bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cylindrical intensive vs. double surface LED phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Sulviatni Rini , Syuhada Khonsa Hartsu , Krissanti Hanny , Purnama Denny
Published: August 2021

Background High bilirubin levels may lead to complications such as bilirubin encephalopathy or even death. Therefore, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia patients require appropriate treatment in the form of phototherapy or exchange transfusion. With the advancement of technology, various types of phototherapy, such as the cylindrical intensive phototherapy (bilisphere) and double LED, are now available.

Objective To compare cylindrical intensive phototherapy to double surface LED phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Methods This cohort study was conducted in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia at at Syamsudin SH Hospital, Sukabumi, West Java, who were treated with either cylindrical intensive phototherapy or double surface LED phototherapy. The variables observed were subjects’ characteristics, bilirubin levels pre- and post-therapy, duration of phototherapy, length of stay, and total treatment cost. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses.

Results Of 47 neonates, the mean bilirubin levels were 19.36 mg/dL pre-therapy and 12.26 mg/dL post-therapy. Subjects’ overall mean duration of phototherapy was 24 hours, mean length of stay was 1 day, and mean cost of treatment was IDR 813,175. There was no significant difference in the bilirubin decrease between the cylindrical intensive phototherapy and double LED groups. However, there were significant differences between the cylindrical intensive phototherapy and double LED groups in duration of phototherapy (10.75 vs. 75.17 hours, respectively (P<0.000), mean length of stay (1 vs. 3.13 days, respectively (P<0.000), and total cost of treatment (IDR 598,918 vs. IDR 1,036,747, respectively P<0.000).

Conclusion While the decrease in bilirubin was not significantly different in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia patients who underwent cylindrical intensive phototherapy compared to double LED therapy, cylindrical intensive phototherapy relates to significant shorter phototherapy duration, length of stay, and total treatment cost. Hence, cylindrical intensive phototherapy phototherapy is considered to be more time-efficient and cost-efficient than double LED phototherapy.
Damage assessment of water supply networks due to seismic events using vulnerability functions
Authors: Lakusic Stjepan
Published: August 2021

The paper presents commonly used methodology for assessing damage of water supply networks after a seismic event. The methodology relies on deriving and applying so-called vulnerability function. An overview of the existing vulnerability functions is given together with parameters, primarily related to soil deformations, which are influencing the assessment. Also, a critical review of the possibility of their use is given. Finally, by using two approaches, the estimated number of damages, with associated repair costs, is given for the water supply network of the City of Petrinja after the earthquake on December 29, 2020. With a total of 3 800 new damages, it is estimated that the total repair costs are around HRK 28 million. The accuracy of these estimates should be verified after detailed collection and processing of relevant data in accordance with the given guidelines.
Perfil del egresado de la Licenciatura en Flauta de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo y su inserción laboral:
Authors: Ganem Ábrego Juan Pablo
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo analiza el perfil del egresado de la Licenciatura en Flauta de la UNCuyo y su inserción laboral. Se focaliza en la relación entre las herramientas brindadas en los planes de estudio y las exigencias de un puesto de trabajo con especificidad en el campo del título obtenido, observada desde el punto de vista de un grupo de egresados y estudiantes avanzados de la carrera. Se utilizó una metodología mixta, articulando datos cuantitativos obtenidos a través de una encuesta de preguntas cerradas, con datos cualitativos construidos a partir de entrevistas. Sumado a un relevamiento de puestos de trabajo afines, que permitió tipificar la realidad laboral actual del flautista profesional en la Argentina, se describieron las dificultades que se les presentan a los egresados para lograr una carrera deseable y sustentable en el terreno de la performance musical. Por ello, es que se llegó a la conclusión de que, en un medio caracterizado por la escasez de puestos de trabajo específicos, los egresados deben valerse de herramientas que trascienden a las ofrecidas en una formación de grado universitario.
Cambios en la práctica laboral de los profesionales de enfermería por la pandemia SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en una ciudad de Colombia
Authors: Orgulloso Bautista Claudia Alejandra , Beleño Pinedo Leisly , Méndez Vergara Rosa Isela
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Determinar los cambios en las prácticas laborales del profesional de enfermería a causa de la pandemia SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.

Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en una población de profesionales de enfermería que se encontraban laborando durante la pandemia en la ciudad de Cartagena, con una muestra total de 115 individuos a través de un muestreo de bola de nieve, a los que se les aplicó una encuesta de manera virtual, se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo.

Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada en su mayoría por mujeres con un 82,6%, en edades entre 30 a 40 años con un 42,6% y el 72,2% tenían formación de pregrado. El 92,2% de los profesionales de enfermería manifiestan que con la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 se han presentado grandes cambios en su práctica laboral con el aumento de más actividades o tareas de las que se realizaban anteriormente, con la aplicación de nuevas estrategias en la atención y cuidados de los pacientes, con una alta percepción de riesgo en su lugar de trabajo para el contagio y dificultades económicas a nivel laboral por la pandemia y no consideran cambiar de perfil laboral u ocupacional por esta situación que está pasando.

