bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conditions governing the development of research methodology in pedagogical sciences. Theoretical and practical research
Authors: Rubacha Krzysztof
Published: April 2021

The aim of the article is to formulate methodological conditions for the development of pedagogical sciences, including the methodological procedures used by these sciences. The starting point of the analysis is to show the tension between theoretical and practical research. This tension means that without theory there is no practical research, and without practical research no theories can arise. The following parts of the article show the conditions related to exploratory and verification research and to types of explanations present in social sciences. These conditions are also shown as directions of methodological development of pedagogical sciences.
Concepts and research areas of health pedagogy
Authors: Gaweł Anna
Published: April 2021

In pedagogical literature health pedagogy is trated as a subdiscipline of pedagogy, within which the theoretical foundations of modern health education are created. It has theoretical support in classical social pedagogy. The subject of research of health pedagogy is interdisciplinary and it covers issues related to a social health reality, which are analyzed from a pedagogical perspective and on the basis of the assumptions of modern philosophy of health and in connection with the achievements of medical and social sciences in the areas related to the protection and promotion of health. The article presents the formation of the theoretical foundations of pedagogical practice focused on health goals and the concepts and methods of practicing health pedagogy that are emerging today.
Estudo da demanda de uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família que utiliza o acesso avançado como modelo de organização da agenda
Authors: Ecco Canuto Liliane , Silva Angela Fernandes Leal da , Pinheiro Luiza Sanchez Palacio , Canuto Júnior Júlio Cesar Arruda , Santos Nereida Lúcia Palko dos
Published: April 2021

O acesso oportuno e a continuidade do cuidado são duas medidas operacionais importantes para a prática dos cuidados na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Objetivo: Realizar um estudo da demanda de uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) que utiliza o acesso avançado (AA) como modelo de organização da agenda. Métodos: Trata-se de uma análise documental, quantitativa, descritiva e retrospectiva realizada em uma equipe da ESF no Rio de Janeiro. Os 1410 dados foram coletados em uma planilha do Microsoft® Excel® no Google Drive, utilizada no processo de trabalho da equipe e foram tabulados e analisados em planilhas do Microsoft Excel®. Foram incluídos os registros do período de agosto e setembro de 2017 e excluídos os registros no qual o motivo da consulta (MC) não foi preenchido. Os MC foram codificados a partir de demandas, queixas e necessidades expressas nas narrativas dos usuários, e adaptadas à conformidade da codificação da CIAP (Classificação Internacional de Atenção Primária). Resultados: Dos 1392 registros de MC dos usuários restantes, 149 não foram atendidos por motivo de falta, reagendamento ou evasão, totalizando 1243 registros analisados. Predominou o sexo feminino, faixa etária entre 55 e 59 anos, atendimentos realizados em demanda espontânea, pela manhã, principalmente nas primeiras horas do acolhimento e com queixas gerais e não-específicas. Conclusão: Com o AA parece haver uma acessibilidade maior aos usuários que poderão ter o acesso de primeiro contato mais facilmente para a resolução dos seus problemas. Realizar o estudo da demanda possibilita o levantamento de dados para a elaboração de um planejamento para uma melhor organização da agenda refletindo em um melhor atendimento à população de forma resolutiva, oportuna e integral.
COVID-19 e a crise da (bio)Medicina
Authors: Reigada Carolina Lopes de Lima , Stelet Bruno Pereira
Published: April 2021

A pandemia do COVID-19 tem permitido analisar crises sistêmicas em diferentes aspectos da vida social. A crise da Racionalidade Biomédica parece ser reiterada, de um lado pela narrativa estatística dominante por meio da contabilidade de casos e mortes a cada dia. Por outro lado, pela escassez, até o momento, de evidências científicas acerca de exames diagnósticos e tratamentos medicamentosos para a nova doença. A profusão de protocolos clínicos e a necessidade de lidar com tamanha incerteza no encontro com pacientes em sofrimento são elementos que exigem retomar uma pergunta fundamental, em especial para a Medicina de Família e Comunidade: como exercitar o Cuidado em Saúde em um contexto de rupturas dos vínculos de confiança?
Visita domiciliar pela Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Perozini Goulart Elisiene , Miranda Soares de Moura Anna Tereza , De Mattos Russo Rafael Ricardo , Maria Braga Edmundo Katia , Garcia Penna Lucia Helena
Published: April 2021

A Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) se organiza sobre uma base territorial, considerando as características locais e possibilitando às equipes conhecer o perfil da clientela e as situações vivenciadas no seu cotidiano. Nos últimos anos, o município do Rio de Janeiro expandiu a ESF para territórios altamente vulneráveis e as equipes aproximaram-se de áreas onde a violência urbana está fortemente presente. O objetivo foi compreender se a Visita Domiciliar (VD) permanece como uma ferramenta possível para a ESF, em contextos de violência urbana. Foi realizado um estudo de natureza qualitativa, com aplicação de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado e análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que a VD é, prioritariamente, destinada à busca de usuários com alguma limitação de acesso à unidade, restrição ao leito ou domicílio. Segundo o relato dos profissionais, situações frequentes como incursão policial, confronto armado entre a polícia e traficantes, a presença de caveirões e o som de tiros e bombas, são limitadores para a realização da VD. A qualidade da atenção prestada fica prejudicada e as atividades no território sofrem grandes prejuízos, trazendo medo e insegurança, inclusive aos profissionais. A ESF se consolida como um serviço próximo a territórios marcados pela violência urbana, enfrentando desafios diários para aplicação de suas ferramentas, em especial a VD.
DA TECNOCRACIA AO PROTAGONISMO DA MULHER NO CENÁRIO DA PARTURIÇÃO
Authors: Azevedo Mônica das Graças de , Araújo Wania Maria de
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar a violência obstétrica no cenário atual da parturição e as relações de poder que a perpassam. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo, realizado no ano de 2016, por meio de entrevistas abertas a médicos e enfermeiros obstetras que atuam em serviços de obstetrícia em Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana. Percebe-se a dificuldade de alguns médicos em lidar com o protagonismo das mulheres; as dificuldades de inserção do enfermeiro obstetra na equipe de atenção ao parto e a proposta do modelo colaborativo e humanizado de assistência ao parto, centrado na mulher, como uma forma de enfrentamento da violência obstétrica.
Aprendizado Baseado em Projetos em IHC (presencial e remoto): prototipação segundo as heurísticas de Nielsen
Authors: Diniz Luciana Mara Freitas , Pereira Marcus Vinícius , De Paula Lucas Júnior Dias , Silva Eduardo César de Melo
Published: April 2021

A aprendizagem de novos conteúdos vai além de assistir aulas e realizar exercícios conceituais e, por vezes, se faz necessária a realização de trabalhos práticos. A metodologia de aprendizado baseado em projetos apresenta o aluno como protagonista neste processo de captação e internalização do conhecimento, uma vez que pratica a teoria estudada. Este relato de experiências descreve a aplicação da metodologia supracitada por meio da elaboração de protótipos interativos de alta fidelidade, baseados nas heurísticas de usabilidade de Nielsen. O projeto ocorreu em uma disciplina de Interação Humano-Computador, nas modalidades de ensino presencial e remoto.
Linking Corporate Institutional Logics and Moral Reasoning – Evidence from Large Danish Audit Firms
Authors: Kent Pamela , Liempd Dennis van
Published: April 2021

This paper examines whether organizational levels of owner/partner, CPA manager, supervisor and other audit staff are associated with institutional logics of auditors in large Danish audit firms. Our findings identify the presence of the professional logic and commercial logic with the professional logic being two explicit logics of a fiduciary and a technical-expertise logic. The organizational levels of CPA manager, supervisor and other staff are significant in explaining the presence of the technical-expertise logic, but not the fiduciary logic. Higher moral reasoning of auditors and being a female are significantly associated with the presence of the fiduciary logic. All four organizational levels are significant in explaining the identified commercial logic with further tests indicating that partners place more emphasis than supervisors on the commercial logic. Additional tests examine whether moral reasoning is associated with the professional fiduciary, professional technical-expertise and commercial logics and whether organizational levels explain moral reasoning. We find that a higher professional fiduciary logic is associated with higher auditor moral reasoning. In contrast, lower moral reasoning is associated with higher professional technical-expertise and commercial logics. In addition, increased audit experience is associated with lower moral reasoning.
Kooperatives Wirtschaften versus Gewinnmaximierung: Steht der Dualismus auf der Kippe?
Authors: Schaffhauser-Linzatti Michaela
Published: April 2021

Das junge Jahrtausend ist bereits durch zwei Wirtschaftskrisen geprägt, in Zuge dessen die einseitige Ausrichtung auf eine neokapitalistische Wirtschaftsform zunehmend hinterfragt wird. Wieder einmal rückt die genossenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit als eine nicht ausschließlich gewinnmaximierende Alternative sowohl in der akademischen Rezeption als auch durch reale Neugründungsinitiativen in den Vordergrund. Gleichzeitig orientieren sich etablierte Genossenschaften immer mehr in Richtung Kapitalgesellschaft. Die duale Charakteristik von sozialer und ökonomischer Zielsetzung forciert dieses Auseinanderklaffen. Die aktuellen Perspektiven der triple bottom line induzieren neue Bruchlinien, die es erstmals aufzuzeigen gilt. Ein weiteres Ziel ist es, neue genossenschaftlich-gemeinwirtschaftliche Forschungsstränge in die Z’GuG einzuführen, um das Interesse der Leserschaft für diese Kooperationsform zu wecken und Anregungen für künftige Einreichungen zu geben. Auf Basis einer umfassenden Literaturschau wird der klassische Begriff des Dualismus in einen durch die Heterogenität der Genossenschaftsforschung erweiterten Kontext gestellt. Die breitere Systematisierung eröffnet die Ableitung neuer Forschungsthemen, die in Essayform präsentiert werden. Das Dualismus-bedingte Spannungsverhältnis der inhärent konträren Zielsetzungen ist nicht mit den aktuell favorisierten mathematisch-formalen Methoden der Ökonomie lösbar, sondern bedarf einer breiten interdisziplinären Herangehensweise, die im Wechselspiel von Idealisierung und konkreten Bedarfslagen die Rahmenbedingungen genossenschaftlicher Ansätze neu aufrollt.
Entstehung und Auflösung der Schweizer Jaina-Gemeinschaft
Authors: Iseli Mirjam
Published: April 2021

