bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local Periodicals on Activities of Steppe Region Administrative Institutions in the beginning of the XX century
Authors: Germizeeva Viktoria V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Local periodical press of the beginning of the 20th century contains materials on the most diverse areas that allows to trace the attitude of the population to government bodies, to highlight topical issues of socio-economic and cultural development. The purpose of this article is to analyze the publications of newspapers that have informational significance in the study of the history of the administration of the Steppe Governor-General at the beginning of the XX century.

Materials and Methods. In the process of work, the main source was the local periodical press represented by the newspapers “Omsk Vestnik” (1909–1918) and “Omsk Telegraph” (1907–1917). In the course of the study, problem-chronological and comparative-historical methods were used, which made it possible to single out the main areas of activity of administrative institutions and examine them through the prism of materials from local periodicals.

Results. As a result of the analysis of the information potential of newspapers, the author has identified several main areas that are most fully represented in the press: the activities of the governors-general of the Steppe Territory, governors and branches of the regional government of the Akmola region to address issues relevant to the region, as well as coverage of events held by city authorities self-government.

Discussion and Conclusion. The local periodical press is an important historical source when studying the activities of the administrative institutions of the Steppe Territory, due to publications in the “Omsk Vestnik” and “Omsk Telegraph” newspapers, one can highlight current problems in the field of management, see the public reaction to a particular event with the participation of officials. The materials of periodicals in combination with official documentation stored in the archives make it possible to trace the activities of local authorities in more detail and show the effectiveness of the decisions made.
Organization of Anti-Epidemiological Measures by Workers of Zemstvo Medicine in Russia at the end of the XIX – at the beginning of the XX century
Authors: Aleshin Pavel N.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The bodies of zemstvo self-government, created in 1864 and gradually spreading throughout the territory of the Russian Empire, performed important social functions: the development of education, medicine, assistance in difficult circumstances (crop failure, fires), etc., and this activity was directed primarily on the peasant population. The prevention of epidemics and the provision of medical assistance in the event of their beginning were the most important areas of work of zemstvos. In the provinces, a district network of medical and paramedic points was created which constantly monitored the epidemiological situation in the villages, in a number of provinces special sanitary points were opened. The implementation of anti-epidemiological measures was carried out at the expense of the provincial zemstvo on the proposal of the governor. Special infectious barracks were opened to reduce the number of patients and for seriously ill patients during the epidemic. Employees of zemstvo hospitals carried out work in different directions: conducting explanatory conversations with the population about the observance of sanitary standards, the need for vaccinations for children, vaccinations (mainly for children), examination and prescribing treatment for patients, maintaining medical statistics. Such work yielded results: the number of epidemics and cases decreased, but it was impossible to prevent epidemiological diseases completely until 1917.

Methods. The solution of the set research tasks was provided by a complex of interrelated theoretical (analysis of scientific literature, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization), empirical (study and generalization of sources) and hermeneutic methods.

Results. Zemstvo medical activity from 1864 to the end of the 1870s only determined the directions of work, was inconsistent and in the field of combating epidemics was fragmented. In fact, the work was not limited to preventing epidemics but to eliminating those that had already broken out. The state did not provide special assistance to the zemstvos in this direction. Only in 1879, due to the strongest epidemic of diphtheria at the government level, “Mandatory rules on measures to prevent the development of infectious diseases” were introduced. In accordance with which, mandatory sanitary and police measures against the spread of these diseases began to be determined.

Conclusion. The selfless work of zemstvo medical workers, the introduction of a system of measures to prevent diseases led to a reduction in both the number of epidemics and the number of cases, but it was impossible to eliminate the epidemics completely until 1917.
Psychological Service of the University: Main Objectives and Directions of Functioning
Authors: Tashcheva Anna I. , Valeeva Galina V. , Gridneva Svetlana V. , Arpentieva Mariam R.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of research. Many universities in Russia have not yet formed in their structure interdisciplinary academic systems to support the educational process, do not pose and do not solve the problem of building and developing interprofessional communications between service units in situations of macro-social crises and emergencies that fill the modern life of educational subjects, and pose new challenges and the tasks of psychological and other types of assistance from academic services.

Research problem. The psychological service of the university often takes on all the problems existing for subjects and stakeholders of education (including medical, social, legal, educational, etc.): such a strategy of activity is of a protective nature of “half measures” that interferes with the search and implementation of effective approaches to solving problems... Therefore, it is extremely important to determine what academic psychological support services for the educational process should and should not do. Understanding the limitations of the current capabilities of the service, its specialists need to be aware of the prospects and those options for assistance that the service could perform, helping to make the educational environment of the university as harmonious and appropriate to the needs of educational entities as possible, not only to prevent and resolve problems and violations of their development, but to set goals self-improvement, develop both in stable and crisis periods. The aim of the research is to study the main tasks and directions of work of modern psychological services of institutions of higher professional education.

