bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accountability and governance in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals in a developing country context: evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Lauwo Sarah George , Azure John De-Clerk , Hopper Trevor
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper examines the accountability and governance mechanisms and the challenges in a multi-stakeholder partnership seeking to implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in a developing country (DC), namely Tanzania.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on work on the shift from government to governance to meta-governance to examine the SDGs framework's governance regime. The data stems from documentation, focussed group discussions and face-to-face interviews with key stakeholders involved in the localisation of SDGs in Tanzania.

Findings

Despite the emphasis given by promoters of SDGs on the need for multi-stakeholder engagement, and network and market-based governance, Tanzania's hierarchical governance framed in national legislations dominated the localisation of the SDGs. The national-level meta-governance structures were somewhat dysfunctional, partly due to a lack of well-designed coordination mechanisms for collaborative engagement with key stakeholders. The limited involvement of different meta-governors, and particularly network and market-based governance arrangements, has had severe implications for achieving the SDGs in DCs in general and Tanzania, in particular.

Practical implications

The paper calls for a more explicit SDG policy and strategy, alongside strengthening institutional structures and related governance arrangements in Tanzania, to promote the realisation of the SDGs. For the SDGs framework to succeed, the authors suggest that, in addition to adopting SDG friendly policies, the Tanzanian government should devise plans for financial resources, strategies for empowering and engaging with key stakeholders and promote an integrative governance system that underpins accountability at the local level.

Originality/value

Focussing on Tanzania, the paper sheds light on how context in DCs, interactions between state and non-state actors, modes of governance and accountability mechanisms shape the localisation of SDGs and realising the SDGs' agenda. The implementation in Tanzania focussed on priorities in the development plan, thereby neglecting some important SDGs. This raises doubts about the possibility of meeting the SDGs by 2030. The localisation of SDGs remained within the top-down governance structure, as Tanzania's government failed to enact the policy and strategy for multi-stakeholder partnership consistent with the SDGs' principle of “leave no-one behind”. Consequently, meta-governors' efforts and ability to monitor and demand accountability from the government was constrained by the political context, the governance system and regulations enacted to side-line them.
Air crews’ mindfulness experiences: destination memories
Authors: Dutt Christopher S. , Ninov Ivan , Ninov Vida
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Airlines play a significant role in the international tourism system, yet research on airlines, notably air crew, is scant. Given the frequency with which air crew travel to destinations, understanding of their memories and experiences can have significant insights for destination marketing and management. Destination marketers could look at using air crew as marketing mediums or as potential customers. This study aims to understand the memories and experiences of air crew in destinations and the factors that influence them.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed methods survey was designed and distributed to 236 air crew of a Middle Eastern airline to explore what they remembered of destinations they visited what helped and hindered their ability to remember. The survey also assessed participants self-reported degree of mindfulness.

Findings

Results suggested that air crew determined themselves as mindful and had strong memories of the destination. Several notable hindrances were reported relating to their job; fatigue, short layovers and number of flights.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of the study is the relatively limited depth with which participants described their experiences. The results from the study add insight to tourism businesses and governments for considering air crew or leveraging air crew as marketing mediums. The generalisability and applicability of mindfulness in other contexts have been offered.

Originality/value

Little research has explored the experiences or memories of air crew nor the relation of mindfulness to service providers. This research is among the first to address this gap to add theoretical and practical insight to this area.
Value co-creation and new product development success: the moderating effect of structural empowerment
Authors: Wu Dong , Liu Tanfei , Wu Fei , Bai Wenxiao , Lin Xinyi
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to represent an empirical study of what role does structural empowerment play in the relationship between multi-stakeholder value co-creation (VCC) and the success of new product development (NPD).

Design/methodology/approach

The hypotheses developed in this paper are tested by using data from 243 manufacturing companies worldwide.

Findings

The results show that the VCC activities have significant positive effects on NPD success, and structural empowerment moderates the impact of VCC activities on NPD success, but the moderating effect is not significant for customer involvement.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the research of VCC and discusses the positive role of structural empowerment to enhance the impact of VCC activities on NPD success.
Are undergraduate students good proxies for HRM professionals? A comparison of responses in a hiring decision study
Authors: Clarke Heather M. , Arnold Kara A.
Published: January 2022

Purpose

There is a dearth of human resource management (HRM) literature examining the generalizability of research employing undergraduate student participants. The purpose of this study is to conduct an experiment to compare the job applicant evaluations and hiring decisions of undergraduate student participants with those of working adults with hiring experience.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employed a between-person 2 × 2 × 4 experimental design: participant group (undergraduate students or working adults with hiring experience) × job gender-type (male typed or female typed) × job applicant (heterosexual female, lesbian female, heterosexual male or gay male). Participants read descriptions of a job and a job applicant and then evaluated the applicant.

