bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Neutro-LA-semihypergroups and Neutro-Hv-LA-semigroups
Authors: Mirvakili Saeid , Rezaei Akbar , Al-Shanqiti Omaima , Smarandache Florentin , Davvaz Bijan
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we extend the notion of LA-semihypergroups (resp. Hv-LA-semigroups) to neutro-LA-semihypergroups (respectively, neutro-Hv-LA-semigroups). Anti-LA-semihypergroups (respectively, anti-Hv-LA-semigroups) are studied and investigated some of their properties. We show that these new concepts are di fferent from classical concepts by several examples. These are particular cases of the classical algebraic structures generalized to neutroalgebraic structures and antialgebraic structures (Smarandache, 2019).
2000 Mathematics subject classification: 20N20, 20N99.
Cost Optimization in the Construction of Prefabricated Buildings by using BIM and Finite Element simulation
Authors: Zou YaFeng , Feng WenHui
Published: March 2023

This document analyzes the characteristics of modular structure and BIM technology, combines BIM technology with modular structure, and proposes a new method of modular structure design based on BIM. It focuses on key technologies such as the creation and management of BIM-based fabricated component library, the analysis and optimization of fabricated structure BIM model, the application of BIM technology in fabricated structure construction simulation and construction information feedback. Analyze the existing assembly structure design process, design standards and design methods, propose a BIM-based assembly structure design method, change the design idea from the whole to the component elements, and use the design method for prefabricated components. Taking the W prefabricated component library as a starting point, select the prefabricated components of the component library for assembly design to form a BIM model with a complete structure. Adjust and optimize the BIM model, and finally form a reasonable design plan. This BIM type of product includes production, transportation and assembly construction. Develop prefabricated buildings and realize the modernization of the construction industry. Although the cost of prefabricated construction is higher than that of traditional buildings, it also brings significant comprehensive benefits. Secondly, based on the status quo of China's construction industry, a detailed analysis of the impact of different modular components, component combination schemes and other elements of prefabricated buildings on project costs, combined with actual engineering cases, detailed the actual effects of cost optimization. In short, if choose a reasonable combination plan and component elements, we can effectively control the construction price of the construction project and improve the construction quality.
Positive Emotions Training (PoET) as an Online Intervention to Improve Mental Health: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Niemann Lara , von Gruner Celin , Zhang Xiao Chi , Margraf Jürgen , Totzeck Christina
Published: March 2023

Background: Positive psychology interventions are known to have an impact on mental health as well as on a number of beneficial characteristics like optimism, gratitude and self-efficacy. The Positive Emotions Training (PoET) is one of the first holistic training programs covering eleven positive psychology constructs. The goal of this study was to test PoET’s feasibility in the general population and to assess possible effects on positive and negative mental health factors. Additionally, possible effects on optimism, gratitude, happiness, resilience, and self-efficacy were examined.
Methods: The sample (n = 101) was allocated to PoET (n = 55) or control (n= 46) that did not receive treatment. Participants in the PoET group completed two training sessions (3.5 hours each) that were conducted in an online format with groups of about 30 people. All participants completed positive and negative mental health measures at the beginning of the first training session and at the beginning of the second one as well as 30 days after the second session. Two-factorial repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to test for possible effects of PoET on mental health.
Results: There were significant effects of PoET on depression and anxiety symptoms as well as on optimism. Non-significant, but descriptive changes were found for positive mental health scores, stress, gratitude, happiness, resilience, and self-efficacy. There were no significant effects for the control group.
Conclusions: Results indicate that PoET is an applicable intervention for improving mental health in the general population.
Trial registration: Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 21/02/2023 (Identifier/Trial registration number: NCT05737251)
Serum lipid reference values recommended during a twin pregnancy and evaluating its association with perinatal outcomes
Authors: Huang Jiaqi , Gong Xiaoli , Li Jiaxin , Wu Tianchen , Shi Huifeng , Li Xiaona , Yang Jing , Wei Yuan , Zhao Yangyu , Wang Xueju , Meng Xinlu
Published: March 2023

