bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dominaçao e resistência no trabalho da enfermeira
Authors: Nóbrega-Therrien Silvia Maria
Published: August 2014

Este estudo se propõe a investigar as formas de dominação presentes no trabalho cotidiano da enfermeira no hospital e a maneira como esta profissional lida com eles. E ainda, que processos de mediação ocorrem nas relações que produzem enfrentamentos e como elas ajudam na compreensão e transformação do seu próprio trabalho. Utiliza-se de uma metodologia qualitativa que envolve entrevistas em profundidade com 15 enfermeiros e também a análise dos documentos oficiais do COREN e do Sindicato dos Enfermeiros do Estado do Ceará. O estudo conclui que as formas de dominação não só existem, como contribuem para a reprodução de relações desiguais no trabalho e que essas relações ocorrem entre enfermeira e médico, entre os pares, entre as enfermeiras e os auxiliares de enfermagem. Em resposta a essa situação, a enfermeira vem se utilizando de mecanismos e estratégias de resistência individuais e informais, mas também formais e coletivos, esses últimos com menor freqüência.
Using aster multispectral imagery for mapping woody invasive species in pico da vara natural reserve (Azores Islands, Portugal)
Authors: Gil Artur , Yu Qian , Abadi Mohamed , Calado Helena
Published: August 2014

This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of ASTER imagery to support the mapping of Pittosporum undulatum, an invasive woody species, in Pico da Vara Natural Reserve (S. Miguel Island, Archipelago of the Azores, Portugal). This assessment was done by applying K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Maximum Likelihood (MLC) pixel-based supervised classifications to 4 different geographic and remote sensing datasets constituted by the Visible, Near-Infrared (VNIR) and Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) of the ASTER sensor and by digital cartography associated to orography (altitude and "distance to water streams") of which the spatial distribution of Pittosporum undulatum directly depends. Overall, most performed classifications showed a strong agreement and high accuracy. At targeted species level, the two higher classification accuracies were obtained when applying MLC and KNN to the VNIR bands coupled with auxiliary geographic information use. Results improved significantly by including ecology and occurrence information of species (altitude and distance to water streams) in the classification scheme. These results show that the use of ASTER sensor VNIR spectral bands, when coupled to relevant ancillary GIS data, can constitute an effective and low cost approach for the evaluation and continuous assessment of Pittosporum undulatum woodland propagation and distribution within Protected Areas of the Azores Islands.
Frugivoria por aves em área de cerrado no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais
Authors: Silva Gustavo Bernardino Malacco da , Pedroni Fernando
Published: August 2014

O consumo de frutos carnosos por vertebrados é um fenômeno importante nos trópicos, com destaque para aves e mamíferos que apresentam altas proporções de espécies frugívoras. O objetivo do estudo foi observar as principais aves frugívoras em área de Cerrado na reserva do Clube Caça e Pesca Itororó, no Município de Uberlândia, MG, durante o período de novembro de 2000 a outubro de 2001. Foram registradas 90 interações, envolvendo 22 espécies de plantas e 33 espécies de aves. Foi encontrado padrão assimétrico nas interações, no qual poucas espécies são responsáveis pela maioria das interações. As principais aves observadas consumindo frutos são de pequeno porte e onívoras. Interações frugívoras com aves de grande porte, como das famílias Cracidae e Ramphastidae, consideradas potenciais dispersores de sementes, não foram registradas. O estudo demonstrou a importância das espécies vegetais Ouratea spectabilis e Miconia theizans nas interações de frugivoria, além do destaque do gênero Elaenia no consumo de frutos e dispersão de sementes.
Composição e estrutura da comunidade arbórea e arbustiva em murundus no Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso
Authors: Morais Rodrigo Ferreira , Morais Fernando Ferreira , Lima Jose Francisco de
Published: August 2014

Campos de murundus são áreas planas alagáveis, onde se encontram pequenas elevações (morrotes) espalhadas na paisagem. Esses murundus apresentam solo e vegetação diferente da área circundante, uma vez que não se alagam no período chuvoso. Espera-se que o tamanho (m²) e o volume (m³) dos murundus exerçam influência sobre a composição florística e a estrutura da comunidade vegetal. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a composição florística e a estrutura da comunidade vegetal arbórea e arbustiva em murundus, no Pantanal de Poconé, MT, com a finalidade de responder a duas perguntas: (i) Existe correlação entre a área e o volume do murundu com a riqueza e abundância da vegetação arbórea e arbustiva? (ii) Existe correlação entre a área e o volume do murundu com a área basal das espécies arbóreas e arbustivas? Foram usadas parcelas para delimitar a área de campo de murundus a ser estudada. Nessas parcelas, formam mensurados a área e volume dos murundus e realizados os levantamentos florístico e fitossociológico. Foi verificado que área e volume influenciaram a riqueza, a abundância e a área basal das espécies.
Invasão por espécies arbóreas exóticas em remanescentes florestais no Planalto Sul Catarinense
Authors: Guidini André Luiz , Silva Ana Carolina , Higuchi Pedro , Rosa Angélica Dalla , Spiazzi Fábio Rodrigues , Negrini Marcelo , Ferreira Tiago de Souza , Salami Bruna , Marcon Amanda Koche , Junio Fernando Buzzi
Published: August 2014

