bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survivre sous le régime des talibans
Authors: Abdul Lamia
Published: January 2023

Depuis le 15 août 2021, les femmes afghanes se voient imposer par le régime taliban des lois de plus en plus oppressives, les privant au quotidien de leurs libertés fondamentales. Entre le mois de septembre 2021 et le mois de mars 2022 nous avons recueilli le témoignage de quatre de ces femmes. Ces dernières, qui avaient toutes des liens étroits avec des associations afghanes en Europe, ont accepté de raconter leur expérience singulière face aux talibans ainsi que leurs douleurs, leurs blessures, leurs luttes et leurs espoirs. Ce premier article, d’une mini-série à suivre, relate le parcours d’une jeune femme afghane de 21 ans vivant à Kaboul, étudiante en journalisme et membre très active de l’association « Aid for Afghans » ainsi que d’une association de défense des droits de la femme. Victime de tortures et d’emprisonnement, elle témoigne de la situation actuelle des jeunes femmes afghanes à Kaboul. Souhaitant informer, adresser un message aux femmes et aux hommes sensibles à la cause des femmes afghanes.
Le corniaud et le chien de race
Authors: Dolez Bernard
Published: January 2023

Forgée par Maurice Duverger, la notion de régime semi-présidentiel n’a rencontré qu’un faible écho en France alors que les comparatistes anglo-saxons s’en sont rapidement emparés sous l’impulsion de Robert Elgie et Matthew Shugart. Cet article revient sur la genèse, la réception et la diffusion d’une notion dont la circulation a été interrompue, puisque l’écho des travaux menés à l’étranger semble se briser sur les frontières de l’Hexagone.
Les périls du semi-présidentialisme
Authors: Rozenberg Olivier
Published: January 2023

Une littérature fournie a pu interroger la contribution du parlementarisme et du présidentialisme à la qualité démocratique des systèmes politiques. Dans cette veine, l’article passe en revue différents périls démocratiques associés à la forme semi-présidentielle. Il fait valoir les possibles régressions liées à la fois à la concurrence possible entre les deux têtes de l’exécutif et à la légitimité électorale dont le président peut se prévaloir.
Introuvable « semi-présidentialisme » : les régimes parlementaires biélectifs sans emprise présidentielle
Authors: Le Divellec Armel
Published: January 2023

L’idée même de régime semi-présidentiel est douteuse, puisqu’elle produit l’illusion qu’un président élu par le peuple aurait vocation logique à exercer un rôle majeur dans le cadre d’un système foncièrement parlementaire. Or tel n’est pas le cas dans la plupart des pays libéraux possédant cette structure dès lors que la logique institutionnelle du système parlementaire est prise au sérieux. L’influence présidentielle se ramène alors à un simple correctif proportionnel aux difficultés parlementaires et comparable à celle des chefs d’État non élus par le peuple. L’exception française le confirme a contrario car elle prospère précisément en s’appuyant sur les ressorts parlementaires qu’elle parvient à instrumentaliser.
Les élections en régime semi-présidentiel
Authors: Magni-Berton Raùl
Published: January 2023

Étudier le comportement des électeurs dans les régimes semi-présidentiels permet non seulement de mesurer le rapport de force entre le président et le Parlement, mais aussi de comprendre pourquoi il bascule vers l’un ou vers l’autre. À partir de données électorales, l’article montre que le risque de glissement vers l’autoritarisme est beaucoup plus fort quand le président occupe une place prépondérante, ce qui est le cas de la France. Il montre aussi qu’un mode de scrutin plus proportionnel et une légère modification du calendrier électoral permettraient au Parlement français d’occuper une place centrale dans la vie politique.
L’État civil : réflexion autour de la pensée de Muḥammad ‘Abduh
Authors: Brahimi Mohamed Amine , Sangaré Youssouf T.
Published: January 2023

Résumé Depuis plus d’une décennie, la notion d’État civil (dawla madaniyya) se trouve, de plus en plus, mobilisée dans les débats et tensions qui traversent les mondes arabes. Ainsi, elle a été largement utilisée et scandée en 2011, lors du « printemps arabe » et des débats constitutionnels qui ont suivi la révolution tunisienne, mais aussi dans des révoltes plus récentes (Hirak algérien, Révolution soudanaise). Dans cet article, nous nous proposons de procéder à un retour historique sur cette notion d’État civil ; ce qui permettra de mieux comprendre les modalités de son émergence dans la pensée arabo-musulmane ainsi que les problématiques qui y sont liées. Pour ce faire, nous nous appuyons sur les écrits d’une des figures les plus importantes de cette pensée : Muḥammad ‘Abduh (1849-1905).
Legislative Inflation and Private Credit
Authors: Stef Nicolae , Soula Jean-Loup , Pourchet Alexandre
Published: January 2023

