bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOLECULAR GENETIC MARKERS IN GOAT BREEDING
Authors: Dobryanska M. L.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The study of the genetic structure of the goat population by candidate genes associated with indicators of animal development and milk productivity is a promising direction, because the developing industry requires the introduction of advanced research methods. The use of methods of molecular genetic analysis can supplement breeding work to create optimally productive herds. In this connection, research is actively being conducted to study the influence of milk protein and hormone gene polymorphisms on milk productivity.

Materials and methods of research. This work was carried out as a search for molecular genetic markers of productive traits in goat breeding, based on research in the world scientific literature on this topic.

Research results. Goat breeding is an important branch of world animal husbandry. Goats are bred in all parts of the world, but the distribution of breeds in terms of productivity varies depending on the consumption tradition. For example, Europe is characterized by a predominance of dairy breeds, in Asia combined breeds, and in Africa meat breeds of goats are most often bred. The largest population of goats is kept in Asia and Africa. Significant producers of goat milk in the world are India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sudan. Global production of goat meat has increased by 41.66% over the past few years. Asia has the largest contribution to total meat production (70.7%). The leader in meat production is China, which produces 35.89% of goat meat from the entire world production. Goat breeding is widespread due to the ability of small cattle to easily adapt to different management systems and the ability to adapt to various climatic conditions and features of the terrain. A review of the world scientific literature confirms the fact that countries with significant demographic growth are most interested in selection work in goat breeding, taking into account genotyping by allelic variants of candidate genes for productive traits.

Conclusions. As a result of the work, two proteins associated with quality indicators of milk were selected as candidate genes for productive traits: kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin, and two hormones that indirectly affect the growth and development of animals: leptin and somatotropin. The article briefly describes their functions in the body and the localization of the corresponding loci in the genome of animals. These markers are widely used for researching populations of cattle, goats and sheep in the world. This search for molecular genetic markers is aimed at carrying out similar studies in Ukraine to promote selection work in goat breeding.
CYTOGENETIC VARIABILITY OF THE HUTSUL BREED OF HORSES
Authors: Starodub L. F.
Published: July 2023

Goal. Study of features of karyotypic variability of Hutsul horses. Methods. Cytogenetic analysis, micronucleus test. Results. The average rate of genomic disorders (aneuploidy) was 10.8%, with a range of values of this variability of 8.8%–11.1% in animals of the LLC "Krai Neba" and the National Nature Park "Hutsulshchyna" with a statistically insignificant difference between the mean values. The multiple increase in the number of chromosomes, polyploidy, was in the range of 1.1%–2.0%, which does not exceed the species of this variability. The magnitude of the asynchronous divergence of the centromeric regions of the chromosomes was 2.0%–6.0%, which corresponds to the spontaneous level for horses as a whole (2.2%–9.1%). Structural chromosome abnormalities (chromosomal breaks) in the horses of the Krai Neba LLC farm were not detected, and in the animals of the Hutsulshchyna National Nature Park they were 1.1%. The range of variability of lymphocytes with a micronucleus for animals of two farms was 4.0–4.2‰. The number of dinuclear lymphocytes (6.2‰) exceeded the mitotic index (4.3‰) with an insignificant difference in the average values, which indicates the absence of radionuclide contamination of the territory. Conclusions. The average number of aneuploid cells – 10.8%, polyploid – 1.4%, asynchronous divergence of the centromeric regions of chromosomes – 3.9% and the proportion of chromosomal breaks – 1.1%. The proportion of lymphocytes with a micronucleus – 4.0–4.2–4, dinuclear lymphocytes – 6.2‰ and the mitotic index – 4.3‰, which indicates the stability of the karyotype of the studied horses.
Features of the course of liver cirrhosis in the background of infection with COVID-19
Authors: Krivosheev A. B. , Khvan L. A. , Reimer Anna Yu. , Gerasimenko O. N. , Drobisheva V. P. , Reimer A. Yu.
Published: July 2023

Purpose of research. The study of the statistical and clinical features of liver cirrhosis (LC) against the background of a coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Materials and methods. 98 patients (51 men and 47 women) aged 23 to 69 years (mean age 53.8±1.9 years) with a verified diagnosis of cirrhosis were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 49 patients who underwent surgery in 2020-2021. coronavirus infection. The 2nd group also included 49 patients with cirrhosis who underwent treatment and examination in 2017-2018, which made it possible to exclude infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in them. Both groups were divided into 2 subgroups: recovered and deceased. A comprehensive statistical processing was carried out. Results. In the subgroups of recovered patients, the results in the dynamics of treatment were positive. The dynamics of liver function indicators in deceased patients of the 1st and 2nd groups also turned out to be similar, but negative. The analysis of cytolysis indicators established their significant progression and more significant in the 1st group. Alkaline phosphatase and gammaglutamyltransferase had the same dynamics, which indicated the progression of cholestasis syndrome. Violations of bilirubin metabolism worsened and also significantly significantly in the 1st group. Worsened protein metabolism. Hemostasis indicators worsened in patients of the 1st group. As expected, the level of C-reactive protein was higher in patients of the 1st group, which was due to a specific inflammatory process of the respiratory organs. Conclusion. Our observations allow us to state that patients with cirrhosis have certain features of the course of the disease against the background of COVID-19 infection, namely, higher rates of liver function decompensation and death when infected with the SORS-CoV-2 virus.
Competitive proton pump inhibitors - status and Prospects of use
Authors: Ortenberg E. A. , Lyapina M. V. , Dorodnyeva E. F.
Published: July 2023

