bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Giant Fibroid Uterus
Authors: Alam Irin Parveen , Newaz Rafat
Published: October 2016

Fibroids are muscular tumours, the most common benign tumours in females and typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. It originate from the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Another medical term is leiomyoma or just myoma. It can be as small as an apple seed or as big as a melon. In unusual cases they can become very large. With the advent of high frequency ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging it is now possible to diagnose such cases at an early stage1. Asymptomatic uterine fibroids often left untreated. Giant fibroids are the fibroids weighing 11.4kg2,3 or more. Such a fibroid may appear as a solitary tumor or as a conglomerate mass of uterine fibroids presenting as a single uterine tumor4. Giant uterine fibroid are very rare neoplasm and represents a great diagnosis and therapeutic challange. This article illustrates a case of 34 years old woman presented with a four year history of slowly increasing abdominal size with rapid increase in the last one year associated with shortness of breath and severe anaemia by a painless lump. Total abdominal hysterectomy was performed; histologically the specimen was 9.5 kg benign uterine leiomyoma. The patients postoperative evaluation was uneventful and she went back abroad in two months time following operation.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 27-30
Umbilical Cord Blood Saving - A Lifeline for a Lifetime
Authors: Yasmin N , Kabir N , Afrin T , Ahmed S , Khatun K
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Umbilical cord blood is blood left over in the placenta and in the umbilical cord after the birth of the baby. Umbilical cord blood saving consists of the collection, processing and cryopreservation of the remaining blood within the umbilicus and placenta following the birth of a child. Within this left over blood, traditionally discarded with the placenta as medical waste, lies a rich source of haematopoietic stem cells same as bone marrow. Cord blood stem cells have advantages over bone marrow in transplants and have been used in more than 30,000 transplants to regenerate healthy blood and immune systems1. Today, stem cell therapies continue to evolve, bringing new hope to patients and their families.Objective: To aware regarding use of stem cells of babys umbilical cord blood in future.Methods: A review of relevant articles and documents and some world standard stem cell banking protocol were undertaken.Conclusion: When these cord blood stem cells are processed and stored, the cells are not only a perfect match for the baby, but it could also provide life saving benefits for siblings and other family members.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 79-82
Caesarean Scar Pregnancy - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Sultana Razia , Islam Saiful , Nurjahan -
Published: October 2016

Objective:The aim is to publish the case report of the rarely occurring and life threatening ectopic pregnancy developing in a Caesarean section scar causing uterine rupture.Methods and Results: This patient was diagnosed initially as a case of incomplete abortion. Other possible diagnoses were molar pregnancy, mass in the cervix. She was admitted in hospital for evacuation and curettage. During the procedure she developed severe pervaginal bleeding leading to hypovolumic shock. So decision was taken for emergency laparotomy. After opening the abdomen rupture was found in the lower uterine segment extending upto upper part of cervix. So hysterectomy was performed and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy that developed in a Caesarean section scar Analysis of the womens obstetric history revealed that she had been previously operated because of breech presentation.Conclusion: Heightened awareness of the possibility of pregnancy in caesarean scar and early diagnosis by means of transvaginal sonography along with colour doppler can improve outcome and minimize the need for emergency extended surgeryBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 83-86
Abstracts Vol.27(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 90-91
Dr. Jubaida Hannan & Prof. Dr. M. Zubaid Hussain
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 94
Sūrat al-Muʾminūn: A Reading and Reflection
Authors: Johns Anthony H.
Published: October 2016

The 114 suras of the Qur'an are an ‘excerpting’ and organisation of the revelations made to the Prophet Muḥammad from the time of the Call until his death. Each sura has its place in the Book in an ordering determined not by chronology, but by a pastoral and spiritual wisdom. They relate to, complement, and reflect back on each other like mirrors along a hallway. Their essential internal coherence and relation to each other is now a well-established thesis in Qur'anic studies.

The reading of Sūrat al-Muʾminūn undertaken in this paper is in part pragmatic, in part intuitive. It discovers in it a simple, fluent, bipartite structure, its identity and character disclosed not only by its ʿamūd or miḥwār, but by the tone and aura that invest it. It aims to communicate something of spiritual vibrancy that is at the heart of every Qur'anic locution.

In this discussion the sura is seen as comprising two parts. The paper shows how the concerns, issues, situations, events, and indeed the message of Part One are replayed with variations and shifts of emphasis in Part Two, bringing out the underlying inherent coherence of the whole. It draws attention to the varying dynamics of the flow of the text, the placing of thematically significant words and creation of semantic echoes direct and oblique over the two parts, and the distribution across them of doxologies and formulae of admonition and commination.
Encountering Ambiguity: Muʿtazilī and Twelver Shīʿī Approaches to the Qur'an's Ambiguous Verses
Authors: Thaver Tehseen
Published: October 2016

