bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa Agropecuária e a Análise dos Investimentos no Fundo Setorial do Agronegócio
Authors: Pereira Caroline Nascimento , Castro Cesar Nunes de
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O artigo realiza a análise do histórico, da estrutura e do financiamento do Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa Agropecuária (SNPA) brasileiro, enfatizando os valores do Fundo Setorial do Agronegócio (CT-Agronegócio), que é destinado ao fomento das atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) agrícolas. Analisa-se a evolução do sistema, desde seus primórdios no século XIX até os dias atuais, com a incorporação da inovação e a criação do Sistema de Inovação Agrícola (SIA), que também considera a diversidade de agentes que atuam em redes, com capacidade de interferência no processo de inovação e pesquisa. Para o sucesso do SNPA, verificado com safras recordes de grãos ano após ano, há uma sólida estrutura de financiamento, fundamentado tanto no setor privado como no setor público, em que este último enfatizou a pesquisa básica e aplicada, realizada via Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) e pelos fundos setoriais. Entretanto, como o artigo mostra, a participação dos fundos setoriais ainda é considerada pouco expressiva diante do dinamismo do setor agropecuário, porém é importante para a sinalização de mercado da atuação do governo em P&D do setor agrícola.
Estilo de gestão de produtores rurais
Authors: Thiago Fernando , Kubo Edson Keyso de Miranda , Pamplona João Batista , Farina Milton Carlos
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar o Estilo de Gestão de produtores rurais no Brasil. Tratou-se Estilo de Gestão como a manifestação das características de se administrar a interação entre as pessoas e entre pessoas e a estrutura, de um ou coletivo de gestores de uma determinada organização. Para analisar o Estilo de Gestão dos produtores rurais, foram considerados os fatores Liderança, Decisão, Comunicação, Controle, Planejamento e Motivação. A abordagem mista subsidiou a metodologia da pesquisa, tendo a análise quantitativa a partir da técnica de levantamento (survey) e análise qualitativa utilizando a técnica de grupo focal, sendo que, para cada técnica de coleta de dados, foram utilizadas amostras diferentes. A amostra dos participantes do levantamento consistiu em 101 gestores de organizações produtoras rurais brasileiras. Participaram da reunião do grupo focal 5 profissionais com experiência e conhecimento na área de gestão de organizações rurais. Os resultados mostraram que os produtores rurais possuem um Estilo de Gestão caracterizado pela forte presença de atividades referentes à liderança, decisão, controle, motivação e tecnologia e menor relevância nos aspectos planejamento e comunicação.
Agricultura familiar, processamento de alimentos e avanços e retrocessos na regulamentação de alimentos tradicionais e artesanais
Authors: Cruz Fabiana Thomé da
Published: June 2020

Resumo: No Brasil, a década de 1990 representa um marco no que se refere a políticas públicas voltadas à agricultura familiar. Dentre essas políticas, merecem atenção as de estímulo à agroindustrialização de alimentos, que incentivaram inúmeras famílias a processar e a comercializar seus produtos. Como consequência, nas últimas décadas, o número de agroindústrias rurais familiares, sejam formais, sejam informais, cresceu significativamente. Porém, apesar do incentivo à agroindustrialização, esses alimentos são processados e comercializados, em sua maioria, à margem do setor formal, o que ocorre devido, principalmente, aos critérios presentes nos regulamentos sanitários vigentes. Ainda que nos últimos anos tenha havido mudanças favoráveis à legalização de agroindústrias familiares, persistem lacunas e desafios importantes que têm contribuído para a informalidade do setor. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é ampliar o debate em torno das características e definições associadas ao processamento de alimentos no âmbito da agricultura familiar e analisar regulamentos federais que constituem o marco regulatório sanitário para esses alimentos no Brasil. Para tanto, além de contextualizar o processamento de alimentos pela agricultura familiar, este artigo analisa regulamentos sanitários que incidiram ou incidem sobre essa atividade agrícola, procurando contemplar distintos valores e qualidades em disputa e também possibilidades para superar lacunas relacionadas a produtos agroalimentares tradicionais e artesanais.
Atitudes e percepções de gestores ambientais da Zona Costeira de SP frente às mudanças climáticas
Authors: Peres Anna Paula , Neves Nathalia Clyo Rizzo de Freitas , Taddei Renzo
Published: June 2020

Resumo: A zona costeira do estado de São Paulo é uma região considerada altamente suscetível aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas. Tal situação é agravada pelo fato de a região concentrar atividades econômicas de relevância nacional e grande densidade populacional, em adição a reservas ambientais e áreas de proteção legal. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as percepções, conhecimentos e atitudes de gestores públicos sobre os efeitos das mudanças climáticas na região costeira do estado, além de avaliar o tipo de informação que possuem e usam (ou pretendem utilizar) na elaboração de planos de adaptação. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da aplicação de questionário via plataforma online SurveyGizmo. Os resultados obtidos documentam níveis crescentes de preocupação, por parte dos gestores ambientais, com os impactos das mudanças climáticas; ao mesmo tempo, evidenciam a ausência de atividade efetiva de elaboração de políticas públicas que visem mitigar ou se adaptar aos impactos esperados.
