bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect and comfortable after extended depth of focus, multifocal and monofocal intraocular lenses implantation
Authors: Wang Junhui , Luo Jiawei , Yang Wenyu , Ren Ruoxin , Xie Yi , Li Jiaxin , Guan Huaijin , Ji Min
Published: November 2023

Background: Premium intraocular lens (IOL) can provide a fixed distance of near vision, which may be affected for patients who prefer different near distances. Thus, this study evaluate the effects and comfortable after implantation of extended depth of focus (EDOF), multifocal (Multi) and monofocal (Mono) intraocular lenses (IOLs).
Methods: Seventy eligibleparticipants were implanted with their preferred IOL and completed the relevant follow-up.Assessments focused on uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity (UCDVA, UCIVA, and UCNVA, respectively), best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), the fluctuations of comfortable near distance, the ability to see at comfortable or standard near distance and visual comfort during the 3-month postoperative follow-up.
Results: The EDOF and Multi groups were followed up for 3 months and showed noninferiority to the Mono group in the UCDVA (P > 0.05) and BCDVA but superiority in the UCNVA (P < 0.001). The UCIVA was best in the EDOF group, with comparable vision in the Multi and Mono groups. The comfortable near distance in the three groups was nonsharp between the pre- and postoperative periods. The comfortable near-distance visual acuity (CNDVA) was lower than the UCNVA in the three groups, particularly for the EDOF and Multi recipients (P < 0.05). The comfortable near distance effectively improved patients’ near visual comfort and visual clarity, except for one patient in the Multi group who complained of severe fatigue and was unable to tolerate the experience at month 3.
Conclusion: The EDOF and Multi IOLs achieved excellent visual quality and superior UCNVA versus the Mono IOL, but the CDNVA was significantly inferior to the UCNVA. Patients' near visual experience can be effectively increased at their comfortable near distances.
Microcalorimeter Absorber Optimization for ATHENA and LEM
Authors: Wassell Edward , Adams Joseph , Bandler Simon , Chervenak James , Cumbee Renata , Finkbeiner Fred , Fuhrman Joshua , Hull Samuel , Kelley Richard , Kilbourne Caroline , Mateo Jennette , Muramatsu Haruka , Porter Frederick , Rani Asha , Sakai Kazuhiro , Smith Stephen , Wakeham Nicholas , Yoon Sang
Published: November 2023

High quantum efficiency (QE) x-ray absorbers are needed for future x-ray astrophysics telescopes. The Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics (ATHENA) mission requirements for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) instrument dictate, at their most stringent, that the absorber achieve vertical QE > 90.6% at 7 keV and low total heat capacity, 0.731 pJ/K. The absorber we have designed is 313 µm square composed of 1.05 µm Au and 5.51 µm electroplated Bi films [1]. Overhanging the TES, the absorber is mechanically supported by 6 small legs whose 5 µm diameter is tuned to the target thermal conductance for the device. Further requirements for the absorber for X-IFU include a > 40% reflectance at wavelengths from 1–20 µm to reduce shot noise from infrared radiation from higher temperature stages in the cryostat. We meet this requirement by capping our absorbers with an evaporated Ti/Au thin film. Additionally, narrow gaps between absorbers are required for high fill fraction, as well as low levels of fine particulate remaining on the substrate and zero shorts between absorbers that may cause thermal crosstalk. The Light Element Mapper (LEM) is an X-ray probe concept optimized to explore the soft X-ray emission from 0.2–2.0 keV. These pixels for LEM require high residual resistance ratio (RRR) thin 0.5 µm Au absorbers to thermalize uniformly and narrow < 2 µm gaps between pixels for high areal fill fraction. This paper reports upon technology developments required to successfully yield arrays of pixels for both mission concepts and presents first testing results of devices with these new absorber recipes.
Heterojunction Active Layer MAPbI3 /CsPbI3 Design for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells: A Computational Analysis Achieving 20.5% Efficiency
Authors: Noori Darko A.
Published: November 2023

This simulation study employed three distinct perovskite solar cell (PCS) structures: double electron transport layer (DETL) composed of (10–50 nm) TiO2/ (50 nm) ZnO, double hole transport layer (DHTL) incorporated of (20–100 nm) MoOx/ (200 nm) Spiro-OMeTAD, and double active layer (DAL) consisted of (300 nm) MAPbI3/ (50–150 nm) CsPbI3 based PSCs separately. These configurations aimed to increase the charge carrier population and enhance fast electron and hole injection towards the electrodes in PSCs-based MAPbI3. Then, a morphological simulation study was conducted to evaluate the spatial distribution of the electron charge carrier density within the ETL, HTL, and perovskite materials. Additionally, the investigation delved into charge carrier density, charge carrier generation, and recombination within the thin-film materials, and compared the performance of single and doubling layers of PSCs. Notably, the simulation results demonstrated a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.52% for the heterojunction active layers structure, surpassing the PCE of 19.8% and 18.5% were achieved for the DHTL and DETL configuration, respectively. Moreover, the PCE of the cell enhanced by 29% with the DAL (200 nm MAPbI3/150 nm CsPbI3) structure compared to the reference cell. This study provides meaningful information for advancing the realm of high-efficiency planar PSCs founded on double absorber layer structure.
Wavelet-Based Multiscale Flow For Realistic Image Deformation in the Large Diffeomorphic Deformation Model Framework
Authors: Gaudfernau Fleur , Blondiaux Eléonore , Pennec Erwan Le , Allassonnière Stéphanie
Published: November 2023

