bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La segregación ocupacional de mujeres y hombres inmigrantes en Europa desde una perspectiva comparada entre países
Authors: PALENCIA‐ESTEBAN Amaia
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se analiza la segregación ocupacional por género y por condición de inmigrante en Europa según la Encuesta de Población Activa de 2005–2019. A diferencia de estudios anteriores, la segregación se cuantifica por separado para mujeres y hombres inmigrantes en cada país. Globalmente es menor para los hombres que para las mujeres y la segunda generación está menos segregada que la primera. Suele ser menor en el noroeste de Europa y mayor en el sudeste. Según el análisis contrafactual, las características individuales explican una pequeña parte de estas diferencias geográficas. La estructura institucional, las políticas de integración y las normas de cada país podrían ser determinantes.
Holistic face processing in 4‐ and 7‐month‐old infants
Authors: Kavšek Michael , Heil Martin , Granrud Carl E.
Published: September 2022

Previous studies found an onset of holistic face processing in the age range between 0–4 and 7 months of age. To validate these studies, the present study investigated infants 4 and 7 months of age with a different experimental approach. In a habituation‐dishabituation experiment, the infants were tested with stereoscopic stimuli in which stripes floated above a face, thereby occluding some parts of the face (amodal completion condition), and stereoscopic stimuli in which the same face parts floated above stripes (modal completion condition). Research with adults indicates that faces are processed holistically, that is as global wholes, in the amodal, but as independent parts in the modal completion condition, resulting in superior face recognition when the occluding bars are in front of than when they are behind the visible face parts. The present study found that infants regardless of whether they are 4 or 7 months old reliably recognized and differentiated the faces in the amodal but not in the modal completion condition. Moreover, the difference between the experimental conditions was statistically significant. These findings show that approximately at the age of 4–7 months of life, infants begin to holistically unify disjoint face parts into a coherent whole.
Psychiatry and/or recovery: a critical analysis
Authors: Crowe Marie
Published: September 2022

This perspective paper aims to present a personal viewpoint on the impact of psychiatric discourse on the principles of recovery in mental health care. Mental health services espouse these principles, yet psychiatric discourse remains the dominant model. A critical analysis will examine how psychiatry maintains this dominance. The aim is to examine how psychiatric discourse constructs both the nature of mental distress and its treatment, and how it maintains its power as the dominant authority and its relationship to recovery principles. The paper concludes that psychiatric discourse is the antithesis of recovery principles and that its authority is perpetuated through co‐opting a medical explanatory model, claiming expertise in the ability to predict social risk, and maintaining a tightly controlled echo chamber. A way forward involves the dismantling of the hierarchical service delivery model based on psychiatric discourse and replacing it with a more horizontal service delivery model in which the lived experience of mental distress is central. Regular audit of services needs to prioritize recovery principles. The implications for mental health nursing are considered.
Editorial Perspective: Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder viewed as neuro‐divergence in the digital world
Authors: Sonuga‐Barke Edmund , Kostyrka‐Allchorne Katarzyna
Published: September 2022

In this editorial we place attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in digital context. We describe, on the one hand, how, in many ways, the digital environment cuts with the grain of how people with ADHD operate creating potential benefits for them. On the other hand, we also describe how it may open them up to particular risks that can create negative long‐term functional and mental health outcomes.
RESCUE: A geomorphology‐based, hydrologic‐hydraulic model for large‐scale inundation mapping
Authors: Pavesi Luciano , D'Angelo Claudia , Volpi Elena , Fiori Aldo
Published: September 2022

Flood mapping is a key stage for detecting vulnerable areas, assessing floods impacts, identifying damages, and mitigation plans. Despite of the available guidelines for flood mapping following EU Floods Directive, coherent and comprehensive official flood hazard maps at the national scale are still missing, at least in the EU. In fact, flood mapping generally requires high economical and computational costs for setup/calibration of hydrological/hydraulic models, leading to partial and fragmented vulnerable areas. Here, we propose RESCUE, a laRgE SCale inUndation modEl; the scope is providing a simple and inexpensive tool for flood mapping at the regional scale, overcoming the current fragmentation. RESCUE takes advantage from coupling geomorphological analysis and simplified hydrologic‐hydraulic modeling, providing simple and reliable large scales inundation estimates. It is as parsimonious as purely DTM‐based methods and physically based as any hydrodynamic model, yet computationally more efficient. The model allows for parametric uncertainty analysis for a probabilistic assessment of inundation areas. We demonstrate RESCUE potentialities and limitations using two illustrative examples: Paglia‐Chiani River system, and Central Apennines District (Central Italy). Notwithstanding the inaccuracies of large scale DTMs and the missed representation of flood‐structure interactions, results are promising, suggesting that RESCUE might be an effective tool for preliminary hazard assessment.
Cryo‐electron microscopy structure of the intact photosynthetic light‐harvesting antenna‐reaction center complex from a green sulfur bacterium
Authors: Chen Jing‐Hua , Wang Weiwei , Wang Chen , Kuang Tingyun , Shen Jian‐Ren , Zhang Xing
Published: September 2022

