bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supporting Patients With Incurable Cancer: Backup Behavior in Multidisciplinary Cross-Functional Teams
Authors: Huang Fleur , Driga Amy , LeGuerrier Bronwen E. , Schmitz Renée , Hall-Lavoie Debra M. , Kostaras Xanthoula , Chu Karen P. , Pituskin Edith , Watanabe Sharon M. , Fairchild Alysa
Published: September 2016

Caring for patients with incurable cancer presents unique challenges. Managing symptoms that evolve with changing clinical status and, at the same time, ensuring alignment with patient goals demands specific attention from clinicians. With care needs that often transcend traditional service provision boundaries, patients who seek palliation commonly interface with a team of providers that represents multiple disciplines across multiple settings. In this case study, we explore some of the dynamics of a cross-disciplinary approach to symptom management in an integrated outpatient radiotherapy service model. Providers who care for patients with incurable cancer must rely on one another to secure delivery of the right services at the right time by the right person. In a model of shared responsibilities, flexibility in who does what and when can enhance overall team performance. Adapting requires within-team and between-team monitoring of task and function execution for any given patient. This can be facilitated by a common understanding of the purpose of the clinical team and an awareness of the particular circumstances surrounding care provision. Backup behavior, in which one team member steps in to help another meet an expectation that would otherwise not be fulfilled, is a supportive team practice that may follow naturally in high-functioning teams. Such team processes as these have a place in the care of patients with incurable cancer and help to ensure that individual provider efforts more effectively translate into improved palliation for patients with unmet needs.
Paradox of Prescribing Late Chemotherapy: Oncologists Explain
Authors: Bluhm Minnie , Connell Cathleen M. , De Vries Raymond G. , Janz Nancy K. , Bickel Kathleen E. , Silveira Maria J.
Published: September 2016

Purpose:

The value of chemotherapy for patients with cancer in the last weeks of life warrants examination. Late chemotherapy may not improve survival or quality of life but typically precludes hospice enrollment and may result in additional symptoms, increased use of other aggressive treatments, and worsening quality of life. Few studies have explored oncologists’ rationales for administering chemotherapy near death. This study examines the self-reported factors that influence oncologists’ decisions about late chemotherapy.

Methods:

In-depth individual interviews were conducted with 17 oncologists through a semistructured interview guide. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using conventional content analysis, a qualitative method that allows the detection and analysis of patterns in the data.

Results:

Clinical factors take priority in determining late chemotherapy decisions when clear treatment choices exist. When clinical factors are ambiguous, emotion becomes a highly salient influence. Oncologists view late chemotherapy to be patient driven and use it to palliate emotional distress and maintain patient hope even when physical benefit is unexpected. Oncologists experience unique and difficult challenges when caring for dying patients, including emotionally draining communication, overwhelming responsibility for life/death, limitations of oncology to heal, and prognostic uncertainty. These challenges are also eased by offering late chemotherapy.

Conclusion:

The findings reveal a nuanced understanding of why oncologists find it difficult to refuse chemotherapy treatment for patients near death. Optimal end-of-life treatment decisions require supportive interventions and system change, both of which must take into account the challenges oncologists face.
Effects of 17β-Estradiol and Androgen on Glucose Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Inada Akari , Fujii Nobuharu L. , Inada Oogi , Higaki Yasuki , Furuichi Yasuro , Nabeshima Yo-ichi
Published: September 2016

Diabetes develops predominantly in males in experimental models, and extensive evidence suggests that 17β-estradiol (E2) modulates progression of diabetes in humans. We previously developed a severely diabetic transgenic (Tg) mouse model by β-cell-specific overexpression of inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) and found that male ICER-Tg mice exhibit sustained severe hyperglycemia, but female ICER-Tg mice gradually became normoglycemic with aging. This implies that differences in circulating androgen and E2 levels might influence skeletal muscle glucose uptake and glycemic status. Here we examined whether a decrease of androgen or E2 excess can improve muscle glucose uptake in hyperglycemic male ICER-Tg mice and, conversely, whether a decrease of E2 or androgen excess can elevate blood glucose levels and impair muscle glucose uptake in normoglycemic female ICER-Tg mice. We treated hyperglycemic male ICER-Tg mice with orchiectomy (ORX) or ORX+E2 pellet implantation and normoglycemic female ICER-Tg mice with ovariectomy (OVX) or OVX+5α-DHT pellet implantation to alter the androgen to E2 ratio. ORX+E2 treatment of male ICER-Tg mice caused a rapid drop in blood glucose via both a dramatic increase of β-cells and significantly improved muscle glucose uptake due to the induction of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression and translocation of GLUT4 to the cell membrane. In contrast, OVX+5α-DHT-treated female ICER-Tg mice showed an elevation of blood glucose without any decrease of β-cells; instead, they showed decreased muscle glucose uptake due to decreased activation of serine/threonine-specific protein kinase AKT and GLUT4 expression. These findings suggest that androgen (5α-DHT) promotes insulin resistance in females, whereas E2 improves insulin sensitivity in severely diabetic male mice.
Mutually exclusive RNA secondary structures regulate translation initiation of DinQ in Escherichia coli
Authors: Kristiansen Knut I. , Weel-Sneve Ragnhild , Booth James A. , Bjørås Magnar
Published: September 2016

