bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient safety culture in the perception of health professionals: A mixed methods research study
Authors: Prates Cassiana Gil , Caregnato Rita Catalina Aquino , Magalhães Ana Maria Müller de , Pai Daiane Dal , Urbanetto Janete de Souza , Moura Gisela Maria Schebella Souto de
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the patient safety culture perceived by health professionals working in a hospital and to understand the elements influencing it. Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed methods study, conducted in 2017 in two interrelated stages in a hospital. The quantitative stage was carried out by applying the questionnaire to 618 professionals and the qualitative stage, with ten, using the focus group technique. The analysis was descriptive statistics for the quantitative data and of content for the qualitative data. Subsequently, the data were submitted to integrated analysis. Results: Of the 12 dimensions, seven were considered weak, the most critical being “non-punitive response to error” with 28.5% of positive answers. Bureaucratic, poorly designed and uncoordinated processes, regional decisions, communication failures, hierarchy, overload, punishment and judicialization were related to the perception. Conclusions: The patient safety culture was considered weak, and elements related to work organization, people management and legal risk influenced this negative perception.
Uma leitura crítica do processo didático-pedagógico encaminhado durante a pandemia da Covid-19 na rede pública estadual de ensino em Santa Catarina
Authors: Mossmann Suziane da Silva , Daga Aline Cassol , Goulart Anderson Jair
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo tem como foco o processo de implementação de atividades não presenciais na rede estadual de ensino de Santa Catarina, com uma análise das orientações didático-pedagógicas encaminhadas pela Secretaria de Educação do estado (SED) aos docentes durante a pandemia da Covid-19, no ano de 2020. Para o estudo dessa problemática, com base no método dialético, organizamos os objetos culturais em análise no que nomeamos de Eventos Integrados. O estudo, fundamentado em discussões sobre educação humana integral em uma perspectiva histórico-cultural, tomando como base os estudos vigotskianos e bakhtinianos, revela uma dinâmica pautada no esvaziamento dos sentidos da educação, em se tratando do papel do professor e das relações de ensino e de aprendizagem, conflituando com um projeto de educação e de sociedade crítico e democrático.
El lenguaje evaluativo como mecanismo argumentativo de las cuentas #studygram en tiempos de pandemia del covid-19
Authors: Wiśniewska Natalia
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN En este artículo, de carácter descriptivo y cualitativo, analizaremos brevemente el lenguaje evaluativo utilizado por los estudiantes en las cuentas de Instagram de tipo #studygram. La investigación se basa en la teoría de la argumentación en la lengua enriquecida por el punto de vista axiológico. Asimismo, el análisis se llevará a cabo en el contexto de la pandemia del covid-19 que ha marcado el discurso actual de varios ámbitos. El presente artículo sirve, por un lado, para presentar qué tipo del léxico evaluativo utilizan los estudiantes en una de las redes sociales más exitosas y, por el otro, para mostrar que el problema del covid-19 se puede investigar no solamente desde la perspectiva médica o de la enseñanza online, sino también tomando en consideración la actitud individual de los estudiantes.
Socio-environmental Impact of Research
Authors: Ventura Andréa Cardoso , Davel Eduardo Paes Barreto
Published: December 2021

Abstract Reflecting about the future of Earth and its inhabitants is essential to ensure a possible tomorrow. Therefore, socio-environmental impact shall become a universal and inevitable concern of researchers, educational institutions and scientific research regulatory agencies. Social and environmental impacts, in all senses, must be considered into any production of knowledge. Some questions help incorporate this conduct in academic research: How can research ensure effective socio-environmental impacts on society? What is the best way to conduct research so that it has positive social and environmental impacts from the beginning? How can research be fully dedicated to generating positive socio-environmental impacts in every step? We concluded that socio-environmental impacts must be considered just as much or even more important than those of socioeconomic and technological nature.
Discourses and Educational Initiatives for Developing Sustainability Competences of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development
Authors: Malacarne Robson , Brunstein Janette
Published: December 2021

Abstract The adoption of the logic of developing sustainable development (SD) competences in the business environment has grown both in the literature in the area and in business initiative programs. One player that emerges with the aim of assuming leadership in this process is the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). This article aims to answer the following research question: Are the WBCSD’s discourses and initiatives for developing sustainability competences spaces of various translations of corporate sustainability or a place for reaffirming logocentric and definitive discourses on the theme? For this, we analyzed the institutional documents (Vision 2050 and Action 2020) and carried out a series of on-site visits at the Brazilian and Portuguese BCSDs. In addition, we conducted a set of in-depth interviews with the managers and participants in the initiatives for developing sustainability competences (DSC). The data were analyzed according to the categories of Derrida’s deconstruction process. The analysis of the educational initiatives of the Brazilian and Portuguese BCSDs showed that they include the various discourses on corporate sustainability in their formative approach; however, logocentric and definitive thinking about the theme is reaffirmed in that the way the Vision 2050 guidelines are carried out is limited to the application of management tools.
Effects of different factors on friable callus induction and establishment of cell suspension culture of Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae)
Authors: Ribeiro Ivan Gonçalves , Castro Tatiana Carvalho de , Coelho Marsen Garcia Pinto , Albarello Norma
Published: December 2021

