bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL ATAS SIKLUS PENGELUARAN PADA SEBUAH PERUSAHAAN KONTRAKTOR DI INDONESIA
Authors: BAJ Fina Amaliah Hidayanti
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the company's internal control implementation of expenditure cycle Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) PT. DWK. This study used an interpretive qualitative approach. This study found the lack of authorization on cash out evidence, disuse of temporary bon documents and drafts,and lack of management commitment in implementing SOP. The results of this study is to provide recommendations on the weaknesses of the implementation of SOP expenditure cycle of PT. DWK. By doing this research, misuse in the application of SOP expenditure cycle are expected can be minimized and prevented, so that the company's resources can be used effectively and efficiently.
Analisis Suku Bunga, Kurs dan Inflasi terhadap Return Saham Blue Chip Sektor Perbankan
Authors: Wijayanti Delia , Sishadiyati Sishadiyati
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence stock returns, especially blue chip stocks in the banking sector. The variables used in this study are interest rates, exchange rates and inflation. This research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis models. The results showed that the variable interest rates, exchange rates and inflation affect the blue chip stock returns of the banking sector. But partially, interest rates do not affect the blue chip stock returns of the banking sector while the exchange rate and inflation affect the blue chip stock returns of the banking sector. This research is very useful for investors in making investment decisions, especially in the banking sector.
Analisi Tingkat Pendidikan dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran di Kota Makassar
Authors: Nujum Syamsu , Rahman Zainuddin , Purnama Hukma Ratu
Published: October 2020

The objectives of this study are: 1) To Analyze the Effect of Education Level Partially on Unemployment in Makassar City, 2) To Analyze the Effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product Partially on Unemployment in Makassar City, and 3) To Analyze the Effect of Education Level and Gross Regional Domestic Product simultaneously against unemployment in Makassar City. The analytical method used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the level of education had no significant effect on the unemployment rate in Makassar City. Gross Regional Domestic Product did not significantly influence unemployment in Makassar city and together with the education level of funds the gross regional domestic product did not significantly influence unemployment in Makassar City.
Reaksi Pasar Modal terhadap Faktor Ekonomi dan Faktor Non Ekonomi di Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Ninda Vani , Nugroho Ris Yuwono Yudo
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is (1) to examine how much influence economic and non-economic factors have on the movement of the Jakarta Composite Index (CSPI), (2) to examine the most dominant factor in the movement of the Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI). The method in this study uses monthly data and is processed using the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) analysis technique. the results of the variance decomposition test before social / political turmoil showed that the most dominant contribution was recorded at the CSPI itself 61 percent, with economic factors 21 percent and non-economic factors 18 percent. However, the results of the variance decomposition test after social / political turmoil showed that the most dominant contribution was recorded in non-economic factors, 52 percent, with economic factors 36 percent, and CSPI itself at 18 percent. Thus, there are differences before and after social / political turmoil.
Analisa Sistem Informasi Pengarsipan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Pada Kantor Samsat Serpong
Authors: Santoso Sugeng , Saptono Arief , Pasaribu Novita Rosalina
Published: October 2020

Arsip merupakan kumpulan warkat yang disimpan secara sistematis karena mempunyai kegunaan agar setiap kali diperlukan dapat secara cepat ditemukan kembali. Arsip mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam sebuah kantor, apabila arsip yang dimiliki kurang baik pengelolaannya dapat mengakibatkan sulitnya menemukan informasi yang telah disimpan dan akhirnya dapat menghambat tahapan proses pekerjaan selanjutnya. Penggunaan komputer sangat penting dalam dunia perkantoran dalam menunjang majunya dunia perkantoran. Penggunaan komputer sangat penting untuk memperlancar dan mempermudah proses input, output, dan penyimpanan data-data yang penting. Sistem pengarsipan di Kantor Samsat Serpong masih menggunakan metode yang manual dimana dengan melakukan pemilahan-pemilahan notice arsip untuk selanjutnya dimasukkan ke dalam surat kendali. Hal tersebut sangat rentan terhadap human error (kesalahan manusia) seperti hilangnya arsip atau salah dalam melakukan pemilahan notice arsipnya. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan diciptakannya sebuah sistem untuk mempermudah proses pengarsipan secara terkomputerisasi dan berbasis website. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Observasi, Wawancara, Studi Pustaka dan Analisa SWOT. Perancangan sistem menggunakan UML, bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySQL. Dengan adanya suatu sistem yang baik diharapkan dapat mempermudah dan membantu petugas dalam pengerjaan pengarsipan.
Perancangan Aplikasi Pendaftaran Travel Online Menggunakan Laravel Framework Pada PT. Arisalah
Authors: Alfiah Fifit , Adyani Aad , Azis Moch Abdul
Published: October 2020