Findings

The results supported a moderated mediation model where participant group moderated the interaction of applicant gender and job gender-type in predicting perceptions of competence, which in turn predicted perceptions of person-job fit, likeability and respect-worthiness, which then predicted hiring decisions. Undergraduate student participants, but not working adults with hiring experience, evaluated female applicants applying for a male-typed job in a manner consistent with gender stereotypes and were less likely to hire the female applicant than the male applicant.

Originality/value

To inform HRM practice, research must reflect real-world decision-making. The literature on the roles of gender stereotypes and bias in hiring, and other important HRM decisions, relies heavily on undergraduate student participants. Findings of this study suggest a need to further examine whether those studies can be generalized to working adults actually making those decisions.
Marketing comes to its senses: a bibliometric review and integrated framework of sensory experience in marketing
Authors: Wörfel Philipp , Frentz Florentine , Tautu Caroline
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Sensory experience profoundly impacts consumer cognition and behavior. This paper aims to illuminate the structure and development of sensory and experiential marketing research, to condense knowledge and to stimulate future research.

Design/methodology/approach

In all, 156 articles with 9,670 references serve as this paper’s database. The factor analysis on co-citation patterns of the top-cited 148 articles reveals the main research streams. The social network analysis unveils the degree of intellectual exchange between and within these schools of thought. The authors also map the temporal emergence of research streams and condense insights into an overarching framework that guides future research.

Findings

Early research in experiential marketing and store atmospherics emphasized the importance of affective reactions. Grounded and embodied cognition revised the understanding of the role perception plays in cognition. These developments culminated in the now most central research stream of sensory marketing, which bridges other research streams.

Research limitations/implications

Although the research field is strongly interconnected, integration with other marketing disciplines potentially enriches the discourse.

Practical implications

This paper is useful for any reader who wants to gain a synthesized overview of the research field of sensory marketing. The framework presented in this paper can serve as a starting point for new sensory marketing research.

Originality/value

This paper offers a structured and unbiased account of sensory marketing and merges findings from diverse research backgrounds.
Research on the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid in an L-shaped chaotic channel
Authors: Wang Dan , Wei Yabing , Pan Kang , Li Jiagang , Jiao Miaoxin
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the effects of different volume fractions of Al2O3-water nanofluid on flow and heat transfer under chaotic convection conditions in an L-shaped channel, comparing the difference of numerical simulation results between single-phase and Eulerian–Lagrangian models.

Design/methodology/approach

The correctness and accuracy of the two calculation models were verified by comparing with the experimental values in literature. An experimental model of the L-shaped channel was processed, and the laser Doppler velocimeter was used to measure the velocities of special positions in the channel. The simulated values were compared with the experimental results, and the correctness and accuracy of the simulation method were verified.

Findings

The calculated results using the two models are basically consistent. Under the condition of Reynolds number is 500, when the volume fractions of nanofluid range from 1% to 4%, the heat transfer coefficients simulated by single-phase model are 1.49%–25.80% higher than that of pure water, and simulated by Eulerian–Lagrangian model are 3.19%–27.48% higher than that of pure water. Meanwhile, the friction coefficients are barely affected. Besides, there are obvious secondary flow caused by lateral oscillations on the cross sections, and the appearance of secondary flow makes the temperature distributions uniform on the cross section and takes more heat away, thus the heat transfer performance is enhanced.

Originality/value

The originality of this work is to reveal the differences between single-phase and two-phase numerical simulations under different flow states. The combination of chaotic convection and nanofluid indicates the direction for further improving the heat transfer threshold.
Are employee assistance programs helpful? A look at the consequences of abusive supervision on employee affective organizational commitment and general health
Authors: Wang I-An , Lin Hui-Ching , Lin Szu-Yin , Chen Pei-Chi
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Abusive supervision has been a prevalent issue in the workplace. This study aims to explore the consequences of abusive supervision on employee affective organizational commitment and general health in the hospitality industry and further explores the boundary conditions of employee assistance programs (EAPs).

Design/methodology/approach

The participants of this study were 231 frontline employees from the hospitality industry in Taiwan. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires from two time periods separated by a two-week interval. The data was analyzed using PROCESS macro for SPSS.

Findings

The findings from this study suggested that abusive supervision have negative impacts on both subordinates’ affective organizational commitment and general health. As expected, perceived effectiveness of EAPs moderated the relationship between perceived abusive supervision and affective organizational commitment, whereas the moderating effect of perceived effectiveness of EAPs on the relationship between abusive supervision and employee general health was not significant.

