bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE PHENOMENON «TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY»: CONCEPTS AND FEATURES
Authors: Sakhno Tetiana
Published: June 2021

European integration processes and their intensity have given the impetus to the decentralization of power in Ukraine, which are considered to be one of the most successful reforms at the present stage of the country development.
The redistribution of power and resources between the state and local governments involves systemic tools usage in regulating the socio-economic space and achieving macroeconomic stability of territories and the state in general. European models and modern approaches to municipal governance, the development of local democracy were the basis for changes in the territorial organization of power. In the system of local self-government of Ukraine, the key-place belongs to territorial communities that are the subjects of public authority, the primary bearers of functions and powers at the local level. The territorial community is a powerful lever in stimulating the economic activity of the territory through strategic planning of domestic development aimed to improve the economy, living standards and welfare of citizens, meeting the interests, needs, rights and freedoms of man.
Strengthening the role of the territorial community, as a guarantor in ensuring the organization of its own life, requires theoretical understanding and study of the essence of this concept as a socio-economic the phenomenon of local government.
The article considers the characteristic features of territorial communities in the general theoretical and methodological aspect. A review of scientific approaches to defining the concept of "territorial community" by foreign and Ukrainian researchers through the local government prism, which is relevant at the present stage of socio-economic growth, was conducted. Theoretical aspects of this phenomenon essence in the process of theory and approach development by highlighting the community characteristics are pointed out. A systematic analysis of theoretical discussions of classification features and scientific approaches is conducted. The peculiarities of the concept of "territorial community" as a political, social and economic phenomenon of local self-government are investigated. Based on various foreign and domestic researches on this question, the own conceptual approach on definite characteristic criteria is formed.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF PUBLIC FINANCE IN UKRAINE
Authors: Matviienko Halyna
Published: June 2021

The difficult political and economic situation in Ukraine presupposes an immediate solution to the issue of increasing the efficiency of the formation and distribution of public finances and their transparency. Digital technologies have great potential for improving public financial management, and will significantly change traditional fiscal policy instruments over time. The digital economy has been identified as one of the main directions of development of the Ukrainian economy for the next decade. Theoretical issues of digital transformation of public finances of Ukraine are investigated. If technology is used wisely, fiscal policy will be more efficient, transparent, fair, which will have a positive impact on the standard of living and economic development of Ukraine. The potential benefits are huge, so the government will have access to better data and more efficiently and transparently form and allocate financial resources. The necessity of digitalization at the present stage taking into account global processes. The recommendations of international financial organizations on digitalization of public finances and features of their application in the Ukrainian realities are covered. The main direct and indirect beneficiaries are identified and the positive effects of digital transformation of public finances are identified. The main ones are: increase in tax revenues; better forecasting and budgeting; fair distribution of social benefits. The financing of the digital transformation of public finances in Ukraine, which is mostly due to international technical assistance, is analyzed. The current state of digitalization of public finances and the main platforms of open data are studied, the potential of development is estimated. The main challenges of implementing the digital transformation in public finances are highlighted: cybersecurity, loss of personal data, unauthorized change of data in registers; untimely data update, impossibility of compilation, data formatting, existence of several platforms of the same type; blocking the disclosure of data by individual participants, hiding data; system failures; lack of qualified personnel to develop and configure the system; ethical issues of data disclosure; increasing competition and the quality of the IT services market in Ukraine; standardization of quality of digital services. Thus, increasing trust in the government and effective interaction between the population, business and the state, reducing corruption - all this is possible due to the digitalization of Ukraine's economy, which must first begin from public finances.
FUZZY MODELS OF ANTAGONISTIC GAMES
Authors: Pryimak Vasyl , Holubnyk Olga
Published: June 2021

The article is a continuation of a series of works on modeling situations in competitive markets at both micro and macro levels and the development of approaches to finding solutions to the obtained models. The paper proposes a method for solving a certain class of game-theoretic models under conditions of uncertainty.
It is substantiated that a significant part of the problems of economic competition can be reduced to a finite matrix game of two players with zero sum, the matrix of winnings of the first player which has a specific form. Given the high degree of uncertainty in modern domestic markets and the need to simplify the current situation in its modeling due to the impossibility of including in the developed model of all real multifaceted relationships, the article considers antagonistic games with fuzzy parameters.
It is proposed to look for the solution of the considered class of finite matrix games by reducing them to two dual optimization problems of linear programming with flexible limit constraints. The case is considered when the coefficients in the system of constraints of these models of linear programming are approximated by piecewise-linear membership functions, because they do not raise the question of linearity of the studied models.
Using certain linear transformations, the optimization models of linear programming obtained in this work are reduced to models of a special kind, the method of solving which has been developed by other scientists. The essence of this method is that according to the Bellman-Zadeh approach, the resulting fuzzy model is reduced to the decision problem described by the multi-purpose optimization model, the solution of which includes only those alternatives, in such problems are called Pareto effective.
Using this method, the fuzzy model obtained in the work is reduced to a "clear" problem of linear programming, some parameters of which are rationally determined by the person making managerial decisions, based on certain limitations obtained by solving two "clear" optimization models with known coefficients.
By finding the solution to these dual problems and calculating the mixed strategies of the two players, the person making management decisions will be able to make the right choice among a set of alternative solutions.
Going Viral: Unmasking the Spread of New Voices Through Analyzing COVID-19 Memes
Authors: Srichandramohan Laavanya
Published: June 2021

