bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crown Gall in Apple Rootstocks: Inoculation Above and Below Soil and Relationship to Root Mass Proliferation
Authors: Stover Ed , Walsh Christopher
Published: October 2024

Trees of each of five apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) rootstocks were inoculated above and below ground with three strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith & Townsend) Conn. (AT). These were compared with controls that were not wounded or wounded and treated with sterile deionized water. Percentage of inoculated sites forming galls above ground was significantly greater in Mark and Mailing 9 (M.9 EMLA) than in all other rootstocks except M.26 EMLA at 18 months after inoculation. At both 4 and 18 months after inoculation, gall formation below ground on M.7A was twice as high as above ground, but within other rootstocks, gall formation above and below ground was similar. For the rootstock × strain interaction of AT both 4 and 18 months after inoculation, each measure of crown gall susceptibility above ground was significantly correlated with corresponding below-ground data at P ≤ 0.01. This high correlation and frequent occurrence of galls or protruding callus from wounds below ground in controls suggest that above-ground inoculations are suitable for evaluating crown gall susceptibility in apple rootstocks. Eighteen months after inoculation most of the Mark trees had developed characteristic root mass proliferation (RMP). Three years after inoculation few crown galls were apparent below ground in Mark rootstock, but all but one of trees examined had developed RMP. Among other rootstocks only three (38%) M.9 EMLA trees and one (8%) M.7A tree produced swellings identified as RMP, and all but one (5%) of these trees had been inoculated with AT. Pockets of callus scattered throughout the xylem were observed when Mark RMP were examined microscopically. RMP from other rootstocks and most crown galls contained similar pockets of callus. Although inoculation with AT did not enhance RMP development in Mark, experimental results are not inconsistent with some AT involvement in RMP. Mark RMP is more extensive but not qualitatively different from structures formed at a lower frequency in M.9 EMLA and M.7A inoculated with AT.
Amelioration of Irradiation Injury to Florida Grapefruit by Pretreatment with Vapor Heat or Fungicides
Authors: Miller W.R. , McDonald R.E.
Published: October 2024

Grapefruit shipped to certain markets must be certified free of Caribbean fruit fly (Anastrepha suspensa Loew) (CFF) infestation. Low-dose irradiation is effective for the control of CFF by sterilization. This treatment is expected to be approved for industry usage in the near future. `Marsh' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) was treated with vapor heat (2 hours at 38 °C), and fungicidal treatments of thiabendazole (TBZ) (4 gm·L-1) and TBZ (1 gm·L-1) plus imazalil (1 gm·L-1) prior to irradiation at 0.5 or 1.0 kGy. Vapor heat reduced the severity and incidence of peel injury by 50% without adversely affecting other quality attributes. The fungicide did not reduce peel injury. The use of vapor heat before low-dose irradiation quarantine treatment of grapefruit may ameliorate or eliminate peel injury caused by irradiation. Chemical names used: 2-(4-thiazolyl)benzimidazole (thiabendazole); 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2(2-propenyloxy) ethyl]-1H-imidazole (imazalil).
Seasonal Variation of Apparent Male Fertility and 2n Pollen Production in Plantain and Banana
Authors: Ortiz Rodomiro , Ulburghs Frank , Okoro Josephine U.
Published: October 2024

Current efforts to produce improved genotypes of plantain (Musa spp. AAB genomic group) and banana (Musa spp. AAA genomic group) depend on identifying triploid, female-fertile clones and crossing them with male-fertile, diploid wild or cultivated accessions. Apparent male fertility, as measured by pollen stainability, and production of 2n pollen (gamete with the sporophytic chromosome number) were examined over a period of 1 year (Oct. 1992 to Oct. 1993) in `Calcutta 4' (wild banana), `Galeo', and `Pisang lilin' (cultivated bananas), and in TMP2x 1297-3 (plantain—banana hybrid), which are the most popular diploid parents in the breeding program of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. Differences in pollen stainability were found among these clones. However, a seasonal variation in pollen stainability was observed in all clones except `Calcutta 4'. Solar radiation was positively associated (P < 0.05) with pollen stainability. Pollen stainability in the diploid banana parents was compared with seed set after triploid-diploid crosses between plantains and bananas. There was a clear difference in the capacity of male parents to fertilize, but seed set was not significantly correlated with pollen stainability (r = 0.246, P = 0.358). Although the seasonal maximum seed set coincided with the time of maximum pollen stainability, variation in seed set seems to be due mainly to seasonal variation in female fertility. Of all clones examined, only `Pisang lilin' produced 2n pollen throughout the year. Seasonal variation in 2n pollen production was highly correlated (P < 0.05) with solar radiation, temperature, total pan evaporation, rainfall, and minimum relative humidity. The identification of male-fertile 2n pollen-producing diploid accessions, and of the best time of the year to maximize fertility and 2n pollen production, will allow the synthesis of polyploid Musa hybrids through sexual polyploidization.
Experimentally investigate influence of 3d printing parameters on rigidity of PLA parts
Authors: ELJIHAD Abdelghani , NASSRAOUI Mohammed , BOUKSOUR Othmane
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of 3D printing parameters on the strength of polylactic acid (PLA) parts. We will look at how the mechanical characteristics of printed objects are influenced by material properties, extruder temperature, printing speed and layer thickness. We will emphasize the importance of monitoring print parameters to ensure optimal quality and reproducibility of parts using traction tests on samples. To develop empirical models that will establish a correlation between print parameters and mechanical properties, we will use the Taguchi method. Our goal is to find the optimal parameters, such as layer thickness, extrusion temperature and print speed, in order to maximum rigidity of 3D printed parts.
Impact of infill pattern and infill density on mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed parts: a review
Authors: El omari Abdellah , Ouballouch Aissa , Nassraoui Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process is widely used for various applications as it offers many benefits. Mechanical properties of parts manufactured using FDM technique are very critical. For that reason, it is important to understand how different values of process parameters affect these properties. The purpose of this research is to provide information related to the influence of various infill pattern and infill density. A literature review is carried out based on the current researches that investigate FDM 3D printing process of polymer materials. The results show that infill percentage then layer thickness are the most influential process parameter on most of the material’s mechanical properties. In addition, this work identifies gaps in existing studies and highlights opportunities for future research.
Students’ opinions on the use of 3d printing technology in physics, case study of ibn tofail university
Authors: EN-NKHILI Hicham , MITIQUE Abderrafya , IGOUZAL Mohammed
Published: October 2024

