bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of guided reading-based village library services and its implementation
Authors: Yusup Pawit M , Damayani Ninis Agustini , Rachmawati Tine Silvana , Erwina Wina
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The role of village libraries as resource centers are not widely known by the community. The village libraries have varying weaknesses in aspects of a library. The problems are the lack of human resources; less library services and promotion; insufficient collection; inadequacy of library furniture and equipment; unstable internet network; and lack of local government support. This study was a pioneer in facilitating the reading service system to support implementation of reading materials. This system was developed by village libraries through guided reading techniques.Data Collection Method. This paper used Participatory Research Appraisal to guide the data collection process involving 15 participants.Analysis Data. The participants were rural people living in West Java, Indonesia. Additional data were obtained through direct observations in seven village libraries in West Java. Data from informants were compiled and categorized according to their comparative aspects. The result is sequential activity design in accordance with PRAResults and Discussions. The results showed that village libraries were not being recognized and utilized by members of the rural community.Conclusion. They expect that the entrepreneurship activities of reading efficient technology–based books are supported by actual business practices.
Imbricación social en el manejo de sistemas de riego tradicionales en el noroeste de México
Authors: Navarro Navarro Luis Alan
Published: November 2019

El objetivo del estudio es conocer la estructura que subyace en las relaciones que se establecen en el contexto del manejo del regadío en dos casos de sistemas de riego tradicionales en el estado de Sonora (México) y mostrar el grado en que estas relaciones de trabajo están inmersas en redes con diferente contenido social. El enfoque de imbricación social se aplicó utilizando la metodología del análisis de redes sociales. La evidencia empírica demostró que, en ambos casos, los sistemas de riego tradicionales estaban operados colectivamente por agricultores y ganaderos rurales, sin ayuda externa. Los hallazgos revelan cómo, a pesar de las diferentes trayectorias históricas de las comunidades rurales de los regantes, ambos colectivos convergen en la formación de una densa red de amistades, familiares y parentescos políticos. La imbricación social se sustentó a nivel relacional y estructural.
Cuando los niños se vuelven migrantes: Niñez detenida en México y dislocación del discurso de derechos humanos
Authors: Ortega Velázquez Elisa
Published: November 2019

Este artículo tiene por objetivo argumentar y fundamentar la dislocación del discurso de derechos humanos respecto a la niñez migrante detenida en México. Para fines de lo anterior, primero estudia teóricamente la dislocación del discurso de derechos humanos para las personas migrantes. Segundo, analiza la construcción del discurso de los derechos humanos de los niños migrantes a través de tres premisas: 1) los niños son sujetos de derecho y requieren que los Estados adopten medidas especiales para su protección debido a su edad; 2) todos los niños, todos los derechos; y 3) la detención de niños sólo puede ser usada como medida de último recurso y absolutamente excepcional. Tercero, aborda la dislocación normativa y práctica del discurso de derechos humanos de los niños migrantes en México. Y, cuarto, propone tres alternativas posibles –en materia legal, práctica y política– para articular el discurso de derechos humanos de los niños migrantes para que pueda ser usado para protegerlos y reivindicar sus derechos.
ANALYZING PODCAST APPLICATION TO IMPROVE LISTENING ABILITY
Authors: Agarid Widi Rafidah , Nurzahra Maulida
Published: November 2019

The aim of this research is to find out whether Podcast Applications (learning english-free english podcast listening application) that was released by the British Council, will help to improve listening ability. While listening to the episode, on screen will appear script that what student listen. It is make listeners to know what discussed in it. The purpose of the use of this application is that the student can improve listening ability with continuous listening and getting used to being in an English environment.This research is qualitative research with case study method. The research finding showed that podcast application could improve student ability. After heard the podcast, the students could understand, received and respond the speakers of the application.  It is indicates that the application is very useful for learning English especially in listening ability with an easier way and in accordance in this era.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GUESSING GAME IN TEACHING SPEAKING AT TENTH GRADE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Nuraen Nuraen , Karyati Karyati
Published: November 2019

Guessing game becomes an interesting technique which can be implemented by English teachers to teach speaking. Beside rising so much fun, guessing games is believed could increase the students’ speaking skill. The aim of this paper is to describe the implementation of guessing game which is utilized by the teacher to improve students’ speaking ability at tenth grade of Senior High School. The researchers presented the instruction of how to use guessing games in teaching speaking by teacher in the classroom. Guessing games is a game to guess a thing, person or place, the one of student or group mention the clues and other students as a guesser guess that thing, person or place. Guessing game can help teacher to hire students’ participation and students’ courage in teaching English. The researchers did the observation to collect the data and find out classroom activity. The result of the research is that the teacher implemented the technique in several steps starting from making group, setting the students to discuss, making them present in front of the class by giving clues, and making the other groups guess what the speaker meant. By doing this activity, the students could develop their skill of speaking in fun way. Keywords : Speaking, Guessing Games.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION AND THEIR LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Yanuarti Hilva , Rosmayanti Dian
Published: November 2019

