bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reform and Practice of Cultivation Mode of Top Talents in Product Design Specialty under the Background of Industry-Teaching Integration
Authors: Ye Dehui , Tan Yuanyuan , Wang Shana
Published: November 2024

In the wave of globalization and informationization, the demand for top talents in the field
of product design is increasingly urgent. This study delves into the reform path of cultivating top
talent in product design against the backdrop of industry-teaching integration, addressing issues
with weak practical teaching, lagging curriculum content, and a lack of practical experience among
teachers in the field of product design education. The study clarifies the connotation of
industry-teaching integration and its application value in product design education, and then, based
on the theory of cultivation of top-notch talents, puts forward a multi-dimensional reform plan such
as optimization of the curriculum system, strengthening of practical teaching, construction of the
platform for industry-teaching integration and construction of the teaching staff, which provides
valuable references to the educational reform of other related majors
Research on Interaction Effect Between Rural Roads and Peasants' Income Based on Granger Causality Test
Authors: Zhou Yiyan , Qiao Rui
Published: November 2024

This study aims to address the lack of methods for adjusting the scale of online ride
hailing capacity. Taking G city as an example, a dynamic monitoring index system for the scale of
online ride hailing capacity is constructed by comprehensively considering factors such as order
volume, driver labor hours and income levels, and the operation status of the taxi market. Pearson
correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression methods are applied to screen the indicators, and key indicators and threshold standards for the dynamic adjustment mechanism of online ride
hailing capacity are proposed, providing theoretical basis and decision support for the adjustment of
urban online ride hailing capacity scale
Climate Change and Global Health: An Interconnected Review
Authors:   Wheatley Research Consultancy, Bagley, Minnesota, USA, Wheatley Mary
Published: November 2024

This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted impacts of climate change on global health, emphasizing the interconnectedness of environmental changes with vector-borne diseases, food security, and public health structures. As global temperatures rise and climatic patterns shift, there is an increased prevalence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Zika, which are profoundly influenced by altered environmental conditions that favor vector proliferation and extend their geographical range. Simultaneously, food security is severely threatened as climate change impacts crop yields, livestock health, and fisheries, essential components of the global food supply chain. The review further discusses public health responses, detailing both the existing health risks exacerbated by climate change and the strategic adaptations that countries have implemented to mitigate these risks. Through an examination of various national and global strategies, from improved surveillance systems to disaster preparedness and adaptive agricultural practices, the article highlights the necessity for integrated research, policymaking, and practice to address these global challenges. It calls for enhanced international cooperation and innovation to effectively manage the health effects of climate change, ensuring a resilient approach to safeguarding global health in the face of environmental uncertainties.
Az újrahálózás paramétereinek vizsgálata a reverse engineering folyamat során
Authors: Borbás Lajos , Hlinka József , Ficzere Péter
Published: November 2024

The spread of additive manufacturing technologies in industry is becoming increasingly common, especially with the advancement of Industry 4.0. These technologies enable the rapid and efficient production of components, but also demand a higher level of quality from the manufactured products. Layer-by-layer construction methods result in an anisotropic material model, which complicates the sizing of components. Although the subject has been studied by many, less attention has been paid to surface anisotropy. This problem can be due to the file conversion process or the staircase effect caused by the technology. Manufacturing parameters such as layer thickness and orientation also affect surface quality. This study presents the effect of the reverse engineering step setting used during re-measurement on surface quality.
Review of risk analysis of hydrogen powered cars
Authors: Bencs Péter , Nagy Nóra
Published: November 2024

This research presents the methods used for risk assessment of hydrogen vehicles. The design of hydrogen powered vehicles should be prioritized to ensure a safe powertrain (lowest risk). Vehicles should be usable under normal conditions in everyday life, and the risk to the user should be minimized. A literature review has shown that the greatest risk in the use of hydrogen powered vehicles is hydrogen leakage. Hydrogen leakage can occur in fuel systems (tanks, pipings), and risk assessment methods should be applied to address this issue. In the future, green hydrogen vehicles will play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but safe operation will also be an important requirement. The risk assessment procedures under consideration will support the future application of this new technology.
Napelem hőterjedés vizsgálata elektromos paramétereinek a meghatározásához
Authors: Nagy Ádám , Bodnár István , Kovács Endre
Published: November 2024

Heat transfer processes in a photovoltaic (PV) silicon solar panel are simulated under standard circumstances. A model containing an intricate treatment of the incoming solar radiation, long-wave radiation, conduction, convection, and electrical power output is developed in mathematical form. To solve heat transfer problems, recent explicit numerical methods are utilized by our research group, which are efficient for different real-life problems, for example, simulating heat transfer in photovoltaic panels. Since very realistic results are obtained for the temperature of the silicon layer and the dependent electrical variables such as the power output, one can conclude that our model can adequately predict the electrical quantities.
Szerkezetoptimálási példa egy újrafelhasználható szeizmikus keretváz aktív nyírási elemének tervezésére
Authors: Jármai Károly , Hasanali Maryam , Andisheh Kaveh
Published: November 2024

