bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Full-Scale Dynamic Testing of a Sliding Seismically Isolated Unibody House
Authors: Jampole Ezra , Deierlein Gregory , Miranda Eduardo , Fell Benjamin , Swensen Scott , Acevedo Cristian
Published: August 2016

Shaking table tests were conducted on a new low cost sliding seismic isolation system aimed at significantly improving the seismic performance of low-rise lightweight residential construction. A two-story, full-scale seismically isolated wood frame house was tested dynamically under multiple ground motions on a shake table. Two different sliding isolation bearings were evaluated, one with flat and another with concave sliding surfaces, both with high-density polyethylene sliders on galvanized steel surfaces with a coefficient of friction of approximately 0.18. Each isolation system was subjected to seven severe recorded earthquake ground motions, which produced peak isolator displacements of up to 41 cm. The maximum induced inertial shear force on the superstructure was on the order of 0.4 g, yet the house remained practically damage-free with story drift ratios less than 0.1%. The study successfully (1) provides a proof-of-concept for design, construction, and behavior of a light-frame house with low-cost high friction sliding seismic isolation, (2) confirms several design assumptions regarding isolation behavior and maximum isolation displacement, and (3) provides data to validate computational models and develop design guidelines for the isolated superstructure.
Engendering Sedition: Ethel Rosenberg, Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul, and the Courage of Refusal
Authors: Haberkorn Tyrell
Published: August 2016

On April 5, 1951, Ethel Rosenberg was sentenced to death for allegedly conspiring to commit espionage and sell US atomic information to the Soviet Union. On August 28, 2009, Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul was sentenced to eighteen years in prison for allegedly insulting the royal family of Thailand. By bringing the suffering and courageous actions of these two women into conversation across time and space, the nature of national crisis and the impossibility of loyal dissent in the Cold War United States and late reign Rama IX Thailand are refracted and made acutely visible. Taking the disjuncture between the severity of the charges and the paucity of the evidence presented as a point of departure, this article interrogates the legal instruments under which Ethel Rosenberg and Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul were charged, namely the US Espionage Act of 1917 and Article 112 of the Thai Criminal Code; the logic of the courts which convicted them; and the public discourse surrounding both trials. Developing sedition as a lens of comparison and a strategy of analysis, their actions are examined as transgressive in three intersecting and overlapping registers: law, dissent in excess of the law, and gender performance. A fourth register of sedition—scholarly work that aims to be seditious—offers the possibility of challenging the strictures of crisis in which dehumanizing and disproportionate punishment, such as that experienced by Ethel Rosenberg and Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul, becomes possible.
Systematic identification of genes involved in metabolic acid stress resistance in yeast and their potential as cancer targets
Authors: Shin John J. , Aftab Qurratulain , Austin Pamela , McQueen Jennifer A. , Poon Tak , Li Shu Chen , Young Barry P. , Roskelley Calvin D. , Loewen Christopher J. R.
Published: August 2016

A hallmark of all primary and metastatic tumours is their high rate of glucose uptake and glycolysis. A consequence of the glycolytic phenotype is the accumulation of metabolic acid; hence, tumour cells experience considerable intracellular acid stress. To compensate, tumour cells upregulate acid pumps, which expel the metabolic acid into the surrounding tumour environment, resulting in alkalization of intracellular pH and acidification of the tumour microenvironment. Nevertheless, we have only a limited understanding of the consequences of altered intracellular pH on cell physiology, or of the genes and pathways that respond to metabolic acid stress. We have used yeast as a genetic model for metabolic acid stress with the rationale that the metabolic changes that occur in cancer that lead to intracellular acid stress are likely fundamental. Using a quantitative systems biology approach we identified 129 genes required for optimal growth under conditions of metabolic acid stress. We identified six highly conserved protein complexes with functions related to oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III and IV), mitochondrial tRNA biosynthesis [glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex], histone methylation (Set1C–COMPASS), lysosome biogenesis (AP-3 adapter complex), and mRNA processing and P-body formation (PAN complex). We tested roles for two of these, AP-3 adapter complex and PAN deadenylase complex, in resistance to acid stress using a myeloid leukaemia-derived human cell line that we determined to be acid stress resistant. Loss of either complex inhibited growth of Hap1 cells at neutral pH and caused sensitivity to acid stress, indicating that AP-3 and PAN complexes are promising new targets in the treatment of cancer. Additionally, our data suggests that tumours may be genetically sensitized to acid stress and hence susceptible to acid stress-directed therapies, as many tumours accumulate mutations in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes required for their proliferation.
Better late than never: effective air-borne hearing of toads delayed due to late maturation of the tympanic middle ear structures
Authors: Womack Molly C. , Christensen-Dalsgaard Jakob , Hoke Kim L.
Published: August 2016

