bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tricetin Reduces Inflammation and Acinar Cell Injury in Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis: The Role of Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage Signaling
Authors: Nagy-Pénzes Máté , Hajnády Zoltán , Regdon Zsolt , Demény Máté Á. , Kovács Katalin , El-Hamoly Tarek , Maléth József , Hegyi Péter , Hegedűs Csaba , Virág László
Published: June 2022

Acute pancreatitis (AP) poses a worldwide challenge due to the growing incidence and its potentially life-threatening course and complications. Specific targeted therapies are not available, prompting the identification of new pathways and novel therapeutic approaches. Flavonoids comprise several groups of biologically active compounds with wide-ranging effects. The flavone compound, tricetin (TCT), has not yet been investigated in detail but sporadic reports indicate diverse biological activities. In the current study, we evaluated the potential protective effects of TCT in AP. TCT (30 μM) protected isolated primary murine acinar cells from the cytotoxic effects of cerulein, a cholecystokinin analog peptide. The protective effects of TCT were observed in a general viability assay (calcein ester hydrolysis), in an apoptosis assay (caspase activity), and in necrosis assays (propidium iodide uptake and lactate dehydrogenase release). The effects of TCT were not related to its potential antioxidant effects, as TCT did not protect against H2O2-induced acinar cell death despite possessing radical scavenging activity. Cerulein-induced expression of IL1β, IL6, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) were reduced by 30 μM TCT. In vivo experiments confirmed the protective effect of TCT in a mouse model of cerulein-induced AP. TCT suppressed edema formation and apoptosis in the pancreas and reduced lipase and amylase levels in the serum. Moreover, TCT inhibited interleukin-1β (IL1β), interleukin-6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) expression in the pancreas and reduced the activation of the oxidative DNA damage sensor enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Our data indicate that TCT can be a potential treatment option for AP.
DYRK1A and Activity-Dependent Neuroprotective Protein Comparative Diagnosis Interest in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma in the Context of Alzheimer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Down Syndrome Patients
Authors: Moreau Manon , Carmona-Iragui Maria , Altuna Miren , Dalzon Lorraine , Barroeta Isabel , Vilaire Marie , Durand Sophie , Fortea Juan , Rebillat Anne-Sophie , Janel Nathalie
Published: June 2022

Down syndrome (DS) is a complex genetic condition due to an additional copy of human chromosome 21, which results in the deregulation of many genes. In addition to the intellectual disability associated with DS, adults with DS also have an ultrahigh risk of developing early onset Alzheimer’s disease dementia. DYRK1A, a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase, whose gene is located on chromosome 21, has recently emerged as a promising plasma biomarker in patients with sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The protein DYRK1A is truncated in symptomatic AD, the increased truncated form being associated with a decrease in the level of full-length form. Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), a key protein for the brain development, has been demonstrated to be a useful marker for symptomatic AD and disease progression. In this study, we evaluated DYRK1A and ADNP in CSF and plasma of adults with DS and explored the relationship between these proteins. We used mice models to evaluate the effect of DYRK1A overexpression on ADNP levels and then performed a dual-center cross-sectional human study in adults with DS in Barcelona (Spain) and Paris (France). Both cohorts included adults with DS at different stages of the continuum of AD: asymptomatic AD (aDS), prodromal AD (pDS), and AD dementia (dDS). Non-trisomic controls and patients with sporadic AD dementia were included for comparison. Full-form levels of DYRK1A were decreased in plasma and CSF in adults with DS and symptomatic AD (pDS and dDS) compared to aDS, and in patients with sporadic AD compared to controls. On the contrary, the truncated form of DYRK1A was found to increase both in CSF and plasma in adults with DS and symptomatic AD and in patients with sporadic AD with respect to aDS and controls. ADNP levels showed a more complex structure. ADNP levels increased in aDS groups vs. controls, in agreement with the increase in levels found in the brains of mice overexpressing DYRK1A. However, symptomatic individuals had lower levels than aDS individuals. Our results show that the comparison between full-length and truncated-form levels of DYRK1A coupled with ADNP levels could be used in trials targeting pathophysiological mechanisms of dementia in individuals with DS.
CT-Detected MTA Score Related to Disability and Behavior in Older People with Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Lauriola Michele , D’Onofrio Grazia , la Torre Annamaria , Ciccone Filomena , Germano Carmela , Cascavilla Leandro , Greco Antonio
Published: June 2022

