bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on the outcome of preoperative pulmonary function tests on a patient undergoing rheumatic mitral valve surgery
Authors: Khurana Harneet S. , Kamath Sushmit , Ghosh Kakali , Biswas Arunava , Dasgupta Chaitali Sen
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims:

Evaluation of pulmonary function by spirometer in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery is a simple test to assess pulmonary reserve that has important implications in operative morbidity. However, there is no established consensus regarding which patients should undergo preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs), including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The primary aim was to evaluate the outcome of preoperative PFTs on patients undergoing rheumatic mitral valve surgery.

Material and Methods:

One hundred patients undergoing rheumatic mitral valve surgery, meeting the inclusion criteria, were included in this prospective observational study. The pulmonary function of the patients was assessed using a spirometer before surgery. Preoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and arterial blood gas (ABG) analyses were also performed. The correlation of PFTs with early postsurgical outcome, comprising mortality within 30 days of surgery and morbidity defined as the existence of at least one of the postoperative complications, such as low cardiac output state indicated by increased requirement of inotropes, prolonged ventilation (>24 hours), postoperative new-onset hemodynamically significant arrhythmias, renal dysfunction, and post-op infection, was assessed.

Results:

With the increasing New York Heart Association (NYHA) class of the patient, there was a decline of FEV1% and FVC%, which was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation of FVC% with preoperative saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) and preoperative saturation of peripheral carbon dioxide (PaO2) and FEV1% with preoperative SpO2 and preoperative PaO2. Patients who had postoperative prolonged ventilation had lower values of FVC% and FEV1%, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The patients who expired had significantly lower values of FVC% and FEV1%.

Conclusions:

Preoperative lung function has an implication on intraoperative morbidity during cardiac surgery although a common consensus on its application is lacking. Preoperative spirometry can be one of the parameters for predicting postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing rheumatic mitral valve surgery. Spirometry might have a role to play in predicting patient outcomes in rheumatic mitral valve surgeries; however, larger well-powered studies are needed.
Antimicrobial peptides as new-generation antibiotics against Mycobacterium
Authors: Eslami Parisa , Khosravi Adnan
Published: March 2024

More than 10 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) in 2019 have made TB a global health problem. The increase in infection has caused an increase in the use of antibiotics for treatment, but with the spread of antibiotic use and the emergence of antibiotic resistance, the treatment has become difficult. This issue highlights the need to find a suitable alternative more than in the past. This matter emphasizes the urgency of discovering a viable substitute more than ever before. These obstacles underscore the necessity of developing innovative approaches that are not only cost-effective and efficient but also possess reduced levels of toxicity. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) possess a wide range of characteristics, which positions them as highly promising alternatives for a future era that follows the use of antibiotics. Here, we will focus on investigating AMPs from different sources, such as animal, nonanimal, and synthetic, with their inhibitory activity against TB as a therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate different aspects of using AMPs to deal with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a new strategy in its treatment. For this purpose, we studied more than 50 articles with the keywords peptide, AMP, and M. tuberculosis and investigated the importance of AMP against TB by searching valuable data sources such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. In this study, the effect of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against mycobacteria was investigated. With the review done and considering all the advantages and challenges of AMPs, we concluded that this class of new antibiotics can be used as a long-term strategy to fight TB. As a result, we suggest research priorities to discover and optimize the challenges of these peptides as TB treatment and diagnostic methods in different countries.
Bacterial Contamination of Blood Products Stored at Room Temperature on Agitator in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Davies-Folorunso Tesleemah Oluwakemi , Muhibi Musa Abidemi , Folorunso Jamiu Bello , Olaniyi Olufemi David , Ademosun Abdulwaheed Adewale , Abdulganiy Nuryn , Kosamat Yekeen Adebisi , Kanikwu Phoebe Nwamaka , Osikomaiya Bodunrin Ibitola , Olaniyan Mathew Folaranmi
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

The relevance of some plasma-based medicinal products, especially platelet concentrates in modern medical care, is confirmed by their inclusion in the World Health Organization Essential Medicines. Therefore, this study characterized bacterial contamination in blood donor’s platelet concentrates in Lagos State.

METHODS:

A total number of 10 units of screened blood were collected and platelet concentrates were serially sampled following an aseptic procedure and stored for a period of 8 days (day 1 to day 8). The samples were incubated at 37°C on a daily basis for 7 days in brain–heart infusion growth medium and thioglycolate broth, respectively. The identities of the isolated organisms were determined by following standard microbiological techniques. The resistance pattern of isolates to selected antimicrobial agents was also determined by disc diffusion method.

RESULTS:

The results obtained showed that the overall prevalence of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates stored at room temperature was 20% (2/10), with the growth on the 1st day of culture. The pattern of the bacterial isolates was Staphylococcus aureus – 10% (1/10) and Staphylococcus epidermidis – 10% (1/10) from 10 platelet concentrates with agitation for 8 days with no evidence of co-bacterial contamination. The resistance pattern of the bacterial isolates to different selected antibiotics ranged from 50% to 100%. There was no significant difference in P value obtained in the comparative analysis of the proportions of S. aureus and S. epidermidis in platelet concentrates (P = 1.000; P > 0.05). The findings of this study also confirmed the presence of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria in the blood component for transfusion studied in Lagos; the organisms isolated were S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The resistance pattern of the bacteria to the antibiotics ranged from 50% to 100%.

