bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fragilidade Ambiental da Sub-Região Hidrográfica Itacaiúnas (SRHI)
Authors: Silva Kelvis Nunes da , Ferreira Eduarda Costa , Loureiro Glauber Epfanio
Published: March 2021

A Sub-Região hidrográfica Itacaiúnas apresenta modificações significantes ao longo dos anos, devido à substituição de áreas florestais por pastagem, o que torna o território vulnerável e com altos potenciais de fragilidade ambiental. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a dinâmica da fragilidade ambiental da Sub-Região Hidrográfica Itacaiúnas (SRHI) para fins de planejamento ambiental. A pesquisa baseou-se na utilização do sensoriamento remoto para levantamento das variáveis e a atribuição de pesos para elaboração de mapas de fragilidade relacionados às classes de declividade, pedologia, geomorfologia e uso e ocupação do solo ao longo dos anos de 1985, 1995, 2005 e 2018. Os resultados indicaram que as condições humanas depreciam as condições naturais, uma vez que a classe muito baixa de fragilidade que ocupava 46,9% da área total em 1985 foi substituída pela classe média e passou a ocupar 48,6% no ano 2018, com isso, observou-se que a Bacia do Rio Parauapebas (BRP) apresentou maior grau de fragilidade, enquanto que a Bacia do Rio Catete (BRC), Bacia do Rio Sororó (BRS) e Bacia do Rio Vermelho (BRV) mostraram-se menos frágeis, indicando ser a principal mudança na SRHI. Nesse sentido, conclui-se que a área em estudo se mostrou vulnerável com relação à ecodinâmica por apresentarem grau de fragilidade média em sua maioria, o que mostra a necessidade de melhorias no que tange ao planejamento ambiental.
Carvão ativado oriundo do mesocarpo do fruto da castanha de caju (Anacardium ccidentale) na remoção de corante em meio aquoso
Authors: Silva João Paulo Sousa da , Barral Ana Vitória Silva , Azevedo Luiz Eduardo Chavez , Oliveira Thalia Silva , Sousa Antonio Almir Oliveira de , Nobre João Rodrigo  Coimbra , Stefanelli Wilson Ferando Rodrigues , Costa Thiago Antônio Paixão de Sousa , Silva Letícia Picanço da , Sousa Veronica Conceição
Published: March 2021

O despejo irregular de efluentes contendo corantes causa degradação do corpo hídrico. O objetivo desta pesquisa é confecção de carvão ativado através do mesocarpo da Castanha de Caju (Anacardium occidentale) para tratamento de água, por meio da adsorção, com a finalidade de remover o corante Verde Malaquita. Foi coletado 1 kg de biomassa residual de castanha de Caju, em uma Cooperativa no Munícipio de Ipixuna-PA, seguido de processo de ativação química com Hidróxido de Sódio (NaOH). A caracterização da amostra foi realizada pelos métodos de espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análise termogravimétrica (ATG), análise textural (SBET), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV/EDS). Quanto tratamento da água contendo o corante, foram realizados estudos para Equilíbrio e Cinética de adsorção. Nesse sentido, para equilíbrio, foram ajustados às isotermas de Freundlich e Langmuir, enquanto que para a cinética foram os modelos Pseudo-Primeira Ordem, Pseudo-Segunda Ordem e Difusão Intrapartícula. Os resultados de FTIR indicaram existência de grupos funcionais hidroxilas (OH) e carboxila (−COOH). O MEV/EDS indicaram partículas sólidas empilhadas e aglomeradas, gerando agregados de morfologia irregular, revelando principalemente os elementos: Oxigênio (O= 46,94%), Carbono(C=34,66%); Sódio (Na=16,13%). Quanto adsorção, para o equilíbrio ajustou-se o modelo de Langmuir (R²adj=0,8487; Qmax =573,83mg/g -1) e adsorção favorável com RL=0,0013. Por outro lado, na Cinética ajustou-se, difusão intra-partícula (R² adj=0,9966; C=69,13 mg/g-1). Portanto, carvão ativado demonstrou eficácia na remoção do corante devido a influência de grupos orgânicos funcionais, que favorecem na interação de moléculas catiônicas.
Intercropping arugula with aromatic condiment species affords better yields, biological efficiency and financial return
Authors: Viana Caris dos Santos , Guimarães Marcelo de Almeida , Lemos Neto Hozano de Souza , Lima Neto Benedito Pereira , Sampaio Ítalo Marlone Gomes , Hendges Ana Régia Alves de Araújo , Rabelo Janiquelle da Silva
Published: March 2021

Intercropping affords an increase in productivity by optimising the area used, as well as maximising input use efficiency the financial return of intercroping systems was higher than that observed in the respective individual cultures. Here we show prominently that the financial return of the consortium systems was higher than that observed in the respective individual cultures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic parameters, biological and productive efficiency, and economic performance of arugula under a single and intercropped system. The study was conducted at the Teaching Garden of the Federal University of Ceará, Brazil, in a randomised block design, with four replications and seven treatments: T1 (single arugula), T2 (arugula intercropped with coriander), T3 (arugula intercropped with parsley), T4 (arugula intercropped with garlic chives), T5 (single coriander), T6 (single parsley) and T7 (single garlic chives). Phytotechnical evaluations were carried out. Biological efficiency was evaluated based on the following factors: land use efficiency index or land equivalent ratio (LER), relative contribution of the arugula crop to the LER (CRC), area time equivalent ratio (RAET) and system productivity index (IPS). For the economic analysis, the following were evaluated: operational production costs (OC; BRL ha-1), gross revenue (GR; BRL ha-1), gross profit (GP; BRL ha-1), rate of return (RR; %) and profitability index (PI;%). The system based on arugula intercropped with coriander showed the best agronomic performance and biological efficiency. Productivity and economic advantage under this intercropped system were also superior to the other treatments.
Características da paisagem da sub-bacia do rio Escondido, Amazônia sul-ocidental, Brasil
Authors: Vendruscolo Jhony , Boone Nara Rúbia Vieira , Moreto Renan Fernandes , Santos Junior Nilson Reinaldo Fernandes dos , Soares Gilderlon dos Santos , Lima Ariane Cristine Rebelo , Cavalheiro Wanderson Cleiton Schmidt , Sccoti Marta Silvana Volpato , Maia Emanuel , Hara Francisco Adilson dos Santos
Published: March 2021