Most vertebrates have evolved a tympanic middle ear that enables effective hearing of airborne sound on land. Although inner ears develop during the tadpole stages of toads, tympanic middle ear structures are not complete until months after metamorphosis, potentially limiting the sensitivity of post-metamorphic juveniles to sounds in their environment. We tested the hearing of five species of toads to determine how delayed ear development impairs airborne auditory sensitivity. We performed auditory brainstem recordings to test the hearing of the toads and used micro-CT and histology to relate the development of ear structures to hearing ability. We find a large (14-27 dB) increase in hearing sensitivity from 900 to 2500 Hz over the course of ear development. Thickening of the tympanic annulus cartilage and full ossification of the middle ear bone are associated with increased hearing ability in the final stages of ear maturation. Thus, juvenile toads are at a hearing disadvantage, at least in the high-frequency range, throughout much of their development, because late forming ear elements are critical to middle ear function at these frequencies. We discuss the potential fitness consequences of late hearing development, although research directly addressing selective pressures on hearing sensitivity across ontogeny is lacking. Given that most vertebrate sensory systems function very early in life, toad tympanic hearing may be a sensory development anomaly.
Development of Shelf-Stable Reagents for Fluoro-Functionalization Reactions
Authors: Shibata Norio
Published: August 2016

It is highly probable that the first impression that organic chemists would have of fluorine, F, is that it is “dangerous”. Elemental fluorine, F2, is a gas that reacts with all elements quickly and violently. The oxidation power of F2 is extraordinarily strong and even the noble gases such as Kr and Xe react with F2 forming the corresponding fluorides. Fortunately, the receptiveness to fluorine chemistry by synthetic chemists has gradually changed in the late 20th century with the development of shelf-stable reagents for fluorination and trifluoromethylation reactions. In this account, I introduce our recent contributions to the development of shelf-stable reagents for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. Electrophilic reagents for fluorination, mono-, di-, and trifluoromethylation, and trifluoromethylthiolation are discussed. Nucleophilic reagents for monofluoromethylation are also described including enantioselective reactions.
Synthesis and Properties of Stable 3-Hexylthiophene and Triphenylamine Copolymers
Authors: Nakashita Takuya , Sugimoto Ryuichi , Hai Thien An Phung
Published: August 2016

The copolymerization of 3-hexylthiophene (3HT) and triphenylamine (TPA) was carried out by using FeCl3. The incorporation of TPA and 3HT into the resultant polymer main chain was clarified by NMR and MALDI-TOF MS spectrometry. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests that the copolymers show excellent thermal stability.
Awareness, understanding, and help seeking for behaviour problems by parents of primary school age children in Central Jakarta: A qualitative study
Authors: Wiguna Tjhin , Belfer Myron L.
Published: August 2016

Background Understanding children’s behaviour and emotional conditions will allow parents to help them cope with the tasks of growing up. The accuracy of parents to identify their children as needing mental health services, and the factor that might influence parental perceptions is important.Objectives To explore parents’ recognition and help-seeking patterns for behavior and emotional problems of school age children; To identify parents’ perceived needs and barriers in achieving access to appropriate mental health services.Methods We involved six parents who had primary school children with behavior and/or emotional problems identified by their class teacher. Parents were interviewed by using a semistructured clinical interview, some were adapted from the Arthur Kleinman’s explanatory model of illness. Data were presented in descriptive and interpretative accounts.Results In general, parents were aware that their children had behavioural and emotional problems but assumed it was part of their normal development. Four parents did not take their children to seek any professional help, assuming they would be able to overcome this situation with the helping hand from the school class teachers. Parents perceived that they were weak in parenting their child.Conclusion This study emphasizes the need to increase parents’ awareness and understanding and helping agencies so they can recognize the problems accurately and overcome the barriers appropriately. [Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:18-25].
Comparison of combination of probiotic and standard therapy compared to standard therapy on eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in children
Authors: Aryani Fransisca Theresia , Firmansyah Agus , Latief Abdul
Published: August 2016

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is thought to be the etiology of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and risk factor for gastric cancer. Management of H. pylori infection in children is associated with several problems such as compliance to therapy, untolerated side effects, and antibiotic resistance. Probiotic is reported to give beneficial effect in the management of H. pylori infection and there is no study yet on the effect of probiotic in eradication of H. pylori infection in Indonesian children.Objectives To study the effect of additional probiotic in the standard therapy on the rate of H. pylori infection eradication in children and its side effect.Methods This was a double blind randomized controlled trial performed in 23 children with H. pylori infection at Kampung Melayu and Rawa Bunga District. The diagnosis was determined based on Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (HpSA). Subjects were randomly assigned to either receive receive amoxiycilin, clarithromycin, omeprazole, and probiotic (2 x 109 cfu of Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12) or amoxicillin, clarithromycin, omeprazole dan placebo (maltodextrin). HpSA examination was evaluated again after 2 weeks of therapy.Results Two of 13 subjects in the treatment group and 6 of 10 subjects in the control group experienced side effects. Eradication rate in the treatment group is higher than the control group (13/13 vs 7/10) but the correlation between additional probiotic with the eradication rate of H. pylori is not statistically significant.Conclusions Probiotic can reduce the incidence of side effects due to antibiotic used in H. pylori eradication (2/13 vs 6/10, p < 0.012). [Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:38-41].
A young girl with suspected encephalitis caused by avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in Indonesia
Authors: Juniatiningsih Anita , Setyanto Darmawan B , Setiawaty Vivi , Sedyaningsih Endang R
Published: August 2016