The photosynthetic reaction center complex (RCC) of green sulfur bacteria (GSB) consists of the membrane‐imbedded RC core and the peripheric energy transmitting proteins called Fenna–Matthews–Olson (FMO). Functionally, FMO transfers the absorbed energy from a huge peripheral light‐harvesting antenna named chlorosome to the RC core where charge separation occurs. In vivo, one RC was found to bind two FMOs, however, the intact structure of RCC as well as the energy transfer mechanism within RCC remain to be clarified. Here we report a structure of intact RCC which contains a RC core and two FMO trimers from a thermophilic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum at 2.9 Å resolution by cryo‐electron microscopy. The second FMO trimer is attached at the cytoplasmic side asymmetrically relative to the first FMO trimer reported previously. We also observed two new subunits (PscE and PscF) and the N‐terminal transmembrane domain of a cytochrome‐containing subunit (PscC) in the structure. These two novel subunits possibly function to facilitate the binding of FMOs to RC core and to stabilize the whole complex. A new bacteriochlorophyll (numbered as 816) was identified at the interspace between PscF and PscA‐1, causing an asymmetrical energy transfer from the two FMO trimers to RC core. Based on the structure, we propose an energy transfer network within this photosynthetic apparatus.
Using the hedonic thresholds methodology and affective sensory methods to develop beet‐flavored smoothie yogurt
Authors: Moraes Silvana Medeiros , Louzada Camila Affonso , Lima Filho Tarcísio , Della Lucia Suzana Maria
Published: September 2022

We aimed to develop a beet‐flavored smoothie yogurt by applying methodologies such as the hedonic thresholds, acceptance and purchase intent tests, and by studying the effect of information on consumer evaluation of the product, in order to establish the maximum concentration of beet to be added to the smoothie yogurt. We also studied its proximal composition and shelf life. To determine the compromised acceptance threshold (CAT) and hedonic rejection threshold (HRT), consumers were divided into “like beet” (LB) and “do not like beet” (NLB). CAT = 6.71% and HRT = 20.14% beet addition were found for LB, and CAT = 7.15% and HRT = 10.27% for NLB. The smoothie yogurt with 6.71% beet was chosen as the final formulation. It presented more crude fiber and carbohydrates, and less protein than 0% beet smoothie yogurt (p ≤ .05). It reached 40 days of storage and flavor, and the overall impression had higher acceptance at this storage time. The information about beet smoothie yogurt had a positive influence on the acceptance and purchase intent.

Practical Applications

The forms of industrialization of red beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. esculenta var. rubra) are scarce, hindering its consumption and the use of the production surplus. In this work, we applied methodologies such as the hedonic thresholds, acceptance and purchase intent tests, among others, and it was possible to develop a beet‐flavored smoothie yogurt. Including beet as an ingredient is considered interesting because of its functional properties and colorant capacity. Although beet might divide opinions for its flavor and acceptance, this article shows that it can be used differently and is a potential ingredient in smoothie yogurt production, which implies greater use of such vegetables in industry.
Predictive factors for flea occurrence in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from semi‐arid Mediterranean environments
Authors: Perez Roberto , Pérez‐Cutillas Pedro , Gonzálvez Moisés , Muñoz‐Hernández Clara , Arcenillas‐Hernández Irene , de Ruiz de Ybáñez Rocío , Escribano Fernando , Martínez‐Carrasco Carlos
Published: September 2022

The role of red fox as host for a wide range of parasites, particularly fleas and other arthropods causing vector‐borne diseases, in combination with its capability to adapt to anthropized environments, makes this wild canid an epidemiologically remarkable species at the wildlife–domestic–human interface, especially in the present time of rise of emerging and re‐emerging diseases. This study evaluated the prevalence and parasite intensity of fleas in 88 foxes from Murcia Region (Southeastern Spain) and determined the geographic distribution of areas with the highest potential risk of flea presence. Pulex irritans, Ctenocephalides felis, Spilopsyllus cuniculi and Nosopsyllus fasciatus were identified. The overall prevalence was 76.13%. This is the first time that N. fasciatus has been reported in foxes from Murcia Region. The predictive model established a certain pattern to determine the areas with the highest risk of acquiring fleas. Positive correlation of daily potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in winter and the opposite effect occurring for ET0 in summer were obtained, as well as positive correlations for mean daily temperature (Tmean) in summer and mean precipitation (Pmean) in winter and summer. The model was also found positively correlated in the forest habitat ecotone areas and the anthropized areas.
Two novel HLA‐DQB1 alleles identified in potential hematopoietic stem cell donors: DQB1*03:01:50 and ‐DQB1*03:453
Authors: Ananeva Anastasiia , Nizamov Shamil , Shagimardanova Elena
Published: September 2022

HLA‐DQB1*03:01:50 and ‐DQB1*03:453, two novel alleles detected by next generation sequencing.
An innovative clinic model for student learning
Authors: Chakyayil Shaleen , Rogers Margot , Demers Lindsay B.
Published: September 2022

Background

Ambulatory rotations are a key part of medical student education, but there are few educational initiatives aimed to improve student experience.

