bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alkane-based eutectic phase change materials doped with carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Więckowski Mikołaj , Królikowski Marek , Scheller Łukasz , Dzida Marzena
Published: June 2023

Nanofluids of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) or Expanded Graphite (EG) in eutectic PCM (ePCM) exhibited significantly higher thermal conductivity than ePCM and operational stability at more than 1000 cycles.
Spectroscopic identification of the ammonia–mercapto radical complex
Authors: Xue Junfei , Shao Xin , Jiang Xin , Zeng Xiaoqing
Published: June 2023

The elusive mercapto radical complex ˙SH⋯NH3has been identified among the 193 nm laser photolysis products of HSH⋯NH3in solid Ar- and N2-matrixes at 10 K, whereas the same photolysis of HOH⋯NH3yields the amidogen radical complex HOH⋯˙NH2.
Ultrafast fluorescence depolarisation in green fluorescence protein tandem dimers as hydrophobic environment sensitive probes
Authors: Sánchez-Pedreño Jiménez Alejandro , Puhl Henry L. , Vogel Steven S. , Kim Youngchan
Published: June 2023

Increasing glycerol concentrations led to a systematic attenuation of ultrafast fluorescence depolarisation in dEGFP-TD.
Synthesis of interstellar propen-2-ol (CH3C(OH)CH2) – the simplest enol tautomer of a ketone
Authors: Wang Jia , Nikolayev Anatoliy A. , Zhang Chaojiang , Marks Joshua H. , Azyazov Valeriy N. , Eckhardt André K. , Mebel Alexander M. , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: June 2023

Astronomically elusive propen-2-ol and methyl vinyl ether were prepared in irradiated low-temperature acetone ices and detected in the gas phase via photoionization.
Occurrence of emerging contaminants in pet hair and indoor air: integrative health risk assessment using multiple ToxCast endpoints
Authors: Zhang Ying , Tong Yujun , Cheng Fei , Shi Jingwen , Huang Jiehui , Yu Minqi , You Jing
Published: June 2023

Various contaminants in indoor air, dust, and pet hair samples. The distribution of pollutants between media was explained by their sources and partitioning processes. In vitro data helped estimate the risks to human health from indoor exposome.
Silver nanoparticles affect bidirectional crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes in hemocyte subtypes of the oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis
Authors: Luo Yali , Wang Wen-Xiong
Published: June 2023

AgNPs and their ionic counterparts could affect mitochondria–lysosome interactions, including mitochondria–lysosome contacts and mitophagy.
Prediction of organic groundwater contaminant degradation during medium pressure UV/NO3− treatment
Authors: Edri Lidori , Linden Karl G. , Ibrahim Nadeem , Avisar Dror , Kaplan Aviv , Hayoune Sarah , Lester Yaal
Published: June 2023

This work provides for the first time simple metrics and a decision tree to predict the degradability of contaminants during UV/NO3− groundwater treatment.
A facile coprecipitation approach for synthesizing LaNi0.5Co0.5O3 as the cathode for a molten-salt lithium–oxygen battery
Authors: Qiu Qianyuan , Wang Jiaqi , Yao Penghui , Li Yongdan
Published: June 2023

The reaction pathway for Li2O generation on the surface of perovskite LaNi0.5Co0.5O3 for a molten-salt lithium–oxygen battery operating at 160 °C is presented.
Hydrophobic hydration of the hydrocarbon adamantane in amorphous ice
Authors: Talewar Sukhpreet K. , Pardo Luis Carlos , Headen Thomas F. , Halukeerthi Siriney O. , Chikani Bharvi , Rosu-Finsen Alexander , Salzmann Christoph G.
Published: June 2023

The hydrophobic adamantane molecule is fully hydrated through vapour codeposition with water onto a cryogenic substrate and the structure of the first hydration shell is studied with neutron diffraction.
Bimetallic core–shell nanocrystals: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Wang Chenxiao , Shi Yifeng , Qin Dong , Xia Younan
Published: June 2023

We present an overview of the opportunities provided by bimetallic core–shell nanocrystals, followed by a discussion of the challenges and promising solutions regarding the elucidation of the true surface composition and its dynamics.
A stimuli-responsive viologen-containing polymer for use in electrochromic devices and amine-detecting paper
Authors: Tan Tian , He Shaowei , He Guomei , Chen Jiangxi
Published: June 2023

The synthesized viologen-containing polyurethane exhibits excellent electrochromic performance and high sensitivity to amine compounds. This dual functionality makes it a candidate for use in electrochromic devices and amine detection sensors.
Sulfonated phenylamine ionic liquids as efficient phase-separation catalysts for the synthesis of trimethylolpropane triacrylate
Authors: Zhang Mingjue , Li Shuang , Zhang Pingbo , Leng Yan
Published: June 2023

PS3-PA with multi-SO3H exhibits excellent catalytic performance for the esterification of TMP with acrylic acidviahydrogen bond formation. The phase-separation behavior of PS3-PA plays an important role in catalyst recovery and stable reuse.
Correction: Triflic acid-catalyzed metal-free synthesis of (E)-2-cyanoacrylamides and 3-substituted azetidine-2,4-diones
Authors: Rupanawar Bapurao D. , Chavan Santosh S. , Shelke Anil M. , Suryavanshi Gurunath M.
Published: June 2023

