bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of New Hexakis-Heterocyclic Compounds and their Use in the Formation and Stabilization of Au and Ag Nanoparticles
Authors: Montalvo-Sierra María Isabel , Martins Alho Miriam A. , Herrera-Gonzalez Ana María , García-Serrano Jesús , Bocardo-Tovar Paola Belem
Published: June 2014

The stabilization of nanoparticles in solution is a challenge of major proportions, and avoiding the formation of aggregates and eventual coalescence of particles is directly linked to the conservation of its unique properties. In this work, we reported the synthesis of two hexakis-heterocyclic compounds, containing the tetrazole or 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole group, respectively. The hexa-heterocyclic compounds were used in the synthesis and stabilization of Au and Ag nanoparticles. To obtain these molecules was used phosphonitrilic chloride trimer compound as core, which reacted with phenols properly substituted in the para position with either cyano or aldehyde group. The cyano group was successfully converted to the corresponding tetrazole using a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with ammonium azide generated in situ. In the case of aldehyde derivative, it was converted to the corresponding thiosemicarbazone, which was further cyclized using FeCl3. Compounds were characterized by RMN and IR spectroscopy. The UV-Vis spectroscopy was used for nanoparticles analysis.
Corrosion Resistance of Hot Dip Aluminized Copper Alloys
Authors: Barba Pingarrón Arturo , Hernández Miguel Ángel , Covelo Alba , Valdez Raúl
Published: June 2014

Copper and brass specimens were hot dipped aluminized using different times and temperatures conditions. Obtained coatings in a rich-aluminum matrix were characterized using microhardness test, metallographic analysis, electrochemical tests to evaluate corrosion resistance, and scanning electron microscopy/EDS analysis. Corrosion rate of hot dip aluminized copper varies according to processing parameters of molten aluminum. On the other hand, analysis and electrochemical results show that hot dipped aluminized brass increases its corrosion resistance at higher Al content within the coating.
Synthesis, Characterization and Optoelectronic Properties of Oligo(p-Phenylenvinylidenequinolines) with Different Substituents
Authors: Montiel Hernández Justo Fabián , García Bernal Pedro , Vázquez García Rosa Angeles , Martínez Pérez Armando Irvin , Maldonado José Luis , Coreño Alonso Juan , Coreño Alonso Oscar
Published: June 2014

2,2'–(2,5-bisoctyloxy-1,4-phenylenvinylidene)bis-8-acetoxyquinoline (TrimQ1), 2,2’-(2,5-bisoctyloxy-1,4-phenylendivinylene)bis-6-bromoquinoline (TrimQ2) 2,2'–(2,5-bisoctyloxy-1,4-phenylendivinylene)bis(8-acetoxy-5,7-dichloro)quinoline(TrimQ3), were synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. The fluorescent properties of these bisphenylenvinylenquinoline oligomers were analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy and then the quantum yields were calculated. The order of light emitting properties: (TrimQ3) (quantum yield, 75%) > (TrimQ2) (quantum yield, 21% ) > (TrimQ1) (quantum yield, 5%), showing that TrimQ3 is more suitable for OLED construction than other compounds. Thin films were prepared by spin coating from concentrated solutions of the compounds using a polystyrene (PS) matrix on glass. Prototypes of diodes were fabricated using ITO/organic film/In-Ga a configuration. For all the devices, electroluminescence properties also were analyzed through applying a voltage larger than 8 V and a current of 4 mA.
Analysis of Hardness, Resistivity and Corrosion of HfN Thin Films Fabricated by D.C. Sputtering
Authors: Courrech Arias Ayesha , García-González Leandro , Hernandez Torres Julian , Hernandez Quiroz Teresa , Galicia Aguilar Gonzalo
Published: June 2014

HfN is a transition metal nitride that shows interesting mechanical and chemical properties for using electronic, mechanical, corrosion, wear areas. In this work HfN thin films were fabricated by D.C. sputtering varying nitrogen flux. The Ar/N2 ratio used inside in the deposition chamber was 10, 6.66, 5, 4 and 3.33. The obtained films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Vickers microhardness, high resistivity measurement package and tested by D.C. electrochemical techniques in order to know their crystalline structure, hardness, resistivity and corrosion resistance. We found that a straight relationship of resistivity and crystalline structure with Ar/N2 flux ratio, because of decreasing that ratio resistivity increases meanwhile hardness decreased, this behavior due to amorphous phase of HfN. Electrochemical tests showed that sample at Ar/N2 ratio = 5 showed the maximum polarization resistance while the sample at Ar/N2 ratio = 4 showed less polarization resistance value. All results establish that HfN is a good material in corrosion and electronic areas.
Research on Applied Technology in Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
Authors: Yu Xiao Bo , Zhang Yun Feng , Fu Yao Gang
Published: June 2014

Based on the advance of computer and modern electronic technology, technology of digital signal processor (DSP) and DSP chips have mutual promotion. And the functions of DSP chips have been improved greatly and the fields in which they are applied have also been increasingly expanded. Nowadays, they can be applied in all aspects of modern people’s life and work such as computer enclosure, communication and industrial control.
An Approach of Process Planning Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wang Jin Feng , Chu Kai Yu , Wang Qing Yu
Published: June 2014

