bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transition d’un système de carrière à système d’emploi au travers d’un modèle hybride (Modernisation de la fonction publique en Hongrie)
Authors: Hazafi Zoltan
Published: February 2017

La modernisation de la fonction publique hongroise, démarrée en 2010, se fonde sur une approche stratégique et complexe ainsi que sur un compromis entre les anciennes et les nouvelles valeurs. L’objectif stratégique est d’une part, le développement d’une carrière prévisible et attractive, et d’autre part, la mise en place d’une gestion des ressources humaines basée sur l’emploi. À première vue, les valeurs du modèle de carrière et celles de la gestion moderne des ressources humaines pourraient paraître contradictoires. Cependant, le système hybride caractérisant le régime juridique de la fonction publique hongroise peut combiner ces différentes valeurs en mettant l’emploi au centre de la gestion des ressources humaines. Par ailleurs, « l’hybridation » est non seulement l’une des spécificités de la fonction publique hongroise mais aussi celle de l‘évolution du contexte international.
The Public Participation in the Drafting of Legislation in Hungary
Authors: Vértesy László
Published: February 2017

The legitimacy of legislation is crucial for modern democracies. This paper provides a brief but detailed description and legal, quantitative analysis of this process, drawing attention to the most significant Hungarian techniques. According to the main provisions of Act CXXXI of 2010 on public participation in the drafting of legislation, public consultations are to be carried out within the framework of general or direct consultations. The general consultation is mandatory and open for the public, all draft bills, governmental decrees and ministerial decrees drafted by ministries are to be published on the Government’s webpage. The direct consultation is based on strategic partnerships between the relevant ministries and stakeholders, outstanding organisations. In Hungary, it is the responsibility of the minister competent to draft the legislation to open and conduct public consultation and to process the received comments. These mandatory and optional processes strengthen the legitimacy and the acceptance of legislation. As a consequence of this the legal provisions meet with the social requirements, and they can be applied as a best practice for other countries.
Evaluation of the effect of cooled EGR on knock of SI engine fueled with alternative gaseous fuels
Authors: Chaichan Miqdam
Published: February 2017

The warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as it is now evident from many observations. Most of the climatic warming caused by human activities; include in particular the burning of fossil fuels that generate the 'greenhouse' gases. The transport sector is one of the most important causes of the high levels of air pollution. Alternative gaseous fuels relates to a wide range of fuels that are in the gaseous state at ambient conditions, whether when used on their own or as components of mixtures with other fuels. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is one of the principal techniques used to control spark ignition NOx. However, EGR has different effect on performance, combustion, and emissions production that are difficult to distinguish.The knock characteristics in a single cylinder SI engine were investigated under high load operation and higher useful compression ratio with cooled EGR addition. Liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), natural gas (NG) and hydrogen gas were used as fuels. In this paper, practical analysis has been done to predict the influence of cooled EGR on engine knock by changing some operational and design parameters such as equivalence ratio, spark timing and compression ratio.
Predicting the Gender of the Kurdish Writers in Facebook
Authors: Ali Peshawa
Published: February 2017

Facebook is one of the social networks which have lots of users among Kurdish people. Although there are no formal or published statistics about the number of the Facebook users, in the last few years Facebook was the most used website among Kurdish society. This swift development of the Kurdish society towards Facebook imposes new challenges that need to be addressed. For example, a poem or an article published on Facebook possesses properties such as author name, gender, age, and nationality among others. In this paper the gender of Kurdish authors in Facebook determined by using a feed-forward artificial neural network model. 120 Facebook Kurdish written posts were used for learning the model designed to determine the gender of Kurdish writers in Facebook. The posts were taken from Facebook pages of different persons with different backgrounds. Twenty eight text features were extracted from each post; these features were distinct in discriminating between genders. The feed-forward back-propagation artificial neural network with three layers (28 nodes, 14 nodes, 1 node) is used as a classification technique. The accuracy ratio which based on the ten-fold technique (taking the average ratio among ten trials) obtained was 77.5 %. This proposed idea of this paper is important for detecting the real gender of Facebook page owners.
Soil temperature profile and its readiness for controlling buildings indoors Temperature at Erbil city – Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR)
Authors: Karim Tariq , Rasha Sirwan
Published: February 2017

Soil temperature varies both diurnally and seasonally and can determine the temperature gradient within the collector loops of the ground source heat pump. To study spatial and temporal variations of soil temperature besides investigating the possibility of using underground soil temperature of the region for the installation of ground heat exchange systems, the current study was conducted. Soil temperature was measured at two locations in Erbil city/ IKR during the period from November, 1st, 2012 to February, 28th, 2013 with temperature sensors inserted in the ground at different depths. . It has been observed that during January and February the soil temperature offered the highest and lowest fluctuations respectively and they were closely related to ambient air temperature. The results also indicated that soil temperature increased with increasing depth up to a depth of 3.5 m in most cases and thereafter started to decrease with increasing depth. Furthermore, it was shown that the reliability of soil temperature prediction from air temperature decreased with the increase in soil depth. Positive differences at a depth of 3.5 m February ranged from 13.73 to 21.56o C during the winter season from December to. The results can be valuable in planning for preheating system during the cold seasons.
Architectural language in Erbil Castle-An analytical study of systems engineering for residential Building in Erbil Castle
Authors: Aloomary Rana
Published: February 2017

