bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Out-of-Plane Aptamer Functionalization of RNA Three-Helix Tiles
Authors: Chopra Aradhana , Sagredo Sandra , Grossi Guido , Andersen Ebbe S. , Simmel Friedrich C.
Published: April 2019

Co-transcriptionally folding RNA nanostructures have great potential as biomolecular scaffolds, which can be used to organize small molecules or proteins into spatially ordered assemblies. Here, we develop an RNA tile composed of three parallel RNA double helices, which can associate into small hexagonal assemblies via kissing loop interactions between its two outer helices. The inner RNA helix is modified with an RNA motif found in the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which provides a 90° bend. This modification is used to functionalize the RNA structures with aptamers pointing perpendicularly away from the tile plane. We demonstrate modifications with the fluorogenic malachite green and Spinach aptamers as well with the protein-binding PP7 and streptavidin aptamers. The modified structures retain the ability to associate into larger assemblies, representing a step towards RNA hybrid nanostructures extending in three dimensions.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanofibers Encapsulating an Anhydrous Preparation of Fluorescent SiO2–Tb3+ Nanoparticles
Authors: Shi Jianhang , Wang Yanxin , Huang Linjun , Lu Peng , Sun Qiuyu , Wang Yao , Tang Jianguo , Belfiore Laurence , Kipper Matt
Published: April 2019

A novel anhydrous preparation of silica (SiO2)-encapsulated terbium (Tb3+) complex nanoparticles has been investigated. The SiO2-Tb3+ nanoparticles are incorporated in electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone hybrid nanofibers. Transmission electron microscopy confirms that Tb3+ complexes are uniformly and stably encapsulated in or carried by nanosilica. The influence of pH on the fluorescence of Tb3+ complexes is discussed. The properties, composition, structure, and luminescence of the resulting SiO2–Tb3+ hybrid nanoparticles are investigated in detail. There is an increase in the fluorescence lifetime of SiO2–Tb3+ nanoparticles and SiO2–Tb3+/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hybrid nanofibers compared with the pure Tb3+ complexes. Due to the enhanced optical properties, the fluorescent hybrid nanofibers have potential applications as photonic and photoluminescent materials.
Chemical and Bio Sensing Using Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Silver Alexander , Kitadai Hikari , Liu He , Granzier-Nakajima Tomotaroh , Terrones Mauricio , Ling Xi , Huang Shengxi
Published: April 2019

Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material consisting of a single sheet of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms laced in a hexagonal lattice, with potentially wide usage as a Raman enhancement substrate, also termed graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS), making it ideal for sensing applications. GERS improves upon traditional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), combining its single-molecule sensitivity and spectral fingerprinting of molecules, and graphene’s simple processing and superior uniformity. This enables fast and highly sensitive detection of a wide variety of analytes. Accordingly, GERS has been investigated for a wide variety of sensing applications, including chemical- and bio-sensing. As a derivative of GERS, the use of two-dimensional materials other than graphene for Raman enhancement has emerged, which possess remarkably interesting properties and potential wider applications in combination with GERS. In this review, we first introduce various types of 2D materials, including graphene, MoS2, doped graphene, their properties, and synthesis. Then, we describe the principles of GERS and comprehensively explain how the GERS enhancement factors are influenced by molecular and 2D material properties. In the last section, we discuss the application of GERS in chemical- and bio-sensing, and the prospects of such a novel sensing method.
Fabrication of Flexible, Lightweight, Magnetic Mushroom Gills and Coral-Like MXene–Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites for EMI Shielding Application
Authors: Raagulan Kanthasamy , Braveenth Ramanaskanda , Lee Lee Ro , Lee Joonsik , Kim Bo Mi , Moon Jai Jung , Lee Sang Bok , Chai Kyu Yun
Published: April 2019

MXenes, carbon nanotubes, and nanoparticles are attractive candidates for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The composites were prepared through a filtration technique and spray coating process. The functionalization of non-woven carbon fabric is an attractive strategy. The prepared composite was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy. The MXene-oxidized carbon nanotube-sodium dodecyl sulfate composite (MXCS) exhibited 50.5 dB (99.999%), and the whole nanoparticle-based composite blocked 99.99% of the electromagnetic radiation. The functionalization increased the shielding by 15.4%. The composite possessed good thermal stability, and the maximum electric conductivity achieved was 12.5 Scm−1. Thus, the composite shows excellent potential applications towards the areas such as aeronautics, mobile phones, radars, and military.
Serum Lutein is related to Relational Memory Performance
Authors: Cannavale Corinne N. , Hassevoort Kelsey M. , Edwards Caitlyn G. , Thompson Sharon V. , Burd Nicholas A. , Holscher Hannah D. , Erdman John W. , Cohen Neal J. , Khan Naiman A.
Published: April 2019

