bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an Education Program to Prevent Nurses' Low Back Pain
Authors: Karahan Azize , Bayraktar Nurhan
Published: January 2017

This study was undertaken to evaluate an education program to prevent low back pain among nurses. This interventional study used a one-group, pretest/posttest design and was conducted in four hospitals in Bolu, Turkey. Nurses' knowledge was assessed before and after training; 60 nurses were evaluated while performing five procedures that can lead to low back pain using an observation form. These forms were given to the nurses 3 months after the training to assess their knowledge and observations of the five specified behaviors were repeated. The mean knowledge and procedures scores of the nurses were higher just after and 3 months after the training compared to before training.
Evaluation of a Stretching Program to Increase Worker Flexibility
Authors: Smith Kris
Published: January 2017

This article describes the evaluation of a stretching program intended to increase worker flexibility.
Workplace Bullying
Authors: Stagg Sharon J. , Sheridan Daniel J. , Jones Ruth A. , Speroni Karen Gabel
Published: January 2017

Workplace bullying can not only cost thousands of dollars to replace an affected nurse, but also have detrimental economic effects on health care organizations. Occupational health nurses can provide leadership in preventing or eliminating workplace bullying. This pilot study determined that attendance at a cognitive rehearsal program decreased workplace bullying. The study used an Internet-based survey administered 6 months after nurses completed the 2-hour cognitive rehearsal program. Half of the nurses reported witnessing bullying behaviors since attending the program; 70% of the nurses reported changing their own behaviors following the course; and 40% of the nurses reported a decrease in bullying behaviors during the past 6 months. Although 70% of the nurses believed they could intervene in bullying situations, only 16% reported they responded to bullying at the time of occurrence. This study illuminates the need to continue searching for other effective methods to prevent and manage workplace bullying.
Job and Life Satisfaction of Nonstandard Workers in South Korea
Authors: Lee Bokim
Published: January 2017

Since the South Korean financial crisis of the late 1990s, the number of nonstandard workers in South Korea has increased rapidly. With such a drastic change, it has been difficult to establish national welfare systems (e.g., accident insurance or support for families with dependent children) for nonstandard workers and identify critical aspects of their health. To evaluate job and life satisfaction among nonstandard workers, this study used a representative sample of South Koreans. Using data from the 2008 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, the sample size totaled 4,340 observations, of which 1,344 (31.0%) involved nonstandard workers. Significant differences in job and life satisfaction between nonstandard workers and standard workers were found. The results also indicate discrimination in the welfare and fringe benefit systems in South Korea. Occupational health nurses must address the physical and psychological health issues, personal problems, and everyday life concerns of nonstandard workers. Given that the employment status of nonstandard workers in companies is generally unstable, it is difficult for these workers to report poor working conditions to employers or other authorities. Accordingly, occupational health nurses should advocate for nonstandard workers by notifying employers of the many problems they face.
Effects of a Brief Pilot Sexual Harassment Prevention Workshop on Employees' Knowledge
Authors: Campbell Cody , Kramer Alaina , Woolman Kendra , Staecker Emma , Visker Joseph , Cox Carol
Published: January 2017

Administrators from three workplaces were interested in conducting evidence-based sexual harassment prevention training for their employees, but they could devote little time during the workday to the training. A pilot program to evaluate the use of a 1-hour workshop that followed best practice recommendations and adult learning principles using job-related scenarios was designed. Participants' overall sexual harassment prevention knowledge scores significantly increased from before to after the workshop and were significantly higher after the workshop than those of a control group. The majority of participants also perceived that their workplaces were committed to employees understanding the sexual harassment policy, and that the workplace would seriously investigate claims and take corrective action. Even a brief workshop covering essential content using adult learning principles can be effective in sexual harassment prevention knowledge acquisition.
Exploring the Factors Considered by People Living with HIV and Their Partners during Preconception
Authors: Kennedy V. Logan , Collins Micaela , Yudin Mark H. , Serghides Lena , Walmsley Sharon , Angel Jonathan B. , Ongoiba Fanta , Powis Jeff , Smaill Fiona , Tharao Wangari , Rachlis Anita , Silverman Michael , Sandre Roger , Regier Dean A. , Loutfy Mona
Published: January 2017

Data are lacking on factors that may impact conception-related decision-making among individuals living with HIV. This study’s aim was to shed light on these considerations. Participants were invited to complete a survey on preconception considerations. A rank-ordered logit model was fit to estimate the relative importance of listed consideration factors; the interaction of HIV status and the factors was assessed. Fifty-nine participants living with HIV and 18 partners (11 HIV-negative participants and 7 living with HIV) were included. Risk of vertical and horizontal HIV transmission and the effect of antiretroviral therapy on the fetus were the top considerations. However, individuals living with HIV prioritized vertical transmission, whereas HIV-negative participants prioritized horizontal transmission. Other factors of importance were probability of conception, stress of trying to conceive, cost associated with fertility clinics, and stigma associated with certain conception methods. This study builds our understanding of the preconception considerations for people living with HIV.
Incidence of Opportunistic Infections among HIV-Positive Adults on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Teaching Hospital, India: Prospective Study
Authors: Shenoy Nandita , Ramapuram John T. , Shenoy Ashok , Ahmed Junaid , Srikant N.
Published: January 2017

