bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brasil: information to physical therapists
Authors: Pegado Rodrigo , Silva-Filho Edson , Lima Illia Nadinne D. F , Gualdi Lucien
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic shows a rapid increase in cases and deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) has shown that more than 200.000 confirmed cases have been identified in more than 166 countries/territories. Public health authorities in Brasil have reported 532 confirmed cases by March 19. Approximately 5% of the patients will require intensive care unit treatment with oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation. Limited data are available about rehabilitation protocols for severe illness and intensive care treatment of COVID-19 increase. Thus, we aim to show current information about COVID-19, describing symptoms and the respiratory management for critical patients and preventive care. Physical therapists and all health care professionals need to recognize the challenges they will face in the coming months.
Endodontic sealers and post-endodontic waiting time affect the bond strength of the fiber posts
Authors: BOHRER Thais Camponogara , FONTANA Patricia Eliana , WANDSCHER Vinícius Felipe , MORARI Victor Hugo Carvalho , PILLAR Rafael , BELLO Mariana de Carlo , VALANDRO Luiz Felipe , KAIZER Osvaldo Bazzan
Published: June 2020

Abstract Introduction The resistance adhesive of a fiber post can be affected by several factors, such as the endodontic sealer and post-endodontic waiting time. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different endodontic sealers and two different post-endodontic waiting times on the bond strength of fiber posts. Material and method Seventy-two bovine teeth were endodontically treated and filled using three endodontic sealers: eugenol-based, epoxy resin-based, or mineral trioxide aggregate-based. The specimens were stored at 37°C for 24 hours or for 30 months. After the respective storage times, the root canals were prepared for luting fiber posts using RelyX U200. Push-out tests and analysis of failures were performed. The push-out data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance to compare the effects of the endodontic sealer and with the t-test to compare the effects of post-endodontic waiting time. Result The AH Plus sealer yielded the highest bond strength values at 30 months post-endodontics (11.26 Mpa) (p < 0.05), however no had difference with Endofill sealer at the same time. Endofill and MTA Fillapex sealers did not differ significantly in their effects, irrespective of the post-endodontic waiting time. Conclusion In conclusion, the endodontic sealer used and post-endodontic waiting time affect the adhesive resistance of fiber posts. The adhesion increases significantly when the fiber post is cemented 30 months after the root canal filling, while the adhesion is reduced when cementing immediately after root canal treatment, in particular for eugenol-based endodontic sealers.
Blood pressure pattern following a combined exercise session in hypertensive older women
Authors: Fachini Matheus Pamplona , Barcelos Guilherme Tadeu de , Coneglian Juliana Cavestré , Medeiros Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira , Gerage Aline Mendes
Published: June 2020

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to verify the behavior of hemodynamic variables in hypertensive older women following a combined exercise session and to identify the intensity of effort achieved in this session. Method: The study included 14 hypertensive older women (72.0±6.7 years old) who regularly practiced physical activities. The participants underwent a one-hour combined exercise session performed in a group, with intensity of effort monitored by accelerometry (Actigraph, model GT3X+). The hemodynamic parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance) were individually measured by finger photoplethysmography (Finometer) before and after (60 min) the exercise session. Results: The sessions consisted predominantly of low-light intensity activities (60%) and 20% of class time was spent on sedentary behavior. None of the evaluated variables exhibited changes when the pre and post-exercise values were compared (p>0.05). Systolic blood pressure behavior correlated positively with time spent in sedentary behavior (r=0.541; p=0.045). Conclusion: The combined exercise sessions, as conducted, did not generate post-exercise hypotension. In addition, the time spent in typically sedentary activities during the classes positively correlated with changes in blood pressure, suggesting that combined exercise programs, applied in the form of collective aerobic exercises, should be composed of higher intensity activities.
Complexity of care of hospitalized older adults and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics and functional independence
Authors: Gutierrez Beatriz Aparecida Ozello , Silva Henrique Salmazo da , Chubaci Rosa Yuka Sato , Borja-Oliveira Caroline Ribeiro
Published: June 2020

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the complexity of care of hospitalized older adults and sociodemographic and functional independence characteristics. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in the medical and surgical clinics of the University Hospital of the Universidade de São Paulo, in the state of São Paulo SP, Brazil. A total of 382 older adults were assessed through a socio-demographic inventory, the Mini Mental State Exam, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living and the Interdisciplinary Medicine Instrument Method. Results: The complexity of care of participants was associated with the female sex (p=0.003), not having a partner (p=0.003), having a lower income (p=0.022), cognitive decline (p<0.001) and dependence in basic activities of daily living (BADL) (p<0.001). In the multiple logistic regression model, variables such as the female sex (OR=1.76; p=0.018), dependence in one or more activities of daily living (OR=1.26; p<0.001) and cognitive decline (OR=3.31; p<0.001) remained associated with complexity of care. Conclusion: The complexity of care of hospitalized older adults, as it is associated with limitations in BADL and cognitive decline, requires actions by the interprofessional team to ensure the rehabilitation, integration of long-term care and planning of care resources for older patients. Thus, it is necessary to adopt integrated services that include home care and care networks for the elderly, in order to provide qualified post-hospital discharge care and promote the health of the hospitalized older population.
Can clinical and physical-functional factors predict falls in cognitively impaired older adults?
Authors: Araújo Rute Santos , Nascimento Érica Ribeiro do , Barros Regina de Souza , Ritter Simone Rios Fonseca , Abreu Amanda Maria Santos , Garcia Patrícia Azevedo
Published: June 2020

