MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TREATMENT OF RATS WITH AN EXPERIMENTAL INFECTED WOUND USING AN ANTISEPTIC AND AN IMMUNOMODULATOR
Authors: Khimich O.S. 
Published: April 2024

Despite the outstanding achievements in treating wounds, the question of the development and search of new medicines and new medicinal antimicrobial compositions, which would provide an opportunity to improve the treatment of infected and purulent wounds in modern conditions, is still relevant.Material and methods. On the basis of the Department of Microbiology and the veterinary medical clinic of National Pyrogov Memorial Medical University (Vinnytsya, Ukraine), an experimental study was conducted, which consisted of the microbiological evaluation of the use of the immunomodulator "Blastomunil" in the treatment of infected wounds in rats. Under anesthesia, a wound of 1.5x1.5 cm was made in the interscapular area of the animals. It was infected, and then it was treated by intramuscular injection of Blastomunyl, or its local application as monotherapy or in combination with Decamethoxine. The collection of material from the wounds for microbiological research was carried out for 3, 7, 10 and 14 days, followed by a microbiological study of the quantitative content of microorganisms in the wound and their species identification. Numerical values of the number of microorganisms in wounds were expressed as the decimal logarithm of colony-forming units per ml (lg CFU/ml).Research results. Indicators of S.aureus wound contamination on the third day decreased from the 3rd to the 6th group by 1.35, 1.32, 1.46, 1.49, 1.26. and 1.29 times, respectively, with the most significant indicators in 5 (3.74±0.14 lg CFU/ml) and 6 (2.48±0.45 lg CFU/ml) groups, which were significantly different from the control (p<0.05). Regarding P.aeruginosa, a significant logarithmic decrease in microbial contamination was observed in groups 3 (3.78±0.26 lg CFU/ml), 5 (3.12±0.17 lg CFU/ml), 6 (2.48±0.45 lg CFU/ml), and the reduction was respectively, 1.37, 1.66 and 2.09 times, and for the 6th group was reliably the most significant (p<0.05). On the 7th day, a decrease in the number of S.aureus and P.aeruginosa CFU was observed in all groups compared to the control. The most significant decrease in the level of microbial colonization of S.aureus wounds was found in group 5 (2.96±0.08 lg CFU/ml), and its multiplicity was 1.99 times, respectively, compared to the control (p<0.05). A significant reduction in the colonization of wounds by the opportunistic gram-negative bacillus P.aeruginosa was established on the 7th day in groups 5 (2.32±0.36 lg CFU/ml) and 6 (1.43±0.65 lg CFU/ml), the multiplicity of logarithmic reduction of contamination was significant and reliable ( p<0.05) and was 2.0 and 3.26, respectively. On the 10th day, the load of S.aureus in wounds in groups 3-6 significantly decreased. Multiplicity compared to the control was determined in 1.4, 1.54, 2.24, 2.2 times, respectively, with the best result in 5 (2.06±0.04 lg CFU/ml) and 6 (1.9±0.52 lg CFU/ml) groups. For P.aeruginosa, a reliable logarithmic decrease in microbial colonization was determined for groups 2-6, and the multiplicity compared to the control was 1.46, 1.38, 1.91, 1.86, 1.38 times with the best indicators in groups 5 (1.85±0.66 lg CFU/ml) and 6 (1.9±0.52 lg CFU/ml) (p<0.05). On the 14th day, complete eradication of S.aureus and P.aeruginosa was established in wounds of groups 3-6. In the second group, the level of contamination still remained at an insignificant level and was 1.55±0.49 lg CFU/ml S.aureus and 1.04±0.2 lg CFU/ml P.aeruginosa, which is 4.2 and 5 times less than in the control group.Conclusion. Blastomunyl indirectly, apparently due to its immunomodulatory effect, exhibits significant antimicrobial properties, both when administered intramuscularly and when used locally as monotherapy or in combination with Decasan.