bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Massage and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Combination Therapy on Reducing Itching in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zamroni Amiruz , Sutawardana Jon Hafan , Kushariyadi  , Sodikin M.
Published: December 2023

Diabetic pruritus is a skin complication that is often found in diabetes mellitus patients which is characterized by complaints of itching. One of the complementary therapies that can reduce itching is to do massage and VCO combination therapy. The study aim to analyze the effectiveness of combination massage therapy and VCO to reduce itching in diabetic. This research is a descriptive study using a case study approach. Participant in this study was patient with type II diabetes mellitus with complaints of itchy skin. The intervention was carried out for 3 days of treatment with a frequency of action twice a day in the morning and evening after bathing. The pre-test and post-test were assessed using two instruments including the Overall Dry Skin Score (ODSS) to assess the dryness of the patient's skin and the Itch Numeric Rating Scale (Itch NRS) to assess the patient's itch level. The results showed a decrease in the level of skin dryness from the scale 3 to scale 2 on day 3 of treatment and there was a decrease in the itching scale from scale 7 to scale 4 on day 3 of treatment. Combination therapy of massage and VCO can increase the level of skin moisture as evidenced by a decrease in the level of skin dryness so that it will also reduce the level of skin itching. With these results, it can be considered to make combination massage therapy and VCO as therapeutic modality to overcome the problem of itching in DM patients.
Fractional calculus applied to the Cournot-type adjustment model
Authors: De Cezaro Adriano , Correa Matheus Madeira
Published: December 2023

In this contribution, we propose the incorporation of memory in a Cournot-type model for the process of adjusting the production of firms in a duopoly market, through the calculation of fractional order. Under the simplifying assumption that the inverse demand and costs of firms are affine functions of the quantities produced, we show numerically some conditions on memory (fractional derivative order) and on the speed of the adjustment process, so that the model proposed converges to Cournot's generalized stationary points. Under these assumptions, we show that the firm that has more memory obtains greater profit.
Asymptotic homogenization with finite elements for an orthotropic radially microperiodic sphere
Authors: Oliveira Neto João Geraldo Menezes de , Rocha Fabio Carlos da , Pérez Fernández Leslie Darien , Sampaio Maria do Socorro Martins , Bravo Castillero Julián
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes a semi-analytical methodology that combines the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) with the finite elements method (FEM) to solve boundary-value problems with rapidly oscillating coefficients. This approach is motivated by the convergence difficulties observed when this type of problem is addressed directly via FEM, whereas the AHM has shown to be efficacious for obtaining good generic approximations of the exact solution. Illustratively, this AHM-FEM methodology is developed for the mechanical equilibrium problem of a radially microperiodic orthotropic sphere under hydrostatic pressure, which allows its validation by comparing with the AHM analytical solution. Specifically, the effective coefficients and the homogenized and local problems are calculated via AHM, and then their analytical and FEM solutions are obtained. Finally, to validate the semianalytical methodology, the generic solutions are applied in an example and, from the obtained results, a comparison is made between the analytical AHM solution and the semi-analytical AHM-FEM solution.
Impacto da assimilação 3DVAR no ciclone subtropical Yakecan
Authors: Härter Fabrício Pereira , Calvetti Leonardo , Shiguemori Elcio Hideiti , Rossatto Felipe Copceski
Published: December 2023

No presente trabalho, avalia-se o impacto da assimilação dos dados do satélite AMSU-A realizada através do sistema variacional tridimensional do modelo de previsão de tempo WRF. Estuda-se o caso do ciclone Yakecan, que causou prejuízos socioeconômicos no sul do Brasil no dia 17 de maio de 2022. Sistemas extratropicais são bastante comuns na região de estudo, entretanto sistemas como o Yakecan, que possuem características mistas entre ciclone tropical e extratropical são de particular interesse. As simulações realizadas pelo modelo WRF captaram a propagação e desenvolvimento do sistema. Entretanto, a condição inicial gerada com dados de satélite mostrou um posicionamento do sistema de maneira mais precisa do que a simulação sem assimilação de dados. Essa diferença é fundamental para a previsão de tempo no sul do Brasil, uma vez que o correto posicionamento do sistema define se as consequências do ciclone atingem áreas densamente povoadas no litoral do país ou limita-se a atingir o oceano adjacente.
A numerical investigation on the wind-induced response of a high-rise building considering the soil-structure interaction
Authors: Visintainer Michael Renê Mix , Braun Alexandre Luis
Published: December 2023

