bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Book of the Land for Project Cost as a Method of the Notice Principle, and its Impact on the Acquisition of the Ownership of the Land for Project Cost - A counter-plan to Supreme Court Decision 2018Do13604, Decided October 14, 2022
Authors: Yu Hyun-Jeong
Published: September 2023

Recently, the Supreme Court of Korea reached a decision under the Urban Development Act, stating that the purchaser of “Chebiji,” also known as the “Land for Project Cost,” is regarded as a creditor until ownership acquisition through registration from the project operator. This decision marks a departure from the previous notion that the rights obtained by recording the purchaser’s name on the “Chebiji Daejang,” or “Book of the Land for Project Cost” were akin to property rights, following the precedent set by the formal Land Readjustment Project Act. Conversely, the Korean Trust Law and its Enforcement Decree are the sole legislative instruments that address the Book of the Land for Project Cost. The Korean Trust Law permits a specific type of property, classified as trust property, to contest against a third party if this fact is duly indicated in a book stipulated by Enforcement Decree. Notably, the Enforcement Decree includes the Book of the Land for Project Cost. However, the act of designating it as trust property holds no practical value for the purchaser prior to gaining full ownership of the land. Consequently, there exists a risk wherein the Project Operator could engage in double-selling of the Land for Project Cost, thereby diminishing the value of the land itself. While avenues such as seeking injunctions or proposing amendments to the rules of the Urban Development Association may offer mitigation measures, they do not provide a comprehensive solution. This is because they fail to prevent third parties from attaining ownership. Considering the original legislative intent behind the Land in the Urban Development Act, a revision of Article 42 (5) of the Urban Development Act becomes imperative.
Antimicrobial Activity of SDS/Ag Treated Cotton Fabric
Authors: Kumar Sorna Gowri Vijaya
Published: September 2023

The antimicrobial cotton fabric has been prepared by coating it with Ag treated with SDS(Sodium dodecyl sulphate) nanocoating and its antimicrobial properties have been tested. It is observed in the present study, that the nanocoating coated cotton fabrics have good antimicrobial properties. The coated cotton fabric showed an antibacterial activity value of 5.86 against Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 4352 and that of 4.89 against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 when tested according to the JIS L 1902-2015 method.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Ethiopia
Authors:   Guttmacher Insitute, Seme Assefa , Shiferaw Solomon , Amogne Ayanaw , Popinchalk Anna , Shimeles Leilena , Berhanu Ephrem , Mimbela Ricardo , Giorgio Margaret ,   Talent Youth Association
Published: September 2023

Key Points The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions raised concerns that adolescents in Ethiopia may face reduced access to youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services. Public and private service statistics data reveal that from March through the end of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had at least a short-term impact on adolescent sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic is estimated to have resulted in an annualized increase of: 20,738 adolescents with an unmet need for contraception 8,884 unintended pregnancies among adolescents Approximately 10.1 million Ethiopian birr (more than US$250,000) in costs for the Ethiopian health system for pregnancy-related and newborn care 438 adolescent women with major obstetric complications 14 adolescent maternal deaths Ethiopia’s Ministry of Health and private health providers could take several steps to ensure that access to sexual and reproductive health services for adolescents continues throughout the remainder of the COVID-19 pandemic: Adopt an emergency response plan that addresses adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health needs Support health care workers, particularly health extension workers, to increase access to contraceptives for adolescents Engage adolescents at all levels of the Ministry of Health decision-making process Support the expansion of youth-friendly services across regions with additional staff and resources
Ratiometric fluorescence sensing and quantification of circulating blood sodium sensors in mice in vivo
Authors: Ivich Fernando , Calderon Isen , Fang Qianqian , Clark Heather , Niedre Mark
Published: September 2023

In this work, we introduce ratiometric diffuse in vivo flow cytometry (R-DiFC) for quantitative measurement of circulating fluorescent red blood cell (fRBC) sensors for systemic blood sodium levels. Unlike in our previous work in measuring circulating fRBC sensors, R-DiFC allows simultaneous measurement of two fluorophores encapsulated in the sensor, the ratio of which enables self-calibration of the fluorescence signal with different fRBC depths in biological tissue. We show that the R-DiFC signal varies significantly less than either fluorescence signal alone. This work holds promise for personalized monitoring of systemic sodium for bipolar patients in the future.
High-performance laser power converts for wireless information transmission applications
Authors: Gou Yudan , Wang Hao , Wang Jun , Chen Yongji , Mou Zhiqiang , Chen Yuchao , Yang Huomu , Deng Guoliang
Published: September 2023

Laser Power Converters (LPCs) are components of the laser wireless power transmission (LWPT) system receiving laser power. This paper proposes a comprehensive test method that employs continuous, pulse-pause, and short-time techniques to evaluate the performance of six-junction GaAs LPCs operating with an optical input at 808 nm. Additionally, we investigate the performance of LPCs with different areas and achieve a conversion efficiency over 60%. Furthermore, we apply LPCs with varying areas to wireless information transmission and successfully achieve a response time of 1.7 µs.
Incoherent nonlinear deconvolution using an iterative algorithm for recovering limited-support images from blurred digital photographs
Authors: Rosen Joseph , Anand Vijayakumar
Published: September 2023

