bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN PENDUDUK PERKOTAAN MELALUI PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH
Authors: Banowati Eva
Published: June 2014

Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat model pengentasan kemiskinan penduduk perkotaan melalui pelatihan mengolah sampah menjadi material fungsional baru. Penelitian tindakan (action reserach) dilakukan di Kota Semarang. Populasi penelitian adalah penduduk miskin, pengambilan sampel digunakan metode snowball. Data sekunder dari berbagai institusi terkait dan data primer diungkap menggunakan angket, wawancara, dan observasi. Data dianalisis secara keruangan berdasarkan Peta Sebaran Penduduk Miskin dan digunakan Tabel Silang.Pelatihan menggunakan Model Deduktif dan Induktif secara on the job karena penduduk miskin perkotaan belum berpengalaman mengolah sampah menjadi kompos. Analisis usaha membuat kompos didapatkan nilai B/C sebesar 1,098 yang bermakna usaha efisien dan menguntungkan. Pengolahan 1 container truck sampah volume bruto 3-5 ton didapatkan produk kompos sebagai material fungsional baru (MFB) sebesar 0,3 ton per daur.  Harga jual senilai Rp. 250.000,00 berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan pendapatan Rp. 35.000 per hari mampu mengentaskan penduduk miskin ke posisi tidak miskin. Implikasi model pelatihan merupakan tindakan solutif yang edukatif dan mudah dijalankan karena penduduk diberi bekal keterampilan hidup yang berpeluang mengentaskan kemiskinan di perkotaan The purposes of this research to create a model of urban poverty population through waste treatment training to obtain new functional materials. This action research was conducted in Semarang. The research population was the poor residents, using snowball sampling technique. Secondary data was sourced from related institutions and the primary data was exposed by questionnaire, interview, and observation. The data was analyzed in spatial based on the Distribution Map of the Poor and used Crossing-Table. The training was using Deductive and Inductive Models are used on the job because the poor are inexperienced to process waste into compost. Analysis of effort to make compost obtained value of B/C of 1.098 which means efficient and profitable. One truck container 3-5 tons gross volume of product obtained new functional materials (NFM) of 0.3 tonnes worth selling. 250,000.00 affect the increase in revenue to Rp. 35,000 per day from the sale of compost is able to alleviate the poor to non-poor position. Implications of the model training is educational and solution-action easy to implement because residents was given the opportunity of life skills provision alleviate the poverty urban areas.
FORMALISASI SYARI’AT ISLAM DAN DOMINASI NEGARA TERHADAP ELITE AGAMA ISLAM TRADISIONAL DI ACEH
Authors: - Nirzalin , - Fakhrurrazi
Published: June 2014

Berdasarkan studi kasus di Aceh Utara, tulisan ini hendak menunjukkan realitas kompleks tentang komodifikasi Syari’at Islam oleh elite yang sedang memerintah di Aceh. Realitasnya, birokratisasi Syari’at Islam telah menutup ruang bagi lahirnya wacana tandingan (counter discourse) dari masyarakat terhadap wacana yang dikembangkan oleh negara. Hal itu termanifestasi pada pelbagai Qanun yang telah disahkan. Qanun-qanun tersebut justeru memperlihatkan dominasi kepentingan elite yang sedang memerintah daripada aspirasi yang disuarakan oleh masyarakat. Sementara itu, birokratisasi dayah (pondok pesantren salafi/tradisional) dan penciptaan ketergantungan ekonomi dayah pada negara melalui kegiatan yang mengatasnamakan “pembinaan” dayah ternyata merupakan kedok bagi dominasi negara terhadap teungku dayah (elite agama Islam tradisional). Dominasi ini berhasil memposisikan teungku dayah sebagai jastifikator pelbagai kebijakan pemerintah. Akibatnya, peran teungku dayah di Aceh yang pada awalnya adalah aktor sosial yang secara vis a vis sanggup berhadapan dengan pemerintah dalam mengkritisi pelbagai kebijakan berdasarkan aspirasi yang berkembang di masyarakat menjadi pudar. Based on a case study in North Aceh district, this paper wants to demonstrate the complex reality of current commoditization of Syari’ah committed by political elites in Aceh. In fact, the bureaucratization of Syari’ah has closed democratic spaces which enable civil society including local religious elite to counter state’s discourses and policies. Such bureaucratization was manifested in the enactment of several Qanuns which unveil the domination of ruling elites’ interests over society’s interests and aspiration. On the other hand, the bureaucratization of dayah (traditional or salafi pesantren) and the formation of its economic dependence on state’s budgets through what called as “dayah guidance/direction programs” became a powerful means for the state apparatus to co-opt teungku dayah as Islamic local religious elites. Such cooptation has successfully positioned teungku dayah to act as justificatory actor toward various government policies. As the result, the historical role of teungku dayah in Aceh as the main political actor, which able to criticize government policies based on people aspiration, is fading away in the aftermath of conflict in Aceh.
TRANSFORMASI PRANATA PATRONASE MASYARAKAT NELAYAN: DARI EKONOMI MORALITAS MENUJU EKONOMI PASAR
Authors: - Mirajiani , S.Wahyuni Ekawati , Satria Arif , - Saharuddin , Kusumastanto Tridoyo
Published: June 2014