Oral manifestations in HIV infections are numerous and some of these are acknowledged as being of great importance in the early diagnosis of the disease. Many HIV-associated oral infections occur early in HIV disease, not infrequently as the presenting sign or symptom. Thus, early detection of the associated oral opportunistic infections should, in many cases, result in earlier diagnosis of HIV infection. Cytology, a simple, painless, and inexpensive method, has become a preferred method and was used in our study for early diagnosis of certain lesions. To determine the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on incidence rate of opportunistic infections among HIV-positive adults in a teaching hospital in India, a prospective study was conducted and the required sample size was 40. Study participants were selected randomly from the outpatient department of an HIV clinic who were currently on for antiretroviral therapy (ART). Data on age, gender, form of contagion, antiretroviral therapy at the time of review, number of CD4 lymphocytes per milliliter, and viral load were collected. Oral cytologic investigation was carried out and then stained for histopathological examination. A total of 40 individuals were examined and the incidence of opportunistic infections was 66.7% in individuals with CD4 counts less than 200, 55.6% in individuals with CD4 counts of 200 to 499, and 40.0% in individuals with CD4 counts more than 500. The incidence of opportunistic infection was higher in individuals with low CD4 counts in spite of being on ART.
Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections in Seropositive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Chugh Shikha , Garg Vijay Kumar , Sarkar Rashmi , Sardana Kabir
Published: January 2017

Sexually transmitted diseases are a major public health problem both in developing and in developed countries, and especially with the co-synergy with HIV infection, there is an increasing need to have a proper understanding of the clinicodemographic patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for planning and implementing control strategies. Worldwide, there is an increased preponderance of viral STIs. Increasing incidence and altered clinical presentation of viral STIs in patients with HIV pose a diagnostic challenge; thereby, we studied the demographic profile of HIV-seropositive patients and compared clinical manifestations of viral STIs in HIV-seropositive patients to those in seronegative individuals. Twenty-seven HIV-seropositive patients with viral STI (herpes/molluscum/warts) and same number of age-, sex-, and STI-matched seronegative patients were studied for variability in clinical profile. There were significant differences in the demographic factors (education, income, and migration) and sexual practices (number of contacts and source of infection) in the 2 groups. Lesional symptoms, increased extent of lesions, and resistance to treatment were significantly more common in HIV-seropositive patients.
Seeing Is Believing: Religious Media Consumption and Public Opinion toward Same-sex Relationships
Authors: Perry Samuel L. , Schnabel Landon
Published: January 2017

An extensive literature demonstrates that religion is a key determinant of Americans’ social and political attitudes. This literature, however, has neglected an important measure of everyday religious practice, preference, and socialization: religious media consumption. We take a key social issue where attitudes have been shown to be largely shaped by religion—same-sex relationships—as an example to determine whether religious media consumption predicts social attitudes net of the measures typically included in the literature on religion and attitudes: affiliation, practice, and literalism. We draw on data from three national surveys, each of which contains different measures of religious media consumption and attitudes toward various same-sex relationships: the 1998 General Social Survey, 2005 Baylor Religion Survey, and 2012 Portraits of American Life Study. Both multivariate and propensity score matching analyses demonstrate that religious media consumption independently predicts lower support for same-sex relationships in all three surveys. We propose that religious media consumption is a key measure of religious practice, preference, and socialization that shapes Americans’ views toward social issues through both direct messages and by fortifying subcultural boundaries.
A Study of Global Health Elective Outcomes
Authors: Russ Christiana M. , Tran Tony , Silverman Melanie , Palfrey Judith
Published: January 2017

Background and Objectives: To identify the effects of global health electives over a decade in a pediatric residency program. Methods: This was an anonymous email survey of the Boston Combined Residency alumni funded for global health electives from 2002 to 2011. A test for trend in binomial proportions and logistic regression were used to document associations between elective and participant characteristics and the effects of the electives. Qualitative data were also analyzed. Results: Of the 104 alumni with available email addresses, 69 (66%) responded, describing 94 electives. Elective products included 27 curricula developed, 11 conference presentations, and 7 academic publications. Thirty-two (46%) alumni continued global health work. Previous experience, previous travel to the site, number of global electives, and cumulative global elective time were associated with postresidency work in global health or with the underserved. Conclusions: Resident global electives resulted in significant scholarship and teaching and contributed to long-term career trajectories.
Accreditation Is Perceived to Improve Echocardiography Laboratory Quality: Results of an Intersocietal Accreditation Commission Survey
Authors: Lopez Leo , Farrell Mary Beth , Choi John Y. , Cockroft Kevin M. , Gornik Heather L. , Heller Gary V. , Jerome Scott D. , Manning Warren J.
Published: January 2017

The Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC) began accrediting echocardiography laboratories in 1996 to improve quality in diagnostic imaging facilities. With no existing data linking accreditation to improved outcomes, the aim of this study was to examine the perceived value of accreditation among individuals who have successfully achieved IAC echocardiography accreditation. An electronic survey was sent to accredited facilities soliciting demographic data along with questions regarding the perceived value of accreditation related to 15 quality indicators; 10.455 emails were sent with 999 responses (9.6%), and 63% of respondents reported improvement in results due to accreditation. Of the 15 quality indicators, the process was perceived as leading to improvement by a majority for 10 of the quality indicators. Nonphysicians tended to report more improvement compared with physicians (64% vs. 54%, P = .056). The perceptions from hospital-based respondents were more favorable than nonhospital-based respondents (67% vs. 59%, P < .001). More than 90% of respondents reported that maintaining accreditation was important for improved quality and better reimbursement. The study showed that IAC echocardiography facility accreditation is perceived by most facilities to improve operations for most quality indicators, particularly regarding study quality and reporting.
Ultrasensitive detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal tissue swabs
Authors: Isaac Andre , Kostiuk Morris , Zhang Han , Lindsay Cameron , Makki Fawaz , O'Connell Daniel A. , Harris Jeffrey R. , Cote David W. J. , Seikaly Hadi , Biron Vincent L.
Published: January 2017

Background

The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) caused by oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is rising worldwide. HPV-OPSCC is commonly diagnosed by RT-qPCR of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins or by p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has been recently reported as an ultra-sensitive and highly precise method of nucleic acid quantification for biomarker analysis. To validate the use of a minimally invasive assay for detection of oncogenic HPV based on oropharyngeal swabs using ddPCR. Secondary objectives were to compare the accuracy of ddPCR swabs to fresh tissue p16 IHC and RT-qPCR, and to compare the cost of ddPCR with p16 IHC.

Methods

We prospectively included patients with p16+ oral cavity/oropharyngeal cancer (OC/OPSCC), and two control groups: p16− OC/OPSCC patients, and healthy controls undergoing tonsillectomy. All underwent an oropharyngeal swab with ddPCR for quantitative detection of E6 and E7 mRNA. Surgical specimens had p16 IHC performed. Agreement between ddPCR and p16 IHC was determined for patients with p16 positive and negative OC/OPSCC as well as for healthy control patients. The sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR of oropharyngeal swabs were calculated against p16 IHC for OPSCC.

Results

122 patients were included: 36 patients with p16+OPSCC, 16 patients with p16−OPSCC, 4 patients with p16+OCSCC, 41 patients with p16−OCSCC, and 25 healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR of oropharyngeal swabs against p16 IHC were 92 and 98% respectively, using 20–50 times less RNA than that required for conventional RT-qPCR. Overall agreement between ddPCR of tissue swabs and p16 of tumor tissue was high at κ = 0.826 [0.662-0.989].

Conclusion

Oropharyngeal swabs analyzed by ddPCR is a quantitative, rapid, and effective method for minimally invasive oncogenic HPV detection. This assay represents the most sensitive and accurate mode of HPV detection in OPSCC without a tissue biopsy in the available literature.
R-spondin 1 is required for specification of hematopoietic stem cells through Wnt16 and Vegfa signaling pathways
Authors: Genthe Jamie R. , Clements Wilson K.
Published: January 2017

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the therapeutic component of bone marrow transplants, but finding immune-compatible donors limits treatment availability and efficacy. Recapitulation of endogenous specification during development is a promising approach to directing HSC specification in vitro, but current protocols are not capable of generating authentic HSCs with high efficiency. Across phyla, HSCs arise from hemogenic endothelium in the ventral floor of the dorsal aorta concurrent with arteriovenous specification and intersegmental vessel (ISV) sprouting, processes regulated by Notch and Wnt. We hypothesized that coordination of HSC specification with vessel patterning might involve modulatory regulatory factors such as R-spondin 1 (Rspo1), an extracellular protein that enhances β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling and has previously been shown to regulate ISV patterning. We find that Rspo1 is required for HSC specification through control of parallel signaling pathways controlling HSC specification: Wnt16/DeltaC/DeltaD and Vegfa/Tgfβ1. Our results define Rspo1 as a key upstream regulator of two crucial pathways necessary for HSC specification.
Endothelial cell regulation of salivary gland epithelial patterning
Authors: Kwon Hae Ryong , Nelson Deirdre A. , DeSantis Kara A. , Morrissey Jennifer M. , Larsen Melinda
Published: January 2017

Perfusion-independent regulation of epithelial pattern formation by the vasculature during organ development and regeneration is of considerable interest for application in restoring organ function. During murine submandibular salivary gland development, the vasculature co-develops with the epithelium during branching morphogenesis; however, it is not known whether the vasculature has instructive effects on the epithelium. Using pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA knockdown in embryonic organ explants, we determined that VEGFR2-dependent signaling is required for salivary gland epithelial patterning. To test directly for a requirement for endothelial cells in instructive epithelial patterning, we developed a novel ex vivo cell fractionation/reconstitution assay. Immuno-depletion of CD31+ endothelial cells in this assay confirmed a requirement for endothelial cells in epithelial patterning of the gland. Depletion of endothelial cells or inhibition of VEGFR2 signaling in organ explants caused an aberrant increase in cells expressing the ductal proteins K19 and K7, with a reduction in Kit+ progenitor cells in the endbuds of reconstituted glands. Addition of exogenous endothelial cells to reconstituted glands restored epithelial patterning, as did supplementation with the endothelial cell-regulated mesenchymal factors IGFBP2 and IGFBP3. Our results demonstrate that endothelial cells promote expansion of Kit+ progenitor cells and suppress premature ductal differentiation in early developing embryonic submandibular salivary gland buds.
Genome-wide identification of regulatory elements in Sertoli cells
Authors: Maatouk Danielle M. , Natarajan Anirudh , Shibata Yoichiro , Song Lingyun , Crawford Gregory E. , Ohler Uwe , Capel Blanche
Published: January 2017

