bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile measurement of methane emissions from natural gas developments in Northeastern British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Atherton Emmaline , Risk David , Fougere Chelsea , Lavoie Martin , Marshall Alex , Werring John , Williams James P. , Minions Christina
Published: April 2017

Abstract. North American leaders recently committed to reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas sector, but information on current emissions from Canadian unconventional developments is lacking. This study examined the incidence of methane in an area of unconventional natural gas development in northwestern Canada. In August to September 2015 we completed almost 8000 km of vehicle-based survey campaigns on public roads dissecting developments that mainly access the Montney formation in northeastern British Columbia. Six survey routes were repeated 3–6 times and brought us past over 1600 unique well pads and facilities developed by more than 50 different operators. To attribute on-road plumes to infrastructural sources we used gas signatures of residual excess concentrations (anomalies above background) less than 500 m downwind from infrastructural sources. All results represent emissions greater than our minimum detection limit of 0.59 g/s at our average detection distance (319 m). Unlike many other developments in the US for which methane measurements have been reported recently, the methane concentrations we measured at surface were close to normal atmospheric levels, except inside natural gas plumes. Roughly 47 % of active wells emitted methane-rich plumes above our minimum detection limit. Abandoned and under-development well sites also emitted methane-rich plumes, but the incidence rate was below that of producing wells. Multiple sites that pre-date the recent unconventional Montney development were found to be emitting, and in general we observed that older infrastructure tended to emit more often (per unit) with comparable severity in terms of measured excess concentrations on-road. We also observed emissions from facilities of various types that were highly repeatable. Emission patterns in this area were best explained by infrastructure age and type. Extrapolating our results across the Montney development, we estimate that the emission sources we located (emitting at a rate > 0.59 g/s) contribute more than 111,800 tonnes of methane annually to the atmosphere. This value exceeds reported bottom-up estimates of 78,000 tonnes for all oil and gas sector sources in British Columbia, of which the Montney represents about 55 % of production. The results also demonstrate that mobile surveys could be used to exhaustively screen developments for super-emitters, because without our intensive 6-fold replication we could have used single-pass sampling to screen 80 % of Montney-related infrastructure. This is the first bottom-up study of fugitive emissions in the Canadian energy sector, and these results can be used to inform policy development in an era of methane emission reduction efforts.
Inverse modelling of European CH4 emissions during 2006–2012 using different inverse models and reassessed atmospheric observations
Authors: Bergamaschi Peter , Karstens Ute , Manning Alistair J. , Saunois Marielle , Tsuruta Aki , Berchet Antoine , Vermeulen Alexander T. , Arnold Tim , Janssens-Maenhout Greet , Hammer Samuel , Levin Ingeborg , Schmidt ‎ Martina , Ramonet Michel , Lopez Morgan , Lavric Jost , Aalto Tuula , Chen Huilin , Feist Dietrich G. , Gerbig Christoph , Haszpra László , Hermansen Ove , Manca Giovanni , Moncrieff John , Meinhardt Frank , Necki Jaroslaw , Galkowski Michal , O'Doherty Simon , Paramonova Nina , Scheeren Hubertus A. , Steinbacher Martin , Dlugokencky Ed
Published: April 2017