Efeito da utilização de assistência técnica sobre a renda de produtores familiares do Brasil no ano de 2014
Authors: Rocha Junior Adauto Brasilino , Silva Raniella Orquiza da , Peterle Neto Waldemiro , Rodrigues Cristiana Tristão
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Análises quantitativas dos efeitos da assistência técnica e extensão rural (ATER) são fundamentais para o aperfeiçoamento da política. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da utilização de assistência técnica sobre a renda mensal dos agricultores familiares brasileiros, no presente trabalho aplicou-se o instrumento econométrico Propensity Score Matching, utilizando-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras Domiciliares (PNAD) do ano de 2014. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram acréscimo estatisticamente significativo de R$ 490,54 sobre a renda mensal dos agricultores familiares devido à utilização de assistência, o que comprova a efetividade da ATER enquanto instrumento de geração de renda. Além disso, a análise em nível agregado permite inferir que o acréscimo de renda mensal total para os agricultores familiares em 2014, devido às ações de ATER, foi estatisticamente superior ao gasto anual do governo com o Programa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural na Agricultura Familiar. Conclui-se, desse modo, que há forte indício da viabilidade da expansão das ações de ATER, principalmente considerando que apenas 17% dos agricultores familiares foram assistidos por tais serviços em 2014. A expansão da política, associada às análises sistêmicas para seu constante aperfeiçoamento, é, portanto, um caminho promissor para o desenvolvimento econômico da agricultura familiar no Brasil.
Effects of inclusion of patauá, Oenocarpus bataua meal on elephant grass silage
Authors: QUEIROZ Amanda Caroliny Marques de , SANTOS Wânia Mendonça dos , MENDONÇA Rita de Cássia Almeida de , SANTOS Rosana Ingrid Ribeiro dos , SILVA Thiago Carvalho da , DOMINGUES Felipe Nogueira , RÊGO Aníbal Coutinho do
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Elephant grass silages have high moisture content, causing nutrient loss, mainly by effluent production. The use of moisture absorbent additives, such as patauá, Oenocarpus bataua meal, can be a strategy to reduce losses in these silages. The aim of this study was to determine the fermentation losses, microbiological composition, fermentative characteristics, and chemical composition of elephant grass silage with increasing levels of inclusion of patauá meal. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with four concentrations of patauá meal (7%, 14%, 21%, and 28%, based on fresh matter) and a control without patauá, and five replicates. The elephant grass was collected manually after 60 days of growth. After chopping, the grass was homogenized, mixed with the patauá meal according to the established treatments, and ensiled in experimental silos of 15 L. The inclusion of patauá meal in elephant grass silage had positive effects on the chemical composition and effluent loss. It significantly increased dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, nitrogen insoluble in neutral detergent and acid, ethereal extract, lignin, and non-fibrous carbohydrates of the silages. It also reduced effluent losses, neutral and acid detergent fiber contents, and cellulose. Our findings contribute towards reducing the environmental impact caused by the production of effluents during ensilage of tropical grasses and providing a potential use for the residue from the production of patauá oil, thus avoiding disposal in the environment.
Performance and economic viability of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, selectively bred for weight gain
Authors: SILVA Ana Carla Carvalho , BARROS Adriana Fernandes de , MENDONÇA Flávia Maria Fernandes , GAMA Kamyla Fernanda da Silva , MARCOS Rebeca , POVH Jayme Aparecido , FORNARI Darci Carlos , HOSHIBA Márcio Aquio , ABREU Janessa Sampaio de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is one of the most produced species in Brazilian fish farming, which has boosted the development of new technologies to increase its productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate production performance in two second-generation tambaqui stocks selectively bred for weight gain in a semi-intensive rearing system and assess its influence on total production cost. We analyzed 300 fish (initial mean weight and standard length of 160 g and 17 cm, respectively) of two families (A and B, 150 fish each). The fish were individually marked with microchips and stocked in an 800-m2 excavated pond. For economic analysis, the obtained performance data were extrapolated for a fish farm with a 10-ha pond, adopting the Total Production Cost methodology. After 270 days of farming, the fish from family B were significantly superior (p < 0.05) for all analyzed performance parameters (final weight = 1965.0 g; weight gain = 1786.7 g; biomass gain = 255.2 kg) and morphometric growth in relation to the fish from family A (final weight = 1881.0 g; weight gain = 1737.5 g; biomass gain: 217.7 kg). The total production cost estimations indicated that fish from family B would allow for a 4% reduction in the average fixed cost and a 1% decrease in the total average production cost.