A realização de atividades agropecuárias é essencial para o crescimento econômico da sociedade, contudo, deve integrar o uso racional dos recursos naturais para se tornar sustentável. Deste modo, é necessário conhecer as condições ambientais na paisagem para planejar adequadamente seu manejo. Diante do exposto, teve-se por objetivo realizar um levantamento detalhado das características da paisagem na sub-bacia do rio Escondido, Amazônia sul-ocidental. Para tanto, foram analisadas as características geométricas, topográficas e hidrográficas, com os softwares QGIS, Google Earth e TrackMaker Free, imagens altimétricas do satélite ALOS e dados da literatura. A sub-bacia do rio Escondido tem área de 1.595,66 km2, perímetro de 233,98 km, forma alongada, baixa suscetibilidade de enchentes, altitudes de 182 a 597 m, predominância de relevos planos a ondulados (93,69%), rede de drenagem de 4.183,09 km, padrão dendrítico de 8ª ordem, média densidade de nascentes, alta densidade de drenagem, canal principal sinuoso, baixo coeficiente de manutenção e alto tempo de concentração. Essas características denotam elevado potencial para o desenvolvimento de atividades agropecuárias, todavia, é recomendada uma análise da dinâmica da cobertura do solo, considerando as características topográficas e hidrográficas da sub-bacia do rio Escondido, para delimitar as áreas prioritárias para conservação e recuperação da vegetação nativa. Também se recomenda o uso das microbacias como subunidades de gestão da sub-bacia do rio Escondido, por apresentarem características de paisagem diferenciadas que influenciam as práticas de manejo e, consequentemente, a eficiência da gestão dos recursos naturais.
Atividade alelopática do óleo de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii Desf) na qualidade das sementes de tomate
Authors: Cruz Rayane Monique Sete da , Pereira Renata Cristiane , Silva Breno Gabriel da , Santos Rayssa Fernanda dos , Braccini Alessandro Lucca , Filho Lucio Cardozo , Gonzaga Diego Eduardo Romero , Pelloso Murilo Fuentes , Rizzo Nathália Maria , Oliveira Silas Maciel de , Borges Yana Miranda
Published: March 2021

As atividades alelopática de óleos atuam diretamente em processos de germinação e crescimento de plântulas, afetando o desenvolvimento inicial, uma vez que a constituição e a classe a que pertencem tais óleos estão diretamente relacionados aos efeitos nocivos às sementes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito alelopático do óleo de copaíba sobre a germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de tomate. As sementes de dois lotes foram colocadas para germinar em substrato umedecido com 0; 0,01; 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 e 0,20% de óleo de copaíba. Foram utilizadas 200 sementes de tomate por tratamento, distribuídas em quatro repetições. Avaliou-se a germinação, o índice de velocidade de germinação e o comprimento de plântulas. A porcentagem de germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação das sementes dos dois lotes não diferiram entre si, no entanto sementes do lote 1 responderam de forma positiva à aplicação do óleo de copaíba. Em relação ao comprimento de plântulas, a concentração de 0,01% foi superior às demais. No que se refere ao lote 2, a ausência do óleo de copaíba proporcionou um maior comprimento de plântulas. As concentrações de óleo de copaíba não reduziram a porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação de maneira positiva. Para a observação do efeito alélopatico do óleo de copaíba em sementes de tomate, recomenda-se a utilização de concentrações superiores às que foram utilizadas no presente estudo.
USO DE INSECTOS COMO ALTERNATIVA EN LA NUTRICIÓN AVÍCOLA: REVISIÓN
Authors: Moreno Fanny Leonila Velasquez , Ton Ana Paula Silva , Rosa Cecilia María Guerra , Freitas Leonardo Willian de
Published: March 2021

