bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing of the effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy and group cognitive behavioral therapy on emotion regulation, psychological capital and coping strategies of students
Authors: Vaezi Samaneh , Akbarnataj Bisheh Kolsoum , Fakhri Mohammad Kazem
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: The needs of today's life, human beings with numerous challenges, stress and pressures that require effective coping with them to have socio-psychosocial abilities. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based group therapy and cognitive behavioral group therapy on emotional regulation, psychological capitals and and coping strategies of students. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre, post and follow-up design with control group. To this end, 75 students whom had criteria for entering the research were selected through convenience sampling and using simple random selection to input them into three groups (two experimental proups and one control group- each group 25 members). The workshops were held once a week for 12 sessions of 90 mins. In this research emotion regulation breaf form (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006), psychological capitals (Luthans & Avolio, 2007) and coping strategies (Folkman & Lazarus, 1988) questionnaires administered among selected samples. Results: The findings confirmed that two interventions were not significantly different on emotion regulation (P=0.440) but acceptance and commitment-based group therapy was significantly more effective than cognitive behavioral group therapy on psychological capitals (P=0.024) and coping strategies (P<0.0001); and this significant difference effectiveness was stable in follow-up stage only on coping strategies (P=0.044), but for emotion regulation (P=0.840) and psychological capitals (P=0.680) no significant difference had found. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral group therapy are two useful methods of therapy to help the students.
Developing a model of attitude towards extramarital relationships based on attachment styles, emphasizing the role of the effects of confrontational styles
Authors: Hendiani Narges , Aghayousefi Alireza , Khalatbari Javad
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: In the last half of the last century, marriage has been influenced by many factors due to cultural changes, which have changed the committed relationships of people. Among these factors, we can mention extramarital relationships or infidelity. The purpose of this research was to develop a model of attitude towards extramarital relationships based on attachment styles, emphasizing the role of confrontational styles. Methods: The current research is of the correlation type and the statistical population includes all people with extramarital relationships or the attitude of ordinary people towards welfare, relief committee and counseling centers of Qom province in the year 2021. 320 people were selected as the sample of the study by sampling method. The sample of the research paper included attitudes towards extramarital relationships (Whatley, 2008), adult attachment styles (Collins & Read, 1990) and confrontational styles (Lazarus & Folkman, 1988). Results: The results of the path analysis test showed that the research model has a good fit. Examining the mediation results showed that coping styles have a significant mediating role in the relationship between safe style, easy style and ambivalent style with attitude towards extramarital relationships (p<0.05). The findings showed that escape strategy has a significant mediating role in the relationship between safe style and avoidant style with attitude towards extramarital relationships (p<0.05). The findings showed that the re-evaluation strategy has a significant mediating role in the relationship between secure style and ambivalent style, as well as ambivalent with attitude towards extramarital relationships (p<0.05). Conclusion: Coping styles play a mediating role in relation to attachment styles and attitudes towards extramarital relationships.
The Effectiveness of Health Promoting Lifestyle Education on Distress Tolerance and Life Expectancy in Adolescences with Cancer
Authors: Khosravi Maryam , Golkarian Bita , Soleymani Moghadam Marzieh
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Cancer in adolescence can have a long-term impact on the physical, mental and social life of people in adulthood. As a result, the present research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of health promoting lifestyle education on distress tolerance and life expectancy in adolescences with cancer. Methods: The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design along with the control group. The research population was adolescences with cancer that referred to the Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Babol city in the winter season of 2022 year. The research sample was 30 people who were selected by the purposive sampling method, after checking the inclusion criteria and were replaced with the lottery in two equal groups, randomly. The experimental group was educated 8 sessions of 90 minute with the health promoting lifestyle method and during this period the control group was not trained. The research tools were included the demographic information form, Simmons and Gaher distress tolerance scale (2005) and Snyder et al life expectancy scale (1991). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-19 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The findings showed that 8 sessions of health promoting lifestyle education increased distress tolerance and life expectancy in adolescences with cancer (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the effectiveness of health promoting lifestyle education on increasing distress tolerance and life expectancy in adolescences with cancer. As a result, counselors and psychologists can use the mentioned method to improve the psychological characteristics of different groups, especially adolescences with cancer.
Sociological study of the effect of informal settlements on social harms (Case Study: Kermanshah city)
Authors: Azizi Fariba , Mohseni Rezaali , Hazrati Someeh Zahra
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: The phenomenon of informal settlements can bring with it many social harms. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of informal settlements on the amount of social harms such as theft, divorce, suicide, and drugs in the city of Kermanshah. Methods: The current research is an applied research in terms of its purpose. In terms of method, it is a descriptive research and it will be done as a survey; Because the required information is obtained from the current state of the statistical sample using a questionnaire. It is a researcher-made questionnaire of informal settlements and a standard questionnaire of social harms, which is set in 66 items. The statistical population of the present study includes 270,979 male and female residents of informal settlements in Kermanshah city in the year 2021. In this research, 384 were selected as sample members by random-cluster method. Results: The descriptive findings of the current research show that the reason for migration and choosing the neighborhood of most of the 160 respondents (42.7%) was their economic situation. Also, in the studied sample, 169 people (44.5%) agree to leave the place and 211 people (55.5%) oppose leaving the place, 241 people (63.6%) agree and 138 people (36.4%) oppose. To leave the place, they were on the condition of handing over land or housing, which was the reason for not wanting to leave the place of most of the respondents (151 (42.8%) being close to the workplace). Finally, regarding participation in activities to improve the status of their community during the past 5 years, 177 people (46.1%) participated in the activities and 202 people (53.3%) did not participate. Conclusion: Based on the statistics and findings of the research, it can be concluded that the main problems of informal settlements are the lack of minimum facilities, which indicates poverty, lack of economic security and forced to migrate to this neighborhood. Addiction to cigarettes and drugs, history of theft, crime and prison or violence, suicide and divorce, all of these factors have come together and caused insecurities and caused social damage among the residents of this neighborhood. Considering that most of these people have migrated from the city to these marginal areas, this confirms that they did not have suitable living conditions and were forced to migrate to the outskirts of the cities with limited facilities and many problems.
The relationship between emotional regulation and anger control skills and self-esteem of correctional center adolescents
Authors: Khatami Mahyasadat , Khazaei Setayesh , Rahmani Seyedeh Maryam
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Every year we face a significant increase in juvenile delinquency in many countries and Iran, which has negative psychological consequences for this group; Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between emotional regulation and anger control skills and self-esteem of adolescents in Tehran Correctional Center. Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The population of this study consisted of all adolescents of the Rehabilitation and Training Center of Tehran in 1607 in 2018. Of these, 113 were selected by simple random sampling. To collect data, emotional regulation, anger control and self-efficacy were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis with Spss.22 software. Results: The findings showed that with an increase in the mean (SD) of emotional regulation, the anger control skill decreases (r=0.27, P<0.001) and with an increase in emotional regulation, the mean of self-esteem increases (r=0.25, P<0.001). The results of multiple linear regression analysis using simultaneous method showed that the multiple linear regression coefficient for emotional regulation and predictive variables are significant (p<0.01, F(2,197)=11.697, R2=0.11, R=0.33). Conclusion: The study showed that with increased emotional regulation with anger control skill and self-efficacy in adolescents, the correctional center of Tehran is related. Therefore, emotional regulation in adolescents is an important psychological construct in anger control skill and self-efficacy.
The Afghan family and the position of Afghan women in the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Authors: Pietkiewicz-Pareek Beata Paulina
Published: January 2024

