bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ АНОНІМНОЇ МАРШРУТИЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Файчук В. О.
Published: February 2024

Numerous solutions have been created for online anonymous communication. We do evaluations of security on several systems. We examine features such as Onion Routing, anonymous VPN services, probabilistic anonymity, and deterministic anonymity among different systems. There are also additional forms of anonymous communication that are discussed, including messaging, peer-to-peer communication, using the web, emailing, and using other Internet apps. We then go on to show several attack methods that aim to identify people who communicate anonymously. The objective of the research is to achieve an exact adjust between guaranteeing the adequacy and dependability of message delivery and ensuring customer anonymity. The NIAR model's non-interactive highlight makes it more valuable since it licenses secure communication without requiring nonstop client support. Communication privacy is threatened by an ever-growing volume of data generated by an ever-growing number of networked devices. Because of this, Anonymous Communication Systems (ACSs)—which offer the privacy qualities of anonymity, unsinkability, and observability—are recommended to conceal the relationship between transmitted communications and their senders and recipients. The objective of this essay is to evaluate the literature on Dining Cryptographers Networks (DCNs) in the subject of ACSs. Since the DCN-based techniques offer unconditional guarantees of observability, they are information-theoretically safe. Their computation and communication expense was considered high at the time, and scalability issues arose, which originally impeded their use for anonymous communications. By satisfying these targets, the research improves the state of encrypted communication systems and opens the door to a day when protecting client security will be a best need without sacrificing message delivery's significant dependability and efficiency.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДИНАМІКИ НЕЗРІВНОВАЖЕННОГО РОТОРА З ВІБРУЮЧОЮ ВІССЮ
Authors: Ярошевич М.П. , Пуць В.С. , Мартинюк В.Л. , Мелесь П.П.
Published: February 2024

Розглядаються стаціонарні (близько стаціонарні) режими обертання незрівноваженого ротора з частотою коливань осі. З позицій вібраційної механіки наводяться пояснення механізму вібраційного захоплення обертання незрівноваженого ротора; продемонстровано, що динамічний (вібраційний) момент, що виникає внаслідок коливань прагне синхронізувати коливальний і обертальний рухи. Показано, що при встановленні стаціонарного режиму обертання ротора можуть збуджуватися значні, відносно повільні коливання його швидкості. Теоретичні результати підтверджуються комп’ютерним моделюванням.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ МОДЕЛІ ЛОГІСТИЧНОЇ МЕРЕЖІ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ПРОГРАМНИХ ТА НЕЙРОМЕРЕЖЕВИХ АЛГОРИТМІВ
Authors: Томашко А. П.
Published: February 2024

У роботі досліджено принципи організації моделі логістичної мережі з використанням програмних та нейромережевих алгоритмів. Розкрито структуру сучасної логістичної мережі до складу якої віднесено: ланцюг постачання, ланцюг збуту та зберігання. Підкреслено, що сторона ланцюга постачання має найповнішу інформацію про аналіз продукту, а також охоплює послідовність оновлень складу. Наголошується, що ефективність управління інформацією логістичної мережі визначає оновлення продукту на кінці ланцюга постачання, і тільки за допомогою повної інформації про продукт кінцевого ланцюга постачання можна ефективно контролювати ефективність логістики у сфері функціонування. Зазначено, що впровадження технології інтелектуальної мережі дозволяє реалізувати інтелектуальне управління логістикою, а поступове створення вузлів Інтернету речей інтегрує логістичні ресурси, що дозволяє здійснювати процес оптимізації системи управління в інформаційній системі, вирішуючи проблему планування шляху, обороту матеріалів для зберігання, відповідності інформації про продукт і клієнта та недиференційованого розподілу близькості, може вийти на новий рівень. Запропоновано схему графової згорткової нейронної мережі з детальним описом механізму функціонування. У якості модифікації запропоновано використання тензора та наведено детальну структуру мережі з тензором. Наголошено на схемі розрідженої структури загорткового шару з описом функціональної складової. Доведено, що запропонована структура відрізняється від попередньої підвищеним рівнем ефективності за рахунок того, що логістичні дані в реальному часі кожного логістичного вузла збираються, і логістичні дані попередньо обробляються, щоб усунути нестандартні дані в процесі аналізу. У свою чергу, різниця логістичних даних у різних часових вузлах збільшується, і відбувається розділення логістичних даних на піковий період і гладкий період відповідно до рівня часу, але набір логістичних даних на різних двох етапах підкоряється випадковому розподілу.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В АВТОМОБІЛЬНОМУ ТРАНСПОРТІ
Authors: Федосов С.А. , Замуруєва О.В. , Никируй Л.І. , Федосов В.С. , Трофімчук А.В.
Published: February 2024

У статті проаналізовано публікації авторитетних світових науковців пов’язані з інноваційними технологіями для автомобільного транспорту. Це створює розуміння формування підтримки та розвитку цього напряму у світі і в Україні, визначення перспектив нових досліджень. Окреслено коло провідних публікацій у науковій галузі, проаналізовано фактори впливу вчених різних країн на розвиток цієї галузі. розглянуто особливості міжнародної співпраці. Сформульовано деякі пропозиції для поширення результатів українських вчених у світовій науковій спільності за цим напрямом.
ЕКСТРЕМАЛЬНА ЗАДАЧА У ЗГОРТКАХ З ДВОМА ЯДРАМИ
Authors: Григор’єв Ю. О.
Published: February 2024

