bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients' perspective of one-stop breast clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Adegboyega Bolanle C. , Irurhe Kayode N. , Yakubu Caleb , Bashir Adebola M. , Ogunyemi Adedoyin O. , Alabi Adewumi O. , LUTH One Stop Breast Clinic Team Members
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

The complex nature of cancer diagnosis and treatment, with the pressing need for individualized patient care, has led to the services being organized into multidisciplinary teams (MDTs), also called tumor boards or cancer conferences. MDTs are beneficial as they provide coordinated, consistent, expert-driven, and cost-effective care that is delivered in a timely fashion to the patient. This study is aimed to assess the level of impact of a one-stop breast clinic on the management of breast cancer among breast cancer patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH).

Methodology:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among patients who attended the MDT breast clinic on referral from within and outside Lagos University Teaching Hospital LUTH.

Results:

The mean age ± standard deviation of the respondents was of 33.4 ± 7.62 years. More than half of the respondents (66%) felt satisfied about the workings of the MDT clinic, with less than a quarter of respondents reporting that were very satisfied with the clinic. Almost all the respondents (90%) were of the view that it allowed for a more expert opinion. Problems faced by the clinic in the MDT Clinic included filled up booking times (6%) and not taking enough time to attend to patients (2% each).

Conclusion:

The study revealed a good level of satisfaction among respondents about the MDT clinic; however, reservation on issues such as booking time, better patient to doctor relationship, and availability of more doctors were still of concern to patients. Addressing these issues are vital in achieving an all-round great experience in the multidisciplinary setting.
Effect of topical xylocaine for pain relief during hysterosalpingography among infertile women in Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Yahya Anisah , Bello Nafisa , Umaru-Sule Hajara , Umar Aminatu Makari , Muhammad Halima Mono , Ibinaiye Philip Oluleke
Published: April 2021

Background/Aim:

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a radiological procedure that is used to assess the patency of the female genital tract. It is a routine procedure for evaluating female factor infertility in our environment where the incidence of tubal factor infertility is high. It is associated with varying degrees of discomfort and pain. The study aimed at comparing the efficacy of topical analgesia to a placebo for providing pain relief in women undergoing HSG as workup for infertility.

Subjects and Methods:

The study was a double-blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial of 117 infertile women who had HSG at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, from February to December 2019. The intervention group (n = 59) and the control (n = 58) had 15 ml of 2% xylocaine gel and 15 ml of K-Y jelly (placebo) applied directly on their uterine cervical lip, respectively. The primary outcome measure was the mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain perception on each group during HSG at the point of cervical manipulation and uterine filling with contrast.

Results:

The mean VAS scores for pain perception in the xylocaine group during cervical manipulation and uterine filling were 2.3 (0.24) and 3.5 (0.35), respectively, while the scores for the placebo group during cervical manipulation and uterine filling were 7.1 (1.8) and 5.5 (0.32), respectively. The observed difference was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:

During HSG of infertile women in Zaria, Nigeria, the use of topical xylocaine on the uterine cervix was associated with decreased pain perception during cervical manipulation and uterine filling with contrast when compared to placebo.

“Trial registry: http://Www.clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier NCT03802032.”
Vector bundles over multipullback quantum complex projective spaces
Authors: Sheu Albert Jeu-Liang
Published: April 2021

We work on the classification of isomorphism classes of finitely generated projective modules over the C*-algebras

C(\mathbb{P}^{n}(\mathcal{T}))

and

C(\mathbb{S}_{H}^{2n+1})

of the quantum complex projective spaces

\mathbb{P}^{n}(\mathcal{T})

and the quantum spheres

\mathbb{S}_{H}^{2n+1}

, and the quantum line bundles

L_{k}

over

\mathbb{P}^{n}(\mathcal{T})

, studied by Hajac and collaborators. Motivated by the groupoid approach of Curto, Muhly, and Renault to the study of C*-algebraic structure, we analyze

C(\mathbb{P}^{n}(\mathcal{T}))

,

C(\mathbb{S}_{H}^{2n+1})

, and

L_{k}

in the context of groupoid C*-algebras, and then apply Rieffel's stable rank results to show that all finitely generated projective modules over

C(\mathbb{S}_{H}^{2n+1})

of rank higher than

\lfloor \frac{n}{2}\rfloor+3

are free modules. Furthermore, besides identifying a large portion of the positive cone of the

K_{0}

-group of

C(\mathbb{P}^{n}(\mathcal{T}))

, we also explicitly identify

L_{k}

with concrete representative elementary projections over

C(\mathbb{P}^{n}(\mathcal{T}))

.
Assessment of the effects of temperature on the development of hide beetle (Dermestes maculatus De Geer 1774)
Authors: Bala Z.M. , Majeed Q , Kawo A.H.
Published: April 2021

The present work was carried out to determine the effect of two temperatures (270C and 350C) on the development of hide beetle (Dermestes maculatus De Geer 1774). This research was carried out at the Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, 2015. The samples of hide beetle were collected along with the infested dried fish from a local market in Sokoto metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria. The adult hide beetles were identified based on morphological features using standard taxonomic key and mother culture was maintained at ambient temperature and humidity. Eggs viability of 92.6% with 6 larval instars and 82.1 mean pupal survival at 270C was recorded. This was in comparison with 91.7% eggs viability, 8 larval instars and mean pupal survival of 86.7% at 35C. The results showed significant difference for eggs (tcal of 4.4, ttab 2.78 at 5% degree confidence level) larvae (tcal of 6.8, ttab at 2.45 at 5% degree confidence level) and pupae (tcal of 7.44 as against ttab of 2.36).Keywords: Assessment, Development, Effect, Hide Beetle, Sokoto, Temperature
Progress in DNA sequencing
Authors: Bamanga R.A. , Ja’afar J.N. , Gali A.I.
Published: April 2021