The formation of religious diaspora communities with a small number of members is a very topical phenomenon in the globalized world. To exemplify, Mirjam Iseli examines how a Jain community has formed in Switzerland over the past twenty years, and which negotiation processes this involved. Thus, a universal Jainism that encompasses all tendencies and is based on the pillars of vegetarianism, environmental protection and non-violence was established in Switzerland.

In addition to the community building process, the dissolution of the Swiss Jain community is also being examined. Thus, factors that can lead to the stagnation of community building processes in general are highlighted.
Evaluating the Organizational Hierarchy Using the IFSAW and TOPSIS Techniques
Authors: Deb Mahuya
Published: April 2021

Performance evaluations in organizations are viewed as ideal instruments for evaluating and rewarding the employee’s performance. While much emphasis is laid onto the administering of the evaluation techniques, not much thought has been laid out on assessing the contributions of each hierarchical level. Moreover the manifold decision making criteria can also impact the measurement of pertinent contributions because of their ambivalent characteristics. In such a scenario, intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria decision making can help strategists and policy makers to arrive at more or less accurate decisions. This paper restricts itself to six decision making criteria and adopts the intuitionistic fuzzy simple additive weighting (IFSAW) method and TOPSIS method to evaluate and rank the employee cadres. The results obtained were compared and both the methods revealed that the middle management displayed impeccable performance standards over their other counterparts.
Paramagnetic Transitions Ions as Structural Modifiers in Ferroelectrics
Authors: Lucero Villegas Rueda Veronica
Published: April 2021

The science of ferroelectric materials has long known that transition metal atom and/or rear earth atom substitution in the composition of a ferroelectric material can produce substantial structural and electric dipole changes and ferroelectric behavior. The focus is on first neighbor changes, symmetry, very tiny atomic displacements, hence magnitudes of electric polarization, charge changes, and mechanical-tensile change of parameters. The transition atom used for the substitution can, or, cannot be paramagnetic. When it is paramagnetic as is the case with Cr3+, Mn2+ and so forth, there emerges an advantage for its experimental characterization at atomic level. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) allows the identification of its location within the structure and the number and nature of its neighbors. The presence of crystal fields, symmetry and distortions of the first coordination sphere can also be determined. Here, we describe how a set of EPR spectra is analyzed to extract such atomic information.
New Attributes Extraction System for Arabic Autograph as Genuine and Forged through a Classification Techniques
Authors: Yahya Ebrahim Anwar , Kolivand Hoshang
Published: April 2021

The authentication of writers, handwritten autograph is widely realized throughout the world, the thorough check of the autograph is important before going to the outcome about the signer. The Arabic autograph has unique characteristics; it includes lines, and overlapping. It will be more difficult to realize higher achievement accuracy. This project attention the above difficulty by achieved selected best characteristics of Arabic autograph authentication, characterized by the number of attributes representing for each autograph. Where the objective is to differentiate if an obtain autograph is genuine, or a forgery. The planned method is based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to extract feature, then Spars Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) to selection significant attributes for Arabic autograph handwritten recognition to aid the authentication step. Finally, decision tree classifier was achieved for signature authentication. The suggested method DCT with SPCA achieves good outcomes for Arabic autograph dataset when we have verified on various techniques.
Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Unidirectional Porous Media under High Heat Flux Conditions
Authors: Yuki Kazuhisa
Published: April 2021

In this chapter, new heat transfer enhancement technologies with unidirectional porous metal called “EVAPORON” and “Lotus’ Breathing” are introduced to remove and manage heat from high heat flux equipment. The unidirectional porous metals introduced here can be easily fabricated by unique techniques such as mold casting technique, explosive welding technique, and 3D printing technique. First of all, many kinds of porous media, which have been introduced by the author so far as a heat transfer promoter, are compared each other to clarify what kind of porous metal is more suitable for high heat flux removal and cooling by focusing on the permeability and the effective thermal conductivity. For the practical use of the unidirectional porous copper with high permeability and high thermal conductivity, at first, heat transfer performance of two-phase flow cooling using a heat removal device called “EVAPORON” is reviewed aiming at extremely high heat flux removal beyond 10 MW/m2. We have been proposing this device with the unidirectional porous copper fabricated by 3D printing technique as the heat sink of a nuclear fusion divertor and a continuous casting mold. Second, two-phase immersion cooling technique called “Lotus’ Breathing” utilizing “Breathing Phenomenon” is introduced targeting at thermal management of various electronics such as power electronics and high performance computers. The level of the heat flux is 0.1 MW/m2 to 5 MW/m2. In addition, as the other heat transfer enhancing technology with unidirectional porous metals, unidirectional porous copper pipes fabricated by explosive welding technique are also introduced for heat transfer enhancement of single-phase flow.
Perspectives of Cognitive Impairment and Behavioral Disturbances in Parkinson’s Disease Dementia
Authors: Munoz Ospina Beatriz , Quintana-Peña Valentina , Alvarez Daniela , A. Valderrama Jaime , Takeuchi Yuri , L. Orozco Jorge
Published: April 2021

