bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ética y resiliencia familiar para un atención integral en el campo de las enfermedades raras
Authors: García Parra Martín
Published: December 2019

En sociedades actuales, niños, niñas y jóvenes con enfermedades raras se enfrentan a barreras discapacitantes y excluyentes. ¿Cómo fomentar un carácter ético, resiliente y empoderado en sus familias que les permita mejorar su calidad de vida? Para responder a esta pregunta, INèDITHOS, un proyecto de Pedagogía Hospitalaria, busca mejorar la calidad de vida de niños, niñas y jóvenes con enfermedades raras a través de la intervención e investigación educativa y tecnológica desde un ámbito universitario en Mallorca, España.En este contexto y en el marco de investigación de una tesis doctoral, pretendemos generar principios éticos interdisciplinares que sirvan como referencia a los diferentes profesionales que participan en el ámbito de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria y que dan soporte a familias con algún miembro con enfermedad rara. La metodología de investigación se está realizando en tres fases: a) revisión sistemática de la literatura científica actual sobre la relación entre ética, resiliencia familiar y empoderamiento comunitario; b) grupos focales de discusión con profesionales de los ámbitos sanitario, educativo y psico-social que se relacionen con el ámbito de las enfermedades raras para cartografiar sus perspectivas sobre una atención integral a este sector de la población; y c) análisis desde una teoría crítica social para proponer principios éticos en pedagogía hospitalaria.Para esta comunicación presentaremos los avances en la investigación realizada, que se encuadra en el primer objetivo de la tesis doctoral. Por tanto, el resultado esperado de este ámbito es forjar un marco teórico coherente que permita cartografiar las perspectivas de los profesionales implicados en la atención integral de familias con enfermedades raras.
Afrontamiento y resiliencia: un estudio con adolescentes sanos
Authors: Morán Astorga M. Consuelo , Menezes dos Anjos Ester , Ramalho Barbosa María do Perpétuo Socorro
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la influencia o valor predictivo que tiene el afrontamiento sobre la resiliencia psicológica. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios de auto-informe a 124 adolescentes españoles para medir las estrategias de afrontamiento y la resiliencia. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron con el IBM-SPSS. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de regresión lineal. Los resultados informan que determinadas estrategias de afrontamiento como afrontamiento activo, reevaluación positiva, aceptación del problema y religión se asocian a mayor resiliencia. Otras estrategias como autoinculpación, desconexión y uso de sustancias se asocian a más bajas puntuaciones en resiliencia.Los adolescentes estudiados utilizan con mayor frecuencia el afrontamiento activo a la hora de resolver los problemas que les causan estrés, también la planificación y el apoyo emocional. Autodistracción también aparece con alta puntuación. El estudio de la resiliencia y el afrontamiento es un asunto de gran interés científico en el campo de la psicología, fundamentalmente porque en la etapa adolescente vemos conveniente el aprendizaje de las estrategias de afrontamiento que suponen una mayor resiliencia ante el estrés de la vida.
Rutinas emocionales en familias de infantes víctimas de acoso: estudio de caso en escuela de zona de riesgo
Authors: García Cruz Rubén , Hernández Sánchez Citlali
Published: December 2019

La presente investigación es de tipo mixta, basada en estudio de caso, la cual se dividió en dos fases, la primera de tipo exploratorio-descriptiva cuyo objetivo fue describir el fenómeno de acosovictimización a través de la Escala de ERAVE, compuesta por tres subescalas, en infantes escolarizados en zona de riesgo en la primaria Margarita Maza de Juárez, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, misma que fue aplicada a 38 estudiantes. La segunda con enfoque etnográfico educativo, cuyo propósito fue analizar los discursos obtenidos mediante la entrevista semiestructurada en 3 escolares con puntajes altos en la escala de victimización, estos permitieron profundizar en la realidad familiar y sociocultural de los infantes y su comportamiento en la escuela. Los resultados indican que a mayor calidad de las rutinas emocionales en la familia, menor es la probabilidad que estén inmersos en el fenómeno acoso-victimización, manifestando niveles normales de ansiedad y angustia. Los sujetos de estudio están inmersos en una dinámica familiar violenta. Es así que las rutinas emocionales son poco sistematizadas y los vínculos superficiales en estas familias. Cuando se basan en emociones positivas, potencian factores de protección que favorecen la resiliencia y salud mental.
Diferencias de perfeccionismo en función del grado de rechazo escolar por evitar la afectividad negativa que provocan los estímulos escolares
Authors: Aparicio Flores Mª Pilar , Ortega Sandoval Virginia Narcisa , Fernández Sogorb Aitana , García Fernández José Manuel
Published: December 2019

El perfeccionismo es entendido como aquella tendencia a establecer elevados estándares de desempeño, acompañado de una evaluación excesivamente crítica de los mismos y una gran preocupación por cometer errores, cuestión por lo que se relaciona con diversos problemas patológicos.A su vez, uno de los factores de rechazo escolar, evalúa el rechazo de estímulos que provocan la afectividad negativa, referente a la ansiedad que provoca la obligación de asistir y permanecer en la escuela. Es decir, aquellos sentimientos negativos que puede provocar en algunos sujetos. El objetivo planteado en el siguiente estudio fue analizar si existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas de perfeccionismo en adolescentes con altas y bajas puntuaciones en la evitación de la afectividad negativa que provocan estímulos o situaciones relacionadas con el ámbito escolar, factor I de la School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C). Para ello, se utilizó también la Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS) con objeto de evaluar el perfeccionismo. La muestra seleccionada alcanzó un total de 1920 alumnos de entre 15 y 18 años (Medad = 16.31; DE = 1.00). Los resultados observados muestran diferencias en los grupos Perfeccionismo Socialmente Prescrito (PSP) y en Perfeccionismo Auto Orientado Crítica (PAO-C), con puntuaciones más elevadas en PSP (d = .19) y PAO-C (d = .42) cuanto mayor rechazo escolar. Estos resultados aportan un nuevo conocimiento en el ámbito científico teniendo en cuenta que pocos son los estudios en el país de Ecuador que midan las diferencias entre ambos constructos.
Alta y baja presencia en la búsqueda de refuerzos tangibles fuera del ámbito escolar: diferencias de perfeccionismo en población ecuatoriana
Authors: García Fernández José Manuel , Ortega Sandoval Virginia Narcisa , Fernández Sogorb Aitana , Aparicio Flores María Pilar
Published: December 2019