Protein translation can be affected by changes in the secondary structure of mRNA. The dinQ gene in Escherichia coli encodes a primary transcript (+1) that is inert to translation. Ribonucleolytic removal of the 44 first nucleotides converts the +1 transcript into a translationally active form, but the mechanism behind this structural change is unknown. Here we present experimental evidence for a mechanism where alternative RNA secondary structures in the two dinQ mRNA variants affect translation initiation by mediating opening or closing of the ribosome binding sequence. This structural switch is determined by alternative interactions of four sequence elements within the dinQ mRNA and also by the agrB antisense RNA. Additionally, the structural conformation of +1 dinQ suggests a locking mechanism comprised of an RNA stem that both stabilizes and prevents translation initiation from the full-length dinQ transcript. BLAST search and multiple sequence alignments define a new family of dinQ-like genes widespread in Enterobacteriaceae with close RNA sequence similarities in their 5′ untranslated regions. Thus, it appears that a whole new family of genes is regulated by the same mechanism of alternative secondary RNA structures.
Practice-oriented training of students to improve their competitiveness on the hospitality industry labour market
Authors: Гончарова Ирина , Goncharova Irina , Белова Светлана , Belova Svetlana , Байбурова Ольга , Bayburova Olga
Published: September 2016

The article analyzes theoretical (organizational) and practical aspects of educational technology to enhance the quality of graduates’ education and their competitiveness on the labour market. The analysis of the status of hospitality industry and its domestic and international trends under current economic conditions has predestined the need to improve the role of educational institutions as human resources training, and the enterprises of industry - to create the conditions for the adaptation and development of the competitive capacity of specialists. The authors emphasize the advisability of introducing a public professional examination of education programs, and starting July 01, 2016 - procedures of confirmation the education quality of each university graduate. The article also defines the role of the professional community representatives in the educational programs formation, their accreditation, which indicates the need for education and business system. The possible directions of policy of educational and entrepreneurial system of hospitality industry are formulated, criteria for graduates’ competitiveness estimation by a number of components of general educational, practical and social activities are offered. The authors present teaching experience of interdisciplinary design programs using Business English in teaching university students as a development element of business resource of graduates. The indicators for student activities estimation and integrated factor of graduate’s competitiveness are offered. This allows protecting a document of high education in front of professional community.
The impact of transport connection on the tourism industry competitiveness of kaliningrad region
Authors: Семенова Людмила , Semenova Lyudmila
Published: September 2016

Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in many countries, able to bring a steady and recurring income in the economy of the state. In order to effectively use the existing tourism resources (natural, climatic, geographic, historical, cultural, etc.), we must clearly know the answers on the many questions, among which the following are most important. What is attractive area for visitors? What are the strengths and weaknesses of tourist product affecting the attraction of the mass tourism flow? How to neutralize existing risk to tourist destinations development? The issues of tourism industry competitiveness of Kaliningrad region and features of regional tourism market development are the aim of the study. One of the fundamental aspects of the formation of a favorable image of a tourism territory is the issue of transport accessibility and competent tourism logistics. The article presents and analyzes the main elements of the ranking of countries competitiveness in travel and tourism (Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index -TTCI), drawn up jointly by the World Tourism Forum in Davos, the International air transport association (IATA), the World Council of Travel and Tourism (WTTC) and the World tourism organization of the United Nations (UNWTO). The author determines the place and importance of the key indicators of the competitiveness relatively increasing numbers of tourists. In addition, the current status of the tourism industry and the transport infrastructure of Kaliningrad region are described, the elements that impact on formation of the regional competitive tourism complex in Kaliningrad region are considered. Scientific and practical significance of the study is in the analysis of the main elements of the transport accessibility of Kaliningrad region, which can be used in the design and adjustment of the tourism development strategy of Kaliningrad region.
The market of tourist and hotel services under modern conditions of economic development of russia
Authors: Агамирова Екатерина , Agamirova Ekaterina , Агамирова Елизавета , Agamirova Elizaveta
Published: September 2016

The article deals with the specific characteristics of operating of the market mechanism in the field of tourism and hospitality services, which must be taken into account in the organization of tourism and hotel business. In addition to specific features, to a greater or lesser extent inherent to any market, on which the services are main object of relations, the authors highlight several important distinguishing features, typical mainly for the tourism market. The article notes that elements of macro-environment that are usually attributed to the factors of indirect influence on the company, have, along with elements of micro-environment, direct influence on all the processes taking place on the tourist market. The authors also highlight the main factors that currently have prevailing influence on the function and structure of the tourism market. Among them are a global political situation, public policy and economic processes in the country and world. This article provides a list of current events in the world and Russia, illustrating the interconnection of policies and tourism market structure, shows the mechanism of action of the economic crisis on the dynamics and structure demand and offering on the tourist market, and among others considers the relationship between the development of inbound, outbound and domestic markets during crisis.

