bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The plantaris tendon
Authors: Spang C. , Alfredson H. , Docking S. I. , Masci L. , Andersson G.
Published: September 2016

In recent years, the plantaris tendon has been implicated in the development of chronic painful mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. In some cases, a thickened plantaris tendon is closely associated with the Achilles tendon, and surgical excision of the plantaris tendon has been reported to be curative in patients who have not derived benefit following conservative treatment and surgical interventions.

The aim of this review is to outline the basic aspects of, and the recent research findings, related to the plantaris tendon, covering anatomical and clinical studies including those dealing with histology, imaging and treatment.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1312–19.
Prospective randomised comparison of ringversusrail fixator in infected gap nonunion of tibia treated with distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Rohilla R. , Wadhwani J. , Devgan A. , Singh R. , Khanna M.
Published: September 2016

Aims

This is a prospective randomised study which compares the radiological and functional outcomes of ring and rail fixators in patients with an infected gap (> 3 cm) nonunion of the tibia.

Patients and Methods

Between May 2008 and February 2013, 70 patients were treated at our Institute for a posttraumatic osseocutaneous defect of the tibia measuring at least 3 cm. These were randomised into two groups of 35 patients using the lottery method. Group I patients were treated with a ring fixator and group II patients with a rail fixator. The mean age was 33.2 years (18 to 64) in group I and 29.3 years (18 to 65) in group II. The mean bone gap was 5.84 cm in group I and 5.78 cm in group II. The mean followup was 33.8 months in group I and 32.6 months in group II. Bone and functional results were assessed using the classification of the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI). Functional results were also assessed at six months using the short musculoskeletal functional assessment (SMFA) score.

Results

The bone result was excellent, good, fair and poor in 21, 12, 0 and 2 in group I; and 14, 15, 3, and 3 in group II, respectively. The functional results were excellent, good, fair, poor and failure in 16, 17, 1, 0 and 1 in group I; and 22, 10, 0, 3 and 0 in group II, respectively. Both fixator systems achieved comparable rates of union and functional outcomes. The rate of deep pintract infection was significantly higher in the rail fixator group but patients found it more comfortable.

Conclusion

We recommend the use of a ring fixator in patients with a bone gap of more than 6 cm. Patients with a bone gap up to 6 cm can be managed with either a ring or rail fixator. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98B:1399–1405.
Early outcomes of twin-peg mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty compared with primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lum Z. C. , Lombardi A. V. , Hurst J. M. , Morris M. J. , Adams J. B. , Berend K. R.
Published: September 2016

Aims

Since redesign of the Oxford phase III mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) femoral component to a twin-peg design, there has not been a direct comparison to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Thus, we explored differences between the two cohorts.

Patients and Methods

A total of 168 patients (201 knees) underwent medial UKA with the Oxford Partial Knee Twin-Peg. These patients were compared with a randomly selected group of 177 patients (189 knees) with primary Vanguard TKA. Patient demographics, Knee Society (KS) scores and range of movement (ROM) were compared between the two cohorts. Additionally, revision, re-operation and manipulation under anaesthesia rates were analysed.

Results

The mean follow-up for UKA and TKA groups was 5.4 and 5.5 years, respectively. Six TKA (3.2%) versus three UKAs (1.5%) were revised which was not significant (p = 0.269). Manipulation was more frequent after TKA (16; 8.5%) versus none in the UKA group (p <  0.001). UKA patients had higher post-operative KS function scores versus TKA patients (78 versus 66, p < 0.001) with a trend toward greater improvement, but there was no difference in ROM and KS clinical improvement (p = 0.382 and 0.420, respectively).

Conclusion

We found fewer manipulations, and higher functional outcomes for patients treated with medial mobile-bearing UKA compared with TKA. TKA had twice the revision rate as UKA although this did not reach statistical significance with the numbers available. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):28–33.
Ten- to 15-year results of the Oxford Phase III mobile unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lisowski L. A. , Meijer L. I. , Bekerom M. P. J. van den , Pilot P. , Lisowski A. E.
Published: September 2016

Aims

The interest in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for medial osteoarthritis has increased rapidly but the long-term follow-up of the Oxford UKAs has yet to be analysed in non-designer centres. We have examined our ten- to 15-year clinical and radiological follow-up data for the Oxford Phase III UKAs.

Patients and Methods

Between January 1999 and January 2005 a total of 138 consecutive Oxford Phase III arthroplasties were performed by a single surgeon in 129 patients for medial compartment osteoarthritis (71 right and 67 left knees, mean age 72.0 years (47 to 91), mean body mass index 28.2 (20.7 to 52.2)). Both clinical data and radiographs were prospectively recorded and obtained at intervals. Of the 129 patients, 32 patients (32 knees) died, ten patients (12 knees) were not able to take part in the final clinical and radiological assessment due to physical and mental conditions, but via telephone interview it was confirmed that none of these ten patients (12 knees) had a revision of the knee arthroplasty. One patient (two knees) was lost to follow-up.