A previously healthy two-year-old girl was admitted to the Emergency Unit of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH) Jakarta, on March 23, 2006 with a deterioration of consciousness since four days before admission. She was referred by a district hospital with a working diagnosis of suspect encephalitis, gastroenteritis, and febrile convulsion. History taken from her parents revealed that since eight days before admission she had a mild fever and cough, without rhinorrhea. Her appetite, defecation and urination were normal. Patient was taken to a clinic, where she was diagnosed as having an upper respiratory tract infection, and was given three kinds of medicine (i.e., antipyretic, expectorant and antibiotic).
Does Evasion Invalidate the Welfare Sufficiency of the ETI?
Authors: Gillitzer Christian , Slemrod Joel
Published: August 2016

In an influential article, Raj Chetty (2009, “Is the Taxable Income Elasticity Sufficient to Calculate Deadweight Loss? The Implications of Evasion and Avoidance.” American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 1 (2):31–52) argues that in the presence of tax evasion the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is no longer a sufficient statistic for the marginal efficiency cost of funds (MECF). We show that, under Chetty’s (2009, “Is the Taxable Income Elasticity Sufficient to Calculate Deadweight Loss? The Implications of Evasion and Avoidance.” American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 1 (2):31–52) risk-neutrality assumption, correctly measuring the standard MECF only requires adding detected evasion inclusive of penalties. In the more general case of risk aversion, it further requires amending the formula to address the private risk-bearing cost of tax evasion.
Grid Integration of Single Stage Solar PV System using Three-level Voltage Source Converter
Authors: Hussain Ikhlaq , Kandpal Maulik , Singh Bhim
Published: August 2016

This paper presents a single stage solar PV (photovoltaic) grid integrated power generating system using a three level voltage source converter (VSC) operating at low switching frequency of 900 Hz with robust synchronizing phase locked loop (RS-PLL) based control algorithm. To track the maximum power from solar PV array, an incremental conductance algorithm is used and this maximum power is fed to the grid via three-level VSC. The use of single stage system with three level VSC offers the advantage of low switching losses and the operation at high voltages and high power which results in enhancement of power quality in the proposed system. Simulated results validate the design and control algorithm under steady state and dynamic conditions.
Ernährung und Essen im Fokus von Public Health – eine thematische Übersicht
Authors: Kroke Anja
Published: August 2016

Ernährung und Essen sind allgegenwärtig, alle Menschen betreffend und sind in eng mit dem Erhalt von Gesundheit und der Entstehung von Erkrankungen verbunden. Neben Problemstellungen bezüglich einer notwendigen alimentären Versorgung stehen gesundheitsförderliche und präventive, insbesondere im Hinblick auf nicht-übertragbare, ernährungsassoziierte chronische Erkrankungen, im Fokus. Dazu wird ein orientierender Blick auf die diesbezüglichen Herausforderungen des 21. Jahrhunderts geworfen, wobei zunächst eine globale und dann eine auf Deutschland fokussierte Betrachtung vorgenommen wird.
Ernährungsmuster von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Migrationshintergrund: Ergebnisse der KiGGS-Studie
Authors: Schenk Liane , Anton Verena , Baer Nadja-Raphaela , Schmitz Roma
Published: August 2016

Kinder und Jugendliche mit beidseitigem Migrationshintergrund/MH weisen signifikant häufiger ungünstige Ernährungsmuster auf als jene ohne bzw. mit einseitigem MH, so die Ergebnisse einer Ernährungsmusteranalyse anhand von KiGGS-Daten. Der Sozialstatus erklärt nur einen Teil dieses Zusammenhangs. Die ungesünderen Ernährungsweisen nehmen mit der Verweildauer der zugewanderten Familien zu. Weiterhin beeinflussen Herkunftsland, Alter und Geschlecht (un-)günstigere Ernährungsmuster.
Technological tattletales and constitutional black holes: communications intermediaries and constitutional constraints
Authors: Austin Lisa M.
Published: August 2016

In this Article I argue that the emerging public/private nexus of surveillance involves the augmentation of state power and calls for new models of constitutional constraint. The key phenomenon is the role played by communications intermediaries in collecting the information that the state subsequently accesses. These intermediaries are not just powerful companies engaged in collecting and analyzing the information of users and the information they hold are not just business records. The key feature of these companies is that, through their information practices and architecture, they mediate other relationships. I argue that this mediating function, and its underlying technological form, interacts with legal and social norms in ways that can lead to the erosion of constraints on state power. This Article maps two stories of erosion, rooted in two kinds of community displacement. The first involves the displacement of community participation in law enforcement and the emergence of “technological tattletales” where intermediaries cooperate with the state. Unlike citizen cooperation, this practice augments state power and undermines more traditional informal modes of constraint on state power. The second involves the displacement of national legal and political community. Communications intermediaries are often large multinational companies that operate in multiple jurisdictions and move their data to various datacenters across the world even as the individual data subject remains in one geographical location. Laws that treat nonresident aliens differently from residents and citizens can create “constitutional black holes” where the communications data of an individual is not protected by any constitutional constraints.
Thoughts on techno-social engineering of humans and the freedom to be off (or free from such engineering)
Authors: Frischmann Brett
Published: August 2016