Wprowadzenie. W sierpniu 2021 roku, po wycofaniu się wojsk NATO z Afganistanu talibowie przejęli władzę w Kabulu. W przeciągu kilku tygodni doprowadzili do retalibanizacji, czyli powrotu do metod rządzenia krajem znanych z lat 90. W pierwszej kolejności zamknęli szkoły przed dziewczętami, zakazali powrotu do pracy kobietom, czym zniszczyli życie milionom obywateli poprzez wpędzenie ich w depresję i myśli samobójcze. Cel. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że z perspektywy feministycznej teorii społecznej reprodukcji system patriarchalny jest przyczyną opresji płciowych i odpowiada za reprodukcję i podtrzymywanie nierówności społecznych. Materiały i metody. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie analizy literatury przedmiotu oraz za pomocą wywiadów z Afgańczykami oraz afgańskimi uchodźcami. Badania trwały od grudnia 2021 roku, kiedy po raz pierwszy miałam okazję odwiedzić Ośrodek dla Cudzoziemców w Grupie i poznać przebywających tam afgańskich uchodźców, do listopada 2023 roku. Respondenci przebywający w Polsce skontaktowali mnie ze swoimi rodakami oraz z uciekinierami przebywającymi w Iranie. Pytania do wywiadu były częściowo ustrukturyzowane, a odpowiedzi zapisywane w dzienniku lub nagrywane. Wyniki i wnioski. Wykorzystanie perspektywy feministycznej teorii społecznej reprodukcji odnosi się do ludzkiego potencjału, który pozwala zaspokoić wszystkie potrzeby. Narzędziem analitycznym była perspektywa zdolności Marthy Nussbaum, dzięki któremu wykazano, że wpływ talibów na rodziny afgańskie jest przeogromny i prowadzi do niemożności zapewnienia minimum egzystencji ich członkom, zwłaszcza kobietom i dziewczynkom.
Efficacy of Fungicides and Bioagents Against Leaf Spot Diseases of Safed Musali
Authors:   Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidypeeth, Akola (Maharashtra), India, TEKADE APARNA , KOCHE MINA , KOTHIKAR RB
Published: January 2024

