bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS SCIENCE: WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE
Authors:   Department of Informatics and Telematics, Harokopio University of Athens (Greece), Elliniadou Elena , Sofianopoulou Chryssa
Published: July 2021

Students’ attitudes towards science have long occupied the interest of the scientific community. The confirmed decline of students’ interest in pursuing the study of science, alongside the increasing recognition of scientific knowledge’s importance and economic utility, makes the issue even more imperative for any society attempting to raise its standards of scientific literacy. Attitudes towards science have been found to depend on variables like instructional teaching and curriculum. The latest research indicates that childhood experiences serve as a major influence on academic interest. The broad recommendation is to concentrate on improving 10 to 14-year-olds’ experience of science. Despite the recent flurry of media interest and the latest research in the scientific community, the school curriculum in most countries is still teaching obsolete science with scarce reference to current, cutting-edge scientific research. There is an urgent need to introduce the concepts of 20th-century Physics within the curriculum and exciting science programs that will enhance the interactive learning experience among students, as is shown by evaluating reports of OECD and PISA results. While this has led to several changes in the curriculum of secondary schooling in some countries, it is still an imperative case for others and definitely for Greece. There are some individual or institutional projects around the globe that introduce modern science and technology to upper primary students, yet of no nationwide effect. This paper aims to review the latest research on students’ attitudes towards science and to present the possible next research steps in amplifying students’ interest and engagement in science.
RETHINKING THE OTHER FOR MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION – FOCUSED ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF BUBER AND LEVINAS
Authors:   Inha University/Research Professor (Republic of Korea), Choi Seungeun
Published: July 2021

The number of foreigners residing in Korea exceeded 2.5 million for the first time ever. As the ratio of foreigners to the total population approaches 5%, it is evaluated that Korea has actually entered a multicultural society. It is known that among the types of foreigners staying there are many young foreigners who visit Korea for the purpose of employment. The number of marriage immigrants was 16,025, an increase of 4.3% from the previous year. Of these, 82.6% were women. Entering a multicultural society in a situation where empathy for each other is insufficient can lead to social conflict. In particular, in the COVID-19 pandemic, hostility toward foreigners is more prevalent, and hatred for strangers is increasing. This study critically analyzes these social phenomena and seeks to raise the philosophical basis for multicultural education by establishing a concept with a new perspective on the other. This paper focuses on the philosophy of Buber and Levinas. By establishing 'I and You' as a meeting, Buber presented a new relationship with others. Meanwhile, Levinas emphasized human ethics and responsibility as the absolute and infinite being of the other. According to Buber, in the world there is a relationship between 'I-You' and 'I-It', and in order to live a true life, you must establish a relationship between 'I and you'. The relationship between 'I and it' is a temporary and mechanical relationship where objects can be replaced at any time by looking at the world from an instrumental point of view. However, the relationship between 'I and You' is a relationship that faces each other personally, and the only 'I' that cannot be changed with anything and the 'You' that cannot be replaced exist in deep trust. In phenomenology of otherness, Levinas intends to describe the encounter with the something outside the subject. The concepts of possession, distinctiveness and understanding are replaced by those of approaches, proximity, care and fecundity. In Korean society, a policy that seeks to use foreigners as human resources and, especially in the case of marriage immigrant women, as a solution to a society with low birthrates along with the labor force, shows how society treats others. Therefore, multicultural education must rethink the existence and dignity of human beings through the perspective of the other as asserted in the philosophy of Buber and Levinas.
CONSIDERATIONS OF TALENT MANAGEMENT IN RETENTION OF ACADEMICS IN THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LESOTHO
Authors:   Sol Plaatje University (South Africa), Zengeya Theressa Madzingesu , Alexander Gregory ,   Central University of Technology (South Africa), Larey Desiree Pearl ,   University of the Free State (South Africa)
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study was to examine the contribution of talent management practices at the National University of Lesotho in the retention of talented academics. The university has immense competition within the local, regional and international labour market. It isthreatened by high mobility and low retention of highly qualified staff, which has affected the quality of learning, especially postgraduate programmes. The study employed Bourdieu’s social theory and Adam’s theory of equity as a theoretical lens to understand talent management practices to retain talented academics. Bourdieu’s theory was used to offer insight on the various forms of capital, and how the capitals could be instrumental in the design and implementation of talent management practices in order to increase retention of talent in universities. In this study ‘talent’ is used to refer to holders of doctorates, associate professors and professors or researchers of new information and theories and inventors of new technology with great potential to make a significant impact on the university’s productivity. A literature review was undertaken to examine how the social theory of Bourdieu, particularly the conversion of different kinds of capital (symbolic capital) are used by the university to recognise the value of talented academics in order to retain these academics. Following a qualitative methodology and purposive sampling, data was generated through semi-structured interviews and document analysis to advance a critical and interpretive understanding of the perspectives of talent management from both management and talented academics in the university. Thematic analysis was used to synthesise the data. The data from fourteen (14) participants composed of management and academics revealed that, though the university is implementing talent management practices, it does not have an official and structured talent management program, which is imperative in retaining academics. This study concludes by advocating the design and implementation of a formal, contextual and structured talent management framework, in consultation with all key stakeholders, in order to increase retention of talent academics in the National University of Lesotho.
HIGHER EDUCATION: SUSTAINING THE FUTURE OF STUDENTS DURING A PANDEMIC
Authors:   Centre for Educational Testing for Access & Placement, University of Cape Town (South Africa), Jappie Naziema
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 challenge is unprecedented; its scale still is not fully understood. Universities in the South Africa do have plans in place to continue the academic year in 2021 but have no idea to what extent education will resume to normal face to face activity. Although the future is unpredictable, given the uncertainty in the epidemiological and economic outlooks, universities have to ensure quality and sustainability for the medium and long-term implications for teaching, learning, the student experience, infrastructure, operations, and staff. Amongst the range of effects that COVID-19 will have on higher education this year, and possibly into future years, admission arrangements for students is one of the biggest. It is also one of the most difficult to manage because it is inherently cross sector, involving both schools and higher education. There is no template in any country of how to manage education during the pandemic. However, there are major concerns that exist, in particular, regarding the impact on learners from low income and disadvantaged groups. Many are vulnerable and cannot access the digital platform. Post 1994, the South African government placed emphasis on the introduction of policies, resources and mechanisms aimed at redressing the legacy of a racially and ethnically fragmented, unjust, dysfunctional and unequal education system inherited from apartheid. Many gains were made over the past two decades especially, in higher education, two of which were access and funding for the disadvantaged students to attend university. However, the pandemic in 2020 disrupted this plan, causing the very same disadvantaged students to stay at home without proper learning facilities, poor living conditions or no access to devices and data. The paper argues that the tensions and challenges that dominated the Covid-19 digital educational reform have resulted in a significant paradigm shift focused on out of classroom experiences as expressed in the new ways of teaching and learning and possibly leaving certain groups of students behind. Consideration is given to three broad areas within higher education in South Africa. Firstly the current dilemma of teaching and learning, secondly, the access or lack thereof to the digital platform and challenges facing students, and the thirdly, the issue of admission to higher education. All three areas of concern represent the degree to which we face educational disruption during the pandemic.
ENHANCING EDUCATORS’ CREDIBILITY IN INTELLIGENT LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
Authors:   Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Malta (Malta), Milanes Mario Mallia , Montebello Matthew
Published: July 2021

