bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terrific Experiences, Receptiveness, and Mediatic Representation of Migration in the Global Community
Authors: Ajibade Jegede Ebenezer
Published: October 2019

The discourse on brain drain, asymmetry, trans-territorial inequality, and of recent, issue relating to terrorists' threat, has dominated migration mediatic writings. Basically, the repulsive admittance of migrants into developed countries has been found to correlate to the xenophobic attitudes that are linked to myths and misinformation partly injected by the media and acted upon by political gladiators. However, contrary to the negative attitudinal disposition to migrants' admissibility that are rife in the developed economies, this research work establishes that the Third World nations have consistently sought for succour through push factors facilitating migration in the past and will continue to do so at higher magnitude for many decades to come if the current economic situation and the corrupt disposition of indigenous political elites remained unaltered. The chapter, thus, advocates the address of the causative factors promoting migration rather than curative expenditures often embarked upon by the United Nations Organization (UNO) and other advanced economies in arresting migratory emergencies.
Media, the Family, and Human Trafficking in Nigeria
Authors: Okpara Stellamaris Ngozi
Published: October 2019

Human trafficking is a phenomenon that has attracted global attention. In Africa, it has existed even before the slave trade between Africans and Europeans, when people were trafficked for mainly economic and cultural reasons. The prevalence of human trafficking today, especially in developing countries, and the spate of ignorance among rural dwellers make it a complex issue requiring a multi-stakeholder approach for resolution. This chapter hypothesises that the more aware families are of human trafficking and its forms of manifestation, the less the likelihood of its occurrence. It was revealed that the media had not fulfilled its social responsibility in raising awareness about human trafficking, hence the continued involvement of people in this act. Further, it was discovered that most media professionals have little or no knowledge of the dimensions of human trafficking. Based on the findings, the chapter recommends that Nigerian media need to embark on effective public sensitisation in deconstructing human trafficking and its attendant consequences in Nigerian society.
Newspaper Coverage of Internal Youth Migration in Nigeria
Authors: Mbaka Chinyere Azuka , Nwaolikpe Onyinyechi Nancy
Published: October 2019

Nigeria has witnessed the migration of her citizens from one location to another within her geographical boundaries. This is generally known as internal migration. The push and pull factors have been identified by scholars and the effects on the nation's development documented. However, the media's role in elevating internal migration discourse to public space and consciousness has not been adequately studied. A content analysis of four purposely selected national dailies, with a total of 584 systematically selected editions from 2017 and 2018, was done. In the study, 196 stories (33.6%) were found to be qualified as internal migration stories involving young Nigerians. Domestic violence and abuse (38.3%) were found to be the major cause of internal migration amongst youths. Results also show that internal migration stories were not prominently positioned or placed in the dailies. Seventy-five percent of the stories were placed as inside page stories in tiny corners of the newspapers. The print media should consistently and prominently raise the issue of internal migration and migrants to public attention and discourse so that the causes of internal migration and the attendant consequences can be addressed by all concerned.
Biomedical Nanotechnology
Authors: Çakır Hatır Pınar
Published: October 2019

This chapter aims to provide an overview of recent studies in the field of biomedical nanotechnology, which is described as the combination of biology and nanotechnology. The field includes innovations such as the improvement of biological processes at the nanoscale, the development of specific biomaterials, and the design of accurate measurement devices. Biomedical nanotechnology also serves areas like the development of intelligent drug delivery systems and controlled release systems, tissue engineering, nanorobotics (nanomachines), lab-on-a-chip, point of care, and nanobiosensor development. This chapter will mainly cover the biomedical applications of nanotechnology under the following titles: the importance of nanotechnology, the history of nanotechnology, classification of nanostructures, inorganic, polymer and composite nanostructures, fabrication of nanomaterials, applications of nanostructures, the designs of intelligent drug delivery systems and controlled release systems, bioimaging, bioseparation, nano-biomolecules, lab-on-a-chip, point of care, nanobiosensor development, tissue engineering and the future of biomedical nanotechnology.
Measuring Consciousness in the Clinic
Authors: Nagaraj Nithin
Published: October 2019

We don't doubt for a moment that we are conscious, but what is ‘Consciousness'? Understanding consciousness, its nature, and characteristics has remained a hard problem for several centuries. While philosophers, neuroscientists, physicists, psychologists, and psychiatrists grapple with this hard problem, clinicians are in need of a practical way to ‘measure' consciousness (or its surrogate). Determining whether a patient is conscious or not, and measuring the degree of consciousness, could be critical and potentially life-saving in a clinical scenario. In this chapter, we will review recent scientific approaches for modelling and measuring consciousness, and their clinical applications with an emphasis on a host of issues (theoretical, philosophical, methodological, technological, & clinical) and challenges that need to be satisfactorily and convincingly addressed going forward.
Identification of High Risk and Low Risk Preterm Neonates in NICU
Authors: Tejaswini S. , Sriraam N. , Pradeep G. C. M.
Published: October 2019

