bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFIKASI PESTISIDA NABATI DARI TANAMAN SELA JAMBU METE DAN JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN SYNNEMATIUM SP. UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN WERENG PUCUK METE (SANURUS INDECORA)
Authors: Mallarangeng Rahayu , Nurmas Andi , Asniah Asniah
Published: January 2021

Cashew  plant is the one of export commodity that has high economic value compared to the other commodities.  Sanurus indecora is one of major pest in cashew, causing decreased quality and quantity of products.  The aims of this experiments were to the develop integrated pest management of S. indecora, by: (a) utilization and enviroment manipulation of cashew plantation using intercropping plants to control S. indicora, (b) utilization of natural enemies, specially Synnematium sp.,  to control S. indecora. The experiment consisted of : (1) the effect of intercropping plant extracts as botanical pesticide on S. indecora mortality at laboratory, (2) the effect of medium substances on Synnematium sp. growth, as well as  the effect of concentration of Synnematium sp. suspension on S. indecora mortality at laboratory. Botanical pesticides that were used in this experiment was made from extraction of  intercropping plants: extraction of sesame seed, of cassava leaves and pineapple fruit. All experiments were arranged in complete randomized design. The results showed that  0.5 mg/10 mL water of sesame seed extract,  0.1 mg/10 mL water of cassava leaves extract and 2.0 mg/10 mL pineapple fruit extract  concentrations resulted  average 76.67%, 66.67%, and 63.33%  S. indecora mortalities at 24 hours  after application, respectively. The second experiment showed that the growth medium containing rice straw resulted the best growth of Synnematium sp. colonies than the other treatments and 0.1 g/mL  water of Synnematium sp. mycelium  resulted the high mortality (57,5%) at 5 days after application.
TINGKAT SERANGAN DAN JENIS LALAT PENGOROK DAUN PADA TIGA VARIETAS LOKAL BAWANG MERAH DI LEMBAH PALU SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Shahabuddin Shahabuddin , Anshary Alam , Gellang Andi
Published: January 2021

Leafminer  (Liriomyza  sp.) is an exotic pest that currently has  become a new major pest at the onion crops in Palu Valley-Central Sulawesi and it may reduce the yields up to 100%. The study was aimed to  investigate the  infestation level of  leafminer on three local varieties of onion in Palu and to identify the leafminer species infested the onion crops. The  experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three treatments of local onion varieties (Palu, Palasa, and Tinombo) and six replicates. The onion seeds were  grown  in plot of  6 x 4 m and five plants were  randomely chosen as the samples  to observe the percentage of pest infested and the yields. The imago of leafminer from each onion variety were collected and brought to the laboratory for identification. The results showed that the averages of infestation intensity of leafminer were 48.1 % (Palu), 47.6 % (Palasa), and 65.9 % (Tinombo) while the dry weight of bulb  per 5 plant samples were 133.3 g (Palu), 120 g (Palasa), 0 g (Tinombo). The results  indicated that Palu and Palasa varieties  be more resistance to leafminer. The leafminer attacking onion crops in Palu is Liriomyza chinensis as indicated by some morphological characters observed.
PENURUNAN KEPARAHAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG PADA LADA AKIBAT APLIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK DAN TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM
Authors: Ginting Cipta , Maryono Tri
Published: January 2021

Foot rot of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) caused by Phytophthora capsici Leionian is commonly considered as one of the most important problems in black pepper production. The objectives of this research was to determine the influence of organic matter and Trichoderma spp. on the severity of foot rot of black pepper. On the first experiment, five Trichoderma mycelial plugs were applied on planting medium consisting of soil, organic matter, and sand (2:2:1, v/v), then incubated for 7 days.  Black pepper plants were transferred to the planting medium and after 14 days were inoculated on the stems.  The variable observed was disease severity on the stem.  On the second test, Trichoderma that was grown on broken rice (menir) as starter was applied into the planting medium which consists of soil and sand (2:1, v/v).  Two weeks later, black pepper plants were inoculated on the leaves and stems.  The variables observed were the diameter of necrotic on the leaves and disease severity on the stem.  On the first experiment when 15 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were tested, five isolates (T. harzianum isolates 6, 8, 9, 10, and 15) significantly reduced disease severity.  However, on the second test when four out of the five effective isolates were retested, none was found to significantly reduce disease severity on leaves or stems.
AKTIVITAS ANTI MAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK (ANNONA MURICATA L.) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP INDEKS NUTRISI SERTA TERHADAP STRUKTUR MEMBRAN PERITROFIK LARVA INSTAR V SPODOPTERA LITURA F.
Authors: Ambarningrum Trisnowati B. , Setyowati Endang A. , Susatyo Priyo
Published: January 2021

