bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reactivity-dependent profiling of RNA 5-methylcytidine dioxygenases
Authors: Arguello A. Emilia , Li Ang , Sun Xuemeng , Eggert Tanner W. , Mairhofer Elisabeth , Kleiner Ralph E.
Published: July 2022

Epitranscriptomic RNA modifications can regulate fundamental biological processes, but we lack approaches to map modification sites and probe writer enzymes. Here we present a chemoproteomic strategy to characterize RNA 5-methylcytidine (m5C) dioxygenase enzymes in their native context based upon metabolic labeling and activity-based crosslinking with 5-ethynylcytidine (5-EC). We profile m5C dioxygenases in human cells including ALKBH1 and TET2 and show that ALKBH1 is the major hm5C- and f5C-forming enzyme in RNA. Further, we map ALKBH1 modification sites transcriptome-wide using 5-EC-iCLIP and ARP-based sequencing to identify ALKBH1-dependent m5C oxidation in a variety of tRNAs and mRNAs and analyze ALKBH1 substrate specificity in vitro. We also apply targeted pyridine borane-mediated sequencing to measure f5C sites on select tRNA. Finally, we show that f5C at the wobble position of tRNA-Leu-CAA plays a role in decoding Leu codons under stress. Our work provides powerful chemical approaches for studying RNA m5C dioxygenases and mapping oxidative m5C modifications and reveals the existence of novel epitranscriptomic pathways for regulating RNA function.
High-throughput fabrication of soft magneto-origami machines
Authors: Yi Shengzhu , Wang Liu , Chen Zhipeng , Wang Jian , Song Xingyi , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Yuanxi , Luo Qingqing , Peng Lelun , Wu Zhigang , Guo Chuan Fei , Jiang Lelun
Published: July 2022

Soft magneto-active machines capable of magnetically controllable shape-morphing and locomotion have diverse promising applications such as untethered biomedical robots. However, existing soft magneto-active machines often have simple structures with limited functionalities and do not grant high-throughput production due to the convoluted fabrication technology. Here, we propose a facile fabrication strategy that transforms 2D magnetic sheets into 3D soft magneto-active machines with customized geometries by incorporating origami folding. Based on automated roll-to-roll processing, this approach allows for the high-throughput fabrication of soft magneto-origami machines with a variety of characteristics, including large-magnitude deploying, sequential folding into predesigned shapes, and multivariant actuation modes (e.g., contraction, bending, rotation, and rolling locomotion). We leverage these abilities to demonstrate a few potential applications: an electronic robot capable of on-demand deploying and wireless charging, a mechanical 8-3 encoder, a quadruped robot for cargo-release tasks, and a magneto-origami arts/craft. Our work contributes for the high-throughput fabrication of soft magneto-active machines with multi-functionalities.
An achromatic metafiber for focusing and imaging across the entire telecommunication range
Authors: Ren Haoran , Jang Jaehyuck , Li Chenhao , Aigner Andreas , Plidschun Malte , Kim Jisoo , Rho Junsuk , Schmidt Markus A. , Maier Stefan A.
Published: July 2022

Dispersion engineering is essential to the performance of most modern optical systems including fiber-optic devices. Even though the chromatic dispersion of a meter-scale single-mode fiber used for endoscopic applications is negligible, optical lenses located on the fiber end face for optical focusing and imaging suffer from strong chromatic aberration. Here we present the design and nanoprinting of a 3D achromatic diffractive metalens on the end face of a single-mode fiber, capable of performing achromatic and polarization-insensitive focusing across the entire near-infrared telecommunication wavelength band ranging from 1.25 to 1.65 µm. This represents the whole single-mode domain of commercially used fibers. The unlocked height degree of freedom in a 3D nanopillar meta-atom largely increases the upper bound of the time-bandwidth product of an achromatic metalens up to 21.34, leading to a wide group delay modulation range spanning from −8 to 14 fs. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of our compact and flexible achromatic metafiber for fiber-optic confocal imaging, capable of creating in-focus sharp images under broadband light illumination. These results may unleash the full potential of fiber meta-optics for widespread applications including hyperspectral endoscopic imaging, femtosecond laser-assisted treatment, deep tissue imaging, wavelength-multiplexing fiber-optic communications, fiber sensing, and fiber lasers.
Palladium catalyzed radical relay for the oxidative cross-coupling of quinolines
Authors: Zhao Xiaorui , Zhu Xiaojuan , Wang Kang , Lv Junqian , Chen Shangjun , Yao Guohua , Lang Junyu , Lv Fei , Pu Yinghui , Yang Ruoou , Zhang Bingsen , Jiang Zheng , Wan Ying
Published: July 2022

Traditional approaches for transition-metal catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reactions rely on sp2-hybridized starting materials, such as aryl halides, and more specifically, homogeneous catalysts. We report a heterogeneous Pd-catalyzed radical relay method for the conversion of a heteroarene C(sp3)–H bond into ethers. Pd nanoparticles are supported on an ordered mesoporous composite which, when compared with microporous activated carbons, greatly increases the Pd d charge because of their strong interaction with N-doped anatase nanocrystals. Mechanistic studies provide evidence that electron-deficient Pd with Pd–O/N coordinations efficiently catalyzes the radical relay reaction to release diffusible methoxyl radicals, and highlight the difference between this surface reaction and C–H oxidation mediated by homogeneous catalysts that operate with cyclopalladated intermediates. The reactions proceed efficiently with a turn-over frequency of 84 h−1 and high selectivity toward ethers of >99%. Negligible Pd leaching and activity loss are observed after 7 catalytic runs.
Tibial sagittal and rotational alignment reduce patellofemoral stresses in posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Mizu-uchi Hideki , Ma Yuan , Ishibashi Shojiro , Colwell Clifford W. , Nakashima Yasuharu , D’Lima Darryl D.
Published: July 2022