Internet memes are becoming a progressively more popular method of quick and easy communication. In this MRP project I will examine memes as a distinct method of digital communication. More specifically, my research paper will analyze the use of memes during the COVID-19 crisis of 2020, and whether memes can provide a comforting and relatable medium for dealing with public anxieties and for communicating complicated issues to large audiences. An analysis of which voices are amplified using the meme medium will also be crucial in understanding its communicative capability. I will also be analyzing which audiences most resonate with this new form of communication and how data on the popularity of memes can provide us with a better understanding of their limits and potential. Further research within this field of study is extremely relevant, and can aid in analyzing and evolving communicative practices in the foreseeable future
Barriers and Facilitators in Adopting Healthy Lifestyles in West Ethiopia: A Qualitative Research Study
Authors: Adeba Alemu , Tamiru Dessalegn , Belachew Tefera
Published: June 2021

Risks of NCDs are prevented by adopting healthy lifestyles, but it remains a matter of concern and the knowledge regarding the effect of social factors on health almost not researched in West Ethiopia. The objective of the study is to explore barriers and facilitators in adopting healthy lifestyles among urban residents of West Ethiopia. A qualitative study design was used with three diversified focus group discussion (FGD) guidance to obtain adoption and perception of 27 participants’ on healthy lifestyles. The collected audio-record and session note data’s; were transcribed, verbatim and qualitatively analyzed through a thematic approach. The following themes were identified based on social capital perception frames (bonding, bridging, and linking). Barriers theme:  negative influence from family, peer pressure and perceive towards unhealthy lifestyles &obesity, and accepted socialization by the community (bonding); inadequate awareness on NCD screening and management and insufficient support from health care workers (bridging); and hospital & community healthcare professionals related barriers, inequity in the allocation of public resources (linking). Facilitators theme: motivation to participate in physical activity (bonding); cooperative relationships with health extension workers (bridging); and fear of morbidity and mortality; access of media to an aware, healthy lifestyle (linking); were identified themes to healthy lifestyles adoption. This study revealed that urban residents of west Ethiopia adopted unhealthy lifestyles. Bonding, bridging and linking social capital would be work as barriers and facilitators to adopting healthy lifestyles. Therefore, integrating quoted findings into the chronic care system need attention.
IN VITRO EFFECT OF PHARMACEUTICAL EFFLUENT ON HAEMATOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES IN AFRICAN CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS)
Authors: Nafiu Abdullahi Shafiu , Zakariyya M. , Hassan Z. Y. , Ahmad M. K.
Published: June 2021

Pharmaceutical effluents collected from Bompai industrial area, Kano State were assessed for their physiochemical parameters, heavy metals and effect on haematology and biochemical changes in Clarias gariepinus. Laboratory analyses were performed using standard methods in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Five test solutions of the effluents (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% v/v) were prepared for LC50 96hr acute toxicity test. The LC50 for 96hr was 48.7% concentration of effluents by volume. Experimental fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.00% 2.43% (5/100 LC50), 12.17% (25/100 LC50), 24.35% (50/100 LC50) and 36.52% (75/100 LC50) for 28days.  Physicochemical parameters recorded were higher than WHO recommended Standard with the exception of water temperature. Heavy metals concentrations decreased in the order of Cr > Cu > Pd > Cd. Red blood Cells count, haemoglobin concentrations, packed cell volume, lymphocytes and monocytes of the experimental fish decline significantly (p<0.05) when exposed with 2.43, 12.17, 24.35, 36.52% effluents  compared to the control. White blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations, neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the control. However, a significant increase (P<0.05) in the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were recorded as the exposure period continued when compared with control. It is concluded that the effluents induces haematological and biochemical alterations. It is therefore recommended that regulatory bodies should adopt holistic approach on the aquatic pollution abatement, bearing in mind the negative impact to non-target organisms.
Analisis Konsistensi Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Urusan Pendidikan di Kota Solok Tahun 2016-2019
Authors: Sridarnilawati Sridarnilawati , Suhairi Suhairi , Putriana Vima Tista
Published: June 2021