Estimating accurate high-dimensional transformations remains very challenging, especially in a clinical setting. In this paper, we introduce a multiscale parameterization of deformations to enhance registration and atlas estimation in the Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping framework. Using the Haar wavelet transform, a multiscale representation of the initial velocity fields is computed to optimize transformations in a coarse-to-fine fashion. This additional layer of spatial regularization does not modify the underlying model of deformations. As such, it preserves the original kernel Hilbert space structure of the velocity fields, enabling the algorithm to perform efficient gradient descent. Numerical experiments on three datasets, including abnormal fetal brain images, show that compared to the original algorithm, the coarse-to-fine strategy reaches higher performance and yields template images that preserve important details while avoiding unrealistic features. This highly versatile strategy can easily be applied to other mathematical frameworks for almost no additional computational cost.
A Scoping Review on the Use of Enterprise Social Media for Knowledge Creation and Organizational Learning
Authors: Moumen Mounia
Published: November 2023

Modern societies and advanced economies use knowledge as a catalyst for change and development. Simultaneously, information technology (IT) is regarded as an enabler of communication, knowledge sharing, and learning in the workplace. Enterprise social media (henceforth ESM) are IT tools that initiate social interaction, connect professionals, and facilitate learning in the workplace. While the usage of ESM is growing, existing research on the subject is still limited, and even required, especially in developing countries like Morocco. On the other hand, organizational learning is a challenging subject of research, particularly when it is studied in relation to information technology usage in the workplace. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant research concerning the use of ESM for organizational learning, and knowledge creation and sharing, with regard to work performance and organizational change. We adopted Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework for conducting a scoping review.
Retinal giant cyst treated by the scleral buckling procedure : a case report
Authors: Wang Yifan , Cao Xiaolu , Jia Peipei , Yuan Lifei , Wang Yanhui , Liu Jianan , An Jing , Wang Lifei
Published: November 2023

Background: Retinal cysts are rare lesions of the fundus that are essentially fluid-filled cavities located or originating in the retina, with a diameter larger than the normal retinal thickness. To date, there have been few case reports of giant retinal cyst hemorrhage with retinoschisis.
Case presentation: A 32-year-old woman with no other medical history complained of decreased vision for 3 days after a severe cough. The best-corrected visual acuity in the right eye was 0.5. A comprehensive ophthalmological examination including slit lamp fundoscopy, ultrasound scan of the eye, optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan, and orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. Ophthalmological examination revealed grade III anterior chamber blood cells and grade III vitreous hemorrhage in the right eye and a large herpetic cyst on the nasal side of the retina. The cyst projected into the vitreous, with a large amount of hemorrhage vaguely visible within it. The cyst was clearly visible, and a superficial retinal limiting detachment was observed around it. Ultrasound showed a retinal cyst with retinal detachment in the right eye. Laboratory test results were unremarkable. After three months of conservative treatment, the patient's intracystic hemorrhage was significantly absorbed, but the size of the cyst cavity did not show any significant change. Scleral buckling with external compression combined with external drainage of the intracystic fluid was performed, the patient's visual acuity was gradually restored to a normal 1.0 after the operation, and the retina appeared flattened. The patient was finally diagnosed with a giant retinal cyst with retinoschisis in the right eye. The presumed cause was heavy coughing leading to rupture and hemorrhage of the retinal cyst, similar to the mechanism of rupture of an arterial dissection. To the best of our knowledge, this case of retinal cyst rupture and hemorrhage caused by heavy coughing with good recovery after external surgical treatment has never been reported before.
Conclusions: Giant cystic retinal hemorrhage with retinoschisis is very rare. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging and ocular B-scan ultrasound are essential for its diagnosis, and the selection of an appropriate surgical procedure is necessary to maximize the benefit for affected patients.
Bioactive Recovery from Watermelon Rind Waste Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
Authors: Zia Sania , Khan Moazzam Rafiq , Aadil Rana Muhammad , Medina-Meza Ilce Gabriela
Published: November 2023

