bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial Impact and Socioeconomic Compensation for the Closure of a Coal-Fired Power Plant in a Local Entity
Authors: Prado-Domínguez Antonio Javier , González-Laxe Fernando , Escourido-Calvo Manuel , Martín-Bermúdez Federico
Published: July 2021

This work contributes to improving the relevant information for the local participatory process, in a context of just energy transition. A proposal has been prepared for an objective estimate of the initial impact and the minimum socioeconomic compensation for the closure of a conventional coal-fired thermal power plant in the affected local entity. This has allowed (1) specifying and contextualizing the effects into which the initial impact of the closure can be divided, with the inclusion of the circular effect; (2) obtaining an indicator of the minimum compensation that would need to be set to neutralize this impact; and (3) establishing recommendations and conclusions based on the evidence obtained.
Data Anomaly Detection of Bridge Structures Using Convolutional Neural Network Based on Structural Vibration Signals
Authors: Zhang Yixiao , Lei Ying
Published: July 2021

Structural monitoring provides valuable information on the state of structural health, which is helpful for structural damage detection and structural state assessment. However, when the sensors are exposed to harsh environmental conditions, various anomalies caused by sensor failure or damage lead to abnormalities of the monitoring data. It is inefficient to remove abnormal data by manual elimination because of the massive number of data obtained by monitoring systems. In this paper, a data anomaly detection method based on structural vibration signals and a convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed, which can automatically identify and eliminate abnormal data. First, the anomaly detection problem is modeled as a time series classification problem. Data preprocessing and data augmentation, including data expansion and down-sampling to construct new samples, are employed to process the original time series. For a small number of samples in the data set, randomly increase outliers, symmetrical flipping, and noise addition methods are used for data expansion, and samples with the same label are added without increasing the original samples. The down-sampling method of symmetrically extracting the maximum value and the minimum value at the same time can effectively reduce the dimensionality of the input sample, while retaining the characteristics of the data to the greatest extent. Using hyperparameter tuning of the classification weights, CNN is more effective in dealing with unbalanced training sets. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by the anomaly detection of acceleration data on a long-span bridge. For the anomaly detection problem modeled as a time series classification problem, the proposed method can effectively identify various abnormal patterns.
Multiple Attribute Decision Making Based on Linguistic Generalized Weighted Heronian Mean
Authors: Hu Ximei , Yang Shuxia , Zhu Ya-Ru
Published: July 2021

In actual multiple attribute decision making, people often use language to evaluate attributes of the object, and sometimes there are associations between the attributes. Therefore, the study of multiple attribute decision making with language as attributes and associations between attributes is of great theoretical significance and practical value. The Heronian mean is not only an operator which reflects the associations between attributes, but also has excellent properties, including idempotency, monotonicity, boundedness, parameter symmetry, and alternate symmetry. In this paper, firstly a new linguistic generalized weighted Heronian mean (LGWHM) was provided, and its properties including idempotency, monotonicity, boundedness, and limit were studied. Then, a new three-parameter linguistic generalized weighted Heronian mean (TPLGWHM) and its idempotency, monotonicity, and boundedness properties were proposed. Finally, multi-attribute decision making methods based on the new linguistic generalized weighted Heronian mean were given, and an example was analyzed and compared with other methods.
Effects of Bioinsecticidal Aegerolysin-Based Cytolytic Complexes on Non-Target Organisms
Authors: Panevska Anastasija , Glavan Gordana , Jemec Kokalj Anita , Kukuljan Veronika , Trobec Tomaž , Žužek Monika Cecilija , Vrecl Milka , Drobne Damjana , Frangež Robert , Sepčić Kristina
Published: July 2021

Aegerolysin proteins ostreolysin A6 (OlyA6), pleurotolysin A2 (PlyA2) and erylysin A (EryA) produced by the mushroom genus Pleurotus bind strongly to an invertebrate-specific membrane sphingolipid, and together with a protein partner pleurotolysin B (PlyB), form transmembrane pore complexes. This pore formation is the basis for the selective insecticidal activity of aegerolysin/PlyB complexes against two economically important coleopteran pests: the Colorado potato beetle and the western corn rootworm. In this study, we evaluated the toxicities of these aegerolysin/PlyB complexes using feeding tests with two ecologically important non-target arthropod species: the woodlouse and the honey bee. The mammalian toxicity of the EryA/PlyB complex was also evaluated after intravenous administration to mice. None of the aegerolysin/PlyB complexes were toxic against woodlice, but OlyA6/PlyB and PlyA2/PlyB were toxic to honeybees, with 48 h mean lethal concentrations (LC50) of 0.22 and 0.39 mg/mL, respectively, in their food. EryA/PlyB was also tested intravenously in mice up to 3 mg/kg body mass, without showing toxicity. With no toxicity seen for EryA/PlyB for environmentally beneficial arthropods and mammals at the tested concentrations, these EryA/PlyB complexes are of particular interest for development of new bioinsecticides for control of selected coleopteran pests.
Apicortin, a Constituent of Apicomplexan Conoid/Apical Complex and Its Tentative Role in Pathogen—Host Interaction
Authors: Orosz Ferenc
Published: July 2021

