bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FISIOTERAPIA E SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR NO BRASIL
Authors: Walsh Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de , Bertoncello Dernival , Lima Jéssica Carvalho
Published: August 2019

Várias iniciativas da sociedade brasileira vêm procurando avançar nas políticas públicas de atenção integral em Saúde do Trabalhador e o maior avanço foi o reconhecimento constitucional como área contida no âmbito da saúde pública. No entanto, os obstáculos ainda são grandes. Os recursos materiais e quadro de pessoal capacitado ainda é insuficiente e os indicadores nacionais colocam o país em situação crítica em relação às nações socialmente mais desenvolvidas. Nesse sentido, cabe a reflexão respeito da atuação da Fisioterapia nesse campo. Entre as especialidades fisioterapêuticas, a Saúde do Trabalhador e Ergonomia vêm aumentando em relevância, com um crescente número de profissionais atuando nessa área. As Resoluções do Conselho Federal de Fisioterapia e Terapia ocupacional forneceram clareza sobre os papéis dos fisioterapeutas dentro desta especialidade, mas ainda há muito a percorrer para que, cada vez mais, essa área de atuação seja reconhecida pelas empresas, governo, sociedade e, principalmente, pelos trabalhadores, foco dessa atuação. Os órgãos representantes da categoria e as Instituições de Ensino Superior têm papel importante para divulgar, explicitar melhor a área e trabalhar mais as disciplinas relacionadas à saúde do trabalhador, bem como conduzir esses profissionais ao que lhes cabe realizar nessa área.
ALINHAMENTO POSTURAL DA COLUNA NO PLANO SAGITAL DE CRIANÇAS EUTRÓFICAS E ACIMA DO PESO EM FASE PRÉ-ESCOLAR E ESCOLAR: ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL
Authors: Camargo Mariana Zingari , Fujisawa Dirce Shizuko
Published: August 2019

Introdução: A identificação precoce das alterações posturais e de fatores agravantes se faz necessária para que a criança mantenha o alinhamento adequado. Objetivos: Descrever e caracterizar o alinhamento postural da coluna vertebral, em plano sagital, de crianças da fase pré-escolar à escolar. Dois estudos foram desenvolvidos: (1) caracterizar a postura da cabeça, cervical e ombros; (2) avaliar o alinhamento da coluna torácica e lombar e oscilação de tronco, no plano sagital, de crianças eutróficas e acima do peso corporal. Métodos: Em ambos estudos, a amostra foi de 99 crianças, as avaliações realizadas em dois momentos, fase pré-escolar (cinco e seis anos) e escolar (de oito a onze anos). As avaliações foram por meio de análise antropométrica e fotogrametria computadorizada. As variáveis angulares e lineares avaliadas por meio da fotogrametria foram: ângulo sagital da cabeça, ângulo cervical, ângulo dos ombros, distância da cabeça, ângulo oscilação de tronco, ângulo torácico e ângulo lombar. Resultados: No primeiro estudo, diferenças foram encontradas entre as fases pré-escolar e escolar, mas apenas as variáveis ângulo do ombro (AO) e distância da cabeça (DC) foram significantes (AO = 32,79 [30,49 – 35,09] e 35,84 [33,53 – 38,15] p = 0,026, respectivamente; DC = 8,40 [8,07 – 8,73] e 11,23 [10,94 -11,52] p <0,001, respectivamente). A correlação positiva foi obtida entre a distância da cabeça e massa corporal (rho= 0,597, p <0,001). No segundo estudo, foram identificadas diferenças entre os grupos eutrófico e acima do peso, na fase escolar, para as variáveis ângulo torácico-AT(206,07±7,31 e 211,63±5,68; p<0,001) e ângulo lombar-AL (104,32±7,93 e 97,13±9,32; p<0,001). Observou-se que os valores obtidos de AT e AL dos escolares sofreram influência na postura dos pré-escolares. Conclusão: Os estudos desenvolvidos identificaram a presença de alterações no alinhamento postural. As alterações foram no posicionamento da cabeça, da cervical e dos ombros entre as crianças nas fases pré-escolar e escolar, apresentando cabeça anteriorizada e ombros protusos. Também foram identificadas alterações significantes nas regiões torácica e lombar da coluna em escolares com excesso de peso corporal, evidenciando hipercifose torácica e hiperlordose lombar.
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Konsep Redoks dan Elektrolisis dengan Model Discovery Learning pada Siswa Kelas XII MIPA 1 SMAN 12 Banjarmasin
Authors: Saidah Saidah
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dengan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning pada mata pelajaran Kimia melalui kegiatan laboratorium pada Konsep Redoks dan Elektrolisis dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa dan hasil belajar kelas XII MIPA 1 pada SMAN 12 Banjarmasin tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Metode yang digunakan adalah Peneltian Tindakan Kelas dengan jumlah siswa 35 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar dan lembar aktivitas siswa. Hasil Penelitian pada siklus I yang paling banyak adalah beraktivitas baik yakni 23 siswa (60,53%), sedangkan aktivitas siswa cukup sebanyak 15 siswa (39,47%) sedangkan pada siklus II aktivitas siswa yang paling banyak adalah berkativitas baik sekali yakni 30 siswa (78,95%), sedangkan aktivitas siswa baik sebanyak 8 siswa (21,05%). Hasil belajar siswa Siklus I siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 17 siswa (44,74%) sedangkan yang tidak tuntas sebanyak 21 siswa (55,26%). Siklus II siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 34 siswa (89,47%) sedangkan yang tidak tuntas sebanyak 4 siswa (10,53%). Perubahan ketuntasan siswa pada siklus I ke II dengan tingkatan sebesar 44,73%.
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar IPS pada Materi Perjuangan Melawan Penjajah melalui Model Pembelajaran Word Square
Authors: Wahidah Nazaratun
Published: August 2019

