bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Pivotal Roles of Light and Ca‐Doping in Photothermocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Methane on Nanocomposites of Nickel Nanoparticles Loaded on Ca‐Doped Al2O3
Authors: Yu Xiaocui , Cao Huamin , Li Yuanzhi , Hu Qianqian , Wu Jichun , Zhong Mengqi , Ji Lei , Cui Zhengyan
Published: March 2024

CO2 and CH4 are greenhouse gases that can be converted into H2 and CO through light‐driven photothermocatalytic CO2 reduction with methane (CRM), which is a process of solar energy collection and storage. However, conventional catalysts require high light intensities (≥192.0 kW m−2) to obtain high fuel reaction rates and solar‐to‐fuel efficiency (η), and deactivate easily to coking at high temperature. Herein, a nanomaterial of Ni nanoparticles loaded on Ca‐doped Al2O3 (Ni/Ca–Al2O3) is synthesized. Ca doping improves the CO2 adsorption capacity of Ni/Ca–Al2O3. Under focused ultraviolet–visible–infrared illumination at low light intensity (80.8 kW m−2), Ni/Ca–Al2O3 obtains high production rates of H2 (, 76.85 mmol min−1 g−1) and CO (rCO, 90.90 mmol min−1 g−1), which are 1.9 and 1.3 times of those in the dark respectively, and exhibits a large η (30.3%) and good stability. The coking rate of Ni/Ca–Al2O3 is reduced by a factor of 25.8 compared to the reference catalyst with Ni nanoparticles loaded on Al2O3. The improvement of catalytic activity and anticoking properties stems from the photoactivation, which not only accelerates the CRM on Ni nanoparticles, but also enhances the oxidation of carbon species (produced on Ni nanoparticles) through strong adsorption of CO2 on Ca–Al2O3 at Ni/Ca–Al2O3 interface.
Increasing the sensitivity of Simoa via bead count reduction facilitates the quantification of pTau‐181 in dried plasma spots
Authors: Mohaupt Pablo , Vialaret Jérôme , Hirtz Christophe , Lehmann Sylvain
Published: March 2024

Introduction

The exclusion of affected populations from Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical research limits our understanding of disease heterogeneity and its impact on clinical care. While micro sampling with dried plasma spots (DPS) can promote inclusivity by enabling sample collection in remote areas, current techniques lack the sensitivity required for the quantification of phosphorylated tau at Thr181 (pTau‐181) in DPS extracts.

Methods

We developed an assay for pTau‐181 with reduced bead count and improved bead read efficiency (BRE) using a prototype Simoa instrument. This novel assay's performance was evaluated against standard pTau‐181 assays on two Simoa platforms, and DPS extracts were tested for pTau‐181 quantification feasibility.

Results

The novel assay quantifies pTau‐181 at concentrations up to 16x lower than traditional pTau‐181 assays on HD‐X and SR‐X platforms. DPS extracts tested with our low‐bead assay were quantified considerably above the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), indicating the suitability of this assay for future DPS extract measurements.

Discussion

Implementing DPS sampling and pTau‐181 quantification could increase participation from underrepresented groups in AD research. However, additional assay optimization and an in‐depth study of preanalytical sample stability are essential for the transition to clinical applicability.
Synthesis of star PMMA via ARGET ATRP towards application in acrylic bone cements
Authors: Tham Do Quang , Huynh Mai Duc , Dung Nguyen Thi Kim , Van Cong Do , Huyen Lai Thi , Linh Nguyen Thi Dieu , Thai Nguyen Thi , Son Nguyen Anh
Published: March 2024

In this study, we attempted to apply a four‐arm star poly(methyl methacrylate) (4sPMMA) as a prepolymer of acrylic bone cement. The 4sPMMA with viscosity average molecular weight of about 45 kDa was synthesized via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization method using Activators Regenerated by Electron Transfer (ARGET ATRP). In practical use, the fine powder of precipitated 4sPMMA was changed to rigid beads followed by making sheet and pulverizing. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of 4sPMMA beads indicated the star structure of 4sPMMA with bromide end groups (C‐Br). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of 4sPMMA beads showed their random shapes with size in the range of 10‐100 μm, no traces of residual metal catalysts (Cu and Sn) were detected by Energy Dispersive X‐Ray (EDX) analysizer equipped with SEM instrument. Bone cement from 4sPMMA beads had been prepared manually and curing in rectangular and cylindrical molds. The setting characterization results showed that 4sPMMA bone cements exhibited lower maximum temperature (63.9 °C), lower setting temperature (45.6 °C), than those required in ISO 5833:2002. Other properties of 4sPMMA bone cement, such as bending strength, bending modulus and setting time met the requirements of above ISO standard.
Electrochemical performance of hard carbon anode in different carbonate‐based electrolytes
Authors: Kha Le Minh , Thanh Vo Duy , Van Hoang Nguyen , Thang Le Van , Phung Le My Loan
Published: March 2024

The electrolytes of 1 M NaFSI dissolved in various carbonate solvents containing EC, PC and/or DMC have been investigated to find out the most compatible electrolyte composition with hard carbon (HC) anode in Na‐ion batteries (NIBs). The physical properties including viscosity and conductivity were measured to correlate with the electrochemical behaviors of these electrolytes. The Na/HC half‐cell was used for testing the charge/discharge performance of prepared electrolytes at room temperature. This best medium for the solvation of NaFSI salt is the mixture of EC, PC and DMC with the ratio 3:1:1, respectively. Indeed, this electrolyte delivered a highest capacity of 335.6 mAh.g‐1, excellent capacity retention of 73.7 % for 100 cycles.
Dihydrostilbene glycosides and lignan from Camellia sasanqua
Authors: Cuc Nguyen Thi , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Tai Bui Huu , Van Kiem Phan , Thu Vu Kim
Published: March 2024