The article also point out that tourist market by its very nature - is a world market and it is important to consider the interdependence of its main elements on a world-wide scale. This in turn affects the algorithm for solving the problems of effective tourism product planning and development of organized tourism on the basis of partner interaction of all market participants. This article analyzes the development trends of domestic tourism market, as well as identifies the main opportunities for the improvement of the Russian tourist market: the growing online sales, the development of event tourism, low-cost airlines, the development of regional tourism, the formation of a new system of classification of hotels and others.
Tourism product differentiation within the domestic tourism
Authors: Коновалова Елена , Konovalova Elena
Published: September 2016

The article examines the problems associated with the stagnation in the field of tourism in Russia. The author notes that our country has great potential, which is not almost realized. It is necessary to refocus on the development of new tourist destinations, create a worthy hotel infrastructure, find new ways to attract tourists.

At the present stage there is wealth of experience in the implementation of tourism programs taking into account the interests and wishes of potential customers. Different types of excursion products will allow guiding by the interests of a specific tourist and will make it possible to attract any audience. The author invites to consider an effective international experience in this area and to adapt it to Russian conditions. The potential of Russian regions provides an opportunity to implement the ideas of different excursions.

North Caucasus is unique, one-of-a-kind, object that has unlimited opportunities for tourism development. The mountain landscape is promising for the development of extreme tourism products, and the use of balneal resources of the region will attract amateurs of health tourism. Particular attention should be paid to the preparation of informative, historical and archeological tours. National specifics of the North Caucasian republics allow to create ethnographic excursions. The North Caucasus and the whole Southern Federal District have a huge potential for tourism development, which allows to count on attracting domestic and, in the future, foreign tourists.

The author suggests that the tourism development should be based on the expansion of the tourism range, and notes that the different types of tourism can be successfully realized in Russia. The article analyzes the experience of foreign countries and provides statistics confirming the hypothesis.
Business model of rural tourism in the formation of tourism cluster
Authors: Трухачев Александр , Trukhachev Aleksandr
Published: September 2016

The cluster approach is currently being implemented not only in relation to large-scale investment tourism projects of federal significance, but also is currently being applieв at the regional and local levels. Demand for cluster approach in tourism has increased significantly with the introduction of the Federal Target Program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Russian Federation 2011-2018". Scientific research allowed to determine the nature and to assess the prospects for such kinds of local tourism clusters as border (cross-border), creative industries, etc. Rural tourism refers to activities that tend to cluster formation. The geographical concentration of tourism actors around the subject of rural tourism promotes cross-sectoral integration processes. Development of rural tourism, particularly dynamic in recent decades, is accompanied by the diversification of the organizational forms of economic activity. The development of tourist service technologies, the emergence of innovation in equipment, changes in consumer preferences and motivation - all this contributes to the looking for ways to optimize existing and development of new business models of rural tourism. The article shows that three business models have been traditionally used in rural tourism: concentrated, integrated and distributed business models. Their formation was determined primarily by trends in socio-economic development of rural areas and employment in them. But today, possibility of rural recreation cannot be fully realized in their framework. Moreover, a growing rural tourism clustering causes formation of other business models. The author offers two new business model of rural tourism, taking into account current trends of demand and the development of innovative technologies of tourism services (network and resource models) that are important in the formation of a cluster of rural tourism.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: September 2016

Mark Greener Presents key studies published in healthcare journals
Paramedic transition into an academic role in universities: a scoping review
Authors: Munro Graham , O'Meara Peter , Kenny Amanda
Published: September 2016

Objectives:

In Australia and New Zealand, there is increasing demand for academically qualified paramedic practitioners to assume academic roles in university paramedic programs. However, little is known about the transition from paramedic practice to an academic role within a university. This scoping review was initiated to find any relevant literature that could answer the question, ‘What is known about the transition of industry-based paramedic professionals to academic roles in universities?’

Design:

This scoping review used a five-stage framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley, which identified the research question, relevant studies, study selection, charting the data and collating, and summarising and reporting results.

Data sources:

Key search terms were selected to achieve the broadest acquisition of potential articles and other sources of information. The terms were used to search Medline, Cochrane, CINAHL, Wiley Online, Informit, and Google Scholar databases. The SPIDER tool was used to assist with the determination of the key search terms used in this review.

Review methods:

An extensive search of titles was conducted, original articles were sourced and then inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select articles that were appropriate to the research question.

Results:

In exploring the question: ‘What is known about the transition of industry-based paramedic professionals to academic roles in universities?” no articles were deemed relevant’.