Erbil castle is the oldest one among all in the area and is still inhabited. It is situated within the borders of Islamic architectural principles hence it lived in the same circumstances that governed the area as of cities in Turkey, Syria, Iran and the rest of Islamic cities. When the Islamic architecture characterized by architectural unit, the concept of Islam emerged carrying diversity in countries that added its Islamic architectural touch in a way that gave it its privacy and was not free from its rudiments that made it an architectural unit besides the concepts and vocabulary on which the system of relations and the construction engineering for the Islamic architecture are based. Therefore, the problem of research can be specified as: the ambiguity of the construction engineering for what is related to the system of relations and the desirable dimensions between the levels of one part and other parts in Erbil castle. The study will demonstrate this through the following hypotheses:

1. The existence of a construction engineering based on the system of relations and dimensions that determine the architectural samples in Erbil castle

2. The architectural samples in Erbil castle get unified through the engineering system between the levels of one part, other parts and the whole for the architectural formation in its diverse parts and criteria.
The Reference of architectural Identity of Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Aloomary Rana
Published: February 2017

Contemporary communities since nothing more than identity satisfies the individual's quest to achieve his global existence through his belonging to a large unit that embraces him. Since architecture is the civilized expressive outcome of community's ideology, identity has been the subject for many studies and research, and has been studied and researched by many philosophers and critics from different perspectives. Since the concept of identity tackles different knowledge fields, it has added a diverse impression on our contemporary architecture in general and in Kurdistan in specific and is characterized by constant change impacted by technical, economical, political and social factors. The exposure of Kurdistan to the effect of economic expansion and the development of technology, mass media, and communication had an effect on the existence of an architectural style characterized by rapid change. This caused first governing the architectural shape resulted from frequent ideology and the different expressions of considerations to our environment (and this is through the international modern trend). The governing of west civilization increased in all domains architecture being one of them to the extent that it controlled the privacy of architecture. From this point, the research came to show the architectural identity in Kurdistan Region.
The impact of modern educational curriculum to design the secondary schools
Authors: M. Banaz
Published: February 2017

The reality of the expected developments and changes in the aims, philosophy of education, curriculums and the use of modern teaching aids technologies, make the review and evaluation of schools design the more necessary, and this ultimately will lead to their redesign. The suitable school building could be defined as that space that provide a good environment to all educational curriculums, and that which contribute to the building up of students personality. A good curriculum together with a good design will help in implanting a positive sense of values and creativity in the students. The aim of the design of secondary schools building is the provision of a suitable number of classroom spaces, laboratories and other functions that fulfill the requirements of any teaching syllabus (program), because the progress and development in the educational process requires saving the appropriate education, curricula and advanced design school procession with the modern development of the age.The final conclusions and recommendations to the research and the final results that were reached confirmed the research hypothesis and defined the remedial design criteria and the preparation of the functional program to the present and future design and according to present modern curriculum.

The recommendations emphasized the necessity of adopting new designs that fulfill the avers standards, according to modern curriculum for secondary schools instead of present design which proved to be unable to meet the requirements of modern curriculum of the various types of teaching spaces and it also emphasized the necessity to redesign the outside spaces and to consider them of on importance to the modern curriculum.
The Relationship Between The Creation Abilities and Architectural Design Process- Students of Department of Architecture at University of Sulaimany as a Case study
Authors: Ali Alan , Ali Chro
Published: February 2017

Creating is one of the needs of the mental and physical creation, and architectural design has the intercommunication between science and creation to reach student to the creative level especially in architectural design, this research study the creation abilities for students of the architectural engineering department, 1st level at University of Sulaimani threw the Torrance Measurement. The study reaches to the strong relationship between the creation abilities and architectural design studying, the creation ability comes through, flexibility, originality, fluency and elaboration. The study consist on the importance of the improvement of the creation abilities and the factors that effect on creating in architectural design studying.
Evaluation of the Social Interaction in the Opening Spaces in the New Housing Project (Sulaimani City as a Case Study)
Authors: Ali Alan
Published: February 2017

This research study the evaluation of open spaces in housing projects in Sulaimani city, threw an analytical study for the vertical and mixed housing projects and comparing with the planning and design standards for open spaces and its effect on social intercommunication and reaction, especially after the increasing of the numbers of housing units and projects and the increasing of the need for these projects and the encouraging of (KRG) and local government for vertical housing projects. Thus the planning and design of the housing projects were differently deals with the areas of open spaces, that’s for the research studies the open spaces and green areas in housing projects and its effect on social reaction and the level of these projects. In theoretical part the research study the understood of opens paces and the factors the effect on social reaction and, In practical part the research study the vertical housing projects in sulaimani city and the level of social reaction, the study conclude that the housing projects in Sulaimany city deals with the open spaces in different ways and the levels of social reaction are different because of the investment policies and the non-completed of the city master plan, depending on the factor of attracting clients in these projects.
The Impact of the Distribution Mechanism of University Seats Courses on Spatial Justice Achievement within the Region Case Study: Faculty of Engineering - Sulaimani University/ Silaimani Province – Kurdistan - Region of Iraq
Authors: Jalal Shazad
Published: February 2017