Dietary carotenoids, plant pigments with anti-oxidant properties, accumulate in neural tissue and are often found in lower concentrations among individuals with obesity. Given previous evidence of negative associations between excess adiposity and memory, it is possible that greater carotenoid status may confer neuroprotective effects among persons with overweight or obesity. This study aimed to elucidate relationships between carotenoids assessed in diet, serum, and the macula (macular pigment optical density (MPOD)) and relational memory among adults who are overweight or obese. Adults aged 25–45 years (N = 94) completed a spatial reconstruction task. Task performance was evaluated for accuracy of item placement during reconstruction relative to the location of the item during the study phase. Dietary carotenoids were assessed using 7-day diet records. Serum carotenoids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between carotenoids and task performance. Although initial correlations indicated that dietary lutein, beta-carotene, and serum beta-carotene were positively associated with memory performance, these relationships were not sustained following adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Serum lutein remained positively associated with accuracy in object binding and inversely related to misplacement error after controlling for covariates. Macular carotenoids were not related to memory performance. Findings from this study indicate that among the carotenoids evaluated, lutein may play an important role in hippocampal function among adults who are overweight or obese.
Melt-Cast Films Significantly Enhance Triamcinolone Acetonide Delivery to the Deeper Ocular Tissues
Authors: Tatke Akshaya , Dudhipala Narendar , Janga Karthik Yadav , Soneta Bhavik , Avula Bharathi , Majumdar Soumyajit
Published: April 2019

Delivering an effective drug load to the posterior section of the ocular tissues, while using a non-invasive technique, has always been a challenge. In this regard, the goal of the present study was to develop sustained release triamcinolone acetonide (TA) loaded polymeric matrix films for ocular delivery. The TA-films were prepared in two different polymer matrices, with drug loadings of 10% and 20% w/w, and they were evaluated for ocular distribution in vivo in a conscious rabbit model. A 4% w/v TA suspension (TA-C) was used as a control for in vitro and in vivo studies. The TA-films, prepared with melt-cast technology, used polyethylene oxide (PEO) and Soluplus® as the polymer matrix. The films were evaluated with respect to assay, content uniformity, excipient interaction, and permeability across isolated rabbit sclera. The distribution of TA in the ocular tissues, post topical administration, was determined in New Zealand male albino rabbits as a function of dose, and was compared against TA-C. The assay of the 10% and 20% w/w film was in the range from 70–79% and 92–94% for the Soluplus® and PEO films, respectively, and content uniformity was in the range of 95–103% for both the films. The assay of the TA from Soluplus® films was less compared with the PEO films and showed an interaction with TA, as revealed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Hence, Soluplus® films were not selected for further studies. No interaction was observed between the drug and PEO polymer matrix. The enhancement of trans-scleral flux and permeability of TA was about 1.16 and 1.33-folds, respectively, from the 10% w/w PEO and 3.5 and 2.12-folds, respectively, from the 20% w/w PEO films, as compared with TA-C formulations. The in vivo studies demonstrate that significantly higher TA levels were observed in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye at the end of 6h with the PEO films. Therefore, the PEO based polymeric films were able to deliver TA into the back of the eye efficiently and for prolonged periods.
Controller Design and Control Structure Analysis for a Novel Oil–Water Multi-Pipe Separator
Authors: Ohrem Sveinung Johan , Skjefstad Håvard Slettahjell , Stanko Milan , Holden Christian
Published: April 2019

To enable more efficient production of hydrocarbons on the seabed in waters where traditional separator equipment is infeasible, the offshore oil and gas industry is leaning towards more compact separation equipment. A novel multi-pipe separator concept, designed to meet the challenges of subsea separation, has been developed at the Department of Geoscience and Petroleum at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. In this initial study, a control structure analysis for the novel separator concept, based on step-response experiments, is presented. Proportional-integral controllers and model reference adaptive controllers are designed for the different control loops. The proportional-integral controllers are tuned based on the well-established simple internal model control tuning rules. Both control methods are implemented and tested on a prototype of the separator concept. Different measurements are controlled, and results show that the performance of the separator under varying inlet conditions can be improved with proper selection of control inputs and measurements.
Life Cycle Assessment of Maize-Germ Oil Production and the Use of Bioenergy to Mitigate Environmental Impacts: A Gate-To-Gate Case Study
Authors: Gaglio Mattias , Tamburini Elena , Lucchesi Francesco , Aschonitis Vassilis , Atti Anna , Castaldelli Giuseppe , Fano Elisa Anna
Published: April 2019

The need to reduce the environmental impacts of the food industry is increasing together with the dramatic increment of global food demand. Circulation strategies such as the exploitation of self-produced renewable energy sources can improve ecological performances of industrial processes. However, evidence is needed to demonstrate and characterize such environmental benefits. This study assessed the environmental performances of industrial processing of maize edible oil, whose energy provision is guaranteed by residues biomasses. A gate-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach was applied for a large-size factory of Northern Italy to describe: (i) the environmental impacts related to industrial processing and (ii) the contribution of residue-based bioenergy to their mitigation, through the comparison with a reference system based on conventional energy. The results showed that oil refinement is the most impacting phase for almost all the considered impact categories. The use of residue-based bioenergy was found to drastically reduce the emissions for all the impact categories. Moreover, Cumulative Energy Demand analysis revealed that the use of biomass residues increased energy efficiency through a reduction of the total energy demand of the industrial process. The study demonstrates that the exploitation of residue-based bioenergy can be a sustainable solution to improve environmental performances of the food industry, while supporting circular economy.
Measuring Product Material Footprint as New Life Cycle Impact Assessment Method: Indicators and Abiotic Characterization Factors
Authors: Mostert Clemens , Bringezu Stefan
Published: April 2019

