bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A retrospective study of attempted self-harm in a secondary care setting in rural India
Authors: Mysore Seetharam , M. Vidyashree , Sajjalguddam Shruti , Murthy Deepak , N. Nagarathna , Martinez Rangel Maria
Published: October 2023

Background: Suicides and non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSI) pose a serious public health problem, affecting communities all over the world. Adolescents and young adults are particularly vulnerable to commit self-harm (SH). SH causes serious emotional, physical, and economic repercussions, and leads to long-term health impacts.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a rural secondary care hospital from Feb 2020 to March 2022. Data regarding demographics, cause and type of SH, and treatment provided to 190 patients were analysed.
Results: Majority of patients were in the 16-35 years age group. Poison consumption was the commonest method used. Pesticides and pills were the commonly-used agents. Agricultural activities and pre-existing illness in families facilitated access to these agents, as did the unregulated availability and unsafe storage. 31 patients disclosed the reason for SH, with the commonest reason being strained relationships. Emotional states described by the patients which pushed them to SH included dejection, hopelessness, anger, recklessness, altered mood, lack of purpose in life, cynicism and a sense of lack of support. 16% were discharged against medical advice.
Conclusions: The study identified the need for methodical documentation, referral and follow-up of patients, with adequate psychiatric and counselling support. Access to care for SH patients is lacking especially in rural areas, and is at best available only for management of the SH event. SH should be considered not as a disease by itself, but as an outcome of stress due to socio-economic and other factors. Multi-stakeholder convergent approaches are needed to tackle this challenge in a holistic manner.
Trends in seroprevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis virus infections at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi: a 4-year review
Authors: Panda Arpita , Jothi J. Belinda , Yadav Pooja , Kumar Shilpee
Published: October 2023

Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), both enteric hepatitis viruses, are transmitted through the feco-oral route. These infections can range from asymptomatic or subclinical cases to acute viral hepatitis, occasionally leading to mortality. To gain an understanding of the disease and develop effective management strategies, comprehending the disease burden is essential. This study aimed to provide insights into the prevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis viruses among individuals with acute hepatitis in the Delhi region.
Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted at a prominent tertiary care super specialty hospital in Delhi, spanning from February 2019 to December 2022. Serum samples from patients suspected of having hepatitis and sent for HAV and HEV testing were included. The samples underwent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect HAV and HEV immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibodies. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21, employing Chi-square and Fischer exact tests where applicable.
Results: Throughout the study period, a total of 1275 samples were incorporated. Viral etiology was evident in 197 patients (15.45%). Among these, IgM HAV was identified in 142 patients (11.13%), and IgM HEV was present in 55 patients (4.31%). HAV infection was notably more prevalent in the pediatric age group (20.89% or 89/426; p<0.001), while HEV was significantly more common among adolescents and adults (5.77% or 49/849; p<0.001).
Conclusions: Regular surveillance of enteric transmitted viruses causing hepatitis should encompass both hospital and community levels to accurately gauge disease burden and evolving epidemiology.
Practices and challenges in implementing tuberculosis program at medical colleges in Karnataka, India
Authors: D. Hiremath Lalita , Sharma Nidhi , D. Sudeepa , Shivaramakrishna H. R. , Warbhe Nandkishor , Lonimath Ashwini , Burugina Nagaraja Sharath
Published: October 2023

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the implementation status of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) at medical colleges in Karnataka, India, and identify the challenges encountered by the medical college core committee members.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 14 medical colleges in 2019-20, using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on various NTEP components.
Results: The implementation status of NTEP activities was categorized as adequate, partially adequate, or inadequate. Results showed that certain activities such as TB notification, DMC infrastructure, TB-HIV coordination, and the formation of the NTEP core committee were adequately implemented. However, challenges such as work overload, lack of dedicated manpower, and salary constraints were encountered.
Conclusions: Overall, the medical colleges involved in the study were actively implementing NTEP, but there is still room for improvement to fully optimize the implementation.
Quality of life of occupants of old age homes of a northern Indian province
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Gupta Anmol , Mazta Salig Ram , Sharma Deepak , Chamotra Shaina , Chaudhary Ankit
Published: October 2023

Background: Although a physiological phenomenon, ageing has enormous bearing on all the dimensions of health. Against age-old tradition, India is also witnessing a rapid increase in nuclearization of families. Increase in old age homes (OAHs) has been proportional to rising number of admissions in such institutions. In order to understand the phenomenon in a holistic way, the present study evaluated the quality of life of occupants such facilities in state of Himachal Pradesh.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to capture quality of life among the occupants of all seven OAHs of the State. Data was collected using World Health Organisation quality of life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) instrument consisting of four domains, individual domain and overall scores were compiled; and analysed using appropriate statistical techniques.
Results: The mean WHOQOL-BREF score for a total of 145 study participants was 46.6±3 with highest score for environmental domain (49.1±4.7) and least for physical domain (44.0±5.2). Significant higher overall quality of life score was observed for comparatively younger participants, males, more educated individuals, those having a companion prior to the settlement, those having more satisfaction with facilities and lesser morbidities.
Conclusions: Considering increasing elderly population proportion, there is a need for increase in number of facilities with standardized infrastructure, staff and facilities; so that quality of life can be maintained and sustained. Being a vulnerable and deprived section of the society, it is imperative that such individuals live out the final stage of their life with quality, dignity and much neglected self-respect.
Utilization of Nikshay Poshan Yojana scheme among tuberculosis patients registered in a designated microscopy center, Bangalore
Authors: Rabeensa K. T. , Jaswanth Swapna , M. Shashikala , C. Chandrakala
Published: October 2023

