bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big data analytics on social networks for real-time depression detection
Authors: Angskun Jitimon , Tipprasert Suda , Angskun Thara
Published: May 2022

During the coronavirus pandemic, the number of depression cases has dramatically increased. Several depression sufferers disclose their actual feeling via social media. Thus, big data analytics on social networks for real-time depression detection is proposed. This research work detected the depression by analyzing both demographic characteristics and opinions of Twitter users during a two-month period after having answered the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 used as an outcome measure. Machine learning techniques were applied as the detection model construction. There are five machine learning techniques explored in this research which are Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and Deep Learning. The experimental results revealed that the Random Forest technique achieved higher accuracy than other techniques to detect the depression. This research contributes to the literature by introducing a novel model based on analyzing demographic characteristics and text sentiment of Twitter users. The model can capture depressive moods of depression sufferers. Thus, this work is a step towards reducing depression-induced suicide rates.
Dog olfactory receptor gene expression profiling using samples derived from nasal epithelium brushing
Authors: Azzouzi Naoual , Guillory Anne-Sophie , Chaudieu Gilles , Galibert Francis
Published: May 2022

Dogs have an exquisite sense of olfaction. In many instances this ability has been utilized by humans for a wide range of important situations including detecting explosives and illegal drugs. It is accepted that some breeds have better senses of smell than others. Dogs can detect many volatile compounds at extremely low concentrations in air. To achieve such high levels of detection, the canine olfactory system is both complex and highly developed requiring a high density of olfactory receptors capable of detecting volatiles. Consequently the dog genome encodes a large number of olfactory receptor (OR) genes. However, it remains unclear as to what extent are all of these OR genes expressed on the cell surface. 

To facilitate such studies, a nasal brushing method was developed to recover dog nasal epithelial cell samples from which total RNA could be extracted and used to prepare high quality cDNA libraries. After capture by hybridization with an extensive set of oligonucleotides, the level of expression of each transcript was measured following next generation sequencing (NGS). The reproducibility of this sampling approach was checked by analyzing replicate samples from the same animal (up to 6 per each naris). The quality of the hybridization capture was also checked by analyzing two DNA libraries; this offered an advantage over RNA libraries by having an equal presence for each gene. Finally, we compared this brushing method performed on living dogs to a nasal epithelium biopsy approach applied to two euthanized terminally ill dogs, following consent from their owners.

Comparison the expression levels of each transcript indicate that the ratios of expression between the highest and the least expressed OR in each sample are greater than 10,000 (paralog variation). Furthermore, it was clear that a number of OR genes are not expressed.

The method developed and described here will allow researchers to further address whether variations observed in the OR transcriptome relate to dog ‘life experiences’ and whether any differences observed between samples are dog-specific or breed-specific.
Abnormally high Patient State Index associated with epicardial pacing: a case report
Authors: Yonezawa Hiroki , Maeda Takuma , Takise Yoshiaki , Morinaga Masahiro , Ohnishi Yoshihiko
Published: May 2022

Background

Anesthesiologists monitor electroencephalography (EEG) intraoperatively to maintain adequate depth of anesthesia. However, the EEG signal is affected by noise and interference. The SedLine® is a brain function monitor with which the Patient State Index (PSI) is calculated. In this study, we report abnormally high PSI values associated with epicardial pacing during open heart surgery.

Case presentation

A 50-year-old man was scheduled for total arch replacement. Atrial demand pacing was started before weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. The PSI increased from 30 to 80 soon after the start of pacing, and the EEG waveform showed spikes synchronized with the pacing. As the pacing output was lowered, the spikes on the EEG attenuated and disappeared, and the PSI decreased to < 40. When the pacing output was increased again, the spikes recurred, and the PSI increased again.

Conclusions

Pacemaker spikes may cause contamination of the EEG, resulting in abnormally high PSI values.
Effect of pyriproxyfen on development and survival of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto under forested and deforested areas
Authors: Nampelah Bahati , Chisulumi Paulo S. , Yohana Revocatus , Kidima Winifrida , Kweka Eliningaya J.
Published: May 2022

Background

The land cover changes in the form of deforestation are known for their impact on enhancingAnophelinelife-history traits. In most cases, these traits depend on environmental parameters such as temperature and light. Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator juvenile hormone (JH) designed to inhibit adult mosquito emergence. It is an effective biolarvicide in controlling immature stages of malaria vectors and many other insects. Despite the known efficiency of pyriproxyfen in malaria vector control, but the understanding of its performance under deforested or afforested areas is not clear. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of pyriproxyfen on development and survivorship ofAnopheles gambiae s.s.in forested and deforested areas. Tests of two dosages (0.03 ppm.ai. and 0.3 ppm.ai.) of pyriproxyfen were done in standardized semi-field conditions under ambient temperature and light in netting screened environment. The plastic artificial microcosms containing 1 kg of soil and 2000 mL of dechlorinated water were used. First instars larvae were distributed in densities of 20, 40, and 60 in six replicates each, to form a total of 18 microcosms per each land cover type. Larvae mortality, development, and survival time were monitored and recorded after every 24 h until pupation. Emerging adults from pupa were recorded, and their sexes were identified.