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a invasão por espécies arbóreas exóticas em dois fragmentos (F1 e F2) de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (FOM) em Lages, SC. Foram alocadas 25 parcelas por fragmento, distribuídas em cinco transeções de 20 x 100 m, perpendiculares às bordas e com distância de 100 m entre si, onde foram avaliados os indivíduos dos estratos adulto (DAP - diâmetro à altura do peito > 5 cm) e regenerante (DAP < 5 cm e altura >10 cm). Esses foram identificados e mensurados (circunferência e altura). Foi calculado, para as espécies de cada estrato e de cada fragmento, o Índice de Invasão Biológica (IIB). A relação entre o IIB e a distância da borda foi verificada por meio de regressões lineares simples. O agrupamento de espécies exóticas e nativas foi determinado por meio de correlações de Spearman e de dendrogramas. Foram amostrados 3.701 indivíduos distribuídos em 105 espécies, sendo cinco espécies invasoras. No F1 houve valores de IIB relativamente baixos (0,05 e 0,54), com Pinus taeda L., obtendo-se a maior participação na invasão, e esse esteve agrupado com espécies nativas pioneiras. Os IIB´s no F2 foram altos (0,61 e 1,96), principalmente pela elevada participação de Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton., que ficou agrupado a espécies típicas da FOM. Não foi observada relação entre a distância da borda e a intensidade da invasão biológica. Os resultados indicaram que os fragmentos apresentaram diferentes padrões de invasão biológica, determinados pela natureza da matriz de entorno e pelas características ecológicas das espécies invasoras.
Thinning effect on plant growth of pruned eucalypt clone
Authors: Ramos Diego Correa , Reis Geraldo Gonçalves dos , Reis Maria das Graças Ferreira , Leite Helio Garcia , Stocks Jonathan James , Lima Ana Paula Leite de , Faria Ronan Soares de
Published: August 2014

A pruned stand of eucalypt clone underwent five thinning treatments with the removal of different proportion of the planted trees, at different ages: a) 0% - unthinned, b) 35% at 55 months, c) 35% at 81 months, d) 70% at 81 months, removing sprouts in the thinned plant stumps and, e) 70% at 81 months, without coppice sprouts removal. By the age of 141 months, the Weibull distribution showed higher number of trees in the smallest diameter classes for the unthinned treatment. The 70% thinning, with thinned coppice sprouts removal, presented higher number of individuals in the largest diameter classes. Height and yield were the smallest with the removal of 70% of the trees at 81 months, maintaining coppice sprouts. The afterthinning periodic annual increment was greater by thinning 35% of the trees at 55 months resulting in greater number of trees in the largest diameter classes as compared to the other treatments. Yield was higher for the unthinned treatment. The results of this study indicated that thinning 70% of the trees at the age of 81 months, with coppice sprout removal, could be recommended to obtain trees of larger diameter for multiproduct.
Distribuição espacial das frações granulométricas argila e areia total em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo
Authors: Lima Julião Soares Souza , Bona Diego Antonio Ottonelli , Fiedler Nilton Cesar , Pereira Daniel Pena
Published: August 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a variabilidade espacial das frações granulométricas argila e areia total de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo cultivado com eucalipto. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0-0,20 m e 0,20-0,40 m em uma malha amostral de 33 x 33 m, totalizando 94 pontos georreferenciados. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva, geoestatística e interpolação por krigagem e cokrigagem. Na cokrigagem, utilizaram-se valores da profundidade de 0-0,20 m para estimar valores de 0,20-0,40 m. Maior valor médio da fração argila foi encontrado na profundidade de 0,20-0,40 m e na areia total, na profundidade de 0-0,20 m. O modelo esférico ajustou-se aos dados nos métodos de krigagem e cokrigagem. Os maiores alcances de dependência espacial foram encontrados na profundidade de 0,20-0,40 m. Os erros médios encontrados nos dois métodos apresentaram valores próximos e negativos, indicando superestimação dos valores amostrais.
Estratificação volumétrica por classes de estoque em uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa, no Município de Almeirim, Estado do Pará, Brasil
Authors: Souza Agostinho Lopes de , Medeiros Rodrigo Marques de , Matos Luiz Marcos Silva , Silva Kátia Regina , Corrêa Perez Alves , Faria Felipe Nascimento de
Published: August 2014

