bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepekaan terhadap Humor berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Saat Menghadapi Ujian
Authors: Karim Muhammad Yusuf , Suyatmi Suyatmi , Afifah Zulaika Nur
Published: September 2019

Background:Medical students are facing examination in each topics to evaluate  learning achievement. An examination could be a trigger for anxiety. Uncontrolled anxiety could affect the learning achievement. Coping mechanism is needed to decrease the anxiety level. One of the coping mechanisms to decrease anxiety level is sense of humor. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether sense of humor could affect the anxiety level.

Methods:This was an observational analytic with cross-sectional design study.The subjects were First Year Medical Students of Universitas Sebelas Maret. The sample was collected by simple random sampling method. Sense of Humor was assesed using Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (MSHS). Anxiety level was assesed using Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). Collected data was analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov Normality Test and Pearson Correlation Test.

Results: There were 152 samples in this study. The mean of sense of humor and anxiety level were 69.90 ± 7.22 and 22.16 ± 6.93 respectively. The majority of the samples showed that 78.3% had a high sense of humor, while 21.7% had a moderate sense of humor. More than half of the samples (50.7%) were anxious and 49.3% were not anxious. The result of the Pearson correlation test showed r= -0.263 and p= 0.001.

Conclusions:This study indicates a negative correlation between sense of humor and anxiety level towards examination on First Year Medical Student of Universitas Sebelas Maret.

 
Keywords: sense of humor, anxiety level, examination
Структура вторичных конгломератов, образовавшихся при воздействии лазерного излучения на желчные камни
Authors: Андрухова Ольга Витальевна , Андрухова Татьяна Витальевна , Филимонова Анастасия Юрьевна
Published: September 2019

Проведен анализ особенностей строения и элементного состава желчных камней в зависимости от их типа. Элементный состав камней был исследован методом рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа, структурное строение до и после воздействия лазерного излучения — методом микроскопии. В элементный состав желчных камней всех типов входят микроэлементы: железо, хром, никель, медь, марганец и сера. Содержание микроэлементов в ядре и поверхностных слоях желчных камней зависит от типа камня. Проведено исследование структуры шлифов желчных камней различного состава до и после воздействия лазерного излучения и структуры кристаллических образований на их поверхности в зависимости от времени воздействия. Показано, что механизм разрушения различен для разных структурных элементов желчных камней. Рассчитана фрактальная размерность объектов, образовавшихся на поверхности шлифов после воздействия лазерного излучения. Анализ морфологической картины структурных изменений поверхности биоминеральных образований после воздействия лазерного излучения включал определение следующих структурных параметров: целостность контуров зоны облучения, наличие структурных разрушений и их характер.
Особенности реализации трибодатчиков на основе пьезотрансформаторных измерительных преобразователей с двумя степенями свободы
Authors: Белозерских Василий Вениаминович , Седалищев Виктор Николаевич , Сергеева Яна Сергеевна
Published: September 2019

Рассмотрены особенности создания трибодатчиков на основе связанных колебаний. Представлена зависимость отношения выходных напряжений пьезоэлектрических трансформаторов от величины возбуждающего напряжения на первой и второй НЧС при разных усилиях сдавливания контакта. Рассмотрены особенности реализации механизма трибочувствительности в датчиках на основе пьезотрансформаторных измерительных преобразователей с двумя степенями свободы. Показано, что, измеряя параметры связанных колебаний контактирующих пьезоэлектрических трансформаторов, можно исследовать физико-механические характеристики контакта. Регулируя амплитуду колебаний пьезорезонаторов и, соответственно, амплитуду взаимных микроперемещений контактирующих поверхностей, устанавливая определенные значения усилий их прижатия, можно реализовать требуемые режимы работы пьезотрансформаторных трибодатчиков. Использование такого механизма трибочувствительности позволит определять твердость материала, шероховатость поверхности, модули упругости продольных и сдвиговых деформаций, коэффициенты трения качения, скольжения, покоя и т.п.
Структура слоев диффузной зоны при борировании стали 20
Authors: Шевчук Евгения Петровна , Плотников Владимир Александрович , Садибеков Айдар Бекадилович
Published: September 2019

Представлены данные об изменении структуры поверхностных слоев стали 20 путем борирования при высоких температурах с применением химико-термической обработки. По данным исследований тонкой структуры и микродифракционного фазового анализа образцов, основными фазами полученных в экспериментах боридных слоев являются соединения железа с бором FeB, Fe2B и В. Микроструктура исследуемых образцов окрашена: фаза FeB окрашивается в коричневый цвет, а Fe2В сохраняет желтые тона, кристаллы бора окрашены в белый цвет. В приповерхностном слое наблюдались поры размером около 50 мкм. Исследование количественных характеристик боридных структур помогло определить среднюю толщину диффузных слоев образцов и коэффициент диффузии в них.

