bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Libertad de elección de Ley aplicable al contrato internacional en el Derecho internacional privado colombiano
Authors: Oviedo Albán Jorge
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo analiza la libertad de elección de ley aplicable al contrato internacional en el Derecho Internacional Privado colombiano. En la primera parte, se hace referencia a las diferentes tesis existentes en la doctrina en relación con la interpretación de las normas contenidas en el Código Civil y en el Código de Comercio. Posteriormente, se identifican las decisiones judiciales que han interpretado las reglas de Derecho Internacional Privado colombianas concluyendo que es posible escoger la ley que regulará el contrato internacional. En un segundo y tercer punto se describen las reglas sobre arbitraje internacional y sobre compraventa internacional de mercaderías, para concluir que existe un sistema juridico en Colombia favorable a la libertad de elección de ley aplicable al contrato internacional.
Anti-arbitration injunctions en el Derecho inglés
Authors: Pérez Font Javier
Published: November 2024

En las jurisdicciones common law existe la facultad de adoptar medidas destinadas a instar a una persona a que desista del inicio o continuación de un procedimiento arbitral abusivo. Dada su compleja relación con el principio kompetenz-komptenz y el principio de mínima intervención, los tribunales ingleses han delimitado jurisprudencialmente una serie de situaciones en que cabe dicha adopción, las cuales, según la reciente sentencia del caso Sodzawiczny, se pueden agrupar en tres categorías básicas.
Reflexiones en torno a la jurisprudencia del TJUE sobre la acción indemnizatoria del art. 82 RGPD (asuntos C-300/21; C-340/21; C-456/22; C-667/21; C-687/21; C-741/21)
Authors: Santos Morón María José
Published: November 2024

El propósito de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto las interrogantes que suscita la reciente jurisprudencia del TJUE en torno el art. 82 RGPD. Aunque teóricamente las sentencias analizadas vienen a “aclarar” el sentido de dicho precepto, en algunos aspectos resultan poco esclarecedoras, bien arrojando nuevas dudas, bien realizando planteamientos confusos en torno a elementos claves de la responsabilidad.
The European consumer
Authors: Ungureanu Carmen Tamara
Published: November 2024

European consumers enjoy protection, if they are natural persons who act outside professional purposes and have as counterparts professionals (traders). Applying the test of the three conditions, it is possible that consumers who do not need protection to fall within the scope of the consumer protection laws. This is the reason why we are wondering about the “identity” of the European consumer.To elucidate the issue we will use a few questions, which, in a logical sequence, would be asked by any jurist more or less familiar with the matter of EU consumer protection. First, why do consumers need protection? Are they vulnerable? How are consumers protected and “identified” in cross-border contracts? Does the irrebuttable presumption of consumer vulnerability generate fair judgments?We will conclude by pointing out that EU consumer protection has reached a critical moment, when the irrebuttable presumption of consumer vulnerability generates exaggerations and, possibly, imbalances. Protective laws are used as a shield by consumers who do not actually need them, which produce results that are contrary to the purpose for which they were designed .
¿Existen remedios contractuales para obtener el resarcimiento del daño moral derivado del incumplimiento del contrato?
Authors: Yzquierdo Tolsada Mariano
Published: November 2024

Se plantea la conveniencia de que exista en el régimen general del Derecho de contratos un reconocimiento expreso del daño moral derivado del incumplimiento del contrato. Cuando un daño tiene lugar como consecuencia del incumplimiento de una obligación estipulada en el contrato, o al menos tiene su encaje en las obligaciones que, aunque nada se haya dicho expresamente en el contrato, forman también parte de él, no debería haber necesidad de escapar de la órbita contractual para encontrar la respuesta por la vía extracontractual. Un contrato obliga al cumplimiento de lo expresamente pactado, pero también a todas las consecuencias que, según su naturaleza, sean conformes a la buena fe, al uso y a la ley. Semejante daño moral solo será extracontractual si no fuera posible situarlo en la esfera de los bienes que fueron tenidos en cuenta al celebrar el contrato o debieron serlo.
THE CONCEPT ILLAT OF USURY ON MONEY FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF THE FOUR MADZHAB AND CONTEMPORARY ULAMA
Authors: Anam Hoirul , Fauzi Ahmad , Nurohman Dede
Published: November 2024

The concept of usury in money is still unclear when it has not been studied, apart from the differences in the opinions of the four madhhab priests regarding usury, this is also caused by the limitations of our minds to capture the wisdom and lessons revealed by Allah SWT, as well as the increasingly modern era which demands new problems. which cannot be completely resolved, therefore it has become a taboo subject since ancient times until today. This paper contains taboos to be explained more clearly. This study uses a literature approach using the literature study method based on primary material, namely the book of al-fiqh al-Islami which is motivated by problems that exist in society. With the results of the study showing that the law of usury applies to money today, because there is a legal illat similar to gold and silver (Nuqud). And with this research, it is hoped that it can add to the body of knowledge in Islamic economics.
Co single atoms/nanoparticles over carbon nanotubes for synergistic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid
Authors: Yi Chengfeng , Liu Zhigang
Published: November 2024