El perfeccionismo muestra un carácter multidimensional cuya característica principal en los sujetos que lo poseen es establecerse estándares excesivamente altos, autoevaluándose con demasiada rigurosidad. Por este motivo, los estudios que lo abordan han enfocado su conceptualización en observar la tendencia a trastornos psicopatológicos. Por otro lado, el rechazo escolar, entre otros aspectos, muestra una de las causas cuya lógica recae en la búsqueda de obtener recompensas positivas fuera del ámbito escolar. Es decir, ese rechazo se centra en la negativa a asistir al centro educativo ya que es considerado aburrido y se prefiere estar con los amigos o realizando actividades recreativas. El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue analizar las diferencias estadísticamente significantes de perfeccionismo con estudiantes con altos y bajos niveles de la búsqueda de refuerzos tangibles fuera del ámbito escolar. Se utilizaron el Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS) para evaluar el perfeccionismo, y la School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C) para medir el rechazo escolar. La muestra de la población seleccionada alcanzó un total de 1920 alumnos de entre 1º y 3º de Bachillerato. Los resultados arrojan diferencias en los grupos con altos y bajos niveles del IV factor del SRAS-R-C, en Perfeccionismo Socialmente Prescrito (PSP), Perfeccionismo Auto Orientado Esfuerzos (PAO-E) y Perfeccionismo Auto Orientado Crítica (PAOC), observando puntuaciones más altas en PSP (d = .37), PAO-E (d = .38), y PAO-C (d = .14) en  aquellos estudiantes con altos niveles de rechazo escolar frente a sus iguales con niveles más bajos de rechazo escolar. En conclusión, el presente estudio colabora con un nuevo conocimiento en el ámbito científico-educativo, e incita a seguir investigando sobre el tema, teniendo en cuenta la repercusión a nivel psicológico y académico que puede contribuir en la población juvenil ecuatoriana.
Thermodynamic features of the modifi cation of non-metallic inclusions by calcium in low-carbon steels deoxidized by aluminum
Authors: Khoroshilov A. D. , Grigorovich K. V.
Published: December 2019

Low-carbon steels deoxidized by aluminum are the main group of structural steels produced in Russiaand all over the world. These steels work in key sectors of the economy – construction, automotive, mining and transportation of minerals, etc. The deoxidation of steel melt by aluminum leads to the formation of non-metallic inclusions, which can significantly aﬀect quality of rolled products and reduce the manufacturability of production due to overgrowth of submerged

nozzles during continuous casting. So, ceteris paribus, only due to contamination of steel with non-metallic inclusions, the following diﬀerences in technical and economic indicators can be observed: sorting by surface defects, reduced yield of cast slabs, increased corrosion wear rate, sorting by ultrasonic inspection defects, etc. Due to the particular shape, size and state of aggregation, non-metallic inclusions based on aluminum deoxidation products are diﬃcult to remove from the steel melt. An eﬀective way to reduce steel pollution by similar inclusions is modifying their composition to a liquid state of aggregation with calcium, which requires careful preparation of the molten slag and metal. The article describes in detail the main thermodynamic features of this process. On the example of IF-steel, we present calculation of the target range of calcium content to ensure the inclusion modification to a liquid state depending on aluminum concentration in the steel melt. The limiting sulfur concentrations in the metal melt are determined depending on aluminum and calcium contents, which ensure prevention of the formation of refractory sulfide shells on oxide non-metallic inclusions.
Оxygen solubility in melts of Ni – Co system at complex deoxidation by aluminium and silicon
Authors: Alexandrov A. A. , Dashevskii V. Ya. , Leont’ev L. I.
Published: December 2019

Alloys of Ni – Co system are widely used in industry. Oxygen is one of the harmful impurities in these alloys; in metal it is present in dissolved form or in the form of nonmetallic inclusions. Getting the finished metal with a minimum oxygen concentration is one of the main tasks of production process of these alloys. With the complex deoxidation of the metal melt, the activity of oxides resulting from the deoxidation process is less than one, due to this, with the same content of deoxidizing elements, it is possible to obtain a metal with a lower oxygen concentration, therefore, more deeply deoxidized. At joint deoxidation with two deoxidizers, a stronger deoxidizer takes a predominant part in the reaction, however, if oxides of the deoxidizing elements form chemical compounds, it contributes to participation of a weaker deoxidizer in deoxidation process. A thermodynamic analysis of the joint influence of aluminum and silicon on the solubility of oxygen in the melts of Ni – Co system has been performed. Deoxidation reaction products may be formed as mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2 ), and kyanite (Al2O3·SiO2 ). Presence of silicon in the melt enhances the deoxidizing ability of aluminum: insignificantly in the case of formation of compound 3Al2O3·2SiO2 and significantly in the case of formation of compound Al2O3·SiO2 . Oxygen solubility curves in the case of formation of compound Al2O3·SiO2 pass through a minimum, the position of which depends on the content of aluminum in the melt and doesn’t dependent on silicon content. Aluminum content in the minimum points is insignificantly reduced from nickel to cobalt as in the case of melts of Ni – Co–Al. Further additives of aluminum lead to an increase in oxygen concentration. Areas of compounds Al2O3 , 3Al2O3·2SiO2 , Al2O3·SiO2 and SiO2 depending on aluminum and silicon contents in the melt are determined. In melts of the Ni – Co system, the deoxidizing ability of aluminum and silicon increases with an increase in cobalt content in the melt. However, silicon enhances the deoxidizing ability of aluminum the weaker the higher cobalt content.
Generalized diagrams and equations of recrystallization of cold-deformed steel St
Authors: Belomyttsev M. Yu.
Published: December 2019

