bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrospective evaluation of dexamethasone for treatment of suspected critical illness‐related corticosteroid insufficiency in dogs with septic shock (2017–2022): 60 cases
Authors: Gardiner Destinee , Harris Bradley
Published: January 2025

Objective

To retrospectively compare and report vasopressor duration and mortality of septic dogs with hypotension refractory to vasopressor administration (presumed critical illness‐related corticosteroid insufficiency [CIRCI]) treated with or without dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DxSP).

Design

Retrospective study (2017–2022).

Setting

Tertiary referral and teaching hospitals.

Animals

Sixty client‐owned dogs with confirmed or presumed sepsis and vasopressor‐resistant hypotension. Hypotension was defined as systolic arterial pressure < 90 mm Hg or MAP < 65 mm Hg. Vasopressor resistance was defined as hypotension despite therapy with moderate‐ to high‐dose vasopressors (> 0.5 µg/kg/min of norepinephrine IV).

Interventions

None.

Measurements and Main Results

Twenty‐six dogs received DxSP (DxSP group, 0.002–0.39 mg/kg IV, variable frequency), and 34 dogs did not receive a glucocorticoid (non‐DxSP group). The median time to vasopressor discontinuation was 20 hours (interquartile range [IQR]: 21; n = 6) in the DxSP group and 27 hours (IQR: 11; n = 5) in the non‐DxSP group. In the DxSP group, 23% (6/26) of dogs survived to discharge compared with 15% (5/34) of dogs in the non‐DxSP group, which was not significantly different (relative risk: 0.90, 95% confidence interval: 0.70–1.16; P = 0.41). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in time from vasopressor administration to weaning in dogs that survived to discharge (P = 0.43). The median time from steroid administration to vasopressor wean was 15 hours (IQR: 19; n = 6), and the median time from steroid administration to sustained normotension (a systolic blood pressure > 90 mm Hg or a MAP >65 mm Hg for at least 4 h) was 1 hour (IQR: 5; n = 11).

Conclusions

There was no association between DxSP therapy and survival, duration of vasopressor therapy, or time between steroid administration and discontinuation of vasopressor therapy in dogs being treated for sepsis, vasopressor resistance, and suspected CIRCI.
Retrospective evaluation of the incidence and outcome of neutropenia in dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (2017–2022): 54 cases
Authors: Dolan Cormac , Santo‐Domingo Neus Elias
Published: January 2025

Objective

To report the occurrence of neutropenia in dogs with suspected acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) and to assess its association with survival. Secondary objectives were to assess whether neutropenia was associated with length of hospitalization, fulfillment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria, and whether SIRS status was associated with survival. Finally, the association of antimicrobial use with neutropenia, SIRS status, and survival was evaluated.

Design

Single‐center, retrospective study from the medical records of dogs diagnosed with AHDS between 2017 and 2022.

Setting

Private referral hospital.

Animals

Fifty‐four dogs with suspected AHDS referred to the Emergency and Critical Care specialist service.

Interventions

None.

Measurements and Main Results

Of 54 dogs, 28 (52%) presented with or developed neutropenia during their treatment course. Overall, 9 (17%) dogs were nonsurvivors. A total of 8 of 28 (29%) dogs with neutropenia were nonsurvivors, while only 1 of 26 (4%) dogs with a normal neutrophil count was a nonsurvivor (P = 0.025). Upon hospital admission, neutropenic dogs were significantly more likely to fulfill SIRS criteria than nonneutropenic dogs (P = 0.0096). There was no difference in mortality between SIRS‐positive (fulfilling ≥2 SIRS criteria) and SIRS‐negative (fulfilling <2 SIRS criteria) dogs (P = 0.14). There was no difference in the median length of hospitalization between neutropenic and nonneutropenic dogs (P = 0.49).

Conclusions

The incidence of neutropenia is high in this population of dogs presenting with AHDS. In this retrospective study, neutropenia was significantly associated with an increased risk of nonsurvival and an increased likelihood of fulfilling SIRS criteria; however, a fulfillment of SIRS criteria could not be used to predict survival. Neutropenia in dogs with AHDS was not associated with an increased length of hospitalization.
Etnografía y Feminismos. Restituyendo saberes y prácticas de investigación. Researching with GEMMA 2, de Carmen Gregorio Gil y Blanca García Peral (Eds.)
Authors: Herrero Pérez Nieves
Published: January 2025

La obra que comentamos es el segundo volumen de la colección Researching with GEMMA dirigida a mostrar resultados del programa del Máster Erasmus Mundus de Estudios de las Mujeres y de Género (Sánchez-Espinosa y Méndez de la Brena, 2022). Esta formación de posgrado, en la que colaboran siete universidades de seis países europeos, constituye un referente en la temática. Entre ellas, se encuentra la Universidad de Granada, en la que el máster se imparte en el Instituto Internacional de Estudios de las Mujeres y de Género. El protagonismo que tienen en la edición y autoría de estas publicaciones docentes e investigadoras de este Instituto, así como del alumnado que ha pasado por sus aulas, es una buena muestra de su relevancia y liderazgo en el consorcio que promueve la titulación.
Cuerpos y diversidades: desafíos encarnados, de Mónica Cornejo Valle y Maribel Blázquez Rodríguez (Eds.)
Authors: Escobar Fuentes Silvia
Published: January 2025