Procedure and Methods. Research methods – theoretical analysis and synthesis of the problems of leading tasks and areas of work of modern psychological services of institutions of higher professional education.

Results. Modern academic support services for the educational process include in their work a whole range of tasks, however, in practice, in many cases, some of the tasks remain unsolved, the available methodological and theoretical resources are unclaimed. Conclusion. Prospects for researching the problem are related to the possibilities, limitations, directions and technologies of anti-crisis assistance: assistance in situations of intrapersonal and microsocial and macrosocial crises. Recommendations for improving the work of modern academic services for psychological support of education include, as the leading concepts, “anti-crisis”, “interdisciplinary”, “aimed at improving” the subjects of education.
Socio-Psychological Features of the Correction of Children’s Anxiety Through Play Therapy
Authors: Kuleshova Natalia E. , Lashmaikina Liudmila I.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Currently, the number of anxious children, characterized by increased anxiety and uncertainty, has increased. These qualities are most acute in the preschool period. One of the most important social and psychological characteristics of preschoolers is the emergence and subordination of motives. There is reason to believe that increased anxiety can exacerbate the manifestation of the negative aspects of the crisis of seven years. The problems of child anxiety are of great concern to education of parents of social workers, as well as acute scientific and practical interest of researchers. The need to fill this gap in scientific knowledge determines the relevance of our study. The authors have set the following tasks: 1. Based on a theoretical analysis scientific literature to reveal the essence of children’s anxiety and features of play therapy as methods of socio-psychological correction. 2. Determine the level of anxiety preschool children and bring corrective work through the method of non-directive game therapy. 3. Outline the main ways and forms of social work with parents of anxious preschoolers. Research hypothesis: socio-psychological correction of child anxiety underlying violations of the social status of a preschooler will be most effective if this process is organized within the framework of play therapy.

Materials and Methods. Analysis scientific literature observation psychodiagnostic methods (tests, conversation), experimental methods, mathematical and statistical methods (the Mann –Whitney test, the Wilcoxon test).

Discussion and Conclusions. The results of a study are presented that are associated with a decrease in the level of anxiety preschoolers as a result of classes using play therapy.
Lo cuantitativo y cualitativo como sustento metodológico en la investigación educativa: un análisis epistemológico
Authors: Jiménez Moreno José Alfonso , Contreras Espinoza Iván De Jesús , López Ornelas Maricela
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo es un ensayo que analiza el problema de la división técnica de la investigación educativa cuantitativa y cualitativa. Para su comprensión, se hace uso de los fundamentos epistemológicos de lo objetivo y subjetivo a partir de autores como Descartes, Berkeley y Habermas, así como Kant y Husserl. El análisis permite observar que la clasificación entre estas dos vías, no se basa en fundamentos de orden epistémico, sino en el rubro de lo técnico; se identifica que, en ambas posturas se utilizan procesos intersubjetivos para la construcción de conocimiento, por tanto, la condición de aparente dicotomía se convierte en una articulación de tintes dialécticos entre una y otra forma de trabajo. Se concluye que la clasificación de la investigación educativa desde lo cuantitativo o cualitativo reduce una discusión de la ciencia de orden ontológico al plano técnico. Por consiguiente, se sugiere reorientar el análisis sobre la investigación educativa desde el plano epistemológico, evitando la reproducción dogmática desde la formación de investigadores educativos.
Implicaciones de la emergencia sanitaria causada por el coronavirus en la educación policial
Authors: Rivera Dueña Rosalba , Casas Forero Lizeth Marina , Ávila Niño Fredy Yesid
Published: July 2022

