bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuning the mechanical responses of 3D-printed ankle-foot orthoses: A numerical study
Authors: Peng Chenxi , Tran Phuong , Lalor Simon , Tirosh Oren , Rutz Erich
Published: June 2024

Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are frequently prescribed for children with cerebral palsy (CP) to correct specific features of abnormal gait. However, traditional AFO manufacturing and design involve labor-intensive processes and rely on subjective evaluations of clinicians. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing allow the rapid prototyping of AFOs, but the expanded design options complicate decision-making. This study aims to evaluate how AFO design affects the mechanical responses of 3D-printed AFOs. The lower limb geometry is established by a 3D-scanning system, and a prototypical AFO is designed, 3D printed, and tested under compression. A parametric study on the effect of base materials, thickness, and trimline location is conducted based on a validated numerical model. The results reveal that AFOs exhibit distinct behaviors under plantarflexion and dorsiflexion motions, with AFO stiffness correlating to thickness through a power function. AFO stiffness is more sensitive to posterior trim depth than inferior, while both trim depths significantly influence stress concentration around the ankle region. This investigation demonstrates the potential of combining 3D printing and computational modeling to improve the design and fabrication process of AFOs, providing insights into the development and customization of 3D-printed AFOs.
Subtitling Strategies of Buya Hamka Vol.1 Movie and Its Implication for Teaching Translation
Authors: Hilmi Lafziatul , Syihabbuddin Syihabbuddin
Published: June 2024

The existences of subtitling (a part of audiovisual translation) in assisting people from other countries to enjoy movies have been new breakthroughs yet challenges to film industries. Nowadays, many Indonesian movies present the richness of local languages such as Javanese language, Minangkabau language, Batak language, and other local languages accompanied by English subtitles, so the movies can be watched not only by Indonesian audiences, but also viewers from other countries. One of the movies is Buya Hamka Vol.1 movie. This study aims to reveal the subtitling strategies used in Buya Hamka Vol.1 movie and its implication to teaching translation. This was a qualitative study with content analysis design. The data were the excerpts of conversations using Minangkabaunese (source language) compared to the correspond English (target language) subtitle provided by Netflix, and were analysed by using subtitling strategies theory by Gottlieb. The result showed that transfer is the most frequently strategy found in the study because of the common word order pattern employed in Minangkabaunese and English.
Parameter estimation of biased harmonic signal
Authors: Shcherbak Volodymyr
Published: June 2024

This paper deals with the problem of asymptotically estimating amplitude, frequency and phase of a sinusoidal signal by adopting the theory of invariant relations proposed in analytical mechanics [8] and further investigated in [9, 10] (see also [11]). The problem of frequency, amplitude and phase estimation of a sinusoidal signal has attracted a remarkable research attention in the past and current literature. The reasons of this interest rely on several engineering applications where an effective and robust solution to this problem is crucial. To mention few, it is worth mentioning problems of harmonic disturbance compensation in automatic control, design of phase-looked loop circuits in telecommunication, adaptive filtering in signal processing, etc. In principle, the method of least squares, Fourier analysis, Laplace transform provide a potential solution to the corresponding problems. However, these methods may not be suitable, for example, for control algorithms with real-time data processing. The goal of this paper is to suggest a further contribution to this task by showing how to solve the problem at hand through the observer’s theory. The method of invariant relations is used for the asymptotically observation scheme design. This aproach is based on dynamical extension of original system and construct of appropriate invariant relations, from which the unknowns variables can be expressed as a functions of the known quantities on the trajectories of extended system. The final synthesis is carried out from the condition of obtaining asymptotic estimates of unknown parameters. It is shown that an asymptotic estimate of the unknown states can be obtained by rendering attractive an appropriately selected invariant manifold in the extended state space. The asymptotic convergence of the estimates of the sought phase vector components to their true value is proved. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method of solving the state observation problem of the harmonic oscillator. It should be noted that a more general approach, which forms an appropriate method for solving observation problems for nonlinear dynamical systems due to the synthesis of invariant manifold, was proposed as a modification of the I&I method (Input and Invariance) of stabilization of nonlinear systems in [12, 13].
The Effect of Exercise on Adolescent Lung Function Performance: An Observational Study in the Adolescent Community in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Anthony Jason Raharjo  , Lontoh Susy Olivia
Published: June 2024

Optimal lung function is a crucial health indicator, especially in adolescents who are in the growth and development phase. Exercise is known to have a positive impact on lung function, but research evidence on adolescents in Indonesia, especially Jakarta, is still limited. This study aims to examine the effect of exercise on the lung function performance of adolescents in Jakarta, considering the urban context with high levels of air pollution. This cross-sectional observational study involved 350 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Jakarta, randomly selected from various schools. Data collection included a physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ short version), anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference), and spirometry to assess lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify associations between exercise and lung function parameters, with adjustment for confounding factors. The results showed that physically active adolescents had significantly higher FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC values compared to less active adolescents (p < 0.001). These results remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. There was no significant relationship between age and lung function parameters. Adolescent boys have higher FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC values than girls. Height and weight are positively correlated with FEV1 and FVC. Exercise has a significant positive effect on the lung function performance of adolescents in Jakarta. These findings support the importance of promoting physical activity in adolescents to improve lung health, especially in urban environments with exposure to air pollution. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the long-term effects of exercise on adolescent lung function.
Increasing Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability Through Models Problem-Based Learning on Cube and Block Material
Authors: Wulandari Irma
Published: June 2024

