bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Naming and shaming as a strategy for enforcing the Paris Agreement: The role of political institutions and public concern
Authors: Dannenberg Astrid , Lumkowsky Marcel , Carlton Emily K. , Victor David G.
Published: September 2023

Enforcement is a challenge for effective international cooperation. In human rights and environmental law, along with many other domains of international cooperation, “naming and shaming” is often used as an enforcement mechanism in the absence of stronger alternatives. Naming and shaming hinges on the ability to identify countries whose efforts are inadequate and effectively shame them toward better behavior. Research on this approach has struggled to identify factors that explain when it influences state behavior in ways that lead to more cooperation. Via survey of a large (N = 910) novel sample of experienced diplomats involved in the design of the Paris Agreement, we find support for the proposition that naming and shaming is most accepted and effective in influencing the behavior of countries that have high-quality political institutions, strong internal concern about climate change, and ambitious and credible international climate commitments. Naming and shaming appears less effective in other countries, so further enforcement mechanisms will be needed for truly global cooperation. We also find that the climate diplomacy experts favor a process of naming and shaming that relies on official intergovernmental actors, in contrast with studies suggesting that NGOs, media, and other private actors are more effective at naming and shaming. We suggest that these tensions—the inability for naming and shaming to work effectively within the countries least motivated for climate action and the preference for namers and shamers that seem least likely to be effective—will become central policy debates around making cooperation on climate change more enforceable.
Girls’ comparative advantage in language arts explains little of the gender gap in math-related fields: A replication and extension
Authors: Wan Sirui , Lauermann Fani , Bailey Drew H. , Eccles Jacquelynne S.
Published: September 2023

Women remain underrepresented in most math-intensive fields. [Breda and Napp,
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
116
, 15435 (2019)] reported that girls’ comparative advantage in reading over math (i.e., the intraindividual differences between girls’ reading vs. math performance, compared to such differences for boys) could explain up to 80% of the gender gap in students’ intentions to pursue math-intensive studies and careers, in conflict with findings from previous research. We conducted a conceptual replication and expanded upon Breda and Napp’s study by using new global data (PISA2018,
N
= 466,165) and a recent US nationally representative longitudinal study (High School Longitudinal Study of 2009,
N
= 6,560). We coded students’
intended
majors and careers and their
actual
college majors. The difference between a student’s math vs. reading performance explained only small proportions of the gender gap in students’ intentions to pursue math-intensive fields (0.4 to 10.2%) and in their enrollment in math-intensive college majors (12.3%). Consistent with previous studies, our findings suggest girls’ comparative advantage in reading explains
a minority
of the gender gap in math-related majors and occupational intentions and choices. Potential reasons for differences in the estimated effect sizes include differences in the operationalization of math-related choices, the operationalization of math and reading performance, and possibly the timing of measuring intentions and choices. Therefore, it seems premature to conclude that girls’ comparative advantage in reading, rather than the cumulative effects of other structural and/or psychological factors, can largely explain the persistent gender gap in math-intensive educational and career choices.
Norm-violating rhetoric undermines support for participatory inclusiveness and political equality among Trump supporters
Authors: Hall Matthew E. K. , Druckman James N.
Published: September 2023

Over the last decade, the United States has seen increasing antidemocratic rhetoric by political leaders. Yet, prior work suggests that such norm-violating rhetoric does not undermine support for democracy as a system of government. We argue that, while that may be true, such rhetoric does vitiate support for specific democratic principles. We test this theory by extending prior work to assess the effects of Trump’s norm-violating rhetoric on general support for democracy as well as for the principles of participatory inclusiveness, contestation, the rule of law, and political equality. We find that Trump’s rhetoric does not alter attitudes toward democracy as a preferred system but does reduce support for inclusiveness and equality among his supporters. Our findings suggest that elite rhetoric can undermine basic principles of American democracy.
From intersection to interculture
Authors: Öztürk Sare Rabia
Published: September 2023

The present chapter explores some of the
pre-Ottoman cultural dynamics in the Middle East that led to the
meeting of Turkish, Arabic and Persian as densely intercrossing
languages in the formation of the classical Ottoman cultural sphere.
It aims to chart the movement of people, knowledge, customs,
practices and centers of power across the Middle East in a
historical survey that will offer a networked flow of such movements
and highlight the place of translation in the process. It roughly
covers the period from the 5th century to the 14th century, which is
about a hundred years into the start of the Ottoman empire in the
region.

The central premise is that the historical flows
between the three cultures associated with Arabic, Persian and
Turkish led to the classical Ottoman setting of
interculture (Paker 2002), whereby Ottoman translators
engaged with Persian and Arabic as both source languages and
language components of an Ottoman epistemic discourse. It highlights
the degree to which cultural input can be influenced by
intercultural transfers in several domains such as science,
literature, bureaucracy, education and religion.
The role of literary agents in the international flow of
texts
Authors: Tekgül-Akın Duygu
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the role of international
literary agents in the flow of texts and the network of relations of
the global literary market. A major element of agents’ work is
interlingual translation, complemented by cultural and intersemiotic
translation, as they act as brokers between authors, translators and
publishers located in different national contexts. In the case of
literary agents promoting lesser-known national literatures abroad,
the role of cultural mediation also includes managing the image of
nations and cultures. The study explores the acts of translation
that international literary agents undertake and commission, as well
as acts of image building through such translation. The analysis is
based on a case study from Turkey: Kalem Agency, the largest
literary agency in the country. The discussion draws on content and
discourse analysis based on interviews with the co-founder, Nermin
Mollaoğlu, as well as published news items and promotional material
produced by Kalem.
Tablet interpreting
Authors: Goldsmith Joshua
Published: September 2023

Since the release of the first modern tablets in the
early 2010s, interpreters have explored ways to incorporate these devices
into their practice. This trend has grown as institutions issued tablets to
staff interpreters and universities and freelancers explored tablet
interpreting.