Infant cries are referred as the biological indicator where infant distress is expressed without any external stimulus. One can assess the physiological changes through cry characteristics that help in improving clinical decision. In a typical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), recognizing high-risk and low-risk admitted preterm neonates is quite challenging and complex in nature. This chapter attempts to develop pattern recognition-based approach to identify high-risk and low-risk preterm neonates in NICU. Four clinical conditions were considered: two Low Risk (LR) and two High Risk (HR), LR1- Appropriate Gestational Age (AGA), LR2- Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), HR1-Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), and HR2- Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM). An overall cry unit of 800 (n=20 per condition) was used for the proposed study. After appropriate pre-processing, Bark Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (BFCC) was estimated using three methods. Schroeder, Zwicker and Terhardt; and Transmiller; and a non-linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) Classifier were employed to discriminate low-risk and high-risk groups. From the simulation results, it was observed that sensitivity specificity and accuracy of 91.47%, 91.42%, and 92.9% respectively were obtained using the BFCC estimated for classifying high risk and low risk with SVM classification.
Classification of Skin Lesion Using (Segmentation) Shape Feature Detection
Authors: Satheesha T.Y.
Published: October 2019

Malignant melanoma has caused countless deaths in recent years. Many calculation methods have been created for automatic melanoma detection. In this chapter, based on the traditional concept of shape signature and convex hull, an improved boundary description shape signature is developed. The convex defect-based signature (CDBS) proposed in this paper scans contour irregularities and is applied to skin lesion classification in macroscopic images. Border irregularities of skin lesions are the predominant criteria for ABCD (asymmetry, border, color, and diameter) to distinguish between melanoma and nonmelanoma. The performance of the CDBS is compared with popular shape descriptors: shape signature, indentation depth function, invariant elliptic Fourier descriptor (IEFD), and rotation invariant wavelet descriptor (RIWD), where the proposed descriptor shows better results. Multilayer perceptron neural network is used as a classifier in this work. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves significant performance with mean accuracy of 90.49%.
Introduction to the Multilevel Approach to Competitiveness in the Global Tourism Industry
Authors: Teixeira Sérgio Jesus , Ferreira Joao J.
Published: October 2019

The search for understanding the multilevel approach to competitiveness in the global tourism industry has led to a separation of approaches such as the characteristics of the general and competitive environment. The globalization, the companies' transformation, the emergence of the digital company, and the evolution of the tourism and hospitality industry represent four powerful drivers of change modifying business environments worldwide (Laudon & Laudon, 2007; Salem, 2014). In a world increasingly influenced by globalization, broad markets make it difficult for companies to cope with rapid change and increasing competition using only their skills, capabilities, and resources. As such, it is crucial to establish long-term relationships with other organizations, thus entering networks to help cope with any gaps or difficulties encountered in the markets.
Critical and Inhibiting Success Factors in Interorganizational Networks
Authors: Durão Viviana , Moreira António Carrizo
Published: October 2019

This chapter, based on a single case study, has as its main objective to analyze a real example of creating an inter-organizational network and to perceive what was done for the selection and creation of the strategic partnerships and inter-organizational network and what factors or conditions can inhibit these partnerships from having long-term success and throughout its life cycle. For this, a qualitative study based on action research and semi-structured interviews was conducted. Results show although many companies settle in inter-organizational networks to gain competitive advantage, cases of failure are still quite high. In this case, upstream partnerships have not been based on long-term trust and commitment, which has jeopardized the continuity of the network, although there is an express desire to re-establish contacts. The partnership established downstream did not show the same commitment to continue the partnership with a total termination of the relationship.
Post, Ergo Sum
Authors: D'Auria Anna , Tregua Marco
Published: October 2019

Social media launched a “tongue-in-cheek” trend taking a comic approach to state that Molise— an Italian region—doesn't exist; several reactions appeared online, since this discourse may affect the attractiveness and image of a territory. Therefore, this chapter aims to analyse the online actions and counteractions to describe the role of the actors and the modalities by which they reacted. Literature showed a growing interest in the ties among destination marketing, destination image and competitiveness, and social media. A multi-level approach has been chosen in identifying the actions and reactions of actors. Due to the research context, the authors performed a netnography and identified six categories of actors. On a theoretical side, the levels of analysis – macro, meso, and micro – are mutually influencing, as actions and reactions take place at various levels. On a practical side, the awareness of actors in understanding the need to support the territory represents a suggestion for policymakers, as they should engage in actions to combat the negative image of the region.
Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Tourism E-Businesses
Authors: Correia Pedro Álvaro Pereira , Medina Irene García , Romo Zahaira Fabiola González
Published: October 2019