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah kurang minatnya siswa pada pelajaran IPS materi perjuangan melawan penjajah dikarenakan materi lebih kepada pengetahuan yang bersifat hapalan sehingga siswa lemah dalam penguasaan konsep. Hal ini mengakibatkan anak pasif, kurang bersemangat, kurang perhatian, kurang bergairah, bosan dan tidak termotivasi sehingga materi tidak dapat diserap dengan baik serta rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), dengan rancangan 2 siklus. Siklus I dua kali pertemuan dan siklus II dua kali pertemuan. Setting penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MIN 6 Tapin, siswa kelas V pada semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 24 orang terdiri dari 11 orang laki-laki dan perempuan 13 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa siklus I pertemuan 1 adalah 62,80%, pertemuan 2 adalah 71,87%. Sedangkan pada siklus II pertemuan 1 adalah sebesar 81,45% dan pada pertemuan 2 sebesar 97,90%. Hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dan dapat mencapai ketuntasan belajar secara individual pada silus I pertemuan 1 sebesar 41,66% kemudian meningkat pada pertemuan 2 sebesar 75,00%. Pada siklus II pertemuan 1 sebesar 91,70% dan meningkat pada pertemuan 2 sebesar 95,83%. Jadi metode pembelajaran Word Square dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa
Reading Fatwas of MUI a Perspective of Maslahah Concept
Authors: Rosyid Maskur
Published: August 2019

Abstrak: Kemaslahatan dan kebaikan manusia merupakan tujuan pokok setiap bentuk peratuan, termasuk fatwa-fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Salah satubidang fatwa yang diterbitkan MUI adalahhukumkeluarga. Fokusutamatulisaniniadalahmembacaulang dan menganalisa fatwa-fatwa MUI dalambidanghukumkeluargadenganperspektifkonsepmaslahatmayoritas fuqaha yang juga telahditerbitkandalam Fatwa MUI tentangKriteriaMaslahatNomor: 6/MUNAS VII/MUI/10/2005. Fatwa-fatwa tersebut, dilihatmenggunakanparadigmakonsepmaslahat, adakalanya masuk dalam kategori maṣlaḥahmu‘tabarah, maṣlaḥahmursalah, dan adaindikasibeberapa fatwa yang masuk kedalam kategori maṣlaḥah mulghah. Adapun fatwa MUI dalam bidang hukum keluarga yang dimaksud dalam tulisan ini yaitu fatwa tentang Aborsi, tentang Perkawinan Beda Agama, tentang Kewarisan Beda Agama, tentang Perkawinan Di BawahTangan (sirri, tidak dicatatkan), dan tentang Nikah Wisata.Kata kunci: Maṣlaḥah, GradasiMaṣlaḥah, MUI, HukumKeluargaAbstract: Human benefit and goodness are the main objectives of every form of regulation, including the fatwas of the Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI). One of the fatwa fields issued by MUI is family law. The main focus of this paper is to reread and analyze the fatwas of the MUI in the field of family law with the perspective of the concept of majority fuqaha masses which have also been published in the MUI Fatwa concerning the Maslahat No. 6 / MUNAS VII / MUI / 10/2005. These fatwas, are seen using the concept of maslahat, sometimes include to the category of maṣlaḥahmu‘tabarah, maṣlaḥahmursalah, and there are indications of several fatwas that include to the category of maṣlaḥahmulghah. The fatwas of the MUI in the field of family law referred to in this article is a fatwa on Abortion, concerning Differential Marriage, about Different Religions, About Marriage Under the Hand (sirri, not recorded), and about Tourism Marriage.Keywords: Maṣlaḥah, Gradation of Maṣlaḥah, MUI, Family Law
Publicidade e transparência na jurisdição constitucional
Authors: Sacchetto Thiago
Published: August 2019

