bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The differences of the acromiohumeral interval between supine and upright radiographs of the shoulder
Authors: Sanguanjit Prakasit , Apivatgaroon Adinun , Boonsun Phanuwat , Srimongkolpitak Surasak , Chernchujit Bancha
Published: June 2022

The acromiohumeral interval (AHI) is a measurement used to determine the superior migration of the humeral head in rotator cuff (RC) tear patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the AHI of; supine, upright shoulder radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the shoulder. The 86 shoulders were divided into 3 groups that included; (1) non-full thickness tear (50%), (2) full thickness (FT) tear ≤3 cm (33.7%), and (3) FT tear > 3 cm (16.3%). The mean difference of AHI noted was significantly lower in the supine radiographs and MRIs than with the upright (1.34–1.37 mm, 1.62–1.87 mm, respectively). Upright AHI ≤ 7.0 mm had 27.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity in diagnosing FT tears with 64% accuracy (p < 0.001). The supine AHI ≤ 6.5 mm had 32.6% sensitivity, 100.0% specificity, and 66.3% accuracy (p < 0.01). The results revealed the AHI in supine radiographs were significantly lower than upright shoulder radiographs. For AHI ≤ 7 mm in upright shoulder radiographs, this remains as an appropriate diagnostic test for ruling in shoulders with full thickness rotator cuff tears. This value was not relevant for use as the cut point in the supine radiographs and MRIs.
Original karst tiankeng with underground virgin forest as an inaccessible refugia originated from a degraded surface flora in Yunnan, China
Authors: Shui Wei , Chen Yiping , Jian Xiaomei , Jiang Cong , Wang Qianfeng , Zeng Yue , Zhu Sufeng , Guo Pingping , Li Hui
Published: June 2022

Karst tiankengs are rare natural habitats, having a local microclimate different from surrounding regions. A contrast study on plant communities at the inside and outside of the primitive tiankeng was carried out by performing the qualitative analysis of species compositions of arborous and shrub layers. We found that plant communities in the primitive tiankeng belong to the subtropical moist evergreen broad-leaf forest, whereas those outside the tiankeng belong to subtropical semi-moist needle-broadleaved mixed forest. Trapped habitat of primitive karst tiankeng protects the plant communities significantly different from those in external karst ecosystems, so karst tiankeng has the great value in the plant species protection. Although the trapped habitat decreases plant species abundance inside tiankeng to some extent, highly diverse shrub species are present in the inside-tiankeng plant communities, and the primitive karst tiankeng plays an important role in the plant diversity protection. The primitive karst tiankeng is an important refugia for plant not only as a plant species protection library, but a plant diversity protection library. When implementing measures for the reduction of damages to biodiversity due to global climate changes and human activities, more attention should be paid to the primitive karst tiankeng as a small ecological refugia and biodiversity protection library.
Platelets from patients with visceral obesity promote colon cancer growth
Authors: Cariello Marica , Piccinin Elena , Pasculli Emanuela , Arconzo Maria , Zerlotin Roberta , D’Amore Simona , Mastropasqua Francesca , Peres Claudia , Graziano Giusi , Villani Gaetano , Pesole Graziano , Moschetta Antonio
Published: June 2022

Several studies highlighted the importance of platelets in the tumor microenvironment due to their ability to interact with other cell types such as leukocytes, endothelial, stromal and cancer cells. Platelets can influence tumor development and metastasis formation through several processes consisting of the secretion of growth factors and cytokines and/or via direct interaction with cancer cells and endothelium. Patients with visceral obesity (VO) are susceptible to pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states and to development of cancer, especially colon cancer. These findings provide us with the impetus to analyze the role of platelets isolated from VO patients in tumor growth and progression with the aim to explore a possible link between platelet activation, obesity and colon cancer. Here, using xenograft colon cancer models, we prove that platelets from patients with visceral obesity are able to strongly promote colon cancer growth. Then, sequencing platelet miRNome, we identify miR-19a as the highest expressed miRNA in obese subjects and prove that miR-19a is induced in colon cancer. Last, administration of miR-19a per se in the xenograft colon cancer model is able to promote colon cancer growth. We thus elect platelets with their specific miRNA abundance as important factors in the tumor promoting microenvironment of patients with visceral obesity.
Host gut resistome in Gulf War chronic multisymptom illness correlates with persistent inflammation
Authors: Bose Dipro , Chatterjee Somdatta , Older Ethan , Seth Ratanesh , Janulewicz Patricia , Saha Punnag , Mondal Ayan , Carlson Jeffrey M. , Decho Alan W. , Sullivan Kimberly , Klimas Nancy , Lasley Stephen , Li Jie , Chatterjee Saurabh
Published: June 2022

Chronic multisymptom illness (CMI) affects a subsection of elderly and war Veterans and is associated with systemic inflammation. Here, using a mouse model of CMI and a group of Gulf War (GW) Veterans’ with CMI we show the presence of an altered host resistome. Results show that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are significantly altered in the CMI group in both mice and GW Veterans when compared to control. Fecal samples from GW Veterans with persistent CMI show a significant increase of resistance to a wide class of antibiotics and exhibited an array of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) distinct from normal healthy controls. The altered resistome and gene signature is correlated with mouse serum IL-6 levels. Altered resistome in mice also is correlated strongly with intestinal inflammation, decreased synaptic plasticity, reversible with fecal microbiota transplant (FMT). The results reported might help in understanding the risks to treating hospital acquired infections in this population.
Somatic point mutations are enriched in non-coding RNAs with possible regulatory function in breast cancer
Authors: Rezaie Narges , Bayati Masroor , Hamidi Mehrab , Tahaei Maedeh Sadat , Khorasani Sadegh , Lovell Nigel H. , Breen James , Rabiee Hamid R. , Alinejad-Rokny Hamid
Published: June 2022