CONCLUSION:

This work revealed evidence of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates prepared for transfusion with an overall bacterial contamination of 20% (S. aureus – 10%; S. epidermidis – 10%) with no evidence of co-bacterial contamination but with evidence of S. aureus and S. epidermidis multidrug resistance, hence the need for proper storage and screening of platelet concentrates for bacterial contamination before transfusion to avoid platelet aggregation that may lead to fatal complications in the recipient.
To study the role of tofacitinib and betamethasone pulse in the treatment of vitiligo at a tertiary care centre: an observational comparative study
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Shandilya Surabhi , Bhaikhel Kamalpreet Kaur , Maddali Gopi Krishna
Published: March 2024

Background: According to recent updates, both genetic and non-genetic factors play a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, and CD8T lymphocytes and interferon γ are also known to result in vitiligo. The new oral biologic tofacitinib, which is a Janus kinase inhibitor, is a new addition to the armamentarium of immunosuppressive therapy to halt disease progression in vitiligo. Tofacitinib is also known to inhibit IFN-γ mediated inflammation, which is an important step in the development of vitiligo lesions. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to compare tofacitinib with betamethasone pulse in reducing the disease activity with respect to reduction in VASI (vitiligo area severity index) and BSA (body surface area) in patients with vitiligo. The primary objective was to see the efficacy of tofacitinib over betamethasone in the treatment of vitiligo, and the secondary objective was to assess its safety in treating vitiligo patients. Methodology: All the patients with vitiligo of age >12 years attending the dermatology clinic of our institute and willing to give written informed consent were included in the study. Group A patients were prescribed betamethasone 4 mg twice weekly, and group B patients were given tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily, followed by sun exposure in both groups, and photography was done at each monthly visit. Results: The mean change in VASI and BSA in the tofacitinib group was better at each visit than in the betamethasone group. The mean VASI scores at baseline, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd visits were 13.64, 12.79, 11.57, and 10.57, respectively, and the mean BSA at baseline, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd visits were 10.80, 9.75, 8.30, and 7.75 respectively, in the betamethasone group. Similarly, in the tofacitinib group, mean BSA values from baseline to the 3rd visit were consecutively 11.47, 9.50, 7.50, and 5.25, and mean VASIs were 14.92, 12.46, 9.46, and 7.08, respectively. Further, mean changes in BSA and VASI from baseline at each visit. as depicted in graphs 1 and 2, were more in tofacitinib group. There was no side effect in either group at any of the visits. Conclusion: Tofacitinib, along with sun exposure, can cause faster repigmentation and faster control of disease activity, as evident from mean changes at each visit, than oral betamethasone pulse in vitiligo patients.
Xiao Tan San Jie Fang Hampers the Growth of Colon Cancer Stem Cells through the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhou Yu-Qi , Yuan Jun-Fei , Shen Hong-Shi , Wang Ya-Ping , Shi Han-Fei , Pan De-Jian , Ye Min
Published: March 2024

Objective:

The purpose of this research was to examine the potential anticancer properties of Xiao Tan San Jie Fang (XTSJF) and its potential mechanism of action against colorectal cancer.

Materials and Methods:

HCT116 cells were induced into HCT116 spheres in DMEM/F12 medium by treatment with epidermal growth factor + fibroblast growth factor + leukemia inhibitory factor + B27. The proliferation ability and stemness of HCT116 spheres was examined. Various concentrations of XTSJF were used to treat HCT116 spheres to observe the impact on proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of stem cell markers. Next, Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related factor proteins were detected.

Results:

The findings revealed that XTSJF suppressed cell growth and induced cell death in HCT116 cells in a dosage-dependent manner. Similarly, XTSJF promotes apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, prolongs survival, and maintains the expression of stem cells through the Wnt/-catenin/TCF4 axis. XTSJF also inhibits AKT activity and subsequently activates glycogen synthesis kinase-3β expression, inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin pathway activity and downstream target gene transcript expression. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is inhibited by the XTSJF, leading to the suppression of colon cancer stem cell proliferation.

