bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Venous Thromboembolism in Podiatric Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Matthews Jemma H. , Terrill Alexander J. , Barwick Alex L. , Butterworth Paul A.
Published: January 2018

Background: The extent to which podiatric surgeons follow venous thromboembolism guidelines is unknown. The aim of this study therefore, was 2-fold: (a) to determine the rate of venous thromboembolism following podiatric surgery and (b) to investigate the factors that influence the use of thromboprophylaxis. Methods: Data from 4238 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery over 2 years were analyzed. Venous thromboembolism within the first 30 days following surgery was recorded using the Australasian College of Podiatric Surgeons surgical audit tool. Logistic regression analyses were undertaken to determine the factors that influenced thromboprophylaxis. Results: Of the 4238 patient records, 3677 records (87%) provided complete data (age range 2-94 years; mean ± SD, 49.1 ± 19.7 years; 2693 females). A total of 7 venous thromboembolic events (0.2% rate) were reported. Operative duration and age (OR 12.63, 95% CI 9.47 to 16.84, P < 0.01), postoperative immobilization (OR 6.94, 95% CI 3.95 to 12.20, P < 0.01), and a prior history of VTE (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.01 to 11.04, P = 0.04) were the strongest predictors of thromboprophylaxis. Conclusion: Podiatric foot and ankle surgery is associated with a low rate of venous thromboembolism. This may be due in part to the thromboprophylaxis regime implemented by podiatric surgeons, which closely aligns with current evidence-based guidelines.

Levels of Evidence: Level II: Prospective cohort study
Quantitative proteomics of plasma vesicles identify novel biomarkers for hemoglobin E/β-thalassemic patients
Authors: Kittivorapart Janejira , Crew Vanja Karamatic , Wilson Marieangela C. , Heesom Kate J. , Siritanaratkul Noppadol , Toye Ashley M.
Published: January 2018

Key Points

Chaperones, antioxidants, iron-sequestering proteins, and cathepsin S exhibited increased abundance in thalassemic EVs. Haptoglobin and hemopexin are reduced in thalassemic patients’ EVs, reflecting hemolysis. These could be used as clinical biomarkers.
The Guy's/Age Concern Survey
Authors: Lindesay James , Briggs Kate , Murphy Elaine
Published: January 2018

A sample of 890 people aged 65 years and over living at home in the Lewisham and North Southwark Health District was interviewed using a structured schedule containing CARE organic brain syndrome and depression scales, and items dealing with anxiety symptoms. Total prevalence rates were 4.6% for cognitive impairment, 13.5% for depression, 3.7% for generalised anxiety, and 10.0% for phobic disorders. Cognitive impairment increased exponentially with age, and was associated with lower occupational class. There was no significant association between occupational class and depression, generalised anxiety, or phobic disorder in this sample. Cognitive impairment, depression and agoraphobia were associated with significantly higher levels of dependency in the tasks of daily living.
A Study of the Effects of Desipramine Treatment Alone and in Combination with L-Triiodothyronine on 6-Sulphatoxymelatonin Excretion in Depressed Patients
Authors: Bearn J. , Franey C. , Arendt J. , Checkley S. A.
Published: January 2018

Urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (αMT6s) excretion was measured after one day and one, two and three weeks of desipramine treatment in eight depressed patients. There was a significant increase in the urinary excretion of αMT6s after one week of treatment, and at no time was there any decrease in αMT6s excretion. These findings are opposed to the hypothesis that desipramine reduces noradrenergic neurotransmission in the human pineal. In a further five patients whose depression was resistant to desipramine alone, urinary αMT6s excretion was measured during treatment with adjunctive L-triiodothyronine (T3). There was no change in αMT6s excretion, and thus the previously reported potentiation of the efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants in combination with T3does not appear to be mediated through an alteration in noradrenergic neurotransmission.
The Scottish Survey of New Chronic In-patients: Five-Year Follow-Up
Authors: McCreadie R. G. , McCannell E. S.
Published: January 2018

Patients aged 18–64 years, in hospital more than one but less than six years, were followed up five years after identification: 22% had died, 50% remained in-patients, and 28% had been discharged; only 10% of first admissions with organic brain disease had left hospital. Of those discharged, 37% had no contact with after-care services. Of those remaining in hospital, 39% did not require in-patient care. Patients' level of functioning had improved over the five years.
Musical Hallucinations in a Deaf Elderly Woman
Authors: Fenton George W. , McRae Duncan A.
Published: January 2018

Musical hallucinations had caused an 86-year-old deaf woman to become anxious and depressed. She was admitted, and tranquillising and hypnotic drugs afforded some slight improvement. The use of her hearing aid to increase ambient noise levels reduced the intensity of the hallucinations, and the patient improved.
Mianserin-Induced Restless Legs Syndrome
Authors: Paik In-Ho , Lee Chul , Choi Bo-Moon , Chae Young-Lae , Kim Chong-Eun
Published: January 2018

Restless legs syndrome was observed in three patients receiving mianserin. The symptoms resolved when the treatment was discontinued or reduced.
The Predictive Value of the Dexamethasone Suppression Test
Authors: Peselow Eric D. , Stanley Michael , Filippi Ann-Marie , Barouche Faouzia , Goodnick Paul , Fieve Ronald R.
Published: January 2018