Results

Pyriproxyfen increasedAnopheles gambiaelarvae mortality rates and larvae developmental time of first instar larvae to pupal at densities of 20, 40 and 60 larvae in forested area (p < 0.05). Also, the larvae survival time was found to be longer in forested area compared to deforested area (p < 0.05) except at the density of 20 larvae. Pyriproxyfen reduced larvae pupation rates by 88% in forested area and it had 100% adult emergence inhibition regardless of land cover type and pyriproxyfen concentration, except at the density of 60 larvae exposed to 0.03 ppm, where adult emergence rate of 6.7% was detected.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that, the efficacy of pyriproxyfen againstAnopheles gambiaes.s. larvae and pupae is dependent on land cover types and its larvicidal effect can be increased by presence of trees canopy covers. Therefore, reviving forestry schemes and community afforestation programmes could have a positive impact on mosquito larval control by using larvicides. Also, increasing land canopy cover can be opted as a way to discourage the development and survival of potential malaria vectors.
Impact of COVID-19 Disease in Early Breast Cancer Management: A Summary of the Current Evidence
Authors: Cavalcante Francisco Pimentel , Abdala Edson , Weissmann Leonardo , Ferreira Carlos Eduardo dos Santos , Amorim Gilberto , de Oliveira Vilmar Marques , Guilgen Gisah , Landeiro Luciana , Pinho João Renato Rebello , Pulchinelli Álvaro , Ribeiro Heber , Souza Rafael , Rosa Daniela Dornelles
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE

An expert panel on breast cancer and COVID-19 disease was convened to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for early breast cancer (eBC) management.

METHODS

To ensure that the most clinically relevant information was addressed, essential information was drawn from several of the latest national and international guidelines and another technical document. The expert panel met in five virtual closed sessions from November 2020 to May 2021 to consult on the relevant data from evidence-based results. The data gathered were discussed on an online platform.

RESULTS

This article reports the expert panel's highlights of these meetings' discussions. In addition, it provides practical recommendations covering topics regarding diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with eBC in clinical settings routinely encountered by health care professionals amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSION

This article provided guidance on several topics regarding eBC management amid the COVID-19 pandemics to inform safer care practices.
Building Capacity for Cancer Research in the Era of COVID-19: Implementation and Results From an International Virtual Clinical Research Training Program in Zambia
Authors: Diao Kevin , Lombe Dorothy C. , Mwaba Catherine K. , Wu Juliana , Kizub Darya A. , Cameron Carrie A. , Chiao Elizabeth Y. , Msadabwe Susan C. , Lin Lilie L.
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE

The incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa is increasing rapidly, yet cancer research in the region continues to lag. One contributing factor is limited exposure to clinical research among trainees. We describe implementation and results of a virtual clinical research training program for Zambian clinical oncology fellows developed jointly by the Cancer Diseases Hospital in Zambia and the MD Anderson Cancer Center to address this need.

METHODS

The clinical research training program consisted of 14 weekly virtual lectures, development of research questions by Zambian clinical oncology fellows, assignment of faculty and peer mentors, longitudinal mentorship of research protocols, and anonymous precourse and postcourse surveys. The paired t-test was used to analyze the change in academic self-efficacy scores.

RESULTS

Fourteen Zambian clinical oncology fellows participated. Senior fellows were paired with research mentors, leading to the development of eight research protocols. A total of 70 meetings and 126 hours of mentorship occurred with a median of seven meetings and 15 hours per pairing. The precourse and postcourse survey response rates were 86% and 79%, respectively. There were statistically significant increases in nine of 12 academic self-efficacy domains. The largest gains were in ability to independently perform research ( P < .001) and research mentorship ( P = .02) with an average increase of 1.5 points on a five-point scale in both domains.

CONCLUSION

The Cancer Diseases Hospital MD Anderson Cancer Center clinical research training program for Zambian clinical oncology fellows led to increases in multiple academic self-efficacy domains among participants, formation of longitudinal mentorship groups with both faculty and peer mentors, and development of Zambian-led research protocols, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing a virtual model. This may be especially relevant because of shifting international collaboration paradigms after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Oncology Training Needs Assessment Among Health Care Professionals in Nigeria
Authors: Adejumo Prisca Olabisi , Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike , Ntekim Atara , Awolude Olutosin Alaba , Kotila Olayinka Adejoke , Aniagwu Toyin , Brown Biobele Jotham , Dzekem Bonaventure Suiru , Duncan Susan , Tito-Ilori Moyinoluwalogo , Ajani Olufadekemi , Lee Sang Mee , Babalola Chinedum Peace , Ojengbede Oladosu , Huo Dezheng , Hammad Nazik , Olopade Olufunmilayo I.
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE

This study investigated the status of training and preparedness for oncology practice and research and degree of interprofessional collaboration among health care professionals in the six geopolitical regions of Nigeria.

METHODS

A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used. Three hundred seventeen respondents completed a three-part, online questionnaire. Self-rated competencies in oncology research (26 items), oncology practice (16 items), and interprofessional collaboration (nine items) were assessed with a one- to five-point Likert scale. Six key informant and 24 in-depth interviews were conducted. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and pairwise t-test were used to analyze the quantitative data, whereas thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data.