Conclusion:

Xiaotan Sanjie Prescription inhibited colon cancer stem cell growth through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Study on Evaluation of Execution Capability Based on Artificial Intelligence CIPP Model
Authors: Dong Hui
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: The rapid change in artificial intelligence has evaluated ideological and political education ability in colleges and universities as a significant challenge.OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of competence of universities in ideological and political education to determine the effectiveness and efficacy of educational programs and to provide a basis for improving and upgrading academic competence.METHODS: Based on the CIPP model, the author constructed an index system and selected a suitable evaluation model to conduct a study on the evaluation of ideological and political competence of colleges and universities in the context of Artificial Intelligence, which helps to understand the background conditions, resource allocation, teaching activities and quality of teaching of educational programs, as well as the level of ideological and political literacy of the students and their achievements.RESULTS: The evaluation results show that this kind of evaluation research helps to improve and enhance the capacity of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and at the same time, it can dig into the implementation effect of the educational program, find problems and shortcomings, and promote the continuous improvement of the educational program.CONCLUSION: Through evaluation, the quality and level of ideological and political education in colleges and universities can improve students' ideological and political literacy and sense of social responsibility. In addition, based on this, it makes the development of ideological and political ability in colleges and universities can be better adapted to the era of artificial intelligence.
Evaluation of Factors Influencing Handgrip Strength Asymmetry in Older Peruvian Adults
Authors: Zevallos Alba , Pajuelo-Vásquez Renzo , Camacho-Caballero Kiara , Corcuera-Ciudad Rodrigo , Goicochea-Romero Paola , Gutiérrez-Baca Wendy , Chambergo-Michilot Diego , Parodi José F. , Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M.
Published: March 2024

Background: Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disease involving the reduction of muscle mass, strength, and performance. Handgrip strength (HGS) measurements included in frailty assessments are great biomarkers of aging and are related to functional deficits. We assessed the association between potential influencing factors and HGS asymmetry in older Peruvian adults.Methods: We used a database of the Peruvian Naval Medical Center "Cirujano Santiago Távara" located in Callao, Peru. All the patients included were ≥60 years old and had an HGS measurement in the dominant and non-dominant hand.Results: From a total of 1,468 patients, 74.66% had HGS asymmetry. After adjustment, calf circumference weakness (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.15), falls risk (aPR = 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02–1.16), and an altered Lawton index (aPR=0.92; 95% CI, 0.84–0.99) were associated with HGS asymmetry.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that HGS asymmetry should be measured along with other geriatric assessments used to evaluate health outcomes in the elderly to enhance health promotion and prevention aimed at preserving muscle strength to curb functional limitations in the elderly.
Practical guide: Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Alqifari Saleh Fahad , Alkomi Omar , Esmail Abdullah , Alkhawami Khadijeh , Yousri Shahd , Muqresh Mohamad Ayham , Alharbi Nawwarah , Khojah Abdullah A , Aljabri Ahmed , Allahham Abdulrahman , Prabahar Kousalya , Alshareef Hanan , Aldhaeefi Mohammed , Alrasheed Tariq , Alrabiah Ali , AlBishi Laila A
Published: March 2024

In 2005, exenatide became the first approved glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since then, numerous GLP-1 RAs have been approved, including tirzepatide, a novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RA, which was approved in 2022. This class of drugs is considered safe with no hypoglycemia risk, making it a common second-line choice after metformin for treating T2DM. Various considerations can make selecting and switching between different GLP-1 RAs challenging. Our study aims to provide a comprehensive guide for the usage of GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RAs for the management of T2DM.
Predictive value of angiopoietin-like protein 8 in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and its progression: A case-control study
Authors: Gan Lu-Lu , Xia Can , Zhu Xuan , Gao Yue , Wu Wen-Chang , Li Qi , Li Ling , Dai Zhe , Yan Yi-Min
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is rapidly increasing, currently affecting approximately 25% of the global population. Liver fibrosis represents a crucial stage in the development of MAFLD, with advanced liver fibrosis elevating the risks of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Simple serum markers are less effective in diagnosing liver fibrosis compared to more complex markers. However, imaging techniques like transient elastography face limitations in clinical application due to equipment and technical constraints. Consequently, it is imperative to identify a straightforward yet effective method for assessing MAFLD-associated liver fibrosis.

AIM

To investigate the predictive value of angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) in MAFLD and its progression.

METHODS

We analyzed 160 patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography in the Endocrinology Department, Xiaogan Central Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, during September 2021-July 2022. Using abdominal ultrasonography and MAFLD diagnostic criteria, among the 160 patients, 80 patients (50%) were diagnosed with MAFLD. The MAFLD group was divided into the liver fibrosis group (n = 23) and non-liver fibrosis group (n = 57) by using a cut-off fibrosis-4 index ≥ 1.45. Logistical regression was used to analyze the risk of MAFLD and the risk factors for its progression. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of serum ANGPTL8 in MAFLD and its progression.