In 2009, apicortin was identified in silico as a characteristic protein of apicomplexans that also occurs in the placozoa, Trichoplax adhaerens. Since then, it has been found that apicortin also occurs in free-living cousins of apicomplexans (chromerids) and in flagellated fungi. It contains a partial p25-α domain and a doublecortin (DCX) domain, both of which have tubulin/microtubule binding properties. Apicortin has been studied experimentally in two very important apicomplexan pathogens, Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium falciparum. It is localized in the apical complex in both parasites. In T. gondii, apicortin plays a key role in shaping the structure of a special tubulin polymer, conoid. In both parasites, its absence or downregulation has been shown to impair pathogen–host interactions. Based on these facts, it has been suggested as a therapeutic target for treatment of malaria and toxoplasmosis.
Lopinavir and Nelfinavir Induce the Accumulation of Crystalloid Lipid Inclusions within the Reservosomes of Trypanosoma cruzi and Inhibit Both Aspartyl-Type Peptidase and Cruzipain Activities Detected in These Crucial Organelles
Authors: Sangenito Leandro S. , Pereira Miria G. , Souto-Padron Thais , Branquinha Marta H. , Santos André L. S.
Published: July 2021

Several research groups have explored the repositioning of human immunodeficiency virus aspartyl peptidase inhibitors (HIV-PIs) on opportunistic infections caused by bacteria, fungi and protozoa. In Trypanosoma cruzi, HIV-PIs have a high impact on parasite viability, and one of the main alterations promoted by this treatment is the imbalance in the parasite’s lipid metabolism. However, the reasons behind this phenomenon are unknown. In the present work, we observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the treatment of T. cruzi epimastigotes with the HIV-PIs lopinavir and nelfinavir induced a huge accumulation of crystalloid-shaped lipids within the reservosomes, most of them deforming these key organelles. As previously reported, those structures are characteristic of lipid inclusions formed mostly of cholesterol and cholesterol-esters. The fractionation of nontreated epimastigotes generated two distinct fractions enriched in reservosomes: one mostly composed of lipid inclusion-containing reservosomes (Fraction B1) and one where lipid inclusions were much less abundant (Fraction B2). Interestingly, the extract of Fraction B2 presented enzymatic activity related to aspartyl-type peptidases 3.5 times higher than that found in the extract obtained from Fraction B1. The cleavage of cathepsin D substrate by this class of peptidases was strongly impaired by pepstatin A, a prototypical aspartyl PI, and the HIV-PIs lopinavir and nelfinavir. In addition, both HIV-PIs also inhibited (to a lesser extent) the cruzipain activity present in reservosomes. Finally, our work provides new evidence concerning the presence and supposed participation of aspartyl peptidases in T. cruzi, even as it adds new information about the mechanisms behind the alterations promoted by lopinavir and nelfinavir in the protozoan.
Modeling Gamma-Ray SEDs and Angular Extensions of Extreme TeV Blazars from Intergalactic Proton-Initiated Cascades in Contemporary Astrophysical EGMF Models
Authors: Khalikov Emil
Published: July 2021

The intrinsic spectra of some distant blazars known as “extreme TeV blazars” have shown a hint at an anomalous hardening in the TeV energy region. Several extragalactic propagation models have been proposed to explain this possible excess transparency of the Universe to gamma-rays starting from a model which assumes the existence of so-called axion-like particles (ALPs) and the new process of gamma-ALP oscillations. Alternative models suppose that some of the observable gamma-rays are produced in the intergalactic cascades. This work focuses on investigating the spectral and angular features of one of the cascade models, the Intergalactic Hadronic Cascade Model (IHCM) in the contemporary astrophysical models of Extragalactic Magnetic Field (EGMF). For IHCM, EGMF largely determines the deflection of primary cosmic rays and electrons of intergalactic cascades and, thus, is of vital importance. Contemporary Hackstein models are considered in this paper and compared to the model of Dolag. The models assumed are based on simulations of the local part of large-scale structure of the Universe and differ in the assumptions for the seed field. This work provides spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and angular extensions of two extreme TeV blazars, 1ES 0229+200 and 1ES 0414+009. It is demonstrated that observable SEDs inside a typical point spread function of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) for IHCM would exhibit a characteristic high-energy attenuation compared to the ones obtained in hadronic models that do not consider EGMF, which makes it possible to distinguish among these models. At the same time, the spectra for IHCM models would have longer high energy tails than some available spectra for the ALP models and the universal spectra for the Electromagnetic Cascade Model (ECM). The analysis of the IHCM observable angular extensions shows that the sources would likely be identified by most IACTs not as point sources but rather as extended ones. These spectra could later be compared with future observation data of such instruments as Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) and LHAASO.
Geographic Distribution and Phylogeny of Soricine Shrew-Borne Seewis Virus and Altai Virus in Russia
Authors: Yashina Liudmila N. , Abramov Sergey A. , Zhigalin Alexander V. , Smetannikova Natalia A. , Dupal Tamara A. , Krivopalov Anton V. , Kikuchi Fuka , Senoo Kae , Arai Satoru , Mizutani Tetsuya , Suzuki Motoi , Cook Joseph A. , Yanagihara Richard
Published: July 2021

The discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) in multiple species of shrews, moles and bats has revealed a complex evolutionary history involving cross-species transmission. Seewis virus (SWSV) is widely distributed throughout the geographic ranges of its soricid hosts, including the Eurasian common shrew (Sorex araneus), tundra shrew (Sorex tundrensis) and Siberian large-toothed shrew (Sorex daphaenodon), suggesting host sharing. In addition, genetic variants of SWSV, previously named Artybash virus (ARTV) and Amga virus, have been detected in the Laxmann’s shrew (Sorex caecutiens). Here, we describe the geographic distribution and phylogeny of SWSV and Altai virus (ALTV) in Asian Russia. The complete genomic sequence analysis showed that ALTV, also harbored by the Eurasian common shrew, is a new hantavirus species, distantly related to SWSV. Moreover, Lena River virus (LENV) appears to be a distinct hantavirus species, harbored by Laxmann’s shrews and flat-skulled shrews (Sorex roboratus) in Eastern Siberia and far-eastern Russia. Another ALTV-related virus, which is more closely related to Camp Ripley virus from the United States, has been identified in the Eurasian least shrew (Sorex minutissimus) from far-eastern Russia. Two highly divergent viruses, ALTV and SWSV co-circulate among common shrews in Western Siberia, while LENV and the ARTV variant of SWSV co-circulate among Laxmann’s shrews in Eastern Siberia and far-eastern Russia. ALTV and ALTV-related viruses appear to belong to the Mobatvirus genus, while SWSV is a member of the Orthohantavirus genus. These findings suggest that ALTV and ALTV-related hantaviruses might have emerged from ancient cross-species transmission with subsequent diversification within Sorex shrews in Eurasia.
Live Viral Vaccine Neurovirulence Screening: Current and Future Models
Authors: May Fulton Corey , Bailey Wendy J.
Published: July 2021

Live viral vaccines are one of the most successful methods for controlling viral infections but require strong evidence to indicate that they are properly attenuated. Screening for residual neurovirulence is an important aspect for live viral vaccines against potentially neurovirulent diseases. Approximately half of all emerging viral diseases have neurological effects, so testing of future vaccines will need to be rapid and accurate. The current method, the monkey neurovirulence test (MNVT), shows limited translatability for human diseases and does not account for different viral pathogenic mechanisms. This review discusses the MNVT and potential alternative models, including in vivo and in vitro methods. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed, and there are promising data indicating high levels of translatability. There is a need to investigate these models more thoroughly and to devise more accurate and rapid alternatives to the MNVT.
Electrified Powertrain with Multiple Planetary Gears and Corresponding Energy Management Strategy
Authors: Rajput Daizy , Herreros Jose M. , Innocente Mauro S. , Schaub Joschka , Dizqah Arash M.
Published: July 2021

Modern hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) like the fourth generation of Toyota Prius incorporate multiple planetary gears (PG) to interconnect various power components. Previous studies reported that increasing the number of planetary gears from one to two reduces energy consumption. However, these studies did not compare one PG and two PGs topologies at their optimal operation. Moreover, the size of the powertrain components are not the same and hence the source of reduction in energy consumption is not clear. This paper investigates the effect of the number of planetary gears on energy consumption under optimal operation of the powertrain components. The powertrains with one and two PGs are considered and an optimal simultaneous torque distribution and mode selection strategy is proposed. The proposed energy management strategy (EMS) optimally distributes torque demands amongst the power components whilst also controlling clutches (i.e., mode selection). Results show that increasing from one to two PGs reduces energy consumption by 4%.
Impact of CRISPR-Cas9-Based Genome Engineering in Farm Animals
Authors: Singh Parul , Ali Syed Azmal
Published: July 2021

Humans are sorely over-dependent on livestock for their daily basic need of food in the form of meat, milk, and eggs. Therefore, genetic engineering and transgenesis provide the opportunity for more significant gains and production in a short span of time. One of the best strategies is the genetic alteration of livestock to enhance the efficiency of food production (e.g., meat and milk), animal health, and welfare (animal population and disease). Moreover, genome engineering in the bovine is majorly focused on subjects such as disease resistance (e.g., tuberculosis), eradicate allergens (e.g., beta-lactoglobulin knock-out), products generation (e.g., meat from male and milk from female), male or female birth specifically (animal sexing), the introduction of valuable traits (e.g., stress tolerance and disease resistance) and their wellbeing (e.g., hornlessness). This review addressed the impressive genome engineering method CRISPR, its fundamental principle for generating highly efficient target-specific guide RNA, and the accompanying web-based tools. However, we have covered the remarkable roadmap of the CRISPR method from its conception to its use in cattle. Additionally, we have updated the comprehensive information on CRISPR-based gene editing in cattle.
Pilot and Field Studies of Modular Bioretention Tree System with Talipariti tiliaceum and Engineered Soil Filter Media in the Tropics
Authors: Lim Fang Yee , Neo Teck Heng , Guo Huiling , Goh Sin Zhi , Ong Say Leong , Hu Jiangyong , Lee Brandon Chuan Yee , Ong Geok Suat , Liou Cui Xian
Published: July 2021