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) form a large portion of the mammalian genome. However, their biological functions are poorly characterized in cancers. In this study, using a newly developed tool, SomaGene, we analyze de novo somatic point mutations from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) whole-genome sequencing data of 1,855 breast cancer samples. We identify 1030 candidates of ncRNAs that are significantly and explicitly mutated in breast cancer samples. By integrating data from the ENCODE regulatory features and FANTOM5 expression atlas, we show that the candidate ncRNAs significantly enrich active chromatin histone marks (1.9 times), CTCF binding sites (2.45 times), DNase accessibility (1.76 times), HMM predicted enhancers (2.26 times) and eQTL polymorphisms (1.77 times). Importantly, we show that the 1030 ncRNAs contain a much higher level (3.64 times) of breast cancer-associated genome-wide association (GWAS) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) than genome-wide expectation. Such enrichment has not been seen with GWAS SNPs from other cancers. Using breast cell line related Hi-C data, we then show that 82% of our candidate ncRNAs (1.9 times) significantly interact with the promoter of protein-coding genes, including previously known cancer-associated genes, suggesting the critical role of candidate ncRNA genes in the activation of essential regulators of development and differentiation in breast cancer. We provide an extensive web-based resource (https://www.ihealthe.unsw.edu.au/research) to communicate our results with the research community. Our list of breast cancer-specific ncRNA genes has the potential to provide a better understanding of the underlying genetic causes of breast cancer. Lastly, the tool developed in this study can be used to analyze somatic mutations in all cancers.
Repeated introduction of micropollutants enhances microbial succession despite stable degradation patterns
Authors: Izabel-Shen Dandan , Li Shuang , Luo Tingwei , Wang Jianjun , Li Yan , Sun Qian , Yu Chang-Ping , Hu Anyi
Published: June 2022

The increasing-volume release of micropollutants into natural surface waters has raised great concern due to their environmental accumulation. Persisting micropollutants can impact multiple generations of organisms, but their microbially-mediated degradation and their influence on community assembly remain understudied. Here, freshwater microbes were treated with several common micropollutants, alone or in combination, and then transferred every 5 days to fresh medium containing the same micropollutants to mimic the repeated exposure of microbes. Metabarcoding of 16S rRNA gene makers was chosen to study the succession of bacterial assemblages following micropollutant exposure. The removal rates of micropollutants were then measured to assess degradation capacity of the associated communities. The degradation of micropollutants did not accelerate over time but altered the microbial community composition. Community assembly was dominated by stochastic processes during early exposure, via random community changes and emergence of seedbanks, and deterministic processes later in the exposure, via advanced community succession. Early exposure stages were characterized by the presence of sensitive microorganisms such as Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes, which were then replaced by more tolerant bacteria such as Bacteroidetes and Gammaproteobacteria. Our findings have important implication for ecological feedback between microbe-micropollutants under anthropogenic climate change scenarios.
Cyclodextrin metal–organic frameworks and derivatives: recent developments and applications
Authors: Dummert Sarah V. , Saini Haneesh , Hussain Mian Zahid , Yadava Khushboo , Jayaramulu Kolleboyina , Casini Angela , Fischer Roland A.
Published: June 2022

In this review, we provide an elaborate overview of the state-of-the-art synthesis, design, properties and applications of cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs), CD-MOF hybrids and materials derived from CD-MOFs.
Recent progress in organic antiambipolar transistor development: fundamentals and applications
Authors: Wakayama Yutaka , Kim Chang-Hyun , Panigrahi Debdatta , Hayakawa Ryoma
Published: June 2022

Novel device architectures are opening a new frontier of flexible organic electronics with high integration density, data processability and optical responsivity.
Self-assembled benzoselenadiazole-capped tripeptide hydrogels with inherent in vitro anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity
Authors: Ghosh Tapas , Wang Shu , Kashyap Dharmendra , Jadhav Rohit G. , Rit Tanmay , Jha Hem Chandra , Cousins Brian G. , Das Apurba K.
Published: June 2022

Heterocyclic aromatic benzoselenadiazole (BSe)-capped tripeptides self-assemble to form hydrogels and exhibit in vitro anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
Chemoselective and enantioselective fluorescent identification of specific amino acid enantiomers
Authors: Pu Lin
Published: June 2022

Chiral fluorescent probes have been developed for chemoselective as well as enantioselective recognition of specific amino acid enantiomers including glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, histidine, lysine and tryptophan.
Grazing incidence fast atom and molecule diffraction: theoretical challenges
Authors: Díaz Cristina , Gravielle María Silvia
Published: June 2022

In this article, we review the theoretical methods used to simulate and analyze grazing-incidence fast atom and molecule diffraction, focusing on their weaknesses and strengths, as well as the theoretical challenges that still need to be addressed.
A photoinduced mixed valence photoswitch
Authors: Cotic Agustina , Cerfontaine Simon , Slep Leonardo D. , Elias Benjamin , Troian-Gautier Ludovic , Cadranel Alejandro
Published: June 2022

