bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multilingual Scholarly Publishing: Exploring the Perceptions, Attitudes, and Experiences of Plurilingual Scholars in Foreign Language Publication
Authors: Schnell Bettina
Published: May 2024

In numerous disciplines, English holds the status of an academic lingua franca, with many scholars, especially in natural sciences, medicine, and engineering designating English as their default academic language. However, the increasing dominance of English in academia has prompted a growing interest in multilingual publishing, bringing forth a substantial body of research echoing the challenges and experiences faced by scholars attempting to publish their research in a foreign language, particularly when targeting top-tier journals. There is an ongoing debate regarding the assumption that native speakers enjoy a privileged position in academic publishing compared to non-native speakers. This debate notwithstanding, there exists a consensus that more research is needed to explore multilingual academic publishing.
Hence, this study responds to the imperative for further research on academic publishing in non-native languages. It endeavors to elucidate the challenges encountered by plurilingual scholars when publishing their research in a foreign language and investigates the influence of the foreign language on their writing practices.
The study is based on a self-administered survey conducted among plurilingual translation scholars and linguists. Data are collected by a semi-structured questionnaire that comprises questions regarding foreign language competence, languages of publishing, motivations for publishing in a foreign language, the writing and revision process, as well as the peer review process. 
This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the perceptions and experiences of plurilingual scholars, drawing upon insights derived from the survey questionnaire. The findings indicate the imperative of an author-centric publication process tailored to address the challenges faced by non-native authors. Additionally, there is a necessity for more transparency and fairness in the peer-review process for submissions in a foreign language. The conclusions drawn from the study aim to foster linguistic inclusivity, advocating for the recognition and promotion of multilingualism within the scholarly publishing landscape.
S’imposer sans s’opposer. Diplomatie à la frontière dans le déploiement de la pharmacie clinique en psychiatrie
Authors: Lancelevée Camille , Moreau Delphine , Nouguez Étienne , Tartour Tonya
Published: May 2024

L’article a pour objet le déploiement d’activités dites de pharmacie clinique dans un établissement spécialisé en psychiatrie. Ces activités, qui visent l’amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des prescriptions en favorisant l’intégration des pharmacien·nes hospitalier·es au sein des équipes de soin, constituent un empiétement potentiel du territoire du pharmacien sur celui du médecin prescripteur. L’article montre comment les pharmacien·nes accompagnent ce déploiement par des activités de diplomatie qu’iels mènent à la frontière de leur juridiction avec celle des médecins, et ce afin d’éviter d’éventuelles tensions et favoriser leur réception. Nous définissons cette diplomatie comme une manière de s’imposer dans les équipes de soin, en mettant en avant sa plus-value dans la décision clinique, sans s’opposer frontalement à la prééminence des médecins dans ces équipes, en déminant les sources potentielles de conflits de juridiction ou d’autorité. Nous montrons que cette diplomatie se déploie à la fois dans les interactions de face à face entre les professionnel·les de santé et dans des dispositifs institutionnels qui encadrent et pérennisent ces activités.
Regulating Slavery: The Bawi Question in Colonial Lushai Hills
Authors: Muivah Yaruipam
Published: May 2024

This paper tries to understand the process by which the colonial government in the province of Assam “resolved” the slavery question in its frontier areas in the early twentieth-century. It argues that the use of semantics, especially the language of law was crucial in recasting the master-slave relationship into a contractual bond. Such transformations allowed most of the traditional rights of the master over their slaves to be kept intact, while allowing the relationship to outlive colonial rule.
What is Manumission? A Manumittee-Centric Model of the Manumission Process in Eighteenth-Century Surinam
Authors: Fatah-Black Karwan , Koning Camilla de , Negrón Ramona
Published: May 2024

Manumission is the release from slavery, and therefore, a transition from the most extreme form of subjugation into another position and status in society. Some historians have defined manumission as a formal act, often understood as a gift that severed the bond between slave and master. More recently researchers have emphasized that it was a lengthy process that involved pre-existing dependencies and resulted in new hierarchies. This article takes a fresh look at the process and tries to gain a fuller understanding of manumission by examining it from the position of the manumitted and their social relations.Taking into consideration a wide range of documentary sources from colonial, notarial and Dutch governmental archives, we reconstruct the dependencies that were created in the process of manumission. The dependencies that evolved during manumission processes were related to family and other kinship ties, but also had an urban, communal, religious, economic and institutional logic. Manumission was not only an act at a specific moment, but also a process, and it was not a bilateral, but a multilateral one. With the instrument of manumission and within the limits set by economic reality and the colonial government, the manumittees tried to make meaningful life choices that transformed slave society profoundly. We find that they created complex dependencies across boundaries of status and racial categorization.
La territorialisation du quick commerce à travers le cas des dark stores à Paris
Authors: Schirrer Maxime , Nahay Erika , Phan Lise
Published: May 2024

