bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in claw morphology among the digits of Bent-toed geckos (Cyrtodactylus: Gekkota: Gekkonidae)
Authors: Riedel Jendrian , Klemm Melinda , Higham Timothy , Grismer L. Lee , Ziegler Thomas , Russell Anthony , Rödder Dennis , Reinhold Klaus
Published: September 2023

Background

Ecomorphological studies of lizards have increasingly employed comparison of claw morphology among species in relation to spatial niche use. Typically, such studies focus on digit IV of the autopodia, especially the pes. Uniformity of claw morphology among digits is more often implicitly assumed than tested.

Results

Using four species of Cyrtodactylus, comprising two generalist and two scansorial taxa that use different substrates, we examined whether claw morphology is uniform among digits and among species. We found that, within each species, ventral claw curvature is uniform across all digits whereas there are small but insignificant differences in ventral claw length and claw depth. The claws of the pes of each species are longer and deeper than those of the corresponding digits of the manus. The claw of digit I of each species is significantly shorter and shallower on both autopodia compared to those on digits IV and V (digit I, including its claw, is idiosyncratically variable among lizards in general).

Conclusions

We conclude that digit IV is an adequate representative of claw form in each species and exhibits variation among species, thereby serving as an exemplar for use in studies of potential discrimination between ecomorphological types in studies of Cyrtodactylus.
Nutrition interventions to address nutritional problems in HIV-positive patients: translating knowledge into practice
Authors: Rezazadeh Leila , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Tutunchi Helda , Naemi Kermanshahi Mohammad , Pourmoradian Samira
Published: September 2023

Background

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and malnutrition negatively reinforce each other. Malnutrition leads to further immune deficiency and accelerates disease progression. The present overview aimed to investigate the current knowledge from review articles on the role of nutrition interventions as well as food and nutrition policies on HIV-related outcomes in adults to present future strategies for strengthening food and nutrition response to HIV.

Methods

We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Ovid databases using the relevant keywords. The search was limited to studies published in English until April 2022. All types of reviews studies (systematic review, narrative review, and other types of review studies) which evaluated the impact of nutritional program/interventions on HIV progression were included.

Results

Although nutrition programs in HIV care have resulted in improvements in nutritional symptoms and increase the quality life of HIV patients, these programs should evaluate the nutritional health of HIV-infected patients in a way that can be sustainable in the long term. In additions, demographic, clinical, and nutritional, social characteristics influence nutritional outcomes, which provide potential opportunities for future research.

Conclusion

Nutrition assessment, education and counseling, and food supplements where necessary should be an integral part of HIV treatment programs.
Systemic screening of Fusarium oxysporum candidate effectors reveals FoSSP17 that suppresses plant immunity and contributes to virulence
Authors: Wang Tian , Xu Yun , Zhao Yang , Liang Xiaofei , Liu Shuang , Zhang Yufang , Kang Zhensheng , Chen Daipeng , Zheng Li
Published: September 2023

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) causes Fusarium wilt of banana (Musa spp.), a notorious soil-borne vascular fungal disease threatening the global banana industry. Phytopathogens secrete effectors to suppress plant immunity. However, little is known about the effectors of Foc race 4 (Foc4). In this study, we built a streamlined screening system (candidate effector prediction, RNA-seq-based expression level analysis, and cell death manipulative activity assessment based on transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana) to identify candidate virulence-related effectors. In total, 80 candidate effector genes (CEGs) differentially expressed during plant colonization were predicted; 12 out of 15 characterized CEGs, including FoSSP17, could suppress BAX-triggered programmed cell death (PCD) in N. benthamiana and were induced during the infection of plants. FoSSP17 encodes a novel protein conserved in the Fusarium genus. FoSSP17 gene deletion mutants were not affected in vegetative growth and conidiation but showed reduced virulence. Furthermore, the deletion mutants triggered higher expression levels of host defense-related genes including PR1, PR3, PR5, and PR10. Signal peptide activity assay and subcellular localization assay suggested that FoSSP17 is a conventional secretory protein that exerts cell-death-suppressive activity inside plant cells. In addition, FoSSP17 suppressed pattern-triggered immunity in plants by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, reducing callose deposition, and suppressing the expression of NbLOX and NbERF1 genes related to jasmonic acid (JA)-pathway and ethylene (ET)-pathway, respectively. Overall, a systemic screening of Foc4 candidate effectors reveals that FoSSP17 contributes to the virulence of Foc4 and suppresses pattern-triggered immunity in plants.
Geophysical exploration strategy for Cu-Ni-Co deposits in China: A review
Authors: Guoqiang Xue , Nannan Zhou , Benxun Su , Aikui Zhang , Yanchen Yang , Jiangping Mo , Xin Wu
Published: September 2023

Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co) deposits are important mineral resources, and China is the largest consumer of these resources. Magmatic, hydrothermal, sedimentary, and meta-sedimentary ore-bearing rocks are the most significant Co-Ni deposit types in China, accounting for 98% of the Co production. Thus, exploring the Chinese Co-Ni resources and reserves is beneficial for promoting its economic development. We have analyzed the metallogenetic geologic model and the physical characteristics of the rocks and ores of magmatic Co-Ni sulfide and hydrothermal Cu-Co deposits and the sedimentary and meta-sedimentary rocks that host the Cu-Co ore deposits to develop an effective geophysical exploration technology system. For magmatic deposits, the small ore-forming intrusion is the main detection target; in general, gravity, magnetic, and seismic exploration and artificial-source electromagnetic methods are widely used to determine the precise location of the ore-forming intrusion. For hydrothermal deposits, ore-controlling structures and favorable positions for mineralization (e.g., alteration belts) are the main exploration targets, and the combination of hyperspectral remote sensing, gravity, magnetic-excitation, chemical prospecting, and artificial-source electromagnetic detection techniques can help locating such ore body types. For sedimentary and meta-sedimentary ore-bearing deposits, a combination of soil debris geochemical exploration measurement, induced polarization (IP) scanning, gravity method, IP sounding, and the transient electromagnetic method has been used to scan and locate the ore-controlling and ore-bearing layers. Finally, upon selecting the Xiarihamu magmatic Co-Ni deposit in the East Kunlun orogenic belt as our study area, we have conducted controlled-source electromagnetic exploration and obtained reliable results. Our study can serve as a reference for determining the most effective geophysical technique for the exploration of Cu-Ni-Co deposits in China.
Premature termination, satisfaction with care, and shared decision-making during home treatment compared to inpatient treatment: A quasi-experimental trial
Authors: Weinmann Stefan , Nikolaidis Konstantinos , Längle Gerhard , von Peter Sebastian , Brieger Peter , Timm Jürgen , Fischer Lasse , Raschmann Svenja , Holzke Martin , Schwarz Julian , Klocke Luisa , Rout Sandeep , Hirschmeier Constanze , Herwig Uwe , Richter Janina , Kilian Reinhold , Baumgardt Johanna , Hamann Johannes , Bechdolf Andreas
Published: September 2023

Background

Inpatient equivalent home treatment (IEHT), implemented in Germany since 2018, is a specific form of home treatment. Between 2021 and 2022, IEHT was compared to inpatient psychiatric treatment in a 12-months follow-up quasi-experimental study with two propensity score matched cohorts in 10 psychiatric centers in Germany. This article reports results on the treatment during the acute episode and focuses on involvement in decision-making, patient satisfaction, and drop-out rates.

Methods

A total of 200 service users receiving IEHT were compared with 200 matched statistical “twins” in standard inpatient treatment. Premature termination of treatment as well as reasons for this was assessed using routine data and a questionnaire. In addition, we measured patient satisfaction with care with a specific scale. For the evaluation of patient involvement in treatment decisions, we used the 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9).

Results

Patients were comparable in both groups with regard to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Mean length-of-stay was 37 days for IEHT and 28 days for inpatient treatment. In both groups, a similar proportion of participants stopped treatment prematurely. At the end of the acute episode, patient involvement in decision-making (SDM-Q-9) as well as treatment satisfaction scores were significantly higher for IEHT patients compared to inpatients.