Conclusiones: la crisis sanitaria mundial actual, expone la necesidad que han tenido los profesionales de adaptar nuevas prácticas laborales y competencias a las nuevas demandas del mercado laboral.
Qualitative profile of volatile compounds by SPME in Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Phyllostachys pubescens, and Phyllostachys makinoi culms used as eating utensils
Authors: Chung Minjay , Cheng Sensung , Lin Chunya , Chang Shangtzen
Published: August 2021

Volatile compounds are released when bamboo culms are used as eating utensils. Volatile compounds of Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Phyllostachys pubescens, and P. makinoi culms were extracted using solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The bamboo culms were steamed or baked at different temperatures (100 °C and 230 °C) and durations (5 min, 30 min, and 60 min). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses showed that, regardless of heating method and duration, P. makinoi culms comprised the most species of volatile compounds, with sesquiterpenes being the major compounds. Steaming and baking D. latiflorus culms at 100 °C for 30 min yielded more volatile compounds than baking at 230 °C. Benzenoids were the chief compounds in heated D. latiflorus and P. pubescens culms, with phenylacetaldehyde being the dominant constituent. Phenylacetaldehyde has fragrances of herb, flower, and oil. Moreover, the major volatile compound cyclosativene, which gives a terpene-like aroma, was obtained when P. makinoi culms were heated for different durations. After baking at 230 °C for 30 min, the major volatile compound released from P. makinoi culm was α-muurolene (41.19%), which produces a woody aroma. After continuous baking for 60 min, DT 1, a kind of diterpene compound, increased remarkably in relative content, while the content of α-muurolene decreased notably.
Effect of the matrix-edge-forest interior gradient on the phyllostomid bats assemblage in sub-Andean forest fragments
Authors: Otálora Ardila Aída , López Arévalo Hugo Fernando
Published: August 2021

The edge effect is one of the consequences of forest fragmentation and is one of the main drivers of alteration of ecological and ecosystem processes. Trophic guilds and species of bats have shown differential responses to this phenomenon. Our goal was to describe the change in bat species richness, abundance, evenness, and species composition of trophic guilds associated with a matrix edge-forest interior gradient. Therefore, we conducted a bat sampling with 16 mist nets covering such gradient in four sub-andean forest fragments (10-50 ha). In total, we captured 566 individuals of 21 species of phyllostomid bats. Bat species richness and abundance were higher in the matrix and edge and were similar between fragments. Evenness showed the lowest values in the matrix and forest edge and was different between forest patches. Some shrub frugivorous bats were more abundant in the edge, and others were more abundant in two fragments. Species composition of canopy frugivorous bats was similar along the gradient but was significantly different between fragments. In contrast, the species composition of nectarivores was similar throughout the matrix-interior forest gradient and between patches. Our data suggest that bat responses at assemblage-level are affected by the disturbance gradient from the matrix to forest interior, even at short distances form fragment borders, and are dependent on the trophic guild.
Proporción de área usada por Ateles hybridus, Alouatta seniculus y Cebus versicolor en el Parque Nacional Natural Selva de Florencia, Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Elizalde Guerrero Angela María , Mantilla Meluk Hugo , Acosta Castañeda Amilvia , Roncancio Duque Nestor Javier
Published: August 2021

El PNN Selva de Florencia, en los Andes centrales de Colombia, es reservorio de una amplia biodiversidad entre ellas cinco especies de primates. A pesar de ser un área protegida, en su interior existen procesos de transformación antrópica, que influyen directamente en sus ecosistemas. Actualmente, no se cuenta con modelos cuantitativos que nos permitan estimar el efecto de esas transformaciones sobre las poblaciones de primates. Evaluamos la proporción de área usada (ψ), como estimativo de la abundancia de los primates Ateles hybridus, Alouatta seniculus y Cebus versicolor. Se realizaron muestreos en 31 cuadrantes de 1 km2 seleccionados al azar, donde se evaluó: i) presencia de primates; ii) presencia de humanos; así como, el porcentaje de iii) cultivos; iv) pastos; y v) cobertura natural, a partir un mapa de coberturas Corine Land Cover adaptado para Colombia a una escala 1:25 000. Los datos fueron analizados bajo abordaje bayesiano. Para A. hybridus se encontró un ψ de 0,16 y una probabilidad de detección de 0,14, disminuyendo el uso de área en bosques. Para A. seniculus, la ψ fue 0,83 y la probabilidad de detección de 0,14 disminuyendo el uso de área en cultivos. Para C. versicolor se estimó una ψ de 0,36 y una probabilidad de detección de 0,08, disminuyendo el uso de área en presencia de humanos. Los datos aquí presentados son un insumo para el diseño e implementación de un monitoreo efectivo en esta área protegida.
Linfoma extranodal nasal de células T/NK. Reporte de Caso
Authors: Ochoa Ariza Maria Fernanda , García Guevara Silvia Juliana , Jiménez Andrade Viviana Catalina , Camargo Lozada Marly Esperanza , Laguado Nieto Marlon Adrian
Published: August 2021