The first human genome sequence took about a decade to complete and cost more than two billion dollars. This shows the major limitations of time and cost, and the development of recent technologies for DNA sequencing ultimately aimed at reducing these two factors. The major milestone of the HGP was the sequencing of the first billionth base out of the three billion base pair human genome. However, depending on the platform used in sequencing, the cost has drastically plummeted to about five thousand dollars and this is the work of a single day. The ultimate target of the HGP is to reach a one thousand dollar price mark to sequencing an entire human genome with the highest throughput, and this is slowly but steadily approaching, thanks to the refinements of existing methods, which are reducing the cost per base by the day. This review looks at the advancement of the DNA sequencing methods from the standard Sanger method, through to those applied in today’s research and also focuses on the technologies that have evolved throughout the past three decades with a possible comparison between them and finally a look at some of the limitations of these technologies.Keywords: Human genome project, DNA sequencing, Sanger method
Bioactive effect of Jatropha curcas L. leaf product on Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) infesting stored bambara nut, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt
Authors: Dattijo S.A. , Ahmed B.I. , Adebitan S.A. , Gurama U.A. , Bichi B.I.
Published: April 2021

The research was conducted in the year 2016 at the Entomology laboratory of the Department of Crop Protection, Bayero University Kano to assessed the bioactive effect of physic nut, Jatropha curcas L. leaf powder on Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) infesting stored bambara nut, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt. The study was also aimed at comparing the effectiveness of the leaf powder with conventional chemical insecticide (pirimiphos-methyl). In a 2×2 factorial experiment, the leaf powder and pirimiphos-methyl were admixed with bambara nut seeds. The first factor (leaves) had two (2) levels (0.0 and 0.5 g/20 g seed) while the second factor (pirimipos-methyl) also had two levels, with and without the standard rate of application (0.00 and 0.01 g/20 g). These were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design and repeated three times. Results showed fumigant, repellant and contact effects were best exhibited in seeds treated with the leaf powder admixed at the rate of 0.5g, but was not significantly different from seeds treated with pirimiphos- methyl. In conclusion, appreciable level of protection on bambara nut seeds was achieved using the leaf powder of J. curcas applied at 0.5 g/20 g bambara nut seeds during storage.Keywords: Bioactive, Callosobruchus subinnotatus, bambara nut, Jatropha, fumugant
Optimization of mechanical properties of chitosan/phenol formaldehyde composite
Authors: Iliasu G.B. , Kogo A.A. , Yakubu M.K.
Published: April 2021

The Frechet distribution which has a scale and shape parameters, has been found to have wide application in modelling extreme events such as radioactive emission, flood, rainfall, seismic analysis, wind speed, etc. In this research paper, the Bayesian analysis of scale parameter of Frechet distribution was considered. It is necessary to know the best combination of prior distribution and loss function for the parameter estimation. Posterior distribution was derived by uniform and Jeffrey’s prior under the square error, Precautionary, Quadratic and Weighted balance loss function. Bayes estimation and their corresponding risk was obtained by the above stated priors and loss function. Monte Carlo simulations was conducted to compare the performance of the estimators. It is evident that weighted balance loss function when used with uniform prior provides the least posterior risk.Keywords: Frechet Distribution, Non-Informative Prior, Bayesian Estimation, Loss Functions, Monte Carlo Simulations
Of ‘prostitutes’ and ‘AIDS people’: Feminization of HIV and AIDS in South-eastern Ghana
Authors: Drah Bright B.
Published: April 2021

In sub-Saharan Africa, more women than men live with HIV and women bear the largest proportion of the burden of care that is due to the epidemic. Only a few studies have documented the precise details of how women in countries with low HIV prevalence became the worst affected by the epidemic. In Ghana, the historical factors that account for high HIV infections among women and the emergence of women-led community-based HIV interventions have been less researched. This paper examines the historical (political-economic), cultural and personal factors that account for the high HIV prevalence in Manya Klo, the area worst impacted by HIV in Ghana. The paper presents the social history of the pandemic in Manya Klo and explains why Klo women are considered to be the sources of HIV in Ghana. It suggests that concentrating interventions on women helps to reduce the impact of HIV and inform national interventions. Women-focused interventions may, however, alienate other groups that can contribute to improving the lives of families affected by HIV. Therefore, women-focused interventions must be planned in a manner that engages multiple stakeholders.Keywords: Manya Krobo, queen mothers, female migration, female sex work, orphans and vulnerable children, community-based HIV initiatives
The Semantic Values of AÐE and LA in Ewe
Authors: Thompson Rachel
Published: April 2021

