bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with corn (Zea mays L.) in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
 
Authors: Thiruchchelvan N. , Casonato S. , Mikunthan G. , Condron L.M. , Moukarzel R. , Kularathna M.
Published: October 2024

Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are important pests of corn (Zea mays L.) Globally, while corn production has recently expanded in Sri Lanka. The population abundance, distribution, and pathological effects of nematodes that adversely affect corn production in Sri Lanka are poorly understood. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of major PPN genera, population abundance, and their reproduction associated with corn fields in the Anuradhapura district. Over 92% of the corn fields were positive for PPN from the fields sampled in February 2021. Major PPN genera identified were Pratylenchus (71.4%) Helicotylenchus (28.6%), Meloidogyne (21.4%), Criconemella (21.4%), and Hoplolaimus (35.7%). The mean population of the Pratylenchus was 2020 kg-1 of soil, which was above the threshold level (1000 Pratylenchus kg-1 of soil), while other genera were lower than the threshold. All genera, except Meloidogyne, were observed from the intensive sampling from the selected fields during the next cropping season from November 2021 (seedling stage) to February 2022 (harvesting stage). Pratylenchus abundance in all the fields was lower than the threshold at the seedling stage and it was 2 to 10 times higher during the harvesting stage, except in Kelenikawewa where the initial Pratylenchus population (1865 kg-1 of soil) was also above the threshold. According to our results, Pratylenchus have the potential to impact corn yield in Anuradhapura. Future field experiments will determine the impact of PPN on corn production in Sri Lanka.
Skin-resident T Cells Contribute to the Dynamic Disease Manifestations of Psoriasis
Authors: Sortebech Daniel , Schoenfeldt Trine , Duvetorp Albert , Agerholm-Nielsen Rasmus , Eidsmo Liv
Published: October 2024

The human skin forms a dynamic barrier to physical injuries and microbial invasion. Constant interactions between stroma and tissue-confined immune cells maintain skin homeostasis. However, the cellular interactions that maintain skin health also contribute to focal immunopathology. Psoriasis is a common disease that manifests with focal pathology induced by environmental triggers in genetically susceptible individuals. Within psoriasis plaques, cross-talk between skin-resident T cells and stroma cells leads to chronic inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 amplify the local chronic inflammation and sustain the well-demarcated thick and scaly plaques that characterize the disease. In resolved lesions, T cells remain poised for IL-17 and IL-22 production, and postinflammatory epigenetic modifications lower the threshold for initiation of local relapse. This review focuses on how tissue-resident memory T cells contribute to the onset, maintenance, resolution, and relapse of psoriasis.
Lower limb acute onset muscle pain: what do we have to look for? A case of isolated rupture of the rectus femoris
Authors: Portaro Simona , Felice Calogero , Leonardi Giulia , Milardi Demetrio , Bruschetta Daniele , Leonetti Danilo , Scarcella Eliseo , Tisano Adriana , Alito Angelo
Published: October 2024

Acute muscle pain is muscle soreness that occurs during or within 24 hours of strenuous activity. Possible causes of acute muscle pain include localized muscle trauma, muscle tear, contusion with acute hemorrhage, or acute compartment syndrome. Isolated ruptures of the rectus femoris muscle are rare clinical conditions that result from excessive muscle strain following an abrupt contraction, incorrect movement, or sudden snap that exceeds the physiological limit of strain that the muscle can withstand. To date, there are few published reports evaluating the results of non-invasive treatment of such injuries. Herein, we report an unusual case of isolated distal rectus femoris tear in a 46-year-old female patient with no risk factors, who initially presented with extensor muscle weakness and pain and was treated conservatively with functional rest, physiotherapy, and cryotherapy.
Brainstem auditory evoked responses: Objective hearing threshold assessment in Holstein cows
Authors: Naudé Alida , Erasmus Lize-Mari , De Swardt Liesl , Bornman Juan , Van Marlé-Köster Este
Published: October 2024

