bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elevated Retinol Binding Protein 3 Concentrations Are Associated With Decreased Vitreous Inflammatory Cytokines, VEGF, and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Fickweiler Ward , Park Hyunseok , Park Kyoungmin , Mitzner Margalit G. , Chokshi Tanvi , Boumenna Tahani , Gautier John , Zaitsu Yumi , Wu I-Hsien , Cavallerano Jerry , Aiello Lloyd P. , Sun Jennifer K. , King George L.
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To correlate inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vitreous and plasma with vitreous retinol binding protein 3 (RBP3), diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity, and DR worsening in a population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

RBP3, VEGF, and inflammatory cytokines were measured in plasma and vitreous samples (n = 205) from subjects of the Joslin Medalist Study and Beetham Eye Institute.

RESULTS

Higher vitreous RBP3 concentrations were associated with less severe DR (P < 0.0001) and a reduced risk of developing proliferative DR (PDR) (P < 0.0001). Higher RBP3 correlated with increased photoreceptor segment thickness and lower vitreous interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and TNF-β (P < 0.05). PDR was associated with lower vitreous interferon-γ and IL-10 and higher VEGF, IL-6, and IL-15 (P < 0.05), but was not associated with their plasma concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher vitreous RBP3 concentrations are associated with less severe DR and slower rates of progression to PDR, supporting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic agent for preventing DR worsening, possibly by lowering retinal VEGF and inflammatory cytokines.
Periconceptional and First Trimester Ultraprocessed Food Intake and Maternal Cardiometabolic Outcomes
Authors: Yisahak Samrawit F. , Hinkle Stefanie N. , Mumford Sunni L. , Gleason Jessica L. , Grantz Katherine L. , Zhang Cuilin , Grewal Jagteshwar
Published: July 2022

  

OBJECTIVE: Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) have been linked with obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in the general population, but are understudied in pregnancy. We examined associations of UPF intake with gestational weight gain (GWG), glycemic, and blood pressure outcomes in pregnancy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Pregnant women (n=1948) in a prospective US cohort self-reported past 3-month diet using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 8-13 weeks of gestation. The intake quantity (grams/day) of foods and beverages identified as UPFs was ranked into quartiles. Associations of UPFs were evaluated, after adjusting for confounders, with second and third trimester Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG categories, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (GHTN). Secondary outcomes included GWG rate, glucose challenge test 1-hour glucose, and blood pressure trajectories from linear mixed models.

RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-two (25.2%) and 699 (35.9%) women had 2nd and 3rd trimester excessive GWG , respectively. Eighty-five (4.4%) women had GDM and 63(3.2%) had severe hypertension or preeclampsia. UPF intake was not associated with higher odds of excessive GWG (quartile 4 vs. 1: ORadj= 0.68 [0.44, 1.05], P-trend =0.10 for second trimester) or GDM risk (quartile 4 vs. 1: RRadj = 0.99 [0.46, 2.11], P-trend =0.85). Although UPF intake was positively associated with minor differences BP trajectories, associations with GHTN were null. 

CONCLUSIONS: The expected unfavorable association of higher UPF intake with excessive GWG, GDM, and GHTN was not observed in our cohort of low-risk pregnant women. These results are based on a limited sample size and require replication. 
Concessionary bus travel: exploring the relationships between concessionary bus travel, health and wellbeing and social connectivity
Authors:   , Roberts Kelly M.
Published: July 2022

The United Kingdom (UK) is experiencing an ageing of its population. At the same time, society is becoming increasingly mobile. As people spread themselves wider and thinner, policymakers have the challenge of providing suitable mobility options for older people to ensure there is an acceptable level of social connectivity. To address transport disadvantage and encourage modal shift from car to bus, UK governments (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) have introduced concessionary bus travel. The schemes are both popular and successful, however recently there has been a reduction in concessionary pass use linked to poor and inadequate transport options, societal influences and changing mobility needs. The following thesis critically examines the relationships between concessionary bus travel and its implications for the health and wellbeing of older people in maintaining social connectivity and improved quality of life. Conducted in Wales, this study employed a two-phase multiple method approach. The first phase involved conducting semi-structured interviews with identified concessionary bus pass users (n=33), which allowed respondents to share personal experiences in their own words. The second phase comprised of phase one participants completing a seven-day paper-based bus travel diary (n=10), which added a further dimension of frequency and behaviour in real time to the results. Findings show similarities in the way older people experience bus use in the context of their daily lives. However, the findings also demonstrate the subtle differences between the mobility needs of older people in relation to bus use, levels of health, wellbeing, and overall quality of life. The thematic analysis led to the creation of The Maintaining Social Connectivity Model which can be understood as the development of policy and transport opportunities in creating an age-friendly community environment and older people’s experiences of this. The model incorporates all elements of the public transport chain (infrastructure, transport options, opportunities and social connections for example) to link social connectivity to the development, contribution, and outcome of concessionary travel and improved health, wellbeing and quality of life for older people. It is concluded that an attractive, useable, age-friendly bus travel environment is achieved when all three elements of connectedness are considered and can be met.
Delving into human visual attention for saliency detection of real-world images
Authors:   , Siris Avishek
Published: July 2022

