bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Butterworth digital filter using Python libraries
Authors: Pirogov A.A. , Akishkin R.M. , Goncharenko I.V. , Syomka E.V. , Turetskaya E.V.
Published: November 2023

Formulation of the problem. In digital signal processing, noise refers to unwanted or random elements of a signal that can distort or corrupt its information content. Such noise can arise from various sources, including electromagnetic interference, thermal noise, quantization errors, and degradation of the transmission channel. It is necessary to deal with noise in a digital signal, as it can degrade the quality and reliability of the signal, lead to errors, distortions and loss of information. Moreover, noise can limit the performance of many digital signal processing systems, such as communications and audio processing systems. Therefore, various methods and algorithms have been developed to reduce noise and improve the quality of digital signals, the main of which is filtering. Target. Increasing the efficiency of digital signal processing systems using filters that allow you to programmatically change the signal filtering parameters. Development of a signal processing system in the Python programming language that implements the Butterworth digital filter algorithm. Results. The architectures of filters with infinite impulse response (IIR filters), features of the Butterworth filter are considered. A software model of a Butterworth digital filter in the Python programming language has been developed, and its verification has been carried out in relation to an audio file. The work of the model is based on the use of Python libraries such as Matplotlib, SciPy and Librosa, which allow you to implement the required algorithm and get the visualization of the signal. Practical significance. The results obtained can later be used as a module of a programmable universal digital signal processing system.
Technical aspects of the method of providing EMC for mobile communication objects
Authors: Romashchenko M.A. , Konovalov R.G. , Vorobev M.E.
Published: November 2023

The article considers the initial stage of ensuring electromagnetic compatibility in mobile communication objects - the study of the levels of norms of industrial interference in terms of identifying and eliminating the detected inconsistencies. The scheme of sequence of identification and exclusion of sources of radio interference is given. The methods of elimination of exceeding the norms of the levels of industrial radio interference for the transition to the subsequent stages of testing are considered. Recommendations are given in the part of design and technological and schematic features of the process of designing a mobile communication object to minimize the risks of passing tests on electromagnetic compatibility. Methods for eliminating the redundancy of the frequency separations of adjacent radio-electronic means are described. An optimization of a two-stage method for measuring the isolation between antennas is proposed. The implementation of the above recommendations in the design process and the proposed sequence of identifying and eliminating inconsistencies will allow for a minimum time to pass the stage of studying the levels of industrial interference standards with a positive result.
Methodology for choosing the optimal layout of multilayer printed circuit boards taking into account external mechanical influences
Authors: Mosa Al-Araji Zainab Hussam , Bobylkin I.S. , Turetsky A.V. , Pirogova Yu.A. , Khoroshailov R.N.
Published: November 2023

Formulation of the problem. radio-electronic modules on multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB) are characterized by an extremely complex design. When creating such modules, it is necessary to take into account, often extremely contradictory, requirements for the placement of components on the surface, taking into account thermal criteria, requirements for vibration strength and electromagnetic compatibility. Special-purpose radio equipment is often placed in blocks of a "cassette" design, which has a feature in fixing the PCB. Unlike conventional printed circuit boards, in this design, the PCB can only be fixed at the edges, so the placement of components, especially those with a large area, for example, such as microcircuits in BGA, QFP, QFN, PLCC packages, must be given great attention, as this affects mechanical strength and performance of the device. Purpose. Improving the efficiency of the design process of radio-electronic modules by rational placement of components on the PCB of a "cassette" design. Identification of areas with the highest mechanical stresses and deflections. Results. It was found that on the PCB of a "cassette" design, when it is fixed only around the perimeter, there are areas with increased deflections, where the installation of components with a large area is undesirable, since this leads to the destruction of the solder joint and the failure of the device. The board can be conditionally divided into nine areas with an aspect ratio of a/4 and b/4, where a, b are the length and width of the board. Experimentally, the most loaded areas of the MPP and areas that have the least impact on the component during external vibration were identified. Practical significance. A method for placing components on the PCB of a "cassette" design is proposed, which makes it possible to reduce the negative effects of external vibrations and static loads.
Analysis of MIMO methods for 5G and subsequent technologies: advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Sviridova I.V. , Khoroshailov R.N. , Lyalin D.V.
Published: November 2023

