bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and spectroscopic identification of methyl-Se-nitrososelenol
Authors: Song Lijuan , Keul Felix , Mardyukov Artur
Published: July 2019

The hitherto unknown methyl-Se-nitrososelenol was synthesized by the reaction of the methyl selenyl radical with nitric oxide and characterized spectroscopically.
Understanding the influence of defects and surface chemistry on ferroelectric switching: a ReaxFF investigation of BaTiO3
Authors: Akbarian Dooman , Yilmaz Dundar E. , Cao Ye , Ganesh P. , Dabo Ismaila , Munro Jason , Van Ginhoven Renee , van Duin Adri C. T.
Published: July 2019

Interaction of oxygen vacancies in BaTiO3 as simulated using the ReaxFF reactive force field.
Electronic transport investigation of redox-switching of azulenequinones/hydroquinones via first-principles studies
Authors: Haidar El-Abed , Tawfik Sherif Abdulkader , Stampfl Catherine , Hirao Kimihiko , Yoshizawa Kazunari , El-Demerdash Safinaz H. , Nakajima Takahito , El-Nahas Ahmed M.
Published: July 2019

Azulenequinone undergoes destructive quantum interference that leads to molecular switching behavior, as demonstrated by a combined first principles calculations and diagrammatic approaches.
Cationic gold clusters with eight valence electrons: possible spherical aromatic systems with Sigma holes
Authors: Attia Amr A. A. , Brânzanic Adrian M. V. , Muñoz-Castro Alvaro , Lupan Alexandru , King R. Bruce
Published: July 2019

The lowest energy structures of Au9+ and Au113+ are aromatic with relatively spherical polyhedra, like Au102+. However, the lowest energy Au124+ structure has a central planar unit with four Au4 tetrahedra. The surfaces of these clusters have σ-holes.
Superior catalytic effects of FeCo nanosheets on MgH2 for hydrogen storage
Authors: Yang Xinglin , Ji Liang , Yan Nianhua , Sun Ze , Lu Xiong , Zhang Liuting , Zhu Xinqiao , Chen Lixin
Published: July 2019

FeCo nanosheets covered the surface of MgH2 and accelerated the dissociation and recombination of H2 molecules.
Operando X-ray characterization of high surface area iridium oxides to decouple their activity losses for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Povia Mauro , Abbott Daniel F. , Herranz Juan , Heinritz Adrian , Lebedev Dmitry , Kim Bae-Jung , Fabbri Emiliana , Patru Alexandra , Kohlbrecher Joachim , Schäublin Robin , Nachtegaal Maarten , Copéret Christophe , Schmidt Thomas J.
Published: July 2019

Operando X-ray techniques allow an unprecedented, quantitative discrimination of the instability mechanisms affecting Ir-oxide catalysts for the evolution of oxygen.
High-permeance polymer-functionalized single-layer graphene membranes that surpass the postcombustion carbon capture target
Authors: He Guangwei , Huang Shiqi , Villalobos Luis Francisco , Zhao Jing , Mensi Mounir , Oveisi Emad , Rezaei Mojtaba , Agrawal Kumar Varoon
Published: July 2019

A single-layer nanoporous graphene membrane functionalized with CO2-phillic polymers shows extremely fast, selective CO2 transport.
Energy harvesting and wireless power transmission by a hybridized electromagnetic–triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Chen Yandong , Cheng Yu , Jie Yang , Cao Xia , Wang Ning , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: July 2019

A rotating-disk-based hybridized electromagnetic–triboelectric nanogenerator exhibits a much better charging performance and provides a better platform for WPT.
Beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate decreases muscle protein degradation via increased Akt/FoxO3a signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis in weanling piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge
Authors: Duan Yehui , Zheng Changbing , Zhong Yinzhao , Song Bo , Yan Zhaoming , Kong Xiangfeng , Deng Jinping , Li Fengna , Yin Yulong
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced muscle atrophy and to investigate the mechanisms involved.
Gut microbiota might be a crucial factor in deciphering the metabolic benefits of perinatal genistein consumption in dams and adult female offspring
Authors: Zhou Liyuan , Xiao Xinhua , Zhang Qian , Zheng Jia , Li Ming , Wang Xiaojing , Deng Mingqun , Zhai Xiao , Liu Jieying
Published: July 2019

Perinatal genistein intake mitigated the harmful effects of high-fat diet on metabolism in both dams and female offspring, and the protective effects were associated with the alterations in gut microbiota.
Direct electroplating of Ag nanowires using superionic conductors
Authors: Guo Zeliang , Zhao Yusen , Sun Shipeng , Wu Hui
Published: July 2019

Solid electrolytes can be applied in the metal electrodeposition industry.
Stability and characterization of the structure II binary clathrate hydrate of the refrigerant trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene + methane
Authors: Nemoto Kotaro , Ikeda Takumi , Mori Hiroyuki , Alavi Saman , Takeya Satoshi , Ohmura Ryo
Published: July 2019

A new clathrate hydrate formed with trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and methane was characterized by phase equilibrium and PXRD measurements and MD simulations.
CFx primary batteries based on fluorinated carbon nanocages
Authors: Sosunov Aleksei V. , Ziolkowska Dominika A. , Ponomarev Roman S. , Henner Victor K. , Karki Bhupendra , Smith Nathan , Sumanasekera Gamini , Jasinski Jacek B.
Published: July 2019

The material with the fluorination level of x = 0.98 reaches the specific capacity of 850 mA h g−1, i.e., its theoretical value.
Bromine polycondensation in pristine and fluorinated graphitic carbons
Authors: Sedelnikova Olga V. , Ewels Christopher P. , Pinakov Dmitry V. , Chekhova Galina N. , Flahaut Emmanuel , Okotrub Alexander V. , Bulusheva Lyubov G.
Published: July 2019