Introducción. El linfoma extranodal nasal de células T/natural killer (ENKL) es un linfoma no Hodgkin altamente agresivo y de etiología desconocida. Sus manifestaciones clínicas suelen ser obstrucción nasal, epistaxis y signos inflamatorios; sin embargo, el diagnóstico puede llegar a ser difícil, requiriendo histopatología e inmunohistoquímica para su detección. Como tratamiento se han propuesto radioterapia y quimioterapia, según el estadio de la enfermedad.
Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de 44 años de edad, previamente sano, quien asistió al servicio de consulta externa por cuadro clínico de 2 meses de evolución consistente en síntomas de obstrucción y secreción nasal, edema y eritema facial. Se realizó diagnóstico inicial de celulitis facial, pero dado que no hubo mejoría con el tratamiento antibiótico, el sujeto fue remitido al servicio de urgencias de una institución de mayor complejidad, donde se le practicaron imágenes complementarias que mostraron una masa en la cavidad nasal derecha; mediante análisis histopatológico se estableció que se trataba de un ENKL, por lo que se indicó radioterapia; sin embargo, a consecuencia del estadio avanzado de dicha patología, el paciente falleció.
Conclusión. El diagnóstico oportuno de ENKL es crucial para mejorar la expectativa de vida de quienes lo padecen; sin embargo, puede representar un reto clínico debido a su presentación inespecífica.
Aspectos teórico-metodológicos sobre la predicción de terremotos
Authors: Galbán Rodríguez Liber
Published: August 2021

Los terremotos son los eventos de origen geológico que más transformaciones han generado en la historia de nuestro planeta. Si bien hasta la fecha los científicos no han podido predecir o pronosticar un terremoto, el conocimiento detallado de su génesis, la aplicación constante y combinada de las distintas teorías y métodos que se han diseñado para estas tareas; así como, la aplicación de un conjunto de estudios regionales, medidas organizativas y ejecutivas gubernamentales y locales, podrían reducir las altas situaciones de riesgo que hoy existen en varios países.

En esta ocasión se realiza un recorrido por las principales aristas de estas temáticas, partiendo de su marco conceptual, se revisan algunas de las principales teorías de predicción de terremotos inventadas por el hombre hasta la fecha, de manera que los científicos y decisores a nivel internacional puedan aplicar los preceptos metodológicos expuestos a su trabajo diario.
Avance de tuberosidad tibial con heteroimplante óseo para el tratamiento de ruptura de ligamento cruzado anterior en caninos
Authors: Pérez D. M. , Martínez M. M. , Cardona J. A.
Published: August 2021

Las evaluaciones clínica y radiológica son técnicas que se emplean para el diagnóstico de ruptura de ligamento cruzado anterior (rlca) y para la evaluación posoperatoria de cirugías correctivas. Se planteó como objetivo describir los resultados posoperatorios de la técnica avance de tuberosidad tibial en caninos con rlca utilizando hueso de origen bovino conservado en glicerina al 98%. Fueron intervenidos 5 caninos con la patología y sin cambios radiológicos marcados en las columnas óseas relacionadas. El heteroimplante óseo se cortó a manera de cuña y, para determinar su tamaño, se tuvo en cuenta la medida prequirúrgica que necesitaba la rodilla para alcanzar el ángulo de avance de la cresta tibial. Seguidamente se fijó al receptor local con implantes metálicos (agujas de Kirschner y alambre ortopédico). En el posoperatorio, se evaluaron por 90 días signos clínicos como claudicación, dolor al movimiento flexión-extensión e inflamación, según la circunferencia de la rodilla, y se evaluó por 120 días el ángulo de avance tibial y la radiopacidad del heteroimplante con respecto al hueso circunvecino (tuberosidad tibial y tibia caudal). El estudio estableció que los parámetros clínicos y radiológicos tienen un efecto estadísticamente significativo; sin embargo, la evaluación del ángulo de avance tibial no tiene un efecto significativo entre el paciente y los días posquirúrgicos. Durante el periodo de evaluación el heteroimplante óseo bovino demostró ser efectivo para estabilizar una rodilla con rlca en caninos.
How Flower Power Helped Save Millions of Lives
Authors: Lucas John Luke
Published: August 2021

How the development of synthetic pyrethroids from natural pyrethrum led to new insecticides with high efficacy against the vectors of mosquito borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, Zika, elephantiasis, West Nile virus and chikungunya with opportunities for use in crop
protection an added bonus.
Introducción
Authors: Pineda-Escobar María Alejandra , Chavarro Velandia Andrés , Garmendia Mora Juan Carlos
Published: August 2021

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) se consideran como un llamado global para acabar con la pobreza, cuidar el planeta y asegurar que todo el mundo disfrute de paz y prosperidad en 2030 (Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo, 2020). Los 17 ODS son interdependientes entre si, de tal forma que los avances en el logro de uno de ellos influyen positivamente el logro de otros. Por esta naturaleza interdependiente, compleja si se quiere, el esfuerzo aislado de un solo actor no es suficiente para completar la tarea. Por el contrario, los ODS serán una fuerza transformadora hacia la sostenibilidad si tienen éxito en comprometer la política pública, los negocios, la ciencia y la sociedad civil como un todo (Pahl-Wostl, Gupta, Lebel, Schulze, & Stuart-Hill, 2015).
ALTERNATIVAS PARA COMBATIR LA POBREZA EN EL MARCO DE LOS ODS
Authors: Rios Yepes Gloria Nancy , Salamanca Olmos Marisol
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo de reflexión es analizar la relación y el aporte que tienen los negocios inclusivos y la RSE vistos desde la cadena de valor, que vinculan a la base de la pirámide en los procesos productivos, que conlleven a la creación de valor y a la innovación como aporte a la disminución de la pobreza.

