bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refractory status epilepticus – a major problem for the practitioners
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Calcii Cornelia , Hadjiu Svetlana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sprincean Mariana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Feghiu Ludmila ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Lupusor Nadejda ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Revenco Ninel ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Groppa Stanislav ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening neurological emergency requiring immediate medical intervention and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this research was evaluation of clinical and etiological profile of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) among children aged between 1 month and 18 years. Material and methods: The study was done between January 1, 2017 and December 24, 2019. All children with the age limits mentioned above, who presented convulsive SE, subsequently with development in refractory status epileptic (RSE), were included in the study. Patients were investigated and evaluated according to a standard protocol. Subsequently, the characteristics of children with RSE and those without an evolution in RSE were compared. Results: 55 children, out of whom 32 boys with SE were enrolled in the study, of which 20 children (36%) developed RSE. Central nervous system (CNS) infections were the most common causes of SE and development of RSE (51% in SE and 53% in RSE, p > 0.05). Noncompliance of antiepileptic medication served as the second cause for evolution of RSE. The overall mortality rate was 10.9%, the chances of death in RSE (20%) being higher than in SE (5.7%). The unfavorable prognosis was seven times higher in children with RSE, compared to children who developed SE. Conclusions: In the management of CNS infections, pediatricians should be aware of the high risk of developing RSE. In addition, the possibility of developing RSE should be considered and promptly managed in an intensive care unit in order to reduce the risk of mortality and morbidity of this severe neurological condition
A survey of public knowledge and attitude towards tissue, cell donation and transplantation in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Transplant Agency, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Timbalari Tatiana , Lozan Oleg ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Codreanu Igor ,   Transplant Agency, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Nacu Viorel ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: May 2021

Background: Numerous studies focusing on public attitude towards organ donation have been performed at the international level, but very few highlight public attitude towards tissue and cell donation and transplantation. Material and methods: We conducted a survey among a representative sample of the general adult population (N=427). The questionnaire was developed on the basis of previous study and included reuse of some items from the earlier survey to facilitate historical comparison. The analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS, 2011 and focused on descriptive statistics. Results: The vast majority of our respondents (81.0%) agreed with the tissue and cell donation and only every 10th respondent did not accept this. The fewer respondents (68.1%) would agree to have tissues and cells transplanted from other people compared to those who were willing to donate tissues and cells (81.0%). Finally, most of the respondents (85.0%) expressed interest in receiving more information, and were very similar to those in receiving more information on organ donation and transplantation (88.0%) Conclusions: The study revealed the respondents’ positive attitude towards tissue and cell donation and transplantation and demonstrated a remarkable growth in the public positive attitude towards donation. Furthermore, as the vast majority of our respondents wanted to receive more information on these issues, it seems to be a clear opportunity to develop educational and promotional strategies to improve awareness and enhance donation rates in our country.
Comparative analysis between En-bloc resection and transurethral resection of non-muscular invasive bladder tumors
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vladanov Ivan , Plesacov Alexei ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ghicavii Vitalie ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: May 2021

Background: Transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) tumor was first described by Stern and McCarthy in 1931, and is still considered the gold standard in diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The quality of TURB affects accuracy of histopathologic evaluation, and subsequently impacts the risk of recurrence and patient outcome. New methods that aim to improve the effectiveness of TURB are reviewed, and recent studies are discussed, including resection methods and image enhancement techniques. Material and methods: Between January 2016 and April 2019, within the Urology Clinic of Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy 108 patients were surgically treated with bladder tumor pathology. Patients were divided in two groups: En-bloc resection group which includes 51 patients and transurethral resection group with 57 patients, the obtained data were comparatively analyzed. Results: Tumor analysis showed that the majority of the patients’ tumors were localized on lateral urinary bladder walls, single bladder tumors were detected in 64 (59%) cases, tumor sizes up to 3 cm were detected in 74 (69%) patients included in the study. Detrusor muscles were detected in 49 (96%) cases of En-bloc group and 45 (79%) cases of TURB group. Most recurrences occurred in patients with high-grade histological result, recurrence rate in En-bloc group occurred in 18% and in TURB group in 37%. Conclusions: The En-bloc resection technique of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumor proved to be a safe and effective method compared to the conventional transurethral resection technique (TURB). This method provides more favorable results for obtaining better quality tumor samples (present of detrusor muscle) that allow to establish correct diagnosis and staging of the disease and reduces the number of recurrences.
Cardiomyopathy secondary to Duchenne muscular dystrophy in children
Authors:   Institute of Mother and Child, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Rodoman Iulia , Palii Ina ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Sacara Victoria ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Gladun Sergiu ,   Institute of Cardiology, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova
Published: May 2021