We reveal two distinct intercalated bromine species and propose bromination mechanisms of fluorinated carbons depending on the fluorination level.
Tunable thermal transport in a WS2monolayer with isotopic doping and fractal structure
Authors: Han Dan , Ding Wenyang , Wang Xinyu , Cheng Lin
Published: July 2019

Tunable thermal transport in a WS2monolayer with isotopic doping and Sierpinski Carpet fractal structure is investigated using molecular dynamics simulation.
Challenges and recent advancements of functionalization of two-dimensional nanostructured molybdenum trioxide and dichalcogenides
Authors: Wei Zihan , Zhuiykov Serge
Published: July 2019

Approach for the functionalization of two-dimensional molybdenum trioxide and chalcogenides.
Fractography of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel networks crosslinked with mechanofluorophores using confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Stratigaki Maria , Baumann Christoph , van Breemen Lambert C. A. , Heuts Johan P. A. , Sijbesma Rint P. , Göstl Robert
Published: July 2019

Employing mechanofluorophores in polymer fractography to obtain new information on force-induced events when analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
Synthesis, functionalization, and isolation of planar-chiral pillar[5]arenes with bulky substituents using a chiral derivatization agent
Authors: Al-Azemi Talal F. , Vinodh Mickey , Alipour Fatemeh H. , Mohamod Abdirahman A.
Published: July 2019

Bulky perneopentyloxy-pillar[5]arene was synthesized. Complexation behavior and conformational mobility were investigated using1H NMR spectroscopy. Isolation of planar-chiral pillar[5]arenes using a chiral derivatization agent were carried out.
Effects of wall velocity slip on droplet generation in microfluidic T-junctions
Authors: Li Xinlong , He Liqun , Lv Song , Xu Chi , Qian Peng , Xie Fubo , Liu Minghou
Published: July 2019

Wall velocity slip can significantly affect droplet generation in droplet-based microfluidics.
Computational assessments of diastereoselective [4+2] cycloaddition and 1,3-borotopic shift of a dearomatized tertiary boronic ester intermediate: reactivities explained through transition-state distortion energies
Authors: Hussein Aqeel A. , Almalki Faisal A. , Alqahtani Alaa M. , Shityakov Sergey
Published: July 2019

Interception of dearomatized tertiary boronic ester in a diastereoselective [4+2] cycloaddition or 1,3-borotopic shift in the presence or absence of “naked” Li+, understanding reactivities by activation/strain model, were evaluated by DFT calculations.
From kirigami to three-dimensional paper-based micro-analytical device: cut-and-paste fabrication and mobile app quantitation
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Zhang Lishen , Li Xiaochun , Zhang Xiaoliang , Yu Hua-Zhong
Published: July 2019

The ancient papercutting art (kirigami) inspired a novel cut-and-paste protocol to fabricate paper-based micro-analytical devices for on-site quantitative assays.
Design and fabrication of polypyrrole/expanded graphite 3D interlayer nanohybrids towards high capacitive performance
Authors: Wang Jue , Fu Dong , Ren Binqiao , Yu Ping , Zhang Xiaochen , Zhang Weijun , Kan Kan
Published: July 2019

Polypyrrole/expanded graphite nanohybrids with a hierarchical structure were synthesized as electrode materials, and showed outstanding energy storage performance.
Modulation of the electronic property of hydrogenated 2D tetragonal Ge by applying external strain
Authors: Xu Chunyan , Zhang Jing , Guo Ming , Wang Lingrui
Published: July 2019

α- and β-GeH are semiconductors with direct band gap of 0.953 eV and indirect gap of 2.616 eV, respectively. Direct band gap of α-GeH reduces from 2.008 to 0.036 eV as strain increase from −7 to 7%, indirect band gap of β-GeH is changed slightly.
Blisters on graphite surface: a scanning microwave microscopy investigation
Authors: Pavoni Eleonora , Yivlialin Rossella , Hardly Joseph Christopher , Fabi Gianluca , Mencarelli Davide , Pierantoni Luca , Bussetti Gianlorenzo , Farina Marco
Published: July 2019

Blisters formed on an electrochemically treated HOPG are investigated by Scanning Microwave Microscopy that allows a spectroscopic and sub-surface characterization.
Total synthesis of the plant alkaloid racemic microthecaline A: first example of a natural product bearing a tricyclic quinoline-serrulatane scaffold
Authors: Penjarla Thirupathi Reddy , Kundarapu Maheshwar , Baquer Syed Mohd. , Bhattacharya Anupam
Published: July 2019

First total synthesis of quinoline-serrulatane alkaloid microthecaline A.
Intramolecular azavinyl carbene-triggered rearrangement of furans
Authors: Makarov Anton S. , Uchuskin Maxim G. , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: July 2019

Rhodium-catalyzed decomposition of furyl-tethered 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles was demonstrated to have high synthetic potential for the synthesis of densely substituted heterocyclic frameworks.
Low-order many-body interactions determine the local structure of liquid water
Authors: Riera Marc , Lambros Eleftherios , Nguyen Thuong T. , Götz Andreas W. , Paesani Francesco
Published: July 2019

Two-body and three-body energies, modulated by higher-body terms and nuclear quantum effects, determine the structure of liquid water and require sub-chemical accuracy that is achieved by the MB-pol model but not by existing DFT functionals.
Dynamic clustering and re-dispersion in concentrated colloid-active gel composites
Authors: Foffano G. , Lintuvuori J. S. , Stratford K. , Cates M. E. , Marenduzzo D.
Published: July 2019