La producción de insectos como fuente de nutrientes representa una alternativa de producción sostenible, atrayente y adecuada para satisfacer la creciente demanda de alimentos, especialmente para la nutrición animal. Estrategia nutricional que puede ser considerada principalmente por la industria alimentaria, ya que en comparación con otros alimentos de uso común como las harinas de origen animal y la harina de soja, puede aportar cantidades significativas de proteínas, lípidos, minerales, entre otros nutrientes. Estos insectos pueden ser alimentados con residuos agrícolas y desechos orgánicos, siendo esta una de las principales ventajas que refuerzan el uso de este ingrediente en la alimentación animal. Además, disminuyen costos de producción e intervienen en el desenvolvimiento de la microbiota benéfica, reducen la competencia por recursos alimenticios y actúan como inmunomoduladores. Actualmente, algunos estudios resaltan el uso de diversas harinas de insectos con la inclusión o sustitución total de las fuentes convencionales de proteína. Un ingrediente que ofrece resultados significativos de interés zootécnico, generando un impacto positivo en el sistema productivo, por lo cual merece destacarse. El objetivo de esta revisión de literatura es resaltar el uso de insectos en la nutrición animal, principalmente en la avicultura, como una alternativa económicamente viable para el productor en términos de reducción de costos sin afectar el desempeño productivo de los animales. En este sentido, destacar esta temática como una nueva perspectiva en la industria de la alimentación animal y el sector pecuario.
Satisfação dos usuários em condições crônicas no âmbito da atenção secundária em saúde
Authors: Silva Gabrielle Borges da , Nunes Alessandra Sant’anna , Gomes Helena Ferraz , Ferrão Carla Tatiana Garcia Barreto , Peres Ellen Marcia , Pires Bruna Maiara Ferreira Barreto , Andrade Priscila Cristina da Silva Thiengo de , Costa Carolina Cabral Pereira da , Lemos Patrícia Ferraccioli Siqueira , Azevedo Thaísa Goulart Lambranho de , Nunes Nívia Mariana de Souza , Pereira Beatriz Camargo Horsts , Freire Daniele Pinto , Santana Vivian Sarah Fernandes Vianna , Vilhegas Tainá Ferreira Santos
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o grau de satisfação de usuários em condições crônicas que fazem uso da terapia biológica em um serviço de atenção secundária em saúde. Método: Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada em uma Policlínica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2017, com 70 usuários portadores de condições crônicas acompanhados nas especialidades de reumatologia, gastroenterologia, alergia e pneumologia que fazem uso da terapia biológica. Utilizou-se um questionário com variáveis referentes as características dos usuários e a satisfação em relação ao serviço. Resultados: Os usuários avaliaram o serviço como satisfatório nas dimensões recepção, atendimento da equipe de enfermagem e saúde, bem como apontaram sentimentos de segurança e confiança na equipe durante o atendimento. Conclusão: a avaliação se mostrou positiva nas diferentes dimensões o que possibilita a tomada de decisão, a partir do conhecimento da performance do serviço sob a visão do usuário. Um excelente grau de satisfação dos usuários promove motivação dos profissionais que os assistem e permitem ao gestor criar estratégias para a continuidade e melhorias nos processos voltados ao acolhimento e assistência destes sujeitos.
Relação entre analgesia do parto e seus desfechos obstétricos
Authors: Veiga Ana Vitória Meireles , Dinato Ariane Oliveira , Attem Marinice Saraiva , Araujo Raysa Maria Silva de , Silva Luma Nunes Pereira da , Techi Lucas de Carvalho , Carneiro Eduardo de Carvalho , Cavalcante Igor dos Santos , Santos Lúcia Maria de Sousa Aguiar dos
Published: March 2021

A questão do uso de analgesia no parto, mesmo não sendo adotada comumente no Brasil, tem ocupado grande relevância nas discussões a respeito de como tornar esse momento menos doloroso e com menos desfechos desfavoráveis, tanto pro recém-nascido quanto pra mãe. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo avaliar a relação entre o uso das técnicas anestésicas e o desfecho obstétrico das gestantes durante o trabalho de parto, tendo como base os artigos publicados em base de dados. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que visa analisar e sintetizar o que a literatura traz sobre a analgesia do parto e seus possíveis desfechos obstétricos. A busca de artigos foi feita nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e no Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe (LILACS); além do portal PUBMED. Resultados e Discussão: Apesar de se apresentar satisfatória para controlar a dor, a administração de anestésicos locais pode desencadear diversos efeitos desfavoráveis. Durante a pesquisa destacou-se entre os estudos o aumento da duração do período expulsivo do trabalho de parto, a bradicardia fetal importante, além da elevação do número de partos instrumentais. Considerações finais: Este artigo considerou que existe o benefício do uso de analgesia para alívio da dor e conforto durante o parto, mas observou-se que existe uma relação entre seu uso e: o parto vaginal assistido, o atraso no início da lactação, o aumento na segunda fase de parto e a bradicardia fetal.
Avaliação das habilidades técnicas da equipe de enfermagem no atendimento da parada cardiorrespiratória
Authors: Silva Bianca Nunes Bueno da , Almeida Caroline Lourenço de , Martins Eleine Aparecida Penha , Silva Daniel Augusto da , Pereira Maria Gorete Nicolette , Menolli Gisele Andrade , Moreira Ana Cândida Martins Grossi
Published: March 2021

A parada cardiorrespiratória é um dos fatores responsáveis pela elevação da morbimortalidade, mesmo em situações ou locais que possam garantir um atendimento ideal. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o conhecimento e as habilidades técnicas da equipe de enfermagem quanto a reanimação cardiopulmonar. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal. Desenvolvida em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento em uma cidade do interior paulista. No período de julho a agosto de 2020. A amostra foi de 32 participantes. Foram elaborados instrumentos para coleta de dados sociodemográficos, e que avaliaram o desempenho; como habilidades e atitudes do profissional, quanto o conhecimento teórico-prático sobre o assunto abordado, sendo construído conforme a literatura e protocolos de atendimento da American Heart Association. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise estatística descritiva. A maioria dos participantes são do sexo feminino (27; 84,4%), na faixa etária entre 20 e 30 anos (14; 43,8%), Técnicos em Enfermagem (15; 46,9%). Sobre o resultado do Teste de Conhecimento sobre Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar, composto por 15 afirmações verdadeiras ou falsas, observou-se uma questão com 100% de acerto pelos participantes. Há déficit e lacunas de conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem no atendimento a ressuscitação cardiopulmonar.
Mucosite oral relacionada à quimioterapia em pacientes com câncer de mama: uma breve revisão
Authors: Marinho Pabliane Matias Lordelo , Barbosa-Lima Ricardo , Santos José Cleyton de Oliveira , Santos Dayane Ketlyn da Cunha , Sobral Glebson Santos , Vassilievitch Andressa Cabral , Amorim Bruno Ferreira , Costa Jéssica dos Santos , Fonseca Tiago Vasconcelos , Silva Glebson Moura , Kameo Simone Yuriko , Sawada Namie Okino
Published: March 2021