Masyarakat nelayan  mengalami transformasi sosial ekonomi akibat penetrasi pembangunan dan pasar. Transformasi sosial ekonomi yang terjadi membawa perubahan signifikan pranata ekonomi nelayan, karena nelayan harus mengkonstruksikan  pranata ekonomi baru yang dianggap dapat mempertahankan penghidupan nelayan pada kondisi survival dan sesuai dengan perubahan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini mendalami bagaimana  transformasi pranata patronase  yang terjadi dan keterkaitannya dengan keterjaminan ekonomi pada masyarakat nelayan di Pesisir  Ujung Kulon.  Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masyarakat nelayan di Pesisir Ujung Kulon mengalami transformasi pranata ekonomi dari patronase  berbasis moralitas menjadi berbasis norma ekonomi pasar. Di era ekonomi pasar, patronase  merupakan suatu alternatif pranata ekonomi nelayan yang dibangun  untuk tetap bertahan dengan situasi krisis dan ketidakpastian ekonomi serta mata pencaharian yang bersifat fluktuatif.  Ditinjau  dari keterjaminan ekonomi, pranata patronase moralitas di masa lalu lebih memberikan jaminan  ekonomi nelayan pada situasi krisis daripada pranata patronase berbasis norma ekonomi pasar.  Pada situasi di mana pranata patronase tidak bisa sepenuhnya berfungsi sebagai pranata jaminan ekonomi nelayan,  maka untuk tetap bertahan  pada situasi ekonomi yang kurang terjamin  nelayan mengandalkan relasi ekonomi alternatif yang disediakan pasar  di luar patronase. Fishing communities experiencing socio-economic transformation as a result of development and market penetration. Socio-economic transformation is followed by significant change in economic institutions, as fishermen have to construct a new economic institutions which are supposed to maintain the livelihood in survival conditions and in accordance with the changes. This research was to explore how economic institution transformation happens and its effect on  economic security in coastal fishing communities in Ujung Kulon. The method uses a qualitative approach and the type of research uses a case study research. Results of the research showed coastal fishing communities in Ujung Kulon transformed economic institutions of patronage based morality becomes the norm based market economy. In the era of market economy, patronage remains an alternative economic institutions built to survive the crisis and uncertainty and livelihood fluctuated. The fact is related to economic security, institutional patronage morality in the past to provide security over the fishing economy in crisis situations rather than norm -based patronage institutions of the market economy. In situations where the institution of patronage can not fully function as economic security institutions of fishermen, then to survive on less secure economic situation of fishermen rely on alternative economic relations are provided markets outside patronage
RELASI JARINGAN ORGANISASI PEMUDA DALAM PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Amin Muryanto
Published: June 2014

Penelitian ini dilatari oleh munculnya para ”preman” sebagai aktor lokal di Sumatera Utara yang berperan mendukung Syamsul Arifin sebagai calon Gubernur Sumatera Utara tahun 2008. Sebagian aktor lokal itu berasal dari kader Pemuda Pancasila. Mereka mengandalkan kekerasan dan uang yang dimiliki untuk memperoleh serta memaksimalkan akses sumber daya dari pemerintah daerah. Untuk menjelaskan model relasi jaringan yang digunakan Pemuda Pancasila sebagai modal memenangkan calon gubernur yang didukung, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pendekatan studi kasus dan analisis tipologi dipilih sebagai sebagai cara untuk menyusun interpretasi atas data tertulis, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model relasi yang terjalin antara Pemuda Pancasila dengan birokrasi, pengusaha, dan media cetak lokal dilakukan atas dasar hubungan yang saling menguntungkan atau simbiosis mutualisme. Jalinan relasi jaringan tersebut dilakukan dengan cara yang beragam, saling mengait, dan penuh intrik untuk mempertahankan akses kekuasaan dan memanfaatkan sumber daya yang dikuasai. Pemuda Pancasila tetap ingin memperoleh akses sumber daya yang dikuasai negara di tingkat lokal. Sementara, para pejabat birokrasi, pengusaha, dan pengelola media cetak lokal membutuhkan kekuatan Pemuda Pancasila untuk mempertahankan kekuasaan dan usaha mereka seperti menghindari ancaman dan menjaga keamanan di lokasi-lokasi kekuasaan dan usaha mereka. The background of this study is the emergence of “gangsters”—some of whom were cadres of Pemuda Pancasila—as local actors who played an important role to support Syamsul Arifin as governor candidates in North Sumatera. They rely intimidated with violence and money to gain access resources from the local government and maximize them. This study used qualitative methods that would explain network relation models of Pemuda Pacasila used as capital backed winning candidate for governor. The qualitative analysis with typology technique is chosen as a way to arrange interpretations on data—written materials, in depth interviews, and observations. The findings showed that the network relation models among Pemuda Pancasila, bureaucracy, businessman, and local print media was performed based on mutualistic symbiosis. Interwoven network of relationships is done in stepwise manner, interlocking, full of intrigue, and power to maintain access and utilize resources owned. Pemuda Pancasila still want to gain resources accsess that local state controlled. While bureaucrats, businessman, and local media managers need strength of Pemuda Pancasila to maintain their power and attempt to avoid such threats and security at sites and their efforts.
A Model Analysis for the Design and Deployment of an Eulerian Sediment Trap Mooring Array in a Western Boundary Upwelling System from Southeast Brazil
Authors: MENDOZA URSULA , CANDELLA ROGÉRIO N. , ASSAD LUIZ P.F. , CASTILLO FEDERICO V. , AZEVEDO LAURA , KNOPPERS BASTIAAN A. , ALBUQUERQUE ANA LUIZA S.
Published: June 2014

