Use of modern software to determine grid azimuth
Authors:   Department of Artillery Reconnaissance Complexes and Devices, National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Petro Sagaidachny, KRAVETS T. , POLETS O. ,   Department of Artillery Reconnaissance Complexes and Devices, National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Petro Sagaidachny, PASCHETNIK V. ,   Department of Artillery Reconnaissance Complexes and Devices, National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Petro Sagaidachny
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the article is to evaluate the accuracy of the method of determining the grid azimuth using the equipment of consumers of satellite navigation systems. Todays, there are several ways to determine the grid azimuth for topogeodetic references. However, due to the development of navigation equipment in the military and in the joint force operation, artillerists use the coordinate method of determining the grid azimuth more and more often. The accuracy and expedience of the method has not been studied yet and requires field research. So, we have already obtained dates as a result of the experiment. Method. The researches have been based on the analysis of available literature sources in this topic and the practical using of the coordinate method for calculates the grid azimuth. The experiment has been carried out to execute topogeodetic survey using GNSS without obstacles to receive GPS-signals and with obstacles one. The conclusions have been based on the results of the experiment and they have been compared with the standart datas and with the other methods. Also the accuracy has been calculated. Results. It has been researched teoretical, methodological and practical problems of using software “Kpopyva”, “Ukrop” and hardware “Bazalt-M” in the army for determining of the grid azimuth by the coordinate method. The experiment has been performed for estimate of accuracy determining of grid azimuth by the coordinate method. The measurements have been performed on the points of the geodetic network. The grid azimuths have been calculated by the datas of the measurements. The calculated grid azimuths have been compared with references datas which have been obtained from catalog of coordinates of geodetic points. The mean squared errors and mean errors by coordinate method have calculated as coordinate differences. The results of experiment and analysis of information open sources have confirmed, that the accuracy of determining the grid azimuths by coordinate method depends from the accuracy of determining coordinates and the distances between points, the coordinates of which have been determined by GNSS. The GNSS, which use in Field Artillery, are providing to use the coordinate method for determining of the grid azimuth onto landmarks for topogeodetic support. If the distance between the points will not less than 400–500 meters and the mean squared of the determining coordinates won’t exceed 3–5 meters, the coordinate method uses. The scientific novelty consist in the researching of the fundamentally new conditions of the use of GNSS and the software in the Joint Force Operation, which provide the necessary accuracy of determining grid azimuth, reduce time for executing, and also it can be the alter method. Practical meaning. The recommendations for using GNSS by tactical level commanders have been developed. The recommendations were based on the analysis of the mean errors of the using of GNSS and comparison of the results with datas of the catalog of coordinates of geodetic points.