The emergence of social networks has revolutionized the way people communicate and share information. Consequently, it becomes important to analyze the role of these models of collaboration and innovation through social networks in the strategic vision of the responsibility of marketing and communication in tourism industries, mainly the role of Facebook in e-business actions. This chapter presents a qualitative and exploratory analysis of the individuals in the virtual context of the social media, their behaviors, reactions, and attitudes, to perceive which social factors can enhance the appearance of competitive advantages for the organizations. There was a predilection for companies with a greater international connection at the level of clients and also at the level of the operation because there was a predominance of companies related to the tourism sector of Madeira.
Middleware Approach to Enhance the Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things
Authors: Vikash  , Mishra Lalita , Varma Shirshu
Published: October 2019

Internet of things is one of the most rapidly growing research areas. Nowadays, IoT is applicable in various diverse areas because of its basic feature i.e., anything would be available to anyone at anytime. Further, IoT aims to provide service in a pervasive environment, although different problems crop up when the researchers move towards pervasiveness. Security and Privacy are the most intense problems in the field of IoT. There are various approaches available to handle these issues: Architectural security, Database security, Secure communication, and Middleware approaches. This chapter's authors concentrate on middleware approach from the security and privacy perceptive. Middleware can provide security by separating the end user from the actual complex system. Middleware also hides the actual complexity of the system from the user. So, the user will get the seamless services with no threats to security or privacy. This chapter provides a brief overview of secure middlewares and suggests the current research gaps as future directions.
Efficient Big Data-Based Storage and Processing Model in Internet of Things for Improving Accuracy Fault Detection in Industrial Processes
Authors: Rashid Mamoon , Singh Harjeet , Goyal Vishal , Ahmad Nazir , Mogla Neeraj
Published: October 2019

As the lot of data is getting generated and captured in Internet of Things (IoT)—based industrial devices which is real time and unstructured in nature. The IoT technology—based sensors are the effective solution for monitoring these industrial processes in an efficient way. However, the real—time data storage and its processing in IoT applications is still a big challenge. This chapter proposes a new big data pipeline solution for storing and processing IoT sensor data. The proposed big data processing platform uses Apache Flume for efficiently collecting and transferring large amounts of IoT data from Cloud—based server into Hadoop Distributed File System for storage of IoT—based sensor data. Apache Storm is to be used for processing this real—time data. Next, the authors propose the use of hybrid prediction model of Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) to remove sensor data outliers and provide better accuracy fault detection in IoT Industrial processes by using Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning classification technique.
Supply Chains under Security Threat
Authors: Cedillo-Campos Miguel Gastón , Bueno-Solano A. , González-Ramírez R. G. , Jiménez-Sánchez E. , Pérez-Salas G.
Published: October 2019

Contemporary prosperity depends on effective and secure supply chain networks that support economic competitiveness. Disruptions in global supply chains would have critical consequences on economies. The lack of technical studies and quantitative data concerning security that affects supply chain operations in Latin America, motivated to develop an exploratory study. Considering the complexity of the question studied, this paper details a set of case studies that explore, from a qualitative research approach, to what extent fulfilling security international standards now necessary to access mature markets such as the U.S and Canada allows export companies located in emerging countries as Mexico to face effectively the different types and levels of local risk. These results should help both academics and practitioners to more readily understand, first, the key logistics components now taken into account when improving security in export-oriented supply chains is required, and second, decision-makers' perspectives regarding supply chain security standards (SCSS) available on the market. A discussion of results is exposed and finally, discussion and future research are presented.
The Myth of Sustainability in Fashion Supply Chains
Authors: Karaosman Hakan , Brun Alessandro
Published: October 2019

The global fashion market is expected to account for €1,512 billion by 2018. Yet, the fashion industry is associated with critical environmental and social impact due to extensive material use, energy consumption, and safety issues. Therefore, in contrast to traditional supply chain management (SCM), a more sustainable SCM must be introduced by the explicit integration of environmental and social objectives. This study attempts to synthesise both existing and new elements in comprehensive frameworks. The main contribution of this chapter is the application of an assessment tool to evaluate the impact of SC operations on sustainability. Subsequently, a performance measurement model is proposed to assess to what extent the level of sustainability could affect the operational performance areas. An adequate understanding of how SC of a fashion company could be configured toward sustainability, how sustainability must be assessed, and how SSCM performance could be measured is provided through this chapter.
Methodology to Support Supply Chain Integration a Business Process Perspective
Authors: Palma Jaime
Published: October 2019