Background: Cardiomyopathy (CM) associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a commonly recognized appearance of this neuromuscular disease, significantly increased morbidity and mortality, as well as the necessity for cardiological management. CM in DMD is defined by left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and both atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias and is associated with higher mortality than other cases of pediatric dilated CMs. Notwithstanding the high rate of cardiac involvement, patients are usually asymptomatic despite significant LV dysfunction, because of likely poor mobility that masks the usual heart failure (HF) symptoms. Also, imagistic predictors are provided to be very helpful in defining early LV dysfunction, especially electrocardiogram and cardiac imaging (transthoracic echocardiography, speckle-tracking, cardiac magnetic resonance) are used to detect the onset and progression of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in DMD. Conclusions: As most DMD patients are asymptomatic for a long time of their life, so identifying predictors of HF is crucial to support these patients. Ventricular dysfunction based on the ejection fraction (EF) measurement helps to choose therapy. In the case of early DCM (LVEF≥50%) the great purpose is to prevent ventricular dysfunction incipience with first-line HF therapy with Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). Current guidelines recommend the use of conventional HF medication in case of disease progression and DCM with MidRange Reduction of LV EF (40-49%). The therapeutic approach for patients with DCM and severe ventricular dysfunction (<40%) has been studied less profoundly and contemporary guidelines recommend all drugs used for HF treatment
Sistem Informasi Arsip Surat Pada SMA Negeri 2 Sukoharjo Menggunakan Framework Codeigniter
Authors: Melliana Astrin Indah , Nurgiyatna Nurgiyatna
Published: May 2021

Surat merupakan salah satu sarana komunikasi penting yang digunakan oleh SMA Negeri 2 Sukoharjo sebagai penyedia informasi. Pada SMA Negeri 2 Sukoharjo, pengelolaan surat belum dilakukan secara komputerisasi. Proses tersebut akan mengalami kendala seperti kesulitan mencari surat sewaktu-waktu, hilangnya surat dan membutuhkan penyimpanan besar. Adapun tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yakni membangun sebuah sistem informasi arsip berbasis website menggunakan framework codeigniter. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan meliputi observasi dan wawancara. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu model  waterfall yang memiliki tahapan secara sistematis berurutan dimulai dari analisis kebutuhan hingga perawatan sistem. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa bagian menu untuk menambah data surat, mengubah data surat, mengunggah dokumentasi surat, melakukan pencarian surat dan mencetak laporan yang memudahkan pengelola dalam aktivitas surat-menyurat. Dalam pengujian sistem, penulis menggunakan black box testing dan SUS (System Usability Scale) dengan hasil nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh 83,5. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa sistem informasi ini memiliki nilai usability acceptable dan dapat diterapkan pada SMA Negeri 2 Sukoharjo.
¿Por qué pensar la resiliencia a la luz de la antropología evolutiva?
Authors: Castaño Mosquera Jesús Mauricio , Lasprilla Burbano Julián Andrés
Published: May 2021

Este artículo se elaboró a partir de la ponencia realizada en el Primer Congreso de Psicología Unicatólica: “La psicología en las ciencias sociales y humanas”, producto del trabajo de investigación vinculado al proyecto Antropología evolutiva, resiliencia y empatía, patrocinado por la dirección de investigaciones de la Fundación Universitaria Católica Lumen Gentium (septiembre 2017-2018).
 
Abstract
This article was written from the conference given at the Primer Congreso de Psicología Unicatólica: “La psicología en las ciencias sociales y humanas” (Psychology in Social and Human Sciences), product of the research project Antropología evolutiva, resiliencia y empatía (Evolutionary anthropology, resilience and empathy), granted by the research direction of the Fundación Universitaria Católica Lumen Gentium (September 2017-2018).
¿Por qué enseñar filosofía en la formación de psicólogos?
Authors: Osorio García Jonathan
Published: May 2021

El presente texto tiene como objetivo proponer una reflexión sobre el valor que representa la formación filosófica en el proceso de profesionalización de psicólogos en Colombia. Para esto, se presentan algunos elementos de lo que en los últimos años se identifica como una crisis de la filosofía dentro del ámbito educativo, los conflictos paradigmáticos frente al modelo de ciencia positivista y el provecho en general que supone la filosofía para la sociedad.
Abstrac
This article presents a reflection on the value of philosophical training in the professionalization process of psychologists in the country. Making a compilation of the elements that were part of the so-called crisis of philosophy within the educational field, the paradigmatic conflicts with the positivist model and the general value of philosophy for society.
Breve visión de los aspectos evolutivos de la agricultura de precisión como herramienta de gestión
Authors: Burbano Charlot , Peñaranda Gillermo
Published: May 2021

En la búsqueda por satisfacer las necesidades alimentarias de la población mundial, a través del tiempo se han desarrollado diversas herramientas para la optimización de los procesos que giran en torno a la agricultura. Desde finales de la década de 1960 se empezó a gestar lo que se conoce actualmente como Agricultura de Precisión (AP). Este texto pretende hacer una revisión de los aspectos fundamentales que dieron origen a esta disciplina. Para ello se realizó una revisión bibliográfica extensiva de la cual se rescataron inicialmente, los eventos históricos que originaron las prácticas de inclusión tecnológica en la agricultura.
Abstract
With the aim of meeting world population food needs, various tools have been developed over time to optimize agricultural processes. Since the end of the 1960’s, what is currently known as Precision Agriculture (AP) has been brewing.
ELECTRONIC NURSING PROCESS PROGRAM IN NURSING CARE PLANNING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: GÜNAY İSMAİLOĞLU Elif , ŞAHAN Seda , YILMAZ Kemal , TİMUÇİN Serkan , TAŞKIN Oğuzhan
Published: May 2021

Technological approaches are used to eliminate problems that prevent the nursing process to be used more effectively in healthcare areas. Preparing the nursing process on electronic media is among these technological approaches.

