bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network pharmacology and molecular docking elucidate potential mechanisms of Eucommia ulmoides in hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Ma Xuan , Pan Bochen , Wang Liusong , Feng Zanjie , Peng Cijun
Published: November 2023

Eucommia ulmoides (EU) and its diverse extracts have demonstrated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties against hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI). However, the primary constituents of EU and their putative mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to explore the potential mechanisms of EU in the prevention and treatment of HIRI by employing network pharmacology and molecular docking methodologies. The main components and corresponding protein targets of EU were searched in the literature and TCMSP, and the compound target network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.9.1. Liver ischemia–reperfusion injury targets were searched in OMIM and GeneCards databases. The intersection points of compound targets and disease targets were obtained, and the overlapping targets were imported into the STRING database to construct the PPI network. We further analyzed the targets for GO and KEGG enrichment. Finally, molecular docking studies were performed on the core targets and active compounds. The component-target network unveiled a total of 26 efficacious bioactive compounds corresponding to 207 target proteins. Notably, the top-ranking compounds based on degree centrality were quercetin, β-sitosterol, and gallic acid. Within the PPI network, the highest degree centrality encompassed RELA, AKT1, TP53. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis elucidated that EU in HIRI primarily engaged in positive regulation of gene expression, positive transcriptional regulation via RNA polymerase II promoter, negative modulation of apoptotic processes, positive regulation of transcription from DNA templates, and drug responsiveness, among other biological processes. Key pathways included cancer pathways, RAGE signaling pathway, lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and apoptotic pathways. Molecular docking analysis revealed robust affinities between quercetin, β-sitosterol, gallic acid, and RELA, AKT1, TP53, respectively. This study reveals EU exhibits substantial potential in mitigating and treating HIRI through multifaceted targeting and involvement in intricate signaling pathways.
Establishment and engineering application of viscoelastic-plastic constitutive laws for creep modeling in interbedded rock masses
Authors: Hu Taotao , He Shaojun , Kang Zhibin , Tu Peng , Wang Dong
Published: November 2023

In order to study the creep behavior of the surrounding rock of the interbedded rock mass tunnel considering the time-dependent deformation, this paper proposes a viscoelastic-plastic seven-element model considering the stress threshold, and derives and establishes its creep equation under three-dimensional stress state. At the same time, the UMAT (User-defined Material) subroutine of the model is developed based on the ABAQUS software. The rationality of the seven-element model and the effectiveness of the subprogram are verified by rheological test results. Finally, the UMAT subroutine is applied to the numerical simulation of the creep behavior of soft and hard interbedded rock tunnels with different rock inclinations (α). The results show that the different rock inclination angles have different effects on the horizontal displacement of the ground above the tunnel, settlement deformation, and the convergence of the tunnel section. With the increase of the rock inclination (0 ≤ α ≤ 90°), the horizontal displacement of the surface on both sides is antisymmetric. When α is 0°, 45° and 90°, the horizontal displacement on both sides is equivalent. Surface subsidence decreases and then increases slowly. When α is 0° and 45°, the surface subsidence is the largest (12.4 mm) and the smallest (11.1 mm), respectively. The convergence values of the tunnel section change according to different parts of the tunnel. The convergence values of the arch top and arch bottom decrease continuously, and their maximum convergence values are 23.4 mm and 17.3 mm, respectively. The change trend of the arch waist and arch shoulder convergence values is the opposite. When α is 0°, the convergence value of the arch waist is maximum (3.5 mm). When α is 15°, the convergence value of the arch shoulder is the maximum (2.0 mm).
Salting out, non-ideality and synergism enhance surfactant efficiency in atmospheric aerosols
Authors: El Haber Manuella , Ferronato Corinne , Giroir-Fendler Anne , Fine Ludovic , Nozière Barbara
Published: November 2023

In Earth’s atmosphere, the surface tension of sub-micron aerosol particles is suspected to affect their efficiency in becoming cloud droplets. But this quantity cannot be measured directly and is inferred from the chemical compounds present in aerosols. Amphiphilic surfactants have been evidenced in aerosols but experimental information on the surface properties of their mixtures with other aerosol components is lacking. This work explores experimentally the surface properties of aqueous mixtures of amphiphilic surfactants (SDS, Brij35, TritonX100, TritonX114, and CTAC) with inorganic salts (NaCl, (NH4)2SO4) and soluble organic acids (oxalic and glutaric acid) using pendant droplet tensiometry. Contrary to what could be expected, inorganic salts and organic acids systematically enhanced the efficiency of the surfactants rather than reduced it, by further lowering the surface tension and, in some cases, the CMC. Furthermore, all the mixtures studied were strongly non-ideal, some even displaying some synergism, thus demonstrating that the common assumption of ideality for aerosol mixtures is not valid. The molecular interactions between the mixture components were either in the bulk (salting out), in the mixed surface monolayer (synergy on the surface tension) or in the micelles (synergy on the CMC) and need to be included when describing such aerosol mixtures.
An inferior competitor is a successful invader due to its stress tolerance and productivity
Authors: Tesfay Yohannes B. , Blaschke Annika , Kreyling Juergen
Published: November 2023

