bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of curcumin in bouillon cubes by high-performance thin-layer chromatography
Authors:   A. V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yegorova A , Loskutova Yu ,   InterChem SLC, Voitiuk G ,   InterChem SLC, Maltsev A ,   InterChem SLC, Malinka E ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Scrypynets Yu ,   A. V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Currently, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is widely used to control product quality in the pharmaceutical and food industries. In the manufacture of food products, the most important requirement is the control of the content of various additives (preservatives, dyes, antioxidants). For the first time, a method for determining curcumin by high-performance thin-layer chromatography in bouillon cubes "Gallina Blanca" was proposed. Detection was carried out by densitometric scanning using CAMAG equipment when measuring absorbance at a wavelength 265 nm. The method is based on determining the peak area of curcumin in the chromatogram depending on its concentration. Curcumin content is determined by the calibration curve. The developed method was validated by the following tests: specificity, linearity, accuracy and detection limit. The calibration curve is linear in the range of curcumin concentrations from 120 to 520 ng/spot, the detection limit is 65 ng/spot. The specificity of the method is based on the ability to unambiguously evaluate the analyte in the presence of other components and is confirmed by using an external standard. The spots on the chromatograms of the test solution and the reference solution coincide in the value of Rf, which confirms the specificity of the method. Accuracy was evaluated according to the results of the analysis of various samples. The requirement for statistical insignificance of systematic error is fulfilled. The proposed method is express, characterized by satisfactory metrological characteristics, ease of implementation. Key words: high-performance thin-layer chromatography, curcumin, validation.
Small business development and resource use in Russian regions
Authors:   Vladimir State University n.a. Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, Fraymovich Denis Yu. , Gundorova Marina A. ,   Vladimir State University n.a. Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, Mischenko Zorislav V. ,   Vladimir State University n.a. Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, Guzhov Anna-Maria ,   Vladimir State University n.a. Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, Sultanova Alexandra V. ,   Samara Polytech, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

Relevance. The living standards in any country largely depend on how developed is this country’s business sector. The latter, in its turn, relies on the availability and efficient use of resources. The problem that arises in this respect and that this study seeks to address is how to measure the resource potential available for the development of small businesses in order to choose the optimal strategy of stimulating this sector for this or that region. Research objective. The aim of this research is to study resources available to small businesses and their use in Russian regions. Data and methods. The set of indicators used in our analysis helps us measure the activity of small businesses in Russian federal districts. The key elements of the assessment are based on the official statistics and include the following: average labor productivity of small businesses, the unit turnover per small enterprise, the number of small firms per 10,000 people. Each of these indicators was analyzed by using the methods of mathematical statistics according to the three criteria: stability (S); average values (M); and the variability of the results (V), which characterizes interregional differentiation within a federal district/country. Results. The article proposes a system of indicators for diagnosing small business development based on the concentration and performance of small-sized enterprises. The quantitative results of such analysis can be used for choosing strategies of small business development. Conclusion. There was a significant decline in entrepreneurial activity during the post-crisis period of 2017-2018 in Russia, which could be explained by the impact of foreign sanctions and the difficult economic situation in the country (inflation, a sharp rise in the price of resources, difficulties in communication with international partners, and the difficulty or even impossibility to adopt efficient technologies in a short time). As our analysis has shown, some of the Russian territories still have underutilized resource potential that can be used for stimulating small business development.
Prerequisites for the creation of a tourism cluster in the Kostanay region
Authors:   Rudny Industrial Institute, Rudny, Kazakhstan, Bozhko Larissa , Leskova Liliya ,   Rudny Industrial Institute, Rudny, Kazakhstan, Mukumov Adilbek ,   Rudny Industrial Institute, Rudny, Kazakhstan
Published: August 2021