The rapid advancements in 3D printing technology and materials are revolutionizing the field of physics. While industries are reaping the benefits of these innovations, physics students are also poised to gain from this technological shift. To understand the current state of 3D printing in physics education, we conducted a case study involving 100 students from FABLAB-FSK. This research included an implementation phase and a survey to gauge student perspectives on the intersection of 3D printing and physics education. Our research aimed to assess the extent of students’ familiarity with 3D printing technology, exploring their knowledge of its capabilities and its potential applications in physics projects. The survey focused on understanding their awareness of 3D printing’s role in developing new materials and its effectiveness as a teaching tool in physical sciences.
The effect of generative design and topology optimization on the design and manufacturing of components in additive manufacturing
Authors: Lkadi Omar , Nassraoui Mohammed , Bouksour Otmane
Published: October 2024

Additive manufacturing, has shown great promises, offering unexpectable design freedom and manufacturing flexibility. but traditional design methodologies cannot fully exploit the functionality of am. this study explores the impact of generative design and topology optimization in the design and production of parts in additive production. by using these advanced design tools, we aim to optimize the case study performance, minimize material usage, and unlock design opportunities. The case study is a gripper arm which is part of a robot deputed to the handle meteors is presented to demonstrate the application of these methods. additionally, it offers a useful description of Autodesk’s generative design, a software, used in our case, that uses generative design to generate a series of potential solutions to a static structural design problem. the finding reveal how generative design and topology optimization can significantly enhance component performance, reduce mass, and enable complex geometries that are difficult or impossible when using traditional methods. additionally, the paper highlights the importance of taking manufacturability constraints into account during the design process.
Döviz Kurlarını Etkileyen Makroekonomik ve Finansal Faktörlerin Analizi: Türkiye Uygulaması
Authors: Akkaya Murat
Published: October 2024

Döviz piyasaları bir ekonomideki önemli piyasalardan birisidir. Coronavirus (COVID19) salgını Türkiye’nin de içinde bulunduğu gelişmekte olan piyasalarda oynaklığın artmasına neden olmuştur. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin hisse senedi ve döviz piyasalarında büyük dalgalanmalar yaşanmaktadır. Bu nedenle Türkiye döviz piyasasına özgü bir çalışma yapılmasının yatırımcılara ve politika yapıcılara faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Ocak 2002 – Aralık 2021 döneminde ABD Doları/ Türk Lirası kuru üzerinde etkili olan ve dalgalanma yaratan makroekonomik ve finansal değişkenleri Vektör Oto Regresyon (Vector Auto Regression – VAR) modeli ile analiz etmektir. Çalışma kapsadığı uzun dönem ve çok sayıda değişken ile finans yazınına önemli bir katkı yapmaktadır. VAR model sonuçları % 5 düzeyi için anlamlıdır. Sonuçlar Türkiye 5 Yıllık Tahvil CDS Primi, Dış Ticaret Dengesi, Doğrudan Yatırımlar ve Yurtdışı Yerleşiklerin Hisse Senedi Portföyü değişkenlerinin dışsal olduğunu göstermektedir. Bankacılık Sektörü Kredi Hacmi, Türk Lirası 1 Aylık Mevduat Alış Faizi ve İç Borç Stoku ile ABD Doları/Türk Lirası kuru arasında çift yönlü, Doğrudan Yatırımlar, İthalat Hacmi, TUİK Tüketici Güven Endeksi ve Uluslararası Rezervler’den ABD Doları/Türk Lirası kuruna doğru işleyen tek yönlü bir Granger nedensellik bulunmaktadır. Bu itibarla döviz piyasasının oynaklığının ve önemli makroekonomik değişkenlerin yakından takip edilmesi gerekmektedir.
Beden Eğitimi̇ ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Kalitesi̇ ve Algılanan Stres Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yıldırım Ali , Şahin Mehmet Ozan
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin yaşam kalitesini ve algıladıkları stres düzeyini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya 82 erkek ve 110 kadın olmak üzere toplam 192 kişi katılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ile Cohen vd. (1983) tarafından geliştirilen ve Eskin vd. (2013) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan "Algılanan Stres Ölçeği" ile Doğanay ve Sarı (2004) tarafından geliştirilen "Üniversite Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği" öğrencilere uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS 25.0 programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Demografik bilgilerin yüzdelik dağılımını belirlemek için frekans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bağımsız gruplar için Anova testi ve T testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgularda; algılanan stres düzeyi ile yaşam kalitesi alt boyutları arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların algılanan stres düzeyleri ölçeği puanlarının cinsiyet değişkeni, spor yapma değişkeni ve sınıf değişkenine göre anlamlı fark olduğu görülürken, üniversite yaşam kalitesi ölçeği puanlarının cinsiyet değişkenine, spor yapma değişkenine ve sınıf değişkenine göre anlamlı farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür. Katılımcıların algılanan stres düzeyleri ölçeği ve yaşam kalitesi ölçeği puanlarına göre bölüm değişkeni ve ekonomik gelir durumları açısından da anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak; beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin algılanan stres düzeyi ile yaşam kalitesi alt boyutlarından kimlik, sosyal olanaklar ve kararlara katılım alt boyutları arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Algılanan stres düzeylerinin cinsiyet, spor yapma durumu ve sınıf değişkenlerinde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Öte yandan, sporcuların öğrenim gördükleri bölüm ve ekonomik gelir durumları ile yaşam kalitesi ve algılanan stres düzeyleri arasında bir ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır.
Çağdaşlaşma Söyleminin Post-kolonyalist Bir Okuması ve İlgili Sorunlar
Authors: Aslan Ahmet
Published: October 2024

