bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobilidade e rendimento escolar dos estudantes de ensino médio em Natal (RN, Brasil)
Authors: Lima William de Mendonça , Freire Flavio Henrique Miranda de Araujo , Ojima Ricardo
Published: February 2018

Resumo Pouco explorado pela literatura, os deslocamentos diários casa-escola refletem uma incoerência espacial entre a distribuição da população em idade escolar e os estabelecimentos de ensino de educação básica (nível médio) em Natal, RN. Neste trabalho exploraremos o perfil dos comutadores (estudantes) a partir de um recorte político-administrativo intramunicipal. Dessa forma foi possível captar os fluxos diários de estudantes entre os bairros do município de Natal. Para isso, utilizamos o conceito de espaço de vida como embasamento teórico e o banco de dados do Censo Escolar 2012. Assim, relacionando as informações referentes à localidade de residência e de estudos dos alunos, verificou-se a relação entre o deslocamento para estudo e o desempenho escolar medido através do indicador de distorção idade-série em um modelo de regressão logística. Entre os resultados encontrados identificou-se que a chance de um aluno ter um bom rendimento escolar não está relacionada com a proximidade de sua residência da escola. Nesse sentido, a dinâmica da população em termos de distribuição escolar e de alunos pode representar aspectos importantes para a gestão urbana e a oferta de serviços educacionais, sobretudo em um contexto no qual as tendências demográficas apontam para uma redução expressiva da população em idade escolar nos próximos anos.
In vitro infectivity of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus to different insect cell lines
Authors: Sihler William , Souza Marlinda Lobo de , Valicente Fernando Hercos , Falcão Rosana , Sanches Marcio Martinello
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of an in vitro host range to Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV), a pathogenic virus to the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), for the further development of a biopesticide based on cell culture systems. The cell lines from Bombyx mori (BM-5), Lymantria dispar (IPLB-LD-625Y), Trichoplusia ni (BTI-Tn-5B1-4), Anticarsia gemmatalis (UFL-AG-286), and S. frugiperda (IPLB-SF-21AE and Sf9) were tested for their susceptibility to a highly-virulent Brazilian isolate of SfMNPV. The cytopathic effects induced by the virus, the production of viral particles, and the synthesis of viral polypeptides were examined and compared. Both S. frugiperda cell lines showed hypertrophy of cell nuclei and production of many polyhedra. The SDS-Page of radiolabed proteins showed that the cell protein synthesis was shutoff, while an intense band of about 30 kDa, recognized as polyhedrin, was synthesized. The other cell lines did not show polyhedra production, although some of them underwent morphological changes and protein synthesis shutdown in response to virus infection. The SF-21 and Sf9 cell lines are recommended for further in vitro production of SfMNPV.
Soybean-corn succession according to seeding date
Authors: Garcia Rodrigo Arroyo , Ceccon Gessí , Sutier Guilherme Afonso da Silva , Santos Anna Luiza Farias dos
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the grain yield of soybean and corn cultivars cropped in succession, in different sowing dates. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, during three growing seasons, in the sowing dates: 9/15, 10/1, 10/15, and 11/1 for soybean; and 2/1, 2/15, 3/1, and 3/15 for corn. Although soybean yields are strongly affected by the crop season, sowing between late September and early October results in higher long-term yields. Planting corn in succession in mid-February provides the highest grain yield in the southern region of the state Mato Grosso do Sul; therefore, there is no need for an early soybean sowing in September, in order to ensure corn planting in January. Soybean-corn succession in which soybean is sown in early October and corn in mid-February results in higher total grain yields and reduces the climatic risk associated with these crops in the region.
Silicon and agar on in vitro development of cockscomb (Amaranthaceae)
Authors: Assis Franscinely Aparecida de , Souza Genaina Aparecida de , Dias Gabrielen de Maria Gomes , Assis Gleice Aparecida de , Rodrigues Filipe Almendagna , Pasqual Moacir , Costa Bárbara Nogueira Souza , Carvalho Fabio Janoni
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of silicon and agar concentrations on cockscomb (Celosia cristata) (Amaranthaceae) development in vitro. Phytotechnical, anatomical, and ultrastructural analyses were carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 4x3 factorial arrangment, with four silicic acid concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g L-1) and three agar concentrations (5.5, 8.0, and 10.5 g L-1), totaling 12 treatments with seven replicates. Celosia cristata explants were inoculated in vitro in a Murashige & Skoog (MS) culture medium, with 30 g L-1 sucrose. The analyses were conducted 30 days after inoculation. Phytotechnical traits improve with agar concentration of 8.0 g L-1, and the association of this concentration with 1.0 g L-1 silicon also contributes to the improvement of anatomical attributes, especially of leaf blade width and thickness of the palisade and spongy parenchyma, which contributes to the development of C. cristata. None of the evaluated combinations of agar and silicon contributes to Si deposition on the foliar epidermis of this ornamental species.