This chapter explains and describes a detailed framework based on integrating a number of different methodological strands from the literature. A literature review was conducted in three different domains - business process re-design, supply chain re-design and e-business process design-. The literature review revealed potential for integrating elements of a number of different methods and techniques found in different methodological strands into a framework for conducting Business Process Re-design (BPR) to support Supply Chain Integration (SCI).The proposed BPR methodology can be applied in any company or sector; methods and techniques incorporated are not specific to any sector.
An Overview of Tourism Supply Chains Management and Optimization Models (TSCM – OM)
Authors: Avilés-González Jonnatan F. , Avilés-Sacoto Sonia Valeria , Cárdenas-Barrón Leopoldo Eduardo
Published: October 2019

Around the world tourism industry represents economic benefits to the countries in where the tourist attractions are located. The purpose of this chapter is to search and review recent researches related to the area of tourism under supply chain management and optimization models perspectives. The main aim of this chapter is to identify and discuss how the tourism supply chain is studied when it is subject to different economic, market, and optimization strategies. Considering the period of 2005 to 2016, a systematic review was performed using research studies in the area of tourism supply chain management. The results show that game theory is used as a theoretical base in the majority of the cases, but several novel approaches are also incorporated to the analysis. This review can be used as a complement of the previous works and a valuable information source for the decision makers involved in the tourism area.
Intentional Food Contamination in the Food Supply Chain
Authors: Reynoso Ramón Navarrete , Ramos-Estrada Cecilia , Purata Omar J.
Published: October 2019

As globalization increases, supply chains are becoming increasingly complex and vulnerable, making the management of their security an important part of corporate management. The need to adopt control and prevention measures that allow for guaranteeing security in international commercial operations is essential to prevent becoming a target of these threats. Some of these threats are terrorism, piracy and theft. Within the food industry, food terrorism has gained relevance due to the extreme consequences it may have on both public health and the market. Food terrorism refers to the intentional contamination of food in any link of the supply chain, which covers everything from production to consumption. This chapter deals with the problems of food terrorism and makes a proposal that allows to establish a management system to prevent intentional food contamination in the supply chain through managing risks and improving security in the supply chain on this aspect.
Multi-Objective Optimization for Green Dual-Channel Supply Chain Network Design Considering Transportation Mode Selection
Authors: Zhang Hong , Yang Kuan
Published: October 2019

A well-designed supply chain network should not only meet the efficient cost but also realize the sustainable effect on environment. The purpose of this article is to develop a multi-objective model to capture the trade-off between total cost and environmental performance in the green dual-channel supply chain network. Moreover, the transportation mode has been considered as a decision variable. With regard to the complexity of such network, a new swarm intelligence algorithm known as a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm has been employed to tackle this problem. The effectiveness of the present model and approach is evaluated by a numerical experiment, and the results show that the added environmental performance is actually proportional with the increased cost. Additionally, the comparison between different mode decisions shows that a better trade-off between two objectives will be obtained when considering the transportation mode selection.
Supply Chain Contracting with Linear Utility Function
Authors: Wang Ningning , Gu Jibao , Gou Qinglong , Yue Jinfeng
Published: October 2019

The supply chain contracting has traditionally been based on the profit maximization assumption. Recent research has shown that some behavior factors may influence the decision making of supply chain members. The authors utilize a linear utility function to depict such behavior factors and incorporate these into the newsvendor model. The linear utility function provides sufficient flexibility to better capture people's various behavior factors. By supposing the agents are concerned with behavior factors, the authors first investigate how the factors affect the supply chain under wholesale price contract, and find that they do not influence coordination condition, but can adjust the distribution of profits. Then they extend their study to other four common contracts with a similar method and systematically demonstrate that the behavior of agents in such a linear setting has no effect on the conditions of coordinating supply chain.
Modeling and Synthesis of Supply Chain Networks Using High-Level Petri Nets
Authors: Yasuda Gen'ichi
Published: October 2019

This chapter presents a systematic methodology for modeling and control of supply chain networks, especially focusing on formal representation and control synthesis aspects. A supply chain is represented as a discrete event dynamic system. The use of high-level Petri nets is proposed to formulate event related rules commonly seen in supply chains and analyze cause-effect relationships between events. Petri nets have been successfully introduced as an effective tool for describing control specifications and realizing the control in automated supply chain processes. The extended net representation of the productive task flows can provide more synthetic specifications for consistent management and control of supply chain systems by a top-down refinement methodology. Software implementation is described to simulate and control real supply chain processes.
Recent Developments in Green Supply Chain Management
Authors: Brown Jay R. , Bushuev Maxim A. , Kretinin Andrey A. , Guiffrida Alfred L.
Published: October 2019