Abstract. We present inverse modelling (top-down) estimates of European methane (CH4) emissions for 2006–2012 based on a new quality-controlled and harmonized in-situ data set from 18 European atmospheric monitoring stations. We applied an ensemble of seven inverse models and performed four inversion experiments, investigating the impact of different sets of stations and the use of a priori information on emissions. The inverse models infer total CH4 emissions of 26.7 (20.2–29.7) Tg CH4 yr−1 (mean, 10th and 90th percentiles from all inversions) for the EU-28 for 2006–2012 from the four inversion experiments. For comparison, total anthropogenic CH4 emissions reported to UNFCCC (bottom-up, based on statistical data and emissions factors) amount to only 21.3 Tg CH4 yr−1 (2006) to 18.8 Tg CH4 yr−1 (2012). A potential explanation for the higher range of top-down estimates compared to bottom-up inventories could be the contribution from natural sources, such as peatlands, wetlands, and wet soils. Based on seven different wetland inventories from the Wetland and Wetland CH4 Inter-comparison of Models Project (WETCHIMP) total wetland emissions of 4.3 (2.3–8.2) CH4 yr−1 from EU-28 are estimated. The hypothesis of significant natural emissions is supported by the finding that several inverse models yield significant seasonal cycles of derived CH4 emissions with maxima in summer, while anthropogenic CH4 emissions are assumed to have much lower seasonal variability. Furthermore, we investigate potential biases in the inverse models by comparison with regular aircraft profiles at four European sites and with vertical profiles obtained during the Infrastructure for Measurement of the European Carbon Cycle (IMECC) aircraft campaign. We present a novel approach to estimate the biases in the derived emissions, based on the comparison of simulated and measured enhancements of CH4 compared to the background, integrated over the entire boundary layer and over the lower troposphere. This analysis identifies regional biases for several models at the aircraft profile sites in France, Hungary and Poland.
Climatology and Interannual Variability of Dynamic Variables in
Multiple Reanalyses Evaluated by the SPARC Reanalysis
Intercomparison Project (S-RIP)
Authors: Long Craig S. , Fujiwara Masatomo , Davis Sean , Mitchell Daniel M. , Wright Corwin J.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Abstract. Two of the most basic parameters generated from a reanalysis are temperature and winds. Temperatures in the reanalyses are derived from conventional (surface and balloon), aircraft, and satellite observations. Winds are both observed by conventional systems, cloud tracked, and derived from height fields which in turn are derived from the vertical temperature structure. In this paper we evaluate as part of the SPARC-Reanalysis Intercomparison Project (S-RIP) the temperature and wind structure of all the recent and past reanalyses. This evaluation is mainly between the reanalyses themselves, but comparisons against independent observations such as HIRDLS temperatures are also presented. This evaluation uses monthly mean and 2.5 degree zonal mean data sets and spans the satellite era from 1979–2014. There is very good agreement in temperature seasonally and latitudinally between the more recent reanalyses (CFSR, MERRA, ERA-Interim, JRA-55, and MERRA-2) between the surface and 10 hPa. At lower pressures there is increased variance between these reanalyses that changes with season and latitude. This variance also changes during the time span of these reanalyses with greater variance during the TOVS period (1979–1998) and less variance afterward in the ATOVS period (1999–2014). There is a distinct change in the temperature structure in the middle and upper stratosphere during this transition from TOVS to ATOVS systems. Zonal winds are in greater agreement than temperatures and this agreement extends to lower pressures than the temperatures. Older reanalyses (NCEP/NCAR, NCEP/DOE, ERA-40, JRA-25) have larger temperature and zonal wind disagreement from the more recent reanalyses. All reanalyses to date have issues analysing the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) winds. Comparisons with Singapore QBO winds show disagreement in the amplitude of the westerly and easterly anomalies. The disagreement with Singapore winds improves with the transition from TOVS to ATOVS observations. Temperature bias characteristics determined via comparisons with a Reanalysis Ensemble Mean (MERRA, ERA-Interim, JRA-55) are similarly observed when compared with Aura/HIRDLS and Aura/MLS observations. There is good agreement between NOAA's TLS, SSU1 and SSU2 Climate Data Records and layer mean temperatures from the more recent reanalyses. Caution is advised for using reanalysis temperatures for trend detection.
Freshening of the Labrador Sea as a trigger for Little Ice Age development
Authors: Alonso-Garcia Montserrat , Kleiven Helga (Kikki) F. , McManus Jerry F. , Moffa-Sanchez Paola , Broecker Wallace S. , Flower Benjamin P.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Arctic freshwater discharges to the Labrador Sea from melting glaciers and sea ice can have a large impact on ocean circulation dynamics in the North Atlantic, modifying climate and deep water formation in this region. In this study, we present for the first time a high resolution record of ice rafting in the Labrador Sea over the last millennium to assess the effects of freshwater discharges in this region on ocean circulation and climate. The occurrence of ice-rafted debris (IRD) in the Labrador Sea was studied using sediments from Site GS06-144-03 (57.29° N, 48.37° W; 3432 m water depth). IRD from the fraction 63–150 µm shows particularly high concentrations during the intervals  ∼  AD 1000–1100,  ∼  1150–1250,  ∼  1400–1450,  ∼  1650–1700 and  ∼  1750–1800. The first two intervals occurred during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), whereas the others took place within the Little Ice Age (LIA). Mineralogical identification indicates that the main IRD source during the MCA was SE Greenland. In contrast, the concentration and relative abundance of hematite-stained grains reflects an increase in the contribution of Arctic ice during the LIA. The comparison of our Labrador Sea IRD records with other climate proxies from the subpolar North Atlantic allowed us to propose a sequence of processes that led to the cooling that occurred during the LIA, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere. This study reveals that the warm climate of the MCA may have enhanced iceberg calving along the SE Greenland coast and, as a result, freshened the subpolar gyre (SPG). Consequently, SPG circulation switched to a weaker mode and reduced convection in the Labrador Sea, decreasing its contribution to the North Atlantic deep water formation and, thus, reducing the amount of heat transported to high latitudes. This situation of weak SPG circulation may have made the North Atlantic climate more unstable, inducing a state in which external forcings (e.g. reduced solar irradiance and volcanic eruptions) could easily drive periods of severe cold conditions in Europe and the North Atlantic like the LIA. This analysis indicates that a freshening of the SPG may play a crucial role in the development of cold events during the Holocene, which may be of key importance for predictions about future climate.
USGS Experience with the Residual Absolutes Method
Authors: Worthington E. William , Matzka Jurgen
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geomagnetism Program has developed and tested the Residual Method of Absolutes, with the assistance of the Danish Technical University's (DTU) Geomagnetism Program. The computations of the absolute and baseline values are presented with improved calculations, such as the exact conversion from nanoTeslas (nT) to degrees. Three years of testing were performed at College Magnetic Observatory (CMO) to compare the Residual method with the Null method. Results show that the two methods compare very well with each other and both sets of baseline data were used to process the 2015 Definitive data. The Residual method is also being used at the Deadhorse Magnetic Observatory and will be implemented at the other USGS high latitude geomagnetic observatories in the summer of 2017.
A new aerosol wet removal scheme for the Lagrangian particle model FLEXPART v10
Authors: Grythe Henrik , Kristiansen Nina I. , Groot Zwaaftink Christine D. , Eckhardt Sabine , Ström Johan , Tunved Peter , Krejci Radovan , Stohl Andreas
Published: April 2017

