bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Characteristics of Pedestrians when Passing Obstacles of Different Sizes: An Experimental Study
Authors: Alhawsawi Abdullah N , Sarvi Majid , Felemban Emad , Rajabifard Abbas , Wang Jianyu
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to understand the collective movements of individuals and to observe how individuals interact within a physical environment in a crowd dynamic, which has drawn the attention of many researchers. We conducted an experimental study to observe interactions in the collective motions of people and to identify characteristics of pedestrians when passing obstacles of different sizes (bar-shaped, 1.2 m, 2.4 m, 3.6 m and 4.8 m), going through one narrow exit and employing three different flow rates in walking and running conditions. According to the results of our study, there were no differences in collision-avoidance behaviour of pedestrians when walking or running. The pedestrians reacted early to the obstacles and changed the direction in which they were walking by quickly turning to the left or to the right. In terms of the speed of the pedestrians, the average velocity was significantly affected while performing these tasks, decreasing as the size of the obstacle increased; therefore, the size of obstacles will affect flow and speed levels. Travel time was shorter when participants were in the medium-flow rate experiments. In terms of the distance of each individual’s travel, our data showed that there was no significant difference in all the flow rate experiments for both speed levels. Our results also show that when the pedestrians crossed an obstacle, the lateral distance averaged from 0.3 m to 0.7 m, depending on the flow rate and speed level. We then explored how the body sways behaved while avoiding obstacles. It is observed that the average sway of the body was less in the high-speed conditions compared to the low-speed conditions – except for the HF & 4.8 m experiment. These results are expected to provide an insight into the characteristics of the behaviour of pedestrians when avoiding objects, and this could help enhance agent-based models.
Experimental Approach on the Study of Ground-Motion Amplification at the Cerro Prieto Volcano, Mexicali Valley, Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Vidal-Villegas J. Antonio , Huerta-López Carlos I. , Ramírez Erik E. , Arce-Villa Rogelio , Vega-Guzmán Felipe de J.
Published: December 2021

We conducted experimental work to explain the large peak ground accelerations observed at the Cerro Prieto volcano in Mexicali Valley, Mexico. Using ambient noise and earthquake data, we compared horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSRs) computed for sites on the volcano against those calculated for locations outside it. High-HVSR values (∼11 at ∼2 Hz) were obtained on the top of the volcano at 183 m of altitude, decreasing for sites located at lower elevations. We calculated a median HVSR of ∼1 at 2 Hz from HVSRs computed for nine sites located along an N18°E transect and at an average elevation of ∼25 m. The earlier comparison suggests a relative amplification on the volcano. In addition, we calculated HVSRs from accelerograms generated by 62 earthquakes (2.6≤ML≤5.4; 4.6≤Mw≤7.2) recorded at four locations: two on the volcano (at 194 and 110 m of elevation) and two outside it. These last two sites, located up to 6 km away in a north-northwest and south-southwest direction relative to the volcano, are at an average altitude of 22 m. For the four locations, we also computed the HVSRs from ambient noise data. Although the HVSR results derived from both types of data are slightly different, we also found high HVSRs for the two sites on the volcano and low HVSRs for the two sites outside it, corroborating the relative amplification on the volcano. Using the 1D wave propagation modeling, based on the stiffness matrix method, we modeled the experimental HVSRs to analyze the local site effects. Therefore, we propose that the ground-motion amplification at the Cerro Prieto volcano may be due to a combination of its topography and shallow site effects.
Development of Qube: A Low-Cost Internet of Things Device for On-Site and Regional Earthquake Warning
Authors: He Vivien
Published: December 2021

Earthquakes are a major global risk. The current earthquake early warning systems based on public seismic stations face challenges such as high cost, low density, high latency, no alert zone, and difficulty in predicting ground motions at the location of the user. This article pursues an alternative consumer-based approach. An Internet of Things consumer device, called a “Qube,” was built for a cost below $100 and is about the size of a Rubik’s cube. The Qube successfully detected earthquakes and issued earthquake warnings through sounding the onboard alarm for on-site warning and sending text messages to local subscribers for regional warning. The Qube is highly sensitive. During nine months of testing from September 2020 to May 2021, it detected all earthquakes over M 3.0 magnitude around Los Angeles, as well as nearby earthquakes down to M 2.3. The Qube uses a geophone for ground-motion velocity sensing and captures earthquake waveforms consistent with a nearby broadband seismometer in the Southern California Seismic Network. By analyzing data of the earthquakes detected by the Qube, an empirical logarithmic formula that is used to estimate local earthquake magnitude based on detected ground-motion amplitude in digital counts was developed. Although the Qube’s response in digital counts to ground-motion velocity in μm/s has not been determined, the empirical formula between Qube’s output and local earthquake magnitude suggests the Qube’s consistency in ground-motion measurement. The Qube has Wi-Fi connectivity and is controllable via a smartphone or computer. The combination of low cost, high sensitivity, and integrated alarm function of the Qube is intended to enable a consumer-based approach with the potential for mass adoption and use in dense networks, creating new opportunities for seismic network, earthquake warning, and educational applications.
Exploring the Effects of Emplacement Conditions on ExplosionP/SRatios across Local to Regional Distances
Authors: Pyle Moira L. , Walter William R.
Published: December 2021