A current goal of molecular biology is to identify transcriptional networks that regulate cell differentiation. However, identifying functional gene regulatory elements has been challenging in the context of developing tissues where material is limited and cell types are mixed. To identify regulatory sites during sex determination, we subjected Sertoli cells from mouse fetal testes to DNaseI-seq and ChIP-seq for H3K27ac. DNaseI-seq identified putative regulatory sites around genes enriched in Sertoli and pregranulosa cells; however, active enhancers marked by H3K27ac were enriched proximal to only Sertoli-enriched genes. Sequence analysis identified putative binding sites of known and novel transcription factors likely controlling Sertoli cell differentiation. As a validation of this approach, we identified a novel Sertoli cell enhancer upstream of Wt1, and used it to drive expression of a transgenic reporter in Sertoli cells. This work furthers our understanding of the complex genetic network that underlies sex determination and identifies regions that potentially harbor non-coding mutations underlying disorders of sexual development.
Sequential organogenesis sets two parallel sensory lines in medaka
Authors: Seleit Ali , Krämer Isabel , Ambrosio Elizabeth , Dross Nicolas , Engel Ulrike , Centanin Lázaro
Published: January 2017

Animal organs are typically formed during embryogenesis by following one specific developmental programme. Here, we report that neuromast organs are generated by two distinct and sequential programmes that result in parallel sensory lines in medaka embryos. A ventral posterior lateral line (pLL) is composed of neuromasts deposited by collectively migrating cells whereas a midline pLL is formed by individually migrating cells. Despite the variable number of neuromasts among embryos, the sequential programmes that we describe here fix an invariable ratio between ventral and midline neuromasts. Mechanistically, we show that the formation of both types of neuromasts depends on the chemokine receptor genes cxcr4b and cxcr7b, illustrating how common molecules can mediate different morphogenetic processes. Altogether, we reveal a self-organising feature of the lateral line system that ensures a proper distribution of sensory organs along the body axis.
Faithful mRNA splicing depends on the Prp19 complex subunit faint sausage and is required for tracheal branching morphogenesis in Drosophila
Authors: Sauerwald Julia , Soneson Charlotte , Robinson Mark D. , Luschnig Stefan
Published: January 2017

Morphogenesis requires the dynamic regulation of gene expression, including transcription, mRNA maturation and translation. Dysfunction of the general mRNA splicing machinery can cause surprisingly specific cellular phenotypes, but the basis for these effects is not clear. Here, we show that the Drosophila faint sausage (fas) locus, which is implicated in epithelial morphogenesis and has previously been reported to encode a secreted immunoglobulin domain protein, in fact encodes a subunit of the spliceosome-activating Prp19 complex, which is essential for efficient pre-mRNA splicing. Loss of zygotic fas function globally impairs the efficiency of splicing, and is associated with widespread retention of introns in mRNAs and dramatic changes in gene expression. Surprisingly, despite these general effects, zygotic fas mutants show specific defects in tracheal cell migration during mid-embryogenesis when maternally supplied splicing factors have declined. We propose that tracheal branching, which relies on dynamic changes in gene expression, is particularly sensitive for efficient spliceosome function. Our results reveal an entry point to study requirements of the splicing machinery during organogenesis and provide a better understanding of disease phenotypes associated with mutations in general splicing factors.
Primate embryogenesis predicts the hallmarks of human naïve pluripotency
Authors: Boroviak Thorsten , Nichols Jennifer
Published: January 2017

Naïve pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) resemble the preimplantation epiblast and efficiently contribute to chimaeras. Primate ESCs correspond to the postimplantation embryo and fail to resume development in chimaeric assays. Recent data suggest that human ESCs can be ‘reset’ to an earlier developmental stage, but their functional capacity remains ill defined. Here, we discuss how the naïve state is inherently linked to preimplantation epiblast identity in the embryo. We hypothesise that distinctive features of primate development provide stringent criteria to evaluate naïve pluripotency in human and other primate cells. Based on our hypothesis, we define 12 key hallmarks of naïve pluripotency, five of which are specific to primates. These hallmarks may serve as a functional framework to assess human naïve ESCs.
Vegfd modulates both angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during zebrafish embryonic development
Authors: Bower Neil I. , Vogrin Adam J. , Le Guen Ludovic , Chen Huijun , Stacker Steven A. , Achen Marc G. , Hogan Benjamin M.
Published: January 2017

