bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodologies and best practices for audit and compliance in governmental financial management
Authors: Oghenekome Urefe  , Theodore Narku Odonkor  , Edith Ebele Agu
Published: August 2024

This review paper explores the methodologies and best practices in audit and compliance in governmental financial management. It provides a comprehensive overview of the regulatory framework and standards governing public sector audits, discusses the types of audits commonly conducted, and outlines the typical audit processes. The paper identifies significant challenges faced in governmental auditing, such as limited resources, the complexity of operations, and resistance to change. It highlights the critical role of risk management and technology in addressing these challenges. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of ongoing training and capacity building for auditors and compliance officers. The paper concludes by considering emerging trends in the field, such as the integration of artificial intelligence and the emphasis on sustainability. It offers recommendations for further research to enhance the efficacy of governmental audit and compliance practices.
Keywords:  Governmental Financial Management, Audit Processes, Compliance, Risk Management, Public Sector Accountability.
Data-driven credit risk monitoring: Leveraging machine learning in risk management
Authors: Stanley Chidozie Umeorah  , Adesola Oluwatosin Adelaja  , Bibitayo Ebunlomo Abikoye  , Oluwatoyin Funmilayo Ayodele  , Yewande Mariam Ogunsuji
Published: August 2024

This review explores the evolution of credit risk monitoring, tracing its journey from traditional qualitative assessments to the current integration of machine learning (ML). It highlights how the integration of ML and big data has introduced unprecedented capabilities for analyzing extensive datasets and detecting subtle patterns beyond human capacity. These advanced technologies enable more accurate, efficient and dynamic credit risk predictions through techniques such as random forests, gradient boosting and decision trees. The transformative potential of these methodologies in credit risk assessment was critically examined, addressing challenges such as legacy system integration, data quality and regulatory compliance. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating forward-looking macroeconomic indicators to comply with applicable financial reporting standards and regulatory requirements. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity of ensuring model transparency to maintain trust and compliance. By leveraging the power of big data and ML, the study shows that financial institutions can achieve more precise and proactive risk assessments, enhancing decision-making processes and mitigating potential risks. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for stakeholders, guiding the implementation of advanced analytical techniques to improve credit risk management. Ultimately, it underscores the potential for a more robust, efficient and stable financial system through the strategic application of ML and big data analytics.
Keywords:  Credit Risk Management, Financial Services, Machine Learning, Big Data, Financial Transformation.
Enhancing financial reporting accuracy and compliance efficiency in legal firms through technological innovations
Authors: Oghenekome Urefe  , Theodore Narku Odonkor  , Edith Ebele Agu
Published: August 2024

This review paper explores the transformative impact of technological innovations on financial reporting accuracy and compliance efficiency within legal firms. It examines the current challenges legal firms face in maintaining accurate financial records and adhering to regulatory requirements, highlighting issues such as manual errors, complex transactions, and evolving regulations. The paper delves into the roles of automation, artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and blockchain technology in addressing these challenges, demonstrating how these tools can enhance financial precision, transparency, and operational efficiency. Additionally, it discusses the future trends in regulatory technology (RegTech), integrated compliance management systems, and real-time monitoring and reporting, emphasizing their potential to streamline compliance processes further. Practical recommendations are provided for legal firms to adopt and integrate these emerging technologies successfully. The paper concludes by underscoring the critical importance of technological innovation in enhancing legal firms' financial and compliance capabilities, ensuring they remain competitive and compliant in a dynamic regulatory environment.
Keywords:  Financial Reporting, Compliance Efficiency, Legal Firms, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain Technology, RegTech.
Enhancing dealership management software with AI integration for improved customer service and future innovations
Authors: Angela Omozele Abhulimen  , Onyinye Gift Ejike
Published: August 2024

This review paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into dealership management software to enhance customer service and foster future innovations. The primary objective is to synthesize existing research and industry practices to understand how AI technologies can streamline operations, personalize customer interactions, and drive business growth within automotive dealerships. The paper reviews key AI applications, including AI-driven chatbots and virtual assistants that provide automated support, predictive analytics for customer behavior and sales forecasting, and personalized marketing strategies. The analysis reveals that AI significantly improves customer service efficiency by reducing response times and enhancing customer satisfaction. Predictive maintenance and inventory management powered by AI algorithms ensure optimal resource allocation, minimizing downtime and operational costs. Additionally, the paper identifies potential future innovations facilitated by AI advancements, such as augmented reality (AR) for virtual vehicle tours and blockchain for secure transaction management. These innovations promise to elevate the customer experience and streamline dealership processes, creating a competitive edge in the market. The integration of AI into dealership management software presents substantial benefits in improving customer service and operational efficiency. The paper emphasizes the need for continuous investment in AI technologies and employee training to fully harness these advantages. Future research should focus on exploring emerging AI applications and their long-term impact on the automotive industry, ensuring dealerships remain adaptable and competitive in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.
Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence, Dealership Management Software, Customer Service, Predictive Analytics, Augmented Reality, Blockchain, Automotive Industry.
Exploring Awareness Through Race-Based Epistemologies
Authors: Briseño Martha
Published: August 2024