High-frequency (∼> 2 Hz) seismic P/S amplitude ratios are well-established as a discriminant to distinguish between natural earthquakes and underground explosions at regional distances (∼200–1500 km). As research shifts toward identifying lower-yield events, work has begun to investigate the potential of this discriminant for use at local distances (<200 km), in which initial results raise questions about its effectiveness. Here, we utilize data from several chemical explosion experiment series at the Nevada National Security Site in southern Nevada in the United States to study explosion Pg/Lg ratios across the range of local to regional distances. The experiments are conducted over differing emplacement conditions, with contrasting geologies and a variety of yields and depths of burial, including surface explosions. We first establish the similarities of Pg/Lg ratios from chemical explosions to those from historic nuclear tests and conclude that, as previous data have suggested, chemical explosion ratios are good proxies for nuclear tests. We then examine Pg/Lg ratios from the new experiment series as functions of distance, yield, depth of burial, and scaled depth of burial (SDOB). At far-local and regional distances, we observe consistently higher ratios from hard-rock explosions compared to ones in a weaker dry alluvium medium, consistent with prior regional distance results. No other trends with yield, depth of burial, or SDOB are strongly evident. Scatter in the observed ratios is very high, particularly at the shortest event-to-station distances, suggesting that small-scale path effects play a significant role. On average, the local distance explosion Pg/Lg ratios show remarkable consistency across all the variations in emplacement. Explosion source models will need to reproduce these results.
Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinden İzole Edilen Acinetobacter Baumannıı Suşlarının Direnç Profili: Beş Yıllık Çalışma
Authors: DURAN Hülya , CEKEN Nihan , ATİK Bülent
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Antibiyotik direnci son yıllarda tüm dünyada artış göstermiştir. Bu durum özellikle yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ) yatan hastalarda ciddi sağlık problemi oluşturmaktadır. Acinetobacter baumannii YBÜ’de yatan hastalarda çoklu ilaç dirençli enfeksiyonların önemli bir nedeni haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı YBÜ’den izole edilen A.baumannii suşlarının direnç oranlarını saptamaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntem:2015-2019 yılları arasında YBÜ’lerden mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına gönderilen çeşitli örneklerden izole edilen A.baumannii suşları çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bakteri tanımlaması ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testleri konvansiyonel yöntemler ve otomatize sistemler kullanılarak yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Toplam 773 A.baumannii suşu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Suşların izole edildiği örnekler arasında endotrakeal aspirat örnekleri ilk sırada (%65.3) saptanmıştır. İzole edilen A.baumannii suşlarının en dirençli olduğu antibiyotik grubu karbapenemler (%96.5) olarak bulunmuştur. Siprofloksasine %96.1, netilmisine %89.8, gentamisine %88, amikasine %66 ve trimetoprim-sülfametoksazole %67.7 direnç tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, direnç oranlarının yıllar içinde arttığı gözlenmiştir.

Sonuç: A.baumannii suşlarının antimikrobiyal ajanlara direnç oranları hastaneler arasında farklılık gösterdiğinden her hastane belirli aralıklarla kendi antibiyotik direnç profilini gözden geçirmeli ve antibiyotik kullanım politikalarını belirlemelidir. Ayrıca geniş spektrumlu antibiyotiklerin yaygın kullanımının kısıtlanarak direnç gelişiminin önlenmesi hedeflenmelidir.
La venta de la unidad productiva como solución a la insolvencia
Authors: Gilo Gómez César
Published: December 2021

En demasiadas ocasiones el patrimonio del deudor concursado es sometido a su liquidación para la satisfacción de sus acreedores. Aceptando que esta es la solución del concurso en la generalidad de los casos, la venta de todo o de una parte conjunta de los bienes del deudor en funcionamiento se erige en una opción que permite a través de un mero cambio de titularidad, la satisfacción de los acreedores y el mantenimiento de la actividad económica. Junto a estos objetivos, en la actualidad se explora la posibilidad de enajenar la unidad productiva con carácter previo a la declaración del concurso, para aprovechar las importantes ventajas que la anticipación del proceso de venta presenta, evitando así tanto la devaluación de los activos del deudor por el mero transcurso del tiempo como por la connotación negativa asociada a toda declaración del concurso.
El poder de dirección y los medios de control del empresario en el teletrabajo
Authors: Olmos Parés Isabel
Published: December 2021

La nueva regulación del trabajo a distancia, en especial el teletrabajo, nos plantea la cuestión de si el poder de dirección de empresario se reduce o por el contrario se incrementa. Este trabajo aborda cuáles son los principales aspectos del poder de dirección del empresario en el trabajo a distancia: el horario de trabajo, el tiempo de disponibilidad, pero también las instrucciones sobre protección de datos o de información, así como todo lo relativo a la utilización de los dispositivos digitales puestos a disposición del trabajador por el empresario.
Ignasi Terradas Saborit. La Justicia más antigua. Teoría y cultura del ordenamiento vindicatorio. Biblioteca de Antropología 60. Editorial Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Madrid, 2019. 380 pp.
Authors: Rodríguez Montero Ramón P.
Published: December 2021