An ant colony optimization (ACO) approach has been developed to deal with process planning problem to achieve the optimal process plan. A disjunctive weighted directed graph is conducted to describe the operations, precedence constraints between operations, and the possible visited path between operation nodes. A represent of process plan is described based on the disjunctive weighted directed graph. Ant colony goes through the necessary nodes on the graph to achieve the optimal solution with the objective of minimizing Total Production Costs (TPC). Extensive comparative experiments have been carried out to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Research on Information System with Analysis and Exploration of Campus E-Commerce Model
Authors: Wang Hui Bin , Wang Jing , Cui Jie , Shang Xiao Mei
Published: June 2014

As the Internet infrastructure gradually improved, electronic commerce based on Internet is also beginning to flourish. Colleges and universities is mainly to gather the youth, occupies an important position in the Internet, so the development of electronic commerce has a good potential in Colleges and universities. In recent years, the campus e-commerce with its unique mode of rapid rise, the campus electronic commerce mode of inquiry and analysis, provide a theoretical basis for the development of the campus e-commerce.
Research on RFID Anti-Collision Algorithms Based on Quadtree
Authors: Chen Min , Zhu Jiang , Zhang Yu Xin , Yan Tao , Xie Chong , Zhao Hua
Published: June 2014

This paper presents an improved RFID anti-collision algorithm, which is on the basis of the bit-locking backoff anti-collision algorithm. A method of sending 2 bits length collision information,is used in the recognition process.The reader determines whether the quadtree strategy is adopted according to the collision information of the “00”,“01”,“10”,“11”, effectively reducing the null operations. The proposed algorithm is analyzed carefully in account, transmission delay and throughput of the system. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm have better performance compared with the same class of anti-collision algorithm, which is more suitable for multi-tab environment.
Decolorization of Limonium bicolor kunze (Bge.) Polysaccharides by Resins
Authors: Zhang Li Hua , Zhao Peng , Meng Qing Hua , Du Yong Peng
Published: June 2014

To select a suitable decolorizing resin for Limonium bicolor Kunze (Bge.). polysaccharides (LBPs), the decolorization effect of crude LBPs by five resins are studied. And the adsorption equilibrium of LBPs pigment on the selected resin was investigated.The results show that the decolorization ratios of LX-46 is higher than those of other resins. Under optimized dynamicad sorption conditions (flow rate of 1.5BV/h, 2BV of 6mg/ml LBPS solution in 298K), the decoloration, deproteinization and polysaccharide recovery ratios of LX-46 resin were 92.08%, 92.79% and 86.53%, respectively. The above results show that macroporous anion exchange resins are suitable for the decolorization of crude LBPs.
Research on Forward DC-DC Converter with High Power
Authors: Wang Rong , Chen Heng , Lei Teng Fei , Shi Yun
Published: June 2014

According to the requirements of the aircraft power supply equipment, the high voltage DC-DC power converter module is developed. In this paper, the HVDC (High Voltage DC-DC Converter) topology is studied. The starting circuit is designed based on the control chip TL3844. The components parameters are calculated. An overvoltage protection circuit and a current limiting protection circuit are designed to improve the stability of the system. At the same time voltage compensation circuit is designed to compensate the voltage.
Design of an Overvoltage Online Monitoring Device Based on Optical Fiber Voltage Sensor
Authors: Guo Hai Chao
Published: June 2014

An overvoltage online monitoring and data analysis device based on optical fiber voltage sensor is designed. The device adopts BGO crystal as sensing head, optical fiber as transmission medium. Four A/D converters with sampling rate of 20 MHz are equipped in Data acquisition unit to achieve four-channel concurrent high-speed data acquisition. Virtual instrument LabVIEW is used to complete data analysis and processing. Compared with other voltage monitoring device, it has good anti-interference performance and fast transient response. Physical simulation experiments prove that the system can meet the requirements of overvoltage monitoring. Its application provides accurate data for power system fault analysis and insulation coordination design.
Data Processing for Dynamic Consequences of Prey Refuge in a Predator-Prey System with Stage Structure and Time Delay
Authors: Han Li
Published: June 2014

—In this paper, the effect of prey refuge on the dynamic consequences of the stage-structured predator-prey system with time delay are studied. The results indicate that the prey refuge play an important role in population dynamics, the extinction and coexistence of predator and prey population. The results show that the equilibrium density of immature and mature prey populations increase with increasing in prey refuge and the prey refuge has a clearly stabilizing effect on the predator-prey system with stage structure and time delay under a restricted set of conditions. The Data process is also analysized and obtained.
The Three-Dimensional Unsteady Numerical Analysis of the Internal Flow Field of the New Control Valve
Authors: Qu Dong Yue , Xu Jia Lei , Huang Yang Yang , Xie Xiao Zeng
Published: June 2014