We simulate the dynamics of concentrated colloidal suspensions in active gels. Activity can both aggregate particles or redisperse them.
Layered (NH4)2V6O16·1.5H2O nanobelts as a high-performance cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xiao , Xi Baojuan , Feng Zhenyu , Chen Weihua , Li Haibo , Jia Yuxi , Feng Jinkui , Qian Yitai , Xiong Shenglin
Published: July 2019

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries have shown great potential for grid-scale applications owing to their high safety, low cost and sustainability.
Magnetic domain-wall induced ferroelectric polarization in rare-earth orthoferrites AFeO3 (A = Lu, Y, Gd): first-principles calculations
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Sun Wei , Zhang Guangbiao , Cheng Zhenxiang , Wang Yuanxu
Published: July 2019

The spin-induced ferroelectric polarization at magnetic domain walls is dependent on the A-site ionic radius of AFeO3.
Role of prolyl hydroxylation in the molecular interactions of collagens
Authors: Rappu Pekka , Salo Antti M. , Myllyharju Johanna , Heino Jyrki
Published: July 2019

Co- and post-translational hydroxylation of proline residues is critical for the stability of the triple helical collagen structure. In this review, we summarise the biology of collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases and collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylases, the enzymes responsible for proline hydroxylation. Furthermore, we describe the potential roles of hydroxyproline residues in the complex interplay between collagens and other proteins, especially integrin and discoidin domain receptor type cell adhesion receptors. Qualitative and quantitative regulation of collagen hydroxylation may have remarkable effects on the properties of the extracellular matrix and consequently on the cell behaviour.
Ethical Considerations for Client-Centered Telepractice
Authors: Cohn Ellen R. , Cason Jana
Published: July 2019

Purpose

This article addresses the ethical conduct of client-centered telepractice, with the following purposes: to define ethical communication, to describe state licensure requirements for practicing clinicians, and to provide examples of lawful and unlawful telepractice.

Conclusions

The hypothetical scenarios presented in this article employed examples from telespeech; however, the guiding ethical principles are similarly relevant to tele-audiology service delivery. The driving force for telepractice is to improve the quality of life of clients with communication disorders.
Defining connection requirements for autonomous power systems
Authors: Beires Pedro P. , Moreira Carlos L. , Lopes João Peças , Figueira Agostinho G.
Published: July 2019

This study presents a conceptual model addressing the establishment of connection requirements for power‐converter‐interfaced renewable generation in islanded power systems. The replacement of fossil‐fuel generation by time‐variable renewable sources implies important changes in the system operation philosophy with respect the dynamic security resulting from the proliferation of power electronic interfaced units and reduction of regulation capacity existing in conventional units. Taking into consideration such an environment, this work focuses on the Madeira Island study case, which is facing a tremendous challenge regarding medium‐term plans for renewables integration that lead to operational scenarios with 100% of power infeed from renewables in a system characterised by a diversity of resources. The requirements for the future renewable generation systems were identified via extensive dynamic simulations of large disturbances performed in those operating scenarios.
Wide aperture image processing and analysis for BSAR with GNSS transmitters
Authors: Zhang Lingzhi , Li Ke , Liu Feifeng , Hu Cheng
Published: July 2019

The spatial variance of target scattering characteristic would introduce severe impact on the imaging results under the wide aperture for bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BSAR) with navigation satellites. If the isotropic point scattering mechanisms are adopted in image formation processing, the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the image will decrease in such case. Therefore, it is necessary to study the corresponding compensation processing to improve the image SNR. This study proposes an adaptive imaging algorithm to compensate for the spatial variance caused by the target scattering in wide aperture of the system. By using experimental equipment of the research group, the echo data of 1600 s from the scene was collected and processed. Comparing strong scattering area imaging results before and after adaptive phase compensation, the focusing performance is improved. Also thus, the feasibility of wide aperture BSAR imaging based on navigation satellite was verified preliminarily.
Non‐uniform phase filter for Tiangong‐2 Interferometric Imaging Radar Altimeter
Authors: Dong Xiao , Zhang Yunhua
Published: July 2019

The interferometric imaging radar altimeter (InIRA) on‐board Chinese Tiangong‐2 space laboratory is a Ku‐band interferometric radar whose major aim is to measure the wide‐swath ocean topography. Unlike traditional interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) aiming at measuring digital elevation model of land surface, Tiangong‐2 InIRA adopts small incidence angles and short baseline to get strong and high coherency reflections from ocean surface. The interferometric phase noise is a notable source of errors which limits the accuracy of the ocean height measurements. Compared with traditional InSAR, the height error of Tiangong‐2 InIRA shows different distribution pattern due to the absolutely small but relatively large variation incidence angles. This study gives a filtering method for interferometric phase generated with small incidence angles and short baseline. Non‐uniform windows are selected according to the relation between the coherence, imaging geometry, and the height variation. Results on Tiangong‐2 InIRA data are analysed by comparing the non‐uniform filtering method with traditional multi‐looking method.
Die Therapie des akuten Leberversagens – alte Mythen und neue Trends
Authors: Rifaie Nadja , Saner Fuat H.
Published: July 2019

Was ist neu?

Diagnosestellung Es ist von entscheidender therapeutischer und diagnostischer Konsequenz zwischen einem echten akuten Leberversagen und einer akuten Dekompensation einer chronischen Lebererkrankung mit oder ohne Organausfall zu unterscheiden.

