bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TÉCNICAS DE MEDIAÇÃO DE CONFLITOS E TÉCNICA DA REFORMULAÇÃO – NOVO PARADIGMA E NOVA FORMAÇÃO PARA OS PROFISSIONAIS DO DIREITO
Authors: De Morais Sales Lilia Maia
Published: November 2016

A mediação é mecanismo de solução consensual, cooperativo e inclusivo, no qual terceiro imparcial facilita o diálogo, construindo consenso entre as partes que decidem o conflito. As habilidades desenvolvidas na mediação refletem, de acordo com pesquisas internacionais, habilidades apontadas como necessárias para profissionais na atualidade. Nesse estudo são apresentadas as técnicas da mediação e negociação, destacando a reformulação, apontada como habilidade do século XXI. Identificam-se as técnicas de mediação com as habilidades destacadas. Outro ponto é que na área jurídica, especialmente, tendo em vista a aprovação da Lei de Mediação (Lei n. 13.140/15), que muda o paradigma da gestão de conflitos no Brasil, de litígio para colaboração, necessário se faz a adequação da formação dos profissionais, evitando a incongruência entre as necessidades do novo modelo de resolução de conflitos e da formação do profissional e aderindo as habilidades dos profissionais do Direito às habilidades apontadas como necessárias para século XXI.
O CAOS, A RELATIVIZAÇÃO DE NORMA LEGAL E A DENÚNCIA “MAIS OU MENOS” GENÉRICA: DIÁLOGOS ENTRE O SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL E A “NOVA” TÉCNICA
Authors: De Oliveira José Sebastião , Santos Diego Prezzi
Published: November 2016

Uma pesquisa nas decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal demonstra que sempre houve preocupação bastante intensa com as denúncias. A amostragem das decisões posteriores à Constituição Federal clarifica uma especial tendência de racionalizar a peça inaugural do processo criminal, inclusive “forçando” a petição acusatória dentro de moldes de uma axiologia antropocêntrica que leva em conta o ser processado e seus direitos, porém ainda sem definição de balizas seguras. Este estudo, debruçando-se sobre uma amostra jurisprudencial e trabalhos especializadas no tema, irá discorrer sobre o conceito de denúncia, seus requisitos e os defeitos “aceitáveis” pela jurisprudência, além de verificar as circunstâncias que dão ensejo a defeitos técnicos inaceitáveis no Estado Democrático de Direito.
Universal Credit to Basic Income: A Politically Feasible Transition?
Authors: Martin Josh
Published: November 2016

Universal Credit, the UK working-age benefit, attempts to address issues of complexity, inflexibility, and work disincentivisation within the benefits system. However, the UK coalition government’s delayed rollout and emphasis on conditionality raise questions over its applicability to twenty-first century labour market problems. Instead, universal basic income tackles similar goals and arguably better addresses labour market changes. But is this transition politically feasible? Through interviews with policy actors from four UK political parties, arguments for and against the likelihood of this transition are presented by utilising theories of welfare state development.
Pharmacogenetic studies: a tool to improve antidepressant therapy
Authors: Ramos Marta , Berrogain Cecilia , Concha Julia , Lomba Laura , García Cristina Belén , Ribate Mª Pilar
Published: November 2016

The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that major depressive disorder (MDD) will be the second leading cause of death and disability by 2020. Nowadays, approximately 60–70% of patients with this disorder have shown the lack of effectiveness and tolerability of the therapy with antidepressants. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicine Agency (EMA) are including pharmacogenetic information in the labeling of several antidepressants. The presence of this information represents the relevance of genetic polymorphisms in drug response. These pharmacogenetic studies have been based on the knowledge of genes involved in pharmacokinetic (CYP2D6, CYP2C19 and ABCB1) and pharmacodynamic (SLC6A4, HTR2A, BDNF, GNB3 and FKBP5) processes of antidepressant medications. The knowledge of the genotype of patients with MDD is an important tool for personalized therapy that can improve their clinical response to treatment. In this review, we highlight the most relevant genes involved in the metabolism of antidepressants (ADs) or the genes related to the presence of adverse reactions.
microRNA assays for acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Shirvani Samani Omid , Meder Benjamin
Published: November 2016

microRNAs are promising biomarkers for diverse cardiovascular diseases. While quantification of the small non-coding RNAs is routinely performed in the research laboratory, clinical-grade assessment of microRNAs in central laboratory environments or point-of-care testing is still in its infancy. In this review, we provide an overview on microRNAs as biomarkers for acute coronary syndromes and highlight promising technical approaches for microRNA-based assays systems.
Heterocyclization of 5,6-disubstituted 3-alkenyl-2-thioxothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one with p-alkoxyphenyltellurium trichloride
Authors: Kut Mykola , Onysko Mikhajlo , Lendel Vasyl
Published: November 2016

Electrophilic heterocyclization of 5,6-disubstituted 3-alkenyl-2-thioxothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ones by treatment with p-alkoxyphenyltellurium trichlorides leads to annulation of the thiazoline moiety with the formation of 6,7-disubstituted-2-[dichloro-(p-alkoxyphenyl)telluromethyl]-2,3-dihydro-5Н-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-а]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-one hydrochlorides.
Using Relative Statistics and Approximate Disease Prevalence to Compare Screening Tests
Authors: Samuelson Frank , Abbey Craig
Published: November 2016