Background: Animal audiology utilizes brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) as a non-invasive tool to assess hearing in animals, including Holstein dairy cows. Understanding cows’ auditory capabilities is critical for their welfare, especially given their exposure to farm noise.Objectives: This study provides preliminary normative BAER data for Holstein cows by focusing on absolute and interpeak wave latencies. The objective is to assess the impact of farm noise and expand audiologists’ practice scope.Method: Ten Holstein cows were tested using monoaural broadband click stimuli with contralateral masking. Earphones with foam ear tips were used to minimize environmental noise interference. The BAER responses were recorded via subdermal needle electrodes placed at standardized locations on the cows’ heads. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics to determine auditory thresholds and wave latencies.Results: The cows exhibited auditory thresholds at 90 dB SPL (55 dB nHL). Detailed wave and interpeak latencies were recorded at intensities from 85 to 105 dB SPL. At 90 dB SPL, the average latency for wave V was 5.17 ms, marking the auditory threshold for Holstein cows.Conclusion: These findings provide key insights into the auditory sensitivity of Holstein cows, highlighting BAER’s potential for monitoring auditory health and evaluating the effects of noise pollution on animal welfare. This research underscores the value of integrating animal audiology into the audiologist’s scope, ultimately enhancing both animal welfare and farming sustainability.Contribution: This study adds to the limited literature on farm animal auditory health and suggests strategies to improve welfare through better auditory management.
Re-evaluating the scoring criteria of the Interacoustics Sera Neonatal Hearing Screener
Authors: Zimatore Giovanna , Skarzynski Piotr Henryk , Di Berardino Federica , Gasbarre Anna Maria , Filipponi Eliana , Araimo Gabriella , Hatzopoulos Stavros
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Newborn hearing screeners via otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) have become the standard in audiological clinical practice. Despite the application of OAE protocols for more than 3 decades, there has been no consensus on the standardization of the recorded responses. Usually, manufacturers based the scoring criteria of the OAE responses on small scale samples and in many cases on data published in the literature. Since there are no standards in the OAE probe construction, the resulted OAE responses are quite different between OAE screeners. The project evaluated the scoring criteria used in the Interacoustics Sera OAE screener.

Methods:

Eight hundred and eleven infants were initially screened by the Accuscreen OAE screener for a Pass or a Fail outcome. Seven hundred and ninety-two infants resulted as Pass were re-evaluated with the Sera transient-evoked OAE (TEOAE) and distortion-product OAE (DPOAE) protocols.

Results:

In terms of screening efficiency, the DPOAE protocol performed better, showing results very similar to the Accuscreen performance (Fail %: 2.4 vs. 2.3). The data showed that the recordings of the TEOAE responses were more prone to noise corruption. Using 10th percentile normative distribution values, DPOAE-optimized scoring criteria were estimated as 3.1, 7.9, 9.9, and 8.9 dB for the tested frequencies of 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 kHz. Unfortunately, the TEOAE signal-to-noise (S/N) data resulted as too noisy (despite relatively large TEOAE responses); therefore, the TEOAE responses were considered as scoring criteria candidates. The latter were estimated as 4.61, 6.35, 7, 1 and 3, 35 dB at 1.4, 2.0, 2.8, 4.0 kHz.

Conclusion:

It is possible to improve the screening efficiency of the DPOAE Sera protocol using optimized scoring criteria, aiming the correct identification of at least 90% of all normal hearing subjects. The Sera TEOAE protocol needs further investigation to identify the source of the noise, which lowers significantly the reported S/N ratios. The collected OAE data confirm that there are differences among the responses obtained by various screeners; therefore, an OAE probe standardization is necessary.
Colours of India: Uniting Endocrinologists in Fitness and Friendship
Authors: Nagendra Lakshmi , Bhattacharya Saptarshi , Kapoor Nitin , Shaikh Shehla , Das Sambit , Mondal Sunetra , Khare Jaideep , Kota Sunil , Mittal Sachin , Mittal Rajneesh , Sukumar Suja , Selvan Chitra , Shenoy Mohan , Shah Shalin , Gadve Sharvil , Verma Rajesh , Sharma Balram , Dutta Deep , Mamidala Venkata RM , Shaikh Altamash , Narayanan Prem , Jindal Sushil , Ramakrishnan Santosh , Kalra Sanjay
Published: October 2024

Colours of India is an annual cultural phenomenon that transcends the boundaries of professional conferences, uniting endocrinologists through the universal language of music and dance. Since its inception in 2016, this vibrant event has brought together teams from across India and other participating countries, showcasing diverse dance forms while fostering friendships, promoting wellness, and celebrating cultural diversity within the medical community.
Oral Hygiene Practice of Geriatric Patients Attending Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Dental Hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Lakshmi S. Shree , Warrier Aravind Sankara , Manigandan T. , Natarajan Shanmuganathan , Gousalya V. , Konki Akshitha
Published: October 2024

Background:

Increasing disease burden will elevate public health expenditures having an impact on the economy. Literatures confirm a low utilization rate of dental services and a high oral health disease burden among elders which is regarded as a heterogeneous population in India. There is long term existence of high prevalence of oral diseases. Oral health educational intervention is the most cost effective method as it has a positive impact on the oral hygiene status to prevent oral diseases. Successful oral health educational interventions need planning which requires information regarding oral hygiene practices of the population so that appropriate information education and communication content with mention about the pros and cons of the aids which are professionally recommended and those commonly used respectively could be developed to enhance oral health promotion.

Aim and Objectives:

The aim of the study was to learn the oral hygiene practices among geriatric dental patients in Chennai.

Materials and Methods:

An interview was conducted for 250 consented patients aged ≥60 years selected on a convenient sampling technique.

