bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital environmental information sources for creating augmented reality in education
Authors: Sidorov Alexander , Vasilieva Darya , Soboleva Olga , Melyushchenko Natalya
Published: June 2024

To complete the ecological educational content in the context of augmented reality, the digital means of modern electronic publications were screened. Educational materials in the form of public services, interactive cartographic materials on topographic, geological, hydrological features, functional zoning of the territory, natural-climatic characteristics and environmental pollution are offered. On a practical example are given explanations on the use, interpretation of data on the territory and in the conditions of Novokuibyshevsk, Samara region. The definition of ecological situation analysis in the context of augmented reality is proposed for discussion. The procedure of description of its main components is shown. A classification table of educational content elements with digital sources of their formation is compiled.
Instruments of state policy for greening land use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Revunov Roman , Oganyan Aleksander , Plokhotnikova Galina
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study is to verify the main imperatives of environmental management. The working hypothesis is predetermined by the need to meet the requirements of Russia's state policy in the field of compliance with international environmental standards, and the need to harmonise the environmental legislation of the Russian Federation in the structure of international environmental law. To achieve the set goals, it is necessary to solve a number of key tasks: to study the experience of advanced foreign countries in the organisation of nature management, to form socioecological-economic mechanisms of adaptation of optimal environmental solutions in relation to Russian conditions, and to verify the fundamental principles of the effectiveness of territorial-organisational environmental protection measures. Methodological basis is based on the analysis of normative-legal literature in the field of environmental management, synthesis of ideological-theoretical and substantive-substantive approaches to the problem of ecologisation of agro-territorial formations, grouping of attributive features of the system of environmental management. The object of the study is ecological landscape nature management in the paradigm of sustainable socially and socially orientated regional development. The subject of the study is foreign experience in the application of socio-economic and institutional-legal tools to ensure rational nature use. Institutional and socio-ecological-economic mechanisms of rational nature use and harmonisation of environmental policy in the paradigm of international environmental standards are developed, foreign practices of formation of organisational-economic conditions of ecological-landscape management of land resources are analysed.
Research on anthropogenic influence on satellite positioning accuracy
Authors: Yakovlev V.V. , Korzhenevskaya I.V.
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of research into the accuracy of satellite-based positioning methods in the vicinity of operating industrial and energy facilities. Modern dual-frequency multi-system satellite receivers allow for high accuracy and productivity in compliance with the basic principles of work related to ensuring the criterion of unity of measurements and the mandatory implementation of the rules of localisation of the object and the receiver(s), as well as the study of geometric and temporal factors of satellite passage, with their subsequent application to perform quality measurements. This technique is widely and effectively used on large area and linear objects by qualified specialists in the field of geodesy. The accuracy of determinations is guaranteed by the openness of the sky and the absence of all kinds of man-made factors that potentially interfere with the reception of radio signals. This paper does not consider the extreme operation of receivers in areas of special signal suppression. It is of great interest to research the accuracy of satellite positioning methods in the vicinity of operating industrial and energy objects.
A evaluation of tobacco control policy in Hong Kong
Authors: Zhong Zhichao
Published: June 2024

Hong Kong has implemented multiple smoking control policies over the past 40 years, including legislation, taxation, education, and smoking cessation services. This review analyzes data on smoking rates, daily cigarette consumption, smoking related diseases, and law enforcement, summarizes the policy tools used by the Hong Kong government in tobacco control, to evaluates and analyzes the effectiveness of these policies. After collection and analysis, it was found that people's smoking rate has decreased from 23% in 1982 to 10% in 2021, and daily smoking volume is also decreasing over time. In particular, the new smoking ban implemented in 2007 has led to a general decline in the incidence rate and mortality of lung cancer. During this period, the government is also using different means, such as continuously expanding smoking prohibition zones and strengthening law enforcement, to promote and educate the public on the importance of smoking prohibition. Overall, over the past 40 years, Hong Kong has made positive progress in reducing tobacco use and smoking hazards through comprehensive and gradual policies aimed at maintaining and strengthening tobacco control, promoting public health.
Cluster approach in marketing
Authors: Krasyuk Irina , Bragin Alexey
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the cluster approach in industry. The authors' position on the evolutionary transformation of the cluster concept into an ecosystem one is substantiated. The author's view on the content of the “diamond of competitiveness” for assessing the high-tech industry sector is proposed. On the basis of marketing design, the relationship between the cluster economy and the ecosystem concept is revealed, which will determine the methodological tools of cluster marketing and will allow evaluating its industrial corporations. It is proved that the ecosystem approach is the basis of marketing design. Building the activities of industrial companies on the basis of ecosystem ensures the solution of strategic tasks on a marketing basis.
Mobile application for independent tourism as a virtual guide to city attractions
Authors: Petrova Irina , Gerasimova Marina , Egarmin Pavel , Ahmatshin Farid , Grebnev Ilya , Petrova Anastasia
Published: June 2024