The recrystallization processes in steel St.3 inthe ferrite state were studied. Samples with diameter of 8 mmand with height of 10 mmwere deformed by compression at 20 °Cfor 20 to 80 %, annealed at 400 – 735 °Cfor a period from 5 minutes to 10 hours, and cooled in the air. On the samples, the grain size was determined in longitudinal sections (with respect to the compression axis). After separation of the entire array of experimental data (degree of deformation ε, temperature T and time τ of annealing, grain size D) into 3 groups (no recrystallization, beginning and end of the primary recrystallization), the equations of hyperplanes best sharing these groups were found by the method of discriminant mathematical analysis. Recrystallization is not observed if the temperature is below 465 °C, or if the degree of deformation is lower than 20 % for any combination of other parameters. The deformed structure completely recrystallizes if the experimental points are in the parameter range: T > 550 °C, ε > 40 %, τ > 30 min. The largest grain refinement (up to 7 – 10 μm) was obtained after deformation with a maximum degree (80 %). The first critical (physical) degree of deformation, after which the size of the recrystallized grain is larger than the original one, is absent. The second critical (technical) degree of deformation is 25 – 35 % for temperatures of 530 – 735 °C. At such degrees grain refinement was observed in comparison with the initial deformed state. Mathematical relation between the size of the recrystallized grain and the experiments’ parameters was analyzed in two ways: according to Arrhenius in the form D=AεNτMexp (-Q/RT) , and according to Hollomon with linear temperature dependence (D ~ T). The Arrhenius solution gave the following equation: log(D) = 2,08 – 0,33log(ε) + 0,023log(τ) – 967,31 1/T. Therefore, activation energy of the recrystallization process is found to be ~18,000 J/mol. In case of the Hollomon analysis, it was proposed to use the function РН = T/1000 [СН – log(τ) + log(ε)] as the Hollomon parameter, and the Hollomon constant of CH should be found by numerical methods. For these conditions, the equation D = –21,317 – 0,034T + 0,0032log(τ) T – 0,0032log(ε)T was obtained. The accuracy of both descriptions, defined as the sum of deviations squares of the measured grain sizes from calculated, is equal to ~3,3 μm or (when normalized to an average value) ~20 %.
Calidad educativa, a propósito de la gestión comunitaria en nueve establecimientos educativos de Medellín: 2010 a 2013
Authors: Pino Montoya Jose Wilmar , Castaño Gómez Melina
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es reconocer las concepciones de la gestión comunitaria, las prácticas asociadas con esta y su impacto en el mejoramiento académico-pedagógico de los establecimientos educativos participantes. En esta investigación se privilegió el estudio cualitativo en perspectiva de una hermenéutica comprensiva. Se hicieron nueve entrevistas a directivos y docentes de nueve establecimientos educativos, incluidos públicos y privados, de Medellín que hubieran participado de los premios Ciudad de Medellín a la Calidad de la Educación. Se encontró que la gestión comunitaria de los establecimientos investigados se centró en su relación con el contexto, la proyección a la comunidad, las relaciones interinstitucionales, el seguimiento a egresados y la prevención del riesgo. A modo de conclusión, se resalta que los establecimientos educativos participantes en los premios fortalecen su gestión comunitaria a través de las alianzas con otras organizaciones, lo que afianza la construcción del tejido social y contribuye a mejorar su gestión educativa.
Linguistic Politeness in the Chinese Language and Culture
Authors: Lee Horng-Yi
Published: December 2019

This paper aims to explore the cultural foundations of polite speech and analyze its usage and practice in modern Chinese. A language mirrors the culture it is associated with. Grounded in the Chinese tradition and the teachings of Confucianism, the emphasis on rites, propriety and humility led to the development of polite language from the early imperial time. Because of the absence of related syntactic features, Chinese linguistic politeness is predominantly manifested on the lexical level. A rich array of decorous terms and expressions has been evolved accordingly to express courtesy or respect either verbally or in formal writing. In general, the lexicon of politeness can be classified into four major categories, namely, honorifics, humble language, courteous speech, and euphemisms.
C-E Interpreting of Political Neologisms in Light of Searle’s Network-background Theory
Authors: Ji Xiaowen
Published: December 2019

Searle believes that language meaning is determined by intentional states, and is hugely influenced by social rules and communicators’ mental capabilities, concluding his Network-Background Theory in his discussion of Intentionality. Contemporary Chinese political discourse has its own distinctiveness, and is especially featured by increasing political neologisms, posing difficulties for interpreters and for China’s international publicity. Interpreting of Chinese political neologisms, also for the purpose of conveying language meaning can gain guidance from Searle’s Network-Background Theory. This paper elaborates through exemplification on strategies for interpreting political neologisms in light of Searle’s theory.
Harmony through Conflicts: Herman Melville's Attitudes towards Transcendentalism in Moby-Dick
Authors: Qi Wenjin
Published: December 2019