Abstract Objective: to investigate the frequency of falls and clinical and physical-functional factors associated with falls, and the accuracy of such factors to identify the risk of falling in cognitively impaired older adults. Method: a cross-sectional study with cognitively impaired older adults was carried out using the Mini-Mental State Examination. The dependent variable was a history of falls in the previous six months. The independent variables were self-reported mental confusion, hearing and visual impairment, physical fatigue, muscle weakness, dizziness, body imbalance, insecurity when walking, diagnosed depression, hospitalizations, continuous use medications (form from study used), muscle mass (calf circumference) and handgrip strength (dynamometry), functional capacity (Pfeffer) and mobility (SAM-Br). Descriptive statistics were applied. The groups were compared using the Mann Whitney U test, the risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated for the associated factors. Results: 216 cognitively impaired older adults were included in the analysis, 41.7% of whom were fallers. Multivariate regression analyzes indicated that complaints of visual impairment (OR=2.8; p=0.015) and body imbalance (OR=2.7; p=0.004), and greater medication use (OR=1.1; p=0.038) were associated with a history of falls. The AUC found poor accuracy for quantity of medications as a screening tool for fallers (AUC=0.6 [0.5; 0.7]; p=0.028). Conclusion: cognitively impaired older adults had a high frequency of falls. Complaints of visual impairment, body imbalance and polypharmacy were predictors of falls. The early assessment of these factors can contribute to the identification of cognitively-impaired older adults at risk of falling in clinical practice and research.
Prevalent skin and dermatoses care in older adults treated at a private clinic and its relationship with comorbidities
Authors: Mariani Ana Carolina , Pozzi Fernanda Santos , Armond Jane de Eston , Vinagre Carmen Guilherme Christiano de Matos
Published: June 2020

Abstract Objectives : To identify and assess the prevalence of skin changes in the older adults surveyed, as well as to detect skin phototype according to the Fitzpatrick classification and to assess whether there was an association between the changes identified and predisposing factors (smoking, diabetes mellitus and hypertension). Additionally, evaluate the level of knowledge of the subjects regarding skin care. Method : A cross-sectional study was conducted in April to August 2018, based on a convenience sample of 80 older adults attending a private clinic. A questionnaire was applied among the subjects to identify their skin care and an answer sheet was completed by the researcher with information about the physical examination of the skin. Data were analyzed by the chi square or Fisher’s exact method. Poisson regression was used to determine the independent effect of the exploratory variables on the response variable. Results : The sampled population had a low level of education and was low-income and did not take proper care of their skin, while 70% were skin phototype 4. Most (73%) were aware of what skin cancer is and a significant portion 50% did not use sunscreen or moisturizer. There was no significant difference between the sexes (p>0.05). About half of the older adults reported having been instructed about skin care. Seventy two percent knew about the dangers of sun exposure. The most common skin alteration was melanosis and an association was found between diabetes and keratosis. Conclusions : The study population was low income, with a low level of education. They were exposed to the sun and did not make proper use of sunscreen or moisturizers, but sought health information from their doctor and knew what skin cancer was.
Analysis of consumption of omega 3 source foods by participants of social groups
Authors: Stefanello Fhaira Petter da Silva , Pasqualotti Adriano , Pichler Nadir Antonio
Published: June 2020