In a experimental finding it was observed that all chemicals including systemic, non systemic and combination products were significantly superior in reducing the spore germination of Colletotrichum damatium and Alternaria alternata within 24 hours. In vitro evaluation of different chemicals and bioagents revealed that after 7th days, the fungicide propiconazole achieved complete inhibition followed by 0.1% tridemorph (97.23%) and thiram 97.29% against Colletotrichum damatium. Maximum fungal growth was recorded in control i.e. 78.00 mm. In case of Alteraria alternata 0.1% propiconazole recorded maximum inhibition i.e. 77.88 per cent followed by carbendazim + 0.2% mancozeb i.e. 74.89 per cent. The minimum efficiency was observed in 0.3% copper oxychloride followed by 0.2% thiophanate M with 71.66 and 65.22 mm as against 74.33 mm radial mycelial growth in control. Among the bioagents, T. viride recorded maximum inhibition i.e. (48.41% and 57.82%) followed with T. harzianum (41.80%, 42.66%) and minimum inhibitory effect was observed in P. fluorescens (11.65%, 16.58%) respectively.
Impact of Continuing Medical Education on Health Care Provider Performance in a Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Authors: Syed Imran Mehmood  , Adina Anwar  , Erum Khan  , Sidra Zaheer  , Mahjabeen Khan
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Basic life support (BLS), is the chain of survival and decreases the rate of cardiac arrest; health care professionals should know at least how to perform BLS individually as they may encounter such emergency very often. In the developed world, sudden cardiac death represents the single largest cause of natural death accounting for 12–18% of total mortality and 50% of cardiac mortality.

Objectives: To determine the level of awareness regarding Basic Life Support and knowledge of involved skills and its practice among medical and non-medical personnel.

Methodology: A retrospective study conducted by using valid questionnaire regarding Basic Life Support by 323 personnel. The results were analyzed with SPSS version 16.

Results: Twenty-five questions were used to assess the level of knowledge/awareness and skills after BLS training. The percentage of correct answer varied from 33.1% to 95.7% for knowledge related items; and for skills items, it was varied from 35.3% to 68.4%.

Conclusion: We recommend that Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation/Basic Life Support should be a basic skill across all medical and non-medical personnel.

Key words: Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, Basic Life Support, KAP.
Health Services Performance for TB Treatment in Two Districts of Punjab –DHQ Sahiwal & BVH Bahawalpur.
Authors: Sehar Iqbal  , Mairaj Muhammad  , Abdul Samad Qureshi
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pakistan ranks 5th among the 22 countries with the highest incidence levels of tuberculosis (TB) smear-positive case; TB remains the leading killer infectious disease in the world, with 1.7 million death.

Objective: The objective of our study is to determine the health services performance for TB treatment in DHQ, Sahiwal and BVH, Bahawalpur with the attributes for treatment.

Methodology: For this cross-sectional study 100 TB patients were identified through simple random sampling. Relevant information was collected by using the Primary Care Assessment Tool adapted for TB care. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 22 and presented as number and percentages.

Results: Results from both cities  for male and female patients were recorded with respect to “Access to treatment”, ‘Home visits’, “bond”, “professional respond clearly” and “range of services”. The dimension “coordination’, “family focus”, and “Professional ask about living conditions” were also recorded.

Conclusion: Incentives to improve care organization and management practices can contribute towards a better performance of health services in TB treatment in Pakistan and all over the world.

 

Keywords: Health services, Performances, TB treatment.
Comparative clinical assessment of working length endo-motor apex locator versus radiographic method in endo-dontic therapy.
Authors: Sarang Suresh Hotchandani  , Priya Rani Harjani  , Mahwish Memon  , Rajesh Kumar  , Naresh Kumar  , Saeed Ahmed Rind
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The technological and therapeutic advancements suggests that, choosing an appropriate endodontic approach is the key parameter to mitigate over radiation exposure and locating precise root canal length.Objective: Current study aims to evaluate the comparative accuracy of working length apex locator versus radiographic apex locator in in endodontic therapy among patients belonging from Sindh, Pakistan.Methodology: Current four-month duration based cross-sectional study focusing endodontic therapeutic techniques was conducted at Bibi Aseefa Dental College Larkana Sindh Pakistan. 124 patients requiring non-surgical root canal therapy were included in the study for working length apex locator and radiographic apex locator techniques. Film positioner were used to assess the morphology and initial working length of tooth by radiographic apex locator technique. Whereas glide path and working length was achieved with #12/02 M3 – Pro Gold File (United Dental) with 00 reading in Endo-Matic apex locator. Further data analysis was achieved with SPSS Version 20 and Microsoft Office 2010 multiple tools.Results: Among 124 patients, 69 (55.6%) were males and 55 (44.4%) were females with mean age of 33.60±12.87 years. We found comparative accuracy of 77 % of working length apex locator in terms of apical limit determination. Whereas, in case of radiographic apex locators 70 % accuracy was recorded.Conclusion: Working length endomotor with built in apex locators provide satisfac-tory control of apical limit of endodontic treatment and better time saving option, however radiographic confirmations remain the confirmatory length measurement tool to identify the dimension of canal and path obtained by endodontic instru-ment.Keywords: EndoMatic, Electronic Apex Locators, Hybrid Endomotors, Radiograph, Working Length.
Referral of obstetric cases: Reasons and outcome in a tertiary care setting in Sukkur, Sindh.
Authors: Hazooran Lakhan  , Farheen Shaikh  , Saima Lakhan  , Safia Maqsood  , Kausar Jahan Abro  , Bushra Noor Khuhro
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The onset of pregnancy till its culmination is a critical care period for the mother because any negligence during the nine months can have dire consequences both for the mother and the child.

