bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manejo anestésico de hemorragia en cesárea: caso clínico
Authors: Peralta-Castro Graciela , Ortiz-Palacios Franz
Published: October 2024

A nivel mundial, la hemorragia sigue siendo la causa principal de mortalidad de la gestante y origina el 25% a 30% de los fallecimientos en la fase periobstetrica. En nuestro país las principales causas de muerte materna. El 63% de estas las principales causas fueron las hemorragias (59%) por retención placentaria y atonía uterina. Reportamos el caso de gestante de 38 años con diagnóstico de embarazo de 34 semanas; placenta previa oclusiva total sangrante programada para cesárea de emergencia. Es intervenida quirúrgicamente bajo bloqueo subaracnoideo que por la hemorragia severa secundaria a hipotonía uterina se decide histerectomía de emergencia. Se pasa a anestesia general con reposición de volemia con cristoloides y componentes hemáticos. Es transferida a Terapia Intensiva Extrainstitucional. La Hemorragia postparto es una complicación grave que es la causa más prevenible de mortalidad materna.
Determinación de la potencia mecánica en pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo por covid-19
Authors: Bautista Richard
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19), requiere de ventilación mecánica por insuficiencia respiratoria grave. La Potencia Mecánica (PM) es un parámetro hacer monitorizado que resume la cantidad de energía por unidad de tiempo. Objetivo: Determinar la Potencia Mecánica como valor predictor en pacientes con Síndrome de Distres Respiratorio Agudo (SDRA) por Covid-19. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional, analítico, longitudinal retrospectivo, en el cual se incluyeron 48 pacientes. Para determinar la asociación entre las variables se empleó la prueba de la X2 y T de student. Estimamos la supervivencia por el método de Kaplan-Meier. El programa estadístico utilizado fue el software libre R. Resultados: Se estableció en punto de corte para la Potencia Mecánica al ingreso de >24.5 J/min, con un valor de área bajo la curva de 0.818, presentaron un incremento de riesgo en Mortalidad con un RR: 1.80 (IC95%:1.2-5.79). La mediana de supervivencia fue de 16 días (IC del 95%: 14-28) para el grupo de <24.5 J/min, el 31.25% (n=15) falleció de la serie estudiada, como el p-valor obtenido fue 0.001, en la regresión de cox multivariante, la potencia mecánica se mantuvo como probable factor de riesgo. Conclusiones: La Potencia Mecánica se determinó como predictor de mortalidad al ingreso, esta asociación de riesgo incrementa de manera paralela y exponencial con valores >24.5 J/min, siendo también el mejor punto de corte. Apuntar a una PM (<24.5 J/min), puede traducirse en mejores resultados.
Disappearing the Cofounders
Authors: M█████  , Byler Darren
Published: October 2024

This short essay tells the stories of how two of our mutual Uyghur friends have disappeared into the Xinjiang "reeducation" system over the past few years. Taking up a redaction practice that we liken to skillful revelation of skillful concealment—a definition of magic coined by anthropologist Michael Taussig—we produced a narrative about our friendships suffused with state power and the allure of a blank signifier. Thinking about this narrative in relation to a 1985 Uyghur novella titled “Classmates,” written from the perspective of a young Uyghur man as he is released following ten years of  “reeducation through hard labor,” produced another revelation: in the midst of extreme social violence, daring to think and imagine offers a form of survival and risk. Writing the redacted nonfiction stories of our friends lives while thinking about the fictional novella placed us in dialogue with a state that appears to be simultaneously everywhere and nowhere, devouring all of life. It also allows for a more intimate form of magic, a way for us to remain in relation with our friends and for them to remain, at least partially, the authors of their own stories.
Collaborations and Disclosures in Authoritarian Fields
Authors: A█████  , N█████
Published: October 2024

The 2014 election of Narendra Modi and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government marked an epochal shift in Indian politics, both signaling the growing strength of the far-right Hindu nationalist movement as it achieved unprecedented state power and suggesting that profound changes to the state and the country were on their way. This chapter draws on our trajectories over the last decade as it attempts to chart links between India’s forest belt and Kashmir between 2009 and 2019. It traces the contours of the Indian state as its edges have sharpened and reflects on our own practices and self-presentations as fieldworkers. The “authoritarian field,” we suggest, is dialogic: state actors, non-state actors, and anthropologists are created and masked in relation to one another and in relation to the ideal, upper-caste Hindu and Hindu nationalist subject of the Indian state. A reflexive anthropology in such circumstances is one that not only considers the ethnographer’s positionality and their potential complicity with colonial or post-colonial states, but also recognizes the many para-ethnographic efforts being made by others, including states and movements, to pin down the ethnographer’s credibility.
Never mind AI, what is automated testing and what are your responsibilities as a test user?
Authors: Redman Alan
Published: October 2024