The preparation of planning and budgeting documents greatly contributes to the achievement of regional performance. Consistency in planning and budgeting is an indicator in assessing the performance of local governments. The object of this research is educational affairs. Education affairs are given top priority for the local government of Kota Solok. It is intended that the budget for education affairs reaches more than 20% of the total regional expenditure budget. Types of data are secondary data and primary data. Secondary data are RPJMD, RKPD, KUA, PPAS and APBD and LAKIP while primary data is neglecting to interview members of the Regional Government Budget Team (TAPD), BAPPEDA and OPD who are responsible for Educational Affairs. Assessment of the consistency of planning and budgeting uses the Planning and Budgeting Consolidated Matrix (MKPP) and the causes of inconsistency are interviews with informants who understand and know this. The results of this research consistency of planning and budgeting for educational affairs is very good. The causes of inconsistency in planning and budgeting documents are that the proposed Special Allocation Fund (DAK) was not approved by the Central Government, the intervention of the Government and Members of the Council, the existence of regulations from the Central Government. Analysis of the achievement of the performance of education affairs in the City of Solok shows that in general the achievement of the indicators of education affairs has not been achieved because the achievement of indicators according to each year is.
Analisis Sektor Ekonomi Serta Pengaruh Investasi terhadap Sektor Basis Dan Non Basis 2 Kabupaten Di Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Setyaningrum Margaretha Dwi Suprapti , Imaningsih Niniek , Wijaya Riko Setya
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the existence of basic and non-basic sectors, economic sector growth, regional types when viewed from economic growth, as well as how investment affects the basic and non-basic sectors in Cilacap Regency and Sukoharjo Regency in Central Java Province. This study uses time series data with a period of 4 years, namely the period 2016-2019. The analysis technique used is LQ (Location Quetient) analysis, Shift-Share, Klassen typology, simple linear regression analysis using spss 13.0. Based on the results of the LQ analysis, it was revealed that Sukoharjo Regency is a district that is superior to that of Cilacap Regency in terms of the number of its leading sectors. The growth of the economic sectors of the two districts has increased and decreased every year. Based on the results of the regression analysis, it shows that investment has a significant effect on the growth of the basic and non-basic sectors in the two districts.
Kapabilitas Membangun Jaringan dengan Pemasok untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Operasional Pada Toko Aksesoris Telepon Genggam Di Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Sundari Sri , Uripi Cahyaningtyas Ria
Published: June 2021

The increasing need for mobile phones has resulted in the rapid development of the mobile phone accessories business in Banyumas Regency. Competition between accessories stores results in the importance of operational performance in order to maintain its survival. To be able to achieve superior operational performance, a mobile phone accessories shop must have the capability to build a network with suppliers. This study aims to examine the effect of the capability of building a network with suppliers (consisting of three dimensions, namely developing effective network structures, supplier base reduction and longterm orientation) and supplier operational performance on the operational performance of mobile phone accessories stores.This research is a survey research with a population of mobile phone accessories stores in Banyumas Regency and a sample size of 100 respondents. The method of analysis and hypothesis testing uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the AMOS 22 program. From the test results it can be concluded that developing effective network structures has a positive effect on supplier operational performance, Supplier base reduction has a positive effect on supplier operational performance, Longterm orientation has a positive effect on supplier operational performance. supplier operational performance, supplier operational performance has a positive effect on organization operational performance. The implication of this research is that there is a need to increase in establishing an effective network between mobile phone accessories stores and suppliers so that the operational performance of the business units increases.
Efisiensi Usaha Peternakan Ayam Broiler dengan Sistem Manajemen Closed House dan Open House
Authors: Viastika Yanita Mutiaraning
Published: June 2021

This study aims to identify the ratio of broiler farm business income with closed house and open house management systems. The research method used was a survey method using purposive sampling. As treatment there are two cage management systems, namely closed house and open house. The research method uses profit analysis and R / C ratio. The results showed that 1) the profit obtained by the broiler breeder business with the open house cage system was greater than that of the closed house. 2) the broiler chicken coop business that uses the open house and closed house systems is classified as efficient. This finding implies that chicken farmers can choose an open house cage system because it is more profitable.
Розвиток конфліктологічної компетеності фахівців медичної галузі з позиції соціальної психології
Authors: Волченко Євген , Хатіпов Михайло
Published: June 2021