RESULTS

Respondents were mostly female (65.6%) with a mean age of 40.5 ± 8.3 years. Respondents include 178 nurses (56.2%), 93 medical doctors (29.3%), and 46 pharmacists (14.5%). Self-assessed competencies in oncology practice differed significantly across the three groups of health care professionals ( F = 4.789, P = .009). However, there was no significant difference across professions for competency in oncology research ( F = 1.256, P = .286) and interprofessional collaboration ( F = 1.120, P = .327). The majority of respondents (267, 82.4%) felt that educational opportunities in oncology-associated research in the country are inadequate and that this has implications for practice. Key training gaps reported include poor preparedness in data analysis and bioinformatics (138, 43.5%), writing clinical trials (119, 37.5%), and writing grant/research proposals (105, 33.1%). Challenges contributing to gaps in cancer research include few trained oncology specialists, low funding for research, and inadequate interprofessional collaboration.

CONCLUSION

This study highlights gaps in oncology training and practice and an urgent need for interventions to enhance interprofessional training to improve quality of cancer care in Nigeria. These would accelerate progress toward strengthening the health care system and reducing global disparities in cancer outcomes.
Developing Palliative Medicine as an Accredited Medical Specialty in Kenya
Authors: Elias Hussein , Dow Lindsay A. , Boit Juli , Asirwa Chite F. , Cornetta Kenneth
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE

Most people living with life-limiting illnesses in Kenya lack access to palliative care. Globally, palliative medicine is a growing specialty that equips clinicians with the training required to improve the quality of life for people living with a wide variety of serious illnesses. Optimal delivery relies on a skilled workforce with specialty-level training, and we identified the absence of board-accredited training programs for clinical officers (COs) and physicians as a barrier to providing high-quality palliative care in Kenya.

METHODS

We held a series of stakeholder meetings with expert palliative care clinicians, leaders, and educators from Kenya and other countries to develop and implement a comprehensive, evidence-based palliative medicine curriculum for COs.

RESULTS

We developed a higher diploma program that is being administered by the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital College in Eldoret, Kenya, with faculty from Moi University School of Medicine and affiliated institutions. We have collaborated to create the first diploma awarding program in palliative medicine in Kenya. Our efforts have led the Kenyan CO Council adding palliative medicine to their list of recognized and licensed specialties. COs are now enrolled in an 18-month program that will lead to a higher diploma and national recognition as palliative care specialists.

CONCLUSION

Early building of consensus and educating policymakers, regulatory bodies, and government personnel was an important step to overcome the challenge of palliative care misconceptions. The unique capacity of global partnerships and early and frequent stakeholder involvement is critical in novel program development. Local ownership of such in-country programs is key, and the stakeholders should be included in strategies for sustainability.
Piriform Cortex Ablation Volume Is Associated With Seizure Outcome in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Hwang Brian Y. , Mampre David , Tsehay Yohannes K. , Negoita Serban , Kim Min Jae , Coogan Christopher , Eremiev Alexander , Palla Adhith , Weber-Levine Carly , Kang Joon Y. , Anderson William S.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

Growing evidence suggests that piriform cortex resection during anterior temporal lobectomy is important for achieving good seizure outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). However, the relationship between seizure outcome and piriform cortex ablation during MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine whether ablation of piriform cortex was associated with seizure outcome in patients with mTLE undergoing MRgLITT.

METHODS:

We performed preablation and postablation volumetric analyses of hippocampus, amygdala, piriform cortex, and ablation volumes in patients with mTLE who underwent MRgLITT at our institution from 2014 to 2019.

RESULTS:

Thirty nine patients with mTLE were analyzed. In univariate logistic regression, percent piriform cortex ablation was associated with International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) class 1 at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] 1.051, 95% CI [1.001-1.117], P = .045), whereas ablation volume, percent amygdala ablation, and percent hippocampus ablation were not (P > .05). At 1 year, ablation volume was associated with ILAE class 1 (OR 1.608, 95% CI [1.071-2.571], P = .021) while percent piriform cortex ablation became a trend (OR 1.050, 95% CI [0.994-1.109], P = .054), and both percent hippocampus ablation and percent amygdala ablation were not significantly associated with ILAE class 1 (P > .05). In multivariable logistic regression, only percent piriform cortex ablation was a significant predictor of seizure freedom at 6 months (OR 1.085, 95% CI [1.012-1.193], P = .019) and at 1 year (OR 1.074, 95% CI [1.003-1.178], P = .041).