Patellofemoral joint complications remain an important issue in total knee arthroplasty. We compared the patellofemoral contact status between cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized designs with varying degrees of tibial sagittal and rotational alignment using a computer simulation to ensure proper alignments in total knee arthroplasty. Knee kinematics, patellofemoral contact force and quadriceps force were computed using a musculoskeletal modeling program (LifeMOD/KneeSIM 2010; LifeModeler, Inc., San Clemente, California) during a weight-bearing deep knee bend. Two different posterior tibial slope (PTS)s (3° and 7°) and five different tibial tray rotational alignments (neutral, internal 5° and 10°, and external 5° and 10°) were simulated. Patellofemoral contact area and stresses were next computed using finite element analysis. The patellofemoral contact force for the posterior-stabilized design was substantially lower than the cruciate-retaining design after post-cam contact because of increasing femoral roll-back. Neutral rotational alignment of the tibial component resulted in smaller differences in patellofemoral contact stresses between cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized designs for PTSs of 3° or 7°. However, the patellar contact stresses in the cruciate-retaining design were greater than those in posterior-stabilized design at 120° of knee flexion with PTS of 3° combined with internal rotation of the tibial component. Our study provides biomechanical evidence implicating lower PTSs combined with internal malrotation of the tibial component and the resultant increase in patellofemoral stresses as a potential source of anterior knee pain in cruciate-retaining design.
Fluorescence and UV–visible reflectance in the fur of several Rodentia genera
Authors: Sobral Gisela , Souza-Gudinho Filipe
Published: July 2022

Mammals are generally brown in colour, but recent publications are showing that they may not be as uniform as once assumed. Monotremes, marsupials, and a handful of eutherians reflect various colours when lit with UV light, mostly purple. Because of these still scarce records, we aimed to explore UV reflectance among rodent genera, the most diverse mammalian group, and the group of eutherians with the most common records of biofluorescence. Here we report structures like nails and quills reflected green, but for most genera, it was faded. However, Hystrix, Erethizon, and Ctenomys showed intense and contrasting green glow, while Chaetomys presented a vivid orange anogenital. The main available explanation of fluorescence in mammals relies on porphyrin. This explanation applies to the cases like Chaetomys, where specimens showed anogenital orange biofluorescence, but does not apply to the green biofluorescence we observed. In our sample, because the structures that reflected green were all keratinized, we have reasons to believe that biofluorescence results from keratinization and is a structurally-based colouration. However, not all spines/quills equally biofluoresced, so we cannot rule out other explanations. Since Rodentia is the most common mammalian group with reports on biofluorescence, this trait likely serves various functions that match the species diversity of this group.
Serum RNA biomarkers for predicting survival in non-human primates following thoracic radiation
Authors: May Jared M. , Shankavaram Uma , Bylicky Michelle A. , Chopra Sunita , Scott Kevin , Martello Shannon , Thrall Karla , Axtelle Jim , Menon Naresh , Coleman C. Norman , Aryankalayil Molykutty J.
Published: July 2022

In a mass radiation exposure, the healthcare system may rely on differential expression of miRNA to determine exposure and effectively allocate resources. To this end, miRNome analysis was performed on non-human primate serum after whole thorax photon beam irradiation of 9.8 or 10.7 Gy with dose rate 600 cGy/min. Serum was collected up to 270 days after irradiation and sequenced to determine immediate and delayed effects on miRNA expression. Elastic net based GLM methods were used to develop models that predicted the dose vs. controls at 81% accuracy at Day 15. A three-group model at Day 9 achieved 71% accuracy in determining if an animal would die in less than 90 days, between 90 and 269 days, or survive the length of the study. At Day 21, we achieved 100% accuracy in determining whether an animal would later develop pleural effusion. These results demonstrate the potential ability of miRNAs to determine thorax partial-body irradiation dose and forecast survival or complications early following whole thorax irradiation in large animal models. Future experiments incorporating additional doses and independent animal cohorts are warranted to validate these results. Development of a serum miRNA assay will facilitate the administration of medical countermeasures to increase survival and limit normal tissue damage following a mass exposure.
Fecal amine metabolite analysis before onset of severe necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a prospective case–control study
Authors: Deianova N. , el Manouni el Hassani S. , Struijs E. A. , Jansen E. E. W. , Bakkali A. , van de Wiel M. A. , de Boode W. P. , Hulzebos C. V. , van Kaam A. H. , Kramer B. W. , d’Haens E. , Vijlbrief D. C. , van Weissenbruch M. M. , de Jonge W. J. , Benninga M. A. , Niemarkt H. J. , de Boer N. K. H. , de Meij T. G. J.
Published: July 2022

