bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Early Death in Elderly Cancer Patients: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sena Gabrielle Ribeiro , Lima Tiago Pessoa Ferreira , Mello Maria Julia Gonçalves , Thuler Luiz Claudio Santos , Lima Jurema Telles Oliveira
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND

The importance of classifying cancer patients into high- or low-risk groups has led many research teams, from the biomedical and bioinformatics fields, to study the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms. The International Society of Geriatric Oncology recommends the use of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), a multidisciplinary tool to evaluate health domains, for the follow-up of elderly cancer patients. However, no applications of ML have been proposed using CGA to classify elderly cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to propose and develop predictive models, using ML and CGA, to estimate the risk of early death in elderly cancer patients.

METHODS

The ability of ML algorithms to predict early mortality in a cohort involving 608 elderly cancer patients was evaluated. The CGA was conducted during admission by a multidisciplinary team and included the following questionnaires: mini-mental state examination (MMSE), geriatric depression scale-short form, international physical activity questionnaire-short form, timed up and go, Katz index of independence in activities of daily living, Charlson comorbidity index, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS), polypharmacy, and mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF). The 10-fold cross-validation algorithm was used to evaluate all possible combinations of these questionnaires to estimate the risk of early death, considered when occurring within 6 months of diagnosis, in a variety of ML classifiers, including Naive Bayes (NB), decision tree algorithm J48 (J48), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). On each fold of evaluation, tiebreaking is handled by choosing the smallest set of questionnaires.

RESULTS

It was possible to select CGA questionnaire subsets with high predictive capacity for early death, which were either statistically similar (NB) or higher (J48 and MLP) when compared with the use of all questionnaires investigated. These results show that CGA questionnaire selection can improve accuracy rates and decrease the time spent to evaluate elderly cancer patients.

CONCLUSIONS

A simplified predictive model aiming to estimate the risk of early death in elderly cancer patients is proposed herein, minimally composed by the MNA-SF and KPS. We strongly recommend that these questionnaires be incorporated into regular geriatric assessment of older patients with cancer.
Cost impact of the transitional care model for hospitalized cognitively impaired older adults
Authors: Pauly Mark V , Hirschman Karen B , Hanlon Alexandra L , Huang Liming , Bowles Kathryn H , Bradway Christine , McCauley Kathleen , Naylor Mary D
Published: September 2018

Aim:
The goal of this study was to compare postacute care costs of three care management interventions.
Materials & methods:
A total of 202 hospitalized older adults with cognitive impairment received either Augmented Standard Care, Resource Nurse Care or the Transitional Care Model. The Lin method was used to estimate costs at 30 and 180 days postindex hospital discharge.
Results:
The Transitional Care Model had significantly lower costs than the Augmented Standard Care group at both 30 (p < 0.001) and 180 days (p = 0.03) and significantly lower costs than Resource Nurse Care at 30 days (p = 0.02).
Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the Transitional Care Model can reduce both the amount of other postacute care and the total cost of care compared with alternative services for cognitively impaired older adults.
Clinicaltrials.gov
: NCT00294307.
Using Evaluation to Motivate Students in an Extensive Reading Program
Authors: Quinn Kelly
Published: September 2018

Extensive reading, sometimes referred to as Free Reading or Book Flood is a system of language instruction where students are encouraged to read a large volume of level appropriate material. According to Wodinsky & Nation (1998) extensive reading should focus on comprehension of the material and enjoyment. Students choose what they want to read and are not compelled to read or finish books that they find uninteresting. One of the founding principles of the original proponents of extensive reading is that the pleasure of reading “is its own reward,” Day & Bamford (1998) and so assessment should be minimized or eliminated entirely. As extensive reading has gained in popularity, this premise has been challenged. This presentation compares two reading classes, one where students read without evaluation of their comprehension and one where students, after completing the book, had to take a short quiz to test their understanding. The goal of the project was to see the effect of evaluation on the amount of reading that students did. While the best students read an equivalent or greater amount without evaluation than they did when reading with evaluation, some students read much less. The presentation will explain the background for the study, materials used and method of evaluation. Finally, it will offer some possible explanation of why certain students might require evaluation for motivation.
Willingness to Communicate from Indonesian Learners’ Perspective
Authors: Fadilah Eka
Published: September 2018

The present study is aimed at investigating dynamic complex systems and sub-systems underlying students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) in the classroom context. The fact that students’ reticence still arises during the classroom discussion until to date. It is insufficient to see students’ willingness to communicate from a single perspective. Seen from dynamic complex theory, the present study postulates the systems and sub-systems underlying students’ willingness to communicate in L2 that are dynamic and interconnected one to another. I conducted a naturalistic inquiry by investigating eight Indonesian university students (4 low English proficiency students and 4 high English proficiency students). A number of research instruments (face to face interview, online interview, and students’ log) were used to collect the data with regard to the students’ participation in the classroom. The finding reveals that classroom systems such as social and classroom context, linguistic competence, individual differences, and cultural context affect participants’ WTC in L2. Those systems encompass some sub-systems interacting and interconnecting one to another that affect classroom communication in second language.
Apresentação
Authors: Guillen Isabel Martins , Neves da Silva Augusto
Published: September 2018