Conclusions

Compared to inpatient care, IEHT treatment for acute psychiatric episodes was associated with higher treatment satisfaction and more involvement in clinical decisions.
Pediatric Features of Genetic Predisposition to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Zhu Jia , Eliasen Anders U , Aris Izzuddin M , Stinson Sara E , Holm Jens-Christian , Hansen Torben , Hivert Marie-France , Bønnelykke Klaus , Salem Rany M , Hirschhorn Joel N , Chan Yee-Ming
Published: September 2023

Context

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has historically been conceptualized as a disorder of the reproductive system in women. However, offspring of women with PCOS begin to show metabolic features of PCOS in childhood, suggestive of childhood manifestations.

Objective

To identify childhood manifestations of genetic risk for PCOS.

Methods

We calculated a PCOS polygenic risk score (PRS) for 12 350 girls and boys in 4 pediatric cohorts—ALSPAC (UK), COPSAC (Denmark), Project Viva (USA), and The HOLBÆK Study (Denmark). We tested for association of the PRS with PCOS-related phenotypes throughout childhood and with age at pubarche and age at peak height velocity and meta-analyzed effects across cohorts using fixed-effect models.

Results

Higher PRS for PCOS was associated with higher body mass index in midchildhood (0.05 kg/m2 increase per 1 SD of PRS, 95% CI 0.03, 0.07, P = 3 × 10−5) and higher risk of obesity in early childhood (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.13, 1.59, P = .0009); both persisted through late adolescence (P all ≤.03). Higher PCOS PRS was associated with earlier age at pubarche (0.85-month decrease per 1 SD of PRS, 95% CI −1.44, −0.26, P = .005) and younger age at peak height velocity (0.64-month decrease per 1 SD of PRS, 95% CI −0.94, −0.33, P = 4 × 10−5).

Conclusion

Genetic risk factors for PCOS are associated with alterations in metabolic, growth, and developmental traits in childhood. Thus, PCOS may not simply be a condition that affects women of reproductive age but, rather, a possible manifestation of an underlying condition that affects both sexes starting in early life.
Approach to the Patient: Hormonal Therapy in Transgender Adults With Complex Medical Histories
Authors: Iwamoto Sean J , Rothman Micol S , T’Sjoen Guy , Defreyne Justine
Published: September 2023

While endocrinologists continue to initiate gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) in healthy transgender and gender diverse (TGD) patients, they may also encounter more TGD patients in their clinics with complex medical histories that influence the patient-provider shared decision-making process for initiating or continuing GAHT. The purpose of this Approach to the Patient article is to describe management considerations in 2 adults with thromboembolic disease and 2 adults with low bone mineral density in the setting of feminizing and masculinizing GAHT.
State-Level Abortion Policy Hostility and Unplanned Births in the Pre-Dobbs Era
Authors: Eddelbuettel Julia C. P. , Sassler Sharon
Published: September 2023

An increasingly hostile policy climate has reshaped abortion access in the United States. Recent literature has studied the effects of restrictive abortion policies on reproductive health outcomes. This study is the first to investigate the association between state-level abortion policy hostility and the pregnancy intentions of women with a pregnancy resulting in live birth. Data are from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey, merged with a state-level legislative database from 2012–2018 and other state-level controls. Cross-sectional results reveal that a one-unit increase in abortion policy hostility is associated with a relative risk (odds) of having a live birth resulting from an unintended versus intended pregnancy that is 1.02 times as high (RRR = 1.02, 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.03). This result corresponds to a 13% increase in the predicted probability of having a live birth resulting from an unintended pregnancy between a zero-hostility and a maximum-hostility state. Models stratified by demographic and socioeconomic characteristics reveal that the association between abortion policy hostility and live birth resulting from an unintended pregnancy is particularly robust among women in younger, less educated, Medicaid, uninsured, and rural populations.
The Natural History of Hemorrhage in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations—Poisson Regression Analysis of 1066 Patients in a Single Institution
Authors: Yang Wuyang , Feghali James , Sattari Shahab Aldin , Hung Alice L. , Chen Yuxi , Huang Judy
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Natural history of hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) is reported at 2%–4% per year. Published studies using survival analysis fail to account for recurrent hemorrhagic events. In this study, we present a large, single institution series to elucidate the natural history of bAVM using multivariable Poisson regression.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective cohort study. All patients with bAVM seen at our institution from 1990 to 2021 were included. Hemorrhages after detection of bAVM during the untreated interval were recorded. Natural history of hemorrhage was calculated by dividing number of hemorrhages by untreated interval. The frequency of hemorrhages followed a Poisson distribution. Multivariable Poisson regression with an offset variable of untreated interval in patient-years was constructed. Model selection was through a stepwise Akaike information criterion method. Stratified hemorrhagic rate was presented using different combinations of significant factors.