Background: Nutritional support plays an important role in the management of tuberculosis. To reduce malnutrition among those suffering from TB, the government of India started the Nikshay Poshan Yojana in 2018, offering a monthly incentive of INR 500 to each patient enrolled under the programme. Objective was to assess the utilization of financial benefits among tuberculosis patients registered under the scheme Nikshay Poshan Yojana.
Methods: Descriptive study was conducted among 137 tuberculosis patients registered under Nikshay portal of designated microscopy center (DMC). Interview was conducted and obtained necessary information.
Results: Among 116 responded tuberculosis patents, 83 (71.5%) received full and partly incentives throughout the course of treatment, among the beneficiary 61 (71.5%) were using their incentives for nutritional purpose.
Conclusions: Beneficiaries under Nikshay Poshan Yojana received incentives but not on timely basis.
Perceptions of undergraduate student nurses on e-learning at University of Namibia Main Campus, Windhoek: a lesson learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nepembe Maria N. N. , Amakali-Nauiseb Taimi , Emvula Olivia
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions of second year nursing degree student’s academic performance through e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic at University of Namibia Main Campus, Windhoek. A qualitative research design was adopted and a total number of sixteen (16) second-year nursing students were interviewed. An interview guide, an audio recorder and field notes were used as the data collection instruments. Convenience, purposive sampling was employed. Key themes which emerged from the study were: Student nurse’s perceptions regarding their e-learning experience; Student nurse’s perceptions regarding the availability of studying and learning resources such as gadgets and internet, Student nurses’ perceptions of the e-learning environment. The study revealed that student nurses during e-learning were negatively affected by many factors, such as lack of electronic resources (laptops, smart phones), low phone storage to download big files, slow internet connections/poor network coverage for telecom network (TN) in some areas, limited internet data (TN mobile 10 GB) provided by the institution monthly, limited time to complete online assessment, less effort from lecturers (dropping notes on the forum and not teaching compared to face-to-face learning), workload at home doing house chores and not excused for online lessons, living in remote areas with no electricity, cheating of students during online tests and assessments. The study recommends an increased in the amount of internet for telecom network (TN mobile) data provided monthly by the institution, lecturers to give sufficient time to complete online tests and assessments, and to develop a system that detects cheating.
Nadifit: a novel single position pulse based diagnostic system
Authors: Y. C. Manjunatha , B. Raghu , Y. C. Pavan Kumar
Published: October 2023

Both traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and traditional ayurvedic medicine (TAM) rely on a system of radial pulse diagnostics to assess a patient's health. The doctor or practitioner should place all three fingers on the patient's wrist and feel the styloid processes to detect any changes in the radial pulse. However, finding medical professionals skilled in pulse diagnosis or nadipariksha is becoming increasingly challenging in the current and upcoming generation. One technological approach that could solve this issue once and for all would be to transform objective pulse diagnosis into a subjective process. To automate this procedure, however, three separate sensors must be constructed for three positions in order to capture pulse at varying pulse pressures, which increases the hardware complexity for consumer use. To simplify the process and ensure a correct diagnosis, this study presents an effort to create the smart portable system Nadifit, which takes a single pulse reading from the patient. A single pulse is all that's needed to identify distinctive organ patterns, which can then be analyzed to provide insight into potential health issues. Analogue signals are quantified with the help of a microphone, a transmitter, and a 32-bit microprocessor. The data is acquired with a precision of 10 bits and virtually no electronic or contaminating noise outside of the system. The computer receives the collected pulse signal and does time and frequency domain analysis of the Nadi patterns, shapes, and width to determine the presence of the three ayurveda doshas (Vata, pitta, and kapha) as well as Chinese organ patterns (such as Qi stagnation, yin deficiency, yang excess, etc.). The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested system in identifying dosha, making it highly tailored to the individual patient's health issue. It is also demonstrated that the pulse waveform demonstrates the desired fluctuations in relation to patient age, pressure applied to the sensing element and full vs. empty stomach. Comparisons of stiffness across age groups are also performed. Practitioners, vaidhyas, and medical professionals are used to verify the system's accuracy. Hence, we believe a larger segment of the general public will be able to make use of our technology.
Distributional Effects of Taxation in Latin America
Authors: Pessino Carola , Rasteletti Alejandro , Artana Daniel , Lustig Nora
Published: October 2023

