bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hostigamiento y acoso sexual a mujeres en la profesión contable
Authors: Lasso Lerma Laura Ximena , Chamorro Gonzalez Candy , Ariza Ruiz Efrén Danilo
Published: August 2024

La presente investigación se enfoca en analizar la estructura, alcance e impacto de la Violencia Basada en Género (VBG), hostigamiento y acoso sexual sobre la mujer en contextos laborales y académicos de la profesión contable desde una perspectiva crítica de la disciplina. Para ello, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a contadoras, funcionarias de la Secretaria de la Mujer y Bienestar Institucional; se realizó la revisión estadística de observatorios de violencias de género a nivel nacional y distrital; y se aplicó muestreo probabilístico de información a las diferentes universidades de Bogotá con modalidad de estudio a distancia-virtual y a entidades reguladoras de la profesión.
Los resultados muestran la existencia profunda de un patriarcado simbólico en los contextos laborales y académicos en los que se desempeñan las mujeres contadoras públicas, que invisibiliza las problemáticas y demuestra la ineficacia, abandono y falta de compromiso con el bienestar de las universitarias en general, y las profesionales en el campo contable. Esto, genera consecuencias negativas para las víctimas en su lugar de trabajo, estudio y calidad de vida, con posibles salvaguardas ineficientes que garanticen un quehacer contable dentro del marco de la dignidad, responsabilidad social empresarial y ética profesional.
Relação entre gerenciamento de resultados, perdas por impairment e estágios do ciclo de vida em empresas brasileiras
Authors: Pinho Galiza Rosana , Morais dos Santos Odilanei
Published: August 2024

Este estudo tem o objetivo de investigar a relação da perda oriunda dos testes de impairment de ativos com o gerenciamento de resultado de empresas brasileiras, considerando os diferentes estágios do ciclo de vida organizacional, conforme classificação de Dickinson. As análises foram realizadas com uma amostra de empresas brasileiras de capital aberto do período de 2011 a 2020, totalizando 2.527 observações, aplicando-se regressões por MQO e o modelo Jones modificado para o cálculo dos accruals. Há indícios de que o gerenciamento de resultado se relaciona com as perdas por impairment e essa relação tende a ser diferente entre os estágios do ciclo de vida das empresas. Identificou-se que empresas nos estágios crescimento e turbulências possuem maior propensão para redução dos lucros e empresas nos estágios introdução e maturidade, para o aumento dos lucros, por meio da utilização das perdas por impairment. O estudo contribui para as pesquisas que envolvem o gerenciamento de resultado ao combinar as perdas por impairment com os diferentes estágios do ciclo de vida organizacional e traz novas evidências para o entendimento do tema gerenciamento de resultados e, consequentemente, sobre a qualidade da informação contábil.
Leptothrix ochracea
genomes reveal potential for mixotrophic growth on Fe(II) and organic carbon
Authors: Tothero Gracee K. , Hoover Rene L. , Farag Ibrahim F. , Kaplan Daniel I. , Weisenhorn Pamela , Emerson David , Chan Clara S.
Published: August 2024

Leptothrix ochracea
creates distinctive iron-mineralized mats that carpet streams and wetlands. Easily recognized by its iron-mineralized sheaths,
L. ochracea
was one of the first microorganisms described in the 1800s. Yet it has never been isolated and does not have a complete genome sequence available, so key questions about its physiology remain unresolved. It is debated whether iron oxidation can be used for energy or growth and if
L. ochracea
is an autotroph, heterotroph, or mixotroph. To address these issues, we sampled
L. ochracea
-rich mats from three of its typical environments (a stream, wetlands, and a drainage channel) and reconstructed nine high-quality genomes of
L. ochracea
from metagenomes. These genomes contain iron oxidase genes
cyc2
and
mtoA,
showing that
L. ochracea
has the potential to conserve energy from iron oxidation. Sox genes confer potential to oxidize sulfur for energy. There are genes for both carbon fixation (RuBisCO) and utilization of sugars and organic acids (acetate, lactate, and formate).
In silico
stoichiometric metabolic models further demonstrated the potential for growth using sugars and organic acids. Metatranscriptomes showed a high expression of genes for iron oxidation; aerobic respiration; and utilization of lactate, acetate, and sugars, as well as RuBisCO, supporting mixotrophic growth in the environment. In summary, our results suggest that
L. ochracea
has substantial metabolic flexibility. It is adapted to iron-rich, organic carbon-containing wetland niches, where it can thrive as a mixotrophic iron oxidizer by utilizing both iron oxidation and organics for energy generation and both inorganic and organic carbon for cell and sheath production.

