bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimized Molecular Interaction Networks for the Study of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Morgan Stephen , Malatras Apostolos , Duguez Stephanie , Duddy William
Published: July 2021

Background: Molecular interaction networks (MINs) aim to capture the complex relationships between interacting molecules within a biological system. MINs can be constructed from existing knowledge of molecular functional associations, such as protein-protein binding interactions (PPI) or gene co-expression, and these different sources may be combined into a single MIN. A given MIN may be more or less optimal in its representation of the important functional relationships of molecules in a tissue. Objective: The aim of this study was to establish whether a combined MIN derived from different types of functional association could better capture muscle-relevant biology compared to its constituent single-source MINs. Methods: MINs were constructed from functional association databases for both protein-binding and gene co-expression. The networks were then compared based on the capture of muscle-relevant genes and gene ontology (GO) terms, tested in two different ways using established biological network clustering algorithms. The top performing MINs were combined to test whether an optimal MIN for skeletal muscle could be constructed. Results: The STRING PPI network was the best performing single-source MIN among those tested. Combining STRING with interactions from either the MyoMiner or CoXPRESSdb gene co-expression sources resulted in a combined network with improved performance relative to its constituent networks. Conclusion: MINs constructed from multiple types of functional association can better represent the functional relationships of molecules in a given tissue. Such networks may be used to improve the analysis and interpretation of functional genomics data in the study of skeletal muscle and neuromuscular diseases. Networks and clusters described by this study, including the combinations of STRING with MyoMiner or with CoXPRESSdb, are available for download from https://www.sys-myo.com/myominer/download.php.
Caregivers’ perspectives of the challenges faced with survivors of traumatic brain injury: A scoping review
Authors: Page Teneille A. , Gordon Sarah , Balchin Ross , Tomlinson Mark
Published: July 2021

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has wide-ranging neuropsychological, physical, social and financial implications. The impact on caregivers of moderate to severe TBI survivors, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, is under-investigated. AIM: Identify and describe the experiences of caregivers’ of moderate to severe TBI survivors postdischarge from healthcare facilities. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted utilising seven electronic databases. Two reviewers screened articles using eligibly criteria related to setting (postdischarge), caregiving (informal), age of TBI survivors (> 18 years) and injury severity (moderate-severe). Studies published in English between 1999 –2018 were included. RESULTS: Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Articles reporting on the same sample were merged during data charting. The final analyses included 11 articles comprised of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. Ten themes were identified: psychological distress, social functioning, financial burden, family experiences, coping strategies, access to services, time burdens and physical, cognitive and behavioural difficulties. Characteristics of caregivers and TBI survivors were also reported. CONCLUSION: Caregivers of moderate to severe TBI survivors experience challenges in various life domains, and there is limited research concerning caregivers in low- and middle-income countries. Future research should focus on understanding more nuanced experiences across various environments, which may increase comprehensive, flexible and long-term support.
The International Program in Survey and Data Science (IPSDS): A modern study program for working professionals
Authors: Haensch Anna-Carolina , Herklotz Markus , Keusch Florian , Kreuter Frauke
Published: July 2021

The International Program in Survey and Data Science (IPSDS) is an online educational program, which can be attended through the Joint Program in Survey Methodology (JPSM) at the University of Maryland (UMD) and a part-time Master of Applied Data Science & Measurement (MDM) at the University of Mannheim and Mannheim Business School (MBS). It is targeted towards and attended by working professionals involved or interested in data collection and data analysis including those working in official statistics. The program conveys competencies in the areas of data collection, data analysis, data storage, and data visualization. The faculty of the program includes researchers and lecturers from both the University of Maryland and the University of Mannheim as well as other organizations such as destatis and Statistics Netherlands in the field of official statistics. The program was awarded the label of ‘European Master in Official Statistics (EMOS)’ under conditions in May 2021. In the article, we summarize the methodological and statistical competencies needed in official statistics and show how IPSDS covers this set of skills. We will present the flipped classroom design used for the IPSDS program and demonstrate that it is especially suited for students who are working professionals at the same time.
Education in official statistics: A common challenge of providers of official statistics and universities
Authors: Navarre Elwira , Lehtimäki Heli , Zwick Markus , Bavdaž Mojca
Published: July 2021

In the fast-changing environment, the amount of available data is exploding and transforming it quickly into actionable information is not easy. Thus, reliable and comparable statistics are in increasingly high demand by the public, even more so in troubled times such as financial crisis and pandemics. However, crisis is also an exciting opportunity to tap into the interest of young people and harness their talent for working with official statistics. Two initiatives at the European level are already in place to advance education in official statistics. As production environment started to change with increasingly rapid evolution of technologies and new data sources, Eurostat together with the European Statistical System (ESS) brought to life European Statistical Training Programme (ESTP) and European Master in Official Statistics (EMOS). This papers briefly describes the origin and the main characteristics of both models of training, the bridges that they build, and discusses the way ahead.
New needs and training modalities for the sustainable transfer of know-how on food and agriculture statistics in the COVID-19 era1
Authors: Gennari Pietro , Bizier Valerie , Petracchi Cristina , Navarro Dorian Kalamvrezos
Published: July 2021