Results

The mean follow-up was 11.7 years (10 to 15). A total of 11 knees (8%) were revised. The survival at 15 years with revision for any reason as the endpoint was 90.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 85.2 to 96.0) and revision related to the prosthesis was 99.3% (95% CI 97.9 to 100). The mean total Knee Society Score was 47 (0 to 80) pre-operatively and 81 (30 to 100) at latest follow-up. The mean Oxford Knee Score was 19 (12 to 40) pre-operatively and 42 (28 to 55) at final follow-up. Radiolucency beneath the tibial component occurred in 22 of 81 prostheses (27.2%) without evidence of loosening.

Conclusion

This study supports the use of UKA in medial compartment osteoarthritis with excellent long-term functional and radiological outcomes with an excellent 15-year survival rate. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):41–7.
Gait comparison of unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasties with healthy controls
Authors: Jones G. G. , Kotti M. , Wiik A. V. , Collins R. , Brevadt M. J. , Strachan R. K. , Cobb J. P.
Published: September 2016

Aims

To compare the gait of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients with healthy controls, using a machine-learning approach.

Patients and Methods

145 participants (121 healthy controls, 12 patients with cruciate-retaining TKA, and 12 with mobile-bearing medial UKA) were recruited. The TKA and UKA patients were a minimum of 12 months post-operative, and matched for pattern and severity of arthrosis, age, and body mass index. Participants walked on an instrumented treadmill until their maximum walking speed was reached. Temporospatial gait parameters, and vertical ground reaction force data, were captured at each speed. Oxford knee scores (OKS) were also collected. An ensemble of trees algorithm was used to analyse the data: 27 gait variables were used to train classification trees for each speed, with a binary output prediction of whether these variables were derived from a UKA or TKA patient. Healthy control gait data was then tested by the decision trees at each speed and a final classification (UKA or TKA) reached for each subject in a majority voting manner over all gait cycles and speeds. Top walking speed was also recorded.

Results

92% of the healthy controls were classified by the decision tree as a UKA, 5% as a TKA, and 3% were unclassified. There was no significant difference in OKS between the UKA and TKA patients (p = 0.077). Top walking speed in TKA patients (1.6 m/s; 1.3 to 2.1) was significantly lower than that of both the UKA group (2.2 m/s; 1.8 to 2.7) and healthy controls (2.2 m/s; 1.5 to 2.7; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

UKA results in a more physiological gait compared with TKA, and a higher top walking speed. This difference in function was not detected by the OKS. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):16–21.
Colour–taste correspondences: Designing food experiences to meet expectations or to surprise
Authors: Velasco Carlos , Michel Charles , Youssef Jozef , Gamez Xavier , Cheok Adrian David , Spence Charles
Published: September 2016

Recent research demonstrates the existence of a number of surprising associations (otherwise known as crossmodal correspondences) between seemingly non-related features in different sensory modalities, such as between basic tastes and colours. These correspondences have been incorporated into a dish called ‘The Four Tastes’ by chef Jozef Youssef. The dish is presented with four separate elements, each having a distinctive colour. Diners are instructed to match the colour to the appropriate taste (bitter, sweet, salty and sour). After establishing the association, the modernist chef, molecular mixologist, food designer or culinary artist can then either choose to design tasting experiences that align with these crossmodal correspondences or else play against them (to create incongruency and surprise). The former strategy typically leads to increased liking, possibly as a result of the diner being able to process the sensory information more fluently. The latter, by contrast, can elicit disconfirmed expectations, which can result in positive or negative experiences. While surprise is something that a growing number of diners are coming to expect when they visit a modernist restaurant, it tends to be a much harder approach to implement successfully in other contexts. Here, we present the literature on colour/taste correspondences, and discuss the implications of crossmodal (in)congruence in food design.
Severe Cryptogenic Multifocal Ulcerous Stenosing Enteritis. A Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kohoutová Darina , Bureš Jan , Tyčová Věra , Bártová Jolana , Tachecí Ilja , Rejchrt Stanislav , Vacek Zdeněk , Repák Rudolf , Kopáčová Marcela
Published: September 2016

Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) is a rare condition characterised by chronic or relapsing moderate ileous episodes resulting from multiple small intestinal strictures, multiple shallow ulcers of the small bowel and favourable therapeutical effect of glucocorticosteroids. The aim of this paper was to evaluate three cases of CMUSE diagnosed within 10 years at a tertiary gastroenterology centre. Three females (35, 50, 60 years) were presented with colicky pain, repeated moderate ileous episodes and weight loss. Multiple fibrous strictures and ulcers of the small bowel were found. All three patients responded to glucocorticosteroid treatment. Tandem tight jejunal stenoses were dilated endoscopically by means of double balloon enteroscopy. In conclusion, CMUSE should always be considered when chronic moderate ileous episodes and multiple small intestinal strictures and ulcers of uncertain aetiology are found. Double balloon enteroscopy enables precise diagnostic work, possible endoscopic treatment of stenoses, may obviate the need for surgery and prevent excessive small bowel resections.
A Case of an Unilateral Tonsillar Hypertrophy Caused by Actinomycosis
Authors: Rašić Dejan , Perić Aleksandar , Vukomanović-Durdević Biserka
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this report was to present an unusual case of an unilateral tonsillar hypertophy caused by actinomycosis. It is an infrequent bacterial infection nowadays. Only five such cases have been reported up to now. Diagnosis is difficult, because there are not specific diagnostic procedures. Medical treatment consists of surgical excision of tonsils and postoperative antibiotic therapy.
Higher education teachers’ attitudes towards English medium instruction: A three-country comparison
Authors: Dearden Julie , Macaro Ernesto
Published: September 2016