This work addresses the design and configuration of a Eulerian sediment trap mooring array, which was deployed at the shelf edge (zm ≈ 140 m) 80 km off Cabo Frio, SE- Brazil (23° S). The site was subject to interplay between the Tropical Waters (TW) of the Brazil Current (BC), intrusions from the South Atlantic Central Waters (SACW), which are the source of upwelling in the region, and other oceanographic processes. Detailed computations were used to optimize the total weight, buoyancy balance, and maximum acceptable tilt to avoid hydrodynamic bias in the trapping efficiency and array adaptation to the local oceanographic conditions with the assistance of Matlab and Muringa programs and Modular Ocean Model 4.0 (MOM; i.e., to assert the vertical distribution of the meridional current component). The velocity range of the current component was determined by short term measurements to be between 0.1 and 0.5 m/s. Projections led to a resulting minimum anchor weight of 456 kg. The necessary line tension was ascertained by using the appropriate distribution of a series of buoys along the array, which finally attained a high vertical load of 350 kg because of the attached oceanographic equipment. Additional flotation devices resulted in a stable mooring array as reflected by their low calculated tilt (2.6° ± 0.6°). A low drag of 16 N was computed for the maximum surface current velocity of 0.5 m/s. The Reynolds number values ranged from 4 × 104 to 2 × 105 and a cone-trap aspect ratio of 1.75 was used to assess the trap sampling efficiency upon exposure to different current velocities.
Clutch size in populations and species of cnemidophorines (Squamata: Teiidae) on the eastern coast of Brazil
Authors: MENEZES VANDERLAINE A. , ROCHA CARLOS F.D.
Published: June 2014

We analyzed some reproductive aspects of 16 coastal populations, belonging to five lizard species (A. ocellifera, A. abaetensis, A. nativo, A. littoralis and C. lacertoides) from different restinga habitats along the eastern coast of Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate to what extent the reproductive aspects vary geographically and among species. For each female, we recorded the number of vitellogenic follicles, size and color of the largest follicle, presence and size of corpora lutea, and number and size of oviductal eggs. Clutch size of almost all coastal populations/species of Ameivula had little variation and most clutches were composed of two eggs. There was a significant relationship between female size and the mean clutch size when females from different species were pooled. Mean egg volume, among species, varied from 420 to 655 mm3. Relative clutch mass varied from 0.129 to 0.159 and did not differ significantly among species. We concluded that the five coastal species studied (four bisexuals and one parthenogenetic) had similar reproductive characteristics. Most of them presented multiple clutches, low clutch size and low relative clutch mass, similar to other species in the genus and to unisexual and bisexual species of the Teiidae family.
Hydrodynamic Aspects at Vitória Bay Mouth, ES
Authors: GARONCE FLÁVIA A.A. , QUARESMA VALÉRIA S.
Published: June 2014

Understading the hydrodynamic behavior and suspended particulated matter (SPM) transport are of great importance in port regions such as Vitória Harbor, which is located at Vitória Bay, Vitória – ES, Brazil. Vitória Bay is an estuary that has not been systematically assessed through a temporal analysis in order to identify its hydrodynamics characteristics and SPM exchange. This study aims to investigate salt and suspended particulate matter flux at the estuarine mouth of Vitória Bay by understanding the temporal variation of salinity, temperature and tidal currents within the water column and at the channel crosssection. Results showed that the estuarine mouth tended to present partial stratification periods during neap tides and little stratification in spring tides. The circulation pattern was mainly influenced by the tide, with little influence from river discharge. With regard to the SPM, the mouth of the estuary tended to show low concentrations, with the highest values occurring during the dry season. A close relationship between momentary discharge, SPM and salt fluxes was observed. Despite all the data was collected at the mouth of the estuary, the system showed an importation trend of salt in all cycles and SPM importation for three of the four studied tidal cycles. Thus, Vitoria Bay is not exporting SPM to the adjacent inner shelf.
Sequential sampling of Bemisia tuberculata (Bondar, 1923) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cassava crop
Authors: SILVA ANTONIO S. , MOTA THIAGO A. , FERNANDES MARCOS G. , KASSAB SAMIR O.
Published: June 2014

Estimate efficiently of the whitefly population (Bemisia tuberculata Bondar) in cassava, to assist in decision making of pest control is one of the advantages of sequential sampling plans. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine a sequential sampling plan according to two methods of pest management, using biological and/or chemical control. Samples were obtained in a commercial field of 2.500,00 m2, divided into 100 plots. The visualization method was used for sampling of the upper leaves by counting the number of adults. In total 15 samples were taken weekly from January to April 2012. The spatial distribution model which best fit to the behavior of B. tuberculata adults was the negative binomial distribution. Levels adapted for biological and chemical control were five and twenty adults per plant, respectively. Sampling plans resulted in two decisions for each proposed method. Thus, for population control the upper limit was defined as S1 = 4.2056 + 2.1540n (biological) and S1 = 20.219 + 10.4306n (chemical); and the lower limit where the pest control is not recommended was defined by S0 = -4.2056 + 2.1540n (biological) and S0 = -20.219 + 10.4306n (chemical). Sequential sampling estimated the maximum number of sample units necessary for decision-making of three samples with 1.34 adults for biological control and 3.85 sample units with 7.39 adult pests for chemical control.
Uptake and translocation of Cd and Zn in two lettuce cultivars
Authors: FONTES RENILDES L.F. , PEREIRA JULIANA M.N. , NEVES JULIO C.L.
Published: June 2014