Correction for ‘Triflic acid-catalyzed metal-free synthesis of (E)-2-cyanoacrylamides and 3-substituted azetidine-2,4-diones’ by Bapurao D. Rupanawar et al., New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 6433–6440, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7NJ05169G.
Microbial biosynthesis of quantum dots: regulation and application
Authors: Jin Chenyang , Xu Wei , Jin Kai , Yu Lin , Lu Hongfei , Liu Zhen , Liu Jinliang , Zhu Xiaohui , Wu Yihan , Zhang Yong
Published: June 2023

The production of quantum dots by microorganisms is regulated by both intracellular and extracellular factors. Gaining a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism will facilitate the precise modulation of their properties.
Facile two-step synthesis of para-dithienopyrazines
Authors: Hüßler Christopher , Kahle Justin , Dietl Martin C. , Krämer Petra , Rominger Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: June 2023

A convenient method has been developed for the synthesis of thiophene-annulated pyrazines, enabling the access to blue-emitting small molecule N-heteropolycyclic semiconductors.
Metal–organic framework-supported ionic liquids for lipase immobilization: design, characterization, and investigation of catalytic performance
Authors: Suo Hongbo , Qi Qi , Dai Xusheng , Geng Xinyue , Li Qi , Yang Jie , Liu Guoyun , Liu Renmin , Xu Lili
Published: June 2023

Magnetic MOF supported ionic liquids provided a beneficial microenvironment for immobilized lipase. The biocatalyst exhibited enhanced catalytic performance.
Synthesis of Ga-modified ZSM-48 with improved hydroisomerization performance of n-dodecane
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Haipeng , Ma Mengxi , Wang Shuzhen , Xiang Jiangnan , Wang Yan , Dai Weijiong , Fan Binbin , Zheng Jiajun , Li Ruifeng
Published: June 2023

GaZSM-48 has higher MOB selectivity, higher diffusion rate, lower Brønsted acid.
Edge-dominated hydrogen evolution reactions in ultra-narrow MoS2 nanoribbon arrays
Authors: Chen Ding-Rui , Muthu Jeyavelan , Guo Xing-You , Chin Hao-Ting , Lin You-Chen , Haider Golam , Ting Chu-Chi , Kalbáč Martin , Hofmann Mario , Hsieh Ya-Ping
Published: June 2023

We achieved edge-dominated HER in ultra-narrow MoS2 nanoribbon arrays created by a templated subtractive patterning process. In such structures, the efficient carrier injection into edge sites enhances the electrochemical performance by orders of magnitude.
Strategic design of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for photocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Prakash Kamal , Mishra Bikash , Díaz David Díaz , Nagaraja C. M. , Pachfule Pradip
Published: June 2023

Covalent organic frameworks provide a platform for the integration of functional organic linkers into ordered yet tunable two-dimensional frameworks to yield π–π stacked conjugated materials for photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen generation.
Cu2SiSe3 as a promising solar absorber: harnessing cation dissimilarity to avoid killer antisites
Authors: Nicolson Adair , Kavanagh Seán R. , Savory Christopher N. , Watson Graeme W. , Scanlon David O.
Published: June 2023

A theoretical investigation into the chalcogenide Cu2SiSe3, revealing its potential as a defect-tolerant photovoltaic absorber.
High metal loaded Cu(i)N3 single-atom catalysts: superior methane conversion activity and selectivity under mild conditions
Authors: Lee Hyesung , Lee Sang-Yup
Published: June 2023

With a high-metal loading of 17.7 wt%, a single-atom Cu(i)N3 catalyst was prepared using a Cu–benzimidazole complex, exhibiting high reactivity (6.1 mmol g−1 h−1) and ∼90% selectivity in methane partial oxidation.
Anisotropies of solar energetic electrons in the MeV range measured with Solar Orbiter/EPD/HET
Authors: Fleth S. , Kuehl P. , Kollhoff A. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. F. , Heber B. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Dresing N.
Published: June 2023

Aims. This study analyses relativistic electron measurements obtained by the High Energy Telescope (HET) aboard Solar Orbiter in the energy range from 200 keV to above 10 MeV. Caveats of these measurements are discussed. The purpose of this study is to analyse anisotropies of relativistic solar energetic electrons utilising the different viewing directions of HET.

Methods. We identified time periods of interest, that is, those with enhanced electron flux due to a significant solar component, and composed a list of these time periods, including additional observations such as maximum energy and flux as well as the first-order anistropy.