Recovering original images from blurred images is a challenging task. We propose a new deconvolution method termed incoherent nonlinear deconvolution using an iterative algorithm (INDIA). Two inputs are introduced into the algorithm: one is a random or engineered point spread function of the scattering system, and the other is a blurred or distorted image of some object outputted from this system. The two functions are Fourier transformed, and their phase distributions are processed independently of their magnitude. The algorithm yields the image of the original object with reduced blurring effects. The results of the new method are compared to two linear and two nonlinear algorithms under various types of blurs. The root mean square error and structural similarity between the original and recovered images are chosen as the comparison criteria between the five different algorithms. The simulation and experimental results confirm the superior performance of INDIA compared to the other tested deblurring methods.
Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infections in Uganda: Results from population-based prevalence surveys in five districts
Authors: Tinkitina Benjamin , Beinamaryo Prudence , Adriko Moses , Nabatte Betty , Arinaitwe Moses , Mubangizi Alfred , Emerson Paul , Dhakal Sanjaya , Sullivan Kristin M.
Published: September 2023

Background

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are caused by roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura), and hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale). In Uganda, baseline surveys conducted during the late 1990s and early 2000s suggested STH infections were common, with prevalence >50% among surveyed schoolchildren. In 2003, a national program was launched with mass preventative chemotherapy (PC) and health education for children 1–14 years old. Little evidence is available to show the impact of national deworming.

Methods

We conducted population-based, cross-sectional household surveys in five districts (Buikwe, Kassanda, Kiryandongo, Kisoro, and Rubanda) in March and May 2022. Our primary objective was to estimate STH prevalence by species due to infections of any intensity and infections of moderate-to-heavy intensity among preschool-aged children (PSAC, 1–4 years old), school-aged children (SAC, 5–14 years old), and women of reproductive age (WRA, 15–49 years old). Laboratory technicians used duplicate Kato-Katz microscopy to determine fecal egg count.

Results

Overall, 3,352 PSAC; 3,884 SAC; and 1,226 WRA provided stool samples. The prevalence of any infection remained high in Kisoro at or above ~50% within all risk groups. In other districts, the prevalence of any infection ranged from approximately 5 to 16% among PSAC, 6 to 23% among SAC, and 12 to 19% among WRA. Moderate-to-heavy intensity infection prevalence was highest in Kisoro (~15–26%), followed by Rubanda (<5%), and was ≤1% in other districts. A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections were largely confined to Kisoro and Rubanda, whereas hookworm was most common in other districts.

Conclusions

The STH prevalence has decreased markedly in three districts in Uganda. Based on our findings, the national deworming program should consider decreasing PC distribution frequency in these districts per the World Health Organization guidelines. Efforts are needed to understand why the Kisoro and Rubanda districts did not demonstrate similar gains.
Early death after a diagnosis of metastatic solid cancer–raising awareness and identifying risk factors from the SEER database
Authors: Globus Opher , Sagie Shira , Lavine Noy , Barchana Daniel Itshak , Urban Damien
Published: September 2023

Background

Cancer death rates are declining, in part due to smoking cessation, better detection and new treatments; nevertheless, a large fraction of metastatic cancer patients die soon after diagnosis. Few studies and interventions focus on these patients. Our study aims to characterize early mortality in a wide range of metastatic solid tumors.

Methods

We retrieved data on adult patients diagnosed with pathologically confirmed de- novo metastatic solid tumors between the years 2004–2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER). Our primary outcome was cancer specific early death rate (defined as death within two months of diagnosis). Additional data extracted included socio-demographical data, tumor primary, sites of metastases, and cause of death.

Results

109,207 (20.8%) patients died of de-novo metastatic cancer within two months of diagnosis. The highest rates of early death were found in hepatic (36%), pancreato-biliary (31%) and lung (25%) primaries. Factors associated with early death included primary site, liver, and brain metastases, increasing age, and lower income. Cancer was the cause of death in 92.1% of all early deaths. Two-month mortality rates have moderately improved during the study period (from 22.4% in 2004 to 18.8% in 2016).

Conclusion

A fifth of de-novo metastatic cancer patients die soon after diagnosis, with little improvement over the last decade. Further research is required to better classify and identify patients at risk for early mortality, which patients might benefit from faster diagnostic tracks, and which might avoid invasive and futile diagnostic procedures.
Improving visualization of the cervix during pelvic exams: A simulation using a physical model of the speculum and human vagina as a steppingstone to reducing disparities in gynecological cancers
Authors: Yerrabelli Rahul Sai , Palsgaard Peggy K. , Hojati Ashkhan , Johnson Amy J. Wagoner
Published: September 2023

