bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of simvastatin on thrombopoiesis in porcine bone marrow
Authors: Snarska Anna , Wysocka Dominika , Rytel Liliana
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Statins are pharmacological agents commonly used to lower serum cholesterol level. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of the statin simvastatin on thrombopoiesis in the porcine model because it is the closest to the human one regarding physiological and genetic similarities.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 32 pigs randomly divided into two equal groups: control and experimental. The pigs were treated for 28 and 56 days with simvastatin in a dose of 40 mg per day per animal. Cytological evaluation of bone marrow smears was performed to assess the average number of all types of cells during thrombopoiesis as was analysis of haematological parameters to assess PLT and MPV.

Results: During the course of the experiment statistically significant changes in the number of promegakaryocytes were observed. Other parameters also showed some fluctuations during the study. However, these changes were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The obtained results clearly indicate a toxic influence of simvastatin on the process of thrombopoiesis and prove that statins reduce mean platelet volume, thus affecting the process of clot formation through the period of administration in a duration-dependent manner.
Resynchronisation as an element of improving cattle reproduction efficiency
Authors: Jaśkowski Jędrzej M. , Gehrke Marek , Herudzińska Magdalena , Jaśkowski Bartłomiej M. , Brüssow Klaus-Peter
Published: March 2019

Oestrus resynchronisation (RES, Resynch) programmes for non-pregnant cows allow shortening the period between an unsuccessful insemination and the next attempt on the same cow. The protocol of oestrus RES may be started after ruling out pregnancy by means of ultrasonography carried out 28 days after insemination or after performing a test for pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PAG) in blood or milk. The Resynch protocol can be based on a double application of prostaglandins, the OvSynch protocol, or hormonal therapy with exogenous sources of progesterone (CIDR intravaginal devices). The efficiency of the method depends on the functional state of the ovaries, the diameter of the corpus luteum, external factors, and the health and maturity of the cows. The present paper constitutes a comparison of research findings concerning the effectiveness of RES programmes.
Taxonomic justification of the pathogenic strongylid infecting the Arabian camel Camelus dromedarius as Haemonchus longistipes by morphological and molecular phylogeny
Authors: Dajem Saad , Morsy Kareem , Al-Kahtani Mohammed , Abdel-Gaber Rewaida
Published: March 2019

Introduction: There is still lack of morphological and phylogenetic information on the pathogenic nematode of the camel Haemonchus longistipes. In the present study, this parasite was isolated in Saudi Arabia and described.

Material and Methods: The abomasa of two Arabian camels were collected from a slaughterhouse in Abha province and examined for nematode infection. Worms were described morphologically and morphometrically by electron microscopy. Multiple sequence alignment and the phylogenetic tree of the parasite were constructed from maximum likelihood analysis of its ITS-2 rDNA sequences.

Results: These nematodes had a slender body terminating anteriorly at a conspicuous dorsal lancet. A pair of lateral cervical papillae distant from the anterior end was observed. The buccal aperture was hexagonal and surrounded by two amphids, six externo-labial papillae, and four cephalic papillae. Males terminated posteriorly at a bursa supported by spicules and lateral and dorsal rays. Females were linguiform and knobbed morphotypes with distinct ovijectors and a dorsal rim covering the anal pore. The taxonomy was confirmed by the morphology and number of the longitudinal cuticular ridges in a 43–46 range. The sequence alignment and phylogeny revealed 92% homology with H. longistipes (AJ577461.1), and the sequence was deposited into GenBank.

Conclusion: The present study describes H. longistipes morphologically and molecularly which facilitates further discrimination of this species worldwide.
Las normas de conflicto del Reglamento de la Unión Europea 2016/1103 sobre regímenes económicos matrimoniales: normas materialmente orientadas
Authors: Sánchez-Moraleda Ana Moreno
Published: March 2019

El Reglamento de la Unión Europea (UE) nº 2016/1103 sobre regímenes económicos matrimoniales, unifica las normas de conflicto entre los Estados miembros participantes en la cooperación reforzada. En el presente estudio se analizan los distintos puntos de conexión para determinar la ley aplicable: elección limitada de ley por los cónyuges, ley de residencia habitual o nacionalidad de los cónyuges como leyes más próximas, así como la ley de vínculos más estrechos o la ley de última residencia habitual de los cónyuges como clausula de excepción. Todas estas leyes aplicables a los efectos patrimoniales del matrimonio, persiguen un determinado resultado material, como consecuencia, comprobaremos que este Reglamento europeo tiene el acierto de establecer normas de conflicto materialmente orientadas frente al funcionamiento neutral de las tradicionales normas de conflicto de los Estados.
Role of Laws to Control Brick Manufacturing and Kiln Establishment in Bangladesh: Scope of Alternative Bricks
Authors: Abir Asif Hossain
Published: March 2019

In Bangladesh, clay bricks are extensively used as building construction material. Rapid urbanization in the country has spurred the brick production of 8.6 billion each year. Larger part of brick fields have been set up illicitly, near human homes, schools, colleges, medicinal services offices, disregarding the current laws in this regard. Top soil of agricultural land is collected for producing bricks. As a result our country is losing hectares of precious topsoil each year. In Bangladesh, around 12,000 brick kilns are in operation. A kiln produces averagely 8,500 bricks using 1,000 cubic feet of topsoil. Tons of forest wood is burned to produce bricks every year. Brick kilns emissions consist of carbon-dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM) including black carbon (BC), sulphur-dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO), thereby causing air pollution. Brick kilns around Dhaka are responsible for up to 58 percent of all the fine-particulate air pollution in the capital.