Key digested message

Automated testing developed as an inevitable response to the greater testing volumes triggered by online assessment for selection in occupational settings. The technology has advanced to a point where the underlying decision-making based on test scores can be obscured from assessors. This article explores the responsibilities of assessors when adopting automated testing and inevitably discusses the impact of AI. There are five jokes.
‘Respectively male and female’: The failures of the Gender Recognition Act (2005) and the Civil Partnership Act (2005)
Authors: Whittle Stephen
Published: October 2024

If marriage is, by longstanding definition and acceptance, a formal relationship between a man and a woman, primarily (though not exclusively) with the aim of producing and rearing children as I have described it, and if that is the institution contemplated and safeguarded by Article 12, then to accord a same-sex relationship the title and status of marriage would be to fly in the face of the Convention as well as to fail to recognise physical reality (Sir Mark Potter, judgment inWilkinson v Kitzinger & Others[2006] HRLR 36, para. 120).
Danos à saúde mental de mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica assistidas pelo centro integrado de atendimento à mulher (CIAM) em Juazeiro-BA
Authors: Souza Maria Francineide Lima de , Lins Leonardo Diego , Barbosa Anna Christina Freire
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo analisa a discussão sobre saúde mental das mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica no município de Juazeiro-BA, considerando dados levantados pelo Centro Integrado de Atendimento à Mulher (CIAM), equipamento da Prefeitura Municipal de Juazeiro, no período compreendido entre 2017 e 2023. O CIAM tem como finalidade assistir a mulher vítima de violência doméstica, familiar e de gênero de forma integral, vinculado à Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Social, Mulher e Diversidade (Sedes). Buscamos compreender a violência contra a mulher como a prática de atos fundamentados no gênero, num fenômeno social que influencia o modo de viver, adoecer e morrer das mulheres, um problema social, de segurança pública e de saúde em seus vários aspectos. Um fenômeno sociológico que atinge mulheres independente de idade, cor, etnia, religião ou condição social, envolvendo ainda a complexidade de ter múltiplas causas e difícil definição, podendo ser causada pelo poder do Estado e diversas formas de controle masculinas. Foram realizadas pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. O CIAM como instrumento de acolhida às mulheres é o eixo da relação traçada aqui entre violência contra a mulher e saúde mental, registando casos de insônia, depressão, ansiedade, ideação suicida entre outros. A Rede de Enfrentamento à Violência em Juazeiro-BA, no atendimento oferecido às mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica não oferece um acompanhamento adequado no tocante à saúde mental dessas mulheres. O CIAM não tem médicos ou equipe multidisciplinar, encaminhando mulheres às unidades do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Consequências dos incêndios na qualidade ambiental e na saúde pública na mesorregião do Madeira
Authors: Alves Rodrigo Henrique Risso Aires , Araújo Jordeanes do Nascimento , Pereira Mariana Arinana Canuto , Leal Matheus Lucas Maciel , Silva Viviane Vidal da , Esteves Elian Carvalho Sousa
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos impactos das queimadas ocorridas em 2024 sobre a saúde da população amazonense. A metodologia adotada baseou-se em uma extensa revisão bibliográfica acerca dos efeitos dos incêndios florestais na saúde dos habitantes do sul do Amazonas, abrangendo os municípios de Lábrea, Apuí e Humaitá, cidades que fazem parte do novo arco do desmatamento (AMACRO). Com o auxílio de dados fornecidos pelas secretarias municipais de saúde, informações do INMET, Plume Labs e de diversos autores que discutem os efeitos das mudanças climáticas nesta região, foi possível estabelecer uma correlação significativa entre o aumento dos atendimentos hospitalares e as drásticas alterações na qualidade do ar, especialmente nos meses em que a estiagem se mostra mais severa. Em conclusão, os resultados deste estudo evidenciam a necessidade urgente de políticas públicas eficazes para mitigar os impactos das queimadas na saúde da população e preservar a qualidade do ar na região amazônica.
La crisi familiare e le giurisdizioni religiose negli Stati Uniti: tensioni tra separatismo e pluralismo nel sistema delle ADR
Authors: Miccichè Andrea
Published: October 2024

Familiar crisis and religious jurisdictions the United States: tensions between separatism and pluralism in the ADR system
ABSTRACT: In the United States, religious denominations play a central role in the out-of-court resolution of disputes. In fact, religious groups provide negotiation facilitation, mediation and arbitration services, according to models of increasing procedural complexity and binding nature. The contribution will illustrate case law guidelines about law enforcement of Jewish and Islamic judgements in familiar matters. I will focus on attempts of secular courts to mediate between opposing demands: the security of legal statuses, the maintenance of social stability and public order, the protection of rights of the individual, the deflation of civil litigation, the greater confidence of litigants towards the minister of religion acting as judge. In the conclusion, I will evaluate the impact of these trends on the intercultural paradigm that characterizes the American pluralist legal system.
SOMMARIO: 1. Le ADR religiose negli Stati Uniti tra luci e ombre - 2. Pactum suprema lex esto? Il riconoscimento dei lodi arbitrali emessi dai tribunal rabbinici in sede di divorzio - 3. Il diritto familiare musulmano tra ostracismo e neutralità - 4. E pluribus unum? Il molteplice e il singolo di fronte allegiurisdizioni religiose nella società americana
An Elementary Proof for Fermat's Last Theorem using Ramanujan-Nagell Equation
Authors:   Retired Executive Engineer, Energy Conservation Cell, Tamil Nadu State Electricity Board, Anna Salai, Chennai (Tamil Nadu), India., P. N Seetharaman
Published: October 2024