Abstract. A new, more physically based wet removal scheme for aerosols has been implemented in the Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART. It uses three-dimensional cloud water fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to determine cloud extent and distinguishes between in-cloud and below-cloud scavenging. The new in-cloud nucleation scavenging depends on cloud water phase (liquid, ice or mixed-phase), based on the aerosol's prescribed efficiency to serve as ice crystal nuclei and liquid water nuclei, respectively. The impaction scavenging scheme now parameterizes below-cloud removal as a function of aerosol particle size and precipitation type (snow or rain) and intensity.Sensitivity tests with the new scavenging scheme and comparisons with observational data were conducted for three distinct types of primary aerosols, which pose different challenges for modeling wet scavenging due to their differences in solubility, volatility and size distribution: (1) 137Cs released during the Fukushima nuclear accident attached mainly to highly soluble sulphate aerosol particles, (2) black carbon (BC) aerosol particles, and (3) mineral dust. Calculated e-folding lifetimes of accumulation mode aerosols for these three aerosol types were 11.7, 16.0, and 31.6 days respectively, when well mixed in the atmosphere. These are longer lifetimes than those obtained by the previous removal schem, and, for mineral dust in particular, primarily result from very slow in-cloud removal, which globally is the primary removal mechanism for these accumulation mode particles.Calculated e-folding lifetimes in FLEXPART also have a strong size dependence, with the longest lifetimes found for the accumulation-mode aerosols. For example, for dust particles emitted at the surface the lifetimes were 13.8 days for particles with 1 µm diameter and a few hours for 10 µm particles. A strong size dependence in below-cloud scavenging, combined with increased dry removal, is the primary reason for the shorter lifetimes of the larger particles. The most frequent removal is in-cloud scavenging (85 % of all scavenging events) but it occurs primarily in the free troposphere, while below-cloud removal is more frequent below 1000 m (52 % of all events) and can be important for the initial fate of species emitted at the surface, such as those examined here.For assumed realistic in-cloud removal efficiencies, both BC and sulphate have a slight overestimation of observed atmospheric concentrations (a factor of 1.6 and 1.2 respectively). However, this overestimation is largest close to the sources and thus appears more related to overestimated emissions rather than underestimated removal. The new aerosol wet removal scheme of FLEXPART incorporates more realistic information about clouds and aerosol properties and it compares better with both observed lifetimes and concentration than the old scheme.
Optimum Water Quality Monitoring Network Design for Bidirectional River Systems Using Modified MOPSO
Authors: Zhu Xiaohui , Yue Yong , Wong Prudence W. H. , Zhang Yixin
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Designing an optimum water quality monitoring network will not only minimize the pollution detection time and maximize the detection probability in river systems, but also reduce the redundant monitoring nodes and save the investment and costs for building and running the network. We propose a novel method for the optimum water quality monitoring network design and identification of the influence of bidirectional water flows which has not be studied in the literature. In order to handle discrete issues of designing an optimum water quality monitoring network for bidirectional rivers, we have modified the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm and developed new fitness functions. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is used to simulate pollution events of a hypothetical river network which was studied in the literature for comparative analysis of our work. Simulation results show that the modified MOPSO can obtain a better Pareto frontier whilst bidirectional water flows have a significant effect on the optimization monitoring network design. We achieve a different optimum deployment from unidirectional water flow for the same river system. We also find that the probability of bidirectional water flows has no effect on the optimum monitoring network design but the pollution detection threshold of the monitoring devices can affect the network design when the threshold is high.
Assessing impacts of dike construction on the flood dynamics in the Mekong Delta
Authors: Duc Tran Dung , van Halsema Gerardo , Hellegers Petra J. G. J. , Phi Hoang Long , Quang Tran Tho , Kummu Matti , Ludwig Fulco
Published: April 2017

