bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional, antioxidant, and sensory properties of innovative onion pie produced from whole wheat flour, carob beans flour, onion, scallions, and roasted Seaweeds
Authors: F. M. Ali Rehab , M. El-Anany Ayman
Published: July 2024

Snack foods have experienced substantial growth in consumption globally, appealing to various age groups and becoming a significant segment of the food industry. The current investigation aimed to assess the nutritional, antioxidant, and sensory characteristics of an unconventional pie prepared from brown wheat flour(BWF), carob bean flour (CBF), onion, scallions, and roasted seaweeds. Chemical composition, minerals content, functional properties, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidants activity (DPPH), and phenolic profile of CBF, BWF, and binary combinations were evaluated. Five pies using different formulas (CGR0, CGR1, CGR2, CGR3, CGR4, and CGR5) were developed, where CGR0 serving as the control sample with 100% BWF. The other formulations (CGR1–CGR5) are binary combinations of BWF and CBF at various ratios (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50%). The onion pie samples were assayed for proximate composition, minerals, and sensory properties. CBF is rich in dietary fibers, with a content of 12.73%, substantial ash (4.79%), and carbohydrates (74.36%). Blending BWF with CBF significantly enhances the functional properties of the mixture, as indicated by improved WAC, AOC, EA, and FC compared to BWF. The addition of CBF into BWF in produced pie recipes led to significant increases in Fat, fiber, and ash. Additionally, substituting BWF with CBF in pie samples led to substantial decreases in carbohydrate content. The highest content of micro- and macro-elements was found in CGR5 samples, whereas the lowest was found in control samples CGR0. The results found that incorporating CBF into onion pie samples at levels between 10% to 40% can positively impact the sensory acceptability of the produced pie samples.
Exploring immuno-genetic resistance in pigs to the food-borne zoonotic pathogen, Toxoplasma gondii: A serological study in Central Italy
Authors: Torricelli Martina , Fratto Anna , Costarelli Silva , Lancioni Hovirag , Torina Alessandra , Panzieri Carmen , Sebastiani Carla , Ciullo Marcella , Cruciani Deborah , Crotti Silvia , Mazzone Piera , Biagetti Massimo
Published: July 2024

Toxoplasmosis is a re-emerging food-borne zoonosis of warm-blooded animals caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite with a complex biological cycle. Until now, the genotypic approach for discovering putative resistance immuno-genetic markers has never been adopted for T. gondii infection. Thus, this study aimed, for the first time, to deepen these novel insights. In particular, pigs, reared in different farms in Central Italy, were phenotypically characterized by serological assays performed on diaphragm meat juice. Out of 179 tested animals, 98 resulted seropositive (54.74%), 57 seronegative (31.84%), and 24 doubtful (13.40%), underlining a possible re-emerging diffusion of this protozoan in the investigated areas. Contextually, an RT-PCR assay, followed by Sanger sequencing for IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine with a key role upstream of the infection, was developed. At this stage, for this interleukin, significant polymorphic variations were not detected compared to the reference sequence, except in a seropositive animal. However, the starting outcomes of this novel and preliminary study will be investigated in depth with different approaches also on other target genes, with a crucial activity in the immunity pathway towards T. gondii, to unveil the possible presence of resistance genetic mechanisms and, finally, to make pork derived food safer.
Anacyclus pyrethrum extracts: examination of bioactive compounds and therapeutic implications through in vivo, in vitro, and in silico assays
Authors: Elhouda-Mekhadmi Nour , Mlik Randa , Abid Asma , Adaika Aicha , Bentahar Assia , Ben Amour Safia , Mouane Aicha , Boussebaa Walid , Ramdani Messaoud , Ghemam Amara Djilani , Victor Atoki Ayomide , Sawicka Barbara , Ahmad Sheikh F. , M. Attia Sabry , Messaoudi Mohammed
Published: July 2024

Anacyclus pyrethrum, a native Algerian medicinal plant, demonstrates notable therapeutic efficacy. The bioactive profile of the Anacyclus pyrethrum extract was examined using HPLC-UV-VIS, which showed a high concentration of phenolic compounds (33.46 ± 0.57 mg EAG/g EP) and flavonoids (11.08 ± 0.24 mg E Qu/g EP). The Anacyclus pyrethrum extract exhibited significant antioxidant activity in iron chelation (IC50 = 0.019 ± 0.0006 mg/ml) DPPH (IC50 = 0.142± 0.001 mg/ml), ABTS+ (IC50 = 0.079 ± 0.0005 mg/ml) and OH (IC50 = 0.845 ± 0.052mg/ml) radicals. Anti-inflammatory investigations were conducted using both in vitro and in silico methods. The in vitro testing involved evaluating the denaturation of egg albumin and BSA, while the in silico tests focused on measuring the effect of caffeic acid on the COX-2 protein. The anti-inflammatory capacity of the substance was similar to that of Aspirin, with a value of 76.1 ± 1.04% compared to Aspirin’s 81.11 ± 1.6%. Our extract exhibited a fatal dose (LD50) of 45.847 ± 1.661 mg/ml and showed significant antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2.5 to 27.5 mg/ml. The findings emphasize the wide range of medicinal uses of Anacyclus pyrethrum, underscoring its significance in both traditional and modern pharmacology.
The Industrial Committee of the Medical Society of Kraków (1886–1912)
Authors: Zamachowska Monika
Published: July 2024