Results:

The results were analyzed using frequencies from the coded data.

Conclusion:

Majority of the geriatric dental patients were found to be practicing insufficient oral hygiene with aids which are usually not professionally recommended. The reported dental problems of the elders could be attributed to inadequate and improper oral hygiene practices which necessitate transition in the oral health attitude as the need of the hour strategy through urgent comprehensive oral care educational interventions.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Mothers toward Infant Oral Care Living in Rural Areas of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sushmitha Kadali , Uloopi K. S. , Chandrappa Vinay , Chaitanya Penmatsa , Spandana Cheeli , Ahalya Penmetsa
Published: October 2024

Context:

Early childhood caries is the most frequent chronic illness in young children which affects their overall well-being. It is crucial to educate mothers regarding infant oral care since the young children are dependent on their mothers for their basic needs.

Aim:

This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of mothers toward infant oral care living in rural areas.

Settings and Design:

The study was an observational study.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 630 mothers of infants aged 0–2 years living in rural areas of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, were included in the study using multistage sampling. A validated 25-item questionnaire was used to assess the KAPs of mothers regarding infant oral care. After collecting the filed questionnaires, participants were educated on infant oral health. A scoring scale was given for the responses of each question to assess the total scores of each participant.

Statistical Analysis Used:

This was descriptive statistical analysis.

Results:

The mean age of the mothers was 25.06 ± 3.7 years. Among the studied population, about 51.4% of the participants had poor knowledge about infant oral hygiene, 74.1% of the participants had positive attitude toward infant oral care, and 58.5% of the participants had satisfactory levels of infant oral hygiene practices.

Conclusion:

The majority of the infants’ mothers had poor knowledge about infant oral care and followed unsatisfactory infant oral hygiene practices. However, they exhibited a positive attitude toward infant oral care.
Effect of Enamel Surface Coating on Staining Capability Due to Iron-Containing Supplements on Primary Teeth: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Nasha Divya , Aijazuddin Amreen , Srija Kodali , Dave Mrunal , Majumder Prasanta , Makwani Disha , Joshi Poonam , Acharya Sonu
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The staining of primary teeth due to iron-containing supplements is a common concern among parents and healthcare providers.

Materials and Methods:

Forty extracted primary teeth were divided into two groups of 20 each. Group A served as the control and received no enamel coating, while Group B was treated with a commercially available enamel surface coating. Both groups were then exposed to iron-containing supplements for 7 days. The teeth were assessed for color changes using a spectrophotometer before and after exposure. The degree of staining was quantified using the CIELAB color space values, specifically the ΔE* value, which indicates the change in color.

Results:

The mean ΔE* value in Group A (control) was 12.5 ± 1.8, indicating significant staining. In contrast, Group B (coated) showed a mean ΔE* value of 4.2 ± 1.1, reflecting minimal staining. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001), demonstrating the effectiveness of the enamel surface coating in reducing staining caused by iron supplements.

Conclusion:

Enamel surface coatings significantly reduce the staining effect of iron-containing supplements on primary teeth.
Efficacy of Endodontic Cryotherapy in Alleviating Post-Treatment Pain after Single-Visit RCT: A Randomized Study
Authors: Ingale Prasad Chandrakant , Sethi Simran , Babu Sukruti Suresh , Rathod Khushi , Sharma Rahul , Khan Shanu
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aims to assess whether endodontic cryotherapy can effectively lower discomfort after a single root canal visit.

Material and Method:

Thirty-six patients aged 18–32 years requiring single-visit root canal treatment (RCT) were divided into three groups at random, with twelve people in each: group 1 (control group), group 2 (normal saline), and group 3 (cold saline). After root canal therapy was finished, group 1 got no further treatment, group 2 got standard saline irrigation at room temperature, and group 3 got cold saline irrigation at 35.6–41°F. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure pain after 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after therapy.

Result:

Preliminary results indicated a marked reduction in pain in group 3 relative to groups 1 and 2 at 6, 12, and 24 hours post-treatment (P < 0.05). At 48 hours, pain levels had significantly diminished across all groups, with group 3 consistently exhibiting the lowest VAS scores.