A körkörös tervezés olyan kreatív építési technikákat alkalmaz, amelyek könnyen szétszerelhetők, újrahasznosíthatók vagy újrahasznosíthatók, ha hasznos élettartamuk lejárt. Ez a munka a szeizmikus vázszerkezetek tervezésénél alkalmazott újrafelhasználható tervezési esettanulmányi megközelítésre összpontosít, amelyet az új-zélandi acélvázas szerkezeteknél gyakran alkalmaznak. A kutatás egy újrafelhasználható, optimált tervezést kínált a teljes szeizmikus vázra. Ez a tanulmány a nyírószilárdságoptimálást mutatja be és valósítja meg. Ha a hegesztett szerkezeti méreteket optimálják, akár a tömeg, akár a költségek szempontjából, a felhasznált acél súlya csökken. Ez a súlycsökkenés azonnal korrelál a környezeti hatás csökkenésével, mivel a környezeti hatás pontosan arányos a szerkezet tömegével.
Csigahajtómű rekonstrukciója 3D nyomtatás segítségével – esettanulmány
Authors: Sarka Ferenc , Almási Péter
Published: November 2024

In the article, we present the reconstruction process of the worm wheel of a two-stage worm gear drive. The process is divided into several stages, which are as follows: discovering the cause of the damage, determining existing dimensions, determining missing data, building the model in the CAD system, creating a profile curve, 3D printing, testing. Based on the results of the testing, it became necessary to create a profile shifted version of the worm wheel.
Hatékonyságjavítás napelemeknél infravörös visszaverő fóliák alkalmazásával a perc technológiában
Authors: Szalánczi Dávid , Bencs Péter
Published: November 2024

This study examines the temperature-dependent efficiency degradation of different solar panel technologies (traditional, PERC, PERC + UV reflective foil) in a simulated environment. Using Simulink software, we modeled the behavior of these technologies on a hot August day in Miskolc, with an external temperature of 30-35°C and solar radiation intensity of 950-1050 W/m². The results show that PERC + UV technology significantly reduced panel temperatures, thereby slowing efficiency loss, particularly in hot climates. Compared to traditional solar panels, the PERC technology panels operated at lower temperatures, improving energy efficiency and extending their lifespan.
Melek Trompeti Alımı Sonrası Gelişen Antikolinerjik Zehirlenme Olgusu
Authors: Göktuğ Aytaç , Esen Besli Gülser
Published: November 2024

Bitkisel kaynaklı antikolinerjik zehirlenmeler, antikolinerjik toksidromun iyi tanımlanmış bir nedeni olsa da acil servis başvurularının nadir bir nedenidir. Antikolinerjik bitkiler içerdikleri skopalamin, atropin ve hiyosiyamin gibi alkoloidler nedeniyle hastalarda antikolinerjik bulgulara neden olmaktadır. Melek Trompeti (Brugmansia), Solanacea familyasına ait olup, büyük miktarda alkaloid içeren bir süs bitkisidir. Bu yazıda melek trompeti bitkisinin çiçeğini yedikten sonra antikolinerjik belirtiler ile acil servise getirilen bir çocuk hasta sunulacaktır.
Mendeley Desktop Nasıl Kullanılır? Daha Fazlası İçin www.citehub.net
Authors: Esgin Metin
Published: November 2024

Kaynakça yönetim yazılımı Mendeley Desktop özellikle tez ve makale yazan yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrencileri, akademik personeller, ar-ge çalışanları, yazarlar ve yazılarında atıf ve kaynakça ihtiyacı duyan kişiler tarafından kullanılmaktadır. Mendeley Desktop atıf ve kaynakça işlemleriyle bağlantılı olan referans kaydetme, yedekleme, başka bir kaynakça yönetim yazılımındaki referans kütüphanesini içeri aktarma, referansları ve referanslara ait dosyaları düzenlenme gibi işlevlere sahiptir.
Uso de la minería de datos para la prevención de fraudes en el sector financiero
Authors: Erazo-Luzuriaga Alex Fernando
Published: November 2024

Data mining has become a crucial tool to prevent fraud in the financial sector, where economic losses are significant, and fraud is increasingly complex due to the increase of digital transactions. This article reviews the existing literature on the use of data mining in fraud detection, analyzing methodologies such as classification algorithms, anomaly detection and deep learning models. The results indicate that these techniques improve the identification of suspicious transactions in real time, providing an early and accurate response that reduces financial losses. However, implementation faces challenges such as technology costs, the need for trained personnel, and compliance with data privacy regulations. In addition, challenges are identified in the adaptability of models to emerging fraud tactics and the quality of the data used. In conclusion, although data mining is a promising solution for financial security, its success depends on a robust infrastructure, specialized personnel and adequate data management.
El resultado de la inteligencia emocional en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: García-Peña Víctor René
Published: November 2024