Pelvic exams are frequently complicated by collapse of the lateral vaginal walls, obstructing the view of the cervix. To overcome this, physicians frequently repurpose a glove or a condom as a sheath placed over the speculum blades to retract the lateral vaginal walls. Despite their regular use in clinical practice, little research has been done comparing the relative efficacy of these methods. Better visualization of the cervix can benefit patients by decreasing examination-related discomfort, improving cancer screening accuracy, and preventing the need to move the examination to the operating room under general anesthesia. This study presents a physical model that simulates vaginal pressure being exerted around a speculum. Using it, we conduct controlled experiments comparing the efficacy of different condom types, glove materials, glove sizes, and techniques to place gloves on the speculum. The results show that the best sheath is the middle finger of nitrile-material gloves. They provide adequate lateral wall retraction without significantly restricting the opening of the speculum. In comparison, condoms provide a smaller amount of retraction due to loosely fitting the speculum. They may still be a reasonable option for a different speculum size. However, vinyl-material gloves are an impractical option for sheaths; they greatly restrict speculum opening, occasionally even breaking the speculum, which overcome its retraction benefits. Glove size, condom brand, and condom material (latex vs polyisoprene) had minimal impact. This study serves as a guide for clinicians as they use easily accessible tools to perform difficult pelvic exams. We recommend that physicians consider nitrile gloves as the preferred option for a sheath around a speculum. Additionally, this study demonstrates proof-of-concept of a physical model that quantitatively describes different materials on their ability to improve cervical access. This model can be used in future research with more speculum and material combinations, including with materials custom-designed for vaginal retraction.
Editorial
Authors: Taylor-Jones Kate , Vickers Edward , Heylen Ann
Published: September 2023

This editorial is an overview of this edition of the Journal of East Asian Popular Culture. It features a thematic section guest-edited by Yan Ying and Weiqing Xiao on ‘Chinese Popular Culture in Translation and Transmission’. Five articles share a focus on the lived experience of the producers and consumers engaged in ‘translation and transmission’ of popular culture in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Two general papers complement this thematic section and illustrate the nature of translation and transmission of culture as a two-way process. The book reviews section features commentary on recently published works that relate to themes discussed in the research articles.
Regimes of Desire: Young Gay Men, Media, and Masculinity in Tokyo, Thomas Baudinette (2021)
Authors: Coates Jamie
Published: September 2023

Review of: Regimes of Desire: Young Gay Men, Media, and Masculinity in Tokyo, Thomas Baudinette (2021)

Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 262 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-47203-861-9, p/bk, £27.95
Folk horror: An introduction
Authors: Tolbert Jeffrey A. , Keetley Dawn
Published: September 2023

Our introduction to this Special Issue is premised on the fact that the rich critical work on folk horror has far from exhausted what can be (and needs to be) said about folk horror. There is a particular need for scholarship that extends its reach beyond Britain and for that which self-consciously interrogates, expands and complicates initial theoretical formulations of folk horror. There is a need, in short, for a ‘second wave’ of folk horror criticism that develops the first – that attends more specifically, for instance, to modes within folk horror (and folk horror as a mode), to the ways in which folk horror productions are rooted in particular places and regional lore, and to the ways in which those productions deploy literary, narrative, aesthetic, visual and acoustic strategies. There is also a need to identify and interrogate (in specific contexts) the key (defining) concepts of folk horror, especially the ‘folk’, folklore and horror – all three of which this introduction explores before it introduces the six essays in this Special Issue.
ARRANJOS SOCIOPRODUTIVOS PARA O TURISMO DE INTERESSES ESPECIAIS NO TERRITÓRIO PATAGÔNIA VERDE (CHILE): UMA ALTERNATIVA PARA UM DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Henríquez Zuñiga Christian , Pacheco Habert Guillermo , Sampaio Carlos Alberto Cioce
Published: September 2023

Os espaços turísticos globais e locais veem sendo influenciados pelas patologias de um modelo de desenvolvimento hegemônico, representado pela sociedade de consumo, na qual as relações sociais são coisificadas. A partir desta crítica, e frente ao desafio de avançar em novas perspectivas teóricas centradas na materialidade dos fatos humanos e não humanos, se coloca o desafio de articular proposta teórico metodológica que dê conta de tamanho desafio. Para tanto se apresenta primeiramente uma discussão, ainda incipiente, em torno das potencialidades da perspectiva dos arranjos socioprodutivos de base comunitária no setor do turismo de interesses especiais para, posteriormente, ilustrá-la na prática a partir de resultados extraídos de uma metodologia participativa na identificação e futura construção de encadeamentos produtivos para o turismo de interesses especiais em cinco municípios que compõem o território Patagônia Verde, na região Os Lagos, no Chile, que sofreu, em 2008, uma erupção do vulcão Chaitén. Conclui-se que antes de criar arranjos socioprodutivos há que gerar as condições para que os empreendedores compartilhem valores cooperativos ou, que no pior dos casos, possuam uma lógica instrumental pragmática na qual se ambicionam ganhos individuais, entretanto, que reconheçam pontos que sejam negociáveis na ocasião que almejam ganhos coletivos.
PARQUE NACIONAL DO IGUAÇU: CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS PRÁTICAS DE GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA DE PESSOAS PARA A REDUÇÃO DE BARREIRAS INTERNAS À IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA ORIENTAÇÃO PARA O MERCADO
Authors: Tornieri Sandra , Baptista Paulo de Paula , Toaldo Ana Maria Machado , Roglio Karina De Dea
Published: September 2023

