bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
قــســـمــة الأعــيــان: دراسة فقهية مقارنة (The Division of Objects: A Juridical Comparative Study), (Pembahagian Harta: Kajian Fiqh Perbandingan)
Authors: صباح مازن مصباح
Published: July 2019

ملخص  البحث يتناول هذا البحث موضوعاً متعلقاً بقسمة المال المشترك بين الشركاء وهو قسمة الأعيان التي تعد نوعاً من أنواع القسمة. ولقد جاء هذا البحث في أربعة مباحث، في المبحث الأول: عرَّفنا القسمة وبينا مشروعيتها وأهميتها، وجاء المبحث الثاني متضمناً أنواع قسمة الأعيان، وأمَّا المبحث الثالث فقد جاء متضمناً بيان الضرر الذي ينشأ عن القسمة والذي قد يلحق بالشركاء جميعاً أو بأحدهم، وفي المبحث الرابع والأخير بينا حكم بيع المال المشترك الذي لا يمكن قسمته، ثم جاءت الخاتمة متضمنة أهم نتائج البحث. الكلمات الرئيسة: قسمة الأعيان، الشركاء، بيع المال، المال المشترك، قسمة المنافع. Abstract This research focuses on an issue that is related to the division of common property among partners, which is the division of objects. The research includes four sections. In the first section, we have defined the division (al-qismah) and showed its legitimacy and importance. The second section shows the kinds of the division of objects (qismat al-a‘yÉn), whereas the third discusses the damages arising from the division and which may harm all partners or any of them. In the fourth section, we have showed the rule of selling the common property which cannot be divided. Finally, the conclusion includes the most significant findings of the research.    Key Words: Division of Objects, Partners, Sale of Property, Common Property, Division of Benefits. Abstrak Kajian ini menyelidik isu itu pembahagian harta sepencarian antara rakan-rakan kongsi. Ia adalah berkenaan pembahagian aset-aset dan juga jenis bahagian-bahagiannya. Kajian ini merangkumi empat bidang. Dalam bidang pertama, kami menyatakan takrifan bahagian dan menyatakan aspek perundangannya. Bidang kedua menunjukkan jenis-jenis aset-aset, manakala bidang yang ketiga membincangkan perkara-perkara negatif yang mungkin muncul daripada pembahagian itu yang boleh memberikan kesan kepada rakan-rakan kongsi yang berkenaan. Dalam bidang keempat, kami menyatakan undang-undang berkenaan penjualan harta sepencarian yang tidak boleh dibahagikan. Akhirnya, kesimpulan akan menyatakan dapatan-dapatan kajian yang terpenting.  Kata Kunci: Pembahagian Harta, Perkongsian, Jual-beli, Harta Perkongsian, Pembahagian Manafaat.
الإسلام في الصين رؤية موضوعية واقعية
Authors: ما تشنغ بين الصيني يونس عبد الله
Published: July 2019

ظل الإسلام والمسلمون في الصين لقرون طويلة مجهولين لا يكاد يسمع العالم عنهما شيئا. ولهذا يحاول الباحث تسليط الضوء من خلال هذا البحث على طبيعة الإسلام في أرض الصين، كاشفا أمر الإسلام والمسلمين، ومبينا محاولتهم الحفاظ على دينهم، وتعليم شعائرهم، وما يواجهونه من تحديات في الوقت الحاضر. وإن المعلومات والتحليلات في هذا البحث ناتجة عن قراءة الباحث لتاريخ الصين، وخبرته بصفته مسلما صينيا من قومية ";;;;هوي";;;; وثمرة لما شاهد من أوضاع إيجابية وسلبية بين المسلمين في الصين في الالتزام بالدين علما وعملا، ثقافة وتربية.يرى الباحث أن الطفرة الاقتصادية والتنافس بين الناس في تحقيق الرغبات المادية، جعل المسلمين الصينيين أهملوا الجانب الروحي، فإذا لم يلتفت إليهم بالإصلاح والتربية سيصبحوا فريسة، فلا يملكوا من الإسلام إلا اسما، ومن الدين إلا رسما فقط
Heritage of Islamic Ethics and Contemporary Issues A Call for Relevantization
Authors: Malik Mohammad Manzoor
Published: July 2019

This study addresses the subject of Islamic ethics from definitional and disciplinary perspectives. It highlights the need for relevantization of Islamic ethics to contemporary issues in a systematic manner which, in turn, calls for development of Islamic ethics as a complete discipline with ability to meet all types of challenges: conceptual, practical, normative, applicative, etc. Regarding the definitional issue, different from and more expansive than the traditional understanding of al-ākhlāq, the researcher argues that a proper definition of ethics should include ethically relevant habits, character, and behavior in its subject matter. As an academic discipline of paramount, practical significance, Islamic ethics should adequately address metaethical, normative, and applicative aspects of the subject. In terms of metaethics, Islamic ethics is derived from revealed knowledge; whereas, principles of Islamic jurisprudence (usËl al-fīqh)offers the best available methodology for the discipline in meeting demands of normativity and application. Regarding the nature of the subject of Islamic ethics, the researcher argues that understanding Islamic ethics as virtue ethics is unjustifiable reduction because a careful study of the subject from its sources would prove that Islamic ethics is rather an integrated field comprising of virtues ethics, divine command theory, duty-based ethics, etc. Therefore, Islamic ethics should be developed, taught, and learned as a whole composite of above-mentioned elements.
The Appropriate Approaches For Successful Transfer Of Knowledge In Contemporary Muslim Civilization
Authors: Zehadul Karim A.H.M , Bin Hj. Bakar Mohd Isa
Published: July 2019