Для предотвращения спекания порошков железа и борной кислоты в насыщающую смесь введена инертная добавка — Na2SiO3, а для ускорения процесса борирования — активаторы (NH4OH, С). Выяснено, что с уменьшением содержания инертной добавки в насыщающей смеси толщина диффузионного боридного слоя снижается и также уменьшается размер боридных игл.
Золотое сечение, аффинорные структуры и обобщенные симметрические пространства
Authors: Балащенко Виталий Владимирович
Published: September 2019

Известно, что наиболее важными аффинорными структурами на гладких многообразиях являются почти комплексные структуры, структуры почти произведения, f-структуры Кентаро Яно и некоторые другие. Однако в последнее десятилетие новый тип аффинорных структур был введен и интенсивно обсуждался в дифференциальной геометрии. Это так называемые золотые структуры, впервые введенные М. Красмареану и К.-Э. Хретчану с использованием хорошо известного квадратного уравнения для золотого сечения. С тех пор ряд работ был посвящен изучению интегрируемости золотых структур, согласованных римановых метрик и связностей, подмногообразий в таких многообразиях и т.д. В то же время инвариантные золотые структуры на однородных многообразиях в этих исследованиях не появлялись. В данной статье предъявлен обширный класс инвариантных золотых структур на однородных обобщенных симметрических пространствах. Более точно, мы получили полное описание всех канонических золотых структур на однородных k-симметричных пространствах. Примечательной особенностью этих структур является то, что все они инвариантны как относительно действующей группы Ли, так и относительно обобщенных симметрий порядка k однородных k-симметрических пространств.
О дискретизации фазовых портретов динамических систем
Authors: Кириллова Наталья Евгеньевна , Минушкина Лилия Сергеевна
Published: September 2019

Рассматриваются динамические системы, моделирующие функционирование кольцевых генных сетей, в которых скорость изменения концентрации любого вещества зависит монотонно от концентрации вещества, предшествующего данному. Ранее исследовались вопросы существования, единственности, а также устойчивости периодических решений для динамических систем, уравнения которых содержат монотонно убывающие и монотонно возрастающие функции, и для описания фазовых портретов таких систем проводилось построение положительно инвариантной области. В случае больших размерностей возникает необходимость сужения построенной области. Для этого авторами был разработан алгоритм, основанный на задаче об «укладывании змеи в ящик» (snake-in-the-box problem) из теории графов и применимый для динамических систем различного вида и различных размерностей. Алгоритм позволяет построить диаграмму переходов, соответствующую сдвигам вдоль траекторий динамических систем. Приведены примеры использования алгоритма в случае шестимерной системы со ступенчатыми функциями и в случае десятимерной системы с гладкими функциями. Результаты построения были применены в исследовании существования циклов у этих систем.
The Effect of Weekends and Clock Changes on the Sleep Patterns of Children with Autism: A Study of Historical Records
Authors: Williams Tim I
Published: September 2019

Background
Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often have difficulties settling to sleep and maintaining asleep through the night. Sleep difficulties are linked to challenging behaviour so understanding the causes of these difficulties is vital. Possible explanations are: (1) that irregular innate cycles lead to difficulties maintaining/initiating sleep at the appropriate times; (2) that children with ASD fail to learn from the contingencies that teach neurotypical children to initiate and maintain sleep. If the cycles are innate then small externally imposed changes in routine will not affect the sleep cycle.

Methods
The sleep records of 46 children with autism and moderate to profound intellectual impairments attending a residential school were examined to identify the effects of spring time change and weekend leave on 1) the times children went to sleep, 2) the length of their sleep and 3) the number of sleep disruptions. Manual staff recordings of the children’s sleep were conducted and data for these variables were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results
A later sleep time was found in children regarding their sleep onset on Sunday after the time change (average onset was 9:57 p.m. ((s.e. = 8.49 minutes) versus 10:17 p.m. (s.e. = 8.19 minutes), with analysis of variance of sleep onset time showing a significant effect (F (3,41) = 5.02, p = 0.005). However, only two out of three comparison groups showed statistically significant effects (March 23rd versus March 30th mean difference = 0.39, p = 0.003; March 30th April 13th mean difference = 0.36, p = 0.03). No statistical difference was found between March 30th versus April 6th or other sleep parameters in any groups (i.e., sleep duration or night time awakenings). Similarly, no change in any sleep parameters (i.e., sleep onset or awakenings) were found when Sundays sleep parameters were compared to Mondays and/or Tuesdays.

Conclusions
In this small pilot study, small changes of day/night cycles appear to have few effects on the sleep patterns of children with ASD attending a residential school. While no significant sleep pattern change was found in this population due to change of clock times or weekend visits, larger epidemiological studies addressing other unexamined variables to better delineate changes in ASD are needed.
Serum prolactin binding in various forms of hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Bulatov A. A. , Makarovskaya E. E. , Marova E. I.
Published: September 2019

Binding of 125I-labeled prolactin in the sera of women with different forms of hyperprolactinemia was studied. Antiprolactin autoantibodies were detected in the blood of 24% of women with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. In contrast to idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, there were no autoantibodies to prolactin in pregnant women with physiological hyperprolactinemia and in hyperprolactinemia of tumor origin. These data indicate that the presence of these antibodies in circulating blood can be one cause of idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. Moreover, the prevalence of high-molecular form of immunoreactive prolactin in the blood can be due to binding of an appreciable amount of prolactin monomer to antiprolactin autoantibodies.
The health status of children born to mothers with persistent galactorrhea syndrome - amenorrhea treated with parlodel
Authors: Sudakova O. D. , Kurysheva E. V. , Kurlandskaya R. M.
Published: September 2019

A dopamine agonist - bromo-a-ergocriptine (parlodel) is traditionally used in the treatment of persistent galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome (SGA) [11, 13, 19]. Parlodel reduces the frequency of mitoses and the number of secretory granules in the lactotrophs of the adenohypophysis [50], and is capable of slowing the growth of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas [1, 40].