Antifeeding activity of soursop leaf extract    (Annona muricata L.) and its effect on nutrition indices and the microscopic structure of peritrophic membrane of the fifth-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura F. were studied.  Antifeeding test was conducted by choice method. Discs of caisin leaf were dipped into the ether fraction of soursop leaf extract with concentrations of 0; 0.63; 2.50; and 10.00%. Nutrition indices and peritrophic membrane structure were observed by giving fifth-instar larvae  one of the five diets, every group of diet was added to various concentrations of  the ether fraction of soursop leaf extract, containing either 0; 0.63; 1.25; 2.50; and 5.00%. The result showed that  soursop leaf extract had antifeeding activity at tested concentration 2.50%. Relative consumption rate (RCR), relative growth rate (RGR), and  efficiency of conversion of  ingested food  (ECI) were significantly lower in the case of treated larvae than that of the controls. However the efficiency of conversion of digested food  (ECD), approximate digestibility (AD), and peritrophic membrane structure treated with  soursop leaf extract were not significantly affected as compared to those in  controls.
Strategi SMP Angkasa Lanud Padang dalam Menanamkan Nilai- Nilai Nasionalisme melalui Program Cinta Dirgantara
Authors: Yurmanita Delvia , Ananda Azwar
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penanaman nilai nasionalisme di SMP Angkasa Lanud Padang melalui Program Cinta Dirgantara. Pengamalan nilai nasionalisme dapat tergambar melalui sikap rela berkorban, cinta tanah air, berjiwa pemeaharuan, pantang menyerah, mengutamakan persatuan dan kesatuan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kualitatif, dan data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian di SMP Angkasa menunjukkan bahwa, strategi SMP Angkasa menanamkan nilai nasionalisme melalui program cinta dirgantara adalah melalui kegiatan-kegitan yang dilakukan bersama dengan TNI-AU. Beberapa indikator sikap nasionalisme belum mampu terpenuhi oleh siswa, masih ditemui siswa yang tidak mengikuti aktivitas seperti UBHS dengan baik dan kurangnya disiplin siswa. Kurangnya fasilitas untuk melaksanakan program menjadi hambatan utama sekolah, terutama transportasi untuk membawa semua siswa menyambut pesawat. TNI-AU berperan sebagai pelatih dalam ekskul pramuka dan paskibra. Selain itu TNI-AU juga dapat menjadi contoh pengamalan nilai nasionalisme di kehidupan kepada siswa.
Peran Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Nelayan di Pantai Ketaping Kecamatan Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Sa'adah Nor , Isnarmi Isnarmi
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran dan hambatan dari Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Mutiara Laut untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan di Pantai Ketaping Kecamatan Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan mengunakan metode deskriptif karena penelitian ini berusaha mengambarkan dan melukiskan fakta-fakta secara akurat tentang suatu keadaan atau peristiwa yang tampak pada KUB Mutiara Laut. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi,wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. informan penelitian adalah ketua KUB, sekretaris KUB, bendahara KUB ,anggota KUB dan Dinas Perikanan. Uji keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini mengunakan teknik triangulasi data. Kemudian Teknik analisis data dilakukkan dengan empat alur kegiatan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peran dari Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan di di Pantai Ketaping. Adanya Program Kelompok Usaha Bersama( KUB) untuk nelayan masih belum maksimal karena ada beberapa kendala dalam program kegiatan Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) diantaranya pada program pembiayaan dan permodalan yang mana disini adannya kurang rasa tangung jawab untuk menjaga alat yang telah diberikan pemerintah, adannya kecemburuan sosial. Selanjutnya pada program pendidikan,pelatihan dan penyuluhan disini adanya kesibukan masing-masing anggota sehingga tidak hasir dalam pelatihan ataupun rapat.
Antibacterial Activity of Extract A. luteocarpa
Authors: Juwitaningsih Tita , Roza Destria , Susanti Nora
Published: January 2021

Meat is one of the food products that can easily be damaged, ( therefore it is necessary to preserve the process). therefore it needs to be done the process of preservation. In this study we studied the anti-bacterial activity of Alpinia luteocarpa extract against fresh meat rot bacteria, with paper disc diffusion method which is the standard recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI,2012). The results of antibacterial activity test showed extract and fraction of A. luteocarpa able to inhibit bacterial growth B.cereus ATCC 21772   and. K.  pneumonia ATTC 13773. The bacteriostatic properties of the extract and fraction of A. luteocarpa against B. cereus ATCC 21772 and K. pneumonia ATTC 13773 were better than the positive control of chlorhexidine antibiotics (500 μg / mL) with inhibition zones 9-11 mm and 7-9 mm.
Processing of Plastic Waste Into Alternative Fuels in The Form of Grounded (Pertalastic) Through Pirolysis Process in Science Laboratory of MTsN 3 West Aceh
Authors: Ratnawati Syarifah
Published: January 2021

Plastic is one of human needs in daily life, one of which is as a place for wrapping food and drinks, because plastic is practical, clean, and very easy to meet human needs. Increasing the level of public consumption of plastic will also increase the waste / waste produced. The waste has now become a serious environmental problem because of the increasing amount of plastic waste that exists and the level of danger that can be generated from plastic waste for other living things. In Indonesia, the demand for plastic continues to increase until it increases an average of 200 tons per year. As a result of the increased use of plastic is also increasing plastic waste. From testing utilizing existing plastic waste as mentioned above, shows a comparison that is not much different from kerosene traded on the market both in terms of color, thickness, and combustion process. it is known that polyethylene (PE) plastic with a mass of 500 grams can produce as much as 400 ml kerosene in 30 minutes.
Battery Construction From Lime Orange
Authors: Syahputra Ricky Andi , Rahmah Siti , Syafei Minda Shafina , Hidayah Firda Nur , Simanjuntak Maria Enjelita , Hutasoit Robeka , Sitorus Yonas Alexandry , Barutu Zeny Afriska
Published: January 2021

