bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Added Advantages of DWI MR Imaging and ADC Mapping in the Diagnosis of Active Sacroiliitis of Axial Seronegative SpA
Authors: Boruah Deb K. , Marak Rebecca R. , Gogoi Pallavi , Gogoi Bidyut B. , Phukan Pranjal , Sarma Kalyan , Angiras Shivam , Ahmed Halimuddin
Published: September 2024

Aim:

To evaluate the effectiveness of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping in diagnosing active sacroiliitis in patients with axial seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SpA).

Material and Methods:

This prospective study comprised 26 patients with MR imaging detected active sacroiliitis categorised as a case group, and compared them with healthy controls. ADC value measurements were obtained from the sacral and iliac sides of the bilateral S.I. joints in each case and control group. Independent samples t-test, Chi-square test, and ROC curve analysis were used.

Result:

Twenty-six patients had active sacroiliitis in 45 S.I. joints, unilateral active sacroiliitis was observed in seven patients (26.9%), bilateral symmetrical in three patients (11.5%) and bilateral asymmetrical in 16 patients (61.5%). The mean ADC value was 1.447 ± 0.528 [SD] × 10–3 mm 2 /s in the right S.I. joint and 1.630 ± 0.441 [SD] × 10–3 mm 2 /s in the left S.I. joint in active sacroiliitis (case group). The mean ADC value of the right S.I. joint was 0.965 ± 0.123 [SD] × 10–3 mm 2 /s and the left S.I. joint was 0.967 ± 0.96 [SD] × 10–3 mm 2 /s in inactive sacroiliitis (control group). A significant difference was observed statistically between the active sacroiliitis and the inactive sacroiliitis with a P < .0005. A cut-off mean ADC value of 1.034 ×10–3 mm 2 /s was obtained for differentiating active sacroiliitis from inactive sacroiliitis with a sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 84.6% from the ROC curve analysis.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI imaging with ADC value mapping acts as a sensitive diagnostic technique in the detection of active sacroiliitis in axial seronegative spondyloarthropathies and also helps in assessing the treatment response.
Decoding Research with a Glance: The Power of Graphical Abstracts and Infographics
Authors: Jeyaraman Madhan , Jeyaraman Naveen , Ramasubramanian Swaminathan , Vaish Abhishek , Vaishya Raju
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:

Historically integral to science, visual elements like Darwin’s evolutionary trees have evolved with technological advancements, leading to more sophisticated and accessible visual representations. Graphical abstracts (GA) and infographics (IG) have become pivotal in enhancing the dissemination and understanding of scientific research by transforming complex data into visually engaging summaries. This review explores the evolution, impact, and design principles of these tools in scientific communication, highlighting their significance in the digital era.

Methods:

We did a comprehensive review of the English literature, in April 2024, from the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar to curate the appropriate articles related to the GA and IG related to research-publications. We have also made some representative examples of each of these two tools, using published articles in the Apollo Medicine journal.

Results:

The GA and IG, are the tools that not only aid in bridging the gap between scientific communities and the public but also enhance comprehension, engagement, and retention of information across diverse audiences. By utilising strategic layouts, colours, and interactive elements, they make complex information more digestible and appealing.

Conclusion:

This review addresses the challenges of maintaining accuracy and avoiding oversimplification in visual science communication. The future directions suggest a move towards more interactive and immersive visual experiences, emphasising the need for empirical research to optimise design and impact. GA and IG are transforming scientific communication by making research findings more accessible and engaging, fostering a better-informed public.
Effect of Technical NTMs on Indian Exports to ASEAN: What Role Do Logistics and Governance Capabilities Play?
Authors: Fatma Ayesha , Bharti Nalin
Published: September 2024

Technical non-tariff measures (NTMs) represent a commonly employed set of trade policy tools with well-documented implications for international trade. However, this study seeks to delve deeper into the underlying factors shaping these trade effects, focusing specifically on Indian exports to the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). This study posits that domestic institutional and infrastructural conditions play a pivotal role in influencing the impact of regulatory measures such as technical NTMs. By leveraging logistics and governance indicators to assess these conditions, the research adopts a novel two-stage analysis approach. Initially, the study quantifies the trade effects of technical NTMs, which subsequently serve as the dependent variable in the second stage. The findings uncover nuanced patterns specific to indicators and NTM categories, with a notable emphasis on the significance of importer (ASEAN) indicators over exporter (India) indicators. Moreover, this article introduces an innovative methodological framework that transcends conventional analyses of technical NTMs, aiming to pinpoint the precise factors driving their effects for targeted improvement strategies.
A Scoping Review of Vaping Among the Asian Adolescent Population
Authors: Ko Ko , Ting Wai Chu Joanna , Bullen Christopher
Published: September 2024