Fermat’s Last Theorem states that it is impossible to find positive integers A, B and C satisfying the equation An + Bn = Cn where n is any integer > 2. Taking the proofs of Fermat for the index n = 4, and Euler for n = 3, it is sufficient to prove the theorem for n = p, any prime > 3. We hypothesize that all r, s and t are non-zero integers in the equation rp + sp = tp and establish a contradiction in this proof. Just for supporting the proof in the above equation, we have used another equation x3 + y3 = z3 Without loss of generality, we assert that both x and y as non-zero integers; z3 a non-zero integer; z and z2 irrational. We create transformed equations to the above two equations through parameters, into which we have incorporated the Ramanujan - Nagell equation. Solving the transformed equations we prove the theorem.
Emergências anorretais
Authors: Lucena da Fonseca Neto Olival Cirilo , DE VASCONCELOS IV JOSE OLINDO , Melo Aragão Bianca , Interaminense Perez Mateus
Published: October 2024

As emergências anorretais englobam diversas patologias que causam sintomatologia incômoda aos pacientes, impactam a qualidade de vida e, por vezes, necessitam de tratamento imediato. O diagnóstico deve ser precoce e ágil, para que o tratamento adequado possa ser instituído ainda na emergência. Muitas das afecções anorretais, a exemplo de fissuras, fístulas, abscessos anais e hemorroidas, possuem diagnóstico clínico, sendo de fundamental importância o conhecimento dos sinais, dos sintomas e das formas de apresentação dessas patologias. O presente artigo teve como objetivo descrever as principais emergências anorretais, incluindo etiologia, diagnóstico e manejo, para guiar a conduta na emergência diante desses cenários clínicos.
Ácido tranexâmico para trauma:
Authors: Martinez Gabriel , Flávio Meirelles Marchini Júlio , Adão Fanti Silva Diego
Published: October 2024

O trauma constitui uma das principais causas de óbito e incapacidade em todo mundo. Um dos principais tratamentos para essa situação é a infusão de ácido tranexâmico em pacientes com coagulopatia induzida pelo trauma ou mesmo traumatismo craniencefálico. Discutimos as evidências acerca da utilização desse medicamento nos pacientes vítimas de trauma com as condições descritas. Assim, esta revisão narrativa teve o objetivo de apontar os resultados, as divergências e as perspectivas dos principais estudos e das novas recomendações relacionados à infusão de ácido tranexâmico em pacientes com coagulopatia induzida pelo trauma e traumatismo craniencefálico.
Taxonomical notes on Miliusa indica (Annonaceae): A little known species from Peninsular India and Sri Lanka
Authors: Manikandan Gurusamy
Published: October 2024

Miliusa indica Lesch. ex A.DC. is a tree belonging to the family Annonaceae and it grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is commonly known as Wooly-fruit Miliusa and locally known as Nedunaarai (Tamil). Miliusa indica is a little known species to India and Sri Lanka. In India, it’s known from Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and West Bengal and from Eastern and Western Ghats in evergreen and deciduous forests. The present study provides detailed taxonomy notes and photographic of the species.
The Rural and Urban China Education Disparities
Authors: Shao Yichen
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In the last decades, education in China has significantly developed and the majority of Chinese young generations are literate. While the exponential growth in urban adult literacy is a testament to the success of the compulsory education system, it is crucial to acknowledge that rural education has been left behind and marginalized in China. This research delves into the urgent issue of rural education inequality in China. The paper thoroughly investigates the current education problems in rural regions and proposes a solution by adjusting faculty distribution and implementing a national central platform for artificial intelligence classrooms (AIC). These measures aim to address the pressing concern, optimize funding usage, and mitigate inequality in education resources to prevent the urban-rural gap from widening. It is important to note that while implementing these proposals is yet to be completed, this paper provides a theoretical examination of the existing issues. Based on the findings, the study proposes a theoretical AIC model for making a social change of education.
The Significance and Influence of Drama Education on High School Students in the Eyes of the Public
Authors: Liu Luoqi
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Drama is a distinctive art form that has the ability to portray the characteristics of its characters in a way that resonates with the audience, providing them with both education and enlightenment. In the performance, it is easy for people to have empathy, and they will look at things from the perspective of others so as to gain experience and improve their abilities. The primary focus of this study is to investigate the significant impact of drama education on students, as well as the varying attitudes towards drama among individuals of different age groups. Therefore, this article will observe oneself from the perspective of drama, interview the public and obtain information through searching. The article discusses the role of drama in providing insight into the lives of contemporary high school students, and further examines how it facilitates emotional expression among this demographic.
Navigating the Cultural Paradox: The Dual Role of Globalisation in Propagating Cultural Hybridisation and Nationalism
Authors: Wang Xinyao
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This paper engages in a comprehensive exploration of the cultural paradox that is manifested by globalization's dual role in disseminating cultural hybridization and nationalism.Globalization not only promotes the fusion of different cultural elements, resulting in cultural hybridization phenomena. For example, the global success of South Korean pop music K-Pop, which combines Western and Korean musical elements, embodies a cultural product that is a harmonious blend of global and local cultures generated by globalization. At the same time, globalization also triggers cultural nationalism. Represented by the ideology of "America First", in the face of threats brought by globalization, it emphasizes protecting national culture and economic interests. Nationalism is a counter-reaction to globalization. The paradox of globalization lies in its role as a catalyst for both cultural hybridization and nationalism. Its complex dynamics affect the development of culture and people's perception of identity. In the future, as cultural exchanges continue to be intensified by technology and globalization, elements of hybridization and nationalism will continue to shape our world. They will influence individual and collective assertions of identity and manifest in various fields from arts and media to politics and economics. In this balancing act lies the potential to create a world that honors and appreciates the multiplicity of cultures while preserving diversity, comprising the riveting mosaic of global culture.
Research on the Relationship Between The Outsider and Existentialism
Authors: Gao Yushan
Published: October 2024