Toplumsal sorunlarımız; Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşundan iki asır öncesinden itibaren yaşanan siyasi, sosyal, iktisadi ve fikri dönüşümler yeterince açıklanmadan anlaşılamaz. Ülkemizde toplumsal değişim konusu genellikle Batılılaşma, çağdaşlaşma, modernleşme ve sekülerleşme kavramları çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Post-kolonyalizm ise Batı’nın evrensel tarihin öznesi olma imtiyazına eleştiriler getirerek Batı dışı toplumların yaşadıkları dönüşümlere alternatif açıklamalar geliştirir. Yarım asrı aşkın geçmişiyle söz konusu kuram, sömürgeleştirilmiş toplumların tecrübeleri yanında sosyal bilimlerin çeşitli alanlarında tahakküm ilişkilerini incelemede eleştirel bir araç olmuştur. Bu kuram, Türkiye’nin 19. ve 20. yüzyıl modernleşme tecrübesinin tahlili, Batı’ya karşı yerlilik arayışlarının ve “özne” oluşun muteber entelektüel zemini olmak açısından işlevseldir. Çalışmanın amacı söz konusu araçla Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde geliştirilen çağdaşlaşma söylemini incelemektir. Çalışmada çağdaşlaşma söyleminin sosyal bilimlerdeki önemli temsilcilerinden Niyazi Berkes’in metinleri örneklem olarak seçilmiş, bu metinler yorumlayıcı yaklaşımla söylem analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışmanın kavramsal kısmında tarihsel gelişimi, içeriği ve aldığı eleştirilerle post-kolonyal teori ve post- kolonyalist okumanın unsurları özetlenmiştir. İnceleme kısmında ise Berkes’in çağdaşlaşma söylemi oryantalizm ve Avrupa- merkezcilik eleştirisi ile kültürel melezlik açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda sınırlılıklarına rağmen post-kolonyalist okumanın Batı dışı toplumların çağdaşlaşma fikir ve söylemlerini incelemede geçerliliğini ve güncelliğini koruduğu tespitine ulaşılmıştır. Buna rağmen çağdaşlaşma söyleminin oryantalizm ve Avrupa-merkezcilik eleştirisine kayıtsız kaldığı, kültürel müzakere ve melezlik yaklaşımlarına itibar etmediği çalışmanın sonuçları arasındadır.
Etem İzzet Benice ve Popüler Edebiyat Romanları
Authors: Kanter M Fatih , Özkan Betül Kübra
Published: October 2024