Background: Maternal lipid metabolism fluctuations have been shown to increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, there is no consensus over what constitutes normal maternal lipid values during twin pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a serum lipid reference range for a twin pregnancy.
Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted, from 2011 to 2021, at the Peking University Third Hospital. A total of 881 twin pregnancies, with lipid data from early and middle pregnancies, were included. After excluding those with adverse pregnancy outcomes, we performed a descriptive analysis of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipid cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, using the mean and standard deviation to determine appropriate percentiles. We later determined the lipid reference range in early and middle pregnancy based on the initial results. We evaluated Inappropriate lipid levels associations with pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, small for gestational age.
Results: (1) Serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C increased significantly from early to late pregnancy, where the greatest increase was observed in TG. (2) Based on the results, we recommend that TC, TG, and LDL-C serum reference values during early and middle pregnancy should be less than the 95th percentile. On the other hand, HDL-C should be greater than the 5th percentile. During early pregnancy, the values recommended are TC＜5.31 mmol/L, TG＜2.25 mmol/L, HDL＞1.02 mmol/L and LDL＜3.27 mmol/L, and those during middle pregnancy are TC＜8.74 mmol/L, TG＜4.89 mmol/L, HDL＞1.25 mmol/L and LDL＜5.49 mmol/L, while the values during late pregnancy are TC＜9.11 mmol/L, TG＜6.70 mmol/L, HDL＞1.10 mmol/L and LDL＜5.81 mmol/L. Higher levels of blood lipids were associated with GDM, PE, SGA.
Conclusions: We suggested a reference ranges for blood lipids during the twin pregnancy in a Chinese population. The reference ranges recommended by this study can be used to identify women with twin pregnancies using unfavorable lipid values. Higher levels of blood lipids were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Sliding Mode Observer Based Tracking Control for Input Delay Hypersonic Flight Vehicles with Unmeasurable Flexible Dynamics1
Authors: Hu Xiaoxiang , Xiao Bing , Hu Changhua
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a sliding mode observer (SMO) based control design method for hypersonic flight vehicle (HFV). The flexible states of HFV are assumed to be unmeasurable with considering the measurement difficulties. Then a SMO is designed to estimated them. What is more, the measuring devices are assumed to be suffering from disturbance, then the SMO should not only guarantee the estimation error stable, but also reduce the influence of external disturbances. What’s worse, the input of HFV is suffering from input delay, which brings more difficulties to the controller design. By state transformation,input delay model of HFV is transformed into a delay free model,then a SMO based robust controller is proposed for HFV based on the stable inversion controller design strategy. Numeral simulation results are proposed for the validation of the presented method in the final.
PBP-A, a cyanobacterial DD-peptidase with high specificity for amidated muropeptides, imposes a pH-dependent fitness cost in Escherichia coli as a consequence of promiscuous activity
Authors: Dorrazehi Gol Mohammad , Winkle Matthias , Stroobant Vincent , Degand Hervé , Evrard Damien , Desguin Benoît , Morsomme Pierre , Biboy Jacob , Gray Joe , Vollmer Waldemar , Soumillion Patrice
Published: March 2023

Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) are involved in biosynthesis, remodeling and recycling of peptidoglycan (PG) in bacteria. PBP-A from Thermosynechococcus elongatus belongs to a cyanobacterial family of enzymes sharing close structural and phylogenetic proximity to class A beta-lactamases. With the aim of converting PBP-A into a beta-lactamase, we expressed the enzyme in the periplasm of Escherichia coli but failed in directed evolution experiments and observed growth defect associated with the enzyme activity. To further explore the molecular origins of the fitness cost, we decided to characterize deeper the activity of PBP-A both in vitro and in vivo. We found that PBP-A is an enzyme endowed with DD-carboxypeptidase and DD-endopeptidase activities, featuring high specificity towards muropeptides amidated on the D-iso-glutamyl residue. We also show that its promiscuous activity on non-amidated peptidoglycan deteriorates E. coli’s envelope and generates the fitness cost, which is much higher under acidic conditions where substrate discrimination is mitigated. Besides expanding our knowledge on the biochemical activity of PBP-A, this work also highlights how promiscuity may hinder rather than promote enzyme evolution in nature or in the laboratory.
Nonphotochemical generation of Singlet oxygen in pollutant remediation: A mini-review on the degradation pathway based on mass spectrometry and DFT calculations
Authors: Reyaroth Manoj , Aravind Usha , Boczkaj Grzegorz , Aravindakumar Charuvila T
Published: March 2023

The degradation of pollutants by a non-radical pathway involving singlet oxygen (1O2) is a hot topic in persulfate-based advanced water treatment processes (PS-AOPs). The selective reaction of 1O2 with organic pollutants resulting the evolution of different intermediate products. While these products are identified by mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, predicting a proper degradation mechanism in 1O2 -based process is still challenging. Hence, we review the possible degradation pathways of organic contaminants in 1O2-mediated oxidation with the support of density functional theory (DFT). The Fukui function (FF, f-, f+, and f0), and HOMO–LUMO energy obtained using DFT were used to identify the active site in the molecule and the degradation mechanism, respectively. Electrophilic addition, outer sphere type single electron transfer (SET), and addition to the hetero atoms are the key mechanisms involved in the degradation of organic contaminants by 1O2. Since the environmental matrices contain several contaminants, it is difficult to experiment with all the contaminants to identify their intermediate products. Therefore, the DFT studies are useful for predicting the intermediate compounds during the oxidative removal of the contaminants, especially for complex composition wastewater.
Taurine supplementation decreases fat accumulation by suppressing FAS and enhancing ATGL
Authors: Geng Xueying , Feng Yafang , Yu Congcong , Yao Yuyang , Chen Wen , Guo Junxia , Zhang Yanzhen , Zhang Jing , Mi Shengquan
Published: March 2023