The ground and photoinduced mixed valence states of a dinuclear ruthenium(ii) complex were investigated using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, electrochemistry and DFT. A Class II excited state contrasts with a Class I ground state.
Sparfloxacin – Cu(ii) – aromatic heterocyclic complexes: synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer evaluation
Authors: Liu Qi-Yan , Qi Yong-Yu , Cai Dai-Hong , Liu Yun-Jun , He Liang , Le Xue-Yi
Published: June 2022

Two new ternary sparfloxacin copper(ii) complexes induce apoptosis of Eca-109 cells through DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Factors influencing stoichiometry and stability of polyoxometalate – peptide complexes
Authors: Greijer Björn H. , Nestor Gustav , Eriksson Jan E. , Seisenbaeva Gulaim A. , Kessler Vadim G.
Published: June 2022

The effects of concentration, acidity, salinity and temperature on the composition and structure of Keggin POM peptide complexes have been investigated.
Achieving ultrahigh energy storage density and efficiency in 0.90NaNbO3–0.10BaTiO3 ceramics via a composition modification strategy
Authors: Wang Hua , Li Enzhu , Xing Mengjiang , Zhong Chaowei
Published: June 2022

Ceramic capacitors feature great power density, fast charge/discharge rates, and excellent thermal stability.
Relationships between supermicrometer particle concentrations and cloud water sea salt and dust concentrations: analysis of MONARC and ACTIVATE data
Authors: Gonzalez Marisa E. , Corral Andrea F. , Crosbie Ewan , Dadashazar Hossein , Diskin Glenn S. , Edwards Eva-Lou , Kirschler Simon , Moore Richard H. , Robinson Claire E. , Schlosser Joseph S. , Shook Michael , Stahl Connor , Thornhill Kenneth L. , Voigt Christiane , Winstead Edward , Ziemba Luke D. , Sorooshian Armin
Published: June 2022

Airborne field data are used to examine relationships between giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN) and cloud composition to advance knowledge of poorly characterized GCCN–cloud interactions.
Imidazole additives in 2D halide perovskites: impacts of –CN versus –CH3 substituents reveal the mediation of crystal growth by phase buffering
Authors: Yu Shuang , Meng Jie , Pan Qinying , Zhao Qian , Pullerits Tõnu , Yang Yingguo , Zheng Kaibo , Liang Ziqi
Published: June 2022

A cyano-based DCI additive induces phase-buffering during the crystallization growth process of 2D halide perovskites, which effectively suppresses interphase strain, enhances lattice orientation and reduces trap-state density, delivering an outstanding and stable efficiency of ∼17.0% (n = 4).
Tetra-coordinated boron-appended zinc(ii)-salen: a highly selective fluorescence-based sensor for Sm3+ ions via sensitization
Authors: Nayak Prakash , Murali Anna Chandrasekar , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli , Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan
Published: June 2022

Selective detection of Sm3+ ion at a very low concentration is achieved using a tetra-coordinated boron appended Zinc(salen).
Tuning the electronic and magnetic properties of lizardite clay by chemical substitution
Authors: Gusmão Marta S. S. , Ghosh Angsula , Siloi Ilaria , Fornari Marco , Buongiorno Nardelli Marco
Published: June 2022

Spintronic application prospects and tuning of the electrical and magnetic properties obtained in substituted clay mineral lizardites.
Halide perovskite single crystals: growth, characterization, and stability for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Cho Yunae , Jung Hye Ri , Jo William
Published: June 2022

Metal halide perovskite materials have received significant attention as promising candidates for optoelectronic applications with tremendous potential, owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and facile solution-processed fabrication.
Surface modification of carbon nitride dots by nanoarchitectonics for better drug loading and higher cancer selectivity
Authors: Kirbas Cilingir Emel , Sankaran Meghana , Garber Jordan M. , Vallejo Frederic Anthony , Bartoli Mattia , Tagliaferro Alberto , Vanni Steven , Graham Regina M. , Leblanc Roger M.
Published: June 2022

Provides a chem/bio basis to understand surface functional group effects on nanocarriers & their cancer cellular uptake, helping to increase the <5% of nanomaterials clinically approved for personalized nanomedicine.
Purely organic phosphor sensitization for efficiency improvement in yellow fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Jang Ho Jin , Kim Cho Long , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: June 2022

Utilization of a purely organic based room-temperature phosphorescent (RTPH) emitter as a sensitizer was studied by employing it in yellow fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Enhancing the potential production of bioethanol with bamboo by γ-valerolactone/water pretreatment
Authors: Zhan Yawei , Wang Meixin , Ma Tengfei , Li Zhiqiang
Published: June 2022

In this study, the potential production of bamboo by the GVL/H2O system for ethanol production was investigated.
Novel Ta/chitosan-doped CuO nanorods for catalytic purification of industrial wastewater and antimicrobial applications
Authors: Ikram M. , Shahzadi A. , Hayat S. , Nabgan W. , Ul-Hamid A. , Haider A. , Noor M. , Goumri-Said Souraya , Kanoun Mohammed Benali , Ali S.
Published: June 2022

Novel tantalum (Ta) and chitosan (CS)-doped CuO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using a single step co-precipitation route.
One-step construction of Y, C, and O tridoped g-C3N4 as a bifunctional photocatalyst for H2 evolution and organic pollutant degradation under visible light irradiation
Authors: Hassan Ahmed E. , Hussien Mai S. A. , Elsayed Mohamed Hammad , Mohamed Mohamed Gamal , Kuo Shiao-Wei , Chou Ho-Hsiu , Yahia Ibrahim S. , Wang Genxinag , Wen Zhenhai
Published: June 2022