Among the factor influencing students learning, motivation becomes one of the momentous factors that  may affect students learning achievement. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between students’ motivation and their learning achievement. The subject were 88 second year students at Science major class of an Islamic high school in Cimahi City in the second semester of the Academic year 2018. The research uses quantitative corelation as a method consisting of two variables, namely students motivation (independent) and students achievement (dependent). The writers uses questionnaire as an instrument to collect the data and the student English score from their English teacher. The data analyze use SPSS. Finding from this study indicate that there are any relationship between students motivation and their learning achievement. The relationship between students’ motivation and their English learning achievement was   significantly and has Medium Correlation. When the result showing 0.580 appropriate with Pearson Correlation degree Value 0.41 s/d 0.60 = Medium Correlation. Keywords:  Relationship, Motivation, Achievement
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY USING POSTER MEDIA FOR SECOND GRADE HEARING DISABLE AT SMALB
Authors: Sa'adah Iis Siti , Atikah Ani
Published: November 2019

The objective of the study is to improve vocabulary in children with special need. The researchers have chosen the object in the school because, the school has lack of learning media and teachers. This research used the "Poster" as a media, in addition the poster can make the students more interest to learn. The researchers using Poster media with a carton paper converted into a tree viewer and students are required to fill in a blank section of the tree shape based on a pre- existing question on the poster containing the Vocabulary subject Noun and Verb. Vocabulary with visuals so that they are easier to learn which tend to be limited by the ability they (deaf students) have. The researchers used Class room Action Research (CAR).The steps in action research (planning, action, observation, and reflection) are done in a cycle. This method is one of the active learning strategy by involving students to always study English learning especially The results of this research showed that the poster media can improve the vocabulary of the students and the students more interested to learn vocabulary.Keywords: Vocabulary Understanding, Deaf, poster Media
IMPROVING ENGLISH VOCABULARY MASTERY BY USING CROSSWORD PUZZLE
Authors: Sadiyah Wina Halimatus , Septiani Wina , Kareviati Evie
Published: November 2019

Vocabulary is important in English language. Because, to make a sentence an adequate vocabulary is needed. So, the researcher apply a method in the classroom which can make students motivated to learn vocabulary. The aim of the research is to know that the crossword puzzle is effective to improve students’ vocabulary or not through the use of crossword puzzles among seventh-grade students of MTs At-Taqwa Cihampelas in the academic year of 2018/2019. The method used in this research is quantitative technique and the pre-experimental research design conducted in one class. The population in this research is seventh-grade students of MTs At-Taqwa Cihampelas with the total number of the population are 104 students consisting of 3 classes, and the sample is class VII.A that consist of 30 students. The data is collected with the pretest and posttest as an instrument. The researcher conducted the tests before (pre-test) and after (post-test). After that the researcher give students a treatment consists of five meetings. The result show that the mean score of pre-test was 41.83, and the post-test was 75.67 after gives treatment uses crossword puzzle. It means that teaching English vocabulary using a crossword puzzle was effective media to improve students’ vocabulary at seventh-grade. Keywords:  crossword puzzle, students’ vocabulary mastery.
AN ANALYSIS OF ENDOPHORIC REFERENCE COHESION DEVICES IN MARK ZUCKERBERG BIOGRAPHY
Authors: Khalifah Melani Siti , Wibowo Juan Carlina , Rachmijati Cynantia
Published: November 2019

The aim of the research is to find out endophoric references in Mark Zuckerberg biography and the relationship between discourse analysis and pragmatic. The research used descriptive qualitative research design. The data obtained from Mark Zuckerberg biography written by the biography website. The data are analyzed using Halliday & Hasan’s theory (1976) of reference cohesion reference is one of the cohesive devices. The result shows that endophoric reference exists in Mark Zuckerberg biography endophoric. Endophoric consist of two types, the first is anaphoric and the second is cataphoric. In this research there are five type cohesive devices that are usually used in texts like substitution, references, ellipsis, lexical cohesion, and conjunctions. In the research found that cataphoric is dominant than anaphoric because the subject is located in the beginning of the sentences. Cohesive devices not only focused on lexical cohesion, but also focused on ellipsis and substitution and reference.
IMPROVING GRAMMAR SKILL USING EGRA TECHNIQUE FOR THE STUDENTS’ EIGHTH GRADE AT SMPN 5 CIMAHI
Authors: Kusumastuti Mayang , Pratiwi Mega , Husnussalam Hendra
Published: November 2019

Grammar is one part to improve four skills that we also known. To enhance grammar skill we have to prefer the accurately method as a way in studying grammar. The researcher was chosen Exposure, Generalization, Reinforcement, and Application (EGRA) technique as a method to teaching English grammar to students’ eigtht grade at SMPN 5 Cimahi. It was arranged with using pre-experimental method, peculiarly one-group pre-test post-test design. The technique showed that can develop grammar skill students’. The average score of the test result is 40,83 for the pre-test and 71,70 for the post-test. From the result, it can determine that EGRA technique can improve grammar skill students’. Besides that, EGRA technique can build a good team work in the classroom.
Beta-glucan content and antioxidant activities of mushroom-derived food supplements
Authors: Zrnic-Ciric Milica , Dabetic Nevena , Todorovic Vanja , Djuris Jelena , Vidovic Bojana
Published: November 2019