Infants developing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) have a different metabolomic profile compared to controls. The potential of specific metabolomics, i.e. amino acids and amino alcohols (AAA), as early diagnostic biomarkers for NEC is largely unexplored. In this multicenter prospective case–control study, longitudinally collected fecal samples from preterm infants (born <30 weeks of gestation) from 1–3 days before diagnosis of severe NEC (Bell’s stage IIIA/IIIB), were analyzed by targeted high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Control samples were collected from gestational and postnatal age-matched infants. Thirty-one NEC cases (15 NEC IIIA;16 NEC IIIB) with 1:1 matched controls were included. Preclinical samples of infants with NEC were characterized by five increased essential amino acids—isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine and valine. Lysine and ethanolamine ratios were lower prior to NEC, compared to control samples. A multivariate model was rendered based on isoleucine, lysine, ethanolamine, tryptophan and ornithine, modestly discriminating cases from controls (AUC 0.67; p < 0.001). Targeted HPLC pointed to several specific AAA alterations in samples collected 1–3 days before NEC onset, compared to controls. Whether this reflects metabolic alterations and has a role in early biomarker development for NEC, has yet to be elucidated.
Comparing N-mixture models and GLMMs for relative abundance estimation in a citizen science dataset
Authors: Goldstein Benjamin R. , de Valpine Perry
Published: July 2022

To analyze species count data when detection is imperfect, ecologists need models to estimate relative abundance in the presence of unknown sources of heterogeneity. Two candidate models are generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and hierarchical N-mixture models. GLMMs are computationally robust but do not explicitly separate detection from abundance patterns. N-mixture models separately estimate detection and abundance via a latent state but are sensitive to violations in assumptions and subject to practical estimation issues. When one can assume that detection is not systematically confounded with ecological patterns of interest, these two models can be viewed as sharing a heuristic framework for relative abundance estimation. Model selection can then determine which predicts observed counts best, for example by AIC. We compared four N-mixture model variants and two GLMM variants for predicting bird counts in local subsets of a citizen science dataset, eBird, based on model selection and goodness-of-fit measures. We found that both GLMMs and N-mixture models—especially N-mixtures with beta-binomial detection submodels—were supported in a moderate number of datasets, suggesting that both tools are useful and that relative fit is context-dependent. We provide faster software implementations of N-mixture likelihood calculations and a reparameterization to interpret unstable estimates for N-mixture models.
Full etiologic spectrum of pediatric severe to profound hearing loss of consecutive 119 cases
Authors: Kim Young Seok , Kim Yoonjoong , Jeon Hyoung Won , Yi Nayoung , Lee Sang-Yeon , Kim Yehree , Han Jin Hee , Kim Min Young , Kim Bo Hye , Choi Hyeong Yun , Carandang Marge , Koo Ja-Won , Kim Bong Jik , Bae Yun Jung , Choi Byung Yoon
Published: July 2022

Determining the etiology of severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss (SP-SNHL) in pediatric subjects is particularly important in aiding the decision for auditory rehabilitation. We aimed to update the etiologic spectrum of pediatric SP-SNHL by combining internal auditory canal (IAC)-MRI with comprehensive and state-of-the-art genetic testings. From May 2013 to September 2020, 119 cochlear implantees under the age of 15 years with SP-SNHL were all prospectively recruited. They were subjected to genetic tests, including exome sequencing, and IAC-MRI for etiologic diagnosis. Strict interpretation of results were made based on ACMG/AMP guidelines and by an experienced neuroradiologist. The etiology was determined in of 65.5% (78/119) of our cohort. If only one of the two tests was done, the etiologic diagnostic rate would be reduced by at least 21.8%. Notably, cochlear nerve deficiency (n = 20) detected by IAC-MRI topped the etiology list of our cohort, followed by DFNB4 (n = 18), DFNB1 (n = 10), DFNB9 (n = 10) and periventricular leukomalacia associated with congenital CMV infection (n = 8). Simultaneous application of state-of-the-art genetic tests and IAC-MRI is essential for etiologic diagnosis, and if lesions of the auditory nerve or central nerve system are carefully examined on an MRI, we can identify the cause of deafness in more than 65% of pediatric SP-SNHL cases.
Characterising functional strategies and trait space of freshwater macroinvertebrates
Authors: Schmera Dénes , Heino Jani , Podani János
Published: July 2022

We examined the functional strategies and the trait space of 596 European taxa of freshwater macroinvertebrates characterized by 63 fuzzy coded traits belonging to 11 trait groups. Principal component analysis was used to reduce trait dimensionality, to explain ecological strategies, and to quantify the trait space occupied by taxa. Null models were used to compare observed occupancy with theoretical models, and randomization-based analyses were performed to test whether taxonomic relatedness, a proxy of phylogenetic signal, constrains the functional trait space of freshwater macroinvertebrates. We identified four major strategies along which functional traits of the taxa examined show trade-offs. In agreement with expectations and in contrast to existing evidence we found that life cycles and aquatic strategies are important in shaping functional structure of freshwater macroinvertebrates. Our results showed that the taxonomic groups examined fill remarkably different niches in the functional trait space. We found that the functional trait space of freshwater macroinvertebrates is reduced compared to the range of possibilities that would exist if traits varied independently. The observed decrease was between 23.44 and 44.61% depending on the formulation of the null expectations. We demonstrated also that taxonomic relatedness constrains the functional trait space of macroinvertebrates.
Rapid high-resolution volumetric imaging via laser ablation delayering and confocal imaging
Authors: Phoulady Adrian , May Nicholas , Choi Hongbin , Suleiman Yara , Shahbazmohamadi Sina , Tavousi Pouya
Published: July 2022