Este libro, producto de un esfuerzo colectivo del grupo de investigación Antropología, Diversidad y Convivencia (GINADYC) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, recoge, visibiliza y reivindica un campo de investigación tan importante (y controvertido a nivel social en la actualidad) como es el de la diversidad de cuerpos. Más allá de contentarse con un análisis descriptivo, el volumen entrelaza, de forma plausible, los conceptos «diversidad» y «cuerpos»; desafiando tanto los estigmas como las limitaciones impuestas por las normas sociales hegemónicas. En palabras de las editoras (Mónica Cornejo Valle y Maribel Blázquez Rodríguez), la diversidad se vincula de manera estrecha con la corporalidad y con las creencias sociales alrededor del cuerpo (p.10). Esto implica que los cuerpos están sujetos a normas sociales y, por lo tanto, a ser juzgados por su conformidad con tales normas o por su «desviación»; es decir, a ser, por un lado, divinizados por cumplir la hegemonía y, por otro lado, a ser sentenciados por estar fuera de esta. Ya expresaba Turner (1980) que el cuerpo es un recetario en el cual convergen las distintas dinámicas de socialización. Igualmente, la apariencia física en toda su plenitud, no solo en el plano corporal sino también en lo relacionado con la indumentaria, es un elemento primordial en la organización social. Dichas visiones, y expresiones, del cuerpo no son estáticas en el tiempo, sino que van cambiando en función de las necesidades y la posición que ocupe la persona en la estructura social (Lewis, 2003).
Gaze Stability Test Asymmetry Before and After Individualized Rehabilitation in Youth Athletes With Concussion
Authors: Alexander Amy , Sweenie Rachel , Meacham Bradley , Pardini Jamie
Published: January 2025

Context: Concussion causes physiological disruptions, including disruptions to the vestibular and visual systems, which can cause dizziness, imbalance, and blurry vision. The vestibular ocular reflex functions to maintain a stable visual field, which can be measured using the gaze stability test (GST). Design: This preliminary study used retrospective chart review to examine changes in GST performance and asymmetry in a sample of 117 youth athletes with concussion (mean age = 14.51, SD = 2.08) before (T1) and after (T2) they completed a vestibular therapy program that included in-office treatment by a vestibular physical therapist and a customized home exercise program. Examples of exercises that may be assigned in the home exercise program during vestibular therapy are provided. Methods: After examining descriptive information, changes in GST scores and asymmetry percentage between time points were compared via Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results were also compared descriptively with previously published findings. Results: Results revealed significant improvements in median GST in leftward and rightward direction head movements from T1 to T2 and a significant reduction in GST asymmetry (P < .001). Both GST in leftward and rightward direction head movements improved from 145.00 to 210.00°/s, which is above the 50th percentile in previously published literature with uninjured athletes. Asymmetry decreased from an average of 10.07% (SD = 7.89) to 4.11% (SD = 3.88), which is lower than in previously published literature. Conclusions: Concussion produces symptoms that vary among individuals and between injuries. GST velocity and asymmetry values provide objective data about an athlete’s impairment and progress in recovery within the vestibular domain. This can aid in making clinical decisions on return to play progression and promote a successful and safe return to sport.
Validity of Lower-Extremity Strength Between Push- and Pull-Based Handheld Dynamometers: A Technical Report
Authors: Glaviano Neal R. , Zuk Emma F. , Sheldon Lauren , DiStefano Michael , Devaney Laurie
Published: January 2025

Context: Handheld dynamometers provide clinicians an objective measure of lower-extremity force production at the hip and knee. While push-based dynamometers are common in clinical practice, they can be associated with patient discomfort, and standardization of methods is challenging when patient forces can exceed the ability of the rater. Development of novel, pull-based dynamometers allow for better patient comfort, but validity between dynamometers must be established before integration into clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare measurement of lower-extremity force between push- and pull-based handheld dynamometers. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twenty-one healthy triathletes performed isometric hip abduction, hip external rotation, and knee extension testing against 2 separate handheld dynamometers. Pearson product correlations were calculated for the relationship between devices, while Bland–Altman plots were used to measure agreement with limit of agreement to assess systematic bias. Results: Correlations between devices were strong for hip abduction and knee extension (r = .743–.767, P < .001) and moderate for hip external rotation (r = .429, P = .052). Additionally, there was good agreement between the 2 devices, with acceptable limits of agreement across the 3 force tasks. The pull-based dynamometer resulted in greater torque values for knee-extension and hip external rotation, with a mean difference of −0.37 and −0.19 N·m/kg, but there was no difference in hip abduction with a mean difference of 0.03 N·m/kg. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that pull-based dynamometers are an acceptable alternative to push-based dynamometers for hip abduction and knee extension, but some caution may exist for hip external rotation. Clinicians should be aware of differences in lower-extremity force across multiple handheld dynamometers when assessing muscle function in practice.
Spectrum of Primary Gravitational Waves in the Quantum Version of Conformal General Relativity
Authors: Arbuzov A. B. , Nikitenko A. A.
Published: January 2025