This article describes the first decade of tablet
interpreting, which is defined as “the use of a tablet to support one or more aspects of interpreting.” It begins by painting a picture of its history, discussing
pioneering explorations of tablet use and situating tablet interpreting
within the broader context of computer-assisted interpreting (CAI). Then,
it analyzes published research on tablet interpreting and considers how tablets can be used for preparation, different interpreting modes (consecutive, simultaneous, and hybrid modalities) business productivity, and the teaching of interpreting. After presenting this comprehensive snapshot of tablet interpreting
research to date, it considers the strengths and shortcomings of
tablets for interpreting and gaps in tablet interpreting research. It concludes by outlining six key
directions for future research on tablet interpreting.
Towards AI-enhanced computer-assisted interpreting
Authors: Fantinuoli Claudio
Published: September 2023

Over the last 20 years, digital tools for interpreters
have evolved from easy-to-use glossary creation and management solutions to
complex workstations that cover most stages of the interpreter workflow,
from assignment preparation to terminology lookup during interpretation.
Currently, computer-aided interpretation (CAI) tools are starting to offer
advanced features based on recent developments in artificial intelligence,
such as automatic speech recognition, machine translation, etc., sometimes
becoming part of integrated platforms, for example for the provision of
remote interpretation.

This chapter provides a historical overview of CAI tools
focusing on current technological developments in the artificial
intelligence (AI) space. It begins by discussing the rationale for creating
tailor-made interpreter support tools in the light of interpreters’ specific
needs. Against this background, the author offers a chronological overview
of the development of CAI technology and a comparison and categorization of
the available tools. Previous research on computer-assisted interpreting is
briefly presented. It follows a general introduction to key AI topics as
applied to the field of interpreting technology. The conclusions address
potential avenues for future developments and challenges.
Grammatical mapping in L3 acquisition
Authors: Fernández-Berkes Éva , Flynn Suzanne
Published: September 2023

In this chapter, we focus on the question of how
development may take place in multilingual (L3) acquisition and
the role of prior knowledge in this process. The theoretical paradigm
called Grammatical Mapping (GM) (Lust, 2012 for L1
acquisition) supposes an active, albeit unconscious, creative
involvement of the learner in the construction of the specific language
grammar constrained and guided by Universal Grammar
(UG). We propose that the GM paradigm provides a valid and
principled account of the process of multilingual acquisition as
well. By means of presenting concrete examples from our previous
experimental research, we will illustrate how the three essential
predictions deriving from this paradigm also bear out in the
multilingual scenario. Similar to L1 acquisition, UG’s structure-dependent and invariant principle(s) are
shown to be at work in multilingual
development. Moreover, based on error analyses of
multilingual learners’ errors and
reformations in elicited productions, we present
tangible indications that multilingual learners draw upon previously
known language grammars while engaged in linguistic computation –
analysis, dissociation and integration – of target language-specific
components. Our contribution to the GM paradigm is
the specification of the manner in which multilingual learners draw
upon previous knowledge in the construction of new target grammar,
thus extricating explicit from implicit linguistic knowledge. We
expect that the application of this paradigm onto multilingual
experimental data may shed light on the degree to which
domain-specific innate principles guide and constrain language
acquisition in general.
Dynamics in cross-linguistic influence
Authors: Zhang Linxi , Morales-Front Alfonso , Sanz Cristina
Published: September 2023

With the aim of uncovering the dynamics
of cross-linguistic influence (CLI), the present
study investigates the production of word-initial stops by
L1 Mandarin-L2 English
bilinguals learning L3 Spanish over
the course of a semester. For this purpose, six Spanish
majors at a university in Beijing, China (two 2nd semester,
two 4th semester and two 6th semester) were recorded reading
word lists containing voiced and voiceless stop
consonants in Mandarin, English and Spanish. Stop tokens
were coded for voice onset
time (VOT). Individual plots revealed different
patterns for voiced and voiceless stops; they also detected
trends of both progressive
and regressive CLI in VOT
with variation among and within learners. Findings support
the hypothesis that CLI operates
property by property and is sensitive to the
learning of a phonological feature as
well as to a learner’s proficiency level. Results are
discussed within the Complex Dynamic System Theory (CDST)
framework.
Cooling by Coulomb Heat Drag Based on Three Coupled Quantum Dots
Authors: Gao 高 Jin-Zhu 金柱 , Liu 刘 Xing 行 , Wang 王 Jian-Hui 建辉 , He 何 Ji-Zhou 济洲
Published: September 2023