Our study aims to investigate the relationship between medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) score, assessed by computed tomography (CT) scans, and functional impairment, cognitive deficit, and psycho-behavioral disorder severity. Overall, 239 (M = 92, F = 147; mean age of 79.3 ± 6.8 years) patients were evaluated with cognitive, neuropsychiatric, affective, and functional assessment scales. MTA was evaluated from 0 (no atrophy) to 4 (severe atrophy). The homocysteine serum was set to two levels: between 0 and 10 µmol/L, and >10 µmol/L. The cholesterol and glycemia blood concentrations were measured. Hypertension and atrial fibrillation presence/absence were collected. A total of 14 patients were MTA 0, 44 patients were MTA 1, 63 patients were MTA 2, 79 patients were MTA 3, and 39 patients were MTA 4. Cognitive (p < 0.0001) and functional (p < 0.0001) parameters decreased according to the MTA severity. According to the diagnosis distribution, AD patient percentages increased by MTA severity (p < 0.0001). In addition, the homocysteine levels increased according to MTA severity (p < 0.0001). Depression (p < 0.0001) and anxiety (p = 0.001) increased according to MTA severity. This study encourages and supports the potential role of MTA score and CT scan in the field of neurodegenerative disorder research and diagnosis.
Condylar Changes after Maxillary Expansion in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate—A Three-Dimensional Retrospective Study
Authors: Graça Inês Carolina , Francisco Inês , Guimarães Adriana , Caramelo Francisco , Vale Francisco
Published: June 2022

Background: The presence of posterior crossbite can trigger aesthetic and functional changes as mandibular asymmetry in individuals, contributing to asymmetrical muscle function. Mandibular asymmetry and respective condyle adaptation may be an etiological factor in temporomandibular disorder. This study aims to evaluate the effects of maxillary expansion on the position and angulation of the condyles as well as the intercondylar distance in children with cleft lip and palate. Methods: Twenty-five individuals with cleft lip and palate who underwent maxillary expansion were selected. Condylar changes were evaluated by cone beam computed tomography using the Pullinger and Hollender formula. To determine the statistically significant differences between the variables, the Student t-test and the Benjamini–Hochberg correction method for multiple comparisons were used. Results: No statistically significant differences between angulation and condylar position before and after maxillary expansion were found. The intercondylar distance tended to increase in growing individuals with cleft lip and palate after maxillary expansion. Conclusions: Intercondylar distance shows a tendency to increase after expansion regardless of the cleft phenotype. No differences were found in angulation and condylar position with the changes in occlusion resulting from maxillary expansion.
Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) as a Platform for Evaluating Barrier-Function Susceptibility and Damage from Pulmonary Atelectrauma
Authors: Yamaguchi Eiichiro , Yao Joshua , Aymond Allison , Chrisey Douglas B. , Nieman Gary F. , Bates Jason H. T. , Gaver Donald P.
Published: June 2022

Biophysical insults that either reduce barrier function (COVID-19, smoke inhalation, aspiration, and inflammation) or increase mechanical stress (surfactant dysfunction) make the lung more susceptible to atelectrauma. We investigate the susceptibility and time-dependent disruption of barrier function associated with pulmonary atelectrauma of epithelial cells that occurs in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). This in vitro study was performed using Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) as a noninvasive evaluating technique for repetitive stress stimulus/response on monolayers of the human lung epithelial cell line NCI-H441. Atelectrauma was mimicked through recruitment/derecruitment (RD) of a semi-infinite air bubble to the fluid-occluded micro-channel. We show that a confluent monolayer with a high level of barrier function is nearly impervious to atelectrauma for hundreds of RD events. Nevertheless, barrier function is eventually diminished, and after a critical number of RD insults, the monolayer disintegrates exponentially. Confluent layers with lower initial barrier function are less resilient. These results indicate that the first line of defense from atelectrauma resides with intercellular binding. After disruption, the epithelial layer community protection is diminished and atelectrauma ensues. ECIS may provide a platform for identifying damaging stimuli, ventilation scenarios, or pharmaceuticals that can reduce susceptibility or enhance barrier-function recovery.
Inhibitory Control and Brain–Heart Interaction: An HRV-EEG Study
Authors: Cortese Maria Daniela , Vatrano Martina , Tonin Paolo , Cerasa Antonio , Riganello Francesco
Published: June 2022

Background: Motor inhibition is a complex cognitive function regulated by specific brain regions and influenced by the activity of the Central Autonomic Network. We investigate the two-way Brain–Heart interaction during a Go/NoGo task. Spectral EEG ϑ, α powerbands, and HRV parameters (Complexity Index (CI), Low Frequency (LF) and High Frequency (HF) powers) were recorded. Methods: Fourteen healthy volunteers were enrolled. We used a modified version of the classical Go/NoGo task, based on Rule Shift Cards, characterized by a baseline and two different tasks of different complexity. The participants were divided into subjects with Good (GP) and Poor (PP) performances. Results: In the baseline, CI was negatively correlated with α/ϑ. In task 1, the CI was negatively correlated with the errors and α/ϑ, while the errors were positively correlated with α/ϑ. In task 2, CI was negatively correlated with the Reaction Time and positively with α, and the errors were negatively correlated with the Reaction Time and positively correlated with α/ϑ. The GP group showed, at baseline, a negative correlation between CI and α/ϑ. Conclusions: We provide a new combined Brain–Heart model underlying inhibitory control abilities. The results are consistent with the complementary role of α and ϑ oscillations in cognitive control.
Capturing Subjective Mild Cognitive Decline in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Rosenblum Sara , Meyer Sonya , Richardson Ariella , Hassin-Baer Sharon
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to capture subjective daily functional cognitive decline among patients with Parkinson’s disease. Participants (40–79 y; 78 with Parkinson’s disease and 41 healthy matched controls) completed the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Functional Rating Scale (CFRS), Daily Living Questionnaire (DLQ), and Time Organisation and Participation Scale (TOPS) questionnaires. Patients with Parkinson’s disease were divided into groups with or without suspected mild cognitive decline according to their scores on the Cognitive Functional (CF) feature, which is based on certain items of the MDS-UPDRS. Significant between-group differences were found in the DLQ and TOPS scores. Significant correlations were found among the questionnaire results, with specific DLQ and TOPS items accounting for 35% of the variance in the CF feature, which correlated with daily cognitive functional states. This study’s results are relevant for detecting subtle deficits in Parkinson’s disease patients suspected of mild cognitive decline, which can affect health and quality of life and relates to risk for later dementia.
Development of Connection Technology between Multi-Point Press and Flexible Mold for Manufacturing Free-Form Concrete Panel
Authors: Yun Jiyeong , Youn Jongyoung , Kim Jihye , Lee Donghoon
Published: June 2022

