bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of a Wireless Fidelity Network Using the Open Shortest Path First Protocol in the Computer and Network Engineering Research Room at Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Murad Fachroni Arbi , Kurniawan Asep
Published: January 2025

The rapid advancement of information and communication technology has driven educational institutions to optimize their technological infrastructure to support academic and research activities. One crucial element in education, particularly in the Computer Engineering and Networking Research Room at Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, is the availability of reliable internet connectivity. Wireless technology, such as Wi-Fi, provides a flexible and easily accessible solution. However, its effectiveness depends significantly on proper design and the implementation of appropriate routing protocols to ensure optimal performance. In the field of computer networking, routing protocols play a vital role in determining the most efficient route for data transmission. The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is widely recognized for its ability to select the optimal path based on metrics such as path cost and speed. By implementing OSPF, Wi-Fi network management can become more efficient, ensuring stable and reliable data transmission even in complex network traffic scenarios. This study aims to design a Wi-Fi network utilizing the OSPF protocol in the Computer Engineering and Networking Research Room at Politeknik Negeri Jakarta. The anticipated outcome is a network that not only meets the research requirements but also serves as a model for adoption by other educational institutions.
Model of Implementation of Integration of Islamic Religious Education and Science at MAN 2 Model Medan
Authors: Dalimunthe Aldi Wijaya , Salminawati Salminawati , Dahlan Zaini
Published: January 2025

The Research and Development and Training Agency of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia has instructed every madrasah unit to integrate science because madrasahs have a mission of integrating science, MAN 2 Model Medan as a pilot madrasah in North Sumatra certainly implements integration but the pattern and model of integration applied are not yet known. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the understanding of MAN 2 Model Medan policy makers about the integration of Islamic religious education and science and to determine the planning, implementation and model of integration of Islamic religious education and science at MAN 2 Mode Medan . The type of research used by the researcher is qualitative research. The researcher conducted observations and collected data naturally without manipulating the subjects studied. The researcher used data collection techniques by means of observation, observation, interviews and documentation. While the data analysis technique by means of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions of data takes place and after the completion of data collection in a certain period, in the form of all written or oral data from people and observed behavior. Based on the research results, it was found that: 1) The understanding of MAN 2 Model Medan policy makers regarding the concept of integrating Islamic religious education and science does not yet have original administrative guidelines. However, policy makers continue to implement the integration of Islamic religious education and science with the guidelines of the independent curriculum, namely KMA No. 437 of 2022 and its renewal in KMA No. 450 of 2024; 2) Planning the integration of Islamic religious education and science in learning through annual independent curriculum workshops and MGMP meetings and planning P5RA activities; 3) Implementation of the Integration of Islamic religious education and science through several activities, namely teaching and learning activities, extracurricular activities, Madrasah Science Competition (KSM) activities, P5RA activities and superior activities of the MAN 2 Model Medan Dormitory; 4) The model for the integration of Islamic religious education and science at MAN 2 Model Medan is the integration of scientific materials (Religion, Science and social) and integration through the instillation of Islamic studies in various madrasah activities
Origins and development of the state regulation of science popularization in Russia. (Part 1)
Authors: Yudina I. G.
Published: January 2025

Today, the government pays special attention to science and science popularization. This includes legal regulation, in particular, and makes the focus of the humanities scholars. However, the issues of the origins of science education of the community, including via the librarianship, are understudied. The goal of this s tudy i s t o r eveal a nd a nalyze t he l egislative a cts o n n on-formal education regulation adopted in 1725–1917. The study focused on the documents comprising definitions related to the science popularization in its modern sense. In Part 1, the author discusses the results of content analysis of the legal documents regulating operations of the Academy of Sciences, libraries, museums and exhibitions. It was found that the first legal regulations of the science education date back to the early 18th century and were addressed to the Academy members. The public lectures delivered by scholars, museum displays, excursions, translations of the popular science reviews and publications were the earliest legally regulated science popularization forms in Russian history
Approaches to Inclusive Collaborative Learning in Art Education in Chile
Authors: Bernaschina Diego
Published: January 2025

