bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT KẾT HỢP XƯƠNG NẸP VÍT ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY KÍN LIÊN LỒI CẦU XƯƠNG CÁNH TAY Ở NGƯỜI TRƯỞNG THÀNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ VIỆT ĐỨC
Authors: Hoàng Nam Đặng , Xuân Thùy Nguyễn
Published: December 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Nghiên cứu đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật kết hợp xương nẹp vít điều trị gãy kín liên lồi cầu xương cánh tay ở người trưởng thành tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu và tiến cứu không đối chứng trên 46 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật kết hợp xương nẹp vít điều trị gãy kín liên lồi cầu xương cánh tay từ tháng 1/2019 đến tháng 3/2021. Kết quả: Đa số bệnh nhân ở độ tuổi từ 31 đến 60 tuổi (47,8%), tai nạn giao thông là nguyên nhân dẫn đến chấn thương chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (54,4%) và tổn thương chủ yếu là loại C2 (63%) theo phân loại tiêu chuẩn AO. Kết quả chung theo thang điểm của Morrey tốt và rất tốt chiếm tỷ lệ cao 83,8%, trung bình là 13,5%, xấu là 2,7%. Điểm Morrey trung bình đạt 83,4 ± 11,2 điểm. Kết luận: Gãy kín liên lồi cầu xương cánh tay ở người trưởng thành loại C theo phân loại của AO là kiểu gãy xương phạm khớp phức tạp. Phẫu thuật kết hợp xương nẹp vít nhắm nắn chỉnh phục hồi về giải phẫu, cố định ổ gãy vững chắc, tạo điều kiện để tập phục hồi chức năng sớm sau phẫu thuật.
KIẾN THỨC VÀ THỰC HÀNH VỀ PHÒNG CHỐNG BỆNH RĂNG MIỆNG CỦA HỌC SINH HAI TRƯỜNG TIỂU HỌC THÀNH PHỐ ĐIỆN BIÊN PHỦ, TỈNH ĐIỆN BIÊN NĂM 2018
Authors: Văn Mạnh Ngô , Đức Cường Lê
Published: December 2021

Một nghiên cứu cắt ngang tiến hành trên 381 học sinh 2 trường tiểu học trên địa bàn thành phố Điện Biên Phủ, tỉnh Điện Biên từ tháng 7/2018 đến tháng 2/2019. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu nhằm xác định kiến thức, thực hành về phòng chống bệnh răng miệng của học sinh tiểu học. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: Có 36,9% học sinh biết cách là chải răng xoay tròn. Có 86,2% các em học sinh biết phòng tránh sâu răng bằng cách chải răng hằng ngày, ăn ít đồ ngọt chiếm tỷ lệ 61,2%, súc miệng chiếm tỷ lệ 46,3% và khám răng thường xuyên là 36,6%. Số học sinh chải răng 2 lần/ngày chiếm tỷ lệ 67,1%, 36,7% chải răng xoay tròn, có 54,2% học sinh 2 trường sử dụng đồ ngọt 1 đến 3 lần/ ngày.
XÂY DỰNG MÔ HÌNH PHÂN TÍCH CHI PHÍ – HIỆU QUẢ CỦA PEMBROLIZUMAB SO VỚI CÁC PHÁC ĐỒ CHUẨN TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ PHỔI KHÔNG TẾ BÀO NHỎ TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Thị Thu Hà Võ , Đỗ Thành Đạt Lê , Cao Đức Huy Nguyễn , Thị Thu Thủy Nguyễn
Published: December 2021