We evaluated the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as a predictor of response to drugs and placebo in 105 patients, in a large double-blind placebo-controlled out-patient trial to determine the efficacy of paroxetine HCI, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, compared with that of imipramine HCI and placebo. The presence of a positive or negative DST did not predict response to either paroxetine or imipramine. However, a positive DST predicted a poorer response to placebo: only 3 out of 18 patients who showed DST non-suppression responded to placebo, as opposed to 11 out of 21 who exhibited DST suppression (P<0.05). A positive DST was associated with a 61% response to drugs and a 16% response to placebo. This finding suggests that the presence of a positive DST implies the need for active somatic treatment.
The Democracy of the Dream
Authors: Holmes Jeremy
Published: January 2018

The Mystique of Dreams: A Search for Utopia Through Senoi Dream Theory (University of California Press, Berkeley, $9.95 (pb), 146 pp., 1990) is by G. William Domhoff, Professor of Psychology and Sociology at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The Dreaming Brain (Penguin, London, £6.99, 319 pp., 1990) is by J. Allan Hobson, Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard and an internationally recognised dream researcher. Dreamwork in Psychotherapy and Self Change (Norton, New York, £25, 372 pp., 1990) is by Alvin R. Mahrer who is Professor of Psychology at the University of Ottawa, and author of numerous books on psychotherapy and dreams. Dream, Phantasy and Art (Routledge, London, £30 (hb), £10.99 (pb), 120 pp., 1991) is by Hanna Segal, former Freud Professor of Psychoanalysis at University College, London, and a leading Kleinian psychoanalyst and writer. The Rhetoric of Dreams (Cornell University Press, Cornell, $22.50, 217 pp., 1988) is by Bert. O. States, Professor of Drama at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Man and Machine
Authors: Crouch Eric
Published: January 2018

Medical Technology and Society: An interdisciplinary Perspective is published by the MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (£15,95 (pb), £26.95 (hb), 571 pp., 1990). Its publication is sponsored by the Affred P. Sloan Foundation as part of a New Liberal Arts Program for undergraduates. The authors, Joseph D. Bronzino, Vincent H. Smith and Maurice L Wade, are university teachers-Bronzino and Wade at Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut, and Vincent Smith is Professor at Montana State University.
Peer Review of “Psychosurgery: Stereotactic Subcaudate Tractotomy
Authors: Cawley Robert , Tarsh Michael
Published: January 2018

The following two assessments represent an extract of the peer review of the paper by Bridges et al. The comments of Michael Tarsh are being published posthumously with the permission of his widow. All referees were originally anonymous. The paper has been extensively revised and shortened in the copy-editing.
Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders: A. T. Beck
Authors: Paykel E. S.
Published: January 2018

Beck's original book on cognitive therapy was published in the USA in 1976 but not reviewed in the Journal until December 1979 (139, 582–583). The review was favourable. A second book (Beck et al, 1979) was not reviewed, although by then there was a substantial and growing literature on cognitive approaches to treatment.
Health economics
Authors: McCrone Paul , Thornicroft Graham
Published: January 2018

Health economists are multiplying. An increasing number of academic units focus on research and teaching in this area. Notable examples in Britain are the Centre for Health Economics (University of York), the Health Economics Research Unit (University of Aberdeen) and the Health Economics Research Group (Brunei University). Health economists can also be found within departments which have a broader health focus, such as the Department of Public Health and Policy at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. However, the impact of health economics on psychiatry has not been widespread. In the 1996 addition of HEART (the directory of health economists) only 26 (8%) of 331 economists cite psychiatry, mental illness, mental health, addiction, alcohol, community care, case management, schizophrenia, or depression as a key interest. Even so, there are specialised units such as the Centre for the Economics of Mental Health (Institute of Psychiatry), and interest in health economics is also growing among psychiatrists (Wilkinson & Pelosi, 1988; Goldberg, 1991).
The Environment
Authors: Freeman Hugh
Published: January 2018

There has been a surprising lack of interest in - and an even greater lack of worthwhile research on - the relationship between the physical environment and human life in its psychological-behavioural aspects. Following up the outcome of interventions is a basic investigatory task for psychiatrists, but has had little attraction for planners or architects, any more than for lawyers. It is ironic, though, that psychiatry should so often be attacked for taking too clinical or mechanistic a view, considering that hardly any other discipline (except social work) devotes so much attention in everyday practice to the objective circumstances of peoples' lives. Perhaps this bad press has something to do with the failure of social psychiatry to construct a coherent environmental offshoot, or to intervene usefully in that kind of public issue - a gap which I have tried to start filling in Mental Health and the Environment (Freeman, 1985).
Immune-Modified Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (imRECIST): Refining Guidelines to Assess the Clinical Benefit of Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Hodi F. Stephen , Ballinger Marcus , Lyons Benjamin , Soria Jean-Charles , Nishino Mizuki , Tabernero Josep , Powles Thomas , Smith David , Hoos Axel , McKenna Chris , Beyer Ulrich , Rhee Ina , Fine Gregg , Winslow Nathan , Chen Daniel S. , Wolchok Jedd D.
Published: January 2018

Purpose

Treating solid tumors with cancer immunotherapy (CIT) can result in unconventional responses and overall survival (OS) benefits that are not adequately captured by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. We describe immune-modified RECIST (imRECIST) criteria, designed to better capture CIT responses.