Conclusions:

The dearth of literature on the transition of industry-based paramedics to academic roles within universities is a major gap but perhaps, not surprising, given that paramedicine is still moving toward professionalisation. However, as the paramedic profession matures, the demand for degree level education will increase, with an associated increase in demand for paramedic academics. Developing knowledge of transition experiences will be central to the successful recruitment of new paramedic academics.
Implementing the Care Certificate: supporting new staff
Authors: Ashurst Adrian
Published: September 2016

The Care Certificate is a huge part of starting a career in the care sector, and should form the basis for any new staff member's induction process. Consultant Editor Adrian Ashurst explains how staff undertaking the Care Certificate can be supported
PROPOSIÇÃO DE MELHORIAS PARA A CONTRATAÇÃO DOS SERVIÇOS DE UM ESCRITÓRIO DE ADVOCACIA
Authors: Back Vinicius Thomas , Rojo Claudio Antonio
Published: September 2016

Este estudo propõe melhorias para a empresa Beta (nome fictício), um escritório de advocacia localizado em Cascavel-PR, analisando seus processos e o ambiente no qual está inserida. Utilizou-se a análise SWOT para identificar as forças, fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças para empresa, e sua missão, sua visão, seus valores e um modelo de gestão de processos foram elaborados utilizando a ferramenta Bizagi Modeler, para que a empresa obtenha melhor entendimento e padronização de suas atividades. Aplicou-se um questionário a 112 possíveis clientes e as características dos respondentes e seus critérios de escolha para a contratação de serviços de um escritório de advocacia foram identificados. Constatou-se que as indicações de amigos e familiares ainda são os meios mais buscados para contratar tais serviços, evidenciando a importância da imagem da empresa com os clientes, e a criação de um website mostrou-se uma oportunidade de aumentar a clientela.
ANÁLISE DOS NÍVEIS DE ESTRESSE EM FORMANDOS DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO E CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA
Authors: De Campos Elaine Aparecida Regiani , Kuhl Marcos Roberto , De Andrade Sandra Mara , Stefano Silvio Roberto
Published: September 2016

Este estudo avalia os níveis de estresse em alunos no último ano de graduação nos cursos de Administração e de Ciências Contábeis de uma universidade pública no estado do Paraná. A amostra compreendeu 107 alunos dos 2 cursos, sendo 56 homens e 51 mulheres. Foi utilizado o Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos (ISSL), de Lipp (2000 b). O teste qui-quadrado (p > 0,05) indicou que a amostra é representativa por gênero. Foram extraídos as médias e o desvio padrão e também foram utilizados o teste t e a análise de variância (ANOVA) para verificação de diferenças entre os grupos. Os resultados apontam que 40,4% das mulheres estão na fase sem estresse, 34,6% estão na fase resistência e 25,0% estão na fase de exaustão. Já entre os homens esses percentuais foram diferentes, 29,1% estão na fase sem estresse, 54,5% estão na fase de resistência e 16,4% estão na fase de exaustão. Em geral, 70,9% dos homens encontram-se nas fases de resistência e exaustão, ao passo que 59,6% das mulheres se encontram nas fases de resistência e exaustão. O estudo concluiu que os homens apresentaram maiores níveis de estresse e sugere a aplicação de técnicas de mindfulness junto com as práticas pedagógicas que a universidade adota.
Challenging journeys: Contemporary Korean artists and some possible implications for education through art
Authors: Paek Kyong-Mi
Published: September 2016

The growing social need for a creative workforce in Korea has prompted teachers to look to the arts for innovative classroom practices. While a growing body of integrated curriculum studies acknowledges art and artists as valuable sources for alternative ways of knowing, a lack of comprehensive information on what shapes the practices of today’s artists limits ongoing discussion. This article aims to extend teachers’ current thinking on the potential role of art in educational innovation by exploring the growth of creative individuals in the art world, examining the diverse paths to artistic growth of three promising contemporary Korean artists. Withincase analysis provides insights into how these artists have navigated their individual paths while interacting with their surroundings, and contextual analysis of their major transitions highlights the value of risk-taking in promoting creative educational practice through art.
A História da América Portugueza (1730) de Sebastião da Rocha Pita: o contexto, o autor, a obra
Authors: Jesus Roger Lee de
Published: September 2016

Criada em 1720 sob acção régia, a Academia Real da História Portuguesa procurou construir um novo modelo historiográfico. Sebastião da Rocha Pita, académico supranumerário desta instituição no Brasil, publica em 1730 a História da América Portugueza. Seguindo o ambiente académico da época e o percurso do autor, procuramos enquadrar esta História do Brasil (a primeira a ser publicada) observando, do ponto de vista historiográfico, algumas questões mais relevantes, como seja o descobrimento desse novo mundo, a União Dinástica e a Restauração, o carácter sagrado e a intervenção divina nesse território ultramarino.
Fugindo dos "Grilhões do Cativeiro": Os Expostos Pretos e Pardos na Casa da Roda da Misericórdia de Lisboa (1780-1807)
Authors: Braga Isabel M. R. Mendes Drumond
Published: September 2016