Розглянуто ситуацію, коли інтегральне рівняння з двома ядрами у згортках не має розв’язків. Тоді нетривіальною стає задача побудована у згортках з двома ядрами сформована на базі інтегрального рівняння та обмежена мінімальною функціональною залежністю. Де ядерні функції належать певному класу, є задана функція і шукана функція, які належать до підкласу, вагова функція обмежена зверху і знизу додатними сталими.У даній роботі запропоновано наступну методику розв’язання цієї екстремальної задачі. Використовуючи умови розв’язності інтегрального рівняння та позначивши вираз під модулем через сталу, прийдемо до задачі мінімізації квадратичного функціоналу з шуканою функцією і лінійними функціоналами у додаткових умовах.В роботі доведено, що отримана екстремальна задача має єдиний розв’язок та знайдено цей розв’язок. Таким чином, у роботі показано перехід до розв’язного рівняння з двома ядрами.В образах Фур’є дане рівняння зведено до задачі Рімана на осі абсцис теорії аналітичних функцій і розв’язано в квадратурах. Розв’язок єдиний.В роботі наведено алгоритм розв’язання поставленої екстремальної задачі та приклад. У сучасній теорії функцій з комплексною змінною однією з найважливіших областей досліджень є теорія крайових (граничних) задач у класах аналітичних функцій та їх різних узагальнень.Оператори типу згортки часто зустрічаються при вивченні лінійних систем. Якщо на вхід такої системи подаються певні сигнали, то сигнал на виході представляється у вигляді згортки двох функцій. При цьому одна з функція називається імпульсною функцією відгуку, а її образ Фур’є – передаточною функцією системи. Значить, поставлену задачу можна трактувати так: імпульсну функцію відгуку потрібно підібрати так, щоб сигнал на виході системи якомога менше відрізнявся б від попередньо заданої функції.Результати, отримані в ході виконання представленої роботи, можуть бути використані для розробки наближених чисельно-аналітичних розв’язків задачі.
ПРОТОТИПУВАННЯ ТА СТРАТЕГІЯ РЕВЕРС ІНЖИНІРИНГУ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ІНЖЕНЕРНИХ ЗАДАЧ АДИТИВНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
Authors: Гусачук Д.А. , Мельничук М.Д. , Парфентьєва І.О. , Фурс Т.В. , Боярська І.В. , Карпюк М.М.
Published: February 2024

В роботі розглядаються аспекти, які прямо чи опосередковано впливають на результати реверс інжинірингу в практиці прототипування виробів машинобудівного призначення. На основі аналізу типових схем і алгоритмів реверс інжинірингу з використанням технологій адитивного виробництва та оптимізації процесів 3D сканування, розроблені рекомендації щодо підготовки, виконання та постобробки цифрових сканів інженерних об'єктів для забезпечення якості та швидкості їх реконструкції, з використанням оптичних 3D сканерів зі структурованим світлом. Дослідження здійснено завдяки успішній реалізації міжнародного проєкту "Посилення ролі ЗВО в промисловій трансформації в контексті парадигми Industry 4.0 в Грузії та Україні" (https://hein4.net).
Metadata handling for BioHackathon publications through BioHackrXiv
Authors: Perk Mats , Isaac Arun , Ohta Tazro , Willighagen Egon , Castro Leyla Jael , Katayama Toshiaki , Prins Pjotr
Published: February 2024

This paper presents the work executed on BioHackrXiv during the international ELIXIR BioHackathon Europe in Paris, France, 2022. BioHackrXiv is a scholarly publication service for BioHackathons and codefests that target biology and the biomedical sciences in the spirit of pre-publishing platforms.
Light-trap Catch of the Common Cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha L.) Depending on the Atmospheric Ozone Concentration
Authors: Puskás János , Nowinszky László
Published: February 2024

The study deals the efficiency of light trapping of the Common Cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha L.) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) in connection with the ozone concentration of air. The data of the Hungarian forestry light trap network were used for the years 1997 through 2006. We calculated relative catch values of from the number of caught insects. We assigned these to the ozone values of the respective days. For the classified date pairs regression equations were calculated. We established that the light trapping is most effective if the ozone concentration is high. As opposed to this, low ozone concentration reduces the success of the catch. Our results may be utilized in plant protection and forest protection prognoses.
On the Concentration of the Chromatic Number of Random Graphs
Authors: Surya Erlang , Warnke Lutz
Published: February 2024

Shamir and Spencer proved in the 1980s that the chromatic number of the binomial random graph $G_{n,p}$ is concentrated in an interval of length at most $\omega\sqrt{n}$, and in the 1990s Alon showed that an interval of length $\omega\sqrt{n}/\log n$ suffices for constant edge-probabilities $p\in (0,1)$. We prove a similar logarithmic improvement of the Shamir-Spencer concentration results for the sparse case ${p=p(n) \to 0}$, and uncover a surprising concentration `jump' of the chromatic number in the very dense case ${p=p(n) \to 1}$.
Sharp Degree Bounds for Fake Weighted Projective Spaces
Authors: Bäuerle Andreas
Published: February 2024