Este estudo teve como objetivos agrupar as Unidades de Trabalho (UT) da Unidade de Produção Anual (UPA) em classes homogêneas de estoque volumétrico e analisar a composição florística, a diversidade e as estruturas horizontal e diamétrica, por classe de estoque. Os dados procederam do inventário de prospecção, ou censo, com mapeamento de árvores pré-comerciais e potencialmente comerciais e foram disponibilizados, mediante convênio, pela Orsa Florestal. A área de estudo localiza-se no Município de Almeirim, Estado do Pará. No Censo foram consideradas 469 UTs (250 x 400 m), perfazendo 4.690 ha e 191.640 árvores com DAP > 35,0 cm. Foram utilizadas análises de agrupamento (método de Ward) e discriminante (método de Fisher) e obtidas três classes de estoque, ou classes de produtividade. A riqueza e diversidade de espécies arbóreas com DAP > 35 cm da UPA, respectivamente, 540 espécies e 4,52 nats.indivíduo-1, foram muito elevadas, porém realísticas, por se tratar de um censo. A intensidade de corte pode ser ordenada pela capacidade produtiva de cada UT e, dessa forma, resultar em colheitas de mínimo impacto ambiental, se comparada com a máxima intensidade de corte de 30 m³·ha-1 com ciclo de corte inicial de 35 anos para plano de manejo florestal sustentável pleno. As parcelas permanentes também puderam ser distribuídas por classes de produtividade, reduzindo custos e aumentando a precisão das estimativas de crescimento da floresta manejada.
Modified method for bronchial suture by Ramirez Gama compared to separate stitches suture: experimental study
Authors: Moura Vitor Mayer de , Lamdim Erinaldo Rocha Paes , Ferraz Felipe Souza , Turatti Rodrigo Carvalho , Jaqueta Carolina de Barros , Leme Pedro Luiz Squilacci
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE: To experimentally compare two classic techniques described for manual suture of the bronchial stump. METHODS: We used organs of pigs, with isolated trachea and lungs, preserved by refrigeration. We dissected 30 bronchi, which were divided into three groups of ten bronchi each, of 3mm, 5mm, and 7mm, respectively. In each, we performed the suture with simple, separated, extramucosal stitches in five other bronchi, and the technique proposed by Ramirez and modified by Santos et al in the other five. Once the sutures were finished, the anastomoses were tested using compressed air ventilation, applying an endotracheal pressure of 20mmHg. RESULTS: the Ramirez Gama suture was more effective in the bronchi of 3, 5 and 7 mm, and there was no air leak even after subjecting them to a tracheal pressure of 20mmHg. The simple interrupted sutures were less effective, with extravasation in six of the 15 tested bronchi, especially in the angles of the sutures. These figures were not significant (p = 0.08). CONCLUSION: manual sutures of the bronchial stumps were more effective when the modified Ramirez Gama suture was used in the caliber bronchi arms when tested with increased endotracheal pressure.
Four-arm single docking full robotic surgery for low rectal cancer: technique standardization
Authors: Ramos José Reinan , Parra-Davila Eduardo
Published: August 2014

The authors present the four-arm single docking full robotic surgery to treat low rectal cancer. The eight main operative steps are: 1- patient positioning; 2- trocars set-up and robot docking; 3- sigmoid colon, left colon and splenic flexure mobilization (lateral-to-medial approach); 4-Inferior mesenteric artery and vein ligation (medial-to-lateral approach); 5- total mesorectum excision and preservation of hypogastric and pelvic autonomic nerves (sacral dissection, lateral dissection, pelvic dissection); 6- division of the rectum using an endo roticulator stapler for the laparoscopic performance of a double-stapled coloanal anastomosis (type I tumor); 7- intersphincteric resection, extraction of the specimen through the anus and lateral-to-end hand sewn coloanal anastomosis (type II tumor); 8- cylindric abdominoperineal resection, with transabdominal section of the levator muscles (type IV tumor). The techniques employed were safe and have presented low rates of complication and no mortality.
Brasil: segunda grande transformação no trabalho?
Authors: Pochmann Marcio
Published: August 2014

O presente artigo discute a hipótese de o Brasil estar diante de uma segunda grande transformação do trabalho neste início do século XXI. Como grande transformação, compreende-se o curso da atual estruturação do mercado de trabalho explicitado pela expansão do assalariamento formal e a queda do desemprego, desigualdade de renda e pobreza. Tal movimento diferencia-se da primeira grande transformação do trabalho observada durante as décadas de 1930 a 1980, quando o país perseguiu importante fase de consolidação da sociedade urbana e industrial. Por ser interrompido nas duas últimas décadas do século passado pela regressão econômica e social, o Brasil somente passou a sinalizar uma segunda transformação do trabalho em novas bases mediante o fortalecimento do setor de serviços que aguarda, ainda, o reposicionamento do Estado em termos de novas políticas públicas.
O trabalho no Brasil: traçado interpretativo de sua história de formação e de sua crítica
Authors: Heidemann Heinz Dieter , Toledo Carlos de Almeida , Boechat Cássio Arruda
Published: August 2014

O presente artigo discute a formação e crise do trabalho no Brasil tendo em vista suas especificidades. Este estudo revela a territorialização do capital que forma o Estado nacional como processo particular de expropriação - a região - marcada por relações de trabalho especificas, até que as condições sociais do assalariamento estivessem formadas. Por fim, trata da questão do ressurgimento do trabalho escravo no Brasil como forma de manifestação do colapso da modernização enquanto fenômeno mundializado e não específico ao território nacional.
O emprego industrial na Região Norte: o caso do Polo Industrial de Manaus
Authors: Ferreira Sylvio Mário Puga , Botelho Lissandro
Published: August 2014