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) control angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development and in pathological conditions. In the zebrafish trunk, Vegfa controls the formation of intersegmental arteries by primary angiogenesis and Vegfc is essential for secondary angiogenesis, giving rise to veins and lymphatics. Vegfd has been largely thought of as dispensable for vascular development in vertebrates. Here, we generated a zebrafish vegfd mutant by genome editing. vegfd mutants display significant defects in facial lymphangiogenesis independent of vegfc function. Strikingly, we find that vegfc and vegfd cooperatively control lymphangiogenesis throughout the embryo, including during the formation of the trunk lymphatic vasculature. Interestingly, we find that vegfd and vegfc also redundantly drive artery hyperbranching phenotypes observed upon depletion of Flt1 or Dll4. Epistasis and biochemical binding assays suggest that, during primary angiogenesis, Vegfd influences these phenotypes through Kdr (Vegfr2) rather than Flt4 (Vegfr3). These data demonstrate that, rather than being dispensable during development, Vegfd plays context-specific indispensable and also compensatory roles during both blood vessel angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
A p53-based genetic tracing system to follow postnatal cardiomyocyte expansion in heart regeneration
Authors: Xiao Qi , Zhang Guoxin , Wang Huijuan , Chen Lai , Lu Shuangshuang , Pan Dejing , Liu Geng , Yang Zhongzhou
Published: January 2017

In the field of heart regeneration, the proliferative potential of cardiomyocytes in postnatal mice is under intense investigation. However, solely relying on immunostaining of proliferation markers, the long-term proliferation dynamics and potential of the cardiomyocytes cannot be readily addressed. Previously, we found that a p53 promoter-driving reporter predominantly marked the proliferating lineages in mice. Here, we established a p53-based genetic tracing system to investigate postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. By selectively tracing proliferative cardiomyocytes, a differential pattern of clonal expansion in p53+ cardiac myocytes was revealed in neonatal, adolescent and adult stages. In addition, the percentage of p53+ lineage cardiomyocytes increased continuously in the first month. Furthermore, these cells rapidly responded to heart injury and greatly contributed to the replenished myocardium. Therefore, this study reveals complex proliferating dynamics in postnatal cardiomyocytes and heart repair, and provides a novel genetic tracing strategy for studying postnatal cardiac turnover and regeneration.
Effects of external strain on the regulation of microtubule sliding induced by outer arm dynein of sea urchin sperm flagella
Authors: Yoke Hiroshi , Shingyoji Chikako
Published: January 2017

Oscillatory bending movement of eukaryotic flagella is powered by orchestrated activity of dynein motor proteins that hydrolyze ATP and produce microtubule sliding. Although the ATP concentration within a flagellum is kept uniform at a few mmol l−1 level, sliding activities of dyneins are dynamically coordinated along the flagellum in accordance with the phase of bending waves. Thus, at the organellar level the dynein not only generates force for bending but also modulates its motile activity by responding to bending of the flagellum. Single molecule analyses have suggested that dynein at the molecular level, even if isolated from the axoneme, could alter the modes of motility in response to mechanical strain. However, it still remains unknown whether the coordinated activities of multiple dyneins can be modulated directly by mechanical signals. Here, we studied the effects of externally applied strain on the sliding movement of microtubules interacted with ensemble of dynein molecules adsorbed on a glass surface. We found that by bending the microtubules with a glass microneedle, three modes of motility that have not been previously characterized without bending can be induced: those were, stoppage, backward sliding and dissociation. Modification in sliding velocities was also induced by imposed bending. These results suggest that the activities of dyneins interacted with a microtubule can be modified and coordinated through external strain in a quite flexible manner and that such regulatory mechanism may be the basis of flagellar oscillation.
Hagfish Houdinis: biomechanics and behavior of squeezing through small openings
Authors: Freedman Calli R. , Fudge Douglas S.
Published: January 2017

Hagfishes are able to squeeze through small openings to gain entry to crevices, burrows, hagfish traps, and carcasses, but little is known about how they do this, or what the limits of this ability are. The purpose of this study was to describe this ability, and to investigate possible mechanisms by which it is accomplished. We investigated the hypothesis that the passive movement of blood within a hagfish's flaccid subcutaneous sinus allows it to squeeze through narrow apertures that it would not be able to if it were turgid. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed videos of Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) and Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) moving through narrow apertures in the lab. We measured changes in body width as the animals moved through these openings, and documented the behaviors associated with this ability. We found that hagfishes are able to pass through narrow slits that are less than one half the width of their bodies. Our results are consistent with the idea that a flaccid subcutaneous sinus allows hagfish to squeeze through narrow apertures by facilitating a rapid redistribution of venous blood. In addition, we describe nine distinct behaviors associated with this ability, including a form of non-undulatory locomotion also seen in snakes and lampreys. Our results illuminate a behavior that may be a critical component of the hagfish niche, due to its likely importance in feeding and avoiding predators.
Carotid Stent Mobility with Regard to Head Movements: In Vitro Analysis
Authors: Floris Vos A. W. , Linsen Matteus A. M. , Diks Jeroen , Rauwerda Jan A. , Wisselink Willem
Published: January 2017

Given that considerable motion of the carotid artery is present during head movements, we hypothesized that a flexible stent with low torsion might be favorable to avoid stress imparted to the stent and carotid artery. Therefore, we evaluated the flexibility of different expanded carotid stents before and after deployment in a carotid artery in vitro. Subsequently, we evaluated torsion of the bare expanded stents.