According to a number of authors [5, 11, 13, 56], the dosage and timing of the use of the drug depend on the form of LNG. According to most researchers [6, 17, 19, 24, 29], the effectiveness of its use correlates with the form of the disease. However, the effectiveness of parlodel therapy is apparently also influenced by the functioning of the dopaminergic system (DAS) of a particular patient [15].
Male menopause - myth or reality?
Authors: Schumayer W.
Published: September 2019

Against the backdrop of the widespread research programs for the study of menopause in women, which continue to be of interest to specialists in the field of medicine and the media, it has been suggested that men can have a similar condition, the so-called andropause. However, according to prof. G. Lungmayr, President of the Austrian Society of Urology and former Chairman of the Andrology Working Group, which is part of this Society, andropause as such simply does not exist. “If andropause were a condition similar to menopause,” said Prof. G. Lungmayr, “then all men would stop producing androgens within a certain period of time. However, this is not the case. Eighty-year-old men with testosterone levels are known. in the body it is maintained at a level commensurate with the corresponding values ​​of twenty- and forty-year-old men.”
The dynamics of thyroid hormones in rats when modeling polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Smirnova S. N. , Romashova M. F. , Antonichev A. V. , Korolev V. A.
Published: September 2019

The time course of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and progesterone is followed up in albino rats with polycystic ovaries developing after postnatal androgenization of newborn females. Serum and plasma hormones were measured by competitive immunoassay based on intensified fluorescence. Serum and plasma T3 and T4 levels in rats with polycystic ovaries during the period corresponding to sexual maturation were higher than in normal animals. In adult rats T3 levels in the experimental and control animals leveled, but T4 content was decreased in androgen-treated animals. Progesterone level in health was notably higher than in animals with polycystic ovaries at all stages of postnatal ontogenesis.
The intensity of lipid peroxidation processes, the activity of NADP-dependent dehydrogenases and proteases in rat brain with repeated administration of insulin
Authors: Telushkin P. K.
Published: September 2019

The rate of accumulation of malonic dialdehyde was increased, the activities of superoxide dismutase, NADP-dependent glucose- 6-phosphate, malate, isocitrate dehydrogenases and glutathione reductase decreased, and the levels of diene conjugates decreased in the hemispheres and brain stem of rats subjected to 7-9 hypoglycemic comas. The activities of neutral and acid proteases were increased in the stem structures. The detected changes indicate an oxidative stress developing in the nerve tissue after repeated hypoglycemic exposures. Such changes appear after glucose arrest of hypoglycemic coma and can be important in the pathogenesis of posthypoglycemic encephalopathy.
The results of the use of argon laser coagulation in the treatment of dibetic retinopathy
Authors: Milenkaya T. M. , Terentyev V. S. , Bessmertnaya E. G. , Dedov I. I.
Published: September 2019

A total of 182 patients (95 men and 87 women) aged 15-49 years with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were treated using argon laser coagulation. Late results of laser therapy were followed up for 6 months to 3 years. In the patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) on the fundus oculi the improvement consisted in partial resolution of solid exudative foci and retinal hemorrhages in 20%o of cases. In patients with preproliferative DR, soft exudative foci partially resolved and the number of retinal hemorrhages and microaneurysms decreased in 17%o of cases. In patients with proliferative DR, regressive development of proliferative tissue, desolation of newly formed vessels, and resolution of preretinal hemorrhages were observed in 13.9%o of cases. Stabilization for 3 years was attained in 75%) of patients with nonproliferative and proliferative and in 72.5%o of those with preproliferative DR.
PERCEPÇÃO DE EXTRATIVISTAS SOBRE OS BURITIZAIS NA REGIÃO DOS LENÇÓIS MARANHENSES, BRASIL
Authors: Vieira Irlaine Rodrigues , Oliveira Jefferson Soares de , Silva Geisiane Oliveira , Santos Kelly Polyana Pereira dos , Vieira Fábio José , Barros Roseli Farias Melo de
Published: September 2019

Pesquisas de percepção ambiental evidenciam o contexto extrativista e auxiliam na elaboração de políticas ambientais. Apesar dos benefícios sociais e econômicos, a intensificação do extrativismo pode promover a insustentabilidade ecológica e alteração da percepção dos valores florestais conservacionistas. Na região dos Lençóis Maranhenses, Nordeste do Brasil, é crescente a venda de produtos extraídos da palmeira Mauritia flexuosa L.f para abastecer mercado local e nacional. Desta forma, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar quais valores florestais são percebidos pelos extrativistas em municípios da região dos Lençóis Maranhenses e como o perfil socioeconômico interfere na percepção ambiental dos entrevistados. A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de formulários semiestruturados aplicados a 271 extrativistas dos município de Barreirinhas, Paulino Neves e Tutóia. Os valores florestais percebidos foram divididos em três categorias: econômica, ecológica e social. Os dados obtidos revelaram que houve uma priorização da categoria econômica, com destaque para o valor florestal fonte de renda. Em Barreirinhas, os valores alimentação e regulação do clima estiveram relacionados a características socioeconômicas tais como gênero e renda mensal proveniente da venda do artesanato. Há o conhecimento sobre os danos ambientais que ocorrem nos buritizais, entretanto não existe uma efetiva participação das comunidades na gestão das Unidades de Conservação ambientais da região.
Valoración del interés y conocimiento acerca de alimentación y actividad física en estudiantes del ciclo básico de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas-UNL
Authors: Noseda Josefina , Cúneo Florencia , Fortino María Alejandra
Published: September 2019