El libro del profesor Terradas nos ofrece un nuevo paradigma para la comprensión de las culturas jurídicas primitivas, antiguas, medievales y de varias sociedades tradicionales. Se trata de un estudio en base a la jurisprudencia presente en la etnografía y la historia. Muestra los valores y la lógica de todo un sistema, lejos de los prejuicios etnocéntricos que han atribuido únicamente un sentido proto-jurídico, o parcialmente jurídico, a fenómenos realmente jurídicos que se consideraban toscos e inconexos.
Digital Currency of Central Banks
Authors: Sidorenko E.
Published: December 2021

The study provides a systematic analysis of central banks digital currencies (CBDC) as a new financial instrument. The main goal of the study was to review the CBDC economic development scenarios both domestically and internationally based on the assessment of the main features, advantages and risks of introducing this financial instrument into the modern monetary policy. The study considers the following three main characteristics of CBDC: a tool for domestic settlements, a single unit of account for the economic bloc of countries and a universal international digital currency. Each of these models was considered by the author in terms of the motivation of market participants, degree of readiness of the project and its compatibility with the existing financial system. Differentiation of models, depending on the payment architecture, the technological parameters and the implementation scale, allowed to conclude that currently there is no common understanding of the CBDC nature and economic advantages neither for individual countries nor for the international community as a whole. Noting the technological advantages of digitalization of the financial system, states are yet to answer the question of the CBDC implementation scale. Will it replace cash domestically or will it become a single international payment instrument? And are states ready today to consider such a possibility? The author concludes the study by substantiating the idea that in the next 3-5 years interest in the digital financial services sector will grow mainly in developing countries looking for a qualitative leap in the development of the digital financial services. As for the developed countries, those are neither objectively nor subjectively ready to change the already built and well-proven financial system, and therefore, given their weak interest in paradigm shifts, digital currency in the next 10 years will not be able to provide an alternative to the US dollar as a unit of international settlements. At the same time, there is a high probability of the CBDC development as a means of payment within the economic bloc of countries provided the unity of purpose of its participants.
Medyada Milliyetçilik Bağlamında Militarist Söylem ve Erkeklik Temsili: Söz Dizisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Gökhan , AKAR Zafer , BİLECEN Nedim Serhat
Published: December 2021

Söylem olarak milliyetçilik, toplumsal pratikler içinde kendine ait bir yer bulmakta ve kültürel metinler aracılığıyla sosyal alana taşınmaktadır. Milliyetçi ideoloji ise genellikle militarist söylemler etrafında biçimlenmektedir. Günümüzde önemli bir ifade aktarım aracı olan medya, aynı zamanda ideolojik bir aygıt olma niteliğindedir. Dolayısıyla medya, militarist söylemin üretilmesinde, aktarılmasında ve bu sayede toplumsal rollerin inşa edilmesinde önemli bir yerde konumlanmaktadır. Bu toplumsal roller genellikle cinsiyet bağlamında kadınlık temsili üzerinden inşa edilmekte; ancak son zamanlarda erkeklik üzerine de çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada Türkiye’deki erkekliğin militarist söylemle yeniden üretildiği ve militarize edilmiş erkekliği inşa ettiği varsayımından yola çıkarak “Söz” dizisi söylem analiziyle incelenmiş ve bahsi geçen askeri dizide milliyetçi söylemle erkekliklerin militarize edilmiş olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca bu dizide militarizmin dramatik bir gösteri gibi sunulduğu, bu gösterinin yapısının erkek egemen ve otoriteryan olduğu, militarist bir mantıkla bu mekanizmanın ötekileştirme ve bastırma üzerine kurulu olduğu saptanmıştır.
Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe Piyasa Yapısı ve Rekabet
Authors: EMRE AYSİN Meryem , ÇALMAŞUR Gürkan
Published: December 2021

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin önemli sorunlarından biri bankacılık sektörünün finansal bozulmalar karşısında zayıf, kırılgan ve istikrarsız bir yapıya sahip olmasıdır. Bu sorun, faiz ve kur riskleri karşısında yeterli sermayeye sahip olmayan bankaları sistematik olarak etkilemektedir. Yükselen ekonomilerden biri olan Türkiye, 2001 yılında Cumhuriyet tarihinin en büyük krizini yaşamış ve Türk bankacılık sektörü derinden sarsılmıştır. Yaşanan bu büyük krizin etkilerini ortadan kaldırmak için yoğun çaba sarf edilmiş ve yapısal reformlar getirilmiştir. Bu reformların amaçlarından biri de rekabet düzeyinin arttırılması olmuştur. 2008 yılında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde ortaya çıkıp küreselleşen kriz Türkiye’deki birçok sektörü, özellikle bankacılık sektörünü sınamıştır. Bu çalışmada, 2008 Küresel Finans Krizi sonrasında bankacılık endüstrisinin piyasa yapısı 2009-2019 dönemi için ekonometrik yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Panzar-Rosse modeli kullanılarak yapılan analizlerde, Türk bankacılık sektörünün monopollü rekabet şartları altında faaliyet gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmış ve sektörün rekabet düzeyi ilgili piyasa yapısı üzerinden irdelenmiştir.
Proteoliposomes as a Method of Membrane Protein Immobilization for SPR-analysis with the Human CYP3A4 and CYB5A Interaction as an Example
Authors: Kaluzhskiy L.A. , Yablokov E.O. , Kisel M.S. , Tumilovich A.M. , Usanov S.A. , Shkel T.V. , Gnedenko O.V. , Ivanov A.S.
Published: December 2021