This Article examines a constitutional problem that largely goes unnoticed and unexamined by legal scholars — the problem of technosocial engineering of humans. After defining terms and explaining the nature of the problem, I explain how techno-social engineering of humans is easily ignored, as we perform constrained cost-benefit analyses of incremental steps without contemplating the path we are on. I begin with two nonfiction stories, one involving techno-social engineering of human emotions and a second involving technosocial engineering of children’s preferences. The stories highlight incremental steps down a path. Then, through plausible fictional extensions, I explore steps further down the path. The Article ends with a fact pattern familiar to every reader. It explains how the electronic contracting environment we experience regularly online is an example of techno-social engineering of humans with the (un) intended consequence of nudging humans to behave like machines — perfectly rational, predictable, and ultimately programmable.
Graduelle Ditransitivität im Deutschen
Authors: Rauth Philipp
Published: August 2016

This paper is concerned with syntactic and semantic properties of ditransitive constructions in standard and dialectal German. A higher or lower extent of ‘ditransitivity’ can be observed by means of these properties. Canonical ditransitives, for instance, vary by allowing (geben ‘to give’) or prohibiting (gönnen ‘to grant’) a contextual ellipsis of the dative object. In addition, whether the proto-patient is either a concrete or an abstract noun can change the ditransitivity of the same construction. Non-canonical ditransitives (which contain e. g. complex predicates, certain APs or PPs that expand the valency of transitive verbs, a so-called ‘free dative’, or a ditransitive adjective) often remain unattended by studies on ditransitives. But none of these patterns differ from canonical geben with respect to their syntactic and semantic properties. Finally, only light verb constructions whose objects are categorically restricted represent the divide between (non-)canonical and idiomatic ditransitives.
Representation of Perceptual Color Space in Macaque Posterior Inferior Temporal Cortex (the V4 Complex)
Authors: Bohon Kaitlin S. , Hermann Katherine L. , Hansen Thorsten , Conway Bevil R.
Published: August 2016

The lateral geniculate nucleus is thought to represent color using two populations of cone-opponent neurons [L vs M; S vs (L + M)], which establish the cardinal directions in color space (reddish vs cyan; lavender vs lime). How is this representation transformed to bring about color perception? Prior work implicates populations of glob cells in posterior inferior temporal cortex (PIT; the V4 complex), but the correspondence between the neural representation of color in PIT/V4 complex and the organization of perceptual color space is unclear. We compared color-tuning data for populations of glob cells and interglob cells to predictions obtained using models that varied in the color-tuning narrowness of the cells, and the color preference distribution across the populations. Glob cells were best accounted for by simulated neurons that have nonlinear (narrow) tuning and, as a population, represent a color space designed to be perceptually uniform (CIELUV). Multidimensional scaling and representational similarity analyses showed that the color space representations in both glob and interglob populations were correlated with the organization of CIELUV space, but glob cells showed a stronger correlation. Hue could be classified invariant to luminance with high accuracy given glob responses and above-chance accuracy given interglob responses. Luminance could be read out invariant to changes in hue in both populations, but interglob cells tended to prefer stimuli having luminance contrast, regardless of hue, whereas glob cells typically retained hue tuning as luminance contrast was modulated. The combined luminance/hue sensitivity of glob cells is predicted for neurons that can distinguish two colors of the same hue at different luminance levels (orange/brown).
Commonalities in Development of Pure Breeds and Population Isolates Revealed in the Genome of the Sardinian Fonni's Dog
Authors: Dreger Dayna L , Davis Brian W , Cocco Raffaella , Sechi Sara , Di Cerbo Alessandro , Parker Heidi G , Polli Michele , Marelli Stefano P , Crepaldi Paola , Ostrander Elaine A
Published: August 2016

The island inhabitants of Sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due to their unique ancestral background and population isolation reflecting geographic and cultural restriction. Population isolates share decreased genomic diversity, increased linkage disequilibrium, and increased inbreeding coefficients. In many regions, dogs and humans have been exposed to the same natural and artificial forces of environment, growth, and migration. Distinct dog breeds have arisen through human-driven selection of characteristics to meet an ideal standard of appearance and function. The Fonni’s Dog, an endemic dog population on Sardinia, has not been subjected to an intensive system of artificial selection, but rather has developed alongside the human population of Sardinia, influenced by geographic isolation and unregulated selection based on its environmental adaptation and aptitude for owner-desired behaviors. Through analysis of 28 dog breeds, represented with whole-genome sequences from 13 dogs and ∼170,000 genome-wide single nucleotide variants from 155 dogs, we have produced a genomic illustration of the Fonni’s Dog. Genomic patterns confirm within-breed similarity, while population and demographic analyses provide spatial identity of Fonni’s Dog to other Mediterranean breeds. Investigation of admixture and fixation indices reveals insights into the involvement of Fonni’s Dogs in breed development throughout the Mediterranean. We describe how characteristics of population isolates are reflected in dog breeds that have undergone artificial selection, and are mirrored in the Fonni’s Dog through traditional isolating factors that affect human populations. Lastly, we show that the genetic history of Fonni’s Dog parallels demographic events in local human populations.
Estilos parentais e desenvolvimento das funções executivas: estudo com crianças de 3 a 6 anos
Authors: Luxo Martins Gabriela Lamarca , Riccardi León Camila Barbosa , Seabra Alessandra Gotuzo
Published: August 2016