Phân tích chi phí – hiệu quả là một công cụ không thể thiếu khi ra quyết định đánh giá tính hợp lý của các can thiệp y tế, trong đó xây dựng mô hình được xem là một trong những bước quan trọng nhất. Pembrolizumab (PEM) được Cục Quản lý Thực phẩm và Dược phẩm Hoa Kỳ (Food and Drug Administration - FDA) công nhận vào năm 2016 như thuốc đầu tay trong điều trị bệnh ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ (UTPKTBN). Tuy nhiên giá thành cao của thuốc là rào cản rất lớn khi chỉ định thuốc trên thực tế lâm sàng, đặc biệt ở các quốc gia đang phát triển như Việt Nam. Do đó cần phải xem xét tính khả thi của việc lựa chọn thuốc trên lâm sàng dựa trên phân tích chi phí – hiệu quả. Với phương pháp mô hình hóa kết hợp với tổng quan tài liệu và tham vấn ý kiến các chuyên lâm sàng, nghiên cứu đã xây dựng được mô hình phân tích chi phí – hiệu quả dựa trên phần mềm Microsoft Excel 2013 với cấu trúc mô hình gồm các trang tính toán cho các tham số đầu ra (chỉ số gia tăng chi phí – hiệu quả, độ nhạy). Mô hình cho phép phân tích chi phí – hiệu quả của PEM so với hóa trị trong điều trị UTPKTBN giai đoạn tiến xa tại Việt Nam.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ TUYẾN TIỀN LIỆT DI CĂN BẰNG LIỆU PHÁP ỨC CHẾ ANDROGEN
Authors: Anh Tuấn Nguyễn , Hồng Thăng Vũ
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị ung thư tiền liệt tuyến di căn bằng liệu pháp ức chế androgen. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 39 bệnh nhân ung thư tiền liệt tuyến giai đoạn di căn và được trị liệu bằng ức chế androgen (ADT) tại bệnh viện K từ tháng 1/2017 đến tháng 6/2021. Kết quả: Triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp tại thời điểm chẩn đoán: mất ngủ (66,7%), tiểu khó (69,2%), tiểu nhiều lần (56,4%), đau xương (59,0%). Có 71,8% bệnh nhân lựa chọn cắt tinh hoàn bằng ngoại khoa, 28,2% cắt tinh hoàn bằng nội khoa. Sau 3 tháng điều trị, các triệu chứng thuyên giảm đáng kể: mất ngủ (17,9%), tiểu khó (20,5%), tiểu nhiều lần (5,1%), đau xương (28,2%). Thời gian sống thêm không tiến triển (PFS) trung bình là 26,61±3,65tháng. PFS ở nhóm cắt tinh hoàn ngoại khoa là 22,62±3,45tháng, ở nhóm cắt tinh hoàn nội khoa là 31,44±4,64 tháng, sự khác biệt không có ý nghĩa thống kê. Kết luận: Liệu pháp ức chế androgenlà điều trị nền tảng và hiệu quả trong ung thư tiền liệt tuyến giai đoạn di căn.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ TRỰC TRÀNG THÁP (T3-4) ĐƯỢC ĐIỀU TRỊ HÓA XẠ TRỊ BỔ TRỢ TRƯỚC VÀ PHẪU THUẬT BẢO TỒN CƠ THẮT
Authors: Tất Cường Đỗ , Vinh Quang Bùi , Mạnh Thắng Hoàng , Thị Thảo Nịnh , Hoàng Gia Nguyễn , Quốc Hoàn Võ , Quang Kiên Trần , Hoài Nam Nguyễn , Anh Đức Phạm
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị ung thư trực tràng thấp (T3-4) được hóa xạ trị bổ trợ trước và phẫu thuật bảo tồn cơ thắt. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 44 bệnh nhân ung thư trực tràng giai đoạn T3-4N0-2M0 tại Bệnh viện K và Bệnh viện Ung Bướu Hà Nội từ năm 5/2016 đến 5/2021 được hóa xạ trị tiền phẫu sau đó phẫu thuật bảo tồn cơ thắt. Kết quả: Sau điều trị hóa xạ trị, tỷ lệ đáp ứng hoàn toàn, đáp ứng một phần, bệnh ổn định lần lượt là 9,1%, 52,3% và 38,6%. Không ghi nhận trường hợp nào bệnh tiến triển. Thời gian sống thêm không bệnh (DFS) trung bình là 45,16±3,51 tháng. Tỷ lệ sống thêm không bệnh 1 năm là 97%, tại thời điểm 2 năm là 77,4%, tại thời điểm 3 năm là 68,3%.Kết luận: Hóa xạ trị bổ trợ trước và phẫu thuật bảo tồn cơ thắt là phương án điều trị hiệu quả ở nhóm bệnh nhân UTTT thấp giai đoạn tiến triển tại chỗ.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG GIẢM CHÚ Ý Ở TRẺ RỐI LOẠN TĂNG ĐỘNG GIẢM CHÚ Ý
Authors: Thị Anh Thoa Nguyễn , Nguyễn Ngọc Trần
Published: December 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Rối loạn tăng động giảm chú ý (ADHD) là một rối loạn tâm thần phổ biến ở trẻ em. Biểu hiện giảm chú ý trong rối loạn tăng động giảm chú ý đa dạng nhưng khó nhận thấy dẫn đến chậm chẩn đoán ở trẻ từ đó ảnh hưởng tới hiệu quả điều trị cũng như chất lượng cuộc sống của trẻ. Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng giảm chú ý ở trẻ rối loạn tăng động giảm chú ý. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 85 trẻ được chẩn đoán ADHD theo tiêu chuẩn DSM –V tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương từ tháng 8/2020 đến tháng 8/2021. Kết quả: Triệu chứng dễ bị sao nhãng bởi các kích thích bên ngoài và gặp khó khăn trong việc duy trì sự chú ý trong các nhiệm vụ hoặc hoạt động chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 88,2%; trẻ bị kích thích bởi âm thanh hơn hình ảnh chiếm 60,0%; trẻ chỉ tập trung vào thứ mình thích chiếm 86,7%; triệu chứng không làm theo hướng dẫn và không hoàn thành việc học, công việc, hoặc nhiệm vụ tại nơi làm việc thì gặp phần lớn trong việc học (97%); triệu chứng né tránh, không thích hoặc không muốn tham gia vào các nhiệm vụ đòi hỏi phải duy trì nỗ lực tinh thần cũng gặp phần lớn trong việc học (96,9%); triệu chứng mất những thứ cần thiết cho các nhiệm vụ hoặc hoạt động thì gặp phần lớn là đánh mất đồ dùng học tập (92,6%); triệu chứng quên trong các hoạt động hàng ngày, việc quên đồ dùng học tập chiếm 94,3%. Kết luận: Triệu chứng dễ bị sao nhãng bởi các kích thích bên ngoài chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất, trẻ dễ dàng bị kích thích bởi âm thanh. Mặc dù trẻ gặp khó khăn trong việc duy trì sự chú ý trong các nhiệm vụ nhưng trẻ lại có khả năng tập trung vào thứ mình thích. Trẻ đa phần né tránh việc học, đánh mất đồ dùng học tập,quên đồ dùng học tập.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG TRẦM CẢM Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ PHỔI KHÔNG TẾ BÀO NHỎ
Authors: Anh Tài Dương , Văn Dũng Nguyễn , Văn Tuấn Nguyễn
Published: December 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Ung thư phổi thường gặp tại Việt Nam cũng như trên thế giới. Trong đó, ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ chiếm khoảng 85 - 90%. Trầm cảm là một rối loạn tâm thần thường gặp ở những bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu “Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng trầm cảm ở bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ”. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Sử dụng phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang, phân tích đặc điểm lâm sàng của bệnh trầm cảm bằng phỏng vấn trực tiếp bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ tại Trung tâm Y học hạt nhân và Ung bướu Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 10/2020 đến tháng 9/2021. Kết quả: Có 29 bệnh nhân trầm cảm trong tổng số 73 bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ, chiếm 39,7%.
ỀU TRỊ HẠT CƠM PHẲNG BẰNG LASER MÀU XUNG
Authors: Thiện Trung Đỗ , Văn Thường Nguyễn
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị hạt cơm phẳng bằng laser màu xung tại bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 31 bệnh nhân với chẩn đoán xác định hạt cơm phẳng được điều trị bằng laser màu xung với bước sóng 595nm, độ rộng xung 0,45ms, mật độ năng lượng 9J/cm2, điều trị tối đa 2 lần cách nhau 3 tuần. Bệnh nhân được đánh giá tại mỗi lần thăm khám và 2 tháng kể từ lần điều trị cuối cùng. Bệnh nhân được coi là sạch tổn thương khi không còn tổn thương hạt cơm trên toàn bộ cơ thể. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân sạch tổn thương sau 2 lần điều trị đạt 64,52%. Các tác dụng phụ gặp phải trong điều trị gồm lên bọng nước, tăng sắc tố, đau trong khi điều trị. Kết luận: Laser màu xung là một phương pháp điều trị an toàn và hiệu quả cho bệnh hạt cơm phẳng, với tỷ lệ khỏi bệnh cao, ít tác dụng không mong muốn.
A Relational Approach to Transforming Power in a Community-University Partnership
Authors: Loh Penn , Ackerman Zoë , Fidalgo Joceline
Published: December 2021