This research aims to improve students' mathematical problem-solving abilities through models of problem-based learning. This research is classroom action research (PTK) conducted on 29 students in class VII.4 of SMP N 61 Palembang. Classroom action research is planned in two cycles. Each cycle goes through four stages of activity, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. Indicators of this research include understanding the problem, planning, solving the problem and interpreting the results obtained. The results obtained from this research in cycle I was through the model problem-based learning achieved an average score for the mathematical problem-solving ability of 70 in cycle I, while in cycle II it was 79.66. Based on these results it can be concluded that the model problem-based learning can improve students' mathematical problem-solving abilities in cube and block material.
ISLAMIC CENTER DI KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA
Authors: Heri Safriadi  , Qurratul  Aini
Published: June 2024

Kecamatan Suka Makmue merupakan salah satu Kecamatan yang sedang mengalami pemekaran dari 10 Kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Nagan Raya.Oleh karena itu sangat cocok untuk pembangunan sebuah sarana dan prasarana Islamic Center yang diharapkan bisa menampung segala jenis kegiatan yang bergerak dibidang Informatika Islam sperti; Masjid, Museum peninggalan bersejarah Islam, Perpustakaan Islam serta kegiatan pendidikan yang bersifat formal seperti; Sekolah Informatika Islam tingkat SMP dan Sekolah Informatika Islam tingkat SMA, dan pendidikan yang bersifat informal seperti; Perlombaan TPQ, MTQ serta tempat perayaan Maulid Nabi Besar Muhammad SAW. Konsep rancangan Islamic Center di Kabupaten Nagan Raya menerapkan konsep holism yaitu penerapan keseluruhan prinsip-prinsip green architecture yang ramah lingkungan dan sedikit menkonsumsi sumber daya alam, termasuk energi, air, dan material, serta sedikit menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan sehingga mampu memberikan citra bagi masyarakat Kabupaten Nagan Raya serta karakter tersendiri bagi bangunan Islamic Center Kabupaten Nagan Raya itu sendiri. Rancangan Islamic Center di Kabupaten Nagan Raya diawali dengan pendekatan studi literatur dari studi objek sejenis, studi lapangan (survey) dan penekanan tema pada bangunan sehingga dapat menghasilkan satu desain rancangan yang sesuai dengan kondisi tapak, lingkungan dan potensi tapak serta jumlah pemakai bangunan itu sendiri. Rancangan Islamic Center di Kabupaten Nagan Raya memiliki luasan lahan 3 Ha (Hektar) dan jumlah pemakai bangunan Islamic Center 5% dari jumlah keseluruhan penduduk Kabupaten Nagan Raya yaitu 8.356 jiwa.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DIMENSI DERMAGA PELABUHAN JETTY UJONG KAREUNG KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT
Authors: Akmal Akmal , Munandar Aris
Published: June 2024

Pelabuhan adalah tempat yang terdiri dari daratan dan perairan disekitarnya dengan batasbatas tertentu sebagai tempat kegiatan pemerintahan dan kegiatan ekonomi yang dipergunakan sebagai tempat kapal bersandar, berlabuh, naik turun penumpang dan bongkar muat barang yang dilengkapi dengan fasilitas keselamatan pelayaran dan kegiatan penunjang pelabuhan serta sebagai tempat perpindahan intra dan antar moda transportasi. Ukuran panjang dan tipe dermaga serta sandar kapal yang digunakan berpengaruh pada saat kapal merapat ke dermaga. Dapatkah sandar kapal atau bumper tipe A meredam benturan yang terjadi saat kapal akan merapat ke dermaga atau ketika kapal bergoyang oleh arus gelombang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan ukuran panjang dan sandar kapal pada dermaga pelabuhan Jetty Ujong Kareung Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengukuran dan pengambilan data serta menganalisis ukuran panjang dermaga dan sandar kapal. Ukuran dermaga 95 m, kedalaman 6 m, kapasitas sandar 3000 dwt, daya tampung 30 ton/m, trestle 27,5 x 12 m, kemampuan 3 ton causeway 12 x 145 m, bolder 5 buah, fender 19 buah, mouring buoy 2 buah, tanah area pelabuhan 3513 m2, gudang 575 m2. Pada dermaga tersebut merapat tiga jenis kapal yaitu : kapal KM. Pundi Rezeki GT 1803 NT 996 berupa kapal pengangkut minyak sawit dengan panjang 69,64 m, dan lebar 18,29, kapal KM. Sabuk Nusantara 35 berupa kapal pengangkut semen dengan panjang 65 m dan lebar 13 m. Kapal MV. Rimba Raya berupa kapal pengangkut crude oil dengan panjang 72 m dan lebar 20 m. Sandar kapal pada dermaga ini dengan jarak 10 meter dengan tipe A yang berjumlah keseluruhan 19 buah, dengan dimensi sandar kapal 1 x 2 meter. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa dermaga pelabuhan Jetty Ujong Kareung Kabupaten Aceh Barat berupa ukuran panjang dan sandar kapal pada dermaga tersebut masih layak digunakan, dengan sedikit perbaikan serta pemeliharan secara berkala.
IDENTIFIKASI DAMPAK BENCANA TSUNAMI TERHADAP PERMUKIMAN MASYARAKAT DI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Widya Soviana  , Eva Herlina  , Saryulis
Published: June 2024