Conservation potential of shade-tolerant forest species in agricultural mosaics in the eastern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: DO VALE Igor , MIRANDA Izildinha Souza , MITJA Danielle , SANTOS Alessio Moreira , SANTOS Graciliano Galdino Alves dos , LEÃO Fábio Miranda , OLIVEIRA Mariana Gomes , COSTA Luiz Gonzaga da Silva
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Shade-tolerant forest species are among the most susceptible to habitat loss in agricultural mosaics, where a variety of croplands is connected to forests at different levels of anthropogenic disturbance. We aimed to evaluate the community similarity of shade-tolerant species among different land use types across agricultural mosaics with different levels of disturbance. The study was conducted in three municipalities in southern and southeastern Pará state, in eastern Amazonia. A multiple-community similarity measure based on the Horn similarity index was used to compare land use types and assess the resilience of shade-tolerant species towards forest loss and disturbance at the landscape level. High shade-tolerant species similarity was found between mature forest fragments that underwent different levels of disturbance in all three agricultural mosaics, but secondary forests had lower similarity with mature forest in the most fragmented and altered mosaic. Shade-tolerant species showed very low density in croplands, but the same group of species seemed to colonize agricultural fields of annual crops and clean pasture, as they showed high community similarity. Another group of species was present in invaded pastures, probably due to the effects of time since land abandonment after woody species colonization. Mixed tree plantations were more similar to mature and secondary forests than other types of croplands. Shade-tolerant species similarity was higher among land use types inserted in agricultural landscapes that maintained conserved forest fragments. Our results suggest that the conservation of mature forests and landscape connectivity are crucial to the maintenance of shade-tolerant species in agricultural mosaics.
Total mercury in wild felids occurring in protected areas in the central Brazilian Amazon
Authors: LOPES Marcelly Castello Branco , CARVALHO Gabriel Oliveira de , BERNARDO Robson Roney , MACEDO Joana , LINO Adan Santos , RAMALHO Emiliano Esterci , KASPER Daniele , MEIRE Rodrigo Ornellas , TORRES João Paulo Machado , MALM Olaf
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT This is the first study to investigate mercury (Hg) contamination in felid species in the Brazilian Amazon. We collected 26 fur samples from wild felids of four species (Puma concolor, Panthera onca, Leopardus pardalis and Leopardus wiedii) occurring in the Mamirauá and Amanã sustainable development reserves, in the state of Amazonas. Samples were from museum specimens, except for five P. onca samples collected from free-living individuals. Total Hg concentrations ranged from 0.12 to 48.1 µg g-1. Concentrations of Hg did not differ significantly between museum specimens and live individuals of P. onca, but varied significantly among species, with significantly higher concentrations for P. onca and L. pardalis, which could be related to factors such as diet and habitat.
Nationwide use of psychotropic drugs for treatment of self-reported depression in the Brazilian urban adult population
Authors: Ramos Luiz Roberto , Mari Jair de Jesus , Fontanella Andréia Turmina , Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso , Mengue Sotero Serrate
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Objective: Antidepressant use is increasing worldwide, but national data on psychotropic drug use by depressed patients in Brazil is lacking. Methodology: Between 2013 and 2014, a representative sample of urban adult individuals were asked if they had a diagnosis of chronic disease, had a medical indication for drug treatment, and were taking chronic medications at the time for each reported diagnosis. We analyzed the frequencies of reported depression and the medications related to this disease. Results: Overall, 6.1% of respondents reported depression. The prevalence increased with age - 9.5% among the elders - was higher among women (8.9%) and in the south of the country (8.9%). As a single disease, the prevalence of depression was higher among young people (17.6%). Among those with multimorbidity, the prevalence of depression rose to 25.7%. Of those who reported depression, 81.3% had medical indication for treatment and 90.3% were under treatment - this proportion was lower among young people (84.5%) and those living in the poorest region (78.6%). Antidepressants accounted for 47.2% of psychotropic drugs taken by respondents with depression, with regional differences - only 30% used antidepressants in the North. Polypharmacy was reported by 22% of those with depression and other chronic diseases. Conclusion: Depression in Brazil, is common among young adults as a single chronic disease and highly prevalent among people with chronic multimorbidity, especially the young. The treatment gap was larger among young people and in the less developed regions of the country.
REVISITING BALANCE-OF-PAYMENTS CONSTRAINED GROWTH 70 YEARS AFTER ECALC’S MANIFESTO: THE CASE OF SOUTH AMERICA
Authors: Abeles Martín , Cherkasky Martín
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT In the period 2014-2018, South American economies experienced a low growth rate in a historical perspective and compared with other developing regions. The paper discusses the structural sources of recent macroeconomic performance in these countries, associated with their specialization on natural resources, inspired by Raúl Prebisch 1949 “Manifesto”. It also poses that the increasing dependence on external borrowing as in the 2014-2018 period derived from the deepening of current account deficits could worsen growth constraints in the coming years, insofar as these financial flows do not contribute to a change in the productive structure, shifting the focus from export weakness to debt sustainability issues.
GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGICAL-FINANCIAL DEPENDENCE CYCLES: FOLLOWING THE PREBISCH FOOTPRINT
Authors: Amico Fabián
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT This text reread the contribution of Prebisch in the era of deregulated financial flows, interpreted in a more general context of demand-driven growth, with the incorporation of capital flows as significant components of external dynamics. Given that the largest economies in Latin America cannot grow driven solely by exports, then the growth of these economies will present a trend towards the trade and current account deficit that will require a net influx of capital. Under certain conditions, this dynamic can be sustainable or not, with various implications for growth. The long-term balance between imports and exports will remain crucial, as in the original Prebisch vision. However, contrary to conventional views, the effects of capital flows can be very important for a strategy to promote structural change.
Servidores com deficiência vinculados à administração pública indireta no nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Suzana Cardoso , Lima Verônica Maria Cadena , Viola Denise Nunes
Published: June 2020

Resumo A Constituição Federal de 1988 estabeleceu vagas específicas às pessoas com deficiência no setor público brasileiro. O artigo teve por objetivo traçar o perfil demográfico e socioeconômico das pessoas com deficiência nos nove estados do Nordeste e compará-lo ao dos servidores sem deficiência, no ano de 2017. Estudo transversal com dados secundários da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais sobre 312.194 servidores. Calcularam-se as frequências de servidores com e sem deficiência segundo sexo, tipo de deficiência, faixa etária, escolaridade, ocupação, tipo de vínculo, tempo de emprego, remuneração e carga horária semanal. O percentual de pessoas com deficiência esteve abaixo de 2%, idade média 44,2 anos (DP 10,4), predomínio do sexo masculino, escolaridade fundamental completo e vínculo celetista. Ao estratificar por tipo de vínculo e demais variáveis, o servidor sem deficiência possui maior tempo de emprego, maior salário-hora, maior remuneração e menor carga horária semanal do que servidores com deficiência. A menor presença feminina entre as pessoas com deficiência no setor público e as menores remunerações percebidas no grupo de servidores com deficiência podem nortear, dentro desses espaços, a necessidade de mais políticas de inclusão e isonomia e de estudos nessa linha de investigação.
Educação permanente em saúde: práticas desenvolvidas nos municípios do estado de Goiás
Authors: Barcellos Rosilene Marques de Souza , Melo Leila Medeiros , Carneiro Larissa Arbués , Souza Anna Carime , Lima Dione Marçal , Rassi Lenora Taveira
Published: June 2020

Resumo A educação permanente em saúde é orientadora de processos significativos de aprendizagem e propõe a produção de resultados efetivos nas ações de saúde. O estudo teve por objetivo delinear o perfil das práticas de educação permanente em saúde nos municípios de Goiás, na perspectiva dos representantes da área. Esta pesquisa transversal utilizou questionário semiestruturado, respondido online pelos participantes. A maioria dos informantes é referência local da educação permanente em saúde (68,9%), são enfermeiros e com função de Coordenadores da Atenção Primária (31,8%). Predominaram municípios que identificam a existência de educação permanente em saúde em seu território (66,2%). Em geral, as ações são promovidas pelo próprio município (61,3%) ou pela regional de saúde (37,9%), destacando-se a educação continuada, seguida da (re)organização dos processos de trabalho e a educação em saúde. Fatores atitudinais, de relações interpessoais e de recursos humanos foram apontados como os desafios mais frequentes. Com base nesse diagnóstico, entende-se que a maioria dos problemas identificados é passível de intervenção. Este estudo apresenta subsídios para planejamento estratégico de educação permanente em saúde, apoio às instâncias responsáveis pelo seu fomento e gerenciamento nos municípios, bem como fortalecimento de suas ações nos serviços de saúde.
Ensino da graduação em cenários da atenção primária: espaço para aprendizagem interprofissional
Authors: Toassi Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti , Olsson Thaís Ostroski , Lewgoy Alzira Maria Baptista , Bueno Denise , Peduzzi Marina
Published: June 2020

Resumo Neste estudo, investigou-se como o ensino da graduação em cenário de prática da Atenção Primária à Saúde pode constituir espaço de aprendizagem interprofissional, por meio da análise do significado de sua experiência na formação de futuros profissionais de saúde. Pesquisa desenvolvida em universidade pública do sul do Brasil, com dados qualitativos coletados por instrumento autoaplicado online com estudantes e egressos (n=186) de 15 profissões da saúde que participaram de uma experiência de educação interprofissional. Resultados mostraram que práticas de ensino compartilhadas com estudantes, professores, profissionais da saúde de diversas áreas e com usuários, promoveram momentos de escuta e de compartilhamento de experiências, percepções e diferentes saberes. A educação tutorial em pequenos grupos no cenário da Atenção Primária potencializou a experiência de educação interprofissional. Aprendizagens relacionadas ao reconhecimento e valorização dos papéis de cada profissão na equipe e ao desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação foram destacadas. O curto espaço de tempo da experiência foi um desafio reconhecido pelos participantes para promover a integração. Interações entre estudantes de diferentes profissões em atividades práticas de ensino na Atenção Primária promoveram aprendizagens compartilhadas na graduação, passíveis de apoiar habilidades de colaboração no trabalho em equipe e de atenção integral à saúde.