Arisalah Merupakan salah satu pengelolaan jaamah haji atau umroh dan juga wisata traveling, salah satunya adalah layanan bimbingan yang diberikan oleh Arisalah adalah Haji atau Umroh. Yang dimana sistem pendaftaranya masih dilakukan dengan cara manual, semua data ditulis tangan pada kertas pendaftaran jamaah, kemudia data dimasukan kedalam Ms.Microsoft Excel. Untuk memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik untuk para calon jamaah maka, penulis ingin membantu Arisalah untuk membuat sistem pendaftaran online berbasis web dengan menggunakan sistem metode UML (Unifield Modeling Language), dengan menggunakan Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, dan Sequence Diagram. Dan dengan analisa perancangan SWOT yang bisa memberi tahu antara kekuatan sistem,kelemahan sistem,peluang yang diberikan sistem dan, ancaman yang bisa menggagu sistem, dan menggunakan metode pengembangan SDLC (System Development life cycle) dimana ketika sistem dibuat ada planning yang dibuat,kerangka, dilanjutkan dengan implementasi, dan pemeliharaan, Dan untuk mendukung dalam pembuatan sistem aplikasi ini didukung dengan menggunakan PHP sebagai Base dari sistem pendaftaran tersebut dan dengan tambahan menggunakan Xampp, Mysql untuk databasenya, dan Framework Laravel. Dengan adanya sistem ini semoga bisa membantu para jamaah yang ingin mendaftar di Arisalah dengan lebih mudah dan nyaman, tanpa perlu lagi datang ketempat atau cabang - cabangnya langsung.
Sistem Monitoring Transaksi Customer Berbasis Web Pada MNC PLAY MEDIA
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Nurbaiti Tatu , Agustini Tri
Published: October 2020

Monitoring merupakan kegiatan memantau atau mengamati perkembangan suatu kegiatan untuk mendapatkan suatu informasi yang dapat digunakan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan selanjutnya. Banyaknya pelanggan dan cabang yang dimiliki oleh MNC Play Media, dan proses monitoring yang masih manual, menjadikan kegiatan monitoring transaksi membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan tidak update. Sehingga dibutuhkan suatu sistem monitoring yang sudah terkomputerisasi agar lebih efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini merancang sistem monitoring berbasis web dengan menggunakan metode analisis SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) dan sistem pemodelan UML (Unified Modeling Language) yang diimplementasikan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) yang dihubungkan dengan basis data MySQL-Server. Dengan adanya sistem tersebut, laporan yang dihasilkan lebih akurat dan proses monitoring transaksi menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien.
Model Sistem Monitoring Stok Untuk Mendukung Pemesanan Dan Penjualan Produk
Authors: Cholisoh Novi , Effendy M. Yusuf , Anwar Rismawan Syaiful
Published: October 2020

Perusahaan fashion window bergerak dalam bidang penjualan barang. Semakin maju perusahaan maka semakin tinggi permintaan barang dan semakin banyak juga pelanggannya.Dengan demikian permasalahan stok barang menjadi permasalahn kompleks yang dihadapi perusahaan.Semakin kompleks masalah yang dihadapi perusahaan maka dibutuhkan sistem untuk membantu memperlancar jalannya operasi suatu perusahaan, yang bertujuan untuk menjamin sumber data yang akurat dan berkualitas.Saat ini pembuatan data stok barang masih secara manual menggunakan Excel.Jika pembuatan data masih secara manual terkadang terjadi kesalahan kesalahan data dalam pembuatan laporan stok barang.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa monitoring stok barang dan merancang sebuah sistem monitoring stok barang yang sesuai dan tepat untuk pencapaian tujuan perusahaan.Penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan metode analisis perangkat lunak, perancangan perangkat lunak, dan pengujian perangkat lunak. Hasil penelitian yang dicapai adalah aplikasi monitoring berbasis web aplikasi stok barang yang dapat digunakan oleh sales admin, purchasing, dan manager untuk mengetahui data stok barang secara akurat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian monitoringjumlah stok barang untuk memantau masuk dan keluar barang dapat mempermudah sales admin, purchasing, dan manager dalam memantau data stok barang dalam perusahaan dan kinerja penjualan perusahaan.Sistem monitoringpersediaan barang berisi data data pelanggan serta data laporan stok barang yang tersedia secara akurat.
Aikuisopetuksen kehittäminen on myös oppimateriaalin kehittämistä
Authors: Pantzar Eero
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan aikuisopetuksen oppimateriaalin asemaa didaktisissa teorioissa ja käytännössä. Erityiskohteena artikkelissa on kirjallinen oppimateriaali. Esiin tulevat aikuisopetuksessa tarvittava oppimateriaali, sille asetetut erityisvaatimukset ja tutkimustulosten valossa analyysi nyt käytössä olevista ja käyttöön suositelluista kielten oppikirjoista aikuisille. Artikkelissa päädytään havaintoon kirjallisen oppimateriaalin jonkinasteisesta jälkeenjääneisyydestä. Tilanteen korjaaminen voi tapahtua kehittämällä Aikuiskoulutuskomitean kaavailemaa oppimateriaalituotannon organisaatiota, joka antaisi mahdollisuuden toiminnan laajentamisen omatekoisen ja kaupallisen oppimateriaalituotannon ulkopuolelle.
Ammatillisen erityisopetuksen pedagogiikasta ja didaktiikasta
Authors: Hautamäki Jarkko
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan ammatillista erityisopetusta lähtien siitä, että ammatillisen toiminnan erittelyn tulee olla myös erityisryhmien opetuksen perusta. Tämän pohjalta kritikoidaan konkreettisuuden ylikonkretisoivia tulkintoja, jotka jättävät puolitiehen ammatillisten kokonaisuuksien etsinnän ammatillisen erityisopetuksen opetussuunnitelmallisen kehittelyn perustana. Samalla vaikeutuu myös itse opetus- ja oppimistapahtuman ohjaus, minkä keskeisin edellytys olisi normaalia tarkempi oppimisen ja opetuksen ehtojen erittely. Erääksi harkittavaksi ratkaisumahdollisuudeksi esitetään työkonekokonaisuuden idea, mitä samalla käytetään ainakin hypoteettisenä "apuviivana" tarkasteltaessa psykologian ja pedagogiikan näkökulmien eroa ja sovittamismahdollisuuksia. Psykologinen näkökulma perustuu suuntautumisteoriaan, jota täydennetään Neisserin skeema-teorian avulla. Psykologisesta näkökulmasta otetaan esiin ennakointi sellaisena prosessina, joka ammatillisessa erityisopetuksessa voitaisiin pyrkiä muodostamaan, koska sen avulla kyettäisiin vaikuttamaan opettavien taitojen yleiseen käyttöön. Suuntautumisteorian avulla on tarkasteltu myös oppimisvaikeuksien diagnosointia.
Energy, Information, and Superluminal Speed in Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Veklenko Boris A.
Published: October 2020

