bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling the spectral shape of continuous-wave lidar measurements in a turbulent wind tunnel
Authors: van Dooren Marijn Floris , Kidambi Sekar Anantha Padmanabhan , Neuhaus Lars , Mikkelsen Torben , Hölling Michael , Kühn Martin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This paper describes the development of a theoretical model for the turbulence spectrum measured by a short-range, continuous-wave lidar (light detection and ranging). The lidar performance was assessed by measurements conducted with two WindScanners in an open-jet wind tunnel equipped with an active grid, for a range of different turbulent wind conditions. A hot-wire anemometer is used as reference to assess the lidar's measured statistics, time series and spectra. In addition to evaluating the statistics, the correlation between the time series and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) on the wind speed, the turbulence spectrum measured by the lidar is compared with a modelled spectrum. The theoretical spectral model is applied in the frequency domain, using a Lorentzian filter in combination with Taylor's frozen turbulence hypothesis for the probe length averaging effect and an added white noise term, evaluated by qualitatively matching the lidar measurement spectrum. High goodness-of-fit coefficients and low RMSE values between the hot wire and WindScanner were observed for the measured time series. The correlation showed an inverse relationship with the prevalent turbulence intensity in the flow for cases with a comparable power spectrum shape. Larger flow structures can be captured more accurately by the lidar, whereas small-scale turbulent flow structures are partly filtered out as a result of the lidar's probe volume averaging effect. It is demonstrated that an accurate way to define the cut-off frequency at which the lidar's power spectrum starts to deviate from the hot-wire reference spectrum is the frequency at which the coherence drops below 0.5. This coherence-based cut-off frequency increases linearly with the mean wind speed and is generally an order of magnitude lower than the probe length equivalent cut-off frequency, estimated according to a simple model based on the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the laser beam intensity along the line of sight and assuming Taylor's frozen turbulence hypothesis. A convincing match between the modelled and the measured WindScanner power spectrum was found for various different cases, which confirmed that the deviation of the lidar's measured power spectrum in the higher frequency range can be analytically explained and modelled as a combination of a Lorentzian-shaped intensity function and white noise in the lidar measurement. Although the models were developed on the basis of wind tunnel measurements, they should be applicable to atmospheric boundary layer field measurements as well.
Water Use Strategy of Riparian Conifers Varies with Tree Size and Depends on Coordination of Water Uptake Depth and Internal Tree Water Storage
Authors: Li Kevin , Knighton James
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Trees employ mechanisms to maintain safe xylem water transport including variations in trunk water storage and the depth of root water uptake. We tested the hypotheses that 1) trunk water storage is correlated with root water uptake in Eastern hemlock, 2) and that water use strategy varies with tree size. High spatiotemporal sampling of soil and hemlock xylem (30 trees) water isotopic ratios (2H, 18O) and tree tissue Relative Water Content (RWC) was conducted across seven months. Hemlock accessing more evaporatively enriched water from shallow soils stored less water within their trunks during dry periods, and more during wet periods. Soil and xylem water isotopic compositions revealed older and lower elevation hemlock primarily sourced water uptake from the upper 10 cm of soils, whereas younger and higher elevation trees sourced some water uptake from deeper soil layers. Larger diameter hemlock showed significant temporal changes in trunk RWC. In contrast, smaller diameter trees exhibited more temporally stable RWC. Observed species-level heterogeneity in xylem water isotope composition suggests the need for reporting of tree ages and a standardization of field sampling protocols to support our understanding of tree water use strategies. Our results inform the development of plant hydraulic strategies in ecohydrological- and terrestrial biosphere-models to understand forest responses to external stressors.
Hyperspectral reflectance spectra of floating matters derived from Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) observations
Authors: Hu Chuanmin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Using data collected by the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean
(HICO) on the International Space Station between 2010–2014,
hyperspectral reflectance spectra of various floating matters in global oceans and
lakes are derived for the spectral range of 400–800 nm. Specifically, the
entire HICO archive of 9411 scenes is first visually inspected to identify
suspicious image slicks. Then, a nearest-neighbor atmospheric correction
is used to derive surface reflectance of slick pixels. Finally, a spectral
unmixing scheme is used to derive the reflectance spectra of floating
matters. Analysis of the spectral shapes of these various floating matters
(macroalgae, microalgae, organic particles, whitecaps) through the use of a
spectral angle mapper (SAM) index indicates that they can mostly be
distinguished from each other without the need for ancillary information.
Such reflectance spectra from the consistent 90 m resolution HICO
observations are expected to provide spectral endmembers to differentiate
and quantify the various floating matters from existing multi-band satellite
sensors and future hyperspectral satellite missions such as NASA's Plankton,
Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission; Geosynchronous Littoral Imaging and Monitoring Radiometer (GLIMR) mission; and Surface Biology and
Geology (SBG) mission. All spectral data are available at https://doi.org/10.21232/74LvC3Kr (Hu, 2021b).
Information content of soil hydrology in a west Amazon watershed as informed by GRACE
Authors: Massoud Elias C. , Bloom A. Anthony , Longo Marcos , Reager John T. , Levine Paul A. , Worden John R.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The seasonal-to-decadal terrestrial water balance on river basin scales depends on several well-characterized but uncertain soil physical processes, including soil moisture, plant available water, rooting depth, and recharge to lower soil layers. Reducing uncertainties in these quantities using observations is a key step toward improving the data
fidelity and skill of land surface models. In this study, we quantitatively
characterize the capability of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (NASA-GRACE) measurements – a key constraint on total water storage (TWS) – to inform and constrain these processes. We use a reduced-complexity physically based model capable of simulating the hydrologic cycle, and we apply Bayesian inference on the model parameters using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, to minimize mismatches between model-simulated and GRACE-observed TWS anomalies. Based on the prior and posterior model parameter distributions, we further quantify information gain with regard to terrestrial water states, associated fluxes, and time-invariant process parameters. We show that the data-constrained terrestrial water storage model can capture basic physics of the hydrologic cycle for a watershed in the western Amazon during the period January 2003 through December 2012, with an r2 of 0.98 and root mean square error of 30.99 mm between observed and simulated TWS. Furthermore, we show a reduction of uncertainty in many of the parameters and state variables, ranging from a 2 % reduction in uncertainty for the porosity parameter to an 85 % reduction for the rooting depth parameter. The annual and interannual variability of the system are also simulated accurately, with the model simulations capturing the impacts of the 2005–2006 and 2010–2011 South American droughts. The results shown here suggest the potential of using gravimetric observations of TWS to identify and constrain key parameters in soil hydrologic models.
Functional nasal breathing rehabilitation: Effectiveness and feasibility of an online integrative breathing therapy protocol
Authors:   Southern Cross University, Courtney Rosalba , Engel Roger ,   Macquarie University, Grace Sandra ,   Southern Cross University, Potts Anna ,   Southern Cross University, Riordan Brooke ,   Southern Cross University, Ireland Kaitlyn ,   Southern Cross University, Osbourne Courtney ,   Southern Cross University, Sukhtankar Avinash ,   Southern Cross University
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Nasal disuse and mouth breathing are associated with negative structural, functional, postural, occlusal, and behavioural changes. While there is some research to suggest that nasal breathing exercises can reduce mouth breathing, clinical protocols have not been extensively investigated. The purpose of this research was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a nasal breathing rehabilitation protocol based on Integrative Breathing Therapy principles called Functional Nasal Breathing Rehabilitation (FNBR).
Measurement of Human Work Reliability Using Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach and Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique Method
Authors: Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Syukriah Syukriah , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: March 2022