IMPORTANCE

Winogradsky's observations of
L. ochracea
led him to propose autotrophic iron oxidation as a new microbial metabolism, following his work on autotrophic sulfur-oxidizers. While much culture-based research has ensued, isolation proved elusive, so most work on
L. ochracea
has been based in the environment and in microcosms. Meanwhile, the autotrophic
Gallionella
became the model for freshwater microbial iron oxidation, while heterotrophic and mixotrophic iron oxidation is not well-studied. Ecological studies have shown that
Leptothrix
overtakes
Gallionella
when dissolved organic carbon content increases, demonstrating distinct niches. This study presents the first near-complete genomes of
L. ochracea
, which share some features with autotrophic iron oxidizers, while also incorporating heterotrophic metabolisms. These genome, metabolic modeling, and transcriptome results give us a detailed metabolic picture of how the organism may combine lithoautotrophy with organoheterotrophy to promote Fe oxidation and C cycling and drive many biogeochemical processes resulting from microbial growth and iron oxyhydroxide formation in wetlands.
Identification of YigL as a PLP/PNP phosphatase in
Escherichia coli
Authors: Matsuo Hinano , Yamada Naoki , Hemmi Hisashi , Ito Tomokazu
Published: August 2024

In various organisms, the coenzyme form of vitamin B
6
, pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), is synthesized from pyridoxine phosphate (PNP). Control of PNP levels is crucial for metabolic homeostasis because PNP has the potential to inhibit PLP-dependent enzymes and proteins. Although the only known pathway for PNP metabolism in
Escherichia coli
involves oxidation by PNP oxidase, we detected a strong PNP phosphatase activity in
E. coli
cell lysate. To identify the unknown PNP phosphatase(s), we performed a multicopy suppressor screening using the
E. coli serA pdxH
strain, which displays PNP-dependent conditional lethality. The results showed that overexpression of the
yigL
gene, encoding a putative sugar phosphatase, effectively alleviated the PNP toxicity. Biochemical analysis revealed that YigL has strong phosphatase activity against PNP. A
yigL
mutant exhibited decreased PNP phosphatase activity, elevated intracellular PNP concentrations, and increased PNP sensitivity, highlighting the important role of YigL in PNP homeostasis. YigL also shows reactivity with PLP. The phosphatase activity of PLP in
E. coli
cell lysate was significantly reduced by mutation of
yigL
and nearly abolished by additional mutation of
ybhA
, which encodes putative PLP phosphatase. These results underscore the important contribution of YigL, in combination with YbhA, as a primary enzyme in the dephosphorylation of both PNP and PLP in
E. coli
.

IMPORTANCE

Pyridoxine phosphate (PNP) metabolism is critical for both vitamin B
6
homeostasis and cellular metabolism. In
Escherichia coli
, oxidation of PNP was the only known mechanism for controlling PNP levels. This study uncovered a novel phosphatase-mediated mechanism for PNP homeostasis. Multicopy suppressor screening, kinetic analysis of the enzyme, and knockout/overexpression studies identified YigL as a key PNP phosphatase that contributes to PNP homeostasis when facing elevated PNP concentrations in
E. coli
. This study also revealed a significant contribution of YigL, in combination with YbhA, to PLP metabolism, shedding light on the mechanisms of vitamin B
6
regulation in bacteria.
Vibrio cholerae
pathogenicity island 2 encodes two distinct types of restriction systems
Authors: Vizzarro Grazia , Lemopoulos Alexandre , Adams David William , Blokesch Melanie
Published: August 2024

In response to predation by bacteriophages and invasion by other mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, bacteria have evolved specialized defense systems that are often clustered together on genomic islands. The O1 El Tor strains of
Vibrio cholerae
responsible for the ongoing seventh cholera pandemic (7PET) contain a characteristic set of genomic islands involved in host colonization and disease, many of which contain defense systems. Notably,
Vibrio
pathogenicity island 2 contains several characterized defense systems as well as a putative type I restriction-modification (T1RM) system, which, interestingly, is interrupted by two genes of unknown function. Here, we demonstrate that the T1RM system is active, methylates the host genomes of a representative set of 7PET strains, and identify a specific recognition sequence that targets non-methylated plasmids for restriction. We go on to show that the two genes embedded within the T1RM system encode a novel two-protein modification-dependent restriction system related to the GmrSD family of type IV restriction enzymes. Indeed, we show that this system has potent anti-phage activity against diverse members of the
Tevenvirinae
, a subfamily of bacteriophages with hypermodified genomes. Taken together, these results expand our understanding of how this highly conserved genomic island contributes to the defense of pandemic
V. cholerae
against foreign DNA.