The preparation of high-value 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from biomass-based platform compound 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important synthetic reaction, as the resulting FDCA holds promise to replace terephthalic acid to produce environmentally friendly polyester materials. However, due to the complex tandem nature of the oxidation of HMF to FDCA, which involves several stable intermediates, efficient conversion of HMF and achieving a high FDCA yield remain challenging. Herein, a catalyst of Co SAs/NPs@N-CNTs comprising Co single atoms (Co SAs) alongside Co nanoparticles (Co NPs) supported on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was synthesized. Co SAs/NPs@N-CNTs exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of HMF to FDCA, achieving 100% HMF conversion and 94.2% FDCA yield. This remarkable performance was attributed to the synergistic effect between Co SAs and Co NPs. Poisoning and acid treatment experiments indicated that Co SAs served as the active sites, while Co NPs did not directly act as active sites. Instead, Co NPs merely assisted the Co SAs on the sidelines, facilitating the efficient conversion of HMF into various intermediates and promoting the further conversion of these intermediates into FDCA, thereby achieving high FDCA productivity. This strategy offers new insights for designing efficient catalysts for complex tandem reactions.
First, do no harm: the role of preclinical animal models in predicting adverse events in gene therapy clinical trials for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and X-Linked myotubular myopathy
Authors: Kornegay Joe N. , Stedman Hansell H. , Lawlor Michael W. , Byrne Barry J. , Childers Martin K. (Casey)
Published: November 2024

The occurrence of severe adverse events (SAEs) in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), and other neuromuscular diseases treated with adeno-associated virus (AAV) constructs has prompted studies to improve the safety and efficacy of gene therapy. Physicians have weighed the medical tenet of “first, do no harm” against the perspective of patients with progressive life-threatening conditions who may accept greater risk. Regarding SAE pathogenesis, discussion has focused on total AAV exposure and patient mutations more likely to induce immunity, while stressing the limitations of animal models in predicting adverse events. Therapeutic strategies for reducing side effects have employed more myotropic AAV serotypes and efficient transgenes. Other recommendations include excluding certain DMD gene mutations associated with SAEs and substituting less immunogenic transgenes such as utrophin (DMD) and myotubularin-related protein (XLMTM). For the sake of preclinical studies, emphasis has been placed on outbred rodents and larger animals that better predict immunity. Here, the absence of side effects in canine DMD and XLMTM models might be explained partly by phenotypic differences between affected humans and dogs. Specifically, dystrophin- and myotubularin-deficient dogs exhibit milder lesions, including less muscle fat deposition and the absence of hepatopathy, respectively, which could lead to reduced immune responses to AAV constructs. To better predict future problems, thought should be given to tracking early subclinical markers of the innate immune response, especially complement activation. Regardless of steps taken to improve the predictive value of animal models for SAEs, some questions will only be answered through human clinical trials after carefully considering the risk-benefit ratio.
Mapping the Kazakhstani STEM Education Landscape: A Review of National Research
Authors: Zhumabay Nurman , Varis Sotiria , Abylkassymova Alma , Balta Nuri , Bakytkazy Tannur , Bowen G. Michael
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to map the current status of STEM education in Kazakhstan. The study encompasses 24 studies selected through a literature search in Google Scholar, ERIC, Web of Science, and Scopus. The descriptive characteristics of the reviewed studies reveal a significant increase in STEM education publications in Kazakhstan since 2019, indicating a growing emphasis on this field. The reviewed studies, spanning the years 2019 to 2023, included diverse formats such as journal articles, conference proceedings, book chapters, theses, and review articles. Notably, the reviewed studies involved participants from both K-12 and university levels, with a particular focus on female students in some studies. The thematically organized findings of the reviewed studies highlighted challenges faced by STEM education in Kazakhstan, including students’ perceptions about STEM subjects and careers, school environment and educational culture, and societal and gendered expectations. Creating interactive learning environments, addressing biases, dismantling gender stereotypes, and challenging traditional norms were identified as crucial steps to encourage the participation of young women in STEM disciplines. This study contributes to understanding STEM education in Kazakhstan and provides a foundation for future cross-country comparisons, emphasizing the necessity for adaptable approaches in designing and evaluating STEM initiatives in evolving educational contexts.
The Effects of Binaural Audio On Static and Dynamic Balance
Authors: Çulhaoğlu Belde , Baylan Kübra
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of virtual binaural audio on static and dynamic balance in healthy young adults.
Materials and Methods: Forty-eight healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 65 participated in this study. Data were collected using a descriptive information form, the Berg Balance Scale, the Flamingo Balance Test, and the Y Balance Test (YBT). Both the Flamingo Balance Test and YBT were applied to all participants in the absence and presence of binaural audio.
Results: The Flamingo Balance Test results of the participants in the presence of sound were found to be significantly better than those in the absence of sound. Their YBT results were also significantly improved in the presence of sound.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that binaural audio may change the static and dynamic balance in healthy young adults.
Nurses’ Awareness of Key Pregnancy Danger Signs and Management Strategies
Authors: Sabty Haila Malik
Published: November 2024