Electroacoustic and electrophysiological auditory assessment in aphasic individuals
Authors: Buriti Ana Karina Lima , Mello Lilian Aguiar de , Machado Bruna de Souza Pedroso , Gil Daniela
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the functioning of the outer hair cells and the medial efferent olivocochlear system, and the integrity of the auditory pathways in the brainstem up to the auditory cortex, in aphasic individuals. Methods: the sample comprised 20 individuals - 10 without aphasia and 10 with it, aged from 21 to 58 years. The procedures used were the research of the otoacoustic emissions by a transient stimulus with and without noise, and the cognitive potential (tone-burst and speech stimuli). The findings were analyzed based on descriptive statistics. Results: the suppression effect was more present in individuals without aphasia when compared with the aphasic ones. In the cognitive potential, the mean latency values of P3 was within normality standards, with a higher latency in the individuals presented with aphasia for the tone-burst stimulus in both ears. A statistically significant difference of the P3-N2 amplitude was observed for the tone-burst stimulus, comparing the ears in both groups, and for speech stimulus only to the left ear in both groups. Conclusions: aphasic individuals did not present significant differences regarding suppression of the otoacoustic emissions. As for the cognitive potential, the aphasic individuals presented higher latency values when compared to those with no aphasia.
Educational Speech-Language Pathology in the curricula of Speech-Language Pathology Programs in Brazil
Authors: Moura Chirlene Santos da Cunha , Moura Girlany Santana de , Lima Ivonaldo Leidson Barbosa , Santos Ariana Elite dos , Sousa Maiara dos Santos , Oliveira Luciana Figueiredo de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the inclusion of Educational Speech-Language Pathology in the curricula of Speech-Language Pathology programs in Brazil. Methods: a descriptive, exploratory, documentary research based on information from public domain documents. Data were collected from the search on the website of the Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia, each institution’s curricula being analyzed. Results: a total of 72 higher education institutions in Brazil, offering a Speech-Language Pathology bachelor program, was found. Of those that had their curricula available on the website, 34 offered at least one course on Educational Speech-Language Pathology. In most institutions, such courses had a study load of 40 hours or more, and 87.88% were exclusively theoretical. Conclusion: the presence of Educational Speech-Language Pathology in the curricula represents a progress. However, there is still a long way to go and there are many adjustments to be made for the speech-language pathologist’s training to satisfactorily include the field of education.
Correlation between receptive vocabulary skill, syntactic awareness, and word writing
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa Magalhães , Silva Cláudia da
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the correlation between receptive vocabulary, syntactic awareness, and single-word orthographic writing tests. Methods: a total of 42 third graders from elementary public schools, of both genders, aged 8 to 9 years, participated in this study. To obtain the data, the vocabulary test through images, syntactic awareness test, word dictation test, and writing under dictation test were used. For normality distribution, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used; in the relationship between the variables, the Spearman correlation test and the R2 value test were used (p-value ≤ 0.05). Results: there was a statistically significant difference, with a moderate positive correlation between receptive vocabulary, syntactic awareness, and word dictation (values near 0.40 to 0.50); moderate-to-high, between grammatical judgment, word dictation, and writing under dictation (values near 0.50 to 0.75); low-to-moderate, between word dictation and grammatical correction, grammatical and ungrammatical correction, and word categorization (values near 0.25 to 0.50); and moderate-to-high, between word dictation and writing under dictation (values near 0.50 to 0.75). Conclusion: a positive correlation was identified, ranging from low to high, pointing to the direct and favorable relationship between receptive vocabulary skills, syntactic awareness, and single-word writing.
Cognitive-linguistic performance of schoolchildren in the literacy cycle in the public school context: universal screening
Authors: Rosal Angélica Galindo Carneiro , Cordeiro Ana Augusta de Andrade , Roazzi Antônio , Queiroga Bianca Arruda Manchester de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the linguistic-cognitive performance of schoolchildren in the literacy cycle, in order to identify children at risk for learning disorders in the public school context. Methods: this study involved 88 children, aged 6 to 8 years, enrolled in the first, second and third year of elementary education I, from two schools in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The procedure used was the Cognitive-Linguistic Skills Evaluation Protocol, which has collective and individual versions, both being applied. The analysis of the groups was performed through the statistical non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with p <0.05. Results: all students were submitted to the individual version for presenting poor performance in the collective version of the protocol. Thus, the application of the collective version was not sufficient to identify children at risk for learning disorders, thus, the indication of the individual assessment. In the individual version, students from the 1st year showed a lower performance in most of the subtests that make up the instrument, whereas those from the 2nd and 3rd years had an average performance, which also deserves attention, according to the instrument of evaluation. These results, below the one expected for the age and school year, may be a consequence of poor learning opportunities within and outside school. There were also significant differences as a function of the schooling advance, revealing that the cognitive-linguistic skills, precursors of the reading and writing learning process, are only having a greater leap of development at the end of the literacy cycle, in the third year, which reveals a significant delay in terms of learning. Conclusion: the low performance observed in cognitive-linguistic abilities in schoolchildren hinders the early identification of children at risk for learning disorders and questions the quality of educational opportunities experienced by the students inside and outside the public school. Other factors, such as regional differences in language and linguistic context, need to be considered in the interpretation of tests that evaluate cognitive-linguistic abilities.