The effect of taurine on obese rats was studied. Methods: taurine was added to drinking water and given to animals for 21 weeks. ATGL (adipose triglyceride lipase) inhibitor was injected for one week. The results showed that taurine could significantly reduce the body weight and body fat content of fat rats, reduce the levels of the serum TG, TC and LDL-C, increase the level of HDL-C, reduce the lipid deposition in the liver and the aortic arch, decrease the expression of FAS (fatty acid synthase) and increase the expression of ATGL. In addition, in the case of taurine intake, atglistatin (ATGL inhibitor) didn’t affect the expression of FAS and ATGL. Conclusion: Taurine can reduce fat deposition induced by high-fat diet in SD rats, which may be related to reducing FAS content and increasing ATGL content. Taurine does not completely regulate the expression of FAS and ATGL through the ATGL pathway.
Evaluation of optimum classification measures used to define textbook outcome among patients undergoing curative-intent resection of gastric cancer
Authors: Bobrzynski Lukasz , Sędłak Katarzyna , Rawicz-Pruszyński Karol , Kołodziejczyk Piotr , Szczepanik Antoni , Polkowski Wojciech , Richter Piotr , Sierzega Marek
Published: March 2023

Background: Textbook outcome (TO) is a composite measure reflecting various aspects of services provided to patients with solid malignancies. We sought to evaluate the importance of various TO components previously proposed for gastric cancer.
Methods: Prospectively maintained electronic databases of 1,743 patients treated in two academic surgical centres were reviewed. Six candidate definitions of TO were evaluated based on their ability to accurately predict patients’ prognosis by Cox proportional hazards modelling.
Results: TO definition combining 10 measures corresponding to complete tumour resection with an uneventful postoperative course showed the best goodness of fit by achieving the lowest values of Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC) information criteria and the best predictive performance based on the highest value of c-index. The overall median survival was significantly longer for patients with than without textbook outcome (69.0 vs 20.1 months, P<0.001). TO maintained its prognostic value in a multivariate model controlling for age, sex, comorbidities, treatment, and tumour related variables and was associated with a 39% lower risk of death (HR 0.61, 95%CI 0.51 – 0.73, P<0.001). Nine variables identified as predictors of TO were used to develop a nomogram showing very good correlation between the predicted and actual probability of achieving TO. The AUC of ROC obtained from the nomogram was 0.752 (95% CI 0.727 to 0.781).
Conclusions: A uniform definition of textbook outcome provides clinically relevant prognostic information and could be used in quality improvement programs for gastric cancer patients.
Image encryption algorithm based on the Matryoshka transform and modular-inverse matrix
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqiang , Zhang Xueheng
Published: March 2023

The transmission of digital image in Internet is convenient, but at the same time the great risk of information leakage is existed. To meet the requirements of image content security and real-time communication, we propose an image encryption algorithm based on the Matryoshka transform and modular-inverse matrix. Firstly, a new Matryoshka transform is designed to scramble the original image; secondly, the global chaotic exclusive or operation is performed on the scrambled image, and the diffused result is converted into an image block set; thirdly, the chaotic sequence is used to generate a set of modular odd matrix, and the set of the modular-inverse matrix is calculated; finally, the matrix operation of modular multiplication is performed on the image block set and the modular-inverse matrix set to generate the encrypted image. Meanwhile, the sender passes the secret keys to the recipient using Diffie-Hellman over the elliptic curve. Experimental results and algorithm analyses show that the proposed algorithm has the excellent encryption effect and the strong ability to resist common attacks. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can be applied to the image transmission under the network platform with strong security, desirable encryption effect and high efficiency.
Post-cardiac Injury Syndrome Occurred Two Months after Permanent Dual-chamber Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Zhang Ruiqi , Liu Meilin , Du Jiali
Published: March 2023

Background: Post cardiac injury syndrome (PCIS) is characterized by the development of pericarditis with or without pericardial effusion due to a recent cardiac injury. The relatively low incidence makes diagnosis of PCIS after implantation of a pacemaker easily be overlooked or underestimated. This report describes one typical case of PCIS.
Case presentation: We present a case report of a 94-year-old male with a history of sick sinus syndrome managed with a dual-chamber pacemaker who presented with PCIS after two months of pacemaker implantation. He gradually developed chest discomfort, weakness, tachycardia and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and cardiac tamponade after two months of pacemaker. Post-cardiac injury syndrome related to dual-chamber pacemaker implantation was considered based on exclusion of other possible causes of pericarditis. His therapy was drainage of pericardial fluid and managed with a combination of colchicine and support therapy. He was placed on long-term colchicine therapy to prevent any recurrences.
Conclusion: This case illustrated that PCIS can occur after minor myocardial injury, and that the possibility of PCIS should be considered if there is a history of possible cardiac insult.
Growth control of Marchantia polymorpha gemmae using nonthermal plasma irradiation
Authors: Tsuboyama Shoko , Okumura Takamasa , Attri Pankaj , Koga Kazunori , Shiratani Masaharu , Kuchitsu Kazuyuki
Published: March 2023