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Global Indicator Framework (GIF) has multiplied training needs due to the large number of new indicators to be monitored by countries, whereas COVID-19-related social distancing restrictions have provided an unexpected springboard for the proliferation of cutting-edge virtual training tools and modalities. This has exposed a panoply of new data-related skills needed by contemporary statisticians, and therefore the types of training that could be most appropriate for acquiring these skills. This paper analyses the changing context and nature of training, with particular reference to the experience of FAO as a custodian agency for a large share of SDG indicators. The combination of different learning modalities, appropriately blended into a coherent learning programme, is shown to have the greatest impact, with one modality reinforcing the strengths and dampening the limitations of another.
Use of everyday technology to promote ambulation in people with intellectual and multiple disabilities
Authors: Lancioni Giulio E. , Singh Nirbhay N. , O’Reilly Mark F. , Sigafoos Jeff , Alberti Gloria , Chiariello Valeria , Desideri Lorenzo
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND:

People with severe to profound intellectual disabilities and visual or motor impairment tend to be detached and sedentary.

OBJECTIVE:

The present study assessed a technology-aided intervention to promote ambulation in four people with severe to profound intellectual disability combined with blindness or deafness and spasticity.

METHOD:

The intervention was introduced according to a non-concurrent multiple baseline design across participants. The participants wore a smartphone fitted with the MacroDroid application at their right or left ankle. This application served to (a) detect and record smartphone’s shake events (i.e., events related to the step responses the participant performed with the leg to which the smartphone was fixed) throughout the study, and (b) automatically deliver stimulation and encouragements/prompts (i.e., in relation to step responses and lack of responding, respectively) during the intervention.

RESULTS:

Data showed that during the baseline (i.e., prior to the intervention) the participants’ mean frequency of step responses were between 26 and 61 per 5-min session. During the intervention the mean session frequency increased to between 100 and 157. The increase was statistically significant for all participants.

CONCLUSION:

The aforementioned technology-aided intervention may be a useful tool for promoting ambulation in people like those involved in this study.
Influence of panoramic cues during prolonged roll-tilt adaptation on the percept of vertical
Authors: Pomante A. , Selen L.P.J. , Romano F. , Bockisch C.J. , Tarnutzer A.A. , Bertolini G. , Medendorp W.P.
Published: July 2021