This study aimed to provide a systematic review on studies that reveal the effect of the electronic nursing process on nursing care planning and contribute to the relevant literature. Studies conducted between 2005 and 2020 were reviewed using the following keywords and their combinations; “web-based nursing process,” “nursing process,” “electronic nursing process,” “nursing documentation system,” and “mobile application for nursing process.” The PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Ovid databases were used for the literature review. In four of eight studies included in this review, nursing students were asked to prepare the care plan in line with the electronic nursing process while nurses were asked to do the same thing in the remaining four studies. The results show that the electronic nursing process program may increase the students’ and nurses’ ability and competence to prepare the care plan and reduce their stress and anxiety levels in clinic work practices. It is seen that nurses mostly have positive feedbacks about the electronic nursing process program. The electronic nursing process program is effective both in improving the participants’ knowledge and skill performances and increasing their competence in planning nursing care. Additionally, the participants are highly satisfied with the system. An electronic nursing process program has positive contributions to the quality of nursing care. It was seen that students who used electronically supported practice had better NP preparation skills in comparison to those who used conventional practices.
INVESTIGATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH-INTENSITY FUNCTIONAL EXERCISE ON OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: GÜLMEZ Hakan , TAŞPINAR Betül , TASPİNAR Ferruh
Published: May 2021

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of HIFE on physiologic and psychological functions in older adults aged ≥65 years.
Methods: This systematic review was designed according to the PEDro scale. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were used for the systematic searching. Total 1340 studies were identified. The full texts of these studies were examined in respect of the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, and finally 9 studies met the criteria and were included for evaluation.
Results: Physical functions and psychosocial functions were evaluated via questionnaires and tests. According to results of the included studies HIFE was effective in respect of the evaluated parameters.
Conclusions: As a result of this systematic review HIFE is effective on physical functions and hemodynamic responses but the effect on psychosocial functions are controversially, at the same time there were no reports of negative effects.
DIGITAL MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES FOR MEDIA EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Media & Communication, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan, Muneeb Faiza , Mehmood Sana ,   Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan, Mehboob Saliha ,   Department of International Relations, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to record concerns of media education currently under debate in Pakistan. It indicates three main study trends. The first trend is concerned about Pakistani digital technology users, their skills in technologies especially digital media usage and the second about new media learning and teaching methods by using new media tools like mobile devices, tablets, social media networking, which needs new technical and technological framework. The last trend deals with literacy concerning digital education, related to both the skills required by digital media students have to progress and what educators especially faculty members have to be trained about these media technologies. In order to achieve objectives pertaining to these trends, semi-structured interviews of students and educators are conducted. Concerning the first trend, we observe a division of perspectives and understanding between those who believe that all we need is new media education for old academic solutions and those we think there is a need of changing academic styles, thus allowing it to grow into a new standard. For this purpose, they stress that digital devices should be made an integral part of today’s classrooms. Concerning the second trend, we observe a consensus on teaching and learning by using digital devices as the most useful, helpful tools. Mostly, the school educators have their own laptops, tablets, and mobile phones however, they stressed on a combination of ethics, education and utilization of digital media in a good manner. Finally, the notion of literacy concerning digital media which has received significant consideration be defined in various ways particularly in the south Asian context. Keywords: Digital Media, Digital Technology, Native Educators, Pakistan
Bilateral ovarian dysgerminoma with metastasis in female dog's mesenteric lymph node: a case report
Authors: Assis-Neto Edgar Tavares de , Viana Daniel de Araújo , Silva Márcio César Vasconcelos
Published: May 2021

Dysgerminoma is a rare malignant neoplasm, associated with hormonal dysfunctions, which occurs in canine and feline females from middle age to elderly, without racial predisposition. In the present report, we described a case of ovarian dysgerminoma in a dog, only abdominal distension, persistent vulvar bloody discharge and apathy. The animal in question underwent exploratory laparotomy, where general neoformations were detected in the ovaries, and a lymph node with abnormal characteristics was also found. Therefore, surgery for ovariosalpingoisterectomy and puncture of a fragment of the lymph node altered for incisional biopsy was performed. The diagnosis was made through histopathological examination of the ovaries of the fragment derived from the lymph node, the result of which indicated the presence of dysgerminoma in both ovaries and in the lymph node, characterizing a metastasis. In view of this result, the chemotherapy protocol with the association of carboplatin and vinblastine was instituted, which proved to be effective and not very toxic to the animal, with no clinical sign of metastasis being identified after its use.
Paksaan Pemerintah Dalam Mengatasi Penyebaran Buku Komunisme Di Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Chadijah Rizki , Efendi Basri , Wardah W
Published: May 2021