According to the Transcendentalist beliefs proposed by great American thinker Ralph Waldo Emerson in the mid-19th century, this article carries out a detailed analysis of Melville's both Anti-Transcendentalist thoughts and Transcendentalist tendency in the perspectives of Oversoul, Individualism, and Man-and-Nature relationship revealed in Moby-Dick. It also lists the reasons for Melville's complex and sophisticated attitude towards Transcendentalism in the hope of directing the critical attention to this aspect that Moby-Dick is a twisted and ambiguous interpretation of Melville's attitude towards Transcendentalism.
Using a Unique and Long Forgotten Authentic Material in the EFL/ESL Classroom: Poetry
Authors: Aladini Farzaneh , Farahbod Farzin
Published: December 2019

No doubt one of the everlasting concerns of EFL/ESL teachers is to re-examine and improve teaching tools and practices to meet the needs of their students. This article portrays how poetry, a very genuine and authentic text, can enrich students' language experience. My own teaching observations and students' positive feedback, all proved that poetry can enrich emotional response, imaginative power and creativity in the language learners. Thus it increases their engagement and involvement. There are over hundred original ideas for working with poetry in the language classroom. These highly motivational activities and exercises encourage students to express their inner thoughts and feelings in English. No doubt these classroom activities and practices can improve students' language skills. This article provides a sample of a poem worksheet that includes four skills activities: reading, writing, speaking and listening.
Characteristics of clinical manifestation of pointed condylomas in men practicing sex with men
Authors: Stoyanov V. B. , Semenova T. B. , Molochkov V. A. , Zhukov O. B. , Fominykh S. Yu.
Published: December 2019

The study objective is to investigate the characteristics of clinical manifestation of pointed condylomas (PCs) in men practicing sex with men (MSM).

Materials and methods. Eight MSM were under observation: 2 stable pairs and 4 unrelated homosexuals. Among them, 5 were between the ages of 18 and 26, 3 – between 40 and 51. In every case, men complained of nodular rash in the area of external genitals or anus. A test was performed to determine the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) of high (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 71, 82) and low (6, 11, 44) cancerogenic risk.

Results. In 4 patients, PCs were previously removed by destructive therapy multiple times. Remission lasted from 1 to 9 months. At the first examination, PCs on the penis were observed in all 8 patients, and in 3 PCs were also observed in the perineal area; 3 patients had PCs on the oral mucosa along with anogenital PCs. PCs appeared in the period between 3 weeks and 1.5 months prior to doctor visit. A trend towards rapid dispersion and expansion and fusion of PCs was noted by all patients. Associations of 2 HPV types were observed in 2 patients, of 3 types – in 3 patients, of 4 types – in 2 patients. HPV types of both high and low oncogenic risk were detected, but urethra, mouth and anus materials always contained DNA markers for type 6 and 11 HPV.

Conclusion. MSM have the highest risk of HPV infection. All forms of homosexual sex are risk factors for HPV infection. Multicentricity and variety of proliferative skin and mucosal lesions are characteristic of the infection caused by HPV in MSM. Even in the absence of complaints, it is necessary to examine oral mucosa, tonsils and throat to rule out possible infection (including asymptomatic forms of HPV). PCs in MSM have a tendency towards rapid dissemination and growth. Type 6 and 11 HPV absolutely dominate in PCs. Meanwhile, different types of HPV in urethral, oral and anal materials can be explained both by contamination and uneven affinity of different HPV types towards epithelial cells of derma and mucosa.
FEATURES OF ECOLOGICAL CARTOGRAPHY OF TERRITORY FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES
Authors: Datsenko L. , Nizhynska Y.
Published: December 2019

The article presents information on the basic principles and rules of ecological mapping of the territory. The discrepancy between creating such maps for the initial purposes use is revealed. An ecological map is a mapping model of ecological states of landscape taxa, which in aggregate reflect the current ecological situation on the territory. An ecological map is a set of discrete values of the state of the geosystem, which gradually change from point to point, covering the entire study area. Кeywords: ecological mapping, geoinformation systems, educational cartographic work, ecological education, соndition of geosystem.
GEOMORPHOLOGY, NEOTECHONICS AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE NATURAL GEOLOGICAL MONUMENTSON "STARUNIA" TERRITORY
Authors: Kalynii T. , Omelchenko V.
Published: December 2019

A survey of geomorphological and neotectonic features around "The Starunia paleontological site" allows to produce a complete description of paleogeographic conditions and geological age of the Pleistocene mammals. The floodplain terraces I and II and a redevelopment valley have been distinguished on the geomorphological map and a sketch of cross-section of the Velyky Lukavets River valley. The location of fossil fauna (mammoth and rhinoceroses) has been indicated. The prospect of finding new extinct Pleistocene mammals preserved in bitumen and salt has been substantiated.

In the late Pliocene, the northeast macro-slope of the Carpathians was dissected by many parallel river valleys transverse to the main Carpathian direction of structures and longitudinal valleys. The rivers took down coarse-grained material from the mountains that formed the high terraces and debris cones (inland delta) of the ancient Dniester valley. The latter was formed at the foot of the Carpathians, in the area of the modern village of Loyeva and the Dniester, then gradually retreated 30–40 km to the northeast and took its present location on the longitude of the town of Halych. Its block mass alluvium formed two ancient terrace plains – Krasna and Loyeva. The climate was subtropical, the type of the present Mediterranean, as evidenced by the red-brown color of the clayey cement of coarse-grained alluvium and cover clays with active migration of iron and manganese.