Domestic tourism in our country is becoming an important tool for the development of regional economy. It covers all spheres of society, including culture, economy and social life. To stimulate domestic tourism by regions, it is necessary to update existing routes and create new ones. To develop new tourist routes, one of the effective approaches is the use of augmented reality technology. It allows to create interactive tourist routes that enrich the tourist experience of visitors to cities. The use of augmented reality technology allows to significantly diversify the leisure time of a tourist when visiting various cultural sites.
Improving the environmental quality of life of citizens
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Gushchina Mariya , Pogorelov Nikolay
Published: June 2024

At the present stage of society's development, issues related to improving the environmental quality of life of the population while maintaining the level of quality in other aspects – social and economic - are becoming increasingly developed. One of the possible solutions to this problem is a potential mechanism associated with changing the place of residence of citizens to regions and territories with a more favorable ecological and social situation while reducing the level of economic burden. This mechanism can be implemented in the context of solving the problem of early retirement of citizens, taking into account compensation payments, including at the expense of existing real estate. The purpose of the study: to develop a mechanism for improving the environmental quality of life of the population in the context of solving the problem of reducing pension costs through compensation payments of citizens. Research methods: comparison, analysis and synthesis, generalization, method of retrospective analysis and forecasting of ecosystem development. As a result of the study, approaches are proposed to choose options for improving the environmental quality of life of citizens, as well as substantiating the conditions of compensation payments due to the sale of excess value of real estate objects of citizens potentially suitable for early retirement
Marketing audit is a tool for strategic development of an industrial company
Authors: Krasyuk Irina , Pasholikov Maxim
Published: June 2024

The high-tech sector of the economy carries out marketing activities at the operational and strategic management level. The implemented import substitution policy actualizes the marketing expertise of the technical decisions taken. Technological audit is aimed at improving the competitiveness of a particular production. The results of the completed marketing audit determine the main directions of innovative changes in the production landscape. The authors propose a conceptual model of a marketing management system that integrates the results of the evaluation of marketing and technological audit and creates conditions for the release of innovative industrial products. Relationship marketing forms new criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of marketing activities, which is based on increasing the level of consumer perception of the brand. Strategic priorities for the development of industrial companies are based on a marketing platform and ensure the achievement of technological self-confidence.
Timing It Right: Endoscopic Necrosectomy for Infected Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Authors: Yadav Ashutosh Ishan , Rana Surinder Singh
Published: June 2024

The endoscopic step-up drainage approach involving initial drainage followed by, if required, direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN) is the preferred management approach for symptomatic pancreatic necrotic collections. However, limited data suggests that immediate DEN during initial stent placement may hasten clinical recovery by quicker resolution of systemic inflammatory response. However, because of concerns about adverse effects, especially gastric perforation and bleeding, most endoscopists prefer delayed DEN. In this news and views, we discuss a recently published randomized controlled trial that compared upfront necrosectomy at the index intervention versus as a step-up for patients with infected necrotizing pancreatitis.
A Glimpse into the Prognostic Factors of Outcomes for Isolated, Operated Severe Traumatic Head Injury Patients in a Resource Constrained Trauma Center Setup
Authors: Chandra Anil , Ojha Bal Krishna , Srivastava Chhitij , Jaiswal Somil , Singh Aman
Published: June 2024

Background Severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) continues to burden health care in developing countries. This study focuses on STBI patients undergoing surgical intervention to understand the factors affecting their outcomes in a constrained trauma center setup.

Aim This aims to study the epidemiological and clinical factors to understand the long-term morbidity, mortality risks, and triaging among STBI patients requiring surgery.

Methods A prospective observational study was conducted on 227 isolated STBI patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8 who underwent surgical evacuation of intracranial lesions. Patients were classified based on their neurological status and lesions on computed tomography head. Postoperative data on complications were collected. At 6-month follow-up, patients with Glasgow (Extended) scores of 7 to 8 were deemed good outcomes, and scores of 1 to 6 were deemed poor. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent influencing factors, with p < 0.05 as statistically significant.

Results The clinicoradiological factors including age (p = 0.02), asymmetric pupillary reaction (p = 0.002), low presenting pulse rate (p = 0.041), and low systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.016 and p < 0.0001, respectively), low GCS (p = 0.011), midline shift > 5 mm (p < 0.0001), and obliterated basal cisterns were significantly associated with poor outcome. Tracheostomy, respiratory tract infection, bedsore, meningitis, deep vein thrombosis, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and bone flap site infection were significantly associated with survival of the patients (p = 0.036). The most common cause of mortality during home care included respiratory tract infection and was associated with the care of the tracheostomized. GCS (p < 0.0001), age (p = 0.005), and alcohol use (p = 0.034) were independent predictors for the outcome of patients.