Microsomal systems of human cytochrome P450 consist of three components, which are membrane proteins: cytochrome P450 hemoprotein (CYP), NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), and a small regulatory heme-containing protein cytochrome b5 (CYB5A). In the study of the cytochrome P450 system functioning the study of intermolecular interactions both with partner proteins and with possible drug prototypes is of great importance. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a powerful and reliable tool for studying intermolecular interactions. However, there is a problem of immobilization of membrane proteins on the optical chip of the SPR biosensor. It is important to immobilize such proteins in native conditions with respect to the correct orientation of the protein globule to the surface of sensor. Previously, we have developed and described a method involving direct native immobilization of membrane proteins into a planar bilayer lipid membrane on the surface of a biosensor chip. At the same time, one of the commonly used approaches to working with membrane proteins using various methods is the construction of proteoliposomes containing membrane proteins. In this work, using CYP3A4 and CYB5A as protein partners, we evaluated two approaches to the creation of proteoliposomes: incorporation of a membrane protein into liposomes saturated with detergents and incorporation of a membrane protein into the forming proteoliposomes by the mechanism of micellar coalescence. The interaction of CYP3A4 with proteoliposomes obtained by incorporating CYB5A into detergent-saturated liposomes was shown. On the contrary, interaction between CYP3A4 and proteoliposomes containing CYB5A, obtained by the method of micellar coalescence, was not detected. Thus, it was shown that the incorporation of the membrane protein into liposomes saturated with a detergent was a more preferable method for working with an SPR biosensor as compared to the method of proteoliposomes formation by micellar coalescence. Detailed protocols for the creation of proteoliposomes and SPR-analysis can be useful to a wide range of researchers.
Identifying Metaphors in TV Commercials with FILMIP: The Filmic Metaphor Identification Procedure
Authors: Bort-Mir Lorena
Published: December 2021

The analysis and identification of figurative language is one of the largest research areas in cognitive linguistics, and metaphor is one of these tropes. Focusing on the genre of TV advertising, a structural method for the identification of metaphorical components used in films in a cross-modal fashion is developed in the present paper. A corpus of eleven TV commercials is analyzed under seven steps that guide analysts from the content description of the multimodal materials to the concrete identification of metaphorical elements. This research presents the Filmic Metaphor Identification Procedure (FILMIP, Bort-Mir 2019) as a tool for the identification of metaphorically used filmic components in multimodal filmic materials. More concretely, the paper presents the application of the procedure to two TV commercials from different perfume brands. FILMIP offers a valuable contribution not only to metaphor scholars but also to researchers focused on other fields of study such as multimodality, discourse analysis, communication, branding, or even film theory.
Paul Auster’s Transcendentalism: Shifting Postmodern Sensibility in the New Millennium
Authors: Bolaño Quintero Jesús
Published: December 2021

This article traces Paul Auster’s shift in sensibility after the 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center. While his earlier novels where paradigmatic of postmodern self-referentiality, several critics have argued that his post-9/11 production turned towards realism. This might be interpreted as subsidiary evidence in favor of the polemic debate around the death of postmodernism. However, the aim of this article is to outline the transformation of the writer and offer explanations as to why that change in sensibility does not respond to a divestiture of postmodernism, but to an intensification of it. I trace Auster’s alternative to postmodern relativism, that is, transcendentalism, to arrive at the conclusion that his stance towards it is the same in his later novels.
The Semantic Map of "Aktionart" and Lexical Entailment of Old English Strong Verbs
Authors: Fidalgo Allo Luisa
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to analyse the semantic relations that hold between Old English primitive and derived verbs in terms of troponymy and Aktionsart. The results of this analysis are presented in a semantic map, while emphasis is made on the points of contact between these phenomena. The main conclusion is that semantic maps represent a more flexible and applicable methodology than previous work suggests since they have been used to deal with one language, to explain historical languages and to refer to specific lexical items. Likewise, this analysis shows evidence of an inherent relationship between both phenomena: troponymy and Aktionsart.
Prescription audit of antihypertensive drugs used in stroke patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Shaji Bipin , George Jereena , Shrestha Aishwarya , Stanly Sharon Mary , Bose Noah M.
Published: December 2021