Purpose. To summarize the estimates of the effect of the use of potassium-competitive proton pump inhibitors in pharmacotherapy algorithms for patients with peptic ulcer disease, GERD on treatment outcomes. Material and methods. The most large-scale (as a rule) publications of the last five years devoted to the problem under consideration are analyzed. The search was carried out by keywords in the Pubmed information database (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Findings. Potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs), in comparison with «traditional» drugs of this class (proton pump inhibitors), have advantages from a clinical and pharmacoeconomic point of view both in peptic ulcer disease (in particular, as part of eradication therapy) and in gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Confirmation of these data in the conditions of use of K-CCB in patients of the Russian Federation seems appropriate.
Preprint - Paleobotanical identification of an arboreal ecotone at AGS (Bed I, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania) 1.84 million years ago, and its bearing on site selection by early humans
Authors: Barboni Doris , Baquedano Enrique , Uribelarrea David , Gidna Agness , Domínguez-Rodrigo Manuel
Published: July 2023

Recent biomarker studies at the newly discovered 1.84 Ma site of AGS (Bed I, Olduvai Gorge) have been interpreted as the presence of a very open landscape dominated by emergent macrophytes within a marshy environment. The present study shows the results of the paleobotanical analysis of five phytolith samples from the same location, which contain a predominantly wooded/forested dicotyledon plant signal, indicating the presence of woody plants (trees or shrubs). These phytolith samples were collected within and in the vicinity of two elongated siliceous structures reminiscent of tree trunks. These results underscore the divergent portion of information captured by both paleobotanical techniques. They also show the patterning of the Olduvai anthropogenic sites in middle Bed I by being located close to fluvial and spring (i.e., freshwater) systems, and in connection to abundant tree cover.
Decoding the Captive Heart: Unraveling the Mysteries of Trauma Bonding
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: July 2023

Trauma bonding is a psychological phenomenon that is often rooted in domestic violence scenarios. In the early stages of an abusive relationship, the abuser will often imbue their victims with love, attention, and affection, making them feel special and loved and more likely to stay in the relationship. Once the victim is hooked, the abuser will slowly introduce elements of abuse into the relationship. This abuse may be physical, emotional, or sexual. The abuser may also devalue the victim, making them feel worthless and unlovable. The victim will often try to please the abuser in order to avoid further abuse. They may also blame themselves for the abuse, believing they deserve it
The tumor suppressor p53 regulates Xist expression in certain cellular contexts.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2023

The tumor suppressor p53 has major functions in regulation of cell cycle that are common to nearly all cells (1-3) but also possesses tissue-specific functions that are less well understood (4). We discovered a relationship between p53 and the non-coding RNA X inactive specific transcripts, Xist (5), when comparing the whole transcription of human breast cancer cell lines based on p53 mutation status. Deletion of p53 in neural stem cells results in upregulation of Xist to a magnitude greater than a vast majority of the transcriptome, and Xist induction can also be observed upon deletion of p53 in mouse embryonic stem cells but not in mouse embryonic fibroblasts from day 13.5 or in cultured cells of the human breast epithelium, benign (MCF10A) and transformed (MCF7). Xist orchestrates X-inactivation; we show here that in certain cellular contexts the tumor suppressor p53 can influence expression of a non-coding RNA with sex-specific functions, suggesting solid tumors (which feature p53 mutation as a major genetic alteration) in females may possess unique biologic properties which involve or feature changes in Xist expression, like activation of p53 target genes (e.g., TIGAR) and transcriptional responses to genotoxic insults like ionizing radiation.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN HARDWARE TERHADAP KINERJA SOFTWARE: STUDI KASUS PADA SISTEM KOMPUTER
Authors: Siregar Hikmal Yudha Laksamana
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the influence of hardware on software, which is a relevant topic in the field of information technology. Hardware and software are two interrelated components in the operation of a computer system. This article discusses how differences in hardware can affect the performance and operation of the software installed in it. Artikel ini membahas tentang pengaruh hardware terhadap software, yang merupakan topik yang relevan dalam bidang teknologi informasi. Hardware dan software adalah dua komponen yang saling terkait dalam pengoperasian sebuah sistem komputer. Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana perbedaan hardware dapat memengaruhi kinerja dan pengoperasian software yang terinstall di dalamnya.
Maximizing the performance of microwave photonic signal processors based on Kerr microcombs
Authors: Moss David
Published: July 2023