Stormwater runoff management is challenging in a highly urbanised tropical environment due to the unique space constraints and tropical climate conditions. A modular bioretention tree (MBT) with a small footprint and a reduced on-site installation time was explored for application in a tropical environment. Tree species used in the pilot studies were Talipariti tiliaceum (TT1) and Sterculia macrophylla (TT2). Both of the MBTs could effectively remove total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead with removal efficiencies of greater than 90%. Total nitrogen (TN) removal was noted to be significantly higher in the wet period compared to the dry period (p < 0.05). Variation in TN removal between TT1 and TT2 were attributed to the nitrogen uptake and the root formation of the trees species. A field study MBT using Talipariti tiliaceum had a very clean effluent quality, with average TSS, TP, and TN effluent EMC of 4.8 mg/L, 0.04 mg/L, and 0.27 mg/L, respectively. Key environmental factors were also investigated to study their impact on the performance of BMT. It was found that the initial pollutant concentration, the dissolved fraction of influent pollutants, and soil moisture affect the performance of the MBT. Based on the results from this study, the MBT demonstrates good capability in the improvement of stormwater runoff quality.
Development of an Automated Tracer Testing System for UASB Laboratory-Scale Reactors
Authors: Cisneros Juan F. , Pelaez-Samaniego Manuel Raul , Pinos Verónica , Nopens Ingmar , Alvarado Andrés
Published: July 2021

Residence time distribution (RTD) curves play an essential role in the hydraulic characterization of reactors. Current approaches for obtaining RTD curves in laboratory-scale reactors are time-consuming and subject to large errors. Thus, automated systems to obtain RTD curves in laboratory-scale reactors are of great interest for reducing experimental errors due to human interaction, minimizing experimentation costs, and continuously obtaining experimental data. An automated system for obtaining RTD curves in laboratory-scale reactors was designed, built, and tested in this work. During the tests conducted in a cylindrical upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, the system worked properly using the stimulus–response pulse technique with sodium chloride as a tracer. Four main factors were found to affect the representativeness of the RTD curves: flow stabilization time, test water conductivity, temperature, and surface tension. A discussion on these factors and the corresponding solutions is presented. The RTD curves of the UASB reactor are left-skewed with a typical tank reactor’s flow shape with channeling and dead zones. A transitory flow behavior was evidenced in the reactor, which indicates the influence of internal turbulent flow structures. The system proposed herein is expected to help study the hydraulics of reactors using laboratory-scale models more efficiently.
Comparative Analysis of HLLC- and Roe-Based Models for the Simulation of a Dam-Break Flow in an Erodible Channel with a 90∘ Bend
Authors: Martínez-Aranda Sergio , Meurice Robin , Soares-Frazão Sandra , García-Navarro Pilar
Published: July 2021

In geophysical surface flows, the sediment particles can be transported under capacity (equilibrium) conditions or noncapacity (nonequilibrium) conditions. On the one hand, the equilibrium approach for the bedload transport assumes that the actual transport rate instantaneously adapts to the local flow features. The resulting system of equations, composed of the shallow water equations for the flow (SWE) and the Exner equation for the bed evolution, has been widely used to simulate bedload processes. These capacity SWE + Exner models are highly dependent on the setup parameters, so that the calibration procedure often disguises the advantages and flaws of the numerical method. On the other hand, noncapacity approaches account for the temporal and spatial delay of the actual sediment transport rate with respect to the capacity of the flow. The importance of assuming nonequilibrium conditions in bedload numerical models remains uncertain however. In this work, we compared the performances of three different strategies for the resolution of the SWE + Exner system under capacity and noncapacity conditions to approximate a set of experimental data with fixed setup parameters. The results indicate that the discrete strategy used to compute the intercell fluxes significantly affected the solution. Furthermore, the noncapacity approach can improve the model prediction in regions with complex transient processes, but it requires a careful calibration of the nonequilibrium parameters.
Near–Real Time Burst Location and Sizing in Water Distribution Systems Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Capelo Miguel , Brentan Bruno , Monteiro Laura , Covas Dídia
Published: July 2021

The current paper proposes a novel methodology for near–real time burst location and sizing in water distribution systems (WDS) by means of Multi–Layer Perceptron (MLP), a class of artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed methodology can be systematized in four steps: (1) construction of the pipe–burst database, (2) problem formulation and ANN architecture definition, (3) ANN training, testing and sensitivity analyses, (4) application based on collected data. A large database needs to be constructed using 24 h pressure–head data collected or numerically generated at different sensor locations during the pipe burst occurrence. The ANN is trained and tested in a real–life network, in Portugal, using artificial data generated by hydraulic extended period simulations. The trained ANN has demonstrated to successfully locate 60–70% of the burst with an accuracy of 100 m and 98% of the burst with an accuracy of 500 m and to determine burst sizes with uncertainties lower than 2 L/s in 90% of tested cases and lower than 0.2 L/s in 70% of the cases. This approach can be used as a daily management tool of water distribution networks (WDN), as long as the ANN is trained with artificial data generated by an accurate and calibrated WDS hydraulic models and/or with reliable pressure–head data collected at different locations of the WDS during the pipe burst occurrence.
Use of remote diagnostics and monitoring of the state of the visual organ in the context of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Bakutkin Valeriy Vasilievich , Bakutkin Ilya Valerievich , Zelenov Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2021