IMPORTANCE

Defense systems are immunity systems that allow bacteria to counter the threat posed by bacteriophages and other mobile genetic elements. Although these systems are numerous and highly diverse, the most common types are restriction enzymes that can specifically recognize and degrade non-self DNA. Here, we show that the
Vibrio
pathogenicity island 2, present in the pathogen
Vibrio cholerae
, encodes two types of restriction systems that use distinct mechanisms to sense non-self DNA. The first system is a classical Type I restriction-modification system, and the second is a novel modification-dependent type IV restriction system that recognizes hypermodified cytosines. Interestingly, these systems are embedded within each other, suggesting that they are complementary to each other by targeting both modified and non-modified phages.
Abrupt structural deformation changes from the boundary to the interior of a craton basin: Implications for the long-term stability of cratonic blocks
Authors: Huang Lei , Liu Chiyang , Wang Zhao , Zhou Yijun , Liu Yongtao , Li Xin , Yang Lihua
Published: August 2024

Stable intraplate cratonic blocks usually have less structural deformation and fewer earthquakes than other locations on Earth, but with strong compressional deformation around their periphery. Investigating how and why this different deformation occurred is beneficial for understanding why the cratonic block is so stable and how the intraplate in-plane stress is transmitted. In this work, we first investigated the structural deformation changes from the margin to the interior of the western Ordos block (one of the most tectonically stable areas in China) via seismic data. The results show abrupt structural deformation changes from the margin to the interior of the Ordos block in terms of the deformation strength (from strong to weak), structural orientation (high-angle oblique relationships), and kinematics (from compression to wrenching). Our investigation also shows that such phenomena are widespread in cratonic blocks worldwide. The abrupt changes are probably induced by special in-plane stress transfer inside the cratonic block: When far-field stress is transmitted into continental interiors from active plate margins, the weak belt around the cratonic block filters and accommodates the in-plane stress. Consequently, this decreases the stress, changes the stress direction, and transmits the in-plane stress along a shallower layer (probably less than 1500 m). Furthermore, the compressional stress from the plate margin is converted into shear stress within the cratonic block. This stress transmission manner makes reactivation of deep preexisting faults difficult under far-field horizontal plate-boundary stresses in the cratonic block without vertical forces from the mantle, guaranteeing long-term stability and low seismicity. This understanding can provide a new perspective for the interpretation of earthquakes in stable continental regions. It can also be applied to appraise the long-term stability of sites for the storage of CO2.
Renal angiomyolipoma rupture in the immediate postoperative period following caesarean section
Authors: Shegenov Galym , Iskakov Serik , Bilyalova Gulshat
Published: August 2024

Renal angiomyolipoma (rAML) is a rare benign tumour primarily affecting women due to hormonal influences, with accelerated growth observed during pregnancy. This case report presents a multigravida woman in her mid-20s at 37 weeks of gestation with stable vital signs and normal physical examination findings, except for swelling in the lower extremities. Following caesarean section delivery, she developed flank pain and haematuria in the immediate postoperative period. Emergency surgery revealed a ruptured rAML, resulting in unstable haemodynamics and significant blood loss. A multidisciplinary team performed a left radical nephrectomy to control bleeding. The patient required transfusions, ventilation and postoperative antibiotic therapy. This case underscores the importance of considering rAML rupture in the immediate postoperative period following caesarean section, highlighting the need for prompt evaluation in pregnant women with a history of urologic disorders.
Long-term retention and positive deviant practices in Uganda’s community client-led antiretroviral distribution groups (CCLADs): a mixed-methods study
Authors: Natukunda Julian , Baleeta Keith , Kiriya Junko , Ong Ken Ing Cherng , Carandang Rogie Royce , Muhwezi Augustin , Shibanuma Akira , Jimba Masamine
Published: August 2024

Background

HIV testing and starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) are pivotal in treating people living with HIV (PLHIV) but sustaining PLHIV on treatment remains challenging. We assessed retention and attrition in community client-led antiretroviral distribution groups (CCLADs) in Uganda and identified positive deviant practices that foster long-term retention.

Methods

Using explanatory mixed methods, we collected longitudinal medical data from 65 health facilities across 12 districts in East Central Uganda. Quantitative phase, from 18 April 2021 to 30 May 2021, employed survival analysis and Cox regression to assess retention and identify attrition risk factors. Qualitative inquiry focused on four districts with high attrition from 11 August 2021 to 20 September 2021, where we identified nine health facilities exhibiting high retention in CCLADs. We purposively selected 50 clients for in-depth interviews (n=22) or focus group discussions (n=28). Using thematic analysis, we identified positive deviant practices. We integrated quantitative and qualitative findings into joint displays.

Results

Involving 3055 PLHIV, the study showed retention rates of 97.5% at 6 months, declining to 89.7% at 96 months. Attrition risk factors were lower levels of care (health centre three (adjusted HR (aHR) 2.80, 95% CI 2.00 to 3.65) and health centre four (aHR 3.61, 95% CI 2.35 to 5.54)); being unemployed (aHR 2.21, 95% CI 1.00 to 4.84); enrolment year into CCLAD (aHR 23.93, 95% CI 4.66 to 123.05) and virological failure (aHR 3.41, 95% CI 2.51 to 4.63). Of 22 clients interviewed, 8 were positive deviants. Positive deviants were characterised by prolonged retention in CCLADs, improved clinical outcomes and practised uncommon behaviours that enabled them to find better solutions than their peers. Positive deviant practices included fostering family-like settings, offering financial or self-development advice, and promoting healthy lifestyles.