In today's supply chains, green and sustainable business practices have become an integral part of long-term strategy as well as the day-to-day operations, and sourcing and logistics play fundamental roles in ensuring the success of sustainable supply chains. In this chapter, we review recent research on three classes of decision models that are used in the logistics and sourcing functions of sustainable supply chains. Specifically, we examine and summarize recent developments in sustainable decision models for supplier selection, inventory lot-sizing, and last-mile delivery. Our review of the green and sustainable features found in these three models results in a single-source consolidation of models used in sustainable sourcing and logistics. This review may prove useful to researchers who focus on sustainable supply chain management and to practitioners who seek to expand their toolkit of models for the management and control of their supply chain.
Networks Collaboration in Wine Sector SME
Authors: Lima Maria João Sousa , Carvalho Luísa Cagica
Published: October 2019

Collaboration between companies, especially for SMEs, can increase their ability to compete in new global markets. The emergence of new wine-producing countries over recent decades allows to evaluate its impact on the performance of a collaborative supply chain in countries with wine production tradition. This chapter describes the collaboration in the interface wine-grower/wine maker in a Portuguese wine region (Setúbal Peninsula). It reveal that intensification of collaboration between wine companies could increase their competitiveness in the domestic and the international markets, due the benefits it endorses. It also exposes some factors that stand out as conditioners to the operationalization of a deep collaboration, restricting it to just a few activities. The results of a case study performed suggested that the wine industry structure and the product characteristics are factors that negatively influence the intensity and the extension of collaboration. Trust is the intangible element that stands out as critical to the intensity of collaboration.
International Supply Chain Case Study
Authors: Pham Thi Song Hanh , Darabi Fariba , Wilmot Natalie Victoria
Published: October 2019

The chapter aims to explore how some successful global firms organize and manage their supply chain activities at a global level. Three interlink areas of international supply chains including global production, global sourcing, and global distribution within three separate case-studies; Samsung's global production, UK Airbus's global sourcing, and Tesco's global distribution are examined in the chapter. The overall results highlight the importance of a holistic approach to international supply chain management. Findings from Samsung's smart phone production network and Tesco's global distribution suggest that firms are able to be successful when they exploit specific opportunities wherever they are located in the world. Whilst Samsung have been successful with keeping in-house production, Airbus are doing well with outsourcing. The Airbus case highlights the importance of risk management in global supply chains. All three cases demonstrate examples of benefits and challenges posed by knowledge sharing with partners in the supply chain.
Supply-Side
Authors: Lopes Brenner , Falcão Luander , Canellas Thiago
Published: October 2019

With the evolving understanding of the role of the Supply Chain Management and its potential to add value, the integrated business planning is a key concept in any modern organization. That brings complexity to the Supply Chain Management requiring companies aiming to operate a world class process to have a strong coordination between internal functions which is only possible with a highly efficient information management framework. This chapter discusses how companies can extract competitive advantage from the use of available information on the supply side. For that is applied the Side Supply Methodology focused on mapping high-capacity suppliers. The chapter also includes a case study of the Consulting Engineering Services sector, with 628 businesses in 27 Brazilian states.
Using a Supply Chain Improvement System (SCIS) to Increase Supply Chain Efficiency
Authors: Winkler Herwig , Kuss Clemens
Published: October 2019

Because of the reduced vertical range of manufacturing in recent decades, the complexity of supply chain relationships has increased dramatically. To address this complexity, and with the current pressure of competition in today's business environment, improving process efficiency has become an objective for companies and supply chains. Currently, there are no concepts available that enable evaluating and improving efficiency along entire supply chains. Based on this deficit, the authors developed the Supply Chain Improvement System (SCIS). This chapter will present the theoretical concept of the SCIS and provide the reader with two case studies that consider how to apply it in entrepreneurial practice. Beginning with offering some background information, current deficits in evaluating the efficiency of supply chains will be noted. Proceeding with the principles, the chapter will give a deeper insight into the structure of the concept.
Evaluating the Risks Associated with Supply Chain Agility of an Enterprise
Authors: Ganguly Anirban , Chatterjee Debdeep , Rao Harish V.
Published: October 2019