Five stents (Wallstent [Boston Scientific Corp., Natick, MA], Acculink [Guidant Corp., Indianapolis, IN], Precise [Cordis Corp., Johnson & Johnson Company, Warren, NJ], Carotid SE [Medtronic AVE, Santa Rosa, CA], and Protégé [EV3, Plymouth, MN]) were tested. Flexibility was determined using a three-point bend test recording the bending load (BL) in grams required to flex the stent 25°. Increased BL implies decreased flexibility. Torsion was measured by recording the rotation load (RL) in grams required to rotate the stents 30° along its axis. Increased RL implies increased torsion.

In the bare expanded state, the median BL was 6 g (range 1–22 g). The BL increased to 38 g (range 20–41 g) after deployment in a carotid artery, with the Carotid SE (21 g) and Wallstent (36 g) showing significantly lower BL ( p < .0001 and p = .0016, respectively). Overall, the RL was 11 g (range 1–76 g). Significantly higher RL was required to rotate the Wallstent (73 g) and Precise (20 g) stents ( p < .0001).

The flexibility of the currently used stents decreases after deployment in a carotid artery irrespective of its flexibility in the bare state. Two stents showed increased torsion compared with the other stents. Limitations in both flexibility and torsion might influence the long-term performance of carotid angioplasty stenting.
METODOLOGIA CIENTÍFICA NO CURSO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO: UMA NOVA PERSPECTIVA DIDÁTICA
Authors: Freitas Maria Aline Barbosa de , Sobral Ana Vládia Cabral
Published: January 2017

É observado que, na graduação, a produção de uma pesquisa é um dos maiores desafios por parte dos alunos, pois é neste período da graduação que os alunos são inseridos ao centro da pesquisa, identificando-se, assim, com um dos maiores desafios dos graduandos. Por esta razão, este estudo apresenta a seguinte problematização: A didática apresentada pelo professor na disciplina de metodologia científica facilita a compreensão e assimilação do conteúdo pelo aluno? Como objetivo geral, expõe a verificação da eficácia dos métodos de ensino utilizados na disciplina de Metodologia Científica em um curso de Administração de uma Instituição de ensino superior, e que apresenta os seguintes objetivos específicos: explicitar o nível de conhecimento dos alunos do curso de administração em relação à pesquisa científica; expor os aspectos que dificultam o aprendizado dos alunos na disciplina de Metodologia; verificar a necessidade do uso de novos métodos didáticos a serem usados na disciplina de Metodologia Científica. A pesquisa é de natureza quantitativa e nela se aplicou um questionário como forma de responder à problemática e aos objetivos aqui propostos. Concluiu-se, por meio da análise dos resultados, que a disciplina de Metodologia Científica contribui para o desenvolvimento dos trabalhos acadêmicos dos alunos; conclui-se, também, que a falta de prática no que diz respeito ao conteúdo abordado em sala é um dos aspectos que dificultam a compreensão e assimilação do conteúdo apresentado.
A ENERGIA EÓLICA COMO OPORTUNIDADE DE NEGÓCIO SUSTENTÁVEL: UM ESTUDO EM UMA EMPRESA NO CEARÁ
Authors: Gondim Pedro Henrique Pereira , Alvarenga Rafaella Alves Medeiros , Vale Alyne Oliveira do , Montenegro Rebeca Maria Bruno
Published: January 2017

O trabalho apresentado visa mostrar que há a possibilidade de investimentos em produção de energia por meio da matriz eólica no Ceará de forma comercialmente viável sem abandonar o conceito de sustentabilidade que é a marca principal das fontes de energia renováveis, como é a energia eólica. O Ceará apresenta um dos maiores complexos de geração de energia eólica no Brasil, e seu litoral está entre as melhores regiões do mundo para a exploração dessa matriz energética, mas ainda há muito a ser explorado tanto no litoral como no interior do Estado. Está é uma pesquisa descritiva, de natureza quantitativa, visto que levanta as variáveis presentes na construção dos parques eólicos no Estado. A conclusão do trabalho mostra que o Estado do Ceará tem muito a ganhar com a energia eólica, e que o Brasil tem nessa fonte uma ótima solução para o problema energético vivido pelo país. Somente 10% de todo o potencial do Estado foi aproveitado até o presente momento; espera-se com esse trabalho incentivar e esclarecer sobre futuros investimentos nessa área. A energia eólica pode trazer um grande crescimento para o Estado, transformando-o em um exemplo para o País, de aproveitamento de fontes renováveis na geração de energia elétrica.
ATRIBUTOS DETERMINANTES DE COMPRA DO CONSUMIDOR MASCULINO ADULTO JOVEM NO SETOR DE VESTUÁRIO – UM ESTUDO EM UMA IES PARTICULAR DE FORTALEZA- (CE)
Authors: Mendes Gabriel Aguiar , Avesque Christian Aquino , Mesquita Randal Glauber Santos , Sousa Ellen Campos
Published: January 2017

