bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variaciones anatómicas del apéndice cecal en tomografía, un estudio retrospectivo.
Authors: De León Benedetti Laura , De León Martínez Jesus
Published: October 2021

Introducción: la causa de dolor abdominal mayormente relacionada a cirugía es la apendicitis; su diagnóstico se ve afectado por las variaciones anatómicas del apéndice vermiforme, debido a que es el órgano abdominal con mayores variaciones en cuanto a su posición y relación con otros órganos. Objetivo: determinar las características del apéndice cecal normal en tomografías computarizadas, incluidas la longitud, el diámetro, el grosor de la pared, y la ubicación de la base y de la punta apendicular. Métodos: se estudiaron tomografías computarizadas abdominales con imágenes del protocolo de exploración UroCT para identificar la localización de la base y la punta, y medir longitud, ancho y diámetro del apéndice cecal. La ubicación de la punta se categorizó como anterior o posterior y se subdividió en: pélvica, retrocecal/retrocólica, postileal, paracólica, subcecal, subhepática o línea media. La localización de la base apendicular se definió en tres planos en relación con la válvula ileocecal: antero-posterior, medial-lateral o superior-inferior. Resultados: fueron incluidas tomografías abdominales de 83 pacientes en las que se determinaron las características generales del apéndice cecal: se observó una longitud media de 78 mm (DE = 23,41) y diámetro medio de 6,55 mm (DE= 1,77). Las bases tuvieron con mayor frecuencia una localización inferior posterior, lateral y medial a la válvula ileocecal, las puntas estuvieron más frecuentemente localizadas en la cavidad pélvica, seguidas de localizaciones retrocecal y paracecal. Conclusión: la localización de la base del apéndice se correlaciona con lo descrito en estudios previos. No existe correlación entre la ubicación de la punta y la longitud del apéndice, esto significa que, incluso si el apéndice es largo, no se asocia con una ubicación de la punta más alejada de la válvula ileocecal.
Factores de riesgo para presentar dolor crónico de tobillo en pacientes con fractura de tobillo clasificados con Danis Weber y AO en el Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo
Authors: Ávila-Méndez Christian M. , Ortiz-Díaz Luis Gabriel , Flores-Álvarez Efrén
Published: October 2021

Introducción: Las fracturas de tobillo son las lesiones óseas más comunes en cualquier grupo de edad y, por lo general, son causadas por un mecanismo de baja energía. Una de las clasificaciones más usadas es la de Danis-Weber, la cual nos habla de la probabilidad de lesión sindesmal; sin embargo, no nos habla de las complicaciones o probabilidad de padecer dolor crónico. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo que pudieran presentar los pacientes con fractura de tobillo que puedan influenciar la presencia de dolor crónico de tobillo. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de 142 expedientes clínicos electrónicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de fractura de tobillo clasificada con Danis-Weber, en el periodo de 2016 a 2019, que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 142 pacientes, se analizaron variables como Weber, tratamiento, medición de claro medial, dolor crónico, complicación y mecanismo de lesión. Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las variables de medición de claro medial (p ≤0.01); y, en cuanto a dolor crónico, en donde es más probable que los pacientes con Weber B o C presenten dolor crónico (p = 0.02). Conclusiones: Hay factores de riesgo para padecer dolor crónico de tobillo como el padecer una fractura de tipo Weber B o C; existe una relación en la probabilidad de lesión del ligamento deltoideo con la clasificación de Danis-Weber.
Trombosis venosa profunda de miembros inferiores asociada a una triple deficiencia enzimática: antitrombina III, proteína C y proteína S. Reporte de caso
Authors: Franco Díaz de León Raúl , Gamboa Solís Raúl , Sánchez Díaz de León Jose Antonio , Laurel Razo Aldo
Published: October 2021

La Enfermedad Tromboembólica Venosa comprende dos trastornos, el Tromboembolismo Pulmonar y la Trombosis Venosa Profunda (TVP). Esta última se asocia, entre otras causas, a deficiencias enzimáticas del organismo, las cuales favorecen el desarrollo de la enfermedad y sus complicaciones, siendo el síndrome postrombótico la más frecuente.  Presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 34 años que acude a consulta por presentar aumento de volumen, edema, tensión muscular, dolor y claudicación de ambas extremidades pélvicas a quien se le diagnosticó Trombosis Venosa Profunda Fémoro-Iliaca Bilateral asociado a una triple deficiencia enzimática de Antitrombina III, Proteína C y Proteína S de la coagulación.
The Oxford Handbook of Science and Medicine in the Classical World edited by Paul T. Keyser and John Scarborough
Authors: Connolly Serena
Published: October 2021