Modis time series for irrigated-area mapping in hydrographic basins of the Brazilian Northeastern region
Authors: Ide Andre Keiiti , Baptista Gustavo Macedo de Mello
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the applicability of time series of the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (Modis), in the mapping of irrigated areas in the Northeastern region of Brazil. Annual time series from 2006 to 2015 were classified with the iterative self-organizing data analysis technique (Isodata) algorithm, generating a binary map of irrigated and nonirrigated areas for each year. In the Sertão region, the classification showed an average kappa coefficient of 0.66, underestimating the irrigated area by 7.6%, compared with data of the 2006 agricultural census. In regions more humid than the Sertão, such as Agreste and Zona da Mata Nordestina, the methodology showed limitations to distinguish irrigated areas from natural vegetation, presenting average kappa coefficients of 0.26 and 0.00, respectively. The EVI time series from Modis are applicable for the mapping of irrigated areas in the Sertão of the Northeastern region of Brazil.
Heat shock proteins on beef quality
Authors: Moncau Cristina Tschorny , Rosa Alessandra Fernandes , Eler Joanir Pereira , Balieiro Júlio César de Carvalho
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to quantify heat shock proteins (HSP) 27 and 70 in the Longissimus dorsi muscle of cattle during aging and to check their potential as biomarkers for meat quality. A total of 191 steers ½ South African Simmental x ½ Nellore (16-18 months, 391.7±99.7 kg), castrated, and feedlot finished were used. Meat quality was measured by pH, color, cooking loss, and shear force (SF) at 1 and 14 days of aging time. HSP27 and HSP70 were quantified according to the SF values in the more and less tender meat groups, with 20 samples each, for each aging time. HSP27 concentrations in more and less tender meat decrease from 1 to 14 days of aging, and do not differ when evaluated at the same period. HSP70 concentrations in more tender meat increase during aging, and, in less tender meat, there is no difference between periods or at the same period. The correlations between the HSP27 and HSP70 concentrations and meat quality characteristics are low for South African Simmental x Nellore, which indicate the low potential of HSP as biomarkers for these traits, especially for meat tenderness.
Rapid non-invasive assessment of quality parameters in ground soybean using near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Santos Larissa Rocha dos , Zangirolami Marcela de Souza , Silva Núbia Oliveira , Valderrama Patrícia , Março Paulo Henrique
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate multivariate calibration models to predict total lipids, crude protein, and moisture content in grinded soybean grains using near-infrared spectroscopy and partial least squares (PLS). Three hundred samples of grinded soybean, evaluated in duplicate, were used for reference and spectral measurements. The PLS models for total lipids, crude protein, and moisture were validated by figures of merit for accuracy and precision, respectively, of 0.75 and 0.67 for total lipids, 0.51 and 0.46 for crude protein, and 0.97 and 0.99 for moisture. The PLS models developed for total lipids, crude protein, and moisture can be used as an alternative methodology for the determination of physicochemical parameters, and, therefore, they can be applied in quality control in soybean processing industries.
Oral progesterone supplementation for beef cattle after insemination in TAI programs
Authors: Loiola Marcus Vinícius Galvão , Bittencourt Rodrigo Freitas , Rodrigues Alexandra Soares , Ferraz Priscila Assis , Lima Marcos Chalhoub Coelho , Carvalho Caio Victor Damasceno , Ribeiro Filho Antonio de Lisboa
Published: February 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with melengestrol acetate (MGA), after timed artificial insemination (TAI), on the conception rate of Nellore cows, according to cyclicity during the protocol, estrus expression between intravaginal device withdrawal and insemination, and diameter of the largest follicle at the time of insemination, in order to identify predictors of the use of MGA. Multiparous lactating cows (577) were subjected to a hormonal protocol for ovulation synchronization. On day -2 of the protocol, the animals were painted with a marker on the base of their tail. On day 0, they were evaluated for estrus expression; the preovulatory follicle diameter (POFD) was measured by ultrasonography, and the artificial insemination was performed. The animals were assigned to two experimental groups according to the supplementation or not with 0.50 mg MGA, between 13 and 18 days after TAI. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using an ultrasound examination 35 days after TAI. A positive effect of the treatment with MGA on the conception rate occurred generally in animals in anestrus, irrespective of the estrus expression. For animals treated with MGA, only those with POFD greater than 14 mm showed better conception rates that the control group.
Статусная культура во времена экономической трансформации. Потребление высокой культуры в Петербурге, 1991–2011
Authors: Илле Михаил Евгеньевич , Соколов Михаил Михайлович
Published: February 2018

