bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning for Enhanced Identification in RPLC/HRMS Non-Targeted Workflows
Authors: NGAN Hiu Lok , Turkina Viktoriia , van Herwerden Denice , Yan Hong , Cai Zongwei , Samanipour Saer
Published: January 2025

In HRMS-based non-targeted analysis (NTA) without access to any retention information of unknown compounds, spectral matching is one of the most employed approaches for the assessment of chemical identification probability (IP). Recently, within the metabolomics community, the use of true positive (TP) probability has been proposed as an alternative to the conventional confidence assessment approaches. In this study, a combination of information extracted from the MS/MS spectra and calibrant-free predicted retention time indices (RTIs) yielded the probability of TP for each chemical annotation by integrating 3 machine learning (ML) models. Firstly, they include a molecular fingerprint (MF)-to-RTI model trained by 4,713 calibrants. Then a cumulative neutral loss (CNL)-to-RTI model was trained by 485,577 experimental spectra. Finally, a binary classification model was trained by 1,686,319 TP and true negative (TN) annotations. Our results demonstrated a high correlation (training: R2 = 0.96; testing: R2 = 0.88) between MF-derived and CNL-derived RTI values, suggesting reduced RTI error for TP annotations. By incorporating the output parameters from a previously developed library search algorithm, monoisotopic mass, and RTI error for TP determination, the k-nearest neighbors algorithm achieved a weighted F1 score of 0.65 and a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.30 for the annotations with their spectral matching scores ≥50% of total score. The attained ML models were applied to RPLC/HRMS NTA of pesticide mixtures that were spiked in solvent blank and 100× and 10× diluted black tea matrix. The chemical IPs of TP candidates were increased by 54.5%, 52.1%, and 46.7%, respectively. This work demonstrates the application of ML at large-scale model training to enhance chemical IP of unknown compounds.
Conformal Prediction-based Machine Learning in Cheminformatics: Current Applications and New Challenges
Authors: Astigarraga Mario , Sánchez-Ruiz Andrés , Colmenarejo Gonzalo
Published: January 2025

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a distribution-free Machine Learning (ML) framework that has been developed in the last ~25 years to provide well calibrated prediction subsets/intervals that include the true label with a user pre-defined probability, only requiring data exchangeability. It is based on the concept of nonconformity (or dissimilarity) of the new prediction compared to previous data and their predictions, so that the prediction subset/interval size is larger for new “unusual” instances and smaller for “typical” instances. Given its simplicity and ease of applicability, since 2012 it has been widely adopted in Cheminformatics, especially in the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling and Molecular Screening areas. This rapid popularization of CP in Cheminformatics can be explained on the grounds that: a) it can handle the applicability domain (AD) issue of ML models, of large importance in Cheminformatics due to the immense size of the chemical space; b) it deals with classification of heavily imbalanced datasets typical in Molecular Screening; and c) it quantifies compound-specific prediction uncertainties, especially useful as it allows to implement gain-cost strategies to accelerate drug discovery by reducing compounds to test. This comprehensive review introduces the method, provides a full appraisal of the work done in the field of Cheminformatics (with special emphasis in the QSAR and Molecular Screening arenas), and discusses its pros and cons and new challenges, especially for Deep Learning applications and nonexchangeable datasets, a very frequent situation in Cheminformatics.
Ligand Design Enables the Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Carbochlorocarbonylation of Alkynes and Cyclopentenone Formation
Authors: Denton Elliott , Schmitt Hendrik , Stepanovic Olivera , Müller Patrick , Müller Alexander , Svoboda Daniel , Morandi Bill
Published: January 2025

Herein, we demonstrate that ligand design enables the direct addition of acid chlorides across alkynes in a single step with complete atom economy to afford α,β-unsaturated acid chloride products. This carbochlorocarbonylation reaction, which proceeds through formal cleavage and reassembly of C–COCl bonds, was developed and explored for a range of acid chlorides and alkynes. During the course of this work, the formation of synthetically useful cyclopentenones, through a formal C–H functionalization step, was serendipitously observed at elevated temperatures. After optimizing for this divergent reactivity, we explored the substrate scope and undertook experiments to investigate the underlying mechanistic pathway for the for-mation of this product. Overall, this work expands the carbochlorocarbonylation reaction from activated substrates to alkynes. Further, it provides insight into ligand design to explore fundamental reactivity.
In vivo multiplexed analysis of aminopeptidase activities by hyperpolarized molecular probes for tumor diagnostic applications
Authors: Yatabe Hiroyuki , Saito Keita , Koike Ayumi , Takakusagi Yoichi , Elhelaly Abdelazim , Hyodo Fuminori , Matsuo Masayuki , Mizukami Wataru , Sugaya Maki , Osawa Tsuyoshi , Krishna Murali , Yamamoto Kazutoshi , Saito Yutaro , Sando Shinsuke
Published: January 2025