La alimentación se reconoce como un punto clave en el mantenimiento de la salud y la prevención de patologías. En jóvenes universitarios la educación alimentaria representa un desafío que no debe ser soslayado. Las Guías Alimentarias para la Población Argentina (GAPA), son una herramienta útil para favorecer la adquisición de estilos de vida saludables. El presente trabajo buscó identificar el interés y valorar el conocimiento sobre la alimentación (AL), la actividad física (AF), las GAPA y gráficas alimentarias en alumnos del ciclo básico de las carreras de Bioquímica (B) y las Licenciaturas en Biotecnología (LB) y Nutrición (LN) de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB)-UNL, a fin de evaluar la posibilidad de realizar intervenciones educativas futuras. Se encontró que entre los estudiantes predomina el interés acerca de AL y AF; que el conocimiento acerca de las GAPA y gráficas alimentarias es muy bajo para los alumnos de B y LB, y que el hecho de conocer los mensajes principales de las GAPA contribuye a su práctica por parte de los estudiantes. Los resultados hallados ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de implementar propuestas educativas acerca de AL saludable y AF, principalmente en estudiantes de B y LB.
Prevalencia de Dermatofitosis en estudiantes de un internado universitario de la provincia de Entre Ríos
Authors: Schaab Maria Cristina
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de las dermatofitosis en la población de estudiantes que residen en el internado de la Universidad Adventista del Plata de Libertador San Martín, Entre Ríos. Se entrevistaron un total de 645 estudiantes, 408 mujeres y 237 varones. A cada participante con lesión sospechosa de Dermatofitosis, previa firma del consentimiento, se le realizó un estudio micológico completo y se le hizo completar una ficha epidemiológica. De los 645 estudiantes entrevistados, 75 presentaban lesiones sospechosas de Dermatofitosis. De las 75 muestras tomadas a dichos alumnos, 39 resultaron con examen directo positivo para Dermatofitos por lo que la prevalencia fue del 6% en esta población. La distribución por género fue de la siguiente manera: de 39 muestras positivas, 23 fueron varones y 16 mujeres. Las Tiñas del pie y de la uña fueron las más frecuentes. Los agentes predominantes fueron Trichophyton rubrum  y Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Se encontró que el sexo masculino y la acción de “no utilizar calzado propio para ingresar a la ducha” tienen una relación estadísticamente significativa con la presencia de Dermatofitosis.Consideramos importante conocer la prevalencia de dermatofitosis en esta población para contribuir a su tratamiento y su prevención.
RESÚMENES DE TESIS: MAESTRÍA EN FÍSICA
Authors: Vignatti Maria Del Carmen
Published: September 2019

Estudio de la implantación de carbono en Cu (111) como posible método precursor en el crecimiento de grafenoCarlos Silva

Estudio de la probabilidad de neutralización del ion Ga+ en una superficie de AuMarcos Sebastián Tacca
Autismo en el aula, más allá del diagnóstico
Authors: Cabrera Urquía Rebeca
Published: September 2019

El trastorno del espectro autista ha pasado de ser el gran desconocido a ser el gran estudiado. Aun así, seguimos encontrándonos con serias dificultades para hacer accesible la educación a las personas con TEA. Las dificultades asociadas a este trastorno, que van más allá del mero acceso al currículo, convierten al trastorno del espectro autista en todo un reto para la comunidad educativa.Este artículo presenta una experiencia educativa con alumnos con TEA a través del uso del Programa de Aprendizaje Adaptado para la Integración Global del Individuo, en adelante PAAIGI. Un programa terapéutico que se traslada a las aulas para dar una respuesta integral a las necesidades de las personas con TEA. Conducta, cuerpo, comunicación y currículo escolar configuran una realidad única que requiere de intervenciones individualizadas en todos los contextos.
La educación STEAM y la cultura «maker»
Authors: Sánchez Ludeña Enrique
Published: September 2019

La esencia del STEAM es la integración de contenidos multidisciplinares. Para ello aprovecha los puntos en común de cinco disciplinas académicas: ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería, arte y matemáticas. Entre las metodologías activas, las más adecuadas para el desarrollo de las competencias STEAM son el trabajo por proyectos y aquellas que derivan del construccionismo, en particular el tinkering. El movimiento maker está estrechamente vinculado al desarrollo de habilidades y competencias STEAM.
La investigación en la educación popular
Authors: Ortiz Flores Marielsa
Published: September 2019

¿Qué entendemos por investigación en la educación popular? ¿Cuál es la propuesta de Fe y Alegría para la investigación en el aula? ¿Cómo convierten los docentes su práctica en una oportunidad de investigación? ¿Cuál es el papel de las familias en la formación para la investigación? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que aborda e intenta responder este artículo.
Trends in Pharmaceutical Scholarly Communications from India, China and United States a Comparative Study
Authors: Das Priyambada , Ramesh D.B.
Published: September 2019