Practical implications

The results of this study showed that EAP practices can mitigate the negative effects of abusive supervision. It is expected to encourage managers in the hospitality industry to minimize or even prevent abusive supervision. Further, the authors suggest organizations implement specific strategies in their EAPs to assist employees in coping with the negative emotions accompanying abusive supervision.

Originality/value

This study offers empirical evidence that illustrates the importance of EAPs and how they may reduce the negative impacts of abusive supervision.
Praxis of knowledge-management and trust-based collaborative relationships in project delivery: mediating role of a project facilitator
Authors: Tokede Olubukola , Ahiaga-Dagbui Dominic , Morrison John
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Critical knowledge and lessons learnt from the delivery of infrastructure projects have often remained untapped mainly due to the transient and fragmented nature of construction delivery. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of a project facilitator in attenuating disruptions in knowledge flows during the delivery of an infrastructure project.

Design/methodology/approach

An inductive case-study method is employed in examining the mediating role of the facilitator in an infrastructure project. Content analysis was undertaken by coding the data derived from eight focus group interactions, 23 semi-structured interviews and 24 documentary sources from workshops using NVivo 12 plus.

Findings

(1) The project facilitator provided a coherent context to re-invent the narratives (i.e. behaviours and events) by creating a forum for understanding critical problems and stimulating constructive dialogue and intervention. (2) The project facilitator leveraged on both explicit and tacit knowledge within the team, leading to improvement in the proactive management of emergent technical, operational and behavioural challenges, and (3) The project facilitator sustained a valuable intervention in attenuating disruptions in knowledge flows for problem-solving, relationship-management, best-practice strategies, coaching and leadership, as well as reflexive practice.

Originality/value

The novelty of this research is that a facilitator is used as the “knowledge-broker” in a multi-party infrastructure delivery team assembled using a traditional lump-sum contract framework. Facilitators have only previously been used in collaborative contract environments like alliancing and partnering.
In-facility HIV peer-based rehabilitation programs’ role in linkage to care among persons transitioning from correctional to community-based HIV care in South Africa
Authors: Fernando Nimasha B. , Woznica Daniel M. , Mabuto Tonderai , Hoffmann Christopher J.
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This analysis aims to examine the role of pre-release, HIV-related, peer-based rehabilitation program attendance on post-release linkage to community-based HIV care in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

During a post-release linkage-to-care prospective study, participants from six correctional facilities who had an HIV-positive diagnosis and were taking anti-retroviral medications at release (N = 351) self-reported rehabilitation program participation. Linkage-to-care status 90 days post-release was verified by medical chart review.

Findings

In a binomial regression model, HIV-related, peer-based rehabilitation program attendance was insignificant (relative risk [RR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.8, 1.4], p-value = 0.7), but short-/long-term incarceration site (RR 1.5, 95% CI [1.0, 2.1], p-value = 0.04) and relationship status pre-incarceration (RR 1.9, 95% CI [1.0, 3.6], p-value = 0.05) were significantly associated with linkage to HIV care post-release.

Originality/value

Rehabilitation and peer-based HIV programs have had demonstrated benefit in other settings. Assessment of current programs may identify opportunities for improvement.
Effects of atmosphere on emotions and consumer behaviour at wineries
Authors: Sassenberg Anne-Marie , Sassenberg Cindy , Sassenberg Claudia , Heneghan Marie
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of atmosphere on consumer emotions and wine purchasing behaviours to assist winery management in the development and communication of a strong positioning strategy. Studies in retail have indicated the importance of atmosphere in relation to consumer emotions and behaviours. Until now, limited evidence has existed on how the three dimensions of atmosphere may influence consumers visiting wineries.

Design/methodology/approach

The study consisted of surveys conducted in two stages. The first survey (n = 170) explored the factors applied in this study, and the second survey (n = 377) analysed the relationship between the atmosphere, emotions and consumer purchasing behaviours at wineries.

Findings

Findings indicated that atmosphere at a winery has the potential to positively influence consumer emotions and wine purchasing behaviours. Live music and the natural environment were particularly formative of atmosphere and consumer emotions and their subsequent wine purchasing while visiting the winery. The distinction allowed this study to analyse factors important for consumers to increase the time they spent at the winery.

Research limitations/implications

The geographical location of the study is limited to one state in Australia.

Originality/value

In distinguishing between different consumer wine purchasing behaviours, drinking wine and buying wine, this paper contributed to three important intersectoral fields: wine tourism, atmosphere and consumer behaviour. Additional factors that contributed to consumer emotions and wine purchasing behaviours included live music and the natural environment at wineries.
Comovement of stock markets after the first COVID wave: a study into five most affected countries
Authors: Das Arindam , Gupta Arindam
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to look at the contemporaneous movement of the stock market indices of the five most COVID-infected countries, namely, the USA, Brazil, Russia, India and UK after the first wave along with market indices of the three least affected countries, namely, Hong Kong, South Korea and New Zealand during the first wave.