Without using the perturbation theory, the article demonstrates a possibility of superluminal information-carrying signals in standard quantum electrodynamics using the example of scattering of quantum electromagnetic field by an excited atom.
Gender Difference in Colour Preference of Lighting: A Pilot Study
Authors: Huang Zheng , Liu Qiang , Liu Ying , Pointer Michael R. , Bodrogi Peter , Khanh Tran Quoc , Liu Anqing
Published: October 2020

Gender difference has been widely reported in many research fields. However, in the topic of colour preference of lighting, such an issue has not aroused much attention. In this study, therefore, three groups of visual experiments with different illuminance (E) levels (50 lx, 200 lx, 600 lx) were conducted which investigated the preferred correlated colour temperature (CCT: 3500 K, 5000 K, 6500 K) for six single-coloured decorative artificial bird-shaped objects (red, green, yellow, blue, white and black). Twenty subjects, ten males and ten females, were invited to respond with their visual colour preference of the experimental objects. The aim of this work was to investigate if gender difference exists when the observers judge objects with different colours under different E-CCT conditions. The results indicate that there is significant difference between males and females for the 200 lx and 600 lx conditions, especially for the cases with higher CCTs (5000 K and 6500 K). In addition, it was found that under certain E-CCT conditions the preference ratings of males and females for certain colours were obviously different. Similarly, for some scenarios the subjective ratings from observers of the same gender also varied with object colour.
Data Mining Model For Designing Diagnostic Applications Inflammatory Liver Disease
Authors: Pahlevi Omar , Amrin Amrin
Published: October 2020

Hepatitis is an infectious disease that is a public health problem that affects morbidity, mortality, public health status, life expectancy, and other socio-economic impacts. Early diagnosis of hepatitis is very important so that it can be treated and treated quickly. In this study, the authors will apply and compare several data mining classification methods, including the C4.5 algorithm, Naïve Bayes, and k-Nearest Neighbor to diagnose hepatitis, then compare which of the three methods is the most accurate. Based on the results of measuring the performance of the three models using the Cross Validation, Confusion Matrix and ROC Curve methods, it is known that the C4.5 method is the best method with an accuracy of 70.99% and an under the curva (AUC) value of 0.950, then the k-Nearest Neighbor method with accuracy of 67.19% and the value under the curve (AUC) 0.873, then the naïve Bayes method with an accuracy rate of 66.14% and a value under the curve (AUC) of 0.742.
Novel insights into the diet of southern stingrays and Caribbean whiptail rays
Authors: O’Shea OR , Meadows MH , Wrigglesworth EE , Newton J , Hawkes LA
Published: October 2020

Caribbean whiptail and southern stingrays are large-bodied mesopredators, occupying shallow, nearshore ecosystems of The Bahamas, yet virtually nothing is known of their diet or potential resource competition. We used stomach content analysis via gastric lavage and stable isotope analysis to investigate the diet of 94 Caribbean whiptail rays Styracura schmardae and 112 southern stingrays Hypanus americanus across 3 locations in the central Bahamas. Gastric lavage was used to identify prey consumed and compared to stable isotope analysis of δ15N, δ13C and δ34S of barb, muscle, blood and skin, representing different temporal integration periods. Both species appeared to consume a majority of crustaceans and annelids, although δ13C values suggested that Caribbean whiptail rays have larger isotopic niche space across isotopes sampled (potentially broader diet) than southern stingrays, ranging from 5.82-3.43‰2, and a greater variance in δ13C. This suggests Caribbean whiptail rays potentially feed on prey from either a wider geographic range or from different habitats. Caribbean whiptail and southern stingrays are known to spatio-temporally overlap, and their isotopic niche overlapped by 35.6%. This study represents the first integrated diet estimate for southern stingrays obtained using multiple techniques, and the first ever diet assessment in Caribbean whiptail rays. These data are critical for conservation of coastal ray species and management of coastal and nearshore environments throughout the region.
What Is a Hormone?
Authors: STÁRKA L. , DUŠKOVÁ M.
Published: October 2020