The deployment and use of Artificially Intelligent tools and techniques has proved to be effective and convenient, rendering them highly popular and desirable within any application. The benefits that such smart services provide are increasingly becoming popular within virtual learning environments as educators and learners continue to revert to such online portals during the academic process of higher education programmes. However, numerous educators have been sceptical of the inferences made by the machine learning techniques that implicitly at the background of the learning environment are monitoring the learner and collecting data to optimize the educational process as well as the learning experience. In an effort to enhance such a credibility we present an intelligent learning environment that justifies its decisions and propositions through an explainable interface that tracks back its conclusions to reasonable and plausible justifications. In this paper we present our research work together with our experiences in developing and deploying such a ground-breaking concept.
EXPLORING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHER LEADERSHIP IN LESOTHO HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors:   Postgraduate Studies, Central University of Technology, Free State (South Africa), Lethole Lieketseng , Palmer June ,   Postgraduate Studies, Central University of Technology, Free State (South Africa), de Klerk Edwin ,   Education Studies, Sol Plaatje University (South Africa)
Published: July 2021

Whilst teacher leadership is an evolving concept with a potential that has yet to be realized, the fostering of teachers’ leadership growth remains a sustainability element in education worldwide. Teacher leadership for sustainability indicates a fresh and extended consideration of leadership emphasising sustainability principles and providing leadership that transforms the school environment while engaging in collaborative efforts to do so. Located in the interpretive paradigm, this qualitative study sought to elicit the views of Heads of department (HoDs) and District Education Managers (DEMs) in Lesotho high schools to explore the views they consider most relevant in developing teacher leadership skills to ensure leadership succession as sustainable practice. The findings reveal that to achieve sustainable teacher leadership, there is a need to withdraw from a top-down hierarchical model of leadership towards more flexible, transformative, and empowering approaches to leadership. Furthermore, in order to maintain sustainable teacher leadership, HoDs and DEMs must be innovative in providing reflective plans for professional development that can sustain teachers throughout their careers and foster learning environments that are healthy for teachers, learners, and the school. The study recommends that school leaders should mobilise the leadership expertise of teachers in their schools in order to create more chances for transformation and capacity building. Sustainable teacher leadership can help bring about great improvements in a school, including extending the scope of leadership beyond what the HoDs and DEMs cannot achieve alone, and building their relationship capacity to become collaborative change agents.
Las deficiencias de las herramientas de geolocalización de los yacimientos arqueológicos y sus consecuencias sobre la protección del patrimonio cultural de Galicia
Authors: Barbeito Pose Víctor José , Abuín Julián Bustelo
Published: July 2021

Se analizan algunas problemáticas de la geolocalización de yacimientos arqueológicos en relación con los aprovechamientos forestales a raíz de una serie de cambios normativos. La puesta en marcha de un portal web corporativo destinado a la tramitación de los procedimientos relativos a aprovechamientos forestales pone en evidencia una serie de disfunciones en la clasificación de los bienes, la delimitación de áreas afectadas, la localización de los bienes y la calidad del registro arqueológico.
El organismo español para la igualdad: claves para su convergencia con el modelo europeo
Authors: Rey Martínez Fernando
Published: July 2021