The invasion of ecosystems by non-native species is recognized as one of the most significant global challenges, particularly in semiarid regions where native biodiversity is already under stress from drought and land degradation. The implicit assumption is that invaders are strong competitors, but a greenhouse pairwise experiment conducted to examine intraspecific and interspecific competition effects of Opuntia ficus-indica, a widespread invader in semiarid ecosystems, with two species native to the highlands of Eritrea, Ricinus communis and Solanum marginatum, revealed that O. ficus-indica is a weak competitor. The unique ability of O. ficus-indica’s fallen cladodes to undergo vegetative growth becomes a fundamental trait contributing to its spread. This growth strategy allows O. ficus-indica to outgrow native species and establish a significant presence. In direct interaction, the competition in aboveground productivity measured by the logarithmic response ratio for O. ficus-indica was 3.4-fold and 5.9-fold higher than for R. communis and S. marginatum, respectively. Belowground, the native R. communis was facilitated (− 1.00 ± 0.69) by O. ficus-indica which itself suffered from high competition. This pattern became even more evident under water shortage, where aboveground competition for S. marginatum decreased 5.7-fold, and for O. ficus-indica, it increased 1.4-fold. Despite being a poor competitor, O. ficus-indica outperformed R. communis and S. marginatum in both aboveground (4.3 and 3.8 times more) and belowground (27 and 2.8 times more) biomass production, respectively. The findings of this study challenge the common interpretation that invasive species are strong competitors and highlight the importance of considering other factors, such as productivity and tolerance limits when assessing the potential impacts of invasive species on semiarid ecosystems.
Combined application of microbial inoculant and kelp-soaking wastewater promotes wheat seedlings growth and improves structural diversity of rhizosphere microbial community
Authors: Song Xin , Zheng Rui , Liu Yue , Liu Zhaoyang , Yu Jian , Li Jintai , Zhang Pengcheng , Gao Qixiong , Li Huying , Li Chaohui , Liu Xunli
Published: November 2023

Industrial processing of kelp generates large amounts of kelp-soaking wastewater (KSW), which contains a large amount of nutrient-containing substances. The plant growth-promoting effect might be further improved by combined application of growth-promoting bacteria and the nutrient-containing KSW. Here, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the mixture of KSW and Bacillus methylotrophicus M4-1 (MS) vs. KSW alone (SE) on wheat seedlings, soil properties and the microbial community structure in wheat rhizosphere soil. The available potassium, available nitrogen, organic matter content and urease activity of MS soil as well as the available potassium of the SE soil were significantly different (p < 0.05) from those of the CK with water only added, increased by 39.51%, 36.25%, 41.61%, 80.56% and 32.99%, respectively. The dry and fresh weight of wheat seedlings from MS plants increased by 166.17% and 50.62%, respectively, while plant height increased by 16.99%, compared with CK. Moreover, the abundance and diversity of fungi in the wheat rhizosphere soil were significantly increased (p < 0.05), the relative abundance of Ascomycetes and Fusarium spp. decreased, while the relative abundance of Bacillus and Mortierella increased. Collectively, the combination of KSW and the plant growth-promoting strain M4-1 can promote wheat seedlings growth and improve the microecology of rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby solving the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution, ultimately turning waste into economic gain.
Genome wide analysis revealed conserved domains involved in the effector discrimination of bacterial type VI secretion system
Authors: Wang Caihong , Chen Mingxing , Shao Yuhan , Jiang Mengyuan , Li Quanjie , Chen Lihong , Wu Yun , Cen Shan , Waterfield Nicholas R. , Yang Jian , Yang Guowei
Published: November 2023

Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) deliver effectors into target cells. Besides structural and effector proteins, many other proteins, such as adaptors, co-effectors and accessory proteins, are involved in this process. MIX domains can assist in the delivery of T6SS effectors when encoded as a stand-alone gene or fused at the N-terminal of the effector. However, whether there are other conserved domains exhibiting similar encoding forms to MIX in T6SS remains obscure. Here, we scanned publicly available bacterial genomes and established a database which include 130,825 T6SS vgrG loci from 45,041 bacterial genomes. Based on this database, we revealed six domain families encoded within vgrG loci, which are either fused at the C-terminus of VgrG/N-terminus of T6SS toxin or encoded by an independent gene. Among them, DUF2345 was further validated and shown to be indispensable for the T6SS effector delivery and LysM was confirmed to assist the interaction between VgrG and the corresponding effector. Together, our results implied that these widely distributed domain families with similar genetic configurations may be required for the T6SS effector recruitment process.
p53 and p21 dynamics encode single-cell DNA damage levels, fine-tuning proliferation and shaping population heterogeneity
Authors: Gutu Nica , Binish Neha , Keilholz Ulrich , Herzel Hanspeter , Granada Adrián E.
Published: November 2023

Cells must accurately and quickly detect DNA damage through a set of checkpoint mechanisms that enable repair and control proliferation. Heterogeneous levels of cellular stress and noisy signaling processes can lead to phenotypic variability but little is known about their role in underlying proliferation heterogeneity. Here we study two previously published single cell datasets and find that cells encode heterogeneous levels of endogenous and exogenous DNA damage to shape proliferation heterogeneity at the population level. Using a comprehensive time series analysis of short- and long-term signaling dynamics of p53 and p21, we show that DNA damage levels are quantitatively translated into p53 and p21 signal parameters in a gradual manner. Analyzing instantaneous proliferation and signaling differences among equally-radiated cells, we identify time-localized changes in the period of p53 pulses that drive cells out of a low proliferative state. Our findings suggest a novel role of the p53-p21 network in quantitatively encoding DNA damage strength and fine-tuning proliferation trajectories.
Diurnal cycles drive rhythmic physiology and promote survival in facultative phototrophic bacteria
Authors: Tinguely Camille , Paulméry Mélanie , Terrettaz Céline , Gonzalez Diego
Published: November 2023