We use a relational understanding of power to analyze power dynamics at the institutional and interpersonal levels in our multi-year Co-Education/Co-Research (CORE) partnership between Tufts University Department of Urban and Environmental Policy and Planning (UEP) and Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative (DSNI). Power in community-university partnerships is often examined only at the institutional level, conceiving of power as a resource to be balanced and shared. Indeed, CORE has advanced institutional shifts through co-governance, equitable funding, co-production of curriculum and cross-flow of people. While institutional policies and practices are critical, they alone do not transform deep-seated hierarchies that value university knowledge, practices and people over community. To understand how intertwined interpersonal and institutional practices can reproduce or transform these cultural and ideological dynamics, we use a relational approach, understanding that power flows in and through all relations. As community members, students and faculty, we reflect on the contradictions we have encountered in CORE. We examine how we reinforce the dominance of academic over community knowledge, even as we leverage institutional power to further community goals. These tensions can be opportunities for shifting, disrupting and transforming towards more equitable relations, but they can also reproduce and reinforce the status quo. Through reflective practice and a relational ethic of care, we can try to recognize when we might be shifting power relations and when we might be reproducing them. This is messy work that requires a lot of communication, trust, reflection and time. A relational approach to power provides hope that we can be part of the change we seek in all of our relations, every day. And it reminds us that no matter what we have institutionalised or encoded, our individual beings, organizations and communities are always in a process of becoming.
Considering Power in Community-Based Research: Shifting Toward New Pedagogical Approaches with a 'Public Work for Public Things' Framework
Authors: Haarman Susan , Green Patrick M
Published: December 2021

One of the fundamental questions of power in the pedagogy of community-based research (CBR) is who gets to decide what is research worthy and what is the focus of CBR questions? The reality of the power imbalance in community-based research and learning is often reflective of a systemic disengagement with the broader community. Even when instructors and administrators are intentional in how they solicit feedback or think through the impact of their work, they may not know the neighbourhood. Prioritising the voice of community partners does not provide a simple solution, as the individuals we work with to organise community-based learning opportunities may not be residents of the neighbourhood.

This article adopts a theory-building approach to this crucial question. Building on the work of Boyte (2014) and Honig (2017), community-based research is reoriented as ‘public work for public things’ (Haarman 2020). After establishing the ‘public work for public things’ framework, the article explores how this new framework impacts collaborative research by addressing the power differential and creating new lines of inquiry – specifically the practice of ‘elicitation of concerns’. Through the lens of critical service-learning pedagogy (Mitchell 2008) and a practitioner-scholar framework (Lytle 2008; Ravitch 2013; Salipante & Aram 2003), we then interrogate two community-based research courses we have recently taught, examining how a ‘public work for public things’ approach would have altered the course and its methods.
Navigating the Boundaries of Youth Violence Prevention and Reduction: Reflections on Power in Community Engaged Scholarship
Authors: Ross Laurie , Katie Byrne  , Safford Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Community-engaged scholars grapple with power asymmetries in community-university partnerships, generally working from the assumption that deliberate practices are required to moderate the researchers’ power vis-a-vis that of the community. In this article, we suggest that this dyadic framing masks the complexity of power dynamics within communities, of which the university is just one part, and examine how power is negotiated in the boundary zones of a partnership. We use Third Generation Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as a conceptual framework to analyse the structural and cultural dimensions of the boundary zone in which research, learning and action in our partnership occurred (Engeström 1996). A brief story sheds light on our boundary work which uses research and data to span, broker and shake institutional boundaries for the purpose of youth violence prevention and intervention. Our analysis illuminates the potential and limitations of our power to foster transformational change. It also allows us to show that underestimating power differentials and the diversity of values and cultures within an organisation and between a university and a community partner, and certainly across multiple institutions in the case of a cross-sector partnership, can slow down and even thwart work to address societal problems.
Promiscuous Care in Movement-Based Research: Lessons Learned from Collaborations in Manhattan's Chinatown
Authors: Wong Diane
Published: December 2021