The medium flow of control valve is a typical complex unsteady flow, the internal flow is very unstable which leads to trim or body with vibration of different amplitude, therefore, control valve has been a failure-prone components in the turbine inlet steam system. This paper take the new valve as the research object, by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, the numerical simulation of the internal steam steady state flow field of valve normal work a typical opening in the process of opening is made, and obtain the internal flow field visualization distribution and flow characteristics of control valve. Extract unstable place pressure pulsation of the flow field, get the pulse frequency, and provide the basis for the design, optimization and application of low vibration noise control valve.
Implementation of a Voice-ControlSystem for Issuing Commands in a Virtual Manufacturing Simulation Process
Authors: Pai Yun Suen , Yap Hwa Jen , Singh Ramesh
Published: June 2014

Speech recognition is a technology that attempts to involve audio cues during interaction with machines, instead of being limited to just visual and touch interfaces. However, a keyboard and mouse input is an archaic method of interaction, adding on to the fact that voice control is seemingly more natural. This study aims to implement speech recognition as a form of machine control to perform simple commands in a virtual simulation process. The simulation system is an in-house developed augmented reality robotic work cell which includes a robot arm, a conveyer belt, a computer numerical control (CNC) machine, and a pellet. Issuing commands are performed via the Windows Speech Recognition software built from the Microsoft Speech Application Programming Interface (SAPI). This software is advantageous because it can be fairly accurate once trained properly, is easily modifiable by anyone regardless of the operator’s programming knowledge, and is free. A macros tool is used to support the additional features of the recognition software which includes directly programmable Extensible Markup Language (XML) codes.
Developing a Solar Calculator System
Authors: Muhammad-Sukki Saidalmaruzi , Khan Mohd Toriq Khan Mohd Niyaz , Zeki Akram M. , Abubakar Adamu , Muhammad-Sukki Firdaus
Published: June 2014

There is a rapid increase in global warming over the years. This follows with continues campaign on reducing the energy consumption and protecting the earth against climate change. The Feed-In Tariff (FiT) program was introduced to encourage people to use renewable energy. One of the alternative energies that has shown significant potential is solar energy, which could be harvested using the solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. This project is intended in developing an online application system to help the user in making a decision about installing a solar PV system. This system will help the user to calculate the size of solar panel that a user should install, the amount of electricity generated from the system and the profit that the user will gain after a few years in implement solar PV system in his premise (s) or house (s).
New Algorithm to Reduce File Size and Bandwidth of Hashed Digital Signature for Image Steganography Using LSB
Authors: Noroozi Erfaneh , Daud Salwani Bt Mohd , Sabouhi Ali , Salehnamadi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2014

In computer cryptography, digital signature is one of the best cryptography systems. Public-private keys are used to pass sensitive information however it can also be used to provide authentication on the particulars of a sender. Proposed algorithm is a new design and simple implementation mechanism for producing a digital signature. Some applications such as multi agent systems transferred data with small size and capacity. The new scheme minimizes the size of original file and gives us a dynamic and smaller hashed message output. In this algorithm load the original files then hashed the message and encode it with the private key of sender. Finally modify the established code into a unique digital signature at Base 16. We concentrate on designing and implementation of functions of algorithm.
Characterization of Diamond Electrodeposited Tool for Vibration Assisted Grinding Diagnostic
Authors: Ismail Mohd Fauzi
Published: June 2014

Causal analysis of diamond electrodeposited tools surface topography to the variation of grinding results is required to clarify the variations in grinding results of its application in ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding (UVAG) for steel mirror finishing. On the other hands, reference datum as defined by existing surface topography standard is not suitable and may lead to fruitless conclusion in relation to the DET characterization. This study aims to characterize the DET surface topography in relation to its performance in UVAG for steel mirror finishing. In this paper, samples of DET tool-work pairs are obtained from constant condition UVAG grinding test. The whole surface of DET surface topography is captured in one measurement using con-focal laser microscope and stitching toolbox. Surface Reversal Method is proposed to obtain the reference datum for the identification of active grains (diamond grains which actually involved in the grinding) on the DET working surface based on the most protruded grains from the surface. Based on the protrusion depth, this study found that only small number of grains can be considered as active grains. Then, each DET is characterized based on the distance of active grain to the tool rotational centre (active grain locusRg). As a result, it is clarified that there is a non-linear relationship between the active grain locusRgand work surface roughness Sq. There is an optimum size of active grain locusRgfor current grinding condition and for larger or smallerRg, higher work roughnessSqis observed. Additionally, observation using high magnification white light interferometer on the work surface topography for each sample showed the existence of ultrasonic vibration marks with the marks wavelength consistence to the size of active grain locusRgof the DET, which also validates the methodology used for DET characterization.
If-Then Rules for Selection the Die-Set for Sheet Metal Punching and Blanking Dies
Authors: Hussein H.M.A. , Qudeiri J. Abu , Umer U. , Abdel-Magied R.K.
Published: June 2014

Die-set is an essential tool accessory in sheet metal punching and blanking. The selection of the die-set represents an important activity in the die design operation. Time and money consumed in this operation could be saved by using an automated selection system for die-set components. This paper discusses an intelligent die-set selection system using the AutoCAD platform. The developed system is able to work as either standalone or connected with any die design CAD system by using the well-known AutoCAD programming tools. The proposed system is built using IF-THEN rules approach. The system code is developed using AutoCAD with Visual Basic. A data-base of Nasr Automotive Company (NASCO) for die-set was considered, from which suitable size of die-set was selected automatically. The proposed system could reduce the consumed time in the tool room department from hours to minutes and could reduce effort and cost as well.
Adaptive GA-NN for MDF Prediction Model
Authors: Faridah Sh Ismail , Nordin Abu Bakar
Published: June 2014