We report on a small scale study carried out in Austria, Italy and Poland which investigated the attitudes of university teachers engaged in teaching their academic subject through the medium of English. The data consisted of 25 teacher interviews. We focused on the topics of internationalisation of universities, on policy and resourcing, and on the levels of English proficiency (theirs and those of their students) needed for effective English medium instruction (EMI). We also observed whether there were differences among the respondents from the three countries and attempted to relate any differences to the linguistic, educational and political context of each. Our findings suggest that whilst very similar concerns are in the minds of the teachers regardless of the country they were teaching in, some interesting variability in attitudes, relating to language and to history, could be detected. To our knowledge, this is the first study on EMI that compares teacher attitudes in three countries, hence its exploratory nature. Our findings would suggest that further research of such comparative kind might provide insights into how the phenomenon of EMI is being introduced and accepted across the world.
Re-telling a story in a second language: How well do adult learners mine an input text for multiword expressions?
Authors: Hoang Hien , Boers Frank
Published: September 2016

Adult second language (L2) learners have often been found to produce discourse that manifests limited and non-native-like use of multiword expressions. One explanation for this is that adult L2 learners are relatively unsuccessful (in the absence of pedagogic intervention) at transferring multiword expressions from input texts to their own output resources. The present article reports an exploratory study where ESL learners were asked to re-tell a short story which they had read and listened to twice. The learners’ re-tells were subsequently examined for the extent to which they recycled multiword expressions from the original story. To gauge the influence of the input text on these learners’ renderings of the story, a control group was asked to tell the story based exclusively on a series of pictures. The results of the experiment suggest that multiword expressions were recycled from the input text to some extent, but this stayed very marginal in real terms, especially in comparison with the recycling of single words. Moreover, when learners did borrow expressions from the input text, their reproductions were often non-target-like.
Analysis, Adaptive Control and Synchronization of a Novel 4-D Hyperchaotic Hyperjerk System via Backstepping Control Method
Authors: Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian
Published: September 2016

A hyperjerk system is a dynamical system, which is modelled by annth order ordinary differential equation withn≥ 4 describing the time evolution of a single scalar variable. Equivalently, using a chain of integrators, a hyperjerk system can be modelled as a system ofnfirst order ordinary differential equations withn≥ 4. In this research work, a 4-D novel hyperchaotic hyperjerk system with two nonlinearities has been proposed, and its qualitative properties have been detailed. The novel hyperjerk system has a unique equilibrium at the origin, which is a saddle-focus and unstable. The Lyapunov exponents of the novel hyperjerk system are obtained asL1= 0.14219,L2= 0.04605,L3= 0 andL4= −1.39267. The Kaplan-Yorke dimension of the novel hyperjerk system is obtained asDKY= 3.1348. Next, an adaptive controller is designed via backstepping control method to stabilize the novel hyperjerk chaotic system with three unknown parameters. Moreover, an adaptive controller is designed via backstepping control method to achieve global synchronization of the identical novel hyperjerk systems with three unknown parameters. MATLAB simulations are shown to illustrate all the main results derived in this research work on a novel hyperjerk system.
Membership Functions for Fuzzy Focal Elements
Authors: Porębski Sebastian , Straszecka Ewa
Published: September 2016

The paper presents a study on data-driven diagnostic rules, which are easy to interpret by human experts. To this end, the Dempster-Shafer theory extended for fuzzy focal elements is used. Premises of the rules (fuzzy focal elements) are provided by membership functions which shapes are changing according to input symptoms. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate common membership function shapes and to introduce a rule elimination algorithm. Proposed methods are first illustrated with the popular Iris data set. Next experiments with five medical benchmark databases are performed. Results of the experiments show that various membership function shapes provide different inference efficiency but the extracted rule sets are close to each other. Thus indications for determining rules with possible heuristic interpretation can be formulated.
Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 on Intestinal Bacterial Enzyme Activities in the Prevention of Cancer, Atherosclerosis and Dysbiosis
Authors: Hijová Emília , Kuzma Jozef , Strojný Ladislav , Bomba Alojz , Bertková Izabela , Chmelárová Anna , Hertelyová Zdena , Kuliková Lucia , Štofilová Jana , Ambro Ľuboš
Published: September 2016

The effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 on intestinal bacterial enzyme activities – β-glucuronidase (β-GLUCUR), β-galactosidase (β-GAL), and β-glucosidase (β-GLU) in the prevention of cancer, atherosclerosis and dysbiosis was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 12 experimental groups: C (control group), AT (atherosclerotic group), CC (carcinogenic group), and then each group in combination with antibiotics and probiotics individually and each group in double combination on antibiotic and probiotic. In the control group the β-glucuronidase activity did not change throughout the experiment. High fat diet in the atherosclerotic group significantly increased the activity of β-glucuronidase (p<0.001) and β-glucosidase (p<0.01). Azoxymethane application in the carcinogenic group significantly increased β-glucuronidase (p<0.01), but reduced β-glucosidase (p<0.01). Daily application of probiotics individually and in double combination with antibiotics increased the activity of β-galactosidase, and β-glucosidase, and positively decreased the level of β-glucuronidase. In the control antibiotic group β-glucuronidase was significantly increased (p<0.05), and β-glucosidase decreased (p<0.01) which can be caused by a change of microflora in favor of coliform bacteria. These finding indicate the positive effects of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 which allows its use in disease prevention in human and veterinary medicine.
Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)
Authors: Marinković Darko , Özvegy Jòzsef , Aničić Milan , Vučićević Ivana , Nešić Slađan , Kukolj Vladimir
Published: September 2016

Gastric dilatation and volvulus is a life-threatening condition characterized by rapid accumulation of food and gases that cause displacement and distension of the stomach. The large and giant, deep-chested breeds of dogs are at higher risk for developing the gastric dilatation and volvulus. Uncommonly, it can also develop in cats, but it is also described in free-range polar bears.

A case of gastric dilatation and volvulus in a brown bear(Ursus arctos)is described in this paper. This case was characterized by lack of any previous symptoms, sudden death, as well as macroscopic findings during necropsy - twisted distended stomach, congested displaced spleen and necrotic gastric wall. According to the available data this is the first described case report of the gastric dilatation and volvulus in brown bear(Ursus arctos).
Recursive set membership estimation for output–error fractional models with unknown–but–bounded errors
Authors: Amairi Messaoud
Published: September 2016

This paper presents a new formulation for set-membership parameter estimation of fractional systems. In such a context, the error between the measured data and the output model is supposed to be unknown but bounded with a priori known bounds. The bounded error is specified over measurement noise, rather than over an equation error, which is mainly motivated by experimental considerations. The proposed approach is based on the optimal bounding ellipsoid algorithm for linear output-error fractional models. A numerical example is presented to show effectiveness and discuss results.
A new approach to nonlinear modelling of dynamic systems based on fuzzy rules
Authors: Bartczuk Łukasz , Przybył Andrzej , Cpałka Krzysztof
Published: September 2016

For many practical weakly nonlinear systems we have their approximated linear model. Its parameters are known or can be determined by one of typical identification procedures. The model obtained using these methods well describes the main features of the system’s dynamics. However, usually it has a low accuracy, which can be a result of the omission of many secondary phenomena in its description. In this paper we propose a new approach to the modelling of weakly nonlinear dynamic systems. In this approach we assume that the model of the weakly nonlinear system is composed of two parts: a linear term and a separate nonlinear correction term. The elements of the correction term are described by fuzzy rules which are designed in such a way as to minimize the inaccuracy resulting from the use of an approximate linear model. This gives us very rich possibilities for exploring and interpreting the operation of the modelled system. An important advantage of the proposed approach is a set of new interpretability criteria of the knowledge represented by fuzzy rules. Taking them into account in the process of automatic model selection allows us to reach a compromise between the accuracy of modelling and the readability of fuzzy rules.
A scheme of resource allocation and stability for peer–to–peer file–sharing networks
Authors: Li Shiyong , Sun Wei , E Cheng-Guo , Shi Lina
Published: September 2016

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks offer a cost-effective and easily deployable framework for sharing content. However, P2P file-sharing applications face a fundamental problem of unfairness. Pricing is regarded as an effective way to provide incentives to peers to cooperate. In this paper we propose a pricing scheme to achieve reasonable resource allocation in P2P file-sharing networks, and give an interpretation for the utility maximization problem and its sub-problems from an economic point of view. We also deduce the exact expression of optimal resource allocation for each peer, and confirm it with both simulation and optimization software. In order to realize the optimum in a decentralized architecture, we present a novel price-based algorithm and discuss its stability based on Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm can attain an optimum within reasonable convergence times.
The limit of inconsistency reduction in pairwise comparisons
Authors: Koczkodaj Waldemar W. , Szybowski Jacek
Published: September 2016

This study provides a proof that the limit of a distance-based inconsistency reduction process is a matrix induced by the vector of geometric means of rows when a distance-based inconsistent pairwise comparisons matrix is transformed into a consistent PC matrix by stepwise inconsistency reduction in triads. The distance-based inconsistency indicator was defined by Koczkodaj (1993) for pairwise comparisons. Its convergence was analyzed in 1996 (regretfully, with an incomplete proof) and finally completed in 2010. However, there was no interpretation provided for the limit of convergence despite its considerable importance. This study also demonstrates that the vector of geometric means and the right principal eigenvector are linearly independent for the pairwise comparisons matrix size greater than three, although both vectors are identical (when normalized) for a consistent PC matrix of any size.
A Weakly Penalized Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Radiation in Dense, Scattering Media
Authors: Kanschat Guido , Lucero Lorca José Pablo
Published: September 2016