CONCLUSION:

Piriform cortex ablation volume is associated with seizure outcome in patients with mTLE undergoing MRgLITT. The piriform cortex should be considered a high yield ablation target to achieve good seizure outcome.
Induction of a Columnar Liquid Crystal Phase at Low Temperature by Replacing Stearyl Groups with Oleyl Groups in a Discoid Molecule, and Efficient Chiral Amplification in the Liquid Crystal Phase
Authors: Kishikawa Keiki , Takebuchi Syunya , Takahashi Hikaru , Kohri Michinari
Published: May 2022

Replacement of stearyl groups with oleyl groups in a discoid molecule induced a rectangular columnar phase at low temperature. Although the molecule has no hydrogen bonding sites, the induced liquid crystal phase showed a highly efficient chiral amplification. The helical packing structure was postulated based on its X-ray diffraction profile and circular dichroism spectra.
Polyphosphoester/Tannic Acid Composite Sticky Coacervates as Adhesives
Authors: Cheng Yichen , Ueda Masato , Iwasaki Yasuhiko
Published: May 2022

To obtain adhesive coacervates with biodegradable polymers, sticky coacervates composed of water soluble polyphosphoester (PPE) and tannic acid (TA) were prepared. According to the multiple hydrogen bonding acceptor sites in the repeating unit of PPE, a coacervate can spontaneously form by mixing PPE with TA in aqueous media. The coacervate could work as an adhesive for titanium plates. Furthermore, an average maximum shear bond strength of 1.6 MPa was observed.
Thuja ×soeegaardii (Cupressaceae) – a new name for an old hybrid
Authors: Kosiński Piotr , Tomaszewski Dominik , Zieliński Jerzy
Published: May 2022

Thuja ×soeegaardii, a hybrid of Th. plicata Donn ex D.Don and Th. standishii (Gordon) Carrière, is described as a new nothospecies from the Kórnik Arboretum, Poland, based on plants obtained in 1988 from the Botanical Garden in Gothenburg, Sweden. The hybrid was found for the first time at the Hørsholm Arboretum, Denmark, in 1938, among seedlings grown from seeds collected from Thuja standishii. Plants grown from rooted scions of this hybrid were planted in several places within the Hørsholm Arboretum. Soon, the hybrid plants were gifted to the Botanical Gardens in Copenhagen and Gothenburg as well to the Poulsen’s Plant Nursery in Kvistgård. In 1967 seedlings were sent from Kvistgård to the National Ar­boretum in Washington, where one of them developed into a particularly showy, lush and vigorous plant characterized by a dense, narrow, conical crown. The offspring obtained from rooted scions turned out to be very drought and wind-resistant, especially suitable for the formation of tall hedges and windbreak screens. This plant, now very widespread in cultivation, especially in the United States, goes by the name of Thuja ‘Green Giant’. In terms of morphology, many features of Th. ×soeegaardii are intermediate as compared to the parent species. From the Th. plicata, it differs by the following characteristics: leaves not or only weakly shining above, lateral leaves with inwardly curved (not straight) apices, the apical part of lower central leaves thickened and slightly bent from the stem (not appressed), glands on central leaves only weakly vis­ible, central leaves of primary shoots acuminate (not long acuminate) and seed wings sparsely papillose in the upper part (only rarely smooth). From Th. standishii, it can be distinguished by the less glaucous upper leaf surface, the less protruding apical part of lower central leaves, at least faintly visible glands on central leaves, acuminate (not acute) central leaves of primary shoots and less distinctly papillose upper part of seed wings.
Working Paper 38: Cryptocurrencies in Asia and beyond: law, regulation and enforcement
Authors: Paesano Federico , Siron Dorothy
Published: May 2022

The crypto industry has exploded in recent years, and authorities in different countries have been reacting in very different ways. Some have banned cryptocurrencies, while others are embracing them to varying degrees. Some are working hard to align their anti-money laundering regulations with FATF standards, while others are turning a blind eye. A few countries have confiscated huge quantities of crypto assets linked to crime and money laundering. Others are at square one in terms of enforcement, risking becoming a hub for crypto crime and money laundering and posing a serious vulnerability in the world’s financial system.

This Working Paper draws on a detailed analysis of how selected countries are addressing legal, regulatory and enforcement issues around cryptocurrencies and other virtual assets. The analysis is focused on Asia, but set in the context of global trends in crypto law, regulation and enforcement. It explores critical questions that will shape policies around virtual assets at the corporate, national and international levels:

What is working in terms of crypto regulation and enforcement?

What are the implications of different policy choices on crypto assets – for the industry, for the countries themselves and for global financial integrity as a whole?

What would the crypto wave possibly bring next?

The Paper also highlights broader developments needed to bring light and clarity to laws, policies and practices around the crypto industry, such as collaboration between both market players and governments.

Jurisdictions touched upon in this Working Paper alphabetically include Bhutan, Central African Republic, El Salvador, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, the Philippines, the People’s Republic of China, Thailand, Ukraine and Vietnam.

A list of key terms and abbreviations have been prepared in the Annex to this Working Paper for the readers’ easy reference.

About this Working Paper

This Working Paper is a collaboration between Dorothy Siron, Co-Managing Partner, Zhong Lun Law Firm LLP and Federico Paesano, Senior Financial Investigation Specialist, Basel Institute on Governance.

Dorothy Siron provided the bulk of the analysis and discussion, while Federico Paesano provided a selection of case studies and was co-author of the seven recommendations contained in section 4. The collaboration was facilitated by the International Academy of Financial Crime Litigators, an independent, non-partisan global centre that shapes and advances financial crime litigation practices for the future.
The role of IL-1β in the development of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zaiats Liubomyr , Fedorchenko Yuliya , Zukow Walery
Published: May 2022

Background. Currently, diabetes mellitus is the most common of all endocrine diseases with increasing tendency. The purpose of our research was to study the dynamics of serum levels of proinflammatory cytokine-IL-1β in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on 88 white male Wistar rats weighing 170-210 g. Animals were divided into three groups: 1 - intact; 2 - control; 3 - experimental with a model of diabetes mellitus, which was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin by “Sigma" company (USA), diluted in 0.1 M citrate buffer with a pH of 4.5, at a rate of 60 mg/kg body weight. The control group of animals received an intraperitoneal injection with an equivalent dose of 0.1 M citrate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5.