A partir dos livros de expostos dos negros registados na Misericórdia de Lisboa no período compreendido entre o início da escrita destas fontes e a saída da Corte para o Brasil, procuramos analisar as questões afectas ao abandono destas crianças a par das políticas desenvolvidas com vista a protegê-las desencadeadas pelas preocupações de José António de Castilho Furtado de Mendonça.
Examination of the effects of STEM education integrated as a part of science, technology, society and environment courses
Authors: Yıldırım Bekir , Sevi Mahmut
Published: September 2016

This study was carried out to determine the view of prospective teachers with regard to STEM education given in Science, Technology, Society and Environment course and the effects of STEM education on prospective teachers’ attitudes towards renewable energy sources and awareness of environment problems. The study was carried out in 2014-2015 academic year with 76 prospective science teachers. In the study, mixed method research design, which employs qualitative and quantitative research methods together, has been used. As a data collection tool “Sensitivity to Environment Problems Scale”, “Attitude Scale for Renewable Energy Resources” and “Semi-structured Interview Form” developed by the researcher were used. Data obtained as a result of content analysis were coded. As a result of analysis of the study, it was determined that prospective teachers’ attitudes towards renewable energy resources were positively affected but there was no change in their level of awareness of environmental problems.
The Counter-Regulation of Atherogenesis: a Role for Interleukin-33
Authors: Kuneš Pavel , Holubcová Zdeňka , Koláčková Martina , Krejsek Jan
Published: September 2016

The recently recognized cytokine interleukin-33 and its receptor ST2 play a favorable role during atherogenesis by inducing a Th1→Th2 shift of the immune response. IL-33 also protects the failing human heart from harmful biomechanical forces which lead to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and exaggerated interstitial fibrosis. IL-33 inevitably displays side effects common to other Th2 cytokines, the most grave of which is a predisposition to allergic reactions. IL-33 is a nuclear transcription factor of endothelial cells. As such, it is abundant in nonproliferating vessels. Its down-regulation is required for angiogenesis, which may be profitable in wound healing or deleterious in tumor growth.
The Energetic and Metabolic Effect of Ringerfundin (B. Braun) Infusion and Comparison with Plasma-Lyte (Baxter) in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Zadák Zdeněk , Hyšpler Radomír , Hronek Miloslav , Tichá Alena
Published: September 2016

Measurement of parameters of energy requirement, respiratory quotient (RQ), rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) and rate of carbon dioxide production (VCO2) reveal Ringerfundin as an excellent and metabolically stable-acting balanced ionic solution, which does not increase the consumption of O2or the total energy requirement. In conclusion, Ringerfundin was very well tolerated and in no case were observed undesirable effects.
Considerations for the Dissemination of Incredible Years in Welfare Systems: Implications of the Case of "Cathy" for Intervention in the Foster Care System
Authors: Gartenberg Arielle S. , Lang Robin
Published: September 2016

The Incredible Years (IY) Parent and Child Series are evidence-based interventions that increase knowledge and mastery of parenting, mood regulation, and interpersonal problem solving strategies for caregivers while developing similar social and emotional skills in their children. Rogers, Bobich, and Heppell (2016) use a case study approach to examine the effectiveness of adaptations of the IY program for delivery in a transitional housing shelter. They describe strategies for modifying IY to meet the needs of a vulnerable population within the context of the shelter and the broader welfare system. In this commentary, the difficulties commonly experienced by youth like "Cathy" as a function of homelessness and trauma are discussed. Aspects of IY and its adaptation are examined as they highlight (1) essential elements of psychological interventions with clients exposed to trauma, and (2) barriers and facilitators in the delivery of evidence-based treatments within complex natural settings and systems of care. These considerations are salient for practitioners treating youth and families involved in the child welfare system and foster care. The most vital adaptations presented in the Case of Cathy and the IY literature are reviewed to address anticipated pragmatic barriers and therapeutic issues in the implementation of IY for youth in these systems.
Inclusion of the personal biography in daily care – a qualitative study / Einbezug der Biographie in den Pflegealltag – eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Kipfer Stephanie , Imhof Lorenz , Koppitz Andrea
Published: September 2016

Introduction

In Switzerland, 39% of nursing home residents have a dementia related disease. Behavioral symptoms are increasingly observed as dementia progresses. These symptoms impair patients’ quality of life and are distressing to family caregivers and nurses. A person-centered approach, which includes the resident’s individual biography, reduces such symptoms. The most current literature describes how therapists include biographical information in designated therapies. However person-centered care takes place not only in specific activities. Nurses are responsible for their patients’ care 24 hours a day.

Aim

The goal of this study is to explore how nurses include biographical information in their daily care.

Method

Data were collected from qualitative interviews with registered nurses (n=10) in a nursing home and analysed according to the Charmaz Grounded Theory approach.