The percept of vertical, which mainly relies on vestibular and visual cues, is known to be affected after sustained whole-body roll tilt, mostly at roll positions adjacent to the position of adaptation. Here we ask whether the viewing of panoramic visual cues during the adaptation further influences the percept of the visual vertical. Participants were rotated in the frontal plane to a 90° clockwise tilt position, which was maintained for 4-minutes. During this period, the subject was either kept in darkness, or viewed panoramic pictures that were either veridical (aligned with gravity) or oriented along the body longitudinal axis. Errors of the subsequent subjective visual vertical (SVV), measured at various tilt angles, showed that the adaptation effect of panoramic cues is local, i.e. for a narrow range of tilts in the direction of the adaptation angle. This distortion was found irrespective of the orientation of the panoramic cues. We conclude that sustained exposure to panoramic and vestibular cues does not adapt the subsequent percept of vertical to the direction of the panoramic cue. Rather, our results suggest that sustained panoramic cues affect the SVV by an indirect effect on head orientation, with a 90° periodicity, that interacts with a vestibular cue to determine the percept of vertical.
Impact of basic medical insurance fund risk on the health risk assessment of urban residents
Authors: Jia Jianyu , Song Li , Li Lin
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: The key to smooth running of medical insurance lies in whether the medical insurance fund can meet the needs of people’s medical and health services while achieving a balance between income and expenditure. However, the current impacts of various factors make the risk of medical insurance fund more and more prominent. OBJECTIVE: This investigation is to explore the impacts of basic medical insurance fund on the health of urban residents. METHODS: The corresponding risk evaluation index system is obtained from the structure, operation process, and operation results of the medical insurance fund. The health risks of local residents are evaluated based on the Delphi method. RESULTS: The analysis of the influencing factors reveals that the risk of medical insurance fund is significantly correlated with the medical health of urban residents. From 2016 to 2019, the overall risk assessment for health insurance funds of the whole city is around 82 score. CONCLUSION: The risk assessment system proposed can effectively assess the risks of the medical insurance fund for urban residents. This work provides an important reference for risk prevention and control of medical insurance fund management departments.
Mental health risk assessment and intervention of vocational college students with the assistance of mental health education
Authors: Xie Qing , Hamilton Hedy
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of higher education in China, vocational colleges are developing rapidly. However, most higher vocational colleges have a short history of running schools, insufficient management systems, averaged student quality, low government social recognition, and poor employment quality, making vocational college students’ mental health issues prominent. OBJECTIVES: The purposes are to evaluate and intervene in students’ mental health issues in vocational colleges, thereby formulating corresponding intervention mechanisms. METHODS: The questionnaires and in-depth interviews are utilized to investigate and collect students’ mental health in vocational colleges. Corresponding intervention mechanisms are formulated according to the results obtained. RESULTS: A total of 510 equivalent questionnaires are distributed to three different local vocational colleges. Finally, 496 questionnaires are returned, of which 441 questionnaires are valid. Investigation and analysis results show that only 34.82%of students are considered mentally healthy and relatively healthy in terms of mental health, while 22.22%have some or severe mental health issues. Employment brings the greatest pressure. Further investigation of the students’ personalities shows that 54.88%of students are classified as impulsive personalities, and 40.82%are inferiority personalities, clarifying students’ mental health issues. Finally, intervention mechanisms are formulated from three perspectives: preventive intervention, response intervention, and follow-up intervention to improve students’ mental health issues. CONCLUSION: The mental health issues of students in vocational colleges are assessed and analyzed clearly, making the intervention measures more targeted, which can provide a reference for the intervention and evaluation of students’ mental health issues in the future.
Research on the “integration of physical activity and medicine” prevention scheme of chronic disease population based on health risk assessment
Authors: He Jiali , Han Jinyong , Xin Changcheng
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Living standards are greatly improved with the economy, but prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing due to unhealthy lifestyles. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore the impact of physical medicine comprehensive intervention under health risk assessment on disease management of diabetes high-risk population, and provide evidence for health management of chronic diseases. METHODS: Diabetes risk assessment was conducted among 1,200 examiners in the Health Examination Center of Zhanjiang Central People’s Hospital. 384 cases of diabetes high-risk population were randomly rolled into control group and experimental group equally. Basic data were analyzed and related biochemical indexes were determined. Experimental group received exercise-medicine comprehensive intervention under health risk assessment, while control group received routine intervention. RESULTS: Age, fasting blood glucose, family history of diabetes, blood pressure, smoking, etc. were risk factors for diabetes. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood lipid, physical activity, food intake, total cholesterol, etc. of experimental group were significantly changed, and the two-hour blood glucose (2hPG) was significantly different versus control group (P <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive physical activity and drug intervention under health risk assessment can effectively reduce the risk of diabetes.
Urban citizen health risk assessment for epidemic pneumonia and research on innovation on economic development
Authors: Zhou Chunning , Xin Y.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Many people die of epidemic pneumonia, which poses a great threat to people’s health and the economy. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to ensure the health of the people and the steady development of the national economy. METHODS: According to the three elements of risk composition, the evaluation indexes of health risk were selected. After the risk of epidemic pneumonia was identified, with the health risk of some urban residents evaluated accordingly. Subsequently, the influence of epidemic pneumonia on economic innovation and development was explored. RESULTS: The risk index of District B in a certain city was 0.439, which was at a high risk, while that of District C was 0.174, which was at a low risk. The risk assessment results of the six districts and counties in the city were quite different due to different levels of risk management and the relationship between population density and mobility. CONCLUSION: The risk assessment method proposed can accurately assess the health risk of urban citizens, and play a key role in the stable development of the national economy during the outbreak.
The impact of industry cluster and environmental policies on residents’ health risk evaluation using big data
Authors: Chen Limin , Xiong Mingliang
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Many heavy industrial clusters have become the largest emission source of air pollutants in China, and the excessive overflow of pollutants occurs sometimes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the relationship between the changes in ambient air quality and the health risk of residents under the joint action of industrial agglomeration and environmental policies, and analyze the impact of industrial clusters and environmental policies on air quality. METHODS: Shanghai is taken as an example, and the industrial structure, economic changes, and environmental policies are discussed, the impact of air quality change on the health of residents in Shanghai is analyzed, and the exposure risk and health risk of Shanghai residents are evaluated. RESULTS: Among the 16 districts of Shanghai, Minhang district has the densest population, and there are many industrial areas in Qingpu district, Songjiang district, and Baoshan district. Among the four areas, the Minhang area has the highest exposure risk. Qingpu area has the highest total exposure intensity, and the Baoshan area has the lowest exposure intensity. Air pollution slowly affects human health that when air quality is improved, health risks still exist. The impact of PM2.5 on the life expectancy of residents in Shanghai is compared with that of Guangzhou, and it is found that the life expectancy loss of residents in Shanghai is greater than that in Guangzhou. CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive analysis of industrial clusters and environmental policies combined with ambient air quality data plays an important role in understanding residents’ health risks, optimizing industrial structure adjustment, and improving ambient air quality.
The role of medical and health policies in the health risk management system
Authors: Yu Ning
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Demand on healthy life is increasing, so the health risk management becomes more and more important. OBJECTIVE: This study is to discuss the internal motivation and operability of medical and health policies, so as to provide help for national health risk management. METHODS: The changes and development direction of China’s medical and health policies are summarized and analyzed, and the problems of policy evolution are summarized. The “health in all policies (HiAP)” is taken as an example, and its application value in health risk management and assessment is discussed. Gansu Province is taken as an example to evaluate the implementation status and effect of HiAP strategy. The primary indexes of policy implementation effect monitoring are determined through the “structure-process-result” model. Delphi method are adopted to determine the final index system and weight distribution. RESULTS: 17 secondary indexes and 56 tertiary indexes are determined, which can comprehensively evaluate the implementation effect of HiAP strategy. CONCLUSION: The implementation monitoring and assessment system based on the HiAP can supervise and control the implementation effect of HiAP strategy, which can provide important reference for national health risk management.
A TV-minimization image-reconstruction algorithm without system matrix
Authors: Qiao Zhiwei , Lu Yang
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE: Total Variation (TV) minimization algorithm is a classical compressed sensing (CS) based iterative image reconstruction algorithm that can accurately reconstruct images from sparse-view projections in computed tomography (CT). However, the system matrix used in the algorithm is often too large to be stored in computer memory. The purpose of this study is to investigate a new TV algorithm based on image rotation and without system matrix to avoid the memory requirement of system matrix. METHODS: Without loss of generality, a rotation-based adaptive steepest descent-projection onto convex sets (R-ASD-POCS) algorithm is proposed and tested to solve the TV model in parallel beam CT. Specifically, simulation experiments are performed via the Shepp-Logan, FORBILD and real CT image phantoms are used to verify the inverse-crime capability of the algorithm and evaluate the sparse reconstruction capability and the noise suppression performance of the algorithm. RESULTS: Experimental results show that the algorithm can achieve inverse-crime, accurate sparse reconstruction and thus accurately reconstruct images from noisy projections. Compared with the classical ASD-POCS algorithm, the new algorithm may yield the similar image reconstruction accuracy without use of the huge system matrix, which saves the computational memory space significantly. Additionally, the results also show that R-ASD-POCS algorithm is faster than ASD-POCS. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed new algorithm can effectively solve the problem of using huge memory in large scale and iterative image reconstruction. Integrating with ASD-POCS frame, this no-system-matrix based scheme may be readily extended and applied to any iterative image reconstructions.
Relación entre Felicidad y Estrategias de Afrontamiento
Authors: González Iván Daniel
Published: July 2021