All studies were performed under thiopental-sodium anesthesia at a rate of 60 mg/kg body weight. Serum levels of IL-1β were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Elabscience, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions 14, 28, 42 and 70 days after streptozotocin injection. The STATISTICA 10 program was used for statistical processing of the obtained results. Results. Conducted biochemical analysis showed that in animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes there was an increase in the content of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β compared with similar indicators in the control group of animals at all stages of the experiment: after 14 days by 22.5%, after 28 days by 40.2%, after 42 days by 72.8% and after 70 days by 107.2%. Conclusion. The obtained results suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β plays one of the leading roles in the pathogenesis of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, as indicated by a significant increase in serum of this cytokine at all stages of the experiment.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN ES KRIM HERBAL DAN INOVASI KEMASAN PRODUK JAMU DI DUSUN KIRINGAN-JETIS, BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Widyowati Retno , Ekasari Wiwied , Purwitasari Neny , Widyawaruyanti Aty , Sukardiman Sukardiman , Wahyuningsih Iis
Published: May 2022

Dusun Kiringan-Jetis, Bantul, merupakan desa wisata jamu gendong dengan penduduk mayoritas berprofesi sebagai pengrajin jamu. Jamu yang mereka jual secara turun-temurun terbatas dalam bentuk jadi dan setengah jadi. Perlu adanya peningkatan diversifikasi produk jamu untuk meningkatkan nilai jualnya. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan usaha dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan mengembangkan produk jamu yang akan dijual.Â Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan dari kegiatan ini maka dilakukan upaya: (1) Edukasi dan pelatihanÂ ketrampilan membuat es krim herbal dan (2) edukasi dan pelatihan ketrampilan membuat inovasi kemasan produk jamu yang aman dan menarik.Tim pelaksana kegiatan ini terdiri dari dosen dan mahasiswa S1 Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Airlangga dan Universitas Ahmad Dahlan.Â Dari kegiatan tersebut terlihat antusias para peserta pelatihan, peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam pembuatan es krim herbal dan inovasi kemasan produk. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan skorÂ post-testsetelah dilakukan pelatihan.Besar harapan para peserta kegiatan untuk dapat mengaplikasikan pengetahuan yang didapat sehingga dapat meningkatan perekonomian Dusun Kiringan-Jetis, Yogyakarta
PEMBERDAYAAN KADER DALAM EMERGENCY FIRST AID PENANGANAN HENTI JANTUNG KORBAN TENGGELAM PADA WILAYAH PERSISIR TARAKAN
Authors: Ose Maria Imaculata , Lesmana Hendy , Parman Dewy Haryanti , Tukan Ramdya Akbar
Published: May 2022

Penduduk yang berdomisili di daerah pesisir mayoritas bepekerjaan sebagai nelayan yang memiliki resiko tenggelam. Selain itu pantai menjadi tujuan wisata lokal yang cukup sering dikunjungi. Melihat dari situasi resiko tinggi kegawatdaruratan terjadinya tenggelam dan henti jantung. Keterlambatan penanganan dalam 10 menit menyebabkan kondisi iskemia pada jaringan otak menyebabkan kegagalan sirkulasi jantung yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam penanganan pertama pada korban henti jantung maupun tenggelam. Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pembinaan kader kesehatan dalam penanganan henti jantung dan korban tenggelam dalam lingkungan wilayah persisir Kota Tarakan menjadi sangat penting. Emergency First Aid Course merupakan kegiatan pelatihan dalam penanganan bantuan hidup dasar. Tujuan dilakukan kegiatan ini meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan terkait dengan penanganan pertama pada penangganan tenggelam maupun korban henti jantung. Kegiatan ini meliputi pemberian materi dan pelatihan penangan bantuan hidup pada pasien henti jantung maupun tenggelam dan dalam kegiatan ini akan disusun sebuah modul yang dapat menjadi sumber informasi bagi kader dan masyarakat sekitar persisir Kota Tarakan.
MENINGKATKAN DERAJAT KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI DUSUN PRINGGOLAYAN DENGAN MENERAPKAN 5 PILAR STBM
Authors: Faizal rangkuti Ahmad , Viaril Karimah Bella , Aninda Putri Dandi
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan kesehatan dipengaruhi oleh banyak hal, baik yang bersifat internal (dari dalam diri manusia) maupun yang bersifat eksternal (dari luar diri manusia). Salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat yaitu melalui program nasional sanitasi total berbasis masyarakat (STBM). Menurut Permenkes RI No. 3 Tahun 2014 menjelaskan bahwa STBM adalah pendekatan untuk mengubah perilaku hygienis dan saniter melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan cara pemicuan. Kegiatan pengabdian didahului dengan komunikasi dan sosialisasi rencana kegiatan. Pengambilan data masyarakat untuk mengetahui gambaran umum terkait permasalahan kesehatan lingkungan yang ada di Dusun Pringgolayan khususnya di RT 01, 02 dan 13 dengan metode survei dan observasi lapangan dari rumah ke rumah untuk mendapatkan data dengan panduan kuesioner lembar cheklist. Data yang sudah diperolehÂ  kemudian diolah menjadi bahan untuk penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Warga sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan ini. Berdasarkan hasil uji Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai p-value sebesar 0,000 (<0,05), artinya ada peningkatan pengetahuan yang bermakna antara sebelum (77%) dan sesudah (91%) diberikan penyuluhan. Warga Dusun Pringgolayan dapat memahami dengan baik pentingnya STBM.
PELATIHAN PERSONAL HYGIENE PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI DESA HARGOREJO, KECAMATAN KOKAP, KULON PROGO, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Gustina Erni , Septia Depti , Sari Bakti Permata , Afriani Erika Prisilia
Published: May 2022

Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) merupakan langkah ampuh untuk menangkal penyakit, agar terbebas dari berbagai macam penyakit. Perilaku sehat dan kebersihan salah satunya dengan menjaga kebersihan diri sendiri (Personal hygiene). Personal hygiene yang buruk dapat disebabkan oleh pengetahuan yang kurang baik. Tujuan kegiatan pengabidan adalah memberikan edukasi dan pelatihan tentang personal hygiene pada anak usia sekolah. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan selama 2 hari yaitu tanggal 11-12 Februari 2020. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan berjalan dengan baik dan anak-anak antusias dalam mengikuti pelatihan tersebut. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan demonstrasi cuci tangan dengan benar menggunakan sabun. Pada akhir sesi pelatihan, diharapkan adanya komitmen dari pihak skeolah dna juga anak-anak untuk terus menerapkan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dengan menjaga kkebersihan diri sendiri.
Improving parents and teachers' knowledge about household organic waste composting
Authors: Widiarti Ika Wahyuning , Ardiati Aulia Syifa
Published: May 2022

Most people still underestimate organic waste, so this waste always ends up in the Landfill. How to process organic waste into compost has been widely informed. However, community participation in self-managing organic waste has still not increased. Therefore, this community service activity aims to provide knowledge about household organic waste processing. The methods used in this program include lectures and discussions, demonstrations, and pre-post tests for evaluation. This program was carried out on November 30, 2019, with participants' targets, namely parents and teachers of Permata Hatiku School. This program was carried out on November 30, 2019, with participants' targets, namely parents and teachers of Permata Hatiku School. The various composting methods presented in the lectures include the composter bin method, Takamura, bio-pore, and jugangan (holes) in the ground. In addition, it also explained the basic principles of composting and how to make a bio-starter. The demonstration was carried out by practicing how to make a natural bio-starter known as local microorganisms (MOL) from rotten fruits. Composting was demonstrated by using the composter bin method with kitchen waste. The participant well-received the program materials. An increase in the post-test score marks it compared to the pre-test score.
Characteristics and Treatment Methods of Bell’s Palsy in Patients Visiting Korean Medicine Hospitals From August 2018 to July 2021
Authors: Choi Hyeon Kyu , Kim Min Ju , Lee Young Rok , Cha Hyun Ji , Jang Hyun Jin , Kim So Jeong , Jeon Ju Hyun , Kim Young Il
Published: May 2022

Background: This study was designed to statistically analyze the data of patients who had Bell’s palsy (BP) who visited a Korean Medicine hospital in the last 3 years to determine the tendency or characteristics of their visit.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 816 patients. Based on the data collected through medical records demographics, condition/disease, and therapeutic characteristics of the patients were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 23.0.Results: Patients in their teens or younger, and 50s or older had a higher frequency of inpatient treatment, and 20s to 40s had a higher rate of outpatient treatment. The proportion of men who received steroid combination treatment was higher than women. The number of patients with BP, and the total treatment period of the patients has decreased every year. The total treatment period was shorter in the steroid group than the Korean medicine alone group. Inpatients were more likely to receive steroid combination therapy than outpatients. The proportion of patients who received steroid combination therapy was higher than patients with recurrence of BP. Patients with hypertension or diabetes had a higher rate of hospitalization and received more treatments than patients without the condition/disease.Conclusion: Visit characteristics and treatment methods preferred by patients with BP were identified. This research may help to establish a treatment model for BP in Korean Medicine institutions in the future.
Off-axis common-path digital holography using a cube beam splitter
Authors: Li Yunhao , Liu Lei , Liu Yizhe , Wang Mengyao , Zhong Zhi , Shan Mingguang
Published: May 2022

An off-axis common-path digital holography is built up by inserting a 45° tilted cube beam splitter (CBS) into a

4
f

system that is described in this paper. Two apertures are set as the input of the