Conclusions

Findings underscore the importance of addressing factors contributing to attrition and leveraging positive deviant practices to optimise retention and long-term engagement in HIV care.
Cancer burden across the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation in 2022
Authors: Jain Urvish , Rahim Faraan , Jain Bhav , Komanduri Abhinav , Arkalgud Aditya , Sabet Cameron John , Hammond Alessandro , Tshering Phub , Patel Tej A , Sirohi Bhawna , Jain Pankaj , Khan Shah Zeb , Gunasekera Sanjeeva , Shilpakar Ramila , Stanikzai Zabihullah , Chowdhury Arman Reza , Swami Nishwant , Dee Edward Christopher , Gyawali Bishal
Published: August 2024

Objective

The objective of this study is to present a cross-sectional analysis of cancer burden in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) region and explain unique characteristics of its cancer burden as compared with the rest of the world.

Methods and analysis

Using publicly available data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO) and the World Bank, we collected cancer statistics and population statistics for Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka from 2017 to 2022.

Results

The number of newly diagnosed cases in the region was 1 846 963, representing 9.3% of the incidence worldwide. As defined by the GCO, the crude incidence rate (CIR) (per 100 000) of cancer in SAARC was 97.3 compared with the worldwide rate of 235.5. The crude mortality rate (per 100 000) in SAARC was 63.4, compared with 123.6 globally. However, the mortality to incidence ratio (MIR) (per 100 000) was 0.65, compared with 0.49 globally.

Conclusion

Our research highlights SAARC’s unique cancer landscape with low incidence (CIR) and mortality (CMR) but elevated MIR compared with global figures. These findings underscore the need for a united, contextually relevant approach to addressing the burden of cancer in SAARC. In particular, investment in collaborative, tailored cancer care programmes will build the SAARC region’s capacity to address the growing cancer challenge.
Five-year follow-up of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor (sintilimab) in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Bolun , Zhang Fan , Guo Wei , Wang Shuhang , Li Ning , Qiu Bin , Zhao Liang , Li Jian , Shao Kang , Xue Qi , Lv Fang , Gao Shugeng
Published: August 2024

Background

Neoadjuvant anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy exhibits potential in treating resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previously, we have reported the 3-year clinical outcomes of this trial, implying the effectiveness and feasibility of neoadjuvant sintilimab monotherapy. However, the long-term prognosis of patients receiving neoadjuvant mono-immunotherapy has yet to be elucidated.

Methods

For patients with stage IA-IIIB NSCLC, two doses of sintilimab (200 mg) were administered intravenously in the neoadjuvant setting. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed in these updated results. The predictive role of specific biomarkers in neoadjuvant immunotherapy was also explored.

Results

With a median follow-up of 61.0 months, 5-year DFS and OS rates of patients who underwent R0 resection were 65.7% and 80.4%, respectively. The 5-year DFS and OS rates of patients with positive programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression were 71.9% and 90.9%, respectively. The presence of PD-L1 positivity (tumor proportion score ≥1%) showed a tendency toward the promising prognosis (OS, HR, 0.143; 95% CI: 0.027 to 0.743), especially for those who did not achieve pathological complete response (pCR). In addition, tumor mutation burden was positively correlated with a favorable prognosis. A total of 10 recurrences and 5 subsequent deaths were identified within the 5-year follow-up, with lung metastasis being the predominant.

Conclusions

These updated analyses were the first to unveil the 5-year survival benefits of neoadjuvant sintilimab monotherapy, implying the potential value of PD-1 inhibitors in neoadjuvant therapy.
Supply and demand effects between tobacco retailer density and smoking prevalence
Authors: Golden Shelley D , Kuo Tzy-Mey , Combs Todd , Kong Amanda Y , Ribisl Kurt M , Baggett Chris D
Published: August 2024

Objective

Places with more tobacco retailers have higher smoking prevalence levels, but whether this is because retailers locate where people who smoke live or whether tobacco availability prompts tobacco use is unknown. In this study, we compare the role of consumer demand with that of tobacco supply in longitudinal, area-based associations of tobacco retailer density with smoking prevalence.

Methods

We merged annual adult smoking prevalence estimates derived from the USA Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System data with annual county estimates of tobacco retailer density calculated from the National Establishment Time Series data for 3080 counties between 2000 and 2010. We analysed relationships between retailer density and smoking in 3080 counties, using random intercept cross-lagged panel models and employing two measures of tobacco retailer density capturing the number of likely tobacco retailers in a county divided by either the population or land area.