Objective: The objective of this study is to document the reasons for which women at the time of delivery are referred and their outcome for both mother and new born.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit 1, Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Sukkur, Sindh. Full-term pregnant females who were referred in the period of May 2018 to April 2019 were included. Total referrals accounted for n=99. Data was analysed on SPSS version 23. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the reasons and the outcome. Kruskal Wallis test was applied for finding differences in mean gestational age among maternal and foetal outcomes. P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Total n=99 females were referred during one-year period. The most prevalent medical reason for referral was postpartum haemorrhage (19%) and Eclampsia (18%). Anaemia as an indirect cause was seen in (41%) referrals. For the majority, the mode of delivery was Caesarean Section (49.5%). Maternal deaths were (12%) whereas Intra Uterine Deaths accounted for (41%).

Conclusion: The most common reason for referral was postpartum haemorrhage and eclampsia. Increase maternal mortality and intrauterine deaths are observed.

Keywords: Maternal outcome, foetal outcome, referrals, high-risk pregnancies, Anaemia.
Relationship of age and family factors with academic performance outcome of students getting higher education.
Authors: Alina Atif
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Acquiring higher education has changed its dynamics since the beginning of this century. Covid-19 has added its transformation of remote learning, another dimension of distance learning.  At this stage a number of factors seem to be responsible for continued higher education minimizing the chanced of drop outs. At the same time several factors have their impact on performance outcome. In this study we have tried to find the impact of these factors on performance outcome of the students getting higher education.

Objectives: To assess the relationship of age and family factors on academic performance output of students getting higher education.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 4 – April 2, 2021. During this period 216 students; of either gender; getting higher education in institutes recognized by higher education commission were selected through cluster sampling. Students were approached through personal contact, email or WhatsApp.

Results: The study shows that gender, age and income status have a positive association with CGPA while degree enrolled in, source of Income, marital status and no of children shows a negative relationship with CGPA.  Results also shows that age, degree enrolled in, marital status and income have significant relationship ( p= <0.05)with CGPA; while gender, no of children, and source of income have insignificant association ( p= > 0.05)

Conclusion: Gender, Age and Income Status have a positive association with good CGPA

Keywords: Academic performance, Higher Education, HEC recognized institutes
Frequency of premalignant lesions of oral cavity in Lyari Town, Karachi.
Authors: Allah Bux Mushtaq  , Abdul Waheed  , Ghulam Shabir Mahar  , Amrat Kumar  , Ashok Kumar  , Athar Khan
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Usage of tobacco in any form and its related products is the chief avoidable reason of death around the globe based on reports published by WHO. Currently, approximately 6 million fatalities occur each year and majority of these deaths, almost 4 out of every 5 fatalities occur in less developed countries around the world.

Objective: To find out the frequency of premalignant lesion in oral cavity in persons consuming betel nuts and tobacco in Lyari town Karachi, Pakistan.

Methodology: After Institutional ethical committee approval, this cross-sectional survey was carried out in the routine camps at Bihar colony Lyari town under supervision of ENT and Oral Pathology Departments Sindh Government Lyari Hospital Karachi. Patients fulfilling inclusion criteria and given written informed consent were selected for the study.

Results: The demographic profile of study participants and it was seen that 15 (5.3%) of them were aged 20 to 30 years, 200 (70.4%) of them were males, 92(32.4%) of them had primary education, 109(38.4)of them were laborers 89(31.3%) of them were Sindhi. The overall frequency of premalignant lesions of oral cavity was found in 28 (9.86%) in study participants. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was seen in 11 (39.3%) of the individuals, 8(28.6%) were having Lichen planus, 5(17.9%) were having leukoplakia, and 4(14.2%) were having erythroplakia.

Conclusion: Despite the fact that the study found a higher frequency of OPML than earlier studies in this demographic, the proportion of those who used tobacco in any form was significantly higher.

Keywords: Oral premalignant lesions, screening, risk factors, tobacco use, Betel Quid
Incidence of Adenomyosis and its association with other benign lesions in Hysterectomy with BSO.
Authors: Memon Ghulam Rasool , Siyal Abdul Rahim , Pathan Muhammad Iqbal
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the incidence of adenomyosis and to assess its association with co– existing benign lesions.