RESULTS

Compared with non-MAFLD patients, MAFLD patients had higher serum ANGPTL8 and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (both P < 0.05). Serum ANGPTL8 (r = 0.576, P < 0.001) and TyG index (r = 0.473, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with MAFLD. Serum ANGPTL8 was a risk factor for MAFLD [odds ratio (OR): 1.123, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.066-1.184, P < 0.001). Serum ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL8 + TyG index predicted MAFLD [area under the curve (AUC): 0.832 and 0.886, respectively; both P < 0.05]. Compared with MAFLD patients without fibrosis, those with fibrosis had higher serum ANGPTL8 and TyG index (both P < 0.05), and both parameters were positively correlated with MAFLD-associated fibrosis. Elevated serum ANGPTL8 (OR: 1.093, 95%CI: 1.044-1.144, P < 0.001) and TyG index (OR: 2.383, 95%CI: 1.199-4.736, P < 0.013) were risk factors for MAFLD-associated fibrosis. Serum ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL8 + TyG index predicted MAFLD-associated fibrosis (AUC: 0.812 and 0.835, respectively; both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The serum levels of ANGPTL8 are elevated and positively correlated with MAFLD. They can serve as predictors for the risk of MAFLD and liver fibrosis, with the ANGPTL8 + TyG index potentially exhibiting even higher predictive value.
Comparative efficacy of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world experience
Authors: Islam Lubna , Jose Dhanya , Alkhalifah Mohammed , Blaibel Dania , Chandrabalan Vishnu , Pappachan Joseph M
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are a class of drugs with modest antidiabetic efficacy, weight loss effect, and cardiovascular benefits as proven by multiple randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, real-world data on the comparative efficacy and safety of individual SGLT-2i medications is sparse.

AIM

To study the comparative efficacy and safety of SGLT-2i using real-world clinical data.

METHODS

We evaluated the comparative efficacy data of 3 SGLT-2i drugs (dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and empagliflozin) used for treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data on the reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight, blood pressure (BP), urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), and adverse effects were recorded retrospectively.

RESULTS

Data from 467 patients with a median age of 64 (14.8) years, 294 (62.96%) males and 375 (80.5%) Caucasians were analysed. Median diabetes duration was 16.0 (9.0) years, and the duration of SGLT-2i use was 3.6 (2.1) years. SGLT-2i molecules used were dapagliflozin 10 mg (n = 227; 48.6%), canagliflozin 300 mg (n = 160; 34.3%), and empagliflozin 25 mg (n = 80; 17.1). Baseline median (interquartile range) HbA1c in mmol/mol were: dapagliflozin - 78.0 (25.3), canagliflozin - 80.0 (25.5), and empagliflozin - 75.0 (23.5) respectively. The respective median HbA1c reduction at 12 months and the latest review (just prior to the study) were: 66.5 (22.8) & 69.0 (24.0), 67.0 (16.3) & 66.0 (28.0), and 67.0 (22.5) & 66.5 (25.8) respectively (P < 0.001 for all comparisons from baseline). Significant improvements in body weight (in kilograms) from baseline to study end were noticed with dapagliflozin - 101 (29.5) to 92.2 (25.6), and canagliflozin 100 (28.3) to 95.3 (27.5) only. Significant reductions in median systolic and diastolic BP, from 144 (21) mmHg to 139 (23) mmHg; (P = 0.015), and from 82 (16) mmHg to 78 (19) mmHg; (P < 0.001) respectively were also observed. A significant reduction of microalbuminuria was observed with canagliflozin only [ACR 14.6 (42.6) at baseline to 8.9 (23.7) at the study end; P = 0.043]. Adverse effects of SGLT-2i were as follows: genital thrush and urinary infection - 20 (8.8%) & 17 (7.5%) with dapagliflozin; 9 (5.6%) & 5 (3.13%) with canagliflozin; and 4 (5%) & 4 (5%) with empagliflozin. Diabetic ketoacidosis was observed in 4 (1.8%) with dapagliflozin and 1 (0.63%) with canagliflozin.

CONCLUSION

Treatment of patients with SGLT-2i is associated with statistically significant reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and better than those reported in RCTs, with low side effect profiles. A review of large-scale real-world data is needed to inform better clinical practice decision making.
Dietary fiber intake and its association with diabetic kidney disease in American adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jia Xin-Hua , Wang Sheng-Yan , Sun Ai-Qin
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Dietary fiber (DF) intake may have a protective effect against type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, its relationship with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear.

AIM

To investigate the potential association between DF intake and the prevalence of DKD in individuals diagnosed with T2D.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between 2005 and 2018. DF intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recall interviews, and DKD diagnosis in individuals with T2D was based on predefined criteria, including albuminuria, impaired glomerular filtration rate, or a combination of both. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between DF intake and DKD, and comprehensive subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.

RESULTS

Among the 6032 participants, 38.4% had DKD. With lower DF intake-T1 (≤ 6.4 g/1000 kcal/day)-as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio for DF and DKD for levels T2 (6.5-10.0 g/1000 kcal/day) and T3 (≥ 10.1 g/1000 kcal/day) were 0.97 (95%CI: 0.84-1.12, P = 0.674) and 0.79 (95%CI: 0.68-0.92, P = 0.002), respectively. The subgroup analysis yielded consistent results across various demographic and health-related subgroups, with no statistically significant interactions (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

In United States adults with T2D, increased DF intake may be related to reduced DKD incidence. Further research is required to confirm these findings.
Jianpi Gushen Huayu decoction ameliorated diabetic nephropathy through modulating metabolites in kidney, and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 and JNK/P38 pathways
Authors: Ma Zi-Ang , Wang Li-Xin , Zhang Hui , Li Han-Zhou , Dong Li , Wang Qing-Hai , Wang Yuan-Song , Pan Bao-Chao , Zhang Shu-Fang , Cui Huan-Tian , Lv Shu-Quan
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Jianpi Gushen Huayu Decoction (JPGS) has been used to clinically treat diabetic nephropathy (DN) for many years. However, the protective mechanism of JPGS in treating DN remains unclear.