Little is known about vaping and its associated factors among Asian adolescents worldwide. We did a scoping review of the international literature on vaping among Asian adolescents. The prevalence of Asian adolescent vaping varied by the country’s e-cigarette policies: the highest prevalence in Indonesia 32.2% (ever vapers) and 11.8% (current vapers) in 2019 and the lowest in Japan with 2.1% to 3.5% (ever vapers) and 0.7% to 1.0% (current vapers) in 2017. In New Zealand, a Western country with strong tobacco control but liberal policies on vaping, the prevalence of ever vaping was 20.4%, regular vaping 4.2%, and weekly vaping 2.8% in 2019. The most common reasons for vaping in both contexts were curiosity and peer influence. The internet as a popular source of information on vaping was identified mostly in Asian studies. In Asian contexts, the most common reasons for more frequent vaping were the desire to quit smoking and the ability to vape indoors, whereas in Western countries, the top three reasons were nicotine concentration, nicotine dependence, and more daily vaping sessions. Regular monitoring and more targeted research to understand adolescents’ vaping behaviors will need to be undertaken on this heterogeneous population to inform appropriate policies and regulations.
In the shadow of sport mega-events: A critical analysis of the nexus between evictions, displacements, securitized gentrification and children's rights
Authors: Lee Ludvigsen Jan Andre , Byrne Seamus
Published: September 2024

This paper explores what has been described as the ‘dark side’ of sport mega-events – namely, processes of gentrification and mega-event-induced human evictions and displacements. Whilst researchers have established the regularity of such practices before and during sport mega-events, and that children inevitably are among the displaced, this research has, hitherto, seldom been synthesized within the broader children's rights context. In doing so, this conceptual paper critically examines children's rights issues that arise from Olympic-induced evictions and displacements. We argue that, from a children's rights perspective, the consequences of these practices impact children, young people, and their rights in a much more pervasive and deep-seated manner, affecting multiple children's rights, including their right to housing, education, and the best interests principle. This paper drives forward debates in the social study of sport mega-events, children's rights and urban processes and their social exclusions.
Imaging evaluation of extraarticular posterior loose bodies in varus ankle osteoarthritis
Authors: Song Tae Hun , Choi Jun Young , Suh Jin Soo , Suh Yu Min , Chun Kyung Ah
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Multiple loose bodies (LBs) are often found in patients with varus ankle osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of extra-articular posterior ankle LBs in patients with varus ankle OA. We also sought to determine whether there were variations in the characteristics of LBs according to the degree of ankle OA. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients who had appeared posterior extraarticular LBs on preoperative ankle imaging among the patients who underwent operative treatment for varus ankle OA from March 2011 to February 2023. We categorized the entire patient cohort into four groups according to the degree of ankle arthritis (Takakura stage II, IIIA, IIIB, and IV). Size, number, and location of LBs were evaluated using preoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Results: 142 LBs were identified (mean size: 11.5 mm); 76.8% were located within the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon sheath, 20.4% in the posterior recess, and 2.8% in the flexor digitorum longus tendon sheath. Average LB size was significantly larger in Takakura stage IIIB and IV patients ( p < .05), and the LB number was significantly lower in stage II patients ( p = .013). Conclusion: Extra-articular posterior LBs in varus ankle OA are predominantly located within the FHL tendon sheath and were larger in Takakura stages IIIB and IV patients.