Approach

This initiative implemented a new model for an urgent care clinic, based on Erickson's framework for learning, designed to provide students with more autonomy, and more time for teaching, discussion, feedback and patient encounters. Participants were fourth year medical students in their ambulatory rotation who were randomly assigned to participate in the urgent care clinic. Students were asked to respond to a survey at the end of the rotation.

Evaluation

A total of 59 fourth‐year medical students participated in the ambulatory care rotation, of which 40 students responded to the survey. Students who participated in the urgent care clinic reported more autonomy, feedback, learning and time to see patients. They were happier overall with their experience and felt more prepared for their intern year of residency.

Implications

Our intervention was able to achieve our goals of improving student satisfaction in their ambulatory experience at our institution. This model could be used to design a more effective teaching experience for medical students in other rotations at our institution, as well as at other institutions.
Projeto Simplificar 5.0
Authors: Vieira Tomás Protásio Aline , Lemos de Faria Carolina , Hartmann Peixoto Fabiano
Published: September 2022

A inovação, com a incorporação de novas tecnologias, pode possibilitar a ampliação do direito fundamental de acesso à justiça em seu aspecto formal e material, sendo este um desafio que deve ser enfrentado pelo Sistema de Justiça. Este artigo, construído a partir do método hipotético-dedutivo, com revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa empírica, busca enfrentar a influência da inovação no acesso à justiça. A pesquisa, proposta no âmbito do Poder Judiciário, sugere o aprimoramento do acesso à justiça por meio do Legal Design e da Inteligência Artificial e para tanto, apresenta o Projeto Simplificar 5.0. O projeto consiste na produção de resumos ilustrados e simplificados de sentença, com recursos gráficos e diretrizes de Legal Design, os quais são enviados, juntamente com a decisão judicial, para os jurisdicionados e advogados por aplicativo de mensagem. A Inteligência Artificial tem papel de auxílio, contribuindo com um algoritmo de aprendizado de máquina que atua nas etapas de classificação das sentenças, produção dos resumos e envio às partes. Os primeiros resultados obtidos demonstram o potencial de amplificação do acesso à justiça ao favorecer a assimilação e o cumprimento das decisões judiciais com a inovação implementada pelo Projeto Simplificar 5.0.
Advocacia Popular e o Século XXI
Authors: Marés de Souza Filho Carlos Frederico , Sanchez Roman Iara , Kanno Paula Harumi
Published: September 2022

O artigo analisa as modificações necessárias do Direito para incluir os setores excluídos da modernidade, povos, mulheres e natureza. Verifica que são necessárias alterações legais para incluir direitos, mas que não são suficientes, porque podem figurar como letra morta no sistema. Então, a luta prossegue para a implementação dos direitos consignados. Para isso é necessário que haja fundamentação teórica e argumentativa por profissionais competentes, formados nas Escolas do sistema, mas com sentido crítico e perspectiva popular. Analisa a defesa popular desde o século XIX e sua grande transformação do final do século XX e começo do século XXI com a organização de setores excluídos, como das mulheres, indígenas e quilombolas. Apresenta como houve crescimento do número de profissionais e a formulação de teorias jurídicas críticas e insurgentes capazes fundamentar as mudanças e disputar conceitos e decisões. Revela a importância das organizações sociais e a presença de advocacia popular, assim como a importância das políticas públicas de formação, como os cursos PRONERA de Direito. Demonstra que a advocacia popular formada por advogadas e advogados bem preparados tem sido fundamental para as disputas judiciais e que a tendência é melhorar cada vez mais essa participação.
La Relación Intercultural entre Culturas Jurídicas y la Democratización de la Justicia. El Caso de la Coordinación de Derechos Humanos de la Suprema Corte Mexicana
Authors: Bárcena Arévalo Erika
Published: September 2022

En este artículo revisaré el surgimiento y contexto de actuación de la Coordinación de Derechos Humanos y Asesoría de la Presidencia en la Suprema Corte mexicana, para analizar cómo contribuyó a generar procesos interculturalidad jurídica, es decir, de relación entre distintas culturas jurídicas, lo que redundó en una democratización del conocimiento jurídico y de la justicia misma en la medida en que contribuyó a la apertura de muchas personas juzgadoras para aplicar el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, vigente en el país a partir de 2011. La conclusión principal es que estos procesos de interculturalidad jurídica, si bien existen dado que lo intercultural es constitutivo de la cultura, como señala Gilberto Giménez, pueden ser encausados por agentes posicionados estratégicamente de tal manera que contribuyan a la democratización del derecho y del acceso a la justicia, en la medida en que visibilizan y valorizan la existencia de otras culturas jurídicas y sus comprensiones vernáculas del derecho. Este trabajo es producto de una investigación etnográfica realizada entre 2014 y 2015 en la Suprema Corte.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Cultura jurídica; interculturalidad jurídica; CoDHAP; SCJN; derechos humanos en México.
Reliability of Y Balance Test in Runners With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Jouira Ghada , Rebai Haithem , Sahli Sonia
Published: September 2022