CV. Raja Hati is a company that is engaged in the process of refinishing tires that have been bald into new ones. The tire retreading process has a relatively high percentage of defects, such as 14.8% Printing Process, 12.3% Surface Leveling, 8.6% Tire Curing, and so on. The problems in this study are the factors that cause defects in terms of human aspects, the types of errors that most often occur in the production process, and the value of human error probability (HEP) in the production process at CV. Raja Hati. This study aims to determine the factors that cause defects in terms of human aspects, the types of errors that most often occur in the production process and the value of human error probability (HEP) in the production process. The research was conducted using the SHERPA and HEART methods. The SHERPA method’s study results show that the types of errors that often occur in the tire retreading process are many wrong operator actions. Still, on the proper object (A7), the operator is wrong in dividing the time in doing work (A2), and the operator is not suitable for doing his job (A5). This study concludes that the factors that cause product defects in the tire retreading process are the absence of a procedure for correcting errors by 21.63%, the need for different techniques in doing work to facilitate operators by 27.04%, inexperienced operators by 12.36%, and inexperience and independent inspection has a percentage of 12.36%. The results of the calculation of the HEP value show that the average HEP value in the tire retreading process is 0.8552 or 85.52%, while the operator reliability value is 14.48%.
Transformasi Digital Pt Bank Jago Tbk dari Bank Konvensional menjadi Bank Digital
Authors: Linggadjaya Restiana Ie Tjoe , Sitio Bontor , Situmorang Patar
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan studi atas transformasi strategi bisnis dari PT Bank Jago Tbk (Bank Jago), yang merupakan suatu transformasi digital dari sebelumnya Bank Artos yang merupakan sebuah bank konvensional, kemudian berubah menjadi bank digital. Penelitian ini mengusung topik penelitian yang relatif baru yaitu transformasi digital pada Bank di Indonesia. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh bank digital di Indonesia, dengan total 5 bank digital dan 7 bank yang dalam proses go digital. Namun, dengan keterbatasan data yang ada mengenai bank digital, pembahasan dilakukan pada Bank Jago dari sisi keuangan, lima domain transformasi digital menurut Rogers (2016), dan studi komparatif kinerja bank secara terbatas dengan bank Buku III (dimana Bank Jago merupakan salah satu bank Buku III) dan Bank agregat pada umumnya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Bank Jago telah melakukan strategi bisnis yang tepat sesuai dengan lima domain transformasi digital menurut Rogers (2016), dimana dengan transformasi digital tersebut telah dicapai pertumbuhan bisnis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan bank Buku III dan Bank agregat pada umumnya. Implikasi praktis: (1) keberhasilan Bank Jago dapat dijadikan role model untuk bank digital lainnya dan bank konvensional yang ingin merubah model bisnis melalui transformasi digital, (2) Untuk OJK: membuat peraturan lebih lanjut untuk pelaporan bank digital, yang terpisahkan dari pelaporan bank umum sehingga perbankan Indonesia mempunyai data atas perkembangan bank digital.
Pengaruh Periklanan dan Kualitas Makanan terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Restoran All You Can Eat
Authors: Mahadika Pradipta , Lubis Zurlina
Published: March 2022

