bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politicians, Social Media, and Digital Publics: Old Rights, New Terrain
Authors: Sobieraj Sarah , Masullo Gina M. , Cohen Philip N. , Gillespie Tarleton , Jackson Sarah J.
Published: August 2020

In this interdisciplinary roundtable discussion, five scholars interested in political communication work through the democratic dilemmas created when privately owned social media platforms are used as digital public squares by elected officials in the United States. This conversation unfolds in the context of ongoing legal cases that challenge politicians’ efforts to block select interlocutors and bar them from participation. We grapple with the tension between politicians’ use of social media to broadcast their own messages as a form of publicity with the desire by some members of the public that politicians be transparent online by allowing the electorate to question or even criticize them. Through this discussion, we weigh the importance of the right to criticize the government and its leaders alongside the realities of contentious content on social media platforms that are rife with abusive content, in a cultural context marked by social inequalities.
Staging Science: Authoritativeness and Fragility of Models and Measurement in the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Van Dooren Wouter , Noordegraaf Mirko
Published: August 2020

n the COVID‐19 crisis, society pins its hopes on science to play an authoritative role in reducing uncertainty and ambiguity. But is science up to the task? This is far from self‐evident. The demands on science in times of crisis run counter to the values of good, normal science. Crisis science needs to be fast, univocal, personalized, and direct, while normal science is slow, contentious, collective, and sensitive to complexity. Science can only play its atypical role if it is staged in the public arena. Some patterns of staging stand out: personalization, visualization, and connection to lived experiences. So far, the staging of science has been successful, but it is fragile. The COVID‐19 crisis shows the potential of well‐staged forms of alliance between science and policy, but when the general assumption is that scientists will “solve” societal “problems,” the staging of science has gone too far.
Race, Kidney Transplants, Immunosuppression Research, and White Supremacy under Apartheid, 1960–80
Authors: Horwitz Simonne
Published: August 2020

This paper uses the history of kidney transplantation in South Africa as a lens through which to write a racialized, micro history that illustrates the politics of medical discoveries and medical research at one of South Africa’s most prestigious medical research universities, the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) in Johannesburg. Between 1966 and the 1980s, the Wits team became the most advanced and prolific kidney transplant unit in the country. Yet the racist, oppressive Apartheid system fundamentally shaped these developments. Transplantation, as this paper shows, became an elite medical procedure, performed by a select group of white doctors on mostly white patients. For these doctors, transplantation showed their medical prowess and displayed the technical advancements they were able to make in research and clinical practice as they strove to position South Africa as a significant international player in medical research, despite academic boycotts and increasing sanctions. Transplantation became a symbol of white supremacy in a country where the black majority were excluded from anything but the most basic health care.
Same-sex sexual violence in the military: A scoping review
Authors: Godier-McBard Lauren R. , Jones Michelle L.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Sexual violence (SV) is a globally prevalent issue, and the majority of research focuses on the historical view of SV as an act perpetrated by men against women. Same-sex sexual violence (SSSV) incidents represent a small proportion of recorded sexual offences, and therefore prevalence and consequences of this have received little attention. Male-dominated occupations, such as the military, are associated with higher rates of SV and data points to a particular vulnerability to SSSV of male service personnel (SP). Methods: This review aims to map the literature pertaining to SSSV in the military. A comprehensive scoping review methodology was adopted, following a rigorous accepted framework. Four databases were searched for English language, peer-reviewed, original research papers that were focused on SSSV in the military context. Results: Eleven papers were identified that met the criteria for inclusion; 10 originated from the United States and one from South Korea. Themes identified included prevalence and nature of SSSV in the military, characteristics of survivors and perpetrators, barriers to reporting, and the outcomes associated with SSSV in the military. Discussion: The evidence that does exist suggests that male SP are particularly at risk of SSSV, and experience poorer psychological and social outcomes due to SSSV compared to female SP and those who experience opposite-sex sexual violence (OSSV). More research is required internationally to provide accurate and up-to-date estimates of prevalence, and to account for cultural and structural differences in military organizations.
A Tardy Uptake
Authors: Freadman Anne
Published: August 2020

Following Carolyn Miller’s (1984) definition of genre as social action, subsequent work in the field of rhetorical genre theory has focused on two aspects of her account. The first is the claim that “a genre is a rhetorical means for mediating private intention and social exigence” (Miller, 1984, p. 163). The site of this mediation is now referred to as the subject—a term that is imported from psychoanalysis and critical social theory. I am concerned that the theoretical freight carried by this term—with its claim to address the “big questions” of subjectivity—diverts us from our focus on “how the genre works as rhetorical action” (Miller, 1984, p. 159). I shall replace the subject with the agent, moving then to argue that bringing uptake to bear on agency helps shift the debate to a more strictly rhetorical terrain. The second aspect that has been focused on is exigence: the “social motive” of rhetorical action, “an objectified social need” lying at “the core of situation” (Miller, 1984, pp. 158, 157). I consider an ambiguity at the heart of this concept of exigence between the work it does in accounting for punctual rhetorical action—the genre in actu—and its work in generalizing over some genre in virtu. Because of this, I move to replace exigence with alternative ways of conceiving the site of rhetorical action. Throughout, I accept broadly the framework of Rhetorical Genre Studies. While I seek to solve the problems through a rigorous reliance on rhetoric, I move beyond this frame when I discuss the restrictions on a theory of genre imposed by an exclusive assumption of verbal or discursive acts.
Notes on Anne Freadman’s Tardy Response
Authors: Giltrow Janet
Published: August 2020