RESULTS:

A total of 1066 patients with nonhereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia harboring a single bAVM were included. Ninety (8.44%) patients had 101 hemorrhages during an untreated interval of 3596.3344 patient-years, translating to an overall hemorrhagic rate of 2.81% per year. Significant factors increasing hemorrhage risk included ruptured presentation (P < .001), increasing age (P < .001), female sex (P = .043), and deep location (P = .040). Adult male patients with ruptured presentation and deep bAVMs sustained the highest annual risk at 10.81%, whereas no hemorrhages occurred in unruptured pediatric male patients or ruptured pediatric (younger than 18 years) male patients with superficial bAVMs.

CONCLUSION:

Hemorrhage after bAVM detection occurs in 8.41% of all patients, and the rate averages 2.81% per year. However, this risk varies from 0.00% to 10.81% per year depending on various risk factor combinations. Efforts should be made to stratify bAVM hemorrhage rate by risk factors for more precise estimation of bleeding risk if left untreated.
Taste papilla cell differentiation requires the regulation of secretory protein production by ALK3-BMP signaling in the tongue mesenchyme
Authors: Ishan Mohamed , Wang Zhonghou , Zhao Peng , Yao Yao , Stice Steven L. , Wells Lance , Mishina Yuji , Liu Hong-Xiang
Published: September 2023

Taste papillae are specialized organs, each of which comprises an epithelial wall hosting taste buds and a core of mesenchymal tissue. In the present study, we report that during early taste papilla development in mouse embryos, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling mediated by type 1 receptor ALK3 in the tongue mesenchyme is required for epithelial Wnt/β-catenin activity and taste papilla differentiation. Mesenchyme-specific knockout (cKO) of Alk3 using Wnt1-Cre and Sox10-Cre resulted in an absence of taste papillae at E12.0. Biochemical and cell differentiation analyses demonstrated that mesenchymal ALK3-BMP signaling governed the production of previously unappreciated secretory proteins, i.e. it suppressed those that inhibit and facilitated those that promote taste papilla differentiation. Bulk RNA-sequencing analysis revealed many more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tongue epithelium than in the mesenchyme in Alk3 cKO versus control. Moreover, we detected downregulated epithelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling and found that taste papilla development in the Alk3 cKO was rescued by the GSK3β inhibitor LiCl, but not by Wnt3a. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the requirement of tongue mesenchyme in taste papilla cell differentiation.
The metabolic associated fatty liver disease responses of lifestyle changes using diet and exercise
Authors: Altaf Benash , Mohamed Mahaneem , Jawed Shireen , Wan Ghazali Wan Syaheedah
Published: September 2023

Objective: This review is aimed to study MAFLD responses of lifestyle modifications using Diet and Exercise.

Methods: The sources for this MAFLD review following PRISMA protocol were PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Science Direct. Quality of evidence was assessed by consistent results with previous studies. Assessment of quality was done by Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Quality of evidence was assessed by GRADE approach tool.

Results: This review included 12 studies, from which five were qualitative and seven quantitative. The later showed poor dietary habits and sedentary lifestyle exhibiting MAFLD which eventually affect their quality of life. Further studies suggested that by introducing healthy lifestyle in MAFLD group using diet and exercise caused reduction in BMI, obesity levels, improved glycemic control and reversal of liver fat content with improved liver enzymes.

Conclusion: Subjects with MAFLD experienced poor quality of life. Altering lifestyle by diet and exercise can improve their physical wellbeing.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7990

How to cite this: Altaf B, Mohamed M, Jawed S, Ghazali WSW. The metabolic associated fatty liver disease responses of lifestyle changes using diet and exercise. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7990

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Development and validation of Digi-MEE Instrument measuring online learning environments in medical education
Authors: Naeem Noor-i-Kiran , Hadie Siti Nurma Hanim , Ismail Irwan Mahazir , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri
Published: September 2023

Objectives: To develop and validate Digital Medical Education Environment (Digi-MEE) Instrument for measuring online learning environment in medical education.