The spectral power of primordial gravitational waves is calculated in the quantum version of conformal general relativity. The fundamental variables of quantum gravity in the used approach are special variables, which constitute the dynamic part of the spin connection, rather than components of the metric tensor. It has been shown that the proposed model in the Born approximation reproduces the standard spectral power of primordial gravitational waves generated in the canonical inflation process. This has made it possible to test the quantum version of the conformal theory of gravity in a specific phenomenological problem.
Plasma transfusions in neonatal intensive care units: a prospective observational study
Authors: Houben Nina A M , Fustolo-Gunnink Suzanne , Fijnvandraat Karin , Caram-Deelder Camila , Aguar Carrascosa Marta , Beuchée Alain , Brække Kristin , Cardona Francesco Stefano , Debeer Anne , Domingues Sara , Ghirardello Stefano , Grizelj Ruža , Hadžimuratović Emina , Heiring Christian , Lozar Krivec Jana , Maly Jan , Matasova Katarina , Moore Carmel Maria , Muehlbacher Tobias , Szabo Miklos , Szczapa Tomasz , Zaharie Gabriela , de Jager Justine , Reibel-Georgi Nora Johanna , New Helen V , Stanworth Simon J , Deschmann Emöke , Roehr Charles C , Dame Christof , le Cessie Saskia , van der Bom Johanna G , Lopriore Enrico
Published: January 2025

Objective

Despite lack of evidence supporting efficacy, prophylactic fresh frozen plasma and Octaplas transfusions may be administered to very preterm infants to reduce bleeding risk. International variation in plasma transfusion practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is poorly understood, therefore, we aimed to describe neonatal plasma transfusion practice in Europe.

Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

64 NICUs in 22 European countries, with a 6-week study period per centre between September 2022 and August 2023.

Patients

Preterm infants born below 32 weeks of gestational age.

Interventions

Admission to the NICU.

Main outcome measures

Plasma transfusion prevalence, cumulative incidence, indications, transfusion volumes and infusion rates and adverse effects.

Results

A total of 92 of 1143 infants included (8.0%) received plasma during the study period, collectively receiving 177 transfusions. Overall prevalence was 0.3 plasma transfusion days per 100 admission days, and rates varied substantially across Europe. By day 28 of life, 13.5% (95% CI 10.0% to 16.9%) of infants received at least one plasma transfusion, accounted for competing risks of death or discharge. Transfusions were given for a broad range of indications, including active bleeding (29.4%), abnormal coagulation screen results (23.7%) and volume replacement/hypotension (21.5%). Transfusion volumes and infusion rates varied significantly; the most common volume was 15 mL/kg (range: 5–30 mL/kg) and the most common duration was 2 hours (range: 30 min to 6 hours).

Conclusions

We found wide variation in plasma transfusion practices in Europe, highlighting the need for evidence to inform neonatologists in daily practice and guidelines, in particular for non-bleeding indications.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN17267090.
Multigenerational family coaggregation study of obsessive-compulsive disorder and cardiometabolic disorders
Authors: Holmberg Anna , Pol-Fuster Josep , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Larsson Henrik , Lichtenstein Paul , Chang Zheng , D’Onofrio Brian M , Brikell Isabell , Sidorchuk Anna , Isomura Kayoko , Crowley James J , Martinsson Lina , Rück Christian , Mataix-Cols David , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena
Published: January 2025

Background

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to cardiometabolic disorders. Whether this association is driven by familial factors is unknown. This population-based family study explored the familial co-aggregation of OCD and cardiometabolic disorders.

Methods

We identified 6 049 717 individuals born in Sweden between 1950 and 2008, including 50 212 individuals with OCD, and followed them up to 2020. These individuals were linked to their mothers, fathers, full siblings, maternal and paternal half siblings, aunts, uncles and cousins. We estimated the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic disorders (including obesity, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidaemia), comparing the relatives of probands with and without OCD. Cox proportional hazards regression models, incorporating time-varying exposures, estimated HRs.

Results

OCD was associated with an increased risk of CVD (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.43 to 1.51), obesity (HR 1.69; 95% CI 1.63 to 1.74), type 2 diabetes (HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.90 to 2.12) and hyperlipidaemia (HR 1.42; 95% CI 1.33 to 1.52). The relatives of probands with OCD exhibited small increased risks of CVD (HRs from 1.01 to 1.11) and obesity (HRs from 1.03 to 1.20). Slightly increased risks for type 2 diabetes were observed in mothers (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.15) and full siblings (HR 1.12; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.20), while for hyperlipidaemia it was only observed in mothers (HR 1.06; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.10).

Conclusions

Our results do not support a major contribution of familial factors to the association between OCD and cardiometabolic disorders, suggesting a more prominent role of unique environmental factors.
Qualitative systematic review on the lived experience of functional neurological disorder
Authors: Szasz Andrea , Korner Anthony , McLean Loyola
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a complex disorder, recently attracting much research into aetiology and treatment. However, there is limited research on the patient’s lived experience. This paper addresses this gap to ask: ‘What is the subjective life experience of adult patients living with FND?’