In the present day, business environment marked by intense competition and uncertainties, the ability of an organization and its supply chain to respond quickly to an unforeseen change in the business environment forms the key to its sustenance in the market. Since an agile supply chain comprises of a plethora of components, it is imperative that there should be a set of uncertainties associated with its functioning. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a set of critical risks associated with the agility of an organization's supply chain. Identification and prioritization of the risks to assess their relative criticality form the backbone of the research process. This research is expected to aid the decision-makers develop robust risk management strategies as related to their organizational supply chain agility, thereby ensuring their growth and sustainability in the market.
A Social-Exchange Perspective on Supply Chain Innovation
Authors: Mandal Santanu
Published: October 2019

Supply chain innovation has become all the more important in today's competitive world. Supply chain innovation is the development of newer technologies and procedures along with implementation of new ideas of products and services through necessary supply chain activities. As supply chains are network of inter-connected firms; hence the importance of relational and social exchange attributes like trust, commitment, reciprocity and power are paramount in developing supply chain capabilities. The current investigation adopts a social exchange perspective and investigates the importance of trust, commitment, reciprocity and power on integration of logistics capabilities and their subsequent role in developing supply chain innovation. As supply chain innovation aims to provide better performance implications for the focal firm; the impact of supply chain innovation on firm performance was also explored using a service perspective. Data collected through a web-based survey from 173 logistics and supply chain professionals largely support the proposed relationships.
The Influence of Supply Chain Sustainability Practices on Suppliers
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Wood Lincoln C.
Published: October 2019

Literature shows that focal firms (downstream in supply chain, the customers) which initiate supply chain sustainability (SCSIs) can increase their financial performance; however, the impact of SCSIs on the suppliers (upstream in supply chain, supplying firms) is unclear. This chapter analyzes the costs and benefits from the perspective of suppliers in SCSIs by focal companies. Furthermore, impact of suppliers-specific characteristics (firm size, resources dependence setting and self-sustainability) on SCSIs are investigated. According to the findings, we propose a performance implication-based conceptual model of SCSIs from the perspective of suppliers. We conclude that costs of SCSIs happen immediately to suppliers in implementation, but the benefits are expected in long run. These suppliers-specific characteristics are the decisive factors if suppliers can survive over short-run costs and reach the long-run benefits. This chapter extends the understanding of SCSIs from focal companies to suppliers while providing managerial support on collaboration between supply chain actors.
The Dynamics of Electronic Supply Chains and Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
Authors: Essila Jean C.
Published: October 2019

Businesses around the world experience many challenges to acquire raw materials, parts, subassemblies, and the other necessary inputs to their production systems. As businesses are all moving into the e-commerce platform to gain market shares, they realize that electronic supply chain management (e-SCM) powered by enterprise resource planning systems (ERPs) are the new norms and no business organization can operate without both in the new world of e-commerce. Little attention has been devoted to e-SCM dynamic with ERP and the challenges they pose to organizations. In the e-commerce environment, e-SCM is among the most important factors to organizational success. Effective e-SCM can enhance competitiveness and increase market share leading a higher profitability. Nevertheless, the new e-SCM professionals and other actors must understand the factors that undergird e-SCM performance, their drivers, and the necessity of fully functional ERPs for an effective e-SCM.
Building Ambidextrous Supply Chains in SMEs
Authors: Faisal Mohd. Nishat , Talib Faisal
Published: October 2019

Ambidexterity involves developing competencies to excel simultaneously on the exploration and exploitation dimensions. Few studies in literature discuss ambidexterity in a supply chain context. The research presented in this paper highlights issues that act as barriers and deserve attention in implementing ambidextrous supply chain strategy in SMEs. To develop a relationship structure existing among these variables, Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) technique is used. Further, variables' impact and dependency is calculated using Impact Matrix Cross-Reference Multiplication Applied to a Classification (MICMAC) approach. ISM algorithm proves to be a better tool as compared to a large-scale generic questionnaire based study due to its iterative nature that helps to bring forth issues that are difficult to identify otherwise. SMEs in India under tremendous pressure to excel on exploration and exploitation dimensions would be the major beneficiaries of this study. The hierarchy based structure and the classification of factors based on their impact and dependence, will enhance the understanding of SMEs mangers/owners to improve supply chain performance by eliminating barriers and thereby implementing ambidextrous strategy across the supply chain.
Beyond the Horizon of Supply Chain Security Performance Measurement
Authors: Vitteková Martina , Vittek Peter , Stejskal Ondřej , Stojić Slobodan , Pezl Tomáš
Published: October 2019