In the early Pleistocene, in the wide swampy valley of the river Lukavets Velykyi, the winding beds of the last stage of river valleys development were quietly meandered. Monotonous dark gray to black marsh accumulations, silt clays, biogenic silts with numerous plant remains accumulated. Landscapes – tundra with dwarf birch, alder, willow etc. The climate was severe, consistent with Wurm (Valdai) glaciation (59–13 thousand years ago). Perhaps just then herds of mammoths and rhinos grazed in the valleys of the Starunia territory and our ancestors Cro-Magnons lived here.

The extremely important practical value of Starunia is that further expansion of research and creation of an international ecological-tourist center – the Geopark of the Ice Age will significantly improve the socio-economic status of the village of Starunia, provide the population with new jobs and raise the level of tourism in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. The authors hope that the unique phenomenon of Starunia will be preserved for future generations.
Yumuşak kabuklu kaplumbağa evrimi: Akdeniz’deki tek tür, Trionyx triunguis
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Özgür , KESKİN DİLEK
Published: December 2019

Kaplumbağalar, dişsiz, anapsid ve kemik bir kabuk
ile üstleri örtülmüş ovipar özellik gösteren sürüngenlerdir. Kaplumbağaların
vücut morfolojilerinin kökeni sürüngen evriminin en önemli gizemlerinden birini
oluşturmaktadır. Günümüze kadar yapılan çeşitli moleküler
çalışmalar, kaplumbağaların Tuatara, kertenkele ve yılanların dahil olduğu
Lepidosauria grubunun dışında yer aldığı ve timsah ile kuşların bulunduğu
Archosauria grubuna kardeş grup olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırıcılar
kaplumbağaların atası olarak günümüzden 220 MYÖ’ne ait olan Odontochelyidae
isimli yeni bir familya tanımlamışlardır. Söz konusu çalışmaya göre, bilinen
bütün kaplumbağa ve fosillerinin en eskisi Odontochelys olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Kaplumbağaların günümüzde yaşayan en eski grubu olarak bilinen Güneydoğu Asya
orijinli olan Trionychidae familyasına giren kaplumbağalar gece aktif olan
etçil tatlı su kaplumbağalarıdır. Karapas ve plastronlarında epidermis orjinli
plaklar olmamasına rağmen bu bölgelerin üstü ince bir deri ile örtülüdür. Bu
grup üyeleri Asya kıtasının Kratase jeolojik döneminin başlangıcından (yaklaşık
100–140 MYÖ) günümüze kadar gelen, yüksek oranda morfolojik çeşitlilik gösteren
canlılardır.
Role of magnetic resonance tomography in diagnosis of genital endometriosis among women of reproductive age
Authors: Sandakova E. A. , Chistyakova D. M. , Vaganova A. F. , Rakitina Yu. V.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To estimate the informativity of the technique of magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) of pelvic organs in diagnosis of genital endometriosis in women of reproductive age.

Materials and methods. The results of pelvic organs MRT from 415 women aged 1845 years were analyzed. The examination was implemented using the apparatus Philips Intera 1.5 Tl. The method of copying the results of MR-investigations was used to receive the data on localization, degree of dissemination of endometriosis foci and concomitant diseases of female reproductive system, which were later compared with the results of the existing echographic studies of pelvic organs.

Results. The study demonstrated higher informativity of magnetic resonance tomography in diagnosis of different forms of endometriosis and gynecological pathology associated with it, unlike echography. Out of 415 women, who underwent magnetic resonance tomography of pelvic organs, endometriosis was diagnosed in 20 % of the examined women, while echographic study only in 4 %. When implementing ultrasound, the signs of malignant neoplasms of the uterine neck and ovaries were not detected in a part of patients, whereas revealed with MRT of pelvic organs and further confirmed by the results of histological studies.

Conclusions. Application of magnetic resonance tomography permits to improve significantly diagnosis of endometriosis that is important for determination of adequate tactics of treatment, taking into account the existing concomitant gynecological pathology.
Hepatic syndromes and cytokine indices in patients with hepatic cirrhosis
Authors: Schekotova A. P. , Bulatova I. A. , Paducheva S. V.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To analyze the clinical manifestations of hepatic cirrhosis (HC) of different etiology and their correlation with proinflammatory cytokine level interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-).

Materials and methods. Fifty patients with viral hepatic cirrhosis (as a result of chronic hepatitis C), 20 patients with alcoholic HC, 16 persons with mixed etiology HC (viral and alcoholic) with the mean age 53 13.01 years were examined. Hepatic cirrhosis was diagnosed using complex data of clinicolaboratory and instrumental studies. The levels of IL-6 and TNF- were determined with the kits of VectorBest company (Russia, Novosibirsk) using the method of enzyme immunoassay and registration of results on photometer Stat-Fax 2100 (USA).

Results. No reliable differences in clinical manifestations and cytokine level in HC of different etiology were detected. The levels of cytokine concentration median significantly elevated as HC progressed. Interleukin-6 demonstrated moderate correlations with lethargy and hepatocellular insufficiency as a whole (Ki = 0.673 and Ki = 0.607, respectively).

Conclusions. Clinical syndromes of HC practically do not depend on etiology of disease. Increase in production of IL-6 and TNF-a demonstrates pathogenetic significance of proinflammatory cytokines in the lesion of the liver. IL-6 level correlates with the severity of liver lesion and, thus, objectifies clinical symptoms in HC patients, especially those based on patients complaints.
Assessment of immune status in children with functional respiratory system disorders, living in aerogenic aluminium exposure zone
Authors: Dolgikh Oleg V. , Alikina Inga N. , Guselnikov Maxim A.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To assess the immune status in children of primary school age with functional disorders of the respiratory system, who live in the territory with location of industrial enterprise, producing aluminium.