We establish a model for a four-terminal thermoelectric system, based on three coupled quantum dots, which consists of a left/right electron reservoir (the source and the drain), two thermal reservoirs and three coupled quantum dots. Based on the master equation theory, we derive the expressions of the electron current and heat flow among the three quantum dots and the corresponding reservoir. We show that the source can be cooled by passing a thermal current between the two thermal reservoirs, with no net heat exchange between the thermal reservoirs and the electron reservoirs. This effect is called the Coulomb heat drag effect. Then, we define the coefficient of performance (COP) and the cooling power. The influence of the main system parameters, such as charging energy, energy level, and temperature, on the performance of the four-terminal thermoelectric system is analyzed in detail. By choosing appropriate parameters one can obtain the maximum cooling power and the corresponding COP. Finally, we also show that the Maxwell demon effect can be realized by using nonequilibrium thermal reservoirs in our four-terminal thermoelectric system.
Understanding interfacial conductance in non-stoichimetric Ca
x
Ta
y
O3−δ
/SrTiO3
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Nehra Simran , Shrivastava Shikha , Rathi A , Maurya K K , Ojha Sunil , Chhillar Sonu , Yadav C S , Chawla Vipin , Dogra Anjana
Published: September 2023

In search of novel conducting oxide heterointerfaces, we previously uncovered an distinctive quasi two-dimensional electron gas (q-2DEG) type behaviour in non-stoichimetric CaxTayO3-δ/SrTiO3 heterostructure. However, the underlying mechanism remained enigmatic. In this study, we delve into the intricate interplay of growth conditions, stoichiometry, and transport properties of these heterostructures. Using (Ca0.5TaO3)2 Target and the pulsed laser deposition technique, we grow the epitaxial thin films while systematically varying growth parameters, inculding laser energy density, oxygen pressures, and post-deposition annealing. Structural analysis unveiled a notable presence of oxygen vacancies in the as-grown films, while annealed samples exhibited an oxygen surplus. Building upon these findings, our comprehensive charge transport measurements revealed that while oxygen vacancies do contribute to conductivity, the polar catastrophe model takes precedence as the primary source of interfacial conductance in these heterostructures. This study provides valueable insights into the behavior of these innovative heterostructures, paving the way for future advancements in the field.
Ultra-thin 2D Fe3GaTe2 rare-earth free permanent magnet at finite temperatures
Authors: Marfoua Brahim , Khan Imran , Hong Jisang
Published: September 2023

Despite extensive studies on permanent magnets (PMs) in bulk-type materials, the possibility of PMs in two-dimensional (2D) materials is barely explored so far. In this work, we systematically investigate temperature dependent magnetic properties of 2D trilayer and four-layer Fe3GaTe2 systems based on the first principle calculations. The calculated Curie temperature (T
C) in both trilayer and four-layer structures are 340 K–352 K. Both systems have perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and the uniaxial anisotropy constant is monotonically decreased with increasing temperature. At 300 K, the 2D Fe3GaTe2 has a coercive field of 0.34 T in the trilayer and it becomes 0.44 T in the four-layer. Besides, both systems have a magnetic hardness parameter κ larger than 1 even at 300 K. We also obtain a maximum energy product (BH)max of 24 kJ m−3 in the trilayer, and it is further increased to 26 kJ m−3 in the four-layer at 300 K. Nonetheless, these (BH)max are decreased by more than two times with including the demagnetization factor. Overall, we obtain that 2D Fe3GaTe2 at 2–3 nm (trilayer and four-layer) thickness possesses the same scale of coercive field and maximum energy product of well-known bulk ferrite PM. Our findings may indicate that the atomically thin 2D system can be a potential rare-earth-free PM for small-scale device applications.
A multi-axis alternating continuous rotation scheme for tri-axis rotational inertial navigation system (RINS) with fiber optic gyro
Authors: Lu Yao , Wang Wei , Liu Yuao , Guo Zhenwei
Published: September 2023

Benefiting from the rotational modulation technique and the gimbal structure, rotational inertial navigation system (RINS) can improve navigation accuracy by about one order of magnitude compared with the strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS). By continuously rotating around a fixed axis, the constant and slow variability errors perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis can be effectively restrained while the errors in the direction of the rotation axis cannot be suppressed. Therefore, a multi-axis rotation scheme needs to be designed. Meantime, the fiber optic gyro (FOG), as a very popular inertial device, is well suited for RINS but has a larger scale factor error and poorer stability than the laser gyro; thus, it is not suitable to flip the inertial measurement unit (IMU) around the horizontal axis too much in the rotation scheme to avoid the rapid accumulation of horizontal misalignment angle. Accordingly, we propose a multi-axis alternating continuous rotation scheme for tri-axis RINS with FOG. During the navigation process, the inner, middle and outer gimbals rotate forward and reverse in sequence. The IMU rotates continuously in the three-axis direction can effectively suppress the effects of constant and slow-varying errors and also avoid the large velocity errors oscillation caused by flipping the IMU. The simulations and navigation tests show that the multi-axis alternating continuous rotation scheme can achieve navigation accuracy comparable to the multi-position rotation scheme and reduce the oscillation of velocity errors, which has important research significance and engineering value for the research of RINS with FOG.
Diagnosis of bearing fault signals based on empirical standard autoregressive power spectrum signal decomposition method
Authors: Zhang Shuqing , Sun Yufei , Dong Wei , You Sanzheng , Liu Yanze
Published: September 2023