Patients and Methods

Atezolizumab data from clinical trials in non–small-cell lung cancer, metastatic urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma were evaluated. Modifications to imRECIST versus RECIST v1.1 included allowance for best overall response after progressive disease (PD) and changes in PD definitions per new lesions (NLs) and nontarget lesions. imRECIST progression-free survival (PFS) did not count initial PD as an event if the subsequent scan showed disease control. OS was evaluated using conditional landmarks in patients whose PFS differed by imRECIST versus RECIST v1.1.

Results

The best overall response was 1% to 2% greater, the disease control rate was 8% to 13% greater, and the median PFS was 0.5 to 1.5 months longer per imRECIST versus RECIST v1.1. Extension of imRECIST PFS versus RECIST v1.1 PFS was associated with longer or similar OS. Patterns of progression analysis revealed that patients who developed NLs without target lesion (TL) progression had a similar or shorter OS compared with patients with RECIST v1.1 TL progression. Patients infrequently experienced a spike pattern (TLs increase, then decrease) but had longer OS than patients without TL reversion.

Conclusion

Evaluation of PFS and patterns of response and progression revealed that allowance for TL reversion from PD per imRECIST may better identify patients with OS benefit. Progression defined by the isolated appearance of NLs, however, is not associated with longer OS. These results may inform additional modifications to radiographic criteria (including imRECIST) to better reflect efficacy with CIT agents.
IN THE GRAY FOREST SOIL OF CHUVASHIYA
Authors: Ильина Тамара , Il'ina Tamara , Ильин Андрей , Il'in Andrey , Васильев Олег , Vasil'ev Oleg
Published: January 2018

Unfavorable water regime conditions are observed in the forest-steppe agrolandscape of the Chuvash Republic, on average-eroded and gray-forest hard loamy silty-limous soil, comparing with non-eroded difference, under all crops of grain-crop rotation in the arable and subsoil layers, which reduces its potential and effective fertility and crop productivity.
Of mixtures in the system of fodder production of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Мухамадиев Рустем , Mukhamadiev Rustem , Низамов Рустам , Nizamov Rustam , Маликов Марсель , Malikov Marsel
Published: January 2018

Mixed crops of annual fodder crops are one of the main levers for balancing livestock feeds, at the same time increasing their productivity and quality remains an urgent task. In connection with these, from 2011 to 2013 years, we conducted field experiments with these crops. Thus, for the first time in the soil-climatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan, the following were studied at the research site: the effectiveness of applying calculated doses of mineral fertilizers to the planned yield of poly-species forage crops; quality and nutritional value of feed; dynamics of nutrition elements on strip crops of sunflower and annual grasses, depending on the nutrition background. According to the results of the research, it was found that the largest harvest of fodder units is achieved with the sowing scheme 180 + 180 cm (N85P35K35), the highest increment of dry matter is in the scheme 180 + 180 and 360 + 360 cm (N130P60K60), the maximum harvesting of crude protein for sunflower seeding and annual grasses with a width of strips of 180 cm (N130P60K60).
INCREASE OF COMPETITIVENESS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OF AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ENTERPRISES OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Клычова Айгуль , Klychova Augul , Гирфанов Салават , Girfanov Salavat , Крупина Гульнара , Krupina Gul'nara , Сафиуллин Ильнур , Safiullin Il'nur
Published: January 2018

The development of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan in the current economic conditions is a key element in the formation of food security and the competitiveness of the region. Further achievement of competitiveness is possible in terms of further development of the corporate approach, methods and management tools, that will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article considers the corporate governance features, which consists in the search by enterprises of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan for further sectoral parameters of development for sustainable economic growth, taking into account the stochastic conditions of activity, enterprises of this sector of the economy.
Freedom and Responsibility of the Individual As Indicators of Self-Development
Authors: Иванова Ирина , Ivanova Irina
Published: January 2018

The work is built around the study of the important direction of the development of modern education, consisting in individualization as the basis for the formation of a self-developing personality. It is postulated that self-development is associated with the existential choice of a person, which occurs at the moment of a life event dictated by a specifi c social situation. The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis of the pedagogical, philosophical and psychological literature on the issue of considering freedom and responsibility, on the one hand, as categories of modern education, on the other hand, as indicators of self-development of the individual. Attention is focused on the educational sense of the category of freedom as freedom not “from” but “for”. Particular attention is paid to the fundamental idea of the concept of existential pedagogy, consisting in the formation of a person who can optimally live his life, making maximum use of his potentials, developing himself and improving himself, realizing himself in socially signifi cant activity. An appeal was made to the ideas of the philosophy of existentialism, which are the basis of the methodology of existential pedagogy, namely: the understanding of essence (J.P. Sartre), choice as the basis of human essence (A. Camus); Freedom as free will (J. Habermas, K. Jaspers), freedom to take responsibility for one’s own destiny, freedom to listen to one’s conscience and make decisions about one’s destiny (V.Frankl); The ideas of existential psychology (V.N. Druzhinin), as well as the psychological theory of overcoming, developed by R.Kh. Shakurov, the main category of which is the barrier that man overcomes and determines his development/self-development.
Let's think
Authors: McTavish Anni
Published: January 2018

How a creative thinking and learning project in Newham benefited both the children and practitioners who took part. By Anni McTavish
The Politics of the Plinth: Notes on a Latent Ocularcentrism in Aureli’s Theory of an Absolute Architecture
Authors: Lægring Kasper
Published: January 2018