Cumhuriyet Dönemi önemli popüler yazarlarından olan Etem İzzet Benice romanlarında meslek hayatının etkilerini ve ideolojisini yansıtır. Gazeteci bir yazar olması, eserlerini tefrikalar hâlinde yayınlanmasını kolaylaştırır ve olay ağırlıklı, tasvirleri daha sınırlı, halkın beğenisine sunmayı amaçlayarak romanlarını yazar. Cumhuriyet ideolojisi ile büyüyüp fikirlerini halka duyurmak, özellikle ‘kadınların’ değişen toplumda etkilenen kesim olması eserlerinde en önemli tema hâlindedir. Gazete, aşk-macera konuları ve okuyucu odaklı romanlar verilmesi Etem İzzet Benice’yi Popüler bir edebiyat yazarı hâline getirir. Halkın his ve hayal dünyasını harekete geçirecek doğrultuda tefrikalar kaleme alan Benice, okurların beğenisi ile tefrikalarını kitaplaştırır. Dönemin okur kitlesine hitap eden konuların işlendiği bu romanlar, popüler romanların genel özelliklerini barındıran bir yapı arz eder. Döneminin okur kitlesinin beğenisine hitap ederken toplumsal ve ideolojik tezleri de odağa alan Benice, sadece aşk ve macera konularını değil millî ve tarihî konuları da işleyerek romanlarının tematik çerçevesini genişletir. Etem İzzet romanlarında halkın içinden, halktan olanı yine aynı dönem içinde vermeye çalıştığı için okuyucu ile arasında güçlü bir bağ oluşturur. Bu bağ ise eserlerin tematik yapısının da etkisiyle özellikle kadınlarla kurulur. Çünkü popüler özellik barındıran eserlerinde farklı tipteki kadın karakterlere ağırlık vererek onların düşkünlüğünü, ihtiraslı tutkularını, dik duruşlarını, millî mücadeledeki çabalarını değişen toplumla beraber aldıkları yaraları yansıtır. Etem İzzet Benice’nin romanları okuyucu tarafından hızlıca tüketim aracı olmuş ve Etem İzzet Benice bu yönden maddi olarak aldığı karşılıkları ile gazeteler açmaya devam eder ve eserlerini de bu yönde verir.
Çatışma Analizi Kapsamında İsrail-Filistin Sorunu: Taraflar, Talepler ve Çözüm Analizi
Authors: Daban Cihan
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma, uluslararası siyasetin gündeminden düşmeyen İsrail-Filistin çatışmasını konu almaktadır. İsrail-Filistin çatışması üzerine yazılmış birçok çalışma mevcuttur. Ancak bu çalışmanın diğer çalışmalardan farkı, İsrail ve Filistin arasındaki sorunu çatışma analizi kapsamında incelemesidir. Uluslararası İlişkiler disiplininde önemli bir yer alan çatışma analizi; var olan bir sorunun tanımlanmasını, sorunun aktörlerini ve soruna yönelik çözüm analizlerini ele alır. Sorunun tanımlanmasında çatışmanın tarihsel arka planına, neden analizine, mevcut durum analizine, bölgesel ve küresel analizlere yer verilir. Aktör analizlerinde aktörlerin profilleri, talepleri, SWOT analizleri ve tarafların barış kapasiteleri kaleme alınır. Bu aşamalardan sonra ise çatışmanın ne zaman ve niçin ortaya çıktığı, çatışmanın çözümü için ne gibi arayış ve öneriler sunulabileceği irdelenir. Bölgesel ve küresel aktörlerin çatışmaya yönelik politikaları, BM Genel Kurulu’nun ve Güvenlik Konseyi’nin aldıkları kararlar ile uluslararası siyasetin politik tutumlarını kaleme almaktadır. Söz konusu bu çalışma, 7 Ekim saldırısı ve saldırı sonrası gelişmelere odaklanarak, İsrail-Filistin arasındaki meselenin tarihsel arka planından bugünkü mevcut durum analizine kadarki süreci ele almaktadır. Kısacası 1950’lerden 2000’lere kadar ulusal, bölgesel ve uluslararası bir sorun olarak görülen İsrail-Filistin çatışması, 7 Ekim saldırısından sonra küresel bir sorun hâline dönüşmüştür. Dolayısıyla İsrail-Filistin çatışmasını çatışma analizi kapsamında derinlemesine ele alarak çatışmaya konu tarafların taleplerini ve bu taleplere karşı bir çözüm analizini de incelemektedir.
Analysis of Instagram Content of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UN Tourism)
Authors: Hazarhun Dr. Eda , Bülbül Serdar , Tuna Arslan Pelin , Çetinsöz Burçin Cevdet
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to discover what kind of posts are shared on the official Instagram page of the World Tourism Organization and the general information (number of followers, followed, number of posts, etc.) of the account. For this purpose, 213 photos and texts shared on the official Instagram account of the World Tourism Organization between 1 January 2023 and 1 January 2024 (one year) were subjected to content analysis. As a result of the content analysis; 12 main themes were identified: "celebrations", "country promotions", "tourism statistics", "tourism reports", "guidelines", "declaration", "tourism programs and strategies", "important days", "announcements", "news", "tourism types" and "tourism ambassadors". According to these themes, it has been determined that the World Tourism Organization used particular importance to strategies for ensuring both environmental and cultural sustainability in tourism, innovation and digitalization practices in tourism, global climate change and the development of tourism education. In addition, the World Tourism Organization focuses on the development of alternative tourism types such as "sustainable tourism", "gastronomy tourism", "responsible tourism", "rural tourism", "mountain tourism", "greener tourism", "event tourism", "marine tourism", "indigenous tourism", "sport tourism" and "accessible tourism", which enable tourism to spread to twelve months in destinations, reduce environmental destruction, protect local cultural values and transfer them to future generations and provide tourists with different experiences. This study contributes to the enrichment of the relevant literature by revealing the tourism strategies and policies that the World Tourism Organization has recently focused on and the alternative tourism types that have become a trend.
Crops in The Grave: The Relationship Between Plants and Burial From Early Chalcolithic Kanlıtaş Höyük (İnönü/Eskişehir)
Authors: Kavak Salih
Published: October 2024

The archaeobotanical study on the plant remains from the Early Chalcolithic grave of the earliest known human of the Upper Porsuk Valley and Central Western Anatolia at Kanlıtaş Höyük provides valuable information about the burial customs, diet and economy of the region and the settlement. The grave, dated to the first half of the 6th millennium BC, contains a rich variety of plant remains, including cereals such as einkorn wheat, emmer wheat, bread wheat and seeds of wild species such as goosefoot and bitter vetch. In addition to these plant remains, the presence of grave goods and the careful placement of flat stones on certain parts of the skeleton indicate a burial ritual that reflects the sociocultural structure and belief system of the period. The study concludes that society at Kanlıtaş Höyük agriculture and plants have played a role in their spiritual life as indicated by the various plant remains found in the grave. These findings are very important because of the limited archaeobotanical data from excavations in Anatolia, especially from graves, and because they provide invaluable information about the funerary practices and rituals of ancient societies. The study also draws attention to the increased use of plants in burial customs in the Early Bronze Age compared to the results of other settlements in Anatolia after the Chalcolithic Period. The archaeobotanical analysis of the Kanlıtaş Höyük grave provides a rare glimpse into the daily lives, sociocultural structures and belief systems of the region's earliest inhabitants, contributing to our understanding of the relationship between plants and burial customs in prehistoric Anatolia.
The Effect of Managers Communication Competency on the Increase of Employees Communication Anxiety Levels and a Literature Review
Authors: Turan Eroğlu Dilek
Published: October 2024