We successfully synthesized a series of Y, C, O tridoped g-C3N4 photocatalysts using a simple one-step thermal polymerization method as a bifunctional photocatalyst for H2 production and pollutant degradation under visible-light irradiation.
Levonorgestrel-protected Au8 and Au10 clusters with different antimicrobial abilities
Authors: Wang Yuan , Hua Yue , Shao Zi-Hui , Chen Xiaoyuan , Zhao Xueli , Zang Shuang-Quan
Published: June 2022

The antibacterial activities of Au8NCs and Au10NCs with the same atomic composition but different structures are studied, finding that the structure of gold nanoclusters has a great influence on their antimicrobial activity.
PUNISHER rs12318065 C>A transversion: a putative somatic driver mutation for poor prognosis in colon cancer
Authors: Shaheen Sameerah , Alshammari Eida M. , Mokhtar Sara H. , Alshanwani Aliah R. , Toraih Eman A. , Ibrahiem Afaf T. , Fawzy Manal S. , Maher Shymaa Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Objective: Colon cancer (CC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Several mutations/polymorphisms have been implicated in CC development and/or progression. The role of the recently identified variants related to the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) family has not yet been fully uncovered. In this sense, we aimed to explore the association between the lncRNA PUNISHER rs12318065 variant and the CC risk and/or prognosis. Methods: A total of 408 CC (paired 204 cancer/non-cancer) tissues were genotyped using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Results: “A” variant was associated with higher susceptibility to develop CC under heterozygote (A/C vs. C/C: OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.09–2.17, P=0.002), homozygote (A/A vs. C/C: OR = 2.63, 95%CI = 1.51–4.58, P=0.001), dominant (A/C-A/A vs. C/C: OR = 1.72, 95%CI = 1.15–02.57, P=0.008), and recessive (A/A vs. C/C-A/C: OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.34–3.72, P=0.001) models. Patients with metastasis were more likely to harbor A/A and A/C genotypes (16.7% and 14.1%) than 11% with the C/C genotype (P=0.027). Patients harboring C>A somatic mutation were more likely to develop relapse (52.6% vs. 26.5%, P=0.003), have poor survival (57.9% vs. 27.7%, P=0.001), and have shorter disease-free survival (43.2 ± 2.6 months vs. 56.8 ± 1.29 months, P<0.001) and overall survival (49.6 ± 2.4 months vs. 56.6 ± 0.99 months, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients with distal metastasis and C>A somatic mutation were three times more likely to die. Conclusions: To our knowledge, the present study is the first to identify that the PUNISHER rs12318065 variant could be a novel putative driver of colon cancer and is associated with poor prognosis.
Getting Up to Speed: A Framework for Experienced Speech-Language Pathologists to Develop Voice and Upper Airway Competencies
Authors: Schneider Sarah L.
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

It is well recognized in the field of speech-language pathology that getting a job either partially or solely focused on voice and upper airway disorders is competitive and sometimes elusive. This clinical focus article is intended to support the experienced speech-language pathologist (SLP) with limited voice and upper airway experience and hiring SLP manager by providing a framework to develop voice and upper airway competencies.

Method:

Topics ranging from acknowledging and elevating previous experience, considerations around onboarding and mentorship, to reinforcing the value and necessity of evidence-based practice will be covered.

Conclusions:

Considering SLPs with diverse clinical backgrounds brings different voices/viewpoints to this work. The provided framework can give experienced SLPs interested in voice and upper disorders along with hiring managers a pathway for the development of competencies and mentorship through this process.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19952816
Control mechanism of unbalanced magnetic pull in doubly fed induction generator using extra pole‐specific stator windings
Authors: Salah Ahmad A. , Dorrell David G. , Shalby Mohammad M.
Published: June 2022

The doubly fed induction generator is commonly used in commercial wind turbines because of its simplicity and robustness; it is a wound rotor induction machine. It has a relatively small airgap which makes it more vulnerable to unbalanced magnetic pull. This paper presents a simulation model to investigate the ability of extra stator windings with pm ± 1 pole‐pairs to control the unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP). These auxiliary windings are inserted in the stator slots and they are used to produce counteracting flux that reduces the UMP. In the theory section, an UMP control matrix is fully developed that involves additional winding currents for obtaining active UMP control. The algorithm for controlling the UMP is then introduced. This uses vector control with stator flux orientation. Several simulations are carried out using MATLAB and Altair Flux 2D finite element analysis. These show a good reduction of UMP under open circuit and locked rotor tests. These models allow the study of the combined effects of radial forces with changes in the machine design. It was found that the average power absorbed by the auxiliary windings equals 13% of the total power losses in normal operation conditions.
Designing a robust cyber‐attack detection and identification algorithm for DC microgrids based on Kalman filter with unknown input observer
Authors: Ghafoori Mohammad Sadegh , Soltani Jafar
Published: June 2022

In recent years, microgrids (MGs) have attracted much attention from researchers due to the aggregation of distributed generation (DG) sources for visibility purposes, proper connection of these DGs and the power system, as well as more efficient control of the sources. However, high reliance on communication networks makes MGs vulnerable to deliberate cyber‐attacks. Also, since the basis of attack detection is to process monitoring and state estimation of the system, this paper presents a Kalman filter (KF) algorithm to monitor the network while modelling MGs in the state space. Moreover, as uncertainty and disturbance are two critical challenges in modelling and estimating states of a system, robust detection of cyber‐attacks along with separation of the effect of disturbances and uncertainties are of particular importance. Therefore, in this study, a novel attack reconstruction algorithm is designed using a combination of an unknown input observer method and KF for robust attack detection. Simulation results show excellent performance of the proposed approach in detecting, identifying and neutralizing the effect of cyber‐attacks in the presence of disturbance and noise.
Optimal identification of model parameters for PVs using equilibrium, coot bird and artificial ecosystem optimisation algorithms
Authors: Diab Ahmed A. Zaki , Ezzat Abdulsalam , Rafaat Amr E. , Denis Kotin A. , Abdelsalam Hany A. , Abdelhamid Ashraf M.
Published: June 2022