Starling’s original definition of a hormone from 1905 was “a hormone is a substance produced by glands with internal secretion, which serve to carry signals through the blood to target organs”. Today, this definition is understood to be lacking, but newer definitions also do not encompass the entire meaning of hormones as specific carriers of information. One main problem is that there is no delineation between hormones and other signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth factors or autacoid compounds. It seems that a precise definition is not even possible, since some cytokines and growth factors, such as the cytokines erythropoietin, lipocalin-2 and asprosin or fibroblast growth factor 23, act as hormones under certain conditions.
The Gold Standard of Thyroid Nodule Examination? Prospective Validation of the ACR TI-RADS in a Secondary Referral Center
Authors: GRIMMICHOVÁ T. , PAČESOVÁ P. , SRBOVÁ L. , VRBÍKOVÁ J. , HAVRDOVÁ T. , HILL M.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this prospective study was the validation of the risk stratification of thyroid nodules using ultrasonography with the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) and partly in comparison to American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines in a secondary referral center. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) (n=605) and histological examinations (n=63) were the reference standards for the statistical analysis. ACR TI-RADS cut-off value: TR4 with sensitivity 85.7 %, specificity 54.1 %, PPV 58.5 %, accuracy 67.7 % (AUC 0.738; p<0.001). ATA cut-off value: “high suspicion” with sensitivity 80 %, specificity 83.3 %, PPV 80 %, accuracy 81.8 % (AUC 0.800; p=0.0025). 18.4 % nodules (3 malignant) could not be assigned to a proper ATA US pattern group (p<0.0001). Both ACR TI-RADS and ATA have allowed fair selection of nodules requiring FNA with superiority of ACR TI-RADS according to classification of all thyroid nodules to the proper group. According to ACR TI-RADS almost one third of the patients were incorrectly classified with 17.9 % missed thyroid carcinomas, exclusively micropapillary carcinomas, even though, the amount of FNA would be reduced to 48 %.
Are There Sex Differences in the Reaction of Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin to Hypoglycemia?
Authors: DUŠKOVÁ M. , KOLÁTOROVÁ L. , JANDÍKOVÁ H. , POSPÍŠILOVÁ H. , STÁRKA L.
Published: October 2020

There has been increasing evidence in recent years for the hypothesis of bones as endocrine organs. Osteocalcin, long considered just a marker of new bone formation, is now seen as the first hormone produced by bones, and seems to be associated with regulating glucose metabolism and reproduction. The aim of this work was to monitor changes of osteocalcin in reaction to hypoglycemia, and determine if there are differences in such reactions between the sexes. The study included 61 healthy probands with physiological calciophosphate metabolism (30 men and 31 women). We applied to each of them an insulin tolerance test, and then monitored levels of undercarboxylated osteocalcin and reactions to hypoglycemia at regular time intervals. We found differences in the reaction to hypoglycemia between the sexes. In men there was a significant decline in undercarboxylated osteocalcin between the 30 and 40 min (p<0.0015), which reflects a reaction to a glycemic decline between 25-30 min, followed by reversal. Low undercarboxylated osteocalcin in men lasted up to 90 min, after which they returned to levels before the test. In women we did not find any significant changes in undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels. Changes in undercarboxylated osteocalcin induced by hypoglycemia indicate a relationship between bones and glucose metabolism. There was an interesting difference between the sexes. However, a definitive conclusion about the role of osteocalcin in human metabolism will require numerous future studies.
Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia in an Index Male: Grey Zones of the Differential Diagnosis From Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a 13-Year Clinical Follow up
Authors: ZAJÍČKOVÁ K. , DVOŘÁKOVÁ M. , MORAVCOVÁ J. , VČELÁK J. , GOLTZMAN D.
Published: October 2020

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) type 1, caused by a heterozygous inactivating mutation of the gene encoding the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), is characterized by mild to moderate hypercalcemia, hypocalciuria and inappropriately normal or elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH). FHH must be differentiated from primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) because parathyroidectomy is ineffective in the former. Herein, we report a 39-year-old male patient with a 13-year history of asymptomatic PTH-dependent hypercalcemia (mean calcium of 2.88 mmol/l; reference range 2.15-2.55 mmol/l) and calcium-to-creatinine clearance ratio (Ca/Cr) ranging from 0.007 to 0.0198, which is consistent with either FHH or PHPT. Although a family history of hypercalcemia was negative, and PET-CT with fluorocholine was suggestive of a parathyroid adenoma, genetic analysis of the CaSR gene identified a heterozygous inactivating mutation NM_000388.4:c.1670G>A p. (Gly557Glu) in exon 6 and a polymorphism NM_000388.4:c.1192G>A p. (Asp398Asn) in exon 4. The G557E mutation has been previously reported in a Japanese family in which all family members with the mutation had Ca/Cr below 0.01 consistent with FHH. The biochemical profile of FHH and PHPT may overlap. Our FHH patient with a G557E CaSR mutation illustrates that the differential diagnosis can be difficult in an index case with no family history, (false) positive parathyroid imaging and higher calciuria than expected for FHH. Calcium intake, vitamin D status and bone resorption might have contributed to the Ca/Cr variations over a 13-year clinical follow up. This case thus emphasizes the irreplaceable role of genetic testing of the CaSR gene when clinical evaluation is inconclusive.
The Psychosocial Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in 10–13-Year-Old Children
Authors: Varnienė Lina , Sinkevičius Romualdas , Raistenskis Juozas , Cirtautas Alma , Puišienė Jolanta , Jorgensen Inga
Published: October 2020