A Orientação para o Mercado (OPM) é um importante conceito consolidado e difundido nas organizações desde os anos 90. Entretanto, ainda no século XXI, sua implementação nem sempre é realizada, pois algumas dificuldades são encontradas, sendo este ainda um tema merecedor de estudos. Para tanto, o objetivo da pesquisa relatada neste artigo é identificar práticas de Gestão Estratégica de Pessoas (GEP) que contribuem para a redução das barreiras de implementação da Orientação para o Mercado. Para isto foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de estudo multicaso, tendo como foco as concessionárias do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, um modelo de gestão público-privada e um destino turístico dos mais relevantes para o turismo brasileiro. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que o maior comprometimento organizacional e unicidade de esforços para implementar a OPM nas empresas investigadas foi decorrente de investimentos continuados em práticas de GEP, baseado em uma filosofia de trabalho ou do enunciado teórico e prático da missão da empresa. Desta forma, é possível afirmar que, conforme demonstrado nos casos analisados, investimentos em práticas de GEP amenizam as barreiras internas de implementação da OPM.
A Tale of Two Unions
Authors: Corner Mark
Published: September 2023

Brexit is a tale of two unions, not one: the British and the European unions. Their origins are different, but both struggle to maintain unity in diversity and both have to face the challenge of populism and claims of democratic deficit. Mark Corner suggests that the »four nations« that make up the UK can only survive as part of a single nation-state, if the country looks more sympathetically at the very European structures from which it has chosen to detach itself. This study addresses both academic and lay audiences interested in the current situation of the UK, particularly the strains raised by devolution and Brexit.
Asyl als Anspruch?
Authors: Fritsche Andrea
Published: September 2023

Inwiefern fordern Asylsuchende (Menschen-)Rechte ein? Können in einem allumfassend rechtlich regulierten und von Unsicherheit geprägten Alltag überhaupt Ansprüche gestellt werden? Lässt die Asylpraxis Raum für Subjektpositionen abseits von Opferschaft? Andrea Fritsche nähert sich dem (Asyl-)Recht aus alltagssoziologischer Perspektive und fokussiert Asylsuchende als handelnde Subjekte und Rechteinhaber*innen. Dabei zeichnet sie Bedeutungen von Recht und Rechten in der österreichischen Asylwirklichkeit nach und schafft ein Verständnis für die Folgen rechtlicher, politischer und gesellschaftlicher Praktiken, die die Gewährleistung von Rechten an Dankbarkeit, Leistung und Anpassung koppeln.
Krieg geht viral
Authors: Korowin Elena
Published: September 2023

Schon seit Beginn des Ukraine-Krieges ging dieser als mediales und künstlerisches Ereignis viral. Zeitgleich setzte damit ein Nachdenken über das Verhältnis der Katastrophe und ihrer medialen Vermittlung ein. Elena Korowin betrachtet die unterschiedlichen künstlerischen Reaktionen und liefert profunde Einsichten zum Wesen des Krieges in der digitalen und urbanen Kultur. Sie verortet die visuelle Kommunikation und die Bildregime des Krieges im Spannungsfeld ihrer technischen, medialen und künstlerischen Voraussetzungen - und liefert durch den Bezug auf das Verhältnis zwischen der Darstellung der Kriegsrealität und ihrer Produktion wertvolle zeitdiagnostische Erkenntnisse.
Tod und Tabu in der Pandemie
Authors: Mohr Ernst
Published: September 2023

Krisen erschüttern das gesellschaftliche Denken über Leben und Tod. In der Covid-19-Pandemie wurde die Individualität des Menschen selbst im Sterben durch das Tabu des kollektiven Sterbens geschützt. Das Virus zwang die Politik in der Abwägung zwischen Gesundheits- und Freiheitsschutz zur Parteinahme für die Alten zulasten der Jungen. Ernst Mohr liefert eine kulturökonomische Autopsie der Covid-19-Politik mit Lehren für die Zukunft. Dabei fokussiert er auf den zum Selbstschutz fähigen Wirtsorganismus Mensch und entwickelt eine Krisenrationalität, die existenzbedrohenden Krisen gerecht wird. So entsteht ein konziser Blick auf ein Ereignis, das nicht das letzte seiner Art gewesen sein wird - und ein Plädoyer für eine künftige Pandemiepolitik ohne Tabus.
Vorgeschichten in Archäologischen Landesmuseen
Authors: Malter Tabea
Published: September 2023

Welche Chancen und Risiken stecken in der Kommunikation von Ur- und Frühgeschichte in Ausstellungen? Welche Narrative zu Themen wie Erbe und Identität werden vermittelt und welche Rolle spielen dabei Inszenierungen und Ausstellungstexte? Erstmals nimmt Tabea Malter die für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland spezifischen archäologischen Landesmuseen hinsichtlich ihres gesellschaftlichen Potentials kritisch in den Blick. Neben kulturtheoretischen Reflexionen zu Gedächtnis, Erbe und Identität kontrastiert sie die Ausstellungsanalysen in vier Fallstudien durch Interviews mit den Ausstellungsmacher*innen - und liefert so auch wichtige Impulse für die Museumspraxis.
Das marokkanische Familienrecht in der multiplen Differenzierung
Authors: El Guennouni Kamal
Published: September 2023

