bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUÍMICA DE PRODUCTOS NATURALES COMO FUENTE DE MOLÉCULAS BIOACTIVAS
Authors: Echeverri López Luis Fernando
Published: October 2023

Los productos naturales son fuente de moléculas con aplicaciones en diferentes campos de la vida humana. En este artículo se describe el aislamiento, la identificación y la actividad de varios metabolitos secundarios obtenidos de plantas colombianas. Estos incluyen sustancias con aplicación en agronomía y en farmacología humana y animal. También se mencionan algunos aspectos relacionados con la bioprospección y la utilización de esos metabolitos.
TWO ADDITIONAL NEW SPECIES OF ELEUTHERODACTYLUS (LEPTODACTYLIDAE) FROM SOUTHWESTERN COLOMBIA
Authors: Lynch John D. , Suárez-Mayorga Ángela M.
Published: October 2023

Two new species of the unistrigatus group of Eleutherodactylus are described from the Andes in southern Colombia. One is known from 1500 to 2600 m in western Caquetá and adjacent Huila—this species is related to E. chloronotus and E. vicarius. The other is known from two localities in northern Depto. de Cauca and appears to be the sister species of E. spinosus, known from the eastern flanks of the Andes in southern Ecuador.
A implementação dos itinerários formativos no currículo do novo ensino médio nas escolas públicas do Estado do Espírito Santo
Authors: De Souza Vagner , Guimarães Vanessa Cardoso , Monteiro Sandra Renata Muniz , Lima Marcelo
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo em diálogo com a base legal do Novo Ensino Médio e bibliografia específica do campo “Trabalho e Educação” analisa a proposta de itinerários formativos elaborados pela secretaria de educação do Estado do Espírito Santo a ser implementada nas unidades de ensino da Rede pública Estadual, destacando seus limites epistemológicos e temporais e ressalta suas implicações curriculares e formativas de caráter fragmentário e restritivo.
Проблемы реализации пожизненного лишения свободы
Authors: Савин А.А.
Published: October 2023

В статье анализируются проблемы исполнения наказания в виде пожизненного лишения свободы. Обозначаются вопросы, подлежащие регулированию в силу их несовершенства в системе исполнения наказаний в этой сфере, и раскрывается необходимость активного развития указанной системы. Пожизненное лишение свободы, на сегодняшний день, является исключительной мерой наказания, существенно ограничивающее человека в правах, в связи с чем, этот институт заслуживает особого внимания и изучения.
Перспективы развития цифровизации государственного управления
Authors: Островецкая Ю.А.
Published: October 2023

В статье исследуется цифровизация государственного управления, рассмотрен процесс эволюции цифровизации в России. Автором проанализированы перспективы развития цифровизации государственного управления, рост доли граждан, использующих Единый портал государственных и муниципальных услуг, проактивное оказание государственных электронных услуг гражданам.
Основные особенности банкротства физических лиц
Authors: Обертинский В.А.
Published: October 2023

Актуальность данной тематики сейчас очень высокая, так как существуют отличительные особенности банкротства физических лиц в Российской Федерации. Также следует затронуть основные преимущества и недостатки осуществления данной процедуры в настоящий момент. Стоит затронуть историю данного института в Российской Федерации, а также затронуть период его активного развития на территории нашего государства.
The role of transcranial direct current stimulation in diminishing the risk of pneumonia in patients with dysphagia: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Authors: Farpour Sima , Asadi-Shekaari Majid , Borhani-Haghighi Afshin , Farpour Hamid Reza , Rostamihosseinkhani Mahtab
Published: October 2023

Background: Dysphagia can be a life-threatening issue for post-stroke patients, with aspiration pneumonia (AP) being a common risk. However, there is hope through the potential combination of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and classical behavior therapy. Our study aims to investigate the effectiveness of this combination in diminishing the risk of AP in patients with dysphagia who suffered from stroke.
Methods: In this randomized, parallel-group, blinded clinical trial, 48 patients were allocated into the sham group (speech therapy + 30 seconds of tDCS) and the real group (speech therapy + 20 minutes of tDCS). We used the Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (MASA) as an assessment tool. We assessed patients at baseline, one day after treatment, and at a one-month follow-up.
Results: Groups showed no significant difference at baseline. After treatment, the real group showed a significant difference in the severity risk of AP (P = 0.02); the same was for the follow-up (P = 0.04). The number of patients showing severe risk of AP was higher in the sham group after treatment (n = 13, 54.20%) and at follow-up (n = 4, 18.20%) than the real group (n = 4, 16.70%; n = 1, 4.50%, respectively). None of the patients reported the history of AP at any stage of assessment.
Conclusion: Although the results were more promising in the real group than the sham group in reducing the risk of AP, both techniques can prevent AP. Therefore, we recommend early dysphagia management to prevent AP regardless of the treatment protocol.
Criticism of Curriculum Quality Assessment Models: A Narrative Review
Authors: Heydari Fard Zahra , Tahmasebi Ghorrabi Ahmad , Goharinezhad Salime , Masoudi Asl Iravan , Dahim Alireza
Published: October 2023