Many studies have been conducted for the accuracy of free-form concrete panel fabrication, but there still are errors in the process of fabrication. This study developed a connection technology of detachable shape part that can be applied to the existing multi-point Computer Numerical Control (CNC) to enhance the accuracy of fabrication. The detachable type can place a silicone plate on top of the rod without additional fixtures. The accuracy of the technology was verified by curvature test and free-form concrete panel fabrication test. Three curves were created to compare the discrepancies between the designed shapes and the fabricated shapes through quality test. As a result, the detachable type decreased the error by up to 2 mm. In addition, a panel was fabricated to analyze the error to verify the rigidity of the developed molds. The error caused by concrete deflection under load or the error caused by repeated fabrication was about 0.5 mm. The shape error was within 3.5 mm. This small error proved greater accuracy compared to the existing technology.
Spatial Characteristics and Driving Factors of Public–Private Partnership Projects Implemented in China
Authors: Yang Fan , Li Jintao , Wang Yi , Guo Shengyu , Lei Heqian
Published: June 2022

In recent years, public–private partnership (PPP), as an alternative strategy in the delivery of infrastructure services, has developed rapidly in China. However, the implementation of PPP projects differs significantly between provinces and municipalities. Using the implementation data of national PPP demonstration projects, this study employs spatial autoregression and a spatial Durbin model (SDM) to explore the spatial characteristics and driving factors of PPP projects across China. The results indicate that the PPP project implementation rate in China shows significant spatial clustering, which indicates a spatial spillover effect in the eastern, central, and western regions of the country. The fixed asset investment and infrastructure status exert a significant positive effect on the PPP project implementation rate in a certain region and aid in the implementation of PPP projects in the neighboring regions. Urbanization potentiality, the financial self-sufficiency rate, and regional openness do not have an impact on the local PPP project implementation rate, but they do inhibit the increase in this rate in the adjacent regions. Fiscal capacity, government credibility, and the level of social development do not affect the local PPP project implementation rate, but they do promote the implementation of the PPP projects of these neighboring regions. Local authorities should make additional efforts to build an inter-regional development environment for PPP and promote the implementation of PPP projects.
Integrated Building Maintenance and Safety Framework: Educational and Public Facilities Case Study
Authors: Wang Kun-Chi , Almassy Reut , Wei Hsi-Hsien , Shohet Igal M.
Published: June 2022

The facility safety is a highly important issue in educational institutions and public facilities, where the safety and health of the occupants (students, educational and public service staff) is a high-order priority. The research hypothesizes that a synergy exists between the maintenance and safety of public facilities. Analytical–empirical research methods were aimed at the development of an integrated maintenance–safety framework. The framework was validated through inferential statistics and a case study. A correlation (R2) of 0.74 between the level of maintenance and the safety level of 24 educational facilities was found using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The levels of maintenance and of safety observed were marginal. An innovative Integrated Safety–maintenance performance framework was developed for synergetic safety–maintenance monitoring, control and management. The framework proposes a cycle loop of safety–maintenance–performance audits of facilities as a key tool for advanced maintenance and safety management in public facilities. The framework was validated in a case study of public facility. The time history of maintenance performance and safety shows a high level of fitness (R2 = 0.8865, p-Value < 0.05). These research findings stress that integrated safety and maintenance should be implemented as a unified procedure to enhance the advanced maintenance performance and safety climate in public facilities management.
Analytical Implications of Mortgage Lending Value and Bottom Value
Authors: Salvo Francesca , De Ruggiero Manuela , Tavano Daniela , De Paola Pierfrancesco , Del Giudice Francesco Paolo
Published: June 2022