Materials and methods. Fifty-two children aged 711 years with respiratory system disorders, who live in the zone of exposure of aluminium-producing enterprise were examined. Cellular differentiation marker CD127, protein Bcl-2 and TNFR receptor expression levels were identified using the method of flow cytometry. Phagocytic activity of the cells was studied using formalinized sheep erythrocytes; IgG content was determined with radial immunodiffusion method; beta2-microglobulin level with enzyme immunoassay. Functional status of respiratory system was assessed using spirometry, rhinomanometry methods but functional reserves with calculated Skibinskaya index.

Results. The prevalence of allergic diseases in the examined children was 2,4 times higher and allergic rhinitis was diagnosed 3,2 times more often than in the group of comparison. The prevalence of bronchial asthma, clinical signs of chronic lympho-proliferative diseases reliably exceeded the level observed in children of comparison group (29.4 %, р = 0.001). There were established the changes in immune reactivity versus the comparison group, manifested by increase in percentage of phagocyting cells, beta2-microglobulin protein, IgG, CD127, TNFR and specific IgG to aluminium by 1.1, 1.2, 1.0, 1.7, 2.5 and 1.2 times, respectively; suppression of protein

Bcl-2 expression by 2,6 times (p 0.05) was registered.

Conclusions. Among children aged 711 years, who live in the territory with localized aluminium-producing enterprise, the diseases of respiratory organs with allergic component, reliably associated with aluminium compound contamination, were diagnosed more often than in children of comparison group. Immunologic study detected imbalance between humoral and cellular components of immunity: hyperproduction of specific IgG to aluminium, excess expression of proteins and beta2-microglobulin receptors, IgG, CD127, TNFR and deficit of Bcl-2.
Conditions, determining timeliness of newborn vaccination at perinatal center
Authors: Kuznetsova O. A. , Golubkova A. A. , Bashmakova N. V.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To assess the volume of immunopreventive work at the perinatal center.

Materials and methods. In the cohort prospective controlled study, the coverage of newborn vaccination at maternity hospitals and the reasons of parents refusals from vaccination were evaluated

Results. The specific features of vaccination of the newborns born from women with gestational diabetes mellitus and fetoplacental insufficiency were determined; sociological questioning was carried out to assess parents attitude to vaccination,

Conclusions. The results of the study showed that the process of vaccination at perinatal center has its peculiar features. Each infant needs individual approach. The role of medical personnel in formation of loyalty to vaccination is undoubtful.
Satisfacción de usuarios en hospitales públicos: experiencia del plan «Cero Colas» en Ica, Perú
Authors: Becerra-Canales Bladimir , Condori-Becerra Angela
Published: December 2019

Con el objetivo de conocer el nivel de satisfacción de los usuarios de consultorios externos de cuatro hospitales públicos de la región Ica luego de la implementación del plan «Cero colas» se encuestó a 1067 usuarios, utilizando un instrumento que indagaba sobre las características generales, calificación del servicio y satisfacción global. Se encontró un nivel de satisfacción global «muy satisfecho/satisfecho» del 72,5% en el Hospital de Apoyo de Nazca, 70,6% en el Hospital Santa María del Socorro de Ica, 72,1% en el Hospital Regional de Ica y 73,7% en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Pisco. Se concluye que la implementación del plan «Cero Colas» mejoró el nivel de satisfacción global, el buen trato, el cumplimiento del horario de atención médica y la claridad e información brindados por encima del estándar esperado.
Características de la neoplasia quística mucinosa del páncreas en pacientes atendidos en un hospital nacional del Perú
Authors: Revoredo-Rego Fernando , Reaño-Paredes Gustavo , De Vinatea-de Cárdenas José , Arenas-Gamio José , Villanueva-Alegre Luis , Kometter-Barrios Fritz , Tang-Sing Jorge , Uribe-León Monica , Landeo Aliaga Italo
Published: December 2019

Con el objetivo de analizar las características clínico, patológicas y quirúrgicas de la Neoplasia Quística Mucinosa de páncreas (NQM), se realizó un análisis de los pacientes del servicio de Cirugía de Páncreas, Bazo y Retroperitoneo del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen en Lima, Perú desde enero del 2009 hasta octubre del 2018. La presencia del estroma ovárico se usó como criterio diagnóstico de NQM. De diez pacientes con edad promedio de 47,8 años, nueve fueron mujeres, las lesiones estuvieron localizadas en el páncreas distal, el tamaño tumoral promedio fue de 88,6 mm. En todos los pacientes se realizó una pancreatectomía distal siendo tres laparoscópicas, no hubo reoperaciones ni fallecidos, dos pacientes tuvieron carcinoma invasor asociado. En conclusión, la presentación de NQM es mayor en mujeres de edad media siendo la localización en el páncreas distal y el porcentaje de malignidad bajo. La cirugía laparoscópica es una alternativa de manejo.
La migración sur/sur como un determinante social de impacto en las desigualdades e inequidades en salud bucal en Latinoamérica
Authors: Murillo-Pedrozo Andrés M. , Agudelo-Suárez Andrés A.
Published: December 2019