The present study throws light on the scholarly communication of three leading countries in the field of pharmaceutical research as reflected in SCOPUS database during 1998-2017. In terms of publication output, United States with two leading Asian countries, China and India leads with 40.54 per cent share of the global research publication share in pharmaceutical sciences. The global outcome of scholarly communication in the field of pharmaceutical research is 1395221. The study mainly focuses both on qualitative and quantitative research growth of United States, China and India in terms of output of scholarly communication, citation impact, relative research effort, common sources used for publications and research collaboration. The growth pattern of three leading countries is highly chaotic. The relative research effort of India and China increased during 2008-2017 while in United States, it was decreased. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, Tetrahedron Letters and Tetrahedron are the common source of communication in these three countries. All the three countries show the positive shift in international collaboration during 1998-2002 to 2012-2017 in pharmaceutical research.
Faculty Perceptions towards Institutional Repository at Cochin University of Science and Technology India a Case Study
Authors: C Shajitha , K.C. Abdul Majeed
Published: September 2019

Explores the perceptions of faculty members towards Institutional Repository (named as Dyuthi) of Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India. It also discussed the content recruitment nature of faculty members in an institutional repository (IR). In order to carry out the study, a voluntary survey was conducted among faculty members. They showed high awareness and satisfaction about IR, and the highly significant relationship was observed between awareness and satisfaction. However, their self-archiving practice in Dyuthi was low, and they were not at all unfamiliar with the self-archiving practice outside Dyuthi. Faculty members tended to adopt a traditional preservation strategy to store their works, and they have supported the framing of a policy to deposit their scientific works in IR. This study concludes that to achieve the content growth, self-archiving must be encouraged, and faculty members are capable of self-archiving in IR. Dyuthi could elevate itself as a social medium by implementing the facilities such as commenting add-ons, request full-text copy add-ons, controlled vocabulary add-ons, the web of communication add-ons, restricted access, and storage facility similar to Google drive. Dyuthi’s workflow should also be altered by giving more importance to preservation.
INSIGHT ANALYSIS ON DYKE PROTECTION AGAINST LAND SUBSIDENCE AND THE SEA LEVEL RISE AROUND NORTHERN COAST OF JAVA (PANTURA) INDONESIA
Authors: Andreas Heri , Abidin Hasanuddin Zainal , Sarsito Dina Anggreni , Pradipta Dhota
Published: September 2019

Land subsidence and the sea level rise is newly well known phenomenon around northern coast of Java Indonesia (PANTURA). The occurrence of land subsidence at least recognize at the first of the city or urban area development, while the sea level rise was recognize from several last decades corresponds to the global warming. Following the both phenomena, tidal inundation (in Javanese they call it “Rob”) is now becoming another newly well known phenomenon along PANTURA. In the recent years the tidal inundation comes not only at a high tide but even at the regular tide in some area. Sea level rise and the land subsidence are considered as the causes deriving the occurrence of tidal inundation. Dykes have been built against tidal inundation around PANTURA (e.g. in Jakarta, Blanakan, Pekalongan, Semarang, and Demak). Nevertheless, since the land subsidence and the sea level rise are believed to be continuing through times, insight analysis on these dykes “protector” is necessary. How long the dyke would effectively protect the land area would be highlight in this paper.
Mekânsal Alanlarda Plan Değişikliklerinin Gayrimenkul Üretim/ Arz Eğilimlerine Etkileri
Authors: YAVUZ Uğur , SERTYEŞİLIŞIK Begüm
Published: September 2019

Gayrimenkul üretim eğilimleri ile mekânsal planlama ve plan değişiklikleri arasında bir etkileşim olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile plan değişiklikleri ve bu değişiklikleri ortaya çıkaran etkenler, değişikliklerin gayrimenkul üretim/arz eğilimlerine etkisi ve idarelerin planlama yoluyla gerçekleştirdikleri mekânsal müdahaleler ve sonuçları araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, ilgili literatür incelenmiş, örnek olay incelemesi ile Kağıthane ilçesinde planlama geçmişi, plan değişiklikleri ve gayrimenkul üretim/arz eğilimleri ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda plan değişikliklerinin konularına göre birbirini tetikleyebildiği ve gayrimenkul üretim/arz eğilimlerine etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma; mekânsal alanlarda gerçekleştirilen plan değişikliklerinin planların bütüncül yapısına ve gayrimenkul üretimi/arzı eğilimlerine etkisini belirlemektedir
FİNANSAL PERFORMANSIN BELİRLENMESİNDE VE SIRALANMASINDA TOPSİS ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMİNİN KULLANILMASI: BIST SİGORTA ŞİRKETLERİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: ACAR Merve
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul (BIST) Sigorta Endeksi’nde işlem gören sigorta şirketlerinin finansalperformansları 2008-2017 dönemi çerçevesinde TOPSİS Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi ile ölçülmüş veperformans sıralaması yapılmıştır. Finansal performans göstergesi olarak seçilen 18 oran örneklem dönemi içinayrı ayrı hesaplanmış ve hesaplanan performans puanları kapsamında şirketlerin her bir yıl için performanssıralaması yapılmıştır. Sonrasında TOPSİS sıralamasına göre oluşturulan iki portföyün hisse senedi getirilerikıyaslanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda sigorta şirketlerinin performans sıralamaları yıllar bazındadeğişmekle beraber, en iyi performansa sahip ilk üç şirket sıralaması genellikle aynı olmaktadır. Hisse senedigetirileri açısından ise TOPSİS yöntemine göre en iyi performans gösteren şirketlerden oluşan portföyün getirisidiğer portföyden yüksek çıkmıştır.
GENELLEŞTİRİLMİŞ DOĞRUSAL MODELLER İLE SİGORTA ŞİRKETLERİNDE HASAR REZERVİNİN TAHMİNİ
Authors: ARSLAN Yusuf , ALTAŞ Dilek
Published: September 2019

