bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Extra ecclesiam nulla salus? Salvación de los no católicos y hermenéutica de la continuidad en la Lumen gentium
Authors: Lourimar Siqueira de QUEIRÓS Anthony
Published: November 2021

Este artículo presenta una lectura de los números 14 a 16 de la Constitución Dogmática Lumen gentium, sobre la posibilidad de salvación para los no-católicos, dentro del marco de la “hermenéutica de la reforma en la continuidad”, propuesta por el papa Benedicto xvi. En diálogo con los teólogos que han tratado este tema desde el Concilio Vaticano ii (Philips, Sullivan, Sesboüé y Canobbio), se analiza aquí las líneas de continuidad e innovación que se encuentran en la Lumen gentium, identificando los elementos doctrinales esenciales del axioma extra ecclesiam nulla salus y describiendo la nueva síntesis operada en el Concilio.
CERITA RAKYAT LELIPI SELAN BUKIT SEBAGAI MEDIA PENDIDIKAN ASPEK PALEMAHAN TRI HITA KARANA
Authors: I Wayan Aryawan
Published: November 2021

Lelipi Selan Bukit merupakan cerita rakyat yang berasal dari Desa Tenganan Pegringsingan, Kabupaten Karangasem, Propinsi Bali. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1) untuk mengetahui nilai kearifan ekologis yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat Lelipi Selan Bukit; 2) untuk mengetahui keterkaitan cerita Lelipi Selan Bukit dengan Tri Hita Karana; dan 3) untuk mengetahui perkembangan makna cerita Lelipi Selan Bukit dalam kehidupan masyarakat di Desa Tenganan Pegringsingan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan studi kepustakaan sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui kegiatan reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerita Lelipi Selan Bukit ini secara tidak langsung telah menjadi benteng bagi kawasan hutan Tenganan Pegringsingan agar tetap terjaga kelestariannya. Cerita ini memberikan dampak baik yang membuat orang-orang tidak berani sembarangan mengeksploitasi hutan. Cerita Lelipi Selan Bukit sebagai kearifan ekologis masyarakat Tenganan Pegringsingan memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan aspek Palemahan falsafah Tri Hita Karana. Dalam perkembangannya perlindungan terhadap hutan itu pun dituangkan kedalam Undang-Undang (awig-awig) Desa Tenganan Pegringsingan yang masih berlaku sampai sekarang.
HYBRID IMRT RADIATION TECHNIQUE COMPARISON WITH 3D-CRT FOR LEFT-SIDED WHOLE BREAST CANCER
Authors:   University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Pavlović Nina , Miladinović Tatjana ,   Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Stojanović Darko , Miladinović Aleksandar , Jeremić Marija
Published: November 2021

To identify the best treatment technique for patients with left-sided breast cancer, we compared plans obtained with a hybrid intensity-modulated radiation therapy (hIMRT) and conventional three- dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). Dosimetric indices for PTVs and OARs were calculated. Also, the dose coverage, homogeneity index, conformity index of the target, and the dose volumes of critical structures were analyzed. A sample of seven patients who were selected randomly treated in University Clinical Center Kragujevac between 2019 and 2020 was selected for the study. Therapy plans for both techniques were made with an ECLIPSE treatment planning system for each patient based on the same images and contours. The hybrid IMRT technique consists of two static opposed tangential fields and four optimized IMRT fields (dose ratio 70:30). For 3D-CRT planning, one isocenter with half-beam blocked tangential fields with wedges was used. All treatment plans were generated with 6 MV photon beam. Hybrid IMRT plans compared to the 3D-CRT resulted in better dose delivered to 95% (D95) of the planning target volume (PTV) and better heterogeneity HI and conformity CI. Protection for critical organs such as the heart, lungs, and contralateral breast is slightly worse than those obtained by 3D-CRT.
RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RUBBER COMPOSITES BASED ON NATURAL RUBBER LOADED WITH MINERAL OILS AND PYROLYTIC CARBON BLACK
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Stojanov Sonja , Jovičić Mirjana , Bobinac Ilija , Govedarica Olga , Pavličević Jelena , Blagojević Julijana , Govedarica Dragan , Bera Oskar
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to investigate the effect of the addition of mineral oil and pyrolytic carbon black on crosslinking the natural rubber and the mechanical properties of the crosslinked products. A rheometer determined curing characteristics at a temperature of 150 °C. The mechanical properties of prepared vulcanized composites were determined. By adding mineral oil to rubber compounds, the vulcanization reaction starts later, and it takes slightly more time to achieve the optimal vulcanization time. The addition of mineral oil to the rubber mixture achieves better dispersion of pyrolytic carbon blacks in the matrix and thus increases the physical interaction between the filler and rubber. Pyrolytic carbon black (pCB) is obtained by recycling waste products and contains a higher proportion of impurities. Due to impurities, PCB has a smaller surface area for the physical adsorption of rubber molecules than standard carbon black, and it can be assumed that this has led to a decrease in the crosslinking density. The addition of mineral oil to rubber compounds results in a slight reduction in mechanical properties. The type of carbon black has a much more significant influence on the mechanical properties of vulcanized composites based on natural rubber.
OPTIMALISASI JUMLAH KENDARAAN DAN RUTE DISTRIBUSI LOGISTIK PEMILIHAN DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI PADA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Eka Wisnu Wardhana  , Candra Dewi Oki Anita
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang permasalahan distribusi logistik pemilihan kepala daerah (Pemilihan) yang berkaitan dengan penentuan jumlah kendaraan yang tepat dan pemilihan rute terdekat dengan mempertimbangkan jarak yang dapat dilalui oleh kendaraan roda 4 atau lebih. Penentuan jumlah kendaraan dan rute yang tepat ini sangat penting bagi Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) karena aspek logistik dan distribusi sangat berpengaruh dalam memastikan suara masyarakat tersampaikan dengan baik. Selain itu aspek ini memiliki keterkaitan satu dengan lainnya baik bersifat strategis maupun teknis. Selama pandemi, distribusi logistik Pemilihan tidak hanya berkaitan dengan kebutuhan alat pemungutan suara namun juga alat pelindung diri (APD) selama pelaksanaan pemungutan. Oleh karena itu kegiatan logistik menjadi lebih banyak dengan tetap mempertimbangkan protokol kesehatan sehingga diperlukan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat menentukan jumlah kendaraan dan rute yang tepat sebagai dasar untuk mempercepat pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini fokus pada penentuan jumlah kendaraan dan rute distribusi logistik yang optimal pada Pemilihan tahun 2020 di masa pandemic COVID-19 di KPU Kabupaten Kediri menggunakan pendekatan vehicle routing problem dengan memperhatikan jarak dari google maps serta menggunakan algoritma nearest neighbor dalam menentukan jarak terdekat antar titik. Aplikasi yang dikembangkan adalah penentuan rute menggunakan Visual Basic Application (VBA) pada Microsoft Excel. Penelitian ini menghasilkan jumlah kendaraan sebanyak 12 kendaraan untuk pengiriman logistik Pemilihan maupun APD dengan batas maksimal total perjalanan setiap truk sepanjang 100 km. Selain itu terdapat 6 kecamatan yang dikunjungi dua kali karena total kebutuhan melebihi kapasitas kendaraan.
Examining the Strengths and Limitations of Ethnographic Research
Authors: Howard Natalie-Jane
Published: November 2021