Abstract Objective: To verify the consumption of omega 3 source foods by participants of social groups. Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive analytical study was carried out with 850 older participants of social groups of the Older Adult Care Coordination (or DATI) in a city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, through a questionnaire containing sociodemographic variables and the consumption of omega 3 source foods. Data were analyzed using the R 2.15.1 language and using the Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. The level of significance used in the tests was p≤0.05. Results: The results showed that older women have a habit of consuming more omega 3 source foods than men, such as oils, dark green vegetables, seeds, fish and nuts, and people with greater purchasing power consume more products with omega 3. Conclusion: Families with greater purchasing power used more expensive sources of omega 3 fatty acid, and the consumption of these products did not differ significantly in terms of age, BMI, marital status and whether the individual lived alone or with others.
O EnsIno da Saúde Coletiva e a Escola Médica em Mudança: Um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Garcia Maria Alice A. , Gomes Regina Célia N. , Sacornan Ana Carolina Z. , Costa Katia Cristina , Rahal Sabrina
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a inserção da Saúde Coletiva, na graduação em medicina, enfocando a reforma em pauta na PUC Campinas. Ele relata esta reforma e, de modo mais detalhado, o processo ensino-aprendizagem junto à disciplina 'Saúde da Comunidade: as situações de saúde' ministrada durante o primeiro ano do curso. As novas Diretrizes Curriculares exigem mudanças estruturais dos projetos pedagógicos, no sentido de gerar perfis profissionais mais adequados ao sistema de saúde e estratégias de aprendizagem ativa que fortalecem a articulação do ensino com o trabalho em diferentes cenários. São enfatizados nestas diretrizes inúmeros conteúdos e práticas da Saúde Coletiva, tais como: a incorporação do enfoque epidemiológico na compreensão dos determinantes sociais, culturais, psicológicos, ecológicos, éticos e legais do processo saúde-doença; a qualificação para atuação na proteção, promoção, prevenção, tratamento e reabilitação; o acompanhamento do processo de morrer, conhecimentos para lidar criticamente com a dinâmica do mercado de trabalho e com as políticas de saúde; disposição para atuar em atividades de política e de planejamento; e a inserção precoce e contínua na comunidade e em todos os níveis dos serviços, sendo uma das cinco áreas do estágio curricular obrigatório. A educação, estando integrada ao campo da Saúde Coletiva, lhe comfere responsabilidades éticas e um caráter eminentemente formador e problematizador do "ser médico” de uma ciência de cuidado da vida.
Anjos da Guarda - Uma Nova Abordagem para Aulas Práticas na Graduação
Authors: Bastos Ricardo Rocha
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Aulas práticas em enfermarias estão entre as estratégias mais tradicionais para a graduação médica, em que pese o acúmulo de evidências que apontam pata uma crescente dissociação entre proficiência nos métodos clínicos e prática médica atual. Este trabalho apresenta a experiência com uma nova ferramenta que utiliza o ambiente do Hospital Universitário, para harmonizar as novas exigências das diretrizes curriculares com o desenvolvimento de habilidades clínicas consagradas no modelo biopsicossocial. É o projeto “Anjos da Guarda”, da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil.
Desenvolvendo Competências em Comunicação: Uma Experiência com a Medicina Narrativa
Authors: Almeida Helcia Oliveira de , Alves Natali Maria , Costa Marisa Pacini , Trindade Eliana Mendonça Vilar , Muza Gilson Maestrini
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever uma experiência com a Medicina Narrativa e refletir sobre a potencialidade dessa abordagem no desenvolvimento de competências em comunicação. Essa prática vem sendo incorporada às atividades desenvolvidas na unidade de comunicação da 3a série do Curso de Medicina da Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde - ESCS do Governo do Distrito Federal. Após a apresentação de uma breve revisão da literatura sobre a Medicina Narrativa, são relatadas as atividades realizadas na unidade. Foram identificadas em vários trabalhos habilidades narrativas importantes no desenvolvimento: a) da observação; b) da empatia; c) do vínculo estudante-paciente; d) da compreensão das percepções do paciente; e) da capacidade de integrar as dimensões biológica, psicológica e social. Evidenciamos ainda que muitos estudantes foram capazes de refletir sobre a prática médica e sobre a experiência vivenciada. Esses primeiros resultados parecem indicar a potencialidade da abordagem para a capacitação em habilidades necessárias para o desenvolvimento de competências em comunicação visando uma prática médica compatível com o modelo biopsicossocial.
Induction of seed coat water impermeability during maturation of Erythrina speciosa seeds
Authors: Molizane Debora Manzano , Carmello-Guerreiro Sandra Maria , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Dormancy is a physiological process that allows seeds to survive in unfavorable environments by preventing their germination. For a large number of species, seed desiccation at the end of maturation is common, and for some of these seeds, this includes seed coat water impermeability (SCWI). The environmental conditions in which the mother plant develops affect the seed maturation process, causing variations in both seed physiological quality and the onset of physical dormancy. In this study, we analyzed the induction of SCWI in immature seeds of Erythrina speciosa by artificial drying. Seeds at three stages of immaturity were dried gradually for subsequent evaluation of their germination. At each level of drying, the anatomical structure of the seed coat was also analyzed. Artificial drying was able to induce SCWI in immature seeds. Furthermore, environmental conditions affected at which stage of maturity SCWI began, and they affected development of desiccation tolerance. However, unlike other species, there were no anatomical differences related to this SCWI (whether by natural drying or artificial drying) and, therefore, in E. speciosa seeds, SCWI may be related to biochemical differences in the seed coat.
Análise espacial da atenção especializada na Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência: o caso de Minas Gerais
Authors: Maciel Fernanda Jorge , Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima , Januário Gabriela Cintra , Santos Mônica Farina Neves , Reis Roberta Alvarenga , Oliveira Neto Raimundo de , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear a Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência em Minas Gerais, com base na identificação dos pontos de atenção do componente de atenção especializada em reabilitação, suas modalidades e distribuição segundo a população. Método: estudo observacional transversal descritivo. Foram utilizadas técnicas de geoprocessamento para descrição da distribuição dos dispositivos da atenção especializada da Rede de Cuidados, conforme levantamento em abril de 2014. Adotaram-se como unidades de análise as regiões do estado descritas no Plano Diretor de Regionalização do estado. Foram analisadas legislações nacional e estadual e dados disponíveis nos relatórios de gestão da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais. Como variáveis, foram selecionadas a presença de pontos de atenção no território, o tipo de serviço ofertado e sua relação com a densidade populacional. Foram realizados: análise descritiva da distribuição espacial dos pontos de atenção, considerando as variáveis selecionadas, e georreferenciamento destes pontos, considerando tipo de serviço e modalidades de deficiência. Resultados: a Rede de Cuidados é composta por 183 pontos de atenção com maior concentração ao sul do estado: 135 (73,8%) Serviços Especializados em Reabilitação da Deficiência Intelectual, 18 (9,8%) Serviços de Reabilitação Física, 15 (8,2%) Serviços de Reabilitação Auditiva, 3 (1,6%) Serviços de Reabilitação Visual e 12 (6,6%) Centros Especializados em Reabilitação com duas ou mais modalidades. Observou-se maior concentração de serviços nas regiões mais populosas. Conclusão: a Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência possui grande desproporção entre as modalidades de reabilitação, com maior número de serviços voltados para reabilitação intelectual e distribuição não equânime, refletindo em vazios assistenciais.