Михаил Евгеньевич Илле – старший преподаватель, кафедра философии и социальных коммуникаций, Санкт-Петербургский университет гражданской авиации; издатель и редактор журнала «Телескоп»: журнал социологических и маркетинговых исследований. Адрес: 190005, Санкт-Петербург, Измайловский пр., 14, комната 508. E-mail: red_tel@mail.ru

Михаил Михайлович Соколов – кандидат социологических наук, профессор, факультет политических наук и социологии, Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге. Адрес: 191187, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Гагаринская, д. 3а. E-mail: msokolov@eu.spb.ru

Цитирование: Илле М.Е., Соколов М.М. (2018) Статусная культура во времена экономической трансформации. Потребление высокой культуры в Петербурге, 1991–2011 // Мир России. Т. 27. № 1. С. 159–182. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2018-27-1-159-182

 

Что происходит с потреблением высокой культуры в эпоху, когда уровень жизни большинства людей стремительно снижается, как это произошло в России в 90-е годы прошлого века, причем группа, которая традиционно считается ее хранителем – интеллигенция, – видится пострадавшей больше прочих? Большинство наблюдателей считают, что последствием должно было стать сокращение культурного потребления как за счет общего уменьшения покупательной способности, так и за счет драматического снижения общего престижа принадлежности к интеллигенции, особенно в глазах молодых людей. В случае с постсоветской Россией этот эффект обычно представляется усиленным одновременным появлением современных каналов получения информации и возникновением новых медиа, которые, предположительно, сделали старомодную высокую культуру непривлекательной для молодежи. Авторы использовали данные Петербургского мониторинга культурной активности за 1991–2011 гг., чтобы выяснить, так ли это на самом деле. Выводы состоят в том, что (1) уровни культурного участия изменились незначительно, причем потребление высокой культуры оказалось гораздо менее эластичным при падении доходов, чем массовой: кинотеатр потерял в несколько раз большую аудиторию, чем филармония; (2) доходы оказывали сравнительно малое влияние на интенсивность участия в культурной жизни; (3) на протяжении всего периода наиболее энергичными потребителями были сравнительно молодые люди. Также авторы интерпретируют эти данные в свете теорий автономной статусной культуры, которые по контрасту с редукционистскими теориями производности статуса (Т. Веблен, П. Бурдье и другими) предполагают, что инвестиции в культурное потребление могут продолжаться, даже если это потребление более не сигнализирует об экономических преимуществах.
Крестьянские устные повести: опыт дискурсивного чтения
Authors: Виноградский Валерий Георгиевич
Published: February 2018

Валерий Георгиевич Виноградский – доктор философских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Центр аграрных исследований Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации. Адрес: 119571, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 82, стр. 1. E-mail: vgrape47@yandex.ru

Цитирование: Виноградский В.Г. (2018) Крестьянские устные повести: опыт дискурсивного чтения // Мир России. Т. 27. № 1. С. 90–113. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2018-27-1-90-113

 

В статье содержится попытка демонстрации и дискурсивного прочтения крестьянских устных историй. Как выглядит крестьянская повседневность в ее дискурсивном измерении? В чем заключается специфичность «голосов снизу» как дискурсивных форматов? Можно ли, вслушиваясь в крестьянскую речь, полнее осознать образ и устройство деревенского мира, а также предугадать перспективы его исторической эволюции? Чему может научить исследователя систематическое наблюдение трансформации крестьянских дискурсивных практик? Статья содержит в себе опыт аналитического рассмотрения природы крестьянских дискурсивных форматов. В ней также представлен один из нарративов, записанных в ходе Первого полевого крестьяноведческого проекта Теодора Шанина (1990–1994 гг.), сопровождаемый попутными авторскими комментариями, сосредоточенными на выявлении специфики и дискурсивных свойств «голосов снизу».
A dataset of spectral and biophysical measurements over Russian wheat fields
Authors: Wit Allard de , Roerink Gerbert , Bartalev Sergey , Virchenko Oleg , Plotnikov Dmitry , Savin Igor , Kleschenko Alexander
Published: February 2018

From 2011 to 2013 the MOCCCASIN  project (MOnitoring Crops in Continental Climates through Asimillation of Satellite INformation) was carried out financed by the European Commission 7th Framework Programme. During the project, two field campaigns (2011 and 2012) were carried out at two sites (Odoyev and Plavsk) in the Tula region of Russia. During these two campaigns, observations were made at selected winter-wheat fields consisting of phenological stage, biomass samples, hemispherical photographs, spectral properties of the canopy and the soil as well as ancillary information about the field. Meteorological observations from synoptic and agrometeorological stations were collected from the stations in and surrounding the Tula region. Finally, a large trajectory throughout the whole Tula region was surveyed in order to collect fields with different crop types. Data access via doi 10.7910/DVN/CG0UQB.
Desert hedgehog is a negative regulator of CD44-CD25+ double negative T lymphocytes developmental stage in thymic differentiation
Authors: Kariuki Stephen M.
Published: February 2018