It is often argued that the most important aspect of knowledge and technology is that it must be disseminated properly among the beneficiaries for whom it is actually created. The scientists and the researchers therefore have suggested a number of approaches through which knowledge and technologies have been diffused to many cultures of the world. Likewise, the knowledge and technology created by the modern world and as they are approved by social norms and religious values, may also be disseminated especially to the present Muslim communities. In this context, it is important to identify the most suitable and appropriate approaches and their proper uses in the contemporary Muslim societies. Our understanding of the production, dissemination and the application of knowledge and technology may be enhanced through an attitudinal change of the people and mobilizing them properly through the socio-religious guidance and values. It also tries to evaluate some successful approaches so far employed in transferring knowledge and technology pertinent to agricultural development throughout the Muslim world. Based on the discussion, the paper concluded in the form of some suggestions which the policy planners in the Muslim countries may adopt in their planning strategies for scientific innovation and transferring knowledge.
Islam and the West: Coexistence or Clash?
Authors: Osmani Noor Mohammad , Al-Mubarak Tawfique
Published: July 2019

Samuel Huntington (1927-2008) claimed that there would be seven eight civilizations ruling over the world in the coming centuries, thus resulting a possible clash among them. The West faces the greatest challenge from the Islamic civilization, as he claimed. Beginning from the Cold-War, the Western civilization became dominant in reality over other cultures creating an invisible division between the West and the rest. The main purpose of this research is to examine the perceived clash between the Western and Islamic Civilization and the criteria that lead a civilization to precede others. The research would conduct a comprehensive review of available literatures from both Islamic and Western perspectives, analyze historical facts and data and provide a critical evaluation. This paper argues that there is no such a strong reason that should lead to any clash between the West and Islam; rather, there are many good reasons that may lead to a peaceful coexistence and cultural tolerance among civilizations
Between Theology and Religion: Ibn Taymiyyah’s Methodological Approach and its Contemporary Relevance
Authors: Abdullah Ismail
Published: July 2019

Religious beliefs and theological scrutiny of those beliefs exist side by side with each other from the time immemorial. Religious beliefs seek to continuously characterise and regenerate values, feelings, imaginations and actual daily activities of a person whosoever. Theology stands to scrutinize such religious beliefs, thoughts and values to see whether these beliefs and values are sustainable in human life based on reasoning. Although there is hardly any distinctive single definition for theology, it is said to be the rational inquiry into religious matters such as the nature of God and the truth of the sacred scriptures or, in a broader sense, it is a system of thought which attempts to present what we can know and understand about God in an organised and understandable manner. However, throughout the human history, questions related to the rapport between religion and theology particularly whether that relationship is harmonious or contradictory and what are the proper rational theological means to understand and interpret the nature of God as well as God’s Words, have long been the main concern of theologians, philosophers as well as religious scholars. Ibn Taymiyyah (1263-1328) was one of the prominent Muslim theologians who endeavoured to comprehend the nature of this relationship and produced numerous volumes on this subject. Ibn Taymiyyah maintains that religion and theology are not contradictory to each other; they are both rather complementary to each other. He believes that the religious teachings can be further clarified and validated through the application of theological approach. He also raises the question as to the nature of the theological methodology. He invites the philosophers to deliberate over the issue whether the matters concerning the religion are purely rational. It seems that Ibn Taymiyyah’s concern and suggestions are of universal nature, thus making them still relevant to the 21stcentury world. This paper seeks to explain his methodological approach to religion and theology with a view to substantiating its contemporary relevance. Analytical and comparative methods will be applied in this paper.
Civilization In An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Farooqui Jamil
Published: July 2019

Civilization is a multidimensional concept used in different connotations and meanings. It signifies the ideological fervor that contours the edifice of a society and shapes the formation of social institutions. It sets up the goals which individuals and society strive to attain and develop different social mechanisms and organizations to that effect. It directs individuals to lead life in a distinct way for a distinct purpose. Civilization in Islamic intellectual ethos is to uphold Allah’s guidance, and establish His order on earth. Islamic civilization is based on the revelatory doctrine underlying the sovereignty and ascendency of Allah (swt) and its manifestation in every walk of individual  and social life. It reflects a composite system of life based on the supremacy of Allah (swt), adores human dignity, maintains righteousness and justice and promotes moderation in thought and action.
Islam and Modernity: A Case of Muslim Female Engineers in Malaysia
Authors: Abd. Rokis Rohaiza
Published: July 2019

Malaysia is portrayed as one of the modern and developed Muslim nations. Its rapid modern development in physical structure impressed many people. However, little is known about the situation of its non-physical structure, particularly the religious and normative values. This paper rests on the stance that individuals’ religious values remain despite the nation’s effort towards modernisation, particularly in the relations of women and profession. To achieve the purpose, this article explores the paradoxes relating to the intricate relationships between the traditional feminine social expectations and modern engineering profession experienced by Muslim female engineers and students in Malaysia. The research is a structured interview design on thirty-six Muslim female engineers and engineering students. It found that there were potential self-presentation crises, particularly when women participated in a male-dominated workplace. The gendering issues in engineering overwhelmingly projected the collision between modernism and traditionalism. Such a blending situation depended on very careful management as being women with a clear expectation towards traditional feminine roles and responsibilities, while at the same time they have to present themselves in a business-like, modern manner in terms of competence, commitment and ambitious targets to claim a rightful place in the engineering world. Modernisation has not been able to change women’s traditional attitude. Though they may be modernised, educated and professional, these women are still traditional at heart.
The Impacts of Globalization on Mental Disorders: An Effective Solution From Islamic Perspective
Authors: Abdul Razak Abdul Latif
Published: July 2019

Nowadays, the world in general is witnessing the frightening increase of psychological problems.  This is due to the fast developmental changes brought by globalization and the marginalization of religion. Secular and irreligious psychological approaches which reject the spiritual aspects of man could not resolve the problems.  Religion with its beliefs and practices guarantees the best and effective solutions to the problems. The challenge is how to apply those religious beliefs and practices in remedying those psychological problems. This requires right understanding of religious concepts and principles and the internalizations of these principles into daily life.  This paper tries to embark upon discourse on the true understanding of the nature of man, his uniqueness compared to animal, and the meaning and purpose of his life.  This true understanding of the nature of man leads to the understanding of the root causes of the problems and not the symptomatic ones.  Consequently, the proper remedy can be given to cure these illnesses.
Mercy as Benchmark of Social Relationship: A Reflection
Authors: Abdullah Fatimah
Published: July 2019