The Industrial Committee of the Medical Society of Kraków (1886–1907) was established to protect and support the Polish medical industry. In the absence of the official Polish state existed, the activities of the committee provided support for Polish manufacturers and health resorts. The main activity of the committee members consisted in assessing production technology and analysis of the chemical composition of food products, and additional clinical trials of medications. In the case of health resorts, evaluation extended to their infrastructure, technical solutions for spa treatments, and curative properties of the waters and climate. Positively evaluated products and spas received a particular certificate and were officially recommended by the society. As many members of the committee were scientists of world renown who belonged to the social elite, using the products they recommended became fashionable and offered a realistic advantage against foreign competition.
Banish the Bans
Authors: Barker Kim Stevens , Doepker Gina M. , Faulconer Johna Lee , Green Linda D. , Jacobs Laura , Smith Jess
Published: July 2024

As the restriction of books in schools continues to rise in the U.S., the authors of this piece argue that teacher educators have an important and powerful role to play as they empower preservice and inservice teachers to advocate for book access and choice.  Four actions for teacher educators to consider are recommended: 1) building background knowledge 2) modeling effective strategies 3) introducing pathways of advocacy 4) providing a community of support.
* It should be noted that the authors of the article used alphabetical order as authors and wish to recognize all contributions as equal.
Reading, Writing, and Rurality
Authors: Suico Terri
Published: July 2024

This review examines two recent scholarly books on teaching English language arts in rural areas. Robert Petrone and Allison Wynhoff Olsen’s Teaching English in Rural Communities: Toward a Critical Rural English Pedagogy offers strategies and research-based rationales on how to teach students to think critically about depictions of rurality in texts. Teaching Diversity in Rural Schools by Lisa Hazlett focuses on using young adult literature to teach students in rural schools about diversity. The review evaluates the texts’ contents and examines how both books contribute to educators’ understanding of rurality and the specific needs of rural schools.
YA in Rural Spaces
Authors: Suico, Editor Terri , Hazlett Lisa , Lane Patricia , Smith Ann Marie
Published: July 2024

With 19% of US students reading and learning in rural areas, adding books representative of these populations is important for all our students. The reviews and rationales that follow provide titles worthy of space in our libraries and classrooms. Lisa Hazlett explores Pumpkin by Julie Murphy; Patricia Lane provides a glimpse into Dark and Shallow Lies; and Anne Marie Smith reviews Full Flight by Ashley Schumacher.
“The Tragedy of Truth” in the Geography of Mikhail Prishvin’s Grove
Authors: Sozina Elena
Published: July 2024

This article examines the theme of the forest (“grove”) in the works and diaries of Mikhail Prishvin, which for him is inextricably linked not only to environmental problems, but also to the Russian people’s awareness of their historical path and destiny, to the understanding of the concept of “truth” and its semantic content in the minds of different people. The author compares Prishvin’s book of essays Berendey’s Grove (1935–1936), the fairytale Shiptimber Grove (1953) and the writer’s diaries, which reflect his impressions of his trip to Arkhangelsk region in 1935. On his journey to the north, Prishvin was not only carrying out the duties of the People’s Commissariat of the Timber Industry (supervising logging), but also trying to reach the precious and protected forest region – the “inviolable grove”, about which he heard many stories on his way. For Prishvin, the grove is an ideal place, untouched by the “axe of the Antichrist”. And this ideal mythological topos is all the more clearly contrasted with the terrible reality of deforestation that the writer saw and reflected on in his essays and diary. Even the virgin grove that the travellers reach near the Komi border turns out to be doomed. In Prishvin’s texts, conflicting ideas about the forest are not reconciled; he writes about poetic wood and round wood that should be felled. His last book, Shiptimber Grove, is dedicated to the Dream Grove, in which the author tries to save “his” fabulous grove. The article considers various options for the title of Prishvin’s final work, reflecting the movement of his creative consciousness. One of them is The Story of Truth or The Genuine Truth. The theme of truth, or the ‘tragedy’ of truth, is perhaps the central theme in Prishvin’s thought in later years, as well as in the works of a few of his contemporary writers; in the story, he entrusts the search for ‘truth’ to his characters. The shiptimber grove, protected by the Komi people and invaded by war, becomes a multiple image and symbol in the book, including a symbol of truth, uniting the general and the personal, the natural and the human, the past and the future.
Marriage without Love, Love outside Marriage: A Woman in the Eighteenth-century Noble Family
Authors: Pirogova Elena
Published: July 2024