Signal decomposition is an essential tool for the time–frequency analysis of bearing fault signals. Methods for extracting effective fault characteristic information from bearing vibration signals have received increasing attention from researchers. This paper proposes a novel signal decomposition method, called empirical standard autoregressive power spectrum decomposition (ESARPSD), to diagnose bearing faults. First, the normalized autoregressive power spectrum of the bearing fault signal is obtained and its bounds are derived using the lowest minima principle. The decomposed component signals are then filtered through a zero-phase filter bank. Each decomposition component is then demodulated and the respective envelope spectrum is observed to determine the corresponding fault frequency. Zero-phase filter banks are used to deal with the problems of noise interference, which makes decomposition difficult, and frequency aliasing, which occurs when the signal-to-noise ratio is low. Moreover, through normalized autoregressive power spectrum and resonance demodulation techniques, adaptive signal decomposition can accurately separate the target high-frequency vibration signals and detect the fault frequency. The accuracy and performance of the proposed ESARPSD method were validated using simulated signals and actual experimental data. The results demonstrate that this method can effectively decompose bearing fault signal and identify all fault characteristics.
A droplet friction/solar-thermal hybrid power generation device for energy harvesting in both rainy and sunny weathers
Authors: Dong Suwei , Xu Yunfan , Li Mingchao , Yang Xifeng , Xing Fangjian , Di Yunsong , Liu Cihui , Zheng Yubin , Liu Yushen , Yang Guofeng , Gan Zhixing
Published: September 2023

Photovoltaic device is highly dependent on the weather, which is completely ineffective on rainy days. Therefore, it is very significant to design an all-weather power generation system that can utilize a variety of natural energy. This work develops a water droplet friction power generation (WDFG)/solar-thermal power generation (STG) hybrid system. The WDFG consists of two metal electrodes and a candle soot/polymer composite film, which also can be regarded as a capacitor. Thus, the capacitor coupled power generation (C-WDFG) device can achieve a sustainable and stable direct-current (DC) output under continuous dripping without external conversion circuits. A single device can produce an open-circuit voltage of ca.0.52 V and a short-circuit current of ca.0.06 mA, which can be further scaled up through series or parallel connection to drive commercial electronics. Moreover, we demonstrate that the C-WDFG is highly compatible with the thermoelectric device. The excellent photothermal performance of soot/polymer composite film can efficiently convert solar into heat, which is then converted to electricity by the thermoelectric device. Therefore, this C-WDFG/STG hybrid system can work in both rainy and sunny days.
Range verification in heavy-ion therapy using a hadron tumour marker
Authors: Kasanda E , Bildstein V , Hymers D , Easter J , Richard A L , Baumann T , Spyrou A , Höhr C , Mücher D
Published: September 2023

Objective. A new method to estimate the range of an ion beam in a patient during heavy-ion therapy was investigated, which was previously verified for application in proton therapy. Approach. The method consists of placing a hadron tumour marker (HTM) close to the tumour. As the treatment beam impinges on the HTM, the marker undergoes nuclear reactions. When the HTM material is carefully chosen, the activation results in the emission of several delayed, characteristic γ rays, whose intensities are correlated with the remaining range inside the patient. When not just one but two reaction channels are investigated, the ratio between these two γ ray emissions can be measured, and the ratio is independent of any beam delivery uncertainties. Main results. A proof-of-principle experiment with an 16O ion beam and Ag foils as HTM was successfully executed. The 107Ag(16O, x)112Sb and the 107Ag(16O, x)114Sb reaction channels were identified as suitable for the HTM technique. When only one γ-ray emission is measured, the resulting range-uncertainty estimation is at the 0.5 mm scale. When both channels are considered, a theoretical limit on the range uncertainty of a clinical fiducal marker was found to be ±290 μm. Significance. Range uncertainty of a heavy-ion beam limits the prescribed treatment plan for cancer patients, especially the direction of the ion beam in relation to any organ at risk. An easy to implement range-verification technique which can be utilized during clinical treatment would allow treatment plans to take full advantage of the sharp fall-off of the Bragg peak without the risk of depositing excessive dose into healthy tissue.
The NCS code of practice for the quality assurance of treatment planning systems (NCS-35)
Authors: Schuring D , Westendorp H , van der Bijl E , Bol G H , Crijns W , Delor A , Jourani Y , Ong C Loon , Penninkhof J , Kierkels R , Verbakel W , van de Water T , van de Kamer J B
Published: September 2023