Hayat-dışı sigortalarda, hasar talepleri ile hasar

dosyasının kapanması arasında zaman farkı mevcuttur. Ayrıca, yasal

düzenlemeler, hasarın gecikmeli raporlanması ya da yapılan itirazlar, hasar

talebinde bulunmanın zaman alması veya kapalı dosyaların yeniden açılmasına

neden olabilmektedir. Sigorta şirketlerinin yükümlülüklerini yerine

getirebilmesi için ayrılacak olan hasar rezervlerini doğrun tespit etmesi,

şirketin mali yapısının korunması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Rezerv hesabında

kullanılan geçmiş veriler genellikle üçgen merdiven metodu ile

gösterilmektedir. Bu veriler iki zaman ekseninde birbirinden ayrılır. Yatay

eksen hasar gelişim yılını ve dikey eksen hasar oluşum yılını göstermektedir.

Genelleştirilmiş Doğrusal Modeller hasar rezervlerinin tahmininde etkin bir

yoldur.
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ VE TÜRKİYE
Authors: KAVCIOĞLU Şahap
Published: September 2019

Büyüme

ve kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda, tüm dünyada enerjiye olan talep hızla

artmaktadır. Enerjiye olan talebin artması ise, beraberinde mevcut enerji

kaynaklarının geliştirilmesi ya da yeni enerji kaynaklarının üzerinde

çalışmasına sebep olmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar artan enerji talebiyle birlikte

fosil yakıtların hızla tükendiğini ve yakın gelecekte kaynak problemi

yaşanabileceğini göstermektedir. Fosil yakıtların tükendiği durumda nükleer

enerji konusunda da süregelen tartışmaların olması, yenilenebilir enerji

kaynaklarının önemini aynı doğrultuda artırmaktadır. Bakıldığında, tüm dünya

ülkelerinde yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları alanında hızlı bir ivme kazanımı

söz konusudur. Gelişmekte olan ülke niteliğinde olan Türkiye’nin de bu alandaki

potansiyeli dikkate alındığında, küresel rekabetten kayba uğramamak için

özellikle rüzgar, hidrolik ve güneş enerjisi yatırımlarının arttırılması tam

bir zorunluluktur.
Demographic determinants of self-medication in the population covered by health centers in Tabriz
Authors: Shaamekhi Hamid Reza , Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad , Alizadeh Mahasti
Published: September 2019

Background: Self-medication is the choice and use of medications by people to treat a selfdiagnosed illness or symptom. The aim of this study was to search the relationship between a number of socio-demographic conditions and self-medication in the population covered by health complexes in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study and was carried out on the population covered by health complexes in Tabriz. Participants were recruited by a multi-stage sampling method. A total of 1000 participants were included in the study. Data collection was done using a researcher-created questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The incidence of self-medication was 70.9% for participants who reported illness in the last month. The chance of self-medication was higher in young (P = 0.007) and middleaged (P = 0.012) groups, and housewives (P = 0.048); and was lower among participants who were not literate (P = 0.047). There was no significant relationship between gender and selfmedication (P = 0.553). The high cost of visits was mentioned as a reason for self-medication. The most frequently mentioned drugs used in self-medication were analgesics, cold medicines, and antibiotics, respectively. More frequent reasons for self-medication were the previous experience of the disease, the assumption that the ailment was not important, and the high cost of visits, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication in this study was high. Considering the results, education in the community, financial support, and monitoring the delivery of drugs can play an important role in improving the pattern of drug use.
A Delphi study for exploring nutritional policy priorities to reduce prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Eini Zinab Hassan , Kalantari Naser , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Pourmoradian Samira
Published: September 2019

Background: Identifying and prioritizing the most appropriate policies for enhancing nutritional
habits are vital for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study
was conducted to prioritize the nutritional policies in Iran.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey applying the two-round Delphi technique was used to
prioritize policy options in preventing the burden of NCDs. In the first round, the experts
in health and nutrition policy were asked to prioritize 21 policy options on a 5-point Likert
scale. After analyzing the first-round questionnaire, the highest mean and lowest dispersion
index were calculated as an indicator of high-priority options. In the second round, the policy
options suggested by the participants were added to the second-round questionnaire. Finally,
the questionnaires were sent to all the participants in case they desired to change their opinions.
Results: The expert achieved consensus on “principles of healthy eating” courses in the
curriculum of students as a high-priority policy option. In this regard, “promoting community
education and customizing healthy food choice” was the next high priority policy option. On
the other hand, the lowest policy priority option was “sending free/low-price healthy drinks
at home”. The three high priority policy categories were reformulating the content of food,
enhancing the consumers’ knowledge, and food labeling, respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings showed that reformulation, food promotion, and food labeling had
the highest priorities for preventing NCDs in Iran. Although food provision policies were costeffective
in developing countries such as Iran, it is essential to provide sub-structures for the
reformulation of food products.
Challenges of Accurate Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori in Iran
Authors: Fotoohi Farahnaz , Kazemi Mohammad javad , Ansariniya Hossein
Published: September 2019