Three dihydrostilbene glycosides, 3,5‐dihydroxydihydrostilbene 4′‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1), 3,5‐dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), 5,4′‐dihydroxydihydrostilbene 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), and one lignan, nudiposide (4) were isolated from the methanol extract of leaves of Camellia sasanqua Thunb. Their chemical structures were determined by using ESI‐MS and NMR spectra as well as in comparison with the reported data. Compounds 3 and 4 were reported from Camellia genus for the first time.
Isolation of lignans and neolignans from Pouzolzia sanguinea with their cytotoxic activity
Authors: Nhung Le Thi Hong , Anh Nguyen Thi Hoang , Tai Bui Huu , Van Kiem Phan
Published: March 2024

One lignan (7′S,8′R,8S)‐4,4′‐dihydroxy‐3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethoxy‐7′,9‐epoxylignan‐9′‐ol‐7‐one (1) together with four neolignans (7α,8α)‐dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), (7α,8α)‐dihydrodehydro‐diconiferyl alcohol 9′‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), icariside E3 (4), and icariside E5 (5) were isolated from Pouzolzia sanguinea. Their chemical structures were elucidated by ESI‐MS, NMR spectra, as well as in comparison with the data reported in literature. At concentration of 30 μM, compounds 1‐5 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity with cell viability percentages ranging from 59.9±0.98 % to 84.2±0.98 % and from 77.7±0.81 % to 100.3±0.78 % on CAL27 (oral adenosquamous carcinoma cell) and MDA‐MB‐321 (breast cancer cell) cell lines, respectively.
Nitrate, nitrite, and lead contamination in leafy vegetables collected from local market sites of Go Vap district, Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Thang Nguyen Quoc , Tho Nguyen Thi Mai , Phuong Nguyen Thi Kim
Published: March 2024

Lead, nitrate, and nitrite are among the major contaminants of vegetables. These concentrations appraise the quality characteristic of vegetables. Governments and regulators has control the level of nitrate, nitrite, and lead in vegetables to protect the human health. The present study was initiated to investigate the levels of these contaminants in five leafy vegetables in local market (Brassica juncea, Brassica integrifolia, Lactuca sativa, Ipomoea aquatica, and Nasturtium officinale). The vegetable species can be listed by decreasing nitrate content as follows: Lactuca sativa > Nasturtium officinale > Ipomoea aquatica > Brassica integrifolia > Brassica juncea. The nitrite content in leafy vegetables was significantly lower than nitrate content. Among observed vegetables, highest concentration of lead is in Ipomoea aquatica (0.200±0.011 mg/L), whereas lead content in Lactuca sativa and Nasturtium officinale were not detected. In addition, the Pb levels in the leafy vegetables were not correlated with nitrate concentration. Based on the results of our investigation, the approximate daily intake (DI) of NO3–, NO2– and Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) of lead were assessed to human health in consuming the observed leafy vegetables.
Synthesis and Reactions of 1‐cyclopropyl‐1,3‐bis(trimethylsilyloxy)‐1,3‐buatdiene
Authors: Rahn Thomas , Langer Peter
Published: March 2024

A cyclopropyl‐substituted 1,3‐bis(silyl enol ether) was prepared in two steps and subsequently employed in the cyclization with oxalyl chloride to give a cyclopropyl‐carbonyl substituted γ‐alkylidenebutenolide. The cyclization of the 1,3‐bis(silyl enol ether) with 1,3‐dielectrophiles afforded cyclopropyl‐carbonyl substituted phenols. The reactions proceeded with very good regioselectivity.
Combination of photothermia and magnetic hyperthermia properties of Fe3O4@Ag hybrid nanoparticles fabricated by seeded‐growth solvothermal reaction
Authors: Linh Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Tam Le The , Nguyet Ha Minh , Dung Ngo Thanh , Du Nguyen Hoa , Tam Le Thi Thanh , Nam Pham Hong , Vinh Nguyen Dinh , Vuong Nguyen Thien , Quang Ngo Dai , Lu Le Trong
Published: March 2024

In this work, the monodisperse Fe3O4@Ag core‐shell hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 16.0 nm have been successfully fabricated by the seeded‐growth method in the organic solvent. The influence of the molar ratios of AgNO3/OLA on the formation of hybrid NPs has been investigated in detail to find the optimal conditions for the synthesis of the desired Fe3O4@Ag hybrid NPs. The hydrophobic Fe3O4@Ag hybrid NPs were successfully transferred into the water using poly (maleic anhydride‐alt‐1‐octadecene) (PMAO). The PMAO coated Fe3O4@Ag nanoparticles were well dispersed and stable in water over a wide range of pH from 2 to 11 as well as reasonable electrolyte concentration. The Fe3O4@Ag magneto‐plasmonic design can efficiently combine magnetic hyperthermia into an effective bimodal thermo‐therapy.
Acetylcholinesterase sensor based on PANi/rGO film electrochemically grown on screen‐printed electrodes
Authors: Thanh Ly Cong , Nga Dau Thi Ngoc , Lam Nguyen Viet Bao , Do Chung Pham , Nhi Le Thi Thanh , Sinh Le Hoang , Thu Vu Thi , Lam Tran Dai
Published: March 2024