Conclusion:

Endodontic cryotherapy using cold saline irrigation shows significant efficacy in reducing post-treatment pain after single-visit RCT when compared to normal saline and no additional intervention. These findings suggest that integrating cryotherapy could be a valuable adjunct in endodontic pain management.
Unraveling the Relationship between Oral Habits and Anxiety: A Narrative Review
Authors: Jathanna Ramya V. , Bangera Ritesh , Naik Mithun K. , Jathanna Vinod R. , Adhikari Sharanya , Vats Shivangi
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

This narrative review aims to elucidate the bidirectional relationship between oral habits and anxiety, examining potential underlying mechanisms, psychological factors, and clinical implications. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, to identify relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals. Studies investigating the relationship between oral habits (e.g., bruxism, nail biting) and anxiety disorders, as well as associated psychological factors, were included. Oral habits and anxiety exhibit a bidirectional relationship, with individuals engaging in oral habits as coping mechanisms to alleviate anxiety and stress, while anxiety can act as a precipitating factor for the development or exacerbation of oral habits. Common underlying mechanisms include dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, alterations in neurotransmitter systems, and psychosocial factors. Psychological factors, such as cognitive-behavioral factors, emotional regulation, and attentional biases, further influence the manifestation and maintenance of both oral habits and anxiety. Understanding the complex interplay between oral habits and anxiety is crucial for holistic approaches to healthcare. Integrated assessment and management strategies are needed to address both conditions effectively, with emphasis on behavioral interventions, pharmacological approaches, and multidisciplinary collaboration between dental and mental health professionals. By recognizing and addressing the bidirectional nature of this relationship, healthcare providers can optimize patient care and improve overall well-being.
Katz type $p$-adic $L$-functions for primes $p$ non-split in the $\mathrm{CM}$ field
Authors: Andreatta Fabrizio , Iovita Adrian
Published: October 2024

For every triple

F

,

K

,

p

where

F

is a classical elliptic eigenform,

K

is a quadratic imaginary field and

p

is an odd prime integer which is not split in

K

, we attach

p

-adic

L

-function which interpolates the algebraic parts of the special values of the complex

L

-functions of

F

twisted by algebraic Hecke characters of

K

such that the

p

-part of their conductor is

p^{n}

, with

n

large enough (for

p\geq 5

it suffices

n\ge 2

). This construction extends a classical construction of N. Katz for

F

an Eisenstein series, and of Bertolini–Darmon–Prasanna for

F

a cuspform when

p

is split in

K

. Moreover, we prove a Kronecker limit formula, respectively,

p

-adic Gross–Zagier formulae, for our newly defined

p

-adic

L

-functions.
Fabrication of low‐loss symmetrical rib waveguides based on x‐cut lithium niobate on insulator for integrated quantum photonics
Authors: Kim Hong‐Seok , Kim Guhwan , Slusar Tetiana , Kim Jinwoo , Park Jiho , Park Jaegyu , Hwang Hyeon , Noh Woojin , Lee Hansuek , Seo Min‐Kyo , Moon Kiwon , Ju Jung Jin
Published: October 2024

Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising material platform for applications in integrated quantum photonics. A low optical loss is crucial for preserving fragile quantum states. Therefore, in this study, we have fabricated LNOI rib waveguides with a low optical propagation loss of 0.16 dB/cm by optimizing the etching conditions for various parameters. The symmetry and smoothness of the waveguides on
‐cut LNOI are improved by employing a shallow etching process. The proposed method is expected to facilitate the development of on‐chip quantum photonic devices based on LNOI.
Use of Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test for Detection of COVID-19 Cases in University Settings in Cameroon
Authors: Monamele Chavely Gwladys , Messanga Landry , Njintang Yanou Nicolas , Simo Gustave , Eboumbou Moukoko Carole Else , Moumbeket Henri , Modyinyi Abdou Fatawou , Mohamadou Ripa , Foupouapouognigni Yacouba , Abdou Armand , Akoachere Jane-Francis Tatah Kihla , Dani Pallavi , Hoppe Anne , Njouom Richard
Published: October 2024

Robust testing strategies are an essential aspect of COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and response. In 2022, most regions of Cameroon were still below the WHO’s recommended level of 10 COVID-19 tests per 10,000 population. This study aimed to detect SARS-CoV-2 cases in university settings in Cameroon using antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) to increase national testing capacity and assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of this population regarding COVID-19 infection. Six universities in Buea, Douala, Dschang, Maroua, Ngaoundere, and Yaounde participated in this study from June to October 2022. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from participants and tested for COVID-19 using Ag-RDTs. For all positive cases, high-risk contacts were also tested by Ag-RDT. Participants were administered a structured questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19. A total of 7,006 participants were recruited, and 54 (0.8%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Among close contacts, three of 62 (4.8%) tested positive. The University of Maroua was the only site to consistently report satisfactory testing capacity, achieving the study target of 30 tests/10,000 in 94.1% of cases. Participants’ knowledge of COVID-19 was moderate to good (≥50%). However, 28% were unsure about the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine. Two main factors were identified that could facilitate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in university settings, namely the lack of restrictions on entering campus without a mask (36%) and the non-respect of social distancing on campus (42.7%). The results of this study will guide future policies to better control diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential by targeting educational institutions.
Design, Modeling and Analysis of Roll Cage for SAE BAJA Vehicle
Authors: L Ravi Kumar , Sanjay P Chiranjeev , T J Pravin Chander , Moses J Jebish , D Parthesun , G Sureshmani
Published: October 2024