Abstract: As a masterpiece of existentialist literature, The Outsider occupies an important position in the literary genre and offers profound insights into the nature of human existence. Based on the literature review and qualitative analysis, this article explores the existentialist qualities of loneliness, alienation and free choice shown in The Outsider. The article affirms the work's inheritance of the existentialist literary tradition, by emphasizing the meaninglessness of individual existence, the weight of free choice, and the portrayal of a dystopian world. It also delves deeply into the evolution and innovation of existentialism, with a particular focus on narrative techniques and characterization. For example, it challenges traditional morality through the protagonist Meursault's indifference and employs a minimalist style to reinforce existentialist themes and enhances the communication of existentialist ideas within the text.
Property of Quark-Gluon Plasma
Authors: Wang Zunyao , Wang Yiming
Published: October 2024

During the nascent stages of the universe's evolution, matter existed in the form of quarkgluon plasma (QGP), characterized by its presence under conditions of exceedingly high temperature andpressure. Presently, the ability to replicate the QGP state has been attained through relativistic heavy.ion collision experiments, Key indicators of QGP generation encompass the initial collision configurationwhich exerts a discernible infuence on the subsequent momentum and scattering angles of emitted hadronsThis study endeavors to recapitulate the findings of the CMS XeXe collision experiment by meticulouslyscrutinizing data stemming from PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s = 5.02 TeV. Specificallyour focus centers on an exhaustive analysis of the transverse momentum (pt), azimuthal angle (), ancpseudorapidity () of scattered particles. 'Through this comprehensive approach, we aim to corroborate theimplications drawn from the ClMS XeXe experiment, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of themechanisms underlying quark-gluon plasma creation and behavior
Role of Linear Diophantine Equations in RSA Encryption
Authors: Zhou Yi
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Diophantine equations are mathematical equations that include only integer solutions and two or more unknown variables. To illustrate, the most elementary form of Diophantine equations are linear Diophantine equations when two different one-degree monomials added up to a constant value. Such equations were given the name of the extraordinary Greek mathematician Diophantus who made great contribution to algebra and number theory. In addition, they help in defining concepts in algebraic geometry and contribute to the development of algorithms for cryptography. They work in the same way as public keys do in cryptocurrencies within blockchain technology to curb cyber threats and scams targeting public systems. They serve as a means of securing transactions on a computer network when using cryptocurrencies such as bitcoins. These encryption techniques also permit cryptographers and mathematicians to create new ideas in relation to these number systems, thus making it possible for further cryptographic techniques to be put into place.
Artificial Intelligence in Strategic Business Decisions: Enhancing Market
Competitiveness
Authors: Wang Weihan
Published: October 2024

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into strategic decision-making
is essential for enhancing market competitiveness in today's dynamic
business environment. AI technologies such as machine learning, natural
language processing (NLP), and predictive analytics optimize operations,
personalize customer experiences, and drive product innovation. Machine
learning algorithms analyze vast data to uncover patterns, aiding better
decision-making. Predictive analytics forecasts market trends and consumer
behaviors, allowing companies to anticipate demand and streamline supply
chains, reducing risks like overproduction and stockouts. NLP-powered
chatbots improve customer interactions by handling routine inquiries,
freeing human agents for complex issues, and enabling personalized
marketing. AI also accelerates product development by analyzing market data
and consumer feedback, simulating scenarios, and predicting outcomes.
Operational efficiency is enhanced through automation and optimized
workflows, saving costs and increasing productivity. Despite these benefits,
challenges such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, significant investment,
and a shift to a data-driven culture must be managed. Effective AI
integration offers significant competitive advantages, positioning companies
to leverage predictive analytics, personalized customer interactions, and
operational efficiency for growth and innovation.
Application of In-Feed Advertisements on Social Media - Taking RED as an
Example
Authors: Li Ruitong
Published: October 2024