Acquiring detailed 3D images of samples is needed for conducting thorough investigations in a wide range of applications. Doing so using nondestructive methods such as X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) has resolution limitations. Destructive methods, which work based on consecutive delayering and imaging of the sample, face a tradeoff between throughput and resolution. Using focused ion beam (FIB) for delayering, although high precision, is low throughput. On the other hand, mechanical methods that can offer fast delayering, are low precision and may put the sample integrity at risk. Herein, we propose to use femtosecond laser ablation as a delayering method in combination with optical and confocal microscopy as the imaging technique for performing rapid 3D imaging. The use of confocal microscopy provides several advantages. First, it eliminates the 3D image distortion resulting from non-flat layers, caused by the difference in laser ablation rate of different materials. It further allows layer height variations to be maintained within a small range. Finally, it enables material characterization based on the processing of material ablation rate at different locations. The proposed method is applied on a printed circuit board (PCB), and the results are validated and compared with the X-ray CT image of the PCB part.
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-derived reactive oxygen species stimulate ATP release via TRPA1 in human dental pulp cells
Authors: Orimoto Ai , Kitamura Chiaki , Ono Kentaro
Published: July 2022

Extracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels are involved in calcium signaling in odontoblasts and dental pain. The resin monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), used in dental restorative procedures, is related to apoptotic cell death via oxidative stress. Although the TRPA1 channel is highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), the effect of HEMA-induced ROS on ATP release to the extracellular space and the TRPA1 channel has not been clarified in human dental pulp. In this study, we investigated the extracellular ATP signaling and TRPA1 activation by HEMA-derived ROS in immortalized human dental pulp cells (hDPSC-K4DT). Among the ROS-sensitive TRP channels, TRPA1 expression was highest in undifferentiated hDPSC-K4DT cells, and its expression levels were further enhanced by osteogenic differentiation. In differentiated hDPSC-K4DT cells, 30 mM HEMA increased intracellular ROS production and ATP release, although 3 mM HEMA had no effect. Pretreatment with the free radical scavenger PBN (N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone) or TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 suppressed HEMA-induced responses. These results suggest that ROS production induced by a higher dose of HEMA activates the TRPA1 channel in human dental pulp cells, leading to ATP release. These findings may contribute to the understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of tertiary dentin formation and pain in response to dental biomaterials.
Effect of β-resin of binderless coke on mechanical properties of high-density carbon blocks at high molding pressure
Authors: Park Seungjoo , Lee Seon Ho , Lee Song Mi , Jung Doo-Hwan
Published: July 2022

High-density carbon blocks have excellent mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. In particular, these blocks are applied in various fields while maintaining excellent physical properties even in harsh environments. In this study, binderless coke manufactured under certain conditions was used to form green bodies (GBs) under various pressure conditions of 50 to 250 MPa, and the bodies were carbonized to form a high-density carbon block (CB). Then, the effect of the β-resin and oxygen functional groups of binderless coke on the mechanical properties of the high-density carbon block according to molding pressure was considered. When molding at a pressure of under 200 MPa, the ratio of O and C (O/C) has a greater effect, and the larger the O/C, the higher the mechanical properties. On the other hand, when molding at a high pressure of 250 MPa, the β-resin content has a greater effect and steadily increases when the β-resin content is low and when the mechanical properties are sufficiently reduced. In particular, in the case of CB-N7A3–250, which has the highest β-resin content of 3.7 wt%, the density was 1.79 g/cm3, the flexural strength was 106 MPa, and the shore hardness was 99 HSD.
A Delphi consensus statement for digital surgery
Authors: Lam Kyle , Abràmoff Michael D. , Balibrea José M. , Bishop Steven M. , Brady Richard R. , Callcut Rachael A. , Chand Manish , Collins Justin W. , Diener Markus K. , Eisenmann Matthias , Fermont Kelly , Neto Manoel Galvao , Hager Gregory D. , Hinchliffe Robert J. , Horgan Alan , Jannin Pierre , Langerman Alexander , Logishetty Kartik , Mahadik Amit , Maier-Hein Lena , Antona Esteban Martín , Mascagni Pietro , Mathew Ryan K. , Müller-Stich Beat P. , Neumuth Thomas , Nickel Felix , Park Adrian , Pellino Gianluca , Rudzicz Frank , Shah Sam , Slack Mark , Smith Myles J. , Soomro Naeem , Speidel Stefanie , Stoyanov Danail , Tilney Henry S. , Wagner Martin , Darzi Ara , Kinross James M. , Purkayastha Sanjay
Published: July 2022