Methods

From 1980 to 2020, Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, CINAHL and Embase were searched for English language qualitative adult research. The disciplines used general medicine, psychiatry, physiotherapy, nursing, neurology, psychosomatic medicine and occupational therapy. The qualitative literature search included book chapters, theses, fellowship reports and conference articles as well as peer-reviewed scientific journals.

The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool was used to assess 33 papers, with eight papers included in the final synthesis. Nine additional papers, suggested during review, were evaluated but excluded from synthesis, though incorporated elsewhere in the paper. Two authors used an integrative immersion approach to identify the literature’s main themes using line-by-line and top-down methods.

Results

Eight main themes were identified: lost, body–mind dualism, preceding stressful events, relatedness, stigma, the battle or fight, the burden and losses of the illness and trust versus mistrust. From these emerged a central overarching theme of relationally regulated selves, which posits the essence of the lived experience of FND as responding to stressful experiences within a relational, regulatory context.

Conclusions

The prevalent themes give valuable insight into the lived experience of FND and the impact of stressors, past and present, and the relational environment in the development of and recovery from the disorder. Further research is needed to support the formulation of the patient experience and cocreated recovery pathways.
Tranexamic acid for neck of femur fractures in the emergency department
Authors: Williams Callum , Butt Zahra
Published: January 2025

A short systematic review of the literature was undertaken to assess whether tranexamic acid (TXA) administration in the ED for neck of femur fractures was associated with improved outcomes for patients undergoing surgery. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases were searched. Four relevant papers were identified by our search strategy. The author, date, country, study population, study type, outcomes, key results and study weaknesses were tabulated. Our results suggest early TXA administration in the ED for extracapsular neck of femur fractures appears to be safe and may reduce the need for perioperative blood transfusions.
Impact of hospital readmission site on outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy: a nationwide analysis
Authors: Wu Moxin , Shu Liqi , Mawad Mariel , Nguyen Thanh N , Siegler James E , Luo Anqi , Guo Xiaofan , Strelecky Lukas , Xiao Han , Furie Karen , Yaghi Shadi
Published: January 2025

Background

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) significantly improves outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. There is limited understanding of how the site of hospital readmission after MT influences patient outcomes. Addressing this gap may be important for optimizing post-MT care and improving long-term outcomes for stroke patients.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using data from the Nationwide Readmissions Database, focusing on acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent MT between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable Cox regression and Fine and Gray competing risks models were used to assess the impact of readmission site on patient outcomes, including mortality and the likelihood of discharge to home.

Results

The analysis included 18 330 patients readmitted within 90 days post-MT, with 63.7% readmitted to index hospitals and 36.3% to non-index hospitals. Readmission to the index hospital was not significantly associated with mortality but was linked to a higher likelihood of discharge to home (subdistributed HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.32, P<0.001), a lower likelihood of longer hospital stay (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.90, P<0.001), and lower hospital cost (β = −3345.25, 95% CI −5786.46 to −904.04, P=0.007).

Conclusion

This nationwide analysis suggests that for acute ischemic stroke patients treated with MT, readmission to index hospitals within 90 days is associated with a higher likelihood of home discharge, shorter length of stay, and lower hospital cost. Further research is warranted to better understand the underlying causes of these disparities and to enhance continuity of care for this vulnerable patient population.
CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: what can we learn from the haematologist?
Authors: Kuipers Maria Theresa , Kersten Marie José
Published: January 2025

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, originally developed for haematological malignancies, has recently emerged as a promising therapy for patients with autoimmune diseases. By selectively depleting CD19-positive B-cells, this therapy brings a new approach in resetting immune dysregulation and potentially providing long-term remission for patients with a refractory disease. Recent reports have highlighted its effectiveness in conditions such as SLE, systemic sclerosis and myositis. However, while these early results are encouraging, questions remain regarding strategies for optimal patient selection and minimising toxicity on the short and long term. The experiences with CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in haematology may offer valuable insights for immunologists and rheumatologists. This article reviews the key principles learnt in haematology, the results and the mechanisms behind its efficacy, toxicities, and the challenges that need to be addressed for its broader application in clinical practice.
One way or another, you are not going to fit: trans and gender diverse people’s perspectives on sexual health services in the United Kingdom
Authors: Witney Tom , Rait Greta , Saunders John , Hobbs Lorna , Mitchell Laura , Stewart Jay , McDonagh Lorraine K
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Trans and/or gender diverse (T/GD) people in the UK are less likely to access sexual health services (SHS) than cisgender people and are more likely to report negative experiences. The British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) developed expert recommendations for T/GD-inclusive SHS, but these lack service user perspectives. This study addressed this gap by asking T/GD people how SHS could be T/GD-inclusive.

Methods

Semistructured interviews (n=33) and focus groups (n=26) were conducted with T/GD people aged 17–71 years old recruited through community organisations and social media, exploring experiences of SHS and inclusivity. Study design, materials and analysis were informed by T/GD people and an advisory committee of charities and sexual health clinicians. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, managed using NVivo.