La emergencia sanitaria a causa del COVID-19 ocasionó cambios inesperados en los procesos educativos a nivel mundial; implicaciones que se presentan en este escrito a manera de reflexión, desde el ámbito internacional, nacional y, finalmente, desde el caso de la Policía Nacional de Colombia. El principal objetivo fue describir las implicaciones que tuvo la emergencia sanitaria a causa del coronavirus COVID-19 en el proceso educativo y de formación policial. Dicha información se obtuvo a través de una investigación cualitativa, por medio de revisiones documentales y encuestas aplicadas a dieciocho docentes y treinta y seis estudiantes de escuelas de policía y de instituciones educativas de la región (seis colegios de educación primaria y media de la localidad de Santa Rosa de Viterbo, dos colegios del municipio de Floresta y diez colegios de la ciudad de Duitama). Los resultados permitieron concluir los cambios y las necesidades en la educación frente a la ocurrencia del virus, en la que le correspondió a la comunidad educativa aprender sobre la adquisición y el uso de las tecnologías, lo cual se convirtió en un reto y en una tarea inmediata que las instituciones educativas tuvieron que aceptar y enmendar. El escenario que se planteó para la educación al pasar de la presencialidad a la virtualidad, obligó a cambiar la forma de realizar las actividades que normalmente desarrollaban docentes y estudiantes, y, en el caso de la educación policial, donde se deben cumplir características específicas dentro del programa de formación, resulta un gran desafío para la Dirección Nacional de Escuelas de la Policía Nacional de Colombia, de tal manera que, gracias a lo sucedido, se logra en gran medida fortalecer el sistema educativo para la institución y ofrecer nuevas posibilidades al estudiantado. Por otra parte, se evidenció la necesidad de incluir dentro de las políticas públicas un ajuste al sistema educativo tradicional, ya que la crisis sanitaria dejó en evidencia las falencias que se tienen en este aspecto.
Uso de técnicas de trabajo colaborativo en una presentación oral
Authors: Ortiz Navarrete Mabel Andrea , Benoit Claudine
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer las percepciones de 30 estudiantes de un programa de formación de docentes de lenguaje de una universidad chilena, acerca del uso de técnicas colaborativas durante la preparación de una exposición oral. Para la recopilación de la información, se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada y los datos fueron analizados a través de la técnica de análisis de contenido. De este análisis, se identificaron categorías y subcategorías. De acuerdo con los resultados, se desprende que el estudiantado percibe más ventajas que desventajas. En este contexto, sería recomendable que los docentes apoyaran el proceso de preparación de una exposición oral a través del uso de técnicas de trabajo colaborativo.
Religion and Women's Socioeconomic Welfare: An Empirical Study of Women's Economic Empowerment Based on Entrepreneurial Pesantren
Authors: Setyawan Dharma , Nugroho Dwi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to reveal the role of women in building economic independence amid gender issues. The absence of religion and government in a connected business has made the issue of violence against women continue to roll on. The existence of women in recent years, and likely to continue, is threatened by the absence of safe spaces for women. Komnas Perempuan's 2020 data explains that in the last 12 years cases of violence against women and children have continued to increase significantly due to disharmony and economic factors. Using a phenomenological approach, this study shows a positive pattern in reducing the number of violence against women and realizing women's socio-economic welfare through the women's economic empowerment movement.
Politics of Islam in Javanese Aesthetics: R. Ng. Yasadipura I’s Poe(li)tical Imagination of Islam in Babad Tanah Jawi
Authors: Fawaid Achmad , Udasmoro Wening , Margana Sri , Hussen Bannaga Taha Al-Zubair
Published: July 2022

This paper is to figure out R. Ng. Yasadipura I’s poe(li)tical imagination of Islam in Babad Tanah Jawi. The ‘politics’ is defined not merely as instrumental utility, but intertwined with ‘poetics’, an aesthetic strategy which allegorically unveils an interpretation of the undecidability of  Islam as central Islam or peripheral Islam, as Arabia Islam or Javanese Islam. Based on the biographical and structural approaches, this article attempts to analyze textual, ideological, and religious traces of this 18th century Javanese Muslim bhujangga and its relation to the way he describes Islam in Babad Tanah Jawi. Yasadipura I is a political subject, since he describes Islam not merely as a religious consensus, but also dissensus to other identities. This dissensus is partly a logical consequence of—using Jacques Rancière’s term—Yasadipura I’s ‘class migration’, ranging from Muslim student (santri) from Kedu, royal advisor (menteri) of Surakarta court, to prolific writer and translator of Hindu-Buddhist kakawin and Islamic Malay suluk.
Experiences and attitudes of parents of children with cow’s milk and other food-allergy
Authors: Karakurt Tuba , Bekis Bozkurt Hayrunnisa , Kaplan Fatih , Akşit Anıl , Cavkaytar Özlem , Topal Erdem , Arga Mustafa
Published: July 2022

Introduction and objective: The attitude and behaviors of parents are important in the management of children with food allergy (FA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the experiences and attitudes of parents of children with allergy to cow’s milk and other FA.
Materials and methods: The parents of children with FA were asked to complete an 18-item questionnaire to evaluate the FA history and experiences during diagnosis, treatment, and follow up.
Results: The data from 558 (91.2%) survey questionnaire that were filled completely were analyzed. The mean age of the parents was 33.4+4.9. It was found that most common food allergen was cow’s milk (85.3%). The mean time to diagnosis from the onset of symptoms was 10.9±18.4 months. Around 229 parents (41.6%) admitted to at least four different physicians and 68 (12.3%) parents admitted to at least five different physicians before diagnosis. The median time to diagnosis from the onset of symptoms was five (1-108) months in the patients admitted to four or more physicians, but it was one (1-48) month in the patients that admitted to less physicians (p˂0.001). The most common symptoms were dermatitis and mucus-bloody stool, the least common ones were cardiovascular symptoms. Only 21.1% of the patients were able to use hypoallergenic formulas (HAF) in accordance with the recommendation of the physician.
Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis of FA is a major concern, and during this period the patients admit many physicians. A majority of the patients with CMPA experience difficulties while using HAFs, and only one-fifth of them is able to use formula regularly.
RAB11A aggravates PDGF-BB-stimulated proliferation, migration, and inflammation of airway smooth muscle cells via affecting the NF-κB and PI3K/AKT pathways
Authors: Gong Ying , Hu Yunhai , Huang Jianqiong , Wang Haibo
Published: July 2022