Conclusion This study helps clinicians predict prognosis, postoperative recovery, manage challenges, counsel caregivers, and predict long-term patient outcomes.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Liver Biopsy (EUS-LB): An Endoscopic Solution to the Unmet Needs of Liver Tissue Acquisition and Beyond
Authors: Khare Shivam , Arora Anil , Varghese Jijo , Kumar Ashish , Jain Sunila , Khandelwal Ashiesh , Mittal Arpita , Misra Sunayana , Anikhindi Shrihari , Kumar Mandhir , Ranjan Piyush , Sharma Praveen , Bansal Naresh , Sachdeva Munish , Giri Suprabhat , S. Srijaya
Published: June 2024

Aim and Objective Endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy (EUS-LB) is now increasingly being used across the globe as a method of liver tissue acquisition. This method is widely accepted by many professionals as it can overcome many shortcomings of percutaneous liver biopsy and transjugular liver biopsy. The aim of the study is to obtain the adequate and optimal biopsy rate associated with EUS-LB.

Materials and Methods This is a retrospective observational study. Consecutive patients undergoing EUS-LB during the study period who were willing to consent were taken up for the study.

Results Total 91 patients were taken up for the study. Median age of study population was 44 years out of which 39 patients were males and 52 were females (42.9 and 57.1%). Adequate biopsy rate (according to European Association for the Study of Liver Disease criteria) and optimal biopsy rate (according to American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases criteria) were 89 (81/91) and 60.4% (55/91), respectively. Rate of conclusive diagnosis was 95.6% (86/91). The commonest diagnosis encountered was nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) (23, 25.3%), followed by autoimmune hepatitis (17, 18.7%). Additional diagnostic information was obtained by endosonography during EUS-LB in 21 patients (23.1%). Gallstone disease was found in four (4.8%) patients, chronic calcific pancreatitis in two (1.9%) patients, significant abdominal lymphadenopathy defined as lymph node more than 1.5 cm in five (5.8%) patients, and esophageal or gastric varices in ten (10.6%) patients. One case of self-limiting biopsy site ooze was seen in EUS-LB and the patient was having cirrhosis.

Conclusion This study showed a high diagnostic outcome and safety profile with EUS-LB technique. EUS-LB can achieve excellent histological yield when performed with optimal technique. Moreover, it is possible to obtain additional information during the procedure from diagnostic endosonography that is done as a part of EUS-LB.
Comparison of Anterior versus Posterior Fixation in Traumatic Subaxial Cervical Spine Subluxation in Terms of Intraoperative Blood Loss, Surgical Time, and Length of Hospital Stay: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Shabbir Muhammad Asif , Ikram Shuja , Khizar Ahtesham , Elahi Inaam , Ghafoor Abdul , Umer Muhammad Waqas
Published: June 2024

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of anterior versus posterior fixation for traumatic subaxial cervical spine subluxation in terms of mean intraoperative blood loss, surgical time, and length of hospital stay.

Materials and Methods A prospective observational study was conducted from August 25, 2022 to August 24, 2023 at the Department of Neurosurgery, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan, including 60 patients (30 in each group) fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Group A had anterior cervical fixation, while group B underwent posterior cervical fixation. Patients were monitored for intraoperative blood loss, surgical time, and length of hospital stay. All the results were collected and recorded on a proforma.

Results The mean age of the patients in group A was 45.40 ± 3.75 years and that in group B was 45.50 ± 4.13 years. In all, 48.8% (n = 21) were males and 52.9% (n = 9) were females in group A, while 51.2% (n = 22) were males and 47.1% (n = 8) were females in group B. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 71.60 ± 0.77 mL in group A and 101.76 ± 0.85 mL in group B. The mean surgical time was 72.73 ± 0.98 minutes in group A and 94.73 ± 0.58 minutes in group B. The mean length of hospital stay was 7.63 ± 0.55 days in group A and 12.80 ± 0.71 days in group B.

Conclusion It was concluded that the anterior approach is better than the posterior approach for traumatic subaxial cervical subluxation spine in terms of low blood loss, less surgical time, and reduced hospital stay.
Traumatic Delayed Posterior Cranial Fossa Epidural Hematoma: A Rare Entity
Authors: Baig Abdur Rehman , Khizar Ahtesham , Tanweer Maryem , Anwar Farooq
Published: June 2024

Posterior fossa epidural hematomas (EDHs) are much rarer entities than supratentorial EDHs which are reported only 4 to 7% in the literature. Due to the tight space and critical structures in posterior fossa, only a few cases can go with the conservative management but even then patients can deteriorate anytime with enlargement of hematoma and compression effects on brain stem and require urgent evacuation. This letter aims to provide a case of a young kid who presented initially with less-volume EDH and later required urgent evacuation because of hematoma expansion.
Combined importance–performance map analysis (cIPMA) in partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS–SEM): a SmartPLS 4 tutorial
Authors: Sarstedt Marko , Richter Nicole F. , Hauff Sven , Ringle Christian M.
Published: June 2024