In this work, the polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (PANi/rGO) bilayer was directly electrodeposited on carbon screen‐printed electrodes (SPE). Some details in growth of PANi/rGO bilayer were revealed from cyclic voltammograms and X‐ray photoelectron spectra. The growth of stacked rGO film at high compactness on the electrode surface is mainly accompanied with reduction of epoxy functional groups at basal planes of graphitic flakes. The as‐grown rGO layer with abundent hydroxyl functional groups at basal planes is preferable to attract intrinsic fibrillar‐like PANi polymer chains in protonated aqueous media. The as‐prepared PANi/rGO hybrid bilayer has shown good conductivity, high porosity, good adhesion to biomolecules, and fast electron transfer rate (increased by 3.8 times). Herein, PANi/rGO film has been further utilized to develop disposable acetylcholinesterase sensors able to detect acetylthiocholine (ATCh) with apparent Michaelis ‐ Menten constant of 0.728 mM. These sensors provide a very promising technical solution for in‐situ monitoring acetylthiocholine level in patients with neuro‐diseases and determination of neuro‐toxins such as sarin and pesticides.
Triterpenoids and steroids from the lichen Ramalina peruviana Arch
Authors: Chi Huynh Bui Linh , Linh Nguyen Thi Thuy , Hanh Le Hong , Linh Phan Hoang , Tuyen Pham Nguyen Kim , Phat Nguyen Tan , Tuyet Nguyen Thi Anh
Published: March 2024

Five known triterpenes, β‐amyrone (1), isoarborinol acetate (2), hopane‐6α,22‐diol (3), hopane‐22‐ol (4), hopane‐6α,16β,22‐triol (5), along with two esgostane‐type sterols, 5α,8α‐esgosterol peroxide (6), brassicasterol (7) were isolated from the lichen Ramalina peruviana Ach. (Ramalinaceae). Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with those reported in the literature. Except 2, this is the first time these compounds are reported in Ramalina genus.
Facile synthesis of Sn/SnOx@CMK‐3 composite for standout performance lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Hang Le Thi Thu , Thuy Hoang Thi Bich , Dung Dang Trung
Published: March 2024

To develop new composites as advanced anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, in the present study, we propose a facile technique to synthesize Sn/SnOx@CMK‐3 nanocomposites. The non‐carbonaceous components (two or three phases) present in the Sn‐based composites are probably tuned by changing the exposure duration in the air atmosphere. When being used as an anode for LIBs, the resulted multi‐phase composite, Sn/SnOx@CMK‐3 showed superior electrochemical performances to two‐phase composites such as Sn@CMK‐3 and SnO2@CMK‐3. Because of the synergy effect caused by Sn and SnOx, at a specific current of 100 mAg‐1 the Sn/SnOx@CMK‐3 electrode supplied a high discharge capacity of 702.9 mAhg‐1 after 100 cycles. The facile synthesis technique for Sn/SnOx@CMK‐3 can be considered as a role model for preparing other anode materials for LIBs.
Synthesis of new 3‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2‐phenyl‐2,3 dihydroquinolinone and in‐silico evaluation of COVID‐19 main protease inhibitor
Authors: Nepolraj Amaladoss , Shupeniuk Vasyl I , Sathiyaseelan Manisekar , Prakash Nagamuthu
Published: March 2024

An exclusive approach towards the synthesis of novel 3‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2‐phenyl‐2,3 dihydroquinolin‐4(1H)‐one and it's in‐silico evaluation as inhibitor of COVID‐19 main protease. The one‐pot synthesis of an established procedure Claisen ester condensation reaction was sodium hydride mediated with intramolecular cyclization with solvent free conditions. The structures of the synthesized compound were confirmed by IR, 1H,13C NMR, and EI‐MS spectral studies. Chemo‐informatics study showed that the compound obeyed the Lipinski's rule, PASS, Swiss ADME. Computational docking analysis was performed using PyRx, AutoDock Vina option based on scoring functions. In‐silico molecular docking study results demonstrated Greater binding energy and affinity to the active pocket the N3 binding site of the Coronavirus primary protease.
Iridoids and anthraquinones from the roots of Morinda officinalis
Authors: Anh Vu Thi Phuong , Van Minh Vo , Tuan Vo Chau , Van Khanh Nguyen , Dung Duong Thi , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Van Kiem Phan
Published: March 2024

Three iridoids, asperulosidic acid (1), geniposidic acid (2), and galioside (3) and three anthraquinones, 2‐hydroxymethyl‐3‐hydroxyanthraquinone (4), rubiadin‐1‐methyl ether (5), and anthragallol‐2‐methyl ether (6) were isolated from the methanol extract of the Morinda officinalis leaves. Their chemical structures were elucidated by ESI‐MS, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectra and comparison with the data reported in the literature. Galioside (3) was reported from Morinda genus for the first time.
Copper‐mediated annulation of 2‐aminoacetophenones and 2‐bromopyridines
Authors: Hai Pham Hoang , Nam Phan Thanh Son , Tung Nguyen Thanh
Published: March 2024

A simple, practical method for synthesis of pyrido‐fused quinazolinones is herein developed. Reactions of 2’‐aminoacetophenones and 2‐bromopyridines proceeded in the presence of Cu(OAc)2 catalyst, NaOAc base, TEMPO co‐oxidant, and DMSO solvent. Simple functional groups were compatible with reaction conditions.
A theoretical investigation of the adsorption capacities of HCHO, HCOOH, CH3OH on M4 clusters (M = Au, Pd, Pt)
Authors: Linh Dao Thi Thao , Thuy Phan Thi , Ly Giang Thi Phuong , Cuong Ngo Tuan , Hue Nguyen Thi Minh
Published: March 2024

The absorptive capacity of formaldehyde, formic acid, and methanol on M4 clusters (M = Au, Pd, Pt) has been studied by the Density Functional Theory (DFT) using the B3LYP functional in conjunction with the aug‐cc‐pVTZ basis set for C, H, O atoms and the cc‐pVDZ‐PP basis set for transition metals. Our calculated results indicate that the absorption of three compounds onto Pt4 cluster is the most favorable among M4 clusters and the rank of absorption from most to least ability is Pt4 > Pd4 > Au4. This study is a contribution to the understanding of the interaction between HCHO, HCOOH, CH3OH and some precious metals and orientation for the reaction mechanism determination of these compound's decomposition catalyzed by the transition metal clusters.
Phytochemistry and anti‐inflammatory activity of iridoids from Dolichandrone spathacea collected in the mangrove forest of Phu Loc district, Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam
Authors: Thao Tran Thi Phuong , Chi Nguyen Linh , Luu Nguyen Thi , Dung Nguyen Thi , Van Loc Tran , Van Tuan Nguyen , Hung Trieu Quy , Nhung Nguyen Thi Ai
Published: March 2024