Wie kann das marokkanische Familienrecht aus postkolonialer Perspektive analysiert werden? Im Gegensatz zur gegenwärtigen Forschungsliteratur, die oft ein vormodernes Gesellschaftsverständnis im Maghreb postuliert, wählt Kamal El Guennouni einen nichtlokalen Ansatz und arbeitet einen postkolonialen Rechtsbegriff heraus. In dieser multiplen Differenzierung herrscht eine Übersetzung multipler Ordnung vor, in der es zu keiner Kollision der verschiedenen Rechtsordnungen kommt. Er erforscht diese Prämisse qualitativ anhand von Grenzfällen im Familienrecht wie der Mehrehe und eröffnet durch eine makrohermeneutische Analyse nicht nur eine neue Perspektive für die Soziologie, sondern auch für andere Fachbereiche.
Foreign Experience of Consolidation of Municipalities: Significance for Russia
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Leonov Sergey , Tarasenko Mikhail ,   Far-Eastern Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA
Published: September 2023

In the article, using general scientific research methods, the analysis of approaches to improving the territorial structure of local self-government in foreign countries in terms of the enlargement of municipalities is carried out. The theoretical positions developed by modern science, as well as the experience of the modern stage of consolidation of municipalities in European countries, Australia and Canada, proposed by the practice of municipal construction, are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the arguments of supporters and opponents of the consolidation of municipalities, economic and institutional aspects of this process. Based on the performed analysis, the conclusion is made about the insolvency of the classical economic argument in favor of the consolidation of municipalities (achieving economies of scale), since it gives the expected economic effect only when a limited number of the smallest municipalities merge. The expected savings on administrative expenses, even if they are observed, are covered by an increase in the costs of fulfilling the main powers of the municipality (for education and health care). In fact, in foreign countries there are no generally accepted quantitative criteria for justifying the rationality of merging (consolidation) of municipalities. It is recognized that consolidation is not a universal option for the development of all subsidized municipalities, each specific case requires analysis and consideration of the socio-economic features of the consolidation of municipalities. Therefore, the main approach that the authorities adhere to when justifying measures to organize a rational territorial structure of municipalities abroad is a situational approach. It is shown that trying to transfer the positive aspects of the foreign experience of the consolidation of municipalities into the Russian reality, one should not forget about an alternative instrument to support the financing of the institute of local self-government – the development of inter-municipal cooperation, recognized in the modern world as an important potential source of co-financing of municipal development
Hazard Analysis of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Using The JSA (Job Safety Analysis) Method in Grey Weaving 2 Warehouse PT XYZ
Authors: Novianti Farida , Windriya Anafil
Published: September 2023

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the textile sector with one of its products being grey cloth which is stored in the grey 2 warehouse before being released. In the course of their activities, even though they have implemented Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), workers are still found to be negligent which has the potential to cause work accidents. For this reason, it is necessary to identify the hazards of each job in the grey 2 warehouse using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential hazards that exist in each job and determine recommendations for their control. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that from all the work carried out in the grey weaving 2 warehouse, there were 18 identified potential hazards. Control recommendations that can be carried out by the company are to use complete Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), focus or not joke when working, ensure the condition of work tools before use, ensure that the path to be passed is safe, put work tools in the right place, arrange cloth tightly, and maintain a safe distance from work tools. Advice that can be given to companies is to provide education about hazards and control recommendations for each job, provide reward to workers, and form an OHS team.
Transfixed by transgenics: how pathology assumptions are slowing progress in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia research
Authors: D'Adamio Luciano
Published: September 2023

Model organisms of human diseases are invaluable tools for unraveling pathogenic mechanisms, identifying potential targets for drug development, and evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of candidates in preclinical trials. The utility of model organisms hinges upon their ability to faithfully replicate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the human disease. For rodent models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD‐related dementias (ADRD), the limited translatability to human disease raises concerns about their overall utility. What factors contribute to this limitation? Is AD inherently too complex to be accurately modeled in nonhumans? Is the divergence between rodent brains and the human brain so pronounced that rodents are unsuitable as model organisms for AD? Or is it plausible that the commonly used rodent models don't capture the genuine pathogenic mechanisms underlying these diseases? This editorial discusses the challenges associated with transgenic models of AD and ADRD and offers some alternative approaches.
Dimensionality reduction methods for extracting functional networks from large‐scaleCRISPRscreens
Authors: Hassan Arshia Zernab , Ward Henry N , Rahman Mahfuzur , Billmann Maximilian , Lee Yoonkyu , Myers Chad L
Published: September 2023

CRISPR‐Cas9 screens facilitate the discovery of gene functional relationships and phenotype‐specific dependencies. The Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap) is the largest compendium of whole‐genome CRISPR screens aimed at identifying cancer‐specific genetic dependencies across human cell lines. A mitochondria‐associated bias has been previously reported to mask signals for genes involved in other functions, and thus, methods for normalizing this dominant signal to improve co‐essentiality networks are of interest. In this study, we explore three unsupervised dimensionality reduction methods—autoencoders, robust, and classical principal component analyses (PCA)—for normalizing the DepMap to improve functional networks extracted from these data. We propose a novel “onion” normalization technique to combine several normalized data layers into a single network. Benchmarking analyses reveal that robust PCA combined with onion normalization outperforms existing methods for normalizing the DepMap. Our work demonstrates the value of removing low‐dimensional signals from the DepMap before constructing functional gene networks and provides generalizable dimensionality reduction‐based normalization tools.
Unconventional superconductivity in PdxBi2Se3 whiskers
Authors: Druzhinin A.A. , Ostrovskii I.P. , Khoverko Yu.M. , Mykytiuk M.P.
Published: September 2023