Cette étude analyse la relation entre inflation normative et crédit privé au niveau national. L’échantillon comprend 33 pays et couvre une période de 2004 à 2016. Les résultats indiquent que l’efficacité du gouvernement modère la relation entre la création de nouvelles lois et le crédit privé. Dans les pays dont les gouvernements sont efficaces, la promulgation de nouvelles lois conduit à une expansion du crédit. Par conséquent, les intermédiaires financiers de ces pays interprèteraient l’inflation normative comme une amélioration continue des normes légales ; les nouvelles lois visant à remplacer des lois inefficaces ou obsolètes.
L’organisation en ligne des partis politiques européens
Authors: Sandri Giulia , Von Nostitz Felix , Neihouser Marie
Published: January 2023

L’utilisation croissante des technologies numériques par les partis politiques est devenue un objet de recherche très important (Gerbaudo, 2019a ; Oross et Tap, 2021 ; Barberà et al ., 2021). Néanmoins, la manière dont les technologies numériques façonnent l’organisation des partis reste une zone grise pour la recherche. Afin de tenter de répondre à ce manque, cet article propose de développer un cadre commun pour cartographier la digitalisation partisane à travers différents aspects tels que la sélection en ligne des dirigeants, celle des candidats ou encore celle des organes internes. L’objectif est de mesurer les variations dans les modèles de numérisation des partis européens, en particulier concernant leurs élections internes. Nos premiers résultats montrent que la sélection des dirigeants et des candidats est relativement digitalisée, tant dans les nouveaux partis nés en ligne que dans les partis traditionnels plus anciens. En revanche, l’utilisation du vote en ligne pour sélectionner les organes internes est plus rare. Cette recherche permet ainsi de mieux comprendre les transformations les plus récentes des partis politiques et d’évaluer plus précisément l’influence des technologies numériques sur le lien démocratique.
La plateformisation comme idéal participatif : vers une démocratisation de la démocratie ?
Authors: Theviot Anaïs
Published: January 2023

Dans le contexte de discours critiques récurrents envers les partis politiques, des expérimentations se mettent en place, lors des élections présidentielles et législatives de 2017, afin de dépasser la forme partisane et de proposer d’autres alternatives à la sélection des candidats, en s’appuyant sur une plateforme. Celle-ci est en effet centrale dans nos deux cas d’étude – Ma Voix et LaPrimaire.org  – car c’est par le truchement de la technique que s’organise la refonte des institutions. L’étude de ces initiatives repose sur l’analyse du design et du contenu des plateformes, ainsi que sur des entretiens et récits de vie avec les concepteurs, militants et usagers. L’analyse met au jour des visions plurielles de la démocratie et de son renouvellement : d’un côté, une vision capacitaire fondée sur l’individu compétent et, de l’autre, une conception basée sur un collectif de profanes anonymes et l’apprentissage. L’objectif d’ouvrir la démocratie – au sens d’aller chercher des internautes-candidats peu dotés socialement – n’est pas rempli : ceux qui osent s’inscrire via la plateforme sont en grande majorité des hommes, de gauche, ayant fait des études supérieures et habitant dans de grandes villes.
Plateformes numériques et participation politique dans une démocratie inaboutie
Authors: Njutapwoui Aboubakar Sidi
Published: January 2023

La question des plateformes numériques et des nouvelles formes de participation démocratique a été l’objet de plusieurs recherches. En revanche, très peu de travaux se sont attardés au cas des partis politiques de l’opposition dans des contextes de démocratie inaboutie. C’est cette dernière dimension qu’on entend explorer ici en analysant les transformations apportées par le numérique dans les pratiques militantes au sein des partis d’opposition au Cameroun, un pays où le pouvoir en place s’illustre particulièrement par la restriction des espaces politiques. Les matériaux utilisés sont tirés des entretiens et de l’observation sur les plateformes numériques d’un candidat à l’élection présidentielle et de son équipe militante, entre 2018 et 2022. L’objectif de cet article est dès lors d’envisager les plateformes numériques comme un espace de participation politique qui permet aux partis politiques de l’opposition de créer une dynamique délibérative au-delà d’une mobilisation strictement électorale.
Les femmes, le nom, Freud
Authors: Prado de Oliveira Luiz Eduardo , Schmitt Hélène
Published: January 2023

Je pars d’une constatation et d’une surprise : dans le judaïsme c’est la mère qui transmet la qualité de juif, mais c’est le père qui donne le nom. À partir de là, je m’intéresse à l’histoire de Freud, à ses relations à ses enfants, kinder , en particulier à ses filles, et à l’obligation du petit-fils. Ce qui nous amène à la « famille symbiotique », selon ce qu’écrit Freud à Eitingon.
O julgamento de si no outro: a viagem de Victor Cousin da França a países alemães e suas implicações pedagógicas
Authors: Silva Alexandre Ribeiro e
Published: January 2023