This chapter analyzes the incidence on income distribution by a comprehensive array of direct and indirect taxes in ten Latin American countries circa 2018. The study finds that although there is a significant heterogeneity, the redistributive impact is equalizing for direct taxes and unequalizing for indirect taxes. Overall, redistribution through taxes, without accounting for spending effects and interactions, is slightly equalizing for some countries and unequalizing for others, but the burden on the poor is high and even higher than on the rich. This is mainly a consequence of the high share of indirect taxes in the tax structures, and of low personal income tax collection and coverage. The inclusion of the redistributive effect of the corporate income tax contributes to improve redistribution and accounts for better comparison with the redistributive impact in more developed countries, where dividends are taxed heavily with personal income taxes rather than corporate income taxes as in Latin America. High levels of evasion and informality make payroll taxes more regressive in integrated labor markets with high informality, but make indirect taxes less regressive, since the poor pay little or no indirect taxes on some of their purchases.
Cash Transfers, Poverty, and Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Stampini Marco , Medellín Nadin , Ibarrarán Pablo
Published: October 2023

We assess the non-contributory cash transfer systems in 17 Latin American and Caribbean countries to identify factors that keep them from reducing poverty and inequality. To perform this assessment, we analyze three dimensions of size (number of beneficiaries, size of transfer per beneficiary, and size of total budget) and three dimensions of targeting (coverage, leakage, and quality of demographic targeting). We identify 67 programs, which fall into three broad categories: conditional cash transfers, non-contributory pensions, and other transfers. We use an international poverty line of 6.85 dollars PPP per day (similar to the average national poverty line of upper middle-income countries) and adjust survey weights to correct for the fact that household survey data often underestimates the official number of transfer beneficiaries compared to administrative sources. We show that two key factors limit the effect of cash transfer programs on poverty and inequality: the small size of their transfers and their historic under-coverage of the population living in poverty. Transfers represent approximately 33% of the poverty gap. Additionally, only 55% of the population in poverty benefits from these programs. Forty-one percent of people living in households that receive at least one non-contributory transfer are above the poverty line. Children and Indigenous people are underrepresented, relative to their poverty rate, in the rosters of beneficiaries. Brazil, Suriname, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Panama, and Uruguay consistently earn the highest scores across the assessment categories. Our policy recommendations include: (i) intensifying efforts to increase coverage among the poor, using modern poverty mapping techniques along with active, on-the-ground searches and (ii) recertifying eligibility for transfer programs more frequently by using highly interoperable administrative data and social registries. Both efforts are needed to create more efficient income protection systems that address both structural and transient poverty.
The Political Economy of Redistribution and (in)Efficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Guizzo Altube Matías , Scartascini Carlos , Tommasi Mariano
Published: October 2023

Predominant views on the political economy of Latin America and the Caribbean tend to emphasize that elite domination helps to understand the high levels of inequality. The contemporary fiscal version of that assertion goes something like “the rich are powerful and they dont like taxes, hence we have little taxation and little redistribution.” That is a good approximation to the reality of some countries, but not of others. There are cases in the region where there are high levels of taxation and non-negligible redistributive efforts. But in some of those cases such redistribution comes hand in hand with macroeconomic imbalances, high inflation, low growth, as well as low-quality public policies. When redistributive efforts are short-sighted and attempted with inefficient public policies, fiscal imbalances lead to inflation and to frequent macroeconomic crises that reduce growth and thwart poverty reduction efforts. The argument of this paper is that there are various possible political configurations (including elite domination and populism among others) that lead to different economic and social outcomes (including the degree of redistribution and others). We postulate that each configuration of social outcomes emerges out of different political economy equilibria. Different countries in the region will be in different political economy equilibria, and hence will have different combinations of political economy syndromes and of socioeconomic outcomes. In this paper, we characterize the countries regarding the size of the public sector, how much fiscal redistribution there is, and how efficient this public action is. We summarize various strands of literature that attempt to explain some elements of that fiscal vector one at a time; and then attempt to provide a simple framework that might explain why different countries present different configurations of size, distributiveness, and efficiency.
Modelo del entrampamiento de hidrocarburos mio-plioceno del Bloque Oritupano-Leona (Subcuenca de Maturín, Cuenca Oriental de Venezuela): una revisión
Authors: Rossello Eduardo A. , López-Gamundí Oscar R. , Mozetic Marcos E.
Published: October 2023