Background: Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis is regarded as the most prevalent gastrointestinal infection, as well as the major cause of several other diseases. Despite being discovered over 30 years ago, no golden diagnostic method has yet been suggested for this microorganism. Objective: The present study aimed to compare two common diagnostic methods of histology and serology. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study began in July, 2016, and was conducted at Imam Jafar Sadegh Hospital (a university hospital) in Maybod, Yazd, Iran, on 70 patients. All the patients underwent endoscopy, and biopsy samples were taken for histology, as well as blood samples for ELISA test. Finally, sensitivity, specificity, NPV (negative predictive values), and PPV (positive predictive values) were calculated and analyzed. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of the ELISA method with histology as the gold standard were 87.5%, 36.9%, 54.2%, 42%, and 85%, respectively. Still, the histology method appears to be the most reliable test for the diagnosis of H. pylori in Iran. Conclusion: Regarding the high prevalence of H. pylori in Iran, the present study recommends the use of histology as a diagnostic method in combination with other diagnostic methods for detecting H. pylori infection.
Turkish Midwifery Students’ Fear of Delivery Process
Authors: Keser Özcan Neslihan , Boyacıoğlu Nur Elçin , Güdücü Neriman , Göncü Serhatlıoğlu Seda , Yıldırım Emine , Koç Medine , Bingol Fadime
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Fear affects a person’s decision-making process and causes a midwife to make a wrong decision about normal vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery, so research was carried out in order to determine the fields related to delivering process in which students experience the most fear and feel sufficient. Methods: A descriptive/cross-sectional study was performed between September and October 2017. The sample consisted of 732 students selected with the convenience maximum variation sampling method from six universities studying in the third and fourth years of a midwifery program. The study measured data collected with a questionnaire entitled “Midwives’ Fear of Delivery Process”. The data were analyzed in with the SPSS for Windows using percentage and mean values and Spearman correlation test. Results: In general, students are more afraid of practices with which they say they have more experience such as vaginal palpation (3.30 (0.884), rs=0.131, P*lt;0.001), and they are less afraid of practices (interventional) with which they have less experience such as breech delivery (1.70 (0.915), rs=0.048, P=0.197) or no experience at all and of cases in which they can get hurt. The students feel most sufficient when performing prenatal and postnatal practices. Conclusion: The results of our study parallel the conclusion in the literature that students are afraid of the fields that they have practiced most. Before clinical practice, instructors can determine students’ fears and deficiencies in relation to procedures and areas of practice and can develop approaches for alleviating their fears and weaknesses.
Comparison of In-Person and MMS -Based Education in Telegram on Self-care and Fasting Blood Sugar of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Aligholipour Mahtab , Feizollahzadeh Hossein , Ghaffari Mozaffar , Jabbarzadeh Faranak
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Diabetes is a disease whose control requires effective self-care and patient education. Multimedia Messaging Service-based (MMS) education is one of the new methods for education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of in-person and MMS-based education in the Telegram application on self-care and weekly fasting blood sugar levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Methods: In this clinical trial, a sample of 66 patients with diabetes who referred to the Sina hospital in Tabriz, were randomly assigned into two groups: in person and MMSM-based education. Data gathering tools included a demographic form, Toobert’s self-care activities questionnaire (as primary outcome), and a checklist to record fasting blood sugar weekly measured by a glucometer. Data were analyzed using independent and paired sample t-tests, chi-square, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: After the education the mean scores of self-care in terms of diet, exercise, foot care, and blood sugar testing activity significantly increased in both groups (P<0.05) and results of ANCOVA of the scores for all dimensions revealed no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). Reduction in the fasting weekly blood sugar levels over a 12-week period were statistically significant in both groups (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: MMS-based education same as in-person, improves self-care in patients with diabetes. Given the disadvantages of in-person education, this new educational strategy can be used to facilitate the patient education process and improve its quality.
Effect of the Mixed Herbal Medicines Extract (Fennel, Chamomile, and Saffron) on Menopause Syndrome: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Mahdavian Mitra , Mirzaii Najmabadi Khadijeh , Hosseinzadeh Hossein , Mirzaeian Sara , Badiee. Aval Shapour , Esmaeeli Habibollah
Published: September 2019

Introduction:. Menopause is the transition from the reproductive phase of a woman to the non-reproductive. It may impair quality of life. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of mixed herbal medicines on menopause symptoms Methods: A randomized, triple-blind, clinical trial and placebo-controlled study on 120 peri-menopausal women aged 45-65 years for 12 weeks. All participants took herbal extracts drops orally daily and randomly allocated into four groups: placebo (C), A (250 mg chamomile, 30 mg fennel, 15 mg saffron), B (1000 mg, 120 mg, 60 mg), and D (500 mg, 60 mg, 30 mg). Primary outcome was the mean change in scores of the menopause rating scale that evaluates 11 symptoms. Results: The median (IQR) physical score significantly reduced from 8.5(4) to 2(3), in psych score reduced from 12(4) to 2 (2) and in urogenital score reduced from 6.5(3) to 3(2) in group B. In group D physical score decreased from 12(6) to 8(4), in psychological score reduced from12 (3) to 8(4) and urogenital score reduced from 7.5 (3) to 8(3) at week 12. No significant differences in group A and C. With comparison the scores of physical, psych and urogenital domain of MRS questionnaire in 1th ,6th and 12th, no significant difference within group A and C were seen, but statistically significant difference was within group B (p<0.001) and D (p<0.001) in all weeks. The effect size was 0.92. Conclusion: A 12 weeks extracts treatment, there were significant improvement in physical, psychological and urogenital domains in group B.
Chronic Ethanol Differentially Modulates Glutamate Release from Dorsal and Ventral Prefrontal Cortical Inputs onto Rat Basolateral Amygdala Principal Neurons
Authors: McGinnis Molly M. , Parrish Brian C. , Chappell Ann M. , Alexander Nancy J. , McCool Brian A.
Published: September 2019