Maternal mortality remains a critical global health challenge, necessitating enhanced awareness of pregnancy danger signs among healthcare providers. Nurses, as primary healthcare providers, play a pivotal role in managing obstetric emergencies; thus, their preparedness is essential for improving maternal outcomes. Despite the significance of their role, there is limited understanding of nurses' knowledge regarding the management of danger signs during pregnancy, particularly in the Al-Basrah region. This study aimed to evaluate nurses' knowledge about managing pregnancy danger signs and explore correlations with demographic factors. Conducted at Al-Basrah Maternity and Children Hospital from December 31, 2023, to March 24, 2024, the study included 50 nurses. Findings revealed that nurses exhibited moderate knowledge (68%) about danger sign management, with significant correlations identified between knowledge and demographic factors such as age, education, and years of experience. However, residency showed no statistical significance. This research highlights specific deficiencies in nurses' knowledge regarding critical pregnancy complications and underscores the need for targeted educational interventions. The study suggests implementing comprehensive training programs to improve nurses' capabilities in recognizing and managing pregnancy danger signs, ultimately contributing to better maternal health outcomes in the region.
Ethnographic Study: The Choice of Place and Birth Attendants from the Socio-Cultural Perspective in the Tunjung Benuaq Dayak Tribe
Authors: Oktaviana Lydia , Prasetyo Budi , Izzati Dwi , Djuari Lilik
Published: November 2024

WHO recommends Skill Birth Attendants (SBA) for all births. Around 50 million mothers in developing countries give birth at home without the help of medical personnel. The trust in traditional birth attendants (TBA), meaning that social and cultural influences still strongest. Objective: to analyze the choice of place and birth attendants in the Tunjung Benuaq Dayak Tribe through a socio-cultural perspective in the working area of the Barong Tongkok Community Health Center. Methodology: Qualitative Design with Ethnographic study using the Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Procedure (REAP) method. Snowball sampling is a variation of Purposive Sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 informants. Data analysis uses Thematic analysis. Results: The Tunjung Benuaq Dayak tribe upholds the values of balance and harmonization regarding human relationships with God, human and the environment. They developed local cultures based on complementary belief systems. There is a positive acceptance of science. The local wisdom of Santaap, eating a small portion of the food served, illustrates that they can accept little of knowledge. Customs are still maintained in the birthing process which is carried out by village shamans who are highly trusted by the community. They make the rituals, belief in myths (tempuunt), the existence of spirits who guard and interfere with the birthing process. Conclusion: Socio-cultural values such as trust, knowledge, and customs are very strong guidelines for the Tunjung Benuaq Dayak tribe in choosing a place and birth attendant. Suggestion: preservation of culture and customs that are still considered good in childbirth practices is highly desirable.
Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices on Influenza Vaccination for Pregnant Women
Authors: Sabty Haila Malik , Dawood Sundus Baqer , Tiryag Ali Malik
Published: November 2024

Influenza poses significant health risks to pregnant women, leading to increased morbidity and mortality rates compared to the general population. Despite the proven efficacy of the influenza vaccine in mitigating these risks, vaccination rates among pregnant women remain suboptimal. This study examines nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding influenza vaccination for pregnant women within the AL-Zubair primary health sector in Basrah, Iraq, addressing the gap in understanding healthcare providers' roles in promoting vaccination. Prior research has highlighted the need for enhanced education and communication strategies among healthcare workers to improve vaccination uptake, yet specific data on nurses' knowledge in this context are limited. The study aims to assess nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding influenza vaccination for pregnant women. Among the 88 surveyed nurses, a majority demonstrated adequate knowledge and favorable attitudes towards vaccination, with significant gaps in awareness regarding the consequences of influenza for newborns. Notably, 51.1% acknowledged the vaccine's utility in protecting pregnant women. This research provides crucial insights into the educational needs of nurses, which are essential for fostering effective patient education strategies. The findings underscore the importance of targeted educational interventions to enhance nurses' understanding of influenza vaccination, ultimately aiming to improve vaccination rates among pregnant women and reduce associated health risks.
Massage Therapy In One Year Old Babies with Increased Appetie
Authors: Yulisetiyaningsih Fera , Isro'aini Any
Published: November 2024

Massage often referred to as tactile stimulation, is a long-practiced art of health care and medicine. Baby massage can enhance the release of digestive hormones such as insulin and gastrin, leading to improved food absorption. This may result in the baby feeling hungry more frequently, potentially contributing to weight gain. Prolonged eating difficulties in children can lead to disrupted nutritional intake, including deficiencies in calories, protein, vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, and anemia. The study used a retrospective data analysis design with a chi-square test, involving a sample of 20 babies who received 12 massage sessions at Momby Kids Jombang. The total sampling method was employed. The findings revealed a significance value of 0.003, indicating a statistically significant relationship between baby massage and increased appetite. The study concluded that baby massage is indeed linked to an increase in appetite in babies.
Some molecular aspects of larval development in Paralithodes camtschaticus
Authors: Boyko Alexey V. , Dolmatov Igor Yu. , Girich Alexander S. , Maslennikov Sergey I.
Published: November 2024