The paper aims to analyze the relationship between inclusive education and cooperative learning through art teaching, reflecting on the need to promote an inclusive pedagogical approach that values educational diversity and encourages collaboration, favoring a more democratic and respectful environment in the classroom. The methodology used was qualitative-experimental, combining collaborative analysis and teaching practices in artistic education. It focused on the active interaction between teachers and inclusive students, implementing educational resources and socio-educational processes (diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation) to promote cooperative learning adapted to the diversity of the classroom. The results show that inclusive arts education and its methodology are complex to integrate into the educational system. Two groups were presented: the first, a structural model that describes progressive layers of teacher-student interaction in the inclusive classroom; the second, inclusive methodologies such as cooperative, collaborative and project-based learning, which promote socio-educational inclusion and art teaching. The inclusive approach in art education faces challenges due to a lack of resources and awareness. Post-contemporary didactics favor collaboration and social inclusion, improving cognitive and emotional skills. It is essential to implement these methodological changes in the Chilean educational system, promoting diversity and creative participation in the classroom. In conclusion, it is essential to update and design new artistic teaching instruments and cooperative-creative learning methodologies for students with special needs, promoting an innovative approach that respects educational and cultural diversity; this transformation, guided by the principles of pluralism and creativity, aims at inclusive and quality education in the long term.
Avaliação de risco cardiovascular pré-operatório em pacientes oncológicos
Authors: Teixeira Lopes Adriellen Laiza , Felice Castro Issa Aurora
Published: January 2025

Pacientes oncológicos podem ser desafiadores na avaliação pré-operatória, seja devido ao tempo limitado entre a avaliação e o procedimento cirúrgico, ou seja, pelos diversos fatores de risco associados como exposição prévia a quimioterápicos, idade avançada, interações medicamentosas e grau de fragilidade.  Esse trabalho consiste numa revisão integrativa da literatura, que busca responder como avaliar o risco cirúrgico cardiovascular dos pacientes oncológicos frente a cirurgias eletivas, com o objetivo de identificar os riscos que essa população específica pode apresentar, e como realizar o manejo desses pacientes a fim de evitar maiores complicações no período perioperatório. A revisão integrativa é um tipo de revisão da literatura cuja metodologia é mais ampla, possibilitando a inclusão de estudos variados, sendo estes experimentais ou não-experimentais. As etapas para elaboração desse artigo de revisão, se baseiam no trabalho de Souza et al. (2010), que consiste na elaboração de uma revisão integrativa, dividida em seis etapas. Do total de 99 artigos selecionados para leitura de texto completo, 23 foram selecionados e os principais níveis de evidência encontrados foram para estudos descritivos e analíticos, com abordagem quantitativa (12; 52%) e revisões da literatura (11,48%). Sendo demonstrado uma escassez de artigos experimentais controlados e randomizados nesse perfil de pacientes. Esse trabalho mostra que ainda existem lacunas de conhecimento na cardio-oncologia no contexto de pacientes cirúrgicos, e esforços em estudar esse perfil de pacientes se fazem necessários.
Pedagogical Benefits of Exit Polling
Authors: Crofoot Justin , Peterson Rolfe
Published: January 2025

In this project, a collection of professors from universities across Pennsylvania provided the opportunity for students to administer exit poll surveys in the 2024 presidential election. Students varied in their level of involvement from completing analyses, forming survey questions, and developing research designs to strictly collecting surveys on election day. This project exemplifies the multiple benefits of integrating undergraduate students into research activity. Students completed post-activity surveys to discuss their development in response to this project. Additionally, data from the project is used in future research, often in collaboration with undergraduate students. The hope is to expand this research and more specifically identify the mechanisms by which activities outside of the classroom foster democratic values and promote civic engagement as a high-impact practice.
Teaching Research Methods through Residential Learning Communities
Authors: Bynion Timothy , Victor Jennifer
Published: January 2025

Learning communities have been implemented in colleges and universities across the country in an effort to enhance the learning experience for undergraduate students. Scholars have noted the potential for these communities to help students build skills outside of the classroom as well as improve their performance inside the classroom. In this paper, we investigate the potential for learning communities to improve students’ attitudes toward the oft-dreaded subject of research methods. In the fall 2022 and fall 2023 semesters, we conducted two large-scale research projects on college students’ voting behavior in which students in a residential learning community participated as undergraduate study assistants. In addition, we surveyed students who had participated in various forms of research across three years of the learning community. We find that experiential exposure to social science has a moderate and positive effect on students’ interest and propensity to study research methods.
INTEGRATED ROLE MODEL PENGOLAHAN SUSU MENJADI KEJU DENGAN APLIKASI PERHITUNGAN PRODUKSI
Authors: Irfin Zakijah , Hidayatinnisa Nurul , Chrisnandari Rosita Dwi , Rosiani Ulla Delfana , Rulianah Sri
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this community service is to integrate a zero-waste model for processing milk into cheese with a production calculation application at KU Mustarika Jaya Makmur Ngantang. This project aims to address several key issues faced by the cooperative, such as unstandardized milk quality, lack of product diversification, and insufficient economic analysis of dairy products. By implementing supply chain management practices, conducting comprehensive training sessions, and developing a digital application for production calculations, the project seeks to enhance the cooperative's operational efficiency and product quality. The results of the project demonstrate a significant improvement in the cooperative members' knowledge and skills in supply chain management, cheese production techniques, and economic analysis. The integration of a zero-waste model has led to more efficient use of resources and reduced waste, contributing to environmental sustainability. The production calculation application has provided the cooperative with valuable insights into cost management and profitability, facilitating more informed business decisions. Overall, this community service initiative has successfully enhanced the operational, leading to increased productivity, better product quality, and improved economic outcomes for the cooperative members.
Exploring and practicing trans-cultural humanistic education for medical students based on life education
Authors: Yang Jinfeng , Zhou Junhai , Pan Yanhong , Liu Chen , Deng Honglin , Chen Jian
Published: January 2025