El art. 13 Directiva 43/2000/CE obligó a los Estados a designar “uno o más organismos responsables de la promoción de la igualdad de trato”.  El  CEDRE, sin embargo, no responde a esa exigencia. Está en trámite de aprobación parlamentaria la Ley integral de igualdad de trato y no discriminación que vendría a intentar cumplir, esta vez sí, las exigencias europeas. Se concluye dos ideas: que lo planeado en tal Proposición es suficiente para alcanzar dicho objetivo, pero de modo mínimo, y que la mejor fórmula sería crear un órgano especializado dentro de la Defensoría del Pueblo y equivalentes.
Robots, asistentes virtuales y automatización de las Administraciones públicas
Authors: Cerrillo Martínez Agustí
Published: July 2021

Los robots software son dispositivos utilizados para automatizar tareas o para interactuar con dispositivos. En los últimos tiempos, algunos robots software están utilizando inteligencia artificial para poder desarrollar tareas complejas o aprender de la experiencia. Todo ello ya está teniendo aplicaciones en las administraciones públicas.

En este artículo se analiza cómo la automatización de las administraciones públicas incide en los principios de la Administración digital. Asimismo, se estudia la regulación de la actuación administrativa a través de robots y los límites que impone la normativa de protección de datos. Además, se expone el impacto que el uso de robots puede tener en el empleo público. Finalmente, se identifican los procedimientos que utilizan las administraciones públicas para incorporar robots software.
KONFLIK ANTARA KELOMPOK ABANGAN DAN SANTRI DALAM NOVEL KANTRING GENJER-GENJER KARYA TEGUH WINARSHO AS: KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , Mulyono Mulyono
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKKarya sastra merupakan cerminan kehidupan masyarakat. Novel sebagai salah satu karya sastra menampilkan konflik yang merupakan cerminan atas konflik-konflik yang ada di masyarakat. Salah satu konflik dalam novel yang menarik untuk dikaji adalah konflik agama karena konflik agama masih banyak terjadi di Indonesia. Salah satu yang memuat konflik agama adalah novel Kantring Genjer-genjer karya Teguh Winarsho A.S.. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan teori konflik Georg Simmel untuk menganalisis bentuk konflik dan penyebab konflik antara kelompok abangan dan santri dalam novel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk konflik dan penyebab konflik dalam novel terdiri atas konflik pertandingan antagonistik, konflik hukum, konflik mengenai prinsip-prinsip dasar, konflik kepentingan, dan konflik dalam hubungan intim dan akrab.Kata kunci: abangan, konflik georg simmel, konflik sosial, santri, sosiologi sastra ABSTRACTLiterary works are a reflection of people's lives. Novel as one of the literary works that displays conflict that are a reflection of conflicts in the society. One of conflict in the novel that is interesting to study is religious conflict, because religious conflicts still occur in Indonesia frequently. One of novel which discuss the religious conflict is Kantring Genjer-genjer novel by Teguh Winarsho A.S.. This research is a qualitative research using sociology of literature approach and Georg Simmel's conflict theory to analyze the forms and primary causes of conflict between abangan and santri in the novel. Result of the study reveated that the forms and primary causes of conflict are antagonistic, legal conflicts, conflicts regarding principles, conflicts of interest, and conflict in intimate relationships.Keywords: abangan, georg simmel’s conflict theory, social conflict, santri, sociology of literature
Pemanfaatan Zoom Cloud Meeting & Canva Pada Program Social Distancing
Authors: Sahidin Latief , Lambertus Lambertus , Kadir Kadir , Rosdiana Rosdiana
Published: July 2021

Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra adalah pandemic Covid-19 yang mengakibatkan aktivitas pembelajaran terganggu. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah penularan Covid-19 adalah menerapkan social distancing. Pengabdian Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik ini bertujuan: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran siswa SMA dalam program social distancing dengan pendekatan numeric and human literation; (2) memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada mahasiswa utamanya numeric and human literation sehingga mahasiswa memiliki soft skills dan problem solving sehingga mahasiswa siap untuk memasuki dunia global; (3) menghasilkan produk berupa poster, kliping art atau sejenisnya yang memuat konten social distancing pencegahan Covid-19, (4) mensosialisasikan produk konten social distancing ke masyarakat. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan memberikan sosialisasi dan sekaligus praktik melalui Zoom Cloud Meeting & Canva (ZCM&C). Mitra yang terlibat berjumlah 85 siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh: (1) adanya peningkatan kesadaran siswa SMA (mitra) terhadap program social distancing, (2) adanya produk poster, kliping art atau sejenisnya, serta (3) adanya hasil sosialisasi ke masyarakat.
Inovasi Dan Difusi Pencegahan Covid-19 Di Kalangan Mahasiswa
Authors: Jazuli La Ode Ahmad , Anggo Mustamin , Salam Moh. , Rahmat Rahmat , Okja Nursam , Makmur Makmur , Hikma Hikma
Published: July 2021

Mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan matematika Unversitas Halu Oleo eksistensinya sebagai agen perubahan memiliki peran dan tanggungjawab besar bersama dalam rangka giat memutus rantai wabah Covid-19 mendukung kebijakan pemerintah sesuai rekomendasi WHO  tentang beberapa langkah dasar untuk membantu mencegah penyebaran Covid-19. Kegiatan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan (1) proses difusi hasil-hasil inovasi  media poster dan video mahasiswa dalam  pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 kepada warga di lingkungan masing-masing  dan warga net (netizen); (2) penerimaan media poster dan video  hasil inovasi oleh warga di lingkungan masing-masing dan warga net (netizen) melalui saluran media sosial. Pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri atas 3 tahapan: (1) persiapan, (2) pelaksanaan, dan (3) monitoring pelaksanaan dan evaluasi daya tolak/penerimaan didasarkan pada bentuk-bentuk respon, dan sikap masyarakat terhadap hasil-hasil inovasi. Proses difusi hasil inovasi poster dan video pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 melibatkan komunikasi interpersonal dan media massa serta terjadi komunikasi inovasi pada sistem sosial masyarakat setempat dan warga net (netizen).
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Publikasi Ilmiah Bagi Mahasiswa
Authors: Zamista Adelia Alfama , Sellyana Ari , Rahmi Hanifatul
Published: July 2021

Menulis ilmiah bagi mahasiswa merupakan kegiatan wajib. Namun berdasarkan observasi awal diketahui bahwa mahasiswa program studi teknik informatika belum mengetahui urgensi menulis karya ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada jurnal. Maka pelatihan ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan agar mahasiswa mengetahui urgensi dari penulisan artikel publikasi ilmiah. Lebih lanjut setelah pelatihan ini diharapkan mahasiswa mengetahui bagaimana melaksanakan penelitian hingga penyusunan laporan sebagai dasar penulisan artikel ilmiah, mengetahui tentang plagiarisme dan cara menghindarinya, serta mengetahui tentang jurnal ilmiah sebagai wadah publikasi. Pelatihan dilakukan via zoom meeting dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi interaktif. Terdiri dari tiga sesi, sesi pertama khusus membahas tentang pelaksanaan penelitian sebagai dasar dari menulis ilmiah. Sesi dua membahas tentang tata tulis artikel ilmiah, termasuk plagiarisme juga tentang jurnal ilmiah. Sesi tiga merupakan refleksi kegiatan pelatihan. Hasil dari pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran mahasiswa tentang pentingnya menulis ilmiah meningkat, begitu pula dengan pengetahuan mahasiswa untuk menghindari plagiarisme dan jurnal ilmiah.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF BHANDIRA
Authors: Manjunath Prabhu  , Pradeep
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Madhumeha (Diabetes mellitus) is a life style related, multifactorial disease with multiple facets involving all the Srotas, Dhatus and the Ojas. Madhumeha is a Vataja variety of Prameha, which manifests either due to Margavarana or due to Dhatu Kshaya.
Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized by Hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Diabetes and its complication pose a major threat to future public health resources throughout the world. In this study an effort has been made to evaluate the Madhumehahara karma (Antihyperglycemic activity) of Bhandira (Clerodendrum infortunatum auct Non Linn)
Materials and methods: The present study was an open labelled, single arm, clinical study in Madhumeha (Diabetes mellitus) (n=30) selected using convenience sampling technique with pre and post design conducted in a tertiary Ayurveda healthcare centre attached to a teaching institute, situated at the district headquarters in South India. 32 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria suffering from Madhumeha w s r to Diabetes mellitus were selected with the intervention of Bhandira patra vati 3 Twice in a day (BD) for 30 days.
Results: The effect of therapy was assessed before and after treatment, the results were statistically analyzed; it showed significant changes in subjective parameters like praboota mutrata, avila mootrata, kshudadikya, karapada daha, and Objective parameter- Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS), Fasting Urine Sugar (FUS), Post Prandial Urine Sugar (PPUS)
Conclusion: Bhandira patra vati in a dose of 3 BD before food has shown better efficacy in subjective parameters like praboota mutrata, avila mootrata, kshudadikya, karapada daha, and Objective parameter like- FBS, PPBS, FUS, PPUS
KEY WORDS: Madhumeha, Anti-hyperglycaemic, Bhandira patra vati
Infância e percepção de risco relacionado às inundações
Authors: De Lima Capelli Bárbara , Favero Eveline , Gomes Pinheiro Eduardo
Published: July 2021