Parkinson’s disease dementia is a critical stage of the disease because that has a negative impact on the quality of life and functional independence in activities daily living. How the cognition progress to dementia is a key to be explored. The cognitive impairment shows two profiles: cortical (memory encoding, visuospatial abilities, and language) and subcortical, with a dysexecutive syndrome that includes deficits in recognition memory, attention processes, and visual perception as well as visual hallucinations and cognitive fluctuations. Behavioral problems such as apathy, anxiety, depression, and impulse control disorders take a significant part in the loss of autonomy and progression of the disease. To detect the risk of Parkinson’s disease dementia development, the integral evaluation of patients in all stages of the disease should consider the interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors, motor subtypes, and non-motor symptoms (NMS) in order to implement different therapeutics and supportive strategies when they are likely to have efficacy.
Nano-Sized Minerals from Lower Cretaceous Sandstones in Israel Observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
Authors: Taitel-Goldman Nurit , Ezersky Vladimir
Published: April 2021

Fine fraction in quartz arenite sandstones from Lower Cretaceous Hatira formation in Israel was observed by Transmission electron microscope (TEM). Samples were collected from Hatira and Ramon craters located in southern part of Israel and from Manara cliff from the northern part of Israel. The additional phases cause yellow, red, dark red and dark violet colors of the layered sandstones. The motivation was to identify the minerals of the fine factions that cause the variations in the colors. The minerals observed were clay minerals, mainly kaolinite (Al4Si4O20(OH)8), some illite (K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2) and smectite. Iron oxides were goethite (FeOOH) and hematite (Fe2O3), Titanium-iron oxides observed was ilmenite (FeTiO3), and Titanium-oxides were rutile (TiO2), and anatase (TiO2). Sulphates observed were jarosite (KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6) and alunite (KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6). Some of the hematite was formed by recrystallization of goethite. Ilmenite disintegrated into small iron oxides mainly hematite. Euhedral to sub-hedral rutile (TiO2) and anatase (TiO2) were preserved in clay-minerals. Crystals of alunite and jarosite were observed in sandstones in both craters. They probably crystallized due to some transgression of the Thetis Sea.
Commonly Utilized Non Vascularised Bone Grafts in Maxillofacial Reconstruction
Authors: Anand Manish , Panwar Shreya
Published: April 2021

Surgical defects created secondary to oncological resection are often debilitating for patients, both functionally and esthetically. Meticulous surgical planning and intricate knowledge of the vital anatomical structures are essential for understanding the biology of reconstruction in the craniofacial skeleton. Unlike reconstructive procedures in other areas where the functional components may be given priority, reconstruction of the face requires a delicate balance between the esthetic and functional units. Despite new developments, autogenous grafts have frequently remained a reliable alternative that withstood the test of time. Non-vascularized bone grafts are often a subset of autogenous grafts, where the graft solely depends on the recipient’s vascularity and is indicated in defect sizes of less than 6 cm.
Immunomodulatory Potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus: Implications in Bone Health
Authors: Bhardwaj Asha , Sapra Leena , Verma Bhupendra , K. Srivastava Rupesh
Published: April 2021

Lactobacillus acidophilus is homofermentative anaerobic rod-shaped gram-positive bacteria. L. acidophilous is one of the most common probiotics and is used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal, metabolic and inflammatory disorders. L. acidophilous produces antimicrobial compounds, maintains gut permeability and prevents dysbiosis. L. acidophilus also shows various other properties such as: it is anticarcinogenic, lowers serum cholesterol level and improves lactase metabolism of host. One of the most significant property of L. acidophilous is that it modulates the immune system and can prevent various inflammatory disorders. L. acidophilous influences several immune cells such as Th17 cells and Tregs. Various studies reported that inflammation induces bone loss and leads to several bone pathologies such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. Recent studies have shown the potential of probiotics in preventing inflammation mediated bone loss. L. acidophilous is one of these probiotics and is found capable in inhibition of various bone disorders. L. acidophilous restores the dysregulated immune homeostasis and prevents inflammatory bone loss. Thus, L. acidophilous can be a potential therapeutic for the management of various bone pathologies. In this book chapter we reviewed various immunomodulatory properties of L. acidophilous along with its efficacy in preventing dysbiosis and maintaining gut permeability. We also discussed the potential role of L. acidophilous as a therapeutic for the management of inflammation induced bone disorders.
Ultimate Compressive Strength of Steel Stiffened-Plate Structures Triggered by Brittle Fracture under Cryogenic Conditions
Authors: Hun Lee Dong , Kee Paik Jeom , W. Ringsberg Jonas , Tan P.J.
Published: April 2021