This article refers to a set of documents revealing the relations within the noble family of the Ural industrialist A. F. Turchaninov and one of his daughters, Natalia Koltovskaya, in the eighteenth century. The author considers general problems of the private life of people of a privileged Russian class, namely, marital relations, possibilities, and conditions of dissolution of marriage, the position of women in the family and their rights, and the attitude to extramarital affairs in secular society. The article examines the reasons for the emergence and development of a provincial woman’s sense of independence and inner freedom, the origins of her rebellion against patriarchal family structures, for the right to decide for herself, and the extent to which such manifestations of “freedom” could be considered typical of Russia at that time, or whether they should be considered an exception to the general norm of behaviour. The story of N. A. Koltovskaya’s escape from her family, her relations with Emperor Paul I and Senator G. R. Derzhavin, shows the conformism of the supreme power, which manifested itself, on the one hand, in the awareness of the latter of the importance of its role in protecting the family and the moral foundations of the upper class, and, on the other hand, in the possibility of the upper class to take advantage of the opportunities offered by the situation and, if necessary, of circumventing the existing rules of law, of influencing government bodies (the Senate) in one’s own interests and, in general, in the interference of the supreme power in the family life of its subjects. The appendix to the article contains four documents: two “women’s” letters – one from the mother to Catherine II and the other from the daughter to Paul I, as well as letters from her lover (translated from French) and her husband.
Formation of Social Ties in P. I. Potemkin's Embassy to France (1680–1682)
Authors: Manin Daniil
Published: July 2024

Based on the extant complex of Russian and French sources, this article analyses the mechanisms of the formation of social ties of the Russian embassy in France in 1681. The embassy had both foreign policy and diplomatic significance for the representation of tsarist power and Russian culture in France: the envoys had not only to inform Louis XIV about the events in Eastern Europe, but also to get an overview of the French position on the preparation of the Perpetual Peace of Russia with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the conclusion of the Russian-French trade treaty, and to ensure the recruitment of foreign specialists. The author examines the formation of relations in the context of the new diplomatic history, paying special attention to the problems of power representation, the personalities of diplomats and the cultural side of their mission. For the first time in historiography, the article characterises the whole complex of archival documents about the embassy, the peculiarities of the formation of social ties of the embassy participants necessary for the successful implementation of the tasks of the diplomatic mission. The study is based on French court reports on ceremonies, notes of courtiers, internal correspondence of Russian and French diplomatic departments, materials of the Parisian periodical press, and reports of Russian envoys. Conclusions are drawn on the peculiarities of the strategies of the envoy P. I. Potemkin in establishing social relations, their significance for the development of Russian diplomacy, foreign policy, and cultural contacts with Western Europe, as well as on the peculiarities of the reflection of these relations in the surviving sources.
Changes in growth, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and antidiabetic potential of lamb’s lettuce Valerianella locusta grown hydroponically and on soil in response to salinity
Authors: BOUNAOUARA Farah , BEN-ABDALLAH Saoussen , FALOUTI Mohammed , BEN ELHADJ ALI Imen , RAADANI Anhar , ZORRIG Walid , KARRAY-BOURAOUIA Najoua
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to provide new insights into the effects of salinity on growth and nutritional value of lamb’s lettuce Valerianella locusta grown in two different culture systems, hydroponic and soil, and subjected to 0 and 50 mM NaCl for 3 weeks. Salinity treatment reduced shoot dry weight (DW) by 50% in both growing media, root DW by 41% only on hydroponics, relative growth rate (RGR) also decreased, and K+/Na+ ions ratio in Valerianella locusta grown both hydroponically and in soil. Salinity also lowered shoot total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), radical scavenging activity (ABTS), anti-amylase, and anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. In contrast, it promoted shoot total antioxidant activity (TAA) in both growing systems. When comparing both growing systems, soil-grown Valerianella locusta was found to have significantly higher TPC (41.6 and 28.1 mg GAE g-1 DW) and TFC (39.6 and 35.6 mg CE g-1 DW) for control and salt treated shoots, respectively. Further, it showed a better TAA and ABTS scavenging ability, as well as superior anti-α-amylase (94.3 and 39.5 mg ACE. g-1 DW) and anti-AChE (307.4 and 228.3 μg DE. g-1 DW) activities, under control and salt stress conditions respectively. Additionally, soil-grown Valerianella locusta showed better K+/Na+ ions homoeostasis compared to the hydroponically-grown. This study highlighted two main points: first, it revealed that lamb’s lettuce is a sensitive crop to be grown on saline lands, and second it underlined the distinct differences in growth aspects and nutritional quality between hydroponics and soil cultivation. Additionally, this study is the first to shed some light on the interesting medicinal quality of lamb’s lettuce as a leafy vegetable.
Morphogenetic characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infecting white stripe disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: AZMAT Saira , RIAZ Kashif , DILFEROZE Ansa , HAMEED Akhtar , FIAZ Sajid , ATTIA Kotb A. , SUKHERA Muhammad N. , ABUSHADY Asmaa M. , ALAM Muhammad W. , ALI Subhan
Published: July 2024