Aminopeptidases (APs) in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and their activity balance play a crucial role in regulating vascular functions. Multiplexed analysis of RAS-related AP activities is useful for diagnosing diseases, including cancer. Dynamic nuclear polarization coupled magnetic resonance imaging (DNP-MRI) enables simultaneous detection of multiple enzymatic activities in vivo. However, developing practical DNP-MRI probes, especially for multiplexed detection, remains challenging. Here, we report the design of DNP-MRI probes for in vivo multiplexed analysis of AP activities. By integrating quantum mechanical calculations, organic synthesis, and physicochemical/biochemical evaluations, we developed a series of AP-responsive DNP-MRI probes with high enzymatic reactivities and distinguishable chemical shifts. Using these probes, we successfully detected and visualized multiple AP activities in vivo. Furthermore, we performed in vivo multiplex analysis of RAS-related AP activities in tumor-bearing mice, demonstrating the potential of this approach for monitoring the efficacy of anti-angiogenic cancer therapy and for accurate discrimination of tumor types.
الإعلام كمنظومة لتطور اللغة، لغة صياغة الأخبار نموذجا
Authors: محمود عبدالخالق
Published: January 2025

البحث يتناول قضية لغوية هامة، وهي إشكالية تطور اللغة وتحولاتها المستمرة، والوقوف عند المستويات اللغوية التي يتم فيها التغير، والأشكال التي يتخذها هذا التغير، وبيان دور الإعلام كأداة في هذه العملية. وانطلق  البحث من فرضية أن الإعلام يلعب دورا أساسيا في عملية التغيير التي تحدث في جسد اللغة، وقام البحث باعتماد اللغة المستخدمة في تحرير الأخبار الصحفية نموذجا، لبيان مواطن التغيير التي تحصل في اللغة، فجاء البحث بعنوان (الإعلام كمنظومة لتطور اللغة، لغة صياغة الأخبار نموذجا)، ومؤلفا من جزئين: نظري وتطبيقي، بتحليل نماذج لأخبار صحفية يفصل بينها فترات زمنية طويلة، وتوصل البحث بعد التحليل والمقارنة إلى أن للإعلام دورا كبيرا في الحفاظ على ديمومة اللغات، من خلال التغيرات التي يقوم بها وعلى مستويات لغوية عديدة أبرزها المستويين التركيبي والدلالي المعجمي.
Unveiling midcrustal seismic activity at the front of the Bolivian altiplano, Cochabamba region
Authors: Fernandez M Gonzalo Antonio , Derode Benoit , Bollinger Laurent , Delouis Bertrand , Nieto Mayra , Condori Felipe , Sarret Nathan , Letort Jean , Godey Stephanie , Wimez Mathilde , Griffiths Teddy , Arce Walter
Published: January 2025

Located in the heart of the Bolivian orocline, the Cochabamba department and its two million inhabitants are exposed to frequent seismic activity. However, the tectonic structures causing these earthquakes remain poorly identified. Indeed, Bolivia’s national seismological network does not optimally cover the area and the hypocentral locations of local earthquakes are therefore subject to large uncertainties which hinder their association with specific faults. We established a regional network consisting of 11 broadband and short-period seismic stations, spaced approximately 20 km apart. This study highlights the initial 6-month seismic bulletin made by manual and automated deep-neural-network based seismic phase picking. We also test the network's ability to resolve focal mechanisms of moderate to small events with a combined inversion of waveforms and polarities. Our preliminary results document midcrustal microseismicity located in the Main Thrust fault shear zone, and in its hangingwall, in a region affected by tectonic slivers and transverse faults impacting the sedimentary cover. These outcomes provide fresh insights into the fault system’s seismogenic behavior and potential across the Bolivian orocline.
THE CONCEPT OFOPERATIONAL TRUTH IN CONTEXT OF THE WESTERN AND EASTERN CULTURE AND PHILOSOPHY PARADIGMS
Authors: Biletsky Igor
Published: January 2025

The article proposes to introduce and analyze the concept of operational truth, its possibilities and prospects in the context of the paradigms of Western and Eastern philosophy. We define operational truth as one that does not pretend to be a reflection (or another way of representation) of reality, but prompts to the corresponding experience of reality or at least thinking, that is, as one that represents a certain stimulus, an impetus to the corresponding type of vision. As the most vivid example of this truth, we offer the instruction for no-thinking, the attainment of a state of thoughtlessness in meditation, an instruction that means primarily a state of concentration, in which no-thinking is rather a criterion of the depth of concentration during meditative sessions, rather than the renunciation of thinking as such. Examples of how the operational moment manifests itself in the theories of the free market and homo economicus are also analyzed; and a comparative analysis of operational truth in relation to pragmatic and instrumental truth theories and traditional operationalism in epistemology.

It is also proposed to analyze how operational truth works in Indian, Chinese, Ancient, Abrahamic and Modern scientific paradigms of thinking, in particular it is shown how the statement of Christian theology that God created the world and attributed to it the laws of operation (laws that are the laws of nature) becomes operational truth, on the basis of which the natural sciences develop in the future. It’s also shown how the ideas of reincarnation, samsara and liberation become an operational truth for the Indian paradigm, and the idea of ​​organismism an operational truth for the search for universal harmony in Chinese philosophy, and the value of agon-competition a basic operational truth in ancient Greek philosophy.
PRINCIPLES OF CLASSIFICATION OF CYBER ATTACKS LEGAL REGULATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kubanova N.B. , Serikova L.S.
Published: January 2025