En la presente investigación se ha realizado una revisión narrativa en la cual se trabajaron las variables Felicidad y Estrategias de Afrontamiento, permitiendo establecer que el empleo de las estrategias adecuadas puede conducir al sujeto hacia la Felicidad. Para esto se ha definido a la Felicidad como un constructo de carácter unidimensional y sin especificación constituyente, con una conceptualización de origen filosófico (Eudaimonía y Hedonismo) que pasaría, posteriormente, al campo de la Psicología como una sumatoria de beneficios para la salud mental y física. Por otro lado, la segunda variable, Estrategias de Afrontamiento, se conceptualizó como el conjunto de respuestas o comportamientos hacia demandas tanto evolutivas como del ambiente inmediato, siendo estas Adaptativas (referidas a la resolución de la demanda mediante medidas constructivas) o Inadaptativas (orientadas a conductas de carácter de riesgo y/o evasión de la problemática). Se determinó que el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional permitía un mejor manejo de las emociones a la hora de elegir una estrategia, permitiéndole al sujeto apreciar mejor el obstáculo, gracias a la naturaleza interventora del afrontamiento; de esta manera se concluyó que las Estrategias de Afrontamiento repercuten sobre la Felicidad de las personas, generando beneficios tanto mentales como biológicos.
Myocardial bridges and coronary distribution in dairy cattle from Brazil Northeast
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Brito Vinícius Lima , Lima Kethelyn Freitas de ,   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Ramalho Anielly Mirelly de Assunção ,   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Melo Jadson Vieira de ,   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Oliveira Júnior Mário Baltazar de ,   Centro Universitário Unifavip, Barbosa Amara Maria de Sousa ,   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Mesquita Emanuela Polimeni de ,   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Oliveira Daniela ,   Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco
Published: July 2021

This study evaluated the distribution and possible variations of the coronary arteries and the presence of myocardial bridges in dairy cattle from Northeastern Brazil. Thus, healthy hearts were analyzed according to many variables. Left coronary artery originate the rami paraconalis, circumflexus et subsinuosus. Ramus subsinuosus and right coronary artery showed a short subepicardial path. Lengths of the main branches showed statistical differences only in relation to age group and weight of the animal. Myocardial bridges had a prevalence of 55% and were more frequent over the ramus paraconalis. Veterinary medicine is able to provide experimental models to expand the necessary study to understand pathophysiology and clinical relevance of the bridges.
Treatment of Flue Gas from an Infectious Waste Incinerator using the Ozone System
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakam University, Mahasarakam 44150, Thailand, Vattanapuripakorn Wenich , Khannam Khomson ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakam University, Mahasarakam 44150, Thailand, Sonsupap Sathapon ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakam University, Mahasarakam 44150, Thailand, Tongsantia Umakorn ,   Department of Public Health Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Sarasamkan Jiradanai ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Bubphachot Bopit ,   Heat Pipe and Thermal Tools Design Research Unit (HTDR), Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakam University,  Mahasarakam 44150, Thailand
Published: July 2021