Komunisme merupakan salah satu ideologi yang dilarang di Indonesia, selain tidak sesuai dengan falsafah hidup bangsa Indonesia, pemberontakan yang dilakukan oleh Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) telah menimbulkan keresahan yang luar biasa bagi rakyat Indonesia. Melalui TAP MPRS RI Nomor XXV/MPRS/1966 komunisme kemudian menjadi ideologi terlarang di Indonesia. Namun ternyata masih ditemukan sejumlah buku yang diduga menyebarkan paham komunis di kawasan pecinan pondok, Kecamatan Padang Barat, tanggal 8 januari 2019. Berdasarkan hal tersebut kajian ini berupaya untuk melihat bagaimanakah paksaan yang dapat dilakukan pemerintah dalam mengatasi penyebaran buku komunisme di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil kajian diketahui bahwa pemerintah melakukan pengawasan demi memastikan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait pemenuhan syarat dan isi buku telah dipatuhi dengan baik. Apabila ternyata ditemukan buku yang tidak memenuhi syarat isi buku dan/atau mengganggu ketertiban umum, kejaksaan berwenang menarik dan memblokir sementara baik buku cetak dan buku elektronik paling lama 60 (enam puluh) hari kerja sebagaimana diatur pada Pasal 62 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 75 Tahun 2019 Tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 tentang Sistem Perbukuan, selain itu dapat pula dikenakan sanksi pidana apabila terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan telah melanggar ketentuan dalam UU Nomor 27 Tahun 1999.
Preparing a New Chromatographic support from Local Syrian Clay and using it in Thin Layer Chromatography for Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol, Caffeine and Aspirin in Tablets
Authors: Alhaj Sakur Amir , Mannaa Firas , Zein Eddin Mahamed Yahia
Published: May 2021

A new chromatographic support was prepared from Local Syrian Clay (Bentonite), using thermal and acid treated Clay (B500AW) for utilizing it in thin layer chromatography (0.25mm thickness) to separate and determine of Paracetamol, Caffeine, and Aspirin in raw material and in tablets. The separation carried out using mobile phase consisted of Cyclohexane-Chloroform- Methanol - acetic acid (14:5: 0.25:0.75) v/v. The specific surface area of treated bentonite was 45m2/g. Quantification was carried out densitometerically at λ = 250nm for Paracetamol, λ = 275nm for Caffeine, and at λ = 200 nm for Aspirin. The retardation factors (Rf) of Paracetamol, Caffeine, and Aspirin were 0.10, 0.21, and 0.40 respectively. Calibration curves were obtained in the concentration ranges of 5.0-40.0µg/spot, 2.0-16.0µg/spot and 3.0-24.0µg/spot for standard solutions of Paracetamol, Caffeine and Aspirin respectively. The New Prepared Chromatographic Thin Layers were successfully applied for analysis of commercial dosage forms (tablets) containing the drugs with average recovery 98.33 –101.83% with RSD not more than 3.86%.
Barriers to Oral health care in patients with special needs-A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Subramaniam Nandhini , Muthukrishnan Arvind
Published: May 2021

Aim- This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the barriers to receive oral care among patients with special health care needs. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 patients seeking dental treatment in the special care unit of Oral medicine department. A self-administered questionnaire was employed for data collection. Results: It was found that nearly 56% of respondents listed fear towards dental treatment as an important barrier which in turn prevents them from gaining access to dental care. Around 52% of patients considered their underlying medical problem as a reason for not seeking dental care as their comorbid condition would increase their fear of dental treatment, 43% of patients considered physical barriers or in need of caretakers as a barrier to Dental care. 10% of the population stated that they do not have barriers to access Dental care. Conclusion: The major barriers to oral health care utilization among patients with special needs were fear-related and hence these patients need attention towards fear alleviation and make dental care painless and simple.
Dissolution behavior of Olmesartan Medoxomil drug in Polymeric Micelles of Soluplus and Pluronic F127
Authors: Dutta Suchetana , Kulkarni P. K. , T. Shailesh
Published: May 2021

The aim of the present work was to study the dissolution behaviour of a poorly water-soluble Olmesartan Medoxomil (class II drug), by forming polymeric micelles (PMs) of SoluPlus and Pluronic F127. Polymeric Micelles of SoluPlus and Pluronic F127 were prepared by the co-solvent evaporation method. Drug and excipient compatibility study were carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The formulations were evaluated for particle size, Zeta Potential, Solubility studies, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to study the surface morphology of the PMs. The SEM images showed spherical surface of the micelles. The drug loading efficiency was more for SoluPlus micelles compared to Pluronic F127 micelles. The Polymeric micelles showed negative zeta potential value indicating that they are stable and resist aggregation. The particle size was around 100nm and polydispersity index was less than 1 indicating uniform size distribution. The drug release from the SoluPlus micelles was higher than the Pluronic micelles. These results suggest that the polymeric micelles can be used to increase the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Formulation and Standardization of Asava from Carica papaya
Authors: V. Y. Rohile , V. M. Patil , S. S. Patil , A. V. Desai , N. R. Inamdar
Published: May 2021