The transcriptome of the red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus, was sequenced at four developmental stages: zoea I, zoea IV, glaucothoe, and juveniles. Based on our RNA-seq data and paired-end reads from 112 libraries obtained by other researchers earlier, the transcriptome assembly for P. camtschaticus that we obtained has proven to be the most complete of those reported to date. An analysis of enriched processes at different stages has shown, that some of adaptations, e.g., to elevated temperature and hypoxia, do not appear in early larvae. Thus, it is important to maintain optimal conditions for normal larval development and reduce mortality rates. According to the results of the expression profile clustering and transcription factor (TF) search, most TFs are associated with the development of various organs, metamorphosis, and immune responses. The data obtained provide an additional basis for deeper investigation into the mechanisms of the biphasic life cycle in decapods and can be helful in commercial red king crab stock enhancement programs.
Study on the Methods and Mechanisms for Suppressing Porosity in Narrow Gap Oscillating Laser Wire-Fill Horizontal Welding
Authors: Wu Zhen Dong , Wang Shi Yang , Huang Rui Sheng , Qin Jian , Sun Yuan , You Jun Hua , Han Peng Bo , Cao Hao
Published: November 2024

To address the research gap regarding the control of pore defects in narrow gap laser welded wire, this paper employs a combination of experimental analysis and finite element analysis to study the methods for suppressing pores and their related mechanisms in narrow gap laser welded wire. The research results indicate that increasing oscillation frequency in circular mode suppresses porosity. With a constant fill cross-sectional area, suppression is effective only above a certain threshold frequency, which increases with fill cross-sectional area, the relationship as follows: 9mm²-200Hz; 10.5mm²-250Hz; 12mm²-300Hz; 13.5mm²-350Hz. Mechanistically, a higher oscillation frequency transforms the keyhole shape from conical to bowl-shaped, enhancing stability and reducing bubble formation. Additionally, porosity is avoided when the aspect ratio is below the control threshold of 1.13.
Targeting Mevalonate Pathway Enhances the efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil by regulating pyroptosis
Authors: Xing Zongrui , Ma Yong , Jiang Xiangyan , Qing Huiguo , Wu Yuxia , Che Shengfu , Gao Zhongti , Wang Keshen , Wang Tao , He Qichen , Li Zhigang , Zhao Bin , Liu Wenbo , Sun Haonan , Yu Zeyuan
Published: November 2024

The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy regimen is a primary strategy for treating pancreatic cancer (PC).However, challenges related to 5-FU resistance persist. Investigating the mechanisms of 5-FU resistance and identifying a clinically viable therapeutic strategy are crucial for improving the prognosis of PC. Here, through clinical samples analysis, we found that the expression of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR),the rate-limiting enzyme in mevalonate metabolism, is negatively correlated with the efficacy of 5-FU treatment. There is a significant correlation between HMGCR and the pyroptosis marker Gasdermin D (GSDMD),and the HMGCR inhibitor simvastatin can significantly inhibit the activation of pyroptosis signaling. The exogenous addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP),a key metabolite of the mevalonate pathway, can significantly reduce sensitivity to 5-FU,and simvastatin combined with 5-FU demonstrates a strong synergistic effect. Furthermore, in organoid models and genetically engineered mice with spontaneous PC, the combination of simvastatin and 5-FU significantly inhibits tumor growth. In conclusion, our study reveals the critical role of the mevalonate pathway in 5-FU resistance and proposes a clinically feasible combination therapy strategy.
In Situ Size Amplification Strategy Suppresses Lymphatic Clearance for Enhanced Arthritis Therapy
Authors: Qin Xianyan , Zhang Luhan , Miao Yang-Bao , Jiang Linxi , Zou Liang , Wang Qin , Shi Yi
Published: November 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition causing painful swelling and inflammation due to immune system attacks on healthy cells. However, arthritic sites often experience increased lymph flow, hastening drug clearance and potentially reducing treatment effectiveness. To address this challenge, an in situ size amplification has been proposed to inhibit lymphatic clearance and thereby enhance arthritis therapy. This system has been developed based on a conjugate of dexamethasone (Dex) and polysialic acid (PSA), linked via an acid-sensitive linker, supplemented with bis-5-hydroxytryptamine (Bis-5HT) on the PSA backbone. Under physiological conditions, the system autonomously assembles into stable nanoparticles (PD5NPs), facilitating prolonged circulation and targeted delivery to inflamed joints. Upon arrival at arthritic joints, Bis-5HT reacts to elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and oxidative stress, prompting particle aggregation and in-situ size amplification. This in situ size amplification nanocarrier effectively inhibits lymphatic clearance and serves as reservoirs for sustained Dex release in acidic pH environments within arthritic sites, thus continuously alleviating RA symptoms. Moreover, investigation on the underlying mechanism elucidates how the in situ size amplification nanocarrier influences the transportation of PD5NPs from inflamed joints to lymphatic vessels. Our study offers valuable insights for optimizing nanomedicine performance in vivo and augmenting therapeutic efficacy.
Factors contributing to Parental stress in newborns requiring surgical care: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Radhakrishna Veerabhadra , Gadgade Bahubali Deepak , Kumar Nitin , Vasudev Raghunath Bangalore , Anand Alladi , Basavaraju Mamatha , Ramareddy Raghu Sampalli , Lakshmaiah Venkatesh Kesarla
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To assess parental stress in newborns undergoing surgical care.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery at a tertiary center. The study included all parents of newborns requiring surgery, admitted between July 2023 and June 2024.
Results:
Ninety percent of parents reported experiencing stress, with the "parental role alteration" domain scoring the highest (3.9 ± 1.1). In the “surgical aspects” domain, 27% reported extreme stress and 22% reported high stress. Higher stress scores were found among parents of preterm infants (3.6 ± 0.9 vs. 3.1 ± 1.1, p=0.04), infants with a birth order ≥ 2 (3.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.1 ± 1, p=0.04), and those from the Muslim community. Graduate parents (2.8 ± 0.9, p=0.01) and parents of upper socioeconomic status (2.3 ± 0.7, p<0.0001) were found to have lower stress scores. Anxiety (62%) and depression (63%) were also prevalent, influenced by preterm birth and previous child loss.
Conclusion:
Parental stress is significant among surgical newborns, especially in parents of preterm babies and those with lower education and socioeconomic status. "Parental role alteration" was the most stressful aspect, highlighting the need for targeted support.
A Neuronal Circuit Based on a Second-Order Memristor
Authors: Shi Fan , Cao Yinghong , Banerjee Santo , Mou Jun
Published: November 2024