La transformation des modes de consommation liée au développement des plateformes numériques a profondément impacté les formes de commercialité en ville. Le présent article s’appuie sur l’étude des dark stores pour analyser les répercussions du quick commerce dans l’espace public avec l’émergence de nouveaux usages. Si la réglementation a peiné à s’ajuster afin d’encadrer cette nouvelle activité, la matérialité des plateformes numériques est pour le coup immédiatement visible et interroge la capacité de la ville à intégrer de nouvelles activités économiques.
Accurate Estimation of Mechanical Properties in PMC Milling
Authors: Di Bella Guido , El Bahaoui Jalal , Chairi Mohamed
Published: May 2024

In contrast to traditional materials, polymer matrix-based composites (PMCs) have become increasingly popular due to their versatility in a wide range of industrial applications. These composites possess the necessary properties and offer endless possibilities for construction and composite levels. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the machining process for composite materials with a polymer matrix. It will cover the machining procedures involved and shed light on the challenges faced during this process. These challenges encompass the varying properties of the composites, their complex structural composition, and the difficulty in achieving high-quality surface finishes. Furthermore, the chapter delves into various research studies that have addressed different aspects of polymer matrix-based composites. These studies include investigations into material handling and properties, encompassing physical, mechanical, electrical, thermal, and tribological characteristics.
Efficient Machining Strategies for Polymer Matrix Composites
Authors: Ranjan Chikesh , Singh Ritesh , Kumar Kaushik
Published: May 2024

Efficient machining strategies for polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are integral to modern manufacturing, navigating the intricate challenges posed by these advanced materials. This chapter delves into a comprehensive exploration of machining methodologies tailored specifically for PMCs, emphasizing optimization techniques crucial for precision and productivity. It delves into the nuances of tool selection, cutting parameters, and novel approaches to mitigate damage while enhancing machining efficacy. Innovative advancements in tooling technologies and adaptive machining processes are scrutinized to address the unique characteristics of PMCs. The chapter underscores the significance of sustainable practices within machining, focusing on waste reduction, energy efficiency, and environmentally conscious methodologies to align with contemporary manufacturing standards.
Advanced Polycrystalline Diamond Coatings on Cutting Tools for CFRP Composites
Authors: Chandrasekaran Senthilkumar , E. Devaraj
Published: May 2024

This review chapter focuses on enhancing the cutting performance of diamond-coated tools when machining CFRP composite materials. The enhancement is achieved by utilizing advanced polycrystalline diamond coatings on WC-Co-based cutting tools. Additionally, a proposed reconditioning method for these diamond-coated tools is discussed. The chapter elaborates on a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique for preparing diamond coatings with various film morphologies, achieved through boron doping. It covers the fundamentals, equipment used, deposition parameters, and substrate pretreatment techniques involved in the HFCVD method. Furthermore, it explores the strategy of improving interface adhesion by doping chemical elements into diamond coatings.
Understanding the Influence of Machining Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Matrix Composites
Authors: Hasan Mohd Faizul , Gupta Maheshwar Dayal , Shukla Gaurav , Shukla Shubham
Published: May 2024

Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) represent a class of advanced materials that have gained widespread attention and adoption across various industries due to their exceptional mechanical properties and versatility in applications. Understanding the full spectrum of mechanical properties and their interplay with other material characteristics is essential for optimizing the performance of PMCs in various real-world applications. This chapter offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between machining parameters and the mechanical properties of PMCs. The scope of this chapter encompasses an in-depth exploration of various mechanical properties relevant to machining, including tensile strength, modulus, flexural strength, impact resistance, shear strength, fatigue resistance, and creep behavior. It explores the underlying mechanisms behind the alterations in mechanical properties. Furthermore, the chapter highlights strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of machining on the mechanical properties of PMCs.
The Impact of AI on Sustainability
Authors: Begum Arshiya , Naim Arshi , Sabahath Asfia
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly popular in various businesses in recent years. AI has ‎proven to be an effective tool for enhancing efficiency and decision-making across industries, from ‎healthcare to finance. However, sustainability is the area in which AI is having a huge impact is ‎sustainability. AI has the potential to transform the way we think about sustainability. AI can find ‎trends and make predictions based on massive amounts of data, allowing us to understand better and ‎handle environmental challenges. For example, artificial intelligence (AI) can analyze weather ‎patterns and predict natural disasters, allowing for improved disaster preparedness and response. It ‎can also be utilized in industries like manufacturing and transportation to optimize energy usage and ‎eliminate waste.‎
Cloud Computing Adoption for Small and Medium Enterprises in Engineering and Environmental Aspects
Authors: Abirami S. , C. Santosh K. , Somasundaram R. , S. Kavitha K. , Patil Harshita Gangadhar , Myilsamy Sureshkumar
Published: May 2024