A CLIO: Revista de Pesquisa Histórica tem uma longa tradição na publicação de estudos sobre os oitocentos, e recebemos sempre artigos livres sobre o período. Neste volume, apresentamos aos leitores alguns artigos recebidos que tem em comum o estudo do século XIX, abordando estudos sobre economia e crédito, sobre política liberal e sobre sociabilidades. De uma forma não tão sutil, o leitor verá que os estudos se imbricam em várias questões, como a escravidão e a discussão sobre o trabalho, as estratégias do mercado para conseguir capitais que financiassem atividades econômicas para além da economia de exportação, tudo isso permeado pela discussão política na qual o liberalismo aparece como matriz ideológica, apesar da diversidade de posições que poderia encetar.
A alocação da riqueza na Zona da Mata mineira. São Paulo do Muriahé, 1846-1888
Authors: Schettini der Andrade Vitória Fernanda
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho terá a função de analisar a alocação da riqueza produzida em São Paulo do Muriahé, uma freguesia agrária da Zona da Mata mineira, durante meados à finais do século XIX. Para esta pesquisa estaremos consultando os inventários post-mortemexistentes no Fórum Tabelião Pacheco de Medeiros, em Muriaé, por acreditar que podemos abrir um debate para um maior entendimento desse espaço que antes da ocupação pelo homem branco era local reservado, principalmente, a negros fugitivos e a índios, conforme documentação analisada na matriz São Paulo.
Muito além do abandono: infâncias perigosas e a “justiça tutelar” em Pernambuco (1888-1892)
Authors: Barros Gabriel Navarro
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo busca compreender a atuação da justiça tutelar diante do universo de meninas e meninos compreendidos pelo Estado como “potencialmente perigosos”, em Pernambuco, entre os anos 1888 e 1892. Analisando fontes jurídicas e jornais, sugerimos uma reflexão acerca da excessiva utilização do conceito de abandono. Nosso estudo permite a compreensão de uma diversidade de categorias de infantes na época, reconhecidas pela justiça (especialmente pelos Juízes de Órfãos) e por instituições assistenciais a fim de identificar uma variedade de meninos e meninas como “riscos sociais”.
Os folcloristas e a construção do repentista como um dos símbolos de nordeste
Authors: Filgueira Cícero Renan Nascimento
Published: September 2018

O repente de viola passou por modificações no seu mecanismo de atuação entre o fim do século XIX até por volta do início de 1950, identificadas, assim, em uma série de mudanças que corroborou para um projeto de profissionalização do repentista e surgimento dos congressos (torneios). A partir da década de 1920 é identificada uma migração acentuada de repentistas para as grandes cidades, na qual, nesse momento, os trabalhos dos folcloristas em defesa do cantador como símbolo de um Nordeste que surgia e como estes representavam aqueles em suas obras torna-se de fundamental importância para entender as mudanças na dinâmica da cantoria.
Frei Betto e as cartas da prisão: a edificação de um projeto memorialístico
Authors: Santos Bruno Dias
Published: September 2018

O monopólio da memória da ditadura civil-militar brasileira é disputado ferozmente por militantes de esquerda e militares desde a deposição do presidente João Goulart em 1964. No entanto, já se avalia que ­­ essa batalha se estende ao interior desses grupos (por não serem monolíticos). Dessa forma, a análise das cartas de frei Betto busca compreender o trabalho de edificação de seu projeto memorialístico sobre o período, de maneira a ressaltar como a memória foi utilizada pelo autor para se posicionar diante dos conflitos que marcaram seu contexto de produção. Pretende-se rastrear as estratégias discursivas desenvolvidas pelo escritor para reivindicar o estatuto de verdade à sua narrativa perante as versões dos adversários políticos e dos companheiros de militância.
Contracultura e transgressão: uma análise do álbum “tropicalia ou panis et circencis” (1968)
Authors: Silva Bruno Sanches Mariante , Gonçalves Jessica Yohana
Published: September 2018

O movimento tropicalista é um exemplo significativo das manifestações culturais que marcaram a década de 1960 no Brasil. A influência mútua aproximou músicos que sentiam-se desafiados à crítica cultural do período. O presente artigo intenta mostrar a Tropicália como um movimento de contracultura que se propôs a evidenciar certas práticas e costumes conservadores da sociedade brasileira, bem como a transgredi-los.  A crítica proposta no álbum vai além daquela endereçada às forças repressoras do Estado-militar, e abrangem as posturas conservadoras no âmbito musical, estético, comportamental e sexual. Lançado no ano de 1968 o disco-manifesto coletivo Tropicália ou panis et circenses, representa um novo momento na canção brasileira: a abertura explícita aos diálogos culturais. O estudo de algumas canções desse disco-manifesto é o que impulsiona esse estudo.
“O cinema falado é o grande culpado da transformação”: a chegada do cinema sonoro em Pernambuco (1930)
Authors: Nascimento Arthur Gustavo Lira do
Published: September 2018