With the increasing advances in computer science, a neuron with information memory is needed to form an artificial neural network. In this paper, a novel non-volatile Second-Order Memristor (SOM) is presented its analog circuit is given, and it is applied to RLC neurons to simulate synaptic connections and electromagnetic radiation, thus constructing a Second-Order Memristor RLC (SOM-RLC) neuron. Firstly, numerical methods were used to analyze the changes in neuronal dynamic behavior caused by internal and external magnetic fields and synapses, including various bifurcation behaviors and extreme multi stability. Considering that changes in magnetic field can cause energy flow in neurons, the energy distribution of neurons was analyzed. Finally, by constructing an analog circuit of SOM-RLC neuron and implementing chaotic attractors on DSP, the data results were verified, proving its engineering feasibility. Analyzed the biomimetic performance of SOMRLC neuron from different perspectives, explained the main characteristics of neurons under internal and external magnetic field interference, and further advancing the exploitation of artificial neurons.
The Role of High Dose Corticosteroid (Methylperednisolone Pulse Therapy) in Treatment of Multi-organ Involvement After Bacterial Pneumonia and Pleural Empyema; a case series
Authors: Mirlohi Seyed Hossein , Tajfirooz Sanaz , Rouhi Mitra
Published: November 2024

Parapneumonic effusions and empyema usually occur after bacterial pneumonia. Inflammation plays an essential role in the occurrence of pneumonia and can lead to an autoinflammatory condition. In this study, we will present three cases including multi-organ involvement following pleural empyema that have been treated with pulse corticosteroid therapy. Apparently, pleural empyema can lead to multi-organ involvement due to underlying inflammatory processes. This condition is usually associated with symptoms and changes in laboratory parameters that manifest after empyema treatment or reappear after temporary recovery. Hence, managing this condition by pulse corticosteroid therapy can result in positive outcomes.
Uncovering Endothelial to mesenchymal transition drivers in atherosclerosis via multi-omics analysis
Authors: Huang Qingyan , Gan Yuhong , Zheng Xiaoqi , Yu Zhikang , Huang Qionghui , Huang Mingfeng
Published: November 2024

Purpose:This study aimed to identify novel candidates that regulate Endothelial to mesenchymal transition（EndMT）in atherosclerosis by integrating multi-omics data.
Methods: The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset GSE159766, bulk RNA-seq dataset GSE118446 and microarray dataset GSE56309 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) were used for downscaling and cluster identification. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from GSE118446 and GSE56309 were analyzed using limma package. Functional enrichment analysis was applied by DAVID functional annotation tool. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were used for further validation.
Results: Nine endothelial cell (EC) clusters were identified in human plaques, with EC cluster 5 exhibiting an EndMT phenotype. The intersection of genes from EC cluster 5 and common DEGs in vitro EndMT models revealed seven mesenchymal candidates: PTGS2, TPM1, SERPINE1, FN1, RASD1, SEMA3C, and ESM1. Validation of these findings was carried out through qPCR analysis.
Conclusion: Through the integration of multi-omics data using bioinformatics methods, our study identified seven novel EndMT candidates: PTGS2, TPM1, SERPINE1, FN1, RASD1, SEMA3C, and ESM1.
Transcriptional activation and coactivator binding by yeast Ino2 and its human ortholog proto-oncoprotein c-Myc
Authors: Wendegatz Eva-Carina , Lettow Julia , Wierzbicka Wiktoria , Schüller Hans-Joachim
Published: November 2024