This review is written from the standpoint of someone fairly new to the fields of ancient science and medicine, who teaches an undergraduate survey of them and would like to be brought up to date on recent discoveries, interpretations, and approaches. To that end, this book is a fantastic resource and a major achievement.
Reviewed by: Serena Connolly,
Published Online (2021-04-30)Copyright © 2021 by Serena Connolly
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37668/28672
Corresponding Author: Serena Connolly,Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyE-Mail: serena@rutgers.edu
Динаміка товарної структури дубових деревостанів вегетативного походження Слобожанського лісотипологічного району
Authors: Girs O. A. , Pasternak V. P. , Slysh O. A.
Published: October 2021

Наведено огляд літературних джерел щодо оцінювання динаміки товарної структури дубових деревостанів. Зіставлено лісотипологічне і лісогосподарське районування для виокремлення регіону дослідження як передумови для створення регіональних нормативів ведення лісового господарства. Проаналізовано поширення дубових деревостанів у лісовому фонді регіону дослідження та визначено лісівничо-таксаційні показники на дослідних ділянках. Виявлено залежність між часткою ділових стовбурів і віком модальних дубових деревостанів вегетативного походження. Побудовано таблиці динаміки товарної структури модальних дубових деревостанів із урахуванням розподілу об’ємів ділових стовбурів за класами товщини, узгодженими з європейськими підходами щодо таксації круглих лісоматеріалів. Складаючи нормативи, застосовували моделі ходу росту модальних дубняків вегетативного походження Лівобережного Лісостепу України. Проведено порівняльний аналіз динаміки виходу ділової деревини в модальних дубняках за різними стандартами. За результатами порівняння розроблених для Слобожанського лісотипологічного району нормативів із нормативами, які розроблені для дубових насіннєвих деревостанів Лісостепу, виявлено, що в останніх вихід ділової деревини є істотно вищим, що насамперед пов’язане з лісорослинними умовами регіону та вегетативним походженням деревостанів.
Лісівничо-селекційна оцінка плюсового насадження сосни звичайної, ураженого кореневою губкою, в ДП «Рокитнівське лісове господарство»
Authors: Lazar О. D.
Published: October 2021

У статті наведено лісівничо-селекційну характеристику плюсового насадження сосни звичайної, ураженого кореневою губкою, в Карпилівському лісництві ДП «Рокитнівське лісове господарство». Насадження природного походження у віці 95 років росте за І класом бонітету, має повноту 0,6. У 73 % дерев відсутні вади стовбура й крони. Серед них відібрано неушкоджені дерева І і ІІ селекційних категорій, які рекомендовано внести до Державного реєстру та використовувати як генетичний матеріал для подальших досліджень, заготівлі насіння й живців із метою створення лісонасінних плантацій та створення стійких насаджень.
Агрохімічні характеристики ґрунтів лісоаграрного стаціонару ДП «Маріупольська лісова науково-дослідна станція»
Authors: Solomakha N. G. , Korotkova T. M. , Kravchenko V. M. , Ivanicheva Ye. V.
Published: October 2021

Наведено результати досліджень агрохімічних показників чорноземів на ріллі й у полезахисних лісових смугах (ПЛС) ДП «Маріупольська ЛНДС» та фермерського господарства с. Новотроїцьке Волноваського району Донецької області (контроль). Вміст гумусу у ґрунтах ПЛС ДП «Маріупольська ЛНДС» є вищим, ніж на ріллі, на 6,06 % і становить у середньому 11,72 %. На контролі вміст гумусу на ріллі й у ПЛС різниться неістотно (середнє значення 6,0 %). Кореляційний зв’язок між вмістом гумусу і віком ПЛС є сильним (r = 0,7; trфакт. ? trтеор). На дослідних об’єктах реакція ґрунтового розчину ріллі становить 6,8–7,75 (рН водний), 5,7–6,8 (рН сольовий), у насадженнях – 6,2–7,75 (рН водний), 5,25–7,0 (рН сольовий). Вміст азоту і калію є більшим у ґрунтах ПЛС, фосфору – на ріллі. Для ґрунтів ПЛС кореляційний зв’язок між вмістом азоту і віком насадження, вмістом гумусу й азоту має середню силу (r = 0,6; trфакт. ? trтеор). Виявлено зворотній кореляційний зв'язок середньої сили між умістом гумусу і рН сольовим у ґрунтах на ріллі (r = 0,5; trфакт. ? trтеор).
Facile synthesis, solublization studies and anti-inflammatory activity of amorphous zinc(II) centered aldimine complexes
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad 44000, Pakistan, ALI Uzma , MAALIK Aneela ,   Department of Chemistry, Comsats University, Park Road, Chak Shahzad Islamabad 44000, Pakistan, TAJ Muhammad Babar ,   Department of Chemistry, Islamia University Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan, RAHEEL Ahmad ,   Department of Chemistry, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad 44000, Pakistan, QURESHI Ahmad Kaleem ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan, IMRAN Muhammad ,   Department of Chemistry, Islamia University Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan, SHARIF Muhammad ,   Department of Chemistry, Islamia University Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan, TIRMIZI Syed Ahmad ,   Department of Chemistry, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad 44000, Pakistan, NOOR Sadia ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan, ALSHATER Heba ,   Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Menoufia University Menofia 32871, Egypt
Published: October 2021

