bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un cuestionario para valorar la competencia en comunicación oral del alumnado de Magisterio
Authors: Campos Bandrés Iris Orosia , Colón Castillo María Jesús , Sampériz Hernández Marta
Published: December 2020

El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior contempla el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa como cuestión fundamental en los planes de formación en Magisterio, por lo que es oportuno profundizar en el conocimiento de las percepciones que las y los futuros maestros tienen sobre su competencia oral y sobre la formación recibida en este aspecto en la titulación. En esta línea, se presenta el diseño y validación de un cuestionario con 156 estudiantes de Magisterio. Los resultados avalan la solidez de la herramienta y la exploración de las valoraciones del alumnado muestra la incidencia de variables como el sexo y la experiencia académica o profesional previa. Además, destaca la correlación negativa entre la valoración de la formación recibida y el curso, con una valoración insuficiente entre el alumnado que se encuentra finalizando la titulación.
STUDI KOMPARATIF PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF JENIS SANDPLAY DAN PUZZLE TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH
Authors: Yuniati Erni
Published: December 2020

Menurut WHO, 5-25% anak usia prasekolah mengalami gangguan perkembangan motorik halus. Perkembangan motorik halus anak salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan alat permainan edukatif. Terdapat dua jenis permainan edukatif yang digunakan dalam menstimulus perkembangan motorik halus anak diantaranya adalah pasir (sandplay) dan puzzle. Namun sayangnya dilapangan, kegiatan yang dapat menstimulus perkembangan motorik halus anak masih belum dilakukan dengan adekuat, dalam hal ini frekuensinya masih kurang dari yang digunakan. Sehingga perkembangan motorik halus anak menjadi kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui studi komparatif penggunaan alat permainan edukatif jenis pasir (sandplay) dan puzzle terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia prasekolah di Taman Kanak-Kanak at Taqwa Mekarsari, Cimahi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian quasi experiment design dengan rancangan pretest dan posttest. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sejumlah 34 responden terdiri atas 2 kelompok yaitu 17 responden kelompok intervensi permainan edukatif jenis pasir (sandplay) dan 17 responden kelompok intervensi permainan edukatif jenis puzzle. Penilaian menggunakan lembar instrumen DENVER II yang diambil aspek pengukuran motorik halus. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah uji t 2 sampel dependen dan uji t 2 sampel independen untuk bivariat. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara intervensi permainan edukatif jenis pasir (sandplay) dan puzzle terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, untuk menstimulus perkembangan motorik halus anak, agar dilakukan dengan menambah frekuensi permainan, dapat menggunakan pasir (sandplay) dan puzzle atau jika kesulitan menyediakan keduanya, dapat menggunakan salah satu saja, pasir (sandplay) atau puzzle saja.
水利信息技术在工程管理中的应用分析
Authors: 刘 勇 , 郝 新宇
Published: December 2020

如今，中国的科学技术取得了前所未有的进步，除了技术水平的不断提高之外，信息手段也得到了全面的普及和推广。水利管理作为国家基础工程管理项目之一，涉及民生，与人们的生活息息相关，自然引起了人们的广泛关注。信息技术的应用可以更好地管理水利项目，突出技术优势，保证水利管理效率的提高，促进智能化发展。论文结合水利管理的现状，深入阐述了信息技术的应用，为进一步提高水利管理水平奠定了基础。
ПОДХОДЫ К ОЦЕНКЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТУРИСТСКО-РЕКРЕАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ НА МИКРО- И МЕЗОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОМ УРОВНЯХ
Authors: Анопченко Татьяна Юрьевна , Мурзин Антон Дмитриевич , Ревунов Роман Вадимович
Published: December 2020

Цель работы заключается в том, чтобы исследовать теоретико-методологические подходы к оценке эффективности управленческих решений в контексте современной практики использования туристско-рекреационного потенциала на микро- и мезоэкономическом уровнях, обосновать направления их совершенствования на основе принципов устойчивого развития. Метод или методология работы. Использование в процессе исследования методов статистической обработки массивов данных, структурирования и группировки, способов научной абстракции, моделирования социально-экономических тенденций региона позволило выявить факторы стимулирования развития туристско-рекреационной отрасли в соответствии с критериями устойчивого развития. Результаты. Анализ практики управления современной туристско-рекреационной деятельностью в Российской Федерации на микро- и мезоэкономическом уровнях, показывает, что программно-целевой подход к оценке эффективности управленческих решений в целом, и регулятивной деятельности органов государственной власти и местного самоуправления в указанной отрасли, в частности, является наиболее эффективным. Сущность программно-целевого подхода на современном этапе заключается в установлении ориентировочных показателей развития туристско-рекреационной отрасли, диапазонов возможных отклонений, дифференцированных с участием представителей отраслевого бизнеса, экспертного сообщества. Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы органами государственной власти Российской Федерации, субъектов РФ, органами местного самоуправления при составлении планов экономического развития отраслей региональной экономики, разработке стратегий и программ развития, а также хозяйствующими субъектами, функционирующими в туристско-рекреационной и смежных отраслях. Выводы. В современных условиях Российская Федерация располагает значительным, разнообразным, многокомпонентным туристско-рекреационным потенциалом. Формирование институционально-правового механизма, включающего в себя элементы государственно-частного, муниципального-частного партнёрства, эффективной системы оценки качества управленческих решений при реализации государственных и муниципальных программ развития, позволяет создать предпосылки для ускоренного развития туристско-рекреационной отрасли в РФ.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА КРЕДИТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ КОММЕРЧЕСКИХ БАНКОВ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Акаева Марьям Абдуллаевна , Умавова Лейла Арсланалиевна
Published: December 2020