Results

Both density models provided evidence of significant demand and supply effects; in the population-based model, the association of smoking prevalence in 1 year with tobacco retailer density in the next year (standardised coefficient=0.038, p<0.01) was about double the association between tobacco retailer density with subsequent smoking prevalence (0.017, p<0.01). The reverse was true in the land area-based model, where the supply effect (0.042, p<0.01) was more than 10 times stronger than the demand effect (0.003, p<0.01).

Conclusions

Policies that restrict access to retail tobacco have the potential to reduce smoking prevalence, but pairing such policies with interventions to reduce consumer demand remains important.
Rotational influence on fermions within negative curvature wormholes
Authors: Guvendi Abdullah , Gurtas Dogan Semra , Vitória R. L. L.
Published: August 2024

In this research, we examine relativistic fermions within the rotating frame of negative curvature wormholes. Initially, as is typical in our context, we introduce the wormholes by embedding a curved surface into a higher-dimensional flat Minkowski spacetime. Subsequently, we derive the spacetime metric that characterizes the rotating frame of these wormholes. We then investigate analytical solutions of the generalized Dirac equation within this framework. Through exploring a second-order non-perturbative wave equation, we seek exact solutions for fermions within the rotating frame of hyperbolic and elliptic wormholes, also known as negative curvature wormholes. Our analysis provides closed-form energy expressions, and we generalize our findings to Weyl fermions. By considering the impact of the rotating frame and curvature radius of wormholes, we discuss how these factors affect the evolution of fermionic fields, offering valuable insights into their behavior.
Large-scale variability in style and magnitude of footwall rift-related unconformities, northern Carnarvon Basin, offshore NW Australia
Authors: Martinez Candela , Chiarella Domenico , A.-L. Jackson Christopher , Scarselli Nicola
Published: August 2024

Fault-scarp degradation complexes record rift-related erosion of normal fault scarps. At the scale of an individual fault segment, the magnitude and distribution of erosion are related to the total and along-strike variability in fault throw. However, previous studies on degradation complexes focused on one type of rift-related erosional unconformity, with the factors controlling the development, magnitude and style of footwall erosion at a far larger scale (i.e. several fault blocks) being poorly constrained. This study uses high-resolution subsurface data to constrain the timing, magnitude and style of footwall erosion across the NW Shelf of Australia. By doing so, we test conceptual and numerical model predictions for the development of rift-related unconformities. We show that development of footwall erosion complexes is dependent on the occurrence and duration of footwall exposure and that fault throw and footwall uplift control the magnitude of erosion. Furthermore, the style of footwall erosion depends on the driving process(es), with gravitational instabilities resulting in cuspate footwall crest erosional surfaces, whereas peneplain-style surfaces develop in response to wave-driven erosion dictated by the base level. The results of this study can help refine rift-related fault evolution and the effects of sea-level changes in tectonostratigraphic models of rift basins.
How great is the Great Glen Fault?
Authors: Prave A. R. , Stephens W. E. , Fallick A. E. , Williams I. S. , Kirsimäe K.
Published: August 2024

A popular conceptual tectonic model envisages the Great Glen Fault to be part of a sinistral strike-slip system active during the mid-Silurian to early Devonian with
c.
700 km of displacement. Here we use sedimentological, geochemical and detrital zircon age data to show that restoring 250–300 km of displacement suffices to fulfil key geological constraints and reveal three new pre-strike-slip relationships: (1) Paleoproterozoic Makkovik–Ketilidian crust becomes placed proximal to numerous immature sandstone units in the Grampian and Northern Highlands of Scotland and County Mayo, Ireland, that are marked by single-mode peaks of 1.8–1.6 Ga detrital zircons sourced from that crust; (2) the two most concentrated occurrences of appinite and metadolerite/gabbro in the Scottish–Irish Caledonides become matched; (3) the Donegal and Argyll granite suites can be paired. That amount of displacement provides, at least in part, the separation required between the Northern and Grampian Highlands to account for Scandian-age (Silurian) deformation in the former and its absence in the latter.
Revealing CNN Architectures via Side-Channel Analysis in Dataflow-based Inference Accelerators
Authors: Weerasena Hansika , Mishra Prabhat
Published: August 2024

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely used in various domains, including image recognition, medical diagnosis and autonomous driving. Recent advances in dataflow-based CNN accelerators have enabled CNN inference in resource-constrained edge devices. These dataflow accelerators utilize inherent data reuse of convolution layers to process CNN models efficiently. Concealing the architecture of CNN models is critical for privacy and security. This article evaluates memory-based side-channel information to recover CNN architectures from dataflow-based CNN inference accelerators. The proposed attack exploits spatial and temporal data reuse of the dataflow mapping on CNN accelerators and architectural hints to recover the structure of CNN models. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed side-channel attack can recover the structures of popular CNN models, namely, Lenet, Alexnet, VGGnet16, and YOLOv2.
CETN: Contrast-enhanced Through Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction
Authors: Li Honghao , Sang Lei , Zhang Yi , Zhang Xuyun , Zhang Yiwen
Published: August 2024