Recently, levels of air pollution caused by exhaust gases from infectious waste combustion have been rising at a startling rate. Pollutant gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have numerous health implications when unsafe amounts are released into the atmosphere. Thus, Pollution Control Systems (PCS) and Gas Cleaner Systems (GCS) play an important role in industries and the monitoring of incinerators. This research evaluated the GCS of rotary kilns in medical facilities located in the Northeast of Thailand. Data was collected from various sites, analyzed, and examined. Furthermore, Ozone (O3) technology was applied to the rotary kiln allowing for the collection of new information on the pollution treatment systems. O3 technology was installed along with the Wet Scrubber System (WSS) catalyzing the oxidation of O3 and pollutant gases. In addition, a chiller was added to control and stabilize the temperature of the water. After the water temperature was controlled, the concentration of O3 increased resulting in an efficient pollution treatment system. Levels of pollutant gas emission were found to be beneath control standards of both Thailand and those of the U.S. EPA. TSP content was reduced significantly from 22.0 mg/m³ to 3.4 mg/m³ (97%), CO content from 13.6 mg/m³ to 1.7 mg/m³ (96%), and NO₂ content fell from 16.3 (mg/m³) to 2.0 mg/m³ (99%). It is clear that the rotary kiln and Ozone technology should be used together in order to create a new and far more effective method of pollution treatment in small and mid-sized cities of Thailand.
Assessment and Prediction of Land Use/Land Cover Change in the National Capital of Burundi Using Multi-temporary Landsat Data and Cellular Automata-Markov Chain Model
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand, Ntakirutimana Audace , Vansarochana Chaiwiwat ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
Published: July 2021

Gitega District has experienced significant land use and land cover changes due to human activity. This has increased land degradation and environmental issues. However, there is no data on LULC change to guide land-use planning. This study assessed the rate and magnitude of LULC change over the last 35 years and also simulated future scenarios using Geoinformatics. In the first step, five LULC classes were extracted from satellite images from 1984, 2002, and 2019 using the supervised classification method. Overall accuracy and Kappa statistics of more than 85% and 82% respectively were achieved with 30 reference samples. Change analysis highlighted by Land Change Modeler (1984-2019) indicated a significant increase in Agriculture of 94 km2, a slight increase in Shrub Land and Built-up Area of 5.5 km2 and 2 km2, respectively; and a steep decrease in Trees Cover and Grass Land of 62.5 km2 and 39 km2, respectively. Markov Chain and CA-Markov models were further calibrated to simulate LULC changes in 2038 and 2057 using the 2019 base map. Evaluation and analysis of 2019-2057 simulation results showed a moderate agreement of 75% for Kappa and the same trends of LULC change: Trees Cover, Grass Land, and Shrub Land will decrease by 11.5 km2, 13 km2, 11.5 km2 respectively, whereas Agriculture and Built-up Area will increase by 30 km2 and 6 km2 respectively in 2057. These study outcomes can support decision-making towards restoration measures of land degradation and long-term environmental conservation in the region.
A mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazhatósága a modern kori repülésben
Authors: Sári János , Békési Bertold , Vas Tímea , Kele Katalin , Magyar Martin , Szabó Richárd
Published: July 2021

A cikkben a szerzők az Air Traffic Management (ATM)1 Student Invention Challenge keretein belül elért kutatási tevékenységüket ismertetik. A verseny feladataként a mesterséges intelligencia mint jövőbeli repüléstámogató és kiszolgáló technológia témáját választottuk és több a cikkben bemutatott aspektusát vizsgáltuk. A bevezetést, valamint a témához kapcsolódó, jelenleg is alkalmazott technológiák rövid ismertetését követően, a szerzők olyan kiaknázatlan lehetőségeket vázolnak fel, amelyek jelentős változást hozhatnak azoknak az innovatív megoldásoknak a területén, amelyek a repülés biztonságának és hatékonyságának biztosításáhozszükségesek. A szerzők célja ismertetni a lehetséges fejlesztési irányokat, a jelenlegi kutatások felhasználásának segítségével.
Drónok és hagyományos légi járművek közös légtérben történő alkalmazásának repülésbiztonsági kockázatai
Authors: Gajdács László , Palik Mátyás , Dudás Zoltán
Published: July 2021

Napjainkban egyre növekvő igény jelentkezik pilóta nélküli légi járművek, közismertebb nevükön drónok használatára úgy az állami, mint a polgári célú felhasználásban. Szinte az összes iparágban megjelennek, jelezve ezzel a felhasználásukban rejlő potenciál kiaknázatlan lehetőségeit. Egyértelmű térnyerésük azonban nemcsak új lehetőségeket teremt, hanem komoly veszélyforrás is a nem megfelelő, szabálytalan alkalmazásuk. A cikkben a drónok felhasználásával együtt járó – elsősorban – negatív tényezőket kívánjuk bemutatni és elemezni. Választ keresünk arra, hogy tényleg valós fenyegetést jelentenek-e, illetve milyen kimenetele lehet annak, ha egy drón veszélyesen megközelít egy másik légi járművet, legrosszabb esetben ütközik vele. Vizsgáljuk ezenkívül, hogy milyen módon lehet a veszélyes megközelítéseket és azok végeredményét, az ütközéseket elkerülni, hogy a repülésbiztonság elfogadható szinten maradhasson.
Women serving in the Royal Air Force (1938-1944)
Authors: Kovács Petra
Published: July 2021

During World War II not only men served in the Royal Air Force. Sir Kingsley Wood, the Air Minister, formed the Civil Air Guard for supporting the Royal Air Force. Until July 1939 between three and four thousand people got their pilot’s licence, and there were a further ten thousand undergoing training. Nine hundred of them were women.
A hazai légi kutatás-mentés átalakulása a H145M helikopter hadrendbe állításával
Authors: Bali Tamás
Published: July 2021