Allah is All-Merciful and Oft-Forgiving. When Allah breathed into man His own Spirit, He indeed transferred into his nature essence of some of His attributes, including mercy and forgiveness. Islam teaches its followers to be merciful and forgiving to others. This Islamic teaching forms the basis of social relationship among believers and also non-believers. The social relationship based on, among others, the principle of mercy leads not only to the pleasure of Allah and to the paradise in the hereafter but also brings about a total change in human life on the earth, creating an environment replete with peace, love, trust, and development. This article tries to highlight the role of mercy in human life.
Religious Tolerance in Islam: Theories, Practices and Malaysia’s Experiences as a Multi Racial Society
Authors: Fadzil Ammar
Published: July 2019

Religious tolerance in Islam can be looked at from two perspectives:  firstly, the theory of religious tolerance particularly propounded in the Qur’an; secondly, the practices of religious tolerance exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad and his Successors. Islam as a religion consists of certain principles that deal with its adherents and non-adherents. Some of these principles are very fundamental for Muslims, who raise a question as to what extent Islam allows its adherents to tolerate others in matters that affect these fundamental principles. This question is very much relevant to multi-racial and multi-religious Malaysia which has its experiences of harmony among its various religious communities, reducing tension within the society. This article discusses all these dimensions of religious tolerance with special reference to Malaysia, concluding that tolerance can be achieved only when there is a mutual understanding amongst the members of a society and an eagerness to respect each other’s rights.
Muslim Women Today: Challenges in Achieving their Full Potential in Resource Management
Authors: A/p P.Panjalingam P.Nesamalar
Published: July 2019

Islam advocates equality among all people regardless of race, gender, or nationality. However, Muslim women face numerous obstacles that stand in the way of achieving their full potential in resource management. Certain interpretations of religious teachings and Islamic law, especially those related to property allocation and divorce deny Muslim women what they are rightfully entitled to. Many patriarchal societies tend to have clearly defined roles for males and females. Besides that, many girls are denied access to educational opportunities although education and learning is greatly revered in Islam. All these factors cause Muslim women to doubt themselves and lack self-confidence in what they could achieve. At work, women are often paid lower salaries and have fewer opportunities for career advancement, especially in the fields of management, technology, and science. In leadership positions they have to fight harder for respect. Many Muslim women in countries like Oman, Pakistan, Indonesia, and other Islamic nations face these challenges. This paper discusses these factors with the hope that understanding them could lead to more efficient management and utilization of resources in Muslim countries.
Islamic Da‘wah and Civilizational Development: A Reflection
Authors: Mumtaz Ali Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Generally, DaÑwah is defined as a struggle of the followers of a religion to convert people from other religions. This misrepresentation has not only created misunderstandings about Islam and Islamic movement, it has also affected negatively the image of Islam and Islamic movement in the world.  Islam represents the truth concerning human life and ultimate bliss in both this world and the hereafter. The Qur’an is the source of true and authentic knowledge which provides guidance for the well-being of mankind and stands for the development of civilization. This paper contends that the purpose of DaÑwah needs to be presented in the context of civilizational development rather than in the context of religious conversion.
Muslim Scholars’ Contribution in Hadith Authentication
Authors: Khan Israr Ahmad
Published: July 2019

During and after the caliphate of the third Caliph, ‘UthmÉn ibn ‘AffÉn people from different backgrounds and persuasions with criminal mentality tried to corrupt the ×adÊth of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.). Muslim scholars, on the other hand, did not remain silent spectators of the alarming situation; they rose to the occasion and did all that they could to preserve the authenticity and sanctity of sayings of the Prophet (s.a.w.). This preservation and authentication were ensured from both angles, chain of the reporters, and text of the report. This paper represents a humble attempt to introduce contributions of some scholars in the past as well as today towards authentication of ×adÊth.
Iqbal: An Analysis on his Life, Works and Mission
Authors: Abdul Razak Mohd Abbas
Published: July 2019

The Islamic world has witnessed the emergence of great number of Muslim scholars. The names of those who made positive contributions are mentioned till to these days. The poet-philosopher Allama Muhammad Iqbal is one of those great scholars who have left a legacy behind to be followed by other scholars particularly in the area of how to deal with the West. His own reconciliatory approach in dealing between the West and the Islamic world should be an interesting one. Within the confines of this paper, the researcher would like to explore and analyze the life, works and mission of Iqbal, focusing on his philosophical approach to Muslim ummah.
Legal and Social Viability of Polygamy: An Analysis
Authors: Ansari Abdul Haseeb , Md. Hassan Ahmed Kyaw Hla Win
Published: July 2019

In Islam, a Muslim male is allowed to have up to four wives provided all wives are treaty equally and do not suffer from any kind of discrimination. The divine injunction of equal treatment is actually for protecting rights of the wives. It is for this reason that many Muslim countries have enacted laws for providing protection to wives. One of the notable legal principles is that a man, who has a wife, cannot marry with another female without permission of the first wife, and so on; or he can do so if allowed by the court of competent jurisdiction. Some other countries, like Tunisia, have banned polygamy. This, in effect, is denial to the right guaranteed in the SharÊ‘ah to both Muslim males and females, as in certain circumstances polygamy brings happiness to the family. For example, if wife is suffering from some kind of contagious disease and the husband is deprived of fulfilling his sexual desire, in view of the ban, he will have to divorce his first wife in order to marry with some other female. In India, in such a situation, there are reports that the firs wife, who is already in agony of a disease, is either burned or divorced on the basis of mutual consent, which is generally based on duress or payment of inappropriate amount of money. This is violation of matrimonial rights guaranteed by the SharÊ‘ah and constitutions of modern states. The paper discusses the human right aspect of polygamy referring to various religious positions and law in some Muslim countries. The paper concludes that polygamy should be allowed but law should be designed in such a way that the divine injunction of equal treatment of all wives is ensured.
Nurturing Creativity from the Classroom to Workplace: A Reflection on Its Possibility
Authors: Panjalingam Nesamalar
Published: July 2019