This study concerns the analytical formulation and relative implications of bottom value (BV) and mortgage lending value (MLV) regarding properties where the existing building provides an income during its useful life, leaving thereafter only the land value. The bottom value is equal to the overall property’s market value minus all incomes not collected by the end of the building’s economic life. Furthermore, it considers the income rates for land and buildings differently according to the investment type, while the mortgage lending value considers, instead, a unique rate. The mortgage lending value assessment is conducted under restrictive assumptions on long-term aspects, future marketability, and local market conditions. For the first time, mathematical and appraisal models have been applied to determine the mortgage lending value and the bottom value in particular cases, such as that mentioned above and considered in the present study (existing buildings providing income during their useful life). Some of the indexes introduced in the paper are completely original with respect to the current reference literature.
Framework for Computerizing the Processes of a Job and Automating the Operational Management on Site—A Case Study of Demolition and Reconstruction Construction Site
Authors: Amici Caterina , Rotilio Marianna , Berardinis Pierluigi De , Cucchiella Federica
Published: June 2022

With regard to the topic of digitization for operational site control, it is clear that while there is an acceleration towards digitization of processes, especially complex ones, there are still clear research gaps to be filled. The present study is part of this line of research and aims to respond to the current demand for digital and sustainable innovation of production processes. It, therefore, aims at defining a framework for the management of an order that takes place in real time. In order to improve the quality of information and organizational processes of an order in a project-oriented logic, a framework has been created: Model Smart Management. The framework integrates project management techniques with digital innovation tools and includes a computerized procedure to monitor and control the operational management of the site: SmartApp. In order to allow the interoperability of information, the platform can be used entirely in the cloud. From the processing of data in the planning phase, ad hoc checklists are developed that include a series of activities closely related to each other to ensure a continuity step by step, allowing users to have an immediate control of the project and of the relevant key performance indicators thanks to an advanced and fully customizable reporting. SmartApp, integrated with a cloud computing system, makes computerized and automated the operational control on site, creating a centralized archive of all company data, reducing time and costs for the management of documentation. Moreover, with the omnichannel system, paper documents are managed and archived through QR-code, optical character recognition on smart devices, so as to achieve a regime of maximum efficiency. This framework was then applied in a case study located in L'Aquila, Italy, represented by a post 2009 earthquake demolition and reconstruction site.
Insights into the Possible Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Piombino Claudia , Cortesi Laura
Published: June 2022

PARP1 enzyme plays an important role in DNA damage recognition and signalling. PARP inhibitors are approved in breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers harbouring a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2, where PARP1 inhibition results mainly in synthetic lethality in cells with impaired homologous recombination. However, the increasingly wide use of PARP inhibitors in clinical practice has highlighted the problem of resistance to therapy. Several different mechanisms of resistance have been proposed, although only the acquisition of secondary mutations in BRCA1/2 has been clinically proved. The aim of this review is to outline the key molecular findings that could explain the development of primary or secondary resistance to PARP inhibitors, analysing the complex interactions between PARP1, cell cycle regulation, PI3K/AKT signalling, response to stress replication, homologous recombination, and other DNA damage repair pathways in the setting of BRCA1/2 mutated cancers.
Management of Older Adults with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Dickstein Daniel R. , Lehrer Eric J. , Hsieh Kristin , Hotca Alexandra , Jones Brianna M. , Powers Ann , Sharma Sonam , Liu Jerry , Gupta Vishal , Mell Loren , Husain Zain , Kirke Diana , Misiukiewicz Krzysztof , Posner Marshall , Genden Eric , Bakst Richard L.
Published: June 2022

Thirty percent of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are at least 70 years of age. This number continues to rise as life expectancy continues to increase. Still, older adults with HNSCC remain underrepresented in clinical trials, resulting in ambiguity on optimal management. Older adults are a complex patient population, often requiring increased support due to issues relating to functional and performance status, medical comorbidities, and medication management. Furthermore, in older adults with HNSCC, many of these conditions are independently associated with increased toxicity and worse outcomes. Toxicity in the older adult remains difficult to predict and to understand, and as treatment decisions are based on treatment tolerability, it is essential to understand the toxicities and how to minimize them. Novel predictive scores are being developed specifically for older adults with HNSCC to understand toxicity and to assist in personalized treatment decisions. There are clinical trials presently underway that are investigating shortened radiation courses and novel, less toxic systemic treatments in this population. In the forthcoming sections, we provide a detailed overview of the clinical data, treatment paradigms, and considerations in this population. This review provides a comprehensive overview of existing clinical data and clinical considerations in the older adult head and neck cancer population. Additionally, we provide a detailed overview of pertinent current and ongoing clinical trials, as well as future areas for investigation.
Asymmetric Phase Transfer Catalysed Michael Addition of γ-Butenolide and N-Boc-Pyrrolidone to 4-Nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles
Authors: Salazar Illera Diana , Pacifico Roberta , Adamo Mauro F. A.
Published: June 2022

Herein we report the addition of acidic γ-butenolide and N-Boc-pyrrolidone to 4-nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles, a popular class of cinnamic ester synthetic equivalent. The reactions proceeded under the catalysis of Cinchona-based phase-transfer catalysts. Functionalised γ-butenolides were obtained in good isolated yields and moderate enantioselectivity (up to 74% ee).
Extracellular Vesicles as Drivers of Immunoinflammation in Atherothrombosis
Authors: Suades Rosa , Greco Maria Francesca , Padró Teresa , Badimon Lina
Published: June 2022