Cloud computing is revolutionizing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by offering cost savings, scalability, collaboration, and security. However, it also presents challenges like security concerns, regulatory compliance, and migration complexities. The chapter explores the adoption of cloud technologies in engineering domains like CAD/CAM, simulation, project management, and remote monitoring, highlighting their role in enhancing efficiency and innovation. It also discusses the environmental impact of cloud computing, highlighting its potential to reduce carbon emissions through energy-efficient data centers and sustainable practices. The chapter provides case studies and best practices for SMEs to embrace cloud computing while navigating environmental responsibilities and identifies future trends in integrating cloud computing with emerging technologies and sustainable infrastructure.
Assessment of Water Quality Using Multi-Layered Mamdani Fuzzy Inference Expert System
Authors: Ahmad Gulzar , Aqeel Sehrish , Zafar Zobia , Fatima Kanza
Published: May 2024

In this chapter, a new multi-layered mamdani fuzzy inference system (ML-MFIS) is proposed for the assessment of water quality (AWQ). The proposed AWQ-ML-MFIS expert system can categorize the level of water quality into excellent, normal, or dangerous for health (polluted). AWQ-ML-MFIS expert system for drinking water is developed by the guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and Pakistan's Punjab environmental quality standard. AWQ-ML-MFIS expert system uses input water parameters such as bacterial, physical, chemical, and radioactive for different layers. The chemical parameters are further divided into essential inorganics, toxic inorganics, and organics. This chapter also analyses the intensities of the parameters and the results achieved by using the proposed AWQ-ML-MFIS expert system. All these parameters and results are discussed with the experts of the Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Lahore. The accuracy of the proposed AWQ-ML-MFIS Expert System is more accurate as compared to others approaches used for it.
The Influence of Artificial Intelligence Technology on the Optimization of the Teaching Model of Higher Education in the Context of the Pandemic
Authors: Xiang Kaiyu , Zhu Yuanyuan
Published: May 2024

The environment of the epidemic is a life changer for everyone, and specifically for the educational system is progress. In order to overcome the challenges in the educational system, this study proposes a new intelligent approach to teaching and learning. Teaching plays a vital role in higher education and can be advanced by utilising certain tools and technologies such as internet enabled mobile applications, automated scheduling of courses, assessment etc. The Emergency Distance Learning Methodology (EDLM) is proposed to improve the teaching-learning process by implementing artificial intelligence. Comparing the proposed system with the existing qualitative response analysis methods, it is observed that the proposed system provides 98.56% accuracy over the existing models. This study aims to assess the optimisation of teaching and learning models in higher education.
Application and Research of Key Technologies of Big Data for Agriculture
Authors: Yang Lei , Ye Huijuan
Published: May 2024

With the rapid development of science and technology, advanced technical means such as information technology have been widely used in various fields of society, realizing the reform and innovation in different fields. Mage data technology, Internet, cloud computing technology and so on have changed people's production and lifestyle, and society has entered a new era of mage data. Combined with the current situation of agricultural development, we should create a mage data training base for enterprises, build a perfect training system, carry out cooperation with colleges and universities, vigorously introduce professional talents, and spare no effort to promote the effective application of mage data technology in the agricultural field. This paper analyzes the importance of the application of mage data technology in the agricultural field, mage data mining analysis provides decision support, and the specific application of mage data technology in the agricultural field. Finally, through k-means algorithm, the industrial scale can be increased to more than 75%.
Sunflower root growth and distribution under varied water regimes in two edaphoclimatic conditions
Authors: Loose Luis Henrique , Heldwein Arno Bernardo , Silva Jocélia Rosa da , Leonardi Mateus , Bortoluzzi Mateus Possebon , Lucas Dionéia Daiane Pitol
Published: May 2024

Sunflower growth is adversely impacted by both excess and insufficient water. Research on root growth in this crop under water stress conditions remains limited and does not fully elucidate the plant's response to varying soil and climatic conditions. This study aimed to determine root growth, depth, and distribution of sunflower plants under different water stress conditions, such as deficit or excess, in two soil classes and sown during two distinct periods. Experiments were conducted after sowing at the beginning of September (first crop season) and at the beginning of January (second crop season) in an Ultisol (Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil) and an Oxisol (Panambi, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil). Water condition treatments applied from stage V6 included control, water deficit, and water excess. Roots were collected using an auger drill during the first crop season. The variables analyzed comprised root length density and accumulated root within the soil profile. During the second crop season, sunflower roots were visually assessed in the soil profile after trench excavation. Root system depth and root dry mass were evaluated during both sowing periods. Results indicated that sunflower root penetration is deeper in Ultisol than in Oxisol. Water deficit promotes root depth, while water excess promotes root growth near the surface. Sowing during the first crop season results in deeper root penetration and higher root dry mass production compared to the second crop season.
Nonlinear regression models for estimating linseed growth, with proposals for data collection
Authors: Peripolli Mariane , Dal'Col Lúcio Alessandro , Lambrecht Darlei Michalski , Sgarbossa Jaqueline , Engers Lana Bruna de Oliveira , Lopes Sidinei José , Bosco Leosane Cristina , Becker Dislaine
Published: May 2024