Basic helix-loop-helix domains in yeast regulatory proteins Ino2 and Ino4 mediate formation of a heterodimer which binds to and activates expression of phospholipid biosynthetic genes. The human proto-oncoprotein c-Myc (Myc) and its binding partner Max activate genes important for cellular proliferation and contain functional domains structure and position of which strongly resembles Ino2 and Ino4. Since Ino2 – Myc and Ino4 – Max may be considered as orthologs we performed functional comparisons in yeast. We demonstrate that Myc and Max could be stably synthesized in S. cerevisiae and together significantly activated a target gene of Ino2/Ino4 but nevertheless were unable to functionally complement an ino2 ino4 double mutant. We also map two efficient transcriptional activation domains in the N-terminus of Myc (TAD1: aa 1–41 and TAD2: aa 91–140), corresponding to TAD positions in Ino2. We finally show that coactivators such as TFIID subunits Taf1, Taf4, Taf6, Taf10 and Taf12 as well as ATPase subunits of chromatin remodelling complexes Swi2, Sth1 and Ino80 previously shown to interact with TADs of Ino2 were also able to bind TADs of Myc, supporting the view that heterodimers Ino2/Ino4 and Myc/Max are evolutionary related but have undergone transcriptional rewiring of target genes.
Patient and staff acceptability of remote mentoring of new endoscopists undertaking conscious colonoscopy – a UK prospective, feasibility study using surveys and clinical outcomes
Authors: Dostert Klara , Vogel Irene , Smith Laurie , Ansell James , Horwood James , Hawkes Neil , Davies Lynne , White Judith , Withers Kathleen , Cornish Julie , Torkington Jared
Published: November 2024

Background
Training future endoscopists is challenging due to limited resources in UK endoscopy services. Telementoring, facilitated by platforms like Proximie®, offers a potential solution by enabling remote guidance and training. This study aims to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of using the Proximie® system for telementoring in colonoscopy for both patients and staff.
Methods
A single-centre, prospective feasibility study was conducted with 28 patients undergoing colonoscopy over 10 training lists. Six trainees and six mentors (4 remote, 6 on-site) participated. Clinical outcomes were assessed using key performance indicators, and questionnaires were used to evaluate patient and staff experiences.
Results
Caecal intubation was achieved in 68.4% of cases by trainees, increasing to 95% with on-site mentor intervention. Splenic flexure intubation was successful in 87.5% of cases, reaching 100% with assistance. No complications occurred during any procedures, and no patients required repeat colonoscopy at three months. Patient satisfaction was high, with 91.3% finding it reassuring to have remote support, and all patients willing to have telementoring in future procedures. Staff feedback was generally positive. Most trainees (80%) found remote supervision acceptable as an alternative to on-site mentoring, with 60% rating it excellent and 40% as good. The majority (90%) expressed interest in using telementoring in the future. On-site mentors (60%) and remote mentors (83.3%) also found telementoring acceptable and expressed strong interest in its future use.
Conclusion
Telementoring using Proximie® was well-received by both staff and patients, with minimal technical issues and no negative impact on clinical outcomes. The system was reassuring for patients, and telementoring shows potential as a safe, additional training tool in colonoscopy. Further research is needed to compare its educational benefits with traditional methods.
Designing and implementing the flipped Classroom Model for teaching first aids course and evaluating it with the Kirkpatrick model
Authors: Ahmady Soleiman , Kohan Noushin , Zazoly Atefeh Zabihi , Gorji Ali Morad Heidari
Published: November 2024

Background
The use of interactive teaching patterns and appropriate educational design approaches is an essential requirement emphasized in medical education, especially for courses such as first aids. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate the presentation of a first aid course using the flipped Classroom Model.
Methods
This scholarly study was conducted for the first aids course in the field of occupational health and safety engineering at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. For course design, the instructional design model proposed in the study by Elmagzoub and Eltahir (2017) was used, which was a combination of the flipped classroom model and the ADDIE instructional design model stages. Therefore, the study included 5 stages: "planning and needs assessment, programming, coaching, assessing and evaluating, and revising". The first two steps of the Kirkpatrick model were used to evaluate course.
Results
The results showed that the average student satisfaction score (51.60 ± 3.09) was at a satisfactory level. The results of the independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference in satisfaction scores based on gender, marital status, and age (P > 0.05). Also, the average score of the students in the post-test was 17.75 ± 1.56. Comparing the students' scores in the pre-test and post-test using the paired t-test showed that the average score of the students in the post-test was higher than the pre-test, and the difference between the students' scores was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Based on the results of the evaluation and the needs assessment data, it can be inferred that having an educational design appropriate for each generation, using interactive teaching approaches, and involving learners in their own learning is both a demand of students and leads to desirable outcomes. Therefore, it is a positive step in improving the quality of education and it is recommended to be included in the educational planning of practical courses as well.
Myocardial infarction creates a critical time window for AAV-based cardiac gene transfer
Authors: Guo Yuxuan , Chen Gonglie , Zhang Yueyang , Liu Zhanzhao , Chen Zhan , Yang Luzi , Gao Fei , Dong Erdan
Published: November 2024