Este estudo analisou a relação entre estilo parental dos responsáveis e funções executivas em pré-escolares, pois pesquisas prévias sugerem que características do ambiente familiar podem influenciar o desenvolvimento dessas funções. Participaram 30 crianças, de 3 a 6 anos, e seus responsáveis. Estes responderam o Inventário de Estilos Parentais e as crianças, Teste de Stroop Semântico, Teste de Atenção por Cancelamento e Teste de Trilhas para pré-escolares. Correlações de magnitude baixa a moderada evidenciaram, de modo geral, que quanto mais apropriado o estilo parental dos pais, melhor o controle de interferência dos filhos. Também observou-se que, quanto maior a inconsistência na punição, maior o tempo de reação da criança na parte incongruente do Teste de Stroop e mais ela é afetada pela incongruência, porém, conforme a parte B do Teste de Trilhas, maior a sua flexibilidade. Portanto observaram-se relações entre estilo parental e funções executivas na amostra avaliada.
Inhibitory effects of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) against the infection and infectivity of macrophages by Leishmania amazonensis
Authors: MELO NETO BERNARDO , LEITÃO JOSEANA M.S.R. , OLIVEIRA LUCIANO G.C. , SANTOS SÉRGIO E.M. , CARNEIRO SABRINA M.P. , RODRIGUES KLINGER A.F. , CHAVES MARIANA H. , ARCANJO DANIEL D.R. , CARVALHO FERNANDO A.A.
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) has been traditionally used in the treatment of microbial infections and parasitic diseases. In the present study, the antileishmanial effect induced by the ethanol extract of stem barks from Z. rhoifolium (ZR-EEtOH) and its n-hexane fraction (ZR-FHEX) on infection and infectivity of murine macrophages by promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis were investigated. In different set of experiments, macrophages or promastigotes were pretreated with ZR-EEtOH or ZR-FHEX at non-lethal concentrations for 24 hours, and then macrophages were submitted to infection by promastigotes. Moreover, their effects on activation of macrophages, as well as on the DNA content, size and number of promastigotes by flow cytometry were also evaluated. The infection rate and the number of internalized amastigote forms were markedly decreased after pretreatment of macrophages or promastigotes when compared with non-treated cells. The increase in phagocytic capability and nitrite content was also observed. Furthermore, the decrease of DNA content, size and number of promastigotes was also observed. In conclusion, ZR-EEtOH and ZR-FHEX promoted a markedly significant antileishmanial effect and reduction of infection of macrophages, probably underlying defense mechanisms activation in macrophages. These findings reinforce the potential application of Z. rhoifolium in the treatment of leishmaniasis.
A reconstrução da indústria brasileira: a conexão entre o regime macroeconômico e a política industrial
Authors: BRESSER-PEREIRA LUIZ CARLOS , NASSIF ANDRÉ , FEIJÓ CARMEM
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: Este artigo, de cunho eminentemente analítico, mostra que no âmbito da política macroeconômica é necessária consistência entre as políticas monetária, fiscal, cambial e salarial para viabilizar taxas de juros reais médias inferiores às taxas de retorno médias sobre o capital, taxas de câmbio reais competitivas (em torno da taxa de "equilíbrio industrial") e taxas de salários que evoluam de acordo com o crescimento da produtividade, condições para que se assegure o crescimento econômico sobre bases sustentáveis. Já com respeito à política industrial é preciso perseguir estratégias de diversificação produtiva, notadamente no setor manufatureiro e nos segmentos tradable do setor de serviços, mediante a identificação de prioridades estratégicas tanto nas cadeias produtivas, segmentos e setores próximos à base de vantagem comparativa preexistente, como naqueles mais próximos à fronteira tecnológica internacional. Embora os argumentos analíticos favoreçam a estratégia de diversificação produtiva, esta não deve ser confundida com semi-autarquia, o que significa que as cadeias e setores que não sejam foco da política industrial devem ter alíquotas de importação zero ou próximas de zero.
Fiscal costs of monetary policy: indirect effects of an interest rate shock on Brazilian public net debt
Authors: CARVALHO LAURA , DINIZ ANDRÉ , PEDROSA ÍTALO , ROSSI PEDRO
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT: The paper estimates the fiscal cost of an increase in the Brazilian policy interest rate - the SELIC - by considering not only the direct effect on the yield of public bonds that are indexed to the SELIC, but also indirect effects on: (i) the yield of public bonds that are indexed to the exchange rate and inflation, and (ii) the stock of public net debt through adjustments in the value of international reserves measured in domestic currency. Projections are based on the estimation of the relationship between interest rates, exchange rates and inflation by means of a vector auto-regression. We conclude that the inclusion of such indirect effects has an ambiguous effect on the response of the implicit interest rate on public net debt to shocks in the SELIC, when adjustments in the value of international reserves are not considered. However, the inclusion of the latter amplifies the fiscal cost of a more restrictive monetary policy. These results call for a better coordination between monetary, fiscal and exchange rate policies in Brazil.
Fundamentos macroeconômicos nas perspectivas de Marx e Keynes: contribuições para a heterodoxia
Authors: LIMA PEDRO GARRIDO DA COSTA , AMADO ADRIANA MOREIRA , MOLLO MARIA DE LOURDES ROLLEMBERG
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: A necessidade de definir fundamentos microeconômicos para os modelos macroeconômicos, presente no pensamento dominante na economia contemporânea, pode ser questionada com base em diferentes abordagens teóricas. Posições como as de Marx e Keynes permitem a apreensão das ações dos agentes econômicos (grupos ou classes) como influenciadas e limitadas pelo ambiente social e macroeconômico, fornecendo visões de fundamentos macroeconômicos da microeconomia, ao invés da visão ortodoxa de fundamentos micro da macroeconomia. Essa forma de apreensão lança luz sobre diferenças de perspectivas da heterodoxia quando se trata de intervir sobre o contexto macroeconômico.
Sectoral capabilities and productive structure: An input-output analysis of the key sectors of the Brazilian economy
Authors: MARCONI NELSON , ROCHA IGOR L. , MAGACHO GUILHERME R.
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT: The complex relationship between production structure and economic growth has been the subject of considerable debate among Brazilian economists. This debate became especially relevant after the 2000s, when Brazil experienced a period of growth from the rise of commodity exports, which contrasted with the stagnation observed in the previous two decades. To analyse the capacity of commodity exports to generate long-term economic growth, this paper assesses this sector's performance and its effects on related sectors in the upstream supply chain through input-output tables. These analyses lead to two main conclusions. First, expansion of agricultural and mineral commodities production exhibited little capacity to boost the economy because they have the lowest linkage indices. Second, the analysis of the Brazilian production structure demonstrated that sectors related to manufacturing can stimulate other sectors, such as sophisticated services, because of their high linkage effects on other sectors. This study also demonstrates that a development strategy should take benefit of comparative advantages in order to reach a structural change oriented toward expanding manufacturing.
Brasil: geopolítica e "abertura para o pacífico"
Authors: PADULA RAPHAEL , FIORI JOSÉ LUÍS
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: O artigo analisa a nova etapa da política externa brasileira, e em particular os desafios no seu projeto de integração sul-americana e de projeção econômica e política para o litoral pacífico. Destacam-se a dinâmica e os desafios presentes em diferentes iniciativas de integração na América do Sul, como a Aliança do Pacífico, a Integração de Infraestrutura Regional Sul-Americana e o Conselho de Infraestrutura e Planejamento Sul-Americano.
Identification of sources of resistance to anthracnose stalk rot in maize
Authors: Nicoli Alessandro , Zambolim Laércio , Costa Rodrigo Veras da , Guimarães Lauro José Moreira , Lanza Fabrício Eustáquio , Silva Dagma Dionísia da , Cota Luciano Viana
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT: Adoption of resistant cultivars is the primary measure used to control anthracnose stalk rot. The goal of this study was to identify maize-resistant genotypes to anthracnose stalk rot, which are similar to the hybrid 2B710. Experiments were performed at Embrapa Maize and Sorghum experimental fields in Brazil. The first experimental trial evaluated 234 maize lines as well as two commercials hybrids, BRS1010 (susceptible) and 2B710 (resistant). Artificial inoculations were performed with a strain at the blister (R2) phase, and evaluation of disease severity was performed after 30 days. The second experimental trial evaluated 48 maize lines and hybrids, inoculated with two Colletotrichum graminicola strains. In the first trial, eight resistance groups were formed, and the last lines were more resistant, as was the hybrid 2B710, with values between 11.50% and 23.0% of severity. In the second trial, there was an interaction between the two factors, lines and isolates, and the lines often showed the same reaction features as those obtained in the first trial. However, the disease severity was higher for most lines, even when using other isolates. These lines with effective levels of resistance could be used in future studies of inheritance, in programs to develop hybrids, and to identify molecular markers associated with resistance to anthracnose stalk rot in maize.
Supervised physical therapy in women treated with radiotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Leal Nara Fernanda Braz da Silva , Oliveira Harley Francisco de , Carrara Hélio Humberto Angotti
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effect of physical therapy on the range of motion of the shoulders and perimetry of the upper limbs in women treated with radiotherapy for breast cancer. Methods: a total of 35 participants were randomized into two groups, with 18 in the control group (CG) and 17 in the study group (SG). Both of the groups underwent three evaluations to assess the range of motion of the shoulders and perimetry of the upper limbs, and the study group underwent supervised physical therapy for the upper limbs. Results: the CG had deficits in external rotation in evaluations 1, 2, and 3, whereas the SG had deficits in flexion, abduction, and external rotation in evaluation 1. The deficit in abduction was recovered in evaluation 2, whereas the deficits in all movements were recovered in evaluation 3. No significant differences in perimetry were observed between the groups. Conclusion: the applied supervised physical therapy was effective in recovering the deficit in abduction after radiotherapy, and the deficits in flexion and external rotation were recovered within two months after the end of radiotherapy. Registration number of the clinical trial: NCT02198118.
Analysis of the discrepancies identified during medication reconciliation on patient admission in cardiology units: a descriptive study
Authors: Lombardi Natália Fracaro , Mendes Antonio Eduardo Matoso , Lucchetta Rosa Camila , Reis Wálleri Christini Torelli , Fávero Maria Luiza Drechsel , Correr Cassyano Januário
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT Objectives: this observational study aimed to describe the discrepancies identified during medication reconciliation on patient admission to cardiology units in a large hospital. Methods: the medication history of patients was collected within 48 hours after admission, and intentional and unintentional discrepancies were classified as omission, duplication, dose, frequency, timing, and route of drug administration. Results: most of the patients evaluated were women (58.0%) with a mean age of 59 years, and 75.5% of the patients had a Charlson comorbidity index score between 1 and 3. Of the 117 discrepancies found, 50.4% were unintentional. Of these, 61.0% involved omission, 18.6% involved dosage, 18.6% involved timing, and 1.7% involved the route of drug administration. Conclusion: this study revealed a high prevalence of discrepancies, most of which were related to omissions, and 50% were unintentional. These results reveal the number of drugs that are not reincorporated into the treatment of patients, which can have important clinical consequences.
Pelvic floor muscle strength in primiparous women according to the delivery type: cross-sectional study
Authors: Mendes Edilaine de Paula Batista , Oliveira Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos de , Caroci Adriana de Souza , Francisco Adriana Amorim , Oliveira Sheyla Guimaraes , Silva Renata Luana da
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT Objectives: to compare the pelvic floor muscle strength in primiparous women after normal birth and cesarean section, related to the socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional status, dyspareunia, urinary incontinence, perineal exercise in pregnancy, perineal condition and weight of the newborn. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study conducted after 50 - 70 postpartum days, with 24 primiparous women who underwent cesarean delivery and 72 who had a normal birth. The 9301 PeritronTM was used for analysis of muscle strength. The mean muscle strength was compared between the groups by two-way analysis of variance. Results: the pelvic floor muscle strength was 24.0 cmH2O (±16.2) and 25.4 cmH2O (±14.7) in postpartum primiparous women after normal birth and cesarean section, respectively, with no significant difference. The muscular strength was greater in postpartum women with ≥ 12 years of study (42.0 ±26.3 versus 14.6 ±7.7 cmH2O; p= 0.036) and in those who performed perineal exercises (42.6±25.4 11.8±4.9 vs. cmH2O; p = 0.010), compared to caesarean. There was no difference in muscle strength according to delivery type regarding nutritional status, dyspareunia, urinary incontinence, perineal condition or newborn weight. Conclusion: pelvic floor muscle strength does not differ between primiparous women based on the type of delivery. Postpartum women with normal births, with higher education who performed perineal exercise during pregnancy showed greater muscle strength.
Nutritional content of bat-consumed fruits in a forest fragment in Southern Brazil
Authors: Batista C. B. , Reis N. R. , Rezende M. I.
Published: August 2016