Aborda-se neste artigo o mercado de trabalho no Polo Industrial de Manaus (PIM) observando, desde as origens da Zona Franca de Manaus (ZFM), a natureza econômica da divisão social do trabalho. Preceito básico da prosperidade econômica, a divisão social do trabalho é parte essencial para estudo do (sub)desenvolvimento de uma região ou país. Nesse caso, especificamente, discutimos tal divisão social do trabalho através de clássicos sobre o tema e com base de dados local tecemos observações sobre empregos no PIM. Em nossos resultados mencionamos que além dos empregos gerados precisamos verificar em que parte das cadeias de valor globais determinadas ocupações são necessárias ou não. A partir dessas considerações propomos que para qualificar a oferta de empregos, no PIM, é necessário levar em conta a qualidade do trabalho, e não apenas a quantidade que tende a oferecer salários médios baixos. Dessa feita, faz-se necessária uma estratégia para promover a qualificação do operariado local, assim como atrair e manter empreendimentos que oferte empregos melhores com salários médios maiores.
Kyphosis in fractures: evaluation of digital measuring
Authors: De Brito Marcelo Botelho Soares , Bergamaschi João Paulo Machado , Pellegrino Luciano Antonio Nassar , Umeta Ricardo Shigueaki Galhego , Caffaro Maria Fernanda Silber , Meves Robert , Avanzi Osmar
Published: August 2014

Objective: This study evaluates the manual and digital reliability and reproducibility of five methods of measuring deformity (kyphosis) in thoracolumbar burst fractures. Method: Ninety (90) tomographic images were evaluated and, in each case, kyphotic deformity was measured, both manually and digitally, through the five most relevant methods described in the literature. For the assessment of intraobserver error, 20 cases were measured again. Results: The results show that all five methods are highly reliable and digitally reproducible, with estimated error near or lower than that indicated in the intraobserver error analysis. Cobb's method had the highest concordance (96%) while the sagittal index had the lowest concordance (75%). It is also suggested that digital assessment is more reliable then the manual method. Conclusion: All tested methods are highly reliable and digitally reproducible.
Analysis of sagittal balance and spinopelvic parameters in a brazilian population sample
Authors: Pratali Raphael De Rezende , Luz Charlles De Oliveira , Barsotti Carlos Eduardo Gonçales , Dos Santos Francisco Prado Eugenio , De Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Algaves Soares
Published: August 2014

Objective: To define the sagittal balance and spinopelvic parameters in a Brazilian population sample composed of asymptomatic volunteers. Methods: Fifty healthy adult individuals volunteered to participate in this study. The exclusion criteria included spinal deformity or improper radiograph study. In each radiograph exam in profile view, the sagittal balance and spinopelvic parameters were evaluated, including vertical sagittal axis, sacral slope, pelvic tilt and pelvic incidence. Results: The data obtained in this study are according to the values presented in the worldwide literature. None of the radiographic parameters showed any differences between the genders. Comparing the values presented in this study with those of other reports, with different populations, it was observed that: there was no significant difference in any of the pelvic parameters between Brazilian and Korean populations; there was a significant difference in pelvic incidence between Brazilian and European populations in a total sample (p=0.0001), in males (p=0.02), and in females (p=0.0007); there was a difference in sacral slope between Brazilian and European populations in a total sample (p=0.0140), and in females (p=0.005). Conclusion: There were no differences in any parameter in terms of gender. There were no differences in pelvic incidence between Brazilian and Korean populations. There was a difference in pelvic incidence between Brazilian and European populations, in the total sample and in males and females. There was a difference in sacral slope between Brazilian and European populations in a total sample, and in females.
The Nature of Family Life among Marginalized People Living with HIV/AIDS in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Harvey Carol D. H. , Migliardi Paula , Mignone Javier
Published: August 2014

This article reports on family life for a group of individuals living with HIV/AIDS from Winnipeg, Manitoba, and Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Participants took photos of people and things that provided support to deal with their disease; they then described the photos, and their narratives were used as data points for this analysis. Eight themes were revealed, and we report on one, family life, which has three subthemes: (a) family separation, shown across the life cycle, from adoption of respondents or of their children; from illness or death of parents, siblings, or offspring; and from physical separation; (b) family support (or lack thereof); and (c) family violence, either physical or psychological, that was frequent and formed the context for interaction. These subthemes are discussed and implications for practice and research are presented.
Properties of blended cement using metakaolin and hydrated lime
Authors: Ismael Nadia S. , Ghanim Mostafa N.
Published: August 2014

Thermal activation of Ga'ara kaolin is used to produce a good quality metakaolin. Portland cement clinker is ground and blended with 3% gypsum. In this study, two types of mixes are made: the first using 10% hydrated lime and different percentages of metakaolin as replacement by weight of the blended cement; in the second type, only metakaolin is used, without hydrated lime, in mixes as a replacement by weight of the blended cement. The aim of this study is to make a new type of environmentally friendly, blended cement with good fresh and hardened properties. Energy savings can be achieved by using materials produced as industrial by-products (metakaolin, hydrated lime). The compressive strength is 42·1 MPa for the mix with 12% metakaolin and 0% hydrated lime, and 38·8 MPa for 12% metakaolin with 10% hydrated lime, as compared to the reference mix value of 37·9 MPa at age 90 d. Blended cement can be made with 86% Portland cement fineness, adding 22% metakaolin + hydrated lime as a replacement by weight of the blend, to give almost the same compressive strength as the reference mix, with excellent soundness properties. This could reduce the annual production of cement, as well as the associated emission of gaseous pollutants from factories during the cement production process.
The Diagnostic Efficiency of the Extended German Brøset Violence Checklist to Assess the Risk of Violence
Authors: Rechenmacher Josef , Müller Gerhard , Abderhalden Christoph , Schulc Eva
Published: August 2014