Microwave photonic (MWP) transversal signal processors offer a compelling solution for realizing versatile high-speed information processing by combining the advantages of reconfigurable electrical digital signal processing and high-bandwidth photonic processing. With the capability of generating a number of discrete wavelengths from micro-scale resonators, optical microcombs are powerful multi-wavelength sources for implementing MWP transversal signal processors with significantly reduced size, power consumption, and complexity. By using microcomb-based MWP transversal signal processors, a diverse range of signal processing functions have been demonstrated recently. In this paper we provide a detailed analysis for the errors induced by experimental imperfections processors. First, we investigate the errors arising from different sources including imperfections in the microcombs, the chirp of electro-optic modulators, chromatic dispersion of the dispersive module, shaping errors of the optical spectral shapers, and noise of the photodetector. Next, we provide a global picture quantifying the impact of error sources on the overall system performance. Finally, we introduce feedback control to compensate the errors caused by experimental imperfections, achieving significantly improved accuracy. These results provide a guide for optimizing the accuracy of microcomb-based MWP transversal signal processors.
Using a Catenary Trajectory to Reduce Wellbore Friction in Horizontal Extended Reach Drilling
Authors: NGUYEN VU
Published: July 2023

Wellbore friction is one of the biggest concerns when drilling due to its relation to the total cost. The catenary concept was introduced to reduce wellbore friction, but it requires detailed analyses. This project would fill this gap. A catenary shape is simply the natural shape of a rope, chain, or drill string. The drill string will then hang freely inside the wellbore. Perfectly, there should be no contact between the hole and the string, and thus no friction. Torque and drag should be minimized this way. A case study is introduced to examine the outcome between Catenary Trajectory Design and traditional 2D Arc design. The calculation procedure of Catenary Trajectory and 2D Arc Design can be found in an MS Excel spreadsheet which is easy to use and reliable for designing catenary well trajectories for extended-reach wells.
Evaluating Climate Signals on Global Coastal Shoreline Positions A commentary on “Influence of El Niño on the variability of global shoreline position” by Almar and colleagues.
Authors: Warrick Jonathan , Buscombe Daniel , Vos Kilian , Bryan Karin , Castelle Bruno , Cooper Andrew , Harley Mitchell , Jackson Derek , Ludka Bonnie , Masselink Gerd , Palmsten Margaret , Ruiz de Alegria-Arzaburu Amaia , Senechal Nadia , Sherwood Chris , Short Andrew , Sogut Erdinc , Splinter Kristen , Stephenson Wayne , Syvitski Jaia , Woodroffe Colin , Young Adam
Published: July 2023

Almar and colleagues (2023) are correct in stating that, “understanding and predicting shoreline evolution is of great importance for coastal management.” Amongst the different timescales of shoreline change, the interannual and decadal timescales are of particular interest to coastal scientists as they reflect the integrated system response to the Earth’s climate and its natural modes of variability. Therefore, establishing the links between shoreline change and climate variability at the global scale would be a major achievement. However, we find that the work of Almar et al.1 does not achieve this goal because: (i) the satellite-based method does not meet the current standards of practice and produces inaccurate results, (ii) the spatial coverage of the shoreline dataset is not adequate for a global analysis, (iii) the relevance of the statistical analyses between the shoreline data and independent variables is questionable, and (iv) the findings do not capture physical patterns of shorelines developed from field-based observations.
The Comprehensive Assessment of Basic Interests—O*NET (CABIN-NET): A Hierarchical RIASEC Interest Measure with 20 Basic Interests
Authors: Chu Chu , Hoff Kevin , Liu Zihan , heimpel nicholas f. , Greco Anthony , Oswald Frederick Louis , Rounds James
Published: July 2023

Over the past half-century, Holland’s RIASEC model has dominated vocational interest research. Although the RIASEC categories effectively capture general occupational domains, their breadth obscures meaningful variability across underlying basic interests. In this research, we adapted the Comprehensive Assessment of Basic Interests (CABIN; Su et al., 2019) to be used alongside O*NET for assessing interest fit, resulting in the 60-item CABIN-NET that measures 20 basic interest scales nested within RIASEC domains. To construct the CABIN-NET, we selected basic interest scales central to the broader RIASEC types, then connected each scale to an O*NET knowledge variable. In Study 1, we refined items for the CABIN-NET using a nationally representative adult sample (N = 768). In Studies 2 and 3, we collected extensive reliability and validity evidence using longitudinal samples of graduates from four-year universities (N = 816) and community colleges (N = 560). Across samples, results consistently showed that basic interest fit had stronger predictive power for career outcomes compared to RIASEC interest fit, highlighting the CABIN-NET’s utility in research and applied settings. Overall, the CABIN-NET provides a short, reliable measure of both basic interests and RIASEC interests, offering two ways of objectively assessing person-occupation interest fit. The CABIN-NET also advances interest measurement by providing a standardized, hierarchical structure for grouping basic interests into RIASEC types, balancing bandwidth and fidelity.
Functional and Structural Brain Asymmetries in Sign Language Processing
Authors: Trettenbrein Patrick C. , Zaccarella Emiliano , Friederici Angela D.
Published: July 2023