El Bloque Oritupano-Leona (BOL) está localizado en la prolífera Subcuenca de Maturín perteneciente a la Cuenca Oriental de Venezuela en el flanco sur de la plataforma de antepaís cercana al Río Orinoco. A partir de la interpretación sísmica disponible, se reconoce un modelo estructural 3D relacionado sintectónicamente con la secuencia del Mioceno Inferior-Plioceno a partir de tres sistemas de fallas de crecimiento formadas por segmentos subordinados en el Mioceno Inferior (17,3 Ma), Mioceno Medio (15,35 Ma) y Mioceno Superior-Plioceno. El estilo estructural exhibe fallas normales de rumbo E-O inclinadas al Norte (fallamiento sintético) o al Sur en contrapendiente regional (fallamiento antitético) conformando pilares tectónicos y pliegues de arrastre asociados afectados por fallas transpresivas dextrales de rumbo NE-SO inclinadas al NO con extremos solapados por propagación lateral y vertical. Los fallamientos generan ambientes propicios para el acomodamiento de volúmenes sinsedimentarios con potencias variables entre los tramos intermedios y centrales de los segmentos de fallas que contienen los principales entrampamientos de los niveles de las formaciones Oficina y Merecure, responsables de los recursos hidrocarburíferos del BOL. Las morfologías estructurales se vinculan con un escenario transtensivo dextral relacionado con un levantamiento flexural durante los tiempos Oligoceno-Mioceno por la traslación oriental de la placa Caribe a lo largo del límite septentrional de la placa Sudamérica. El presente análisis aporta criterios estructurales que contribuyen con la definición de estrategias para la exploración y desarrollo de objetivos exploratorios remanentes.
The Impact of Environmental Regulation Implementation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hernanda Trias , Absori  , Wardiono Kelik , Azhari Aidul Fitriciada , Arlinwibowo Janu , Azizah Naili , Budiono Arief
Published: October 2023

Effective environmental regulations are crucial for biodiversity preservation and fostering innovation to mitigate environmental damage. The aim of this research is to set the groundwork for further research into the substantial role of environmental regulatory policies in promoting pro-environmental innovation. This research employs a meta-analysis approach, focusing on correlational studies published between 2001 and 2021 in English. Inclusion criteria for data selection consisted of articles addressing environmental regulations and their implementation. Correlation analyses were conducted using JASP software. The findings indicate a significant relationship between environmental regulations and their implementation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.28. With a 95% confidence interval, the estimated true score range lies between 0.14 and 0.41. Bias testing was performed using the trim and fill method, and no evidence of publication bias was found, supporting the validity of the meta-analysis results. Thus, it can be concluded that environmental regulations play a significant role in encouraging pro-environmental innovation and urging governments in each country to provide certainty about their pro-environmental policies.
Interdisciplinary research: advancing knowledge and sustainable solutions
Authors: Gaydeczka Beatriz
Published: October 2023

In this issue of the Brazilian Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation (Revista Brasileira de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (RBCTI), we present a selection of studies that reflect the importance of the interdisciplinary approach to understanding and solving the complex challenges we face in different areas of knowledge. This journal aims to promote quality research and foster dialogue between different disciplines, and the articles in this issue highlight the relevance of this approach and its impacts in areas such as aquatic ecology; animal health; civil engineering; socio-environmental impact assessment; cardiovascular health; the association between climate, socio-economic factors and the spatial distribution of arboviruses; and energy.
CONSUMO EXCESSIVO E O MODUS VIVENDI CAPITALISTA
Authors: Leitão André Studart , Carvalho Paulo Rogério Marques de , Barbosa Pedro Alexandre
Published: October 2023

A partir da compreensão de que os seres humanos têm interesses e aspirações diversos, ideais liberais pregam a coexistência e a harmonização de diferentes concepções de uma boa vida, admitindo que cada pessoa busque aquela que mais se adeque a sua utopia particular. A sociedade contemporânea, entretanto, incentiva um modelo específico de existência, voltado para o consumo, apresentando-o como a aspiração ideal para os indivíduos e um meio para induzir o desenvolvimento econômico. Novas necessidades são criadas constantemente, exortando a insatisfação e o desejo, gerando um ciclo infindável de demanda, descarte e substituição. Demonstram-se os prejuízos decorrentes do consumo excessivo, salientando, em arremate, que um estilo de vida baseado num consumo consciente é plenamente compatível com o desenvolvimento. Portanto, deve ser fomentado a partir de uma ética de consumo adequada às concepções modernas de desenvolvimento humano, promovendo uma sociedade sustentável. A metodologia empregada neste artigo é qualitativa, baseada na análise de documentos, bem como em bibliografia especializada.
The impact of freshening over the Antarctic Ocean on Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin
Published: October 2023