Asava and Arishta are alcoholic medicaments prepared by allowing the herbal juices or their decoctions to undergo fermentation with the addition of sugar. Standardization of ayurvedic formulation is important so as to assess the standard of medication. Within the present study standardization of asava from fruit tree Carica papaya, known to be effective in Dengue fever, Cancer cell growth inhibition, Antimalarial has been performed. Asava formulation was prepared by the normal method of Ayurveda. The formulation has been standardized by modern scientific control procedures for the finished products. Standardization of asava was achieved by organoleptic study, physicochemical parameters like PH, denseness, total solid content, amount, alcohol content, index of refraction, total reducing sugars, and stability study. The results have revealed that the physicochemical parameters were within the bounds and also the values may be wont to establish and formulate procedures for standardization and quality controlling of those ayurvedic formulations.
The Beneficial Effect of Nanostructured Oligochitosan against Gamma Irradiation and/or Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats
Authors: Mohamed Enas A. , Elbarbary Ahmed M. , Abd alaty Nashat M. M. , Ibrahim Nashwa K. , Said Mahmoud M. , Salem Ahmed M.
Published: May 2021

The current study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of nanostructured oligochitosan (NOC) against the synergistic toxic effects of -irradiation exposure and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication in male rats. Adult male rats were allocated into eight groups; control, NOC-administered, -irradiated, CCl4-intoxicated, NOC-pretreated -irradiated, NOC-pretreated CCl4-intoxicated, -irradiated and CCl4-intoxicated, NOC-pretreated CCl4-intoxicated and -irradiated. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results demonstrated that the oligochitosan prepared by exposure to gamma irradiation was in the range of nanoparticles. A synergistic hepatotoxic effect was demonstrated following the exposure of rats to -irradiation and CCl4 intoxication, along with the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. NOC was able to protect the hepatocytes from the combined toxic insults through suppressing lipid and protein oxidations, maintaining hepatic functions, downregulating the expression of some inflammatory genes, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), as well as enhancing the expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl2 gene and suppressing the proapoptotic Bax gene expression. Histological findings of liver tissues verified the biochemical and molecular data. The study clarified some of the molecular mechanisms by which NOC protects the liver against the synergistic toxic effect of -irradiation and CCl4.
Comparative Phytochemicals and Antioxidant activity of various Solvent extracts of Zanthoxylum armatum leaves from different Geographical regions of Himachal Pradesh and their correlation analysis
Authors: Gautam Manjula , Kumar Vikas , Sharma Sharma , Sourirajan Anuradha , Dev Kamal
Published: May 2021

Zanthoxylum armatum (family-Rutaceae) is a medicinally important and endangered plant species from Himalayan region. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different solvents on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Z. armatum leaves collected from different geographical regions of Himachal Pradesh. Extract of various solvents (chloroform, methanol, n-butanol and water) were prepared using cold maceration method. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of different extracts was quantified by spectrophotometric method. DPPH and FRAP assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of different extracts of Z. armatum leaves. Among all the solvent extracts from different regions, methanol extract (9.26±1.13mg g-1 GAE) of leaves samples collected from Sirmour showed higher total phenolic content; while chloroform extract of Solan (10.7±0.29mg g-1 RE) showed higher flavonoid content. Chloroform extract of Sirmour (9.61±4.02µg ml-1) showed comparatively higher % DPPH radical scavenging activity; whereas, methanol extract of Shimla (55.92±2.0µM Fe (II) equivalents) showed higher FRAP activity among all solvents extract from all geographical regions. The present study also showed correlation of solvent with various parameters such as phenolic content, flavonoid content, DPPH and FRAP assay. These parameters also vary with geographical locations. The results from the present study validate the importance of leaves of Z. armatum as source of natural antioxidants.
Gastro Retentive Dosage Forms: An excellent carrier system for treatment of Peptic Ulcer
Authors: Goudanavar P S , Ramesh B. , Fattepur S. R.
Published: May 2021

Peptic ulcer (gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer) is very common chronic disorder of stomach which is mainly caused by the damage or impairment of stomach lining. Various factors such as pepsin, gastric acid, H. pylori, NSAIDs, prostaglandins, mucous, bicarbonate and blood flow to mucosa play an important role in causing peptic ulcer. In this review article, our main focus is on some important approaches (floating, bioadhesive, high density, swellable and magnetic systems) which are helpful in gastro retention of different dosage forms for treatment of peptic ulcer. Various factors such as composition of meal, nature of meal, gender, age, posture, size, shape, density of the dosage form influence the efficiency of above approaches. Currently, a lot of work is running to improve different types of gastro retentive delivery systems of a wide range of drugs and compensate the effects of above factors. In the future, it is anticipated that they will become of growing significance, finally leading to improved efficiency of various types of pharmacotherapies.
Marine Microbial Metabolites:
A new wave of drugs for Combating Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Earny Venkat Abhiram , Kamath Venkatesh , Muralidharan Anuraag , K E Vandana , Khera Kanav
Published: May 2021

The steady increase in the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria amongst medical centers, environment, animals, and food is of major concern for health care professionals. Most of the currently used mainline antibacterial drugs were discovered during the golden era of antibiotic discovery (1950-60). During this period, many natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic molecules were screened for their antimicrobial potential against a spectrum of clinical pathogens. Nevertheless, there was a gap of forty long years until the release of a newer class of antibiotics in the market. It is very vital to develop an integrated approach to combat antimicrobial resistance. There has been a paradigm shift in the field of marine drug discovery in the last two decades. Bioactive metabolites derived from the marine ecosystem are known to exhibit a wide array of pharmacological activity than the terrestrial source. Among all marine organisms, secondary metabolites derived from microbes are the most underexplored natural source. Screening of marine microbes for various antimicrobial molecules has become a noteworthy trend in marine drug discovery and provides a ray of hope for combating antimicrobial resistance.
Cervical Cancer Prevention and Treatment: An Overview
Authors: Jose Sonja , Balakrishnan B. R.
Published: May 2021