In the present work, a numerical investigation is carried out to evaluate the wind-induced response of a standard tall building model resting on a deformable soil. The numerical model is developed in this work from a partitioned coupling scheme, in which the physical media involved are solved sequentially, and may present independent discretization and solution methods. The problem is spatially discretized using eight-node hexahedral isoparametric elements with underintegration techniques. The fundamental flow equations are kinematically described using an arbitrary lagrangian-eulerian (ALE) formulation and numerically solved using the explicit two-step Taylor-Galerkin scheme. Structure and soil are considered as deformable elastoplastic media, using a corotational approach to deal with physical and geometric nonlinearities. A three-dimensional contact formulation based on the penalty method is used to perform the load transfer between soil and foundation. A hybrid parallelization model based on CUDA-OpenMP techniques is employed to improve the processing performance. Numerical results obtained from aeroelastic analyses are compared with numerical and wind tunnel measurements reported by other authors. Results demonstrated that the soil-structure interaction affected the building response to the wind action and the aeroelastic instability due to vortex shedding can be considerably reduced with the soil presence.
Application of constructal theory for the construction of an arrangement of heated blocks inserted in a channel subject to flows with forced convection
Authors: Carmo Diego Mion do , Isoldi Liércio André , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira , Errera Marcelo Risso , Santos Elizaldo Domingues dos
Published: December 2023

This work shows an analysis of the construction of the geometric arrangement of blocks mounted on the surfaces of a channel subject to a laminar, incompressible flow, with forced convection in a two-dimensional domain. The construction is carried out through a construction function based on the system performance indicator, i.e., the heat transfer rate from the arrangement to the fluid flow. For the assembly of the arrangement, a methodology based on the principles of the Constructal Theory is used. To solve the convection problem, the mass, momentum and energy conservation equations are solved with the Finite Volume Method, more precisely using the FLUENT software. The objective of this work is to understand how the construction of the initial blocks of the array (N = 3 blocks) occurs in an area occupied by the channel in flows with forced convection and Reynolds and Prandtl numbers of ReH  = 100 and Pr = 0.71. The best and worst cases for N = 2 led to an increase of 93.21% and 28.59%, respectively, compared to the N = 1 case. Results demonstrated that the construction that led to the best thermal performance was the configuration where there is the highest momentum between blocks (intensifying the convective heat transfer coefficient) and with the lowest interaction between the thermal boundary layers, which is in agreement with the principle of optimal distribution of imperfections.
Optimization of reinforced concrete structures using population-based metaheuristic algorithms
Authors: Amaral Rodrigo Reis , Barazzutti Lamartini Fontana , Gomes Herbert Martins
Published: December 2023

For many industrial activities, ideal projects are achieved by comparing the solution of alternative projects with those already executed. The feasibility of solutions plays an important role in these activities. For example, the underlying objective (cost, profit, etc.) estimated for each project solution is calculated and the best solution is adopted. This is the usual procedure followed by many constructors due to time and resource limitations. However, in many cases, this method is followed simply by a lack of knowledge of existing optimization procedures. In this context, a comparative study of population-based metaheuristic algorithms applied to a case study of a reinforced concrete beam design reinforced with a polymer matrix with carbon fibers will be presented. Evolutionary algorithms have the ability to determine the optimal values of the design variables without disregarding the restrictions on ACI-318 and ACI-440 standards while minimizing the reinforcement area for each beam (cost). The comparative study shows that not all presented algorithms violated design constraints. In addition, it can be said that the values found for the design variables present a low dispersion around the mean value of the objective function.
Conductional heat transfer in magmatic intrusions
Authors: Costa Tamires Bojjis da , Schramm Marcelo , Petersen Claudio Zen , Tumelero Fernanda
Published: December 2023

The thermal effect that occurs due to the insertion of igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins has been widely investigated in different geological contexts, either to obtain more precise information about the development of the basin and or for the purpose of exploring and evaluating the mineral resources existing there. We can verify that the knowledge of the thermal gradient is fundamental in studies of heat distribution through means such as the Earth's crust or mantle, as this way, we obtain the thermal evolution of magmatic intrusions and adjacent rocks over geological time. For the present work, the determination of the temperature gradient and consequently the thermal evolution of a 13-meter-thick sill and adjacent rocks located in the Paraná Basin - Irati Formation, was obtained through the use of the one-dimensional heat dispersion model in transient regime of finite time, in which, in the spatial variable the numerical method of finite differences (FDM) is used and in the temporal variable the Euler method. Although in cases of large and thick magmatic bodies or sections that include the terrestrial lithospheric and asthenospheric mantles, the mechanism of convection and radiation has an expressive role in the energy transfer process. However, in most geological situations, conduction is the most important mechanism in the heat distribution process.
Retaining of dredging waste using geotextile tubes: analysis of the dewatering and undrained shear resistance of the sludge cake
Authors: Irala Larissa Macedo Aguiar , Schnorenberger Eduarda Giovana , Fagundes Diego de Freitas
Published: December 2023