Com a chegada do cinema sonoro norte-americano às salas de cinema recifenses, a cinematografia local, ainda produzindo filmes silenciosos, perde seu espaço.  O cinema mudo pernambucano foi então ofuscado pelas inovações técnicas e dificuldades financeiras. Visto as inúmeras reivindicações dos cineastas brasileiros, o governo de Getúlio Vargas, iniciado em 1930, vai buscar incentivar o cinema nacional através de leis e financiamentos voltados às produções brasileiras. No Recife, os cineastas locais encontraram nos curtas-metragens, documentários e filmes propagandísticos uma possibilidade de fazer cinema. Este artigo tem por finalidade discutir a chegada do cinema sonoro em Pernambuco e as transformações ocasionadas por este processo.
O perfil social dos juízes de fora da capitania de Mato Grosso (século XVIII): famílias, matrimônio e carreiras)
Authors: Almeida Gustavo Balbueno de
Published: September 2018

As instituições político/administrativa e também a justiça no período do Antigo Regime português vem sendo alvo de estudos há pouco mais de vinte anos no que se refere aos diversos pontos do Império português, reino ou ultramar, entre os séculos XV e XIX. Um deles é o juizado de fora, cargo de justiça proeminentemente português e que foi levado para outros pontos do Império, com o objetivo de cercear a atividade das elites locais exercendo a justiça e presidindo a câmara dos vereadores. Partindo da ideia de que, além das instituições, deve-se estudar também os homens que ocuparam os mesmos cargos, o objetivo desse artigo é apresentar um perfil social dos juízes de fora da capitania do Mato Grosso. Serão  analisadas informações sobre suas vidas pessoais, além do desenrolar da carreira destes após cumprirem o tempo do cargo na capitania do Mato Grosso.
Structure and development of science communication research: co-citation analysis of a developing field
Authors: Rauchfleisch Adrian , Schäfer Mike S.
Published: September 2018

Since the early 1990s, there has been a considerable increase in the number of scientific studies on science communication, and this increase has been accompanied by a diversification of the research field. This study focuses on one aspect of this development: it analyses how citation network structures within the field have developed over time, and whether science communication research shows signs of becoming a research field or a discipline in its own right. Employing a co-citation analysis of scholarly publications published between 1996 and 2015, it assesses to what extent a coherent communication network exists within science communication research. The results show a field with a diverse internal structure and clear internal changes over time which suggest an increasing emancipation of the field.
Town-Planning Conception of the Livadia Palace and Park Ensemble
Authors: Slyunkova Inessa N.
Published: September 2018

The work is devoted to the town-planning heritage of Livadia. For the first time, relying on the graphic design sources of the 1860s and the turn of the XIX - XX centuries, the history of the formation of the ensemble of the new and second after Oreanda imperial residence in the Crimea is revealed. The content and characteristics of the imperial private order in post-reform Russia are considered. The central place is occupied by the design of the ensemble, its functional structure and boundaries, the architectural and spatial development of the territories, the principles of planning and development the issues of park construction and the use of the naturallandscape.In the era of historicism and national romanticism, a new trend in the arrangement of the privatelife of Russian monarchs was the appeal to the examples and traditions of the Russian aristocratic manor. The estate of Livadia, with the established complex of a noble manor, was bought by Alexander II from the heirs of Count L.S. Pototsky and presented to the Empress Maria Alexandrovna. The subject of the study is the town-planning transformation aimed at adapting and further developing the ensemble in order to accommodate the royal famty, the court the retinue, and the extensive system of services.Livadia reconstruction can be divided into two stages. The first is connected with the most intensive transformations of the environment carried out in 1862-1866 undertheleadership of I.A. Monighetti. The architect proposed the concept of a dispersed system of resettlement and placement of new building complexes outside the front of the estate core - auxiliary household military and other services of the residence. An integral part of the plan was road construction and development of infrastructure along with new sections of territories within the boundaries ofland ownershipThe second stage of active construction in Livadia occurred in 1869 - the beginning of the 1880s, and it was mainty directed to social programs. It was the erection of the second church of the estate in the midst of settlement complexes for personnel of the residence services; school for 120 people, etc. The principles of park construction extended to each of the peripheral sections and complexes. The system of water supp^ along with the engineering and technical support service of the estate and surrounding settlements were created. Livadia resembled a city-residence and a city-garden.For the first time the general plans of Livadia that reveal the scale of architectural transformations during the period of possession of the royal family are published.
The Moscow Central Circle as a Catalyst for Change of Residential Mobility
Authors: Vlasov Denis N. , Bakhirev Igor A.
Published: September 2018