Cervical cancer imposes a huge global burden. Cervical carcinoma is one of the most common and feared diseases of women, and in India, it accounts for 16 per cent of total cervical cancer cases occurring globally. The situation is more alarming in the rural areas where the majority of women are illiterate and ignorant about the hazards of cervical cancer. To date, various studies have been conducted on the risk factors associated with cervical cancer. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated the reasons by which HPV infection causes carcinogenesis. Two viral oncoproteins E6 and E7could play a key role in the HPV-infected cervical cancers. It has been documented that not all integrations necessarily depend on the E6 and E7 oncogenes expression. Currently, clinical treatment managements for cervical cancer typically include surgery, radiotherapy, and platinum-based chemotherapy. Treatment for early stage disease often is surgical therapy such as cervical conisation, total simple hysterectomy, or radical hysterectomy based on extent of spread of cervical cancer. In the recent years, a series of systemic treatments, for instance, the platinum-based chemotherapy and the recent FDA approved pembrolizumab, have applied for recurrent and advanced cervical cancer. Although screening and advanced therapeutic strategies have improved the survival rate of cervical cancer, some patients still die due to metastasis and drug resistance. Without a doubt, HPV vaccination could pre-vent the development of cervical cancer; however, many patients’ in underdeveloped countries cannot get HPV vaccination due to economic condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, mortality, and geographical distribution of cervical cancer and its risk factors in the world and study the molecular mechanisms of cervical cancer development and progression, to discover the novel molecular diagnostic methods and systemic management for cervical cancer. The findings of this study demonstrated that several factors including sexually transmitted infections, reproductive factors, hormonal influences, genetics and host factors are responsible for the incidence of cervical cancer. The results of this review study suggested that combination of biological, economic and health factors contributes to the incidence of cervical cancer. A large proportion cervical cancer can be prevented by prevention programs, lifestyle enhancement, smoking cessation, and timely and effective treatment of pre-cancerous lesions.
Thói quen đọc cho mục đích học tập và yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thói quen đọc của sinh viên Trường Đại học Cần Thơ
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng Vĩnh Vương
Published: May 2021

Ngày nay, tri thức đang gia tăng mạnh mẽ trong thời đại công nghệ số. Sinh viên dành nhiều thời gian đọc có nhiều cơ hội mở rộng cánh cửa tri thức để phát triển bản thân trong xã hội. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát 402 sinh viên của Trường Đại học Cần Thơ về thói quen đọc phục vụ học tập. Kết quả cho thấy sinh viên thích đọc tài liệu dạng điện tử và sử dụng khá nhiều thời gian đọc tự học. Ngoài ra, phân tích tương quan Pearson cho thấy nhiều yếu tố thuộc về nhà trường và gia đình có mối quan hệ ảnh hưởng đến thời gian đọc cho mục đích học tập của sinh viên. Kết quả nghiên cứu đóng góp thông tin hữu ích với các nhà giáo, nhà hoạch định chính sách phát triển nguồn tài liệu phù hợp xu hướng phát triển của xã hội. Phụ huynh và nhà trường tạo môi trường học tập khuyến khích thói quen đọc của sinh viên.
Xây dựng tiêu chuẩn đánh giá hình thái cho nữ vận động viên đội tuyển đá cầu tỉnh Đồng Tháp
Authors: Phạm Việt Thanh , Tiêu Thanh Sang
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu sử dụng những phương pháp thường quy trong thể dục thể thao xác định được 6 tiêu chí đảm bảo độ tin cậy và tính thông báo, qua đó xây dựng tiêu chuẩn đánh giá hình thái cho nữ vận động viên đội tuyển đá cầu tỉnh Đồng Tháp gồm thang điểm C, tiêu chuẩn phân loại và phân loại tổng hợp. Kết quả ứng dụng tiêu chuẩn đánh giá có 11,11% vận động viên xếp loại khá,  44,44%  xếp loại trung bình, 33,33% xếp loại yếu và 11,11% xếp loại kém.
Một số hợp chất được cô lập từ cao Chloroform thân cây mật gấu Mahonia Nepalensis DC.
Authors: Hồ Thị Kiêm Ngân , Dương Trần Thiện Toàn , Nguyễn Thị Lan Hương , Nguyễn Thị Hồng Hạnh , Nguyễn Hữu Duy Khang
Published: May 2021

