagogía que funcionaba en Tunja a fines de la década de los años veinte del Siglo XX. Su educación partía del concepto de que la educación era una integración de actividades que permitía a los maestros impulsar centros de aprendizaje y desarrollo para los niños en formación, partiendo del método global de lectura que facilitaba el aprendizaje y la comprensión.  Fue así como lo más importante eran los centros de interés que el Ministerio de Educación consideró muy valiosos para la formación de los niños y que realmente estaban en consonancia con las políticas educativas del país. En esas condiciones en la década de los años treinta, el caso de los centros de interés ocuparon la atención de los pedagogos, dado que se interesaron por trabajar con sus educandos aspectos relacionados con la observación, la asociación, las relaciones causa - efecto y por supuesto que la expresión cuyos recursos de enseñanza facilitaban los aprendizajes de los niños.
Los hermanos de la Salle y su vinculación con las políticas educativas colombianas en el siglo XX
Authors: Semanate Navia Carmen Elvira
Published: October 2020

La Congregación de los Hermanos de las Escuelas Cristianas, conocidos más como Hermanos de la Salle, han hecho grandes aportes a la educación en Colombia. Dicha Comunidad llegó a Colombia en el año 1891, época conocida en la historia de Colombia como el período de la Regeneración. Aquel período requería impulsar nuevas políticas educativas en concordancia con el sistema de gobierno que había iniciado hacia el año 1886 y buscaba con afán la implementación de políticas educativas acordes con la nueva constitución en donde se fomentaran nuevos valores educativos y tuviera como centro la religión católica. De esa manera los Hermanos de la Salle fundaron inicialmente algunas escuelas en la ciudad de Bogotá entre las que se conocen: la Escuela Apostólica, el Colegio de San Bernardo y el Noviciado de Chapinero. Hacia el año 1896 se funda el Instituto De La Salle en el barrio Egipto de la misma ciudad.La penetración del Proyecto Educativo Lasallista obedeció al interés de aquella comunidad por fomentar enseñanzas prácticas que el estado colombiano requería en aquel momento. El sistema educativo de los Hermanos de la Salle buscó desarrollar una nueva educación moralizadora, concebida desde de una visión pragmática con fuerte énfasis confesional, es decir, desde la acción educadora de naturaleza católica, ejercida a partir de las enseñanzas modernas.  Así mismo, es importante destacar el aporte que esta comunidad hizo en el Congreso pedagógico de 1917 donde se expusieron trabajos de investigación notables para el mejoramiento de la educación en Colombia.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Imidazopyridine Analogues and
Evaluation as H+/K+-ATPase Antagonist
Authors: Sonawane R.S. , Shirsat Mrunal , Patil S.R. , Hundiwale J.C. , atil A.V. P
Published: October 2020

CID data base were explored considering AZD0865 as standard and docked in proton pump ATPase
pocket (PDB ID: 4ux2) to find out novel imidazopyridine derivatives as proton pump inhibitors. A
number of compounds showed good proton pump ATPase inhibitory activity as per the molecular
docking study as compared to standard compound AZD0865. The compound AZD0865showed a
docking score of -7.11 and revealed the interactions with amino acids Asn 138 and Asp 137. A series
of novel imidazopyridine derivatives as proton pump inhibitors were docked, synthesized and
characterized by IR, NMR, CHN and MS spectral analysis. The target imidazopyridines were prepared
from the intermediate substituted 2-aminonicotinic acid and 2-bromo-1-substituted ethanone. in vitro
pharmacological studies explained that some compounds exhibited moderate to good proton pump
ATPase inhibitory activity in comparison with the reference drugs i.e. AZD0865. Compound
N-(3-(aminomethyl)benzyl)-3-(benzylamino)-2-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxamide and
N-(3-(aminomethyl)benzyl)-3-(benzylamino)-2-(4-ethylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxamide
showed higher activities with the IC50 6.2 and 6.0 μg. Many compounds showed IC50 as weak antiulcer
activity as compared to positive control AZD0865.
Design, Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Novel
2-Thiobenzimidazole Derivatives: in silico and in vitro Approach
Authors: Babu C. Naresh , Triveni S. , Jyothi M. Vijaya , Yamuna B. , Yamini A.
Published: October 2020

The development of potent antimicrobial agents is more essential due to resistance developed in
microorganisms towards the existing drugs. The diversity in the biological retort profile of benzimidazole
more attracted the attention to develop novel compounds to its various potential against microorganisms.
In present work, designed molecular structures docked against DNA gyrase subunit B and lanosterol
14α-demethylase (LAD) proteins. Interestingly, most of the compounds revealed excellent docking
scores and interactions compared with the co-crystal ligands KKK, 1YN of LAD proteins 3LD6,
5V5Z than DNA gyrase subunit B proteins 5L3J and 4P8O. Then, the molecular properties were
predicted by the Swiss ADME tool, the compounds showed no violation in Lipinski’s rule and good
synthetic accessibility. These compounds synthesized by stirring of 2-mercapto benzimidazole (1),
epichlorohydrin (2) in the presence of sodium hydroxide gives 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-ylthio)-3-
chloropropan-2-ol (3), which upon refluxing with different substituted aliphatic and aromatic amines
in methanol produces novel benzimidazole derivatives (4a-l). These compounds were characterized
by their melting point, FT-IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectral data. The synthesized molecules screened
for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The compound 4l exhibited excellent activity at MIC 0.4
μg/mL against C. albicans. Compounds 4c and 4e showed MIC at 3.12 μg/mL against E. coli and the
compounds 4l and 4J exhibited MIC at 3.12 μg/mL against S. aureus. Docking studies and activity
result reveals the novel benzimidazole compound 4l has excellent antifungal and antibacterial effect.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of
Recent Isatin Derivatives with Proven Pharmacophoric Moiety
Authors: Bhatnagar Ruchi , Pandey Jaya , Panhekar Deepa
Published: October 2020

Isatin derivatives, alkylated with proven pharmacophoric moiety were synthesized for various
biodynamic activities. To enhance some biodynamic properties like antibacterial and antifungal, imine
formation with various compounds at C3 was analyzed. The isatin derivatives were characterized and
examined for various biodynamic activities on bacteria, fungus and cancer cell lines.
Studies on the Electrochemical Parameters of
Potentiodynamic Electrocopolymerization of Aniline
Authors: Saraswat Apoorv , Srivastav Manish K. , Pal Singh Rana K.
Published: October 2020

To know more understanding on the parameters effecting electrocopolymerization of aniline, a
theoretical study of electrochemical behaviour had been performed through cyclic voltammetry at the
platinum electrode through controlled potential electrocopolymerization (CPE) in 0.01 M LiClO4 solution
at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. It is observed that parameters in the presence of additive (perchloric acid)
and selective solvent-electrolyte pair parameters affect the morphology, stability and solubility of the
copolymer matrix. The morphological structure analysis exhibits nano-structured polydispersity
characterized by a scanning electron microscope.