Resumo: A inovação levada a cabo pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro de permitir que os meios de comunicação de massa transmitam ao vivo e integralmente parcela de suas sessões de julgamento tem dividido opiniões no que concerne à virtuosidade ou ao desvalor da prática, não havendo, até então, um mínimo de consenso teórico sobre a sua conveniência. Em razão das características jurídicas e dos efeitos normativos advindos de certos acórdãos proferidos pelas cortes constitucionais na fiscalização constitucional de atos normativos, entende-se que a instauração de regimes de ampla publicidade e transparência trata-se, genuinamente, de um verdadeiro dever elementar dos Estados Democráticos no transcorrer do século XXI.Palavras-chave: Jurisdição constitucional. Deveres estatais. Publicidade e transparência. Direito de acesso à informação.
O “modelo de agência” e os incentivos econômicos à prevenção dos acidentes de trabalho
Authors: De Aguiar Julio Cesar , Carreiro Corbal Oitaven Juliana
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Neste artigo faz-se uma conexão do “modelo de agência” com o direito fundamental à prevenção de acidentes de trabalho, sob a ótica da Análise Econômica do Direito. A partir de uma abordagem da necessária efetividade dos direitos sociais relacionados à redução dos riscos inerentes ao trabalho, afirma-se a prevenção como um direito humano e fundamental, ao mesmo tempo que se mostra que os acidentes ainda ocorrem com elevada frequência no Brasil e no mundo, o que evidencia uma realidade desrespeitosa ao princípio da precaução. No estudo trata-se, ainda, sobre os custos sociais decorrentes dos acidentes de trabalho e os incentivos econômicos atuais à escolha da prevenção, enfrentando conceitos da microeconomia e noções de custos com prevenção e reparação, além dos benefícios com a adoção de medidas preventivas. Finalmente, apresenta-se o problema da agência, que relaciona o papel do “agente” empregador e do “agente” empregado em face da sociedade e a contribuição desse modelo para estimular a escolha pela prevenção, atribuindo a obrigação do monitoramento do empregado ao empregador, que é quem pode executá-lo de maneira mais eficiente.Palavras-chave: Direitos fundamentais. Acidente de trabalho. Prevenção. Análise econômica do Direito. Modelo de agência.
Crime de aborto e interrupção voluntária da gestação no primeiro trimestre: análise da decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal no Habeas Corpus 124.306
Authors: Steinmetz Wilson , Reckziegel Janaína
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Neste estudo analisa-se a decisão da Primeira Turma do Supremo Tribunal Federal, segundo a qual é inconstitucional a criminalização do aborto na hipótese de interrupção voluntária de gestação no primeiro trimestre. Apresenta-se uma síntese dos aspectos fáticos do caso e dos fundamentos normativos da decisão. Ao final, fazem-se uma apreciação crítica dos fundamentos normativos adotados pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal e considerações sobre os desdobramentos da decisão nos planos judicial e político-legislativo.Palavras-chave: Gestação. Interrupção voluntária. Crime. Direitos fundamentais da mulher. Princípio da proporcionalidade.
A dança dos números: as contas da Previdência e da Seguridade Social depois da Auditoria do TCU de 2017
Authors: Strapazzon Carlos Luiz
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho estuda o Relatório de Auditoria realizada pelo Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) nas contas da Seguridade Social do Brasil.  Em 26 de junho de 2017 o Tribunal de Contas da União publicou o Acórdão nº 1295/2017 (TC 001.040/2017-0). O objetivo do levantamento foi apurar informações sobre as contas, a forma de gestão e, particularmente, sobre a existência (ou não) de déficit da Previdência administrada pela União Federal. A Auditoria tomou em consideração as contas de 10 anos, alcançando o período que vai de 2007 a 2016. Todos os chamados “regimes previdenciários” administrados pela União Federal e que integram o conceito de Seguridade Social no Brasil foram auditados. Este estudo oferece uma análise descritiva e também crítica dos resultados apontados no documento do TCU. Os resultados do trabalho do TCU são extremamente importantes, quer para a pesquisa acadêmica, quer para a tomada de decisões políticas. Qualificam o debate público sobre a existência, ou não, de desequilíbrios financeiros e sobre o tipo de déficits existentes. Mais que isso, revelam distorções, imprecisões, erros, negligências, desigualdades, inconsistências que, afinal, enriquecem o diagnóstico desse tema intrigante. Depois do Relatório do TCU a reforma da Previdência não pode ser reduzida a uma discussão simplista sobre déficit, tempo de contribuição e longevidade dos brasileiros.Palavras-chave: Reforma da Previdência. Seguridade Social. Segurança Social. Seguro Social. Contas Públicas.
Prostituição, estigma e marginalização: o reconhecimento do vínculo de emprego das profissionais do sexo
Authors: Abal Felipe Cittolin , Schroeder Pâmela dos Santos
Published: August 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo é voltado ao estudo da necessidade de reconhecimento da relação empregatícia existente entre as profissionais do sexo e os estabelecimentos em que laboram, utilizando-se de uma visão jurídica e sociológica. O entendimento jurisprudencial trabalhista majoritário se volta no sentido do não reconhecimento dessa relação de emprego em virtude da ilicitude do objeto do contrato de emprego, retirando das trabalhadoras dessa categoria a proteção trabalhista e os direitos trabalhistas a que fariam jus. A prostituição como profissão existe desde as primeiras civilizações, subsistindo hodiernamente como uma atividade presente na grande maioria das cidades brasileiras. Apesar disso, as prostitutas sofrem com um processo de estigmatização que as remete à margem da sociedade, fato que é legitimado pelo não reconhecimento de sua condição de trabalhadores como os demais. As profissionais do sexo, conforme entrevistas realizadas, vêem a prostituição como uma profissão idêntica às demais, apesar de sofrerem preconceito por parte da sociedade em virtude de sua atividade. Cabe ao judiciário trabalhista reconhecer a profissão das profissionais do sexo e conferir a elas a mesma proteção dada aos demais trabalhadores como forma de efetivar seu papel de conferir aos obreiros seus direitos constitucionalmente assegurados e concretizar o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana.Palavras-chave: Dignidade da pessoa humana. Justiça do Trabalho. Profissional do sexo. Relação de emprego. Abstract: This article is intended to study the need for recognition of employment relationship among sex workers and the establishments where they work, using a legal and sociological view. The major jurisprudential understanding turns towards non-recognition of this employment relationship due to the illegality of the object of the employment, removing the workers of this category from the labor protection and labor rights to which they would be entitled. Prostitution as a profession has existed since the earliest civilizations, existing in our times as an activity present in most Brazilian cities. Nevertheless, prostitutes suffer from a process of stigmatization that refers them to the margins of society, a fact that is legitimized by the non-recognition of their status as workers as the others. Sex workers, according to the interviews accomplished, see prostitution as a profession similar to the others, despite suffering prejudice from society due to their activity. It is necessary that the labor courts recognize the profession of sex workers and give them the same protection given to other workers as a way to accomplish their role of giving the workers their constitutionally guaranteed rights and implement the principle of human dignity.Keywords: Employment relationship. Labor justice. Principle of human dignity. Sex workers.
The Relation Between Urban Morphology and Physical Environmental Qualities: Comparing Walkability in Neighborhoods via Analyses of Spatial Statistics and Indices of Graph Theory and Space Syntax
Authors: Cubukcu Ebru , Mensı Bochra , Horoz Cigdem
Published: August 2019