Aɖe and la have multiple functions which are often realized by the position they occupy in various syntactic environments in Ewe, a Kwa language. Aɖe can function as an indefinite marker, a partitive marker or an indefinite pronoun. La can function as a definite marker, an agentive suffix, or a terminal particle. As a terminal particle, la occurs at the end of preposed adverbial phrases and nominal phrases, embedded relative clauses which are postposed to the nominal heads, and other dependent clauses in Ewe constructions. Using the Givenness Hierarchy, this study argues that regardless of the different syntactic environments in which these particles occur, each of them has a univocal value semantically: the use of aɖe and la encode the cognitive statuses ‘referential’ and ‘uniquely identifiable’ respectively in Ewe.Keywords: Particles, Indefiniteness, Definiteness, Referential, Uniquely Identifiable
Traditional Earth Houses in Vittin, Tamale: Identity and perception of the tradition-modernity conflict.
Authors: Addo Irene Appeaning
Published: April 2021

The tension between tradition and modernity extends into African traditional architecture. The desire to become modern is pushing people to change from the climate suitable traditional houses found in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study sought to explore the influence of modernity on traditional buildings in Vittin, a peri-urban community in the Tamale municipality. Using focus group discussions and photography, the study explored some of the tradition-modernity tensions that exist in African traditional architecture. Although respondents associated identity and tradition with the round earth houses built in the past, they explained that in contemporary times urbanisation, status, economic issues, sustainability and the sense of belongingness were push factors for change. The research concludes that conscious effort needs to be made for earth constructed houses to be sustainable otherwise the technology will completely disappear and this may impact the traditional beliefs and practices of the people. It is proposed that there is the need to relook at traditional architecture to make them durable and sustainable and the indigenous knowledge and architecture of the people need to be documented.Keywords: African Architecture, Tradition, Modernity, Identity.
Restitution and beyond in contemporary museum work: Re-imagining a paradigm of knowledge production and partnership
Authors: Laely Thomas
Published: April 2021

Today, anthropological museums have to reach out to external stakeholders toreprocess and reappraise the history and acquisition of their collections. They aremuch more than mere interpreters of a past heritage, but institutions having a placein contemporary history to debate and shape ever-evolving cultures grounded inboth local and global concerns. The paper explores these questions using theexample of an ongoing trilateral museum partnership in knowledge generationbetween Uganda and Switzerland.
Pattern of sub-clinical dysthyroidism in a postthyroidectomy cohort: Implications for supplementary treatment
Authors: Kintu-Luwaga Ronald , Makumbi Timothy , Kilyewala Cathy , Fualal Jane O.
Published: April 2021

Background: Defective thyroid functioning is referred to as dysthyroidism. Despite incomplete thyroidectomy or thyroxine supplementation, post-thyroidectomy patients may still experience dysthyroidism. Many times, this may be sub - clinical. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and pattern of sub-clinical dysthyroidism following thyroid surgery. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 40 patients were consecutively recruited following conventional thyroidectomy and followed up to 12months. All patients were euthyroid at surgery. At 12 months serum TSH, T4 and T3 levels were measured and the patients clinically assessed. The prevalence and pattern of dysthyroidism was analysed statistically against the patient demographics, clinical and peri-operative variables for significance, using stata version 13. The confidence interval was at 95% and the statistical significance at a p-value of <0.05. Results: The mean age was 44.3 years (M:F= 1: 12.3). 20% of the patients had medical comorbidities. The types of surgery performed were sub-total thyroidectomy (55%), near total thyroidectomy (25%) and total thyroidectomy (20%). The prevalence of postoperative dysthyroidism was 52.5%. 22.7% of patients who underwent sub-total thyroidectomy had dysthyroidism. Most patients (90%) who were on thyroxine supplement (following total or near total thyroidectomy) still developed dysthyroidism (P= 0.017). The type of resection done had the greatest significance (P= 0.000). Other factors associated with dysthyroidism albeit non-significantly were history of pre-operative hyperthyroidism, middle age (40 - 60 years), and female gender. Conclusions: The prevalence of dysthyroidism in this cohort was high which may reflect the broader picture among post - thyroidectomy patients in this setting. Regular biochemical testing in post-thyroidectomy patients is important to identify and correct dysthyroidism early. This requires frequent follow-up and accurate dose adjustment, based on objective assessments like weight or body mass index. Keywords: post-thyroidectomy; dysthyroidism; hypothyroidism; hyperthyroidism; sub-clinical dysthyroidism; prospective; cohort
HOUSING FINANCE: IMPACT OF HEAVY INTEREST INCOME TAX
Authors: Semenenko Igor , Yoo Jun Wook
Published: April 2021

Heavy taxation of interest income becomes a structural driver of property prices in a low-interest-rate environment. Inflation-adjusted price appreciation in 1996-2017 is approximately 200 basis points higher in 14 countries allowing no exemptions on interest income than in 37 countries that tax interest income at favorable rates or provide exemptions. Results for average returns over long-term periods are confirmed in models with annual frequencies, city-level data, and in a sample of 39 OECD countries for which price/rent ratios are available. It appears that investors view direct real estate, a heavily tax-favored asset, as an inflation hedge and/or alternative to fixed income asset. Higher interest income taxation may be fueling demand for direct real estate investments by retail investors. Separately, my empirical findings suggest that easy monetary policy effects can be magnified through the housing channel in countries that do not allow exemptions on interest income. Consequently, we should expect larger investment misallocations due to asset prices departure from fundamentals in some geographies.