Background: Pediatric asthma is an usual disease and a kind of fearful health threat for children. Airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) with increased cell proliferation and migration abilities serve as important features in the progression of asthma. RAB11A has been shown to aggravate cancer progression and is closely associated with inflammation. Gene analysis discovered that RAB11A exhibited higher expression in asthmatic patients. However, the detailed regulatory function of RAB11A in asthma still needs further investigation.
Method: The mRNA and protein expressions of genes were examined through RT-qPCR and western blot. Cell proliferation was examined through MTT and BrdU assays. Cell apoptosis was tested through flow cytometry. The cell migration ability was detected through wound healing and transwell assays. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-6 were measured through ELISA.
Result: In this study, the mRNA and protein expressions of RAB11A were increased with PDGF-BB treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the silencing of RAB11A suppressed the proliferation ability of PDGF-BB-mediated ASMCs. Moreover, it was uncovered that the knockdown of RAB11A inhibited the migration ability of PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. Besides, suppression of RAB11A relieved the inflammatory response in PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. Lastly, inhibition of RAB11A retarded the NF-κB and PI3K/AKT pathways.
Conclusion: Our results revealed that RAB11A aggravated PDGF-BB-stimulated proliferation, migration, and inflammation of ASMCs through modulating NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. This finding implied that the RAB11A may be deemed as a novel and prospective biomarker for asthma treatment.
Fatores de risco nas neurocirurgias: um estudo de coorte no norte do Brasil
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Rondônia, de Araújo Laís Xavier , Perez da Silva Pereira Priscilla ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Cantanhêde de Deus Josimeire ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Oliveira Pontes Daniela ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Tavares Hang Adriana ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Gadelha Freitas Jeanne Lúcia ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Moreira da Silva Valéria ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), de Paula Paiva Karla ,   Centro de Medicina Tropical de Rondônia (CEMETRON), Moura de Souza Caren Juliana ,   Centro de Medicina Tropical de Rondônia (CEMETRON), Suaris Meireles Carla Vanessa ,   Tribunal de Justiça de Rondônia (TJRO), Delfino Rodrigues Mariana ,   Centro Universitário Aparício Carvalho (FIMCA), da Silva Tavares Daniella Thamara ,   Hospital de Base Ary Pinheiro (HBAP), Sanches Rosa Marcela Miranda ,   Hospital de Base Ary Pinheiro (HBAP)
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Pacientes neurocirúrgicos apresentam elevado risco de complicações locais e sistêmicas que podem aumentar o tempo de internação e o risco de morte. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a incidência de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde e os fatores de risco associados em pacientes submetidos às neurocirurgias. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectiva, realizado em um Hospital de grande porte do estado de Rondônia, no período de 2018 a 2019, incluindo 36 pacientes. Resultados: A incidência de infecções relacionada à assistência à saúde foi 19,4 a cada 100 pacientes (IC95%: 8,19 – 36,02). Ter utilizado sonda nasoenteral aumentou em 6,5 vezes o risco de IRAS (IC 95%: 1,26 – 33,5), a ventilação mecânica aumentou 5,52 vezes o risco (IC95%: 1,23 – 24,6), a presença de traqueostomia aumentou seis vezes (IC95%: 1,34 – 26,8) e realização de exame invasivo aumentou o risco em 6,79 para ter infecção (IC95%: 1,31 – 35,05). Na análise ajustada as variáveis não apresentaram significância estatística. Discussão: A incidência de infecções foi maior do que em regiões com melhores condições socioeconômicas o que pode estar relacionado à menor adesão de boas práticas na assistência. Conclusão: Nas neurocirurgias além das infecções de sítio cirúrgico outras topografias também devem ser consideradas para investigação de infecção. O uso de dispositivos invasivos foi associado à ocorrência de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde, portanto as boas práticas no seu uso são essenciais no momento da indicação e uso destes dispositivos.
Rol de enfermería frente al delirium en unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico: Scoping Review
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Oostra Cortés Lidia Esther , Henao Castaño Ángela María ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Motta Robayo Claudia Lorena
Published: July 2022