Context: Curricula are the heart of educational centers, and their continuous evaluation and revision are among the necessities of a sustainable and responsive program to respond to the needs of the beneficiaries who use them. Evaluation models are not comprehensive and are associated with shortcomings. The current review has investigated curriculum evaluation models using a narrative approach. In this research, curricula definitions, curriculum elements and components, how to evaluate their usefulness and quality, the necessity of revising and changing if needed, and finally, their criticisms were discussed. Curriculum evaluation models have strengths and weaknesses; however, curriculum evaluation is a necessity for every country due to its importance in improving the level of education and training of specialized human resources. It is suggested to design a new model suitable for the environmental and educational conditions of each country using the existing models.
A Study Investigating Factors Related to Self-Immolation and Its Association with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Women of Reproductive Ages
Authors: Kazemzadeh Jafar , Rabiepoor Soheila , Alizadeh Saeedeh
Published: October 2023

Background: Self-immolation is one of the most common methods of suicide among Iranian women. This study was designed and conducted to investigate factors related to self-immolation and its association with depression, anxiety, and stress in women of reproductive age.
Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was performed on self-immolated women admitted to the burn ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia during the years 2021-2020 the nineteen women of reproductive ages were included in the study through convenience and census. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and DASS-21.
Results: The average age of the participants in this project was 29.57 ± 7.79 years. About half of the women lived in rural areas and lived in the house of their father-in-law and lived with him. And the wife's family stated. Most of them were married, housewives and Kurdish speakers had low incomes and economic status and undergraduate education, and most of them had set themselves on fire with oil. 89.5% of the participants had severe depression, 94.5% had severe anxiety, and 52.6% had severe stress.
Conclusion: This study showed that the rate of depression, anxiety, and stress is high in women who have attempted suicide by self-immolation. It is suggested that special measures be taken to reform the culture of the northwestern region of the country to perhaps reduce the burden of the problems of women in this region.
Geological structure and reservoir productivity of Pre-Jurassic basement rocks of the Sredne-Nazymskoye oil field (Western Siberia): new data
Authors: Shmakov Vadim D. , Kaskov Nikita R. , Bakulin Aleksey A. , Shorokhova Anna P.
Published: October 2023

he main tool for increasing of oil reserves are exploration works. Improving the scientific and technical support for exploration is a priority task for the oil industry. The article deals with the development of technology for prospecting and exploration of hydrocarbon deposits in the Pre-Jurassic basement rocks of Western Siberian oil and gas province, as well as approaches to improving the reliability of mapping prospective zones using seismic data. Using the example of the Sredne-Nazymskoye field, the seismogeological aspects of the forecast of oil and gas potential of the Pre-Jurassic complex and the main directions for reducing the uncertainties of the geological structure are shown.
Evaluation of the content and degradation rates of PAHs in biochars, in terms of assessing the environmental risks of their application for soil remediation
Authors: Okunev Rodion V. , Smirnova Elena V. , Giniyatullin Kamil G.
Published: October 2023

The growing worldwide practice of biochar application as soil ameliorants, as well as adsorbents for remediation of soil contaminated with oil products and heavy metals, can lead to an increase the risk of environmental pollution by pyrolysis by-products. One of the most dangerous components of biochars is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are inevitably formed during the production of pyrogenic material. In this work, biochars obtained from various plant materials (millet, corn, willow, linden) under different pyrolysis temperatures were tested for the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The total content of PAHs in the studied samples ranged from 8.49 to 221.21 µg/kg, which does not exceed the limit concentrations established by the International Biochar Initiative. At the same time, polynuclear hydrocarbons with high carcinogenic and immunotoxic properties are found in the composition of biochars. A natural question arises about the effect of the final pyrolysis temperature on the total content and composition of PAHs in pyrolysis by-products. To study the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil, linden biochar obtained by pyrolysis at 250 °C was used, from which the contaminants were extracted and applied to the soil so that the concentration of the marker was 20 and 40 µg/kg. The determination of the residual amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was carried out after 1, 2, 6, and 11 months of incubation. Complete degradation of some 3–5-membered polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was found after 1–2 months of incubation. The most persistent pollutants were benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, and pyrene, the concentration of which decreased to 31–71% on after 11 months of incubation. The slower degradation was found in the variant of the experiment with the high concentration level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It was concluded that in soils selective accumulation of polynuclear PAHs, that most resistant to biodegradation, can occur.
Penerapan simple multi attribute rating technique exploiting ranks method dalam pemilihan jenis tanaman pangan di Desa Bandar Kwala
Authors: Dewi Sartika , Cipta Hendra , Dur Sajaratud
Published: October 2023

In the field of agriculture in Indonesia, there are forms or types of plants, one of which is food crops. Currently, the food crops that develop in Bandar Kwala village are rice, corn, peanuts, and cassava. So that there is competition for nutrient absorption between plants and many types of plant-disturbing organisms that appear and cause farmers to experience crop failure, the selling price in the market is not proportional to the price of the seeds they buy and the care they do. For each type of plant that is planted, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that affect the growth of a plant, one of which is land management, seeding, fertilization and pest control. The purpose of this research is to apply the SMARTER method to get the ranking of plants suitable for planting on agricultural land in Bandar Kwala village based on food crop criteria. In the SMARTER method, the ranking results are obtained by looking at the final value obtained by each alternative, where the alternative rice plant gets a final value of 0.9581 as the first rank, the cassava plants alternative gets a final value of 0.2628 as the second rank, the alternative to peanut plant gets the final score was 0.2354 as the third rank, and the alternative maize crop obtained a final score of 0.0899 as the fourth rank.Keywords: Plant, decision, rank, SMARTER MSC2020: 90B50
EDEBÎ TÜRLERE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME / MASAL VE ROMAN ARASINDA: “ÇÖL MASALLARI”
Authors: ESER AYDIN Nazlı
Published: October 2023