O trabalho objetivou compreender o comportamento das crianças (6-10 anos) frente aos riscos relacionados às inundações, bem como, a forma como percebem tais riscos. Comparou as diferenças por faixa etária, por gênero e local de residência, identificando aspectos do desenvolvimento infantil presentes na fala das crianças. Participaram do estudo 193 alunos pertencentes a duas escolas municipais, uma localizada em Cascavel/PR (área sem ocorrência de inundação) e outra em Francisco Beltrão/PR (área com registros de inundações). Os alunos cursavam do primeiro ao quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental I. Os dados foram coletados através da técnica de Grupo Focal, tendo sido realizados 10 grupos em cada escola, separando as crianças por série e por gênero. Utilizou-se como tema gerador desenhos de crianças brincando ou observando situações de inundação e que ofereciam riscos, tais como: contaminação, choque elétrico, afogamento, traumatismos, ficar preso em cercas e cair em buracos. Os dados foram analisados qualitativamente por meio da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que as crianças (1º e 2º ano) fantasiavam a realidade, levantando hipóteses sobre acidentes, alguns impossíveis de acontecerem. Os alunos do (3º ao 5º ano) utilizavam respostas diretas sobre riscos reais. As meninas entre (3º ao 5º ano) apresentaram maior preocupação em relação à prevenção de acidentes, quando comparadas aos meninos. Por fim, cada criança relatou de forma diferenciada os riscos apresentados em cada imagem, indicando que a percepção de risco está estreitamente relacionada à experiência individual.
Segunda Edição: mosaico de estudos e experiências interdisciplinares
Authors: Farias Ariadne
Published: July 2021

Apresentação da Segunda Edição
Economic situation in agriculture as a condition of food securuty of the economy
Authors: Lisowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

Rolnictwo jako dziedzina gospodarki w ostatnich latach podlega dużym przeobrażeniom. Z jednej strony staje się bardziej nowoczesne, ale z drugiej strony jego udział w tworzeniu PKB maleje. Problem badawczy koncentruje się wokół problemów zachodzących pomiędzy koniunkturą na rynku rolnym a koniunkturą ogólno gospodarczą. Z problemu badawczego wyprowadzono cel opracowania, który dotyczy zbadania zależności zachodzących pomiędzy koniunkturą na rynku rolnym a koniunkturą gospodarczą kraju. Autorzy podjęli próbę potwierdzenia tezy badawcze: Koniunktura ogólnogospodarcza kształtowana prze określone czynniki ekonomiczne wpływa na kształtowanie się koniunktury na rynku rolnym. Na podstawie wartości dodanej rolnictwa oraz Produktu Krajowego Brutto w latach 1992-2017 w Stanach Zjednoczonych, Wielkiej Brytanii, Francji i Polsce określono związek pomiędzy tymi zmiennymi. Przeprowadzono badania korelacyjne i kointegracyjne. Ogólne wnioski są zgodne. Na podstawie wyników badań można wnioskować o słabszym wzroście rolnictwa w Europie w porównaniu do Stanów Zjednoczonych. Znaleziono przesłanki do twierdzenia, że zaburzenia w rolnictwie mogą negatywnie oddziaływać na całą gospodarkę. Jest to szczególnie widoczne w Europie, stąd też rekomendacja do przyjrzenia się aktualnej polityce Unii Europejskiej. Taki wynik może być spowodowany „przeregulowaniem” gospodarki europejskiej. Problem badawczy koncentruje się wokół problemów zachodzących pomiędzy koniunkturą na rynku rolnym a koniunkturą ogólnogospodarczą. Z problemu badawczego wyprowadzono cel opracowania, który dotyczy zbadania zależności zachodzących pomiędzy koniunkturą na rynku rolnym a koniunkturą gospodarczą kraju. Autorzy podjęli próbę potwierdzenia tezy badawczej: Koniunktura ogólnogospodarcza kształtowana prze określone czynniki ekonomiczne wpływa na kształtowanie się koniunktury na rynku rolnym. Jako, że zależności pomiędzy rynkiem rolnym a koniunkturą gospodarczą jawią się jako obustronne, to interesujące jest rozpoznanie właściwości statystycznych tego procesu.
The Structure of Interrogative Sentences with a Nominal Subject in the French Language in a Diachronic Aspect
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University), Zubkova Mariya , Kopylova Elena ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: July 2021

The article is focused on the study of interrogative sentences with a nominal subject in the French language in terms of structural criteria in a diachronic aspect. The purpose of this study is to reveal the features of the so-called complex inversion in interrogative sentences. Special attention is paid to terminological problems. Pronominal reprise is recognized by the authors as the most correct term for an interrogative construction with a nominal subject duplicated by a personal pronoun. The lack of uniformity in terminology indicates a multidimensional nature of the inversion phenomenon in the French language. For instance, in addition to interrogative sentences, it can be used in other contexts: in simple declarative sentences after certain adverbs, in subordinate clauses after some conjunctions, in exclamatory sentences, etc. The authors highlight and describe the characteristic features of interrogative sentences with a nominal subject in terms of diachrony. Pronominal reprise appears in interrogative constructions as early as in the 16th century, mainly in general questions, subsequently extending to special questions. In the 16th – 17th centuries, the subject did not regularly precede the verb; the same applied to interrogative words, which could be placed both to the left and to the right of the subject. In sentences with a nominal subject, reprise was not the only possible structural option. The following were also used: direct word order, construction question word + est-ce que, and simple inversion. The authors come to the conclusion that pronominal reprise had finally replaced simple inversion of the nominal subject in general questions in French by the end of the 17th century.
Evolution of Robert Bridges’ Style Through the Lens of Metaphor
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Kolokol’nikova Oksana
Published: July 2021