From the leaves and barks of Dolichandrone spathacea collected in the mangrove forest of Hue province, three iridoids {6‐O‐[(E)‐4‐methoxy cinnamoyl]catalpol (1), 6‐O‐[(E)‐3,4‐dimethoxy cinnamoyl]catalpol (2), nemoroside (3)} and three ursane‐type triterpenoids [ursolic acid (4), pomolic acid (5), uncaric acid (6)] were isolated and structurally elucidated. Besides, succrose octaacetate (7), daucosterol tetraacetate (8) and 1‐hentriacontanol (9) were identified from the fruits of this mangrove species. It is the first time compounds 6, 7, 9 were isolated from Dolichandrone spathacea. The main constituents of this plant, iridoids 1 and 2, were tested for the inhibition of IL‐6, TNF‐α factors and NO production. The anti‐inflammatory activity as well as the phytochemistry of the fruits of this species are reported for the first time.
Anti‐cancer docking investigations of Quinoxaline phenyl thiazolidinones
Authors: Kethireddy Shashikala , Ketha Swarupa , Eppakayala Laxminarayana , Chithaluri Sudhakar
Published: March 2024

New derivatives of quinoxaline phenyl thiazolidinones were synthesized and characterized using IR, H1 NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques. Their molecular docking was performed using Auto Dock tools 4.2 software against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a target and the images are being rendered using Schrodinger's maestro v9.5 vizualizer interface. The findings through docking studies are further useful in evaluating anti‐cancer activity of derivatives. Among all the derivatives, compound 6a has shown highest binding energy (‐9.95 Kcal/mol) and inhibition constant (50.91) towards the EGFR. The results of docking studies reported in this paper may provide very useful information to design the drugs for the therapeutic treatment of EGFR‐related cancers, such as lung, colorectal, pancreatic and head and neck cancers.
Structural and spectroscopic analysis of L‐Proline monomer and dimer by DFT approach
Authors: Borah Mukunda Madhab
Published: March 2024

In this work we have analyzed the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Raman and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectra (SERS) of L‐Proline. The molecule under consideration L‐Proline in monomer and dimer states were optimized using DFT/B3LYP and DFT/M06‐2X methods with 6‐31G (d,p) basis set. In order to correlate the experimental SERS spectra we have calculated the Raman spectra of L‐Proline monomer and dimer with silver (Ag) clusters using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with B3LYP functional and LANL2DZ basis set. The vibrational spectra were interpreted by using vibrational energy distribution analysis (VEDA) program and potential Energy Distribution (PED) analysis of the vibrational modes have been performed to have a clear picture of the fragments of different states of the molecule. The equilibrium molecular geometry, harmonic vibrational wavenumbers, Frontier molecular orbitals, Mulliken charges, energy parameters and various bonding features have also been computed.
Synthesis of a novel nano‐carrier system based on fucoidan conjugated to Pluronic for cell‐targeted delivery of anti‐cancer drugs
Authors: The Nguyen Ngoc
Published: March 2024

Nanocarrier systems for enhancing drug accumulation in cancer cells and minimizing side effects of anticancer drugs have been unceasingly developing throughout the years. In this study, we synthesized an advanced nanocarrier system polysaccharide fucoidan conjugated with pluronic P123 (Fud‐P123) utilized for the encapsulation of cisplatin (Cis) and its hydrate form (Cis‐OH). Cisplatin/Cis‐OH was loaded into the nanogel systems via the hydrophobic interaction of poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) fractions (P123) and the complexation between anionic groups (sulphate/carboxylate) present on the fucoidan flank with Cis‐OH. The chemical structure of the products was characterized by FTIR (Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and DLS (Differential Light Scattering) spectroscopy. The results show that Fud‐P123 nanogels are in spherical shape with the nanoparticle size distributed in the range of 40‐61 nm according to TEM, and 62.96 nm by DLS at 25°C. The loaded drug amount was determined by ICP‐OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission spectroscopy), and the percentage of Cis‐OH loaded in the nanogel was higher than cisplatin, accounting for about 22 %. This result confirms that Fud‐P123 nanogel is capable of carrying large amounts of cisplatin in hydrate form and thus can be applied as an ideal drug carrier formulation in cancer treatment.
A nonenzymatic uric acid sensor based on electrophoretically deposited Graphene/ITO electrode
Authors: Toan Tran Quoc , Dung Nguyen Quoc , Truong Mai Xuan , Van Hao Pham , Hien Trinh Ngoc , Van Dang Nguyen , Anh Le Phuoc , Hoa Nguyen Xuan , Thuy Pham Thi , Van Thanh Dang
Published: March 2024

A nonenzymatic uric acid sensor is proposed based on an electrophoretically deposited Graphene/ITO electrode (EDG). The morphology and structure of the EDGs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. As a result, the EDGs electrode was successfully fabricated with a well‐adhered graphene film on the ITO substrate surface. The electrochemical properties of the EDG for uric acid were investigated in PBS buffer pH 7.4, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies. Quantification of uric acid using both cyclic scanning and differential addition polarization methods. As a result, the uric acid sensor has a linear range from 1 to 100 μM, sensitivity 318.4 (μAcm2mM‐1) from CV measurements. Moreover, by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the sensor has a linear range from 1 to 50 μM, a sensitivity of 1242.7 (μAcm2 mM‐1), and the detection limit (LOD) of 0.6 μM (S/N = 3). The oxidation peak potential separation of uric acid, ascorbic, and dopamine at the EDG electrode showed that the uric sensor could eliminate interferences (ascorbic acid, dopamine) and be used to simultaneously determine uric acid, ascorbic acid, and dopamine.
Eco‐friendly green synthesis of Ag@Cu bimetallic nanoparticles: Evaluation of their structural, morphological and electrochemical characterizations
Authors: Shareef Shaik Nagul , Bhavani Kalli Sai , Anusha Tummala , Priyanka Pallapati , Rao M. Subba
Published: March 2024