JEL Classification Codes: E3, E4, F3, G1, G5, H2.
The Ethiopian Legal Frameworks for the Protection of Women and Girls from Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Marew Abebe Salemot  , Alemstehay Birhanu
Published: April 2021

The objective of this article is to investigate how legal frameworks address gender-based violence in Ethiopia? The research adopted a qualitative approach that utilized secondary sources and reviewed national legal frameworks promulgated and international instruments ratified by Ethiopia. According to this study, Ethiopia, where gender-based violence persistently exists, has adopted insufficient legal frameworks. Still, gender-sensitive legal frameworks shy away from giving a holistic definition to gender-based violence and did not show the scope of the term violence against women in full-spectrum either. Gender-related laws adopted by Ethiopia are inadequate to give civil remedies to those affected by gender-based violence. There are also neither separate domestic violence acts nor any kind of laws adopted to give specific civil remedies for the victims. This is attributable to the absence of comprehensive anti-violence laws in Ethiopia that affect law enforcement from pursuing incidents of violence within marriage and cohabitation on the premise that there are no clear legal provisions.
Orthodontic management of skeletal class II malocclusion with horizontally impacted maxillary canine: A case report
Authors: Gupta Sanjay Prasad , Rauniyar Dr. Shristi
Published: April 2021

Management of skeletal class II relation in growing patient require careful evaluation of growth status, proper diagnosis and treatment plan to address the patient’s need. Twin block is the appliance of choice among functional appliance to correct the skeletal class II malocclusion due to it’s acceptability by the patient and simplified design. Maxillary canine impaction is the second most prevalent impaction after the third molars. Treatment of maxillary canine impaction is usually a challenge to orthodontic approach as the defect lies in the esthetic region of the jaw.

This case report describes the orthodontic management of a 9 years male patient having skeletal Class II malocclusion with horizontally impacted maxillary canine. Some modifications in the treatment mechanics are deemed essential to address the patient’s need for achieving the optimal esthetic and to improve the occlusion.

Twin block is beneficial for the treatment of skeletal malocclusion in a growing patient to achieve the maximum benefit. The orientation of impacted teeth may change from horizontal to favorable one, hence it should be considered a viable treatment alternative. In such case, early diagnosis and interception at the right time along with radiographic follow-ups are necessary to achieve successful results.

Keywords: Canine Impaction, Class II malocclusion, Growth modification, Twin block appliance
Osnivanje veterinarskog školstva i organizacija civilnog i vojnog veterinarstva u Europi od 18. do 19. stoljeća
Authors: Džaja Petar , Sinković Sonja , Palić Magdalena , Mihalj Josip , Severin Krešimir
Published: April 2021

U radu je prikazano osnivanje veterinarskog školstva od samog početka u Lyonu 1762. g. do 1919. kada je osnovan Veterinarski fakultet u Zagrebu, a spomenuti su i osnivači, odnosno ravnatelji nekih tadašnjih veterinarskih škola. Prikazan je i pregled civilne i vojne organizacije veterinarstva po pojedinim tadašnjim državama. Budući da su veterinari u Hrvatskoj bili većinom školovani u Beču, to ćemo razvoj školstva i veterinarstva u Beču obraditi u posebnom radu. U Francuskoj je 1880. g. uz 419 vojnih veterinara djelovalo i 3 015 civilnih veterinara, ili ukupno 3 434 veterinara. U talijanskoj vojsci ukupno je bilo 142 veterinara, a u španjolskoj vojsci je 1881. g. bilo ukupno 252 veterinara. U belgijskoj vojsci 1868. g. bilo je 34 vojnih dok je bilo i 392 civilnih veterinara, a u Austriji u civilnoj službi bio je 297 veterinara. U Saskoj 1874. g. djeluje više od 200 civilnih veterinara i oko 40 vojnih veterinara, koji od 1864. g. imaju zajedničko veterinarsko društvo. U Prusiji se iz Naredbe od 21. 5. 1875. g. veterinarstvo potpuno odvaja od lječništva, a uz vojne veterinare bilo je ukupno 1 700 civilnih veterinara, i to 39 oblasnih, 422 kotarska, 16 graničnih i oko 1 000 privatnih veterinara. U Badenu su djelovala 54 kotarska veterinara, 65 u slobodnoj praksi i 20 vojnih veterinara i veterinarskih referenata, a u Würtenbergu je bilo 268 civilnih veterinara i 31 veterinar uposlen u vojsci. Nastava je u 19. stoljeću u Francuskoj u Lyonu od 1813. g. trajala 2, odnosno 3 godine, a od 1825. g. trajala je 4 godine. U Španjolskoj je nastava trajala 4, odnosno 5 godina. U Mađarskoj je u Budimpešti nastava 1851. g. godine trajala 2 semestra, a od 1875. g. trajala je 3 godine da bi od 1899. g. bila produžena na 4 godine, potom od 1922. g. studij traje 9, a od 1951. g. 10 semestara. U Njemačkoj je u Hannoveru nastava do 1845. g. trajala 2 godine, a od 1851. produžava se na 3 godine. U Berlinu nastava od 1836. g. traje 6 ili 7 semestara, a od 1878. g. sva je nastava produžena na 7 semestara. U Njemačkoj je u Münchenu studij od 1790. g. trajao 3 godine.
Diversity of the Bibionomorpha and Tipulomorpha (Diptera) from dead ash and aspen wood in the forests of Lithuania
Authors: Gorban Ina , Podėnienė Virginija
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the biodiversity of nematoceran flies associated with dead wood in a forest ecosystem. Although wood is a primary habitat for a vast amount of Diptera species, no effort has previously been made to study saproxylic flies in Lithuania. During this research, emergence traps were used on aspen (Populus tremula) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) trees in Dūkštų Ąžuolynas forest and Būda Botanical-Zoological Reserve during the period 2014–2019. In total, 672 individuals of the Bibionomorpha and Tipulomorpha collected from fallen tree trunks were identified to species. Seventy-four species represented nine families, with the Sciaridae, Anisopodidae and Mycetophilidae being most abundant. The Sciaridae family has barely studied in Lithuania and its diversity is still poorly known. During the research 23 nematoceran species, of which 19 belonging to the Sciaridae family, are first reported from Lithuania. Key words: nematoceran, saproxylic species, emergence traps.
Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing
Authors: Chase Elaine , Allsopp Jennifer
Published: April 2021