El estudio analiza el impacto de la inteligencia emocional (IE) en el rendimiento académico (RA) de estudiantes de secundaria, considerando la relevancia de las competencias emocionales en el entorno escolar. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica, se recopilaron datos de investigaciones en bases como Scopus y Web of Science, enfocándose en estudios publicados en la última década. Los resultados destacan que la IE mejora el manejo del estrés, la regulación emocional y la resiliencia, lo que contribuye positivamente al desempeño académico. Además, factores como el apoyo social, las diferencias de género y el nivel socioeconómico actúan como moderadores en esta relación, subrayando la variabilidad del impacto de la IE según el contexto. El análisis revela que estudiantes con mayor IE tienen mejores calificaciones y enfrentan con éxito los desafíos escolares. Las mujeres tienden a sobresalir en habilidades como la empatía y la autorregulación, mientras que los hombres muestran fortalezas en autoeficacia. Se concluye que la integración de la IE en los programas educativos podría potenciar el éxito académico, reducir las desigualdades y promover un desarrollo estudiantil integral. Este enfoque sugiere la necesidad de diseñar estrategias adaptadas a las características individuales y contextuales para maximizar los beneficios de la IE en el ámbito educativo.
The agreement of panoramic radiography with cone-beam computed tomography in classifying impacted lower third molars: a systematic review
Authors: Mubarak Husni , Tajrin Andi , Nurwaida
Published: November 2024

Background: This systematic review aimed to determine whether cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiography (PR) yield consistent results in determining the degree of impacted lower third molar teeth based on existing classification parameters.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and PLOS One, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additionally, a manual search was also carried out. There were no restrictions on publication dates, allowing a broader scope of literature. Only articles published in English were eligible for inclusion. Furthermore, all studies that compared the outcomes of CBCT and panoramic images concerning the position of impacted teeth, according to the Winter and the Pell & Gregory classifications, were included.Results: Four studies met the inclusion criteria. One study used the Pell & Gregory classification to assess differences, finding a significant result (P< 0.001). Two studies used both the Winter and the Pell & Gregory classifications. In these assessments, one study found no significant differences in the Winter classification (p= 1.000) or the Pell & Gregory assessment (p= 0.500). However, another study identified significant differences using both the winter and the Pell & Gregory classifications (P< 0.001). One study conducted an assessment using only Winter classification and found no significant differences between PR and CBCT (P> 0.05).Conclusion: There are inter-modality differences in the agreement concerning the degree of impaction of the third molar when using CBCT compared with panoramic imaging across various classification levels. Improved assessment methods are necessary to determine the most appropriate imaging modality for therapeutic management.
Prevalence of neurological symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rendeiro Júlio Araújo , Rodrigues Cesar Augusto Medeiros Paiva , Costa Nathalia Lima , Silva Marianne Lucena da , Silva Tatiane Bahia do Vale , Dias Caroline Prudente , Rocha Larissa Salgado de Oliveira , Rocha Rodrigo Santiago Barbosa , Cunha Katiane da Costa
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The novel coronavirus, dubbed SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19 disease, was detected on December 31, 2019, in Wuhan, China. Objective: To perform a systematic review with a meta-analysis about the prevalence of headache and myalgia in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: High-sensitivity research was conducted on the main platforms (Medline by PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), and Cochrane Library). The entire versions of the manuscripts were analyzed by three independent researchers, and only observational studies describing the symptoms of the selected sample were included. Results: 1,782 studies were identified, which were submitted to exclusion criteria, remaining only 62 manuscripts to do qualitative synthesis and metanalysis. Of the 28,412 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2, 12% (95% CI 9% - 16%) presented headache and 19% (95% CI 14% - 24%) presented myalgia, both with statistical significance and high heterogeneity (I2=97.0%, p<0.01 and I2=98.0%, p<0.01, respectively). Conclusion: It was noticed that headache and myalgia were the most ordinary neurological symptoms, but it is important to emphasize the prevalence of symptoms in different degrees of severity of the patients.
Surface charging characteristics of rotating asteroids in the solar system
Authors: Song Zhi-Ying , Quan Rong-Hui , Liu Zhi-Gui ,   College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
Published: November 2024