AIM

To evaluate the therapeutic effects and the possible mechanism of JPGS on DN.

METHODS

We first evaluated the therapeutic potential of JPGS on a DN mouse model. We then investigated the effect of JPGS on the renal metabolite levels of DN mice using non-targeted metabolomics. Furthermore, we examined the effects of JPGS on c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/P38-mediated apoptosis and the inflammatory responses mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3).

RESULTS

The ameliorative effects of JPGS on DN mice included the alleviation of renal injury and the control of inflammation and oxidative stress. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that JPGS altered the metabolites of the kidneys in DN mice. A total of 51 differential metabolites were screened. Pathway analysis results indicated that nine pathways significantly changed between the control and model groups, while six pathways significantly altered between the model and JPGS groups. Pathways related to cysteine and methionine metabolism; alanine, tryptophan metabolism; aspartate and glutamate metabolism; and riboflavin metabolism were identified as the key pathways through which JPGS affects DN. Further experimental validation showed that JPGS treatment reduced the expression of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways and JNK/P38 pathway-mediated apoptosis related factors.

CONCLUSION

JPGS could markedly treat mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN, which is possibly related to the regulation of several metabolic pathways found in kidneys. Furthermore, JPGS could improve kidney inflammatory responses and ameliorate kidney injuries in DN mice via the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and inhibit JNK/P38 pathway-mediated apoptosis in DN mice.
Effects of vitamin family members on insulin resistance and diabetes complications
Authors: Chen Hong-Jin , Wang Min , Zou Ding-Min , Liang Gui-You , Yang Si-Yuan
Published: March 2024

The following letter to the editor highlights the article “Effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk factors for insulin resistance” in World J Diabetes 2023 Oct 15; 14 (10): 1514-1523. It is necessary to explore the role of vitamin family members in insulin resistance and diabetes complications.
Humoral anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response for different strains after Sinovac-CoronaVac and Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S) full vaccination on a healthcare population in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Maicon Jeferson Silva de , Nascimento Beatriz Birelli do , Oliveira Fernanda de Assis , Mahelly Bueno de Almeida  , Rodrigues Márcio , Carvalho Flavia Cristina Cardoso , Barioni Éric Diego , Loiola Rodrigo Azevedo , Oliveira Rômulo Tadeu Dias de , Rocha Gustavo Henrique Oliveira da
Published: March 2024

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is a global respiratory syndrome with high mortality rates. Vaccination is currently the only proven method to prevent the disease, although the role of lab data in assessing efficacy remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess spike-binding and neutralizing antibody levels following full vaccination with Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) or CoronaVac in healthcare workers in southeastern Brazil. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and CoronaVac induced IgG antibodies against trimeric spike glycoproteins in 99.5% and 80.9% of individuals, respectively. Neutralizing antibodies were produced against two viral strains groups: variants group 1 (Wuhan-Hu-1, Alpha) and variants group 2 (Beta, Gamma) with neutralization rates of 88.3% and 78.2% for ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and 68.1% and 48.9% for CoronaVac. No associations were found between neutralizing levels and comorbidities, age, or side effects. A positive correlation was observed between IgG antibody concentrations against trimeric spike glycoproteins and neutralizing levels for both vaccines and variants. These findings indicate that both vaccines induced reasonable levels of neutralizing antibodies against variants group 1, but only ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 maintained acceptable levels against a variant strain. The study suggests that evaluating vaccine responses to different pathogen strains can aid in managing healthcare workforce concerns and improve vaccine selection, thereby enhancing overall vaccination strategies.
Reconhecimento automático de manuscritos para o teste de idiomas não latinos
Authors: Vidal-Gorène Chahan
Published: March 2024

Este tutorial tem como objetivo descrever as boas práticas para a criação de conjuntos de dados e para a especialização dos modelos em função de um projeto HTR (Handwritten Text Recognition – em português, Reconhecimento de Texto Manuscrito) ou OCR (Optical Character Recoginition – em português, Reconhecimento Ótico de Caracteres) de documentos que não utilizam o alfabeto latino e, portanto, para os quais não existe ou é muito escassa a existência de dados para processamento. Assim, este tutorial visa mostrar abordagens de "minimal computing" (em português, computação mínima) para analisar coleções digitais de grande escala em línguas não latinas. O nosso tutorial concentrar-se-á num exemplo em grego antigo, propondo uma abertura ao tratamento de manuscritos em árabe magrebino.
Konsep Moderasi Beragama dalam Islam Perspektif Habib ‘Ali al-Jufri
Authors: Sutrisno Andri , Arcylla Dian Ratri
Published: March 2024