The present study focuses on the preparation of silver/copper bimetallic hybrid nanoparticles by green method from precursor solutions of silver nitrate & copper nitrate and the locally available citrus fruit (lemon) peel extract which behaves as the stabilizing and reducing agent. Initially, the formation of hybrid nanoparticles was noticed in the reaction mixture by colour change. Here, UV‐Visible spectroscopy is useful to examine the optical measurements of the prepared nanoparticles and it exhibited the maximum absorption wavelength for lemon peel extract at 440 nm. Later, the functional groups present in the synthesized nanoparticles are investigated by FT‐IR spectroscopy. In addition, the pure and crystalline nature of developed nanoparticles was evaluated by XRD measurements. The spherical shape of produced bimetallic hybrid nanoparticles was observed by SEM analysis. The elemental composition of the synthesized nanoparticles was investigated by EDX analysis. Furthermore, electrochemical evaluation of synthesized nanoparticles by usage of CV (cyclic voltammetry) exhibited that Ag@Cu bimetallic NPs were highly electroactive than other electrodes. Thus, this newly approached method is simple, rapid, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly and this green method proves an alternative to physiochemical methods for the preparation of nanoparticles.
Phenolic constituents from Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyland and their NO production inhibition activity
Authors: Dung Duong Thi , Thao Tran Thi Phuong , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Tai Bui Huu , Van Kiem Phan
Published: March 2024

Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. (Elsholtzia cristata (Willd.), Lamiaceae is a medicinal and spice plant widely used in Vietnam. Phytochemical study on this plant led to the isolation of eleven phenolic glycosides compounds, kaempferol‐3‐β‐D‐(6‐O‐trans‐p‐coumaroyl) glucopyranoside (tiliroside, 1), rosmarinic acid methyl ester (2), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐1‐(3′, 5′‐dimethoxy‐4‐hydroxyphenyl‐1‐propanone) (3), β‐hydroxypropiovanillone 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), 4‐(3',4'‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐butan‐2‐one 3'‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (5), 4‐(3'‐glucopyranosyloxy‐hydroxyphenyl)‐(E)‐3‐buten‐2‐one (6), syringin (7), icariside F2 (8), methyl salicylate α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (9), methyl 2‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl benzoate (10), and 1‐O‐caffeoylglycerol (11). Their chemical structures were evidenced by ESIMS, CD, and NMR spectra in comparison with those in the literature. All the isolated compounds were evaluated their NO production inhibition activity on LPS‐activated RAW264.7 cells. Compounds 2, 9, and 10 inhibited NO production with IC50 values of 19.23±1.30, 16.51±1.56, and 13.73±0.95 μM, respectively, compared to that of the positive control of NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine acetate (L‐NMMA) with an IC50 value of 32.51±3.70 μM. Whereas, the other compounds showed no activity with the IC50 values over 100 μM.
The chemical composition from the fruits of Pandanus tonkinensis, their NO production inhibitory and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities
Authors: Trang Dinh Thi Huyen , Trang Pham Thu , Phuong Do Minh , Anh Duong Hong , Anh Ngo Quoc , Van Kiem Phan , Viet Pham Hung
Published: March 2024

Seven known compounds, including two neolignans, four lignans, and one flavane were isolated from the methanol extract of Pandanus tonkinenis fruits. Their structures were determined to be ficusal (1), vladinol F (2), medioresinol (3), syringaresinol (4), lariciresinol (5), secoisolariciresinol (6), and luteoliflavan (7) by analysis of MS and NMR data as well as by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literature. All compounds were evaluated for NO production inhibitory and lipid peroxidative inhibitory activities. Compounds 5 and 7 showed significant NO production inhibitory with IC50 values of 5.3±0.4 and 7.1±0.4 μM, respectively. Compounds 6 and 7 showed significant lipid peroxidative inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 20.2±1.7 and 26.2±3.6 μM, respectively.
Synthesis, computational drug likeness, DFT studies and in vitro biological activity evaluation of some heteronuclear complexes of functionalized (E)‐2‐(butan‐2‐ylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamide ligand
Authors: Khan Tahmeena , Azad Iqbal , Ahmad Rumana , Raza Saman , Joshi Seema , Khan Abdul Rahman
Published: March 2024