Frequency-following response (FFR) com estímulo de fala em jovens adultos normo-ouvintes
Authors: Durante Alessandra Spada , Oliveira Suenia de Jesus
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o slope e as latências e amplitudes das ondas V, A, C, D, E, F e da Frequency-Following Response, com estímulo de fala, em adultos com audição normal, tendo como base referência internacional. Método: Onze adultos normo- ouvintes com idade entre 18 e 30 anos, sem queixas auditivas, foram avaliados na pesquisa. O equipamento utilizado foi o Intelligent Hearing System. O estímulo de fala /da/ foi apresentado por meio de fone de inserção na orelha direita e a resposta foi captada por meio de eletrodos posicionados no vértex, na mastoide direita e eletrodo terra na fronte. Resultados: Os valores descritivos de latência dos componentes foram: V 6,50, A 7,87, C 17,74, D 22,77, E 32,07, F 40,03 e O 48,07 ms. As médias de amplitude foram V 0,17, A -0,12, C -0,14, D -0,14, E -0,20, F -0,22 e O -0,14 µV. A média do valor do slope encontrada foi 0,23. Na comparação com estudo de referência internacional, Krizman et al. (2012) mostraram que a maioria dos resultados se encontra dentro de um desvio padrão positivo e negativo para a faixa etária estudada tanto para o slope quanto para as latências e amplitudes. Conclusão: A resposta eletrofisiológica da Frequency Following Response, utilizando o estímulo de fala /da/, em adultos com audição normal e sem queixas auditivas, apresentou valores de slope e de latência e amplitude de todos os componentes dentro do padrão de normalidade apresentado pela literatura internacional.
Protocolo de cuidado de enfermagem no paciente disfágico hospitalizado
Authors: Dias Suelem Frian Couto , Queluci Gisella de Carvalho , Mendonça Amanda Ribeiro , Souza Vinicius Rodrigues de
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivos: investigar os cuidados de enfermagem para o paciente hospitalizado com disfagia orofaríngea. Método: trata-se de estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido durante o ano de 2017, em um Hospital da rede pública do Rio de Janeiro que oferece programa de residência em enfermagem. A amostra foi constituída por 17 residentes de enfermagem que atuam na assistência a pacientes disfágicos. A coleta de dados foi embasada nas etapas da metodologia da aprendizagem baseada em problemas e foram analisados segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: a análise dos dados permitiu identificar os principais cuidados de enfermagem no paciente hospitalizado com disfagia orofaríngea e a elaboração de um protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem no paciente hospitalizado disfágico a partir da discussão das categorias temáticas. Conclusão: este estudo promoveu a identificação dos principais cuidados de enfermagem no paciente hospitalizado com disfagia orofaríngea, podendo, dessa forma, fornecer subsídios para a atuação de enfermeiros, melhorando assim a qualidade da assistência e segurança do serviço prestado aos pacientes hospitalizados.
Use of Fertiactyl Pos® for Protection of Eucalyptus Plants Subjected to Herbicide Drift
Authors: SANTOS JR. A. , FREITAS F.C.L. , SANTOS I.T. , SILVA D.C. , ALCÁNTARA-DE LA CRUZ R. , FERREIRA L.R.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Herbicide drift, due to application failures, can cause intoxication in eucalyptus plants, compromising their growth. However, the addition of protective products such as Fertiactyl Pós® to the syrup has been shown to be efficient in reducing intoxication of eucalyptus plants exposed to herbicide drift. Given this, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of Fertiactyl Pós® on the reduction of damage caused by the herbicides glyphosate, 2,4-D and the glyphosate + 2.4-D mixture in eucalyptus plants. The experiment was conducted in a 3 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme, corresponding to three herbicides: glyphosate (1,440 g ha-1), 2,4-D (680 g ha-1), glyphosate + 2.4- D (1,440 g ha-1 + 680 g ha-1); two doses of Fertiactyl Pós® (0 and 3.0 L ha-1) and one control without application. Prior to application, the top of the eucalyptus was covered with polyethylene bags to ensure the syrup only reached the lower third of the canopy. The addition of Fertiactyl Pós® to the syrup with glyphosate and 2.4 D herbicides reduced the intoxication of eucalyptus plants by 21.9 and 15.2%, respectively, at 40 days after application (DAA) when compared with the application of the respective herbicides without the addition of Fertiactyl Pós®. The glyphosate + 2.4-D mixture drift intensified the intoxication of the eucalyptus plants in comparison with the application of the respective herbicides in isolation. Besides, the addition of Fertiactyl Pós® to the glyphosate + 2,4-D mixture did not prevent plant intoxication.
Growth of Vernonia ferruginea Seedlings Submitted to Thermal Stress
Authors: AMARAL C.L. , SANTOS J.I. , PORTUGAL C.R.S. , BRAGA A.F. , ALVES P.L.C.A.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Stress caused by extreme temperatures is one of the main elements that limit the geographical distribution and the seasonal growth of several plants, causing a severe delay in their development, reducing the photosynthetic rate and signaling the synthesis of defense compounds. Considering the current environmental changes and the damages that these changes can cause in plant physiology and growth, the objective of this work was to understand the interactions between temperature, physiology and growth, and to characterize the impact of temperature changes on the initial development of Vernonia ferruginea Less. Seedlings of this species were conditioned in germination chambers at previously adjusted constant temperatures (10, 20, 25, 30, and 35 oC) for sixty days, in order to evaluate physiological and growth parameters. The optimum temperature range for the initial growth of V. ferruginea is between 25 and 30 oC. The stress caused by sub-optimal and over-optimal temperatures affected cell homeostasis and caused a delay in the growth and development of seedlings. In stressful situations, growth inhibition and the activation of response mechanisms were observed for the adaptation and maintenance of cellular homeostasis through the accumulation of the proline osmoprotectant and soluble carbohydrates. Additionally, plants presented a normal development within a wide temperature range, despite the development delay, the change in gas exchanges and the synthesis of substances related to the defense system.
Modeling the Emergence and Growth of Alligatorweed at Different Field Capacity Levels