This research presents a hybrid Genetic Algorithm Neural Network (GA-NN) model to replace the physical tests procedures of Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF). Data included in the model is MDF properties and its fiber characteristics. Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) NN model is reliable to learn from seven inputs fed to the network to produce prediction of three targets. In order to avoid result from local optimum scenario, GA optimizes synaptic weights of the network towards reducing prediction error. The research used a fixed probability rates for crossover and mutation for hybrid GA-NN model. GA-NN model is further improved using adaptive mechanism to help identify the best probability rates. The fitness value refers to Sum of Squared Error. Performance comparisons are among three models; namely NN with Back Propagation (BP), hybrid GA-NN and hybrid GA-NN with adaptive mechanism. Results show the hybrid GA-NN model perform much better than NN model used with back propagation optimizer. Adaptive mechanism in GA helps increase capability to converge at zero sooner than the ordinary GA.
Research – Design & Development of Fast Customized Manufacturing for Prostheses TKR Based on Rapid Prototyping
Authors: Suwandi Agri , Kiswanto Gandjar , Kusumaningsih Widjajalaksmi , Soemardi Tresna P.
Published: June 2014

The challenge for engineer’s orthopedic prosthetic rehabilitation is to find a state of the art in the field, technical or otherwise, that will help their clients who have disabilities. Organ replacement with prostheses is one of the most successful procedures until now. However prostheses are still using standard geometry that has been determined by the manufacturer of the prostheses and it becomes a problem. In addition to the design size that does not fit, long manufacturing process takes time and is expensive also being a problem. Suitability of the prostheses with the patient's body anthropometry and speed of production in the manufacture of the prostheses is very important. In manufacturing, precision and speed of manufacture of the product is something that is possible but requires a high cost, especially in the manufacture of prostheses. By using rapid prototyping technology are available, this research try to develop the customized and rapid manufacturing systems for the manufacture of prostheses, especially for Total Knee Replacement (TKR).
Smart and Robust Composite Tube Columns Frames for Offshore Sub-Structure Construction
Authors: Albarody Thar M. Badri , Mustaffa Zahiraniza Bt , Liew Mohd Shahir
Published: June 2014

Offshore industry has been welcoming to composite material for its saliences. Features such as corrosion and temperature resistance, construction cost reduction, and superb fatigue performance are some of the reasons for this choice. Steel tube-encased composite is an appropriate found composite replacement for traditional offshore construction. Regardless of all its advantages, they suffer from the interfacing problem between composite and steel layers; however, magnetostrictive nanofillers are proposed to increase the integration between the layers. Therefore, current effort is discussed the vibrational behavior of the proposed robust steel tube column as well as the actuation characteristics of the magnetostrictive nanofillers in encased composite. The result reveals that, the steel tube-encased composite columns exhibit greater stiffness in compare with traditional steel tube. Furthermore, magnetostrictive nanofillers have shown higher actuation capability of vibration at seismic mode.
Low Temperature Oxidation Behaviors of CNTs/MoSi2 Composites
Authors: Zhang Houan , Wu He Jian , Lin Jia , Gu Si Yong , Yu Lei
Published: June 2014

Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) matrix composites with various contents of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated by sintering in vacuum at 1550 °C for 1 h. The oxidation behaviors of CNTs/MoSi2composites at 400 °C and 500 °C for 200 h in air were studied. Results showed that the weight loss of CNTs/MoSi2composites increased with the increase of CNTs content. “Pest” phenomenon happened at 400 °C but not at 500 °C. Phase identification and microstructure of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that many MoO3whiskers and microcracks only occurred on the surface of CNTs/MoSi2composites when oxidized at 400 °C in air, which leaded to the catastrophic disintegration of CNTs/MoSi2composites.
Surface Modification of Titanium Alloys Using Alumina Particles Blasting for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Udomlertpreecha Suparat , Pavasant Prasit , Lohwongwatana Boonrat
Published: June 2014

Ti-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) is a new class of titanium alloys that exhibits excellent properties for biomedical applications. They have high strength, good corrosion resistance, low elastic modulus and satisfactory biocompatibility. Therefore, Ti-based BMG is an excellent alternative material to be used in biomedical application. Titanium alloy with a nominal composition of the Ti40Zr10Co36Pd14 was synthesized by replacing Cu with Co in a better-known bulk glass forming composition. Coin-shape samples with a diameter of 15 mm and thickness of 1 mm were prepared by arc-melting and casting into copper mold. The coin-shape samples were polished, then followed by blasting with 50 μm and 250 μm average particle sizes of alumina. Alumina blasting caused plastic deformation at the surface and induced change in surface roughness. The larger size of alumina particle, the higher the Ra, Rq and Rt with significant difference. Some abrasive alumina particles were found to be embedded onto the blasted surface. The blasted Ti40Zr10Co36Pd14 sample showed lower roughness values than those blasted Ti-6Al-4V samples. This may be because of the higher hardness values of Ti40Zr10Co36Pd14 sample, when compared to the softer Ti-6Al-4V samples. The contact angle measurement which demonstrated wettability of all samples did not show significant difference in a tested range of Ra (from 40 to 428 nm).
Thermal Behavior of Epoxy Resins Containing Manganese Compounds
Authors: Wu Fa Chao , Tian Shuang , Liu Song
Published: June 2014