O câncer de mama pode impactar diversas esferas de saúde dos pacientes, uma vez que a vivência frente ao tratamento é frequentemente cercada de medos e anseios. É possível observar que reações adversas da quimioterapia são comuns e mulheres com câncer de mama podem apresentar alta incidência de mucosite oral (MO). Sendo assim, o objetivo desta revisão foi discutir a relação entre o tratamento quimioterápico do câncer de mama e a ocorrência da mucosite oral. A MO é caracterizada pelo surgimento de eritemas ou úlceras na cavidade oral, sendo que a sua classificação varia conforme a escala utilizada. A fisiopatologia está associada aos fatores de risco, visto que o tratamento administrado e o estilo de vida do paciente podem impactar diretamente na ocorrência e progressão da MO. Embora a maioria dos casos apresenta-se como leve ou moderada, o impacto da MO não pode ser subestimado, mesmo em casos de baixa sintomatologia ou impacto funcional, considerando a dor oral e a dificuldade na ingestão de alimentos. Assim, é importante que os profissionais estejam atentos à classificação, fatores de risco e possíveis impactos na saúde, incluindo o planejamento das intervenções preventivas e curativas no manejo desta reação adversa da quimioterapia. Profissionais de saúde, incluindo dentistas, enfermeiros e médicos devem estar preparados para lidar com casos de MO, promovendo ações integradas para reduzir o impacto dessa condição na saúde de mulheres com câncer de mama.
Transmigrated mandibular canines: clinical considerations and orthodontic biomechanics for the approach of orthodontic traction. A scoping review
Authors: Braga Luan Ribeiro , Nascimento Leonard Euler Andrade Gomes do , Pithon Matheus Melo
Published: March 2021

This scoping review aims to identify the clinical considerations and orthodontics biomechanics of applying the orthodontic traction approach to transmigrated mandibular canines. The search strategy followed the PRISMA for scoping reviews and was based on six databases, Cochrane C.R.C. Trials, BVS, PubMed (NLM), Google Scholar, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, and included articles published as recently as February 2021. The records had to identify lower canines traction protocols and outcomes. The publications obtained had to meet criteria for the structure of the research and bibliography. The search included combinations of the keywords lower canine, cuspid, and transmigration, along with the terms biomechanics and scoping review in the databases. Only after a consensus of the three reviewers had been reached were the articles retrieved. When a transmigrated lower canine has already erupted, orthodontics biomechanics traction begins by bonding tooth buttons and/or bracket prescriptions: MBT 0.022” x 0.028”, Roth 0.018” x 0.022”, and/or Beggs rectangular arches, ligatures, and elastics. Surgical interventions may be added. The treatment time varied from 22 months to 3.6 years. The final occlusal relationships were satisfactory and did not cause damage to the surrounding tissues. Among the selected articles, the orthodontic biomechanics showed the complexity of the movements. An appropriate occlusion and stability were achieved. Failures in the approach were also found. The clinical considerations show this approach to be viable but to have inherent risks, which include the proximity of the canines to the lower incisor roots.
Development of Teaching Materials Based on Confidence Character Education for Improving Reading Skills of Grade IV Elementary Students
Authors: Indriani Silvia , Utaminingsih Sri , Kanzunnudin Mohammad
Published: March 2021

The research objectives were to describe the need for developing teaching materials based on confident character education, to describe the product design for the development of teaching materials, to explain the acceptability of developing teaching materials based on confident character education to improve reading skills of fourth grade students. Teaching materials are a set of material/learning materials (teaching material) arranged systematically, showing a complete figure of the competencies that students will master in learning activities. According to Lauster in Ghufron (2011:36), the aspects contained in self-confidence include: belief in self-ability, optimism, positive attitude, objective, responsible, rational.Research and development methods (Research and Development / R & D) are used to develop or validate products used in education and learning Sugiyono (2009: 4) cites the opinion of Borg and Gall (1988). This research will be carried out in seven research stages (1) Theoretical and Practical Analysis (2) Needs Analysis of Reading Skills Textbook Development (3) Prototype Compilation (4) Expert Test (5) Prototype Revision (6) Product Use Test (7) Revision Field Test Results.This material is effective in improving students reading aloud skills. This is evidenced by the increase in the n-gain index in the experimental class higher than the control class. The experimental class has an increase in gain of 0.57 in the medium category and the control class by 0.25 in the low category.
Medical and Biological Risk Factors for the Birth of Extremely Low and Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Tabysheva A. , Maimerova G. , Kondratyeva E.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the medical and biological risk factors in deeply premature newborns who were treated in the Osh City Maternity Hospital (Kyrgyz Republic). The study group included 93 children, the first group consisted of premature newborns with ENMT 31 (25.2%), the second group — 62 (50.4%) newborns with ONMT, the comparison group included 30 (24.4%) premature newborns. The identified biomedical risk factors in profoundly premature infants are important, as they are one of the ways to determine interventions to reduce mortality in this category of children.
Social Risk Factors for the Birth of Deeply Preterm Infants
Authors: Tabysheva A. , Maimerova G. , Shaiderova I.
Published: March 2021