The emergence and spread of the coronavirus pandemic has led to an increase in the need for the use of remote sensing methods and monitoring the organ of vision. Portable, autonomous equipment, specialized software for use in a remote version and in various fields of telemedicine have been developed. The hardware part contains optical and electronic components that provide digital images of the anterior segment of the eye, transmitting data in real time to the consultation center, and analyzing them by a doctor. The software part is implemented in the form of a multifunctional site using digital biomicroscopy technologies, analysis of the data obtained and making medical decisions. There is also a section of distance questionnaires to identify complaints and symptoms of diseases. These methods are used not only for diagnostics, but for remote monitoring of the state of the organ of vision in a variety of diseases.
Immersive technologies will reduce the likelihood of accidents at industrial plants
Authors: Simonov I.V.
Published: July 2021

One of the causes of accidents at industrial enterprises is most often the human factor. In pursuit of zero injury, industrial companies strive to improve the quality of employee training. Solutions based on immersive technologies are being introduced into the production process, for example, simulators for training employees to work with equipment based on virtual reality (VR) or three-dimensional graphics (3-dimensional, 3D). Such technologies replace the practice of working on real equipment and allow deeper training of skills in a safe environment. In addition, using virtual reality, you can simulate any emergency situations that are unacceptable to be created on real objects. All this subsequently helps to reduce the negative impact of the human factor on production, and therefore, to reduce the likelihood of injuries, accidents or even fatalities at enterprises.
Essais d'adaptation des cellules tumorales humaines à l'organisme de la souris. (Tumeurs épithéliales malignes)
Authors: Métianu Tibérius , Métianu C. , Lortat-Jacob J. L. , Guillemer S.
Published: July 2021

Les tumeurs d’origine humaine ont été greffées avec succès à des souris Swiss non conditionnées par un traitement immuno-suppresseur chimique ou physique ; sur un total de 22 tumeurs épithéliales malignes prélevées chez l'homme, 6 seulement ont pu être transmises à la souris. De ces 6 tumeurs, 5 ont été transmises en série pendant une longue période, excédant 4 ans. Les tumeurs transplantées ont conservé, chez la souris, les mêmes structures histologiques caractéristiques de la tumeur d'origine humaine.
Apparition d'influenza aviaire chez la poule dans le nord de la France. Isolement d'un virus Hav 9 N 2
Authors: Duée J. P. , Fontaine M.-P.
Published: July 2021

Dans le département du Nord, en décembre 1979 puis en août 1980, sont apparus deux foyers d'Influenza aviaire dans des élevages de poules pondeuses. Ils se traduisent par une haute morbidité à prédominance digestive, un certain taux de mortalité chez les poulettes et un retard d'entrée en ponte.

Les différents examens de laboratoire, mettent en évidence un virus hémagglutinant non neutralisé par le sérum anti-Newcastle, par double diffusion en gélose il donne un trait de précipitation spécifique des Influenza A.

D’après les tests d’inhibition croisée de l'hémagglutinine et de la neuraminidase, l'isolat correspond au sous-type Influenza A/Turkey/Wisconsin/66 (Hav 9 N 2).

A propos de ces premiers foyers d’Influenza décrits en France chez des oiseaux domestiques, la situation épidémiologique générale est discutée en fonction des résultats des enquêtes d’écologie virale en cours dans différents pays.
Mythe et théâtre : le motif de la dame au char dans la légende royale de Rome
Authors: Johner Anita
Published: July 2021

A Rome, Tanaquil et Tullia, les «faiseuses de rois» étrusques apparaissent comme des «dames au char» et ce motif qui se retrouve dans d’autres légendes, hors de Rome, constitue un mythème dans les récits d’accession à la souveraineté. Il deviendra, dans la mentalité romaine, un élément dans le représentation de la tyrannie et de ses dérives et cet infléchissement idéologique doit beaucoup à l’influence de l’esthétique théâtrale et notamment au modèle de Médée, si présente dans le théâtre romain et dont la frénésie et la cruauté convenaient particulièrement pour stigmatiser, à travers les dames étrusques, cette autre barbarie qu’était devenue la royauté aux yeux des Romains ; enfin Rome trouvait ici matière à affirmer son identité politique et culturelle.
Basileus et turannos chez Hérodote
Authors: Lévy Edmond
Published: July 2021

Hérodote, bien que généralement hostile à la tyrannie, ne donne pas une valeur systématiquement négative au vocabulaire, relativement récent, de la tyrannie.

Ce vocabulaire est appliqué à des monarques traditionnels (par ex. en Lydie), à des «gouverneurs» soumis aux Perses, qui portent peut-être officiellement le titre de turannos de telle région, et à des tyrans grecs. On trouve de nombreuses interférences avec le vocabulaire de la royauté, même pour les tyrans grecs.