Bacteria have evolved many strategies to spare energy when nutrients become scarce. One widespread such strategy is facultative phototrophy, which helps heterotrophs supplement their energy supply using light. Our knowledge of the impact that such behaviors have on bacterial fitness and physiology is, however, still limited. Here, we study how a representative of the genus Porphyrobacter, in which aerobic anoxygenic phototrophy is ancestral, responds to different light regimes under nutrient limitation. We show that bacterial survival in stationary phase relies on functional reaction centers and varies depending on the light regime. Under dark-light alternance, our bacterial model presents a diphasic life history dependent on phototrophy: during dark phases, the cells inhibit DNA replication and part of the population lyses and releases nutrients, while subsequent light phases allow for the recovery and renewed growth of the surviving cells. We correlate these cyclic variations with a pervasive pattern of rhythmic transcription which reflects global changes in diurnal metabolic activity. Finally, we demonstrate that, compared to either a phototrophy mutant or a bacteriochlorophyll a overproducer, the wild type strain is better adapted to natural environments, where regular dark-light cycles are interspersed with additional accidental dark episodes. Overall, our results highlight the importance of light-induced biological rhythms in a new model of aerobic anoxygenic phototroph representative of an ecologically important group of environmental bacteria.
Total and different dietary fiber subtypes and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Mirrafiei Amin , Jayedi Ahmad , Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Published: November 2023

We aimed to conduct a comprehensive review of the association between dietary fiber and the risk of mortality.
The construction of dual-emissive ratiometric fluorescent probes based on fluorescent nanoparticles for the detection of metal ions and small molecules
Authors: Li Yaxin , Lu Hongzhi , Xu Shoufang
Published: November 2023

Fluorescent nanoparticle (FNP)-based dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent probes (DRFP) are summarized as hybrid FNPs, single FNPs with intrinsic dual emission and target-induced new emission, and DRFPs based on auxiliary nanomaterials.
Dendrimersomes: Biomedical applications
Authors: Klajnert-Maculewicz Barbara , Janaszewska Anna , Majecka Agata
Published: November 2023

Dendrimersomes are self-assembling vesicles composed of a membrane made up of Janus dendrimers. Their unique structure makes them promising nanosystems in medical applications, such as drug delivery and nucleic acid transport.
Visible-light-enabled cascade cross-dehydrogenative-coupling/cyclization to construct α-chromone substituted α-amino acid derivatives
Authors: Zhu Zhi-Qiang , Hu Jia-Yu , Xie Zong-Bo , Le Zhang-Gao
Published: November 2023

Photocatalytic cascade cross-dehydrogenative-coupling/cyclization reaction of o-hydroxyarylenaminones with N-arylglycine derivatives for the construction of α-chromone substituted α-amino acid derivatives was developed.
Catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of coumarins to unsaturated ketones catalyzed by a chiral-at-metal Rh(iii) complex
Authors: Chen Xiangjie , Zhao Yujie , Huang Cheng , Zhao Zhifei , Zhao Weiwei , Li Shi-Wu
Published: November 2023

Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Coumarins to Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by a Chiral-at-Metal Rh(III) Complex
Insight into polymorphism in weakly polar systems using favorable connection motifs
Authors: Liu Yumin , Gong Junbo , Yan Dongpeng , Wang Jingkang
Published: November 2023

A simple geometric method on the basis of interatomic distance to visualize and count favourable connections between non-hydrogen atoms was constructed to judge the strength of intermolecular interactions in polymorphs of a weakly polar molecule, dibenzoylmethane.
Predicting nearest neighbor free energies of modified RNA with LIE: results for pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine within RNA duplexes
Authors: Dutta Nivedita , Sarzynska Joanna , Deb Indrajit , Lahiri Ansuman
Published: November 2023

In this study, we propose a protocol for deriving nearest neighbor (NN) free energy parameters for pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine from MD simulations using the linear interaction energy (LIE) approach.
Relativistic coupled-cluster calculations of RaOH pertinent to spectroscopic detection and laser cooling
Authors: Zhang Chaoqun , Yu Phelan , Conn Chandler J. , Hutzler Nicholas R. , Cheng Lan
Published: November 2023

A relativistic coupled-cluster study of RaOH pertinent to its spectroscopic detection and laser cooling is reported.
Ni(OH)2 surface-modified hierarchical ZnIn2S4 nanosheets: dual photocatalytic application and mechanistic insights
Authors: Kang Wanqiong , Guo Fen , Mao Lei , Liu Yi , Han Chuang , Yuan Lan
Published: November 2023

The double-charge-receptor role of Ni(OH)2 deposited over ZnIn2S4 towards efficient bi-functional furfuryl alcohol oxidation coupled with H2 production in pure water under anaerobic conditions is revealed.
Conformational preferences of modified nucleobases in RNA aptamers and their effect on Förster resonant energy transfer
Authors: Fischermeier David , Steinmetzger Christian , Höbartner Claudia , Mitrić Roland
Published: November 2023