O presente trabalho propõe-se a relatar as implicações pedagógicas da viagem de Victor Cousin da França para alguns países alemães, em 1831, a partir do relatório sobre a instrução pública por ele próprio elaborado. O objetivo foi averiguar a dimensão transnacional dessa viagem, considerando-se a dimensão comparada e analítica das reflexões desenvolvidas pelo autor acerca de um território que lhe era estrangeiro. Do ponto de vista do método, o estudo do relatório, focado em sua primeira parte, ocorreu a partir de categorias temáticas, eleitas como ferramentas operatórias oportunas para a abordagem do tema. Como resultado da investigação verificou-se que havia uma via de mão dupla no olhar de Victor Cousin sobre a realidade educacional alemã. Ao mesmo tempo em que expressava sua admiração e estranhamento com aquilo que presenciava, manifestava também sua dimensão comparada, dado que seu olhar tinha lentes francesas para observar aquela realidade estrangeira.
O património, a paisagem e os materiais de construção tradicionais no território de Almada
Authors: Silva Francisco
Published: January 2023

A localização geográfica do concelho de Almada determina um conjunto de condições naturais, geológicas e biológicas que, através da ação humana, deram origem à formação de diferentes unidades de paisagem cultural que caracterizaram o território até finais do século XIX. Tanto os materiais, recolhidos localmente e utilizados na construção, como os edifícios que consideramos elementos patrimoniais, constituíam parte integrante da paisagem. Nesse sentido, cada unidade de paisagem reflete formas diferentes de construir, de habitar e de viver, associadas a contextos socioeconómicos e culturais diferenciados. Considera-se, portanto, que o património construído remete também para a memória de uma paisagem, entretanto transformada.
As mansardas da Baixa Pombalina de Lisboa, do século XVIII ao primeiro quartel do século XX: entre a rigidez do modelo e a variabilidade dos materiais
Authors: Castro Caio A. M. Rodrigues de , Mascarenhas-Mateus João , Pires Amilcar Gil
Published: January 2023

Em Lisboa, a mansarda surge no léxico arquitetónico português no século XVIII, importada de modelos franceses. Os exemplos pioneiros de Carlos Mardel adaptam-na à realidade construtiva do país ao executá-la com os materiais disponíveis, neste caso a telha cerâmica de canudo. Contudo, a mansarda não se sedimentará na cultura arquitetónica da cidade, e o seu uso como forma de definição espacial de cobertura desapareceria, retornando somente nas décadas finais de Oitocentos. Desta vez, o modelo de mansarda ecoa os exemplares feitos durante a reforma de Paris por Georges-Eugène Haussmann, sendo mais uma vez adaptado aos novos materiais disponibilizados pela indústria da construção da época, tais como a chapa metálica, a telha Marselha, os soletos de ardósia e os azulejos. Neste artigo, é analisado o contexto do surgimento destes materiais e das técnicas construtivas a eles associadas, sendo levantadas hipóteses que visam compreender a escolha de cada um deles para a realização deste tipo de artefacto arquitetónico indispensável na caraterização da Baixa Pombalina de Lisboa.
A importância das “cores finas”: notas sobre pintores e os seus materiais de trabalho na pintura mural do Alentejo (séculos XVI-XIX)
Authors: Monteiro Patrícia Alexandra Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

No Alentejo existe um conjunto de técnicas tradicionais decorativas (esgrafito, stucco, pintura mural) que utilizaram a cal e os pigmentos locais como base, formando um património artístico bastante expressivo. De entre todas, a pintura mural foi a que mais marcou a imagem desta região, exigindo hoje, cada vez mais, um olhar interdisciplinar. Neste contexto, a documentação histórica torna-se uma ferramenta essencial. Através da sua consulta, levantamento e sistematização é possível reunir novos dados sobre os protagonistas das campanhas murais, bem como os materiais que utilizavam. Estas informações serão auxiliares importantes no momento de se traçarem intervenções de conservação e restauro ajustadas a cada caso.No presente artigo apresentaremos exemplos de campanhas de pintura mural documentadas, onde foram identificadas referências a materiais e a pintores, alguns dos quais desconhecidos. Pretendemos, assim, contribuir para a caracterização do contexto laboral dos pintores entre o final do século XVI e o início do século XIX.
Mobilité durable : réfléchir la responsabilité sociale des entreprises à partir de l’éthique des capabilités
Authors: Genest Benoit
Published: January 2023

En réaction à l'approche de l'analyse coûts-bénéfices inspirée de l’utilitarisme, des auteurs s'intéressent au rapport entre la justice sociale et les transports. Ce souci concerne l'atténuation des externalités négatives et des impacts socio-économiques des projets d'infrastructures de transport sur diverses catégories de population avec, au premier chef, les personnes à faible mobilité. Divers cadres d'analyse ont commencé à incorporer les travaux de John Rawls et, plus récemment, des deux principaux représentants de l'éthique des capabilités, Amartya Sen et Martha Nussbaum. Si ces récents travaux ont permis de réfléchir le rapport entre la mobilité et le développement humain, ils se sont toutefois concentrés sur la responsabilité des pouvoirs publics. Or, cette approche néglige le rôle de l'entreprise dans sa capacité à fournir des solutions de mobilité. Cet article propose de démontrer que les entreprises ont intérêt à s’inspirer des principes capabilistes dans leur gestion de la mobilité durable. Ces solutions peuvent viser à la fois les ressources humaines et la société dans une double perspective de responsabilité distribuée et de gouvernance institutionnelle.
Pour des villes écoresponsables : contribution potentielle des élus municipaux et enjeux de formation associés.
Authors: Guertin Marc-André
Published: January 2023