Schatzkin et al. and other authors demonstrated that the ratios of some conditional statistics such as the true positive fraction are equal to the ratios of unconditional statistics, such as disease detection rates, and therefore we can calculate these ratios between two screening tests on the same population even if negative test patients are not followed with a reference procedure and the true and false negative rates are unknown. We demonstrate that this same property applies to an expected utility metric. We also demonstrate that while simple estimates of relative specificities and relative areas under ROC curves (AUC) do depend on the unknown negative rates, we can write these ratios in terms of disease prevalence, and the dependence of these ratios on a posited prevalence is often weak particularly if that prevalence is small or the performance of the two screening tests is similar. Therefore we can estimate relative specificity or AUC with little loss of accuracy, if we use an approximate value of disease prevalence.
Semi-Parametric Estimation and Inference for the Mean Outcome of the Single Time-Point Intervention in a Causally Connected Population
Authors: Sofrygin Oleg , van der Laan Mark J.
Published: November 2016

We study the framework for semi-parametric estimation and statistical inference for the sample average treatment-specific mean effects in observational settings where data are collected on a single network of possibly dependent units (e.g., in the presence of interference or spillover). Despite recent advances, many of the current statistical methods rely on estimation techniques that assume a particular parametric model for the outcome, even though some of the important statistical assumptions required by these methods are often violated in observational network settings. In this work we rely on recent methodological advances in the field of targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) and describe an estimation approach that permits for more realistic classes of data-generative models while providing valid inference in the context of observational network-dependent data. We start by assuming that the true data-generating distribution belongs to a large class of semi-parametric statistical models. We then impose some restrictions on the possible set of such distributions. For example, we assume that the dependence among the observed outcomes can be fully described by an observed network. We then show that under our modeling assumptions, our estimand can be described as a functional of the mixture of the observed data-generating distribution. With this key insight in mind, we describe the TMLE for possibly-dependent units as an iid data algorithm and we demonstrate the validity of our approach with a simulation study. Finally, we extend prior work towards estimation of novel causal parameters such as the unit-specific indirect and direct treatment effects under interference and the effects of interventions that modify the structure of the network.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Adult Patients with Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Conti C. Richard
Published: November 2016

There are approximately one half million patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) in the United States. Patients with stable ischemic heart disease who die suddenly do not maintain a Stable Ischemic profile. Benchimol, et al., reported 319 consecutive stable angina patients without clinical heart failure or a recent myocardial infarction but who had multiple risk factors and proven coronary disease which made them more prone to acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina. In the APSIS (angina prognosis in Stockholm) study, Hjemdahl reported that signs of ischemia or previous manifestations of coronary artery disease, i.e., myocardial infarction or revascularization, were found in 69% of both male and female patients at baseline. Little, retrospectively reported that minor plaques may disrupt and result in unstable angina or occlusive coronary disease which then may result in acute myocardial infarction. Stable angina patients, by definition, are stable and are not high risk unless they have multiple factors or which may make them prone to evolve an acute coronary syndrome or develop a serious arrhythmia but sudden death does occur in some patients.
Mucosal Protective Compounds in the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. A Position Paper Based on Evidence of the Romanian Society of Neurogastroenterology
Authors: Surdea-Blaga Teodora , Băncilă Ion , Dobru Daniela , Drug Vasile , Frățilă Ovidiu , Goldiș Adrian , Grad Simona M. , Mureșan Crina , Nedelcu Laurențiu , Porr Paul J. , Sporea Ioan , Dumitrașcu Dan L.
Published: November 2016

Background & Aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) therapy is challenging and suppression of acid secretion or prokinetics do not cure all cases. Some drugs with protective action on the esophageal mucosa have been used alternatively or in association with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and/or prokinetics. The Romanian Society of Neurogastroenterology undertook an Evidence-Based analysis, from which this position paper evolved.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed until October 2015, using the terms: sucralfate, guaiazulene, gaiazulene, dimethicone, alginate, antacids and gastroesophageal reflux. Forty-seven papers were included and analyzed. Several statements were elaborated regarding the use of these drugs in GERD. The evidence and recommendations were discussed between the authors.

Results: There is evidence in the medical literature suggesting the benefit of these drugs in GERD. In patients with persistent or mild reflux symptoms antacids rapidly relieve heartburn. Alginate-antacid combination is superior both over placebo and antacids to treat mild reflux symptoms, and can be used to treat persistent reflux symptoms despite acid suppressant therapy. Sucralfate is superior over placebo in alleviating GERD symptoms and can be used as maintenance therapy. Guaiazulene-dimethicone improves the quality of life in patients with GERD.

Conclusions: Drugs used to protect the esophageal mucosa against acid are useful in alleviating chronic heartburn, especially in patients with mild reflux symptoms.