Methodology: This prospective cross section study carried out at the Department of Pathology, Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas Sindh Pakistan from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016. Total 53 cases of hysterectomies with BSO were assessed. All specimens were grossly examined in detail and processed through hematoxylin and eosin stains. All the sections were examined for adenomyosis and its associated co – existing benign lesions.

Results: Out of 53 specimens of hysterectomies with BSO, in 39.6% were found adenomyotic foci. The patients mean age was 40 years. Besides adenomyosis alone 14.2%, the associated co – existing benign lesion were ovarian cysts (57.1 %). Endometrial polyps and adenomyomatous Polyps

(19 %) and Leiomyomas (9.5 %).

Conclusion: Adenomyosis is common in middle aged women. The ovarian cysts are frequent co – existing benign lesions of adenomyosis.

Key Words: Adenomyosis, Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy, Hysterectomy.
Comparison of Immunochromatography test (ICT) with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT – PCR) in detection of HCV.
Authors: Memon Ghulam Rasool , Siyal Abdul Rahim , Pathan Muhammad Iqbal , Shah Irshad-ul-Haque
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To compare ICT rapid test with RT- PCR.

Methodology: This study conducted at Pathological Laboratory Muhammad Medical College Hospital during July-August 2016 with collaboration of The Health Foundation District Sanghar at Goth Haji Khair Muhammad Junejo Kandiari Dist: Sanghar Sindh. 400 subjects from whole the population approximately 674 persons of Goth Haji Khair Mohammad Junejo taulka kandiari district Sanghar were selected in between the age of 10 years to 70 years. The purpose was to treat them if they are HCV positive. All the subjects were first screened for Anti – HCV on ICT method, and then all positive cases were confirmed on RT – PCR.

Results: This study conducted during the month of July and August 2016. Total 400 asymptomatic subjects from both male and female were screened by ICT method for Anti – HCV. Out of 400 subjects, 142 (35.5%) were positive. The serum of all 142 subjects positive on ICT, sent to Rawalpindi for HCV qualitative test on RT – PCR, HCV detected in 84 (59.16%) cases and 58 (40.84%) cases were negative. The ratio of variation (ICT: RT-PCR) was 1.44.

Conclusion:  Rapid ICT method is less sensitive compare to RT – PCR. There is variation of results in between two methods. All positive cases on ICT must be confirmed on RT – PCR. There is false positivity in ICT method.

 

Key word: ICT (Immunochromatography test) RT – PCR (Real time polymerase chain reaction) RIA

(Radio immunoassay) ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) EIA (Enzyme immunoassay).
Evaluating the impact of baby-friendly Hospitals on mother’s knowledge and practices regarding breastfeeding in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Shafi  , Faryal Nawab  , Rozina Jabeen  , Waseem Jmalvi
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Breastfeeding is a natural way of feeding to a new born baby. World Health Organization launched a Baby Friendly Hospital initiative in 1992, to strengthen maternity practices to support breast-feedings. Currently, about 19250 hospitals world wide have achieved Baby Friendly Status. To evaluate the role of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative on feeding and weaning practices of mothers in improving health status of children under five years of age

Methodology: Cross sectional comparative study was done at baby friendly hospital (BFHI) and non-baby friendly hospital (Non BFHI) Karachi. A total of 784 mothers were selected through convenient sampling and grouped according to place of birth.

Results: Feeding practices in BFHI group was better in some respects. Among them 81% mothers did not give any pre-lacteal feeds, 79% mothers reported that their babies were exclusively breast fed up to four months of age and 31% reported that they initiated breast feeding within one hour after the delivery.

Conclusions: Baby Friendly Hospital initiative has a beneficial effect on feeding practices of mothers and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. But some areas of optimal breastfeeding practices are not taken care well. Initiation of breastfeeding within ½ to 1 hour needs attention.

 

Key words: Breast feeding, Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, weaning, exclusive breast feeding
Patients Perceptions of Doctors Empathy in MMCH.
Authors: Aiman Mustafa  , Zafar Muhammad Zeeshan , Khan Muhammad Asad
Published: January 2024

Patients Perceptions of Doctors Empathy in MMCH

*Aiman Mustafa, **Muhammad Zeeshan Zafar, ***Muhammad Asad Khan

*Muhammad Medical College, Mirpurkhas, **Rashid Latif Medical College, ***Kind Edward Medical University.

 

Abstract

Introduction: Empathy is defined as understanding of patient’s experiences, concern and perceptive, combined with a capacity to communicate and intention to help. Patient takes doctors empathy as his good will for successful treatment of his patient while understanding his misery. This study was designed to in investigate the perception of patients regarding doctor empathy and to examine their satisfaction and personal interest or indications of patient compliance.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August 1, 2015 50 August 26, 2015. 100 patients selected purposively from OPD and ward. A self-administrated Likert styled questionnaire originally developed by Hojat et al at Jefferson school of Medicine with Urdu translation was administered. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.