According to Pier Vittori Aureli, architectural form becomes political by being a clearly defined limit. These defining effects of architectural form are also what allow a civic and political space to exist. In contrast to the tradition of urbanism, Aureli praises Mies van der Rohe because of the architect’s use of form as an act of demarcation, where a reinterpreted classical plinth carries a glass-and-steel pavilion structure. While Aureli regards this Modernist plinth as a guarantor of absoluteness and independence from urbanism, this article conversely argues that the Miesian plinth is just as implicated in nineteenth-century urbanism as the gridded plans of Cerdà, since this model can be traced back, not to the Ancient Greek temple, but to a novel nineteenth-century visual culture which came into being under the spell of ocularcentrism and panopticism. Aureli’s theory is thus supplemented with its necessary counterpart to management: the representational component of urbanism.
Los fundamentos religiosos de la bildung como epítome de la educación alemana y su fundamental recelo antioccidental
Authors: Tröhler Daniel
Published: January 2018

Este artículo examina cómo durante la República de Weimar (1919- 1933), el pensamiento luterano permitió la incorporación de la educación como disciplina universitaria, organizada intelectualmente en torno a la noción de Bildung excluyendo aspectos prácticos. Con el fin de proporcionar un recorrido histórico este trabajo aborda el período entre 1890 y 1925. En primer lugar, el artículo examina cómo, hacia el final del siglo XIX, el crecimiento económico, territorial y militar de Alemania no fue favorecido por su intelectualidad, la cual sustentó una filosofía dualista. A continuación, el documento analiza el trasfondo cultural e institucional de esta filosofía en la que la teoría de la Bildung emergió y se desarrolló. En tercer lugar, el artículo reconstruye el modo en el que las ciencias de la educación, fundamentadas en la ideología de Bildung, se convirtieron en una disciplina académica durante la Gran Guerra. También se analiza cómo Persönlichkeit y Bildung se convirtieron en los reclamos dominantes en la batalla contra Occidente y las ciencias empíricas. Finalmente, el documento examina cómo los defensores de Bildung trataron de mantener su viabilidad.
Frente de juventudes y escuela: la construcción del imaginario social de la juventud durante el franquismo (1940-1960)
Authors: Mauri Medrano Marta
Published: January 2018

Este texto tiene como propósito fundamental analizar cómo los imaginarios sociales constituyen esquemas interpretativos de la realidad, socialmente legitimados y comprometidos con los grupos hegemónicos. Durante el franquismo, las políticas educativas que se llevaron a cabo tenían como objetivo inculcar unos valores y unos conocimientos concretos que buscaban un adoctrinamiento de la infancia. Este estudio pretende comprender cómo se pusieron en marcha una serie de mecanismos en torno a la juventud, dentro y fuera del ámbito escolar, que buscaban este objetivo. Queremos valorar la importancia que el régimen concedió a rituales, conmemoraciones, fiestas escolares, canciones, uniformes… como un medio para transmitir contenidos, valores e ideología.
Análisis de las series documentales para el estudio de la historia de la educación en los archivos históricos de seminarios: el ejemplo del Archivo del Seminario San Atón de Badajoz
Authors: Vivas Moreno Agustín , González Lozano Francisco , Pérez Ortiz Guadalupe
Published: January 2018

El carácter educativo del Seminario Metropolitano San Atón de Badajoz ha generado, a lo largo de trescientos cincuenta años de trayectoria, testimonios escritos de necesaria consulta para la historia educativa. El archivo del Seminario Metropolitano San Atón custodia documentación aún desconocida para la elaboración de futuros trabajos sobre educación. El investigador que ahonde en la educación y en los métodos pedagógicos entre los siglos XVII al XX necesariamente volverá su mirada a este interesante archivo dado que el Seminario de Badajoz asumió durante parte de su historia ser la sede del primer centro de enseñanzas secundarias de Badajoz y la primera universidad de Extremadura, por consiguiente, su archivo alberga contenidos vitales para el estudio de la educación extremeña y de los alumnos que pasaron por sus aulas, permitiendo el trazado de investigaciones de heterogénea naturaleza.
A COLOURFUL NEW SPECIES OF MYZOMELA HONEYEATER FROM ROTE ISLAND IN EASTERN INDONESIA
Authors: Prawiradilaga Dewi Malia , Baveja Pratibha , Suparno Suparno , Ashari Hidayat , Ng Nathaniel Sheng Rong , Gwee Chyi Yin , Verbelen Philippe , Rheindt Frank Erwin
Published: January 2018

The avifauna of Rote Island in the Lesser Sundas is not well studied and generally considered to be similar to that of adjacent Timor Island. However, some cases of bird endemism have recently been documented on this island. A population of Myzomela honeyeater is one such example. First observed in October 1990, it has been subsumed with Myzomela dammermani from Sumba Island given its superficially similar appearance. Based on extensive morphological inspection and bioacoustic analysis, we here describe this population as a new taxon to science. Apart from previously overlooked plumage distinctions, the new taxon bioacoustically differs from M. dammermani in the presence or absence of several unique call types and considerable differences across two parameters in shared call types. Considering the importance of bioacoustics in avian species delimitation, we propose that the new Rote Myzomela be considered a distinct species. Given continued habitat conversion across its small range, we propose the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) threat status Vulnerable for the species.
Anti-inflammatory potentials, membrane stabilizing and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of Clerodendrum volibule ethanolic leaf extract on carragenaan- induced inflammation in rats
Authors: Olufunmilayo. Olarenwaju , Mary OLOGE , Idris Oyemitan , Rufus AKOMOLAFE , Bola Akinpelu , Joseph Apata , EZEKIEL OLUGBENGA IWALEWA
Published: January 2018