Recent research on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS–SEM) extended the classic importance–performance map analysis (IPMA) by taking the results of a necessary condition analysis (NCA) into consideration. By also highlighting necessary conditions, the combined importance–performance map analysis (cIPMA) offers a tool that enables better prioritization of management actions to improve a key target construct. In this article, we showcase a cIPMA’s main steps when using the SmartPLS 4 software. Our illustration draws on the technology acceptance model (TAM) used in the cIPMA’s original publication, which features prominently in business research.
Promoting low-carbon land use: from theory to practical application through exploring new methods
Authors: Chuai Xiaowei , Xu Hongbo , Liu Zemiao , Xiang Ai , Luo Yuting , Mao Wanliu , Wang Tong , Ye Xin , Miao Lijuan , Zhao Rongqin , Zhang Fengtai
Published: June 2024

Cities are main carbon emissions generators. Land use changes can not only affect terrestrial ecosystems carbon, but also anthropogenic carbon emissions. However, carbon monitoring at a spatial level is still coarse, and low-carbon land use encounters the challenge of being unable to adjust at the patch scale. This study addresses these limitations by using land-use data and various auxiliary data to explore new methods. The approach involves developing a high-resolution carbon monitoring model and investigating a patch-scale low-carbon land use model by integrating high carbon sink/source images with the Future Land Use Simulation model. Between 2000 and 2020, the results reveal an increasing trend in both carbon emissions and carbon sinks in the Shangyu district. Carbon sinks can only offset approximately 3% of the total carbon emissions. Spatially, the north exhibits net carbon emissions, while the southern region functions more as a carbon sink. A total of 14.5% of the total land area witnessed a change in land-use type, with the transfer-out of cropland constituting the largest area at 96.44 km2, accounting for 50% of the total transferred area. Land-use transfer resulted in an annual increase of 77.72 × 104 t in carbon emissions between 2000 and 2020. Through land-use structure optimisation, carbon emissions are projected to increase by only 7154 t C/year from 2000 to 2030, significantly lower than the amount between 2000 and 2020. Further low-carbon land optimisation at the patch scale can enhance the carbon sink by 129.59 t C/year. The conclusion drawn is that there is considerable potential to reduce carbon emissions through land use control. The new methods developed in our study can effectively contribute to high-resolution carbon monitoring in spatial contexts and support low-carbon land use, promoting the application of low-carbon land use from theory to practice. This will provide technological guidance for land use planning, city planning, and so forth.
Embracing biodiversity: multispecies population genomics of leafless Bossiaea species shows novel taxa, population dynamics and conservation strategies
Authors: McMaster Eilish S. , Yap Jia-Yee S. , McDougall Keith L. , James Elizabeth A. , Walsh Neville , Jario Nic , Peterie Jessica , Rossetto Maurizio
Published: June 2024

Leafless Bossiaea species are a unique group of plants endemic to Australia that present intriguing challenges in taxonomy and conservation because of their morphological simplicity and often small, disjunct populations. We employed whole genome reduced representation sequencing (DArTseq) to enhance our understanding of the population dynamics, diversity and taxonomy of leafless Bossiaea species. Our dataset comprised 52,539 single-nucleotide polymorphisms across 283 samples from 7 leafless Bossiaea species, including 6 listed threatened species. We examined population structure, phylogenetic relationships, kinship and gene flow within and among populations. On the basis of our population-genomic analyses, we propose recognition of the novel taxon Bossiaea vombata subsp. orientalis and a change in status from species (B. milesiae) to subspecies for B. fragrans subsp. milesiae. Additionally, we show extensive clonal reproduction across species and limited gene flow at distances of >1 km, shedding light on the challenges faced by these species. We advocate a coordinated approach to conservation, focusing on restoring self-sustaining populations and leveraging genetic rescue strategies. By addressing the population dynamics of multiple species simultaneously in taxonomically challenging lineages, we can make informed choices to safeguard biodiversity and evolutionary potential.
Effect of nitrogen/oxygen ratios on surface charge distributions generated by repetitive surface dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Uemura Takuma , Nishida Hiroyuki , Ono Ryo , Komuro Atsushi
Published: June 2024