Design/methodology/approach

Data have been collected from the website of Yahoo finance on daily closing values of five indices. Augmented Dickey–Fuller test with its three forms has been applied to check the stationarity of the select five indices at the level and at the first difference before the pandemic, during the pandemic and post-first wave of the pandemic. Johansen cointegration test is applied to find out that there is no cointegration among the select five indices.

Findings

The five countries do neither fall in the same economic and political zone nor do they have the same economic status. But during the period of pandemic and the new-normal period, the cointegration is very distinct. The developing and developed nations thus stood at an indifferentiable stage of the economic crisis which is well reflected in their stock markets. However, the least three COVID-affected countries do not show any cointegration during the pandemic time.

Originality/value

The comovement even seen during the normal time in the other studies is not compared to a similar period in earlier years. But, in this study to look into the exclusive effect of COVID pandemic, the period most affected with it is compared with the period after it and that in the immediate past year had no effect.
Behavioural consequences of verbally expressed and unexpressed customer rage emotions
Authors: Awasthi Ashwini K. , Kumar Vineet
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to distinguish those emotions which customers express verbally during a failed remote service encounter from those which they do not. The study further attempts to investigate the post-consumption customer behaviour of verbally expressed and unexpressed negative customer emotions.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used a survey-based research design. The hypotheses were tested through the “partial least squared structural equation modelling” method.

Findings

This study shows that in a failed remote service encounter, customers verbally express retaliatory rage emotions, such as anger and rage. At the same time, they are able to suppress rancorous rage emotions, such as disgust and contempt and do not express them verbally. The authors demonstrate that after emotions are verbally expressed during a failed remote service encounter, they are followed by the post-consumption behaviours of negative word of mouth and revenge; when emotions are not expressed verbally during a failed service encounter, they are followed up by exit behaviour.

Research limitations/implications

The effects of variables, such as switching costs and individual and situational factors, can be investigated in the model. Future studies can also explore the role of organizational interventions, such as explanation and apology, on negative customer emotions during failed remote service encounters. Their moderating impact on customer behaviour during and after the encounters can be investigated.

Practical implications

This study has much practical relevance in the post-COVID-19 world, where remote service delivery is becoming the new normal in many sectors. In remote service delivery situations, verbally unexpressed negative emotions can remain undetected; however, they have negative consequences for firms. This study underscores the need to train frontline employees to notice these unexpressed emotions so that service recoveries can be initiated.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the area of dysfunctional customer behaviour and service recovery. The existing literature has not explored whether some negative emotions are expressed during a failed service encounter and then acted upon later, and some emotions are not expressed but acted upon later. This study addresses the problem of firms getting caught unawares when they find customers resorting to undesirable post-consumption behaviour without demonstrating any verbal expressions during the preceding failed service encounters.
Impact of personality traits on financial planning: an empirical evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ghaffar Jawad Abdul , Khattak Muhammad Sualeh , Shah Tazeem Ali , Jehangir Mahad
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study examines the role of the big five personality traits: conscientiousness, openness, extroversion, neuroticism and agreeableness in financial planning.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design is a quantitative approach. The study has used structured questionnaires to collect data from 403 business students. The hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling using AMOS.

Findings

The findings revealed that extroversion of personality traits have a significant negative influence on financial planning, neuroticism and conscious personalities have a significant positive effect on financial planning. However, two personality traits, namely openness and agreeableness, have no significant influence on financial planning. The study confirmed that out of five, three personality traits have significant impact on financial planning.

Research limitations/implications

The results suggest that all personality traits do not influence financial planning among students. Financial planning is deemed an essential decision in life. Although some people are very conscious about their future expenditures, others are not much concerned. Based on the findings, this study recommends that policymakers may conduct workshops and arrange seminars and conferences for the promotion of financial planning and individual's financial well-being. The government needs to promote financial education that can directly and indirectly enhance the saving planning capabilities of the people.