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a crucial task in personalized information retrievals, such as industrial recommender systems, online advertising, and web search. Most existing CTR Prediction models utilize explicit feature interactions to overcome the performance bottleneck of implicit feature interactions. Hence, deep CTR models based on parallel structures (e.g., DCN, FinalMLP, xDeepFM) have been proposed to obtain joint information from different semantic spaces. However, these parallel subcomponents lack effective supervision and communication signals, making it challenging to efficiently capture valuable multi-views feature interaction information in different semantic spaces. To address these issues, we propose a simple yet effective novel CTR model: Contrast-enhanced Through Network (CETN). Drawing inspiration from sociology, CETN leverages the complementary nature of diversity and homogeneity to guide the model in acquiring higher-quality feature interaction information. Specifically, CETN employs product-based feature interactions and the augmentation (perturbation) concept from contrastive learning to segment different semantic spaces, each with distinct activation functions. This improves diversity in the feature interaction information captured by the model. Additionally, we introduce self-supervised signals and through connection within each semantic space to ensure the homogeneity of the captured feature interaction information. The experiments conducted on four real datasets demonstrate that our model consistently outperforms twenty baseline models in terms of AUC and Logloss.
Diverse calcium signaling profiles regulate migratory behavior in avascular wound healing and aberrant signal hierarchy occurs early in diabetes
Authors: Segars Kristen L. , Azzari Nicholas , Cole Malia , Kushimi Landon , Rapaka Srikar , Rich Celeste B. , Trinkaus-Randall Vickery
Published: August 2024

Calcium signaling in corneal epithelial cells after injury is highly ordered, with groups of cells engaged in cyclical patterns of event initiation and propagation driven by high-signaling cells. Signaling behavior is determined by P2X7, Pannexin-1, and P2Y2 and influences migratory behavior. Signal hierarchy is observed in healthy ex vivo models after injury and becomes aberrant in diabetes. This represents a paradigm shift, as signaling was thought to be random and determined by factors in the environment.
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Vasculitis after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Harris Dwight D. , Sabe Sharif A. , Ehsan Afshin
Published: August 2024

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis is a group of rare autoimmune disorders associated with the presence of ANCA autoantibodies. We present the first reported case of acute ANCA‐associated vasculitis following coronary artery bypass grafting in a 74‐year‐old male presenting on postoperative day 13 with shortness of breath, orthopnea, and acute kidney injury. Renal biopsy ultimately showed focal necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis, and the patient was successfully managed with corticosteroids and outpatient rituximab. This rare case highlights the importance of having an expanded differential for uncommon causes of cardiovascular disease and unexpected outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Obstructive Hydrocephalus and Cardiomyopathy Secondary to Disseminated Protothecosis in a Boxer Dog
Authors: Tauro Anna , Macri John , Gaudette Chris , Mariani Christopher L. , Brenseke Bonnie
Published: August 2024

Canine protothecosis is a rare disease caused by saprophytic unicellular achlorophyllous aerobic algae that are ubiquitous in the environment. We report a novel case of neurological and cardiological manifestations associated with disseminated protothecosis. An adult spayed female Boxer dog was presented with a 1‐week history of anorexia, progressive central vestibular signs, and a Grade III/VI systolic heart murmur. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed obstructive hydrocephalus at the level of the mesencephalic aqueduct, while echocardiography and elevated troponin levels suggested an infiltrative cardiomyopathy. No obvious cause was identified. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection was not performed due to associated procedural risks. Despite receiving symptomatic treatment and maintaining stability for 3 weeks, the dog eventually suffered cardiorespiratory arrest. Postmortem examination revealed disseminated protothecosis, predominantly affecting the heart and brain. We recommend that in cases where the cause of obstructive hydrocephalus is unclear, especially when CSF collection is not feasible, a comprehensive diagnostic method should be implemented. This includes meticulous investigations to identify infected tissues, followed by sampling and performing cytology/histology and culture tests to confirm the presence of the algal organism. Early diagnosis may allow early treatment, although long‐term prognosis remains largely unfavorable due to the absence of effective treatments.
Determination of Ca, P, K, Na, and Mg in Australian Retail Pasteurised Milk Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP OES)
Authors: Nguyen Duc Doan , Solah Vicky , Daubney Suzanne , Jani Saijel
Published: August 2024