Saliency detection explores the problem of identifying regions or objects that stand out from its surroundings. It is one of the fundamental problems in computer vision, with its appli-cation widely used in other graphics, vision and robotics tasks. Relative saliency ranking is a new problem that has been introduced with the idea of determining ranking based on the differences in the saliency agreement between multiple observers. This approach can lead to multiple objects being given the same saliency ranks. However, psychology studies and behavioural observations show that humans shift their attention from one location to another when viewing an image. This is due to the fact that the human visual system have limited capacity in simultaneously processing multiple visual inputs. We consider the sequential shift-ing of attention on objects as a form of saliency ranking, thus, we propose a new problem of saliency ranking based on attention shift. Although there are methods proposed for predicting saliency ranks, they are not able to model this human attention shift well. They are primarily based on ranking saliency values from binary prediction, which does not properly facilitate saliency rank reasoning between multiple individual objects. In this thesis, we aim to explore deep learning techniques for learning to rank salient objects by inferring human attention shift. We first construct a large-scale salient object ranking dataset. We define the saliency rank of objects by the order that an observer attends to these objects based on attention shift. We then propose a deep learning model that is built from bottom-up and top-down attention mechanisms for performing saliency ranking. Our model is evaluated with both quantitative and qualitative experiments, in which our proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance.Regarding traditional salient object detection, we observe two main issues that lead to recent techniques failing in real-world complex image scenes. Firstly, most existing datasets consist of images with simple foregrounds and backgrounds, and limited number of objects that hardly represent real-life scenarios. Second, current methods only learn contextual features of salient objects with binary saliency labels. This is not very sufficient for a model to learn high-level semantics for saliency reasoning in complex scenes. We begin to address these problems by constructing a new large-scale dataset with complex scenes rich in context. We then propose a context-aware saliency network that learns to explicitly exploit the semantic scene contexts of an image. We perform extensive experiments to demonstrate that our proposed network outperforms state-of-the-arts. The evaluation also show the effectiveness of leveraging high-level scene semantics for saliency detection in complex scenarios, while also transferring well to other existing datasets.
Aspectos emocionales de las personas mayores durante la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Iacub Ricardo , Kass Ana , Mansinho Mariana , Slipakoff Luciana , Herrmann Bárbara , Muro Mariana Gil de , Val Solange
Published: July 2022

En el marco de la pandemia, las personas mayores han sido identificadas como uno de los grupos en riesgo físico frente a la Covid-19. Esta razón motivó a la Cátedra de Psicología de la Tercera Edad y Vejez de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), a indagar acerca de los aspectos psicológicos y emocionales que pudieron verse afectados en esta franja etaria. Se diagramó una encuesta en la que se indagaron diferentes aspectos emocionales, como ser: el miedo, la ansiedad, la percepción de aburrimiento, la diversión, la tristeza, la irritabilidad /enojo, y los temores recurrentes frente a la muerte. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se pretendió describir la situación actual, de manera tal que mobilicen el diseño de abordajes que prioricen las necesidades de este grupo etario, en este contexto tan particular y sin antecedentes.
COVID 19 en la vejez institucionalizada: cuidados de las personas mayores en la frontera norte de México
Authors: Gutiérrez Cuéllar Paola Carmina , Hernández-Lara Oscar Gerardo
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de la investigación es explorar las condiciones de los alojamientos para personas mayores en donde reciben atención y cuidados, para mostrar sus capacidades de respuesta y manejo de la pandemia por Covid-19 que nos embistió a todos en el mundo. Se toma como caso de estudio la región de la frontera norte de México en donde los estudios al respecto de la vejez institucionalizada son aún escasos. El análisis se llevó a cabo con datos del Censo de Alojamientos de Asistencia Social del INEGI del 2020. Los hallazgos apuntan a condiciones materiales medianamente suficientes, pero no óptimas, servicios médicos y de la salud muy limitados y poco personal además de tener poca capacitación, lo que los deja desprotegidos frente a una crisis de salud, económica y social como la vivida. Se apunta a la necesidad de fortalecer tanto sus condiciones en infraestructura y servicios médicos, y sobre todo, el personal capacitado que pueda ofrecer servicios de mayor calidad.
A experiência da live de Lian Gong vivenciada por idosos de uma Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade
Authors: Maia Lucrecia Ferreira , Gutierrez Beatriz Aparecida Ozello , Chubaci Rosa Yuka Sato , Sousa Ana Maria de
Published: July 2022

O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender o que levou as pessoas 60+ a realizarem a prática on-line do Lian Gong e os benefícios percebidos com essa atividade. Foram entrevistadas 20 pessoas idosas inscritas no projeto Live Lian Gong 2020 – Programa USP 60+. A pesquisa foi a qualitativa fenomenológica social. O resultado elucidou que a motivação para a vivência dessa atividade na forma virtual ocorreu devido ao afeto favorecido no formato presencial e o sentimento de pertencimento proporcionado pela prática. Esta, em formato de live, aumentou o bem-estar e amenizou o distanciamento social.
The Portrayal of Moral Particularism in Alcoholic Beverages Investment Policy
Authors: Utungga Pasopati Rommel , Anadza Hirshi , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: July 2022