Realising an accurate estimation of model parameters for solar cells and the Photovoltaic modules has serious importance for enhancing the performance of their control systems. Three neoteric metaheuristic methods of Artificial Ecosystem‐based optimisation, Coot Bird‐based optimisation, and Equilibrium optimiser have been applied and evaluated concerning the accurate estimation of various Photovoltaic models. The validation of the applied methods has occurred for valuing the model parameters of R.T.C. France solar cell, and Thin‐film ST40 Photovoltaic module. The objective function has been formulated as the Root Mean Square Error between the actual and estimated data. Matlab/Simulink has been used for the verification of the optimisation methods. The outcomes demonstrate that: (1) The three optimisation algorithms can resolve the problem of the Photovoltaic parameter estimation; (2) There are small distinctions between the three algorithms concerning their best value of the impartial function; this distinction between the best and worst algorithm is 10–9 for R.T.C. France solar cell for SDM; (3) The best algorithm considering the best value of the objective function is Artificial Ecosystem‐based optimisation for R.T.C. France solar cell; (4) Statistical results prove that the three algorithms have tracking efficiencies of 100%, 99.999%, and 98.285% for Artificial Ecosystem‐based optimisation, Coot Bird‐based optimisation, and Equilibrium optimiser, respectively, based on 10 individual runs for R.T.C. France solar cell for SDM. Moreover, the simulation results show that the I/V curves obtained employing Artificial Ecosystem‐based optimisation, Coot Bird‐based optimisation, and Equilibrium optimiser techniques were also matched with the corresponding datasheet curves with the Artificial Ecosystem‐based optimisation and Coot Bird‐based optimisation's predominance in standings the convergence speed, tracking efficiency, statistical indices, and solution accuracy.
Influence of Exercise Intervention on the Quality of Life for Colon
Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies
Authors: Wang Xuefen , Liu Yunfeng , Xu Jifan
Published: June 2022

Introduction The influence of exercise intervention for colon cancer
remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to
explore the effect of exercise intervention on the quality of life in patients
with colon cancer.

Methods We have searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and
Cochrane library databases through September 2020 for randomized controlled
trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of exercise intervention for colon cancer.
This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.

Results Five RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. In patients with
colon cancer, exercise intervention is associated with improved health-related
quality of life (SMD=2.79; 95% CI=1.66 to 3.92;
P<0.00001) and reduced fatigue score (SMD=−2.21;
95% CI=−3.22 to −1.20; P<0.0001), but
revealed no obvious impact on emotional functioning (SMD=0.51;
95% CI=−0.57 to 1.58; P=0.35), anxiety score
(SMD=−0.93; 95% CI=−2.50 to 0.64;
P=0.25) or weight (SMD=0.28; 95%
CI=−0.19 to 0.75; P=0.24).

Conclusions Exercise intervention is effective to improve the quality of
life in patients with colon cancer.
Die Bedeutung von Vitamin E als Antioxidans
Authors: Obermüller-Jević Ute
Published: June 2022

Vitamin E ist bekannt als das wichtigste fettlösliche Antioxidans im
Menschen. In Lipoproteinen, Zellmembranen und im Fettgewebe nimmt es eine
führende Rolle bei der Abwehr von oxidativem Stress ein. Dabei wirkt es
als „chain-breaking“ Antioxidans und hemmt spezifisch
Kettenreaktionen der Lipid-Peroxidation. Darüber hinaus redox-reguliert
Vitamin E Signaltransduktion, Genexpression, Enzymaktivitäten und
Metabolismus.
Die Sache mit der weiblichen Lust: Perspektive einer feministischen Sexbuchautorin
Authors: Hotz Simone
Published: June 2022

Warum es heute vielleicht wichtiger denn je ist, einen Sexratgeber für Frauen zu schreiben und zu lesen, erklärt der vorliegende Debattenbeitrag. Als Verfasserin eines feministischen Sexualaufklärungsbuchs beobachtet die Autorin die sexpositiven Internet-Bubbles und kennt auch die kritischen Reaktionen dazu. Insgesamt sieht sie die Sache mit der weiblichen Lust momentan verhalten optimistisch.
Unterschiede in der Verteilung der General Movements-Klassifikation
zwischen neonatalen Risikogruppen im Kinderspital Zürich: Eine
Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Cott Rachel , Hagmann Cornelia , Etter Ruth , Latal Bea
Published: June 2022

Einleitung Kinder auf der Neonatologie weisen ein erhöhtes Risiko
für motorische Entwicklungsstörungen auf.

Ziel Vergleich der General Movements (GMs)-Klassifikation zwischen drei
neonatalen Risikogruppen, Korrelation des GMs-Assessment (GMA) mit einer
standardisierten, entwicklungsneurologischen Untersuchung (SENU) sowie
Bestimmung von Risikofaktoren für abnormale GMs.