Due to the presence of numerous bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides and polyphenols, mushroom-based food supplements are claimed to have many beneficial health effects. Despite their popularity, concerns have been raised in recent years over the quality of mushroom products, particularly regarding their non-standardized chemical composition. In this study, the ?-glucan and total phenolic contents, as well as the antioxidant potential of mushroom-derived supplements available on the Serbian market were analyzed. The obtained results, revealing considerable differences in ?-glucan and total polyphenol contents among these products, reflect variations in mushroom species, forms and recommended dosing regimens. A correlation between the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was observed. The presence of other active ingredients, such as vitamin C, has contributed to antioxidant variability among the analyzed products. The obtained results indicate the need for the standardization of mushroom-derived food supplements to ensure their claiming effects.
Effect of helium-argon shielding gas in laser-metal inert-gas hybrid welded-brazed Al/steel dissimilar joint
Authors: Dai Wei , Yang Tao , Zhou Zengming , Huang Zhijie , Chen Hui
Published: November 2019

Laser-metal inert-gas welding hybrid welding was applied to dissimilar butt joining of 304 stainless steel and 6063 aluminum alloy using three different shielding gas: 100% argon, 25% helium + 75% argon, and 50% helium + 50% argon. The influence of helium–argon shielding gas on the weld appearance and interfacial intermetallics layer of Al/stainless steel welding-brazing joint was discussed. The addition of helium can shrink arc, suppress laser plasma, and increase the stability of the droplet transfer process. Helium could not change the composition of the interface layer, which consists of θ-Fe(Al, Si)3 layer and τ5-Al7.2Fe1.8Si layer in the top, middle, and bottom regions of the joints. However, the interfacial intermetallics layer becomes thinner and the morphology was more uniform as the helium content changed from 0% to 50%. By analyzing the tensile fracture, it was found that the thicker θ-Fe(Al, Si)3 easily caused the fracture at the interface layer when using 100% argon. The highest tensile strength and the best ductility can be obtained by using 50% helium + 50% argon compared with that of joints obtained with 100% argon and 25% helium + 75% argon. Compared with joints welded in the pure argon atmosphere, the strength and ductility of joints increased by 18.4% and 191%, respectively.
Teaching Solar System Topic through Predict-Observe-Explain-Apply (POEA) Strategy: A Path to Students’ Conceptual Change
Authors: Supriatna Ugi , Samsudin Achmad , Efendi Ridwan
Published: November 2019

The misconception of the Solar System topic is still found in students so that it becomes one of the obstacles in the learning process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of Predict-Observe-Explain-Apply (POEA) learning to change the junior high school students' conception in the Solar System topic. Quasi-experimental research with the non-equivalent control group design was conducted in one of the private junior high schools in Bandung city. Samples were selected based on the test of the average significance of the pretest score of the population. Furthermore, 30 students of the experimental class and 32 students of control class were selected. The research instrument, which consisted of 15 four-tier diagnostic test questions about Solar System were used to collect data before and after treatment. The tests were analyzed quantitatively by using the Mann-Whitney statistical test to determine the significance of the difference in the acceptable conception changes (Acceptable Change) of students in the experimental class with changes in the conception of students in the control class. The results of the research show that the implementation of POEA learning is significantly more effective than POE learning in changing the conception of Solar System topic. The findings of this study can be an alternative for junior high school teachers in planning learning about the Solar System, especially in an effort to change students' misconception about the Solar System.
Students Instrumental Motivation: An Investigating toward English Learning of Students in Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Kholid Idham , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: November 2019

This study attempts to explore the profile of instrumental motivation of Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Intan Lampung students; comparing instrumental motivation of students of English and non-English major. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative. The survey is conducted to 145 students of English major and 784 students of non-English major as a sample. Questionnaire and interview were employed to collect the data. Research result reveals that students of English major have higher instrumental motivation compared to the students of non-English major, especially related to their future expected job. Interestingly, this study found that differences in motivation between students of English and non-English major arise due to the students' differences orientation on their interest in English. Expecting to acquire a job requiring them to use English, students of English major were likely to possess a higher interest in learning the language. Conversely, students of non-English major do not think that they need English for their prospective job. Therefore, the students of non-English major tend to think that English doesn't support their future careers too much. The findings of this study indicate that for many UIN Raden Intan Lampung students, English is not considered as a useful instrument for their academic activities. The student perspective of English is still segmented.
The Influence of Job Satisfaction on the Performance of Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High School) Teachers
Authors: Mesiono Mesiono
Published: November 2019

The quality of education is strongly influenced by teacher performance. One factor that supports the improvement of teacher performance is job satisfaction. When job satisfaction is high, it will affect job performance and achieve goals optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of job satisfaction on teacher performance in the state Islamic Senior High School in Medan, Indonesia. The research method used is quantitative methods with a sample of 45 teachers taken from Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Medan. Data analysis was performed using a t-test with a significance level of 95 %. Based on the test result, it is obtained that tcount > ttable. This shows that there is a significant correlation between job satisfaction and teacher performance. Based on the analysis results, it is concluded that job satisfaction is one of the factors that increase teacher performance where the higher the job satisfaction, the better and the performance of the teachers. This study provides recommendations for educational policyholders to increasingly pay attention to the factors that can increase teacher job satisfaction in state Islamic High School public in particular or other educational institutions in general.
The Role of Counselors in the Development of Career Planning for Youth Inmates
Authors: Afdal Afdal , Elviana Elviana , Alizamar Alizamar
Published: November 2019

Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. During the course of developmental tasks, teenagers often fall into the negative direction that causes them to commit acts that violate the law so that sanctions in the form of criminal punishment. One of the developmental tasks traversed by teenagers is the task of selecting and planning future jobs/careers. However, the conditions faced by teenagers inside the Prison are very complicated. Lack of information about careers that can be inmates in their teens, this makes it difficult for them to make career planning in the future. This paper discusses the role of counselor in helping career planning for inmates in their teens.
The Effectiveness of Public Speaking Training with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Public Speaking Anxiety among both Gender
Authors: Lestari Anisa Indah , Noviekayati IGAA , Saragih Sahat
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of public speaking training with cognitive behavioral therapy towards public speaking anxiety. Another purpose was to examine the difference of this training effectiveness towards both genders, male and female. The training method is appropriate for applying cognitive behavioral approaches because this method aims to change cognition and to train certain behaviors for an individual to the adaptive and better behavior. The purposive sampling is used in this experimental research to obtain 20 samples including 10 males and 10 females sit in the third grade of a senior high class of TrubusIman Islamic Boarding School and have public speaking anxiety in the medium and high level.  The method used quantitative approach for analyzing data. It can be concluded that the training had been effectively minimizing public speaking anxiety but this research could not able show the difference of the training effectiveness among both genders.
Edad al primer servicio y al parto sobre producción láctea en primera lactación en vaquillonas lecheras
Authors: Hidalgo Bravo Gustavo Adolfo , Vera Rodríguez José Humberto
Published: November 2019

El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar relación de la edad al primer servicio y edad al primer parto sobre la producción láctea post parto en vaquillonas lecheras criadas en condiciones de clima subtropical. Se utilizaron 20 animales entre el cruce racial Holstein Frissian por Bronwn Swiss, empleando animales primíparas con peso corporal entre 480 a 540 kilos y una edad para primer servicio entre 17 y 32 meses y edad al parto entre 29 y 45 meses. Se recolectó información retrospectiva de tarjetas individuales por animal de información desde su nacimiento hasta terminar el parámetro producción leche durante los primeros 100 días posparto; se aplicó un análisis de coeficiente de correlación lineal, utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS. La edad al primer servicio y al parto no estuvieron correlacionadas con la producción láctea posparto, datos sujeto bajo una significancia estadística de (p>0.05) de error. Se concluye que la categoría promedio de edad al primer servicio es de 26.43 meses y edad al primer parto es de 36.96 meses con una producción láctea promedio de 1746.90 kilos de leche en vaquillonas lecheras criadas en condiciones subtropicales.
Diversity of Earthworms in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka
Authors: Okoye C.O. , Chiejina C.O. , Ezeorah C.C. , Okeke J.J. , Ezeonyejiaku C.D. , Okonkwo C.J.
Published: November 2019

Studies reveal that not up to 50% of earthworm species have been described in the world and the understanding of earthworm diversity is finite in most countries including Nigeria. The study was aimed at evaluating the diversity of earthworms and environmental factors affecting their abundance. Earthworms were collected from three (3) different sampling locations in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Descriptive statistics and estimation of species abundance, dominance and diversity were used to analyze the data obtained from the study. From the study, four (4) species of earthworms were identified and recorded from the three sampling locations. Eudrilus eugeniae (54.9%) was the most abundant species followed by Hyperidrilus africanus (20.3%), Libyodrilus violaceous (19.6%) and Alma millsoni (6.3%) with the least abundant species. The result of the diversity indices showed Science village (1.13) as the most diverse habitat followed by Emelda hostel (0.86) and Boys’ hostel (0.84) with the least diversity of species. Soil pH ranged from 2.25 to 4.06 and total organic matter ranged from 14.10 to 16.36%. Soil temperature was uniform with an average value of 27°C for the three sampling locations. The soil moisture content ranged from 11.19 to 14.12%. The conductivity recorded the lowest value (25.60μS/cm) in Emelda Hostel and highest value (111.8 μS/cm) in Science village. The study provided understanding into the patterns of earthworm populations in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka and the need for the conservation of earthworm diversity. Better understanding about habitat and living conditions of earthworms is required to provide suitable and enhanced production of vermicompost in different geographic conditions.
Screening for Bio-flocculant Producing Bacterial Strains from Asa River in Ilorin Kwara State
Authors: Kolawole O.M. , Yahaya T.D. , Lawal A.R. , Okunade O.A. , Famuwagun O.O. , Agboola S.O. , Karunwi A.E. , Tagbo V. , Okedina Y.S. , Adepegba T.R. , Diallo A.S. , Suleiman M.M. , Ogah I.J , Anibijuwon I.I. , Adegoke A.A.
Published: November 2019