In the beginning of March 2021, President of Indonesia annulled alcoholic beverages investment policy which he put in decree about a week before. There were debates among experts and activists about how this investment should be done. Some believe that this decree may enhance local alcoholic beverages culture while others may reject it since the drinks are convinced to bring in bad effects to human beings. There are no universal moral statements, but particular ones, in this decree since people said in economic, cultural, and religious perspectives. Then, how may moral particularism be portrayed in alcoholic beverages investment policy in Indonesia? By examining concepts, theories, and written data, further analysis will be done to answer the question. Bureaucratic law, economic advantages, cultural indications, social impacts, and religious perspectives are the main tensions of this policy. Investment on alcoholic drinks as cultural indications may bring in economic advantages covered by bureaucratic law. However, any bureaucratic law will never omit possibilities of alcoholic abuse which will bring in negative impacts socially. Moreover, religious perspectives which are seen to be best guidance for people should be put above any law including prohibition of alcoholic drink. In conclusion, alcoholic beverages investment policy is the reflection of particularism rather than universal sights of moral conditions.
Pengaruh Latihan Pliometrik Terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Atlet Taekwondo Dojang Kodim 03/04 Agam Bukittinggi
Authors: Gusnelia Selvi , Hermanzoni Hermanzoni , Umar Umar , Setiawan Yogi
Published: July 2022

Masalah dalamnpenelitian ini yaitu masih rendahnya daya ledak atlet taekwondo dojang kodim 03/04 agam bukittinggi, sehingga kemampuan tendangan ke arah kepala kurang maksimal yang menyebabkan perolehan point saat pertandingan juga kurang maksimal. Tujuanldari penelitianliniladalahluntuklmengetahui dan memahami apakah ada pengaruhllatihan pliometrik terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot tungkai atlet Taekwondo Dojang Kodim 03/04 Agam Bukittinggi.Jenislpenelitian iniladalahleksperimen (eksperimen semu) dimana peneliti melakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh perlakuan terhadap variabel. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu 81 orang. Sampel yang diambil adalah sebanyak 7 orang sampel, yaitu 7 orang atlet putra kategori prestasi junior dengan rentang usia 14 tahun ke atas. Teknik analisis datalyang digunakanladalah analisisluji beda mean (uji t) denganltaraf signifikan α = 0,05. Hasillpenelitian yaitu diperoleh skor rata-rata pre-test yaitu 92,16 dan skor rata-rata untuk post test yaitu 100,54. Berdasarkan uji t diperoleh t hitung > t tabel  yaitu 5,23 > 2,44 artinya datalyang diperolehldari pre-test danlpost test adalah “signifikan”. Dari pernyataan tersebut dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruhllatihan pliometriklterhadap peningkatanldaya ledaklotot tungkailatlet Taekwondo Dojang Kodim 03/04 Agam Bukittinggi
Peran Orangtua terhadap Implementasi Karakter Atlet Sepakbola Usia Muda
Authors: Fitri Dian
Published: July 2022

Degradasi karakter yang bagian dari masalah peningkatan prestasi di SSB Talao Mundam. Atlet SSB Talao Mundam memiliki karakter yang buruk. seperti diantaranya sikap tidak disiplin baik ketika berlatih maupun saat akan mengikuti pertandingan, sikap saling ejek antar tim lawan, selain itu atlet SSB Talao Mundam sering bertengkar satu sama lain dan sikap saling menyalahkan saat kalah dalam pertandingan. Fakta bahwa baik buruknya karakter seorang atlet dipengaruhi oleh pola asuh orangtua dirumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai evaluasi pendidikan karakter pada pembinaan sepakbola di SSB Talao Mundam. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kualitatif, dengan 10 orangtua atlet sebagai sumber informasi. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet SSB Talao Mundam yang berusia 12 – 15 tahun. Adapun instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari wawancara. Dalam upaya pembentukan karakter sekaligus peningkatan prestasi sepakbola pada atlet usia muda, pentingnya peran orangtua dalam menciptakan situasi dan kondisi yang baik melalui implementasi nilai karakter agar mampu menghasilkan generasi yang berkualitas.
Efek Metode Pelatihan Blocked dan Random terhadap Peningkatan Teknik Dasar Bolavoli Pada Atlet Level Pemula
Authors: Arifin Bustanol , Saputra Setiya Yunus , Muzakki Abdurrohman , Setiawan Edi
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari metode pelatihan blocked dan random untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar bolavoli pada atlet level pemula. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan the static group pre-test–post-test design dan penelitian dilakukan selama 14 kali pertemuan dengan rincian seminggu tiga kali yaitu pada hari Selasa, Kamis dan Sabtu. Subjek dalam penelitian ini merupakan atlet bolavoli sebanyak 20 orang dari Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes servis, passing atas, passing bawah dan smash. Analisis data pre-test dan post-test menggunakan IBM SPSS 25 dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kedua metode pelatihan antara blocked dan random terbukti mempunyai efek yang signifikan untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar bolavoli pada atlet level pemula. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pelatihan blocked dan random mempunyai karakteristik latihan yang berbeda, namun keduanya dapat digunakan sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar bolavoli pada atlet level pemula.
Desain Video Pembelajaran Blended Learning Mata Kuliah
Authors: Sasmitha Weny
Published: July 2022