Unabated growth and running of brick kilns reveals the fact that the law enforcement mechanism is not functioning properly. Housing and Building Research Institute (HBRI), has come up with various alternatives of bricks, rarely used in any private or public buildings. This study concentrates on the roles of existing laws to control brick manufacturing and kiln establishment in Bangladesh and also scope of Alternative Bricks (ABs) in Bangladesh.
Kinh tế thế giới và Việt Nam quý 1 năm 2019, triển vọng và hàm ý cho Việt Nam
Authors: Nhung Nguyen Cam
Published: March 2019

Sau sự mở rộng hoạt động sản xuất mạnh mẽ trong năm 2017, động lực kinh tế toàn cầu vẫn tiếp tục được duy trì trong nửa đầu năm 2018. Tuy nhiên, do bị tác động bởi cuộc chiến tranh thương mại Mỹ - Trung, khủng hoảng ở một số nền kinh tế mới nổi, cùng với đầu tư toàn cầu sụt giảm khiến cho kinh tế toàn cầu năm 2018 kém “tươi sáng” so với dự báo ban đầu của các tổ chức quốc tế. Những sai lầm về chính sách cùng biến động khó lường về địa chính trị và kinh tế đã phần nào gây ảnh hưởng tới sức khỏe kinh tế của nhiều nước trên thế giới, góp phần làm cho đầu tư toàn cầu giảm và tăng trưởng của nhiều nền kinh tế giảm sút. Trong quý 1 năm 2019, xu hướng bảo hộ mậu dịch chưa có dấu hiệu giảm, nội bộ châu Âu chia rẽ, bất đồng giữa các nước lớn vẫn chưa được giải quyết, các cuộc xung đột địa - chính trị vẫn đang tiếp diễn... khiến cục diện kinh tế toàn cầu bị ảnh hưởng. Tăng trưởng kinh tế thế giới đã “đi ngang” và dần dần chuyển hướng đi xuống. GDP toàn cầu ước tính giảm khoảng 400 tỷ USD. Hai đầu tàu kinh tế thế giới mạnh nhất là Mỹ và Trung Quốc đều chứng kiến sự suy giảm tăng trưởng vào những tháng cuối năm 2018 và đầu năm 2019.
ANALISIS TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE (TPM) PADA STASIUN KERNEL CRUSHING PLANT (KCP) DI PT. X
Authors: Hairiyah Nina , Rizki Raden , Wijaya Rino Adi
Published: March 2019

PT. X merupakan industri pengolahan kelapa sawit yang menghasilkan produk CPO dan PKO. Pada proses produksi di PT. X, mesin yang sering mengalami downtime besar dan breakdown paling banyak terjadi pada mesin First Press di stasiun Kernel Crushing Plant (KCP). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) dengan menggunakan Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) pada mesin first press di stasiun KCP. Data yang digunakan berupa data teoritis dan historis mengenai TPM, OEE, dan jam kerja mesin first press. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai OEE pada mesin first press di stasiun KCP PT. X belum memenuhi standar internasional yang telah ditetapkan. Nilai OEE untuk mesin first press pada stasiun KCP memiliki nilai sebesar 68,26% dengan selisih yang cukup jauh dengan nilai standar Internasional yaitu sebesar 85%. Penyebab rendahnya nilai OEE mesin first press di stasiun KCP PT. X karena faktor umur mesin yang sudah tua, proses maintenance yang lama, serta kualitas kernel yang rendah.
ANALISIS RANTAI PASOK DAN PEMASARAN BIJI KOPI DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Taib Gunarif , Hari Purnama Dini
Published: March 2019

Rantai pasok pada pemasaran produk pertanian sangat mempengaruhi tingkat keuntungan yang diperoleh petani sebagai produsen.  Karena itu petani kopi harus mampu menyesuaikan diri, atau mempunyai alternatif lain dalam pemasaran biji kopi yang dihasilkannya. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis rantai pasok dan pemasaran biji kopi.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di beberapa daerah penghasil kopi di Propinsi Sumatera Barat, khususnya untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani kopi dalaam memasarkan biji kopi yang dihasilkannya. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk mengetahui bobot dari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam memasarkan biji kopi yang dihasilkannya. Dari penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa faktor yang menentukan jalur pemasaran yang dipilih oleh petani kopi dipengaruhi oleh fakto-faktor berikut ini : jumlah produksi (0,4322), mutu (0,3347), harga (0,1977), keberadaan industri pengolahan kopi bubuk (0,0354).
KAJIAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM PADA PENENTUAN JADWAL TANAM CABAI DI KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Irsyad Fadli , Ekaputra Eri Gas , Assyaukani Assyaukani
Published: March 2019

Perubahan iklim erat kaitannya dengan perubahan pola hujan dan intensitas curah hujan yang berimbas kepada perubahan musim tanam. Kajian mengenai perubahan iklim perlu dilakukan untuk menentukan kapan musim tanam yang sesuai dengan proporsi pertumbuhan tanaman tersebut. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode Man-Kendall untuk melihat apakah perubahan iklim dan curah hujan terjadi signifikan atau tidak. Metode Sens digunakan untuk melihat tingkat kemiringan perubahan tersebut yang kemudian digunakan untuk mengestimasi curah hujan bulanan pada tahun 2018 s/d 2019. Selanjutnya perhitungan neraca air dilakukan untuk melihat keseimbangan air yang akan digunakan sebagai pedoman penetapan jadwal tanam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada wilayah ini, pada umumnya terjadi perubahan iklim pada setiap parameter iklim dengan tren positf kecuali pada parameter temperatur dan kecepatan angin yang mengalami tren negatif. Perubahan iklim terjadi pada tingkat probabilitas yang bervariasi berkisar antara 58 % - 100 %. Parameter iklim yang mengalami tren signifikan yaitu; kecepatan angin kumulatif dan maksimum dengan tren negatif pada probabilitas 100%, kelembaban relatif rata-rata dan minimum dengan tren positif pada probabilitas sebesar 100 %, dan Evaporasi dengan tren positif pada probabilitas rata-rata 95 %. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca air pada Stasiun Candung didapatkan jadwal tanam cabai yang tepat berada pada Bulan Februari. Sedangkan pada Stasiun Matur, jadwal yang tanam cabai dapat dilakukan pada Bulan Mei, dan Stasiun Gobah pada Bulan Januari. Diharapkan kepada petani cabai untuk menyesuaikan jadwal tanam cabai pada bulan tersebut agar mendapatkan kuantitas dan kualitas cabai yang diharapkan.
Genetic diversity of Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) revealed by RAPD characterization
Authors: Qazi Pervaiz Hassan Sajad Ahmad Lone, , Gupta Suphla
Published: March 2019

Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) is a rare perennial monotypic medicinal herb of Berberidaceae family, endemic to high altitude shady coniferous forests of Northwestern Himalayas in India. Traditionally, it has been used in local health care system for treatment of many ailments. In the present study, a total of ten RAPD markers were used for assessment of genetic diversity in twenty accessions of E. elatum, collected from diverse ecozones in Jammu and Kashmir. Ten primers amplified a total of 100 polymorphic bands with average of 10 bands per assay unit. Primer OPO-07 generated maximum number of bands (15) & produced highest polymorphic information content (0.39), marker index (5.96) and resolving power (8.9), thereby distinguishing E. elatum genotypes. The study showed moderate level of genetic polymorphism in twenty accessions of E. elatum. RAPD data set revealed association between genetic diversity and eco-geographic distribution of most E. elatum genotypes, and thereby proved useful tool for their genetic/molecular characterization. There is an urgent need for developing quick conservation strategies to save its natural germplasm from extinction in the Northwestern Himalayas.
Research work presentation with Cards Diagram
Authors: Munir Saima
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we proposed appropriate diagram to present and converted research work or data into information base of cards is called Cards diagram. It provide meaningful summary and very helpful for researchers/ students to decide and define research work in meetings. The concept of a diagram within diagram is being introduced the first time through it. The logic of a conceptual model, modelling language, meta-model and tool also explained with details.
INFLUENCE OF THE USE COVERAGE PLANTS AND THE BIOACTIVATOR IN THE PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL CULTIVATED WITH COFFEE
Authors: Franco Júnior Kleso Silva , Florentino Ligiane Aparecida , Dias Marcio De Souza , Franco Thais Cristina
Published: March 2019

One of the alternatives to increase productivity and without harming the environment is the use of green cover associated with soil bioactivators. However, there are still incipient studies reporting the association influence of these two techniques on soil quality. In this sense, the objective in this work was to evaluate the Penergetic® bioactivator effect associated to different cover plants on the physical and biological characteristics of the soil cultivated with coffee tree. The experiment was carried out in a coffee field with Catuaí Vermelho cultivar IAC 144, in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme 4 (soil cover) x 2 (use or not of the Penergetic® bioactivator), consisting of control (without plant cover); oats (Avena strigosa) + forage turnip (Raphanus sativus); oats (Avena strigosa) + forage turnip (Raphanus sativus) + lupine (Lupinus albus) + rye (Secale cereale) + vetch (Vicia sativa) (RLSV); Brachiaria brizantha (Urochloa brizantha), associated or not with the Penergetic® bioactivator use. The experiment was conducted for 6 months and after that period physical and biological soil characteristics were analyzed. Data were analyzed by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. The treatments containing cover plants had lower temperature and greater water retention.  The bioactivator use reduced the nematodes population from the Meloidogyne genus and when associated to the cover plants increased the density of diazotrophic bacteria and solubilizers of phosphorus and potassium.
Authors: Hidayatullah Ahmad Fathan , Fadila Aufa Aulia , Juwairi Kiki Purnama , Nayoan Royan Abida
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi tweet yang mengandung konten kasar atau ofensif. Untuk melakukan hal tersebut, ada lima tahap yang dilalui yaitu pengumpulan data, preprocessing, ekstraksi fitur, klasifikasi, dan evaluasi. Adapun algoritma klasifikasi yang digunakan adalah Multinomial Naïve Bayes dan Support Vector Machine dengan linear kernel. Berdasarkan eksperimen, diketahui bahwa performa algoritma Support Vector Machine dengan linear kernel lebih unggul secara keseluruhan dibandingkan dengan algoritma Multinomial Naïve Bayes. Hal tersebut dilihat dari perolehan nilai accuracy, precision, recall, dan F1-score untuk algoritma SVM berturut-turut adalah 0.9928; 0.9914; 0.9946; dan 0.9930. Sedangkan perolehan accuracy, precision, recall, dan F1-score algoritma Multinomial Naïve Bayes berturut-turut adalah 0.9834; 0.9912; 0.9762; dan 0.9836. Namun demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa algoritma Support Vector Machine dan Multinomial Naïve Bayes memiliki performa yang hampir sama baiknya. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan selisih capaian performa yang tidak terlalu mencolok dari keduanya.
The Mce3R stress-resistance pathway is vulnerable to small-molecule targeting that improves tuberculosis drug activities
Authors: Yang Xinxin , Yuan Tianao , Ma Rui , Chacko Kieran , Smith Melissa , Deikus Gintaras , Sebra Robert , Kasarskis Andrew , van Bakel Harm , Franzblau Scott G. , Sampson Nicole
Published: March 2019