Decolonial and feminist studies scholars have long recognised the intricate ways in which the personal and academic are deeply interwoven and that the co-production of knowledge is essential for social transformation. This article examines the cultural organising of the Chinatown Art Brigade, an intergenerational collective of artists, activists, writers, educators and practitioners driven by the fundamental belief that cultural, material, and aesthetic modes of production have the power to combat gentrification. Specifically, I situate the collective within a longer lineage of Asian American cultural organising in Manhattan Chinatown and draw from years of movement-based research as a member of the collective. Incorporating personal reflection and interviews conducted with brigade members, this article speaks to how the themes of power, temporality and affectivity show up in movement-based research. How can we think more capaciously about academic and non-academic collaboration, to push the boundaries and explore new possibilities that honour the time, expertise and trauma of directly impacted communities? In reflecting on my work with the Chinatown Art Brigade, I discuss the nuances of intergenerational co-production of knowledge and interrogate how a feminist ethics of promiscuous care can uncover new possibilities for collaboration between cultural workers, organisers and movement-based scholars within and beyond the neoliberal academy.
Community Members as Facilitators: Reclaiming Community-Based Research as Inherently of the People
Authors: Sousa José Wellington
Published: December 2021

This article aims to rethink the positionality of community in community-based research collaboration and advocate the need for community members to facilitate CBR processes to counter power imbalances in community-university engagement. I reflect on my lived experience as a community-based facilitator through a feminist post-structural lens focused on the interplay between concepts such as subjectivity, margin-centre and performativity. I argue that, despite the community-engaged scholarship egalitarian ideal, university-community engagement still echoes the old researcher-researched binary in which academics remain the hegemonic pole. In addition, as a medium of power/knowledge, the university fabricates the community and its marginality. Thus, a margin-centre relationship is established, in which community groups must claim their marginality to receive a share of the centre (the university), such as research skills and information. In these margin-centre dynamics, university and community can be understood as identities and subject positions to be taken up by individuals. In essence, these positions are expressions of regulatory power that normalises subjectivities, a condition in which individuals exist as subjects in the social space. Insights from the work of Judith Butler lead to the understanding that, in order to conceive community members as CBR facilitators, normalised and stabilised binary identities (university-community) should be unsettled. This entails individuals who are subjected as ‘the community’ to escape subjection by moving towards recognition of a subjectivity that is not prescribed or is still marginalised within the discourse. In escaping subjection, community groups may exercise power in order to establish new power relations in which CBR becomes more community-led, yet still collaborative.
Helping Homeless Youth: Epistemological Implications of Power in a YPAR Project
Authors: DeMeulenaere Eric
Published: December 2021

Text from Nasma: 'I’ve started moving my things out of the house. I’m putting it in your office for now.' Thus began the story of how one of the youth I had worked with for four years on various YPAR projects became homeless and turned to me for help. Entering this crisis with Nasma took time and an emotional toll, and it affected the power dynamics of our relationship when finishing our YPAR project. Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) works to rebalance power in inequitable relationships based on roles, age, race, gender, etc. Providing care to Nasma as she confronted the traumatic situation of homelessness affected our collaborative relationship as she became dependent on me for basic economic resources. Through this process, the inequities in age and material resources between Nasma and me were centred, displacing the more equitable interactions that we had constructed through YPAR projects. This article employs critical autoethnography to examine the epistemological ‘risks of care’ and argues that the calls for ‘care-full’ scholarship still need to contend with the pitfalls of differential power dynamics in YPAR.
Sin and Missing the Mark in Management: A Lukan Perspective
Authors: Dyck Bruno
Published: December 2021