The profound influence of the Antarctic Ocean freshening on the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is investigated in this study by utilizing a series of fully coupled ocean-atmosphere 400-year-modeling experiments. The simulated results derived from the Fast Ocean-Atmosphere Model (FOAM) can reasonably identify the spatial pattern and time period (10–20 years and 20–50 years) of the observed PDO with slightly weak amplitudes. In the sensitivity experiment (Southern Ocean Water Hosing), 1.0 Sv (Sverdrup, 1Sv = 1.0 × 106 m3/s) freshwater flux is uniformly imposed over the Antarctic Ocean for 400 years. As a response to this Antarctic Ocean freshening, the Tropical Pacific Ocean displays a normal “La Niña pattern”, while the low-frequency variability within the North Pacific Ocean is much weakened. Preserving the PDO’s spatial pattern, the multidecadal (20–50 years) magnitude becomes weak and shifts toward higher frequency. In contrast, the decadal magnitude of the PDO (10–20 years) is slightly reinforced and also shifts towards higher frequency. Dynamical analysis indicates that the shortening of the PDO multidecadal variability is mainly caused by the acceleration of the first-baroclinic-mode Rossby waves. The spreading of the fresh anomalies and associated increasing stratification in the North Pacific Ocean result in the shortening of the long Rossby wave propagation to cross the subtropical North Pacific basin. A heat budget analysis further shows that the upper-ocean thermodynamic variability in relationship to the stratification oscillation in the North Pacific Ocean is mainly associated with the anomalous behaviors of the meridional advection, heat flux and ocean mixing.
Association of vitamin D deficiency and preterm birth
Authors: Denisova T. G. , Vasileva E. N. , Sidorov A. E. , Denisovа E. A. , Levitskaya V. M. , Sidorova T. N.
Published: October 2023

In 70 % of cases of neonatal death, in 36 % of cases of infant mortality, in 25–50 % of cases of long-term neurological consequences in children, one of the causes is preterm birth. The course of pregnancy depends on the availability of vitamin D. The aim of the study was to determine the level of vitamin D and to analyze the obstetric and gynecological history in patients with preterm labor. Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients with preterm delivery and 30 women with the physiological course of labor. In the surveyed, vitamin D sufficiency was assessed by the content of 25(OH)D in blood serum, which was determined according to the clinical recommendations of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists, using the enzyme immunoassay method. Results. In patients with preterm labor, vitamin D deficiency and a high level of chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory, kidney and pelvic organs were revealed. Conclusions. Therefore, when managing pregnant women, it is necessary to take into account their availability of vitamin D and, possibly, recommend taking vitamin D preparations from the period of preconception preparation and during gestation.
Wynagrodzenie w kontekście przepisów podatkowych. Analiza porównawcza Polska – Niemcy
Authors: Nyk Mariusz
Published: October 2023

Reward presents this economic largeness, which (who) wakes up huge argumentations obliged own in context of feature that, determinant eats forming, significant, as well as correct definition. It is not possible to ascertain directly, that countries are characterized about superior degree of economic development more restrictive, as well as in range of taxation of reward liberal politics fiscal. Range is determinant for formulating tax system about differentiated character having feature not only social stymulant but also economic ( fiscal ). Elaboration has appearance of difference on purpose and between system of taxation of reward in poland similarities and in Germany. Thesis, which will be verified in the present elaboration, there is following in development among -economic significant socially polish.
Problemy finansowo-ekonomicznej adaptacji słowackich i maltańskich przedsiębiorstw do funkcjonowania w strefie euro – analiza porównawcza
Authors: Pujer Klaudia
Published: October 2023

This paper addresses the problems in the functioning of Maltese and Slovak companies resulting from the
accession of the two Republics to the Eurozone and the intensification of the global financial crisis. The subject
of inquiry have become the factors that inhibit the possibility of achieving the objectives of the company, the
reasons for the realization of the difficult situation in which they found themselves, and ways to reduce the
company that situation. In discussing the issue, based on the results of surveys conducted among its companies
operating in Malta and Slovakia.
Construcción e implementación de una aspiradora autónoma
Authors: Marquínez Cesar , Quintana Gabriel , Sánchez Kendrick , Muñoz Lilia , Villarreal Vladimir
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de este proyecto es una implementación que conlleva diseño y desarrollo de una aspiradora de limpieza de bajo costos que realice su operación autónoma. La detección de obstáculos con la utilización de un sensor es la plataforma que permite la autonomía de la aspiradora de limpieza ya que usualmente este tipo de dispositivos necesitan del control y movimiento de un humano para su oficio. La noción de bajo costo es dada, ya que sus componentes son de precio accesible. La aspiradora autónoma de limpieza emplea sensor ultrasónico HC-SR04 que emite un ultrasonido que viaja por el aire y si hay un obstáculo en su camino podrá esquivar mediante la gestión de su comportamiento con Arduino UNO. Una aspiradora autónoma de limpieza nos da una visión general y de escalabilidad de cómo las herramientas de código abierto son aprovechadas para cimentaciones de proyectos electrónicos con miras a usos de estrategias de Internet de las Cosas (IoT) e Inteligencia Artificial.
Detección de mascarillas utilizando reconocimiento facial
Authors: Teira Xoán , Guerra Nikolai Andreas , Castillo-Santamaria Jahir Gamar , Muñoz Lilia , Villarreal Vladimir
Published: October 2023