We review the derivation of weakly penalized discontinuous Galerkin
methods for scattering dominated radiation transport and extend the
asymptotic analysis to non-isotropic scattering. We focus on
the influence of the penalty parameter on the edges and derive
a new penalty for interior edges and boundary fluxes. We study how the choice of the penalty parameters influences discretization accuracy and solver
speed.
Heavy Metals in Suburban Ecosystems of Industrial Centres and Ways of their Reduction
Authors: Onistratenko Nikolay Vladimirovich , Ivantsova Elena Anatolievna , Denysov Andrey Alexandrovich , Solodovnikov Denys Anatolyevich
Published: September 2016

Technogenic contamination of ecosystems is one of the main dangers of our time. In order to reduce the harmful effects of this contamination and to provide cost-effective and environmentally safe food production methods, we are forced to look for ways of reliable analysis of the environmental situation, the selection systems of animal husbandry and regulations for the degree of impact of pollutants on the elements of the agroecosystem. This article presents the results of studies aimed at assessing the plight of the environment of a large industrial centre, and its anthropogenic impacts on every element of the suburban ecosystems. It presents data on maintenance and migration of anthropogenous pollutants in the trophic chains of pasturable ecosystems of the suburb of Volgograd. The authors have listed the industrial enterprises as the key sources of pollution. The features of the distribution of xenobiotics in the tissues and organs of calves and heifers of different breeds were analysed in the study. Conclusions were drawn on the accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in cattle, and the impact of this factor on the quality of production. A comparative assessment of the resistance of different breeds of cows to the action of toxicants in the environment of the Lower Volga region was carried out. Ways to decrease the impact of pollutants on the cattle organism have also been suggested. The article pays attention to the environmental pollution of the industrial centre, the influence of these processes on all elements of an ecosystem including humans, and offers ways to minimize the damage.
Environmental Aspects of Transport in the Context of Development of Inland Navigation
Authors: Galieriková Andrea , Sosedová Jarmila
Published: September 2016

Transport has an immense impact on the environment. The largest share of environmental pollution is caused by road transport. The atmosphere is threatened by fuel combustion of engines of road vehicles, thereby leading to the global warming of Earth. In addition to having an adverse impact on the environment, such as greenhouse gas emissions and carbon dioxide emissions, road transport also leads to external effects such as noise pollution, vibration, congestion and traffic accidents. The volume of transport in the world, notably on the roads, is increasing day by day. We should take the necessary steps to move to more environmentally-friendly modes of transportation, such as rail and inland navigation. Rail transportation is currently the largest competitor of road transport. If the waterways infrastructure is improved, there would be a decrease in the traffic flow of motorways and thus, we can move to a more environmentally-friendly transportation.
Development of Regional TSS Algorithm over Penang using Modis Terra (250 M) Surface Reflectance Product
Authors: Amin Abd Rahman Mat , Abdullah Khiruddin , Lim Hwee San , Embong Muhd Fauzi , Ahmad Fadhli , Yaacob Rosnan
Published: September 2016

Total suspended sediment (TSS) plays a significant role in the environment. Many researchers show that TSS has a high correlation with the red portion of the visible light spectrum. The correlation is highly dependent on geography of the study area. The aim of this study was to develop specific algorithms utilizing corrected MODIS Terra 250-m surface reflectance (Rrs) product (MOD09) to map TSS over the Penang coastal area. Field measurements of TSS were performed during two cruise trips that were conducted on 8 December 2008 and 29 January 2010 over the Penang coastal area. The relationship between TSS and the surface reflectance of MOD09 was analysed using regression analysis. The developed algorithm showed that Rrs are highly correlated with the in-situ TSS with R2 is 0.838. The result shows that the Rrs product could be used to estimate TSS over the Penang area.
Model of Axiological Dimension Risk Management
Authors: Kulińska Ewa
Published: September 2016

It was on the basis of the obtained results that identify the key prerequisites for the integration of the management of logistics processes, management of the value creation process, and risk management that the methodological basis for the construction of the axiological dimension of the risk management (ADRM) model of logistics processes was determined. By taking into account the contribution of individual concepts to the new research area, its essence was defined as an integrated, structured instrumentation aimed at the identification and implementation of logistics processes supporting creation of the value added as well as the identification and elimination of risk factors disturbing the process of the value creation for internal and external customers. The base for the ADRM concept of logistics processes is the use of the potential being inherent in synergistic effects which are obtained by using prerequisites for the integration of the management of logistics processes, of value creation and risk management as the key determinants of the value creation.
International Market Orientation and International Outcomes
Authors: Escandón-Barbosa Diana , Hernandez-Espallardo Miguel , Rodriguez Augusto
Published: September 2016