Background: The process of thymic proliferation and differentiation in mammals is indispensable. The role of hedgehog family of proteins has been extensively studied in the recent past years. Specifically, scientists have carried out substantial amount of work on Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Indian hedgehog (Ihh) and published on their roles on either T-cell development or peripheral T-cell activation. However, the role of Desert hedgehog (Dhh) the third member of the hedgehog family of proteins, in T-cell development has not been clearly understood. In this work, we aimed to investigate the role of Desert hedgehog in thymic differentiation, particularly in the double negative T cell developmental stages.Methods: Thymuses of three Dhh-/- mice, three Dhh+/- and three Dhh+/+ were obtained by killing the mice using A prepared suspension of cells was analyzed by a three-color flow Cytometry and the acquired data analyzed using flow jo, a tree star software for flow cytometry data analysis. To establish the statistical significance of the findings, data was subjected to student t-test and significance reported at critical p-value of 0.05.Results: The total number of thymic cells was found to be higher in Dhh KO mice relative to the WT control. Analysis of thymic subsets using flow cytometry showed that double negative CD4-CD8- thymocytes were found to be relatively higher in Dhh-/- mice compared to Dhh+/+ control. In particular the percentage representation of CD44-CD25+ DN3 thymocytes were significantly higher (p=0.03) in Dhh KO mice relative to the WT controls.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that Dhh signal could be a negative regulator during early thymic differentiation. The data shown here is representative of three separate experiments. To get much clearer and replicative findings, these experiments can be repeated with a much larger sample size.
Frequency and causes of mortality in patients with stroke referred to Zahedan city hospital in 2016
Authors: Khosravi Alireza , Amirifard Hamed , Karami Fatemeh
Published: February 2018

Background: Stroke is the fifth common cause of mortality worldwide. This study was conducted with the aim of Evaluation of mortality rate and its causes in patients with stroke referred to Zahedan city hospital.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that conducted on 320 patients with stroke. Data collected by a checklist and then analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS.19.Results: Of all patients, 59.7% were male and 40.3% were female. The mean age of patients was 63.18±13.85 years. 76% of the strokes were ischemic and 24% were hemorrhagic. The mortality rate in this study was 16.3% which was not correlated with age, gender and type of stroke. The most common cause of mortality was pneumonia aspiration with 36.5 % and then sepsis with 32.7%.Conclusions: In overall, this study showed that mortality rate was 16.3 % and the most common cause of mortality was pneumonia aspiration and sepsis.
Oral lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection; a symbiotic relationship or a mere co-incidence?
Authors: Anwar Malik Adeel , Iqrar Sahar , Akram Zain , Tayyab Muhammad Arslan , Afzal Nadeem
Published: February 2018

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a common idiopathic chronic inflammatory immune mediated mucocutanous disease that effects stratified squamous epithelia and appendices. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is quite common across the world. A couple of reports have suggested positive association of HCV infection and oral lichen planus (OLP) and most of the studies are usually confined to Mediterranean and south European countries. Due to high incidence and suspected alliance between these two diseases in Pakistan, the following study was conducted with the view that it may help clinicians to set guidelines for HCV testing of lichen planus patients.Methods: Approximately 11500 patients from general population coming to dental diagnostics department of Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore (from March 2015-February 2016) were screened clinically for OLP and by ELISA for HCV infection. Out of these 11500 patients 103 were selected one of them incidental and the other pre-diagnosed or both incidental and both pre-diagnosed. These patients were unaware but had either one or both OLP and HCV infection which was confirmed clinically and by ELISA respectively.Results: Majority of patients presenting for other dental complaints were unaware of these diseases process going on in them and was mostly an incidental finding by the clinician. Either one or both OLP and HCV infection were more conjoint in females comprising 77.7% of the total subjects. OLP alone was most common finding comprising 66.67% of the cases. HCV infection alone was present in 15.53% whereas 16.50% subjects showed presence of both OLP and HCV infection.Conclusions: The current study could not detect statistically significant relationship between OLP and HCV infection in Pakistani population which could be due to genetic variation or may be geographic relationship.
Evaluation of lipid profile pattern and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) having type-2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh
Authors: Anjum Mahfuza , Uddin Md. Salah , Tamanna Naima Ahmed , Al-Zobair Md. Abdullah , Mijanur Rahman A. T. M.
Published: February 2018

Background: Dyslipidemia has been noted to play an integral role in the pathogenesis and progression of micro and macrovascular complications in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as it has not been reported previously in BangladeshMethods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of pathology, Bangladesh from November 2016 to October 2017. A total number of 300 patients having diabetes in the age group of 30-60 years have been selected using a non-probability method. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels were estimated by laboratory tests.Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in at least one lipid parameter was found in 282 patients (94%), while 18 patients (6%) had no dyslipidemia. High levels of TC, TG and LDL-C were found in 134 (47.3%), 230 (76.7%) and 124 (41.3%) patients, respectively. On the other hand, low levels of HDL-C were found in 180 patients (60%). An increased risk of AIP was found in 298 patients (99.3%), whereas only 2 patients (0.7%) were in low risk. FPG was positively correlated with TC, TG, LDL-C and AIP, while negatively correlated with HDL-C. A significant positive correlation was also observed between FPG and AIP.Conclusions: The Study revealed that dyslipidemia is very common in type 2 diabetic patients and the most common abnormality observed was increased serum triglyceride levels followed by decreased serum HDL-C levels. The AIP is also significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients.
Asymptomatic cardiac manifestations in CKD
Authors: L. S. Adarsh , Reddy Sravanthi , Shetty Manjunath S.
Published: February 2018