Mata kuliah pencak silat merupakan salah satu mata kuliah praktek wajib di FIK UNP. Tidak tersedianya media ajar yang sesuai dengan model dan metode pembelajaran yang digunakan merupakan masalah utama yang akan diselesaikan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media ajar (video) yang sesuai dengan model pembelajaran yang digunakan saat ini (blended learning) dan bisa digunakan dalam proses kegiatan pembelajaran. Tahapan/metode pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan ADDIE model yang memiliki 5 fase kegiatan yang saling berkaitan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di program studi pendidikan olahraga fakultas ilmu keolahragaan universitas negeri padang dengan jumlah responden uji coba produk sebanyak 200 orang mahasiswa dan 4 orang dosen pengguna. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara dan menggunakan angket. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif  kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah media ajar dapat digunakan pada pembelajaran pencak silat secara Blended learning (syncromous & asyncronous), terdiri atas 5 buah media audio visual (video) masing-masing berdurasi 5 menit dan telah memenuhi kategori Valid dan Praktis digunakan dalam mata kuliah pencak silat di Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Padang.
Komitmen Pengurus dalam Memajukan Organisasi Olahraga Special Olympic Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Eko , Hafiar Hanny , Setiawan Wawan
Published: July 2022

Komitmen memajukan organisasi merupakan sebuah keingingn yang harus dimiliki oleh para pengurus organisasi. Sebuah organisasi tidak akan mungkin berkembang menjadi lebih baik, jika tidak didukung oleh para pengurus organisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi dan komitmen pengurus organisasi dalam memajukan dan meningkatkan Special Olympic Indonesia (SOIna). Metode penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasional. Sampel diambil dengan non-probabilitas jenis snowball. Oleh karena itu diperoleh responden sebanyak 51, yang merupakan pengurus SOIna di seluruh Indonesia (pengurus pusat, provinsi dan kota/kabupaten). Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa terdapat sebuah hubungan antara motivasi dan komitmen pengurus organisasi dalam memajukan dan meningkatkan kualitas SOIna. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan sebuah implikasi penting untuk para pengurus dapat memiliki motivasi yang tinggi dalam mengurus organisasi SOIna. Penelitian ini hanya sebatas mengetahui hubungan motivasi dan komitmen berorganisasi dengan menggunakan angket sebagai alat ukurnya. Sehingga sangat direkomendasikan untuk masa depan dapat dilakukan penelitian lebih mendalam seperti studi kasus untuk mengetahui dan memperdalam hasil temuan yang diperoleh.
PREPARATION ASSISTANCE OF HOTS-BASED THEMATIC QUESTIONS FOR STUDENTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER EDUCATION (PGSD) PROGRAMME
Authors: Sumarah Ignatia Esti , Kencana Cipta Gilang
Published: July 2022

Based on the results of the mid-semester exams of Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students class of 2019 (class 6B and 6C) of Sanata Dharma University, researcher get data if they still have difficulty in making HOTS-based thematic questions. Therefore, the researcher collaborated with 4th grade teacher of Santa Angela Elementary School Bandung (graduated from S2 Biology Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia) to provide online assistance to students through high-end integrated learning courses (which is mastered by researcher). This research is a narrative research to describe (1) the strategy of preparing HOTS-based thematic questions in 4th grade Elementary Schools, (2) infographic analysis of HOTS-based thematic questions compiled by students, (3) the results of the trial of the infographic of these questions to 4th grade students of Santa Angela Elementary School Bandung.
PENYALURAN BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI DANA DESA (BLT-DD) DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA PEWISOA JAYA KABUPATEN KOLAKA
Authors: Musdalifah  , La Ode Asrun Azis R  , Firdaus
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the practice of distributing the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT-DD) program during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pewisoa Jaya Village, Tanggetada District, Kolaka Regency. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection methods through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the BLT-DD program during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pewisoa Jaya Village, Tanggetada District, Kolaka Regency, has not gone well, this can be seen from the determination of the names of Family Cards (KK) as BLT-DD recipients that are not correct. target. In this case, in Pewisoa Jaya Village, there was never any updating of the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS) even though they visited people's homes to collect community data as potential recipients of BLT-DD. The achievement of the objectives of the program policy in Pewisoa Jaya Village has not run optimally, because there are still people who are in the capable category and have received other social assistance but whose names are registered again as BLT-DD recipients, while there are still many poor people who have never been touched by social assistance. so that the objectives of the BLT-DD program have not been fully targeted.
Does concurrent gynaecological surgery affect infectious complications rate after mastectomy with implant-based reconstruction?
Authors: Pislar Nina , Peric Barbara , Ahcan Uros , Cencelj-Arnez Romi , Zgajnar Janez , Perhavec Andraz
Published: July 2022

Background

Women who undergo breast cancer surgery often have an indication for gynaecological procedure. The aim of our study was to compare infectious complications rate after mastectomy with implant-based reconstruction in patients with and without concurrent gynaecological procedure.