Abstract The State Park Mata dos Godoy has 42 identified bat species, among which 21 are frugivorous and belong to the Phyllostomidae family. Current study investigated the concentrations of carbohydrate, lipid and protein in fruits consumed by Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium to understand their potential differentiated food preferences. The Sampling effort it was from April/2013 to March/2014. Animals captured in mist nets were identified in the field and maintained in cotton bags for 30 minutes to defecate. The diet was inferred from fecal samples analyzed in the laboratory, the fruits whose seeds were found in the feces had the determinations of the nutrients accomplished by centesimal composition method. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's multiple comparison method verified the most abundant nutrients for each species of bat. Whereas Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium feeds mainly in food with carbohydrates that provide them with more energy, the diet of Artibeus lituratus is richer in carbohydrates and lipids. Only fruits considered scarcely represent a complete nutrition for the three bat species, however, the complementarity with other food items such as leaves, pollen, and insects, can provide a complete nutrient diet for these animals.
Growth responses and accumulation of soluble sugars in Inga marginata Wild. (Fabaceae) subjected to flooding under contrasting light conditions
Authors: Bender B. , Capellesso E. S. , Lottici M. E. , Sentkovski J. , Mielniczki-Pereira A. A. , Rosa L. M. G. , Sausen T. L.
Published: August 2016