Tayfun Pirselimoğlu’nun 1996’da kaleme aldığı ilk eseri Çöl Masalları, masal olarak adlandırılmakla beraber, roman türünde yazılmış kurmaca bir eserdir. Sözlü geleneğin ürünü eski şark masallarında ilk örnekleri görülen çerçeve anlatı tekniğiyle yazılmış olması yanında, masal türüyle başka ortaklıkları da bulunan eser, modern anlatıların özelliklerini de taşımakta, fantastik türün sınırlarında dolaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Çöl Masalları romanı tür, öykü tekniği, anlatıcı ve fantastik izlek sorunsalları merkezinde değerlendirilmektedir.
Gedichte aus dem goldenen Jahrhundert Valencias : Eine Anthologie ; 30 poetische Meditationen über die Angst vor Gottes Zorn, die Unmöglichkeit der reinen Liebe, die Erforschung der eigenen Gefühle und das Scheitern der Ansprüche an der Wirklichkeit
Authors: March Ausiàs , Radatz Hans-Ingo
Published: October 2023

Ausias March (1400-1459) lebte in einer Zeit der Umbrüche: Die letzten Gewissheiten des Mittelalters machten dem Geist der frühen Neuzeit Platz; das Bürgertum beginnt dem Adel ernsthaft Konkurrenz zu machen und die Ideale der hohen Minne der okzitanischen Trobadore geraten ins Schwanken Zugleich bricht König Alfons V. von Aragonien nach Italien auf, um dort König von Neapel zu werden und so die Königreiche der Aragonesischen Krone in Personalunion mit dem italienischen Süden zu verbinden. Der daraus resultierende rege kulturelle Austausch bringt die Ideen und Moden der italienischen Renaissance auch nach Valencia, der damals größten Stadt der iberischen Halbinsel. Es folgt das segle d'or de les lletres valencianes - das "goldene Jahrhundert der valencianischen Literatur", das als Vorläufer des darauffolgenden Siglo de oro der kastilischen Literatur gesehen werden kann. Im Bereich der Lyrik ist Ausias March zweifellos der wichtigste Repräsentant dieses Goldenen Zeitalters. Die vorliegende Anthologie führt ein in Leben und Werk und präsentiert 30 ausgewählte Gedichte im katalanischen Original und in einer metrischen deutschen Übersetzung.
Histopathological Observations on Liver and Gills of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles Treated with Some Prophylactics
Authors: Jimoh Jeremiah Olanipekun , Omobepade Bayode Paul , Akinsorotan Ademola Michael , Olasunkanmi John Bunmi , Ariyomo Tolulope Omolayo , Fatoyinbo Victoria Oluwabunmi
Published: October 2023

This study investigated histopathological changes on the liver and gills of C. gariepinus juveniles treated intermittently with different concentrations of prophylactics. Potassium permanganate (T2), Hydrogen peroxide (T3) and Formalin (T4) were used as prophylactics and administered to 15 fish each at concentrations of 2 ppm, 150 ppm, and 100 ppm respectively. The treatments which were in three replicates each with a control set up (T1) were repeated biweekly for 10 weeks. The histomacrographs of the liver and the gills show that there were no visible alterations on the structures of the tissues of fish in the control experiment (T1). However, major histopathological observations for the fish in T2, T3, and T4 were severe degeneration in the gill structure, fusion of the gill rakers, slight changes in the hepatocytes, diffuse vacuolation of hepatocytes. Among the used chemicals, potassium permanganate appeared to have the least negative effects on the tissues and it is therefore recommended at 2 ppm for prophylactic treatment of fish against diseases.
Effect of Different Multivitamins on Growth Performance and Survival of Depik Fish (Rasbora tawarensis Weber & de Beaufort, 1916)
Authors: Hasri Iwan , Abdan Mu'amar , Putri Lizawati , Fahmi Rizkan , Susanti Zulida , Rhidana Fita
Published: October 2023