Excess of heavy metals in agricultural soils is a matter of concern since it may decrease economic yield as a result of toxicity and lower product quality as a result of metal accumulation in edible plant parts. Among plant species and among cultivars within species a natural variation in uptake, translocation and distribution of trace elements occur. The transference of Cd and Zn, from soil to two lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars grown in greenhouse, was evaluated in separate experiments for Cd and Zn.Plant dry and fresh matter yield and plant Cd and Zn concentrations were determined. Cultivar CRV showed greater potential for yield than CMM in both experiments. Cadmium and Zn translocation from roots to shoots increased with the increase of soil Cd or Zn, for both cultivars. There was Cd translocation from young to old leaves in CMM but not in CRV whereas for Zn it occurred in both cultivars, being higher in CRV. In both cultivars, old leaves had higher Cd and Zn concentrations (and lower dry matter yield) than young leaves. The CRV and CMM cultivars accumulate Cd differently in the leaves and the higher accumulation occurs in the former. Cultivar CRV also accumulates more Zn compared to CMM.
Rheological and some physicochemical characteristics of selected floral honeys from plants of caatinga
Authors: SANTOS FRANCISCO K.G. , DANTAS FILHO ANTONIO N. , LEITE RICARDO H.L. , AROUCHA EDNA M.M. , SANTOS ANDARAIR G. , OLIVEIRA THIAGO A.
Published: June 2014

The aim of this paper was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and rheological behavior of some floral honeys from species of wild plants found in the Caatinga biome, as well as, correlate honey viscosities with its chemical composition. Thus, five honeys with floral predominance of typical plants foraged by honeybees in Caatinga were analyzed. Results showed that moisture content of honeys ranged from 17.45 to 21.50 g/100g. The samples exhibited higher fructose content (37.58 - 43.95 g/100g) and lower glucose content (27.41- 33.80 g/100g). The glucose-water ratio ranged from 1.55 to 1.80. Sucrose contents, excluding Croton campestris honey sample, exhibited values above the highest sucrose content (6.0 g/100g) allowed by Brazilian norm. The ash content ranged from 0.02 to 0.19 %. The insoluble solids content were above 0.1 g/100 g. The electrical conductivity ranged between 144.90 and 412.55 µS.cm–1. All the honey samples behaved as Newtonian fluids. The viscosity values, measured at 293 K, varied from 1.90 to 8.55 Pa.s. An empirical mathematical model adapted from the Arrhenius model provides a good description of honey viscosity as a function of combined effects of temperature and moisture content.
C-, Sr-isotope stratigraphy of carbonate rocks from the Southern Espinhaço Ridge, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil
Authors: FRAGA LUCIO M.S. , NEVES SORAYA C. , UHLEIN ALEXANDRE , SIAL ALCIDES N. , PIMENTEL MARCIO M. , HORN ADOLF H.
Published: June 2014

Neoproterozoic carbonate rocks comprise different stratigraphic units in the southern part of the Espinhaço Ridge, Minas Gerais, Brazil. C, O- and Sr-isotope analyses were carried out along four selected stratigraphic sections across these formations. These are: (i) the Rio Pardo Grande Formation in the upper portion of the Espinhaço Supergroup, sampled in section 3; (ii) Macaúbas Group laminated limestones (Tijucuçu Farm) and dolostone layers (Domingas Formation) have been respectively sampled along the so-called sections 1 and 2, and (iii) the lower stratigraphic units of the Bambuí Group, sampled in section 4. Laminated limestone samples from the Macaúbas Group have δ13C values as high as 10.9‰ decreasing up section to -1.1‰ and 87Sr/86Sr values vary from 0.7072 to 0.7076, a range commonly observed in Cryogenian rocks. In section 2, dolomitic samples exhibit 87Sr/86Sr from 0.7076 to 0.7077 while in section 3, 87Sr/86Sr from 0.7074 to 0.7079. In section 4, 87Sr/86Sr values are around 0.7080. The values of 87Sr/86Sr observed in carbonate samples from the Macaúbas Group are similar to those observed in the Sr-isotope secular curve for the Neoproterozoic. Carbonate samples from the base of the Bambuí Group correlate with Ediacaran fingerprints, after the Marinoan (ca. 635 Ma) glaciation.
Characterization of granite and limestone powders for use as fillers in bituminous mastics dosage
Authors: BARRA BRENO , MOMM LETO , GUERRERO YADER , BERNUCCI LIEDI
Published: June 2014

This paper discusses the importance of studies on materials known as fillers from different mineral origins, used in asphalt mixes, specifically in the formulation of mastics. The research was carried out on samples of limestone and granite rock filler and asphalt binder (50/70). The samples were evaluated through semiquantitative chemical analyses by X-ray fluorescence, granulometry by low angle laser emission, scanning electron microscopy, softening point tests, penetration tests, and aggregate-asphalt binder and aggregate-mastic adhesion tests. The results highlighted convergent trends, indicating that the active behavior of the fillers in the mastic formulation is not related to the size of the particles, but rather to their form, surface texture, specific surface area and mineralogical nature, allowing the filler activity concept to be divided into two components: physical (hardening) and chemical (adhesion).
An efficient certificateless blind signature scheme without bilinear pairing
Authors: DONG GUOFAGN , GAO FEI , SHI WENBO , GONG PENG
Published: June 2014