This chapter presents a practical method to investigate the effects of brittle fracture on the ultimate compressive strength of steel stiffened-plate structures under cryogenic conditions. Computational models are developed to analyse the ultimate compressive strength of steel stiffened-plate structures, triggered by brittle fracture, under cryogenic condition. A phenomenological form of the material model for the high-strength steel at cryogenic condition is proposed, that takes into account the Bauschinger effect, and implemented into a nonlinear finite element solver (LS-DYNA). Comparison between computational predictions and experimental measurements is made for the ultimate compressive strength response of a full-scale steel stiffened-plate structure, showing a good agreement between them.
Multimodal Neuronavigation for Brain Tumor Surgery
Authors: Garcia-Navarrete Roberto , Contreras-Vázquez Constantino , León-Alvárez Ericka , Olvera González Natael , Marhx-Bracho Alfonso , Terrazo-Lluch Javier , Luis Pérez-Gómez José , Alberto Ocon Rodríguez Jorge , Castañeda Goyes Judy , Alberto Díaz Ponce Medrano Juan
Published: April 2021

The current neuronavigation techniques increase safety and surgeon confidence during neurosurgical procedure performance. However, its real usefulness remains in integrating multimodal information from advanced magnetic resonance imaging, as tractography (DTI), functional studies that evaluate motor and sensitive language, motor function (BOLD techniques with different paradigms), and nuclear medicine. At the operating room, the fusion of sonographic information acquired in real-time with the predefined plan increase the chance to achieve gross-total resection of primary brain tumors. Combining these different image modalities with brain mapping and motor stimulation information in selected cases is possible, increasing surgery safety. In this review, we present our experience with multimodal neuronavigation to treat brain tumors in pediatric patients.
Molecular Aspects and Structure Activity Relationship of Oxytocin Agonists and Antagonist’s Role in Health
Authors: C.S.R. Chittepu Veera , Kalhotra Poonam , Gallardo Velazquez Tzayhri , Osorio Revilla Guillermo
Published: April 2021

Oxytocin (OT) and Oxytocin receptor signaling mechanism had emerged as a pathway for treatment of metabolic disorders like obesity, and diabetes. Both agonists and antagonists activity of the oxytocin receptor has beneficial aspects. This chapter will outline the receptor agonists and antagonist’s activity as a function of the features: hydrophobic regions, activity shapes, and positive and negative electrostatics. Also, their phenotype characteristics in various diseases like diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and immune related diseases will be outlined. Finally, therapeutic development strategies for using various nanomaterials, and other biomaterials, as well as those in present use will be discussed.
Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Groin: Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Felipe Ploneda-Valencia César , Alfredo Bautista-López Carlos , Alberto Navarro-Montes Carlos , Carlos Verdugo-Tapia Juan
Published: April 2021

The minimally invasive surgical technique for inguinal hernia repair (eTEP and TAPP) are gaining acceptance among surgeons worldwide. With the superior benefits of the laparoendoscopic techniques (less postoperative pain, numbness, and chronic pain, fewer complications, and faster return to normal activities), the protocolization and standardization of these approaches are essential to improve patient outcomes and reduce costs. Improved laparoscopic skills, well-selected patients, simulator training, and anatomy knowledge of the groin are the cornerstone for these approaches. We recommend starting the learning curve with the TAPP procedure, because it is easier to get familiarized with the anatomical landmarks of the pelvis and groin.
Exercise Therapy for Patients with Heart Failure: Focusing on the Pathophysiology of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Morotomi Nobuo , Sakuma Kunihiro , Sakai Kotomi
Published: April 2021

In patients with heart failure (HF), it is important to perform exercise therapy with a focus on the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle. Patients with HF have multiple clinical symptoms due to cardiac dysfunction. Recent studies demonstrated the mechanism and treatment strategy for HF, and multiple signaling pathways involved in HF result in reduced exercise capacity and skeletal muscle mass. On the other hand, exercise therapy for HF is known to inhibit the inflammatory cytokines and neurohumoral factors, and increase muscle mass. Therefore, in this chapter, we discuss the importance of exercise therapy for HF, with a focus on the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle.
Regional biogeographical model of vegetation zones in doctoral programme Regional Biography in Olomouc (Case study for Norway spruce)
Authors: Machar Ivo , Halás Marián , Opršal Zdeněk
Published: April 2021