Rice is a major cereal crop which ensure food security to more than half of the global population. Several biotic factors impact rice grain quality and its final production. White stripe disease, caused by pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is considered among the major limiting factor for reducing rice yields and quality. Present study was performed to understand the white stripe disease, which has been frequently misdiagnosed as bacterial leaf blight (BLB) due to similar symptoms. A survey was carried out based on accessibility and farmer participation to monitor incidence and sample collection. The survey was conducted in districts Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Sheikhupura, and Hafizabad, these districts were selected for their importance for rice cultivation in Pakistan. The total sample size was around 500 leaves distributed evenly throughout each study area. The results of study indicated presence of new pathogen of rice. These isolates were biochemically identified and confirmed by gram staining negative, 3% KOH positive, 5% salt tolerance positive, oxidase test negative, catalase test positive, starch hydrolysis test negative, nitrate reductase test positive, indole test negative, lactose test positive, maltose test positive, methyl red test negative, Voges-prokauer test negative and urea hydrolysis test negative. The pathogenicity test was confirmed that pathogen and the Sialkot isolate were the most aggressive isolate among the five isolates collected form the studied areas. The molecular characterization was accomplished by PCR and sequencing. The results of the phylogenetic study indicate that this pathogen belongs to a distinct group, as it is distantly related to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). This study provides important findings into a novel clade of pathogen causing white stripe disease in rice.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of Turkish sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) varieties using ISSR markers and chloroplast trnL-F IGS region
Authors: FILIZ Ertugrul , URAS Mehmet Emin , OZTURK Nevin , GUNGOR Huseyin , OZYIGIT Ibrahim Ilker
Published: July 2024

Genetic diversity levels are critical for characterizing and utilizing germplasm collections and for making improvements related to elite germplasms. The current study investigated the genetic diversity level and phylogenetic relationships in ten Turkish sweet corn varieties (Zea mays var. saccharata) using 15 ISSR markers and trnL-F intergenic spacer regions, respectively. A total of 75 loci were identified, of which 57 (76%) were polymorphic. The highest polymorphism ratio (100%) was found using UBC811, UBC817, and UBC823 ISSR markers, while the lowest ratio (45.4%) was identified using UBC829. According to trnL-F intergenic spacer region analyses, nucleotide diversity was found as π: 0.030 for Nei and θ: 0.036 for Watterson, respectively. In trnL-F intergenic spacer regions, several polymorphic (variable) sites were identified 28 of which 57% (16/28) were parsimony informative sites and 399 sites were invariable (monomorphic). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that two major groups were observed named groups A and B and ten sweet corn genotypes clustered along with known maize genotypes in subgroup B2 with 98% bootstrap value. Consequently, the ISSR data obtained in this study revealed that Turkish sweet corn genotypes exhibit extensive genetic diversity, and the trnL-F intergenic spacer region was successfully utilized to differentiate between maize genotypes from various origins and whole plant taxa.
How does jasmonic acid improve drought tolerance? Mechanisms and future prospects
Authors: KHAN Tahir Abbas , HASSAN Hadiqa , WANG Haocheng , INZAMAMULHAQ Muhammad , ASHRAF Imran , LUO Fang , KHAN Hamad , HUANG Guoqin
Published: July 2024

Drought stress poses a significant challenge to agriculture sustainability across the globe. Drought stress negatively affects the plant growth and productivity and the intensity of this serious abiotic stress is continuously increasing which is a serious threat across the globe. Different measures are being used to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought stress. Among these measures, the application of exogenous osmolytes and growth hormones is considered an important way to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought. Recently, jasmonic acid (JA) has emerged as an excellent growth hormone to improve drought tolerance owing to its involvement in different plant physiological and biochemical processes. Jasmonic acid improves membrane stability plant water relations, nutrient uptake, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant activities that can counter the toxic effects of drought. It also contributes to signaling pathways, i.e., genes network, stress-responsive proteins, signaling intermediates, and enzymes that protect the plants from the toxic effects of drought. Further, JA also protects and maintains the integrity of plant cells by up-regulating the antioxidant defense system and increasing osmolyte accumulation. In this review, we have documented the protective role of JA under drought stress. The various mechanisms of JA in inducing drought tolerance are discussed and different research gaps are also identified. This review will help the readers to learn more about the role of JA to mitigate the toxic effects of drought and it will provide new knowledge to develop the drought tolerance in plants.
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Lao ethnic group in Central Laos
Authors: PHENGMALA Kajonesuk , SAENSOUK Surapon , SAENSOUK Piyaporn , SOULADETH Phetlasy
Published: July 2024