This
study aims to compare morphological structure and physical environmental
qualities in different neighbourhoods of a small town and investigate whether
physical environmental qualities vary by urban morphology. Four neighborhoods
were selected in small town Foca, Izmir, Turkey : (A) residential area
next to the city center / new development area, (B) residential area at the
periophery / new development area, (C) a mixed use area / historical city
center, (D) residential area next to the seashore / new development area.
First, the spatial statistical analyses were run and indices of Graph Theory
and Space Syntax were calculated for each zone to define the morphological
characteristics, (the street network characteristics and the dominant urban
landuse). Then, the physical environmental qualities that relate to walkability:
(1) Proportion of buildings that pedestrians escape, (2) Proportion of parcels
that pedestrians escape, (3) Proportion of pop of cafes on the street, and (4)
proportion of green areas were measured by spatial statistical analyses.
Finally, the relation between morphological characteristics and physical
qualities was investigated. The results provide partial support to the main
hypothesis (physical environmental quality differs by environmental
morphological characteristics). More research are on call to expand the
findings for different size of cities.
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning and Deep Learning for Time Series Forecasting: A Case Study of Choosing the Best Prediction Model for Turkey Electricity Production
Authors: Ünlü Ramazan
Published: August 2019

Over the last decades, Turkey pays special attention to electricity productionbto afford its needs. Researchers applied different methodologies including statisticalbased and artificial intelligence-based to correctly predict the future amount of electricity production, consumption, and demand. However,limited researchers focused on Turkey’s electricity production prediction problem as a time series analysis. For this reason, we tackle this problem by considering it as a time series analysis in this study. We have used different methods including traditional machine learning algorithms Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Multilayer Perceptrons (MLP) and a deep learning algorithm Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to create a better model for Turkey monthly electricity production dataset. Based on our findings LSTM outperforms SVR and MLP approaches in terms of commonly used statistical error evaluation metrics.
Eriyik Yığma Modellemesi Esaslı Üç Boyutlu (3B) Eklemeli Üretim Tekniği Kullanılarak Poliüretan Malzemeden Bir Yapay İnsan Kulak Kepçesi Üretimi
Authors: Aydın Hurşit Sefa , Gümüş Ömer Yunus , Küçük İsrafil
Published: August 2019

Son
yıllarda 3B baskı teknolojileri sahip olduğu yüksek üretim hızı, uygun maliyeti
ve biyouyumlu malzeme üretimine imkan veren özellikleriyle yapay organ
geliştirme alanına önemli yenilikler getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, eriyik yığma
modellemesi (EYM) özelliğine sahip bir 3B yazıcı kullanarak poliüretan (PU)
polimeriyle hacimsel olarak farklı doluluk oranlarında (%25, %50, %75 ve %100)
yapay insan kulak kepçesi üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kimyasal yapı
analizleri için Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi (FTIR) spektroskopisi, termal
analizler için termogravimetrik analiz (TGA) cihazı, yüzey görüntülerini
incelemek için stereomikroskop ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), mekanik
ölçümler için sertlik ve çekme testi cihazları kullanılmıştır. Geliştirilen
yapay kulak kepçelerinden en uygun tasarımın %50 doluluk oranına sahip olan
kulak tasarımı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
INTELEKTUALITAS, GAIRAH & KERENDAHAN HATI: SIKAP TERHADAP SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI [INTELLECTUALITY, PASSION & HUMILITY: ATTITUDES TOWARDS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY]
Authors: Martoyo Ihan , Jobiliong Eric , Dewobroto Wiryanto , Sembiring Ukur , Sutanto Setiawan , Hartono Rudy
Published: August 2019