In today's world, the importance of institutions being successful and strong increases day by day. Because, unlike in the past, the business world is now associated with globalization and destructive competition. In other words, it is increasingly important for institutions to be able to produce goods and services in the greatest number at the lowest cost and at the highest quality. But for an institution to be successful in the production process, it is not enough to have strong capital and a qualified technological infrastructure. In addition, it must have a strong corporate communication environment. In other words, today, institutions must consist of employees who are success and result oriented, have high work motivation, high communication skills and strong team spirit. In this sense, communication has served as a mortar in institutions. Based on this, the communication anxiety of employees, which has become an important academic issue in recent years, forms the basis of this study. This study, handled theoretically, was prepared to emphasize the effect of managers' communication competence on the formation of communication concerns of employees in institutions. Communication competence is defined by Wiemann as "the ability of a person to make the right choice among available communication behaviors and skills in order to successfully achieve his or her individual goals in a communication situation." Communication anxiety is a concept that entered the literature with McCroske and is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety related to actual or potential communication with another person or persons." In the study, 51 theses identified by searching the YÖK Thesis Scanning Site with the keywords ‘communication competence’ and ‘communication anxiety’ were analysed with the descriptive analysis technique and the framework of the main themes processed on the axis of the study was also revealed.
Középiskolás tanulók szaktárgyi szövegértésének mérése az érettségi vizsga tükrében
Authors: Simon Viktória
Published: October 2024

Jelen pilotvizsgálat tizenkettedikes tanulók történelem szaktárgyhoz kapcsolódó szövegértési szintjének vizsgálatát tűzte ki célul, majd kísérletet tett annak feltérképezésére, hogy a kapott eredmények milyen összefüggésben vannak az általános szövegértési szinttel és a történelmi háttértudással. Ehhez a kísérleti személyek írásbeli magyar nyelv és irodalom, valamint történelem érettségi vizsgájának eredményei kerültek összevetésre a saját fejlesztésű mérőeszköz megoldásaival. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy a szövegtípus fajtája befolyásolhatja a szövegértés eredményességét. A történelem tantárgyhoz kapcsolódó táblázat esetében jobb eredményt értek el a vizsgált tanulók, mint a forrás és az ábra esetében. Megállapítható továbbá, hogy közepes szintű korrelációs kapcsolat mutatható ki a történelmi szövegértési teszt és a magyar nyelv és irodalom érettségi szövegértési eredményessége között, valamint hogy a történelmi szövegértési teszt eredménye erősebb fokon korrelál a történelem érettségi vizsgafeladatainak átlagos eredményével, mint a magyar nyelv és irodalom szövegértési feladatsor átlagos eredményével. Feltételezhető, hogy a vizsgált tanulók körében a történelem tantárgyhoz és feldolgozandó szövegeihez kapcsolódó szövegértési képességszint jelentősen befolyásolja a történelmi feladatsor eredményes megoldását.
Kortárs mentorálás a lemorzsolódás megelőzéséért: szisztematikus irodalomfeldolgozás
Authors: Felső Edit , Fehérvári Anikó
Published: October 2024

A tanulmány a kortárs mentorprogramok mint prevenciós és intervenciós eszközök hatását vizsgálja az iskolai és felsőoktatási lemorzsolódás és a korai iskolaelhagyás csökkentésére. Az írás célja, hogy bemutassa a nemzetközi kortárs mentorprogramok jellemzőit, céljait és hatékonyságát. Az elemzés 12 empirikus tanulmány kvalitatív tartalomelemzésén alapul. A szisztematikus keresést az EBSCO Education Research Complete modulban, kiegészítésképpen a ResearchGate és a Google Scholar adatbázisokban végeztük, 2008 és 2023 között megjelent folyóiratokban, kortárs mentorálási modellekről szóló angol nyelvű empirikus tanulmányokat összegyűjtve. Az elemzés eredményei alapján bemutatásra kerülnek a felsőoktatási és közoktatási környezetben működő mentorprogramok célkitűzései, eredményei a mentorok és a mentoráltak szempontjából, kihívásai, nehézségei. A tanulmány eredményei azt mutatják, hogy a kortárs mentorprogramok pozitív hatást gyakorolnak a lemorzsolódás csökkentésére, a szociális és egyéni készségekre és képességekre, hatására javulnak a tanulmányi eredmények, valamint növekszik az intézmény és a tanulmányok iránti elkötelezettség. E programok működésének mélyebb megismerése és megértése hozzájárulhat a jövőbeli kortárs mentorprogramok sikeres és hatékony lebonyolításához.
Exploring the Potential of Waste Biomass from the Brazilian Legal Amazon in Bioproducts Production: a Comprehensive Analysis and Promising Perspectives
Authors: S. Borges Mariana , R. Santos Jéssyka , M. Pedroza Marcelo , K. D. Rambo Magale , B. Assumpção Daniel , P. Frizzo Clarissa , A. Burrow Robert , Scapin Elisandra
Published: October 2024