Results from an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Lao ethnic group between 2021 and 2023 identifying the medicinal plants use of 76 species 68 genera 43 families. The primary emphasis of the study was on the medicinal plants, we tested the differences between informant knowledge and informant age using linear regression. The most important medicinal plant species, including Blumea balsamifera, Chromolaena odorata, Smilax glabra, and Zingiber montanum (all with a Use Value of 1.00), were followed by Phyllanthus emblica (0.95) and Cucumis sativus (0.88). Remarkably, 65 plant species achieved the highest Fidelity Level with a 100% FL value. Within ailment categories, Respiratory system symptoms garnered the highest Informant Agreement Ratio value of 1.00. The Jaccard’s Similarity Index ranged from 0.0581 to 0.2690, with the highest JI observed between cultivated and market plants. The UPGMA cluster analysis indicated that wild plants exhibited lower similarity to the other areas. There were no significant differences in the number of plants known among different informants based on their age.  In this research, we found that two plant species, Solanum lasiocarpum (used for nourishing the body) and Morinda coreia (employed in treating amenorrhea), have never been reported for their medicinal use before. These findings underscore the risk of traditional knowledge erosion, driven by the absence of written documentation and the influence of modern medical practices. The data obtained from this study is of immense value in formulating conservation strategies that can benefit both the Bolikhamxay province and the nation as a whole.
Chemical management of Phakopsora pachyrhizi: Effect on incidence, severity, and yield in soybean
Authors: FELIPE-VICTORIANO Moisés , ARISPE-VAZQUEZ José L. , SANTIS-SANTIS Martha , MÉNDEZ-AGUILAR Reinaldo , ESPINOZA-AHUMADA César A. , DELGADO-LUNA Carolina , ZÁRATE-MARTÍNEZ William , PATISHTAN-PÉREZ Juan
Published: July 2024

Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) is one of the main diseases in soybean crops. In Mexico, there is limited knowledge regarding its management, therefore the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of mixtures of fungicides of the families: Carboxamides, Strobilurins, and Triazoles on incidence, severity, fungicide efficiency, and yield in soybean variety ‘Huasteca 700’. Three commercial combinations of fungicides were evaluated: Tebuconazole + Trifloxystrobin, Fluxapyroxad + Pyraclostrobin, Cyproconazole + Azoxystrobin, with surfactant (Agrega®) at 0.1%, and a control which consisted only of surfactant. The highest incidence and severity occurred in the control treatment; fungicide application formulated with Strobilurins, and Triazoles significantly reduced incidence (54 to 98%) and severity (82 to 100%) and provided a crop protection period of 35 to 54 days post-application. The incidence and severity by stratum plant were lower in the second evaluation cycle, with respect the first evaluation. Damage remained below 1.24, 0.5, and 0.03% in the low, middle, and upper stratum, respectively in treatments treated with fungicides 56 days after the first application. With two applications of chemical fungicides formulated with Strobilurins and Triazoles, in a natural infestation of Asian soybean rust, the damage and incidence were significantly reduced compared to the control treatment.
Enhancing plant resistance to biotic stresses through rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture
Authors: M. AL-KHAYRI Jameel , KHAN Tahir
Published: July 2024

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a crucial role in the enhancement of plant growth. These microorganisms inhabit plant roots and positively influence plant growth through various mechanisms. PGPR facilitate nutrient absorption, combat pathogens, and regulate plant hormone levels. Their impact is achieved through direct actions such as hormone production, enhanced iron uptake via siderophores, phosphate solubilization, and emission of volatile compounds that affect plant signaling and metabolism. In addition, PGPR interactions with rhizosphere microorganisms and the soil indirectly improve plant growth. Numerous biotic stressors affect plant PGPR. The interaction between plants and microorganisms boosts the host resistance to biotic stress. This interaction also regulates the rhizosphere soil by converting organic compounds into plant-absorbable forms, increasing molecule mobilization, and supplying amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, metabolites, and phytohormones to the host plants. In instances where plants do not secrete lipids, amino acids, carbohydrates, or terpenoids during these interactions, microorganisms contribute these compounds to plants. Investigating these mechanisms, along with changes in gene expression and receptor-mediated signaling in plants, is vital. Utilization of microbial sources as alternatives to conventional agricultural methods is a promising approach. Incorporation of these sources can enhance plant production, quality, growth, and yield.
Effects of plant-soil feedbacks on the invasion and competitiveness of Aegilops tauschii
Authors: WANG Ning , WANG Lei , CHEN Hao , TIAN Yaowu
Published: July 2024