Background: Chronic kidney disease is recognised as health concern globally with more than 40 percent of morbididty and mortality. CKD is one of the independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and its unfavourable health outcomes. The risk factors like smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes which are highly prevalent in CKD. The therapeutic interventions in CKD patients to reduce CVD events does not hold a desired effect and has bad prognosis in end stage renal disease. The initial evidence indicating a relationship between CKD and CVD is more apparent in patient with dialysis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the asymptomatic cardiac manifestations in 2-4 stages of CKD through non-invasive methods like ECG and Echocardiography.Methods: It is a cross sectional study investigated on 250 CKD patients receiving care in JSS hospital, Mysore. For the primary objective, correlational analysis were performed to evaluate the association of renalfunctional parameters like serum creatinine, urine albumin, eGFR with cardiac parameters through ECG and Echocardiographic changes.Results: ECG revealed LVH with pressure overload pattern in 36%. 25% patients had ST-T changes. Echocardiography revealed LVH and diastolic dysfunction as abnormalities. LVH has significant p value.Conclusions: CVD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of CKD who succumb to Cardio vascular deaths before reaching the end stage renal disease. Thus, focus of patient care in early CKD stages should be directed to prevention of cardiovascular complications through early ECG and Echocardiography.
Prevalence of type two diabetes mellitus in Jammu rural
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Badyal Ashima
Published: February 2018

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) represents one of the biggest challenges in our century, affecting hundreds of millions people worldwide, both in developed countries and in developing ones, as well; the main cause being an unhealthy life style: unhealthy food, lack of physical exercise, which most of the times, lead to obesity.Methods: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of DM in various age groups and gender by analyzing the hospital record based data from August 2017- December 2017 at Sub-District Hospital, Hiranagar, Kathua, J and K. Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg% and random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg% were taken as the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of DM.Results: Out of the 3600 patients screened for DM, majority were in the age group of 41-50 (37.06 %). Net prevalence was found to be 4.7% (170) of the total. Prevalence among females and males was found to be 49.41% and 50.59% respectively. The trend showed prevalence of approximately 6% in the age group of 41-50 and 51-60, but >60 years showed comparatively less prevalence i.e. <5%.Conclusions: Various studies from time to time have also discussed the most disturbing trend being the shift in age of onset of diabetes to a younger age in the recent years, which could be attributed to changing life-style, even in the rural areas, with a high percentage not knowing that they were suffering from diabetes; therefore, active screening programs are recommended in order to diagnose this condition earlier.
Comparison of postoperative recovery from desflurane and sevoflurane anaesthesia using laryngeal mask airway: a prospective randomized comparative study
Authors: V. Jadhav Supriya , Gomes Prerna , Daftary Swati
Published: February 2018

Background: Ambulatory surgeries necessitate safe anaesthesia and faster recovery. Sevoflurane and desflurane are proved as such effective inhalational anaesthetic agents. The aim of this study was to compare early postoperative recovery profile in patient undergoing elective ambulatory surgical operations and receiving anaesthesia with sevoflurane or desflurane using supreme LMA.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. G. Deshmukh Marg, Mumbai, from August 2014 to April 2015. Patients were randomized into two groups receiving desflurane (Group D- n=40) and sevoflurane (Group S- n=40) for maintenance of anaesthesia. Patients were monitored for recovery by using fast track criteria (FTC) score at different time intervals.Results: The demographic characteristics, hemodynamic parameters were comparable in both the groups and no statistical significance was seen among them (p>0.05). The mean time taken for postoperative recovery characteristics were significantly lower in in Group D than Group S (p=0.00). The FTC score was significantly higher in group D as compared to group S at all times (p<0.05) for thirty minutes. The prevalence of consuming additional analgesic was 12.5% in group D and 15% in group S (p=1.000). The additional antiemetic requirement was seen in 10% patients in both the groups (p=1.000).The incidence of coughing was seen in among 5% of Group D patients and in none among Group S (p=0.152).Conclusion: The study concludes that desflurane is superior to sevoflurane with respect to time of eye opening, response to verbal commands, orientation, ability to sit, early recovery profile and duration of stay in recovery room.
To study the correlation of mean macular thickness using optical coherence tomography with distant and near visual acuity in patients of diabetic maculopathy
Authors: Arora Sahil , Sachdeva Abhishek , Goel Tushar , Singh Komal , Aggarwal Mridu
Published: February 2018