This chapter introduces a methodology on how to define a complex Security Index (SI) that brings the ability to measure the strength and the efficiency of the business entity´s security system. It describes how to provide an approach to the security performance measurement. In order to get SI it is necessary to develop a systematization of Security Index Determination Model (SIDM). SI describes Supply Chain Security Management (SCSM) performance. SCSM implements, facilitates and maintains Security barriers, which are formed by a confluence of properly chosen and efficiently implemented security measures. The presented methodology is based on the General Model developed by Gutiérrez and Hintsa that was expanded according to research needs. The expansion was based on adding the specified barriers for each of the Sub-categories stated in the previously mentioned General Model. For this purpose different security initiatives such as AEO, C-TPAT and TAPA were analysed. SIDM is based on Objectivized Methodology for Technical Systems Conditions Assessment developed by Lansky.
Integrated Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Saththasivam Geevaneswary , Fernando Yudi
Published: October 2019

In today's sustainable world the thinking should be what is the life cycle costs, resources or supply chain process. The rapid industrialization had caused negative impact on the environment because of the increase in the pollution, waste, and rapid consumption of natural resources. This chapter is reviews the previous literature on current practices and future direction of Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM), thus, it can increase practitioner's understanding of the importance and value of sustainable supply chain practices. A wide literature review is conducted to identify the relative important factors constitute of Sustainable Supply Chain Integration framework. Content analysis is introduced and applied for reviewing literature reviews of supply chain management, published in English-speaking peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2014. A descriptive evaluation of the literature body is followed by a content analysis on the basis of a specific pattern of analytic categories derived from a typical research process. With best understanding the concept of SSCM and gap identification from literature review, this chapter can contribute to extended model of SSCM and enhance firm competitiveness. This understanding is vital due to the increase of economic importance of sustainable supply chains in addition to their role in enhancing competitive power of companies in international markets.
Retail Supply Chain Management Trends
Authors: Smriti Kumari
Published: October 2019

Improving the organization's performance and securing competitive advantage over others greatly depends on the supply chain management as it is seen that the competition is no longer between the organizations, rather they are amongst supply chains. This study is based on collecting the information and data about the supply chain management from 60 retail organizations. This study will show the aspects of supply chain management in the retail domain highlighting the challenges, capabilities and the priorities for the next 2-3 years. As retailers choose to concentrate either on product leadership private-label or high touch customer intimacy or on cost leadership strategies, their supply chain priorities and investment decisions are tailored to the specific requirements. While retail is extremely diverse, but retailers across the globe share many priorities — balance the availability of the inventory; control the costs and customer service in order to maintain the retail strategy. Our effort has been to explore how retailers are managing these priorities and getting ready for future.
A Proposal of Improvement for Transmission Channels in Cloud Environments Using the CBEDE Methodology
Authors: França Reinaldo Padilha , Iano Yuzo , Monteiro Ana Carolina Borges , Arthur Rangel
Published: October 2019

Sharing, transmitting, and storing data has been one of the great needs of today. In the last years, concepts and developed methodologies of cloud computing systems have been improved. This concept created in the 1960s today is present in daily life from ordinary users to even large companies. The present study aims to develop a method of data transmission based on discrete event concepts. This methodology was named CBEDE (by the acronym). The experiments were matched in the MATLAB software simulation environment, where the memory consumption of the proposed methodology was evaluated. Therefore, the CBEDE methodology presents great potential to intermediate users and computer systems, ensuring speed, low memory consumption, and reliability. Being the differential of this research, the use of discrete events applied in the physical layer of a transmission medium, the bit itself, being this to low-level of abstraction, the results show better computational performance related to memory utilization related to the compression of the information, showing an improvement reaching up to 69.93%
IoT in Healthcare
Authors: Tharini V. Jeevika , Vijayarani S.
Published: October 2019

One of the best-known features of IoT is automation. Because of this, IoT is a much-needed field for many applications, namely emergency and healthcare domains. IoT has made many revolutionary changes in the healthcare industry. IoT paves the way to numerous advancements for healthcare. The possibilities of IoT have reached their peak in the commercial industry and health sector. In recent years, serious concerns have been raised over the control and access of one's individual information. Privacy and security of the IoT devices can be compromised by intruders. Apart from the numerous benefits of IoTs, there are several security and privacy concerns to consider. A brief overview of different kinds of security attacks, solution for the attacks, privacy and security issues are discussed in this chapter.
Architecting IoT based Healthcare Systems Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Karthick G. S. , Pankajavalli P. B.
Published: October 2019