In this study, Zn(II) centered complexes with aldimine derivatives were synthesized using green solvent, polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) and amorphous complexes were characterized by FT-IR, multinuclear (1H and 13C NMR), elemental and thermal analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated the extended thermal stability of the synthesized complexes. All the Zn(II) complexes show very significant photoexcitation in the range of 318 – 384 nm and photoemission in the range of 502 – 562 nm. Among all the complexes, Zn(II) complex (3Zn) showed minimum band gap value, 2.35 eV. These amorphous complexes have been reported for their wide applications in biomedical sciences. The synthesized aldimine ligands and Zn(II) complexes were investigated for anti-inflammatory activity and these complexes showed more anti-inflammatory potential than the corresponding aldimine ligands. The solubilization of zinc complexes in sodium dodecyl sulphate was also investigated to reveal the interaction of metal complexes by using UV-Visible spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements.
A new green and catalyst free strategy for synthesis of cyanodienones using task-specific ionic liquid
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran, ABADAST Fatemeh , MOURADZADEGUN Arash ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran, GANJALI Mohammad Reza ,   Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Published: October 2021

Task-specific ionic liquid, 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cyanide ([bmim]CN), in the presence of [bmim]Br has been prepared and used for the first time as the medium as well as reagent for the synthesis of aromatic cyanodienones from the corresponding triarylpyrylium perchlorates by cyanide-halide exchange. The [bmim]CN having a reactive anion, also could promote the desired reaction thereby reducing the reaction times and improving the yields substantially. The products could be easily isolated from the reaction mixture by simple extraction.
Investigation of dyeing properties of different fabric species with Curcuma Longa extracts
Authors:   Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Natural Dyes Application and Research Center, 60250, Tokat, Turkey, ONAL Adem , TOMBUL Kevser Ceren ,   Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 60250 Tokat, Turkey, NACHED Sama ,   Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
Published: October 2021

The dyeing properties of different fabric species were investigated using root extract of Curcuma Longa rhizome. For this purpose, the cotton and wool fabrics were dyed using the root extract of Curcuma Longa by pre-mordanting, together- mordanting and last- mordanting methods with copper sulfate (CuSO4), ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) and aluminum potassium sulfate (AIK(SO4)2 at medium pH. The color codes were determined with Pantone Color Quide, and K/S and L* a* b* values were detected with color measurement spectrophotometer, and also washing-, crocking- fastness levels were evaluated using gray scale.
UV-VIS studies on interaction between sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (AOT) and methyl red
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, M.M.A.M.C., Tribhuvan University, Biratnagar, Nepal, KHADKA Binita , BHATTARAI Ajaya ,   Department of Chemistry, M.M.A.M.C., Tribhuvan University, Biratnagar, Nepal
Published: October 2021

"This paper deals with the interaction of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (AOT) and methyl red (MR) by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 298.15 K. The concentration of AOT varies from 0 to 0.12530 mol/kg and the concentration of methyl red is 3.71×10-5 M. Here, water concentration is defined by the R parameter. The R parameter in this study varied from 0 to 20. Two intense absorption bands were observed within the 380 to 540 nm wavelength of methyl red in methanol. Band 1(380 to 450 nm) of methyl red contains a higher absorbance peak than band 2(450 to 540 nm). When the concentration of AOT increased, band 1(380 - 450 nm) of methyl red decreased the absorbance peak, whereas band 2 (450 to 540 nm) of methyl red increased the absorbance peak with increasing AOT concentration. Band 1 shows a hypochromic shift of methyl red with an increase in AOT concentration, whereas band 2 shows a hyperchromic shift of methyl red with an increase in AOT concentration. On comparing the absorbance versus concentration graph for different R parameters, we observed that absorbance increases with the increase in the R parameter. The binding constant and distribution constant were calculated using a non-linear regression procedure (NLREG). The experiment shows the effect of methanol, AOT and water concentration on methyl red."
(a,b)- Zagreb index of some special graph
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India., SARKAR Prosanta , MONDAL Sourav ,   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India, DE Nilanjan ,   Department of Mathematics, Calcutta Institute of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India., PAL Anita ,   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India.
Published: October 2021