Relevance.Under increasing competition in the market of goods and services, the structure of the national and regional economies of Kazakhstan should be modified to incorporate tourism a powerful economic driver. The formation of a viable system of geographically adjacent interconnected and mutually complementary companies is impossible without an appropriate strategy, the basis of which is a comprehensive assessment of tourism potential. Research objective. To identify prerequisites for the formation of a tourism cluster in the region based on a cluster strategy ensuring the creation of an efficient management system. Data and Methods. The economy of the Kostanay region was assessed using conventional methods of economic analysis, such as grouping and comparison. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as threats and opportunities, associated with the formation of a tourism cluster in the Kostanay region were determined by SWOT analysis. The official information provided by the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan was used. Results.The conducted analysis of the gross regional product of the Kostanay region and its share in the Republican volumes confirmed that the structure of the regional economy can be changed by creating a tourism cluster based on a system of interacting and complementary enterprises. The development of a tourism cluster will increase the volume of services associated with accommodation of inbound and domestic tourists. Conclusion.The advantages and disadvantages associated with the development of inbound and domestic tourism in the region, as well as prerequisites for the creation of a tourism cluster in the Kostanay region, were determined. It is concluded that the impeding factor in the creation of an interconnected tourism system is the absence of a dialogue between the authorities and the business community. Dialogue channels should be improved in order to further diversify Kazakhstan regional economies through the creation of tourism clusters.
Optimisation of preparation of hazelnut shell activated carbon for adsorption of Cr (III)
Authors: Ulu Feride , Kobya Mehmet
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was the optimisation of the activated carbon (C) production process by dehydration–carbonisation using concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) from hazelnut shells found locally and readily available agricultural waste and the adsorption of chromium (III) (Cr3+) on the activated carbon produced by this method. An adsorption experiment was carried out at conditions of 25°C and initial concentration of 30 mg chromium (III)/l. The optimum process conditions for ensuring maximum adsorption capacity were investigated by means of statistically designed experiments and steepest ascent experiments. The optimum values found were an impregnation ratio of 4.5 ml sulfuric acid/g hazelnut shells, an oven temperature of 50°C, a holding time in the oven of 19.8 h and a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.76 mg chromium (III)/g hazelnut shell activated carbon (HSAC). The surface properties of HSAC were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and agreed with the outcomes. The adsorption mechanism could be rapid ion exchange and slow chemisorption and/or an outer-sphere complexation at pH 3.5–6.0 during the process.
Log-Exponential Power Distribution for Accelerated Failure Time Model in Survival Analysis and Its Application
Authors: Olosunde Akinlolu Adeseye , Ejiofor Chidimma
Published: August 2021

We proposed the log-exponential power density function as baseline distribution for accelerated failure time model (AFT) used in analysis of survival data with covariates. This model generalizes the log-normal and some exponential family due to flexibility at the tail region. It has log-concavity property, accommodates the four basic shapes of hazard function which is an attractive property ive to some existing models was tested using data from chronic liver disease patients monitored at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife.
A Comparative Study of the Frequency of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Women Undergoing Normal Vaginal Delivery and Cesarean Section
Authors: SSZ Shahri , S Sayyedalhosseini
Published: August 2021

Introduction and Objective: Childbirth may be a stressful event for some women and trauma that some of them experienced during childbirth can cause Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of PTSD among women with Normal Vaginal Delivery (NVD) and cesarean section (C-Section).
COVID-19 associated cranial nerve neuropathy: A systematic review
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Scorza Fulvio Alexandre , Scorza Carla , Fiorini Ana
Published: August 2021

The involvement of cranial nerves is being increasingly recognised in COVID-19. This review aims to summarize and discuss the recent advances concerning the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 associated cranial nerve mononeuropathies or polyneuropathies. Therefore, a systematic review of articles from PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. Altogether 36 articles regarding SARS-CoV-2 associated neuropathy of cranial nerves describing 56 patients were retrieved. Out of these 56 patients, cranial nerves were compromised without the involvement of peripheral nerves in 32 of the patients, while Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) with cranial nerve involvement was described in 24 patients. A single cranial nerve was involved either unilaterally or bilaterally in 36 patients, while in 19 patients multiple cranial nerves were involved. Bilateral involvement was more prevalent in the GBS group (n=11) as compared to the cohort with isolated cranial nerve involvement (n=5). Treatment of cranial nerve neuropathy included steroids (n=18), intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) (n=18), acyclovir/valacyclovir (n=3), and plasma exchange (n=1). The outcome was classified as “complete recovery” in 21 patients and as ”partial recovery” in 30 patients. One patient had a lethal outcome. In conclusion, any cranial nerve can be involved in COVID-19, but cranial nerves VII, VI, and III are the most frequently affected. The involvement of cranial nerves in COVID-19 may or may not be associated with GBS. In patients with cranial nerve involvement, COVID-19 infections are usually mild. Isolated cranial nerve palsy without GBS usually responds favorably to steroids. Cranial nerve involvement with GBS benefits from IVIG.
Selection and assessment measures used in medical school admissions: A systematic review. v2
Authors: Knight Alec , Shahzad Hamda , Twumasi Ricardo
Published: August 2021

Introduction Patterson et al. (2015) conducted a systematic review examining selection methods used in medical education. The researchers assessed the quality, along with the strengths and weaknesses, of common selection methods. The review evaluated the effectiveness of aptitude tests, academic records, personal statements, references, SJTS, personality and emotional intelligence assessments, interviews, MMIs and selection centres. Since the publishing of Patterson et al.’s review in 2015, a wealth of research has been completed on selection methods, including a number of longitudinal studies. The present systematic review aims to provide an updated analysis of the literature on the quality of selection methods in medical education. The current review will aim to overcome significant limitations present within the original review. The review will consider literature published from 2015 onwards, encompassing research that has so far not been included in a systematic review of this nature. Completing an updated review will allow medical education providers to understand how recent contributions to the literature may have changed our understanding of the quality of methods used. This will allow for a more comprehensive decision process of which selection methods should be used within medical education in the future. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest to report. There is no funding or sponsorship associated with this review.
Closure of a large upper muscular ventricular septal defect in a 2.3 kg baby using a duct occluder
Authors:   Assistant professor, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, PCE CS unit, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, India, Kamran Mirza Mohd , Abqari Shaad ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, Haseen Azam ,   Professor and Chairman, Department of CTVS, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, Yadav Mayank ,   Assistant Professor, Department of CTVS, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: August 2021