A Magyar Honvédség fegyvernemei a Zrínyi 2026 Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Programnak köszönhetően újabb és újabb fegyverzettechnikai eszközökkel gazdagodtak és majd gazdagodnak a jövőben. A fejlesztés egyik fő iránya a forgószárnyas képességek fokozására koncentrál. A hadrendbe állított H145M helikopterekkel a honvédségnél új képességek jelennek meg, amelyek közül az egyik legfontosabb az, hogy országos szinten megnövelt képességű kutató-mentő szolgáltatás lesz biztosítható. Ehhez azonban részletekbe menően kell foglalkozni a képesség-összetevők formálásával. Jelen tanulmányomban ezeket a feladatokat elemzem.
Gyalogság elleni aknák: 25 év nélkülük
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Dénes Kálmán , Kovács Tibor , Kovács Ferenc
Published: July 2021

A gyalogság elleni aknák a rövid történelmük során mindig fontos tényezői voltak a fegyveres küzdelem megvívásának. A háborúk, konfliktusok befejezését követően azonban hatalmas mennyiségben maradtak ott a föld alatt  rejtőzködve a volt hadszíntereken, és minden évben több  ezer polgári személynek okoznak súlyos vagy akár halálos  sérülést. A gyalogsági aknák katonai alkalmazásának  betiltásához vezető úton 25 évvel ezelőtt, a kanadai  Ottawában elfogadott zárónyilatkozatot tekinthetjük az első  igazán jelentős mérföldkőnek. Az évforduló kapcsán a  szerzők felvillantják a gyalogsági aknákkal kapcsolatos főbb  ismérveket, visszatekintenek az elmúlt évtizedek  eseményeire, és bemutatják a jelenlegi aknahelyzet  megváltoztatására irányuló törekvéseket.
A Kettős-Körös bal oldali 32 + 250 tkm szelvényének rézsűállékonyság-vizsgálata
Authors: Tímár Attila
Published: July 2021

Hazánk 4200 km állami fővédvonala, mint árvízvédelmi  töltés, földmű. E földművekre – kiépített védelmi rendszerre – számos tényező hat, amely befolyásolja a védmű  biztonságát. A cikk bemutatja, egy a Körösök völgyében lévő árvízvédelmi töltés szelvényének állékonyságvizsgálatát, GEO5 geotechnikai szoftverrel, ezen belül is a rézsűállékonysági modullal. A modul segítségével végzett számítások nagymértékben segíthetik a védmű megítélését az árvizek elleni biztonságos védekezés érdekében.
Műszaki kiválóságok: Oskar Regele
Authors: Padányi József , Pöcher Harald , Balla Tibor
Published: July 2021

Oskar Regele – vagy ahogy a pozsonyi utászoknál hívták, Regele Oszkár – az I. világháború idején együtt szolgált  magyar műszaki bajtársaival a különböző hadszíntereken.  Együtt harcoltak a szerb és az olasz hadszíntéren, magyar  utászokat vezetett a dunai átkelés során. A két háború  között osztrák katonai attasé volt Budapesten. Pályája a II.  világháború után teljesedett ki, amikor az Osztrák  Hadilevéltár igazgatója és az Osztrák Állami Levéltár  főigazgatója lett.
A szén-dioxid (CO2) környezetkárosító hatása és keletkezése az áruszállítási folyamatok során
Authors: Sós N. Eszter
Published: July 2021

A klímaváltozás hatása az élet minden területén jelen van, ezáltal napjaink egyik legjelentősebb problémája. Kialakulásának egyik fő oka a légkörbe kibocsátott szén-dioxid (CO2) mennyisége, ami az üvegházhatáson keresztül befolyásolja jelenlegi éghajlatunkat. A környezetkárosítás csökkentése érdekében ismerni szükséges a szén-dioxid keletkezésének helyeit, a környezetre gyakorolt  károsító  hatásait, az üvegházhatást, ökológiai  lábnyom értelmezését, valamint a szénlábnyom  definícióját. Az éghajlatváltozásra jelentős befolyással van a közlekedés  által kibocsátott széndioxid-szint,  mivel ez a legártalmasabb  légkörbe kibocsátott káros  anyag a globális felmelegedés szempontjából, ezért  csökkentése  különösen fontos minden szektorban.  Jelen publikációm  abból a célból készült, hogy  ismertessem a szén-dioxid  környezetkárosító  hatásait, valamint a logisztikai anyagmozgatás  folyamán használt közlekedési módok  megoszlásának arányát. Vizsgálatom célja, hogy elemezzem az áruszállítási teljesítményeket közlekedési módonként, ami által komplexebb képet kaphatunk arról, hogy a különböző áruszállítási metódusok közül melyik milyen arányban vesz részt az anyagmozgatási tevékenységekben. A szén-dioxid környezetkárosító hatásainak ismertetése, valamint a jelenlegi közlekedési trendek ismerete átfogó képet ad arról, hogy miért olyan fontos a közúti áruszállítás környezetkárosító hatásait vizsgálni.
Disaster Protection Analysis of the Storm Occurring on July 10, 2017 in Siófok
Authors: Kersák József Zsolt
Published: July 2021