Background and Purpose: The prevention of aggression and violence of patients is part of the challenge for the psychiatric inpatient care. Resources needed are a systematic risk assessment and taking preventive measures according to the risk. The extended Brøset Violence Checklist (BVC-CH) is an assessment instrument for the short-term assessment of the risk of violence for physical attacks toward medical staff and other patients. Until now, the instrument was only validated in the context of the development phase of the instrument. The aim of this study was to investigate how valid the BVC-CH scale is for adult psychiatry in acute inpatient care facilities. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 232 consecutively admitted patients were assessed using the BVC-CH. The calculation of the predictive values was based on a contingency table. The discriminatory power of the instrument and the determination of the cutoff point were done using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Physical attacks were registered with the Staff Observation of Aggression Scale–Revised (SOAS-R). Results: The sensitivity was 58.8% and the specificity was 96.8% by a cutoff point of ≥7. By choosing a cutoff point of ≥6, the sensitivity was 64.7% and the specificity was 95.1%. A value of .93 was determined for the area under the curve receiver operating characteristic (AUCROC). Conclusions: Overall, the BVC-CH is a valid instrument for the short-term prediction of physical attacks. Further research of the BVC-CH is recommended but in particular for the cutoff point.
Factor Analysis of the Modified Sexual Adjustment Questionnaire-Male
Authors: Wilmoth Margaret C. , Hanlon Alexandra L. , Ng Lit Soo , Bruner Debra W.
Published: August 2014

Background and Purpose: The Sexual Adjustment Questionnaire (SAQ) is used in National Cancer Institute–sponsored clinical trials as an outcome measure for sexual functioning. The tool was revised to meet the needs for a clinically useful, theory-based outcome measure for use in both research and clinical settings. This report describes the modifications and validity testing of the modified Sexual Adjustment Questionnaire-Male (mSAQ-Male). Methods: This secondary analysis of data from a large Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial employed principal axis factor analytic techniques in estimating validity of the revised tool. The sample size was 686; most subjects were White, older than the age 60 years, and with a high school education and a Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) score of greater than 90. Results: A 16-item, 3-factor solution resulted from the factor analysis. The mSAQ-Male was also found to be sensitive to changes in physical sexual functioning as measured by the KPS. Conclusion: The mSAQ-Male is a valid self-report measure of sexuality that can be used clinically to detect changes in male sexual functioning.
Ellen N. La Motte: The Making of a Nurse, Writer, and Activist
Authors: Williams Lea M.
Published: August 2014

This article examines the early career of Ellen N. La Motte (1873–1961) to trace how her training at the Johns Hopkins Training School for Nurses and years spent as a tuberculosis nurse in Baltimore shaped her perception of tuberculosis prevention and women’s suffrage. Although studies of tuberculosis have frequently alluded to her work, no sustained biocritical discussion of her development as a nurse and scholar exists. Between 1902, when she graduated from nursing school, and 1914, the start of the Great War, La Motte published a textbook and dozens of articles in journals devoted to nursing and social reform and delivered many speeches at local, regional, and national meetings. In addition, as her reputation as an expert in the field of tuberculosis nursing grew, her advocacy for the vote for women increased, and she used her writing and speaking skills on behalf of the suffrage cause. This article assesses how the skills La Motte acquired during these years helped mold her into a successful and respected nurse, writer, and activist.
Reflections on Lactation in the African American Community
Authors: Barber Kathi
Published: August 2014

Lactation advocacy, promotion, and counseling has undergone a number of changes in the African American community. From programs funded by the government to contemplative reviews of the business of lactation, the breastfeeding rates of Black women have made an unhurried increase. With
straightforward acumen, Kathi Barber shares her reflections on working in the field.
2014 Lactation Summit: Addressing Inequities Within the Lactation Consultant Profession
Authors: Carothers Cathy
Published: August 2014

The International Lactation Consultant Association (ILCA), International Board of Lactation Consultant Examiners, and Lactation Education Accreditation Approval Review Committee jointly hosted the 2014 Lactation Summit, “Addressing Inequities Within the Lactation Consultant Profession”
following the 2014 ILCA Conference. The Summit was the first conversation as part of a genuine process to address inequities within the profession that prevent access. A summary of the proceedings will be published in the December 2014 issue.
Emerging Adulthood: Resilience and Support
Authors: Hinton Vanessa , Meyer Jill
Published: August 2014

Purpose: This article provides an overview of emerging adulthood, recentering, and resilience of youth with disabilities. Emerging adulthood is a developmental period during which individuals experience delays in attainment of adult roles and social expectations. Recentering is a process that emerging adults experience as they make distinct shifts from adolescence to adulthood. Successful recentering is a result of supports, opportunities, and available choices. In addition, resilience is a psychological construct that manifests when positive experiences come out of adverse situations and is a key factor in one’s ability to recenter. This article also provides an overview of identified aspects of resilience within the emerging adulthood framework.

Method: A computer search of ERIC and PsycINFO was used to locate studies published between 1990 and 2013. This timeframe was selected because the genesis of emerging adulthood came about in the early 1990s (Arnett, 2006).