Authors: AHMAD T. , TANVEER A. , NADEEM M.A. , YASEEN M.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: A study focusing on different field capacity levels was planned in the Weed Science Lab, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Fresh alligatorweed was harvested from the Agronomy fields and cuttings (2 cm length) were made from it. These cuttings were placed at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% field capacity levels in pots for 25 days. The results of the experiments revealed that at all field capacity levels, fragments of alligatorweed were able to sprout and grow. Increased moisture levels significantly increased the emergence ability and survival of the alligatorweed plants upto a certain level. Compared with the control (25% FC), emergence time of the sprouts in the maximum moisture regime (100% of FC) decreased by 40% (12.94 days vs.7.17 days). By contrast, the survival rate of the fragments decreased by 60% (5 vs. 1.75) although survival and growth rate increased at first with 50% FC and 75% FC. Maximum sprouting and growth were found at 50% field capacity. Field capacity does affect the sprouting capacity of alligatorweed fragments but it has only a little influence on growth parameters. The results suggest that alligatorweed can sustain dry conditions to a great extent and also has the ability to sprout and grow in fully submerged soils.
Changes in the Metabolism of Soybean Plants Submitted to Herbicide Application in Different Weed Management Systems
Authors: FRAGA D.S. , AGOSTINETTO D. , RUCHEL Q. , LANGARO A. C. , OLIVEIRA C.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Technologies that advocate the use of herbicide-resistant crops are alternatives to weed control, but they may cause oxidative stress and change secondary metabolism of plants. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate changes in the secondary metabolism of soybean plants which contained Cultivance® (CV), sulfonylurea-tolerant soybean (STS) and Roundup Ready® (RR) technologies submitted to the application of the mixture of herbicides imazapyr and imazapic in “plant-apply” and “apply-plant” management systems. Two field experiments, in which soybean cultivars were submitted to increasing doses of the mixture of herbicides imazapyr and imazapic, were performed. Aerial parts of plants were collected 10 days after crop emergence and stored at -83oC, until quantification of variables. In general, the soybean cultivar BRS382CV exhibited lower contents of chlorophyll than cultivars CD249STS and NA5909RR. Besides, increasing doses of the mixture of herbicides imazapyr and imazapic decreased contents of chlorophyll in the cultivars. Stress caused by herbicides induced more generation of ROS and effective response of the antioxidant system through enzymes SOD, CAT and APX.
Non-Chemical Control of Charcoal Rot of Urdbean by Sonchus oleraceous Application
Authors: BANARAS S. , JAVAID A. , SHOAIB A.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is an important leguminous crop whose production is severely affected by charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. This study was undertaken to seek an environmental friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides for management of this disease. Dry biomass of an allelopathic weed Sonchus oleraceous L. was used to combat the menace. Fumigated sandy loam pot soil, pre-inoculated with M. phaseolina, was amended with different doses of dry biomass of the weed ranging from 0.5% to 3%. Application of 2% weed biomass completely controlled the disease. Soil inoculation with M. phaseolina inoculation (positive control) reduced shoot dry weight and grain yield of urdbean by 59% and 91%, respectively, over negative control. Application of different doses of soil amendment in pathogen inoculated soil enhanced shoot dry weight and grain yield of urdbean by 107-307% and 438-7400%, respectively, over positive control. The highest positive effect on growth and yield of uedbean in M. phaseolina contaminated soil was recorded due to 2.5% amendment. M. phaseolina inoculation significantly enhanced peroxidase (POX) and phenyl alanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities. However, application of different doses of S. oleraceous biomass to the soil gradually decreased activities of these enzymes. The present study concludes that application of 2.5% dry biomass of S. oleraceous can completely control charcoal rot of urdbean and significantly enhance crop growth and yield.
Interference and Level of Economic Damage of Alexandergrass on Corn
Authors: FRANDOLOSO F.S. , GALON L. , CONCENÇO G. , ROSSETTO E.R.O. , BIANCHESSI F. , SANTIN C.O. , FORTE C.T.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the interference and to determine the level of economic damage (NDE) of the weed when infesting the corn crop. Treatments were composed by corn densities (2.60, 3.10, 3.65, 4.00 and 4.80 plants m-1) and 10 Alexandergrass populations for each crop seeding density. The population of plants, leaf area, soil cover and shoot dry mass of Alexandergrass were evaluated as indicator of infestation. Shoot dry mass of Alexandergrass presents better adjustment to the model of rectangular hyperbole, and losses of grain yield due to interference of the weed were satisfactorily estimated by this model. Corn sowing densities of 2.60; 3.10 and 3.65 plants m-1 in average, were more competitive of all evaluated variables in the presence of Alexandergrass. Corn densities of 2.60; 3.10 and 3.65 plants m-1 increase the level of economic damage, justifying the adoption of control measures of Alexandergrass when in higher populations. NDE values ranged from 1.58 to 9.37 plants m-2 at the densities of 4.00 and 4.80 maize plants m-1, which were less competitive with Alexandergrass.
Drift Distance in Aircraft Glyphosate Application Using Rice Plants as Indicators
Authors: CÓRDOVA R.A. , TOMAZETTI M. , REFATTI J.P. , AGOSTINETTO D. , AVILA L.A. , CAMARGO E.R.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the potential for glyphosate drift during aerial application using rice plants as sentinels, aiming to determine the effect of drift on irrigated rice crops. For this purpose, a field experiment was performed using an entirely randomized design with four replicates, evaluating different distances from the site of application [control (no application), 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 400 m]. The experiment was carried out at the Granjas 4 Irmãos farm, located in the Rio Grande city, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The glyphosate dose application was 1,920 g e.a. ha-1 (Roundup Transorb®, 480 g e.a. L-1 glyphosate isopropylamine salt). A dose-response curve was developed to estimate the drift rate in sentinel plants, by applying increasing glyphosate doses in rice plants and assessing the injury level. The drift rates estimated by the injury level in sentinel plants were 14% (150 m), 13% (200 m), and 5% (400 m). Death of the experimental units was observed for distances between 0 and 50 m, while in distances between 75 and 150 m, 25 to 50% of the plants survived, reducing productivity. In the distances between 200 and 400 m, there was no reduction in productivity when compared to the control, even when the injury levels reached 52 to 82%. Thus, we concluded that a 5% glyphosate drift reached up to 400 m from the application range. Considering the recommendation of zero drift, distances greater than 400 m should be adopted to avoid symptoms in rice plants. We suggest using distances of more than 400 m in future studies.
Predictive modelling of thermo-active tunnels in London Clay
Authors: Gawecka Klementyna A. , Cui Wenjie , Taborda David M. G. , Potts David M. , Zdravković Lidija , Loukas Alexandros
Published: June 2020