Mudanças substanciais estão acontecendo no mundo dos negócios. O aumento da concorrência é um fato desafiador em todos os segmentos. Para diferenciar-se no mercado, é essencial estudar o comportamento de compra dos indivíduos para conhecer a dinâmica que se passa nos processos de decisão que antecedem a compra. Estratégias mercadológicas que estão alinhadas a necessidades e desejos dos consumidores têm maiores chances de sucesso no cenário global atual. Desta forma, identificar os atributos determinantes de compra do consumidor masculino no setor de vestuário é o objetivo geral desse estudo. Para atendê-lo, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa em forma de survey descritivo, por meio de um questionário estruturado. O estudo foi realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) particular da cidade de Fortaleza (CE). A pesquisa utilizou uma amostra de natureza não probabilística por conveniência com 127 indivíduos do gênero masculino que frequentavam as dependências da IES nos turnos manhã e noite. Os resultados mostram que o cluster majoritário do consumidor masculino de vestuário tem um comportamento funcional/ utilitário e é portanto, tangível em relação à decisão de compra. O binômio preço-qualidade forma a base dos atributos determinantes de compra do público enfocado.
What kind of evolutionary biology suits cultural research?
Authors: Kull Kalevi
Published: January 2017

What kind of evolutionary biology suits cultural research?
Lower ant Diversity on Earth Mounds in a Semi-Arid Brazilian Ecosystem: Natural or a Sign of Degradation?
Authors: Carvalho Karine S. , Carneiro Marcos Augusto Ferraz , Nascimento Ivan Cardoso , Saha Amartya Kumar , Bruna Emilio Miguel
Published: January 2017

Natural earth mounds in many ecosystems harbor higher biodiversity than surroundings because they provide greater habitat heterogeniety. However, in the semi-arid Caatinga ecosystem of NE Brazil, natural mounds have much less vegetation and leaf litter with lower biodiversity as compared to the surrounding lowlands. The following hypotheses were tested: (i) low vegetation cover on the mounds results from highly compacted and leached soils as compared to adjacent lowlands and (ii) low vegetation cover reduce ant populations and diversity because of limited foraging and nesting resources. This study was carried out in four mound fields. Adjacent lowlands were found to have twice as many ant individuals as the mounds along with higher ant species richness and diversity. The high resistance of the mound soil to root penetration and low pH could be the main reason for the difference in diversity between mound and adjacent lowlands. Further investigations are needed to infer whether this low diversity on mounds is a natural feature, or a result of ongoing environmental degradation in the Caatinga, whereupon deforestation leads to hardened and compacted soils.
Diversity of wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in conventional and organic guarana (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis) crops in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Somavilla Alexandre , Schoeninger Karine , Castro Dark Gabriela Dolzane , Oliveira Marcio Luiz , Krug Cristiane
Published: January 2017

Diversity of wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in conventional and organic guarana (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis) crops in the Brazilian Amazon. The present study aimed to determine the diversity of wasp species associated with the guaraná crop and the difference in composition of species associated to organic and conventional crops, as well as among environments established in each management (adjacent forest, crop edge and guaraná crop). We collected 977 individuals and 59 species, in 23 genera of Vespidae, sixteen of Polistinae (52 species) and seven Eumeninae (seven species). Polybia was the most abundant and rich genus with 553 specimens and 15 species, followed by Agelaia (139, nine) and Protopolybia (103, five). In organic management crop, 686 individuals allocated in 18 genera and 47 species were collected, whereas in conventional management crop 291 individuals allocated in 18 genera and 41 species were collected. According to the three sampling points, in both management types, the edge of the crop field shows the highest abundance of wasps with a total of 519 individuals allocated in 19 genera and 45 species. Given the intense use of both environments (forest and crop) by the wasps, it is important to grow crops in regions near native forests, where the chances of social wasp colonies to be founded are increased.
Nano - maxillofacial surgery: development which cannot be avoided
Authors: P.T. Abhishek , Pethkar Radhika , Nizar Sarin , Dalvi Neethi
Published: January 2017

Objective:1)Â Â Â Â Â  To understand the importance of nanotechnology in maxillofacial surgery.2)Â Â Â Â Â  To impress the importance of adaptingnanotechnology in making the surgeries and diagnosis easy and more effective.Design: Various databases, including MEDLINE and EMBASE, were searchedto identify published articles related to nanotechnology and dentistry as well as in maxillofacial surgery. An exhaustive search was conducted and four reviewers independently completed inclusion assessment, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment for all studies identified.Conclusion: The review foundlittle evidence ofany recent research papers conducted aboutnanotechnology in dentistry or maxillofacial surgery. However , our study stress upon the need ofthe health care professionals like dental surgeons, specially oral and maxillofacial surgeons to be aware of the importance ofadapting new trends in nanotechnology.Maxillofacial surgeons need to takemore efforts and the supporting associations or societies need to provide more resources in the field of research to help the oral and maxillofacial surgeons be at par with the advanced world of nanotechnology and nanosurgery.
Docere, delectare et movere. Visión del docente y prisma del discente en el diseño e implementación de microsites con contenidos artísticos musicales
Authors: Gértrudix-Barrio Felipe , Rivas-Rebaque Begoña , Gértrudix-Barrio Manuel
Published: January 2017