One-third of the world’s population carries Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the infectious agent that causes tuberculosis (TB), and every 17 seconds someone dies of TB. After infection, Mtbcan live dormant within macrophages for decades in a granuloma structure arising from the host immune response; and cholesterol is important for this persistence of Mtb. Current treatments require long-duration drug regimens with many associated toxicities, which are compounded by the high doses required. We phenotypically screened 35 6-azasteroid analogues against Mtband found that at low micromolar concentrations, a subset of the analogues sensitized Mtbto multiple TB drugs. Two analogues were selected for further study to characterize the bactericidal activity of bedaquiline and isoniazid under normoxic and low-oxygen conditions. These two 6-azasteroids showed strong synergy with bedaquiline(fractional inhibitory concentration index = 0.21, bedaquiline minimal inhibitory concentration = 16 nM at 1 μM 6-azasteroid). The rate at which spontaneous resistance to one of the 6-azasteroids arose in the presence of bedaquiline was approximately 10−9, and the 6-azasteroid-resistant mutants retained their isoniazid and bedaquiline sensitivity. Genes in the cholesterol-regulated Mce3R regulon were required for 6-azasteroid activity, whereas genes in the cholesterol catabolism pathway were not. Expression of a subset of Mce3R genes was down-regulated upon 6-azasteroid treatment. The Mce3R regulon is implicated in stress resistance and is absent in saprophytic mycobacteria. This regulon encodes a cholesterol-regulated stress-resistance pathway that we conclude is important for pathogenesis and contributes to drug tolerance, and that this pathway is vulnerable to small-molecule targeting in live mycobacteria.
Plasmon-Induced Hot-Carrier Generation differences in Gold and Silver Nanoclusters
Authors: Douglas-Gallardo Oscar A. , Berdakin Matias , Frauenheim Thomas , Sánchez Cristián G
Published: March 2019

In the last thirty years, the study of plasmonic properties of noble metal nanostructures has become a very dynamic research area. The design and manipulation of matter in the nanometric scale demand a deep understanding of the underlying physico-chemical processes that operate in this size regimen. Here, a fully atomistic study of the spectroscopic and photodynamic properties of different icosahedral silver and gold nanoclusters have been carried out by using Time-Dependent Density Functional Tight-Binding (TD-DFTB) model. Optical absorption spectra of different icosahedral silver and gold nanoclusters of diameters between 1 and 4 nanometers has been simulated. Furthermore, the energy absorption process have been quantified by means of calculating a fully quantum absorption cross-section using the information contained in the reduced single-electron density matrix. This approach allows us take into account for the quantum confinement effects dominating in this size regime. Likewise, the plasmon-induced hot-carrier generation process under laser illuminations have been explored from a fully dynamical perspective. We have found noticeable differences in the energy absorption mechanisms and the plasmon-induced hot-carrier generation process in both metals which can be explained by their respective electronic structures. These difference can be attributed to the existence of ultra-fast electronic dissipation channels in gold nanoclusters that are absented in silver nanoclusters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that addresses this topic from a real time fully atomistic time-dependent approach.
Naphtho[2,1-e]-1,2-azaphosphorine-2-oxide Derivatives: Synthesis, Optoelectronic Properties, and Self-Dimerization Phenomena
Authors: DENG Chun-Lin , Bard Jeremy P. , Zakharov Lev N. , Johnson Darren W. , Haley Michael M.
Published: March 2019

A library of novel naphtho[2,1-e]-fused 1,2-azaphosphorine-2-oxides that contain electron-withdrawing and -donating substituents on the 3-phenyl groups have been designed, prepared and characterized. This new family of phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing heterocycles are found to be brightly fluorescent with tuneable emission wavelengths (lem = 441−493nm, FF = 0.19−0.93). Their strong self-dimerization behaviours through N−H and P=O hydrogen bond donors/acceptors were investigated experimentally and theoretically. It has been demonstrated that the pendant phenyl groups can be used to modify the intrinsic optoelectronic properties as well as the self-association of heterocycles. These results presented herein are expected to enable the development of new photofunctional materials and provide important insights in diverse areas of supramolecular chemistry.
A dual role for SAMHD1 in regulating HBV cccDNA and RT-dependent particle genesis
Authors: Wing Peter AC , Davenne Tamara , Wettengel Jochen , Lai Alvina G , Zhuang Xiaodong , Chakraborty Anindita , D’Arienzo Valentina , Kramer Catharina , Ko Chunkyu , Harris James M , Schreiner Sabrina , Higgs Martin , Roessler Stephanie , Parish Joanna L , Protzer Ulrike , Balfe Peter , Rehwinkel Jan , McKeating Jane A
Published: March 2019

Chronic hepatitis B is one of the world’s unconquered diseases with more than 240 million infected subjects at risk of developing liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B virus reverse transcribes pre-genomic RNA to relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) that comprises the infectious particle. To establish infection of a naïve target cell, the newly imported rcDNA is repaired by host enzymes to generate covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which forms the transcriptional template for viral replication. SAMHD1 is a component of the innate immune system that regulates deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate levels required for host and viral DNA synthesis. Here, we show a positive role for SAMHD1 in regulating cccDNA formation, where KO of SAMHD1 significantly reduces cccDNA levels that was reversed by expressing wild-type but not a mutated SAMHD1 lacking the nuclear localization signal. The limited pool of cccDNA in infectedSamhd1KO cells is transcriptionally active, and we observed a 10-fold increase in newly synthesized rcDNA-containing particles, demonstrating a dual role for SAMHD1 to both facilitate cccDNA genesis and to restrict reverse transcriptase-dependent particle genesis.
Epidermal development requires ninein for spindle orientation and cortical microtubule organization
Authors: Lecland Nicolas , Hsu Chiung-Yueh , Chemin Cécile , Merdes Andreas , Bierkamp Christiane
Published: March 2019