Este proyecto se realizó como respuesta a algunas exigencias actuales las cuales dictan que el uso de mascarillas es obligatorio dentro de espacios cerrados como Colegio y Universidades. El objetivo que se planteo fue realizar un prototipo que mediante el uso de una cámara y aplicando la inteligencia artificial se pudiera detectar si una persona está o no utilizando una mascarilla. Para el mismo se utilizaron algunas librerías de Python, como lo es media pipe también openCV, Arduino. Esta inteligencia artificial para su correcto funcionamiento fue entrenada con diversos videos de personas sin y con mascarillas y mediante el reconocimiento de patrones se llegó al objetivo, al detectar una persona sin mascarilla se prendera un led y se emitirá un sonido de alerta, por otro lado, en caso de que reconozca que la persona tiene la mascarilla solo se encenderá un led verde.
FACTORS OF INVESTOR BEHAVIOR IN SHARIA STOCK: A THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Priantinah Denies , Dewanti Patriani Wahyu , Novitasari Budi Tiara , Sari Ratna Candra
Published: October 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of attitude factors on behavior through investor intentions, subjective norms, behavior, religiosity, religious events, behavioral control, and profit maximization. These factors were analyzed for their influence on investment behavior in Islamic stocks mediated by investor intentions. This research is a type of quantitative research using primary data. The data collection is carried out on respondents with stock accounts for transactions. This research included 42 participants who are investors actively engaged in trading stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and possess a stock account. The selection of investor respondents is expected to reflect accurate decisions in the investment decision-making process. Data was obtained through a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire designed to accommodate the variables to be studied—data analysis using PLS with Structural Equation Analysis (SEM). The results show that subjective norms, religious factors, religious holidays, and profit maximization separately influence investor behavior through investor intentions. Also, this study found that personal criteria do not affect investor intentions, and behavioral control influences investor behavior. This study contributes theoretical implications to augment the literature on investor behavior in Shariah-compliant stocks. Furthermore, it provides practical implications as insights to aid investors in making decisions regarding Sharia-compliant stocks
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Brain Drain Questionnaire for Nurses
Authors: Abou Hashish Ebtsam , Bajamal Eman , Al Anwar Ashour Heba Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Background and Purpose:Brain drain, also known as “human capital flight,” refers to the migration of employees such as nurses from developing countries to wealthier countries for better living conditions. There is a dearth of literature internationally about the determinants and factors influencing nurses’ brain drain using a standardized instrument. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the brain drain questionnaire (BDQ).Methods:This methodological study was conducted with 325 Egyptian nurses who were recruited to answer the BDQ. The psychometric properties were examined.Results:The final BDQ contained 59 items. The coefficient α, content validity index, and intraclass correlation coefficient were 0.979, 0.88, and 0.778, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity also validated the BDQ.Conclusion:The BDQ has acceptable reliability and validity among nurses and the potential to be clinically useful. Future cross-validation research across sectors and nations is recommended to optimize its utility.
We Have a Voice: An Examination of Intimate Partner Violence in a Native American Community
Authors: Gilbert Sheena L. , Gillespie Lane Kirkland , Lee Jacqueline G. , King Laura L.
Published: October 2023

Indigenous people experience a higher rate of intimate partner violence (IPV) than other racial/ethnic groups; however, limited research examines IPV among this population. In collaboration with a tribe in the western United States, this study surveyed a sample of indigenous people (N= 27) to learn about their experiences with victimization. Results show that respondents experienced high amounts of recent relationship and lifetime victimization, mostly consistent with previous literature. Additional issues and challenges emerged from the data, such as low reporting rates and service accessibility. These findings are contextualized within prior IPV literature, and we offer recommendations for future research.
Analysis Qualitative of Bioactive Compounds of Chromolaena odorata Leaves from Aceh Besar District
Authors: Santi Tahara Dilla , Candra Aditya
Published: October 2023

Chromolaena odorata leaves have been used by the people of Aceh Besar as herbal medicine. The chemical compounds in the leaves of this plant act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, antibacterials and wound healers. The research objective was to determine the phytochemical content of C. odorata leaves through qualitative methods. The extraction method used is maceration and testing of bioactive compounds using a color test. The results showed that the yield percentage was 6.05%. The results of the analysis of phytochemical compounds obtained seven phytochemical compounds contained in C. odorata, namely compounds belonging to the class of flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, steroids and tannins. It is recommended to identify chemical compounds using the GC-MS test to obtain specific compounds that play an active role in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

Keywords: C. odorata, Rendemen, Maceration, Color Test, GC-MS
Hyponatremia in Young Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Tuberculous Meningoencephalitis
Authors: Fanani Muhammad Iqbal , Putri Komang Yunita Wiryaning , Puspitarini Retna Dwi , Santosa Ali , Wardani Indah Kusuma
Published: October 2023