FREQUENCY OF MEALS CONSUMED BY BRAZILIAN ADOLESCENTS AND ASSOCIATED HABITS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Sousa Suzy Ferreira de , Wolf Vaneza Lira Waldow , Martini Mariana Conteiro San , Assumpção Daniela de , Barros Filho Antônio Azevedo de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the studies that identified the frequency of meals ingested by Brazilian adolescents and associated habits. Data sources: A systematic search was made in the databases and electronic databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, The Latin American and Caribbean Center of Information in Health Sciences (BIREME), Scopus, Web of Science and Embase, with articles published between January/2007 until December/2017, which addressed the evaluation of the frequency of meals performed by adolescents, considering or not associations with eating patterns and meal replacement. Data synthesis: 6,608 studies were obtained through the search and nine were included in this review, all of them with a cross-sectional design. Eight studies used school surveys and only one was a population survey. Seven studies evaluated the frequency of the main daily meals that ranged from 47.0 to 79.0% at breakfast, from 65.0 to 98.4% at lunch, and from 51.0 to 94.0% at dinner. Five studies identified the frequencies of consumption of snacks between meals, finding higher values for afternoon snack (variation from 42.0 to 78.0%). Regarding the substitution of meals for snacks, in three of the four selected studies; it was observed that this practice occurred mainly in substitution of dinner (24.6 to 42.0%). Conclusions: Breakfast was the most omitted meal for adolescents, and dinner was replaced with snacks. Among the between meal snacks, the afternoon snack was the most consumed.
Atuação cotidiana no Sistema Único de Saúde em sua terceira década
Authors: Gontijo Mariana Delfino , Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca , Freitas Amanda Tainara Souza , Maia Amanda Ferreira de Faria , Nitschke Rosane Gonçalves , Nabarro Marta
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo compreender a atuação cotidiana no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em sua terceira década, sob a ótica dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Método pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e no Interacionismo Simbólico, com 82 profissionais de saúde que atuam na APS. Teve como fonte de evidências a entrevista aberta individual e memorandos. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril de 2017 e março de 2018, em 14 unidades de APS de três municípios pertencentes às regiões sanitárias distintas de Minas Gerais. Resultados a atuação cotidiana no SUS é apresentada pelos profissionais da APS e perpassa pela compreensão que tem do SUS, do trabalho na APS e sua implicação na atuação profissional; pelo impacto da gestão; o contexto atual do SUS e sua influência na assistência (in)segura. Conclusões e implicações para a prática: fatores que ocasionam insegurança ao profissional podem comprometer a qualidade da assistência e as boas práticas, contribuindo para reflexões de profissionais, gestores e usuários sobre a relevância da proatividade na participação popular para que mudanças ocorram frente ao contexto da APS possibilitando ao profissional mais segurança em suas ações e melhorias na qualidade da atenção à saúde.
Práticas corporais na formação continuada de professoras: sentidos da experiência
Authors: Ehrenberg Mônica Caldas , Ayoub Eliana
Published: June 2020

Resumo Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa de pós-doutoramento que se situa na tênue fronteira entre educação, educação física e arte, e versa sobre as relações entre a formação continuada de professoras e o lugar do corpo e da expressividade na educação. Objetivou-se que professoras de educação infantil e primeiras séries do ensino fundamental pudessem, a partir da experimentação, sensibilização e da percepção de seus corpos, compreender possibilidades educativas e artísticas da gestualidade. Para tal, organizamos um curso de extensão para professoras da educação infantil e primeiras séries do ensino fundamental da cidade de Campinas, em São Paulo, em que as mesmas vivenciaram atividades corporais e artísticas. Numa segunda etapa da investigação, constituímos um grupo focal a fim de discutirmos e compreendermos os sentidos atribuídos pelas professoras participantes ao curso realizado. Como resultado, pudemos ampliar as discussões fundamentais para o desenvolvimento das práticas corporais na formação docente, compreendendo essas práticas de maneira ressignificada a partir das ciências humanas, que compreendem todas as pessoas, incluindo as crianças, como produtoras de culturas, entre elas a cultura corporal. Também foi possível concluir que as experimentações corporais puderam mobilizar a produção de sentidos outros e, assim, tornaram-se uma experiência significativa na formação continuada das professoras participantes que se disseram tocadas e sensibilizadas pelas vivências, reconhecendo, desse modo, a potência que tais práticas podem ter na sua formação e ação profissional.