Restoran All You Can Eat adalah restoran dengan konsep self service, dimana konsumen dapat meracik sendiri rasa dari makanannya. Penelitian ini membahas tentang periklanan dan kualitas makanan yang mempengaruhi kepuasan konsumen, khususnya konsumen restoran All You Can Eat Pochajjang dan Oppa Galbi, di Jakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh periklanan dan kualitas makanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada restoran All You Can Eat tersebut. Waktu penelitian April s.d Juli 2021. Lokasi penelitian di Pochajjang dan Oppa Galbi.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 127 responden dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan rumus Isaac dan Michael. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer, data diolah menggunakan software SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan periklanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen sebesar 24,8%. Kualitas makanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen sebesar 48,2%. Periklanan dan kualitas makanan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen sebesar 41,8%. Penelitian selanjutnya sebaiknya meneliti variabel lain selain iklan dan kualitas makanan terhadap variabel laten kepuasan konsumen.
Existence of entropy solutions of the anisotropic elliptic nonlinear problem with measure data in weighted Sobolev space
Authors: Abbassi Adil , Allalou Chakir , Kassidi Abderrazak
Published: March 2022

This paper is devoted to study the following nonlinear anisotropic elliptic unilateral problem\begin{equation*}\begin{cases}A\,u -\mbox{div}\,\phi(u)=\mu \quad \mbox{in} \qquad \Omega \\\;u=0 \qquad \mbox{on} \quad \partial \Omega ,\end{cases}\end{equation*}where the right hand side $\,\mu\;$ belongs to $\; L^1(\Omega)+ W_{0}^{-1,\overrightarrow{p}'} (\Omega,\ \overrightarrow{\omega}^*)$. The operator $\displaystyle A\,u=-\sum_{i=1}^{N}\partial_{i}\,a_{i}(x,\ u,\ \nabla u)$ is a Leray-Lions anisotropic operator acting from $\; W_{0}^{1,\overrightarrow{p}} (\Omega,\ \overrightarrow{\omega})\;$ into its dual $\; W_{0}^{-1,\overrightarrow{p}'} (\Omega,\ \overrightarrow{\omega}^*)$ and $\phi_{i}\in C^{0}(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})$.
Improving Reading and Writing of Grade-I Through Self-Made Filipino Reading Module
Authors: Sayson Richel J.
Published: March 2022

This study examined the improvement of reading and writing of Grade-I pupils of San Vicente Elementary School, Magsaysay-I, Division of Misamis Oriental through the Self-Made Filipino Reading Module for the school-year 2020-2021. Descriptive method of research was employed in this study using the EGRA assessment tool and peer interview. Mean and standard deviation were the statistical tool used to treat the data. The findings revealed that the Self-Made Filipino Reading Module highly improved the reading skills in terms of letter name knowledge, letter sound knowledge, initial sound discrimination, familiar word reading and non-word reading. Which means that most of the pupils performed the assessed indicator without mistake. While oral reading fluency passage and oral reading comprehension is improved. This means that most of the pupils performed the assessed indicator with slight mistake. Moreover, in the writing skill of the pupils, it was revealed that the ability to spell, follow spacing and direction of text and capitalization is improved. Which means that most of the pupils performed the assessed indicator with slight mistake.
Modular Distance Learning: The Problem and Its Background
Authors: Rodriguez Diosdora L.
Published: March 2022

Modular Distance Learning involves individualized instruction that allows learners to use self-learning modules (SLMs) in print or digital format/electronic copy, whichever is applicable in the context of the learner, and other learning resources like Learner’s Materials, textbooks, activity sheets, study guides and other study materials. Learners access electronic copies of learning materials on a computer, tablet PC, or smartphone. CDs, DVDs, USB storage and computer-based applications can all be used to deliver e-learning materials, including offline E-books. The teacher takes the responsibility of monitoring the progress of the learners. The learners may ask assistance from the teacher via e-mail, telephone, text message/instant messaging. Where possible, the teacher shall do home visits to learners needing remediation or assistance. Any member of the family or other stakeholder in the community needs to serve as para-teachers.
Protection of cultural heritage objects: features of the application of Belarusian and Russian legislation in the changed conditions caused by the spread of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Martynenko I. E.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the peculiarities of the application of legislation on the protection of cultural (historical and cultural) heritage objects during the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, paying special attention to the state protection and preservation of monuments. Based on the analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, the author formulates a conclusion about the need to define cultural heritage as an object of national security, proving that this will strengthen the state-legal protection of heritage.
Astronomy in Kazan in the 19th centurу
Authors: Sakhibullin N. A.
Published: March 2022