Abstract Medicinal plants are an important therapeutic option for a large share of the world’s population. To establish an in vitro culture system for the production of secondary metabolites from Hovenia dulcis, we studied the effect of auxins, cytokinins, absence of light, and silver nitrate on the development of friable callus. Callus cultures were established for the first time and used to obtain cell suspension cultures. Supplementation with KIN (Kinetin) produced calli with both compact and friable areas, while the addition of TDZ (Thidiazuron) only produced compact callus. The maintenance of cultures in the dark induced a slight enhancement on friability when the auxin PIC (Picloram) was present in the culture medium. The addition of silver nitrate promoted the formation of friable calli. Dry weight analysis showed no significant differences in biomass growth, and, therefore, 2.0 mg.L-1 was considered the most suitable treatment. The presence of silver nitrate was not required for the establishment of cell suspension cultures. Dry weight analysis of cell suspensions showed higher biomass production in the absence of silver nitrate. PIC promoted 100% of cell suspension culture formation in the absence of silver nitrate, and higher biomass production was observed with the lowest concentration (0.625 mg.L-1). No morphological differences were observed among the different concentrations of PIC. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, flavonols and catechins in the extracts obtained from H. dulcis calli. These results show that the cell cultures herein established are potential sources for the production of H. dulcis secondary metabolites of medicinal interest.
Flora of Anacardium (Anacardiaceae) in the state of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Pereira Andreza Stephanie de Souza , Barbosa Camilo Veríssimo de Oliveira , Silva Edilson Freitas da , Guimarães José Tasso Felix , Filgueira Joana Patrícia Pantoja Serrão , Teixeira Lisandra Assunção , Félix-da-Silva Maria Maricélia
Published: December 2021

Abstract This study presents a taxonomic treatment of Anacardium for the state of Pará (Brazil), based on the analysis of specimens from herbaria (CEN, ESA, IAN, INPA, MBM, MFS, MG, RB, UB, and UEC), material collected in the field, and images of specimens from virtual databases. Species identifications were confirmed by consultation of protologues and types or images of types. A morphoanatomical analysis of the leaves of Anacardium was conducted to support taxonomic characterizations. Descriptions, plates, a distribution map, and an identification key for the species of Anacardium occurring in Pará (A. amapaense, A. giganteum, A. humile, A. microsepalum, A. occidentale, and A. spruceanum) are provided.
Phenological patterns of Oreopanax fulvus (Araliaceae) in remnants of Araucaria Rainforest in Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Pinto Marcelo Bosco , Velazco Santiago José Elías , Barbosa Felipe Manzoni , Chagas Kyvia Pontes Teixeira das , Blum Christopher Thomas
Published: December 2021

Abstract Oreopanax fulvus is a species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, assessed as rare and vulnerable in the states of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, respectively. This adverse situation requires conservation actions that must be supported by the understanding of its autecology. We aimed to identify the phenological patterns of O. fulvus populations from two Araucaria Rainforest remnants in Paraná. Monthly phenology monitoring of 19 trees in each site was performed over 24 months. We quantified the vegetative (i.e., leaf flushing, mature leaves, and leaf-senescence) and reproductive phenophases (i.e., buds production, blooming, immature, and mature fruits). Circular statistics based on activity index were applied to identify the phenophases seasonality. Spearman correlations were performed among phenophases and meteorological parameters. Leaf flushing and mature leaves were recorded in all months, with a decrease of mature leaves during November and December. Leaf-senescence was seasonal, occurring from May to December. The reproductive phenophases were seasonal: blooming from January to May; and fruiting from March to November, with fruits starting to mature in September. Vegetative and reproductive phenophases were highly influenced by average temperature and photoperiod. Although there were dissimilarities in reproductive phenological patterns, the different populations studied had similar phenological performances.
Environmental factors driving plant trait distributions in coastal zones of Atlantic Forest
Authors: Lins Lays , Silva-Pinheiro Juliana Da , Correia Ricardo , Endres Laurício , Malhado Ana Cláudia Mendes , Moura Filho Gilson , Moura Flávia de Barros Prado , Justino Gilberto Costa
Published: December 2021

Abstract Environmental filtering has been defined as the effect of environmental gradients on species in a plant community and can be the dominant driver of community assembly. Here, we evaluate the relationship between plant communities and the environment in the Restinga vegetation. For this, we measured 11 functional traits of plant species present along transects covering a marked edaphic environmental gradient. This gradient was characterized through Principal Component Analysis of soil characteristics. The relationships between the edaphic gradient and functional traits were evaluated using linear models. Finally, we compared the contributions of species turnover and intraspecific variation to among-site variation in functional traits. The gradients associated with soil nutrients (PCA axis 1) and soil acidity and organic matter (PCA axis 2) were then used to test the observed changes in community composition and were significant predictors of the distribution of water potential, leaf dry matter content and K content, height and chlorophyll index. Decomposing the total variation in the distribution of functional traits between species turnover and intraspecific variation revealed that species turnover explains a greater proportion of the observed variation. We conclude that community assembly is strongly limited by environmental filters and mediated by functional traits at the species level.
Clause chaining and switch-reference in Aikanã and Kwaza
Authors: Voort Hein van der
Published: December 2021