This book examines the factors affecting the health and wellbeing of young people as they transition to adulthood under the shadow of migration control. Drawing on unique longitudinal data, it illuminates how they conceptualize wellbeing for themselves and others in contexts of prolonged and politically induced uncertainty. The authors offer an in-depth analysis of the experiences of over one hundred unaccompanied young migrants, primarily from Afghanistan, Albania and Eritrea. They show the lengths these young people will go to in pursuit of safety, security and the futures they aspire to. Interdisciplinary in nature, the book champions a new political economy analysis of wellbeing in the context of migration and demonstrates the urgent need for policy reform.
IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Ecnomics, Civil Aviation College, Karachi., Gudaro Amna Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Purpose- This research paper aims to analyze the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Pakistan for the period 1981 to 2010. It evaluated the GDP growth performance and assessed the historical trends of the FDI and CPI in Pakistan. Methodology/Sample- The link between gross domestic product (GDP,) foreign direct investment and Inflation is measured with the help of multiple regression models. GDP in this model is used as dependent variable whereas FDI and inflation (CPI) are measured as independent variables. Findings- According to the results, the model is overall significant with the positive and significant association of GDP and FDI while a negative and significant relationship found between GDP and inflation. Practical Implications-On the basis of the empirical results acquired, Policy proposals are advised to attract FDI in Pakistan. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an essential factor for economic growth in the developing countries. FDI allows the transfer of technology, uplift competition in the domestic input market, contributes to human capital development and Profits.
Dietary resveratrol attenuates oxidative stress in Pacific whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in response to ammonia stress
Authors: Liu Huiling , Yang Zheng , Huang Yongxiong , Yang Shiping , Huang Yucong , Cai Shuanghu , Jian Jichang
Published: April 2021

To study the effect of resveratrol on the antioxidant system of Litopenaeus vannamei, resveratrol (0, 40, 80, 120 and 180 mg/kg) was added to the feed. After 7 days of culture, 10 tails of L. vannamei were randomly selected and exposure to ammonia stress at the sublethal concentration of ammonia (20 mg/L) for 24h. The results showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum of shrimp fed with resveratrol decreased significantly compare to the control group (p< 0.05). After the ammonia stress, the MDA levels in serum in the Res 120 group and the Res 160 group was lower significantly than that in the control group (p< 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hepatopancreas and the serum, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the serum of shrimps fed with resveratrol showed a decrease trend before the ammonia stress. Conversely, the activities of SOD and the total antioxidant competence (T-AOC) levels in the hepatopancreas in the Res 80 group and Res 120 group were significantly higher than that in the control group after the ammonia stress (p<0.05). Dietary resveratrol decreased oxidative damage, increased antioxidant enzyme activities under the ammonia stress. Our results demonstrated that resveratrol attenuated oxidative stress and improved the resistance to the ammonia stress.
India’s Role as a Determinant in Pakistan-US Relations (2005-2015)
Authors: Yousafzai Iftikhar Ahmad , Hilali A. Z.
Published: April 2021

The United States adopted a policy of de-hyphenation in its relations with India and Pakistan in the post-09/11 period which continued to be operational in the period 2005-2015. This policy apparently meant that the United States would deal each of the two South Asian adversaries, India and Pakistan. The main reason for this phenomenon was that the policy-makers in the US saw India as a heavy-weight to counter the rising economic, political and military power of China in Asia. Pakistan could not be fitted in this strategic calculus. The United States changed its previous position on Kashmir and instead of calling for resolving this issue according to the United Nations resolutions, it stressed on bilateral negotiations. Similarly, the United States endorsed Indian stance that Pakistan was backing terrorist outfits that perpetrated acts of terrorism in India. Strategic partnership between The US and India extended cooperation in civil nuclear technology, missile defense, space technology and defense production. No such cooperation could be extended to Pakistan. Permanent membership in the UN Security Council for India was endorsed despite Pakistan’s objections.
Nursing Students’ Computer Self-Efficacy and Attitudes toward Its Use in The Health Care Setting: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hassona Farida M. , Ali Aziza Z. F. , Nageeb Shaimaa M.
Published: April 2021

Context: The use of technology and computers in health care has been reported to improve nurses' decision-making and competencies, which in turn increase the quality of health-care practice.

Aim: of this study is to assess and compare nursing students’ computer self-efficacy and attitudes toward its use in a health care setting in the Faculty of nursing – Benha and Hail Universities.

Methods: A descriptive comparative cross-sectional study design was used to achieve the current study aim.  The study conducted in the Faculty of Nursing - Banha University, Egypt, and Faculty of Nursing – Hail University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Quota sampling of 219 students was chosen as follows; 190 students from the Faculty of Nursing - Banha University and 29 students from the Faculty of Nursing – Hail University. A structured self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic data, the pretest for attitudes toward computers in healthcare, and computer self-efficacy scales were the tool used to collect the study data. 