Synthetic flocculants in water treatment have been reported to be detrimental to both human health and the environment. Thus, there is a constant search for bio-flocculants that is safe and addresses the effects of synthetic polymers. This study was aimed at isolating bacteria with bio-flocculating potential, their molecular identification and phylogenetic relatedness, and the optimization of their flocculating abilities from an open water (Asa River) in Ilorin Kwara State. The effect of carbon source (glucose, lactose and starch), cations (FeSO4, KCl and CaCl2) and pH (2 to 12) was evaluated on the bio-flocculating activities of the isolates using kaolin clay. The seven (7) novel (new strains) isolates with their respective accession number from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) after molecular confirmation are Pseudomonas otitidis MTK01 (MK263227), Aeromonas caviea MTK02 (MK263228), Providencia alcalifaciens MTK03 (MK263229), Providencia sp. MTK05 (MK263230), Alcaligenes sp. MTK06 (MK263231), Klebsiella pneumoniae MTK07 (MK263232) and Klebsiella sp. MTK08 (MK263233) while Raoultella ornithinolytica MTK04 was also identified. Phylogenetic tree of relatedness showed close kin of the isolates to established bacteria sequence deposited at the NCBI GenBank. Although the flocculating rate of each isolates varied with different parameters that was used in the study, glucose was the most supportive followed by lactose and starch, CaCl2 was most supportive cation followed by KCl and FeSO4 while pH 12, 6, 8, 10, 2 and 4 were the order of decreasing flocculating rate of the medium. This study has reported the presence of eight (8) bio-flocculating bacteria (out of which 7 are new strains of bacteria) in an open water which has been further optimized for effective flocculating rate and thus provides an ecofriendly and harmless flocculants source that can be employed in water treatment procedures.
Decision Making in Psychiatric Reform: A Case Study of the Czech Experience
Authors: Hudson Christopher G. , Dragomirecka Eva
Published: November 2019

This study examines the initial impact of a broadly participatory planning process in the Czech Republic during 2016–2017, aimed at both reducing inpatient care and expanding community mental health systems, on policy and programmatic decision making. A central focus of the study involves the trade-offs between and efforts to integrate shared decision making with evidence-based planning methods within the context of a national psychiatric reform strategy, particularly one involving a former Soviet bloc state.

Given the uniqueness of the Czech experience, an exploratory case study methodology is used, one involving ten interviews with key informants and examination of a wide variety of documents. Results include the development of broad new decision and oversight structures, and the initial implementation of community mental health services. The nation faces some of the same trade-offs found elsewhere, such as in the United States, between an inclusive participatory process, and one that systematically incorporates empirical rational and evidence and best practices within bounded parameters.

Implications for new psychiatric deinstitutionalization initiatives are identified, including development of a national mental health authority, a professional workforce, new funding strategies, multi-level service coordination, mechanisms to assure transparency, among others.
The fuzzy concept of collaborative governance: A systematic review of the state of the art
Authors: Batory Agnes , Svensson Sara
Published: November 2019

This article contributes to the consolidation and synthesis of scholarship on collaborative governance by expanding our knowledge of how the term is used in the academic literature and policy documents in a range of European countries. It adds value to the existing reviews of the field by conducting a systematic literature review on a corpus of over 700 article abstracts and a traditional literature review identifying five key analytical dimensions. The article also provides an exploratory analysis of grey literature hitherto outside the purview of researchers and considers the linguistic and cultural connotations that alter the meaning of the term when translated into new contexts in ten EU/EFTA countries. Findings indicate heterogeneity and fuzziness in the way the concept is used. The article argues that explicit positions with respect to five main analytical dimensions and taking into account the national connotations that the term carries across political systems would inject more clarity into the academic discourse. This, in turn, will help policymakers to make informed use of the concept, especially in multi-national policy-making arenas.
Bee Pollen Extracts as Potential Antioxidants and Inhibitors of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Enzymes In Vitro Assessment
Authors: Daudu Oluremi M.
Published: November 2019

The study was conducted to determine the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of bee pollen. The phenol content of extracts was 1.43, 2.04, 2.10 and 1.79 mg gallic acid g-1, respectively. Total flavonoid content was 0.78, 1.39, 0.86 and 0.79 mg gallic acid g-1 respectively. Bee pollen extracts have the potential to scavenge free radicals and lower blood glucose due to the presence of phenols and flavonoids. The aqueous-ethanol extract had the lowest IC50 for HRS and TAC, 0.53mg/mL and 0.25mg/mL respectively, which depicts that this extract alleviates the destructive effect of hydroxyl radicals. Methanol extract had the lowest IC50 0.21 mg/mL) for DPPH inhibition, hence it was able to scavenge the DPPH radicals. Ethanol extract had the lowest IC50 (0.04 mg/mL) for 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid inhibition, hence it can protect living cells from ABTS cations. The aqueous-ethanol extract displayed higher inhibition of α-amylase (4.51 mg/mL) while the aqueous extract exhibited a higher inhibition of α-glucosidase (0.60 mg/mL), which slows down the breakdown of disaccharides and reduces sugar buildup in the bloodstream. Bee pollen has potential antioxidative and antidiabetic activity.
Toxic Megacolon – the Complication of an Infection with Clostridium difficile after an Odontogenic Abscess. Case Presentation
Authors: Suciu Nicolae , Benedek Zalán , Sorlea Sorin , Coroș Marius Florin
Published: November 2019

Background:
Clostridium difficile (CD) is the major cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated infections, having as main manifestation diarrhea and life-threatening inflammation of the colon. Surgery may be necessary in up to 80% of patients due to the frequent complications associated with this condition. The mortality rate of this devastating disease could reach 50% even after proper treatment.