In the past few years, graph theory has emerged as one of the most powerful mathematical tools to model many types of relations and process dynamics in computer science, biological and social systems. Generally, a graph is depicted as a set of nodes which is called vertices connected by lines are called edges. A topological index is the numerical parameter of a graph that characterizes its topology and it is usually graph invariant. In this paper, we compute some important classes vertex degree-based graph invariants using the Zagreb index of some special graphs such as the co-normal product of graphs, concentric wheels graph and intersection graph.
Determination of CO2 gas hydrates surface tension in the presence of nonionic surfactants and TBAC
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran., BOZORGIAN Alireza , ABOOSADI Zahra Arab ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran., MOHAMMADI Abolfazl ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran., HONARVAR Bizhan ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran., AZIMI Alireza ,   eDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Mahshar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran.
Published: October 2021

The gas hydrates formation, in spite of its disadvantages, has some advantages such as separating, transferring and storing gas. Therefore, determining the appropriate promoters for the gas hydrates’ formation is as important as selecting an appropriate inhibitor. One of the effective promoters is tetra-n-butyl ammonium chloride (TBAC). Due to TBAC non-destructive environmental effects and its extraordinary effect on the thermodynamics of gas hydrates, this salt is one of the most widely used promoters. TBAC was discussed in the context of hydrate structure formation and Alkyl Poly Glucoside (APG) as a nonionic surfactant, because of its characteristics like biodegradability, emulsifiers and reasonable prices. In this study, the surface tension between Co2 hydrates was determined at constant temperatures and pressures with different concentrations. For this purpose, the classical nucleation theory has been used. The experimental data show that at constant temperature, the induction time is reduced by increasing TBAC concentration and adding APG. Also, the surface tension value reduces significantly due to adding APG, which this reduction has led to an upward trend with increasing temperature. Finally, the surface tension values obtained from the developed method were compared by presented correlations.
Progress in photocatalysis of new two-dimensional layered materials Mxenes
Authors:   Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei  Anhui, 230601, P. R. China, KAI Chunmei , ZHANG Fengjun ,   Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei  Anhui, 230601, P. R. China, KONG Cui ,   Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei  Anhui, 230601, P. R. China, CAI Weiqin ,   Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei  Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
Published: October 2021

As an extremely promising new class of materials, MXenes (two-dimensional layered materials) have attracted much interest and become a research hotspot in many fields. Owing to the typical layered structure, excellent electronic performance, it can be used as co-catalysts to recombine other photocatalytic materials to enhance the separation of photo-generated charges, inhibit the rapid recombination of charges, and finally convert solar energy into chemical energy. MXenes, which exhibit extraordinary catalytic activity in photocatalytic reactions, are increasingly being widely used as co-catalysts. This article summarizes and discusses two photocatalytic reactions with MXenes as co-catalysts, the dehydrogenation reaction (HER) and the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), as well as their physical and chemical properties, preparation and synthesis methods, and the latest research progress. Summarized related applications and photocatalysis principles. Finally, the prospects and expectations of MXenes in photocatalytic applications are presented.
One-pot three-component synthesis of α-aminonitriles using sodium dihydrogen phosphate as a catalyst at room temperature
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Dayyer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dayyer, Bushehr, Iran, KARIMI-JABERI Zahed , BAHRANI Abdolaziz ,   Department of Chemistry, Dayyer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dayyer, Bushehr, Iran
Published: October 2021

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate was applied as an efficient and inexpensive catalyst for the synthesis of biologically potent α-aminonitrile derivatives through a one-pot three-component reaction of aldehyde, amine and trimethylsilyl cyanide. The reactions were easily carried out under mild, green and eco-friendly conditions in ethanol at room temperature affording high yields of the products in short times.
Response surface historical method, simulation of CO2 absorption process by DEA in FFR using COMSOL multiphysics
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran, MALEKI Nasser , ZARINABADI Sorosh ,   Department of Technical and Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran, AZIMI Alireza ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran, KOOTENAEI Amirhossein Shahbazi ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran
Published: October 2021