Ethnography offers a holistic approach to qualitative researchers in educational contexts and appeals to scholars who wish seek to reveal rich narratives through their immersion in specific domains. This review paper examines the mobilization of the ethnographic research approach reported in studies from two distinctive learning contexts: an elementary school and a vocational college. Employing the specific evaluative criteria of Punch (2005), the desk-based study draws on existing literature to document the strengths and limitations of ethnographic method and reportage to reveal edifying insights to novice and experienced qualitative researchers who may be contemplating an ethnographic study in the future. The review reveals how extensive ethnography lends itself well to presenting thick descriptions in rich narratives to demonstrate high veracity. In contrast, this research approach may be limited in its verisimilitude, especially if ethnographers abridge their methodological and analytical descriptions and fail to acknowledge reactivity
Remarks on Church Property Restitution in Romania, With Special Focus on the Case of the Székely Mikó College
Authors: Veress Emőd
Published: November 2021

The Soviet-style dictatorship nationalized church property, primarily educational and social institutions, run by the historical churches of national minorities. After the collapse of this political regime, a quest for restitution began, which raised complex private law issues. Finally, legislation favorable for restitution was created. However, the application of the legislation unchanged in its relevant provisions has two distinct phases: the first one is favorable for restitution. The second phase started after the Romanian accession into the EU, and NATO was less favorable. The external pressure for restitution, based on the rule of law, diminished. The restitution of the national minority church property today is largely perceived as a process conflicting with Romanian national interest. These changes and the complex legal problems raised and misused even by courts are illustrated in the case of Székely Mikó College.
Recent Changes in the German Investment Screening Mechanism in Light of the EU Screening Regulation
Authors: Hagemeyer-Witzleb Teoman M. , Hindelang Steffen
Published: November 2021

In 2020 and 2021, the German investment screening laws, namely Außenwirtschaftsgesetz (AWG) and Außenwirtschaftsverordnung (AWV) were again subject to considerable reform induced by new legislation at the European level and a reshaped industry policy agenda at the national level. This article critically reviews the most significant changes brought about by one law (Erstes Gesetz zur Änderung des Außenwirtschaftsgesetzes und anderer Gesetze) and three ordinances (Fünfzehnte, Sechzehnte und Siebzente Verordnung zur Änderung der Außenwirtschaftsverordnung) and provides an overview of the reformed screening procedure. Although claims in this direction have been made, neither the reform nor the underlying Screening Regulation (EU) 2019/452 have altered the objective of review – the protection of public order or security – or bar for governmental intervention – actual and sufficiently serious danger. Both these were not ‘overwritten’ by secondary law and continue to be determined by the pertinent jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Notwithstanding this, the reform has considerably widened the ‘sensitive sectors’ in which pertinent investments must be notified to and cleared by the authorities. ‘Gun jumping’ is prohibited and parties moving forward nonetheless risk criminal prosecution. Reform has also standardised the deadlines for governmental intervention and brought about procedural clarity. What the many and frequent changes reveal on a more fundamental level is a progressing politicisation and securitisation of investment screening law.
Ranking of Legal Periodicals and Prerequisites for Academic Promotion in Serbian, Croatian, and Slovenian Law
Authors: Dudás Attila
Published: November 2021