Some would claim that science and technology contradict the life of faith, or that the one is more important or higher than the other. Such dualism/dichotomy may result from the pressure of atheism or the friction between various convictions in which scientists work. This writing suggests a healthier attitude towards science and technology for people of faith, where science, technology, and faith are approached without the crippling sacred/secular dichotomy. The concept of cultural mandate (Kuyper) provides a model for cultivating intellectuality, passion and humility as a divine mandate in faithful stewardship towards nature. A well-rounded scientist or engineer must be also aware of the ethical challenges in his or her field.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Ada yang mengklaim bahwa sains dan teknologi berkontradiksi dengan kehidupan iman, atau bahwa yang satu lebih penting atau lebih tinggi dari yang lain. Dualisme/dikotomi demikian dapat muncul dari tekanan paham ateisme atau gesekan dari berbagai keyakinan tempat ilmuwan beraktivitas. Tulisan ini mengusulkan suatu sikap yang lebih sehat terhadap sains dan teknologi untuk orang percaya, di mana sains, teknologi dan iman didekati tanpa dikotomi sakral/sekuler yang melumpuhkan. Konsep mandat budaya (Kuyper) menyediakan model untuk mengusahakan intelektualitas, gairah & kerendahan hati sebagai mandat ilahi dalam penatalayanan yang setia kepada alam. Seorang ilmuwan atau insinyur yang lengkap juga harus peka pada berbagai tantangan etika dalam bidangnya.
KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR GURU DITINJAU DARI TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP DAN SELF-EFFICACY [TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR FROM TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND SELF-EFFICACY’S PERSPECTIVE]
Authors: Irianto Judha Semal , Sudibjo Niko
Published: August 2019

The changing context of the age and the characteristics of today's generation demand that the role of the teacher be more creative and innovative. A way to answer this need is to cultivate a knowledge sharing behavior in the school environment. There are many factors that can support the establishment of this knowledge sharing behavior, including transformational leadership and self-efficacy. This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership and self-efficacy on the knowledge sharing behavior of teachers. The research subjects were 112 teachers who teach in two locations of XYZ Private High School in West Jakarta which have the potential to develop knowledge sharing behavior. The design used in this study was correlational, using surveys to collect the data and then analyze using the PLS-SEM method. The results of this study showed that transformational leadership and self-efficacy affected knowledge sharing behavior positively.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Perubahan konteks zaman dan karakteristik generasi zaman sekarang menuntut peran guru yang semakin kreatif dan inovatif. Salah satu upaya untuk menjawab hal ini adalah dengan membudayakan perilaku knowledge sharing behavior di lingkungan sekolah. Ada banyak faktor yang dapat mendukung terbangunnya perilaku knowledge sharing behavior ini, di antaranya transformational leadership dan self-efficacy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh transformational leadership dan self-efficacy terhadap knowledge sharing behavior guru. Subjek penelitian adalah 112 guru yang mengajar di dua lokasi Sekolah Menengah Atas Swasta XYZ di Jakarta Barat yang memiliki potensi untuk membangun perilaku knowledge sharing behavior. Desain penelitian bersifat korelational, data diambil berdasarkan survey yang dianalisi dengan metode PLS-SEM. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa transformational leadership dan self-efficacy mempengaruhi knowledge sharing behavior secara positif.
Sel sonrasında görülen post-travmatik stres bozukluğu: Kesitsel bir çalışma
Authors: BEYHUN Nazım Ercüment , YAVUZYILMAZ Asuman , SAĞLAM Demet , HAMZAOĞLU Köksal , DEMİRTAŞ Yusuf , DİLAVER İrem , ACAR Gufran , PARLAK Büşra , ŞAHİN Kübra , ÇAN Gamze , TOPBAŞ Murat
Published: August 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın
amacı; Trabzon ili Beşikdüzü ilçesinde gerçekleşen sel afetinden etkilenen
bölgelerde, sellerden sonra en fazla görülen ruhsal bozukluk olan
post-travmatik stres bozukluğu sıklığının belirlenmesi ve bu sıklıkla ilişkili
faktörlerin saptanmasıdır. Yöntem: Kesitsel
tipteki bu çalışmaya 401 kişi katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında;
katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri, selden etkilenme durumları ve
ruhsal sağlık durumları ile ilgili soruları içeren bir anket ve post-travmatik
stres bozukluğunu ölçmekte kullanılan Travmatik Stres Belirti Ölçeği
kullanılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular:
Katılımcıların %5.0’i Travmatik Stres
Belirti Ölçeği’nden yüksek puan almıştır. Kadın olmak (p=0.018), sele kapılıp
sürüklenmek (p=0.031), sel sırasında fiziksel travma yaşamak (p=0.046), daha
önceden sel yaşayıp etkilenmiş olmak (p=0.001), sele bağlı maddi durumda
kötüleşme (p=0.028), tarlanın selden etkilenmesi (p=0.043), selden önce
psikiyatrik hastalığı bulunmak (p<0.001) ve psikiyatrik ilaç kullanıyor
olmanın (p<0.001) yüksek ölçek puanıyla ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç:
Sellerden sonra post-travmatik stres bozukluğu görülebileceği unutulmamalı ve
riskli gruplarda taraması yapılmalıdır.
Assessing long term trends of air pollutants and associated health risks imposed on residents in Bolu (Turkey) during winter
Authors: Öztürk Fatma , Keleş Özgül Melek
Published: August 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to
evaluate the long term and seasonal variation of PM10 and SO2 in the the Bolu
city center between 2006 and 2017 in relation to meteorological parameters and
to evaluate the health risks due to metals bound to particulate matter (PM)
during the winter season. Method: The Seasonal Kendall (SK) test was
performed on the air quality data to find the magnitude of associated trends.
In addition, seasonality of these pollutants was evaluated in conjunction with
the meteorological parameters. Furthermore, daily PM samples in two different
size fractions were collected between December 2014 and February 2015 and
analyzed for metals by WDXRF. The generated metal concentrations were used to
estimate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks imposed on the
residents of the city.  Results: The SK test revealed statistically
significant decline in SO2 and PM10 with a rate of 1.953 and 2.932 µg/m3/year,
respectively, at 5% significance level. Both of the parameters depicted very
clear seasonal cycles. Performed exposure risk assessment indicated that dermal
contact with PM bound metals was the main route of exposure for children, while
the adults were more prone to non-carcinogenic risks from exposure through
inhalation. Conclusion: Overall,
children were found to be more susceptible to non-carcinogenic risks as
compared to adults. The cancer risks due to As and Pb were within the
acceptable limits (< 1×10-4).
Pengembangan Modul Fisika Menggunakan Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Sikap Sosial Peserta Didik
Authors: Bangun Girik Jean Fery Yani , Wati Mustika , Miriam Sarah
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini di latarbelakangi rendahnya keterampilan proses sains peserta didik di SMA Negeri 3 Banjarmasin. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengembangkan modul fisika menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing untuk melatihkan keterampilan proses sains dan sikap sosial peserta didik, dengan tujuan khusus yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) validitas modul, 2) kepraktisan modul, dan 3) efektivitas modul. Jenis penelitian yaitu R & D dengan model ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). Subjek uji coba penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas XI PMIA 1 berjumlah 30 orang. Data diperoleh dari lembar validasi modul, lembar pengamatan keterlaksanaan RPP, tes hasil belajar, lembar pengamatan keterampilan proses sains dan sikap sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: 1) validitas modul dilihat dari hasil lembar validitas ahli akademisi dan praktisi berkategori sangat baik, 2) kepraktisan modul dilihat dari lembar keterlaksanaan RPP berkategori sangat baik, dan 3) efektivitas modul dilihat dari tes hasil belajar berkategori sedang, pencapaian keterampilan proses sains dilihat dari hasil pengamatan berkategori baik, dan pencapaian sikap sosial dilihat dari hasil pengamatan berkategori baik. Disimpulkan bahwa modul fisika menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing valid dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Failure of High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Non-invasive Ventilation Can Be Associated with Increased Risk of Mortality and Morbidity in Critically Ill Children
Authors: AYGUN Fatih , DURAK CANSU , VAROL Fatih , KACAR Alper , AYGUN Emre , IRDEM Ahmet , ÇOKUĞRAŞ Haluk , CAMCIOĞLU YILDIZ , CAM Halit
Published: August 2019