Patients and methods

We retrospectively reviewed clinical records of 159 consecutively operated patients after mastectomy with implant-based reconstruction. The patients were divided in 2 groups: 102 patients without (Group1) and 57 with (Group 2) concurrent gynaecological procedure. Infectious complications rates between the groups were compared using χ2-test. Logistic regression was performed to test for association of different variables with infectious complications.

Results

There were 240 breast reconstructions performed. Median follow-up time was 297 days (10–1061 days). Mean patient age was 47.2 years (95% CI 32.8–65.9); 48.2 years (95% CI 46.1–50.3) in Group 1 and 45.8 years (95% CI 43.2–48.3) in Group 2; p = 0.002). Infectious complications rate was 17.6% (17.6% vs. 17.5%, p = 0.987), implant loss occurred in 5.7% (4.9% vs. 7.0%, p = 0.58). Obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 30 kg/m2), age, previous breast conserving treatment (BCT) with radiotherapy (RT) were identified as risk factors for infectious complications in univariate analysis. Obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.319, 95% CI 1.085–10.157, p = 0.036) and BCT with RT (aOR 7.481, 95% CI 2.230–25.101, p = 0.001) were independently associated with infectious complications in multivariate model.

Conclusions

Concurrent gynaecological procedure for patients undergoing mastectomy with implant-based reconstruction did not carry an increased risk for infectious complications.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНОГО МЕНТАЛИТЕТА В ЭТНОЛОГИИ
Authors: Сем Т.Ю.
Published: July 2022

Статья посвящена обзору основных подходов к определению сущности и границ понятия «менталитет» в отечественной и зарубежной исследовательской практике – от начала XX в. до современности. Автор отмечает, что в определении этого феномена наметилось несколько направлений – психологическое, социологическое, культурологическое, социально-антропологическое, семиотическое и др. Значимую роль в попытках очертить границы понятия «менталитет» играют связанные с ним понятия «картина мира» и «историческая память». Ключевые слова: менталитет, французская историография, российская этнология
АННА ВАСИЛЬЕВНА СМОЛЯК И ЗАГАДКА ШАМАНСКОГО ТРАНСА
Authors: Березницкий С.В.
Published: July 2022

Анна Васильевна Смоляк (1920–2003) заслуженно считается отечественными и иностранными учеными крупнейшим специалистом по истории и этнографии коренных народов Нижнего Амура и Сахалина. Более полувека она занималась полевыми и теоретическими исследованиями этногенеза, этнической истории, социальной организации, материальной культуры и хозяйства, промыслов, верований и праздников айнов, нанайцев, негидальцев, нивхов, орочей, ульчей, ороков/ульта, удэгейцев, эвенков и эвенов. Относительно всех аспектов культуры этих этносов А.В. Смоляк высказывала свои оригинальные взгляды, которые нередко вызывали научные дискуссии. В частности, до сих пор окончательно не решена проблема шаманского транса, подтверждений наличия которого А.В. Смоляк не находила у своих многочисленных информантов на Амуре. Данная статья является попыткой предложить один из вариантов решения этой загадки. Ключевые слова: А.В. Смоляк, коренные народы Амура, шаманство, трансперсональные состояния
РОЛЬ ЧАСТНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В СНАБЖЕНИИ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА РОССИИ СОЛЬЮ (1860-е – 1890-е гг.)
Authors: Устюгова О.А.
Published: July 2022

В статье рассматривается участие предпринимателей в системе государственного обеспечения солью населения Дальнего Востока России в 1860-х – 1890-х гг. Снабжение осуществлялось из запасных магазинов и стоек, в которых хранилась заготовленная казной соль, продававшаяся населению по доступной цене. Для пополнения запасов государство заключало с предпринимателями договоры подряда на поставки или закупало имевшиеся у них излишки коммерческим способом. Автор исследует источники и объемы поставок соли, а также состав предпринимателей, участвовавших в снабжении региона этим продуктом. Особое внимание уделено анализу инициатив чиновников, стремившихся трансформировать систему поставок соли, передав ее в руки частного капитала. Ключевые слова: Дальний Восток, продовольственное снабжение, торговля, соль, предприниматели
УГОЛЬНАЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТЬ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА В ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПЕРИОД (1922–1928 гг.)
Authors: Павленко О.К.
Published: July 2022

В статье рассматриваются проблемы развития угольной промышленности Дальнего Востока в 1920-е гг., выявляются условия и особенности функционирования угольных предприятий в период восстановления народного хозяйства. Автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на трудности, актуальные для угольной отрасли Дальнего Востока в 1922–1928 гг., региональному руководству удалось осуществить полный переход угледобычи в государственный сектор, разрешить наиболее остро стоявшие проблемы и таким образом заложить основы для дальнейшего роста угольной промышленности региона. Ключевые слова: Дальний Восток, угольная промышленность, восстановление экономики, НЭП
Субсидии как инструмент стимулирования инвестиционной привлекательности регионов Японии
Authors: НАУМОВА Инна Юрьевна , ПАНТЕЛЕЕВА Марина Васильевна
Published: July 2022