The dinuclear complexes of Schiff bases possess interesting structures and activity spectrum. Five mixed metal complexes of 2‐butanone thiosemicarbazone were prepared and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques. Molecular docking studies were done with the selected proteins. Computational drug likeness prediction was done using automated softwares. Toxicity assessment and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was done by OSIRIS 4.6.1 and used to assess the toxicity whereas bioactivity scores and physicochemical properties were predicted by Molinspiration 2016.03. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed using Osiris Property Explorer 4.5.1. Molecular docking studies were performed with three proteins. The anticancer activity was tested against MCF‐7, A549 and HepG‐2 cell lines whereas antibacterial activity was tested against two bacterial strains. The melting points of the complexes were >350oC, indicating high thermal stability. Cu‐Zn‐containing complex showed the least binding energy against the three proteins. The bioactivity scores of the complexes were between ‐0.50 and 0.0. Against A549 Cu‐Zn, Co‐Zn and Fe‐Zn containing complexes showed potential activity. Against MCF‐7, Fe‐Cu containing complex had IC50 of 53.5 whereas Co‐Zn containing complex was active against HepG2. Three complexes were active against S. aureus in the tested range. The dinuclear complexes showed potential biological activity as compared to the mononuclear complexes.
Evaluation of biological activity of some pyridine derivatives on perfusion pressure and their interaction with the M2 muscarinic receptor
Authors: Lauro Figueroa‐Valverde , Maria López‐Ramos , Marcela Rosas‐Nexticapa , Magdalena Alvarez‐Ramirez , Francisco Díaz‐Cedillo , Tomas Lopez‐Gutierrez
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological activity of some pyridine derivatives (compounds 1 to 15) on perfusion pressure in an isolated rat heart model. Furthermore, theoretical interaction of pyridine derivatives with the M2 muscarinic receptor was determined using acetylcholine, AF‐DX 116 and the 3uon protein as theoretical tools in a docking model. Results showed that pyridine derivatives 6, 9, and 13 decreased perfusion pressure compared to control conditions and compounds 1‐5, 7, 8, 10‐12, 14, and 15. Furthermore, theoretical data indicates that different amino acid residues are involved in the interaction of pyridine derivatives with the protein surface. Other data indicate that the inhibition constant was lower for compounds 6, 9 and 13 compared to acetylcholine and AF‐DX 116. In conclusion, all these data suggest that pyridine derivatives 6, 9 and 13 can produce changes in perfusion pressure possibly through activation of the M2 muscarinic receptor, and this phenomenon could depend on the different functional groups involved in its chemical structure.
Fabrication and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/TiO2membrane immersed in simulated body fluid for biomedical application
Authors: Nguyen Dien Thi My , Huynh Khanh Do Gia , Nguyen Thuy Thanh Doan , Huynh Vu Tan , Nguyen Phuong Tuyet , Nguyen Linh Thuy Ba
Published: March 2024

In this study, we synthesized hydroxyapatite (HA) on polyvinyl alcohol/TiO2(PVA/TiO2) in which TiO2was prepared by the sol‐gel method. HA was formed by immersing the membrane in the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. We improved the mechanical strength of the membranes by adding glutaraldehyde (GA) combining with heat treatment to cross‐link the polymer network. In addition, the composition of TiO2crystalline phase, TiO2content in each membrane, and the duration of membrane immersion in SBF solution were investigated. The morphological structures of hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol/TiO2(HA/PVA/TiO2) membranes were characterized by IR, SEM, and XRD. We confirmed that the HA formation depended on the TiO2content and phase composition (rutile or anatase). Membranes containing TiO2rutile‐phase showed more pronounced HA formation than membranes containing TiO2anatase‐phase. The appearance of HA also depended on SBF immersion duration. Membranes soaked for 3 weeks showed significantly more HA formation than membranes soaked for 1 and 2 weeks. Furthermore, the number of cells in membranes soaked for 3 weeks was clearly higher than in other membranes. Finally, HA/PVA/TiO2membranes containing 25 wt.% of TiO2rutile‐phase are biocompatible based on the number of viable cells and thus have the potential for biomedical application.
Some epoxylignans from the Vietnamese propolis of stingless Bee Trigona minor and their bioactivities
Authors: Nguyen Hai Xuan , Nguyen Mai Thanh Thi , Nguyen Nhan Trung
Published: March 2024

Two new epoxylignans, trigonan A (1) and trigonan B (2), were isolated from EtOAc extract of Vietnamese stingless bee propolis Trigona minor (Meliponini, Apidae), together with 15 known compounds. Their chemical structures were determined by extensive NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis. All compounds were tested for DPPH free radical scavenging activity; as a result, methoxylariciresinol (14) showed the best significant DPPH inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 3.0 μM, and had stronger activity than that of a positive control, trolox (IC50, 8.2 μM). In the α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, syringaresinol (10) displayed the best activity with IC50 value of 17.8 μM, and its activity was more than a positive control, acarbose (IC50, 185.2 μM). For the cytotoxic activity against the HeLa cell line, de‐4'‐O‐methyleudesmin (7) exhibited the most cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 46.3 μM and was quite weaker than that of a positive control, paclitaxel (IC50, 0.0014 μM).
Synthesis of novel nitrogen‐phosphorus flame retardants and their flameproof to flammable polymers
Authors: Nguyen Cong Tranh , Kim Jinhwan
Published: March 2024

To prepare the efficiently flame retardants (FR) for the highly flammable polymers, the novel nitrogen‐phosphorus based FRs (P‐N FR) (PN‐3, PN‐4, PN‐5, and PN‐6) were prepared via phosphorus halides and amine derivatives with 40‐90 % in yields. The appearances of P‐N FRs are lightly white solid. All P‐N FRs are water‐insoluble and show a melting point above 40 oC. The success of the synthesis was confirmed by NMR analysis. Both 1H and 31P NMR data show clearly the same as the predicted chemical shift signals. The thermal stability behavior of these FRs was studied via TGA analysis. Thermal decomposition occurs in the range of 220‐260oC under N2 gas. The 80% of a mass loss with one step decomposition and 5‐20% of the char residues at 700oC were obtained. The UL‐94 test with self‐extinguishing behavior on ABS and EVA was realized at 20‐25wt% loadings of P‐N FRs. It was observed that the addition of 18‐20 wt% of PN‐5 acquires UL‐94 V‐0 rating for the highly flammable resins (ABS and EVA) whereas to achieve the UL‐94 V‐0 rating, 20‐30 wt% of loadings of PN‐4 and PN‐6 are needed. It was concluded that the structure moieties of P‐N FR affect its FR behaviors.
Synthesis and characterization of bimetallic Ni‐Cu‐BDC from waste plastic as a highly efficient CO2/N2 selective adsorbent
Authors: Giang Pham Thi Thu , Hoa Vu Thi , Van Ngo Thuy , Quyen Phan Thi , Quang Nguyen Ke , Manh Nguyen Ba
Published: March 2024