Abbreviations: CS: Chondroitin sulfate; DA: Double Action; EE : Erosive esophagitis ; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; HA: Hyaluronic acid; H2RA: Histamine 2 receptor antagonist; ITT: Intention to treat; IM: Irsogladine maleate; NERD: Non-erosive reflux disease; PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; RDQ: Reflux disease questionnaire; QoL: Quality of life.
Endoscopic Aspect of a Severe CMV Colitis induced by Azathioprine in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Preda Carmen M. , Sandra Irina , Becheanu Gabriel , Dumbrava Mona , Manuc Mircea , Diculescu Mircea
Published: November 2016

.
Treatment Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Status in Daily Practice
Authors: Römkens Tessa E.H. , Gijsbers Kim , Kievit Wietske , Hoentjen Frank , Drenth Joost P.H.
Published: November 2016

Background & Aims: Recently, treatment goals in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in clinical trials have shifted from mainly symptom-based to more mucosa-driven. Real world data on treatment priorities are lacking. We aimed to investigate the current practice and most commonly used definitions of IBD treatment targets among Dutch gastroenterologists.

Methods: Dutch gastroenterologists were asked to participate in a computer-based nation-wide survey. We asked questions on demographics, opinion and current practice regarding IBD treatment targets.

Results: Twenty-four percent (134/556) of the respondents completed the survey. For both Crohn’s disease (CD) (47.3%, 61/129) and ulcerative colitis (UC)(45%, 58/129) the main treatment goal was to achieve and maintain deep remission, defined as clinical, biochemical and endoscopic remission. Seventy-six percent of the participants use mucosal healing (MH) as a potential treatment target for IBD, whereas 22.6% use histological remission. There is no single definition for MH in IBD. The majority use Mayo score ≤ 1 in UC (52%) and ‘macroscopic normal mucosa’ in CD (66%).

Conclusion: More stringent and mucosa-driven treatment targets as ‘deep remission’ and ‘mucosal healing’ have found traction in clinical practice. The most commonly used definition for MH in routine practice is endoscopic MAYO score ≤ 1 in UC and ‘macroscopic normal mucosa’ in CD.

Abbreviations: CD: Crohn’s disease; CDEIS: Crohn‘s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity; IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; IBDU: IBD unclassified; IOIBD: International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; MH: Mucosal healing; MMH: Microscopic mucosal healing; PROMS: Patient reported outcome measures; SES-CD: Simple endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease; UC: ulcerative colitis; UCEIS: Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity.
Microbiota Small RNAs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Filip Anca T. , Balacescu Ovidiu , Marian Catalin , Anghel Andrei
Published: November 2016

MiRNAs are a class of potential gene regulators of critical importance in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). This review aims to present the connection between gut microbiota, probiotics administration and microRNA (miRNA) expression in IBD. It also brings into question cross-kingdom RNAi (RNA interference). Not only that gut host cells garden the intestinal microbiome via miRNA, but also strong evidence supports the idea that different species of bacteria have an impact on the intestinal immune response by modulating miRNA expression. Cross-kingdom RNAi refers to RNA silencing signals that travel between two unrelated, interacting organisms. RNAs communication between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (bacteria and nematodes) via RNAs transfer has been proved. Some authors also support the idea that non-coding RNAs are being transferred by bacterial pathogens to the host cells as part of the intracellular infection process. Further studies are required in order to clarify whether the mechanism by which bacteria modulate miRNA expression concerns RNAs transfer. These findings may lead to a different approach to IBD therapy in the future.

Abbreviations: AChE: Acetylcholinesterase; AIEC: Adherent-invasive E coli; ATF: Activating transcription factor; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; BMDC: Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells; C elegans: Caenorhabditis elegans; CCL: Chemokine C-C motif ligand; CD: Crohn’s disease; CDC42: Cell division control protein 42 homolog; CXCL: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand; DC: Dendritic cells; E Coli: Escherichia coli; EcN: E coli Nissle; EPEC: Entheropathogenic E coli; FOXO3: Forkhead box protein O3; GF: Germ-free; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IECs: Intestinal epithelial cells; IGLC: Immunoglobulin Lambda Constant Region; IkB: Inhibitor of NF-Kb; IL: Interleukin; IRGM: Immunity-related GTPase family M protein; L del: Lactobacillus delbrueckii; LGG: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinases; miRNA: MicroRNA; mRNA: Messenger RNA; MyD88: Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88; NF-kB: Nuclear factor kappa B; NOD2: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2; PAR: Partitioning defective protein; RhoB: Ras Homolog Family Member B; RISC: RNA induced silencing complex; RNAi: RNA interference; SHH: Sonic hedgehog (gene); SPF: Specific-pathogen-free; SRNA: Small RNA; STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TGF: Transforming growth factor; Th17: T helper 17 cells; TJ: Tight junction; TLR: Toll like receptor; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; UC: Ulcerative colitis; Xcv: Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria; ZO-2: Zonula occludens-2.
Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Diseases using 2D Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Lupșor-Platon Monica , Badea Radu , Gersak Mirela , Maniu Anca , Rusu Ioana , Suciu Alina , Vicas Cristian , Stefănescu Horia , Urs Radu , Al Hajjar Nadim
Published: November 2016

There has been great interest in the development of non-invasive techniques for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic liver diseases, including ultrasound elastographic methods. Some of these methods have already been adequately studied for the non-invasive assessment of diffuse liver diseases. Others, however, such as two-dimensional Shear Wave Elastography (SWE), of more recent appearance, have yet to be validated and some aspects are for the moment incompletely elucidated. This review discusses some of the aspects related to two-dimensional SWE: the examination technique, the examination performance indicators, intra and interobserver agreement and clinical applications. Recommendations for a high-quality examination technique are formulated.