Therapie Ungeachtet des klinischen Eindrucks gehört ein Patient mit akutem Leberversagen zunächst auf die Intensivstation. Sofern möglich, ist eine kausale Therapie durchzuführen. Bisher existiert kein funktionierendes Leberersatzverfahren. Plasmapherese kann nützlich sein.

Gerinnungsstörung Untersuchungen der letzten Jahre zeigen, dass beim ALV eher eine Thromboseneigung als die bisher vermutete Koagulopathie besteht.

Enzephalopathie und Hirnödem Die Enzephalopathie und ein potenziell letales Hirnödem spielen eine entscheidende Rolle für die Prognose.

Transplantation Bei akutem Leberversagen wird zunehmend weniger transplantiert. Dies liegt am ehesten am Fortschritt in der intensivmedizinischen Therapie.
Therapie des Diabetes mellitus bei chronischer Nierenerkrankung
Authors: Bojunga Jörg , Mondorf Antonia
Published: July 2019

Was ist neu?

Pathophysiologie, Besonderheiten bei Diagnose und Therapiezielen Eine eingeschränkte Nierenfunktion wirkt sich nicht nur auf die Clearance exogen zugeführten Insulins und die Ausscheidung von Medikamenten aus, sondern auch auf diagnostische Verfahren wie die Bestimmung des HbA1c. Eine adäquate Blutzuckerselbstkontrolle ist daher für Patienten mit Diabetes und chronischer Nierenerkrankung (CKD, chronic kidney disease) besonders wichtig. Diabetiker mit CKD haben zudem ein deutlich höheres Risiko für Hypoglykämie als Diabetiker mit normaler Nierenfunktion.

Pharmakologie und Zulassung von Antidiabetika bei eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion Viele Antidiabetika müssen bei CKD entsprechend der glomerulären Filtrationsrate (GFR) dosisangepasst werden oder sollten nicht bei vorliegender oder fortschreitender CKD verwendet werden, insbesondere bei Patienten mit einer CKD G5 und bei Dialysepatienten. Eine Insulintherapie ist für Patienten geeignet, die sich einer Dialyse unterziehen. Bei diesen Patienten können jedoch auch einige oral verabreichte glukosesenkende Mittel sicher eingesetzt werden.

Auswahl der Präparate und praktisches Vorgehen Entsprechend der europäischen Konsensus- und deutschen Praxisempfehlungen sollte bei Patienten mit CKD eine individualisierte Diabetestherapie erfolgen, die auch Komorbiditäten, wie z. B. kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen und Übergewicht, berücksichtigt.
Prävention der „Kontrastmittel-induzierten“ Nephropathie – was ist zu beachten?
Authors: Weidenbusch Marc , Wörnle Markus , Kazmierczak Philipp , Ricke Jens , Fischereder Michael
Published: July 2019

Was ist neu?

Kontrastmittel-induzierte vs. Kontrastmittel-assoziierte Nephropathie Seit neuere jodhaltige, nicht ionische Kontrastmittel (KM) angewendet werden, kommt es seltener zu akuten Nierenschädigungen (acute kidney injury, AKI) nach KM-Gabe. In aktuellen großen retrospektiven Analysen (in Summe > 100 000 Patienten) gibt es bei stationären Patienten mit CT-Untersuchung keine erhöhte Rate an AKI, wenn KM verabreicht wurde (vs. keine KM-Gabe). Nach intraarterieller KM-Gabe kommt es häufiger zu AKI als bei venöser KM-Gabe – hier spielen Cholesterinembolien durch Katheter-Manipulation eine Rolle. Der Begriff „Kontrastmittel-assoziierte Nierenschädigung“ (contrast-associated AKI, CA-AKI) ist daher bei multifaktorieller Pathogenese besser geeignet.

Maßnahmen bei intravenöser Kontrastmittelapplikation Die AMACING-Studie hat prospektiv die Volumengabe bei KM-Gabe zur Verhinderung von CA-AKI untersucht. Während die Volumengabe keinen Effekt auf die CA-AKI-Rate hatte, führte sie zu einer signifikant höheren Rate an akuter Herzinsuffizienz. Die „Vorwässerung“ vor KM-CT-Untersuchung kann daher zu einer Patientengefährdung durch die Volumenbelastung und zu einer Verzögerung wichtiger (Notfall-) Diagnostik führen – hier sollte die bisherige Praxis kritisch diskutiert und möglicherweise angepasst werden.

Maßnahmen bei intraarterieller Kontrastmittelapplikation Die PRESERVE-Studie hat prospektiv Volumengabe und N-Acetylcystein (ACC) bei i. a. KM-Gabe zur Verhinderung von CA-AKI untersucht. ACC zeigte keinen Nutzen und sollte daher nicht angewendet werden. Die Studie enthielt keine Gruppe ohne Volumengabe – verglichen wurden NaCl-Lösung und Bikarbonatlösung. Die in beiden Gruppen niedrige Rate an CA-AKI (< 5 % trotz Risikokollektiv) kann dafür sprechen, dass die Volumensubstitution bei i. a. KM-Gabe bei Risikopatienten die CA-AKI-Rate reduziert – bis zur Verfügbarkeit besserer Daten empfehlen wir daher die Volumengabe nach PRESERVE-Schema in diesem Kollektiv. Die Auswahl zwischen NaCl- und Bikarbonatlösung kann pragmatisch vom Säure-Basen-Haushalt abhängig erfolgen.