This paper draws on biblical writings to contribute to our understanding of sin, a catchphrase commonly used in everyday discourse and the scholarly literature with little reference to its underlying meaning. A biblical understanding of "sin" draws attention to whether behaviors are
consistent with religious teachings and/or with the will of God. This study develops a Lukan understanding of sin and management—grounded in the socio-economic context in which the biblical text was written—that calls for the development of management theory and practices that
liberate relationships (rather than promote patron-client relationships), de-marginalize the poor and oppressed (rather than widen gaps between rich and poor), promote positive deviance (rather than stigmatize diversity), provide fresh ways of thinking (rather than perpetuate the status quo),
and facilitate connection to the spiritual (rather than reject spirituality). The conclusion describes practical examples and implications associated with the Lukan approach.
MEB 2023 Vizyonun’da ki İmam Hatip Ortaokulları ile İlgili Hedeflere İlişkin Öğretmen ve Yönetici Görüşleri
Authors: ELÇİÇEĞİ Büşra , YILMAZ Kaya , ACAR Çağlar
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, MEB 2023 vizyonundan yer alan İmam Hatip Ortaokulları ve liseleriyle ilgi hedeflere ilişkin İmam Hatip ortaokullarında görev yapan okul yöneticileri ve öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma nitel araştırma metodu kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların tespit edilmesinde amaçlı örneklem seçimi, verilerin toplanmasında yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda; iyi örnekler paylaşımları yapan öğretmenlere yönelik ödüllendirme sisteminin geliştirilmesi, yükseköğretim kurumu, sivil toplum kuruluşları ve uluslararası kurumlarla ortak çalışmaların yapılması gerektiği, internetten yararlanılarak iyi bir fenomen oluşturulması veya gayr-i ahlaki fenomenlere yasal yasak getirilmesi, velilerle iş birliğine gidilmesine yönelik görüşler sunulmuştur. Öğretmen ve idareciler genel olarak İmam Hatip Ortaokullarının diğer okullardan daha başarılı olduğunu dile getirmiştir. Başarı farkının dengelenebilmesi için ekonomik program belirlenmesi ve fiziki koşulların donanımlı olması gerektiğini, Türk okul mimarisi modelinin geliştirilmesi, eğitimin anayasa ile korunması, öğretmenlik mesleğine saygı duyulması, veli ve öğrencilerin bilinçlendirilmesi için aile eğitimi kursları yapılması, devletin ortaokullara bütçe ayırması, öğrenci başına ödenek veya ailelerden çocuk sayısına göre vergi alınması, kurum kültürü geliştirilmesi, proje okulu ve %10’luk dilimin kalkması, okul sayısının 500’ü geçmemesi, öğretmenlerin izlenip değerlendirilmesi, sınavların kalkması, okulların kontenjanının olması gerektiğini ifade etmişlerdir. Kadın ve erkek katılımcılar arasında müfredat ile dini içeriğin azaltılması/arttırılması konusunda görüş farklılıkları olduğu saptanmıştır
THE PROBLEM OF DEFINING STAKEHOLDERS IN A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL CONTEXT, EXAMINED VIA THE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PROJECTS.
Authors: Bulmer Elena
Published: December 2021

There has been to date only limited consideration within the project management discipline of nonhuman actors as primordial stakeholders in projects. However, the inclusion of the roles of nonhuman actors is essential, when we consider that many projects in many areas, both within and outside the field of environmental conservation itself, such as for example in the fields of business and management, depend on natural resources for the development of their products. Despite this, natural resources tend to be overlooked in the stakeholder maps of projects in this wider context.   Environmental Conservation projects are themselves especially interesting to study with regards to their stakeholder context and have been used as the experimental setting for the empirical work of this study. The primordial stakeholders of these projects are not social objects and therefore go beyond what are currently generally regarded as the limits of stakeholder theory. The study that has been used to analyse this concept is a marine conservation project based in Spain, whose primordial actor is not human. Unfortunately, these stakeholders being non-human are therefore not able to express themselves, and therefore are rarely purposely included in stakeholder analysis and management approaches, thus limiting comprehensive stakeholder mapping analyses ab initio, and handicapping realistic consideration of nonhuman actors. This study may be extrapolated and applied to the United Nation´s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17, “Partnership for the goals”, with reference to SDG 14, which deals with marine conservation.
LA MONARQUÍA COMO GARANTÍA CONSTITUCIONAL: EL DESEMPEÑO PÚBLICO DE FELIPE VI.
Authors: Arroyo de la Cruz Miguel
Published: December 2021

En la incertidumbre que golpea al Reino de España, los ciudadanos encuentran un salvavidas para la estabilidad y la continuidad histórica de la nación; La monarquía liderada por Felipe VI. En su aún corta y adversa trayectoria de reinado se estudiarán las funciones que tiene atribuidas el monarca como jefe de Estado y su utilidad pública al frente de la institución como garantía y consolidación para el correcto funcionamiento del sistema constitucional e institucional.
In search of healthcare system ideal types — Changeable classifications and dimensions
Authors: Moolla Iris , Hiilamo Heikki , Kouvo Antti
Published: December 2021

This article aims to classify the healthcare systems of 43 developed economies into different healthcare system types, and to examine whether the dimensions of health system characteristics produce coherent health system classification when the dimensions are observed separately. We group health systems into different types based on their institutional structures and performance using healthcare financing, healthcare provision and health outcomes as dimensions of the health system characteristics. Unlike previous classifications, we classify each dimension separately using hierarchical cluster analysis. In particular dimensions, our results resemble those found in previous classifications. However, no coherent clustering of healthcare systems was found across the three dimensions. The results show that healthcare system dimensions differ from each other and each of them form their unique system types. Separating the dimensions helps detecting connections between the healthcare system types and phenomena being studied. It is relevant to note the differences of health system dimensions while discussing healthcare system classifications.
Finland from inside and out
Authors: Kilpi-Jakonen Elina , Kukkonen Iida , Sarpila Outi
Published: December 2021

Editorial note
Public-private partnerships in the provision of homeopathic services in the city of Delhi, India
Authors: Venkat Raman R , Manchanda Raj Kumar
Published: December 2021

Homeopathy is one among the popular medical systems in India. Over the years, the government has been attempting to mainstream homeopathy in the public health system, nevertheless, most service providers are in the private sector. Therefore, increase of quality and availability to all population classes by means of public-private partnerships is seen as a viable policy option. In Delhi, 90% of homeopathic services providers belong to the private sector, including charity trusts. Most of them provide services to the low-income population in urban slams. In 2003, Delhi government launched a program involving the private sector to provide homeopathic services in underserved city areas. This project funded private agencies to run homeopathic clinics. This paper provides an overview on this program, addressing in particular the lessons taught by six case studies represented by non-governmental organizations (NGOs). It also discusses expectations of private providers and concludes with specific recommendations for wider participation of the private sector.
The uncomfortable comfort zone
Authors: Zacharias Carlos Renato
Published: December 2021

Whenever we achieve the satisfaction of our expectations and anxiety dissolves, we feel as if we were in a comfort zone ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å“ safe, complete, free from risks and in peace with ourselves. We might even have a little taste of heaven when we feel that we have fulfilled our duty. And as a fact, scientists are entitled to this kind of rewardÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â¦ but not for too long! In science, to enter a comfort zone can be as pleasant as dangerous. On one hand we may have a safe ground available to develop new modes of reasoning, protocols and theories. And on the other, we may stay stuck in a conventional but fragile ground, missing opportunities to reveal novel secrets or to address edge issues.