The rise of socio-religious conflicts that have occurred in Indonesia in recent years has caused the condition of Indonesian society to be threatened. Such as the case of acts of terrorism by ISIS networks and radical Islamic groups. Also the movement against pancasila by the leader of the Jemaah Islamiyah group, Abu Bakar Ba'asyir. One of the factors causing the emergence of religious social conflicts is the existence of differences in views and beliefs about something. Overcoming this, religious moderation is conceptualized as a powerful solution in controlling radical and extreme ideas. In this study, researchers felt the need to reexamine the concept of religious moderation from the frame of Islam in the view of Habib 'Ali al-Jufri. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with the type of literature research. The focus of research by researchers is taken from two points, namely; a) the concept of religious moderation in the Islamic perspective of Habib 'Ali al-Jufri; b) the relevance of the concept of religious moderation in Islam from Habib 'Ali al-Jufri's perspective to the religious diversity of Indonesian society. Religious moderation according to Habib 'Ali al-Jufri is a person's religious perspective or attitude while still maintaining human values. In such conditions, the similarity of form as a creature of Allah SWT becomes a factor to be generous with various differences. The concept of religious moderation by Habib 'Ali al-Jufri is very important and very relevant to be applied in Indonesia. Considering Indonesia with a Muslim majority and various mass organizations in it. Thus, the concept of humanizing humans is the main indicator in realizing the glory and glory of Muslims in Indonesia.
Current Concepts in Alveolar Ridge Augmentation
Authors: Goyal Divya
Published: March 2024

Ridge augmentation is a predictable procedure that can correct the defects caused by bone loss in areas with missing teeth. More importantly, this procedure allows the chance to return the natural contours of the soft tissues that existed before the loss of the tooth. It is done in patients with insufficient bone height and width by using various bone substitute materials and bone graft procedures where the successful placement of dental implants is difficult with regards to maintaining an ideal pathway and avoiding important anatomical structures. This review article will be carried out to describe the various techniques of ridge augmentation.
Regenerative Endodontics -Present Practice to Promising Prospects: A Literature Review
Authors: Mujawar Asiya Sameer
Published: March 2024

Regenerative endodontics is an innovative field within dentistry that aims to restore damaged dental pulp using stem cells, tissue engineering techniques and biocompatible materials. This article provides an overview of the current trends in regenerative endodontics, highlighting recent research findings. Stem cells obtained from different sources like dental pulp, bone marrow and adipose tissue possess the ability to differentiate into cells similar to dental pulp and facilitate the regeneration of tissues. The use of biocompatible substances, such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) biodentine, offers an ideal setting for tissue growth and healing. Dental scaffolds, made from biodegradable materials, support the development of new blood vessels, nerve fibers and dental pulp-like tissues. Growth factors, like PDGF and TGF-β, are incredibly important in stimulating cell growth and specialization. Researchers and clinical trials are currently working on improving regenerative endodontic procedures, with promising results seen in terms of pulp regeneration and root development. By embracing these trends, dental professionals can offer innovative solutions for restoring damaged dental pulp and preserving natural teeth. The present article, is an overview of regenerative endodontics, exploring the current trends that are shaping the future of this field.
Aplikasi Pengolahan Citra Mri Untuk Deteksi Area Kanker Otak Dengan Menggunakan Metode Robinson
Authors: Armansyah M.Albi
Published: March 2024

Brain cancer can originate from neural elements in brain tissue that are not normal, this brain cancer is primary or is a metastasis. Disorders caused by brain cancer can damage the central nerves in the brain and result in cognitive nervous system damage. Based on data compiled by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, more than 126,000 people worldwide suffer from brain cancer each year and more than 97,000 die. Several things are related because it is difficult to see visually because in general the boundaries are not clear what else if it is still at an early stage, the contrast is not clear and sometimes even resembles normal tissue. The problem faced by experts is that it is difficult to distinguish brain cancer from normal tissue if the age of brain cancer is still in its early stages because the contrast is still not clear. The Robinson method was introduced by Robinson in 1997. This operator is identical to a 6x6 matrix with H1 to H8, because a 3 level Robinson operator convolution table calculates the direction and presence of an edge is done in 2 steps, the main step of the calculation method is the same as the Kirsch calculation, the difference is only on the mask (kernel) value
Analisa Keaslian Tanda Tangan Dengan Menerapkan Algoritma Ripemd160
Authors: Sianipar Jefri
Published: March 2024

Signature is one of the characteristics of every person. Signatures are widely used as a condition for ratifying legal documents. This becomes problematic if a transaction is problematic or fails due to signature forgery, of course this is very detrimental, so it is very important to verify the signature. One way to be able to identify a match signature is by utilizing image processing techniques. To get the identification of the signature match, the RIPEMD160 method is used which prioritizes processing the Hash value of a digital image to provide special characteristics for a digital image data, and at the same time as a data that will be used as a verifier for the authenticity of digital image data by processing the signature image and provides information that only the original signature would have. The result of this process will indicate that a signature matches or does not match and can distinguish itself from a signature that has an original verification and is not.
Implementasi Metode OCRA Penentuan Dosen Terbaik Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Tanjung Dewi Maulida Sari , Al-Adawiyah Robiah , Saputra Imam
Published: March 2024