The Legal Amazon Region has numerous lignocellulosic biomasses with unknown technological properties, contrasting with an urgent demand for energy transition towards a more sustainable economy. This study analyzed the biomasses of baru husk (BH), cupuaçu husk (CH), and pequi seed (PS) through slow pyrolysis at 650 °C to assess the suitability of the bio-oils and biochars as potential biorefinery bioproducts. The physicochemical characterizations showed that all residues are potential candidates for bioproduct production, with CH biomass obtaining the best results for biochar production due to its high carbon content (80.65%) and surface area of 298.0491 m2 g-1, while BH and PS are more suitable for bio-oil production due to their high volatile matter content (> 84%). The main compounds in the bio-oil identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were phenolic (48.5, 56.7, and 60.36% for BH, CH, and PS, respectively) and furanic (22, 12.17, and 10.28% for BH, CH, and PS, respectively). Finally, it is concluded that based on the physicochemical and morphological characteristics obtained in this study, the pyrolysis products have potential for future investigation in various processes such as adsorption, carbon sequestration, and obtaining valuable chemical compounds, contributing to the promotion of the bioeconomy through sustainable waste management.
Porównanie rozkładów dawek dla radioterapii stereotaktycznej nowotworu płuc dla dwóch technik dynamicznych IMRT i VMAT
Authors: Kosmowska Justyna , Kinga Graczyk  , Weronika Kijeska  , Maria Radomiak  , Agnieszka Skrobała
Published: October 2024

Celem pracy było porównanie rozkładów dawek dla radioterapii stereotaktycznej nowotworu płuc dla dwóch technik dynamicznych: techniki radioterapii z modulowaną intensywnością dawki (IMRT, ang. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy) i techniki obrotowej z modulacją intensywności dawki (VMAT, ang. Volumetric Modulated Arc Theraphy). Grupę badawcza stanowiło 5 pacjentów z nowotworem zlokalizowanym w prawym płucu, średnica guza na obrazach tomografii komputerowej nie przekraczała 5 cm. Podczas przygotowania pacjenta do radioterapii wykonano czterowymiarową  tomografię komputerową (4DCT, ang. four dimension computer tomography). Dawka zadana dla planowanej objętości leczenej (PTV, ang.  Planning Target Volume) wynosiła 50 Gy w 5 frakcjach, zastosowano energię 6 MV bez filtra spłaszczającego (FFF, ang. Flatening Filter Free).  Dla każdego z planów leczenia wykonano weryfikacje dozymetryczną, zrealizowaną z wykorzystaniem stałego fantomu dozymetrycznego OCTAVIUS 4D oraz matrycy OCTAVIUS 1600 SRS (PTW, Freiburg, Niemcy). Plany zostały porównane metodą analizy gamma w podejściu lokalnym dla następujących parametrów: DD (ang. dose diffrence – różnica dawki) 2%, DTA (ang. distance to agreement – dopuszczalna odległość między punktami) 2 mm, próg odcięcia niskich dawek: 5% dawki maksymalnej, akceptowalny odsetek punktów spełniających kryteria analizy gamma > 95%. Dla objętości PTV przeanalizowano następujące parametry: wartości dawki zdeponowanej  w 98% oraz 2% objętości PTV oraz dawki, które otrzymały narządy krytyczne. Dawki dla OAR były zgodne z dawkami toleracji opisanymi w raporcie QUANTEC (ang. Quantitative Analyses of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic). Wykazano, że w technice IMRT narządy krytyczne otrzymują nieznacznie wyższe dawki, lecz nie przekraczające dawek tolerancji. Ze względu na liczbę wiązek terapeutycznych dla techniki IMRT czas leczenia był znacznie dłuższy niż dla techniki VMAT.
Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecule of SVAK-12: A Comprehensive In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Studies on its Neuroprotective Effects and Molecular Interactions in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kokabi Shayesteh , Amiri Mobina , Alahdad Niloofar , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Ali , Shahbazi Ali , Barati Mahmood , Simorgh Sara , Azedi Fereshteh , Angaji Seyed Abdolhamid , Tavakol Shima
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated
with a progressive loss of dopaminergic cells and as of now, there is no established
definitive treatment available for this condition.

Method:

In this study, the focus was on investigating the impact of SVAK-12, a small
molecule that can cross the blood-brain barrier and remain stable without structural
changes. The effect of SVAK-12 was investigated in vitro on neurotoxicity, in vivo model
of Parkinson's Diseases and in silico.

Result:

Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as molecular docking simulations,
it was found that SVAK-12 (375 ng.ml) led to increased cell viability, reduced cellular
damage, and decreased production of NO and ROS. Additionally, it boosted levels
of important neurotrophic factors like BDNF (130.49%) and GDNF (116.38%), potentially
aiding in alleviating motor disability and depression. The study also highlighted
SVAK-12's potential as a therapeutic candidate for neurological disorders due to its ability
to increase tyrosine hydroxylase expression and dopamine levels (4.84 times). While
it did not significantly improve motor symptoms in vivo, it did enhance motor asymmetry
in the forelimbs and gene expression related to brain regions. Besides, it induced significant
BMP-2 gene expression in substantial nigra regions without significant changes
in GDNF and Nurr1 gene expression in the striatum expression. The docking of
SVAK-12, Levodopa, Amantadine, Biperiden, Selegiline, and Rasagiline to the binding
site of GFRα1, sortilin, and TrkB showed that SVAK-12 had greater MolDock score
than Selegiline and Amantadine for GFRα1 and greater than amantadine for Sortilin and
TrKB.