Surgical closure of the ventricular septal defect is a time tested and well-accepted procedure to dateespecially in smaller babies with failure to thrive and severe pulmonary hypertension. Surgicalclosure is regarded as the gold standard treatment. However over the past 10 years percutaneoustrans-catheter device closure has emerged as a safer alternative especially in the case of muscularVSD. Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defects (VSD) has not yet received generalacceptance. It is not well-established in the younger age group with a weight category of less than5kg. Occasionally, a hybrid procedure has been proposed. We believe that certain types of VSD canbe closed safely by the transcatheter approach even if weight is less than 5kg, especially if the trendof miniaturizing devices continues. This approach should be considered as a valid alternative to asurgical option. We are reporting such a VSD baby with a weight of 2.3 Kg at the age of 6 months,which was closed with a duct occluder
Gaze Control Function Implementation in the Aircraft Cockpit Displays and Controls
Authors:   FGUP GOSNIIAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Greshnikov I. I.
Published: August 2021

The paper analyzes modern solutions applicable to advanced cockpit development using the gaze control function. Based on the analysis, the conclusion is made about the practicability of using the gaze control function and the intelligent information system is being developed for testing this function on the basis of universal cockpit prototyping bench.
TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN CLASSICAL UNIVERSITIES: REALITIES OF TODAY
Authors: Marushkevych Alla
Published: August 2021

The article focuses on the role of classical universities in the development of education and training of teachers; some issues of their historical progress and economic, socio-cultural influences on the state of functioning are revealed. The importance of classical universities in the training of highly qualified, competitive in the modern labor market specialists with higher education is highlighted. The peculiarity of training scientific and scientific-pedagogical workers at the third (educational-scientific) level of higher pedagogical education in accordance with the international, European requirements for doctors of philosophy is indicated. Emphasis is placed on the importance in today's conditions of taking into account the previous experience of teacher training in classical universities; applying a competency-based approach to working with students preparing to become teachers. It is proved that an important component of professional training of pedagogical and scientific-pedagogical staff in the classical university is the innovative activity of the teacher; assistant pedagogical practice regulated by the curriculum. The importance of distance learning in the training of teachers is substantiated, the advantage of which is internationality: the possibility of receiving education without leaving their country and providing educational services to foreign citizens who are abroad; introduction of e-learning, which is a necessary condition for conducting not only distance learning, but also blended learning, which is a combination of academic and innovative learning, interactive and elearning. The importance of scientific and methodological system, synthesis of formal and non-formal (distance education), implementation of new tools and approaches to improve the quality of teaching is argued; constant updating of the content of educational disciplines and formation of the system of knowledge "soft skills", skills of research work, etc.
DECENTRALIZATION AS A STIMULATING FACTOR OF DEMOCRATIZATION OF EDUCATION
Authors: Siladii Ivan
Published: August 2021

It is studied that decentralization as a multifaceted phenomenon that determines the centrifugal processes in the state, is both a principle and a method and a feature of public administration. It provides for the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the central government to the lower levels of government and to the private sector. In addition, decentralization presupposes the delegation of certain powers and responsibilities to subordinates, giving them greater freedom of will and, with it, greater responsibility. In the context of the transformation of social processes, the decentralization of management of Ukrainian society is an important factor in stimulating the democratization of education. Occasionally, foreign experience in decentralizing education management and improving its quality at various stages of the educational process should be used. The article emphasizes the possibility of using in Ukraine the following achievements of the Polish experience of decentralization of basic education management: at the national level – on approaches to funding at the local government level, public policy in the field of curricula, textbooks, teacher training, transparent mechanisms for quality control of education (inspection service, external evaluation, education quality monitoring system); at the level of local governments – on the financing of schools and the implementation of educational policy in accordance with local needs, community involvement in education, monitoring the quality of education at the local level; at the level of educational institutions – to involve the public in school development planning, conducting self-assessment of school work. It is determined that the decentralization of public administration, as evidenced by international experience, is a significant incentive for democratization of education, and thus better meet the educational needs of each person, effective use of local resources in education and socialization of education, which is reflected in the spread of new tools of public influence on the education system, increasing the autonomy of educational institutions and their role as public institutions.
The effectiveness of osteopathic treatment 2,5–4,5 year-old children with dysarthria
Authors: Egorova Irina A. , Buchnov Alexandr D. , Zinkevich Elena R.
Published: August 2021