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small lipid-bilayer membrane vesicles released by most cellular types, exert pivotal and multifaceted roles in physiology and disease. Emerging evidence emphasizes the importance of EVs in intercellular communication processes with key effects on cell survival, endothelial homeostasis, inflammation, neoangiogenesis, and thrombosis. This review focuses on EVs as effective signaling molecules able to both derail vascular homeostasis and induce vascular dysfunction, inflammation, plaque progression, and thrombus formation as well as drive anti-inflammation, vascular repair, and atheroprotection. We provide a comprehensive and updated summary of the role of EVs in the development or regression of atherosclerotic lesions, highlighting the link between thrombosis and inflammation. Importantly, we also critically describe their potential clinical use as disease biomarkers or therapeutic agents in atherothrombosis.
Restructuring of Lamina-Associated Domains in Senescence and Cancer
Authors: Bellanger Aurélie , Madsen-Østerbye Julia , Galigniana Natalia M. , Collas Philippe
Published: June 2022

Induction of cellular senescence or cancer is associated with a reshaping of the nuclear envelope and a broad reorganization of heterochromatin. At the periphery of mammalian nuclei, heterochromatin is stabilized at the nuclear lamina via lamina-associated domains (LADs). Alterations in the composition of the nuclear lamina during senescence lead to a loss of peripheral heterochromatin, repositioning of LADs, and changes in epigenetic states of LADs. Cancer initiation and progression are also accompanied by a massive reprogramming of the epigenome, particularly in domains coinciding with LADs. Here, we review recent knowledge on alterations in chromatin organization and in the epigenome that affect LADs and related genomic domains in senescence and cancer.
Science CommuniCa2+tion Developing Scientific Literacy on Calcium: The Involvement of CRAC Currents in Human Health and Disease
Authors: Humer Christina , Berlansky Sascha , Grabmayr Herwig , Sallinger Matthias , Bernhard Andreas , Fahrner Marc , Frischauf Irene
Published: June 2022

All human life starts with a calcium (Ca2+) wave. This ion regulates a plethora of cellular functions ranging from fertilisation and birth to development and cell death. A sophisticated system is responsible for maintaining the essential, tight concentration of calcium within cells. Intricate components of this Ca2+ network are store-operated calcium channels in the cells’ membrane. The best-characterised store-operated channel is the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. Currents through CRAC channels are critically dependent on the correct function of two proteins: STIM1 and Orai1. A disruption of the precise mechanism of Ca2+ entry through CRAC channels can lead to defects and in turn to severe impacts on our health. Mutations in either STIM1 or Orai1 proteins can have consequences on our immune cells, the cardiac and nervous system, the hormonal balance, muscle function, and many more. There is solid evidence that altered Ca2+ signalling through CRAC channels is involved in the hallmarks of cancer development: uncontrolled cell growth, resistance to cell death, migration, invasion, and metastasis. In this work we highlight the importance of Ca2+ and its role in human health and disease with focus on CRAC channels.
Molecular Biology in Glioblastoma Multiforme Treatment
Authors: Abbruzzese Claudia , Persico Michele , Matteoni Silvia , Paggi Marco G.
Published: June 2022

Glioblastoma (GBM, grade IV astrocytoma), the most frequently occurring primary brain tumor, presents unique challenges to therapy due to its location, aggressive biological behavior, and diffuse infiltrative growth, thus contributing to having disproportionately high morbidity and mortality [...]
Gas-Sensing Properties of Dissolved Gases in Insulating Material Adsorbed on SnO2–GeSe Monolayer
Authors: Guo Liang-Yan , Liang Suning , Yang Zhi , Jin Lingfeng , Tan Yaxiong , Huang Zhengyong
Published: June 2022

In a transformer, the insulation materials will produce different dissolved gases due to various faults in the operation of the transformer, in which C2H2, CH4, and H2 are the main dissolved gases. In this study, the adsorption characteristics of the above three gases on the SnO2–GeSe monolayer surface were discussed and analyzed based on the density functional theory. The adsorption energy, transfer charge, geometric structure parameters, electronic density of states, electronic local function, charge difference density, and recovery time were calculated and compared to characterize the gas-sensing adsorption mechanism. The results showed that the SnO2–GeSe monolayer exhibited good adsorption capacity, selectivity, and repeatability for the three characteristic dissolved gases. After adsorbing CH4 gas molecules, the conductivity of the SnO2–GeSe monolayer decreased. After adsorbing C2H2 and H2 gas molecules, the conductivity of the SnO2–GeSe monolayer increased. Therefore, the SnO2–GeSe monolayer has great application potential in the real-time monitoring of dissolved gases in insulating materials, which may become a new type of resistive gas sensor.
Mothers’ Experiences of Care Coordination for Children with Disabilities: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Matsuzawa Akemi , Shiroki Yuko
Published: June 2022