 

El presente documento se centra en una revisión teórica que permite hacer una aproximación al cumplimiento del ODS1Ffin de la pobreza, a partir de la revisión conceptual de la pobreza, gestión empresarial, responsabilidad social empresarial, innovación, negocios inclusivos y cadena de valor.

 

Resulta pertinente vincular la base de la pirámide a las cadenas de valor ya que se ofertan como una ventaja competitiva, en ese sentido, se analiza cómo contribuir a la disminución de la pobreza trabajando con la base de la pirámide donde el Estado, empresas privadas y la sociedad en conjunto sean incluyentes y orienten esfuerzos para combatirla desde la gestión empresarial. Las cadenas de valor facilitan que las empresas sean más incluyentes y sostenibles de forma que pueden contribuir a mejorar las condiciones de vida de la sociedad.

 

Este análisis se contrasta con los avances que en esta materia ha alcanzado América Latina, de manera que se pueda identificar si las cadenas de valor y la responsabilidad social han logrado contribuir con la disminución de la pobreza, esto con el propósito de avanzar en su estudio y se sugiere una fase práctica donde se puedan validar
Delphi Tekniği Kullanılarak Kritik ve Öncelikli Öğrenme Analitiği Göstergelerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ATASOY Bilal , GÜYER Tolga , ÜNAL Mertcan , YÜKSEL Akça Okan , AYDOĞDU Şeyhmus
Published: August 2021

Öğrenme analitikleri eğitim ortamlarının ve paydaşlarının objektif ölçümlerle anlaşılabilmesine imkân sağlaması, bu ortamlarda yaşanan sorunlara çözüm sunması ve bu ortamların daha verimli hale getirilmesine yönelik yeni yaklaşımlar sunması nedeniyle üzerine dikkatleri çeken bir konu haline gelmiştir. Öğrenme analitiği göstergeleri ise, henüz öğrenme problemleri ile ilişkilendirilmemiş, ancak e-öğrenme ortamlarında kullanılabilecek türde analitiklerdir. Bir bakıma öğrenme analitiği adaylarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı gelişim aşamasında görülen öğrenme analitiklerinin temellerine değinmenin yanı sıra, araştırmacı ve uygulamacılara e-öğrenme ortamlarında kullanabilecekleri öğrenme analitiği göstergelerine ilişkin bir liste sunmaktır. Çalışmada, alanyazın taramasından elde edilen göstergelerin yanı sıra Delphi tekniği kullanılarak uzmanların fikir birliğine vardıkları göstergelere de ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma için geliştirilen çevrimiçi platform aracılığıyla yürütülen Delphi panelleri yaklaşık 1 yıl sürmüş, 22 uzman ile başlayan süreç 11 uzman ile 4 tur sonunda tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmada demografik, betimsel ve algoritmik üst başlıklarında toplam 41 maddeden oluşan öğrenme analitiği göstergesine ulaşılmıştır. Bu listenin gerek öğrenme analitiklerini kullanarak öğrenme ortamlarında nesnel kararlar almaya çalışan uygulayıcılara gerekse de öğrenme analitiği ile ilgili konularda çalışmayı düşünen araştırmacılara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Araştırmaya Dayalı Öğrenme Yaklaşımı Modellerinden Rehberli Keşfetme Modelinin Görme Yetersizliği Olan Öğrencilerin Fene ilişkin Tutumlarına Etkisi
Authors: KARAKOÇ Tamer , ATAMAN Ayşegül
Published: August 2021

Araştırmanın genel amacı; ilköğretim 4. ve 5. sınıf Fen Bilimleri dersinde araştırmaya dayalı öğrenme yaklaşımı modellerinden rehberli keşfetme modeli ile geleneksel öğretim yaklaşımına göre işlenen dersin, görme yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin fen dersine ilişkin tutumları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada deneysel araştırma desenlerinden çok denekli desenlerin içinde yer alan yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni Ankara ili Altındağ ilçesinde bulunan görme engelliler ilköğretim okulu, örneklemi ise deney grubunda (N=20) ve kontrol grubunda bulunan (N=19) toplam 39 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada, öğrencilerin fene ilişkin tutumlarını ölçmek için Geban, Ertepınar, Yılmaz, Altın ve Şahbaz (1994) tarafından hazırlanan "Fen Bilgisi Tutum Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre; araştırmaya dayalı öğrenme yaklaşımının kullanıldığı deney grubundaki öğrencilerin fene ilişkin tutumları, kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık göstermiştir. Deney grubundaki öğrencilerin cinsiyetlerine, sınıf düzeylerine ve görme düzeylerine fen dersine ilişkin tutumları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Sonuç olarak araştırmaya dayalı öğrenme yaklaşımının görme yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin fen dersine ilişkin tutumlarını geliştirmede geleneksel öğretim yaklaşımına göre daha etkili olduğu söylenebilir.
Görsel ve İşitsel Sanatlar Eğitimi Etkileşiminin Öğretmen Adaylarının Yaratıcı Düşünme Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: AHMETZADE Elnara , ERDAMAR Gürcü
Published: August 2021