Background: to study the correlation of mean macular thickness using optical coherence tomography with distant and near visual acuity in patients of diabetic maculopathy.Methods: A prospective, single centre study was conducted on 50 eyes of diabetic patients, with Diabetic Retinopathy with CSME in which patients macular thickness was measured on Ocular Coherence Tomography using fast macular thickness scan. The unaided and best corrected visual acuity was measured in all patients using Snellens distant vision and Jaggers near vision charts.Results: A linear correlation between the OCT measured macular thickness and both the distance visual acuity and the near visual acuity. That means that for a given level of macular thickness, we can predict visual acuity for it. In our series correlation coefficient was 0.921 for distance visual acuity and 0.899 for near visual acuity. Although the correlation value is high in our study, we did find a range of visual acuities for a given range of macular thickness. For every 100 micron change in mean macular thickness, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changed 0.3 LogMAR units, for distance as well as for near.Conclusions: Macular thickness and visual acuities (distance as well as near) are strongly correlated but there can be variations. And a wide range of visual acuities is possible for a given degree of macular edema. Macular thickness though a strong predictor of visual acuity; other factors might also play a role in determining visual acuity for a particular patient.
Association of iron deficiency states and febrile seizures in children-a case control study
Authors: Shaikh A. M. , Inamdar N. R. , Singh D. K.
Published: February 2018

Background: Iron deficiency being a potentially modifiable and treatable cause of febrile seizures.  Objectives of Study was to identify Iron Deficient States or Anemia in children with febrile seizures as evidenced by low hemoglobin, altered RBC indices and altered Iron profile, and to determine the association of Iron deficiency states or anemia with febrile seizures.Methods: This was a Case control study done between July 2013 to June 2014, on 50 indoor cases of febrile seizures in the age group of 6-60 months and 50 age and sex matched controls (fever without seizure) in department of Paediatrics, Hindu Hriday Samrat Balasaheb Thackrey Medical College (HBTMC) and Dr R.N. Cooper Hospital, Mumbai. Detailed clinical history and examination findings were noted.  Cases and control were investigated with complete blood count, RBC indices, peripheral smear, S. Ferritin, S. Iron and TIBC. SPSS software package was used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: 74% of cases and 66% of controls had low hemoglobin. MCV was low in 54% of cases and 34% of controls. RDW was raised in 46% of cases and 26% of controls. Iron deficiency anemia was prevalent among both cases and controls. Latent iron deficiency state suggested by low S. Iron and high TIBC in cases and control group was not significant in our study. However statistically significant lower Median S. Ferritin was noted in the febrile seizure group versus the controls (Cases-153.5, Control-173.0, p=0.0195) suggesting significant prevalence of prelatent iron deficiency state among cases.Conclusions: Prelatent iron deficient state in children are more prone for febrile seizures.
P16, Ki67 and P63 staining pattern in squamous metaplasia, CIN and cervical cancer
Authors: Jacob Anu Anna , Sundaram A.
Published: February 2018

Background: Persistent infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been the main cause of squamous intra epithelial neoplasia which in turn leads to cancer. The incidence is 28.0%. Early identification of dysplasia and malignancy helps early intervention.Methods: To do Immunohistochemical staining using P16ink4a, Ki 67, and P63 in cervical squamous metaplasia, CIN I, II, III and correlate the H and E features with IHC patterns. Study was carried out in SRM Medical College Hospital and Research centre, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, a descriptive study for a period of 2 years (2012 to 2014) on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues from cervix. H and E sections of uterine cervix were categorized into squamous metaplasia, CIN I, CIN II, CIN III and squamous cell carcinoma. 50 representative samples were subjected to Four-micrometer-thick sections and subjected to IHC using PathInsitu, using P16ink4a, Ki67 and P63. Statistics: Using SPSS for windows (V.17). Data expressed by number and percentage. Methods used were Chi square test, Screening test and ROC curve. Statistical significance was 0.05.Results: P63 has shown to be the best marker out of the three to distinguish the progression of a lesion towards dysplasia and malignancy in cervix. Ki 67 showed a specificity of 84.2% with a negative predictive value of 59.3%, and an ROC curve area of 69.2%. In this study, Ki67 showed lesser sensitivity than that of P63.Conclusions: P16 identifies HPV 16 infection in uterine cervix. Ki67 and P 63 are helpful in determining the nature of progression of lesion. High expression of Ki 67 indicates a neoplastic progression. P63 may be used to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. P16 with P63 showed good results in predicting the progression of a lesion.
Prevalence and pattern of PCOS in women presenting with acne, a hospital based prospective observational study
Authors: Shareef A. Raja , Prasad P. V. S. , Kaviarasan P. K.
Published: February 2018

Background: Acne is one of the most common dermatological conditions encountered in day to day practice. Many recent studies have reported a strong association between acne and underlying systemic endocrine disorders, more particularly Poly cystic ovarian syndrome. But there is scarcity of literature on the subjects in Indian population. Hence the present study was conducted with an objective of studying the association between acne and polycystic ovarian syndrome, in women presenting with adult onset acne to a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in department of dermatology, Dhananalakshmi Srinivasan medical college and hospital, Permabalur from January 2016 to August 2017. The study population included women above 18 years of age clinically diagnosed with acne vulgaris. The presence of polycystic ovarian syndrome was assessed using Rotterdam criteria.Results: The final analysis had included 100 women with acne. The most common type of lesion observed was comedone in 91% of women. The other most common lesions were papule seen in 73%, pustule in 35% of women. The proportion with grade I, Grade II and grade III acne was 58%, 29% and 13% respectively. The prevalence of PCOS was 30% (95% CI 21.89% to 39.58%). PCOS had shown no statistically significant association with age, marital status and regularity of menstrual cycle. The factors which have shown statistically significant association were higher BMI, presence of Hirsutism and higher waist circumference.Conclusions: PCOS is highly prevalent among women with acne. Presence of hirsutism, obesity are strong risk factors for PCOS.
Prevalence of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy in antenatal mothers with relation to complete hemogram and high performance liquid chromatography-a hospital based study of Eastern India
Authors: Roy Chowdhury Anadi , Talukdar Manas
Published: February 2018