Abstract In Aikanã and Kwaza, neighbouring endangered isolate languages of Rondônia, Brazil, sentences can include chains of medial clauses and end with a predicate in a matrix sentence mood, such as declarative, interrogative etc. In Kwaza, traditional narratives may even consist of a single long string of medial clauses, terminated by a fixed formula in the declarative mood. In both languages, subject (dis)continuity is expressed by a switch-reference system that indicates on the predicate of the current clause whether the subject of the next clause will be different or not. In this descriptive article I present similarities and differences between the systems of switch-reference in Aikanã and Kwaza. Among the differences, I discuss cases of formally marked switch-reference that appears to express topic discontinuity rather than subject discontinuity, in Kwaza. Also, I analyse the unusual anticipatory nature of the Kwaza system. As a special feature of this article I include two versions of a traditional mythological narrative, originally told in Aikanã and later retold in Kwaza, to illustrate clause chaining and switch-reference through a coherent and culturally relevant text.
Genetic variability among jarina palm (Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruíz & Pavón) progenies based on seed, germination and seedling characteristics
Authors: Ferraz Pedro de Albuquerque , Ferreira Sidney Alberto do Nascimento , Ferreira Evandro José Linhares , Ticona-Benavente Cesar Augusto , Carvalho Josiane Celerino de
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Jarina is a palm tree from the western Amazon region, whose seeds have characteristics like those of animal ivory, used for making handicrafts. The aim of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of jarina palm progenies, from seed morphophysiological characteristics, germination and seedling stages. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized, with 15 treatments (progenies), 3 repetitions, and 15 seeds per experimental unit. Thirty-one morphophysiological characteristics of the seed and seedling were used. With the characteristics that had significant variability, the progenies were grouped using the UPGMA method. The results showed genetic variability among progenies for 24 traits. Considering 50% of dissimilarity, four groups were identified: Group 1 - P05; Group 2 - P04, P11 and P12; Group 3 - P06, P10, P08, P14, P15, P07, P09, P02 and P13; and Group 4 - P01 and P03. Morphophysiological traits of the seed, germination and seedling are useful to detect genetic variability among jarina palm progenies. Three progenies (P04, P11 and P12) stood out for having the highest percentage of germination and the different seedling stages, as well as the highest speed indices and shortest times, in relation to germination and seedling stages.
Tolerance to delay in drying of hybrid maize seeds related to parental line and temperature
Authors: Costa Júlia Camargos da , Carvalho Everson Reis , Silva Neta Izabel Costa , Santos Milena Christy , Cabral Neto Luciano Dias , Rocha Débora Kelli
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of genetic composition and arrangement between female and male parents on tolerance to delayed drying of maize seeds, evaluating the physiological quality and enzyme expression. Ears were harvested close to the stage of physiological maturity (around 35% moisture) and the genotypes were identified as line 1 (L1), line 2 (L2), the hybrid (HB - ♀L1 and ♂L2), and the reciprocal hybrid (HR - ♀L2 and ♂L1). For assessment of physiological quality, CDR (4x6x2) was used, consisting of four genotypes, six times of delay before artificial drying (10, 18, 24, 28, 32, and 40 hours), and two drying delay temperatures (42 and 48 °C). DIC (4x3) was used for enzymatic expression, consisting of four genotypes and three delay times before artificial drying (10, 24 and 40 hours) at 48 °C. Analysis of variance F (p < 0.05), Tukey’s test (p < 0.05), and analysis of polynomial regressions were performed on the data. Lineage arrangement affects seed tolerance to drying delay. Therefore, susceptible lines should not be used as female parents. The seeds of the line most susceptible (L2) to delay in drying exhibit less expression of α-amylase (α-AM).
Action of nitric oxide on the physiological potential and biochemical mechanisms of pea seeds
Authors: Sekita Marcelo Coelho , Dias Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos , Pinheiro Daniel Teixeira , Silva Aparecida Leonir da , Matos Antônio César Batista , Silva Laércio Junio da
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) can act in biochemical pathways of the germination process; however, there is little information about how it acts on the performance of pea seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of NO on pea seed germination and vigor. Pea seeds cv. Itapuã 600 obtained from three seed lots with different levels of physiological quality were sown in a substrate moistened with water (control) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution, a NO donor (50 μM), to assess germination, vigor, activity of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and amylase activity. NO application does not alter pea seed germination, but it increases vigor. It is more effective in seeds with lower physiological potential. In addition, NO leads to reduction in oxidative stress, favors the translocation of reserves to the embryo, and has potential for use in the treatment of pea seeds to increase seed vigor.
Proteção dos trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde: análise dos planos de contingência das capitais brasileiras em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Rogério Wesley Pereira , Araújo Mariana Pereira da Silva , Souza Fernanda Mattos de , Lima Otávio Caliari , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Prado Thiago Nascimento do
Published: December 2021