Permukiman di Kota Banda Aceh terus berkembang pasca bencana tsunami pada 26 Desember 2004. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari pertumbuhan permukiman yang terjadi setiap tahunnya. Kecenderungan masyarakat untuk tinggal di kota menjadikan wilayah Kota Banda Aceh mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk yang disertai dengan berkembangnya permukiman baru. Tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bencana tsunami terhadap pertumbuhan permukiman, arah pertumbuhan permukiman serta sarana dan prasarana di Kota Banda Aceh. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 100 orang responden. Metode statistika yang digunakan adalah uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik quota sampling dengan pengolahan data menggunakan software SPSS versi 24 dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil uji validitas kondisi pertumbuhan permukiman diperoleh nilai r hitung (0,572) > r tabel (0,195), arah pertumbuhan permukiman diperoleh nilai r hitung (0,407) > r tabel (0,195), sedangkan pada kondisi sarana dan prasarana diperoleh nilai r hitung (0,404) > r tabel (0,195). Hasil uji reliabilitas nilai Cronbach’s Alpha kondisi pertumbuhan permukiman sebesar (0,670), arah pertumbuhan permukiman sebesar (0,655), dan kondisi sarana dan prasarana sebesar (0,614) yang berarti nilai reliabilitasnya mencukupi dengan nilai kritis Cronbach’s Alpha 0,6. Hasil analisis deskriptif rekapitulasi nilai mean untuk kondisi pertumbuhan permukiman sebesar 3,94 yang menunjukkan baiknya pertumbuhan permukiman di Kota Banda Aceh. Pada arah pertumbuhan permukiman diperoleh nilai mean sebesar 3,97 di mana ini juga menunjukkan arah pertumbuhan permukiman yang semakin baik terjadi di wilayah Kota Banda Aceh. Nilai mean tertinggi diperoleh untuk kondisi sarana dan prasarana di wilayah Kota Banda Aceh yakni sebesar 4,24. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dampak bencana tsunami telah menyebabkan pertumbuhan permukiman, arah permukiman serta sarana dan prasarana kota di Banda Aceh relatif semakin baik.
Desarrollo de Estrategias de Educación y Aprendizaje en México ante la Pandemia
Authors: Morales Benítez Brenda Ivonne , Morales Hernández Ramiro , Villalobos Aguayo Patricia , Ríos Oliveros Luis Amador
Published: June 2024

La llegada de la pandemia a nivel mundial conllevo una serie de cambios en todos los ámbitos; en México se emitieron estrategias en los diferentes sectores uno de los cuales fue en la esfera educativa, lo que ocasiono innovaciones en la enseñanza sobre todo en el sector público, lo que permitió continuar con el ciclo escolar. Como parte de las estrategias encontradas fue el capacitar a los docentes para las clases a distancia que aunque algunas escuelas ya lo implementaban no así en su totalidad. La investigación se realiza a un total de 510 estudiantes de nivel medio superior, superior y posgrado en donde se encontró que en el 60% de los educandos cuenta con una familia la cual demanda recursos económicos para su manutención,  el 72% de la población de la muestra tuvo afectaciones en lo que respecta al empleo sin embargo debido a las estrategias adoptadas por las instituciones en su mayoría se logro salvar el ciclo escolar pero existe una parte de la población que aunque fue mínima tuvo razones de abandono escolar derivado de las condiciones económicas.
Materiales Didácticos para la Enseñanza A Niños con Discapacidad Auditiva en el Nivel Preescolar de la Institución Educativa Lacides C. Bersal
Authors: Izquierdo Sánchez Rosa , Torres Valdelamar Lilibeth
Published: June 2024

El presente articulo muestra el estudio realizado en la Institución Educativa Lacides C. Bersal en niños con discapacidad auditiva del grado de preescolar. Se observo detalladamente la metodología de enseñanza empleada por los docentes  para estos niños y se logró identificar materiales didácticos que permitieron un mayor desarrollo integral en niños con discapacidad auditiva (DA). Ademas, se implementaron materiales didácticos idóneos para la enseñanza en niños de preescolar con DA. Es una investigación de enfoque cualitativo, ya que, mediante la observación de los niños y el entorno natural se pudieron seleccionar bajo análisis exhaustivo los materiales de mayor impacto para el desarrollo integral en niños con discapacidad.  Además es una investigación acción con el fin de aportar mejores resultados a la problemática. La muestra está representada por un estudiante quien es quien tiene la discapacidad y la docente con sus métodos de enseñanza tradicionales para este niño. Los resultados muestran como el uso de materiales didácticos resulta ser una gran ayuda en la enseñanza – aprendizaje en niños con discapacidad, estos pueden generar estimulación multisensorial adecuada, la comprensión de conceptos abstractos que resultan ser difíciles de entender a niños con DA, se logra motivar y  proporcionan oportunidades para la práctica activa y la consolidación de habilidades y conceptos.
Epilepsia Secundaria Heterotopía Subcortical Bilateral, Reporte de Caso
Authors: Ulloa Gutiérrez Luis Felipe , Gómez Valverde Jessica , Guerrón Revelo Daniela Karina
Published: June 2024