The development of digital technologies leads to an increase in cyber threats, which requires a systematic approach to the classification of cyber attacks and appropriate legal regulation. As a result of the widespread use of the digital environment, traditional crimes have also moved into the digital space. Cyberattack is a growing threat worldwide. The threat of cyber attacks and data leaks is a major concern for governments, businesses and individuals. The purpose of the article is to study the principles of classification of cyber attacks and assessment of legal regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main focus is on identifying the main types of cyber attacks, their characteristics and classification methods, as well as analyzing current legislation in the field of cybersecurity in order to develop proposals for improving legal regulation in this area.
The relevance of this topic is due to the growing threats in cyberspace and the need to effectively counter cyber attacks. With the increase in the number of Internet users and the development of information technology, the likelihood of committing cybercrimes increases. Legal regulation in this area plays a key role in ensuring cybersecurity and protecting the rights of citizens and organizations. Assessment of the principles of classification of cyber attacks and analysis of legal regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan are of great practical importance for the development of effective measures to prevent and suppress cyber attacks. The analysis was carried out on the basis of an integrated approach, including a review of the literature, the study of methods of counteraction. Methods of formal classification of attacks were also used, taking into account various methods and levels of danger.
LEGAL COUNTERMEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL GUARANTEES IN THE SILK ROAD ECONOMIC BELT
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Fu T. , Altayeva K.Zh. , Zhailau Zh. , Abdilda D.A. , Yergobek Sh.K.
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the necessity and difficulties of environmental cooperation in the Silk Road Economic Belt based on the analysis of the ecological-environmental model of the Silk Road Economic Belt. On the basis of respecting the basic principles of international environmental law, solve environmental problems related to interests and common concerns, and jointly build the ecological civilization of the Silk Road.

Since the Silk Road Economic Belt was proposed over nine years ago, significant progress has been made in many areas. Despite the unpredictable impact of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt is still active. With the implementation of the construction strategy of the Silk Road Economic Belt, human activity in the territories along the route will obviously increase, and the pressure of industrialization and urbanization on the ecological environment will increase significantly. In the modern world, environmental protection and the pursuit of sustainable development have become the general trend of the development of advanced civilizations, and the threats to the fragile ecological environment in some areas cannot be ignored. It is necessary that all countries take proactive action, learn from the international community's existing models of environmental cooperation, create a win-win, open cooperation and exchange platform between countries with different levels of development, different cultural traditions and different resources, and carry out environmental cooperation to protect the environment. to the joint construction of an ecological civilization.
Impact of constituent development fund allocations on the performance of South Sulawesi provincial library and archives office
Authors: Hamudy Moh Ilham A , Annisa Mutiara Lulu , Rifki M S
Published: January 2025

The decision of the South Sulawesi Provincial Government to suspend the Regional House of Representatives grant, known as the Constituent Development Fund, adversely affected the programs and activities of the South Sulawesi Provincial Library and Archives Office. Budget allocation is a critical support of the achievement of the Community Literacy Development Index and Reading Interest Index. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the management of the Constituent Development Fund on the Library and Archives Office of South Sulawesi Province and provide solutions to address the problems related to the fund allocation. A mixture of descriptive and literature study methods was used, while a qualitative approach was used for data analysis. Analysis of the 2023 data shows that the South Sulawesi Provincial Library and Archives Office depends heavily on the Constituent Development Fund to finance its programs and activities. The library office had difficulty in reaching the targets of the Community Literacy Development Index and Reading Interest Level when the Constituent Development Fund was suspended and reallocated to pay the provincial government's debt. The budget uptake was inhibited, impacting on the execution of strategic programs that correlate to an increase in the human development index.
Governing the boundary: between socio-environmental vulnerability and state capacity in Temajuk Village, Indonesia
Authors: Indonesia Alfath Bagus Panuntun El Nur , Falarima Defila Priana , Khaidir Said , Surida Ari , MS Nur Muliasari , S Tara Charissa Oktavia
Published: January 2025

This research explored the challenges and solutions to governing Indonesian border areas, with a particular focused on Temajuk Village in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The research highlighted two critical issues: increased smuggling of illegal goods and socio-environmental vulnerabilities, particularly regarding the conservation of endangered sea turtles. The research identified systemic weaknesses, including inadequate state capacity, limited law enforcement and socio-economic disparity factors that exacerbate transnational challenges. The findings exposed potential national threats caused by geographic isolation, and porous borders that facilitate illicit activities, such as drug and alcoholic drinks smuggling, with serious social consequences, including youth delinquency, early marriage, declining education levels, and increased health risks, such as the spread of HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, unsustainable exploitation of sea turtles for cultural and economic purposes also threatens biodiversity. This article proposes a multifaceted strategy to address these interrelated issues, prioritizing effective border management, sustainable economic development, and strong community engagement. Strengthening institutional and individual capacities at the village level, improving law enforcement and encouraging cross-sectoral cooperation between village, district, provincial and national governments are essential. Highlighting the threats to Temajuk Village, this research promotes evidence-based local strategies that align national security with ecological and social well-being and offers insights into sustainable governance in border areas.
The quintuple helix innovation model: a pathway to sustainable development in marginalized rural communities
Authors: Marta Auradian , Febrina Rury , Asrida Wan , Amin Raja Muhammad , MS Zulfa Harirah.
Published: January 2025