Upgrading of a city planning structure, development of its infrastructure and implementation of integrated programs for transport policy refinement cause changes in the scenarios of the behavior of residents. Scenarios of transport behavior are one of the most important aspects that are taken into account in the process of city model formation and in turn, are used to develop scenarios of the urban area development One of the most important ways of tracking changes in the behavior of residents is a sociological survey of the transport services consumers. This publication is devoted to the survey of passengers on a new type of high-speed city rail in Moscow - the Moscow Central ring (formerly known as the Small ring of the Moscow railway), statistical and analytical processing of the obtained results.
Regarding the Role of the Spatial Development Strategy in he Territorial Planning System of the Russian Federation
Authors: Lebedinskaya Galina A.
Published: September 2018

planning; proofs are the existence of a plan three-dimensionality of space, methods of its description and structuring (transport natural frameworks, etc.). The spatial development strategy is essential^ an integral conceptual part of the territorial planning, the consistency and direction of the development of space, the choice of priority directions for the development of territorial and economic systems the establishment of the ratio of urbanized and natural territories that ensure their sustainable development At the same time, the spatial development strategy as a part of the territorial planning system of the Russian Federation is not formalized and is considered as a missinglink in the system of its documents; the missinglevels for which in the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation it is necessary to give the concept of a spatial development strategy are thelevels of the country as a whole, the macroregion and urban agglomerations. The spatial development strategy is proposed to be defined as the main and general plan for the development of the territorial object (the system of resettlement the subject of the Russian Federation in a municipal district city, agglomeration), designed as a strategic planning document that defines the priorities, goals direction, scope andlimitationsof spatial development in thelong term. For urban agglomerations this is the minimum necessaiy document that precedes territorial planning at the level of cities urban districts and municipal districts the basis for the development of a program of measures for the socio-economic development strategy and its implementation program, for joint planning of urban and rural settlements; the obligatory nature of their planning is to be determined in the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and in the Law *0n Strategic Planning".
Challenges of Time to Architectural Science
Authors: Bondarenko I. A.
Published: September 2018

От уровня интеллектуального развития напрямую зависит международный имидж и конкурентоспособность России, как и любой другой страны современного мира. Это общее утверждение не вызывает сомнений. Другое дело, что за ним кроется множество разноречивых суждений по поводу науки, образования, культуры, искусства и новейших технологий. Не претендуя на абсолютную полноту раскрытия всех аспектов темы, я хотел бы сосредоточить внимание на архитектурной, прежде всего, историко-теоретической науке, её состоянии, задачах, приоритетах и степени её влияния на творческую практику.
Functional Hierarchy in Decision Making
Authors: Kalgin Alexander A.
Published: September 2018

The most essential structural definitions such as functional hierarchy, requisitevarietylaw and continuous series of models are considered. The article says that the functional multilayer hierarchy of decision-making is a conceptual approach to finding of essential functions in complicated systems of decision-making. Thus to determine a solution approach for control systems, one may use the system order method in terms of continuous series of models.
The Architectural Appearance of the Cult Buildings Ensemble in the Village of Purekh in the Chkalovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Volkova Elena M.
Published: September 2018

The architectural image of the village of Purekh in the Chkalovsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region is considered. Its spatial structure is formed by a system of dominants consisting of a different ensemble of religious buildings, stone churches: Preobrazhenskaya (XVII century), Dukhovskaya (1904), Nikolskaya (1864), Nativity of the Virgin (1854) on the historical Lenin street - the compositional axis of the village, and low-rise rural estate development. The degree of preservation of the historical and urban environment of Purekh is high, the metrorhythmic composition of Lenin Street is an example of the morphotypic preservation of fragments of the Russian village architectural environment of the beginning of the 20th century, the compositional center of which is formed by the elements of the religious buildings ensemble.

The comprehensive analysis of the architectural appearance of the Purekh religious buildings ensemble included: an assessment of the village town planning layout taking into account thelandscape; thelocation of church buildings in the structure of the settlement, their interaction with each other, the hierarchy in the compositional and artistic decision of the ensemble, the definition of dominance visibility basins, the main panoramas, the silhouette of religious buildings, the morphotypes of background buildings; history, features of location, spatial planning decisions, stylistics, decor of each monument. The study introduces data on the religious buildings of Purekh, monuments of the 17th - early 20th centuries, into scientific usage on the basis of analysis of archival, design, literary and other sources, photo-fixation of objects, and their graphic reconstruction. Results can form the basis of documents for the reconstruction and restoration of objects, which will increase the attractiveness of Purekh for residents, tourists and investors.
Architect A.N.Beketov. Life and Creative Work
Authors: Davydich Tatyana F.
Published: September 2018