Context: The Y Balance Test (YBT) is a simple, reliable, cost-effective screening test. It is used to evaluate dynamic balance as well as to determine the potential risk of injury of the lower limbs. The reliability of YBT has been widely reported in the general population. However, there are no studies evaluating the reliability of YBT use in athletes with intellectual disability (ID). The aim of the study was to examine the reliability of the YBT in runners with ID. Design: A reliability study. Methods: Twelve male runners (short-distance running) with ID (age 25.1 [4.50] y, height 169.1 [4.2] cm, weight 69.5 [5.5] kg, and intelligence quotient 60.8 [2.4]). The YBT was used to measure participants’ dynamic balance in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach directions. The analysis used the normalized values to the relative length of the lower limbs. A 1-way (trial) repeated-measures (5) analysis of variance for each direction was used. Intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change were computed to assess the reliability of the YBT between trials. Results: After 6 practice trials, 3 out of 5 consecutive ones achieved results stabilization for all directions and both legs (P < .05). The intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change values for all trials ranged from .76 to .87, 5% to <7%, and 11% to <15%, respectively. Conclusion: The YBT is a highly reliable tool to measure the dynamic balance of male runners with ID. Therefore, it is recommended to perform 6 practice trials and 3 measurements in these runners.
The Enhancer-Binding Protein MifR, an Essential Regulator of α-Ketoglutarate Transport, Is Required for Full Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in a Mouse Model of Pneumonia
Authors: Xiong Weichuan , Perna Alexander , Jacob Ikechukwu B. , Lundgren Benjamin R. , Wang Guirong
Published: September 2022

The opportunistic human pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PAO1 has an extensive metabolism, enabling it to utilize a wide range of structurally diverse compounds to meet its nutritional and energy needs. Interestingly, the utilization of some of the more unusual compounds often associated with a eukaryotic-host environment is regulated via enhancer-binding proteins (EBPs) in
P. aeruginosa
. Whether the utilization of such compounds and the EBPs involved contribute to the pathogenesis of
P. aeruginosa
remains to be fully understood. To narrow this gap, we investigated the roles of the EBPs EatR (regulator of ethanolamine catabolism), DdaR (regulator of methylarginine catabolism), and MifR (regulator of α-ketoglutarate or α-KG transport) in the virulence of
P. aeruginosa
PAO1 in a pneumonia-induced septic mouse model. Deletion of genes encoding EatR and DdaR had no significant effect on the mortality of
P. aeruginosa
PAO1-infected mice compared to wide-type (WT) PAO1-infected mice. In contrast, infected mice with Δ
mifR
mutant exhibited a significant reduction (~50%) in the mortality rate compared with WT PAO1 (
P
< 0.05). Infected mice with Δ
mifR
PAO1 had lower lung injury scores, fewer inflammatory cells, decreased proinflammatory cytokines, and decreased apoptosis and cell death compared to mice infected with WT PAO1 (
P
< 0.05). Furthermore, molecular analysis revealed decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation in infected mice with Δ
mifR
PAO1 compared to WT PAO1 (
P
< 0.05). These results suggested that the utilization of α-KG was a contributing factor in
P. aeruginosa
-mediated pneumonia and sepsis and that MifR-associated regulation may be a potential therapeutic target for
P. aeruginosa
infectious disease.
Integrating specialist palliative care to improve care and reduce suffering: cystic fibrosis (InSPIRe:CF) – study protocol for a multicentre randomised clinical trial
Authors: Lowers Jane , Dellon Elisabeth P , Stephenson Anne , Arnold Robert , Althouse Andrew , Jeong Kwonho , Dubin Ethan , Soodalter Jesse , Hovater Cade , Bakitas Marie , Goggin Jessica , Hunt William , Ladores Sigrid , Curseen Kimberly , Winter Gretchen , Solomon George , Ailon Jonathan , Conrad Douglas , Kavalieratos Dio
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting genetic disorder estimated to affect more than 160 000 individuals and their families worldwide. People living with CF commonly experience significant physical and emotional symptom burdens, disruptions to social roles and complex treatment decision making. While palliative care (PC) interventions have been shown to relieve many such burdens in other serious illnesses, no rigorous evidence exists for palliative care in CF. Thus, this study aims to compare the effect of specialist palliative care plus usual CF care vs usual CF care alone on patient quality of life.