...

The community of HD researchers seems to have entered a new comfort zone when nanostructures were found in HD. Nanostructures have been raised to the level of ultimate evidence doing away with AvogadroÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s limit and leading homeopathy and HD research into mainstream science. We really should enjoy this moment and collect more information about the HD phenomenon. However, we must be wary to not fall into a trap.
Use of plant bioassays in homeopathic basic research - a systematic review
Authors: Baumgartner Stephan , Betti Lucietta , Heusser Peter , JÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¤ger Tim , Scherr Claudia , Majewsky Vera , Wolf Ursula
Published: December 2021

Background:

Experimental research on the effects of treatments with homeopathic preparations on plants was last reviewed in 1990.

Aims:

The objective was to compile a systematic literature review on plant bioassays in homeopathic basic research using predefined criteria.

Methods:

Literature search was carried out on publications that reported experiments with homeopathic preparations on whole plants, seeds, plant parts or cells from 1920 to 2010, in healthy, abiotically or biotically stressed conditions. Outcomes had to be measured by established state-of-the-art procedures and statistically evaluated. Using a Manuscript Information Score (MIS) those publications were identified that provided sufficient information for proper interpretation (MIS > 5). Further evaluation focused on the use of adequate controls to investigate specific effects of homeopathic preparations and on the use of systematic negative control experiments to ensure proper system performance.

Results:

A total of 157 publications with plants were identified [1ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å“3]. The 157 publications described a total of 167 experimental studies. 84 studies included statistics and 48 had a MIS > 5 allowing proper interpretation. 29 studies were identified with adequate controls to identify specific effects of homeopathic preparations, reporting significant effects of decimal and centesimal homeopathic potencies, including dilution levels beyond AvogadroÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s number. Studies that tested series of consecutive potency levels reported a non-linear and discontinuous relation between effect and potency level. There were many individual studies with diverse methods and very few replication trials. 10 studies reported use of systematic negative control experiments, yielding evidence for the stability of the experimental set-up.

Conclusions:

Plant models appear to be a useful approach to investigate basic research questions on homeopathic preparations, but more independent replication trials and systematic research are needed. Systematic negative control experiments should be implemented on a routine basis to exclude false-positive and false-negative results.
Effect of homeopathic treatment used in commercial boar semen diluent on sperm viability
Authors: Soto Francisco Rafael , Coelho Cidéli de Paula , Vuaden Erlete Rosalina , Bonamin Leoni Villano , Azevedo Sergio , Benites Nilson Roberti , Barros Flavia Regina , Goissis Marcelo , Assunpção Mayra , Visitin José Antonio , Marques Mariana Grocke
Published: December 2021

Background: It has been speculated that the homeopathic treatment of sperm cells in order to improve semen quality could be promising. However, few data is available and its use in spermatozoa requires investigation. It is well established that mitochondrial membrane potential is an important viability parameter of spermatozoa and it is intimately related to reproductive efficiency. In this manner, new technologies in order to improve the activity of sperm cells and, finally, the fecundity of swine herds are of extremely importance. Due to the lack of knowledge of homeopathic treatment effect on spermatozoa, the aim of the present study was to verify the effect of three different homeopathic treatments on viability of boar sperm cells.

Methods: semen samples were obtained from two sexually mature boars (18 mo of age). The boars were cross bred, with similar genetics of Pietrain versus Duroc, BP 450 progeny from a supplier company of similar reproductive performance animals. The animals were maintained in individual stalls, study conducted in Sao Paulo - Brazil. Three homeopathic treatments: Pulsatilla 6CH, Avena 6 CH or both, compared to placebo treatment (sucrose), the homeopathic medicaments or the control were administrated as globules manipulated according Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacology. Each globule weighted 30 mg and contained sucrose as vehicle. One dose of two globules was added per 100 mL of diluted boar semen, which were chilled for 24 or 48 hours. All samples were labeled in codes in order to allow all laboratory analysis and evaluations being performed as a blind test. Data were tested for normality of residues and homogeneity of variances using the Guided Data Analysis software. Variables and interactions were analyzed by the PROC MIXED of the SAS package (SAS Institute Ins. Cary, NC). Adjusted least squares means (LSMEANS) of treatments were compared using the Tukey Test.

Results: The different treatments contributed to maintain acrossome integrity for prolonged periods of cooling over 48 hours. The use of Pulsatilla was effective in maintaining high sperm mitochondria activity up to 24 hours from harvesting.

Conclusion: Homeopathic medications can be used in artificial insemination in order to improve the quality of cooled and stored pig semen [1].

Keywords: homeopathy, swine semen, sperm viability.