The use of digital technology is increasing rapidly across surgical specialities, yet there is no consensus for the term ‘digital surgery’. This is critical as digital health technologies present technical, governance, and legal challenges which are unique to the surgeon and surgical patient. We aim to define the term digital surgery and the ethical issues surrounding its clinical application, and to identify barriers and research goals for future practice. 38 international experts, across the fields of surgery, AI, industry, law, ethics and policy, participated in a four-round Delphi exercise. Issues were generated by an expert panel and public panel through a scoping questionnaire around key themes identified from the literature and voted upon in two subsequent questionnaire rounds. Consensus was defined if >70% of the panel deemed the statement important and <30% unimportant. A final online meeting was held to discuss consensus statements. The definition of digital surgery as the use of technology for the enhancement of preoperative planning, surgical performance, therapeutic support, or training, to improve outcomes and reduce harm achieved 100% consensus agreement. We highlight key ethical issues concerning data, privacy, confidentiality and public trust, consent, law, litigation and liability, and commercial partnerships within digital surgery and identify barriers and research goals for future practice. Developers and users of digital surgery must not only have an awareness of the ethical issues surrounding digital applications in healthcare, but also the ethical considerations unique to digital surgery. Future research into these issues must involve all digital surgery stakeholders including patients.
Tracking carrier and exciton dynamics in mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskite thin films
Authors: Chang Qing , Bao Di , Chen Bingbing , Hu Hongwei , Chen Xiaoxuan , Sun Handong , Lam Yeng Ming , Zhu Jian-Xin , Zhao Daming , Chia Elbert E. M.
Published: July 2022

Mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskites simultaneously possess structural stability and high power conversion efficiency. A thorough study of both carrier and exciton dynamics is needed to understand the photophysical properties that underpin its superior photovoltaic performance. By utilizing a broadband transient absorption spectroscopy, we observe the carrier and exciton dynamics in a FA0.85Cs0.15Pb(I0.97Br0.03)3 (FCPIB) perovskite by simultaneously resolving the carrier and exciton contribution to the transient change of the absorption spectra, from which the carrier density and exciton oscillator strength can be determined. Our data reveal a quick and significant conversion of the photogenerated carriers to excitons, on top of the usual carrier recombination process. Moreover, the decay of carrier density shows a change of kinetics from a second-order recombination at high pump fluence to a third-order recombination at low pump fluence. Our analysis utilizes band anharmonicity, presents an independent determination of electronic temperature and quasi-Fermi energy, and reveals an interesting interplay among the processes of carrier cooling, exciton formation/decay and carrier recombination, all as a function of time after photoexcitation. Our work demonstrates the use of pump fluence as a knob to tune the relative populations of carriers and excitons in halide perovskite materials.
CeO2 nanoarray decorated Ce-doped ZnO nanowire photoanode for efficient hydrogen production with glycerol as a sacrificial agent
Authors: Kim Seungkyu , An Eunui , Oh Inhyeok , Hwang Jun Beom , Seo Sehun , Jung Yoonsung , Park Jun-Cheol , Choi Hansol , Choi Chang Hyuck , Lee Sanghan
Published: July 2022

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) biomass oxidation by the substitution of an oxygen evolution reaction is considered a promising strategy for efficient hydrogen production.
A multi-technique approach to unveil the redox behaviour and potentiality of homoleptic CuI complexes based on substituted bipyridine ligands in oxygenation reactions
Authors: Centrella Barbara , Deplano Gabriele , Damin Alessandro , Signorile Matteo , Tortora Mariagrazia , Barolo Claudia , Bonomo Matteo , Bordiga Silvia
Published: July 2022

The reaction of CuI(bpy)2 complexes with tBuOOH was followed by a multi-technique approach (DFT-supported lab-scale or synchrotron spectroscopies and electrochemistry). The findings evidence the formation of a CuIIOH species as reactive intermediate.
Grafting of the 2,8-dithia-5-aza-2,6-pyridinophane macrocycle on SBA-15 mesoporous silica for the removal of Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions from aqueous solutions: synthesis, adsorption, and complex stability studies
Authors: Delpiano Giulia Rossella , Garau Alessandra , Lippolis Vito , Lachowicz Joanna Izabela , Salis Andrea
Published: July 2022

2,8-dithia-5-aza-2,6-pyridinophane grafted on SBA-15 mesoporous silica efficiently and repeatably chelates metal ions.
Unique CoWO4@WO3heterostructured nanosheets with superior electrochemical performances for all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Xu Juan , Guo Haibin , Li Zhongyang , Huo Kaifu , Ma Guoqiang
Published: July 2022

High performance asymmetric supercapacitors assembled with heterostructured core-shell CoWO4@WO3-1 cathodes and Ov-NiMoO4anodes, showing a maximum area energy density of 13.93 mW h cm−2and keeping 98.1% capacity retention over 20 000 cycles.
MOF/POM hybrids as catalysts for organic transformations
Authors: Maru Ketan , Kalla Sarita , Jangir Ritambhara
Published: July 2022

Organic conversions like oxidation, condensation, esterification, and some other types of catalytic reactions including photocatalytic reactions catalysed by POMOF materials are discussed in length with their plausible catalytic mechanisms.
High-capacity and ultrastable lithium storage in SnSe2–SnO2@NC microbelts enabled by heterostructures
Authors: Sun Haibin , Wang Wenjie , Zeng Lianduan , Liu Congcong , Liang Shuangshuang , Xie Wenhe , Gao Shasha , Liu Shenghong , Wang Xiao
Published: July 2022

SnSe2–SnO2@NC were investigated for lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of 1023.5 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and a capacity of 632.7 mA h g−1 after 2800 cycles at 5 A g−1. DFT calculations revealed the high adsorption energy of SnSe2–SnO2.
ZnO nanoleaves with superior photodetection properties
Authors: Alenezi Mohammad R. , Almeshal Abdullah M. , Alkhaledi Abdullah NFNR
Published: July 2022