Quand les deux vocabulaires sont en concurrence, la famille de turannos évoque plutôt l’exercice effectif du pouvoir et celle de basileus, le titre royal, tandis que turannos implique un pouvoir absolu, ce que peut être, mais n’est pas nécessairement la basileia.
Paul Gauckler et la colline de l’Odéon à Carthage
Authors: Wells Colin Michael
Published: July 2021

En 1900, Paul Gauckler découvrit les restes de l’odéon romain vers le sommet de la colline de l’Odéon à Carthage et dégagea les fondations de la cauea, l’orchestre, le mur de scène et la façade de l’édifice orientée vers le nord, précédée d’une grande cour rectangulaire. Le site se trouve essentiellement à l’heure actuelle dans l’état dans lequel Gauckler l’a laissé, à part le dégagement de la partie orientale de la cauea par des entrepreneurs à la recherche de matériaux de construction durant les années 1950. Cet article essaie de faire la synthèse des données de fouilles de Gauckler à la lumière des observations d’Alexandre Lézine et des fouilles de l’auteur en 1994 et 1995.
Cité et municipe chez les Tongres, les Bataves et les Canninéfates
Authors: Raepsaet-Charlier Marie-Thérèse
Published: July 2021

Recently an interesting inscription has been found in Tongeren (Belgium) which document the municipal rank of the Cuitas Tungrorum. In this study we try to make a brief status quaestionis about romanisation and urbanisation in Germania inferior, esclusive the two coloniae. Evidence establish the existence of probably 4 cuitates (Tungri, Bataui, Canninefates, Frisiauones) in Julio-Claudian times. Three of them obtain the statute of Latin municipium by Pius or Marcus Aurelius. Considering also their magistrates, elites, town development and integration, it seems that this province had a rather classical municipalisation process and that the «batavian model» which put forth a «germanic resistance» to Roman culture is not prooved.
The Evaluation of Kidney Function in Living Kidney Donor Candidates
Authors: Garg Neetika , Poggio Emilio D. , Mandelbrot Didier
Published: July 2021

Living kidney donors incur a small increased risk of ESKD, of which predonation GFR is an important determinant. As a result, kidney function assessment is central to the donor candidate evaluation and selection process. This article reviews the different methods of GFR assessment, including eGFR, creatinine clearance, and measured GFR, and the current guidelines on GFR thresholds for donor acceptance. eGFR obtained using the 2009 CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation that, although the best of estimating estimations, tends to underestimate levels and has limited accuracy, especially near-normal GFR values. In the United States, the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network policy on living donation mandates either measured GFR or creatinine clearance as part of the evaluation. Measured GFR is considered the gold standard, although there is some variation in performance characteristics, depending on the marker and technique used. Major limitations of creatinine clearance are dependency on accuracy of timed collection, and overestimation as a result of distal tubular creatinine secretion. GFR declines with healthy aging, and most international guidelines recommend use of age-adapted selection criteria. The 2017 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Guideline for the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors diverges from other guidelines and recommends using absolute cutoff of <60 ml/min per 1.73m2 for exclusion and ≥90 ml/min per 1.73m2 for acceptance, and determination of candidacy with intermediate GFR on the basis of long-term ESKD risk. However, several concerns exist for this strategy, including inappropriate acceptance of younger candidates due to underestimation of risk, and exclusion of older candidates whose kidney function is in fact appropriate for age. The role of cystatin C and other newer biomarkers, and data on the effect of predonation GFR on not just ESKD risk, but also advanced CKD risk and cardiovascular outcomes are needed.
Features of the initial stage of investigating fraud with financial resources in cyberspace
Authors: Reznik Oleg , Fomenko Andrii , Melnychenko Andrii , Pavlova Natalia , Prozorov Andrii
Published: July 2021

The article aims to characterize the forensic features of the initial stage of investigating fraud with financial resources in cyberspace, its significance, analysis, and justification as a type of cybercrime that is dangerous for everyone, and prove the need for urgent measures to prevent and combat such criminal offenses. The authors used several methods of scientific cognition: logical-semantic, system-structural, analytical, formal-legal, forecasting, dialectical, interpretation, and hermeneutics. The article focuses on the general provisions of the forensic characteristics of Internet fraud with financial resources; analysis of the information model of the mechanism of committing fraud with financial resources in the field of computer information; coverage of the tactical features of individual investigative actions at the initial stage of the investigation of fraud with financial resources in cyberspace. It was concluded that the effectiveness of combating Internet fraud and the level of cybersecurity in Ukraine is very low. Therefore, the investigation of fraud with financial resources in cyberspace requires in-depth specific knowledge from the subjects of the investigation.
International experience of public-private partnership in agriculture
Authors: Kolomoiets Tetiana , Galitsina Natalia , Sharaia Anna , Kachuriner Viktoriia , Danylenko Olga
Published: July 2021