Within the broader discipline of Qur'anic exegesis, the sub-genre of the mutashābihāt al-Qurʾān (the ambiguous verses of the Qur'an) is comprised of works dedicated to the identification and explication of those verses that present theological or linguistic challenges. Yet, the approach, style, and objective of the scholars who have written commentaries on the ambiguous verses are far from monolithic. This essay brings into focus the internal diversity of this important exegetical tradition by focusing on the Qur'an commentaries of two major scholars in fourth/eleventh-century Baghdad, al-Sharīf al-Raḍī (d. 406/1016) and Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Jabbār (d. 415/1025). Al-Raḍī was a prominent Twelver Shīʿī theologian and poet while ʿAbd al-Jabbār was a leading Muʿtazilī theologian during this period; al-Raḍī was also ʿAbd al-Jabbār's student and disciple. Through a close reading of their respective commentaries on two Qur'anic verses, I explore possible interconnections and interactions between Shīʿī and Muʿtazilī traditions of exegesis, and demonstrate that while ʿAbd al-Jabbār mobilised the language of Islamic jurisprudence, al-Raḍī primarily relied on early Islamic poetry and the etymology of the Arabic language. Methodologically, I argue against a conceptual approach that valorises sectarian and theological identity as the primary determinant of hermeneutical desires and sensibilities.
Regulatory governance of ‘training markets’, ‘market failure’, and ‘quasi’ markets: historical dimensions of the post-initial training market in The Netherlands
Authors: Hake Barry
Published: October 2016

This article examines regulatory governance of the post-initial training market in The Netherlands. From an historical perspective on policy formation processes, it examines market formation in terms of social, economic, and cultural factors in the development of provision and demand for post-initial training; the roles of stakeholders in the longterm construction of regulatory governance of the market; regulation of and public providers; policy responses to market failure; and tripartite division of responsibilities between the state, social partners, commercial and publicly-funded providers. Historical description and analysis examine policy narratives of key stakeholders with reference to: a) influence of societal stakeholders on regulatory decision-making; b) state regulation of the post-initial training market; c) public intervention regulating the market to prevent market failure; d) market deregulation, competition, employability and individual responsibility; and, e) regulatory governance to prevent ‘allocative failure’ by the market in non-delivery of post-initial training to specific target groups, particularly the low-qualified. Dominant policy narratives have resulted in limited state regulation of the supply-side, a tripartite system of regulatory governance by the state, social partners and commercial providers as regulatory actors. Current policy discourses address interventions on the demand-side to redistribute structures of opportunity throughout the life courses of individuals. Further empirical research from a comparative historical perspective is required to deepen contemporary understandings of regulatory governance of markets and the commodification of adult learning in knowledge societies and information economies.
An Empirical Study of Overlapping Rotor Interference for a Small Unmanned Aircraft Propulsion System
Authors: Brazinskas Mantas , Prior Stephen , Scanlan James
Published: October 2016

The majority of research into full-sized helicopter overlapping propulsion systems involves co-axial setups (fully overlapped). Partially overlapping rotor setups (tandem, multirotor) have received less attention, and empirical data produced over the years is limited. The increase in demand for compact small unmanned aircraft has exposed the need for empirical investigations of overlapping propulsion systems at a small scale (Reynolds Number < 250,000). Rotor-to-rotor interference at the static state in various overlapping propulsion system configurations was empirically measured using off the shelf T-Motor 16 inch × 5.4 inch rotors. A purpose-built test rig was manufactured allowing various overlapping rotor configurations to be tested. First, single rotor data was gathered, then performance measurements were taken at different thrust and tip speeds on a range of overlap configurations. The studies were conducted in a system torque balance mode. Overlapping rotor performance was compared to an isolated dual rotor propulsion system revealing interference factors which were compared to the momentum theory. Tests revealed that in the co-axial torque-balanced propulsion system the upper rotor outperforms the lower rotor at axial separation ratios between 0.05 and 0.85. Additionally, in the same region, thrust sharing between the two rotors changed by 21%; the upper rotor produced more thrust than the lower rotor at all times. Peak performance was recorded as a 22% efficiency loss when the axial separation ratio was greater than 0.25. The performance of a co-axial torque-balanced system reached a 27% efficiency loss when the axial separation ratio was equal to 0.05. The co-axial system swirl recovery effect was recorded to have a 4% efficiency gain in the axial separation ratio region between 0.05 and 0.85. The smallest efficiency loss (3%) was recorded when the rotor separation ratio was between 0.95 and 1 (axial separation ratio was kept at 0.05). Tests conducted at a rotor separation ratio of 0.85 showed that the efficiency loss decreased when the axial separation ratio was greater than 0.25. The lower rotor outperformed the upper rotor in the rotor separation ratio region from 0.95 to 1 (axial separation ratio was kept at 0.05) at an overall system thrust of 8 N, and matched the upper rotor performance at the tested overall thrust of 15 N.
Editorial Announcement
Authors: Patterson Kerry
Published: October 2016

I am pleased to announce that, following my retirement on the 30th September 2016, Marc Paolella will become Editor-in-Chief (EiC) of Econometrics.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Route Planning in the Presence of a Threat Environment Based on a Virtual Globe Platform
Authors: Zhang Ming , Su Chen , Liu Yuan , Hu Mingyuan , Zhu Yuesheng
Published: October 2016