The interaction between plants and soil is an important aspect that affects the invasive ability of foreign plants and the invasiveness of ecosystems. The study on plant soil feedback of A. tauschii can provide reference for its invasion mechanism. Firstly, the effects of A. tauschii on the nutrients and enzyme activities of invaded soil were investigated; Secondly, in conjunction with soil sterilization, pot experiments were conducted using the De Wit substitution method to investigate the impact of different degree invasive soils on the development of A. tauschii and its interaction with wheat. The results showed that the invasion of A. tauschii significantly increased soil organic matter, soluble phosphorus and soluble potassium, while also causing a significant decrease in the concentration of nitrate nitrogen. And according to the changes of morphological and biomass indicators of A. tauschii, the results of two-way ANOVAs showed that the invaded soil and its microbiota have a positive feedback effect on the growth of A. tauschii. Finally, it can be seen from the value of the competition balance index, the competition ability of A. tauschii in different invasion degree soil is greater than that of wheat whether the soil invaded by A. tauschii had undergone sterilization treatment or not. In conclusion, the invasion potential of A. tauschii is not only derived from its strong competitiveness, but also may be related to the soil conditions.
Essential oil constituents and secondary metabolites of Mentha viridis under tissue culture technique using violet visible light emitting diodes (LEDs)
Authors: EL-BANNA Heba Y. , ALASKAR Abdulaziz A. , JAKOVLJEVIĆ Dragana Z. , ABDELAAL Khaled , HAROUN Samia A. , ABU-ZIADA5 Lina M. , ABBAS Mohamed A. , GAMEL Rasha M.E.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to propagate the valuable medicinal plant Mentha viridis through in vitro culture of nodal segments measuring approximately 1-1.5 cm. Two different types of light-emitting diode (LED) systems were used to apply three different concentrations of two different cytokinins: 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and thidiazuron (TDZ) at 0, 1, or 2 mg/L. The LED systems were white as a control and violet, which is a 1:1 ratio of red and blue light. After a 30-day incubation period, the results revealed significant improvements in the survival rate and the number of shoots per explant across the various treatment groups. With MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L TDZ and illuminated by white and violet LEDs, the highest values were obtained, yielding survival rates of 93.3% and 13.3 shoots per explant, respectively. Moreover, the treatment involving 2 mg/L TDZ under violet LEDs illumination exhibited superior outcomes in terms of leaf count per explant, callus formation, and callus size. Notably, no callus formation was observed in response to BAP treatments. All treatments resulted in a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activity and the accumulation of various compounds, such as anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, phenols, flavonoids, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase, when compared to the control in a broader context, the levels of IAA, kinetin, and zeatin increased, while GA3 and ABA decreased in response to the applied treatments, as compared to the control. Additionally, ten compounds were consistently found in all treatments by GC/MS analysis of the micro-propagated Mentha, with carvone accounting for the highest proportion (43.5%) and being the predominant component. Among all treatments, nodal segments that were exposed to violet LEDs and grown on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L TDZ had the highest carvone content.
Creation of a self-guided course about oral cancer for Community Health Workers: A Teleeducation experience
Authors: Santos Bruna Peixoto Nogueira dos , Silveira Márcia Maria Fonseca da , Santos Rebeka Thiara Nascimento dos , Farias Zilda Betânia Barbosa Medeiros de , Almeida Híttalo Carlos Rodrigues de , Sobral Ana Paula Veras
Published: July 2024

Abstract Objective: To report the experience of creating and providing a self-instructional course about oral cancer, in a Telehealth platform, to Community Health Workers, and to analyze the participants’ clinic and demographic profile. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of development and implementing experience of a course carried on a virtual learning environment, based on ADDIE, an Instructional Design model. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied, with 95% confidence level for quantitative variables. Results: The initial stage consisted of constructing the online course. In the second stage, the course was provided in a virtual learning environment. The course "Abre a boca, meu povo! - O que você precisa saber sobre o câncer de boca” was provided to the target audience with a student’s guide, initial survey, four modules with video lessons, initial and final knowledge test, satisfaction evaluation and certificate. Simplicity, clarity and objectivity have been prioritised in the transmission of knowledge. The final sample comprised 205 Community Health Workers. The predominant profile consisted of professionals aged between 40 and 49 years, female, with more than 10 years of career. Conclusions: The course achieved its objectives, revealing a satisfactory number of professionals in its first edition.
Reconsidering Eugenics in Science and Religion Scholarship: A Reflection and Invitation
Authors: Slattery John P.
Published: July 2024

The field of science and religion studies is in need of a historical reconsideration of the eugenic era. This reconsideration must include the close ties between the development of evolutionary sciences and eugenic philosophies in the early twentieth century, the related intersections of early evolutionary theologies with eugenics, and the legacy of the connections between anti-evolution and anti-eugenic views in the religious public. Since most would mark the beginning of contemporary science/religion conversations with the published works of Ian Barbour and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, it is also important to reconsider their works as well as those who published and critiqued such works. What role did eugenic philosophies have in the development of the modern field of theological considerations of science, and in what ways have eugenic philosophies been ignored, erased, or supported during the development of this field? It is past time for the science/religion community to seriously consider these questions. I am grateful for the space here to consider this question, and grateful further for a thematic section of Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science on this topic in the future.
ASSESSMENT OF STABILITY OF STEEL FRAMES OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS TO PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE
Authors: Irgalieva A.I. , Irgaliev I.I. , Galin E.R. , Porivaev I.A.
Published: July 2024