Acidic battery electrolytes, thus fruits that are acidic and contain lots of KCl can be used as an alternative to Citrus or orange electrolytes is one type of fruit that is famous for its acidity because it contains a lot of citric acids (C6H8O7). Oranges also contain calcium, phosphorus, and iron. Another advantage of citrus fruit is its abundant availability, and the waste of orange peel also has acid content, which can also be used as a bio-battery material. It concluded that lime could flow electric current because it contains chemicals such as citric acid, amino acids, glycosides, and calcium: phosphorus. Lime is a lot of ingredients and benefits that are useful for our health. Besides, lime contains chemical elements. Chemical elements found in lime can produce an electric current because it contains citric acid, amino acids, glycosides, phosphorus, etc. Thus, the lime can turn on the lights after being connected in series.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN STEAM BERBASIS GENDER PADA MATERI ARCHAEBACTERIA DAN EUBACTERIA SISWA
Authors: Hasruddin H , Lestari Evi
Published: January 2021

This research aims to know the STEAM ability of students based on Archaebacteria and Eubacteria based on gender in SMAN 2 Percut Sei Tuan, to find out students' views on learning Archaebacteria and Eubacteria material with a scientific approach. The descriptive method in the study used a population of all students of class X Natural Sciences. The sample consisted of 50 male students and 50 female students by random sampling. Data collection using questionnaires and 10 essay questions. Data were analyzed using percentage techniques and differences in gender ability were performed t-test at a significance level of 5% aided by SPSS 24.0. The results showed the science ability of female students (78.67%)> male students (47.07%), th> tt, p 0.05. The ability of technology in female students (61.33%)> male students (47.00%), -th> -tt p 0.05. Engineering ability of female students (64.29%)> male students (50.00%), th> tt, p 0.05. Arts ability of female students (72.40%)> male students (65.00%), th> tt, p 0.05. Mathematical ability of female students (65.75%)> male students (56.25%), th> tt, p 0.05. There are differences in the STEAM ability of students, female students (70.60%) while male students (53.00%), -th> -tt, p 0.05. The views of female students are more positive than male students in learning Archaebacteria and Eubacteria material with a scientific approach.
Vliv členství v Klastru Mechatronika na finanční výkonnost podnikatelských subjektů
Authors: Pelloneová Natalie
Published: January 2021

This paper addresses the impact which could have the membership of some enterprises in an institutionalized cluster on their financial performance. The research file consists of founding enterprises from the Mechatronic Cluster. This cluster was established as a result of a cluster initiative in 2011. Enterprises that create the core of the cluster do business in industries with the following statistical classifications: CZ-NACE 251100, 256000 and 332000. As criteria for assessing financial performance the indicator EVA was used. For the assessment of financial performance the DEA method is applied with two inputs and one output. The aim of the research was to verify the statement that business entities’ membership in the cluster organisation translates into improved financial performance in a time series.
LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN SOLVING CALCULUS TESTS
Authors:   Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palopo, Raupu Sumardin , Thalhah Siti Zuhaerah , Mattoliang Lisnasari Andi ,   Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palopo,   Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Published: January 2021

Calculus is a branch of mathematics that is applied to solve various problems in various fields of science such as engineering, physics, medicine, chemistry, economics, and various other sciences. However, most students assume that calculus is an elusive material. Therefore, it is necessary to have a study of the difficulties of students in solving calculus questions, given the very importance of this concept in taking the next course. This study is qualitative descriptive research that involved forty-two second semester students of the Mathematics Education Program of IAIN Palopo, and six of them are the interview subjects. In data collection, it used written tests and interviews. Furthermore, the data obtained are then analyzed through reduction, data presentation, and conclusions withdrawal. The findings show that the students get learning difficulties in reading by 52.38%, in writing by 66.67%, and in accounting by 57.14%. The factors causing these difficulties, namely students are not able to identify questions, difficulties in using integral symbols, difficulties in using proper techniques and formulas, difficulties in understanding the steps to solve partial integral problems, difficulties in calculations, difficulties in solving until the final stage of the integral process.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS LEARNING TOOLS USING REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION APPROACH TO RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS MATERIAL
Authors:   Program Studi Tadris Matematika, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Takengon, Noviani Julia , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: January 2021