Scholars need to obtain a certain level of international recognition for academic progression. This is usually achieved by publishing articles in internationally recognized journals, books, and conference papers. The question is which journals should be considered of international relevance and how they should be ranked. For this purpose, a ranking system based on the Journal Citation Reports (JCR), combined with the leading research engine, the Web of Science (WoS), is used. While a ranking system based on the JCR is considered most suitable for natural and technical sciences, it has many shortcomings when considering social sciences and humanities, including legal science. This is observed when such a system is applied in countries that cannot claim to have a profound impact on the global development of legal thought and where scholarly legal production is almost exclusively conducted in the national language, such as in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. This study analyzes the general laws and rules regarding the qualification of journals in Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia, and special laws pertaining to social sciences, especially legal science. Although there are many points of interest regarding different situations in which the national laws on the qualification of journals gain importance, this study focuses on the relevance of these laws in terms of the promotion of legal scholars to positions of university lecturers. It analyzes the requirements for the promotion to a full professor of law. It concludes that the laws of the three countries, through different forms, managed to find a delicate balance between the requirement of publishing articles in internationally recognized journals and the characteristics of legal science as it is predominantly conducted in the national language and addressed to a domestic audience.
Attitude of Secondary School Teachers towards Value Pattern of Education In Relation to Gender, Teaching Effectiveness and Locality
Authors:   Research Scholar, D.P. IASE, Berhampur University, Ganjam, Odisha, Mallik Nimain Charan
Published: November 2021

The investigator intended to examine the attitude of secondary school teachers towards value patterns of education in relation to Gender, Teaching effectiveness and Locality. The investigator adopted a descriptive survey method for the current study. The researcher selected by the random sampling method for data collection following four High schools of Cuttack District. Further, the investigator adopted an attitude scale developed by Rensis Likert for Data collection. For analysis of data, the researcher used the ‘t’ test. The findings showed no significant difference is found between the attitude of Male and Female Teachers on Value Education. Similarly, there is no significant difference exists between Rural and Urban teachers in their attitude towards Value Education.
The Legal Nature of Force-Majeure
Authors:   Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor, Doctorate at High School Judges with the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Isanov Kholmurod Ruzievich
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the legal nature of the force majeure in the system of legal relations. The will of the parties to a force majeure legal relationship, as a sudden or unavoidable event or situation involving their will, affects the rights and obligations between them and has certain legal consequences, the whole system of legal relations has also been examined as the basis for exemption from liability or exclusion of liability. Approaches have also been explored in distinguishing a situation that led to harm as a risk (risk) or force majeure situation in determining liability for breach of obligation. The conditions for the use of force majeure in the continental and general legal systems are analyzed, and scientific conclusions are drawn on its legal nature and its role in the national legal system.
The Effects of Aquilaria agallocha Roxb. Volatile Oil on In Vitro Ruminal Gas Production, Methane Emission, Volatile Fatty Acide Amounts and Protozoa Counts of Total Mixed Ration of Dairy Cattle
Authors: ONEL Suleyman Ercument , KARA Kanber , GÜL Mehmet , ÖZTAŞ Mehmet Akif , YILMAZ Sena
Published: November 2021

Methane (CH4), a major greenhouse gas produced during ruminal fermentation, has a significant ratio in both the economic and ecological impact of global climate change. Literature reports have been published, which suggest that dietary supplementation with plant volatile oils reduces methane emissions in ruminant production. This in vitro study was aimed at investigating the effects of agarwood (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.) volatile oil on in vitro ruminal gas production, methane emission, ruminal organic acids and protozoa counts of total mixed ration (TMR) of dairy cattle. Component analyses were performed for agarwood (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.) volatile oil. The effects of agarwood volatile oil, added to ruminal fluid at levels of 5, 10 and 15 µL/0.2 g dry matter (DM) (Groups A0, A5, A10 and A15), on in vitro ruminal digestion were determined based on in vitro gas production. In conclusion, it was ascertained that the addition of 10 µL of Aquilaria agallocha Roxb. volatile oil to ruminal fluid positively affected in vitro ruminal gas production and digestion parameters of total mixed ration (TMR) of dairy cattle, and showed an antimethanogenic effect.
Slate-red tarantula (Poecilotheria rufilata) in the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Jose K. Sunil
Published: November 2021

The Slate-red tree spider (or tarantula), Poecilotheria rufilata Pocock, 1899 is an extremely rare, endemic, little known tarantula described based on a female specimen from Thiruvananthapuram Kerala, India. This arboreal tree spider is mostly found in dead red pine, jack fruit, and white pine trees and recorded from Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve, Peppara Dam, Kallar, and Ponmudi areas between 900–1200 m elevations in Kerala. It is morphologically similar to P. ornata Pocock, 1899, which is distributed in Sri Lanka.
A breeding record of the brown hawk owl (Ninox scutulata) in Assam, India
Authors: Ranade S.P.
Published: November 2021