Abstract Flood events in riparian forests of southern Brazil, can be characterized as unpredictable and of low magnitude with an average duration of less than 15 days. Inga marginata is an evergreen tree which grows in Southeast South America on a wide range of environments, including riparian forests. In this paper, the interactive effects of the light environment and soil flooding on morphological parameters of I. marginata were examined. Seedlings were acclimated in two contrasting light conditions: sun or shade for 30 days. Sun and shade plants were subjected to soil flooding for two periods; five or 15 days. After 5 days, the interaction between flooding and light did not affect growth, chlorophyll content and dry mass or the root-shoot ratio. After 15 days, flooded plants from the sunny treatment had a lower shoot dry mass compared to control sun plants and flooded plants from the shaded treatment. Moreover, the higher dry mass observed for shade plants compared to sun plants, following flooding, can also be directly associated with a higher content of soluble sugars. Shade plants of I. marginata showed a greater acclimation to soil waterlogging. This acclimation appears to be associated with a larger accumulation of soluble sugars compared to non-flooded plants. The responses observed on the shade plants appear to be decisive to indicate the use of I. marginata in degraded areas.
Assessment of tributyltin contamination based on imposex in Stramonita rustica (Mollusca: Gastropoda) along southern Bahia coast, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Zeidan G. C. , Boehs G.
Published: August 2016