Introducción: El manejo integral de delirium tiene componentes de diferente índole y el rol de enfermería frente a éste puede ser difuso. Objetivo: Identificar en la literatura disponible los cuidados de enfermería no farmacológicos para niños hospitalizados en Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrica que presenten delirium. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda estratégica en Web Of Science, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, LILACS y Open Grey utilizando los términos “nursing care”, “child OR children”, “delirium”, y “Pediatric Intensive Care Unit”. La extracción y análisis de los datos se dio por medio de una matriz. Resultados: Se identificaron 12 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y se clasificaron en 4 categorías según la intervención principal desarrollada en el estudio: Abordaje investigativo, intervenciones de confort, intervenciones integrales, e intervenciones educativas. Discusión: El cuidado de enfermería frente al delirium comprende medidas preventivas o curativas que parten del paciente como centro y se extienden hasta su entorno y su familia. Las intervenciones de enfermería pueden estar interrelacionadas de manera que se sustentan y complementan entre ellas. Algunas actividades de cuidado pueden considerarse un indicador de calidad de la atención en salud. Conclusiones: Para abordar integralmente el delirium pediátrico es necesario incidir sobre los factores individuales, ambientales y estructurales que contribuyen a su aparición. El cuidado de enfermería frente al delirium constituye una forma de proteger y promover el bienestar y el desarrollo inmediato y futuro de los niños.
The Evacuation of the Customs Administration from the Kingdom of Poland to Russia in 1914
Authors: Górak Artur , Latawiec Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

The customs administration in the Kingdom of Poland operated mainly in the borderlands. After the Triple Alliance was formed, it became obvious that both the German Empire and Austria-Hungary could be potential adversaries of Russia. The state administration in the Kingdom of Poland would be the most vulnerable to possible military conflicts. In the early 1890s, initial attempts were made to design evacuation protocols. The works continued until 1913 when they reached completion. In accordance with these guidelines, the customs administration was evacuated between July and August 1914. Customs offices and their personnel, along with their families, were transported further inland where they were supposed to await the positive outcome of the war, which, in contrast to expectations, never occurred. The way in which the evacuation of institutions managing the empire’s western land border was planned and carried out raises several specific and more general questions. The authors focus on the approach to evacuation emphasizing its deliberate character, privileges of the hierarchy of officials, approach to archives, as well as the implementation itself and its effectiveness. Further on, the issue of planning the return of the Russian administration to these territories arose, which could be perceived as real belief in victory. The reconstruction of the subject of research is developed with reference to numerous archival sources from the archives of Poland, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia, as well as printed sources: legislation, official departmental publications, and press articles. The work uses or refers to all the literature on the subject that deserves attention. As a result of the analysis of the planning, evacuation, and operation processes in Russia of the examined structures, it can be concluded that the plans were implemented quite accurately and effectively. The authors draw this conclusion after many years of research on the operation and evacuation of other Russian offices of the Kingdom of Poland. These evacuation customs offices operated in a limited number, waiting for the end of the war, but ironically, while escaping from an external enemy, they fell into the hands of an internal one as they served the Bolsheviks in creating their “instruments of power”.
The Siberian Experiment in the History of the Soviet Academic Community: Everyday and Gender Aspects
Authors: Pushkareva Natalia , Zhidchenko Alexander
Published: July 2022

This article studies a unique page in the history of Soviet academic life, the attempt to create especially favourable living conditions for scientific work in the Novosibirsk Akademgorodok (literally, Academic Town) as reflected in the memory of its first settlers in the 1950s‑1960s. The details of their everyday life, such as living in panel barracks, family self-organisation for supplying and providing food, caring for and educating children, and organising cultural life receive new meanings within the framework of “everyday life studies” and gender anthropology. Having processed memories, personal correspondence kept in the Open Archive of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, video materials, and press data, the authors try to prove that the creators of Akademgorodok did their best to avoid formal restrictions imposed on women’s professional self-realisation. Also, the authors seek to answer whether a scientific career was an end in itself for women, to what extent it was possible to go through the “glass ceiling” (which was stronger at higher levels of the career ladder and much easier to break at the beginning), and how desirable the prospect of professional growth was for women in an exceptional domestic environment. On the basis of oral and written testimonies left by the women scientists who lived and worked in the Akademgorodok, the article recreates the picture of changes in everyday life, their impact on scientific work or the formal presence of women in the Novosibirsk academic community, and on leisure and recreation for their families. It also analyses the social infrastructure and the colour of cultural life that contributed to (and sometimes opposed) women’s professional growth. The multiple differences in the living conditions of women scientists in the early history of Akademgorodok appear to have caused differences in the life and professional strategies of those from those in the capital: their desire to save their marriages, play the role of housewives, and, in the families of famous and high-status scientists, to perform representative functions. The authors believe that the above patterns impeded the development of women’s scientific careers for reasons no other than a special spirit of collectivism and quasi-family mutual support in an atmosphere where there was no need to think about personal academic ambitions. Most of the scientists’ wives and the scientists themselves worked without setting ambitious goals of conquering the academic Olympus, nor they did admit to dreams of moving to the capitals or research centres abroad. Having lived all their lives in the Akademgorodok, they turned out to be the main keepers of the historical memory of the everyday changes in the scientific city, the creation of which could not be repeated either in Troitsk near Moscow or much later in Skolkovo.
The Transformation of Family Ties as a Result of Assisted Reproductive Technologies
Authors: Symaniuk Elvira , Polyakova Irina , Menshikov Andrey
Published: July 2022