Management bei Auftreten eines AKI nach KM-Gabe Neue Daten zeigen die Auswirkungen selbst kleinster Kreatinin-Anstiege (+ 0,3 mg/dl) auf Krankenhausverweildauer und Letalität. Adäquate und zeitnahe AKI-Behandlung – mit oder ohne vorherige KM-Gabe! – ist daher wichtig, um das Outcome der Patienten zu verbessern. Hier ist die definitive Klärung der AKI-Genese (prä- vs. post- vs. intrarenal) wichtig, um die weitere Therapie zu steuern. Dazu bietet sich das primär interdisziplinäre Vorgehen mit Einbeziehung eines Nephrologen an.
Neonatal Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Tognato Eleonora , Perona Anna , Aronica Angela , Bertola Antonella , Cimminelli Lina , De Vecchi Simona , Eshraghy Mohammad Reza , Loperfido Bruna , Vivenza Claudia , Manzoni Paolo
Published: July 2019

Objective The Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue resulting from pathogenic variants of the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) with skeletal, cardiac, and ocular involvement.

Study Design We report on a full-term male neonate, who showed at birth characteristics and dysmorphisms suggestive of nMFS, combined with the detection of severe cardiovascular disease. A multidisciplinary team made up of neonatologists and pediatricians, cardiologists, geneticists, ophtalmologists, physiatrists and physioterapists was formed to manage this patient.

Results and Conclusion Early diagnosis of this rare condition is critical for adequate treatment and specific follow-up, and impacts significantly on prognosis.
Restricted Palivizumab Recommendations and the Impact on RSV Hospitalizations among Infants Born at > 29 Weeks of Gestational Age: An Italian Multicenter Study
Authors: Priante Elena , Tavella Elena , Girardi Elisa , Militello Maria Angela , Mardegan Veronica , Maule Milena M. , Dall'Agnola Alberto , Baraldi Eugenio , Manzoni Paolo
Published: July 2019

Objective Premature infants have the highest risk of being hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. Palivizumab is the only licensed agent for RSVhospitalization (RSVH) prophylaxis in infants born at < 35 weeks of gestational age (wGA). In 2016, the Italian Drug Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco [AIFA]) has restricted the eligibility for reimbursement to infants at high risk of RSVH, ruling out palivizumab administration for infants born at > 29 wGA. The aim of the present study was to compare the incidence of RSVH in two consecutive epidemic seasons (2015–2016 vs. 2016–2017), that is, before and after the new AIFA recommendations on palivizumab eligibility.

Study Design This was a noninterventional retrospective cohort study conducted at three neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in northern Italy. Infants born at 29 and 35 wGA between March 15, 2015 and March 14, 2017 were enrolled for this study. Electronic medical charts were reviewed and parents were interviewed by telephone. Data were collected on neonatal course during NICU stay, palivizumab administration, and hospitalizations related to respiratory infections during the 1st year of life, comparing the infants born in season 1 with season 2.

Results Of 632 eligible infants, data were available for 536 (262 in season 1 and 274 in season 2). Overall, RSVH occurred 1.9 and 5.1% in infants in seasons 1 and 2, respectively (odds ratio [OR] = 2.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–7.8, p = 0.045). When the analysis was limited to patients not exposed to palivizumab, RSVHs were recorded for 1.8 and 5.9% infants in seasons 1 and 2, respectively (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 0.96–12.20, p = 0.045). It is noteworthy that the incidence of hospital admissions for respiratory viruses other than RSV did not differ between the two seasons.

Conclusion Restricting eligibility for palivizumab reimbursement led to a significant increase in RSVH but had no impact on hospitalizations for other respiratory viruses. Future decisions on palivizumab prescription and coverage rules should be driven by a careful assessment of the cost-benefit ratio.
Use of Zoledronic Acid in a Neonate with Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis Complicated with Severe, Refractory Hypercalcemia
Authors: Militello Maria Angela , Re Maria Paola , Vitaliti Giuliana , Finazzo Francesca , Manzoni Paolo , Vitaliti Salvino Marcello
Published: July 2019

Objective Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) is a rare condition that may occur in the neonatal period. SCFN is an inflammatory disorder of the adipose tissue, usually found in full-term healthy infants who have a history of intrauterine or perinatal distress. It is usually a self-limited condition; however, in some cases, it can get complicated, leading to severe hypercalcemia that may be life-threatening.

Study Design We report and describe a classic presentation of SCFN that led to severe hypercalcemia refractory to standard treatment. The diagnosis of SCFN was made based on the finding of subcutaneous nodules and of hypercalcemia. The serum calcium level reached 16.6 mg/dL. Hypercalcemia was treated first with intravenous infusions of fluids and furosemide and then of methylprednisolone. This standard treatment was not effective; therefore, we administered a single low dose of zoledronic acid, which, in turn, was efficacious in ultimately managing the hypercalcemia.

Conclusion Our case shows how a single low dose of zoledronic acid was safe and effective in managing severe hypercalcemia unresponsive to conventional treatment while minimizing the risk of hypocalcemic rebounds.
Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: Myths and Facts
Authors: Yun Ki Wook , Wallihan Rebecca , Juergensen Alexis , Mejias Asuncion , Ramilo Octavio
Published: July 2019

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death in children < 5 years of age worldwide. It is also one of the most frequent infectious diseases in children, leading to large antibiotic use and hospitalization even in the industrialized countries. However, the optimal management of CAP in children is still not well defined. Currently, respiratory viruses are considered the most frequent etiologic agents, but detection of viruses in the upper respiratory tract does not guarantee causation of pneumonia, nor precludes the presence of a bacterial pathogen. In both the upper and lower respiratory tract, respiratory viruses and pathogenic bacteria interact. Emerging evidence indicates that dual viral–bacterial infections function synergistically in many cases and together likely enhance the severity of CAP. Therefore, new and advanced technologies capable of sensitively and specifically discriminating viral, bacterial, and viral–bacterial coinfections are needed. Instead of focusing on the pathogen, analysis of host immune transcriptome profiles from children with CAP can potentially offer diagnostic signatures, help to assess disease severity, and eventually, prognostic indicators. An optimized management strategy by using molecular pathogen testing and transcriptome profiling will facilitate prompt, more appropriate, and targeted therapies, which in turn will lead to improved clinical outcomes in children with CAP.
Recent Trends in RSV Immunoprophylaxis: Clinical Implications for the Infant
Authors: Acero-Bedoya Santiago , Wozniak Phillip S. , Sánchez Pablo J. , Ramilo Octavio , Mejias Asuncion
Published: July 2019