Regional climate changes impacts induce vegetation zones shift to higher altitudes in temperate landscape. This paper deals with applying of regional biogeography model of climate conditions for vegetation zones in Czechia to doctoral programme Regional Geography in Palacky University Olomouc. The model is based on general knowledge of landscape vegetation zonation. Climate data for model come from predicted validated climate database under RCP8.5 scenario since 2100. Ecological data are included in the Biogeography Register database (geobiocoenological data related to landscape for cadastral areas of the Czech Republic). Mathematical principles of modelling are based on set of software solutions with GIS. Students use the model in the frame of the course “Special Approaches to Landscape Research” not only for regional scenarios climate change impacts in landscape scale, but also for assessment of climate conditions for growing capability of agricultural crops or forest trees under climate change on regional level.
Mapping of urban geoheritage in city of Liberec using participatory research
Authors: Drápela Emil
Published: April 2021

Urban geoheritage is a phenomenon that is present in almost every city, but so far, only some cities use it as a tourist product. In May and June 2019, in order to create an urban geoheritage trail in Liberec, it was mapped in the wider city centre. Considering the vastness of the area, mapping was carried out by volunteers who were interested in the topic of popularization of geology but did not have the expertise of geological knowledge. This lack of expertise may seem to be a significant limiting factor, but in fact, it is a positive thing, as the knowledge of the mapping volunteer is at a similar (low) level to the future user of the educational trail. Thus, in the evaluation of geosites, the expert-layman barrier is eliminated and the benefit is the feedback of the future user. However, participatory research has its own specifics, which must be adapted to the methodology used. First, it is to ensure the homogeneity of the data that is collected by a large number of volunteers and which can be influenced by subjective influences. Furthermore, it is their professional value and practical application. Finally, yet importantly, the technical parameters of data that will be further processed in GIS. This paper describes the research methodology used and summarizes the experience with the use of participatory research for the purpose of mapping urban geoheritage in Liberec.
The role of religion in the formation of national identity among Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija
Authors: Šljivić Milena
Published: April 2021

The history of Balkan states shows that religion in its essence has been a main factor of differentiation of numerous national communities and key to the formation of nations on Balkan soil. This testifies to the great importance of religion in this area. Religion has influenced the separation of nations and the creation of different national identity. Orthodoxy has always been of a great importance to Serbs. However, religion, as already mentioned, was significantly limited an emphasized by politics throughout history depending on the political agendas of that time. The end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21th century brought a large number of challenges for Serbia which jeopardized its national identity. The political ruling forces in Serbia have turned to religion as an element that can, without any doubt, influence on the strengthening national identity. Taking into account developments in Kosovo and Metohija during the last decades, the need for strong national identity and sense of belonging has been more important than ever. From that need arise the process of turning to religion as a way to preserve traditions and customs that have been threatened by other nations and identities. In the specific context of Kosovo it is important to keep in mind that religion is precisely the element that has sustained Serbs as a national group in these territories. Through religion, the permanence of the Serbian nation is manifested and proved day by day, not only in the territory of Kosovo and Metohija, but also in the rest of Serbia in order to maintain the spirit and morale of those who fled and left their homes.
Historiadores chilenos frente a la ausencia de las mujeres en la formación del profesorado: los retos desde la Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Marolla-Gajardo Jesús
Published: April 2021

El estudio trata sobre las concepciones de algunos historiadores chilenos sobre la ausencia y/o presencia de las mujeres y su historia en los cursos de formación del profesorado. Se enfatiza en torno a las posibilidades y las limitaciones que se visualizan al trabajar desde tales perspectivas. El trabajo es un estudio de casos realizado en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido sobre los discursos, y se reflexionó en torno a los marcos teóricos desde la didáctica de las ciencias sociales y el posestructuralismo con perspectiva de género. Lo fundamental de los resultados radica la propuesta de deconstrucción que se plantea a fin de generar innovaciones y rupturas en torno a la tradicionalidad que existe en la enseñanza de la historia y las ciencias sociales.

The study is about the conceptions of the some Chilean historians on the absence and / or presence of women and their history in teacher education program's. It is emphasized around the possibilities and limitations that are visualized when working from their perspectives. The article is a case study carried out in the city of Santiago of Chile. The research reflect on the content analysis on the discourses, and reflect on considering the theoretical frameworks from the didactics of the social sciences and gender poststructuralism. The relevance of the results lies in the proposal of deconstruction in order to generate innovations and ruptures on the traditionality in the teaching of history and social sciences.
Niveles de resiliencia y estrategias de afrontamiento: reto de las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Flórez de Alvis Lidia María del Socorro , López Coronado Jésica , Vílchez Pírela Rafael Alberto
Published: April 2021

Resumen

En este estudio se indagó sobre los niveles de resiliencia y las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los estudiantes universitarios víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano, mediante la aplicación de dos instrumentos contextualizados y validados: la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young (1993), y la Escala Coping Modificada (EEC-M), Colombia. Los resultados revelan que el nivel de resiliencia donde se ubica el mayor número de estudiantes es el medio, con un 29.2%; le sigue el muy alto, con un 23.3%; el alto, con un 22.3%; el bajo, con un 15.5%; y el muy bajo, con un 9.7%. Las estrategias de afrontamiento a las que más recurren los educandos son: religión, solución de problemas y reevaluación positiva; y a las que menos acuden son: espera, reacción agresiva, autonomía, búsqueda de apoyo profesional, expresión de la dificultad de afrontamiento y negación. Además, las estrategias más utilizadas en relación con los cinco niveles de resiliencia son: solución de problemas, religión, búsqueda de apoyo social y evitación emocional; y las menos usadas son: autonomía, negación, expresión de dificultad de afrontamiento y reacción agresiva.