The literature in the field of internationalization has managed to link other areas of knowledge such as marketing to give an explanation to the establishment of strategies to survive in international markets. In this sense, the concept of international market orientation emerges that manages to explain how businesses design a strategy to improve the satisfaction of customer needs in international contexts. The purpose of this article is finding the factors that influence the relationship between the international market orientation and international results. In turn, the directors of export SME´s should be aware that entering international markets prematurely and achieving a significant percentage by volume of international sales does not necessarily guarantee better international performance. They should search for other types of resources or capabilities that permit better possibilities of obtaining competitive advantage in the long-term, such as the adoption of an international market orientation, which makes it possible to evaluate and analyze the internal and external factors present in a company’s internal dynamics. To achieve this objective is taken as the unit of analysis Colombian exporters companies through a sample of 319 surveys and that are processed in a hierarchical regression analysis. The main findings confirm that adopt a strategy of international orientation relative to other strategies such as innovative and entrepreneurial orientation does have positive effects on the internationalization of companies. However, this strategy has a tendency to saturation and therefore can generate negative effects on the international results.
The Influence of Dwell Time on Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Ni-base Superalloy IC10
Authors: Wang Anqiang , Liu Lu , Wen Zhixun , Li Zhenwei , Yue Zhufeng
Published: September 2016

Low cycle fatigue and creep-fatigue experiments of IC10 Ni-base superalloy plate specimens with multiple holes were performed below 1,000 °C. The average fatigue life is 105.4 cycles, while the creep-fatigue life is 103.4 cycles, which shows that the life of creep-fatigue is reduced 1–2 times compared with low cycle fatigue life. After tests, the detailed fracture and microscopic structure evolution were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); meanwhile, the constitutive model based on crystal plasticity theory was established and the fracture mechanism was analyzed. Three conclusions have been obtained: First, the load during dwell time leads to the damage accumulation caused by deformation and the interaction of fatigue and creep shortens the service life of materials seriously. Second, in order to maintain the macroscopic deformation, a new slip plane starts to makes the dislocation slide in reverse direction, which leads to fatigue damage and initial cracks. Third, the inner free surface creates opportunities for escape of the dislocation line, which is caused by the cavity. What’s more, the cure dislocation generated by cyclic loading contributes to the formation and growth of cavities.
Influence of Secondary Cooling Mode on Solidification Structure and Macro-segregation Behavior for High-carbon Continuous Casting Bloom
Authors: Dou Kun , Yang Zhenguo , Liu Qing , Huang Yunhua , Dong Hongbiao
Published: September 2016

A cellular automaton–finite element coupling model for high-carbon continuously cast bloom of GCr15 steel is established to simulate the solidification structure and to investigate the influence of different secondary cooling modes on characteristic parameters such as equiaxed crystal ratio, grain size and secondary dendrite arm spacing, in which the effect of phase transformation and electromagnetic stirring is taken into consideration. On this basis, evolution of carbon macro-segregation for GCr15 steel bloom is researched correspondingly via industrial tests. Based on above analysis, the relationship among secondary cooling modes, characteristic parameters for solidification structure as well as carbon macro-segregation is illustrated to obtain optimum secondary cooling strategy and alleviate carbon macro-segregation degree for GCr15 steel bloom in continuous casting process. The evaluating method for element macro-segregation is applicable in various steel types.
Prime, weakly prime and almost prime elements in multiplication lattice modules
Authors: Ugurlu Emel Aslankarayigit , Callialp Fethi , Tekir Unsal
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we study multiplication lattice modules. We establish a new multiplication over elements of a multiplication lattice module.With this multiplication, we characterize idempotent element, prime element, weakly prime element and almost prime element in multiplication lattice modules.
Prenatal Diagnosis of TAPVC on Monday, Delivery of Tuesday and Cardiac Surgery at Wednesday - A Model of Perinatal Care in 3rd Trimester in Case of Fetal/Neonatal Critical Heart Defect in Tertiary Center.
Authors: Respondek-Liberska Maria , Sokołowski Łukasz , Słodki Maciej , Zych-Krekora Katarzyna , Strzelecka Iwona , Krekora Michał , Maroszyńska Iwona , Moll Jadwiga , Moll Jacek
Published: September 2016

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a congenital heart defect (CHD), in which all pulmonary veins connect to the systemic veins or to the right atrium/coronary sinus instead of the left atrium. We present a case report of fetus with prenatally diagnosed isolated infracardiac type of TAPVC in 38th week of gestation. In fetal echocardiographic examination performed in the Department of Prenatal Cardiology, the fetus presented lack of visible pulmonary veins connection to left atrium, abnormal venous confluence behind left atrium, additional vein leading from abdominal cavity to mediastinum and abnormal smooth Doppler blood flow in pulmonary confluence. The accurate prenatal diagnosis allowed to deliver the neonate at term, in tertiary center one day after diagnosis, and to perform surgical reposition of pulmonary veins the following day. The neonate was referred home in a good condition after 28 days of hospitalization. This case is a good example of the value of the 3rd trimester echocardiography.
Energy Conservation in Photoreductions by Photosystem II. Reversal of Dibromothymoquinone Inhibition of Hill-Reactions by Phenylenediamines
Authors: Trebst Achim , Reimer Susanne
Published: September 2016