Third-party involvement in parenting projects alters our perception of kin and family ties. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) cause a fragmentation of parenthood: parental contributions are differentiated into technical operations, while some of these operations are delegated to third parties during conception, gestation, birth, and upbringing. In this article, the authors focus on the discussion of reproductive legislation and demonstrate how ART are medicalised with a view to ensuring an imitation of genetic kinship in the interests of infertile couples. In the second part, the authors analyse recent scholarship in psychology on the social, psychological, and ethical challenges that families encounter because genetic and social parenthood become separated by ART. The re-assembling of family bonds involves linguistic, conceptual, and relationship levels. The authors highlight the trend towards the deanonymisation of reproductive donations and the inclusion of donors into parental projects. In the third part, the article focuses on the practices of informal sperm donation and the formation of new family and kin bonds that are based on genetic kinship and in various combinations may include donors and/or children conceived by one donor and their social parents. The article refers to interviews with sperm donors who offer their services through special online platforms. These men invest in effective donation but are not interested in sexual or marital relations with the recipient women. However, they agree to commit to supporting the recipients and parenting their offspring. As a result, co-parenting transcends traditional family ties by reconfiguring genetic and social parenthood. The authors conclude that in the modern world, family bonds are undergoing a major reconceptualisation due to the development of ART.
Engaging 'Respect for Persons' in Music Therapy
Authors: Lauzon Paul Laurent
Published: July 2022

The goal of this article is to bring clarity to the notion of ‘respect for persons’ and to outline possible applications for the clinical music therapist. An argument is made that we can build understanding about respect for persons by raising a series of pertinent questions, beginning with, 1) How does a clinical Code of Ethics deal with respect for persons? 2) What do I mean when I call someone a ‘Person’? 3) What are key issues concerning personhood? 4) What do we mean when we ‘respect a person’? 5) What are some implications of ‘respect for persons’ in clinical music therapy? and importantly, 6) How do I understand respect from the client’s point of view?
On the Inside of a Journal: The Power of the Dugnad
Authors: Ljones Marie Louise
Published: July 2022

This editorial is written in both Norwegian and English.
Perceptions and Needs of Special Secondary Education Teachers on High School Credit System for Students with Special Needs: Focus on the Field of Integrated Education
Authors: Seong Heewon , Hwang Soonyoung ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: July 2022

This study was to examine the perception and needs of special secondary education teachers for high school credit system, and to consider the desirable direction and settlement plan for the implementation of the high school credit system with in the field of integrated education. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 97 special education teachers that are working in special classes in both middle and high schools. The results of this study are as follows. First, the level of understanding of the high school credit system was high; however, the degree of perception was negative. Second, special education teachers recognized that it was necessary to both organize and operate a curriculum for students with special needs as well as establish a separate elective subject. Third, there were many opinions stating that it is desirable to evaluate the criteria for completing the subject on attendance days for students with special needs. Fourth, for the stable implementation of the high school credit system for students, it was recognized that the responsibility of all school members was important for reducing the burden on special education teachers. Finally, it was noted that necessary for special education teachers' ability to understand and reorganize the curriculum was necessary to implement the high school credit system. Based on the results of this study, the direction of the high school credit system’s stable implementation for students with special needs with in the integrated education field was discussed.
Economic policies for monetary economies
Authors: CARVALHO FERNANDO J. CARDIM DE
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT A new wave of conservative thinking in economic theory and policy, which emerged in the mid-1970s, made the dominance of Keynesian views among macroeconomists its priority target. This wave takes various forms, but all have in common the critique of the interventionist ideas commonly attributed to Keynes or his followers. There is no doubt that Keynesianism, in all its incarnations, has a strong interventionist component. This work examines the fundamentals of this interventionist bias in Keynes’ original work, exploring works little explored or known as those produced during the Second World War, in which that author served as a high advisor to the English government.
Uma nota sobre Lucas e o Vício Ricardiano
Authors: LIBÂNIO GILBERTO DE ASSIS
Published: July 2022

RESUMO A indeterminação sênior enfatiza as limitações da teoria “pura” para derivar conclusões normativas. Este artigo tenta mostrar que Lucas esbarra no chamado vício ricardiano, quando vai direto dos modelos teóricos abstratos às formulações de política econômica. Argumenta-se que tal procedimento está relacionado às posições metodológicas de Lucas. Ou seja, a metodologia “como se” - herdada de Friedman - levaria ao desprezo de elementos externos nas prescrições de políticas.
Evaluation of Self-Monitoring in Pre-Schools with Different Social Repertories
Authors: Dias Talita Pereira , Prette Zilda Aparecida Pereira Del
Published: July 2022