This study aims to produce learning tools using Realistic Mathematics Education approach to relations and functions material. This type of research used the Plomp development model, which consists of three phases, namely the initial investigation phase, the development or prototyping phase, and the assessment phase. The research subjects were grade VIII students of SMPN 2 Takengon. The instruments of research are expert validation sheets, practicality assessment sheets, and effectiveness assessment sheets. The resulting tools include lesson plan, student books, teacher books, and student worksheets. The average assessment of the four aspects of the lesson plan was 3.89 with valid criteria. The average assessment of the three aspects of the teacher's book was 3.98 with valid criteria. The average assessment of three aspects of the student book was 3.97 with valid criteria. The average assessment of two aspects on the student worksheets was 3.75 with valid criteria. Learning implementation 96.86% and carried out well. The teacher's response showed that, on average, 82% of the lesson plan assessment aspects are responded positively by the teacher. The response of student books was obtained by 83.2% of students who gave positive responses to student books and 82.6% of students who gave positive responses to student worksheets. The students’ learning outcomes obtained a classical average value of 74.2. The results of validation and testing of learning tools show that the tools meet the criteria of learning tools developed, referring to valid, practical, and effective.
ETHNOMATHEMATICS THOUGHT AND ITS INFLUENCE IN MATHEMATICAL LEARNING
Authors:   Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Musamus, Saparuddin Nur Andi , Kartono Kartono , Zaenuri Zaenuri , Waluya S B , Rochmad Rochmad ,   Pascasarjana Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Published: January 2021

Mathematics is a symbol of rationality and the highest intellectual achievements of human civilization. Mathematics has always been seen as abstract and formal knowledge. However, in the last few decades, the idea has emerged that mathematics is a knowledge that develops in human cultural activities. The concept of mathematics in culture is widely known as ethnomathematics. This paper aims to briefly describe the history, criticism, and challenges of ethnomathematics, the thoughts of ethnomathematics experts, and their influence in learning mathematics today. The development of ethnomathematics gave rise to a field of study covering aspects of anthropology and the history of mathematics, non-formal mathematics practice, traditional mathematics, and multicultural learning. Various research results indicate that ethnomathematics contributes to improving school mathematics. Although culture has an important role in learning mathematics, to integrate it requires comprehensive efforts to overcome various obstacles. Teachers need to improve competencies related to understanding local culture to maximize the transformation of ethnomathematics learning in the classroom.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SPACE GEOMETRY LEARNING USING GEOGEBRA TO IMPROVE PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS
Authors:   Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, FKIP, Universitas Tidar, Pamungkas Megita Dwi , Nugroho Heny
Published: January 2021

Prospective mathematics teachers must be equipped with problem solving skills because it has a very important place in the mathematics curriculum. The purpose of this research is to get an overview of improving the problem solving skills of prospective mathematics teachers by implementing GeoGebra on space geometry learning. The research was conducted in Study Program of Mathematics Education, Tidar University in the second semester students. This research uses quasi-experimental method, with nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design using two groups, namely experimental group consisting of 36 students got GeoGebra-based space geometry learning and control group consisting of 35 students got conventional space geometry learning. Research instruments in the form of observation sheets and test instruments in the form of pretest and posttest to measure achievements of problem solving skills improvement. The data obtained is then processed and analyzed by calculating the percentage of learning implementation and calculating the average normalized gain score (N-Gain). The results showed that GeoGebra-based Space Geometry learning can improve problem solving skills. In the experimental group, problem solving skills were improved in high category, while in the control group the improvement of problem solving skills in moderate category.
SELF-EFFICACY: ANALYSIS OF LEARNING OUTCOMES OF TEACHER EDUCATION PROFESSIONALS (PPG)
Authors:   Universitas Pasundan, Darta Darta , Saputra Jusep
Published: January 2021

Self-Efficacy (SE) is an essential component in mathematics learning that must be improved so that the teaching performance can convince students. The purpose of this study is how brightspace SPADA (Online Learning System) is developed to measure PPG participants' self-efficacy, which can contribute to the creation of an increase in the quality of education. This study's subjects were PPG participants in the Department of Mathematics Studies in one private LPTK in Bandung, which before the workshop began with online learning. The research method used is the Mixed Method of Embedded Design type and Embedded Experimental Model type. The instrument used was an online test on e-learning and a closed statement SE scale of 10. The analysis used include, (1) Descriptive analysis of online learning outcomes and self-efficacy, (2) Comparative analysis of online learning outcomes between classes (Class A and B) using the Mann Whiney-U test because the data are not normally distributed, (3) Comparative analysis of online learning outcomes between levels, namely junior high, high school, and vocational school (SMP, SMA, and SMK) using ANOVA, (4) Comparative analysis of self-efficacy between classes (Classes A and B) using t-test, because the data is normally distributed, (5) Comparative analysis self-efficacy between levels (SMP, SMA, and SMK) using ANOVA, (6) Analysis of the effect of online learning outcomes on self-efficacy using simple linear regression. The study results are: (1) Descriptive online learning results can be concluded that PPG Mathematics online learning outcomes are above average (≥ 75), based on levels. The result of descriptive statistical data analysis of online learning outcomes is that the average value of participants from SMP, SMA, and SMK is 76.93, 93.12, and 85.92. PPG Mathematics participants' self-efficacy is in the very good category (8.6 from 0-10 intervals), based on the level. Descriptive statistical data analysis obtained the average value of participants from SMP, SMA, and SMK is 8.68, 8.65, and 8.76. (2) There is no significant difference in online learning outcomes between classes A and B. (3) There is no significant difference in online learning outcomes between SMP, SMA, and SMK. (4) There is no significant difference in self-efficacy between classes A and B. (5) There is no significant difference in self-efficacy between SMP, SMA, and SMK. (6) There is no online learning outcomes influence on Self-Efficacy.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TOOLS IN GEOMETRIC MATERIAL
Authors:   Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Alauddin Makassar, Abbas Baharuddin , Rahyuni Ali Ayu , Sulasteri Sri , Majid Ahmad Farham , Yuspiani Yuspiani
Published: January 2021