Results: Among the total of 100 patients, 98%patients accept that their Doctor has been taking care of them, 74% patients were satisfied that the Doctor explain the reason for  any test, 94% thought that their  Doctor explained  things clearly to them, 96% strongly agreed that their  doctor had knowledge and skills, 100%  were satisfied with the care their  doctor  provided, while 82%claimed that their doctor encourage  them to explain  the disease to him, 94% wanted their  doctor to be present in any medical emergency.

Conclusions: This study reveals a high degree of patient’s satisfaction with empathy of Doctors of MMCH, although some improvement is still possible.

 

Key words: Patient, empathy, concern, satisfaction, MMCH
In Celiac disease: Type 3a, 3b and grade BI is more frequent on Marsh Modified (Oberhuber) / Corraza classification.
Authors: Memon Ghulam Rasool , Major Amir Iqbal Ali  , Mairaj Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Histopathological alterations in celiac disease (CD)are villous atrophy, intraepithelial lymphocyte infiltration and crypt hyperplasia. It is caused by gluten in genetically predisposed persons. Duodenum and proximal part of jejunum are most commonly involved. Various classifications are used to define histopathological features of CD, but it is easier to define on Marsh modified (Oberhuber) Corraza classification.

Objective: The object of study is to differentiate histopathogical feature of celiac disease on Marsh modified (Oberhuber) and Corraza classifications

Methodology: This retrospective study of 66 cases of CD carried out at Muhammad Medical college Mirpurkhas Sindh Pakistan between January 2016 to December 2017. Fresh slides prepared and dually observed. All observations denoted and systemized on Marsh modified (Oberhuber) Corraza classification. There are many mimics of CD, they should be excluded for the proper approach to diagnosis. 

Conclusion:  Histopathogical finding are helpful in CD if they are carefully classified. Typing and grading system of Marsh modified Corraza classification is easier to define and is supportive to observe the features in diagnosis and prognosis of disease.

 

Key words:  Celiac disease, Intraepithelial lymphocytes, villous atrophy. Histopathology, serology
Impact of Virtual Simulation to Teach EMS Personnel Respiratory Failure Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Walker Ayanna , McNally Keegan , Ganti Latha , Elahi Nubaha , Van Dillen Christine , Patel Parth , Vera Ariel
Published: January 2024

Objective

This study presents a unique way to provide simulation education to paramedics during the Coronavirus pandemic, without some of the logistical concerns that accompany traditional in-person simulation.

Methods

Our county EMS personnel were divided in groups of 3-6 for the virtual simulation conducted by a physician facilitator who was remotely broadcasted to the EMS team performing tasks on a mannequin. A post-simulation survey was conducted to determine how the simulation affected their comfort level with managing respiratory failure in both suspected COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients.

Results

The 42 EMS personnel responding to the survey felt an increased comfort level in managing respiratory failure in a suspected or known COVID-19 patient after the virtual simulation. There was an increase in “extremely comfortable” responses from 24% to 43% before and after the simulation, and a decrease in “somewhat uncomfortable” responses from 10% to 0%.

Respondents had extensive prior EMS experience, with 95% stating 2+ years working in EMS, and 33% with more than 10 year’s experience. Only 12% of the responders stated they underwent simulation training once a month or more, with 64% stating “a few times per year”. 86% of the responders felt the video platform was easy to use. The most common technical difficulty involved audio problems.

Conclusions

EMS personnel undergoing a virtual simulation and debrief in the management of respiratory failure in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic felt more comfortable in their management of these patients after their sessions. The majority recommended continuing this type of training in the future.
Integrating Telemedicine Training into the Graduate Medical Education Curriculum
Authors: Elahi Nubaha , McNally Keegan , Ganti Latha , Lebowitz David , Macintosh Tracy , Plamoottil Cherian , Gonzalez William
Published: January 2024

Objectives

The primary objective of this study was to examine current emergency medicine resident knowledge of telemedicine, expose residents to standardized telemedicine patients virtually, and analyze the effectiveness of telemedicine training on completing a successful encounter.

Methods

emergency medicine residents first underwent a virtual standardized telemedicine encounter using the ZoomTM telecommunications application without prior training in telemedicine. Standardized patients were then queried on resident success during this untrained encounter using a survey with aspects of a successful telemedicine encounter. The following session involved a lecture by a telemedicine physician. After this intervention, the residents underwent a repeat virtual encounter, with standardized patients responding to the same questions on the fundamental aspects of a successful interview. Residents also underwent a post-survey on their experiences with the training.