У статті показано, що конфліктологічна компетентність фахівця медичної галузі є особливим видом компетентності, яка забезпечує розпізнавання, ефективну поведінку і оптимальне розвʼязання професійних конфліктів в медичній сфері. Конфліктологічна компетентність фахівця медичної галузі істотно відрізняється від конфліктної компетентності, сформованої на основі загального досвіду соціального життя. Конфліктологічна компетентність фахівця медичної галузі характеризується освоєнням і доступністю просоціальних стратегій поведінки, які спрямовані на оптимальне розвʼязання професійного конфлікту. Конфліктологічна компетентність фахівця медичної галузі є складним психічним утворенням, яке включає риси особистості, процеси метакогнітівного контролю, регулювання та моніторингу когнітивної діяльності, а також рефлексію, спрямовану на надситуативний аналіз проблемних ситуацій професійної діяльності і довільну саморегуляцію психоемоційного стану. Ці компоненти разом забезпечують вибір і реалізацію у поведінці оптимальних для досягнення цілей професійної діяльності копінг-стратегій і типів реагування у конфлікті. Конфліктологічна компетентність фахівця медичної галузі успішно формується в процесі практико-орієнтованого активного соціально-психологічного навчання і складається з сукупності навчально-тренінгових заходів, змістовна сторона яких відображає професійну медичну діяльність.
Ключові слова: конфлікт, конфліктна компетентність, фахівці медичної галузі.
Основні детермінанти розвитку життєстійкості особистості у соціальному середовищі
Authors: Mарченко Андрій
Published: June 2021

В статті розкрито основні детермінанти розвитку життєстійкості особистості у соціальному середовищі. Показано, що життєстійкість досліджується з різних позицій: як інтегральна здатність особистості в рамках теорії діяльності і здібностей; як особистісний стан субʼєкта, що впливає, розвиває і збагачує всі сфери його психіки; як інтегральна характеристика протистояння негативним впливам середовища, подолання життєвих труднощів, трансформації їх у ситуації розвитку субʼєкта. Виявлені підходи до трактування сутності життєстійкості вказують на її звʼязок зі способами поведінки, установками, де життєстійкість, як утворення особистості, дозволяє продуктивно справлятися з проблемними ситуаціями в напрямку формування стійкості, особистісного зростання, ефективної взаємодії в соціальному середовищі. Встановлено, що розвинений компонент прийняття ризику в структурі життєстійкості описується як переконаність в тому, що все, що відбувається з людиною сприяє її розвитку за рахунок набутих знань, інформованості, урахування позитивного і негативного досвіду. Цей компонент життєстійкості допомагає залишатися відкритими в соціальному середовищі, сприймати життєві події як випробування і виклик. Отримані результати свідчать про те, що життєстійкість у більшій мірі залежить від міри залученості особистості у соціокультурний простір взаємодії, усвідомлення відповідальності за майбутнє. Контроль, як компонент життєстійкості, вказує на прагнення впливати на результати того, що відбувається, вибирати відповідну поведінку. Виявлені особливості за різними компонентами життєстійкості повʼязані зі сферою активності і родом занять кожної групи респондентів.
Ключові слова: особистість, життєстійкість, компоненти життєстійкості, детермінанти життєстійкості.
Wool as the Main Livestock Raw Material for the Manufacture of Kyrgyz Felt Carpets
Authors: Beksultanova Ch. , Tentigul kyzy N.
Published: June 2021

This article reflects the importance of wool in the life of traditional Kyrgyz society. The nomadic way of life provided them with everything they needed for daily life. Livestock, the main economic activity of the Kyrgyz, provided raw materials for livestock: wool, skins, horns, sheep skins and bones. The article describes the various characteristics and features of sheep’s wool. As a traditional knowledge of the Kyrgyz, its use in the treatment of fractures through wool, i. e. The importance of the medical aspect is established. Sheep’s wool is widely used in the manufacture of various household items, in the exterior and interior decoration of traditional yurts, and in the making of hats, clothes, and shoes. The technological method of shearing sheep to obtain high-quality wool, as well as the features of its preparation in the manufacture of Kyrgyz felt carpets (ala kiiz and shyrdak) are described in detail.
Verbalization of the Concept Word in Lexical Level (the English, Russian, Uzbek Languages)
Authors: Galieva M.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the comparative analysis of the verbalization of the concept Word at the lexical level in the English, Russian and Uzbek languages. The analysis of the representation of the concept Word/ Сўз/Word was carried out on the basis of lexicographic data given in the explanatory dictionaries of the English, Russian and Uzbek languages. The results of the analysis showed that in spite of being one of the universal concepts peculiar to any language and linguaculture, the concept Word has a number of culturally specific features of representation in each of the languages. The analysis revealed that the meanings of the concept Word can be subdivided into linguistic and philosophical-religious zones. The linguistic zone is represented by meanings, most of which are common to all languages under consideration (word is a unit of speech, language unit, text, proverb, conversation). The philosophical-religious zone is represented by meanings inherent only to the English and Russian languages (the Word is the Bible, the Word is Jesus Christ, the Word is Logos), which is explained by the commonality of religious and philosophical views of these cultures.
Anthroponyms as Address in Japanese
Authors: Mulekova L.
Published: June 2021