The urban system in the Sulaimani Province is characterized the continuation of spatial dominance of Sulaimani city, since more than three decades and yet. And demonstrated that the application of the Zapf’s rule on the population of the ten largest urban centres, with comparing them by different time series. The phenomenon of dominance Has reflected picking all that is desirable in the province injustice spatially, through harvesting of students of the city for most of the seats at the Faculty of Engineering - University of Sulaimani (a desired college) by proportion more than twice the proportion of the population of the city at the expense of students who live outside the city within the province . The research the use of descriptive and analytical methodologies proved a variation in the percentage of getting those seats of the faculty by male students more than females by the largest proportion outside the city, as well as the high level of male education and increases the graduation rate as well. And appeared that male domination of accept in college took retreat in favour of females in the last decade of college life, especially in the last four years. And the continued application of the central mechanism of acceptance in higher education, are rendered to the result which that a continuation of the regional variation between the Sulaimani city and areas beyond it within the Province. As this mechanism help in the formulation of structuring technical staff (Engineering) of the city more regularly with compared to areas beyond it, and increase the speed direction of the development process in the rhythm is very different with the line of general development in the province. That caused the disturbance of balance in spatial justice towards the city’s benefit within the Province, due to the presence of continuation slowing down of spatial development in outside areas of the city.
The urban existence of Baghdad city between the effect of the provisions of the construction of jurisprudence and Contemporary Urban legislation
Authors: Ali Amjed
Published: February 2017

The ruling mechanism of the urban environment Arabic Islamic cities in the past differs from similar current ones, for the affairs of urbanism and constructions, in those cities, were mainly administrated through the system of "religions legislations"(Feqqh) that used to run all aspects of life in a total state of equilibrium, this system, which re gave birth to a highly distinct homogeneous environment conveying not only the needs and requirements of its occupants, but also their culture and ambitions. Growing , interactionally, with their customs , ethics and values.

In the current urban- environment, substantial change has accrued at the legislational system that runs and controls the affairs of the urban construction extended to cover the roots and shoots, most of which were imported or inspired from a different environment, which a different kind of constants and variables of those of the local environment, This has led to multi-level controversial and negative aspects, troubled the occupants of the current cities and towns, and that was the main problem of this research.

This study aimed to convey a picture of the reality of Baghdad city under the system that used to run its constructional affairs previously - religions legislations and law - and take it as a base of view, to look through it to the reality of the Arab Islamic city of today under current constructional legislations, and this study shown the main urban problems and the extent of the participation of these constructional legislations in the said problems, taking the capital of Baghdad as a realistic case of study for the current Arabian-Islamic city; documenting some of its aspects and questioner a section of its inhabitants; to know their points of view concerning the problems they face and their causes, to conduct a general comparing between the most important features of the traditional and current environments, each under its special legislations. This study showed the most important urban problems caused by that “contemporary” legislation, and also showed the presence of considerable support in the study area for the point of view of jurisprudence legislation in urban issues, as opposed to the perspective of contemporary urban legislation.
The Influence of Society's Cultural Aspects on Mosques' Architectural Symbolism-The Mosques Built Between “1970-1990” in Erbil city as Case study
Authors: Ali Amjed , Qadir Vian
Published: February 2017

There are spiritual and physical symbolic values of the mosques architecture. From the birth of Islam mosque architecture appeared in a simple form but with a spiritual symbolic value, then the mosque architecture developed as Islam spread in various regions and some new elements have been added for the functional needs and numerous styles of mosques appeared as a result in the diversity of identity and culture of each region. The research discusses that symbolism is one of the cultural aspects as it is one of the humane needs which rectifies society’s identity. On the other hand the evolution of mosque architecture mentions that new elements were added for utilitarian need and lasted a period which became symbols for the mosque buildings as well, then it sheds light on the interpretation of mosque architecture with other regions that resulted in various styles of mosque architecture. Therefore, the symbolism of mosque architecture could be obtained through two points one from its key symbolic elements and the other from its relation with local architecture. Thus, the research started to search and seeks to find the reasons for lacking a known local style of mosques in Erbil city, and the lack of symbolism in them. They even have been built in such a way that contrasted with some of the Islamic regulations. The research takes the factor of "cultural aspects" as an effective factor on appearing these kinds of mosques. The research concludes that removing some elements in the mosque building which most of them has a desirable symbolic value and besides that neglecting local architecture in the design of mosques led to lose symbolism in the mosque buildings in Erbil city. Thus, a large ratio of the architects could not recognize the mosque buildings as compared to some other buildings. The thesis sheds light on the cultural background of the society (governmental parties, architects, clients, etc.) that have a distinct effect on the symbolism ratio of the mosque buildings, unlike the project cost has a little bit influence, as most of the mosques which were built by the governmental parties have low symbolic value in spite of not having problems in the cost budget. The thesis concludes another important point which is the characteristics of the site (orientation, area and number of elevations) have a positive relation with the symbolism ratio of mosque, so the research recommends governmental parties and architects to take these points into consideration in the design of mosque buildings.
The Effect of Conventional and Digital Drawing Tools on Imagination in Architectural Design Education
Authors: Ali Amjed , Himdad Hawar
Published: February 2017