Results

Statistically significant differences were noted on aspects of the encounter related to obtaining informed consent (0% vs. 61%, p = 0.00012), asking about privacy in the patient’s environment (6% vs. 87%, p <0.00001), verifying name and/or date of birth (29% vs. 94%, p =0.00014), explaining the telehealth process and expectations to the patient (0% vs. 94%, p <0.00001). No statistical significance was seen with: resident introducing themselves (94% vs. 100%, p =.31732), asking focused questions about medical condition (100% vs. 100% p = 1), closing the encounter by explaining care plan (94% vs. 94%, p = 1).

Conclusions

Overall, emergency medicine residents had significant improvement on aspects of an encounter with a standardized patient that were unique to telemedicine after undergoing training from an expert in the field. Similar training could easily be utilized across the country in emergency medicine residencies. This training could prove to be essential in the future because of the global health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also for rural emergency patient care and remote educational programs.
The Polk COVID-19 and Flu Response clinical trial: COVID-19 antibody positivity higher in Black EMS workers
Authors: Banerjee Paul , Banerjee Anjali , Campion Breanna
Published: January 2024

This study reports on a countywide assessment of COVID-19 positivity among emergency medical services workers. Participants completed a short survey of demographic factors and co-morbidities prior to obtaining COVID-19 and influenza testing to analyze the prevalence of these two respiratory viruses that EMS workers, being the first on the scene, are at special risk for, especially in the early days of the pandemic. A total of 7% had a positive COVID-19 antibody test. Although Black EMS personnel only comprised 9% of the cohort, they were significantly more likely to test positive for COVID-19 (P=0.0012). Black race remained a statistically significant predictor in a multivariate model that included the age, sex, BMI, number of hours of direct patient contact, whether the medic was symptomatic, presence of co-morbidities and whether or not the medic had received a flu shot prior (P=0.0008, 95% CI 0.0621-0.2354). This clinical trial (NCT04682132) ) was registered at clinicaltrials.gov, a resource provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Rare case of pseudo-pneumoperitoneum as a triad of extensive subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum as a complication of non-invasive respiratory support
Authors: Winter Luke , Huang Derrick , Wilson James Link
Published: January 2024

Respiratory support through non-invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula is frequently used in patients with acute respiratory failure as a way to maintain oxygenation without intubation. Although mostly well-tolerated, infrequent but increasingly recognized complications can occur, such as pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. This likely occurs as a result of alveolar rupture from barotrauma related to ventilatory support and dissection of higher-pressure air along the pulmonary interstitium and into the anatomic cavities of the chest. We present a rare case of pseudo-pneumoperitoneum as a result of non-invasive respiratory support. This occurred as part of a triad of pneumomediastinum and extensive subcutaneous emphysema extending circumferentially around the abdomen and into the scrotum of a hypoxic patient with congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation with pneumonia requiring aggressive respiratory support.
Effectiveness of Flash Card Media To Improve Early Childhood English Letter and Vocabulary Recognition in Reading
Authors: Sari Ika Purnama , Sormin Rizky Khairunnisa , Purba Anita , Rahayu Arum Putri , Khairas Eri Ester
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Flash Card media to improve early childhood Alphabet and Spelling Vocabulary recognition in reading English at PAUD ADIAN Jaya Karang Sari. This study used qualitative method. The participants in this study were all students of “Class A” PAUD ADIAN Jaya Karang Sari. The result of study on Effectiveness of Flash Card Media to improve the early childhood English Letter and vocabulary recognition in reading English show the implementation of Flash Card. The researchershowed some vocabulary in front of the student by the Flash Card. First, the researcher showed some picture in Flash card, then the researcher mention some vocabulary spell it in the flash card in English. Data was collected by interview and observation sheet. In interview, the researcher invited all the students to mention some vocabulary and student spell it in front of the class. In observation, the researcher makes some quiz about the vocabulary. The researcher showed the flash card. Then make a score for the students that can answer the words and spell it. This research give the implication how to important media learning for early childhood to study English.
Implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning Based Physics Module on Newton's Law Material to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Class X Students
Authors: Agusti Resiana Heri , Nasir M , Islami Nur
Published: January 2024

This research consisted of two stages, namely the first stage of developing a CTL-based Physics module using Research and Development, through the ADDIE model approach, and the second stage of experimentation at MA Al-Ihsan Boarding School Riau. The experimental stage is to see the effect of using the developed module on improving students' critical thinking skills. The assessment of students' critical thinking skills used pretest and posttest critical thinking skills questions. Data analysis used SPSS Statistics 24 Software. The results of the module development research showed that the feasibility value by experts was 0.879 in the valid category. This shows that the CTL-based modules produced in this study are considered feasible to be used in learning Newton's Law material. The results of the experimental phase research show that there is a significant effect of the use of CTL-based modules on students' critical thinking skills. In the experimental class, critical thinking before treatment was 43.35, the low category increased to 84 good categories after treatment. Whereas in the control class critical thinking before treatment 39.4 low categories increased to 74 good categories after treatment. This means that the experimental class has further increased its critical thinking compared to the control class. The conclusion of this study is that the CTL-based Physics module on Newton's Law material is valid and the use of the developed module can improve students' critical thinking.
Ansiedad ante el desempeño musical: introducción conceptual y casuística peruana
Authors: Chang-Arana Álvaro
Published: January 2024