La volonté politique des décideurs est identifiée comme un facteur déterminant pour induire des changements écoresponsables dans les villes. Cet article s’intéresse aux décideurs publics que sont les élus municipaux au Québec, de manière à analyser leur contribution potentielle à la transformation des villes en des milieux de vie écoresponsables. Dans un premier temps, nous soulignons le rôle des élus en tant qu’acteurs éco-politiques au Québec, en mettant en évidence leur pouvoir d’action par rapport aux questions socio-écologiques, mais également les compétences à mobiliser et les défis de formation associés. Dans un second temps et de manière plus approfondie, les résultats d’une analyse des représentations et pratiques des formateurs d’élus municipaux permettent de jeter un regard critique sur l’offre de formation en environnement pour les élus. Ces résultats sont issus d’une recherche qualitative basée sur des observations non participantes et des entretiens semi-dirigés. On observe ainsi que les formateurs des élus municipaux intègrent peu entre elles, les dimensions écologiques et sociales des questions environnementales. L’adaptation aux changements climatiques est la principale question socio-écologique qui est abordée par la formation. Les formateurs font peu état du développement des compétences que devrait viser la formation et abordent celle-ci dans un paradigme propre à la transmission de connaissances plutôt que d’en stimuler la co-construction. Enfin, cette exploration critique des représentations des formateurs d’élus municipaux au Québec montre l’importance de poursuivre la recherche en éducation relative à l’environnement auprès des adultes qui ont la fonction d’élus, ainsi que de parfaire leur formation professionnelle, notamment en ce qui a trait au développement de compétences écocitoyennes.
Effective Use of Technology for Teaching in STEM
Authors: Sun Li
Published: January 2023

An increasing number of governmental educational programs have arranged significant investment in technology in schools for the purpose of boosting teachers' adoption of technology during teaching. However, technologies still have not been utilized effectively for science and mathematics instruction. The purpose of this study was to explore preservice teachers' perceptions of effective use of technology for teaching science and mathematics, and how situated learning impact preservice teachers' understanding of effective use of technology for teaching science and mathematics. The findings revealed preservice teachers benefited from the modeling of instructors, collaborating with peers, and the contextualized learning. Their understanding of effective use of technology in teaching science and mathematics moved from teacher-centered technology usage to student-centered approach.
The Influence of Online Mathematics Activity on Elementary School Students' Engagement and Learning in a High-Needs Contexts
Authors: Polly Drew , Howerton August
Published: January 2023

Equity in mathematics involves giving students opportunities to learn that simultaneously develops their mathematical identity, gives them access to high quality learning experiences, gives them power and agency of their learning, and increases the likelihood of their mathematics achievement (Gutiérrez, 2009). This chapter describes the findings of an exploratory study that examined fourth grade students' use of an online mathematics activity, Thinking Blocks from Math Playground, and the influence of the activity on their learner engagement and their achievement on a mathematics assessment. Findings indicated that the activity positively influenced students' engagement in mathematics and led to gains on the assessment of mathematics achievement. This study provides the beginning of evidence that online instructional activities can increase learners' engagement and their understanding of mathematics concepts.
Learning to Innovate by Innovating
Authors: Janer-Hidalgo Àngela
Published: January 2023

The objective of this work is to present an innovative escape room proposal designed and implemented in the subject of teaching innovation and initiation to educational research of the Master's Degree in Secondary Teacher Training at the Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR) in Spain with a double final: work on the skills covered in the subject and learn innovation by innovating. On the one hand, the escape room project will present the academic context and the proposal structure (narrative, content worked on, missions and rewards, ICT tools used). On the other hand, an analysis of the impact that this experience has had on the motivation and satisfaction of the students will be carried out and on their improvement in the acquisition of the skills taught in the subject. The instrument used to carry out this analysis will be a questionnaire. The results show an improvement in student motivation with the escape room application in the classroom.
Research Competence Development in Higher Education Through a Virtual Educational Escape Room
Authors: Gómez-Núñez María Isabel , Cano-Muñoz María Ángeles , Gómez-Núñez Juan Antonio
Published: January 2023

The development of research competence in teacher training is essential to improve educational quality. For this reason, it is necessary that educational processes proposed at university adapt to current demands, incorporating gamification procedures and new technologies as teaching-learning tools. The objective of this chapter was to analyze the application of an educational escape room for the development of research competence in students of the Primary Education Degree. The results of this study showed that the application of the virtual escape room allowed the development of positive attitudes towards research, as well as the strengthening of some of skills and concepts acquired. In the same way, the importance of the university professor as a guide and counselor of educational processes planned in the Primary Education Degree was highlighted. The use of the virtual escape room emerges as a mechanism for the research competence development in higher education.
Lost in the Island
Authors: Garcia-Beltran Eva
Published: January 2023