Abstract Difficulties in self-monitoring are potentially related to behavior problems and deficits in social skills. Clarifying these relationships-still little investigated in early childhood-can bring theoretical and practical contributions to child development. This study sought to characterize self-monitoring indicators (self-description, description, and choice of consequences) in preschool children, with different repertoires of social skills and problem behaviors. A total of 53 preschool children (5-6 years-old), of both sexes and from public schools were assessed by their parents and teachers on social skills and problem behaviors and completed tasks from an Illustrative Self-Monitoring resource. The results indicated: (a) better scores for children with social skills in all self-monitoring indicators; (b) positive correlations of indicators with social skills and negative correlations with internalizing problem behaviors. The possible influence of cognitive and verbal development on outcomes, the usefulness of the Illustrative Self-Monitoring resource to identify existing contingencies, and the importance of promoting self-monitoring in early childhood are discussed.
A EDUCAÇÃO NACIONAL E O CONSERVADORISMO FEMININO EM TEMPOS DE DITADURA
Authors: Campos Daniela de , Chaves Eduardo dos Santos
Published: July 2022

Resumo Este artigo analisa como o tema Educação aparece no I Congresso Sul-Americano da Mulher em Defesa da Democracia (CAMDE), ocorrido em 1967, no Rio de Janeiro. Pretendeu-se verificar de que modo as organizações femininas de direita, no Brasil, relacionaram-se com a agenda da ditadura civil-militar brasileira e como, a partir da divulgação pela imprensa escrita dos debates ocorridos no evento, as ideias, defendidas pelo grupo de mulheres, sobre os rumos da educação nacional se entrelaçaram ao contexto político. Para tal, foram analisadas noticias veiculadas em jornais da época e também documentos produzidos pela CAMDE sobre o evento. Como resultado, percebe-se que muitos dos tópicos defendidos pelas mulheres e pelas associações que representavam estavam em consonância com a política educacional conduzida pela ditadura.
UM CÓDIGO PARA A HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO: POSTURAS COMO FONTE E OBJETO
Authors: Limeira Aline de Morais , Miranda Ana Carolina de Farias
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Os Códigos de Posturas ou Posturas Municipais ganharam relevo a partir da Lei Imperial de 1º de outubro de 1828, que reordenou padrões presentes desde o período colonial, com o fim de disciplinar as Câmaras Municipais, subordinando-as às determinações das Assembleias Legislativas Provinciais. Sendo assim, encontramos nas Posturas Municipais a expressão dos ideários de civilidade, modernidade, urbanidade, educação e ordem; a definição do que cabia aos espaços públicos e aos lares; as punições previstas para aqueles que descumprissem as normas estabelecidas. Na pesquisa, obtivemos acesso a Posturas Municipais que versavam sobre aspectos atinentes à instrução e escolarização, sobretudo no Código do município fluminense de Iguassú no ano de 1870. Verificamos que a utilização dos Códigos de Posturas enquanto fonte e/ou objeto é ainda escassa na historiografia da Educação e esperamos contribuir para dar maior visibilidade a este tipo de registro documental, cuja potencialidade é indiscutível.
Intersectionality: an Amefrican diasporic concept for occupational therapy
Authors: Ambrosio Leticia , Silva Carla Regina
Published: July 2022

Abstract This essay aims to present the concept of intersectionality, proposed from black feminism, as an epistemic and practical research analysis tool for Brazilian and Latin American occupational therapy. Lélia Gonzalez’s concept of amefricanidade provides a basis to think about the everyday life of black and indigenous people living in colonized territories. Thus, this concept enables us to approach black and indigenous occupations and understand the exclusion and rupture processes brought about by racial inequalities. We introduce thoughts about intersectionality and coloniality from international contexts contributing to the propositions of occupational therapy. Not with the intention to close the debate, but rather with that of gathering previously started discussions, we conclude that the concept of intersectionality interests occupational therapy because it helps us understand the current processes of oppression in the face of the complex system of colonial, cis-heteronormative, patriarchal, capitalist, neoliberal and ableist oppression, as an ethical commitment and technical-professional accountability.
Assessing the bearing capacity of Crestbond shear connectors to concrete pry-out
Authors: Almeida Ricardo Laguardia Justen de , Veríssimo Gustavo de Souza , Ribeiro José Carlos Lopes , Paes José Luiz Rangel , Caldas Rodrigo Barreto , Cardoso Hermano de Sousa , Fakury Ricardo Hallal
Published: July 2022

Abstract In this work, a study on failure by concrete pry-out in Crestbond shear connectors is presented. The study’s aim was the development of an expression that estimates the connection’s bearing capacity. The analyses were carried out through numerical simulations designed to reproduce the referred failure mode. Numerical and experimental results are compared and discussed in relation to the maximum force reached and the cracking aspect typical of concrete pry-out. The proposed equation corresponded well to experimental results, with a mean ratio Ptheo/Pexp equal to 0,99 and a coefficient of variation of 10%. The results found in this study indicate that the concrete pry-out expression in German Technical Approval Z-26.4-56 can also be applied to Crestbond shear connectors.
Early-age characterisation of Portland cement by impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Sosa Gallardo Aldo F. , Provis John L.
Published: July 2022