This research investigates the effects of digital drawing tools on imagination in comparison to the conventional drawing tools within the educational frame of architectural design. The significance of this study lays in the critique on the utilization of different digital drawing tools in the educational frame, seeking to find the main effects the different types of tools have on students' imagination. This study has taken imagination faculty as factor since the highest level of mental abilities is found in this specific faculty and design students cannot permit any obstacle in front of their imagination design capabilities. The problem upon which this study is based, beside the fact that the digital technology is a dialectic issue in the educational framework, its effects are also unknown as far as the students' imagination capacities are concerned. The case study involved the comparison between two groups; one group relying strongly on digital tools while the other depends merely on conventional tools, herein are students' imagination capacities as well as drawing capabilities investigated. Also the teaching staff opinions were taken from each student group by means of a questionnaire. This study has found that there is a positive relationship between drawing and imagination capabilities. And students using conventional drawing tools merely have higher imagination capabilities score as well as drawing capabilities score according to a test and evaluation form designed specifically for this study. The majority of teaching staff found that students with higher capabilities in drawing by conventional tools encompass also higher capability in imagination.
Augmenting the Hadba Minaret Role as A Landmark in the city of Mosul
Authors: Alomary Ahmed , Alqimaqche Nahedh , Alallaf Emad
Published: February 2017

Al-Hadba, the oblique Minaret of the historic Grand Mosque is considered as the famous and the most important landmark in the old town of Mosul as it is the oldest architectural monument which have been built in 568 AH – 1172 AC. Till now, as a visual landmark of 45 meters height, it is the icon that gives the city its identity across nine centuries, which represents as an obvious indicator for orienting the direction of inhabitants movements in the old built fabric from remote distance, and as a component of this environment, it is characterized as a vital value for the visual views those can be seen through alleys that lead to the Grand Mosque, consequently, presenting richness, continuity and variety for such visual scenes. As a result of disorder of urban built, random buildings, unconsidered planning decisions, and the lack of prior urban design dimension which gives the Minaret its importance to the surrounding areas of the mosque, all that led to reduce the Minaret role as an urban landmark, besides creating vision coverage that prevented the Minaret from being as a visual mark. This paper attempts to study all visual districts in Mosul city in which the Minaret currently can be seen through alleys, in any viewpoint, direction and skyline with determining the built constructions that cover or reduce the visual sight toward the Minaret, evaluating the extent and level of its perception as a landmark on pedestrians level, identifying the best visual positions in the sequence, and presenting urban recommendations about how to improve the Minaret role as a monumental landmark in the city.
Effect of Yttria Content up to 15wt% on Mechanical Properties of Al-Y2O3 Composites Prepared Via Squeeze Casting and Powder Metallurgy Routes
Authors: Mahdi Farouk , Annaz Abd-Ulkader
Published: February 2017

In this study Al - (0-15 wt %) Y2O3 composites were prepared by both squeeze casting and powder metallurgy routes. It was found throughout this work that Vickers microhardness, compressive yield strength and wear resistance increase continuously with increasing Yttria content up to 15wt% despite the preparing method. Powder metallurgy composites showed higher hardness and compressive strength compared with those of squeeze casting. On the other hand, both squeeze casting, at squeeze pressure of 15 and 20 MPa, and powder metallurgy routes gave approximate wear rates except that of pure aluminum where squeeze casting specimens showed much lower wear rates than those of powder metallurgy. It was also found that squeeze pressure has great effect on grain refining and Chinese script microstructure evolution. XRD patterns reveal high level of harmful oxides and intermetallic compounds in squeeze casting composites as compared with those prepared by powder metallurgy technique.
Variations of Major Ionic Composition and Salinity of Tigris River within Iraq
Authors: Al-Shujairi Sabah , Sulaiman Sadeq , Najemalden Mohamed
Published: February 2017