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is an uncommon respiratory infection that rarely leads to the development of hyponatremia, a condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood. In most cases symptoms andiated hyponatremia are mild to moderate, often lacks noticeable symptoms, and can be effectively reversed through treatment with anti-TB medications. Hyponatremia is diagnosed when the serum sodium level falls below 135 mmol/L, and it is considered severe when the level drops below 125 mmol/L. Among electrolyte imbalances, hyponatremia is one of the most frequently observed, with a prevalence ranging from 1 to 4% in its severe manifestation. This journal reports the case of a male patient who presented with decreased consciousness, suspected to be associated with moderate hyponatremia, tuberculous meningoencephalitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and sinus bradycardia. The patient's symptoms associated with hyponatremia were relatively mild, prompting the need for further evaluation to ascertain the root cause of the electrolyte imbalance. This is particularly important for patients with suspected tuberculosis who are also experiencing complications related to hyponatremia.
Pengaruh Mucoadhesive Plester Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) terhadap Jumlah Limfosit dalam Penyembuhan Ulkus Traumatikus Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Swastirani Astika , Kembaren Cherina Chyntia Ananta S
Published: October 2023

Traumatic ulcer is an open wound in the oral cavity caused by trauma. Flavonoids in ciplukan leaf have an antiinflammatory effect. Drug delivery using mucoadhesive plasters can increase the effectiveness, absorption, and bioavailability of drugs because directly attached to the wound. Lymphocytes can increase macrophage activation that can accelerate wound healing. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of mucoadhesive plaster of ciplukan leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) on the number of lymphocytes in healing traumatic ulcers of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). 30 rats were divided into 5 groups; the negative control group, the positive control group and the treatment group with mucoadhesive plaster ciplukan leaf extract doses of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg BW. Conducting heat induction on the labial mucosa of white rats using an amalgam stopper and then given treatment according to groups. The rats were dissected on day 5. The number of lymphocytes was counted on the preparate with Hematoxylin Eosin staining using an Olympus digital microscope with 400x magnification. The treatment group with mucoadhesive plaster of ciplukan leaf extract dose 100 mg/kg BB had the highest number of lymphocytes, while the positive control group had the lowest number of lymphocytes. The conclusion of this research is mucoadhesive plaster of ciplukan leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) affects the number of lymphocytes in healing traumatic ulcer of white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Daya Antibakteri Minyak Atsiri Cananga odorata terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175
Authors: Dyartha Avelyana Amarissa , Lesmana Dian , Onggowidjaja Philips
Published: October 2023

Caries is a disease of dental hard tissue, which is caused by the activity of a cariogenic microorganism. Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive, spherical, facultative anaerobic, non-motile bacterium. Streptococcus mutans acts as an agent that can cause dental caries. Herbal medicines are preferred by the community because the risk of side effects is lower than chemical drugs. The purpose of the study was to know the antibacterial property of Cananga odorata essential oil on the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria ATCC 25175. This study used a laboratory experimental research design with disc diffusion method to know the antibacterial property of Cananga odorata essential oil on the growth of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. The results showed an inhibitory zone of 0.25 mm at a concentration of 6.25%; 1.43 mm at a concentration of 12.5%; 1.93mm at 25% concentration; 2.21 mm at 50% concentration; and 4.48 mm at a concentration of 100%. The conclusion of this study is Cananga odorata essential oil has a weak antibacterial property on the growth of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175.
Isolation and Biological Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Field Isolate Pigeon (Columba livia) from Live Bird Market, East Java in 2019
Authors: Novryantoro Venri , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Suwarno Suwarno , Ernawati Rahaju , Rahmahani Jola
Published: October 2023

Background: Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) type-1 is the leading cause of Newcastle Disease (ND) and taxonomically belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Avulavirus. Due to its high transmission rate, Newcastle Disease (ND) is included in the A list by the OIE. Purpose: To determine the biological characterize the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) field isolate of pigeons (Columba livia) using Mean Death Time (MDT), Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI), and Intravenous Pathogenicity Index (IVPI). Methods: Twenty pigeon organ samples were obtained from bird markets in East Java, and one was used as a positive control (LaSota). Organs were isolated from embryonated chicken eggs, identified by the HA test, and then confirmed by the HI test. Furthermore, positive samples were tested for MDT with a 10-1-10-18 dilution (0.1 ml and observed for eight days. The ICPI test used a fresh NDV suspension (0.05 ml and was observed for eight days. The IVPI test used a dose of 0.1 ml and was observed for ten days. Result: The MDT values of isolates MB1/NDV/19, MB2/NDV/19, MB3/NDV/19, and MG1/NDV/19 were 91.2 hours, 112.8 hours, 110.4 hours, and 124,8 hours. The ICPI values of isolate MB1/NDV/19 was 0.2375, MB2/NDV/19 was 0.375, MB3/NDV/19 was 0.5375, and MG1/NDV/19 was 0.3. The IVPI value of isolate MB1/NDV/19 was 0, MB2/NDV/19 was 0, MB3/NDV/19 was 0, and MG1/NDV/19 was 0. Conclusion: All four field samples were positive for NDV as a lentogenic strain based on the MDT, ICPI, and IVPI tests.
The Body Condition Score of Pigs Infected With Gastrointestinal Parasites In Dogiyai District, Papua Province, Indonesia
Authors: Dou Yosea , Noviyanti Noviyanti , Sambodo Priyo
Published: October 2023