This paper studies design parameters, selection of materials and structural analysis for an All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) BAJA roll cage at the event site in any possible situation. SolidWorks 2022 was used for creating the prototype of the roll cage and then both static structural as well as dynamic crash analysis for the roll cage was done using Altair HyperWorks 2023 for various collisions like front, rear, side, rollover, torsional, front bump, rear bump, front roll over, side roll over and rear roll over. In addition to their corresponding deformation, Von Mises stresses were observed and a safety factor was calculated for these load cases which was found to be in the range of 1.5 to 3. Without reducing the roll cage’s strength, the roll cage designed for a four-wheel drive configuration is developed with driver comfort and safety in mind. Finding the optimal safety factor is the core objective of the analysis, as it ensures in any situation, the ATV’s roll cage will stay secure.
Automotive Security Solution Using Hardware Security Module (HSM)
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Gholve Ashish , Kotalwar Kedar
Published: October 2024

In today’s world, Vehicles are no longer mechanically dominated, with increased complexity, features and autonomous driving capabilities, vehicles are getting connected to internal and external environment e.g., V2I(Vehicle-to-Infrastructure), V2V(Vehicle-to-Vehicle), V2C(Vehicle-to-Cloud) and V2X(Vehicle-to-Everything). This has pushed classical automotive system in background and vehicle components are now increasingly dominated by software’s. Now more focus is made on to increase self-decision-making capabilities of automobile and providing more advance, safe and secure solutions e.g., Autonomous driving, E-mobility, and software driven vehicles, due to which vehicle digitization and lots of sensors inside and outside the vehicle are being used, and automobile are becoming intelligent. i.e., intelligent vehicles with advance safe and secure features but all these advancements come with significant threat of cybersecurity risk. Therefore, providing an automobile that is safe and secure through cyber-attack is also got equal importance.

In this paper, we will discuss some of the challenges and key application of cybersecurity in the automotive sector. We will also discuss some possible approaches to address these challenges and enhance the security and privacy of automotive systems. Certain Automotive cybersecurity applications include Secure ECU communication, Digital signature generation and verification, Secure V2X, In-vehicle infotainment (IVI) security, Secure key management and storage, Secure remote vehicle access and control, and Secure over-the-air (OTA) updates. The main challenges for all these applications are to maintain confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of the data, which can be maintained using cryptographic algorithms and key management realized in Hardware Security Module (HSM). The HSM is a specialized Hardware component designed and integrated as a part of advanced microcontroller unit (MCU) architecture, dedicated to implement cryptographic security tasks. HSM provide various solutions for secure boot/authenticated boot, secure communication, secure key storage, certificate management, standard encryption / decryption algorithms, which strengthen the mode of algorithm and implements very robust Secured ECU communication.
Novel Approach to Optimize the Ride Handling Performance by Reducing Vehicle Development Time and Cost
Authors: Ganesh Lingadalu
Published: October 2024

The automobile industry strives to develop high-quality vehicles quickly that fulfill the buyer’s needs and stand out within the competition. Full utilization of simulation and Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) tools can empower quick assessment of different vehicle concepts and setups without building physical models.

This research focuses on optimizing vehicle ride and handling performance by utilizing a tuning specifications range. Traditional approaches to refining these aspects involve extensive physical testing, which consumes both time and resources. In contrast, our study introduces a novel methodology leveraging virtual Subjective Rating through driving simulators. This approach aims to significantly reduce tuning time and costs, consequently streamlining overall development expenditures.

The core objective is to enhance vehicle ride and handling dynamics, ensuring a superior driving experience for end-users. By meticulously defining and implementing tuning specifications, we aim to fine-tune various parameters affecting performance, including suspension settings and overall vehicle dynamics.

In this study, we optimized tuning specifications using advanced software such as Adams/Car and ModeFrontier. Design of experiments and optimizations were conducted in modeFRONTIER. Utilizing a Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach, we selected the best performance iteration for ride and handling from the optimized results.