The research discusses about project-based on learning tools development in geometric material at class IX MtsN Gowa. This research aims to know the process of the project-based learning tools development which fulfills valid, practical, and effective criteria. The research is Research and Development (R&D) which uses the development model of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The development procedure contains 5 steps are: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation. The subject of the research is the students at class IX MTsN Gowa which is in one class, the instruments of the research are the validation sheet, the learning outcome test, student and teacher response questionnaire, observation sheet of the learning process, observation sheet of student activity, and observation sheet of learning management. Based on the result of trials obtained that: (1) RPP 3.24 result of validation learning instrument, 3.41 textbooks, and LKPD 3.26 in each value which obtained in the valid category. (2) Practical based on observation result of learning tools practice with an average of 1.97 is in a fully implemented category, teacher response to textbooks and LKPD gave 100% positive response, the student gave 88.2% positive responses to the textbooks and while LKPD got 82.3% positive responses. (3) Effective based on the result of observation management learning got an average of 3.80 with a very good category, student activity in the very good category with an average of 80.56%, the learning outcome test got an average of 83.82 from 100 maximum scores. In conclusion that learning tools that have been tested fill-up the criteria of valid, practical, and effective.
MATHEMATICAL LITERACY ABILITY OF CAMPER TYPE STUDENTS BASED ON GENDER DIFFERENCES
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, Ma'rup Ma'rup , Husniati Andi , Usman Muhammad Rizal , Kristiawati Kristiawati
Published: January 2021

This study illustrated the mathematical literacy ability of camper type students based on gender differences. The subject of this study were class X MIA students of SMAN 2 Takalar. This study is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach design. The data processed is Adversity Quotient data and students’ mathematical literacy abilities data. Adversity Response Profile (ARP) questionnaire was used to find out students with camper type. The test used to see the mathematical literacy ability of male and female students with camper type is PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) question consists of three questions. Interviews were conducted to further explore students' mathematical literacy ability. Based on the data analysis, it was found that the mathematical literacy ability of the camper type female student was higher than the camper type male student.
The diversification of the succession arrangements on non-agricultural rural properties in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Duarte Luana Cristina , Spanevello Rosani Marisa , Boscardin Mariele , Lago Adriano
Published: January 2021

This article aims to analyze the methods or succession arrangements carried out by farmer’s children whose properties develop non-agricultural activities. Twenty-six young people have been interviewed in the town of Crissiumal, located in the Northwest Region of Rio Grande do Sul state. These young have been selected following some specifications: to live in rural areas on their paternal properties or to be independently settled on other properties; to live in rural areas, performing non-agricultural, pluriactive or para-agricultural activities as a way of generating income. The results demonstrate that non-agricultural activities are important both in keeping the youth in the rural areas and in maintaining the properties’ succession. Therefore, it is possible to find three succession arrangements: generational succession, rural succession, and hereditary succession. It means that the permanence of young people, children of farmers, in the rural area goes beyond the traditional model of generational succession. There are other arrangements in progress when working within the possibilities of non-agricultural activities.
Keywords: Continuity. Rural Area. Succession. Rural Development.
İLKOKULLARDA YETİŞTİRME PROGRAMININ (İYEP) İŞLEVSELLİĞİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜROL Mehmet , GÜL Mustafa
Published: January 2021

Bu araştırmada
İlkokullarda Yetiştirme Programının  değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel
araştırma deseni olan fenomonoloji (olgubilim) 
dayalı bu araştırmada odak grup görüşme ve bireysel görüşme teknikleri
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Kahramanmaraş ilinde programın
uygulandığı 4 okuldan amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi olan ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi
kullanılarak belirlenen 13 öğretmen, 16 öğrenci, 4 yönetici ve 2 veli
oluşturmaktadır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları ile toplanmış ve
içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda programın bütün paydaşlarının
(öğretme, öğrenci, yönetici veli) bu programa ihtiyacın olduğu, programın
öğrencilerin gelişimine katkı sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Programın
uygulanma aşamasında öğrenci seçiminin doğru yapılamaması, süre yetersizliği,
öğrenci devamsızlıkları,  öğrenci ve
öğretmenlerin yorgunluğu, öğrencilerin sıkılması, programla ilgili yönetici,
öğretmen ve velilerin yeterince bilgilendirilmemesi, modüller için belirlenen
sürelerin dengesiz dağılımı, farklı modüllerdeki öğrencilerin aynı grupta yer
almasının zorlukları, ders kapsamının azlığı, kaynakların yetersizliği gibi
sorunların varlığına ulaşılmıştır.
Developing a methodology of internal control of settlement transactions
Authors: KLYCHOVA Guzaliya S. , ZAKIROVA Alsu R. , KLYCHOVA Aigul' S. , GIMADIEV Il'dus M.
Published: January 2021