A rapid and simple inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES) method was developed and validated for the determination of macroelements including calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and magnesium (Mg) in Australian retail pasteurised milk. The milk samples were digested using the mixture of 70% HNO3 and 30% H2O2 (2 : 1, v/v) in an open‐tube digester block at 120°C for 4 h. The validated ICP OES method showed good linearity for all elements (R2 > 0.9993). The method limits of quantification (LOQ) for Ca, P, K, Na, and Mg were 19.85, 8.97, 100.8, 41.92, and 11.56 µg·g−1, respectively. Recoveries were in the range of 91.54–116.0%. Repeatability and interday reproducibility expressed as the relative standard deviation (% RSD) was below 5.0%. The contents of macroelements in 6 retail pasteurised milk samples were between 1099.32 and 1348.65 µg·g−1 (Ca), 914.01 and 1091.21 µg·g−1 (P), 1362.76 and 1549.74 µg·g−1 (K), 288.89 and 323.22 µg·g−1 (Na), and 97.62 and 110.57 µg·g−1 (Mg). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that retail pasteurised milk samples were distinctly separated into four groups on the first two principal components (PCs). The difference in the macroelement content between milk brands might be affected by milk regions.
Toeplitz Matrix Reconstruction Algorithm for Rectangular Hollow Array
Authors: Wei Zihui , Zhou Jingyi , Dai Chenkai , Wang Lunsha , Kong Xiangjie , Dong Peng
Published: August 2024

Among the directional angle calculation models of Bluetooth 5.1, the rectangular hollow array offers the advantage of shorter sampling time due to its fewer elements compared to traditional planar arrays. However, the antimultipath algorithms suitable for traditional planar arrays cannot be applied to rectangular hollow arrays. Therefore, this study proposes a virtual array filling algorithm, wherein four virtual matrices are inserted into the hollow matrix to transform the array into a uniform rectangular array. This algorithm ensures translation invariance of the rectangular array, enabling the application of the antimultipath coherent source algorithm to a rectangular hollow array. An algorithm for reconstructing Toeplitz matrices in two‐dimensional uniform planar arrays is also proposed. Through the analysis of the spatial spectrum and angle estimation results of various algorithms, the effectiveness of the signal angle of arrival estimation theory is verified.
Decision‐Making Evaluation and Optimization Strategies for Construction EPC Project Developers Utilizing BIM Technology
Authors: Wu Yujie , He Xiaoming , Cui Tianyi , Wu Mengze
Published: August 2024

In the context of the advancing construction engineering field in China, there has been a significant increase in the adoption of building information modeling (BIM) technology within engineering–procurement–construction (EPC) projects. This emerging technology is expected to significantly influence the decision‐making practices of professionals in the construction and engineering domain. Consequently, there is an urgent need for comprehensive research focused on construction management specifically pertaining to the effectiveness of construction developer management. This study examines seven representative EPC projects where BIM technology was implemented and it considers various factors that have the potential to influence project decision‐making while taking into account time and cost considerations. A comprehensive multidimensional evaluation method that combines the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is introduced in this study. The results of this study emphasize that the efficiency enhancement strategies derived from the judgment indicator method demonstrate favorable practical outcomes. This research highlights the importance of a comprehensive evaluation method combining the AHP and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to enhance decision‐making efficiency for construction developer management staff.
Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Incidence among Filipino Americans by Generational Status in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
Authors: Abe Janine V. , Legaspi Justin , Guillermo Cherie , Bogumil David , Setiawan Veronica Wendy , Le Marchand Loïc , Hernandez Brenda Y. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Maskarinec Gertraud
Published: August 2024

Background:

Filipino Americans constitute 12% and 4% of the respective populations of Hawaii and California, with a large proportion of immigrants experiencing increasing cancer rates. This study investigated the incidence of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers by generational status in the Multiethnic Cohort.

Methods:

We analyzed 10,495 Filipino Multiethnic Cohort first-, second-, and third-generation participants, in which 26.8% were of mixed race and ethnicity. Linkage to statewide cancer registries identified 375 breast, 249 colorectal, and 436 prostate cancer incident cases. Cox models were used to calculate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between generational status and cancer incidence. Models were adjusted for age at cohort entry and cancer-specific covariates that were chosen based on stepwise regression.

Results:

Compared with the first generation, colorectal cancer showed a significantly higher incidence in the second and third generations with respective HRs of 1.43 (95% CI, 1.04, 1.98) and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.29, 2.38). This association was attenuated after adjustment for relevant covariates. Breast cancer incidence was elevated in the third versus first generation (HR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01, 1.63) even in the fully adjusted model, whereas little difference was observed for prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

In this prospective study, we found differences in incidence by generational status, specifically colorectal cancer among men and female breast cancer.