The attachment and movement of charged particles in the space plasma environment can result in observable potentials on the asteroid surface. This surface charging phenomenon has been extensively studied. However, so far, the influence of asteroid rotation on surface charging and the surrounding plasma has not yet been fully understood. Traditional methods using numerical integration and PIC have slow computation speeds, and mainly focus on the charging mechanisms of static asteroids. In this study, we establish a multi-scale model based on neural networks and the finite element method, thereby improving simulation efficiency and enabling three-dimensional dynamic simulations of rotating asteroids. Simulation results for asteroids with different rotation periods indicate that both the maximum surface potential and the minimum surface potential decrease as the rotation period increases. The minimum potential on the nightside decreases from –4.96 V with one-hour period to –5.97 V with one-week period. For asteroids with longer periods, this downward trend slows down: the period increases from one week to half a year, resulting in a potential change of 0.001 V. Because strong electric field near the the terminator accelerates electrons and ions, electrons respond more promptly to the electric field, owing to their much higher mobility and diffusion coefficient, exhibiting a more severe accumulation phenomenon than ions, resulting in the decrease of the surface potential. This phenomenon is most pronounced when the solar wind is obliquely incident, where the subsolar point is close to the terminator, resulting in the strongest electric field. When the period exceeds one week, this downward trend becomes less pronounced, specifically, the asteroid and plasma have enough time to reach equilibrium at various angles. During the passage of solar storms, there is a significant change in surface potential at different stages, with potential difference caused by rotation periods reaching hundreds of volts. Surface minerals also play a role, with plagioclase being the most sensitive mineral in the exploration, while ilmenite seems indifferent to changes in rotation periods. Understanding the surface charging of asteroids under various rotation periods and angles is crucial for further studying the solar wind plasma and the motion of asteroid’s surface dust, providing a reference for achieving safe landing and exploration of asteroids.
Quantum enhanced solution method for platform clustering grouping based on quantum K-means
Authors: He Yi , Zheng Kou-Quan , Jing Feng , Zhang Yi-Jun , Wang Xun , Liu Ying , Zhao Le ,   Experimental Training Base, National University of Defense Technology, Xi’an 710106, China,   Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Network Military-Civil Joint Construction, Xi’an 710106, China
Published: November 2024

The paper proposes a quantum enhanced solution method based on quantum K-means for platform clustering and grouping in joint operations campaigns. The method first calculates the number of categories for platform clustering based on the determined number of task clusters, and sets the number of clustering categories in the classical K-means algorithm. By using the location information of the tasks, the clustering center points are calculated and derived. Secondly, the Euclidean distance is used as an indicator to measure the distance between the platform data and each cluster center point. The platform data are quantized and transformed into their corresponding quantum state representations. According to theoretical derivation, the Euclidean distance solution is transformed into the quantum state inner product solution. By designing and constructing a universal quantum state inner product solution quantum circuit, the Euclidean distance solution is completed. Then, based on the sum of squared errors of the clustering dataset, the corresponding quantum circuits are constructed through calculation and deduction. The experimental results show that compared with the classical K-means algorithm, the proposed method not only effectively solves the platform clustering and grouping problem on such action scales, but also significantly reduces the time and space complexity of the algorithm.
Discriminating neural ensemble patterns through dendritic computations in randomly connected feedforward networks
Authors: Somashekar Bhanu Priya , Bhalla Upinder Singh
Published: November 2024

Co-active or temporally ordered neural ensembles are a signature of salient sensory, motor, and cognitive events. Local convergence of such patterned activity as synaptic clusters on dendrites could help single neurons harness the potential of dendritic nonlinearities to decode neural activity patterns. We combined theory and simulations to assess the likelihood of whether projections from neural ensembles could converge onto synaptic clusters even in networks with random connectivity. Using rat hippocampal and cortical network statistics, we show that clustered convergence of axons from 3-4 different co-active ensembles is likely even in randomly connected networks, leading to representation of arbitrary input combinations in at least ten target neurons in a 100,000 population. In the presence of larger ensembles, spatiotemporally ordered convergence of 3-5 axons from temporally ordered ensembles is also likely. These active clusters result in higher neuronal activation in the presence of strong dendritic nonlinearities and low background activity. We mathematically and computationally demonstrate a tight interplay between network connectivity, spatiotemporal scales of subcellular electrical and chemical mechanisms, dendritic nonlinearities, and uncorrelated background activity. We suggest that dendritic clustered and sequence computation is pervasive, but its expression as somatic selectivity requires confluence of physiology, background activity, and connectomics.
Mesenchymal Meis2 controls whisker development independently from trigeminal sensory innervation
Authors: Kaplan Mehmet Mahsum , Hudacova Erika , Matejcek Miroslav , Tuaima Haneen , Krivanek Jan , Machon Ondrej
Published: November 2024