Formulation of the problem. The global bandwidth shortage in the wireless communications sector has prompted the study and research of wireless access technology, known as mass Multiple Input/output (MIMO) technology. Mass MIMO is one of the key technologies for next-generation networks, which combines antennas in both the transmitter and receiver to provide high spectral and energy efficiency using relatively simple processing. Gaining a better understanding of the massive MIMO system to overcome the fundamental challenges of this technology is vital for the successful deployment of 5G and higher networks to implement various intelligent sensor system applications. Thus, in this paper, fully digital, analog and hybrid structures are analyzed and the method of multilevel massive MIMO transmission is described in detail. Purpose. Analysis of the main technologies needed to meet the demand for data transmission expected for 5G and 6G networks, with the allocation of transmission methods necessary for the mass implementation of MIMO. Practical significance. Evaluation of the MIMO system bandwidth, hardware and computational complexity, as well as energy efficiency, it is shown that massive MIMO circuits can rely on asymptotic linear independence when designing signal processing, given the large number of antennas used. Classical MIMO methods are not able to meet the technical requirements, so hybrid architectures use a combination of analog and digital areas to use the spatial resolution provided by a large number of antenna elements, but at the same time the number of energy-consuming and expensive radio frequency circuits remains within reasonable limits, and computational complexity is controlled. It becomes clear that there is no single structure/algorithm that would provide the best compromise between complexity and performance in all possible scenarios, rather, there is a need to adapt them to the characteristics of the application and channel when designing the system. As for optimizing the energy efficiency of the RF power supply, this is achievable using solutions such as multilayer massive MIMO.
Adaptive DLMS equalizer based on modern FPGA
Authors: Grigoryev I.A. , Larionova A.V.
Published: November 2023

A simple and effective way to implement adaptive equalization schemes in digital communication systems is to implement them on general-purpose microcontrollers. However, increasing the order of the equalizer, which leads to increase the time to obtain the output sample, at the same time leads to decreasing maximum allowable symbol rate. It makes the implementation based on microcontrollers impractical for use in modern high-speed communication protocols. A more suitable computing platform for implementing LMS algorithms is FPGA, where there is no dependence of output sample obtaining time on equalizer order. In order to derive the error signal at the equalizer output from the last (actual) output sample, the estimation of the error signal in the FPGA is required to occur during the same clock period as the calculation of the output signal sample. Trying to fit all the necessary operations into one clock period leads to decrease maximum allowable clock frequency and inefficient using of computing resources within the FPGA. The solving of this problem is to use the Delayed LMS (DLMS) algorithm, invented in the late 80s. The essence of DLMS algorithm is to pipeline both the blocks for calculating the equalizer coefficients and the output samples. The meaning of pipelining is to install synchronous delay elements (D-flip-flops) between the elements of combinatorial logic, which makes it possible to increase the clock and symbol frequency of the equalized signal. The disadvantage of this method is the presence of the synchronous delay of several clock cycles and, as consequence, using of irrelevant error signal for updating coefficients. Retiming procedure is used to optimally distribute synchronous delays to maximize system clock frequency. This article describes the DLMS equalizer and shows the effectiveness of DLMS algorithms implementation on FPGA. The effectiveness of algorithms, which have been used for the retiming procedure is shown. Diagrams of BER(SNR) and BER (Doppler frequency shift) of LMS and DLMS equalization circuits are presented. Obtained results facilitate transfer of demodulator circuit of existing modem from the Zynq microcontroller part built into the Xilinx XC7Z020 FPGA to its programmable logic part in order to increase the performance of the modem receiver to solve current and future challenges.
O ENSINO UNIVERSITÁRIO ANTE A PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO EM NIETZSCHE E ROUSSEAU
Authors: Souza Márcia Figueiredo de , Souza Adriana Figueiredo de , Barbosa Nailza da Costa
Published: November 2023

O ensino universitário sofreu diversas alterações significativas desde o século XIX, que influenciaram direta ou indiretamente no devir dos dias de hoje. As mais diversas correntes de pensamento, movimentos, expressões e torrente de idéias filosóficas amoldaram os contextos históricos e o processo educacional contido neste. Vive-se um período conflitante de idéias onde a educação e suas expressões, bem como seu potencial de ação e transformação social, e sua eficiência e efetividade são temas dos mais diversos compêndios de discussão, analise e proposição de mudanças para transformar o ensino nas universidades, tornando-o, de fato, eficiente para produção do saber científico. Este ensaio, como investigação bibliográfica descritiva discute os pensamentos filosóficos de Nietzsche e Rousseau, argumentando a partir destes discursos, o limiar do conhecimento ao ensino universitário atual, em outra perspectiva de educação, uma nova forma de percepção do ensino e mediação para resultar no alcance sublimal do conhecimento e produção de saber.

Palavras-chave: Educação. Filosofia. Ensino Universitário.
TENDÊNCIA E FLUTUAÇÕES DE CICLOS ECONÔMICOS DA INFLAÇÃO PELA TÉCNICA DE WAVELETS
Authors: Vilani Maricéia Tatiana , França Marcos Tetuliano de , Costa Ademir Patrício da
Published: November 2023

A Inflação pode ser analisada ou medida pelo Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo, que representa o aumento de preços dos produtos num determinado país ou região, durante um período. Tais índices afetam diretamente a economia do país, trazendo riscos para empreendedores, empresários e investidores de todos os setores econômicos do Brasil. Dessa forma realizou-se uma análise mensal do índice de preços ao consumidor do Brasil, no período de 4 anos consecutivos. Partindo dessa premissa, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo, analisar o índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA) pela Técnica de Wavelets. Na metodologia simulou-se as Wavelets de Morlet, verificando sua tendência e Periodicidade (Flutuações de ciclos econômicos) ao longo do período. Verificou-se que as Wavelets retratam adequadamente a tendência espacial e temporal, pelo espectro de energia, com periodicidades dominantes de flutuações de ciclos econômicos da Inflação entre 2 e 4 meses, proporcionando informações úteis e estratégicas para os vários setores da economia do País
Management Skills of Department Heads in Relation to Employees Work Performance
Authors: Tiauzon Merry Jean , Moyani Jr. Gregorio , Bautista Mylene , Maguate Guarin
Published: November 2023