The article aims to study of anthroponyms as a reference in Japanese. Anthroponyms as forms of circulation and their functioning in the modern literary Japanese language were described and the socio-psychological factors influencing the choice of a certain form of appeal were considered as well as functional shifts in the system of forms of circulation of the Japanese language were investigated. The purpose of this study to describe and analyze the anthroponymic forms of addressing. On selecting material for the study, the method of random sampling was used. The article concludes that there is some difference in the use of anthroponyms as an address of the male and female speech versions of the language.
Antithrombotic therapy in multimorbid patients with atrial fibrillation from standpoint of clinical recommendations of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation (2020). Effectiveness and safety of apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation and concomitant diseases
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Butorov V. N. , Arablinsky N. A. , Romanovsky R. R. , Batyukina S. V.
Published: June 2021

Clinical practice and ongoing scientific research in recent years show the importance of the problem of multimorbidity in atrial fibrillation (AF). The prevalence of AF in the general population is 1–2%, while the frequency of its occurrence increases with age – from less than 0.5% at the age of 40–50 to 5–15% at the age of 80. Only 19.6% of patients with AF have no comorbidities, 69.3% of patients have 1 to 3 comorbidities, and 11.1% of patients with AF had 4 and more comorbidities. In patients with AF and with 4 and more comorbidities, the risk of death from all causes is almost seven times higher than in patients without comorbidities. As shown by the post hoc analysis of the ARISTOTLE study, apixaban was equally effective and safe in both patients without concomitant pathology and in muliborbid patients. The efficacy and safety of apixaban has been shown in AF and concomitant arterial hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, including in patients with acute coronary syndrome, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The data of scientific research in recent years are reflected in the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on AF (2020), which presents a separate section on the management of patients with concomitant diseases. It is emphasized that apixaban has shown its superiority over warfarin and other direct oral anticoagulants in terms of efficacy and safety, both in isolated AF and in patients with concomitant diseases, which makes its choice preferable in the treatment of multimirbidity AF patients.
TELEFORMAT OR A TELEVISION PROGRAM?
Authors: Надія Федорова
Published: June 2021

The article touches upon basic issues for the legal regulation of visual art market in Ukraine. Nowadays works of visual art are regarded not only as objects for aesthetic enjoyment but also as commercial assets. Current trading relationships are being influenced by global  geographical changes of business, digital transformation and IT development.Attention is drawn to the fact that trading relations in art works should be based on such fundamental principles as equality of parties, autonomy of will, and reasonable transparency of commercial operations. It should also be defined the basic elements of trade dealings in the visual art market. They are parties to the relationships, subject matters, and certain content of rights and duties depending on type and nature of legal privity.The comprehensive analysis of legal capacity and competence has been undertaken in the research. Therefore, market participant should have legal ability to acquire and perform personal rights and obligations connected with art trading. They should be able to behold responsible for their unlawful actions as well. The creator of visual art work should also have creative capacity to be regarded as author and proper party to the transaction.Besides, it is pointed out the main features of visual art works in case they are subject matter to trading activity. Currently, more and more contemporary art works are appearing on the market, for example, installations and computer generated art works. But commercialturnover accepts artistic results, which are unique, creative and aesthetic enjoyable.So, no art work should be considered as a subject matter to marketplace that does not contain intellectual and creative components. It should not be easily-reproducible too.Also worth noting is that certain content of legal relations in the visual art market consists of two-dimensional authorities. Permitting competence is intended to determine the limit and procedure of voluntary conduct. Obligatory warranties establish some restrictionsand prohibitions. They are meant to attach the liability for non-performance or improper performance of duties.The article is concluded by saying that theoretical framework of visual art market is an important base for providing the suitable level of legal regulation of art trading relations.
National security systemand issues of intellectual property
Authors: Zaikivskyi Oleksandr , Onistrat Oleksandr
Published: June 2021

Keywords: national security system of Ukraine, subjects of the national securitysystem, threats to national security, intellectual property