Цель работы. В статье рассмотрены теоретические основы формирования финансово-кредитной политики коммерческих банков России. В ней показаны понятие кредитной политики коммерческих банков, процессы ее формирования, рассмотрены цели и элементы кредитной политики, а также показан ряд факторов, которые влияют на выбор кредитной политики банка. Также представлено описание процесса формирования кредитной политики, основные проблемы финансово-кредитной политики банка и рекомендации по улучшению состояния. Метод или методология проведения работы. Проведен эмпирический анализ изучения кредитной политики коммерческого банка в Российской Федерации. Результаты. Статья раскрывает подходы к определению кредитной политики банка. Особое внимание в работе автор акцентирует на классификации методов кредитной политики банка. В статье автор показывает связь кредитной политики банка со стратегией банка. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть использованы с целью развития и изучения дальнейшими авторами данной статьи по теме кредитной политики коммерческого банка. Здесь же освящаются проблемы обеспечения сбалансированной кредитной политики российских банков. Целью написания статьи является исследование наиболее важных проблем, которые оказывают прямое влияние на построение и воплощение сбалансированной кредитной политики. Выводы. Каждый банк должен четко формулировать политику предоставления ссуд, которая позволяла бы определять направления использования средств акционеров и вкладчиков, регулировать состав и объем кредитного портфеля, а также выявлять обстоятельства, при которых целесообразно предоставлять кредит. Перечислены основные факторы, влияющие на изменение процентной ставки по кредитам. Собраны мнения экспертов по изменению денежно-кредитной политики России и составлен краткосрочный прогноз на динамику ключевой и процентной ставок. Приведен перечень мер по поддержанию грамотной политики коммерческого банка.
INNOVATIONS IN JOURNALISTIC ACTIVITY AND EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF MEDIA CONVERGENCE
Authors:   Uzbekistan State University of World Languages, Dadakhonov Azamjon
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the process of media convergence, its characteristics, its impact on journalism and education in the field. In this study, the author examines various scientific literature and sources, updates in journalistic practice, reveals that the convergence process changesthe structure of media editorials and the daily routine of journalists, analyzes the phenomenon of "universal journalist" and gives examples of national and foreign media practice.The concept of "convergent editorial" refers to the new technological and creative professional skills required of journalists. It is noted that the latest innovations in the field also place new demands on the organization of the educational process of journalism, the necessary conclusions are drawn on the subject.
HISTORY OF STUDY OF FORMED WORDS IN ARABIC LANGUAGE
Authors:   International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Sotvoldiev Sirojiddin
Published: December 2020

If you look at the history of the Arabic language and writing, its role in human civilization, the way of its own development, and the lexical, morphological and syntactic features that are not encountered in any other language system are evident. This requires a separate approach to each process undergoing it. In particular, the study of the phenomenon of aromatic, paronimic, and variation in Arabic on general linguistic principles may not lead to the intended result. It is important to consider not only the pronunciation but also the peculiarities of the writing.
LINGUISTIC LOOK AT THE EXPRESSION OF A PERSON’S MIND STATE IN THE WRITINGS OF ODIL YAKUBOV
Authors:   Termez State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ergasheva Dilrabo
Published: December 2020

In the article, the speech goes on about the relations of language and thought, the expression of this relationship in the speech of literal work the factors cuasing the actualization of linguistic units in it. The expression of spiritual condition of a hero is analyzed in in the examples of the works “Treasure of Ulugbek”, “Conscience” by O. Yokubov
THE IMAGE OF IMAM BUKHARI IN MODERN UZBEK LITERATURE
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khodjiyeva Gavhar
Published: December 2020

LITERATURE AN NOTATION If you look at the pages of new Uzbek literature, you will see that most of the poetic dramas are written on historical themes. This process, it can be said, began with Oybek's Mahmud Torobi and H. Olimjon's Muqanna. Thisliterary tradition continued during the years of independence. In particular, the high artistic samples of the poetic drama "Sahibkiron" (A.Oripov), "Imam Bukhari" (U.Kochkor), "Samarkand saykali" (Ikbol Mirzo) saw the world. In the work of Imam Bukhari by Usman Kochkar, the image of the great mystic Imam al-Bukhari was created.
RELATIONSHIP IN THE TASKS AND GNOSEOLOGICAL POSITIONS OF THE LANGUAGE
Authors:   Andijan State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khudayberdieva Laziza , Budikova Marguba
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes various approaches to nomination in world and Uzbek linguistics, reveals the epistemological nature of the nomination, demonstrates the relationship between the terminological and epistemological functions of the language, clarifies the nomination in denomination and sign language, and also reflects the relationship between designation and meaning. Although there are some ideas regarding nomination in a number of works devoted to the evolution of meaning in Uzbek linguistics, there has not yet been a study devoted toa special monographic study of nomination.
LINGVOCULTURAL PROPERTIES OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS
Authors:   Andijan State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tursunova Nodirabegim
Published: December 2020