Subject. This article deals with the issues of internal control of economic entities' settlement operations in the face of increasing receivables and payables. This is influenced by various objective and subjective factors.
Objectives. The article aims to improve the methodological support of internal control of settlement operations in order to improve the quality of checking and provide the information received to the company's management for operational and strategic management decisions.
Methods. For the study, we used a systems approach, comparison, and the methods of data systemization and generalization.
Results. The article presents certain developed working documents of internal control of settlement operations, verification of contracts and confirmation of the state of settlements with counterparties. The article also proposes to rate the reliability of receivables on the basis of a system of key indicators, during the internal control process.
Conclusions and Relevance. The peculiarity of internal control of settlement operations is due to the variety of regulatory and information support of verification. The approaches developed can be used to define the information base, set targets and define control objectives, select control procedures rationally, and apply working documents in the internal control of settlement operations. The presented method of rating counterparties can be used to develop a credit policy to reduce the amount of doubtful debt and improve the efficiency of the company.
Government programmes as a tool for managing social and economic development at the meso-level: Analyzing and evaluating the implementation practices
Authors: PREOBRAZHENSKII Boris G.
Published: January 2021

Subject. This article considers the processes of forming, developing and implementing State-run programmes at the meso-level.
Objectives. The article aims to substantiate the requirements, principles and particularities of the formation of State-run programmes for regional development and analyze and evaluate the practices of their implementation.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of selective analysis, generalization, and the systems and logical framework approaches.
Results. The article identifies certain positive and critical aspects of State-run programmes and formulates reasoned proposals to eliminate side effects arising when developing and implementing various State-run programmes.
Conclusions. The article concludes that it is necessary to ensure the relevance of State-run programmes to the goals and objectives of the socio-economic development strategy at the meso-level. It is necessary to expand the scope of the simulated management of programme formation and implementation tools, as well, and meet and take into account the criteria and specifics of programme development.
Educational Activities for Developing Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Gorzelany Julia , Gorzelany-Dziadkowiec Magdalena
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyse educational activities undertaken in the area ofsocial entrepreneurship. The main conclusions are that respondents do not know about social entrepreneurship and social initiatives are undertaken only to a minimal extent; education for social entrepreneurship is at an unacceptable level. Thus, education in economics in Poland should be enriched with social economy and social entrepreneurship. An essential element that can positively affect the development of social entrepreneurship is the support of social activities undertaken by young people within a broader debate about the social dimension of our lives.
Badanie intencji przedsiębiorczych młodego pokolenia: wyniki ankietyzacji wśród studentów kierunków nieekonomicznych
Authors: Rachwał Tomasz , Wach Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

Przedsiębiorczość zaliczana jest do jednych z podstawowych czynników podnoszenia konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw i rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego układów przestrzennych. Z tego punktu widzenia istotne jest kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych młodych ludzi w procesie edukacyjnym i rożnych formach kształcenia pozaszkolnego oraz rozpoznanie poziomu ich intencji przedsiębiorczych związanych z planowaniem założenia i prowadzenia własnego biznesu. Celem artykułu jest próba określenia wpływu wybranych czynników na intencje przedsiębiorcze młodzieży na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród studentów kierunków nieekonomicznych przy wykorzystaniu teorii planowanego zachowania (theory of planned behaviour – TPB). Analiza wyników badań pozwoliła na weryfikację postawionych hipotez, czyli stwierdzenie m.in. prawidłowości, że wraz z pozytywnym wzrostem indywidualnej postawy względem prywatnej przedsiębiorczości i przedsiębiorców czy wzrostem poczucia własnej skuteczności przedsiębiorczej, zwiększają się intencje przedsiębiorcze badanych studentów. Podobnie na wzrost ten mają wpływ doświadczenia przedsiębiorczości rodzinnej. W konkluzjach wskazano na ograniczenia wnioskowania na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych oraz możliwości rozszerzenia badań o nowe wątki badawcz
Koncepcja oceny i kształtowania postaw przedsiębiorczych na podstawie narzędzi wypracowanych w ramach projektu RLG
Authors: Kilar Wioletta , Kurek Sławomir , Osuch Wiktor , Świętek Agnieszka , Rachwał Tomasz
Published: January 2021