Recently, the certificateless public key cryptography (CLPKC) has been studied widely since it could solve both of the certificate management problem in traditional public key cryptography (TPKC) and the key escrow problem in the identity-based public key cryptography (ID-based PKC). To satisfy requirements of different applications, many certificateless blind signature (CLBS) schemes using bilinear pairing for the CLPKC setting have been proposed. However, the bilinear pairing operation is very complicated. Therefore, the performance of those CLBS schemes is not very satisfactory. To solve the problem, we propose an efficient CLBS scheme without bilinear pairing. Performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme could reduce costs of computation and storage. Security analysis shows the proposed scheme is provably secure against both of two types of adversaries.
Removal of clay by stingless bees: load size and moisture selection
Authors: COSTA-PEREIRA RAUL
Published: June 2014

Some organisms disperse energy, associated with the transportation of resource, which is not necessarily food. Stingless bees of Central Amazonia (Melipona flavolineata and M. lateralis) collect clay in banks along streams for nest building. The moisture of the clay varies along the bank, and bees collect clay from specific location, indicating that there is some sort of preference regarding their selection. This study aims at identifying: if larger bees carry more clay; if there is a preference for moisture of substrates; and if bees are less efficient accumulating and transporting clay when it is wet. In order to do so, I measured the size of the bees and of the pellets of clay found in the corbicula. I set up a field experiment to test substrate preferences. The amount of clay transported, increased exponentially in accordance to the size of the bee, and the preferred substrate was the driest clay. The amount and the efficiency of removal of clay were not affected by the moisture of the substrate. Despite the wet clay being denser, it does not reduce the efficiency of exploitation of the resource, but suggests that bees spend more energy to carry the same quantity of wet clay, which may be the underlying mechanism explaining their preference for removing drier clay.
Polymorphisms in CYP2E1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity
Authors: BRITO TAIS C. , POSSUELO LIA G. , VALIM ANDREIA R.M. , TODENDI PÂMELA F. , RIBEIRO ANDREZZA W. , GREGIANINI TATIANA S. , JARCZEWSKI CARLA A. , HUTZ MARA H. , ROSSETTI MARIA LUCIA R. , ZAHA ARNALDO
Published: June 2014

Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatitis (ATD- induced hepatitis) has been linked to polymorphisms in genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and glutathione S-transferase (loci GSTM1 and GSTT1) are involved in the metabolism of isoniazid, the most toxic drug for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). This study was designed to determine the frequency and to evaluate whether polymorphisms at CYP2E1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes are associated with drug response, as well as to identify clinical risk factors for ATD-induced hepatitis. A total of 245 Brazilian patients undergoing treatment for TB were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing methods. The frequencies of the CYP2E1 polymorphic alleles RsaI, PstI and DraI are 8%, 8.5% and 12%, respectively. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes are deleted in 42.9% and 12.4% of the population, respectively. Fifteen patients (6.1%) developed hepatotoxicity. Clinical (HIV, female sex and extrapulmonary TB) and genetic characteristics (CYP2E1 without any mutations, having NAT2 slow acetylator profile) are at higher risk of developing ATD-induced hepatitis in this population. Genotyping for GSTM1 and GSTT1 showed no influence on drug response.
Reproductive biology of a bromeligenous frog endemic to the Atlantic Forest: Aparasphenodon arapapa Pimenta, Napoli and Haddad, 2009 (Anura: Hylidae)
Authors: LANTYER-SILVA AMANDA S.F. , SOLÉ MIRCO , ZINA JULIANA
Published: June 2014

The genus Aparasphenodon is restricted to South America and comprises five poorly studied species which present a straight relationship with bromeliads. Herein we present the reproductive biology of the species Aparasphenodon arapapa. Our observations indicate that A. arapapa is a prolonged breeder, reproducing throughout the year using bromeliads as a calling and breeding site. The tadpoles complete their development inside those plants. Males, females and juveniles may also use the bromeliads as a shelter. We also describe the courtship behavior and the parental care of the species with an evidence of temporary fidelity between male and female and propose a new reproductive mode.
Sea-level fluctuations and coastal evolution in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil
Authors: CASTRO JOÃO WAGNER A. , SUGUIO KENITIRO , SEOANE JOSÉ C.S. , CUNHA ALINE M. DA , DIAS FABIO F.
Published: June 2014

The present paper aims to investigate the relative sea-level and the coastal evolution during the Holocene in the Rio de Janeiro coastline, based on geological and biological indicators. Using topographic survey, excavation and coring, and 14C dating of these coastal deposits and beachrocks outcrops, we have reconstructed a sea-level curve for the Holocene. For the first time on the Brazilian coast it was identified a negative record of relative sea-level during Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene transition. After the transition, a relatively rapid increase of sea-level began. At approximately at 8500 cal yr BP, the sea-level was 0.5 m below the current level, was overtaken for the first time in the Holocene, at approximately 7500 cal yr BP. The maximum level of +2.5 m was reached between 4770 and 4490 cal yr BP. At the point of maximum transgression, the sea-level began a general behavior of lowering until the present. These results confirm other data already obtained elsewhere along the Atlantic coast of South America. The results of this study are consistent with previous researches and they help to refine the Holocene sea-level record along the Brazilian coast.
The relationship between Marcel Proust and Joseph Babinski: the encounter of two geniuses
Authors: Pedroso José Luiz , Barsottini Orlando G. P. , Teive Hélio A. G. , Cardoso Francisco
Published: June 2014