Актуальность статьи обусловлена важностью изучения опыта современной Японии по оптимизации распределения бюджетных ресурсов в рамках программ стимулирования инвестиционной активности. Целью работы является изучение структуры субсидий, предоставляемых центральным правительством и органами местного самоуправления Японии для улучшения инвестиционного климата. В целях привлечения капиталовложений японских и иностранных инвесторов, создающих в регионах новые предприятия и рабочие места, учреждаются особые экономические зоны; субсидируются кредитные ставки, налоговые выплаты, а также целый ряд затрат инвесторов (издержки на административные процедуры, аренду недвижимости, подбор персонала и т.п.). Ключевые слова: субсидии, Япония, территориальное социально-экономическое развитие, привлечение инвестиций
Фёдор Альбертович Дербек и Лесные люди удэхе – дополнение к истории исследования Дальнего Востока России
Authors: ЭБЕРХАРД Игорь
Published: July 2022

Перевод статьи Игоря Эберхарда, австрийского ученого и журналиста, посвящен жизненному пути, вкладу в науку талантливого исследователя Дальнего Востока Фёдору Альбертовичу Дербеку. Достоверная информация о Дербеке сохранилась преимущественно на немецком языке; на немецком написана и его монография "Лесные люди удэхе. Экспедиции в Приамурье и Уссурийском крае", опубликованная в 1956 году в Германии под псевдонимом Фридрих Альберт. Статья поможет восполнить информацию об этом удивительном человеке с непростой судьбой и устранить значительное число неточной информации в опубликованных в России статьях о Ф. А. Дербеке. Ключевые слова: этнографические и гидрографические исследования, В.К. Арсеньев, Ф.А. Дербек, коренные жители Дальнего Востока России, удэхе (удэгейцы), монография "Лесные люди удэхе", публикации Ф.А. Дербека в Австрии
"Идеи Си Цзиньпина" в контексте глобальной проблемы "плохого управления"
Authors: НЕЖДАНОВ Владимир Львович
Published: July 2022

В отечественной и зарубежной научно-исследовательской среде продолжается поиск эмпирических объяснений феномена "плохого управления" ("bad governance") в теоретическом и сравнительном контексте. При этом пятое поколение руководителей Коммунистической партии Китая и Китайской Народной Республики, возглавляемое Си Цзиньпином, делает акцент на важности развития и укрепления теории и практики управления, которые можно представить как иерархию предпринимаемых действий по установлению более качественной практики управления на уровне партии, государства и системы международных отношений. В рамках данной работы автор предпринимает попытку рассмотреть "Идеи Си Цзиньпина", как пример "хорошего управления" через призму феномена "плохого управления" в контексте современного состояния системы международных отношений. Проведя анализ содержания принципов и концепций "Идей Си Цзиньпина", автор приходит к выводу о возможности вести речь относительно формирования подходов к противодействию "плохому управлению" как с неолиберальной точки зрения, так и с точки зрения китаизированного марксизма, при том что современная идеологическая система КПК не игнорирует проблему "плохого управления", а теоретизирует каждый из элементов названного феномена по отдельности. Ключевые слова: Идеи Си Цзиньпина, плохое управление, управление, Китай, Коммунистическая партия Китая, международные отношения нового типа
Two New Records of Species and A New Synonym of Genus Typhonium (Araceae) For Flora of Indochina
Authors: Du Nguyen Van , Anh Nguyen Thi Van , Tien Tran Van , Toan Le Chi
Published: July 2022

Two species of the genus Typhonium are described as the new species for the Flora of Indochina. T. cordifolium was discovered for the first time in Cambodia and Vietnam and T. khonkaenensis was found for the first time in Vientian of Laos. In the paper, the name T. rhizomatosum Galloway & Schmidt is recorded as a new synonym of T. cordifolium S. Y. Hu, while T. khonkaenensis is confirmed as a separated species in the genus Typhonium.
Synthesis of Nanoplatelet Zinc Borate and its Combination with Expandable Graphite and Red Phosphorus as Flame Retardants for Polypropylene
Authors: Doanh Truong Cong , Nhung Hac Thi , Hanh Nguyen Thi , Hien Nguyen Thi Thu , Dat Doan Tien , Tan Vu Minh , Ha Hoang Mai
Published: July 2022

The zinc borate nanoparticles (2ZnO.3B2O3.3H2O) were successfully prepared by precipitation reaction in aqueous solutions of borax and zinc sulfate using oleic acid as a surfactant. The structural, morphological characteristics and the wettability of the particle surface were studied through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the contact angle. The hydrophobic zinc borate (n-ZB) had nanoplatelet morphology with a diameter of 1.0 - 1.5 µm and thickness of about 90 nm. Nano zinc borate showed a synergistic influence with expandable graphite (EG) and red phosphorus (RP) on the flame retardant properties and thermo-oxidative stability of polypropylene (PP). The nanocomposite 7n-ZB/7RP/7EG/PP achieved the V-1 UL94 verticle burning test with a limited oxygen index of 23.7% and the char yield of 14.67 wt.% at 900 oC. Furthermore, the fire retardant performance and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites loading ZB nanoparticles were improved compared with the composites employing commercial ZB microparticles.
Resiliensi Usaha Cafe di Denpasar pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Budi , Kamajaya Gede
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research was to examine the dimensions of the resilience of cafes as a business in Denpasar City during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research adopts a qualitative approach, while the theory that is used as the analytic tool are the theory of resilience, rational choice, and habitus modality. Through research that has been carried out, found out that various cafe strategies in Denpasar City have been found to maintain business continuity during the pandemic, including intensifying promotions on social media, providing discounts and product bundling, holding certain events, and implementing a shift work system for employees. The owners or managers of cafe businesses also seem to optimize the various capitals they have, such as social capital, economic capital, cultural capital, or symbolic capital. The resilience of cafe business owners or managers in Denpasar City is reflected in the dimensions of compensation, dimensions of protection, and their ability to face challenges during the pandemic.
Sprektrum Perencanaan Pembangunan dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan oleh Pemerintah Desa
Authors: Sutopo Dhanny Septimawan , Shabrina Dania Nur
Published: July 2022