Hair follicle development is initiated by reciprocal molecular interactions between the placode-forming epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme. Cell fate transformation in dermal fibroblasts generates cell niche for placode induction by activation of signaling pathways WNT, EDA and FGF in epithelium. These successive paracrine epithelial signals initiate dermal condensation in the underlying mesenchyme. Although epithelial signaling from the placode to mesenchyme is better described, little is known about primary mesenchymal signals resulting in placode induction. Here we show that
Meis2
expression in cells derived from the neural crest is critical for whisker formation, and also for branching of trigeminal nerves. While whisker formation is independent of the trigeminal sensory innervation, MEIS2 in mesenchymal dermal cells orchestrates initial steps of epithelial placode formation and subsequent dermal condensation. MEIS2 regulates the expression of transcription factor
Foxd1
which is typical of pre-dermal condensation. However, deletion of
Foxd1
does not affect whisker development. Overall, our data report an early role of mesenchymal MEIS2 during whisker formation and provide evidence that whiskers can normally develop in the absence of sensory innervation or FOXD1 expression.
Proactive distractor suppression in early visual cortex
Authors: Richter David , van Moorselaar Dirk , Theeuwes Jan
Published: November 2024

Avoiding distraction by salient yet irrelevant stimuli is critical when accomplishing daily tasks. One possible mechanism to accomplish this is by suppressing stimuli that may be distracting such that they no longer compete for attention. While the behavioral benefits of distractor suppression are well-established, its neural underpinnings are not yet fully understood. In an fMRI study, we examined whether and how sensory responses in early visual areas show signs of distractor suppression after incidental learning of spatial statistical regularities. Participants were exposed to an additional singleton task where, unbeknownst to them, one location more frequently contained a salient distractor. We analyzed whether visual responses in terms of fMRI BOLD were modulated by this distractor predictability. Our findings indicate that implicit spatial priors shape sensory processing even at the earliest stages of cortical visual processing, evident in early visual cortex as a suppression of stimuli at locations which frequently contained distracting information. Notably, while this suppression was spatially (receptive field) specific, it did extend to nearby neutral locations, and occurred regardless of whether distractors, nontarget items or targets were presented at this location, suggesting that suppression arises before stimulus identification. Crucially, we observed similar spatially specific neural suppression even if search was only anticipated, but no search display was presented. Our results highlight proactive modulations in early visual cortex, where potential distractions are suppressed preemptively, before stimulus onset, based on learned expectations. Combined, our study underscores how the brain leverages implicitly learned prior knowledge to optimize sensory processing and attention allocation.
Cellular evolution of the hypothalamic preoptic area of behaviorally divergent deer mice
Authors: Chen Jenny , Richardson Phoebe R , Kirby Christopher , Eddy Sean R , Hoekstra Hopi E
Published: November 2024

Genetic variation is known to contribute to the variation of animal social behavior, but the molecular mechanisms that lead to behavioral differences are still not fully understood. Here, we investigate the cellular evolution of the hypothalamic preoptic area (POA), a brain region that plays a critical role in social behavior, across two sister species of deer mice (
Peromyscus maniculatus
and
P. polionotus
) with divergent social systems. These two species exhibit large differences in mating and parental care behavior across species and sex. Using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing, we build a cellular atlas of the POA for males and females of both
Peromyscus
species. We identify four cell types that are differentially abundant across species, two of which may account for species differences in parental care behavior based on known functions of these cell types. Our data further implicate two sex-biased cell types to be important for the evolution of sex-specific behavior. Finally, we show a remarkable reduction of sex-biased gene expression in
P. polionotus
, a monogamous species that also exhibits reduced sexual dimorphism in parental care behavior. Our POA atlas is a powerful resource to investigate how molecular neuronal traits may be evolving to give rise to innate differences in social behavior across animal species.
Homeostatic synaptic normalization optimizes learning in network models of neural population codes
Authors: Mayzel Jonathan , Schneidman Elad
Published: November 2024

Studying and understanding the code of large neural populations hinge on accurate statistical models of population activity. A novel class of models, based on learning to weigh sparse non-linear Random Projections (RP) of the population, has demonstrated high accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. Importantly, these RP models have a clear and biologically-plausible implementation as shallow neural networks. We present a new class of RP models that are learned by optimizing the randomly selected sparse projections themselves. This “reshaping” of projections is akin to changing synaptic connections in just one layer of the corresponding neural circuit model. We show that Reshaped RP models are more accurate and efficient than the standard RP models in recapitulating the code of tens of cortical neurons from behaving monkeys. Incorporating more biological features and utilizing synaptic normalization in the learning process, results in accurate models that are more efficient. Remarkably, these models exhibit homeostasis in firing rates and total synaptic weights of projection neurons. We further show that these sparse homeostatic reshaped RP models outperform fully connected neural network models. Thus, our new scalable, efficient, and highly accurate population code models are not only biologically-plausible but are actually optimized due to their biological features. These findings suggest a dual functional role of synaptic normalization in neural circuits: maintaining spiking and synaptic homeostasis while concurrently optimizing network performance and efficiency in encoding information and learning.
Electrophysiological dynamics of salience, default mode, and frontoparietal networks during episodic memory formation and recall revealed through multi-experiment iEEG replication
Authors: Das Anup , Menon Vinod
Published: November 2024