Route planning is a key technology for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to fly reliably and safely in the presence of a threat environment. Existing route planning methods are mainly based on the simulation scene, whereas approaches based on the virtual globe platform have rarely been reported. In this paper, a new planning space for the virtual globe and the planner is proposed and a common threat model is constructed for threats including a no-fly zone, hazardous weather, radar coverage area, missile killing zone and dynamic threats. Additionally, an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is developed to enhance route planning efficiency and terrain masking ability. Our route planning methods are optimized on the virtual globe platform for practicability. A route planning system and six types of planners were developed and implemented on the virtual globe platform. Finally, our evaluation results demonstrate that our optimum planner has better performance in terms of fuel consumption, terrain masking, and risk avoidance. Experiments also demonstrate that the method and system described in this paper can be used to perform global route planning and mission operations.
AVIST: A GPU-Centric Design for Visual Exploration of Large Multidimensional Datasets
Authors: Mi Peng , Sun Maoyuan , Masiane Moeti , Cao Yong , North Chris
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the Animated VISualization Tool (AVIST), an exploration-oriented data visualization tool that enables rapidly exploring and filtering large time series multidimensional datasets. AVIST highlights interactive data exploration by revealing fine data details. This is achieved through the use of animation and cross-filtering interactions. To support interactive exploration of big data, AVIST features a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)-centric design. Two key aspects are emphasized on the GPU-centric design: (1) both data management and computation are implemented on the GPU to leverage its parallel computing capability and fast memory bandwidth; (2) a GPU-based directed acyclic graph is proposed to characterize data transformations triggered by users’ demands. Moreover, we implement AVIST based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture. In the implementation, we consider two aspects: (1) user interaction is highlighted to slice big data into small data; and (2) data transformation is based on parallel computing. Two case studies demonstrate how AVIST can help analysts identify abnormal behaviors and infer new hypotheses by exploring big datasets. Finally, we summarize lessons learned about GPU-based solutions in interactive information visualization with big data.
Effects of the Hot Isostatic Pressing Process on Crack Healing of the Laser Repair-Welded CM247LC Superalloy
Authors: Hsu Keng-Tu , Wang Huei-Sen , Chen Hou-Guang , Chen Po-Chun
Published: October 2016

This study investigated the effects of the hot isostatic pressing process on the crack healing, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the laser repair-welded CM247LC precipitation-hardened superalloy. To ensure the strength of the repair-welded area, this study used the direct re-melting approach, and simulated the repair welding with the filler addition, which has a chemical composition matching that of the base superalloy. As expected, different types of cracks, including the solidification crack in the weld fusion zone and various types of liquidation cracks in the heat-affected zone, were observed. Through a proper hot isostatic pressing healing process, all cracks in the weld fusion zone and the heat-affected zone of the repair-welded pieces were healed. At the same time, some nano- and micro-sized carbides tended to form discontinuously along the healed crack trace. A micro-hardness test was conducted in the repair-welded area, and the results were similar to that of the as-cast material.
Synthesis of Pyrazole-Thiobarbituric Acid Derivatives: Antimicrobial Activity and Docking Studies
Authors: Elshaier Yaseen , Barakat Assem , Al-Qahtany Bander , Al-Majid Abdullah , Al-Agamy Mohamed
Published: October 2016

A one-pot reaction was described that results in various pyrazole-thiobarbituric acid derivatives as new pharmacophore agents. These new heterocycles were synthesized in high yields with a broad substrate scope under mild reaction conditions in water mediated by NHEt2. The molecular structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned based on different spectroscopic techniques. The new compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity. Compounds 4h and 4l were the most active compounds against C. albicans with MIC = 4 µg/L. Compound 4c exhibited the best activity against S. aureus and E. faecalis with MIC = 16 µg/L. However, compounds 4l and 4o were the most active against B. subtilis with MIC = 16 µg/L. Molecular docking studies for the final compounds and standard drugs were performed using the OpenEye program.
A Review on the Dissection of Quenched Blast Furnaces—Spanning from the Early 1950s to the 1970s
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: October 2016

Since its invention until the 1950s, the iron blast furnace was viewed as a strange ‘black box’. Its operation was largely empirical and much of the information needed for monitoring and control of the process was yet to be known. More complete information was needed concerning the process such as the reduction of iron-bearing raw materials, the distribution of materials throughout the stack, the size, location, and structure of the fusion zone, and the transfer of silicon, sulfur, and carbon to the slag and metal. Hence, to obtain a better understanding of the blast furnace process, some iron-makers came up with the idea of quenching the contents of the furnace following normal operations. This was done in a neutral nitrogen atmosphere. The quenched contents were then sampled for analysis. Thus, this paper was written to discuss such works, spanning from the early 1950s to the 1970s. Care has been taken to include most of their findings and readers who have a fair amount of iron-making knowledge should be able to see and understand the in-furnace phenomena as the ‘black box’ unfolds itself. Most of the text will be focused on two important studies into the matter, the first being the U.S. Bureau of Mines case in 1959 and the next being the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (ISIJ) studies in the 1970s. The contribution of these works to modern day blast furnace operation is also discussed in the paper.
Effect of Carbohydrate Intake on Maximal Power Output and Cognitive Performances
Authors: Pomportes Laura , Brisswalter Jeanick , Hays Arnaud , Davranche Karen
Published: October 2016

The present study aimed to assess the beneficial effect of acute carbohydrate (7% CHO) intake on muscular and cognitive performances. Seventeen high levels athletes in explosive sports (fencing and squash) participated in a randomized, double-blind study consisting in series of 6 sprints (5s) with a passive recovery (25s) followed by 15 min submaximal cycling after either maltodextrine and fructose (CHO) or placebo (Pl) intake. Cognitive performances were assessed before and after sprint exercise using a simple reaction time (SRT) task at rest, a visual scanning task (VS) and a Go/Nogo task (GNG) during a submaximal cycling exercise. Results showed a beneficial effect of exercise on VS task on both conditions (Pl: −283 ms; CHO: −423 ms) and on SRT only during CHO condition (−26 ms). In the CHO condition, SRT was faster after exercise whereas no effect of exercise was observed in the Pl condition. According to a qualitative statistical method, a most likely and likely positive effect of CHO was respectively observed on peak power (+4%) and tiredness (−23%) when compared to Pl. Furthermore, a very likely positive effect of CHO was observed on SRT (−8%) and a likely positive effect on visual scanning (−6%) and Go/Nogo tasks (−4%) without any change in accuracy. In conclusion acute ingestion of 250 mL of CHO, 60 min and 30 min before exercise, improve peak power output, decrease muscular tiredness and speed up information processing and visual detection without changing accuracy.
Comparing Graphical Formats for Feedback of Clinical Practice Data
Authors: Saillour-Glénisson Florence , Nouette-Gaulain Karine , Jouhet Vianney , Salmi Louis-Rachid , Petit-Monéger Aurélie
Published: October 2016