Araştırmanın amacı, görsel ve işitsel sanatlar eğitimi etkileşiminin öğretmen adaylarının yaratıcı düşünme düzeylerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, karma yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel boyutta öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu seçkisiz deneysel desenden, nitel boyutta ise olgubilim deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu Eğitim Fakültesi Resim-İş Eğitimi ve Müzik Eğitimi öğretmen adaylarından oluşmuştur. Torrance Yaratıcı Düşünce Testi A Formu öntest, B Formu sontest olarak uygulanmıştır. Deney sürecinde Resim-İş Eğitimi deney grubuna müzik eğitimi, Müzik Eğitimi deney grubuna görsel sanat eğitimi verilmiştir. Uygulamadan sonra deney grubu öğrencileriyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol gruplarının öntest-sontest erişi farkını karşılaştırmak için Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Resim-İş Eğitimi ve Müzik Eğitimi deney gruplarının yaratıcı düşünce düzeylerinde kontrol gruplarına göre önemli gelişmeler tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adayları farklı bir sanat alanında eğitim almaya yönelik olumlu görüşler sunmuşlardır.
Pre-service science teachers’ processes of establishing simple electric circuits
Authors: ÜNAL Cezmi
Published: August 2021

The aim of this research is to identify pre-service science teachers’ experiences during the simple electrical circuit establishment process, points they were challenged with, and developed strategies they used against the challenges they were experimenting with this process. In this study, embedded single case study, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The case was two weeks of tertiary level Physics Laboratory-2 course, each lasted 1, 5 hours long. 16 female freshman students participated in the study voluntarily. In the laboratory, the students performed their experiments in four groups. The laboratory environment was recorded with one camera, and each group had one audio recorder. The video recordings and sound recordings were then synchronized and evaluated together, descriptive analysis was conducted. In the first week, necessary experimental materials were explained in detail and students made serial and parallel circuits with two resistances, measurements with ammeter and voltmeter. In the second week, students were required to set up different circuits which can be done with 3 resistors, and to make current and potential difference measurements in these circuits. The results of this research were presented with three main headings. First, the students’ processes of establishing simple electrical circuits were described by emphasizing the differences among the groups. Later, students’ difficulties in the process of establishing simple electrical circuits were identified. Finally, examples were given on the strategies of the students to solve the difficulties they were experiencing. It was concluded that systematic procedural techniques like following circuit diagrams or repeated comparisons of diagrams with the circuit may provide productive habits to reduce errors in the process of establishing simple electric circuits.
Examining the Effects of Movement Activities of Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) Program on Locomotor and Manipulative Skills of 4-5 Years Old Children
Authors: KILIÇ Zeynep , UYANIK Gülden , ÇAĞLAK SARI Saime
Published: August 2021

The main objective of the research is to examine the impact of regular implementation of Education Program made of CATCH Program Movement Activities on the locomotor and manipulative skills of preschool children. Implementation of Education Program made of CATCH Program Movement Activities was carried out in an independent preschool located in Kadıköy District in Anatolian Side of İstanbul Province, Turkey. Purposeful sampling method was used to determine the school where the experimental designed study will be conducted. The study group of the research consists of 64 children, 32 in experiment group and 32 in control group. To determine the efficiency of Education Program made of CATCH Program Movement Activities, education program was implemented with experiment groups for two days a week during 9 weeks. According to the results of pre-test and post-test measurements of experiment and control groups, no significant difference was determined between the locomotor subdimension, manipulative subdimension of the measurement instrument and measurement instrument total scores in pre-test measurements of the children (p>.05). According to the analysis results of post-test measurements following movement program, it was determined that there is a significant difference in locomotor subdimension, manipulative subdimension of the measurement instrument and measurement instrument total scores of both 4 and 5 years old children in favour of the experiment group (p<.05).
Configural analysis of oscillating progression
Authors: Von Eye Alexander , Wiedermann Wolfgang , Von Weber Stefan
Published: August 2021

Oscillating series of scores can be approximated with locally optimized smoothing functions. In this article, we describe how such series can be approximated with locally estimated (loess) smoothing, and how Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA) can be used to evaluate and interpret results. Loess functions are often hard to describe because they cannot be represented by just one function that has interpretable parameters. In this article, we suggest that specification of the CFA base model be based on the width of the window that is used for local curve optimization, the weight given to data points in the neighborhood of the approximated one, and by the function that is used to locally approximate observed data. CFA types indicate that more cases were found than expected from the local optimization model. CFA antitypes indicate that fewer cases were found. In a real-world data example, the development of Covid-19 diagnoses in France is analyzed for the beginning period of the pandemic.
Transforming Worker–Client Identities: From Shelters to Housing First
Authors: Hansen Löfstrand Cecilia , Juhila Kirsi
Published: August 2021