Medical humanities are the soul of health education. Humanistic education proposes to improve the conscious and practical activities of educated people and promote their humanity, realize personal and social values, cultivate ideal personalities, and develop a trans-cultural humanistic spirit. The development of higher education has considerably strengthened the integration of scientific and humanistic education in China. This study analyzed the up-to-date teaching situation of medical humanities courses in medical schools considering the following aspects: teachers’ team construction, teaching mode, practical teaching, assessment and evaluation systems, and inadequate platforms. Relevant reforms based on life education were proposed, including improving the integrity of the teaching team, building suitable curriculum system and teaching theory, setting proper evaluation standard for both students and teachers, and providing adequate platforms for practice of humanistic medicine. This study aimed to promote the students’ medical humanities literacy, thus providing potential strategy and reference for improving medical humanistic education.
Association of contraception use and pregnancy intention with perinatal depression risk among Omani mothers—a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Khalaf Atika , Al Amri Nawal , Ny Pernilla , Mathew Rebecca
Published: January 2025

Background

Unplanned pregnancy is significantly associated with an increased risk of perinatal depression (antenatal and postnatal depression), emphasizing its prevalence and its potentially detrimental effects on both maternal and child health. This study aimed to investigate the association of contraception use and pregnancy intention with the risk of perinatal depression among Omani mothers.

Methods

A prospective longitudinal study design was employed to investigate perinatal depression risk in mothers attending antenatal health care services in Oman. Perinatal depression risk was assessed using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale during the third trimester and postpartum visits. Multiple linear regression analyses were utilized to explore relationships between the risk of perinatal depression and pregnancy-related factors, contraception use, and sociodemographic variables.

Results

The study involved 300 participants with a mean age of 30.8 years (SD = 5.47). The majority of participants reported planned pregnancy (74.0%), no use of contraception (66.0%), and being multiparous (72.7%). A significantly higher proportion (87.8%) of women with planned pregnancies were primiparous (p < 0.001). Besides family structure (core family, p = 0.025) and monthly income (1,000 OMR or below, p = 0.021), mothers who were pregnant for the first time (p < 0.001), and those who were primiparous (p < 0.001) did not use contraception. The regression models showed a significant association between the antenatal and postnatal depression scores (p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.401–0.603) according to the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that women with unplanned pregnancies warrant attention for early detection and preventive interventions, irrespective of their emotional stance. Incorporating routine mental health screening into perinatal care can facilitate early detection, and targeted interventions, contributing to improved maternal mental well-being.
The Impact of Lifestyle on Individual’s Perception of Urban Agriculture
Authors: Gavrilaș Simona , Brînzan Oana , Blaga Radu Lucian , Sinaci Maria , Tigan Eugenia , Mateoc-Sîrb Nicoleta
Published: January 2025

Urban-farming activities can provide durability to an area, ensuring, among other benefits, environmental awareness, access to fresh food, individual health, and, potentially, an increased family income. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between the following benefits of urban agriculture perceived by the inhabitants of western Romanian towns: socialisation and recreation and the avoidance of food waste with their levels of education and financial situations. The data were collected through an online questionnaire, completed by 648 respondents, and processed in SPSS-IBM using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey interval test. The study results demonstrated that a high level of education leads to increased belief in the contributions that urban farming makes to improving the socialisation and recreation of city residents. The income level also significantly shapes opinions regarding the contribution of urban agriculture to the increase in recycling. This study reflected critical lifestyle perspectives that impact people’s perception of the benefits of urban agriculture. The findings are expected to provide new insights for regulators and decision-makers, enabling them to develop tailored methods, strategies, policies, and legal measures to achieve sustainable growth in the urban community.
Agro-Physiological and Morphological Responses of Pearl Millet to Varying Water Regimes in Semi-Arid Conditions of Namibia
Authors: Moseki Ofentse , Kangueehi Grace , Chiteculo Vasco , Zink Matthias , Wanga Maliata Athon
Published: January 2025