Reference

[1] Soto, F. R. M.; Vuaden, E. R.; Coelho, C. P.; Bonamin, L. V.; Azevedo, S. S. A.; Benites, N. R.; Barros, F. R. O.; Goissis, M. D.; AssumpÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â§ÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â£o, M. E. O. D.; Visintin, J. A.; Marques, M. G. Effects of the utilization of homeopathic elements in commercial diluent on swine sperm viability. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬ÂAnimal. 47:205ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å“209, 2011.
First eddy covariance flux measurements of semi-volatile organic compounds with the PTR3-TOF-MS
Authors: Fischer Lukas , Breitenlechner Martin , Canaval Eva , Scholz Wiebke , Striednig Marcus , Graus Martin , Karl Thomas G. , Petäjä Tuukka , Kulmala Markku , Hansel Armin
Published: December 2021

Abstract. We present first eddy covariance flux measurements with the PTR3-TOF-MS, a novel proton transfer time of flight reaction mass spectrometer. During 3 weeks in spring 2016, the instrument recorded 10 Hz data of biogenic volatile organic compounds above a boreal forest, on top of a measurement tower at the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Ecosystem –Atmosphere Relations) II station in Hyytiälä, Finland. Flux and concentration data of isoprene, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes were compared to the literature. Due to the improved instrument sensitivity and a customized wall-less inlet design, we could detect fluxes of semi-volatile and low-volatility organic compounds with less than single-digit picomol per square meter per second (pmolm-2s-1) values for the first time. These compounds include sesquiterpene oxidation products and diterpenes. Daytime diterpene fluxes were in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 pmolm-2s-1, which amounts to about 0.25 % to 0.5 % of the daytime sesquiterpene flux above canopy.
Photochemical method for removing methane interference for improved gas analysis
Authors: Polat Merve , Liisberg Jesper Baldtzer , Krogsbøll Morten , Blunier Thomas , Johnson Matthew S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The development of laser spectroscopy has made it possible to measure minute changes in the concentrations of trace gases and their isotopic analogs. These single or even multiply substituted species occur at ratios from percent to below parts per million and contain important information concerning trace gas sources and transformations. Due to their low abundance, minimizing spectral interference from other gases in a mixture is essential. Options including traps and membranes are available to remove many specific impurities. Methods for removing CH4, however, are extremely limited as methane has low reactivity and adsorbs poorly to most materials. Here we demonstrate a novel method for CH4 removal via chlorine-initiated oxidation. Our motivation in developing the technique was to overcome methane interference in measurements of N2O isotopic analogs when using a cavity ring-down spectrometer. We describe the design and validation of a proof-of-concept device and a kinetic model to predict the dependence of the methane removal efficiency on the methane concentration [CH4], chlorine photolysis rate JCl2, chlorine concentration [Cl2] and residence time tR. The model was validated by comparison to experimental data and then used to predict the possible formation of troublesome side products and by-products including CCl4 and HCl. The removal of methane could be maintained with a peak removal efficiency >98 % for ambient levels of methane at a flow rate of 7.5 mL min−1 with [Cl2] at 50 ppm. These tests show that our method is a viable option for continuous methane scrubbing. Additional measures may be needed to avoid complications due to the introduction of Cl2 and formation of HCl. Note that the method will also oxidize most other common volatile organic compounds. The system was tested in combination with a cavity ring-down methane spectrometer, and the developed method was shown to be successful at removing methane interference.
Contrasting patterns of carbon cycling and dissolved organic matter processing in two phytoplankton–bacteria communities
Authors: Elovaara Samu , Eronen-Rasimus Eeva , Asmala Eero , Tamelander Tobias , Kaartokallio Hermanni
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Microbial consumption of phytoplankton-derived organic
carbon in the pelagic food web is an important component of the global C
cycle. We studied C cycling in two phytoplankton–bacteria systems
(non-axenic cultures of a dinoflagellate Apocalathium malmogiense and a cryptophyte Rhodomonas marina) in two
complementary experiments. In the first experiment we grew phytoplankton and
bacteria in nutrient-replete conditions and followed C processing at early
exponential growth phase and twice later when the community had grown
denser. Cell-specific primary production and total community respiration
were up to 4 and 7 times higher, respectively, in the A. malmogiense treatments. Based on
the optical signals, accumulating dissolved organic C (DOC) was degraded
more in the R. marina treatments, and the rate of bacterial production to primary
production was higher. Thus, the flow of C from phytoplankton to bacteria
was relatively higher in R. marina treatments than in A. malmogiense treatments, which was further
supported by faster 14C transfer from phytoplankton to bacterial
biomass. In the second experiment we investigated consumption of the
phytoplankton-derived DOC by bacteria. DOC consumption and transformation,
bacterial production, and bacterial respiration were all higher in R. marina
treatments. In both experiments A. malmogiense supported a bacterial community
predominated by bacteria specialized in the utilization of less labile DOC
(class Bacteroidia), whereas R. marina supported a community predominated by
copiotrophic Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. Our findings suggest that large
dinoflagellates cycle relatively more C between phytoplankton biomass and
the inorganic C pool, whereas small cryptophytes direct relatively more C to
the microbial loop.
How well can inverse analyses of high-resolution satellite data resolve heterogeneous methane fluxes? Observing system simulation experiments with the GEOS-Chem adjoint model (v35)
Authors: Yu Xueying , Millet Dylan B. , Henze Daven K.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. We perform observing system simulation experiments
(OSSEs) with the GEOS-Chem adjoint model to test how well methane emissions
over North America can be resolved using measurements from the TROPOspheric
Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and similar high-resolution satellite
sensors. We focus analysis on the impacts of (i) spatial errors in the prior