So far, I have not been troubled by exigence, finding it a usefully modified version of motive. Now, though, following Freadman’s analysis, I recognize that the concept can interfere with orderly accounts of change, and also with what people call mixture or hybridity, which themselves seem to bid for change. I can see uses for communities of use (Miller, 2017), although I prefer Bakhtin’s (1986) “spheres of activity,” with its focus on what groups of people do, rather than what they say. I realize now that my complacency about these terms—and others—may be owing to my habit of summoning them to introduce genre to a new audience, usually one likely to think of genre as formal structure, if they think of genre at all. Or to frame for a genre-familiar audience an entry to new but related concerns.
Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Cylloceria (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cylloceriinae) in Central America with description of a new species from Mexico
Authors: Humala A.E.
Published: August 2020

Cylloceria tropicana sp. nov. is described from Southern Mexico and the hitherto unknown male of C. alvaradoi Gauld is described from Honduras. Cylloceria arizonica Dasch is reported for the first time from the state of Morelos in Mexico.
Imagerie et valves de l’urètre postérieur
Authors: Avni F. , Coulon C. , Lérisson H. , Priso R.-H. , Manucci-Lahoche A.
Published: August 2020

Les valves de l’urètre postérieur (VUP) représentent une des principales causes d’insuffisance rénale terminale chez les enfants de sexe masculin. Elles sont la cause principale d’obstruction sous-vésicale chez le fœtus avec une incidence de 2,1/10 000 naissances. L’accès au diagnostic anténatal permet d’envisager pour les cas les plus graves (oligoamnios sévère et/ou syndrome polymalformatif) une interruption de grossesse et d’optimiser, pour les cas moins sévères, la prise en charge néonatale ainsi que le suivi pédiatrique. À chaque étape, à chaque âge, une approche pluridisciplinaire est indispensable afin d’optimiser le suivi et d’informer de manière la plus complète possible les parents et les soignants prenant en charge ces patients. Cet article de revue envisage le parcours de ces patients avec tout d’abord le diagnostic (anténatal) puis leur prise en charge et leur suivi au long terme. Il s’agit de gérer au mieux la survenue de complications et d’éviter ainsi une évolution vers l’insuffisance rénale terminale. Cette approche pluridisciplinaire avec un échange d’information permanent permet une prise en charge optimisée assurant la continuité.
Le diagnostic anténatal : un long fleuve tranquille ? Réflexion sur l’évolution des pratiques au CHU de Montpellier
Authors: Clutier-Seguin J.
Published: August 2020

Témoignage d’une pratique par une sage-femme débutant son exercice en même temps que le diagnostic anténatal (DAN), l’article décrit les étapes techniques et l’évolution permanente d’un cadre législatif rigoureux. L’hypermédicalisation s’est imposée de manière exponentielle en même temps que la nécessité d’affronter les émotions et les temporalités différentes entre équipes et couples. Les séquelles émotionnelles chez les femmes et les couples obligent à inventer un accompagnement relationnel adéquat. Il fallait avancer ensemble, trouver les bons mots, donner une nouvelle place aux femmes et aux conjoints, aider les professionnels pour qu’ils puissent faire face aux émotions violentes, améliorer les transmissions, recueillir des témoignages, inventer des modèles de prise en charge, enfin construire des formations adéquates. Une histoire collective s’est écrite au fil des progrès et se poursuit : la loi, les parents, les soignants. L’efficacité du travail en équipe, l’ouverture sur la pluridisciplinarité, la capacité d’adapter les pratiques au cas par cas, la richesse du travail en « indirect » avec les pédopsychiatres, la création de nouveaux outils de communication pour assurer la cohérence du suivi sont autant d’acquis significatifs. Le chemin du DAN demande aux soignants de rester vigilants et inventifs pour garder intacts les projets de vie des parents rencontrés. La place du père est devenue évidente et nécessaire en prévention des difficultés ultérieures. Une méthode récente de reprise des antécédents obstétricaux, alliant dossier médical et narration par la personne concernée, permet de remobiliser le traumatisme séquellaire par une resynchronisation des données concrètes et des traces mémorielles chez la femme.
Publication rate of abstracts presented at the annual meetings of the AANS/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves
Authors: Ramos Miguel Bertelli , Matté Dagostini Carolina , Rabau Oded , Navarro-Ramirez Rodrigo , Ouellet Jean A. , Falavigna Asdrubal , Teles Alisson R.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to determine the publication rate of abstracts presented at the annual meetings of the AANS/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves (Spine Summit).