The global economy is using growing amounts of natural resources such as raw materials, water, and land by making and using goods, services, and infrastructure. Aspirations on international, regional, and national levels e.g., the Sustainable Development Goals, the EU flagship initiative Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe or the German Program for Resource Efficiency are showing an urgent need to bring the global raw material use down to sustainable levels. An essential prerequisite to identify resource efficient options and to implement resource efficiency measures and solutions is the ability to compare different products or services regarding their raw material use. Until today, there is no internationally standardized approach defined and no software supported calculation method including the necessary data basis available to measure the raw material intensity of products. A new life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) method Product Material Footprint PMF is described. Two indicators are used to quantify the PMF: the Raw Material Input RMI and the Total Material Requirement TMR. The calculation of global median values for the characterization factors CFRMI and CFTMR of abiotic materials was done based on different databases. This article presents the methodological approach of the PMF, the calculation results for CFRMI of 42 abiotic materials and CFTMR of 36 abiotic materials, and the implementation of the LCIA method into the software openLCA for use with the ecoinvent database.
Ship Detection Based on YOLOv2 for SAR Imagery
Authors: Chang Yang-Lang , Anagaw Amare , Chang Lena , Wang Yi Chun , Hsiao Chih-Yu , Lee Wei-Hong
Published: April 2019

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery has been used as a promising data source for monitoring maritime activities, and its application for oil and ship detection has been the focus of many previous research studies. Many object detection methods ranging from traditional to deep learning approaches have been proposed. However, majority of them are computationally intensive and have accuracy problems. The huge volume of the remote sensing data also brings a challenge for real time object detection. To mitigate this problem a high performance computing (HPC) method has been proposed to accelerate SAR imagery analysis, utilizing the GPU based computing methods. In this paper, we propose an enhanced GPU based deep learning method to detect ship from the SAR images. The You Only Look Once version 2 (YOLOv2) deep learning framework is proposed to model the architecture and training the model. YOLOv2 is a state-of-the-art real-time object detection system, which outperforms Faster Region-Based Convolutional Network (Faster R-CNN) and Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) methods. Additionally, in order to reduce computational time with relatively competitive detection accuracy, we develop a new architecture with less number of layers called YOLOv2-reduced. In the experiment, we use two types of datasets: A SAR ship detection dataset (SSDD) dataset and a Diversified SAR Ship Detection Dataset (DSSDD). These two datasets were used for training and testing purposes. YOLOv2 test results showed an increase in accuracy of ship detection as well as a noticeable reduction in computational time compared to Faster R-CNN. From the experimental results, the proposed YOLOv2 architecture achieves an accuracy of 90.05% and 89.13% on the SSDD and DSSDD datasets respectively. The proposed YOLOv2-reduced architecture has a similarly competent detection performance as YOLOv2, but with less computational time on a NVIDIA TITAN X GPU. The experimental results shows that the deep learning can make a big leap forward in improving the performance of SAR image ship detection.
Isomerization and Properties of Isomers of Carbocyanine Dyes
Authors: Pronkin Pavel , Tatikolov Alexander
Published: April 2019

One of the important features of polymethine (cyanine) dyes is isomerization about one of C–C bonds of the polymethine chain. In this review, spectral properties of the isomers, photoisomer-ization and thermal back isomerization of carbocyanine dyes, mostly meso-substituted carbocy-anine dyes, are considered. meso-Alkyl-substituted thiacarbocyanine dyes are present in polar solvents mainly as cis isomers and, hence, exhibit no photoisomerization, whereas in nonpolar solvents, in which the dyes are in the trans form, photoisomerization takes place. In contrast, the meso-substituted dyes 3,3′-dimethyl-9-phenylthiacarbocyanine and 3,3′-diethyl-9-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)thiacarbocyanine occur as trans isomers and exhibit photoisomerization in both polar and nonpolar solvents. The behavior of these dyes may be ex-plained by the fact that the phenyl ring of the substituent in their molecules can be twisted at some angle, removing the substituent from the plane of the molecule and reducing its steric ef-fect on the conformation of the trans isomer. In some cases, photoisomerization of cis isomers of meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes is also observed (for some meso-alkyl-substituted dyes com-plexed with DNA and chondroitin-4-sulfate; for 3,3′-diethyl-9-methoxythiacarbocyanine in moderate polarity solvents). The cycle photoisomerization–thermal back isomerization of cya-nine dyes can be used in various systems of information storage and deserves further investiga-tion using modern research methods.
Seasonal Salinization Decreases Spatial Heterogeneity of Sulfate Reducing Activity
Authors: Schoepfer Valerie A. , Burgin Amy J. , Loecke Terry D. , Helton Ashley M.
Published: April 2019