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. BR.) is a C4 plant adapted to semi-arid climates and is one of the primary staple foods in Sub-Saharan Africa, including in Namibia. The decline in yields associated with water scarcity over the years has been a national concern in the country. An experimental field trial was conducted at the Mannheim Crop Research Station, Namibia, during the 2023 and 2024 cropping seasons to investigate the response of two local pearl millet cultivars (Kangara and Okashana 2) to different water regimes (100%, 75%, and 50% crop evapotranspiration [ETc]) according to morpho-physiological and yield parameters. Pearl millet was planted in a split-plot factorial design with four rows per plot under the three water regimes, and the genotypes were planted in subplots. The results revealed that the water regime had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, tillers, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, stem thickness, number of productive tillers, panicle diameter, panicle length, dry panicle weight, biomass, grain weight, and 1000-seed weight of the two pearl millet cultivars (p < 0.001). At 50% ETc, the water regime significantly reduced the growth and yield parameters compared with the 75% ETc and 100% ETc water regimes, highlighting the significance of water in plant development and growth. The findings highlighted that both cultivars responded similarly to water stress. Seventy-five percent of ETc is recommended to be applied in pearl millet systems in semi-arid conditions. This research has significant implications for the planning and producing of pearl millet under water-limited environments under changing climatic conditions.
Analysis of Singlet Oxygen Luminescence Generated By Protoporphyrin IX
Authors: Vikas Vikas , Yang Weibing , Wilson Brian C. , Zhu Timothy C. , Hadfield Robert H.
Published: January 2025

The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer treatment relies on the generation of cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2) in type II PDT. Hence, monitoring of 1O2 generation during PDT enables optimal treatment delivery to the tumor target with reduced off-target effects. Direct 1O2 observation by measuring its luminescence at 1270 nm remains challenging due to the very weak signal. This study presents 1O2 luminescence measurements using a time-resolved singlet oxygen luminescence detection system (TSOLD) applied to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in different solvents (ethanol and acetone) and biological media (bovine serum albumin and agarose-based solid phantom). The compact experimental setup includes a nanosecond diode laser with a function generator, a cuvette with photosensitizer solution, optical filtering and mirrors, an InGaAs single-photon avalanche diode detector, and time-tagger electronics. Increasing the concentration of PpIX in these media from 1 to 10 µg/g resulted in a 3–5 × increase in the 1O2 luminescence signal. Furthermore, increasing light scattering in the sample using Intralipid from 0.1 to 1% led to a decrease in the 1O2 luminescence signal and lifetime. These results confirm the marked effect of the microenvironment on the 1O2 signal and, hence, on the photodynamic efficacy.
Microscopic Simulation of Heterogeneous Traffic Flow on Multi-Lane Ring Roads and Highways
Authors: Li Haizhen , Ju Yongfeng
Published: January 2025

In the connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) environment, vehicles with different levels of automation are being deployed on public roads. Most research focuses on traffic flow simulation for a single vehicle type, while there are few studies on the interactions of mixed traffic involving CAVs, autonomous vehicles (AVs), and human-driven vehicles (HDVs). To fill this gap, this study investigates the traffic performance of heterogeneous traffic on multi-lane ring roads and highways with on-ramps. Leveraging the Python and SUMO simulation platform, the JAD strategy is introduced to optimize the dynamic interactions within heterogeneous traffic flow. Various scenarios with different proportions of CAVs, AVs, and HDVs were simulated to assess their impact on traffic efficiency, dynamics, safety, and environmental factors. The findings indicate that traffic efficiency, stability, and environmental impact improve as the share of HDVs declines and the proportion of CAVs and AVs rises. In scenarios with more HDVs, the improvements are minimal. Traffic safety gradually improves as the proportion of CAVs and AVs increases, with significant improvements observed when CAVs account for 40% of vehicles on ring roads and 50% on highways. This study advances the understanding of complex interactions in mixed traffic scenarios and their implications for traffic management.
Computation of Variable Noise Reduction System Efficiency for Supersonic Civil Aircraft During Takeoff
Authors: Kopiev Victor , Belyaev Ivan , Velichko Sergey
Published: January 2025

The noise of next-generation supersonic civil aircraft can become a significant nuisance for the population in the vicinity of airports. This study investigates the efficiency of the noise control approach for a notional supersonic civil aircraft at takeoff, based on the implementation of a variable noise reduction system (VNRS) with thrust control. Noise levels are computed with a decoupling approach, where the engine noise data and the flight trajectory are calculated independently. It is shown that implementation of the VNRS for the supersonic civil aircraft could lead to a reduction in the certification noise levels at the lateral and flyover measurement points by about 4 EPNdB. The effect of VNRS on noise levels for two allowable positions of the lateral certification point (on the sideline and on the extended runway centerline) is considered and compared for the first time. It is found that the cumulative noise reduction at the flyover and lateral certification point due to the VNRS is larger by 0.8 EPNdB for the position of the lateral certification point on the sideline than for the position on the extended runway centerline.
Lessons Learned from the Rapid Implementation of Telehealth Group Psychotherapy at a Safety-Net Health System in the U.S
Authors: Greig Astrea , Benedetto Emily , Livitz Irina , Huang Hsiang
Published: January 2025