Depik Fish (Rasbora tawarensis) is an endemic fish species found in Tawar Lake, with a threatened status. Domestication efforts are being undertaken to conserve the Depik Fish population. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of different vitamins on the growth and survival of Depik Fish. The study was conducted at Balai Benih Ikan (BBI), Pegasing - Central Aceh Regency, from December 2021 to January 2022. A Complete Random Design (CRD) with four treatment levels and four replications was employed, including a control group and three experimental groups: 300 mg/kg feed of vitamin C, vitamin B complex, and Viterna Plus. The results of the Anova test indicate that the dosage of vitamin C, vitamin B complex, and Viterna Plus in commercial feed significantly influenced the absolute weight growth, absolute length growth, and specific growth rates of the Depik Fish (P<0.05). However, it did not have a significant effect on feed efficiency and survival. Duncan’s test revealed significant differences among the treatment groups, with the highest values observed in the application of Viterna Plus at a dosage of 300 mg/kg feed, which resulted in increased growth and survival of the Depik Fish. Therefore, the use of Viterna Plus in fish feed is recommended.
Cyberincivility among Filipino Nursing Students in a public university: knowledge, experience, and acceptability
Authors: Dinero Ella Mae , Fuentes Irene Kathrena , Oducado Ryan Michael F. , De la Peña Janelle Faye , Ermita Gabriel
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The pandemic rapidly shifted nursing education to the online platform, and cybercommunication may expose students to the risk of online uncivil behaviors. Understanding cyberincivility in the primary mode of education during the pandemic is necessary. This study determined the cyberincivility knowledge, experience, and perception of acceptability among nursing students in the Philippines.
Methods: A cross-sectional research design was employed with 300 Filipino nursing students of a public university who participated in the survey conducted last June 2021 using the Academic Cyberincivility Assessment Questionnaire. Data were described, and statistical differences and relationships were tested using ANOVA, t-Test, and Pearson correlation.
Results: Findings indicated that nursing students generally had high knowledge (M=11.53), low experience (M=1.67), and low acceptability (M=1.41) of online uncivil behaviors. Academic cyberincivility knowledge, experiences, and acceptability did not significantly vary (p>0.05) based on sex, year level, and duration of daily internet usage. There was a significant positive moderate correlation (r=.402, p=.000) between cyberincivility experience and acceptability.
Conclusions: Nursing schools should continuously strive to avoid the risk of uncivil cyberspace behaviors and promote an online culture of civility in online learning spaces.
The Degree of COVID-19 and Preeclampsia at Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember
Authors: Rahayu Sisca Puji , Raharjo Angga Mardro , Parti Dita Diana , Hermansyah Yuli , Wulandari Pipiet , Istinaroh Nurul
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The risk of preeclampsia increases due to COVID-19. COVID-19 was the leading cause of Indonesia's high maternal mortality rate in 2021, with 2,982 cases. COVID-19 cases affected the maternal mortality rate in East Java, reaching 234.7 per 100,000 live births. Jember ranks first with the highest number of deaths of pregnant women in East Java. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the degree of preeclampsia at Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember.
Methods: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted from March to April 2023. A total of 27 samples of pregnant women with COVID-19 were taken using the total sampling method in 2020-2022 at Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember, and analyzed using SPSS with the Spearman statistical test.
Results: This study found that pregnant women with mild cases of COVID-19 were 9 cases, 16 cases were moderate, and 2 cases were severe. There were 15 cases of pregnant women with no preeclampsia and 12 cases with severe preeclampsia.
Conclusion: There was no relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the degree of preeclampsia at Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember.
Investigation of the Lipopolysaccharide Cluster Structure in the Genomes of Vibrio cholerae Rough Variants
Authors: Podoinitsyna O. A. , Kruglikov V. D. , Levchenko D. A. , Vodop’yanov A. S. , Ezhova M. I. , Noskov A. K.
Published: October 2023

Determination of Vibrio cholerae affiliation to one or another serogroup may meet some difficulties in cases of atypical agglutination with diagnostic cholera sera. The study of genetic determinants that allows for identifying a serogroup is a relevant task in monitoring of surface water body contamination with cholera vibrios.

The aim of the work was to compare the structural organization (quantitative and qualitative gene composition) of LPS clusters in V. cholerae rough variants.

Materials and methods. We used Illumina MiSeq for the whole genome sequencing; SPAdes software (version 3.11.1) for de novo assembly; and blastn (v. 2.5.0) for gene searching. GeneMarkS software was deployed for annotation of the genes incorporated in the clusters; nucmer – for searching homologous sites. Visualization of O-LPS clusters was carried out by means of SnapGene Viewer.

Results and discussion. Strains of V. cholerae rough variants had diverse gene clusters responsible for O-antigen biosynthesis. We have identified three types of O-LPS clusters with different size and number of genes. Unique DNA sites, common to the whole group of V. cholerae rough variants, have not been detected. Two genes present in all rough strains have been defined, but they are not unique for this group of strains and can be found in representatives of other serogroups. For two types of clusters, a region containing the IS‑element, common with V. cholerae O1, has been revealed.
Detection of the Genetic Material of the Viruses Tacheng uukuvirus and Sara tick phlebovirus in Taiga Ticks Collected in the Sverdlovsk, Tomsk Regions and Primorsky Territory of Russia and Their Phylogeny
Authors: Tupota N. L. , Ternovoi V. A. , Ponomareva E. P. , Bayandin R. B. , Shvalov A. N. , Malyshev B. S. , Tregubchak T. V. , Bauer T. V. , Protopopova E. V. , Petrova N. K. , Zhebrovskaya E. V. , Burukhina E. G. , Khomichuk T. F. , Agafonov A. P. , Maksyutov R. A. , Loktev V. B.
Published: October 2023

Extensive spread of tick-borne diseases poses a significant problem for public health and the health of the population living in endemic areas.

The aim of the study was to search, analyze genetic material and identify new viral agents of the Phenuiviridae family in taiga ticks collected in Asian regions of Russia using the method of high throughput sequencing.

Materials and methods. The study involved 1460 taiga ticks collected in suburban areas of the Tomsk, Yekaterinburg and Primorsky Territory. The genetic material isolated from ticks was sequenced using Illumina technology followed by phylogenetic analysis.