Absorption of carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas from a mixture of CO2 and N2 in a continuous falling film reactor (FFR) has been designed and developed. The reactor length and inner diameter were 1m and 0.021m, respectively. In this paper, the absorption of CO2 by DEA (Diethanolamine) in FFR is studied by means of COMSOL Multiphysics and Design expert. Design expert is used to developing an empirical equation for CO2 absorption when reacting with DEA. The simulation is performed with COMSOL Multiphysics for a second-order reaction and the velocity profile is considered the effect of shear stress. The result shows that the penetration depth of CO2 in the falling film reactor is 0.006mm and the absorption rate increases with increasing gas flow velocity and inlet CO2 concentration. Also, this study is performed on low Reynolds number (1 ≤ ReG ≤ 6 and 4 ≤ ReL ≤ 40 at 298 K) which has not been considered by other researchers.
Exploring the interaction of 5,6- benzocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid with bovine serum albumin at the molecular level: A biophysical investigation using molecular dynamics
Authors:   Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021Bucharest, Roumania, PRECUPAS Aurica , IONESCU Sorana ,   Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bd. Regina Elisabeta 4–12, 030018 Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) is used to monitor the conformational space spanned by a ligand when in the binding pocket of a protein. 5,6-benzocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid was chosen as it is a relatively rigid molecule, with only one rotational degree of freedom, useful in its simplicity, whereas bovine serum albumin was used as a model protein. The initial geometry of the protein-ligand complex was obtained by molecular docking. The MD simulation was carried out for 90 ns and the dynamic evolution of the system was explored based on the usual parameters: root mean square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF). The MD trajectory was analysed and interpreted in terms of the hydrogen bonds formed with the surrounding aminoacid residues and the conformational space spanned by the ligand during the interaction process.
Quinizarin interaction with bile salts micelles as biomimetic model membranes
Authors:   Institute of Physical Chemistry Ilie Murgulescu, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest 060021, Roumania, TOADER Ana Maria , ENACHE Mirela ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry Ilie Murgulescu, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest 060021, Roumania
Published: October 2021

The evaluation of the interaction of quinizarin (Q), an analogue of the core unit of various anticancer drugs, with two bile salts sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), investigated by absorption and conductance measurements is presented in this work. The values of binding constant (Kb), partition coefficient (Kx) and free energy change (ΔG) were determined and discussed in terms of possible intermolecular interactions. The results indicate higher binding constant and partition coefficient values for NaDC micelles than NaC micelles and this distinct interaction of quinizarin with NaTDC and NaTC micelles is supported by the differences in nature and structure of bile salts micelles. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of both bile salts, determined using electrical conductivity measurements is higher in the presence of quinizarin.
The structure-activity relationships from DSC data
Authors:   Roumanian Academy, ‘‘Ilie Murgulescu’’ Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Roumania, MUSUC Adina Magdalena , OANCEA Dumitru ,   Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd, 030018 Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

The differential scanning calorimetry becomes nowadays an easily available technique able to provide experimental data which can be used to seek for possible correlations with molecular properties. Among these data, the entropy and enthalpy for different phase transition like melting or decomposition of various related compounds proved to be very fruitful. In the present paper, the enthalpy and entropy data for different phase transitions and decomposition of two classes of related energetic compounds (13 based on phenoxazone derivatives and 6 on substituted (E)-3-(azulen-1-yldiazenyl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole) are analyzed and presented. The heats of decomposition seem to present no correlations as functions of molecular mass or melting temperature, while the heats of melting and the temperatures of melting present a fair correlation as a function of the molecular mass or melting temperature. A particularly good correlation is provided by the entropy of melting as a function of the enthalpy of melting, in accord with their significance for a process at equilibrium.
Dye removal from wastewaters using grape seed residues
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Roumania, ȚINCU Robert , TODAȘCĂ Cristina ,   Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Roumania, ARTEM Victoria ,   Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology Murfatlar (RCVE), 2 Calea Bucuresti Street, Murfatlar, Constanta, Roumania, NICOARĂ Adrian-Ionuț ,   Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

Dye removal from industrial wastewaters is a constant concern in industry, like textile or paper, since the consumers demands are in continuous increase and new dye combinations are developed and used. Therefore, efficient, and environmentally friendly dye adsorbents are a continuous necessity. This research aims to characterize the absorbents capacities of grapeseed material (rest material after grapeseed oil extraction). Apart from adsorbent characterization, the influence of contact time, adsorbent quantity and the influence of the solution pH are investigated. Following the principles of sustainability and circular economy, the transformation of by-products during the process of obtaining grapeseed oil into a usable absorbent material could resolve two major issues in two of the largest industries: wine industry waste management and removal of dyes from the textile industry wastewater.
Effect of scanning speed on AFM height images and 3D surface texture parameters explored on smooth and rough polymer surfaces
Authors:   “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iaşi - 700553, Roumania, STOICA Iuliana , Hitruc Elena Gabriela ,   “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iaşi - 700553, Roumania
Published: October 2021

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerfull technique developed in the last decades that is widely used for surface morphology investigation at micro and nanometric scale. Along with the environment in which the scan is performed and the type of sample, the scanning conditions play an important role in obtaining the best results in imaging, without any artifacts that may be occure. In the present study, in order to establish the proper scanning conditions, smooth and rough polymer surfaces were used to investigate the influence of the scanning speed on height images and amplitude, hybrid, spatial, and functional 3D surface texture parameters in atomic force microscopy.
Synthesis and characterization of a new hydrazyl free radical, a formyl-derivative of DPPH
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry, 90-92 Panduri, Bucharest, Roumania, IONITA Petre
Published: October 2021