Background: Stroke is considered as one of the important reasons of death and disability worldwide. A rational use of medications is needed to prevent the recurrence and the disease related complications.Methods: The current study is a prospective observational study. All stroke cases, with patients above the age of 25 and treated with antihypertensive agents were included in the study. A total of 189 patients were found suitable for inclusion in the study. Using a suitably designed data collection form, all pertinent data such as patient demographics, prescribed medicines, drug interactions and adverse drug reactions were collected from the patient’s case file, nurses’ charts, and medication charts. Prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs were obtained. The causality of the ADR was assessed using the Naranjo causality assessment scale and reported in the institution where the study was conducted.Results: Majority of patients included in the study were in the age group of 61-70 years. The incidence of stroke in this study was more in males than in the females. Ischemic stroke (72%) was more prevalent when compared to Hemorrhagic stroke. Among the antihypertensive agents, calcium channel blockers (32%) were the most commonly prescribed class of drugs. In our audit, drug related problems were observed in 27% of the cases which included cases with improper dose (3 cases), contraindications (4 cases), major drug interactions (20 cases), and adverse drug reactions (17 cases). Most of the prescriptions were legible. Drug related problems had a great impact on the overall stroketherapy.Conclusions: The drug related problems are a relevant aspect to be considered when treating patients with stroke and it can arise irrespective of adherence to guidelines.
Study of role of vitamin C in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Eda Shashikala , Motgi Somnath , Singh Rohith , B. N. Vijay Raghawa Rao
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common non-communicable diseases in the present millennium which has become a global public health problem. The treatment of type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) often is initiated with monotherapy of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), which often do not decrease the plasma sugar levels effectively and consistently that will reduce short term and long-term complications associated with T2 DM. Hence the current study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of vitamin C supplementation with standard OADs on glycemic control.Methods: This study consisted of 120 T2 DM patients with 80 males and 40 females with a mean age of 50.88 yrs were divided into four groups with equal number of males and females in each group depending upon the OADs they received in solo or with vitamin C for 12 weeks. After the written consent, a detail clinical history, clinical examination, biochemical investigations including fasting plasma sugar (FPS), post prandial plasma sugar (PPS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c), serum creatinine, serum electrolytes, chest X-ray PA view and standard ECG were done. Repeat FPS, PPS and HBA1c were done after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of study.Results: After 12 weeks of study FBS, PPS and HBA1c decreased significantly (p<0.01) in study groups (Metformin and teneligliptin with vitamin C) as compared to control groups (OADs without vitamin C). Vitamin C supplementation with OADs found to be effective, well tolerated and devoid of any side effects.Conclusions: OADs are effective and affordable hypoglycemic agents with vitamin C supplementation.
Dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as reversible dementia
Authors: Nagendra Shashank , Gutte Avinash , Gaikwad Abhijit , Kharat Sumit
Published: December 2021

DAVF is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, where supply is mainly through branches arising from the external carotid artery. A 30 years old male had multiple episodes of seizures and progressive behavioral and cognitive decline, inattention and disorientation to time, place and person, along with ptosis and ophthalmoplegia in the right eye. DSA provided a definitive diagnosis of hypervascular Dural AV fistula at the right transverse sigmoid junction with significant cortical venous hypertension. Through femoral access, both underwent transarterial embolization through the Middle Meningeal branch of the right external carotid artery using onyx, resulting in complete occlusion of fistula and resolution of venous hypertension. Post embolisation, cognitive function assessment revealed increased attention span and improved orientation with time, place and person. Thus, DAVF can be one of the rare but reversible causes of dementia. Early diagnosis and treatment may help to dramatically improve patients’ clinical condition and minimize long-term disability.
Mycobacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in chronic suppurative otitis media: a cross- sectional study
Authors: Hiremath Basavaraj , T. Subramanya B.
Published: December 2021

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a disease of mucoperiosteal lining of the middle ear cleft. The poor compliance of patients to antibiotic treatment, Incomplete treatment, misuse/improper choice of antibiotics have resulted in changes in susceptibility to antibiotics and also development of resistant strains by microbes to commonly used antibiotics. This study aimed to identify the mycobacteriological profile and determine antibiotic susceptibility pattern in CSOM patients.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 120 clinically diagnosed cases of CSOM attending otolaryngology department. Ear discharges obtained were processed for microbial culture (aerobic, anaerobic and fungi). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.  

Results: Of total 120 cases, pathogens were isolated from 114 cases. The commonest aerobic organism isolated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.5%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (29.4%). Staphylococcus aureus showed maximum sensitivity to erythromycin (70%), followed by cotrimoxazole (62.5%) and ampicillin (55%). Maximum resistance was observed for ciprofloxacin (77.5%), followed by amoxiclave (55%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed maximum sensitivity to piperacillin (89.36%) followed by gentamicin (70.2%), amikacin (70.2%), moderate sensitivity to ceftazidime (51.06%); however resistance to carbpenicillin (60%). Ciprofloxacin which is the most prescribed topical antibiotic showing an increase in resistance to causative organisms of CSOM.