In the article the features of creativity of the Kharkov architect A.N. Beketov were considered, who had graduated from the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg (with a Big Golden Medal, 1888). The very first of his works gave the new development of the central streets and squares of Kharkiv (in enlarged, really capital scale). He came to work in Kharkov at his own request, and in 1889 he won a competition for the project of Commercial School building, which was realised. In the 1890-s and the 1910-s, A.N. Beketov supervised his own design bureau, which dealt not only with the design, but with the organization of construction works. In 1894, for a library project for one and a half million volumes, he received the title of academician of architecture. In accordance with the obtained education, A.N. Beketov freely operated with forms of various historical styles and because this he was a typical for his time architect- eclecticist. In total, A.N. Beketov built more than 40 public and residential buildings in Kharkov and about 60 in other cities of the Russian Empire and in the USSR. The main buildings on Beketov's projects in Kharkov are concentrated in the area between Pushkinskaya and Sumskaya streets. Particularly interesting are the buildings of mansions, built on his projects, including three of his own. He designed public buildings in Neo-Renaissance, «Beaux-Arts» and Neoclassicism styles, and his projects of the mansions had more diverse stylistic solutions, taking into account their perception in the urban environment and the relations with surrounding buildings adjacent areas. On the street of Myrrhbearers was formed an interesting kind of ensemble of Beketov's mansions, which are now usedas the professional clubs and the central city's art museum.
The Lessons of 2018 FIFA World Cup Stadium Design.
Authors: Bush Dmitry V.
Published: September 2018

The of 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia served as an excuse for analyzing the design of the stadiums executed by our Design Institute of Uniform Structures "ARENA". Among them are stadiums in Sochi, St. Petersburg, Samara, Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod and Yekaterinburg. Let's try to simultaneously compare the process of their design with a similar work on the objects of the Olympiad in Sochi at all stages of preparation for the two largest sports competitions in the world
Innovation as a Component of Fundamental Research. An Architect's View
Authors: Dianova-Klokova Inna V. , Metaniev Dmitriy D.
Published: September 2018

The article discusses the connection between fundamental science and innovation on the examples of leading European universities and their science parks. It is noted that the role of innovative component of the University science is steadily increasing. Also increases interest of scientists in commercialization of research results; the influence of this factor on the location of science parks is growing. Based on the study of innovative objects the authors present the main features of the architectural design and spatial techniques, contributing to the reduction of time of commercialization of research results and increasing their effectiveness. The descriptions and illustrations of some of the universities in the UK, Germany, the Netherlands and Finland are given
Аactualization of the Methodological Basis of Developing General Plans in the Context of Modern Threats and Challenges to Urban Development
Authors: Herzberg Laura Ya.
Published: September 2018

The article notes that modern methodology development of the general plans for large cities do not contribute to the efficiency of the projects; do not satisfy modern challenges and threats in urban development. One of the most important challenges is the process of globalization, when a special role is assigned to the large cities. Cities compete for the attracting investments, modern industrial facilities, and skill creative specialists. The concept of a competitive city is the motto under which the general plans of major foreign cities are developed. The main differences between the domestic and foreign practices of designing cities are given. First of all, they relate to the links between socio-economic and urban planning policies. In the foreign practice, the modern general plans are developed while taking into account the mission of the city and the strategic goals of the city development; as defined in the general Plans or the Strategies of Social and Economic Development. As a part of the modern strategies of social and economic development (2030-2035) of large Russian cities (St. Petersburg, Kazan) the mission of the city, strategic goals and even the conceptual basis of urban policy defines. It creates prerequisites for more effective communication of socio-economic and territorial planning in comparison with the established urban code, which provides for the mapping of the planned objects. The low social validity of general plans is noted. Possible directions for the improving methodological basis of developing general plans based on the attitude to the general plan as an instrument for creating the town-planning prerequisites for the realization of the city's mission and strategic goals are given.
Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP) as a Technique for Treatment of BPH: Evaluation of a Six-Year Experience at a Single Institution
Authors: Vazirian-Zadeh Mahmood , Anderson Jane , Gill Ravine , Noaman Islam , Lee Katie , Krasnowski Henryk , Ho KJ
Published: September 2018

Background and objective

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the undisputed reference standard for elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).

However, morbidity after TURP remains significant, with increased risks of bleeding and TUR syndrome. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the role of laser technology for the treatment of symptomatic BPE.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the novel technique Thulim laser enucleation of prostate (ThuLEP) developed for the first time in 2009 by Imkamp et al. in treating symptomatic BPE.

Materials and methods

Analysis of the data from electronic records, case notes, clinic letters all the patients who had undergone ThuLEP using a 70 W thulium laser (Revolix) for symptomatic outflow obstruction over a 6-year period was done. We looked at the pre-procedure PSA, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), Post void residual (PVR) and haemoglobin, comparing it with the postoperative haemoglobin.

Results

Two-hundred twenty-two patients underwent ThuLEP procedure performed by 2 surgeons. We found a 159 % improvement in Q max, a 61 % improvement in PVR. No mortalities occurred and only 1 patient required post operative blood transfusion.