Studies of temperature dependence of magnetoresistance for PdxBi2Se3 whiskers in the temperature range 1.6-77K in  magnetic field up to 10 T were carried out. Crystals were grown by chemical transport reaction method in  closed bromide system. The source and crystallization zone temperatures were 1100 K and 780 K, respectively. Doping of the crystals was carried out during the growth process with  palladium impurity to concentrations of (1 – 2) × 1019 cm−3. In the low-temperature region beginning at a temperature of 5 K and reaching a temperature 3.5 K, a sharp decrease in resistance was observed, which is associated with the transition to  superconducting state. Based on the analysis of the temperature dependence of the resistance at fixed magnetic fields, the Curie temperature Tc1=5.3 K and Tc2=3.5 K as well as the upper critical magnetic field Bc2=1.45 T and 0.25 T were determined. The established parameters indicates in II type supercondor. This is indicated by the ratio Δ0/kBTc = 2.0, which exceeds BCS limit of 1.76 and indicates a relatively large value of the superconducting gap Δ0=0.8 meV. The determined ratio A/γ2, which establishes the relationship between the electron-electron and electron-phonon interaction, is about of 2ao, which indicates a strong fermionic interaction with phonons in the PdxBi2Se3 superconductor. The estimated value of the ratio of the Curie temperature to the effective Fermi temperature equal to 0.04 also falls within the range of 0.01 ⩽ Tc/TF ⩽ 0.1, which confirms the unconventional superconductivity in the investigated whiskers.
Self-Regulated Learning of Statistics and Tics Integration in University Students
Authors: Chávez José Antonio Manco , Castellanos José Alberto Paredes , Paredes Dora Julia Briceño de , Rosendo Nelson Jesús Campos , Montenegro Luz Petronila Blas , Hinostroza Mary Rosaura Diaz , Aguirre Flor by María Sánchez , Tito Edwin Roque , Rivera Jesús Virgilio Luque
Published: September 2023

The objective of the research was to determine the level of relationship between self-regulated learning of statistics and tics integration in university students. The methodology was non-experimental, quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional, at a single point in time. A non-probabilistic, non-random, convenience sampling was used. Then, using the snowball technique, the instrument was applied to a total of 433 students, to whom a questionnaire validated with Cronbach’s alpha was applied as an instrument, with 39 questions on a Likert scale measuring the variables self-regulated learning and integration of information and communication technologies, with the dimensions: planning, self-regulation, self-assessment and proactive incorporation, motivation, and competences, respectively. It is concluded of the total inferential analysis, that there are significant differences in the average values of the analysis since planning is among the moderately high levels while in the other dimensions the values do not reach the total high value determined in the measurement scale, which indicates the need to instruct in this phase to improve the integration of self-regulated learning. Spearman’s correlation coefficient at a significance level of 0.01 shows a value of 0.828. These results allowed concluding that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship for the level of self-regulated learning and integration of information and communication technologies as variables. In addition, when analyzing the percentage levels as a result, it was obtained that in the self-planning dimension there is 82% in the advanced level, in the variable integration of information and communication technologies and its dimension proactive incorporation it was also reached in an advanced level 81.1%, likewise it can be mentioned that in the results it was obtained in the integration of information and communication technologies an advanced level of  81.1% which are the results of the virtual classes taken as a strategy in education and bringing strengths in the new approach to education.
Transforming the Financial Ecosystem: The Synergy of FinTech, RegTech, and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Areiqat Ahmad Yousef , Al- Aqrabawi Rowaida
Published: September 2023

This article explores the applications and implications of FinTech, RegTech, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the rapidly evolving financial ecosystem. By evaluating relevant literature and case studies, the article demonstrates the synergy of these three technological domains and critically discusses the challenges and opportunities they present. The paper concludes by outlining key insights and potential directions for future research.
Expressive and Receptive Language Problems among Students with Learning Disabilities at Irbid District
Authors: Wahsheh Nayef Ali
Published: September 2023

The study examined levels of receptive and expressive language among students with learning disabilities at Irbid District. The sample of the study included students with learning disabilities enrolled at resource rooms in the educational directorate of Irbid District in the second semester of the school year 2022/2023 totaling (241) male and female students (132 male, 109 female). The analytical descriptive design was employed. An instrument was developed and administrated which consisted of (25) items measuring receptive and expressive language difficulties. The results of the study indicated that level of receptive and expressive language difficulties among students with learning disabilities at Irbid District was high. There were no statistically significant differences (? = 0.05) due to gender in the two domains and the total score of receptive and expressive language difficulties. The study recommends the need for collaboration among educators and parents to consider the needs of learning disabilities students and that all training, material and moral resources should be provided to develop receptive and expressive language skills among students with learning disabilities.
DETECCIÓN DE METABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS PRESENTES EN LAS HOJAS DE (Trichanthera gigantea) ACANTHACEAE Y SU ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA Y ANTIMICÓTICA
Authors: Carvajal Quiceno Astrid Daniela
Published: September 2023