Marcel Proust was one of the greatest French writers of all times. Since early in his life, Proust was interested in arts and particularly literature. He also demonstrated a great knowledge of medicine, particularly neurology. His father was a doctor, and contributed to neurology through studies on aphasia, stroke, hysteria, and neurasthenia. During his childhood, Proust had the first asthma attack, initially considered a manifestation of neurasthenia. Regarding his illness, Proust was in touch with several renowned neurologists, such as Brissaud, Babinski and Sollier, and other disciples of Charcot. Proust spent the last three years of his life mostly confined to his bedroom since his health had badly deteriorated. In one moment, Babinski was called, examined Proust and after leaving his bedroom, announced to his brother that Proust was practically dead. Few hours later, Proust developed vomica and died.
Ingestão aguda de cafeína reduz a glicemia sanguínea antes e após o exercício físico agudo em ratos diabéticos
Authors: Silva Luiz Augusto Da , Pereira Ricardo Aparecido , Túrmina Janaína Angela , Kerppers Ivo Ilvan , Altimari Leandro Ricardo , Malfatti Carlos Ricardo Maneck
Published: June 2014

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo verificou os efeitos da suplementação com cafeína associada ao exercício físico agudo sobre a resposta glicêmica em ratos diabéticos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 32 animais, com 60 dias de idade, e 238±3 g de peso, divididos em quatro grupos: controle, controle cafeína, diabetes e diabetes/cafeína. O modelo de diabetes foi induzido pela administração intraperitoneal de 60 mg/kg de estreptozotocina. De forma aguda, os animais receberam 6 mg de cafeína ou salina para os grupos-controles 60 minutos antes do exercício físico. Os animais realizaram um protocolo de natação de 60 minutos de exercício físico, com sobrecarga de 6% do peso corporal com lactacidemia compatível com a máxima produção de lactato em estado estável (5,5 mmol/L). Após o exercício físico agudo, foi realizada a eutanásia dos animais para coleta de sangue e análises glicêmicas. Antes e após a prescrição das suplementações, ocorreu a aferição das respostas cardiovasculares por meio de um pletismógrafo de cauda. Foi realizado o teste estatístico Analise de Variância one way com post hoc de Student-Newman-Keuls para analisar as diferenças estatísticas entre as suplementações, sendo considerado p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A prescrição de cafeína na dose de 6 mg/kg não alterou respostas cardiovasculares. No entanto, a cafeína promoveu uma significante redução na glicemia sanguínea (42%; p<0,05) após 60 minutos do protocolo de exercício nos ratos diabéticos em relação aos grupos-controles. CONCLUSÃO: A ingestão aguda de cafeína associada ao exercício físico agudo pode aumentar a captação de glicose sem alterar as respostas cardiovasculares em modelo animal.
Association between sociodemographics factors and dietary patterns during pregnancy
Authors: Castro Maria Beatriz Trindade De , Souza Rita Adriana Gomes De , Vilela Ana Amélia Freitas , Kac Gilberto
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between socio-demographic factors and dietary patterns in pregnancy. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with baseline data from a cohort of 421 postpartum women aged 18 and 45 years resident in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dietary intake was evaluated with a validated food frequency questionnaire at 15 days following delivery, having as time frame the second and third pregnancy trimesters. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis for principal components analysis. The association between socio-demographic factors and the identified dietary patterns was assessed with multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Two dietary patterns were identified: i) healthy: fruits; green vegetables; vegetables; fish; roots, corn and potato; milk and dairy and herbal tea mate, and negatively loadings for alcohol and coffee and ii) mixed: rice; bean; flour and pasta; breads; cake and cookies; soda and juice; sugar and sweets; fatty foods; meats; chicken; and eggs. The linear regression showed that the income (β=0.0002; 95%CI: 0.0002-0.0004) and schooling (β=0.0491; 95%CI: 0.0264-0.0718) were positively associated with healthy pattern, and parity (β=-0.1044; 95%CI: -0.1665- -0.0423) and skin color (β=-0.3102; 95%CI: -0.5256- -0.0947) were negatively associated. Skin color (β=0.1647; 95%CI: 0.0378- 0.2916) and marital status (β=0.1065; 95%CI: 0.0062- 0.2067) were positively associated with mixed pattern and income (β=-0.0001; 95%CI:-0.0002- -0.0001) and schooling (β=-0.0281; 95%CI: -0.0417- -0.0146) were negatively associated. CONCLUSION: Socio-demographic factors such as income, schooling, skin color, marital status and parity were associated with dietary patterns in this sample of postpartum women residents in Rio de Janeiro.
School Gardens in the Distrito Federal, Brazil
Authors: Bernardon Renata , Schmitz Bethsáida De Abreu Soares , Recine Elisabetta Gioconda Iole , Rodrigues Maria De Lourdes Carlos Ferreirinha , Gabriel Cristine Garcia
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to identify experiences with gardens in public schools in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, and to analyze factors involved in their use to promote healthy eating habits. METHODS: This is an analytical cross-sectional study with data collection in two phases: (1) telephone contact with all public schools in the Distrito Federal; (2) interviews conducted with a sample of schools with a garden (n=105). RESULTS: Of the 582 schools in the Distrito Federal, 453 (77.8%) participated in phase 1 and 37.7% of these had a garden. Rural schools had a higher prevalence of gardens (p=0.003). Among the schools which had no garden, 75.2% (n=212) had interest in creating one. The main reason for the deactivation of gardens was a lack of manpower to maintain them. The main reason for creating a garden was to supplement school food (56.2%). The garden was used as an educational space to promote healthy eating habits by 60.8% of the schools. CONCLUSION: An expressive percentage of schools with gardens (37.7%) was identified in the Distrito Federal. A number of factors were associated with the presence of a garden, including the location and size of the school, as well as the level of education. A significant percentage of schools reported using the garden as a space to promote healthy eating habits. This result must be refined by assessing the use and impact of gardens as a tool to promote healthy eating habits in the school community.
Iron intake and its association with iron-deficiency anemia in agricultural workers' families from the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Cavalcanti Débora Silva , Vasconcelos Priscila Nunes De , Muniz Vanessa Messias , Santos Natália Fernandes Dos , Osório Mônica Maria
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between dietary iron intake and the occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia in agricultural workers' families from the municipality of Gameleira in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS: The study population consisted of 46 harvesters' families, consisting of 225 individuals. The food intake of each individual was recorded on three different days by directly weighing the foods consumed. Hemoglobin was determined by fingerstick (HemoCue). This research used the probability of adequacy method to assess iron intake and the paired t test for comparing groups. The Spearman Mann-Whitney test estimated associations between the dietary variables and anemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was high in all ages groups and highest (67.6%) in children aged <5 years with a mean hemoglobin of 10.37 g/dL (±1.30 g/dL). Children aged <5 years had low percentage of iron intake adequacy (53.1%). Most of them consumed diets with low iron bioavailability (47.5%). Associations between the occurrence of anemia and dietary variables were significant for total iron (heme and nonheme), its bioavailabilities, and general meat intake. CONCLUSION: Inadequate dietary iron intake and inadequate intake of factors that facilitate iron absorption can be considered decisive for the occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia. Food insecurity occurs between family members, with some members being favored over others with regard to the intake of good dietary iron sources.
Apoio institucional como diretriz de gestão da 7ª Diretoria Regional de Saúde, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Pinheiro Mariza Eduane Costa , Jesus Ligia Maria Martins de
Published: June 2014