Abstract. There is a large public concern about recent increases in flood risks in the downstream part of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Pronounced recent expansion of high-dike constructions in the floodplains of the upper delta are associated with observed increases in river water levels in the downstream province of Can Tho. In this paper the hydraulic impact of upstream dike construction on the flood hazards downstream the Mekong Delta is assessed through modelling of dike density scenarios in the flood hydrographs of 2011 and 2013. To do this, the existing Mekong delta one-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic model was combined with a quasi-two dimensional (2D) approach to explore the change in water dynamics downstream under extensive high-dike developments in An Giang and Long Xuyen Quadrangle. Most studies are unable to explain where the floodwater goes. To address this, water balances have been established to trace the propagation and redistribution of flood volumes over the delta, which provides an extension of current work in this field. Model results indicate that the extensive construction of high dikes in the upstream floodplains have only limitedly impacts upon the downstream peak river water levels in Can Tho. Instead, model impacts on peak river water levels are concentrated and amplified in the upstream reaches of the delta. The water balance analysis shows the model is able to return fairly stable river water levels at Can Tho by diverting floodwater volumes away for the Long Xuyen Quadrangle in excess of the retention volume lost due the dike construction. This reduced inflow into the Quadrangle, and subsequent diversion of flood volumes to the Plain of Reeds and Cambodian floodplain can, however, not be fully validated due to a lack of monitoring data. The model's spatial re-distribution of flood volumes can be induced by the way the model is calibrated. As dike construction results, according to the model, in a reduction of floodwater volumes reaching the Long Xuyen Quadrangle, high-dike scenarios for the whole of An Giang province or for the entire Long Xuyen Quadrangle indicate only limited increases in upstream and downstream peak river water levels. Future assessments will have to be conducted on the scale of the entire Cambodia-Vietnamese Mekong Delta, with explicit calibration and validation of the Cambodian floodplain as a means to trace the re-distribution of flood volumes and peaks across the delta.
DOM and its optical characteristics in the Laptev and East Siberian
seas: Spatial distribution and inter-annual variability (2003–2011)
Authors: Pugach Svetlana P. , Pipko Irina I. , Shakhova Natalia E. , Shirshin Evgeny A. , Perminova Irina V. , Gustafsson Örjan , Bondur Valery G. , Semiletov Igor P.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) is the broadest and shallowest continental shelf in the World Ocean. It is characterized by both the highest rate of coastal erosion and a large volume of riverine input of terrigenous dissolved organic matter (DOM). DOM plays a significant role in marine aquatic ecosystems. The colored (chromophoric) fraction of DOM (CDOM) directly affects the quantity and spectral quality of available light, thereby impacting both primary production and UV exposure in aquatic ecosystems. A multi-year study of DOM optical parameters and the spectral characteristics of the DOM chromophoric fraction were carried out in the vast ESAS in the summer-fall seasons. The spectral characteristics of CDOM were applied to identify different biogeochemical provinces in the surveyed area. The analysis of CDOM spectral characteristics showed that the major part of the Laptev and East Siberian Sea shelf (making up the ESAS) is influenced by terrigenous DOM with high aromaticity, stemming from riverine discharge. The atmospheric circulation regime is the dominant factor controlling CDOM spatial distribution on the ESAS. A western and an eastern regime of ESAS, separated around 165–170° E, were identified with distinctly different DOM optical properties. Strong correlation between DOC and CDOM concentrations in surface shelf waters influenced by terrigenous discharge indicates feasibility of estimating DOC content from the CDOM assessed in situ using a WETStar fluorometer. The direct estimation of optical characteristics of DOM in ESAS waters provided by this study will also be useful for validation and calibration of remote sensing data.
Path and site effects deduced from merged transfrontier internet macroseismic data of two recent M4 earthquakes in northwest Europe using a grid cell approach
Authors: Van Noten Koen , Lecocq Thomas , Sira Christophe , Hinzen Klaus-G. , Camelbeeck Thierry
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The online collection of earthquake reports in Europe is strongly fragmented across numerous seismological agencies. This paper demonstrates how collecting and merging online institutional macroseismic data strongly improves the density of observations and the quality of intensity shaking maps. Instead of using ZIP code Community Internet Intensity Maps, we geocode individual response addresses for location improvement, assign intensities to grouped answers within 100 km2 grid cells, and generate intensity attenuation relations from the grid cell intensities. Grid cell intensity maps are less subjective and illustrate a more homogeneous intensity distribution than communal ZIP code intensity maps. Using grid cells for ground motion analysis offers an advanced method for exchanging transfrontier equal-area intensity data without sharing any personal information. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on the felt responses of two clearly felt earthquakes: the 8 September 2011 ML 4.3 (Mw 3.7) Goch (Germany) and the 22 May 2015 ML 4.2 (Mw 3.7) Ramsgate (UK) earthquakes. Both events resulted in a non-circular distribution of intensities which is not explained by geometrical amplitude attenuation alone but illustrates an important low-pass filtering due to the sedimentary cover above the Anglo-Brabant Massif and in the Lower Rhine Graben. Our study illustrates the effect of increasing bedrock depth on intensity attenuation and the importance of the WNW–ESE Caledonian structural axis of the Anglo-Brabant Massif for seismic wave propagation. Seismic waves are less attenuated – high Q – along the strike of a tectonic structure but are more strongly attenuated – low Q – perpendicular to this structure, particularly when they cross rheologically different seismotectonic units separated by crustal-rooted faults.
Determination of snowmaking efficiency on a ski slope from observations and modelling of snowmaking events and seasonal snow accumulation
Authors: Spandre Pierre , François Hugues , Thibert Emmanuel , Morin Samuel , George-Marcelpoil Emmanuelle
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The production of Machine Made (MM) snow is now generalized in ski resorts and represents the most common method of adaptation for mitigating the impact of a lack of snow on skiing. Most investigations of correlations between snow conditions and the ski industry's economy focus on the production of MM snow though not one of these has taken into account the efficiency of the snowmaking process. The present study consists of observations of snow conditions (depth and mass) using a Differential GPS method and snow density coring, following snowmaking events and seasonal snow accumulation in Les Deux Alpes ski resort (French Alps). A detailed physically based snowpack model accounting for grooming and snowmaking was used to compute the seasonal evolution of the snowpack and compared to the observations. Our results show that approximately 30 % of the water mass can be recovered as MM snow within 10 m from the center of a MM snow pile after production and 50 % within 20 m. Observations and simulations on the ski slope were relatively consistent with 60 % (±10 %) of the water mass used for snowmaking within the limits of the ski slope. Losses due to thermodynamic effects were estimated in the current case example to be less than 10 % of the total water mass. These results suggest that even in ideal conditions for production a significant fraction of the water used for snowmaking can not be found as MM snow within the limits of the ski slope with most of the missing fraction of water. This is due to site dependent characteristics (e.g. meteorological conditions, topography).
El entramado experto en la construcción de identidades en la contemporaneidad
Authors: Muriel Daniel
Published: April 2017