La implementación de las plantas como mecanismo de tratamiento para diferentes patologías, no es algo nuevo de la sociedad actual, sin embargo, en los últimos años los tratamientos a base de estos compuestos orgánicos denominados como principios bioactivos o metabolitos secundarios se ha impulsado. Para el caso de Colombia, las investigaciones sobre las propiedades de las plantas son muy bajas, razón por la cual el presente trabajo permite contribuir al conocimiento de plantas como Trichanthera gigantea o nacedero (Sarria, 1994; Sarwatt et al., 2003). El objetivo general de este proyecto fue identificar los grupos de metabolitos secundarios presentes en el extracto etanólico de las hojas de T. gigantea y su actividad antimicrobiana y antimicótica. Para la identificación de los metabolitos secundarios, se empleó a largos rasgos los métodos de extracción por percolación, cromatografía de columna liquida, tamizaje fitoquímico y revelado cromatográfico. Para la evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana y antimicótica, se utilizó el método de concentración mínima inhibitoria (CIM), en la que se sometió a cepas de Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Candida albicans a diferentes concentraciones del extracto de la planta. Entre los resultados más importantes, se destaca que T. gigantea posee un número significativo de compuestos de interés farmacológico (alcaloides, flavonoides entre otros), en cuanto a la actividad biológica, se obtuvo que la planta posee actividad inhibitoria frente a las cepas bacterianas y micótica nombradas anteriormente; resultados que pueden indicar que T. gigantea cuenta con propiedades de gran interés farmacológico.
Patrones de manejo de agroecosistemas deforestados y estrategias de vida de fincas amazónicas de Cacoal, Brasil
Authors: Caetano N. Diego G. , Rodrigues de Almeida Edslei , Gómez Carabalí (QEPD) Arnulfo , Chávez-Servia José Luis , Otero Joel Tupac
Published: September 2023

Las poblaciones humanas en la Amazonía forman parte de los ecosistemas en los que viven. La escala y la intensidad de las actividades humanas tienen un impacto significativo en estos ecosistemas, con efecto local, nacional y global. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los patrones de manejo de los agroecosistemas en algunas fincas en municipio de Cacoal, Rondonia, Brasil, en algunos términos biofísicos (ambientales) y socioeconómicos (familias), con el propósito de cuantificar el impacto de 30 años de deforestación, relacionados a su proceso de colonización. El estudio fue implementado en quince propiedades rurales dentro de 3 diferentes regiones en el municipio de Cacoal. Pudimos concluir, en las fincas estudiadas, que el área no es factor determinante para el tamaño del área de reserva legal. El nivel de educación de los propietarios de las fincas tampoco es un comparativo para el tamaño de la reserva legal. Los tipos de cultivos utilizados no son parámetro para que en una finca sea más o menos deforestada. El manejo que hace el tenedor de la tierra sí tiene influencia directa en el área de selva que existe en dichas fincas.
Genotype x environment interaction for yield of rice hybrids and inbred varieties in Venezuela
Authors: Acevedo Barona Marco Antonio , Silva Díaz Rubén José , Perdomo Rojas Rosaura Desirée , Pérez Almeida Iris Betzaida , Álvarez Parra Rosa María , Torres Angarita Orlando José
Published: September 2023

Performance tests in multiple locations are essential to study the genotype x–environment interaction, as well as to identify superior genotypes and testing locations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of rice hybrids and inbred varieties for grain yield. Six experiments were conducted in rice-producing areas of Venezuela using a randomized complete block design during the dry season of 2015-2016. The ANOVA detected significant differences for genotype, location, and genotype-by-location interaction, highlighting the hybrid by location interaction. The Lin and Binns model identified the hybrids ‘RHA-180’ and ‘HL23035H’ and the ‘Soberana Fl’ variety as adapted and stable. In the GGE biplot model, the first components were significant, and together explained 82 % of the total variability. The hybrids ‘RHA-180’ and ‘HL23035H’ were identified as adapted and stable, whereas the ‘RHA-180’ hybrid was considered the “ideal genotype”. The varieties ‘Soberana Fl’ and ‘SD-20A’ displayed high performance and intermediate stability. The two mega-environments differed by having the best performing genotypes ‘RHA-180’ and ‘Soberana Fl’. Plot 199 was the most representative locality to evaluate hybrids and varieties, whereas the INIA Guárico location discriminated better the rice genotypes. Both models coincided regarding the identification of adapted and stable hybrids and varieties in Venezuela. Nonetheless, while it was easy and efficient to apply the Lin and Binns model, the SREG model was more detailed, effective, and informative.
¿Influyen las casas de malla en la evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo)?
Authors: Lasprilla V. Richard , Mejía de Tafur Sara , Torres Prieto Enrique A.
Published: September 2023