METHODS

The authors used a search algorithm in PubMed to determine the publication rate of abstracts presented at the Spine Summit from 2007 to 2012. The variables assessed were presentation modality, topic, meeting year, publication year, destiny journal and its 5-year impact factor (IF), country, and citation count (retrieved from the Scopus database).

RESULTS

One thousand four hundred thirty-six abstracts were analyzed; 502 were oral presentations and 934 were digital poster presentations. The publication rate was 53.97% (775/1436). The mean time from presentation to publication was 1.35 ± 1.97 years (95% CI 1.21–1.49 years). The mean citation count of published articles was 40.55 ± 55.21 (95% CI 36.66–44.44). Oral presentations had a higher publication rate (71.51%, 359/502) than digital posters (44.54%, 416/934; OR 3.13, 95% CI 2.48–3.95, p < 0.001). Oral presentations had a higher number of citations (55.51 ± 69.00, 95% CI 48.35–62.67) than digital posters (27.64 ± 34.88, 95% CI 24.28–31.00, p < 0.001). The mean IF of published articles was 3.48 ± 2.91 (95% CI 3.27–3.70). JNS: Spine (191/775, 24.64%), Spine (103/775, 13.29%), and Neurosurgery (56/775, 7.23%) had the greatest number of published articles. The US represented the highest number of published articles (616/775, 79.48%).

CONCLUSIONS

The publication rate of the Spine Summit is among the highest compared to other spine meetings. Many of the abstracts initially presented at the meeting are further published in high-IF journals and had a high citation count. Therefore, the Spine Summit maintains its high standards of scientific papers, which reflects the high quality of the research performed in the spine surgery field in North America.
International Courts and Tribunals – the New Environmental Sentinels in International Law
Authors: Desai Bharat H. , Sidhu Balraj K.
Published: August 2020

This study examines the role of international courts and tribunals (ICTs) as important agents for the peaceful settlement of international disputes through the instrumentality of law. The rapid upswing in the number of specialised international courts and tribunals (in areas such as trade, human rights, law of the sea, criminal justice and environment) can be perceived as an attempt by sovereign States to maintain the viability of ICTs in light of perplexity in international relations, growing recognition of peaceful co-existence, quest for institutionalised cooperation and emergence of some of the “common concerns of humankind”, as well as the “duty to cooperate”. The article has sought to make sense of the emergence of ICTs as the “New Environmental Sentinels” and what it portends for our common future. Do we need a specialised international environmental court?
Association Between Leptin, Cognition, and Structural Brain Measures Among “Early” Middle-Aged Adults: Results from the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation Cohort
Authors: Sanborn Victoria , Preis Sarah R. , Ang Alvin , Devine Sherral , Mez Jesse , DeCarli Charles , Au Rhoda , Alosco Michael L. , Gunstad John
Published: August 2020

Background:

There is growing interest in the pathophysiological processes of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including the potential role of leptin. Human studies have shown that both low and high levels of leptin can be associated with worse neurocognitive outcomes, suggesting this relationship may be moderated by another risk factor.

Objective:

We examined the association between plasma leptin levels and both neuropsychological test performance and structural neuroimaging and assessed whether body mass index (BMI) is an effect modifier of these associations.

Methods:

Our study sample consisted of 2,223 adults from the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation Cohort (average age = 40 years, 53% women).

Results:

Among the entire sample, there was no association between leptin and any of the neuropsychological domain measures or any of the MRI brain volume measures, after adjustment for BMI, APOE4, and other clinical factors. However, we did observe that BMI category was an effect modifier for the association between leptin and verbal memory (p for interaction = 0.03), where higher levels of leptin were associated with better performance among normal weight participants (BMI 18.5–24.9) kg/m2 (beta = 0.12, p = 0.02). No association was observed between leptin level and verbal memory test performance among participants who were overweight or obese.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the association between leptin and cognitive function is moderated by BMI category. Prospective examination of individuals transitioning from middle age to older adulthood will help to clarify the contribution of leptin to AD and other neurodegenerative conditions.
Detection and Prediction of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Authors: Rai Surya Prakash , Bascuñana Pablo , Brackhan Mirjam , Krohn Markus , Möhle Luisa , Paarmann Kristin , Pahnke Jens
Published: August 2020

Background:

The recent failure of clinical trials to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD) indicates that the current approach of modifying disease is either wrong or is too late to be efficient. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) denotes the phase between the preclinical phase and clinical overt dementia. AD mouse models that overexpress human amyloid-β (Aβ) are used to study disease pathogenesis and to conduct drug development/testing. However, there is no direct correlation between the Aβ deposition, the age of onset, and the severity of cognitive dysfunction.

Objective:

To detect and predict MCI when Aβ plaques start to appear in the hippocampus of an AD mouse.

Methods:

We trained wild-type and AD mice in a Morris water maze (WM) task with different inter-trial intervals (ITI) at 3 months of age and assessed their WM performance. Additionally, we used a classification algorithm to predict the genotype (APPtg versus wild-type) of an individual mouse from their respective WM data.