We give sharp upper bounds on the anticanonical degree of fake weighted projective spaces, only depending on the dimension and the Gorenstein index.
Graphs with Girth $2\ell+1$ and Without Longer Odd Holes that Contain an Odd $K_4$-Subdivision
Authors: Chen Rong , Zhou Yidong
Published: February 2024

We say that a graph $G$ has an odd $K_4$-subdivision if some subgraph of $G$ is isomorphic to a $K_4$-subdivision and whose faces are all odd holes of $G$. For a number $\ell\geq 2$, let $\mathcal{G}_{\ell}$ denote the family of graphs which have girth $2\ell+1$ and have no odd hole with length greater than $2\ell+1$. Wu, Xu and Xu conjectured that every graph in $\bigcup_{\ell\geq2}\mathcal{G}_{\ell}$ is $3$-colorable. Recently, Chudnovsky et al. and Wu et al., respectively, proved that every graph in $\mathcal{G}_2$ and $\mathcal{G}_3$ is $3$-colorable. In this paper, we prove that no $4$-vertex-critical graph in $\bigcup_{\ell\geq5}\mathcal{G}_{\ell}$ has an odd $K_4$-subdivision. Using this result, Chen proved that all graphs in $\bigcup_{\ell\geq5}\mathcal{G}_{\ell}$ are $3$-colorable.
Evaluation of ongoing mepolizumab treatment in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Förster-Ruhrmann Ulrike , Olze Heidi , Beule Achim G. , Chaker Adam M. , Hagemann Jan , Huppertz Tilmann , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Dazert Stefan , Deitmer Thomas , Strieth Sebastian , Wrede Holger , Schlenter Wolfgang , Welkoborsky Hans-Jürgen , Wollenberg Barbara , Becker Sven , Bärhold Frederike , Klimek Felix , Casper Ingrid , Zuberbier Jaron , Rudack Claudia , Cuevas Mandy , Hintschich Constantin A. , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Stöver Timo , Bergmann Christoph , Werminghaus Pascal , Pfaar Oliver , Gosepath Jan , Gröger Moritz , Beutner Caroline , Laudien Martin , Weber Rainer K. , Hildenbrand Tanja , Hoffmann Anna-Sophie , Bachert Claus
Published: February 2024

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the mucous membranes of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Eosinophilic inflammation is described as a common endotype. The anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) antibody mepolizumab was approved in November 2021 as an add-on therapy to intranasal glucocorticosteroids for the treatment of adults with severe CRSwNP when systemic glucocorticosteroids or surgery do not provide adequate disease control. While national and international recommendations exist for the use of mepolizumab in CRSwNP, therapy monitoring and follow-up documentation are required, and therapy discontinuation has not been adequately established yet. In this paper, recommendations for monitoring the course and efficacy of therapy as well as for reviewing the duration and possible termination of therapy are provided. For this purpose, a literature search was performed to analyze previous data on the treatment of CRSwNP with mepolizumab and to determine the available evidence by searching MEDLINE, PubMed, and the national and international trial and guideline registries and the Cochrane Library. Human studies published in the period up to and including October 2022 were considered. Based on the international literature and previous experience, recommendations for follow-up, adherence to therapy intervals and possible therapy breaks, as well as termination of therapy when using mepolizumab for the indication CRSwNP in the German health care system are given by an expert panel on the basis of a documentation sheet.
Impact of Despotic Leadership on Workplace Incivility: Serial Mediation of Stress and Emotional Exhaustion
Authors: Raza Muhammad Ali , Imran Muhammad , Ul Hadi Noor
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Considering the importance of despotic leadership to employees’ negative outcomes, this study explored how despotic leadership affects workplace incivility. Drawing on the dark side of leadership, the current study conceptualizes a model to explore the mechanism underlining the despotic leadership and workplace incivility relationship.

Design/Methodology: A cross-lagged survey approach was employed to collect data from 249 employees through questionnaires from Pakistan’s healthcare sector. Model based on structural equation was employed for data analysis.

Findings: Results of the study indicate that employees working in the health sector perceive incivility as a foremost consequence of despotic leadership, stress and emotional exhaustion.

Originality: This research painted a more comprehensive picture of despotic leadership and workplace incivility relationship in the health sector. We conclude that leveraging the bright side while acknowledging the dark side of leadership is an appropriate coping strategy to deal with workplace incivility. The aim of this study is to understand relationship between despotic leadership (DL) and workplace incivility (WI) with serial mediation of stress and emotional exhaustion (EE) in healthcare sector. The study strives to present empirical evidence for negative impact of DL on WI and its toll on employee performance.
What Literature Has to Say about Supply Chain Finance (SCF): A Bibliometric Review of Supply Chain Finance
Authors: Javed Hassan , Wasim Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The current research aims at reviewing Supply Chain Finance (SCF) which is an advanced domain of supply chain management receiving extensive attention in research nowadays.