Simulations of the orientation (κ) between chromophoric transition dipoles to describe the exciton transfer in mutated RNA aptamers.
Non-equilibrium magnetic properties of a mixed spin (1/2, 1) Ising graphene nanoisland
Authors: Deviren Bayram , Akkaya Deviren Seyma , Yagmuroglu Tevfik Fikret
Published: November 2023

Non-equilibrium magnetic and thermomagnetic behaviors of a graphene nanoisland with ferrimagnetic mixed spin (1/2, 1) configuration under an oscillating magnetic field are investigated the mean field theory based on Glauber-type stochastic dynamics.
The formation energy, phase transition, and negative thermal expansion of Fe2−xScxW3O12
Authors: Zeng Gaojie , Wang Chunyan , Yuan Huanli , Zhen Xi , Gao Qilong , Guo Juan , Chao Mingju , Liu Xiansheng , Liang Erjun
Published: November 2023

Sc substitution can lower the formation energy and phase transition of Fe2W3O12. Lower formation energy can make the solid solution easier to synthesize.
Transitional structure of {0001} twin in a deformed p-type (Bi,Sb)2Te3 alloy: a direct experimental basis for understanding the twinning mechanism
Authors: Ren Jie , Guo Wenbin , Han Fuzhou , Wang Qichen , Cao Yi , Li Songbin , Li Geping , Ali Muhammad , Hu Jianan , Yuan Fusen , Zhang Yingdong
Published: November 2023

Transformation from matrix to (0001) twin can be realized by following path: matrix → transitional twin → (0001) twin, and this was completed by the gliding of a total of four partial dislocations (b1 = 1/3) extended in the different (0001) planes.
Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy of the s-trans-3-propenalyl (CH2CHĊO) and 3-propenolyl (ĊH2CHCO) radicals
Authors: Liu Yi-Ting , Chang Ching-Hua , Nakajima Masakazu , Endo Yasuki
Published: November 2023

Two conformers of an open-shell radical, CH2CHCO, are observed by Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy, where the bent s-trans form was found to be the lowest energy conformer.
Hollow spherical Ni/ZrO2 as a superior catalyst for syngas production from photothermal synergistic dry reforming of methane
Authors: Li Tengfei , Cheng Jiahui , Li Dan , Patel Bilal , Xu Donghai , Guo Yang
Published: November 2023

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is appealing for syngas production yet challenging due to its high reactive energy barrier and catalyst deactivation.
Deep sulfur doping induces the rapid electrochemical self-reconstruction of Ni–Fe hydroxide to drive water oxidation
Authors: Li Xiaoge , Zhao Jun , Zhou Jinhua , Wang Qinchao , Han Jie
Published: November 2023

Low crystallinity and deep sulfur doping effectively facilitate the rapid and favorable electrochemical reconstruction of Ni–Fe hydroxides toward an enhanced OER catalysis.
Avoiding solid carbon deposition in plasma-based dry reforming of methane
Authors: Biondo Omar , van Deursen Cas F. A. M. , Hughes Ashley , van de Steeg Alex , Bongers Waldo , van de Sanden M. C. M. , van Rooij Gerard , Bogaerts Annemie
Published: November 2023

Our work demonstrates that solid carbon-free conversion of green-house gases into value-added compounds is possible by changing the gas flow configuration in a microwave plasma, making significant strides in green chemistry.
Dual-functional thermal management textiles for dynamic temperature regulation based on ultra-stretchable spiral conductive composite yarn with 500%-strain thermal stability and durability
Authors: Chen Wei , Wei Xiaoxiao , Liu Wei , Xu Fujun
Published: November 2023

We propose a temperature visualization and dynamic temperature management sandwich-structure textile based on an ultra-stretchable spiral conductive composite yarn, which maintains flexibility, breathability, stretchability and excellent performance stability.
Conductive single-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized using a Fe–Mo/MgO catalyst for LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Guo Ziting , Xiao Qingmei , Huang Jinchao , Zhong Shengwen
Published: November 2023

Single-walled carbon nanotubes were developed by chemical vapor deposition as conductive additives suitable for cathode materials, and it was found that their addition led to a significant increase in the conductivity of the active material.
Interaction of phytate with cyclic polyamines
Authors: Torres Julia , Veiga Nicolás , Savastano Matteo , Kremer Carlos , Bianchi Antonio
Published: November 2023

Potentiometric and computational studies demonstrated the strong interaction based on electrostatic attraction and modulated by H-bond contact formation and dimensional fit. Cyclization leads to a marked selectivity of phytate towards hexamine.
Activating black phosphorene's inert basal plane via nonprecious metal–nonmetal co-doping for visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Luo Luteng , Cui Weiting , Xue Hang , Ke Sunzai , Yang Xuhui , Yang Min-Quan , Qian Qingrong
Published: November 2023

Conducting three screening steps has led to the identification of nonprecious metal–nonmetal co-doped black phosphorene that is suitable for photocatalytic H2 evolution via water splitting.
Hybridization between plasmonic and photonic modes in laser-induced self-organized quasi-random plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Le Van Doan , Lefkir Yaya , Destouches Nathalie
Published: November 2023

Self-organized plasmonic metasurfaces induced by laser processing can exhibit hybridized plasmonic and photonic modes.
Tuning ferroelectric photovoltaic performance in R3c-CuNbO3 through compressive strain engineering: a first-principles study
Authors: He Zu-Da , Li Wen-Ce , Yang Jin-Long , Xu Hua-Kai , Xu Xiang-Fu , Lai Guo-Xia , Che You-Da , Zhu Wei-Ling , Yang Xiao-Dong , Chen Xing-Yuan
Published: November 2023