Several studies have documented that treatment by cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) on plants foster seed germination and growth in recent years. However, the molecular processes that underlie the action of CAP on the seeds and plants remain mostly enigmatic. The effects of CAP on seeds could significantly differ depending on their status, thus obstructing detailed molecular analyses. We here introduce gemmae of Marchantia polymorpha, a basal liverwort, as a novel model plant material suitable for CAP research. Treating the gemmae with CAP for a constant time interval at low power resulted in consistent growth enhancement, while growth inhibition at higher power in a dose-dependent manner. These results distinctly demonstrate that CAP irradiation can positively and negatively regulate plant growth depending on the plasma intensity of irradiation, offering a suitable experimental system for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of CAP in plants.
Amorphous nanoparticles: the essence of clay
Authors: Tsukimura Katsuhiro , Manpuku Kazuko , Miyoshi Youko , Suzuki Masaya , Takagi Tetsuich , Wada Shin-ichi
Published: March 2023

Clay research focuses on phyllosilicate clay minerals such as kaolinite and smectite because these phyllosilicate minerals are considered the most important substance in clay. On the other hand, amorphous nanoparticles are largely ignored because they are thought to be absent in most clay and to have no effect on clay properties. However, a recent study by small angle x-ray scattering has revealed that large amounts of amorphous nanoparticles are present in clay and that these amorphous nanoparticles influence some of the important properties of clay. Another study showed that plasticity, the most important property of clay, is a linear function of the specific surface area. In this study, we have shown that the specific surface area is a linear function of the weight percent of amorphous nanoparticles. Therefore, we can conclude that plasticity is a linear function of the weight percent of amorphous nanoparticles. This indicates that the substance imparting plasticity is not phyllosilicate clay minerals but amorphous nanoparticles, which shows that the essence of clay is amorphous nanoparticles.
Understanding Changes in Heat Waves, Droughts, and Compound Events in Yangtze River Valley and the Corresponding Atmospheric Circulation Patterns
Authors: Qian Zhonghua , Sun Yingxiao , ma qianrong , Gu Yu , Taichen  , Feng Prof
Published: March 2023

Heat waves, droughts, and compound drought and heat waves (CDHWs) have received extensive attention because of their disastrous impacts on agriculture, ecosystems, human health, and society. Here, we computed the heat wave magnitude index (HWMI), drought magnitude index (DMI), and compound drought and heat wave magnitude index (CDHMI) for Yangtze River Valley (YRV) from July to August during 1961–2022. We compared the large-scale atmospheric circulation characteristics of different extreme events based on these indexes. The results show that the positive center with sink motion in East Asia provides a favorable circulation background for heat wave events. Drought events are mainly affected by the zonal wave train dominated by a significant negative anomaly in Siberia and a high-pressure anomaly upstream, and anticyclonic water vapor with strong divergence over the Yangtze River basin. During CDHW events, both anomalous systems that affect heat waves and droughts appear and strengthen simultaneously. Specifically, the positive anomaly center in YRV expands abnormally, and the " +-+" wave train over the northern 50°N region of East Asia becomes more obvious. Therefore, the positive anomaly and water vapor anomaly brought by the two circulation patterns at different latitudes are superimposed over the YRV, leading to severe CDHWs. At the same time, the warm positive eddy center and cold negative eddy center in high latitudes exhibit more stable positive pressure features, which are conducive to the persistent development and strengthening of CDHWs. In addition, the anomalous warm sea surface temperature in western Pacific moderating the favorable circulation patterns may also promote the occurrence of CDHWs in the YRV, which is demonstrated by model simulation.
The rotation of Phallus impudicus benefits the microenvironment via improving the soil microbial structure and soil properties
Authors: Yanhong Wang , Jiao Xu , Qingsong Yuan , Lanping Guo , Chenghong Xiao , Changgui Yang , Liangyuan Li , Weike Jiang , Tao Zhou
Published: March 2023

Backgroud: Rhizosphere microbiome play vital roles in soil nutrient cylcling and plant growth, their diversity and composition are commonly influenced by soil management systems. Currently, however, the specific dynamic of microbial community in cultivation of Gastrodia elata and rotation of Phallus impudicus remains unknown. To narrow this knowledge gap, soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community in the rhizosphere soil of G. elatacultivation and rotation of P. impudicus management were analyzed and compared.
Results: The results revealed that the cultivation of G. elata and rotation of P. impudicus both increased the diversity, complexity, and stability of the soil microbiome structure and reshaped the soil microbiota composition. In addition, the cultivation of P. impudicus reversed the G. elata-induced decrease in soil pH and nutrient levels, increased soil humification and improved humus composition. The RDA result indicated that the soil microbial community strongly correlates with soil pH and exchangeable Ca/Mg ratio, indicating that soil nutrient levels play dominant roles in soil microbial community improvement in this rotation management system.
Conclusions: Our findings provide insights into microbial community assembly and soil physicochemical properties in cultivation of G. elata and rotation of P. impudicus, rotation affected soil microorganisms mainly through changes in soil nutrient profile and might have potential benefits in next growing season. In addition, our results highlight the importance of rotaion management during artificial cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine for sustainable development.
Cerebral regional and network abnormalities in HIV-infected with neurocognitive impairments: An fMRI study
Authors: Chen Pan-pan , Wei Xiang-yu , Tao Larissa , Xin Xin , Xiao Shaotan , He Na
Published: March 2023