Resumo Objetivo: analisar como a proteção da saúde dos trabalhadores da Atenção Básica à Saúde (ABS) é abordada nos planos de contingência das capitais brasileiras e do Distrito Federal (DF) para o enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudo descritivo, de base documental, com caráter analítico-reflexivo, que tomou como objeto de análise as publicações oficiais das secretarias municipais de saúde das capitais brasileiras e do DF produzidas para o enfrentamento da pandemia. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre junho e julho de 2020. Os dados foram categorizados segundo medidas administrativas, ambientais e individuais de controle. Resultados: todas as capitais apresentaram plano de contingência, exceto São Luís, no Maranhão, região Nordeste do país. A descrição das medidas de proteção respiratória ou individual estava presente em todos os planos de contingência avaliados, diferentemente do observado para as medidas administrativas e ambientais. Conclusão: os planos de contingência apresentam limitações na prevenção e proteção da saúde dos profissionais que atuam na ABS. A heterogeneidade de ações revela a complexidade do processo de enfrentamento da pandemia no Brasil diante de desigualdades regionais e fragilidades na gestão do sistema de saúde.
Acute Treatment Effects on GFR in Randomized Clinical Trials of Kidney Disease Progression
Authors: Neuen Brendon L. , Tighiouart Hocine , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Vonesh Edward F. , Chaudhari Juhi , Miao Shiyuan , Chan Tak Mao , Fervenza Fernando C. , Floege Jürgen , Goicoechea Marian , Herrington William G. , Imai Enyu , Jafar Tazeen H. , Lewis Julia B. , Li Philip Kam-Tao , Locatelli Francesco , Maes Bart D. , Perrone Ronald D. , Praga Manuel , Perna Annalisa , Schena Francesco P. , Wanner Christoph , Wetzels Jack F.M. , Woodward Mark , Xie Di , Greene Tom , Inker Lesley A. ,   on behalf of CKD-EPI Clinical Trials
Published: December 2021

Significance Statement

GFR slope has been proposed as a surrogate endpoint for progression to kidney failure in clinical trials studying patients with CKD. Acute or immediate effects on GFR after treatment initiation may complicate the interpretation of long-term treatment effects. In this large meta-analysis of 53 randomized clinical studies of CKD progression, the authors found the magnitude and nature of acute effects are variable across different interventions and may be larger at a higher baseline GFR. Negative acute effects (such as an acute reduction in GFR) were observed in trials of renin-angiotensin system blockade and BP lowering, whereas positive acute effects were more common in trials of immunosuppressive therapies. Such information can inform the optimal design and analysis plan for randomized clinical trials in CKD.

Background

Acute changes in GFR can occur after initiation of interventions targeting progression of CKD. These acute changes complicate the interpretation of long-term treatment effects.

Methods

To assess the magnitude and consistency of acute effects in randomized clinical trials and explore factors that might affect them, we performed a meta-analysis of 53 randomized clinical trials for CKD progression, enrolling 56,413 participants with at least one estimated GFR measurement by 6 months after randomization. We defined acute treatment effects as the mean difference in GFR slope from baseline to 3 months between randomized groups. We performed univariable and multivariable metaregression to assess the effect of intervention type, disease state, baseline GFR, and albuminuria on the magnitude of acute effects.

Results

The mean acute effect across all studies was −0.21 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (95% confidence interval, −0.63 to 0.22) over 3 months, with substantial heterogeneity across interventions (95% coverage interval across studies, −2.50 to +2.08 ml/min per 1.73 m2). We observed negative average acute effects in renin angiotensin system blockade, BP lowering, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor trials, and positive acute effects in trials of immunosuppressive agents. Larger negative acute effects were observed in trials with a higher mean baseline GFR.

Conclusion

The magnitude and consistency of acute GFR effects vary across different interventions, and are larger at higher baseline GFR. Understanding the nature and magnitude of acute effects can help inform the optimal design of randomized clinical trials evaluating disease progression in CKD.
DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA BUROCRÁTICA À GERENCIAL: O DESAFIO DA POLITIZAÇÃO DA BUROCRACIA NO PRESIDENCIALISMO DE COALIZÃO
Authors: Botelho Tiago Resende , Held Thaisa Maira
Published: December 2021

O trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o percurso da administração pública indo da burocrática à gerencial e, consequentemente, apontar os desafios da politização da burocracia no presidencialismo de coalizão. Para tal, trilha-se o processo histórico de formação teórica da burocracia. Após, busca-se compreender a recepção brasileira da teoria burocrática e a tentativa de afastamento do patrimonialismo vigente. Em seguida, adentra-se à reforma gerencial da administração pública, procurando entender a relação com a burocracia no presidencialismo de coalizão nos mandatos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Dilma Vana Rousseff e Michel Temer. Para assim, analisar os desafios da politização da burocracia no presidencialismo de coalizão. Ao final da pesquisa, apura-se que a relação do sistema político com a burocracia no presidencialismo de coalizão é fortemente marcada tanto pelo incentivo institucional quanto pela formação histórica do país. A centralização do controle discricionário sobre cargos e orçamento pelo Poder Executivo transformou-se em reserva burocrática na construção da coalizão. Em contrapartida, membros de partidos e políticos eleitos disputam por espaços dentro da burocracia administrativa que vem se avolumando desde a redemocratização. Ainda que boa parte dos estudos avaliem que a politização da burocracia tem conseguido garantir o sucesso do presidencialismo de coalizão por meio dos índices de propostas e aprovações de projetos de lei pelo Poder Executivo, esta pesquisa entende que tal análise é apenas um dos índices de aferição. É preciso ir além, pois a proliferação de partidos para construção da maioria simples e maioria qualificada desde a redemocratização amplia a cada nova eleição e, portanto, demanda da estrutura burocrática mais ministérios e cargos para que se recepcione maior número de partidos. Assim, a pesquisa aponta a necessidade de maior performance das reformas administrativas e modernização da relação do presidencialismo de coalizão com a burocracia, os partidos políticos, seus lideres partidários e o Poder Legislativo.
UMA ANÁLISE DA PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA A PARTIR DA MP 954/2020
Authors: Tena Lucimara Plaza , Siqueira Dirceu Pereira
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a privacidade de dados pessoais em contextos excepcionais, como o da pandemia COVID-19, momentos em que os riscos à vida humana são intensificados. Situações de anormalidade geram dificuldades aos poderes do Estado que precisam decidir. Nesse sentido, o estudo se propõe a analisar a MP 954/2020, que requer o compartilhamento de dados das teles com o poder público, para identificar, a partir de hipóteses visualizadas, qual o limite aceitável da presença do Estado na privacidade do indivíduo, sem que para isso viole direitos fundamentais e da personalidade. A conclusão vislumbrada para o problema identificado é que será necessário um equilíbrio que deverá ser encontrado a partir de instrumentos de controle social. O método utilizado é o hipotético dedutivo e a metodologia empregada é a revisão bibliográfica.
AUSÊNCIA DE INTERSECCIONALIDADE NAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE PROMOÇÃO DA IGUALDADE DE GÊNERO NA POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Leite Sampaio José Adércio , Mathias Souto Luana
Published: December 2021