First-principles calculations reveal that CuNbO3 with an R3c structure under compressive strain exhibits enhanced visible light absorption and maintains robust ferroelectric behavior.
Synthesis of P-stereogenic 1-phosphanorbornane-derived phosphine–phosphite ligands and application in asymmetric catalysis
Authors: Ramazanova Kyzgaldak , Chakrabortty Soumyadeep , Müller Bernd H. , Lönnecke Peter , de Vries Johannes G. , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: November 2023

A convenient synthesis of enantiopure mixed donor phosphine–phosphite ligands has been developed incorporating P-stereogenic phosphanorbornane and axially chiral bisnaphthols into one ligand structure.
Green and sustainable bifunctional carbonized wood electrodes decorated with controlled nickel/α(β)-nickel(ii) hydroxide to boost overall water splitting
Authors: Yang Jun Yong , Ahn Jae Gyu , Ko Boemjin , Park Taeyoung , Hong Soon-Jik , Han Do Kyoung , Lee Dongju , Li Cheng Ai , Song Sung Ho
Published: November 2023

For highly efficient bifunctional electrodes, flower-shaped Ni/α-Ni(OH)2 particles and nanosheet-shaped Ni/α&β-Ni(OH)2 arrays are in situ grown on 3D carbonized wood to accelerate mass transfer and release generated bubbles during overall water splitting.
Computational methods for processing and interpreting mass spectrometry-based metabolomics
Authors: Perez de Souza Leonardo , Fernie Alisdair R.
Published: November 2023

Metabolomics has emerged as an indispensable tool for exploring complex biological questions, providing the ability to investigate a substantial portion of the metabolome. However, the vast complexity and structural diversity intrinsic to metabolites imposes a great challenge for data analysis and interpretation. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) stands out as a versatile technique offering extensive metabolite coverage. In this mini-review, we address some of the hurdles posed by the complex nature of LC-MS data, providing a brief overview of computational tools designed to help tackling these challenges. Our focus centers on two major steps that are essential to most metabolomics investigations: the translation of raw data into quantifiable features, and the extraction of structural insights from mass spectra to facilitate metabolite identification. By exploring current computational solutions, we aim at providing a critical overview of the capabilities and constraints of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, while introduce some of the most recent trends in data processing and analysis within the field.
A W‐band long‐slot array antenna with two‐dimensional beam‐scanning capability
Authors: Ma Tianye , Xu Kai‐Da , Deng Ye , Zhang Jinping , Sun Hongbin
Published: November 2023

A low‐cost W‐band leaky‐wave antenna with two‐dimensional scanning capability is presented. By using the low‐loss transversal long‐slot array structure with a single‐layer parabolic reflector, the antenna realizes a passband from 85 to 102.8 GHz with Voltage Standing Wave Ratio <2. This antenna has a backward radiation direction, which changes with frequency in one dimension, and with the feeding wave front direction in the other dimension. The maximum sidelobe is measured to be −14.2 dB, 5 dB lower compared to the previous‐published longitudinal long‐slot array. A low‐cost, low‐loss, low‐profile design is provided for W‐band 2‐D beam scanning, with backward scanning capability, which is easy to fabricate and could be used for high‐solution sensing and point‐to‐point communications.
Allocation method of coupled PV‐energy storage‐charging station in hybrid AC/DC distribution networks balanced with economics and resilience
Authors: Ma Ziyao , Zhang Lu , Cai Yongxiang , Tang Wei , Long Chao
Published: November 2023

The hybrid AC/DC distribution network has become a research hotspot because of the wide access to multiple sources and loads. Meanwhile, extreme disasters in the planning period cause huge losses to the hybrid AC/DC distribution networks. A coupled PV‐energy storage‐charging station (PV‐ES‐CS) is an efficient use form of local DC energy sources that can provide significant power restoration during recovery periods. However, over investment will happen if too many PV‐ES‐CSs are installed. Therefore, it is important to determine the optimal numbers and locations of PV‐ES‐CS in hybrid AC/DC distribution networks balanced with economics and resilience. Firstly, the advantages of PV‐ES‐CS in normal operation and extreme disasters are analysed and the payment function is quantified accurately. Secondly, a bi‐level optimal allocation model of PV‐ES‐CS in hybrid AC/DC distribution networks is established. In this model, the payment function using Nash equilibrium to balance economics and resilience is addressed at the upper‐level, and the typical scenarios are simulated, and the optimal results are obtained using the genetic algorithm in lower level. Finally, a series of examples are analysed, which demonstrate the necessity of balancing economics and resilience, and advantages of DC lines in network restoration after disasters.
The perspective of voids on rising cosmology tensions
Authors: Contarini S. , Pisani A. , Hamaus N. , Marulli F. , Moscardini L. , Baldi M.
Published: November 2023