The system of national security of Ukraine is defined as the interactionof the individual, society, public authorities and local governance in the processof ensuring national security, taking into account the relationships between them andtheir environment. It is an open, dynamic, social system, the main purpose of which isto integrate efforts of the individuals, society and the state for the realization of nationalinterests, ensuring the integrity of the social organism and the ability of thestate to defend these interests.It is noted that the issue of intellectual property is an integral part of the nationalsecurity system of Ukraine, as they are present in all objects of the national securitysystem of Ukraine, and their non-compliance or violations pose a threat to these objects,including national interests in the defense sphere of Ukraine.Theoretical aspects of the national security system of Ukraine, components (elements)of this system and their relationship, the main tasks and functions of strategicsubjects of the national security system are considered. The influence of intellectualproperty on the system of threats to national security and defense capabilities ofUkraine is studied. The need to define the system of intellectual property protectionas a component of national security and defense of Ukraine and to take into accountintellectual property issues in the development of national security state policy, aswell as the importance of further research on the role of intellectual property in nationalsecurity and defense of Ukraine are defined.The structural scheme of the national security system of Ukraine is proposed. Itincludes the objects of national security; subjects of national security; threats to nationalsecurity.Insufficient attention is paid to the study of the role of intellectual property in thefield of national security, as well to the identification of threats to state security inthis area. Therefore, there is a growing need for theoretical research that would conceptuallydefine and substantiate the role of intellectual property in the field of nationalsecurity and defense.
On the issue of codification of legislation in the field of intellectual property
Authors: Shabalin Andrii
Published: June 2021

Keywords: intellectual property right, codification, legislation, The Civil Code ofUkraine

This scientific article examines the issue of the need to create aspecial code of intellectual property in Ukraine. For a full-fledged and objective study,an analysis was made of the history of Ukrainian legislation in the field of intellectualproperty, foreign models of legal regulation of intellectual property rights, especiallyEuropean legal experience, were also investigated. The author supports the positionregarding the creation in Ukraine of the Intellectual Property Code, the analogueof which exists in Italy and France. Based on the study of Ukrainian and foreign legalsystems, the author defines the main criteria for creating an intellectual propertycode: Legal and organizational criteria are defined. The author points out the need toimplement the European legislative practice, the jurisprudence of the EuropeanCourt of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union on judicialcases in the field of intellectual property into the code. This vector of implementationwill have a positive meaning for the adaptation of the Ukrainian legislative system toEuropean democratic standards in the field of legal regulation, legal protection of intellectualproperty rights. The author pays special attention to the need to harmonizethe intellectual property code with the Civil Code of Ukraine and procedural legislationin order to level the negative legal consequences in legal practice in the field ofintellectual property; also in the IP Code shall contain the following provision or requirements,which contained universal definitions of legal concepts in the field of intellectualproperty. Based on the conducted scientific analysis, the author points outthe need for the existence of the Ukrainian code of intellectual property and speciallaws in the field of intellectual property. It follows from this that there is a need forlegal regulation of individual legal relations (objects of law) in the field of intellectualproperty law. The author points out that such a legal system corresponds to the modelof legal regulation of the field of intellectual property that exists in the EuropeanUnion.
UTILITY MODEL PROTECTION - TRENDS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CHALLENGES FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Юрій Капіца
Published: June 2021

The issue of utility model (UM) protection in Ukraine in1993–2020 and the practice of the EU Member–States is considered. It is noted theproblem of UM trolling and exceeding the number of applications in Ukraine for UM in comparison with inventions. It is associated with the expansion in 2003 of the UM object in addition to the device also to a process, substance, microorganism strain, plant or animal cells culture and limiting the criterion of patentability only to the requirementnovelty and industrial applicability.It is concluded that the adoption of the Law of 21.07.2020 № 816-IX is an important step to limit patent trolling. The Law provides for exclusion from the protection of the substance and the introduction of post grant opposition in the Appellate Chamber.However the Law does not solve the problem of patent trolling at the customs border and did not exclude process from the protection. Also there will still be the problem at the courts as well Appellate Chamber to declare a utility model invalid if the UM is a new but obvious technical solution due to the lack of inventive step requirement or lower requirements for inventive step.The peculiarities of the protection of the utility model in the 15 old EU member states and the United Kingdom are analyzed. It is shown the tendency to increase level of protection of UM in the EU. In 6 EU countries there is no UM protection. In 5 there is an inventive step requirement. In 2 countries protection is possible only for three-dimensional objects (Italy, Greece). In 2 countries (Finland, Spain) - lower requirements for the inventive step.The directions of change of UM legislation in Ukraine are substantiated, including: Option 1: cancellation of protection of UM taking into account experience of Luxembourg, Sweden, Great Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands.Option 2: introduction of protection only for three-dimensional UM (protection is not provided to the method, substances, biotechnological inventions). Establishment of the criterion of inventive step the same as for inventions. Determination of mandatory examination of compliancewith the criteria of patentability (novelty, inventive step, industrial applicability) before the enforcement of UM in the courts, customs, Antimonopoly Committee.Option 3. Definition of protection of utility model as a form of protection of the invention with similar requirements as in option 2.
THE CONCEPT OF PRIVACY OF TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS CONVEYED BY MEANS OF COMMUNICATION (ARTICLE 163 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE)
Authors: Анжела Стрижевська
Published: June 2021