The Housing First (HF) approach to counteracting homelessness, stemming from the USA, is advocated as a blueprint for homelessness policy change in Europe, including the Nordic countries. In contrast to traditional homelessness policies based on shelters as the first step towards ending homelessness, the HF policy discourse regards access to one’s own housing as a basic human right that should not be conditional upon good or acceptable behaviour. Building on ethnographic research in a Swedish HF unit striving to implement the HF approach ‘by the book,’ which includes both focus group interviews with workers and observations of worker–client interactions during home visits, we show how the new HF policy challenges both workers and clients, who used to encounter each other in shelters but now meet in clients’ own homes, transforming their identities. We demonstrate how workers account for transformations in worker–client identities by referring to how they and their clients used to think, talk and act, thus contrasting their new identities with their former selves. Moreover, in their efforts to accomplish their actual work tasks within the framework of the new HF policy discourse in the homes of formerly homeless clients, we show how workers struggle with their identities when they encounter clients in practice. In their accounts of policy change, the workers embraced their new identities with pleasure, but in practice, they were hesitant when dealing with issues of concern, such as their clients’ use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs. In sum, it becomes complicated in practice.
Estimation of the Inverse Weibull Distribution Parameters under Type-I Hybrid Censoring
Authors: Kazemi Mohammad , Azizpoor Mina
Published: August 2021

The hybrid censoring is a mixture of type-I and type-II censoring schemes. This paper presents the statistical inferences of the inverse Weibull distribution parameters when the data are type-I hybrid censored. First, we consider the maximum likelihood estimates of the unknown parameters. It is observed that the maximum likelihood estimates can not be obtained in closed form. We further obtain the Bayes estimates and the corresponding highest posterior density credible intervals of the unknown parameters under the assumption of independent gamma priors using the importance sampling procedure. We also compute the approximate Bayes estimates using Lindley's approximation technique. The performance of the Bayes estimates have been compared with maximum likelihood estimates through the Monte Carlo Markov chain techniques. Finally, a real data set have been analysed for illustration purpose.
Oral motor problems – what you may recommend your little patients
Authors: Limbrock Johannes
Published: August 2021

Babies and infants getting osteophatic therapies may show oral functional disorders, such as insufficient sucking, problems with mashed, semisolid or solid food, up to choking (dysphagia); open mouth, tongue protrusion, drooling. This article highlights medical contexts (muscle hypotonia, hypertonia/spasticity) and explains indications to a more specific therapy: such as the Castillo Morales®- Conzept .
What did we learn after the 2020 pandemic? Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a North region of Portugal during 3rd lockdown
Authors: Carvalho Paula M. , Soares Sandra C. , Castro Ana R.
Published: August 2021

Background: Serological studies of antibody prevalence in response to infection with the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are useful to monitor the epidemic progression of the disease and to evaluate infection rates. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and IgG) in a Portuguese sub-district, during National lockdown - January-March 2021.Methods: In the seroepidemiological survey participants were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and IgG), in blood samples. The estimated seroprevalence and results were stratified by age, gender, education, occupational exposure, symptoms and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.Results: Seroprevalence was 41.3%, (15.7% IgG positive, 11.6% IgM positive and 14% positive for both). The majority (74%) of the participants were working presentially and did the serological assay because they had either symptoms / positive contact (90%) or had a previous positive antigen test (36%). From all the seropositive cases only 44% were symptomatic. Our results show that seroprevalence of SARS -CoV-2 is high in the North, in parallel with the National Surveillance System. Seroprevalence was higher in woman than man and in adults older than 21. Almost all the people with symptoms or a positive contact had a positive test and were working at their regular places of work reflecting the danger of occupational exposure. Conclusions: These results suggest that, between January and March 2021, the restriction conditions were effective but unable to stop SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. It is essential to assess SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence to monitor population immunity and if it lasts, specially from new COVID 19 variants.
Abdominal obesity as a risk factor for stroke in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Onwuegbuzie Gerald A. , Alabi Peter , Abdulai Fatima
Published: August 2021

Background: Obesity in Africa has remained a public health concern, which is been fueled by urbanization and its attendant lifestyle changes which includes less energy demanding jobs, sedentary lifestyle and adopting detrimental western eating habits. There are well established risk factors for stroke, however the association of obesity with that of stroke is less clear.Methods: This study was designed to determine whether abdominal obesity is independently associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke. It is a case control study of 113 patients in which structured questionnaire was administered to consecutive patients admitted into the medical wards. The controls were matched for age and sex from a database with participants of the population-based cohort study. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SAS software (SAS Institute) 9.4.Results: In the study 85% of the patients had hypertension, 50.5% had hypercholesterolemia and 33.6% had diabetes. The BMI was normal for most of the cases (23.3% vs. 76.7% p<0.0001) while the WHR was increased for most of the cases (70.9% vs. 29.1% p<0.0001). The statistical significance shows that WHR was more sensitive in assessing obesity than BMI. The logistic regression analysis, in model 1 unadjusted and model 2 adjusted for sex and age, BMI showed a positive association with risk of stroke (OR 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.17; p=0.002) this association lost its significance in model 3 after adjusting for diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.13; p=0.3751). The results of logistic regression analysis for WHR for model 1, model 2 and model 3 did not show any significance before and after adjustment.Conclusions: Abdominal obesity may increase the risk of ischemic stroke through conventional vascular risk factors, but not as an independent risk factor.
Epidemiology of mammal bite injuries: 5 year review of a level II regional referral hospital in Mexico city
Authors: Mendoza Velez Maria de los Angeles , Mendez Hirosi Sashida , Viana Erik Hanson , Rendon Medina Marco Aurelio , Lopez Ricardo Pacheco , Vazquez Morales Hecly Lya , Quintana Erika Barlandas
Published: August 2021