The article reveals brief history of the origin of Kazan astronomy and its development in the 19th century. Special attention is paid to the construction of the Observatory building and equipping it with astronomical instruments. Examples of scientific achievements are given. The scientific work of M.A. Kowalski is described in more detail.
Current Ratio, Return on Asset, and Debt-to-Equity-Ratio on Stock-Price of Sector Property and Real Estate
Authors: Tangngisalu Jannati
Published: March 2022

The purposes of this study are: to analyze the current ratio (CR), return on assets (ROA), and debt to equity ratio (DER) both partially and simultaneously affect the stock price of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the property sector and real estate. This study uses 31 companies to sample the 55 property and real estate sector from 2017-2021. The sampling technique was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The test used in this study was multiple regression analysis with t-test and f-test. The results show that the current ratio (CR) has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices in property and real estate sector. In contrast, the debt-to-equity ratio (DER) has a positive but insignificant effect on stock prices in property and real estate sectors. At the same time, Return on Assets (ROA) positively affects stock prices in property and real estate companies. The management of the company is expected to observe the behavior of investors in the capital market, namely by understanding the motives of investors so that the administration can develop a company strategy to attract investors to understand their capital in the company.
BAWASLU Budgeting Mechanism on The Election of Regional Chiefs: Case Study of South Sulawesi
Authors: Dahliah D.
Published: March 2022

The previous Pilkada, in terms of funding, the election of the regional head (Pilkada) was faced with two crucial things. First, holding regional elections budget. The second is the number of funds. The permit issued by the local government for the Pilkada itself will affect the area's fiscal space and development plans. The cost of holding the Pilkada comes from GDP, but the amount of the budget approved by the regional government varies depending on the financial capacity of each region. The first stage is the budget preparation stage in the budget cycle, which includes budget submissions from each section or department. The second stage is the budget approval stage. After the budget is ratified as law, all departments enter the budget implementation stage. The implementation of the budget must be accompanied by supervision to ensure that according to predetermined plans. The last stage is ratifying the budget calculation. The mechanism for managing the regional head election grants budget follows the laws and regulations regarding disbursement to reporting. However, from the results of the researcher's search, it was found that there are still things that need to be considered, especially in terms of financial transparency.
The Relationship Between Social Support and Mental Health Degrees in Emerging Adulthood of Students
Authors: Arifuddin A. Pasinringi Mayenrisari , Vanessa Audrey Alya , Sandy Grestin
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine the relationship between sources of social support and mental health degrees in emerging adulthood of Universitas Hasanuddin students. The participants of this research are undergraduate students at Universitas Hasanuddin. The sampling technique utilized in this research is stratified random sampling, while the number of the participants on this research is 411 participants. The scale applied in this study is the sources of social support scale adapted from the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) (12 items, = 0.888) and the mental health degree scale adapted from the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) (24 items, = 0.941). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between sources of social support and mental health degrees in emerging adulthood of Universitas Hasanuddin students. The correlation level obtained based on the results of data processing shows that the Pearson Correlations value of the research variable of 0.445 is included in the moderate relationship criteria. A moderate relationship can be interpreted as a medium relationship obtained based on the correlation coefficient criteria. This shows that the relationship between the variables sources of social support and the variable mental health degree is in moderate criteria.
Appraising the administrative burden of USDA organic certification: A descriptive analysis of Notice of Noncompliance data
Authors: Carter David , Adams Ian , Wright Seth , Scott Tyler
Published: March 2022

Many of the challenges organic producers and pro­cessors experience are caused by how organic standards compliance is monitored and enforced—in particular, the administrative procedures that are mandated to verify that operation practices meet organic certification requirements. In this policy analysis, we examine noncompliance documenta­tion and verification by accredited certifiers under the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Lev­eraging a novel and unique compilation of “Notice of Noncompliance” letters issued to organic pro­ducers and processors, we find a preponderance of administrative violations, relative to substantive ones. We discuss how the finding may help explain contemporary transformations in the organic mar­ket, as larger agri-food entities’ capacity to absorb the administrative costs that frustrate smaller oper­ations may contribute to organic market “conven­tionalization” and consolidation.
EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN'S GROUP IN ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CURUG SULANJANA VILLAGE
Authors: Harsono Pramudi
Published: March 2022

The Student Work Lecture (KKM) activities in Community Service (PPM) are required to practice science, technology, art, law, art, and entrepreneurship and indeed expected to be a motivator and facilitator of development efforts, especially in rural areas. Various problems exist, and finding solutions to problems, of course, takes the role and participation of KKM-PPM participants with the local village community where the KKM location is located. The program implemented is expected to be achieved goals and targets through several implementations of program 1).  Economic Affairs: Assistance of MSMEs and Cooperatives 2). Religion 3). Socio-cultural and community empowerment 4)Health and legal services.  The potential of MSMEs and community empowerment is essential because of the participation of women's community groups because of the potential of MSME economic actors and natural excellence, namely melinjo fruit as the leading commodity of the community in the village of Curug Sulanjana Gunungsari District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Evaluate in the implementation of this program is carried out simply by recording each activity with the results and monitoring from the government as the organizer of training and mentoring in order to know the extent of product development that will be produced
MONUMENTALITÀ, ABBONDANZA E CERIMONIALITÀ COME ESPRESSIONE E LEGITTIMAZIONE DEL POTERE NELLA PRIMA METÀ DEL IV MILLENNIO IN ALTA MESOPOTAMIA
Authors: Balossi Restelli Francesca
Published: March 2022