Methods: This series of studies involved 696 participants from May 2022 to December 2022. Following scoping review, invited modified e-Delphi experts developed consensus on the components and related items for measuring online learning environments. A panel of content experts and a group of medical students carried out content and response-process validation to determine Content Validity Index (CVI) and Face Validity Index (FVI) respectively. This was followed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis to determine Digi-MEE’s factorial structure and internal consistency using SPSS version 26.0 and AMOS 26.0.

Results: Delphi experts agreed upon nine components with 73 items of initial Digi-MEE version. CVI of Digi-MEE 2.0 was more than 0.90. with FVI of Digi-MEE 3.0 of 0.87. Exploratory factor analysis yielded 46 items with 57.18% variance. Confirmatory factor analysis led to the final Digi-MEE version containing 28 items within nine components with acceptable levels of goodness of fit indices. Overall Cronbach alpha of the final Digi-MEE was more than 0.90, and for the nine components ranged between 0.62 and 0.76.

Conclusion: Digi-MEE is a promising valid and reliable instrument to evaluate online education environment in medical education. Content, response-process, factorial structure, and internal consistency evidence support the validity of Digi-MEE. Medical schools can use Digi-MEE as an evaluation tool for the continuous quality improvement of online learning environments.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.8430

How to cite this: Naeem NK, Hadie SNH, Ismail IM, Yusoff MSB. Development and validation of Digi-MEE Instrument measuring online learning environments in medical education. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.8430

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Lumefantrine pressure selects nonsynonymous mutation in cysteine desulfurase IscS gene in the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei ANKA
Authors: Gachie Beatrice , Chepngetich Jean , Muriithi Brenda , Thiong’o Kelvin , Gathirwa Jeremiah , Kimani Francis , Mwitari Peter , Magoma Gabriel , Kiboi Daniel
Published: September 2023

Background: Lumefantrine (LM), piperaquine (PQ), and amodiaquine (AQ) are the essential long-acting partner drugs in the artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) treatment regimens globally. The recent report on the emergence of artemisinin-resistant parasites portends an imminent failure of the partner drug in clearing the high residual parasite densities. Understanding the resistance mechanisms to partner drugs remains critical for tracking resistant parasites. Cysteine desulfurase IscS (nfs1), one of the proteins involved in the iron-sulfur (FeS) biogenesis pathway, has been implicated in mediating malaria parasite drug resistance.  

Methods: Using the rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium berghei ANKA in mice, we assessed whether the nfs1 gene is associated with LM, PQ, and AQ resistance. We first verified the stability of the LM, PQ, and AQ-resistant parasites in the standard 4-Day Suppressive Test. By means of PCR and sequencing analysis, we probed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the nfs1 gene. Using qPCR, we then measured the expression of the nfs1 gene in resistant parasites relative to the drug-sensitive parent parasites. 

Results: Our analyses of nfs1 reveal a non-synonymous Gln142Arg mutation in the LM and PQ-resistant parasites. This mutation was not detected in the AQ-resistant parasites. The mRNA quantification of the nfs1 gene reveals differential expression in both LM and PQ-resistant parasites. Conversely, nfs1 expression remained unchanged in the AQ-resistant parasites.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that LM and PQ selection pressure induces nonsynonymous mutation and differential expression of the nfs1 gene in Plasmodium berghei. Collectively, these findings provide a premise for investigating LM and PQ resistance mechanisms in both P. berghei and P. falciparum.
History of Russia IX - the beginning of the XXI century
Authors: Voeykov Evgeniy
Published: September 2023

The textbook presents the history of Russia from the moment of the formation of the Old Russian state to the beginning of the XXI century. The educational material has a clear structure and is divided into separate semantic blocks, which is designed to simplify students' understanding and memorization. Special attention is paid to the economic development of Russia in various epochs and the history of the Great Patriotic War as a defining event of the last century. The publication presents various points of view of historians on a number of controversial problems of historical science.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of higher educational institutions studying the disciplines "History" and "History of Russia". It can be used for preparation for exams, seminars, for writing written papers and for independent work of students.
Research of econometric models: collection of laboratory works
Authors: Nevezhin Yuriy
Published: September 2023