Awareness is the ultimate goal of a truth-seeking individual. Some reach that stage early on in life; however, some of us never quite get there. Yet, can full awareness ever be reached? Is it an illusion or a mirage of the human mind? This is something I cannot answer. It is up to an individual to decide what awareness or truth is and means to them and when they’ve reached that point (Ladson-Billings and Tate 1995) if they ever do. Nevertheless, awareness or truth is not definite or a set destination, but rather a dynamic, evolving and open-ended process that occurs throughout life. It is a process of decolonization of the mind, heart and soul (Henrichs 2020) that allows us to reframe our perspectives (Tuhiwai Smith, 1999) and leads us to discovery, understanding, and transformation (Freire 1970).
Invisible Resistance: BIPOC Girls and Gender-expansive Youth in Foster Care Resisting School Push Out
Authors: Ocasio Franchesca Alejandra
Published: August 2024

This article explores that girls and gender-expansive youth who are Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) in foster care resist oppression in schools. Research demonstrates that this population is disproportionately impacted by systemic oppression which contributes to poor academic outcomes. The child welfare system, largely operating on gendered and racialized stereotypes, targets women of color, resulting in higher rates of foster care involvement for girls and gender-expansive youth. In schools, the same stereotypes are used as reasons to surveil and punish youth, channeling them into juvenile detention. However, BIPOC girls and gender-expansive youth in foster care are rendered invisible in school discipline literature. This paper, adapted from my dissertation, utilizes observations in K-12 education to explore youth resistance to hegemonic power structures in school, and illuminates the importance of leveraging positionality when supporting youth. While my research is ongoing, this piece demonstrates that youth in foster care are made to protect themselves in school in ways that are deemed unacceptable, and subsequently criminalized. Ultimately, this work indicates the need for both school reform and structural social change to disrupt the school-to-prison pipeline.
Arazi ekonomisi ve yönetimi bakımından arazi vergisinin önemine ilişkin bir değerlendirme
Authors: Töremen Dr. Emrullah
Published: August 2024

Arazi, canlıların barındığı, yeniden üretimi olmayan ve eskimesi sonucu kullanımı sona ermeyen ve ülkeler için ekonomik bir değeri olan doğal bir varlıktır. Artan nüfus, gıda temini, yaşanabilir doğal alan ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma için var olan arazinin etkili ve ekonomik bir şekilde yönetilmesi gerekir. Bu anlamda, arazi kullanımı, planlanması ve politikası, arazinin değerlemesi, ekonomik olarak kamu maliyesine katkısı ve diğer makro düzeyde genel ihtiyaçların karşılanması bakımından mevcut arazi kaynağının etkin ve verimli bir şekilde çevresel etkiler de göz önünde bulundurularak yönetimi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu anlamda, arazide oluşan değerin kamuya kazandırılması vergiler aracılığıyla olmaktadır. Çalışmada Türkiye’de uygulanan arazi vergisinin, arazi ekonomisi ve yönetimi içindeki durumu irdelenmiştir. Çalışmayla, arazi vergisi uygulamasının arazi ekonomisi ve yönetimi içindeki önemi ortaya konularak konu hakkında ilgili taraflara fikir vermek ve farkındalık oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır.
AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK EKSTRAK n-HEKSANA DAUN TAMPA BADAK (Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe PADA SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D
Authors: Susanty Adriani , Rahim Soleha Ulfa
Published: August 2024