As a new type of advertisement supported by Big Data Calculus, in-feed
advertisement is sought after by a wide range of brand merchants. The
article introduces two basic advertising of feed: basic orientation and
behavioral orientation. Basic orientation categorizes users based on region,
age, gender, and login device, while behavioral orientation tags users based
on their searches, comments, likes, and deeper engagement with bloggers.
This article studied in-feed advertisements and their impact on the process
of the RED platform, from clicking on the homepage to completing the
advertisement push. Besides, the advantages of the long exposure time of
traffic on the RED platform were listed, as well as the importance of search
behavior and high-quality content for the platform, and there were also
suggestions for search engine optimization (SEO). Finally, it is concluded
that in-feed advertising can achieve precise advertising placement and brand
promotion by leveraging the basic and behavioral characteristics data of
each user on RED, creating many classic successful cases.
The Study on the Impact of the New Third-board Firms Transfer Listing on
Financial Flexibility
Authors: Li Zhenxi
Published: October 2024

The transfer and listing of enterprises on the New Third-board is one of
the specific reform policies in the capital market in China. As the
third-board enterprises are small and medium-sized as well as start-ups,
they have a greater need for money, and the policy of restricting their
issuance and listing has seriously constrained the financing channels of
these enterprises. After the reform, third-board enterprises can apply for
transferring to the board for listing after one year of listing and meeting
the requirements of the exchange, and do not need to be approved by the
China Securities Regulatory Commission. This study wants to use a
comprehensive index to examine the financial results of this behavior.
Financial flexibility is an important indicator to measure the ability of
enterprises to raise funds, and it is appropriate to use it to test the
comprehensive effect of the behavior of enterprises. This study selects a
sample of 127 firms around 2022 and conducts a difference-in-difference
model on their transfer to public listing, obtains the conclusion that
transferring to public listing reduces the financial flexibility of firms in
the short term, and analyzes the attribution of this result from a
theoretical point of view. Finally, this study gives some suggestions for
firms that engage in such listing behavior to improve their financial
robustness.
From Algorithms to Market Dynamics: A Literature Review on High-Frequency
Trading
Authors: Pan Zhipeng
Published: October 2024

High-frequency trading (HFT) uses advanced technologies and
sophisticated algorithms to make transactions at unprecedented speeds, which
could significantly impact modern financial markets. This literature review
examines the technological foundations, primary trading strategies, market
impacts, regulatory environment, risk management practices, and future
research directions in HFT. The findings reveal that HFT could increase
market liquidity and price discovery but also increase volatility during
periods of high market stress. Regulatory frameworks such as the SECs Market
Access Rule and MiFID II aim to monitor and control HFT activities, at the
same time effective risk management practices are crucial for maintaining
market stability. Future research should focus on emerging technologies such
as AI, ML, quantum computing, and blockchain, along with a better
understanding of market structure and global regulatory coordination. This
review provides valuable insights for market participants, regulators and
researchers, contributing to a balanced perspective on HFTs role in
contemporary financial markets.
Research Progress in the Design Concept of Green Commuting Cities
Authors: Tang Zhefei
Published: October 2024

The connection between green commuting and urban design was intimately
intertwined in this study. As urbanization progressed, issues such as
population growth, housing, transportation, and the environment had become
increasingly salient. Green commuting had emerged as a vital strategy to
mitigate these challenges and enhance the quality of life for urban
residents. This paper elucidated the principles underlying green commuting,
highlighting a human-centric approach, the interconnections between public
transit, walking, and cycling as modes of travel, and the significance of
the digital city paradigm. By examining the transportation systems and urban
design methodologies, techniques, and characteristics of Vienna and
Copenhagen, the paper delineated the strengths and weaknesses in the
development of these cities. It delved into the design approaches and
philosophies in green commuting from these two cities that were exemplary
and worthy of emulation. The paper proposed potential strategies for green
and low-carbon design in future urban transportation, aiming to construct a
more ecologically sustainable urban transportation system and infuse new
dynamism into urban development.
The ECB's Solution to the Inflation Caused by the Russia-Ukraine Conflict
Authors: Huang Yiying
Published: October 2024