Results:

MCI can be empirically detected using a short-ITI protocol. We show that the ITI modulates the spatial learning of AD mice without affecting the formation of spatial memory. Finally, a simple classification algorithm such as logistic regression on WM data can give an accurate prediction of the cognitive dysfunction of a specific mouse.

Conclusion:

MCI can be detected as well as predicted simultaneously with the onset of Aβ deposition in the hippocampus in AD mouse model. The mild cognitive impairment prediction can be used for assessing the efficacy of a treatment.
¿Existe una ética específicamente cristiana?
Authors: Fuchs Josef
Published: August 2020

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La información como problema político de la Comisión de Información y Turismo de las Cortes Españolas
Authors: Prieto F.
Published: August 2020

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PERAN KOMUNIKASI SATUAN POLISI PAMONG PRAJA (SATPOL PP) DALAM MEMBERIKAN PEMBINAAN KEPADA PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL)
Authors: Desthiani Unik
Published: August 2020

Abstrak-Komunikasi merupakan hal penting dalam kehidupan manusia, dengan berkomunikasi manusia dapat memahami satu sama lain, mengenai keinginan, kebutuhan dan juga tujuannya. Untuk dapat memperoleh pemahaman satu sama lain dan mencapai tujuan, komunikasi harus dilakukan dengan efektif jika tidak dilakukan secara efektif, maka yang timbul adalah kesalahpahaman dan konflik. Komunikasi dapat dilakukan diberbagai lingkungan, baik itu keluarga, masyarakat maupun perusahaan. Dalam lingkungan perusahaan, komunikasi merupakan salah satu faktor penting untuk dapat mewujudkan tujuan perusahaan. Komunikasi dalam suatu perusahaan dapat terjadi antara: pemimpin dengan pemimpin, pemimpin dengan bawahan, sesama bawahan, staf perusahaan dengan pelanggan atau masyarakat. Salah satu profesi yang sangat membutuhkan komunikasi yang baik adalah Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja (Satpol PP), profesi ini berhubungan langsung dengan masyarakat luas di mana Satpol PP memiliki kewajiban untuk menegakkan peraturan pemerintah daerah, misalnya: mengenai ketertiban umum   yang melarang pedagang kaki lima untuk berjualan di trotoar, untuk itu seorang Satpol PP harus dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik untuk memberikan pengertian dan pemahaman kepada Pedagang Kaki Lima agar tidak menimbulkan konflik atau kerusuhan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran komunikasi Satpol PP dalam memberikan pembinaan kepada pedagang kaki lima. Kata kunci: Komunikasi, Satpol PP, Pembinaan Pedagang Kaki Lima  Abstract-Communication is an important thing in human life, by communicating humans can understand each other, about their wants, needs and goals. To be able to gain understanding of one another and achieve goals, communication must be done effectively if not done effectively, then what arises is misunderstanding and conflict. Communication can be done in various environments, be it family, community or company. In the corporate environment, communication is one of the important factors in achieving company goals. Communication within a company can occur between: leader with leader, leader with subordinates, fellow subordinates, company staff with customers or the community. One of the professions that really need good communication is the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP), this profession deals directly with the wider community where Satpol PP has an obligation to enforce local government regulations, for example: regarding public order which prohibits street vendors from selling on the sidewalk, for that a Satpol PP must be able to communicate well to provide understanding and understanding to street vendors so as not to cause conflict or riots. This writing aims to determine the communication role of Satpol PP in providing guidance to street vendors. Keywords: Communication, Satpol PP, Guiding Street Vendors
DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS
Authors: Narula Kashish , Dara Narendra Kumar , Meena Shyam Lal
Published: August 2020

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group.

Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group.

Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction.

Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL
ASSESSMENT OF SUSPICIOUS OVARIAN MASSES BY COMPARATIVE STUDY OF USG AND CT TECHNIQUES
Authors: Rai Hari Kishore , Vivekanand Swami
Published: August 2020

Undoubtedly, most ovarian lesions, endometrial pathology and uterine lesions are best detected with ultrasound. Computed tomography (CT) imaging offers better diagnostic capabilities for large pelvic masses, tubo- ovarian abscesses, postoperative and postpartum complications. In some cases, Computed Tomography (CT) is employed to achieve optimal differential Diagnosis to determine the clinical pathway to follow. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Suspicious Ovarian Masses by Comparative Study of USG and CT Techniques.

The present study was planned in Department of Radio- Diagnosis, Katihar Medical College, Katihar (Al-Karim University), Bihar, India. In the present study 50 females were enrolled having Suspicious Ovarian Masses. Computed tomography (CT) and USG characteristics of different lesions were noted and recorded. The histopathological diagnosis was followed up and recorded. The results of this study were analysed and compared with other available studies in literature.