Tampa badak (Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe) merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia dari keluarga Apocynaceae yang berpotensi sebagai obat kanker darah, paru dan serviks. Belum ada pengujian aktivitas antikanker terhadap sel kanker payudara untuk itu perlu dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas ekstrak n-heksana daun tampa badak yang diuji secara in vitro pada sel kanker payudara T47D untuk mengetahui efek sitotoksik dengan metode MTT Assay. Sel kanker payudara T47D diberi perlakuan dengan 5 seri konsentrasi ekstrak 0,1; 0,5; 1; 5; dan 10 µg/mL dan diinkubasikan selama 24, 48 dan 72 jam. Parameter yang diukur adalah nilai IC50. Hasil uji MTT Assay menunjukkan bahwa nilai IC50 ekstrak n-heksana terhadap sel kanker T47D pada waktu 24, 48 dan 72 jam masing-masing sebesar 1,42; 0,19 dan 0,81 μg/mL. Hasil uji efek terbaik pada waktu 48 jam dengan IC50 0,19 μg/mL. Hasil uji analisa Two Way ANOVA menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan persen viabilitas terhadap waktu inkubasi (p*<0,05) dimana waktu inkubasi 48 jam berbeda secara signifikan dengan waktyu inkubasi 24 dan 72 jam, dimana waktu inkubasi terbaik adalah 48 jam dan terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi terhadap persen viabilitas (p*<0,05), dimana terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi 0,1 dengan konsentrasi 0,5; 1; 5; dan 10 μg/mL, dimana konsentrasi terbaik dalam menurunkan persen viabilitas adalah 0,5 μg/mL.
Tampa badak (Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe) is a plant found in Indonesia from the Apocynaceae family which has the potential as a cure for blood, lung and cervical cancer. There has been no anticancer activity testing against breast cancer cells, for that it is necessary to test the cytotoxicity of n-hexane extract of rhinoceros tampa leaves tested in vitro on T47D breast cancer cells to determine the cytotoxic effect with the MTT Assay method. T47D breast cancer cells were treated with 5 series of 0.1 extract concentration; 0,5; 1; 5; and 10 μg/mL and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The measured parameter is the IC50 value. The results of the MTT Assay test showed that the IC50 value of n-hexane extract against T47D cancer cells at 24, 48 and 72 hours was 1.42; 0.19 and 0.81 μg/mL, respectively. The best effect test results within 48 hours with IC50 0.19 μg/mL. The results of  the Two Way ANOVA analysis test  stated that there was a difference in percent viability to incubation time (p*<0.05) where the incubation time of 48 hours was  significantly different from the incubation time of 24 and 72 hours, where the best incubation time was 48 hours and there was a difference in concentration to percent viability (p*<0.05),  where there was a difference in concentration of 0.1 with a concentration of 0.5; 1; 5; and 10 μg/mL, where the best concentration in lowering percent viability is 0.5 μg/mL.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KADAR TOTAL FENOLIK DALAM MINYAK ATSIRI BIJI PALA
Authors: Feninlambir Melany Lorina , Rawar Ellsya Angeline , Yuhara Novena Adi
Published: August 2024

Pala merupakan rempah dengan berbagai macam manfaat yang digunakan oleh masyarakat dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Biji pala mengandung berbagai macam senyawa, salah satunya adalah fenolik yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Antioksidan dapat menurunkan laju reaksi oksidasi yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Biji pala dapat diolah menjadi minyak atsiri dengan destilasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kekuatan aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar total fenolik dalam minyak atsiri biji pala. Teknik destilasi air dengan menggunakan destilasi Stahl dilakukan untuk mengisolasi minyak atsiri dalam biji pala. Kekuatan aktivitas antioksidan diuji dengan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil), sedangkan kadar total fenolik ditetapkan dengan menggunakan metode kolorimetri dengan reagen Folin Ciocalteu. Isolasi minyak atsiri biji pala menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 6,49 %. Minyak atsiri biji pala mengandung total fenolik sebesar 55,36 ± 0,38 mg GAE/g dan memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 116,47 µg/mL sehingga kekuatan aktivitas antioksidan sedang.
Nutmeg is a spice with various benefits that is used by the community and has high economic value. Nutmeg seeds contain various compounds, one of which is phenolic which has antioxidant activity. Antioxidants can reduce the rate of oxidation reactions caused by free radicals. Nutmeg seeds can be processed into essential oil by distillation. The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in nutmeg seed essential oil. Water distillation technique using Stahl distillation was carried out to isolate the essential oil in nutmeg. The strength of the antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method, while the total phenolic content was determined using the colorimetric method with Folin Ciocalteu reagent. The isolation of nutmeg essential oil yielded a yield of 6.49%. Nutmeg seed essential oil contains a total phenolic of 55.36 ± 0.38 mg GAE/g and has an IC50 value of 116.47 µg/mL so that the antioxidant activity is moderate.
EVALUASI WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN RESEP TERHADAP PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT PERTAMINA BINTANG AMIN
Authors: Ardiansyah  , Fitriani Eka , Angin Martianus Perangin
Published: August 2024

Waktu tunggu merupakan salah satu standar minimal pelayanan farmasi di rumah sakit. Waktu tunggu pelayanan resep adalah tenggang waktu mulai dari pasien menyerahkan resep kepada petugas farmasi sampai pasien menerima obat dari petugas farmasi. Menurut Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit bahwa resep non racikan 15-30 menit dan resep racikan 30-60 menit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode observasi dengan tujuan mendapatkan data waktu tunggu pelayanan resep bagi pasien rawat jalan di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin. Data yang diperoleh berupa waktu tunggu pelayanan resep yang kemudian di analisis menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan resep di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin untuk rata-rata resep non racikan 22 menit 42 detik, sedangkan rata-rata resep racikan 34 menit 10 detik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin sudah sesuai dengan standar pelayanan minimal yang ditetapkan oleh Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 4 Tahun 2019.
Lay time is one of the minimum standards for pharmacy services in hospitals. Lay time for prescription service is the time period from when the patient submits the prescription to the pharmacist until the patient receives the drug from the pharmacist. According to the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 of 2019 concerning Minimum Hospital Service Standards, non-concoction prescriptions take 15-30 minutes and concoction prescriptions 30-60 minutes. This research is a descriptive study using the observation method with the aim of obtaining lay time data for prescription services for outpatients at the Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital Pharmacy Installation. The data obtained is lay time for prescription service which is then analyzed using microsoft excel. The results showed that prescrition services at the Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital Pharmacy Installation for non-concoction prescription were 22 minutes 42 seconds, while concoction prescriptions were 34 minutes 10 seconds. It can be concluded that the lay time for prescription services at the Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital Pharmacy Installation is in accordance with the minimum service standards stipulated by Decree of the Minister of Health Number 4 of 2019.
Effect of Variation Concentration Cetil Alcohol in Phaseolus vulgaris L. exctract cream
Authors: Manna Huriyyah Nabilah , Thalib Fitria Abbas
Published: August 2024