In mammalian skin, ninein localizes to the centrosomes of progenitor cells and relocates to the cell cortex upon differentiation of keratinocytes, where cortical arrays of microtubules are formed. To examine the function of ninein in skin development, we use epidermis-specific and constitutive ninein-knockout mice to demonstrate that ninein is necessary for maintaining regular protein levels of the differentiation markers filaggrin and involucrin, for the formation of desmosomes, for the secretion of lamellar bodies, and for the formation of the epidermal barrier. Ninein-deficient mice are viable but develop a thinner skin with partly impaired epidermal barrier. We propose two underlying mechanisms: first, ninein contributes to spindle orientation during the division of progenitor cells, whereas its absence leads to misoriented cell divisions, altering the pool of progenitor cells. Second, ninein is required for the cortical organization of microtubules in differentiating keratinocytes, and for the cortical re-localization of microtubule-organizing proteins, and may thus affect any mechanisms that depend on localized microtubule-dependent transport.
Apresentação Dossiê Universal e Particular
Authors: Marinho Thais A Alves
Published: March 2019

A existência da pluralidade de valores e grupos na atualidade demonstra que as diversas culturas e grupos de pessoas imbuídos de conjuntos individualizados de hábitos, atitudes, representações coletivas, maneiras de sentir e de fazer específicos, em determinados momentos, desenvolvem práticas e/ou políticas em várias frentes que visam garantir e preservar suas particularidades, em nome da comunidade, classe, sexo, etnia, amparando-se nas culturas, na tradição, engendrando uma sociedade multicultural. Esse momento histórico pode ser interpretado como uma reação ao desencanto na cultura implícito nas exigências críticas da Razão universal e ao modo como se desenvolveram historicamente esses ideais da modernidade. Em um cenário como esse o dossiê “Universal e Particular” visa reunir trabalhos que discutam como essa reorganização da estrutura de temporalidade, voltada para a memória, para o passado, para o retorno às identidades, para a diferença, expressa a necessidade de se pensar o papel da cultura, enquanto elemento e perspectiva de se organizar o poder e o saber nos atuais contextos sócio-históricos plurais submetidos às radicais transformações dos processos técnico-informacionais, e nas possíveis consequências e desdobramentos da centralidade que essa categoria vem adquirindo na sociedade contemporânea.
O uso da cultura no Romantismo alemão
Authors: Nicolau Netto Michel
Published: March 2019

A diferença se torna um valor na sociedade contemporânea. Dessa forma, grupos minoritários buscam afirmar essa diferença em torno de preceitos identitários, a partir dos quais organizam suas ações e suas demandas. Embora isso seja típico de nosso tempo, elementos desse fenômeno se encontram em outras épocas. De fato, muitos autores chegam mesmo a perceber na valorização contemporânea da diferença uma correspondência com a época romântica, em que intelectuais articularam a diferença em oposição ao universalismo dos ilustrados. É evidente que há distâncias entre os dois tratamentos da diferença, mas me interessa pensar neste texto as possibilidades de relação em torno de um aspecto central: o uso que atores sociais fazem ou fizeram da diferença cultural para afirmar particularidades e, assim, empreenderem lutas contra processos percebidos com universalistas. Tendo essa constelação temporal em mente, volto-me, contudo, somente ao século XIX e ao espaço alemão. Meu foco é analisar os intelectuais daquele tempo-espaço que formam o romantismo e elementos de um discurso nacionalista alemão em oposição, especialmente, ao cosmopolitismo francês. Desejo mostrar as razões sociais e históricas para a ação desses intelectuais e seus modos de articulação da diferença.
Entre Estruturas e Agentes: Recente contribuição para a discussão acerca de Práticas de Consumo na Sociedade Contemporânea
Authors: Rodrigues Vanessa Ionara
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo recente sobre Práticas de consumo, discussão indispensável às sociedades (de consumo) contemporâneas. A tese, que se propõe tensa, plural e reflexiva, realiza uma análise pluriperspectivada do consumo como prática social, tocando em aspectos como o desejo, o status, habitus, reflexividade, a pluralidade interna do ator social, diferenciação social, a importância do contexto, entre outros. Através de um processo de abdução, a autora coloca o consumo como uma prática relacional situada no tempo e no espaço. Trata também dos aspectos metodológicos, abordando as especificidades dos métodos qualitativos utilizados. A mesma demonstra que a Teoria da Prática de Bourdieu na análise das práticas de consumo é pertinente, além de apontar uma autonomia relativa da cultura e a relação de condicionamento entre a multiplicidade de processos de socialização, que se desenvolvem em diferentes contextos culturais, políticos e de interação. O consumo é concebido como expressão de um querer mais ou menos constrangido pelos saberes adquiridos, pelos deveres sociais e pelos poderes.

Palavras-Chave: Práticas de consumo. Sociedades de consumo. Estruturas. Habitus. Pluralidade.

 

Abstract: This paper presents a recent study on practices of consumption, discussion essential to consumer contemporary societes. The thesis proposes that tense, plural and reflexive, various perspectives performs an analysis of consumption as a social practice, touching on topics such as desire, status, habitus, reflexivity, the internal plurality of the social actor, social differenciation , the importance of context, among others. Through a process of abduction, the author puts the consumption as a relational practice located in time and space. Also deals with the methodological aspects, addressing the specificities of used qualitative methods. The same shows that the Theory of Practice Bourdieu's analysis of consumption practices is relevant, while pointing out the relative autonomy of culture and conditioning relationship between the multiplicity of the socialization processes that develop in different cultural, political contexts and interaction. Consumption is conceived as an expression of wanting more or less constrained by the knowledge acquired by the social duties and the powers.