A primary advantage of our proposed methodology is the utilization of driving simulators for optimized results, extracted from the Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. After finalizing the agreement between the driving simulator and CAE results, we implemented them in the physical vehicle. By employing advanced driving simulators to simulate real-world driving conditions and collect subjective feedback on vehicle performance, we can expedite the tuning process and reduce the need for physical prototypes, leading to substantial cost savings.
Isparta İlinde Faaliyet Gösteren Firmaların İhracat Sorunlarına İlişkin Bir Araştırma
Authors: Kodaloğlu Ali İhsan , Yiğit Mehmet
Published: October 2024

İhracat, gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomilerinin önemli bir itici gücüdür ve Türkiye’nin de temel ekonomik büyüme politikalarından birini teşkil etmektedir. Türkiye’de yerel işletmeler ise ülke ekonomisinde önemli bir rol oynamakta, istihdama önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Isparta’daki yerel işletmelerin dış ticarette karşılaştıkları sorunları belirlemek ve çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Amaç doğrultusunda, nicel analiz yöntemlerinden betimsel analiz yaklaşımı benimsenmiş ve dış ticaret firmalarında çalışan kişilerden anket aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Isparta’da dış ticaret yapan firmalardan 185 tanesine anketler ulaştırılmış 148 tanesinden dönüş alınmıştır. Bu 148 anketten sağlıklı veri elde edilebilen 133 tanesi değerlendirmeye dahil edilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlara göre Isparta’da dış ticaret yapan firmaların karşılaştıkları sorunlardan öne çıkanları döviz kuru dalgalanmaları, dış pazarlardaki fiyat istikrarsızlıkları, yüksek enflasyon, ulusal ekonomideki belirsizlikler ve lojistik sorunlardır.
Influence of Information Culture on Records Management: A Review of Contemporary Literature
Authors: Samson Thomas Peter
Published: October 2024

This study conducts a systematic literature review spanning from 1993 to 2024 to examine the pivotal role of information culture in shaping records management practices within organizations. Utilizing databases such as ScienceDirect and Emerald Insight, the researcher selected and analyzed 35 peer-reviewed articles to identify key themes, trends and gaps in the literature. The findings highlight that organizations fostering strong information cultures experience enhanced operational efficiency and decision-making through effective records management strategies, integrating technological advancements where appropriate. Global challenges persist, necessitating comprehensive strategies including improved training and modern systems. The study concludes with recommendations to cultivate robust information cultures, integrate technology judiciously, and promote continuous improvement in records management practices to meet evolving organizational needs and global standards.
Media as a Behavioral Change Agent amid Girl’s Educational Issues in Rwanda’s Eastern Province
Authors: Gatsinzi Patrick , Samuel Francis Paul , Gude Korso
Published: October 2024

This study sought to establish the role of media as a behavioral change agent amid girl’s educational issues in Rwanda’s eastern province, using the descriptive correlational design. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations. The study took place in five sectors/ local administrative entities of Gatsibo District in Rwanda’s Eastern Province. The researchers chose the province because it is the region with the highest prevalence of girls’ education issues. The affected girls in the district were 1,542 while the non-affected girls were 77,428, identified through statistical data from the Gatsibo District department of education, department of gender monitoring and from the Sector authorities. The affected group was included because they were the victims of the teenage pregnancy and other forms of violence. The non-affected were also included because they are vulnerable to girls’ education issue. Data collection involved the use of a questionnaire. Based on the findings, the study concluded that media has some potentials to educate girls on reproductive health and raise awareness of the importance to end violence against girls. The study contributes to the understanding of how to address girls’ educational issues through media for sustainable education. Therefore, policy makers should design tailored behavioral change messages targeting peers, parents, educators and the community at large to promote social environment behaviors that support girls’ education. Media can particularly address such issues like parenting skills, reproductive health education and girls’ rights to education.
Strategies for Guessing Meaning of English Words among Secondary Schools in Gasabo District, Rwanda
Authors: Niyonzima Constant , Ujwiga Anguru Patrick , Paul Ngoboka Jean
Published: October 2024

This study focused on morphological strategies that may alleviate the students’ learning of new English words in Gasabo, Rwanda. The study used the descriptive research design. A systematic sampling technique determined three representative schools to participate. The total population in the three schools was 126 students and three teachers from language combinations. The sample of 56 students and three teachers participated through questionnaire and an interview guide. Data analysis took place through descriptive statistics and the thematic approach. Based on the findings, the study concluded that morphology is a vital tool for guessing the meaning of unknown words in English. Therefore, the awareness of morphology is necessary to improve learners’ attention when they predict the meaning of an unknown word. The study recommends that secondary school teachers need to encourage their learners to grasp the meaning of unknown words by identifying their morphemes and context. Teachers of English language should avoid defective educational practices, like teacher-centered activities that attract memorization instead of linguistic skills development strategies. Therefore, this study remains an eye-opening contribution to the linguistic development of teachers.
Navigating the Path to inclusive Education in Primary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania: A Descriptive-Correlational Study on Key Implementation Factors
Authors: Elisha Mbuti Elias , B. Allida Vencie , Amimo Catherine
Published: October 2024