Background. In recent decades, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures related to classical orthopedics, manual medicine and osteopathy have become widespread in Russian clinical medicine. Osteopathy expands the possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of various diseases due to the fact that its methods are not addressed to individual symptoms of the disease, but to violations of the system organization of physiological functions of the body and to establishing cause-and-effect relationships between mechanical damage of human tissues and the development of subsequent pathologies. Currently, the problem of studying the relationship of indicators of the osteopathic status of preschool children having perinatal signs of dysarthria is relevant for osteopathic doctors. Materials and methods. On the basis of the department of osteopathy of the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University and the V.L. Andrianov Institute of the osteopathic medicine, a study was conducted aimed at assessing the clinical and physiological parameters of children aged 2.5 to 4.5 years with dysarthria and further substantiating the effectiveness of oteopathic treatment of adverse functional disorders of the brain that affect oral speech. The work used a computer electroencephalograph Mizar. Ultrasound dopplerography of the brain vessels of the subjects using the transcranial dopplerography device EME/Nicolet as well as ultrasound examination of the cervical spine was performed. The materials obtained in the course of the study were subjected to mathematical and statistical processing using the Statistica 6.0 software package, nonparametric (Wilcoxon test) and parametric methods were used with applying the Students t-test to assess the reliability of differences, and correlation analysis was performed to establish the relationship between clinical, physiological and osteopathic indicators in children before and after treatment. Conclusions. The results of the assessment of the clinical and physiological parameters of the subjects allowed us to infer that the osteopathic treatment was effective.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children: prerequisites for formation and possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics of structural and functional changes in the vascular system
Authors: Bolshakova Svetlana E. , Madaeva Irina M. , Berdina Olga N. , Bugun Olga V. , Rychkova Lyubov V.
Published: August 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children are relatively frequent sleep disorder, with a prevalence of 15 %, in pediatrics population, as reported by different studies. The clinical consequences of OSA are daytime sleepiness, cognitive and behavioral disorders, and poor school performance. OSA has serious social implications given their correlations with cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The article reflects the mechanisms involved in the development of the pathologic changes in cardiovascular system in OSA patients, which remain completely unclear, which determines the need for further study of the problem. The role of endothelial dysfunction in children with OSA as the main marker of vascular damage is considered. The description of ultrasound methods for studying the vascular system in OSA pediatric patients is given. The work on the study of cerebral hemodynamics using transcranial duplex scanning of the vessels of the base of the brain and its changes caused by vascular remodeling in OSA are presented. This review discusses the possibility of ultrasound assessment of endothelium-dependent dilatation of the brachial artery in a test with reactive hyperemia as a functional method for diagnosing endothelial dysfunction in OSA children. The use of these methods will make it possible to timely identify the structural and functional changes in blood vessels, which will allow determining the vector of early prevention and pathogenetically substantiate innovative approaches to the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases in OSA children from the standpoint of sleep medicine.
On-the-Fly Full Hessian Kernel Calculations Based upon Seismic-Wave Simulations
Authors: Xie Yujiang , Rychert Catherine A. , Harmon Nicholas , Liu Qinya , Gajewski Dirk
Published: August 2021

Full waveform inversion or adjoint tomography has routinely been performed to image the internal structure of the Earth at high resolution. This is typically done using the Fréchet kernels and the approximate Hessian or the approximate inverse Hessian because of the high-computational cost of computing and storing the full Hessian. Alternatively, the full Hessian kernels can be used to improve inversion resolutions and convergence rates, as well as possibly to mitigate interparameter trade-offs. The storage requirements of the full Hessian kernel calculations can be reduced by compression methods, but often at a price of accuracy depending on the compression factor. Here, we present open-source codes to compute both Fréchet and full Hessian kernels on the fly in the computer random access memory (RAM) through simultaneously solving four wave equations, which we call Quad Spectral-Element Method (QuadSEM). By recomputing two forward fields at the same time that two adjoint fields are calculated during the adjoint simulation, QuadSEM constructs the full Hessian kernels using the exact forward and adjoint fields. In addition, we also implement an alternative approach based on the classical wavefield storage method (WSM), which stores forward wavefields every kth (k≥1) timestep during the forward simulation and reads required fields back into memory during the adjoint simulation for kernel construction. Both Fréchet and full Hessian kernels can be computed simultaneously through the QuadSEM or the WSM code, only doubling the computational cost compared with the computation of Fréchet kernels alone. Compared with WSM, QuadSEM can reduce the disk space and input/output cost by three orders of magnitude in the presented examples that use 15,000 timesteps. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the functionality of the methods, and the computer codes are provided with this contribution.
Near-Fault Monitoring Reveals Combined Seismic and Slow Activation of a Fault Branch within the Istanbul–Marmara Seismic Gap in Northwest Turkey
Authors: Martínez-Garzón Patricia , Durand Virginie , Bentz Stephan , Kwiatek Grzegorz , Dresen Georg , Turkmen Taylan , Nurlu Murat , Bohnhoff Marco
Published: August 2021