The plastoquinone antagonist dibromothymoquinone interrupts the photosynthetic electron transport chain between photosystem II and I by inhibiting the oxidation of plastohydroquinone by photosystem I. The effect of phenylenediamines on NADP and ferricyanide photoreduction inhibited by dibromothymoquinone is studied in isolated chloroplasts. IV-substituted phenylene­ diamines fully restore NADPH and ATP formation as well as oxygen evolution in DBMIB inhibited NADP reduction, but are practically inactive in stimulating ferricyanide reduction by photo­ system II. On the other hand phenylenediamine and C-substituted phenylenediamines are only weakly active in restoring NADP reduction but are very active in stimulating ferricyanide reduc­ tion. The P/e2 ratio in restoration of NADP reduction by phenylenediamines is close to 1, whereas the P/e2 ratio in ferricyanide reduction is about 0.4 (the ratio is dependent on the DBMIB con­ centration). The reversal of the DBMIB inhibition in NADP reduction by phenylenediamines is attributed to a bypass of the inhibition site: Reduced phenylenediamines are electron donors for photosystem I after and oxidized phenylenediamines are electron acceptors for photosystem II be­ fore the DBMIB inhibition site. To explain the different rates and P/e2 ratios in the various systems it is assumed that all phenylenediamines are reduced at the expense of water oxidation by photo­ system II but via plastoquinone and on the inside of the membrane. Therefore two energy con­ serving steps (i. e. two proton releasing sites on the inside of the membrane) are involved, N-sub­ stituted phenylenediamines like TMPD reduced by photosystem II inside remain inside the mem­ brane and are reoxidized inside by photosystem I. This way they connect photosystem II bade onto photosystem I, electron transport rates are high and the P/e2 ratio is one in the restored NADP photoreduction. Phenylenediamine and C-substituted phenylenediamines on the other hand travel back to the outside through the membrane, and by doing so carry some of the protons released on the inside of the membrane by the energy conserving steps back to the outside. This way they are very active in stimulating the rate of ferricyanide photoreduction but the P/e2 ratio is only about 0.4. These phenylenediamines being removed from the inside are less active in restoring the rate of NADP reduction
Potato Proteins: Genetic and Physiological Changes, Evaluated by One-and Two-dimensional PAA-Gel-techniques
Authors: Stegemann H , Francksen H , Macko V
Published: September 2016

The proteins of mature potato tubers can be used for variety identification. Their pattern after electrophoresis or focusing are genetically determined. Various growth regulators applied during the season had no influence. Molecular weights of the protein subunits are uniform and decrease with age of the tuber, often due to depolymerization. Some subunits are linked by S -S-bridges. A proteid characteristic for immature tubers has been discovered. Part of the diversity in charge distribution is based on different degree of amidation; treatment at pH 10 changes the variety-dependent pattern to a picture similar in all varieties. The latter is also true for proteins from immature tubers. Focusing followed by SDS-incubation (with and without ME) and SDS-gelelectro-phoresis revealed that the main proteins which were different in charge had common MW and may derive from a parent protein.

The tuber proteins and especially some of the peroxidases are quite resistant to SDS-attack. Only prolonged incubation (50 °C, 40 hours) with SDS brings about digestibility. A borate buffer, pH 7.9 has been used, making possible the electrophoresis of undiluted, unfractionated sap or other crude mixtures of proteins. Some new versions of two-dimensional techniques with PAA as a carrier are applied in order to differentiate between charge, shift of charge, and MW
Early and Late Subjective Night Phases of the Drosophila pseudoobscura Circadian Rhythm Require Different Energies of Blue Light for Phase Shifting
Authors: Chandrashekaran Maroli K. , Olfgang Engelmann W
Published: September 2016

Two phase points (18 C.T. and 19 C.T.) in the subjective night of the Drosophila pseudoobscura circadian rhythm of eclosion, representing the end of the first half of the night and the beginning of the second half respectively, were exposed to blue (442 nm) light pulses of varying energies. The 18 C.T. phase was less sensitive relative to the 19 C.T. phase which is nearly 10-times as sensitive. This difference is not a feature restricted to the two phase points studied since similar differences could be traced to rhythm attenuating stimuli offered slightly earlier or later than the subjective midnight. It is suggested that the differences in sensitivity to light displayed by the two halves of the night are inherent to the oscillator driving the rhythm
Effect of Potassium Nitrate on Photoreactivation of Escherichia coli Cells
Authors: Balgavy Pavel
Published: September 2016

The increase of survival of ultraviolet irradiated Escherichia coli cells, due to the splitting of thymine dimers to monomers by photoreactivation, is inhibited by potassium nitrate. The possible mechanisms of the inhibition are discussed
Vergleichende Untersuchung der Proteine von Mikroorganismen mit der isoelektrischen Fokussierung in Polyacrylamidgelen On the Electrophoretical Differentiation and Classification of Proteins, I Comparative Investigation of the Proteins of Microorganisms by Means of the Isoelectrical Focusing in Polyacrylamid Gels
Authors: Drawert F , Görg A , Bednář J
Published: September 2016