Level of Evidence: Level III. Retrospective comparative study.
“Intercultural Encounters”: Mentorship Relations as Spaces for Critical Intercultural Learning in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
Authors: Sachpasidi Christina , Bompani Barbara , Nicol Cynthia
Published: September 2024

There are growing numbers of African international students studying at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in North America and the United Kingdom. Intercultural mentoring is one response to supporting students in navigating the complex cultural, social, and academic transitions from home to host countries. This article examines the experiences of 18 participants who had recently mentored African international students attending higher education institutions in Canada or in the UK. Semi-structured interviews with participating mentors were transcribed and analysed from a critical intercultural perspective. Results highlight four themes that provide insight into mentors’ approaches to intercultural mentoring: navigating fields of action and intervention, engaging in reflective practice, intercultural mentoring as a relational practice, and mentoring as a decolonising practice. Study findings provide insight into how intercultural mentoring relationships develop and evolve and how mentors approach mentoring relationships as sites that hold transformative learning potential for both mentors and students.
Characterising the nature of psychiatric disorders and patterns of antipsychotic medications prescribed in a psychiatric ward in a public hospital in Tasmania
Authors: Tamrakar Sharad , Mendoza Diaz Antonio , Nevarez Flores Adriana G , Castle David
Published: September 2024

Objective

We present an evaluation of antipsychotic prescribing in an inpatient psychiatry ward in Hobart, Tasmania, to establish pattern of use, alignment with other psychiatric wards or centres and the recommendations in the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry Clinical Practice Guidelines, and to determine predictors of polypharmacy.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used. Data from 118 patients discharged from the Royal Hobart Hospital (RHH) Mental Health Inpatient Unit between 01/02/2021 to 01/08/2021 were evaluated.

Results

Antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) was observed in 40% of patients. When low doses of adjunctive (‘PRN’) use of olanzapine and quetiapine were excluded, the APP proportion was 35%. APP was predicted by age and by a schizophrenia diagnosis. Long-acting injections (LAIs) were used in 46% of the patients. The most common LAI was risperidone (52%). Average daily dose of antipsychotic at the time of discharge was 529 mg chlorpromazine (CPZ) equivalents. High dose antipsychotics (more than 1000 mg CPZ equivalents per day) was observed in 13% of the patients.

Conclusions

The observed prescribing practice is consistent with other clinical settings. Antipsychotic prescribing practice should, however, continue to be monitored to ensure adherence to best practice guidelines.
Psychosocial workplace safety in mental health services – Commentary and considerations to improve safety
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Maguire Paul A , Kisely Steve , Allison Stephen , Bastiampillai Tarun
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Psychosocially unsafe workplaces are related to burnout, especially amongst trainees and psychiatrists. Burgeoning research on psychosocial workplace safety indicates the importance of organisational governance to reduce adverse professional, and consequently patient, outcomes in healthcare by balancing job demands and resources. We provide a brief commentary on the relevance of the concept of the Psychosocial Safety Climate model for mental health services and healthcare workers, and considerations for action.

Conclusions

Based on the Extended Job Demand-Resource model, the Psychosocial Safety Climate model has been developed and validated in community and healthcare environments. Psychosocial safety is also an Australian workplace safety requirement. An important direction to improve working conditions, reduce adverse outcomes, and improve recruitment and retention of healthcare workers, may be to adopt and formalise psychosocial workplace safety as a key performance indicator of equal importance to productivity for mental healthcare services.
Polymelia and concurrent intestinal duplication and cloacal atresia in a broiler chick: case report and literature review
Authors: Oliveira Filho Hodias S. , Duarte José L. C. , Paranhos Gabriel F. , Santos Kin M. O. L. , Oliveira Rafael L. , Vasconcelos Igor F. F. , De Araújo Jeann L.
Published: September 2024

Congenital malformations are a highly diverse group of conditions reported in both humans and animals, characterized by defects in morphogenesis observed at birth. Although most cases are idiopathic, genetic and environmental factors may be involved. The frequency of such conditions varies with species, geographic regions, and the specific malformation involved. In polymelia, supernumerary limbs are attached to different parts of the body. Gastrointestinal duplications are described less frequently and can be associated with polymelia. Cloacal atresia is among the least-reported malformations in avian species, described only once in a kiwi. Here we describe a case with these 3 malformations in a single broiler chick ( Gallus gallus domesticus) and provide a literature review about the occurrence of these malformations in birds. The 3-d-old chick also had an unidentified structure projecting from the pygostyle region. We performed clinical, radiographic, and postmortem examinations. The intestinal duplication was identified only during the postmortem evaluation. Detailed descriptions of avian congenital malformations are scarce. Although similar cases have been reported, we retrieved no cases of concurrent polymelia, intestinal duplication, and cloacal atresia in broiler chickens in our literature search, suggesting that the simultaneous occurrence of these conditions has not been reported previously in this species.
Synovial myxoma with cyst formation in the hip joint of a central bearded dragon
Authors: Rasper-Hössinger Melina , Kunze Patricia Edith , Schmid David , Dervas Eva
Published: September 2024