Whilst religion proper during prehistory is extremely complex to investigate and understand, the present paper looks at Neolithic and Chalcolithic temples in the Near East with the intent of evaluating the impact that these had on societal structure and community relations. Ritual and sacrality are evaluated as forms social cohesion, but also of legitimation of the status quo and, in the early complex societies of the Chalcolithic period, as instruments of power
IL SIMULACRO ASSENTE.ALCUNI ASPETTI ESTERIORI DELLA RELIGIOSITÀ NELLA VALLE DEL JAWF YEMENITA(IMILLENNIOA.C.)
Authors: Agostini Alessio
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this contribution is to observe, through some of the most significant epigraphic and archaeological data, if and how the divinity was represented in the cultic sphere in the Jawf valley during the archaic, the Minaean and part of the post-Minaean periods(1stmillennium BC). Although divine anthropomorphic figurations are possibly attested during the archaic phase, no confirmed example of such representationsis recognizedfor the leading divinities since the 7thcentury BC, which also reflectsonthe absence of cultic anthropomorphic statuary within South Arabia. This situation is even more marked within the Minaean cultural sphere, as here dedicatory inscriptions mentioning votive statuettes are not attested,a practice that is by contrast very common in Sabaʾ and Qatabān, where such artifacts represent the devotee. The three archaeologically-investigated main cellae from the Jawfite temples will finally help to briefly observe the few remaining traces about the location of a possible divine simulacrum.
IDENTITÀ E TERRITORIO. RAPPRESENTAZIONE DELLE ÉLITE POLITICHE POST-ACHEMENID INEGLI ZAGROS NORD-OCCIDENTALI
Authors: Terribili Gianfilippo
Published: March 2022

Manifold rock monuments dot the territory of an arch-shaped mountain belt that roughly corresponded to the westernmost parts of Greater Media, Atropatene, and neighbouring Adiabene. The evidence constitutes a distinctive feature of the historical landscapein an area that entailed strategic routes through Western Zagros and eastern Taurus ranges. This contribution is a preliminary overview connecting some representative sites to the expression of power and social prestige in the post-Achaemenid and Arsacid eras (IV BCE -II CE). In this respect, the organization of corpora of evidence defined by typology, chronology, and distribution will pave the way for more detailed case studies and comparisons within Western Asia’s cultural scenario
LA CREAZIONE DELLA STATUADI CULTO COME ATTORELIGIOSO,POLITICO E IDEOLOGICO:IL CASO DI ESARHADDON(680-669 A.C.)
Authors: Ceravolo Marinella , Pacelli Flavia
Published: March 2022

n 689 BC,the Assyrian king Sennacherib destroyed Babylon and deported the statues of the Babylonian gods to Assyria. Inorder to restore the political and religious relations between Assyriaand Babylonia, Esarhaddon undertakes to renovate the Babylonian statues and relocate them in their temples in southern Mesopotamia. This paper aims to provide an analysis of some royal inscriptions dealing with the (re)creationof the divine effigies and offer an interpretation of theirsalient passages
UNA FIGURINA DI “DEA GRAVIDA”DA ACHZIV NEL MUSEO DEL VICINO ORIENTE EGITTO E MEDITERRANEODELLA SAPIENZA
Authors: Montanari Daria
Published: March 2022

In this essay a clay figurine of a so-called “dea gravida” (pregnant goddess)from Achziv, dating to the 8th-7thcentury BCand preserved in the Museum of the Near EastEgypt and Mediterranean of Sapienza University of Rome,is presented,and analyzed in relation to the context of the discovery and to other specimens from the same site and from the Phoenicia, investigating the cult and the rites connected to such a kind of artifacts.
Statue scomparse
Authors: Verderame Lorenzo
Published: March 2022

In this article I deal withsome of the possible causes for the scarcity of archaeological evidence for Mesopotamian statues. I analyse the reasons for such a gap in antiquity, from the insufficiency and reuse of material to the destruction of statues. I consider the displacement and hiding of statues through the practices ofgodnapping and burial as well. In the conclusion, I discuss the destruction and disappearance of ancient statues in modern times, from archaeological excavations to casesof iconoclasm.
QUANDO IL RE È INTERRATO:IL CASO DELLA PORTA DEI LEONI AD ARSLANTEPE
Authors: Mori Lucia
Published: March 2022

In the Iron Age Syro-Anatolian cities the ritual burial of monumental statues depicting royal or divine images is frequently attested in relevant areas of the urban layout, often related to city gates. The article discusses the case of the well-known royal statue found buriedin the Lions’ Gate inner chamber at Arslantepe, Malatya, during the excavation by J.L. Delaporte, and the historical and political meaning of the statue mutilation and deposition
Evaluation of Pregnant Women's Awareness of Birth Preparedness. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bala Madhu , Gul Momy , Ali Khuwaja Beena Barkat , Jan Fouzia , Ismail Aksa , Soomro Benazir
Published: March 2022