Este relato apresenta a experiência de apoio institucional da 7ª Diretoria Regional de Saúde, órgão da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde da Bahia, sediada em Itabuna-BA, Brasil, baseada nas diretrizes da Política Nacional de Humanização e na concepção de Paidéia, entre 2009 e 2012. O relato utilizou a construção da ação, mediante resgate da memória histórica e dos dados registrados. Descreve a transição do processo de trabalho utilizado no acompanhamento dos municípios do sul da Bahia, anteriormente com o cunho fiscalizador e restrito à Atenção Básica, para adoção do apoio institucional como uma proposta de conduta articulada e integrada com as demais áreas técnicas. A implementação do método de trabalho utiliza a estratégia de humanização, visando ampliar a participação dos trabalhadores na gestão, buscando uma atuação mais eficaz e qualificada.
Ser-estar no sertão: capítulos da vida como filosofia visceral
Authors: Taddei Renzo
Published: June 2014

Uma pesquisa etnográfica no sertão cearense, o conceito de mimese corpórea em produção teatral e um filme documentário sobre rastejadores de cangaceiros na caatinga do Ceará, Brasil, são pontos de partida, neste texto, para uma discussão sobre a natureza do processo de “leitura de sinais” no mundo. As reflexões apresentadas sugerem que tais processos sejam entendidos menos como interpretação ou decodificação, e mais como um saber mover-se, no qual o compartilhamento existencial – em especial, a ingestão de substâncias – é elemento fundamental. Os materiais analisados apontam, ainda, para o fato de que a direcionalidade implicada em tal saber mover-se é recorrentemente entendida como dimensão visceral. As vísceras, desse modo, transformam-se em locus privilegiado da experiência e ação no mundo, sendo superfície de contato e equipamento transformador ao mesmo tempo. Tal perspectiva traz novas e instigantes oportunidades à teoria social.
La mujer en los libros de texto de bachillerato en España
Authors: Llorent-Bedmar Vicente , Cobano-Delgado Palma Verónica
Published: June 2014

Los libros de texto constituyen un pilar básico en la formación de los estudiantes, de ahí la importancia de los modelos de hombre y mujer que transmiten. Nuestro corpus de estudio lo han conformado los manuales escolares de Historia y Filosofía de Bachillerato del curso 2010/2011 utilizados en España. Materias que tradicionalmente han destacado en remarcar las diferencias habidas en función del género. Las editoriales seleccionadas son las de mayor prestigio en España, Anaya y Santillana. Viene siendo habitual, encontrar imágenes de mujeres asociadas al entorno familiar, al desarrollo de tareas en el ámbito del hogar y de los hombres en un plano laboral y, generalmente, en el ejercicio de funciones públicas. La lacerante discriminación respecto al género que antaño existía ha dejado de existir en la actualidad. Sin embargo, aún subyacen tópicos en sus contenidos y en las imágenes que los ilustran.
Educação superior e complexidade: integração entre disciplinas no campo das relações internacionais
Authors: Ventura Deisy de Freitas Lima , Lins Maria Antonieta del Tedesco
Published: June 2014

Expressões como "multi", "pluri", "inter" e "transdisciplinaridade" difundiram-se de forma extraordinária no meio acadêmico, convertendo-se em critérios de avaliação institucional em numerosos países. Este artigo analisa a integração entre as disciplinas no campo das relações internacionais, jovem área do conhecimento que bem expressa a complexidade do mundo contemporâneo em seus temas e conteúdos e que oscila entre a necessidade de afirmação como disciplina autônoma e a multidisciplinaridade inerente à formação internacionalista. Após um panorama conceitual, questionamos a integração entre as disciplinas como critério de avaliação, especialmente do currículo dos cursos de relações internacionais. Por fim, relatamos uma experiência realizada no bacharelado nesse curso da Universidade de São Paulo.
Regulación del trabajo de los profesores de la elite
Authors: Ziegler Sandra
Published: June 2014