Degenerative bone lesions are rarely described in reptiles and belong mainly to the broad spectrum of metabolic bone diseases. Here we describe a 7-y-old female central bearded dragon ( Pogona vitticeps) with a complex unilateral neoplastic lesion in the hip joint. The animal was presented because of severe progressive swelling of the left hindlimb, apathy, and weight loss. The swelling was soft and surrounded the left femur. Full-body radiographs were performed in 2 orthogonal projections. The main radiologic findings were severe soft tissue swelling centered on the proximal third of the left femur and an absent left femoral head. The caretaker elected euthanasia, and a postmortem examination was performed, followed by subsequent histologic examination. The swelling consisted of variably sized myxomatous proliferations and cysts that invaded the femoral bone. Furthermore, several long bones had lesions consistent with metabolic bone and degenerative joint diseases. Synovial myxomas are rare lesions of the joints that have, to our knowledge, not been described previously in reptiles.
The Impact of Social Determinants of Health and Acculturation on Quality of Life in Older Chinese American Adults With Chronic Pain: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Lam Chi , Cuellar Norma
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

As of 2019, the United States houses 5.3 million Chinese Americans (CA), with 689,000 being older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between social determinants of health (SDOH) and acculturation on quality of life in CA older adults, an underresearched area.

Methods:

Using a quantitative correlational descriptive design, CA older adults ( n = 110) in NYC with chronic pain were examined. Data were collected by utilizing the PRAPARE Screening Tool, Asian American Acculturation Scale, and SF-12 Questionnaire.

Results:

Regression revealed a negative correlation between SDOH and quality of life ( p = .001). The acculturation’s impact was nonsignificant ( p = .647).

Discussion:

While SDOH significantly impacted the quality of life, acculturation did not significantly predict the quality of life for older Chinese American adults with chronic pain. Further research is warranted to explore the nuanced dynamics between acculturation, SDOH, and quality of life in this population.
Gender Differences in Intimate Partner Violence Cause Attribution in South Asian Immigrants in the United States: Implications for Practice [Brief Note]
Authors: Chandarana Shikha , Rai Abha , Ravi Kristen
Published: September 2024

South Asian immigrant communities in the United States face a significant prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV). This brief investigates the attributions of violence causes, particularly considering gender differences. For this study, data from a cross-sectional study with 450 adult South Asian participants was utilized. We explore three subscales—Structural/Cultural Causes, Environmental Causes, and Individual-Related Causes—of the violence cause scales. A gender-based comparison was done using t-tests for each item. Results revealed women attributing greater significance to cultural shifts and female autonomy factors compared with men. Findings emphasize the paradoxical relationship between women’s autonomy and IPV risk, advocating for a culturally sensitive approach in interventions, including strategies tailored to home country values, involving men, implementing family-based programs, and promoting cross-cultural communication.
Differences in the Use and Perception of Telehealth Across Four Mental Health Professions: Insights From a Secondary Analysis of Qualitative Data
Authors: Heinsch Milena , Tickner Campbell , Betts David , Brosnan Caragh , Vincent Kate , Canty Justin
Published: September 2024

There is growing evidence that the uptake and use of telehealth is influenced by the distinct specialty area or type of healthcare service provided, with mental health services presenting particular challenges. However, little is known about how telehealth use differs between different mental health professions, and no qualitative research has explored variations in telehealth use and perspectives at the profession level within Australian mental health services. To address this gap, we analyzed transcripts from 19 semi-structured interviews conducted with mental healthcare professionals in a local health district within New South Wales, Australia. A secondary analysis of the data revealed the distinct ways in which different mental health professions perceive and engage with telehealth depending on their specific role and approach to practice. Application of a systems theory lens highlighted the challenges each profession faces at different levels of telehealth engagement, and the macro-systemic power dynamics and hierarchies that shape profession-specific differences in telehealth use.
Stigmatization and Marginalization of Forensic Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Markham Sarah
Published: September 2024