This study navigated the path to inclusive education in primary schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania. The study used the descriptive correlational design. Out of the population of 14,881 stakeholders, the study had the sample size was 1,163 subject including 370 mainstream pupils, 278 mainstream teachers, 346 special needs learners and 169 special needs teachers. Sources of data were a questionnaire, an interview schedule, an observation schedule and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis involved the thematic approach, descriptive statistics and regression analysis. While the running of inclusive education requires supporting tools and infrastructure, the schools did not have sufficient infrastructure and science and technology facilities to support the inclusive learning atmosphere. While primary schools had suitable classrooms, toilets, and playing grounds, the lighting, ventilation, and sound system were limited in quality. Based on the conclusions, the established shortcomings in infrastructure and technological equipment call for the school budget to include special education requirements. Finally, there is a need for schools to propagate appropriate cultural norms that cherish the value of humanity for both teachers and learners to respect special needs learners, providing necessary support for special needs learners to study comfortably without any discrimination.
The Realities of Implementing First Language (L1) for Instruction in Lower Primary Schools in Ghana
Authors: Kesewaa Nkrumah Ivy , Yemisi Erinosho Stella
Published: October 2024

In May 2002, Ghana approved the use of English as the language of instruction (LOI) in lower primary schools. In 2012 however, a new policy was declared on using the Ghanaian language, the first language (L1) of learners as LOI. This raised some controversies among stakeholders. Currently, although teachers are required to implement the new policy, there appears to be an apparent lack of literature on what really pertains in the lower primary classrooms. This study provides preliminary findings from a larger study funded by the Jacobs Foundation. The study used a concurrent mixed methods design. In the qualitative phase, 48 participants were interviewed, and their lessons were observed using interview and observation guides. In the quantitative phase, 448 respondents completed a questionnaire. Key findings indicate that while teachers recognise the benefits of using L1 to enhance engagement and comprehension, they often adopt a blended approach that combines both English and L1. Major challenges in implementing the L1 policy include community-parental resistance, unavailability of teaching and learning resources, policy-examination mismatches and issues with teacher postings. Subsequently, participants advocated for a blended LOI approach because of its added merit to help learners understand concepts more easily in their native languages while developing crucial skills in English, and further ease the transition of L1 at the lower primary to English at later years. It is recommended that policymakers should promptly investigate the potential benefits of adopting a blended approach to modify existing policies that mandates the use of L1.
Factors Influencing Teachers’ Turnover from Government Secondary Schools in Makete District, Tanzania
Authors: Hosea Sanga Esta , Mwahombela Lucas , S. Msigallah Fredy
Published: October 2024

This study investigated about factors influencing teachers’ turnover from government secondary schools in Makete District, Tanzania. The study employed the descriptive design. The design was chosen because it is the best for fact finding studies. While the number of schools in Makete district was 120, only five schools were selected through simple random sampling. The target sample included 16 participants: five heads of schools, 10 teachers and one District Education Officer. The study used interviews as source of data. The researchers used a smart phone to record participants’ responses during interview sessions and then, the responses were transcribed verbatim. The study analyzed the data according to themes. The study concludes that there are various factors that cause teachers’ turnover from Secondary schools in Makete District. Such reasons include low salary, lack of teachers’ houses, misunderstanding at work place, heavy workload, lack of support from school administration and delayed promotion. In order to curb these, challenges, the government needs to recruit more teachers to meet the requirement of teachers in government secondary schools, especially in rural areas. There is a need to build teachers’ houses in order to accommodate them in quality houses. Finally, the government needs to provide special allowances for teachers working in remote areas like Makete.
SHORT COMMUNICATION Impact of Climate Change on Land use/Land cover of Chakwal District
Authors: Ali Safi Mirza Wajid , Siddiqui Saima , Rehman Naveed-ur-
Published: October 2024

SHORT COMMUNICATION
Impact of Climate Change on Land use/Land cover of Chakwal District
Purification of Crude Glycerol Recovered From Fish Processing Waste Biodiesel Process
Authors: Iqba1 Aqsa , Ali Mehmood , Sultana Razia , Towheed Khizer , Naeem Muhammad Umair , Ali Karim Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Biodiesel and crude glycerol are byproducts of the esterification and transesterification reactions that occur between triglyceride molecules and alcohol in the presence of acid and base catalysts. Purification of crude glycerol is necessary to increase the economic sustainability of the biodiesel industry. This study was carried out for pre-treatment of crude glycerol sourced from fish processing waste during biodiesel manufacturing, treated through an acidification process using phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and then using further purification treatment with Jatropha curcas bio-adsorbent. Based on the measurement, the quantity of 0.1% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution was required to treat the crude glycerin. The reaction conditions include heating solution to 60°C and stirring it at 40 rpm for varying treatment periods such as 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. The crude glycerol's pH was adjusted to begin the acidification process, and soap was then converted into fatty acids and salts using phosphoric acid. The maximum purified glycerol yield of 76.6% by weight was obtained with treatment time of 15min using vacuum distillation at 120°C. The crude and purified glycerol’s density was measured as 1.013 g/mL and 1.001 g/mL, respectively. However, after bio-adsorbent treatment at temperature of 50°C and 10% loading weight of the Jatropha curcas bio-adsorbent, the best impurity elimination was accomplished in 15 min. The research findings demonstrated that, following acidification and bio-adsorbent treatments, the FFA% decreased from 2.82% to 2.24%, while its density increased from 1.002 g/mL to 1.032 g/mL, respectively. The purified glycerol properties were found in accordance with BS 2621-1979 standard, showing that the acidification method for purifying of crude glycerol, in conjunction with bio-adsorbent treatment is efficient in enhancing the glycerol purity. It also improves glycerol's application in generating high-value products that enhance revenue streams for the biodiesel production.
NAJVEĆE BLAGO SVAKOG NARODA SU NJEGOVA DECA. MEĐUNARODNO UMREŽAVANJE SAVEZA PIONIRA JUGOSLAVIJE KAO DELA SAVEZA ORGANIZACIJA ZA VASPITANJE I BRIGU O DECI JUGOSLAVIJE
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Serbia, Petrović Todosijević Sanja
Published: October 2024