Major ions are widely used to identify the hydrochemical and hydrological characteristic of water to assess water quality. Major ions compositions (Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+1, K+1, Cl-1, SO4-2, [HCO3]-1 and [CO3]-2), pH and salinity (TDS) of water in Tigris river were studied to explore the spatial and temporal variations. Six stations (Fishkhapor, Tikrit, Baghdad, Kut, Emarah and Qurna) along river stretch within Iraq were selected to collect samples of water during the period from January 2011 to December 2012 with one month interval. The major ions in Tigris River showed significant spatial variations (p < 0.05), while there is no significant temporal variation. Calcium, sodium and magnesium were the most abundant cations with mean concentrations of 52-95 mg/l, 20-217 mg/l and 22-65 mg/l respectively. Sulfate, bicarbonates and chloride were the most abundant major anions, and its average ranged from 111-432 mg/l, from 151 to 159 mg/l and from 18 to 283 mg/l respectively. Generally, the concentration values of major ions were slightly higher in wet season than those in dry season for the first three stations (Fishkhapor, Tikrit and Baghdad), while the values were far higher for the last three stations (Kut, Emarah and Qurna) due to increasing surface runoff, return irrigation water flow and salinity of soil. Major ions distribution along Tigris River as showed by piper and stiff diagram exhibit different pattern of distributions. The water type changed from calcium- bicarbonate at first two stations (Fishkhapor-Tikrit) into calcium- sulfate at middle two stations (Baghdad-Kut), after that changed into sodium- sulfate at the last two stations (Emarah-Qurna). Changes in water type of the Tigris river indicating the increasing effects of geologic formations downstream direction as well as human activities increasing. Generally, the salinity (TDS) of Tigris water increases downstream where average (TDS) values of the Tigris water at the Turkish Iraqi border (Fishkhapor) is about 300 mg/L and it reaches (as average) more than 1300 mg/L in Basra (Qurna). The variations in salinity exhibit three river sections in terms of salt content (TDS): an upper (northern) section (Fishkhapor-Tikrit), where the initial low salt content is maintained or increased slightly downstream; a middle section (Baghdad-Kut), where the dissolved salt variation is more significant; and a lower (southern) section (Emarah-Qurna), where salt content increased to high levels. The nature of these trends changes is related to the geologic formations that the river passes through, increasing in evaporation rate and increasing human activities.
Panorama da Pesquisa Científica sobre Accountability nas Relações de Consumo no Brasil no Período de 2004 a 2014
Authors: Luz Brenda Carvalho , Campos Gabriel Moreira
Published: February 2017

Este artigo buscou estudar o problema de pesquisa enunciado pela questão: Qual o panorama da pesquisa científica sobre accountability nas relações de consumo no Brasil de 2004 a 2014? A pesquisa tem como objetivo a investigação do contexto de artigos publicados sobre o tema accountability nas relações de consumo, em congressos e periódicos científicos nacionais no período de 2004 a 2014. Para responder à questão de pesquisa, a base de publicações foi inicialmente composta por 189 artigos científicos publicados em periódicos nacionais e eventos científicos da área de Ciências Contábeis. Resultados foram obtidos por meio da busca eletrônica em seus respectivos sites, usando como critério para a coleta de dados, a ocorrência de palavras julgadas adequadas para o tema em questão (accountability, sustentabilidade, transparência, consumo e consumidor), porém, nem todos os estudos se encaixaram no problema em tela, restando uma amostra final de 35 artigos. Os resultados indicam o seguinte: há maior concentração de publicações no período entre 2009 e 2013, a maioria dos trabalhos tem como área temática sustentabilidade e transparência, a maior parte deles é de natureza descritiva, predominam (80%) estudos de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, há maior ocorrência de autores (89%) com um artigo publicado, aproximadamente 65% dos artigos possui 2 e 3 autores cada e, os periódicos Sociedade Contabilidade e Gestão, Revista Brasileira de Gestão e Negócios e Revista de Contabilidade do Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis da UERJ são os mais prolíficos. Sugere-se, para futuras pesquisas, a realização de pesquisas sobre teorias que melhor expliquem o fenômeno da accountability nas relações de consumo e sobre a aparente divergência entre a prática e o que é divulgado por empresas, no tocante às relações de consumo no Brasil.
O DILEMA DO PEQUENO INVESTIDOR PERANTE AS ALTERNATIVAS CONSERVADORAS DE MERCADO: TÍTULOS PÚBLICOS VERSUS FUNDOS REFERENCIADOS DI
Authors: Graça Wallace Gomes , Januzzi Flávia Vital , Soares Fabrício Pereira
Published: February 2017