The rapid innovations in technologies endorsed the emergence of sensory equipment's connection to the Internet for acquiring data from the environment. The increased number of devices generates the enormous amount of sensor data from diversified applications of Internet of things (IoT). The generation of data may be a fast or real-time data stream which depends on the nature of applications. Applying analytics and intelligent processing over the data streams discovers the useful information and predicts the insights. Decision-making is a prominent process which makes the IoT paradigm qualified. This chapter provides an overview of architecting IoT-based healthcare systems with different machine learning algorithms. This chapter elaborates the smart data characteristics and design considerations for efficient adoption of machine learning algorithms into IoT applications. In addition, various existing and hybrid classification algorithms are applied to sensory data for identifying falls from other daily activities.
Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Sridhar M. , Priya N. , Muniyappan A.
Published: October 2019

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are valuable solutions for healthcare lifestyle monitoring applications which allow the continuous screening of health data and constant access to patients despite their current locality or activity, with a fraction of the cost of regular face-to-face examination. In such environments, entities are equipped with intelligence-embedded devices to collect data for providing pervasive information. WBANs can serve as passing reference for huge audience instance systems for architects, practitioners, developers, medical engineers, etc. In particular for the medical field, devices fixed inside the human body measure and transfer real-time data to the caregiver through the communication network. Many technologies have showed their efficiency in secondary WBANs application such as biofeedback, remote sensing, and QoS requirement. This chapter highlights the major applications, design, and security of WBAN.
IoT-Based Health Services Framework for Endless Ailment Administration at Remote Areas
Authors: Rajaseskaran Rajkumar , Bhasin Mridual , Govinda K. , Masih Jolly , Sruthi M.
Published: October 2019

The objective is to build an IoT-based patient monitoring smart device. The device would monitor real-time data of patients and send it to the Cloud. It has become imperative to attend to minute internal changes in the body that affect overall health. The system would remotely take care of an individual's changes in health and notify the relatives or doctors of any abnormal changes. Cloud storages provide easy availability and monitoring of real-time data. The system uses microcontroller Arduino Nano and sensors – GY80, Heartbeat sensor, Flex sensor, and Galvanic Skin (GSR) sensor with a Wi-Fi Module.
Sensing Platforms for Prototyping and Experimenting Wearable Continuous Health Monitoring Systems
Authors: Boulemtafes Amine , Badache Nadjib
Published: October 2019

Continuous monitoring generally imposes a set of constraints including form factor, energy consumption, and mobility support in order to enable anywhere and anytime monitoring. Sensors, within this context, play an important role as the first building block of such systems and the main entry point for the monitoring process. Therefore, to experiment continuous health-monitoring systems in real-like conditions, sensing platforms need to meet a number of related requirements and constraints, especially for mobility factor. This chapter aims to present an overview of popular sensing platforms meeting appropriate constraints, allowing experimenters and researchers to start prototyping and experimentation projects for continuous health monitoring. For that, a number of requirements and constraints for continuous monitoring prototyping are firstly identified, then sensing platforms are classified into three proposed and compared categories, namely, ready-to-use, ready-to-compose kits, and do-it-yourself platforms. On that basis, a set of interesting platforms are reviewed and compared under each category.
Optimization of Processing Modes of Disinfection of Vegetable Storehouses With the Use of Ozone
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Ukhanova Victoria , Ershova Irina Georgievna , Koshoeva Bibigul
Published: October 2019

The ozonation of fruits and vegetables may increase their storage life nearly twice as long. The chapter presents the results of research completed on the ozone treatment of vegetable storehouses with the use of ozone generators, with barrier and corona types of discharge, and reveals factors affecting disinfection process. The results show that ozone concentration depends on the dynamic balance of the two basic processes – the ozone-air mixture supply and ozone decomposition. Formulas for calculating ozone generator capacity in the recirculation mode have been derived. The automated system for controlling the disinfection process in a vegetable storehouse is described. The experimental test has shown that the ozone effect is long-term and the efficiency of the sterilization of surface microflora contaminants is 100%.
Modern Methods of Optimization in Models of Hydrothermal Coordination and Emission of Contaminating Particles in Power-Generating Plants
Authors: Lechuga Gilberto Pérez , Fiore Ugo , Sánchez Francisco Martínez
Published: October 2019

The problem of hydrothermal coordination is a classic example of nonlinear and large-scale dynamic mathematical optimization that involves the problem of the economic dispatch plus other constraints associated with the coordination of a pair of systems integrated into a network (i.e., the production of energy from thermoelectric and hydroelectric plants). A large number of methods and models that represent this problem, from classical methods of optimization to modern methods based on metaheuristics, exist. In this chapter, the classic structure of the problem is analyzed and new constraints are proposed, including those based on the level of customer service. Some recent modern formulations of the model are shown, and the existing literature is reviewed showing the modern methods of optimization based on heuristics. The authors illustrate it by optimizing an instance consisting of three thermo plants and three hydro plants through random search and genetic algorithm.