Results and discussion. Analysis of the sequencing results made it possible to detect extended nucleotide sequences of the L-gene fragment characteristic of the Phenuiviridae family viruses. We were able to identify 20 nucleotide sequences the length of 250 bp on average in homogenates of Ixodes persulcatus ticks. Eighteen isolates have been identified as members of the genus Uukuvirus and two isolates have been assigned to the genus Phlebovirus, Phenuiviridae family. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that all isolates of the genus Uukuvirus fall under the cluster of Tacheng tick virus 2 belonging to the species Tacheng uukuvirus. They form a separate phylogenetic group which is closely related to two Romanian variants of 2019. Tacheng tick virus 2 was detected in all three surveyed regions of the Asian part of Russia. Two Tomsk isolates of phlebovirus were classified as Sara tick phlebovirus and they clustered with two isolates of phleboviruses from Karelia. Thus, the genetic material of Tacheng tick virus 2 and Sara tick phlebovirus belonging to two genera of the family Phenuiviridae was found in I. persulcatus ticks collected in three geographically different regions of the Asian part of Russia.
Evaluation of the Analytical Capabilities of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in the Molecular Typing of Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Ul’shina D. V. , Kovalev D. A. , Eremenko E. I. , Semenova O. V. , Ryazanova A. G. , Bobrysheva O. V. , Zhirov A. M. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the work was to compare the discriminating capacity of the canSNP13 genotyping and MALDI‑TOF mass spectrometry methods based on the results of the study of anthrax pathogen strains belonging to the two main genetic lines A and B.

Materials and methods. 73 Bacillus anthracis strains from the collection of microorganisms of the Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzor were investigated. Protein profiling was carried out using a Microflex mass spectrometer, data processing – in the environment of the statistical programming language “R”.

Results and discussion. It has been experimentally confirmed that the proposed approach for differentiating proteotypes of B. anthracis strains with a discrimination index of 0.952 exceeds the one for the canSNP typing method and is comparable to the discrimination index for the MLVA31 method. The correlation of the results of strain clustering during typing by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and canSNP genotyping reaches 95 % as regards the division into the main genetic lines A and B. The studied strains of anthrax microbe, which mostly fall under phylogenetic groups of lineage A, represent more than a dozen protein profiles, which may be due to differences in the level of protein expression in strains of each canSNP genotype. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry makes it possible to obtain the results comparable with genetic tests, has a better discriminating capacity compared to canSNP typing, and is easier to perform.
Modern Means of Personal Protection of People from Bloodsucking Arthropods
Authors: Germant O. M. , Ushakova E. V. , Demina Yu. V. , Akhmetshina M. B.
Published: October 2023

The review focuses on the means of personal protection of people from blood-sucking arthropods, mainly from Ixodidae ticks. Individual (personal) protection of humans is an important component of nonspecific prevention of natural-focal vector-borne diseases. The paper considers statistical data describing the level of significance and relevance of the information about the infections transmitted by ticks, for instance, tick-borne viral encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis etc. Presented are the characteristics of different groups of personal protection means: insectoacaricidal, repellent, and insectoacaricidal-repellent ones. Indicators of their effectiveness are assessed; their practical use, as well as the features of special protective clothing and the necessity of its application is described. The toxicity of protective clothing is reduced through a lining fabric, local inserts of fabric with insectoacaricidal impregnation and the use of underwear. Different interpretation of the term “repellent” in the domestic and foreign literature, and also two different approaches (“Eastern” and “Western”) to the design and manufacture of personal protection means for people against attacks of blood-sucking arthropods, including Ixodidae ticks, in Russia and Western Europe countries and the USA is discussed. The paper highlights the effect of different pyrethroid groups on the behavioral reactions of ticks. It is shown that in the Russian Federation the use of permethrin is prohibited for the treatment of protective clothing against blood-sucking arthropods, in particular against the taiga tickIxodes persulcatus, which is the main vector of dangerous infections across the major part of the country (in the east of the European part, the Urals, Siberia and the Far East).
Assessment of Stability of Chemical Cholera Vaccine in a New Primary Packaging
Authors: Gromova O. V. , Vorob’eva S. A. , Volokh O. A. , Klokova O. D. , Livanova L. F. , Belyakova N. I. , Popova E. Z. , Lobovikova O. A. , Shul’gina I. V. , Shvidenko I. G. , Nikiforov A. K.
Published: October 2023

The bivalent chemical cholera vaccine is the only drug for the prevention of cholera registered in the Russian Federation. The vaccine has been produced in glass bottles containing 210 tablets. At the same time, modern trends dictate the need to produce the drug in varying dispensing and more practical packaging for the convenience of the consumer.

The aim of the work was to study the stability of the properties of the immunobiological medicinal product “Bivalent chemical cholera vaccine” with modified filling and in new primary packaging.

Materials and methods. When studying the quality of bivalent chemical cholera vaccine batches, physicochemical parameters, formaldehyde content, specific activity and safety, abnormal toxicity, immunogenicity, and microbiological purity were assessed. Stability in terms of “specific activity” was evaluated using dot immunoassay.