The Russian-Ukrainian War saw a major escalation on February 24, 2022,
when Russia invaded Ukraine, sparking the biggest battle in Europe since
World War II. In addition to negatively affecting international relations,
this lengthy conflict has had a significant negative influence on world
markets, especially those in the Eurozone. The ongoing conflict has
intensified inflationary pressures, necessitating the implementation of
strong fiscal and monetary measures by the European Central Bank (ECB). This
study analyzes the inflationary effect of the Russia-Ukraine crisis on the
economies of the Eurozone and assesses the ECB's policies using
macroeconomic models, such as the IS-PC-MR model. It explores the complex
economic fallout, which includes unstable energy supply, higher industrial
prices, and a decline in consumer confidence. The economy has stabilized
largely because of the ECB's initiatives, which have included coordinated
fiscal policies, interest rate hikes and asset purchase adjustments. Despite
these initiatives, problems still exist, such as controlling the growing
public debt and striking a balance between inflation management and economic
growth. In order to strengthen economic resilience, the conclusion
highlights the need for ongoing adaptation and international cooperation.
Investments in integrated fiscal measures, diverse supply chains, and
renewable energy are suggested as being crucial for long-term stability. The
purpose of this study is to provide insights for future economic crisis
management and to contribute to policy-making conversations.
Research on the Impact of the "Live Streaming+Short Video" Sales Model on the Purchasing Behavior of Sportswear
Authors: Lai Chien-Hung , Chen Chien-Min
Published: October 2024

The "live streaming+short video" sales model, with its intuitive, interactive, and convenient characteristics, has had a profound impact on the shopping mode of sportswear. This article aims to analyze the impact of the "live streaming+short video" sales model on the purchasing behavior of sportswear, reveal the relationship and path between various influencing factors, and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for sportswear brands to formulate more effective marketing strategies. Firstly, based on theoretical analysis, a relationship model was constructed between social influence, product information transparency, anchor credibility, promotional strategy influence, perceived trust, and purchasing behavior; Subsequently, a structural equation model was constructed based on questionnaire survey data to test the theoretical model. The empirical results show that social influence, product information transparency, anchor credibility, and promotional strategies can significantly and positively affect consumer purchasing behavior; Perceived trust plays a mediating role between the aforementioned factors and purchasing behavior. Based on empirical results, it is recommended that sportswear companies use social media for knowledge output to enhance their brand's social influence; Develop various product information disclosure plans to enhance product information transparency; Strengthen the selection of talents within the industry and cultivate professional and trustworthy anchors.
Analysis of Risk Management and Prevention Strategies in the International Operations of Enterprises
Authors: Gao Xu
Published: October 2024

With the deepening of globalization, more and more enterprises are looking towards the international market in search of broader development space. However, international operations not only bring unprecedented opportunities but also accompany various risks. This article delves into the risks enterprises may encounter in international operations, including market, political, economic, exchange rate, legal, and cultural risks, and systematically analyzes the causes, manifestations, and impacts of these risks. Through specific case analyses, this article proposes a series of practical risk management and prevention strategies aimed at helping enterprises build a more robust international operation defense line, ensuring their steady progress in the complex and volatile international market.
Application of micro and nano modifying additives in road construction materials
Authors: Tlegenov Rassul , Konkanov Marat , Jexembayeva Assel , Korniejenko Kinga
Published: October 2024

The need for stronger and more sustainable road infrastructure has stimulated research into innovative materials, including micro- and nano-additives, to improve the performance of asphalt and bitumen. This paper aims to summarize the advances in the application of these additives with a focus on improving mechanical, thermal, and environmental properties. The study provides a detailed review of traditional micro-additives such as elastomers and resins, as well as advanced nanomaterials including nano silica, nano clay, and carbon nanoparticles. Methods include analyzing experimental data from recent studies on bitumen modification with biopolymeric materials such as polylactic acid (PLA), which show an increase in molecular weight, softening point, and ductility. The main results show that the use of nano additives improves the durability of the road surface, increases its resistance to cracking, and increases the service life of the material under different climatic conditions. For example, roads modified with nano silica showed a 20-30% improvement in tensile strength and a 15% reduction in deformation. In addition, PLA bitumen modification increased the softening point by 10°C and improved the overall elasticity by 25%. These results emphasize the potential of micro- and nano-additives to create more durable, environmentally friendly, high-performance road materials.
Public Perception of the Higher Education System under the Regime of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Authors: Rashidi Khoshal
Published: October 2024

A modern, free, and dynamic higher education system is the basic and critical element of successful nation, and it can contribute to the progress and development of a country. Under both regimes of the Islamic Emirates of Afghanistan, the higher education system has undergone significant changes to align with the government’s interpretation of Islamic principles. This study is important to understand how Afghan society views the changes and policies implemented in the education sector under the current regime. The research study aims to evaluate public sentiment regarding access, quality, and inclusivity of higher education, particularly in relation to gender, curriculum changes, and ideological shifts. This paper focuses on the Taliban’s higher education system and investigates public responses to educational policies. This paper will offer recommendations to all stakeholders involved in the Afghan higher education system, aimed at improving its management and development during this crucial period. This work employs non-doctrinal and library research methodology. Non-doctrinal research examines how laws are applied and experienced in practice by collecting data through surveys, interviews, field studies, and observations. In this research study, data was collected through a questionnaire and then analyzed through SPSS. Moreover, in the library research methodology, most of the reputable and trustworthy academic sources such as textbooks, scholarly published and unpublished journal articles, law reports, and online websites related to the research area were analyzed through descriptive, explanatory, and analytical research approaches. The Afghan higher education system, established in the 1930s, has faced continuous political pressures, especially during periods of conflict like the Soviet invasion and civil war from the 1980s to 1990s. Women face major limitations in higher education, including restrictions on fields of study and exclusion from faculty positions, raising concerns about gender equality and access to education.
How can the Clean Development Mechanism contribute to better air quality?
Authors: Bakker Stefan
Published: October 2024