Starting from 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitropheyl)hydrazine and urotropine in the presence of trifluoracetic acid it was obtained a formyl derivative as a yellow solid, that can form under oxidative condition the persistent hydrazyl free radical 2-(p-formyl-phenyl)-2-phenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl having a violet colour. The same formyl hydrazine derivative in the presence of a base forms the corresponding anion with a red-brown colour. The new compounds were characterized by appropriate means, like NMR, IR, UV-VIS, ESR.
Gas sorption phenomena on solid surfaces
Authors:   “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 - Bucharest, Roumania, IONESCU Niculae I. , BRĂTAN Veronica ,   “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 - Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

A model explaining the logarithmic rate law used in adsorption/desorption of gas-solid processes is presented. The association of free surface sites in greater ones can be produced in adsorption processes. The dissociation of these new sites into the initial free sites can be obtained in desorption processes.
Physico-chemical characterization of solid state reaction between terephtalaldehyde and p-aminophenol
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Department of Physical Chemistry, 030018 Bd. Regina Elisabeta 4-12, Bucharest, Roumania, MELTZER Viorica , OANCEA Petruţa ,   University of Bucharest, Department of Physical Chemistry, 030018 Bd. Regina Elisabeta 4-12, Bucharest, Roumania, STĂNCULESCU Ioana ,   University of Bucharest, Department of Physical Chemistry, 030018 Bd. Regina Elisabeta 4-12, Bucharest, Roumania, PINCU Elena ,   University of Bucharest, Department of Physical Chemistry, 030018 Bd. Regina Elisabeta 4-12, Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work was to investigate the possibilities of the solvent free synthesis of Schiff base (azomethyne) from terephthalaldehyde and p-aminophenol. The pure compounds and the reaction product were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and adiabatic combustion calorimetry. The structure of the reaction product was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. Spectral studies have shown that the reaction product is formed in a single stage. The standard enthalpy of reaction was obtained from heat of combustion of reactants and products and their value shows that the reaction is exothermic.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Clinicopathology: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Hermansyah Dedy , Rahayu Yolanda , Azrah Arjumardi , Pricilia Gracia , Sufida Sufida , Rifsal Denny , Simarmata Albiner
Published: October 2021

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that does not have estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER-2 receptors. This subtype is found in 15-20% of all types of breast cancer, and it is often associated with a high recurrence rate and mortality after getting definitive therapy. The aim of our study is to investigate the clinicopathology of breast cancer in our center, where the majority were Bataknese.Methods: We evaluated the clinical and pathological characteristics of TNBC retrospectively from medical records data, from January 2017 to December 2019 with a total of 105 patients but only 79 patients had complete clinicopathological and immunohistochemistry data. This study was conducted in Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Results: From 79 TNBC patients, the average age at clinical presentation was 41-50 years group about 35 samples (44.3%). All patients had an invasive type of ductal carcinoma (100%). The majority of tumor size was T2 in 51 patients (64,6%), 83.6% grade 3 tumors. Both angioinvasion and lymph invasion were found in 48 patients (60.8%) while tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) was found in 58 patients (73.4%), and 44 patients (55.7%) had lymph node metastases.Conclusions: According to some existing literature, TNBC showed more aggressive characteristics which are the same as our study. TNBC was diagnosed at young age, grade 3 tumors, having TIL which is very likely to occur distant metastases to lymph nodes.
Are “Unstable” Burst Fractures Really Unstable?
Authors: Woo Jun Hyuk , Lee Hyun Woo , Choi Hong June , Kwon Young Min
Published: October 2021