In Indonesia, chickpea (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a leguminous plant that is popular with the public because of its many benefits. One of them contains antioxidant compounds that are suitable for use as active ingredients in facial creams. This study aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of cetyl alcohol on the physical properties of chickpea extract cream (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), including organleptic, pH, type of cream, and spreadability. The results were analyzed statistically using the ANOVA method (one way). In this study, the physical properties of each formulation were tested. The organoleptic test results for the three formulas were all white, rose aroma, and the forms F1, F2, F3 (not too thick, thick, very thick). In the uniformity test, the three formulas showed various compositions. In the pH test F1, F2, F3 (7.48; 7.51; 7.68). In the spreadability test with a load of 50 grams F1, F2, F3 (4.07; 3.23; 3), a load of 100 grams F1, F2, F3 (4 .47; 3.7; 3.43), a load of 150 grams F1, F2, F3 (4.97; 4.43; 4.36), 200 gram load F1, F2, F3 (5.5; 5.16 ;5). In testing the physical properties of chickpea extract cream with variations of cetyl alcohol, it can affect the physical properties of the cream, including organoleptic, pH, and spreadability, but does not affect the homogeneity and type of cream.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN INFUSA TUMBUHAN CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.) TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH MENCIT PUTIH (Mus musculus L.) JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI GLUKOSA
Authors: Febrina Mira , Hidayah Riani , Novitasari Meliza
Published: August 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian infusa tumbuhan ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) terhadap kadar gula darah mencit putih (Mus musculus L.) jantan yang diinduksi glukosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian infusa tumbuhan ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) terhadap kadar gula darah mencit (Mus musculus L.) jantan yang diinduksi glukosa 9750 mg/KgBB dan untuk melihat berapa dosis efektif yang dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah pada mencit putih jantan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Tes Toleransi Glukosa Oral (TTGO). Hewan percobaan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif hanya diberikan akuades, kelompok kontrol positif diberi metformin dengan dosis 65 mg/KgBB, kelompok perlakuan diberi sediaan infusa tumbuhan ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 30%. Setelah masing-masing hewan uji diberi perlakuan 30 menit kemudian diberi glukosa 9750 mg/KgBB secara oral. Kemudian dilakukan pengukuran kadar glukosa darah mencit pada menit 30-120. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian infusa tumbuhan ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 30% memiliki penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit putih (Mus musculus L.) dan dosis yang efektif dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah adalah konsentrasi 20%. Hasil yang diperoleh dari hasil uji ANOVA dua arah dilanjutkan dengan uji Post  Hoc Tukey juga menunjukkan bahwa lama pemberian dapat mempengaruhi penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit (p<0,05).
PENGARUH TEKNIK LIQUISOLID MENGGUNAKAN TRANSCUTOL® HP TERHADAP DISOLUSI ASAM FENOFIBRAT
Authors: Suhery Wira Noviana , Nofriyanti  , Permatasari Annisa
Published: August 2024