Conclusions: Hence, it becomes essential to study each case of CSOM bacteriologically to formulate local antibiotic policy for appropriate use of antibiotics. This will certainly help in achieving a safe ear and to control the organisms developing resistance to prevalent antibiotics.
Psorolin B: a formulation with synchronized, synergistic scooping of botanicals and associated exodus therapeutic benefit to psoriasis
Authors: V. Amrutha G. , V. Aruna , Rajagopal Gayathri
Published: December 2021

Background: Psoriasis is an auto-inflammatory disease condition, with the clinical symptoms of scaling, inflammation and itching. This condition is triggered by external and internal factors such as environment, seasons and free radicles etc. Psorolin B is a proprietary Siddha Medicine indicated for the reduction in the psoriatic symptoms and also for inhibiting the various triggers of psoriasis

Methods: In the present paper, the formulation is evaluated for its anti-oxidant effect, anti-glycation effect, enzymatic activity reduction i.e., elastase, collagenase, lipoxygenase and reduction in COX1 and COX 2 by following the standard methods.

Results: In the present paper, the formulation is evaluated for its anti-oxidant effect, anti-glycation effect, enzymatic activity reduction i.e., elastase, collagenase, lipoxygenase and reduction in COX1 and COX 2 by following the standard methods. The study results show that the product is able to reduce- free radicle scavenging activity, advanced glycation end products, elastase, collagenase, lipoxygenase and COX1 and COX 2

Conclusions: The study results prove that this product can control the pro-inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the triggering factors like free radicles and advanced glycation end products. This also play a major role in inhibiting the elastase and collagenase that helps in reducing the cell cycle turn over. Complete details of the study are explained the paper.
Granulomatous Slack Skin with Hypercalcemia Indolently Mimicking Sarcoidosis
Authors: Colando Sarah , Seyffert Jennifer , Rivlin Daniel
Published: December 2021

Granulomatous slack skin is a rare variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by lax skin and granulomatous infiltrate with loss of elastic fibers on histology. We report a unique case of a female presenting with CD30-granulomatous slack skin complicated by hypercalcemia, initially diagnosed, and managed as sarcoidosis. Interestingly, she had a history of previously treated CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Granulomatous slack skin can frequently mimic other benign and malignant cutaneous diseases, prompting the need for clinical vigilance from dermatologists.
Genital nodular scabies in Indonesian adolescent boy
Authors: Widjaya Suni Christina , Mariam Lysa
Published: December 2021

Scabies is an infection caused by infestation and sensitization to the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 declared that scabies was included as Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) and become a significant health concern in many developing countries. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study in 2015, Indonesia was the first place among 195 countries with the greatest scabies burden. Nodular scabies is an uncommon clinical variant in classical scabies cases, characterized by persistent pruritic nodules due to immune response against the mites and their products (eggs and scybala). This variant was occurring in about 7% of scabies patients. The incidence and prevalence of nodular scabies are still unknown. Nodular scabies is usually found in young children and affect the male genitalia, especially in the scrotum. The diagnosis of nodular scabies generally can be made clinically and supported by a history of receiving adequate anti-scabies treatment. Active infestation form or atypical manifestations of nodular scabies might be confused the diagnosis. Diagnostic tools such as dermoscopic and skin biopsy may aid in differentiating them. Histopathology features also can rule out the differential diagnosis. Corticosteroid (topical or injection) and topical inhibitor calcineurin (tacrolimus) was reported effective in treating nodular scabies. We reported an Indonesian adolescent boy who has been diagnosed with scabies complained of persistent pruritic nodules on his genital for several months despite adequate anti scabies therapy being given. Intralesional corticosteroid injection was the options treatment of this case due to the nodular lesion being resistant with topical corticosteroids, while topical tacrolimus is difficult to obtain in our region.
A case report of Aceclofenac induced Drug induced Hypersensitivity syndrome
Authors: Srivastava Divyanshu , Krishna Arvind , Chugh Robin , David Abhinav
Published: December 2021

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is an unusual, potentially life-threatening, multi-organ adverse drug reaction. DIHS usually develops 2-6 weeks after drug initiation. We report a case of 21 years old female with maculopapular rash associated with fever and generalised lymphadenopathy, 15 days after intake of aceclofenac. Treatment with intravenous corticosteroids, antibiotics and fluids along with cessation of the offending drug resulted in successful resolution.
Expert consensus statement on diagnosis and management of sensitive skin in current clinical practice
Authors: Pant Hema , Madnani Nina , Dhawan Sachin , Parthasaradhi Anchala , Shetty M. K. , Vedamurthy Maya
Published: December 2021