Objective : The stability is an important factor to decide the treatment plan in thoracolumbar burst fracture patients. Patients with an unstable burst fracture generally need operative management. Decrease in vertebral body height, local kyphosis, involvement of posterior column, and/or canal compromise are considered important factors to determine the treatment plan. On the other hand, in thoracolumbar injury classification system (TLICS), surgery is recommended in patients with TLICS of more than 5 points. The purpose of this study was to apply the TLICS score in patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures and to distinguish the differences of treatment plan on burst fracture.Methods : All patients, diagnosed as a thoracolumbar burst fracture between January 2006 and February 2019 were included in this study. Unstable thoracolumbar burst fracture was defined as burst fracture with neurologic deficit, three-column injury, kyphosis over 30 degrees, decrease of anterior body height over 40 percent and canal comprise more than 50%. TLICS score was measured with morphology, neurological involvement and posterior ligamentous complex integrity. The existence of instability was compared with TLICS score.Results : Total 233 patients (131 men, 102 women) were included in this study. In Denis classification, 51 patients (21.9%) diagnosed as stable burst fracture while 182 patients (78.1%) had unstable burst fracture. According to TLICS, 72 patients (30.9%) scored less than 4, while 161 patients (69.1%) scored 4 or more. All the patients with stable burst fracture scored 2 in TLICS. Twenty-one patients (9.0) scored 2 in TLICS but diagnosed as unstable burst fracture. Thirteen patients had over 40% of vertebra body compression, four patients had more than 50% of canal compromise, three patients had both body compression over 40% and kyphosis over 30 degrees, one patients had both body compression and canal compromise. Fifteen patients presented kyphosis over 30 degrees, and three (20%) of them scored 2 in TLICS. Seventy-three patients presented vertebral body compression over 40% and 17 (23.3%) of them scored 2 in TLICS. Fifty-three patients presented spinal canal compromise more than 50%, and five (9.4%) of them scored 2 in TLICS.Conclusion : Although the instability of thoracolumbar burst fracture was regarded as a critical factor for operability, therapeutic strategies by TLICS do not exactly match with the concept of instability. According to the concept of TLICS, it should be reconsidered whether the unstable burst fracture truly unstable to do operation.
Attraction and Repellent Behaviors of Culicoides Biting Midges toward Cow Dung, Carbon Dioxide, and Essential Oils
Authors: Yang Daram , Yang Myeon-Sik , Kim Bumseok
Published: October 2021

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous arthropod vectors that transmit epizootic arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Arboviruses are recognized as causes of pregnancy loss, encephalomyelitis, and congenital malformations in ruminants. Therefore, continuous monitoring and control of Culicoides, which causes significant damage to industrial animals are necessary. We performed attraction and repellent tests in Culicoides using various essential oils, cow dung, and carbon dioxide (CO2). Culicoides tended to move more to cow dung (60.8%, P<0.0001) and CO2 (63.8%, P<0.01). To the essential oils as repellents, 26.1% (P<0.0001), 18.7% (P<0.001), and 25.5% (P<0.01) of the Culicoides moved to the lavender, lemongrass, and eucalyptus chamber, respectively. The Culicoides that moved to the 3 essential oils chambers showed markedly low activity. Collectively, it was showed that Culicoides tended to be attractive to cow dung and CO2, and repellent from the 3 essential oils.
Naegleria fowleri Induces Jurkat T Cell Death via O-deGlcNAcylation
Authors: Lee Young Ah , Kim Kyeong Ah , Shin Myeong Heon
Published: October 2021

The pathogenic free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, a fatal infection, by penetrating the nasal mucosa and migrating to the brain via the olfactory nerves. N. fowleri can induce host cell death via lytic necrosis. Similar to phosphorylation, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is involved in various cell-signaling processes, including apoptosis and proliferation, with O-GlcNAc addition and removal regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. However, the detailed mechanism of host cell death induced by N. fowleri is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether N. fowleri can induce the modulation of O-GlcNAcylated proteins during cell death in Jurkat T cells. Co-incubation with live N. fowleri trophozoites increased DNA fragmentation. In addition, incubation with N. fowleri induced a dramatic reduction in O-GlcNAcylated protein levels in 30 min. Moreover, pretreatment of Jurkat T cells with the OGA inhibitor PUGNAc prevented N. fowleri–induced O-deGlcNAcylation and DNA fragmentation. These results suggest that O-deGlcNAcylation is an important signaling process that occurs during Jurkat T cell death induced by N. fowleri.
Representing Places in Texts: A Spatial Investigation into Agathemerus’ Sketch of Geography
Authors: Palladino Chiara
Published: October 2021

This article presents a case study for the digital mapping of an ancient Greek geographical compendium, the Sketch of Geography by Agathemerus. We examine various possibilities of investigation, including semantic annotation, georeferencing and network analysis, to verify how the digital mapping of a text can contribute to a better understanding of its underlying spatial perception. We examine the following aspects: spatial distribution, functionality and frequency of place types, semantic/symbolic definition of boundaries, place connectivity and problems of textual corruption. In the conclusion, we show that, while the general perspective of the work is programmatically speculative, Agathemerus’ way of modelling the world is navigational and pragmatic. A predominantly non-cartographic perspective dictates a way of reasoning about space that is highly semantical in the definition of important landmarks and spatial relations. However, it also determines a strongly navigational approach in the treatment of geographical problems. Finally, we emphasize the value of an integrated semantic and mapped approach to the investigation of premodern geographies, and the opportunities of using these methods to address old and new research questions.
Alternative Database Structures for Prosopographical Research
Authors: Baillie James
Published: October 2021

As digital prosopography has developed as a discipline in historical research over the last three decades, and as changes in technology have provided more options for its underlying systems, the potential scope of the field has expanded likewise. This expansion in both what can be done and how it can be done creates new questions of how to select data models and technical infrastructure, and what the implications of those models are for different use cases and forms of analysis.