El artículo aborda un sistema de exámenes que ha cobrado presencia en Argentina y a escala global, a través de la implantación del Programa de Bachillerato Internacional. Estas páginas desarrollan su caracterización como propuesta pedagógica que privilegian algunas escuelas orientadas a la formación de sectores de elite, y se analizan los efectos que dicho programa produce en la organización del trabajo de los profesores. Así, procuramos una aproximación a la labor pedagógica desempeñada por los "docentes de la elite" en tanto figuras consustanciadas con el trabajo simbólico de producir la consagración escolar de estos grupos. También se revisa el modo en que esta propuesta impone nuevas regulaciones sobre el trabajo de enseñar, a través de modos de regulación pos-burocráticos que se presentan en estas escuelas signadas por las dinámicas de internacionalización de la educación.
Publicação em periódicos científicos: ética, qualidade e avaliação da pesquisa
Authors: Kuhlmann Jr. Moysés
Published: June 2014

A baixa qualidade de artigos enviados aos periódicos científicos e os ardis utilizados para publicar - que resultariam de uma política de avaliação acadêmica que valoriza a quantidade de trabalhos publicados ponderada pela pontuação das revistas - preocupam cada vez mais editores e pesquisadores. Este artigo problematiza a noção de produtivismo e a relação causal que se estabelece entre a pressão para publicar e a qualidade dos artigos, argumentando que o problema, no mais das vezes, se defronta diretamente com o próprio processo da produção científica. Discorre-se sobre questões relacionadas à avaliação e aos princípios éticos envolvidos na elaboração e submissão de artigos. Indica-se a leitura dos documentos aprovados na 2ª Conferência sobre a Integridade na Pesquisa, ocorrida em Cingapura, em 2010 - publicados nesta edição - que estabelecem padrões internacionais para editores de periódicos e para autores, e que constituem um importante auxiliar na formação de pesquisadores.
Oncoaudit: desenvolvimento e avaliação de aplicativo para enfermeiros auditores
Authors: Grossi Luciane Mandia , Pisa Ivan Torres , Marin Heimar de Fátima
Published: June 2014

Objetivo: Desenvolver aplicativo de consulta de medicamentos quimioterápicos para sistema web e dispositivo móvel para auxiliar na auditoria em enfermagem de contas hospitalares e avaliar quanto a satisfação do usuário e usabilidade. Métodos: Pesquisa de produção tecnológica contendo desenvolvimento de aplicativo web e para tecnologia móvel. O produto foi avaliado quanto à satisfação por enfermeiros auditores utilizando o questionário System Usability Scale (SUS) e quanto à usabilidade pelas heurísticas de Nielsen, por profissionais de informática em saúde. Resultados: O aplicativo esta disponível no http://telemedicina6.unifesp.br/projeto/oncoaudit. O aplicativo móvel pode ser acessado em http://play.google.com/intl/pt-BR/about/index.html. A avaliação pelos enfermeiros indicou que o aplicativo web e móvel estão de acordo com as necessidades dos usuários. Na avaliação de usabilidade foram identificados 14 problemas no aplicativo móvel e oito no sistema web, gerando modificações am ambos. Conclusão: Os métodos escolhidos para desenvolvimento e avaliação mostraram-se satisfatórios para atingir os objetivos propostos.
Genetic identification of interspecific hybrid of Neotropical catfish species (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans vs. Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) in rivers of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Vaini Jussara Oliveira , Grisolia Alexéia Barufatti , Prado Fernanda Dotti do , Porto-Foresti Fábio
Published: June 2014

Hybrids of the species Pseudoplatystoma corruscansvs.Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum are extensively traded because they are more docile and precocious compared to their parents. This study aimed to identify the occurrence of hybrid 'Surubim' in rivers of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, applying molecular techniques. Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum and hybrid 'Surubim' were detected using multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP in RAG2, GLOBIN, EF1α, 18S rRNA nuclear genes, and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. The results revealed the presence of F1 hybrids in rivers and the occurrence of genetic introgression, evidenced by the Post-F1 hybrids. Furthermore, discrepancies between the morphological and genetic identification were observed, demonstrating the effectiveness of using different molecular markers for the correct identification of these hybrids. The necessity of implementation of management and conservation projects to maintain the genetic integrity of native species populations threatened by hybridization in the rivers of Mato Grosso do Sul State is evident.
A complementary metric to define a buffer zone in brazilian airports
Authors: Carvalho Luiz André de , Slama Jules Ghislain , Nassi Carlos David
Published: June 2014

The legislation on aircraft noise in Brazil recognizes the DNL metric as the only tool to perform noise airport zoning. This paper examines the importance of adopting an auxiliary metric to characterize the impacts of aircraft noise at a specific building sensitive to noise, especially in analysis of speech interference and sleep disturbance. A complementary measure, LAeq, associated with the Brazilian standard for controlling noise pollution, NBR 10151 (Assessment of noise in inhabited areas, for Community comfort), was used in this work. A control curve based the LAeq and on the standart was created and the buffer area between the control curve and DNL 65dB (A) was the object of study of this work. The results showed a high number of people who are affected by aircraft noise and are despised by the public authorities, only at Congonhas airport this number reaches the mark of 596,808 people. The adoption of complementary metric is intended to assist decision makers in identifying people highly annoyed by aircraft noise, allowing the creation of mitigation measures in the affected areas.