The brown hawk owl, Ninox scutulata (Raffles, 1822) is a common, medium sized bird of prey on the Indian subcontinent and listed as of least concern. Its distribution range extends up to eastern Siberia, Japan, the Andmans, the Malay Peninsula, the Great and Lesser Sundas, Wallacea, Taiwan, the Philippines and Australia. There are 11 well documented subspecies across this wide distribution. A pair of brown hawk owls was observed nesting on a Dillenia indica tree (Family Dilleniaceae), in Guwahati, Kamrup District, Assam, India. The nest was in a cavity at a height of about 4 m. The tree was about 14 m tall and the main trunk was about 7 m in girth. It had a dense canopy with its large elliptical leaves.
Gliding behaviour of Indian giant flying squirrel (Petaurista philippensis)
Authors: Barthwal D. , Jangid A.K. , Dharaiya N.
Published: November 2021

The Indian giant flying squirrel or large brown flying squirrel, Petaurista philippensis (Elliot, 1839) is one of 13 gliding squirrel species found in India. Nocturnal by nature, they have ability to glide up to 150 m. We studied its gliding habit in the human-modified landscape of the Kevdi ecotourism site (22.5198ºN, 73.9356ºE; Fig. 1), Panchmahal District, between two protected areas in Gujarat: Ratanmahal Sloth Bear Sanctuary and Jambughoda Wildlife Sanctuary. The Kevdi ecotourism site is a known locality of this species. Here, we present basic information on the gliding ecology of the species in the dry deciduous forests of central Gujarat.
Exploring Art Therapy as a Treatment for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jeong Junhyeong , Shim Paul
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the various therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to discover a more effective method in connection with the research results in other fields. Art therapy was initially used at British mental hospitals to help frequently inhibited patients release creative and positive energy. As art therapy gained more attention, its usage expanded t­­­o help cure patients not only with mental disorders, but also developmental disorders like ASD. Actively used in social facilities and psychiatric treatment, art therapy is one of the most used methods to interact and understand individuals with ASD.  Substantial number of papers have been published based on these various practical case studies, which proves the effectiveness of art therapy. Art therapy for children with ASD includes the following: clay, corrugated cardboard work and color mix work, drawing with crayon, paint, and pastel. These materials are frequently used to draw or create body parts, emotions, motions, and specific objects given by the instructor. From the data from research papers, clay and other tactile materials are one of the most effective materials to use to improve the condition of individuals with ASD, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and other mental disorders. Clay-based methods use the sense of touch and vision to create an abstraction process. As the usage of art therapy continues to increase in various fields, integrating effective methods among other disorders is necessary and further investigation is needed for a more effective therapy method for individuals with ASD.
Yabancı Öğrencilerin Türkiye’de Eğitim Kurumu Seçmelerinde Ağızdan Ağıza Pazarlamanın Rolü
Authors: Darkhanbay Bolysbek , Leblebici Koçer Leyla
Published: November 2021

“Ağızdan ağıza pazarlama” (AAP) kavramı kişilerin kullandıkları ürün ya da hizmetler hakkındaki düşüncelerini çevresindeki kişiler ve sevdikleri ile paylaşması şeklinde ifade edilmektedir. Yabancı öğrencilerin Türkiye’de eğitim kurumu seçmelerinde AAP’dan yararlanarak karar vermeleri doğru seçim yapabilmeleri açısından önemlidir. Çalışmanın temel amacı yabancı öğrencilerin Türkiye’de eğitim kurumu seçmelerinde ağızdan ağıza pazarlamanın rolünün belirlenmesidir. Bu amaca göre Türkiye’de eğitim görmek isteyen ya da eğitim görmekte olan 209 Kazakistanlı öğrenciye “Google Forms”da oluşturulan anket online olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada AAP’nın rolü AAP’nin alt boyutlarına göre (uzmanlık, fikir arayışı, fikir liderliği, algılanan risk, tavsiye) incelenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre; algılanan risk ve tavsiye boyutunun cinsiyete göre farklılık gösterdiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Uzmanlık, fikir liderliği, fikir arayışı ve algılanan risk boyutları kişisel nitelendirme özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterirken, öğrencilerin tavsiye almak isteyip istememelerinin sadece fikir arayışı ve tavsiye boyutlarına göre farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca fikir arayışı boyutu ile yararlanılan bilgi seçeneği arasında da anlamlı farklar tespit edilmiştir.
Cambio de área glaciar en el volcán Maipo (Andes Centrales), una aproximación morfométrica: 4 décadas de registros satelitales
Authors: Lo Vecchio Repetto Andrés , Candela Mario , Falaschi Daniel , Otero Federico , Videla María Alejandrina , Lenzano María Gabriela , Rivera Andrés
Published: November 2021