Design/Methodology: Comprising an in-depth analysis of different concepts, approaches, and methodologies being used in the domain of SCF, the present evaluation is based on a review of 58 research articles published in the domain of SCF at various times. Comprehensive data regarding the utilization of SCF has been gathered from earlier and more recent studies

Findings: The study identifies the areas and domains of supply chain finance which have hitherto received limited attention. The findings show that there is still much left for future researchers to investigate in the area of SCF.

Originality: The present review also maps and identifies possible directions for future research. Future researchers may investigate the novel areas identified within SCF.  the research provides insights into the supply chain finance field with possible future workings.
Analisis Retorik Pidato Politik Megawati Soekarno Putri Pada Peringatan Ke-50 Tahun PDI-P
Authors: Rachmawan Denny Indra
Published: February 2024

Megawati Soekarno Putri's existence on the Indonesian political stage has been going on for more than two decades. During this period, Megawati has managed to maintain her position as a charismatic female political figure. Despite public doubts about her figure, Megawati is the de facto leader of one of the largest parties, as well as the only female president who has ever led the Republic of Indonesia. As a politician who has a strong character, Megawati has never escaped the media spotlight. Through her various controversial statements, Megawati's remarks are cited as a hot topic of discussion in the media. Reflecting on his charisma and rhetorical power, Megawati's speech is an interesting rhetorical phenomenon to analyze. Speech by Megawati Soekarno Putri on the Birthday of the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (PDI Perjuangan), was a form of ceremonial speech filled with political messages. Megawati's speech was delivered in a heated political atmosphere, ahead of the contestation moment for the 2024 Presidential Election. This study aims to analyze the rhetorical strategy used by Megawati to reveal the implicit meaning contained in it. Referring to the rhetorical analysis method, the results of the study show that Megawati's speech applies the typical communication style of female leaders. Apart from that, Megawati's speech also applied a rhetorical strategy that was oriented towards emphasizing aspects of personal identity as a descendant of Bung Karno, authority as chairman of the PDI-P, and his superiority over President Jokowi as his cadre. Megawati's rhetorical strategy also shows that she is not an inferior female leader.
Implementasi Good Governance dalam Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah
Authors: Oktaviani Lena , Kurhayadi Kurhayadi , Barokah Rezky Afiahtul
Published: February 2024

The government has a role in the implementation of good governance that in decision making is very important, good governance practices are able to be implemented, so that people can participate in Good Governance in employee performance at the Central Cimahi Sub-district Office. This research uses qualitative research method by the way of illustrating the synergistic problems when the research is done. Data collection techniques performed with observations, interviews and documents. The instrument used in this research is observation sheet, interview sheet, and structured documentation made by the researcher. The results showed that the implementation of good governance in employee performance at the Central Cimahi Sub-district office has been in accordance with the goods of good governance policies and this is seen from how employee performance and community satisfaction in providing services.
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective Leadership and Its Impact on Team Performance: A Study of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Kiishi Vina Dooshima
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The emotional intelligence model used in this study consisted of four sub-variables: self-emotion appraisal, others emotion appraisal, regulation of emotions, and use of emotions. The study found that emotional intelligence has a strong positive and significant relationship with leadership effectiveness. The results of the regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence positively relates to leadership effectiveness. The study concluded that emotional intelligence is an indicator of leadership effectiveness, and employees in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria are emotionally intelligent. Self-emotion appraisal and use of emotion were the most emotional intelligence factors impacting leadership effectiveness in the organization. On the other hand, emotion regulation seemed to be difficult to control, thus it’s the least factor in affecting leaders' effectiveness. The findings further show that use of emotion accounts for more of the variance in leadership effectiveness.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TESTS OF BANGKAL LEAF (Nauclea subdita Leaf.) SERUM EXTRACTS
Authors: Buana Januarti Ika , Yanto Andre , Monica Cahya
Published: February 2024

Bangkal leaves contain polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and quinone compounds that have the potential to act as antioxidants and antibacterial agents. To maximize the use of bangkal leaves, a cosmetic preparation, serum, was prepared. Serum is composed of 3 formulas: formula 1 (3% extract concentration), formula 2 (4% extract), and formula 3 (5% extract). Serum was tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) method at a wavelength of 518 nm. Ascorbic acid was used for comparison. Serum was also tested to evaluate its physical properties including organoleptics, pH, spreadability and viscosity. Antibacterial activity was determined using the well diffusion method. The research results showed that the IC50 value of the extract was 171.18 ppm, the bangkal leaf extract serum preparation for formula I was 174.26 ppm, formula II was 209.97 ppm, and formula III was 237.91 ppm. The antibacterial activity of bangkal leaf extract serum (Nauclea subdita) against Staphylococcus aureus formulas 1, 2, and 3 had an average zone of inhibition of 10.67, 12.00, and 14 mm. Based on the antioxidant and antibacterial activity values, bangkal leaf extract serum has moderate antioxidant and antibacterial abilities.
Keywords : Bangkal leaf extract, antioxidant activity test, antibacterial test
Follow-up on the Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidate J1048+7143: Successful Prediction of the Next Gamma-Ray Flare and Refined Binary Parameters in the Framework of the Jet Precession Model
Authors: Kun Emma , Jaroschewski Ilja , Tjus Julia Becker , Britzen Silke , Frey Sándor , Gabányi Krisztina Éva , Cui Lang , Wang Xin , Shen Yuling
Published: February 2024