There is inadequate availability and access to behavioral health services to meet demand, and this issue amplified during the pandemic, creating a mental health crisis. Group therapy is an effective way to meet this need. The rapid implementation of telehealth group psychotherapy as part of a Primary Care Behavioral Health Integration program in a U.S. safety-net health care setting is described. Implementation lessons are summarized as barriers or facilitators, using thematic analysis of qualitative data from meeting notes. Major facilitators identified include having key staff serve as technology champions, dedicated administrative leadership to operationalize workflows, and communication and collaboration across teams and layers of infrastructure. Major barriers include uncertainty about operational workflows and technological challenges. While group visit volume initially waned, it began to rebound and quantitative analysis of demographic data shows that important underserved populations were reached. Frequent communication, collaboration, and adaptation among teams are critical elements for improving the likelihood of successful telehealth group therapy. It is feasible to expeditiously implement telehealth group psychotherapy in safety-net health care systems with limited resources.
Preparedness, Response, and Communication Preferences of Dairy Farmers During Extreme Weather Events: A Phenomenological Case Study
Authors: Okolo Emmanuel C. , Landaverde Rafael , Doerfert David , Piñeiro Juan Manuel , Hudson Darren , Elbert Chanda , Opat Kelsi
Published: January 2025

In 2021, Winter Storm Uri severely affected several Texan agricultural sectors, including dairy production. To understand how dairy producers experienced this extreme weather event, this qualitative phenomenological case study explored perceptions of preparedness, coping strategies, and information needs and preferences for dealing with extreme weather events among dairy producers in Texas, conducting individual semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that farmers felt unprepared to deal with extreme weather events and suffered significant economic losses due to this lack of preparedness. In response to winter storm Uri, dairy farmers modified traditional operations and management practices to mitigate negative impacts on farm labor, infrastructure, and herds. Our results, along with the existing literature on communication for extreme weather event management, highlighted that dairy farmers do not receive adequate information to effectively prevent and cope with similar occurrences in the future. Consequently, this study recommends exploring effective strategies to help agricultural producers develop plans to manage the effects of extreme weather events. Additionally, it integrates place-based, pluralistic, and demand-driven approaches to identify the best communication practices, enhance timely information dissemination on extreme weather, and strengthen the technical capacities of public and private entities, including Cooperative Extension Systems, as trusted resources for agricultural producers.
Advancements in Locoregional Therapies for Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: O’Donnell Conor D. J. , Majeed Umair , Rutenberg Michael S. , Croome Kristopher P. , Poruk Katherine E. , Toskich Beau , Jin Zhaohui
Published: January 2025

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy with rising incidence and poor outcomes. This review examines recent advancements in locoregional therapies for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, focusing on external beam radiotherapy, transarterial radioembolization (TARE), hepatic artery infusion pump (HAIP) chemotherapy, and liver transplantation. Stereotactic body radiation therapy and proton beam therapy have shown promise in achieving local control and improving survival. TARE, with personalized dosimetry, has demonstrated encouraging results in select patient populations. HAIP chemotherapy, primarily studied using floxuridine, has yielded impressive survival outcomes in phase II trials. Liver transplantation, once contraindicated, is now being reconsidered for carefully selected patients with localized disease. While these locoregional approaches show potential, randomized controlled trials comparing them to standard systemic therapy are lacking. Patient selection remains crucial, with factors such as liver function, tumor burden, and molecular profile influencing treatment decisions. Ongoing research aims to optimize treatment sequencing, explore combination strategies with systemic therapies, and refine phenotype identification and patient selection criteria. As the landscape of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma management evolves, a multidisciplinary approach is essential to tailor treatment strategies and improve outcomes for patients with this challenging disease.
Evaluating Carotid Plaque Stiffness with Ultrasound 2D Shear-Wave Elastography in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Alzahrani Adel , Alharbi Amjad Ali , Alharbi Amjad Khalid , Alkhaldi Asma , Filimban Asseel Z. , Alfatni Abrar , Kaifi Reham , Albngali Ahmad , Alkharaiji Mohammed , Alserihy Omar , Sultan Salahaden R.
Published: January 2025