Los países latinoamericanos vienen enfrentando un fenómeno social y demográfico importante conocido como migración sur/sur, que difiere del patrón clásico de migración sur/norte debido a que la capacidad de respuesta social y gubernamental es menor y por las condiciones sociales y de salud similares en ambas poblaciones (migrantes y autóctonos). La salud bucal no es ajena a esta situación y debe analizarse desde una propuesta integradora que involucra factores demográficos, sociales, económicos y aquellos propios del proceso migratorio. En el presente artículo se hace una revisión de la literatura existente en diferentes contextos geográficos, identificando los vacíos conceptuales y metodológicos, haciendo una propuesta de análisis de la migración como un determinante social con impacto en las desigualdades e inequidades en salud bucal. Esto es el punto de partida para presentar un marco conceptual explicativo desde las etapas y momentos que enfrentan los grupos de migrantes, identificando los factores que inciden en la salud bucal de esta población. En conclusión, la migración y su relación con la salud bucal en el contexto latinoamericano se encuentra en una etapa de construcción científica y esto implica la necesidad de generar propuestas de investigación basadas en la realidad social que viven los directamente involucrados y desde diferentes metodologías. De igual forma se requieren estrategias de acción en diferentes niveles y con diferentes actores desde enfoques interdisciplinarios, reconociendo la salud bucal como un derecho fundamental ligado a la salud general, para todos los ciudadanos, independiente de su procedencia.
Hacia una estructura compleja de la paz
Authors: Juajibioy-Otero Harold Armando
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo tiene como propósito representar la paz como sistema complejo a través de la modelación de una estructura compuesta por la innovación e interacción de cinco ideas-fuerza: el meta-objeto, el meta-concepto, el meta-proceso, el meta-fenómeno y la meta-experiencia. Para lograr dicha representación ampliada, fue necesario el diálogo entre el pensamiento complejo y sistémico con el fin de poder propiciar encuentros, vínculos, interacciones y emergencias novedosas entre los objetos de estudio, las nociones, los procesos, los sub-sistemas y las experiencias humanas que pueden estar integradas en la nueva representación del meta-fenómeno pacifico auto-organizado y auto-referenciado.
Survey of Consumers’ Responsiveness to Small-Scale Producers’ Marketing in the Northern Hungary Region
Authors: Kiss Konrád , Koncz Gábor , Nagy-Demeter Dóra , Varró Bálint , Németh Mercédesz , Ruszkai Csaba
Published: December 2019

The purpose of our study is to survey the marketing issues of small-scale food production and short supply chains (SSCs) from the consumers’ aspects, and to give insight into the effectiveness and potential of SSC marketing. The paper presents the result of a wide online consumer survey with the participation of more than 1000 consumers, mostly from the Northern Hungary region. According to our experiences, the most effective „marketing instrument” was the personal contact with producers, communication with relatives, and acquaintances. One-third part of our sample could be motivated by (this kind of) marketing and had more willingness to pay for small-producers’ goods.
Social Problems and Economic Performance: Social Innovations in the Hungarian Child Protection System
Authors: Havasi Virág
Published: December 2019

14.5% of the Hungarian population suffers from severe material deprivation. The link between social problems and economic performance is known as well as the rate of return of early childhood development projects, which ranges between 2.38-12.9. That is why the domestic adaptation of the English Sure Start Programme is of extreme importance. Due to the small capacity of the Hungarian educational system for disadvantage compensation, the functioning of study halls is also necessary. They ensure opportunities for valuable free-time activities for and development of disadvantaged children. The spread of both social innovations was supported by EU funds, but the introduction of a stable, local funding of the programmes has begun and both initiatives have become part of the Hungarian law on child protection.
Contributions to the Impact Assessment of Network Cooperation among Social Enterprises
Authors: Kocziszky György , Benedek József
Published: December 2019

The literature of industrial management has been focusing, although with different intensity, on the question of optimal company size since the 1960s. Whithin this framework the focus shifted since the 1980s form the examinations of, the effects of business outsourcing to increase efficiency to the organizational and economic connections of network cooperation, since the 1990s.Network cooperation analysis is especially relevant in the case of social enterprises, which are usually smaller than the sectoral average and are characterized with lower capitalization and higher risk than the average.This paper reviews the literature and methods, trying to find the answers to the following four questions: What justifies network cooperation? Which factors enhance and which factors discourage the start up of social entrepreneurial networks? What kind of network types can be developed? How can the effect of network cooperation be measured?
The Silver Generation as Potential Purchasing Power in Budapest: a Case Study
Authors: Sikos T. Tamás , Kovács Csaba József
Published: December 2019

The age structure of the society in the individual countries belonging to the Visegrád Group has changed significantly since 1989. In Hungary, changes in the age structure have had a great impact on the whole economy. The process of aging in society has been going on in Western Europe and will probably continue. Unlike in the Western European countries, in our region the significance of the purchasing power of the elderly has not yet been fully recognized. There is no best practice or strategy to attract the ever-growing age group; applying marketing to seniors is a novelty in the business sector. Shopping centres and e-business face great challenges in the near future, and the change incorporates the risk of failure or renewal. Although the processes apply to all shopping centres, due to the number and the purchasing power of the seniors, malls in Budapest are more affected. Their situation is not the same even in different areas of the capital, as the composition of the buyers in their gravity zone is different. It is up to their own features, and decision-making abilities whether they will be able to adjust to the new circumstances, who will “win” and who will “lose”.
Plazma Püskürtme Kaplama Yöntemiyle Üretilmiş HA ve TiO2 Kaplamaların Aşınma Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KARABAŞ Muhammet , KAYALI Yusuf
Published: December 2019