Kelarutan merupakan salah satu parameter yang dapat mempengaruhi ketersediaan hayati obat. Obat-obatan dengan kelarutan yang rendah membutuhkan dosis tinggi untuk mencapai konsentrasi oral terapeutik. Asam fenofibrat adalah obat yang memiliki kelarutan dalam air yang rendah dan permeabilitas yang tinggi. Salah satu cara untuk  mengatasi masalah kelarutan adalah dengan teknik liquisolid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik liquisolid asam fenofibrat terhadap disolusinya. Formulasi dengan teknik liquisolid dibuat dengan jenis dan jumlah yang bervariasi menggunakan pelarut Transcutol® HP, bahan pembawa Neusilin® US2 serta bahan penyalut Aerosil® 200. Formulasi liquisolid dibuat dengan perbandingan 1:4 (F1); 1:8 (F2); dan 1:12 (F3). Formulasi terbaik kemudian dilihat dari faktor Hausner, kompresibilitas, porositas, kecepatan alir, sudut istirahat dan uji disolusi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya perubahan bentuk mikroskopis liquisolid asam fenofibrat dan perbedaan terhadap hasil evaluasi dan disolusi antar formula. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik ANOVA menunjukkan asam fenofibrat yang dibuat dengan teknik liquisolid dapat meningkatkan laju disolusi dibandingkan dengan asam fenofibrat murni. Berdasarkan hasil semua evaluasi, formulasi terbaik dengan peningkatan disolusi paling tinggi adalah F3, dengan nilai ED60 = 83,2%.
Solubility is one of the parameters that can influence the bioavailability of drugs. Drugs with low solubility require high doses to achieve therapeutic oral concentrations. Fenofibric acid is a drug that has low solubility and high permeability. One way to overcome the solubility problem is with the liquisolid technique. This research aims to determine the effect of the fenofibric acid liquisolid technique on its dissolution. Formulations using the liquisolid technique are made in varying types and quantities using Transcutol® HP as solvent, Neusilin® US2 as carrier material and Aerosil® 200 as coating material. Liquid formulations are made in a ratio of 1:4 (F1); 1:8 (F2); and 1:12 (F3). The best formulation is based on the Hausner factor, compressibility, porosity, flow properties, angle of repose and dissolution test. The evaluation results showed changes in the microscopic shape of the liquisolid fenofibric acid and differences in evaluation and dissolution results between formulas. Based on the results of the ANOVA statistical test, it show that fenofibric acid made using the liquisolid technique can increase the dissolution rate compared to pure fenofibric acid. Based on the results of all evaluations, the best formulation with the highest dissolution increase is F3, with an ED60 value = 83.2%.
VALIDASI METODE PENETAPAN KADAR METFORMIN DALAM PLASMA DARAH YANG DIBERIKAN BERSAMAAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN SARI BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia L.) SECARA KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI (KCKT)
Authors: Fernando Armon , Putri Nurafika Kurniawan , Fadhli Haiyul
Published: August 2024

Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan validasi metode penetapan kadar metrofmin dalam plasma darah manusia yang diberikan bersamaan dengan  sari buah pare (Momordica charantia L.) secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT). Sari buah pare juga memiliki senyawa mebalit sekunder yang dapat mempengaruhi analisis metformin di dalam darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan metode yang valid untuk penetapan kadar metformin terhadap pemberian sari buah pare dalam plasma manusia secara in vitro menggunakan KCKT dengan detektor UV menggunakan glibenklamid sebagai internal standard. Sistem KCKT menggunakan fase terbalik dengan kolom VP-ODS C-18, panjang kolom 5 µm, 4,6 x 150 mm.  Fase gerak yang di gunakan dengan komposisi  metanol:air (SDS 3 mM) pH 3 dengan phosporic acid (60:40) dengan kecepatan alir 1 mL/menit dan dideteksi pada panjang gelombang 226 nm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat nilai LOD sebesar 0,24 ppm dan nilai LOQ sebesar 0,8 ppm dari persamaan regresi y=0,0184x+0,0726 dengan koefisien korelasi (R2) 0,9979. Hasil uji akurasi tidak memenuhi persyaratan yaitu persen uji perolehan kembali tidak kurang dari 80% dan tidak lebih dari 120%, sedangkan hasil uji presisi telah memenuhi persyaratan dengan nilai persen koefisien variasi tidak lebih dari 20%.
In this study, validation of method for determining metrofmin levels in human blood plasma given together with bitter melon juice (Momordica charantia L.) has been performed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Bitter melon juice also has secondary metabolites which can affect the analysis of metformin in the blood. The aim of this research is to obtain a valid method for determining metformin levels when administering bitter melon juice in human plasma in vitro using HPLC with a UV detector using glibenclamide as an internal standard. The HPLC system uses reverse phase with a VP-ODS C-18 column, column length 5 µm, 4.6 x 150 mm.  The mobile phase used was a composition of methanol: water (SDS 3 mM) pH 3 with phosphoric acid (60:40) with a flow speed of 1 mL/minute and detected at a wavelength of 226 nm. The research results obtained an LOD value of 0.24 ppm and a LOQ value of 0.8 ppm from the regression equation y=0.0184x+0.0726 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9979. The results of the accuracy test do not meet the requirements, namely the percent recovery test is not less than 80% and not more than 120%, while the precision test results meet the requirements with a percent coefficient of variation value of not more than 20%.
SUMBER POTENSIAL AGEN ANTIINFLAMASI TANAMAN INDONESIA DARI USADA TARU PREMANA DAN PERKEMBANGAN FORMULASINYA: TELAAH PUSTAKA
Authors: Buana Komang Dirga Mega , Mauludin Rachmat
Published: August 2024