The city of Rio Grande has its economy linked to coastal and port activities and has a port complex of high economic importance for the region. To maintain the depth of the port channels, periodic dredging operations are carried out, as occurred in the Port of Rio Grande between 2018 and 2020. Approximately 16 million m³ of sediments were removed from the channel and deposited in disposal zones. There has been an attempt to develop techniques that carry out the reuse and disposal of dredging waste more appropriately, seeking to minimize environmental impacts by avoiding inappropriate open-sea or onshore disposal. Within this context, this work aims to evaluate the potential of the retaining and dewatering process of dredging waste in geotextile tubs (linear geoforms, geobags e etc). This technique reduces the volume of dredged mud through desiccation and allows the geotextile tubs to be installed in sedimentation basins onshore or coastal protection structures. Thus, the present study evaluated the dewatering and filtration efficiency of these systems through tests of small bags. The advantages of adding flocculation polymer and the behavior of undrained shear strength over time of the retained cake were evaluated.
El mapa de vulnerabilidad del acuífero como instrumento de prevención de la contaminación del agua en áreas agrícolas. La cuenca del arroyo de Los Padres (partido de General Pueyrredón, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina).
Authors: Viglianchino Liliana Ester , Grondona Sebastian Iván , Bedmar Francisco , Angelini Hernán Pablo , Massone Héctor Enrique
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar y evaluar los resultados que brindan cinco metodologías de evaluación de vulnerabilidad del acuífero en un área de actividad agrícola intensiva en el SE bonaerense. El área de estudio es la Cuenca del Arroyo de Los Padres, donde el acuífero Pampeano es la única fuente de agua. Las metodologías utilizadas son EKv, GOD/GOD-S y DRASTIC/DRASTIC-P. La evaluación de la vulnerabilidad del acuífero se realizó en entorno ArcGis 10.1. En general, se observó que las zonas más vulnerables coinciden con las zonas bajas de la cuenca, mientras que las zonas menos vulnerables se encuentran en las zonas altas. El método EKv identifica más del 75% del área de estudio como de “vulnerabilidad moderada”, siendo el menos restrictivo y adecuado para una primera aproximación. Las metodologías GOD y GODS muestran un área extensa de "baja vulnerabilidad", destacándose que GODS muestra una vulnerabilidad baja en el 96% del territorio. DRASTIC y DRASTIC-P muestran mayores áreas de "alta vulnerabilidad", siendo estas metodologías las que utilizan más variables y proporciona resultados más confiables y cercanos a la realidad. En resumen, los métodos DRASTIC y DRASTIC-P son más útiles para la toma de decisiones y la protección del acuífero, ya que consideran parámetros importantes relacionados con su vulnerabilidad. Estos métodos proporcionan un mejor equilibrio entre incertidumbre y utilidad en la toma de decisiones.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Korban Revenge Porn Dalam Yurisdiksi Virtual Berdasarkan Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Purba Yuliana
Published: December 2023

Latar Belakang: Perkembangan Teknologi yang cepat menimbulkan berbagai jenis kejahatan baru di ranah cyberspace atau yurisdiksi virtual. Tidak kriminal yang dilakukan dalam ranah cyberspace, yakni dengan menggunakan teknologi komputer dan/atau internet sebagai alat kejahatan utama disebut juga sebagai tindakan cybercrime.
Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini membahas secara mendalam terkait perlindungan hukum nasional bagi korban Revenge Porn.
Metode: Yurisdiksi adalah refleksi dari kedaulatan suatu negara yang dilaksanakan dalam batas-batas wilayahnya.
Hasil: Dalam hukum Indonesia, terdapat istilah yurisdiksi virtual yang merupakan bagian dari yurisdiksi negara sehingga dalam hal ini negara dapat ikut campur dalam hal kejahatan yang terjadi di dalam yurisdiksi virtual atau Cyberspace.
Kesimpulan: Sejalan dengan itu, Hukum di Indonesia telah mengatur terkait kejahatan Revenge Porn seperti dalam Undang-Undang Pornografi dan juga UU ITE
Digital Learning Routes: An Example of Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Martínez Salomé , Guiñez Flavio , González Darío
Published: December 2023

An online activity provides instructional strategies that can help students engage in mathematical modeling and autonomous learning.
Beware of “Gaps” in Students’ Fraction Conceptions
Authors: Sullivan Patrick L. , Barnett Joann E. , Killion Kurt
Published: December 2023

Many students have a dominant part-whole conception of fractions. We examine why this is problematic and explore strategies to move students beyond this limitation.
Experiencing Joy
Authors: Jackson Christa
Published: December 2023

What brings you joy in the teaching and learning of mathematics?
Into the microscale: Low-input sequencing technologies and applications in medicine
Authors: Li Yao , Xu Fanqing , Qiao Jie , Yuan Peng
Published: December 2023