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA) have strong reciprocal connectivity. Projections from the BLA to the mPFC can drive innate, anxiety-related behaviors, but it is unclear whether reciprocal projections from the mPFC to BLA have similar roles. Here, we use optogenetics and chemogenetics to characterize the neurophysiological and behavioral alterations produced by chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal on dorsal mPFC (dmPFC) and ventral mPFC (vmPFC) medial prefrontal cortical terminals in the BLA. We exposed adult male Sprague Dawley rats to chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) using vapor chambers, measured anxiety-like behavior on the elevated zero maze, and used electrophysiology to record glutamatergic and GABAergic responses in BLA principal neurons. We found that withdrawal from a 7 d CIE exposure produced opposing effects at dmPFC (increased glutamate release) and vmPFC (decreased glutamate release) terminals in the BLA. Chemogenetic inhibition of dmPFC terminals in the BLA attenuated the increased anxiety-like behavior we observed during withdrawal. These data demonstrate that chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal strengthen the synaptic connections between the dmPFC and BLA but weakens the vmPFC–BLA pathway. Moreover, facilitation of the dmPFC–BLA pathway during withdrawal contributes to anxiety-like behavior. Given the opposing roles of dmPFC–BLA and vmPFC–BLA pathways in fear conditioning, our results suggest that chronic ethanol exposure simultaneously facilitates circuits involved in the acquisition of and diminishes circuits involved with the extinction of withdrawal-related aversive behaviors.
Fluorescence-Based Quantitative Synapse Analysis for Cell Type-Specific Connectomics
Authors: Kuljis Dika A. , Park Eunsol , Telmer Cheryl A. , Lee Jiseok , Ackerman Daniel S. , Bruchez Marcel P. , Barth Alison L.
Published: September 2019

Anatomical methods for determining cell type-specific connectivity are essential to inspire and constrain our understanding of neural circuit function. We developed genetically-encoded reagents for fluorescence-synapse labeling and connectivity analysis in brain tissue, using a fluorogen-activating protein (FAP)-coupled or YFP-coupled, postsynaptically-localized neuroligin-1 (NL-1) targeting sequence (FAP/YFPpost). FAPpost expression did not alter mEPSC or mIPSC properties. Sparse AAV-mediated expression of FAP/YFPpost with the cell-filling, red fluorophore dTomato (dTom) enabled high-throughput, compartment-specific detection of putative synapses across diverse neuron types in mouse somatosensory cortex. We took advantage of the bright, far-red emission of FAPpost puncta for multichannel fluorescence alignment of dendrites, FAPpost puncta, and presynaptic neurites in transgenic mice with saturated labeling of parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing neurons using Cre-reporter driven expression of YFP. Subtype-specific inhibitory connectivity onto layer 2/3 (L2/3) neocortical pyramidal (Pyr) neurons was assessed using automated puncta detection and neurite apposition. Quantitative and compartment-specific comparisons show that PV inputs are the predominant source of inhibition at both the soma and the dendrites and were particularly concentrated at the primary apical dendrite. SST inputs were interleaved with PV inputs at all secondary-order and higher-order dendritic branches. These fluorescence-based synapse labeling reagents can facilitate large-scale and cell-type specific quantitation of changes in synaptic connectivity across development, learning, and disease states.
Dopamine Acts via D2-Like Receptors to Modulate Auditory Responses in the Inferior Colliculus
Authors: Hoyt Jeffrey M. , Perkel David J. , Portfors Christine V.
Published: September 2019

The ability to understand speech relies on accurate auditory processing of complex sounds. Individuals with Parkinson’s disease suffer from speech perception deficits, suggesting that dopamine is involved in the encoding of complex sounds. Recent studies have demonstrated that dopamine has heterogeneous effects on the responses of many neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) of mice, although the strongest effect is to suppress neural activity. However, it was previously unknown which dopamine receptors are involved in modulating neuronal responses, and whether the observed preponderance of depressive effects reflects the endogenous dopamine system in the IC. In this study, we tested whether dopamine acts via D1- and/or D2-like receptors to alter responses of IC neurons in female and male mice. We also tested the effect of optogenetically induced dopamine release on auditory responses in the IC. We found that the effects of dopamine in the IC occur via D2-like receptors. In iontophoretic and freely behaving experiments, the single-unit and multi-unit effects of dopamine and a D2-like agonist were heterogeneous as both either increased or decreased responses of IC neurons to tones, while a D2-like antagonist had opposite effects. We also found that optogenetic activation of the endogenous dopamine system in the IC alters responses of auditory neurons. Similar to the effects of exogenous dopamine application, optogenetic induction of endogenous dopamine release heterogeneously altered auditory responses in the majority of cells in mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Understanding how dopamine modulates auditory processing will ultimately inform therapies targeting mechanisms underlying auditory-related communication disorders.