We investigate the main tensions within the current standard model of cosmology from the perspective of the main statistics of cosmic voids, using the final BOSS DR12 data set. For this purpose, we present the first estimate of the S8 ≡ σ8 Ωm/0.3 and H0 parameters obtained from void number counts and shape distortions. To analyze void counts we relied on an extension of the popular volume-conserving model for the void size function, tailored to the application on data, including geometric and dynamic distortions. We calibrated the two nuisance parameters of this model with the official BOSS Collaboration mock catalogs and propagated their uncertainty through the statistical analysis of the BOSS void number counts. The constraints from void shapes come from the study of the geometric distortions of the stacked void-galaxy cross-correlation function. In this work we focus our analysis on the Ωm − σ8 and Ωm − H0 parameter planes and derive the marginalized constraints S8 = 0.813−0.068+0.093 and H0 = 67.3−9.1+10.0 km s−1 Mpc−1, which are fully compatible with constraints from the literature. These results are expected to notably improve in precision when analyzed jointly with independent probes and will open a new viewing angle on the rising cosmological tensions in the near future.
Formation of wide-orbit giant planets in protoplanetary disks with a decreasing pebble flux
Authors: Gurrutxaga Nerea , Johansen Anders , Lambrechts Michiel , Appelgren Johan
Published: November 2023

The presence of distant protoplanets may explain the observed gaps in the dust emission of protoplanetary disks. Here, we derive a novel analytical model to describe the temporal decay of the pebble flux through a protoplanetary disk as the result of radial drift. This has allowed us to investigate the growth and migration of distant protoplanets throughout the lifespan of the disk. We find that Moon-mass protoplanets that formed early on can grow to their pebble isolation mass, between approximately 20 and 80 M⊕, within less than 1 Myr, in the 20–80 AU region around solar-like stars. The subsequent fast migration in the early stages of gas accretion, after pebble accretion ends, transports these giant planets into their final orbits at <10 AU. However, our pebble decay model allows us to include a new pathway that may trigger the transition from pebble accretion to gas accretion after the pebble flux has decayed substantially. With this pebble decay pathway, we show that it is also possible to form gas giants beyond 10 AU. The occurrence of these wide-orbit gas giants should be relatively low, since their core must attain sufficient mass to accrete gas before the pebble flux decays, while avoiding excessive migration. Since these gas giants do not reach the pebble isolation mass, their heavy element content is typically less than 10M⊕. Our results imply that the observed gaps in protoplanetary disks could be caused by distant protoplanets that reached the pebble isolation mass and then migrated, while gas giants in wide orbits, such as PDS 70 b and c, accreted their gas after the decay in the pebble flux.
Repeated game behavior between bidder and regulatory agency of construction engineering with intertemporal choice
Authors: Zhang Qian , Jin Lianghai , Chen Ying , Jiang Guilian
Published: November 2023

The traditional theory of bidder and regulatory agency of construction engineering does not take into account the repeated periodicity of the game between the regulator and regulated party, so that the mathematical point of game equilibrium deviates from actual behavioral expression. According to the intertemporal nature of bidder and regulatory agency, this paper analyzed the payoff matrix of the subject of bidder and regulatory agency, constructed the repeated game behavior model of bidder and regulatory agency, and explored the game conditions of the behavioral expression (steady state and unsteady state) between the two game parties of construction engineering. The results shows that: (1) The administrative triggers are adopted in the normalized regulation, which could make both parties between bidder and regulatory agency reach Pareto Optimality; (2) The intertemporal choice behavior of the bidder is related to the economic punishments, extraneous benefits and legitimate benefits. The increase of economic punishments and legitimate benefits could reduce the illegal behaviors; (3) The larger the discounted function, the easier it is for the bidder to choose long-term legal behavior. Our work indicated that the key to establishing a long-term market mechanism between bidder and regulatory agency is to increase the future impact on the present, and construct the administrative trigger measures of infinitely repeated game.
Verbs of perception and evidentiality in English/French translation
Authors: Henkel Daniel
Published: November 2023

Differences between verbs of perception in English and French have often been a subject of theoretical conjecture,
but seldom studied empirically. Four such verbs (En. hear, see, Fr. entendre,
voir) were thus inventoried in a 13.5m-word bidirectional English/French translation corpus. A statistically
significant difference between translators and authors was found for hear and entendre.
Correlations between source and target texts were statistically significant for all verbs. Quantitative analysis of random samples
revealed five regular alternatives to word-for-word translation. Qualitative data support the hypothesis that verbs of perception may
follow different “evidential strategies” in English and French. An approach combining quantitative and qualitative analysis to
identify translators closest to target language norms offers a new model for researchers and translators.
High-fidelity Rydberg controlled-Z gates with optimized pulses
Authors: Chang T H , Wang T N , Jen H H , Chen Y-C
Published: November 2023

High-fidelity controlled-Z (CZ
) gates are essential and mandatory to build a large-scale quantum computer. In neutral atoms, the strong dipole–dipole interactions between their Rydberg states make them one of the pioneering platforms to implement CZ
gates. Here we numerically investigate the optimized pulses to generate a high-fidelity Rydberg C

Z
gate in a three-level ladder-type atomic system. By tuning the temporal shapes of Gaussian or segmented pulses, the populations on the intermediate excited states are shown to be suppressed within the symmetric gate operation protocol, which leads to a C

Z
gate with a high Bell fidelity up to

99.92
%

. These optimized pulses are robust to thermal fluctuations and the excitation field variations. Our results promise a high-fidelity and fast gate operation under amenable and controllable experimental parameters, which goes beyond the adiabatic operation regime under a finite blockade strength.
Oscillation of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction driven by weak electric fields
Authors: Chen 陈 Runze 润泽 , Cao 曹 Anni 安妮 , Wang 王 Xinran 馨苒 , Liu 柳 Yang 洋 , Yang 杨 Hongxin 洪新 , Zhao 赵 Weisheng 巍胜
Published: November 2023

Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) is under extensive investigation considering its crucial status in chiral magnetic orders, such as Néel-type domain wall (DW) and skyrmions. It has been reported that the interfacial DMI originating from Rashba spin–orbit coupling (SOC) can be linearly tuned with strong external electric fields. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that the strength of DMI exhibits rapid fluctuations, ranging from 10% to 30% of its original value, as a function of applied electric fields in Pt/Co/MgO heterostructures within the small field regime (< 10−2 V/nm). Brillouin light scattering (BLS) experiments have been performed to measure DMI, and first-principles calculations show agreement with this observation, which can be explained by the variation in orbital hybridization at the Co/MgO interface in response to the weak electric fields. Our results on voltage control of DMI (VCDMI) suggest that research related to the voltage control of magnetic anisotropy for spin–orbit torque or the motion control of skyrmions might also have to consider the role of the external electric field on DMI as small voltages are generally used for the magnetoresistance detection.
U(1)
L

μ
-L

τ

breaking phase transition, muon g–2, dark matter, collider, and gravitational wave*
Authors: Wang 王 Jie 杰 , Ma 马 Jinghong 景鸿 , Gao 高 Jing 静 , Han 韩 Xiao-Fang 小芳 , Wang 王 Lei 磊
Published: November 2023

Combining the dark matter and muon

anomaly, we study the

breaking phase transition, gravitational wave spectra, and direct detection at the LHC in an extra

gauge symmetry extension of the standard model. The new fields include vector-like leptons (

), the

breaking scalar S, and the gauge boson

, as well as the dark matter candidate

and its heavy partner

. A joint explanation of the dark matter relic density and muon

anomaly excludes the region where both

and

are much larger than

. In the parameter space accommodating the DM relic density and muon

anomaly, the model can achieve a first-order

breaking phase transition, whose strength is sensitive to the parameters of the Higgs potential. The corresponding gravitational wave spectra can reach the sensitivity of U-DECIGO. In addition, the direct searches at the LHC impose stringent bounds on the mass spectra of the vector-like leptons and dark matter.
H i in High Gas-phase Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9
Authors: Guo Yan , Sengupta C. , Scott T. C. , Lagos P. , Luo Y.
Published: November 2023

We present resolved Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope H i observations of the high gas-phase metallicity dwarf galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9 (z = 0.005) (hereafter J2306) and investigate whether it could be a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy (TDG) candidate. TDGs are observed to have higher metallicities than normal dwarfs. J2306 has an unusual combination of a blue g − r color of 0.23 mag, irregular optical morphology and high-metallicity (12 + log(O/H) = 8.68 ± 0.14), making it an interesting galaxy to study in more detail. We find J2306 to be an H i rich galaxy with a large extended, unperturbed rotating H i disk. Using our H i data we estimated its dynamical mass and found the galaxy to be dark matter (DM) dominated within its H i radius. The quantity of DM, inferred from its dynamical mass, appears to rule out J2306 as an evolved TDG. A wide area environment search reveals J2306 to be isolated from any larger galaxies which could have been the source of its high gas metallicity. Additionally, the H i morphology and kinematics of the galaxy show no indication of a recent merger to explain the high-metallicity. Further detailed optical spectroscopic observations of J2306 might provide an answer to how a seemingly ordinary irregular dwarf galaxy achieved such a high level of metal enrichment.
Investigating the Impact of SMF on Brillouin Fiber Laser Performance
Authors: Ali H N A , Arsad N , Zulkipli N F , Rosol A H A , Abdali T N , Ghadhban H Q , Harun S W
Published: November 2023

Using erbium-doped fiber, a steady Q-switched erbium-doped laser (EDFL) was successfully demonstrated. With a 150 m of Single Mode Fiber to generate the Brillouin Fiber Laser and increase the non-linearity inside the cavity. In the absence of a Brillouin pump, a compact Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) is realized by combining an Erbium Doped Fiber (EDF) and a Single Mode Fiber (SMF), which serve as both the Brillouin and linear gain media. It is accomplished by self-Brillouin production in a laser cavity from 4.5 m of EDF and 150 m of SMF with strong nonlinearity. The SMF inside the ring cavity was used to generate self-generating BFL. The BFL in the linear cavity produced more Brillouin stokes at a lower pump threshold. In the experiments, the average of spacing is 0.088 nm was generated at the EDF pump power of 93.468 to 259.493 mW for the 150 m of SMF. This compact BFL has total cavity length (160.34 m). Eventually, this is the most recent gain medium length recorded for Brillouin erbium fiber laser production without the use of a Brillouin pump.
Single and dual optical microsphere resonator as Humidity Sensor
Authors: Ali Ummu Umairah Mohamad , Johari Ahmad Ashadi , Jusoh Zulzilawati , Harun Sulaiman Wadi
Published: November 2023