Results

Participants often expected that SHS were not set up for T/GD people. This was reinforced by poor experiences in other healthcare settings and the lack of information on NHS websites. Some participants had been denied care because they were ‘too complex’. Participants wanted to know that SHS had engaged with the needs of T/GD people and looked for hallmarks of inclusivity, such as Trans Pride flags in reception areas. Some participants wanted specialist T/GD services, but others preferred to access general SHS. Staff attitudes were a key factor underpinning inclusivity. Anticipating having their identity questioned or needs dismissed, participants sought kindness and openness. Although the needs of T/GD people are diverse and different from cisgender service users, participants stressed that SHS staff already had the skills to deliver sensitive person-centred care and emphasised the value of inclusive SHS.

Conclusion

These findings provide insight into what a sample of T/GD people in the UK consider important for T/GD-inclusive SHS. Participants’ suggestions align with and reinforce BASHH expert recommendations. Importantly, they highlight the need for ongoing engagement to deliver T/GD-inclusive SHS.
Financial toxicity and firearm injury: exploring financial needs of participants in a hospital-based violence intervention program
Authors: Reyes Ana M , McKenzie Carlene , Scott Meghan , Haggerty Christopher R , Valenzuela Julie Y
Published: January 2025

Background

Financial toxicity refers to financial hardship experienced because of illness or injury. Poverty is a known driver of community violence, but financial toxicity has not been studied in firearm violence survivors. The objective of our study was to explore the financial needs of firearm violence survivors enrolled in a hospital-based violence intervention program (HVIP). We hypothesized that survivors would report numerous financial needs.

Methods

This was a mixed-methods, retrospective study of firearm violence survivors enrolled in the Miami-Dade County HVIP from 2022 to 2023. Patients were eligible for enrollment if they were injured in shooting incidents that occurred in Miami-Dade police districts with high rates of group violence or gang-related violence. Social worker intake and longitudinal case records were reviewed. A qualitative thematic analysis of social worker notes was performed. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and χ2tests for association.

Results

103 patients were enrolled in the program. The median age was 27 years. The majority of patients were black (82.5%) and male (83.5%). More patients were insured (59.2%) than uninsured (40.8%). Thematic analysis revealed 10 distinct financial needs, including assistance with victim crime compensation (75.7% of patients), medical bills (35.0%), wage loss (22.3%), insurance applications (14.6%), burial (13.6%), and emergency relocation (12.6%). Overall, financial needs were identified for 94 (91.3%) patients: 91 (88.3%) at initial program intake and 3 additional patients (2.9%) during longitudinal case management.

Conclusions

Survivors of firearm violence experience financial challenges after injury. Thus, financial support and assessment for financial toxicity should be included in firearm violence survivorship programs. Future investigations should use validated measures to study the financial toxicity of firearm violence survivors longitudinally.
Randomized clinical trial of peer integrated collaborative care intervention after physical injury
Authors: Zatzick Douglas F , Bulger Eileen M , Thomas Peter , Engstrom Allison , Iles-Shih Matt , Russo Joan , Wang Jin , Shoyer Jake , Conde Cristina , Abu Khadija , Birk Navneet , Palinkas Lawrence , Heagerty Patrick , Whiteside Lauren K , Ryan Paige , Knutzen Tanya , Maier Ronald
Published: January 2025

Objectives

The goal of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of a peer integrated collaborative care intervention for postinjury outcomes.

Methods

Injury survivors ≥18 years of age were screened for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and severe postinjury concerns; screen-positive patients were randomized to the intervention versus enhanced usual care control conditions. The collaborative care intervention included peer support and care management. The intervention also included evidence-based pharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic elements targeting PTSD. The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted recruitment between March and June 2020; in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the peer component of the intervention went from in-person to virtual delivery. The primary outcomes were PTSD symptoms assessed with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition PTSD checklist, any severe postinjury concerns, and emergency department/inpatient utilization followed over the 12 months postinjury. Secondary outcomes included patient satisfaction with emotional healthcare.

Results

A total of 450 patients were randomized to the intervention (n=225) and control (n=225) conditions; 124 patients (28%) were recruited and completed all study assessments prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, while 326 patients (72%) were recruited after and/or had one or more study follow-ups occur postpandemic onset. Mixed model regression revealed no statistically significant comparisons for any of the primary outcomes. In exploratory models that examined the impact of COVID-19, significantly improved PTSD symptoms were present at 3 months pre-COVID-19 relative to post-COVID-19. Intervention patients consistently demonstrated higher satisfaction with emotional aspects of healthcare (F(5,1652)=2.87, p=0.01).

Conclusions

The intervention demonstrated no significant improvements in primary outcomes in the intent-to-treat sample. The peer integrated collaborative care intervention contributed to higher patient satisfaction with the emotional aspects of healthcare.

Level of evidence

Level II, randomized clinical trial.