The folkloric use of Clerodendrum volubile P Beauv (Verbenaceae) for treatment of inflammatory conditions in the Southern part of Nigeria has been reported. The anti-inflammatory action of the ethanolic leaf extract on carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects, and membrane stabilizing potential were evaluated. The extract reduced carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema in a dose dependent manner compared to control group. C. volubile inhibited xanthine oxidase activity in a dose - dependent manner; at 0.5 mg/ml it exhibited maximum inhibitory activity of 95.48% while the standard drug, allopurinol exhibited 70 % inhibition. The extract significantly inhibited lipoxygenase activity, with highest activity at 0.4 mg/ml while Quercetin showed maximum inhibition of the enzyme at 0.1 mg/ml. The extract and Acetaminophen exhibited maximum membrane stabilizing activity of 91.85 Â± 0.50% and 94.32 Â± 0.32% at 2.5 mg/ml respectively. These findings provide justification for the traditional use of C. volubile in inflammatory conditions.
Pembangkangan Mistik Jawa Dalam Suluk Cebolek (Episode Haji Ahmad Mutamakin)
Authors: Muzairi Muzairi
Published: January 2018

Haji Ahmad Mutamakin lived during the time of Sunan Mangkurat IV (1719-26 A.D.) and of his son Paku Buwana II (1726-49 A.D.) in the village of Cabolek in the Tuban district, on the northern coast of East Java. He preached the Science of Reality (Ilmu Hakekat) to many. He disregarded the revealed Law (Shari’a). His behavior constituted a scandal to Muslims throughout the Tuban area. He was regarded by many as an enemy not only because he had infringed the Law of the Prophet but also because he was considered to have been to the king.
Muhdas Perspektif KH. Moh. Syihabuddin Muhsin (Pemahaman Hadis-Hadis Bid’ah versi Tokoh Lokal)
Authors: Nursihah Arif
Published: January 2018

“Misunderstanding often causes a quarrel, even to understand traditional collection of stories relating words or deeds of Muhammad. Now, some of Moslems judge one each other just for getting title“ahl sunna” and claim other to “ahl bida’” without thinking about togetherness which is more important. Although it’s a complicative problem but has to be solved. One of the ways is reinterpreting hadith about muhdas especially by Indonesian personage. This article aims to get an Indonesian muhdas view and his understanding of hadith method.”
Melacak Pemikiran Poskolonialisme Sartre: Pengantar Sartre untuk The Wretched of the Earth Karya Fanon
Authors: Suharto Toto
Published: January 2018

The article seeks to discuss Jean-Paul Sartre’s idea on Post-colonialism. The focus is on Sartre’s notion listed in Preface for Franz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth. Sartre stated that colonialism opposed humanism, since human beings came into the world in a free stance. Colonialism should be challenged with decolonization, aimed at revitalizing awareness of humanism obstructed by European monsters. Europe as the West, should not conduct violence and cruelty to Third world—the East. The West and the East, indeed, should not be confronted. This serves as a historical framework led to the emergence of first phase of Postcolonialism idea.
Deconstructing Animal Sacrifice (Qurban) In Idul Adha
Authors: Zikri Khairullah
Published: January 2018

Kisah Ibrahim terlihat cukup mampu mengubah sejarah manusia. Hal ini tercermin seperti pada kepercayaan agama Yahudi, Kristen dan Islam. Kisah tersebut telah membentuk tradisi, nilai-nilai etika, dan pandangan tiga agama itu pada relasi sosial, dengan demikian hal tersebut juga telah mengayam realitas kehidupan. Dalam tradisi Islam, kisah Ibrahim diperingati tiap tahunnya pada Hari Raya Idul Adha. Tradisi ini dapat diamati dengan pelaksanaan kurban binatang dengan pembagian dagingnya sebagai pengingat pengorbanan Ibrahim dan Ismail. Namun, pada konteks Idul Adha tahun 2010 yang bersamaan dengan peristiwa musibah banjir di Wasior, Tsunami di Mentawai dan Letusan Merapi di Jawa, pertanyaannya menjadi akankah ritual yang sama tetap dilaksanakan? Aer Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyuguhkan pembacaan alternatif terhadap praktik penyembelihan binatang pada perayaan Idul Adha. Meminjam dekonstruksi Derrida, penulis menegaskan pluralitas makna yang termaktub di dalam satu teks. Jika pluralitas ini dimungkinkan, maka bentuk-bentuk kurban yang lain di luar penyembelihan binatang menjadi hal yang perlu dipikirkan.Sesunggguhnya, implikasi dari praktik Islam terhadap ritual penyembelihan tidaklah pengaliran darah dan menyenangkan Tuhan dengan mengorbankan nyawa yang lain, namun lebih kepada penghidmatan kepada Tuhan atas keberlangsungan pengorbanan individu seperti harta kepemilikan dan kepunyaan kepada sesama manusia.
The Contemporary Discussion on Women’s Inheritance (A Study on Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd’s Interpretation and Its Implication)
Authors: Qadafi Mu’ammar Zanyn
Published: January 2018