Nonlinear regression models represent an alternative way to describe plant growth. In this study, we aimed to model the growth of linseed using four methods for data collection (longitudinal, mean, random, and cross-sectional) and fitting the logistic and Von Bertalanffy nonlinear regression models. The data came from experiments conducted between 2014 and 2020 in the municipality of Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The study had a randomized block design, with experimental units consisting of six lines, 5.0 m long and 3.0 m wide, containing the varieties and cultivars of linseed with four replicates. We performed weekly assessments of the number of secondary stems and plant height and measured total dry mass fortnightly. After tabulation, the data were analyzed using the four methods, and the logistic and Von Bertalanffy models were fitted. The logistic model for the plant height variable exhibited the best performance using the longitudinal, mean, and cross-sectional methods. It was an alternative approach that reduced the time and labor required to conduct the experiment.
Future-ready crops, genetic variability in lima bean seeds
Authors: Souza Jardel da Silva , Rodrigues Lais Nóbrega , Ferreira Laís Thomaz , Unêda-Trevisoli Sandra Helena , Nascimento Naysa Flávia Ferreira do
Published: May 2024

Lima bean cultivation has not received proper national and regional attention by research agencies, impairing the knowledge of the agronomic characteristics and its potential, information that is essential for the selection and launching of superior genotypes. The objective of this work was to characterize the seeds of 17 lima bean genotypes produced by family farmers in Paraíba State. The characterization was based on the descriptors for Phaseolus lunatus. A completely randomized design was used with 15 replicates. Data were submitted to analysis of variance with a subsequent grouping of means by the Scott-Knott test at 1% of probability. For analysis of the genetic diversity, the Tocher method was used based on the generalized Mahalanobis distance. There is variability among the genotypes. According to the means test, genotype 10 has a higher seed length, width, and weight. Considering the diversity among the groups and aiming to select light-colored and higher means of the evaluated traits, the selection of genotypes 8, 13, 4, and 10 is recommended to establish a breeding program that satisfies both the consumer and the producer.
Genetic characterization of Zeyheria tuberculosa progenies and evaluation for formation of a seed orchard
Authors: Assunção Raul Reis , Silva Júnior Adelson Lemes da , Almeida Rodolfo Soares de , Carvalho Dulcinéia de , Melo Lucas Amaral de
Published: May 2024

Zeyheria tuberculosa, a native species of Brazil known for its significant potential in silviculture and genetic improvement, holds prominence among various species. In this study, our objective was to assess the diversity, genetic structure, and feasibility of establishing a seedling seed orchard (SSO) for this species. A total of 71 progenies were collected from different locations and were used in our experiment in Ijaci - MG. We genotyped 92 individuals (nine families with eight individuals, two families with seven individuals, and one family with six individuals), specifically selecting those with the highest predicted genetic values, using ten ISSR primers. The molecular markers employed effectively detected polymorphism (PIC = 0.44). The population exhibited moderate to high genetic diversity, as evidenced by observed (AO = 2.00) and effective alleles (AE = 1.61), Nei's diversity index (H* = 0.35), and Shannon's diversity index (I* = 0.52). Molecular variance analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the progenies (Φst = 0.19), yet the majority of the variation was observed within them (80.1%). Employing a Bayesian approach, we identified the formation of two distinct genetic groups, further confirming the non-genetic structure of the population. These findings affirm the potential of the Z. tuberculosa progenies to contribute to the establishment of a seedling seed orchard, supporting genetic improvement strategies and the conservation of the species' genetic diversity.
Spacial distribution and suitability for Panonychus ulmi (Tetranychidae) in Brazil
Authors: Corrêa Luiz Liberato Costa , Silva Darliane Evangelho , Nascimento Joseane Moreira do , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de , Johann Liana , Ferla Noeli Juarez
Published: May 2024

Predictive studies project the geographic distribution of species and can be used to infer climatic niches. However, only a few studies have been conducted on mites. This approach helps map areas with potential for the occurrence of endemic, threatened, or potentially invasive species. Panonychus ulmi (Tetranychidae) is of global economic importance, commonly associated with apple orchards and grapevines. Potential distribution modeling is used to predict areas with environmental suitability for the distribution of a species and/or group. Considering that predictive models on national or regional scales present better data reliability, the present study aimed to analyze the distribution of P. ulmi in Brazil through bioclimatic inferences. The presence of species, bioclimatic variables, and MaxEnt algorithm were used to define a predictive model. The median performance rate of the model was 0.992, indicating its robustness. The variable that made the greatest contribution to the model was the average temperature of the coldest quarter (Bio11). The predictive model of the ecological niche indicated that the southern region of Brazil is environmentally favorable for the adaptation of this mite. The data obtained helped us understand the geographical distribution of P. ulmi in Brazil, and climatically suitable areas for its occurrence were inferred. We believe that this tool can offer indirect assistance to the agricultural sector, especially the producers of apples and grapes in Brazil regarding the presence of P. ulmi.
Estimation of Catchment Parameters of Snyder's Synthetic Method for Water Resources Planning and Flood Management in Sri Lanka
Authors: Iresh A. D. S. , Dilthara G. W. A. S. , Sugeeshwara S. P. C.
Published: May 2024