A subcommittee of the Netherlands Commission on Radiation Dosimetry (NCS) was initiated in 2018 with the task to update and extend a previous publication (NCS-15) on the quality assurance of treatment planning systems (TPS) (Bruinvis et al 2005). The field of treatment planning has changed considerably since 2005. Whereas the focus of the previous report was more on the technical aspects of the TPS, the scope of this report is broader with a focus on a department wide implementation of the TPS. New sections about education, automated planning, information technology (IT) and updates are therefore added. Although the scope is photon therapy, large parts of this report will also apply to all other treatment modalities. This paper is a condensed version of these guidelines; the full version of the report in English is freely available from the NCS website (http://radiationdosimetry.org/ncs/publications). The paper starts with the scope of this report in relation to earlier reports on this subject. Next, general aspects of the commissioning process are addressed, like e.g. project management, education, and safety. It then focusses more on technical aspects such as beam commissioning and patient modeling, dose representation, dose calculation and (automated) plan optimisation. The final chapters deal with IT-related subjects and scripting, and the process of updating or upgrading the TPS.
Magnetisation and demagnetisation of trapped field stacks in a superconducting machine for electric aircraft
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Hongye , Hao Luning , Hu Jintao , Wei Haigening , Patel Ismail , Shah Adil , Coombs Tim
Published: September 2023

This research presents a comprehensive and innovative approach to investigating the magnetisation and cross-field demagnetisation behaviour of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coated conductors (CCs) in practical superconducting machines. This study introduces several novel contributions, including the operation of the machine in propulsion energy conversion mode, the exploration of harmonics interaction in a real electric machine environment involving CCs, and the extraction of these harmonics as cross-field components. A 2D electromagnetic-thermal coupled numerical model employing the finite element method has been developed and validated against experimental data to simulate a partially superconducting machine. Upon magnetisation, the HTS stacks effectively operate as trapped field magnets, generating rotor fields for motor operation. With a peak magnetic flux density of 462 mT of the trapped field stacks (TFSs) in the air gap, the average values of the fundamental and fifth harmonics of the tangential magnetic flux density experienced by the TFSs were observed to be 25 mT and 1.75 mT, respectively. The research has thoroughly examined the impact of cross-field demagnetisation parameters including amplitude and frequency on the demagnetisation of TFSs. Furthermore, the study has also investigated the magnetisation losses occurring in various layers of HTS tapes, encompassing the HTS layer, magnetic substrate layer, and silver stabiliser at different amplitudes and frequencies. Two tape structures, namely a semi-homogenised model and a multi-layered model, have been analysed in terms of magnetisation loss. Additionally, insights into the shielding effect and skin effect at high frequencies were obtained, offering valuable information on the performance of HTS TFSs exposed to high frequency scenarios especially in high-speed machines for electric aircraft. The research outcomes are anticipated to provide valuable knowledge for the design and optimisation of HTS rotors employing TFSs in superconducting machines, contributing to the advancement of superconducting machine technology.
Magnon boundary states tailored by longitudinal spin–spin interactions and topology
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Ke Yongguan , Lei Zhoutao , Lee Chaohong
Published: September 2023

Since longitudinal spin–spin interaction is ubiquitous in magnetic materials, it is very interesting to explore the interplay between topology and longitudinal spin–spin interaction. Here, we examine the role of longitudinal spin–spin interaction on topological magnon excitations. Remarkably, even for single-magnon excitations, we discover topological edge states and defect edge states of magnon excitations in a dimerized Heisenberg XXZ chain and their topological properties can be distinguished via adiabatic quantum transport. We uncover topological phase transitions induced by longitudinal spin–spin interactions whose boundary is analytically obtained via the transfer matrix method. For multi-magnon excitations, even-magnon bound states are found to be always topologically trivial, but odd-magnon bound states may be topologically nontrivial due to the interplay between the transverse dimerization and the longitudinal spin–spin interaction. For two-dimensional spin systems, the longitudinal spin–spin interaction contributes to the coexistence of defect corner states, second-order topological corner states and first-order topological edge states. We propose an experimental scheme to realize and measure the magnon boundary states in superconducting qubits. Our work opens an avenue for exploring topological magnon excitations and has potential applications in topological magnon devices.
The BGOOD experiment at ELSA
Authors: Jude TC , Beck R , Braghieri A , Cole P , Salvo R Di , Elsner D , Fantini A , Freyermuth O , Fromberger F , Ghio F , Groß J , Kohl K , Sandri P Levi , Mandaglio G , Pedroni P , Romaniuk M , Scheluchin G , Schmieden H , Sonnenschein A
Published: September 2023

The BGOOD photoproduction experiment accesses forward meson angles and low momentum exchange kinematics in the uds sector, which may be sensitive to molecular-like hadron structure. Recent results are presented, including strangeness photoproduction at forward meson angles, and π0π0 coherent photoproduction off the deuteron.
Light Baryon Spectroscopy
Authors: Thiel Annika
Published: September 2023

The precise understanding of the interaction inside the nucleons is still an open question in hadron spectroscopy. To tackle this issue, nucleons are excited by photons and their excitation spectra are determined. This effort is addressed by several different experiments worldwide, where different polarization observables are extracted for various reactions. This proceeding will give a short overview about the current status in Light Baryon Spectroscopy.
Heavy flavor production in p–p collisions as a function of multiplicity using different modes of Pythia 8
Authors: Tripathy Tulika , Naik Bharati , Nayak Ranjit , Behera Nirbhay , Nandi Basanta K. , Dash Sadhana
Published: September 2023