Studies on the dielectric surface parameters and dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) characteristics considering the influence of gases in DBD on the surface charge distribution are scarce. Thus, to overcome this research gap, this study measured the potential distributions of AC-driven surface DBD in oxygen (O2), synthetic air and nitrogen (N2) as background gases using the Pockels effect. The results showed that the patterns of the filamentary discharges generated during the positive voltage polarity phase differed depending on the O2 ratio. In addition, the electrostatic repulsion forces between the residual charge and the newly created filament were analysed from the measured potential distribution and the greatest effect was observed in air, rather than in N2 and O2. The potential distribution was transformed into a charge density distribution and compared with the discharge luminescence in air and N2. The results showed that the shape of the filament tip differed between the charge density and discharge luminescence only in the case of air, which was attributed to the effect of attachment reactions on the formation of residual charge. The measurements showed that in a surface discharge, similar to the case in a volume discharge, the photoionisation and ionisation coefficients significantly affected the geometrical properties of the discharges.
‘Are you even listening?’ - EEG-based decoding of absolute auditory attention to natural speech
Authors: Roebben Arnout , Heintz Nicolas , Geirnaert Simon , Francart Tom , Bertrand Alexander
Published: June 2024

Objective. In this study, we use electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to determine whether a subject is actively listening to a presented speech stimulus. More precisely, we aim to discriminate between an active listening condition, and a distractor condition where subjects focus on an unrelated distractor task while being exposed to a speech stimulus. We refer to this task as absolute auditory attention decoding. Approach. We re-use an existing EEG dataset where the subjects watch a silent movie as a distractor condition, and introduce a new dataset with two distractor conditions (silently reading a text and performing arithmetic exercises). We focus on two EEG features, namely neural envelope tracking (NET) and spectral entropy (SE). Additionally, we investigate whether the detection of such an active listening condition can be combined with a selective auditory attention decoding (sAAD) task, where the goal is to decide to which of multiple competing speakers the subject is attending. The latter is a key task in so-called neuro-steered hearing devices that aim to suppress unattended audio, while preserving the attended speaker. Main results. Contrary to a previous hypothesis of higher SE being related with actively listening rather than passively listening (without any distractors), we find significantly lower SE in the active listening condition compared to the distractor conditions. Nevertheless, the NET is consistently significantly higher when actively listening. Similarly, we show that the accuracy of a sAAD task improves when evaluating the accuracy only on the highest NET segments. However, the reverse is observed when evaluating the accuracy only on the lowest SE segments. Significance. We conclude that the NET is more reliable for decoding absolute auditory attention as it is consistently higher when actively listening, whereas the relation of the SE between actively and passively listening seems to depend on the nature of the distractor.
A potential optical approach for diagnosis of the local magnetic field near the surface of the first wall/divertor tiles by Zeeman effect using polarization-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Huace , Wu Ding , Li Cong , Hu Zhenhua , Ding Fang , Hai Ran , Ding Hongbin ,   the EAST Team
Published: June 2024

Magnetic field measurement is the basic diagnosis to obtain the physical engineering parameters of magnetic confinement fusion device and the macro information of plasma discharge. The real-time diagnosis of magnetic field distribution near the plasma-facing components (PFCs) surface provides the important information on the migration and transport model of key elements. In this work, a remote, in-situ approach for the magnetic field measurement near the surface of PFCs by the polarization-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) based on Zeeman effect is proposed and implemented. The Zeeman characteristics of the emission spectra of laser-induced W, Mo and C plasmas were verified in the laboratory by using different magnetic field configurations. According to the polarization characteristics of the Zeeman sublines of the LIBS spectrum, the intensity and direction of the external local magnetic field were successively identified by using a linear polarizer. Subsequently, a linear array fiber was utilized to determine the polarity of the external magnetic field. And finally, the magnetic field intensity near the lower edge surface of the tungsten baffle of the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) upper divertor was measured when the field coils were demagnetized. This method can supplement the experimental data near the PFCs for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic confinement fusion device and provide a reference for the wall element analysis model diagnosed by LIBS.
Optimal computation of integrals in the Half-Space Matching method for modal simulation of SHM/NDE in 3D elastic plate
Authors: Allouko A. , Bonnet-Ben Dhia A.-S. , Lhémery A. , Baronian V.
Published: June 2024

Simulating structural health monitoring (SHM) or nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods based on elastic guided waves (GW) is very helpful to handle their complexity (co-existence of several GW modes, frequency dependence of wavespeed) and to further design optimal methods of inspection offering high sensitivity to the sought flaws. The half-space matching (HSM) method has been established for the development of a model that hybridizes local finite element (FE) computations for GW scattering by a flaw, with a modal semi-analytical model for GW radiation and propagation in flawless plate-like structures. Highly oscillatory Integral formulae appear in the HSM method that radiate the scattered field away from the FE zone as the superimposition of modal contributions, which computation can be time-consuming. The present work is concerned with their optimal computation. Integral of this form can be efficiently computed under the far-field approximation but this classical technique fails at predicting accurately wavefields at relatively short distances (small number of wavelengths). The method developed herein relies on the complexification of the integrals to be computed and on specific deformation of integration paths in the complex plane, as detailed in the paper. It allows the evaluation of the integrals without approximation other than that of numerical quadratures, ensuring high accuracy while offering high computing performances. It indifferently applies in the far-field and in the near-field. The method of computation is validated by comparing its predictions with a reference solution of GW scattering. Its computational performances are also demonstrated, compared to those of the standard computation of the HSM integral formulae.
Performance analysis of transcritical CO2 and common medium low-temperature air energy heat pump
Authors: Li Jieru
Published: June 2024