ThuLEP represents a safe, effective surgical option in patients with symptomatic BPH with relatively little complications, producing significant improvements in both Qmax and PVR.
El diseño de la política científica en América Latina: organismos internacionales, gobiernos nacionales y comunidades científicas
Authors: Escobar Ortiz Jorge M.
Published: September 2018

La política científica (o la política científica y tecnológica, o política de ciencia y tecnología, términos que se usan como sinónimos aquí) es, ante todo, un tipo de política pública. De ahí que una estrategia posible para comprender sus transiciones históricas sea establecer un paralelo entre el análisis que reciben las políticas públicas en general y el que recibe la política científica en particular. Este análisis puede hacerse con base en dos elementos: uno conceptual (la definición de política científica) y otro histórico (las transiciones en los estilos o maneras de hacer política científica). Ambos elementos son complementarios entre sí.
Preferensi Aedes aegypti Meletakkan Telur pada Berbagai Warna Ovitrap di Laboratorium
Authors: Nurjana Made Agus , Kurniawan Ade
Published: September 2018

Dengue Haemograffic fever is a vector borne disease which caused outbreaks and death. There is no applied vaccine until now, so the effort of prevention and control is to terminate chain of infection mosquito breeding. Factors which influenced  the female mosquitoe to lay their eggsare type of container, color, water, temperature, water source, humidity and environment condition. This study was conducted to determine the preferences of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to lay aggs in various colors ovitrap in the laboratory of Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala, January until March 2015. Three repetitions with plastic cup black, blue, white, yellow and pink have been performed with water and filter pappers. 30 mosquitoes blood saturation included in the containers with various colors. The result showed that most of female mosquito laid their eggs in plastic cup black (53,2%). ANOVA analysis showed that the diversity of colors ovitrap produce different the number of eggs Ae. aegypti in each type of countainer color. It is recommended to use black ovitrap for controling populations of Ae, aegypti in environment with regular monitoring.
Aktivitas Larvasida Berbagai Pelarut pada Ekstrak Biji Kayu Besi Pantai (Pongamia pinnata) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes spp.
Authors: Yuliasih Yuneu , Widawati Mutiara
Published: September 2018

The use of chemical compound as a way to control DHF may cause harmful effect for humans and environment. It is necessary to develop biological insecticides derived from plants such as Pongamia pinnata. This study was designed to determine the larvicidal activity of  P. pinnata seeds extract with various solvent on  Aedes spp. This study was an experimental research with post test only control group design. Materials used in the research were P. pinnata seed extracts with water, methanol and chloroform solvents of concentration; 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm and 500 ppm. Larvicidal activity of P. pinnata seed extracts was tested against third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, 24 hours observation was carried out within each treatment.very test was repeated for 3 times. The result showed that larvae mortality was found in the methanol extract with LC50 value of 141.88 ppm for Ae. aegypti and 108.19 for Ae. albopictus, and in the chloroform extract with LC50 value of 346.06 ppm for Ae. aegypti and 222.29 ppm for Ae. albopictus. The water extract of  P. pinnata seed was not effective as a larvicidal, while methanol and chloroform of P. pinnata seed extracts act as potential natural insecticide.
Faktor Biotik dan Abiotik pada Tempat Perkembangbiakan Anopheles spp. di Desa Gunung Jati, Kecamatan Pagedongan, Banjarnegara, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Widiastuti Dyah , Djati Anggun Paramita , Pramestuti Nova
Published: September 2018

Malaria transmission in Gunung Jati Village, Banjarmegara needs serious attention because this village is malaria endemic area. This study aimed to investigate the biotic and abiotic environmental conditions at Anopheles spp. breeding sites in Gunung Jati village, Banjarnegara. Anopheles spp. larvae collection, measurement of abiotic factors and observation of microbiota on water samples were conducted on May 2015. Anopheles spp. larva was found  in puddles on the banks of the river with larvae density was 5 larvae per dip. Water temperature conditions in all breeding sites ranged from 26-32 oC, the degree of acidity was neutral, with varying light intensity. Synedra are the most commonly found algae from all observed breeding sites. The environmental conditions were in accordance with the optimum conditions that support the development of Anopheles spp. larvae
Sebaran Infeksi Leptospira Patogenik pada Tikus dan Cecurut di Daerah Pasca Banjir Kabupaten Pati dan Endemis Boyolali
Authors: Sholichah Zumrotus , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: September 2018

Until March 2014 leptospirosis cases and its Case Fatality Rate increased in Pati and Boyolali. This study aims to describe distribution of infected rats and shrews in flood area in Pati and endemic area in Boyolali. Research carried out by the cross sectional design on March-April 2014. Coordinate of Leptospira infected rats and shrews were mapped using google earth with home range buffer. Data analyzed descriptively to describe distribution of infected rats and shrews. Pathogenic Leptospira sp. infected rats and shrews spread with random pattern. This results could be an explanation of higher transmission risk. of leptospirosis in the area of study
Keberhasilan Pengobatan Massal Filariasis di Kecamatan Kusan Hulu Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Setyaningtyas Dian Eka , Yuana Windy Tri , Rahayu Nita
Published: September 2018