Agriculture, as one of the most important sectors of the economy, needs constant improvement at the legislative level. Its importance lies in providing the population with provisions and obtaining raw materials for industry. States are trying to create a mechanism for regulating agricultural relations that would be in line with international principles and efficient. One such mechanism is the introduction of the institution of public-private partnership. The experience of foreign countries allows to maintain the state of legislative support at a high level and, accordingly, the effective implementation of its norms at a high level for the implementation of state social policy. The work aims to analyze the international experience of public-private partnerships in agriculture. During the research, the authors used such methods as a method of analysis of normative documents, comparative legal method, and formal-legal method. As a result of the study, the international experience of public-private partnership (in general) and in the field of agriculture (in particular) was examined. The historical stages of formation and improvement of this institute are studied. The advantages and disadvantages of public-private partnership and possible ways to improve it are studied.
Protection of intellectual property rights on the Internet: new challenges
Authors: Kharchenko Olesia , Kronda Olha , Kryvosheyina Inha , Zerov Kostiantyn
Published: July 2021

Given the steady growth in demand for Internet resources (due to specific benefits for users) a significant issue is the governing regulation of relations that develop during the interaction of subjects of legal relations on this sphere. Intellectual property law expands the scope of regulation of legal relations via the Internet. In this regard, there is an essential need for a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical aspects of the protection of intellectual property rights on the Internet. During the study, a number of general scientific methods were used: method of observation, method of comparison, method of experiment, method of convergence from abstract to concrete, method of formalization, axiomatic method, method of analysis, and historical method. As a result of the study, the peculiarities of legal regulation of relations arising in the process of using objects of intellectual property rights on the Internet, which are caused by the difficulty in identifying the infringer of intellectual property rights, determining the place of the crime, the speed of spread of intellectual property on the Internet, low level of legal culture of the population. The ways to improve the system of protection of intellectual property rights on the Internet are the following were suggested.
Evaluation of Depression, Anxiety and Sleep Quality in the Brazilian Population During Social Isolation Due to the New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: the DEGAS-CoV Study/ Avaliação da Depressão, Ansiedade e Qualidade do Sono na População Brasileira Durante o Isolamento Social Devido à Nova Pandemia do Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2): o Estudo DEGAS-CoV
Authors: Mei Paulo Afonso , Sasse Amanda , Fernandez Ana Lara Navarrete , Perri Bárbara Neiva , Bispo Breno Alexander , Baptista Cintia Zonta , Néspoli Fábio Soares , Munhos Gabriela Sakita , Verghetti Giovanni Giuliani , Santana Giselly Brito , Martins Guilherme Barbosa de Almeida Oliveira , Mendonça Jessyca Rosa Lopes , Lebl Julia Patel , Ruivo Laís Grabner , Loeb Laura , Isepon Marielly , Pachecco Marina Joseane , Castro Paloma Ricciardi de , Castro Paola Ricciardi de , Brustolin Rafaela Dotta , Silva Taysa Ma. P. Gonçalves G. da , Junior Valdemiro da Rolt , Gomes Victoria , Junior Amilton dos Santos , Cardoso Tânia Aparecida Marchiori Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has caused distress and repercussions in mental and physical health of individuals. Depression, anxiety and worsening of sleep quality have been reported in several recent articles that surveyed populations all over the globe. Our work meant to access, through a cross-sectional study, these disorders in the Brazilian population, through the application of an online questionnaire conducted on the second trimester of 2020. Materials and Methods: We applied an online questionnaire, filled with questions regarding social, economic, financial, educational and health status, as well as questions from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: We collected 2,695 valid answers, from April 24th to May 31st, 2020. Age ranged from 18 to 79 years, mean of 31.3. Women were 76.3%, men 23.7%. Symptoms of Anxiety were found in 56.5%, of depression in 46.1%, and of bad sleep in 49.2%. Some groups were more prone than others to one or more of those conditions, such as: younger people, women, mestizos, people with lesser years of education, of lower income or whose income dropped significantly during the pandemic, caregivers, students, sedentary or people practicing less physical activity, people who followed more hours of news of COVID-19 and those less engaged in social and instrumental activities.Conclusion: anxiety, depression and bad sleep quality were significantly high in our survey. Mental and sleep health is heterogeneously affected among individuals, depending on social, economic, financial, educational and health status.
Dispensing errors in a Rio de Janeiro tertiary hospital: incidence, types, and causes / Erros de dispensação em hospital terciário do Rio de Janeiro: incidência, tipos e causas
Authors: De Moura Luciana Lima , Cunha Rafael Garcia , Fonseca Ana Beatriz Monteiro , De Brito Monique Araújo , De Castilho Selma Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

Objective: In this study, the drug dispensing system of a tertiary care center was analysed, with the purpose of identifying the occurrence of dispensing errors, their types, causes, and the role of double checking in prevention. The main factors that contribute for the errors and the recommendations to avoid them have been evaluated from the perspective of the professionals involved in the dispensation process. Methods: 1,077 prescriptions were assessed in a 6-month  period. The errors were recorded and corrected before the medication left the pharmacy. Each pharmaceutical unit dispensed was considered as a possibility of error. The results were analyze through descriptive statistics (average, median, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and frequencies). In the second step of the research, the opinion of the professionals directly involved with dispensing  about causes and consequences of the errors was assessed through a questionnaire with  open and closed questions to explore the factors and causes of errors. Results: A 4.5% rate of dispensing errors inside the pharmacy was observed , during the double-check process. The rate observed when the medicines arrived at the admission units was of 0.37%.  The most frequent class of errors in dispensing was drug omission (62.9%), followed by dose added errors (11.7%); incorrect time (10.2%); incorrect drug (9.2%), and changed dosage form (6.4%). We found a direct relationship between the number of dispensed items during a shift and the number of dispensing errors (ρ=0,844). The schedule for team shifts  influenced the error rate (p=0,016). Conclusion: Knowing the dispensing error profile is crucial for promoting behaviour changes and to define adequated error barriers.
Evaluasi Usability pada Aplikasi Mobile ACC.ONE menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS) dan Usability Testing
Authors: Veni Manik  , Hetty Primasari Clara , Yohanes Priadi Wibisono  , Aloysius Bagas Pradipta Irianto
Published: July 2021