The article investigates the problem of criminal law nature of the concepts of telephone conversations, the secrets of such conversations, as well as deals with certain issues of the concept of telephone conversations conveyed by means of communication, analyzes the relationship between the concept of “conversations” (conversations made by telephone) and “objects” for working with which telecommunications (electroc ommunications) and telecommunication networks are intended. You can distinguish between legal and factual features.Legal features are due to the fact that such conversations are covered by the law of personal non-property rights and are given the status of secrecy.The factual features of telephone conversations are due to the fact that such conversations are the activities of at least two persons involved in the conversation, on the exchange of information between them, have a specific form with a certain meaning, carried out by appropriate means of communication.Under such conditions, telephone conversations, in order to indicate the content of the subject of the crime under Article 163 of the Criminal Code, must meet the following mandatory requirements: 1) reproduce certain activities of a person that lasts for some time and exchanged participate in such a conversation (exchange of information); 2) have a specific objective form (verbal, the form of sounds, signals, messages, the so-called "silent consent", etc., but which are somehow exchanged with a certain meaning, perceiving such a meaning, several participants in the conversation); 3) have a certain meaning (ie, regardless of the chosen form, the conversation must contain specific information that is exchanged by persons involved in it, and who perceive (realize) the meaning of such information); 4) be transmitted by certain means of communication (by telecommunications, telecommunications networks). If the conversation does not meet at least one of these requirements — the subject of the crime (telephone conversation), provided for in Article 163 of the Criminal Code — will obviously be absent.
Centriolar Protein C2cd3 Is Required for Craniofacial Development
Authors: Chang Ching-Fang , Brown Kari M. , Yang Yanfen , Brugmann Samantha A.
Published: June 2021

The primary cilium is a ubiquitous, microtubule-based cellular organelle. Primary cilia dysfunction results in a group of disorders termed ciliopathies. C2 domain containing 3 centriole elongation regulator (C2cd3), encodes a centriolar protein essential for ciliogenesis. Mutations in human C2CD3 are associated with the human ciliopathy Oral-Facial-Digital syndrome type 14 (OFD14). In order to better understand the etiology of ciliopathies including OFD14, we generated numerous murine models targeting C2cd3. Initial analysis revealed several tissue-specific isoforms of C2cd3, and while the loss of C2cd3 has previously been reported to result in exencephaly, tight mesencephalic flexure, pericardial edema, abnormal heart looping and a twisted body axis, further analysis revealed that genetic background may also contribute to phenotypic variation. Additional analyses of a conditional allelic series targeting C-terminal PKC-C2 domains or the N-terminal C2CD3N-C2 domain of C2cd3 revealed a variable degree of phenotypic severity, suggesting that while the N-terminal C2CD3N-C2 domain was critical for early embryonic development as a whole, there was also a craniofacial specific role for the C2CD3N-C2 domains. Together, through generation of novel models and evaluation of C2cd3 expression, these data provide valuable insight into mechanisms of pathology for craniofacial ciliopathies that can be further explored in the future.
Agreement in Left Ventricular Function Measured by Echocardiography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Chronic Coronary Total Occlusion
Authors: Li Jiahui , Zhang Lijun , Wang Yueli , Zuo Huijuan , Huang Rongchong , Yang Xueyao , Han Ye , He Yi , Song Xiantao
Published: June 2021

Aims: To determine the agreement between two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2DTTE) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in left ventricular (LV) function [including end-systolic volume (LVESV), end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), and ejection fraction (LVEF)] in chronic total occlusion (CTO) patients.

Methods: Eighty-eight CTO patients were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 2DTTE and CMR within 1 week. The correlation and agreement of LVEF, LVESV, and LVEDV as measured by 2DTTE and CMR were assessed using Pearson correlation, Kappa analysis, and Bland–Altman method.

Results: The mean age of patients enrolled was 57 ± 10 years. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.71, 0.90, and 0.80, respectively, all P < 0.001) and a moderately strong agreement (Kappa = 0.62, P < 0.001) between the two modalities in measurement of LV function. The agreement in patients with EF ≧50% was better than in those with an EF <50%. CTO patients without echocardiographic wall motion abnormality (WMA) had stronger intermodality correlations (r = 0.84, 0.96, and 0.87, respectively) and smaller biases in LV function measurement.