Com uma análise centrada no pequeno investidor conservador, o presente trabalho possui como objetivo avaliar alternativas para aplicação além da tão difundida poupança. Especificamente, buscou-se comparar, em um determinado período, aplicação em títulos públicos com aplicação em fundo de investimento conservador. Para tal foi pesquisado o melhor fundo de investimento varejo Referenciado DI para o ano de 2013, através do ranking dos 1000 melhores fundos do para o ano de 2013 segundo a revista EXAME. Como resultado, observou-se que a aplicação em títulos públicos para o período analisado foi mais atrativa (em termos de rentabilidade líquida) para o pequeno investidor em comparação com o fundo analisado, desde de que se vendesse os títulos antes do vencimento conforme as datas estabelecidas para a análise (19/12/2012 e 16/10/2013). A principal conclusão extraída de tal estudo é que, o investidor deve analisar suas alternativas de aplicação e considerar custos, principalmente quando deseja construir uma carteira que mescle recursos de renda fixa e variável. Outra recomendação é saber qual seu objetivo com o investimento, principalmente os conservadores, que na grande maioria só conhecem a poupança como forma de acumular recursos. Como grande contribuição busca-se oferecer para o leitor uma visão sobre estratégias de investimento em títulos públicos no contexto de mudanças na taxa básica de juros, auxiliando na melhor gestão do seu recurso e na ampliação do seu bem-estar no longo prazo. Pretende-se desmistificar a visão de que fundos de investimento ofertados para o varejo sempre são a melhor alternativa de aplicação.
Conselhos Gestores de Saúde no Brasil: uma meta-análise da produção científica a partir da 12ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde em 2003
Authors: Filho Reinaldo Antônio Bastos , Cunha Wellington Alvim da , Oliveira Adriel Rodrigues de
Published: February 2017

Um novo momento histórico na gestão pública brasileira se inicia a partir da posse do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (Lula) em 2003. Nesse contexto é realizado em Brasília, em dezembro do mesmo ano, a 12ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde, evento considerado um marco para o fortalecimento do controle social frente às políticas públicas de saúde. Como resultado dessa mudança de gestão, a participação popular no governo federal deixa de ser mera formalidade e passa a ser uma ação política concreta. A partir de tais mudanças, utilizando-se da meta-análise como método, este trabalho examina um conjunto de publicações referentes a Conselhos de Saúde, com vistas a sistematizar seus focos principais e identificar os períodos e os meios nos quais houve maior concentração de publicações na área, além de apontar os objetivos, metodologias e palavras-chave que mais foram utilizados a partir desse período. Para tanto, foram usados os filtros Spell, Google acadêmico e SciELO, com o intuito de pesquisar todos os artigos publicados entre 2003 e 2013 que se tratavam da temática de Conselhos de Saúde. Tendo em vista o exposto, o objetivo do trabalho é investigar o que está sendo abordado nessas publicações, buscando compreender quais as preocupações mais comuns no meio acadêmico no que se refere aos Conselhos de Saúde, bem como detectar quais as metodologias, objetivos e palavras-chaves utilizados, e também em quais períodos e revistas se detectou maior número de publicações e, por fim, expor as principais constatações acerca desse conjunto de materiais.
RELAÇÕES ORGANIZACIONAIS NO CONTEXTO DE UMA COOPERATIVA MÉDICA: ADOÇÃO E RESISTÊNCIA QUANTO AO USO DE TI
Authors: Filenga Douglas , Vieira Almir Martins
Published: February 2017

Embora a Tecnologia de Informação (TI) seja, em tempos atuais, um pressuposto organizacional, há diferentes níveis à adoção e à aceitação de seu uso pelas pessoas. Neste trabalho, investiga-se a gestão de TI em serviços médicos objetivando descrever os negócios na Era Digital e seus impactos no relacionamento humano. Analisa-se, na relação entre médico e paciente, fatores para aceitação e uso de TI. A postura metodológica assumida perpassa por uma abordagem qualitativa, via pesquisa exploratória baseada em estudo de caso. Os resultados revelam alto nível de integração eletrônica em certos processos mas, ao mesmo tempo, significativa resistência, tanto por médicos como por pacientes, à adoção e ao uso de TI durante as consultas médicas.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO CONTROLE INTERNO NA AVALIAÇÃO DAS DESPESAS PÚBLICAS DA JUSTIÇA FEDERAL DE RORAIMA
Authors: Nascimento Caio Felipe , Hoffmann Eslei , Ferreira Max André de Araújo , Da Costa Filho Francisco Carlos
Published: February 2017

O controle interno como órgão responsável por estabelecer os procedimentos adotados no âmbito de uma instituição contribui na prevenção da ocorrência de erros e fraudes, sendo estes corrigidos quando necessários. Desta forma, este artigo versará sobre os conceitos e objetivos de uma Unidade de Controle Interno, as legislações aplicadas a ele, sua importância na Administração Pública, bem como sua atuação na execução das despesas públicas geradas, tendo como base as atividades da Unidade de Controle Interno da Justiça Federal de Roraima. Como metodologia, foi utilizada para a construção do presente artigo, consulta de livros, artigos e legislações que regulamentam os trabalhos do objeto de estudo, bem como, utilização de questionários com servidores da Unidade de Controle Interno da Justiça Federal de Roraima. Neste sentido o artigo versará sobre como o controle interno da Justiça Federal de Roraima atua no processo de avaliar a realização das despesas públicas geradas pelo referido órgão.
Logística Interna dos Grandes Varejistas de materiais de Construção em Santarém – Pará, 2014
Authors: D'Andrea Fernando Monteiro , Cezar Andreia Portela , Da Silva Edilene Teixeira
Published: February 2017