Sensitive skin is a very commonly seen entity in current dermatological practice that has a significant impact on quality of life. The pathophysiology, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of sensitive skin have evolved over the years, with new studies trying to bring about new robust evidence about the same. The current consensus aims at providing a comprehensive overview on evidence and experience-based approaches for sensitive skin. A total of 35 experts in the field of clinical dermatology participated in expert group meetings organized via teleconference webinar. Current evidence elaborating various aspects like classification, diagnosis, and management of sensitive skin along with clinical experience of experts were discussed in detail. The prerequisites for selecting suitable products, importance of cosmeceuticals as adjunctive therapy and the need for avoiding triggering factors in individuals with sensitive skin as well as associated dermatological disorders were also described. In addition to medical history, physical examination and routine investigations, a draft checklist and its clinical relevance in accurately diagnosing sensitive skin were emphasized upon by the experts. The overall management encompasses avoidance of individual trigger factors, thorough topical therapy using mild, non-irritating ingredients along with adjunctive therapies like moisturizers, sunscreens, and cleansers. The “two-week” strategy was described to be a useful approach for treating sensitive skin. This review article provides a consensus clinical viewpoint of expert dermatologists for effective evaluation, differential diagnosis and appropriate pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological management of sensitive skin in Indian subjects.
Letramento e avaliação em tempos de covid-19: uma análise com estudantes da EJA
Authors: Silva Marcio Serafim da , Souza Maria Celeste Reis Fernandes de , Mendes Netto Cristiane
Published: December 2021

O estudo toma como objeto de análise o acesso ao ensino remoto de uma turma de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) de ensino médio, instalado em função da covid-19, e correlaciona práticas de letramento e avaliação. O material empírico foi produzido por meio de observação do grupo de WhatsApp da turma, meio de comunicação nas atividades pedagógicas não presenciais. Tomam-se como referência estudos sobre letramento, avaliação e tecnologia, para a análise das práticas de letramento e de como nelas se engendra a avaliação escolar. Os resultados mostram que nas práticas de letramento se encontram tensionadas as razões de vida de estudantes da EJA e as lógicas escolares, sobressaindo nessas lógicas os aspectos regulatórios e predominando uma avaliação técnica e somativa, em detrimento dos aspectos formativos.
A study to compare the effectiveness of maitland mobilization protocol on pain and functional mobility of patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Bhavsar Prashu Jain
Published: December 2021

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative condition among the elderly. It is characterized With the damage to the articular cartilage and persists with the symptoms of pain and stiffness in the joint.

This study was conducted with 30 patients with Osteoarthritis of knee joint. The subjects were divided into three groups:

Group A comprised of 15 subjects. Patients in this group received conventional physiotherapy comprising of Strengthening exercises, Stretching exercises, Range of motion exercises and cryotherapy.

Group B (Experimental Group 1) comprised of 15 subjects. Patients in this group received Maitland’s Mobilization and Conventional physiotherapy exercises.

All the subjects were assessed pre and post intervention program for VAS scale and WOMAC scale test. After analyzing the data following conclusions were drawn;

Results showed that there was significant improvement in the VAS score and WOMAC score of all the two groups for the pre and the post test measurement. The inter group comparison of all the two groups showed that there was highly significant difference between the Maitland’s group and the control group (p<0.001).
Co-relation between high resolution computerised tomography (HRCT) score and effectiveness of remdesivir treatment in covid-19 positive pregnant patients
Authors: Baldawa Pratibha , Baldawa Sachin , Junaidi Hafeez
Published: December 2021

To evaluate the effectiveness of Remdesivir in COVID-19 POSITIVE PREGNANT patients & its co-relation with their HRCT score (with abdominal lead shield) at the time of admission at our institute.

It was a retrospective observational study including 93 COVID -19 POSITIVE pregnant patients at varied weeks of gestation admitted and treated at our institute from March 2020 till June 2021. Out of these 15 patients required INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) admission due to their disease severity and received Remdesivir after physician consultation. Remaining 78 patients had HRCT SCORE of 7 or less (MILD CATEGORY) and did not require ICU admission and hence were excluded from receiving remdesivir.They were divided into 2 groups – Group A and Group B. Group A (MODERATE CATEGORY) including covid -19 positive pregnant patients with HRCT score of 8 to <17/25 had 8 patients and Group B (SEVERE CATEGORY) including covid -19 positive pregnant patients with high HRCT Score of >17/25 had 7 patients. The primary outcome was to evaluate difference in both groups for clinical improvement after 5 days of initiation of Remdisivir therapy in terms of (a) Oxygen requirement (b) Spo2 levels (c) length of hospital stay (d) Death rate (e) HRCT score on day 10 after initiation of remdesivir therapy. Secondary outcome was to evaluate side effects of the drug on the mother and its effect on the baby while in-utero and after delivery.

Covid-19 positive pregnant patients with HRCT Score of 8 to <17/25(Group A) showed good prognosis & recovery with rapid decline in Oxygen requirements & improving Spo2 levels after initiation of Remdesivir. They had significantly lower duration of hospital stay (Mean stay of 10.4 + 2.1 days, p < 0.05) and significantly lower death rates (0%, p < 0.05) compared to Group B. Whereas covid -19 positive pregnant patients with high HRCT Score of >17/25 (Group B) did not respond even to prolonged Remdesivir therapy (10 days) and had significantly longer hospital stay (26 + 5.6 days, p <0.05) with significantly higher death rate (42.86% , p<0.05). Patients tolerated Remdesivir well without any side effects. Patients delivered healthy babies with no signs of respiratory illness or any untoward side effects on the baby due to use of Remdesivir.