The capacity for language constitutes a cornerstone of human cognition and distinguishes our species from other animals. Research in the cognitive sciences has demonstrated that this capacity is not bound to speech but can also be externalized in the form of sign language. Sign languages are the naturally occurring languages of the deaf and rely on movements and configurations of hands, arms, face, and torso in space. This chapter reviews the functional and structural organisation of the neural substrates of sign language as identified by neuroimaging research over the past decades. Most aspects of sign language processing in adult deaf signers markedly mirror the well-known functional left-lateralization of spoken and written language. However, both hemispheres exhibit a certain equipotentiality for processing linguistic information and the right hemisphere seems to specifically support processing of some constructions unique to the signed modality. Crucially, the so-called “core language network” in the left hemisphere constitutes a functional and structural asymmetry in typically developed deaf and hearing populations alike: This network is (i) pivotal for processing complex syntax independent of the modality of language use, (ii) matures in accordance with a genetically determined biological matrix, and (iii) may have constituted an evolutionary prerequisite for the emergence of the human capacity for language.
The cognitive model of human behavior and personality
Authors: Chuang Gao , Ma Anran , Shiyin Kang , Mo Shuliang
Published: July 2023

Human behavior triggered by stimuli is always associated with cognitive factors such as personal experience, cultural context, and so on. Understanding the cognitive trigger mechanism and predicting human behavior are the long-term target of psychology. Behavior physically visible body activities, states of consciousness, thoughts, feelings, representations, and other internal activities were widely and deeply investigated in a narrow and general sense, However, no unified agreement on the definition and mechanism of behavior has been obtained. We previously proposed a formula for human behavior. Based on this, this paper aims to clarify the types of stimuli and their corresponding internal cognitive magnitudes that will be associated with assessment, value, and scene. The general and underlying deterministic causality of behavior will be proved again. Besides of this, human value concept and human behavior pattern throw cast to human personality of the big-five model or five factors model, and the nine-type personality schema. These interlock information chains reveal that an event information component and structure decide human pattern and its personal components which may grow out of biological and social evolution. Generally, it indicates that a general standard definition and mathematical expression is effective. On a functional level, the unified mechanism of psychology is proposed as the association of behavior and internal factor of cognition established.
Ambiguity potentiates effects of loneliness on feelings of rejection
Authors: Restrepo Anita , Smith Karen E , Silver Emily M. , Norman Greg
Published: July 2023

For social species, having strong and high-quality social relationships is an important safety cue. Loneliness occurs when an individual perceives they have insufficient relationships resulting in feelings of lack of safety. States of perceived unsafety are linked to an increased tendency to construe ambiguous information—information lacking a unique clear interpretation--as threatening. Here, we explore whether the ambiguity of social cues of interpersonal rejection moderates effects of loneliness on feelings of rejection while undergoing social exclusion. Data were collected in 2021; 144 adults completed a progressive social exclusion paradigm where they were randomly assigned to be equally included, excluded, or over-included. Social exclusion/inclusion cues became more pronounced over the course of multiple rounds of a ball-tossing game (Cyberball) resulting in a scenario where ambiguity was highest in earlier rounds and decreased over time. Participants reported feelings of loneliness prior to the task and feelings of rejection throughout the task. Results demonstrated that higher loneliness predicted increased feelings of rejection regardless of exclusion condition. Notably, this positive relationship was strongest during earlier rounds when social cues were most ambiguous. These findings contribute to our understanding of how loneliness modulates social perception to enable organisms to adequately adapt to changing circumstances.
The harms of inequity are rarely overestimated: Comment on Marks & O’Connell 2021
Authors: Debrouwere Stijn
Published: July 2023

Marks & O’Connell (2021)’s claim that an even-handed review of the literature shows that social and economic background does not matter to educational outcomes in ad- vanced economies, relies on questionable scholarship and grave statistical errors. Much of the evidence against the relevance of social and economic background rests on a stub- born misinterpretation of research that estimates gain scores, where the effects of student background on educational outcomes are much smaller because they are residual effects. A lot of time is spent arguing that parental education and occupation are poor measures of student background but it is not recognized that this leads to attenuated effects and thus argues against their thesis. Finally, there is a lack of serious engagement with the literature: cherry-picked numbers, summaries of studies that are at odds with the conclu- sions of the original authors and even two cases where thought experiments are presented as empirical evidence. Research into inequity does at times lack rigor in measurement and analysis, and not accounting for heritable abilities can confound and exaggerate the association between student background or school composition and educational outcomes, but our calculations suggest that the effect is more than offset by attenuation due to measurement error.
Conspiracy beliefs and perceptual inference in times of political uncertainty
Authors: Leclercq Salomé , Szaffarczyk Sébastien , Leptourgos Pantelis , Yger Pierre , Fahkri Alexandra , Wathelet Marielle , Bouttier Vincent , Deneve Sophie , Jardri Renaud
Published: July 2023