By means of isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamid gels cell proteins of botton - respectively topfermenting yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Pseudomonas ovalis and Achromobacter alcali-genes were separated into over 30 peaks with a good reproducibility. The distribution pattern of the proteins is a base for a classification
Hospital Admission and Emergency Department Utilization in an Infant Medicaid Population
Authors: Paul David A. , Agiro Abiy , Hoffman Matthew , Denemark Cynthia , Brazen Anthony , Pollack Michael , Boehmer Christiana , Ehrenthal Deborah
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

In the first year of life, the rate of rehospitalization for infants has been shown to be between 4.4% and 9.5%. Reducing avoidable health care utilization is a population health priority. The goal of this study was to identify maternal and infant factors associated with rehospitalization and emergency department (ED) utilization in a cohort of newborn Medicaid recipients.

METHODS:

A longitudinal database was created by linking mother–infant dyads giving birth at a regional perinatal referral center with Delaware state Medicaid data. Multivariable logistic regression and negative binomial regression were used to examine inpatient hospitalization and ED utilization within 6 months after birth.

RESULTS:

The study cohort included 4112 infants; 452 (11.0%) were rehospitalized, and 1680 (41%) used the ED within 6 months of birth. Variables independently associated with inpatient rehospitalization included NICU admission (odds ratio [OR]: 1.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3–2.3]), maternal bipolar diagnosis (OR: 1.5 [95% CI: 1.1–2.2]), count of maternal prenatal hospital admissions (OR: 1.3 [95% CI: 1.1–1.5]), and count of maternal ED visits (OR: 1.08 [95% CI: 1.04–1.1]). Black race (incident rate ratio [IRR]: 1.2 [95% CI: 1.1–1.3]), fall birth (IRR: 1.2 [95% CI: 1.01–1.3]), count of maternal ED visits (IRR: 1.1 [95% CI: 1.09–1.12]), number of maternal medications (IRR: 1.02 [95% CI: 1.01–1.03]), and maternal age (IRR: 0.97 [95% CI: 0.96–0.98]) were associated with ED utilization.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this newborn Medicaid population, multiple maternal factors (including age, race, and mental health diagnoses) were associated with health care utilization in the 6 months after initial hospital discharge. Our data provide potential risk factors for targeted intervention and suggest that maternal factors should be considered in identifying a population at risk for rehospitalization and ED utilization.
Complex Fetal Care: Importance of Fetal Arrhythmias to the Neonatologist and Pediatrician
Authors: Wacker-Gussmann Annette , Wakai Ronald T. , Strasburger Janette F.
Published: September 2016

Sudden unexplained death during the perinatal period remains a major longstanding challenge. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques and genetic testing have provided evidence that a significant fraction of these deaths may result from lethal cardiac arrhythmias. In this article, we review current methods of diagnosing arrhythmia in the fetus and strategies for managing life-threatening arrhythmia throughout the perinatal period, including transitional care at the time of delivery.
Hypotension in Neonates
Authors: Sahni Mitali , Jain Sunil
Published: September 2016

Hypotension is frequently encountered in preterm infants. However, there is no standard definition for hypotension and the therapies for treating hypotension in neonates vary greatly, based on individual preferences. This article focuses on the pathophysiology of hypotension in preterm neonates, the role of the transition from fetal to perinatal circulation on neonatal blood pressure, the mechanisms of action of agents used in the treatment of hypotension, and the specific indications for the use of such agents.
Longitudinal Growth and Neuropsychological Functioning at Age 7 in Moderate and Late Preterms
Authors: Dotinga Baukje M. , Eshuis Milou S. , Bocca-Tjeertes Inger F. , Kerstjens Jorien M. , Van Braeckel Koenraad N.J.A. , Reijneveld Sijmen A. , Bos Arend F.
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the association between longitudinal growth measures (height, weight, head circumference, and extent of catch-up growth) and neuropsychological functioning at 7 years in moderately and late preterm children.

METHODS:

This study was part of a prospective, community-based cohort study. Data on growth were obtained from records on routine assessments in well-child centers until age 4 years and in a research setting at 7 years. Neuropsychological functioning was assessed at age 7 years. We assessed associations of growth with neuropsychological functioning and determined odds ratios for impaired neuropsychological functioning. All analyses were corrected for maternal education.

RESULTS:

We included 234 children. Median gestational age was 34 weeks (P25–75: 33–35 weeks), and mean birth weight was 2.2 kg (± 0.5 kg). Short stature at all ages was associated with poorer motor, IQ, and attention scores and led to increased risks of impaired motor skills and low IQ. Lower weight at 1 and 4 years was associated with poorer IQ scores. Increased weight gain between age 4 and 7 years was, however, associated with poorer motor, IQ, and attention scores. Decreased head circumference gain in the first year of life was associated with poorer motor and attention scores and led to an increased risk of impaired motor and attention skills.

CONCLUSIONS:

In moderately and late preterm children, poorer growth in the first 7 years is associated with poorer neuropsychological functioning. Regarding height, short stature was also associated with a higher likelihood of clinically relevant impaired neuropsychological functioning.