Poziom bezrobocia wśród młodzieży (15–24 lat) w Europie w 2014 r. wyniósł 23%, a w niektórych krajach (Hiszpania, Grecja) zbliżył się do 50%. Średnio stopa bezrobocia wśrod młodzieży w UE jest dwa razy wyższa niż dla dorosłych – dotyka ona ponad 5 mln młodych osób. Największe ryzyko bezrobocia ponoszą osoby z niskim poziomem wykształcenia i o niskich kwalifikacjach. Odpowiedzią na wymienioną sytuację ekonomiczną ludzi młodych jest międzynarodowy projekt „Reaching Lost Generation” (RLG) finansowany ze Śródków UE w ramach programu Erasmus+, skierowany do osób w młodym wieku, nieposiadających zatrudnienia, a jego zadaniem jest rozwijanie kompetencji przedsiębiorczych u tych osób, aby stworzyć im większe szanse na wejście na rynek pracy. Celem artykułu jest określenie kluczowych kompetencji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości dla młodych ludzi stających przed koniecznością wyboru dalszej ścieżki kształcenia lub wejścia na rynek pracy oraz dokonanie przeglądu wybranych narzędzi opracowanych do kształtowania tych kompetencji na podstawie projektu RLG. Projekt realizowany jest wspólnie z partnerami z Węgier (Fundacja EduNet), Niemiec (Euro Training Centre) oraz Wielkiej Brytanii (Train’d Up). W artykule określono 10 najważniejszych kompetencji, które mogą służyć do badania u uczniów, będących na progu wejścia na rynek pracy, kompetencji kluczowej określanej w UE jako „inicjatywność i przedsiębiorczość”. Zaprezentowano także narzędzia niezbędne do diagnozy poziomu rozwoju tych kompetencji u uczniów (w ramach tzw. assessment day) składające się z opracowanych ćwiczeń, arkuszy obserwacji oraz arkusza samooceny. Wstępne wyniki realizacji projektu wykazały duże zróżnicowanie posiadanych przez uczniów kompetencji. Na podstawie materiałów dydaktycznych do ćwiczeń, opracowanych przez partnerów projektu, jest możliwe kształtowanie tej kluczowej kompetencji, podzielonej na poszczególne kategorie.
Opening Closed Doors: Revisiting the Canadian Immigration Record (1933-1945)
Authors: Comartin Justin
Published: January 2021

Since the publication of None is Too Many, it has been generally accepted that less than 5,000 Jews entered Canada from 1933 to 1945. This study examines statistical data compiled by Louis Rosenberg to demonstrate this heretofore accepted figure is incorrect. Additionally, it establishes that Jewish proportional representation amongst Canadian immigrant arrivals increased during the 1930s and into the early 1940s as Jews attempted to leave Nazi-occupied territories. These findings call for a reassessment of the accepted discourse concerning Canada’s immigration activities during the Depression and the Second World War as they challenge the notion of a closed door policy.
The Relationship Between Magnesium Level in Pregnancy with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ambelina Syntia , Djanas Dovy , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: January 2021

Introduction : Magnesium is one of important micronutrients in pregnancy. Pregnant women needs higher magnesium intake than non-pregnant women at similar age. Decreased blood and cellular magnesium level was related to insulin resistance.Objective : To determine relationship between mean magnesium level in pregnant women with incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods : This was quantitative analytic study using cross sectional comparative design conducted in 8 Primary Health Care in Padang and 5 General Hospital in West Sumatra. This study was done from December 2019 until March 2020. Total sample collected was 36 samples consisted of 18 pregnant mother with gestational diabetes mellitus and 18 control sample with normal pregnancy, both were in gestational age between 24-28 weeks. Statistical analysis was done using independent sample T-test.Results : Mean magnesium level of pregnant mother with gestational diabetes mellitus was 1.85 Â± 0.12 mg/dL, while in control sample was 2.10 Â± 0.15 mg/dL. Statistical result using independent sample T-test showed significant correlation between mean magnesium level and incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus with p <0.001 (p value <0.05)Conclusion : Magnesium level during pregnancy is related to gestational diabetes mellitus incidence.Keywords: magnesium level, pregnant women, gestational diabetes mellitus
Correlation of Colony Lactobacillus spp. with The Incident of Overactive Bladder with OBSS Score at Pauh Primary Health Center Padang
Authors: Gumilar Rimbun Wahyu , Utama Bobby Indra , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: January 2021

Background : Overactive bladder (OAB) is a group of urgent symptoms, with or without urgent incontinence. Research shows that some Lactobacillus spp. can be a sign of a women bladderâ€™s good health; and found a decrease number of Lactobacillus spp. in patients with OAB. This study aims to assess the correlation of Lactobacillus spp. colony with OAB using the OABSS score at Pauh Primary Health Center, Padang.Method : This research is an analytic study with a cross sectional comparative design. The research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at Pauh Primary Health Center. All women aged 20-40 years who came to Pauh Primary Health Center during the study period were included in the study. Pregnant women, having pelvic abnormalities and a history of other urinary tract diseases or having a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were excluded in the study. Numerical data are presented in the form of central tendency. Bivariate analysis was performed using the t-independent test if the data distribution was normal and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test if the distribution of the data was not normally distributed.Result: There were 42 samples consisting of 21 OAB respondents and 21 normal respondents. The age of the respondents in the OAB group was 28 Â± 6.8 years, while the normal group was 32 Â± 7.3 years (p> 0.05). The number of Lactobacillus spp colonies in the normal group was higher than the OAB group, namely 16,389,670 Â± 74,380,427.9 CU / ml compared to 15,229,634 Â± 67,553,932.9 CU / ml (p> 0.05).Conclusion: There was no correlation between the number of Lactobacillus Spp colonies and the incidence of Overactive Bladder. It is necessary to do further research regarding other risk factors associated with the incidence of OAB and the causes of the decrease number of Lactobacillus spp colonies in OAB patients and the presence of other microorganisms, especially pathogenic microorganisms.Â Keywords: overactive bladder, Lactobacillus, OABSS score
Differences of Magnesium Level Between Normal Pregnancy and Preeclamsia
Authors: Pradipta Rengga , Sriyanti Roza , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: January 2021