Abstract

This study investigated the levels of resilience and the coping strategies used by university students who are victims of the Colombian armed conflict, through the application of two contextualized and validated instruments: the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale (1993), and the Modified Coping Scale (EEC-M), Colombia. The results reveal that the level of resilience where the highest number of students is located is the medium, with 29.2%; it is followed by the very high, with 23.3%; the high, with 22.3%; the low, with 15.5%; and the very low, with 9.7%. The coping strategies to which learners resort most are: religion, problem solving and positive re-evaluation; and those to which they resort least are: waiting, aggressive reaction, autonomy, seeking professional support, expressing coping difficulty and denial. In addition, the most widely used strategies in relation to the five levels of resilience are: problem solving, religion, seeking social support and emotional avoidance; and the least used are: autonomy, denial, expressing coping difficulties and reacting aggressively.
Acción Tutorial en Formación Profesional: perspectiva del profesorado
Authors: Cascales Martinez Antonia , Gomariz Vicente María Ángeles
Published: April 2021

La Acción Tutorial (AT) es una labor integrada en todos los niveles del sistema educativo, y por tanto en Formación Profesional (FP). A través de ella, los docentes favorecen las relaciones que se establecen en el aula con los distintos agentes implicados. El objetivo es conocer la opinión de los docentes que imparten en FP de la Región de Murcia sobre el desarrollo de la AT. Para ello se ha seguido un método no experimental, cuantitativo, tipo encuesta, con una muestra de 60 docentes. Para la recogida de datos se ha empleado el cuestionario generado tras el proceso de validación. Los resultados obtenidos destacan el beneficio de la tutoría dentro de las relaciones en el aula en FP, a la vez que consideran contribuye a mejorar diferentes aspectos en la evolución de los alumnos a nivel académico, profesional y personal, si bien necesitan de más tiempo y formación.

Tutorial Action (AT) is an integrated task at all levels of the educational system, and therefore in Vocational Training (FP). Through it, teachers promote relationships established in the classroom with the different agents involved. The objective is to know the opinion of the teachers who teach in FP of the Region of Murcia on the development of the AT. For this, a non-experimental, quantitative survey-type method was followed, with a sample of 60 teachers. For data collection, the questionnaire generated after the validation process has been used. The results obtained highlight the benefit of tutoring within classroom relationships in VET, while considering that it contributes to improving different aspects of the evolution of students at an academic, professional and personal level, although they need more time and training.
Oil Tanker Simplified Fatigue Assessment with Inspection and Repair Approach and Parameters
Authors: Ozguc Ozgur
Published: April 2021

The occurrence of cracks in the hull structure of oil tankers is an important concern for the maritime industry because crack propagation will reduce collapse strength of deck-stiffened panels and, consequently, decrease the ultimate hull girder capacity of ship’s structures.  Fatigue is an important design criteria for ships to ensure a sufficiently high safety level. Fatigue life predictions of ship’s structural details have traditionally been carried out using S-N approach and the Palmgren-Miner’s rule. The principal objective of such approach is to estimate the time to failure in order to ensure a satisfactory design lifetime of ship’s structural components. Potential cracks are considered to occur in the side shell, in the connections between longitudinal stiffeners and transverse web frame. The main objectives of the present study are to evaluate the fatigue life of vessel’s amidships using the simplified fatigue method, which is based on DNVGL-CG-0129 “Fatigue Assessment of Ship Structures” in order to determine the main cause of the observed cracks on the single skin oil tanker. Fatigue assessment was based on worldwide trade. Longitudinal stiffeners at transverse frames amidships are considered. The results show that fatigue life is generally above 20 years; however, analysis has revealed that the fatigue life of typical stiffener transitions in the side shell is below 20 years. The fatigue lives of side shell longitudinals are regarded as normal for ships built in the period between 1980 and 1990 with extensive use of high tensile steel in the side shell. Inspection and repair proposals of details with fatigue lives below 20 years are advised accordingly. Findings of fatigue analyses provide remaining life assessment, inspection plan definition, determination of repair and modification solutions, and avoiding integrity issues resulting in production downtime and hot work or dry dock.
Argument for Evidence-Based Development of Sustainable Normative Framework for Nautical Tourism Ports: Case of Croatia
Authors: Luković Tihomir , Piplica Damir , Hruska Domagoj
Published: April 2021