Peradangan atau inflamasi merupakan salah satu respon tubuh terhadap kerusakan jaringan, kontak dengan zat asing, respon imun, maupun salah satu akibat dari trauma fisik. Inflamasi merupakan gejala umum yang sering terjadi pada beberapa penyakit. Penggunaan obat antiinflmasi steroid dan non-steroid merupakan alternative yang umum digunakan, akan tetapi penggunaannya diketahui menimbulkan efek samping merugikan bagi tubuh. Hal ini mendorong banyak penelitian mengenai pengobatan alternatif lain dari tumbuhan obat. Salah satu contoh yang menarik dibahas yaitu tanaman tradisional khas Bali yang tertulis dalam Usada Taru Premana (naskah medis kuno yang ada di Bali). Pada artikel ini akan dibahas mengenai rangkuman beberapa tanaman khas Bali yang terbukti khasiatnya sebagai agen anti-inflamasi melalui pengujian in vitro dan in vivo.  Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur yang mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari mesin pencarian seperti PubMed, Google Cendekia dengan kata kunci (herbal, ekstrak, tanaman obat, inflamasi, taru premana) atau dan basis data ilmiah. Hasil rangkuman menyatakan bahwa kandungan metabolit sekunder alkaloid, flavonoid, dan senyawa fenolik merupakan senyawa yang banyak bertanggung jawab dalam efektivitas tumbuhan obat sebagai agen anti-inflamasi.
Can Education Level and Work Environment Affect Employee Performance ?
Authors: Hazmin Gulam , Arifuddin Hernita , Erdiansyah Wahyu , Prasetyo Adi , Muchran Murniady
Published: August 2024

Organizations require human resource management, or HRMs, which serves the purpose of increasing productivity through employee optimization at every level. Since employees are the main component of production, the performance of the organization is greatly influenced by them. The performance of employees serves as a measure of an organization's success in public service, particularly in government institutions. This study emphasizes the significance of the work environment and educational level in influencing the performance of employees at the Mallawa Sub-District Office in Maros Regency. The results indicate that a favorable work environment has been proven to enhance employee performance. Furthermore, employees with higher levels of education tend to perform their tasks more effectively. The positive relationship between these variables indicates that improving the work environment and investing in education are important steps towards enhancing the quality and performance of the workforce. Previous studies have indicated that education and work environment are crucial factors for employee performance. Therefore, supporting further education and providing a conducive work environment are crucial for the success of the company.
Effect of Instagram Ads on Consumer Purchase Interest in Skin Care
Authors: Rudianto Rudianto , Ekasari Silvia , Beryansyah Beryansyah , Purwanti Purwanti , Munizu Musran
Published: August 2024

The development of digital media has created innovative changes and opportunities in the field of marketing. If social media is used and used correctly, marketing through social media can clearly reduce marketing costs in the long run. A real example is Instagram advertising, which tends to be cheaper and more effective than other search engine advertising options. Advertisements can be defined as messages that offer a product aimed at the public through an information medium. This research aims to analyze effect of instagram ads on consumer purchase interest in skin care. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. Population in this think about is the number of consumer purchase interest in skin care as Instagram users. Sample of tests for this consideration is 50 consumer purchase interest in skin care as Instagram users. The data analysis method used simple linear regression analysis. The results show that Instagram ads has significant effect on consumer purchase interest.
Nusantara Economic Hero Social Assistance Program as an Effort to Empower the Community in Kendari City
Authors: Ahmad Syukri  , Sarpin  , Nada Kusuma
Published: August 2024

This research aims to find out the implementation and achievements of the Nusantara Economic Hero Social Assistance Program realized in Kendari City. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The informants in this study were determined based on the Purposive Sampling technique. The data collection technique was carried out through interviews with the Coordinator of the Family Hope Program of the Kendari City Social Service, Social Assistants, and Beneficiaries of the Social Assistance Program of the Nusantara Economic Heroes, then the data was obtained through observation and docuemnation studies, the data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively with an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of this study show that: 1) there are two categories of Nusantara Economic Heroes carried out in Kendari City, namely Regular Nusantara Economic Heroes and Independent Nusantara Economic Heroes; 2) the stages of empowerment of the Nusantara Economic Heroes in Kendari City are in accordance with the concept of empowerment stages proposed by Adi (2014) which consists of the Preparation Stage, Assessment Stage, Alternative Planning Stage of Programs or Activities, Action Plan Formulation Stage, Program Implementation Stage or Activity, Evaluation Stage, and Termination Stage; 3) the achievements of the Nusantara Economic Heroes program in Kendari City have been able to empower the beneficiaries, although there are still some beneficiaries who have not been able to maximize financial assistance from the Nusantara Economic Heroes.
The Role of Social Workers at the Social Department of Kendari City in Psychosocial Recovery of Child Victims of Sexual Violence
Authors: Kadir  , Muhammad Arsyad  , Tanzil
Published: August 2024