The article presents data on social the risk factors for the birth of premature newborns who were on inpatient treatment in the perinatal center of Osh (Kyrgyz Republic). The study group included 93 children, the first group consisted of premature newborns with ENMT 31 (25.2%), the second group — 62 (50.4%) newborns with ONMT, the comparison group included 30 (24.4%) premature newborns.
Assessment of the State of Diagnostics and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis in School-age Children
Authors: Narzullaev N. , Zhumaeva Z.
Published: March 2021

Allergic diseases are a topical area of research today. Allergic rhinitis is most common among both children and adults. According to WHO, more than 40% of the population of developed countries have signs of allergic readiness. Currently, the frequency of allergic rhinitis in the general population is 10–20%, and at the same time these figures tend to further increase this disease.
The Use of Technogenous Waste from the Kadamjai Antimony Plant as a Raw Material for the Production of Portland Cement
Authors: Erkinbaeva N. , Ysmanov E. , Tashpolotov Y.
Published: March 2021

The article investigates the temperature regime and the amount of heat required for sintering a mixture obtained from industrial waste (dump slag, flotation tailings) with the addition of natural clay. The chemical composition of industrial waste (slag, dump, flotation tailings) and natural clay, which are suitable for use as raw material for the production of Portland cement and other building materials, have been investigated. Utilization of man-made waste (Kadamzhai antimony plant) will help improve the environmental situation in the region, and on the other, reduce material costs of production to obtain new products.
Ways to Improve the Activities of Innovative Entrepreneurship in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Khamdamova G.
Published: March 2021

This article examines the prospects for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan, which contributes to the activation of innovative entrepreneurship as one of the key subjects of innovation, ensuring the rapid and effective development and commercialization of various types of innovations.
Methodological Aspects for Determining the Efficiency of Marketing in Companies
Authors: Umidova F.
Published: March 2021

At the current stage of reforms in the economy of Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to the development of competition in commodity markets. In such a competitive market environment, the success of any business depends on the efficiency of marketing activities. Therefore, this article describes the methodological aspects of determining the efficiency of marketing in companies. Indicators that determine the efficiency of marketing activities are reflected. In particular, the structure of internal and external performance indicators of marketing activities, current and final indicators related to marketing activities are shown. The importance of costs in the efficiency of marketing activities has also been mentioned. The composition of marketing costs is determined.
Independence of Judges and Its Implementation in Russian Criminal Procedure
Authors: Pestrikova K.
Published: March 2021

The development of the judicial system of the Russian Federation is of great importance for criminal proceedings. The article examines one of the fundamental features of justice, as the independence of judges. The author's work examines the legal status of judges, the implementation of the principle of independence, as well as consideration of the reasons for violation of the independence of judges and ways of solving these problems. An opinion was expressed on strengthening the independence of judges. Examples of this strengthening are given.
Ways Learning Dialogue
Authors: Daakybaeva A.
Published: March 2021

This article examines the ways of teaching dialogue in practical classes of the Kyrgyz language for students who are not native speakers. Two approaches to teaching dialogue: inductive and deductive. This article highlights the most suitable materials for teaching dialogic communication.
Linguocreativity in the Anthropocentric Context
Authors: Abdullaeva Ch.
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on the issue of validation of the linguistic status of the phenomenon of linguocreativity in the anthropocentric paradigm; provides an overview of studies of the phenomenon of linguistic creativity and its functions (communicative and stylistic, pragmatic and cognitive); provides a basic definition of the concept of linguocreativity; outlines the research program of linguistic description of actualization of the function of linguocreativity in various types and forms; formulates the goals, objectives, object, subject and hypothesis of research.
Names of Birds in the Work Diwan Lughat at-Turk and in the Modern Kyrgyz Language
Authors: Tokosheva Zh.
Published: March 2021

The work of the first Turkologist of the Middle Ages, geographer, outstanding linguist Mahmud Kashgari Diwan Lughat at-Turk is an incomparable wealth for the Turkic languages. With the help of this work, it is quite possible to trace the evolution of the Turkic languages, among which there is also the modern Kyrgyz language. This article examines the names of birds in the work of the scientist of all Turkic nations Mahmud Kashgari Diwan Lughat at-Turk and their comparison with the modern Kyrgyz language. It is known that most of the words mentioned in the article, apart from the fact that they have undergone only minor phonetic changes, are pronounced in the Kyrgyz language without changes as in their original form. The article examines how the names concerning birds are pronounced in the Kyrgyz language, and also analyzes some words. As a result of a comparative analysis, the historical and semantic connection of the following words in the Turkic languages was revealed: kargylach–karlygach; ular–ular; kukuk–kukuk; keklik–kekilik; kargaa–karga etc.
Reconstruction of the Dynamics Thinking and Civilization of Khalifah Umar Bin Khattab in Islamic Education
Authors: Fadhlurrahman Fadhlurrahman , Parnawi Afi , Yuliana Anaas Tri Ridlo Dina Yuliana , Kurniawan Muh Alif
Published: March 2021