This research is based on the empirical fact that there is an increase in the status of villages from the majority of Underdeveloped and Very Underdeveloped Villages in 2022 to Developed Villages in 2023. This research focuses on discussing the development of very underdeveloped villages in Kampar Regency in the perspective of the quintuple helix, with the characteristics of wetland areas and conservation areas that have their own challenges in village development. This research is included in the qualitative approach with the type of phenomenology. The results of this study are based on the quintuple helix model which shows the cooperation of 5 (five) important actors, namely the state (government), private sector, academics, media, and the community as well as support from the natural environment in the village. Quintuple Helix, in this study, visualizes collective interaction and knowledge exchange through five subsystems (helix): (1) the education system, (2) the economic system, (3) the natural environment, (4) the media and culture-based society (as well as civil society), (5) and the political system. It can be concluded that the quintuple helix framework in this study has involved many of the previously mentioned actors but has not provided a significant impact on village development, especially villages that were previously very underdeveloped in Kampar Kiri Hulu District, Kampar Regency.
Improving village information systems for sustainable development in Karawang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Aryani Lina , Kusumaningrum Rastri
Published: January 2025

The village information system is a critical factor in rural development. The information system allows the government to accurately identify the direction of village development, in accordance with the needs and resources of the village. This research aims to examine and analyze the dimensions that affect the implementation and development of village information systems, as one of the village government's tools in realizing Sustainable Development Goals.  This research used a case study approach with qualitative methods, where data was collected through documentation, observation, and interview techniques. The results identified many challenges in the implementation of village information systems in Karawang Regency, such as the lack of regulations at the local level, limited human resource capacity, less information technology infrastructure, and suboptimal performance of pilot applications. Based on these findings, strategic policy recommendations for improvement include formulating local regulations, investing in technology infrastructure, training and developing human resources. This research has positive implications for the application of village-based information systems in realizing the Village SDGs in Karawang.
A Multifuncionalidade dos Serviços Ecossistêmicos no bioma Caatinga: conservação e sustentabilidade
Authors: De Queiroz Niko Kavouras Elpida Andréia , De Andrade Meireles Antonio Jeovah
Published: January 2025

Este artigo investiga a importância dos Serviços Ecossistêmicos (SE) fornecidos pela Caatinga. Este bioma apresenta uma rica biodiversidade e é essencial para a subsistência de diversas comunidades, mas enfrenta crescentes desafios devido ao aumento da degradação ambiental, causados pela exploração insustentável de seus recursos e os efeitos das mudanças climáticas. A preservação da Caatinga emerge como estratégica para a resiliência dos ecossistemas locais, com isso, torna-se essencial compreender os SE fornecidos por esse bioma. Diante disso, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é realizar uma revisão bibliográfica detalhada para identificar e categorizar os Serviços Ecossistêmicos conhecidos e relatados na Caatinga, avaliando sua importância na conservação e no desenvolvimento sustentável do bioma. Utilizando uma Revisão Integrativa como metodologia, o estudo selecionou 18 pesquisas relevantes, aplicando critérios rigorosos de inclusão e exclusão. Os resultados demonstram a existência de uma ampla gama de SE na Caatinga, incluindo serviços de provisão, regulação e culturais, enfatizando a multifuncionalidade do bioma e seu papel vital no apoio às comunidades locais e na conservação do equilíbrio ecológico. Esta análise contribui para o entendimento dos SE em regiões semiáridas e aponta para estratégias de conservação sustentáveis.
A gênese da Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia (UFOB): disputas políticas, concertação interinstitucional e missão.
Authors: Neves de Souza Laumar , Bastos Cunha Filho Valter , De Andrade Spinola Carolina , Bagattini Portella Roberto
Published: January 2025

O objetivo desta investigação é historiar o processo de criação da Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia (UFOB), de modo a identificar as possíveis lutas políticas que foram travadas em torno dessa ocorrência, a concertação que teve que ser costurada para que ela viesse a termo, bem como os nortes que serviram de balizadores para que a sua missão institucional fosse desenhada. Para levá-la adiante se recorreu fundamentalmente à realização de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Ao menos duas coisas chamaram por demais a atenção no processo de gestação da referida universidade: 1) o empenho efetivo de grande parte dos atores e instituições envolvidos para que a Bahia ganhasse esse equipamento público de educação, em que pese a existência de conflitos de interesse, que precisaram, evidentemente, ser apaziguados; e 2) a perspectiva redentora que ele envolveu, na medida em que trazia esperança da chegada de um novo tempo.
Riesgo de Erosión por Intensidad y Frecuencia de Pastoreo en Agostadero Bajo Cuatro Condiciones de Manejo en el Altiplano Mexicano
Authors: Delgado-Padierna Ariadna Quetzal , Negrete-Sánchez Luis Octavio , Rendón-Huerta Juan Antonio , García-López Juan Carlos , Lee-Rangel Héctor Aarón , Álvarez-Fuentes Gregorio , Castro-Rivera Rigoberto
Published: January 2025