Background: Preeclampsia is a multi-organ disorder that occurs in pregnant women with high blood pressure which is still difficult to predict. Until now, many theories have put forward the causes of preeclampsia, one of which is much debated is the lack of nutrition in pregnant women which can lead to preeclampsia. Several studies suggest that there is a relationship with the lack of micronutrient intake, especially magnesium, which causes preeclampsia, especially in developing countries. Magnesium deficiency is one possible factor causing severe preeclampsia. Magnesium plays a role in normal neuromuscular function, regulation of calcium, potassium and transport of sodium in the membrane as a regulation of the activation of ATP. Magnesium also plays a role in blood pressure regulation. Magnesium deficiency can lead to endothelial malfunction, hypertension and failure of the cardiovascular system. The role of magnesium is in enzyme reactions that bind to anaerobic glucose metabolism, the krebs cycle, fatty acid oxidation and reactions between coenzyme and fatty acids. Magnesium deficiency will result in changes to the nerves, muscles and blood vessels.Methods: Analytical observational study with cross sectional design in 17 women with preeclampsia and 17 normal pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Research subjects were collected at Dr M Djamil Padang General Hospital, November 2019 to January 2020. Magnesium levels were checked by enzymatic methods. The difference in the mean magnesium preeclampsia and normal pregnancy was analyzed using independent t test.Results: Mean magnesium in preeclampsia was lower than normal pregnancy (1.61 Â± 0.59aÂµg / ml vs 2.20 Â± 0.18, p = 0.001).Conclusion: Mean magnesium level in preeclampsia was significantly lower than normal pregnancy..Keywords: Average levels of magnesium, magnesium, preeclampsia, normal pregnancy
Russian borrowings in Mountain Aryan speech and their use by modern native speakers
Authors: Ertsikova Galina Alekseevna
Published: January 2021

Russian Russian The subject of this study was foreign language words that penetrated into the speech of native speakers of the Mountain-Aryan language from Russian or through the Russian language. The object of the study is the oral speech of modern speakers of the Mountain-Aryan language. The purpose of the work is to determine what role Russian loanwords play in the oral modern mountainвЂ“Aryan speech. The study was conducted on the basis of dialectological materials collected in the villages of the Gornomari district of the Republic of Mari El, as well as saved recordings of the radio program "Kyryk Mary tsäsh" ("Gornomari hour") and the TV program "Kyryk Sirem" ("My Gornomari region") in the Gornomari language, using observation methods, linguistic descriptions, elements of the comparative method, techniques of continuous sampling. The scientific novelty of the study is that it is the first time that Russian borrowings in the oral speech of modern mountain Mari are considered. В  The analysis of the factual material allowed the author to come to the following conclusions: in the active vocabulary of the mountain Mari people, there are words that have long been included in the Mountain Mari language, have been firmly assimilated by them and are not perceived by native speakers as foreign; there are quite a large number of words known to all native speakers and are the only name of the designated concepts; in the speech of people of the new for generations, there is an excessive unmotivated use of foreign words, which clogs up the native language, loses its identity, complicates communication between people, makes it not clear to everyone, leads to the formation of ridiculous phrases.
Poetry book and ensemble unity in Yakut women’s poetry at the turn of the XX – XXI centuries
Authors: Romanova Lidiya Nikolaevna
Published: January 2021

The object of this research is the women's poetry of Yakutia of the turn of the XX – XXI centuries. The subject of this research is the evolution of the lyrical poetry book in modern Yakut women's poetry. Works of the two leading lyricists of modernity Natalia Kharlampieva and Olga Koryakina-Umsuura served as the material for this research. Comparative-typological analysis of their works is aimed at determination of genre characteristics of the lyric poetry book and the ensemble unity of the poetry book of various years. The author examines the specificity of the lyric poetry book as a metagenre and its genre characteristics. Special attention is given to the ideological-thematic, architectonic and leitmotif components that unite the works into a single, holistic literary text. The author also explores the problem of formation of the ensemble unity of books of poems within the limits of works of a single author, which unifying principle is a lyrical metaplot that develops from book to book. The lyrical poetry book is presented as a form of authorial self-identification. The main conclusions of consists in determination of specificity of formation of the lyric poetry book and ensemble unity in Yakut women's poetry, its individual authorial and ethnic unique features. The comparative material allows revealing the dominant genre attributes of metagenre formations that imply “novelism” of the entirety of poetry books by Natalia Kharlampieva, and the cyclicity, intertextual coherence of the books by Umsuura. The author’s special contribution consists in elaboration of the methods for analyzing book macrocyclic forms through the prism of their motif-leitmotif systematicity and architectonic completeness. The novelty of this work is defined by the fact that for the first time in Yakut literary studies, Yakut women's lyrics is described as a developing system, aiming for “larger” macro-forms as an opportunity to systemically present the fullness of authorial worldview.