Analyzing single-dish and very long baseline interferometry radio, as well as Fermi Large Area Telescope γ-ray observations, we explained the three major flares in the γ-ray light curve of FSRQ J1048+7143 with the spin–orbit precession of the dominant mass black hole in a supermassive black hole binary system. Here, we report on the detection of a fourth γ-ray flare from J1048+7143, appearing in the time interval that was predicted in our previous work. Including this new flare, we constrained the mass ratio into a narrow range of 0.062 < q < 0.088, and consequently we were able to further constrain the parameters of the hypothetical supermassive binary black hole at the heart of J1048+7143. We predict the occurrence of the fifth major γ-ray flare that would appear only if the jet will still lay close to our line of sight. The fourth major γ-ray flare also shows the two-subflare structure, further strengthening our scenario in which the occurrence of the subflares is the signature of the precession of a spine–sheath jet structure that quasiperiodically interacts with a proton target, e.g., clouds in the broad-line region.
The Strength and Shapes of Contact Binary Objects
Authors: Meyer Alex J. , Scheeres Daniel J.
Published: February 2024

While contact binary objects are common in the solar system, their formation mechanism is unclear. In this work we examine several contact binaries and calculate the necessary strength parameters that allow the two lobes to merge without the smaller of the two being gravitationally destroyed by the larger. We find a small but nonzero amount of cohesion or a large friction angle is required for the smaller lobe to survive the merging process, consistent with observations. This means it is possible for two previously separated rubble piles to experience a collapse of their mutual orbit and form a contact binary. The necessary strength required to survive this merger depends on the relative size, shape, and density of the body, with prolate shapes requiring more cohesion than oblate shapes.
Hybrid arithmetic optimization algorithm with deep learning model for secure Unmanned Aerial Vehicle networks
Authors: Alshammari Sultanah M. , Alganmi Nofe A. , Ba-Aoum Mohammed H. , Binyamin Sami Saeed , AL-Ghamdi Abdullah AL-Malaise , Ragab Mahmoud
Published: February 2024

Securing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems is vital to safeguard the processes involved in operating the drones. This involves the execution of robust communication encryption processes to defend the data exchanged between the UAVs and ground control stations. Intrusion detection, powered by Deep Learning (DL) techniques such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), allows the classification and identification of potential attacks or illegal objects in the operational region of the drone, thus distinguishing them from the routine basics. The current research work offers a new Hybrid Arithmetic Optimizer Algorithm with DL method for Secure Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Network (HAOADL-UAVN) model. The purpose of the proposed HAOADL-UAVN technique is to secure the communication that occurs in UAV networks via threat detection. At the primary level, the network data is normalized through min-max normalization approach in order to scale the input dataset into a useful format. The HAOA is used to select a set of optimal features. Next, the security is attained via Deep Belief Network Autoencoder (DBN-AE)-based threat detection. At last, the hyperparameter choice of the DBN-AE method is implemented using the Seagull Optimization Algorithm (SOA). A huge array of simulations was conducted using the benchmark datasets to demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed HAOADL-UAVN algorithm. The comprehensive results underline the supremacy of the HAOADL-UAVN methodology under distinct evaluation metrics.
Health Information Communication in Rural Settings During Crises
Authors: Mwangakala Hilda Abraham
Published: February 2024

The chapter explores the critical role of health information communication in rural settings during pandemics. It looks into rural populations' unique challenges in accessing health information, information dissemination, and improving health outcomes. The chapter discusses the current health information communication in rural settings, the need for tailoring health information, the barriers, and the potential of technology and innovations in improving access to rural information. It also highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity and policy considerations in effectively addressing health information disparities in rural areas.
The Role of Mentorship in the Advancement of Women of Color in Higher Education Administrative Roles
Authors: Colclough Kimberly
Published: February 2024

This research study focused on the lived experiences of Black women administrators in higher education institutions, the obstacles they face in pursuit of support and career advancement, and how they benefited from a relationship with a mentor. This descriptive phenomenological qualitative study was implemented by conducting in-depth interviews with a small sample of six African American women administrators from various higher education institutions located in the Northeast, West Coast, and Midwest regions of the United States. This phenomenological qualitative study was conducted to understand and describe the lived experiences mentorship for a select group of Black women leaders in higher education, using Black feminist thought as the theoretical framework. The findings from this study indicate that for this select group of Black women mentorship played a pivotal role in the advancement of their professional and leadership development, but not without challenges.
Detection of Green-Synthesized Fe3O4/ Chitosan Using Spin Valve GMR Sensor with Wheatstone Bridge Circuit
Authors: Garcia Shania , Mabarroh Ni’matil , Cuana Rona , Ardiyanti Harlina , Istiqomah Nurul Imani , Suharyadi Edi
Published: February 2024