Abstract This study investigated the effects of tributyltin (TBT) on the morphology of the genital system of the gastropod Stramonita rustica in southern Bahia, Brazil. For this, 330 specimens were collected during the summer of 2014 at eight sampling points to ascertain whether male sex organs had developed in addition to the complete female genital tract in females (= imposex). The analyses were made under a stereoscopic microscope. Imposex and their associated indexes, and the sterile females, exhibited the highest rates in harbors and shipyards areas. Despite the total ban of TBT in anti-fouling paints on a global scale since 2003, the results of this and other studies indicate the continued use of those paints on the Brazilian coast. This shows the inefficiency of existing legislation and the need to strengthen enforcement of the ban.
Efecto Doppler con una fuente que acelera: una simple aproximación gráfica
Authors: Wörner C.H. , Rojas R.
Published: August 2016

Se analiza el efecto Doppler producido por una fuente acelerada usando un enfoque cinemático elemental. Con este simple método se obtienen fácilmente las expresiones para la frecuencia detectada por un observador estacionario y una fuente que se aleja o acerca. También se analiza el caso relativista.
"Demonstração" da lei da inércia?
Authors: Catelli Francisco , Giovannini Odilon , Laurido Valdinei Gomes
Published: August 2016

Há muitas sugestões de "demonstrações" da lei de inércia, tanto na rede mundial de computadores quanto em livros texto de ensino de Física. A questão explorada nesse trabalho é: essas demonstrações põem de fato a inércia em destaque? Na primeira parte do artigo, argumenta-se que, em muitos casos, não. É então explorada a manipulação na qual uma tira de papel colocada entre duas garrafas, equilibradas pelos seus gargalos, é retirada, sem que elas caiam. O resultado final (a garrafa não cair) dependerá da existência de uma força resultante, não dependerá (ou dependerá muito pouco) das massas envolvidas, e dependerá de forma decisiva da magnitude do intervalo de tempo de aplicação da força; ou seja, a inércia não aparecerá em primeiro plano. Então, um procedimento alternativo é sugerido no qual objetos com massas diferentes apresentam estados finais de movimento também diferentes, quando submetidas a forças (aproximadamente) idênticas em intensidade e duração; nesse caso, é a segunda lei de Newton que é posta em evidência. Por fim, de um ponto de vista didático, os autores preconizam atividades experimentais argumentativas, em vez de demonstrativas.
Construção de uma carta celeste: Um recurso didático para o ensino de Astronomia nas aulas de Física
Authors: Justiniano Artur , Botelho Rafael
Published: August 2016

Uma carta celeste é um mapa do céu utilizado para identificar e localizar os objetos astronômicos. Até o início do século XX elas eram essenciais em diversas atividades humanas como a navegação e o planejamento econômico. Hoje em dia, há diversos softwares e aplicativos para celular capazes de confecciona-las em tempo real. Neste trabalho apresentamos um método para construir uma carta celeste que pode ser utilizado como um recurso didático para introduzir conceitos de astronomia nas aulas de física. O trabalho está dividido em três partes. Na primeira vamos apresentar os dois sistemas de coordenadas celeste, o equatorial e o horizontal. Na segunda as definições de tempo que serão utilizadas. Na terceira apresentamos como calcular as coordenadas horizontais dos astros e construir a carta celeste. Para finalizar apresentamos um comparação dos nossos resultados com os da literatura. Nas considerações finais há uma sugestão de como abordar esse conteúdo na sala de aula.
USO DE FERRAMENTAS DA INTERNET NO ENSINO DO SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO NO CURSO DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA AGRÍCOLA
Authors: Sousa Edilberto Bezerra de , Candeias Ana Lúcia Bezerra
Published: August 2016

RESUMO Esta pesquisa consistiu no desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de ensino, a partir da utilização de ferramentas da INTERNET, para a disciplina de Sensoriamento Remoto I, ministrada no DEAg (Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola) da UFPB (Universidade Federal da Paraíba) e está vinculada ao programa da UFPB para informatização de disciplinas dos cursos de Engenharia. Nesta metodologia são abordados todos os tópicos do seu programa. Na abordagem, apesar de ser dirigida aos cursos de Engenharia Agrícola, os temas básicos e aplicações são de interesse de diversos cursos de engenharia e áreas afins. A deficiência de material didático básico para dar suporte a tal disciplina é muito grande, principalmente nos cursos de Engenharia Agrícola, que tratam de um segmento específico relacionado aos Recursos Naturais, o que motivou a realização deste trabalho que, certamente, preencherá a lacuna de um material didático ilustrado e com várias aplicações na Engenharia Agrícola. Nesta pesquisa constatou-se que a utilização da informática nos seus mais diversos modos é uma experiência que, além de estimular e familiarizar o aluno ao uso de novas ferramentas de trabalho, permite formar um engenheiro melhor preparado para as novas necessidades do mercado de trabalho. Verificou-se ainda que a metodologia de ensino desenvolvida nesta pesquisa mostrou-se eficaz no aprendizado do conteúdo da disciplina Sensoriamento Remoto I, ministrada no curso de graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da UFPB.