Although the combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) has considerably lowered the risk of HIV associated dementia (HAD), the incidence of neurocognitive impairments(NCI) have not decreased likely due to the insidious and slow progressive nature of HIV infection. Recent studies show that the rest state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a prominent technique in helping the non-invasive analysis of neucognitive impairment. Our study is to explore the neuroimaging characteristics among people living with HIV(PLW-HIV) with or without NCI in terms of cerebral regional and neural network by rs-fMRI, based on the hypothesis that HIV patients with and without NCI have independent brain imaging characteristics. 33 HIV subjects with NCI and 33 HIV subjects without NCI, classified into HIV-NCI group and HIV-control group respectively according to Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) results. The fraction amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) were calculated to characterize the cerebral regional and neural network alterations. Finally, the correlation among fALFF/FC values in certain cerebral regions and clinical characteristics were calculated. Compared to the HIV-control group, the fALFF values of bilateral calcarine gyrus, bilateral superior occipital gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, left cuneus in the HIV-NCI group were increased. The FC values between right superior occipital gyrus and right olfactory cortex, bilateral gyrus rectus, right orbital part of middle frontal gyrus in the HIV-NCI group were increased. The FC values between left hippocampus and bilateral medial prefrontal gyrus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus were decreased. The fALFF values of left cuneus in both two groups was negatively correlated with international HIV dementia scale scores (IHDS) (R=-0.255, P=0.037) ; The fALFF values of left calcarine gyrus in both two groups was negatively correlated with MMSE scores (R=-0.316, P=0.009) ; The FC values between right superior occipital gyrus and right olfactory cortex (R=-0.396, P=0.001) in both two groups was negatively correlated with MMSE scores. Our study showed that the abnormal fMRI patterns in specific brain regions of the occipital cortex, while the defects in brain network mostly associated with prefrontal cortex, were associated with HIV-related cognitive impairment. The variation of fALFF and FC in given brain regions can be used to distinguish HIV subjects with and without cognitive impairment.
Genome-wide identification of TGA transcription factors in wheat: Evolution, expression and verification
Authors: Liu Jiajie , Zeng Qingdong , Han Dejun
Published: March 2023

Background: The TGA transcription factors have been considered one of the essential gene families for the physiological process of plants, and they participate in plant defence by sensing and modulating reactive oxygen species. In contrast, the study about the function of TGA transcription factors in hexaploid wheat and its progenitors has not been conducted.
Results: In this study, we identified 38, 12 and 26 TGA genes in hexaploid wheat and its two progenitors, respectively. The functional similarities between Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, T. dicoccoides and Aegilops tauschii were performed by the phylogenetic tree and classified into four groups. The chromosome location and the collinear pairs were relatively well conserved. Based on that, the gene structure and conserved motifs of the TaTGAs indicated a solid ability to integrate gene networks. The cis-element related to hormone and stress resistance was identified in the promoter region of TaTGAs. We retrieved the expression profile of TaTGAs' response to biotic stress. 12 TaTGAs with significant differential expression were confirmed by qRT-PCR. TaTGA13 was chosen for the function analysis as it was significantly differentially expressedafter stripe rust inoculation. We obtained the phenotype of the plants silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and mutation lines.
Conclusions: The TGA gene family were identified in hexaploidy wheat and its two progenitors. These results suggest TGAs were relatively well conserved in Gramineae and play an essential role in wheat stripe rust resistance.
An online, public health framework supporting behaviour change to reduce dementia risk: interim results from the Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease
Authors: Bartlett Larissa , Bindoff Aidan , Doherty Kathleen , Kim Sarang , Eccleston Claire , Kitsos Alex , Roccati Eddy , Alty Jane , King Anna E. , Vickers James C.
Published: March 2023

Background: Behavioural and lifestyle factors contribute almost half of the risk of developing dementia. Addressing these factors might help prevent onset or slow disease progression. Given the rising prevalence and significant costs of dementia, a public health approach targeting these modifiable risk factors is warranted.
Methods: The Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) is a large, online, prospective public health research project. Over 13500 residents of Tasmania, Australia, aged 50+ years joined the project between 2019 and 2022, of whom 7270 consented to participate in research. Informed by health behaviour change models, participants’ knowledge, motivations, and behaviours related to modifiable dementia risk are measured at baseline and in annual surveys. Regression and mediation models were used to assess the effects of changes over time, and by exposure to two interventions: a personalised dementia risk profile (DRP) report provided after each survey wave, and the Preventing Dementia Massive Open Online Course (PDMOOC).
Results: Data from 3038 participants (mean age 63.7 years, 71.6% female) were used in the reported analyses. The mean number of modifiable dementia risk factors reduced from 1.99 to 1.49 (out of 9) between joining the project and follow-up in 2022. This change was associated with time since baseline and the number of exposures to the DRP (b=-.06, p=.04) and was stronger for PDMOOC participants (b=-.14, p=.02). Markers of dementia risk literacy improved by DRP exposures (from b=.11 to b=.44, p<.001) and by PDMOOC engagement (from b=.16 to b=.38, p<.001). Six motivational factors changed by DRP exposure (from b=-.04 to b=.04, p’s<.021), with stronger effect sizes observed for PDMOOC participants in four factors (from b=-.19 to b=.15, p’s<.033). In PDMOOC participants, 13% of the observed behaviour change was mediated by changes in knowledge. Motivating factors – perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy – differentially affect the influence of higher knowledge on behaviour change.
Conclusions: The ISLAND project offers a feasible public health framework for improving modifiable risk factors for dementia. The personalised DRP report and engagement with the PDMOOC work synergistically to increase dementia risk literacy and stimulate the intention and self-efficacy for changing risk behaviours.
Understanding the Meat-Masculinity Link: Traditional and Non-Traditional Masculine Norms Predicting Men’s Meat Consumption.
Authors: Camilleri Lauren , Gill Peter Richard , Scarfo Jessica , Jago Andrew , Kirkovski Melissa
Published: March 2023