This study aims to understand and find out the role of workers in psychosocial assistance for children victims of sexual violence at the Kendari City Social Departement. Qualitative descriptive methods are used to describe social situations related to the role and stages of mentoring. The research informants were selected through purposive sampling, including social workers, psychologists, victims' children, and parents. The data in this study was obtained through interviews, observations and documentation studies, the data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively with an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the psychological rehabilitation of child victims of sexual abuse involves several important phases. Educational programs on recovery and mental health help children understand and manage the psychological impact of experienced violence. Social support from family, friends, and the community is also crucial in the healing process, making children feel welcome and supported. Social workers act as mediators, educators, and motivators in this process. They help children cope with the adverse effects of their experiences, establish safe communication, and formulate effective recovery plans. In addition, social workers provide information to the community about the psychological impact of sexual violence and help children learn good coping mechanisms. This psychosocial support typically results in a noticeable improvement in the physical and mental health of the victim's children, allowing them to recover from trauma, improve mental health, and rebuild positive social relationships.
The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility of PT. Antam, Tbk to Small and Medium Enterprises in Improving the Socio-Economy of the Community in Pomalaa District, Kolaka Regency
Authors: Soim Maghfiroh  , Sulsalman Moita  , Ghery Safitra Fahrun
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out the role of PT Antam, Tbk's Corporate Social Responsibility on Small and Medium Enterprises in improving the socio-economy of the community in Pomaala District, Kolaka Regency and the impact of PT Antam's Corporate Social Responsibility on Small and Medium Enterprises in improving the community's socio-economy. Stakeholder Theory also known as "Stakeholder Theory" is used in this study. In this study, stakeholders are individuals, groups, and/or institutions that have the ability to influence and/or be influenced by the actions of certain organizations. This research method is qualitative research, and the researcher uses a descriptive approach. The informants in this study were determined by purposive sampling, the data in this study were obtained through interviews, observations and documentation studies, the data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively with an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that PT Antam, Tbk has carried out the role of Corporate Social Responsibility well in Pomalaa District, especially in partnership and nature conservation programs. The development of Small and Medium Enterprises in the region also showed positive results, with increased partner capabilities in packaging, product photography, and digital marketing. This allows the expansion of the Small and Medium Enterprises market outside of Pomalaa. PT Antam, Tbk's CSR activities not only improve the community's economy, but also have a positive impact on the company's image. By effectively managing productivity and costs, PT Antam, Tbk can maximize profits, fulfill economic responsibilities to shareholders, and increase the value of its shares as well as PT. Antam, Tbk accelerates community welfare through the provision of capital, training, and job creation for Small and Medium Enterprises
Single Parent Efforts in Meeting Family Economic Needs in Bubu Village, Kambowa District, North Buton Regency
Authors: Siti Rosmaladewi  , Darmin Tuwu  , Amin Tunda
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study is to find out how the efforts  of single parents in fulfilling the exit economy of a single parent in Bubu Village, and to find out what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in an effort to meet the economic needs of the family in Bubu Village, Kambowa District, North Buton Regency. This type of research uses a qualitative approach with a problem study method to 8 single parents in Bubu Village.The data collection technique uses interview, observation, and documentation methods. Data analysis uses approaches, namely: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of this study show the efforts of single parents in meeting the economic needs of families in Bubu Village/sub-district, Kambowa District, North Buton, namely 1. Work, 2. Expecting help from family, 3. Expect help from the government. The supporting factors for single parent efforts to meet the economic needs of the family are, 1. Motivation and encouragement from the family. The factors that hinder single parent  efforts in meeting the economic needs of the family are, 1. Limited skills, 2. Limited infrastructure, 3. There is no help from the husband in meeting the needs of the family
Implementation of Skill Learning in Self-Development of Visually Handicapped Children (Study at Kusuma Bangsa Extraordinary School, Kendari City)
Authors: Nurfitriani  , Juhaepa  , Megawati Asrul Tawulo
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the components of skill learning and the implementation of skill learning for self-development of children with disabilities at Kusuma Bangsa Extraordinary School. This type of research uses a qualitative research approach. The determination of informants in this study uses  the Purposive Sampling  method so that the informants are teachers and children with disabilities The data sources used in this study are Primary and Secondary Data. The data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses a qualitative approach through qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study show that skill learning for children with disabilities has a well-organized structure. The goal is to train students' independence and entrepreneurship. The learning components include objectives, educators, learners, materials, methods, media, and evaluation. Implementation is carried out once a week with three stages: beginning, core, and end. The method used is hands-on practice, with materials from the internet and media in the form of necessary tools and materials. Evaluation is carried out through oral questions after learning. Although only two teachers are in primary charge, other teachers help in implementation. This learning is tailored to children's interests, demonstrating a student-centred approach in developing practical skills for students' futures
Elderly Posyandu Services in Improving the Quality of Life of the Elderly at the Mekar Health Center Kendari City