In this article, we will explore evidence for structural and public stigmatization and marginalization of forensic psychiatric patients within mental health services and the human rights justice system. It can be argued that patients in secure and forensic services (often referred to as mentally disordered offenders) are potentially the most marginalized and extensively stigmatized of all patient cohorts, and that the extent to which they are discriminated against should not be under-estimated. We will also consider the potential for breaches of the Human Rights Act (1998) and associated injustices which may present in the treatment of these individuals, and how praxis can be improved so that harms are remedied and well-being and mutual respect improved.
An Assessment of Adverse Events in Patients with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Undergoing Palatoplasty: An Analysis of the NSQIP Pediatric Database
Authors: Bergman Hannah J. , Asti Lindsey , Kirschner Richard E.
Published: September 2024

Background

The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Pediatric database has been used to identify factors related to adverse surgical outcomes in pediatric and craniofacial surgical procedures. Focusing on a historically “higher-risk” population, our aim was to assess the impact of demographics, comorbidities, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22QDS) diagnosis on 30-day postoperative complications in patients undergoing primary palatoplasty.

Methods

We used the 2012–2020 NSQIP Pediatric database to identify patients ≤3 years with and without 22q11.2 deletion syndrome who underwent primary palatoplasty. Demographics, comorbidities, and perioperative characteristics were compared between those with and without 22QDS. Logistic regression was used to determine if children with 22QDS were more likely to experience a 30-day postoperative complication or readmission.

Results

There were 10,745 patients ≤3 years old who underwent primary palatoplasty; 83 (0.8%) of whom had 22QDS and 10,662 (99.8%) did not. Children with 22QDS were older when they underwent primary palatoplasty and more likely to have comorbidities. A total of 513 patients (4.8%) experienced a postoperative complication within 30 days and 255 were readmitted (2.4%). Of the 513, 8 (9.6%) had a 22QDS diagnosis and 505 (4.7%) did not. A diagnosis of 22QDS was not a significant independent risk factor for a complication (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50–2.54) or readmission (aOR = 1.74; 95% CI: 0.74–4.13) within 30 days.

Conclusion

This study found that the diagnosis of 22QDS was not an independent predictor of post-palatoplasty complication risk, and in fact 30-day complications are rare for those patients undergoing cleft palate repair, even among those patients with 22QDS.
Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Primary Rhinoplasty
Authors: Ng Jinggang J , Banala Manisha , Massenburg Benjamin B , Romeo Dominic J , Wu Meagan , Jackson Oksana A , Low David W , Bartlett Scott P , Swanson Jordan W , Taylor Jesse A
Published: September 2024

Objective

To examine the impact of primary rhinoplasty on subsequent rhinoplasties for patients with cleft lip nasal deformity.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Patients/Participants

Individuals who underwent definitive cleft lip repair at our institution from 2000 to 2006 with a current age of 18 or older.

Main Outcome Measures

Number and timing of subsequent rhinoplasties.

Results

Among 199 individuals, 94 (47.2%) underwent primary rhinoplasty. Follow-up was 15.0 ± 4.8 years in the PR cohort and 15.0 ± 5.1 years in the NPR cohort ( p = 0.993). In bilateral cleft lip, interdomal suture predicted fewer subsequent rhinoplasties (β=-0.310, p = 0.033), while history of primary rhinoplasty predicted greater age at subsequent rhinoplasty (β=1.800, p = 0.040). Among individuals with follow-up beyond age 18, intranasal stenting predicted fewer subsequent rhinoplasties (β=-0.609, p = 0.015). Most underwent subsequent nasal correction aside from 7 (19.4%) and 9 (20.9%) in the PR and NPR cohorts, respectively ( p = 0.536). There was no difference in mean subsequent rhinoplasties between cohorts (1.1 ± 0.8 versus 1.3 ± 1.1, p = 0.284). Individuals with complete cleft lip underwent more lifetime rhinoplasties (1.9 ± 1.0 versus 1.2 ± 1.2, p = 0.007).