Dynamic interactions between large-scale brain networks underpin human cognitive processes, but their electrophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. The triple network model, encompassing the salience network (SN), default mode network (DMN), and frontoparietal network (FPN), provides a framework for understanding these interactions. We analyzed intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) recordings from 177 participants across four diverse episodic memory experiments, each involving encoding as well as recall phases. Phase transfer entropy analysis revealed consistently higher directed information flow from the anterior insula (AI), a key SN node, to both DMN and FPN nodes. This directed influence was significantly stronger during memory tasks compared to resting state, highlighting the AI’s task-specific role in coordinating large-scale network interactions. This pattern persisted across externally driven memory encoding and internally governed free recall. Control analyses using the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) showed an inverse pattern, with DMN and FPN exerting higher influence on IFG, underscoring the AI’s unique role. We observed task-specific suppression of high-gamma power in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus node of the DMN during memory encoding, but not recall. Crucially, these results were replicated across all four experiments spanning verbal and spatial memory domains with high Bayes replication factors. Our findings advance understanding of how coordinated neural network interactions support memory processes, highlighting the AI’s critical role in orchestrating large-scale brain network dynamics during both memory encoding and retrieval. By elucidating the electrophysiological basis of triple network interactions in episodic memory, our study provides insights into neural circuit dynamics underlying memory function and offer a framework for investigating network disruptions in memory-related disorders.
Unanticipated mechanisms of covalent inhibitor and synthetic ligand cobinding to PPARγ
Authors: Shang Jinsai , Kojetin Douglas J
Published: November 2024

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor transcription factor that regulates gene expression programs in response to ligand binding. Endogenous and synthetic ligands, including covalent antagonist inhibitors GW9662 and T0070907, are thought to compete for the orthosteric pocket in the ligand-binding domain (LBD). However, we previously showed that synthetic PPARγ ligands can cooperatively cobind with and reposition a bound endogenous orthosteric ligand to an alternate site, synergistically regulating PPARγ structure and function (Shang et al., 2018). Here, we reveal the structural mechanism of cobinding between a synthetic covalent antagonist inhibitor with other synthetic ligands. Biochemical and NMR data show that covalent inhibitors weaken—but do not prevent—the binding of other ligands via an allosteric mechanism, rather than direct ligand clashing, by shifting the LBD ensemble toward a transcriptionally repressive conformation, which structurally clashes with orthosteric ligand binding. Crystal structures reveal different cobinding mechanisms including alternate site binding to unexpectedly adopting an orthosteric binding mode by altering the covalent inhibitor binding pose. Our findings highlight the significant flexibility of the PPARγ orthosteric pocket, its ability to accommodate multiple ligands, and demonstrate that GW9662 and T0070907 should not be used as chemical tools to inhibit ligand binding to PPARγ.
Systemic acquired resistance inducing chemicals mitigate black scurf disease in potato by activating defense-related enzymes
Authors: Buswal Manoj Kumar , Punia Rakesh , Kumar Mukesh , Tiwari Rahul Kumar , Lal Milan Kumar , Kumar Ravinder
Published: November 2024

The potato, being an underground vegetable crop, faces consistent threats from soil- and tuber-borne fungal and bacterial pathogens. Black scurf and stem canker disease caused by the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is a critical global concern in the potato cultivation system. In this study, we evaluated the disease mitigation potential of five systemic acquired resistance-inducing chemicals viz., salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, β-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Two common methods, tuber dipping and foliar spray, were utilized in this experiment to evaluate pathogen inhibition on inoculated tubers. The results revealed that all the systemic acquired resistance inducing chemicals were effective in disease suppression in a concentration-dependent manner compared to an inoculated control. Significant differences (P < 0.005) were evident among the various treatment combinations, with salicylic acid being the most effective in alleviating black scurf disease. Maximum reduction in disease incidence compared to the control was observed with salicylic acid (57.89% and 73.68%), followed by jasmonic acid (52.63% and 65.78%) and H2O2 (49.99% and 60.52%) under the tuber dipping treatment combinations. Whereas, in the foliar application, the maximum reduction in disease incidence compared to the control was observed with salicylic acid (44.73 and 63.15%), followed by jasmonic acid (42.10 and 60.52%) and H2O2 (39.46 and 52.63%). The tuber dipping treatments were significantly more efficacious (P < 0.005) compared to foliar spray for all treatment combinations. The biochemical analysis of defense-related enzymes and metabolites demonstrated the induced resistance activation under these treatments. The activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenyl ammonia-lyase was significantly higher in treated tubers as compared to inoculated and uninoculated control. The total phenol content was also elevated in treated tubers as compared to the respective control. Altogether, these resistance-inducing chemicals can be successfully included in integrated disease management programs.
Systemic immune-inflammation index as an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy: a retrospective, single-center study
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Fang Yuan , Weng Mengjie , Chen Caiming , Xu Yanfang , Wan Jianxin
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was an indicator which could reflect immune response and systemic inflammation. We aim to explore the relationship between SII and diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods

SII was calculated as neutrophil count × platelet count/lymphocyte count. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnosis power of SII. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were conducted to assess SII as the risk factor for DN. A restricted cubic spline model was carried out to show the nonlinear association between SII and DN.