Artikel ini membahas persoalan bagian wanita dalam warisan meskipun tampak out of date, menjadi sebuah pintu masuk yang efektif untuk melihat kembali relevansi dari fikih klasik di masa kontemporer sekaligus untuk merumuskan formulasi hukum yang lebih akomodatif dan berwawasan gender. Tulisan ini ditulis untuk menganalisa aplikasi teori interpretasi Ma’nā-Maghzā Abū Zayd pada ayat-ayat alQur’an mengenai bagian perempuan dalam warisan sekaligus bagaimana implikasinya dalam dinamika hukum Islam. Interpretasi semacam ini memiliki beberapa implikasi penting diantaranya: Satu, perlunya merumuskan panduan umum bagi para pemegang otoritas dalam pembagian harta warisan; Dua, kewajiban bagi para pasangan pengantin untuk mengembangkan sebuah hubungan kemitraan (partnership) dengan multiple female-male roles dalam keluarga dan bukan hubungan kepemimpinan (leadership).
Imam Ali Zainal Abidin Al-Sajjad A.S. dan Sahifah Sajjadiyyah
Authors: Suryadilaga Muhammad Alfatih
Published: January 2018

The article discusses words of praying in Shiite perspective found in Sahifah Sajjadiyah. The book serves as one of great references for Muslim’s religious spirituality. Besides, the Imam as a figure inspires us for his wisdom overcoming everyday problem.Among Shiite community, the author’s capacity is undoubtedly recognized for he is one of the Imams and the grand grandson of the Prophet PBUH. The book comprises of variety of praying supported a good life either in this world or in the hereafter. The pray itself implements both in daily activities in a particular time and material and natural context. In contemporary context, Sahifah Sajjadiyah becomes one of models for people’s piety in that it provides individual with rich spiritual aspects and leads a harmonize type of relationship among human beings, God and nature.
Tradisi Maulid Pada Masyarakat Mlangi Yogyakarta
Authors: Nadia Zunly
Published: January 2018

The article discusses the Maulidan tradition in Mlangi Yogyakarta. The festival as commemorating the birthday of the Prophet PBUH has become a tradition for most Muslim in Indonesia. The Maulid festival in Mlangi has descended for centuries commemorating the birthday of the Prophet PBUH. The festival shows the dialectic stance of religion and tradition seen in three related-meanings namely modernity, religion and predecessor’s cultures.
Bangsa Indonesia di Tengah Fenomena Kekerasan dan Ketidakadilan (Perspektif Filsafat Pancasila)
Authors: Abror Robby Habiba
Published: January 2018

Pancasila serves as the state philosophy, way of life, and national ideology in Indonesia. Once the Pancasila as the nation ideology is functionally applied, the balanced life of the nation is present. In reality, Pancasila is abused and politized in a destructive interest to justify immoral actions. This affected to the people misery, as found in Lapindo case in Sidoarjo and most Indonesian workers abroad. In this scene, Pancasila should be redefined pointing the critical-philosophical mode of reflection. This could be stimulated to gain creative-historical potency constructing Indonesia better.
Agama: Sebuah Upaya Pembebasan Manusia (Perspektif-Dialogis Islam dan Kristen)
Authors: Muin Munawir
Published: January 2018

Contemporary issues are present in the course of human civilization. In this  part, religion should take its participation and offer a solution to these human contemporary issues. Religion should play an immense role solving the existing conflicts, but not serve as the source of conflicts. It is significant, in this context, to underscore religion as a solution of liberating human from their conflicts. The populist type of religiosity is demanding. It does not refer to place religiosity in its plain aim, but serves it as a medium pursuing the welfare of life. It leads to pluralist-liberalist traits that aware the truth outside one’s religion, support respects and tolerance to others in terms of their religious expressions.
Kearifan Dialogis Nabi Atas Tradisi Kultural Arab: Sebuah Tinjauan Hadis
Authors: Syaikhudin Syaikhudin
Published: January 2018

There is a lots of local traditions arab wisely maintained and preserved by the Prophet. It’s like, the pilgrimage to Mecca, the rule of law marriages, deaths, versification, and many more. All of this can be found in many Hadith are scattered in the books of hadith. The Prophet is in order to reconcile Islam with the forces of the local Arab culture, it is done so that the local Arab culture is not lost. Thus, the face of Islam as a religion that rahmatan li al-'Alamin, a religion that has a high appreciation of the tradition will be seen.
Membongkar Patriarkhisme Islam sebagai Kearifan Budaya Lokal: Sebuah Kritik Terhadap UU. No. 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan
Authors: Asnawi Habib Shulton
Published: January 2018

Patriarchism’s Islam is not a form of accusation that Islam is a patriarchal  religion. Patriarchism’s Islam here is a way of interpretation by certain circles, because of its cultural, political, social and historical role of specific, resulting in the claim that Islam is a religion that favor the ideology of patriarchy. This patriarchal ideology that considers women as inferior beings position than men. This forms a negative paradigm to the framers of the law in particular is the law. No. 1 Year 1974 About Marriage. As a result of the UUP, women in Indonesia, suffered discrimination and injustice, this is certainly a violation of human rights. The protection of women's rights is the duty of the government of Indonesia. Therefore, reform/amendment UUP is a necessity that should be done, in order of justice, equality and protection of human rights, especially as indigenous efforts in Indonesia.
Islam dan Kearifan Budaya Lokal: Studi Terhadap Tradisi Penghormatan Arwah Leluhur Masyarakat Jawa
Authors: MS Erwin Arsadani
Published: January 2018