Socio-political crises with uncertain issues accumulated in recent years, providing fertile ground for the emergence of conspiracy ideations. Computational models constitute valuable tools for understanding the mechanisms at play in the formation and rigidification of these unshakeable beliefs. Here, the Circular Inference model was used to capture associations between changes in perceptual inference, and the dynamics of conspiracy ideations in times of uncertainty. Large populations from three polarized countries performed a bistable perception task and conspiracy beliefs assessments, around major socio-political events. We show that when uncertainty peaks, an overweighting of sensory information is associated with conspiracy ideations. Progressively, this exploration strategy gives way to an exploitation strategy, in which increased adherence to conspiracy theories is associated with the amplification of prior information. Overall, the Circular Inference model sheds new light on the possible mechanisms underlying the progressive rigidification of conspiracy theories when facing highly uncertain situations.
Exploring the linguistic complexity of third-grade numerical literacy
Authors: Shalit Ella , Dotan Dror
Published: July 2023

Reading numbers aloud, a central aspect of numerical literacy, is a challenging skill to acquire, but the origins of this difficulty remain poorly understood. To investigate this matter, we examined the performance of 127 third- and fourth-grade children who read aloud, in Hebrew, numbers with 2-5 digits. We found several key observations. First, we observed a substantial variation among the 3rd graders – 7% and 59% errors in the top and bottom deciles, respectively. Second, the task difficulty stemmed from syntactic processing: most errors were distortions of the number’s syntax, as opposed to digit substitutions or transpositions; and the main factor affecting a specific number’s difficulty was not its magnitude, as is commonly assumed, but rather its syntactic structure. Third, number reading performance was not predicted by a school-like task that assessed syntactic-conceptual knowledge of the decimal system structure, but rather by knowledge of specific syntactic-verbal rules; i.e., the syntactic-verbal knowledge is separate from syntactic-conceptual knowledge. Last, there was a double dissociation between 4-digit numbers and 5-digit numbers, which in Hebrew have completely different syntactic structures: half of the children showed a significant advantage in one number length compared to the other, with equal numbers of children preferring either length. This indicates that the different syntactic-verbal rules are learned relatively independently of each other, with little or no generalization from one rule to another. In light of these findings, we propose that schools should teach number reading explicitly, with explicit instruction of specific syntactic-verbal rules.
Zero-shot compositional reasoning in a reinforcement learning setting
Authors: Jagadish Akshay Kumar , Binz Marcel , Saanum Tankred , Wang Jane X. , Schulz Eric
Published: July 2023

People can easily evoke previously learned concepts, compose them, and apply the result to solve novel tasks on the first attempt. The aim of this paper is to improve our understanding of how people make such zero-shot compositional inferences in a reinforcement learning setting. To achieve this, we introduce an experimental paradigm where people learn two latent reward functions and need to compose them correctly to solve a novel task. We find that people have the capability to engage in zero-shot compositional reinforcement learning but deviate systematically from optimality. However, their mistakes are structured and can be explained by their performance in the sub-tasks leading up to the composition. Through extensive model-based analyses, we found that a meta-learned neural network model that accounts for limited computational resources best captures participants’ behaviour. Moreover, the amount of computational resources this model identified reliably quantifies how good individual participants are at zero-shot compositional reinforcement learning. Taken together, our work takes a considerable step towards studying compositional reasoning in agents – both natural and artificial – with limited computational resources.
Detección prenatal del riesgo de Síndrome de Down Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Silva A Jissela , Silva A Angélica
Published: July 2023

Introducción: El síndrome de Down es la cromosomopatía humana más común y la principal causa de discapacidad intelectual congénita, aunque puede presentarse a cualquier edad materna, se ha establecido la edad sobre los 35 años como uno de los principales factores de riesgo, actualmente se ha establecido programas de cribado para mejorar las tasas de detección prenatal temprana, el screening de Test combinado ampliado, que consta de marcadores ecográficos primarios y secundarios y marcadores bioquímicos asociados a la edad materna presenta una tasa de detección del 93% con una tasa de falsos positivos del 2.5%.

Objetivo: Describir el caso de una paciente con detección temprana de alto riesgo de Síndrome de Down en el embrazo mediante el test combinado ampliado del primer trimestre y su confirmación en el recién nacido

Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Reporte de caso clínico.

Resultados: Paciente gestante de 43 años, sin antecedentes patológicos de importancia. En screening del primer trimestre se reporta alto riesgo de Síndrome de Down de 1/4 con el uso del Test combinado ampliado, aunque no se realizó la prueba confirmatoria de estudio citogénetico la paciente acude al parto con alta sospecha de feto con trisomía 21. Desde el nacimiento se verifica el diagnóstico con el fenotipo del neonato y se confirma con el estudio de cariotipo 47, XX+21.