One of the main consequences of climate change is extreme weather conditions that cause droughts, aridity,  torrential rains, cyclones, and storms. The author’s twenty- year experience as a professional firefighter also supports  that the number of interventions increased due to extreme weather conditions. The number of fires decreased;  however, technical rescues (damages caused mainly by  storms and water) show an increasing trend in Hungary.  The author argues that to perform effective interventions in the future, it is necessary to analyse and examine the  methodology of the interventions.
The method of student's query analysis while intelligent computer tutoring in SQL
Authors: Chukhray Andrey , Havrylenko Olena
Published: July 2021

Recently, IT specialties have become one of the most demanded specialties in the world labor market. Simultaneously the traditional teaching in conditions of mass production, even with a professional teacher, has a significant drawback – the fundamental impossibility of adapting to each student. Since the 60s of the twentieth century, researchers worldwide have been developing various computer-tutoring tools that have, less or more, adaptive functions. Nevertheless, the task of the perfect computer tutor development is still far from being solved. The article's research subject is the process of student requests analyzing during intelligent computer tutoring in SQL. The main goal is to develop a method for analyzing the student's SQL queries. The purposes: to form a general scheme and features of the method for analyzing student’s SQL queries based on the principles of technical diagnostics and methods of lexical, syntactic analysis of computer programs; to develop methods for parse tree construction; to create methods for comparing reference and real SQL queries according to their similarity rate; to demonstrate the function ability of the developed methods on specific examples. The methods used computer programs the automatic testing method, the computer programs lexical and syntactic analysis methods, the computer programs parsing trees construction methods, the objects diagnosing method based on comparison with a reference, the strings analysis methods, the method of q-grams. The following results were obtained: the student’s SQL queries analysis method was formed based on a system approach including automatic testing on real data, building query-parsing trees, comparison with a reference, and comprehensive determination of the queries similarity rate. The scientific novelty is the improvement of the method for the student's SQL query analysis during intelligent computer training in SQL query composition.
The engineering skills training process modeling using dynamic bayesian nets
Authors: Chukhray Andrey , Havrylenko Olena
Published: July 2021

The subject of research in the article is the process of intelligent computer training in engineering skills. The aim is to model the process of teaching engineering skills in intelligent computer training programs through dynamic Bayesian networks. Objectives: To propose an approach to modeling the process of teaching engineering skills. To assess the student competence level by considering the algorithms development skills in engineering tasks and the algorithms implementation ability. To create a dynamic Bayesian network structure for the learning process. To select values for conditional probability tables. To solve the problems of filtering, forecasting, and retrospective analysis. To simulate the developed dynamic Bayesian network using a special Genie 2.0-environment. The methods used are probability theory and inference methods in Bayesian networks. The following results are obtained: the development of a dynamic Bayesian network for the educational process based on the solution of engineering problems is presented. Mathematical calculations for probabilistic inference problems such as filtering, forecasting, and smoothing are considered. The solution of the filtering problem makes it possible to assess the current level of the student's competence after obtaining the latest probabilities of the development of the algorithm and its numerical calculations of the task. The probability distribution of the learning process model is predicted. The number of additional iterations required to achieve the required competence level was estimated. The retrospective analysis allows getting a smoothed assessment of the competence level, which was obtained after the task's previous instance completion and after the computation of new additional probabilities characterizing the two checkpoints implementation. The solution of the described probabilistic inference problems makes it possible to provide correct information about the learning process for intelligent computer training systems. It helps to get proper feedback and to track the student's competence level. The developed technique of the kernel of probabilistic inference can be used as the decision-making model basis for an automated training process. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that dynamic Bayesian networks are applied to a new class of problems related to the simulation of engineering skills training in the process of performing algorithmic tasks.
ГЛОБАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗВИТКУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ У СУЧАСНОМУ СВІТІ ЯК ГОЛОВНІ ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ РАДИКАЛЬНОЇ ЗМІНИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ЦІЄЮ СФЕРОЮ
Authors: Марусіна Олена
Published: July 2021

Висвітлено актуальні складові дійсно революційних змін у сфе- рі вищої освіти, які в ХХ–ХХІ ст. викликані різними об’єктивними процеса- ми — глобалізацією, світовими інтеграцією і інформатизацією, впроваджен- ням в усі сфери суспільного і духовного виробництва новітніх технологічних процесів і технологій. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що вища освіта кардиналь- ним чином змінює свою роль, призначення, характер впливу на життєдіяль- ність людини і суспільства. Підкреслено, що радикальні зміни феномену “ви- ща освіта” зумовлюють необхідність перегляду й удосконалення управління цим процесом, насамперед на державному рівні, що вимагає відповідних ко- реляцій у державній політиці щодо вищої освіти загалом.

Особливі акценти у статті пов’язані з наступними аспектами проблем роз- витку вищої освіти у сучасному світі.

По-перше, вища освіта як соціальний інститут радикально змінює своє призначення у зв’язку зі зміною статусу, участі людини в усіх суспільно-політичних процесах. Крім загальноосвітньої, фахової та іншої підготовки, сучасний фахівець повинен мати належні навички міжособистісної комута- тивності, ділові якості, що сповна відповідають вимогам ринкового господа- рювання.