Key words:  –  –  – Two-dimensional Shear Wave Elastography.

Abbreviations: 2D- SWE: Two-dimensional Shear Wave Elastography; 3D- SWE: Three-dimensional Shear Wave Elastography; AUROC: area under the receiver operating characteristic curves; ARFI Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography; EFSUMB: European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology; HVPG: hepatic venous pressure gradient; LS: liver stiffness; LR: likelihood ratio; NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value; ROI: region of interest; RT-E: Real Time-Elastography; Se: sensitivity; Sp: specificity; TE: Transient Elastography; US: ultrasound; VM: valid measurement; E: Young’s modulus
Impaired Gastric Cancer Survival in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Nissen Loes H.C. , Assendorp Eemke L. , Van der Post Rachel S. , Derikx Lauranne A.A.P. , De Jong Dirk J. , Kievit Wietske , Pierik Marieke , Van den Heuvel Tim , Verhoeven Rob , Overbeek Lucy I.H. , Hoentjen Frank , Nagtegaal Iris D.
Published: November 2016

Background & Aims: Both chronic inflammation and reduced immunosurveillance contribute to malignancy development in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previous literature suggests that especially Crohn’s disease patients are at an increased risk for developing gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to identify risk factors for GC development in IBD and to compare the clinical characteristics of GC in IBD to those in the general population.

Methods: We retrospectively searched the Dutch Pathology Database to identify all Dutch IBD patients with GC between January 2004 and December 2008. Two case-control studies were performed. I: to identify risk factors for GC in IBD, with controls from the IBD South Limburg (IBDSL) population-based cohort; and II: to compare GC disease course in IBD patients with the general population. General population data were obtained from the Eindhoven Cancer Registry (ECR).

Results: We included 59 patients with IBD and GC (cases). Cases were significantly older at IBD diagnosis than IBDSL controls (median age 61 years versus 40; p<0.01), and ulcerative colitis (UC) was more frequent in the case group (69.5% versus 51.4%; p<0.01). We found no difference in age at diagnosis, gender, tumor location and tumor differentiation between IBD GC patients and ECR controls. When corrected for confounders and TNM-stage, IBD patients showed impaired survival (p=0.035; HR 1.385).

Conclusions: Survival is significantly reduced in IBD patients compared to the general population in the multivariate analysis of our study, but age at GC diagnosis and TNM-stage were comparable between IBD cases and controls. Elderly onset IBD emerged as a risk factor for GC development in IBD patients, particularly in UC.

Abbreviations: CD: Crohn’s disease; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; EBER: EBV-encoded RNA; EBER-ISH: EBV-encoded RNA – in situ hybridization; ECCO: European Crohn’s and Colitis Organization; ECR: Eindhoven Cancer Registry; GC: Gastric cancer; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IBDSL cohort: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases South Limburg cohort; MMR proteins: Mismatch repair proteins; RIVM: Dutch National Institute for Public Health and Environment; UC: Ulcerative colitis.

On behalf of the Dutch Initiative on Crohn and Colitis, PALGA Group** and IBD and Gastric Cancer Group***
Unfused Liver Segments: a Case Report of an Unknown Phenotype of the Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndrome
Authors: Bartsch Fabian , Ackermann Maximilian , Lang Hauke , Heinrich Stefan
Published: November 2016

Background: Since its description in 1957, Couinaud`s classification of the segmental organization of the liver has remained valid. However, recent investigations by 3-dimensional computed tomography suggest a significant variability of the vascular anatomy and segment volume. Here, we report a surprise finding during the laparoscopic cholecystectomy of a patient with Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome, in whom the liver segments were not fused.

Case report: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed because of recurrent biliary pancreatitis in a 47 year-old male patient, who had been diagnosed with Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome. Upon direct view, the liver parenchyma appeared normal, but liver segments were separated and connected by fibrous bridges containing vascular structures, only. Since the hilar anatomy was unclear, an open cholecystectomy was performed without technical difficulties and the postoperative course was uneventful. Postoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which revealed a trifurcation of the portal vein and a right bile duct draining into the left main duct. Intersegmental signal alterations corresponded to the fibrous bands seen during laparoscopy.

Conclusions: The intraoperative findings of this case confirm the segmental organization of hepatic anatomy proposed by Couinaud. The first description of such an unusual anatomical variant in an extremely rare genetic disorder strongly suggests an association with the genetic background of the syndrome. The established abnormalities of cholesterol biosynthesis in patients with Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome may well explain the observed liver anomaly, which is a novel phenotype of this syndrome. Based on this case, we suggest a potential involvement of the mutation in the emopamil-binding protein gene in liver development and regeneration.