Conclusions: The difference in measurement between 2DTTE and CMR should be noticed in CTO patients with EF <50% or abnormal ventricular motion. CMR should be considered in these conditions.
In-planta Gene Targeting in Barley Using Cas9 With and Without Geminiviral Replicons
Authors: Lawrenson Tom , Hinchliffe Alison , Clarke Martha , Morgan Yvie , Harwood Wendy
Published: June 2021

Advances in the use of RNA-guided Cas9-based genome editing in plants have been rapid over the last few years. A desirable application of genome editing is gene targeting (GT), as it allows a wide range of precise modifications; however, this remains inefficient especially in key crop species. Here, we describe successful, heritable gene targeting in barley at the target site of Cas9 using an in-planta strategy but fail to achieve the same using a wheat dwarf virus replicon to increase the copy number of the repair template. Without the replicon, we were able to delete 150 bp of the coding sequence of our target gene whilst simultaneously fusing in-frame mCherry in its place. Starting from 14 original transgenic plants, two plants appeared to have the required gene targeting event. From one of these T0 plants, three independent gene targeting events were identified, two of which were heritable. When the replicon was included, 39 T0 plants were produced and shown to have high copy numbers of the repair template. However, none of the 17 lines screened in T1 gave rise to significant or heritable gene targeting events despite screening twice the number of plants in T1 compared with the non-replicon strategy. Investigation indicated that high copy numbers of repair template created by the replicon approach cause false-positive PCR results which are indistinguishable at the sequence level to true GT events in junction PCR screens widely used in GT studies. In the successful non-replicon approach, heritable gene targeting events were obtained in T1, and subsequently, the T-DNA was found to be linked to the targeted locus. Thus, physical proximity of target and donor sites may be a factor in successful gene targeting.
Systems Toxicology Approach for Assessing Developmental Neurotoxicity in Larval Zebrafish
Authors: Li Roman A. , Talikka Marja , Gubian Sylvain , vom Berg Colette , Martin Florian , Peitsch Manuel C. , Hoeng Julia , Zupanic Anze
Published: June 2021

Adverse outcomes that result from chemical toxicity are rarely caused by dysregulation of individual proteins; rather, they are often caused by system-level perturbations in networks of molecular events. To fully understand the mechanisms of toxicity, it is necessary to recognize the interactions of molecules, pathways, and biological processes within these networks. The developing brain is a prime example of an extremely complex network, which makes developmental neurotoxicity one of the most challenging areas in toxicology. We have developed a systems toxicology method that uses a computable biological network to represent molecular interactions in the developing brain of zebrafish larvae. The network is curated from scientific literature and describes interactions between biological processes, signaling pathways, and adverse outcomes associated with neurotoxicity. This allows us to identify important signaling hubs, pathway interactions, and emergent adverse outcomes, providing a more complete understanding of neurotoxicity. Here, we describe the construction of a zebrafish developmental neurotoxicity network and its validation by integration with publicly available neurotoxicity-related transcriptomic datasets. Our network analysis identified consistent regulation of tumor suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma 1 (Rb1) as well as the oncogene Krüppel-like factor (Klf8) in response to chemically induced developmental neurotoxicity. The developed network can be used to interpret transcriptomic data in a neurotoxicological context.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Risk of Five Common Psychiatric Disorders Among European Women: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jin Luyang , Yu Jia'en , Chen Yuxiao , Pang Haiyan , Sheng Jianzhong , Huang Hefeng
Published: June 2021

Background: Observational studies have implied an association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and psychiatric disorders. Here we examined whether PCOS might contribute causally to such disorders, focusing on anxiety disorder (AD), bipolar disorder (BIP), major depression disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia (SCZ).

Methods: Causality was explored using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) with genetic variants as instrumental variables. The genetic variants were from summary data of genome-wide association studies in European populations. First, potential causal effects of PCOS on each psychiatric disorder were evaluated, and then potential reverse causality was also assessed once PCOS was found to be causally associated with any psychiatric disorder. Causal effects were explored using inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger analysis, simulation extrapolation, and weighted median analysis.

Results: Genetically predicted PCOS was positively associated with OCD based on inverse variance weighting (OR 1.339, 95% CI 1.083–1.657, p = 0.007), simulation extrapolation (OR 1.382, 95% CI 1.149–1.662, p = 0.009) and weighted median analysis (OR 1.493, 95% CI 1.145–1.946, p = 0.003). However, genetically predicted OCD was not associated with PCOS. Genetically predicted PCOS did not exert causal effects on AD, BIP, MDD, or SCZ.

Conclusions: In European populations, PCOS may be a causal factor in OCD, but not AD, BIP, MDD, or SCZ.