In this article, it was initially noted that phraseology is an universal unit of language, an important component that increases the richness of the language vocabulary. However, in addition to the international phraseological units, it is illustrated by the fact that it belongs only to a particular ethnos, peoples, and some English and Uzbek phraseological expressions that express their national and cultural characteristics are considered and analyzed. Such stable associations are a treasure that preserves the nationality and history of any nation
PATRIOTISM IS AN ARTISTIC EXPRESSION OF NATIONAL PRIDE
Authors:   Navoi State Pedagogical Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Payzullayeva Rano
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the poetic interpretation of the image of the Motherland in the works of the poet Sirojiddin Sayyid. The subject of most of his poems is Vatan. The poet cannot imagine himself apart from his homeland. Every bit of it, every in chis precious. In the work of Jadids, who considered as his duty to sing the feelings of nationalism and patriotism on the high degrees, the poems glorifying the Motherland, honoring the nation, proud of its bright moments in its history, suffering from the dreadful moments of the nation's histor
The influence of teacherâ€™s language impoliteness in triggering studentsâ€™ bullying behavior
Authors: R Mantasiah , Yusri Yusri , Hasmawati Hasmawati , Umar Nur Fadhilah
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of teacherâ€™s language impoliteness in triggering studentsâ€™ bullying behavior. The participants are the primary school students in Makassar by using purposive sampling approach. The participants are students who have bullying cases as a perpetrator in the last one month.Â  Observation, in-depth interview, and questionnaire are used to collect the data. Data Analysis technique employed was simple linear regression analysis. This study shows that impolite language uttered by the teacher influences studentsâ€™ bullying behaviors. Students who are used to hearing these impolite utterances from their teachers tend to commit bullying behavior verbally at schools since they tend to consider this behavior as an acceptable behavior.
İbnü’t-Tıktakā’nın el-Fahrî’sinde abbâsî sosyal hayatından izler: bir sosyal tarih denemesi
Authors: ATMACA Esra
Published: December 2020

İlk dönemlerde tarih ilminin ve bu alanda telif edilen eserlerin konusu genellikle siyasî ve askerî hadiseler olmuştur. Geçmiş toplumların sosyal yaşantılarına dair bilgilere ulaşmak için bu eserlerin dikkatle incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla makalede şiî bir tarihçi olan İbnü’t-Tıktakā’nın, İlhanlı Hükümdarı Gâzân Han’ın Musul valisi Fahreddin İsa’ya atfettiği ve onun ismiyle isimlendirdiği eseri el-Fahrî fi’l-âdâbi’s-sultâniyye ve’d-düveli’l-İslâmiyye incelenmektedir. Eserin birinci kısmı devlet adamlarına öğütler de içeren bir siyasetname hüviyetinde iken ikinci kısmı Hulefâ-i Râşidîn döneminden Abbâsî Devleti’nin yıkılışına kadarki süreci ele almaktadır. Özellikle Abbâsîler ile ilgili kısım, ulaşılamayan bazı eserlerden bilgiler barındırmaktadır. Bu makalede söz konusu eserde giyim-kuşam, yeme-içme, eğlence, inanç, sağlık gibi konular bağlamında Abbâsî toplumunun sosyal yaşamına dair bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Bahsi geçen konular hakkında pek çok detaylı bilgiye ulaşılmış olmakla birlikte bu eserde hayatları kayda değer bulunan kişiler halifeler, vezirler ve diğer devlet ricâli olduğundan bu kişilerin yaşamlarıyla ilişkili sosyal hadiselerin aktarılmış olduğu bir gerçektir. Abbâsî toplumunun sosyal hayatında büyük etkisi olan Sâsânî kültürünün özellikle de eğlence, müneccimlere gösterilen ilgi, eşya ve olaylara atfedilen uğursuzluk inancında oldukça belirgin olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu araştırma sonucunda geçmiş toplulukların sosyal hayatlarının, ağırlıklı olarak siyasî ve askerî faaliyetlerin konu edinildiği tarih kitaplarında olaylar arasına serpiştirilmiş bilgilerden yola çıkılarak öğrenilebileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
Cryogels as a solution to the issues of environmental management and trunk pipeline operation in Arctic
Authors:   Institute оf Petroleum Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science (SВ RAS), Altunina Lyubov K. , Burkov Vladimir P. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Burkov Petr V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University; Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Dudnikov Vitaly Y. ,   Ukhta State Technical University, Osadchaya Galina G. ,   Ukhta State Technical University, Ovsyannikova Varvara S. ,   Institute оf Petroleum Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science (SВ RAS), Fufaeva Maria S. ,   Institute оf Petroleum Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science (SВ RAS)
Published: December 2020