Snyder's synthetic unit hydrograph method is widely recognized for synthesizing unit hydrographs. This paper illustrates a study demonstrating how to estimate catchment parameters using Snyder's synthetic method for hydro-meteorological stations maintained by the Irrigation Department and its application to Sri Lanka. Updated Snyder's Unit Hydrograph parameters, including coefficient accounting for flood wave and storage condition (Cp) and coefficient representing variations of catchment slop and storage (Ct) for 15 river gauge stations spread across the island, have been presented in this paper. The Cp values vary from 0.22 to 0.7, and the Ct values vary from 0.48 to 5.76. Updating the Snyder parameters is a long-term requirement, and these values can be used to update the previous values estimated in 1980.
From the Editor....
Authors: Karunananda P. A. K.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Score Predicts Survival Benefit of Immunotherapy in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kang Da Hyun , Choi Chang-Min , Park Cheol-Kyu , Oh In-Jae , Kim Young-Chul , Yoon Seong Hoon , Kim Yoonjoo , Lee Jeong Eun
Published: May 2024

Background: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with advanced lung cancer is increasing. Despite ongoing studies to predict the efficacy of ICIs, its use in clinical practice remains difficult. Thus, we aimed to discover a predictive marker by analyzing blood cell characteristics and developing a scoring system for patients treated with ICIs.Methods: This was a prospective multicenter study in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received ICIs as second-line treatment from June 2021 to November 2022. Blood cell parameters in routine blood samples were evaluated using an automated hematology analyzer. Immune checkpoint inhibitor score (IChIS) was calculated as the sum of neutrophil count score and immature granulocyte score.Results: A total of 143 patients from four institutions were included. The treatment response was as follows: partial response, 8.4%; stable disease, 37.1%; and progressive disease, 44.8%. Median progression-free survival and overall survival after ICI treatment was 3.0 and 8.3 months, respectively. Median progression-free survival in patients with an IChIS of 0 was 4.0 months, which was significantly longer than 1.9 months in patients with an IChIS of 1 and 1.0 month in those with an IChIS of 2 (p=0.001). The median overall survival in patients with an IChIS of 0 was 10.2 months, which was significantly longer than 6.8 and 1.8 months in patients with an IChIS of 1 and 2, respectively (p<0.001).Conclusion: Baseline IChIS could be a potential biomarker for predicting survival benefit of immunotherapy in NSCLC.
Subgingival Microbiota and Periodontal Clinical Status in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Orozco-Molina Grissel , Casillas-Santana Miguel , Flores-Ledesma Abigailt , Martínez-Arroniz Fernando , Castan[Combining Tilde]eda-Saucedo Eduardo , Martínez-Aguilar Víctor , Diaz-Zuñiga Andrés , León-Dorantes Gladys , Arreguin-Cano Juan Antonio
Published: May 2024

Plaque Psoriasis (PP) and periodontitis are inflammatory disorders with a bidirectional association. They both have a qualitatively similar immune-modulatory cascade, cytokine profile, and a recently described dysbiosis. Different oral bacterial species compositions in the periodontal pocket might play a role in the development of PP. To describe the subgingival microbiota of the Mexican population with PP and the periodontal conditions. Subjects were divided into two groups: periodontal health (PH) (PH-non-PP, PH-PP) and periodontitis (PD) (P-non-PP, PD-PP). Following clinical examination, the patients were classified into three groups according to the degree of psoriasis as measured by the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and the periodontal status according to the parameters of the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP). Subgingival microbiota samples of each patient were used to determine 40 species of periodontal bacteria by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. IL-2 and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. Of the forty-eight patients with PP, 21 patients had PH and 27 patients had PD. PD-PP group has a significant increase in the percentage of plaque, gingival redness, pocket probing depth, and clinical attachment loss (P<0.001) compared to PH-PP group. Microbiologically PD-PP exhibited significantly higher mean counts for A. georgiae, A. israelii, A. naeslundii from blue complex (P<0.001) than PD-non-PP. Moreover, the counts of these Actinomyces in PD-PP increased according to the severity of index PASI. The concentration of IL-2 and IL-6 were increased in saliva from PH-PP and PD-PP patients compared to PH non-PP. PP individuals harbored a particular sub-gingival microbiota profile different from non-PP. The severity of psoriasis was related to dysbiosis of microbiota —PASI > 5 related to periodontitis with the predominance of Actinomyces periodontal, irrespective of their periodontal condition. Finally, the severity of psoriasis could be unbalanced in subgingival microbiota and increase the risk to develop periodontitis.
Prevalence of Occupational Hand Eczema among Healthcare Workers and its Associated Risk Factors in a Tertiary Hospital in Sarawak During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Teo Hock G. , Lim Tzyy H. , Bujang Mohamad A. , Kiing Jiu W. , Muniandy Pubalan
Published: May 2024

Background:

Occupational hand eczema (OHE) is common among healthcare workers (HCWs), especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Aims:

Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of OHE among HCWs and to identify its associated risk factors.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire study was done. It was followed by a clinical assessment of subjects with skin changes on their hands to determine the likely cause and its severity. Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were performed to determine the prevalence of OHE and its associated risk factors.