Background: This retrospective study aimed to describe the efficacy, complications, and outcome of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in critically ill children. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) has achieved a significant breakthrough success in treating acute respiratory failure. NIV failure drastically increases the risk of mortality and morbidity. Many factors have been associated with the success of NIV.
Methods. We performed a multicenter retrospective study using the demographic, prognostic, and laboratory findings of children (<18 years old) who were admitted in two pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). We compared clinical and laboratory variables in both successful and failed NIV groups.
Results. Between January 2014 and April 2019, 1101 children were admitted to two PICU wards, of which, 403 were eligible for this study. In total, 138 (34.2%) patients received high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), 138 (34.2%) patients received NIV-pressure control and 127 (31.6%) received NIV-pressure support (PSV). Patient mortality was 3.2% (13 patients) and the success rate of our study was 83.4%. Majority of our patients were provided NIV on admission (62.8%). Patients with successful NIV required fewer inotropic drugs, had shorter PICU stay duration, and a lower mortality rate during the follow up. The failure group presented a greater frequency of NIV-PSV and NIV-PCV use, along with higher NIV-associated complications. Logistic regression analysis revealed that NIV and HFNC failure increased PICU mortality by 19 times.
Conclusions. HFNC and NIV are support modalities for respiratory distress in the PICU and were associated with a significant decrease in the PICU intubation rate.
How can we support best practice? A situational assessment of injury prevention practice in public health.
Authors: Richmond Sarah A. , Carsley Sarah , Prowse Rachel , Manson Heather , Moloughney Brent
Published: August 2019

Background : To effectively impact the significant population burden of injury, we completed a situational assessment of injury prevention practice within a provincial public health system to identify system-wide priorities for capacity-building to advance injury prevention in public health.

Methods : Data was collected through semi-structured interviews (n=20) and focus groups (n=19). Participants included a cross-section of injury prevention practitioners and leadership from public health units reflecting different population sizes and geographic characteristics, in addition to public health researchers and experts from academia, public health and not-for-profit organizations. Thematic analysis was used to code all of the data by one reviewer, followed by a second independent reviewer who coded a random selection of interview notes. Major codes and sub codes were identified and final themes were decided through iterations of coding comparisons and categorization. Once data were analysed, we confirmed the findings with the field, in addition to participating in a prioritization exercise to surface the top three needs for support.

Results : Major themes that emerged from the data included: current public health practice challenges; capacity and resource constraints, and; injury as a low priority area. Overall, injury prevention is a broad, complex topic that competes with other areas of public health. Best practices are challenged by system-wide factors related to resources, direction, coordination, collaboration, and emerging injury public health issues. Injury is a reportedly under prioritized and under resourced public health area of practice. Practitioners believe that increasing access to data and evidence, and improving collaboration and networking is required to promote best practice.

Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that there are several system level needs to support best practice in public health injury prevention in Ontario including reducing research to practice gaps and supporting opportunities for collaboration. Our research contributes to the literature of the complexity of public health practice, and presents several mechanisms of support to increase capacity at a system level to improve injury prevention practice, and eventually lessen the population burden of injury.
The prevalence of Legionella pneumophila in different water systems: A global systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fakhri Yadolah , Nasiri Mohammad Javad , Asadi Anvar , Avazpour Moayed , Alinejad Abdolazim , Gholami Zeinab , Khaneghah Amin Mousavi
Published: August 2019

The presence of Legionella pneumophila (LP) in aquatic habitat is a global concern. The current study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of LP in water systems with the aid of a systematic review and meta-analysis. The searching was performed among some international databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Embase to retrieve the related articles between 1/January/1983 and 25/July/ 2017. Therefore, thirty-six articles (with 43 studies) out of 1,541 articles collected, were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of LP in water systems was determined as 20% (95%CI: 15-25). Also, the lowest and highest pooled prevalence of LP was observed in Poland (4% (95%CI: 0-13%)) and Kuwait (98% (95%CI: 90-100%)), respectively. The lowest and highest prevalence of LP-based on water resources subgroups was a water reservoir (15% (95%CI: 2-37%) and well (40% (95%CI: 26-50%), respectively. The number of studies that used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of LP was 16/43 (37.3%) while the culture method was 27/43 (62.7%). Generally speaking, the relatively high prevalence of LP among the investigated water systems was demonstrated, which should be reduced by performing appropriate control actions.
Features and impact of trust-based relationships between community health workers and low-income pregnant women with chronic health conditions: A focus group study
Authors: Boyd Lisa M. , Mehra Renee , Thomas Jordan , Lewis Jessica , Cunningham Shayna
Published: August 2019

Background Pregnancy can be a particularly stressful time for women with underlying chronic conditions. Chronic health conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes are associated with obstetric morbidity and mortality and poor birth outcomes, and are becoming more prevalent among pregnant women in the United States. In light of the American Public Health Association’s call to increase the reach of community health worker (CHW) interventions, the aim of this paper is to better understand how to effectively support women with chronic disease during pregnancy by examining the impact of CHW support from the perspective of pregnant women.Methods Clients and CHWs were recruited from three community-based organizations in the eastern United States running Merck for Mothers-funded interventions to support pregnant women in urban settings. Nine focus groups and eight interviews were conducted with 40 low-income clients with chronic conditions and 18 CHWs and program staff. Focus group and interview data were analyzed using grounded theory-informed thematic analysis.Results Clients reported that CHWs contributed to their well-being during pregnancy in numerous ways and credited CHWs with improvements in mental health and health behaviors. Services like providing guidance around nutrition appeared to play a role in improving client management of chronic disease. CHWs’ ability to build trust-based relationships through emotional attendance, authenticity, and prioritization of clients’ needs facilitated the stress reduction and salubrious behavioral change reported by clients.Conclusions CHWs provide care for the whole woman during pregnancy, an approach that is unique within healthcare and confers multiple benefits. CHW intervention is particularly valuable for women facing challenges such as chronic disease and limited access to resources. Additional municipal, state, and federal resources should be devoted to expanding programs that provide vulnerable mothers with comprehensive care.
Effectiveness of D-dimer test for detecting deep venous thrombosis in pregnant women with threatened premature delivery and abortion
Authors: Kawauchi Haruka , Miyamoto Morikazu , Sakamoto Takahiro , Nakatsuka Masaya , Matsuura Hiroko , Soyama Hiroaki , Ishibashi Hiroki , Iwahashi Hideki , Yoshida Masashi , Takasaki Kazuki , Sasa Hidenori , Takano Masashi
Published: August 2019

Background

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in pregnant women often developed pulmonary thrombosis, which could lead to death if detection and treatment are delayed. Thus, early detection and treatment of detect DVT in pregnant women should be performed. The aim of our study was to investigate the normal range of D-dimer levels and identify the cutoff value of D-dimer to detect DVT in pregnant women with threatened premature delivery and abortion.Methods

All singleton pregnant women hospitalized for longer than 4 days due to threatened premature delivery and abortion were identified. D-dimer levels were measured at least once per week from hospitalization to delivery. We classified pregnant women into DVT or non-DVT group.Results

In our study, 335 pregnant women were included. A total of 3722 blood samples were obtained. There were 6 women in the DVT group and 329 in the non-DVT group. There were more women complicated with thrombophilia in the DVT group (p<0.01). The means and standard deviations of D-dimer levels in the non-DVT group were 1.75±0.19 μg/mL before 28 weeks, 2.75±0.1 μg/mL from 28 to 35 weeks, and 3.22±0.21 μg/mL after 35 weeks. When the cutoff value of the D-dimer to detect DVT was set at 4.8 μg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 85.86%, respectively.Conclusion

D-dimer levels of pregnant women with threatened premature delivery and abortion gradually increased as gestational age progressed. The appropriate D-dimer cut-off levels might be useful in the detection of DVT.
Isolation and partial characterization of alkylferulate from Entada africana (Guill. & Perr.) stem bark extract
Authors: Kwaji A. , Adamu H.M. , Chindo I.Y.
Published: August 2019