Las heterotopías de la sustancia negra se consideran malformaciones comunes del desarrollo cortical y se clasifican en tres grupos principales: subependimaria, subcortical y heterotopía en banda; en base a su localización por fuera de la corteza cerebral. Así mismo el tipo subcortical se puede clasificar de acuerdo con su presentación en los hallazgos por imagen en tres tipos principalmente: nodular, curvilínea y de tipo mixto cuando posee componentes de las dos mencionadas anteriormente. La heterotopía subcortical se considera como acúmulos de grupos neuronales de morfología normal en localizaciones anormales, por lo general en la sustancia blanca profunda, debido a una alteración o detención en la migración neuronal desde la matriz germinal hacia la corteza cerebral. Estos pacientes presentan síntomas durante la primera y segunda década de vida, siendo las crisis convulsivas las principales. Pueden también estar acompañados de síntomas motores y trastornos en el desarrollo, dependiendo del tamaño y el área de afectación de la heterotopía.  La resonancia magnética se considera el método de imagen recomendado para el estudio de estas alteraciones. Esta modalidad ofrece un gran contraste entre la sustancia gris y blanca poniendo de manifiesto dichas lesiones de localización ectópica, con intensidad de señal similar a la sustancia gris en todas las secuencias y que no presentan edema ni captación con el medio de contraste. Además, nos aporta un gran detalle para identificar posibles lesiones o malformaciones que pueden estar acompañando a esta entidad, y tiene la ventaja de ser un método diagnóstico seguro que no emite radiaciones ionizantes.
Acute myocardial infarction associated with cocain use in young patient
Authors: Doan Chi Thang
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Acute myocardial infarction may occur following cocaine abuse. Cocaine-induced infarction is particularly common in younger patients aged 18 to 45 years old. Patients may or may not have evidence of coronary artery disease at the time of symptom presentation. We report the case of a 17 - year - old male patient who had an acute myocardial infarction after cocaine abuse and had underwent emergency coronary intervention. Our case highlights important treatment taken in dealing with this acute scenario.

Case report: Male, 17 years old, history of cocain use in 2 days, smoking 1 pack.year, no history of disease or appearance of symptoms related to cardiovascular before. The patient was admitted to the hospital in the context of intermittent shortness of breath with constant pain in the chest behind the sternum. Laboratory tests aim to diagnose acute myocardial infarction. The patient underwent emergency coronary angiography and intervention with 2 stents in the left anterior descending artery and the right coronary artery. After coronary intervention, the patient is awake, no chest pain, and vital signs are stable.

Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction is rare, but is a serious consequence of cocain use. Clinicians should consider interrogating all young patients presented to the emergency department with acute chest pain for cocaine abuse. Also, appropriate addiction management in this patient population is considered important secondary prevention strategy that helps reduce the risk of future cardiovascular events.
Online Dispute Redressal – A Blessing or Havoc
Authors: . Utkarshika , Mishra Amalendu
Published: June 2024

The role of online dispute resolution in arbitration of conflicts and objections in the most effective and expeditious manner known to date should no longer be neglected. For some, on- line education is a wonderful thing because it is very convenient and open to all but there are those who say that it may cause even further complexities and bewilderment. This paper takes a look into the advantages and constraints of Online Dispute Resolution, evaluating their effect on the different interest groups and the whole judicial system. Digital dispute redressal analysis is designed to examine various aspects and tell us whether this tool serves as an effective solution or the potential source of problems in the legal landscape. In the digital age, with the advent of online platforms, it is digitalization not only we have innovated but also the process of resolution of disputes. This paper examines and explore the nuanced online dispute redressal space, where they can be classified as either a blessing or creations of chaos. This research explores the utility of ODR by giving its pros and cons. A successful pursuit of the study is expected since it shall provide insights into the effectiveness, fairness and impact of ODR on judicial systems and society. The paper evaluates the process of ODR platforms, their technological foundations, the way they increase the access to justice while looking at the problems such as data security, cyber threats or algorithmic prejudice. Moreover, this paper examines the role of regulatory frameworks in forming the narrative of ODR and suggests approaches for extracting the most out of the ODR system while at the same time preventing possible inherent problems associated with it. By pointing out the relationship between technology, legal aspects and people's behaviour, this study leads to complex understanding of the implications of online dispute redressal making the ground for proper policy making and justice advancement in the digital age.
Centenary Paper: Mishnaic Translations in Late Medieval Spain: On Some Known and Unknown Manuscripts
Authors: GUTWIRTH ELEAZAR
Published: June 2024