In the Russian Arctic, a soil cryostructuring technique (i.e. strengthening of soil horizons with cryogel-based composite materials with no excavation of unstable soils required) seems to be showing promise. Experiments have proven that mechanical and thermal insulation properties attributed to cryogels make them appropriate for use in strengthening and thermally insulating the soil, while their structure makes it possible to form a stable vegetation cover. Field experiments have confirmed that cryostructuring efficiently strengthens the soil layer with cryogels stimulating soil microflora. An experience of using cryotropic compositions in the oil and gas sector was described. Notably, cryogels can be used to strengthen unstable soil foundations of trunk pipelines, as well as to bind soil (e.g. on slopes). In addition, cryogels are advised for use in engineering protection to prevent the uneven settlement of a trench base and its creep: thus, cryogels are pumped into the soil of the trench bottom base to create a support system representing a spatial lattice. After the first freeze and thaw cycle, cryotropic material is formed and then increases its strength and elasticity with each new cycle. More broadly, opportunities have been considered regarding cryogels used in various engineering and geological conditions, while taking into account the outcomes of landscape and territorial analysis. It was concluded that cryogel-based composite materials are a promising innovative scientific field expanding technological capabilities for developing and using spaces and resources in the Russian Arctic.
Influence of bending radius on longitudinal stresses in long operation pipelines
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Askarov Robert М. , Gumerov Aydar К. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Karimov Rinat M. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Shamilov Khiramagomed Sh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: December 2020

Calculations of stress-strain state of pipelines are performed in accordance with the unified regulatory requirements, which do not take into account facilities operation. Thus, the limitation of minimal allowable bend radius with the value of 1000 pipe diameters (1000D) can be considered justified in relation to a new construction project, but the problem is that it is applied to all pipelines independently of its service life. At the same time the modern smart pigging technologies allow for obtaining precise data on bend radius of operated pipelines, and the diagnostics results indicate, that mandatory requirement for minimal value of 1000D frequently contradicts the actual technical condition of researched objects. The authors performed the analysis of standard formula for calculation of longitudinal stresses, considered the impact on the calculated value of its separate constituents: values of pressure, temperature difference and bend radius. The conclusion is made about the necessity for reassessment of the current regulations for scientific justification of acceptable values of pipeline longitudinal stresses. It is established, that the primary factor, which is responsible for forming the value of longitudinal stresses of the pipelines during long-term operation is the bend radius.
Experimental study of the axial movement of the pipeline in permafrost conditions with changes in soil temperature and humidity
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Bakhtizin Ramil N. , Sultanmagomedov Sultanmagomed M. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Sultanmagomedov Timur S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Gulin Denis A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Urmanova Adelia R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: December 2020

The significant part of the frozen soils, common of the northeastern regions of the laying of pipelines, loses its bearing capacity when the temperature rises to the values of melting ice. In turn, the loss of the design position of the pipeline section located in the thawed soil area causes unacceptable deformations, which can lead to incidents and accidents. The most dangerous places arise at the boundaries of sites with different soils properties, and primarily at the border of frozen and thawed soils. Currently, to evaluate the thermal interaction of pipelines with frozen thawing soils, data are used for ordinary thawed soils, however standard methods are not suitable in these cases, since they do not take into account a sharp change in the properties of frozen soils during thawing. The authors conducted studies of soil resistance (coefficient of soil reaction) to the longitudinal displacements of the pipeline depending on the temperature and humidity of the soil. For this purpose, an experimental model of a pipeline in frozen ground was developed. The main characteristics of the model and the experimental technique are described in detail. The results of studies of the coefficient of soil reaction in the longitudinal direction, as well as the ultimate shear stresses depending on the temperature and humidity of the soil, the type of soil and the depth of the pipeline are presented. The dependence of the coefficient of soil reaction on the ratio of the depth of the pipeline to its diameter is shown. It was established that at a temperature t = –8... –10 °С and humidity w = 10...15 %, the highest value of the coefficient of soil reaction is achieved. In the absence of moisture, the temperature does not affect the coefficient of soil reaction. The lowest coefficient of soil reaction for frozen soils is achieved at a positive soil temperature.
Kewenangan Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi dalam Pemberian Izin Pengelolaan Perairan di Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil
Authors: Khairi Mawardi
Published: December 2020

Lahirnya otonomi daerah telah menggeser sebagian urusan pemeritah pusat menjadi urusan pemerintahan daerah,salah satunya dalam hal perizinan di sektor kelautan,khususny di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil.Dalam penelitian ini permasalahan yang dibahas adalah tentang kewenangan pemerintah daerah provinsi dalam pemberian izin pengelolaan perairan  di wilayah pesisir  dan pulau-pulau kecil berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang pengelolaan perairan  di wilayah pesisir  dan pulau-pulau kecil. Untuk menjawab rumusan permasalahan dari penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis  atau dengan kata lain adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif (Normatif Legal Reserch) dan dapat disebut pula dengan penelitian perpustakaan, yaitu mengkaji ketentuan hukum yang berlaku serta apa yang terjadi dalam kenyataannnya di masyarakat dengan mengkaji dari sumber-sumber literatur yang ada. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dasar hukum kewenangan pemerintah daerah provinsi dalam pemberian izin pengelolaan perairan di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat di simpulkan bahwa pemerintah daerah provinsi dalam pemberian izin pengelolaan perairan  di wilayah pesisir  dan pulau-pulau kecil memiliki kewenangan di dasarkan kepada Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014,Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 dan Permen Nomor 8/PERMEN-KP/2019.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Science, Technology, Environment, Society (SETS) Untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Peserta Didik
Authors: Hardianti Fera , Setiadi Dadi , Syukur Abdul , Merta I Wayan
Published: December 2020