Hidroksiapatit (HA) biyoseramik kaplamalar medikal implant
uygulamalarında biyouyumluluğu ve korozyon direncini arttırmak amacıyla yaygın
olarak kullanılmaktadır. Fakat HA kaplamalar zayıf mekanik özellikleri
sebebiyle saldırgan ortamlarda kolayca hasar alabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada tek
katman HA, TiO2 ve çift katman HA/TiO2 kaplamalar plazma
püskürtme yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. Kaplamaların kuru ortamda ve SBF ortamında
aşınma davranışları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar neticesinde tek katman
HA kaplamanın en zayıf aşınma direncine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fakat TiO2
ile çift katman kaplama dizaynı sonucunda aşınma dayanımında iyileşmeler
meydana gelmiştir. Tek katman TiO2 kaplamada ise aşınma deneyleri
sonucunda en az malzeme kaybı meydana geldiği anlaşılmıştır.
How Improved to WC Based Hard Materials
Authors: YÖNETKEN Ahmet , EROL Ayhan
Published: December 2019

Tungsten carbide is known to have
excellent corrosion resistance and high hardness within carbide ceramics. Due
to their superior mechanical properties and wear resistance, tungsten carbide
cutting tools containing Co binder have been the subject of many studies. There
are a limited number of works regarding the use of Ni and Fe as a binder in
tungsten carbide based composites, especially processing with microwave
radiation. In this study, a composite cutting tool made of electroless nickel
coated tungsten carbide ceramic powder was produced by microwave sintering. Two
different tungsten carbide powder sizes of 2 µm and 10 µm were used for the
production of composite cutting tool. The microwave sintering was carried out
at two different temperatures of 1200 and 1400 ° C for 2 hours.
Characterization of composite cutting tools was made by XRD, hardness,
compression test and electron microscopy techniques.
Saldırı Tespit Sistemlerinde Makine Öğrenmesi Modellerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: SAHİNGOZ Ozgur Koray , ÇEBİ Cem Berke , BULUT Fatma Sena , FIRAT Hazal , KARATAŞ Gözde
Published: December 2019

Son yıllardaki gelişen teknolojiler neticesinde her türlü
hesaplama cihazının İnternete bağlanması sağlanmıştır. Bu sayede birçok gerçek dünya problemi yeni ağ düzenine
aktarılsa da bu tam-kontrol sağlanamayan sanal platform çok sayıda güvenlik
açığı içermektedir. Günümüzde ağ yöneticilerin ana görevlerinden biride bu açıkları
kapatmak ve sorumlu oldukları bilgisayar ağını saldırılardan korumaktır. Güvenlik
duvarlarının kullanımı dışarıdan yapılan saldırıları ciddi boyutta engellese de
içeriden yapılabilecek veya daha önceden karşılaşılmayan tipten saldırılara
karşı zafiyetler içermektedir. Saldırı Tespit Sistemleri (STS) bu zafiyetleri
ortadan kaldırmak için öncelikle tercih edilebilecek uygulamalardır. Son
geliştirilen STSleri incelendiğinde dinamik bir güvenlik mekanizması
geliştirmek adına özellikle Makine Öğrenmesi tabanlı sistemlere ağırlık
verildiği görülmektedir. Bilgisayar donanımları ve paralel hesaplama
teknolojilerinde ortaya çıkan gelişmeler ve Büyük Veri işleme teknolojilerinin,
Makine Öğrenmesi tabanlı sistemlerle uyumlu kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu
çalışmada yedi farklı makine öğrenimi algoritmaları kullanarak STSlerin
geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar başarım, eğitim süreleri ve
çalıştırma süreleri açısından karşılaştırılarak farklı kriterlere göre uygun
algoritmanın ortaya konmuştur. Bu karşılaştırma için genel kabul gören NSL-KDD
veri setinden faydalanılmıştır. Başarım sonuçlarına bakınca Adaboost
algoritmasının en yüksek doğruluk oranına ulaştığı görülmektedir. Ancak gerek
eğitim süresi gerekse çalışma zamanı performansı göz önüne alınınca Karar Ağacı
algoritmasının daha yüksek performans gösterdiği, doğruluk oranı değeri itibarı
ile de Adaboost’a yakın değere sahip olduğu görülmektedir.
Eş Zamanlı Uygulanan İnsektisit ve Tuz Streslerinin Biber Bitkisinde (Capsicum annuum L.) Bazı Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Parametreler Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: KAYA Armağan
Published: December 2019

İnsektisiler
tarımsal üretimde böceklerle mücadelede kullanılan pestisitlerdir. Metaflumizone
özellikle sebze yetiştiriciliğinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir insektisittir.
Bu çalışma metaflumizone uygulamasının biber bitkisinde meydana getirdiği
değişimleri belirlemeyi ve bu değişimler üzerine tuz stresinin etkilerini incelemeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla biberde 50 mM NaCl ve farklı dozlarda metaflumizone
(1.2, 2.4 ve 4.8 mM) streslerinin ayrı ayrı ve eş zamanlı uygulamalarının
etkileri incelenmiştir. 1.2 mM metaflumizone uygulaması bitkilerde önemli bir
değişime sebep olmamıştır. Bununla birlikte yüksek dozda metaflumizone
uygulaması % RWC, toplam klorofil ve karotenoid içeriklerinde azalmaya, APX,
GST, GR aktiviteleri ile GSH, MDA ve prolin içeriklerinde bir artışa sebep
olmuştur. Bitkilere metaflumizone ile eş zamanlı olarak NaCl uygulanması
insektisitin meydana getirdiği değişimleri indüklemiştir. Bu çalışma insektisit
ve tuz streslerinin sinerjistik etki gösterdiğini ve bu nedenle insektisit ile
eş zamanlı uygulanan tuz stresinin insektisit etkisi ile oluşan hasarı arttırdığını
ortaya çıkarmıştır.