Conclusiones: Aunque las cromosomopatías aumentan con la edad materna se recomienda realizar el screening de aneuploidías cuidadosamente a todas las gestantes en el primer trimestre, aplicando el test combinado ampliado por su alta tasa de detección y baja tasa de falsos positivos.
Lesión Renal Aguda y Cuidados Críticos: Avances en la Detección Temprana.
Authors: Hidalgo Acosta Javier Aquiles , Romero Vásquez Jorge Washington , Viteri Gómez Giomar Rebeca , Vera Macia Leonor Concepción , Choca Varela Edison Joao , Mendoza Granda Romina Ivanna , Burgos-Chang María Gabriela , Ayon Ronquillo Yeileen Michelle , Cobeña Vera Jonathan Gabriel , Quimis Moran Alex Renato
Published: July 2023

Introducción: La lesión Renal Aguda, se define como un brusco deterioro del filtrado glomerular, en horas o días, que se manifiesta por un aumento en la sangre de nitrogenados como urea y creatinina. Es una complicación frecuente en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, su predicción temprana es urgente y es un gran desafío diagnóstico. Objetivos: Realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre lesión renal aguda y cuidados críticos: avances en la detección temprana. Materiales y Métodos:  Se realizó una revisión sistémica, se seleccionaron 42 artículos de los últimos 5 años en su gran mayoría con, casos clínicos, estudios de revisión, metaanálisis, revisión sistemática, guías, estudios observacionales, descriptivos, retrospectivos sobre el tema: lesión renal aguda y cuidados críticos: avances en la detección temprana. Resultados: La lesión renal aguda en cuidados críticos, está asociada con malos resultados a corto y largo plazo, por lo que, su detección precoz es algo primordial, no obstante, el 10 % al 30 % de los sobrevivientes de LRA, aún pueden necesitar diálisis después del alta hospitalaria. Conclusiones: La predicción temprana de lesión renal aguda con biomarcadores, estudios de ecografía renal y desarrollo de modelos de nomogramas, representan una alternativa para pacientes con riesgo elevado de desarrollar lesión renal aguda y que pueden ser diagnosticados tempranamente.
Access to and use of health information technology among obese and non-obese Americans: Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey data
Authors:   Research Group for Nutrition and Lifestyle, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú, Saintila Jacksaint , Ramos-Vera Cristian ,   Research Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Perú, Calizaya-Milla Yaquelin E. ,   Research Group for Nutrition and Lifestyle, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú, Villarreal Veronica Ileana Hidalgo ,   Departamento de Saúde Pública, Instituto Aggeu Magalhaes, Fiocruz, Recife, Brasil, Serpa-Barrientos Antonio ,   Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú, Morales-García Wilter C. ,   Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú.
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Health information technology (HIT) is essential in the prevention, management, and treatment of obesity due to the medical data and information available to health care providers and patients. However, exploration of HIT access and use among obese individuals remains limited. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare access to and use of HIT among obese and non-obese Americans. Methods: We considered cross-sectional secondary data from 3,865 United States adults that were collected through the Health Information National Trends Survey in 2020. Contingency tables were performed stratifying between men and women to assess whether they differed according to body mass index (BMI) levels with respect to HIT categories. Results: Elevated BMI in women was associated with the use of a computer, smartphone, or other electronic device to e-mail or use the Internet to communicate with a doctor or a doctor’s office. In addition, elevated BMI in both genders was associated with sharing information from a smartphone/electronic device with a health professional. Finally, the use of an electronic device to monitor or track health or activity was found to be more prevalent among women with elevated BMI compared to those with normal BMI. Conclusion: Future studies should expand research in terms of interventions linked to health information technology in adults with obesity by considering the gender factor. Moreover, the expansion of research into electronic health (eHealth) interventions is particularly important because it would favour the prevention, management, control, and treatment of obesity.
Effects of Covid-19 on Hydropower Projects in Stakeholder's Communication
Authors: Ghimire Prabhakar , Gautam Bhim
Published: July 2023

This research examines how hydropower projects in Nepal adjusted to the crisis of Covid by embracing new correspondence strategies to associate with the assigned area organizations. The fundamental objective of the survey is to sort out how the exercises change their particular gadgets amidst the difficulties in talking with projects have networks during development constraints. This article sorts out that four hydropower projects covered by the investigation embraced new instruments of correspondence especially virtual gadgets, for instance, video meeting stages, for instance, Zoom, Microsoft Gatherings as well as an online diversion to attract the endeavor accomplices multiple and a half years till September 2021, since the 24th Walk 2020, when the country went into the essential lockdown. With the weight of development impediments, projects stood up to inconveniences in attracting their endeavor have networks giving them only decision to use such modernized mechanical assemblies to enhance other standard gadgets for reliable contact with the accomplices. This investigation covers Sunkoshi Multipurpose Endeavor, Arun- 3 Hydropower Assignment, Budhi Gandaki Hydropower Adventure, and Upper Tamakoshi. Two of them address projects a work in progress while two others address those in the pre-improvement stage. An emotional procedure for research was applied in this article using gatherings of senior specialists of concerned dares to assemble information about how their correspondence methodologies went electronic over the period. That is the very thing that the assessment assumes anyway expands stood up to a couple of moves on the most ideal way to oversee accomplices during the Covid crisis with no the correspondence procedures, they hugely used electronic gadgets to continue with their responsibility with their concerned accomplice organizations.
Od wzniosłości do dowolności. Malarstwo w czasie tragicznym
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Lech
Published: July 2023