There is increasing awareness that encouraging creativity from a young age is important. This is because the present Malaysian education system seems to encourage conformity rather than creativity. From the moment children enrol in local schools, they are encouraged to memorise and churn out ‘right’ answers to the questions that are posed to them. This is diametrically the opposite of what children really like when they are young, when they question everything around them and are creative in finding solutions to the problems they encounter as they navigate their way through new situations and environments. However, by the time they enter the workforce they may have the theoretical knowledge to deal with clearly defined situations, but are unable to cope with the ambiguities of real life. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how creativity can be nurtured in the classroom.
النقد التاريخي وأثره في الحديث الشريف وعلومه
Authors: بانقا أحمد المجتبى , منصور محمد سعد الدين
Published: July 2019

لقد أولى المحدثون اهتمامًا بالغاً بالتاريخ في مجال التطبيقات النقدية، لاسيما في البناء المنهجيّ لأسانيد الحديث وألفاظه. قال أبو عبد الله الحميدي: ";;;;ثلاثة أشياء من عُلوم الحديث يجب تقديم التَّهَمُّم بها: العلل، والمُؤتلف، والمُختلف، ووفيات الشُّيوخ، وليس فيه كتاب. يعني على الاستقصاء، وإلاَّ ففيه كُتب، «كالوفيات» لابن زَبْر، ولابن قَانع، وذيَّلَ على ابن زَبْر الحافظ عبد العزيز بن أحمد الكتَّانى، ثمَّ أبو مُحمَّد الأكفانى، ثمَّ الحافظ أبو الحسن بن المُفَّضل، ثمَّ المُنْذري، ثمَّ الشَّريف عز الدِّين أحمد بن مُحمَّد الحُسَيني، ثمَّ المُحدِّث أحمد بن أيبك الدِّمياطي، ثمَّ الحافظ أبو الفَضْل العِرَاقي";;;;. وبرزت وفق ذلك قواعد علمية ساهمت بدور فاعل في تجلية كثير من العلوم الأخرى التي طالما افتقدت بشكل أساس للمنهج التأصيلي الحديثي بوصفه إحدى دعائم التشريع الإسلامي في مجالي العمل والاعتقاد. ومن خلال هذه المداخلة تود الورقة أن تركّز بشكل أساس على إبراز قضايا التاريخ بوصفه ناقداً أصيلاً ومحورياًّ في الفصل من مفردات القواعد التشريعية فيما يختص بالقضايا التأصيلية الحديثية. وعليه فقد دارت محاور البحث.
حديث إرضاع الكبير إشكاليات، أسباب، حلول
Authors: الخيرآبادي محمد أبو الليث
Published: July 2019

سالم مولى أبي حذيفة كان ابنًا بالتبنِّي لأبي حذيفة t منذ صغره، فكان يدخل على زوجته سهلة بنت سهل دون حرج، ثم ألغي حكم التبنِّي في الإسلام، وبلغ سالم مبلغ الرجال، ومع ذلك هو كان يدخل على زوجته كالسابق، وبدأ أبو حذيفة يستاء من ذلك، فشكت زوجته إلى رسول الله r ذلك، فقال لها: «أرضعيه»، فأرضعته فذهب من أبي حذيفة ذلك الاستياء. فهذا لوحظ فيه ثلاث إشكاليات، وهي: أنه يعارض أحاديث أخرى صحيحة مروية عن عائشة وغيرها تقيِّد الرضاعة بما قبل الفطام. وأن ظاهر عبارة ";;أرضعيه";; يتنافى مع الذوق السليم والفطرة السليمة. وأن عائشة رضي الله عنها كانت تأمر أخواتها وبنات أخيها بإرضاع الرجال الذين تريد أن يدخلوا عليها. فحلت الإشكالية الأولى بأن التحريم بإرضاع الكبير لا يوجَّه إلا لمن تكون بمثابة أمٍّ لمن سترضعه، كسهلة لسالم. وأما كونه معارضًا للذوق السليم فيمكن أن تحلب المرأة اللبنَ في إناء، ثم تعطيه إياه فيشربه منه. وأما إشكالية دخول الرجال الأجانب على عائشة رضي الله عنها بطريق الرضاع، فلا توجد رواية واحدة مذكور فيها أنها عملت بهذا الرأي وأدخلت عليها الرجال، فيبدو أن هذه الروايات مدسوسة على الرواة.
الغزو الفكري وأثره على منهج سعيد النورسي في تفسيره للآيات القرآنية
Authors: جاسم ليث سعود , ابن حسب الله وزمخشري
Published: July 2019

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة الغزو الفكري وأثره على منهج سعيد النورسي في تفسيره للآيات القرآنية، والكشف عن أهم مظاهر تعامل النورسي مع أحداث الغزو الفكري وآثاره على منهجه التفسيري. ويتجلّى ذلك في المواقف التي اتّخذها النورسي من ذلك الغزو في مختلف الجوانب؛ العقدية، والسياسية، والاجتماعية، والاقتصادية، والتعليمية. وقد قام بهذا الأمر من أجل التصدي للآثار السيّئة التي قد أنتجها ذلك الغزو في أوساط الأمة الإسلامية بعامة، وفي تركيا بخاصة.
الإثيوبي ومنهجه في شرح مقدمة صحيح مسلم: كتاب قرة عين المحتاج شرح مقدمة مسلم بن الحجاج
Authors: محمد سعد الدين منصور
Published: July 2019