Various geophysical observations show that seismic and aseismic slip on a fault may occur concurrently. We analyze microseismicity recordings from a temporary near-fault seismic network and borehole strainmeter data from the eastern Marmara region in northwest Turkey to track seismic and aseismic deformation around the hypocentral region of an Mw 4.5 earthquake in 2018. A slow transient is observed that lasted about 30 days starting at the time of the Mw 4.5 event. We study about 1200 microseismic events that occurred during 417 days after the Mw 4.5 event around the mainshock fault rupture. The seismicity reveals a strong temporal clustering, including four episodic seismic sequences, each containing more than 30 events per day. Seismicity from the first two sequences displayed typical characteristics driven by aseismic slip and/or fluids, such as the activation of a broader region around the mainshock and swarm-like topology. The third and fourth sequences correspond to typical mainshock–aftershock sequences. These observations suggest that slow slip and potentially fluid diffusion along the fault plane could have controlled the seismicity during the initial 150 days following the Mw 4.5 event. In contrast, stress redistribution and breaking of remaining asperities may have caused the activity after the initial 150 days. Our observation from a newly installed combined dense seismic and borehole strainmeter network follows an earlier observation of a slow transient occurring in conjunction with enhanced local seismic moment release in the same region. This suggests a frequent interaction of seismic and aseismic slip in the Istanbul–Marmara seismic gap.
Frequency evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms and liver test disorder in patients during the Covid-19 outbreak in the military unit: A single-center pilot study
Authors: AVCI Enver , AKHAN Onur , ÖZTAŞ Erkin , DİŞİBEYAZ Selçuk
Published: August 2021

Background and Aims: Coronavirus disease-2019 is a disease presenting with respiratory as well as gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, the liver enzyme can be disrupted during the disease. This study aimed to investigate the extent of the military co-epidemic during the Coronavirus disease-2019 epidemic process and the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and liver test disorders. Materials and Methods: Demographic, radiological, laboratory, and clinical analysis of soldiers diagnosed with Coronavirus disease-2019 was carried out retrospectively in March, April, and May of 2020, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Coronavirus disease-2019 was detected in 17 (0.7%) of the 2,152 soldiers coming from different cities to perform their military services and 9 (0.4%) of the soldiers in the following days after recruitment. In addition, 1 (0.3%) of 320 senior militaries and 2 (3.6%) from 56 other soldiers who came to the unit from other units were also diagnosed with Coronavirus disease-2019. The mean age was 21.2 ± 1.8 years. In torax computed tomography, only 4 (13.7%) patients had pneumonia. At the time of diagnosis, 6.8% of the patients had gastrointestinal symptoms and 13.7% had liver enzyme disruption. None of the patients experienced respiratory failure, intensive care, and death; all the patients recovered. Conclusion: In the present literature, our study is the first to investigate the Coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak in the military unit in the world and the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and liver enzyme disruptions in these patients. Our study revealed that Coronavirus disease-2019 was milder in young populations and gastrointestinal symptoms and liver test disorder were less frequently observed. Coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak was taken under control by fast and accurate triage and suitable isolation for those with the suspected disease in environments where many people such as military units will live close together. Coronavirus disease-2019 should always be kept in mind, especially in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, and early patient isolation prevents the spread of the epidemic in such crowded environments.
Reconstruction surgery for dislocated hips in children with cerebral palsy
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Popkov D.A. , Chibirov G.M. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Tomov A.D. Tomov ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

Introduction The article is a literature review focusing on reconstruction surgery for dislocated hips in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Material and methods Publications in Scopus, PubMed, RSCI indexed journals over the past 20 years were reviewed for hip dislocation in children with CP. Results and discussion The article discusses the prevalence of the orthopaedic complication of cerebral palsy, pathogenesis, diagnosis, indications to surgery, choice of surgical technique, early rehabilitation and long-term outcomes. A report made for the first educational meeting of the European Pediatric Orthopaedic Society held in Russia at the Ilizarov Center in 2021 was used for the contribution. Conclusion Surgical treatment is indicated for hip dislocation in children with CP using holistic approach and principles of single-event multilevel surgery that suggest hip reconstruction, addressing contractures and deformities of the subjacent segments and creating conditions for postoperative postural management. Standardized indications, patient selection and optimal time for intervention are to be carefully considered for the procedure with the use of customized orthopaedic implants and techniques.
Analysis of the Effect of Unemployment Rate, RMW, and HDI on Poverty Rates in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Oktaviani Yolanda , Qurrota A'yun Indanazulfa
Published: August 2021