Practical implications

The results suggest that not all personality traits facilitate financial planning. Financial planning is deemed as a crucial decision in life. Some students are very conscious about their future expenditures, while others are not much concerned. This study recommends that policymakers conduct workshops and arrange seminars and conferences to promote financial planning and individuals' financial well-being. The government of Pakistan needs to promote financial education that can, directly and indirectly, enhance the savings and planning capabilities of the students.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the personality literature, the theory of planned behavior and the life cycle theory by testing the model based on empirical evidence. The current study is the first to focus on the role of the big five personality traits in financial planning among students in Pakistan, an emerging economy.
Cold plasma for the disinfection of industrial food‐contact surfaces: An overview of current status and opportunities
Authors: Katsigiannis Andreas S. , Bayliss Danny L. , Walsh James L.
Published: January 2022

Food safety is the primary goal for food and drink manufacturers. Cleaning and disinfection practices applied to the processing environment are vital to maintain this safety; yet, current approaches can incur costly downtime and the potential for microorganisms to grow and establish, if not effectively removed. For that reason, manufacturers are seeking nonthermal, online, and continuous disinfection processes to control the microbial levels within the processing environment. One such emerging technique, with great potential, is cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP). This review presents the latest advances and challenges associated with CAP‐based technologies for the decontamination of surfaces and equipment found within the food‐processing environment. It provides a detailed overview of the technology and a comprehensive analysis of the many CAP‐based antimicrobial studies on food‐contact surfaces and materials. As CAP is considered an emerging technique, many of the recent studies are still in the preliminary stages, with results obtained under widely different conditions. This lack of cohesive information and an inability to directly compare CAP systems has greatly impeded technological development. The review further explores the challenge of scaling CAP technology to meet industry needs, considering aspects such as regulatory constraints, environmental credentials, and cost of use. Finally, a discussion is presented on the future outlook for CAP technology in this area, identifying key challenges that must be addressed to promote industry uptake.
Medical Research, Data Sharing, and Properly Informed Consent
Authors: Bird Sheila M.
Published: January 2022

When Sheila M. Bird agreed to participate in a Covid surveillance study, she did not realise her negative test result and personal details would be passed to NHS Test and Trace. Here, she calls for closer scrutiny of privacy policies by research ethics committees, and clearer communication with study participants
Microscopium Statisticum and the Etymology of Statistics
Authors: Ferguson Wallace
Published: January 2022

Wallace Ferguson delves into a 350-year-old text to understand its place in the history and development of “statistics” as we know it
Editorial
Authors: Tarran Brian
Published: January 2022

New year, new questions
Effect of seed coat microstructure and lipid composition on the hydration behavior and kinetics of two red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties
Authors: Devkota Lavaraj , He Lizhong , Midgley Jocelyn , Haritos Victoria S.
Published: January 2022

Bean hydration is a crucial, yet complex process affected both by inherent bean properties (intrinsic) and properties of the soak medium (extrinsic) whose relationship with hydration kinetics are not clear. This work investigated the effect of temperature (30–80°C) on the hydration behavior and kinetics of two commonly consumed Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans—red kidney and small red beans. Both beans have similar morphology (except size), chemical composition and seed coat surface structure but, surprisingly, their hydration behaviors differed markedly. Small red hydration followed a sigmoidal shape (to 70°C) with a prominent lag phase at 30–40°C, while fast hydrating red kidney beans followed a downward concave shape, suggesting different mechanisms of water uptake. The hydration behaviors for red kidney and small red beans were modeled using Peleg (R2 ≥0.97) and sigmoidal (R2 ≥0.99) models, respectively. Water uptake rate increased, while equilibrium moisture content decreased for both bean varieties with increasing temperature. A simplified model was developed for small red beans which can predict hydration as a function of temperature and time with good accuracy (, R2 = 0.99, RMSE = 4.5). Microscopic examination of cross sections of seed coats showed nearly double parenchyma layer thickness in small red bean and seed coat lipid analysis showed significantly higher proportion of saturated fatty acids which, together, may be responsible for slower water uptake observed in small red beans.

Practical Application

Hydration is the crucial stage in dry bean processing, which precedes other processes like cooking, extraction, fermentation, sprouting, and consumption. Industrial bean processing is still slow and batch process and needs improvement. This work shows the effect of various bean properties and soaking medium temperature on the hydration behavior of two commonly consumed red beans. The work also modeled the hydration kinetics of two Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans which can be adopted by bean processors for process design and optimization.
First‐line osimertinib treatment in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma with coexisting epidermal growth factor receptorG719S and de novo T790M mutations
Authors: Ito Noriaki , Masuda Takeshi , Ooka Ikuko , Hosoya Takatsune , Yamaguchi Kakuhiro , Sakamoto Shinjiro , Horimasu Yasushi , Nakashima Taku , Miyamoto Shintaro , Iwamoto Hiroshi , Fujitaka Kazunori , Hamada Hironobu , Hattori Noboru
Published: January 2022