En los estudios del Grado de Maestro en Educación Infantil, las enseñanzas artísticas poseen una gran importancia para el desarrollo competencial del estudiante. Por su carácter globalizador e integrador se convierten en eje vertebrador para la construcción del conocimiento del resto de áreas. Por su parte, las TIC constituyen una herramienta esencial que amplifica la esencia creativa que aportan las enseñanzas artísticas. En este contexto, se presenta una experiencia realizada durante el primer cuatrimestre del curso 2015-2016 con estudiantes del Grado de Educación Infantil de la Facultad de Educación de Toledo (UCLM). Se ha buscado analizar los Microsites aportados por los estudiantes como evidencias de aprendizaje, así como conocer sus capacidades docentes gracias a la implementación en el aula de estos microsites como prueba de su funcionalidad didáctica. A partir de una metodología mixta de investigación, los instrumentos de análisis han sido: a) análisis documental del contenido y estructura de los Microsites creados y b) análisis DAFO de la intervención didáctica llevada a cabo por los estudiantes en el aula de infantil, y c) cuestionario para conocer el tipo de herramientas TIC utilizadas en la creación de los contenidos digitales y musicales. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende una clara tendencia positiva entre los estudiantes hacia los elementos artísticos, y en especial a los musicales. Gracias a su participación e implicación constante en todo el proceso de elaboración de los contenidos, los estudiantes han alcanzado un notable nivel competencial en destrezas instrumentales, interpersonales y sistémicas.
La práctica del canto colectivo como eje transversal de conocimientos, actitudes y valores: una propuesta dirigida a alumnos de Grado en Educación Infantil y Primaria
Authors: Gelabert Gual Llorenç
Published: January 2017

La práctica del canto colectivo trabaja, eminentemente, aspectos específicos de índole musical, destacando en mayor medida la técnica de la voz cantada, el empaste vocal, las progresiones armónicas, o la estética y gusto musical, entre otros. No obstante, existen multitud de elementos transversales que sin ser específicamente musicales no dejan de ser importantes en dicho ejercicio. En el presente artículo recopilamos y analizamos, precisamente, algunas referencias y estudios relevantes vinculados al valor del mismo. Muy recurrente en centros de enseñanza infantil y primaria, la práctica del canto colectivo aparece con menor frecuencia en el proceso de formación musical de maestros y otros estudios superiores de música. En este orden de cosas, un grupo de alumnos de grado en Educación Infantil y grado en Educación Primaria de la Universitat de les Illes Balears, participaron voluntariamente en un proyecto de canto común vinculado a las asignaturas de música. A través de un cuestionario valoraron los diferentes aspectos trabajados a lo largo de las diferentes sesiones. Más allá del goce estético, las valoraciones finales se centraron en ciertas potencialidades de tinte psicosocial y actitudinal que fueron apareciendo a lo largo del proceso. A través de este artículo pretendemos hacer una aproximación a la documentación existente y a estudios relevantes en cuanto a la importancia del canto colectivo y, finalmente, a la experiencia llevada a cabo en la Universitat de les Illes Balears.
Kommunikation – Fachwelten treffen sich
Authors: Balihar Elisabeth
Published: January 2017

Am 13. und 14. Oktober 2016 veranstaltete das Kompetenzzentrum Bestandserhaltung (KBE) den „6. Tag der Bestandserhaltung“ mit Fachleuten aus Berlin und Brandenburg, aus Sachsen und weiteren Bundesländern. In diesem Jahr fand die Tagung unter dem Thema „Kommunikation – Fachwelten treffen sich“ in der Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin in Oberschöneweide statt.
Bibliothek als „öffentliches Wohnzimmer“: Eindrücke von Bibliotheksreisen in Skandinavien, den Niederlanden und Kolumbien – ein Interview
Authors: Bergmann Julia
Published: January 2017

Julia Bergmann ist seit 2003 als Trainerin, Vortragende und Beraterin im Bereich Bibliotheken und Bildungseinrichtungen national und international tätig. Sie ist Gründungsmitglied des Vereins Zukunftswerkstatt Kultur- und Wissensvermittlung e. V. und Mitglied des EU Think Tanks Library Avengers. 2015 besuchte sie im Rahmen von längeren Fachexkursionen Bibliotheken in den Niederlanden, Dänemark, Schweden und Finnland und im Jahr 2016 war sie auf Bibliotheksreise in Kolumbien. Das vorliegende Interview beschreibt ihre Eindrücke in den verschiedenen Ländern und geht besonders auf Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zu Bibliotheken in Deutschland ein.
APPsolut spannend – Mit dem Tablet durch die Bibliothek
Authors: Lenz Doreen
Published: January 2017

Mobile Endgeräte sind heute tägliche Begleiter von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Sie werden als Kommunikationsmittel, als Unterhaltungsmedium und Informationsquelle genutzt. Die bibliothekspädagogische Praxis greift diese Lebensrealität auf und entwickelt zeitgemäße Konzepte zur Leseförderung und der Vermittlung von Informations- und Medienkompetenz. Vor diesem Hintergrund setzt die Kinder- und Jugendbibliothek der Zentral- und Landesbibliothek Berlin (ZLB) seit November 2015 Tablets im Rahmen von Klassenführungen ein. Vorgestellt werden hier vier Anwendungsmöglichkeiten aus der Praxis.