The work represents an attempt to point out the role that the Yugoslav pioneer organization had in the sphere of international cooperation and promotion of the official policy of education and upbringing of socialist Yugoslavia. The paper will show that the Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia, as part of the Union of Organizations for the Education and Care of the Children of Yugoslavia through the United Nations Agency for Education, Science and Culture (UNESCO), played an important role in the process of networking Yugoslav children’s organizations with numerous international children’s organizations in the field of “standardization” of childhood practices in post-war Europe. A new phase in the implementation of the policy of education and upbringing, which lasted until the end of socialist Yugoslavia, began with the adoption of the General Law on Education in 1958. In the period that followed, the policy of education had to be “taken out” of schools and “brought” to the streets, new residential areas, and public spaces, becoming an important “point” in the process of creating the patriotic consciousness and identity of the youngest citizens of socialist Yugoslavia. The Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia, as part of the Federal Organization for the Education and Care of the Children of Yugoslavia, had one of the most prominent roles in the process of connecting the youngest Yugoslavs with the official state ideology and policy. This function of the Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia was particularly evident in the process of “identification” of young people with the foreign policy of socialist Yugoslavia, which went through several different phases from the end of the Second World War to the breakup of Yugoslavia. Thanks to the Federal Organization for the Education and Care of the Children of Yugoslavia, which from the beginning of the 1950s represented an umbrella organization for all types of children’s organizations, including the Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia, the youngest Yugoslavs had the opportunity to visit international camps and summer and winter schools and meet children from all over the world. On the other hand, socialist Yugoslavia also hosted the same or similar events. This type of activity was a source of support for many initiatives of international solidarity, which was seen as one of the important segments of the official foreign and education policies.
TELEVIZACIJA SELA: NOVA TEHNOLOGIJA I SOCIO-KULTURNI UTICAJI U SOCIJALISTIČKOJ JUGOSLAVIJI
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Serbia, Erdei Ildiko
Published: October 2024

In the first decades of its existence in socialist Yugoslavia, television was functioning both as a symbol of Western modernity and as an instrument of socio-cultural modernization. Of particular importance was the role the rapidly spreading media played in the “socialist transformation” of the countryside and remote villages, which is here referred to as the “televisation of the countryside”. In this chapter “televisation” is used to interpret the complexities of domestication of the new media technology (with clear socio-cultural implications) in the post-war socialist Yugoslavia, the process that was most intensive during 1960ies and 1970ies. The “double transfer” of the new media technology is recognized: its trajectory from capitalist West to socialist East, and from the urban centers (which were also the centers of political control and ideological power) to remote villages (usually understood as remnants of the past). The agency of television as an institution and of its journalists in the process of (socialist) transformation of the countryside is singled out.
LED CEPELIN, DEDA ĐURA, PANKERI I ZLATNI PAPAGAJ: POTKULTURE U JUGOSLAVIJI U RALJAMA AUTENTIČNOSTI
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Political Sciences, Serbia, Simić Marina , Ničić Miloš ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Political Sciences, Serbia
Published: October 2024

In this paper we deal with the ways in which a social phenomenon such as a subculture automatically took on local meanings and significance for the dominant culture of socialist Yugoslavia as a result of top-down cultural transfer between Great Britain and Yugoslavia. In doing so, we focus on the public (self)perception of the punk subculture in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In this sense, specific was not only the perception of Yugoslav punk (although it also reflected the usual responses to punk in Britain), but also its “incomprehensibility” and “subversiveness”. The paper concludes that the emergence and development of punk subculture is a significant example of cultural transfer in the Europe-Yugoslavia relationship, but also an indicator of how the ways in which transcultural transposition of symbolic forms of expression necessarily implies rejections and additions to the (often imagined) original.