Amongst the various translations from Hebrew into Spanish produced in medieval Spain, those of Mishnaic tractates are inspiring scholarly interest in recent decades. The present article is concerned with some aspects of these texts. Particularly interesting are the questions of attitudes to them; their cultural/ intellectual significance and function; what they tell us about languages in the late medieval Iberian Peninsula. Finally, the article presents an edition of a previously unknown MS of such a translation from the Cairo Geniza.
Maximizing Learning Outcomes while Minimizing Costs: A Cost-Effective Approach to M-Learning
Authors: B. Suresh Kumar  , M. S. Hemawathi  , P. Dhanasekaran  , Vishnu Kumar Kaliappan  , D. Sivaganesan
Published: June 2024

In the realm of education, the pursuit of effective learning outcomes often faces the challenge of limited resources. This paper explores the intersection of maximizing learning outcomes and minimizing costs through a cost-effective approach to mobile learning (m-learning). Recognizing the ubiquitous presence of mobile devices and their potential to revolutionize learning, this study explores strategies that leverage the capabilities of mobile technology while being mindful of budgetary constraints. By leveraging the flexibility and accessibility offered by m-learning platforms, educators can design engaging and interactive learning experiences that cater to diverse learners needs. The paper investigates various cost-effective methodologies, including utilizing open-source software, repurposing existing resources, and adopting collaborative learning environments. Furthermore, it examines the role of scalable technologies and adaptive learning algorithms in optimizing resource allocation and personalizing learning experiences. Through case studies and empirical analysis, this research illustrates how institutions and educators can achieve significant cost savings without compromising the quality of educational delivery. Ultimately, the findings highlight the transformative potential of a cost-effective approach to m-learning in enhancing learning outcomes and widening access to education.
Aspiring and Deprecating Female Influencers: Communicative Capitalism and the Positioning of Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Suh HaeLim
Published: June 2024

Given the relative ease of joining an e-commerce market via social media platforms, expectations have risen about the role of communication technology and social networks in advancing gender equality in economic participation. South Korean women influencers, in particular, are selling various items using their popularity on social networks. They represent themselves as successful, passionate, gorgeous businesswomen with glamorous lifestyles. These individual influencers exemplify neoliberal ideals, branding and marketing themselves as independent and autonomous creators able to fashion their own destinies in the endless competition of the market. Recently however, heated deinfluencing trends against them have grown in strength and intensity, deprecating these women as nonprofessional, mass-deceptive online vendors. It has become common to describe them with the derogatory term “palyi people.” Against this backdrop, the current study questions the ability of digitalized online technology to empower women coming along with the ideas of neoliberalism and postfeminism. Using the concept of communicative capitalism, this study will analyze the images and texts created and circulated within the social media sphere by six popular female influencers and their followers. Through this data, this study aims to grasp how the free communicative activities of female influencers and their followers on social media negatively position women entrepreneurs in the techno-cultural era.
Dalla sovranità alla convivialità: strategie di sopravvivenza agroalimentare in Sardegna
Authors: Parascandolo Fabio , Fadda Maurizio
Published: June 2024

A differenza di altri contesti geografici del mondo mediterraneo caratterizzati dalla continentalità e da intense interconnessioni commerciali, l'isola di Sardegna – in particolare nelle sue aree interne e montane – è rimasta per millenni popolata da comunità rurali che dovevano contare sulle loro sole forze per sopravvivere. Ciò ha comportato l'instaurazione di sistemi agropastorali di sussistenza e autogestione collettiva al livello locale nella trasformazione e nell’uso delle risorse naturali, e in particolare del cibo. La situazione agroalimentare dei Sardi è infine profondamente mutata dopo un lungo periodo di trasformazioni giuridiche e agrarie, avviatesi nell'era del riformismo sabaudo, con la progressiva affermazione di modelli esogeni di agricoltura da reddito (in primis la pastorizia/zootecnia ovina). Il Novecento è stato il secolo decisivo di questa radicale trasformazione, e tuttavia forme di radicamento alla terra in comunità insediate e di vicinato sono rimaste ancora cospicue nell'isola, soprattutto in centri inferiori ai 10.000 abitanti. A un inquadramento generale del tema affiancheremo la descrizione di alcuni modelli di iniziative per la sovranità alimentare che recuperano aspetti di “radicamento” alimentare (tra cui i GAS - Gruppi di Acquisto Solidale e una Cooperativa di consumo di prodotti alimentari costituitasi a Cagliari), reinterpretandolo nei tempi attuali. Questi e altri fenomeni similari mettono in evidenza l'importanza delle istanze di accesso responsabile ad appropriati sistemi agroalimentari per un miglioramento delle condizioni sociali e ambientali.
«È stato perché sono uscita di casa». Esperienze di prostitute a confronto con i modelli di femminilità proposti a Mekelle (Tigray, Etiopia)
Authors: Vatteroni Altea
Published: June 2024

Prendendo in prestito i racconti di alcune prostitute della città di Mekelle, si discuteranno i due modelli di femminilità – moderno e tradizionale – che vengono proposti dalla società etiope contemporanea. Si rifletterà sia sulle contraddizioni che tali modelli identitari introducono, forzando le donne a compiere scelte mai del tutto sicure, sia sulla loro pervasività, che permea i discorsi e i comportamenti anche quando esse se ne allontanano. Risulta così una realtà molto confusa, continuamente in bilico tra ciò che si dovrebbe e ciò che si vorrebbe fare, che costringe le donne a comportamenti che sembrano un tentativo di riscatto in chiave di una nuova modernità.
La «catena calda»: un’etnografia dell’allattamento a partire dai margini
Authors: Riina Martina
Published: June 2024