4
f

system, where one supports the object, and the other is vacant. The CBS divides the incoming beam into two copies, which are symmetrical with each other along the semi-reflecting layer. Due to the separation of two beams in a Fourier plane and the flipping of the field of view induced by the CBS, an off-axis hologram can be captured. Moreover, the carrier frequency can be easily modulated by translating the CBS perpendicular to the optical axis. The new proposed scheme has high light utilization, a compact setup, and high temporal stability. The experiments are carried out to demonstrate the validity and stability of the proposed method.
Interference of two-photon transitions induced by XUV light
Authors: Žitnik M. , Mihelič A. , Bučar K. , Krušič Š. , Squibb R. , Feifel R. , Ismail I. , Lablanquie P. , Palaudoux J. , Plekan O. , Di Fraia M. , Coreno M. , Manfredda M. , Simoncig A. , Rebernik Ribič P. , Sottocorona F. , Allaria E. , Prince K. C. , Callegari C. , Penent F.
Published: May 2022

The relative phase of first (

ω
1

) and third harmonics (

ω
3

) extreme ultraviolet light pulses was varied to control the population of the

2

s
2

state in helium through the interference of

ω
1

+

ω
1

and

ω
3

−

ω
1

two-photon excitation paths. The population was monitored by observing the total electron yield due to the

2

s
2

autoionization decay. Maximum yield occurs when the relative phase of the two harmonics matches the phase difference of complex atomic amplitudes governing the two excitation paths. The calculated trend of atomic phase differences agrees well with the measured data in the spectral region of the resonance, provided that time-reversed

−

ω
1

+

ω
3

path is also taken into account. These results open the way to accessing phase differences of two-photon ionization paths involving energetically distant intermediate states and to perform interferometry in the extreme ultraviolet range by monitoring final state populations.
Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Song Ji Hyun , Kim Young Sun , Choi Su-Yeon , Yang Sun Young
Published: May 2022

Background and aim

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis and to assess the risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in GERD patients.

Methods

A total of 16616 subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2003 to 2017 and a cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan within one year were included in this study. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by the coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The severity of GERD was evaluated based on endoscopic findings using the Los Angeles classification.

Results

The proportion of high CACSs (≥100) increased significantly in subjects with severe GERD (p= 0.008). However, the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD (OR = 1.007, 95% CI 0.857–1.182), nor did that of GERD increase the risk of a high CACS (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 0.865–1.198). The risk factors for a high CACS in GERD patients included age (OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.066–1.109), male sex (OR = 5.645, 95% CI 2.561–12.446), hypertension (OR = 1.800, 95% CI 1.325–2.446), and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.684, 95% CI 1.213–2.338).

Conclusions

Although the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD or vice versa, the proportion of high CACSs was significantly higher in subjects with severe GERD. Therefore, it might be helpful to assess the CACS in GERD patients with multiple risk factors.
The use of anticoagulants for rodent control in a mixed-use urban environment in Singapore: A controlled interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Soh Stacy , Chua Cliff , Griffiths Jane , Oh Penny , Chow John , Chan Qianyi , Tan Jason , Aik Joel
Published: May 2022

Vector control remains an important strategy in preventing rodent-borne diseases. Studies quantifying the impact of anticoagulant bait use on rodent populations are scarce in tropical settings. This study examined the impact of anticoagulant bait use on three measures of rodent activity in Singapore to inform rodent-borne disease control strategies. Using a controlled interrupted time-series analytical design with negative binomial and linear regression models, the average rodent activity levels were compared in the pre- and post-intervention periods. There was a 62.7% (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR): 0.373, 95% CI: [0.224, 0.620]) reduction in the number of rodents caught, a 25.8-unit (coefficient = -25.829, 95% CI: [-29.855, -21.804]) reduction in the number of 30 g/unit baits consumed and a 61.9% (IRR: 0.381, 95% CI: [0.218, 0.665]) reduction in the number of marred bait stations relative to the pre-intervention period. There was a rise in all three outcome measures within four months after the post-intervention period. This study provided strong evidence that anticoagulant baits substantially reduces rodent activity. The population resurgence after the post-intervention period reinforces the importance of timing the resumption of control measures aimed at reducing rodent-borne disease transmission.
Reciprocity, transitivity, and skew: Comparing local structure in 40 positive and negative social networks
Authors: McMillan Cassie , Felmlee Diane , Ashford James R.
Published: May 2022

While most social network research focuses on positive relational ties, such as friendship and information exchange, scholars are beginning to examine the dark side of human interaction, where negative connections represent different forms of interpersonal conflict, intolerance, and abuse. Despite this recent work, the extent to which positive and negative social network structure differs remains unclear. The current project considers whether a network’s small-scale, structural patterns of reciprocity, transitivity, and skew, or its “structural signature,” can distinguish positive versus negative links. Using exponential random graph models (ERGMs), we examine these differences across a sample of twenty distinct, negative networks and generate comparisons with a related set of twenty positive graphs. Relational ties represent multiple types of interaction such as like versus dislike in groups of adults, friendship versus cyberaggression among adolescents, and agreements versus disputes in online interaction. We find that both positive and negative networks contain more reciprocated dyads than expected by random chance. At the same time, patterns of transitivity define positive but not negative graphs, and negative networks tend to exhibit heavily skewed degree distributions. Given the unique structural signatures of many negative graphs, our results highlight the need for further theoretical and empirical research on the patterns of harmful interaction.
Ownership structure and financial performance: Evidence from Kenyan commercial banks
Authors: Kirimi Peter Njagi , Kariuki Samuel Nduati , Ocharo Kennedy Nyabuto
Published: May 2022