Men are the biggest meat consumers worldwide, placing themselves at greater risk of disease and early death from red and processed meat consumption. Despite these serious health outcomes, men tend to be unwilling to reduce their meat intake. It has been theorised that adherence to masculine norms plays a role in this unwillingness. The current study sought to determine which traditional and non-traditional masculine norms predict men’s meat consumption, intention to eat meat, and willingness to reduce meat consumption. Five hundred and seventy Australian and English self-identified males completed the Meat Consumption and Intention Scale, and three psychometrically validated measures of traditional and non-traditional masculinity. The traditional masculine norms violence, importance of sex, and heterosexual self-presentation positively predicted men’s meat consumption; the non-traditional masculine norm sensitivity to male privilege negatively predicted men’s meat consumption. Toughness, emotional control, and holistic attentiveness were also important predictors of men’s willingness to reduce. Our results suggest that informational campaigns, designed for men, that help challenge and break perceived links between meat consumption and attitudes to violence, sexual virility, heterosexuality, and physical strength may be effective in reducing meat consumption.
Association Between Preventive Dental Visits and Flossing with Periodontitis and Diabetes Control – National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014
Authors: Zhang Yuqing , Leveille Suzanne G. , Camhi Sarah M. , Shi Ling
Published: March 2023

Background
Diabetes and periodontitis are two intertwined chronic diseases linked by the inflammatory mechanism. Experimental studies indicate that treating periodontitis may benefit glycemic control among people with diabetes. It is not clear whether good oral self-care behaviors such as flossing may reduce risk for periodontitis and improve glycemic control among diabetes populations. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between flossing and preventive dental care with periodontitis and glycemic control among US dentate adults with diabetes.
Methods
We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 for 892 participants aged 30 years and older with diabetes who completed the periodontal examination and lab test for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Sampling weights were applied. Multivariable logistic regression and multivariable linear modeling were performed to examine the effects of flossing and preventive dental services on periodontal health and HbA1c levels, respectively, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index(BMI), smoking, and other risk factors.
Results
Among U.S. dentate adults with diabetes, 52.1% of flossers and 72.1% of non-flossers had periodontitis (p < 0.001). Flossers were 39% less likely to have periodontitis (Adj. OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.88) compared to non-flossers. Flossers had an average HbA1c reading 0.30% (95% CI 0.02% − 0.58%) lower than non-flossers, adjusted for covariates (p = 0.037).
Conclusion
Flossing was associated with better periodontal health and glycemic control among US dentate adults with diabetes. Although longitudinal and experimental studies are needed, the findings support that emphasis on oral self-care may be particularly beneficial for adults with diabetes.
MOSMA: Multi-objective slime mold algorithm based on reference point non-dominated sorting
Authors: Cai Xuebing , He Zengyu , Guo Jiaming , Wang Kai , Cheng Fei
Published: March 2023

Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA) has been widely noticed by researchers for its powerful multi-point search capability and simple and feasible structure, and many advanced versions of SMA have also been proposed. However, most existing methods focus on the single-objective research domain, and research on multi-objective SMA remains relatively scarce; moreover, the basic SMA lacks powerful global search capability, and its extension to the multi-objective domain easily leads to the loss of solution diversity. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a general multi-objective SMA framework which utilises a logical chaotic single-dimensional perturbation mechanism to increase the search traversal of individuals in the decision space; secondly, a non-dominated sorting mechanism based on reference point is used to select more diverse solutions to participate in the next generation of evolution. Through experiments with seven advanced multi-objective algorithms such as CMOPSO, NSGA-II, NSGA-III, MOEAD, PSEA-II, SPEA-II and NSLS on 28 basis functions, the results show that multi-objective SMA achieves the best convergence, accuracy and diversity.
Linear entropy fails to predict entanglement behavior in low-density fermionic systems
Authors: Pauletti T. , Garcia M. , Canella G. A. , França V. V.
Published: March 2023

