Abstract P1-09-05: Baseline dietary patterns among women with newly diagnosed early-stage breast cancer enrolled in the Optimal Living Program
Authors: Shen Sherry , Allsop Johnny , Salehi Erica , Anselmo Cara , Corcoran Stacie , Clayton Jill , Smith Andrea , Emerzian Melissa , Robson Mark , Iyengar Neil 
Published: March 2022

Background: Evidence-based recommendations support a dietary pattern rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables with limited consumption of added sugars to improve cancer risk and mortality. The Optimal Living Program (OLP) is a prospective multiparametric lifestyle intervention that engages early-stage breast cancer patients at the time of diagnosis in risk-stratified, personalized lifestyle management. Here, we report baseline dietary patterns among women enrolled in the OLP. Methods: Upon enrollment, patients complete a questionnaire that incorporates the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Dietary Screener Questionnaire (DSQ), which queries the consumption frequency of 26 food items over the past month. Based on standard NCI DSQ scoring procedures, we calculated total daily serving equivalents of all food items within a dietary factor group. This included: 1) total daily cup equivalents of fruit and vegetables from fruit, fruit juice, salad, potatoes, beans, other vegetables, tomato sauce, salsa, and pizza, 2) total daily ounce equivalents per day of whole grains from cereal, whole grain bread, popcorn, and whole grain rice, and 3) total daily teaspoon (tsp) equivalents of added sugars from cookies/cake/pie, doughnuts, ice cream, candy, cereals, and sugar-sweetened beverages including soda, fruit drinks, and sugar/honey in coffee/tea. Results: There were 100 patients enrolled in the OLP for whom baseline DSQ data were available. The median age at diagnosis was 58 and median BMI was 27.4 mg/m2. 69 patients were white (69.0%), 14 were Black (14.0%), and 7 were Asian (7.0%). 62 patients had stage I disease (62.0%), 22 patients had stage II disease (22.0%), and 15 patients had ductal carcinoma in situ (15.0%). 74 patients had hormone receptor-positive disease (74.0%), 3 had HER2-positive disease (3.0%), and 7 had triple-negative disease (7.0%). Daily frequency of consumption of dietary factor groups are shown in Table 1. Only 29 patients (29.0%) met the current dietary guideline of 4-5 cup equivalents of fruits and vegetables per day and no patients (0%) met the guideline of more than 3 ounce equivalents of whole grains per day. Added sugar intake ranged from 0 to 4.8 teaspoon equivalents per day. Conclusion: Most women in this cohort with newly diagnosed early-stage breast cancer did not consume the recommended daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains per the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines and the American Institute for Cancer Research. Our findings identify these dietary factors as important targets of intervention with personalized dietary guidance at the time of breast cancer diagnosis.

Table 1.&lt;1/day1 - 2/day2 - 3/day3 – 4/day&gt;4/dayFruits and vegetables (cup equivalents)6 (6.0%)23 (23.0%)28 (28.0%)14 (14.0%)29 (29.0%)Whole grains (ounce equivalents)63 (63.0%)29 (29.0%)8 (8.0%)0 (0%)0 (0%)Added sugar (tsp equivalents)32 (32.0%)35 (35.0%)22 (22.0%)6 (6.0%)5 (5.0%)Sugar-sweetened beverages (tsp equivalents)62 (62.0%)21 (21.0%)15 (15.0%)2 (2.0%)0 (0%)

Citation Format: Sherry Shen, Johnny Allsop, Erica Salehi, Cara Anselmo, Stacie Corcoran, Jill Clayton, Andrea Smith, Melissa Emerzian, Mark Robson, Neil Iyengar. Baseline dietary patterns among women with newly diagnosed early-stage breast cancer enrolled in the Optimal Living Program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-09-05.