Literasi sains (science literacy) merupakan indikator keberhasilan dalam proses pendidikan, dan salah satu unsur pendukungnya adalah proses pembelajaran yang terintegrasi science, environment, technology, dan society (SETS). Penelitian ini bertujuanÃÂ  mengembangkan bahan ajar terintegrasi SETS untuk meningkatkanÃÂ  literasi sains peserta didik kelas VIII di MTsN 1 Mataram. Desain penelitian menggunakan Pre-test post-test Control Group Design dengan metode Research and Development (R&D). Populasi penelitian seluruh peserta didik kelas VIII MTsN 1 Mataram yang terdiri dari 5 kelas, dengan sampel kelas VIII-2 dan VIII-8 yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu tes pengetahuan literasi sains dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji MANOVA. Hasil uji coba terbatas menunjukan skor rata-rata literasi sains pada pre-test sebesar 54,86 sedangkan post-test sebesar 82,05. Hasil uji MANOVA menujukan nilai signifikan literasi sains yaitu 0,009. DataÃÂ  tersebut lebih kecil dari 0,05 (< 0,05), artinya H0ditolak, sehingga bahan ajar berbasis SETS dapat meningkatkan literasi sains.
PERAN PEMERIKSAAN ELEKTROFISIOLOGI DALAM DIAGNOSIS SINDROM MILLER-FISHER
Authors: Asmedi Ahmad , Satiti Sekar , Manson Vanende Silalahi Lothar Matheus
Published: December 2020

Sindrom Miller-Fisher merupakan salah satu varian Sindrom Guillain-Barre yang memiliki gambaran klinis unik dengan trias klasik optalmoplegia, ataksia dan arefleksia. Pemeriksaan penunjang pada Sindrom Miller-Fisher berperan penting karena beberapa kondisi penyakit juga dapat bermanifestasi seperti trias klasik Sindrom Miller-Fisher. Penunjang berupa analisis cairan serebrospinal, pencitraan otak, biomarker antibodi GQ1b telah banyak digunakan untuk menegakkan diagnosis Sindrom Miller-Fisher namun memiliki keterbatasan. Pemeriksaan elektrofisiologi kemudian banyak diteliti karena selain menunjang diagnosis dapat menjelaskan proses penyakit Sindrom Miller-Fisher.

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas peran pemeriksaan elektrofisiologi dalam diagnosis Sindrom Miller-Fisher. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa abnormalitas amplitude Sensory Nerve Action Potential (SNAP) dan H-reflex secara konsisten terjadi pada Sindrom Miller-Fisher. Abnormalitas amplitudo SNAP akan membaik dengan cepat dan reversibel sehingga diperlukan juga pemeriksaan elektrofisiologi serial untuk dapat menunjang diagnosis Sindrom Miller-Fisher. Temuan tersebut dapat diperkuat dengan hasil pemeriksaan konduksi saraf motorik, konduksi saraf sensorik dan F-wave yang normal.

Kata Kunci: Sindrom Miller-Fisher, Elektrofisiologi, Diagnosis
Posibles aportes del razonamiento analógico al problema de la abstracción y transferencia en la enseñanza de programación
Authors: D’Angelo Verónica
Published: December 2020

En este artículo de revisión se explora una posible contribución de las investigaciones sobre razonamiento analógico al problema de la transferencia en programación -en la transición entre el aprendizaje de conceptos en la escuela media y su aplicación en la universidad. La facilidad con que los alumnos construyen programas en entornos multimedia conlleva la desventaja de una dificultad para trasladar esos conceptos a los lenguajes “reales” basados en texto, probablemente porque no se ha trabajado suficiente en promover abstracciones en el nivel del problema. Según investigaciones en enseñanza de la programación, los alumnos suelen tener mayor dificultad en los niveles de abstracción superior (la comprensión del problema) que en los niveles inferiores (como la codificación). La comparación de problemas mediante razonamiento analógico es una estrategia proveniente de la psicología cognitiva extendida a diversas disciplinas. Sugerimos que su aplicación en el campo de la enseñanza de la programación podría contribuir a solucionar el problema de la dificultad de abstracción en el nivel del problema, y facilitar la transferencia.
Ansiedad y estrategias de afrontamiento
Authors: Andreo Alba , Salvador Hilario Pascual , Orteso Francisco Javier
Published: December 2020

La ansiedad es uno de los trastornos psiquiátricos más frecuentes. El afrontamiento hace referencia a las distintas formas con las que las personas se enfrentan a situaciones estresantes. Las investigaciones señalan que, a mayor ansiedad, menor uso de estrategias de afrontamiento (EA) adaptativas y mayor uso de EA desadaptativas. El objetivo general es determinar si existe relación entre la ansiedad y las EA. Se han utilizado dos muestras de participantes, con un muestreo incidental: población clínica (PC) diagnosticada de un trastorno de ansiedad (n=35) y población no clínica (PNC) sin diagnóstico de ansiedad (n=38). Los instrumentos administrados fueron: un cuestionario sociodemográfico, la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg y el Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el uso de las EA adaptativas, la PC empleaba menos que la PNC este tipo de estrategias. Además, la estrategia de reestructuración cognitiva aportó diferencias significativas, siendo menos empleada por la PC que por la PNC. La PC se dividió en dos: uno con sintomatología depresiva y otro sin ella, siendo significativamente mayor el uso de EA desadaptativas en el primer grupo respecto al segundo. En conclusión, los pacientes que presentan un trastorno de ansiedad emplean menos que la población sin diagnóstico las EA adaptativas, especialmente la reestructuración cognitiva.
Funcionamiento familiar y su relación con la satisfacción con la vida familiar en adolescentes con autismo
Authors: Delgado María Pilar , Laporta Isabel , Rebollar-González Soraya , Lahuerta Carmen
Published: December 2020