Evidence of sulfate input and reduction in coastal freshwater wetlands is often visible in the black iron monosulfide (FeS) complexes that form in iron rich reducing sediments. Using a modified Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) method, digital imaging, and geostatistics, we examine controls on the spatial properties of FeS in a coastal wetland fresh-to-brackish transition zone over a multi-month, drought-induced saltwater incursion event. PVC sheets (10 × 15 cm) were painted with an iron oxide paint and incubated vertically belowground and flush with the surface for 24 h along a salt-influenced to freshwater wetland transect in coastal North Carolina, USA. Along with collection of complementary water and soil chemistry data, the size and location of the FeS compounds on the plate were photographed and geostatistical techniques were employed to characterize FeS formation on the square cm scale. Herein, we describe how the saltwater incursion front is associated with increased sulfate loading and decreased aqueous Fe(II) content. This accompanies an increased number of individual FeS complexes that were more uniformly distributed as reflected in a lower Magnitude of Spatial Heterogeneity at all sites except furthest downstream. Future work should focus on streamlining the plate analysis procedure as well as developing a more robust statistical based approach to determine sulfide concentration.
Performance Assessment of a Laboratory Scale Prototype Biofiltration System in Tropical Region
Authors: Hermawan Andreas Aditya , Talei Amin , Leong Janet Yip Cheng , Jayatharan Mayuran , Goh Hui Weng , Alaghmand Sina
Published: April 2019

Biofiltration systems, as one of the best management practices, have good potentials to improve stormwater quality and hydrology of urban catchments. While biofiltration systems are well-studied in developed countries, the majority of those studies are conducted for temperate climate and there is a lack of lab-scale and field-scale studies on such systems under tropical conditions. This paper focuses on the performance of a lab-scale prototype biofiltration systems in stormwater retention efficiency as well as pollutants removal (including heavy metals and nutrients) from synthetic stormwater reproducing tropical rainfall events. A three-layer sand-based filter media with two different native plants including Pedilanthus tithymaloides and Cyperus alternifolius was selected for this study. Results showed that the system with Cyperus has a better stormwater retention capacity compared to the one with Pedilanthus. In addition, the observed infiltration rate in Cyperus and Pedilanthus were 338 mm/h and 267 mm/h, respectively. The better hydraulic performance in the system with Cyperus was attributed to the deeper and more extensive root penetration of this plant (as deep as 800 mm) compared to Pedilanthus (as deep as 250 mm). While both systems failed to perform well in removing total nitrogen, they performed significantly better in removing total phosphorus (Cyperus and Pedilanthus removed 67.3% and 62.5% of total phosphorus, respectively). The statistical analysis of results showed that the top 100 mm layer of filter media is the main contributor to total phosphorus removal. However, no major differences were observed between the two systems in phosphorus removal. Moreover, both systems were also capable of removing the available heavy metals (i.e., Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) as the removal efficiencies exceeded 90%, except for Fe (76%). Similar to phosphorus, it was concluded that the top layer is the major contributor to the heavy metals removal. Overall, the biofiltration system using Cyperus was found to be a successful system for operating under tropical conditions.
Sustainability Governance in China: An Analysis of Regional Ecological Efficiency
Authors: Sun Xiangxiang , Loh Lawrence
Published: April 2019

The Chinese government is committed to sustainability governance to alleviate the shortage of energy and the imbalance between ecological environment and economic development. This paper evaluates and analyzes the sustainability governance performance of China. A bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) is proposed to evaluate sustainability governance performance of 30 provinces based on ecological efficiency in China from 1998 to 2015. The results indicate that the ecological efficiency of China significantly improved as a whole, which is related to the decline in sulfur dioxide emissions. Among these provinces, Jiangsu, Liaoning, and Inner Mongolia exhibited the highest values, while Gansu, Chongqing, and Sichuan had the lowest values. The 30 provinces were divided into four sub-areas. The average ecological efficiency of the eastern area was the highest, followed by the northeast area. Compared to the east area, northeast area, and central area, we find that west area obviously falls behind. As such, the results provide helpful guidance to improve ecological governance performance.
A Common Fixed-Point Theorem for Iterative Contraction of Seghal Type
Authors: Karapınar Erdal , Fulga Andreea , Alghamdi Maryam
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we consider a common fixed-point theorem with a contractive iterative at a point in the setting of complete dislocated b-metric space that was initiated by Seghal. We shall consider an example and application in fractional differential equations to support the given results.
Effect of Pilot-Points Location on Model Calibration: Application to the Northern Karst Aquifer of Qatar
Authors: Baalousha Husam Musa , Fahs Marwan , Ramasomanana Fanilo , Younes Anis
Published: April 2019