Background: Animal bites are a common cause of primary care and emergency department attention worldwide. However, the incidence of this pathology among Mexican population is not well known. Plastic surgeons are at the forefront of initial attention and final outcome of these destructive wounds in our country. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of animal bites over a 5 year period at a level II general hospital in Mexico city. Objective of current study was to determine the incidence of animal bites in hospital “Rubén Leñero” in Mexico city over a 5-year periodMethods: Retrospective study; records of emergency room of all adult patients who sustained animal bites between January 2016 to December 2020 were collected. Details about age, gender, and location of the injuries were recorded and analyzed.Results: From a total of 277 cases, 273 were dog bites (98.56%) and 4 cat bites (1.44%), 173 males (62.45%) and 104 females (37.55%) were affected. The two most injured places in the human body were the hand with 98 cases (35.37%), followed by the lips in 45 cases (16.25%).Conclusions: Animal bites are a frequent injury in the primary care unit, representing a health issue in our country. Proper patient evaluation and treatments are essential to prevent further complications and subsequent infections. Further investigation will be required to establish risk factors for this pathology.
Aerobic bacterial pathogens in burn wound infections: experience in a teaching institution
Authors: Thomas Bonnie J. , Arora Balvinder Singh , Arora Savita
Published: August 2021

Background: Infections are a serious cause of burn mortality and morbidity. Post initial resuscitation burn wound infections account for 75% of burn mortality. With rising number of multidrug resistant pathogens and changing microbiological colonizers of the burn wound, the insight provided by documenting the pathogens will help streamline the management. The aim of our study was to isolate, identify and study the profiles of aerobic bacteria in patients with burn wound infections.Methods: This was a hospital based observational study carried out in the department of microbiology and department of burns and plastics, Safdarjung hospital after obtaining hospital ethical committee approval. Day 1, day 3, day 5 and day 10 swabs from burn sites were taken and processed after taking proper aseptic precautions from a total of 100 patients.Results: Most of the aerobic isolates were gram negative in nature with K.pneumoniae (27.43%) being the most common followed by P. aeruginosa (22.12%), S. aureus (14.15%), P. mirabilis (10.61%), Acinetobacter spp (10.17%), CoNS (8.40%), E. coli (3.53%), P. stuartii (1.32%), Enterobacter spp (1.32%), K. oxytoca (0.44%) and C. koseri (0.44%).Conclusions: We concluded the study recognizing K. pneumoniae as the most common isolate that cause burn wound infections. Further studies which include anaerobic isolates are required for identifying full range of organism profile of burn wound infections.
A community-based knowledge, attitude and practices study of Accredited Social Health Activist functionaries in active case detection of Leprosy in Sitapur district of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Chaubey Jaideep Kumar , Neyaz Arslan , Ahmed Malik S. , Kumar Virendra , Nayak Kripashankar
Published: August 2021

Background: Leprosy was eliminated at the global level in the year 2000. But regional disparities still exist. Some countries have not attained the elimination status and still reporting a good number of cases. The major burden of new cases was from India, Brazil and Indonesia. Early case detection and treatment is the key to achieve elimination. ASHA workers are involved in this campaign to make it successful. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of ASHA functionaries regarding leprosy disease and to analyze the field practices of ASHA functionaries during LCDC activity.Methods: The present study was a community based observational study which was conducted at field practice area of RHTC, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences from 6 November to 19 November 2017. All ASHA functionaries were interviewed using preformed semi-structured questionnaire. Data were stored in Microsoft excel XP and analyzed.Results: None (0%) of ASHA functionaries correctly knew the exact cause of leprosy. Only 10.2% knew mode of transmission, 89.8% knew sign and symptoms, 28.6% knew complications, 12.2% knew prevention of complications, only 10.2% knew exact meaning of MDT. Only 63.3% ASHAs had prior information about orientation training. Out of these only 26.5% completed the practical exercises. Local community remained uninformed about LCDC activity as IEC activities were very poor in all of the centers.Conclusions: In India ASHA workers are the main health functionaries for LCDC activity and in this study, we found that quality of orientation training was substandard as compared to GOI guidelines. So, every effort should be given to make orientation training successful.
Self-esteem and wellbeing among tribal and non-tribal adolescent girls
Authors: Ranjan Lokesh Kumar , Gupta Pramod R. , Gujar Nilesh Maruti
Published: August 2021