Poverty is one of the most complex problems in a country's economy, including in a region. Therefore, efforts to reduce poverty must be carried out comprehensively. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the unemployment rate, the Regional Minimum Wage (RMW), and the Human Development Index (IPM) on the poverty rate in the districts of Bantul, Sleman, Gunung Kidul, Kulon Progo, and the City of Yogyakarta in 2015-2019. The analytical method used is panel data regression random effect models (REM). This study indicates that the unemployment rate, regional minimum wage, and HDI simultaneously affect the poverty level. Partially, the unemployment rate is positively and not significantly correlated with the poverty rate.
Cerebral venous thrombosis: a changing landscape
Authors: Colaco Vimala , Sundaramurthy Harsha , Paneyala Shasthara , C. Nemichandra S.
Published: August 2021

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon cause of stroke and is mainly a disease of the young. The aims of the study were to summarize the change in the clinical profile of CVT and provide an update regarding the current management of the same. A literature search was conducted using Pubmed and Google scholar using the desired terms. Studies were analysed and review was formulated. The median age of CVT in most studies was 32 years. There has been a shift from female pre-ponderence to equal gender predilection. Several studies are confirming the efficacy of D-dimer as a diagnostic marker of CVT. Newer oral anticoagulants have been found to be as efficient as warfarin. There have been several cases of CVT reported in association with COVID-19. This review confirmed the traditional understanding of age and risk factors of CVT. It also noted a change from the female pre-ponderence. NOACS are emerging as the preferred drug for the long-term management of CVT.
Estimation of D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients and its correlation with age and gender
Authors: Chander Kalash
Published: August 2021

Background: COVID-19 patients show some kind of abnormal coagulation parameters, related to thrombotic disorders, which can act as marker of the disease. One such marker is D-dimer, which is a widely used fibrin degradation product test used for initial diagnosis of thrombotic disorders. D-dimer levels from patients coming in OPD of sub-district hospital Bishnah, Jammu were analyzed to estimate the degree of this relation to its severity, age and gender.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the D-dimer data, collected from the patients coming in OPD of sub-district hospital Bishnah, Jammu, from March 2019 to March 2020. Randomly selected 134 patients infected with COVID-19, with known age and gender and confirmed by RT-PCR were included in the study.Results: Out of these 134 patients, 76 were males (56.72%) and 58 were females (43.28%). 41.04% patients belonged to the age group 51 to 70 years; 92 patients had elevated levels of D-dimer levels, 52 (38.8%) patients showed D-dimer levels four-folds the safe level, >1000 ng/ml and a significant number of females (70.7%) were found to be with elevated D-dimer levels. Women were found to be at a higher risk of developing thrombotic disorders than men. There was slight relation of thrombotic disorders such as D-dimer with postmenopausal age of women as well.Conclusions: This study has shown a clear guidance that women and older individuals are at a higher risk of developing thrombotic disorders during COVID-19 infection.
Crime under Lockdown: The Impact of COVID-19 on Citizen Security in the City of Buenos Aires
Authors: Perez-Vincent Santiago M. , Schargrodsky Ernesto , García Mejía Mauricio
Published: August 2021

This paper studies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdown on criminal activity in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We find a large, significant, robust, and immediate decline in crime following quarantine restrictions. We observe the effect on property crime reported to official agencies, police arrests, and crime reported in victimization surveys, but not in homicides. The decrease in criminal activity was greater in business and transportation areas, but still large in commercial and residential areas (including informal settlements). After the sharp and immediate fall, crime recovered but, as of November 2020, it did not reach its initial levels. The arrest data additionally allow us to measure the distance from the detainees address to the crime location. Crime became more local as mobility was restricted.
El BID: Vol. 24, no. 1-2, enero-febrero 1997
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

EL BID informa sobre el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y sobre las actividades del Banco. Se publica 10 veces al año en inglés, español, portugués y francés.
Hidroclimatología local e impactos en el lago Sochagota, Paipa, Boyacá
Authors: Monroy Ramírez Juan Camilo , Espinosa Ramírez Adriana Janneth , Jiménez Avella Wilson Alejandro
Published: August 2021

El lago Sochagota es un sistema construido que actúa como una laguna de oxidación. Su nivel está regulado, posee afloramiento de agua termomineral y recibe escorrentía de suelos sulfatados ácidos y una porción de agua dulce del río Chicamocha; y descarga en el distrito de riego de Usochicamocha. Al incrementar la concentración de sales termominerales, el sistema entra en tensión, pues la alta salinidad amenaza la biodiversidad y se convierte en fuente de conflictos por el uso del agua en la cuenca. Este trabajo recopiló datos de conductividad, precipitación de treinta años y batimetría, procesados, analizados y modelados, para presentar la variabilidad temporal (periodos contrastantes secos y húmedos) y espacial. De igual forma se realizaron ensayos de ecotoxicidad para evidenciar los posibles efectos de la salinización sobre el ecosistema, la biota y los riesgos asociados con cambios en la hidroclimatología de la zona. Los resultados señalan que el lago es altamente sensible a las disminuciones de precipitaciones que favorecen la acumulación de las sales hidrotermales provenientes de su cuenca y afloramientos, lo que acentúa la eutrofización cultural, lo que puede conducir a fenómenos que afecten el ecosistema y el potencial agropecuario de la zona de influencia.
Evaluación geoestadística de atributos hidrofísicos del suelo en la granja Tunguavita, Paipa, Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Herrera Javier Giovanni , Ruiz Berrío Hernán David , Acosta Tova Darwin Fernando
Published: August 2021