Results: The authors explored various factors such as social supports, self-determination, agency, adaptation, and coping that are linked to resilience and an emerging adult’s ability to recenter.

Conclusions: Important connections with evidence-based practices and considerations for professional development are discussed in assisting consumers who are emerging adults in the recentering process. There is great diversity among individuals’ supports, opportunities, and choices, and there is a need for research investigating emerging adulthood and individuals with disabilities.
The dual-slope conversion improvement
Authors: Radetic Radojle , Pavlov-Kagadejev Marijana , Milivojevic Nikola
Published: August 2014

The dual-slope ADC (DSADC) is a type of analog-to-digital conversion with low
input bandwidths. It is pretty slow, but its ability to reject
high-frequency noise and fixed low frequencies such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz makes
it useful in noisy industrial environments and applications. It provides
very good resolution. For the practical measurements in the Institutes
laboratory an instrument is designed and realized. The base DSADC method is
used, but improved by multiple conversions to make the measuring more
precise and the time shorter. The special attention is paid to the problems
occurred in practical realization and the way to overcome them. The paper
describes the proposed and applied solutions, functional principles and
achieved performances of the realized instrument.
Second order statistics of SC receiver over k-μ multipath fading channel
Authors: Bandjur Milos , Radenkovic Dragan , Milenkovic Vladeta , Suljevic Suad , Djosic Danijel
Published: August 2014

In this paper wireless communication system with dual branch selection
combining (SC) diversity receiver operating over k-? multipath fading
environment is considered. Closed form expressions for average level
crossing rate of SC receiver output signal envelope and average fade
duration of proposed system are evaluated. Numerical results are presented
graphically to show the influence of Rican factor k and fading severity ? on
average level crossing rate and average fade duration.
Central retesting of breast cancer with HER2 immunohistochemistry score of 0 or 1+ using silver-enhanced in situ hybridisation: a multicentre, prospective study in Greece
Authors: Papadopoulos Savvas , Arapantoni-Dadioti Petroula , Sfikas Konstantinos , Stylianidou Artemis , Trichia Helen , Katsamagou Eleftheria , Baleki Vaia , Noe Johannes
Published: August 2014

Newly diagnosed invasive breast cancers should be evaluated for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or in situ hybridisation (ISH) to determine eligibility for trastuzumab or other HER2-targeted therapies. Previous reports of high discordance rates between IHC and ISH have raised concerns over the accuracy of HER2 testing, especially when IHC is conducted locally. This study aimed to determine the rate of false-negative IHC results at three pathology centres (one central, two local) in Greece by central retesting of 240 prospectively collected invasive breast cancers scored as IHC 0/1+ at initial testing. All samples were from female patients (median age 58.0 years). Initial IHC tests utilised either the CB11 (159/239; 66.5%) or 4B5 (80/239; 33.5%) antibodies and were scored as 0 in 105/240 cases (43.8%) and 1+ in 135/240 cases (56.3%). All samples were centrally retested by automated silver in situ hybridisation (SISH). Of 237 samples with SISH staining suitable for assessment, 223 (94.1%; 95% confidence interval 90.3–96.5%) were classed as SISH-negative (HER2:chromosome enumeration probe 17 (CEP17) <1.8). Eight tested SISH-positive (HER2:CEP17 >2.2), providing a false-negative rate of 3.4%. A further four samples (1.7%) exhibited equivocal amplification status (HER2:CEP17 1.8–2.2) and two (0.8%) showed polysomy of chromosome 17. The proportion of SISH-negative results did not significantly differ between the IHC 0 and 1+ subgroups (95.2% vs. 93.2%; p=0.505). In conclusion, the low observed rate of false-negative IHC results in this study supports the use of IHC for initial HER2 status assessment in local or central laboratories in Greece.
Role Patterns in it Projects Teams: Design of a Selection Module Using Fuzzy Logic Techniques
Authors: Bach-Dąbrowska Irena , Wojnar Jakub
Published: August 2014

This paper introduces an approach based on role patterns and modelling by the use of fuzzy logic tool for selection process with limitation to the area of IT projects environment. The article shows a concept of role pattern structures and their further usage in process of forming a fuzzy model dedicated to candidate assessment process support
Several Remarks on Banach–Mazur Games and its Applications Ewa Drabik
Authors: Drabik Ewa
Published: August 2014

Certain type of perfect information games (PI-games), the so-called Banach-Mazur games, so far have not been applied in economy. The perfect information positional game is defined as the game during which at any time the choice is made by one of the players who is acquainted with the previous decision of his opponent. The game is run on the sequential basis. The aim of this paper is to discuss selected Banach-Mazur games and to present some applications of positional game
Use of the Pn-En Iso 9004:2010 Standard for Improvement of Competitiveness of the Food Industry Enterprises
Authors: Szkiel Agata
Published: August 2014

Food industry companies, functioning in an ever-changing and uncertain environment, look for ways to increase their competitiveness, including the improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of the implemented food safety management systems. Directions that can be used for this purpose are provided by the PN-EN ISO 9004:2010 standard. In the first part of the elaboration presented the requirements for the food safety management system included in the PN-EN ISO 22000:2006, and then the guidance of the PN-EN ISO 9004:2010 standard for providing the enterprise management system in order to achieve a sustained success in the turbulent environment. Followed by compared the guidelines and requirements of these two standards in order to evaluate the possibility of their combined use in the food industry enterprises. Next presented this guidelines of the PN-EN ISO 9004:2010 standard, which have no references to the requirements of the PNEN 22000:2006, and are discussed how they can be helpful for enterprises in the food chain in the process of improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of the implemented food safety management systems
Project Parameter Estimation on the Basis of an Erp Database
Authors: Relich Marcin
Published: August 2014