Osimertinib is the standard treatment for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an active epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and a T790M mutation—present in cases of acquired resistance. However, there have been no reports on the efficacy of osimertinib in patients with EGFR G719S and de novo T790M mutations. Here, we present the case of a 71‐year‐old woman who received first‐line osimertinib for lung adenocarcinoma with G719S and de novo T790M mutations. A partial response was observed after osimertinib initiation; however, the disease progressed 5 months after. Next‐generation sequencing using a rebiopsy sample from the brain metastases revealed no newly acquired resistance mutations, including EGFR C797S. From experience, the efficacy of osimertinib in NSCLC with G719S and T790M compound mutations may be poor. Therefore, optimal treatment for these cases should be determined.
MiR‐205‐5p promotes lung cancer progression and is valuable for the diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Zhao Yu‐Long , Zhang Jia‐Xiang , Yang Juan‐Juan , Wei Yu‐Bo , Peng Jie‐Fei , Fu Chang‐Jin , Huang Min‐Hua , Wang Rong , Wang Ping‐Yu , Sun Guang‐Bin , Xie Shu‐Yang
Published: January 2022

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as potential diagnostic biomarkers in various cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of miR‐205‐5p in lung cancer progression and diagnosis.

Materials and Methods

MiR‐205‐5p was detected by quantitative real‐time PCR. The effect of miR‐205‐5p on cell proliferation and metastasis was estimated by MTT and flow cytometry. The expression of TP53INP1 and related genes was analyzed by immunoblotting. The diagnostic value of miR‐205‐5p was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, sensitivity, and specificity.

Results

The miR‐205‐5p was increased in lung cancer tissues. MiR‐205‐5p mimics were promoted but its inhibitor suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis compared with control treatment in vitro and in vivo. By regulating the 3′ untranslated region, miR‐205‐5p could negatively regulate TP53INP1 expression, which further inhibited the expression of RB1 and P21, but increased that of cyclinD1. Moreover, the serum miR‐205‐5p levels of patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those of normal controls, and they were correlated with patients' gender, drinking status, and clinical stage. The area under the ROC curve of serum miR‐205‐5p in the diagnosis of non‐small‐cell lung cancer was 0.8250, respectively. The finding supported its possession of high diagnostic efficiency for lung cancer.

Conclusions

MiR‐205‐5p promoted lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by negatively regulating the novel target TP53INP1, which further affected the expression of P21, RB1, and cyclin D1. Serum miR‐205‐5p is a novel and valuable biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis.
Depression and alcohol use in American Indian adolescents: The influence of family factors
Authors: Schick Melissa R. , Nalven Tessa , Thomas Emmanuel D. , Weiss Nicole H. , Spillane Nichea S.
Published: January 2022

Background

Rates of both depression and alcohol use are disproportionately higher among American Indian (AI) adolescents than adolescents in the general population. The co‐occurrence of depression and alcohol use is common and clinically relevant given their reciprocal negative influences on outcomes. Family factors may be especially relevant because they could have a buffering effect on this relationship due to the importance of kinship and community in AI communities. The current study examines the roles of family warmth and parental monitoring in the association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use in a large, nationally representative sample of AI adolescents.

Methods

Data were collected from 3498 AI 7th to 12th graders (47.8% female) residing on or near a reservation during the period 2009 to 2013. Participants reported on their depressive symptoms, family factors, and alcohol use.

Results

There was a small, but statistically significant positive association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use (r = 0.11, p < 0.001). Greater depressive symptoms were associated with significantly less perceived family warmth (β = −0.09, 95% CI [−0.13, −0.06]), which was associated with significantly greater alcohol use (β = −0.39, 95% CI [−0.55, −0.23]). Family warmth significantly accounted for the association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at high (β = 0.04, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [0.004, 0.09]), but not low, levels of parental monitoring (β = 0.02, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [−0.002, 0.06]).

Conclusions

Results of the present study suggest that developing culturally sensitive prevention and treatment approaches focusing on increasing both family warmth and parental monitoring are important to address the co‐occurrence of depression and alcohol misuse among AI adolescents.
Prepartying and incapacitated rape: Is drinking a risk factor or an outcome?
Authors: Jaffe Anna E. , Blayney Jessica A. , Graupensperger Scott , Cooper Rachel , Larimer Mary E.
Published: January 2022

Background

Incapacitated rape (IR) is common in college and has been linked to heavier post‐assault drinking and consequences, including blackouts. Following IR, college students may adjust their drinking in ways meant to increase perceived safety, such as enhancing situational control over one's drinks through prepartying, which is drinking before going out to a main social event. Although it is possible that prepartying could influence risk related to IR, it is unclear whether or how prepartying and IR are associated.