Il presente contributo è il risultato di una ricerca etnografica incentrata sull’analisi dell’allattamento materno, da intendere come pratica del corpo attorno alla quale si condensano particolari significati sociali e culturali; infatti, lungi dal poter essere identificato solo con la sua funzione biologica e nutrizionale, l’allattamento risulta fortemente legato a norme, valori e relazioni che molto ci dicono sul rapporto tra i generi e in particolare sull’esperienza della maternità, sul ruolo della donna, sulle percezioni e sulle pratiche che interessano il corpo femminile. Il latte materno, allo stesso modo, veicola significati, appartenenze, alleanze e simboli, ben al di là della sua funzione di alimento che nutre e fortifica, divenendo anche “luogo” in cui si scorgono credenze e saperi che ne guidano l’utilizzo e la circolazione. L’esplorazione etnografica attraverso la quale vengono affrontate queste tematiche, parte dai quartieri popolari e marginali di Palermo e si spinge sino a Novara, nell’intento di instaurare una comparazione attraverso la quale sia possibile comprendere gli elementi che influenzano, favoriscono o scoraggiano la pratica di allattare al seno, in relazione ai dettami della comunità scientifica sanitaria che, oggi più che mai, insiste sulla sua centralità nella salute materno-infantile, dando alle madri indicazioni specifiche, e a volte additando come scorrette, imprudenti o irresponsabili coloro che non le seguono. Le testimonianze delle interlocutrici della ricerca dimostrano, invece, che ciò che davvero influenza le scelte, al di là dei buoni intenti, è il contesto sociale, la condizione economica e lavorativa, l’accesso alle risorse e ai servizi, i rapporti tra i generi e il background educativo e culturale: tutti elementi che determinano forme di accudimento che necessitano costantemente supporto e attenzione in molteplici forme: una «catena calda» di relazioni, condivisione e sostegno. L’indagine etnografica dialoga con la letteratura di riferimento attraverso un approccio fortemente transdisciplinare, dove la prospettiva antropologica risulta nutrita di studi di genere, sociologia, psicologia, storia sociale e pedagogia critica.
«È per aiutare i giovani»? Note sulla produzione della copra sull’isola di Ouvéa (Kanaky-Nuova Caledonia)
Authors: Capece Greta Maria
Published: June 2024

La Kanaky-Nuova Caledonia è uno dei contesti post-coloniali del Pacifico con più disparità interne, soprattutto tra i giovani kanak, autoctoni del paese, e non kanak, di origine sia europea sia pacifico-asiatica. Quale parte di un’etnografia svolta tra febbraio 2020 e ottobre 2020, l’articolo si propone di presentare, all’interno del primo gruppo, delle note sui meccanismi di riproduzione delle disuguaglianze, attraverso la delineazione delle traiettorie sociali e lavorative dei giovani produttori di copra sull’isola di Ouvéa. A tali fini, sarà presentato un caso di studio su una fase particolare della filiera, ovvero l’essiccazione.
Childhood poisoning: a 10-year experience in a tertiary hospital in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Iheji Chukwunonso Chigozie , Onu Ngozi Nancy , Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka , Usuah Joshua Alexander , Iheji Grace Ugochi , Ndu Ikenna Kingsley
Published: June 2024

Childhood Poisoning is a common cause of emergency room presentation, more so in underdeveloped countries where it contributes to a high incidence of hospitalization with variability in morbidity and mortality. This study retrospectively assessed the sociodemographic profiles, poisoning agents, clinical features and management of cases of childhood poisoning admitted at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu. It was a 10-year retrospective study of all the cases of childhood poisoning admitted within the period of study at the Children’s Emergency Room of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu. The prevalence of childhood poisoning in the study was 0.3%. Of all the subjects, 78.4% were ≤5 years and more than half were males and from lower socioeconomic classes. Accidental poisoning accounted for 70.3%; the predominant agents were kerosene and organophosphates. Palm oil was used by 67.6% of the participants as an intervention before presentation. Pneumonitis was the most common complication. Patients with peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 95% were 14 times more likely to have complications than those with SpO2 ≥ 95%. The duration of hospital stay was ≤3 in 59% of the cases and no mortality was recorded in this study.Childhood poisoning remains prevalent in our environment with kerosene being the commonest agent. Palm oil administration as a predominant pre-hospital intervention worsens outcomes. Duration of hospitalization depends on SpO2 at presentation, need for antibiotic therapy, and intention.
The Influence of Cultural Background Information on Emotional Body Language Recognition
Authors: Xu Erjia , Hu Ping
Published: June 2024