Las familias en las que algún miembro cumple criterios para el diagnóstico de Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA, en adelante) pueden presentar cierta vulnerabilidad a construir estructuras familiares disfuncionales, constituyéndose en un factor de riesgo que dificulta el desarrollo emocional de sus miembros. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo el estudio de la relación entre el tipo de estructura familiar y la satisfacción con la vida familiar de 30 adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años. Para ello, se han utilizado la Escala de Funcionamiento familiar FACES- 20 versión española y la Escala de Satisfacción con la vida de familia (ESVF). Los resultados obtenidos en esta muestra, el tipo de estructura familiar no tiene una relación estadísticamente significativa con la satisfacción de la vida familiar. No obstante, las familias relacionadas y aglutinadas son las que se relacionan de forma positiva, sugiriendo que, a mayor cohesión familiar, mayor satisfacción con la vida de familia de los adolescentes con TEA.
SAĞ POPÜLİZM VE FAŞİZM KAVRAMLARINA BOLSONARO İKTİDARINDAN BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: YILMAZ Özgür
Published: December 2020

Son dönem güç kazanan yahut iktidara gelen sağ hareketleri niteleme noktasında iki kavram öne çıkmaktadır: Bunlardan ilki sağ popülizm, ikincisi ise faşizmdir. Bu iki kavram genellikle birbirlerinin yerini ikame eder nitelikte kullanılmaktadır. Bu iki kavramın aynı türden iki kavram olup olmaması sorgulanmadan, yaratılan kavram karmaşasının önüne geçilemez. Sağ popülizm ve faşizm kavramlarının odağında yer alan isimlerden biri de Brezilya’da 2018 yılında iktidara gelen Jair Bolsonaro’dur. Bolsonaro kimilerince bir faşist, kimilerine göre ise sağ popülisttir. Dolayısıyla Bolsonaro iktidarının incelenmesinin ve nitelenmesinin ardından yapılacak bir tanımlama ile küresel çapta iktidara gelen yahut güç kazanan diğer hareketler için yaşanılan kavram karmaşasının da önüne geçecektir. Çalışmada öncelikle Bolsonaro’nun iktidara geldiği bölge olan Latin Amerika popülizmlerinin genel özellikleri incelenecek, bunun ardından Bolsonaro’dan önce Brezilya’da iktidarda olan PT iktidarının neden iktidardan düştüğü sorgulanacaktır. Daha sonra da Bolsonaro’nun geçmişi ve iktidar süreci sorgulanarak sağ popülizm-faşizm kavram karmaşasına dair bir tez geliştirilecektir. Vaka analizi üzerinden siyasal rejim incelemesi yapılacaktır.
The Role of Michaś Skobla in the Belarusian Literary Process
Authors: McMillin Arnold
Published: December 2020

The many-sided work of Michaś Skobla (b. 1966) takes a variety of forms, including that of prose writer, critic, editor, anthologist, parodist, translator, radio correspondent and lyric poet. The article aims to outline the main features of his writing, with particular emphasis on his parodies and lyric poetry, in this way showing his central role in the Belarusian literary process of today.
Josephus’s Knowledge of Scripture
Authors: Satlow Michael L.
Published: December 2020

Scholars have long debated whether Josephus learned Scripture while he was in Jerusalem or only once he got to Rome. The question intersects with, and is hard to answer without, a more general assessment of language use and the education of the (priestly) elite in Jerusalem at that time. This paper argues that Josephus knew little Hebrew and never learned to read Scripture in the original; he was, in this respect, typical of the Jewish elite. His introduction to written Scripture was in its Greek translation, in Rome.
The Effect of Gadget Usage on the Social Development of Children Aged 3-5 Years: Literature Review
Authors: Setiani Diah
Published: December 2020

The gadget is a term in English which defines a small electronic device with various functions. The use of gadgets has both positive and negative impacts. This study uses a Systematic Literature Review, a synthesis of systemic, precise, comprehensive literature studies by identifying, analyzing, evaluating through collecting existing data with an explicit search method and involving a critical review process in selecting the studies. The data used by 7 national journals were obtained from the results of screening several journals from Google Scholar and the National Library of Indonesia. Based on the results of the journals collected and the author's analysis, it was found that there was a significant influence between the use of gadgets on the social development of children aged 3-5 years. For further researchers, it is hoped that they can research with two different groups, namely the control group that uses and does not use gadgets.
Development of Regression Models for Predicting Pavement Condition Index from the International Roughness Index
Authors: Abed Muataz Safaa
Published: December 2020