In this work, a bimetallic Ni‐Cu‐BDC metal‐organic framework system was developed via solvent thermal approach with using an organic ligand recycled from waste plastic. The physical properties of Cu‐BDC and bimetallic Ni‐Cu‐BDC were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and N2 isotherms adsorption‐desorption (BET). The results have demonstrated the formation of Ni‐Cu‐BDC crystals with a highly porous structure (surface area up to 502 m2/g and pore volume about 0.208 cm3/g) and particle size of 2‐3 μm. Importantly, the Ni‐Cu‐BDC exhibited superior CO2 adsorption capacity of 5.85 mmol/g at 20°C and 1 atm. These findings indicated the potential application of bimetallic MOFs in CO2 capture technologies to fight global warming.
Effect of enzyme – assisted extraction on total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity from fresh tea leaves (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Oanh Doan Thi Yen , Hien Ly Thi Minh , Duyen Nguyen Kha , Hieu Nguyen Huu , Dao Dong Thi Anh
Published: March 2024

Tea leaves contain high concentration of polyphenols, known as bioactive compounds. In order to increase the extraction yield of polyphenol and the antioxidant capacity of the extract from tea leaves, the combination of cellulase, pectinase and protease in enzyme‐assisted extraction was investigated. By using fractional factorial experimental design to study the two‐enzyme assisted extraction of cellulase and pectinase, three factors including solvent/material ratio, pH and hydrolysis time showed significant effects on the extract properties. The highest total polyphenol content obtained adopting the favorable conditions was 185.9 mg GAE/g of dry material at solvent and material ratio of 5.9, hydrolysis pH of 4.4 and hydrolysis time of 36 minutes. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of the extract was determined at 175.9 mg TE/g of dry material at those optimum experimental conditions. In our test of three‐enzyme (cellulase – pectinase – protease) assisted extraction, the extracts were spray‐dried to observe green tea powder. Results indicated that the TPC, AC and the color sensory quality of the green tea powder decreased compared to the two‐enzyme (cellulase – pectinase) assisted extraction.
Considerations for a threatened seabird: The impact of shoreline avian predators on at‐sea marbled murrelets
Authors: Pastran Sonya A. , Lank David B.
Published: March 2024

We tested the influence of on‐shore avian predators on the at‐sea distribution and abundance of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) during their breeding season in Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada. We conducted a field experiment using deterrent predator decoy kites that mimicked flying bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). In the summers of 2018 and 2019, we conducted at‐sea surveys of murrelet distributions along inshore and offshore transects with and without kites flying, and tallied real eagles along the shoreline and fish schools encountered. Kites negatively influenced overall murrelet counts (estimate = −1.19, 95% CI = −1.88 to −0.51), but we did not detect inshore to offshore movements within the study site. Our results indicate murrelet movement out of the study area in response to the kites. Overall murrelet counts were also lower when real eagle counts were higher (estimate = −0.22, 95% CI = −0.35 to −0.09). When kites were flying, a higher proportion of the murrelets remaining along inshore transects were found between rather than adjacent to kite locations (estimate = −1.61, 95% CI = −2.67 to −0.54), indicating avoidance of kites. Since avian predator populations have steadily increased in the past 30 years throughout the murrelet's breeding range, these avoidance effects could create a negative bias in long‐term shoreline count trends. Our findings highlight the importance of considering non‐lethal predator effects on murrelets when conducting at‐sea censuses and constructing conservation plans.
A Review on Binary Alkaline‐Earth Trielides: an Overview of Compositions and Structures, of their Stabilities and Energetics and of Criteria for the Validity of the Zintl‐Concept
Authors: Beck Horst P.
Published: March 2024

Omitting alloys with a compositional range we present a compilation of binary alkaline earth trielides AExTRy together with results of DFT calculations to estimate total energies and energies of formation in comparison and to analyse the distribution of charges at the atomic positions in a Bader analysis of the electron density. In a comparison of many structures, we furthermore analyse the effect of bonding on this charge distribution and reflect on the real bonding patterns in comparison with our expectations according to the Zintl concept, and we find mechanisms blocking an electron transfer as favoured by the electronegativity differences. We have subjected a variety of structural parameters together with the DFT results to a Principal Component Analysis to explore their relationship which we describe in the form of correlation matrices and biplots. The Zintl rules turn out to be a very slack guideline in rationalizing the structures of these compounds.
Lipid homeostasis is essential for oogenesis and embryogenesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Yang Fangying , Xu Xiaoyan , Hu Bo , Zhang Zhongjie , Chen Kai , Yu Ye , Bai Hua , Tan Anjiang
Published: March 2024

Reproduction, a fundamental feature of all known life, closely correlates with energy homeostasis. The control of synthesizing and mobilizing lipids are dynamic and well-organized processes to distribute lipid resources across tissues or generations. However, how lipid homeostasis is precisely coordinated during insect reproductive development is poorly understood. Here we describe the relations between energy metabolism and reproduction in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, a lepidopteran model insect, by using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation analysis and comprehensively functional investigation on two major lipid lipases of Brummer (BmBmm) and hormone-sensitive lipase (BmHsl), and the sterol regulatory element binding protein (BmSrebp). BmBmm is a crucial regulator of lipolysis to maintain female fecundity by regulating the triglyceride (TG) storage among the midgut, the fat body, and the ovary. Lipidomics analysis reveals that defective lipolysis of females influences the composition of TG and other membrane lipids in the BmBmm mutant embryos. In contrast, BmHsl mediates embryonic development by controlling sterol metabolism rather than TG metabolism. Transcriptome analysis unveils that BmBmm deficiency significantly improves the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes including BmSrebp in the fat body. Subsequently, we identify BmSrebp as a key regulator of lipid accumulation in oocytes, which promotes oogenesis and cooperates with BmBmm to support the metabolic requirements of oocyte production. In summary, lipid homeostasis plays a vital role in supporting female reproductive success in silkworms.
Xanthogranulomatöse Adrenalitis
Authors: Saeger Wolfgang , Luebke Andreas M. , Mekoula S. T. , Pahnke Jörg-Michael
Published: March 2024