Results. This study provides an overview of HET measurements of MeV electrons and a list of time periods of enhanced flux of relativistic solar electrons, 21 in total. For the first time with Solar Orbiter/EPD/HET, the anisotropies of high-energy electrons have been measured. Specifically, we find three time periods with significant anisotropy above 1 MeV within 0.5 au.
Application of methods for modeling hydraulic and non-isothermal steady states of gas transmission systems
Authors: Novitsky Nikolay , Mikhailovsky Egor
Published: June 2023

In the article, for the first time, an attempt was made to justify the effectiveness of the application of new generalized methods of the theory of hydraulic circuits for modeling stationary modes of operation of gas transmission systems of complex structure and configuration. A classification of the main models of a steady gas flow is given for individual elements of the system, including traditional ones, those implicitly specified in terms of flow rate and dependent on the pressure of the working medium. Generalized flow distribution models are proposed that take into account all these cases. Conditions for the applicability of generalized methods that ensure the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the flow distribution problem are considered. The characteristics of these methods and final algorithms are given, which provide confident convergence and require less computational costs compared to existing methods. Numerical examples illustrating such possibilities are given.
Correlation between number of dental amalgam restorations and severity of oral mucositis after head-neck radiotherapy
Authors: Baharvand Maryam , Kamali Marzie , Manifar Soheila , Kazemian Ali , Alimohammadi Marzieh
Published: June 2023

Background: Head and neck radiotherapy causes side effects such as stomatitis. In vitro studies demonstrated local dose enhancement due to backscatter radiation near metal restorations. The aim of this study was to analyze correlation between number of amalgam restorations with severity of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck radiotherapy. Method and materials: This cross-sectional study was accomplished on 80 patients under head and neck radiotherapy referred to Cancer Institute (Tehran, Iran) in 2014–2015. Severity of mucositis and pain were measured by three examinations according to WHO criteria and visual analogue scale. Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation coefficient test used to analyze the data by IBM SPSS statistics V22.0. Results: There was no significant correlation between the number of amalgam restorations and severity of mucositis and pain on second and third examinations. However, severity of mucositis and pain were found to be significantly correlated with radiation dose per session (p = 0.013, rs = 0.276), (p = 0.032, rs = 0.240) and total radiation dose (p < 0.001 rs = 0.393), (p < 0.001, rs = 0.445) on second and third examinations respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that number of dental amalgam restorations have no impact on aggravation of oral mucositis caused by head and neck radiotherapy.
Phase evolution of stainless-steel pickling sludge and blast-furnace gravity dust during high-temperature process
Authors: Zhuang Qingyun , Li Guangshi , Xie Wenyu , Zhang Yinghua , Pang Zhongya , Geng Shuhua , Zou Xingli , Lu Xionggang
Published: June 2023

Stainless-steel pickling sludge (SSPS) and blast-furnace gravity dust (BFGD) are solid wastes and hazardous materials produced during iron- and steel-making processes and are important secondary metallurgical resources. The comprehensive use of these two materials shows important environmental significance and economic value. Herein, the elemental content, phase composition, and microstructure of SSPS and BFGD samples were then analyzed. Then, a high-temperature process for SSPS, BFGD, and their mixtures (mass ratio of 1:1) in air and N2 was analyzed by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, and the high-temperature calcination products were identified and analyzed using X-ray diffraction. In air, the mixture of SSPS and BFGD can generate SFCA after roasting at 1200 °C. In N2, the carbon in the BFGD reduced the CaSO4 in SSPS to CaS. Based on the high-temperature phase-transformation behavior of the SSPS and BFGD mixture under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, a novel process flow of mixture pelletizing‒sintering agglomeration–blast furnace smelting was proposed for the synergistic treatment of SSPS and BFGD. This process is expected to provide innovation for stainless steel production enterprises to realize the closed circuit recycling of solid waste without leaving the factory.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: An Update on the Current State of Management
Authors: Kalogeropoulos Dimitrios , Shaw Lincoln , Skondra Dimitra , Ch'ng Soon Wai , Christodoulou Aikaterini , Kalogeropoulos Chris
Published: June 2023

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a relatively common retinal disorder that leads to central vision impairment, often with a high recurrence rate. The exact etiology and pathogenetic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated but are likely to be associated with hyperpermeability of the choroidal capillaries and failure of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to serous detachment of the neurosensory retina. Multimodal imaging plays a critical role in the diagnostic approach and monitoring of CSCR. Fortunately, the natural course of the disease is usually self-limiting, with spontaneous resolution and total fluid reabsorption. However, some patients may exhibit recurrences or persistent subretinal fluid (chronic CSCR), leading to progressive and irreversible RPE atrophy or photoreceptor damage. Thus, to prevent permanent visual loss, individualized treatment should be considered. Recent developments in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach have contributed
to better outcomes in patients with CSCR. More studies are required to improve our understanding of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, with a significant impact on the management of this challenging clinical entity. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the clinical features, diagnostic workup, and therapeutic approach of CSCR.
Development, validation, and results of a national endoscopy safety attitudes questionnaire (Endo-SAQ)
Authors: Ravindran Srivathsan , Matharoo Manmeet , Marshall Sarah , Robinson Emma , Bano Madeline , Bassett Paul , Coleman Mark , Rutter Matt , Ashrafian Hutan , Darzi Ara , Healey Chris , Thomas-Gibson Siwan
Published: June 2023

Background and study aims Safety attitudes are linked to patient outcomes. The Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (JAG) identifies the need to improve our understanding of safety culture in endoscopy. We describe the development and validation of the Endo-SAQ (endoscopy safety attitudes questionnaire) and the results of a national survey of staff attitudes.