Los agostaderos son los sitios de alimentación del ganado mediante vegetación espontánea. En el altiplano mexicano, 95% de los ejidos y 80% de los ranchos privados registran sobrepastoreo severo y generalizado en sus agostaderos. Con el intento de revertirlo, el objetivo del presente estudio es comparar como impactan la intensidad y frecuencia del pastoreo de diversas especies animales a la condición de agostadero. Por otro lado, es inherente el grado de riesgo a erosión derivado del sobrepastoreo en cuatro unidades de producción ganadera colindantes entre sí, en un mismo sitio de agostadero compartido, pero con distinto aprovechamiento individual. Se compararon un ejido, un rancho privado pastoreado por ovejas durante más de 60 años, y dos porciones de otro rancho privado, una excluida al pastoreo por más de 10 años y otra aprovechada mediante bovinos para producción de carne. De cada unidad de producción se evaluaron sus atributos estructurales y funcionales de la vegetación y cobertura actual del suelo mediante cuatro transectos con el método de cuadrantes centrados en un punto. Se analizaron los resultados del diámetro basal de las plantas perennes presentes según su calidad forrajera, y las porciones de suelo desnudo, cubierto con vegetación, mantillo, heces y piedras con un diseño experimental completamente aleatorio. Además, con análisis multivariable se ordenó y clasificó una matriz de 16 variables de vegetación y suelo evaluadas × 16 transectos estudiados, para determinar la condición de agostadero y el inherente grado de riesgo a erosión. La secciones excluida y destinada al pastoreo con bovinos en el rancho privado registraron la mejor condición de agostadero y el menor riesgo a erosión. La composición botánica de origen idéntica en las cuatro unidades de producción es ya distinta, y diversas plantas forrajeras ya no existen ni en el ejido, ni en el rancho borreguero por su baja tolerancia al pastoreo.
Micromorfología de los Procesos Pedogenéticos y Sedimentarios en el Yacimiento Paleontológico de Tocuila, Texcoco, México
Authors: Ortega-Mikolaev Ygor Manuel , Gutiérrez-Castorena Ma. del Carmen , Ortiz-Solorio Carlos Alberto , Gutiérrez-Castorena Edgar Vladimir , Galván-Escobedo Iris Grisel , Arroyo-Cabrales Joaquín , Morett-Alatorre Luis
Published: January 2025

Se presenta un registro comparativo de diferentes parámetros y variables de horizontes pedológicos del Pleistoceno en la ribera del ex lago de Texcoco, donde se muestran características diferentes de procesos de sedimentación y pedogenéticos. De acuerdo con los procesos sedimentarios se apreciaron los de origen lacustre, palustre, aluvial como eólicos y pedogénesis asociada con pedoturbación física y biológica, gleyzación, iluviación, rasgos calcíticos (oolitos) y carbonatación. Estas variaciones responden a parámetros químicos contrastantes, conductividad eléctrica (C.E.) con rangos entre 6.3 a 54 mS cm-1, que indican oscilaciones de concentraciones salinas, con predominio de procesos de evaporación, y fenómenos de ascensión capilar. Valores de pH, con predominio de valores alcalinos, aunque también hubo valores neutros y ácidos. Los contenidos de carbonatos oscilaron entre 3.04% y 44.51%. Las clases texturales mostraron granulometrías francas con presencia de discontinuidades litológicas integradas por paleosuelos y sílice biogénica. Las características micromorfológicas corresponden a fábricas birrefringentes (cristalítica e indiferenciada). Los rasgos micromorfológicos son lacustres (oolitos, microorganismos opalinos), biológicos (diatomeas, sílice biogénica), edáficos (calcíticos, fierro/manganeso y revestimientos arcillosos), que reflejan cambios de clima (secos-húmedos), procesos erosivos de ahí el bajo ordenamiento de las partículas finas, pero sin clastos más grandes. La fauna pleistocénica usó como nicho un ambiente entre lacustre como palustre, y por las propiedades estudiadas, indican que los restos fosilíferos no fueron arrastrados de fuentes fluviales distantes o de tipo lahar.
Estudio Etnoedafológico del Ejido San Juan y San Agustín en Jocotitlán, Estado de México
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Georgina , Ortiz-Solorio Carlos Alberto , Gutiérrez-Castorena Ma. del Carmen , Ordaz-Chaparro Víctor Manuel , Licona-Vargas Atenógenes Leobardo
Published: January 2025

El enfoque etnoedafológico es relevante, primero, porque se rescata el conocimiento local ancestral sobre el suelo y demás recursos relacionados, tanto para diferenciar y evaluar las tierras/suelos de un área, como para reconocer la veracidad de las opiniones del agricultor sobre la calidad del suelo, sus propiedades y características, así como de las prácticas agrícolas y su organización para el aprovechamiento del agua. Los agricultores del ejido San Juan y San Agustín, Jocotitlán, Estado de México clasifican a sus tierras en cinco tipos: barro (Vertisols), blanca (Umbrisols), revuelta (Phaeozems), colorada (Cambisols) y tepetate (Regosols) con base en su textura, color, contenido de humedad y porosidad. La tierra barro la definen como la de mejor calidad cuando las condiciones climáticas son óptimas; sin embargo, dado el comportamiento del clima en los últimos años, las tierras blanca y colorada son también una buena opción. Los agricultores indican que la principal limitación, para la producción en todas sus tierras, es la disminución de la precipitación; además, consideran importante el trabajo dedicado en la labranza y el recurso económico invertido para tener una idea del rendimiento promedio de cada clase de tierra. Científicamente se encontraron discrepancias con la clasificación reportada por instituciones oficiales en cuanto a grupos de suelo, así como los datos sobre los usos del suelo y la vegetación. Considerando que, por el nivel de detalle y la importancia del conocimiento local, resulta recomendable considerarlo en la planeación del desarrollo del sector agrícola.
El aula va al cine: tres perspectivas y una didactica específica
Authors:   Universitaria Agustiniana, Rojas Cervantes Darío Enrique , Jaramillo Gutiérrez María Angélica ,   Universitaria Agustiniana, Aros Alvarado Andrés Mauricio ,   Universitaria Agustiniana
Published: January 2025