Kusan Hulu Sub-district is one of filariasis endemic areas in Tanah Bumbu District of South Kalimantan Province which has implemented partial Mass Drug Administration (MDA) filariasis program starting in 2012 and simultaneously in all area of Tanah Bumbu District starting in 2015. This study aims to determine endemicity filariasis after the first MDA in 2015 in Kusan Hulu Sub-district by conducting a finger blood survey to determine microfilaria rate and know the type of microfilariae. The design of this study was cross sectional. The study was conducted in Kusan Hulu sub-district from March to November 2015. The results of the finger blood survey showed a mf rate of 0.4% of the 500 population. The type of microfilariae found was Brugia malayi. Both positive patients were of male sex with age> 45 years. There was a decrease in mf rate in Kusan Hulu Sub-district from before MDA compared to after the first MDA was conducted from 12.37% in 2008, and 0.91% in 2011 to 0.4% in 2015, so the area became nonendemic (mf rate <1%).
Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Perilaku Nyamuk pada Daerah Endemis Filariasis di Kabupaten Barito Kuala, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Juhairiyah Juhairiyah , Hidayat Syarif , Hairani Budi , Fakhrizal Deni , Setyaningtyas Dian Eka
Published: September 2018

Barito Kuala District is one of filariasis endemic area with two mosquito species known as Brugia malayi vector: Culex quinquefasciatus and Mansonia uniformis. Hence, it was necessary to conduct a study in endemic areas of filariasis in Barito Kuala to explore further about diversity of mosquito species and their biting activity. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design performed in two filariasis endemic villages. Mosquitoes were collected by Hand Catches and Human Landing Collection method. There were 12 mosquitoes species of 3 genus found in Antar Raya Village with Cx. tritaeniorhynchus as the most dominant species, while 10 mosquitoes species of 4 genus found in Karya Jadi Village with Ma. uniformis as dominant species. Mansonia uniformis and Cx. quinquefasciatus which found in this study indicated as risk factor for filariasis transmission. Biting activity of Ma. uniformis increased in the afternoon and the morning, while Cx. quinquefasciatus was vary, both endophilic and exophilic.
Aspek Kekinian tentang Penelitian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Pulau Jawa dan Sekitarnya
Authors: Ikawati Bina
Published: September 2018

Incidence Rate/IR DHF in Indonesia 2015 to 2017 decreased 44.43%, although in 2016 there was an increase of 53.61% from incidence in 2015 (DHF IR per 100,000 population in 2015 until 2017 was 50,75;77,96; 22.55). Five subsystems related to DHF transmission are human, dengue virus, Aedes mosquito, physical and biological environment. Research on these five subsystems and various control efforts has been done in Indonesia. Literature review was used to discuss it in this article. Search area on the site ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id, portalgaruda.org, e-resources.perpusnas.go.id, www.researchgate.net, www.hindawi.com and who.int with keywords Aedes aegypti, Dengue Haemorhagic Fever. Several studies showed different results depending on the study site conditions (climatic,altitude,ecological conditions). Human behavior associated with the use of anti-mosquito, dengue virus, Aedes as a vector (potential breeding places, transovary phenomena, insecticide vector resistance), and climate conditions (temperature and humidity) that contribute to the incidence of DHF. Vector control is the most effective measure in DHF control program. The use of Bacillus thuringensis, Romanomermis iyengari, and Wolbachia, the manufactured repellents and larvasides from various plants, the improvement of eradication of mosquito breeding sites related community behavior, and the application of sterile insect techniques have been developed from various studies. The results of such research can be adopted as alternative to control vectors and implemented in integrated manner based on the specific local context.
Lightweight self-compacting concrete with sintered fly-ash aggregate
Authors: Małaszkiewicz Dorota , Jastrzębski Daniel
Published: September 2018

The article presents the results of research assessing the possibility of making LWSCC from the locally produced sintered fly ash aggregate CERTYD. Two methods of preliminary LWA preparation were applied: pre-soaking with water and coating with a film of cement paste. The following properties of fresh LWSCC were evaluated: slump-flow, time T500 and passing ability using L-Box. Partial replacement of natural sand by fine LW sand (0/0.5 mm) improved filling and passing abilities of fresh concrete, reduced slightly the bulk density, but it resulted in compressive strength loss by 12-18%. In terms of both fresh and hardened concrete properties it is more favorable to use only fine LW sand as natural sand replacement. Considering fresh concrete properties paste impregnation of LW aggregate is more efficient than saturation with water.
A fine fraction from the recycled concrete as an addition in the cement composites
Authors: Pawluczuk Edyta
Published: September 2018

The aim of the research was to determine the possibility of using the fine fraction from the recycled concrete to produce the cement composites. The research was based on a rotal plan with two variables: x1 (the amount of the recycled addition, 0-40% c. m.) and x2 (the amount of the superplasticizer, 0-1% c. m.). The recycled material was ground to 0.125 mm and roasted at 700°C. The statistical analysis of the findings led to the conclusion that the recycled fine fraction can be added to the cement composites (up to 20% of the cement mass) without a significant decline in their parameters’ values.
Pustaki styropianowe - analiza numeryczna oraz ekonomiczna w kontekście zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Kruzel Robert , Helbrych Paweł
Published: September 2018