Case report: We report a case of a 24-year-old female who was admitted with clinical signs of an odontal inflammatory process. After repeated surgical treatments and antibiotic therapy, she presented acute abdominal pain on the 14th postoperative day. The explorative laparotomy was negative. Clostridium difficile was isolated from her stool, and she was transferred to the Department of Infectious Diseases. After a few days without any favorable clinical outcome, she was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), where she developed acute respiratory distress syndrome. Despite the immediate surgical intervention and ICU care, she died within 15 days after admission.

Conclusions: CD infection is considered a complication of antibiotic treatment, having as main cause the combination of fluoroquinolones with antisecretory drugs. In the first phase, the changes of the colon can be minimal with the manifestation of a false acute surgical abdomen, but toxic colon can develop in evolution, leading to multi-system organ failure and death.
Study of Electrical Properties of Bistable Smectic-A Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Maltisovs M. , Pikulins D.
Published: November 2019

Bistable smectic-A (SmA) liquid crystal display (LCD) is one of the most promising devices for smart glass applications due to long-term bistability, low haze at clear state, low transmittance at scatter state and low power consumption. The need of a good simulation model for an LCD becomes apparent during the design of driving system. Liquid crystal (LC) capacitance is critical in the simulation of LCD pixels and is voltage dependent due to the crystal characteristics. Bistable smectic-A LC capacitance model is introduced in the paper. The study describes the most relevant conclusions obtained from the measurements of electric properties of bistable SmA LCD samples and electric equivalent circuit characterization.
Noise Immunity of the Fibonacci Counter with the Fractal Decoder Device for Telecommunication Systems
Authors: Matsenko S. , Borysenko O. , Spolitis S. , Bobrovs V.
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the improved method of noise immune Fibonacci counting in the minimal form of representation. The method was tested and investigated in the developed noise immune pulse counter based on a minimal form of Fibonacci code with a fractal decoding device. The proposed device, which is simulated in the NI Multisim software, possesses a homogenous structure, increased noise immunity, performance and detection of bit errors in the process of its operation.
Bicycle Level of Service Model for the Cycloruta, Bogota, Colombia
Authors: Okon Inah Eteng , Moreno Carlos A.
Published: November 2019

Segment videos were produced at different peaks to reflect different sampling criteria like land use characteristics, trails, Ciclocarrils and Ciclovia. Each segment was filmed for 20–40 seconds during bicycle rides at a speed of about 5km/h with a camera strapped, at an angle of 45 degrees, on the head. Curb lane variables such as bicycle pathway widths, curb lane motorised volume (veh/h) and vehicle speed (km/h), bicycle volume on segment, and median width were recorded in addition to secondary data. About 1,360 ratings were acquired from study participants and used in the estimation process. Ordered probability models were used to estimate random parameters of cyclists LOS perception to account for unobserved heterogeneity for all respondents. The deviance (1.085) and Pearson Chi-Square (2.309) with 1,635 degree of freedom at 0.05 level of significance shows that our model provides a better fit of the data. The study observed that BLOS was strongly influenced by side path separation, vehicle speed, motorised traffic volume and conflicts with pedestrians. However, many other factors were found to have high probabilities to influence level of service with unit change. They include bicycle lane width, wide outside lane, pavement conditions, trees and benches, daylight, gender and experience of cyclist. The impact of the variety of observed factors affecting bicyclists reveal the nature and character of urban transportation in Bogota which suggests a range of important trade-offs in further planning and management of the Cicloruta bicycle paths.
Assessment of Traffic Noise Pollution Due to Urban Residential Road Transport
Authors: Lezhneva Elena , Vakulenko Katerina , Galkin Andrii
Published: November 2019

The problem of combating urban noise is closely linked to the rational transformation of the urban environment, which must go through the elimination or reduction of the number of sources of noise, the localization of the noise emission zone, reducing the level of sound sources and protection against noise for the residential areas. Theoretical and experimental studies of acoustic loading on the territory along the highway for the typical section of the urban territory have been conducted. To estimate the complex noise impact from all sources and from individual sources, as well as to predict the total noise exposure for this site, a noise map was constructed using software. As a measure to combat traffic noise in the territory along the highway, the location of the noise protection screen was justified, taking into account the loss of part of the national income as a result of the continuous impact of noise on a person.The results of the research allow to assess the degree of technogenic impact of noise pollution during the operation of the highway, which allows regulating, by administrative and legislative methods, the nature of the impact on natural objects and human health of certain types of activities, as well as reasonably proposing measures that ensure environmental safety when organizing urban streets traffic.
Pharmacy led medications reconciliation: systematic review
Authors: Aljamal Mohammed , Alrowil Amjad
Published: November 2019