Written at the turn of 2021/2022, the monograph From Sublimity to Arbitrariness. Painting in the Tragic Time summarises numerous reflections and comments contained in two previous books: Pamięć czasu – malarstwo w czasie bankructwa duchowego [Memory of Time – Painting in a Time of Spiritual Bankruptcy] and Malarstwo jako egzystencja – tożsamość osobista a postawa twórcza [Painting as Existence – Personal Identity versus Creative Attitude]. The new publication, written in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and, above all, the barbaric war in Ukraine, addresses the fundamental challenge of the present time concerning the foundations of the collapse of man's spiritual condition at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The striking disappearance of moral and ethical content at the present time results in an exceptionally repulsive manifestation of numerous attitudes, where the pursuit of material goods effectively eliminates from our lives everything that is connected with a deep reflection on the meaning of human existence, its universal values, rigours, principles without which our life irretrievably loses its human dimension, turning into a hostile space of numerous threats, fears, frustrations, traumatic experiences and emotions. All this results in a growing avalanche of depressing arbitrariness and the striving for so-called freedom from everything, which only deepens the feeling of the current chaos and entropy in interpersonal relations, where the possibility of communicating with another human being becomes a fundamental problem.
Stan obecny i perspektywy przyjęcia przez Serbię nowego prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego
Authors: Kochowska Ewelina
Published: July 2023

The Yugoslav Act of 1982 on resolving conflict of laws with regulations of other countries is still in force in the Republic of Serbia. The law drafted over 40 years ago was considered as innovative at the time of its adoption. At present, the Serbian academic community signals the need to update the current provisions of private international law, both in the spirit of approximation with the law of the European Union and in the need to better embed this law in the present legal order of the Republic of Serbia. The draft of a new act on private international law, prepared in 2014, was not adopted yet, although it was not formally rejected as such in Serbian legislative procedures (as of April 13, 2023) either. Though not formally binding, the draft law has been cited in recent years in the Serbian law journals, being an important point of reference for considerations on questions related to private international law in Serbia. It must be admitted that the progressive Serbian academic community turned out to be an active inspirer, creator and is now also a tireless advocate of changes in the field of private international law in Serbia.Serbia, which has been an EU candidate since 2013, has no particular obligation to introduce specific solutions in the field of private international law into its national law neither before nor after accession. EU law in the field of private international law is contained in regulations that will be automatically and directly applicable in Serbia when it becomes a member of the European Union. This is a dilemma whether to adopt the provisions which, in principle, will have to be repealed after the accession. At the same time, there are several benefits of approximating the law before the accession, including accustoming legal practitioners in Serbia to apply solutions similar to those in the EU, and increasing legal certainty by applying similar solutions of private international law in transactions between entities from Serbia and the European Union (regardless of the accession prospects).The author describes and summarizes the current state of regulations in Serbian private international law and analyses the main changes proposed in the draft law of 2014. The article also presents agreements binding Serbia in the field of private international law, including the still binding 1960 Polish-Serbian agreement.
Następstwo prawne dóbr cyfrowych post mortem
Authors: Wrazidło Marcin
Published: July 2023

Artykuł naukowy koncentruje się na odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy następcy prawni pierwotnego użytkownika dóbr cyfrowych mogą wejść po jego śmierci w stosunek prawny łączący go z dostawcami tych dóbr. W pierwszej kolejności należało podjąć próbę zdefiniowania pojęcia dóbr cyfrowych i dokonać ich odpowiedniej kwalifikacji prawnej, a także zastanowić się nad materialną oraz niematerialną wartością tych dóbr. Niezbędne było także wskazanie obecnie najpowszechniej stosowanych sposobów radzenia sobie z losem dóbr cyfrowych, które pozostawił w przestrzeni wirtualnej po swojej śmierci ich pierwotny użytkownik, a także poczynienie rozważań z zakresu jurysdykcji i prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego w aspekcie statutu umownego i prawa spadkowego. Ponadto w opracowaniu zostały wzięte pod uwagę, podnoszone w piśmiennictwie, kwestie dotyczące prywatności post mortem, ochrony danych osobowych i zapewnienia stosownej ochrony pozostawionym dobrom cyfrowym na gruncie prawa własności intelektualnej, które stanowią swego rodzaju przeszkody w dopuszczeniu do prostego następstwa prawnego dóbr cyfrowych post mortem. Jako podsumowanie pochylono się również nad obowiązującymi aktualnie w wybranych państwach na świecie rozwiązaniami prawnymi, które stały się następnie podbudową pod sformułowanie postulatów de lege ferenda.
Language Teacher Wellbeing in the Private School Context: A Case Study
Authors: Budzińska Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