Objectives: Although graphical formats used to feedback clinical practice data may have an important impact, the most effective formats remain unknown. Using prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting by anesthesiologists as an application, the objective of this study was to assess which graphical formats for feedback of clinical practice data are the most incentive to change practice.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study among anesthesiologists randomized in two groups between March and

June 2014. Each anesthesiologist assessed 15 graphical formats displaying an indicator of either prescription conformity or prescription effectiveness. Graphical formats varied by: type of graph (bar charts, linear sliders, or pictographs), presence or not of a target to reach, presence or not of a contrast between a hypothetical physician and his/her team, direction of the difference between the physician and his/her team, and restitution or not of the quality indicator evolution over the previous six months. The primary outcome was a numerical scale score expressing the anesthesiologists’ motivation to change his/her practice (ranging from 1 to 10 points). A linear mixed model was fitted to explain variation in motivation.

Results: Sixty-six anesthesiologists assessed the conformity indicator and 67 assessed the effectiveness indicator. Factors associated with an increased motivation to change practice were: (i) presence of a clearly defined target to reach (conformity: β = 0.24 points, p = 0.0046; effectiveness: β = 1.11 points, p < 0.0001); (ii) contrast between the physician and his/her team (conformity: β = 0.38 points, p < 0.0001; effectiveness: β = 0.33 points, p = 0.0021); (iii) better results for the team than for the physician (conformity: β = 0.65 points, p < 0.0001; effectiveness β = 1.16 points, p < 0.0001). For the effectiveness indicator, anesthesiologists were more motivated to change practice with bar charts (β = 0.24 points, p = 0.0447) and pictographs (β = 0.45 points, p = 0.0001) than with linear sliders.

Conclusions: Graphs associated with a defined target to reach should be preferred to deliver feedback, especially bar graphs or pictographs for indicators which are more complex to represent such as effectiveness indicators. Anesthesiologists are also more motivated to change practice when graphs report contrasted data between the physician and his/her team and a lower conformity or effectiveness for the physician than for his/her team.
MicroRNA-221-3p Plays an Oncogenic Role in Gastric Carcinoma by Inhibiting PTEN Expression
Authors: Shi Jianping , Zhang Yi , Jin Nuyun , Li Yuqin , Wu Shengtian , Xu Leiming
Published: October 2016

Gastric carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in men, and microRNA plays a critical role in regulating the signaling networks of gastric carcinoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. We first report the functional characteristics of miR-221-3p in gastric carcinoma. Quantification
in gastric carcinoma cell lines and tumor samples reveals significantly increasing miR-221-3p expression. Moreover, a high level of miR-221-3p is correlated with a poor prognosis for gastric carcinoma patients. Ectopic miR-221-3p expression significantly promotes gastric carcinoma cell proliferation,
invasion, and sphere formation, while silencing miR-221-3p significantly inhibits these abilities in gastric carcinoma cells. Tests in vivo showed that miR-221-3p significantly promotes tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. In this study, we reveal that miR-221-3p targets PTEN mRNA and downregulates
PTEN, which is the possible mechanism of miR-221-3p-induced oncogenic properties. Collectively, we reveal a critical role for miR-221-3p in gastric carcinoma development and progression.
OBSERVATION OF A METRIC TYPE N SOLAR RADIO BURST
Authors: Kong Xiangliang , Chen Yao , Feng Shiwei , Du Guohui , Li Chuanyang , Koval Artem , Vasanth V. , Wang Bing , Guo Fan , Li Gang
Published: October 2016

Type III and type-III-like radio bursts are produced by energetic electron beams guided along coronal magnetic fields. As a variant of type III bursts, Type N bursts appear as the letter “N” in the radio dynamic spectrum and reveal a magnetic mirror effect in coronal loops. Here, we report a well-observed N-shaped burst consisting of three successive branches at metric wavelength with both fundamental and harmonic components and a high brightness temperature (>109 K). We verify the burst as a true type N burst generated by the same electron beam from three aspects of the data. First, durations of the three branches at a given frequency increase gradually and may be due to the dispersion of the beam along its path. Second, the flare site, as the only possible source of non-thermal electrons, is near the western feet of large-scale closed loops. Third, the first branch and the following two branches are localized at different legs of the loops with opposite senses of polarization. We also find that the sense of polarization of the radio burst is in contradiction to the O-mode and there exists a fairly large time delay (∼3–5 s) between the fundamental and harmonic components. Possible explanations accounting for these observations are presented. Assuming the classical plasma emission mechanism, we can infer coronal parameters such as electron density and magnetic field near the radio source and make diagnostics on the magnetic mirror process.
MERGER HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE LUMINOUS CLUSTER RX J1347.5–1145
Authors: Kreisch C. D. , Machacek M. E. , Jones C. , Randall S. W.
Published: October 2016