Background: Obtaining the accurate medication history of patients is essential for their safety. Medication discrepancies are common to occur. The study aimed to investigate the pharmacist-led medication reconciliation programs at hospitals. Methodology: Online search using PubMed and Google scholar databases was performed to search for the articles related to the current subject. The searching process involved using several keywords to obtain all relevant articles. Results: Out of 42 articles, we included seven articles as they met our inclusion criteria. The articles were summarized according to main points: author and publication years, type of study, the aim of the study, patients, setting, results, and main findings. Conclusion: The medication reconciliation program led by pharmacists resulted in a reduction in medication discrepancy, which helped to improve the patient safety.
The psychosocial consequences of road traffic accidents: a review article
Authors: Almutairi Noura , Altamimi Mohammed
Published: November 2019

A road traffic accident (RTA) is one of the main causes of injuries where the number of casualties reaches 10 million every year, and 1.25 million people die annually. An RTA can lead to physical and psychosocial outcomes that can disable the victims. The psychosocial consequences are as important as the physical consequences can affect the recovery process and have a long-term effect. RTA victims reported an impact on familial, social life, and mental health. The current review looks into the psychosocial consequences of an RTA, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, work disability, financial problems, or relationship problems, which are devastating and have a variant and substantial impact at the individual, family, and social level.
INTENSIFIKASI PENGETAHUAN PAJAK PADA RELAWAN PAJAK
Authors: Faisol Moh , Andini Isnani Yuli
Published: November 2019

Reformasi di bidang perpajakan telah banyak dilakukan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak, namun tidak sepenuhnya merubah kondisi masyarakat untuk sadar dan taat dalam memenuhi kewajiban perpajakan. Tingkat kepatuhan masyarakat masih rendah, sehingga penerimaan dari sektor pajak juga masih berlum sesuai harapan. Terobosan baru yang dilakukan oleh Dirjen Pajak adalah membentuk Tax Center dan merekrut Relawan Pajak untuk turut serta dalam mengajak dan membantu masyarakat untuk memenuhi kewajibannya, khususnya melapor pajak. Relawan Pajak tersebut belum memiliki kemampuan kerelawanan dan perpajakan yang mumpuni, sehingga butuh intensifikasi pengetahuan yang mumpuni supaya tugas relawan pajak benar-benar tepat sasaran. Intensifikasi Pengetahuan perpajakan kepada 14 orang Relawan Pajak di Tax Center Universitas Wiraraja akan dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan dengan rangkaian kegiatan, antara lain adalah sosialisasi, penyusunan modul relawan pajak, penyiapan sarana dan prasarana, pelatihan relawan pajak, kegiatan kerelawan, dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan relawan pajak sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Hasil ini diperoleh dari penyebaran angket sebanyak 30 pernyataan dengan hasil rata nilai pengetahuan relawan pajak sebelum pelatihan sebesar 3,51 sedangkan setelah mengikuti pelatihan sebesar 4,28.
DESIGNING ROUTE DISTRIBUTION USING TWO PHASE TABU SEARCH ON HETEROGENOUS FLEET VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM WITH TIME WINDOW IN PT. XYZ TO MINIMIZE TRAVEL DISTANCE
Authors: Brilliane Citra Septi , Ridwan Ari Yanuar , Aurachman Rio
Published: November 2019

PT. XYZ is a pasteurization milk processing company that produce milk drink from pure cow milk. PT. XYZ don’t sell their product directly to end user, instead they distribute their product to many companies which serve milk for their employees or operators in lunch time. So, their customer is mostly a manufacture company from various kinds of industry. They have about 40 customers and most of them are outside Bandung. However, the delivery may not be done as planned. The average on time delivery is around 96%. it is below PT. XYZ target which is 98%. The impact of the delay itself is vary between customers. Because when delay occur, each customer has their own regulation that has been settled in agreement contract. Based on the delay recapitulation above, there are several factors that caused this problem. Delay in departure is the most influential factors. It is because PT. XYZ don’t have fixed schedule of delivery and they miscalculate the departure time because of improper route determination that also leads to longer travel time. This case is categorized as Vehicle Routing Problem with Heterogeneous Fleet and Time Window (VRPHFTW) that will be solved using one of meta-heuristics algorithm which is Two Phase Tabu Search Algorithm to minimize travel distance. In the end, the travel distance can be minimized 19.48%.
Benchmark of Simplified Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for UV-Vis Spectral Properties of Porphyrinoids
Authors: Batra Kamal , Zahn Stefan , Heine Thomas
Published: November 2019

We thoroughly benchmark time-dependent density- functional theory for the predictive calculation of UV/Vis spectra of porphyrin derivatives. With the aim to provide an approach that is computationally feasible for large-scale applications such as biological systems or molecular framework materials, albeit performing with high accuracy for the Q-bands, we compare the results given by various computational protocols, including basis sets, density-functionals (including gradient corrected local functionals, hybrids, double hybrids and range-separated functionals), and various variants of time-dependent density-functional theory, including the simplified Tamm-Dancoff approximation. An excellent choice for these calculations is the range-separated functional CAM-B3LYP in combination with the simplified Tamm-Dancoff approximation and a basis set of double-ζ quality def2-SVP (mean absolute error [MAE] of ~0.05 eV). This is not surpassed by more expensive approaches, not even by double hybrid functionals, and solely systematic excitation energy scaling slightly improves the results (MAE ~0.04 eV).
Prediction of maternal diabetes and adverse neonatal outcome in normotensive pregnancy using serum uric acid
Authors: Shaymaa Kadhim Jasim  , Hayder Al-Momen  , Afraa Mahjoob Al-Naddawi
Published: November 2019