Research background. Even 70% of population in industrialized countries report low back pain (LBP). LBP usually appears in early adolescence, and it is as common in late adolescence as in adulthood. Low back pain reported in childhood is a predictor of LBP in adulthood. It is widely accepted that back pain is a multidimensional disorder with physical, lifestyle and psychosocial factors related to the development and maintenance of adolescent back pain. So far, no definitive conclusion has been made on the nature and interaction of these factors. The aim of the research was to measure the prevalence of LBP and define the relationship among psychosocial factors and back pain. Research methods. The study included 193 respondents: 103 girls and 90 boys aged from 11 to 13 years of age. We conducted a cross-sectional study using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (Goodman, 1997) to assess psychosocial factors. The prevalence of back pain was assessed by a questionnaire. Research results. The life time prevalence of back pain is 38.9%. Girls (46.6%) experience back pain more often than boys (30%). The assessment of psychosocial factors identified that majority of children 73.6% had no difficulties. Psychosocial difficulties were more common among boys (18.8%) than girls (7.8%). Emotional problems were assessed in 15% of respondents and peer problems in 31.6%. Conclusions. Less than half of children have experienced low back pain at least once in their life. Girls experienced back pain more often than boys. The prevalence of back pain is increasing with age. Reliable evidence was obtained that children who experience, or are likely to experience, psychosocial problems suffer from back pain more frequently.Keywords: children, low back pain, psychosocial factors.
Usefulness of the Fullerton Test in Qualifying Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease for Rehabilitation
Authors: Szczegielniak Jan , Wdowiak Anna , Bogacz Katarzyna , Luniewski Jacek
Published: October 2020

Adequate, individually based choice of training type and intensity is a prerequisite for physiotherapy of patients with COPD. The basic criteria for qualification include effort tolerance assessment by means of exercise test on cycloergometer or treadmill or 6-minute walk test and determining the degree of lung ventilation activity impairment, dyspnea level and patient’s physical condition. The Fullerton test is an easy and time-effective tool allowing for effort tolerance and physical condition assessment in case of patients above the age of 60. The objective of this work was to assess the usefulness of the Fullerton test in qualifying patients with COPD for rehabilitation. Thirty two patients with diagnosed COPD were tested in the research. The group comprised in-patients treated in the MSWiA Hospital in Glucholazy between February 1 and May 10, 2011. All patients in the research were above 60 years of age, with median age of 68 ± 5.2. The patients were given pulmonary rehabilitation model A and B according to Szczegielniak. In the research, the results recorded in 6 trials of the Fullerton test were compared to the results of standard tests qualifying for pulmonary rehabilitation. For this purpose, a 10-point scale was created by the authors, which included parameters achieved in the Fullerton test allowing comparison of the results achieved in the Fullerton test and standard qualification procedure. The T-student test was used to assess the relationships between the tested parameters. Statistical significance level was established at p < 0.05. The analysis of research results showed that patients who scored higher on the scale were qualified for higher pulmonary rehabilitation models, which means they achieved higher results in qualification tests. The Fullerton test might be useful for the assessment of the results and progress of pulmonary rehabilitation process.Keywords: Fullerton test, effort tolerance assessment, pulmonary rehabilitation.
Relationship between Impaired Functional Stability, Back Pain and Fatigue
Authors: Miliauskė Ramunė , Varnienė Lina , Dudonienė Vilma
Published: October 2020

Musculoskeletal dysfunctions are commonly diagnosed in children and teenagers and have the tendency to grow [1]. Epidemiological research shows that non-specific low back pain occurs in childhood and the incidence increases from 13 to 51% [2]. According to research, every fifth school-age child is complaining of back pain [3]. The aim of the research was to define relationship between impaired functional stability, low back pain and fatigue in 9–12-yearold children. Height, weight as well as functional stability of 121 children raging in age from 9 to 12 years were assessed using Matthiass test [3]. Prevalence and intensity of low back pain as well as fatigue during the day and its intensity were assessed using pain and fatigue scales for children. Just one-fifth of the children were diagnosed with functional stability. Back pain was experienced by more than half of the children. Back pain in girls was significantly higher than that in boys. Singificantly more girls felt fatigue during the day compared to boys. Back pain can be influenced by the emergence of poor functional stability – significantly more children who failed in functional stability test reported back pain. Also back pain in children can be related to tiredness during the day.Keywords: functional stability, back pain, children, fatigue.
Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Applying Atlant Suit for Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Varnienė Lina , Kazlauskaitė Lina , Raistenskis Juozas , Mikulėnaitė Laima , Aukstikalnis Tomas , Dudonienė Vilma
Published: October 2020