Results and discussion. As a result of this work, the use of several dispensing options and new primary packaging of cholera vaccine has been experimentally substantiated. The stability of the finished vaccine preparation has been established in the “accelerated aging” test and during long-term storage. The possibility of using dot immunoassay with a conjugate based on staphylococcal protein A, labeled with colloidal gold, to monitor the stability of cholera vaccine has been experimentally demonstrated.
Usutu Virus (Flaviviridae, Orthoflavivirus). Potential Danger and Possibility of Spread on the Territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Naidenova E. V. , Zakharov K. S. , Blinova K. D. , Shvidenko I. G. , Boiko A. V. , Shcherbakova S. A.
Published: October 2023

In recent decades, an increase in the number of cases of detection of the Usutu virus (Usutu, USUV, Orthoflavivirus usutuense) (family Flaviviridae, genus Orthoflavivirus) has caused great concern among medical professionals, including virologists and specialists in infectious diseases, especially since its appearance in Europe, where the pathogen caused mass birds die-off, and annually registered human cases. This review provides information about the structure of the virus and its genetic variants, geographical distribution and features of circulation in Europe and Africa, the methods and principles used to indicate and identify this pathogen, as well as the main symptoms of the disease it causes. An assessment of the environmental prerequisites for the occurrence of outbreaks of the disease caused by the Usutu virus on the territory of the Russian Federation was also carried out.
Comparative Molecular-Genetic Analysis of Francisella tularensis Strains Isolated in the Rostov Region in 2020 and Genome Sequences of the Strains Collected in Various Regions of the World
Authors: Vodop’yanov A. S. , Pisanov R. V. , Vodop’yanov S. O. , Tsimbalistova M. V. , Pichurina N. L. , Sorokin V. M. , Pavlovich N. V. , Noskov A. K.
Published: October 2023

Six cultures of tularemia microbe from fallen and captured live animals were isolated during epizootiological monitoring in the steppe focus in the south-east of the Rostov Region in 2020 against the background of extensive epizootics in the populations of the common vole Microtus arvalis obscurus and the public vole Microtus socialis.

The aim of the work was to develop an SNP-typing scheme and to conduct a comparative study of the phylogenetic relations between Francisella tularensis strains isolated in the Rostov Region (2020) and strains from other regions.

Materials and methods. Genome-wide sequencing was performed on the MiSeq Illumina platform. The author’s software GeneExpert, PrimerM and VirtualPCR, written in the Java programming language, were used for the analysis.

Results and discussion. The strains of tularemia agent, isolated on the territory of the Rostov Region in 2020, can be allocated to two different clusters. It is established that two strains of tularemia pathogen (F0884 and F0889) isolated in Turkey are genetically close to some isolates circulating in the Rostov Region. A unique INDEL marker characteristic of this group of strains has been identified. The comparison of our proposed typing scheme with the scheme of “canonical” SNPs has showed a fairly good consistency and convergence of results within large clusters, meanwhile using a set of 6626 SNPs allows for differentiating the strains within one canSNP type. It is revealed that the vaccine strain has a common canSNP type with clinical and natural strains. A set of SNP markers has been selected for comparative analysis. A new INDEL marker that enables intraspecific typing of F. tularensis has been discovered and the possibility of its application in vitro and in silico has been comfirmed.
The Automated Information System “Perimeter” is a Tool for the Modernization of Information and Technical Support of Sanitary and Quarantine Control
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Ezhlova E. B. , Smolensky V. Yu. , Letyushev A. N. , Treskin A. A. , Ivanova A. V. , Safronov V. A. , Zubova A. A. , Karnaukhov I. G. , Toporkov V. P. , Shcherbakova S. A. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: October 2023

Sanitary and quarantine control (SQC) at the state border of the Russian Federation is the first barrier to the importation and subsequent spread of diseases on the territory of the country. Every year the number of registered outbreaks of infectious diseases in the countries of the world increases, which entails an increase in published information, some of which is unreliable and requires verification. At the same time, against the background of the development of international tourism, increase in passenger traffic, the risk of infectious diseases importation into the territory of Russia rises manifold, which creates the need for modernization of information and technical support of the SQC. In connection with the above, the aim of the work was to develop a scientifically substantiated system of informatization and digitalization of SQC, which resulted in the introduction of an automated risk assessment system as regards importation of dangerous infectious diseases (AIS “Perimeter”) at all sanitary-quarantine checkpoints (SQP). Materials and methods. The information system was created using the following software platforms: Laravel, VueJs. The official websites of the Ministries of Health of the respective countries, data from the official regional websites of WHO, regional centers for disease control and prevention (CDC), and data from the ProMED-mail system were used as sources of information on infectious morbidity in the countries of the world. Results and discussion. Implementation of AIS “Perimeter” has brought about the maximum possible efficiency in the targeted informing of SQP officials about the current epidemiological situation in the countries of the world; an effective tool for monitoring the situation at the federal level in real-time mode. It facilitates the work of SQP, staff related to conducting standard operational procedures, due to considerable decrease in the volume of routine activities to keep records. The proposed in the AIS expert risk assessment as regards importation of infectious diseases allows SQP employees, based on reliable information, to make timely decisions on the need to conduct SQC and exclude erroneous actions in the essential set of measures within the framework of SQC implementation, while minimizing subjectivity with respect to decision making.
COVID‑19 Pandemic: Effect of Specific and Non-Specific Prevention Measures on the Risk of SARS‑CoV‑2 Infection in Employees of Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Egorov I. A. , Smirnova S. S. , Mishchenko V. A. , Vyalykh I. V. , Markaryan A. Yu. , Zhuikov N. N. , Aver’yanov O. Yu. , Smirnova V. A. , Bol’shakova A. N. , Alferov S. Yu. , Babanova A. V. , Kilyachina A. S. , Pushkareva N. A. , Semenov A. V.
Published: October 2023

From the very onset of SARS‑CoV‑2 spreading, active involvement in the COVID‑19 epidemic process made the healthcare professionals (HCPs) a vulnerable group with higher risks of contracting the disease, severe course and fatal outcome.