A Logística Interna é de fundamental importância e deve ser cuidadosamente trabalhada dentro das organizações, pois é muito abrangente e tem forte impacto nos resultados globais. Esta trata das movimentações, armazenagem, manuseio, layout, identificação e endereçamento dos produtos dentro da empresa. Para que isso funcione adequadamente é necessária a existência de responsáveis pela logística. Optou-se por estudar o tema nos grandes varejistas de materiais de construção em Santarém, na Amazônia, afim de observar a relação teoria-prática. O trabalho busca compreender como funciona a Logística Interna dos grandes varejistas de materiais de construção em Santarém em 2014. Verificando junto aos responsáveis de logística das empresas pesquisadas como a logística interna está organizada. Utilizou-se uma Pesquisa Bibliográfica e de Campo, com abordagem qualitativa, com entrevista padronizada, as respostas foram analisadas e organizadas. Conclui-se que quatro das cinco empresas pesquisadas, possuem uma logística interna razoavelmente estruturada, na qual utilizam boa parte dos conceitos defendidos na teoria, além de usarem a aprendizagem adquirida por experiência de mercado. No entanto, a outra parte pesquisada, apesar de ser de grande porte, não usa conceitos e ferramentas adequadas para um melhor gerenciamento da logística interna. Modernamente, os métodos decisórios das empresas devem ser cautelosamente estudados, analisando o contexto, para que se diminuam os riscos para a empresa, neste cenário a Logística Interna dos varejistas de materiais de construção tem papel fundamental para a tomada de decisão, pois, sem planejamento adequado, poderá ser ineficiente, causando problemas para a empresa como um todo.
Evidências de retornos anormais nos processos de IPO na Bovespa
Authors: Silva José Milton Almeida da , Sales George André Willrich , Tsuruta Maurício , Nakamura Wilson Toshiro
Published: February 2017

O objetivo da pesquisa foi detectar anomalias na precificação das ações nos processos de IPO no mercado de capitais brasileiro. A metodologia aplicada foi um estudo de evento para a mensuração de possíveis retornos anormais de ações, resultantes de períodos temporais (diário, mensal, semestral e anual) de um total de 91 IPOs, realizados entre 2007 e 2013. Os resultados empíricos apresentaram evidências de sobrevalorização nos preços das ações no primeiro dia de negociação, com retornos anormais de 2,82% acima do Ibovespa em média, o que indica o Underpricing. Os retornos anormais médios acumulados, excluído o 1° dia, não foram observados para o período da pesquisa, sugerindo que, após o primeiro dia de negociação, as ações mantiveram um comportamento coerente com o Ibovespa. Os números evidenciam relevantes ganhos de valor nas ações analisadas no período de um dia de oferta, desde que o investidor os realize no primeiro dia de negociação em bolsa, tanto em termos econômicos quanto em nível de significância estatística. Adicionalmente, não há evidências, com significância estatística, do fenômeno da Underperformance no período.
Análise da Judicialização do Direito à Saúde, Subfinanciamento do setor e Políticas Públicas: Estudo de Caso no Estado de Alagoas
Authors: Macêdo Dartagnan Ferreirra de , Ataide João Antônio da Rocha , Costa Antonio Carlos Silva , Souza Waldemar Antonio da Rocha de , Santa Rita Luciana Peixoto
Published: February 2017

As demandas judiciais referentes à exigência do cumprimento do Direito Universal à Saúde, conforme prevê a Constituição Federal de 1988, aumentaram nos últimos anos. Também se registra que o financiamento público do setor é insuficiente para abarcar a abrangência do texto constitucional, decorrente de limites orçamentários para a implementação das políticas de saúde. Este artigo objetivou analisar o processo de judicialização da saúde, observando as implicações e impactos para a Administração Pública e, especificamente, para a gestão de políticas públicas. Para tanto, organizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de estudo de caso, analisando os dados referentes à judicialização e aos gastos da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Alagoas (SESAU). Contatou-se uma evolução das solicitações judiciais, principalmente buscando acesso a medicamentos, mediante ações da Defensoria Pública e Ministério Público, e que os gastos ultrapassaram 100 milhões de reais, entre 2009 e 2014. Desta forma, apesar das tentativas de minimização do impacto gerado, com a criação de um Núcleo Interinstitucional objetivando mitigar os efeitos da judicialização, é necessário implementar políticas públicas de saúde para a coletividade e avaliar a eficiência e efetividade das existentes. Contudo, ilustrou-se o subfinanciamento e a gestão ineficaz do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), dificultando a operacionalização das alternativas de soluções.
La racionalidad de la ponderación en la argumentación constitucional
Authors: Mocoroa Juan
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se defiende una forma de eludir la objeción de que la ponderación es irracional. Para esto, se sostiene que ella debe entenderse como una simple “estructura formal” para el análisis de decisiones judiciales dictadas en casos de conflictos de derechos. Sin embargo, eso no implica que en este ámbito no existan posibilidades para la discrecionalidad y los juicios subjetivos.
Bioética e investigación: análisis de caso de la epidemia por el virus del ébola en 2014
Authors: Pinto Boris Julian , Gómez Córdoba Ana Isabel , Wintaco Luz Maira , Amador Diana Patricia , González Germán Andrés , Carabalí Mary Lilián , Ararat Sarria Mónica , Olaya Nury Natalia , Patiño Luz Helena , Sanabria Alfredo José
Published: February 2017