Results

The inclusion of the personal biography in daily care appears as a continuous, repetitive process with three main categories: “negotiating”, “connecting” and “being-in-good-hands”. Nurses in this study report that they can trigger positive reactions and reduce behavioral symptoms by means of meaningful interventions, when connected to the residents’ biography. Meaningful interventions can support residents in making contact to their current everyday life, acting independently and perceiving self-efficacy (= connecting). To initiate meaningful interventions, nurses need to connect biographical information to current experiences of the resident (= negotiating). This requires a thorough understanding of the residents’ situation. Nurses obtain an in-depth understanding through caring relationships, which are characterized by continuity of care and a mutual dialogue, where needs and experiences are shared, understood and evaluated (= being-in-good-hands).
The linguistic features of ELF by Chinese users in China–ASEAN communication contexts
Authors: Ji Ke
Published: September 2016

Based on the Chinese component of the Asian Corpus of English (ACE), this study focuses on the lexicogrammar features of ELF by Chinese speakers in China–ASEAN communication contexts. It is found that non-standard forms do exist systematically in high distance social talk by the Chinese ELF users of comparatively high English proficiency. Examples and analysis are provided to illustrate the common non-standard lexicogrammar features in terms of lexical innovation, non-standard use of prepositions, the omission of subjects, objects and copula, grammatical disagreement, subject pronoun copying and tag question. These non-standard forms appear to be adopted due to mother tongue transfer, facilitation of communication or exploitation of language resources. However, no misunderstandings occur due to the non-standard forms.
The role of vowel quality in ELF misunderstandings
Authors: Deterding David , Mohamad Nur Raihan
Published: September 2016

Misunderstandings are natural occurrences in conversation. Though they are the exception to the norm, and furthermore they do not necessarily result in communication breakdown, they do sometimes occur, and it is important to find out what causes them. Deterding (2013. Misunderstandings in English as a lingua franca: An analysis of ELF interactions in South-East Asia. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.) investigates misunderstandings in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in data from the Asian Corpus of English (ACE) and discusses the role of phonological, lexical and grammatical features in causing them to occur. He reports that over 86 % of the tokens of misunderstandings in his corpus involve pronunciation. The current paper analyses this data further, specifically to determine the role of vowels, as Jenkins (2000. The phonology of English as an international language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.) has suggested that vowel quality is not important in English as a Lingua Franca, so she excludes vowel quality from the Lingua Franca Core, the set of pronunciation features that she suggests are important for maintaining intelligibility in an international setting. In fact, a total of over half the tokens of misunderstanding listed in Deterding’s Misunderstandings in English as a Lingua Franca involve the quality of vowels, though in many cases this appears to be a minor factor. The current paper analyses these 98 tokens involving vowel quality in detail, to find out if some shifts in vowel quality are more important than others, and to investigate if vowel quality really is unimportant for intelligibility in English as a Lingua Franca. It was found that vowel quality rarely causes a problem, and only in one token, in which the speaker was making a joke, is vowel quality the main factor causing the misunderstanding.
A Coherent Optical OFDM Communication System with Nonlinear Distortion Compensation in the Channel and Receiver
Authors: Asha R. S. , Jayasree V. K.
Published: September 2016

A simple and low-cost scheme is proposed for reducing the distortions in the coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) system. The total wireless channel noise and the distortions in the receiver can be considered as an additive white Gaussian noise model and all distortions can be reduced using maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) equalizers. The performance of the CO-OFDM is analyzed for different fiber lengths and laser powers. Results show that the MLSE-equalized system can outperform with a higher
A Unified Approach for Calculating Error Rates of 10 Gbps WDM Network in Presence of Higher Order Dispersion
Authors: Kaur Karamjit , Singh Hardeep
Published: September 2016

The lack of regeneration in all optical networks makes the data susceptible to network malfunctions, misconfigurations and signal impairments. As most of the effects are additive in nature, the signal quality is degraded by the time it reaches at the destination end making optical monitors installation a need of the day to maintain the service-level agreements for the end users. The physical layer impairments that need to be monitored are broadly classified as linear and nonlinear impairments. As the nonlinear impairments depends on the network state, it is difficult to preestimate them, while linear impairments can be easily determined from the type of fiber, wavelength/waveband, amplifier and environmental conditions. Among the linear impairments, dispersion, amplified spontaneous emission noise and attenuation are more dominating. In the present work, an effort is given to study the impact of dispersion on system quality, quantified through bit error rate (BER) and
Being at Home in the Early Chalcolithic. The Longhouse Phenomenon in the Brześć Kujawski Culture in the Polish Lowlands
Authors: Czerniak Lech , Pyzel Joanna
Published: September 2016

The Brześć Kujawski culture emerged in the Polish Lowlands in the second half of the 5th millennium
BC. It shares many characteristic features with Chalcolithic cultures of the Carpathian Basin indicating that
BKK communities belonged to the wider ‘late Lengyel interaction sphere’. However, there are very striking
regional distinctions in the material culture of these communities, which appear to reflect a conscious
attempt to emphasize local identity, incorporating both innovation and conservatism. This article focuses on
one of the most distinctive features of this culture – trapezoidal longhouses, presented here in the context of
astonishingly various and hierarchical settlement system of the BKK. In this respect the iconic character of
houses expressed by the uniformity of their form and size, seems to be a deliberate decision that stressed local
identity in reference to the LBK heritage as well as other contemporary communities inhabiting the Polish
Lowlands in the 5th millennium BC.
Mechanical Demands of the Hang Power Clean and Jump Shrug: A Joint-Level Perspective
Authors: Kipp Kristof , Malloy Philip J. , Smith Jordan C. , Giordanelli Matthew D. , Kiely Michael T. , Geiser Christopher F. , Suchomel Timothy J.
Published: September 2016