We present an analysis of the complex gas hydrodynamics in the X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5–1145 caught in the act of merging with a subcluster to its southeast using a combined 186 ks Chandra exposure, 2.5 times greater than previous analyses. The primary cluster hosts a sloshing cold front spiral traced by four surface brightness edges

west,

southeast,

east, and

northeast from the primary central dominant galaxy, suggesting that the merger is in the plane of the sky. We measure temperature and density ratios across these edges, confirming that they are sloshing cold fronts. We observe the eastern edge of the subcluster infall shock, confirming that the observed subcluster is traveling from the southwest to the northeast in a clockwise orbit. We measure a shock density contrast of 

and infer a Mach number of 1.25 ± 0.08 and a shock velocity of

km s−1. Temperature and entropy maps show cool, low-entropy gas trailing the subcluster in a southwestern tail, consistent with core shredding. Simulations suggest that a perturber in the plane of the sky on a clockwise orbit would produce a sloshing spiral winding counterclockwise, opposite to that observed. The most compelling solution to this discrepancy is that the observed southeastern subcluster is on its first passage, shock-heating gas during its clockwise infall, while the main cluster’s clockwise cold front spiral formed from earlier encounters with a second perturber orbiting counterclockwise.
A SEARCH FOR STELLAR-MASS BLACK HOLES VIA ASTROMETRIC MICROLENSING
Authors: Lu J. R. , Sinukoff E. , Ofek E. O. , Udalski A. , Kozlowski S.
Published: October 2016

While dozens of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) have been discovered in binary systems, isolated BHs have eluded detection. Their presence can be inferred when they lens light from a background star. We attempt to detect the astrometric lensing signatures of three photometrically identified microlensing events, OGLE-2011-BLG-0022, OGLE-2011-BLG-0125, and OGLE-2012-BLG-0169 (OB110022, OB110125, and OB120169), located toward the Galactic Bulge. These events were selected because of their long durations, which statistically favors more massive lenses. Astrometric measurements were made over one to two years using laser-guided adaptive optics observations from the W. M. Keck Observatory. Lens model parameters were first constrained by the photometric light curves. The OB120169 light curve is well fit by a single-lens model, while both OB110022 and OB110125 light curves favor binary lens models. Using the photometric fits as prior information, no significant astrometric lensing signal was detected and all targets were consistent with linear motion. The significant lack of astrometric signal constrains the lens mass of OB110022 to 0.05–1.79 M
⊙ in a 99.7% confidence interval, which disfavors a BH lens. Fits to OB110125 yielded a reduced Einstein crossing time and insufficient observations during the peak, so no mass limits were obtained. Two degenerate solutions exist for OB120169, which have a lens mass between 0.2–38.8 M
⊙ and 0.4–39.8 M
⊙ for a 99.7% confidence interval. Follow-up observations of OB120169 will further constrain the lens mass. Based on our experience, we use simulations to design optimal astrometric observing strategies and show that with more typical observing conditions the detection of BHs is feasible.
DISCOVERY AND VALIDATION OF A HIGH-DENSITY SUB-NEPTUNE FROM THE K2 MISSION
Authors: Espinoza Néstor , Brahm Rafael , Jordán Andrés , Jenkins James S. , Rojas Felipe , Jofré Paula , Mädler Thomas , Rabus Markus , Chanamé Julio , Pantoja Blake , Soto Maritza G. , Morzinski Katie M. , Males Jared R. , Ward-Duong Kimberly , Close Laird M.
Published: October 2016

We report the discovery of K2-56b, a high-density sub-Neptune exoplanet, made using photometry from Campaign 4 of the two-wheeled Kepler (K2) mission, ground-based radial velocity (RV) follow-up from HARPS and high-resolution lucky and adaptive optics imaging obtained using AstraLux and MagAO, respectively. The host star is a bright (V = 11.04, K

s
= 9.37), slightly metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −0.15 ± 0.05 dex) solar analogue located at

pc from Earth, for which we find a radius of

and a mass of

. A joint analysis of the K2 photometry and HARPS RVs reveal that the planet is in a ≈42 day orbit around its host star, has a radius of

, and a mass of

. Although the data at hand put the planet in the region of the mass–radius diagram where we could expect planets with a pure rock (i.e., magnesium silicate) composition using two-layer models (i.e., between rock/iron and rock/ice compositions), we discuss more realistic three-layer composition models which can explain the high density of the discovered exoplanet. The fact that the planet lies in the boundary between “possibly rocky” and “non-rocky” exoplanets makes it an interesting planet for future RV follow-up.
CONVECTION IN OBLATE SOLAR-TYPE STARS
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Miesch Mark S. , Liang Chunlei
Published: October 2016

We present the first global 3D simulations of thermal convection in the oblate envelopes of rapidly rotating solar-type stars. This has been achieved by exploiting the capabilities of the new compressible high-order unstructured spectral difference (CHORUS) code. We consider rotation rates up to 85% of the critical (breakup) rotation rate, which yields an equatorial radius that is up to 17% larger than the polar radius. This substantial oblateness enhances the disparity between polar and equatorial modes of convection. We find that the convection redistributes the heat flux emitted from the outer surface, leading to an enhancement of the heat flux in the polar and equatorial regions. This finding implies that lower-mass stars with convective envelopes may not have darker equators as predicted by classical gravity darkening arguments. The vigorous high-latitude convection also establishes elongated axisymmetric circulation cells and zonal jets in the polar regions. Though the overall amplitude of the surface differential rotation, ΔΩ, is insensitive to the oblateness, the oblateness does limit the fractional kinetic energy contained in the differential rotation to no more than 61%. Furthermore, we argue that this level of differential rotation is not enough to have a significant impact on the oblateness of the star.
COMPARISON OF CME/SHOCK PROPAGATION MODELS WITH HELIOSPHERIC IMAGING AND IN SITU OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Zhao Xinhua , Liu Ying D. , Inhester Bernd , Feng Xueshang , Wiegelmann Thomas , Lu Lei
Published: October 2016