In recent years, there has been a dramatic rise of the use of escape rooms in education. It is a creative form of a gamified learning experience that proves to be effective especially in higher education and online learning environments. This research describes a breakout learning experience, framed in an online master's degree of educational innovation for professional educators. It was designed as a final review of the main theoretical concepts from the course, fostering students' self-assessment. In addition, this experience would pose an example of an active methodology activity that may serve as an inspiration for the students' own teaching practice, presenting them with a student-centered strategy that can provide an innovative dynamic in their classes.
Maruxaina
Authors: Lopez- Bermudez Beatriz , Mata Martinez Lara
Published: January 2023

Educational innovation methods are of vital importance for the competency-based learning process. This escape room has been designed for a quantitative subject in social science degrees taught at an online university. Quantitative subjects, such as statistics, present for these students certain difficulties due to their great theoretical-practical load. The design of the escape room uses a popular legend as the basis of the storytelling, structured in a video presentation and four missions. Each mission is related to a unit of the syllabus and has been developed according to continuous evaluation and as a revision element for the exam. The introduction of this resource has shown very positive results, increasing the success rate of students, with a very high net promoter index and very positive individualized comments from students.
Three Practical Examples of Educational Escape Rooms in ICT Engineering Courses
Authors: Rojas Elisa
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines three educational escape rooms applied in engineering courses in the specific area of computer networks. This analysis includes background, design decisions, implementation details, and obtained results. The objective is to provide a quick overview of ideas for teachers who want to initiate the field. Preliminary results seem promising in terms of student engagement and motivation, which is particularly relevant in online environments. The current literature indicates a trend about educational escape rooms during the last years, which will likely increase, while future research should focus on tools and resources to implement them and collaboration among professors to perform extensive evaluations in terms of learning outcomes.
Creating Online Educational Escape Rooms for Undergraduate Learners in the Natural Sciences
Authors: Prud'homme-Généreux Annie
Published: January 2023

Educational escape rooms (EERs) engage learners, develop their collaboration skills, and help them apply content knowledge. While the health professions were quick to identify how EERs could be used to support their unique learning outcomes, basic science disciplines such as biology, chemistry, and physics have been slower to do so. This chapter is a step-by-step guide to help undergraduate science educators design EERs based on the tools that researchers use in their work (for example, models, datasets, 3D objects). Because many of these tools are freely accessible online, they lend themselves to be used in online EERs. The process described in this chapter is designed to be easy to implement. The online science EERs developed using these steps will immerse learners in role play as they use the tools of scientists in authentic ways.
Unlocking Knowledge Through Escape Rooms in Online Higher Education
Authors: Aliagas Irene , Retamosa Marta
Published: January 2023

Online higher education is in demand, so much so that even face-to-face higher education is applying digital technologies to achieve greater motivation in the classroom. However, this does not mean that online education has everything won; it must continue to innovate in its methodologies to motivate students. The authors offer a proposal for the implementation of an educational escape room as a way to achieve greater motivation in the learning process through a playful experience. Although its use in educational contexts is increasingly common, until now it has not been applied in areas related to the study of consumer behavior. Thus, an explorative, innovative, and didactic escape room is provided based on consumer behavior subject. Several learning activities are employed, and guidelines for assessing and measuring learning are proposed. It is expected that this chapter will serve as a basis for those professionals interested in applying this methodology.
Escape Rooms for International Recruitment and International Business Management
Authors: Crabb Lauren Amber Holly , Yakavenka Hanna
Published: January 2023

International education has been and continues to be a significant contributor to most developed economies despite COVID-19 preventing student mobility and severely impacting the way curricula were taught. Innovations in international recruitment and curricula were essential to ensure students had a legitimate taste of university life and to engage in internationalization activities. In this chapter, the authors present an escape room based on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, which were used for both academic sessions and as part of the business management undergraduate curriculum as an internationalization at home activity. The authors provide a guide of how to develop the escape room online and present tips for best practice.
Escape Rooms in English for Specific Academic Purposes
Authors: Bannister Peter
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the theoretical underpinnings, advantages, and potential limitations of employing a game-informed educational escape room in an online learning environment. Drawing on the wealth of literature published thus far on the virtues of such active methodologies for second language learning pedagogical contexts, the author explores its viability for a transnational education context. A Sino-British transnational education partnership was chosen as the didactic setting in which the proposal is grounded with a specific focus on a preparatory ESAP pre-sessional course prior to the commencement of the cohort's final and postgraduate year at the partner institution. The details of the learning design have been provided together with a final critical discussion that aims to inspire like-minded teaching practitioners to adapt and reflect on what has been written and experiment in their own classrooms.
Image and Branding in Health Tourism
Authors: Küçükkambak Selçuk Efe Efe
Published: January 2023