The management skills of department heads play a vital role in determining employees' work performance. Department heads are expected to possess good qualities of manager and to deal effectively and efficiently require special skills which make the manager successful in their task. The department heads with high levels of management skills are also likely to have high levels of self-worth and self-esteem, which can impact every area of their lives, from relationships to employment and work performance. The study investigated the management skills of department heads in relations to employees' work performance of permanent regular casual employees of Local Government Unit of Negros Occidental during the fiscal years 2020. The design of this research is a descriptive study using a questionnaire as the research instrument. A total of 225 permanent and casual employee were involved as respondents in this study. The variables considered were age, sex, and highest educational attainment. The findings showed that the department heads' level of management skills is all at a very high level. The employees' work performance level during the fiscal year 2020 was interpreted as very satisfactory based on their OPCRF. The findings also showed that there was no significant difference in the department heads' level of management when grouped and compared according to sex and highest educational attainment. However, results showed a significant difference in variables age. A significant difference in the employees’ level of work performance when grouped and compared according to age and highest educational attainment, while sex showed no significant difference.Department Heads seem to be the most operational tool in influencing people, so they strive willingly and enthusiastically towards the accomplishment of goals in the department. Department heads design motivation systems to encourage employees to perform most effectively and draw potential candidates for promotion.
Preparation of PLGA-PEG/Hydroxyapatite Composites via Simple Methodology of Film Formation and Assessment of Their Structural, Thermal, and Biological Features
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Fatih , ÖZARSLAN Ali Can
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to develop polymeric composite films suitable for applications in the field of bone tissue engineering. The preparation of PLGA-PEG/HAP composite films was achieved using a simple methodology, including mixing, sonication, and casting-drying stages. Characterization analyses, including FTIR, SEM, TGA-DSC, and XRD, were conducted to assess the properties of the composite films. The results showed that the PEG polymer decreased the glass transition temperature of the composite, while the HAP did not change. Further, weight remaining (%) values of HAP, PLGA-PEG, and PLGA-PEG/HAP were found as 94.04, 88.28, and 90.57, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that HAP improves the thermal stability of PLGA-PEG. The outcomes of the analysis, encompassing the evaluation of physical, morphological, and thermal properties, demonstrate that the composite structure comprising PLGA and PEG polymers along with HAP ceramic material may attain the intended quality. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy was employed to visualize the interaction between cells and the composite films following DAPI staining to evaluate cell adhesion and proliferation on the PLGA-PEG/HAP composite films. PLGA-PEG/HAP composite films have no adverse effects on cells, such as toxicity, and they have also exhibited a favorable influence on cell proliferation, supporting an augmentation in cellular growth and adhesion. Overall, the results indicate that the synthesized PLGA-PEG/HAP composite films may hold the potential to serve as a promising candidate for applications in the field of bone tissue engineering.
How Has Therapeutic Recreation Supported Adults Living with Complex Disabilities? A Scoping Review on Recreation Therapy Practices across Service Settings
Authors: Ausman Christine , Cripps Lauren C. , Erdos Meghan , Levack Vicky , Maltais Serena , Manuel Cassandra , Phillips Carol , Moore Sarah A.
Published: November 2023

Persons living with complex disabilities may require support with activities of daily living to support their health and well-being, and leisure engagement is no exception. Recreation therapists can support individuals living with complex disabilities to live a higher quality of life. Unfortunately, there is limited understanding regarding the role of recreation therapy (RecT) in the care of individuals living with complex disabilities due to individualized client needs and the wide range of possible supports within the RecT scope of practice. This scoping review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of RecT with individuals living with complex disabilities across a variety of service settings. We searched seven electronic databases for articles that described the role of RecT in the care of people with complex disabilities since 2006. Two reviewers conducted title, abstract, and full-text screening, as well as forward, backward, and reference list citation searches. We analysed the findings using a narrative synthesis approach due to the heterogeneity of the included articles. Searches yielded 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria. These articles described RecT services across different settings (e.g., no defined setting, living with family or in group home, or living in institution/facility). A CTRS or CTRS/L was identified in one-third of the articles, while other articles described the presence of a therapeutic recreation specialist/professional or recreation therapist. One-third of the articles reported the use of one or more formal or standardized assessments. Nine articles reported a specific intervention, with the most common intervention type being related to fitness and sport (6 articles). Nine articles also reported patient/client outcomes, including outcomes related to emotional wellness (6 articles), physical health (5 articles), social outcomes (4 articles), autonomy and independence (3 articles), and community integration or inclusion (2 articles). This review discusses the role of RecT in supporting persons with complex disabilities. There is a need to explore and expand RecT delivery options to support people living with complex disabilities. While there seems to be evidence on the benefits of RecT for this population, there is limited literature available in some service settings (e.g., group home settings) which should be explored in future studies.
Evaluation of a pressure sensing glow plug in terms of its application possibility to control the combustion process of a hydrogen-powered spark-ignition engine
Authors: Noga Marcin , Moskal Tomasz
Published: November 2023