La ansiedad ante el desempeño musical (ADM) es un fenómeno complejo y con consecuencias potencialmente serias para los músicos que la experimentan. En este artículo, resumo la literatura más reciente de este dinámico campo de estudios. Específicamente, presentaré los siguientes puntos: definición, consecuencias, prevalencia y ratamientos, y limitaciones. Habiendo desarrollado estas secciones, dedico la última al estudio de la ADM en el Perú. Este artículo busca fomentar una discusión abierta y científica sobre la ADM, que informe acerca de prácticas pedagógicas y profesionales para procurar el bienestar de los músicos. Asimismo, el artículo contribuye con la literatura disponible en español, puesto que la mayoría de estudios sobre la ADM se encuentra solo en foros de la lengua inglesa.
Reguetón de mujeres para mujeres: dos caminos de empoderamiento
Authors: Velarde Dediós Patricio Josué
Published: January 2024

Este artículo aborda el reguetón desde una perspectiva de género y enfoca el aporte de las mujeres en dicha práctica musical. Ante la invisibilización y encasillamiento que sufren las artistas en el reguetón, se explora los factores que facilitan a las reguetoneras conseguir reconocimiento por sus aportes y las estrategias que les permiten superar la condición de ser consideradas solo acompañantes líricas de los artistas masculinos. A partir del análisis de canciones con presencia vocal femenina acreditada, se propone que contar con relaciones de parentesco o una trayectoria internacional previa a la incursión en el reguetón permite a las mujeres superar la invisibilización y recibir crédito por sus aportes a la producción del género musical. Asimismo, a partir del análisis de canciones y álbumes de autoría femenina, se concluye que la apropiación de la masculinidad y la creación de espacios femeninos son estrategias de empoderamiento que las reguetoneras usan para superar el encasillamiento.
SOCIAL PRESSURE IN THE QUARTER LIFE CRISIS THROUGH POSTER MEDIA
Authors: Uly Adinda Tiarani Dania , Mulmaijah An Nur Ghamiyyu , Dwi Rahayu Erni
Published: January 2024

Quarter Life Crisis is a time when a person experiences confusion, uncertainty and stress which is often experienced by individuals in their 20s to early 30s. One cause is social pressure. The characteristics of someone experiencing a quarter life crisis include, the individual does not know what his desires and goals in life are, his achievements at that age do not match expectations, he is afraid of failure, he does not want his childhood and adolescence to fail. This community empowerment activity is carried out online via Instagram Post from the @phoffeedu account. This activity aims to provide education to Instagram followers @phoffeedu and people who are within Instagram's reach through the hashtag (#) displayed on posts, explore, stories, etc. Regarding the definition, characteristics and methods of preventing and managing quarter life crisis, social media can be used to share health information so that it is effective in changing people's behavior. One of the health promotion media is posters. The theme of this poster is Social Pressure in the Quarter Life Crisis. 50 hours since the poster was uploaded, it has received approximately 147 likes. Of the 41 comments submitted on the poster, 100% of them showed positive reactions from the audience. There were also those who said that the poster really helped them, especially generation Z, in preparing for, preventing or overcoming a quarter life crisis. This means that the goal of the post to raise awareness about the quarter-life crisis has been achieved according to the comments.
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT WITH STUNTING FILTERS TO CREATE HEALTHY FAMILIES
Authors: Solikhah Fitriana Kurniasari , Astuti Erlina Suci , Ernawati Naya , Arif Taufan , Tyas Maria Diah Ciptaning , Hamarno Rudi , Wiyono Joko , Subekti Imam
Published: January 2024

Stunting is a condition where a child experiences growth disorders, so that the child's height does not correspond to his age, as a result of chronic nutritional problems, namely lack of nutritional intake for a long time (Ministry of Health, 2020). The results of the 2018 Regional Health Research (Riskesdas 2018) show that toddlers in Indonesia aged 0-23 months still experience shortness of breath or very shortness of breath.  This shows that there is a bright spot in the implementation of intervention programs in accelerating the reduction of stunting rates which cannot be separated from the cooperation of every existing element. The difference in the average knowledge of pre- and post-education cadres providing education to improve care for low birth weight babies was obtained by a mean pre-education value of 2.60 and a mean post-education value of 1.40. The standard deviation value for pre-training is 0.308 and post-training is 0.40. The Wilcoxon z value is -4.102. The statistical test results of the Wilcoxon signed rank test obtained a value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between before and after training in cadres' knowledge about early detection of stunting in toddlers. The community service program to assist families at risk of stunting is a new breakthrough in determining effective and integrated, community-based strategies to reduce the risk of stunting.