The aim. We aimed at studying the impact of specific and non-specific preventive measures on the risk of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection among the HCPs in a large industrial region settings during the COVID‑19 pandemic.

Materials and methods. We analyzed the data obtained using 1 905 questionnaires for the personnel of infectious hospitals for treatment of COVID‑19 patients and non-core healthcare facilities in a large industrial region during the COVID‑19 pandemic, 100 questionnaires on adherence of the employees to hand hygiene and antiseptics, the results of the tests for specific IgG to the SARS‑CoV‑2 nucleocapsid (2 200 samples), as well as the results of assessment of viral and bacterial contamination of the outer surface of the personal protective equipment for infectious hospital staff (108 specimens).

Results and discussion. In the course of the study, an effect of failure in the implementation of some specific and non-specific preventive measures on an increase in the incidence of COVID‑19 in various healthcare professionals has been identified. The COVID‑19 pandemic once again emphasized the need to save lives and health of the HCPs as socially significant category of citizens under the spread of pathogens with high epidemic potential, applying a complex of specific and non-specific measures that are not mutually exclusive.
Assessment of the Epidemiological Effectiveness of the Temporary Transfer of Schoolchildren to Distance Learning during the Spread of COVID‑19 by the Example of the Saratov Region
Authors: Zimirova A. A. , Kuklev V. E. , Safronov V. A. , Kuklev E. V. , Vyatkin I. N.
Published: October 2023

Temporary closure of schools is an effective anti-epidemic measure during periods of rising incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, which is confirmed by the results of a large number of scientific works. In particular, the effectiveness of this measure consists in reducing the incidence among students. In the context of the spread of COVID‑19 in the Russian Federation, like in many other countries, the temporary transfer of schoolchildren to distance learning has also been repeatedly introduced; however, it remains unclear whether the measure under consideration is effective in relation to the new coronavirus infection.

The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological effectiveness of the temporary transfer of students to distance learning during the spread of COVID‑19 in the Saratov Region.

Materials and methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of statistical data of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Saratov Region on the incidence of COVID‑19 for the period of 2020–2022, as well as materials from published scientific papers.

Results and discussion. Analysis of the data on the school closure in 2020 has revealed a decrease in the incidence among schoolchildren (–42.9 %) and an increase in the incidence among people aged 65 years and older (+7.2 %); in 2021, there was a decrease in the incidence among schoolchildren (–15.6 %) and an increase in the indicator value as regards the elderly (+17.8 %); in 2022, another school closure led to an increase in the incidence of COVID‑19 among schoolchildren (+7.8 %) and people over 65 years old (+44.2 %). Based on the results obtained, one can conclude that the measure under consideration is inexpedient due to the fact that the most vulnerable category of the population (persons aged 65 years and older) is actively involved in the epidemic process, which in turn leads to a significant deterioration of the epidemic situation.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Using Magnoimmunosorbents for the Selective Concentration of Anthrax Agent Spores
Authors: Logvin F. V. , Semenova O. V. , Ryazanova A. G. , Zharnikova I. V. , Aksenova L. Yu. , Rusanova D. V. , Kurcheva S. A. , Startseva O. L. , Geogdzhayan A. S. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the developed anthrax magnoimmunosorbents (MIS) for the selective concentration of Bacillus anthracis spores and to increase the sensitivity of anthrax agent detection techniques, including when testing soil samples.

Materials and methods. We used 10 vaccine strains of B. anthracis and 30 strains of closely related bacilli of the genus Bacillus (B. cereus – 15, B. thuringiensis – 10, B. megaterium – 5) with typical species properties. The work was performed on three experimental batches of magnoimmunosorbents. DNA extraction and PCR setting was carried out in compliance with the instructions for reagent panel for B. anthracis DNA detection “ApliSens Bacillus anthracis-FRT”.

Results and discussion. It is shown that when using MIS, the sensitivity of the cultural method is increased by at least 7 times (taking into account the possibility of sorption of 1–10 or more spores on a sorbent particle). The sensitivity of the PCR method is improved by 10 times and amounts to 50 B. anthracis spores per 1 ml for the samples concentrated with the help of MIS. The sensitivity of the bacteriological method using MIS increases by a factor of 7.5 when testing the artificially contaminated with B. anthracis soil samples. Hence, application of the developed MIS makes it possible to significantly enhance the sensitivity of anthrax agent detection methods and can be considered as an effective means of sample preparation for the investigation of environmental objects (soil).
Genotypic Characteristics of CTX–VPI+ Clonal Complexes of Vibrio cholerae O1 Found in Water Bodies of the Rostov Region
Authors: Monakhova E. V. , Noskov A. K. , Kruglikov V. D. , Vodop’yanov A. S. , Selyanskaya N. A. , Men’shikova E. A. , Ezhova M. I. , Nepomnyashchaya N. B. , Shvidenko I. G. , Podoinitsyna O. A. , Pisanov R. V.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the work was to identify genotypic features of clonal complexes formed by CTX–VPI+ strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated from water bodies of the Rostov Region in different years, based on bioinformatics analysis of their whole genome sequences (WGSs).