Thermo-active structures are underground facilities that enable the exchange of thermal energy between the ground and the overlying buildings, thus providing renewable means of space heating and cooling. Although this technology is becoming increasingly popular, the behaviour of geotechnical structures under additional thermal loading is still not fully understood. This paper focuses on the use of underground tunnels as thermo-active structures and explains their behaviour through a series of finite-element analyses based on an existing case study of isothermal tunnels in London Clay. The bespoke finite-element code adopted – the Imperial College Finite Element Program (ICFEP) – is capable of simulating the fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviour of porous materials. The complex coupled interactions between the tunnel and the surrounding soil are explored by comparing results from selected types of coupled and uncoupled simulations. It is demonstrated that: (a) the thermally induced deformation of the tunnel and the ground are more critical design aspects than the thermally induced forces in the tunnel lining, and (b) the modelling approach in terms of the type of analysis, as well as the assumed permeability of the tunnel lining, has a significant effect on the computed tunnel response and, hence, must be chosen carefully.
HISTORICAL REMINISCENCES OF THE COSSACK CHRONICLES IN THE NOVEL “HETMAN IVAN VYHOVSKY” BY I. NECHUY-LEVYTSKY
Authors: Slipushko Оksana , Katyuzhynska Anastasiya
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the artistic interpretation of historical events and figures in the novel “Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky” by I. Nechuy-Levytsky. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the specifics of Baroque historiography in the novel. The characteristic features of the author’s historical conception and influence of the cossack chronicles on its formation are determined. The historical fiction of I. Nechuy-Levytsky is represented by author’s historiosophical and ideological-aesthetic views, based on personal understanding of the Ukrainian history. I. Nechuy-Levytsky presents his own historical conception of the period of I. Vyhovsky’s activity, which is connected with certain features and characteristics of the provisions of Baroque historiography. An artistic rethinking of the role and place of personality in history and history in the life of humanity in the worldview of I. Nechuy-Levytsky is analyzed. The peculiarities of the interpretation of hetman Ivan Vyhovsky’s character in the cossack chronicles and the novel by I. Nechuy-Levytsky in the comparative aspect are substantiated. It is determined, that the estimation of hetman’s activity differs from that set out in the cossack chronicles. Therefore, unlike the chroniclers, who negatively characterize the political activity of I. Vyhovsky, the writer represents the human personality as a state creator, active subject in history. In addition, much attention is paid to the individualization of the image of the ruler, in particular the disclosure of the psychology of his actions.