Current climatic conditions in Central Andes (CA) (31-36 °S) have triggered the reduction of glacier area. Although CA are geographically circumscribed to an area under the same macroclimatic domain, their rugged topography creates several topoclimates as response to the effects of elevation, slope and aspect (morphometric factors). This study explores the impact of morphometric factors on the evolution of the glacial surface located above of Maipo volcano (34°09'50''S; 69°49'53''W). Through the use of 11 LANDSAT images (MSS, TM and OLI), the spatio-temporal evolution (period 1976-2020) of the glacier area was reconstructed. On this period, glacier area was reduced by 6 ± 0.5 km2 (-0.14 ± 0.01 km2a-1), equal to 63 % of 1976 glacial area (9.6 ± 0.5 km2). Fifty percent of the reduction occurred between 3,900 and 4,000 m elevation, with absolute losses towards lower elevations. In addition, it was detected that for every 100 m of ascent the relative area loss rate decreased 0.1 %a-1 (R2 = 0.81; p-value
El rol de la exploración geofísica en acuíferos profundos en ambientes semiurbanos y rurales en cuencas de ante arco Andino, caso de estudio en acuífero del río Ñuble, Valle Central de Chile
Authors: Aguirre Igor , Maringue José , Santibáñez Isabel , Yáñez Gonzalo
Published: November 2021

The hydric resource coming from groundwater has a strategic nature at global scale, within a context of overpopulation and over exploitation of the resource and climate change. Chile doesn’t scape to it, where climate models predict a drought for most of the country, including partially, the agriculture region of the Central Valley between Santiago and Puerto Montt. The adaption process to global change demands the exploration new sources of provisions of this resource, being strategic the one coming from aquifers. To date, the knowledge of these resources is limited to depths below 200 m in each aquifer. However, in the Central Valley between Santiago and Chiloé, the geophysical evidences allow to infer the existence of a thick volcano-sedimentary basin growing in thickness southward well above 500m, with good potential for occurrence of large groundwater resources.

The characterization of deep aquifers, 200-1,000 m of depth, demands to have an exploration tool economic, non-invasive, and reliable, able to be applied in semi-urban and rural environments, where the water resource need is higher.

The geophysical methodologies meet these characteristics and have been applied in Chile and elsewhere as an exploration tool of ground water resources. However, its application have not been described in Andean environments, of large population and/or agro-industrial activity. In consequence, the present work raises a methodological strategy for the characterization of groundwater resources, in particular for the detection of deep resources. We propose the application of a combination of complementary geophysical techniques, including electrical, electromagnetic, and gravimetric methods (to determine the aquifer geometry) along with complementary techniques, like magnetometry, to reduce interpretation ambiguity and , constrained by hydrogeological information and petrophysics of rocks and sediments of the basin and basement. Complementary, we include an analysis of the potential effects of cultural noise and its effects on geophysical observations, given the focus of exploration in semi-urban and rural places.

With the aim to validate the proposed methodology we use as a case study the aquifer of Ñuble river, in the Ñuble region, Chile. This aquifer properly represents an Andean forearc environment in rural and semi-urban condition, and potentially hosting a deep seated aquifer. The results allow the characterization of an aquifer with hydrogeological potential between 50 and 300-500 depth, overlying a sedimentary basin of more than 1,000 m thickness. The application of the proposed methodology for the exploration of groundwater resources will provide, in consequence, the recognition of a vital relevance resource for the sustainability of Chile during the following decades.
A Cultural History of Color in the Age of Enlightenment
Authors: Wolf Kirsten
Published: November 2021

Volume 2 A Cultural History of Color in the Medieval Age covers the period 500 to 1400. The medieval age saw an extraordinary burst of color - from illuminated manuscripts and polychrome sculpture to architecture and interiors, and from enamelled and jewelled metalwork to colored glass and the exquisite decoration of artefacts. Color was used to denote affiliation in heraldry and social status in medieval clothes. Color names were created in various languages and their resonance explored in poems, romances, epics, and plays. And, whilst medieval philosophers began to explain the rainbow, theologians and artists developed a color symbolism for both virtues and vices.

Color shapes an individual’s experience of the world and also how society gives particular spaces, objects, and moments meaning. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Color examines how color has been created, traded, used, and interpreted over the last 5000 years. The themes covered in each volume are color philosophy and science; color technology and trade; power and identity; religion and ritual; body and clothing; language and psychology; literature and the performing arts; art; architecture and interiors; and artefacts.

Volume 2 in the Cultural History of Color set. General Editors: Carole P. Biggam and Kirsten Wolf
DIAGNÓSTICO DA CARDIOMIOPATIA HIPERTRÓFICA FELINA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA ATUAL
Authors: Moizes Mariana Martins Navas , Silva Rebeca Karoline Ribeiro Dos Santos
Published: November 2021