Islam and Java for Indonesia are like two wings of a bird. It’s like opposite  each other impressed even hostile. Even been divided into two, namely students and Javanese, is unlikely to meet and continue bersebrangan. But as the two wings flapping both need each other. This is because the majority of the people of Java and Indonesia is the largest religion in the country is Islam. So the majority of people in Indonesia are Muslim Javanese. Because it would be synonymous with Muslim Javanese. Javanese people like pilgrimage, honoring the ancestors, leaders and powerful people. Java has cultural roots of respect for ancestors had to deal with Islamic monotheism. Early days of the Islamic clerics in Indonesia have discovered a way to bring together some of the culture of Java with the teachings of Islam. But there are still many Javanese culture which according to Islam is not in accordance with the principle of tawhid. It is certainly necessary theological evaluation of the scholars teaching Muslims that Islam is really rooted.
Keberagamaan Koruptor Menurut Psikologi (Tinjauan Orientasi Keagamaan dan Psikografi Agama)
Authors: Ismail Roni
Published: January 2018

All of religion forbids all followers to do something that could harm others.  Any religion has principles that must be complied with by all adherents, either ban or printah. One of the ban as "stealing money" corruption. This Coruption is certainly very forbidden by any religion, because Coruption not only harms the individual and the group, but much more dangerous is the people. Many of the perpetrators of corrupt framing comply with such personality that embraced religion. Is it true that someone who actually obey the religion he embraced still violate religious rules? Aartikel will analyze religious corruption from the perspective of psychology of religion that would be obtained by using the empirical explanation of the two theories in the psychology of religion, namely: Religious Orientation and Religion or psychographic dimensions Religiosity. Evident in a corrupt personality split (split personality) as opposed to monotheism. People who have split personality is not one word and deed, while the tauhid one word and deedwhat is believed, it is said, thought the same as what it does.
Masa Depan Kehidupan Beragama dan Kearifan Budaya Lokal: Studi terhadap Pemikiran Abdurrahman Wahid Mengenai Asal Usul Peradaban Islam dan Implikasinya Di Masa Mendatang
Authors: Shofiyyuddin M.
Published: January 2018

This article elaborates abdurrahman wahid’s concept about the origin of  islamic civilization. Islam humanist, in the view of gusdur, is the view of history that  describes so close to reality in past. History that is not to see the past in mythic and humanity. Someone’s view of the past as it is, is going to determine one’s outlook on the future. Respect and careful consideration based on factual condition of socity is formed by knowledge and concept about the history around him. Finally, Islam humanist is Islam that remarkes human rights, fair and equal before the law, defending minority, and also toleration to the local wisdom or native ways of religion.
Dualisme Agama: Menilik Peranannya atas Kedamaian dan Kesengsaraan
Authors: Widagdo Haidi Hajar
Published: January 2018

Agama memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan manusia, sebagai  sesuatu yang memiliki fungsi pengatur kehidupan manusia, agama seharusnya membawa kepada perdamaian serta kasih sayang, namun dalam kenyataan seringkali agama berubah fungsi. Layaknya dua sisi mata uang. Agama yang awalnya menjadi sumber kedamaian dan kebahagiaan, seringkali berubah menjadi sumber ketegangan, teror yang menakutkan. Vandalisme dan tindakan kekerasan lainnya sering kali beratasnamakan agama. Otoritas keagamaan disalahgunakan dan itu terjadi berulang-ulang, dan akhirnya kesucian agama itu ternodai. Pemaknaan nilai agama sebagai sebuah entitas yang membawa perdamaian harus disadari kembali, sehingga agama dapat kembali ke fungsi awalnya sebagai pusat kedamaian.[Religion plays an important role in human life, as something that has a regulatory function of human life, religion should lead to peace and love, but in reality often religious change function. Like the two sides of the coin. Religion is initially a source of peace and happiness, often turn out to be a source of tension, terror scary. Vandalism and other acts of violence often beratasnamakan religion. Religious authority abused and it happens over and over again, and finally the sanctity of religion was tainted. Meaning of religious values as an entity that brings peace have to realize again. Thus, religion can be returned to the original function as a center of peace.]
Ayat-ayat Perdamaian: Dekonstruksi Tafsir ala Jane Dammen McAuliffe
Authors: Lukman Fadhli
Published: January 2018

Its is the matter of fact that Muslims way to behave, including to behave  before other communities, such as Christians, comes from the Qur’an. To understand how Muslims do something on their religiousity is then to come analyzing the Qur’an. This is what Jane Dammen McAulife fully aware of; She is curious of how the Qur’an presents the Christians. However, since the Qur’an further controlled by exegesis, it become an integral aspect in her way to study Qura’nic Christians. This paper will descriptively explore Jane Dammen McAuliffe’s though on Qur’anic presentation to Christians. Her dissertation will be the basis of analysis. However, we previously present the mapping of her whole thought to gain the comprehensive understanding on her complete thought. In context of Qur’anic Christians, she concludes that since the exegesis controls the Qur’an, Qur’anic Christians refer to nor historical Christians nor the living community call themselves as Christians.
“Merariq Syar’i” di Lombok: Studi Living Hadis di Dusun Lendang Simbe
Authors: Salimudin Salimudin
Published: January 2018