The article contains the results of an analysis of the suitability of a pressure sensing glow plug for use in a hydrogen engine control system. Due to the properties of hydrogen, the process of its combustion in spark-ignition engines is significantly different from the classic fuels. It is planned to use the pressure sensor signal to control the combustion process to obtain high power and efficiency, with the lowest possible emission of nitrogen oxides, which is the main harmful component of hydrogen engines. After an initial assessment of suitability, it was decided to use a pressure sensing glow plug. This choice is dictated by the low price, good availability and high durability of these sensors. The preliminary tests were carried out using a low-power single-cylinder SI engine coupled with a 48V generator. The tests were carried out for several values of engine speed and load of the generator and for classic gasoline with a research octane number (RON) of 95. In order to obtain an increased pressure rise rate in the cylinder, as for hydrogen fueling, the engine operation was also tested with unmodified light gasoline used as solvent, which is characterized by a significantly lower RON value. The use of a reference pressure sensor in the cylinder made it possible to determine the behavior of the PSG in various operating conditions. The tests revealed that the differences in the pressure waveforms registered with both sensors can be systematized depending on the engine speed and its load.
EL CONTROL DE LAS REFORMAS CONSTITUCIONALES EN COLOMBIA: RETOS Y OPORTUNIDADES EN LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DEMOCRÁTICA
Authors:   Universidad de Valladolid, Palacios Valencia Yennesit , Cruz Mahecha Diego Enrique , Valencia-Jiménez Walter Gerardo
Published: November 2023

In this text, we seek to present in a dynamic manner, the way in which constitutional control, which is exercised by the Constitutional Court in Co- lombia, with regard to constitutional reforms, demarcating the complexity and non-uniformity with which the controls have been generated, causing the law to change by virtue of the content of these decisions. Likewise, a finding was established, relevant for those interested in constitutional issues, related to the assessment of the strategies established by the constituent, in order to maintain the integrity and stabilization of the Constitution, in the case of re-election. presidential in Colombia
Hüseyin Azmî Dede ve “Sâz u Terâneye Dair” Adlı Risâlesi
Authors: GÜVEN Abdullah Muaz
Published: November 2023

XIX. yüzyıl Osmanlı mutasavvıflarından Hüseyin Azmî Dede; kelâm, fıkıh, tasavvuf ve dinler tarihi gibi farklı alanlarda eserler kaleme almış bir zâttır. Mevlevîliğe müntesip bir ailede dünyaya gelen Azmî Dede, dokuz yaşında başladığı meşihat vazifesini ömrünün son günlerine kadar yerine getirmiştir. Bu makalede Hüseyin Azmî Dede’nin Sâz u Terâneye Dâir adlı risâlesi ele alınmaktadır. Müellifin hayatına ve eserlerine değinen biyografi kaynaklarında ve akademik çalışmalarda kayda geçmeyen bu risâle, Hüseyin Azmî Dede’nin müzik ve çeşitli oyunlar hakkındaki görüşlerini ihtiva etmektedir. Bu araştırmada müellifin hayatına, ilmî ve edebî kişiliğine dair değerlendirmelerin akabinde eserle ilgili analizlere yer verilmiştir. Makalenin sonunda eserin transkripsiyonlu metni ve orijinal hâli bulunmaktadır. Sâz u Terâneye Dâir adlı risâlede mûsikînin İslam dini açısından hükmüne dair kanaatler paylaşılmıştır. Hüseyin Azmî Dede mûsikînin caiz oluşuna dair kanaatlerini “lehv” kavramı üzerine inşa eder. Mizaç farklılıkları, enstrüman çalmanın hükmü ve dinî hükümlerin dönem şartlarına göre yorumlanması mûsikî konusunda değindiği hususlardandır. Bu içeriğiyle risâle, Osmanlı dönemindeki mûsikî tartışmalarını ele alan eserler dizisine eklenebilir.
Assessing the Effects of Extreme Rainfall Patterns and their Impact on Dam Safety: A Case Study on Indian Dam Failures
Authors: Roulo Dinesh , Subbarao Pichuka
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impacts of extreme rainfall variations on dam safety, focusing on six Dam Failure (DF) events in India: Tigra, Khadakwasla, Pagara, Machu-2, Koyana, and Kaddem. Daily gridded rainfall data is obtained from the India Meteorological Department, and the Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method is used to get location-specific daily rainfall data. The severity of extreme rainfall events on dam safety is highlighted by computing the average and accumulated rainfall (ACR) for 5, 10 and 15 days prior to the date of DF. Shockingly, the magnitude of 15 days ACR prior to DF exceeds 50% of the normal annual rainfall of most of the study locations. This unexpected situation may put tremendous pressure on the dams and eventually lead to their failure. Further, the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) is computed at each dam location for every 30-year horizon starting from 1911. It is observed that the maximum PMP is noticed during the horizon of DF. Next, the Efficiency Factor (EF) is calculated to check the severity of rainfall prior to the DF. The annual EF values are computed, and the maximum EF value over 30 years (used to compute the normal annual rainfall) indicates the extreme most rainy day. The EF values > 0.90 indicates a great threat to the dam. The study established a robust correlation between dam failures and heavy rainfall preceding them. Some dams, like Machu-2 and Kaddem, experienced clear rainfall peaks on the day of collapse, indicating severe rainfall as the primary cause. Others, such as Tigra, Khadakwasla, and Pagara, exhibited continuous rainfall for 5 to 10 days is the principal cause of failure. The percentage of accumulated rainfall contributed nearly or more than 75% over 5 days at Pagara, Machu-2, Kaddem, and 10-days at Tigra, Khadakwasla; these resulted in the flash flood. However, EF values for Tigra, Khadakwasla, Pagara, Machu-2, and Kaddem still suggest the potential for severe rainfall events. These findings are of significant relevance to professionals in the field of dam engineering, offering a comprehensive understanding of how extreme rainfall events can impact dam failures and provides valuable insights into rainfall patterns and their implications for dam safety.
Dissociation as a Mediator of Interpersonal Trauma and Depression: Adulthood versus Childhood Interpersonal Traumas
Authors: Shim Seungyun , Kim Daeho , Kim Eunkyung
Published: November 2023