In response to the imperative to address food waste and promote environmental sustainability, this study investigates the transformation of watermelon rind waste, an agrowaste, into a valuable resource. We extract polyphenols and antioxidants from freeze-dried watermelon rind (WMR) across four cultivars (Crimson Sweet, Black Prince, Black Chairman, and Sugar Baby) using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Solvent selection, based on a preliminary experiment, is optimized through response surface methodology (RSM), fine-tuning solvent concentration and sonication time. RSM effectively models our responses (R2> 0.90), confirming its suitability for optimization. Applying the optimized parameters (79.8% solvent concentration and 20 minutes of sonication) to various cultivars yields rich bioactive extracts. This optimization is vital for extracting polyphenols and antioxidants as sustainable alternatives to synthetic antioxidants, bolstering food stability. Watermelon rind also offers a distinct profile of fatty acids and phytosterols, ideal for diverse applications in food, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and industry.
Practical Applications: Watermelon rinds are valuable sources of bioactive molecules with potential for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. The application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to retrieve polyphenols and antioxidants from watermelon rinds presents an ecofriendly and efficient approach with practical applications. Within the food industry, these compounds can serve as natural alternatives to synthetic antioxidants. By enhancing oxidative stability, the use of these bioactive compounds extends the shelf life of food items while improving their nutritional quality. Moreover, specific fatty acids and phytosterols in watermelon rinds open avenues in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and functional ingredients. These compounds can be integrated into dietary supplements and functional foods, promoting health among consumers. In summary, this study's optimized extraction methods yield bioactive compounds with practical value. These compounds enhance food quality and meet consumer preferences while driving innovation across various industries, from food production to pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.
Assessing Preferences for Addressing Religion and Spirituality in a Recovery Program for Adults with Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Matsuura Taiqi , Klee Anne , MDiv Holly Heikella , Cooke James , Rosenheck Robert
Published: November 2023

Religion and Spirituality (R/S) are recognized components of recovery-oriented mental health services, but a clinically focused R/S needs assessment tool for Veterans with Serious Mental Illness (SMI) has not been developed. A questionnaire including 39 items was developed by experienced chaplains and mental health clinicians and administered to 110 participants in a recovery-oriented VA program. Altogether 40 (37%) said they would like R/S issues to be a greater part of their treatment (i.e. very or extremely). A screening tool to identify Veterans for referral to R/S focused interventions was developed based on the selection of the five items most strongly loading on the strongest factor in a factor analysis. This R/S survey of SMI adults suggests that over one-third of participants in a recovery-oriented program would like more R/S emphasis in their treatment. Factor analysis showed desire for uplifting religious/spiritual communityto be the predominant factor.
A PEDAGOGIA PÓS-MÉTODO E O ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS: REFLEXÕES E POSSIBLIDADES PARA A PROMOÇÃO DE MUDANÇAS NAS CONCEPÇÕES E PRÁTICAS DOCENTES
Authors: Weirich da Silva Coelho Iandra Maria
Published: November 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar algumas reflexões e possibilidades para a prática docente no ensino-aprendizagem de línguas. Do ponto de vista teórico, ressalta-se a Pedagogia Pós-método, em diálogo com a perspectiva da complexidade. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfica, que se amparou na discussão de três categorias analíticas, ensino de línguas baseado em tarefas, perspectiva Pós-método e discurso crítico. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de desenvolver novas práticas amparadas nos princípios orientadores da Pedagogia Pós-método, uso de tarefas, fomento da autonomia, adoção de postura reflexiva e crítica referente às teorias e métodos, estímulo à autoavaliação dos resultados de aprendizagens e indicadores de desempenho alcançados, a fim de orientar novos horizontes e trajetórias de aprendizagens.
MEDENÎ USÛL HUKUKU AÇISINDAN NFT’LERİN DELİL OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AKKAN Mine , KAMACI Ekin Cansu
Published: November 2023

Teknolojinin gelişimiyle birlikte kişiler arasındaki etkileşim hızlanmıştır. Özellikle fiziki ortamda yapılabilen hukuki işlemlerin dijitalleştirilmesiyle bu etkileşim saniyeler içerisinde gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Ancak dijitalleşmeyle beraber yapılan işlemlerin güvenliğine ilişkin tereddütler de oluşmaktadır. Bu tereddütlerin ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte elektronik ortamdaki belgelerin güvenirliğine ilişkin olarak elektronik imzaya yönelik düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda, güvenli elektronik imzalı olarak düzenlenen belgelerin de el yazısıyla imzalı belgeler gibi güvenilir olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur (EİK m.5/1, TBK m.14/2). Bununla birlikte teknoloji ve dijitalleşme her geçen gün geliştiğinden güvenilir dijitalleşmeye ilişkin olarak blokzincir teknolojisi ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu teknolojinin bir örneğini de NFT’ler (Non-fungible tokens) oluşturmaktadır. NFT’ler değiştirilemeyen dijital varlıklardır. Başka bir ifadeyle NFT’ler gayri maddi varlık olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bu varlıklarla ilgili telif hakkına, alınıp satılmasına ilişkin bazı uyuşmazlıkların ortaya çıkması söz konusu olabilir. Böyle bir durumda NFT’lerin hukuk yargılaması açısından senet niteliğinde olup olmadığının belirlenmesi önemlidir. Medenî usûl hukuku anlamında NFT’lerin hukuki nitelendirmesinin ispat hukuku açısından değerlendirilmesi gereklidir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, ispat hukuku açısından NFT’lerin hukuki niteliği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Diarrhea syndrome: current aspects of differential diagnosis and treatment at the stage of primary health care
Authors: Trukhan D. I. , Degovtsov E. N. , Goloshubina V. V. , Popilov M. A.
Published: November 2023

Diarrhea is one of the most common syndromes  encountered in the practice  of a general  practitioner,  a general  practitioner, a pediatrician at the  stage  of providing  primary health  care, as well as a gastroenterologist, an infectious  disease  specialist and a surgeon  at the  stage  of providing  specialized  medical  care. The first part  of the  review is devoted  to the  differential diagnosis of diarrhea, the main pathological conditions  and nosological  forms in which the development of diarrhea syndrome is possible  in real clinical practice  are considered.