Từ dịch chiết cao chloroform thân cây mật gấu được thu hái tại Buôn Mê Thuột, Đắk Lắk, Lâm Đồng, Việt Nam, chúng tôi đã ly trích và xác định cấu trúc 3 hợp chất: 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde (1); 2,3-dimethoxyphenol (2); 2-methylpyridin-3-ol (3). Cấu trúc hóa học của các hợp chất được xác định bằng các phương pháp phổ cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân một chiều và hai chiều kết hợp so sánh với các tài liệu tham khảo. Các hợp chất này lần đầu tiên được tìm thấy trong thân cây Mahonia nepalensis DC. mọc ở Việt Nam.
Khảo sát khả năng hấp phụ phenol đỏ và Mn(II) trong nước bằng vật liệu CTAB/Al-bentonit
Authors: Trần Thị Xuân Mai , Trần Việt Dũng , Bùi Văn Thắng
Published: May 2021

Trong nghiên cứu này, vật liệu bentonite biến tính bởi tác nhân hữu cơ/vô cơ được điều chế và ứng dụng để xử lý phenol đỏ và Mn(II) trong nước. Vật liệu được điều chế bằng cách trao đổi cation vô cơ nằm giữa lớp sét bentonite bằng tác nhân cetytrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) và polycation nhôm. Kết quả thu được cho thấy tác nhân CTAB và polycation nhôm đã được chèn vào giữa lớp bentonite. Động học hấp phụ phenol đỏ và Mn(II) phù hợp với phương trình động học biểu kiến bậc 2. Quá trình hấp phụ phenol đỏ và Mn(II) phù hợp với mô hình đẳng nhiệt Langmuir hơn mô hình Freundlich. Vì vậy, vật liệu CTAB/Al-bentonite được sử dụng làm chất hấp phụ xử lý phenol đỏ và Mn(II) được xem là phương pháp đầy hứa hẹn.
Comparison between Rafidhiya and Shuaiba Domes within the properties of Mishrif Formation in Zubair Field; the implication of structural Geology and petrophysical analyses
Authors: Lazim Aymen Adil , Dawood Hussain Sakban
Published: May 2021

The current study combined both concepts of structural geology and petrophysical to understand the structural feature of Mishrif Formation and its implication on the petrophysical characterization of the formation in Shuaiba and Rafidhiya Domes (or culminations) in Zubair Field. Shuaiba and Rafidhiya are adjacent domes and these domes belong to the same Field but the domes separated by saddle may related to Basra – Zubair basement fault.

The domes have different petrophysical properties of Mishrif Formation; consequently, influenced in water and oil saturation. Therefore, the study tries to understand the structural and petrophysical position of Mishrif Formation of the domes. The structural analysis included geometric and genetic analysis, whereas petrophysical analysis used open hole logs interpretation to determine the petrophysical characteristics (especially the distribution of porosity, permeability, and water saturation.

It was  concluded that may a variation in porosity and permeability of Mishrif Formation for Shuaiba and Rafidhiya domes because each dome was formed by a different folding mechanism effected on the petrophysical properties. The structural geology analysis detects that may be Shuaiba dome formed by bending fold mechanism (vertical force of salt structure), while Rafidhiya dome by buckling fold mechanism (parallel force of collision of Arabian and Eurasian plate). These mechanisms may directly be affected in permeability distribution, and consequently on oil and water saturation of Mishrif Formation. Thus, Shuaiba Dome has thinning in hinge area and extensional force leads to create fractures and karst phenomena, and as a result, high permeability in upper Mishrif. On the contrary, Rafidhiya Dome has a thickening feature and there is no indication of karst phenomena and low permeability. Therefore, the Mishrif of Shuaiba dome permeable and oil-saturated, while, it flooded with water in Rafidhiya Dome. The disconnection in reservoir pressure confirmed by difference in initial reservoir pressure of Mishrif Formation of Shuaiba Dome and recent reservoir pressure of Mishrif Formation of Rafidhiya Dome
تأثير تقلبات أسعار النفط الخام في استجابة السياسة المالية في العراق للمدة (1990 – 2017)
Authors: الچناني AMMAR NAEEM , الجابري Qusay abood
Published: May 2021

يهدف البحث الى قياس وتحليل تأثير تقلبات أسعار النفط الخام في استجابة السياسة المالية في العراق للمدة (1990 – 2017) باستعمال نموذج NARDL. وتوصل البحث الى وجود علاقة طردية غير خطية طويلة الاجل بين تقلبات أسعار النفط الخام في السوق الدولية واستجابة السياسية المالية في العراق للمدة المبحوثة نفسها، عند زيادة سعر النفط الخام بنسبة (1%) سيؤدي إلى زيادة النفقات العامة بنسبة (650.0%)، واذا انخفض سعر النفط بنسبة (1%) فسيؤدي إلى انخفاض النفقات العامة بنسبة (0.628%)، واذا تغيرت الإيرادات العامة بنسبة (1%) فستؤدي الى تغير النفقات العامة بنسبة (0.941%)، كما وإن حصول صدمة في أسعار النفط الخام فستؤدي الى زيادة النفقات العامة للعراق حيث تبلغ ذروتها بعد فصل من الصدمة وبعدها تبدأ بالانخفاض حتى تعود للتوازن بعد ستة فصول من الصدمة.
Alteration wettability of carbonate rocks by Nano fluids and comparison with PEG and SDS
Authors: Jalil Dr. Rana R , Hussein Dr. Hussein Qasim
Published: May 2021