In conclusion, in the artistic interpretation of I. Nechuy-Levytsky hetman I. Vyhovsky is represented as the bearer of political views and ideological positions, that played a significant role in the formation and development of the idea of Ukrainian statehood and became a continuation of the historical conception and ideological dominants of the cossack chronicles.
AN ETHOLOGICAL STORY FROM A CLASSIC
Authors: Tkachenko Anatoliy
Published: June 2020

In November 2018 it was 190 years since the birth of Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky. The author of the article believes that it is now necessary to accumulate materials for the updated academic edition of the artistic heritage of the classics of Ukrainian literature to its 200th anniversary. In this context, the work “How Sugarheads were flying in the air” is interesting for researchers. It was forgotten and the only one publication of the draft text was made by Vira Levytska, the great-niece of writer, in 1978. At the time of preparation for publication, the writing of some words, in particular phonetic dialecticisms, was consistent with the rules of the then spelling. According to the author of the article, in preparation for a textually validated publication, phonetic dialecticisms should be reproduced or at least submitted in the notes.

The essay is based on a true story: farmer Pylyp Taran, who had become an involuntary accomplice to the theft, later told the village priest about that sin. Pylyp asked him to warn the host, Lazar Gershkovich Lieber[ma]n, that his employees steal and smuggle refined sugar through the fence.

In the preamble to the first publication, in particular, it is said that the work “reveals certain facets of socio-economic relations in a capitalist society, which neglects people and leads to moral degradation. There are also anticlerical motives here”. In fact, the analyzed work shows the beneficial influence of the rural priest on the development of the described events and their solution. The article combines genre features of essay, partial re-publication, ethological and poetic analysis. In particular, the peculiarities of the poetics of the essay narrative, its ethological rootedness in the mentality of the people are analyzed.
CULTURAL HERITAGE REPOSITORY AS A CONTRIBUTING FACTOR TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM SECTOR
Authors: Grebeža Kristine
Published: June 2020

The author of the article describes the possibilities of preserving the digital cultural heritage by analysing digestive storage and comparing similar software systems, as well as describing tourism information systems, which are in Latvia and tourism systems, and analysing tourism indicators that influence economic performance by linking the repository to tourism, creating in the repository an option in which tourism platforms can be used in the repository information stored in the inventory for the development of tourism routes and opposite.
CIRCUMSTANCES AFFECTING QUALITATIVE EXECUTION OF JUDICIAL POWER IN CRIMINAL LITIGATIONS
Authors: Bulgakova Ilona
Published: June 2020

Representing both judicial and executive powers, institutions and officials take part in criminal litigations. In particular, the courts of the three instances, when executing judicial power, decide on person’s guilt or guiltlessness in relevant criminal cases. In pre-trial proceedings, judicial power is manifested through ensuring control on human rights’ limitation. In its turn, investigating bodies, which represent judicial power, ensure criminal actions’ investigating and submitting. Finally, punitive institutions (like administrative authorities of penal institutions, State probation service, as well as sworn court bailiffs) take part at the stage of executing the criminal punishment in criminal litigation, thus providing with the support implementing judicial power in criminal proceeding. The objective of this article is to identify and research the circumstances affecting qualitative implementation of judicial power in criminal litigation, a special attention is paid to the circumstances, which have negative affect on criminal litigation. The mentioned objective, in the author’s opinion, is extremely significant in theory and in practice.
UNDERAGE PATIENT’S RIGHTS
Authors: Gaide Ksenija
Published: June 2020

The legal framework for the treatment of an under-aged patient is topical throughout the world. In Latvia, the rights of an under-aged patient are defined in Article 13 of the Patients' Rights Act, however, there is a significant contradiction in the article. It is related to the age of a under-aged patient, when he or she is entitled to independently decide on his / her own treatment, including a refusal of medical services, but there are legal cases where a medical practitioner may disregard this patient's will.
MANAGEMENT OF DOCUMENTS OF NATIONAL GUARD OF 3RD LATGALIAN BRIGADE’S FROM 1991 TO 2018
Authors: Belinska Inga
Published: June 2020