Methods Questions from the original SAQ were adapted to reflect endoscopy-specific content. This was refined by an expert group, followed by a pilot study to assess acceptability. The refined Endo-SAQ (comprising 35 questions across six domains) was disseminated to endoscopy staff across the UK and Ireland. Outcomes were domain scores and the percentage of positive responses (score ≥75/100) per domain. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed. Binary logistic regression identified staff and service factors associated with positive scores. Validity and reliability of Endo-SAQ were assessed through psychometric analysis.

Results After expert review, four questions in the preliminary Endo-SAQ were adjusted. Sixty-one participants undertook the pilot study with good acceptability. A total of 453 participants completed the refined Endo-SAQ. There were positive responses in teamwork, safety climate, job satisfaction, and working conditions domains. Endoscopists had significantly more positive responses to stress recognition and working conditions than nursing staff. JAG accreditation was associated with positive scores in safety climate and job satisfaction domains. Endo-SAQ met thresholds of construct validity and reliability.

Conclusions Endoscopy staff had largely positive safety attitudes scores but there were significant differences across domains and staff. There is evidence for the validity and reliability of Endo-SAQ. Endo-SAQ could complement current measures of patient safety in endoscopy and be used in evaluation and research.
Perforation-free removal of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Endoscopic inversion and strangulation of muscle layer and resection (EISMR)
Authors: Yamashina Takeshi , Shimatani Masaaki , Matsumoto Hironao , Orino Masahiro , Kano Masataka , Kasai Takeshi , Saito Natsuko , Horitani Shunsuke , Mitsuyama Toshiyuki , Sumimoto Kimi , Takeo Masahiro , Yuba Takafumi , Naganuma Makoto
Published: June 2023

Endoscopic resection for GIST has become more widespread in recent years because it is less invasive than surgery. However, when endoscopic resection is performed, a full-layer resection of the gastric wall is often necessary, and extensive suturing is required if perforation occurs, which is a technically challenging procedure. Recently, we reported a new method called endoscopic inversion and strangulation of the muscle layer and resection (EISMR), which consists of endoscopically inverting the muscle layer into the gastric lumen and strangulating the muscle layer with a detachable snare, followed by resection.

The study comprised five consecutive patients with gastric GIST ≤50 mm in diameter who underwent EISMR procedures. The main outcomes of the study were en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, procedure time, and complications. The results showed that all five patients successfully underwent complete resection without perforation, and the en bloc resection and R0 resection rates were 100%. The median procedure time was 93 min (range, 58–120 min), and there were no major complications. We concluded that EISMR would be a safe and effective technique for endoscopic resection of gastric GISTs and may be an alternative to surgery or endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Effects of Body Weight Support in Running on Achilles Tendon
Loading
Authors: Pohlman Callie , Pardee Andrew , Friedman Mikey , Rutherford Drew , Vannatta Charles Nathan , Kernozek Thomas W.
Published: June 2023

Achilles tendon (AT) tendinopathy is common in runners. Repetitive AT loading may
play a role in etiology. Interventions such as body weight support (BWS) may
reduce loading on the AT in running. Examine how ground reaction force, AT
loading, foot strike, and cadence variables change in running with BWS.
Twenty-four healthy female runners free from injury were examined. Participants
ran on an instrumented treadmill with and without BWS using a harness-based
system at a standardized speed. The system has 4 elastic cords affixed to a
harness that is attached to a frame-like structure. Kinematic data and kinetic
data were used in a musculoskeletal model (18 segments and 16 degrees of
freedom) to determine AT loading variables, foot strike angle, and cadence.
Paired t-tests were used to compare each variable between conditions. Ground
reaction force was 9.0% lower with BWS (p<.05). Peak AT stress,
force, and impulse were 9.4, 11.7%, and 14.8% lower when using
BWS in running compared to no support (p<.05). Foot strike angle was
similar (p<.05) despite cadence being reduced (p<.05). BWS may
reduce AT loading and impulse variables during running. This may be important in
rehabilitation efforts.
Role of CBCT in Prediction of Oro-antral Communication Post Third Molar Extraction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Singh Anupam , Kodali Murali Venkata Rama Mohan , Pentapati Kalyana Chakravarthy , Chattopadhyay Anwesha , Shetty Rhea , Patil Vathsala , Gadicherla Srikanth , Smriti Komal
Published: June 2023

Objective Oro-antral communication (OAC) is one of the most frequently encountered complications during third molar extraction. Various radiographic factors, like excessive maxillary sinus pneumatization, long periods of edentulism, periapical lesions, etc., have been considered high-risk factors for OAC. However, a panoramic radiograph has not proven to be accurate in predicting the chances of OAC. Through this retrospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of a CBCT in predicting the incidence of OAC after maxillary third molar extraction.

Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective study in our department, which included the patients who had undergone extraction of a maxillary third molar over five years with the presence of panoramic X-rays and/or CBCT scans prior to extraction. Primary outcomes assessed from the case files were intra-operative complications like OAC, root fracture, tuberosity fracture, pterygoid plate fracture, etc. The incidence of these complications was correlated with the presence or absence of CBCT before extraction.