Keywords: Practice consumption. Consumer societies. Structures. Habitus. Plurality.
Apresentação Memórias de Pesquisa
Authors: Farias Edson Silva
Published: March 2019

A´presentação.
O gênero do cânon: excurso sobre a (in)expressiva participação feminina nos campos artístico e científico na passagem do século XIX para o XX
Authors: Fanini Michele Asmar
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo propõe a escansão de certas formulações de época, essencializadas, que creditavam ao gênero a explicação-chave para a acanhada participação feminina em diferentes campos da produção cultural e intelectual. Trata-se, grosso modo, de problematizar, sob o prisma da sociologia, o renitente descompasso, intensificado na passagem do século XIX para o XX, entre, de um lado, a atuação feminina como criadora/autora/produtora de conhecimento e, de outro, seu tratamento como criatura/fonte passiva de inspiração/coadjuvante, de modo a iluminar seus entalhes sociais e condicionantes históricos.
Brasilia, Polisemia de um ícono Del Patrimonio Modernista
Authors: Farias Edson Silva
Published: March 2019

Brasilia, Polisemia de um ícono Del Patrimonio Modernista.
A transmissão intergeracional de conhecimento e o habitus
Authors: Lacerda Glauber
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo estuda a relação existente entre a transmissão intergeracional de conhecimento, conforme Norbert Elias a trata em Teoria Simbólica, e a incorporação deste em forma habitus, tomando de empréstimo o modo como Bourdieu trabalha esta categoria.
Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Pekerja Di Bawah Umur Di Dinas Sosial Kota Makassar
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Usman Jaelan , Mustari Nuryanti
Published: March 2019

This research is to describe and explain a Worker Protection Policy Implementation At Underage In Social National Education In Makassar City. The kind of research which be used, is qualitative descriptive. The data that is collected by observation, interview, and documentation based on the result of research, it can be known about a Worker  Protection Policy Implementation Of Underage In Social National Education In Makassar City involves the policy of the children protection underage namely respect and guarantee the rights of children, give the encouragement of infrastructure, the treatment of parents of children, and human power resources quality, and then obstacle factor is the lack an infrastructure, a retardation funds, and the mastering in technology are less good. Keywords:Policy Implementation,Worker Protection. Penelitian ini menggambarkan dan menjelaskan tentang Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Pekerja di Bawah umur di Dinas sosial kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat diketahui mengenai Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Pekerja di Bawah Umur di Dinas Sosial kota Makassar meliputi Kebijakan Perlindungan Anak di bawah Umur yaitu Menghormati dan menjamin hak anak, Memberikan dukungan sarana dan prasarana, Perlakuan Orang Tua Terhadap Anak, dan Anak menggunakan hak sesuai usia dan kecerdasannya. Adapun faktor pendukung yaitu Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia, kemudian faktor penghambat yaitu Kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, Keterbatasan dana,dan Penguasaaan terhadap tekhnologi yang kurang baik. kata kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Perlindungan Pekerja.
Escenario de riesgo de introducción de la influenza tipo A en México estimado mediante geointeligencia
Authors: Ibarra-Zapata Enrique , Gaytán-Hernández Darío , Mora Aguilera Gustavo , González Castañeda Miguel Ernesto
Published: March 2019

Objetivo.Estimar el escenario potencial probabilístico de introducción del agente causal de la influenza tipo A en México mediante geointeligencia sanitaria.

Métodos.Estudio ecológico en el que consideran 1 973 brotes de influenza con alto grado de patogenicidad en el mundo durante el período 2014-2016. Se desarrolló un modelado geoespacial con herramientas de la geointeligencia, como la representación espacial, modelo de conexidad, caracterización espacial de la fuente de inoculo con el modelo de máxima entropía y la curva característica de operación receptora (COR) mediante la evaluación espacial multicriterio y se validó con el índice de Moran y la regresión geográficamente ponderada.

Resultados.Se estimaron las isocronas de riesgo sanitario con una distancia de 548 km y su crecimiento exponencial; hasta la cuarta isócrona se identificaron las costas este y oeste de Estados Unidos de América (EEUU) y una porción de América Central como posible superficie que favorece la introducción del patógeno. Se obtuvo, también, una curva COR = 0,923, se identificaron dos períodos de riesgo de introducción (setiembre-marzo) y (abril-agosto) con trayectorias de norte-sur y sur-norte respectivamente, con alta autocorrelación positiva para el modelado geoespacial, y se estimó un escenario donde más de la mitad de México se encuentra en un riesgo alto de introducción, con 78 millones de personas expuestas. Se identificó una asociación positiva entre las áreas de riesgo significativo (P< 0,001).

Conclusión.Se evidencia que más de 50% del territorio mexicano se encuentra en riesgo de introducción del agente causal de la influenza tipo A, con aproximadamente 70% de la población expuesta.
E-recruitment en España
Authors: Bazán Víctor , Hermoso Ramón , Escario Inés
Published: March 2019

Este artículo se centra en el análisis del uso del e-recruitment en empresas que operan en España con el doble objetivo de, por una parte, conocer el grado de utilización y, por otra parte, conocer la evolución que presenta durante los últimos años. Para conseguir los objetivos, se realizó un análisis cuantitativo cuya fuente de datos fue la del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Encontramos que la evolución del uso del e-recruitment crece del año 2009 al 2017. Además, la frecuencia de uso tanto de medios sociales para captar personal como de las páginas web para publicar anuncios de ofertas de trabajo o permitir recibir solicitudes de empleo es inferior al 20%. Sin embargo, estos resultados varían en función del sector y del número de trabajadores de la empresa. Los sectores Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) y servicios son los que, en términos relativos, utilizan con mayor frecuencia las TIC para reclutar, frente a los sectores industria y construcción. Finalmente, a mayor número de trabajadores en la empresa mayor frecuencia relativa en la práctica del e-recruitment.
Yerel Kalkınmada Bilim Merkezlerinin Rolü ve Bolu’da Gastronomi Temalı Bir Bilim Merkezi Tasarımı
Authors: HOŞCAN Nail
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada yerel kalkınmada bilim
merkezlerinin rolüyle ilgili ilgili nitel araştırma yapılmış ve Bolu’da gastronomi
temalı bir bilim merkezi tasarımının gerekliliği incelenmiştir.