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains the leading cause for hospitalizations in infants worldwide, resulting in significant health and financial burden. Since 1998, the humanized monoclonal antibody palivizumab remains the only available option licensed for the prevention of severe RSV disease in high-risk children, namely premature infants and those with chronic lung disease and congenital heart disease. In 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics modified the recommendations on the use of RSV prophylaxis in these high-risk children, and limited its use to premature infants born at < 28 weeks' gestational age (wGA). Following this last guidance update, studies have confirmed that premature infants of 29 to 34 wGA remain at high risk for severe RSV disease, especially those of younger chronologic age. New and more cost-effective strategies are being developed that would help alleviate both the health and financial burden associated with severe RSV disease.
Trans-oral, Carbon Dioxide-Assisted Excision of an Unusual Schwannoma of the Tongue Base: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Soliman Zakaria Raee , Mobashir Mohammad Kamal , Askar Sherif Mohammad
Published: July 2019

Introduction Schwannomas are benign, solitary, encapsulated tumors that may originate at any site of the peripheral nervous system, with the exception of the olfactory and optic nerves. Schwannomas of the base of tongue are very rare, and only sporadic cases are documented. The tongue base represents a challenge for surgeons. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser might provide an effective surgical option for such lesions because of the easy access to the lesion, the bloodless surgical field and optimum epithelization of wounds.

Objective We present an unusual case of pedunculated schwannoma of the tongue base treated via transoral CO2-assisted excision. We also provide a review of the available literature, in English language, on humans.

Data synthesis The authors searched the PubMed database and Google up to July 2018. The following search terms were applied: tongue and lingual, combined with schwannoma and neurilemmoma. Titles and abstracts were screened, and, then, only supraglottic (hypopharyngeal) tongue base masses were considered. Fourteen articles were included in this review, reporting 17 cases. The age of the patients ranged from 9 to 39 years, affecting predominantly females. Dysphagia and lump sensations were the most common presenting symptoms, and the mean follow-up period range was 1.5 to 60 months (mean = 13 months). There was no evidence of recurrence in any of the cases.

Conclusion We could conclude that tongue base schwannomas are rare. Transoral complete excision of the tumor is the treatment of choice. CO2 laser surgery is a minimally invasive treatment option that has been performed in few reports with no recurrence and with favorable outcomes.
Chorioamnionitis and Infectious Complications after Vaginal Delivery
Authors: DeNoble Anna E. , Heine R. Phillips , Dotters-Katz Sarah K.
Published: July 2019

Objective To estimate the incidence of and define risk factors for postpartum infectious complications after vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) complicated by chorioamnionitis.

Study Design A secondary analysis of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit Cesarean Registry was performed. The primary outcome was a composite of postpartum infection: endometritis, sepsis, pelvic abscess, urinary tract infection, necrotizing fasciitis, and septic pelvic thrombophlebitis. Peripartum predictors were compared using parametric and nonparametric tests, as appropriate, and multivariate predictors assessed using logistic regression.

Results A total of 559 subjects had chorioamnionitis in labor and a successful VBAC. Twenty-four (4.3%) subjects experienced the primary outcome, mainly due to endometritis (19/24). Significant factors included preterm delivery <32 weeks (odds ratio [OR]: 3.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32–7.06) and body mass index (BMI) ≥40 (OR: 4.63, 95% CI: 1.25–17.14). Receipt of postpartum antibiotics was protective against postpartum infection (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.12–0.65). In multivariate analysis, preterm delivery <32 weeks, BMI ≥40, and receipt of postpartum antibiotics remained associated with postpartum infection.

Conclusion Nearly 5% of women with chorioamnionitis had a postpartum infectious complication after vaginal delivery, with higher rates in those delivering at <32 weeks and with prepregnancy BMI ≥40. Receipt of postpartum antibiotics decreased the odds of postpartum infection markedly.
MRI Study on the Distance between the Distal Radius and the Flexor and Extensor Tendons: Is There Any Room for Error/Hardware?
Authors: Bergsma Minke , Board Jemara , Doornberg Job N. , Sierevelt Inger , Rickman Mark , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , Obdeijn Miryam C.
Published: July 2019

Purpose This study aims to quantify the distances between the cortex of the distal radius and flexor and extensor tendons.

Methods We analyzed 50 magnetic resonance images (MRI) of intact wrist without pathology. The distances between the volar cortex and the flexor pollicis longs (FPL), index flexor digitorum profunduns (FDPi), flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) were measured at the level of the watershed line and 3- and 6-mm proximal to this level. The distances between the dorsal cortex and the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL), extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), extensor pollicis longus (EPL), extensor indicis proprius (EIP), and the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) were measured at the level of Lister's tubercle and 5-mm distal to this level. Analysis was descriptive.