The second  part of the review is devoted  to a promising  active method  in gastroenterological practice-enterosorption. The main requirements for modern enterosorbents are met by the domestic enterosorbent based on silica (colloidal silicon dioxide) Polysorb®   MP. Its properties are  considered,  data  of comparative studies  with  other  enterosorbents are  given. The studies demonstrating the efficacy and safety of the use of enterosorbent Polysorb®  MP in the complex therapy of infectious  diarrhea in adult patients and in pediatric practice are presented. Diarrhea is one of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms in the new coronavirus  infection  COVID-19.  A number  of studies  have  noted  the  effectiveness of the  use of colloidal  silicon dioxide (Polysorb® MP) in the complex treatment of adults  and children with COVID-19 and as part of the post-COVID syndrome. The use of Polysorb®   MP helps  to reduce  the viral load in the intestine, reduce  diarrhea  and other  clinical symptoms  of gastrointestinal lesions  in COVID-19.

Availability of modern  effective and safe enterosorbent Polysorb®  MP in the arsenal  of a doctor at the stage  of providing primary health  care will optimize  drug therapy in patients with diarrhea  syndrome and other comorbid somatic pathologies.
Approach to selecting mucoactive medications to treat cough in children
Authors: Kolosova N. G. , Denisova V. D. , Sazаnova D. A.
Published: November 2023

Cough is the most common symptom of acute respiratory infections in children. Rational approaches to the therapy of cough should be based on the diagnosis and analysis of cough features. In accordance with sputum quality and quantity, a dry (unproductive, minimally productive) and wet (productive) cough is distinguished. The cough can be acute (up to 4 weeks), subacute, chronic, recurrent in duration. Cough assessment should involve considering the following characteristics: rhythm, timbre, nature, intensity, time of onset, duration, frequency, body position while coughing, impact of cough on the patient’s condition and sleep; presence of airway obstruction, etc. All presentations of cough can change during the development of the disease, which must be considered in the diagnosis and therapy. These characteristics of cough help the therapist select a rational therapy. Particular attention is paid to the therapy of wet cough, which is based on the stimulation of mucociliary clearance, restoration of the drainage function of the lungs; improvement of sputum elimination, thinning and removal of viscous bronchial secretion from the respiratory tract; prevention of mucostasis. The article discusses the pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action for Ambroxol in terms of its indications for OTC drug delivery, clinical data on the use of ambroxol in children. The primary mechanism of action for Ambroxol involves stimulation of surfactant synthesis, a complex mechanism that is not yet fully understood, but which provides Ambroxol with effective mucokinetic and secretion-stimulating properties, thus contributing to mucus clearance, which facilitates expectoration and productive cough.
Functional dyspepsia: modern pathogenetic aspects and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Egorov I. V.
Published: November 2023

Functional  dyspepsia, affecting  up to 20% of individuals worldwide, remains  both a cause  of decreased activity of patients’ daily life and an obvious economic burden  due to healthcare costs. Despite extensive research, the etiology of dyspepsia  is unknown  in most  patients. Intestinal motility dysfunction  has long been  considered the  major culprit, but recent  studies suggest  that  immune  pathophysiological and molecular  effects  in the  duodenum are far more likely predisposing factors. Eosinophilia  and an increase  in mast  cells in both  the  duodenum and gastric mucosa  are identified  in most patients with this disease. More and more data  on the significant  role of impaired  paracellular permeability of the intestinal mucosa are now available. It is associated with subclinical  inflammation in the submucosal layer in patients with functional  dyspepsia. This explains  the  poor effectiveness of the  treatments taken. The evidence  from practice  suggests that  symptoms  persist or return  after  eradication therapy  in most patients. Proton  pump inhibitors  and antidepressants do not ease  postprandial distress  syndrome.  Montelukast  and  cromolyn  therapy  has  been  proposed,  but  this  approach  is not  yet  widely popular. Therefore, there  is an obvious need  in finding other  therapeutic approaches. One of them  is the increased use of prokinetics, the most recent  of which is acotiamide.  Its mechanism  of action  is similar to that  of prior generation prokinetics  (inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity), but is distinguished by the absence of impact on dopaminergy, due to which the drug has  far fewer  side  effects. In addition,  its effect  on the  production  of ghrelin, which physiological  role  is being  actively studied, is discussed.
Mono- or multistrain probiotics? Comparative clinical study of different therapeutic strategies for infantile colic
Authors: Novikova V. P. , Magamedova D. M. , Blinov A. E. , Varlamova O. N. , Kondratieva A. E.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The highest level of evidence for the treatment of colic in breastfed infants is with L. reuteri monoprobiotic therapy. Recently multistrain probiotics have been used to treat colic.