Results

Two hundred participants were enrolled, with an average age of 56.6 ± 13.4 years; 54% participants were categorized as DN. Spearman association analysis showed SII was positive associated with increased urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and serum creatinine, while negative associated with eGFR and serum albumin. The ROC curve revealed that the maximum area under the curve (AUC) was 0.761 (95% CI, 0.694-0.828, P < 0.001). After univariate and multivariate logistic analysis, SII (OR=1.004, P = 0.002) and serum creatinine (OR=1.146, P < 0.001) were risk factors for the occurrence of DN, while age (OR=0.920, P = 0.011) and serum albumin (OR=0.708, P < 0.001) were protective factors for the occurrence of DN. The restricted cubic spline model showed that there was a significant nonlinear association between DN incidence and continuous SII value when it exceeded 624*10 $\hat {}$ 9/L.

Conclusion

SII is a novel diagnostic biomarker which is independently associated with DN. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to validate our findings before SII can be considered a reliable diagnostic or prognostic tool for DN.
The workings and translatability of metaphors in eleven “Hadith”
Authors: Almutairi Mashael , Zohra Benneghrouzi Fatima , Zitouni Mimouna
Published: November 2024

A penetrative analysis of the workings and translatability of metaphors in prophet Mohamed’s accounts (henceforth al- Hadith) may reveal important insights into the way metaphors are construed. For the employment of metaphor in al- Hadith is of a great merit and simply cannot be sidestepped. In this spirit, the present paper is steeped in three frames of reference, namely (1) Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980), Fauconnier and Turner’s (2002), Coulson and Oakley’s (2005) and Sperber and Wilson’s (1995); (2) Jones and Estes’s (2006), and (3) Newmark’s (1981) and Schaffner (2004). Relevant to this, among the strong aims of this paper is to outline the application of the patterns underlying metaphor production, comprehension and eventually translation to eleven Hadith. Thus, the forthcoming analysis bears a two-folded aim as it unfolds triggers that allow us to see how metaphor production and comprehension might be computed and, accordingly, offers insights into the practicalities of translating metaphor in al- Hadith when conceptual entrenchment becomes one significant trait of the processing of those metaphors. Within the confinement of this idea, we come to conclude that translatability is likely to obtain when these metaphorical expressions are underlain by similar conceptual or experiential domains or are bound up by a sort of correlation that renders relevance, and that the reasons behind metaphor use in al- Hadith transcend rhetorical considerations by constitutively (re)shaping and (re)defining many of the values and beliefs operating in the individual and social-making enterprise, allowing, thereby, for metaphor in al- Hadith to fall roughly under the banner of conceptual, even more, constructive metaphor.
Alternativa ao desenvolvimento?
Authors: Vilani Rodrigo Machado , Pinto Vicente Paulo dos Santos
Published: November 2024

O turismo é apontado pela Ecologia Política Latino-americana como uma atividade que pode contribuir para a transição pós-extrativista. O artigo tem por objetivo discutir o turismo em terras indígenas como uma das alternativas ao desenvolvimento no Brasil. Foram analisados os planos de visitação protocolados junto à Fundação Nacional dos Povos Indígenas. Uma vez que a discussão acerca do turismo como alternativa ao desenvolvimento é tema pouco explorado no Brasil, optou-se por uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa para reconstruir e compreender a realidade com foco nos conflitos e ameaças do neoextrativismo às terras indígenas. Constatou-se que o turismo tem se apresentado não apenas como uma alternativa ao desenvolvimento, mas também como forma de resistência e defesa dos territórios. A Ecologia Política do Turismo pode contribuir para o movimento de resistência e defesa dos direitos territoriais dos povos originários do Brasil.
Assessing the Feasibility and Impact of a Remote Participatory Video Program Aiming to Reduce Stigma Surrounding the Therapeutic Use of Cannabis Among People With Mental Disorders
Authors: Whitley Rob , Arias Karen
Published: November 2024