По-друге, у ХХІ ст. в освіті розпочався фактично принципово новий ре- волюційний процес, пов’язаний зі світовими, глобалізаційними, інтеграцій- ними та інформаційними явищами. Вища освіта покликана формувати ін- новаційний розвивальний людський капітал, що постає як базис постійного оновлення і примноження такого капіталу. На основі широкого використан- ня різноманітної електронної і комп’ютерної техніки радикально змінюються форми, технології навчання, функціонування навчального процесу.

По-третє, радикальні зміни суті, ролі, значення вищої освіти у житті лю- дини, функціонування суспільства вимагає принципової зміни характеру державного управління такою освітою. Йдеться про нову модель управління, про уточнення й відпрацювання ролі і статусу у цих процесах різних суб’єк- тів такого управління, найперше органів влади, особливо виконавчих, про ав- тономізацію, демократизацію управління вищою освітою найперше на рівні конкретного закладу вищої освіти.
МОДЕЛЬ ДЕЛЕГУВАННЯ КЕРІВНИЦТВА МІЖ ДЕРЖАВНОЮ ВЛАДОЮ ТА ГРОМАДЯНСЬКИМ СУСПІЛЬСТВОМ
Authors: Напльоков Юрій
Published: July 2021

Представлено модель делегування керівництва між державною владою (ДВ) та громадянським суспільством (ГС), щоб зробити державне управління ефективним в умовах складного та динамічного середовища. Мо- дель сприятиме виявленню ступеня залучення ДВ та ГС до керівництва держави відповідно до складності, невизначеності та динаміки змін середовища та держави (системи).

Участь ДВ та ГС у керівництві державою є критичною, щоб зробити систе- му розумною й ефективною. Це вимагає належного застосування лідерської сили, зміни стилів керівництва та, нарешті, організаційної структури, засно- вуючись на ситуації. Змінне середовище вимагає адаптації системи та/або формування середовища для встановлення рівноваги між системою та се- редовищем. Це можливо завдяки належній участі ДВ та ГС у процесі при- йняття рішень (ППP). Разом вони мають визначити коріння проблеми, ана- лізувати її та виробляти рішення для адаптації системи та/або впливу на середовище різними синхронними й узгодженими діями на основі синерге- тичного ефекту.

У змінному середовищі рівень участі ДВ та ГС у керівництві державою має бути гнучким. Повна децентралізація або централізація з визначеними правилами та положеннями може не дозволити належно делегувати керів- ництво між ДВ та ГС, щоб зробити систему ефективною. Навіть правильна комбінація ДВ та ГС не може забезпечити успіх через відсутність готовності до їх співпраці. Це може залежати від національної культури, системи дер- жави, бажання людей брати участь у процесі керівництва та інших особли- востей. Часто лише менша частина населення активна і готова до інновацій та змін. Щоб зібрати та навчити цих людей, потрібні зусилля, що базуються на відданості національним цінностям, переконанням та альтруїзмі. Проте в перехідний період ці поняття також є змінними і можуть не представляти реальний “національний фундамент”.

Усі наведені причини зумовлюють пошук практичного підходу, коли, де і як розділяти лідерську владу між ДВ та ГС у змінному середовищі.
СУЧАСНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ БОРОТЬБИ З КОРУПЦІЄЮ ТА ОРГАНІЗОВАНОЮ ЗЛОЧИННІСТЮ
Authors: Поплавський Андрій
Published: July 2021

Проаналізовано стан наукових напрацювань та міжнародних досліджень у сфері державного регулювання діяльності боротьби з коруп- цією та організованою злочинністю. Розглянуто основні детермінанти фе- номену корупції та чинники формування організованої злочинності з ураху- ванням сучасних досягнень у галузях філософії, соціології та права. Зробле- но спробу систематизувати основні ознаки регулювання діяльності боротьби з корупцією та організованою злочинністю, що відрізняються агрегуванням рейтингів корупційності, що пропонуються Індексом глобальної конкуренто- спроможності. Проаналізовано стан законодавчої бази, позитивну і негатив- ну динаміку впровадження проголошених у державі реформ та механізмів державного регулювання діяльності боротьби з корупцією та організованою злочинністю. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що попри позитивні зрушення у регулюванні діяльності боротьби з корупцією та організованою злочинністю існує ряд проблем, які потребують контролю як з боку держави, так і громад- ськості. Розглянуто проблеми виконання Державної програми з реалізації антикорупційної стратегії, яка є надійним політичним документом, однак не має окремого бюджету, а разом з тим антикорупційні установи мають значні бюджетні асигнування, а підтримка донорів також допомагає реалізації.

Проаналізовано стан і джерела зародження організованої злочинності в Україні. Спираючись на дані, оприлюднені у вітчизняних та міжнародних дослідженнях, присвячених діяльності по боротьбі з корупцією та організо- ваною злочинністю, встановлено, що важливим аспектом боротьби з орга- нізованою злочинністю є викорінення корупції. Тому боротьба з корупцією повинна бути всеохоплюючою.

Розглянувши складові антикорупційної політики, дійдемо висновку, що найважливішим завданням для України зараз є забезпечення стабільності інституційної структури та посилення антикорупційних зусиль, які постій- но підриває правляча еліта, активізація інститутів громадськості, їх участь у міжнародних моніторингах та наглядовій місії за інститутами антикорупцій- ної політики в Україні.