ZnO nanoleaves with high surface-to-volume ratio and more exposed polar facets producedviamultistage hydrothermal synthesis showed high photodetection properties.
A flexible, robust and multifunctional montmorillonite/aramid nanofibers@MXene electromagnetic shielding nanocomposite with an alternating structure for enhanced Joule heating and fire-resistant protective performance
Authors: Dang Wanbin , Liu Zongxu , Wang Lingna , Chen Yanhui , Qi Min , Zhang Qiuyu
Published: July 2022

Flexible, robust and multifunctional MMT/ANFs@MXene electromagnetic shielding nanocomposite with alternating structure that shows promising application in thermal management-required EMI shielding systems and wearable electronics, etc.
Aminoglycoside-mimicking carbonized polymer dots for bacteremia treatment
Authors: Chiou Yi-Ru , Lin Chin-Jung , Harroun Scott G. , Chen Yi-Ru , Chang Lung , Wu An-Tai , Chang Fu-Chieh , Lin Yang-Wei , Lin Han-Jia , Anand Anisha , Unnikrishnan Binesh , Nain Amit , Huang Chih-Ching
Published: July 2022

Aminoglycoside-mimicking carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) for bacteremia treatment by blocking the synthesis of bacterial proteins and disrupting bacterial membranes.
Toward high-performance refractive index sensor using single Au nanoplate-on-mirror nanocavity
Authors: Wang Qifa , Hou Liping , Li Chenyang , Zhou Hailin , Gan Xuetao , Liu Kaihui , Xiao Fajun , Zhao Jianlin
Published: July 2022

A high-performance refractive index sensor is demonstrated using a plasmonic nanocavity, yielding a highest FOM (11.2) reported yet for a single nanostructure.
Decoupling layer metal–organic frameworks via ligand regulation to achieve ultra-thin carbon nanosheets for oxygen reduction electrocatalysis
Authors: Tang Zeming , Cao Guiqiang , Jiang Cheng , He Jianping , Loh Adeline , Wang Zhongxu , Zhao Jingxiang , Li Xiaohong , Lai Qingxue , Liang Yanyu
Published: July 2022

Some of the BIM groups are replaced by 2-MIM to weaken the coupling layer between 2D MOF skeletons. Then, the introduction of NaCl-template inhibit the longitudinal expansion of MOF skeletons and form ultra-thin nanosheets.
Structural verification of petromyzestrosterol by total syntheses of both C14-epimers of its 3-O-methyl derivative
Authors: Nakazaki Atsuo , Kawai Maho , Nishikawa Toshio
Published: July 2022

The structure of petromyzestrosterol, a pheromonal steroid of the sea lamprey, was verified by total syntheses of both C14-epimers of its 3-O-methyl derivative.
Study on low-temperature cycle failure mechanism of a ternary lithium ion battery
Authors: Wang Suijun , Hu Chen , Yu Ran , Sun Zhaoqin , Jin Yi
Published: July 2022

The failure of low-temperature performance of ternary lithium-ion battery is the result of side reactions such as lithium deposition, positive material transition metal ion dissolution and electrolyte decomposition.
Generation of liquid metal double emulsion droplets using gravity-induced microfluidics
Authors: Fan Qiyue , Guo Yaohao , Zhao Shuangliang , Bao Bo
Published: July 2022

An innovative method – a gravity-induced microfluidic device – to generate liquid metal double emulsion droplets to prevent the formation of an oxide layer on the liquid metal is introduced.
Torsionally broken symmetry assists infrared excitation of biomimetic charge-coupled nuclear motions in the electronic ground state
Authors: Chatterjee Gourab , Jha Ajay , Blanco-Gonzalez Alejandro , Tiwari Vandana , Manathunga Madushanka , Duan Hong-Guang , Tellkamp Friedjof , Prokhorenko Valentyn I. , Ferré Nicolas , Dasgupta Jyotishman , Olivucci Massimo , Miller R. J. Dwayne
Published: July 2022

Channelling vibrational excitation energy to achieve ground-state charge-transfer (CT)-assisted isomerization in a donor-bridge-acceptor molecule in solution.
Oxime formation coordination-directed detection of genome-wide thymine oxides with nanogram-scale sample input
Authors: Xiao Feng , Wang Qi , Zhang Kaiyuan , Liu Chaoxing , Zou Guangrong , Zhou Xiang
Published: July 2022

We report a convenient strategy to quantify 5-formyluracil (5fU) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) in biological samples, using only 40 ng of sample input on a laboratory real-time PCR instrument.
Spatial microheterogeneity in the valence band of mixed halide hybrid perovskite materials
Authors: Erbing Axel , Philippe Bertrand , Park Byung-wook , Cappel Ute B. , Rensmo Håkan , Odelius Michael
Published: July 2022

Microheterogeneity in valence band maximum of hybrid perovskites with mixed I/Br composition. Theoretical calculations show that trends in hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with overall composition are related to variations in local environment.
Highly contorted superhelicene hits near-infrared circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Míguez-Lago Sandra , Mariz Inês F. A. , Medel Miguel A. , Cuerva Juan M. , Maçôas Ermelinda , Cruz Carlos M. , Campaña Araceli G.
Published: July 2022