En este artículo exploro cómo el saber experto participa en la construcción de identidades en la contemporaneidad. Partiendo de un breve desarrollo histórico en el que conecto figuras como las del intelectual (pre)moderno con figuraciones del saber experto contemporáneo, llego a la descripción de una sociedad marcada por las racionalidades políticas del liberalismo avanzado, la etopolítica y la emergencia y consolidación de una cultura experta. De aquí se derivan tres conclusiones: primero, el principal agente del saber en la contemporaneidad es colectivo, el entrado experto; segundo, estos entramados expertos gozan de una gran capacidad de mediación gracias a su grado de penetración en todos los flancos del tejido social; tercero, el entramado experto actúa como agente constructor de realidad social equiparándose a un dispositivo que responde a una urgencia histórica —la necesidad de construir sentido en la contemporaneidad— pero sin una particular volición que guie su orientación estratégica.
Etnografía y Ciencia Política: la excepcionalidad del caso español
Authors: García Espín Patricia
Published: April 2017

Mientras que la etnografía política es una técnica crecientemente usada en el contexto internacional, ésta ha sido escasamente aprovechada por la Ciencia Política española. En este artículo, nos preguntamos, primero, qué lugar ocupa la etnografía en los estudios politológicos de nuestro país. Luego, indagamos en las causas de su posición marginal, siendo ésta una excepcionalidad en el escenario internacional. En segundo lugar, mostramos cómo la etnografía enriquecería y complementaría  a otras técnicas como la entrevista en profundidad o la encuesta, introduciendo nuevos temas de investigación, nuevos casos para estudiar problemas politológicos clásicos, y nuevos datos que son descripciones densas de los fenómenos y procesos de cambio político. Como conclusión, apostamos por la incorporación plena de la etnografía a la Ciencia Política española como medio para profundizar en el conocimiento de la cultura y los principales procesos políticos.
Participación ciudadana: de la participación en la gestión a la gestión de la participación
Authors: Cernadas Ramos Andrés , Chao Pérez Luca , Pineda Nebot Carmen
Published: April 2017

En este trabajo, realizado mediante dos encuestas llevadas a cabo en los años 2003 y 2014, se ofrecen los resultados de un estudio longitudinal en el que se analiza la evolución de la participación ciudadana en el ámbito local en Galicia a lo largo de la última década. El estudio tiene como objetivos principales: 1) analizar la evolución de la participación ciudadana en base a cuatro ejes: a) la evolución de la participación en el periodo estudiado, b) ver si la formación de un gobierno progresista durante cuatro años, después de gobiernos del Partido Popular durante más de dos décadas, había supuesto cambios sustanciales en el ámbito de la participación ciudadana, c) analizar qué mecanismos se están utilizando en la administración local en Galicia para incorporar la opinión de los ciudadanos a la toma de decisiones y en qué áreas se está produciendo, y d) explicar los porqués de los hallazgos que se fueran produciendo a lo largo de la investigación; 2) ver si la evolución de la participación en Galicia está en consonancia con otros territorios del Estado, y 3) analizar si el color político o la ideología del gobierno municipal es un elemento explicativo de los niveles de participación ciudadana.
Reconstrucciones de la identidad laboral en contextos organizacionales invivibles
Authors: Revilla Castro Juan Carlos
Published: April 2017

Las transformaciones en el mundo laboral están produciendo una crisis de las identidades vinculadas con el trabajo, en la medida en que las condiciones en que se produce desincentivan la inversión identitaria en unos referentes cada vez más inseguros, inestables, al tiempo que más demandantes en términos cuantitativos y cualitativos. La dificultad para la vinculación positiva con las identidades laborales está detrás de la preocupación de las grandes compañías por la implicación o el compromiso organizacionales, en tanto se convierte en un problema para las empresas, que cada vez más basan su control en mecanismos que involucran la voluntad subjetiva, al tiempo que cada vez ofrecen menos razones para involucrarse decididamente. Ante esta situación, los sujetos trabajadores expresan este cierto alejamiento subjetivo del trabajo y la organización de formas diversas, desde la aceptación de las demandas organizacionales, a veces con sinceridad, otras con ironía, hasta la desimplicación subjetiva más o menos oculta, pasando lógicamente por el abandono de la propia organización para buscar un empleo en otra. El objetivo de este trabajo será analizar en profundidad las respuestas, en términos de agencia, de los trabajadores a las condiciones en que desempeñan sus tareas, prestando especialmente atención a las salidas voluntarias de las organizaciones, que son quizá las que representen mejor el malestar que las nuevas formas de regulación de la subjetividad están creando. Para tal análisis se recurrirá a entrevistas que han formado parte de distintas investigaciones.
Friezes and continuant polynomials with parameters
Authors: Bazier-Matte Véronique , Racicot-Desloges David , McMillan Tanna Sánchez
Published: April 2017