The production of mesons containing charm quarks in p–p collisions at

s

=
7

TeV has been explored as a function of multiplicity using Pythia 8 event generator. The effects of various processes at the partonic level such as different modes of color reconnection and rope hadronization have been studied. The comparison of relative yields (Yield/⟨Yield⟩) of D-mesons and J/ψ as a function of charged-particle multiplicity for various transverse momentum (p
T) ranges, measured by the ALICE experiment with the estimations of the Pythia 8 model is performed. The results are in reasonable agreement within the framework of microscopic processes. The relative yields of B-mesons have also been predicted for various pT
intervals (1 <pT< 20 GeV/c) with Pythia 8 in p–p collisions at

s

=
7

TeV.
Probing Chiral Magnetic Wave phenomena in Pb–Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Das Prottay ,   ALICE Collaboration
Published: September 2023

The interplay of the chiral anomaly and the strong magnetic field ( ∼1015 T) created in non central heavy-ion collisions could give rise to a collective excitation in the quark-gluon plasma called the Chiral Magnetic Wave (CMW), which can be experimentally sought through the charge asymmetry (A
ch) dependence of the elliptic flow v
2 of positively and negatively charged hadrons. However, non-CMW mechanisms such as local charge conservation (LCC) interwined with collective flow can also lead to a similar dependence of v
2 on A
ch. The measurement of triangular flow (v
3) thus serves as a reference as it is not expected to be affected by the CMW. In this study the slope parameters of Δv
2 vs A
ch and Δv
3 vs A
ch are estimated and compared with each other and with theoretical models to probe the CMW background.
Shell model study of first-forbidden beta decay around 208Pb
Authors: Srivastava P. C. , Sharma S. , Kumar A. , Choudhary P.
Published: September 2023

In the present work, we report a systematic theoretical study of the log ft values for the forbidden β
− decay transitions in the 208Pb region. For this, we have considered 206Hg → 206Tl, 208Hg → 208Tl, 206Tl → 206Pb and 208Tl → 208Pb transitions. We have performed shell model calculations using KHH7B interaction in valence shell 58-114 for protons and 100-164 for neutrons by considering 1p − 1h excitations for both protons and neutrons simultaneously for daughter nuclei. This study presents the first shell model results of β
−-decay corresponding to the recent experimental data.
Nuclear Structure Effects in Fission
Authors: Åberg S , Albertsson M , Carlsson BG , Døssing T , Möller P , Randrup J
Published: September 2023

Three examples of nuclear structure effects in fission dynamics are discussed: (i) The appearance of a super-short symmetric mode in the fission of nuclei around 264Fm leading to two double-magic 132Sn, (ii) Fission of some super-heavy elements where the heavy cluster is focused around double-magic 208Pb, and (iii) A saw-tooth distribution in angular momenta versus the fission fragment mass in the fission of 239U. The Metropolis random walk method is used to simulate the strongly damped fission dynamics on a 5D deformation grid. The dynamics is driven by pairing-, shape- and energy-dependent level densities. When available, a good agreement with experimental data is obtained.
Recent results on the analysis of the 48Ti(18O, 20Ne)46Ca reaction at 275 MeV
Authors: Sgouros O , Cavallaro M , Cappuzzello F , Carbone D , Agodi C , Altana C , Brischetto G A , Calabrese S , Calvo D , Capirossi V , Chávez Lomelí E R , Ciraldo I , Cutuli M , De Gregorio G , Delaunay F , Djapo H , Eke C , Ferreira J L , Finocchiaro P , Fisichella M , Foti A , Gargano A , Guazzelli M A , Hacisalihoglu A , Iazzi F , La Fauci L , Linares R , Lubian J , Medina N H , Moralles M , Oliveira J R B , Pakou A , Pandola L , Pinna F , Russo G , Soukeras V , Souliotis G , Spatafora A , Torresi D , Yildirim A , Zagatto V A B ,   NUMEN collaboration
Published: September 2023

The 18O+48Ti reaction was studied at the energy of 275 MeV for the first time under the NUMEN and NURE experimental campaigns with the aim of investigating the complete reaction network potentially involved in the 48Ti→48Ca double charge exchange transition. Understanding the degree of competition between successive nucleon transfer and double charge exchange reactions is crucial for the description of the meson exchange mechanism. Into this context, angular distribution measurements for one- and two-nucleon transfer reactions for the system 18O+48Ti were performed at the MAGNEX facility of INFN-LNS in Catania. An overview of the status of the analysis for the two-proton transfer reaction will be given.
Effect of low lying vibrational and rotational energy levels on the fusion cross-sections
Authors: Jain Nishu , Bhuyan M. , Kumar Raj
Published: September 2023

In heavy-ion fusion reactions, the coupling of various degrees of freedom to the relative motion leads to an enhancement in the sub-barrier fusion cross-section compared to the 1-dimensional barrier penetration model. The present work aims to explore the exclusive effect of low-lying vibrational and rotational energy levels in the enhancement of cross-sections for 12C induced reactions at the energy below and around the Coulomb barrier using the CCFULL code. The results show that for the negative and positive values of β4, the rotational energy states up to 2+ and 6+ significantly contributed to the fusion cross-sections which leads to fusion enhancement. These results can be useful for better understanding the dynamics of heavy-ion fusion reactions.
Progress on Brussels-Skyrme atomic mass models on a grid: stiff neutron matter equation of state
Authors: Grams G. , Ryssens W. , Scamps G. , Goriely S. , Chamel N.
Published: September 2023