Background: Adolescent period reports experiences of changes in physical, mental and social functions. Self-esteem has a significant contribution to wellbeing and depression in adolescent. The aim and objective was to evaluate self-esteem and wellbeing among adolescent girls with tribal and non-tribal ethnicity.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in which 2 schools and 1 institute selected using purposive sampling. The total enumeration method of random sampling was obtained to select participants. Total of 360 adolescent girls (180 each tribal and non-tribal adolescent girls) were selected for the study. Socio-demographic datasheet, adolescent wellbeing scale and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used for the assessment.Results: The adolescent girls with tribal ethnicity found to have low self-esteem and wellbeing (depressive) compared to adolescent girls with non-tribal ethnicity. 33.9% of tribal adolescent girls and 13.3% of non-tribal adolescent girls found in depressive dimension.Conclusions: The deliberate efforts to build self-esteem and wellbeing among tribal adolescent girls can help to promote their mental health. The mental health promotion and wellness programs specific to ethnicity and culture requires to uphold the wellbeing of the adolescent girls with tribal ethnicity.
A comparative analysis of conventional smear and sure path liquid-based cytology with cell block preparation
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Saini Tapasya , Devi Pinki , Kataria Sant Prakash , Nanda Smiti , Singh Sunita
Published: August 2021

Background: Cervical cancer is ranked as the most frequent cancer in women in India. Conventional papanicolaou smear has been the mainstay of cervical cancer screening since the 1960s. As an alternative liquid-based cytology (LBC) was introduced in the mid-1990s, which are found to increase cytologic detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions and a reduction in the number of unsatisfactory pap tests.Present study aims at comparison of liquid-based cytology with conventional cytology in detecting uterine cervical intraepithelial lesions.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of pathology in collaboration with the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak including 100 non-pregnant female patients coming in the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology. Both liquid based and conventional pap smears were examined under the microscope and reported according to the 2001 Bethesda system. Cell blocks were prepared sin all the cases from the residual material of LBC.Results: Median age was 42 years. More inadequate smears were reported on CS (17%) as compared to LBC (11%). In both, maximum number of cases reported were inflammatory. Equal number of cases were reported as SCC (n=4) in both.Conclusions: Liquid based cytology has been developed to address the sampling problems of conventional Pap smear. But because of the increased cost of LBC in terms of capital investment, operation and disposables, developing countries should carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks of LBC before adopting this new technology.
Ki67 Protein expression and correlation with the histological grade and pTNM stage of colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Bhattacharya Indroneel , Barman Neepamanjari , Sarkar Ranu
Published: August 2021

: Colorectal cancer, is third most frequently encountered malignancy worldwide. Histological grade, stage, and proliferative index act as vital prognostic markers, playing a decisive role in patient care and prognosis. While histopathological examination can determine grade and stage, Ki67 protein expression by immunohistochemistry represents the proliferative capacity of the malignant cell population.

: This Study was conducted to immunohistochemically analyze expression of Ki67 protein and its change with respect to different grades and stage of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

: A total of 66 histologically diagnosed cases of colorectal carcinoma underwent histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry for Ki67 protein.

: A statistically significant (p=0.04) correlation was obtained between Ki67 labelling index and histopathological grade, with higher values of Ki67 labelling index in poorly differentiated carcinomas (43.2±1.7). The Ki67 labelling index value was lowest in stage IV disease (11.4±2.4) with metastatic burden, with higher values in lower stage diseases, however this correlation was not found to be significant statistically (p=0.07).

: The rate of cell division and proliferation measured by Ki-67 antibody is related to histological grade of the malignancy, demonstrating higher mitotic activity with loss of differentiation and anaplasia. Stage IV disease have lower mitotic activity, thus may be less amenable to cytostatic chemotherapy drugs, and require multimodality treatment with addition of radiotherapy and other drug regimes.
Ultrasonography based imaging criterion to ascertain pancreatic enlargement in pediatric acute pancreatitis
Authors: Raut Dhanraj S , Desai Shubhangi A , Raje Dhananjay V , Singh Dinesh , Dandge Vithalrao P
Published: August 2021

Imaging studies have shown enlargement of pancreatic parts in children diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The purpose here is to develop imaging based diagnostic evaluation criterion for acute pancreatitis in children.

This study included 62 children of acute pancreatitis in the age range of 0.33 to 13 years, as reported in a single hospital center (1994-2019). A study was planned including 1116 normal healthy children in the age range of 0.16 to 18 years for pancreatic evaluation during 2016-17. Ultrasonography based measurement of three pancreatic parts were obtained for each individual in disease and normal groups. Age-adjusted receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was performed on each pancreatic part independently to derive respective cut-offs using a training set. These cut-offs were further referred to dichotomize the measurement data for each individual and was subjected to multiple logistic regression with presence/absence of acute pancreatitis as dependent variable. A probability score and accordingly the cut-off were obtained indicating a collective impression of enlargement of pancreas in disease condition independently for males and females.

On test data, the accuracy of age-adjusted cut-offs for three parts was near 80% for males, while it ranged between 81-85% for females. ROC analysis of probability score resulted into threshold value of 0.024 for males and 0.044 for females, with sensitivity of 94.11% and 90.91% respectively. The classification accuracy of score derived for males and females was nearly same (83%).

The extent of enlargement of pancreas in acute pancreatitis in children can be determined using the MLR method along with hypoechogenicity.