Extensive research has established that interpersonal trauma is related to depression and dissociation severity. Extending prior research, this study found that childhood and adulthood interpersonal traumas in childhood and adulthood are related to depressive symptoms, examining the role of the dissociative process as a mediator. Two hundred eighty-nine adult participants retrospectively reported on traumatic experiences and current symptoms of dissociation and depression. Indicating that both childhood and adulthood interpersonal traumas are related to the severity of depression. However, childhood interpersonal trauma is associated with a higher level of dissociative symptoms. Moreover, dissociation mediates the effects of childhood interpersonal trauma on depression, but not adulthood interpersonal trauma. In conclusion, the current study emphasizes the significance of dissociation in depression development and maintenance, especially in patients who experienced childhood interpersonal trauma. These findings underscore that developing an intervention targeting dissociation is important for preventing retrospective depression, especially for victims of childhood interpersonal trauma.
Exploring the influencing factors and facilitating strategies of self-directed learning competence: a multicenter qualitative study from the perspective of medical trainees
Authors: Du Xiangyu , Du Jiayi , Yin Zhao , Jiang Li
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The exploration of influencing factors and promotion strategies for self-directed learning (SDL) is a current research hotspot, however, there is a dearth of relevant research for medical trainees. The present study aimed to explore the medical trainees' perceptions of SDL, associated multidimensional factors, and potential facilitating strategies from their perspective.
Methods: This was a multicenter qualitative study conducted using focus group discussions. Medical trainees from three representative large tertiary hospitals in mainland China were invited as participants in the study. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data generated by the discussion. Nvivo 12 was used for data management and processing.
Results: A total of four focus group discussions were conducted with the involvement of 17 medical trainees. After examining the focus group data, three themes were summarized: 1) Perceptions of SDL among medical trainees; 2) Multidimensional factors affecting SDL among medical trainees; and 3) Potential enhancement strategies.
Conclusion: Medical trainees in mainland China have inadequate SDL competence; however, they recognize the importance of SDL and desire to improve SDL competence. Factors affecting medical trainees' SDL competence are multidimensional, and targeted intervention strategies should be developed.
Bearing Faults Diagnosis Based on EEMD and Probability Density Analysis
Authors: Liu Xiangyang , Xu Zhangliang
Published: November 2023

In order to achieve high-precision detection of bearings under different working conditions, this paper proposes a bearing fault diagnosis method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and probability density analysis. The time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of different bearing fault signals are analyzed. The kurtosis factor is selected to characterize bearing condition. The original vibration signal is decomposed into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMF) by the EEMD algorithm, and each IMF component contains local feature information of the original signal at different time scales. The time-domain fault characteristics are extracted by calculating the kurtosis factor of each IMF component and doing probability density analysis. The frequency-domain fault characteristics are extracted by performing Fourier Transform and Hilbert transform on IMF. This paper uses the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing dataset for simulation analysis, as well as field test data for validation. The experimental results show that the diagnostic method proposed in this paper achieves 99.62% accuracy for CWRU bearing data set and 99.2% accuracy for field test data collected by the acceleration sensor.
Oxidative and colloidal kinetics of size controlled copper structures through surface plasmon regulated examinations for broadband absorbance
Authors: Indhu A. R. , Dharmalingam Gnanaprakash
Published: November 2023