We report here the current developments on the Brussels-Skyrme-on-a-Grid (BSkG) atomic mass models. In comparison with our previous models, BSkG3 improves the infinite nuclear matter (INM) properties which opens its applications to neutron stars. The results presented here show that BSkG3 preserve the excellent agreement with experimental nuclear masses and radii, together with fission barriers of actinides obtained by BSkG1 and BSkG2, while the nuclear matter properties are considerably improved.
High-spin isomers production in (α,n)-reactions
Authors: Chuvilskaya T V
Published: September 2023

Results of the studies of the relative yield of high-spin and low-spin isomers in reactions 112Sn(α,n)115Te and 134Ba(α,n)137Ce in the energy range of the α-particles 15 – 31 MeV based on off-beam measurements of induced activity of members of the isomeric pair are presented. Extremely large relative yield for the first reaction is obtained. The features of the second one, which are promising for its use in fundamental studies, are revealed.
A Powerful New Energy Density Functional
Authors: Thomas A. W. , Guichon P. A. M. , Leong J. , Martinez-Paglinawan K. L. , Stone J. R.
Published: September 2023

We describe the most recent energy density functional derived within the quark-meson coupling model. Although fit to the binding energies and charge radii of just seventy magic nuclei, the accuracy with which it reproduces nuclear properties across the entire periodic table is outstanding. As well as outlining a number of those results, we present an argument explaining why having a physically motivated model with a small number of parameters is especially desirable as one seeks to make predictions in new regions of N and Z. As an example we show the predictions for known super-heavy nuclei that were not included in the fit.
Structure of neutron-rich Br and Nb nuclei populated in fission experiments
Authors: Colombi G , Reygadas D , Zanol M , Michelagnoli C , Dudouet J , Dao D D , Fornal B , Iskra Ł W , Leoni S , Ljugvall J , Marginean N , Mihai C , Nowacki F , Turturica A
Published: September 2023

Spectroscopic information on exotic Br and Nb nuclei, with odd and even masses around A=100, respectively, was obtained by analyzing fission fragments data collected with AGATA+VAMOS++ at GANIL and the FIPPS spectrometer at ILL. The complementarity of these two state-of-the art setups has been used, for the first time, to investigate the structure of these neutron-rich fission fragments via gamma-ray spectroscopy. Details on the two fission experiments will be given, as well as examples of high-resolution gamma-ray spectra used for the reconstruction of the level schemes. The active fission target, used in the neutron-induced fission experiment at ILL, allowed for high-statistics prompt-delayed coincidences for the analysis of a new isomeric state in 100Nb. Evidence for a spherical isomeric state in 100Nb will be shown and discussed within the systematic of neighbouring nuclei.
Dual nature of low-energy isoscalar monopole and dipole states in light nuclei
Authors: Nesterenko V O
Published: September 2023

Isoscalar monopole (IS0) and dipole (IS1) states located below and around the alpha-particle threshold Sα
in prolate 24Mg are investigated within fully self-consistent Skyrme Quasiparticle Random-Phase Approximation (QRPA) approach. It is shown that these states demonstrate strong mean-field (MF) effects: dipole vorticity, deformation-induced monopole-quadrupole (IS0/IS2) and dipole-octupole (IS1/IS3) coupling. At the same time, the density distributions show precursors of a cluster structure. So we get a cluster/MF duality with a strong dominance of MF impact. IS0 QRPA results are compared with iThemba Lab and RCNP (α, α′) data.
Beyond-Mean-Field with an Effective Hamiltonian Mapped from an Energy Density Functional
Authors: Ljungberg J. , Boström J. , Carlsson B. G. , Idini A. , Rotureau J.
Published: September 2023

A method for beyond-mean-field calculations based on an energy density functional is described. The main idea is to map the energy surface for the nuclear quadrupole deformation, obtained from an energy density functional at the mean-field level, into an effective Hamiltonian expressed as a many-body operator. The advantage of this procedure is that one avoids the problems with density dependence which can arise in beyond-mean-field methods. The effective Hamiltonian is then used in a straightforward way in the generator-coordinate-method with the inclusion of projections onto good particle numbers and angular momentum. In the end, both spectra and wave functions are obtained. As an example of the method, calculations for the nucleus 62Zn is performed with three different parametrizations of the Skyrme functional. The results are compared with experiment.
Determining neutron-induced reaction cross sections through surrogate reactions at storage rings
Authors: Sguazzin M. , Swartz J.A. , Jurado B. , Pibernat J. , Grieser M. , Glorius J. , Litvinov Y. A. , Reifarth R. , Blaum K. , Alfaurt P. , Ascher P. , Audouin L. , Berthelot C. , Blank B. , Bruckner B. , Dellmann S.F. , Dillmann I. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dupuis M. , Erbacher P. , Flayol M. , Forstner O. , Freire-Fernández D. , Giovinazzo J. , Gerbaux M. , Grévy S. , Griffin C. J. , Gumberidze A. , Heil S. , Heinz A. , Kurtulgil D. , Leckenby G. , Litvinov S. , Lorentz B. , Méot V. , Michaud J. , Perard S. , Petridis N. , Popp U. , Ramos D. , Roche M. , Sanjari M.S. , Sidhu R.S. , Spillmann U. , Steck M. , Stöhlker Th. , Thomas B. , Thulliez L. , Versteegen M.
Published: September 2023