The oil and gas industry is actively developing in Russia and every year the pace of construction of various enterprises in this field is increasing. Metal structures are often used to erect production facilities, as they are characterized by high reliability, industriality, durability and quick erection. The frames of production buildings designed for the oil refining and petrochemical industry must retain their load-bearing capacity throughout the entire specified period of operation, ensuring the safety of people, equipment, materials and products. Such production facilities with a higher level of responsibility have special requirements to ensure their safety in the event of an accident. The design of these buildings considers situations in which the damaged structures must retain their load-bearing capacity or their failure must be compensated by other elements of the frame to avoid complete destruction of the building.The issues concerning the mechanisms of collapse occurring in industrial buildings when they are subjected to special loads, as well as the identification of their most vulnerable nodes, are poorly studied. There are still no unified concepts and reliable engineering calculation methods based on them, which can provide protection against progressive collapse of buildings and guarantee their stability. Nowadays, the solution of the issue of resistance of industrial buildings to progressive collapse, according to the guidelines laid down in the legislative base, entails huge costs and a large overconsumption of materials, which causes disputes about the correctness of the approach laid down in the regulatory framework and requires research to find new optimal solutions to strengthen structures.This paper studies the resistance to progressive collapse of steel frames of single-storey industrial buildings and evaluates the effectiveness of measures to improve the avalanche collapse resistance of such buildings.In the study the frames of single-span and multi-span industrial buildings are examined for their stability under special impacts, various cases of exclusion from the work of the building structures are analyzed and the most efficient measures to improve the stability of such buildings are proposed.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING COMPONENT COMPOSITION TO IMPROVE THE DEVELOPMENT OF OFFSHORE OIL FIELDS IN THE NORTH CASPIAN BASIN
Authors: Gritsay I.A. , Belugin A.D. , Magdeev I.D. , Chupeev A.V.
Published: July 2024

The paper presents an algorithm to reconstruct the component composition of the mixture based on the results of production modeling in the black oil format and a fixed set of tables with the results of phase equilibrium calculations in a given pressure range. The approach is based on analyzing the ratio of flow rates for each phase and the ratio between average reservoir pressure and saturation pressure. The algorithm takes into account the possibility of oil degassing when saturation pressure decreases, as well as gas breakthrough of gas caps to the bottoms of producing wells.Implementation of the method is based on a unified thermodynamic model of multilayer reservoir, built on the principles of a single set of HC mixture components and uniform parameters of the equation of state on a set of fluid samples for all modeling stages: reservoir model, model of the gathering system and site facilities. In addition to steady-state flow calculations performed together with reservoir modeling, the unified model is planned to be used for dynamic flow calculations in the corresponding simulator (well start/stop), which will allow solving production problems in the process of operation of wells with complex completions.The conversion algorithm is automated using modern high-level tools: Python and data automation components from MS Excel, which eliminates the need for manual data input at all stages and makes it possible to obtain the estimated component composition of produced fluid for any set of wells and for any time step within the forecasting horizon.The obtained compositions are used to verify the reproduction of the main controlled parameters (oil density and gas oil ratio) and can be used for subsequent calculations of fluid transportation and treatment systems.The implemented algorithm has been tested for stability at different ratios of gas and oil flow rates by wells and meets the practical requirements of engineering calculations — the error of oil density is not higher than 2 % and gas factor is not higher than 10 %.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF HYDRATE FORMATION PECULIARITIES FOR CONDITIONS OF THE TURNO AND CENOMANIAN DEPOSITS. Part I
Authors: Kishalov A.E. , Lipatov V.D. , Zhonin V.V. , Goloviznin A.Yu. , Luzan L.A. , Ushakova A.V.
Published: July 2024

This paper is the Part I of a study devoted to investigating the peculiarities of hydrate formation for the conditions of Turonian and Cenomanian reservoirs. The launch of new gas projects at the Turon and Senoman production facilities in Western Siberia provided a good opportunity to critically analyze the known methods of protecting production, gathering and transportation facilities of the gas field from the formation of solid gas hydrates. The paper presents the experience of implementing a program of laboratory studies of conditions of gas hydrate formation with their subsequent processing and in-depth analysis. The research program covered the area of thermobaric parameters typical for the conditions of Turon-Senoman deposits exploitation with localization of hydrate-hazardous areas in the conditions of technological regimes for full development. The description of laboratory studies is given, in which two gas compositions of Senoman and Turon objects, different variants of mineralization and ionic composition corresponding to formation and condensation water, as well as hydrate formation conditions under changing dosages of basic inhibitor on the basis of methanol were considered. The details of the experiment based on the method of swinging cells and the subsequent analysis of the results of the completed experiments to determine the thermobaric conditions of formation and decomposition of hydrates are given. The main features of the experiment are specified, estimates of the rate of change of the influencing parameters of the experiment on its quality are given. In the process of implementation of the experimental program, the optimal values of these parameters were selected, which allowed us to significantly reduce the variation of experimental results to determine the thermobaric conditions of hydrate formation. It is experimentally established that the temperature of hydrate decomposition is higher than the temperature of its formation at all investigated gas compositions and water mineralization.Based on the processing of an extensive matrix of experimental studies, the calculation dependences of thermobaric conditions of hydrate formation were specified, which allowed to significantly improve the efficiency of prediction and accuracy of calculation of optimal dosages of inhibitor for the Kharampurskoye gas field. In this part of the study, the characteristic thermobaric conditions of natural gas production and collection from Turonian-Cenomanian deposits are summarized, the component composition of the investigated gas and water is described, and the methodology of laboratory tests is described.
Desempeño financiero durante la pandemia: el caso de las grandes empresas agrícolas, ganaderas, silvícolas y pesqueras
Authors: Londa Maldonado Edwin Michael ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Saá Luzardo Joseph Alexander , Celi Mero Leticia del Rocío ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: July 2024