The paper presents a numerical analysis of heat exchange parameters in an external, vertical building partition made of various polystyrene blocks. The influence of styrofoam internal laths on the distribution of heat flux density and temperature distribution in the partition was analyzed. The usefulness of Finite Element Method for thermal calculations of building partitions has been demonstrated. In addition, the economic viability of the use of styrofoam blocks for the construction of a single-family house was analyzed, a significant share of outlays on labor on the final price of the building made in the discussed technology was demonstrated..
Wpływ uczestników procesu inwestycyjno-budowlanego na jego jakość
Authors: Górecki Jarosław , Bizon-Górecka Jadwiga , Nadolny Przemysław
Published: September 2018

The article indicates that a role and tasks of particular participants of construction projects vary depending on the phase of construction production. The influence of individual entities on the quality of construction production is also diversified. The results of the questionnaire survey conducted among 64 employees of construction companies involved in the implementation of construction projects were presented. They show the opinions of respondents representing the construction industry about a role of participants of the construction process in maintaining the proper quality of construction works. Their impact on the compliance of construction processes with applicable legal regulations was emphasized. The declarations may cover PN/EN standards, Polish construction law, technical specification of performance and acceptance of construction works and other formal and legal requirements and construction production standards.
Rozliczenia wprowadzonych zmian na Kontrakcie inwestycji infrastrukturalnych w oparciu o Warunki Kontraktowe FIDIC- studium przypadku
Authors: Lendo-Siwicka Marzena , Pawluk Katarzyna , Trach Roman , Żerek Paulina
Published: September 2018

The article presents a settlement analysis of introduced changes in the example infrastructure investment. The procedure of introduced the Change Command and the Engineer's Instruction on the Construction contract, as well as examples of the Change Commands given by the Engineer on the analyzed object were presented. The study covered the settlement of a road investment, based on compliance with expressway parameters. The analyzed object was very composed, thus has an extended bill of quantities and cost estimate. In accordance to such an extended cost estimate for this investment, it was important to establish an appropriate and fast flow of settlement documents. Moreover, changes in the project documentation and settlement based on the Contract Conditions for the Construction for Engineering - Construction Works designed by the Employer - the so-called. & quot;Red Book& quot; was showed. The studies discussed the cases of settlement of increased quantities, new entry items and replacement construction works that occurred on the analyzed investment, as well as examples of a sample settlement documents. The authors of this studies conclude that the introduction of the Engineer in the early stages of the investment process and the overall FIDIC procedures help establish sample forms, development of working out procedures and document flow schemes, including a settlement documents. In consequence they minimize the costs of addition, replacement, and abandoned works and reduce the time of the investment realization.
Clawbacks and Earnings Management
Authors: Levine Carolyn B. , Smith Michael J.
Published: September 2018

This study addresses the effect of clawbacks on earnings management (EM). In a two-period model, the manager can report truthfully or distort an interim report using either accrual or real EM. The principal can make short-term payments based on a manipulable accounting signal and long-term payments based on unmanipulable cash flows. The strength of the clawbacks determines the likelihood that the manager's compensation is reclaimed when the interim report was managed. Stronger clawback provisions may result in (1) a substitution between accrual and real earnings management, or (2) earnings management when no earnings management was optimal with weak clawbacks, and (3) lower expected profits for the principal. Numerical analysis suggests that strong clawbacks do not reduce aggregate earnings management.

JEL Classifications: J33; M48; M52; G38.

Data Availability: All data are simulated.
DMLS Eklemeli İmalatta Süreç Ve Maliyet Modeli Geliştirilmesi
Authors: KAYACAN Mevlüt Yunus , YILMAZ Nihat
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmada son yıllarda gelişim göstererek endüstrinin temel imalat
metotlarından biri haline gelen eklemeli imalat üzerine, imalat süresi,
süreçleri ve maliyetler ekseninde çeşitli analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toz
yatak birleştirme teknolojilerinden bir tanesi olan “Doğrudan metal lazer
sinterleme” (DMLS) metodunun işlem süreleri ve süreç analizinin yapılması
sonucunda literatürde yer alan mevcut denklemler ve ilave olarak imalatın tüm
adımlarını ve her türlü gideri hesaplamaya dâhil ederek genel bir maliyet ve
süreç hesaplaması denklemi türetilmiştir. Elde edilen denklem Türkiye örneklemi
üzerinden kontrol edilmiş ve Türkiye şartlarına yönelik bir çalışma yapılmıştır.
Geliştirilen model ile imal edilmesi planlanan parçaların DMLS ile eklemeli
imalat süreleri, imalat verimliliği ve etkin tezgâh kullanımı hakkındaki
verilere ulaşabilmek mümkün hale gelmiştir. Bunların yanında imalat tezgâhların
amortisman hesapları ve başa baş noktası analizleri farklı işletme şartlarında
incelenerek gerçekleştirilmiştir.