Investigation of the bioactive constituents of Entada africana crude extract afforded the isolation of alkylferulate. The hexane soluble portion of acetone/methanol (1:1v/v) crude stem bark extract of Entada africana was subjected to column chromatography on silica gel 60 (60-200) mesh size. Gradient column elution yielded an isolate coded AC4 with Rf value of 0.65 in hexane/diethyl ether (3:2). The isolate was characterized using IR, NMR and in comparison with literature data. The analysis of spectroscopic data and literature comparison strongly suggests that AC4 is an alkylferulate; a known hypolipidemic agent in addition to other biological uses. The isolation of alkylferulate partly lays credence to the use of Entada africana in traditional medicine practice.
Epileptic Seizure Detection using Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Jaafar Sirwan Tofiq , Mohammadi Mokhtar
Published: August 2019

An epileptic seizure is a sign of abnormal activity in the human brain. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a standard tool that has been used vastly for detection of seizure activities. Many methods have been developed to help the neurophysiologists to detect the seizure activities with high accuracy. Most of them rely on the features extracted in the time, frequency, or time-frequency domains. The performance of the proposed methods is related to the performance of the features extracted from EEG recordings. Deep neural networks enable learning directly on the data without the domain knowledge needed to construct a feature set. This approach has been hugely successful in almost all machine learning applications. We propose a new framework that also learns directly from the data, without extracting a feature set. We proposed an original deep-learning-based method to classify EEG recordings. The EEG signal is segmented into 4 s segments and used to train the long- and short-term memory network. The trained model is used to discriminate the EEG seizure from the background. The Freiburg EEG dataset is used to assess the performance of the classifier. The 5-fold cross-validation is selected for evaluating the performance of the proposed method. About 97.75% of the accuracy is achieved.
An Interactive Mobile Phone App (SMART 5-A-DAY) for Increasing Knowledge of and Adherence to Fruit and Vegetable Recommendations: Development and Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Appleton Katherine Marie , Passmore David , Burn Isobel , Pidgeon Hanna , Nation Philippa , Boobyer Charlotte , Jiang Nan
Published: August 2019

Background

Fruit and vegetable consumption is important for health, but many individuals fail to consume adequate amounts for health benefits. Although many individuals are aware of current fruit and vegetable consumption recommendations, research suggests that adherence to these is hampered by low knowledge of the details of these recommendations.

Objective

This paper reports the development and details of a pilot randomized controlled test of a novel interactive mobile phone app for addressing low knowledge of the UK 5-a-day fruit and vegetable recommendations.

Methods

Requirements for the app were first defined by researchers and potential end users and prioritized using the MoSCoW (Must have, Should have, Could have, Won’t have) method. Second, a prototype mobile phone app was developed using an agile approach. Third, the prototype app was tested in a randomized controlled pilot trial for impacts on knowledge and intake of fruit and vegetables. Volunteers were randomized to either receive (n=50) or not receive the app (n=44) for 2 or 4 weeks, and fruit and vegetable knowledge, intake, and behavior were assessed at the beginning of the study and after 1 and 2 weeks or after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. App usage and qualitative feedback were also investigated. All findings then informed the development of a final app.

Results

Low knowledge of consumption recommendations centered around portion sizes and the need for variety, and an interactive mobile phone app was considered a suitable tool for improving this knowledge in a practical manner that would be available both at time of consumption and outside of these times. The pilot test revealed improved behavior after 2 weeks compared with baseline in volunteers who received the app, but improvements in knowledge on fruit and vegetable recommendations were found in both groups, and no improvements in fruit and vegetable intakes were found in formal measures. Patterns of app usage and qualitative feedback also suggested a number of modifications. The resultant final app incorporates several behavior change techniques (goal-setting, self-monitoring, and personalized feedback) as well as aiming to improve knowledge.

Conclusions

A novel interactive mobile phone app was successfully developed based on requirements, and when tested in a pilot randomized controlled trial, this app was found to have some impacts on fruit and vegetable outcomes. Although benefits from the app were small, impacts will likely increase as a result of recent modifications. The final SMART 5-A-DAY app is available in the Google Play Store and now needs testing in the target population.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02779491; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02779491
Networks and Partnerships of Global Governance
Authors: Hamchi Mohamed , Rebiai Samia
Published: August 2019

Recently, literature on the problem of legitimacy in/of global governance (GG) institutions, networks and/or partnerships has considerably increased. However, as we argue in this article, the problem of legitimacy, in what James Rosenau called post-international relations, has remained inadequately problematized. We suggest that GG lacks two specific types of legitimacy: legitimacy of GG as a theory and legitimacy of GG as a practice. One further – still critical – shortcoming within the current theoretical framework is that of undervaluing normativity as a larger context within which the debate on legitimacy(ies) is still being fueled. The article is divided into three sections. The first section briefly offers a conceptual introduction to the article’s terminology. Next, the second section attempts to bring the suggested multiplicity of GG’s legitimacies into analysis. Finally, the third section draws conclusions about the significant value of bringing normativity back to GG studies and how it matters to the question of legitimacy.
Why the frustration?
Authors: Levi Sebastian
Published: August 2019

Civil society organizations play an increasingly important role in global politics. However, during the last years, civil society has become frustrated from the negotiations in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This frustration reached a new quality when civil society organizations walked out in the middle of the 19th Conference of Parties (COP19) in 2013. Drawing from empirical data from the COP19 and the negotiations on Loss and Damage, this thesis seeks to explain the low level of influence which has lead to this frustration. It can be shown that neither civil society capabilities, nor changing state attitudes towards civil society can explain their contemporary low influence. Instead, this paper argues that the increasing financial and legal relevance of the negotiations substantially constrain civil society from exercising influence.