emissions and (ii) model transport errors. Along with a standard
scale factor (SF) optimization we conduct a set of inversions using
alternative formalisms that aim to overcome limitations in the SF-based
approach that arise for missing sources. We show that 4D-Var analysis of the
TROPOMI data can improve monthly emission estimates at 25 km even with a
spatially biased prior or model transport errors (42 %–93 % domain-wide
bias reduction; R increases from 0.51 up to 0.73). However, when both errors
are present, no single inversion framework can successfully improve both the
overall bias and spatial distribution of fluxes relative to the prior on the
25 km model grid. In that case, the ensemble-mean optimized fluxes have a
domain-wide bias of 77 Gg d−1 (comparable to that in the prior), with
spurious source adjustments compensating for the transport errors.
Increasing observational coverage through longer-timeframe inversions does
not significantly change this picture. An inversion formalism that optimizes
emission enhancements rather than scale factors exhibits the best
performance for identifying missing sources, while an approach combining a
uniform background emission with the prior inventory yields the best
performance in terms of overall spatial fidelity – even in the presence of
model transport errors. However, the standard SF optimization outperforms
both of these for the magnitude of the domain-wide flux. For the common
scenario in which prior errors are non-random, approximate posterior error
reduction calculations (derived via gradient-based randomization) for the
inversions reflect the sensitivity to observations but have no spatial
correlation with the actual emission improvements. This demonstrates that
such information content analysis can be used for general observing system
characterization but does not describe the spatial accuracy of the posterior
emissions or of the actual emission improvements. Findings here highlight
the need for careful evaluation of potential missing sources in prior
emission datasets and for robust accounting of model transport errors in
inverse analyses of the methane budget.
EXAMINE OF THE IMPACT OF LAND USE ON WATER BASINS USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND REMOTE SENSING: TERKOS BASIN EXAMPLE
Authors: Ahi S. , Eymen A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Development movements bring along population movements. Investments in Istanbul make the city of Istanbul even more attractive. With the increasing population, the need for water is increasing day by day. Construction of the 3rd Istanbul Airport within the borders of Terkos Basin, which is one of the important drinking water resources of Istanbul, has caused land use changes in the basin. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques have been used to examine this change. The data obtained through Remote Sensing can be easily analyzed in GIS environment.In this study, Landsat 8 satellite images of the years 2013, 2015 and 2020 were preferred in the examination of the temporal change of land use of the Terkos Basin. The satellite images obtained were classified using the controlled classification technique in the Envi program. Satellite images classified for the creation and analysis of land use maps have been transferred to the ArcGIS program. The changes in the classes determined according to the obtained results were examined, and the changes in question were revealed by spatial analysis. Suggestions have been made for the protection of the Terkos drinking water basin and ecosystem, which is extremely important for Istanbul.
3D MODELING AND VISUALIZATION OF ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE
Authors: Corniello L.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The study presents the results of architectural and vegetation survey missions in the UNESCO site of Quinta da Regaleira in the city of Sintra, Portugal. The different types of connecting elements of the epigean and hypogean architectures in the Park are analysed through the disciplinary tools of architectural design. Surveys and models of some of the connecting elements are proposed for an understanding of the site and its subsequent protection and valorisation through digital documentation. Of great interest is the architectural and social relationship that the site establishes with the city of Sintra.The survey of epigean architecture considered the following: the Casa da Renasceça, the Capela, the Cocheiras, the Estufa, the Oficina das Artes, the Loggia dos Pisoes, the Casa dos Ibis, the Torre da Regaleira the Terraço dos Mundos Celestes and the Fonte da Abundância.The survey of underground architecture considered the following architectures: the Gruta do Labirinto, the Gruta da Leda, the Lago da Cascata, the Gruta do Aquario, the Gruta do Oriente, the Portal dos Guardiães, the Poço Imperfeito and the Poço Iniziático.The work constitutes a complete and accurate analysis, represented through technical drawings, in different scales, digital point clouds and 3D modelling for the visualisation of the architecture in the Quinta da Regaleira in Sintra.
REMOTE SENSING OF CITY. DIGITAL DATABASES FOR ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Corniello L. , Lento G. P.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The study proposes advanced analyses of the monastic citiy of the western coastal area of the Athos Peninsula in Greece. This research is the result of architectural and environmental survey campaigns conducted since July 2020.The current bibliographic documentation is limited, and most of the volumes focus on an art and historical description of the paintings in the monasteries, as well as on visitors’ travel notes.Through the consolidated phases of the discipline of representation, such as digital surveying, point clouds and the processing of flat surfaces, a journey of knowledge of the third arm of the Chalkidiki peninsula is proposed with regard to the religious architecture considered as micro-cities.The initial part of the research was developed with photographic documentation from the sea, while in subsequent survey phase of the monasteries on the west coast was carried out.The instrumental survey activities, carried out with the help of quadrihelix drones and terrestrial photogrammetry, concerned the Monastery of St. Dionysius, the Monastery of Xeropotmus, the Monastery of Zographos, the Monastery of Dochiario, the Monastery of Simonpetra, the Monastery of St. Paul, the Monastery of Xenophon, the Monastery of St. Gregory, the Monastery of St. Pantaleimon and the Monastery of Konstamonitou.The research aims to expose, for the first time, the unpublished instrumental surveys carried out in the Athos community, which has been averse to the access of tourists and curious people for centuries.