The prediction of the arrival time for fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks is highly desirable in space weather studies. In this paper, we use two shock propagation models, i.e., Data Guided Shock Time Of Arrival (DGSTOA) and Data Guided Shock Propagation Model (DGSPM), to predict the kinematical evolution of interplanetary shocks associated with fast CMEs. DGSTOA is based on the similarity theory of shock waves in the solar wind reference frame, and DGSPM is based on the non-similarity theory in the stationary reference frame. The inputs are the kinematics of the CME front at the maximum speed moment obtained from the geometric triangulation method applied to STEREO imaging observations together with the Harmonic Mean approximation. The outputs provide the subsequent propagation of the associated shock. We apply these models to the CMEs on 2012 January 19, January 23, and March 7. We find that the shock models predict reasonably well the shock’s propagation after the impulsive acceleration. The shock’s arrival time and local propagation speed at Earth predicted by these models are consistent with in situ measurements of WIND. We also employ the Drag-Based Model (DBM) as a comparison, and find that it predicts a steeper deceleration than the shock models after the rapid deceleration phase. The predictions of DBM at 1 au agree with the following ICME or sheath structure, not the preceding shock. These results demonstrate the applicability of the shock models used here for future arrival time prediction of interplanetary shocks associated with fast CMEs.
THE FOURSTAR GALAXY EVOLUTION SURVEY (ZFOURGE): ULTRAVIOLET TO FAR-INFRARED CATALOGS, MEDIUM-BANDWIDTH PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS WITH IMPROVED ACCURACY, STELLAR MASSES, AND CONFIRMATION OF QUIESCENT GALAXIES TO z ∼ 3.5*
Authors: Straatman Caroline M. S. , Spitler Lee R. , Quadri Ryan F. , Labbé Ivo , Glazebrook Karl , Persson S. Eric , Papovich Casey , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Brammer Gabriel B. , Cowley Michael , Tomczak Adam , Nanayakkara Themiya , Alcorn Leo , Allen Rebecca , Broussard Adam , van Dokkum Pieter , Forrest Ben , van Houdt Josha , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Kawinwanichakij Lalitwadee , Kelson Daniel D. , Lee Janice , McCarthy Patrick J. , Mehrtens Nicola , Monson Andrew , Murphy David , Rees Glen , Tilvi Vithal , Whitaker Katherine E.
Published: October 2016

The FourStar galaxy evolution survey (ZFOURGE) is a 45 night legacy program with the FourStar near-infrared camera on Magellan and one of the most sensitive surveys to date. ZFOURGE covers a total of 400 arcmin2 in cosmic fields CDFS, COSMOS and UDS, overlapping CANDELS. We present photometric catalogs comprising >70,000 galaxies, selected from ultradeep K

s
-band detection images (25.5–26.5 AB mag, 5σ, total), and >80% complete to K

s
 < 25.3–25.9 AB. We use 5 near-IR medium-bandwidth filters (J
1, J
2, J
3, H

s
, H

l
) as well as broad-band K

s
at 1.05–2.16 μm to 25–26 AB at a seeing of ∼0.″5. Each field has ancillary imaging in 26–40 filters at 0.3–8 μm. We derive photometric redshifts and stellar population properties. Comparing with spectroscopic redshifts indicates a photometric redshift uncertainty σ

z
 = 0.010, 0.009, and 0.011 in CDFS, COSMOS, and UDS. As spectroscopic samples are often biased toward bright and blue sources, we also inspect the photometric redshift differences between close pairs of galaxies, finding σ

z,pairs = 0.01–0.02 at 1 < z < 2.5. We quantify how σ

z,pairs depends on redshift, magnitude, spectral energy distribution type, and the inclusion of FourStar medium bands. σ

z,pairs is smallest for bright, blue star-forming samples, while red star-forming galaxies have the worst σ

z,pairs. Including FourStar medium bands reduces σ

z,pairs by 50% at 1.5 < z < 2.5. We calculate star formation rates (SFRs) based on ultraviolet and ultradeep far-IR Spitzer/MIPS and Herschel/PACS data. We derive rest-frame U − V and V − J colors, and illustrate how these correlate with specific SFR and dust emission to z = 3.5. We confirm the existence of quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 3, demonstrating their SFRs are suppressed by > ×15.
ESTUDO DA ATIVIDADE DA ENZIMA PECTINAMETILESTERASE OBTIDA A PARTIR DO ALBEDO DE MARACUJÁ-AMARELO (Passiflora edulis f. Flavicarpa), FRESCO E LIOFILIZADO, EM DIFERENTES GRAUS DE MATURAÇÃO
Authors: Chaicouski Adeline , Silva Marcio , Canteri Maria Helene Giovanetti
Published: October 2016