Flexible pavements are considered an essential element of transportation infrastructure. So, evaluations of flexible pavement performance are necessary for the proper management of transportation infrastructure. Pavement condition index (PCI) and international roughness index (IRI) are common indices applied to evaluate pavement surface conditions. However, the pavement condition surveys to calculate PCI are costly and time-consuming as compared to IRI. This article focuses on developing regression models that predict PCI from IRI. Eighty-three flexible pavement sections, with section length equal to 250 m, were selected in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq, to develop PCI-IRI relationships. In terms of the quantity and severity of each observed distress, the pavement condition surveys were conducted by actually walking through all the sections. Using these data, PCI was calculated utilizing Micro PAVER software. Dynatest Road Surface Profiler (RSP) was used to collect IRI data of all the sections. Using the SPSS software, linear and nonlinear regressions have been used for developing two models between PCI and IRI based on the collected data. These models have the coefficients of determination (R2) equal to 0.715 and 0.722 for linear and quadratic models. Finally, the results indicate the linear and quadratic models are acceptable to predict PCI from IRI directly.
The levels of catecholamines among industrial city patients with non-valvular paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors:   State institution ", Fushtey I. M. ,   Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Podluzhnyi S. G. ,   State institution "Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Sid’ E. V. ,   State institution "Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine"
Published: December 2020

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most complex health problems in the world, as the incidence of embolic complications is 2.1 % per year among patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Currently, atrial fibrillation is considered a potentially fatal arrhythmia, given the wide range of its negative consequences associated not only with a significant deterioration in the quality of life, but also with a significant increase in the frequency of serious complications. One of the most important roles in the genesis of cardiac arrhythmias is played by the sympathoadrenal system. Elevated catecholamines levels have arrhythmogenic properties and may contribute to recurrent arrhythmias. To evaluate catecholamine levels among industrial city patients with non-valvular paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The daily excretion of norepinephrine in the 1 group was 25.95 [23.10; 32.50] mcg/day, and in the 2 group 27.90 [23.40; 32.80] mcg/day and was significantly higher in the groups of patients by 12.6 and 18.0 %, respectively, compared with the 3 group of healthy individuals, where the level of this indicator was 24.20 [22.60; 26.70] mcg/day (p < 0.05). The level of norepinephrine had the largest area under the curve (AUC = 0.64, 95% CI 0.53-0.74) among the analyzed catecholamines in the urine for the development of recurrent arrhythmia, with a cutoff point > 24.8 mcg/day sensitivity of 75.00% and specificity of 54.41 %. For norepinephrine levels > 24.8 mcg/day, the relative risk of arrhythmia recurrence was 2.63.95 % CI 1.15-6.03. The results obtained in our work indicate the involvement of the sympathoadrenal system in the course of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The level of norepinephrine had the highest quality model for the development of arrhythmia recurrence among the analyzed catecholamines, with its level exceeding 24.8 mcg/day increasing the relative risk of arrhythmia recurrence.
Screening diagnostics of schoolchildren as a tool for determining the risk of non-communicable diseases in the educational team
Authors:   State Institution «Institute of Child and Adolescent Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kharkov, Sotnikova–Meleshkina Zh. V.
Published: December 2020

Determination of risk factors due to the irrational daily regimen or its individual elements and projection the system of preventive measures onto a specific team, which differs in learning conditions, region of residence and, accordingly, a certain level of morbidity, is one of the most effective methods of prevention. The aim of the study was to determine the risk factors associated with violations of the daily regimen which lead to chronic non-communicable diseases. Using the Chi-square test according to the McNemar’s method, authors estimate the influence of violations of certain elements of the daily regimen and a healthy lifestyle on the level of pathological affection among pupils of secondary school age. By means of multiple correlation analysis authors revealed the leading pathology in the educational team in relation to the risk of the formation of non-infectious diseases, and the structure of pathological damage was represented by diseases of the circulatory system, the visual organ and adnexa, the endocrine system in the first rank positions. Based on the analysis of the elements of the daily regimen and the prevalence of its violations, a set of measures for its correction was formed, consisting of 6 blocks («Night sleep», «Hardening», «Physical activity», «Nutrition», «Visual load», «Free time»). The analysis of these measures established their maximal efficiency for neurological pathology, diseases of the cardiovascular system and respiratory organs — precisely those that occupy the first rank positions in the structure of the prevalence of childhood diseases. The development of a procedure for the timely detection of pathological conditions and the organization of effective target primary prevention of non-infectious diseases in a particular educational team with appropriate risk factors due to violation of the daily regimen becomes a significant way to reduce the level of morbidity among pupils.
Undertaking medication review by telehealth
Authors: Hanjani Leila Shafiee , Bell J Simon , Freeman Christopher
Published: December 2020

Background Medication review can be delivered using telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure ongoing provision of care to vulnerable patient populations and to minimise risk of infection for both patients and health professionals. Objective The aim of this article is to discuss the evidence related to telehealth medication reviews and provide practical considerations for conducting successful medication reviews by telehealth. Discussion Leading up to the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth technologies had been increasingly used to deliver medication review services, mainly to patients in rural and remote areas, and were accepted by patients. Available evidence suggests telehealth medication reviews may positively affect clinical and cost outcomes, but there are ongoing challenges. When delivering these services, appropriate preparation – using support people, maintaining patients’ privacy, selecting the most suitable technology on the basis of individual circumstances and ensuring good communication between healthcare professionals involved in medication review cycle of care – can help produce best results for patients.
Psychological consequences of social isolation and quarantine: Issues related to COVID-19 restrictions
Authors: Jurblum Marc , Ng Chee H , Castle David J
Published: December 2020