Introdução: As cardiomiopatias constituem um importante grupo de doenças cardíacas, caracterizadas pelo comprometimento estrutural e funcional do músculo cardíaco. As cardiomiopatias são classificadas, na generalidade em cardiomiopatia hipertrófica, cardiomiopatia restritiva, cardiomiopatia dilatada, cardiomiopatia indeterminada e cardiomiopatia arritmogênica ventricular direita. Os animais acometidos pela CMH podem ter uma apresentação clínica sintomática ou assintomática. Os principais sinais clínicos incluem alterações respiratórias devido ao edema pulmonar, como taquipneia, ofegação, cansaço fácil e dispneia. O diagnóstico precoce possibilita estabelecer uma melhor terapêutica aos animais, preservando funções sistêmicas e aumentando a expectativa de vida dos animais. Os biomarcadores têm grande potencial em identificar o estágio assintomático da CMH. O tratamento se dá de acordo com o estadiamento da doença. O prognóstico da CMH costuma ser reservado. Existem fatores variáveis como os sinais e apresentação clínica do animal, doenças secundárias envolvidas e sua resposta aos tratamentos. Objetivo: O principal objetivo é apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Felina, abordando etiologia, classificações, apresentação clínica, diagnóstico, tratamento, controle e prevenção, com o enfoque no diagnóstico da doença. Material e Métodos: Seguindo os preceitos de estudo exploratório, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Os materiais utilizados são trabalhos publicados em plataformas reconhecidas na comunidade científica, com o critério de serem recentes (publicados a partir de 2005) e que possuam aprovação pela comunidade científica. Resultados: A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica é das doenças cardiovasculares mais importantes nos felinos. O comprometimento do relaxamento ventricular e pela hipertrofia concêntrica do ventrículo esquerdo acarreta ao aparecimento de alterações da pressão de enchimento ventricular com dilatação do átrio esquerdo, levando ao desenvolvimento de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. O diagnóstico é realizado por ecocardiografia, radiografia e eletrocardiografia. O prognóstico é bastante reservado, sendo possível prolongar a sobrevivência com a instituição da terapêutica mais adequada. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir a importância da cardiomiopatia hipertrófica felina como a doença de maior incidência nesta espécie. O diagnóstico complexo de dá por ser uma doença primária ou secundária a uma série de afecções sistêmicas. O exame ecocardiográfico é padrão ouro no diagnóstico da CMH. O prognóstico reservado se dá pelo caráter crônico e progressivo da doença.
SISTEMA CRISPR/CAS NO MELHORAMENTO GENÉTICO DE PLANTAS
Authors: Pereira Silmare Nogueira do Nascimento
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O melhoramento genético de plantas tem o importante desafio de atender às exigências dos consumidores em quantidade e qualidade em um curto período de tempo. Sendo considerada uma tecnologia rápida, direta e de baixo custo, o sistema de edição genômica CRISPR/Cas marca uma evolução do melhoramento genético. Foi usado em plantas pela primeira vez em 2013, ocasião na qual possibilitou modificar quatro genes de um cultivar de arroz e um gene de um cultivar de trigo, e desde então tem sido alvo de estudos que visam acelerar a produção. Objetivos: Analisar o uso do sistema CRISPR/Cas em plantas e as perspectivas para o futuro do melhoramento vegetal. Material e Métodos: Foram analisados artigos científicos em periódicos de biotecnologia, genética e agronomia. O acesso foi através das plataformas Scielo, Periódicos CAPES, Science.gov e Microsoft Academic, durante o período de 21 a 23 de junho de 2021. A análise se deu de forma qualitativa a partir da leitura de cada artigo. Resultados: Atualmente, o sistema CRISPR/Cas vem sendo utilizado em várias espécies com o intuito de melhorar características de interesse agronômico como resistência às doenças, tolerância à estresse hídrico, aumento de rendimento e melhoria na qualidade. Pesquisadores tem obtido milho com maior concentração de amilopectina; genótipos de trigo resistentes ao fungo do míldio; exemplares de beterraba com 60 a 80% menos vírus do topo encaracolado e plantas de feijão de 5 a 87% menos infectadas pelo vírus que causa nanismo na espécie. A perspectiva é que em um futuro próximo se tenha sistemas CRISPR/Cas que combinem marcadores celulares com características de interesses, permitindo a visualização de genótipo e fenótipo nos primeiros estágios de desenvolvimento, acelerando o processo de melhoramento genético. A tecnologia CRISPR/Cas deve ainda auxiliar na recuperação da biodiversidade, através do desenvolvimento de novos germoplasmas. Com isso, as plantas desenvolvidas a partir dessa técnica poderão contribuir nas questões ambientais. Conclusão: O sistema CRISPR/Cas tem enorme potencial de acelerar o melhoramento genético de plantas e superar obstáculos de produção.
Investigation of Wickless Heat Pipe Performance Filled With R134a
Authors:   Technical Engineering Collage / the Midland Technical University/ Baghdad- Iraq., Ahmed Abed Huthaifa , H. Majeed Majid ,   Prof.dr. Technical Engineering Collage / the Midland Technical University/ Baghdad- Iraq., Q. Mohammad Ahmad ,   Prof.dr. Technical Engineering Collage / the Midland Technical University/ Baghdad- Iraq.
Published: November 2021