The data generated from the present study concludes that Ultrasonography is usually the first imaging modality in evaluation of female patients suspected to have pelvic pathology. Computed tomography is superior diagnostic imaging modality than USG prior to treatment which improved detection and characterization of tumour due to better diagnostic accuracy and consequently reduction of invasive procedure which lead to significant reduction of mortality and morbidity from tumour.

Keywords: Ovarian Masses, Comparative Study, USG, CT Techniques, etc.
THE ROLE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE DETECTION OF UROLITHIASIS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RENAL COLIC
Authors: Gosavi Sanjay Narayangiri , Meena Virendra K , Tambi Ayush
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic Ultrasonography compared to unenhanced helical CT scan in detecting urinary stones in patients with acute renal colic. This retrospective study comprised of 156 patients who undergo unenhanced urinary tract CT scan and ultrasonography for thought of urolithiasis. Both techniques were used to resolve the presence or absence, site, size, and number of urinary stones, as well as company of any other intra-abdominal pathology. For statistical analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography were deliberate considering unenhanced CT scan as a gold normal. Unpaired two-tailed student’s t-test was used for judgment between mean size of true positive, false positive, and false negative stones. There were 68 patients having 115 urinary stones. Ultrasound identified 54 stones, missed 43, and falsely diagnosed 18 stones. The mean size of true positive, false positive, and false negative stones were 4.8 ± 3.3 mm, 6 ± 1.8 mm and 4.18 ± 3 mm, respectively. There were 23 patients with other intra-abdominal pathologies, equally detected by both techniques. Ultrasound helped in identifying the cause of acute flank pain in 62% of cases. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and correctness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of renal stone disease were 58%, 91%, 79%, 78%, and 78%, respectively. Our study suggests that, despite its limited value in detecting urinary stones, ultrasonography should be performed as an initial assessment in patients with acute flank pain. Unenhanced helical CT should be reserved for patients in whom ultrasonography is uncertain.

Keywords: Ultrasonography, CT scan
NEUROSONOGRAPHY SPECTRUM OF HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
Authors: Jakhar Sunil , Parihar Bineeta Singh , Bhandari Anu , Mendiratta Kuldeep , Bagarhatta Meenu
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a very catastrophic condition that may result in severe neurologic deficits or even death. Neuroimaging with transcranial ultrasound (US) is a valuable tool in the workup of patients with HIE. The pattern of brain injury depends on the severity and duration of hypoxia and degree of brain maturation.1

Aim: To study imaging spectrum of various stages of HIE

Objective: To determine severity of HIE on basis of Neuro-sonography.

Settings and Design: The study was conducted at J K Lone Paediatric hospital attached to SMS hospital. It is a Prospective study.

Materials and Method: Pre term neonates having some history of hypoxia antenatally or perinatally like placental abruption, low Apgar at delivery, seizures coming to JK lone Paediatric Hospital attached to SMS hospital referred to Dept of Radiodiagnosis for evaluation of HIE were scanned using Transcranial ultrasound it included grayscale on Hitachi machine.

Results- Different grades of HIE changes were witnessed. Out of 33 cases:

5 neonates were sonographically normal, 3 showed grade 1 GMH, 3 showed grade 2 GMH, 4 showed grade 3 GMH and 4 showed grade 4 . 3 neonates showed grade 1 PVL, 2 grade 2 PVL, 4 showed grade 3 PVL, 5 showed grade 4 PVL. In doppler findings of ACA, it was noted the RI (resistive index) was on the higher side.

Conclusion: Neurosonography and doppler is very helpful non-invasive tool to detect early changes of HIE and assess severity and progression of hypoxic brain injury.    

Keywords: HIE, hypoxic brain injury, germinal matrix haemorrhage and periventricular leucomalacia
STUDY TO ANALYZE THE DRUG SENSITIVITY PROFILE OF THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM SORE THROAT: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.
Authors: . Abhiniti , Lal Pawan Kumar
Published: August 2020

Aim: to analyze the drug sensitivity profile of the patients suffering from sore throat.

Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Among 200 patients of either gender and of any age group attended the OPD of the ENT presented with the complaint of sore throat, throat pain, throat irritation, throat itching and foreign body sensation were recruited. A thorough ENT examination is done including ear examination, throat examination, and nasal examination. Throat swab samples collected through a sterile culture sensitivity tube and sent to microbiological lab and culture sensitivity reports collected from the patients during follow up visits.

Results: majority of the patients were male 58.5% and rest 41.5% were female. Gram negative organisms are detected in (70.5%), Gram positive organisms detected (21.0%), and no organism detected (8.5%) of the swab samples.

Conclusion: gram positive organisms were resistant to benzyl penicillin or ampicillin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin and sensitive to tetracycline, gentamicin, linezolid. Gram negative organisms were resistant to ampicillin, amoxyclav and sensitive to pipracillin or tazobactum, cefoperazone, amikacin, gentamicin, imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin.