Aim: To evaluate pregnant women who are going to receive maternity care at the research area about birth preparation and catastrophe preparedness and warnings in the form of symbols throughout pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Muhammad Medical and Dental College Ratanabad Mirpurkhas Pakistan from March 2020 to March 2021. Methodology: After receiving permission, 153 pregnant women between the ages of 20 and 45 were recruited. Data was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Throughout all three stages, information was gathered on how well they understood the early symptoms: pregnancy, labor, and postpartum (2 days after birth). Results: A total of 63.34% of participants had never heard of BPCR. 7.1% made transportation preparations, 12 percent prepared blood donor arrangements, 27.23 percent arranged emergency funds, and 41.27 percent found a credentialed provider. 64.32% of women chose a health institution for the birth ahead of time, and 62.15% had four or more prenatal appointments. Vaginal bleeding (66.0%), placenta not delivered within 30 minutes of labor (61.2%), and vaginal bleeding (50.23%) were all stated as warning factors during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum, respectively. Conclusion: During all three stages of pregnancy, there was a lack of awareness about BPCR and immediate warning signs. Increased prenatal visits present an incentive to educate mothers about BPCR and warnings in the form of symbols. There was a paucity of understanding regarding BPCR and warning signals in all three periods of pregnancy. Keywords: Antenatal care; Birth preparedness; Postpartum; Labor; Complication readiness; Complications of pregnancy
Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus at 24-34 Weeks of Gestation, with Symptoms of Preterm Labour with and without Rupture of Membrane: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Bhutto Zubeda , Gul Momy , Khan Momna , Maqsood Safia , Khan Rozina , Begum Shahnaz
Published: March 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the Group B Streptococcus in 24 to 34-week pregnant women, with premature labor symptoms with and without the rupture of the amniotic sac. Study design: A case-control study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Gynaecology and Obstetrics Unit at Dow University Hospital Karachi Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2021. Methodology: All of the 60 women were 24 to 34 weeks pregnant and had premature labor symptoms. The women were divided into 2 groups based on whether the amniotic sac was intact or not. The Control group contained women with intact membranes and the case group contained women with ruptured membranes. From all the participants, Group B Streptococcus samples were collected from the vagina at the start of the study. These samples were then cultured. The demographic data and cultural information of all the women were compared in 2 groups. SPSS, chi-square test and t-test were used to analyze the data. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Both the groups showed no significant difference in maternal age with a p-value equal to 0.259, gestational age with a p-value equal to 0.725, gravidity with a p-value equal to 0.536, and history of previous premature deliveries with a p-value equal to 0.926. A total of 10 percent of the women with ruptured amniotic sacs resulted in positive Group B Streptococcus culture. On the other hand, 4 percent of the women with intact amniotic sacsresulted in positive Group B Streptococcus culture. The overall occurrence of Group B Streptococcus was almost 7 percent. Conclusion: The prevalence of Group B Streptococcus was more in pregnant women with ruptured membrane/ amniotic sac than in pregnant women without ruptured membrane. Keywords: Group B Streptococcus, premature labor, ruptured membrane, intact membrane, amniotic sac, culture test
D-Chiro Inositol in Lowering Androgen Levels in Pcos Patients
Authors: Ashraf Anza , Kundi Muhammad Bilal , Arif Syed Usama , Asif Muhammad , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Background and objectives: PCOS affects the endocrine, metabolic, and reproductive systems, resulting in the production of cysts in the women who have it. When provided, D-chiro inositol, a new therapeutic agent, has the potential to enhance the patient's endocrine profile. D-Chiro Inositol is being tested in a new trial to see how well it will help individuals with PCOS reduce their androgen levels. Methodology of the study: This randomised trial took place in the Department of Medical Sciences' outpatient department from June 2020 to March 2021. A random number generator was used to divide 50 women with polycystic ovarian disorder into two groups of 25 each. While another group found a placebo supplement, one received D-Chiro Inositol (600mg per day). A number of androgens were assessed at the start of treatment and again eight weeks later, including LH, FSH, and testosterone. An independent sample T test was used to compare the therapy effects after eight weeks, with a P value of less than 0.05 declared statistical significance. Results: D-Chiro Inositol (D-Chiro Inositol) was shown to be more effective than placebo for patients aged 28.8 to 30.9. D-Chiro Inositol women had a mean BMI of 25.73.6 kg/m2, while placebo women had a BMI of 25.84.2 kg/m2. Testosterone levels in the D-Chiro Inositol group were 78.48 ng/dl, 14.74 microIU/ml, and 10.19 microIU/ml, respectively, while these values were 17.22 microIU/ml, 13.03 microIU/ml, and 86.08% in the placebo group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups (P value 0.05). D-Chiro Inositol seems to be an effective treatment for polycystic ovarian syndrome since it has the capacity to reduce testosterone levels.
Biochemical and Haematological Manifestations as Predictor for Covid-19: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Aziz Sher , . Abdullah , Marwat Saqib , Zeb Muhammad Asif , Ullah Aman
Published: March 2022