Out of all the candidate plasmonic metals, copper has noteworthy optical characteristics and is also economically favourable for use. However, the stability of plasmonic copper nanomaterials against the loss of the plasmonic property is a setback. The present work is on the synthesis of oxidation-stable copper micro/nanoparticles (CuMps/NPs) at ambient conditions with chosen precursors, antioxidizing agents, polymeric capping agents and chelating ligands. The Surface Plasmon Response (SPR) response of the synthesized Cu structures and their morphological analyses are studied. The refined XRD data were subjected to a detailed structural investigation over fundamental aspects such as crystallite sizes, distortion and dislocation densities. We present herein micro/nanostructures of oxidation-stable plasmonic Cu. The validation of the aggregation and oxidation stabilities of the different synthesized samples make them a worthy choice for multiple plasmonic applications, along with showing the synthesis protocols as viable approaches for achieving such structures with a markedly increased shelf life.
WITHDRAWN: Liver isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFKL)-Mediated Hypoxic Preconditioned Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Cardiac Arrest-Induced Pyroptosis in Rat Cortical Neurons by Protecting Mitochondrial Function from Oxidative Damage
Authors: Tang Xiahong , Zheng Nan , Gong Zheng , You Yan , Lin Qingming , Zhuang Yangping , Wu Jiali , Wang Yu , Huang Hanlin , Chen Feng , Ke Jun
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Cardiac arrest (CA) often leads to severe neurological dysfunction due to inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) neurological damage. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show promise for neurological diseases, but optimizing their therapeutic potential and neuroregulation post-CA remains unclear.
Methods: We established an in vitro co-culture model with BMSCs and post-oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) primary neurons, confirming that hypoxic preconditioning enhances BMSCs' resistance to neuronal pyroptosis. We induced an 8-minute CA model through asphyxia induction and assessed hypoxic preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HP-BMSCs) on post-resuscitation neuronal mitochondrial oxidative stress and pyroptosis using neurological deficit scores (NDS), brain tissue oxidative stress markers, apoptosis-related proteins, mitochondrial area, and damage markers. Mechanistic studies knocked down PFKL expression in HP-BMSCs via si-RNA, verifying potential mechanisms in animals and cells.
Results: Hypoxic preconditioning boosted BMSCs' neuroprotective effect against neuronal pyroptosis, possibly through MAPK and NF-κB pathway inhibition. Consequently, we pursued HP-BMSCs as a neuroprotection strategy, with RNA sequencing suggesting liver isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFKL) as a regulatory molecule. HP-BMSCs significantly reduced neuronal pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage induced by CA. This manifested as improved oxidative stress markers, decreased apoptosis-related protein levels, enhanced cell membrane and mitochondrial structures, and reduced mitochondrial damage markers. Transfection of PFKL-targeted si-RNA into HP-BMSCs weakened their protective effects. We also established an in vitro co-culture model to confirm HP-BMSCs' role in improving neuronal energy metabolism following OGD. HP-BMSCs lowered apoptosis-related protein levels and mitochondrial damage markers in primary neurons. Intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels dropped, as detected by DCFH-DA and MitoSOX probes. Notably, knocking down PFKL expression in HP-BMSCs reversed these protective effects.
Conclusion: In conclusion, HP-BMSCs offer a promising therapeutic approach for brain injury post-CA by reducing cell pyroptosis mediated by mitochondrial ROS, potentially linked to elevated PFKL expression following hypoxic preconditioning.
Notch signaling pathway promotes invasion of ameloblastoma by regulating E-cadherin via cyclinD1
Authors: Gabiyatu Baoyinbatu , Li Wenchao , Amuersana Wurihan , Tian Yuan , Li Senhao , Tsagaankhuu Sarnai , lidao Bao , Boldbaatar Damdindorj
Published: November 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of the Notch signaling pathway on the invasion of Ameloblastoma (AM) and its influence on the expression of cyclinD1 protein. AM cells and dental follicle (DF) cells were cultured in vitro. The proliferation activity of two cells were measured using the CCK8. The invasive ability of cells were assessed using the Transwell chamber. A comparison was made between the proliferation and invasion abilities of two cells. The protein expression of cyclinD1, E-cadherin, and Snail was detected using Western Blot. The Notch signaling pathway was blocked using the Notch inhibitor FLI-06.The comparison of proliferation and invasion abilities between two cells were higher than control group cells.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The Notch inhibitor on the invasive ability of AM cells is significantly lower than control group. The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After intervention with FLI-06, the protein expression of CDK 1, cyclinD1, and Snail in AM cells showed a significant downregulation, while the protein expression of E-cadherin showed a significant upregulation.The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role Notch signaling pathway promotes invasion ofAM by regulating E-cadherin via cyclinD1.
Crystal Growth and Characterization of Single Crystals of Glycine doped with Ammonium Bicarbonate (GABIC) Crystal
Authors: Jayachithra M. , Meena M. , Sundararajan R. S. , Shalini M. , Girisun T. C. Sabari , Manikandan E.
Published: November 2023