Results:

A total of 1004 HCWs with a mean age of 34.58 years old were recruited. Of these, 50.1% were nurses, another 24.6% were doctors. A 1-year prevalence of 42.3% and a point prevalence of 16.5% were reported. Dry skin (n = 368, 86.6%) and itching (n = 274, 64.5%) were the common symptoms. Risk factors that were significantly associated with OHE were atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, frequent hand washing and caring for children under four years old, whereas HCWs who frequently use alcoholic disinfectant and moisturizer hand cream showed lower odds of OHE. No significant association was found between age, gender, profession, involvement in COVID-19 care, number or duration of glove usage and occurrence of hand eczema.

Conclusions:

We report a high prevalence of OHE among HCWs during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Education and effective preventive measures are paramount to prevent and improve occupational dermatosis.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Propranolol versus Atenolol in Inducing Clinical Clearance in the Treatment of Infantile Haemangioma
Authors: Ashraf Raihan , Mahajan Rahul , Malik Muneer A. , Handa Sanjeev , Sinha Anindita , De Dipankar , Sachdeva Naresh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Despite the excellent clinical efficacy of oral propranolol in the management of infantile haemangiomas (IHs), there is a need to further evaluate other beta blockers that may be equally efficacious but result in lesser adverse effects. We compared the efficacy and short-term safety of atenolol, a hydrophilic cardio-selective beta blocker, with propranolol, in the treatment of IHs.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty patients with complicated and/or cosmetically significant IHs were randomised into two groups, oral propranolol group (2 mg/kg/day) and the oral atenolol (1 mg/kg/day) group, respectively, for 9 months. Patients were assessed clinically, by the use of Doppler ultrasonography (USG) and measurement of serum hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α).

Results:

Twenty-two of 30 patients achieved complete clearance in the propranolol group (0.73; 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.87) compared with 13 of 25 patients in the atenolol group (0.52; 95% CI = 0.31 to 0.72). The mean time to achieve Physician Global Assessment Score 5 (PGA5) (25.00 ± 8.87 weeks) was significantly lesser in the propranolol group versus the atenolol group (31.69 ± 7.01 weeks; log-rank = 0.04). The two groups were comparable in terms of adverse effect profile, degree of volume reduction in USG and reduction in HIF-1α levels.

Conclusions:

Propranolol (2 mg/kg/day) is better than atenolol (1 mg/kg/day) in inducing complete clinical clearance of IH although the results need to be reproduced in larger studies.
A Case of Naevoid Blaschkoid Psoriasis in a Two-Year-Old Child
Authors: Mondal Nirjhar , Das Somnath , Gayen Tirthankar , Mandal Sudip
Published: May 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disorder characterised by well-demarcated erythematous plaque with micaceous scale. Naevoid Blaschkoid psoriasis is an unusual subtype that occurs along Blaschko lines. A two-year-old boy presented with erythematous scaly lesions distributed along the lines of Blaschko over the bilateral upper limb, the front of the chest, back, and the right lower limb. The lesions appeared four months ago and slowly progressed. There was no history of trauma, no skin lesions in other parts of the body, and no significant family history. Nail and mucosa were normal. Histopathology showed psoriasiform dermatitis with characteristics of psoriasis. The child was treated with topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream. Naevoid Blaschkoid psoriasis, in the absence of psoriatic lesion elsewhere on the body, is a rare manifestation. It has striking similarity with inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN), both clinically and histologically. Naevoid psoriasis usually presents late, is asymptomatic or mildly pruritic, progresses rapidly, and responds favourably to antipsoriatic treatment. In contrast, ILVEN presents early, is intensely pruritic, slowly progressive, and is usually refractory to antipsoriatic treatment. Histologically, ILVEN demonstrates abruptly alternating areas of hypergranulosis with orthokeratosis, and parakeratosis with agranulosis. An inflammatory infiltrate is present in the upper dermis. Psoriasis presents with papillomatosis, acanthosis, and parakeratosis with absent or minimal granular layer. Immunohistochemical staining can be done in such doubtful cases. Involucrin would be detectable in psoriasis, but it is absent in ILVEN. Pathogenesis of linear psoriasis is unknown but might be explained by the concept of genetic mosaicism. Although rare, there have been a few reported cases of linear psoriasis occurring in early childhood.
Serum Elafin as a Potential Marker of Disease Activity in Behçet's Disease
Authors: Kutlay Armagan , Kose Afet Akdag
Published: May 2024

Background:

Elafin is a serine protease inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties. It is expressed in various epithelial tissues with increased production under inflammatory conditions. Increased tissue elafin expression in Behçet's disease (BD) lesions has previously been demonstrated.

Aims and Objectives:

We hypothesised that serum elafin might be increased in patients with BD and aimed to assess the relationship of serum elafin with disease activity and organ involvement in BD.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-four BD patients (29 active, 25 inactive) and 30 healthy controls were included in this single-centre case-control study. Serum elafin was measured using ELISA. Complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) tests were also performed.