Background: Corona virus causes severe pneumonia of idiopathic nature. The clinical manifestation ranges from mild to severe respiratory problems. Due presences of target receptors and the release of chemical mediators, it also affect other organs including the liver and kidney. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of COVID-19 infection on hematological parameters, liver function and renal function. Methods: This multicenter case-control observational study was conducted at Lady reading hospital, Hayatabad medical complex and Khyber teaching hospital Peshawar. A total of 340 samples were processed including 170 COVID-19 patients and 170 control groups. Complete blood count, liver function tests and renal function tests were performed to determine the effect of COVID infection on these parameters. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: In complete blood count, the mean WBC count was 16632.34±7339.94 which was statistically significant with p value less than 0.05. In differential leukocyte count, the mean neutrophil values were 87.79±7.36 which was statistically significant (p=0.00). The mean value of ALT and ALP were 49.47±100.08, 114.43±64.71 respectively which were higher than the control group. Mean value of urea and creatinine were 70.58±41.89, 1.31±1.12 respectively and was statistically significant (p=0.00). Conclusion: it is concluded that COVID-19 infection affects hematological and biochemical parameters including ALT, ALP, urea and creatinine. Hence these manifestations can be used collectively as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Keywords: Covid-19, liver function tests, Kidney Function Tests, blood cell count
Tibial and Femoral Bone Tunnel Position after Arthroscopic Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ullah Saeed , . Asfandyar , Farhan Farhat Muhammed
Published: March 2022

Aim: To assess the tibial and femoral bone tunnel position after arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration: This Study was conducted at ZKS Catogary C Hospital Matta Swat Pakistan from January 2020 to Januray 2021. Methodology: In this study, total 52 patients were included. The tunnel position after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction was determined using a three-dimensional CT scan. SPSS software version 23 used to identify the relation between tunnel positions and ACL reconstruction outcomes. Results: The radiological evaluation indicated that the average length of the femoral tunnel is 43.75 ± 3.2 mm, and the tibial tunnel is 23 ± 4.6 mm. All the bones were anatomically positioned. The coronal and sagittal angles of the tibial and femoral tunnel were 24.7 ± 3.4; 53.2 ± 2.9 degrees and 28.7 ± 3.3; 42.6 ± 2.8 degrees respectively. The X- and Y-axis values of the femoral and tibial tunnel were 26.7 ± 3.8 mm; 43.6 ± 6.5 mm and 46.7 ± 2.8 mm; 32.2 ± 4.6 mm respectively. Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between the sagittal angle of the tibial tunnel to the medial axis and femoral tunnel to the Y-axis indicating that the tibial sagittal angle is a correspondent of the intra-articular femoral tunnel behind the resident’s ridge. In conclusion, these findings may lead to a better and safe surgical procedure with improved clinical outcomes in terms of knee kinematics and risk of complications. Keywords: femoral bone tunnel position, anterior cruciate ligament, arthroscopic reconstruction
A Randomized Control Trial of Combined Surgical and Hormonal Therapy of Endometriosis
Authors: Bala Madhu , Tahir Humaira , Soomro Paras , Maqsood Safia , Nawaz Nadia , Baloch Parigul
Published: March 2022

Aim: To evaluate the three therapy strategies including surgical therapy, hormonal therapy, and combined treatment for the management of endometriosis Study design: A multicentric randomized control trial Place and Duration: This study was conducted in 6 different hospitals of Pakistan, Muhammad Medical and Dental College Ratanabad Mirpurkhas, Social Security Landhi Hospital Karachi, Sindh Government CDF Hospital , Bilawal Medical College for Boys Jamshoro, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur, Bahria International Hospital Karachi, Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta Pakistan Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2021. Methodology: The study included 360 participants with genital endometriosis. The age of the patients ranged from 18 years to 45 years. All the patients did not have any previous surgical intervention. The patients were randomly treated with one of the three treatments. A laparoscopic evaluation was done after three months of hormonal and combined therapy. Re-evaluation of surgically treated patients was done after 5 to 6 months. Stage of endometriosis, recurrence of symptoms, and the rate of pregnancy were noted in the re-evaluation phase of the study. Results: The overall cure rate of all types of endometriosis was 56.11% after every regimen of treatment. The cure rate after treatment from combined therapy was 60%. Those treated exclusively by hormone therapy showed a cure rate of 54.17%. A total of 54.17% of patients were cured exclusively by surgical treatment. The rate of recurrence was lowest in the patients given combined therapy. Dyspareunia and dysmenorrhea were significantly reduced. The overall rate of pregnancy was 53% to 64%. The rate of pregnancy was not different among all the groups. Conclusion: After giving hormonal therapy, surgical treatment, and combined treatment, it has been noticed that recurrence was lowest in the combined medical and surgical treatment group. The rate of pregnancy had also got better after all the means of treatment. The highest rate of cure was achieved by combined therapy. Keywords: Endometriosis, laparoscopy, hormone therapy, combined treatment, infertility, recurrence
Assessment of Presentation and Prevalence of Endometriosis in the Population of Kotri Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Naqvi Nazish , Imtiaz Rahila , Perveen Rizwana , Khalid Sarwat , Rafique Madiha , Memon Hina Akmal
Published: March 2022