Background: Coronary and carotid artery diseases are manifestations of a systemic atherosclerotic process, often coexisting in patients affected by both conditions. This association emphasizes the importance of evaluating both coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in high-risk individuals. Ultrasound 2D shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) has shown promise as a noninvasive technique for assessing carotid plaque stiffness. This prospective pilot study aimed to assess carotid plaque stiffness in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and those not scheduled for the procedure as a control group. Methods: 32 patients (17 CABG and 15 controls) were recruited, collectively presenting 43 carotid plaques. Bilateral carotid ultrasound was performed using a high-resolution linear transducer. Plaque stiffness was quantified via 2D-SWE, expressed in shear-wave velocity (SWV, m/s) and Young’s modulus (YM, kPa). Plaque characteristics, including GSM, were quantified. Intra-observer reproducibility was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots. Statistical differences and correlations were assessed using Mann–Whitney U and Spearman’s correlation tests. Results: Carotid plaques in the CABG group exhibited significantly lower stiffness compared to controls (median stiffness SWV: 3.64 m/s vs. 4.91 m/s, p < 0.0001; YM: 20.96 kPa vs. 72.54 kPa, p < 0.0001). ICCs demonstrated excellent reproducibility for stiffness measurements (SWV: ICC = 0.992; YM: ICC = 0.992), with minimal bias in measurements. A positive correlation was observed between 2D-SWE and GSM values (SWV: r = 0.343, p = 0.024; YM: r = 0.340, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Ultrasound 2D-SWE has shown promise as a reliable tool for quantifying carotid plaque stiffness, demonstrating high reproducibility and a significant correlation with GSM. The observed reduction in plaque stiffness among CABG patients highlights its potential as a valuable parameter for identifying high-risk plaques and assessing cerebrovascular risk in patients undergoing CABG.
Molecular Clustering of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Based on Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Ryu Gina , Yoon Eileen Laurel , Kim Wankyu , Jun Dae Won
Published: January 2025

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a complex metabolic disorder with a diverse spectrum. This study aimed to classify patients with MASLD into molecular subtypes based on the underlying pathophysiology. Methods: We performed high-throughput RNA sequencing on 164 liver tissue samples from healthy controls and patients with MASLD. The clustering was based on individual genes or pathways that showed high variation across the samples. Second, the clustering was based on single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Results: Optimal homogeneity was achieved by dividing the samples into four clusters (one healthy control and three MASLD clusters I–III) based on the top genes or pathways with differences across the samples. No significant differences were observed in waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT), or aspartate transferase (AST) levels between cluster I patients with MASLD and the healthy controls. Cluster I showed the clinical features of lean MASLD. Cluster III of MASLD demonstrated hypertension and a T2DM prevalence of 57.1% and 50.0%, respectively, with a significantly higher fibrosis burden (stage of fibrosis, liver stiffness, and FIB-4 value) than clusters I and II. Cluster III was associated with severe fibrosis and abnormal glucose homeostasis. In MASLD cluster I, the sphingolipid and GPCR pathways were upregulated, whereas the complement and phagocytosis pathways were downregulated. In MASLD cluster II, the cell cycle and NOTCH3 pathways increased, whereas the PI3K and insulin-related pathways decreased. In MASLD cluster III, increased activity occurred in the interleukin-2 and -4 and extracellular matrix pathways, coupled with decreased activity in the serotonin 2A and B pathways. Conclusions: MASLD can be divided into three distinct molecular phenotypes, wherein each is characterized by a specific molecular pathway.
Research Trends Concerning the Danube Delta: A Specific Social-Ecological System Facing Climate Uncertainty
Authors: Rus Mircea-Iosif , Munteanu Ionela , Vaidianu Natașa , Aivaz Kamer-Ainur
Published: January 2025

This study seeks to examine the development of scientific literature concerning the Danube Delta, an exceptional ecosystem characterized by its rich biodiversity, which is facing challenges from both climate change and human activities. It aims to identify significant trends in research publications from 1862 to 2023. The methodology employed involves a thorough bibliometric examination of articles catalogued in the Scopus database, utilizing specific criteria to ensure the direct applicability of the research to the Danube Delta. The analysis centers on factors such as publication frequency, citation rates, as well as collaborations among institutions and across international borders, thus shedding light on the scientific contributions and their practical implications in protecting the region’s unique ecosystem. The research findings indicate a notable surge in scholarly interest in the Danube Delta, particularly amidst growing global concerns regarding climate change. Furthermore, it is observed that highly cited studies often address issues related to habitat preservation, human impacts, and strategies for adapting to changing environmental conditions. The significance of international collaboration emerges as a crucial aspect in enhancing the caliber and relevance of research, underscoring the necessity for a coordinated global endeavor to study and safeguard this vital ecosystem. The research emphasizes the necessity of adopting a comprehensive and interdisciplinary methodology in studying the Danube Delta, offering insights for crafting conservation policies that address both local and global environmental concerns. Its findings offer a robust framework for steering future research endeavors and conservation initiatives, underscoring the crucial significance of international scientific cooperation in sustainably managing biodiversity amidst climate change challenges. While the study offers valuable insights, it is essential to acknowledge certain limitations, like underrepresentation of non-English language studies and methodological or modeling limitations. By acknowledging these limitations and exploring the suggested research avenues, future studies can further enhance our comprehension and management of the Danube Delta within the context of prevailing and forthcoming global challenges.
Households’ (In)Security in the European Union: From Principal Components to Causality Analysis
Authors: Pricop Ionuț-Andrei , Diaconu (Maxim) Laura
Published: January 2025