Nowadays, more and more enterprises are using Enterprise Resource Planning (EPR) systems that can also be used to plan and control the development of new products. In order to obtain a project schedule, certain parameters (e.g. duration) have to be specified in an ERP system. These parameters can be defined by the employees according to their knowledge, or can be estimated on the basis of data from previously completed projects. This paper investigates using an ERP database to identify those variables that have a significant influence on the duration of a project phase. In the paper, a model of knowledge discovery from an ERP database is proposed. The presented method contains four stages of the knowledge discovery process such as data selection, data transformation, data mining and interpretation of patterns in the context of new product development. Among data mining techniques, a fuzzy neural system is chosen to seek relationships on the basis of data from completed projects stored in an ERP system.
Management of Receivables on the Example of Business Entities from the Płock Subregion
Authors: Felic Barbara , Grabowska Magdalena , Krzętowska Agnieszka , Piekut Marlena , Walczak Renata
Published: August 2014

The article presents a problem and differences of financial liquidity and profitability. The survey of financial liquidity and profitability, underwritten by the College of Economics and Social Sciences of Warsaw University of Technology, was conducted on Płock Subregion enterprises. The survey concerned cash flow management, receivables controlling, trade credits, different payments and receivables. The results of the conducted survey indicate that the majority of companies from the subregion of Płock suffer several problems and despite a wide range of possibilities of using different tools for the management of receivables, the respondents do not use them efficiently. The survey has shown that most of them applies only the most popular, simplest and cheapest solutions, but, consequently the least efficient.
Implementation of Enterprise Systems as A Strategic Move for Strengthening a Company’s Competitive Advantage
Authors: Kamiński Andrzej
Published: August 2014

This article discusses how the restructuring linked with broadly defined informatisation program can be used to gain a strategic competitive advantage in business. This problem is illustrated with an example representing the introduction of information technologies in the Municipal Transport Company (Miejskie Przedsiebiorstwo Komunikacyjne), as well as analysis and evaluation of the implementation of human resource management system. The analysis was carried out in the operational and strategic areas.
Cloud Computing as a Tool for Improving Business Competitiveness
Authors: Wišniewski Michał
Published: August 2014

This article organizes knowledge on cloud computing presenting the classification of deployment models, characteristics and service models. The author, looking at the problem from the entrepreneur’s perspective, draws attention to the differences in the benefits depending on the cloud computing deployment models and considers an effective way of selection of cloud computing services according to the specificity of organization. Within this work, a thesis statement was considered that in economic terms the cloud computing is not always the best solution for your organization. This raises the question, “What kind of tools should be used to estimate the usefulness of the model cloud computing services in the enterprise?”
Testing the CAPM in Bosnia and Herzegovina with Continuously Compounded Returns
Authors: Zaimović Azra
Published: August 2014

The capital markets of neighboring transitional Western Balkan countries have attracted a lot of interest from domestic and international investors in the last decade, who view them as an attractive alternative to investing in more developed markets. These markets are characterized by higher returns, and higher volatility of stock returns as compared to those of developed markets. The recent economic and financial crises devastated capital markets worldwide. The new Bosnian capital market faced its hardest times following the withdrawal of international investors.

The aim of this paper is to explore whether there is a standard relation between stock returns and market portfolio returns, as proposed by the Sharpe-Lintner Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), in the stock market of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We tested the model hypotheses with a traditional two-stage regression procedure using the OLS method, using continuously compounded (logarithmic) returns on stocks. Our study indicates that despite the crisis the systematic risk measured by the beta coefficient is priced and that the beta premium is positive. Nevertheless, the Security Market Line (SML) intercepts the ordinate lower than the risk free rate of return. Other factors might also influence stock returns in this market.
Field Survey of Dracaena Cinnabari Populations in Firmihin, Socotra Island: Methodology and Preliminary Results
Authors: Adolt Radim , Maděra Petr , Abraham Josef , Čupa Petr , Svátek Martin , Matula Radim , Šebesta Jan , Čermák Martin , Volařík Daniel , Koutecký Tomáš , Rejžek Martin , Šenfeldr Martin , Veska Jiří , Habrová Hana , Čermák Zdeněk , Němec Petr
Published: August 2014

Between 2010 and 2011 a field survey dedicated to Dracaena cinnabari (DC) population was conducted in Firmihin, Socotra Island (Yemen). It’s main goal was to collect data that would make it possible to unbiasedly estimate main characteristics of the local DC population. Our motivation was to provide reliable information to support decision-making processes as well as other research activities. At the same time we were not aware of a survey which could provide this kind of statistical-sound estimates for the whole population covering an area of almost 700 ha.

This article describes how the survey has been planned and carried out in practice. In addition, we also provide a set of preliminary estimates of the main DC population figures - totals and per hectare densities of stems, overall and partitioned according to predicted crown age. Among estimated parameters there are also mean crown age and proportions of predefined age classes on the total number of living DC stems. These estimates provide an explicit information on age structure of the whole DC population in Firmihin.