Problems in the world of education are always in the spotlight. Because with education there will be many suitable and quality leaders. But education is not yet fully capable of forming a leader who is reliable and tough. This manuscript seeks to examine the social history of society more deeply at the time of the Caliph Umar bin Khattab and how the next generation should follow steps. He succeeded in making regulations in the world of education and issues at that time and had thoughts on problems in the world of government. This illustrates the magnitude of Caliph Umar bin Khattab's view and role in solving problems at that time. This research uses a descriptive analysis method to explain Umar bin Khattab's thoughts in Islamic education, and then the content analysis method is used to find basic ideas, development, and renewal as well as serving as caliph. For example, in education, the author found that Umar bin Khattab had thoughts about God. The discussion about God is the basis of Islamic education. They were then developed with his ideas and understanding of the cosmos (universe) to the fields of economics, law, and government so that this thought and civilization deserves to be reconstructed in the present.

Keywords: Reconstruction of Civilization Islamic Education, Umar bin Khattab in Islamic Education
HALKBİLİMSEL BAKIŞ AÇISI ve DİSİPLİNLERARASI BİR YAKLAŞIMLA HALKBİLİMİ ETİK ve METAETİK İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: ÇOBANOĞLU Sacide
Published: March 2021

Günümüzde, ahlâk, etik ve metaetik konularının sadece ve sadece felsefenin araştırma
alanına girdiği yönündeki yaygın kanaat aynı zamanda eksik ve yanlış bir kanaattir. Ahlâk ve
etik sözcüklerinin töre, gelenek, görenek, alışkanlık, karakter, huy, mizaç anlamına gelen
köklerden türeyerek kendi sözcük yapılarında dahi geleneğin varlığını muhafaza etmeleri bize,
bu sözcüklerin ifade ettikleri araştırma alanlarının, gelenekleri inceleyerek insanı daha iyi
anlamaya çalışan halkbilimi ile ne denli iç içe olduğunu bariz bir şekilde göstermektedir. Kaldı ki
tanımı; “Halkbilimi” veya “Folkloristik” en geniş tanımlanışıyla insan davranışlarını ve
geleneklerini çalışarak objesi olan insanı daha iyi anlamak ve onun hakkında daha derin bir
bilgiye kavuşmak amacıyla on dokuzuncu yüzyıl başlarında ortaya çıkan bağımsız bir bilim
dalıdır şeklinde yapılan halkbiliminin inceleme alanına giren toplumsal olgular, etiğin ortaya
çıkışında, bağlam görevi yapmakta ve metaetiğin sorgusal yaklaşımına zemin
hazırlamaktadırlar. İnceleme alanlarından birinin toplumların âdetleri, gelenekleri, görenekleri,
töre ve örfleri olan halkbiliminden bağımsız yapılan etik ve metaetik çalışmaları eksik bir çalışma
durumundadır.
Çalışmamızda; Halkbilimi ile Etik ve çağımızın en yeni kuramlarından biri olan Metaetik
arasında geliştirilebilecek ortak bakış açıları gündeme getirilmiş ve üç alanın da ortaklığıyla
oluşturulacak çalışmalarda izlenebilecek yeni yöntemler üzerine düşünceler ortaya konmuştur.
Çalışmamız; halkbilimsel bağlamda, disiplinlerarası bakış açısıyla yapılacak araştırmalarla
yanlış bakış açısıyla oluşturulan etik, metaetik konularının felsefenin araştırma alanına girdiği
yönündeki yaygın kanaatlerin ortadan kaldırılmasına yardımcı olmak amacını taşımaktadır. Çok
uzun yıllardır birbirleriyle; temelde çalışma yöntemleri haricinde büyük farklılıklar bulunmayan
sosyal bilimler alanlarının, el ele vermeleri ve disiplinlerarası çalışmalar yaparak doğruya ve
gerçeğe ulaşma yolunda ortak hareket etmeleri gerekmektedir
SCIENCE FICTION IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND CINEMA
Authors: YILDIRIM ŞAHİN Emek
Published: March 2021

In the 20th century, science and technology, which penetrated into every individual’s life
after the Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, gained a complete dominance over
foremostly daily life of the humankind and all other fields by demonstrating a progress further
than the ground covered throughout the human history. This process at the same time has
caused various kinds of appearances within the world of thought of the humanity. By
considering the positive and negative effects of science and technology on the human life,
utopic and dystopic narratives were produced. The last 200-250 years of the human history
have gone by witnessing that these ideas created debates, concepts, theories, facts, and
practices not only within the fields of art but also in the social and political arenas. Particularly, it
is an undeniable truth regarding the social and political influences of the literary and visual
instances of science fiction, which is one of these concepts. In general, an investigation
concerning the 20th century adventure of science fiction at the same time offers an opportunity
for a depth discussion in regards to the social and political atmosphere of the 20th century as
well. For this reason, by this article, while the science fiction works in Russian literature and
cinema and the conditions cause to exhibit them will be handled, on the other hand, it will be
tried to disclose the hints of the social and political circumstances of the era.
SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN FLÖRTTE ŞİDDETE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ŞİMŞEK KÜÇÜKKELEPÇE Didem , AYDIN ÖZKAN Semiha
Published: March 2021