Results:

Serum elafin levels were significantly higher in patients with BD (1.58 ± 0.47 ng/ml, range: 0.67–2.96) compared to controls (1.10 ± 0.28 ng/ml, range: 0.65–1.49) (P < 0.001). Patients with active BD had higher elafin levels than patients with inactive BD (P = 0.008). Active arthritis was associated with an increase in elafin (P = 0.012), while the presence of mucocutaneous symptoms was not. Serum elafin correlated significantly with ESR (P = 0.001). The ideal cut-off value for the diagnosis of BD was determined as 1.24 ng/ml with a sensitivity and specificity of 72.2% and 70.0%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Serum elafin is significantly increased in patients with BD. It may serve as a marker of disease activity, especially articular involvement.
A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Profile of Primary Extra Mammary Paget's Disease in Skin of Colour: A Case Series
Authors: Dhar Subhra , Gupta Divya , Chakraborty Aditi , Malakar Rajib , Dhar Sandipan
Published: May 2024

Extramammary Paget's disease is an intraepithelial neoplasm, usually found in areas rich in apocrine gland concentration. The clinical features, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and management details of five patients (F = 3, M = 2) have been described here. While a well-defined persistent plaque with crusting and erosion was the most common presentation, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation and depigmentation were also observed in two patients. Characteristic Paget's cells with cytokeratin 7 and EMA positivity were seen on histopathology examination. Authors conclude that pigmentary alterations may be under-reported in extra mammary Paget's disease in the skin of colour.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology for Breast Lump by Yokohama System for Reporting and Its Correlation with Histomorphology
Authors: Taur Nikita , Soni R. R. , Deshmukh Anil T. , Chaukade Sonal
Published: May 2024

Background:

The International Academy of Cytology (IAC). Yokohama System has created a standardized method of describing breast cytology by grouping them into five categories: inadequate, benign, atypical, suspicious, and malignant. To validate the likelihood of cancer in the various categories, several investigations have been undertaken at various institutions as a mandate.

Aim:

The main objective of the research is to identify the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for breast lumps by the Yokohama system for reporting and its correlation with histopathology.

Methodology:

The present study was a retrospective research performed over 8 months. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FANCs) for breast lumps are performed by the Yokohama system. Whenever accessible, histopathological diagnoses were also retrieved.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were estimated using a histological diagnosis as the gold standard concerning each of the five categories.

Results:

Out of 200 cases, 106 had histopathological concordance. Five categories: insufficient, benign, atypical, suspicious, and malignant of the IAC Yokohama system were 1.00%, 62.50%, 4.50%, 1.50%, and 30.50%, Category 1 (1%), Category 2 (62.5%), Category 3 (4.5%), Category 4 (1.5%), and Category 5 (30.5%). When malignant, suspicious, and unusual cases were taken into account as positive test findings, the highest level of sensitivity (90.60%) was attained. The maximum specificity (100%) was seen when only malignant patients were taken into account as positive test findings, but the highest diagnostic accuracy (96.22%) was shown when the malignant and suspect categories were taken into account as positive test results.

Conclusion:

FNAC using the Yokohama system for reporting is an accurate diagnostic tool for breast lumps. The system provides a standardized framework for reporting FNAC findings, and studies have reported high sensitivity and specificity rates for diagnosing breast lumps using FNAC. Therefore, FNAC can be used in conjunction with histomorphology to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of breast lumps.
Clinicohematological Profile of Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Jyotsna Prakhya Lalita , Sharma Sunita , Sharma Kusha
Published: May 2024

Background

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a major public health problem worldwide. In addition to the clinical manifestations, varied hematological abnormalities have also been observed. We aim to study morphology both in peripheral smear and bone marrow aspirates (BMAs) along with clinicohematological correlation in the pediatric age group.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective analysis of clinicohematological findings of 47 pediatric patients (0–18 years) diagnosed with leishmaniasis on BMAs from 2006 to 2017 was undertaken. All the results were tabulated and compared for evaluation.

Results:

From the 47 VL patients, the following abnormalities were noted. Pancytopenia 44.7% (21/47), bicytopenia 42.5% (20/47), anemia 10.6% (5/47), leukopenia 81% (38/47), and thrombocytopenia 53.2% (25/47). On peripheral smear, shift to left (48.3%), nucleated red blood cells (19.4%), toxic granules (6.7%), and Leishmania donovani (LD) bodies (5.7%) were noted. About 5.7% were seen. Bone marrow examination revealed erythroid hyperplasia in 44.6% of cases showing normoblastic (88.8%), megaloblastic (4.4%), and mixed (10.6%) reactions. Dyserythropoiesis (15.5%), drug-induced karyorrhexis (2.1%), dysmyelopoiesis (17%), giant stabs and metamyelocytes (6.3%), coarse granulation (2.1%), intrahistiocytic organisms (100%), increased plasma cells (3.4%), granulomas (25.5%), parasitophorous vacuoles (25.5%), nonhistiocytic intracellular organisms (15%), intracellular granule-like organism (8.5%), hemophagocytosis (8.5%), Reed–Sternberg-like cells (2.1%).