هذا البحث، يتناول عالمًا من العلماء المعاصرين، خاصة في علم الحديث من خلال كتاب له عرف  ﺑ(قرة عين المحتاج شرح مقدمة صحيح مسلم بن الحجاج) حيث ترجمت لصاحب الكتاب، وهو من أهل  مكة المكرمة، وتناولت الدراسة، موضوعات الكتاب وخدمته لصحيح مسلم، ويعد هذا المؤلف، من الكتب التى خدمت  صحيح مسلم، مع بيان بعض الملاحظات التى سطرتها عليه.
بيع الدَّين وأثره في الأسواق المالية
Authors: صوالحي يونس , محمد الشريف ابن عوالي
Published: July 2019

إن بيع الدَّين هو من فقه المعاملات المالية الإسلامية التى يتعامل الناس به منذ زمن، لكنه أصبح أكثر انتشارًا في وقتنا الحاضر، ومن سمات العصر الحديث، حيث نجد الفرد إمّا دائنًا أو مدينًا، بل يوجد في وقتنا هذا مؤسسات قائمة أصلاً على التعامل بالديون، كالأسواق المالية، فكثير من الناس والمؤسسات يتعاملون بالمداينات بشتى صورها وأشكالها، دون معرفة هذه المعاملة هل هي حلال أو حرام، وهذا المعنى هو ما أشار إليه النبي r في قوله: «يأتي على الناس زمان لا يبالي المرء ما أخذ منه، أمن الحلال أم من الحرام»، بالإضافة إلى ذلك فإن بيع الدَّين بأنواعه وصوره المتعددة له أثر كبير في تدهور الأسواق المالية التقليدية في العالم، وهو في يوم الناس هذا قوام عمل الأسواق المالية التي تتداول فيها الأموال بآلاف البلايين من الدولارات، فالعالم اليوم يغرق في الديون، على مستوى الأفراد، والشركات والحكومات وفيما بين الدول.
Sa‘Êd Nūrsī’s Approach to the Principles of Reasoning Vis-à-vis Analogical Inductive Reasoningp; Pendirian Pemikiran Said Nūrsī berhubung Pemikran Analogis Induktif
Authors: Akgunduz Ahmed
Published: July 2019

Abstract Analogical inductive reasoning (al-qiyās al-tamthīlī) is to some scholars a controversial issue related to Islamic law and logic. It is argued that this kind of qiyās can only afford non-certain knowledge in Islamic law. Bedi‘uzamān Said Nūrsī (1876-1960) however, evaluated this kind of qiyās and argued that there also exists al-qiyās al-tamthīlī which affords certain knowledge. This problem may not be appreciated unless information regarding the proofs (al-’adillah wa al-Íujaj) and the ways of inference (isÏinbāt) and argumentation (istidlāl) in logic and Islamic law is discussed. For that matter stand of great scholars like Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728) and Ibn al-Qayyim (d. 751) have been shared in. They have actually gone the same way with different nuances.
المتنبي بين الثعالبي والقرطاجني: دراسة نقدية وصفية
Authors: كفافي منذر ذيب
Published: July 2019

المتنبي له مكانة علمية مرموقة عند الشّعراء والأدباء، ومن هنا جاءت هذه الدراسة لتعطي هذا الشاعر حقه الذي امتاز به عند النقاد العرب القدامى، ليظهر فضله النقدي الفني على النقاد العرب، وليتبين مدى الخدمات الجليلة التي قدمها للآخرين، وقد حصر الباحث هذه الدراسة بين كتابين: الأول  ";;يتيمة الدهر في محاسن أهل العصر";; للثعالبي، حيث وقفت عند الجديد الذي اكتشفه الثعالبي في شعر المتنبي، وعلّقت عليه، وتلمست النقد عند الثعالبي،  والثاني ";;منهاج البلغاء وسراج الأدباء";; للقرطاجني حيث ذكرت الخصائص النفسية والعقلية والثـقافية، والفنية التجديدية، والحكمية عند المتنبي، وبعض القضايا التي حققها المتنبي للقرطاجني، كقضية الخيال في النظم، والنزعة الشعرية، والتسويم، والتحجيل، والإبداع في الجمع بين الأسلوب الشعري القائم على التخييل والأسلوب الخطابي القائم على الإقناع.
التعامل بالدين: مصالحه ومفاسده وآدابه في الشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: باجوري محمد إحسان بن سوريان شاه
Published: July 2019

يهدف هذا البحث إلى الإلمام بالمصالح والمفاسد الدنيوية والأخروية للتعامل بالدين في ضوء الواقع الملموس في المجتمع الإسلامي وفي ضوء نصوص الشريعة الواردة في هذا الباب، كما يهدف البحث إلى معرفة الآداب الشرعية في التعامل مع الناس عن طريق الدين. ولتحقيق الهدف الذى يرمى إليه البحث يُستخدم المنهج الوصفي فى كتابته كما يُستخدم المنهج التحليلي للتعمق فى فهم المسائل. وتصل الدراسة إلى أن التعامل بالدين جائز ومشروع لما فيه مصالح للناس، غير أن مفاسد الدين الدنيوية والأخروية أكثر من مصالحه، ولذلك لا بد من الحذر منها قبل أخذ القرار للدخول في هذا النوع من المعاملة، وإذا اضطر المرء أو احتاج حاجة ملحة إلى الدين فإن هناك آدابا إسلامية في التعامل بالدين يجب مراعاتها والالتزام بها لكي تجلب مصالح الدين وتدفع مفاسده الدنيوية والأخروية.
أحاديث الطب ومنزلتها في الحجية
Authors: غوجي كبير
Published: July 2019