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and Beta thalassemia (BT) are two most common causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia in our country affecting the reproductive age group. It is important to discriminate between these two entities to prevent treatment with iron of individuals with thalassemia trait as well as prevent homozygous transmission of B thalassemia trait (BTT). Aim of the study was to investigate causes of microcytic anemia in antenatal mothers and to find out the role of Cell Counter and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) so as to screen BTT and other hemoglobinopathies.Methods: This study was done over a period of six months (May 2017 to October 2017) in the Department of Pathology in R. G. Kar Medical College. We analyzed the blood samples of all antenatal mothers attending Department of Pathology for blood tests and a complete hemogram and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) quantitation was done.Results: Total cases evaluated were 2200 of which 442 patients were found to have microcytic hypochromic anemia (MCV<80%, MCH<27). Rest that is 1758 was normal. Of 442 cases of microcytic hypochromic anemia, 205 were found to have IDA, 115 BTT, 112 E trait, 1 case each of Hemoglobin E disease, E-Beta thalassemia and hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH). Hemoglobinopathies like S trait and Hemoglobin J (Hb J) was found in 4 and 3 cases respectively.Conclusions: In India, Microcytic hypochromic anemia is common and may be due to IDA, BTT or other hemoglobinopathies Cell counter-based parameters and formulas, along with HPLC can be an effective method of thalassemia screening in a society.
Delta bilirubin: a sensitive and predictive marker for acute rejection in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Gupta Deepa , Gupta Aditi , Raizada Arun
Published: February 2018

Background: This study was aimed to investigate the diagnostic utility of delta bilirubin for acute rejection in liver transplant recipients.Methods: The present study was conducted on 80 patients (56 men and 24 women) who were admitted for a major operation of liver transplantation at super-speciality hospital, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon. The average age of the patients was 43±19 years. Data was analyzed as mean, standard deviation; student t test by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated in percentage.Results: The result from the present study indicates that delta bilirubin had highest sensitivities of 93% whereas conjugated bilirubin has 43% while AST, ALT, GGT and ALKP had sensitivities of 61%, 81%, 80% and 31% respectively. There was a significant difference of delta bilirubin between rejection and non rejection transplant recipients.Conclusions: Our findings supported that the serial measurement of delta bilirubin would be a reliable marker for recognizing early rejection in liver transplant recipients.
Demographic characters and factors favouring emergence of diabetes mellitus type two
Authors: Mathur Medha , Mathur Navgeet , Singh Omveer , Solanki Jitendra , Soni Pradeep , Sarwa Ashutosh , Khatri Sawai , Singh Yashpal , Sharma Vinod
Published: February 2018

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It has various complications. Risk factor control is effective way of prevention. Current study was conducted to know demographic profile including risk factors related to diabetes mellitus in patients attending a tertiary health care institute of Rajasthan.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for the duration of six months. In the study 623 diabetes mellitus type 2 patients were included and subjected to evaluation of various demographic parameters and risk factors like age, sex, economic status, area of residence, obesity, hypertension (HTN), lack of exercise, smoking, dyslipidemia and positive family history.Results: Mean age of diabetic population was 62 years. Male-female, urban-rural ratios were nearly 1:1 and 3:2 respectively. Nearly 7 % patients were found to be below poverty line (BPL). On risk factor evaluation of 623 diabetic patients it was found that 598 (96%) patients had lack of exercise, 406 (65.2%) patients had age more than 60 years, 394 (63.2%) patients had dyslipidemia, 210 (33.7%) patients were smoker as per the mentioned criteria, 144 (23.1%) patients were obese, 118 (19%) patients had HTN before emergence of DM and 90 (14.4%) patients had positive family history.Conclusions: High prevalence of risk factors in Indian community is alarming. Health education, promotion of exercise, favourable life style, dietary modification, cessation of smoking, screening programmes for early detection of derange blood pressure, blood sugar, lipid profile can be effective prevention strategies.
Profile of neonatal dermatoses in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Haryana
Authors: Marwah Poonam , Marwah Ashish , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Rajesh
Published: February 2018