Conclusion:

Overall, the study suggests that SVAK-12's neuro-biocompatibility, ability
to reduce free radicals, and enhanced neurotrophic factors make it a promising candidate
as a neuroprotective drug.
Effects of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-related Q108P Mutation on the Structural Ensemble Characteristics of CHCHD10
Authors: Alici Hakan , Uversky Vladimir N. , Kang David E. , Woo Junga Alexa , Coskuner-Weber Orkid
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

The Q108P pathological variant of the mitochondrial Coiled-Coil-Helix--
Coiled-Coil-Helix Domain-Containing Protein 10 (CHCHD10) has been implicated in amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis (ALS). Both the wild-type and CHCHD10Q108P proteins exhibit intrinsically disordered
regions, posing challenges for structural studies with conventional experimental tools.

Methods:

This study presents the foundational characterization of the structural features of
CHCHD10Q108P and compares them with those of the wild-type counterpart. We conducted multiple
run molecular dynamics simulations and bioinformatics analyses.

Results:

Our findings reveal distinct differences in structural properties, free energy surfaces, and
the outputs of principal component analysis between these two proteins. These results contribute
significantly to the comprehension of CHCHD10 and its Q108P variant in terms of pathology, biochemistry,
and structural biology.

Conclusion:

The reported structural properties hold promise for informing the development of
more effective treatments for ALS.
Anthelmintic Effect of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles of the Momordica dioica Fruit Extract
Authors: N Pruthvi , T Muthukumaran , E Akila , Gurung Pawan Kumar , Narayanaswamy V B
Published: October 2024

Background:

Momordica dioica belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and is generally
known as teasle gourd or spiny gourd. This plant is highly significant for its active phytoconstituents
bearing several pharmacological activities.

Objectives:

This study aims to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of biosynthesized Silver nanoparticles
of Momordica dioica fruit extract against Pheretima Posthuma.

Methods:

Momordica dioica silver nanoparticles were prepared by green synthesis and were
characterized using spectroscopic methods like UV-visible, FTIR, and Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM) techniques. The prepared silver nanoparticles were investigated for the targeted activity
using Albendazole as standard and normal saline as the control.

Results:

The UV-visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance in the range of 424 nm. FTIR
revealed the presence of functional groups of both extract and nanoparticles. The spherical shape
of the AgNPs and their size ranges below 100 nm by SEM. The In-vitro anthelmintic activity
showed the paralysis and mortality rate of the worms for the fruit extract, and silver nanoparticles
were found to be 45.03±0.1, 60.13±0.1, and 12.35±0.04, 22.34±0.02 by One way ANOVA (p
<0.0001).

Conclusion:

The fruit extract converted to silver nanoparticles had better anthelmintic activity
compared to the fruit extract. The paralysis and death time were reduced 4 to 5 times, which
showed the improved effect of the silver nanoparticles of Momordica dioica extract.
Róger Rumrrill García: Amazonía e Interculturalidad
Authors: Vásquez Rodríguez Rafael
Published: October 2024

Róger Rumrrill García, escritor y periodista loretano, vivió su adolescencia en diversos pueblos de la selva peruana. Hasta la fecha, ha publicado 32 libros que abordan el tema de la Amazonía desde la historia, el ensayo, la narración, el guion de cine, la poesía y el periodismo, desde una perspectiva multidimensional y holística. Su obra ha recibido diversos reconocimientos, entre ellos el Premio Casa de la Literatura Peruana otorgado por el Ministerio de Educación y el reconocimiento como Personalidad Meritoria de la Cultura Peruana por el Ministerio de Cultura, ambos otorgados en 2023. Entre sus publicaciones más recientes se encuentran el libro de cuentos Narraciones de la Amazonía, la biografía novelada Miguelina sobre la icónica y paradigmática vida de la yurimagüina Miguelina Acosta Cárdenas y la novela La Virgen del Samiria, que es parte de una saga narrativa sobre la utopía amazónica. El segundo tomo se titula Las Estirpes Amazónicas, siempre explorando el mito de la utopía amazónica instalada en la literatura de la amazonía peruana.
La epopeya republicana de España en la obra de Almudena Grandes
Authors: Angulo Sablina
Published: October 2024

Almudena Grandes (1960 -2021) reconocida escritora española, merecedora del Premio Nacional de Narrativa (2018) nos ha legado extraordinarias obras de ficción que incluyen historias reales en base a un gran trabajo de documentación. Entre sus obras, en las que vincula sociología, política, historia  y literatura, destaca “El corazón helado”, novela que narra el conflicto social en España, no resuelto aún, como consecuencia del  golpe de estado contra el gobierno republicano, en 1936.  Todo este engranaje en narrado, literariamente, en el romance entre Álvaro Carrión y Raquel Fernández. Él, Álvaro, hijo de un aventurero que se alistó en el  destacamento español, “División Azul”,  para apoyar a Hitler en la invasión a  la Unión Soviética y que, como muchos franquistas en la posguerra, se hiciera de una gran fortuna apropiándose de los bienes y propiedades de familias republicanas. Ella, Raquel, nieta de republicanos vejados por el franquismo y refugiados en Francia, país en el que lucharían contra el nazismo en la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
ANALISIS PENGARUH UPAH MINIMUM DAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI PULAU JAWA
Authors: Damayanti Erfani
Published: October 2024