Keywords: couture, throat swab, gram positive, gram negative, throat infection
NEO DENTIST AT FUTURE CROSS ROADS: A SURVEY
Authors: Zabroo Mohammad Ali Bhat , Quazi Syeda Shamima Nastaran , Ara Nuzhat , Changmai Arindom , Kumar Arunoday
Published: August 2020

Face in general is an index of personality. Facial appearance has a great impact on overall self esteem of an individual and dentists have a vital role in enhancing their patient’s personality. It’s not just a tooth treating profession but a personality developing profession. Despite being a lucrative job, recent trend has shown an attitude change in student’s persuing dentistry. Hence a questionnaire based study was conducted in Jaipur Dental College to access the attitude of young dentist’s regarding their knowledge, thinking and future goals.

Aim: The aim is to bring the sufferings of dental graduates in light of the peers of the community to take some tough decisions to curb the menace.

Material and Method: A questionnaire related to various aspects of dentistry was prepared. After obtaining proper written permission from the college authorities, the questions were answered in hard copy format of the questionnaire.

Results: The questionnaire results revealed that only half of the dentists have chosen their profession by their own will whereas others have been into the profession by either parents will or some other reasons.

Keywords: Questionnaire, dental graduates, establishments
Clinical Application of Near-infrared Autofluorescence Detection of Parathyroid Glands in Thyroid Surgery
Authors: Wan Hui , Xu Juanfang , Yu Zhengyang
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) imaging, nano-carbon negative imaging and conventional naked eye recognition technology in recognizing parathyroid glands during surgery, and to preliminary evaluate the effectiveness, safety and feasibility of NIRAF imaging in the recognition of parathyroid glands. The clinical trials retrospectively analyzed 36 patients, including 12 patients in Group A (NIRAF imaging group),  12 patients in Group B (nano-carbon negative imaging group), and 12 patients in Group C (conventional naked eye recognition group). The number of parathyroid glands recognized during surgery in Group A was more than that in Group B and C. The time taken to recognize parathyroid glands in Group A was shorter than that in Group B and C. There was no significant difference in the average calcium ion levels of the three groups A, B and C before surgery. After surgery, the average calcium ion level of Group A was not significantly different from that of Group B, but it was higher than that of Group C, and the difference was significant. The incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia in Group A was not significantly different from that in Group B, but it was lower than that in Group C. The incidence of postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia in Group A was lower than that in Group B and C. Compared with traditional technology, NIRAF can recognize more parathyroid glands during surgery, take less time, and make the probability of postoperative hypocalcemia and symptomatic hypocalcemia lower during thyroid surgery. It needs noninvasive and simple operation. It is a kind of safe, effective and feasible parathyroid gland recognition technology, which is worth further exploration.
Discussion on the Construction of Experimental Technical Team of Higher Engineering Education under the Background of “Double First-class” Construction
Authors: Li Jianyong , Li Jianfeng , Jiang Zhaoliang , Zhu Zhenjie
Published: August 2020

“Double first-class” construction is a major strategic plan made by China in the new historical period. Under this background, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in the construction of the experimental technical team in higher engineering education, such as inadequate understanding, inadequate management, inadequate incentive, and inadequate guarantee. It studies the construction of experimental technical team from four aspects: management methods, a personnel introduction and mobility mechanism, evaluation and incentive methods and construction and training measures. Based on the idea of “four-dimension integration” innovation-driven post-performance, “three levels and two categories” experimental technical team construction scheme of higher engineering education is put forward.
O Psicólogo no ambiente hospitalar: técnicas cognitivo-comportamentais para a redução do estresse e ansiedade
Authors: Ribeiro Thayanne Mayul de Souza Borges
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem por finalidade expor algumas das principais técnicas fundamentadas na Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental. Objetiva-se, apresentar as práticas para lidar e até mesmo reduzir com o estresse e a ansiedade dentro do contexto hospitalar. As intervenções mostram práticas como a respiração diafragmática, técnicas de relaxamento, treinamento do controle do estresse, registro de pensamentos disfuncionais que propiciam a reestruturação cognitiva. Realizou-se um levantamento de periódicos nacionais e internacionais acerca das técnicas utilizadas e, as consequências do estresse a ansiedade. O modo como o sujeito se relaciona, interpreta e dá sentido e significado aos fatos e a situações estressoras, principalmente no ambiente hospitalar. Assim sendo, o psicólogo é o profissional responsável por facilitar à compreensão do processo saúde e doença. Além de dar suporte emocional a equipe multidisciplinar, aos pacientes e aos acompanhantes deles. Visto que a Terapia Cognitiva-Comportamental pode ser considerada com uma autoterapia que propicia o bem estar físico e psíquico.
Попередні відомості про гриби та грибоподібні організми Національного природного парку «Дністровський каньйон»
Authors: АКУЛОВ ОЛЕКСАНДР ЮРІЙОВИЧ , УСІЧЕНКО АНДРІЙ СЕРГІЙОВИЧ
Published: August 2020