Аim. Is to evaluate the effectiveness of various strategies for the treatment of infantile colic, including monoand multistrain probiotics.

Materials and methods. A total of 110 infants aged 1–5 months with colic and 20 healthy infants were examined. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed in three groups of infants with colic: Group 1 consisting of 30 children who received BioGaia Probiotic drops for baby (L. reuteri); Group 2 consisting of 40 children who received Bac-Set Baby multistrain probiotic, and Group 3 consisting of 40 children who received symptomatic therapy. The estimated parameters included duration of crying, fecal levels of zonulin measured by ELISA assays, and gut microbiota composition.

Results. Children with colic had longer crying duration compared to healthy children, higher levels of zonulin in the stool and differences in the microbiota. In group 2, colic relief occurred on average within 5 days, which is significantly faster than in groups 1 and 3 (10 and 12 days, respectively). In group 2, colic relief occurred in the majority of children (87.5%), the differences with groups 1 and 3 were statistically significant (53.3% and 10% of children, respectively). Also in group 2 there was a decrease in the level of zonulin by 41.4% from the initial level, in group 1 – by 40.1%, in group 3 – by 10.8%. Group 2 has also showed positive changes in the microbiota.

Discussion. The results confirm the effectiveness of multistrain probiotics in the treatment of colic.

Conclusions. Bac-Set Baby multistrain probiotic proved to be more effective than BioGaia Probiotic drops for baby monostrain probiotic and symptomatic therapy in the relief of infantile colic. The effect of Bac-Set Baby is associated with its ability to normalize the intestinal microbiota and reduce the permeability of the intestinal wall.
Experience of using an interferon inducer in the prevention of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in children
Authors: Borisova O. V. , Bochkareva N. M. , Polezhaeva N. S. , Yashkina O. N. , Tsareva N. G. , Gadelshina D. M.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Taking into account the changeable viral landscape of pathogens, the persistence of seasonal morbidity at a high level, and the refusal of a number of parents to be vaccinated against influenza, the interest of scientists and practitioners in the use of endogenous interferon inducers is increasing. Studies by domestic authors have proven that Kagocel® is highly effective in the prevention and treatment of influenza and other ARIs.

Aim. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Kagocel® for the prevention of influenza and ARIs in children aged 3–18 years old on an outpatient basis during the epidemic rise of respiratory viral infections in 2022–2023.

Materials and methods. A prospective comparative analysis of cases of prevention of influenza and ARIs by Kagocel® in children was carried out: group 1 – main (n = 32). Kagocel® was prescribed according to the scheme for a month. The comparison group consisted of patients vaccinated against influenza, who did not receive drugs for the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections: group 2 – comparison (n = 28).

Results and discussion. The index of preventive efficacy of Kagocel® was 3.0, the efficiency ratio was quite high – 66.7%. The elimination of the main clinical symptoms of the disease was noted on average by the 2nd–3rd day of illness. Prophylactic  administration of the drug allowed to reduce the incidence of influenza and ARIs by 3 times; reduce the number of complications from these diseases by 4 times. The economic feasibility of prophylaxis with Kagocel® has been proven, direct costs for the treatment of one patient have decreased by 3.6 times. The interferon inducer was well tolerated, no side effects of the drug were detected.

Conclusion. Endogenous interferon inducer Kagocel® can be used for prophylactic purposes during the seasonal rise in the incidence of influenza and ARIs.
Actual nutrition of young children: how to make what you want real
Authors: Gurova M. M. , Protsenko E. A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The nutrition of young children determines the vector of the physical and neuro-psychological development of the child, forms the characteristics of eating behavior.

Aim. To study the features of the nutritional practice of young children living in Belgorod, and to evaluate the success of the implementation of the Program for optimizing the nutrition of children aged 1 to 3 years in the Russian Federation in pediatric practice.

Materials and methods. We interviewed 307 women with young children born at 38–41 weeks of gestation with an Apgar score of at least 8 points. In addition, we developed a questionnaire that allows retrospectively assessing the regime and diet of young children.

Results. We identified the following problems of young children nutrition: non-compliance with the diet – only 18.1% of the respondents strictly adhered to the regime, the use of confectionery and sweets as snack products in almost a third of children (27%) which were introduced into the diet in 44% of children aged 1–2 years, and in 43% of children after 2 years. According to the survey data, 38.2% of respondents used industrial food products for young children in the form of milk-based drinks, but the duration of their use was limited to the second year of life. 14% of children used other industrial food products for young children.

Discussion. The presented dietary habits of children lead to the formation of incorrect eating habits, aggravating the imbalance of the diet, increasing the risk of health problems.