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the stark reality of city lockdowns, mass quarantines and social isolation worldwide. The importance of social isolation and quarantine measures to reduce community transmission of COVID-19 must be balanced against the potential impact on the psychological health of the population. Objective The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the psychological and social impacts of human isolation, how these may present and approaches to identifying and mitigating these effects. Discussion Quarantine has been associated with increased rates of suicide, anger, acute stress disorder, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, with symptoms continuing even years after quarantine ends. There are several predisposing risk factors including the inhabited environment, unique aspects of assessment as well as phenomena seen specifically among groups facing isolation together. The article provides management strategies for the general practitioner as well as indicators for referral to further psychological supports.
Русский консул Иван Степанович Ястребов о населении Косово
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Искендеров Пётр  Ахмедович
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена жизни и деятельности одного из ведущих российских дипломатов и специалистов по славянским народам Балканского полуострова И.С. Ястребова (1839–1894). Особое внимание уделено его письменным свидетельствам об условиях жизни сербов и албанцев. В статье также рассматриваются вопросы этногенеза балканских славян.
Феодосий, сербский книжник последних десятилетий XIII — первой трети XIV столети
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Гаврюшина Лидия  Константиновна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассказывается о литературной деятельности жившего в последних десятилетиях XIII — первой трети XIV в. сербского книжника Феодосия. Его перу принадлежат агиографические и гимнографические сочинения: жития, похвалы, службы и каноны сербским святым. В конце XIII в. он, находясь в афонском Хиландарском монастыре, создал пространное житие архиепископа Саввы Сербского. Опираясь на фактографическую основу жития этого святого, написанного ранее его предшественником Доментианом, книжник создал самостоятельное произведение, отличающееся беллетристичностью и глубиной психологических характеристик.
Острожская Библия 1581 г. — полный первопечатный библейский свод у восточных славян
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Лабынцев Юрий Андреевич
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматривается история издания — знаменитой Острожской библии, выпущенной в 1581 г. московским и украинским первопечатником Иваном Федоровым в имении православного магната князя К.К. Острожского в г. Остроге. Острожская библия является памятником книжной культуры мирового значения и поныне остается наиболее известным и значимым старопечатным кириллическим изданием. Ее выпуск подвел итог многовекового бытования рукописных церковнославянских переводов Священного Писания. Эта книга распространена по всему миру, но больше всего ее экземпляров хранится в России и Украине.
«Летописец» Герцеговины Прокопий Чокорило и Россия
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Мельчакова Ксения Валерьевна
Published: December 2020

В статье идет речь о герцеговинском монахе Прокопии Чокорило, авторе сочинения «Летопись Герцеговины. 1831–1857». Впервые она была опубликована на русском языке. В середине XIX в. Чокорило совершил путешествие по России, в ходе которого ему удалось собрать средства на строительство храма в Мостаре.
Болгарско-македонский поэт, журналист и переводчик Райко Жинзифов
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Фролова Марина Михайловна
Published: December 2020

В статье освещается жизненный путь известного поэта, переводчика, писателя, публициста Р. Жинзифова, творчество которого в равной степени принадлежит культурному и духовному наследию двух современных государств — Болгарии и Северной Македонии**. Обращается внимание на взаимоотношения Жинзифова с членами Московского Славянского благотворительного комитета П.И. Бартеневым и И.С. Аксаковым, раскрываются причины, из-за которых Жинзифов не вернулся после учебы в Московском университете на родину в Османскую империю, отмечается его вклад в создание литературы периода национального Возрождения и деятельность на поприще просвещения болгарского народа.
Первый национальный македонский поэт Кочо Рацин
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Шешкен Алла Геннадьевна
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена Кочо Рацину (Солеву, 1908–1943) — первому македонскому национальному поэту. Он публиковался под псевдонимом, образованном от имени девушки, в которую был безответно влюблен. Являлся участником революционного движения Югославии 1920-х — 1930-х гг. и борцом за признание македонцев отдельным народом. Погиб во время Второй мировой войны, сражаясь в партизанском отряде против фашистов. Его единственный сборник стихов «Белые рассветы» («Бели мугри», 1939) был посвящен бедственному положению народа. Мотивы социальной несправедливости и протеста против эксплуатации были главными в его творчестве. Стих Рацина органично связан с традицией македонской народной поэзии.
Протопоп Аввакум
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Гаврюшина Лидия  Константиновна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассказывается об Аввакуме Петрове (1620–1682) — видном представителе русских старообрядцев, выступавших против церковных реформ, которые были предприняты патриархом Никоном в средине XVII в. Особенное неприятие вызывали в их среде введение троеперстного крестного знамения вместо многовекового двуперстного и правка древних богослужебных книг по новопечатным греческим изданиям. Автор прослеживает трагическую судьбу ревностного протопопа, подвергавшегося властями жестоким репрессиям и в конце концов заживо сожженного по их приказу в деревянном срубе. Значительное внимание уделено в статье и литературным сочинениям Аввакума, в том числе и его первого в истории русской литературы жития-автобиографии.