Methods and analysis

This is a five-site, two-arm, partially masked, randomised superiority clinical trial. 264 adults with CF will be randomly assigned to usual CF care or usual CF care plus a longitudinal palliative care intervention delivered by a palliative care specialist. The trial’s primary outcome is patient quality of life (measured with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative care instrument). Secondary outcomes include symptom burden, satisfaction with care and healthcare utilisation. Outcomes will be measured at 12 months (primary endpoint) and 15 months (secondary endpoint). In addition, we will conduct qualitative interviews with patient participants, caregivers, and palliative care and CF care team members to explore perceptions of the intervention’s impact and barriers and facilitators to dissemination.

Ethics and dissemination

Human subjects research ethics approval was obtained from all participating sites, and all study participants gave informed consent. We will publish the results of this trial in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN53323164.
Dynamics of young stellar clusters as planet-forming environments
Authors: Reiter Megan , Parker Richard J.
Published: September 2022

Most stars and thus most planetary systems do not form in isolation. The larger star-forming environment affects protoplanetary disks in multiple ways: Gravitational interactions with other stars truncate disks and alter the architectures of exoplanet systems; external irradiation from nearby high-mass stars truncates disks and shortens their lifetimes; and the remaining gas and dust in the environment affect dynamical evolution (if removed by feedback processes) and provide some shielding for disks from external irradiation. The dynamical evolution of the region regulates when and how long various feedback mechanisms impact protoplanetary disks. Density is a key parameter that regulates the intensity and duration of UV irradiation and the frequency of dynamical encounters. The evolution of larger star-forming complexes may also play an important role by mixing populations. Observations suggest that clusters are not a single-age population but multiple populations with small age differences, which may be key to resolving several timescale issues (i.e., proplyd lifetimes, enrichment). In this review, we consider stellar clusters as the ecosystems in which most stars and therefore most planets form. We review recent observational and theoretical results and highlight upcoming contributions from facilities expected to begin observations in the next 5 years. Looking further ahead, we argue that the next frontier is large-scale surveys of low-mass stars in more distant high-mass star-forming regions. The future of ecosystem studies is bright as faint low-mass stars in more distant high-mass star-forming regions will be routinely observable in the era of extremely large telescopes.
FAC: A Music Recommendation Model Based on Fusing Audio and Chord Features (115)
Authors: Feng Weite , Liu Junrui , Li Tong , Yang Zhen , Wu Di
Published: September 2022

Music content has recently been identified as useful information to promote the performance of music recommendations. Existing studies usually feed low-level audio features, such as the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, into deep learning models for music recommendations. However, such features cannot well characterize music audios, which often contain multiple sound sources. In this paper, we propose to model and fuse chord, melody, and rhythm features to meaningfully characterize the music so as to improve the music recommendation. Specially, we use two user-based attention mechanisms to differentiate the importance of different parts of audio features and chord features. In addition, a Long Short-Term Memory layer is used to capture the sequence characteristics. Those features are fused by a multilayer perceptron and then used to make recommendations. We conducted experiments with a subset of the last.fm-1b dataset. The experimental results show that our proposal outperforms the best baseline by [Formula: see text] on HR@10.
A Brief History and Foundations for Modern Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Luger George F.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we present a brief history of artificial intelligence (AI) research for more than 70 years since its inception. We begin with an analysis of the mathematical, engineering, psychological and philosophical foundations enabling modern AI. We then outline and give examples of the three primary research thrusts the discipline has taken over its existence. We conclude offering both important criticisms as well as describing the future promise for current AI research and practice.
PACMHCI V6, MHCI, September 2022 Editorial
Authors: Alexander Jason , Chen Robin Bing-Yu , Isenberg Petra
Published: September 2022

Welcome to this issue of the Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, the first to bring together contributions from the community on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MHCI). The pervasive impact of mobile technologies over the last few years of the global pandemic is clear. They have become the de facto means for connecting children to their virtual classrooms, for remote doctor visits, to keep us 'in touch' with loved ones, for allowing us to keep working, and everything else in between. Yet, as researchers and practitioners, we are humbled by the many gaps that have needed our renewed attention. The call for articles for this first issue focused on contributions on the Mobile HCI theme received 113 valid submissions from across the world. After the first round of reviews, 56 contributions were invited to submit revised versions of their articles. After second round reviews 41 articles were accepted, giving an acceptance rate of 36%. We would like to thank our dedicated team of 35 associate editors and the external reviewers they recruited who have ensured the articles in this issue were rigorously reviewed to form a collection of high-quality articles on the theme of Mobile HCI.
The Reappropriation of Instant Messaging
Authors: Cheng Claire Wei , Aflatoony Leila
Published: September 2022

Instant messengers (IMs) have created an unprecedented shift in interpersonal communication. This study explores how users reappropriate instant messengers, their motivations, and the associated factors behind this behavior. We conducted a survey, with 81 responses, and interviewed 14 participants to understand the unexpected ways instant messengers are used for purposes beyond communication, focusing on how they are used for Personal Information Management (PIM). We used an iterative process of open-coding and affinity diagramming to reveal three key themes: users' reappropriation of messaging technologies for saving, remembering, and transferring information; users' struggles and strategies to find information buried in conversations; and users' emotional attachments and attitudes about keeping and deleting this data. Our study reveals informality and accessibility as the primary motivators for reappropriating IMs and examines how this repurposing behavior connects to privacy, digital possessions, and lifelogging.
ARm Haptics
Authors: Gruenefeld Uwe , Geilen Alexander , Liebers Jonathan , Wittig Nick , Koelle Marion , Schneegass Stefan
Published: September 2022