Conclusion. The results of the study show the need for further work on the active implementation of the existing recommendations for optimizing the nutrition of young children. The FrutoNyanya brand includes a wide selection of industrially produced baby food products, allowing you to achieve a wide variety, but also healthy food products.
Glycemic control parameters in children with type 1 diabetes treated with fast-acting insulin aspart domestic biosimilar by continuous subcutaneous infusion
Authors: Platonov V. V. , Dubinina T. A. , Patrakeeva E. M. , Taraikovich A. A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease requiring constant insulin therapy under regular continuous monitoring of glycemic parameters. The use of domestic insulin bioanalogues in CSII therapy is currently not sufficiently covered in the literature.

Aim. To evaluate glycemic control parameters in children with T1D treated with the domestic fast-acting insulin aspart biosimilar by CSII.

Materials and methods. Retrospective study was carried out on the basis of K.A. Raukhfus center St. Petersburg State Medical and Biomedical Center VMT. Fifty-five children with T1D aged 6 to 17 years (mean age 12 ± 4) were examined, including 29 boys (52.7%, mean age 11 ± 3 years) and 26 girls (47.3%, mean age 13 ± 4 years). Insulin therapy was carried out by systems of CSII Glycemic parameters were monitored by continuous and flash glycemic monitoring systems. The center visits frequency was once a month.

Results. During dynamic follow-up after 3 and 6 months, children showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) improvement in glycemic control parameters–decrease in HbA1c level from 8.0 ± 1.8% to 7, 1 ± 1.2% and 6.8 ± 0.6%, increase in TIR from 60.4 ± 20.6% to 71.5 ± 13.0% and 75.9 ± 9.4%, decrease in TAR from 31.1 ± 22.1% to 23.0 ± 12.8% and 20.3 ± 9.3%, decrease in TBR from 9.1 ± 8.2% to 5.8 ± 4.3% and 4.1 ± 1.8%, and decrease in CV from 40.0 ± 9.1% to 33.7 ± 6.7% and 32.5 ± 5.6%.

Discussion. The use of domestic biosimilar insulin aspart in insulin pumps iis associated with significant improvement in glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1D. Dynamic observation together with therapeutic education contribute to the maintenance of the achieved parameters at a high level.

Conclusions. Therapy with the domestic fast-acting insulin aspart biosimilar by CSII allows achieving target glycemic control in children with T1D.
Microscopic colitis of incomplete collagen type in combination with lactase deficiency
Authors: Volchkova E. A. , Legkova K. S. , Ardatskaya M. D.
Published: November 2023

The  number   of  patients  complaining   of  indigestion  is  increasing   every  year.  Made  a  significant   contribution  to  this the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been  going on for almost  3 years, led to this, the drugs used to treat  the infection  and its complications have  a negative  effect  on the  gastrointestinal tract, not  to mention  the  most  damaging  effect  of the  virus. Against  the  backdrop  of an increasing  number  of patients with indigestion as a result  of COVID-19, it is important not  to forget  about  other  diseases  that  do not lie on the surface  and do not always have typical manifestations. A relatively young disease, but increasingly common among patients with diarrhea, is microscopic colitis (MC). This article presents a clinical case of microscopic colitis of incomplete collagen  type in combination with lactase  deficiency. MC is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease  of unknown  etiology, characterized by chronic watery diarrhea,  the  absence of macroscopic  signs  of colon  damage in the presence of specific pathomorphological changes. Based on the histological result, two main forms are distinguished: collagenous and lymphocytic colitis. According to the latest  data presented in the European guidelines, the overall prevalence of MC is 119.4 cases  per 100 thousand people,  and the  incidence  is 11.4 cases  per 100 thousand population per year. The progressive  increase  in the  incidence,  and even  the  prevalence of MC over patients with inflammatory  bowel  disease  (IBD) in some countries  in the group over 60 years of age, has led to an increase  in clinical interest in this problem, improvement of diagnostic  methods and revision of clinical guidelines in February 2021. Given the increase  in the incidence  of MC, the difficult diagnostic  search  for this  diagnosis,  age  variation, and  the  description of clinical  cases  that  differ from the  average portraits  of a “typical patient” with microscopic colitis are of clinical interest.
Advancing integrated river basin management and flood forecasting in the Cagne catchment: a combined approach using deterministic distributed models
Authors: Wang Mingyan , Game Paguédame , Gourbesville Philippe
Published: November 2023

To achieve an integrated river basin management for the Cagne catchment (France) and better predict floods, various modelling tools are integrated within a unified framework, forming a decision support system (DSS). In the paper, an integrated modeling approach employing deterministic distributed hydrological (MIKE SHE), hydraulic (MIKE 21 FM), and hydrogeological (FEFLOW) models is presented. The hydrological model was validated with recorded data and following a sensitivity analysis for optimizing grid resolution with 20 m. The hydraulic model based on MIKE 21 FM utilizes the results generated by the MIKE SHE model as boundary conditions, producing inundation maps for both normal and extreme periods. The hydrogeological model addresses the various complex relationships taking place within the catchment and was validated with piezometer data. The integration of these three models into a DSS provides a valuable tool for decision-makers to manage the Cagne catchment and the water-related issues more effectively during various hydrological situations. This comprehensive modelling framework underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches for addressing complex hydrological processes and contributes to improved flood management strategies in the catchment.
Modeling probabilistic-based 1D riverbed elevation estimation model due to uncertainties in runoff and sediment-related factors
Authors: Wu Shiang-Jen , Tsai Chia-Yuan , Yeh Keh-Chia
Published: November 2023