The study of the author’s individual style is an intensively developing area of modern linguistics. Currently, the author’s individual style is considered as a system characterized by both statics and dynamics. Metaphors are some of the most reliable markers of individual style, since they give an idea of the writer’s personality and mental worldview. This article analyses the individual style in the lyric poetry of Robert Bridges, an outstanding English poet of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The obtained results made it possible to establish that the stable part of Bridges’ individual style is a set of concepts forming his conceptual sphere as well as the central opposition of his oeuvre: the microcosm–macrocosm opposition. The varying characteristics of Bridges’ individual style are the ranks of concepts, changes in which are associated with a shift in the focus of the author’s attention and transformation in his worldview. The quantitative changes in Bridges’ later lyric poems compared to the early ones include a growing share of negatively coloured vocabulary and number of substantive metaphors, as well as an increasing variety of metaphorization of certain concepts. The main trends in Bridges’ individual style transformation are the tendency towards compensation, manifesting itself in various aspects of metaphorization, and the tendency towards simplification and concretization. The analysis of the evolution of Bridges’ metaphorical system showed that at the initial stage of his writing, he is equally interested in both the inner world of a person and the outside world, while in his later lyric poems Bridges focuses on the outside world, in particular, society.
Prevalence of Stress Level in Physiotherapy Working Profession During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nautiyal Aparna , Gupta Meena , Bhatt Sipra
Published: July 2021

Background-Coronavirus disease COVID-19 become the 5th pandemic disease since 1918 which isreported first in Wuhan, China after that its affect all over the world. In India, it is confirmed January30, 2020. Professionally, also being challenged during this pandemic as we are moving under pressurein new model which involves re-skilling and redeploying staff for intensive care units, also reconsider ofstandard approaches for assessment and management. All things persist stress which leads to anxiety anddepression. Purpose of the study to analyse the prevalence of perceived stress in physiotherapy professionwho’s practicing in hospitals, healthcare centres or rehabilitation centres.Methods- Samples collected from online survey and expected sample size more than 30 clinical physiotherapistwho’s working in different setups. Perceived stress scale -10 used under the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Inclusion Criteria- must be clinical therapist working in different setups as hospitals, rehabilitation centres,and multispecialty clinics and exclusion criteria is physiotherapist who working in academic field. Analysiscarried out by Microsoft Excel 2007.Conclusion-Analysis found prevalence of perceived stress level 13% high, 68% moderate, and 19% lowstress in the total respondent physiotherapist.The high prevalence of moderate perceived stress in clinicalphysiotherapist population which is lies under 18-29 year of age criteria. Study also depicting male perceivinghigh stress rather female.
Hygiene behavior among Female Garment Workers: a Pre- COVID-19 Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Banu Bilkis , Akter Nasrin , Chawdhury SujanaHaque , Rahim Zahidur , Mahmud Hossain Sarder , Faruque Zerin Farhana , Rahman Sayeeda
Published: July 2021

This cross-sectional study was undertaken to delineate the hygiene behavior among the female garmentworkers in Bangladesh during pre-COVID-19 period. 500 female garments workers were selected for thestudy. Data were collected by face-to-face interview method using semi-structured questionnaire whichinclude the information on socio-demography, different components of personal hygiene such as bathing,brushing teeth, washing feet, washing/ changing cloth, washing hair by soap/ shampoo, trimming nailand washing hand. The majority of the participants (>75%) had ideal knowledge and practiceon everyconsidered hygiene behavior. Regarding hand-washing behavior, only 3% had appropriate knowledge andideally practiced by 60.2%. Knowledge of the respondents was significantly associated with ideal practiceof all components (p=0.01). Predictors identified according to age, BMI, education and marital status ofrespondents, were significantly associated with hygiene related to bathing, washing feet, clothing, hair andhand.
A Cross Sectional Study on the Prevalence of Abuse and Self Defence among Female Medical Students in Hubli
Authors: Dinna Bant Dattatraya
Published: July 2021

Background: Female abuse and harassment are burning issues of the present times and has shown increasingtrend of late.Harassment at workplace is a violation of Human Right.It degrades a person’s privacy anddignity leading to emotional stress,humiliation,anxiety and depression.Hence a study on the prevalence ofabuse among female medical students is highly warranted.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for a duration of one month among 100 female medicalstudents in Hubli,providing them with pretested semistructured questionnaire after obtaining informedoral consent.The participants were assured of their confidentiality.The data collected,was entered in excelsheet,tabulated and represented as tables and graphs.Conclusion: 95% female students felt that they have been harassed atleast once,among which 53% of theabusers were strangers.Verbal abuse was the most common form of abuse .Majority of them failed to informhigher authorities and had deep psycho social impact.Only a meagre of them were trained in self defensetechnics.
Silent Epidemic of Non-communicable diseases- Trend of Diabetes, Coronary Artery Disease, Cerebrovascular Accident, Thyroid and Hypertension at a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Dalal Dhaval , Choudhari Vaishali , Devakumar Veda , Britto Namrata , Gawali Vijaykumar
Published: July 2021