Abbreviations: CDPX2: X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata; EPB: emopamil-binding protein; MRCP: magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; RCDP: rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctuata.
Serum levels of vitamin D are associated with the severity of the endoscopic appearance of diverticular disease of the colon according to DICA classification
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Elisei Walter , Picchio Marcello , Di Mario Francesco , Brandimarte Giovanni
Published: November 2016

.
Mother– and Father–Adolescent Relationships and Early Sexual Intercourse
Authors: Nogueira Avelar e Silva Raquel , van de Bongardt Daphne , van de Looij-Jansen Petra , Wijtzes Anne , Raat Hein
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the prospective associations between mother-adolescent and father-adolescent relationship quality and early sexual intercourse initiation (ie, ≤16 years) among a large sample of Dutch adolescents.

METHODS:

Two waves of data from the Rotterdam Youth Monitor, a longitudinal study in the Netherlands, were used. The analysis sample consisted of 2931 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years (Meanage@T1 = 12.5 years, SD = 0.61; Meanage@T2 = 14.3 years, SD = 0.60). Variables were assessed by means of self-report questionnaires. Prospective associations between mother-adolescent and father-adolescent relationships and early sexual initiation were assessed by logistic regression analyses, stratified by gender, controlling for various potential confounders.

RESULTS:

We found that only girls (not boys) having a higher-quality relationship with mothers were significantly less likely to have initiated early sexual intercourse between T1 and T2. Bivariate findings showed that both girls and boys having a higher-quality relationship with their father at T1 were significantly less likely to have engaged in early sexual intercourse between T1 and T2, but when assessed multivariately, these associations were no longer significant, neither for boys nor for girls.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings suggest that a higher-quality relationship between adolescents and their parents, especially between mothers and daughters, may help to protect against early sexual initiation. Pediatricians and other health care professionals should be able to explain to parents that early sexual intercourse initiation can be associated with negative health outcomes, but that parents can play an important role in promoting healthy sexual behaviors.
Youth Participation and Injury Risk in Martial Arts
Authors: Demorest Rebecca A. , Koutures Chris ,   COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS, LaBella Cynthia R. , Brooks Margaret A. , Diamond Alex , Hennrikus William , LaBotz Michele , Logan Kelsey , Loud Keith J. , Moffatt Kody A. , Nemeth Blaise , Pengel Brooke , Peterson Andrew
Published: November 2016

This Clinical Report was reaffirmed July 2021.

The martial arts can provide children and adolescents with vigorous levels of physical exercise that can improve overall physical fitness. The various types of martial arts encompass noncontact basic forms and techniques that may have a lower relative risk of injury. Contact-based sparring with competitive training and bouts have a higher risk of injury. This clinical report describes important techniques and movement patterns in several types of martial arts and reviews frequently reported injuries encountered in each discipline, with focused discussions of higher risk activities. Some of these higher risk activities include blows to the head and choking or submission movements that may cause concussions or significant head injuries. The roles of rule changes, documented benefits of protective equipment, and changes in training recommendations in attempts to reduce injury are critically assessed. This information is intended to help pediatric health care providers counsel patients and families in encouraging safe participation in martial arts.
Insatisfação com a imagem corporal e fatores associados em mulheres do sul do Brasil
Authors: Poltronieri Taiara Scopel , Tusset Cintia , Gregoletto Maria Luísa De Oliveira , Cremonese Cleber
Published: November 2016

Objetivo: Associar a insatisfação com a imagem corporal (IC) com fatores sócio demográficos, estado nutricional e transtornos alimentares em mulheres adultas do município de Ipê/RS.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 187 mulheres entre 18 e 59 anos. Aplicou-se um questionário padronizado, composto por informações sócio demográficas, avaliação da insatisfação com a IC (Body Shape Questionnaire) e de sintomas para transtornos alimentares (Questionário EAT- 26). Além disso, foram aferidos peso e estatura para o cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Na análise estatística, frequências foram realizadas, além e teste de tendência linear, qui-quadrado e regressão de Poisson para identificar associações entre o desfecho e fatores de exposição. Foi adotando um nível de significância de 5%.Resultados: Do total, 45,9% das mulheres apresentaram insatisfação com a IC, 40% estavam com excesso de peso, e 17,1% apresentaram sintomas para transtorno alimentar. Estado nutricional e presença de sintomas para transtorno alimentar mostraram-se associadas com insatisfação da IC. Obesas apresentaram 49% maior probabilidade de apresentar o desfecho em relação às eutróficas. Em relação aos sintomas para transtorno alimentar, mulheres com rastreamento positivo mostraram 61% maior probabilidade de ter insatisfação com seu corpo em comparação às mulheres que apresentaram rastreamento negativo para esta variável. Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre variáveis sócio demográficas insatisfação com a IC.Conclusão: Os resultados do estudo sugerem uma elevada prevalência de insatisfação com a IC, independente da faixa etária e do local de moradia. Mulheres com excesso de peso e com sintomas de transtorno alimentar têm maior probabilidade de ter algum grau de insatisfação com a IC.
Condições de saúde e utilização de um serviço de atenção primária em pacientes hipertensos e/ou diabéticos
Authors: Bortoluz Sara , Lima Lena Azeredo de , Nedel Fúlvio Borges
Published: November 2016