A ausência de políticas públicas que viabilizem o aumento da participação política de mulheres negras no Brasil é uma realidade que contribui em grande medida para a manutenção das desigualdades e exclusão de estrato significativo da população brasileira na construção da democracia, pois é por meio da ativa e representativa participação política que realidades inscritas dentro do Estado de Direito podem mudar. Com base nesta realidade, o presente artigo por meio de revisão bibliográfica e documental, bem como análise de dados empíricos apresentados em pesquisas sobre o tema tem por objetivo discutir a carência de inclusão da interseccionalidade na construção das medidas que buscam a igualdade de gênero na política nacional. Ausência essa que decorre do histórico escravocrata presente no País e seu legado racista, bem como de uma estrutura elitista da política nacional, que embarreira a ampliação de poder à parcela negra da população. Nesse sentido, uma potencial resposta a essa problemática é a apresentada pela Deputada Federal, Benedita Souza da Silva Sampaio (PT/RJ) em consulta ao Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (2019), que pretende estabelecer a cota racial para as eleições e incidência da interseccionalidade na política pública de reserva de tempo de campanha, medida que vem sendo implementada para o aumento da participação feminina na política, na proporção de meio a meio para candidatas brancas e negras e, a partir disso, evitar a opressão de raça.
A VACINAÇÃO OBRIGATÓRIA E OS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS: UMA ANÁLISE DO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO E DO ENTENDIMENTO DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Rezende Eduardo Domingues , Freire Junior Américo Bedê
Published: December 2021

: O presente artigo se propõe a analisar a compatibilidade da exigência da vacinação obrigatória pela Lei Federal n.º 13.979/2020 com o paradigma do Estado Democrático de Direito. Para tanto, perpassaremos pelo contexto fático que levaram a essa exigência, que teve início no século XIX, se intensificou com a pandemia da varíola em 1904 no Rio de Janeiro/RJ e passou a ser tema de debate com o advento da pandemia da Covid-19. Diante dessa perspectiva, analisar-se-á a decisão proferida pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal nas ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade n.º 6.586 e 6.587, que colocou em debate a (in)constitucionalidade da obrigatoriedade da vacinação. Assim, utilizando como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica, sob uma abordagem dialética, concluiremos, sem esgotar os estudos sobre o tema, que é compatível com o paradigma do Estado Democrático de Direito a aplicação de medidas coercitivas indiretas de forma a garantir a obrigação da vacinação contra Covid-19, uma vez significa a própria promoção do direito fundamental à saúde e, via de consequência, da própria dignidade humana. Sugere-se, ainda, a adoção de medidas incentivadoras à vacinação, de forma a corroborar ainda mais com vacinação em massa e promover, inclusive, políticas públicas para amenizar as consequências negativas da pandemia no mercado financeiro
BLACK MIRROR NA CULTURA CONTEMPORÂNEA: O ESPETÁCULO DAS PENAS ALTERNATIVAS
Authors: Santos Rick J. , Garcia Wilton
Published: December 2021