In the last thirty years, there have been radical changes and innovations in individuals' lifestyles. The tourism sector has also been significantly affected by this change. The rapid growth of the Health Tourism sector, especially in the last ten years, and the expectation of an increase in the market potential for the future; attracts the attention of researchers, entrepreneurs, and managers. In today's market conditions, where competition is intensely based on brands, it has become necessary to brand destinations as touristic products. In this research, why and how health tourism destinations should focus on branding activities in tourism activities has been discussed on theoretical grounds and with examples from various regions of the world. It is expected that this study will contribute to the literature in terms of determining the research gaps for the studies to be carried out in the field of health tourism, as well as the expectation that it will provide implications in terms of practical applications for branding in health tourism in the future.
Study on the Development of Medical Tourism in India
Authors: Kumar Sunita , Ghosh Nabanita , Khanna Shivi
Published: January 2023

The chapter focused on the developmental path of medical tourism with effect from ancient days of civilization till the present technological era. The journey of the medical tourists contributed with paramountcy to the social and economic development of the medical tourism industry. Across the globe, different nations emerged as hotspots for treating various diseases due to natural climatic factors, man-made efforts for better serviceability, cost, administration, infrastructure facilities, and many more. The rapidity of the development became prominent with the ignitability of the remarkable influence of branding and invasion of the gigantic technological waves, which eased out the repeated tasks of medical practitioners; on the one hand, seamless and trustworthy information was available to the medical migrants. The impeccable rendition of the traditional herbal and ayurvedically rich therapies and contemporary automated robotic projection would poise altruism in the medical tourism industry in future.
Nutrition and Dietetics Practices in Health Tourism
Authors: Kaya Aysel Şahin
Published: January 2023

The health tourism industry is gaining a growing global attention. Nutrition is one of the external factors that ensure the growth of health tourism. Health tourism includes four main headings. These are: medical tourism, elderly tourism, disabled tourism, and thermal tourism. Tourists who want to be involved in health tourism, unlike other tourists, want to receive services specific to their personal needs, and the most important of these is the nutritional services they receive during their travel. The lack of resources examining nutrition and dietetic practices, including food and beverage services in health tourism, created the need for a detailed compilation of this subject. In this context, in this section, the standards that health tourism should have in terms of food and beverage services, suggestions to meet the individual nutritional habits of tourists benefiting from health tourism, studies on this subject in our country and in the world, and recommendations to provide a good health tourism service will be examined in depth.
Big Data Mining and Analytics With MapReduce
Authors: Leung Carson K.
Published: January 2023

Big data and machine learning are driving Industry 4.0. In the current era of big data, numerous rich data sources are generating huge volumes of a wide variety of valuable data at a high velocity. Embedded in these big data are implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information and knowledge. This calls for data science, which makes good use of big data mining and analytics, machine learning, and related techniques to mine, analyze, and learn from the data to discover hidden gems. This may maximize the citizens' wealth and/or promote all society's health. As an important big data mining and analytics task, frequent pattern mining aims to discover interesting knowledge in the forms of frequently occurring sets of merchandise items or events. To mine them in a scalable manner, several algorithms have used the MapReduce model. This encyclopedia article focuses on MapReduce-based frequent pattern mining from big data.
Defect Detection in Manufacturing via Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Şanlıtürk Enes , Tekin Ahmet Tezcan , Çebi Ferhan
Published: January 2023

In today's highly competitive global market, defects in manufacturing cause additional costs and these costs decrease the profit margin. So, defect-free products are crucial for firms. There are various studies conducted with different methodologies in different fields related to defect detection in the literature. Although one of these methodologies is machine learning (ML) algorithms, the literature review shows very few studies using these algorithms to detect physical product defects. This study aims to utilize machine learning algorithms for predicting defects in the manufacturing. Different ML algorithms are used to predict defected products. Then the performances of the algorithms are compared to find the most appropriate algorithm. The study is conducted on one of the leading manufacturing companies in Turkey, and the data is provided from the real-life problem of the company. With the proposed algorithm, it is desirable to predict defected products that may occur during the powder coating phase.
Customer Analytics Using Sentiment Analysis and Net Promoter Score
Authors: Ho Thanh , Nguyen Van-Ho
Published: January 2023

In business, customer satisfaction with a product or service is essential. It is especially effective in campaigns to analyze customer sentiment and satisfaction with the brand or measure customer service quality. Nowadays, users can efficiently perform transactions such as shopping, ordering food and drink online, and then leave feedback on the company's e-commerce websites. Businesses want to analyze customers' opinions and feelings to determine users' sentiment and views towards a specific product or service. This study proposes a customer satisfaction analysis method based on sentiment analysis and net promoter score (NPS). First, a dataset consisting of 48,471 online reviews in Vietnamese on websites in the online food ordering service sector was collected. Next, the pre-processed data is put into experimental machine learning models to evaluate and select the best model. Experimental results show that the proposed method has an accuracy of up to 90%. Finally, NPS is calculated based on customer rating. The result is visualized on dashboards with critical information dimensions.
Automatic Moderation of User-Generated Content
Authors: Annamoradnejad Issa , Habibi Jafar
Published: January 2023