In hydrogeological modelling, two approaches are commonly used for model calibration: zonation and the pilot-points method. Zonation assumes an abrupt spatial change in parameter values, which could be unrealistic in field applications. The pilot-points method produces smoothly distributed parameters compared to the zonation approach; however, the number and placement of pilot-points can be challenging. The main goal of this paper is to explore the effect of pilot-points number and locations on the calibrated parameters. A 3D groundwater flow model was built for the northern karst aquifer of Qatar. A conceptual model of this aquifer was developed based on MODFLOW software (United States Geological Survey). The model was calibrated using the parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis (PEST) package employing historical data of groundwater levels. The effect of the number and locations of pilot-points was examined by running the model using a variable numbers of points and several perturbations of locations. The calibration errors for all the runs (corresponding to different configurations of pilot-points) were maintained under a certain threshold. A statistical analysis of the calibrated parameters was then performed to evaluate how far these parameters are impacted by the pilot-point locations. Finally, an optimization method was proposed for pilot-points placement using recharge and observed piezometric maps. The results revealed that the pilot-points number, locations, and configurations have a significant effect on the calibrated parameter, especially in the high permeable regions corresponding to the karstic zones. The outcome of this study may help focus on areas of high uncertainty where more field data should be collected to improve model calibration. It also helps the placement of pilot-points for a robust calibration.
METODOLOGÍA PARA FAVORECER LA COMUNICACIÓN INTERCULTURAL EN INGLÉS EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE HOTELERÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD LAICA ELOY ALFARO DE MANABÍ, ECUADOR
Authors: Macías Sera Raisa , Ramírez Berdut Isel
Published: April 2019

La competencia intercultural se ha incorporado en los últimos años al discurso de la didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras. Es interés de los estudiosos buscar estrategias para promover el intercambio respetuoso entre los aprendices de una lengua extranjera y los nativos, y su inserción al nuevo contexto; así como establecer   un   clima   distendido   entre   quienes   trabajan   con   visitantes extranjeros y aquellos que visitan una región por interés profesional o turístico. La metodología y el conjunto de tareas comunicativas para la enseñanza de inglés que se aplica a estudiantes de 4to semestre de la carrera de Ing. en Empresas Hoteleras en la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí- Bahía de Caráquez, tienen como propósito el desarrollo de la comunicación oral intercultural  relacionado  con  la  proyección  profesional  de  los  estudiantes debido a su encuentro con turistas y colegas provenientes de países anglo parlantes. La metodológica aplicada consta de tres etapas estrechamente relacionadas, Diagnóstico, Ejercitación y Evaluación apoyada en un conjunto de tareas comunicativas interculturales que favorecen la comunicación oral intercultural y el intercambio respetuoso entre los estudiantes y los colegas o turistas.

PALABRAS   CLAVE:   interculturalidad;   tareas   comunicativas;   diagnóstico; turismo.

ABSTRACT

The Intercultural competence has been incorporated to didactics in recent years to address the teaching of foreign languages. It is interest of scholars to seek strategies to promote friendly exchanges between learners of a foreign language and natives, as well as their integration into the new context. It is intended for researchers, a relaxed atmosphere among those working with foreign professionals and those visiting a region. The methodology and the set of tasks for teaching English to students in 4th semester in hotel companies at Eloy Alfaro University in Bahia de Caráquez.is with the purpose to develop the intercultural  oral  communication  related  to professional  projection  because students need to meet with colleagues and tourists from English speaking countries. The methodology consists of three closely related stages, assessment, practice  and  evaluation  supported  by  a  set of intercultural communicative tasks that promote intercultural oral communication and respectful exchange between students and colleagues or tourists.

KEYWORDS:   Intercultural   competence;   communicative   tasks;   tourism; assessment.
NECESIDAD DE DESARROLLAR LA HABILIDAD EXPLORACIÓN Y DETERMINACIÓN DE PROBLEMAS CIENTÍFICOS EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ, ECUADOR
Authors: Zambrano Acosta Jimmy Manuel , Estrada Molina Odiel , Toala Dueñas Ramón Alfredo , Beltrón Cedeño Carmita Cecilia
Published: April 2019

En el trabajo se analizan las dificultades más generales y frecuentes que manifiestan los estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Ecuador en cuanto a la exploración y determinación de problemas científicos y se presenta el proyecto de investigación diseñado para encontrar, por vía científica, una solución a tal situación en el proceso formativo de los profesionales de esta institución de educación superior.

PALABRAS CLAVE: desarrollo de habilidades; exploración de problemas científicos; determinación de problemas científicos; instituciones de educación superior.

ABSTRACT

The paper analyzes the most general and frequent difficulties that students of the  Technical  University  of  Manabí,  Ecuador,  demonstrate  regarding  the exploration and determination of scientific problems and presents the research project designed to find, by scientific means, a solution to this situation in the training process of the professionals of this institution of higher education.

KEYWORDS: skill development; Exploration of scientific problems; Determination of scientific problems; Institutions of higher education.
LA CULTURA DE MASAS Y LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN. SU INCIDENCIA EN LA SOCIEDAD
Authors: Domaccin Aros Elba Orfelia
Published: April 2019

La cultura de masas consigue fabricar a gran escala, con técnicas y procedimientos  industriales,  ideas,  sueños  e  ilusiones,  estilos  personales  y hasta una vida privada en gran parte producto de una técnica, subordinada a una rentabilidad y a la tensión permanente entre la creatividad y la estandarización,  apta  para  poder  ser  asimilada  por  el  ciudadano  de  clase media. En la actualidad, los medios de comunicación constituyen una herramienta persuasiva que nos permiten mantenernos en continua comunicación con los distintos sucesos sociales, políticos y económicos tanto a escala nacional como internacional.

PALABRAS CLAVE: cultura de masas; medios de comunicación; creatividad; estandarización.

ABSTRACT

Mass culture manages to manufacture on a large scale, with industrial techniques and procedures, ideas, dreams and illusions, personal styles and even a private life largely the product of a technique, subordinated to a profitability and the permanent tension between creativity and Standardization, capable of being assimilated by the middle-class citizen. At present, the media is a persuasive tool that allows us to keep in constant communication with the different social, political and economic events, both nationally and internationally.

KEYWORDS: mass culture; media; creativity; standardization.
LA PROFESIONALIZACIÓN DE LA LENGUA INGLESA EN EL MARCO DE LA INTEGRACIÓN DE LOS CENTROS CUBANOS DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Alberteris Galbán Orlando , Cañizares Hinojosa Viviana , Revilla Sabín Bertha
Published: April 2019

El proceso de integración de los Centros de Educación Superior abre grandes retos para profundizar en el estudio de núcleos básicos de las ciencias, desde una perspectiva mucho más holística, integradora y a la vez enriquecedora de todo un conjunto de saberes y metodologías alcanzadas en el proceso de la investigación y la enseñanza. En este contexto cobra significación el enfoque profesionalizado del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la lengua inglesa, el cual se amplía, se refuerza y se consolida a partir de una profundización y sistematización de la cultura lingüística, comunicativa y profesional, en dependencia de los diversos perfiles profesionales, dentro de los cuales el pedagógico ocupa un lugar esencial. De ahí que se plantea como objetivo de este trabajo reflexionar acerca de cuál es el lugar que la Lengua Inglesa, como ciencia lingüística, tiene en el marco de esta integración. Los elementos que se aportan en este trabajo constituirán bases fundamentales para conformar una concepción integrada del proceso profesionalizado de la lengua extranjera en el marco de la integración.

PALABRAS CLAVES: proceso de integración; enfoque profesionalizado; proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje; lengua inglesa; cultura lingüística; cultura comunicativa; cultura profesional.

ABSTRACT

The process of integration of Cuban centers of higher education opens up great challenges  to  deepen  into  the  study  of  basic  cores  of  sciences,  from  a perspective  much  more  holistic,  integrated  and  enriched with  a  set  of knowledge and methodologies achieved during the research and teaching processes. In this context, the professionalization approach to English teaching and learning process takes a significant place. It is widened, strengthened and consolidated through deepening and systematizing the linguistic, the communicative and the professional culture, in correspondence with different types of professional profiles, among which the pedagogical one occupies an essential place. Thus, this work has the purpose of reflect on the place that the English  language  as  a  linguistic  science  has  in  the  framework  of  that integration. The elements provided in this work will make up basic fundaments of  the  integrated  conception  for  professionalizing  the  foreign  languages teaching.

KEYWORDS: integration process; professionalized approach; English teaching- learning  process;  linguistic  culture;  communicative  culture;  professional culture.
EL PAPEL DE LAS TUTORÍAS EN LA FORMACIÓN ACADÉMICA Y DE HÁBITOS INVESTIGATIVOS DEL ESTUDIANTE UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: Mendoza Vélez María Elena , Reyna Dávila Mercy
Published: April 2019

El presente estudio destaca el papel importante de las tutorías universitarias donde se pretende extender la gama de valores para lo cual han sido diseñadas. El artículo pone a consideración en sus partes fundamentales que el reto de las tutorías se amplían a los componentes humano, pedagógico, social e investigativo con el objetivo de que cada estudiante alcance el desarrollo holístico deseado. Por último las conclusiones del artículo enmarcan los beneficios tanto para el docente como para el estudiante universitario de lo que provoca las tutorías llevadas en el ámbito académico, con proyección integral.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Formación académica; crédito académico; tutorías; hábitos investigativos.

ABSTRACT

The present study highlights the important role of university tutorials where the intention is to expand the range of values for which they are been designed. The article puts into consideration in its fundamental parts that the challenge of the tutorials extends to the human, pedagogical, social and research components with  the  aim  that  each  student  achieve  the  desired  holistic  development. Finally, the conclusions of the article frame the benefits for both the teacher and the university student of what provokes the academic tutorials carried out in the field with educational - investigative - social projection.

KEYWORDS: Academic training; academic credit; tutoring; investigative habits.
LA INTELIGENCIA HUMANA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA TRANSDISCIPLINARIA (Segunda Parte)
Authors: Cabrera Carrazana Yunieski , Martínez Álvarez Fidel , Cuenca Díaz Maritza
Published: April 2019

Para la adquirir una visión integradora sobre cualquier objeto de investigación es preciso utilizar y articular los más diversos enfoques y referentes, así como construir, colectivamente, un lenguaje común que proporcione una perspectiva global que revele los patrones y tendencias generales de las infinitas interrelaciones entre las diferentes disciplinas y saberes que participan en la consecuente comprensión de dicho objeto. Por tanto, en el presente artículo se continúa  la  reinterpretación  y  sistematización  de  las  ideas,  principios  y nociones sobre la inteligencia humana, que se había iniciado en el artículo anterior, mediante los enfoques: biológico, neuro-fisiológico, lógico-filosófico y del arte militar, todo lo cual permitió adquirir una comprensión mucho más amplia  de  esta  emergente  propiedad  del  universo.  En  consecuencia,  es menester en esta segunda parte intentar completar el transdisciplinario estudio mediante el desarrollo de los enfoques psico-pedagógicos, organizacionales y sociológicos de la inteligencia humana, como vía para contribuir a la actualización del conocimiento de los profesionales de la educación superior en las diferentes esferas de su desempeño académico y personal.

PALABRAS CLAVE: inteligencia humana; inteligencias múltiples; inteligencia emocional; inteligencia colectiva; pensamiento divergente; perspectiva transdisciplinaria.

ABSTRACT

To acquire an integrative vision about any object of investigation it is precise utilize and articulating the more various focuses and referent, as well as constructing, collectively, a common language that provide a global perspective that reveal the patterns and general tendencies of the infinite interrelations between the different disciplines and knowledges, that take part in the consequent understanding of the aforementioned object. Therefore, in the present article are continued a re-interpretation and systematization of the ideas, principles and slight knowledge on the human intelligence, which had been initiated in the previous article, with the focuses: biological, neuro- physiological, logic-philosophical and military art, all which it allowed acquiring a much ampler understanding of this emerging property of the universe. In consequence, it is necessity in this second part to attempt to complete the intervening trans-disciplinary study the development of the psycho-pedagogical, organizational and sociological focuses of the human intelligence like road, to contribute to the bringing up to date of the knowledge of the professionals of the high education in his personal and academic performances.

KEYWORDS: human intelligence; multiple intelligences; emotional intelligence; collective intelligence; divergent thought; trans-disciplinary perspective.
EL DIAGNÓSTICO Y LA VALORACIÓN DEL DESARROLLO COMO INSTRUMENTO DEL EDUCADOR
Authors: Cuenca Díaz Maritza , Rivero Rivero Melva
Published: April 2019

En el presente artículo se reconoce la significación del diagnóstico para garantizar una acertada conducción del proceso educativo, en tal sentido se asume la posición de la teoría Socio Histórico Cultural, desde la cual se establecen las funciones de este proceso y se brindan orientaciones para su desarrollo,  enfatizando  fundamentalmente  en  los  métodos  y  técnicas  que podrán ser empleados por los educadores de la primera infancia, así como en la interpretación de los resultados que se alcancen.

PALABRAS CLAVES: diagnóstico; evaluación; desarrollo; teoría socio histórico cultural; nuevas formaciones.

ABSTRACT

In the present article, the significance of the diagnosis to guarantee a correct guidance in the educative process is acknowledged, in this respect, the Socio Cultural Historical theory, is accepted from where the function of this process is established. Guidance for its development is offered, making emphasis on the methods and techniques that can be used by teachers of infants, as well as in the interpretation of the results obtained.

KEYWORDS:  diagnosis;  evaluation;  development;  socio  historical  cultural theory; new formations.
LA ORIENTACIÓN VOCACIONAL Y LA ELABORACIÓN DE LOS PROYECTOS PERSONALES DE VIDA. TENDENCIAS Y ENFOQUES
Authors: Mendoza Cedeño Isaac Geovanni , Machado Ramírez Evelio F. , De Oca Recio Nancy Montes
Published: April 2019

Una de las problemáticas más acuciantes en el nivel de bachillerato de la educación escolarizada en Ecuador consiste en las insuficiencias existentes en su proceso formativo para el logro de una orientación vocacional efectiva de los estudiantes, lo que incide negativamente en la elección incorrecta de las carreras universitarias, motivada en muchos casos por factores disímiles  e incoherentes con una decisión consciente fundamentada en un adecuado conocimiento de sí mismo, de sus potencialidades, oportunidades, limitaciones e inclinaciones. En el artículo se analizan las diversas tendencias y enfoques existentes respecto a la orientación vocacional y su relación con la elaboración de proyectos personales de vida de los estudiantes de bachillerato.

PALABRAS CLAVE: orientación vocacional; proyectos de vida; nivel de bachillerato; carreras universitarias; tendencias y enfoques.

ABSTRACT

One of the most pressing problems in the high school education level in Ecuador consists of the insufficiencies existing in its training process to achieve an effective vocational orientation of students, which negatively affects the incorrect choice of university careers, motivated in many cases by dissimilar and inconsistent factors with a  conscious decision based on an  adequate  knowledge  of  itself,  its  potentialities, opportunities, limitations and inclinations. This article analyzes the different trends and approaches regarding vocational guidance and its relation to the development of personal life projects for high school students.

KEYWORDS:  vocational  guidance;  Life  projects;  Baccalaureate  level;  University careers; Trends and approaches.
EL ANTIALCOHOLISMO COMO ESTILO DE VIDA SANO DESDE LA EDUCACIÓN PARA LA SALUD
Authors: Lescay Blanco Dayana Margarita , Mendoza Vélez María Elena , Antón Vera Gustavo Enrique
Published: April 2019

La enseñanza universitaria pedagógica tiene por prioridad que los estudiantes tengan comportamientos saludables y asuman estilos de vida sana. En este sentido, el rechazo al consumo excesivo de bebidas alcohólicas constituye un estilo de vida que proporciona mantener la mente y el cuerpo sano el cual constituye un eje temático del Programa de Promoción y Educación para la salud en el Sistema Educativo. Es por ello que el trabajo que se presenta va encaminado a promover estilos de vida saludables en estudiantes de carreras pedagógicas en tanto estos son portadores de esta educación y los prepara para su futura labor profesional.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Alcoholismo; Educación antialcohólica; analcoholismo; formación analcohólica; estilo de vida.

ANTI-ALCOHOLIC EDUCATION AS HEALTHY LIFESTYLE FROM EDUCATION FOR HEALTH

ABSTRACT

Pedagogical university education has as a priority that students have healthy behaviors and healthy lifestyles. In this sense, the rejection of the excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages constitutes a life style that provides to maintain the mind and the healthy body which constitutes a thematic axis of the Program of Promotion and Education for the health in the Educational System. That is why the work presented is aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in students of pedagogic careers as they are carriers of this education and prepares them for their future professional work.

KEYWORDS: Alcoholism; Anti-alcoholic education; Analcoholism; Anti-alcoholic formation; Lifestyle.
UNA MIRADA PEDAGÓGICA A LA PREVENCIÓN DE LOS INTENTOS SUICIDAS
Authors: Perdomo Thompson Mireisys , Gómez Cera Frank Yudier , Gómez Parra Catalina Virgen
Published: April 2019

La sociedad ha puesto empeño en la difícil tarea de prevenir, minimizar o impedir las manifestaciones de intento suicida, fenómeno que posee un nexo inseparable con los procesos sociales, de ahí que la preparación integral desde la formación inicial del maestro primario para el desarrollo de este trabajo en sus diferentes contextos de actuación, son retos que el sector educacional deberá enfrentar para eliminar los obstáculos que interfieren en la prevención desde el proceso educativo de cualquier manifestación con un desenlace fatal.

PALABRAS CLAVE: prevención; intento suicida; formación inicial.

A PEDAGOGICAL LOOK AT THE PREVENTION OF SUICIDAL ATTEMPTS

ABSTRACT

The society has endeavored to the difficult task of preventing, minimizing or preventing the manifestations of suicide attempt, which is a phenomenon that has an inseparable link with social processes. That is why the comprehensive training from initial training of primary teacher for the development of this work in different contexts of action, are challenges that the education sector will face to remove barriers that interfere with prevention from the educational process of any manifestation with a fatal outcome.

KEYWORDS: prevention, suicide attempt; initial training.
CONCEPCIONES EPISTEMOLÓGICAS EN HISTORIA: EL ESTUDIO NARRATIVO DE UN PROFESOR-INVESTIGADOR.
Authors: Castillo Villapudua Karla Yudit
Published: April 2019

Este artículo presenta una parte de los resultados de un estudio narrativo que aborda las concepciones epistemológicas de un profesor investigador en Historia. Los hallazgos se basan en el método de investigación narrativa y entrevistas a profundidad. Encontramos once categorías que describen las concepciones epistemológicas que conforman su práctica investigativa: posición epistemológica, la Historia y otras disciplinas, el tiempo en la Historia, las fuentes en la Historia, limites epistemológicos de la Historia, rupturas paradigmáticas, corrientes epistemológicas en el siglo XXI, empirismo en la Historia, la imaginación en la Historia, concepción de ciencia y prejuicios hacia la Historia.Por último, reflexionamos que este profesor-investigador tiene suma claridad sobre sus concepciones epistemológicas, rescatando el valor del conocimiento y socialización de la teoría de la Historia como un eje que favorece la calidad de la investigación y enseñanza de esta disciplina.

PALABRAS CLAVE: investigación narrativa; concepciones epistemológicas; epistemología; teoría de la historia; historia.

EPISTEMOLOGICAL CONCEPTIONS IN HISTORY: THE NARRATIVE STUDY OF A TEACHER-RESEARCHER

ABSTRACT

This article presents some of the results of a narrative study that deals with the epistemological conceptions of a research professor in history. The findings are based on the method of narrative inquiry and in-depth interviews. We found eleven categories that describe the epistemological concepts that make up its research practice: epistemological position, history and other disciplines, time in history, the sources in history, history, paradigmatic, current epistemological ruptures in the 21st century, empiricism in the history, imagination in history, conception of science and prejudices towards the history epistemological limits. Finally, we think that this professor has utmost clarity about their epistemological conceptions, recovering the value of knowledge and socialization of the theory of history as a shaft which promotes the quality of the research and teaching of this discipline.

KEYWORDS: narrative inquiry; epistemological conceptions; epistemology; theory of history; history.