Conclusions

Primary rhinoplasty with interdomal tip sutures in bilateral cleft lip was associated with fewer subsequent rhinoplasties. Primary rhinoplasty may delay subsequent nasal correction, though most who underwent primary rhinoplasty ultimately required nasal correction later in childhood. Postoperative nasal stenting may provide longer-term nasal benefits and should be considered at time of definitive cleft lip repair.
Involving Experts by Experience in Craniofacial Research
Authors: Bates Amanda , Ardouin Kenny , McWilliams Danielle
Published: September 2024

Many areas of health research increasingly involve end users of research (typically patients and their families/caregivers) in study design, management, and dissemination. Beyond recruiting patients as research participants, the shift is towards engaging patients, parents and caregivers as active partners on the research team, who are recognised and valued as ‘experts-by-experience’ (EbyE). Currently, involving EbyE is not routine in global craniofacial research. This paper highlights the value of EbyE involvement, addresses how to incorporate EbyE at all stages of research and discusses key considerations in facilitating positive experiences for EbyE.
Vascular Anomalies and Congenital Infiltrating Lipomatosis May Affect Dental Maturation and Development – a Case Control Study
Authors: Leinonen Sami , Vuola Pia , Rice David P , Heliövaara Arja
Published: September 2024

Objective

Vascular anomalies are often associated with hypertrophy and asymmetry of soft tissues and bony structures. The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional radiographic study was to evaluate dental maturation and development in patients with facial vascular anomalies and congenital infiltrating lipomatosis.

Design

A sample of 342 patients with different vascular anomalies or congenital infiltrating lipomatosis involving the head and neck area was narrowed down to 31 patients with dental panoramic radiographs taken in the mixed dentition. A control group of 172 age-matched healthy subjects was used. Individual permanent teeth were given a maturation score from 1 to 12 and alveolar eruption stage according to Haavikko et al. 1970. The laterality of the anomaly was noted if applicable. Differences in dental development between affected and unaffected sides were recorded.

Results

The study data included both syndromic and non-syndromic vascular anomalies as well as congenital infiltrating lipomatosis and segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia. Teeth on the side of the anomaly were more developed and the eruption of teeth was accelerated with canines, premolars and second molars being most affected. Interestingly all the patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome (n = 4) and infiltrating lipomatosis (n = 2) showed accelerated dental maturation of multiple permanent teeth on the side of the anomaly. Hypodontia, dental root resorption and macrodontia were also found.

Conclusions

Accelerated development and eruption of permanent teeth unilaterally in patients with vascular anomalies and congenital infiltrating lipomatosis may have a significant impact on the developing occlusion and should be thus followed by an orthodontist.
Effect of damage parameter in assessment of low cycle fatigue
Authors: Bobyr Mykola , Silberschmidt Vadim , Koval Viktor
Published: September 2024

A low-cycle fatigue (LCF) analysis is one of the main design stages for highly loaded structural elements used in various applications. For this analysis, it is necessary to determine the values of local stresses and deformations, taking into account both elastic and plastic regions in the zones of stress concentration. This study presents and assesses the engineering methods used for prediction of low-cycle fatigue in structural elements. For zones of stress (strain) concentration, the Neuber-Makhutov method for LCF, taking into account the type of material stress-strain diagrams, is employed. The concept of distributed damage, based on the main ideas of the continuum damage mechanics of Kachanov-Rabotnov, was used. An approach employing the damage parameter for assessment of damage accumulation in LCF in highly loaded areas of structural elements is presented.
Effects of School Violence Prevention Education Using a Chatbot (SVPE-C) on Sixth-Grade Students in South Korea
Authors: Kim Shin-Jeong , Choi Sunyeob , Kang Kyung-Ah
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the effects of school violence prevention education using a chatbot (SVPE-C) on sixth-grade students. By applying a pre and posttest design, the students’ (a) degree of knowledge and (b) attitude toward school violence were examined. In addition, (c) satisfaction with the educational method and (d) awareness about SVPE-C were surveyed only in the experimental group. Of the 135 students, the experimental group ( n = 67) received six sessions of SVPE-C with class lectures, whereas the control group ( n = 68) received education only through class lectures. Between the two groups, there were significant differences in the degree of knowledge ( t = 2.837, p = .005) and attitudes toward school violence ( t = 2.98, p = .003). Furthermore, satisfaction with the educational method was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group ( t = 2.810, p = .006). Therefore, SVPE-C may be effective for elementary school students.
A Rapid Review of Mental Health Training Programs for School Nurses
Authors: Thomas Cassidie S. , Nielsen Tiffany K. , Best Nakia C.
Published: September 2024