Culture shapes how people express and feel emotions in specific situations and certain aspects of emotions vary across cultures. Body expressions are as powerful as facial expressions in conveying emotions, with North Americans tending to exhibit more exaggerated emotional body language (EBL) than East Asians (Scherer et al., 2018). Our study used two experiments to explore whether individuals' emotion recognition of EBL was affected by cultural background information. Experiment 1 recruited fifty Chinese participants to explored whether individual recognition of emotions was affected by the cultural background of the expresser. We found that participants were more likely to perceive the expresser as an American for high-arousal emotions and to perceive the expresser as a Chinese for low-arousal emotions. Thiry-eight Chinese participants were recruited in Experiment 2a and Experiment 2b respectively. The results (2a) showed that when the expressers were contextualized within an American cultural environment, participants demonstrated faster reaction times and higher accuracy in recognizing happiness, anger, and fear EBL as opposed to a Chinese cultural environment. However, when the identity of the expressers was ‘American’ or ‘Chinese’, there were no significant difference in the participants' recognition of the expressers's emotions (2b). In conclusion, cultural background information plays a significant role in emotion recognition and cross-cultural communication.
The Rand at war 1899-1902: The Witwatersrand and the Anglo-Boer War
Authors: Wessels André
Published: June 2024

No abstract available.
Records of Natal, III, August 1835 - June 1838
Authors: Hummel H.C.
Published: June 2024

No abstract available.
Improving the interoperability of a Function‐as‐a‐Service platform using an orchestration framework with a cloud‐agnostic approach
Authors: Adhoni Zameer Ahmed , Narayan Dayananda Lal
Published: June 2024

Function‐as‐a‐Service (FaaS) applications suffer from cold‐start latency owing to their high execution time and memory usage. We propose a FaaS orchestration framework based on a cloud‐agnostic approach for application and data interoperability. The framework's performance is evaluated on the web application of a student attendance system for online learning. The test system comprises 300 records from 50 students across five courses. Through optional file elimination, entry recognition, optional function generation, and function‐level rewriting, the proposed orchestration framework suitably manages the storage of the student attendance records. The framework notably contributes to the student attendance web application by ensuring scalable, reliable, and efficient operations. Various evaluation measures confirm the effectiveness of the orchestration framework. These measures include cold/warm‐start execution time, cold/warm‐start memory usage, and zip execution time. An empirical analysis reveals that our framework reduces the execution time by 2 s –15 s and memory usage by 1MB–3 MB for the evaluated application.
Dynamic Modelling and Validation of Hoses in an HVAC Circuit
Authors: Buchegger Blasius , Sonnberger Pius , Böhler Elmar , Nijman Eugene , Rejlek Jan , Billermann Robert , Krüger Yannik
Published: June 2024

The structure-, fluid- and air-borne excitation generated by heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) compressors can lead to annoying noise and low frequency vibrations in the passenger compartment. These noise and vibration phenomena are of great interest to ensure a high passenger comfort of electric vehicles (EV). This publication describes the development of a numerical finite element (FE) model of the HVAC system and the simulation results of structure-borne sound transmission from the compressor via the HVAC hoses to the vehicle body in a frequency range up to 1 kHz. The simulation results were validated with measurements. An existing automotive HVAC system was fully replicated in the laboratory. Vibration levels were measured on the compressor and on the car body side of the hoses under different operational conditions. Additional measurements were carried out using external excitation of the compressor in order to distinguish between structure- and fluid-borne transmission. The finite element models of the hoses were characterised with regard to their structure-borne sound transmission properties using the results of experimental tests. Strong temperature and pressure dependence were observed and taken into account in the numerical models. A complete FE model of the HVAC system was constructed. A rigid body compressor model was generated, and the excitation vector assessed inversely such as to replicate the measured source levels. It will be shown that (i) in order to obtain sufficiently accurate results rotational degrees of freedom of the source (compressor flanges) must be included, (ii) that temperature effects cannot be omitted and (iii) that dynamic interaction between compressor and hoses must be accounted for in order to simulate low frequency vibration transmission. Furthermore, it could be concluded that fluid-borne excitation cannot be neglected.
Advanced Simulation Method for Wind Noise Vehicle Design
Authors: Mordillat Philippe , Zerrad Mehdi , Errico Fabrizio
Published: June 2024

Summary: With the electrification of powertrains, noise inside vehicles has reached very satisfactory levels of silence. Powertrain noise, which used to dominate on combustion-powered vehicles, is now giving way to other sources of noise: rolling noise and wind noise. These noises are encountered when driving on roads and freeways and generate considerable fatigue on long journeys.

Wind noise is the result of turbulent and acoustic pressure fluctuations created within the flow. They are transmitted to the passenger compartment via the vibro-acoustic excitation of vehicle surfaces such as windows, floorboards, and headlining.

Because of their mechanical properties, windows are the surfaces that transmit the most noise into the passenger compartment. Even though acoustic pressure is much weaker in amplitude than turbulent pressure fluctuations, it still accounts for most of the noise perceived by occupants. This is because its wavelength is closer to the characteristic wavelengths of glass vibration, making it more efficient at propagating through cabin glazing.