Kipp, K, Malloy, PJ, Smith, J, Giordanelli, MD, Kiely, MT, Geiser, CF, and Suchomel, TJ. Mechanical demands of the hang power clean and jump shrug: a joint-level perspective. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 466–474, 2018—The purpose of this study was to investigate the joint- and load-dependent changes in the mechanical demands of the lower extremity joints during the hang power clean (HPC) and the jump shrug (JS). Fifteen male lacrosse players were recruited from a National Collegiate Athletic Association DI team, and completed 3 sets of the HPC and JS at 30, 50, and 70% of their HPC 1 repetition maximum (1RM HPC) in a counterbalanced and randomized order. Motion analysis and force plate technology were used to calculate the positive work, propulsive phase duration, and peak concentric power at the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Separate 3-way analysis of variances were used to determine the interaction and main effects of joint, load, and lift type on the 3 dependent variables. The results indicated that the mechanics during the HPC and JS exhibit joint-, load-, and lift-dependent behavior. When averaged across joints, the positive work during both lifts increased progressively with external load, but was greater during the JS at 30 and 50% of 1RM HPC than during the HPC. The JS was also characterized by greater hip and knee work when averaged across loads. The joint-averaged propulsive phase duration was lower at 30% than at 50 and 70% of 1RM HPC for both lifts. Furthermore, the load-averaged propulsive phase duration was greater for the hip than the knee and ankle joint. The joint-averaged peak concentric power was the greatest at 70% of 1RM for the HPC and at 30%–50% of 1RM for the JS. In addition, the joint-averaged peak concentric power of the JS was greater than that of the HPC. Furthermore, the load-averaged peak knee and ankle concentric joint powers were greater during the execution of the JS than the HPC. However, the load-averaged power of all joints differed only during the HPC, but was similar between the hip and knee joints for the JS. Collectively, these results indicate that compared with the HPC the JS is characterized by greater hip and knee positive joint work, and greater knee and ankle peak concentric joint power, especially if performed at 30 and 50% of 1RM HPC. This study provides important novel information about the mechanical demands of 2 commonly used exercises and should be considered in the design of resistance training programs that aim to improve the explosiveness of the lower extremity joints.
The Rope Climb: Scissor Method
Authors: Spence Adam , Kay Andy
Published: September 2016

THE SCISSOR METHOD OF ROPE CLIMBING IS A CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN WHOLE-BODY EXERCISE, AND IS OF PARTICULAR RELEVANCE TO MILITARY AND EMERGENCY SERVICE PERSONNEL. THIS ARTICLE WILL CONSIDER THE TECHNICAL DETAILS OF THE SCISSOR METHOD, WILL OUTLINE RELEVANT SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS, AND WILL PROVIDE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROGRESSIONS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS.
Nutritional Challenges and Strategies for the Bariatric Patient and How Fitness Professionals Can Provide Support
Authors: Bova Charla , Fox Elizabeth , Alencar Michelle , Kerksick Chad
Published: September 2016

INCREASES IN THE PREVALENCE OF OBESITY HAVE BEEN FOLLOWED BY AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CLIENTS WHO UNDERGO BARIATRIC SURGERY. MAINTAINING ADEQUATE NUTRITION, PREVENTING LOSSES OF LEAN BODY MASS, AND REDUCING RISKS OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES CAN BE CHALLENGING AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY. BARIATRIC SURGERY WITHOUT NUTRITION COUNSELING IS NOT ENOUGH TO ENCOURAGE LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR CHANGE THAT SUPPORTS HEALTHY WEIGHT LOSS, WEIGHT LOSS MAINTENANCE, OR PROMOTE DIETARY CHANGES AFTER WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES THE NUTRITIONAL CHALLENGES THAT OCCUR AS A RESULT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY AND SPECIFIC STRATEGIES NEEDED TO HELP GUIDE BOTH THE CLIENT AND HEALTH PROFESSIONAL.
Efficiency of Saving and Credit Cooperative Units in North Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Syamni Ghazali , Abd Majid M Shabri
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze the relative efficiency of saving and credit cooperative units in North Aceh, Indonesia. In this study, the selection of inputs and outputs to be analyzed by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was selected using the intermediation approach. The results showed that the overall saving and credit cooperative units in North Aceh, Indonesia have not operated fully efficient. This is indicated by the average of value of Malmquist Productivity Index which was still below one, but individually the study found that some cooperatives have operated efficiently, such as cooperative employee of PT Pupuk Iskandar Muda (Persero), KPN Kopebun, KPN Citra Guru, KPN Tunas and Kopbun Cut Mutia. These findings implied that more serious efforts should be made by the saving and credit cooperative units in North Aceh, Indonesia to improve the cooperative management efficiency levels by managing their capital and assets professionally. DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v5i2.3193
The Impact of Productivity Increasing in Indonesian Maritim Sector: General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Widyastutik Widyastutik
Published: September 2016