Impact:

Understanding behavioral changes due to acculturation is warranted to mitigate cancer risks in migrant populations.
Video S6 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Cells of the TMS cell line in the well with the addition of a PES inhibitor on the matrigel matrix.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Motility of Hsp70-positive cells in a tumor sample.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Preparing a tumor sample for confocal microscopy.
Supplementary Figure S11 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Comparison of mean speed and track straightness on various matrices (PL, MG, FN) of patient-derived (non-sorted into high- and low-speed subpopulations) brain tumor cells treated with 1 µM PES or 50 nM JG-98.
Figure 4 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Motility analysis of sorted C6, T98G, and U251 cell lines by the level of mHsp70 expression. A, Representative scheme of mHsp70 expression analysis and FACS for subsequent determination of cell migration characteristics. B, Confocal microscopy images of C6, T98G, and U251. DAPI was applied for nucleus staining (blue). FITC-IgG1 and FITC-anti-Hsp70 antibody was used for detecting mHsp70 on the plasma membrane (green). Scale bars, 50 μm. C, Mean fluorescence intensity of FITC-anti-Hsp70 antibody in arbitrary units measured by flow cytometry (n = 4). D, Example of tracks rose plots in motility analysis. E, C6, T98G, and U251 cell tracks violin plots. F, Phase contrast live images of wound healing assay of subpopulations with different mHsp70 expression and plots of wound area vs. healing time. Scale bars for images, 400 μm.
Figure 2 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Analysis of the mHsp70-positive tumor cell motility in brain tumors. A, Representative confocal microscopy images from 68 hours of time-lapse recording of the tumor sample (patient with GAA) stained for mHsp70 (green). Scale bars, 500 μm. The numbers show the time in the format days:hours:minutes:seconds. B, Histograms and density plots of values characterizing tracks of motile cells emerging from a tumor sample: max speed (μm/hour), mean speed (μm/hour), sinuosity, and straightness. C, Staggered analysis plots show the changes in cells’ mean speed during 68 hours; four cells with different motility patterns are shown. D, MSD plots on tracks (ncells = 50) of 68 hours tumor cell motility in comparison with a simulated random walk. E–H, Migration characteristics of mHsp70+ and patient with mHsp70− IBD explant cell subpopulations. E, Microscopy images of explant. From top to bottom: brightfield image with marked tracks of mHsp70− and mHsp70+ cells, brightfield image, and corresponding image of mHsp70 fluorescence channel. F, Zoomed in samples of microscopy images. C, Rose plots of patient with IBD explant cell subpopulations. G, Comparison of mean speed, straightness, and sinuosity of subpopulations (ntracks ≥ 51). H, Comparison of the mean speed of nontreated and treated subpopulations with 20 μmol/L PES (ntracks ≥ 59). Data are presented as median ± 95% CI. Significant differences identified by the Wilcoxon test are shown as *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001; ns, not significant.
Management of Pediatric Patient with Multiple Cranial, Intracranial, and Spinal Manifestations of Penttinen Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Ryan Megan V. , Alvarez Reinier , Elias Ellen R. , Ihekweazu Chinonye , Wilkinson C. Corbett
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Penttinen premature aging syndrome is caused by mutations in the PDGFRB gene. We describe the case of a 10-year-old girl with a de novo c.1994T>C variant in PDGFRB who developed multiple cranial, intracranial, and spinal manifestations, including macrocephaly, enlarged convexity subarachnoid spaces crossed by numerous vascularized arachnoid trabecule, hydrocephalus, spinal epidural lipomatosis, a low conus medullaris, calvarial thinning with large anterior fontanelle, and a skull fracture with bilateral epidural hematomas. Vascularized arachnoid granulations, spinal epidural lipomatosis, and low conus medullaris have not been previously described in Penttinen syndrome. Case Presentation: A female with Penttinen syndrome diagnosed at 9 years of age initially presented as an infant with cutaneous hemangiomas and macrocephaly; imaging showed enlarged convexity subarachnoid spaces. Her convexity subarachnoid spaces continued to expand, leading to subdural shunt placement. At surgery, her enlarged subarachnoid spaces were found to contain numerous abnormally thick, vascularized arachnoid trabecule. Eventually, her subdural shunt failed and her ventricles enlarged, leading to ventricular shunt placement. A large, sunken anterior fontanelle which did not diminish in size led to cranioplasty with a custom implant. She later developed chronic back pain and imaging revealed spinal epidural lipomatosis, a low conus medullaris, and mild scoliosis. At 10 years of age, a fall from a chair resulted in a depressed skull fracture and bilateral parietal epidural hematomas. Emergency left parietal craniotomy was performed for evacuation of the left hematoma, and the patient recovered without complications. Intraoperatively, it was noted that her skull was extremely thin. Conclusion: This case report highlights the clinical presentation and multifaceted neurosurgical management of a patient with Penttinen syndrome. The patient exhibited characteristic features including hypertrophic skin lesions, macrocephaly, and skeletal abnormalities. Our patient’s vascularized arachnoid trabecule, spinal epidural lipomatosis, and low conus medullaris have not previously been reported in Penttinen syndrome. Her thin skull potentially contributed to the extent of her depressed skull fracture after her backwards fall and predisposed her toward developing epidural hematomas. Patients with Penttinen syndrome can have multiple cranial, intracranial, and spinal manifestations which may need the attention of a neurosurgeon.