Objetivos: Caracterizar condições sociodemográficas e de saúde, hábitos, uso e percepção da qualidade dos serviços de saúde dos hipertensos e/ou diabéticos usuários do Serviço de Saúde Comunitária do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição. Materiais e Métodos: Análise univariada transversal do perfil sociodemográfico, fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, percepção de saúde, utilização e satisfação com o serviço de saúde de uma amostra aleatória de pessoas com hipertensão e/ou diabetes acompanhados pelo Serviço de Saúde  omunitária do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, que responderam a um questionário estruturado com perguntas fechadas, aplicado em entrevista domiciliar por entrevistadores treinados.Resultados: Dos 2.482 analisados, 67% eram apenas hipertensos, 6% apenas diabéticos e 27% apresentavam as duas condições. Eram em maioria mulheres (68%), idosos (60%), com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental completo (78%) e grande parte considerou sua saúde regular (42%) ou boa (41%), sendo que 11% consideraram ruim. Quanto aos fatores de risco, 15% eram fumantes, 30% apresentavam alimentação inadequada, metade eram sedentários e 70% apresentavam excesso de peso, sendo 31% obesos. Mais de 63% consultou com o médico pelo menos uma vez nos últimos seis meses, mas acompanhamento regular por outros profissionais ou a participação em grupos é baixa.Conclusão: Conclui-se que o cuidado com os fatores de risco relacionados com estilo de vida pode ser intensificado, através da melhor utilização dos recursos da unidade de saúde, como participação em grupos, visitas domiciliares e consultas com os enfermeiros e dentistas.
Prevalência e fatores associados à constipação intestinal funcional em universitários
Authors: Olivon Edilene Vitorino , Costa Juliana De Jesus , Machado Alisson Diego , Chaud Daniela Maria Alves , De Abreu Edeli Simioni
Published: November 2016

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à constipação intestinal funcional em universitários.Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 90 universitários de instituições de ensino superior privadas localizadas no município de São Paulo-SP. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do preenchimento de um questionário autoadministrado, contendo perguntas referentes à idade, sexo, etnia, prática de atividade física, tabagismo, peso e estatura autorreferidos, curso de graduação, história familiar de constipação, número de refeições diárias, ingestão de alimentos-fonte de fibras e ingestão hídrica. A presença de constipação intestinal funcional foi determinada de acordo com os critérios de Roma III. Foram criados modelos de regressão logística, em que foram estabelecidas as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada de acordo com as variáveis em estudo.Resultados: Foram avaliados 90 universitários (70 do sexo feminino), com média de idade de 26,8±8,6 anos. A prevalência de constipação intestinal funcional foi de 20,0%. Observou-se que os sintomas mais prevalentes foram menos de três evacuações por semana (30,0%), esforço evacuatório (21,1%), fezes grumosas ou duras (21,1%) e sensação de evacuação incompleta (17,8%). No modelo multivariado, houve diferença estatística arginal apenas para o sexo, sendo que a prevalência foi maior no sexo masculino em relação ao feminino (35,0% e 15,7%, respectivamente, p=0,06). Para os demais fatores, não se observou diferença estatística.Conclusão: A prevalência de constipação intestinal funcional na amostra de estudo pode ser considerada elevada. Não foi identificada associação com fatores de risco clássicos para constipação.
Elevada prevalência de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas entre universitários
Authors: Crepaldi Barbara Virginia Caixeta , Netto Guimarães Hayanny Pires , Barbosa Cinthia Domingos , Molina Larissa Santos , Nogueira Lycea Maria Maciel , Soares Luana Padua
Published: November 2016

Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de fatores de risco compartilhados e modificáveis para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis entre estudantes de uma universidade pública brasileira.Materiais e Métodos: Participaram do estudo 379 alunos de diferentes áreas de conhecimento e períodos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário autoaplicável, contendo questões sobre o âmbito acadêmico, dados socioeconômicos, estado nutricional e estilo de vida.Resultados: No total, 95,4% dos estudantes apresentaram pelo menos três fatores de risco, sendo os mais comuns o baixo consumo de frutas, hortaliças e leite, o consumo de carnes com excesso de gordura, a ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas, a ausência/carência de exercícios físicos e o gasto excessivo de tempo com eletrônicos. Observaram-se diferenças significativas de comportamento em relação a gênero, área de conhecimento e período.Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam um perfil preocupante entre os universitários e demonstram a necessidade de implementação de programas educativos no âmbito acadêmico, a fim de reduzir a exposição dos alunos aos fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.
Inspirômetro de incentivo no pós-operatório de cirurgia torácica: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Baranow Karen Von , Da Silva Nathalia Moura , Moussalle Luciane Dalcanale , Kessler Adriana
Published: November 2016