Abstract

This research aims to find out the poverty alleviation conducted by the village government through the implementation of development planning in Ngroto Village. The village government has an obligation to carry out its duties in carrying out village development which is then listed in the Village Medium Term Development Planning (RPJM Desa). Ngroto Village, Pujon Subdistrict, Malang Regency is one of the villages that has problems at a high poverty level, namely in 2011 reached 477 Family Cards (KK) based on BPS Malang Regency. However, currently poverty has been successfully eradicated by the village government as evidenced by the number of poor people who are only 27 families. This research was compiled using qualitative research method with intrinsic case study approach. The results of this study show that the efforts of the Ngroto Village Government in improving the accessibility and capabilities of the community are the main factors so that poverty alleviation can be successful. In addition, in the process of implementing or preparing development planning, the Ngroto Village Government prioritizes collaborative and participatory aspects with the community so that the development carried out can be on target.
Variation in the oil content in different parts of clove bud and from different geographical regions
Authors: Bhosle Riya , Dighe Shraddha , Kute Drushti , Ahuja Gopaal , Ahuja Ganesh , Laddha Kirti
Published: July 2022

This study determined the difference in oil content from separated parts of clove buds, full bud with crown, clove bud without crown and dust (stamen and style), and only crown along with dust from market sample. Results showed that the highest oil content in clove bud without a crown. Oil yield varied in clove buds from different geographical regions wherein, Madagascar showed the highest amount of oil.
Nutmeg with yellow arils-potential tree spice with high essential oil content
Authors: Govind M G , Ananthakrishnan R , Dan Mathew , Madhukrishnan M , Radhakrishnan K V , Rameshkumar K B
Published: July 2022

The mace derived from the arils of Myristica fragrans, is red in colour, whereas the present study reports the evaluation of Myristica fragrans with yellow arils. Morphological features of fruits of M. fragrans with yellow arils and that of common red aril variant from cultivated locations in Kerala, South India, were similar. The average mace yield was higher for the yellow arils (2.5 kg plant-1) than the red arils (2.0 kg plant-1). The volatile chemical profiling revealed that the essential oil yield of the yellow mace (19.3% v/w) was more than twofold higher than standard red mace (9.2% v/w). GC-MS analysis showed that the distribution of monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and phenylpropanoids were similar in both the varieties, except for the percentage distribution. The major constituents of mace of both the red and yellow types were α-pinene, and sabinene followed by elemicin and safrole. Though an exotic species, M. fragrans has been naturalized in south India, and several high-yielding varieties have been reported from the region. The present study highlights nutmeg with yellow arils as a potential spice crop with high oil yield.
The effect of processing parameters on the wear properties Al6061/GNP composites produced by hot pressing
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Türker , ÇELİK Sare , ASLAN Nail , ATİK Enver
Published: July 2022

In the present study, the effect of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforcement in Aluminum material at different rates was investigated on tribological properties. In this scope, the samples were produced by the hot press under determining different production parameters. The wear characteristics of the composites were determined using the ball-on disc wear test method. Ball on disc wear test showed that the Al6061/GNPs composite which was produced with the addition of 1 wt% GNPs, a sintering temperature of 600 °C, and a sintering time of 45 min, had the best wear resistance. Thanks to the GNPs reinforcement, a 61 % reduction in wear rate was achieved when compared to the non-reinforced Al material. The effects of the production parameters on the friction coefficient were investigated using the Taguchi method and it was determined that the most important parameter affecting the friction coefficients of the composites was the wt % GNPs addition. The results showed that the addition of GNPs is an important reinforcing material that reduces the wear rate when added to the structure at certain rates.
Predicting the Partitioning Behavior of Per- and Poly-Alkyl Substances (PFAS) on Liquid-Solid Interface for Carbon and Mineral Based Surfaces using Multivariate Linear Regression Models with K-Fold Cross Validation.
Authors: Patel Harsh , Park Hyo-shin , Zhao Renzun
Published: July 2022