The textbook is a collection of laboratory works on the sections "Study of linear econometric models", "Study of nonlinear econometric models", "Time series". Each work includes theoretical and practical parts (tasks with a possible solution). There are also tasks for independent work on each topic being studied.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the field of Economics, for the purpose of practical study of the sections of the discipline "Econometrics" (bachelors) or "Econometric research" (undergraduates), graduate students of economic specialties and university teachers. It will also be useful for those who independently study issues related to econometrics or research in this field.
Criminology: General and Special parts
Authors: Gorshkova Natal'ya , Zezyulina Tat'yana , Pichugin Sergey , Tarakanov Il'ya , Mihaylov Aleksey , Pikin Ivan , Gorshenkov Gennadiy
Published: September 2023

In the textbook, within the framework of the General part of Criminology, the main modern scientific views on crime, the identity of the criminal, the determinants of crime in Russia, the crime prevention system are revealed.
Within the framework of a Special part of criminology, the fundamental knowledge about crime, its causality and counteraction measures are differentiated and specified in priority areas corresponding to a particular type of crime. The organizational foundations of the prevention of certain types of crime are outlined, the features, forms, methods and means of preventive action are revealed.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students, postgraduates, teachers of law schools, practitioners of law enforcement agencies, as well as anyone interested in crime prevention issues.
Success, work and aging: fundamental, applied and popular science aspects of professional longevity
Authors: Durakova Irina , Rahmanova Tat'yana , Matasova Larisa , Mayer Ekaterina , Grigorov Ivan
Published: September 2023

The monograph contains the results of research concerning, firstly, the problem of the "braking syndrome" in the labor market caused by a decrease in the volume of excess labor, which for a long time has been one of the main drivers of economic growth. Secondly, the evolution of the idea of the "silver tsunami", realities and myths about the ability to work and the success of age-related workers. Thirdly, professional and socio-cultural factors affecting their work success. Fourth, medical and biological approaches to preserving the success potential of older age groups, their active longevity and healthy aging. Fifth, the functional state of the body during aging, risks in realizing the potential of success, preventive programs and measures for effective introduction to a healthy lifestyle in the workplace and prolonging working longevity, channels for obtaining information about their own health indicators..
For students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities and faculties, as well as a wide range of readers interested in personnel management issues.
Analysis of police practices in the field of combating crime
Authors: Lipich Tamara , Lykov Eduard
Published: September 2023

The monograph is an original work devoted to the philosophical and legal analysis of police practices within the boundaries of European culture, as well as the analysis of police practices in the field of youth crime. This topic is especially relevant in connection with the ongoing discussions in society on such problems as the problems of power and force, the use of violence.
The authors identify the cultural and historical identification of the phenomenon of the police, give a philosophical and anthropological analysis of the specifics of police practices in European culture against the background of law enforcement by the police. The phenomenon of sovereignty and the correlation of police and political is analyzed, which is especially important in modern conditions. The analysis of police practices in the field of youth crime is carried out, where the causes and features of youth crime and juvenile delinquency are identified. Of particular interest is the analysis of prevention and ways of countering juvenile delinquency and youth crime.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of law schools and faculties, as well as a wide range of readers interested in combating crime.
Pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional competence of a teacher in the educational process of a university
Authors: Savel'eva Svetlana
Published: September 2023

The monograph reveals the essential and substantive foundations of the modern phenomenon of "professional competence of a teacher", systematizes the basic competence categories representing the conceptual apparatus of the study. The main methodological approaches to the concept under study are analyzed, a set of pedagogical conditions that contribute to the effective formation of this personal education among students in the process of studying at a university is put forward and justified.
It is addressed to teachers of pedagogical universities, school teachers, education workers, graduate students, students. It can be used in preparation for various kinds of classes, as well as for the purpose of self-education.
The event is… Events as a fundamental basis for the analysis of complex systems
Authors: Bocharnikov Viktor , Sveshnikov Sergey
Published: September 2023

The monograph analyzes the concept of an event used in various branches of knowledge. The conclusion about the fundamental nature of this concept for the representation of the manifestation of being is substantiated. The main components that make up the event are determined. The main properties of events and their interactions in the event field are clarified.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of technical universities and faculties.
Russia in the Global Financial Architecture
Authors: Alekseev Petr , Antropov Vladislav , Barabanov Valeriy , Bich Mihail , Arshakuni Andrey , Krylova Lyubov' , Kuznecov Aleksey , Morozov Sergey , Navoy Anton , Kasatkina Ekaterina , Shatalova Evgeniya
Published: September 2023