إن هذا البحث يدور حول دراسة مسألة مهمة، وهي مسألة حجّية أحاديث الطب في السنة النبوية، ومن المعلوم  أن القرآن الكريم وكتب السنة المشرفة ليست كتب طب أو هندسة أو زراعة أو نحو ذلك من العلوم التجريبية، إلا أنها قد حوت قبساً من هذه العلوم، للتدليل على مصدرها الإلهي، ولذا اختلف العلماء في احتجاج بأحاديث الطب، هل يحتج بها كسائر الأحاديث أم لا؟  وفي هذا البحث سأناقش هذه المسألة، لأنها تحتاج إلى الدراسة والتمحيص حتى يتبين الراجح في الاحتجاج بأحاديث الطب أوعدمه. وفي نهاية البحث توصل الباحث إلى أن الأحاديث التي تتناول الأمور الدنيوية- مثل أحاديث الطب- لا تختلف عن أحاديث التشريع فهي أيضاً وحي من الله – عز وجل-، وأن الحقائق العلمية والطبية الواردة في الأحاديث الطبية أيدها العلم الحديث، وأكدها الطب الجديد والاكتشافات العصرية الحديثة، مما يدل دلالة لا لبس فيها، أن الذي أوحاها لرسول الله- صلى الله عليه وسلم-  هو رب العالمين، وليست من تلقاء نفسه.
Islamic Psychology and the Call for Islamization of Modern Psychology
Authors: And Nik Ahmad Hisham Mohd Abbas Abdul Razak
Published: July 2019

The shifting of paradigms in modern psychology has left modern men in a state of confusion on the issues pertaining to what should be the paramount concern of psychology and in the proper understanding on the topic of human nature. In a contrastive manner Islamic psychology which has been promoted by Muslim scholars alongside with the process of Islamization of knowledge and education, has its roots in the philosophical ideas of early Muslim scholars. Its resurgence, which started some two decades ago, is seen as an initiative to introduce Islamic understanding on man to the conflicting ideas prevalent in modern psychology. Its approach, which is mainly philosophical in nature, goes back to the ideas on man mentioned in the two primary sources of Islam, the Qur’an and ×adÊth. Islamic psychology with its comprehensive ideas on human nature has been seen by Muslim scholars as a new perspective in psychology that can fill in the lacunae present in the modern psychological thoughts on man, and clears the mist that surrounds most Western theories on man. This paper represents an attempt to analyze and also synthesize Western psychology and Islamic psychology in terms of their nature, development, contributions, and problems.
Non-Muslims` Citizenship in Islamic Law: A Critique from the Constitutional Perspective
Authors: Haneef Sayed Sikandar Shah
Published: July 2019

Non-Muslim permanent residents of an Islamic state were traditionally conferred a kind of nationality status which was juridically defined as dhimmah (protected).   With the demise of Islamic Caliphate System and the constitutional collapse of its underlying principles and the subsequent emergence of nation-states, its retention, redefinition, or even abandonment became a subject of intense debate particularly among modern jurists. By and large, within juristic community the discourse has followed two divergent trends, namely the paradigm of traditionalists and that of re-constructionists. The former regards dhimmah as a permanently fixed concept and an integral part of immutable laws of the sharÊ‘ah, while the latter views it as a historically contingent institution capable of adaptation to fit the notion of modern citizenship in post-caliphate modern nation states. Consequently, this tussle has given rise to two divergent discourses among the researchers outside the Islamic faith. Some hail the traditionalist approach as more authentic voice, while others applaud the re-constructionist project as more sensible alternative paradigm capable of harmonizing Islamic law with modern notion of citizenship for Non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim state as envisioned by Universal Declaration of Human Rights (see article 15). This article proves that in both sides of the divide the emphasis on constitutional dimension of the issue has not been sufficiently explored hence attempts to place the debate in its true context so as to avoid the folly of singularly insisting on reinstating the dhimmah without the ability to revive its constitutional bases or wholly equating it with the concept of citizenship in a liberal sense as some make us to enunciate.
اختلاف آراء الفقهاء حول تطبيق منتجات التورق المنظم، وبيع العينة، والدَّين في المصارف الإسلامية
 Differing views of Islamic jurists on the implementation of organized tawarruq products, bay‘ al-‘aynah, and credit by Islamic banks
Authors: (Al Mahmoud) محمود بن محمد علي محمود
Published: July 2019

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان الطريقة التي تُطبّق بها منتجات المصارف الإسلامية الماليزيّة، ومعالجة تلك التطبيقات التي أدّت إلى الخلاف بين فقهاء ماليزيا والمشرق الإسلامي. ووضّحت الدراسة محلّ الإختلافات الفقهيّة مُبيّنة أنَّ ما يُثار من مثل هذه الخلافات يتركّز في طريقة تطبيق بعض صور المسائل الإجتهاديّة التي أخذت بها الهيئات الشرعيّة في ماليزيا، وهذه الأساليب في طريقها للترشيد إلى الثواب. وقد اعتمد الباحث على المنهجين الأساسيين وهما: المنهج التحليلي النقدي، والمنهج المقارن بغية الوصول إلى النتائج المرجُوّة. وأخيرًا، قد تحفّظ الباحث على طريقة بعض الأساليب التي تُطبّق بها منتجات المعاملات الماليّة، مُوضّحةً آراء الفقهاء المعاصرين، وحُكم الشرع فيها، مما يلزم النظر فيها ومُراجعة تطبيقها لتنضبط بالضوابط الشرعية. الكلمات المفتاحية: آراء الفقهاء، التورق المنظم، بيع العينة، الدين، المصارف الإسلامية**************************This study aims to describe how Malaysian Islamic banking products are implemented and how some of these implementations lead to disagreement between the Islamic jurists of Malaysia and Islamic East. The study pointed out the areas of juristic differences indicating that these differences are rooted in the process of applying some forms of ijtihÉdÊ issues that are accepted by the Malaysian religious bodies and these methods are in the process of improvement towards accuracy. The researcher maintained reservation on some methods applied in the products of financial transactions; in doing so, the researcher explained the relevant views of contemporary jurists and Share‘ah rulings that require re-consideration and review of their applications in order to modulate them with Share‘ah regulations. The researcher has relied on two primary approaches: critical cum analytical and comparative. Key words: views of jurists, organized Tawarruq, Bay‘ al-‘Aynah, Credit, Islamic banks.
Design, Formulation and Implementation of an English Language Curriculum from Islamic Perspective
Authors: Ainon Jariah Muhamad and Shahar Mohamed Ismail Mohamed Ismail Ahamad Shah,
Published: July 2019