Position-Based Social Choice Methods for Intransitive Incomplete Pairwise Vote Sets (Student Abstract)
Authors: Zucker Julian
Published: June 2020

Combining the decisions of multiple agents into a final decision requires the use of social choice mechanisms. Pairwise decisions are often incomplete and intransitive, preventing the use of Borda count and other position-based social choice mechanisms. We propose and compare multiple methods for converting incomplete intransitive pairwise vote sets to complete rankings, enabling position-based social choice methods. The algorithms are evaluated on their output's Kendall's τ similarity when implementing pairwise social choice mechanisms. We show that there is only a small difference between the outputs of social choice methods on the original pairwise vote set and the generated ranking set on a real-world pairwise voting dataset. Source code for the analysis is available.1
Embbed Dajare Word Play Process in “Shirokuma Café”
Authors: Salisah Talin , Sunarni Nani
Published: June 2020

Pun, in English, is a word play that is very suitable for Japanese, which has many homonyms. The name of word play in Japanese is called dajare. Many experts mention the types of dajare, and one of the researchers mentioned that there are three types of dajare. These three of types are homophonic dajare, near-homophonic dajare, and embbed dajare. One of the three types of dajare is the main focus of research. This research explained the analysis of embbed dajare in an animated show titled ““Shirokuma Café””, the show that has a lot of dajare in conversations between Shirokuma and his friends which is seen from the vocabularies are used. The purpose of this research was to study how the embbed dajare word play process is used in the conversation between Shirokuma and the person he is talking to. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The results of this research showed that the same or similarity of sound and form of dajare does not guarantee the similarity of meaning between the referent word and the target word.
Chuugi Bushido Value in Animation Movie “Sengoku Musou” by Kojin Ochi
Authors: Wardana Ruditya Yogi , Rahayu Ely Triasih , Firmansyah Dian Bayu , Hartati Hartati
Published: June 2020

This research was based on one of the most popular Japanese cultural value called Bushido, especially chuugi value in Sengoku Musou animated film by Kojin Ochi. The purposes of this research were: 1) Describing the implementation of chuugi value in bushido, 2) Describing the act of chuugi, and 3) Describing the act that deviate from chuugi. The method used in this research was a qualitative research method. The results of this study showed that there were 20 acts of chuugi and 5 acts that deviate from chuugi in Sengoku Musou animated film. Moreover, this research indicated that the act of chuugi can be motivated by several factors such as the aspect of obedience with orders, the desire to stay together, and the will to sacrifice everything for their master. On the other hand, the deviation of chuugi were occurred because of economic factor, depression factor, psychopathic factor, seeking a target for disappointment factor, and opposing social bonding factor
Implementation of Active Knowledge Sharing Strategy in Intermediate Level Dokkai through Scientific Approach
Authors: Oktaviany Feny , Philiyanti Frida , Prasetio Viana Meilani
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the effectiveness and to find out the advantages and disadvantages of the Active Knowledge Sharing strategy through a scientific approach in the Dokkai. In learning Japanese, learners often encountered difficulties in reading comprehension or Dokkai. Based on a questionnaire, the difficulties including reading kanji, followed by vocabulary competence and grammar competence. On the other hand, the time limitation in class cause problems of learning method which teacher rarely provide an introduction step to students in the form of questions or vocabulary exercises related to the reading material they will deal with. To overcome this problem, we need a learning strategy that emphasize the cooperative learning among students to achieve the objective of comprehending a reading. We chose the strategy initiated by Silberman (2013), namely Active Knowledge Sharing, as a good way to introduce students to the subject matter that will be learned. In addition, by monitoring how students solving each other's problems in team, teacher can evaluate how much knowledge they have. In this study a scientific approach is complemented to support the active learning in this strategy. The study conducted using an experimental method with pretest and posttest design. The sample are 38 students of fifth semester students who take Dokkai III course. Based on the analysis of research data, it found that the Active Knowledge Sharing strategy through a scientific approach is effective in  learning Dokkai III. The advantages are that students who are initially passive become actively participate in learning and students can also answer the meaning of vocabulary without depending on dictionary or smartphones, and students are encouraged to help each other in solving problems which help students to comprehend the contents of reading easier and faster. However there are the disadvantages of this strategy such as inability to enhance student’s critical thinking and less suitable for students who are more focused if studying alone.
Speech Act Realization on Handbook Mitigation Disaster in Japan
Authors: Radhiya Rd. Januar , Martawijaya Asteria Permata
Published: June 2020

This study investigates speech act strategies used in earthquake mitigation handbooks in Japan, and focuses on finding the type of communicative functions of the speech act strategies used. The government of Japan has provided online and printed handbooks for the people, to reduce risks to a minimum level regarding the disaster so people can prepare beforehand. The data in this study were collected from online leaflet and handbook regarding earthquake mitigation provided by 9 government city’s websites, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, and by collecting actual handbook and leaflets from Indonesian lives in Japan. The data were analysed using descriptive qualitative method. Collected data then categorized into assertive and directive speech acts, negative and positive politeness based on Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory, and focusing on expression of consideration (hairyo hyougen). This study found that there are 659 statements related to earthquake disaster mitigation collected from the data. Also, the findings showed that there are 179 assertive and 480 directives speech acts, with more of imperative directive speech than prohibition directive speech. Moreover, Japanese government tend to use hairyou hyougen on their leaflet and handbook disaster mitigation to show respect to the reader.