Results Out of 920 extracted maxillary third molar, only 148 teeth (16.1%) had a CBCT record before extraction. The most commonly encountered complication was broken inaccessible root piece/s (4.9%), followed by OAC (3.5%). An inter-group comparison showed that a significantly higher percentage of patients (p < 0.001) with CBCT records had an incidence of OAC (11.5%) as against the group of patients with no CBCT record (1.9%).

Conclusion A CBCT scan prior to cases with high-risk factors for OAC can be a valuable tool in accurately predicting the chances of OAC after maxillary third molar extraction.
Batch-Operated Condensed Droplet Polymerization to Understand the Effect of Temperature on the Size Distribution of Polymer Nanodomes
Authors: James Jeremiah , Yang Rong
Published: June 2023

Size-controlled polymer nanodomes (PNDs) benefit a broad cross-section of existing and emerging technologies. Condensed droplet polymerization (CDP) is a vacuum-based synthesis technology that produces PNDs from monomer precursors in a single step. However, the effect of synthesis and processing conditions on the PND size distribution remains elusive. Towards size distribution control, we report the effect of substrate temperature, on which monomer droplets condense, on the size distribution of PNDs. We take a reductionist approach and operate the CDP under batch mode to match the conditions commonly used in condensation research. Notably, despite the rich knowledge base in dropwise condensation, the behavior of nonpolar liquids like a common monomer, i.e., 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), is not well understood. We bridge that gap by demonstrating that dropwise condensation of HEMA follows a two-stage growth process. Early-stage growth is dominated by drop nucleation and growth, giving rise to relatively uniform sizes with a lognormal distribution, whereas late-stage growth is dominated by the combined effect of drop coalescence and renucleation, leading to a bimodal size distribution. This new framework for understanding the PND size distribution enables an unprecedented population of PNDs. Their controlled size distribution has the potential to enable programmable properties for emergent materials.
Surgical Techniques for the Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Khoury-Collado Fady , Newton J. M. , Brook Olga R. , Carusi Daniela A. , Shrivastava Vineet K. , Crosland Brian A. , Fox Karin A. , Khandelwal Meena , Karam Amer K. , Bennett Kelly A. , Sandlin Adam T. , Shainker Scott A. , Einerson Brett D. , Belfort Michael A. ,   for the Pan-American Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Published: June 2023

The surgical management of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is often challenging. There are a variety of techniques and management options described in the literature ranging from uterine sparing to cesarean hysterectomy. Following the inaugural meeting of the Pan-American Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum a multidisciplinary group collaborated to describe collective recommendations for the surgical management of PAS. In this manuscript, we outline individual components of the procedure and provide suggested direction at key points of a cesarean hysterectomy in the setting of PAS.

Key Points
Critical Care in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders—A Call to Action
Authors: Padilla Cesar R. , Shamshirsaz Amir A. , Easter Sarah R. , Hess Phillip , Smith Carly , El Sharawi Nadir , Sandlin Adam T.
Published: June 2023

The rising in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) incidence, highlights the need for critical care allotment for these patients. Due to risk for hemorrhage and possible hemorrhagic shock requiring blood product transfusion, hemodynamic instability and risk of end-organ damage, having an intensive care unit (ICU) with surgical expertise (surgical ICU or equivalent based on institutional resources) is highly recommended. Intensive care units physicians and nurses should be familiarized with intraoperative anesthetic and surgical techniques as well as obstetrics physiologic changes to provide postpartum management of PAS. Validated tools such of bedside point of care ultrasound and viscoelastic tests such as thromboelastogram/rotational thromboelastometry (TEG/ROTEM) are clinically useful in the assessment of hemodynamic status (shock diagnosis, assessment of both fluid responsiveness and tolerance) and transfusion guidance (in patients requiring massive transfusion as opposed to tranditional hemostatic resuscitation) respectively. The future of PAS management lies in the collaborative and multidisciplinary environment. We recommend that women with high suspicion or a confirmed PAS should have a preoperative plan in place and be managed in a tertiary center who is experienced in managing surgically complex cases.

Key Points
General Management Considerations for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Einerson Brett D. , Sandlin Adam T. , Afshar Yalda , Sharawi Nadir , Fox Karin A. , Newton J. M. , Shainker Scott A. , Pezeshkmehr Amir , Carusi Daniela A. , Moroz Leslie
Published: June 2023

The ideal management of a patient with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) includes close antepartum management culminating in a planned and coordinated delivery by an experienced multidisciplinary PAS team. Coordinated team management has been shown to optimize outcomes for mother and infant. This section provides a consensus overview from the Pan-American Society for the Placenta Accreta Spectrum regarding general management of PAS.
Can a Mother's Parenting Style Predict Adolescent Oral Hygiene Behavior? A Self-Reported Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Annisa Deva , Abidin Fitri Ariyanti , Setiawan Arlette Suzy
Published: June 2023

Objective Adolescent oral hygiene behavior plays a crucial role into adulthood and still requires attention from parents, especially mothers. Parenting done by the mother will directly affect the child's life, including the child's oral hygiene behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the mother's parenting style in predicting adolescent oral hygiene behavior.