Authors: Indah Fajriani M  , Syaifudin Suhri Kasim  , Sarmadan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to understand the Services of the Elderly Posyandu in Improving the Quality of Life of the Elderly at the Mekar Health Center in Kendari City along with How to Support the Services of the Elderly Posyandu at the Mekar Health Center in Kendari City. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. Meanwhile, the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study are posyandu cadres and the elderly at the Mekar Health Center in Kendari City. The data sources used are primary data sources and secondary data sources. The results of this study concluded that the Elderly Posyandu Services in Improving the Quality of Life of the Elderly at the Mekar Health Center in Kendari City are in the form of health services, supplementary feeding, sports activities, non-health activities, facilities and infrastructure. The service supporters at the elderly posyandu are the youth factor, supporting factor, and strengthening factor.
The Impact of the Existence of Walengkabola Beach Tourism in Increasing Traders' Income in the Beach Area of Oempu Village, Tongkuno District, Muna Regency
Authors: Sukmawati  , Suharty Roslan  , Amin Tunda
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that encourage people to trade in the Walengkabola Beach Tourism Area located in Oempu Village, Tongkuno District, Muna Regency, as well as how the presence of the tourism industry affects trade. traders' income in Oempu Village, Tongkuno District, Muna Regency. The primary data used in this study to answer research questions came from observations and interviews, while secondary data was information about geographical conditions and records came from secondary sources. Sampling is a method used to take samples. The three-step data analysis approach of descriptive analysis is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of this study show that the causes of traders selling in tourist areas consist of 3 reasons, namely strategic location, fast distance traveled by traders, and different commodity prices from those in the market. Meanwhile, the impact of the existence of the Walengkabola beach tourist attraction on the merchant community has an impact on increasing the income of the merchant community where the income obtained doubles or even more if they trade on long holidays. Job opportunities, with the existence of walengkabola beach, also help the government provide solutions to the problem of unemployment. And interpersonal relationships that do not only occur to traders, but their relationship with service providers is also harmonious.
Intervention of the Village Children's Love Expedition Community in Labulawa Village, Pasir Putih District, Muna Regency in the Field of Education for School-Age Children in Remote Areas
Authors: Anggit Pradana  , Bahtiar  , Dewi Anggaraini
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe the intervention carried out by the Village Children's Love Expedition Community in the field of education for school-age children in remote areas. In this study, a qualitative descriptive method is used. The determination of informants in this study uses the Purposive Sampling method and the informants in this study include the Village Children's Love Expedition Community Management, Volunteers involved in the activities carried out by the community, the community and children at the location of the activity. The data sources used in this study are Primary Data and Secondary Data. The data collection techniques in this study use interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique in this study uses data reduction, presentation and verification techniques. The results of this study show that the intervention carried out by the Village Children's Love Expedition Community is carried out through several programs, namely Regular Teaching, Afternoon Teaching, Environmental Care Program, Tree of Hope, "Early New Year's Gift" Donation Program, Quran and Iqro Donation Program, and Village Children's Competition Program. The stages of Intervention carried out by the Village Children's Love Expedition Community, namely the preparation stage, are divided into several stages, namely the officer preparation stage (Volunteer Recruitment and Training), funding preparation, regional feasibility study, and expedition activity licensing process. The stage of assessing the needs of children at the expedition location. Planning stage, Action plan formulation stage, Program implementation or implementation stage, Evaluation stage, and Termination stage.
Implementation of the Independent Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in the Provision of Livable Houses in Soloy Agung Village, West Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency
Authors: Ardat Junardi  , Suharty Roslan  , Ratna Supiyah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the implementation of the Independent Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in the provision of livable houses in Soloy Agung Village, West Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach. The informants in this study were selected using a purposive sampling technique, so that the informants in this study consisted of communities receiving uninhabitable housing assistance. The data in this study were obtained through interviews, observations and documentation. The data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively with an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that there are three steps in the implementation of Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance in Soloy Agung Village, West Kulisusu District, first , community preparation, which includes recipient organization, socialization, household needs identification, store services, and proposal writing, is a process designed to enable potential recipients to be ready for the program and to guarantee success and sustainability; Second, Pre-execution activities are a series of arrangements made before the start of construction or restoration activities of the primary house. This regulation includes the identification of aid recipients, the distribution of assistance, and the completion of assistance; and third, the use of BSPS funds is regulated to ensure that the funds are used efficiently and in accordance with the program's objectives, which are to improve housing standards for low-income communities. This includes the creation of DRPBs, shop contracts, hiring handymen, purchasing building materials, performing real work, paying workers' wages, and reporting. BSPS software helps people build and repair livable homes, reduce financial burdens, and create healthy homes with good lighting, sanitation, and durability.
Literacy in the Kingdom of Judah: A Typology of Approaches and a Criticism of Quantitative Perspectives
Authors: Richelle Matthieu
Published: August 2024

The subject of literacy in ancient Israel and Judah remains hotly debated among scholars, and the case of the Kingdom of Judah proves especially controversial. To disentangle a complicated issue, this article first draws up a typology of approaches used by scholars to tackle questions such as the population’s rate of literacy, the Judeans’ ability to write down literary texts, and the development of literacy throughout the centuries. Then, it critically examines two quantitative approaches, which have been highly influential and currently promote the thesis that the levels of literacy were minimal in the early monarchic period in Judah (in contrast to the situation in Israel) and considerably increased at the end of this period.