What Makes Difficult to Keep Learning Japanese? Demotivational Factors Affecting on Indonesian University Students
Authors: Yamashita Junko
Published: June 2020

Demotivation can negatively influence the learner’s attitudes and behaviors, and result in negative learning outcomes. This paper investigates factors contributing to demotivation in learning Japanese as a foreign language in Indonesia, and the relationship between demotivating factors and present proficiencies. A seventeen-item questionnaire was completed by 157 Indonesian university students. As the result of exploratory factor analysis, questionnaire items consequently grouped to four categories: Course difficulty, Speaking anxiety, Devalued learning, and Boredom.The validity of the four-factor structure was verified by the confirmatory factor analysis method. In addition, two-way ANOVA was performed to investigate the relationship between demotivational factors and proficiency level. As a result, statistically significant differences were found between Low and High groups in all the factors, and between Middle and High groups in the factors expect for Devalued learning. In addition, the scores of Speaking anxiety and Boredom consistently scored the highest among the four factors. However, the degree of demotivation was decreased as the learners’ Japanese proficiency improved. Findings from this study indicated that teachers should strive to make classes not only less anxious but also more interesting. Moreover, teachers should scaffold learners, especially low proficient beginners to prevent or minimize their demotivation.
Koping Religius Remaja ODHA di Kota Bandung
Authors: Aisyah Popy Siti , Widianti Anggriyana Tri , Lusiani Eli
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAKRemaja dengan HIV AIDS merupakan kelompok minoritas yang berkebutuhan khusus yang harus ditingkatkan kualitas hidupnya . Aspek spiritual sangat berperan penting dalam kehidupan remaja dimana bisa menjadi bagian perlindungan diri terhadap status kesehatan yang buruk.  Keyakinan religius akan mempunyai peran  penting dalam pengambilan keputusan yang besar dalam hidupnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengekplorasi koping religius remaja dengan HIV AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan  di Rumah Cemara Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan  pendekatan kualitatif  fenomenologi dengan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Tehnik pengambilan sampling menggunakan purposeful sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 5 orang partisipan remaja ODHA dengan teknik semi-indepth interview. Pengolahan data menggunakan pendekatan Empirical Phenomenological Psychological untuk mendapatkan tema – tema yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Adapun tema-tema yang ditemukan dalam penelitian adalah penyakit yang dialami sebagai hukuman dari tuhan, koping religius pasif, religisiusitas yang rendah,self directing koping. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan remaja ODHA menggunakan pola koping religius negatif. Berdasarkan penelitian diatas diperlukan suatu upaya integrasi asuhan keperawatan dengan pendekatan spiritual pada remaja HIV khususnya kelompok LSL. ABSTRACTHIV infected adolescent are a minority group with special needs who must improve their quality of life. Spiritual aspect is important to adolescents, is usually considered a protective factor against a host of negative health outcomes. Religious faith have role in making major life decisions. The purpose of this study was to explore the religious coping of adolescents who are diagnosed with HIV AIDS. The study was conducted at Rumah Cemara Bandung. This research is a qualitative phenomenology design with decriptive explorative. The sampling technique used purposeful sampling. The data collection from five participants with semi in depth interviewed. Data analysis were used the empirical phenomenological  Psychological method. The themes found in this study are illness was experienced as punishment from God, passive religious coping, low religiousity, self directing coping. This showed HIV infected adolescent with homosexual behaviour tended negative religious coping patterns. The result suggest that spiritual care is important for adolescent are diagnosed with HIV with homosexuality.
Characteristics of professional adaptation of correctional school teachers
Authors: Kosina Nataliia V. , Radkevich Anna V.
Published: June 2020

Training and education of children with physical and mental health problems makes a number of requirements for teachers working in various correctional medical institutions. These specialists must have a high level of adaptive characteristics allowing combining up-to-date pedagogical methodology with individual approach, taking into account the current state of the child. As a result of applying complex experimental psychological techniques we managed to identify specific features of correctional teachers adaptive characteristics (when comparing with public school teachers), namely: low level of activity and optimism, insufficient adaptive strategy to cope with stress characterizing maladaptive personality types. There were also a lot of negative organizational factors affecting the process and result of professional activity: a lot of work, unauthorized persons at the lessons, interaction problems with parents, insufficiency of pupils independent work, need for individual explanation, lack of real results in teachers activity. Teachers working in correctional schools and having an average level of social and psychological adaptation give a lower evaluation of various aspects in professional activity. They have a pronounced value of psychological and physiological professional maladjustment shown in somatic, emotional and social spheres as well as motivation decrease in their professional activity. Correctional school teachers have a high degree of professional burnout and their emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are more pronounced.