Під час дослідження мікобіоти Національного природного парку «Дністровський каньйон» (Тернопільска обл.) виявлено 337 видів грибів та грибоподібних протистів, серед них 25 належать до відділу Myxomycota, 2 – Zygomycota, 192 – Ascomycota та 118 – Basidiomycota. Чотири види (Neocucurbitaria prunicola, Neomedicopsis prunicola, Polyscytalum neofecundissimum та Roussoella euonymi) нещодавно були описані одним з авторів статті як нові для науки. 21 вид з території дослідженого національного парку є новими для України. Це Acremonium domschii, Arachnocrea stipata, Bertiella rhodospila, Ceratostomella pyrenaica, Colletotrichum eryngiicola, Cosmospora arxii, Dialonectria diatrypicola, Fenestella media, Hypomyces subiculosus, Isaria fumosorosea , Massaria campestris, Nectriopsis oropensoides, Parafenestella rosacearum, Pseudocosmospora eutypae, P. eutypellae, P. hypoxylicola, Repetophragma inflatum, Stylonectria carpini, Thyronectria rhodochlora, Tolypocladium microsporum та Tympanosporium parasiticum. Ще 17 видів є рідкісними. Серед них три Kavinia himantia, Mucronella calva та Xylobolus frustulatus є видами-індикаторами корінних, добре збережених лісів. Серед зібраних грибів переважна більшість є ксилофільними (181 вид) та мікофільними (69 видів). Гриби решти екологічних груп у парку залишаються майже недослідженими.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU IBU HAMIL DALAM MELAKUKAN DETEKSI DINI RISIKO TINGGI KEHAMILAN
Authors: Mardiyanti Ika , Anggasari Yasi
Published: August 2020

Setiap kehamilan mempunyai kemungkinan terjadi komplikasi dapat membahayakan ibu atau bayi, baik pada kehamilan risiko rendah, maupun risiko tinggi. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah kehamilan risiko tinggi ibu hamil adalah dengan melakukan deteksi dini risiko tinggi pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa yang berhubungan dengan perilaku ibu hamil dalam melakukan deteksi dini risiko tinggi kehamilan di PMB Ika Mardiyanti Desa Jedong Cangkring Prambon Sidoarjo.

Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan tehnik simple random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer, dengan melakukan anamnesa terhadap perilaku ibu hamil dalam deteksi dini kehamilan risiko tinggi. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Regresi linier.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (56,7%) responden berusia risiko rendah (20-35 tahun), (83,3%) berpendidikan menengah, (80%) berpendapatan cukup, (60%) berpengalaman, (63,3%) berpengetahuan cukup, (40%) tidak pernah terpapar media, (60%) perilaku tidak tercapai. Analisis statistik dengan regresi linier didapatkan ρ>0,05 yang berarti faktor usia, pendidikan, pendapatan, pengalaman, pengetahuan, paparan media tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku.

Kesimpulan Tidak ada faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perilaku ibu hamil dalam melakukan deteksi dini risiko tinggi kehamilan di PMB Ika Mardiyanti Diharapkan bidan meningkatkan KIE tentang deteksi dini kehamilan risiko tinggi sehingga mampu menurunkan angka kejadian komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan.
PENGARUH SOSIALISASI KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA MELALUI METODE SIMULASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KETRAMPILAN DALAM MENGAHADAPI BENCANA PADA MAHASISWA SIAGA BENCANA (MAGANA) UNIVERSITAS NAHDLATUL ULAMA SURABAYA
Authors: Winoto Priyo Mukti Pribadi , Zahroh Chilyatiz
Published: August 2020

Kesiapsiagaan bencana merupakan serangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi bencana melalui pengorganisasian serta melalui langkah yang tepat guna dan berdaya guna. Namun masih banyak diantara kita belum siap apa yang harus dilakukan jika terjadi bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sosialisasi terhadap ketrampilan mahasiswa untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan dalam mengahadapi bencana.

Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan tehnik simple random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer, dengan memberikan sosialisasi dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan demonstrasi, selanjutnya melihat ketrampilan remaja dengan mengggunakan ceklist. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Willcoxon.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (65%) responden berusia 16-18 tahun, (60%) tidak pernah mendapatkan informasi tentang kebencanaan.Analisis statistik dengan Willcoxon didapatkan ρ=0,003<α=0,05 artinya ada pengaruh simulasi kebencanaan terhadap ketrampilan, dan dari hasil Mann Withney didapatkan ρ=0,007<α=0,05 artinya ada beda ketrampilan antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol.

Kesimpulan ada pengaruh pemberian simulasi terhadap ketrampilan pada mahasiswa siaga bencana. Diharapkan perawat mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan ketrampilan masyarakat tentang penatalaksanaan kegawatdaruratan di komunitas.
Towards a Lutheran Theology of Bodily Healing
Authors: Henriksen Jan-Olav
Published: August 2020

Several scholars (A. Porterfield, G. Wingren) have suggested that Lutheran theology, despite its focus on the importance of creation, seems to lack an adequate theology for the healing of the body. This claim is here taken up, discussed and substantiated, in order to suggest a constructive theology of bodily healing from a Lutheran perspective. A Lutheran theology of bodily healing needs to be based on a doctrine of creation as well as in an understanding of the healing ministry of Jesus. This approach allows for a perspective that sees such healing as presence and revelation of God, as grace, and as related to, but not conditioned by, faith.
Mental Health Education in Australian Paramedic Curriculum – a Scoping Review
Authors: Parent Alex , Smith Ryan , Townsend Ruth , Johnston Tania
Published: August 2020

Introduction

Mental health represents a growing concern for health services in Australia. Paramedics are increasingly becoming the first point-of-contact for patients experiencing an acute mental health episode. Despite this increasing prevalence of cases there is an established body of literature outlining that paramedics feel inadequately trained to manage these patients.