La epidemia por el virus Ébola en África occidental (2014) ha suscitado una serie de interrogantes éticos en torno a las medidas de salud pública para su contención, el uso de medicamentos experimentales y el desarrollo de vacunas contra esta enfermedad. El presente trabajo explora algunas de estas preguntas desde la perspectiva de la ética en investigación biomédica. La epidemia por el virus Ébola es un modelo de estudio adecuado para abordar esfuerzos multilaterales en investigación, así como para analizar aspectos antropológicos en salud pública y determinantes sociales, económicos y políticos en salud a nivel global.
3D Food Printing in Museum Makerspaces: Creative Reinterpretation of Heritage
Authors: Antlej Kaja , Leen Robert , Russo Angelina
Published: February 2017

In recent years, studies into the production of food have broadened to include design and design methods. At the same time 3D food printing (3DFP) is emerging as a viable technology for the production of consumer quality edible products. While advances in 3DFP are witnessed weekly, its use in the context of museums has yet to be explored in depth. In this paper we propose that the museum can be used as a laboratory for engaging audiences in new/creative food production and resultant reinterpretations of heritage through their makerspaces. We explore how a traditional cuisine could be used to inspire younger generations to explore STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and, vice versa, how technology enthusiasts could be motivated to explore culinary heritage by preparing food with digital fabricators. This paper reports on the initial research undertaken with the Slovenian diasporic group in Australia. Our results from the in-depth interviews demonstrated that making traditional desserts present a challenge for younger generation. Thus it was decided that a potica cake would be chosen as a test case for engagement with heritage through creative 3DFP. Non-edible 3D printed visual prototypes of a jelly cake with a secret message were also trialled. Our research output offers a suitable case study for the central premise that the museum can be used as a laboratory for engaging audiences in creative food production.
3D Printing of Food for People with Swallowing Difficulties
Authors: Kouzani Abbas Z. , Adams Scott , J. Whyte Daniel , Oliver Russell , Hemsley Bronwyn , Palmer Stuart , Balandin Susan
Published: February 2017

Dysphagia affects many people worldwide. Modifying foods to standard consistencies, and manual design and assembly of foods for the daily requirements of people with dysphagia is challenging. People with dysphagia may develop a dislike for pureed foods due to the unattractiveness of the appearance of the foods, the lack of variety in daily meals, and the diluted taste of meals. Three-dimensional (3D) food printing is emerging as a method for making foods for people with special mealtime needs. Very few efforts have been made to apply 3D food printing to improving the lives of people with special mealtime needs such as those with dysphagia. This paper presents the design and 3D printing of visually appetizing pureed foods for people with dysphagia with high consistency and repeatability. A tuna fish involving pureed tuna (protein), pureed pumpkin (fruit), and pureed beetroot (vegetable) is designed and then 3D printed. The steps involved in the design of tuna fish, preparation of purees, and printing of tuna fish are described. The obtained results are presented, and the findings of this research work are discussed.
Advanced auricular prosthesis development by 3D modelling and multi-material printing
Authors: Mohammed Mazher Iqbal , Tatineni Joseph , Cadd Brenton , Peart Greg , Gibson Ian
Published: February 2017

We investigate the use of medical imaging, digital design and 3D printing technologies as a viable means of reproducing a person’s anatomy, with the intension of producing a working, patient specific prosthesis. This approach offers several advantages over traditional techniques, as data capture is non-intrusive, models can be made using quantitative methodologies, design iterations can be digitally stored for future reproduction, and additive manufacturing ensures no loss of quality when converting the digital model into a physical part. We also present a combined model segmentation with multi-material printing approach to increase the colour complexity of the final model. When combined with multi-material printing using elastic materials, our approach provides a comprehensive strategy to accurately realising mimic of both skin pigmentation and the tactile feel of human tissues. Ultimately, we believe our approach provides an innovative strategy for prosthesis production which could have considerable potential for implementation in a clinical setting.
Authenticity in Product Development
Authors: Kristav Per , Diegel Olaf
Published: February 2017

We are told that ‘authenticity’ is what todays customers want. In this study, industrial designers have been interviewed about authenticity. Understanding the concept of authenticity, from a product development and industrial design point of view, is seen as an important way to understand how value, relevant to customers and consumers, may be added to products. This paper concludes that the nebulousness of the concept of authenticity renders it ineffective as a standalone tool for developing new products. Once on the market authenticity can, however, be seen as a factor that may determine the success or failure of a product. Authenticity may possibly not be a guarantee determinant of market success. However, it may be an analytical tool in determining market failure in retrospect. No product developer may ever rely on a given recipe that will always deliver ‘authenticity’ to the market. But if market and customer input is valid and reliable in the early research phase of the development of a product, then designers may be more inclined to use authenticity as an effective design influencer.