Optimization of nautical tourism development largely depends on national normative frameworks since the use of maritime property is highly regulated in every country. This paper argues that the normative regulation of nautical tourism should take into consideration the historical relation between the key determinants of economic development. The paper analyzes a 15-year period (2005-2019) with respect to six crucial indicators of nautical tourism development: the number of ports, marinas, berths, employees, coast size (aquatorium), and revenues. Our research found very strong positive relationship between: the number of nautical tourism ports and revenues(r = 0.931); number of marinas and revenues (r = 0.985); number of employees in nautical tourism ports and generated revenues (r = 0.960); number of nautical tourism ports and number of employees (0.987); number of marinas and number of employees (r = 0.965). In addition, an intermediate level of relationship was found between: size of the aquatorium used by nautical tourism ports and income(r = 0.454), and size of the aquatorium and number of employees (r = 0.652). Finally, the paper reports weak relationships between the number of ports and number of berths (r = 0.353); number of berths and number of employees; number of berths and size of aquatorium used (r=0.335). The research results related to size of aquatorium are especially important since the current Croatian regulations based on the system of concessions have a discouraging effect on this aspect of the development of nautical tourism ports.
Optimization of a gating system by means of simulation software to eliminate cold shut defects in casting
Authors: Šabík Vladimír , Futáš Peter , Pribulová Alena , Delimanová Petra
Published: April 2021

The current trend in foundries is to achieve the production of high quality and competitive cast components. The innovation and optimization of current processes is a necessary element to achieve this goal. With the help of numerical simulations, it is possible to replace financially demanding and time-consuming experiments in real conditions with simulations that can reliably represent foundry process using computer technology. By a detailed analysis of the simulation results, we can predict various risks that could negatively affect the production process. This article monitors the influence of changes in the design of the gating system on the surface quality of a clutch wheel casting made of ductile iron, in the production of which two models of the gating system for casting were constructed in CAD software. Verification of gating systems was performed using the simulation software NovaFlow & Solid. The aim of the design change of the gating system is to reduce the amount of liquid metal used per casting, which can have a significant economic impact on industrial production. For this purpose, several simulations of the gating system of the casting were performed, while 2 which are the most representative for the mentioned problem were selected for the needs of the article. The main task of the simulation was to set the cellular network and conditions as close as possible to the reality of casting and the subsequent design and modification of the gating system.
Optimization of Blast Furnace Throughput Based on Hearth Refractory Lining and Shell Thickness
Authors: Ossia Chinwuba Victor , Shedrack Mathew Uzoma
Published: April 2021

Computational analyses were performed to optimize the furnace throughput, steel shell and lining thickness of a blast furnace. The computations were done for measured parameters within the hearth region as this is the vital zone of the furnace with high temperature fluctuations, molten iron, and slag production. The lining materials were namely 62% high alumina (A), carbon composite (B), silicon carbide (C) and graphite bricks (D) with thermal conductivities 2, 12, 120 and 135 W/(m∙K), respectively. It was observed that by varying the refractory lining thickness from 0.2–0.35 m, and furnace inside temperatures from 1873–2073 K, certain optimal conditions could be specified for the furnace under consideration. Silicon carbide and graphite brick linings which have higher thermal conductivities, melting points, good chemical and mechanical wear resistance were observed to be the best hearth lining materials. Due to the high thermal conductivities of these two materials, the hot face temperature levels of the lining materials would be lowered. Amongst the four lining materials employed, silicon carbide and graphite bricks when used with lining cooling systems could optimize the blast furnace for better performance, production, and longer campaigns.
The Degree of Blood Supply and Infection Control Needed to Treat Diabetic Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia with Forefoot Osteomyelitis
Authors: Fujii Miki , Terashi Hiroto , Yokono Koichi , Armstrong David G.
Published: April 2021

Background

Diabetic foot ulcers combined with ischemia and infection can be difficult to treat. Few studies have quantified the level of blood supply and infection control required to treat such complex diabetic foot ulcers. We aimed to propose an index for ischemia and infection control in diabetic chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) with forefoot osteomyelitis.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 30 patients with diabetic CLTI combined with forefoot osteomyelitis who were treated surgically from January 2009 to December 2016. After 44 surgeries, we compared patient background (age, sex, hemodialysis), infection status (preoperative and 1- and 2-week postoperative C-reactive protein [CRP] levels), surgical bone margin (with or without osteomyelitis), vascular supply (skin perfusion pressure), ulcer size (wound grade 0–3 using the Society for Vascular Surgery Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection classification), and time to wound healing between patients with healing ulcers and those with nonhealing ulcers.

Results

Preoperative CRP levels and the ratio of ulcers classified as wound grade 3 were significantly lower and skin perfusion pressure was significantly higher in the healing group than in the nonhealing group (P < .05). No other significant differences were found between groups.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that debridement should be performed first to control infection if the preoperative CRP level is greater than 40 mg/L. Skin perfusion pressure of 55 mm Hg is strongly associated with successful treatment. We believe that this research could improve the likelihood of salvaging limbs in patients with diabetes with CLTI.