Materials and methods. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the MiSeq (Illumina) platform; identification of genetic determinants in WGSs and bioinformatics analysis – by means of BioEdit, BLASTN, BLASTP, CARD, Vector NTI software packages.

Results and discussion. The strains were almost identical in each group of 2002-, 2005-, 2007-, 2020-, 2021-, and 2022-isolates and were found at different points of water sampling over a longer or shorter periods of time (from 3 weeks to 2 months). Bioinformatics analysis of WGSs of representative strains divided them into 4 clusters, which can be considered as separate clonal complexes sharing a number of characteristic genetic markers: 1) 2002-isolates containing one SNP in regulatory rpoS gene; 2) 2007-strains carrying tandemly duplicated preCTX prophage; 3) strains isolated in 2020 in Rostov-on-Don and in 2005, during epidemiological complications in the Kamensk district of the Rostov Region, which had a “hybrid” pathogenicity island including the cluster of type 3 secretion system and the nan-nag region of the VPI-2 island, and 9 SNPs in rpoS gene; 4) 2021- and 2022-strains and a single 2018-isolate containing a 9 bp deletion in vchC collagenase gene. Despite the revealed differences, representatives of all clonal complexes possessed sufficient sets of intact determinants of pathogenicity/persistence factors to realize virulent properties and ability to survive in water bodies. Detection of clonal complexes of potentially pathogenic strains in surface water bodies indicates occasional emergence of favorable conditions for their long-term circulation, which emphasizes the importance of constant monitoring of V. cholerae in the territory of Russia.
A função regulatória da licitação no Brasil: estado da arte e perspectivas de futuro
Authors: Araujo Valter Shuenquener de , De Farias Filho Mauro César Teixeira
Published: October 2023

A função regulatória da licitação é conceitualmente entendida como a utilização do procedimento de compras públicas para induzir comportamentos socialmente desejáveis nos setores público e privado, a bem do interesse coletivo. No Brasil, seu fundamento normativo está na Constituição Federal de 1988, nas disposições específicas sobre os objetivos fundamentais da República, os princípios da ordem econômica, o papel regulador do Estado e a licitação como procedimento obrigatório para as compras públicas, sendo certo que seu fundamento pragmático está na vocação do processo licitatório para unir esforços estatais e particulares na implementação de demandas de interesse coletivo. A legislação sobre licitações possui diversos exemplos concretos de aplicação prática da função regulatória. E a perspectiva de futuro é animadora, considerando que a proposta de nova lei geral de licitações e contratos consolida os passos dados nessa direção, bem como traz novidades relevantes no assunto.
A força política do poder constituinte derivado com fundamento na soberania popular: em defesa da constitucionalidade superveniente e seu efeito de convalidação
Authors: Leal Fellipe Guerin , Veras Neto Francisco Quintanilha , Barcellos Rafael Siegel
Published: October 2023

As teorias sobre os efeitos da revisão judicial da legislação têm origens distintas e consequências na distribuição da função legislativa. A teoria da nulidade da norma inconstitucional surgiu com o judicial review como artifício político de empoderamento do Judiciário para fazer frente às instâncias representativas. Já a teoria da anulabilidade da norma inconstitucional contemplou o respeito à interpretação constitucional do legislador e à segurança jurídica fundada na presunção de constitucionalidade. No Brasil, foi adotada a teoria da nulidade, de forma mitigada pela modulação de efeitos. Já a constitucionalidade superveniente não é admitida pela jurisprudência e doutrina brasileiras, no entanto, o Tribunal Constitucional português já a aplicou. A teoria do poder constituinte cindiu os elementos da soberania popular, o poder ilimitado coube ao constituinte originário e o poder permanente, mas limitado coube ao constituinte derivado.A teoria da dupla revisão é capaz de reunificar os elementos da soberania popular. A admissibilidade da constitucionalidade superveniente encontra respaldo na soberania popular. O método de pesquisa é o dedutivo. A técnica de pesquisa é bibliográfica.
ARQUEOLOGÍA Y PRENSA LOCAL EN CÓRDOBA DURANTE EL ÚLTIMO CUARTO DEL SIGLO XX: UNA RELACIÓN COMPLICADA
Authors: SOLANA LÓPEZ IGNACIO
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo analizamos la relación, en algunos momentos difícil y conflictiva, entre la investigación arqueológica desarrollada en Córdoba y la prensa local durante el último cuarto del s. XX. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo la consulta y revisión de los artículos aparecidos entonces en el Diario Córdoba. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es evaluar el tratamiento que la prensa cordobesa dio a la Arqueología en todas sus facetas, desde hallazgos fortuitos a excavaciones científicas o delitos contra el Patrimonio Arqueológico, entre el final de la dictadura franquista y los albores del s. XXI.