Results: 33% of nursing students from Benha University were have a realistic view of current computer capabilities in health care. In contrast, 28% of nursing students from Hail had a very positive view of computer use in health care. Nursing students at Hail University have the highest mean score compared to Benha nursing students (79.45±15.85 & 61.2±7.25, respectively) in their attitudes toward computer and computer self-efficacy. Benha nursing students have moderate computer self-efficacy compared with Hail nursing students who have a high computer self-efficacy level. A highly statistically significant relationship was detected between students' attitudes toward computers and computer self-efficacy (p-value=0.000). Also, there was a highly positive, statistically significant correlation between the demographic variables of nursing students and both students’ attitudes toward computers in health care and computer self-efficacy (p-value =0.00).

Conclusion: Nursing students in both universities have a positive attitude toward computer use. A significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in their attitude toward computer and self-efficacy was detected, with a highly statistically significant correlation between both students’ attitudes and their self-efficacy. Also, a significant relationship revealed between the studied students’ demographics and their attitude and self-efficacy. Future studies are recommended to evaluate existing technologies in terms of acceptance, effectiveness, and efficiency in real-life settings and to examine its effect on patient outcomes.  Nurse educators should design training courses and educational programs to enhance computer self-efficacy beliefs among nursing students.
Effect of Care Bundle Education Program on Nurses’ Performance Regarding Central Line-Associated Blood Stream Infection in High Risk Neonates
Authors: Abou Zed Safaa A. F. , Mohammed Amira A.
Published: April 2021

Context: Catheter-related bloodstream infections are the most common type of nosocomial infections among those populations. Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a preventable complication of the use of CVC.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the care bundle education program on nurses' performance regarding central line-associated bloodstream infections in high-risk neonates. Through the following: assessing nurses' knowledge and performance regarding central line-associated bloodstream infection in high-risk neonates, designing, implementing and evaluating the effect of the care bundle education program on nurses' performance regarding central line-associated bloodstream infection in high-risk neonates.

Methods: A quasi-experimental (pre/post-test) design was utilized to conduct this study at neonatal intensive care units affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals and Teaching Hospitals in Cairo. A convenient sample of forty-five 45 nurses was included in the study as a single study group. A structured interview questionnaire, nurses’ observation checklists were used to evaluate the effect of care bundle education on nurses’ performance regarding central line-associated bloodstream infection in high-risk neonates. The care bundle education program was premeditated as reference guidelines for nurses.

Results: There were statistically significant differences between mean scores of the pre and post-test as regards nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding central line-associated bloodstream infection in high-risk neonates.

Conclusion: The study revealed an unsatisfactory knowledge as well as an incompetent practice among nurses regarding central line-associated bloodstream infections in high-risk neonates before the care bundle education program. The research hypotheses are supported, and the care bundle education program achieved a significant improvement in nurses’ knowledge and performance regarding CLABSI in high-risk neonates. The current study recommended establishing educational centers in all hospitals for educating and updating the knowledge and performance of new nursing staff working in NICUs and supporting them by instructional brochure and illustrative booklets.
Bilimsel Araştırmalarda İstatistiğin ve Doğru Yöntem Seçimlerinin Önemi
Authors: BAYDEMİR Muhammed Bedir
Published: April 2021

İstatistik yöntemlere öğrencilerin başarı ortalaması, trafik kazası istatistikleri, tarım ve hayvancılıkta verimlilik gibi günlük hayatta yer alan olaylarda sık sık gerek duyulduğu gibi önemli bilimsel çalışmaların sonuçları da istatistik yöntemlerle değerlendirilmektedir. Tek kalem ürün pazarlayan küçük bir işletme sahibi için günlük ortalama satış miktarını belirlemek temel bir istatistik yöntem olduğu gibi sosyal bir konuda hazırlanan anket sonuçlarının değerlendirmesi de istatistiksel yöntemlerle yapılmaktadır. Ancak çalışmalarda genellikle incelenen değişkenlerin birçoğu birbirinden bağımsız değildir, bir veya daha fazla değişken ile ilişki içindedirler. Bundan dolayı herhangi bir değişken incelenirken, bu değişken ile alakalı diğer tüm değişkenleri ya sabit kabul etmek ya da kontrol altına almak gerekmektedir. Bu da doğru çözüme ulaşmaya engel olmaktadır. Çok değişkenli istatistik yaklaşımlar, çok sayıdaki değişkenin oluşturduğu veri yapısını basit bir forma dönüştürüp problemin yapısına uygun çözümler için daha sade bilgiler ortaya koymaktadır. Bilimsel bir çalışma yapılırken öncelikle problem tespit edilir. Probleme ilişkin gözlemler yapılır, veriler toplanır, veriler işlenerek bilgi haline getirilir. Buraya kadar yapılan işlemler ne kadar özenli olursa olsun istatistiksel sonuçları doğru yorumlanmayan bir araştırma hiçbir probleme çözüm olamaz. Bu eksiklik amaca ve veriye uygun istatistiksel yöntemin seçilmesiyle giderilebilir. Bu çalışmada istatistiğin ve doğru yöntem seçimlerinin araştırmalardaki önemi üzerinde çalışılmıştır.
Alimento Funcional: Uma Nova Abordagem Terapêutica das Dislipidemias como Prevenção da Doença Aterosclerótica
Authors: Braga Adriana D‘Auria Aparecida , Barleta Valéria Calmeto Noronha
Published: April 2021