Introduction- In a developing country like India, non-communicable diseases are on a rise. Diabetes (DM),Coronary artery disease (CAD), Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), thyroid disorders and hypertension (HTN)are the leading communicable diseases and have become a common occurrence. In this study we aim tostudy the prevalence of these diseases over the span of five years as well as their association with each other.Material Methods- In this retrospective study we aim to study trends of non-communicable diseases,in a cohort of 48,966 in-patients for 5 years from 2016-2020. Co-prevalence and association of thesecomorbidities with each other were also studied.Result- Non-communicable diseases had an increasing trend from 2016-2020. Association of diabetesand hypertension (Chi-square 12268.54 , P<0.0001), diabetes and CVA (Chi-square 864.99, P<0.0001),diabetes and CAD (Chi-square 4999.73, P<0.0001) diabetes and thyroid (chi-square 583.60, P<0.0001),hypertension and CAD (Chi-square 8013.82, P<0.0001), hypertension and CVA (Chi-square 2135.881,P<0.0001), hypertension and thyroid (Chi-square 1097.278, P<0.0001), thyroid and CVA (Chi-square18.81, P<0.0001), thyroid and CAD (Chi-square 1233.501, P<0.0001), CAD and CVA (Chi-square 704.662,P<0.0001) was found to be very highly significant statistically .Conclusion- The increase in non-communicable diseases is imminent in developing countries like Indiaand it emphasises the importance of timely clinical investigations and interventions. The increasing trend ofnon-communicable diseases in India may be attributed to sociological changes towards a more westernisedlifestyle.
Impact of Inhalers in the Management of Asthma/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in General Public
Authors: Divya B M  , Narayanan Ayyar Ajitha , Yadav Monika Sahana , Pushpa G  , Nekkanti Vineela , Srinivasan R
Published: July 2021

Background- Appropriate selection and adherence to inhalers is essential in the management of Asthma/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Even though there are some benefits pertaining to the use ofinhalers,the drawbacks have led to poor lung capacity among the patients and therefore poorer managementand control of disease conditions. Objectives- the objectives are to monitor adherence and satisfactionto the inhalers, counsel the patients about right inhaler technique and consequences of incorrect use andto evaluate lung function. Methods- This prospective observational study was conducted in three phasesnamely Evaluation of Test for the Adherence to Inhalers (TAI-10 questionnaire); Health Education Program;Evaluation of Feeling of Satisfaction with inhaler questionnaire (FSI-10). Results- The study included 404subjects where the inspiratory and expiratory lung capacities were measured using three ball incentivespirometer and peak floor meter respectively. After health education program, the lung capacities of thesubjects gradually increased which was initially deprived. The p-value for peak flow meter and spirometerwhich was interpreted using two-tailed t test indicated that the results were statistically significant.Furthermore, scores for TAI-10 and FSI-10 were assessed and results were analysed. Conclusions-Pooradherence to the use of inhalers is a major challenge in the management of asthma/COPD, which occursdue to lack of awareness about the right use of inhalers. Hence, the clinical pharmacist should educate theasthma/ COPD patients on the appropriate use of inhaler for the better management of the disorders.
Otology and Mobile Phone : A Correlation
Authors: Vandana Singh  , Abhay Kumar Singh  , Sushil Gaur  , Raina Rathore
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The mobile phone is a modern-day invention. Since their introduction in 1980s, mobile phoneshave gone from being expensive items that were mainly used by the business elite, to being communicationtools used by the general population. Since ear is the closest organ to mobile phones receiving higher energydeposition than other organs, the effects of mobile phone radiation on hearing will be a topic debate.Aims and Objectives: To determine the physical and functional effect of mobile phone use on ear, Toassess the hearing pattern in mobile phone users,To ascertain any other self-reported symptoms associatedwith mobile phone use like headache, tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo/dizziness, tension anxiety, fatigue andforgetfulness ,To find out possible remedial measures to avoid/reduce ill effects of mobile phones in mobilephone users.Material and Methods: A study was conducted in the Department of E.N.T., Santosh medical colleg,ghazaiabd, U.P., India which included 350 patients using mobile phones presenting to outpatient clinics.Correlation was done between mobile users and hearing.Results: We have evaluated that among 350 subjects, 299 subjects had normal hearing,37 subjects had 5dB hearing loss, 9 subjects had 10dB hearing loss and 5 subjects had15dB hearing loss irrespective of duration of mobile phone use.Conclusion: Phone should only be used when necessary and calls should be kept short ,Use of mobile phoneshould be avoided if the signal strength is low ,Phone should be kept away from the head, eyes, testicles,breasts and internal organs as far as possible. Hands free device should be used,Phone should be switchedoff when not in use.
Public Expenditure on Healthcare in India and Tamil Nadu: Five-Year Plans
Authors: Elango J. Parimalam  , V. Sathishkumar  , R. Rajanbabu
Published: July 2021