Curriculum development plays an important role in any educational enterprise. It spells out the crucial components which make up the curriculum and the detailed process in attaining the ultimate objectives of the curriculum. It is crucial that the English language curriculum reflects the aims, educational purpose and Islamic ethos of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). The paper will look into how to accomplish the philosophy, vision and mission of the University, offering suggestions concerning the key components or critical elements that will constitute the foundation of a language curriculum, with a focus on the role of the educator in facilitating language education as well as content factors that are necessary for the development of a language curriculum from an Islamic perspective.
Rigorous Attitudinal Change: Effective Antidote to Religious Fracas in Nigeria
Authors: Shittu Abdulazeez B.
Published: July 2019

Nigeria, the most populous nation in Africa struggles to free itself from turbulent atmosphere and series of bloodbath in the ‘name of religion’. Unfortunately, loss of a large number of innocent lives and unquantifiable property are always recorded in the aftermath of every episode of this cankerworm called religious crises that have ravaged the ‘Giant of Africa’. A situation where innocent lives and property are wasted, bona fide citizens of a nation continue to enjoy refugee status and regarded as a second class group in their own country due to their religious inclination calls for thorough investigation. Religious intolerance has become a major problem in Nigeria in recent past and was subsequently hijacked by political opportunists who use it as a weapon against their opponents. Half-baked religious leaders, sensational report of events by the media also play a role in fuelling religious crises.  As a way of finding permanent solution to this monster in the Nigerian society, this paper looks at the phenomenon from diverse perspectives, with a view to identifying immediate and remote causes of the recurrent conflicts. The paper among other things opines that attitude and feelings of adherents of religions towards fellow countrymen should be revisited as the major religions in the country preach tolerance and love for all human beings. The paper thereby suggests that people of different faiths should imbibe attitudinal change and learn to live with one another in peace in order to make the country a better place for all.
SET-UP OF A KUNDT’S TUBE TO OBTAIN THE SPEED OF SOUND AT
DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES.
Authors: Novara I. , Matar M. , Parodi M.A. , Roatta A. , Gómez B.J. , Repetto C.E.
Published: July 2019

In this work we describe how we designed and built an acoustic system that allowed us to adapt a Kundt’s tube for the measurement of the speed of sound at different temperatures. The air column inside the tube was excited by a speaker at a frequency of 2 kHz. We changed the air column length by moving a piston throughout the tube, and we measured and recorded that length when we observed a resonance signal on the oscilloscope screen. This procedure was repeated at different temperatures, ranging from 19○C to 115○C. Then it was calculated the propagation of the speed of sound based on the temperature. The results were compared with those predicted by the classical model, which assumes that air is an ideal diatomic gas, and that the acoustic phenomenon is an adiabatic process. Finally, it was found a satisfactory agreement between the experimental values and those predicted by the classical model
Penerapan Metode Thresholding Pada Scanner Barcode Untuk Menunjukkan Harga Eceran Tertinggi Berbasis Android ( Studi Kasus PT Sinar Niaga Sejahtera )
Authors: Pawening Tri Sekar , Prabowo Nugroho Agung , Widaryanto Rochim
Published: July 2019

PT Sinar Niaga Sejahtera (SNS) mendistribusikan snack ringan dari produk-produk garudafood. Setiap toko berhak menentukan harga barang dagangannya masing-masing. Apabila harga yang ditentukan terlalu tinggi, akan mengurangi minat pembeli terhadap barang tersebut. Berkurangnya minat ini akan menyebabkan menurunnya jumlah omset penjualan yang dihasilkan oleh pihak distributor. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi yang menujukkan harga eceran tertinggi (HET) suatu produk dari garudafood. Aplikasi ini dapat menjadi dasar dari petugas marketing untuk memberikan informasi kepada pedagang mengenai HET produk serta memanfaatkan kamera smartphone berbasis android dengan menscan barcode EAN-13 yang ada dalam kemasan produk dengan menggunakan metode Thresholding. Metode Thresholding ini berfungsi untuk membaca bar berdasarkan pixel hitam dan putih selanjutnya dihitung agar mengetahui nilai dari barcode tersebut. Barcode yang telah diketahui nilainya akan dikonversi untuk mengetahui kode pabrik produsen barang agar dapat ditampilkan HET-nya. Metode ini melakukan scan batas kode batang untuk selanjutnya dikonversi menjadi kode angka sehingga tidak membaca bagian lain selain barcode, untuk menghindari kesalahan penghitungan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa aplikasi yang berbasis android untuk pemindaian barcode dan sistem yang berbasis web untuk mempermudah admin dalam pengolahan data. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan menjadi sistem yang dirancang dan dibangun dapat memberikan kemudahan kepada petugas marketing dengan menggunakan kamera smartphone berbasis android, guna memberikan informasi tentang harga eceran tertinggi kepada pedagang, agar tidak memberikan harga melebihi dari ketentuan distributor kepada konsumen.
Photo Slide Pada LCD Mikrokontroller Nuvoton NU-LB-NUC140
Authors: Artha Emilya Ully , Widyanto Arry
Published: July 2019

Mikrokontroller merupakan sebuah chip atau IC (Integrated Circuit) yang dapat diisi dengan program. Program mikrokontroller dibuat menggunakan IDE (Integrated Development Environtment) yaitu CooCox. Menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman C dan mikrokontroller Nuvoton NUC410 untuk perangkat keras yang digunakan untuk pembacaan library yang dibuat untuk merubah menjadi nilai hexa. Menggunakan metode riset deskriptif untuk focus pada pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi menggunakan algoritma. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah photo slide yang dimunculkan pada LCD mikrokontroller Nuvoton
Prototype Function Flow Diagram (FFD) - Combined Unified Modelling Language with Data Flow Diagram
Authors: Widaryanto Rochim , Widiyanto Andi , Rifa’i Affan
Published: July 2019