Conclusion:

BMA findings such as increased plasma cells, granulomas, hemophagocytosis, and granule-like organisms are important clues for suspecting leishmaniasis and further searching for LD bodies in patients with fever and splenomegaly.
Artificial Intelligence in Periodontics: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Parihar Anuj Singh , Narang Sumit , Tyagi Sanjeev , Narang Anu , Dwivedi Shivani , Katoch Vartika , Laddha Rashmi
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Periodontal diseases are prevalent worldwide and pose a significant public health burden. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), there has been growing interest in leveraging AI technologies to improve diagnosis, treatment planning, and management of periodontal conditions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the applications of AI in periodontics, including its potential benefits, challenges, and future directions. Fifteen relevant studies were analyzed to explore the role of AI in periodontal disease detection, risk assessment, treatment planning, and patient management. The findings highlight the promising role of AI in enhancing the accuracy, efficiency, and personalized care delivery in periodontics.
Evaluation of Implant Stability Quotient of Sandblasted Acid-Etched (SAE) and Chemical-Modified SAE Dental Implants: A Clinical Study
Authors: Satpathy Soumyadev , Varalakshmi Udutha , Tenglikar Pavan , Chowdary Koduru Ranga Roy , Khader Anas Abdul , Parihar Anuj Singh , Yashavanth Kumar DS , Samanta Anupa
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

The goal of the current research was to assess the implant stability quotient (ISQ) of dental implants that were chemically changed with SAE and without SAE.

Materials and Methods:

Patients in the current study had dental implants fitted with SAE (Group I) and chemically altered SAE (Group II). After implant implantation, resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was performed as soon as possible as well as one, three, six, nine, and twelve weeks later. Version 23.0 of SPSS Statistics for Windows was used to statistically analyze the results.

Result:

In SAE dental implants (Group I), a highest RFA value of 84.1 and a minimum value of 42.2 were noted. In chemically modified implants, the SAE (group II) mean RFA value ranged from 30.3 to 87.1.

Conclusion:

It has been noted that dental implants with surface treatment exhibit increased implant–bone osseointegration. Implants with hydrophilic surfaces osseointegrate more quickly than those with SAE areas.
Evaluation of Complications of Midface Fracture Including the Orbital Floor
Authors: Sandhu Rameet , Sikarwar Vikas , Ojha Sushil , Upadhyay Dushyant , Agarwal Amit , Sharma Apoorva
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Choosing an appropriate course of treatment for midface fracture can be challenging due to the variable presentations of midfacial fractures and concurrent orbital floor injuries.

Objectives:

To evaluate complications of midface fracture including the orbital floor.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 456 patients diagnosed with midface fracture, including the orbital floor, clinically and radiographically. The computed tomography radiograph of each study participant was evaluated. There was a thorough clinical assessment of each study participant.

Results:

There were complications like laceration (47.3%), hematoma (54.2%), infraorbital nerve paraesthesia (13.05%), Contusio bulbi (13.30%), and diplopia (13.35%). No complications were observed in 8.25% of study participants. The most common complication was laceration.

Conclusion:

The eyeball, orbit, soft tissues, and surrounding structures should be precisely examined clinically and radiologically in midface fractures.
Laplacian vanishing theorem for a quantized singular Liouville equation
Authors: Wei Juncheng , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2024

In this article we establish a vanishing theorem for a singular Liouville equation with a quantized singular source. If a blowup sequence tends to infinity near the quantized singular source and the blowup solutions violate the spherical Harnack inequality around the singular source (non-simple blow-ups), the Laplacian of the coefficient function must tend to zero. This seems to be the first second order estimates for a Liouville equation with a quantized source and non-simple blowups. This result as well as the key ideas of the proof will be useful for various applications.
Неравенство Белла, его физические истоки и обобщение
Authors: Zorich Vladimir Antonovich
Published: May 2024

Дается одно математическое обобщение известного неравенства Белла, возникшего в связи с анализом классического парадокса Эйнштейна-Подольского-Розена.
Порождающие квантовые каналы
Authors: Gumerov Renat Nelsonovich , Khazhin Ruslan Linarovich
Published: May 2024

Для составных квантовых систем рассматриваются квантовые каналы, которые однозначно определяют каналы подсистем. Такие каналы составных систем называются порождающими. Примерами порождающих каналов служат тензорные произведения двух квантовых каналов подсистем и их выпуклые комбинации. В работе изучаются свойства порождающих каналов. В частности, показывается, что эти каналы образуют выпуклое компактное множество в топологии, порожденной нормой. Доказывается критерий того, что квантовый канал является порождающим. Для составных систем, состоящих из двух кубитов, строятся порождающие каналы, демпфирующие фазы. При этом на подсистемах они порождают как каналы, демпфирующие фазы, так и деполяризующие каналы. Также приводятся примеры непорождающих каналов, демпфирующих фазы.