Sequencing technology has undergone major breakthroughs over time and has become indispensable in biological and medical research. Advances in protocols and analysis algorithms allow the analysis of small sample inputs, enabling the characterization of complex networks that govern biological processes in physiology and pathology, driving the development of precision medicine and targeted therapy. In this review, we comprehensively summarize low-input sequencing technologies that include methods for profiling the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, translatome, RNA modification, RNA-RNA interaction, RNA-protein interaction, and multi-omics. The key steps and innovations in different protocols are highlighted, and their advantages, limitations, and scope of application are described. With a focus on the impact of low-input sequencing technologies in biomedical fields, including embryonic development, prenatal and preimplantation genetic testing, oncology and immunology, and pandemic research, we discuss their potential to improve embryo implantation rates, prevent birth defects, develop prospective therapies, and predict prognosis. Lastly, we discuss current limitations and future prospects, providing new insights for medical research.
Therapeutic Potential of Topical Cannabis for the Treatment of Psoriasis: A Preliminary Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Formulations
Authors: Charoenying Thanvisith , Lomwong Kamolrak , Boonkrong Pichit , Kruanamkam Wantika
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of using cannabis-enriched topical cream containing of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), either alone (THC:CBD) or in combination with a polyherbal formulation for treating psoriasis. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of both formulations, a crossover, randomized, single-blinded study was conducted on 20 volunteers who were monitored for key indicators such as PASI score, PDI, DLQI, and blood profile. The present study involved two eight-week treatment periods with each formulation, separated by a two-week washout period. The results showed that the group using the cannabis cream comprising of THC:CBD alone experienced a significant reduction in PASI score after four weeks over the course of the 8-week study. Furthermore, the combination of THC:CBD and the polyherbal formulation was found to be more effective in reducing disease severity and improving patient quality of life. No significant adverse reactions were observed, and there was no difference in blood profile before and after treatment. These findings indicate that both topical formulations are safe and effective for treating psoriasis, with the combined formulation showing greater potential than using topical cannabis alone.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Meslek Seçiminin Profesyonel Davranışa Etkisi
Authors: Meşe Sevinç , Kara Söylemez Gönül
Published: December 2023

Çalışmada hemşirelik öğrencilerinin meslek seçimi ile profesyonel davranış arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel bir çalışma olan araştırmanın örneklemini, 349 hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Profesyonel Davranış Ölçeği, Hemşirelikte Meslek Seçimi Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirmesinde yüzde, standart sapma, ortalama, pearson korelasyon katsayısı ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Hemşirelikte Meslek Seçimi Ölçeği alt boyutları, cinsiyet ve sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin profesyonel davranışlarının %10 varyansını açıklamıştır. Hemşirelikte Meslek Seçimi Ölçeği mesleki uygunluk alt boyutu ile Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Profesyonel Davranış Ölçeği puanları arasında anlamlı ilişki var iken (p 0.05). Bu çalışma ile meslek seçimi ve profesyonel davranış arasında bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır.
Computational Flight Dynamics - Present Status and Directions for the Future
Authors: Ananthkrishnan N.
Published: December 2023

The origins of the field of computational flight dynamics can be traced back to the pioneering work by Carroll and Mehra in 1982 in which they introduced the use of bifurcation theory to the analysis of nonlinear aircraft dynamics. In this paper, we focus attention on the field of computational flight dynamics, which includes bifurcation methods, dynamic inversion algorithms, flight simulation, and optimization techniques in the context of aircraft design. We first point out some important developments and achievements in computational flight dynamics over the last several years. Following this, we suggest some areas of ongoing and future research, which may have a serious impact on the aircraft design and development cycle.
Rotor Dynamics of Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines
Authors: J.S. Rao
Published: December 2023

Ever since Sir Frank Whittle built the first jet engine for aircraft propulsion, rotor dynamics became the key issue in design and continues to be most vexing problem for the designers. The rotors are gradually replaced by drum construction and the bearing supports have become very flexible owing to thin engine casings mounted on the wings. The compressor and turbine rotors are no more coupled serially through couplings as in steam turbines but are mounted one over other as spools. Now, there are several critical speeds of multi spools excited by unbalances and misalignment. The disks mounted on the rotors carrying the blades have also become very flexible with several critical speeds excited by different per rev excitations from flow path and subjected to severe resonances during start up and shut down operations. Besides, these mounted parts have become globally elastic but locally plastic structures and their lifing has become an important design problem. This paper traces the developments taken place leading to optimum designs and life estimation of gas turbine rotating parts.
Every “reader” his or her “book”
Authors: Awuor Afline , Kwanya Tom
Published: December 2023

Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan, an Indian librarian, and mathematician developed the Five Laws of Librarianship in 1931. Principles drawn from these laws undergird the design and delivery of library services to date. The second law states that “every reader his or her book”. This implies that libraries should deliver services and resources which are customised for the specific needs of unique categories of their users. The degree to which academic libraries in Kenya offer appropriate services to persons with disabilities (PWDs), particularly in the post-COVID-19 era, is unknown. This paper evaluates the services offered to PWDs by academic libraries in Kenya using Tangaza University College Library as a case study. Specifically, the paper assesses the preparedness of academic libraries in Kenya to meet the information needs of PWDs, identifies the services and resources offered to PWDs by academic libraries in Kenya, evaluates the usability of the services, and proposes a framework for providing information services to PWDs in academic libraries in Kenya in the post-COVID 19 era. This paper was developed using concurrent triangulated mixed methods research through which quantitative and qualitative data was collected from 11 librarians and 9 PWDs using questionnaires and interviews respectively. Due to the small number of the target population, a census was used. The findings of the study reveal that academic libraries are least prepared to offer information services and materials to PWDs. Although commendable efforts are being made, there are gaps in the conceptualization, design, and delivery of the services. There is a need for a framework to mainstream the needs of the PWDs in the bouquet of services offered by academic libraries in Kenya. The findings contribute to the discourses on the emerging role of libraries in safeguarding the information and communication rights of PWDs in Kenya and abroad in the post-COVID era. A framework to enhance information services to PWDs by academic libraries in Kenya is proposed.
Rejuvenating Kenyan Academic Library Services in the post-COVID-19 era
Authors: Koech Rahab , Kimile Nancy
Published: December 2023

Academic libraries in Kenya have invested heavily in subscribing to electronic resources through the Kenya Library Information Services Consortium (KLISC), an attempt has been made to install relevant technological infrastructure and to some extent ensured the utilisation of digital services and resources to meet the needs of their clientele. However, the COVID-19 pandemic posed a special challenge to physical library services. Academic institutions were forced to close down to reduce the spread of the virus and fully provide their services online. This paper explores the interventions academic libraries applied to provide their services during COVID-19 era with a view of rejuvenating library services in the post-COVID-19 era in Kenya. A systematic literature review was used a methodology for the study. The review of online published articles on academic libraries operations and services provision amidst COVID-19 pandemic was conducted with a view to identifying global interventions to help rejuvenate academic library services in Kenya in post COVID-19 era. Findings of this study shows thatglobally, academic libraries adopted varied online strategies to provide services. Some of these include, document delivery via email, use of VPN to access online resources, mobile apps, web-based live chat, interactive social media platforms and online meeting applications such as google class, google meet, zoom, webinars. The finding provides key insights to varied media utilized in library operations and services.  Challenge that hindered optimum utilisation of the service include lack of adequate information technology infrastructure and devices, limited budgets, insufficient digital competences, and inadequate digital policies. This paper recommends development of library digital policies on use of digital resources, re-prioritize enhanced library budgets to increase e-services provision, build capacity of library staff and users and invest in appropriate IT infrastructure in order to reposition library services appropriately in the post COVID-19 era and beyond
PEMASARAN DIGITAL BERBASIS INFLUENCER, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MOTIVASI KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN DOMESTIK KE DESTINASI WISATA DI NUSA PENIDA
Authors: Menuh Ni Nyoman , Nia Kristyarini Ni Made
Published: December 2023

Influencer is one of the factor in the success of digital marketing through social media in Indonesia. It happens because of the high number of people who use social media and their tendency to be influenced by influencers. There is many managers who use this strategy to attract domestic tourists and Nusa Penida is one of the tourist destinations that are often uploaded by influencers. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of influencer-based digital marketing on the domestic touristmotivation to travel to the tourist destinations in Nusa Penida. The type of data is quantitative with primary data sources. Data is collected by filling out the questionnaires, then being analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis, includes validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, simple linear regression test, correlation test, coefficient of determination test and hypothesis test (t-test). The results indicatethere is a significant impact on the tourist motivation to travel to the tourist destinations in Nusa Penida after the existence of influencer-based digital marketing.
2-Layer Graph Drawings with Bounded Pathwidth
Authors: Wood David
Published: December 2023

This paper determines which properties of 2-layer drawings characterise bipartite graphs of bounded pathwidth.
« Contre la chance à l’Est* » : le dispositif pénal du territoire Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles
Authors: Gilbert Izara , Bourdages Jade
Published: December 2023

En se basant sur une recherche qui s’intéresse à l’expérience de la stigmatisation territoriale vécue par les jeunes de Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles dans le cadre du dispositif pénal, cet article souhaite illustrer les liens qui existent entre les particularités objectives et symboliques d’un territoire et leur incidence sur les individus. À partir d’entretiens réalisés auprès de 15 jeunes et intervenants qui habitent l’arrondissement, les données révèlent que les rapports sociaux du territoire sont fortement conditionnés par un imaginaire associé à la délinquance, et que les jeunes Noir·e·s sont spécifiquement ciblé·e·s par les discours et les interventions répressives indépendamment du fait qu’ils et elles soient judiciarisé·e·s ou non. Nous développons ainsi une lecture du dispositif pénal qui résulte des processus de stigmatisation et qui se reproduit à travers toutes les relations sociales quotidiennement et dont les logiques de relégation spatiale et de fermeture sociale modulent les trajectoires et les opportunités.
Docência universitária
Authors: Araújo Osmar Hélio Alves , Fortunato Ivan , De Medeiros Emerson Augusto
Published: December 2023