A nutrição é uma das ciências mais antigas que visa estudar o alimento e as modificações que este sofre ao passar pelo organismo. No Japão na década de 80, estudos comprovaram que certos alimentos além de suas funções básicas nutricionais demonstraram benefícios fisiológicos e reduziram o risco de doenças; foram denominados alimentos funcionais, que podem potencialmente reduzir a ocorrência de doenças cardiovasculares, cânceres, osteoporose, problemas intestinais. A associação Americana do Coração já indica o uso de alimentos funcionais como parte da dieta para dislipidemias, o principal fator desencadeador da aterosclerose. As doenças cardiovasculares lideram o índice de mortalidade no Brasil, e são responsáveis por 50% das mortes nos EUA. Os principais compostos ativos responsáveis pelas ações preventivas das doenças cardiovasculares pertencem ao grupo dos polifenóis (flavonóides e isoflavonas), carotenóides e ômega–3; encontrados em alimentos usuais como: alho, tomate, berinjela, chocolate amargo, uva - vinho tinto, peixe, oleaginosas, chá verde, soja, especiarias, leguminosas, cogumelos e maçã. Hoje os alimentos com atividade funcional fazem parte da nutrição aplicada no dia-a-dia de muitos nutricionistas, nas mais diversas atividades,exigindo do profissional um aprofundamento na ciência dos compostos funcionais.
Hiperidrose – Conceitos e Atualizações Cirúrgicas
Authors: Tavares de Souza Mauro César , Silva Juliana Sobreira Furtado , De Azevedo Polyanna Pereira
Published: April 2021

A hiperatividade do sistema nervoso autônomo simpático leva a um aumento da atividade dasglândulas sudoríparas que em resposta a este estímulo, promove uma transpiração excessiva,através de uma sudorese constante, sendo esta condição conhecida como hiperidrose. Comincidência de 0,5 a 1% da população, a hiperidrose pode ser primária ou secundária e podeatingir mãos, pés, face e couro cabeludo. Pode ser submetida a tratamento clínico oucirúrgico, sendo esta última modalidade de tratamento, a única forma definitiva no controleda hiperidrose. Contudo, um dos efeitos mais indesejáveis no pós-operatório, é a sudoresereflexa, que segundo alguns autores pode acometer 85% dos pacientes submetidos àressecção da cadeia simpática. A incidência e a intensidade da sudorese reflexa é de causamultifatorial, podendo depender: do peso, sexo, idade e do(s) nível(eis) de secção(ões) emque os pacientes serão submetidos, de acordo com o tipo de hiperidrose que os mesmosapresentarem. Novas abordagens cirúrgicas da cadeia simpática estão sendo propostas comoforma á minimizar a sudorese reflexa no pós-operatório, levando-se em consideração todosos fatores preditivos comentados na bibliografia científica.
Aspectos Econômicos do Brasil Independente
Authors: Souza Agamêmnom Rocha
Published: April 2021

A economia colonial brasileira, que perduraria até a República, de há muito se revelar a superior à da Metrópole, mas pelos erros dessa, não conseguira submergir ao fluxo do capital estrangeiro, cuja prioridade, desde a dinastia bragantina, estava com os interesses ingleses, que nunca permitiram a nossa industrialização, e aqui encontraram operoso mercado para seus produtos, de baixo preço, dado às vantagens fiscais e excelente qualidade. O volume comercial aumentou muito pela mudança de hábitos da população, após a instalação da Corte portuguesa, no Rio de Janeiro. Contribuindo para o nosso atraso, a escravidão, que alimento uma grande classe rural, porém prejudicou o aperfeiçoamento e desenvolvimento de uma elite comercial somando-se o fato de que os métodos portugueses eram monopolistas de estado, não dando vez à iniciativa particular; por isso o estrangeiro encontrou, no Brasil, campo vasto para expandir seu comércio, em detrimento dos interesses nacionais.
Introdução ao Federalismo das Águas: interfaces entre gestão de bacias hidrográficas e saneamento básico Introduction to the Water’s Federalism: interfaces between management of hidrográficas basins and basic sanitation
Authors: Santos Benevenuto S.
Published: April 2021

As cidades possuem, em quaisquer de suas escalas de crescimento, desafios próprios para garantir um quadro de políticas públicas permanentes e necessárias, que se proporcionarão uma boa qualidade de vida de seus cidadãos. As peculiaridades regionais e locais, com maior ou menor grau de intensidade, acarretam problemas intra-urbanos que afetam sua sustentabilidade, especialmente em questões como déficit de moradias adequadas, déficit de cobertura de saneamento ambiental, baixa qualidade de transporte público, além de toda marginalização social que surge com o crescimento demográfico. É importante tomar medidas normativas e reguladoras que evitem a insustentabilidade nos padrões de degradação dos recursos naturais, imprescindíveis para a economia e para o desenvolvimento urbano. Contudo, em termos ambientais e urbanos, algumas metas só poderão ser atingidas em longo prazo, desde que os entes federativos atuem em parceria e entre estes e a sociedade, introduzindo políticas urbanas capazes de oferecer resultados e, gradualmente, apropriando-se das próprias experiências.
Perspectivas sociológicas para o estudo dos bens culturais e da atividade cultural Sociological Perspectives For The Study Of The Cultural Goods And The Cultural Activity
Authors: Da Silva Douglas Mansur
Published: April 2021