Augmented Reality (AR) technology enables users to superpose virtual content onto their environments. However, interacting with virtual content while mobile often requires users to perform interactions in mid-air, resulting in a lack of haptic feedback. Hence, in this work, we present the ARm Haptics system, which is worn on the user's forearm and provides 3D-printed input modules, each representing well-known interaction components such as buttons, sliders, and rotary knobs. These modules can be changed quickly, thus allowing users to adapt them to their current use case. After an iterative development of our system, which involved a focus group with HCI researchers, we conducted a user study to compare the ARm Haptics system to hand-tracking-based interaction in mid-air (baseline). Our findings show that using our system results in significantly lower error rates for slider and rotary input. Moreover, use of the ARm Haptics system results in significantly higher pragmatic quality and lower effort, frustration, and physical demand. Following our findings, we discuss opportunities for haptics worn on the forearm.
Free as a Bird, but at What Cost?
Authors: Savino Gian-Luca , Kariryaa Ankit , Schöning Johannes
Published: September 2022

As-the-crow-flies (ATCF) navigation is an alternative to turn-by-turn navigation for cyclists utilizing the least-angle strategy by providing the beeline to the destination. However, past research found weaknesses (e.g., running into dead ends) affecting the user experience. In this paper, we investigate how the street network attributes to the experience of the navigation method. Using a feature importance analysis and comparison of different city types across 1633 cities, we analyze how ATCF navigation fits different environments. The perfect ACTF-city has long streets, many options to turn at decision points, few dead ends, and a grid-like structure. Cities well suited are primarily found in East Asia and North America. Furthermore, we find that previous ATCF studies were most likely conducted in Western Europe, which features the least suited street networks for the navigation method. We present design implications for future ATCF implementations and argue for diverse study locations in future research.
Application of Kalman Filter to Large-scale Geospatial Data: Modeling Population Dynamics
Authors: Akatsuka Hiroto , Terada Masayuki
Published: September 2022

To utilize a huge amount of observation data based on real-world events, a data assimilation process is needed to estimate the state of the system behind the observed data. The Kalman filter is a very commonly used technique in data assimilation, but it has a problem in terms of practical use from the viewpoint of processing efficiency and estimating the deterioration in precision when applied to particularly large-scale datasets. In this article, we propose a method that simultaneously addresses these problems and demonstrate its usefulness. The proposed method improves the processing efficiency and suppresses the deterioration in estimation precision by introducing correction processes focusing on the non-negative nature and sparseness of data in wavelet space. We show that the proposed method can accurately estimate population dynamics on the basis of an evaluation done using population data generated from cellular networks. In addition, the possibility of wide area abnormality detection using the proposed method is shown from a situation analysis of when Category 5 typhoon Hagibis made landfall in Japan. The proposed method has been deployed in a commercial service to estimate real-time population dynamics in Japan.
First-Principle Calculations to Investigate Structural, Electronic, Elastic, Mechanical, and Optical Properties of K2CuX (X=As, Sb) Ternary Compounds
Authors: Mbilo Mwende , Musembi Robinson
Published: September 2022

Efficient materials with good optoelectronic properties are required for the good performance of photovoltaic devices. In this work, we present findings of a theoretical investigation of the structural, electronic, elastic, mechanical, and optical properties of K2CuX (X = As, Sb) ternary compounds. The computations were carried out by using the density functional theory (DFT) formalism as implemented in the quantum espresso (QE) software package. The calculated lattice constants of 19.1414 a.u (K2CuAs) and 20.0041 a.u (K2CuSb) are in agreement with the experimental results from the literature. The materials under study were found to have bandgaps of 1.050 eV (K2CuAs) and 1.129 eV (K2CuSb). The valence band was majorly formed by Cu-3d, As-2p, and Cu-4s states while the conduction band was majorly dominated by Cu-5p in K2CuAs, whereas in K2CuSb, the valence band was mainly formed by Cu-3d, Cu-4s, and Sb-3p states while the conduction band was majorly formed by Sb-3p and Cu-5p states. The investigated materials were found to be mechanically stable at zero pressure, ductile, and ionic. The optical absorption coefficient curves were found to cover the ultraviolet to visible (UV-Vis) regions, thus making K2CuAs and K2CuSb good UV-Vis absorbers hence their suitability for photovoltaic applications.
In Vitro Diagnostic Accuracy and Agreement of Dental Microscope and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Comparison with Microcomputed Tomography for Detection of the Second Mesiobuccal Canal of Maxillary First Molars
Authors: Khademi Abbasali , Saatchi Masoud , Sheikhi Mahnaz , Soltani Mohammad Mehdi , Moradi Samane
Published: September 2022