Background: Health is both an input and an outcome of broader social and economic development. It is alsowell known that achievements in health do not simply depend on the health sector, other than arise out ofimprovements in education, standard of living, social stability, housing, water supply, sanitation and otherenvironmental factors. These are amenable to change by actions taken by households, communities andgovernments and are typically outside the domain of the health system.Objective: The present paper attempts to estimate the extent of public health expenditure in India and TamilNadu over the period under review with reference to five-year plans.Methodology: The particulars regarding the total plan investment outlay, health and family welfareexpenditures in India and Tamil Nadu have been collected from the published source which is presentedbeneath the respective table. To carry out the research, straightforward tabular statements were prepared forworking out the percentage and average value.Conclusion: From the analysis, it’s evident that the total expenditure on health and family welfare of thecentral and state government shows a steady increase over the plan periods. It’s clear from that the planoutlay on both the health and family welfare has increased from first plan (1951-56) to twelfth plan (2012-17) in absolute terms. However it has been always low sharing to the total plan investment outlay of thecountry. In Tamil Nadu, almost in all the plan periods, the approved outlay was less than incurred actualexpenditure.
Peace and Improvement in Iraqi Childhood Nutrition
Authors: Huda S. Saeed  , Besmah M. Ali  , Jawad K. Al-Diwan
Published: July 2021

Background: Malnutrition is faulty and bad nutrition. It is a silent invisible emergency that can be easilyprevented and managed. High prevalence rates of malnutrition were reported in Iraq since 1996 but startedto decline after the change in regimen in 2003.Objective: To demonstrate the negative effects of conflicts (wars, widespread violence …etc.) on childrengrowth.Materials and Method: A review of data was done from MICS reports from 1996 till 2018. Under 5 yearsmalnutrition trends were graphically presented.Results: All malnutrition indicators rates (stunting, wasting, and underweight) in both their moderate andsevere forms for under five years children were presented in graphs including north middle, and southregions of Iraq.Conclusions: Peace is an essential element in preventing malnutrition. Wars and social strife are the mainfactors that precipitate it. Low prevalence rates of malnutrition reflect good health.
Mother’s Health Seeking Behavior During Childhood illness in Northeast India: Findings of National Family Health Survey 4 (2015-16)
Authors: Jatin Phukan  , Bipin Gogoi
Published: July 2021

The latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) report reflects the current health condition of the countryand its states as well as.Based on these findings this review carried out to highlight the mother’s healthseeking behaviours during childhood illness for the North-eastern states of India along with existing healthprograms catering to maternal and child health.Overall 60 percent of the children aged under five (U-5) werereceived any advice or treatment for Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) from a health provider in NortheastIndia. Nearly 20 percent of the children with fever were given antibiotic drug and only 1 percent of themwere given antimalarial drug. Meghalaya is the only North-eastern state were the maximum incidence (12%)of diarrhoea has been observed while least was seen in Sikkim (2%). The lack of basic amenities is directlyor indirectly responsible for the high burden of childhood morbidities in this region. Also, poor and unequaldistribution of maternal health seeking behaviours for their children were observed to all the North-easternstates of India. A huge proportion of children are still lagging behind from the adequate advices or treatmentsdue to various reasons like, poor quality of care and the lake of government health facility in the area, healthpersonnel were often absent from government health facilities and the major problem was the distance to ahealth facility specially in rural areas.
Assess the Psychological Problem and Coping Strategies Adopted among Post Menopausal Women at Tribal Area of Bhandardara
Authors: Kale Kalpana Shivaji
Published: July 2021

Background: Menopause is Universal phenomenon and is permanent cessation of menstruation resultingto loss of ovarian follicle development. Menopause is most striking feature during the period of transitionfrom the reproductive to the non-reproductive stage of life due to hormonal changes women experience widerange of physical, psychological and social problem. Psychological symptoms causes effect of daily lifeand also most often neglected. Stress due to transition includes a adjusting to the changing self, alterationin sexuality caused by hormonal changes. Coping strategies help women to overcome these problems andlead a normal lifes.1Aim of the study: Assess the psychological problem and coping Strategies adopted among Post menopausalwomen. Methods: A cross sectional survey of 250 post menopausal women, selected by non-probabilitypurposive sampling technique. Survey was conducted by structure questionnaire at tribal area of Bhandardara.Result: Majority (30%) women from 45-55 years of age. Overall mean score for psychological problemwere (60.26±14.13) whereas for coping strategies mean score was (106.79±22.60). Nearly half (50%)women under study had mild to moderate psychological problems. There is statistical significant correlationbetween psychological problems and coping strategies adopted by menopausal women at 0.05 level.Conclusion: Study findings shows most of the women had mild to moderate psychological symptoms andvery few women adopted the coping strategies to reduce the psychological problem.
Road Traffic Accidents among the Young-Aged Riders in India
Authors: Kumar Sumit
Published: July 2021

Road traffic accidents have emerged as the new public health challenge of the 21st century. There has beenan unprecedented upsurge in the area of auto mobilization like never before in the post-liberalization erain India. With a population close to 1.37 billion people, India now faces the worst ever road congestion inmost of the areas. Indian roads are the most vulnerable road in the world. Road traffic injuries are the sixthleading cause of death in India. It is imperative to comprehensively understand the underlying behaviouralfactors related to road traffic accidents. Literature related to traffic behaviour is sparse in India. The currentpaper intends to highlight behaviours & underlying determinants, which cause road traffic accidents (RTA).Drunken riding, cell phone usage & tailgating are some of the risky riding behaviour prominent among theyoung riders in India. The informed evidence from the current review can provide valuable leads to thepolicymakers at the local level to initiate targeted interventions.