To comply with the development of the “dual-carbon” goal, a new refrigerant for heat pump products is necessary. Firstly, mathematical models of enhanced vapor injection air energy heat pump and transcritical CO2 heat pump systems were established, and they were calculated using thermodynamic methods. The results show that when CO2 is used as the refrigerant, the discharge temperature is 30% and 22.7%, which is higher than that of R410A and R134a, and 4.9% lower than that of R32. At the compressor outlet, the volume flow rate of CO2 is 59.0%, 60.8%, and 64.2% less than R410A, R32, and R134a, respectively. In terms of power consumption, the difference between CO2 and R410 A is within 6%. The power consumption of the CO2 system is 0% ∼ 6.4% higher than that of the R32 system and 29.2% ∼ 46.5% lower than that of the R134a system. The COP of the CO2 system is within 6% of that of the R410A and R32 systems, which is 41% ∼ 87% higher than that of the R134a system. When the ratio of CO2 / R32 is 0 ∼ 0.2 and 0.9, the COP of the mixed refrigerant is better than that of the single refrigerant CO2.
Planning of wind-photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-water for a zero-carbon microgrid on an independent island
Authors: Liang Fuguang
Published: June 2024

Due to low daily demand and the remote location from the shoreline, diesel generators dominate the energy supply on these islands, resulting in significant emissions of harmful gases. In this paper, a collaborative planning approach is proposed for a zero-carbon microgrid incorporating wind turbines (WTs), photovoltaic modules (PVs), electrochemical energy storages(EESs), hydrogen energy storages(HESs), and sea water desalination on an independent island. Long-term and short-term energy storage mechanisms, represented by HESs and EESs, respectively, are coordinated to harness the abundant wind and solar energy resources. Additionally, consideration is given to the requirement for sea water desalination to achieve a self-sustained equilibrium of zero-carbon water and electricity for the island’s inhabitants. Illustrative analysis demonstrates that the proposed planning method accounts for the stability and environmental preservation in terms of the planning and operation. This has profound implications for advancing the transformation of the island’s microgrid energy infrastructure, enhancing the utilization of renewable energy, and bolstering the self-sustaining capacity of hydropower resources.
Yaw control strategy optimization
Authors: Zhang Yuyang , Li Yiran , Bian Yanfeng
Published: June 2024

In recent years, with the rapid development of large-scale wind turbines, the issue of yaw misalignment has attracted increasing attention. This problem not only reduces the power generation capacity of the turbine but also affects the fatigue load on its blades. Therefore, in this paper, the shortcomings of common yaw control strategies were introduced first, and we propose a decoupling approach for wind direction angle and yaw angle to eliminate physical deviations and improve accuracy in aligning with the wind direction.
Numerical simulation of the influence of different heating directions on charging performance of the cubic combined sensible-latent heat storage structure
Authors: Liu Yuanqing , Wu Yuting , Ma Chongfang
Published: June 2024

The sensible and latent heat storage system (CSLHS) has become a research hotspot. In this paper, we construct a thermal storage unit structure by using the method of cubic macro-encapsulation, and its charging performance is simulated by CFD. The material of sensible heat storage is magnesia brick or concrete, and the material of the latent heat storage is molten salt. First, we analyze the effects of different heat surfaces on the charging performance of the CSLHS. The charging performance is better when heating from the bottom than when heating from the top or the side. Then, the heat storage of concrete brick and CSLHS is compared, under the premise of heating from the bottom surface. When the PCM starts to melt, the heat transfer inside the hybrid configuration is 39% higher than the solid heat storage structure. When the heat storage is nearing completion, its temperature distribution is more uniform than the solid heat storage structure, and its heat transfer inside the hybrid configuration is at the same level as the concrete.
Under-frequency load shedding setting method of new energy sending-end system based on improved IMQ-GWO algorithm
Authors: Wang Haijun , Xu Tao , Li Yang , Li Chencheng , Zhu Lin
Published: June 2024