There is an urgent need for improved school-based mental health services to address students’ increasing mental health needs. School nurses are often at the frontlines of youth mental health, but report feeling unprepared to manage student needs due to limited training. We conducted a rapid review to identify evidence-based mental health educational interventions for school nurses and evaluate program characteristics. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. While the literature evaluating mental health training programs for school nurses is limited, it suggests that training may improve school nurse knowledge, confidence, and preparedness to address student mental health needs and improve the management of student mental health. Additionally, it highlighted the importance of support, resources, and policies that foster mental health promotion. Future research should focus on obtaining a current assessment of school nurse mental health education needs, evaluating existing interventions, and developing more evidence-based mental health training programs for school nurses.
Precarious Bodies and Masculinities: The Experience of Exercise During Hormonal Treatment for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Rindhagen Cecilia
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on ageing men treated for prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) linked to a spectrum of side effects, sometimes understood as emasculating. To understand the consequences of ADT and how to counteract side effects related to masculinity, interviews were conducted with treated men participating in an exercise programme. The aim was to analyse how participants experienced and embodied the exercise programme in relation to ageing, illness and masculinity. Findings show that the men experience their bodies as changing, loosing habituated abilities. The beginning of the programme evoked feelings of precarious bodies, whereas further along these feelings evolved into those of bodily remedy. Participation was seen as opportunity to meet other men in the same situation and created a sense of fellowship.
Examples of Faith and Virtue: Cyprian's Use of the Book of Daniel
Authors: Murphy Edwina
Published: September 2024

Cyprian's Book of Daniel is the Daniel of the Greek OT, including the parts also known as the Prayer of Azariah, Bel and the Dragon, and the Book of Susanna. His unquestioning use of them as Scripture is congruent with his treatment of other so-called deuterocanonical books, reflecting the practice of mid-third century Carthage. Cyprian uses Daniel across all areas of his pastoral concern. Although the reading strategies of direct application and prophetic fulfillment are used to convey aspects of divine truth, Cyprian largely relies on models, an important element of Greco-Roman paideia, as a means of appropriating the book. The three youths, and Daniel himself, are repeatedly presented as exemplars of steadfast faith in the face of persecution, unity, and proper confession of sin. King Nebuchadnezzar is a negative example of the failure to give alms, while the virtuous Susanna is equated with the church, which must be wary of rogue presbyters trying to destroy it. As with all Cyprian's exegesis, his catechetical use of the Book of Daniel is grounded in the conviction that the Scriptures, Old and New, directly address the existential challenges facing his flock.
Mullerianosis of the Ureter: An Uncommon Intersection of Gynecological and Genitourinary Pathology
Authors: Canete-Portillo Sofia , Coleman Aaron D. , Mubeen Aysha
Published: September 2024

Mullerianosis is a term used to describe a pathologic entity comprised of at least 2 types of Mullerian-type epithelia (tubal, endocervical, or endometrial) at non-gynecologic sites. This is an uncommon occurrence in the urinary tract. To the best of our knowledge, only 3 instances of Mullerianosis involving the ureter have been reported. We present a fourth report and describe the clinical, radiological, and histopathologic findings. Awareness of this rare process is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis.
Coexistence of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor and Pseudotumor: Two Rare Lesions
Authors: Ozenbas Cemre , Karaarslan Serap , Gur Akif Serhat
Published: September 2024

Neuroendocrine tumors and pseudotumors of the pancreas are 2 separate rare lesions. Neuroendocrine tumors originate from neuroendocrine cells, but many different factors have been suggested for the origin of pseudotumors. As the first reports of these 2 distinct entities found in a single patient have been published, our aim is to present the imaging and pathological characteristics of these entities.
Historical Legitimacy and Climate Change Policies: International Evidence
Authors: Mveng Seabrook Arthur
Published: September 2024

National climate change policies vary considerably from one country to another. This study examines the extent to which a country’s climate change policy is influenced by the degree of continuity between its pre- and post-colonial institutions. To do this, the study employs ordinary and two-stage least squares estimation techniques with data from 63 countries. The results show that states with greater historical legitimacy (more continuity between pre- and post-colonial institutions) implement more stringent climate change policies. In addition, the results also highlight that historically legitimate states implement more rigorous climate change policies because of their low and high level of fragility and human development, respectively. Based on these findings, our study proposes that historically illegitimate states implement human development and fragility reduction strategies to mitigate the negative effects of the lack of continuity between pre- and post-colonial institutions.
Measurement Invariance of the Four-Item Entrapment Scale Short-Form (E-SF): A Transnational Examination Across Race/Ethnicity, Sexual Orientation, and Suicide Attempt History Among Minoritized Adults
Authors: Sigel Anika N. , Udupa Nikhila S. , Wetherall Karen , Cleare Seonaid , O’Connor Rory C. , Joiner Thomas E. , Jeon Min Eun
Published: September 2024