Perusahaan pembiayaan kendaraan mobil saat ini semakin banyak dan berkembang begitu pesat. Setiap perusahaan berusaha untuk menarik perhatian pelanggan dengan berbagai cara, terutama peningkatan teknologi untuk mendukung dan memudahkan proses kegiatan pembiayaan mobil. Perusahaan Astra Credit Company memanfaatkan teknologi dengan menyediakan aplikasi mobile acc.one yang dapat digunakan oleh pelanggan untuk membantu segala kegiatan proses pembiayaan mobil di Perusahaan ACC. Namun aplikasi ini terdapat beberapa masalah yang dapat diketahui dari ulasan pengguna di play store seperti aplikasi tiba-tiba error, aplikasi tidak dapat dibuka, fitur tidak berfungsi dengan semestinya, dll. Sehingga dilakukan pengujian aplikasi untuk mengetahui tingkat usability aplikasi dengan menggunakan metode system usability scale dan usability testing untuk mengetahui pengalaman pengguna. Hasil yang diperoleh tingkat usability aplikasi dengan tingkat kemudahan sebesar 73,33% yang masuk dalam kategori buruk, tingkat kecepatan pengguna sebesar 0,0467 goals/sec yang termasuk kategori normal, tingkat kesalahan pengguna sebesar 0,1230 total defect yang masuk dalam kategori kecil, dan tingkat kepuasan pengguna menggunakan kuesioner SUS memperoleh rerata SUS sebesar 54,45945946 yang artinya tingkat kepuasan pengguna rendah terhadap aplikasi berdasarkan penentuan nilai SUS yaitu Acceptability atau tingkat penerimaan penggunaan masuk dalam kategori marginal low, Grade Scale atau tingkat grade skala masuk dalam kategori F dan Adjective Rating masuk dalam kategori OK. Selain itu, pada SUS skor percentile rank masuk kedalam grade D.
MANAJEMEN LABA, TATA KELOLA DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: WINARTA SHEVIN , NATALIA IRENE , SULISTIAWAN DEDHY
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to empirically determine the effect of earnings management and corporate governance practices on firm value. Modified Jones-based discretionary accruals are used as a proxy for earnings management. Firm value is measured by Tobin's Q and corporate governance is evaluated by independent commissioners, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and auditor reputation. The study uses companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 period. The main findings indicate that earnings management has a positive effect on firm value and institutional ownership is able to weaken the effect of earnings management on firm value. This study contributes to market-based accounting research and corporate governance.
Model of the Interaction Process Based on the Application of Clustering Methods
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Boytsov B.V. , Zhetesova G.S. ,   Karaganda State Technical University, Pantyukhin O.V. ,   Tula State University
Published: July 2021

A model of intersubjective interaction processes has been built. The features of the organization of the process of interaction between education, science and production, the main aspects of the clustering algorithm of the established criteria and indicators of development are described. The principles of the ESM quality strategy are established.
Wire Knitted Mesh for Lightning Protection of Wind Blades
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Boytsov B.V. , Vishnyakov L.R. ,   Scientific and production center «Uvikom» LLC (carbon fibers and composites), Kazakov M.E. ,   Scientific and production center «Uvikom» LLC (carbon fibers and composites), Krivonos V.V. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (NRU)
Published: July 2021

The features of the use of lightning protection nets in the wind power industry as lightning arresters and down conductors are considered. Based on the experience gained in aviation technology, ways of improving the design of the lightning protection system for the safe operation of wind farms are proposed.
Processing and analysis of images of microstructure metals for determining the grain point
Authors: Bohush R. P. , Adamousky Y. R. , Denisenak S. F.
Published: July 2021

An algorithmic support for metallographic images preprocessing and analysis is presented. The software product implements metallographic methods for the grain size determination by comparison of rating scales, counting beans, calculation of grain boundaries intersections for equiaxed and elongated grains, measuring a chords length. Multiple digital images can be used as initial data. Pre-processing is used to remove noise, sharpen and improve contrast using Adaptive Contrast-Limiting Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). The next step is grain segmentation. A combination of distance transform and adaptive watershed binarization is used. Binary images filtration based on the operations of mathematical morphology is provided. Contour analysis is used to determine grain boundaries. The study’s results of the entire rating scales and on the real metallographic images are presented. High efficiency of an algorithmic support is confirmed by the experiments. The software implementation has the following main features: the ability to calibrate the actual grain size, automatic or manual image preprocessing, grain size analysis with saving the results as a report in jpg format. Batch processing provides the ability to download images for processing with the same type of algorithm.