Results At the watershed line, the FPL, FDPi, FDP, and FDS were located at an average of 3.1, 2.4, 3.6, and 5.1 mm, respectively, volar to the volar cortex. The distances of the FDP and FDS increased at 3-mm proximal to the watershed line and increased for all four tendons at 6-mm proximal to the watershed line. Dorsally, at Listers' tubercle the ECRL, ECRB, EPL, EIP, and EDC were identified at an average of 0.7, 0.5, 0.5, 2.6, and 3.2 mm, respectively, dorsal to the dorsal cortex of the distal radius. At 5-mm more distal, these tendons were located on average 1.2, 1.0, 0.7, 1.9, and 1.8 mm, respectively, dorsal to the dorsal cortex.

Conclusion On the volar side, on average there is enough room for a volar plate when staying proximal to the watershed line. On the dorsal side, there is virtually no room for protruding screws as physical anatomical space is limited to a maximum of 0.7 mm from cortex to the closest tendon (the FDP), with screw increments being 2 mm.

Level of Evidence This is a Level II Study.
Disfluency in relay and non-relay simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Song Shuxian , Cheung Andrew K. F.
Published: July 2019

This corpus-based study explores the effects of relay interpreting at meetings of the United Nations General
Assembly by comparing features of disfluency between the outputs of relay and non-relay simultaneous interpreting (SI). The
findings are as follows: (1) the output of relay interpreting is shorter and more dispersive than that of non-relay interpreting;
(2) filled pauses are the most common type of disfluency; and (3) the relay SI output shows fewer lexical and phonetic E-repairs
and more A-repairs for ambiguity, syntactic E-repairs, and D-repairs than the non-relay output. The results suggest that the use
of relay vs. non-relay interpreting may affect interpreters’ output.
CDK2 regulates the NRF1/Ehmt1 axis during meiotic prophase I
Authors: Palmer Nathan , Talib S. Zakiah A. , Ratnacaram Chandrahas Koumar , Low Diana , Bisteau Xavier , Lee Joanna Hui Si , Pfeiffenberger Elisabeth , Wollmann Heike , Tan Joel Heng Loong , Wee Sheena , Sobota Radoslaw , Gunaratne Jayantha , Messerschmidt Daniel M. , Guccione Ernesto , Kaldis Philipp
Published: July 2019

Meiosis generates four genetically distinct haploid gametes over the course of two reductional cell divisions. Meiotic divisions are characterized by the coordinated deposition and removal of various epigenetic marks. Here we propose that nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) regulates transcription of euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) to ensure normal patterns of H3K9 methylation during meiotic prophase I. We demonstrate that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK2) can bind to the promoters of a number of genes in male germ cells including that of Ehmt1 through interaction with the NRF1 transcription factor. Our data indicate that CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NRF1 can occur at two distinct serine residues and negatively regulates NRF1 DNA binding activity in vitro. Furthermore, induced deletion of Cdk2 in spermatocytes results in increased expression of many NRF1 target genes including Ehmt1. We hypothesize that the regulation of NRF1 transcriptional activity by CDK2 may allow the modulation of Ehmt1 expression, therefore controlling the dynamic methylation of H3K9 during meiotic prophase.
CSF-1 controls cerebellar microglia and is required for motor function and social interaction
Authors: Kana Veronika , Desland Fiona A. , Casanova-Acebes Maria , Ayata Pinar , Badimon Ana , Nabel Elisa , Yamamuro Kazuhiko , Sneeboer Marjolein , Tan I-Li , Flanigan Meghan E. , Rose Samuel A. , Chang Christie , Leader Andrew , Le Bourhis Hortense , Sweet Eric S. , Tung Navpreet , Wroblewska Aleksandra , Lavin Yonit , See Peter , Baccarini Alessia , Ginhoux Florent , Chitu Violeta , Stanley E. Richard , Russo Scott J. , Yue Zhenyu , Brown Brian D. , Joyner Alexandra L. , De Witte Lotje D. , Morishita Hirofumi , Schaefer Anne , Merad Miriam
Published: July 2019

Microglia, the brain resident macrophages, critically shape forebrain neuronal circuits. However, their precise function in the cerebellum is unknown. Here we show that human and mouse cerebellar microglia express a unique molecular program distinct from forebrain microglia. Cerebellar microglial identity was driven by the CSF-1R ligand CSF-1, independently of the alternate CSF-1R ligand, IL-34. Accordingly, CSF-1 depletion from Nestin+ cells led to severe depletion and transcriptional alterations of cerebellar microglia, while microglia in the forebrain remained intact. Strikingly, CSF-1 deficiency and alteration of cerebellar microglia were associated with reduced Purkinje cells, altered neuronal function, and defects in motor learning and social novelty interactions. These findings reveal a novel CSF-1–CSF-1R signaling-mediated mechanism that contributes to motor function and social behavior.
Collectivity in small and large collision systems at the LHC with ALICE
Authors: Gajdošová Katarína Křížková
Published: July 2019

Interactions of protons (pp) or of a proton with a lead nucleus (p–Pb) were not expected to form a deconfined hot and dense matter, called the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), which is instead produced in heavy-ion collisions. However, high-multiplicity events in small collision systems exhibit signs of collectivity, which are understood as a signature of the QGP emergence in heavy-ion collisions. An excellent tool to probe the presence of collectivity is the anisotropic flow measured with two- and multi-particle cumulants. In these proceedings, we present the first measurement of flow coefficients and their magnitude correlations using symmetric cumulants for charged particles in pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies of

s

=
13

TeV

, p–Pb at

S

N
N

=
5.02

TeV

, Xe–Xe at

S

N
N

=
5.44

TeV

and Pb–Pb collisions at

S

N
N

=
5.02

TeV

, collected during the LHC Run 2 programme. In addition, the flow coefficients of identified particles in p–Pb collisions are shown. Such a broad spectrum of colliding systems with different energies and a wide range of multiplicity allows for a detailed investigation of their collision dynamics. Non-flow effects, which are azimuthal correlations not originating from a common symmetry plane, are suppressed with the pseudorapidity separation and the subtraction method. These results provide an important insight into the nature of collective phenomena in different collision systems.
Composite Models on a safe road to the Planck scale
Authors: Cacciapaglia Giacomo , Ma Teng , Wu Yongcheng
Published: July 2019

We present the first serious attempt to define a model of composite pseudo-NambuGoldstone Higgs with partial compositeness for all standard fermions that is valid up to the Planck scale. The main ingredient is the presence of a large multiplicity of fermions in the microscopic gauge-fermion description, which allows us to use large-Nf
techniques to show the presence of an interactive UV fixed point for the gauge couplings (UV safety). We also present results for the Dark Matter relic density and direct detection in the example model that is UV-completed.
Dark matter, collider searches and the early Universe
Authors: Mahmoudi Farvah
Published: July 2019

Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) represents one of the earliest phenomena which can lead to observational constraints on the early Universe properties. Yet, it is well-known that many important mechanisms and phase transitions occurred before BBN. We will discuss the possibility to gain insight about the primordial Universe through studies of dark matter in cosmology, astroparticle physics and colliders. For this purpose we consider that dark matter is a thermal relic, and show that combining collider searches with dark matter observables can lead to strong constraints on the cosmological freeze-out period.
MAGIC - how MAtter’s extreme phases can be revealed in Gravitational wave observations and in relativistic heavy Ion Collision experiments
Authors: Hanauske Matthias , Bovard Luke , Steinheimer Jan , Motornenko Anton , Vovchenko Volodymyr , Schramm Stefan , Dexheimer Veronica , Papenfort Jens , Most Elias R. , Stöcker Horst
Published: July 2019

Nearly one hundred years after Albert Einstein developed the field equations of general relativity and predicted the existence of gravitational waves, a gravitational wave event from a binary neutron star merger (GW170817) was detected in August 2017 by the LIGO/VIRGO collaboration. During the thereon analysis of the gravitational wave data, the equation of state of elementary matter could be constrained in the regime of high densities/temperatures. Recent simulations show, that the appearance of a hadron to quark phase transition in the interior region of a hybrid star merger remnant might change the overall properties of the merger event and could be detectable in future. On the one hand, 4D-simulations of binary neutron star mergers show that these astrophysical systems represent optimal laboratories to investigate the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics. On the other hand, accelerators like the FAIR facility at GSI Helmholtzzentrum allow one to study the properties of the quark-gluon plasma produced in relativistic collisions of heavy ions. This article combines a survey of recent advancements in two rather distinct fields, which reveal - on first sight - a surprising similarity of both, namely relativistic collisions of nuclei and of neutron star mergers.
Detecting opioid metabolites in exhaled breath condensate (EBC)
Authors: Borras Eva , Cheng Andy , Wun Ted , Reese Kristen L , Frank Matthias , Schivo Michael , Davis Cristina E
Published: July 2019

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection provides a promising matrix for bioanalysis of endogenous biomarkers of health and also for exogenous compounds like drugs. There is little information regarding drugs and their metabolites contained in breath, as well as their pharmacokinetics. In this present work, we use a simple and non-invasive technique to collect EBC from chronic pain patients using different analgesic opioid drugs to manage pain. Six patients received continuous infusion of morphine and hydromorphone intravenously (IV), together with other analgesic drugs (IV and orally). Repeated sampling of serum and EBC was done at two time points separated by 90 min. The EBC was collected using a glass tube surrounded by dry ice, and an ethanol solvent wash of the glass was performed after EBC extraction to retrieve the apolar compounds stuck to the glass surface. All samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify possible metabolites present in the sample, and to quantify the drugs being used. Several metabolites, such as normorphine (norM), norhydromorphone (norHM) and dihydromorphone (diHM) were detected in both fractions, while hydromorphone 3-glucuronide (HM 3G) was only detected in the solvent rinse fraction. Results were correlated to explain the pharmacokinetics of the main drugs administered. This pilot study presented promising correlations between drug concentrations in blood and breath at different time points for norM, norHM and HM 3G.
Social Protection for Elderly in Emergency (Case Study: Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia)
Authors: Khotimah N. , Fitriana K.N. , Pratiwi P.H.
Published: July 2019

Yogyakarta Special Region in 2012 had the highest percentage of elderly population in Indonesia (13.04%), in 2020 it is predicted to reach 14.7%, and in 2030 it will reach 19.5%. The government in Yogyakarta Special Region needs to make a responsive policy of the increase in number of elderly people, considering that the elderly with various problems faced will become vulnerable in the event of a disaster. This study aims to develop a disaster management strategy oriented to social protection for the elderly in emergency. The research focused on Yogyakarta Special Region with the main consideration that Yogyakarta Special Region has the highest proportion of elderly people in Indonesia and has various potential disasters. Data collection techniques in this study used the method of observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), and documentation studies. The data that has been collected then analyzed descriptive qualitatively. The research find that disaster management strategic for realizing social protection for the elderly in emergencies include: (1) establishing a coordination mechanism and legal framework for disaster risk reduction, (2) integrating the concept of disaster risk on all regional and resource development rules and plans, (3) improving the flow and effective ways to share information about disaster, (4) increasing public awareness of disaster impacts and risks, and (5) integrating relation between multi-stakeholder and involving the real role of community where living in disaster-prone areas. The form of participatory social services to support the realization of social protection for the elderly in an emergency condition are directed through home care services, assisting productive economic empowerment, mentoring religious activities, and mentoring psycho-emotional activities.