Materials and Methods A quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was used to examine the role of parenting style on their teenage child's oral hygiene behavior. The instruments used were (1) a parenting style measuring instrument to measure supportive and nonsupportive parenting styles of mothers (parent as social context questionnaire) and (2) a self-structured oral hygiene behavior measuring instrument based on the theory of planned behavior. The population of this study were students at SMP PGRI Depok and SMP Negeri 11 Depok, West Java, aged between 12 and 14 years. The sampling technique used total sampling on SMP PGRI students and multistage random sampling on students at SMP Negeri 11 Depok with a total sample of 230 students. Data analysis was done using multiple linear regression test.

Results Statistical regression tests showed that nonsupportive parenting style did not predict adolescent oral hygiene behavior (p = 0.567), while supportive parenting style did predict adolescent oral hygiene behavior (p = 0.000). Supportive parenting style predicts 31.2% of adolescent oral hygiene behavior.

Conclusion Mother's supportive parenting style plays a role in predicting adolescent oral hygiene, and the mother's nonsupportive parenting style does not play a role in predicting adolescent oral hygiene behavior.
The Effect of Dental Implant Drills Materials on Heat Generation in Osteotomy Sites: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chakraborty Shreyasi , Moufti Mohammad-Adel , Kheder Waad
Published: June 2023

The aim of this review was to examine the impact of dental implant drill materials and wear profiles on heat generation in the osteotomy sites as reported in experimental studies and to critically appraise these studies. The research question was formulated based on predefined patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) elements. A comprehensive electronic search was undertaken in Medline/PubMed Central, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, using predetermined keywords, followed by a manual search of the bibliography of the selected articles. The selection of the studies for the critical appraisal part of our study was based on the criteria used to assess the study designs such as study aims, outcome measure, clarity of method, sample selection, randomization, allocation concealment, sample attrition, bias, method of data analysis, and external validity. Increased heat generation was observed with both ceramic and metal drills; the heat generation was proportional to drills' wear. The literature was inconclusive regarding the association between drill material and heat generation. However, drill materials had a significant influence on the overall temperature increase during osteotomy. The noncoated drills showed a higher wear resistance, and it has been observed that using worn drills leads to more friction contact, reduced drill cutting efficiency, and increased heat generation. Eleven in vitro studies met the inclusion criteria, and showed a considerable methodological heterogeneity and confounding factors, including drill geometry, speed and load, depth and diameter, number of uses, irrigation protocol, study specimens, and the heat measuring device. Besides, most of the studies have a potential operator and assessor bias, and some have sponsorship bias. It is possible to conclude that the literature is not conclusive on the effect of drill materials on heat generation during osteotomy. Lack of standardization and uniformity in the study design, along with potential bias in the study methodology can be the reason for the heterogeneity of the results.
The Wholesome Foods Approach to Trabeculectomy Wet Lab Training
Authors: Gallant Tara L. , Lieng Monica K. , Rizzo Jennifer L. , Brandt James D. , Lim Michele C.
Published: June 2023

Purpose In an era when trabeculectomy surgeries in the United States are on the decline, ophthalmology residents may have limited opportunities to practice surgical techniques critical to success. However, key steps of trabeculectomy surgery can be introduced in a wet laboratory using a simple surgical model based on food items.

Methods A fresh lime and chicken parts with skin, purchased from a grocery store, were utilized to practice trabeculectomy surgery. The white rind of a lime was used as a surrogate for human sclera and was incised to create a trabeculectomy flap. The flap was then successfully sewn down with 10–0 nylon suture using an operating microscope. The skin of the chicken part was used to re-create a fornix-based and limbus-based conjunctival incision, which was then sutured closed using 6–0 Vicryl suture. A survey of wet laboratory participants was conducted to assess the feasibility and efficacy of this technique.

Results Survey respondents were divided into two groups, those who had performed ≥40 incisional glaucoma surgeries and those who had performed <40. Both groups rated the simulation a 4 (mode) out of 5 in terms of how well it prepared them for glaucoma surgery on a human eye and how well the materials replicated human tissue, with 1 being not at all and 5 being very well. Similarly, both groups rated ease of setup and material acquisition a 1 out of 5, 1 being not difficult at all and 5 being extremely difficult. Also, 93.5% of the survey respondents recommended implementing this training model at other teaching hospitals, and none of the respondents recommended against it.

Conclusion This trabeculectomy teaching model is inexpensive, clean, and safe, and it provides a reasonably realistic substrate for surgical practice. It does not require cadaver or animal eyes, and no fixatives are needed, thus minimizing the risk of contact with biohazardous materials. Wet laboratory materials are easy to obtain, making this a practical model for practicing glaucoma surgery in both westernized and developing countries.
The Effect of Mixed Polymethylmethacrylate and Hydroxyapatite on Viability of Stem Cell from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth and Osteoblast
Authors: Saskianti Tania , Purnamasari Shinta , Pradopo Seno , Nugraha Alexander Patera , Prahasanti Chiquita , Ernawati Diah Savitri , Kanawa Masami
Published: June 2023

Objectives Stem cell from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) has great potential for bone tissue engineering and cell therapy for regenerative medicine. It has been combined with biomaterials such as mixed of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) as candidates for synthetic bone graft biomaterial. The aim of this study was to analyze the toxicity test of mixed PMMA-HA scaffold seeded with SHED and osteoblast in vitro.