Research background. One of the newest children’s cerebral palsy abilitation techniques are special neuro – orthopedic suits, which are used in physiotherapy procedures. “Atlant” suit rehabilitation has been introduced relatively recently, and it has not yet been extensively studied, especially in comparison with other methods. In Lithuania, this treatment method was introduced only a year ago. There is still lack of information about these suits effect on the motor skills of children with cerebral palsy. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy using Atlanto suit for children with cerebral palsy. Methods. The research included 20 subjects, 14 boys and 6 girls. Participants were divided into two groups: experimental and control (10 children each). Participants were evaluated twice; at the beginning and at the end of rehabilitation. Points of evaluation included: • lower limb muscle tone (according to the modified Asworth scale); • range of joint motion (goniometry); • balance and gait (according Tinetti scale); • gross motor function (according to the gross motor measure scale – GMFM-88). Results. The study showed that the experimental group, where “Atlant” suit was used figures were statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) assessing: evaluating the changes of muscle tone; changes of balance and gait and changes of gross motor functions, in comparison with the control group, which did not apply to neuro – orthopedic suit. Evaluated figures changes of joint range of motion for the experimental and control groups it was established that they did not differ statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Physiotherapy combined with “Atlant” suit is more effective than conventional methods of physiotherapy treatment, improving children’s, suffering from cerebral palsy, general motor function, balance and gait and also muscle tone reduction.Keywords: children, cerebral palsy, “Atlant” suit.
The Impact of Trunk Rotation Movements on Increased Muscle Tone and Functional Movements for Patients after Stroke
Authors: Vaišvilaitė Vaida , Zachovajevienė Brigita , Zachovajevas Pavelas , Poderys Jonas
Published: October 2020

Experienced stroke causes malfunction not only in arm or leg movements, but also the ability to manage torso posture and complete torso movements performed by the torso muscles. Abnormal muscle tone is one of the stroke damage areas. The most common residual effects of stroke are paresis, spasticity and functional movement disorder. Muscle tone regulation acts as a relevant task for the theory and practice of physical therapy. This paper investigates the most effective method of increased muscle tone and its reduction for patients after stroke. It also provides a methodology which could be fully benefited by the entire rehabilitation team. Aim of research: to define the impact of trunk rotational movements on increased muscle tone and functional movements for patients after stroke. The study included patients after stroke and those who had increased muscle tone. The same patients received two means of decreasing the muscle tone: the 1st one based on the trunk rotational movements, the 2nd – stretching exercises for the limbs. The research focused on muscle tone of: flexor carpi radialis, biceps brachii, gastrocnemius and quadriceps femoris. The effectiveness of physiotherapy was assessed by evaluating the change in muscle tone using a Myoton-3 tone meter. Moreover, a change in functional movements before and after physiotherapy was evaluated using Rivermed’s scale for movement assessment. Evaluation group consisted of 15 patients (n = 15). Conclusions: 1. Trunk rotation movements statically significantly decrease an increased muscle tone of: flexor carpi radialis, biceps brachii, gastrocnemius and quadriceps femoris (p < 0.05) 2. The average change in muscle tone for trunk rotation movements was statically significantly higher using the method of trunk rotational movements than using stretching exercises (p < 0.05). 3. Both, trunk rotational movements and stretching exercises, improve the functional movements (p < 0.05), however, trunk rotational movements have a higher impact than stretching exercises (p < 0.05). 4. Trunk rotational movements decrease muscle tone and improve functional movements for patients after stroke (p < 0.05).Keywords: stroke, hypertonus, decreased spasticity.
The Optoelectronic Sensor Relative Humidity
Authors: Matbabayev M.
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the main characteristics of atmospheric air, the selected closed object on which the relative humidity depends to a certain extent, as well as a laboratory installation for studying the principle of constructing an optoelectronic sensor for measuring relative humidity. A description and diagram of the air humidity sensor, a block diagram of the installation for continuous monitoring of air humidity in the controlled object, a device for calibrating humidity sensors, and an algorithm for calibrating humidity sensors are given.
Prospects for Industrial Development in the Republic of Karakalpakstan
Authors: Ubaydullaev K. , Alimov A.
Published: October 2020

This article addresses a number of challenges related to the complexity of industry research. The points of view in solving these problems were studied, and methodological bases for the development of the industrial sector were developed. It is proposed to create in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya large centers of the oil and gas chemical industry, mining industry with non-ferrous metallurgy, industrial bases for the agro-drainage cycle of production, light and processing industries. The first priority should be the formation of the foundations of the market environment in industries. This process is currently taking place in two directions: the creation of new private, joint-stock and other forms of enterprises, as well as through the modernization of industries, the second priority area of economic reforms in industry should be the creation of enterprises that are technologically advanced and have the ability to produce innovative products; the third priority area is the development of infrastructure industries that produce life support products for the population and the service sector, as well as the creation of quickly recouped industrial enterprises that provide deep processing of agricultural raw materials and mineral resources.
Features of the Innovative Type of Economic Development
Authors: Shvaiba D.
Published: October 2020