Aiming at the problems of low qualification rate, poor stability, and insufficient timeliness of the existing under-frequency load shedding implementation scheme at the new energy sending end, this paper proposes an under-frequency load shedding setting method for the new energy sending end system based on the improved IMQ-GWO algorithm. Firstly, considering the fluctuation of the trend of the line of the sending end system relative to the load curve of the whole network, the index system of the implementation scheme based on the under-frequency load shedding is established. Secondly, the objective function is established for the index system of the under-frequency load shedding scheme, and the under-frequency load shedding setting model is established considering the static constraints and transient constraints of the system. Then, the grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) is updated by using the characteristics of the IMQ function. At the same time, the individual position is adaptively updated based on the Sigmoid exponential function to better search and optimize the solution space of the problem. Finally, based on the modified IEEE39 node, the empirical analysis is carried out, and the improved IMQ-GWO algorithm proposed in this paper is used to solve the under-frequency load shedding setting model. It is proved that the proposed method is superior to other methods in terms of execution qualification rate, stability, and application timeliness.
Reliability analysis method of energy storage stations considering the correlation of battery clusters
Authors: Zhan Hua
Published: June 2024

In the context of dual carbon, in order to address the volatility of new energy output, energy storage power stations (ESPSs) are thriving. However, it is challenging to assess the dependability of ESPS operation because of the steady functioning of individual battery clusters (BCs), which will have an impact on how safely and steadily the power system is evaluated. Therefore, a reliability model for energy storage BC units based on the structural analysis of battery structure modules is constructed in this manuscript. Then, a method for constructing a correlation model of energy storage units based on the Copula function was proposed. Finally, a simulation analysis based on the ESPSs of pertinent demonstrative application projects in Fujian Province is used as an example to confirm the viability and efficacy of the proposed reliability analysis approach.
Analysis of frequency characteristics of power system with wind farm-energy storage coordinated inertial control
Authors: Liang Zhanhao , Yang Shuangfei , Zhou Yuebin , Zeng Jun , Liu Junfeng
Published: June 2024

With the increasing penetration level of wind power in the power system, the decoupling of wind turbine rotor speed and system frequency has led to the loss of the inertia of wind farms (WF), which can no longer be neglected. With the continuous development of energy storage (ES) technology, WF-ES coordinated inertial control has attracted attention as an effective means for wind turbines (WT) to participate in inertia response. How to build a WF-ES coordinated inertial control strategy and analyze system frequency characteristics has become a key research issue. In this paper, the frequency response model of a power system with WF-ES is established using the system frequency characteristic analysis method. The wind speed zones of the WF are taken into account, and different WF-ES control schemes are adopted under different wind speeds, aiming to ensure the active participation of WTs in the system frequency process across all wind speed conditions and effectively prevent frequency secondary drop. Finally, a power system frequency response simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink to analyze the frequency characteristics of the power system with WF-ES coordinated inertial control and verify the feasibility of the proposed WF-ES coordinated inertial control strategy under various wind speeds.
Thermal design calculation method of the whole coil closed cooling tower with condensation inside the tube
Authors: Jing Xuehui , Liu Yin , Yang Zepeng , Wang Zhiyun
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the heat exchange process of a closed cooling tower with condensation inside the tube is analyzed. Combined with the calculation method of a traditional closed cooling tower, the thermal model and mathematical model of the whole coil closed cooling tower with condensation inside the tube are established. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method is used to write a program to solve the differential equation. A case is calculated to solve the heat exchange area and spray water temperature. Its feasibility for design reference is verified.
Fault diagnosis study of ship solar photovoltaic power generation system
Authors: Ren Xinyue , Guo Yi , Gong Yiting
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a fault diagnosis method of ship photovoltaic (PV) power generation system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to ensure the smooth navigation of ships. Firstly, to understand the normal operation and fault state of the generation system, a simulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system is constructed using MATLAB / Simulink. Then, the model is simulated to extract the fault data under different fault conditions, and the eigenvalue extraction of the fault data is carried out by using the fast Fourier transform method. Following that, a fault diagnosis model is built using the convolutional neural network and trained accordingly. The final diagnostic results show that the established simulation model and convolutional neural network can provide support for the fault diagnosis of ship photovoltaic power generation system, and can autonomously detect the type of faults and locate the location of the faults after the faults occur in the generation system, to ensure the stable and safe operation of ship power generation system.
Research on method of identifying cable-releasing logic defects in wind turbines
Authors: Yang Yufan , Rong Xinhan , Zhang Yuyang
Published: June 2024

The yaw system of a wind turbine is one of the important components that ensures the normal operation of the turbine and has a significant impact on the power generation of the turbine. Currently, there is little research on the cable-releasing logic in the yaw system. This paper analyzes the possible logical defects in the cable-releasing system and examines the cable-releasing logic of the turbine by using a method based on its operational logic. By subdividing the turbine’s state using information such as power, wind speed, and yaw angle from operational data, abnormal cable-releasing events can be identified through logical filtering to detect whether there are logical defects in the turbine’s cable-releasing logic. The reliability of the method was verified by using examples from turbines that did have cable-releasing logic defects.
Grid control strategy of wind turbines based on LADRC voltage control
Authors: Li Wenbiao , Zhou Xiaolong , Meng Yanfeng , You Jie
Published: June 2024