This article discusses current prosopographical systems, largely built with relational databases using the factoid model, and suggests use cases for alternatives and when and why these may be used. In particular, it argues that encoding secondary historical reasoning within a dataset to create databases of single, coherent source readings can be important to facilitate analyses that would face difficulties when applied factoid data. In this discussion, a number of novel distinctions are drawn between purposes and models for prosopographical projects as a suggestion towards a clearer framing of future discussions in this area.
Making an Animation as a Means of Dissemination and as a Tool for Research into Historical Sites: The Case Study of San Julián de Samos
Authors: Salas Estefanía López
Published: October 2021

In this article we will examine how and why the animation ‘Creating the monastic site: from its origins to the nineteenth century’ allowed us to expand the digital art and architectural project ‘Digital Samos. A digital approach to the Monastery of San Julián de Samos’. On the one hand, by making the animation, we were able to create an easy-to-read and more effective visual product to disseminate our research results about the evolving nature of the monastic site of San Julián de Samos in north-western Spain, far beyond static computer-aided design reconstructions. On the other hand, we will see that the animation became a research tool that forced us as scholars to tackle the visualization of relational past realms in their entirety and on a short-term time basis, without compromising the rigour with which computer-based visualization methods and outputs should be used in the communication of and research into cultural heritage.
The Use of Quantitative Methods to Study the Colours of Mani Heaps in Tibet: A Dêngqên County Case Study
Authors: Peng Zhijun , Sun Han , Pan Deng , Tao Wenyuan , Zeng Fanyue , Yang Jing , Wang Haoyu
Published: October 2021

An important symbol of religious art, a mani heap is formed from hundreds and thousands of stones or slates carved with copious information about the religion, culture, history, art and lifestyle of the Tibetan people. Mani heaps are scattered almost everywhere in Tibet and are a significant way to understand Tibet and the Tibetans. However, research into mani heaps appears relatively limited in scope so far in Tibet as well as in the Himalayan area. At present, qualitative research is the main method used to describe or explain mani heaps, and this, to a certain extent, had led to a certain subjectivity in interpretation. In this article, we propose a quantitative method for looking at mani heaps by digital processing the colours of 70 mani heaps in Dêngqên County. Compared with previous related studies, the results are more accurate in reflecting the colour features of mani heaps in Dêngqên County. More importantly, this quantitative, digital-processing approach can be highly effective in verifying, underpinning or challenging previous research into mani heaps in Tibet and other Himalayan areas.
Features of the expanded collective management of copyright and (or) related rights objects under the updated legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Kostiv Oleksandr
Published: October 2021

Keywords: collective management of rights, copyright and related rights, extendedmanagement, organization of collective management, accreditation of the organization,remuneration, revocation of rights

The article examines the features of extended collective management of copyright and (or)related rights, as one of collective management types provided by the updated legislationof Ukraine in the study area. The author points out that the expanded collectivemanagement extends to the entire territory of Ukraine and is carried out on the propertyrights of all right holders in the relevant category in the areas for which the organizationis accredited, including those who have not concluded an agreement onmanagement of copyright and (or) related rights with an accredited organization, regardlessof the method chosen by such right holders to manage their rights.Among the areas of expanded collective management are: public performance ofmusical non-dramatic works with text and without text, including those works thatare included in the audiovisual works; public announcement of musical non-dramaticworks with and without text, including those works that are included in the audiovisualworks, except for cable retransmission; the right to a fair remuneration, commonto performers and producers of phonograms (videograms), for the public performance of phonograms and performances recorded in them or a public demonstration ofvideograms and performances recorded therein, published for commercial use; theright to a fair remuneration common to performers and producers of phonograms(videograms) for the public notification of phonograms and their recorded performances,videograms and fixed performances published for commercial purposes otherthan cable retransmission.Analysing the areas of expanded collective management, the author concludes thatthe position of the legislator in the question of completeness of the list of such areas isright, although the areas themselves, in the author's opinion, are not quite correctlydefined. Agreed that expanded collective management somewhat limits the rights ofthe right holder, the list completeness of its application areas contributes to the clarityof its application and does not create risks of involving other areas by analogy. Theauthor notes that for each area of extended collective management, one accredited organizationis determined in the case of absence of any conflicts of interest between themain category of right holders, in whose interests such an organization operates, andother categories of right holders. The remuneration collection system during extendedcollective management is also analysed by the author.Considerable attention in the study is paid to the issue of legal status and featuresof the additional accredited organization. Determinant in the issue of effective managementof copyright and related rights is the right holder’s right to revoke his rightsfrom an additional accredited organization.