The article identifies the innovative core of the new economy, develops the definition of creative capital, which is reflected in the works of a prominent Belarusian scientist, Dr. habil. Eleonora Lutokhina, and identifies problem areas in its development. The problem of personnel readiness for innovative work is considered. The “vicious circle” of the employee’s creative and innovative activity deficit is indicated.
Features and Trends of Development of the Digital Economy of Uzbekistan
Authors: Jiemuratov T. , Jenisbaev M.
Published: October 2020

The features and prerequisites for the development of the digital economy are highlighted. The factors of its significance for economic growth are determined. The fundamental element of the digital platform is the openness of its architecture. The creation of a single digital platform will allow the society to be involved in government management. A feature of the digital platform is the implementation of the freedom of movement of goods, services, capital and labor, as well as the implementation by the state of a unified policy in the sectors of the economy.
Reflection and Prevention of Ethno-Confessional Conflicts Within Russian Megapolis in the Works of Author and Popular Cinema
Authors: Kuzina N. , Kuzina L.
Published: October 2020

Present pandemics made all issues related to regulating the life of migrants with different mindset, language, culture as well as religious affiliation in megapolis utterly topical under conditions of closure of most of businesses and air traffic disruption. As the paper argues apart from new legislative measures, representations of the migrant’s image (the Other) and ethics of communication with migrant (the Other) in mass conscience previously emerged and built up in culture and most notably brought about by means on cinematic art, both documentary (including mass-media video production) and fiction film are of vital importance in avoiding the negative scenario. Representation of the migrant`s image and ethno-confessional conflicts is exemplified by the film “Ayka” by S. Dvortsevoy, TV-series “Here at our backyard” (1–2 seasons) by O. Muzaleva, “Salam, Mascow” by P. Bardin, “Zuleykha opens her eyes” by E. Anashkin, media project «In the cold» by K. Diodorova, documentary journalistic investigation “Piter. Metro. 3.4.17” by E. Zobnina and non-fiction information film “In Moscow in search of a living” (on behalf of MMC).
Psychological and Pedagogical Characteristics of Students’ Demands While Self-studying at the Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Yakovleva E.
Published: October 2020

In the conditions of rapid growth of new scientific and application information, the volume of knowledge that a graduate of a higher school has to master is constantly increasing. Educational standards, curricula, educational and methodological resources, textbooks and teaching aids despite being constantly reconsidered aren’t able to catch up with all the current changes. In this context a large gap between scientific achievements and the content of university courses arises which reduces the quality of training students. The solution to this contradiction is the development of students’ need for self-studying along with the improvement of the methodology and methods of teaching certain courses at the university. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical research and personal experience, the characteristics of three levels of students’ readiness for self-studying are revealed. Potentialities of teachers’ activity for the organization of students’ controlled cognitive activity are determined. It is proved that the need for independent acquisition of certain subject matter and modules of the course under study inevitably leads to a shift in priorities from memorizing and reproducing the acquired knowledge to their independent acquisition and mastering. Particular attention is drawn to the need for organizing independent laboratory research and virtual laboratory experiments in physics which provide supportive environment for the formation of students’ need for self-study.
Material Sources of Predynastic Egypt in the Context of the Concept of “Cultural Memory”
Authors: Sherkova T.
Published: October 2020

In the pre-written period, the main sources of cultural memory as an important basis for mytho-religious representations of classical ancient Egypt are the material sources: archaeological sites, pictorial texts, their compositions, motifs and images. The sample for analytical work is related to ritual objects. These include painted vessels of type C and D, polychrome panel from the elite burial in Hierakonpolis, slate palettes, funeral masks. The result of the research was the conclusion that these pictorial texts represent a model of the world. The image-symbolic language of pictorial texts reveals the structure of the universe, which in the written period was embodied in numerous myths and rituals.
History of Amu Darya Shipbuilding
Authors: Allamuratov Sh.
Published: October 2020

This article describes the history of the emergence and development of water transport on the Amu Darya waterway, their importance on the waterway, as well as the role of these vehicles in the transportation of commercial goods on the banks of the Amu Darya. In addition, the article analyzes such issues as the development of shipping, the construction of ships in the Bukhara Emirate and Khiva Khanates.
Poetical Works A. Aripov in Child Reading
Authors: Turdieva K.
Published: October 2020

Children’s literature is created not only by children’s writers and poets but also by writers and poets writing for adults. In this regard, well-known writers and poets of Uzbekistan played a significant role in enriching the fund of Uzbek children’s literature. And at the forefront of them is the Nation’s Poet, Nation’s Hero of Uzbekistan — Abdulla Aripov. The relevance of this article is studying the spiritual and moral values of the society in A. Aripov’s poetic works for children and adolescents. Purpose of the article: analysis of the philosophical focus of the presentation of the moral values of works. Research method: analytical. The object of research: the circle of poetry for children and adolescents. The importance of the research: attention to the spiritual and moral values in the works for children in Uzbek children’s poetry.
The Days of the Fathers: John Kennedy of Dingwall and the Writing of Highland Church History
Authors: Macleod Alasdair J.
Published: October 2020