This twisted superhelicene employed its twists and loops to shine chiral emission into the NIR region. The proof of its promising applicability in optoelectronic devices is the analogous chiroptical properties obtained in solution and thin films.
One-step synthesis of amorphous transition metal sulfides as bifunctional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: He Wenjun , Wang Fangqing , Gao Yaohui , Hao Qiuyan , Liu Caichi
Published: July 2022

The prepared amorphous NiSx/NF exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity, which only requires a low overpotential of 53 and 225 mV for the HER and OER to drive a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH.
Variational methods and deep Ritz method for active elastic solids
Authors: Wang Haiqin , Zou Boyi , Su Jian , Wang Dong , Xu Xinpeng
Published: July 2022

Variational and deep-Ritz (DR) methods for active elastic solids with applications in the morphogenesis of cell monolayer: (A) Spontaneous bending predicted using DR learning method, (B) Gravitaxis: spontaneous bending with and without gravity.
Morphology-dependent photoresponsive behaviors of a self-assembled system based on a single cyanostilbene derivative
Authors: Zhang Yangdaiyi , Ding Zeyang , Ma Yao , Jiang Shimei
Published: July 2022

Under blue light irradiation, the freshly prepared assemblies of nanoparticles lead to a [2+2] cycloaddition reaction, while the Z/E isomerization reaction occurs in the aged assemblies of microbelts.
Perception of Physical Demand, Mental Demand, and Performance: A Comparison of Two Voice Interventions for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Richardson Kelly , Huber Jessica E. , Kiefer Brianna , Snyder Sandy
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of two voice intervention approaches for hypophonia secondary to Parkinson's disease (PD) on self-reported measures of physical demand, mental demand, and vocal performance.

Method:

Thirty-four persons with hypophonia secondary to PD were assigned to one of three groups: Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) LOUD (
n
= 12), SpeechVive (
n
= 12), and nontreatment clinical control (
n
= 10). The LSVT LOUD and the SpeechVive participants received 8 weeks of voice intervention following the standardized protocol previously described for each approach. To confirm the effectiveness of each voice intervention, sound pressure level (dB SPL) data were analyzed for the experimental and control participants for a monologue sample obtained pretreatment, midtreatment, and posttreatment. During the voice intervention period, the LSVT LOUD and the SpeechVive participants were instructed to complete a modified version of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index rating scale to indicate the mental and physical demand required to complete the intervention activities, and to indicate how well they performed in completing the assigned vocal tasks.

Results:

The LSVT LOUD and the SpeechVive participants demonstrated a significant posttreatment increase in SPL (dB), in comparison to the clinical controls, thus confirming a positive intervention effect. The LSVT LOUD participants reported significantly higher ratings of physical and mental demand over the course of treatment, in comparison to the SpeechVive participants.

Conclusion:

Consideration of the mental and physical demand associated with two voice intervention approaches, commonly used for PD, may help to foster improved therapeutic compliance and treatment outcomes.
Deep image inpainting via contextual modelling in ADCT domain
Authors: Manickam Adhiyaman , Jiang Jianmin , Zhou Yu
Published: July 2022

Pixel‐based generative image inpainting has been widely researched over recent years and certain level of success via deep learning of feature representations and hallucinations of missing pixel values from surrounding backgrounds have also been reported in the literature. However, existing approaches rely on context‐based attentions and progressive inferences to capture the pixel correlations yet such pixel‐based approaches often fail to adapt to the constantly varying ranges and distances among surrounding background pixels. On the other hand, the modelling cost is also increasingly expensive whenever correlations of those pixels at longer distance away are to be exploited. To resolve the problem, we implement the principle of learning and hallucinating frequency components rather than pixel values. Therefore, we can avoid the dilemma that, on one hand the wish is to exploit all correlated pixels inside the image no matter how far away they are spatially located, but on the other, the price of increasing the modelling cost incurred by those pixels far away from the missing regions has to be paid. Extensive experiments carried out verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, which outperforms the representative existing state of the arts in terms of all assessment metrics.
Energy‐efficient train control considering the traction system efficiency
Authors: Rao Yu , Sun Pengfei , Wang Qingyuan , Feng Xiaoyun , Wang Chuanru , Wei Mi
Published: July 2022

The traction system efficiency of electrical locomotive varies with the operating conditions. To minimize the mechanical energy consumption of train does not mean that the electric energy consumption is also minimum. This paper studies the energy‐efficient train control (EETC) problem considering the dynamic traction system efficiency based on the Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP) method. The authors find that the necessary optimal control modes for the problem are full power (FP), constrained partial power (CPP), coast (C), partial brake (PB), and full brake (FB). Especially, the FP‐C pair is proposed to replace the unreasonable cruising phase on the other‐non‐steep hill (ONSH). A two‐layer algorithm is designed to solve the problem and case studies are presented to illustrate the results. The influence of different train weights, different overall running times, and different kinds of traction system efficiency on the optimal driving strategy is analyzed.
Underdetermined direction of arrival estimation of wideband signal based on sparse array
Authors: Wu Fan , Cao Fei , Zhang Xurong , Jiang Nan , Zhang Yanhong , Lu Shikun
Published: July 2022