Detection of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPS) label is essential to determine the performance of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors in biosensing technology. This research identifies the potency of green-synthesized Fe3O4/Chitosan on GMR sensors, which has never been explored. MNPS label was synthesized by the coprecipitation method based on the green synthesis route because cost-effective, non-toxic, and reduces waste production. Chitosan is considered the best polymer candidate as a stabilizer of Fe3O4 because they are biodegradable, biocompatible, and hydrophilic. The characteristics of Fe3O4/Chitosan with several concentrations and the effect on sensor signals were investigated. Measurement of Fe3O4/Chitosan using a spin-valve based sensor with a Ta (2nm)/Ir20Mn80(10nm)/Co90Fe10(3nm)/Co84Fe10B4(10nm)/Ta (5nm) structure on Si/SiO2 substrate. Fe3O4/Chitosan has a spherical shape with an inverse spinel cubic structure. The crystallite sizes of Fe3O4/Chitosan (1:1) and Fe3O4/Chitosan (2:1) are 7.9 and 7.5 nm, respectively. Fourier transforms infrared spectra of Fe3O4/Chitosan showed the NH2 bending at 1560 cm−1, C-O-C stretching at 1386 cm−1, and Fe-O stretching at 580 cm−1. The results indicate that chitosan effectively coated the surface of Fe3O4. The sensitivity of the GMR sensor increased to 0.04 mV/mg/mL and 0.05 mV/mg/mL, in the case of Fe3O4/Chitosan (1:1) and Fe3O4/Chitosan (2:1). The increase in the sensitivity was caused by the decrease in diamagnetic material composition, crystallite size and the increase in the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4/Chitosan. Green-synthesized Fe3O4/Chitosan can be detected by GMR sensor by providing a low external magnetic field within the 60s and reach ruthless performance as a magnetic label to be applied to biosensors application in the future.
Green Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using Moringa oleifera and their Electro-Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance Properties
Authors: Wahyuni Sari , Riswan Muhammad , Tumbelaka Rivaldo Marsel , Cuana Rona , Istiqomah Nurul Imani , Suharyadi Edi
Published: February 2024

The application of an external electric field to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system of green-synthesized magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) is very promising for increasing the SPR detection signal. Electro-optic surface plasmon resonance (EOSPR) behavior of MNPs has been successfully carried out. The EOSPR system was investigated using the Kretschmann configuration with the prism/Au thin film/MNPs/air layer arrangement and applying an electric voltage of 0 V, 2 V, 4 V, and 6 V. In this study, we synthesized MNPs using the green synthesis approach from moringa oleifera extract. The benefits of green synthesis include being safe, affordable, clean, and ecologically friendly processes. X-ray diffraction results obtained crystal size of the MNPs is about 9.2 nm with inverse spinel face-centered cubic crystal structure. Fourier transforms infrared characterization showed the presence of Fe-O bonds at wave numbers 569 cm-1 and 629 cm-1, indicating that MNPs were successfully formed. The saturation magnetization of the samples is 55.3 emu/g. The SPR angle of the SPR system Prism/Au thin film/air without the addition of MNPs is 44.66°. After being deposited by MNPs and induced by a voltage of 0 V, 2 V, 4 V, and 6 V, the SPR angles changed to 44.87°, 44.90°, 44.95° and 45.12°. The addition of MNPs and an external electric field causes the SPR angle to increase. The results of this study can provide new insights into the development of optical devices that can be manipulated electrically and have the potential for future biosensor applications.
Characterization of Composite Films from Taro Starch Modified with the Addition of Duck Bone Gelatin
Authors: Ayu Laksanawati Trias Ayu , Khirzin Muhammad Habbib , Amaniyah Maghfirotul , Meidayanti Karina
Published: February 2024

In this study, composite films were prepared from modified taro starch with the addition of duck bone gelatin using varying percentages (0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% of the total solids weight) by solution casting method. The mixing of duck bone gelatin on taro starch films was studied as a new approach for composite films from natural materials that are environmentally friendly and have good physical properties. This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of the percentage variation of duck bone gelatin on the composite film on the density, transparency, crystallinity and thermal properties. The results of revealed that the addition of duck bone gelatin concentration had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the density of the composite films, but had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the transparency and termal properties. Crystallinity analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique showed that the composite films product has a semicrystalline structure with low crystallinity. DSC scan showed that the composite film with the addition of 5% duck bone gelatin gave high thermal stability values ​​with melting temperature (Tm) 181.86°C and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) 252.73 J/g. The TGA results confirmed that the thermal stability of the composite film at the concentration of 5% duck bone gelatin had a weight loss of 37.48 % in the temperature range (296.74-500°C).
Design and implementation of an advanced solar water distillation system for the efficient purification of contaminated water into clean drinking water
Authors: Ranasinghe M. K. N. K. , Kahandage P. D. , Kosgollegedara E. J. , Weerasooriya G. V. T. V.
Published: February 2024