Background: Pigs are a mainstay of traditional husbandry in Papua, and people in Dogiyai Regency determine the selling price of pigs through physical appearance. Severe worm parasite infestations will affect the health status of the livestock, which hypothetically would affect the body condition score (BCS). Purpose: This study examined the association between gastrointestinal worm infection and pigs' body condition scores (BCSs) in Dogiyai Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia. Methods: Interviews and direct observations were conducted among farmers in Dogiyai Regency. Stool samples were collected from pigs and examined using native and quantitative methods. BCSs were assessed by observing the appearance of adult pigs. Data were analyzed using a descriptive method and presented in a tabulated format. Results: Most respondents had formal education and relatively high farming experience levels. They used the traditional farming system. Regarding morphology, the worm eggs identified were the strongyle type (36.12%), Strongyloides ransomi (26.48%), Oesophagostomum species (20.44%), and Trichuris suis (16.96%). Of the pigs, 91.11% had multiple infections at the following degrees of severity according to the number of eggs per gram (EPG): mild: 11.11%; moderate: 72.22%; and severe: 16.67%. The pigs with mild, moderate, and severe infections had BCSs ranging from 2 to 5, 1 to 5, and 3 to 4, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, gastrointestinal worm infection did not affect the BCSs of the pigs.
Efficacy of Transdermal Delivery Nano Ethosomal Gel from Ashitaba Leaves on In-vivo Burn Wound Healing in Albino Rats
Authors: Al-Anshori Akhmad Afifudin , Putri Anandia Nafisah , Ismi Alif Noviana , Suhud Mohamad Kharis , Plumeriastuti Hani , Maslachah Lilik
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the in-vivo burn wound healing process in albino rats treated using transdermal delivery nano ethosomal gel from ashitaba leaves. Ethosomal vesicles were formulated using soy lecithin, cholesterol, ethanol, water, and ashitaba leaf nanoparticles using the cold method. A total of 25 male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., (C-) treated without nanoparticle extract, (C+) treated using 1% Silver Sulfadiazine®, treatment group treated nano ethosomal gel from ashitaba leaves with the respective doses were (T1) 1%, (T2) 2,5%, and (T3) 5%. Therapy was initiated on day 1 or after being induced by a burn wound for 14 days, twice a day. On the 15th day, a termination was carried out to take skin tissue from burn scars, then histopathology preparations were made with routine staining. Microscopic observations with an optical microscope on collagen, polymorphonuclear cell infiltration, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization. The T3 group that was treated using 5% nano ethosomal gel showed the best burn wound healing, this may be caused by compounds in ashitaba leaf nanoparticles which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects, thus the use of transdermal delivery therapy of 5% ashitaba leaf nano ethosomal gel was effective for wound treatment burn on rat skin.
Pig Farm Management and Its Contribution to The African Swine Fever Incidences in Kupang, Indonesia
Authors: Bulu Petrus Malo , Paga Agustinus , Lasakar Anita S. , Wera Ewaldus
Published: October 2023

This study evaluated the husbandry and management practices adopted by the pig farmers and the potential of African Swine Fever (ASF) in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Husbandry and management practices evaluated include educational background, main occupation, livestock pens, animal feed and drinking water systems, reproductive management, and pig body condition. Data were collected from 300 pig farmers using interviews and questionnaires. This study was conducted in the districts of Kupang Timor and Amabi Oefeto from June to October 2022. This study reported several factors that could potentially affect the ASF transmission. These practices can be improved to prevent the potential of ASF transmission. The educational background of pig farmers, primary occupation, caging management, swill feeding, and reproductive management may have potentially contributed to the ASF transmission in Kupang during the outbreak period.
An Evaluation of Nutritional Factors on The Prevalence of Urolithiasis in Cats at The Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga During 2017-2019
Authors: Mahdi Daffa Amanul , Sardjana I Komang Wiarsa , Yudaniayanti Ira Sari , Estoepangestie Agnes Theresia Soelih , Triakoso Nusdianto , Primarizky Hardany
Published: October 2023

Stones, or uroliths, in the urinary tract cause a disorder called urolithiasis. Patients with urolithiasis may experience blockage and possibly mortality; therefore, prompt treatment is imperative. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of urolithiasis and its nutritional association in cats treated at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga during 2017-2019. Data was collected from the secondary resource from the medical report and the factor of feed nutrition involved fiber, protein, fat, and moisture. Data was analyzed using logistic regression to determine the influence of nutrition on the prevalence of urolithiasis in cats in the respective period. The findings indicated that in 2017, urolithiasis prevalence was 0,96%; in 2018, it was 5,55%; and in 2019, it was 0,91%. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the prevalence of urolithiasis was not significantly impacted by feed nutritional variables.