Computational data science , especially the machine learning approach has been a major contribution to the field of engineering. In this study, data mining and machine learning were practiced estimating the partitioning of Per- and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) compounds during aqueous adsorption on various adsorbent materials with a vision to potentially replace the time-consuming and labor-intensive adsorption experiments. Regression models, such as linear, tree, support vector machine (SVM), ensemble of trees, and gaussian process regression (GPR) models were trained and tested using previously published data. 290 data points and 170 data points for activated carbon and mineral adsorbents, respectively, were mined for training the models and 10 data points were used to test the trained models. Statistical parameters, such as Root-Mean-Square Error (RSME), R-Squared, Mean Average Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), etc., were used to compare the regression models. It was found that rational quadratic GPR (R-squared = 0.9966) and fine regression tree (R-Squared = 0.9427) models had the highest estimation accuracy for carbon-based and mineral-based adsorbents, respectively. These models were then validated for prediction accuracy using 10 data points from previous studies as an outer test set. Rational quadratic GPR was able to achieve 99% prediction accuracy for carbon-based adsorbent, while fine tree regression model was able to achieve 94% prediction accuracy. Despite such high estimation accuracy, the data mining process revealed the data shortage and the need for more research on PFAS adsorption to present real-world models. This study, as one of the first, shed a light on the determination of key parameters in aquatic chemistry with data mining and machine learning approaches.
Cavity-Free Quantum-Electrodynamic Electron Transfer Reactions
Authors: Wei Yu-Chen , Hsu Liang-Yan
Published: July 2022

Richard Feynman stated that ‘The theory behind chemistry is quantum electrodynamics’. However, harnessing quantum-electrodynamic (QED) effects to modify chemical reactions is a grand challenge and currently has only been reported in experiments using cavities due to the limitation of strong light-matter coupling. In this article, we demonstrate that QED effects can significantly enhance the rate of electron transfer (ET) reactions by several orders of magnitude in the absence of cavities, which is implicitly supported by experimental reports. To understand how cavity-free QED effects are involved in ET reactions, we incorporate the effect of infinite one-photon states into Marcus theory, derive an explicit expression for the rate of radiative ET, and develop the concept of “electron transfer overlap”. Moreover, QED effects may lead to a barrier-free ET reaction in which the rate is dependent on the energy-gap power law. This study thus provides new insights into fundamental chemical principles, with promising prospects for QED-based chemical reactions.
a coarse-grained molecular dynamics description of docetaxel-conjugate release from plga matrices
Authors: Pannuzzo Martina , Felici Alessia , Decuzzi Paolo
Published: July 2022

Despite the extensive use of poly-lactic-glycolic-acid (PLGA) in biomedical applications, computational research on the mesoscopic characterization of PLGA-based delivery systems is limited. In this study, a computational model for PLGA is proposed, developed, and validated for the reproducibility of transport properties that can influence drug release, the rate of which remains difficult to control. For computational efficiency, coarse-grained models of the molecular components under consideration are built using the MARTINI force field version 2.2. The translocation free energy barrier 〖ΔG〗_t^* across the PLGA matrix in the aqueous phase of docetaxel and derivatives of varying size and solubility is predicted via Molecular Dynamics simulations and compared with the experimental release data. The thermodynamic quantity 〖ΔG〗_t^* anticipate, if predicted via simulations, and can help to explain the release kinetics of hydrophobic compounds from the PLGA matrix, albeit within the limit of a drug concentration below a critical aggregation concentration. In addition, this study provides a viable approach for optimizing the particle coating with ligands having desired orientation and stability.
Glass exagia from Stobi | Steklene uteži (exagia) iz Stobija
Authors: Dimitar Nikolovski
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the glass weights discovered during the excavation between 2009 and 2012, contextually belonging to the last stage of organized and urban life in Stobi. There are three circular glass weights used for measuring golden coins. The glass weights were discovered in similar contexts chronologically: one was discovered in one of the dwellings constructed between the radial and circular walls of the summa cavea of the Theater after it went out of use, the second one in a storage unit that was part of the shops and workshops behind the Semicircular Court, and the third in the Residential and Commercial quarter.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills Berbantuan Aplikasi "Kahoot!" Pada Kompetensi Dasar Menerapkan Penanganan Surat Masuk Dan Surat Keluar Jurusan OTKP Di SMK Negeri 2 Buduran
Authors: Jannah Kunuzil , Pahlevi Triesninda
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop assessment instruments based on higher order thinking skills aided by Kahoot! on the basic competencies of applying the handling of incoming and outgoing letters, analyzing the appropriateness of assessment instruments based on the higher order thinking skills developed, analyzing students 'high-level thinking skills, analyzing students' responses to the use of the Kahoot! application, and knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the Kahoot! application. This study uses Sugiyono's development model with 7 steps of development.. The research subjects consisted of 73 class X students majoring in OTKP SMK Negeri 2 Buduran. The assessment instruments developed were in the form of 20 multiple choice questions. Based on the results of the study, the validity of the assessment instruments was more than 0.227 and the reliability was 0.714. The assessment instruments have also fulfilled the test of the difficulty level of the questions, the differentiation of the questions, and the question deception. The average high-level thinking ability of students is in the "good" category and students give a "very positive" response to the use of Kahoot! by 96%. Kahoot's strength! among others, have an interesting appearance and background music, and there are variations in the form of quizzes. As for Kahoot's shortcomings! among others, the choice of answers consists only of 4 options and there are limited characters in filling in the questions and answers.