Developing approaches to enhance adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based cardiac gene transfer is the key to successful cardiac gene therapy, but factors influencing AAV transduction remains poorly investigated. This study showed that myocardial infarction (MI) enhanced AAV transduction peaking at the third day post MI in mice. This excessive AAV enriched at the border zone potentially due to local vascular permeabilization and metabolic remodeling. This effect could be harnessed to boost cardiac base editing and improve the outcome of gene therapy for MI. Thus, heart disease itself is a non-negligible factor that alters AAV behavior and influence cardiac gene therapy.
Serial chemical crystallography for autonomous quantitative phase analysis in an electron microscope
Authors: Yang Taimin , Waterman David , Chu Zheting , Beilsten-Edmands James , Huang Zhehao , Zou Xiaodong
Published: November 2024

Recent advancements in robotics and artificial intelligence have accelerated the development of autonomous workflows for material discovery. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) remains the primary method for characterizing crystal structures in these workflows. However, its limitations become apparent when peak overlapping becomes severe. To address this, we present serial electron diffraction with tilt (t-SerialED), a method for fast autonomous phase and structural analysis of beam-sensitive, nano-sized polycrystalline materials. t-SerialED incorporates 3D reciprocal space information into SerialED, ensuring reliable quantitative phase analysis for complex mixtures that are difficult to analyze by traditional techniques. Conducted in a standard electron microscope without specialized hardware, t-SerialED enables high-throughput analysis of beam-sensitive, multi-phase mixtures across a wide range of materials, from nanoporous frameworks to pharmaceutical compounds. By resolving key challenges in serial crystallography such as indexing and preferred orientation, this method enables precise structure determination, including the visualization of disordered guest molecules and non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonding network and proton charge transfer. t-SerialED expands the capabilities of serial chemical crystallography and it can become a complementary method to traditional crystallography methods, offering a robust solution for routine quantitative phase analysis and structure determination.
Identification of Novel Drug Target Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Mendelian Randomization Study and Single-Cell Analysis
Authors: He Xidong , Bai Xiaoyin , Wang Beiming , Yu Ziqing , Cao Yubin , Yang Hong
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: Despite the availability of numerous drugs for treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), managing the condition remains challenging. Mendelian randomization (MR) research, a widely utilized methodology in various diseases, has proven effective in identifying new therapeutic drug targets. The primary objective of our study is to uncover novel drug target genes for IBD through the application of MR. Methods: IBD-associated genes were systematically screened using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis on the differentially expressed genes. Subsequently, MR was employed to assess the causal impact of expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) on IBD. Colocalization analysis was then conducted to identify key genes with druggable potential in the context of IBD. Single-cell analysis was subsequently performed on the identified druggable target genes. Results: Our study identified 600 differential genes through screening the GEO database. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in inflammatory response pathways. MR analysis further pinpointed the causal relationship between eQTLs corresponding to seven genes and IBD outcomes. Colocalization analysis identified four key genes (EPB41L3, IL1R2, PVALB, SLC22A4) sharing the same causal variant with IBD. Single-cell analysis of these genes showed predominant expression in cell types related to inflammation. Conclusion: Our investigation furnishes genetic evidence supporting the potential therapeutic benefits of four druggable genes (EPB41L3, IL1R2, PVALB, SLC22A4) in the treatment of IBD. These findings contribute to advancing research on IBD drug development.
Unlocking the Potential of Basalt Quarry Dust for Sustainable Removal of Toxic Malachite Green Dye: Characterization, Adsorption Behaviour and Optimization Analysis Using Soft Computing-Based Modeling
Authors: Chaware Chirag Yogender , Nayak Ashish Kumar , Khobragade Moni Udhaorao
Published: November 2024