Methods

To address these gaps, we examined prepartying as both a risk factor and a consequence of IR, including the reasons for prepartying. Across two studies (Study 1 N = 1074; Study 2 N = 1753) of college women and men, we examined associations between IR and prepartying motives, alcohol consumption, and alcohol‐related blackouts.

Results

Within the cross‐sectional Study 1, negative binomial regressions revealed that having a history of IR was associated with more alcohol consumption and blackouts when prepartying. In a multivariate model, past‐year IR was associated with preparty motives related to interpersonal enhancement, intimate pursuit, and barriers to consumption, but not situational control. Within the prospective Study 2, a path model revealed that preparty drinking was a prospective predictor of IR in the following year, but past‐year IR did not predict subsequent prepartying.

Conclusions

Findings revealed a robust link between recent history of IR and prepartying regardless of gender. Prepartying was a prospective risk factor for subsequent IR. Although more research in this area is needed, addressing prepartying in alcohol interventions may contribute to the prevention of negative outcomes, including sexual assault.
Retailer heterogeneity and price transmission
Authors: Lan Hao , Lloyd Tim A. , McCorriston Steve , Morgan Christopher Wyn
Published: January 2022

Differences in price dynamics across retail chains, even for identical products, offer the opportunity to provide new insights into the determinants of price transmission. Specifically, we highlight the role of strategic complementarity and mark‐up elasticities as the factors underpinning price transmission. Using supermarket data on a sample of orange juice and coffee products from the seven largest retail chains in the UK, the results show that ignoring strategic complementarity exerts a positive bias on the estimation of price transmission and hence overstates the importance of input costs in price setting. In contrast to recent research, private label products are found to exhibit consistently lower levels of price transmission (higher mark‐up elasticity) than national brands, likely reflecting the context of competition in UK food retailing. The focus on mark‐up elasticities points to links between the frequency of price adjustment and competition as determinants of price transmission.
Walking Memories: From the Red Zone to the City on the Tenth Anniversary of the Canterbury Earthquakes
Authors: Wardell Susan
Published: January 2022

This piece of creative nonfiction prose explores memory, landscape, and materiality in the “Red Zone” of Christchurch (Ōtautahi), New Zealand—a formerly residential area devastated by an earthquake in 2011 and subsequently turned into a public green space. The writing is informed by my intermittent ethnographic fieldwork in Christchurch—a European settler‐colonial city established on Ngāi Tahu (indigenous Māori) lands—which has spanned ten years. In recent trips, influenced by a phenomenological lens and sensory methodologies, I began to incorporate walking into my research practice. The walk described in this piece took place on the tenth anniversary of the deadly quake. It begins at the earthquake memorial site in the middle of the urban center, then moves from the Otakaro River Corridor in the Eastern suburbs back towards the city. The journey enables thinking about ruins, hauntings, and the tension between official and alternative narratives of progress—acknowledging the material agencies of the more‐than‐human world as part of this. I reflect on the accesses granted by walking, connecting grief and trauma to dis/oriented movement, materiality, and texture; considering the possibilities for people to work on, as well as walk on, these collective landscapes of memory.
Rethinking the Homeless Crisis: Black Spatial Visions for Los Angeles
Authors: Dozier Deshonay
Published: January 2022

By “thinking conjuncturally”, this article urges urban geographers to rethink the site of encampments as a space for cultural intervention in urban planning and development. Drawing on content analysis of archival records, this article provides a case study of Black‐led and supported encampment communities in the 1980s and 1990s in Los Angeles. These encampment communities emerged in a critical moment when Los Angeles became the homeless capital of the nation while the demographics of the homeless became predominantly Black. The article shows the emergence of encampment communities as both a result of rising homelessness and as a necessity for creating life‐fulfilling alternatives. As such, these include sonic critiques, cooperative planning, forming a commons, and a poetic ethnography against the carceral organisation of homelessness. The article shows that to understand homelessness and crisis, geographers must take seriously the site of the encampment as an emerging cultural intervention.
Racial framing of pandemic outcomes has conditional indirect effects on support for COVID‐19 mitigation policies: Examining moral and threat‐based mediating mechanisms
Authors: Franks Andrew , Xiao Y. Jenny , Hesami Farhang
Published: January 2022