A novel cheap macromolecular intumescent flame retardants (Mn-MIFR), was synthesized. Epoxy resins (EP) were modified with Mn-MIFR to get the flame retardant EP, whose flammability and burning behavior were characterized by UL 94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), dilatation, char yield, smoke density rating (SDR) and maximum smoke density (MSD). The epoxy resins were obtained for the UL 94 V-0 rating at low Mn contents of 4.0 % get a LOI of 26.5% and char yield of 18.2%. Dilatation, SDR and MSD of EP/Mn-MIFR decreased. The degradation behavior of the EP/Mn-MIFR was studied by TG and EDX analysis. The experimental results exhibited that the initial decomposition temperature (IDT) was decreased, integral procedure decomposition temperature (IPDT) and amounts of Mn and P at the residue were increased.
Application of Calculus Equation in Solving Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Parameters of Flame Retardant Epoxy Resin
Authors: Sun Cai Yun , Yang Yong Li , Gao Ming
Published: June 2014

The fire retardants were used in epoxy resin (EP) to get fire retardant EP, whose kinetic parameters activation energies (Ea) were calculated by Ozawa integral method and the Kissinger differential method. The results show that the correlation coefficient (R) is above 0.95, which shows good reliability of the two methods for solving Ea. E for the fire retardant foam is decreased by 40 kJ·mol-1, which shows that the fire retardant can catalyze decomposition and carbonization of EP.
Thermal Stability of Cotton Cellulose Modified with Calcium Complexes
Authors: Sun Ying Juan , Yang Yong Li , Gao Ming
Published: June 2014

Complexes of cell-THPC-thiourea-ADP with Ca2+ have been prepared. The thermal stability and smoke suspension of the samples are determined by TG, DTA and cone calorimetry. The activation energies for the second stage of thermal degradation have been obtained by following Broido equation. Experimental data show that for the complexes of cell-THPC-thiourea-ADP with Ca2+, the activation energies and thermal decomposition temperatures are higher than those of cell-THPC-thiourea-ADP, which shows these metal ions can increase the thermal stability of cell-THPC-thiourea-ADP
ABAQUS Based on Machining Simulation during Metal Milling
Authors: Dan Zhu , Yan Zheng
Published: June 2014

Machining of metals make use of thermal mechanical FEM model. Analysis of nonlinear elastoplastic finite element simulation of milling of 45 # steel material use software of ABAQUS that is finite element simulation technology. ABAQUS software could be carried out on prediction of the milling force. Through finite element analysis, distribution of stress field of workpiece and tool is obtained under the influence of thermal mechanical. The prediction accuracy of the model was validated experimentally and the obtained numerical and experimental results were found in good agreement.
The Elimination of Pollution of Toxic Cadmium and Arsenic in Lead-Based Alloys of Lead-Acid Batteries in China
Authors: Liu Xue , Cai Jun Chao , Shu Yue Hong
Published: June 2014

An overview of the development of lead-based alloys in lead-acid batteries is presented. Advantages and historical achievements of toxic cadmium, arsenic alloys are affirmed. Compared to cadmium-free and arsenic-free batteries, the shortcomings and performance gapes of cadmium-containing, arsenic-containing batteries are noted. Focusing the prospect of rare earth alloy, and overall promotion of cadmium-free and arsenic-free alloys in China.
Mechanical Design to Adapt Changes to Existing Universal Test Bed Facility of Turbojet Engine for the Turbofan Engine
Authors: Ahmed Fawwad , Aizaz Ahmad , Mahmood Zahid
Published: June 2014

The existing Universal Test Bed (UTB) is a facility to ground test Turbojet Engines before installation on the aircraft. This work provides a feasibility study to adapt changes to this UTB for the Turbofan Engine. Necessary design modification of existing UTB is performed by applying propulsive and structural analysis for the adaptation of Turbofan engine. Physical measurements of the UTB and the mounts of Turbofan Engine reveal their mutual compatibility. Based on these measurements, six different CAD models are generated in Solid Works® and analyzed in ANSYS® Workbench. After grid independence check, validation of the model with applied loads and the boundary conditions was done through comparison of analytical calculations with those of a simplified CAD model. Based on minimum stress vis-à-vis maximum Factor of Safety (FOS), the best design is finally selected through this research.
The Research on Fault Diagnosis of Civil Aircraft Information Fusion Based on the Evidence Theory
Authors: Peng Xue
Published: June 2014