Aim

This research aimed to identify how the management of acutely unwell mental health patients is included in paramedic curricula in Australia.

Methods

A scoping review methodology was used in association with a thematic analysis of university learning outcomes related to mental health education for Bachelor of Paramedic programs in Australia. It was identified that there are considerable discrepancies between university learning outcomes for mental health education of paramedics.

Discussion

Mental health management of patients is not integrated throughout curricula, with most students only being exposed to mental health education once in their degree usually as a theoretical subject with no specific mental health practice placement. Further, the existence of discrepancies regarding mental health management education between paramedic courses creates an unequal minimum standard of education among graduating paramedic students.

Conclusion

Given the prevalence of mental health cases and the special powers that paramedics have to manage these cases, as well as the fact that mental health does not discriminate between jurisdictions (ie. patients present and should be managed similarly in all states and territories), the authors argue that special consideration by the profession should be given to mandating a consistency in mental health management education across all paramedic Bachelor degree programs.
Mental Health of School-Going Children during Existing Lockdown Situation Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Anwar , Rahman Sanjida , Karim Md Rezaul
Published: August 2020

During this epidemic of COVID-19, children are in need of much concentration and profound love of the senior family members. Although the measures taken by the organizations are necessary to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus, they may be causing widespread mental health issues, including depression and loneliness. Therefore, it is imperative that parents have to spend the lion-share of time with children while listening to them cordially. Parents can participate in sports with them to help them stay fit so that they can enjoy commemorating moments. However, in this additional time, the parents can also make them habituated to practice the rules of health, so does social distancing.

Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(1):33-37
ANALISIS KEANDALAN ALAT BERAT TERHADAP TINGKAT PRODUKTIVITAS STUDI KASUS PCS
Authors: Sulaiman Mochamad
Published: August 2020

Prinsip utama semua perusahaan ialah bertujuan untuk selalu berkembang mencapai kemajuan dan mencapai keuntungan yang maksimal. PCS merupakan salah satu anak perusahaan sebuah BUMN yang bergerak pada bidang penyedia jasa alat berat pada induk perusahaan BUMN bidang pertanian. Ketergantungan dengan alat berat pada kelancaran proses produksi sangatlah tinggi dan vital. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat keandalan alat berat wheel loader yang dipakai dalam proses produksi. Serta bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas dari perusahaan tersebut. Penelitian dan pengambilan data dilakukan di office dan area kerja PCS pada wilayah produksi perusahaan BUMN induknya. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, dan jenis penelitian survei analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (1) tingkat keandalan alat berat (0.560) sangat tinggi pengaruhnya terhadap indeks produktivitas alat berat (0.73) itu sendiri dan juga pada produksi maupun kinerja perusahaan secara keseluruhan, (2) kerusakan alat berat yang paling sering adalah karena kerusakan pada bak dan mesin penggerak, yang mana kerusakan disebabkan oleh faktor area kerja yang kadar korosif tinggi serta tingkah laku operator yang kurang disiplin, dan (3) perlu adanya perbaikan Sistem Manajemen Perawatan lebih lanjut. Seperti pemantapan dan penekanan prinsip 5R pada tempat kerja, pengetanan jadwal inspeksi alat berat, serta peningkatan skill operator.
MODIFIKASI SPCE (SCREEN PRINTED CARBON ELECTRODE) DENGAN PEDOT-PSS (POLY (3,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE) POLY (STYRENE SULFONIC ACID)) UNTUK PENENTUAN FENOL
Authors: Andhika Farahdilla
Published: August 2020

Pada penelitian ini, modifikasi Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE) secara fisik dilakukan dengan menggunakan poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT-PSS) untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas penentuan fenol secara voltametri. Pengukuran fenol dilakukan dengan metode differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) pada kisaran potensial -0,5 sampai 1 Volt, durasi 180 detik, potensial deposisi -0,5 Volt, dan kecepatan penyapuan 100 mV/s pada pH 6-9, rentang konsentrasi fenol 0-100 mikro M, serta konsentrasi PEDOT-PSS sebesar 0-100%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peningkatan konsentrasi PEDOT-PSS berpengaruh terhadap respon arus. Kondisi optimum dicapai pada pH 8 dengan konsentrasi PEDOT-PSS 50%, sensitivitas sebesar 0.009 mikro A/mikro M dengan batas deteksi 0.1595 mikro M.