Evidence suggests that people who use cannabis therapeutically for mental health reasons can experience a double-stigma. This implies the need for educational interventions to shift public attitudes. Thus, we set out to assess the feasibility and impact of a remote participatory video project aiming to reduce associated stigma. We trained a small workgroup with lived experience, who successfully produced three educational documentaries about different aspects of medical cannabis and mental health. Data collected through a survey and focus groups indicated that the videos educated viewers and reduced associated stigma. This suggests that remote participatory video is a promising anti-stigma intervention.
Nutrients Composition of Acha Base Complementary Food Supplemented with Soybean and Sweet Potato Flour
Authors: I.A. Alebiosu,
Published: November 2024

Poor complementary food and feeding had been shown to increase the morbidity and mortality among under-five children in developing countries in which Nigeria is not exempted. This study aimed at evaluating the Nutrients Composition of Acha -Based complementary food supplemented with soybean and sweet potato flour. Raw materials used for the formulated of the complementary were purchased from Erekesan market in Akure Local Government Area of Ondo State. Five (5) samples were formulated in different ratios of Acha (100:70:60:50:40), Soyabean (20:25:30:35) and Orange flesh sweet potato (10:15:20:25). Samples were subjected to chemical and instrumental analysis in line with standard method. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA to test for the significant difference among means (P<0.05) using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 22).  Finding shows that Moisture, crude fibre, and carbohydrate was significantly (p<0.05) higher in sample Awhile, Sample E was significantly (p<0.05) higher protein (18.42%) and fat (12.40%) compared to other formulated samples. The Moisture, crude fibre, and CHO was significantly (p<0.05) decreases with decreased in the quantity of Acha use in the formulation of the CFs while crude fat, Ash and protein increases with increase in the quantity of soybean incorporated in the formulations. Sample E is significantly (P<0.05) higher in vitamin B1, B3 and B9 compared with sample A. vitamin B1, B3 and B9  increases with increase in the quantity of soybean and OFSP. All the samples have appreciable amount of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium but, zinc and iron was low in the entire sample. Sample E was exceptional in all the minerals but significantly (p<0.05) lower in Zinc and iron. The mean sensory scores revealed that sample C was different in after taste, flavour, mouth feel, colour and overall acceptability. The mean scores increase with increase in the proportion of soybean and potato in the formulated complementary food samples in terms of all the sensory attributes tested. The scores showed that sample C had the highest acceptability by the panelists. The complementary foods had improved nutrients that can support optimal nutrition of undernourished children and other older people.
Line x Tester Analysis of Combing Ability for Seed Yield and Its Contributing Traits in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
Authors: Meena B. L. , Koli N. R. , Padra Narendra
Published: November 2024

Hybridization in Line x Tester mating design was conducted with seven lines and three diverse testers in soybean to understand the nature of gene action, combining ability of the parents (gca) and to assess the potential for the exploitation of heterosis (sca) in hybrids. Data on eleven quantitative characters viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length (cm), 100-seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g), biological yield per plant (g) and harvest index (%) were collected on 21 hybrids and their 10 parents. The ratio of GCA variance to SCA variance is less than unity indicated that non additive genetic effects were predominant for control of most of the seed yield and its attributing characters. Among the lines, AUKS 238, RKS 18, RVS 2011-10 were found high gca effects which are use as general combiner parents for enhancing yield potential by assembling the favourable genes and crosses with sca effects such as AUKS 224 x JS 20-98 and RVS 2011-10 x NRC 150 were found to be superior for seed yield and yield components. These crosses may be utilized for heterosis breeding as well as for isolating the superior recombinants in advance generation for seed yield.
Synergistic Effects of Seed Inoculation with Piriformospora indica and Foliar Hormonal Application on Early Flowering in Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata) Variety Surabhi
Authors: Chandrahasan Aiswarya , G Gayathri , G. Seeja , Stephen Roy , Bhasi Smitha , S S Kavya Suresh
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of seed inoculation with Piriformospora indica and various foliar hormonal treatments in promoting early flowering in fodder rice bean (Vigna umbellata Thunb.), variety Surabhi, conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments and three replications. The plot size of  3 m2  was followed in the field experiment.
The experiment assessed the impact of different treatments on flowering and other biometric traits in the leguminous crop. The treatments included untreated control, seed inoculation with Piriformospora indica before sowing and foliar applications of salicylic acid (100 ppm,150 ppm), GA₃ (200 ppm,300 ppm), Paclobutrazol (10 ppm,20 ppm) and KNO₃ (1%,1.5%) at 30 days after sowing (DAS). The results revealed that significant differences were observed among treatments for all thirteen biometric traits measured. Early flowering was recorded in plants treated with salicylic acid @ 100 ppm(65.35 days), followed by GA₃ @ 300 ppm (67.72 days), salicylic acid @ 150 ppm (67.81 days), and Paclobutrazol @ 10 ppm (69.87 days), whereas the control flowered  last (80.96 days. The findings suggest that the application of specific concentrations of growth regulators and seed inoculation with P.indica can effectively reduce the time to flowering, enhancing the potential for improved seed production in fodder rice bean.