Bu araştırma sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin flörtte şiddete yönelik tutumları ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu araştırma, Güneydoğu’da bir il merkezinde bulunan bir üniversitenin sağlık bilimleri fakültesinde 2018-2019 bahar döneminde eğitim almakta olan 305 öğrenci ile yürütüldü. Veriler, “Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Flört Şiddetine Yönelik Tutum Ölçekleri” aracılığı ile elde edilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanıldı. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.76±2.05 olup, 20 yaş ve altı ile 21 yaş üstü öğrencilerin flörtte şiddete yönelik tutum ölçekleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Tüm alt boyutlar ve toplam puan arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin cinsiyetleri, okudukları bölüm ve devam ettikleri sınıfa bakıldığında flörtte şiddete yönelik tutum ölçekleri puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak araştırmaya katılan erkek öğrencilerin flört ilişkilerinde partnerlerine yönelik hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik şiddeti kabul düzeylerinin kadınlara göre yüksek olduğu saptandı.
A Study of the Relevance between Service Design and Consumer-Perceived Value Based On Social Marketing in Cultural and Creative Industry
Authors: YAN Wu , LEI Ren
Published: March 2021

Due to the democratization and liberalization of national policies, which have promoted global economic development, and coupled with advances in information technology, dramatic changes have occurred in economic development. Among them, global cultural flows have far-reaching and wide-ranging impacts on countries worldwide. The interactive relationship between culture and the economy has enabled the cultural industry to grow rapidly. As the structure of industry and people's lifestyles and ideologies have changed, the development of design expertise has also transformed from tangible objects to the intangible world. Additionally, with the advent of the information society, emphasis has gradually been placed on interactive design, experience design, and service design. Intangible service design may become an important source of innovation and core competitiveness with future corporate value. The research object of this study is the average consumer in Fujian Province, China. Questionnaires were issued and collected by email. A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out, and 314 valid questionnaires were returned; thus, the recovery rate was 79%. The findings of this research include the following. (1) Social marketing significantly and positively affects service design. (2) Service design significantly and positively affects consumer-perceived value. (3) Social marketing significantly and positively affects consumer-perceived value. Based on these results, recommendations are made with the expectation of helping the development of cultural and creative industries to turn toward sustainable development.
The Impact of School Principals on Teachers’ Organizational Culture Perceptions and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors
Authors: CIFTGUL Recep , CETINKANAT Ayse Canan
Published: March 2021

The aim of this research is to detect whether the participatory, supportive and guiding leadership styles of primary school principals have effect upon their organizational culture and organizational citizenship behaviour. Survey method is used in the research. The research population is composed of 1219 primary school teachers under the Ministry of National Education of TRNC, while the sample is composed of 448 teachers selected from different provinces. “Scale of leadership styles” is used to maintain leadership styles and for the leader culture level in schools. Data for the level of organizational citizenship behavior evaluated by teachers is gathered through the “scale of organizational citizenship behavior”. In analyzing data, arithmetic mean and standard deviation values were used as identifying statistics, regression analysis was used as well and the research data was analyzed using the SPSS program. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that school principals used more participatory and supportive leadership styles in turn. All three leadership styles are found effective on teachers’ organizational culture perceptions as significant predictors on the other hand organizational citizenship behaviors only predict participatory and supportive leadership styles.
Spatial Learning Is Impaired in Male Pubertal Rats Following Neonatal Daily but Not Randomly Spaced Maternal Deprivation
Authors: Stoneham Emily T. , McHail Daniel G. , Samipour-Biel Sabina , Liehr Nicole , Lee Christina M. , Evans Jean C. , Boggs Katelyn , Dumas Theodore C.
Published: March 2021

Severe early life stress has long been associated with neuropsychological disorders in adulthood, including depression, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and memory dysfunction. To some extent, all of these conditions involve dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and reduced negative feedback inhibition of cortisol release in adulthood. However, the time course for mental health and hormonal outcomes across life stages and the attributes of early life stress that direct the behavioral and biological alterations is not fully understood. We designed our studies to compare outcomes of the two most common maternal deprivation schedules on cognitive ability prior to adulthood. We exposed rat pups to daily or randomly spaced maternal separation bouts within the first 3 weeks of life and examined cognitive performance, neurotrophic signaling, and stress and immune system markers during puberty. We found that the daily separation schedule impaired spatial learning while the randomly spaced schedule did not alter maze performance relative to normally reared control animals. Animals that underwent daily separation showed a tendency for reduced body weight compared to the randomly spaced condition, but there were no differences in adrenal weight. Thymus weight normalized by body weight was increased following daily separation compared to random separation and control conditions. Plasma corticosterone levels measured after behavior testing did not differ amongst experimental groups and there was no impact of TrKB receptor inhibition. Combined, the results show that different early life stress schedules produce different behavioral and biological outcomes when measured at puberty. Combined with prior findings from more mature animals, the results presented here suggest that daily neonatal stress produces varied alterations in spatial cognition at different life stages with a transient learning deficit at puberty preceding a more persistent and a progressive memory impairment through adulthood and into aging.
Evaluation of the Genetic Variation Spectrum Related to Corneal Dystrophy in a Large Cohort
Authors: Li Wei , Qu Ning , Li Jian-Kang , Li Yu-Xin , Han Dong-Ming , Chen Yi-Xi , Tian Le , Shao Kang , Yang Wen , Wang Zhuo-Shi , Chen Xuan , Jin Xiao-Ying , Wang Zi-Wei , Liang Chen , Qian Wei-Ping , Wang Lu-Sheng , He Wei
Published: March 2021

Aims

To characterize the genetic landscape and mutation spectrum of patients with corneal dystrophies (CDs) in a large Han ethnic Chinese Cohort with inherited eye diseases (IEDs).