At room temperature, a suitable conventional technique is used in the formation of a semi-organic single crystal of glycine that had been combined with ammonium bicarbonate (GABIC). Spectroscopic analysis is used to study the generated single crystal of ammonium bicarbonate complexed glycine. Based on the results of single crystal X-ray diffraction examinations, the monoclinic system is determined. The FT-IR spectral research was the method that led to the identification of the many functional groups that are presented in GABIC. Both the UV-visible spectrum and the fluorescence spectrum provide information on the optical and electrical characteristics of the formed crystal, respectively. The optical band gap has been calculated to be 4.49 eV after taking into account the UV absorption curve. A number of optical parameters, such as the extinction coefficient and the reflectance, were also measured and calculated. Vickers microhardness experiments were used to determine the mechanical stability of the generated crystal, and the results showed that the crystal clearly belonged to the soft material group. In order to quantify the material's hardness number (Hv), Meyer's index (n), yield strength (σy), elastic stiffness constant (C11), brittle index (Bi), and fracture toughness (Kc) a Vickers microhardness test was performed on one of the as-grown hard crystals (Hv). Constant frequency measurements of the formed crystal's dielectric constant and dielectric loss were taken. By using a scanning electron microscope, we were able to figure out the morphology of the material's surface. The Nd: YAG laser has been used to assess the damage threshold energy required to cause permanent damage (1064 nm). With the use of the open aperture Z-scan method (Nd: YAG, 532 nm, 9 ns), we are able to determine that the nonlinearity coefficient (β) is 0.95 1010 m/W, which is the outcome of an effective two-photon absorption phenomena. With a fluence threshold of 3.26 1012 W/m2, the GABIC's consequent optical limiting characteristic makes it a promising option for use in optical limiting devices. The creation of GABIC was shown by these experiments, and Glycine was found to be a critical factor in the observed modifications to the crystals' spectral, optical, and mechanical characteristics.
Research on Network Ideology Risk Modeling and Governance Strategy in Big Data Environment
Authors: Yin Laiye , Hu Bangning , Yan Zeng
Published: November 2023

With the rapid development of computer network technology and the improvement of social information, computer network plays an increasingly important role in the fields of politics, economy, military and life. Network ideology security is facing new risks and challenges under the big data environment, which also provides new solutions for network ideology risk management. In the big data environment, network ideology security faces three risks: subject, information and environment. Using the hierarchical holographic modeling method, we deconstruct the subject, information and environment layer by layer, and build a three-level index framework of network ideology risk This paper combines network social governance with the era of big data, constructs the framework of network social governance under the influence of big data, and based on this framework, puts forward the optimization path of network social governance under the influence of big data, which broadens the research dimension of traditional network social governance path .The lr-nsrpm method proposed in this paper uses logic language to describe network system parameters, which reduces the CPU and ram utilization by 21.65% compared with the existing working methods .Construct the risk framework of network ideology, identify observable risk indicators, quantify and rate the indicators, and conclude that the value orientation, information content, information literacy and emotional stability of Internet users are high-risk indicators of network ideology.
Correction of temperature effects in dielectric response tests in power transformers using artificial intelligence
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Amidedin
Published: November 2023

Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC) and Frequency Domain Spectroscopy (FDS) measurements are common dielectric response tests in time and frequency domain that are widely used to diagnosis insulation status in power transformer companies. Numerous factors affect the PDC and FDS test results, which the most important of them is temperature variation. To accurately interpret the results of the dielectric response, the effect of temperature on the results in time and frequency domains, must be corrected in order to make a proper assessment of the condition of the insulation system. In this paper, by using the correlation between the dielectric response results in time and frequency domain, the temperature effect in the PDC test results is corrected with the help of the temperature correction in FDS results.
Bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification of NLRX1 as a prognostic factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Lu , Gan Lanlan , Sun Chen , Chu Alan , Yang Menglin , Liu Zongwen
Published: November 2023

Background
NOD-like receptor X1 (NLRX1), a member of the nucleotide binding and oligomeric domain (NOD) like receptor (NLR) family, is connected to the physiological and pathological processes of inflammation, autophagy, immunity, metabolism, and mitochondrial regulation. It has been discovered to have pro- or anti-tumor effects in various tumor types. However, the biological function of NLRX1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still unknown.
Methods
Using bioinformatics methods, the differential expression of NLRX1 at the mRNA level was examined. OS analysis, clinical correlation analysis, ROC analysis, Cox analysis, coexpression analysis, enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis were carried out. A nomogram and calibration curve were constructed. Investigating changes in protein expression levels using IHC and WB, assessing the impact on proliferation using CCK-8 assays, examining migration using scratch healing assays, examining migration and invasion using transwell assays, and analyzing apoptosis using fluorescence and flow cytometry.
Results
Compared to normal tissue adjacent to cancer, NLRX1 is low expressed in ESCC, and patients with low NLRX1 expression have a shorter survival period. NLRX1 is an independent prognostic factor for ESCC and is connected to tumor grading. The low NLRX1 group showed a decrease in NK cells activated, Monocytes, and Macrophages M0 infiltration, and these immune cell infiltration levels were positively correlated with NLRX1 expression. Knocking down NLRX1 promotes the growth and development of KYSE450 cells, while overexpression of NLRX1 inhibits the growth and development of ECA109 cells. NLRX1 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway in ESCC.
Conclusions
Through several mechanisms, NLRX1 suppresses tumor growth in ESCC. This offers a fresh viewpoint for investigating the causes and progression of ESCC as well as for searching for more potent therapeutic approaches.
Impairment of cerebral vascular reactivity and resting blood flow in early-staged transgenic AD mice: in vivo optical imaging studies
Authors: Jeong Hyomin , Pan Yingtian , Akhter Firoz , Volkow Nora D. , Zhu Donghui , Du Congwu
Published: November 2023