Frieze patterns (in the sense of Conway and Coxeter) are related to cluster algebras of type A and to signed continuant polynomials. In view of studying certain classes of cluster algebras with coefficients, we extend the concept of signed continuant polynomial to define a new family of friezes, called c-friezes, which generalises frieze patterns. Having in mind the cluster algebras of finite type, we identify a necessary and sufficient condition for obtaining periodic c-friezes. Taking into account the Laurent phenomenon and the positivity conjecture, we present ways of generating c-friezes of integers and of positive integers. We also show some specific properties of c-friezes.
Existence of entropy solutions for some nonlinear elliptic problems involving variable exponent and measure data
Authors: Ahmedatt Taghi , Azroul Elhoussine , Hjiaj Hassane , Touzani Abdelfattah
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we study the existence of entropy solutions for some nonlinear $p(x)-$elliptic equation of the type $$Au - \mbox{div }\phi(u) + H(x,u,\nabla u) = \mu,$$ where $A$ is an operator of Leray-Lions type acting from $W_{0}^{1,p(x)}(\Omega)$ into its dual, the strongly nonlinear term $H$ is assumed only to satisfy some nonstandard growth condition with respect to $|\nabla u|,$ here $\>\phi(\cdot)\in C^{0}(I\!\!R,I\!\!R^{N})\>$ and $\mu$ belongs to ${\mathcal{M}}_{0}^{b}(\Omega)$.
Zagreb, multiplicative zagreb indices and coindices of 〖nc〗_n (k) and 〖ca〗_3 (c_6 ) graphs
Authors: Ahmadi Vida , Darafshe Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2017

Let  be a simple connected graph with vertex set V and edge set E. The first, second and third Zagreb indices of G are defind, respectivly by: ,   and   where  is the degree of vertex u in G and uv is an edge of G, connecting the vertices u and v. Recently, the first and second multiplicative Zagreb indices of graph  are defind by:  and . The first and second Zagreb coindices of graph are defind by:  and .  and , named as multiplicative Zagreb coindices. In this article, we compute the first, second and the third Zagreb indices and the first and second multiplicative Zagreb indices of some  graphs. The first and second Zagreb coindices and the first and second multiplicative Zagreb coindices of these graphs are also computed.
Existence and multiplicity of $a$-harmonic solutions for a Steklov problem with variable exponents
Authors: Zerouali Abdellah Ahmed , Karim Belhadj , Chakrone Omar
Published: April 2017

Using variational methods, we prove in a different cases the existence and multiplicity of $a$-harmonic solutions for the following elleptic problem:\begin{equation*}\begin{gathered}div(a(x, \nabla u))=0, \quad \text{in }\Omega, \\a(x, \nabla u).\nu=f(x,u), \quad \text{on } \partial\Omega,\end{gathered}\end{equation*} where $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N(N \geq 2)$ is a bounded domain ofsmooth boundary $\partial\Omega$ and $\nu$ is the outward normalvector on $\partial\Omega$. $f: \partial\Omega\times \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R},$ $a: \overline{\Omega}\times \mathbb{R}^{N} \rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{N},$ are fulfilling appropriate conditions.
Entropy solutions for nonlinear parabolic inequalities involving measure data in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev spaces
Authors: Abdeslam Talha , Benkirane Abdelmoujib , Elemine Vall Mohamed Saad Bouh
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we study an existence result of entropy solutions for some nonlinear parabolic problems in the Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev spaces.
An asymptotic expansion of continuous Wavelet transform for large dilation parameter
Authors: Pathak Ashish , Yadav Prabhat , Dixit M. M.
Published: April 2017

In this paper , we derive asymptotic expansion of the wavelet transform for large values of the dilation parameter a by using Lopez and Pagola technique. Asymptotic expansion of Mexican Hat wavelet and Morlet wavelet transform are obtained as a special cases.
Numerical bifurcation and stability analysis of an predator-prey system with generalized Holling type III functional response
Authors: Lajmiri Z. , Ghaziani Reza Khoshsiar , Guasemi M.
Published: April 2017

We perform a bifurcation analysis of a predator-prey model with Holling functional response. The analysis is carried out both analytically and numerically. We use dynamical toolbox MATCONT to perform numerical bifurcation analysis. Our bifurcation analysis of the model indicates that it exhibits numerous types of bifurcation phenomena, including fold, subcritical Hopf, cusp, Bogdanov-Takens. By starting from a Hopf bifurcation point, we approximate limit cycles which are obtained, step by step, using numerical continuation method and compute orbitally asymptotically stable periodic orbits.
Work Family Conflict on Job Satisfaction: Moderating or Direct Effect of Social Support Exist among IT Professionals?
Authors: Sang Long Choi , Ler Kuan Chan , Owee Kowang Tan , Chin Fei Goh
Published: April 2017