Este libro ofrece una propuesta de organización de los recursos, los escenarios y las acciones para la enseñanza de la realización cinematográfica en clave pedagógica. La reflexión continua sobre los saberes, los contextos y los sujetos involucrados en los escenarios educativos permitirá el fortalecimiento de las estrategias, entendidas como esquemas de procesamiento de la información en las etapas y los roles específicos del cine. Para el establecimiento de estas estrategias, el escrito delimita y caracteriza el saber cinematográfico desde tres relaciones: el cine y la educación, el cine y la pedagogía y el cine y la didáctica, identificadas en la valoración y el contraste de experiencias docentes de quienes imparten los saberes del oficio cinematográfico. Así, el cuerpo de este libro abarca tres perspectivas del panorama de la enseñanza del cine y una propuesta didáctica específica organizadas en cuatro capítulos.
Enhancing User Differentiation in the Electronic Personal Synthesis Behavior (EPSBV01) Algorithm by Adopting the Time Series Analysis
Authors: Shakir Mohanaad
Published: January 2025

The progress of contemporary technology has rendered information systems essential in our everyday existence, underscoring the crucial necessity to safeguard information security and privacy. In password authentication, the Electronic Personal Synthesis Behaviour (EPSB) heightens the accuracy of authorizing an authenticated user based on three parameters: EPSBERROR, EPSBTime, and EPSBStyle. EPSBTime suffers from a lack of indicators associated with the legitimate user; containing only six indicators, there arose the need to adopt methods for generating additional reliable indicators by analyzing old indicators and generating new indicators related to the legitimate user. Therefore, this study aims to test the impact of adopting time series analysis in the EPSB time indicator on improving the differentiation of user legitimacy in the case of password-stolen attacks. The research methodology, which involves analyzing and evaluating existing authentication methods in web-based systems, is a key component of this study. The study is divided into stages, with the first phase focusing on enhancing the existing EPSB model, the second phase implementing EPSBalgorithmV01, and the final stage ensuring validation. Thus, two preliminary experiments were conducted with 22 users from January 13 to February 1, 2024. The final phase involved comparing EPSBV01's accuracy in determining unauthorized users before and after using the ARIMA method. Thus, the EPSBV01algorithm successfully identified 17 unauthorized users during a stolen password attack simulation, outperforming the normal EPSB by 22.73%. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-014 Full Text: PDF
Invisible Scout: A Layer 2 Anomaly System for Detecting Rogue Access Point (RAP)
Authors: Arisandi Diki , Ahmad Nazrul M. , Kannan Subarmaniam
Published: January 2025

Rogue Access Points (RAPs) pose a significant security threat by mimicking legitimate Wi-Fi networks and potentially compromising sensitive data. To address this issue, this research has proposed an innovative mechanism called Invisible Scout, which uses a multi-module system to identify RAPs. This study aimed to develop and validate a mechanism capable of accurately detecting RAPs in controlled setups, real-world environments, and under de-authentication attack scenarios. The proposed system consists of four key modules: sniffer, detection, probing, and comparison. To evaluate its effectiveness, tests were conducted in controlled and open environments and under de-authentication scenarios, using decision tree models and various metrics to assess performance. The decision tree model showed promising results in the controlled setup, achieving an Area Under the Curve (AUC) score of 0.921 and classification accuracy (CA) of 0.875, indicating that the model effectively distinguished between legitimate access points and RAPs. When tested in an open environment, the model's performance improved, achieving an AUC score of 0.952 and a CA of 0.994. Furthermore, under a de-authentication attack, the model achieved an AUC score of 0.955 and a CA of 0.996. To gain a deeper understanding of RAP behaviors, linear regression analysis was conducted, revealing patterns and visualizing the existence of RAPs, which could assist in further analysis. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that the proposed mechanism was highly effective in identifying RAPs. Future research should focus on refining the detection mechanism, incorporating real-time response capabilities, and expanding testing to diverse network scenarios. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-016 Full Text: PDF
Safety evaluation of changed use levels of the food enzyme triacylglycerol lipase from the non‐genetically modified Limtongozyma cylindracea strain AE‐LAYH (B)
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Food Enzymes (FEZ), Zorn Holger , Barat Baviera José Manuel , Bolognesi Claudia , Catania Francesco , Gadermaier Gabriele , Greiner Ralf , Mayo Baltasar , Mortensen Alicja , Roos Yrjö Henrik , Solano Marize L. M. , Sramkova Monika , Van Loveren Henk , Vernis Laurence , de Nijs Roos Anna , Andryszkiewicz Magdalena , Cavanna Daniele , Liu Yi
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The food enzyme triacylglycerol lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase; EC 3.1.1.3) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Limtongozyma cylindracea strain AE‐LAYH (B) by Amano Enzyme Inc. A safety evaluation of this food enzyme was made previously, in which EFSA concluded that this food enzyme did not give rise to safety concerns when used in six food manufacturing processes. Subsequently, the applicant has requested to revise the use levels for three food manufacturing processes. In this assessment, EFSA updated the dietary exposure assessment of this food enzyme when used in six food manufacturing processes at the revised use levels. As the food enzyme–total organic solids (TOS) are removed from the final foods in one food manufacturing process, the dietary exposure to the food enzyme–TOS was estimated for the remaining five processes. It was calculated to be up to 0.220 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day in European populations. Based on the new data, the revised exposure estimation and the previous evaluation, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the revised intended conditions of use.
Az EUFOR ALTHEA misszió forgószárnyas légimentésének légi kiürítő képességének megteremtéséről
Authors: Kiss Attila , Dobos Attila , Péter Ádám , Zsíros Éva
Published: January 2025