Two studies explored the intersection between the COVID‐19 pandemic and the continuing fight for racial justice. The pandemic has exacerbated existing racial inequalities in the United States in terms of public health and economic outcomes, and it is well‐established that individuals higher in racial bias are less likely to support social safety net programs such as those meant to improve public health and reduce poverty. This is particularly true among individuals who perceive racial minorities as overbenefitting from safety net programs. Accordingly, the primary focus of the current studies was to examine whether framing the pandemic in terms of its disproportionate impact on minorities would reduce support for pandemic mitigation policies. In addition, we examine whether such effects were mediated through psychological mechanisms of moral outrage and perceptions of realistic and symbolic threat, and moderated by participants’ racial bias. Participants’ belief in a just world was included as a covariate given its established role in predicting many related social outcomes. Results suggested that racial framing interacts with participants’ racial bias to affect policy support indirectly through multiple mechanisms. Broad implications regarding the relationship between racial bias and public support for a strong social safety net are discussed.
An analysis of the relationships between religious orientation, authoritarianism, cross‐cultural interactions, and political views
Authors: Cuevas Joshua A. , Dawson Bryan L. , Grant Ashley C.
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the connections between religious ideology, authoritarianism, intergroup relations, and political orientation. Building from the psychological literature on religious belief, the current study sought to explore the extent of these relationships using a university sample from the American South. The Diverse Learning Environments survey was administered to undergraduate students, with 2582 responding. Variables of interest were religious belief, authoritarianism, intergroup relation views, diversity‐related actions, and political views. Results suggest that while general religious orientation did not correlate positively with authoritarianism, Christians, specifically those associated with Evangelical groups, displayed greater authoritarianism than non‐believers and reported fewer diversity‐related interactions. While results indicated that more salient religious identity was associated with right‐leaning political beliefs, an unexpected finding was that non‐belief was associated with greater political involvement. These results suggest patterns of ingroup favoritism among conservative Christians which may lead to outgroup derogation and influence voting patterns.
Platelets modulate CD4+ T‐cell function in COVID‐19 through a PD‐L1 dependent mechanism
Authors: Paletta Ana , Di Diego García Facundo , Varese Augusto , Erra Diaz Fernando , García Julián , Cisneros Juan Carlos , Ludueña Guillermina , Mazzitelli Ignacio , Pisarevsky Andrea , Cabrerizo Gonzalo , López Malizia Álvaro , Rodriguez Alejandra G. , Lista Nicolás , Longueira Yesica , Sabatté Juan , Geffner Jorge , Remes Lenicov Federico , Ceballos Ana
Published: January 2022

Severe COVID‐19 is associated with a systemic inflammatory response and progressive CD4+ T‐cell lymphopenia and dysfunction. We evaluated whether platelets might contribute to CD4+ T‐cell dysfunction in COVID‐19. We observed a high frequency of CD4+ T cell–platelet aggregates in COVID‐19 inpatients that inversely correlated with lymphocyte counts. Platelets from COVID‐19 inpatients but not from healthy donors (HD) inhibited the upregulation of CD25 expression and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α production by CD4+ T cells. In addition, interferon (IFN)‐γ production was increased by platelets from HD but not from COVID‐19 inpatients. A high expression of PD‐L1 was found in platelets from COVID‐19 patients to be inversely correlated with IFN‐γ production by activated CD4+ T cells cocultured with platelets. We also found that a PD‐L1‐blocking antibody significantly restored platelets’ ability to stimulate IFN‐γ production by CD4+ T cells. Our study suggests that platelets might contribute to disease progression in COVID‐19 not only by promoting thrombotic and inflammatory events, but also by affecting CD4+ T cells functionality.
Motherhood and vaccine refusal in the United Kingdom: A new examination of gender, identity and the journey to contemporary non‐vaccination
Authors: Sythes Laura , Bedford Helen
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Contemporary research into non‐vaccination has highlighted some of the attitudes, beliefs and characteristics of non‐vaccinating parents with recent research also beginning to examine the journey to non‐vaccination. However, the interaction between gender, identity and non‐vaccination is less well understood, as well as the non‐vaccination journey for parents in the United Kingdom.

Methods

Using purposive sampling, we recruited mothers who have rejected some or all of their child's routine vaccinations in the last 5–10 years. Semi‐ structured interviews were conducted by phone in late 2020 and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Ten mothers were interviewed. They differed in socio‐economic, educational and cultural backgrounds, yet all wanted the same thing: to have happy and healthy children, a goal which they saw as their responsibility and within their control and did not include vaccination. Within this shared parenting priority, identities varied considerably. Most mothers strongly rejected the label or identity of ‘anti‐vaxxer’, preferring alternative terms with less negative social connotations. The decision not to vaccinate was predominantly made by mothers, describing a dynamic where mothers (rather than fathers/partners) were clearly responsible for their children's health, but this largely appeared to be internalized as the mother's role.

Conclusions

The heterogeneity of mother's identities within the non‐vaccination movement and the pressures on mothers to raise children with ‘optimum health’ explored in this study suggest that non‐vaccination is a largely individual choice that requires nuanced and compassionate engagement to understand the root causes behind this decision.