O artigo aborda diferentes proposições sociológicas para o estudo dos bens culturais e da atividade cultural, a partir de dois eixos temáticos: 1) as relações entre bens culturais e sociedade e 2) as relações entre cultura e poder.
Sarcomas de Partes Moles, Revisão de Literatura a Propósito de um Caso. Soft Tissue Sarcomas, Literature Revision Of A Case
Authors: De Souza Mauro César Tavares
Published: April 2021

Os sarcomas de partes moles (SPM) têm um conceito histogênico e outro topográfico. Do ponto de vista histogênico, são neoplasias malignas oriundas da célula mesenquimal primitiva, excetuando-se os tumores ôsseos, as leucemias e os linfomas. Assim sendo, na concepção atual, não há sentido dizer que o rabdomiossarcoma e o lipossarcoma são tumores oriundos, respectivamente, de fibra muscular estriada e adipócito e, sim, da célula mesenquimal primitiva que, sofrendo alterações em seu código genético, passa a produzir tecido muscular estriado e adiposo atípicos. Quanto à topografia, estas são lesões localizadas entre a epiderme e as vísceras, excluindo-se daí os ossos. Por fim, relatamos um caso de angiossarcoma de parede torácica, onde mediante, uma revisão de literatura, fizemos um breve comentário analítico.
A Influência da Marca nos Postos de Abastecimento de Combustíveis
Authors: Nasr Maria Aparecida , Santos Zilda Maria Contesini dos
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o processo decisório do consumidor com relação aos novos critérios de escolha referente à qualidade e preço da gasolina nos postos de abastecimento de combustíveis. A flexibilização proporcionada pela desregulamentação possibilitou a opção para os postos de combustíveis permanecerem vinculados ou não as distribuidoras que lhes deram a bandeira. Aqueles que optaram por se desvincular das distribuidoras propiciaram o surgimento de uma nova classe de ofertadores denominados bandeira branca. A pesquisa foi realizada com consumidores em postos com e sem bandeira no município de Volta Redonda-RJ. Para testar se a atitude dos consumidores com relação a estas duas classes de postos apresentou comportamento distinto, optou-se em adotar a metodologia de análise da variância. Os resultados demonstraram que aqueles que optam por postos com distribuidores tradicionais buscam qualidade superior do produto, enquanto aqueles que optam por postos com bandeira branca privilegiam os preços baixos.
Estenose Ureteropélvico Fetal – Diagnosticada pela Ultra-sonografia
Authors: Bastos Guilherme De Almeida , Laurino Danilo Micheletto , Kashiwabuch Marcelo Kazuo , Agostini Pedro Adri Oliveira , Ploch Rafael De Souza Ramos
Published: April 2021

Os Autores relatam um caso de estenose na Junção Uretero-Pélvico à esquerda, diagnosticado no pré-natal pela ultra-sonografia com 25 semanas de gestação. A importância do diagnóstico precoce foi a interrupção da gestação antes de ocorrer uma perda renal fetal ou lesão irreversível renal do Recém-nascido (RN).
Projeto de Inclusão Digital AAPVR – Tecnologia da Informação com Responsabilidade Social
Authors: Santos Rafael Teixeira dos , Miranda Daniel Gomes de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os métodos e os resultados da inclusão social da população considerada ‘terceira idade’ com base no projeto de Inclusão Digital para a Terceira Idade, nascido de uma parceria entre o Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda (UniFOA) e a Associação de Aposentados e Pensionistas de Volta Redonda (AAPVR).O Projeto de Inclusão Digital do UniFOA, pretende desenvolver ações sociais, pelo trabalho de seus alunos, objetivando contribuir para  uma inserção da comunidade da terceira idade num ambiente informatizado, perfazendo a “Inclusão Digital”. Dessa forma, o presente projeto atua também, como um instrumento de inclusão social, não apenas das populações de maior carência sócio-econômica, mas também, atendendo as diferentes faixas etárias de ambos os sexos.
Maldições, Fetiches e Comunismo na Crítica da Economia Política: a teoria da alienação de Karl Marx
Authors: Castelo Branco Rodrigo
Published: April 2021

No plano econômico, a alienação e o poder do capital sobre a classe trabalhadora cresceram de tamanho com o desmonte do Estado do Bem-Estar Social e o fim do socialismo real. O dólar, com a extinção dos acordos monetário-financeiros de Bretton Woods, perdeu seu lastro com qualquer mercadoria-padrão e tornou-se a moeda internacional por excelência, expandindo o poder imperalista estadunidense a níveis nunca antes experimentado por qualquer potência dominante. O fetichismo da mercadoria, que encontra sua expressão máxima no dinheiro, atingiu um patamar no qual o capital parece se reproduzir por si só – dinheiro que gera dinheiro (D-D´) – ganhando vida própria e subordinando os interesses dos trabalhadores aos interesses da classe capitalista. Estas são algumas das questões contemporâneas com as quais os pensadores marxistas se defrontam. Será que as categorias ‘alienação’, ‘fetichismo da mercadoria’ e ‘reificação’ são capazes de nos auxiliar no entendimento da atual fase do capitalismo, quando o capital a juros parece dominar a tudo e todos? O presente trabalho não pretende responder a tal questão complexa: o seu objetivo é tão somente traçar um panorama teórico da problemática da alienação e do fetichismo da mercadoria na obra teórica de Karl Marx.