Few studies have investigated the care coordination for children with disabilities and their families in Japan. Care coordination enhances the quality of care for these children and their families. This study explores mothers’ experiences of coordinated care provided to their children with disabilities and their families. We used a qualitative descriptive approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with 11 Japanese mothers/primary caregivers of children with disabilities to describe their experiences. Four main themes were identified: shared decision-making with key workers, receiving an assessment of the entire family, timely access to coordinated health care services, and a reduced psychological burden and empowerment of mothers. Our findings suggest that care coordination has multiple beneficial effects on children with disabilities and their families, including improving the outcomes. Further research should examine how high-quality care coordination can be provided for such children and their families.
The Predictive Value of Radiographs and the Pirani Score for Later Additional Surgery in Ponseti-Treated Idiopathic Clubfeet, an Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Moerman Sophie , Zijlstra-Koenrades Nienke , Reijman Max , Kempink Dagmar R. J. , Bessems Johannes H. J. M. , de Vos-Jakobs Suzanne
Published: June 2022

There are few validated predictors of the need for additional surgery in idiopathic clubfeet treated according to the Ponseti method. Our aim was to examine if physical examination (Pirani score) and radiographs at the age of three months (after initial correction of the clubfeet) can predict the future need for additional surgery. In this retrospective cohort study, radiographs of idiopathic clubfeet were made at the age of three months. The Pirani score was determined at the first cast, before tenotomy, and at the age of three months. Follow-up was at least five years. The correlation between the radiograph, Pirani score, and the need for additional surgery was explored with logistic regression analysis. Parent satisfaction was measured with a disease-specific instrument. The study included 72 clubfeet (50 children) treated according to the Ponseti method. Additional surgery was needed on 27 feet (38%). A larger lateral tibiocalcaneal angle (i.e., equinus) and a smaller lateral talocalcaneal angle (i.e., hindfoot varus) at the age of three months were correlated with the need for additional surgery. Higher Pirani scores before tenotomy and at the age of three months also correlated with additional surgery. Parent satisfaction was lower in patients who needed additional surgery. Both the Pirani scores and the lateral radiographs are predictive for future additional surgery.
Loss of Continuity of Care in Pediatric Neurology Services during COVID-19 Lockdown: An Additional Stressor for Parents
Authors: Cesario Serena , Basile Consuelo , Trevisan Matteo , Gigliotti Federica , Manti Filippo , Esposito Rita Maria , Abbracciavento Giuseppe , Mastrangelo Mario
Published: June 2022

Background. This study aimed to investigate the consequence of the COVID 19-related lockdown on the well-being of children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders and the repercussion on parental stress during the period 9 March 2020–3 May 2020. Methods. A web-based survey was shared via mail with the parents of children affected by chronic neurologic disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders in the continuity of care in two Italian tertiary centers, independently by the severity of the diseases and the required frequency of controls. For each patient, they were asked to identify a single main caregiver, among the two parents, to fill in the questionnaire. Parental stress was measured via the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. The differences between the clinical groups were performed with one way ANOVA. The dimensional effect of the clinical variables on outcome was evaluated by multiple linear regression analysis. Results. The survey was completed by 250 parents (response rate = 48.9 %). Sars-Cov2 infection was reported in two patients only. A total of 44.2% of the patients had completely interrupted school activities while 70% of parents underwent changes in their job modalities. Health care services were disrupted in 77% of patients. Higher PSS scores were detected in the parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (p = 0.035). Conclusions. The loss of continuity of care during the lockdown must be considered as a risk factor for parents caring for children with chronic neurologic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in further phases of the current pandemic.
The Role of Serial Liquid Biopsy in the Management of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Sama Srikar , Le Thuy , Ullah Asad , Elhelf Islam A. , Kavuri Sravan K. , Karim Nagla Abdel
Published: June 2022

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Surgery remains the best option to treat lung cancer when feasible. However, many cases are diagnosed beyond the initial stages. There has been tremendous progress in the treatment of lung cancer over the last few years. Studies have shown that biomarker-driven targeted therapies lead to better outcomes. Due to the technical difficulties and significant procedural risk associated with repeated tissue biopsies, analysis of tumor constituents circulating in the blood, such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and various proteins, is becoming more widely recognized as an alternative method of tumor sampling, i.e., liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsy is superior to tissue biopsy, as it is minimally invasive and easily repeatable. Given the recent data on changes in mutations as the disease progresses or responds to treatment, liquid biopsies can help monitor the changes and guide us in giving targeted drugs. Here we present a case of advanced NSCLC who was initially started on Alectinib based on positivity for ALK gene rearrangement found in the FISH study. At the time of progression, molecular profiling liquid biopsy was obtained, which revealed KRAS-p.G12C mutation. Thus, the patient’s therapy was later on changed to sotorasib after the FDA approved a KRAS-p.G12C mutation inhibitor.
Assessment of Dynamic Knee Valgus between Lateral Step-Down Test and Running in Female Runners with and without Patellofemoral Pain Using Two-Dimensional Video Analysis
Authors: de Vasconcelos Diego Protasio , Aidar Felipe J. , Lima Tarcisio Brandao , Filho Flavio Martins do Nascimento , Mendonça Igor Leonardo Alves , Díaz-de-Durana Alfonso López , Garrido Nuno Domingos , Santiago Michael Silveira , Junior Walderi Monteiro da Silva
Published: June 2022

Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) is a frontal plane knee kinematic alteration that has been associated with patellofemoral pain (PFP) in female runners. DKV is commonly assessed in clinical practice by measuring frontal plane knee projection angle (FPPA) during squat tests. However, it remains unclear whether the DKV observed in these tests is similar to or correlates with that observed during running in female runners. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to correlate and compare DKV, by measuring FPPA values, in a lateral step-down (LSD) squat test and running in female runners with and without PFP. A two-dimensional (2D) video analysis of the LSD test and running was carried out for 21 asymptomatic female runners and 17 PFP female runners in order to determine FPPA values. A Pearson correlation test and a factorial ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction were used for statistical analysis. The FPPAs recorded in the LSD test were significantly higher than those recorded during running in the asymptomatic (16.32° ± 5.38 vs. 4.02° ± 3.26, p < 0.01) and PFP groups (17.54° ± 7.25 vs. 4.64° ± 3.62, p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in FPPA values between asymptomatic and PFP runners during the LSD test (16.32° ± 5.38 vs. 17.54° ± 7.25, p = 0.55) and running (4.02° ± 3.26 vs. 4.64° ± 3.62, p = 0.58). There was a small (r < 0.3) and non-significant (p > 0.05) correlation in FPPAs between the LSD test and running in both groups. According to our results, DKV was not similar during the LSD test and running, and there was no significant correlation in FPPA values between the LSD test and running in both groups. Therefore, clinicians and therapists should be aware of these findings when using the LSD test in clinical practice to evaluate DKV in female runners with or without PFP.
Special Issue “Functional Oxide Thin Films and Nanostructures: Growth, Properties, and Applications”
Authors: Mele Paolo , Kaneko Satoru , Endo Tamio
Published: June 2022

It has been almost three years since we enthusiastically accepted the offer to be guest editors for this Special Issue of Coatings, entitled “Functional Oxide Thin Films and Nanostructures: Growth, Properties, and Applications” [...]
PPy-Modified Prussian Blue Cathode Materials for Low-Cost and Cycling-Stable Aqueous Zinc-Based Hybrid Battery
Authors: Ruan Yushan , Chen Lineng , Cui Lianmeng , An Qinyou
Published: June 2022

Prussian blue analogs are promising cathode materials in aqueous ion batteries that have attracted increasing attention, but their low specific capacity and limited cycling stability remain to be further improved. Effective strategies to optimize the electrochemical performance of Prussian blue cathode materials are the aspects of electrolyte and structure modification. In this work, Na2MnFe(CN)6@PPy nanocubes were prepared by a simple co-precipitation method with PPy coating. Compared with the uncoated electrode material, the discharged capacity of the Na2MnFe(CN)6@PPy cathode material is raised from 25.2 to 55.0 mAh g−1 after 10 cycles in the Na-Zn hybrid electrolyte, while the capacity retention is improved from 63.5% to 86.5% after 150 cycles, indicating higher capacity and better stability. This work also investigates the electrochemical performances of Na2MnFe(CN)6@PPy cathode material in hybrid electrolyte of Li-Zn and K-Zn adjusted via different mixed ion solutions. The relevant results provide an innovative way to optimize advanced aqueous hybrid batteries from the perspective of cycling stability.
Modelling the Thermal Effects on Structural Components of Composite Slabs under Fire Conditions
Authors: Balsa Carlos , Silveira Matheus , Mange Valerian , Piloto Paulo A. G.
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a finite-element-based computational model to evaluate the thermal behaviour of composite slabs with a steel deck submitted to standard fire exposure. This computational model is used to estimate the temperatures in the slab components that contribute to the fire resistance according to the load-bearing criterion defined in the standards. The numerical results are validated with experimental results, and a parametric study of the effect of the thickness of the concrete on the temperatures of the slab components is presented. Composite slabs with normal or lightweight concrete and different steel deck geometries (trapezoidal and re-entrant) were considered in the simulations. In addition, the numerical temperatures are compared with those obtained using the simplified method provided by the standards. The results of the simulations show that the temperatures predicted by the simplified method led, in most cases, to an unsafe design of the composite slab. Based on the numerical results, a new analytical method, alternative to the simplified method, is defined in order to accurately determine the temperatures at the slab components and, thus, the bending resistance of the composite slabs under fire conditions.
A Review of Moisturizers; History, Preparation, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Mawazi Saeid Mezail , Ann Jo , Othman Noordin , Khan Jiyauddin , Alolayan Sultan Othman , Al thagfan Sultan S. , Kaleemullah Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Moisturizers are one of the most widely used preparations in cosmetics and have been extensively used to soften the skin for consumers. Moisturizers work effectively in combating dry skin which may cause pain, tightness, itch, stinging, and/or tingling. The aim of this review is to evaluate published studies on the history, ingredients, preparation processes, characteristics, uses, and applications of moisturizers. Moisturizers bridge the gap between medicine and consumer goods by being used to make the skin more beautiful and healthy. In the future, in moisturizer therapy, the capacity to adapt specific agents to specific dermatological demands will be crucial. Cosmetically, moisturizers make the skin smooth by the mechanism of increasing the water content in the stratum corneum, hence exerting its most vital action, which is moisturizing action and maintaining a normal skin pH.
An Overview of SARS-CoV-2 and Technologies for Detection and Ongoing Treatments: A Human Safety Initiative
Authors: Kurrey Ramsingh , Saha Anushree
Published: June 2022