Ein radiologisch festgestellter Tumor einer 29-jährigen Frau mit Fieber um 39 °C wurde unter dem Verdacht einer Cholezystitis oder eines Leberabszesses operiert, dabei ein solider Tumor in der Nebennierenloge gefunden und reseziert. Die Schnellschnittbefundung ergab keine klare Diagnose bezüglich der Dignität und der Zuordnung. Histologisch zeigte sich, dass der Tumor aus dicht gelagerten großen histiozytenartigen Zellen mit Expression von Vimentin, CD68 und CD163 sowie Negativität für Keratin, Langerin und SMA aufgebaut ist. Wir diagnostizierten eine xanthogranulomatöse Adrenalitis und diskutierten die Differentialdiagnosen (Langerhans-Zellhistiozytose, Rosai-Dorfman-Krankheit, Malakoplakie, Erdheim-Chester-Krankheit).
Barriers and facilitators in diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis: a qualitative study
Authors: Hay Charles A. , Packham Jon , Prior James A. , Mallen Christian D. , Ryan Sarah
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is frequently delayed for years after symptom onset. However, little is known about patient and healthcare professional (HCP) perspectives on barriers and facilitators in axSpA diagnosis. This study explored the experiences and perceptions of both groups regarding the factors affecting the timely diagnosis of axSpA.

Method

Semi-structured interviews with patients with axSpA and axSpA-interested HCPs from the United Kingdom (UK) were performed by telephone or Microsoft Teams and focussed on the individuals’ perspective of the diagnostic journey for axSpA. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed.

Results

Fourteen patients with axSpA (10 female, 4 male) and 14 UK based HCPs were recruited, the latter comprising of 5 physiotherapists, 4 General Practitioners, 3 rheumatologists, a nurse, and an occupational therapist. Barriers to diagnosis identified by patients and HCPs were: difficult to diagnose, a lack of awareness, unclear referral pathways, patient behaviour and patient/HCP communication. Patient-identified facilitators of diagnosis were patient advocacy, clear referral processes and pathways, increased awareness, and serendipity. HCPs identified promoting awareness as a facilitator of diagnosis, along with symptom recognition, improvements to healthcare practice and patient/HCP communications.

Conclusion

Poor communication and a lack of understanding of axSpA in the professional and public spheres undermine progress towards timely diagnosis of axSpA. Improving communication and awareness for patients and HCPs, along with systemic changes in healthcare (such as improved referral pathways) could reduce diagnostic delay.
Species-Dependent Impacts on the Nutritional Profile of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plants Following to Foliar Application of Yeast Suspensions
Authors: Tóbiás Andrea , Ladányi Márta , Koren Dániel , Csambalik László
Published: March 2024

The foliar application of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) suspensions is a widely used small-scale horticultural practice against stress impacts and to boost vegetative and nutritional characteristics. In this study, the impact of two strains of S. cerevisiae was investigated on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and rocket (Eruca sativa L.) plants in terms of vegetative growth and nutritional content, focusing on antioxidant properties (FRAP, DPPH, TPC, lycopene) and chlorophyll content. The treatments were applied in two dilutions (0.1 and 1% v/v) and two frequencies (once and three times). When the type strain solutions were applied, DPPH values of both tomato and rocket samples were elevated up to 7.18 and 17.98 i%, respectively, compared to control values of 6.26 and 14.11 i%, respectively. While the other investigated antioxidant traits (FRAP, TPC, lycopene) were identical or slightly lower, than the control values, total chlorophyll content was significantly increased for tomato, up to 61.18 g/100 g, from the control value of 53.46 g/100 g, and for rocket, reaching 43.14 g/100 g, from the control value of 39.13 g/100 g, after using instant yeast solutions. Among the combinations, the double-sprayed 1% suspension and the single-sprayed 0.1% suspension had the most favorable impact on the investigated nutritional traits. Species-level application technology details are still open for refinements.
Feasibility of targeted therapies in the adjuvant setting of early breast cancer in men: real-world data from a population-based registry
Authors: Frevert M. L. , Dannehl D. , Jansen L. , Hermann S. , Schäffler H. , Huwer S. , Janni W. , Juhasz-Böss I. , Hartkopf A. D. , Taran F.-A.
Published: March 2024

Background

Following the positive iDFS and OS results of the phase III clinical trials monarchE, NATALEE and OlympiA, new oral anticancer agents (the CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib, ribociclib as well as the PARP inhibitor olaparib) have recently been introduced into the treatment of high-risk early breast cancer (eBC). However, only few male patients were included in these trials (0.4%, 0.6% and 0.3%, respectively). The objective of this real-world analysis was to determine the proportion of male patients with eBC fulfilling the clinical high-risk criteria of above-mentioned trials.

Patients and methods

We conducted a data inquiry and analysis with the Cancer Registry of Baden-Württemberg of men with breast cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2021. Men with eBC were identified and the number of patients at clinical high-risk according to the inclusion criteria of monarchE, NATALEE and OlympiA was assessed.

Results

Of 397 men with eBC, 354 (89.1%) had a HR + /Her2− and 4 (1.0%) a triple-negative subtype. 84 patients (21.2%) met the clinical high-risk criteria according to the monarchE, 189 (47.6%) those according to the NATALEE and 50 (12.6%) those according to the OlympiA trial.

Conclusion

In a large real-world sample, more men with eBC are at clinical high risk according to the inclusion criteria of monarchE, NATALEE and OlympiA than would be expected in women. This is most likely due to more advanced stages at initial diagnosis in men. To evaluate whether CDK4/6 and PARP inhibitors improve prognosis also in men should be the topic of future real- world analyses.