Accurate modeling of these phenomena requires the coupling of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and high-frequency vibro-acoustic simulations. Among other things, CFD simulations must reproduce the creation and propagation of acoustic waves in the airflow around the vehicle; the Lattice-Boltzmann method is used for this purpose. The vibro-acoustic simulations must enable the coupling between the external aero-acoustic loading on the glazing and the propagation of noise in the passenger compartment to the occupants’ ears.
Numerical Study of Application of Gas Foil Bearings in High-Speed Drivelines
Authors: Mandapalli Prithvi Raju , Hoefler Dieter , Rohani Rezvan
Published: June 2024

The commitment to environmentally friendly transportation calls for efficient solutions with the evolution of automotive industry. Turbochargers are an important part of this development. The application of Gas or Air Foil Bearings (GFB) instead of traditional hydrodynamic bearings is recently very noticed, with which the fuel consumption, and emissions can be minimized as well as decreasing the maintenance costs and increasing the reliability. However, low viscosity of gas leads to lower dynamic stiffness and damping characteristics resulting in low load carrying capacity and instability at higher speeds. Gas bearings can be enhanced by adding a foil structure commonly known as gas foil bearings whose dynamic stiffness can be tailored by modifying the geometry and the material properties resulting in better stability and higher load carrying capacity. A detailed study is required to assess the performance of high-speed rotor systems supported on GFBs, therefore in this study a bump type GFB is analyzed for its static and dynamic characteristics. The static characteristics are obtained by solving the non-linear Reynolds equation through an iterative procedure. The dynamic characteristics i.e. stiffness and damping coefficients are obtained through a perturbation method, also a direct method to evaluate the stiffness coefficients is obtained and compared. Finite difference method (FDM) is used to solve the system of equations numerically. Two methods of computing the static pressure distribution are evaluated and compared through a detailed static analysis considering the influence of different parameters i.e., eccentricity, clearance, rotor speed and foil compliance of the GFBs on the load carrying capacity. Next, the influence of different parameters of the GFBs on the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients is also presented.
Comparing the NVH Behaviour of an Innovative Steel-Wood Hybrid Battery Housing Design to an All Aluminium Design
Authors: Wagner Markus , Baumann Georg , Lindbichler Lukas , Klanner Michael , Feist Florian
Published: June 2024

The production of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has a significant environmental impact, with up to 50 % of their lifetime greenhouse gas potential attributed to manufacturing processes. The use of sustainable materials in EV design is therefore crucial for reducing their overall carbon footprint. Wood laminates have emerged as a promising alternative due to their renewable nature. Additionally, wood-based materials offer unique damping properties that can contribute to improved Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) characteristics. Compared to conventional materials such as aluminium, wooden structures exhibit significantly higher damping properties.

In this study, the potential of lightweight wood composites, specifically steel-wood hybrid structures, is investigated as a potential composite material for battery housings for electric vehicles. Experiments have been performed in order to determine the modal parameters, such as natural frequencies and damping ratios. These parameters where used to validate a free-free steel-wood hybrid beam simulation model. The numerical model was subsequently used to analyse the effect of the wood–steel adhesive on the natural frequencies and to compare a steel-wood hybrid battery housing to a aluminium based battery housing. The presented results in conjunction with literature data demonstrate that steel-wood hybrid structures can provide attractive stiffness properties at low weights while utilizing the excellent damping properties inherent in plywood. These properties can contribute to an improved noise and vibration behaviour, which could improve passenger comfort while reducing the life cycle greenhouse gas potential of the structural battery pack components by up to 50 %. The utilization of steel-wood hybrid structures within the battery pack of an EV may also contribute to a reduction in vibration-induced cell degradation, attributed to the higher damping characteristics inherent in these composite materials.

This research contributes to the field of sustainable EV design by exploring the advantages of wood composites in the context of NVH optimization. The utilization of steel-wood hybrid structures represents a novel approach to exploit the unique properties of both materials, combining stiffness and damping characteristics. This study offers a pathway towards reducing the environmental impact of EV production while improving the NVH performance of electric vehicles, by incorporating sustainable materials like wood laminates into battery pack design.
A Study on RANC Technique for Server-Based Control Filter Optimization
Authors: Oh ChiSung , Ih Kang-Duck , Kim Hyounsuk
Published: June 2024

Active noise control systems use multi-channel references to increase coherence. Additionally, multiple speakers are used to control multiple control positions and broad band frequency. Because of this, even though the control filter update operation is performed in the frequency domain, the amount of calculation is very large, so an expensive and high-performance DSP must be used. If the control filter update operation, which is performed by the controller mounted on the vehicle, is calculated on the server, low-specification DSP can be used in the local vehicle, thereby reducing costs. Moreover, it has the advantage of being able to freely apply performance improvement algorithms using the server's abundant computing power. In this study, considering a wireless network real-time control system, the maximum delay time is analyzed to maintain control performance. When network speed is low and data errors occurred, we studied countermeasures to correct data errors at the receiving location. Accelerometer and microphone sensor signals are transmitted from the local controller to the server using a commercial wireless network service, and the server receives them and generates an updated control filter through a control algorithm. The generated control filter is transmitted from the server to the local controller and can be applied to the control sound generation algorithm to increase control performance. In addition, we developed a system that allows tuning of control variables and analysis of convergence performance when creating a control filter in the server. In this study, we developed a server-based active noise control system that updates control filters on a server based on wireless network, thereby reducing the cost of in-vehicle controllers, expanding control flexibility, and securing a foundation for performance improvement, thereby establishing a foundation for expanding application of active noise control technology to other vehicles which is limited due to high cost of local ANC controller.