Introdução: Complicações pulmonares pós-operatórias podem ocorrer após cirurgias pulmonares afetando desfavoravelmente o curso clínico e aumentando o risco de morbidades e mortalidade. A Fisioterapia respiratória atua prevenindo, amenizando ou revertendo essas possíveis complicações, sendo a inspirometria de incentivo uma das técnicas utilizadas.Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do uso da inspirometria de incentivo no período pós-operatório de cirurgia torácica sobre a função pulmonar, força da musculatura ventilatória, complicações pulmonares e o tempo de internação hospitalar.Materiais e Métodos: A busca incluiu as bases Medline/Pubmed, Embase e Scielo, além de busca manual, de setembro a outubro de 2015. Foram incluídos estudos randomizados que avaliaram o uso da inspirometria de incentivo em comparação com outros métodos de tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgia torácica (pulmonar).Resultados: Dos 480 artigos encontrados, três foram incluídos. Todos os estudos selecionados avaliaram a função pulmonar, sendo a sua melhora evidenciada em apenas um estudo. Apenas um avaliou e apresentou melhora na força da musculatura ventilatória. As complicações pulmonares, assim como o tempo de internação hospitalar, não foram reduzidas ou evitadas após o uso da inspirometria de incentivo. Conclusão: Não existem evidências suficientes que justifiquem a recomendação a inspirometria de incentivo no pós-operatório de cirurgias pulmonares sobre a função pulmonar, o tempo de internação hospitalar, força da musculatura ventilatória e as complicações pulmonares.
Estimulação transcraniana não invasiva em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Gomes Aline Freitas , Martins Juliana Saibt
Published: November 2016

Objetivo: Verificar na literatura a finalidade do uso da estimulação transcraniana não invasiva nos indivíduos com paralisia cerebral (PC).Materiais e Métodos: Este estudo se caracteriza como uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A coleta dos dados foi realizada de agosto a setembro de 2015, utilizando as bases eletrônicas Scielo, Medline/PubMed, PEDro e Lilacs. Os descritores e operadores boleanos utilizados foram congenital hemiplegia OR cerebral palsy AND transcranial magnetic stimulation OR transcranial direct current stimulation. Foram incluídos na amostra artigos publicados entre os anos de 2005 e 2015, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português.Resultados: A busca nas bases de dados resultou na coleta de 214 artigos, dos quais 12 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. O maior número de publicações que compuseram a amostra foi publicado entre os anos de 2013 e 2015. Oito estudos aplicaram a estimulação magnética transcraniana (EMT) para realização de diagnóstico, mapeamento cortical e avaliação da função da mão e quatro utilizaram a estimulação por corrente contínua (ETCC) e verificaram seu efeito sobre a distonia e a marcha de indivíduos com PC. Em relação ao tratamento de indivíduos com PC, os estudos mostraram resultados importantes do uso de estimulação transcraniana, sobretudo quando associado à fisioterapia.Conclusão: A pesquisa mostrou que a estimulação transcraniana não invasiva, por meio da EMT e da ETCC, tem sido utilizada na PC com a finalidade de tratamento e diagnóstico.
A família como uma realização da eticidade democrática segundo Honneth: para além do modelo androcêntrico e do naturalismo de Hegel
Authors: Guedes de Lima Francisco Jozivan
Published: November 2016

Este artigo tenciona apresentar a concepção de família como uma esfera da eticidade democrática segundo Axel Honneth, especificamente, a partir da reconstrução socionormativa desenvolvida em Das Recht der Freiheit. Honneth reconstrói como a mulher por meio da inserção no mercado de trabalho conquistou reconhecimento e rompeu com um modelo androcêntrico de divisão das tarefas familiares; analisa a transição do modelo tradicional de família baseado na marginalização da figura feminina para um modelo democrático baseado na parceria e na solidariedade. A reconstrução do modelo normativo de democracia familiar opõe-se à naturalização hegeliana das relações familiares. Honneth entende que a família na sua composição e na sua mudança tem uma base fortemente cultural, de modo que  ela pode ser legitimamente composta por casais heterossexuais, homossexuais e por filhos adotivos.
As solidariedades transnacionais, fenômeno social de escala mundial: a perspectiva europeia
Authors: Devin Guillaume
Published: November 2016

A história das solidariedades transnacionais é relativamente recente. Ela é inseparável de uma maior interação entre as sociedades europeias no início do século 19 e da emergência de um sistema internacional. A solidariedade se torna então um “fato social” e não mais, apenas, um valor moral. Sua transnacionalização, que enfrenta problemas de definição, se desenvolve dentro de condições precisas. A partir de uma perspectiva sócio-histórica, o estudo das solidariedades transnacionais é dessa forma duplamente instrutivo para os internacionalistas. Ele se amparaem fenômenos sociais que se apresentam como marcadores e fatores de transformação nas relações internacionais contemporâneas.
La coexistencia en la diversidad: los conjuntos sociales del Chaco argentino durante la primera mitad del siglo 20, y sus formas de vinculación
Authors: Mari Oscar Ernesto
Published: November 2016

Este artículo investiga el proceso de colonización que tuvo el Territorio Nacional del Chaco en Argentina durante las primeras décadas del siglo 20. Se aborda el estudio de los diferentes grupos que poblaron especialmente el interior de este espacio durante el apogeo del ciclo algodonero, aludiéndose a sus características generales, a sus actividades laborales predominantes; sus formas de vida, modos de vinculación, e influencias en la identidad de esta jurisdicción.
A crise na União Europeia: o futuro como desafio
Authors: De Vares Sidnei Ferreira
Published: November 2016

A Europa Alemã: A crise do euro e as novas perspectivas de poder.
CARA PENGOPERASIAN BUBU PLASTIK UNTUK MENANGKAP IKAN BELUT (Synbrasnchus bangalensis) DI RAWA KABUPATEN BANYUASIN, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Burnawi Burnawi
Published: November 2016