Methodik Monozentrische Beobachtungsstudie mit drei Risikogruppen (Kinder
mit operierten, angeborenen Herzfehlern (aHF) n=26, mit operierten,
angeborenen, gastrointestinalen Fehlbildungen (GIF) n=17 und mit fetal
operierter Myelomeningozele (MMC) n=12, die stationär
videobasiert untersucht wurden. Das GMA wurde gemäss Klassifikation nach
Hadders-Algra bewertet und in 4 Kategorien eingeteilt: normal optimal (NO),
normal suboptimal (NS), leicht abnormal (LA), deutlich abnormal (DA).

Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich folgende Verteilung: aHF 80,8% NS,
19,2% LA, GIF 5,9% NO, 64,7% NS, 29,4% LA, MMC
obere Extremitäten 100% NS, untere Extremitäten
33,3% NS, 33,3% LA und 33,3% DA (Gruppenvergleich
Kruskal-Wallis 10 729, p=0,003). Das GMA korrelierte signifikant
mit der SENU (Spearman rs=0,869, p<0,001). Die binär
logistische Regressionsanalyse zeigte, dass nur das Gestationsalter
(Chi2=11,93, p<0,001) mit abnormalen GMs korrelierte.

Schlussfolgerung Die Mehrheit der Kinder zeigte normale GMs. Kinder mit
MMC und solche mit tieferem Gestationsalter wiesen ein erhöhtes Risiko
für abnormale GMs auf. Das GMA und die SENU stellen ergänzende
«bedside tools» dar, um früh motorische
Auffälligkeiten zu erkennen.
Screeningprogramm zur Erkennung atrialer Arrhythmien wie Vorhofflimmern mit Armband und Smartphone
Authors: Winkelmann Simon J. , Schnabel Renate B. , Fabritz Larissa
Published: June 2022

Gegenstand und Ziel Aufgrund der erhöhten Rate für Morbidität und Mortalität durch thrombembolische Ereignisse bei Vorhofflimmern ist die frühe Erkennung und Antikoagulation die zentrale Strategie zur Prävention von Schlaganfällen und systemischen Embolien. Wegen der steigenden Prävalenz von Vorhofflimmern, insbesondere in höherem Lebensalter, ist das Ziel der aktuellen Studie, ein Armband mit kontinuierlicher Pulsmessung als Screeningmethode zur Früherkennung atrialer Arrhythmien zu testen. Hierbei sind der klinische Nutzen, aber auch Aspekte zur Umsetzbarkeit in älterer Patientenklientele sowie bevorzugten Kommunikationswege, die zur Teilnahme geführt haben, Gegenstand der Bewertung.

Material und Methoden In der internationalen, multizentrischen Studie wird ein Armband verwendet, das photoplethysmografiebasiert eine kontinuierliche Pulsmessung vornimmt. Das Armband ist via Bluetooth mit einer App auf einem Smartphone verbunden. Der Zeitraum für das Screening beträgt 4–8 Wochen. Die Pulsaufzeichnung wird durch einen Algorithmus auf Vorhofflimmern überprüft. Im Falle auffälliger Messungen wird eine EKG-Korrelation durch ein Langzeit-EKG über 2 Wochen durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Die Analyse der Ergebnisse läuft aktuell.
Faszientraining – nur ein neuer Trend oder sinnvolle Therapieergänzung bei chronischen Erkrankungen des Bewegungssystems?
Authors: Niemier Kay
Published: June 2022

Immer wieder werden neue Therapieformen für (Schmerz-)Erkrankungen des Bewegungssystems propagiert. Faszientraining ist ein relativ neuer Trend. In der Tat wurde Bindegewebe inklusive der Faszien lange als passive Struktur ohne hohe Relevanz für chronische Schmerzen des Bewegungssystems missachtet. Neuere anatomische, aber auch trainingswissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zeigen jedoch, dass die Beachtung von Faszien im Präventionssport und in der medizinischen Trainingstherapie ein wichtiges Element sein kann. Einbezogen in ein sinnvolles Trainingsprogramm und einen biopsychosozialen Behandlungsansatz bietet das Faszientraining einen sinnvollen Zusatz zu den etablierten Therapien.
Ellen Laan (3. April 1962 – 22. Januar 2022)
Authors: Klein Verena
Published: June 2022

Professorin Dr. Ellen Laan starb am 22. Januar 2022 in Amsterdam im Alter von 59 Jahren. Sie hinterlässt zwei Töchter und ihren Partner.
Hybrid-gyrokinetic simulations of low-n toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes using gKPSP
Authors: Cho Y. W. , Kwon J. M. , Kim K. , Kang J. , Jung L. , Rhee T. , Kim S. K.
Published: June 2022

We report a benchmark study of toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) simulation using the hybrid-gyrokinetic code GyroKinetic Plasma Simulation Program (gKPSP). A simulation capability for energetic particles based on the gyrokinetic δf method has been newly implemented in the gKPSP code. Benchmark simulations have been performed in both circular and realistic tokamak geometries. Good agreement has been found with previously reported results, demonstrating the new capability of the gKPSP code. We have investigated the effects of the distribution function on TAE stability by examining both isotropic and anisotropic slowing-down distributions of energetic particles. The slowing-down distribution produces a higher linear growth rate than a Maxwellian distribution, while a growth rate scan with the anisotropy shows an opposite trend. This can be attributed to competition between Landau damping and the linear drive, which are correlated with the fraction of resonant passing particles and their distribution in phase space.
Essential commutativity and spectral properties of slant Hankel operators over Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Datt Gopal , Gupta Bhawna Bansal
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the commutative and spectral properties of a kth-order slant Hankel operator (k ≥ 2, a fixed integer) on the Lebesgue space of n-dimensional torus, Tn, where T is the unit circle, are studied. Characterizations for the commutativity and essential commutativity between higher order slant Hankel operators and slant Toeplitz operators have been obtained. The presence of an open disk in the point spectrum of a kth-order slant Hankel operator with a unimodular inducing function has also been ensured.
“Inner clocks” of glass-forming liquids
Authors: Peredo-Ortiz Ricardo , Medina-Noyola Magdaleno , Voigtmann Thomas , Elizondo-Aguilera Luis F.
Published: June 2022