This paper discusses the empirical study regarding work family conflict on job satisfaction.  100 IT professionals from the Malaysian IT industry participated in this study.  Findings showed that work family conflict is negatively correlated with job satisfaction and social support.  However, social support does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between work family conflict and job satisfaction.
Internship in Greece: The Case of University of Peloponnese
Authors: Kipreos George , Dimitropoulos Panagiotis E. , Poulopoulos Vassilios
Published: April 2017

The activity of internship is indispensable to a large number of university departments in order for the students to achieve educational goals and be able to receive their degree. We present the case of University of Peloponnese and the level of satisfaction of the students who have attended internship to public and private bodies. Moreover, we present statistical information concerning the number of students and different providers that took part in the procedure of internship during the last 12 months. Finally, according to answers from students concerning the usability of internship to their career and future, despite the fact that many of them do not agree that they managed to receive a remarkable level of expertise in a specific field, a large number of them was engaged to the private companies that they were occupied to, leading to the conclusion that both the students and the companies invested in their relation.
The Cult of Dignity
Authors: Herrman C. S.
Published: April 2017

The cult of dignity is one of four stages in the development of society (with credit where due to Spencer). It is a devolution from its sister, the cult of honor. Whereas the latter introduces important institutions, the cult of dignity is a transition phase on the way to a normative dignity-based society during which individualism is excessive and its regulation defective where existing. This cult is knowable by the 1) structure of its offices; 2) the expected objective personality of its officers; 3) an ‘us v. them’ mindset, and 4) conduct that presupposes arrogance, narcissism or contempt (for victim, law and/or right).The paper also makes two assertions; first that stewardship rather than ethics is the proper label to describe the normative regulation of offices, and second, that the evolution to a dignity-based culture is the only apparent way to achieve a stewardship outlook that would stem the excesses inherent to the cult of dignity wherever found.
Expression of the Fluoroquinolones Efflux Pump Genes acrA and mdfA in Urinary Escherichia coli Isolates
Authors: ABDELHAMID SARAH M. , ABOZAHRA RANIA R.
Published: April 2017

Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent causes of urinary tract infections. Efflux system overexpression is reported to contribute to E. coli resistance to several antibiotics. Our aim in this study was to investigate the relation between antibiotic resistance and the expression of the efflux pump genes acrA and mdfA in E. coli by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. We tested the in vitro susceptibilities to 12 antibiotics in 28 clinical isolates of E. coli obtained from urine samples. We also determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations of levofloxacin to these samples. We then revealed significant correlations between the overexpression of both mdfA and acrA and MICs of levofloxacin. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the increased expression of efflux pump genes such as mdfA and acrA can lead to levofloxacin resistance in E. coli. These findings contribute to further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of efflux pump systems and how they contribute to antibiotic resistance.
Antimicrobial Effects of Platelet-rich Plasma against Selected Oral and Periodontal Pathogens
Authors: AGGOUR REHAM L. , GAMIL LINA
Published: April 2017

Antimicrobial properties of platelet rich plasma (PRP) against various microorganisms have been recently pointed out. PRP could be an alternative to conventional antibiotics in preventing oral and periodontal infections. We examined whether PRP has in vitro antimicrobial properties against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prophyromonas gingivalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were obtained from whole blood of 10 healthy volunteers and 10 periodontitis patients. In vitro laboratory susceptibility was carried out using the modified agar diffusion method by measuring the diameters of inhibition zones on agar plates coated with selected microbial strains. Both calcium chloride (CaCl2) activated and non activated samples were tested. Both activated PRP and PPP, of both patients and controls, effectively inhibited the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and C. albicans. However, a statistically significant difference in favor of PRP was found indicating more susceptibility to PRP than PPP (p < 0.05). Non activated PRP and PPP exhibited negative zones of inhibition against the studied microorganisms. There was no activity against S. aureus. No statistically significant difference was found between the antimicrobial effects of PRP and/or PPP obtained from patients and controls (p > 0.05). We conclude that PRP is a potentially useful substance against oral and periodontal pathogens. Activated PRP was found to be more active than activated PPP and the activation of coagulation is a fundamental step. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of PRP and/or PPP seems not to be affected by periodontitis.
A Comparative Study: Taxonomic Grouping of Alkaline Protease Producing Bacilli
Authors: TEKIN NILGUN , CIHAN ARZU COLERI , KARACA BASAR , COKMUS CUMHUR
Published: April 2017

Alkaline proteases have biotechnological importance due to their activity and stability at alkaline pH. 56 bacteria, capable of growing under alkaline conditions were isolated and their alkaline protease activities were carried out at different parameters to determine their optimum alkaline protease production conditions. Seven isolates were showed higher alkaline protease production capacity than the reference strains. The highest alkaline protease producing isolates (103125 U/g), E114 and C265, were identified as Bacillus licheniformis with 99.4% and Bacillus mojavensis 99.8% based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. Interestingly, the isolates identified as Bacillus safensis were also found to be high alkaline protease producing strains. Genotypic characterizations of the isolates were also determined by using a wide range of molecular techniques (ARDRA, ITS-PCR, (GTG)5-PCR, BOX-PCR). These different techniques allowed us to differentiate the alkaliphilic isolates and the results were in concurrence with phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA genes. While ITS-PCR provided the highest correlation with 16S rRNA groups, (GTG)5-PCR showed the highest differentiation at species and intra-species level. In this study, each of the biotechnologically valuable alkaline protease producing isolates was grouped into their taxonomic positions with multi-genotypic analyses.
Dipicolinic Acid Release and the Germination of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris Spores under Nutrient Germinants
Authors: PORĘBSKA IZABELA , SOKOŁOWSKA BARBARA , WOŹNIAK ŁUKASZ
Published: April 2017