Background: To assess the incidence and profile of neonatal dermatoses in a tertiary care hospital of Haryana and study its association with various perinatal risk factors.Methods: All inborn neonates (<28 days of life) including those seen in the outpatient department on follow up between November 2016 to April 2017 formed the baseline population and babies with skin lesions were included in the study. A detailed perinatal history and newborn examination of the baby was done by a pediatrician and all relevant details were recorded. Data was analyzed, and inferences were drawn using tables.Results: In our study, a total of 2760 newborn (1506 (54.6%) males and 1254 (45.4%) females) were studied. The incidence of neonatal dermatoses was found to be 94.1%. There were 1849 (66.9%) term, 853 (30.9%) preterm, and 58 (2.1%) post term neonates. 1901 (68.8%) had birth weight >2.5kg while 859 (31.1%) had birth weight ≤2.5kg. 1223 (44.3%) were born to primipara while 1537 (55.6%) were born to multipara mothers. Mothers of 54 (1.9%) neonates were < 20 years of age; 1157 (41.9%) in the age group of 20-25 years; 1324 (47.9%) in the age group of 25-30 years and 225 (8.1%) in the age group >30 years. 1806 (65.4%) neonates were born by normal vaginal delivery and 954 (34.6%) neonates were born by cesarean section. In 13 (0.5%) neonates, history of consanguinity was present while it was absent in 2747 (99.5%) neonates. Most common skin lesions observed were transient skin lesions among which Mongolian spots (62.9%), epstein pearls (48.8%), erythema toxicum (41.8%), milia (40.6%) and miniature puberty (35.9%) were the most common.Conclusions: Incidence of neonatal dermatoses was found to be higher (54.6%) among males as compared to females (45.4%); among term babies; those with birth weight >2.5kg; those born to multipara mothers; those born via normal vaginal delivery and those with maternal age 25-30 years.
Study of prescription pattern of drugs used in the treatment of osteoarthritis in a tertiary care teaching hospital: an observational study
Authors: Gupta Rohini , Malhotra Apoorva , Malhotra Pavan
Published: February 2018

Background: Osteoarthritis(OA) is a major cause of chronic pain and lower extremity disability among the elderly due to its predilection for lower extremity joints such as the knee and hip. Although Paracetomol is the initial drug of choice, NSAIDS are also frequently used in the symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis. But still, there is a need for safe and effective alternative treatments which would provide both symptomatic improvement and disease modifying effects in OA. The primary objective was to study the prescribing pattern of drugs used in the treatment of osteoarthritis.Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective, observational study was conducted on newly diagnosed as well as old treated patients with osteoarthritis from orthopaedic outpatient department in a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of one hundred and eighty-eight patients were enrolled after screened for the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was recorded in a specially designed proforma which include information regarding the demographic profile of the patients and about the pattern of drugs prescribed.Results: Out of one hundred eighty-eight patients who were affected with Osteoarthritis, females (57.9%) were more commonly affected than males (42%). OA knee (77%) either unilateral or bilateral was most commonly affected, followed by hip joint, spine and other joints. NSAIDS were more frequently prescribed in 76.6% patients than paracetamol which was prescribed in only 34 % of patients and that only in combination with NSAIDS and opioids. Various other drugs were also used as adjunct therapies that included gastroprotective agents in 49% of patients, Calcium in 54% of patients, Vitamin D3 supplements in 51% of patients and symptomatic slow acting drugs for OA (SYSADOA) which included diacerin and glucosamine sulfate as combination in 11% of patients.Conclusions: Our study showed Osteoarthritis knee being most common among female patients. Paracetamol and SYSADOA being under prescribed and NSAIDS are the most frequently used drugs in OA. National drug policy is needed to rationalize the drug use and bring awareness among the prescribing doctors.
Impact of discrete source step size on the 3D dosimetry of interstitial implants with high dose rate brachytherapy
Authors: Maurya Anil Kumar , Maurya Rajesh Kumar , Maurya Surendrakumar Dayashankar , Kesarwani Radha , Singh Virendra
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBackground: High dose rate remote after loading brachytherapy machines have seen tremendous advancement both technologically and their clinical applications during the last 25 years. With the introduction of computerized remote after loading machines and computerized planning system, stepping source dosimetry system (SSDS) has become the system of choice making almost all traditional dosimetry systems obsolete. In this study we evaluated the impact of source step size on dosimetry of interstitial implant using parameters of ICRU-58 and various quality indices (QI).Material & Methods: For this study, 10 implant cases which have 3-D CT image based planning were selected. Contouring of clinical target volume and various organs were done following standard guidelines for the same. Plans were optimized to achieve the desired clinical outcome using different source step sizes of 2.5, 5 and 10 mm respectively. Cumulative DVH’s were calculated for the estimation of various ICRU-58 parameters and quality indices.Results and Conclusion: The mean values of the target volumes, minimum target doses, treated volumes, low dose volumes; high dose volumes, overdose volumes, reference volumes, coverage, external volume, relative dose homogeneity, overdose volume and COIN indices have been presented for the source step sizes of 2.5 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm respectively. Among source step sizes used in this study, most favorable clinically acceptable dose distributions & dose homogeneity occurs around step size of 5 mm as predicted by the various parameters of ICRU-58 and dose quality indices. Keywords: Brachytherapy, interstitial implant, source step-size, remote after loading, optimization, quality indices.