Objectives. The percentage of failure of endodontically treated maxillary molars is relatively high; one main reason is that the second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) is missing. Some techniques have been proposed for detection of the MB2. This study was aimed at assessing the diagnostic accuracy and agreement of the dental microscope and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in comparison with microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) for detection of the MB2 of maxillary first molars in vitro. Materials and Methods. This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 71 permanent maxillary first molars that were stored in 100% humidity at room temperature. The teeth were mounted in 9 silicone dental arches to the level of their cementoenamel junction (8 teeth in each arch). The blocks underwent CBCT in a XG3D scanner. Access cavity was then prepared, and the teeth were inspected by a surgical microscope for negotiation of the MB2. Also, micro-CT images were obtained from the teeth to serve as the gold standard. CBCT and micro-CT images were observed by two examiners twice with a 2-week interval. Results. The frequency of the MB2 detected by dental microscope was significantly lower than micro-CT (

P
<
0.001

) and CBCT (

P
=
0.008

); no significant difference existed between micro-CT and CBCT in this respect. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CBCT for detection of MB2 were 92.6%, 100%, 100%, and 81%, respectively. Conclusion. CBCT is superior to the dental microscope for detection of the MB2 of maxillary first molars and can be used for this purpose in the clinical setting with adequate accuracy.
Thermogravimetric Analysis and Mechanical Properties of Pebble Natural Filler-Reinforced Polymer Composites Produced through a Hand Layup Technique
Authors: Kumar Raj , Kumar S. Mohan , Kumar M. E. Shashi , Kumar V. Ravi , Kivade Rajesh , Pavan Jonnalagadda , Seikh A. H. , Siddique M.H. , Diriba Abdi
Published: September 2022

Using pebble and fibre in an epoxy matrix, the mechanical, dynamic, and thermal characteristics of a composite were examined. Tensile, flexural, impact, and interlaminar shear strengths are experimentally determined. In this study, we compare the mechanical performance of carbon fibre composites composed entirely of conventional epoxy (NE). The results of a comparative investigation using 15 and 20% carbon fibre in an epoxy matrix are presented. Additional categories for compressive strength and damping ratio were defined based on this performance. The epoxy resin was combined with carbon fibre (15 wt% and 20 wt%) in a unidirectional arrangement and manufactured with different fillers like pebble. The goal of this research is to better understand the bonding mechanisms between damping materials and the resin matrix in order to increase interfacial bonding performance. This information is required for both selecting the appropriate material for applications and developing a composite construction using that material.
Study on Numerical Simulation and Electromagnetic Scattering of Time-Invariant Freak Waves
Authors: Han Lichen , Wu Gengkun , Liu Bin
Published: September 2022

The occurrence probability of freak waves is related to the sea wave spectrum. In this paper, different wave spectrums are used to simulate time-invariant three-dimensional freak waves. Freak waves that meet the international standards are generated at fixed time and location by adjusting the energy of the wavelets. We studied the occurrence probability of freak waves under the conditions of different wave spectrums, different wind speeds, and different modulation ratios and optimized the calculation speed of the model. Simulation data show that the difference in the shape of the wave spectrum affects the probability of freak waves occurrence. The model conforms to the Benjamin–Feir index (BFI), and the ratio of wave steepness to spectrum bandwidth is the key. In this paper, the Kirchhoff approximation theory is used to study the electromagnetic scattering (EM scattering) properties of freak waves on the large scale. We ideally calculate the Normalized Radar Cross-Section (NRCS) from the sea surface with freak waves, under different wind speeds and different grazing angles. The NRCS of freak waves is extremely low, and the increase of wind speed and the decrease of the grazing angle will make the detection of freak waves more difficult. The possibility of detection of freak waves is higher at high grazing angles (low incidence angles). The numerical simulations provide reference for engineering.
Joint Injury of Taijiquan Based on Computer Image Analysis
Authors: Su Wen , Bai Bing , Zhao Yunpeng
Published: September 2022