Each lecturer has a different way of teaching, some are preferred by students and some are not liked by students. A lecturer is required to improve his performance in teaching and imparting the knowledge he has to his students, so there are several requirements that are used as criteria in determining the best lecturers including Doc Scopus, Position, Competence, Age, and Warning Letters. So that in this study a money system was made using a decision support system that could determine the best lecturers during the covid-19 pandemic. In its determination, data such as criteria, weights and alternatives are needed. So, in this study using the OCRA (Optional Competitiveness Rating Analysis) method to determine the Best Lecturer through data such as alternatives and criteria, it can be concluded that the second alternative (A2) is Kennedi as the best Lecturer with the best preference value of 3,837.
Ultisols with Unique Soil Properties and their Implications in Carbon Enhancement Strategies for Indian Tropical Soils
Authors:   Division of Soil Resource Studies, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur - 440 033, Pal D.K. , Chandran P. ,   Division of Soil Resource Studies, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur - 440 033, Paul Ranjan ,   Division of Soil Resource Studies, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur - 440 033, Datta Ashim ,   ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132001
Published: March 2024

Million years old Ultisols, developed as an end stage of advance soil weathering on base-poor rock systems under forest and plantation crops of the Indian sub-continent, are enriched with organic carbon (OC). Despite their remarkable acid chemical reaction, they show an upward increase in extractable bases (EB) and base saturation (BS) in the pedon, and on some occasion BS > 35% in surface horizons. Recent research suggests that the litter falls from forest species provide bases on soil surface, which causes similar depth distribution of EB and BS in Andisols of Nilgiri Hills of humid tropical southern India, developed on pre-weathered lateritic materials consisting primarily of Fe and Al oxides/ hydroxides. Under similar humid tropical (HT) climate in protected rain forest, million years old OC rich soils of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, developed on base-poor rock systems, have similar chemical and clay mineralogical properties of Ultisols except however their EB and BS, which are more than 10% and much above 50%, respectively and therefore, they are acidic Alfisols. Formation of Alfisols on the Island is a unique example on the formidable role of vegetation in soil formation, suggesting that if inland Ultisols are kept under natural protected forest ecosystem, they may phase towards Alfisols thereby facilitating OC sequestration and perform other ecosystem functions. The preservation of natural or semi-natural ecosystems is thus essential to raise the OC stocks of soils, which would help to gain various ecological benefits.
Assessment of soil salinity by geo-spatial technology in Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh
Authors:   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, Roy Plabani , De Nirmal ,   Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Jayant Hemant ,   Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Sharma Chandrashekhar ,   Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Singh Preeti ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Jharkhand-825405
Published: March 2024

Soils vary in their characteristics from one place to another place due to interactions of soil forming and processes. Assessment of spatial and temporal variation of characteristics is needed for any mean or use it's crucial to take into account the diverse spatial differences in soil properties, which has long in this context. Geographic information system (GIS) technology has enormous potential in the field of soil's assessment for upgrading soil statistic systems for an accurate and cost-effective means of understanding changes in the landscape. The future agricultural monitoring of the nutritional quality of the soil in diverse regions and villages is crucial. In this paper assessment of spatial variation of soil salinity using GIS techniques around the Ballia District of Uttar Pradesh is presented from the year 1994 to 2019. Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) was used. It showed increasing trend in salinity from 1994 to 2019 for each block. Using Landsat (TM/OLI) imageries with a 30 m spatial resolution, the spatial distribution of salinity from 1994 to 2019 was determined and low negative NDSI value was observed from - 0.143 to -0.117 in the southeast part of Ballia which can be an important explanation for soil degradation due to increasing soil salinity.
Effect of tillage and land levelling practices on productivity of transplanted rice: A case study in canal command area of north western plateau agro-climatic zone
Authors:   Institute of Agricultural Sciences, SOADU, Bhubaneswar-751003, Senapati S.C. , Gulati J.M.L. ,   Institute of Agricultural Sciences, SOADU, Bhubaneswar-751003, Sahu A.P. ,   College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, Paramaguru P.K. ,   ICAR-National Institute of Secondary Agriculture, Ranchi, Namkum - 834010, Pati J.K. ,   K.V.K. Sundargarh-II (Rourkela), O.U.A.T., Bhubaneswar-751003
Published: March 2024

An on-farm study on the response of transplanted rice to land preparation methods was undertaken on a sandy clay loam soil in Pitamahal irrigation command of Sundargarh district (Odisha) for two consecutive dry seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. The treatments included normal ploughing with desi plough followed by levelling of 0.5 – 1 % slope (T1), deep ploughing (20 - 25 cm) with bullock drawn M.B. plough followed by levelling of 0 - 0.25 % slope (T2), and farmers' practice of ploughing with desi plough and levelling varying 1-3 % slope (T3) for puddling operation. Deep ploughing (T2) resulted in higher root length (23.88 cm) and root 3 volume (81.75 cm ), owing to the initial rapid growth of roots promoted by deep ploughing that cracked the hardpan. This also increased the movement of water both laterally and vertically (7.44 mm per day) compared to T1 and T3's 5.11 and 5.71 m per day, respectively. The treatment also resulted in a significantly greater grain yield -1 (45.90 q ha ) due to a much larger effective tiller m-2 (423.40) and number of grains per panicle (71.80), as well as a higher net return per rupee spent (7.54) and benefitcost ratio (2.01).
The Effects of Fertilizer and Different Soil Conditioner to Yield and Yield Components in Chickpea Cultivars
Authors: Kara Zekeriya , Yürürdurmaz Cengiz , Çokkızgın Alihan
Published: March 2024