Neste escrito, de natureza ensaística, discutimos a ideia de uma docência universitária focada na formação humana pelo argumento da aula como aconchego, da qual surgem possibilidades para se estimular muitas formas de aprendizado a serviço da humanização, de si, do outro e das relações planetárias, relacionando-as a quatro indagações: (i.) Será que “aconchegar” é um verbo possível no contexto acadêmico? (ii.) Por que, então, não tornar as aulas mais aconchegantes? (iii.) Para quem e para quê construir aulas mais aconchegantes? (iv.) Como, então, promover aulas aconchegantes? Em linhas conclusivas, escrevemos sobre a coragem de se construir aulas aconchegantes, e sobre a necessária coragem infatigável de libertar-se, viver e amar (ou ao menos respeitar) as singularidades humanas irrepetíveis que compõem o universo da sala de aula.
Escala autoperceção da flexibilidade cognitiva (EFC): validação para o contexto brasileiro
Authors: Dias Gomes Samantha Ravena , De Oliveira Ana Raquel , Andrade Carvalho Thayro
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar a validação do instrumento Escala Autopercecção da Flexibilidade Cognitiva (EFC) em uma amostra de estudantes universitários brasileiros. O estudo foi constituído pelas seguintes etapas: tradução, retrotradução (tradução reversa – Backtranslation), revisão por comitê de especialistas, estudo-piloto e verificação dos parâmetros psicométricos por meio de dois estudos. Deste modo no Estudo 1 foi realizada Análise Fatorial Exploratória, com amostra de 200 participantes de instituição pública com idades entre 18 e 35 anos (M = 22,99; DP = 4,96) e no Estudo 2 Análise Confirmatória dos dados obtidos da amostra de 200 participantes de instituição privada com idades entre 18 a 35 anos (M = 20,84; DP = 5,66). A EFC apresentou estrutura adequada para uso no contexto brasileiro, com estrutura bifatorial (fator 1: dimensão estratégias funcionais e fator 2: dimensão percepção das situações) e índices gerais de consistência interna adequados (α = 0,80 e ω= 0,81). Os resultados evidenciaram satisfatórios índices de ajuste, confirmando a estrutura bifatorial [CFI = 0,90, TLI = 0,88, RMSEA = 0,06] com cargas fatoriais variando de 0,383 a 0,752 no fator 1 e de 0,372 a 0,533 no fator 2, para o total de 10 itens ao final das análises. Considera-se que os objetivos propostos foram alcançados, oferecendo uma medida com extensas evidências de validade, de rápida e fácil aplicação, fato que poderá viabilizar sua inserção em estudos futuros, contribuindo para avanços no conhecimento científico relacionado a instrumentos que avaliem a flexibilidade cognitiva.  Palavras-chave: Flexibilidade Cognitiva; Estudantes Universitários; Instrumento;
Modeling apical and basal tree contribution to orientation selectivity in a mouse primary visual cortex layer 2/3 pyramidal cell
Authors: Petousakis Konstantinos-Evangelos , Park Jiyoung , Papoutsi Athanasia , Smirnakis Stelios , Poirazi Panayiota
Published: December 2023

Pyramidal neurons, a mainstay of cortical regions, receive a plethora of inputs from various areas onto their morphologically distinct apical and basal trees. Both trees differentially contribute to the somatic response, defining distinct anatomical and possibly functional sub-units. To elucidate the contribution of each tree to the encoding of visual stimuli at the somatic level, we modeled the response pattern of a mouse L2/3 V1 pyramidal neuron to orientation tuned synaptic input. Towards this goal, we used a morphologically detailed computational model of a single cell that replicates electrophysiological and two-photon imaging data. Our simulations predict a synergistic effect of apical and basal trees on somatic action potential generation: basal tree activity, in the form of either depolarization or dendritic spiking, is necessary for producing somatic activity, despite the fact that most somatic spikes are heavily driven by apical dendritic spikes. This model provides evidence for synergistic computations taking place in the basal and apical trees of the L2/3 V1 neuron along with mechanistic explanations for tree-specific contributions and emphasizes the potential role of predictive and attentional feedback input in these cells.
Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants
Authors: Wu Bei , Shi Shangli , Zhang Huihui , Lu Baofu , Nan Pan , A Yun
Published: December 2023

Background

Autotoxicity is an intraspecific manifestation of allelopathy in plant species. The specialized metabolites and their derivatives that cause intraspecific allelopathic inhibition in the plant are known as autotoxic substances. Consequently, autotoxic substances production seriously affects the renewal and stability of ecological communities.

Methods

This article systematically summarizes the types of autotoxic substances present in different plants. They mainly include phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and nitrogenous organic compounds. Phenolic coumarins are the main autotoxic substances in many plants. Therefore, we also discuss differences in coumarin types and content among plant varieties, developmental stages, and tissue parts, as well as their mechanisms of autotoxicity. In addition, we review the metabolic pathways involved in coumarin biosynthesis, the key enzymes, genes, and transcription factors, as well as factors affecting coumarin biosynthesis.