Dada la influencia en la explotación agrícola de los atributos físicos de los suelos, es necesario su estudio geoestadístico, con el fin de conocer la distribución y variabilidad que poseen, y su efecto sobre las restantes características del suelo. Por lo anterior, se realizó la medición de 80 puntos en un transecto de la granja de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Se analizó la densidad real (Dr), la densidad aparente (Da), la porosidad total (PT), el contenido de carbono orgánico (CO), el tamaño de las partículas y la infiltración básica (Ib), mediante un análisis descriptivo, geoestadístico y multivariado. Las propiedades físicas que presentaron los menores coeficientes de variación (CV) fueron la Dr (7,50 %) y la Da (4,33 %). Todas las variables evaluadas mostraron bajo CV, a excepción de la Ib. Los valores de CO de la granja son muy bajos (1,97 %). La Dr, el CO y la PT se ajustaron a semivariogramas lineales y tuvieron los mayores rangos (75 m). La arcilla se correlacionó negativamente con la arena y el limo; mientras que la PT tuvo correlación directa con la Dr, e inversa con la Da. La porosidad y el tamaño de partículas tienen gran influencia en la varianza de las propiedades físicas de los suelos de la granja, de acuerdo con el análisis de componentes principales. Probablemente, la ganadería intensiva practicada allí afecta la porosidad y la Dr, lo que disminuye la Ib y aumenta la compactación del suelo.
Роль коллоквиумов в коммуникативных практиках медицинского сообщества: дискурс медицины и коллективная клиническая рациональность
Authors: Ушаков Е.В.
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема коллективных коммуникативных практик в медицинском сообществе (коллоквиумов). Эта форма взаимодействия медицинских специалистов позволяет решить ряд практических проблем оказания помощи пациенту. В статье делается вывод о том, что для дальнейшего продвижения медицины необходимо развитие коммуникативных практик, основанных на клиническом опыте, аргументации, практическом суждении.
Принципы и приѐмы разработки UX дизайна
Authors: Кравченко К.И. , Минеева Т.А.
Published: August 2021

В данной статье исследуются принципы и приѐмы, применяемые frontendразработчиками для проектирования интуитивно понятного и комфортного в работе пользовательского интерфейса.
Особенности и перспективы возделывания сорго в предгорной зоне РСО-АланияОсобенности и перспективы возделывания сорго в предгорной зоне РСО-Алания
Authors: Бацазова Т.М. , Шалыгина А.А.
Published: August 2021

Как культурное растение сорго известно с доисторических времен. Преимущественно его возделывают для получения продовольственного и кормового зерна. В Северо – Осетинской республики сорго возделывается в основном на силос и зеленый корм. Сорго ценится не только за высокие урожаи и приспособленность к засухе, оно обладает прекрасными кормовыми достоинствами. Зеленая масса сорго, начиная с фазы интенсивного роста до полного созревания зерна, сочна, нежна и питательна. В ней содержится 70 – 80% влаги, 3,5 – 5,0% протеина, 0,8 – 1,0% жира, 10 – 18 сахаров и сравнительно мало клетчатки (6 – 8%). В соке стеблей содержится от 14 до 18% сахара, что благоприятствует сбраживанию трудносилосуемых культур и сухих компонентов [1,3,4]. Цель исследований состояла в получении экспериментальных данных этой культуры, а также уточнить особенности ее возделывания в данном регионе.
Проявление детерминистической динамики при каталитическом окислении 1,6- нафтодиола в гомогенной среде
Authors: Гасанова Х.М.
Published: August 2021

Приведены результаты по проявлению детерминистической динамики при каталитическом окислении 1,6-нафтодиола в гомогенной среде и возникновению химических осцилляций в данной системе. Изучено влияние концентрации реагента и катализатора, температуры и рН среды на основные характеристики химических осцилляций.
Математическая задача в разработке контрольно-измерительного приспособления
Authors: Гамова Н.А. , Косилов М.А.
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматривается принцип работы контрольно-измерительного приспособления для контроля перпендикулярности поверхности относительно оси отверстия. Технический контроль - это главная часть управления качеством продукции на машиностроительном предприятии, что является неотъемлемой частью производственного процесса. В статье рассматривается проверка детали типа «Переводка» 7А35.25.19М, где используют контрольно-измерительное приспособление (КИП) для контроля перпендикуляра поверхности относительно оси отверстия. Осуществляется проверка параллельности поверхности торца относительно отверстия диаметром 20 +0,21мм с допуском 0,1 мкм. Отдельные элементы системы разрабатываютсяпараллельно с разработкой технологии производства и фиксируются в соответствующей технологической документации. Математическая задача в разработке контрольно-измерительного приспособления состояла в расчетефактической погрешности измерения для контрольно-измерительного приспособления.
Клетские храмы деревянного зодчества на примере часовни Успения Богоматери в деревни Васильево (о. Кижи)
Authors: Кудрявцев И.А.
Published: August 2021