Pectina é um termo genérico para indicar a mistura de diferentes compostos na qual o ácido pectínico é o componente em maior quantidade, localizada na parede celular einterligada com outros polissacarídeos estruturais (celulose e hemicelulose) e proteínas para formar a estrutura da célula vegetal. As pectinases, enzimas pécticas ou enzimas pectinolíticas são responsáveis pela hidrólise das substâncias pécticas. A pectinametilesterase-PME é uma enzima que desesterifica a pectina de alto grau de metoxilação, tornando-a de baixo grau de metoxilação ou ácido péctico.Durante a reação são formados carboxilatos livres e metanol. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a atividade da enzima PME em extrato bruto obtido do albedo de maracujás verdes e maduros, frescos e liofilizados. Percebe-se que a metodologia de determinação de atividade por espectroscopia foi fácil de realizar e apresentou bons resultados. Entre as amostras frescas e liofilizadas, houve um aumento na atividade após as amostras serem liofilizadas. A partir dos resultados, pode-se selecionar o maracujá verde como melhor grau de maturação, e a liofilização como conservação da amostra.
TEMPERATURA DO LEITE MENSURADA PELO TERMOSTATO E TERMÔMETRO EM DIFERENTES PONTOS DO TANQUE DE EXPANSÃO
Authors: Oliveira Raphael Veiga de , Cunha Adriano França da , Castilho Natália Parma Augusto de , Fernandes Eduardo Nogueira , Silva Simone Quintão , Souza Fernando Nogueira de , Cerqueira Mônica Maria Oliveira Pinho
Published: October 2016

O resfriamento do leite após a ordenha em todas as dimensões dos tanques de expansão deve preservar as características do leite. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a temperatura do leite cru mensurada por termostato e termômetro em pontos superficiais e do fundo de 33 tanques de expansão no Vale do Rio Doce (MG). Os dados foram relacionados com a qualidade do leite e conhecimento dos produtores quanto à refrigeração do leite. A temperatura média mensurada pelo termostato do tanque de refrigeração foi inferior (p<0,05) às temperaturas médias mensuradas pelos termômetros, mas estas foram iguais (p>0,05) em pontos diferentes no interior do tanque. A contagem bacteriana do leite foi maior (p<0,05) em tanques com alta temperatura de armazenamento, o que causou desconformidade de 42,4% de amostras quanto a legislação. A falta de informação dos produtores a respeito da refrigeração correta do leite e a refrigeração inadequada de tanques comprometeram a qualidade e conformidade de 10% de amostras quanto à legislação. A manutenção e inspeção de tanques devem ser efetivadas de forma constante.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS VARIÁVEIS DE PROCESSO SOBRE A SECAGEM OSMO-CONVECTIVA DE PIMENTÃO VERDE
Authors: Alves Tales Prado , Nicoleti Joel Fernando
Published: October 2016

O pimentão é uma fruta de clima tropical rica em constituintes benéficos na dieta humana. Sua coloração brilhante e seu sabor pungente são atrativos em diversas formulações de alimentos. Porém, apresenta uma vida útil muito curta, devido ao seu alto conteúdo de umidade. A desidratação osmótica seguida da secagem convencional é uma técnica que confere o aumento da vida de prateleira deste produto.  O presente manuscrito teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito das variáveis de processo, entre elas da desidratação osmótica (DO) – tempo de contato, concentração e temperatura da solução – e da temperatura do ar de secagem sobre a cinética de secagem convectiva de fatias de pimentão verde. Foi proposto um planejamento experimental fatorial, com três pontos centrais, combinado com a metodologia de superfície de resposta. A solução osmótica foi preparada com sal, açúcar e água destilada em proporções pré-definidas e na secagem convectiva foi utilizada uma estufa de circulação forçada. A cinética de secagem foi ajustada pelos modelos teórico da segunda lei de Fick e empírico de Page. A avaliação estatística dos modelos empregados sugere que o modelo de Page foi o que melhor descreveu a cinética de secagem. Pelo delineamento fatorial foi possível observar que somente o efeito linear da temperatura do ar de secagem teve efeito significativo (p≤0,05) sobre a difusividade efetiva e o parâmetro “n” da equação de Page, enquanto que a constante “k” deste último modelo, não apresentou uma tendência definida em função das variáveis de processo.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E SENSORIAL DE EXTRATO HIDROSSOLÚVEL DE SOJA OBTIDO POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE PROCESSAMENTO.
Authors: Barros Érica Amanda de , Venturini Filho Waldemar Gastoni
Published: October 2016