 

Tarihten gelen önemli bir kültürel
mirası aşçılık olan Bolu’nun son dönemde kazandığı ekonomik ve politik ivmeyle
birlikte gastronomi temalı bir bilim merkezi tasarımının yerel kalkınmada özgün
bir yapı olabileceği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Mevcut değerlerine ek olarak, yeni
açılacak gastronomi temalı bir bilim merkezinin Bolu’nun yerel kalkınmasına
önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.

 

Türkiye’de ilk uygulanacak tematik
yaklaşım ile odağında temel fizyolojik ihtiyaç olan “yeme-içme”nin bulunduğu
gastronomiye ziyaretçilerin ilgi ve meraklarının artırılması hedeflenmektedir.

 

Bu çalışma bilim merkezlerini ve
çevresine sağlayacağı olanakları literatür taramasıyla ortaya koyarken, aynı
zamanda Bolu’nun yerel kalkınmasına katkılarını da değerlendirmektedir.
Çeşitli Yöntemlerin Karşılaştırılması ile Görsel Estetik Kalite Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZVAN Hande , BOSTAN Pınar
Published: March 2019

Peyzajın görsel estetik kalitesi, günümüz koşullarında korunmaya değer bir kaynak olarak görülmektedir. İnsan ve çevre ilişkisinden oluşan peyzaj insanların algısı ile ifade edilir. Ancak bu sadece görsel algıdan ya da çevremizi nasıl gördüğümüzden ibaret değildir; ayrıca duyduğumuz, kokusunu aldığımız, çevrenin bize hissettirdikleri, bize çağrıştırdığı duygular ve anılar da peyzaj algısını oluştururlar. Çoğunlukla peyzaj algısı ile çevre tercihleri arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanan görsel kalite analizi çalışmalarında, belli bir değerlendirme standardı bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle, görsel kaliteyi belirlemeye yönelik daha önce yapılmış çalışmalarda birbirinden farklı analiz ve değerlendirme yöntemlerinin kullanılmış olduğu belirlenmiştir. İnsan zihninde algının gelişim sürecinde, görsel deneyimlerin baskın olması nedeniyle, kalitesi ölçümlenmek istenen alanların fotoğrafları üzerinden çeşitli değerlendirme yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmaların bir bölümü, kullanıcıların demografik özellikleri ve çevre tercihleri arasındaki ilişki üzerine yoğunlaşırken; bazı çalışmalarda ise yalnızca peyzaj karakter alanları ve görsel kaliteyi etkileyen estetik kuramlar arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Her iki yöntemin birlikte kullanıldığı çalışmalarda ise peyzajın potansiyel kalitesi; algıyı etkileyen parametreler ve estetik kuramları ele almanın yanı sıra, kullanıcıların bakış açısı da bütünleştirilerek ele alınmıştır. Bu derlemede, peyzajın görsel kalitesini etkileyen parametreler, çevre tercihlerinin şekillenmesinde etkili olan unsurlar ve görsel kalite değerlendirmesinde kullanılan yöntemler karşılaştırılmış ve ileriye yönelik planlama ve tasarım çalışmaları için önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Tuzluluk Stresinin Patlıcanda (Solanum melongena L.) Su Kullanım Etkinliği, Verim Bileşenleri, Yaprak Klorofil ve Karotenoid İçeriği Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: TURHAN Ahmet , KUŞÇU Hayrettin
Published: March 2019

Sulama suyu tuzluluğunun
patlıcan bitkisinde verim, bazı verim bileşenleri, su kullanım etkinliği,
yaprak klorofil ve karotenoid içeriği üzerine etkileri bir sera denemesi ile
araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, sulama suyu tuzluluğu için sekiz farklı elektriksel
iletkenlik düzeyi (EC= 1.4, 2.4, 3.4, 4.4, 5.4, 6.4, 7.4 ve 8.4 dS/m), kontrol
konusu olarak çeşme suyu (EC=0.4 dS/m) kullanılmıştır. Tesadüf blokları deneme
desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak tasarlanan araştırmada bitkiler silindirik
lizimetrelerde yetiştirilmiştir. Tuz stresine verimin tepkisi olarak, toprak
tuzluluğu eşik değeri 1.49 dS/m olarak belirlenmiştir. Genelde, bitki su
tüketimleri sulama suyu tuzluluğu ile azalırken, en yüksek su kullanım
etkinliği düşük tuzluluk seviyelerinde (≤2.4 dS/m) saptanmıştır. Verim tepki
etmeni 1.58 olarak bulunmuştur. Bitki boyu, bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları,
yaprak alanı ve yaprak oransal su potansiyeli değerleri 3.4dS/m’lik tuzluluk
seviyesiyle birlikte azalma eğilimine girmiştir. Düşük tuzluluk seviyeleri (1.4
ve 2.4 dS/m) patlıcan bitkisinin yaprak klorofil ve karotenoid içeriğini
arttırmıştır.
Farklı Sulama Suyu Seviyeleri ve Malç Materyallerinin Bağda Yabancı Ot Yoğunluğuna Etkisi
Authors: TEMEL Nazife , TORUN Hilmi , TANGOLAR Serpil
Published: March 2019