In recent years, most popular websites, such as Facebook and Wikipedia, depend on user involvement and content generation for their popularity and growth. Due to the vast expanse of these systems in terms of users and posts, manual verification of new content by the administrators or official moderators is not feasible, and these systems require scalable solutions. In this research, the authors show the emerging need for automated moderation of user-generated content using the latest machine learning and data science methods. This article will present novel ideas to create a real-world recommendation system that can assist system users and moderators in identifying the existing issues of old questions, sharing new high-quality questions, reducing the time needed for performing moderation actions, and improving the overall quality of the system.
A Tier-Based Loading-Aware Charging Scheduling Algorithm for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks
Authors: Cheng Rei-Heng , Wu Tung-Kuang , Xu ChengJie , Chen Jingjing
Published: January 2023

Charging scheduling is an important issue of wireless rechargeable sensor networks. Previous research proposed to optimize the scheduling sequence by considering factors such as distance and remaining working time. However, packets are transmitted to the base station hop by hop, so that the burden on each sensor is not the same. The unbalancing nature of loading should also be taken into account when dealing with charging requests scheduling. In this paper, the authors have found, both through theoretical analysis on hypothetical model and simulation in more realistic environments, that the communication loading of sensors impacts power consumption of sensors in different tiers relative to the base station significantly. Accordingly, the proposed charging scheduling algorithm takes the loading factor into consideration so that sensors closer to the base station may be given higher priority for recharge. The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the data delivery rate and achieve higher network availability when compared to previous research.
Coping with Psychological Issues Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic Times: Perspectives of Undergraduates of Non-State Universities
Authors: Weerarathna R. S. , Dunuwila V. R. , Jayasuriya N. U. , Madhusanka A. K. P. , Ravishanka M. K. U. , Pothupitiya S. N.
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused much upheaval to people's lifestyles worldwide/globally. Even university undergraduates had to switch from conventional physical classrooms to online learning. According to several studies, various issues pertaining to online learning have intensified the stress levels of undergraduates. This study adopted a qualitative approach. Primary data were gathered through structured interviews, from which coping mechanisms used by the students were identified based on a thematic analysis performed through NVIVO. Coping mechanisms played a critical role in ensuring these undergraduates' ability to handle their psychological issues and continue their academic work. The population included non-state undergraduates in Sri Lanka in the academic year 2020 and the sample size was 30. Findings revealed online learning, high workload, and IT infrastructure issues as key challenges undergraduates face during the pandemic. Among these, two main themes were identified as individual activities and group activities regarding coping mechanisms adopted by undergraduates to alleviate stress. This study recommends/highlights the importance of undergraduates engaging in such activities that help sustain their psychological status. Similarly, the study emphasized the role of universities and higher education institutes in facilitating and promoting such activities among their student population.
British Columbia coastal anchor marks
Authors: Douglas K , Podhorodeski A
Published: January 2023

The marks left in the seabed by the commercial anchoring process can be seen as linear features in high-resolution multibeam bathymetry data. These features have been digitized to polylines for individual marks and polygons for anchor scour zones for British
Columbia's (BC) commercial anchorages. They are made available via the Federal Geospatial Platform (FGP) for use in a Geographical Information System (GIS). This feature dataset is complete for published BC commercial anchorages and the multibeam bathymetry data available in 2021. It does not
represent features produced since the collection of each multibeam bathymetry survey nor any features infilled since. The data are intended to be used for scientific research to better understand the cumulative impacts to the seabed from commercial anchoring at a 1:5000 scale or
greater.
L-carvone attenuates myocardial injury and dyslipidemia in rats with isoproterenolinduced cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Nagarajan Anitha , Doss Victor Arokia
Published: January 2023

Objective:

To explore the therapeutic efficacy of L-carvone from Mentha spicataL. leaf extracts against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats.

Methods:

Isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into rats for one month to induce cardiac hypertrophy. L-carvone (25 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally to treat cardiac hypertrophy. The cardioprotective activity of L-carvone was evaluated by electrocardiogram, histopathological analysis as well as determination of biochemical parameters and enzymatic markers.

Results:

L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. at 25 and 100 mg/kg ameliorated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as evidenced by reduced QRS interval on electrocardiogram, and decreased heart weight and heart index. In addition, both doses of L-carvone markedly lowered the levels of glucose, total protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase MB, troponin-I, N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide and triglycerides while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipase level (P<0.05). Moreover, L-carvone alleviated contraction band necrosis, and reorganized the myofibrils with normal striations and myocytes as well as normal nuclei in cardiac histoarchitecture of rats with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. leaf extract can restore abnormal cardiac function and may be further explored as a therapeutic agent against the deleterious effects of cardiac hypertrophy after further evaluation.
Molluscicidal effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae
Authors: Younis Salwa S. , Abou-El-Naga Iman F. , Radwan Khaled H.
Published: January 2023

Objective:

To assess the molluscicidal effect of the eco-friendly green synthesized neem silver nanoparticles (neem-Ag NPs) against Biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni, and their cercaricidal potential.