Materials and Methods SHED was isolated from the pulp of noncarious deciduous teeth and osteoblast cells were cultured, and exposed to PMMA-HA scaffolds with three concentration groups: 20/80, 30/70, and 40/60 for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity test was performed by MTT assay to cell viability.

Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25, one-way analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test, considering the level of significance p-value less than 0.05

Results The percentage of SHED's viability was best in the PMMA-HA group with concentrations of 20/80, followed by 30/70, and 40/60 with 87.03, 75.33, and 65.79%, respectively. The percentage of osteoblast cell's viability was best in the PMMA-HA group with concentrations of 20/80, followed by 30/70, and 40/60 with 123.6, 108.36, and 93.48%, respectively.

Conclusions Mixed PMMA-HA was not toxic for the SHED and osteoblast. This characteristic is the initial requirement to be proposed as an alternative material for healing alveolar bone defects. In vivo animal research is mandatory to confirm the use of PMMA-HA on the alveolar defect model.
Effects of Hemogram Parameters on Remission Durations in Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes
Authors: Günay Çağatay , Sarıkaya Uzan Gamze , Özsoy Özlem , Hız Kurul Semra , Yiş Uluç
Published: June 2023

The hemogram parameters have been extensively discussed in numerous diseases, including epilepsy, for their diagnostic and prognostic values. We aimed to investigate the impact of hemogram parameters, namely, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) at the time of the first seizure on the remission durations of the patients with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS). This retrospective study was conducted on patients with SeLECTS with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. We assessed the hemogram parameters obtained from the venous blood samples collected from the patients upon admission. The duration of remission was categorized into two groups for further data analysis: those with a remission period less than 2 years and those with a remission period of more than 2 years. This study involved 122 patients with SeLECTS, of which 85% (n = 102) had remission durations of ≤2 years. The analysis revealed that patients with remission durations exceeding 2 years had a significantly higher median leukocyte (p = 0.009), neutrophil (p < 0.001), and platelet (p < 0.001) counts. Additionally, higher levels of NLR and PLR were observed in patients with longer-term remission (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of lymphocyte count, monocyte count, mean platelet volume, or LMR. Leukocyte, neutrophil, platelet, NLR, and PLR counts have shown potential as predictive indicators of remission times in patients with SeLECTS. Neurologists can potentially find value in these easily accessible parameters when evaluating the future trajectory of patients with SeLECTS.
Cervical Osmotic Dilators versus Dinoprostone for Cervical Ripening during Labor Induction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 14 Controlled Trials
Authors: Al-Matary Abdulrahman , Alsharif Saud A. , Bukhari Ibtihal A. , Baradwan Saeed , Alshahrani Majed S. , Khadawardi Khalid , Badghish Ehab , Albouq Bayan , Baradwan Afnan , Abuzaid Mohammed , Al-Jundy Haifa , Alyousef Abdullah , Ragab Wael S. , Abu-Zaid Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Objective This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials (RCTs and NCTs, respectively) that explored the maternal–neonatal outcomes of cervical osmotic dilators versus dinoprostone in promoting cervical ripening during labor induction.

Study Design Six major databases were screened until August 27, 2022. The quality of included studies was evaluated. The data were summarized as mean difference or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random-effects model.

Results Overall, 14 studies with 15 arms were analyzed (n = 2,380 patients). Ten and four studies were RCTs and NCTs, respectively. The overall quality for RCTs varied (low risk n = 2, unclear risk n = 7, and high risk n = 1), whereas all NCTs had good quality (n = 4). For the primary endpoints, there was no significant difference between both groups regarding the rate of normal vaginal delivery (RR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95–1.14, p = 0.41) and rate of cesarean delivery (RR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.93–1.17, p = 0.51). Additionally, there was no significant difference between both groups regarding the mean change in Bishop score and mean time from intervention to delivery. The rate of uterine hyperstimulation was significantly lower in the cervical osmotic dilator group. For the neonatal outcomes, during cervical ripening, the rate of fetal distress was significantly lower in the cervical osmotic dilator group. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding the mean Apgar scores, rate of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, rate of umbilical cord metabolic acidosis, rate of neonatal infection, and rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission.

Conclusion During labor induction, cervical ripening with cervical osmotic dilators and dinoprostone had comparable maternal–neonatal outcomes. Cervical osmotic dilators had low risk of uterine hyperstimulation compared with dinoprostone. Overall, cervical osmotic dilators might be more preferred over dinoprostone in view of their analogous cervical ripening effects, comparable maternal–neonatal outcomes, and lack of drug-related adverse events.

Key Points
Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosomal Mosaicism in 18,369 Cases of Amniocentesis
Authors: Kang Han , Wang Lingxi , Xie Yamei , Chen Yifei , Gao Chonglan , Li Xingyu , Hu Yu , Liu Qingsong
Published: June 2023

Objective The prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal mosaicism is fraught with uncertainty. Karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are three commonly used techniques. In this study, we evaluated these techniques for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal mosaicism and its clinical outcome.