In this paper, information fusion theory based on the evidence theory is used in the fault diagnosis field of civil aircraft. Considering the conflict resulted from information fusion in some certain conditions, two improved methods, including Similarity Coefficient and Full Factor are put forward to solve the conflict problems. In a nutshell, the methods are pretty effective and reliable, and the maintenance cost of airlines can be reduced obviously.
Mixed Interface Stress Element-Finite Element Model with its Application
Authors: Sun Yan Hua , Wu Fei , Sun Kai , Li Dong Dong
Published: June 2014

Based on the model of rigid-spring element suitable for homogeneous elastic problem, which was developed by Japanese professor Kawai, the interface stress element model (ISEM) for solving the problem of discontinuous media mechanics has been established. Compared with the traditional finite element method (FEM), the ISEM is more accurate and applicable. But on the other hand, the total number of freedom degree of ISEM in dealing with three-dimensional problems is higher than that of FEM, which often brings about the negative effects on efficiency of calculation. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a mixed model by gathering the advantages of ISEM and FEM together. By making use of the good compatibility of ISEM and introducing the concept of transitional interface element, this paper combines the counting methods of ISEM and FEM, and proposes a mixed model of ISEM-FEM, which can solve, to a large extent, the contradictions between accuracy and efficiency of calculation. The examples prove the applicability and adaptability of this model to engineering.
Modeling of Mass-Spring-Damper System by Complex Stiffness Method
Authors: Zhang Sheng Guo , Dang Xiao Ping
Published: June 2014

This paper aims at directly modeling the transfer functions of mass-spring-damper systems. Using complex stiffness of mass, spring, and damper elements and equivalent complex stiffness of these elements in series and/or in parallel, the transfer functions of the mass-spring-damper systems are modeled quickly. This is very convenient to the modeling of the complicated mechanical systems.
Development of Digital Filter Software in Auto Safety Components Test
Authors: Du Chang Jiang , Du Tian Qiang , Liu Wei
Published: June 2014

In auto safety components crash test, noise and interference signals is inevitable in the collected physical data, which will seriously affect the accuracy of the data. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages are compared between IIR filters and FIR filters, a Butterworth filter is designed using the impulse response invariant method, and a filtering software is developed to meet the need of data processing for different measurement projects. The results showed that: according to different test data, the filter can achieve CFC filtering of different frequency levels, exclude interference data, preserve useful information, which ensures data accuracy and reliability, provides a convenient for the following data processing.
Maintenance Centered on the Reliability on Wind Turbines of Low Accessibility
Authors: Gonzalez Sainz Jose Antonio , Sebastián M.A.
Published: June 2014

This paper presents the importance of obtaining the application of a maintenance technique that satisfies in a precise way the different needs of the production process, independently of its technical complexity or difficulty of access to the industrial plant facilities. This is the case of the plants with a high automation level or wind farms located in remote places with low accessibility. Besides this, the studied situations have in common the low level of physical operation in its production process.
Double Flank Roll Testing as Verification Technique for Micro Gears
Authors: Acero Cacho Raquel , Santolaria Mazo Jorge , Pueo Arteta Marcos
Published: June 2014

In recent years there has been a considerable interest in microsystems, named as MEMS (Micro Electromechanical Systems). Its continuing expansion is expected, derived from the trend towards miniaturization of components and the increasing applications for these micro devices. To overcome this, the technology to produce these products known as microsystem technology (MST), has been improving in order to allow the manufacturing of this type of parts becoming of growing importance over the past years. Micro gears are commonly used in electronics industry where the miniaturization process follows a constant evolution with multiple use advantages despite their small size. In this work the study and analysis of the existing verification techniques for micro gears together with the definition of a double flank rolling test focused on these gears is presented.
Energy Efficient Heat Treatment Process Design and Optimisation
Authors: Mendikoa Iñigo , Sorli Mikel , Armijo Alberto , García Laura , Erausquin Luis , Insunza Mario , Bilbao Jon , Friden Hakan , Björk Anders , Bergfors Linus , Skema Romualdas , Alzbutas Robertas , Iesmantas Tomas
Published: June 2014

Currently ICT (Information and Communication Technology) solutions are being developed for energy saving in buildings and, to some extent, for the manufacturing domain as well. This paper describes an approach and ICT tool developed for manufacturing process energy efficiency design and optimization, in particular focused on the heat treatment process of steel casting parts. Traditionally this manufacturing process is designed based on experts experience selecting a predefined temperature-time curve provided customer specifications for the resulting steel parts. However this curve can actually be optimised in terms of energy consumption while keeping required mechanical properties. This improved design is what the tool here described provides, using knowledge based approach for process design and multivariate optimisation and simulation techniques for process optimisation.
Polishing of Ductile Cast Iron with Scan-Head Guided Fiber Laser
Authors: Ukar Eneko , Lamikiz Aitzol , Martinez Silvia , Tabernero Iván
Published: June 2014

Present work deals with laser polishing process on GGG70L spheroidal cast iron, which is widely used in die making for the automotive industry. Free graphite in the structure of GGG70L makes difficult the polishing and surface roughness reduction because the high melting temperature. In this work a complete study is presented, where main process parameters are identified and free graphite is eliminated from surface. The quantification of surface improvement is presented in terms of resulting surface roughness, hardness, and heat affected layer thickness. Thus, using optimal parameters, laser polishing with 2D scan head gives satisfactory results on GGG70L cast iron with roughness reduction rates up to 80% and minimum mean roughness Raof 0.5 μm.
Cutting Forces Prediction in the Dry Slotting of Aluminium Stacks
Authors: Salguero Jorge , Calamaz Madalina , Batista Moisés , Girot Franck , Marcos Bárcena Mariano
Published: June 2014