This study discusses one of the topics in Living Hadits found in Merariq (Marriage)  tradition in Dusun Lendang Simbe. The case indicates the instance of various interpretations and Muslim society’s receptive mode of Hadits. In this vein, Hadits has not been only served as books and readings; it could be managed as ‘driving force’ in a broader understanding and tolerance. It seems that the Sasak Muslim could mingle the positionality of Islam in the face of cultural aspect. The study shows that Muslims lived in Lendang Simbe following the command of ‘Tuan Guru’ to avoid the tradition of ‘bebait’ (kidnapping). In the case of ‘nyongkolan’ tradition, they still preserved it with a little modification on the outfits without diminishing  the Sasak’s value and meaning.
Infotainment sebagai Teks: Dekonstruksi Libido Pasar Berita Ideologis dalam Ekonomi-Politik Media Hiburan
Authors: Abror Robby Habiba
Published: January 2018

Television still has been relevant labeled as a magical box that attracted many people. In term of infotainment, television simultaneously contributes the communicative implication to the people. Between January 2013 and January 2014, the Indonesian private television broadcasted at least the average minutes of 30 to 150 per day. The co-modification in infotainment represented the libidinal market of capitalists’ media, ensure the program. Infotainment serves not only as entertainment media, but also as ideological discourse massively entered the public’s domestic sphere. The public becomes closely related to the infotainment. As texts, infotainment is open to various interpretations.[Televisi masih relevan dilabeli sebagai kotak ajaib yang mampu menarik hati khalayak. Melalui salah satu hiburan informasi atau yang sering disebut sebagai infotainment, televisi menyumbang implikasi komunikatif terhadap khalayak secara berkesinambungan. Januari 2013 sampai dengan Januari 2014 televisi swasta setidaknya menayangkan infotainment antara 30 menit sampai dengan 150 menit per hari. Komodifikasi dalam infotainment merepresentasikan libido pasar media kapitalis yang memastikan tetap berjalannya tayangan tersebut. Tidak saja sebagai media hiburan, infotainment menjadi wacana ideologis yang secara masif masuk ke ranah domestik khalayak. Khalayak menjadi dekat dengan selebriti melalui infotainment. Sebagai teks, infotainment terbuka terhadap pelbagai interpretasi.]
Wajah Al-Qur’an dalam Media: Penelusuran Ayat-Ayat al-Qur’an dalam Rubrik Hikmah Harian Umum Republika
Authors: Suhendra Ahmad
Published: January 2018

This article will discuss the verses of the Qur'an, specifically appeared in the Republika Newspaper Rubric of “Hikmah”. The articles include only eight randomly selected ones in March 2014. The analysis deals with what kind of values discussed in the media related to al-Qur'an. The results showed that though there were attempts to inform the teachings or the values contained in the religion through the media, but it is still within a narrow range. The analysis shows that indeed the content of “Hikmah” rubric is more oriented on the religious motivations than philosophical one.[Artikel ini akan menelusuri ayat-ayat al-Qur’an Koran Repbulika, khususnya Rubrik Hikmah. Tulisan yang dikaji dipilih hanya delapan secara acak selam bulan Maret 2014. Dari situ akan dikaji nilai-nilai seperti apa yang dihasilkan atau dibentuk media dalam menampilkan al-Qur’an. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekalipun terdapat upaya untuk menginformasikan ajaran- ajaran atau nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam agama melalui media, tetapi hal itu masih dalam cakupan yang sempit. Uraiannya menunjukkan bahwa memang isi tulisan rubrik Hikmah ini lebih berorientasi pada ‘motivasi religius’ ketimbang analisis-filosofis.]
Menguji “Otentisitas Wahyu Tuhan” Dengan Pembacaan Kontemporer: Telaah Atas Polemical Studies Kajian Orientalis dan Liberal
Authors: Muzayyin Muzayyin
Published: January 2018

This paper deals with discourse trying to discuss various contemporary reading of the Koran, which is different from the classical understanding of the model. New research scholarship offered by the Quran in the form of structural linguistic approach is used to redefine the communication process between God with His chosen creature, using the frame of communication theory. The approach is then collaborated with the historical critical approach, which is one part of the methodology applied in Bible studies to the Qur’an. The emphasis is to clarify the origin of the source text focused on the origins of the Koran from the Judeo- Christian tradition. Furthermore, research with this approach seeks the historical aspects of the text of the Qur'an with the intention of reconstructing the historicity.[Diskursus dalam tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengurai berbagai pembacaan kontemporer terhadap al-Qur’an,yang berbeda dengan model pemahaman klasik. Riset baru yang ditawarkan oleh kesarjanaan Qur’an berupa pendekatan linguistic structural yang digunakan untuk memaknai ulang proses komunikasi Tuhan dengan mahluk pilihan-Nya, dengan bingkai teori komunikasi. Kemudian pendekatan itu dikolaborasikan dengan pendekatan kritik-historis,yang merupakan salah satu bagian dari metodologi Bibel yang diaplikasikan terhadap studi al-Qur’an. Fokusnya adalah untuk mengklarifikasi sumber asal usul teks, dengan menitikberatkan pencarian asal usul al-Qur’an dari tradisi Yahudi-Kristen. Melangkah lebih jauh, riset dengan pendekatan ini berusaha meneropong aspek kesejarahan teks al-Qur’an dengan maksud merekonstruksi ulang kesejarahannya.]