This study was carried out in Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Faculty of Agriculture Research treatment area in 2022. In the study, 14 different fertilizer applications (no fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, olive bagasse 100 kg/da, olive bagasse 200 kg/da, olive bagasse 400 kg/da, olive bagasse 600 kg/da, worm manure 100 kg/da, worm manure 200 kg/da, worm manure 400 kg/da, worm manure 600 kg/da, leonardite manure 100 kg/da, leonardite manure 200 kg/da, leonardite manure 400 kg/da, leonardite manure 600 kg/da) were made in 2 different chickpea cultivars (Aras, Katran). According to the results obtained from the study, Katran variety had higher grain yield than Aras variety, but 1000 grain weight was found to be lower. On the other hand, the highest grain yield was obtained from olive bagasse 200 kg/da application.
Analisis Pengaruh Suhu Panel Surya Terhadap Output Panel Performance
Authors: Harie Satiyadi Jaya , Muhamad Hudan Rahmat , Asrori Asrori
Published: March 2024

The main obstacle that greatly affects solar power output systems is the low conversion efficiency of solar panels, which is greatly influenced by their operating temperature. Failure to consider solar panel temperature increases the financial risks of installing the installation system. In this research, the output performance of solar panels was examined in outdoor conditions. All data was measured and recorded from 09.00 to 17.00, over 30 minute intervals. Panel temperature measurements were carried out using a Ditec C355 infrared thermometer. And then compared with using Pvsyst software. The output power of a solar panel is highly dependent on the solar radiation that falls on its surface. The amount of incoming sunlight is much higher during the hours from 11.00 to 13.00, which can be determined as the peak of the sun during the day. So it can be concluded that the ideal climate for setting up a large solar installation system is a cool and sunny climate.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penyewaan Alat Outdoor Berbasis Web menggunakan Metode Waterfall pada InOutdoors Rental Sidoarjo
Authors: Cahyono Nur , Suprianto Suprianto
Published: March 2024

InOutdoors Rental adalah salah satu jenis usaha bisnis yang menyediakan jasa persewaan berbagai perlengkapan  alat camping dan hiking di kota Sidoarjo. Namun, pencatatan data penyewaan, pengembalian dan transaksi di InOutdoors Rental ini belum terkomputerisasi atau masih dilakukan dengan cara pencatatan manual di buku. Hal ini menjadi kurang efektif dan membutuhkan waktu lama ketika memproses data laporan bisnis bagi pemilik usaha bisnis tersebut, dan dari sudut pandang pelanggan atau penyewa kesulitan dalam memilih dan menentukan barang dan tipe apa saja  yang disewakan, dikarenakan tidak adanya informasi gambar alat-alat yang disewakan dan terlebih juga pelanggan atau penyewa diharuskan datang ke toko rental untuk memilih barang. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat sebuah sistem berbasis web yang dapat membantu pemilik usaha bisnis InOutdoors Rental dalam memonitoring dan untuk memudahkan dalam pencatatan data penyewaan dan pengembalian. Dan juga diharapkan membantu kepada para pelanggan sewa yang dapat mengakses sistem informasi berbasis web tersebut, supaya tidak lagi menggunakan metode pencatatan manual. Metode pengujian penelitian ini  menggunakan metode black box dan uji coba produk. Black box adalah sebuah metode pengujian yang berfokus pada fungsionalitas khususnya pada output aplikasi sudah sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Sedangkan uji coba produk berfungsi untuk memperoleh hasil sesuai pengalaman pengguna.
Pemanfaatan QR Code untuk Transaksi pada Sistem E-Kantin Berbasis Web
Authors: Kurniawan Dava Nur , Kautsar Irwan A.
Published: March 2024

Ruang makan tempat para pelanggan dapat makan dikenal sebagai kantin. Tata cara mengolah makanan dan menjaga kebersihan kantin harus diikuti oleh kantin itu sendiri. Saat ini, pemesanan pada kantin XYZ masih menggunakan cara konvensional. Cara ini menyebabkan sering terjadinya antrian panjang dan human eror. Untuk mengatasi masalah pada kantin XYZ menerapkan teknologi QR Code yang memudahkan dalam proses pemesanan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian yang dilakukan adalah pemanfaatan QR Code untuk transaksi pada sistem e-kantin. Metode penelitian ini adalah Agile Development dengan menggunakan pengujian Blackbox Testing. Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan bahasan pemrograman python dengan bantuan Framework Flask dan database SQLite. Dari hasil pengujian, peneliti berhasil mengimplementasikan website dengan menampilkan data produk. Dengan adanya sistem ini dapat membantu pelanggan dalam memesan hanya dengan melakukan scan QR Code.