Java island is the economic center with the largest population in Indonesia. So this causes the inequality that occurs in Indonesia to this day. Dense population growth without being accompanied by maximum labor absorption on the island of Java is the cause of employment problems in Indonesia. Many problems arise, for example poverty, unemployment,This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of minimum wages and education on labor absorption on the island of Java. This research also includes inflation and economic growth as a control variable. The analytical method used is a quantitative method using time series data (2012-2022) and cross section (six provinces on the island of Java) or what is called panel data with the selection of the best model, Random Effect Model (REM) and used regression analysis. This research shows that the minimum wage and level of education has a significant effect on labor absorption on the island of Java.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN PADA MASA PRE-POST PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Asqalani Muhammad Hafidh , Fitanto Bahtiar
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has wielded a significant economic impact, spanning from the global stage to the national and regional levels. This crisis has led to a slowdown in economic activity in East Java Province, resulting an increase in poverty rates. The pandemic's arrival in 2020 brought about substantial and unprecedented changes to the factors influencing poverty levels, presenting significant challenges for the East Java Provincial Government. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of the Human Development Index, Population Growth, Economic Growth, and the COVID-19 Pandemic on the poverty rate in the districts/cities of East Java Province. This research employs panel data regression analysis using secondary data from 2017 to 2021 sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results found that the human development index had a negative and significant effect on poverty levels, economic growth and the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive and significant effect on poverty levels, while population growth was found to have no significant effect on poverty levels in East Java Province.
AN END-TO-END TRAINABLE CAPSULE NETWORK FOR IMAGE-BASED CHARACTER RECOGNITION AND ITS APPLICATION TO VIDEO SUBTITLE RECOGNITION
Authors:   Biskra University, Algeria, Tibermacine Ahmed , Amine Selmi Mohamed ,   Biskra University, Algeria
Published: October 2024

The text presented in videos contains important information for a wide range of vision-based applications. The key modules for extracting this information include detection of text followed by its recognition, which are the subject of our study. In this paper, we propose an innovative end-to-end subtitle detection and recognition system for videos. Our system consists of three modules. Video subtitle are firstly detected by a novel image operator based on our blob extraction method. Then, the video subtitle is individually segmented as single characters by simple technique on the binary image and then passed to recognition module. Lastly, Capsule neural network (CapsNet) trained on Chars74K dataset is adopted for recognizing characters. The proposed detection method is robust and has good performance on video subtitle detection, which was evaluated on dataset we constructed. In addition, CapsNet show its validity and effectiveness for recognition of video subtitle. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that capsule networks have been empirically investigated for Character recognition of video subtitles.
SHADOW DETECTION FROM AERIAL IMAGERY WITH MORPHOLOGICAL PREPROCESSING AND PIXEL CLUSTERING METHODS
Authors:   Cummins College of Engineering for Women, India, M Deshpande Ashwini , Gaikwad Manali ,   Cummins College of Engineering for Women, India, Patki Saudamini ,   Cummins College of Engineering for Women, India, Rathi Aditee ,   Cummins College of Engineering for Women, India, Roy Sampa ,   Space Applications Centre, India
Published: October 2024

Building extraction from aerial imagery facilitates many geo-specialized tasks like Urban Planning, Map Generation and Disaster Management. Well planned cities ensure good sanitation, lesser pollution and hence, a better standard of living for its citizens. This is essential for developing countries which face a major crisis of urban migration and space crunch, and where planned cities would be a move towards smart living. The objective of this work is to segment building footprints from aerial images. Traditional pixel clustering algorithms like K-means, Color Quantization (CQ) and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) are implemented with inclusion of preprocessing steps for improved performance. These techniques are compared based on performance and time taken. The number of clusters/components are selected on the basis of Silhouette Score and Akaike Information Criterion/ Bayesian Information Criterion (AIC/BIC). A commonly encountered problem in building segmentation is misclassification of pixels due to shadows. This challenge is dealt by masking shadows using morphological operations as a part of preprocessing.
AN ENHANCEMENT PROCESS FOR GRAY-SCALE IMAGES RESULTED FROM IMAGE FUSION USING MULTIRESOLUTION AND LAPLACIAN PYRAMID
Authors:   Visvesvaraya Technological University, India, Mohan C Rama , Kumar A Ashok ,   YSR Engineering College of Yogi Vemana University, India, S Kiran ,   YSR Engineering College of Yogi Vemana University, India, V Vasudeva ,   Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, India
Published: October 2024

The main issue with the multi-focus images lies in obtaining the relative information about the identification of objects in the individual images with less resolution. Hence the image fusion methods have attracted attention to obtain high resolute image with a pair of multifocus images. An attempt has been made in the present work to develop an image fusion methodology designing on multiresolution for the feature extraction and for better morphological details, the paper discussed about the Laplacian pyramid algorithm. Five sets of multifocus images obtained with different formats have been introduced to the sixteen different image fusion algorithms including the proposed method. Various statistical metrics were evaluated for each image fusion method. The careful comparison of the visual and objective metrics reveals that the proposed method shows best performance with not only having visual quality and also confirmed based on the variation of the statistical metrics.
A REVIEW ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DEHAZING OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGES USING DIFFERENT FILTERS
Authors:   Government College of Technology, India, M Kamalam , Bibi N Ameena ,   Government College of Technology, India
Published: October 2024

Haze is an atmospheric phenomenon caused by scattering of atmospheric particles in air and these factor causes deterioration of images, captured by the sensors. Haze detection, removal and enhancement of dehazed images are extremely important for the analysis and interpretation of Remote sensing images. This work presents the comparison of haze removal methodologies and analysis of dehazed images in terms of its image quality metrics. Consequently various imaging filters are employed to enhance fine details in the dehazed images and comparative analysis is presented. Simulation results reveal that the filter enhancement technique produces images with better quality and visible improvements in Quality metrics.