To solve the problem of the mismatch of the wideband underdetermined direction of arrival (DOA) estimation under the condition of the On‐grid model, this paper extends the narrowband Off‐Grid model to wideband and proposes a new DOA estimation algorithm for Off‐Grid sources based on group sparsity. The proposed algorithm first obtains the preliminary estimation result under the current predefined discrete grid through the group sparsity wideband DOA estimation algorithm. Then, the Off‐Grid optimisation problem is adopted to calculate the Off‐Grid deviation vector. It is also assumed that the off‐grid deviation vectors of each frequency subband are exactly the same, thereby reducing the number of parameters to be estimated. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can not only maintain similar or even better estimation accuracy but also greatly reduce the computational complexity. Finally, simulation is conducted and the results verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method.
Reduction of lower semicontinuous solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations
Authors: Misztela Arkadiusz
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to the study of lower semicontinuous solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations with convex Hamiltonians in a gradient variable. Such Hamiltonians appear in the optimal control theory. We present a necessary and sufficient condition for a reduction of a Hamiltonian satisfying optimality conditions to the case when the Hamiltonian is positively homogeneous and also satisfies optimality conditions. It allows us to reduce some uniqueness problems of lower semicontinuous solutions to Barron-Jensen and Frankowska theorems. For Hamiltonians, which cannot be reduced in that way, we prove the new existence and uniqueness theorems.
Analysis and experiment of an airflow energy harvester based on diamagnetic levitation
Authors: Zhang Jingyun , Su Yufeng
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes an energy harvesting structure that can effectively generate electrical power. Diamagnetic levitation mechanism is utilized, with a floating magnet rotor levitated between two pyrolytic graphite plates just using a lifting magnet and airflow. The magnet rotor could be stably suspended under joint action of magnetic forces and diamagnetic forces, being driven to rotate by airflow. Three magnet rotors, with 1.5 mm, 3 mm and 4.5 mm thickness respectively, were adopted in the study so as to investigate the influence of structural parameters of the magnet rotor on the performance of the harvester. Simulation and experiment were carried out for the three magnet rotors. Among the tree magnet rotors, the 1.5 mm-thick one has the best output performance, with the lowest dynamic stability. Therefore, the energy harvester is to find tradeoff between output characteristics and dynamics. In this work, it was discovered that the peak output voltage of the energy harvester increased with the square of flowrate. As the flowrate increased to 3000 sccm, the 1.5 mm-thick rotor was rotating at a speed of 19729 rpm under standard temperature and pressure, with 1.255 V output voltage and 49 mW power. The diamagnetic levitation structure is expected to be applied to sensing, energy harvesting and air bearing under actuation of airflow due to its advantages of low friction, high rotation speed and large levitation space.
Fessenheim : un technocentre pour valoriser les métaux de très faible activité
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: July 2022

Destiné à valoriser des matériaux métalliques de très faible activité (TFA), le futur technocentre, en plus de soutenir l’emploi local éprouvé après la fermeture de la centrale nucléaire en 2020, renforcera l’économie circulaire au sein de la filière nucléaire.
Effects of consumer loyalty and product web compatibility on cooperative advertising and pricing policies in a dual-channel supply chain
Authors: Chaab Jafar , Caliskan Demirag Ozgun
Published: July 2022

A common practice for brand manufacturers is to operate dual distribution channels in which they offer an online channel for direct sales to end consumers and an independently-managed retail channel for sales in physical stores. This structure enables the manufacturers to reach multiple segments of consumers with different online and offline shopping preferences, but it may create channel conflicts due to the manufacturers’ competitive position in the end market. Cooperative advertising programs can be implemented in response to the emerging competitive dynamics between the manufacturers and the retailers. We investigate the impact of the consumers’ sales channel preference (i.e., “consumer loyalty”) and the product compatibility with online shopping (i.e., “product web compatibility or web fit”) on the cooperative advertising and pricing decisions of a manufacturer and a retailer in a dual-channel supply chain. We use game-theoretical models and characterize the firms’ equilibrium behaviors under different power structures in the channel. Our results indicate that the level of the retailer’s advertising investment and the manufacturer’s reimbursement in the cooperative advertising program depend critically on consumer loyalty, product web compatibility, and the power distribution among the channel members. For example, when the channel power is symmetrically distributed or held asymmetrically by the retailer, the retailer’s local advertising level increases as the product web compatibility decreases or the proportion of store-loyal consumers increases; whereas this trend is reversed when the manufacturer is the channel leader. We examine how the introduction of the direct channel affects the profits, and we generate additional managerial insights from numerical experiments.
Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung – ein wichtiges Arbeitsfeld, das physiotherapeutische Kompetenz erfordert
Authors: Mohokum Melvin , Dieterich Angela V.
Published: July 2022

In diesem Beitrag werden insbesondere Zusammenhänge zwischen Arbeitstätigkeit und Muskel-Skelett-Erkrankungen dargestellt. Dabei werden grundlegende Ansätze der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung beschrieben. Es soll deutlich werden, welch wichtige Rolle physiotherapeutisches Know-how im Setting „Betrieb“ für die Gesunderhaltung der Beschäftigten spielt. Anhand praktischer Beispiele werden Maßnahmen der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung erläutert. Physiotherapeut*innen sind in besonderer Weise prädestiniert, ihre Expertise und ihr Können an verschiedenen Stellen einzubringen.