Solar energy is abundant in Sri Lanka, but there is currently no efficient method to use solar energy to purify polluted water into fresh water. This study aimed to address this issue by introducing an advanced solar water distillation system. The basin size of the prototype unit was 0.48 m2 and its performance was tested using different setups: a basin only (T1), a basin with a flat-plate solar collector (T2), a basin on a sand layer (T3), a basin with sponge cubes (T4), and a basin with all components together (T5). Data were collected at 30-minute intervals from 6.00 am to 6.00 pm for each treatment. The results showed that T5 performed significantly better than the other treatments (p<0.05). The maximum temperature recorded for the basin water was 59°C when the ambient air was at 64°C in T5. The flat-plate solar collector, sand layer, and sponge cubes contributed to increase the distilled volume by 73.0%, 20.5%, and 48.2% respectively. The new solar water distillation system with all the features (T5) can improve the distillation productivity by 138% compared to the conventional type (T1) by giving 4143 ml/m2/day of average production. The new distillation system is an effective solution for addressing the drinking water issue in agricultural areas, as it consistently demonstrates satisfactory quality in terms of pH, EC, TDS, and concentrations of As and Cd.
Drilling In Supercharged Reservoir – A Novel Approach Raising the Bar of Operational Excellence In Kuwait Oilfield
Authors: Al Shelian Jasim M. , Alhafedh Bader O. , Goswami Bijan , Al Naqa Faisal A.
Published: February 2024

It is a regular practice to close the nearby Injector wells prior to drilling any reservoir section to avoid encountering any abnormal pressure due to injection, which may create complications like well-control. However, shutting down injection for long period certainly creates negative impact on productivity & reservoir pressure management. This paper reveals innovative approach in drilling such wells without closing any injectors while ensuring safe and trouble-free operations in a matured field in North Kuwait.

This paper elaborates on the methodology to safely drill into a charged-up reservoir from planning till execution stage. A formation-wise pressure mapping was developed with collaboration from Reservoir Engineering team with zone-wise color coding based on severity of reservoir pressure. In the planning phase, any upcoming well could be plotted in this map which will instantly give an idea about likely pressure regime to be encountered. In execution phase, real-time BHP is acquired from nearby wells with Slick-line. Finally pressure data from the landing section of subject wells is recorded to decide accurate Mud density for smoothly drilling through reservoir.

This procedure was successfully applied in two field trials right from planning till completion of drilling in the North Kuwait field. Based on lessons learnt, this innovative and cost effective practice is expected to be implemented for all upcoming wells in Kuwait.
Drilling Optimization in Mahakam Offshore Field Indonesia by Combining Multiple Shaped Geometry PDC Cutters and Motorized Rotary Steerable System Resulting in Step Change Performance and Substantial Value Creation.
Authors: Hermawan Aditia , Nurmida Arrofi , Yusicha Yasir , Kartaatmadja Himawan , Agriawan Crisa , Wijayanto Timora , Noviasta Bonar
Published: February 2024

Under the marginal remaining reserve condition, Pertamina Hulu Mahakam has been constantly initiating the ways to improve drilling efficiency thru sidetrack well. In the Q4 2022 to Q1 2023, sidetrack drilling campaign was conducted in existing Jempang Metulang (JM-1) platform, South Mahakam Field, which known as the most challenging among other Mahakam offshore fields.

This paper provides a case study of performance improvement of five cased hole sidetrack wells (milling out 9-5/8in casing and drilling 8-1/2in hole section subsequently). The study started by analyzing main drilling problems in the field in which many offset wells experienced multiple BHA runs and severely low rate of penetration (ROP). The average OB ROP in the previous campaign was only 13 m/hr with maximum achievement 1,200-2,400 meters drilling interval per BHA run. In 2023 sidetrack drilling campaign, the main drilling objective is to achieve one-run to well TD, increase OB ROP and optimize well architecture design to drill with single 8-1/2in open hole. Several initiatives were then implemented of motorized RSS BHA utilization, fit-for-purpose bit selection design and proper job execution by applying optimum drilling parameter.

The result of thorough improvement process follow-up shows a significant well cost reduction up to 10.4 MUSD including improvement 159% OB ROP with fastest value 40.6 m/hr. A new drilling record was achieved for longest 8-1/2in hole section of 3,346 meters in one run to well TD. On top of that, all the initiatives have been executed in a safe manner without any major operation issues and successfully unlock remaining marginal reserve to prolong the sustainability of Mahakam.
Unleashing the Sky Potential: Revolutionizing Construction with Drones
Authors: Fong Chen Khian , Kadzim Rosdi , Endot Ernyza
Published: February 2024

Objectives/Scope

This paper aims to provide an insight on the use of drones in digital construction, specifically focusing on their application in the engineering construction work of 100 hectares onshore gas plant. The objective of the project is to utilize drones for photogrammetry data collection, including surveying, mapping, and inspection; and to enhance project planning, monitoring, and quality control. Final products generated will provide an enhanced visualization for easy analysis and view of the project.
Navigating Complexity: Planning and Execution of the Longest ERD Well with Open Hole Completion Design in India's West Coast Cambay Offshore Field
Authors: Bhosale Saurabh , Misra Anurag , Ranjan Ashish
Published: February 2024

The planning and execution of an Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) project in the Cambay field presented numerous challenges due to the confined nature of the well and the objective of accessing previously untapped reserves. With a step-out ratio of 3:1, indicating a significant increase in complexity compared to conventional Drilling, careful consideration was given to the well path trajectory, casing seat selection, and open hole size selection during the initial planning phase. These critical aspects played a pivotal role in identifying and addressing the unique challenges inherent in ERD operations which necessitated the application of innovative techniques for mitigation. Given the intricate structure of the extended reach well, the key hurdles include torque and drag issues, hole cleaning, casing running, equivalent circulation density control, bottom hole assembly stuck, side tracking, wellbore stability, and well activation with coiled tubing and/or Eline based tractor stroker intervention. These challenges were overcome with deployment of cutting-edge technology in Drilling viz. application of drill pipe severing tool (DPST) & under reamer tool and in Completion viz, shearable gas lift valves, trimmed swell packers, auto lift gas technology, and tapered string coiled tubing. The well also witnessed some complex fishing operation to retrieve stuck Eline tractor tool which was a difficult undertaking.