Air pollutants and greenhouse gases are to a large extent emitted by the same sources, notably in the industry, transport and residential sectors. However, climate change mitigation is a global issue and is mostly driven by national and international policy. Local governments are in general more interested in improving urban air quality, which is posing serious health hazards across the globe. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, helping industrialised countries to achieve their targets under the Kyoto Protocol while contributing to sustainable development in developing countries. As of January 2009 over 4000 projects are in the pipeline. The CDM could be used by local governments and the private sector to finance projects that contribute to both climate change mitigation and better air quality. However, CDM projects in particularly the transport sector face a number of barriers. We identify the most important issues for such projects, as well as the lessons learnt and some recommendations based on four case studies in Asian cities related to biofuels and bus rapid transit systems. The main conclusions is that successful implementation of CDM projects beneficial for urban air quality depends on the applicability of approved CDM methodologies, the strong cooperation between project developers and local authorities, and the availability of data.
Étude de contribution des sources de particules fines (PM2,5) en Ile-de-France
Authors: Ghersi Véronique , Rosso Amandine , Moukhtar Sophie , Lameloise Philippe , Sciare Jean , Bressi Michaël , Nicolas José , Feron Anaïs , Bonnaire Nicolas
Published: October 2024

Dans une région marquée par des dépassements chroniques des valeurs réglementaires à proximité du trafic routier et certaines années en fond au centre de l’agglomération, l’identification des sources de particules fines est indispensable à la mise en place de politiques visant à diminuer les concentrations de particules fines en Ile-de-France. AIRPARIF met en œuvre, en collaboration avec le LSCE, une vaste étude de caractérisation des particules afin d’améliorer les connaissances sur l’origine géographique et la contribution des différentes sources d’émission aux niveaux des particules mesurés en Ile-de-France. La campagne de mesure, d’une durée d’un an, a débuté le 11 septembre 2009 sur six sites répartis en Ile-de-France. Cet article décrit la méthodologie et le protocole analytique mis en œuvre dans le projet ainsi que les moyens déployés. L’étude s’appuie sur la méthodologie de Lenshow [Lenshow et al. 2001] développée sur la Ville de Berlin, qui repose sur l’hypothèse que les concentrations atmosphériques de particules mesurées en proximité du trafic routier résultent de plusieurs contributions géographiques : le fond régional, le fond urbain et l’influence locale du trafic. Des prélèvements sur filtre sont réalisés quotidiennement sur trois sites ruraux, un site périurbain, un site urbain au cœur de Paris et un site trafic parisien. L’analyse chimique de ces différents échantillons permet d’évaluer la composition chimique des particules en fonction de leur origine géographique. Les analyses chimiques, réalisées par le LSCE, portent sur la masse totale et sur les constituants majeurs des aérosols : carbone organique, carbone élémentaire, ions, métaux. Une approche multi-analytique a été mise en œuvre afin de contraindre au mieux les fractions EC, OC et POM, qui représentent près de la moitié de la masse des aérosols fins sur la région parisienne. Le levoglucosan, traceur du feu de biomasse, fait également l’objet d’une analyse. Le couplage à un inventaire des émissions pertinent selon la région géographique considérée permet de remonter à la contribution des principales sources d’émission aux échelles régionale, urbaine et trafic. Les premiers résultats d’analyse mettent en évidence la cohérence du parc instrumental d’échantillonnage et d’analyse et montrent que les techniques analytiques mises en œuvre sur ce projet permettent de documenter la quasi-totalité des fractions majeures des aérosols en Ile-de-France. Ces analyses permettront de constituer une importante base de données sur la composition chimique de l’aérosol francilien.
Identification et contribution des sources de HCNM en zone rurale
Authors: Sauvage Stéphane , Locoge Nadine , Plaisance Hervé , Coddeville Patrice , Galloo Jean-Claude
Published: October 2024