Las casas de malla son una alternativa que permite al agricultor proteger su cultivo de plagas y enfermedades, y permite reducir la aplicación de agroquímicos. Estas casas de malla generalmente se construyen con malla antitrip (pantalla porosa), la cual impide el paso de insectos protegiendo así el cultivo. Como es de esperar, la malla genera un microclima al interior, lo cual podría conllevar un cambio en las necesidades hídricas del cultivo, pero no se tienen estudios en Colombia que cuantifiquen los cambios producidos al interior de estas casas de malla en las variables meteorológicas. Este estudio empleó dos estaciones meteorológicas y dos cenirrómetros sobre superficie de referencia, ubicando un cenirrómetro y una estación al interior de la casa de malla y los otros dos en el exterior, con el objetivo de observar la influencia de la casa de malla en la evapotranspiración de los cenirrómetros y la evapotranspiración de referencia o ETo. Los resultados mostraron que al interior de la casa de malla se redujo la velocidad de viento, la humedad relativa y la radiación solar, y se incrementó la temperatura. Estos cambios generaron la reducción de ETo en un 20 % y la evaporación del cenirrómetro en un 27 %, por lo que se concluye que las casas de malla son una opción para reducir el consumo de agua del cultivo.
Ecología humana a través de la teoría del comportamiento planeado y jerarquización de necesidades en cacaocultores
Authors: Arias Sánchez Laura , Aguilar Marín Vanessa , Guacaneme Barrera Carmen Milena , Cerón Muñoz Mario Fernando
Published: September 2023

En los sistemas productivos hay una estrecha relación entre los productores y la naturaleza. Esta situación ha sido estudiada dentro de la ecología humana, por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la percepción que tenían los cacaocultores de Caucasia y Necoclí (Antioquia, Colombia) sobre el vínculo del ser humano con la naturaleza. Se realizaron 74 visitas diagnósticas a productores y se analizó la información mediante ecuaciones estructurales, teniendo en cuenta las variables latentes: actitud, norma subjetiva, percepción de control, intención, comportamiento y satisfacción de necesidades inferiores y superiores. Los resultados indicaron que los productores consideran importante el cuidado de la naturaleza, el cual se encuentra influenciado en mayor parte por el entorno natural, y en menor medida por la familia y la comunidad. Además, consideraron tener las capacidades y conocimientos, pero no las herramientas para hacerlo, manifestaron tener la intención de desarrollar acciones, pero en menor medida expresaron que efectivamente estas acciones fueran implementadas. También consideraron que la mayoría de necesidades se satisfacen fácilmente al vivir en entornos naturales. Se obtuvieron dos modelos de ecuaciones estructurales: a) para el comportamiento planeado, en el cual se identificó que la actitud incide en la intención y en el comportamiento, y b) para las necesidades, en el que la satisfacción de necesidades inferiores facilita la satisfacción de necesidades superiores. En conclusión, el cuidado de la naturaleza es importante para los productores participantes y el entorno natural facilita la satisfacción de necesidades.
Lipid profile and oxidative stability of beef cuts from Urabá (Antioquia, Colombia): A step towards global commercialization
Authors: Restrepo Molina Diego Alonso , Álvarez Henao Maria Victoria , Rojano Benjamín , Alzate Arbeláez Andrés Felipe , Duarte-Correa Yudy
Published: September 2023

The commercialization of beef is an activity of great relevance for the department of Antioquia (Colombia), particularly in the Urabá region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fat content, lipid composition, and some indicators of lipid oxidation and protein in beef from the Urabá region. 72 samples of beef cuts (loin and neck) of categories 3, 4 and 5 stars were analyzed. There were no statistical differences (p > 0.05) between the fat content of cuts from the neck (11.64 ± 7.25 %) and loin (10.49 ± 5.60 %), or in the amount of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fat. There was no difference between the samples evaluated for lipid oxidation (TBARS). The lowest protein oxidation (4.48 ± 0.21 nmol carbonyl compounds/mg protein) and peroxide values (2.71 ± 0.12 mEq oxygen/kg sample) coincided with the samples with the lowest total fat content. The results provide tools for establishing quality standards for meat from this region that will allow it to enter new markets in the future.
Pitahaya amarilla (Selenicereus megalanthus) en Miraflores, Boyacá, Colombia. Una perspectiva de capital social en una asociación de productores
Authors: Castillo Reina Miguel Ángel , Pérez Martínez Nely , Ruiz Rosas Iván David
Published: September 2023

Con un mercado internacional en expansión y consolidación, dada su condición de fruta exótica, la pitahaya amarilla (Selenicereus megalanthus) se ha constituido como una alternativa de producción agrícola en varios municipios de la provincia de Lengupá, en el departamento de Boyacá en Colombia. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación adelantada mediante métodos mixtos con productores asociados a la organización PITAFCOL en el municipio de Miraflores. Su objetivo es describir las características de la fruta, su mercado, las condiciones socioeconómicas de los integrantes de la asociación, así como conocer sus actitudes de confianza, reciprocidad y solidaridad bajo la perspectiva del capital social (de tipo bonding). Las conclusiones apuntan a la necesidad de fortalecer la confianza al interior de la organización para su consolidación, la mejora de prácticas organizacionales y la necesidad de buscar nuevos aliados para la transformación que generen valor agregado al producto, así como actividades económicas alternativas.