Alternating current impedance spectroscopy (ACIS) was used to assess the effect of different sand, anhydrite and water contents on the electrochemical response of Portland cement paste in the early stages of hydration. Potential factors that may affect impedance measurements and data interpretation are also discussed, such as the complexity of the chemical composition of cement, its physical properties and hydration kinetics, and technique limitations. The impedance data obtained were benchmarked against different supporting techniques and literature data, showing a strong relationship among hydration rates as determined by thermochemistry, setting time measurements by physical approaches, pore fluid chemistry, electrical conductivity and the observed impedance behaviour. The results demonstrate that ACIS is a sensitive technique for assessing cement paste hydration, enabling differentiation of changes in the water and cement content, hydration degree and microstructural development during the first 24 h after mixing.
Infrastructure and city ontologies
Authors: Varga Liz , McMillan Lauren , Hallett Stephen , Russell Tom , Smith Luke , Truckell Ian , Postnikov Andrey , Rodger Sunil , Vizcaino Noel , Perkins Bethan , Matthews Brian , Lomax Nik
Published: July 2022

The creation and use of ontologies has become increasingly relevant for complex systems in recent years. This is because of the growing number of use of cases that rely on real-world integration of disparate systems, the need for semantic congruence across boundaries and the expectations of users for conceptual clarity within evolving domains or systems of interest. These needs are evident in most spheres of research involving complex systems, but they are particularly apparent in infrastructure and cities where traditionally siloed and sectoral approaches have dominated, undermining the potential for integration to solve societal challenges such as net zero, resilience to climate change, equity and affordability. This paper reports on findings of a literature review on infrastructure and city ontologies and puts forward some hypotheses inferred from the literature findings. The hypotheses are discussed with reference to the literature and provide avenues for further research on (a) belief systems that underpin non-top-level ontologies and the potential for interference from them, (b) the need for a small number of top-level ontologies and translation mechanisms between them and (c) clarity on the role of standards and information systems in the adaptability and quality of data sets using ontologies. A gap is also identified in the extent that ontologies can support more complex automated coupling and data transformation when dealing with different scales.
The Relationship between Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Cerebral Oxygenation during Hemodialysis
Authors: Richerson Wesley T. , Schmit Brian D. , Wolfgram Dawn F.
Published: July 2022

Significance Statement

Patients with ESKD have a high burden of ischemic brain lesions related to decline in cerebral blood flow during hemodialysis. Preliminary studies in patients on hemodialysis noted impairment in cerebrovascular reactivity, a mechanism that regulates cerebral perfusion. We found that lower cerebrovascular reactivity was associated with greater decrease in cerebral oxygen saturation during hemodialysis, particularly when accounting for changes in systemic BP. These results suggest that testing cerebrovascular reactivity could be relevant to characterizing risk of cerebral ischemia during hemodialysis and the potential sequelae of brain injury and cognitive impairment over time.

Background

Patients with kidney failure treated with hemodialysis (HD) may be at risk for cerebral hypoperfusion due to HD-induced BP decline in the setting of impaired cerebral autoregulation. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), the cerebrovascular response to vasoactive stimuli, may be a useful indicator of cerebral autoregulation in the HD population and identify those at risk for cerebral hypoperfusion. We hypothesize that CVR combined with intradialytic BP changes will be associated with declines in cerebral oxygenation saturation (ScO2) during HD.

Methods

Participants completed the MRI scans on a non-HD day and cerebral oximetry during HD. We measured CVR with resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) without a gas challenge and ScO2 saturation with near-infrared spectroscopy. Regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between intradialytic cerebral oxygen desaturation, intradialytic BP, and CVR in different gray matter regions.

Results

Twenty-six patients on HD had complete data for analysis. Sixteen patients were men, 18 had diabetes, and 20 had hypertension. Mean±SD age was 65.3±7.2 years, and mean±SD duration on HD was 11.5±9.4 months. CVR in the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG; P=0.03, r2
=0.19) and insular cortex (IC; P=0.03, r2
=0.19) regions negatively correlated with decline in intradialytic ScO2. Model prediction of intradialytic ScO2 improved when including intradialytic BP change and ultrafiltration rate to the ACG rsCVR (P<0.01, r2
=0.48) and IC rsCVR (P=0.02, r2
=0.35) models, respectively.

Conclusions

We found significant relationships between regional rsCVR measured in the brain and decline in intradialytic ScO2. Our results warrant further exploration of using CVR in determining a patient’s risk of cerebral ischemic injury during HD.