The paper will summarize the ERD project, outlining the methods, challenges, and technologies used while effectively Drilling and successful Completion of the longest ERD well in the offshore region along India's west coast, with a recorded measured depth of 3,830.79 meters. It will also provide vital insights and lessons acquired from the extensive Drilling and Completion procedures, adding to the knowledge base, and providing as a roadmap for future ERD initiatives of a similar nature.
Improve Completion Decisions with Enhanced Dynamic Reservoir Modelling and Effective Reservoir Management While Drilling: Integrating Downhole Petrophysics with Advanced Surface Mud Gas Logging (AMGL) Techniques
Authors: Fernandes A. K. , Gligorijevic A. , Khanal G. , Botelho S. , Dekker R. , Chua C. , Lai J. , Hairi H. , Lim K. , Dieckmann V.
Published: February 2024

In a brownfield, it is common to observe the movement of fluid contacts and alterations in petrophysical behaviors resulting from production and injection activities. The acquisition of field surveillance information through well intervention in a deep-water field with subsea wells is limited as it comes with a significant cost and poses a substantial risk to the asset. Furthermore, burdened by limitations in gas handling facilities and challenges associated with water emulsions, the primary objective for new infill wells is to achieve the minimum feasible gas-oil ratio (GOR) and water cut. Thus, innovative data acquisition while drilling infill wells, such as strategically penetrating shallower producing reservoirs close to the anticipated fluid contacts without risking the primary well objective, is required to de-risk uncertainties.

Advanced mud gas logging (AMGL) has been and remains to be a reliable surface measurement to log and determine downhole fluid composition. New workflows using AMGL, combining extraction efficiency calibrations before drilling with mud gas isotope logging (MGIL), enable an improved, consolidated application for real-time insight to the fluid properties.

This paper presents the use of reliable geochemical signatures together with downhole petrophysical interpretation while drilling in a mature oilfield, leading to more effective reservoir management. Continuous fluid properties from AMGL coupled with MGIL and integration with logging while drilling (LWD) measurements allowed to timely assure the existing dynamic reservoir model and subsequently optimize well completion, steering production towards zones with low GOR and low water cut. Specific mud gas ratios utilized to qualify water intervals and identify fluid type aided landing decisions also when LWD information was not available. In addition, AMGL was able to identify the fluid composition, with high certainty, from tight rock intervals. The gas cap formed due to gas expansion and gas injection was also identified by combination of AMGL and MGIL measurements result.

Establishing a numerical model from laboratory, derived from pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) analysis of a downhole fluid, then implementation of these cut offs on AMGL data while drilling, highlighted a potential for being implemented as an industry standard for effective reservoir management.

Real-time AMGL and petrophysical information were combined to enable an integrated and holistic view of the reservoir and fluid fills.
Accelerating Cement Set for Surface Conductor in Deepwater Environment
Authors: Elder M. , Horn T. , Jordan C. , Amer W. , Gohel C. , Conil L. , Shand S.
Published: February 2024

The objective of this paper is to present the pre job planning, modelling and results of an IOC first deployment of a post cement job hydration accelerating heat sweep. This heat sweep utilizes a pit of pre heated seawater which is circulated into the casing on completion of the conductor primary cement job, to accelerate the early compressive strength development of the cement. This rapid cement hydration technique is enabled through a mechanical stabbed in cementing system that optimizes the placement of the conductor primary cement job and eliminates conventional cement or sub surface release (SSR) plug shoetracks.

Preparation for the job involved the service company utilizing a heat transfer software to simulate the heat transfer from the seawater through the casing and into the cement column. This heart transfer modelling was then utilized to create a temperature profile of the incremental temperature increase of the cement and corresponding effect on early compressive strength development. In addition to this, the third party cementing company conducted an ultrasonic cement analyzer (UCA) test to further model the influence the heat sweep would have on the compressive strength development of the cement based on the heat transfer software simulations.

The conductor cement job was completed successfully, with the stabbed in inner string cementing system and post cement job heat sweep saving the operator rig time. The conductor cement job was completed in a water depth of 344m, with the 30" conductor shoe set 87m below mudline.

Post job data was obtained through a downhole temperature logger located within the stabbed in inner string cementing system. This logger provided memory data from the run in hole (RIH), pre job circulation, pumping of cement job and circulation of a heat sweep with a temperature of 70 degC at surface. The temperature logger recorded a downhole temperature of 61.2 degC 4m from the float shoe.

Both the stabbed in inner string cementing system and rapid cement hydration technology have the potential to reduce rig time and mitigate against various operational risks in the global deepwater well construction space.