Cutting forces are one of the inherent phenomena and a very significant indicator of the metal cutting process. The work presented in this paper is an investigation of the prediction of these parameters in slotting processes of UNS A92024-T3 (Al-Cu) stacks. So, cutting speed (V) and feed per tooth (fz) based parametric models, for experimental components of cutting force, F(fz,V) have been proposed. These models have been developed from the individual models extracted from the marginal adjustment of the cutting force components to each one of the input variables: F(fz) and F(V).
SBA-15 Molecular Sieve Using Clay as Silicon Sources
Authors: de Paula Gustavo Medeiros , Lima L.A. , Freire Rodrigues Meiry Glaúcia
Published: June 2014

New sources of silica as a replacement for TEOS in the synthesis of SBA-15 are been performed by various research teams worldwide. The aim of this work is to describe the synthesis and characterization of SBA-15 made with chocolate B clay as an alternative source of silica by the hydrothermal method. Samples of classic SBA-15 were made with the traditional TEOS method. The samples of the two silica sources were characterized by DRX, EDX, and BET to evaluate the effects of the silica source on the synthesis of the molecular sieve. The chocolate B clay was efficient in the formation of the molecular sieve structure, but there was a great reduction in the surface area and total pore volume in comparison to the surface area of classic SBA-15.
Influence of the Citric Acid and Metal Cation Ratio on the Structural and Morphological Characteristics of Aluminum Oxide Synthesized by Pechini Method
Authors: da Silva Mirele Costa , Lucena Hélio Lira , de Freitas Normanda Lino
Published: June 2014

Given the opportunities that aluminas present in relation to the broad field of applications to which they refer, the literature has reported great diversity in methodology to obtain these materials in the search of generating the best properties. In this way, the aim of this work is to evaluate the use of different citric acid and metallic cation ratio on the structural and morphological characteristics of the alumina synthesized by Pechini method and calcined at 1100°C. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, particle size and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed a large amount of loss of mass after pyrolysis. The α-alumina phase was achieved for the two studied ratio reaching values for crystallite size of 41.4 and 52.5 nm, crystallinity of 88 and 91.2%, agglomerates size of 12.3 and 14μm, for the synthesized samples 2:1 and 3:1, respectively. According to the SEM images, the changes in the citric acid: metallic cation ratio did not significantly modify the morphology of the alumina.
Sintering Sr2MgWO6 Ceramic and their Reactivity to Petroleum
Authors: da Silva Oliveira José Carlos , Ferreira Ricardo Arthur Sanguinetti , Yadava Yogendra Prasad
Published: June 2014

This work has as main objectives to produce the ceramic Sr2MgWO6and evaluate their reactivity to petroleum. Powders of SrCO3, MgO and WO3were selected, taken in stoichiometric amounts and synthesized by conventional route. The synthesis was characterized by size distribution, specific surface area and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The synthesis was also fragmented into ball mill and characterized by specific surface. It was compacted, then was calcined at 1200 °C and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The powders Sr2MgWO6with perovskite structure were compacted and sintered at 1250, 1300 and 1350 °C. The materials produced were evaluated by microhardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffraction of X-rays and tests submersion in petroleum. The results showed that the ceramics have high microhardness and potential to be used in chemically aggressive environments such as petroleum.
Synthesis, Characterization and Ionic Conductivity of Fully Stabilized Zirconia Obtained from Core-Shell Type Structures
Authors: Muñoz Rodrigo Arbey Meneses , Cajas Paola Cristina , Rodriguez J.E. , Narváez-Semanate J.L. , Silva Cosme R.M.
Published: June 2014

Solid electrolytes based on stabilized zirconia have been studied a long time ago in its cubic phase because of its electrical properties, which make them excellent candidates to be used in applications such as oxygen sensors and solid oxide fuel cells [1], [2]. Lambda sensor or oxygen sensor, as it is also known, is a device that measures the oxygen concentration of the gases that flow through the exhaust pipe. Physically, the lambda sensor has two electrodes. The outer which is exposed to the exhaust gases and the inner to the air (reference) [3]; these electrodes are made, generally, of porous platinum. The ceramic material, i.e., zirconium oxide, is placed in between the electrodes, so the oxygen ions can move from one electrode to another. As one of the electrodes is exposed to the reference gas, the voltage generated is a measure of the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gases [4].
Ceramic Tiles with Photovoltaic Properties
Authors: Muller Daliana , Pinheiro Geneviève K. , Scarabelot Letícia T. , França Jonathan F. , Hotza Dachamir , Rambo Carlos R.
Published: June 2014