Este texto problematiza a cultura contemporânea e a crescente criminalização dos segmentos mais frágeis da sociedade, ao utilizar como exemplificação a série Black Mirror, em especial o episódio “Urso Branco” (2013, 42 minutos), direção de Carl Tibbetts. O percurso metodológico organiza-se a partir do formato ensaio, a (re)considerar a dinâmica de observação, descrição e discussão. Nesse sentido, os estudos contemporâneos entrelaçam atualização e/ou inovação. Tais estudos estimulam uma desobediência epistemológica, ao compreender a produção do conhecimento, da subjetividade e da informação (fatos e/ou fake news), cujos resultados elencam a produção de efeito
Arap Dilinde Niyâbe
Authors: Kartal Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Bu makalede Arap dilinde niyâbe olgusu ele alınmaktadır. Kısaca, belli şartları taşımak kaydıyla bir öğenin başka bir öğe yerine kullanılması şeklinde tarif edilen ve bir nahiv ıstılahı olarak kullanımı oldukça geç dönemlerde başlayan niyâbe olgusunu açıklamak üzere nahiv ilminin teşekkül döneminde kullanılan ıstılahlardan ve sonraki dönemlerde yapılan tanımlardan yola çıkarak niyâbe olgusunun ne olduğu ortaya konmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bunu yaparken gerek cümle ve gerekse i‘râb alameti düzeyinde niyâbe olgusunun dil ve gramer kitaplarındaki meşhur örnekleminden istifade edilmektedir. Son olarak bu olgunun varlık sebebine, dil ve gramer bakımından işgal ettiği konumuna işaret edilip, dilin gramatik bütünlüğüne ve anlam zenginliğine katkıları ortaya konmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Impacts of κ-Oligocarrageenan Application on Photosynthesis, Nutrient Uptake and Bean Yield of Coffee (Coffea robusta)
Authors: Pham Trung San , Chau Minh Khanh , Nhu Khanh Huynh Hoang , Truong Anh Khoa , Nguyen Hoang , Pham Duc Thinh , Nguyen Thanh-Danh
Published: December 2021

κ-Oligocarrgeenan (OC) is well known as an effective and green plant growth promoter and elicitor. However, its effect on coffee plant has not been investigated so far. This study aimed to examine the impacts of OC on biophysical activity, vegetative growth and productivity of coffee plant (Coffea robusta). OC with average molecular weight (AMW) of 4.0 kDa was prepared by depolymerization of carrageenan using ascorbic acid. Field experiments were conducted by foliar spray four times per year at various OC concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm) for three years (2017-2019). The results showed that OC promoted growth of coffee plant in all tested concentrations, and an optimized concentration was found at 150 ppm which showed a significant increase compared to the control plant in total chlorophyll (24.79%), carotenoid (31.65%), uptakes of N (15.66%), P (15.81%), and K (22.25%) minerals in leaves, crop yield (19.80%) and bean size (13.10%). Therefore, OC is potentially promising to apply as a promoter to enhance yield of crops for sustainable coffee plantation.
Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Syzygium filiformevar. filiforme
Authors: Ahmad Mohd Hafiz , Nor Izan Norhazana , Ismail Nor Hadiani , Naz Humera
Published: December 2021

Syzygium filiforme var. filiforme is a plant variety from dicotyledonous plant family (Myrtaceae). Phytochemical studies on S. filiforme var. filiforme stem bark have successfully isolated and characterized arjunolic acid (1), alphitolic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), ursolic acid 3-methyl ester (5), β-sitosterol (6) and stigmasterol (7). The inhibitory activities against free radical, starch, and bacteria for major compounds were tested by using DPPH, α-glucosidase and minimum inhibitory and bacterial concentration assays, respectively. No promising antioxidant activity was shown on tested samples except methanolic crude extract. For antidiabetic activity, methanolic and dichloromethane crude extracts displayed potent activity compared to 1-deoxynojirimycin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) assays for antibacterial activity were evaluated on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. All crude extracts and major compounds displayed weak and no promising activities for MIC method, respectively. Meanwhile, for MBC method, hexane crude extract and compound 1 showed inhibition against B. subtilis.
Kinetic Modeling of Essential Oil Hydro-Distillation from Peels of Pomelo (Citrus grandis L.) Fruit Grown in Southern Vietnam
Authors: Tan Phat Dao , Huynh Xuan Phong , Mai Huynh Cang , Long Giang Bach , Nguyen Van Muoi
Published: December 2021

Thorough understanding of kinetics plays a key role in improving existing industrial processes. In this study, we attempted to model the kinetics of the hydro-distillation process that produces essential oil from peels of pomelo (Citrus grandis L.) fruit, which is a product with high economic value and a wide range of applications. We first determined the optimal water-to-material ratio for attaining maximal oil yield. Then, further experimental attempts were carried out at different distillation rates to generate experimental data to fit three kinetic models, namely first-order kinetics model, instantaneous washing, followed by diffusion model and simultaneous washing and diffusion model. Overall, the three models have well described the experimental kinetic data on hydro-distillation (R2> 90%). Of which, the simultaneous washing and diffusion model attaining the R2 of 99.97% was chosen as the most suitable to describe the kinetics of the extraction process. Estimated parameters also shown that the washing stage occurs more rapidly than the later, diffusion stage. GC-MS results showed that the obtained oil sample was characterized by the dominance of the D-Limonene compound (97.873%).
Trichloroacetic Acid/Acetone Precipitation Method to Optimize Canine Synovial Fluid for One and Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Studies
Authors: Tan Wei Miao , Lau Seng Fong , Syed Sulaiman Sharifah Zakiah , Umran Nor Shahira Solehah , Ajat Mokrish , Mansor Rozaihan , Megat Abd-Rani Puteri Azaziah , Shafie Intan NurFatiha , Ng Angela Min Hwei , Rahmad Norasfaliza Binti
Published: December 2021