Economic security is considered one of the primary aspects of well-being and it is usually closely associated with poverty. This article intends to explore the main determinants of economic (in)security in European Union countries and to investigate the relationship between the level of economic insecurity and the degree of economic freedom. In order to achieve our goal, we used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to stipulate a composite and standardized index of economic insecurity in the European Union and, afterwards, we utilized panel data regressions to analyze its correlation with the variables of the Index of Economic Freedom.
Business Simulation Games for the Development of Decision Making: Systematic Review
Authors: Velez Alexander , Alonso Rebeca Kerstin
Published: January 2025

Business simulation games (BSGs) are considered a useful instructional tool to be implemented in the classroom, especially in light of new trends in education. The key components of the paradigm are BSGs and Decision Making (DM), as the latter is often essential to a high-quality education. Thus, over the last 10 years, efforts to find possible methods to enhance BSG learning experiences for the development of DM in higher education have increased. The goals of this article were to examine the effect of BSGs on students’ DM at university, and to identify the elements that can be developed in the BSG learning experience to promote DM. Following PRISMA criteria, a systematic review was carried out using Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. A total of 13 of the 2897 papers that were first discovered underwent a comprehensive review, with all conclusions and findings subjected to analysis. Following implementation, the majority of the BSG learning experiences enhanced DM results. In summary, a few key elements have been highlighted that must be followed to ensure the BSG learning experience helps students foster their DM.
Decarbonization of Blast Furnace Gases Using a Packed Bed of Ca-Cu Solids in a New TRL7 Pilot
Authors: Fernandez Jose Ramon , Alonso Monica , Mendez Alberto , Diaz Miriam , Garcia Roberto , Cano Marcos , Alzueta Irene , Abanades Juan Carlos
Published: January 2025

This work outlines the commissioning and initial experiments from a new pilot plant at Arcelor Mittal Gas Lab (Asturias, Spain) designed to decarbonize up to 300 Nm3/h of blast furnace gas (BFG). This investigation intends to demonstrate for the first time at TRL7 the calcium-assisted steel-mill off-gas hydrogen (CASOH) process to decarbonize blast furnace gases. The CASOH process is carried out in packed-bed reactors operating through three main reaction stages: (1) H2 production via the water–gas shift (WGS) of the CO present in the BFG assisted by the simultaneous carbonation of CaO; (2) oxidation of the Cu-based catalyst with air, and (3) reduction of CuO with a fuel gas to regenerate CaO and produce a concentrated CO2 stream. The first experimental campaign used 200 kg of commercial Ca- and Cu-based solids mixed to create a 1 m reactive bed, which is sufficient to validate operations and confirm the process’s effectiveness. A product gas with 40% of H2 is obtained with CO2 capture efficiency above 95%. Demonstrating at TRL7 the ability to convert BFG into H2-enriched gas with minimal CO/CO2 enables remarkable decarbonization in steel production while utilizing existing blast furnaces, eliminating the need for less commercially developed production processes.
Problematic Media Use and Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents: The Role of Age and Gender
Authors: Rodríguez-Rojo Inmaculada Concepción , Luengo-González Raquel , Peñacoba-Puente Cecilia , García-Sastre Montserrat , Espín-Lorite Ernesto , Cuesta-Lozano Daniel , Asenjo-Esteve Ángel , Noriega-Matanza Concepción
Published: January 2025