The development of organic materials with photovoltaic properties should enable the production of polymeric solar cells with high conversion efficiency. Due to low production cost and conversion efficiency above 10%, organic solar cells have great potential to compete with inorganic photovoltaic cells. This work proposes the development and integration of ETA (extremely thin absorber) photovoltaic cells, based on titanium oxide films and nanostructured conductive polymer in ceramic tiles, with the purpose of increasing the available area for sunlight capture, normally limited to roofs, expanding it onto the lateral sides of buildings. The nanostructured TiO2was obtained by sol-gel process from titanium isopropoxide, followed by supercritical CO2extraction in order to obtain a nanostructured aerogel. The conductive polymer used was the poly-3.4 (ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) synthesized with iron III p-toluene sulfonate as an oxidizing agent. The materials were deposited layer by layer on a Cu electrode mounted on a ceramic tile piece, covered with glass containing a thin conductive layer of indium doped tin oxide (ITO). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the nanostructured titania aerogels exhibit particle sizes in the range of 2-5 nm. Preliminary studies have shown that the developed solar cell show a behavior typical of diodes (characteristic I×V curve) when subjected to different wavelength lamps (fluorescent and UV). Ceramic wall and roof tiles with photovoltaic properties, independently of the conversion efficiency, could serve as auxiliary energy sources to reduce expenses with conventional electricity.
Characterization and Granulometric Correction Soil for the Production of Soil-Cement Blocks for Two Method, Particle Size and X-Ray Florescence to be Inserted in Phase Change Materials (PCMS)
Authors: Dantas Valter Bezerra , Gomes U.U. , Vital A.B. , Marinho G.S. , Silva Ariadne  de Souza
Published: June 2014

This paper presents the results of tests for characterization of soil samples collected in Mossoró-RN, UFERSA-RN Campus (5 ° 12'34 .68 "South latitude, 37 ° 19 '5.74 "west longitude), for the purpose of producing soil-cement for the manufacture of pressed blocks. Objective of improving the quality of soil-cement, and provide conditions for the use of the soil making it ideal for the production of soil-cement block. Tests of compaction, particle size analysis, plastic limit, liquid limit and correct particle size, X-ray fluorescence and morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was concluded that the soil needs correction particle size, due to the high clay content. The method combined grading, sieving, sedimentation and blooming X-ray as the fastest and most accurate in correcting soil particle size.
Evaluation of Pozzolanic Activity of Siliceous Materials Using the Method of Variation of Conductivity in Lime Solution
Authors: de Souza Soares Marcela Maira Nascimento , Figueiredo Roberto B. , Aguilar Maria Teresa Paulino , Cetlin Paulo Roberto
Published: June 2014

Pozzolanic materials react with lime produced during curing of cement forming a hard phase similar to hardened cement. There are multiple methods to evaluate the pozzolanic activity of materials and one of these methods is the evaluation of the conductivity in lime solution. This method does not follow a standard procedure and there are multiple parameters that affect the results. The present paper summarizes some of the variations in this method reported in the literature and shows experimental results from tests in siliceous materials with crystalline (sand) or amorphous (silica fume) structure. The test is also used to evaluate the pozzolanic activity of sugar-cane bagasse ash. The effects of temperature, sample size and solution agitation are reported. The results indicates this method permits a rapid evaluation of pozzolanic activity but the testing parameters must be rigorously controlled.
Study of Bubbles Elimination in Silica Glass Produced by Flame Fusion from Brazilian Natural Quartz Powder
Authors: Guerra Christiano Pereira , Ono Eduardo , Santos Murilo Ferreira Marques , Suzuki Carlos Kenichi
Published: June 2014

Silica glass is a fundamental material for the high technology industry due to its physical properties. This material is widely used in the semiconductor, chemical and optical industry. For applications in the optical industry and special lamps, it is necessary that the silica has a reduced content of bubbles and high optical transmittance in the wavelength regions of visible and medium ultraviolet (200 nm – 300 nm). Silica glass samples were produced by the flame fusion Verneuil Method of Brazilian commercial natural quartz powder and imported high purity commercial powder. An acid leaching procedure of the national quartz powder was introduced before the fusion in order to decrease bubbles concentration. The results were compared with the silica glass produced with imported quartz powder and a commercial silica glass used for the fabrication of special lamps, showing an excellent feasibility of application of Brazilian natural quartz to produce high value added silica glass.
Mechanical Characterization of Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics Doped with Magnesium
Authors: Borges Roger , Ribeiro Sebastião , Marchi Juliana , Yoshimura Humberto Naoyuki
Published: June 2014

In this work, the mechanical properties of magnesium doped tricalcium phosphate ceramics, considered a bioceramic for bone repair applications, were studied. Pure β-TCP and β-TCP doped with 2.25 mol% of Mg powders were synthesized through neutralization, freeze dried, uniaxially pressed and sintered at 1200°C/1h. The mechanical properties were evaluated through four points flexural and compression strength tests, fracture toughness and Young's Modulus. After the flexural strength test, the fracture's surface and their homogeneity were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. It was verified that Mg addition into β-TCP structure lead higher linear shrinkage, followed by higher residual stress, decreasing the mechanical properties compared to pure β-TCP ceramics. However, this behavior does not hinder the use of such bioceramics as bone substitutive materials, mainly in the sites that do not require high mechanical solicitations.