The monograph summarizes the conceptual foundations of the formation of a new global financial architecture. The institutional and functional contradictions of the modern world financial architecture and its regional features are systematized. Recommendations have been developed to strengthen Russia's position in the conditions of increasing confrontation between the leading centers of the world economy and proposals for the implementation of promising areas of Russia's participation in the emerging new global financial architecture.
It is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the study of international economic relations, as well as a wide range of readers interested in modern problems of the development of the world economy and world finance in the context of the transformation of the global socio-economic paradigm.
Physical activity of pregnant women - benefits for pregnancy
Authors: Kępka Przemysław , Ben Rhaiem Rami , Kuziemkowska Daria , Kuźma Jan , Łącka-Majcher Anna , Łokczewska-Bojar Aleksandra , Tarsa Grzegorz , Skotalczyk Magdalena , Sawińska Zuzanna , Sudelska Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Physical activity in pregnant women, as in the rest of the population, helps to maintain good health and prevent diseases. It has a positive effect on the body of the future mother, but is also a source of measurable benefits for the developing fetus. There are many methods of active spending time for pregnant women that are not only safe but also recommended to ensure the proper course of pregnancy. 

Aim of the study: The aim of our study is to present current recommendations regarding activity among pregnant women and the benefits for the mother and fetus resulting from regular and moderate physical activity. 

Material and methods: We reviewed scientific publications using the Google Scholar database, using keywords such as “physical activity during pregnancy” or “physical activity among pregnant women”. 

Conclusions: Physical activity in pregnant women is not only safe but also recommended. According to the recommendations, pregnant women should exercise regularly in a way that is not too strenuous and does not pose a risk of injury. Regular, moderate activity during pregnancy brings a number of benefits for the pregnant woman and the fetus.
Proceedings of the Leaders in Wound Healing conference
Authors: Serena Thomas E , Simman Richard , Wahab Naz , Cole Windy
Published: September 2023

SerenaGroup Research Foundation, New Orleans, 17–19 April 2023
Clinical evaluation of ventilation mode on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure
Authors: Wang Jun-Jun , Zhou Zhong , Zhang Li-Ying
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Lyophilized recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for chronic heart failure: Effects on cardiac function and inflammation
Authors: Li Feng , Li Hao , Luo Rong , Pei Jia-Bao , Yu Xue-Ying
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Multinucleated giant cells of bladder mucosa are modified telocytes: Diagnostic and immunohistochemistry algorithm and relation to PD-L1 expression score
Authors: Gulinac Milena , Velikova Tsvetelina , Dikov Dorian
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Early diagnosis of renal pelvis villous adenoma: A case report
Authors: Li Liang-Liang , Song Pei-Xing , Xing De-Fu , Liu Kun
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy combined with branch retinal vein obstruction: A case report
Authors: Gong Hong-Xia , Xie Shi-Yong
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Large colonic lipoma with a laterally spreading tumor treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection: A case report
Authors: Bae Jun Yong , Kim Hun Kyu , Kim Yee Jin , Kim Se Woong , Lee Youngeun , Ryu Chang Beom , Lee Moon Sung
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
T/myeloid mixed-phenotype acute leukemia treated with venetoclax and decitabine: A case report
Authors: Park Sungwoo , Jeong Eun Jeong , Kang Jung Hun , Lee Gyeong-Won , Go Se-Il , Lee Dong-Hyun , Koh Eun-Ha
Published: September 2023

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam, and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and adolescents. During the fasting month, Muslims usually have two meals a day, suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). However, diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting, so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting practices. Prolonged strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, but with proper knowledge, careful planning, and medication adjustment, diabetic Muslim patients can fast during Ramadan. For this review, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2023. Articles other than the English language were excluded. Current strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition, regular monitoring of blood glucose, medications, and insulin therapy. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’ needs, and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed regularly. If certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration, or acute illness occur, or blood glucose levels become too high (> 300 mg/dL) or too low (> 70 mg/dL), the fast should be broken. New insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide, a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors, have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan. Non-insulin-dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin, are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.