Aim: The present study aims at the determination of presentation and prevalence of endometriosis in the Kotri Pakistan. Study design: A cross sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at SESSI Hospital SITE Kotri, Pakistan from June 2019 to July 2020. Methodology: A total of 800 patients were admitted to the gynecology ward. A total of 160 patients were suspected to have endometriosis as their signs and symptoms were indicative of the disease. The age range of the patients was from 17 to 48 years. All the patients underwent laparotomy or laparoscopy for diagnosis and treatment. Individual proforma was filled for all the patients according to the severity of the disease. The stage of the disease for each patient was identified as per American Fertility Society endometriosis staging. Results: The symptoms of endometriosis were prevalent in 160 (20%) of the 800 patients who had been admitted to the ward. A total of 40 (25%) were diagnosed with endometriosis on laparoscopy/laparotomy. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of endometriosis seen during the study period was 5%. Endometriosis is a common women's health issue in the population of Pakistan. Nonetheless, it is underestimated. Its prevalence is high in patients between the ages of 21 years to 30 years. The most common presentation of endometriosis is infertility. A diagnostic laparoscopy must be performed in patients who present with symptoms suggestive of endometriosis. Timely diagnosis and treatment can help in reproduction. Keywords: Endometriosis, infertility, laparoscopy, laparotomy
The Characteristics That Contribute to 30-Day Readmission and Their Risk Factors Following Major Surgical Operations
Authors: Aftab Aatika , Sabir Farzana , Hassan Haseeb Ul , Akbar Khan Sardar Zunair , Qayyum Yasir , Sajjad Sania
Published: March 2022

Aim: Hospital readmission during 30 days after an original hospitalization is being scrutinized as a sign of poor treating patients. The above research looks at the characteristics that contribute to 30-day readmission following major surgical operations. Methods: Preoperative, intraoperative, and perioperative results have been gathered on individuals receiving hospitalized major surgical operations at a degree of academic facility throughout 2019 and 2020 employing standard National Surgical Quality Improvement Project protocol. Our current research was conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from June 2019 to May 2020. To detect unexpected 30-day readmissions, data were integrated using our academic medical information database. For participants whom was granted access, demographic, contraindications, surgery type, complication rates, and ICD-9 coding information have been evaluated. Danger variables linked with 30-day readmission were identified using unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Results: A total of 1,432 general surgery participants were analyzed. Three hundred sixty-three (12.4 percent) of those discharged subsequently readmitted following 30 days. The most prevalent cause for readmission included digestive problems/complications (25.8%), surgical illness (21.4%), and growth retardation (12.6 percent). Disseminated malignancy, dyspnea, and a previous open wound were all linked with an increased likelihood of readmission (p 0.06 including all factors). Pancreatectomy, colectomy, as well as liver removal were among the surgeries performed linked with greater risks of readmission. Blood transfusion, postpartum lung issue, wound irregularity, sepsis/shock, urinary tract infection, and vascular problems were all postoperative events that elevated the chance of readmission. The presence of any postoperative problem (odds ratio 5.21; 96 percent CI, 3.86–7.14) is the most major independent factor for readmission, according to multiple regression models (odds ratio 5.21; 96 percent CI, 3.86–7.14). Conclusion: Postoperative problems tend to promote readmissions in postoperative pain, despite the fact that threats for readmission following general surgical techniques are multifaceted. Postoperative readmissions will indeed be reduced if proper actions are taken to reduce surgical site infections. Keywords: Hospital readmission, 30-day readmission, Surgery.
Eventual Exploration of Thyroidal Surgical Treatment and its Obstacle Proportion Between Hundred Designated Instances
Authors: Sabir Farzana , Qayyum Yasir , Hassan Haseeb Ul , Bangulzai Attaullah , Ghaffar Fahad Bin , Sajjad Sania
Published: March 2022

Aim: In this eventual descriptive research the aim is to evaluate various obstacle of pancreatectomy and how to minimize the possible obstacles. Place and duration: For three years duration from December 2016 to November 2019, the research was led on 100 victims with thyroidal gland treated in the Department of Surgical treatment Unit II, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore. Methodology: Details have been added in a proforma. This research covers all thyroidal goiter instances and were hospitalized. Results: 10 had diff use toxic goitre; 3 victims had toxic multinodular goitre and 1 had toxic adenoma. 100 victims were operated in the above period. 90 women and 10 men; therefore, the ratio of women to men was observed in this research as 9: 1. 60 of these victims had non-toxic multi-molecular goiter; 22 simple diff use goitre; Conclusion: An experienced surgeon should perform thyroidal surgical treatment to prevent obstacles. Thyroidal goiter is a common surgical disorder. We concluded that all victims should be carefully inspected and thoroughly examined. Keywords: Toxic nodule, pancreatectomy Multi-nodular goiter.