Background: Adolescence is a critical biopsychosocial adjustment period, with increased susceptibility to problematic media use (PMU) and associated risk-taking behaviors. The aim of the present study consisted of identifying the relationship between PMU (i.e., videogames, mobile phones, internet, and television) and anxiety in adolescents, considering the moderating effect of gender and age. Methods: A descriptive study using a national survey was conducted on a sample of 4034 participants. Results: Significant gender mean differences were found in PMU and anxiety, with large and moderate effect sizes for PMU (videogames) in males (d = 0.86) and anxiety in females (d = 0.67). Additionally, a direct positive relationship between age and anxiety was observed. Furthermore, PMU significantly predicted anxiety after controlling for age and gender in all cases. Gender had a significant and stronger moderating effect on PMU (television) and anxiety for the male subgroup. The moderating effect of age on PMU and anxiety was statistically significant and more pronounced at younger ages. Conclusions: This research demonstrates the association between PMU and anxiety in adolescents, highlighting the need to further explore other moderating factors influencing mental health symptoms beyond age and gender. It is important to emphasize that mental health is a shared responsibility and not solely the domain of mental health professionals. Therefore, initiatives should be promoted to engage educators, parents, and policymakers in addressing this collective challenge.
International Partnerships in Health Education: Adapting E-Learning Models for Conflict-Affected Myanmar
Authors: D’Apice Clelia , Guasconi Massimo
Published: January 2025

Background: In the wake of Myanmar’s 2021 military coup, the University of Parma, in partnership with Myanmar and Brazilian institutions, developed an asynchronous e-learning program to sustain healthcare education amid severe disruptions. The program aimed to address urgent training needs in emergency medicine, public health management, and mental health, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals. Methods: An educational needs assessment involving 298 surveys and 10 interviews identified training priorities. Based on these findings, a four-module e-learning course was created, covering basic life support, trauma care, pediatric emergencies, and psychological assistance. The course utilized prerecorded high-fidelity telesimulations with multilingual support to ensure accessibility. Evaluation included participant satisfaction using the MSSE questionnaire and knowledge acquisition through post-module quizzes. Results: Over 750 students participated, with significant knowledge acquisition observed—60% scored 8 or higher across all modules. The MSSE questionnaire, completed by 152 students, revealed high satisfaction, with 88% agreeing that the course enhanced clinical reasoning, decision-making, and self-reflection Conclusions: This program demonstrates the value of international partnerships and e-learning in sustaining medical education during crises. High student engagement and strong learning outcomes affirm its efficacy. Future iterations will aim to improve completion rates, refine feedback mechanisms, and expand accessibility. This scalable model offers a blueprint for addressing healthcare training needs in conflict-affected and resource-limited settings, contributing to global health resilience and the achievement of Universal Health Coverage.
The Determinants of Men’s Health Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Public Safety Personnel in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Haji Mukhti Muhammad Iqbal , Ibrahim Mohd Ismail
Published: January 2025

Background: Men’s health behaviors influence health outcomes but remain understudied in high-risk occupational groups. This study examines determinants of health behaviors among public safety personnel using Andersen’s Behavioral Model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 257 male public safety personnel in Kelantan, Malaysia. Participants were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using proforma and the validated Malay Health Behavior Inventory-Short Form (MHBI-SF). Multiple logistic regression identified factors associated with poor health behaviors. Results: Key risk factors for poor health behaviors included reliance on parental influence (AOR: 5.54; 95% CI: 1.74–17.64) and restricted healthcare access during leisure time (AOR: 4.70; 95% CI: 1.43–15.49). Protective factors included peer influence (AOR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.05–0.71) and transportation support (AOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.06–0.79). Conclusions: Addressing barriers to healthcare access and enhancing social support are critical to promoting healthy behaviors among men in high-risk occupations. Targeted interventions can reduce health disparities and improve outcomes.
Moments of Care: Perceptions of Young Carers and Day-to-Day Well-Being
Authors: Kavanaugh Melinda S. , Zawadzki Matthew J. , Johnson Kayla T. , Boville Miranda R.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Over 5 million youth under the age of 19 provide daily, hands-on care to an ill or injured family member across the United States. Yet how these young carers perceive the care they deliver in the moment, and how these perceptions relate to well-being, is unexplored, particularly in complex neurological conditions. This paper presents initial data on young carers for a family member with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to measure perceptions of care in the moments of care and the cognitive and emotional states of the young carers during those moments. Young carers (n = 15) aged 10–19 were followed for seven days, completing assessments three times per day, which provided 260 total measurements. Young carers reported frequently engaging in caregiving (~39% of assessments). Results: The results indicated that it was not simply performing a caregiving task that related to outcomes, but rather how caregiving moments were perceived that mattered. Caregiving moments perceived as more fulfilling resulted in young carers feeling less discontent and more focused, whereas caregiving moments perceived as lacking resources predicted more discontent and distress. Exploratory analyses highlighted the potential for burden for young carers. They reported high levels of worry when they were not around the care recipient, with this worry predicting feeling more discontent and distressed. Conclusions: Young carers are deeply involved in care and perceive care differently across moments, both positive and negative. These initial data can be used to develop targeting support programs in the moment of care, potentially lessening the negative impacts of care.