This work was conducted to study limestone rock wettability alteration to enhance oil recovery by flooding using different Nano silica (NS) sizes suspended in saline water and compared with flooding solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant, the stability of nanofluids measured by zeta potential. In the flooding system, the secondary recovery by silica nanofluids (0.01 wt. % NS concentration) achieved an oil recovery of 35vol. % and 26.08 vol. % for 10, 52 nm after primary recovery respectively, while PEG polymer and SDS surfactant achieved oil recovery of 5 vol. % and 10 vol. % only respectively. The stability of pressure difference approved that silica nanoparticle never causes any plug or damage for the carbonate rocks
Optimization of (RP6000 and MAKS-9150) demulsifiers for separation of water from (Kirkuk / baba, Khbbaz) crude oil emulsion
Authors: Arslan Dr. Mueyyed Akram , Yaqoob Dr. Ghassan Burhan
Published: May 2021

In this study oil-soluble (RP6000 and MAKS-9150) emulsion breakers have been selected for separation of water from Kirkuk / baba (50oC), Khbbaz (40oC) crude oil emulsions and their activity measured using the Bottle test method at different concentration and found the activity of RP6000 demulsified best than MAKS-9150 emulsion breakers. RP6000 separated water (100%) in (15)min., (40)ppm and in (60)min., (20)ppm of demulsified for Kirkuk/ baba Crude oil and for khbbaz Crude oil the (100%) water separation was in (15)min., (80)ppm and in (30)min., (60)ppm and PH effect, salinity, temperature and density of emulsion stability depending on literature were explained for Optimization.
Abandonment of an Iraqi Well, justifications and feasibility study
Authors: Alwan Dr. Kareem A. , AlAttaby Hayder A.
Published: May 2021

At the beginning of petroleum industry evolving the regulation did not focus on environmental issues, it was, mainly, looking to natural resources (oil and gas) production and protection. By the time, environmental and safety implications started to be the highest priority, as a result of undesirable impact of oil operations on plant. Huge numbers of dry wells were abandoned according to environmental regulations to prevent side effects which involved contamination of shallow water aquifers, surface seepage of hydrocarbon (whether oil or gas) or salty water, potential hazardous of explosion or soil contaminations, and water contamination at offshore unplugged wells. Based on the hazards above, the main objectives of plugging and abandonment operations is to achieve isolation and protection of all fresh and near fresh water zones, and all future commercial zones, as well as prevent leaks in perpetuity from or into the well and remove surface equipment and cut pipe to a mandated level below the surface.

In this paper, an Iraqi oil well was studied as a case study of abandonment processes. The well represents a danger to people, environment and subsurface fresh water; due to unusual raised pressure in different annuluses and copious surface leak from wellhead components while production. Worthily to say that, it is seldom in Iraq to abandon the wells in current time, according to good reservoirs situation. The reasons and justifications of this well plugging, depending on economic analysis and investigation were studied, and explained, according to international practices and procedures of such treatments. The workover option is most economic option, but it was eliminated due to failure in ensuring the well safety and severe environmental impact which expected. According to investigation, pressure and laboratory tests were revealed that P&A is mandatory for this well as soon as possible.
An Investigation of Hybrid Solar-Steam Power Plant: A case study in Iraq
Authors: Amori Dr. Karima Esmail , Sari Randa Rashid
Published: May 2021

In this work integrating Al-Zubaydia (Kut-Iraq) thermal power plant with solar thermal system is studied for heating feed water by solar energy to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gases emission. A closed type Parabolic Trough Solar Collector (PTSC) is designed, constructed, instrumented, and tested. Its thermal characteristics are reported under Iraq climate conditions for the period extended from June, to September 2017. The collector heat gain, efficiency, absorber temperature and heat exchanger effectiveness (considered as feed water heater) were presented for absorber side flow rates of (0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) lpm of water or oil), and shell side water flow rates of (0.4, 0.5, 0.6lpm). Results show that the maximum obtained thermal efficiency of parabolic trough solar collector was 83.33% for oil working fluid. The maximum obtained oil outlet temperature was 106 oC at solar noon for (0.15) lpm. Theoretical results showed that the fuel save mode needs collector area of (32842 m2), while that needed for power boosting is (102569 m2) for the same thermal cycle efficiency. The fuel save mode reported a reduction in greenhouse emission.
Hierarchy in zeolite catalysis: The influence of enhanced mesoporosity on the synthesis of renewable fuels and bio-based platform chemicals
Authors: Al-Ani Aqeel , Freitas Catia , Zholobenko Vladimir
Published: May 2021

Faujasite (FAU), ZSM-5 (MFI), beta (BEA) and mordenite (MOR) zeolites were admitted to a variety of chemical treatments accompanied by surfactant templating strategy, aiming to introduce the intracrystalline mesoporosity effectively. The resulting materials were tested as solid acid catalysts for esterification of the oleic acid as a common model impurities found in bio-oil feedstoks. It was found that the esterification of oleic acid can be enhanced by the presence of strong acid sites in zeolites and their improved accessibility. Overall, mesostructured FAU zeolite demonstrated an improved catalytic performance as a result of increasing accessibility of the zeolite active sites.