Methods

Retrospective study. A large IED cohort was recruited in this study, including 69 clinically diagnosed CD patients, as well as other types of eye diseases patients and healthy family members as controls. The 792 genes on the Target_Eye_792_V2 chip were used to screen all common IEDs in our studies, including 22 CD-related genes.

Results

We identified 2334 distinct high-quality variants on 22 CD-related genes in a large IEDs cohort. A total of 21 distinct pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were identified, and the remaining 2313 variants in our IED cohort had no evidence of CD-related pathogenicity. Overall, 81.16% (n = 56/69) of CD patients received definite molecular diagnoses, and transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein (TGFBI), CHTS6, and SLC4A11 genes covered 91.07, 7.14, and 1.79% of the diagnosed cases, respectively. Twelve distinct disease-associated mutations in the TGFBI gene were identified, 11 of which were previously reported and one is novel. Four of these TGFBI mutations (p.D123H, p.M502V, p.P501T, and p.P501A) were redefined as likely benign in our Han ethnic Chinese IED cohort after performing clinical variant interpretation. These four TGFBI mutations were detected in asymptomatic individuals but not in CD patients, especially the previously reported disease-causing mutation p.P501T. Among 56 CD patients with positive detected mutations, the recurrent TGFBI mutations were p.R124H, p.R555W, p.R124C, p.R555Q, and p.R124L, and the proportions were 32.14, 19.64, 14.29, 10.71, and 3.57%, respectively. Twelve distinct pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations of CHTS6 were detected in 28 individuals. The recurrent mutations were p.Y358H, p.R140X, and p.R205W, and the proportions were 25.00, 21.43, and 14.29%, respectively. All individuals associated with TGFBI were missense mutations; 74.19% associated with CHTS6 mutations were missense mutations, and 25.81% were non-sense mutations. Hot regions were located in exons 4 and 12 of TGFBI individuals and located in exon 3 of CHTS6 individuals. No de novo mutations were identified.

Conclusion

For the first time, our large cohort study systematically described the variation spectrum of 22 CD-related genes and evaluated the frequency and pathogenicity of all 2334 distinct high-quality variants in our IED cohort. Our research will provide East Asia and other populations with baseline data from a Han ethnic population-specific level.
Exploiting Connections for Viral Replication
Authors: Wong Louise H. , Edgar James R. , Martello Andrea , Ferguson Brian J. , Eden Emily R.
Published: March 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, is a positive strand RNA (+RNA) virus. Like other +RNA viruses, SARS-CoV-2 is dependent on host cell metabolic machinery to survive and replicate, remodeling cellular membranes to generate sites of viral replication. Viral RNA-containing double-membrane vesicles (DMVs) are a striking feature of +RNA viral replication and are abundant in SARS-CoV-2–infected cells. Their generation involves rewiring of host lipid metabolism, including lipid biosynthetic pathways. Viruses can also redirect lipids from host cell organelles; lipid exchange at membrane contact sites, where the membranes of adjacent organelles are in close apposition, has been implicated in the replication of several +RNA viruses. Here we review current understanding of DMV biogenesis. With a focus on the exploitation of contact site machinery by +RNA viruses to generate replication organelles, we discuss evidence that similar mechanisms support SARS-CoV-2 replication, protecting its RNA from the host cell immune response.
Genome-Wide Association Identifies Risk Pathways for SAPHO Syndrome
Authors: Cai Ruikun , Dong Yichao , Fang Mingxia , Fan Yuxuan , Cheng Zian , Zhou Yue , Gao Jianen , Han Feifei , Guo Changlong , Ma Xu
Published: March 2021

SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disease which is characterized by the comprehensive manifestations of bone, joint, and skin. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of SAPHO syndrome. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 49 patients and 121 control subjects have primarily focused on identification of common genetic variants associated with SAPHO, the data were analyzed by classical multiple logistic regression. Later, GWAS findings were further validated using whole exome sequencing (WES) in 16 patients and 15 controls to identify potentially functional pathways involved in SAPHO pathogenesis. In general, 40588 SNPs in genomic regions were associated with P < 0.05 after filter process, only 9 SNPs meet the expected cut-off P-value, however, none of them had association with SAPHO syndrome based on published literatures. And then, 15 pathways were found involved in SAPHO pathogenesis, of them, 6 pathways including osteoclast differentiation, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, et al., had strong association with skin, osteoarticular manifestations of SAPHO or inflammatory reaction based published research. This study identified aberrant osteoclast differentiation and other pathways were involved in SAPHO syndrome. This finding may give insight into the understanding of pathogenic genes of SAPHO and provide the basis for SAPHO research and treatment.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Regulate Osteoclasts in Health and Disease
Authors: Meng Xianyi , Wielockx Ben , Rauner Martina , Bozec Aline
Published: March 2021

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have become key transcriptional regulators of metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, proliferation, inflammation and metastases. HIFs are tightly regulated by the tissue microenvironment. Under the influence of the hypoxic milieu, HIF proteins allow the tissue to adapt its response. This is especially critical for bone, as it constitutes a highly hypoxic environment. As such, bone structure and turnover are strongly influenced by the modulation of oxygen availability and HIFs. Both, bone forming osteoblasts and bone resorbing osteoclasts are targeted by HIFs and modulators of oxygen tension. Experimental and clinical data have delineated the importance of HIF responses in different osteoclast-mediated pathologies. This review will focus on the influence of HIF expression on the regulation of osteoclasts in homeostasis as well as during inflammatory and malignant bone diseases.