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) adalah proses yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem.  Object Oriented Programming bertujuan untuk mengombinasikan data dan mengasosiasikan method ke dalam satu unit yang bernama objek untuk membangun sistem yang kompleks.. Belum ada satu model yang efektif untuk semua penerapan, karena itu perlu memilih model yang sesuai untuk setiap project. UML saat ini menjadi tool paling penting untuk sistem dengan model berorientasi objek. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan percobaan dari hipotesis yang ada, yaitu sebuah perancangan dengan bentuk yang mirip dengan dfd dengan simbol panah berupa proses atau interaksi yang terjadi di dalam sistem,  baik dari user ke sistem maupun sistem ke data,   dengan bagan terdiri atas aktor, sistem dan data dan dapat dijabarkan lagi pada level berikutnya seperti pada DFD, dapat digunakan untuk perancangan program berorientasi objek. Hasil kombinasi dari UML dengan bentuk DFD menjadi satu konsep yaitu FFD. FFD dapat dilakukan sampai level dasar yaitu fungsi dan query database sehingga FFD akan mempermudah programmer dalam melihat rancangan sistem.
ALAT PENGERING TANPA LISTRIK MENGGUNAKAN SUNLIGHT COLLECTOR TECHNOLOGY OPTIMALISASI PRODUKSI LENTENG
Authors: W Candra Restu , Yuliyani Yuliyani , Y Nur Ivan , Z Fauzi Firdha
Published: July 2019

Lenteng is a food made from flaked cassava batter and then fried. In terms of the shape of the lent has similarities with cassava opak. The application of technology in the production process is still minimal and the limited capital to buy equipment makes the development of UMKM business owned by Mrs. Sudiyati still tend to stagnant. The main problem in the production of Lenteng is the time of drying of the Lenteng which reaches 2 days with traditional drying. The purpose of this research is to make Lenteng dryers that do not use electricity as energy source and design an effective and efficient tool so that it can speed up the drying process to increase the production amount. The output target of this research is the Electric less Dry using Sunlight Collector Technology and being innovative in helping to accelerate the drying process of the Lenteng. The method used in this research is literature study, survey, design or drawing design, dryer manufacture, field testing and analysis, tool evaluation, and preparation of final report of PKM activities.

From the data of dry material test results can be seen that the weight of the product before and after dried in APTL has a difference of 4-11 grams so the result is drier, whereas from the temperature test results data can be seen that the temperature in APTL higher 7-19,1oC which can affect the drying process significantly. Based on these calculations APTL (Dryer Without Electricity can increase production of 4.67 kg of Lenteng from initial production and drying process with increasing temperature up to 69.9 ° C and 10% humidity can dry the lent in 2-3 hours or 4,67- 7X faster than traditional drying, and using APTL can save the drying place, which required 12 rigs to dry 20 kg of lent, with this Dryer only requires 5 dryers with a capacity of 3.752 kg per drying whereas Rigen (traditional) only loading 1, 675 kg per drying
SISTEM REMINDER UNTUK PEMBERITAHUAN MASA JATUH TEMPO PEMBAYARAN SECARA OTOMATIS DI KSP BHAKTI KARYA MAGELANG
Authors: Anam Choirul , Hanafi Mukhtar , Agung Nugroho
Published: July 2019

KSP Bhakti Karya Magelang merupakan suatu koperasi simpan pinjam yang mempermudah masyarakat dalam hal peminjaman dan penanaman modal. Permasalahan muncul ketika sistem yang ada masih manual, sehingga para anggota atau nasabah tidak maksimal dalam mengetahui informasi masa jatuh tempo pembayaran yang ada di koperasi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan sistem reminder untuk memberikan informasi secara otomatis masa jatuh tempo pembayaran kepada anggota di KSP Bhakti Karya. SMS gateway dapat diartikan sebagai suatu penghubung untuk lalu lintas data SMS, baik yang dikirimkan maupun yang diterima. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, perhitungan tanggal pembayaran angsuran yang dihasilkan berdasarkan inputan tanggal pinjaman dan batas waktu jatuh tempo pembayaran. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa dengan membuat fitur SMS Reminder pada koperasi dapat memaksimalkan informasi pembayaran secara maksimal kepada anggota atau nasabah, reminder dalam bentuk SMS dapat terkirim ke masing – masing anggota atau nasabah sesuai dengan tanggal jatuh tempo dan jumlah angsuran di KSP Bhakti Karya Magelang.
Causes of depression among university students and its effects on their academic life in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Dapaah Jonathan Mensah , Amoako Henrietta Amma Fremponmaa
Published: July 2019

Introduction: This article discusses the causes of depression among university students and how it affects their academic life. It also looks at how students understand and define the concept of depression since research evidence points to the fact that arriving at a consensual definition for depression can be difficult due to the varying experiences among individuals influencing its definition. Methods: Data was collected through in-depth interviews with undergraduate students in the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Faculty of Social Sciences and review of various literatures on depression. Findings: The study revealed that majority of the students viewed depression as a long period of sadness where one feels hopeless and worthless; few viewed depression as a long period of sadness and isolation. Students understood the concept based on their personal experiences. It also indicates that loss of a loved one, financial crisis and unmet expectations in their academic work were the causes of depression among university students. It also confirmed that depression affects students’ academic life in a number of ways which includes inability to study and poor academic achievements. Conclusion: The study concludes by acknowledging that students are able to cope with their depression on their own, yet it recommends that the counseling unit of the university be made easily approachable and strengthened, students encouraged to seek guidance and counseling.