Providing a physically sound explanation of aging phenomena in non-equilibrium amorphous materials is a challenging problem in modern statistical thermodynamics. The slow evolution of physical properties after quenches of control parameters is empirically well interpreted via the concept of material time (or internal clock) based on the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan model. Yet, the fundamental reasons of its striking success remain unclear. We propose a microscopic rationale behind the material time on the basis of the linear laws of irreversible thermodynamics and its extension that treats the corresponding kinetic coefficients as state functions of a slowly evolving material state. Our interpretation is based on the recognition that the same mathematical structure governs both the Tool model and the recently developed non-equilibrium extension of the self-consistent generalized Langevin equation theory, guided by the universal principles of Onsager’s theory of irreversible processes. This identification opens the way for a generalization of the material-time concept to aging systems where several relaxation modes with very different equilibration processes must be considered, and partially frozen glasses manifest the appearance of partial ergodicity breaking and, hence, materials with multiple very distinct inner clocks.
Measuring characteristic differences between high- and low-performing discharges on the MegaJOuLe Neutron Imaging Radiography (MJOLNIR) DPF
Authors: Schmidt A. , Goyon C. , Link A. , Cooper C. , Anaya E. , Anderson M. , Bartolo G. , Campbell P. C. , Chapman S. , Max D. , McMahon M. , Podpaly Y. A. , Povilus A.
Published: June 2022

A dense plasma focus (DPF) is a compact coaxial plasma gun, which completes its discharge as a Z-pinch, producing short (<100 ns) pulses of ions, x rays, and/or neutrons. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory recently constructed and began operating a new device, the MJOLNIR (MegaJOuLe Neutron Imaging Radiography) DPF, which is designed for single-pulse flash neutron radiography. This device has achieved neutron yields of up to 4.1 × 1011 neutrons/pulse at 3.3 MA peak current, and higher-current commissioning is under way. Like most DPFs, MJOLNIR exhibits variable yields in some configurations. We present evidence of the role of parasitic current paths within the gun in stochastically influencing the yield. First through “conditioning shots,” where new hardware has been introduced, we show that increased run-down and run-in speeds correlate with higher yields. These observations are consistent with current being delivered to the electrodes but not to the main plasma sheath, degrading the implosion-driving force. Once nominal conditions are established, we correlate low-performing discharges with smaller current dip and associated voltage spike for a fixed machine configuration. A snow-plow model is able to recreate small-magnitude current dips through the introduction of a parasitic current path, and particle-in-cell simulations establish how parasitic current paths lower the ion beam energy available to produce neutrons. Finally, we observe an increased likelihood of shots with low yield and smaller current dip with increasing fill pressure.
Study on the influence of ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheet on the performance of ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor
Authors: Rong Ye , Wang Guanglong , Kong Qingyi
Published: June 2022

The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor has the characteristics of high-power density, small size, and high speed, but there are problems with it, such as generation of local excessive heat and obvious vibration and noise. In order to reduce the loss and improve the efficiency of the motor, in this study, ultra-thin silicon steel sheets are used as the material of the iron core of the motor, and two non-oriented silicon steel sheets with different thicknesses—0.05 and 0.15 mm—were selected. First, we use the Epstein square ring electrical steel sheet magnetic properties test to determine the magnetic properties and the loss properties of the two ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheets under working conditions. Then, we use electromagnetic simulation software to calculate the magnetic performance and the temperature rise performance of two kinds of motors with different materials. Finally, through the test of the prototype, we know the difference in the influence of the two kinds of silicon steel sheets on the performance of air compressors. We hope the outcome of the study will provide technical support for optimizing the design of ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motors for air compressors.
VERDI: VERsatile DIffractometer with wide-angle polarization analysis for magnetic structure studies in powders and single crystals
Authors: Garlea V. Ovidiu , Calder Stuart , Huegle Thomas , Lin Jiao Y. Y. , Islam Fahima , Stoica Alexandru , Graves Van B. , Frandsen Benjamin , Wilson Stephen D.
Published: June 2022

The VERsatile DIffractometer will set a new standard for a world-class magnetic diffractometer with versatility for both powder and single crystal samples and capability for wide-angle polarization analysis. The instrument will utilize a large single-frame bandwidth and will offer high-resolution at low momentum transfers and excellent signal-to-noise ratio. A horizontal elliptical mirror concept with interchangeable guide pieces will provide high flexibility in beam divergence to allow for a high-resolution powder mode, a high-intensity single crystal mode, and a polarized beam option. A major science focus will be quantum materials that exhibit emergent properties arising from collective effects in condensed matter. The unique use of polarized neutrons to isolate the magnetic signature will provide optimal experimental input to state-of-the-art modeling approaches to access detailed insight into local magnetic ordering.
Sapphire dilatometer cell for measuring the thermal expansion of solids
Authors: Neumeier J. J. , Nelson Genevieve A.
Published: June 2022