The wickless heat pipe (theroosyphon) is ordinate of three divisions the condenser, evaporator and insulated region (adiabatic region). In this work, the condenser and evaporator regions are made of copper tube with a length of 300 mm, for each an exterior diameter of 28.2 mm and an interior diameter of 26.4 mm. While the insulated region has a length of 400 mm and an exterior diameter of 28.2 mm. The evaporator region of the heat pipe bounded by a coiled heat source that represented the heat source. The condenser is encapsulated in a plastic cylinder to accommodate the flow of the cooling water. Thermosyphon has been filled by R- 134a working fluid. The effect of heat input, filling ratio and sink temperature were all tested and measurement. The results showed that the heat transfer performance increases when the applied energy to the evaporator increases while the total heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe increases the gradient temperature between the medium of the evaporator and the condenser increases. The optimum fill rate is 119 % (250g), the sink temperature is 20°C, and it has been found to be suitable for optimum heat pipe performance.
Cointegral Crystalization Of Triple Bottom Financial Reports And The Performance Of Hydrocarbon Companies
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria., A. Effiong Sunday , F. Idiege Ahakiri, ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria., A. Adesola Fadenipo ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria., John Obono Okoi, ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Published: November 2021

The study considered the co-integral consequences of Triple Bottom Line financial reports of listed hydrocarbon companies on their financial outlooks. It was conducted to evaluate the crystalized correlation of responsible hydrocarbon companies on their financial fortunes. In simple terms, the research looked for answers to the question of whether it is financially worthwhile for corporate citizens to be responsible. The study employed the expos facto design where secondary data were obtained from the annual reports of the listed hydrocarbon companies on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The least-square multiple linear regression analysis methods were employed to establish the degree of financial crystallization consequential to the adoption of the triple bottom reporting format. Social, economic, and environmental reports of the studied listed hydrocarbon companies were co-integrated with the returns on assets of the companies, to establish the level of crystallization of the explanatory variables with the response variable. The crystallized results revealed that economic disclosure and environmental disclosure have limited significant crystallization characteristics on the returns on assets, while social disclosure showed significantly positive crystallization characteristics with returns on assets of the studied companies. Arising from these findings, therefore, the study recommended that a mandatory reporting framework be put in place for hydrocarbon companies listed on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange to encourage sustainability reporting.
An efficient HUIBA Algorithm for Mining High Utility Itemset
Authors:   Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India., Bhuvaneswari M.S. , Balaganesh N. ,   Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India.
Published: November 2021

Utility Mining is to spot the itemsets with highest utilities, by considering profit, quantity, cost or other user preferences. Mining High Utility itemsets from a transaction database is to seek out itemsets that have utility above a user-specified threshold. Bio inspired algorithm is extremely efficient for mining High Utility Itemset(HUI), but it will not find all HUI in the database and the quality is poor within the number of discovered HUI. A replacement framework using BA algorithm is proposed to rectify this issue. The proposed algorithm is more efficient in terms of quality and convergence speed when put next to other algorithms.
Experimental Investigation of spherical food product at different air velocities and radial positions during forced convection cooling
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.202002., Hussain Taliv , Kumar Ashish ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.202002., Ahmad Ashad ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.202002.
Published: November 2021

Using pre-cooling technique, food products of perishable nature are desired to be conserved from spoiling. Fruits and vegetables and are suggested to be precooled just after harvesting to avoid any food decay. The precooling enhance their storage life and keeps up quality of vegetables and fruits. Thus, an experimental analysis has been carried out to study temperature variation of spherical food product, i.e. mosambi, during the precooling process. In the current study, the effect of three different air velocities, i.e. 4.3, 4.8 and 5.0 m/s, during precooling of spherical food product has been observed in a forced convection environment. Also, determination of the thermophysical properties of the spherical food product for three different radial positions, i.e. XC= 0.042 m (centre), XM= 0.028 mm (middle) and XS= 0.014 m (surface), has been carried out. The effect of different air velocities and different radial positions on temperature profile of food product was detected. It has been noticed that proper choice of cold air velocity can decrease cooling time of spherical food product, hence resulting in energy saving.
ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO SOBRE O EFEITO DO FIM DAS COLIGAÇÕES NAS ELEIÇÕES MUNICIPAIS BRASILEIRAS DE 2020
Authors: Matheus Thiago Alexandre Melo
Published: November 2021

Diversos estudos já discutiram as consequências que as coligações teriam para a fragmentação partidária e para a representatividade das candidaturas em eleições proporcionais no Brasil. O presente trabalho pretende resgatar essas discussões e analisar a dinâmica entre coligações e resultados eleitorais no contexto das eleições municipais de 2020. Esse estudo exploratório é realizado a partir de comparações entre os dados de 2016 e 2020, tentando identificar possíveis consequências que o fim das coligações nas eleições proporcionais pode ter provocado nos resultados dos pleitos municipais e a partir disso refletir sobre possíveis impactos nas eleições de 2022. As análises realizadas sugerem influência do fim das coligações no grau de fragmentação das bancadas municipais e também nas estratégias eleitorais dos partidos. Espera-se que os resultados alcançados possam contribuir para entender as dinâmicas que surgiram no sistema político brasileiro com o fim das coligações e também sugerir caminhos para pesquisas futuras.
A NOVA DINÂMICA LOCAL NA COMUNICAÇÃO LEGISLATIVA: UM OLHAR SOBRE O PERFIL DAS TVS CÂMARAS MUNICIPAIS DO INTERIOR DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Vieira Maria Carolina Silva Rocha , Vicente Maximiliano Martin
Published: November 2021