The presence of Alicyclobacillus, a thermoacidophilic and spore-forming bacterium, in acidic fruit juices poses a serious problem for the processing industry. A typical sign of spoilage in contaminated juices is a characteristic phenolic off-flavour associated with the production of guaiacol. Spores are formed in response to starvation and in a natural environment re-access the nutrients, e.g.: L-alanine and AGFK – a mixture of asparagine, glucose, fructose and potassium, triggers germination. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of L-alanine and AGFK on the germination of the spores of two Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris strains and to evaluate the relationship of the germination rate with dipicolinic acid (DPA) release. The spores were suspended in apple juice or in buffers at pH 4 and pH 7, followed by the addition of L-alanine and AGFK. Suspensions were or were not subjected, to a temperature of 80°C/10 min and incubated for various periods of time at 45°C. Optical density (OD660) was used to estimate the number of germinated spores. The amount of DPA released was determined using HPLC. The results indicate that the degree of germination of A. acidoterrestris spores depended on the strain and time of incubation and the nutritious compounds used. The data obtained show that the amount of DPA released correlated to the number of A. acidoterrestris spores germinated.
Microbial Biomass and Enzymatic Activity of the Surface Microlayer and Subsurface Water in Two Dystrophic Lakes
Authors: KOSTRZEWSKA-SZLAKOWSKA IWONA , KIERSZTYN BARTOSZ
Published: April 2017

Nutrient and organic matter concentration, microbial biomass and activities were studied at the surface microlayers (SML) and subsurface waters (SSW) in two small forest lakes of different water colour. The SML in polyhumic lake is more enriched with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (0.141 mg l–1) than that of oligohumic lake (0.124 mg l–1), the former also contains higher levels of total nitrogen (2.66 mg l–1). Higher activities of lipase (Vmax 2290 nmol l–1 h–1 in oligo- and 6098 in polyhumic) and glucosidase (Vmax 41 nmol l–1 h–1 in oligo- and 49 in polyhumic) were in the SMLs in both lakes. Phosphatase activity was higher in the oligohumic SML than in SSW (Vmax 632 vs. 339 nmol l–1 h–1) while in polyhumic lake was higher in SSW (Vmax 2258 nmol l–1 h–1 vs. 1908 nmol l–1 h–1). Aminopeptidase activity in the SSW in both lakes was higher than in SMLs (Vmax 2117 in oligo- and 1213 nmol l–1 h–1 in polyhumic). It seems that solar radiation does inhibit neuston microbial community as a whole because secondary production and the share of active bacteria in total bacteria number were higher in SSW. However, in the oligohumic lake the abundance of bacteria in the SML was always higher than in the SSW (4.07 vs. 2.69 × 106 cells ml–1) while in the polyhumic lake was roughly equal (4.48 vs. 4.33 × 106 cells ml–1) in both layers. Results may also suggest that surface communities are not supplemented by immigration from bulk communities. The SML of humic lakes may act as important sinks for allochthonous nutrient resources and may then generate considerable energy pools for microbial food webs.
Suppressive Effect of Trichoderma spp. on toxigenic Fusarium species
Authors: BŁASZCZYK LIDIA , BASIŃSKA-BARCZAK ANETA , ĆWIEK-KUPCZYŃSKA HANNA , GROMADZKA KAROLINA , POPIEL DELFINA , STĘPIEŃ ŁUKASZ
Published: April 2017

The aim of the present study was to examine the abilities of twenty-four isolates belonging to ten different Trichoderma species (i.e., Trichoderma atroviride, Trichoderma citrinoviride, Trichoderma cremeum, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningiopsis, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma longipile, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma viridescens) to inhibit the mycelial growth and mycotoxin production by five Fusarium strains (i.e., Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium cerealis, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium temperatum). Dual-culture bioassay on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium clearly documented that all of the Trichoderma strains used in the study were capable of influencing the mycelial growth of at least four of all five Fusarium species on the fourth day after co-inoculation, when there was the first apparent physical contact between antagonist and pathogen. The qualitative evaluation of the interaction between the colonies after 14 days of co-culturing on PDA medium showed that ten Trichoderma strains completely overgrew and sporulated on the colony at least one of the tested Fusarium species. Whereas, the microscopic assay provided evidence that only T. atroviride AN240 and T. viride AN255 formed dense coils around the hyphae of the pathogen from where penetration took place. Of all screened Trichoderma strains, T. atroviride AN240 was also found to be the most efficient (69–100% toxin reduction) suppressors of mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, beauvericin, moniliformin) production by all five Fusarium species on solid substrates. This research suggests that T. atroviride AN240 can be a promising candidate for the biological control of toxigenic Fusarium species.