Results

Coumarin biosynthesis involves three stages: (1) the formation of the coumarin nucleus; (2) acylation, hydroxylation, and cyclization; (3) structural modification. The key enzymes involved in the coumarin nuclear formation stage include PAL, C4H, 4CL, HCT, CAOMT, COSY, F6’H, and CCoAOMT1, and the key genes involved include BGA, CYP450 and MDR, among others. Ortho-hydroxylation is a key step in coumarin biosynthesis and PS, COSY and S8H are the key enzymes involved in this process. Finally, UGTs are responsible for the glycosylation modification of coumarins, and the MaUGT gene may therefore be involved in coumarin biosynthesis.

Conclusion

It is important to elucidate the autotoxicity and anabolic mechanisms of coumarins to create new germplasms that produce fewer autotoxic substances.
Isolated Sudden Bilateral Neurosensory Hearing Loss as a Presentation of Lyme Neuroborreliosis: A Case Study
Authors: Rochd Sara , Benhoummad Othmane , Salhi Salma , Lakhdar Youssef , Rochdi Youssef , Raji Abdelaziz , Oualhadj Hamza , Kamouni Youssef El , Zouhair Said
Published: December 2023

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is a rare but potentially serious manifestation of Lyme disease, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Although LNB can affect various neurological systems, neurosensory hearing loss as the sole presentation is uncommon. We report a case of a 23-year-old woman who presented with a 2-month history of temporal headache, tinnitus, and instability, which was followed by sudden bilateral hearing loss without any other associated symptoms. Pure-tone audiometry revealed profound bilateral hearing loss. Serological testing for various pathogens was negative, except for B. burgdorferi IgM, which was confirmed using Western blot analysis. The patient received doxycycline treatment; unfortunately, no recovery of hearing was observed. This case report highlights the importance of considering LNB as a potential cause of neurosensory hearing loss, particularly in areas where Lyme disease is endemic, as well as the need for timely diagnosis and treatment to prevent potential complications.
The Effect of Climate Change on Wheat Production: Present Patterns and Upcoming Difficulties
Authors: Gupta Ajeet Kumar , Agrawal Mohit , Yadav Abhinav , Yadav Harikant , Mishra Govind , Gupta Rishabh , Singh Abhay , Singh Jay , Singh Piyusha
Published: December 2023

Climate refers to the mean weather conditions in a certain region, impacting every aspect of the environment. Urbanisation and industrialization are causing woods to be cleared for living communities. The equilibrium of the ecosystem is upset by this shift, affecting producers, consumers, and decomposers. Plants, or producers, are an important component of the ecosystem because they supply energy. Plant sustainability and production are impacted by this change. A staple grain, wheat is greatly impacted by both temperature and CO2 levels. In addition to decreasing wheat productivity, it also increases wheat's susceptibility to many illnesses. Elevated temperatures result in increased transpiration, which in turn triggers drought, which in turn causes reduced production. According to predictions, in the next 20 to 30 years, a 2° C temperature shift might result in a serious water crisis. A scarcity of water during the grain filling and milking stages can impact production. This article covers the following topics: climate-related variables, effects on wheat production and growth, influence on disease severity, temperature increase prediction model, and CO2 curve in 2050.
Up the Nose and Down the Windpipe May Be the Path to New and Improved COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Rubin Rita
Published: December 2023

This Medical News story discusses experimental mucosal COVID-19 vaccines.
Wars in Gaza and Beyond
Authors: Gostin Lawrence O. , Goodwin Michele B.
Published: December 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the importance of safeguarding health access in times armed conflict worldwide and the need to bolster compliance with international humanitarian law.
Oral Acitretin Plus Topical Triamcinolone vs Topical Triamcinolone Monotherapy in Patients With Symptomatic Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Vinay Keshavamurthy , Kumar Sheetanshu , Dev Anubha , Cazzaniga Simone , Borradori Luca , Thakur Vishal , Dogra Sunil
Published: December 2023

Importance

Symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP) can be challenging to treat.

Objective

To compare the efficacy of oral acitretin plus topical triamcinolone acetonide (TAC), 0.1%, with TAC monotherapy in patients with symptomatic OLP.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This monocentric, investigator-initiated, placebo-controlled, investigator- and patient-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted from December 2018 to June 2020 at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, a tertiary referral center in Chandigarh, India. Sixty-four patients 18 years or older with symptomatic OLP were recruited by consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed from July to December 2020.

Intervention

The patients were randomized to receive either a combination of oral acitretin (25-35 mg/d) and TAC (treatment group) or TAC in combination with placebo (placebo group) for 28 weeks, with an additional 8 weeks of treatment-free follow-up after the end of treatment (36 weeks of total study duration).