The challenge associated with the use of synovial fluid for osteoarthritic proteome studies is the optimization step, which involves the depletion of high abundant proteins from the samples. The objective of this study was to develop a cost efficient and effective method to remove albumin from canine synovial fluid for proteome studies. Pooled synovial fluid samples were obtained from clinically healthy dogs (n=5), with no radiographic features of osteoarthritis. The acetone precipitation method and 10% w/v of trichloroacetic acid/acetone were chosen to deplete the albumin from canine synovial fluid and the outcome from the different methods were compared using one dimensional and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis studies. The results showed that the 10% w/v TCA/acetone precipitation method removed highly abundant proteins from synovial fluid for gel electrophoresis studies compared to the acetone precipitation method. The 10% w/v TCA/acetone precipitation method provides an effective method to remove albumin from the synovial fluid using gel electrophoresis, especially two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The accessibility and cost of TCA and acetone make this method of precipitation a simple and cost-effective technique in preparing a canine synovial fluid for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis.
Estimated Effective Lifetime Risks of Radiation-Induced Thyroid Cancer in Computed Tomography (CT) Brain Examination
Authors: Ganesan Rekha , Mohd Hilal Muhammad Ikhmal Naim , Che Isa Iza Nurzawani , Norsuddin Norhashimah , Mohd Nassir Khadijah , Said Rahmat Said Mohd Shaffiq , Abd Karim Muhammad Khalis
Published: December 2021

Thyroid is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the human body. Although the scanning range of brain computed tomography (CT) does not include lower neck region, there is possibility for thyroid to be irradiated due to scattered radiation because of its location near to the external beam collimation. The objective of this study was to evaluate effective lifetime risk of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in young adults following brain CT examination. A total of 306 patient data within the age range between 18 and 39 years old were retrospectively analysed. Absorbed dose of the thyroid organ was obtained through the input of data using WAZA- ARI v2. Effective lifetime risk was calculated by multiplying equivalent dose of the thyroid organ with the lifetime attributable cancer risk adapted from Biological Effects in Ionising Radiation (BEIR) Report V11. The effective lifetime risks were recorded as 0.45 ± 0.70 per 100 000 and 0.93 ± 1.52 per 100 000 for single and multiple exposures, respectively. In terms of gender, woman data (0.99 ± 0.76; 1.95 ± 2.15) were found higher as compared to man data (0.13 ± 0.39; 0.35 ± 0.45) for both single and multiple exposure. The percentage difference of effective lifetime risks between single and multiple exposures was up to 107%. The effective lifetime risk noted in this study may be low, however, the long-term risk of cancer development should be considered. This study serves as preliminary reference when revising clinical protocol especially in those involving repeated exposures in young adult patients. Future study should include other radiosensitive organs exploring the effective lifetime risk of radiation induced cancer following CT procedure.
Induction of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune reactions in immune compromised patients
Authors: Pogodina E. A. , Lobov A. V. , Ivanova P. I. , Kazey V. I. , Shubina I. Zh.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the review is studying the immune response to the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in different populations, including those with immunosuppression due to concomitant diseases or immunosuppressive therapy.

The role of T cells in building up the anti-COVID-19 immunity is of special interest, particularly, when comparing T cell and antibody based immunity. A number of studies are focused on the effectiveness of T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as on the resistance to re-infection. The decreased immunity associated with such illnesses as autoimmune diseases, non-autoimmune inflammations, and the effect of immunosuppressive drugs and obviously, different cancers increase the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 development, and exacerbate the course of the disease.

Several studies showed that patients with cancer are at risk of impaired immune response associated with a malignant neoplasm. The inefficient immune response was also shown in cancer patients receiving immunomodulatory therapy. However, some studies registered the specific immunogenicity after vaccination in patients with concomitant immunosuppression.

Methotrexate is a folate antimetabolite. The drug can be used both in high doses as an antimetabolite in the antitumor therapy, and in low doses as an immunosuppressive agent in patients with autoimmune diseases. Therefore, the review also discusses a study that evaluated the humoral and cellular immune response to the BNT162b2 (PfizerBioNTech) anti-COVID-19 vaccine in patients receiving methotrexate. The rate of antibody production was lower in patients receiving methotrexate, though the level of T-cell response was similar in all groups studied.

The review discussed immune compromised patients with cancer and hematological malignancies and patients living with HIV who had COVID-19. Most studies reported no significant differences of COVID-19 outcomes between major population and the patients with suppressed immune system.

Hereby, the cell and humoral immune response in immune compromised patients is possible, however, additional studies are required to confirm these data.
Adhesion concept in cancer biology: local and central mechanisms (part 2)
Authors: Bocharova O. A. , Matveev V. B. , Bocharov E. V. , Karpova R. V. , Kucheryanu V. G.
Published: December 2021

The review presents the concept the key mechanism of the tumor process is a violation of adhesion interactions involving local and central mechanisms. Local features of adhesive dysregulation are demonstrated in the part 1. 

The second part describes the central processes. Features of local adhesive dysregulation which provides the main properties of the tumor (loss of tissue control of proliferation, anaplasia, invasion, metastasis, lack of immunological surveillance) can be controlled by central mechanisms involving the dopaminergic system which is able using immunoadhesional interactions to regulate the active phase of immune responses against the tumor interfering the process and thus interrupting the development of a malignant neoplasm initiated by a local mutation in the target tissue. The proposed concept of the adhesion key role dysregulation in the target tissue neoplasia and the processes of immunoreactivity involving the loss of central dopamine as an adhesive-damaging factor at the level of immune responses reveals among other things the stress mechanism of cancer etiology. At the same time, the central dopamine directly affects the level of dopamine in the peripheral body. The main reserves of peripheral dopamine in platelets and blood lymphocytes can serve as a guarantee of antitumor protection. Being the production of lymphocytes peripheral dopamine plays a role in the maturation of cytotoxic lymphocytes promoting their migration to tumor nodes, the formation of conjugates with tumor cells. So, dopamine participates in the active phase of immune responses against the tumor contributing to the support of adhesive interactions between immune effectors and target cells. The latter also helps to protect the body from tumor diseases which obviously shorten life.