“La pandemia de COVID-19 está haciendo mella en la salud pública y provocando perturbaciones sin precedentes en las economías y los mercados laborales” (Organización Internacional del Trabajo, 2020, p.1), consecuentemente, según estimaciones del Banco Mundial las empresas en los países en desarrollo, con la llegada de la crisis sanitaria, se han visto envueltas en una caída generalizada de ventas en las actividades empresariales, “la disminución promedio fue del 49 % y ha sido sorprendentemente persistente. Cuatro meses después del punto máximo de la crisis, las ventas siguen siendo más de un 40 % más bajas” entre las cuales, “las grandes empresas (...) registraron una caída de menos del 40 %” (Freund, 2020).
İlk yatıştaki veriler üzerinde yapay veri çoğaltma ve makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri kullanılarak COVID-19 hastalık şiddetinin tahmini
Authors: Köksal Kübra , Doğan Buket , Altıkardeş Zehra Aysun
Published: July 2024

Covid-19 ilk olarak 2019 Aralık ayında Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan ve 11 Mart 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilen, SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün neden olduğu bir bulaşıcı hastalıktır. Covid-19 ilk ortaya çıktığı tarihten itibaren dünya genelinde hızla yayılarak başta sağlık sektörü olmak üzere tüm insan hayatını olumsuz yönde etkileyecek bir sürecin başlamasına neden olmuştur. Covid-19 ile mücadelede hijyen, maske, mesafe ve aşı gibi önlemlerin yanında araştırmacılar tarafından bilgisayar destekli sistemler geliştirilerek Covid-19 teşhis ve tahmin süreçlerinde fayda sağlanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda geliştirilen bu çalışmada COVID-19 ile enfekte olmuş hastaların hastaneye kabul aşamasında alınan laboratuvar ve demografik özellikleri kullanılarak WHO odaklı hastalık şiddetini tahmin etmeye yardımcı olan makine öğrenmesi modellerinin geliştirilmesi ve test edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada Marmara Üniversitesi Hastanesine başvuran hastalardan alınan bilgiler kullanılarak oluşturulan yerli bir veri seti kullanılmıştır. Veri seti üzerinde oksijen ihtiyacı ve yoğun bakım ihtiyacı olmak üzere belirlenen iki farklı sonlanım durumu ile ilk laboratuvar sonuçları arasındaki ilişki K-En yakın komşu, Torbalama (Bagging), Rastgele Orman ve Karar Ağacı makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Veri setindeki dengesiz sınıf dağılımı SMOTE veri çoğaltma algoritması kullanılarak dengeli bir hale getirilmiş ve veri çoğaltmanın sınıflandırma performansına etkisi doğruluk ve F1-Skor açısından değerlendirilmiştir. SMOTE uygulanmayan veri seti üzerinde hastanın ilk yatış aşamasındaki oksijen ihtiyacı (Analiz – 1) 16 özellik ile %91,67, yatış sırasındaki oksijen ihtiyacı (Analiz – 2) 18 özellik ile %91,96 ve yatış sırasındaki yoğun bakım ihtiyacı (Analiz – 3) 12 özellik ile %92,17 doğruluk değeri ile tahmin edilmiştir. SMOTE veri çoğaltma işleminden sonra azınlık sınıfların F1-Skor değerlerinde Analiz – 1 için %6’lık, Analiz – 2 için %23’lik ve Analiz – 3 %21’lik bir artış gözlenmiştir.
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment of Sitamarhi near the Central Himalayan Region
Authors: Paul Abhik , Chakrabortty Pradipta , Burman A. , Kumar Sapan
Published: July 2024

Sitamarhi, situated in the North-Bihar region of the Himalayan foothills is one of the seismically vulnerable regions of India. This region faced several devastating earthquakes, such as the 1934 and 1988 Bihar Nepal earthquake and the 2015 Nepal earthquake due to the movement of tectonic plates. The purpose of the present study is to exhibit the uniform hazard spectrum (UHS) and peak ground acceleration (PGA) values based on the probabilistic seismic hazard method using different seismotectonic parameters. The Gutenberg Richter (G-R) seismicity parameters ‘a’ and ‘b’ were estimated on the basis of regional earthquake magnitude data for the studied region. Regional earthquakes data were taken from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), International Seismological Centre (ISC), Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), and Seismotectonic Atlas of India. The region of interest for the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is within a 500 km radius considering past seismicity and 62 seismotectonic sources which were identified in the study area. Large-scale geological features were utilised to describe the regional seismic source zones, which were used to derive the relationship between return period and ground motion parameters. Estimated PGA values are 0.92g for 2% and 0.68g for 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years time period, respectively. This research infer that the West Patna fault (WPF) and Sitamarhi fault (SMF) are the two maximum contributors in PGA for the Sitamarhi region.
Device Fabrication Using Soft Lithography Technique v1
Authors: Gamboa Jann
Published: July 2024

Standard Operating Procedure Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Name of the procedures: Device Fabrication using Soft Lithography Technique Location: MB308A PI: Dr. Freeman Lan Instructor: Jann Gamboa