Trial registration number

NCT03569878.
Improved background modeling for dark matter search with COSINE-100
Authors:   (COSINE-100 Collaboration), Yu G. H. , Carlin N. , Cho J. Y. , Choi J. J. , Choi S. , Ezeribe A. C. , França L. E. , Ha C. , Hahn I. S. , Hollick S. J. , Jeon E. J. , Joo H. W. , Kang W. G. , Kauer M. , Kim B. H. , Kim H. J. , Kim J. , Kim K. W. , Kim S. H. , Kim S. K. , Kim W. K. , Kim Y. D. , Kim Y. H. , Ko Y. J. , Lee D. H. , Lee E. K. , Lee H. , Lee H. S. , Lee H. Y. , Lee I. S. , Lee J. , Lee J. Y. , Lee M. H. , Lee S. H. , Lee S. M. , Lee Y. J. , Leonard D. S. , Luan N. T. , Manzato B. B. , Maruyama R. H. , Neal R. J. , Olsen S. L. , Park B. J. , Park H. K. , Park H. S. , Park J. C. , Park K. S. , Park S. D. , Pitta R. L. C. , Prihtiadi H. , Ra S. J. , Rott C. , Shin K. A. , Cavalcante D. F. F. S. , Son M. K. , Spooner N. J. C. , Truc L. T. , Yang L.
Published: January 2025

COSINE-100 aims to conclusively test the claimed dark matter annual modulation signal detected by DAMA/LIBRA collaboration. DAMA/LIBRA has released updated analysis results by lowering the energy threshold to 0.75 keV through various upgrades. They have consistently claimed to have observed an annual modulation. In COSINE-100, it is crucial to lower the energy threshold for a direct comparison with DAMA/LIBRA, which also enhances the sensitivity of the search for low-mass dark matter, enabling COSINE-100 to explore this area. Therefore, it is essential to have a precise and quantitative understanding of the background spectrum across all energy ranges. This study expands the background modeling from 0.7 to 4000 keV using 2.82 years of COSINE-100 data. The modeling has been improved to describe the background spectrum across all energy ranges accurately. Assessments of the background spectrum are presented, considering the nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) crystals at both low and high energies and the characteristic X-rays produced by the interaction of external backgrounds with materials such as copper. Additionally, constraints on the fit parameters obtained from the alpha spectrum modeling fit are integrated into this model. These improvements are detailed in the paper.
The ALICE 3 detector concept for LHC Runs 5 and 6 and its physics performance
Authors: Vértesi Róbert
Published: January 2025

The LHC Run 5 and 6 data taking phases will deliver unprecedented luminosity in high-energy proton-proton and heavy-ion collisions, enabling insightful advancements in understanding quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and, in particular, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The ALICE Collaboration proposes ALICE 3, a next-generation experiment optimized for these future LHC operations. ALICE 3 will feature a cutting edge pixel-based tracking system with broad pseudorapidity coverage (|

$$\eta$$

η

|<4), supplemented by advanced particle identification systems. These include silicon time-of-flight layers, a ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, a dedicated muon identification system, and an electromagnetic calorimeter. A novel retractable vertex detector inside the beam pipe will achieve a track pointing resolution lower than 10 microns for transverse momenta above 200 MeV/c. ALICE 3 aims to conduct innovative measurements of QGP properties and extend the frontiers of our knowledge in QCD. The detailed study of thermal and dynamical properties of the QGP will be made possible by measuring low-transverse-momentum heavy-flavour production, including beauty hadrons, multi-charm baryons, and charm-charm correlations. Precise multi-differential measurements of dielectron emission will shed light on chiral-symmetry restoration and the time-evolution of QGP temperature. In addition to QGP studies, ALICE 3 will uniquely address the physics of hadronic phase, exploring charm meson interaction potentials via femtoscopy, and searching for exotic nuclei with charm quarks. This contribution presents the detector concept, expected physics performance, and the current status of the research and development efforts.
Hedging by the Gaya Confederacy of Korea: Historical Lessons for Contemporary East Asia?
Authors: HOWE Brendan M
Published: January 2025

Hedging is an essentially contested concept. Originally borrowed from the discipline of economics, it has become prevalent in the discourse on policy prescription in the Asia-Pacific. It is most often referenced with regard to geopolitical challenges of great power contestation faced by secondary powers in Northeast and Southeast Asia. Hedging is often regarded as a strategy to maintain relevance and autonomy in the face of competition between the United States and China. This article investigates the prevalence of hedging in the East Asian region, followed by a case analysis of Gaya. The author offers policy recommendations based on insights gained from ancient Gaya. He argues that, like the polities of the Gaya confederacy, contemporary second-tier states in the Asia-Pacific should cooperate closely, with the common objective of navigating the US–China rivalry. By ensuring their survival and prosperity, they can also contribute to the development of a geopolitical environment characterised by “co-existence”.
Toward the Construction of Affective Brain-Computer Interface: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Huayu , Li Junxiang , He Huanhuan , Zhu Jing , Sun Shuting , Li Xiaowei , Hu Bin
Published: January 2025