This study aims to develop a probabilistic model to quantify the reliability of estimating riverbed elevations due to the uncertainties in the runoff and sediment-related factors (named PM_MBEE_1D); the above uncertainties are quantified by reproducing a considerable number of runoff-related and sediment-related factors via the multivariate Monte Carlo simulation approach. Using a sizeable number of simulated uncertainty factors, the proposed PM_MBEE_1D model is developed by coupling the rainfall–runoff model (SAC-SMA) and 1D sediment transport simulation model (CCHE1D) with the uncertainty/risk analysis advanced first-order second-moment (AFOSM) method as well as the logistic regression analysis. Validated by the historical data in the Jhuosdhuei River watershed, the proposed PM_MBEE_1D model could efficiently and successfully capture the spatial and temporal changes in the estimated riverbed elevations (i.e., scouring and siltation) due to the uncertainties in the river runoff and sediment with a high accuracy (nearly 0.983). Also, using the proposed PM_MBEE_1D model with given runoff and sediment factors under a desired reliability, the probabilistic-based riverbed elevations could accordingly be estimated as a reference to watershed treatment and management plan.
Optimizing crop production water footprints in the face of water scarcity: a combined experimental and simulation study of wheat in Zimbabwe
Authors: Govere Simbarashe , Nyamangara Justice , Nyakatawa E. Z.
Published: November 2023

The optimization of water footprints in crop production is critical, given that agroecosystems currently account for more than 70% of global freshwater use. To achieve this, crop growth models provide insights into the impact of various crop and irrigation management strategies on both crop productivity and water use. This study evaluated the capability of the AquaCrop model in simulating wheat yields, crop water use, and water footprints in the Middle-Manyame Sub-Catchment, Zimbabwe. The model was calibrated and validated using experimental data collected from field experiments. Simulation experiments were conducted to assess the impact of early and late planting, drip and sprinkler irrigation techniques, and no mulch, organic mulch, and synthetic mulch options on the water footprint (WF). The AquaCrop model accurately simulated soil water content, crop water use, crop biomass, and grain yield. Simulation runs showed that early planting reduced WFblue and WFgreen by 25 and 4%, respectively. The lowest consumptive WF was observed with drip irrigation and synthetic mulching. The greatest decline in WFblue and WFgreen (52 and 11%) was simulated under early planting, using drip irrigation and synthetic mulching. Overall, the study highlights the importance of efficient crop and irrigation management practices to reduce water footprints in agroecosystems.
The Role of Plant Lectins in the Cellular and Molecular Processes of Skin
Wound Repair: An Overview
Authors: de Sousa Guilherme Feijó , Lund Rafael Guerra , da Silva Pinto Luciano
Published: November 2023

There is increasing pressure for innovative methods to treat compromised and difficult-to-heal
wounds. Consequently, new strategies are needed for faster healing, reducing infection, hydrating the wound,
stimulating healing mechanisms, accelerating wound closure, and reducing scar formation. In this scenario,
lectins present as good candidates for healing agents. Lectins are a structurally heterogeneous group of glycosylated
or non-glycosylated proteins of non-immune origin, which can recognize at least one specific
monosaccharide or oligosaccharide specific for the reversible binding site. Cell surfaces are rich in glycoproteins
(glycosidic receptors) that potentially interact with lectins through the number of carbohydrates reached.
This lectin-cell interaction is the molecular basis for triggering various changes in biological organisms, including
healing mechanisms. In this context, this review aimed to (i) provide a comprehensive overview of relevant
research on the potential of vegetable lectins for wound healing and tissue regeneration processes and (ii)
discuss future perspectives.
Enhancing Opiorphin’s Metabolic Stability and Preserving its Potent
Analgesic Effect: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tome Joana , Ibrahim Mohammed Nurudeen , Cowan Logan Thomas
Published: November 2023

Background:

Opiorphin has been reported to show a stronger analgesic effect than morphine without causing side effects brought about by morphine-like drugs. Functional opiorp-hin analogs have been created to enhance its metabolic stability and preserve its potent analgesic effect.

Objective:

We conducted a systematic review to summarize all opiorphin analogs and identify those with the strongest metabolic stability and antinociceptive effect.

Methods:

From a total of 122 articles, 11 made it to the quantitative synthesis phase. The included articles were categorized into the type of modifications used to improve the metabolic stability of the peptide, metabolism and toxicity profile, drug absorption and in vitro cytotoxicity, anti-nociceptive effect, the opiorphin analogs’ administration in animals or humans, and the type of the test used to test the antinociceptive effect.