Determining the cross sections of neutron-induced reactions on short-lived nuclei is imperative to rate calculations in stellar nucleosynthesis and applications of nuclear physics. It is also an immense experimental challenge due to the radioactivity of the targets involved. Our goal is to circumvent this obstacle by using surrogate reactions in inverse kinematics at the heavy-ion storage rings of GSI/FAIR. We present here preliminary results from the first proof of principle experiment, where a beam of 208Pb impinged on a H2 gas jet target in the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR).
Studies of efficiency of the Kratta detectors in the deuteron breakup experiment.
Authors: Włoch B. , Ciepał I. , Kulessa P. , Kozela A. , Łukasik J. , Parol W. , Pawłowski P. , Podwysocka A. , Prędota M. , Skwira-Chalot I. , Sowicki B. , Ziębliński M.
Published: September 2023

An experiment focused on studies of relativistic effects in the proton-deuteron breakup reaction has been performed at Cyclotron Center Bronowice in Kraków, Poland with the use of the Kratta detectors. Thirty Kratta modules have been arranged in a planar symmetric around beam axis configuration at few selected polar angles at which significant relativistic effects have been predicted. In front of each Kratta module 4 thin plastic scintillators were installed acting as a fast timing detectors to improve a trigger system. Determination of acceptance and efficiency of the detectors is discussed.
The 13C(α,n)16O cross section measurement at low energies at LUNA
Authors: Ciani G.F. ,   LUNA collaboration
Published: September 2023

One of the main neutron sources for the astrophysical s-process is the 13C(α,n)16O. This reaction takes place in thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars in a stellar environmental with temperature of about 90 MK. To model the nucleosynthesis process connected with the reaction, it is important the cross section reaction evaluation inside the so called Gamow peak, in the energy window 150-240 keV. In this work the results of the first 13C(α,n)16O direct measurement performed by the LUNA collaboration in the underground laboratory of LNGS are presented.

The measurement covers the energy range 230-300 keV, being the first direct measurement to reach the s-process Gamow window. Lower uncertainties with respect to previous measurements in literature are provided and this allows to reduce overall uncertainties on reaction rates calculation. Selected stellar models have been computed to estimate the impact of our revised reaction rate. Using the lower reaction rate at -2σ, for stars of nearly solar composition, we find sizeable variations for some isotopes, whose production is influenced by the activation of close-by branching points that are sensitive to the neutron density, in particular 60Fe, 205Pb and and 152Gd.
Study of proton capture on carbon-13 isotope at LUNA
Authors: Rapagnani David , Skowronski Jakub , Boeltzig Axel ,   for the LUNA collaboration
Published: September 2023

13C(p,γ)14N is a key reaction in different stellar environments for which both accurate and precise measurements of its cross section are required to constraint stellar models. This is currently ongoing at the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics where in addition to the low-background environment, the use of different detection systems (HPGe and BGO detectors) and analysis techniques (Peak Shape Analysis and Sum Peak Method) allowed to perform reaction cross section measurements at the lowest energy ever. Both the setup employed in the measurements and the analysis performed are presented in this paper.
20Ne(α,p)23Na studied to constrain type Ia nucleosynthesis
Authors: Boomershine C N , Bardayan D W , Carmichael S , Caves L , Davis A , deBoer R J , Gula A , Howard K , Kelmar R , Mitchell A , Morales L , Moylan S , O’Malley P D , Robertson D , Stech E
Published: September 2023

The 20Ne(α,p)23Na reaction rate is important in determining the final abundances of various nuclei produced in type Ia supernovae. Previously, the ground state cross section was calculated from time reversal reaction experiments using detailed balance. The reaction rates extracted from these studies do not consider contributions from the population of excited states, and therefore, are only estimates. A resonance scan, populating both the ground and first excited states, was performed for the 20Ne(α,p)23Na reaction, measuring between 2.9 and 5 MeV center of mass energies at the Nuclear Science Lab at the University of Notre Dame. Data analysis is underway and preliminary results show substantial contribution from the excited state reaction.
Carbon burning at stellar energies
Authors: Courtin S. , Heine M. , Monpribat E. , Nippert J.
Published: September 2023

Fusion reactions with light nuclei play an essential role in understanding the energy production, the nucleosynthesis of chemical elements and the evolution of massive stars. The measurement of key fusion reactions at stellar energies is thus of interest, but highly challenging since the associated cross sections are extremely small, of the sub-nanobarn range. Among these reactions, the fusion of carbon nuclei, which drives the stellar carbon burning phase, is deeply connected with essential microscopic features such as the impact of symmetries, the access to quantum states, emerging of resonances or Pauli repulsion effects. These may manifest themselves in exceptional behaviour of the S-factor of this particular system and the precision of extrapolations to deep sub-barrier energies is limited. The present contribution discusses recent experimental results of the nuclear astrophysics community on the measurement of the carbon + carbon fusion reaction down to the astrophysics region. The interplay between nuclear structure, nucleosynthesis and stellar evolution is addressed.