В работе рассмотрены конструктивные решения клетских построек. Раскрыты этапы полной переборки строения с указанием изменений в конструкциях часовни. Проведен сравнительный анализ различных угловых соединений присущих памятникам деревянного зодчества. Проанализированы плотницкие приемы формирования безгвоздевой кровли, позволяющей продлить срок службы деревянного настила и минимизировать ремонтные работы.
Критерии надежности и безопасности при реконструкции фасадов общественных зданий
Authors: Фетисова М.А. , Корягин Н.А. , Карпович А.А.
Published: August 2021

В статье идет речь о надежности и безопасности фасадных систем, которая определяется результатами прочностных расчетов несущей способности элементов каркаса. Применяемые при реконструкции общественных зданий фасадные технологии должны иметь заключения специализированных организаций по их пожарной безопасности, указывающие разрешенные к применению конструктивные решения и материалы.
Анализ оборотных активов в сельскохозяйственных предприятиях Воронежской области
Authors: Добрина В.В. , Жеребненко Е.А. , Панин С.И.
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена оценке и анализу эффективности использования оборотных активов в сельскохозяйственных предприятиях Воронежской области за 2018 – 2019 годы. Проводится факторный анализ длительности одного оборота оборотных активов. Сформулированы предложения по повышению эффективности использования оборотных активов.
Экономический анализ эффективности производства зерна на примере предприятий Воронежской области
Authors: Степанова Т.А. , Лепендина А.М.
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматривается анализ влияния различных факторов на эффективность производства зерна на предприятиях воронежской области и подходы к увеличению их рентабельности.
Effects of the pandemic on the natural rate of unemployment in Russia
Authors: Shataeva O.V. , Korshunova N.E. , Melikhova Y.M.
Published: August 2021

The article examines unemployment and the impact on the unemployment rate of coronavirus and quarantine restrictions, as well as ways to maintain the unemployment rate no higher than "natural." As well as the peculiarities of employment and unemployment in Russia in 2020-2021. and the following measures to reduce it.
Достижения науки и техники в области вентиляции шахт за последние 10 лет
Authors: Баклушина И.В. , Новикова К.Ю. , Астрашенко В.В. , Налимов М.Н. , Шкурат М.С.
Published: August 2021

Рассмотрены различные способы совершенствования вентиляции шахт в различных направлениях для обеспечения безопасности труда горнорабочих и безостановочного технологического процесса выемки угля за счет стабильного поддержания величины содержания метана в подземных горных выработок угольных шахт в пределах установленных норм.
Аналого-цифровой преобразователь интегрирующего типа для измерения малых электрических сигналов
Authors: Андреев И.А.
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматривается возможный способ уменьшения относительной погрешности аналого-цифрового нелинейного преобразователя интегрирующего типа с двухтактным преобразованием в локальной окрестности нижней границы динамического диапазона измеряемой электрической величины, если преобразователь применяется для измерения малых электрических величин при аддитивных помехах, и если источник измеряемой электрической величины не содержит симметричные выходные электрические цепи.
Дендроклиматический отклик сосны обыкновенной на абиотические факторы в условиях благоприятного произрастания
Authors: Егорашин В.Г.
Published: August 2021

Приводятся дендроклиматические данные о влиянии абиотических факторов на радиальный прирост сосны обыкновенной в благоприятных условиях произрастания Окско-Тѐшинского зандрового полесья Нижегородской области. Приведены данные о корреляционной связи радиального прироста сосны обыкновенной с основными абиотическими факторами календарного и гидрологического годов. Рассчитаны регрессионные уравнения связи индексов прироста с абиотическими факторами.
Геокриологические условия территории мостового перехода через р. Лена
Authors: Шестакова А.А.
Published: August 2021

В статье приведены геокриологические условия района планируемого мостового перехода через р. Лена – распространение средних годовых температур многолетнемерзлых пород, таликов и мерзлотно-геологических процессов, и явлений и мощность деятельного слоя. Проведен количественный анализ закономерностей пространственного распределения мерзлотных характеристик. Составлена карта-схема распространения таликов. Изучение геокриологических условий послужило для дальнейшего составления геокриологической карты мостового перехода через р. Лена в районе г. Якутска масштаба 1:5000.