Entanglement is considered a fundamental ingredient for quantum technologies and condensed matter systems are among the good candidates for quantum devices. For bipartite pure states the von Neumann entropy is a proper measure of entanglement, while the linear entropy, associated to the mixedness of the reduced density matrices, is a simpler quantity to be obtained and is considered to be qualitatively equivalent to the von Neumann. Here we investigate both linear and von Neumann entropies for quantifying entanglement in homogeneous, superlattice and disordered Hubbard chains. We find regimes of parameters for which the linear entropy fails in reproducing the qualitative behavior of the von Neumann entropy. This then may lead to incorrect predictions i) of maximum and minimum entanglement states and ii) of quantum phase transitions.
Lipid variability and risk of microvascular complication in patients with diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Amin , Vaezi Ali , Ansari Akram , Archin Iman , Dadgar Kiarash , Rasouli Asma , Ghannadikhosh Parna , Alishiri Goharsharieh , Tizro Neda , Gharei Fatemeh , Imanparvar Saba , Salehi Sakineh , Mazhari Seyed Amirhossein , Etemadi Mohammad Hossein , Alipour Milad , Deravi Niloofar
Published: March 2023

Background and aims: The current systematic review aimed to elucidate the effects of lipid variability on microvascular complication risk in diabetic patients. The lipid components studied were as follows: LDL, HDL, TG, Total Cholesterol, and Remnant Cholesterol.
Method: We carried out a systematic search in multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, up to September 2022. Finally, after omitting the duplicates, 2724 studies were left, 104 related articles were extracted from the databases, and five articles were included in the study after screening the title, abstract and full text.
Result: Five studies (4 cohorts and one cross-sectional) with a total population of 138664 were reviewed. These studies were done in China, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Italy. The average age of the patients varied from 45 to 84 years. The follow-up duration of cohort studies ranged from 4 to 7 years. These studies have shown that higher LDL, HDL, and TG variability adversely affect microvascular complications, especially nephropathy and neuropathic complications. TG and LDL variability was associated with developing albuminuria and GFR decline. In another study, a lower HDL variation had a protective effect on microalbuminuria. In contrast, another study has shown no evidence of a relationship between lipid variation and microvascular complications such as retinopathy.
Conclusion: The relationship between lipid variation (LDL, HDL, and TG) (adverse effects) on microvascular complications, especially nephropathy and neuropathic (and maybe not retinopathy), is proven. Physicians and health policymakers should be highly vigilant to lipid variation in a general population.
Research of origami robot ROS-based SLAM and autonomous navigation
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Zhang Tianyi , Shang Zuen
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a new water-bomb wheel modeling method is proposed. Based on the water-bomb wheel model, an expandable robot with a multi-link support structure and water-bomb structure is designed and manufactured. A parameterized kinematics solution method is proposed for this variable-diameter wheel robot, which enables the robot to obtain highly reliable odometer information by fusing encoder and IMU information in all states. Based on the parameterized kinematics solution method, SLAM and autonomous navigation system were implemented using the ROS robot operating system as the software platform, and simulation experiments and physical prototype experiments were carried out.
Maternal immune activation during pregnancy is associated with more difficulties in socio-adaptive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders.
Authors: Ellul Pierre , Maruani Anna , Vantalon Valérie , Humeau Elise , Amestoy Anouck , Anchordoqui Andrea , Atzori Paola , Baleyte Jean-Marc , Benmansour Safiyah , Bonnot Olivier , Bouvard Manuel , Cartigny Ariane , Coulon Nathalie , Coutelle Romain , Fonseca David Da , Demily Caroline , Givaudan Marion , Gollier-Briant Fanny , Guénolé Fabian , Koch Andrea , Leboyer Marion , Lefebvre Aline , Lejuste Florian , Levy Charlotte , Mendes Eugénie , Robert Natalia , Schroder Carmen M , Speranza Mario , Zante Elodie , Peyre Hugo , Rosenzwajg Michelle , Klatzmann David , tchitchek nicolas , DELORME Richard
Published: March 2023

Background

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by deficits in social communication or interaction and repetitive behaviours. Maternal immune activation (MIA) during the mid-pregnancy is a known risk factor for ASD. Although reported in 15% of affected individuals, little is known about the specificity of their clinical profiles. Adaptive skills represent a holistic approach to a person's competencies and reflect specifically in autism, their strengths and difficulties.

Methods

In this study, we hypothesised that individual with ASD with a history of MIA (MIA+) could be more severely socio-adaptively impaired than those without MIA during pregnancy (MIA−). To answer this question, we considered two independent cohorts of individuals with ASD (PARIS study and FACE ASD) screened for pregnancy history, and used a supervised and unsupervised statistical approach.

Results

We included 295 mother-child dyads with 14% of them with MIA+. We found that ASD-MIA+ individuals displayed more severe maladaptive behaviors, specifically in their socialization abilities. MIA+ directly influenced individual's socio-adaptive skills, independent of other covariates, including ASD severity. Interestingly, MIA+ may affected persistently the socio-adaptive behavioral trajectories of individuals with ASD.