This study explores into the influence of whispering gallery mode (WGMs) on single and dual microsphere resonator (MSR) as a humidity sensor which can confine light by continuous internal reflection. The construction of the device is simple, and it has a low cost as MSR is made of silica material with a high refractive index. MSR coupling tapered optical fibers with size 5µm to the surfaces of single and two microspheres is demonstrated as a relative humidity (RH) sensor. The Q-factor was measured 7.754 × 105 dBm for single MSR while for dual MSR, Q-factor is 7.765 × 105 dBm. When sensitivity, linearity, and repeatability were analyzed based on transmitted power, the results were conclusively excellent for the performance of the double MSR.
Investigation on the Effect of Fluorescence Material based on D-Shaped Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Zainuddin Nur Aina’a Mardhiah , Saleh Falah Ahmed A. , Mokti Muhammad Haniff , Zakaria Rozalina , Jusoh Zulzilawati , Wong Wei Ru
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we report the outcomes when fluorescence material coated the hollow core (inner part) of D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) that has internal diameter (ID), 10 μm. Fluorescence involves the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. The coated material namely, allene has contributed significantly to the output of transmission spectra at the visible region. The changes in transmission wavelength are remarked when certain parameters vary along the study. The air hole deposited with allene exhibits strong electromagnetic interaction which is good for optical absorption and hence could promote high-sensitivity performance. The optimum condition on how allene covered the hollow PCF which this includes the number of days dipping leads to the bigger wavelength shifting comparing to its emission at 530 nm. Therefore, this study report that allene material could promote an important role in sensing applications at the visible as it displays a good response.
Investigation of microstructure and texture as related to primary recrystallization of grain-oriented silicon steel
Authors: Gong Jian , Godfrey Andrew , Ma Jiaji , Li Ruifeng
Published: November 2023

Grain-oriented silicon steel requires a very strong Goss {110}<001> texture and as such a comprehensive control of thermo-mechanical processing parameters is required to achieve a strict control of texture. In particular the cold rolling and decarburization annealing process parameters have a determining effect on the grain size, the grain size distribution and the crystal texture distribution. In this study, the effect of cold rolling reduction on texture distribution in cold-rolled sheet has been analyzed. Secondary recrystallization of grain-oriented silicon steel is also highly dependent on the microstructure and texture after primary recrystallization. The influence of annealing temperature and carbides on the primary recrystallization process has also been investigated by measurements of grain growth and texture following primary recrystallization. By optimizing the microstructure and the texture of primary recrystallization of grain-oriented silicon steel, it is shown that a grain-oriented silicon steel exhibiting high magnetic induction low iron loss has been developed at Shougang Steel.
Study on the recrystallization microstructure and texture evolution of a rolled 0.075 mm ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel
Authors: Ning Zhang , Li Meng , Bo Zhang , Yang Tu
Published: November 2023

This paper investigated the recrystallization behavior of a rolled 0.075 mm ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel, and microstructure and texture evolutions were studied. At the early stage, dominant {hk0}<001> recrystallized grains were ascribed to the preferential {hk0}<001> nucleation, then their growth was reduced by texture pinning effect. In contrast, a few ‘random’ grains grew excessively to consume surrounding {hk0}<001> fine-grained matrix, meanwhile nuclei originating from initial non-Goss grains also showed size advantage and further grew. Despite of quasi-two-dimensional microstructure of ultra-thin sheet, the anisotropic surface energy did not show marked effect on grain growth difference. Those coarse grains, which were 10 times larger than the matrix grains, were surrounded by high energy (HE) boundaries, indicating that their growth was driven by high grain boundary mobility. With the increasing annealing time, the formation of {hk0}<001> oriented assemblies and the growth of non-{hk0}<001> oriented grains contributed to the overall grain size increase. Regarding the relationship between microstructure, texture and magnetic properties, {hk0}<001> texture was weakened and reduced magnetic induction accordingly, and the combination of growing while heterogeneous grain size and changing texture made iron loss a first decrease and then increase tendency. It is essential to control annealing time to obtain suitable combination of microstructure and texture.
The effect of layer interface on recrystallization behavior of layered aluminum: An in-situ EBSD study
Authors: Ding Ziyi , Yu Hao , Xia Yiping , Miao Kesong , Fan Guohua , Wang Xiaojun
Published: November 2023

In recent years, layered heterogeneous metallic materials have received considerable attention. In this work, we fabricated an AA3003/AA1060 layered aluminum and introduced heterogeneity by regulating recrystallization behavior via accumulative roll bonding and annealing processes. The annealing process was studied by in-situ electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) observation. The present work shows that the recrystallization rate in the AA1060 layer is significantly higher than that in the AA3003 layer. This disparity can be attributed to the varying element composition, which generates a layered aluminum structure comprising alternating fine-grained and coarse-grained layers. Moreover, the influence of layer interface on the recrystallization behavior of the AA1060 layer was investigated. The result shows that high energy storage near the interface promotes recrystallization nucleation and grain growth. This study reveals the formation mechanism of layered heterogeneous metallic materials, which can help the design and preparation of high-performance heterogeneous metallic materials.
The size effect of precipitates on microstructure evolution during high-temperature deformation
Authors: Man D , Lin X , Yang H T , Hou Y C , Li W , Wang Y F , Xing L , Jin Z L , Ren H P
Published: November 2023

Cr-Ni-Mo steel, as a hot-work die steel, has become increasingly demanding of service temperature and strength. This study investigated the effect of precipitates on the deformation behavior of tempered martensite at 700 °C. Tempering specimens with different dislocation densities leads to different behavior due to the size and volume fraction of precipitates. This decreases dynamic recrystallization and interfacial mobility, resulting in higher interfacial energy. Meanwhile, the precipitates boost strength and thermal stability of the tempered martensite.