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based affective computing aims to recognize the emotional state, which is the core technology of affective brain-computer interface (aBCI). This concept encompasses aspects of physiological computing, human-computer interaction, mental health care, and brain-computer interfaces, presenting significant theoretical and practical value. However, the field reached a bottleneck stage due to EEG individual difference issues, causing various challenges to achieve a fundamental aBCI. In this review, we collected some representative works from 2019 to 2023. Combining the historical exploration process and research approaches of EEG-based emotion recognition, a comprehensive understand of current research status was conducted. Furthermore, we analyzed the main obstacles for emotion recognition modeling. To construct a reasonable aBCI, we envisioned the working scenarios, developmental stages, and key impact factors based on the existing EEG physiology knowledge. From the practical application perspective, we evaluated the theoretical significance, implementation difficulty, and real-world limitations of different approaches. By synthesizing the merits and drawbacks of various techniques, we proposed a theoretically feasible aBCI framework under the restrictions of real-world application scenarios. Finally, we suggested several research topics that have not been thoroughly investigated to broaden the research scope and accelerate the development of aBCIs.
MGRL4RE: A Multi-Graph Representation Learning Approach for Urban Region Embedding
Authors: Chen Meng , Li Zechen , Jia Hongwei , Shao Xin , Zhao Jun , Gao Qiang , Yang Min , Yin Yilong
Published: January 2025

Using multi-modal data to learn region representations has gained popularity for its ability to reveal diverse socioeconomic features in cities. However, many studies focus solely on semantic features from points-of-interest (POIs), neglecting the issue of spatial imbalance. This paper introduces a Multi-Graph Representation Learning framework for Region Embedding (MGRL4RE), which leverages both inter-region and intra-region correlations through two main components: multi-graph construction based on various region correlations and multi-graph representation learning. The construction module creates a multi-graph reflecting various correlations among regions, utilizing geo-tagged POIs, region data, and human mobility data. Specifically, we assess a region's importance relative to its spatial context (neighborhood) and develop spatially invariant semantic features to address spatial imbalance. Further, the representation learning module generates comprehensive and effective region representations via multi-view embedding fusion. Our extensive experiments across various downstream tasks, including land use clustering, region popularity prediction, and crime prediction, confirm that our model significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art region embedding methods.
Towards Predicting Urban Land Use Changes: A Dynamic Graph Alignment Perspective
Authors: Fan Yu , Lu Xinjiang , Liu Hao , Wang Pengfei , Liu Liang , Ma Huadong , Zhou Jingbo
Published: January 2025

Urban land use, intrinsically linked to people’s daily activities, undergoes continuous evolution, presenting a complex interplay that remains partially understood. To bridge this gap, our study leverages fine-grained human mobility data to predict these changes, adopting a novel approach that conceptualizes “community-level” land use shifts as a regression problem and represents citywide changes through dynamic graphs. We harness recent advancements in graph neural networks (GNNs), which, despite their success in various applications, face challenges in directly predicting land use changes due to the temporal mismatch between the slow evolution of urban land and the immediacy of human mobility data. Our research stands out by introducing a temporal skeleton for dynamic GNNs to synchronize human activity graphs with urban land use changes, a dynamic heterogeneous GNN approach for integrating diverse human activity data to capture essential temporal dependencies, and a novel algorithm powered by causal inference to elucidate the primary factors influencing land use predictions at the community level, all of which contribute to a training process informed by the generated causal graph. Empirically validated on three real-world datasets, our model demonstrates a performance leap over state-of-the-art baselines, marking a pivotal step toward understanding and predicting the dynamics of urban land use.
Chemerin is a new sex-specific target in aortic stenosis concomitant with diabetes regulated by the aldosterone/mineralocorticoid receptor axis
Authors: Goñi-Olóriz Miriam , Garaikoetxea Zubillaga Mattie , San Ildefonso-García Susana , Fernández-Celis Amaya , Castillo Paula , Navarro Adela , Álvarez Virginia , Sádaba Rafael , Jover Eva , Martín-Núñez Ernesto , López-Andrés Natalia
Published: January 2025

Chemerin is upregulated in AV of male diabetic patients with AS, correlating with valve degeneration markers and influenced by Aldo/MR activation. This highlights chemerin as a sex-specific target for AS therapy.
Analysis of Functional Cis-regulatory Elements Reveals Novel Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms in Gonadal Development
Authors: Kirino Shizuka , Nakagawa Ryuichi , Gau Maki , Takasawa Kei , Murakawa Yasuhiro , Kawaji Hideya , Hayashizaki Yoshihide , Morio Tomohiro , Kashimada Kenichi
Published: January 2025