Language teacher wellbeing in the private education sector has almost been completely neglected in research. This study examines a well-functioning institution in the private sector and analyzes the systemic and contextual factors that contribute to the flourishing of its teachers. The case study explores the wellbeing of English language instructors by means of open questionnaires, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and participant observation. The findings reveal a number of facets contributing to positive teacher wellbeing at the systemic, institutional level, such as corporate culture, policies, organization, management, opportunities for professional growth, and social life, as well as adequate resources, and good physical working conditions. Most good practice emerging from the research is universal and can be implemented by language institutions in all contexts. However, some variables that affect language teacher wellbeing at this workplace are specific to the nature of the institution and, therefore, could not be put into practice elsewhere.
Tools for Scaffolding the Development of L2 Speaking in English-medium Higher Education: Lessons from Poland and Australia
Authors: Pitura Joanna , Chang Heejin
Published: July 2023

Participating in oral L2 communication may be challenging for English-medium higher education students. While literature suggests that scaffolding facilitates the development of L2 speaking, research has not addressed the notion of tools for scaffolding its development. The aim of this study is twofold: (1) to investigate how scaffolding can be embodied in tool design to support L2 speaking and (2) to obtain and analyse student perceptions of the tools. We draw on questionnaire data gathered in two iterations of a larger design-based research study conducted in two contexts: English Studies students in Poland (N = 26) and culturally and linguistically diverse L2 learners in Australia (N = 12). This study illustrates how features of scaffolding were applied to map instructor, peer- and technology-based tools in terms of learning activities, resources, technology and feedback. The results suggest that these tools may cater to the multiple levels of student understanding and skill with regard to the development of L2 speaking found in modern L2 classrooms.
BLCKBX GAIA oder zur doppelten Grenze des Gaia-Planeten
Authors: Raddatz Frank-M.
Published: July 2023

Das Anthropozän-Kunstwerk ist an der Schnittstelle von Kunst und Wissenschaft angesiedelt, weil das Anthropozän selbst eine wissenschaftliche Konstruktion ist. Da das Anthropozän auf Auswirkungen der technologischen Entwicklung beruht, die keineswegs beabsichtigt sind, kann es nicht durch ethische Imperative eingedämmt werden. Vielmehr ist es das Ergebnis einer Erkenntnistheorie, die die Aktanten als Objekte verkennt. Daher fordert Bruno Latour eine Ästhetik, die Rückkopplungseffekte propagiert. Eine solche erkenntnistheoretisch zentrierte Kunst sollte sich auf die Multiplikation des Möglichen beschränken und ihre Autonomie aufgeben. Dieser Doktrin widerspricht Latour selbst, insofern das Ensemble der Aktanten zusammen mit dem vom Leben in den Kritischen Zonen bevölkerten Himmelskörper Gaia ein unbekanntes und wissenschaftlich kaum erforschtes Phänomen ist. So zieht sich eine Grenze des Nichtwissens durch die ökologische Kunst, die sich inmitten einer Transformnationsbewegung befindet.
Methods of Teaching Early Literacy
Authors: Gurjar Nandita , Meacham Sohyun , Beecher Constance
Published: July 2023

Theories, teaching strategies, and instructional materials pertinent to teaching reading and writing in grades PK-3, with an emphasis on integrating reading, writing, speaking, and listening, as well as integration across content areas while addressing diversity and inclusion.
Development of lozenges containing extract of Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Pham Thi Dieu Nhu , Do Quang Duong ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Nguyen Duc Hanh ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City
Published: July 2023

Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson, a precious medicinal herb, has demonstrated its therapeutic effects on regulating the immune system, treating cough, dissipating phlegm, lowering blood sugar and protecting the gastric mucosa... This study aimed to develop lozenges containing dry extract of C. javanica (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson and overcome the disadvantages of ordinary lozenges such as moisture sensitivity, recrystallisation during storage and reducing the consumed energy of users. Several formulations with different excipient ratios and process parameters had been studied. The properties of the lozenges such as moisture content, glass transition temperature (Tg) and hygroscopicity were evaluated. The cause-effect relations between formulation ingredients, process parameters and properties of lozenges were developed, using BCPharSoft OPT software. The optimal placebo formulation consisted of 50% isomalt (w/w) and 15% maltodextrin DE 12 (w/w), and the optimal moulding temperature was 155oC. The optimum percentage of C. javanica (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson dry extract in the C. javanica (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson lozenges was 15% (w/w). The chosen lozenges had a moisture content of less than 0.5%, a hygroscopicity level of less than 6% (under experimental conditions at a temperature of 30±2oC, a humidity of 75±5%), and a Tg of 45.8oC. This study could provide useful data for further study on the production of lozenges containing dry extract of C. javanica (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson.