bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIETARY HABITS AND IMPACT OF GOOD NUTRITION IN CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYMDROME IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: BAMSON, Minaseichinbo  , MANDAH, Stella Otito
Published: April 2024

The study assessed the dietary habit and impact of good nutrition on children with down syndrome in Obio Akpor Local Government Area in Rivers State. The study was guided by  two research questions and two hypotheses. A descriptive survey design was adopted. All mothers with down syndrome children in Obio Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State formed the population. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample size of 370 for the study. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. The instrument was face validated and the reliability determined using Cronbach Alpha,a reliability coefficient 0.68 was obtained. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and  analyzed using the descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation). The findings of the study showed that, mothers know the importance of good nutrition to the health of their children. The study also revealed that mothers are aware of nutrition can help enhance the health of the children, but they do not know the essential nutrient that are necessary for children with down syndrome. Based on the findings of the study the following recommendations were made; foods and nutrition counsellors should be recruited in various local government areas to enlighten the mothers of down syndrome children on the importance of nutrition, and how it improves proper functioning of development of the child. Government should sponsor awareness programmes that will assist the parents of the down syndrome children on how to go about the dietary habit of their children.
NARRATIVE REVIEW OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) INTEGRATION IN NIGERIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS’ HOME ECONOMICS INSTRUCTION
Authors: OLUWAGBEMILEKE, Feranmi Boluwatife
Published: April 2024

This paper explores how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can revolutionize Home Economics education in Nigeria, particularly at secondary schools. ICT integration aligns with national policy goals of introducing students to technology and enhancing professional skills in Home Economics. Students can access a wealth of online resources, improving their knowledge of nutrition, healthy living, and sustainable home management. However, challenges like limited internet access, lack of ICT facilities, and inadequately trained teachers impede progress. Overcoming these hurdles requires collaboration. The government can invest in teacher training and infrastructure development, while schools can explore cost-effective solutions. Partnerships with communities and the private sector can further support ICT resource acquisition. The paper emphasizes the importance of teacher collaboration and localized digital content creation to enhance learning and cultural identity. By addressing challenges and implementing a multi-pronged approach, stakeholders can empower educators to leverage technology. Students equipped with both Home Economics knowledge and digital literacy skills will be prepared for the future, becoming informed consumers, responsible family members, and innovative contributors to society. Ultimately, ICT integration has the potential to transform Home Economics into a dynamic and engaging learning experience, empowering individuals and society to thrive in a technology-driven world
Advances in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method Development and Validation: A Comprehensive Review
Authors:   Dr. Vedprakash Patil College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, India, Shinde Shweta , Rajurkar Vikas ,   Dr. Vedprakash Patil College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, India
Published: April 2024

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) stands as the cornerstone technique for the detection, separation, and quantification of drugs in various matrices. Method optimization necessitates a thorough investigation of multiple chromatographic parameters, encompassing sample pretreatment, mobile phase composition, column selection, and detector configuration. This article aims to comprehensively address the processes of method development, optimization, and validation within the realm of HPLC. The inherent advantages of HPLC, including its rapidity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and automation feasibility, render it an indispensable tool for analyzing a wide spectrum of drugs in complex multi-component dosage forms. Furthermore, HPLC method development and validation hold paramount importance across the spectrum of drug discovery, development, and manufacturing, as well as in diverse human and animal studies. The validation of analytical methods during drug development and manufacturing is imperative to ensure their fitness for the intended purpose. Adhering to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) requirements, pharmaceutical industries must establish comprehensive validation policies outlining the validation procedures. This article primarily delves into the optimization of HPLC conditions, emphasizing the critical role of method refinement in ensuring robust and reliable analytical methods.
Identification of apoptosis as key biochemical mechanism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after hepatic steatosis through bioinformatics and functional analyses
Authors: Liang Zheng , Liang Chen July
Published: April 2024

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a growing global health crisis and is closely associated with increases in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Despite its ubiquity, its underlying biochemical mechanisms and effective therapeutic strategies remain poorly defined, hampering the development of targeted interventions.

Methods: Candidate genes were obtained from the GEO database, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis were used to identify pathways involved in NAFLD-related pathways. The top genes with higher degree in the protein-protein interaction network were crossed with the top genes enriched in key pathways, and then the correlation analysis between key genes and chemotherapy response was performed.

Result: Apoptosis, oxidative stress, NF-kB pathway, etc. are key pathways related to NAFLD. Lcn2, Mt1, Egr1, Jun, Nqo1, Btg2, Foxq1 and Hyou1 were enriched in key pathways of apoptosis.

Conclusion: Apoptosis, oxidative stress, NF-kB pathway are key pathways related to NAFLD.
Human Resource Management Role in Business Transformation
Authors: Nadege Zeshung
Published: April 2024

The role of human resource management (HRM) in downsizing and rightsizing during the turnaround process in ensuring business success cannot be overemphasized. This paper discusses the role of human resource management in business transformation, focusing on the case of General Motors. It argues that the HRM is one of the core elements as well as models of a business, and has been instrumental in transforming General Motors’ business. Drawing from observations and oral responses of the thirty selected oral informants interviewed about General Motors’ business operations and successes, the study reports that shifting focus from operations and strategy to employees and engaging them in redefining the company mission, identifying their role in achieving the mission, and measuring their performance against the organization’s vision is essential in redesigning and reengineering the business to success, which amount to business transformation. The paper concludes that involving the employees in defining the company’s purpose increases employee engagement and makes employees identify with the organization. It recommends that General Motors, as well as other business organizations, should focus reasonable attention and resources on HRM, organizational training and establish a culture of ethics and accountability so as to attain maximal success and compete more favorably with their competitors.
The Challenges and Opportunities of Emerging Markets for Firm Internationalization
Authors: Abe Gilbert Ntoh
Published: April 2024

This study examines the challenges and opportunities of firm internationalization in emerging markets, using MTN Nigeria as a case study. Through a mixed-methods approach involving semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and a survey of 150 MTN Nigeria employees and managers, the study identifies the key challenges faced by the company, including weak and unstable regulatory environment, infrastructure deficiencies, intense competition, cultural differences, lack of skilled local talent, and corruption. The study also highlights the main opportunities capitalized on by MTN Nigeria, such as the large and growing population, liberalizing telecommunications sector, potential for innovation in digital and financial services, growing middle class, untapped market segments, and strategic partnerships with local firms. The findings are compared with existing literature, revealing consistencies, extensions, and implications for theory and practice. The study contributes to the understanding of firm internationalization in emerging markets by providing a nuanced analysis of the specific challenges, opportunities, and strategies in the Nigerian telecommunications industry. It also highlights the limitations of existing theories and the need for adaptation to the unique institutional, cultural, and competitive contexts of emerging markets. The study offers recommendations for future research, including comparative studies across different emerging markets and critical examinations of the broader societal and developmental implications of firm internationalization.
Effect of Animation Package on Academic Performance of Secondary School Biology Students towards Ecological Concepts in Kaduna South, Nigeria
Authors: Musa Hauwa Rabiu , Dauda Nana Oziehisa , Ibrahim Muinat Mahmoud
Published: April 2024

This study entitled, Effect of Animation Package on Academic Performance of Secondary School Biology Students towards Ecological Concepts in Kaduna South, Nigeria was guided by four research questions and four corresponding research hypotheses. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design, specifically utilizing a pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group experimental design, given the use of intact classes. The study population comprised 699 SS II Biology students from Government Secondary Schools in Kaduna South LGA, with a sample size of 212 students randomly selected from two schools and an additional 150 students purposively selected from two other schools. Assessment of students' performance was conducted after they received instruction using both an animation package and conventional teaching methods. The assessment instrument used was the Ecology Performance and Retention Test (EPRT), comprising 30 items with response options A, B, C, and D, each item allocated 2 marks, resulting in a total score of 60. Validation of the EPRT was performed by two senior lecturers from the Federal College of Education, Zaria, experienced in educational tests and measurement. The reliability of the EPRT was assessed using the test-retest technique, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.79 using Kuder-Richardson Formula 20. Data analysis was carried out using mean and t-test at a significance level of 0.05. The findings revealed differences in the mean performance scores of students taught ecology concepts using an animation package and those taught without, as well as differences in the mean retention scores of students taught Biology concepts using an animation package and those taught without it. Additionally, there were differences in the mean performance scores of male and female students taught ecology concepts using animation packages, while no significant difference was observed in the mean retention scores of male and female students taught biology concepts with the use of animation packages. Based on these findings, the study recommends that educational institutions prioritize the integration of animation packages into biology curricula to enhance student learning outcomes, among other suggestions.
The Influence of Organizational Agility on Customer Retention in Medium Scale Businesses in Nigeria
Authors: Mgbemena Ijeamaka Charity , Okafor Kenebechukwu Jane , Nwankwo Nkechi Catherine , Taiwo Olabisi Abdulahi
Published: April 2024

Firms that operate in the informal sector in most developing countries are technologically backward, with low levels of human resource skills, weak management systems and entrepreneurial capabilities, unavailability of appropriate and timely information, insufficient use of information technology, poor product quality and standardization, and unfriendly environmental production processes. This has impeded their ability to take on suitable organizational forms. This research sought to ascertain if there is a significant relationship between organisational agility and customer retention in medium-scale enterprises in the north-central zone of Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the variables were operationalized and a model was specified. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Data were gathered from primary sources and the study hypothesis was tested using the Multiple Regression Technique. From the result of the regression analysis, organizational agility was found to have a positive and significant relationship with customer retention in medium-scale enterprises in North-Central Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommended that enterprises should exploit the resources that generate their present value while also exploring new opportunities to adapt it to changing markets.
Growth Response of Lowland Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Variety as Influenced by Sowing Method and Fertilizer Management in Nigeria Savanna
Authors: Babaji M.  , A. A. Muhammad  , I. U. Abubakar  , I. S. Usman  , Ali M. A.
Published: April 2024

Field trials were conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru, and Irrigation Research Station, Kadawa in the northern Guinea and Sudan Savanna ecological zones of Nigeria respectively, during the 2021 wet season. Treatments consisted of three lowland rice varieties (FARO 44, FARO 52, and FARO 57), three sowing methods (dibbling, drilling and broadcasting) and four rates of NPK and Agric-Zyme 3X organic liquid fertilizers (0:0:0 kg NPKha-1 + 3.0 Lha-1, 60:30:30 kg NPKha-1+1.5 Lha-1, 60:30:30 kg NPKha-1 + 3.0 Lha-1 and 120:60:60 kg NPKha-1 + 0 Lha-1). The trials were replicated three times, in a factorial arrangement using a split-plot arrangement. Fertilizer rates and sowing methods were in the main plots and rice variety as subplot. FARO 44 recorded taller plants height and took longer days for effective grain filling periods and FARO 57 took a longer day to 50% flowering. The effect of sowing methods was generally not significant on rice, however, broadcasting recorded taller plant heights and higher leaf area index, while dibbling recorded higher paddy yield. Application of 120: 60: 60 NPK kg ha-1 outperformed other fertilizer management methods followed by 60: 30: 30 NPK kg ha-1 + 3 L ha-1 Agric-Zyme 3X in all parameters. In conclusion, FARO 57 variety outperformed other varieties used in the study, Drilling method and application of 60: 30: 30 NPK kg ha-1 were better for growth, yield and grain quality of lowland rice in the study areas.
Simple Dynamic Visualization of Memristor-Based Synaptic Plasticity in a Simulated Neural Network
Authors: Montgomery Richard Murdoch
Published: April 2024

This article presents a novel computational approach to visualizing memristor dynamics within a simulated neural network. Memristors, known for their ability to emulate synaptic plasticity due to their variable resistance characteristics, are key components in neuromorphic computing and hold potential for advancing our understanding of neural processes. Our study introduces a sophisticated memristor model that incorporates non-linear resistance changes, simulating the complex behavior of synaptic connections in a neural network.
POLITIČKA (NE)PODOBNOST NA UNIVERZITETU U VRIJEME SOCIJALIZMA
Authors: Kamberović Husnija
Published: April 2024

U radu se na temelju arhivskih izvora i literature pokazuje na koji način je politička elita, koristeći akademsku zajednicu, pokušala onemogućiti izbor Muhameda Filipovića u zvanje vanrednog profesora na Univerzitetu u Sarajevu. Pokazan je kontekst u kojem se to odvijalo, tok diskusija na Vijeću nastavnika Filozofskog fakulteta 1968. godine, te na kraju iznosi teza da je ovaj primjer samo pokazatelj šireg odnosa politike i intelektualaca u vrijeme socijalizma.
TO LIVE AND DIE THE ŽIRI WAY
Authors: Vehar Maja
Published: April 2024

Rođenje, brak i smrt predstavljaju prekretnice u životu pojedinca oko kojih su se oblikovali mnogi običaji i tradicije u pojedinim zemljama. U članku je predstavljena mikropovijesna studija navedenih običaja u regiji Žiri u 19. i prvoj polovici 20. stoljeća. Rad se temelji na različitim izvorima: arhivskim dokumentima, usmenim izvorima, molitvenicima, matičnim knjigama, fotografijama, itd., koji nam pružaju plastičnu prezentaciju kako ljudi u Žiri regiji slave rođenje, ženidbu i oplakuju smrt.
UDRUŽENJE ZA MODERNU HISTORIJU / UDRUGA ZA MODERNU POVIJEST / UMHIS SARAJEVO
Authors: Katz Vera
Published: April 2024

U radu su predstavljene dvije već prepoznatljive forme djelovanja Udruženja za modernu historiju Sarajevo (UMHIS): održavanje History Festa Sarajevo (2017-2019) i izdavačka djelatnost UMHIS-a (od 2016). U uvodnom dijelu članka, autorica kratko podsjeća na neke aspekte rada društava historičara Jugoslavije/Bosne i Hercegovine te njihovo nestajanje raspadom zajedničke države. Dramatični ratni događaji (1992-1995) su u ljudskim i materijalnim resursima osiromašili bosanskohercegovačko društvo uopće, pa tako i historiografiju posebno, a poslijeratno osnivanje regionalnih društava historičara upotpunosti odražava političku stvarnost današnje Bosne i Hercegovine.
Um professor de matemática em três continentes
Authors: Silva Circe Mary Silva da
Published: April 2024

Este texto apresenta uma narrativa com traços biográficos de um matemático – Renato Pereira Coelho (1921-1997) – que atuou como professor de matemática em três continentes: Europa, África e América do Sul. Baseia-se em minhas experiências pessoais, em documentos inéditos do Arquivo da Universidade de Coimbra, livros do autor, revistas científicas e depoimentos de ex-alunos e colegas. Escrever sobre a atuação de um professor é bem mais do realizar uma revisão historiográfica da profissão de docência desse personagem. Antes de tudo, é um desafio para ampliar o campo da História da Educação Matemática trazendo personagens menos conhecidos, mas não menos importantes na sua representação histórica como educadores.
CARTAS COMO FONTE DE PESQUISA
Authors: França Denise Medina
Published: April 2024

.
AI in Retail Operations: Streamlining Consumer Journeys
Authors: Pasupuleti Murali Krishna
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This book chapter explores into the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in retail operations, focusing on how it streamlines consumer journeys and enhances operational efficiency. AI in retail signifies a paradigm shift towards data-driven decision-making, personalized customer experiences, and optimized business processes. From automating inventory management and simplifying supply chain logistics to personalizing marketing efforts and improving customer service through chatbots and virtual assistants, AI technologies are reshaping the retail landscape. This chapter explores the various applications of AI in retail, including predictive analytics for inventory and demand forecasting, AI-powered recommendations for personalized shopping experiences, and robotics for efficient order fulfillment. It also addresses the challenges and ethical considerations involved in implementing AI, such as privacy concerns, data security, and the mitigation of algorithmic bias, emphasizing the importance of ethical AI practices. Furthermore, the chapter looks ahead to future trends, highlighting emerging AI technologies and their potential to further revolutionize retail operations, drive sustainability, and create even more engaging consumer experiences. By embracing AI, retailers can not only achieve greater operational efficiency but also forge stronger connections with consumers, setting the stage for a future where retail is more responsive, sustainable, and customer-centric. Keywords/Index Terms: Artificial Intelligence (AI),Retail Operations,Consumer Journeys,Predictive Analytics,Personalization,Inventory Management,Supply Chain Optimization,Customer Service Automation,Ethical AI Practices,Data Privacy and Security,AI in Marketing,Robotics in Retail,Future Trends in Retail AI,Algorithmic Bias and Sustainability in Retail.
Decoding Conversational AI: From Text to Context with NLP
Authors: Krishna Pasupuleti Murali
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This chapter delves into the realm of Conversational AI, an innovative fusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) that is transforming the way humans interact with machines. By enabling machines to understand, process, and generate human language in a contextually relevant manner, Conversational AI facilitates seamless, intuitive, and meaningful dialogues between humans and technology. From the foundational technologies like advanced language models and speech recognition to the design principles guiding dialogue management and context handling, this chapter explores the intricacies of building systems capable of human-like conversation. It further examines the wide array of applications spanning customer service, voice assistants, and real-time language translation, illustrating the versatility and transformative potential of Conversational AI. Despite its advancements, the chapter also addresses the challenges faced, including dealing with linguistic ambiguity, ethical considerations, and adapting to language diversity. Looking ahead, it outlines the future directions of Conversational AI, emphasizing the importance of continuous innovation and ethical considerations. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Conversational AI, offering insights into its development, applications, challenges, and future prospects, paving the way for a future where AI can communicate as naturally as humans do. Keywords: Conversational AI,Natural Language Processing (NLP),Language Models (GPT, BERT),Speech Recognition,Text-to-Speech (TTS),Speech-to-Text (STT),Dialogue Management,Intent Recognition,Entity Extraction,Context Handling,Ethical Considerations in AI,AI in Customer Service,Voice Assistants,Real-Time Language Translation and Future of Conversational AI.
A Scoping Literature Review of Artificial Intelligence in Epidemiology: Uses, Applications, Challenges and Future Trends
Authors: Jillahi Kamal Bakari , Iorliam Aamo
Published: April 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been applied to many human endeavors, and epidemiology is no exception. The AI community has recently seen a renewed interest in applying AI methods and approaches to epidemiological problems. However, a number of challenges are impeding the growth of the field. This work reviews the uses and applications of AI in epidemiology from 1994 to 2023. The following themes were uncovered: epidemic outbreak tracking and surveillance, Geo-location and visualization of epidemics data, Tele-Health, vaccine resistance and hesitancy sentiment analysis, diagnosis, predicting and monitoring recovery and mortality, and decision support systems. Disease detection received the most interest during the time under review. Furthermore, the following AI approaches were found to be used in epidemiology: prediction, geographic information systems (GIS), knowledge representation, analytics, sentiment analysis, contagion analysis, warning systems, and classification. Finally, the work makes the following findings: the absence of benchmark datasets for epidemiological purposes, the need to develop ethical guidelines to regulate the development of AI for epidemiology as this is a major issue impeding it’s growth, a concerted and continuous collaboration between AI and Epidemiology experts to grow the field, the need to develop explainable and privacy retaining AI methods for more secured and human understandable AI solutions.
XRF, PIXE and SR-XRF studies on prehistoric gold provenance
Authors: Costantinescu Bogdan , Cristea-Stan Daniela
Published: April 2024

One of the most efficient methods to authenticate ancient gold artifacts and find their provenance is to identify trace elements – Sn, Sb, Te, PGA (especially Pt, Ir-Os, Pd), considered as “fingerprints” of a geological source, as ancient metallurgy techniques did not remove them. In the case of prehistoric and Dacian gold artifacts we begun in 2006 a study on possible traces of tin (fingerprint of alluvial gold), antimony and tellurium (fingerprints for Transylvanian native gold) preserved in the objects, most probably nano-inclusions as a consequence of a primitive metallurgy. The employed investigation tools are XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence), micro-SR- XRF (Synchrotron Radiation – X-Ray Fluorescence) and micro-PIXE (Proton Induced X-ray Emission). The paper presents the main results obtained in the frame of this study.
Tin isotope ratios in Early and Middle Bronze Age bronzes from central and southeastern Europe
Authors: Nessel Bianka , Brügmann Gerhard , Pernicka Ernst
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of two case studies. A first sample set includes tin isotopic compositions of 15 bronzes from three large hoards of the Early Bronze Age Únětice Culture in Central Germany. A major research question was, whether local tin from the Saxon-Bohemian Ore Mountains or from different sources was used to produce the artefacts. The tin isotope composition in the bronzes of these comparably early hoards of the classical phase of the Únětice Culture shows a small variation. The second sample set comprises 16 isotopically investigated objects from Romania and Hungary, belonging to hoards and settlements. In addition, the tin isotopic compositions of a dagger and an axe from Crete were examined. Considering the large geographical distance between the finds a major research question was, whether the tin isotope composition of central and southeastern European bronzes differ, and whether the isotopic compositions of the Aegean bronzes differ from those of the Carpathian Basin. Generally, it can be said that the tin isotope composition in this second sample set show a slightly larger variation than observed in the bronzes of the Únětice Culture. The Cretan objects show 124/120Sn isotope compositions, which are higher than the southeastern as well as the central European samples. This suggests that different tin sources might have been used to manufacture the bronzes. The paper discusses the variation of the tin isotope compositions and their bearing on the debate about tin trade in Europe.
The potential of obsidian "big data"
Authors: Golitko Mark
Published: April 2024

Studies of obsidian provenance have been a core component of the archaeological sciences from the mid-1960s onward. With the growing application of portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometers (PXRF) in obsidian research, the number of such studies, and the amount of data generated per study, is rapidly increasing. Obsidian studies are on the verge of a “big data” revolution, and archaeologists should note the issues inherent to using such large datasets, including maintaining data quality and generating appropriate theoretical models. It is argued that network models and concepts represent one such framework in which the potential of larger obsidian datasets can be effectively harnessed by archaeologists and archaeological scientists.
Latest advancements in the application of analytical science to ancient and historical glass production
Authors: Duckworth Chloë N.
Published: April 2024

Major recent developments in the archaeometry of ancient and historical glass production are outlined, and examples of methods which are set to determine the future agenda of glass studies are presented. In the past twenty years there has been a step-change in the quantity and quality of archaeometric data for glass production, allowing researchers to address larger-scale questions. Quantitative chemical analyses, including trace element analysis, are increasingly being used to reconstruct not only provenance, but also production techniques, contamination, and recycling; isotope analysis is being used to challenge previous assumptions about provenance and develop approaches more rooted in geochemistry; and novel analytical techniques including ToF-SIMS and portable laser ablation have great future potential if applied to the correct questions. Finally, the use of handheld, portable-XRF is increasing the range of questions that can be asked in the field, from production site survey to sample selection, and the analysis of in situ glass windows.
Chemical characterization via pXRF of Early Iron Age pottery from SW Iberia
Authors: Krueger Michał , Brandherm Dirk
Published: April 2024

The main aim of this paper is to present the results of archaeometric analyses of Tartessian pottery recently undertaken in the Lower Guadalquivir region (western Andalusia, Spain). A non-invasive portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF) has been used to determine the chemical composition of pottery from seven archeological sites dated to the Early Iron Age. The purpose of this research was to create a database of Tartessian pottery in order to establish the provenance of the ceramics. The method adopted to categorize pottery based on differences in its chemical composition was the potassium-titanium test and principal component analysis. It was possible to establish three groups of wheel-made pottery according to their provenance.
Microstructure analysis of metal artefacts from the Carpathian Basin – a brief methodology of the Argum's metallographic practice
Authors: Török Béla , Barkóczy Péter , Kovács Árpád
Published: April 2024

In the last period, several projects were initiated in the field of examination of artefacts because of the development of the materials testing equipment and methods. This research work gave new results on the historical studies and the technological levels of different ages. The examination of metallic artefacts has a great importance in this work. The answers to our questions on the structure of metals are continuously searched for by means of new measurement methods. Optical microscopy and classic metallography have a significant role in the research projects of the mentioned area. Nowadays it is not necessary to use complicated etching methods to study the different metallographic phases. SEM-EDS studies of the same sample provide information on the chemical composition of the phases, and it is possible to examine the structure at higher magnification. This study summarizes the amount of information obtained from the project, and the practice of the Archaeometallurgical Research Group of the University of Miskolc (ARGUM), based on these measurement methods. Selected examples are used to show the in-depth analysis of the microstructure. Metallography is a destructive material testing method, as samples must be taken from the artefacts. Questions of heritage protection and restoration arise. In all cases, the balance between the amount of information and the restoration or protection must be considered.
Re-assessment of two metallographically examined early medieval swords from Staré Město (Uherské Hradiště district), Czech Republic
Authors: Hošek Jiří , Košta Jiří , Galuška Luděk
Published: April 2024

In 1990s, two early medieval swords from the Great Moravian centre of Staré Město (Czech Republic) were examined metallographically in order to describe the way of their production in details. Although both swords were very carefully analysed, both of them were misinterpreted and described as non-pattern-welded items, though both of them have a pattern-welded blade. The main reason for the misinterpretation is that the metallographers in charge believed, like many others at the time, that pattern-welded composites are only those consisting of layers of steel and soft iron. A re-assessment of these weapons is the topic of this article.
Menuju Keberlanjutan Lingkungan: Studi Kasus Program Sekolah Adiwiyata di SMPN 34 Bandung
Authors: Akbar Iqbal Subagja , Muhammad Rendi  , Logayah Dina Siti , Jupri Jupri
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Adiwiyata schools are schools that carry out environmental programs and provide environmental materials to students while maintaining the cleanliness and comfort of the school environment. a lot nowadays. This program was launched in 2006 by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the Ministry of Education and Culture. This program encourages schools to implement environmentally friendly practices and incorporate environmental education into the school curriculum. SMPN 34 Bandung is one of the schools that runs the Adiwiyata school program which supports students to care for the school environment. The purpose of this observation is to find out how SMPN 34 Bandung runs environmental programs and environment-based learning. The research method used is a qualitative method by collecting data by interviewing teachers at SMPN 34 Bandung and observing the condition of the school environment directly.
Abstrak: Sekolah adiwiyata merupakan sekolah yang menjalankan program lingkungan dan memberikan materi lingkungan hidup kepada siswa serta tetap menjaga kebersihan dan kenyaman-an lingkungan sekolah, sekolah adiwiyata diharapkan memberikan pelajaran kepada siswa agar peduli lingkungan dan aktif menjaga kebersihan lingkungan sekolah maupun tempat tinggal, mengingat berbagai permasalahan lingkungan yang semakin banyak di masa sekarang. Program ini diluncurkan pada tahun 2006 oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan dan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Program ini mendorong sekolah untuk mengimplementasikan praktik ramah lingkungan dan memasukan pendidikan lingkungan ke dalam kurikulum sekolah. SMPN 34 Bandung merupakan salah satu sekolah yang menjalankan program sekolah adiwiyata yang menunjang siswa untuk merawat lingkungan sekolah. Tujuan observasi ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana SMPN 34 Bandung menjalankan program lingkungan dan pembelajaran berbasis lingkungan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualititaf dengan pengumpulan data dengan wawancara guru di SMPN 34 Bandung dan pengamatan kondisi lingkungan sekolah secara langsung.
Strategi SMPN 1 Cisarua Menjaga Lingkungan Sekolah Menjadi Sekolah Adiwiyata
Authors: Thaliana Primawardani Astried , Sigarlaki Nadya Aurelya , Logayah Dina Siti , Jupri Jupri
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Adiwiyata school is a school that is running a program and implementing an education system that leads to awareness and culture of the school community towards the cleanliness of the school environment. This Adiwiyata award is an award given directly by the government to schools that have successfully implemented environmental education in schools. This award is also given as a form of appreciation to schools that have implemented the Adiwiyata program in accordance with the procedures provided by the government. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the strategies and methods used by SMPN 1 Cisarua in running the Adiwiyata school program. This research method uses a qualitative method with a description approach. The results of this study are that SMPN 1 Cisarua has a special way and strategy in running the Adiwiyata school program, so that it can win the award in 2022.
Abstrak: Sekolah adiwiyata merupakan sekolah yang sedang menjalankan program dan melaksanakan sistem pendidikan yang mengarah kepada kesadaran dan budaya warga sekolah terhadap kebersihan lingkungan sekolah. Penghargaan adiwiyata ini, merupakan penghargaan yang diberikan langsung oleh pemerintah kepada sekolah yang telah berhasil menerapkan pendidikan lingkungan hidup di sekolah, penghargaan ini juga diberikan sebagai bentuk apresiasi kepada sekolah yang sudah menjalankan program adiwiyata sesuai dengan prosedur yang diberikan pemerintah. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini, untuk mengetahui strategi, dan cara yang dilakukan oleh SMPN 1 Cisarua dalam menjalankan program sekolah adiwiyata. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskripsi. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu, SMPN 1 Cisarua memiliki cara dan strategi khusus dalam menjalankan program sekolah adiwiyata, sehingga dapat memenangkan penghargaan tersebut pada tahun 2022.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Integratif Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Terhadap Karakter Bernalar Kritis Siswa Kelas IV
Authors: Ramdini Distian Fisti , Nugroho Wahyu , Puspasari Yovita
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study aims to determine the extent of the differences between students who are given the application of integrative learning models based on Javanese local wisdom in the learning process and students who still use conventional learning models on students' critical reasoning characters. This research uses quantitative methods. The form of design in this research is quasi-experimental research. This research was conducted by applying certain treatments to one group (experimental group) and not applying them to another group (control group), in which the two groups were pre-tested and post-tested. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the t-test using the paired sample t-test and the independent sample t-test with the results of the two hypothesis tests being a (2-tailed) value of 0.000 less than 0.05, then Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected. It can be concluded that the research results show differences in students' critical reasoning characters in the experimental class were higher than the control class. So from this study, an integrative learning model based on Javanese local wisdom has an effect on increasing the critical reasoning character of fourth grade elementary school students.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perbedaan antara siswa yang diberikan penerapan model pembelajaran integratif berbasis kearifan lokal jawa pada proses pembelajaran dengan siswa yang masih menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap karakter bernalar kritis siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Bentuk desain dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menerapkan treatment tertentu pada satu kelompok (kelompok eksperimen) dan tidak menerapkannya pada kelompok yang lain (kelompok kontrol), yang mana dua kelompok tersebut dilakukan pre test dan post test. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan uji t menggunakan paired sample t-test dan independent sample t-test dengan hasil kedua uji hipotesis tersebut adalah nilai (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 kurang dari 0,05, maka Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak, dapat disimpulkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan karakter bernalar kritis siswa pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Sehingga dari penelitian ini, model pembelajaran integratif berbasis kearifan lokal jawa berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan karakter bernalar kritis siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar.
Penggunaan Media GESUKA “Gelas Suku Kata” untuk meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Suku Kata
Authors: Umami Aida Isti , Irawati Ettik , Swastika I Ketut
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The poor learning results in syllables as an Indonesian language topic prompted this investigation. The goal of this research was to examine class I learning via the lens of syllable glass analysis. The researchers followed the four steps of the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model of class action research, which included developing an action plan, carrying it out, observing its results, and reflecting on the study's methodology. Two iterations of the implementation were used in this study. Research is carried out in these four phases throughout each cycle. The subjects of this study were 28 pupils of grade I at SDN Bandulan 4 Malang. Research tests and observations rely on data collecting, which is done by researchers. Researchers often use a multiple-choice format for their assessments. The collected data was examined using descriptive statistics. The research found that when Gesuka media was introduced, students' average learning outcomes rose from 60 in the pre-cycle to 74.3 in the first cycle. The second cycle had a similarly impressive improvement, reaching an overall average of 89.3. The improvement may be attributed to both learning outcomes and the conduciveness of the learning environment. This research shows that first-year students of Indonesian at SDN Bandulan 4 Malang may benefit from using syllable glass media in their classrooms.
Abstrak: Buruknya hasil belajar suku kata sebagai topik bahasa Indonesia mendorong penyelidikan ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pembelajaran kelas I melalui kacamata analisis suku kata kaca. Para peneliti mengikuti empat langkah penelitian tindakan kelas model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart, yang meliputi mengembangkan rencana tindakan, melaksanakannya, mengamati hasilnya, dan merefleksikan metodologi penelitian. Dua iterasi implementasi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian dilakukan dalam empat fase tersebut sepanjang setiap siklusnya. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I SDN Bandulan 4 Malang yang berjumlah 28 orang. Tes penelitian dan observasi bergantung pada pengumpulan data yang dilakukan oleh peneliti. Peneliti sering menggunakan format pilihan ganda untuk penilaian mereka. Data yang terkumpul diperiksa dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Penelitian menemukan bahwa ketika media Gesuka diperkenalkan, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari 60 pada prasiklus menjadi 74,3 pada siklus I. Siklus kedua mengalami peningkatan yang sama mengesankannya, mencapai rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 89,3. Peningkatan tersebut mungkin disebabkan oleh hasil pembelajaran dan kondusifnya lingkungan belajar. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa tahun pertama Bahasa Indonesia di SDN Bandulan 4 Malang dapat memperoleh manfaat dari penggunaan media kaca suku kata di kelas mereka.
Impacto de la compensación salarial en el desempeño laboral: Caso Empresa Distribuciones Diaz, Chota
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, Mejía Huamán Jhonner , Tarrillo Saldaña Oscar ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, Villanueva Livaque Alicia ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, Burga Mejía Denin Ander ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación que existe entre el sistema de compensación salarial y el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de la empresa Distribuciones Díaz, Chota, la metodología utilizada en el estudio fue básica, con un diseño transversal no experimental, de nivel correlacional, la muestra estuvo conformada por 20 trabajadores de la empresa que representa a toda la población, la técnica utilizada para la recolección de datos fue la encuesta y el instrumento fue el cuestionario, el cual fue validado por el juicio de tres expertos y la confiabilidad del variables se determinó mediante Alfa de Cronbach, resultando un coeficiente de 0.899 para la variable sistema de compensación salarial y 0.955 para el desempeño laboral, lo que resultó en una relación significativa entre el sistema de compensación salarial y el desempeño laboral, con un coeficiente de correlación de Rho Spearman de 0.559 y un p valor de 0.000, lo que significa que existe una relación positiva y significativa. En consecuencia, estos resultados subrayan de manera concluyente que el sistema de compensación salarial aplicado por la empresa ejerce una relación significativa sobre el desempeño laboral de su personal.
EFFECT OF HEAT-TREATMENT TEMPERATURE ON THE MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF AISI 4140 STEEL
Authors:   Trakya University, İrsel Gürkan , Guzey Betül ,   Trakya University, Kara Bilgin ,   İnan Makina Industry and Trade Inc.
Published: April 2024

Heat treatment is a metallurgical process for removing residual stresses in metals, improving their mechanical properties, reducing surface hardness, and preventing the formation of brittle fractures or cracks. The tempering (age hardening) process, which is a type of heat treatment in tempered steels, affects the mechanical and microstructural properties of the steel more than the other steel types. In this study, the base material test specimens with 13 HRC hardness and 12.5 mm diameter were heat-treated and tempered, and the effect of the heat treatment process on the mechanical and microstructural properties was investigated. AISI 4140 tempered steel was tempered at 600°C for 3 hours after 3 hours of heat treatment at 880°C, 850°C and 820°C and cooled in oil. While the base material has a tensile strength of 654.16 ± 12 MPa, the maximum tensile strengths were determined as 1022.44 ± 10 MPa, 1006.24 ± 9 MPa and 987.454 ± 11 MPa, respectively, after heat treatment at 880°C, 850°C and 820°C. The strength of the material increased by 56.29% by applying heat treatment at 880°C temperature. This increase in strength is associated with the transformation of the existing microstructure from ferritic to martensitic structure. The needle-like structure in the martensitic structure increased and lath martensite structure was formed with the combination of grain boundaries with increasing heat treatment temperature. Strength and hardness increased while the heat treatment temperature is increasing. It was observed that ductility decreased. Hereby, the temperature parameter in the heat treatment process is effective on the strength and the heat treatment has high advantages in terms of material saving in machine designs
STRUCTURAL - MORPHOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS OF PARALLEL KINEMATICS-BASED HYBRID 3D-PRINTER AND CONNECTION WITH THE CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sykorsky”, Kuznietsov Yurii , Solntsev Oleksii
Published: April 2024

This article highlights the application of a systematic method, a structural - morphological approach to the synthesis of new technical solutions in the field of additive technologies to meet the challenges of Industry 4.0, namely the synthesis of a hybrid, fully automated 3D printer with parallel kinematic structures.
CURRENT STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF MOTOR-SPINDLES FOR MACHINE TOOLS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sykorsky”, Kuznietsov Yurii , Šooš Ľubomír ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Shynkarenko Vasyl ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky", Shevchenko Oleksandr ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sykorsky”, Yurchyshyn Oksana ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sykorsky”, Shymanska Anna ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sykorsky”, Kotliarova Viktoriia ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sykorsky”
Published: April 2024

The materials of the article show the global trend for high-speed processing on machine tools, which consists in the transition from multi-link drives of the main rotary movement to a single-link drive, where the spindle unit of the machine tool is made in the form of a motor-spindle, the stator of which is the body of the spindle unit, and the rotor is the spindle. Currently, self-acting motorspindles that perform rotational and longitudinal forming movements are not manufactured. It was possible to combine these movements in the motor-spindle design thanks to the universal genetic crossing operator, which made it possible to move to hybrid systems, which became the object of this research.