The increase in productivity in the maritime sector will realize the maritime sector as a prime mover. This study aims to analyze the impact of the maritime sector productivity improvement on the performance of the economy. This research simulates increased productivity in the maritime sector (consisting of the fisheries, oil, gas sub-sector and marine transport services sector) using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) version 8. Simulation analysis showed an increase in productivity in the maritime sector has a positive impact on welfare, real GDP, and trade balance of Indonesia. However, the impact of the increase in productivity is not followed by an increase in output in all sectors. This indicates that if the increase in productivity occurs only in the maritime sector alone without being followed by an increase in productivity in other sectors, the sectoral performance is not optimal.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v5i2.3403
Grievance and Shame in the Modern Age of Entitlement
Authors: Montanye James
Published: September 2016

Philosophers since Plato have questioned whether might makes right, and whether the weak are condemned perforce to suffer at the hands of strong, cunning, and ruthless elites and majorities. This essay argues that communicative and strategic uses of grievance, shame, “bullshit,” collective action, and economic rent seeking (“entitlement seeking”) mitigate conventional forms of social might, thereby helping the weak and the few (that is, modern social minorities) to prosper and flourish despite their inferior strength, numbers, and social status. The argument is supported empirically by macroeconomic and ngram (“word frequency”) data.
The effects of forest-savanna-grassland gradients on bird communities of Chiquitano Dry Forests domain, in western Brazil
Authors: GODOI MAURICIO N. , SOUZA EDIVALDO O. DE
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Different vegetation types are distributed in mountains according to altitude, topography and soil. The composition and structure of bird communities in these areas can change in relation to the vegetation gradient, with particular communities occupying each habitat type. In this study we present the changes in composition, species richness and bird abundance over the gradient of forests, savannas and altitudinal grasslands of Maciço do Urucum, a mountainous region located in the Chiquitano Dry Forests domain in western Brazil. We recorded 165 bird species through qualitative and quantitative methods. Forested savannas, riparian forests and submontane forests presented the highest richness and abundance of birds, while arboreal savannas and altitudinal grasslands had intermediate and low values, respectively. The bird composition was similar between riparian and submontane forests, while other vegetation types present more dissimilar bird communities. Our results show differences in composition, richness and bird abundance among the vegetation types present at Maciço do Urucum, and highlight an important function of vegetation gradients for the conservation of bird communities in mountains. Additionally, this is the first study of the bird communities in the Brazilian Chiquitano Dry Forests, an important domain in the west of Brazil which has been poorly studied.
Cesarean section by maternal request
Authors: CÂMARA RAPHAEL , BURLÁ MARCELO , FERRARI JOSÉ , LIMA LANA , AMIM JUNIOR JOFFRE , BRAGA ANTONIO , REZENDE FILHO JORGE
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Cesarean section by maternal request is the one performed on a pregnant woman without medical indication and without contraindication to vaginal delivery. There is great controversy over requested cesarean section. Potential risks include complications in subsequent pregnancies, such as uterine rupture, placenta previa and accreta. Potential benefits of requested cesareans include a lower risk of postpartum hemorrhage in the first cesarean and fewer surgical complications compared with vaginal delivery. Cesarean section by request should never be performed before 39 weeks.
Diagnosis of aggressive subtypes of eyelid basal cell carcinoma by 2-mm punch biopsy: prospective and comparative study
Authors: ROSSATO LUIZ ANGELO , Carneiro Rachel Camargo , Macedo Erick Marcet Santiago de , Lima Patrícia Picciarelli de , Miyazaki Ahlys Ayumi , Matayoshi Suzana
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective : to compare the accuracy of preoperative 2-mm punch biopsy at one site and at two sites in the diagnosis of aggressive subtypes of eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Methods : we randomly assigned patients to Group 1 (biopsy at one site) and Group 2 (biopsy at two sites). We compared the biopsy results to the gold standard (pathology of the surgical specimen). We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and Kappa coefficient to determine the level of agreement in both groups. Results : we analyzed 105 lesions (Group 1: n = 44; Group 2: n = 61). The agreement was 54.5% in Group 1 and 73.8% in Group 2 (p = 0.041). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the distribution of quantitative and qualitative variables (gender, age, disease duration, tumor larger diameter, area and commitment of margins). Biopsy at two sites was two times more likely to agree with the gold standard than the biopsy of a single site. Conclusions : the accuracy and the performance indicators were better for 2-mm punch biopsy in two sites than in one site for the diagnosis of aggressive subtypes of eyelid BCC.