Com a criação da Rede Legislativa de TV, em 2012, as emissoras ligadas aos Poderes Legislativos federais, estaduais e municipais, antes com atuação dispersa, passam a ter a chance de se tornar um bloco mais coeso. Baseada na multiprogramação e na divisão de responsabilidades, a nova configuração da Rede traz ainda um inédito protagonismo ao cenário local. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica, levantamento de dados oficiais e entrevistas com gestores, este artigo lança um olhar às TVs Câmaras municipais (do interior do estado de São Paulo, onde hoje há a maior concentração destas), investigando se nelas residem possibilidades para uma comunicação legislativa local que não só trabalhe com o conceito de transparência, mas também com a promoção de cidadania e aproximação da sociedade às esferas de tomadas de decisões.
PLENÁRIOS AO VIVO: UM MAPEAMENTO DAS TRANSMISSÕES DOS PARLAMENTOS DO CONTINENTE AMERICANO
Authors: Carvalho Ginny Carla Morais de , Lemos Claudia Regina Fonseca
Published: November 2021

O artigo apresenta o mapeamento inédito das transmissões ao vivo, em vídeo, das sessões plenárias dos parlamentos do continente americano, analisadas sob a ótica de estudos acerca de transparência, publicidade e accountability. Os dados obtidos por meio de observação sistemática direta mostram que 51 entre as 55 casas parlamentares nacionais oferecem ao menos uma forma para a população assistir em tempo real as discussões e decisões dos plenários. Considerando a multiplicidade de formatos, estabeleceu-se quatro níveis informativos, que implicam em graus diferenciados de transparência e publicidade. Concluiu-se que a maior parte dos parlamentos do continente ainda necessita qualificar o conteúdo das transmissões, ampliando o compromisso com o entendimento e com o engajamento do público.
DE ABATIÁ A XAMBRÊ: A ATUAÇÃO DOS LEGISLATIVOS MUNICIPAIS NO FACEBOOK E A PRESENÇA DOS CONCEITOS DE PROXIMIDADE, TRANSPARÊNCIA E ACCOUNTABILITY NA COMUNICAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Massuchin Michele Goulart , Oliveira Paula Andressa de
Published: November 2021

Este artigo busca discutir como as Câmaras Municipais do Paraná, instituições representativas que se colocam mais próximas dos cidadãos, integram práticas de accountability, proximidade e transparência às dinâmicas estabelecidas no Facebook, ferramenta utilizada para ampliar a relação entre representantes e representados por meio da comunicação pública digital. A pesquisa monitorou as fanpages dos legislativos a partir de três etapas: levantamento sobre a existência ou não de páginas dos parlamentos, raspagem das postagens durante 60 dias e análise quantitativa dos conteúdos. O trabalho resultou na observação sistemática de 3.832 mil postagens feitas por 130 legislativos municipais em suas contas institucionais. Os resultados indicam usos distintos quanto à intensidade, características que denotam ênfase nos atores, prevalência das transmissões de sessões e ausência de diálogo.
INVISIBILIADADE OU ANACRONISMO FAMILIAR? REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE FAMÍLIA NO ESTATUTO DA FAMÍLIA (PL 6583/2013)
Authors: Alves Weverton Fernandes Bento , Rezende Daniela Leandro
Published: November 2021

A família consiste em uma construção social, variável com o tempo, o contexto histórico e as mudanças sociais. Porém, o Projeto de Lei 6583 de 2013 (PL 6583/2013) visa instituir o Estatuto da Família no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e reconhece apenas a união nuclear heterossexual e monogâmica como família e estigmatiza os demais arranjos familiares. Este artigo, amparado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, por meio da revisão bibliográfica e da análise documental, analisou a redação original e a justificativa do PL 6583/2013 e constatou-se que a representação social de família nesta proposição consiste em uma ideologia da frente parlamentar evangélica na Câmara dos Deputados. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a finalidade do PL 6583/2013 é a tentativa de reafirmação da família enquanto instituição “natural” e funciona como um mecanismo de controle de comportamentos sociais.
Health insurance policy on surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity
Authors: Kim Ho-Joong
Published: November 2021

Background: Recent burgeoning research on adult spinal deformity (ASD) has unveiled the benefits of surgical treatment and how to gain the benefits although these have only been around for 10 years.Current Concepts: During the last decade, the significance of pelvic incidence in the global spinal sagittal alignment and introductions of the Scoliosis Research Society-Schwab classification for ASD have been the guidelines of surgical treatment for ASD and the milestones for promising surgical results. However, one of the unsolved problems for the surgical treatment of ASD is the proximal junctional kyphosis, for which multifactorial causative factors have been suggested. Recent studies have focused on dynamic natures in patients with ASD during daily activities, which might be a clue for both prevention of proximal junctional kyphosis and a better level of surgical results. Even though a recent remarkable advancement for surgical treatment for ASD is present, the national guideline for reimbursement is still following the surgical indication for lumbar degenerative kyphosis published in 1988.Discussion and Conclusion: A significant gap exists between the national reimbursement guideline and generally held surgical indication for ASD surgery. Consequently, this huge gap raises trouble in both patients and surgeons. The patients with ASD cannot take an appropriate surgery for ASD, while the spine surgeons experience unreasonable adjustment of the cost by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.