A 2024-es EUFOR ALTHEA misszióra történő felkészülés a Magyar Honvédség Egészségügyi Központot (MH EK) is új kihívások elé állította. A parancsnoki év során előírás, hogy a vezető nemzet biztosítson légimentő, egészségügyi légi kiürítő képességet elsősorban a misszióban részt vevő nemzetközi katonai közösség, másodsorban civil sérültek számára. A Magyar Honvédségben ez idáig ilyen képesség nem állt rendelkezésre. A közvetlen katona-egészségügyi felkészítés a Magyar Légimentő Nonprofit Kft.-vel szoros együttműködésben történt, kiváló példát szolgáltatva a közvetlen civil–katonai együttműködésre. A szakmai felkészítésen túl az egészségügyi felszerelések kialakítása, az előírt csörlőzési képességre történő felkészülés is feladat volt, melyet a Magyar Honvédség Egészségügyi Központ a Magyar Honvédség Kiss József 86. Helikopterdandárral együttműködésben végzett el. A szakmai képzéseket, gyakorlatokat követően az EUFOR ALTHEA missziós munkavégzés igazolta, hogy a Magyar Honvédség sikerrel teremtett meg egy új képességet, mely elsősorban békeműveletek során, adott esetben pedig hazai környezetben is alkalmazható lesz.
Kutató-mentő helikopter VR-alapú egészségügyi oktató alkalmazása
Authors: Fejes Zsolt Dezső , Pitlik László , Rikk János , Szűcs Diána , Túri Péter , Budaházy Szabolcs
Published: January 2025

Az egészségügyi repülés (akár civil, akár katonai) két önállóan is komoly szakmaiságot képviselő terület mindennapi együttműködését jelenti. A repülésben jogszabályi kötelezettség, hogy folyamatos képzéseken, szimulált tréningeken kell részt venni, míg az egészségügyben ezek a továbbképzések, tréningek – bár már évek óta jelen vannak – egyelőre leginkább még csak a szolgáltatók, a képzőhelyek szándékán és szakmai elköteleződésén múlnak. Különösen igaz ez a VR/AR-alapú képzésekre, amiben az egészségügyi szakma egyelőre érezhetően le van maradva a légi közlekedéstől. A fejlesztés alapját egy légimentésben jártas szakember tapasztalata és egy már elkészült alap VR-megoldás adta. A VR-fejlesztést végző cég, a légimentő szakember és a Magyar Honvédség Egészségügyi Központ (MH EK) között 2023-ban kezdődött el a párbeszéd, majd együttműködés indult meg, amelynek eredményeit és jövőbeni lehetőségeit kívánja bemutatni a cikk.
Légzésfunkciós eltérések súlyos fokú alvási apnoés betegek esetén
Authors: Nagy Attila
Published: January 2025

Légzésfunkciós eltéréseket számos betegség okozhat. Ezek közül kiemelkedik az asztma bronchiale, valamint a krónikus obstruktív tüdőbetegség (COPD), amelyeket légúti obstrukció jellemez. Globális szinten az asztma bronchiale prevalencia 5–10%, a COPD-prevalencia 2–10%. Az obstuktív alvási apnoe szindróma (OSAS) olyan alvásfüggő légzészavar, amely során a felső légút elzáródása következtében az alvó tíz másodpercet meghaladó ideig nem kap levegőt. A betegség súlyossági fokát az apnoe-hipapnoe index (AHI index) segítségével határozzuk meg, amely megmutatja a légzészavarok számát egy alvással töltött óra alatt. Ha ez az érték 30 felett van, akkor súlyos fokú alvásiapnoe-szindrómáról beszélünk. Jelen tanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogy a súlyos fokú alvási apnoés betegek körében milyen gyakoriak a spirometriával mérhető eltérések. A szerzők kutatása kimutatta, hogy az ezen kórképben szenvedők jelentős részének volt légzésfunkciós eltérése (40,06%), amely közül az obstruktív ventilációs zavar fordult elő leggyakrabban (22,89%). Ez az előfordulási gyakoriság magasabb a populációs átlagnál, a dohányzás pedig magasabb rizikófaktort jelentett a kialakulásánál (28,7%). Az alvásiapnoe-szindróma diagnosztizálása és kezelése hosszú távon légzésfunkciós értékek javulásával és az ebből eredő egészségügyi kockázat csökkentésével is járhat.
Analysis of Antioxidant and Prebiotic Properties of selected seed extracts for Potential Nutraceutical Applications
Authors: Behera Jayashri , Sarkar Ashish
Published: January 2025