Early referral of COVID -19 positive pregnant patient to hospital when lung lesions are still mild to moderate can be effectively treated with Remdesivir. But severe Covid -19 infection in pregnancy with rampant and excessive ground glass opacities on HRCT at the time of admission is difficult to treat and may not respond to Remdesivir therapy.
From Metaphor in Humanitarian Paradigm to Computer Metaphor in Cognitive Science
Authors: Vislova Aminat
Published: December 2021

The article presents an analysis of metaphor in the humanities and computer metaphor in cognitive psychology and cognitive science in general. Issues related to the emergence and role of computer metaphor in the development of cognitive psychology are discussed. The emphasis is placed on the symbolic approach, which was of paramount importance at the initial stage of the development of cognitive psychology. Particular attention is paid to the computer metaphor in solving urgent problems of modeling the brain and cognitive abilities in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). It is concluded that the appeal to metaphors located at the intersection of the humanities and cognitive sciences and denoting various issues of AI modeling are due to the historical contexts of the development of modern science focused on the integration of knowledge of various orientations.
Prince Aleksandr Nevsky: Yaroalavl projection of the historical memory
Authors: Marasanova Victoria M.
Published: December 2021

2021 - 800th anniversary of prince Aleksandr Nevsky. This date is especially important for the people of the Yaroslavl region, the prince was born in Pereslavl Zalessky. The research of his biography allows to understand the historical conditions of the development of the Yaroslavl principality and adjacent territories after Mongol conquest. The teaching of the national and local history and all disciplines at university is based on the historical and historiographic facts of his life. The Yaroslavl projection of the prince’s veneration can be traced back to 17 churches and chapels.
Economic solidarity as a constitutional principle of the Russian economic system
Authors: Yakimova Ekaterina M.
Published: December 2021

The constitutional regulation of the economic system of modern Russia has undergone changes in connection with the amendments to the Constitution of Russia in 2020 aimed at establishing the ideological and value component of interaction within the system business - society - state. One of the new constitutional principles was the movement towards economic solidarity. However, the content of this category to date does not have a complete understanding and unambiguous interpretation, while the category has received a wide understanding within the framework of sociology, philosophy, economics. It has been established that economic solidarity is a category of legal, has features of constitutional value and constitutional principle.
Educational emigration of Iranian and Tajik students to Russia: a comparative analysis
Authors: Rostovskaya Tamara K. , Afzali Mehdi
Published: December 2021

Academic mobility of students is a complex phenomenon that plays an important role in the process of socio-economic and cultural development of receiving and sending countries. With the beginning of the globalization process, the movement of scientists, professors, students, etc. has become easier, faster, and more convenient, which has prompted universities and research institutions to attract students from abroad. Russia, like many other countries, has created the project «Development of the export potential of the Russian education system». However, there are different internal and external factors affecting the export process of Russian educational services. The purpose of this study is to compare the motives of foreign students from Iran and Tajikistan who chose Russia as a destination country to continue their education. This study uses a qualitative approach using open, semi-structured interviews with international students from Iran and Tajikistan. In total, 33 students from four cities and 6 different universities in Russia were interviewed with 21 men and 12 women aged 20 to 31 years old. The results of this study show that Iranian and Tajik students have much in common in terms of language, culture, values, and traditions but differ in their motives and decision-making process.
Stable expressions with the color adjective orange in the Russian language of the 20th century
Authors: Laguzova Evgeniya N. , Martynova Elena N.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a structural and semantic analysis of stable expressions of the 20th century with the adjective orange, many of which are based on metaphorical and associative-symbolic use of their constituent components. Among the ways of the author's transformation of such lexical units, the authors note the addition and replacement of significant parts of speech with other forms of the same word or synonyms, as well as a change in the location of the components of the expression in relation to each other, which not only does not destroy the idiom, but, on the contrary, intensifies its meaning. The evolution of the original meaning of expressions with the color adjective orange is shown, which is due to the change (expansion) of the circle of nouns combined with the adjective, the implication of evaluation, the formation of new synonymous links with metaphor. Particular attention is paid to stable expressions with political significance, the largest number of which began to appear since 2013 in connection with political events taking place in Ukraine, where orange was chosen for the symbols of the Ukrainian opposition. The development of negative connotations in the expression orange revolution is explained by the corresponding semantic potential of the adjective orange itself, for which semes with negative connotations are productive in speech. The expansion of the compatibility of the adjective orange in modern Russian has led to the emergence of new meanings for the adjectival. Using examples extracted from the newspaper subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language, representing a collection of texts of printed newspapers and electronic agencies of the 2000s, it is shown that the use of stable expressions with the color adjective orange reflects the tendency characteristic of the development of the modern Russian language to expressivize the written text in connection with the formation of an evaluative statement capable of conveying the attitude of a journalist to social, cultural, political events. At the same time, the expressed social axiological assessment performs various functions in the text: from attracting attention and overcoming the standard to manipulating the consciousness of the mass reader.