Di Indonesia ada 3 jenis ikan yang sering disebut sebagai ikan belut yaitu Fluta alba, Synbrasnchus bengalensis, dan Makrotrema sp. Jenis ikan belut (Synbrasnchus bengalensis) merupakan ikan belut yang hidup dan berkembang di rawa-rawa (Muljana,1982).
PENYISIPAN GEN WARNA PADA IKAN Carassius auratus MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEKTROFORASI DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS IKAN HIAS
Authors: Hadie Wartono , Kusrini Eni , Priyadi Agus , Alimuddin Alimuddin
Published: November 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan teknik rekayasa penyisipan gen warna pada ikan hias dan pengetahuan tentang pola pewarisannya yang akan dapat membantu perbaikan mutu ikan. Metode yang diterapkan adalah elektroforasi. Ikan hias yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah ikan komet (Carassius auratus) sedangkan gen pemendar yang digunakan adalah GFP (green fluorescent protein) dengan konstruksi DNA yang digunakan berbentuk plasmid yang dikontrol oleh promoter b-aktin dari ikan Japanese flounder (ikan sebelah) dengan panjang fragmen pKer-GFP 6,0 kb. Sintasan dan keberadaan gen GFP diamati mulai dari telur menetas. Ekspresi gen dapat diamati setelah fase terbentuknya sirip dan dilakukan secara deskriptif (performa) dan PCR. Hasil yang diperoleh gen GFP terekspresi mulai pembentukan sirip dan hasil cek PCR semua ketiga konsentrasi DNA yang dicobakan mempunyai ekspresi yang sama. Untuk dapat mengetahui ekspresi gen GFP sampai pada F0 masih menunggu ikan dewasa dan matang gonad.This research was aimed to obtain a method for introduction of exogenous gene of green flourescent protein (GFP) in order to improve the ornamental fish color appearance. The method used were electroporation. The Carassius auratus were used in this research. The construct of flourescent gene of pKer-GFP as DNA construct of plasmid controlled by b-actin of Japanese flounder with pKer-GFP 6.0 kb in length. Survival rate and gene expression of GFP assessed right after the eggs hatched. Gene expression was observed using PCR product and direct observation. The result show that the expression of GFP from all of three treatments were observed but not significantly different. This expression however should be wait until the fish mature.
EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN VITAMIN C (ASCORBIC ACID) PADA PAKAN KOMERSIAL UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT KOI HERPESVIRUS (KHV) PADA IKAN MAS, Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Taukhid Taukhid , Lusiastuti Angela Mariana
Published: November 2016

Riset dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi teknik pengendalian penyakit KHV pada ikan mas melalui penggunaan imunostimulan yaitu penambahan vitamin C pada pakan komersial dengan dosis yang berbeda telah dilakukan pada skala laboratorium. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah penambahan vitamin C jenis CFC-90 (microencapsulated vitamin C) pada pakan komersial dengan berbagai dosis yaitu: (A) tanpa vitamin C, sebagai kontrol, (B) vitamin C sebanyak 250 mg/kg pakan, (C) vitamin C sebanyak 500 mg/kg pakan, (D) vitamin C sebanyak 750 mg/kg pakan, dan (E) vitamin C sebanyak 1.000 mg/kg pakan. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali. Pada hari ke-15, seluruh kelompok perlakuan diinfeksi KHV secara buatan dengan teknik kohabitasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tingkah laku, gejala klinis, dan mortalitas ikan uji yang dilakukan setiap hari hingga akhir percobaan. Rataan persen sintasan ikan uji tertinggi pada akhir riset diperoleh pada penambahan vitamin C sebanyak 750 mg/kg pakan yaitu sebesar 82,22%; diikuti dengan penambahan vitamin C 250 mg/kg pakan sebesar 70,00%; vitamin C 1.000 mg/kg pakan sebesar 61,11%; vitamin C 500 mg/kg pakan sebesar 58,89%; sedangkan rataan sintasan terendah diperoleh pada kelompok kontrol yaitu sebesar 27,78%.Research with the aim to evaluate the technique of KHV disease control carp through the use of immunostimulatory namely the addition of vitamin C in commercial diet with different doses have been performed in a laboratorial scale. The treatment applied was the addition of vitamin C of CFC-90 (microencapsulated vitamin C) in the commercial diet with different doses, namely: (A) without vitamin C, as control, (B) Vitamin C 250 mg/kg feed, (C) vitamin C of 500 mg/kg feed, (D) Vitamin C 750 mg/kg feed, and (E) of vitamin C as much as 1,000 mg/kg feed. Each treatment was repeated three times. On day 15th, all treatment groups were artificially infected with KHV using cohabitation techniques. Observations conducted to monitor behavior, clinical symptoms and mortality of fish tests were done every day until the end of the experiment. The highest mean percent of survival rate was recorded in treatment D by adding vitamin C as much as 750 mg/kg of feed that was equal to 82.22%, followed by the addition of vitamin C 250 mg/kg diets at 70.00% (treatment B), Vitamin C 1,000 mg/kg feed amounted to 61.11% (treatment E), vitamin C 500 mg/kg diets at 58.89% (treatment C), while the lowest average of survival rate was obtained in the control group that was equal to 27.78%.