The adhesive concept of local and central control of tumor formation creates a certain perspective for improving the effectiveness of diagnosticis, prevention and treatment methods which can be a step towards solving the problem of malignant neoplasms.
Design Records Appraisal Tool
Authors: Leventhal Aliza , Thompson Jody , Anderson Alison , Schubert Sarah , Altenbach Andi
Published: December 2021

A common obstacle during the appraisal of design records is the specialized vernacular creators use to describe them. As a result, archival professionals may feel unprepared for discussions with potential donors while acquiring these distinct and sometimes problematic materials. Using authoritative architectural and archival sources, the authors expanded on existing literature to develop appraisal grid templates that generally align with different collecting institutions' missions and overarching development and retention policies and created a consolidated and comprehensive glossary of design phases, categories, and definitions to use as a reference. The authors hope that this resource will assist those who are unfamiliar with the design process to interpret disparate design record types, to inform the appraisal process, and ultimately, to make accessioning decisions.
Counterweight: Helen Samuels, Archival Decolonization, and Social License
Authors: Bak Greg
Published: December 2021

Helen Samuels sought to document institutions in society by adding to official archives counterweights of private records and archivist-created records such as oral histories. In this way, she recognized and sought to mitigate biases that arise from institution-centric application of archival functionalism. Samuels's thinking emerged from a late-twentieth-century consensus on the social license for archival appraisal, which formed around the work of West German archivist Hans Booms, who wrote, “If there is indeed anything or anyone qualified to lend legitimacy to archival appraisal, it is society itself.” Today, archivists require renewed social license in light of acknowledgment that North American governments and institutions sought to open lands for settlement and for exploitation of natural resources by removing or eliminating Indigenous peoples. Can a society be said to “lend legitimacy” to archival appraisal when it has grossly violated human, civil, and Indigenous rights?

Starting from the question of how to create an adequate archives of Canada's Indigenous residential school system, the author locates Samuels's work amid other late-twentieth-century work on appraisal and asks how far her thinking can take us in pursuit of archival decolonization.
AKADEMİK BAŞARISI YÜKSEK ÖĞRENCİLERİN AHLAKİ DEĞER YÖNELİMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: İPEK Yasemin
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, akademik alanda başarılı öğrencilerin ahlaki değer yönelimlerini belirlemektir. Böylelikle bilişsel alanda parlak görülen ve öğretim süreçlerinde bu yönde desteklenen bu öğrencilerin duyuşsal alan özelliklerin de keşfedilmesine ve öğretimlerinde dikkate alınmasına katkı sağlamaktır. Nicel bir yaklaşımla tasarlanan bu araştırmada betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın genel evreni akademik alanda başarılı ortaöğretim öğrencileridir. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise 2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılında Diyarbakır il merkezinde faaliyet gösteren fen liseleri öğrencilerinden oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma verileri Diyarbakır il merkezindeki Rekabet Kurumu Cumhuriyet Fen Lisesi ve Vali Aydın Arslan Fen Lisesi öğrencilerinden olmak üzere bu iki liseye devam eden 706 öğrenciden elde edilmiştir.
Araştırmada temelde “Akademik alanda başarılı öğrencilerin değer tercih sıralamaları nedir ve bu sıralamaları cinsiyetlerine göre nasıldır?” sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. Bu araştırma sonucunda öğrenciler tarafından en çok önemsen beş değerin, birinci sırada “aile kurumuna önem verme” daha sonra sırası ile namuslu olmak, âdil olmak, güvenilir olmak ve dürüstlük değerleri olduğu; en az tercih alan beş değerin ise, en azı misafirperverlik olmak üzere, kanaat, estetik duyarlılık, ölçülülük ve paylaşımcı olmak değerlerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Bu kapsamda ilgili literatür incelendiğinde bilişsel alanda gelişkin bir potansiyele sahip öğrencilerin karakteristik olarak aile kurumuna önem verme, namuslu olmak, adalet, güven, doğruluk, dürüstlük gibi ahlaki özelliklere sahip oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Öğrencilerin değerleri önemseme düzeylerinin, cinsiyete göre bazı değerlerde değişiklik gösterdiğine ulaşılmıştır. Akademik alanda başarılı öğrencilerin cinsiyetlerine göre değer yönelimlerinin genel popülasyona benzerlik gösterdiği ve kapsamdaki kuramsal bilgilerin bu öğrenciler için de geçerliliğini koruduğu söylenebilir. Hatta ilgili literatürde de bilişsel alanda gelişkin potansiyele sahip öğrencilerin toplumsal norm ve kültüre hususen saygılı duyduklarına, bunları benimsemek üzere sorguladıklarına ve hatta bunların bilinçli bir taşıyıcısı olabildiklerine ilişkin referanslarla da karşılaşılmıştır.