Araştırma, Çukurova
Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma ve Uygulama
Bağında 2017-2018 yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Bitkisel materyal olarak
1103P anacı üzerine aşılı, kordon şeklinde terbiye edilmiş, sıra arası ve sıra
üzeri 3.5x2.0 m mesafelerde dikilmiş, üç yaşlı Trakya İlkeren asma çeşidi
kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada üç farklı su seviyesi uygulamasının yapıldığı
(sulanmayan (kontrol), %50 ve tam (%100 su seviyesi) bir parselde yabancı ot
kontrolünü sağlamak amacıyla dört farklı malç materyali (siyah plastik örtü,
kuru malç, buğday samanı ve bazaltik pomza) denenmiştir. Farklı örtü materyali
ve sulama uygulamalarının etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, yabancı ot türleri,
genel yabancı ot kaplama alanı, yabancı otların yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları
incelenmiştir.  Farklı sulama
uygulamalarının yapıldığı tüm parsellerde, yabancı otların büyük çoğunluğunun
tek yıllık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yabancı ot kaplama alanı ile yabancı otların
yaş ve kuru ağırlığı yönünden en düşük değerler tüm sulama uygulamalarında
siyah plastik malç ve en yüksek değerler kontrol parsellerinden elde
edilmiştir. Yabancı otların yaş ve kuru ağırlığı yönünden sulamasız (470 g ve
215 g), %50 su (1670 g ve 625 g) ve tam su uygulamalarında siyah plastik
malçtan sonraki en düşük değerler saman malçından (745 g ve 165 g) alınmıştır.
Sonuç olarak bağda, sulamasız, %50 ve tam su uygulamalarında, sıra üzerindeki
yabancı otların siyah plastik malç ve buğday samanı malçı ile kontrol
edilmesinin mümkün olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Determination of Pollen Germination Rates and Pollen Quantities of Some Hybrid Walnut Genotypes
Authors: ÖZCAN Akide , SÜTYEMEZ Mehmet
Published: March 2019

The
aim of this research is to determine the rate of pollen germination and pollen
production of 29 hybrid walnut genotypes. For this aim, the germination
percentage of the pollens was examined by using the agar in the petri and
hanging drop methods. Pollen production amount of the genotypes was determined
with the hemacytometric method. The highest germination ratio of genotype 30
was obtained by the agar in the petri method in 1% agar+10% sucrose (54.65%).
In 15% sucrose concentration in the hanging drop method, which is the best
medium for all 29 hybrid walnut genotypes, pollen germination rate was 51.84%
(genotype 9). The amount of pollen in a flower and an anther is very high in
all genotypes. The consequence indicates that different
treatments had a significant effect on the germination percentage. As a result
of the findings obtained from this study, genotypes can be used as a
pollinator.
Yumurtlamanın Son Dönemindeki Yumurtacı Tavukların Rasyonlarına Bor (Ortoborik Asit) İlavesinin Performans ve Bazı Serum Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: KAYA Hacer , MACİT Muhlis
Published: March 2019

Yumurtacı tavuk
rasyonlarına farklı seviyelerde Bor (B) ilavesinin performans ve bazı önemli
kan serum parametreleri üzerine etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülen
çalışmada, 62 haftalık, 288 adet Lohman yumurtacı ticari hibrit 12 hafta
boyunca 0, 50, 75 ve 150 mg/kg seviyelerde B içeren 4 farklı rasyonla
yemlenmişlerdir. Araştırma 18 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüş ve her bir
tekerrürde 4 adet tavuk kullanılmıştır. Araştırma boyunca 16 saat aydınlatma
programı uygulanmış, yem ve su ad-libitum olarak verilmiştir. İlave B,
canlı ağırlık değişimi ve ortalama yumurta ağırlığını etkilemezken, günlük yem
tüketimini azaltıp, yumurta verimini artırarak yemden yararlanma oranını önemli
derecede (P<0.01) iyileştirmiştir. 
Serum glukoz, kolesterol, trigliserid, kreatinin, total ve direkt
bilurubin değerleri B ilavesinden etkilenmemiştir. Rasyona B ilavesinin serum alkalin fosfataz (ALP), aspartat amino transaminaz
(AST) ve gamma glutamil transaminaz (GGT) enzim aktivitelerine etkisi önemsiz
olurken (P>0.05), alanin amino transaminaz (ALT) enzim aktivitesine etkisi
önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Yumurtlamanın
son döneminde bulunan yumurtacı tavukların performans özelliklerini
iyileştirmek amacıyla rasyonlarına 50 mg/kg B ilavesinin yeterli ve
önerilebilir olacağı kanaatine varılmıştır.
Konik Hüzmeli Poliasetal (POM) Pülverizatör Memelerinde Damla Kinematiği
Authors: SAYINCI Bahadır , ÇÖMLEK Ruçhan , ÇOMAKLI Mustafa
Published: March 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, konik hüzmeli meme plakalarında orifis çapı, girdap plaketi
ve püskürtme basıncı değişkenlerinin damla kinematiğini tanımlayan
pülverizasyon karakteristiklerine olan etkisini belirlemektir. Denemelerde
poliasetal malzemeden üretilmiş 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.6 mm, 2.0 mm ve 2.4 mm orifis
çaplı meme plakaları ile mavi (2-slot), kahverengi (3-slot), sarı (2-slot) ve
paslanmaz çelik (2-slot) girdap plaketleri kullanılmıştır. Tüm uygulamalar 2-12
bar püskürtme basıncı aralığında yapılmıştır. Meme plakası ve girdap plaketi
kombinasyonlarda damla hızı 3.63-22.13 m/s aralığında değişmiş ve püskürtme
basıncı arttıkça damla hızının da arttığı belirlenmiştir. Püskürtme
basıncındaki artış damlanın kinetik enerjisini değiştirmemiştir. Ancak meme
orifis çapı arttıkça damlanın sahip olduğu kinetik enerji azalmıştır. Püskürtme
basıncı arttıkça damlanın terminal hızı azalırken, orifis çapındaki artış
terminal hızın artmasını sağlamıştır. Püskürtme basıncı 2 bar olduğunda
damlanın orifisten itibaren havada serbest kaldığı mesafe artmıştır. Meme
orifis gruplarında püskürtme basıncı 2 bar olduğunda ortalama sürüklenme
%8.5-%13.5 aralığında değişirken, 12 bar basınçta artarak ortalamalar
%15.3-%19.9 aralığında değişmiştir. Konik hüzmeli memelerde damla kinematiğini
tanımlayan değişkenler arasında korelasyon analizi yapılmış ve istatistiksel
açıdan önemli bulunan değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler eşitliklerle
gösterilmiştir.