Les composés hydrocarbonés non méthaniques (HCNM) jouent un rôle prépondérant dans la chimie de l’atmosphère puisqu’ils interviennent en tant que précurseurs de la formation de polluants secondaires comme l’ozone ou les aérosols organiques secondaires. Disposant d’une base de données conséquente d’au moins cinq années de mesures systématiques de 46  HCNM sur trois sites de l’observatoire MERA (Mesure et Évaluation en zone Rurale de la pollution Atmosphérique à longue distance), le modèle sources-récepteur PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) a été appliqué pour mettre en évidence des associations inter-espèces et identifier des profils de sources à l’origine des concentrations mesurées sur les sites récepteurs. L’application de ce type de modèle sur des sites ruraux, éloignés des sources et à des espèces réactives comme les HCNM a constitué une nouvelle approche. L’hypothèse de la conservation des masses sur lequel s’appuie le modèle est discutable compte tenu de la réactivité différente des espèces. C’est pourquoi la réactivité a été prise en compte par l’ajout d’une composante d’incertitude comme données d’entrée du modèle. Une étude de sensibilité du modèle a permis de consolider les résultats obtenus par rapport aux choix méthodologiques. Cinq profils de sources communs aux trois sites ont été identifiés : les profils « chauffage résidentiel », « échappement automobile », « évaporation de carburants », « biogénique » et « sources lointaines ». Les contributions relatives de ces sources aux teneurs en HCNM sont cohérentes avec les données d’inventaire d’émissions et avec les résultats d’autres travaux. Elles font apparaître une hiérarchie différente et logique pour les trois sites. L’analyse de ces contributions par classe de rétrotrajectoires de masses d’air met en évidence les parts d’influence locale et continentale où les profils de sources urbaines contribuent davantage alors que la part d’influence océanique est dominée par le profil « sources lointaines ».
De la santé publique à la santé environnementale : le rôle des quartiers dans la production des inégalités en santé
Authors: L. Frohlich Katherine
Published: October 2024

De nombreuses études ont été menées sur les variations géographiques de mortalité et de morbidité. Elles suggèrent que ces variations peuvent provenir de différences dans les caractéristiques des individus (explication compositionnelle) ou encore de différences dans les attributs des quartiers (explication contextuelle). Nous avançons l’hypothèse que la composition et le contexte ne sont pas totalement distincts et qu’ils constituent tous deux la médiation dans la relation existant entre les individus, leur quartier et leur santé. Nous discutons de ce postulat en présentant un cadre théorique qui explique comment l’effet des quartiers « rentre dans le corps » et crée des distributions inégales de santé. Nous proposons un cadre conceptuel quant à la façon dont les individus utilisent les contraintes et les opportunités de leurs contextes de proximité pour transformer les ressources en santé. Ce cadre comporte deux composantes. La première se situe au niveau individuel : nous proposons que la santé est le résultat de la relation entre les individus et leurs environnements. Les individus utilisent, accumulent et perdent du capital. Nous suggérons que quatre types de capitaux façonnent la santé au niveau individuel : les capitaux biologique, social, culturel et économique. La deuxième composante se situe au niveau du quartier, où nous voyons cinq types d’environnements qui fournissent les ressources façonnant la santé : les environnements social, physique et institutionnel, la sociabilité et l’organisation communautaire.
Le plan national d’adaptation au changement climatique
Authors: Galliot Michel
Published: October 2024

L’adaptation au changement climatique est une nécessité, au même titre que la diminution des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Depuis 2001, l’Observatoire national sur les effets du réchauffement climatique rassemble et diffuse les informations sur les effets du changement climatique et pilote la mise en place de l’adaptation en France. Une stratégie nationale a été adoptée en 2006, survie par une analyse des impacts du changement climatique et des coûts associés qui pourraient s’élever à plusieurs milliards d’euros par an à la fin du siècle. Précédé par une vaste concertation qui a impliqué les parties prenantes du Grenelle environnement, le Plan national d’adaptation a été publié à la mi-2011. Il concerne tous les secteurs d’activité et de nombreux domaines. Il comporte plus de 80 actions concrètes qui permettront d’engager la France à s’adapter à la nouvelle donne climatique.
Enjeux, méthodes, fondamentaux de prévisibilité et prévision décennale
Authors: Cassou Christophe , Mignot Juliette
Published: October 2024

Dans le cadre du 5e exercice internationale d’intercomparaison des modèles couplés, la communauté scientifique a conduit, pour la première fois de manière coordonnée, un ensemble de simulations dit de prévision décennale. Le but de cette initiative est tout d’abord de mieux comprendre les modulations climatiques qui s’expliquent en grande partie à l’échelle de temps de 5-20 ans par la variabilité interne de l’océan, et qui se superposent aux tendances à long terme, en particulier au réchauffement d’origine anthropique. Il s’agit ensuite d’estimer la prévisibilité de ces modulations en particulier aux échelles régionales. Les prévisions décennales diffèrent des projections climatiques traditionnelles par l’étape d’initialisation des modèles en utilisant les observations directes ou leurs estimations via les réanalyses. Leur vocation est de reproduire au mieux les fluctuations observées, contrairement aux projections climatiques et simulations historiques qui ne visent qu’à estimer la réponse du système climatique aux forçages dits externes tels l’activité solaire, le volcanisme et les perturbations anthropiques. Le but de cet article est, dans un premier temps, de présenter les fondamentaux de la prévision décennale, du concept aux méthodes en passant par les difficultés et les limites, puis de donner quelques premiers résultats de prévisibilité à partir de prévisions rétrospectives sur la période 1960-2010.