With people’s attention to physical health and health preservation, more and more people practice Taijiquan to achieve the purpose of physical fitness and self-cultivation. However, many people do not fully understand the principles of Taijiquan in the early stage of practicing Taijiquan, rely on imitation to practice, and ignore the action essentials and characteristics of Taijiquan, resulting in joint pain. At the same time, many beginners ignore the causes of these situations, resulting in joint damage. Therefore, this paper proposes the research on the joint injury of Taijiquan based on computer image analysis and carries out the dependent research and analysis through the joint image processing model based on the improved Robert’s edge detection algorithm. The experimental results show that the action cycle time of wrong action is longer than the total time of correct action due to the increase of action displacement, and the long displacement distance increases the pressure on the knee joint and improves the probability of knee joint damage. In addition, there are obvious differences between wrong action and correct action in knee adduction and abduction, flexion and extension, internal rotation, and external angle. Wrong action knee joint movement does not conform to the natural movement law of human body, which increases the pressure or tension to the knee joint and surrounding related tissues and improves the probability of knee joint damage.
Style Transfer of Chinese Art Works Based on Dual Channel Deep Learning Model
Authors: Tang Yan
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problems of style loss and lack of content in the style transfer of Chinese art works, this paper puts forward the style transfer technology of Chinese art works based on the dual channel deep learning model. On the basis of clarifying the technical principle of style transfer of art works, the image of art works is controlled and transformed based on the u-net network. The incomplete information in the restored image is filled, and the multiscale classification feature is used to calculate the color feature data items in the image. The sensitivity coefficient of color difference is calculated by using constraints, and the overlapping color discrimination and image segmentation of art images are realized. Poisson image editing is used to constrain the image spatial gradient to realize the style migration of art works. The experimental results show that this method can effectively avoid the problems of content error, distortion, and distortion in the process of art style migration, and has a better style migration effect.
The Application of Laser-Scanning-Based BIM Technology in Large Steel Structure Engineering for Environmental Protection
Authors: Lu Chunting , Wang Li , Yang Zheng , Liu Xingsheng , Zhang Xiangwei , Wu Longhai
Published: September 2022

The rise of heteromorphic architecture brings great challenges to engineering design, blanking, construction, completion testing, and maintenance. The 3D laser scanning measurement technology can quickly achieve the “copy” measurement of the target, especially suitable for the digitization of complex structure and the accurate construction of true 3D model and it takes care of other things which are necessary environment point of view. In this paper, we are considering the steel structure inspection and curtain wall blanking in the construction of the Grand Theater in the “Shangqiu Cultural and Art Center” as a case study. First, the laser scanning technology has been introduced to complete the data acquisition of steel structure objects and to screen the other details of the structure. Then, the high-quality point cloud is obtained through multistation splicing, filtering, denoising and smoothing, compression, and simplification. Through field comparison, the point cloud accuracy reached an acceptable level. Through field comparison, it can be seen that the difference between the designed building model combining laser technology and BIM technology is distributed within the range of ±(1–5)mm, and the mean square error is ±3.5 mm, and the deviation of numerical simulation is small, which meets the building requirements. Therefore, this method can effectively detect steel structure, and the BIM model can be updated according to the measured point cloud data. We provide accurate data reference for curtain wall material and installation.
Relationship between Mechanical Properties of Saturated Fissured Sandstone and Fissure Angle after Freeze-Thaw Cycles
Authors: Luan Yiquan , Liu Zihao , Song Guilei , Zhang Jinpeng , Chen Longxiao , Qin Peng , Liu Chuanxiao
Published: September 2022

The change of mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of underground engineering in cold regions decreases engineering safety. In order to explore the influence of fissure angle on the mechanical properties of surrounding rocks, uniaxial compression and acoustic emission tests were carried out on the fissured sandstone in a saturated state. The results showed that the stress-strain curves of the fissured sandstone had “stress drop” phenomena, the acoustic emission ringing count rate and the cumulative ringing count versus time curve could describe the various stages of fissured sandstone failure, and the increase in the fissure angle made the acoustic emission activity more active. Fissures degraded the mechanical properties of sandstone. The peak strength and elastic modulus of the fissured sandstone increased with the increase of the fissure angle due to the large fissure width of the saturated sample and the freezing-thawing effect, and the peak strain and Poisson’s ratio had no obvious regularity. As the fissure angle increased, the dominant cracks in the failure mode changed from tensile cracks to shear cracks and then to tensile cracks, and the failure mode changed from splitting failure to shearing failure and then to splitting failure. This study can provide guidance and suggestions for the design of underground engineering in cold regions.
Cover Design of Public Service Advertisement Based on Deep Image Rendering Technology
Authors: Yang Han , Zhang Longxiang
Published: September 2022

With the development of digital multimedia technology, public service advertisement covers are mostly released in the form of animation, mainly in the form of two-dimensional and three-dimensional animations, disseminating artistic energy through artistic expression, and unknowingly imparting laws, rules and morals to the public, promoting national traditional culture, and establish a good social image through public service advertisements. With the rapid development of image processing technology and the continuous upgrading of display devices, people have begun to pursue more three-dimensional and immersive digital display technologies. According to the Criminisi algorithm, it mainly repairs the edge defects in the source image, and then updates the pixel confidence of the repaired image to start the next repair until the repair is completed. In order to make the public service advertisement cover design meet the needs of the market, the advertisement cover is designed through image drawing technology, the collected advertisement video is passed through Criminisi digital image restoration technology and its classification, and the improved Criminisi algorithm is explained to repair the advertisement image, and then the mean shift Clustering (Mean Shift Clustering) algorithm iteratively counts the processed images. The processing of the public service advertisement cover through the depth image rendering technology greatly reduces the repair rate without affecting the repair quality, restores the damaged image more accurately, and can reduce the video point rate. It can be increased to 0.87, saving 29% of the bit rate.