Although we collected data on more than one hundred randomly located plots, the reported accuracy of our estimates is still rather limiting. We discuss several possibilities to obtain more accurate results or at least to approach the supposedly lower true variance that can’t be calculated by approximate techniques applied here.

The design and concept of our survey makes it possible to evaluate changes over time on stem by stem bases and to generalize these stem-level details to the whole population. Mortality, regeneration and even change of population’s mean crown age can be estimated from a future repeated survey, which would be extremely useful to draw firm conclusions about the dynamic of the whole DC population in Firmihin.
Vegetation Succession Along New Roads at Soqotra Island (Yemen): Effects of Invasive Plant Species and Utilization of Selected Native Plant Resistence Against Disturbance
Authors: Maděra Petr , Kovář Pavel , Vojta Jaroslav , Volařík Daniel , Úradníček Luboš , Salašová Alena , Koblížek Jaroslav , Jelínek Petr
Published: August 2014

The paved (tarmac) roads had been constructed on Soqotra island over the last 15 years. The vegetation along the roads was disturbed and the erosion started immediately after the disturbance caused by the road construction. Our assumption is that biotechnical measurements should prevent the problems caused by erosion and improve stabilization of road edges. The knowledge of plant species which are able to grow in unfavourable conditions along the roads is important for correct selection of plants used for outplanting. The vegetation succession was observed using phytosociological relevés as a tool of recording and mapping assambblages of plants species along the roads as new linear structures in the landscape. Data from phytosociological relevés were analysed and the succession was characterised in different altitudes. The results can help us to select group of plants (especially shrubs and trees), which are suitable to be used as stabilizing green mantle in various site conditions and for different purposes (anti-erosional, ornamental, protection against noise or dust, etc.).
Mubarak’S Garden. Land Improvement on a Dry Tropical Island in the Arabian Sea
Authors: Pietsch Dana , Kühn Peter , Morris Miranda
Published: August 2014

Inhabited dry tropical regions are principally seen as vulnerable areas, especially if people have limited access to suitable land, fresh water and crop seeds. From the traditional, but also from the scientific point of view in some cases, it might be considered to be exceptional, indeed pointless, for people to try to improve land in such an arid environment. But for people living directly on a hypersaline coastline, experiments in crop cultivation are necessary to produce additional fruits and vegetables, using either traditional or adapted techniques of land cultivation. Soil investigations in a kitchen-garden situated on the northern coast of Soqotra Island, Yemen, show that one year of cultivation increased Corg contents from 0 up to 0.7%, and Pav contents from 100 mg kg-1 up to 230 mg kg-1 in the garden beds. A general decrease in slightly soluble salts - explained by irrigation with fresh water - is already obvious after only one year: decreasing from 6.7% slightly soluble salt in marine sand, to 0.3% slightly soluble salt in cultivated beds. A vertical increase of clay content in sediments and soils, and also an inland increase of clay content, was observed. It is hoped that this example will encourage future research on kitchen-gardens, since they have a beneficial effect on society as well as having positive environmental consequences, as seen in the present case of land improvement on Soqotra Island in the Arabian Sea
Intrinsic classes in the Union of European Football Associations soccer team ranking
Authors: Ausloos Marcel
Published: August 2014

A strong structural regularity of classes is found in soccer teams ranked by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) for the time interval 2009–2014. It concerns 424 to 453 teams according to the 5 competition seasons. The analysis is based on the rank-size theory considerations, the size being the UEFA coefficient at the end of a season. Three classes emerge: (i) the few ”top” teams, (ii) 300 teams, (iii) the rest of the involved teams (about 150) in the tail of the distribution. There are marked empirical laws describing each class. A 3-parameter Lavalette function is used to describe the concave curving as the rank increases, and to distinguish the the tail from the central behavior.
Anatomical adaptations of Astragalus gombiformis Pomel. under drought stress
Authors: Boughalleb Fayçal , Abdellaoui Raoudha , Ben-Brahim Nabil , Neffati Mohammed
Published: August 2014

The present study was designed to study the effect of drought on root, stem and leaf anatomy of Astragalus gombiformis Pomel. Several root, stem and leaf anatomical parameters (cross section diameter, cortex, root cortical cells, pith, leaf lamina and mesophyll thickness) were reduced under moderate to severe water deficit (20–30 days of withheld irrigation). The stele/cross section root ratio increased under moderate water deficit. The root’s and stems vascular systems showed reduced xylem vessel diameter and increased wall thickness under water deficit. In addition, the root xylem vessel density was increased in these drought conditions while it was unchanged in the stems. The stomata density was increased under prolonged drought conditions whereas the stomata size was untouched. The leaf vascular system showed reduced xylem and phloem tissue thickness in the main vein under moderate to severe water deficit. However, in the lamina the vascular tissue and the distance between vascular bundle were unaffected. Our findings suggest a complex network of anatomical adaptations such as a reduced vessel size with increased wall thickness, lesser cortical and mesophyll parenchyma formation and increased stomata density. These proprieties are required for the maintenance of water potential and energy storage under water stress which can improve the resistance of A. gombiformis to survive in arid areas.