Diabetes mellitus, with adverse neonatal events are challenging issues to all obstetricians and pediatricians, where uric acid could play a vital role. We aimed to assess the relationship and prognostic benefits of serum uric acid measured at about 20 weeks’ gestation in normotensive pregnancy, with subsequent maternal diabetes, and neonatal complications. All singleton normotensive pregnant women with normal blood glucose, serum creatinine, and weight before pregnancy, whom attended Medical City Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Baghdad, were involved and regarded as the case group, on the condition that their serum uric acid measured at 20 weeks’ gestation > 3 mg/dl, but if ≤ 3 mg/dl, they would be registered as a control group. A complete follow up was performed regularly during pregnancy, and after delivery; regular assessments of maternal blood glucose were done up to one year. Maternal diabetes mellitus (DM), small for gestational age (SGA) neonates, and preterm delivery (PD) constituted (27.59%), (43.60%), and (1.97%), respectively in case group which had significantly included maternal DM and SGA (P <0.001). Also, elevated mid-pregnancy serum uric acid was strongly associated (P <0.0001) with maternal DM (5.86 ± 0.69) and SGA (4.78 ± 0.34). Cut-off values of uric acid of 4.76 mg/dl were best associated with maternal DM, while 4.33 mg/dl with SGA. In conclusion, the cut-off points of 4.76 and 4.33 mg/dl of maternal mid- normotensive pregnancy serum uric acid have the potential ability to predict Maternal DM and SGA, respectively.
Effect of an oat extract on oxidizing Stress and antioxidant defense in male rats with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Haidar Alsaedi  , Reem abdul Raheem Mirdan alsaad  , Huda Raheem Hashim
Published: November 2019

The strong n-butanol extract of oats (Avena sativa) seed was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats to improve lipid peroxidation and inhibitor standing. Four teams, NDM, and three diabetic teams were allocated thirty-two male rats. Diabetes  was caused by injection- streptozotocin (60 mg / kg B.w., i.p. Two hundred mg/deal of blood sugar rodents was used as a diabetic. Diabetes groups (G2, G3, and G4) were trained to extract n-butanol (60 mg / metric unit weight, B.w.) or twenty-one days of endocrine injection (4 IU / animal). Weight gain was reported on the 22nd day. Fluids were collected for knockout cells to judge glucose concentrations and subcellular of aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, catalase, biochemical dismutase (SOD), glutathione - transferase, reductase, malondialdehyde and glutathione reductase (Gr) concentrations. Diabetes rat (G2) showed a significant increase in glucose. The weight gain increased in the ALT, SOD, CAT, GSH-transferase But there decreased GSH enzyme and old AST. Treatment of N-butanol extract from oats (G3) or endocrine (G4) varied between old glucose, weight gain and normalization of all supermolecule inhibitors. Finally, n- Butanol from oatmeal has a strong role in lowering hyperglycemia and as an antioxidant
思维导图在初中英语教学中的应用初探
Authors: 陶 雪清
Published: November 2019

本文主要论述了思维导图在英语教学中的应用研究，阐述了如何利用思维导图教学生记单词、教学生学语法、复习语法、预习语法；思维导图教学生整体把握文章内容及利用思维导图教学生写作文，具有可行的操作性，收到了良好的效果。
民族化视野下的语文教育
Authors: 金 宁
Published: November 2019

自上世纪八十年代语文教育教育民族化的口号被提出以来，大批的一线优秀教师，教研员，学者对其进行了无数的构想与尝试，在一线的语文教学回归传统，走民族化的趋势日益凸显。
浅谈互联网环境下的课堂教学面临的挑战
Authors: 吴 晓红
Published: November 2019

童世骏教授说过，“Informing、Impressing、Inspring 是好教师的三重境界。”表面看上去达到这三重境界似乎容易但实际上是很难的。科技飞速发展的今天我们似乎更容易达到这个要求，但是频频出现的关于高校课堂上学生玩手机、睡觉等现象，无意间令教师不得不思考一个问题，那就是我们的教学方法是否适应时代和学生的特点。本文从三个方面简单分析了课堂上出现“低头族”的原因，希望能够对青年教师课堂教学的改善有所借鉴。
管好自我情绪 让教育生活充满阳光——教师自我情绪管理方法探究
Authors: 尉 风梅 , 崔 丽萍
Published: November 2019

一个人情绪管理能力的提升过程，就是一个人心灵成长自我完善与自我发展的过程。教师心理健康，情绪稳定，教室里便会撒满阳光。经调查 75% 以上的老师面对教师这份工作有压力感，直接或间接导致产生消极情绪，影响身心健康。本文在关注教师心理健康问题的基础上，本着提升教师情绪管理能力，提高教师心理健康程度的原则。探究教师情绪压力的成因，影响以及提升自我情绪管理能力的方式与方法。