Methods:

Methanol extracts from neem fruits were used for green synthesis of neem-Ag NPs. The neem-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectra, dynamic laser light scattering technique, and transmission electron microscopy. The potential molluscicidal effect against adult and juvenile Biomphalaria alexandrina and the effect of the sub-lethal concentration on hatching of snail eggs and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae were evaluated.

Results:

The surface plasmon resonance of neem-Ag NPs showed a sharp absorption peak at λmax = 518 nm together with multiple peaks. The hydrodynamic diameter was (77.15±34.53) nm, the polydispersity index (0.338±0.000) and the zeta-potential −14.07 mV. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy showed that the average size of the nanoparticles was (27±2) nm. Agglomeration was evident and a light-colored capping layer could be seen coating the nanoparticles. Juvenile snails (LC50: 0.83 ppm) were more susceptible to neem-Ag NPs than adults (LC50: 1.07 ppm). In addition, neem-Ag NPs and neem at LC50 concentrations inhibited the egg-hatching of snails and showed cercaricidal activity in a time-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

Neem-Ag NPs have lethal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and their eggs, as well as Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Hence, neem-Ag NPs could be a potential agent to control schistosomiasis.
Anti-leishmanial, immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity of quercetin against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major
Authors: Oryan Ahmad , Bemani Effat , Bahrami Somayeh
Published: January 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of quercetin and its immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity against Leishmania major (L. major).

Methods:

L. major promastigotes and amastigotes were incubated with different concentrations of quercetin to estimate EC50. For in vivo study, the base of tails of mice was infected with L. major. After developing ulcers in the inoculation site, mice were treated with 50 mg/kg quercetin orally for 28 consecutive days. The wound-healing potential of quercetin was evaluated by histopathological analysis of tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin as well as Masson's trichrome. In addition, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, malondialdehyde, and adiponectin, the ferric reducing ability of plasma, as well as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured.

Results:

The EC50 values of quercetin against L. major promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were 0.27 and 0.85 μM, respectively. Histopathological analysis showed that fewer inflammatory cells, more fibroblasts, and more collagen deposition were observed in tissue sections of quercetin-treated mice. In addition, treatment with quercetin markedly increased glutathione peroxidase activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma and adiponectin levels while decreasing malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels.

Conclusions:

Quercetin shows anti-leishmanial activity, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, it may be further explored as an effective drug in treating leishmaniasis.
Gastric Teratoma in Children
Authors: Ali Md Mokarram , Raj Ram , Singh Ram Jeewan , Rashi Rashi , Kumar Amit , Sinha Amit Kumar , Kumar Bindey
Published: January 2023

Gastric teratomas are very rare tumours. They present with upper abdomen distension which can easily be confused with other common conditions with mass per abdomen in the paediatric age group. Surgical excision is curative for gastric teratomas. The diagnosis is confirmed by radiological evaluation followed by histopathological analysis of excised specimen. We are reporting two such cases of gastric teratomas who presented with complaints of upper abdomen distension. They were evaluated with radiological imaging and successfully managed by surgical excision.
Grafted Tubularised Incised Plate: A Right Option in the Management of Failed Mid-Penile and Distal Hypospadias
Authors: Nerli Rajendra B. , Chandra Shoubhik , Rai Shreyas , Dixit Neeraj S.
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly of the urogenital system. The goal of the initial repair is to correct any curvature, ensuring that the penis is straight, allowing for successful intercourse, to create a functional neourethra to direct the urinary stream in a forward direction and to produce a cosmetically normal-appearing penis with a slit-like meatus at the tip of the glans. Failures and complications do occur. Failed hypospadias repair is often associated with penile skin loss or deficient local tissue, which leaves the penis short, scarred and hypovascular. Repair of a failed hypospadias surgery represents one of the most challenging and difficult tasks. We retrospectively evaluated our series of children who underwent reoperative grafted tubularised incised plate (G-TIP) repair for a mid-penile or distal penile hypospadias.

Materials and Methods:

With permission obtained from the university/institutional ethics committee, we retrospectively reviewed the inpatient and outpatient records of all children ≤18 years of age who underwent a reoperative G-TIP hypospadias repair.

Results:

During the study period, a total of 22 children (mean age: 6.8 years) underwent reoperative G-TIP repair. The mean number of previous repairs was 1.36. Nine (40.9%) of the children had persisting chordee. Complications were noted in five (22.7%) children.

Conclusion:

G-TIP is a good option in the management of mid-penile or distal penile failed hypospadias repairs. Although complications are noted, they are easily manageable.