Capacitive-based dilatometry is used to determine the thermal expansion of solid specimens over a broad temperature range and for the study of structural and thermodynamic phase transitions. It can detect length changes of 0.1 Å or better. Dilatometer cells have been constructed of metals, such as copper or silver, and non-metals, such as silicon and fused silica. Sapphire is a good candidate for the construction of a dilatometer cell. It has excellent thermal conductivity, a well-behaved thermal expansion of moderate magnitude, especially below ∼60 K, and is readily available. The design, fabrication, and testing of a sapphire dilatometer cell are described herein.
High-performance non-fullerene acceptor inverted organic photovoltaics incorporating solution processed doped metal oxide hole selective contact
Authors: Ioakeimidis Apostolos , Hauser Alina , Rossier Michael , Linardi Flavio , Choulis Stelios A.
Published: June 2022

Inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) allow flexibility on designing a roll-to-roll production process of OPVs, providing technological opportunities. The OPV roll-to-roll production process demands thick and high-performance solution-based hole selective contacts. Here, we show that a solution processed antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) hole selective contact produced by spray pyrolysis route exhibits exceptional optoelectronic properties and functionality within non-fullerene acceptor PM6:Y6:PC70BM inverted OPVs. The corresponding solution processed inverted OPVs provide high power conversion efficiency values when a thick hole selective contact of solution processed doped ATO is incorporated within the inverted OPV device structure and similar light stability to that achieved with the commonly used thermally evaporated MoO3 hole selective contact.
Research on BG characteristics of a new multi-bandgap PnC
Authors: Dong Yake , Nan Min , Du Kai , He Yufan , Chen Guangyu , Yang Biao
Published: June 2022

The bandgap (BG) of a phononic crystal (PnC) can suppress the propagation of elastic waves and has great potential in suppressing vibration. In this paper, a new type of multi-BG PnC is studied, which has many BGs in the low frequency. The eigenfrequency and displacement vector field distribution of the structure are calculated using the finite element method, and the influence of geometric parameters and material parameters on the first BG is analyzed. In addition, the BG ratio is defined to describe the coverage ability of multiple BGs in the reference frequency range. The results show that there are many flat bands in the dispersion curve of the structure. The BG covers almost all frequencies below 4000 Hz. In the range of 0–4000 Hz, the BG width accounts for more than 95% coverage, which can effectively suppress the propagation of elastic waves in the low frequency.
Field-controlling patterns of sheared ferrofluid droplets
Authors: Ishida Shunichi , Yang Yaochen , Meng Fanlong , Matsunaga Daiki
Published: June 2022

We investigate how ferrofluid droplets suspended in a wall-bounded shear flow can organize when subjected to an external magnetic field. By tuning the magnitude of the external magnetic field, we find that the ferrofluid droplets form chain-like structures in the flow direction when the magnetic field is weak, while forming a crystal-like pattern in a strong magnetic field. We provide the phase diagram and the critical conditions for this chain-to-crystal transition, by applying both numerical simulations and analytic calculations. We also examine how the organized patterns of the ferrofluid droplets can be controlled by simply changing the direction of the magnetic field. This work demonstrates new aspects of field-controllable ferrofluid droplets as a configurable and reprocessable metamaterial.
Carrier injection behaviors from a band semiconductor to strongly correlated electron system in perovskite lanthanum vanadate/silicon junctions
Authors: Hotta Yasushi , Nemoto Ryoichi , Muranushi Keisuke , Zhang Yujun , Wadati Hiroki , Muraoka Keita , Sakanaga Hiroshi , Yoshida Haruhiko , Arafune Koji , Tabata Hitoshi
Published: June 2022

The interface properties of strongly correlated electron system/band semiconductor junctions were investigated in the La1−xSrxVO3/p-Si(100) structure. Spectroscopic observations show that the electronic structure of the interface is typical of insulator/semiconductor junctions for x ≤ 0.2 and Schottky junctions for x ≥ 0.25. For the forward current density–bias voltage (J–V) characteristics, energy barriers that were otherwise unexplainable by spectroscopy were estimated from the thermionic emission model fitting of the J–V characteristics, indicating that the injected carriers from Si to La1−xSrxVO3 can also feel the correlation force of Coulomb repulsion at the interface.
Improved proton-transfer barriers with van der Waals density functionals: Role of repulsive non-local correlation
Authors: Seyedraoufi S. , Berland Kristian
Published: June 2022

Proton-transfer (PT) between organic complexes is a common and important biochemical process. Unfortunately, PT energy barriers are difficult to accurately predict using density functional theory (DFT); in particular, using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) tends to underestimate PT barriers. Moreover, PT typically occurs in environments where dispersion forces contribute to the cohesion of the system; thus, a suitable exchange-correlation functional should accurately describe both dispersion forces and PT barriers. This paper provides benchmark results for the PT barriers of several density functionals, including several variants of the van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF). The benchmark set comprises small organic molecules with inter- and intra-molecular PT. The results show that replacing GGA correlation with a fully non-local vdW-DF correlation increases the PT barriers, making it closer to the quantum chemical reference values. In contrast, including non-local correlations with the Vydrov-Voorhis method or dispersion-corrections at the DFT-D3 or the Tkatchenko–Scheffler level has barely any impact on the PT barriers. Hybrid functionals also increase and improve the energies, resulting in an excellent performance of hybrid versions of vdW-DF-cx and vdW-DF2-B86R. For the formic acid dimer PT system, we analyzed the GGA exchange and non-local correlation contributions. The analysis shows that the repulsive part of the non-local correlation kernel plays a key role in the PT energy barriers predicted with vdW-DF.