This research evaluates the antioxidant and prebiotic potentials of the seed extracts obtained from Cucumis melo (musk melon), Punica granatum (pomegranate) and Linum usitatissimum (flax seeds) with a view of establishing nutraceutical functionality. Some of the merit making activities included preparation and characterization of the seed powders, physical characteristics, proximate composition and determination of antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. Furthermore, the ability of seed extracts to support the growth of beneficial bacterial strain was checked using Lactobacillus Acidophilus ATCC 4356 and Bifidobacterium bifidum ATTC 29521. The outcomes suggested that the seed powders’ combination held higher antioxidant activity than the seed powders alone and had substantial prebiotic functionality even superior to that of chicory powder well-known as a prebiotic. Based on the findings of this study, the seed extracts have immense potential to be used in the formulation of functional food-utritional supplements with antioxidant and prebiotic characteristics.
Importance of Skill Development and Training in the Vocationalization of Education
Authors: David Jyoti , Baxi Usha
Published: January 2025

Training in vocational fields, such as construction or manufacturing, is a critical part of our educational strategy. The objective of the study is to examine the current vocational education, training, and skill development sector regulatory system, extent of future work in Ranchi Jharkhand’s area of vocational education, training, and skill development. Questionnaires and structured interviews are used to gather data in surveys. It is possible to will be collect data in two ways: first, will be using original data, and second, will be using secondary data collected from other sources. Both types of data will be essential for the study's completion and to arrive at an impartial result and they will be being utilized. The researcher spent over two or three years digging into the topic of Vocational Training and Development, finding issues with administration, regulations, plans, policies, and standards as well as with governance and regulation.
Some New Time and Cost-Efficient Quadrature Formulas to Compute Integrals Using Derivatives with Error Analysis
Authors: Noolla Swapna , Vats Abha
Published: January 2025

Computational mathematics relies heavily on numerical integration, which has many scientific and engineering-related applications. For functions with complicated derivatives in particular, traditional quadrature formulae, while effective, may need substantial processing resources. An innovative method for efficient quadrature formulae that use derivatives for better accuracy and less computing work is presented in this study. Rigid derivation guarantees mathematical correctness and practical usability of the presented approaches. To test how well these formulae hold up under different circumstances, we run them through a thorough error analysis. Research shows that new approaches are more efficient and accurate than traditional ones, making them a good fit for high-precision real-world applications. We go over some of the possible uses and constraints of these approaches, as well as some suggestions for where the field may go from here in terms of improving their use in various computational contexts.
Role of Communication Skills in Facilitating Transformational Leadership in the Indian Workplace
Authors: D Vinod Kumar , Bora Rustam
Published: January 2025

The role of communication skills in facilitating transformational leadership in the Indian workplace is a critical area of study, given the unique cultural, economic, and social dynamics of India. Transformational leadership, characterized by the ability to inspire, motivate, and foster innovation among employees, relies heavily on effective communication. This abstract explores how communication skills contribute to the success of transformational leaders in the Indian context. In the Indian workplace, which is marked by diverse languages, hierarchical structures, and a collectivist culture, communication becomes a pivotal tool for leaders to connect with their teams. Effective communication skills enable leaders to articulate a clear vision, foster trust, and encourage a collaborative environment. These skills include active listening, emotional intelligence, cultural sensitivity, and the ability to provide constructive feedback. The study examines various dimensions of communication, such as verbal and non-verbal communication, the use of technology-mediated communication, and the importance of bilingual or multilingual proficiency. It also highlights the challenges faced by leaders in overcoming communication barriers and suggests strategies for improvement. Empirical evidence from Indian organizations indicates that leaders who excel in communication are more successful in driving organizational change, enhancing employee engagement, and achieving high performance. The findings underscore the need for leadership development programs in India to prioritize communication skills training.
Addressing Buyer Concerns and Effective Sales Strategies in Retail
Authors: Indoria Rajeev Kumar , Pandagre Mahadeo , Singh Lokendra Vikram
Published: January 2025

This paper explores various strategies and techniques that retailers use to mitigate buyer resistance and enhance sales effectiveness. It examines methods such as product demonstrations, trial offers, and leveraging third-party testimonials to address consumer hesitations. The paper underscores the importance of understanding buyer concerns related to need, product specifics, sources, pricing, and timing to craft effective sales approaches. Additionally, it discusses the evolving retail landscape, emphasizing the critical role of loyalty programs in fostering consumer retention and encouraging repeat purchases. It also highlights the negotiation process as a tool for building strategic customer relationships and adapting to competitive pressures. Consumer buying behavior, including decision-making stages and factors influencing complex choices, is explored to provide retailers with practical solutions to enhance customer engagement and drive market success.