Traditional grid-controlled wind turbines are required to rely on AC power grid operation, but when the power grid fluctuates, it will cause a series of oscillation instability problems in wind turbines, such as low-frequency oscillation, subsynchronous oscillation, etc. The safe and stable operation of the crisis power grid needs to be ensured. In this study, the virtual synchronous machine is supposed to be adopted as the main control strategy for grid-type control, transforming the traditional system into a more robust and reliable one. Additionally, a converter model of the grid-type control network is set up. By implementing grid-type control, voltage support and frequency support can be offered without relying solely on AC power grid operation. This approach effectively addresses issues caused by preventive such as reliance on wind turbines. The stability of the networked control system is dependent on maintaining stable system power. When there are fluctuations in system power, it impacts the stability of the networked control system. To mitigate these effects and enhance overall stability, this paper proposes using linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) based voltage and grid controls to suppress voltage fluctuations through linear active disturbance rejection techniques. The overall system performance is demonstrated through simulations conducted using Matlab/Simulink platform.
Study on the effect of PV tilt angle on power generation
Authors: Chen Qiuluan , Cai Zhen , Han YingZhi , Zhang Mian , Li BenXiong , Luo Linshiyi
Published: June 2024

The power generation of a photovoltaic (PV) system is significantly influenced by the tilt angle of the module. The system achieves the highest power efficiency when operated at the optimal tilt angle, which is typically considered in the design of system installation. In this study, the optimal tilt angle of photovoltaic (PV) modules is determined by using PVsyst software and analyzed through shadow simulation under specific boundary conditions. The study examines the power generation of photovoltaic (PV) panels at various inclination angles and illustrates the impact of inclination angle on PV panel power generation by using project-specific data. The study results indicate that the secondary optimization of the tilt angle by PVsyst, in conjunction with the geographic factors of a specific region in Hainan, reveals that the optimal installation tilt angle for maximum power generation benefit is 9°. This finding aligns with the best power generation and benefits from the actual installation, which is at 10° (adjacent to 9°). The conclusions drawn from the exploration emphasize the essential nature of EPC optimization for future projects, as it can serve as a valuable reference for the design of photovoltaic power generation systems.
Research on pinch analysis of union station a subsystem
Authors: Chen Guofu , Liu Daoqin , Wang Zhaoliang
Published: June 2024

To realize the cascade utilization of energy from the subsystem of Union Station A and improve the extraction of residual heat from sewage in the oilfield, this paper presents a process flow chart based on the Union Station A subsystem and analyses the energy flow of the entire Union Station A subsystem through the method of pinch analysis. In this study, we examine the energy flow distribution across the temperature spectrum within the system, identify the system’s energy consumption “bottleneck”, and optimize the system. The optimization findings reveal that the appropriate range for the pinch point temperature difference in the distributed energy system of the station is 8 to 14°C, with an associated energy-saving potential of 2.73%.
Multi time scale optimal dispatch of distribution network considering load demand response
Authors: Li Kaican , Kong Weina , Zhou Ke , Zhang Qiliang , Liu Xueqi
Published: June 2024

Considering the uncertainty of wind power output and load as well as the differences in the operating characteristics of various adjustable resources over different time scales, a multitime scale optimal dispatching model based on stochastic optimization and distributed robust optimization is designed for the distribution network. Firstly, the demand response of the user load side is divided into price-based load and incentive-based load, and price elasticity coefficients are introduced to describe it. Then, with the minimum operation cost of the distribution network, the loss cost, and the penalty cost of abandoned wind as the objective function, various active and reactive regulation elements as well as the system power flow formulas are taken as constraints. In the day-ahead and real-time stages, a stochastic optimization method based on scenarios and opportunity constraints is introduced. In the intraday stage, a self-regressive sliding window prediction model is used to predict wind power and load processing, and a Wasserstein distance-based prediction error uncertainty set is established to establish an intraday distributed robust rolling optimization model. The improved IEEE 33-node case is used for simulation verification, and the results show that the model can effectively reduce system costs and improve system operation stability.
A bird droppings flashover analysis method based on the combination of electric field distortion and spatial electric field distribution
Authors: Zhuang Wenbing , Zhang Xiaojun , Liu Wei , Lei Zeyang
Published: June 2024

To study the flashover of air gap caused by bird droppings shorting air gap and the influence of space electric field change on it, the distortion electric field simulation, space electric field simulation, and related flashover test of transmission line bird droppings falling process were carried out. By analyzing the specific influencing factors of bird droppings flashover fault, it is pointed out that the electric field distortion caused by bird droppings will affect the spatial electric field distribution around the insulator and thus affect the air gap flashover. This study analyzes the specific causes of bird dropping flashover of transmission line insulators, reduces the number of bird damage trips of transmission lines, reduces the cost of operation and maintenance of transmission lines, improves the intrinsic safety of transmission lines, and ensures the safe and reliable operation of power grids.