Amidst the increasing problems of water scarcity and textile pollution, the wastewater treatment industry is in dire need of affordable adsorbents. The textile industry needs to find cost-effective ways to mitigate its environmental impact, as it is a major cause of water pollution. Since water stress is increasing globally, affordable adsorbents are crucial for providing sustainable and approachable solutions to pollution problems, guaranteeing efficient water treatment, and encouraging environmental preservation in the face of growing concerns. The purpose of this study is to determine how well waste basalt quarry dust (BQD) works as an adsorbent to remove malachite green (MG) dye, a cationic dye that is a major source of dye pollution. The characterization of BQD reveals a zeta potential of -23.3 mV, which is a promising indication of MG adsorption. According to BET analysis, the surface area of BQD is 8.731 m2/g, the pore volume is 0.015 cc/g, and the pore width is 3.794 nm. Various kinetic and equilibrium models are used to investigate the adsorption process. The adsorption kinetics show a well-fitted pseudo-first-order non-linear model with an adjusted R2 value of 0.99415. This shows how effective and reliable the BQD is an adsorbent. The Sips isotherm is an excellent fit with an adjusted R2 value of 0.9827, demonstrating the robustness of the adsorption process. Thermodynamic studies emphasize the spontaneity and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. In addition to these, the response surface methodology is used for optimising the removal efficiency, and the quadratic model of the central composite design is well-fitted to the adsorption process, exhibiting a predicted R2 value of 0.9917, which is greater than that of the artificial neural network model (R2 = 0.9698). Desorption studies also demonstrate the remarkable resilience of the adsorbent, maintaining 85% of its effectiveness after five cycles using 0.5 M HCl as an eluent. This study highlights the potential for long-term sustainable reuse of BQD, supporting the circular economy by advancing the development of affordable adsorption processes that are environmentally friendly, and utilizing byproducts from one industry as resources to treat waste from another.
Influence of temperature and nutrients on the inhibitory effects of the submerged macrophyte Egeria densa on the growth and saxitoxin production of the cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii
Authors: Cabral Jefferson Vitor Melo , Severiano Juliana dos Santos , Santos-Silva Ranielle Daiana dos , Nery Aline Maria Bezerra , Araújo-Silva Mateus Santos , Otogo Regina Anya , Chia Mathias Ahii , Barbosa José Etham Lucena
Published: November 2024

The role of nutrients and temperature in competition-driven allelopathic interactions between macrophytes and cyanobacteria is overlooked in assessing the potential of macrophytes to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the submerged macrophyte Egeria densa— in its physical presence and through its extracts—on the growth and saxitoxin (SXT) production of the cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii under varying temperatures (24°C, 28°C, and 32°C) and enriched levels of phosphorus and nitrogen. The results demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of E. densa on R. raciborskii were influenced by the type of macrophyte exposure, temperature, and nutrient concentration. The physical presence of E. densa generally exerted a significant suppressive effect on the cyanobacterium than its extracts; however, increasing temperatures and nutrient levels favored cyanobacterial growth, reducing the macrophyte's inhibitory power, especially at 28°C. Notably, the inhibitory effect of the extracts was more pronounced at 32°C, regardless of nutrient concentration. Saxitoxin concentrations were generally positively correlated with R. raciborskii biomass but decreased when the cyanobacterium was exposed to the macrophyte. During exposure to the physical presence of E. densa at 24°C and to its extracts at 32°C, toxin levels were negatively related to biomass, suggesting a possible physiological response to stress induced by the macrophyte or toxin release due to cell death and lysis. These findings indicate that temperature and nutrients complicate allelopathic interactions between macrophytes and cyanobacteria, and that E. densa extracts hold promise for controlling toxic blooms of R. raciborskii in a warmer and more eutrophic future.
Synergistic Effects of Urban Mitigation and Adaptation Pilot Policies in China: An Analysis Based on Low-Carbon Resilience
Authors: WANG DI , Chen Shiwei
Published: November 2024

Low-carbon cities and climate resilient cities represent urban development models in China aimed at achieving urban mitigation and adaptation objectives. This study focuses on the dual pilot policy of low-carbon cities and climate resilient cities, establishing a comprehensive evaluation index system for urban low-carbon resilience that encompasses ecological, economic, social, and institutional dimensions. Utilizing panel data from 286 prefecture-level cities and above in China from 2005 to 2021, this study employs Difference-in-Differences, K-means clustering, Double Machine Learning, and a tri-dimensional policy analysis framework of "policy instruments—policy pathways—policy objectives." It provides an in-depth assessment of the dual pilot policy's impact through policy synergy effects, policy tool analysis, and key case studies, supplemented by heterogeneity analysis, mechanism analysis, and cluster analysis. Results indicate that the dual pilot policy significantly enhances the low-carbon resilience of pilot cities, outperforming the effects seen in cities with a singular pilot policy. The policy effects vary among different types of pilot cities, with notably significant impacts in cities facing high temperatures, low temperatures, heavy rainfall, and high disaster risks. Cities characterized by higher levels of low-carbon resilience (categorized as MMHM) manifest more consistent policy synergy effects, whereas cities with lower levels of resilience (classified as LLLL) exhibit some disparities. The study also identifies the strengthening of green technology innovation, human capital development, and communication infrastructure construction as key factors enhancing policy effectiveness. Ultimately, this research underscores the importance of the diversity and combination of policy tools, as well as the multidimensionality and synergy of policy objectives, for effective climate action. It recommends that urban managers consider the synergistic effects of climate change mitigation and adaptation measures when formulating climate policies.