Main Outcomes and Measures

The disease severity and treatment response were assessed using Oral Disease Severity Score (ODSS), Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14), and visual analog scale (VAS). The primary aim was to assess the number of patients achieving ODSS-75 (75% reduction in ODSS compared with baseline) in both groups at 28 weeks and at the end of 36 weeks.

Results

Among 64 patients, 31 in the treatment group and 30 in the placebo group completed the study (mean [SD] age, 50.6 [15.2] years vs 49.2 [14.4] years; male-female ratio, 13:19 vs 16:16). Baseline ODSS, visual analog scale, and Oral Health Impact Profile 14 scores were comparable in both groups. In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was a statistically significant higher number of patients achieving 75% or higher reduction in ODSS in the treatment group compared with the placebo group at the end of 28 weeks (28 [88%] vs 15 [47%], a 41 [95% CI, 20-61] percentage point difference between groups; P < .001; Cramér V = 0.47) and 36 weeks (27 [84%] vs 13 [41%], a 43 [95% CI, 23-67] percentage point difference between groups; P < .001; Cramér V = 0.47). Relapses during the posttreatment follow-up of 8 weeks were low among patients in both treatment and placebo groups (1 [3%] vs 2 [6%], a 3 [95% CI, −13 to 7] percentage point difference between groups; P > .99; Cramér V = 0.07).

Conclusion and Relevance

In this randomized clinical trial, the combination of oral acitretin and TAC was more effective than TAC monotherapy in patients with symptomatic OLP.

Trial Registration

Clinical Trial Registry of India Identifier: CTRI/2018/11/016448
Treatment of Severe Palmoplantar Pustular Psoriasis With Bimekizumab
Authors: Passeron Thierry , Perrot Jean-Luc , Jullien Denis , Goujon Catherine , Ruer Mireille , Boyé Thierry , Villani Axel P. , Quiles Tsimaratos Nathalie
Published: December 2023

Importance

Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) and palmoplantar plaque psoriasis with pustules remain challenging to treat. Studies suggest that an interleukin 17 or interleukin 36 loop acts synergistically in these diseases to induce palmoplantar pustules.

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of bimekizumab in treating PPP and palmoplantar plaque psoriasis with pustules.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This case series involved 21 adults with PPP (11 patients) or palmoplantar plaque psoriasis with pustules (10 patients) treated at 1 of 7 tertiary dermatological centers in France from September 2022 through June 2023. All patients treated with bimekizumab for at least 3 months were included in the analyses.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was the posttreatment Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), scored as 0 (complete clearance), 1 (almost clear), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), or 4 (severe). When relevant, evolution of joint pain and nail involvement was reported. Tolerance and potential adverse events were noted.

Results

A total of 21 patients (mean [range] age, 46 [24-68] years; 19 females) were included. Eleven patients had isolated PPP, and 10 had palmoplantar plaque psoriasis with pustules. All of them, except 2 who received bimekizumab as first systemic therapy, had not responded to at least 1 systemic treatment (median [range], 3 [1-7] treatments), and/or had adverse events leading to the discontinuation of the treatment. Complete clearance (IGA score, 0) was achieved by 17 patients in 1 to 4 months. Three patients achieved an IGA score of 1, and 1 achieved an IGA score of 2. Three patients with PPP also presented with acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau. Nail involvement showed 50% to 70% improvement after 4 to 6 months of bimekizumab treatment for these 3 patients. Two patients had SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome; both had complete clearance of skin lesions associated with joint pain improvement. Four patients (19%) with candidiasis were successfully treated with oral antifungal agents. None of the patients had to stop bimekizumab treatment due to adverse events.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this case series suggest that bimekizumab could be an appealing approach for treating PPP, palmoplantar plaque psoriasis with pustules, and SAPHO syndrome. Prospective randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm these encouraging initial results.
Liver Transplant as a Treatment of Primary and Secondary Liver Neoplasms
Authors: Gorji Leva , Brown Zachary J. , Limkemann Ashley , Schenk Austin D. , Pawlik Timothy M.
Published: December 2023

Importance

Liver malignancies are an increasing global health concern with a high mortality. We review outcomes following liver transplant for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies.

Observations

Transplant may be a suitable treatment option for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies in well-selected patient populations.

Conclusions and Relevance

Many patients with primary or secondary liver tumors are not eligible for liver resection because of advanced underlying liver disease or high tumor burden, precluding complete tumor clearance. Although liver transplant has been a long-standing treatment modality for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, recently transplant has been considered for patients with other malignant diagnoses. In particular, while well-established for hepatocellular carcinoma and select patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, transplant has been increasingly used to treat patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, as well as metastatic disease from colorectal liver and neuroendocrine primary tumors. Because of the limited availability of grafts and the number of patients on the waiting list, optimal selection criteria must be further defined. The ethics of organ allocation to individuals who may benefit from prolonged survival after transplant yet have a high incidence of recurrence, as well as the role of living donation, need to be further discerned in the setting of transplant oncology.