The study examined the relationship between ownership structure and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya for the period 2009–2020. The data were collected from audited financial statements of 39 commercial banks in Kenya. Regression results found strong evidence on ownership structures in explaining the differences in commercial banks’ financial performance. The results established that the greatest influence of ownership structures was on net interest margin at 53.04% and return on assets at 31.37%. Influence of ownership structures was found to be low on return on equity at 3.32% and earnings per share at 2.13%. The results found a negative association between state ownership and net interest margin, negative association between management ownership and both net interest margin and earnings per share, negative association between institutional ownership and return on assets and a negative association between foreign ownership and earnings per share. Based on the findings, commercial banks should vary their ownership structures to boost financial performance. Secondly, banks with high percentage of state ownership should consider partial privatization to improve corporate governance practices. Third, banks should adopt managerial ownership policy limiting the proportion of equity stock on executives to limit their powers in strategic decision making. Fourth, the study proposes a percentage limit on equity stock of an individual institutional investor. Lastly, the study proposes that bank’s management to come up with a policy detailing the role and place of foreign investors in strategic decision making to ensure their presence in every decision undertaken by bank managers.
Outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation following the 2018 adult heart allocation policy
Authors: Kim Samuel T. , Xia Yu , Tran Zachary , Hadaya Joseph , Dobaria Vishal , Choi Chun Woo , Benharash Peyman
Published: May 2022

Background

The purpose of the study was to characterize changes in waitlist and post-transplant outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients bridged to heart transplantation under the 2018 adult heart allocation policy.

Methods

All adult patients listed for isolated heart transplantation from August 2016 to December 2020 were identified using the United Network for Organ Sharing database. Patients were stratified into Eras (Era 1 and Era 2) centered around the policy change on October 18, 2018. Competing risk regression was used to evaluate waitlist death or deterioration across Eras. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine associations between use of ECMO and 1-year post-transplant mortality within each Era.

Results

Of 8,902 heart transplants included in analysis, 339 (3.8%) were bridged with ECMO (Era 2: 6.1% vs Era 1: 1.2%, P<0.001). Patients bridged with ECMO in Era 2 were less frequently female (26.0% vs 42.0%, P = 0.02) and experienced shorter waitlist times (5 vs 11 days, P<0.001) along with a lower likelihood of waitlist death or deterioration (subdistribution hazard ratio, 0.45, 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.30–0.68, P<0.001) compared to those in Era 1. Use of ECMO was associated with increased post-transplant mortality at 1-year compared to all other transplants in Era 1 (hazard ratio 3.78, 95% CI 1.88–7.61, P < 0.001) but not Era 2.

Conclusions

Patients bridged with ECMO in Era 2 experience improved waitlist and post-transplant outcomes compared to Era 1, giving credence to the increased use of ECMO under the new allocation policy.
Efectividad del corticoide intratimpánico en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Ménière. Estudio de cohortes.
Authors: González-Zapatero Jesús María , Fernández-Nava María José , Ferreira-Cendón Sofía , González-Sánchez Enrique , Serradilla-López José Manuel , Batuecas-Caletrío Ángel
Published: May 2022

Introducción y objetivo: La enfermedad de Ménière (EM) es una patología auditiva crónica que se caracteriza por la presencia de hipoacusia, vértigo episódico y tinnitus. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la mejora auditiva y la disminución de las crisis vertiginosas en pacientes con enfermedad de Ménière tras la administración de corticoide intratimpánico (CIT).
Método: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo, de una muestra de 55 pacientes diagnosticados con EM definitiva y tratados con corticoide intratimpánico.
Resultados: De los 39 pacientes que fueron tratados con CIT por las crisis de vértigo, al mes, 27 no sufrieron ninguna crisis, 11 pocas (<5) y solamente 1 paciente tuvo varias crisis (5-10). A los seis meses de la primera inyección, 19 no padecieron crisis de vértigo, 13 pocas, 5 varias y 2 muchas crisis (>10). Los pacientes tratados con CIT por hipoacusia fueron 16 y reflejaron una media de pérdida auditiva de 46,61 dB previa al tratamiento. Al mes de la inyección, la media de la pérdida fue de 42,77 dB (1,84) y a los seis meses de 41,66 dB (2,95).
Discusión: El beneficio audiométrico obtenido es de ?3 dB y se refleja una clara disminución del número de crisis vertiginosas tras la administración de CIT, otros autores en sus estudios han obtenido resultados similares a los nuestros.
Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados evidencian que el corticoide intratimpánico es una terapia efectiva para el control de las crisis vertiginosas y la pérdida de audición.
Relación cuerpo-juegodisciplina y educación
Authors: Herrera Mariela De Jesús
Published: May 2022

Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre la relación entre los conceptos de cuerpo y juego que, desde el inicio de la modernidad, subyace en los discursos de los educadores sobre las reglas disciplinarias de comportamiento en el aula. Re-conceptualizaciones de estos conceptos se presentan desde la perspectiva socio-cultual-histórica y su aplicación en la pedagogia dialógica que se mira como una alternativa para transformar las prácticas pedagógicas en el aula.