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive cognitive decline in aging individuals that poses a significant challenge to patients due to an incomplete understanding of its etiology and lack of effective interventions. While “the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis,” the abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β in the brain, has been the most prevalent theory for AD, mounting evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that defects in cerebral vessels and hypoperfusion appear prior to other pathological manifestations and might contribute to AD, leading to “the Vascular Hypothesis.” However, assessment of structural and functional integrity of the cerebral vasculature in vivo in the brain from AD rodent models has been challenging owing to the limited spatiotemporal resolution of conventional imaging technologies.
Methods
We employed two in vivo imaging technologies, i.e., Dual-Wavelength Imaging (DWI) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), to evaluate cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR; responsiveness of blood vessels to vasoconstriction as triggered by cocaine) in a relatively large field of view of the cortex in vivo, and 3D quantitative cerebrovascular blood flow (CBF) imaging in living transgenic AD mice at single vessel resolution.
Results
Our results showed significantly impaired CVR and reduced CBF in basal state in transgenic AD mice compared to non-transgenic littermates in an early stage of AD progression. Changes in total hemoglobin (Δ[HbT]) in response to vasoconstriction were significantly attenuated in AD mice, especially in arteries and tissue, and the recovery time of Δ[HbT] after vasoconstriction was shorter for AD than WT in all types of vessels and cortical tissue, thereby indicating hypoperfusion and reduced vascular flexibility. Additionally, our 3D OCT images revealed that CBF velocities in arteries were slower and that the microvascular network was severely disrupted in the brain of AD mice.
Conclusions
These results suggest significant vascular impairment in basal CBF and dynamic CVR in the neurovascular network in a rodent model of AD at an early stage of the disease. These cutting-edge in vivo optical imaging tools offer an innovative venue for detecting early neurovascular dysfunction in relation to AD pathology and pave the way for clinical translation of early diagnosis and elucidation of AD pathogenesis in the future.
Research on Chemical Intermediates Spectral, Density functional theory calculations, molecular docking studies, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities of the novel (E)-2-(3-(5-(3-nitrophenyl)furan-2- yl)acryloyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one
Authors: Ahamed J. Irshad , Presley S. I. Davis , Babu Venkatadri , .s Jayachitra
Published: November 2023

The title molecule (E)-2-(3-(5-(3-nitrophenyl)furan-2-yl)acryloyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (ENFADH) was completed by combining aromatic aldehydes with methyl ketones using Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The NMR, FTIR, and UV-visible investigations were used to characterize the novel chalcones. To determine the geometric, electronic, spectroscopic features, a theoretical model was also built using Gaussian 09 supporting basis set of B3LYP/6-311 + + G (d,p) as well as this basis set was used to performed the geometry optimization, harmonic vibration simulations, molecule electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), and Mulliken's population analysis. A scaling factor of 0.9600 results in a attractive correspondence between the title compound vibrational spectrum and the experimental IR spectrum. In this innovative effort of this synthesized molecule gives more in-vitro research, such as anti-oxidant, antibacterial and antidiabetic tests were conducted. It revealed significant bactericidal activity with a maximum zone of inhibition of (19.0 ± 1.7mm) at 2.5 g/ml against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), presented maximum DPPH scavenging trait ranging from (30.8 ± 1.3% to 81.2 ± 1.5%) against Vitamin C. Likewise, it showed maximum H2O2 scavenging trait ranging from (37.9 ± 2.5% to 75.8 ± 6.4%) against ascorbic acid. In Anti-diabetic activities, it demonstrated α-amylase inhibition of 20.9 ± 2.4to 73.5 ± 2.3% and α-glucosidase inhibition by display activity of (23.3 ± 1.5 to 79.7 ± 1.2 U/L). In-silico molecular docking investigates using Auto Dock 4.0 showed the active pocket of the 1HD2 protein to estimate genotoxicology. By molecular docking, the title molcule exhibited a higher binding interaction energy of -6.5 (Kcal/mol) against the target 1HD2 protein. The obtained results suggest that the ADME characteristics of the examined drugs were predicted using their retention data (RM0). These early outcomes might be used to help choose new medication candidates and were shown to have no mutagenic effects when tested for toxicity.