Limitations

The current study has a retrospective design with possible recall bias regarding the MIA event and, even if pooled from two cohorts, has a relatively small population. In addition, we were limited by the number of covariables available potentially impacted socio-adaptive behaviors. Larger prospective study with additional dimensions related to ASD is needed to confirm our results

Conclusions

Specific pathophysiological pathways may explain these clinical peculiarities of ASD- MIA+ individuals, and may open the way to new perspectives in deciphering the phenotypic complexity of autism and for the development of specific immunomodulatory strategies.
Vibrational-mechanical properties of the highly-mismatched Cd1-xBexTe semiconductor alloy – Experiment and ab initio calculations
Authors: Elmahjoubi Abdelmajid , Shoker Mohamad Baker , Pagès Olivier , Torres Vitor José Babau , Polian Alain , Postnikov Andrei Viktor , Bellin Christophe , Béneut Kévin , Gardiennet Carole , Kervern Gwendal , Naciri Aotmane En , Broch Laurent , Hussein Rami Hajj , Itié Jean-Paul , Nataf Lucie , Ravy Sylvain , Franchetti Pascal , Diliberto Sébastien , Michel Stéphanie , Abouais Ali , Strzałkowski Karol
Published: March 2023

The emerging CdTe-BeTe semiconductor alloy that exhibits a dramatic mismatch in bond covalency / stiffness clarifying its vibrational-mechanical properties is used as a benchmark to test the limits of the percolation model (PM) worked out to explain the complex Raman spectra of the related but less contrasted Zn1‑xBex‑chalcogenides. The test is done by way of experiment (x< 0.11) – combining Raman scattering with X-ray diffraction at high pressure – and ab initio calculations (x~0 – 0.5, x~1). The (macroscopic) bulk modulus B0 drops below the CdTe value on minor Be incorporation, at variance with a linear B0 vs. x increase predicted ab initio, thus hinting at large anharmonic effects in the real crystal. Yet, no anomaly occurs at the microscopic (bond) scale as the regular bimodal PM-type Raman signal predicted ab initio for Be-Te in minority (x~0, 0.5) is (barely) detected experimentally. At large Be content (x~1) the same bimodal signal “relaxes” down to inversion – an unprecedented case. However, specific pressure dependencies of the regular (x~0, 0.5) and inverted (x~1) Be-Te Raman doublets are in line with PM-predictions. Hence, the PM applies as such to Cd1‑xBexTe – albeit in a “relaxed” form, without further refinement. This enhances the model’s validity as a generic descriptor of phonons in alloys.
Perceptions and Experiences of Nurses When Confronted With Expressing a Conscientious Objection Towards End-of-Life Care in Greece
Authors: Voultsos Polychronis , Zymvragou Christina-Erato , Raikos Nikolaos
Published: March 2023

AIM
Conscientious objection in nursing has been a topic of much discussion in recent years. Healthcare providers’ conscientious objection has been included in Greek legislation. However, little is known about the real experiences of nurses who want to apply conscientious objections in their practice. This study aimed to contribute to filling that gap.
METHODS
This qualitative study was conducted with eighteen experienced nurses. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews conducted with purposively selected nurses during the period from October 2019 to January 2020. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. The ethical principles of anonymity, voluntary participation and confidentiality were considered.
RESULTS
Eight major themes and seven subthemes emerged from the thematic data analysis. Oppressive behaviors in the workplace and subservient interactions between nurses and physicians, suboptimal communication and inadequate support of nurses, perceived ineffectiveness of nurses’ conscientious objections, missing legal protection against job insecurity, provision of care labeled ‘futile’, nurses’ false knowledge and perceptions on medical situations related to conscientious objections, nurses’ fears of isolation bullying and negative gossip in the workplace and a trivial amount of nurses’ involvement in medical decisions emerged as barriers to nurses raising conscientious objection. Furthermore, from data analysis, it emerged that some nurses had false knowledge and perceptions on medical situations related to conscientious objections, some nurses experienced mild uncertainty distress about their ethical concerns, nurses considered their remote contribution as participation that can give rise to conscientious objection, a collective conscientious objection raised by nurses might have increased chances of being effective, and upbringing, childhood experiences, education and religion are factors shaping the nurses’ core values.
CONCLUSION
A total of fifteen themes and subthemes emerged from this study. Most of the findings of this study were previously unknown or undervalued and might be helpful to inform nurses and nursing managers or leaders as well as healthcare policy makers. The results of this study might contribute to addressing the need for creating ethically sensitive health care services and ensuring nurses’ moral integrity and high quality of patient care.
Geochemical characteristics and genesis of Middle Proterozoic Jixian System dolomite in the Southwest margin of Ordos Basin
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Hong Zenglin , Liang Jiwei , Guo Xiaodan , Li Shifeng
Published: March 2023

Shallow marine dolomite of Jixian System in Qishan area of Ordos Basin is of great significance for deep exploration of the basin, but its genetic mechanism is still unclear. On the basis of field sampling, by means of analysis and testing of major and trace elements, C, O isotopes, Sr isotopes, combined with the evolutionary background of Middle Proterozoic, this paper has analyzed the geochemical characteristics of Jixian dolomite in Qishan area, and further discussed the origin of dolomite. This study shows that the Jixian dolomite in Qishan area is mainly composed of dolomite, siliceous dolomite and chert bearing banded dolomite, and stromatolites are relatively developed; Geochemical characteristics show that the diagenetic fluid of dolomite in the study area mainly comes from marine sediments, and fresh water may be added later; The genesis of crystalline dolomite is mainly burial genetic model, while the residual texture dolomite and calcareous dolomite are mixed water genetic model; Dissolution dolomite is the cause of seepage reflux mode.