A new class of coronavirus, known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been discovered, which is responsible for the occurrence of the disease, COVID-19. A comparative study with SARS, MERS and other human viruses was conductedand concluded that SARS-CoV-2 spread more rapidly due to increased globalization and adaptation of the virus in every environment. According to recent WHO reports, by 16 May 2021, the current outbreak of COVID-19 had affected over 174,054,314 people and killed more than 3,744,116 people in more than 222 countries acrossthe world. Finding a solution against the deadly COVID-19 has become an enormous challenge for researchers and virologists. A ring vaccination trial, which recruits subjects connected to a known case either socially or geographically, is a solution to evaluate vaccine efficacy and control the spread of the disease simultaneously, although its implementation is challenging. This review aims to summarize the noteworthy features of the world-intimidating SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic along with its evaluation, problems and challenges in the treatment strategies, clinical efficiency and detection methods proposed so far. This paper describes the impact of the lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic on social, economic, health, and National Health Programs in India; possible ways to control the disease are also discussed.
Interplay between Habit Plane and Orientation Relationship in an Electron Backscatter Diffraction Analysis: Using the Example of η′-Al8Fe3 in η-Al5Fe2
Authors: Becker Hanka , Hielscher Ralf , Leineweber Andreas
Published: June 2022

The Al5Fe2 intermetallic rouses interest due to its rapid formation at the interface between iron/steel and aluminum by reactive interdiffusion. Only in the last few years have the differently ordered states of that intermetallic been elucidated (η′, η″, η‴ and ηm). In the present work, the microstructural characteristics of the plate-shaped η′-Al8Fe3 phase regions in a η‴/η-phase matrix were investigated, determining the habit planes from two-dimensional electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) maps. Within an η grain, there are altogether four variants of η′ with four characteristically crystallographic equivalent habit planes with respect to η. These habit planes have been determined based on their traces measured for differently oriented η containing the η′ plates, applying different methods. One method in particular makes use of the connection between orientation relationship and habit planes. Using these methods, the habit planes were determined as {hkl}η and {hkl}η′, both with {1 1.8 2.5}η/η′. Thus, essential characteristics of the microstructure are provided for further analysis of the phase transformation of the η phase to the η′-Al8Fe3 phase.
Ion-Track Template Synthesis and Characterization of ZnSeO3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Dauletbekova Alma , Akylbekova Aiman , Sarsekhan Gulnaz , Usseinov Abay , Baimukhanov Zein , Kozlovskiy Artem , Vlasukova Liudmila A. , Komarov Fadey F. , Popov Anatoli I. , Akilbekov Abdirash T.
Published: June 2022

ZnSeO3 nanocrystals with an orthorhombic structure were synthesized by electrochemical and chemical deposition into SiO2/Si ion-track template formed by 200 MeV Xe ion irradiation with the fluence of 107 ions/cm2. The lattice parameters determined by the X-ray diffraction and calculated by the CRYSTAL computer program package are very close to each other. It was found that ZnSeO3 has a direct band gap of 3.8 eV at the Γ-point. The photoluminescence excited by photons at 300 nm has a low intensity, arising mainly due to zinc and oxygen vacancies. Photoluminescence excited by photons with a wavelength of 300 nm has a very low intensity, presumably due to electronic transitions of zinc and oxygen vacancies.
Role of Water in Defining the Structure and Properties of B-Form DNA
Authors: Crane-Robinson Colyn
Published: June 2022

DNA in the cell is rarely naked but normally protein-bound in nucleosomes. Of special interest is the DNA bound to other factors that control its key functions of transcription, replication, and repair. For these several transactions of DNA, the state of hydration plays an important role in its function, and therefore needs to be defined in as much detail as possible. High-resolution crystallography of short B-form duplexes shows that the mixed polar and apolar surface of the major groove binds water molecules over the broad polar floor of the groove in a sequence-dependent varied manner. In contrast, the narrower minor groove, particularly at AT-rich segments, binds water molecules to the polar groups of the bases in a regular double layer reminiscent of the structure of ice. This review is largely devoted to measurements made in solution, principally calorimetric, that are fully consistent with the location of water molecules seen in crystals, thereby emphasizing the substantial difference between the hydration patterns of the two grooves.