Study Design A retrospective review of mosaicism was conducted in 18,369 pregnant women from January 2016 to November 2021. The subjects underwent amniocentesis to obtain amniotic fluid for G-band karyotyping with or without CMA/FISH. Cases diagnosed with chromosomal mosaicism were selected for further analysis.

Results In total, 101 cases of chromosomal mosaicism were detected in 100 pregnant women (0.54%, 100/18,369). Four were lost during follow-up, 61 opted to terminate their pregnancy, and 35 gave birth to a healthy singleton or twins. Among these 35 cases, postnatal cytogenetic testing was performed on eight and two exhibited mosaicism; however, nothing abnormal was observed in the postnatal phenotype follow-up. Karyotyping identified 96 incidents of chromosomal mosaicism including 13 with level II mosaicism and 83 with level III mosaicism, FISH identified 37 cases of mosaicism, and CMA identified 17. The most common form of chromosomal mosaicism involved monosomy X, of which the mosaic fraction in cultured karyotyping appeared higher or comparable to uncultured FISH/CMA (p < 0.05). Discordant mosaic results were observed in 34 of 101 cases (33.7%), most of which resulted from the detection limit of different techniques and/or the dominant growth of a certain cell line.

Conclusion Based on the postnatal follow-up results from the babies born, we obtained a more hopeful result for the prognosis of chromosomal mosaicism. Although karyotyping was the most sensitive method for detecting chromosomal mosaicism, artifacts and bias resulting from culture should be considered, particularly for sex chromosomal abnormalities involving X monosomy, in which the combination with uncultured FISH was necessary.

Key Points
New Zealand pharmacists’ views regarding the current prescribing courses: questionnaire survey
Authors: Ghabour Mariam , Morris Caroline , Wilby Kyle , Smith Alesha
Published: June 2023

Introduction New Zealand pharmacists must complete a joint prescribing course offered by Otago and Auckland universities only, to be qualified as pharmacist prescribers. Aim To identify knowledge and perceptions of New Zealand registered pharmacists, who are not pharmacist prescribers, on: pharmacist prescribing roles, courses and perceived barriers and facilitators to course uptake. Methods Participants comprised registered practising New Zealand pharmacists (n = 4025), across all New Zealand regions. Invitations to participate in a questionnaire survey were sent in March 2021. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Results The response rate was 12% (482/4025), with 94% community pharmacists. Almost two-thirds (65%) had over 10 years of working experience. Nearly all (95%) agreed that pharmacist prescribing would improve healthcare delivery in New Zealand. Most reported that barriers to pharmacist prescribing course uptake were funding, lack of institutional support, up-to-date pharmacological/pharmaceutical knowledge, and 2 years of experience in collaborative health team prerequisites for enrolment, finding medical supervisors, and lack of remuneration for prescribing roles. Discussion Pharmacist prescribing in New Zealand is still in its growing phase. Optimising uptake of prescribing courses and role requires a multi-level approach including all stakeholders. Government/policymakers should consider pharmacist prescribing training and remuneration in their funding plans. Employing institutions should provide required time and human resources (staff backfills). Training providers should consider methods of course delivery and assessment that are suitable for trainees in full-time employment.
The expression of hate speech against Afro-descendant, Roma, and LGBTQ+ communities in YouTube comments
Authors: Carvalho Paula , Caled Danielle , Silva Cláudia , Batista Fernando , Ribeiro Ricardo
Published: June 2023

This paper addresses the specificities of online hate speech against the Afro-descendant, Roma, and LGBTQ+
communities in Portugal. The research is based on the analysis of CO-HATE, a corpus composed of 20,590 YouTube comments, which
were manually annotated following detailed guidelines created for that purpose. We applied methods from corpus
linguistics to assess the prevalence of overt and covert hate speech, counter-speech, and offensive speech, considering different
grounds of discrimination, and to investigate the main linguistic and rhetorical strategies underlying hatred messages. The
research results highlight the importance of tackling covert hate speech, a recurring phenomenon often anchored in irony and
fallacious argumentation, including the emotional appeal to fear and the implicit call to action. We believe this study will aid
in advancing the analysis of online hate speech, while promoting the development of efficient automated detection models,
specifically regarding the Portuguese language.
Lost in transition
Authors: Imer Lisbeth M. , Vasshus Krister S.K.
Published: June 2023

In 2020 a large gold hoard was discovered in Vindelev, Jutland, Denmark, containing almost 800g of gold. Among the hoard’s artefacts are six runic bracteates discussed here. Two bracteates give important contributions to central discussions in bracteate research. IK 737 is similar to the well-known bracteate IK 58 from Funen. It demonstrates that the much-discussed sequence does not readhouaz, but ratherhoraz,weakening its direct connection to Óðinn through one of his many bynames. IK 738 has one of the best executed inscriptions on a bracteate. The inscription consists of 34 runes (including bind-runes) and its final sequence ‘He/who [is] Óðin’s man’ is a crucial contribution to the discussion of who is depicted on the bracteates, Óðinn or a king? The wording rather indicates the latter.