Between 1843 and 1900, the evangelical Presbyterianism of the Highlands of Scotland diverged from that of Lowland Scotland. That divergence was chiefly the product of Lowland change, as southern evangelicals increasingly rejected Calvinistic theology, conservative practices in worship, and high views of Biblical inspiration. The essay addresses the question why this divergence occurred: why did the Highlands largely reject this course of change? This article argues for the significance of the historical writings of John Kennedy (1819–84), minister of Dingwall Free Church, the ‘Spurgeon of the Highlands’. In his book, The Days of the Fathers in Ross-shire (1861), Kennedy offered a commendatory if sentimental account of the history of a conceptualised Highland Church, which, by implication, challenged readers of his own day to uphold the same priorities. This article demonstrates that by his writing of history, Kennedy helped to guide the trajectory of evangelicalism in the Highlands in a conservative direction that emphasised personal piety, self-examination of religious experience, and theological orthodoxy, in consistency with the Highland ‘fathers’. Kennedy's work was influential in instilling a new confidence and cohesion in the Highland Church around its distinctive principles, in opposition to the course of Lowland evangelicalism. Finally, Kennedy's influence became evident in the divergence between Highland and Lowland evangelicalism, which led eventually to divisions in 1893 and 1900, when his heirs took up separate institutional forms, as the Free Presbyterian Church and continuing Free Church, to maintain these principles.
The Consequences of Fickle Federal Policy: Administrative Hurdles for State Cannabis Policies
Authors: Mallinson Daniel , Hannah Lee , Cunningham Gideon
Published: October 2020

Since the passage of the Controlled Substances Act (1970), the federal government has classified cannabis as a Schedule I drug with high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use. Meanwhile, state governments have taken action to approve the use of cannabis for medical and recreational purposes. These developments have made cannabis policies unique among other policies. Beyond the interesting questions about federalism, the starkly divergent approaches to cannabis regulation lead to administrative challenges for adopting states and the industry. Creating novel medical and recreational programs comes at a cost. We examine how the federal government’s rhetorical and procedural fickleness on cannabis policy has led to several downstream administrative consequences. We also discuss whether recent events like the coronavirus pandemic and more state adoptions can accelerate change at the federal level.
Angle-Dependent Absorption of Sound on Porous Materials
Authors: Cucharero Jose , Hänninen Tuomas , Lokki Tapio
Published: October 2020

Sound-absorbing materials are usually measured in a reverberation chamber (diffuse field condition) or in an impedance tube (normal sound incidence). In this paper, we show how angle-dependent absorption coefficients could be measured in a factory-type setting. The results confirm that the materials have different attenuation behavior to sound waves coming from different directions. Furthermore, the results are in good agreement with sound absorption coefficients measured for comparison in a reverberation room and in an impedance tube. In addition, we introduce a biofiber-based material that has similar sound absorption characteristics to glass-wool. The angle-dependent absorption coefficients are important information in material development and in room acoustics modeling.
Methylmercury-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Activation of the Cellular Protective System
Authors: Fujimura Masatake , Usuki Fusako
Published: October 2020

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known neurotoxicant that causes severe intoxication in humans. In Japan, it is referred to as Minamata disease, which involves two characteristic clinical forms: fetal type and adult type depending on the exposed age. In addition to MeHg burden level, individual susceptibility to MeHg plays a role in the manifestation of MeHg toxicity. Research progress has pointed out the importance of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of MeHg toxicity. MeHg has a high affinity for selenohydryl groups, sulfhydryl groups, and selenides. It has been clarified that such affinity characteristics cause the impairment of antioxidant enzymes and proteins, resulting in the disruption of antioxidant systems. Furthermore, MeHg-induced intracellular selenium deficiency due to the greater affinity of MeHg for selenohydryl groups and selenides leads to failure in the recoding of a UGA codon for selenocysteine and results in the degradation of antioxidant selenoenzyme mRNA by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. The defect of antioxidant selenoenzyme replenishment exacerbates MeHg-mediated oxidative stress. On the other hand, it has also been revealed that MeHg can directly activate the antioxidant Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. This review summarizes the incidence of MeHg-mediated oxidative stress from the viewpoint of the individual intracellular redox system interactions and the MeHg-mediated aforementioned intracellular events. In addition, the mechanisms of cellular stress pathways and neuronal cell death triggered by MeHg-mediated oxidative stress and direct interactions of MeHg with reactive residues of proteins are mentioned.
Necroptosis in Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer: New Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Negroni Anna , Colantoni Eleonora , Cucchiara Salvatore , Stronati Laura
Published: October 2020

Necroptosis is a caspases-independent programmed cell death displaying intermediate features between necrosis and apoptosis. Albeit some physiological roles during embryonic development such tissue homeostasis and innate immune response are documented, necroptosis is mainly considered a pro-inflammatory cell death. Key actors of necroptosis are the receptor-interacting-protein-kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3, and their target, the mixed-lineage-kinase-domain-like protein, MLKL. The intestinal epithelium has one of the highest rates of cellular turnover in a process that is tightly regulated. Altered necroptosis at the intestinal epithelium leads to uncontrolled microbial translocation and deleterious inflammation. Indeed, necroptosis plays a role in many disease conditions and inhibiting necroptosis is currently considered a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of necroptosis as well as its involvement in human diseases. We also discuss the present developing therapies that target necroptosis machinery.