Results:

The substitution of natural amino acid with a non-natural amino acid, side-chain modifications, or D-aminoacid substitution were the most used type of peptide modification to create
opiorphin analogs. STR-324 and PEGylated liposomes loaded with opiorphin showed the best
metabolism and toxicity performance. [C]-[(CH2)6]-QRF-[S-O-(CH2)8]-R showed high stability in
human plasma and stronger inhibitory potency. YQRFSR and PEGylated liposomes loaded with
opiorphin showed a stronger antinociceptive effect than the parent opiorphin or morphine, with an
analgesic effect of PEGylated liposomes lasting more than 50%. Intravenous administration was
the preferred method of opiorphin analog administration, and different tests were used to test the
antinociceptive effect.

Conclusion:

This paper presents the first systematic review discussing opiorphin and opiorphin analogs and identifies the most promising candidates for future research.
The Association between Diet and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Asgharzadeh Vahid , Seyyed Rezaei Seyyed Amin , Poor Behroz Mahdavi , Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Nobari Hossein Jalaei , Taghinejad Zahra , Kazemi Abdolhassan , Rashedi Jalil
Published: November 2023

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that affects individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 years, with a higher prevalence among women. Prevalence of this disease has increased significantly in re-cent decades in different geographical areas. There is evidence to suggest that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of MS.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between diet and MS in the Azeri population of the East Azerbaijan province of Iran.

Methods:

467 MS patients and 260 non-related healthy individuals under the age of 15 com-pleted a dietary demographic questionnaire. The relationship between food consumption and MS was evaluated using the obtained data.

Results:

MS patients had a significantly higher consumption of fat, high-fat dairy, fast food, soybean, sausages and kielbasa, pickles, and leftover food (p-value=0.0001), while healthy in-dividuals had a higher consumption of fruit (p-value=0.0001). Consumption of Meat, sweets, and fizzy drinks was also found to be higher in MS patients (p-value<0.05). There was no sig-nificant difference in the consumption of vegetables, cakes biscuits, and spices between the two groups (p-value>0.05).

Conclusion:

The results suggest that fruit consumption under the age of 15 may be a protective factor against MS, while the consumption of fat, high-fat dairy, fast food, soybean, sausages and kielbasa, pickles, leftover food, meat, sweets, sauce, and fizzy drinks under the age of 15, may-be risk factors for MS.
The Psychological Status of Healthcare Workers of a COVID-19-Free Cancer Hospital during COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey - A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Çayköylü Ali , Hamurcu Hayriye Dilek , Karslioğlu Ersin Hatice , Bal Neşe Burcu , Ata Pakize Evşen
Published: November 2023

Background:

Identifying the psychosocial effects on healthcare workers is critical
in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to examine the psychological effects of the COVID-19
pandemic on healthcare workers of a cancer hospital in Turkey and to determine its predictors.

Methods:

The psychosocial effects of the epidemic on hospital staff were evaluated by a
psychiatrist through a face-to-face psychiatric interview. A semi-structured questionnaire
containing socio-demographic variables and questions about social changes, and Symptom
Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) were administered to the hospital staff that agreed to
participate in the study.

Results:

Twenty-three percent of the subjects had threshold values for the Global Severity
Index in SCL-90-R. The most common symptoms were obsessions and depressive symptoms
(42% and 36.5%, respectively). Being young, being a woman, being single, worsening
economic situation, high education level, history of past psychiatric disorders, isolation
and/or quarantine history, lack of personal protective equipment, separation from the family,
fear of infecting a family member or cancer patient were determined as risk factors.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant psychosocial impact on
healthcare workers, highlighting the need for appropriate strategies to understand and mitigate
these effects.
Mangrove Ecosystem Components and Benefits
Authors: El-Sayed Waleed M.M. , Abdrabo Mohamed A.A. , Hamed Moaz M.
Published: November 2023

There is a wide variety of plant, animal, and microbial life in mangrove forests because of their location at the boundary between terrestrial and marine environments. Because of their central role in the development and upkeep of the mangrove ecosystem, microbes also serve as a useful and significant source of biotechnologically engineered materials. Microbes are essential to the health of the mangrove ecosystem's productivity by aiding in the decomposition and mineralization of leaf litter at a number of different phases of the process. They are capable of recycling nutrients; they can generate or consume gases affecting the global climate; they can remove contaminants; they can process anthropogenic trash. Mangrove environment microorganisms provide a large supply of antimicrobial substances and also create a broad spectrum of major health-boosting chemicals such as enzymes, antitumors, insecticides and immune modulators. However, unlike other ecosystems, mangrove ecosystems have never had their microbial diversity described. Despite the rich diversity of microbiological conditions in mangrove ecosystems, only around 5 percent of species have been classified, and many of them remain enigmas in terms of their ecological importance and practical use. Microbial diversity must be fully utilised to reach its potential, and modern molecular biology and genetics technologies show considerable promise. This Chapter, therefore, attempts to examine and analyze the microbial diversity of mangrove ecosystems in many aspects, such as agricultural, pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental, and medical possibilities.