A soja é considerada alimento de alto valor nutritivo por ser fonte de energia, proteínas, vitaminas, antioxidantes e minerais. Em função da sua riqueza nutricional, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar as características físico-química e sensorial de Extrato Hidrossolúvel de Soja (EHS) obtido por dois métodos de processamento (extração a quente e a frio), bem como determinar a composição centesimal e o valor energético da soja e do okara. O planejamento experimental foi delineado pela produção do EHS em vaca mecânica (tratamento 1-método 1) e em caldeirão de alumínio (tratamento 2-método 2). As análises realizadas para caracterizar o EHS fisico-quimicamente foram umidade, proteínas, lipídios, cinzas, carboidratos, fibra bruta (composição centesimal), pH, acidez titulável, sólidos totais, sólidos solúveis, açúcares redutores e açúcares redutores totais. O EHS também foi analisado sensorialmente pelo teste de aceitação (escala hedônica). Para o grão de soja e o okara realizou-se a análise centesimal. A proporção soja:água (1:10) utilizada no processamento foi elevada, como consequência, o EHS obtido pelo método de extração a frio (caldeirão de alumínio) apresentou reduzidas concentrações de proteína quando comparado ao exigido por lei (mínimo de 3%). Os provadores não notaram diferença sensorial entre os métodos utilizados na elaboração do EHS, com exceção do atributo odor que diferiu significativamente. Os provadores demonstraram baixa aceitação ao EHS, por avaliarem a maioria dos atributos com notas em torno de 5, indicando indiferença ao produto.
DESENVOLVIMENTO E DETERMINAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE HAMBÚRGUER DE CARNE DE BÚFALO ENRIQUECIDO COM FIBRA DE LARANJA
Authors: Neres Lilaine De Sousa , Lourenço Júnior José De Brito , Sousa Fagner Freires de , Peixoto Joele Maria Regina Sarkis , Lourenço Costa Vanessa Vieira , Noronha Gerlane Nunes
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e determinar a qualidade de hambúrguer de carne de búfalo com adição de fibra de laranja (FL). Foram elaboradas quatro formulações, F1 (controle), F2, F3 e F4, com 0, 6, 8 e 10% de FL respectivamente. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à composição físico-química, qualidade microbiológica e aceitação sensorial. A composição físico-química das formulações diferiu (p>0,05) quanto aos teores de umidade, lipídios, proteínas e valor calórico. As análises microbiológicas remetem a uma boa qualidade das matérias primas utilizadas, bem como, condições higiênico-sanitárias adequadas durante a preparação dos produtos. Na avaliação sensorial não houve diferença entre as formulações estudadas, entretanto, F1 foi a mais indicada no teste de intenção de compra. O cálculo de custo de produção foi baseado na formulação com 6% de FL. Assim, na elaboração de 20 kg de hambúrguer de carne de búfalo com fibra de laranja, o custo total foi de R$ 265,97, o que corresponde a um custo unitário de R$ 0,53/50 g do derivado, valor que permite lucratividade de 47% com base no valor de comercialização no varejo. Dessa forma, a produção desse produto permite a agregação de valor à carne de búfalo e oferece aos consumidores um produto com características nutricionais diferenciadas, pela adição de FL, sem efeito negativo nas características sensoriais desejadas, além de minimizar os impactos ambientais, através do aproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais em vários produtos alimentícios, a exemplo do desenvolvido neste trabalho.
EXTRAÇÃO PROTÉICA DO FARELO DE SOJA UTILIZADA NA FORMULAÇÃO DE SUCEDÂNEO DE LEITE PARA ALIMENTAÇÃO ANIMAL
Authors: Aguiar Claudio Lima , Freixo Juliana Moraes , Santos Samira Campos Teixeira , Okuda Marcos Hiromu , Yamaguchi Margarida Masami
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi a otimização do processo de extração de proteínas do farelo de soja em água no intuito de produzir uma bebida láctea com maior teor de proteínas para alimentação animal. Aplicou-se modelo estatístico multivariado compreendido por fatorial completo 2³, sendo considerada a influência de três variáveis: temperatura, pH e porcentagem de cloreto de sódio contra a variável-resposta extração protéica (%). Observou-se que durante a extração protéica em função do tempo, o Tratamento 5 apresentou maiores teores de carboidratos (90,4 g/L) e fenólicos totais (7,08 g/L), no entanto, o teor de proteínas para este Tratamento não foi o maior. O aumento da extração protéica é maior em função do maior tempo de aquecimento, visto que o Tratamento 8 apresentou o maior teor de proteínas (3,7±0,57%). A partir dos resultados obtidos, a variável pH foi o fator mais determinante na extração de proteínas da soja em solução aquosa. Concluiu-se que no planejamento experimental foi possível obter diferentes valores para a variável resposta extração protéica do farelo de soja em água. No entanto, os parâmetros adotados de pH, temperatura e porcentagem de cloreto de sódio, não foram suficientes para a otimização do processo extrativo, visto que o modelo matemático foi significativo, no entanto não se apresentou como preditivo.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA, NUTRICIONAL E DE COMPOSTOS VOLÁTEIS DE FRUTOS DE Jacaratia spinosa PROVENIENTES DE TRÊS REGIÕES DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO-BRASIL
Authors: Prospero Evanilda Teresinha Perissinotto , Silva Paula Porrelli Moreira da , Spoto Marta Helena Fillet
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a partir de três lotes a fruta in natura do Jacaratia spinosa (AUBL) A.DC, jaracatiá, quanto aos parâmetros peso, comprimento, largura, densidade, textura, cor da casca, cor da polpa, atividade de água; pH, teor de sólidos solúveis (TSS), acidez titulável (AT), carotenóides, ácido ascórbico; umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, fibras solúveis e fibras insolúveis, açucares totais, açucares redutores e valor calórico total (VCT). O jaracatiá é fruta nativa do bioma Mata Atlântica, localizado na região de São Pedro-São Paulo- Brasil, onde se produz doce típico da gastronomia tradicional. O J.spinosa (Aubl.) A.DC é uma árvore em risco de extinção em muitos estados brasileiros e pouco se conhece da fruta. As amostras foram coletadas nos municípios de Brotas, São Pedro e Santa Maria da Serra. Entre as regiões de coleta, a amostra de Brotas se caracterizou pelos parâmetros de textura e comprimento, de São Pedro, pela cor (hue) e de Santa Maria da Serra pela Luminosidade da Casca, Ácido Ascórbico, Atividade de Água e Teor de Sólidos solúveis. Possui baixos valores de Sódio, é pouco calórico (VCT) e tem “altos teores” de fibras; salientam-se os teores de Ca, Mg e K além da presença de Fe e Cu em valores duas vezes maiores que o do mamão. Dentre os compostos voláteis destacam-se: Methyl-D3 1- Dideuterio-2-Propenyl Ether; Hexanal; 2-Hexanal; 2-Methyl-But-2-Enoic acidmethylester; 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-Dimethyl, (E); 1,6-Octadien-3-Ol, 3,7-Dimethyl.