The management of National Guard of 3rd Latgalian Brigade’s documents and archives has been operational since 1992 in compliance with the applicable laws and regulations governing the organization’s work on documents. The clerk is responsible for document circulation, but the manager is responsible for securing document management processes. Documents are being prepared in accordance with certain requirements that have been set and approved by the organization's internal regulations. The work on the document must observe the specific requirements of the military organization (both the drafting of documents and the use of terminology). The circulation of documents takes place in order to fulfil the objectives pursued.
IMAGE AND TEXT NARRATIVE LATGALIAN PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE (1927)
Authors: Brīvere Inese
Published: June 2020

Author Inese Brīvere characterizes the personal correspondence of Latgalian in the context of the historical circumstances of the era. Are analysed by 1 letter, written in 1927. Compared the language of writing as social practices, studied the choice of words, the stylistic features of text at the level of discourse, to analyse the content and form letter. Photos Viewing lets understand how culture generally perceived life.
Legal Liability of the Deputies to NPC for Selling Ballots
Authors: Heng Zhou
Published: June 2020

Deputies to people’s congresses enjoy the right to elect the personnel of a state organ, members of the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress at the same level and deputies to the People’s Congress at a higher level in accordance with the provisions of the law. Based on the official nature of the right to vote, deputies to NPC can not transfer their right to vote and sell votes. As selling ballots is an illegal exercise of their official duty, they should assume for corresponding criminal responsibility for the crime of undermining election and bribery provided in the Criminal Law of China. Moreover, delegates to NPC who have the status of public officials shall be included in the supervision , and strengthen the responsibility inquiry.
Evolution of China Criminal Law Legislation in the Field of Combating Terrorism and Extremism
Authors: Changhai Lun
Published: June 2020

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Children and adolescents’ obesity is the 21st century health problem
Authors: Bocharova O V , Teplyakova E D
Published: June 2020

The article presents a literature review which devotes to one of the major issues of healthcare today obesity in children and adolescents. The consequences of childhood obesity, methods of determination and pathophysiology of obesity are described in detail. It was considered the influence of genetic factors in the formation of obesity, the effect of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity. The literature search was carried out in the databases of NCBI, PubMed, PubMed Central, eLIBRARY.ru, etc. Obesity in children and adolescents is one of the most important issues for people from most countries in today's world. Worldwide, the prevalence of this pathology has increased over the past three decades. Obesity in children and adolescents is a complex, multifactorial disease in which genetic and non-genetic factors can be identified. Although the vast majority of childhood obesity incidents are exogenous, a small proportion may have endogenous causes. Currently, particular importance is attached to the study of hereditary predictors of obesity and its main complications. Being a complex and inherited trait (disease), obesity is a consequence of the interaction of genetic predisposition, epigenetics, metagenomics, and the environment. Also, recent experimental and clinical data show the importance of intestinal microbiota, which can cause overweight and obesity in some patients. Molecular genetic studies have confirmed changes in intestinal biocenosis with developing obesity in children and adolescents. Obesity, which began in childhood, causes short-term and long-term adverse effects on physical and psychosocial health and largely becomes a risk factor for the development of various metabolic disorders and cardiovascular pathology. Understanding the multifactorial mechanisms involved in the formation of obesity in children and adolescents provides opportunities for the early prevention of obesity and its complications.
Multidisciplinary health care monitoring and training program: impact on antibiotic use
Authors: Aleksandrova E G , Abakumova T R , Evstigneev S V , Titarenko A F , Khaziakhmetova V N , Ziganshina L E
Published: June 2020

Aim. To develop a program for monitoring the use of antibacterial agents and training in their rational use using the information on consumption and expenses in a multidisciplinary healthcare institution.

Methods. From 2011 to 2014, a group of clinical pharmacologists developed and implemented a monitoring program for the use of antibacterial agents using the ATC/DDD and ABC/VEN methodology in SBIH Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Burdenko. Hospital doctors were trained in the principles of rational use of drugs and antibiotics as part of continuing education in clinical pharmacology using monitoring results analysis of the costs and consumption of antibacterial agents.

Results. Over the four years of monitoring and three years of educational activities, the most pronounced changes have occurred in the use of fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides and carbapenems. Fluoroquinolones consumption reduced 2 times, and it cost of purchase reduced 6 times (of total). Aminoglycosides consumption increased 3 times, primarily due to amikacin 5 times consumption increase. Macrolides consumption reduced 3 times, primarily due to clarithromycin decrease in consumption. At the same time, the antibacterial agents of the cephalosporin group leading in consumption, with their cost had decreased 2-fold. However, carbapenems consumption increased 3 times, with their costs increase 7 times.

Conclusion. Over the three years of the program, expenses and consumption of antibacterial agents of the fluoroquinolone and macrolide group were reduced, with an increase in the consumption of aminoglycosides and carbapenems without changes in the consumption of cephalosporins; costs of cephalosporins and carbapenems led to an increase in overall antibiotic costs; further efforts and studies are needed to study the use of antibacterial agents.