Recent studies have demonstrated that the production of bidirectional enhancer-derived transcripts (eRNAs) is a characteristic of an active Cis-regulatory element (CRE). Higher levels of eRNA synthesis correlate with the activation of histone modifications, a potentially valuable tool for deciphering the complexity of the gene regulatory network.
To understand the changes of CREs during gonadal development in mice, we collected gonadal WT1-positive cells from the piggyBac-Wt1-mCherry-2A-EGFP (PBWt1-RG) reporter strain at E13.5, E16.5, and P0 in both sexes and conducted Cap Analysis of Gene Expression analysis (CAGE) which is capable to capture transcriptional starting site (TSS). We compared the levels of intergenic bidirectional RNA, i.e, potentially eRNA, according to sex at each stage (testis somatic cells vs ovary somatic cells at E13.5, E16.5, and P0) and stage in each sex (E13.5 vs E16.5, E16.5 vs P0, and E13.5 vs P0 in testis somatic cells or ovary somatic cells). Intergenic RNAs with significant changes (|Log2FC| > 1, p < 0.05) were selected.
The TSS profile of intergenic RNA changed more profoundly in testis somatic cells than in ovary somatic cells, suggesting embryonic testicular development is driven by larger changes in a transcriptional regulatory network than ovarian development. Based on the profiles of the predicted transcription factors (TFs) that would bind to the active CREs during gonadal development, the NR4A, EGR, and TCF3 families would be novel TFs to play pivotal roles in gonadal development.
Identifying active CREs using eRNAs would provide a means to comprehensively understand the transcriptional regulatory system, leading to valuable insights into the gonadal development of male and female individuals.
Validity and Accuracy of the Derived Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure in Impella 5.5
Authors: Poyanmehr Reza , Hanke Jasmin S. , Boethig Dietmar , Merzah Ali Saad , Karsten Jan , Frank Paul , Hinteregger Martin , Zubarevich Alina , Dogan Günes , Schmitto Jan D. , Schäfer Andreas , Napp L. Christian , Popov Aron Frederik , Weymann Alexander , Bauersachs Johann , Ruhparwar Arjang , Schmack Bastian
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Consensus regarding on-support evaluation and weaning concepts from Impella 5.5 support is scarce. The derived left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (dLVEDP), estimated by device algorithms, is a rarely reported tool for monitoring the weaning process. Its validation and clinical accuracy have not been studied in patients. We assess dLVEDP’s accuracy in predicting pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and propose a corrective equation.

METHODS:

We included 29 consecutive patients treated with Impella 5.5: 12 in a generation cohort and 17 in a validation cohort. dLVEDP and PCWP were measured 5-fold every 8 hours during support, totaling 698 series with 3490 measurements. Variables such as Impella 5.5 performance level, heart rhythm, pacemaker settings, sex, mechanical ventilation, and body mass index were recorded. Linear regression was used to correct dLVEDP-PCWP discrepancies. Analysis included Bland-Altman plots, linear regression, histograms, and violin plots.

RESULTS:

The raw dLVEDP and PCWP data did not coincide satisfactorily. The Impella 5.5 dLVEDP overestimation was 3.5±1.5 mm Hg (mean±SD), increasing with higher pressures and unaffected by cardiac rhythm, mechanical ventilation, and performance levels. Statistical correction using the formula modified dLVEDP=−0.457+(1−sex[1=male, 0=female])×0.719−0.0496× body mass index+1.015×body surface area+0.811×dLVEDP significantly reduced the overestimation (
P
<0.01) to 0.0±1.2 mm Hg.

CONCLUSIONs:

dLVEDP, calculated by the Impella 5.5 Smart Algorithm, is a feasible and effective tool for continuously monitoring PCWP at performance levels 3 to 9. Correction of dLVEDP by using the described equation further enhances its accuracy. Hence, hemodynamic surveillance via dLVEDP may aid in managing and weaning temporary microaxial support, potentially reducing the need for continuous monitoring with a Swan-Ganz catheter.
Creation and Evaluation of the Freezing Rain Accumulation National Analysis (FRANA) in Preparation for NWS Operations
Authors: Tripp Daniel D. , Werkema Adam D. , Reeves Heather D. , Barjenbruch Brian L. , Sanders Kristopher J.
Published: January 2025

In response to a National Weather Service (NWS) requirement for a gridded analysis of ice accumulation, the Freezing Rain Accumulation National Analysis (FRANA) is created for nowcasting and postevent verification of freezing rain/drizzle (FZRA/FZDZ) ice accumulations. This product generates CONUS-wide hourly flat and radial ice accumulations for 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-h windows. The core science algorithm within FRANA that converts liquid to ice accumulation is the Freezing Rain Accumulation Model (FRAM). The inputs to FRANA come from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh analyses of 2-m wet-bulb temperature and 10-m wind speed and the Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) hourly multisensor quantitative precipitation estimate. An additional trace ice footprint was added to FRANA to help forecasters identify areas of light FZRA/FZDZ. A 3-yr retrospective analysis reveals that FRANA can overestimate or underestimate the icing footprint due to NWP temperature uncertainty, precipitation-type error, radar overshooting, precipitation evaporating below the lowest radar tilt, or MRMS quality control. For accumulating ice, FRANA has a modest RMSE of 1.27 mm (0.05 in.) and event-maximum errors typically less than 2.54 mm (0.1 in.). In fact, 88% of the events in the study had less than 2.54-mm (0.1 in.) absolute error which is within the tolerance range for many operational applications. Additionally, lower storm-total accumulations are found to be associated with lower absolute error. Example events show how FRANA can provide guidance to forecasters on the spatial extent of icing as well as “hotspots” where higher accumulations may cause significant socioeconomic disruptions.

Significance Statement

Freezing rain is a dangerous form of precipitation that can cause slippery roads and power outages. While the National Weather Service (NWS) generates forecasts of ice accumulations, there are limited validation data available to evaluate the accuracy of these forecasts. Moreover, there is no real-time analysis of ice accumulation to aid in nowcasting. The aim of this research is to produce such an analysis and is referred to as the Freezing Rain Accumulation National Analysis (FRANA). It was found that FRANA is skillful and can provide guidance to forecasters on ice accumulations in areas where there are no weather stations to observe ice. The areas where FRANA performs poorly are typically associated with poor/contaminated radar coverage or weather model/algorithm errors.