Feelings of entrapment—posited to arise when attempts to escape from defeating or humiliating circumstances are blocked—may confer increased risk for psychopathology and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB), particularly among minoritized individuals who often have more frequent exposure to such experiences. Including entrapment in empirical models may aid research efforts in further exploring its role in minority mental health. The Entrapment Scale Short-Form (E-SF), a brief version of the 16-item Entrapment Scale, is one tool that may be utilized toward this end; however, to do so meaningfully, its psychometric properties and measurement invariance must be evaluated in diverse samples. This study aimed to examine the factor structure, measurement invariance, and convergent validity of the E-SF across race/ethnicity and sexual orientation in a combined transnational sample of minoritized adults (total N = 1,194). Results supported a one-factor model of the E-SF that was invariant across samples, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and history of suicide attempt. Furthermore, significant positive correlations observed between theoretically relevant constructs of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms supported its convergent validity. Implications include disproportionate levels of entrapment experienced by minoritized individuals—particularly by sexual minorities—which likely reflect the discrimination frequently endured by these individuals.
Long Noncoding RNAs MALAT1 and HOTTIP Act as Serum Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bao Han , Jiang Yutian , Wang Ning , Su Hongying , Han Xiangjun
Published: September 2024

Background

Circulating tumor markers with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity play crucial roles in cancer diagnosis and therapy. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the potential of circulating lncRNAs as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

A total of 74 patients with HCC and 94 healthy controls were enrolled. The expression levels of candidate genes in serum were detected by qRT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and logistic regression were employed to investigate the diagnostic capacity of lncRNAs. The analysis of 3-year overall survival (OS) was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.

Results

Of the 9 candidate genes, 6 lncRNAs could be stably detected in serum. The expression levels of circulating MALAT1 and HOTTIP in HCC patients were significantly higher than those in controls ( P < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that MALAT1 and HOTTIP were more effective than alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ( P < 0.010) in the diagnosis of HCC, with AUCs of 0.896 and 0.899, respectively. Additionally, a panel consisting of MALAT1, HOTTIP, and AFP was constructed to obtain an AUC of 0.968 with a sensitivity of 87.8% and specificity of 94.7% in HCC diagnosis. Moreover, the upregulation of MALAT1 was not only related to multiple tumor lesions, HCV infection, AST level, and AFP level, but also suggested shorter OS. A high expression level of HOTTIP was associated with metastasis.

Conclusion

Serum MALAT1 and HOTTIP play indicative roles as non-invasive biomarkers for HCC.
Limit hypersurface state-of-the-art damage assessment approach for a galloping energy harvester, accounting for memory effects
Authors: Gaidai Oleg , Liu Zirui , Cao Yu , Zhang Fuxi , Zhu Yan , Sheng Jinlu
Published: September 2024

Energy harvesters (i.e., EH) constituting nowadays an essential part of renewable energy engineering; hence, apart from numerical modeling, experimental studies are necessary, constituting reliable input for durable design and structural safety assessments. In the current study, galloping EH’s performance was analyzed, utilizing extensive laboratory wind-tunnel tests, conducted under realistic windspeed conditions. The novel structural multivariate risks assessment methodology, presented in the current study is particularly feasible for multi-dimensional nonlinear EH dynamic systems, that have been either directly Monte Carlo (i.e., MC) numerically simulated or physically measured over a representative temporal lapse, providing piecewise ergodic time series. As shown in this analysis, the suggested multivariate methodology accurately enables accurate predictions of the EH dynamic system’s failure/hazard or damage risks, based on laboratory-measured EH system’s dynamics. Furthermore, nonlinear inter-correlations between various systems’ critical components are not always easily handled by classic risk assessment techniques, when dealing with a high-dimensional system’s raw time series. The primary goal of this study was validation and benchmarking the novel risk assessment methodology, which can extract pertinent information, contained within the EH system’s dynamics, based on lab-recorded time histories. In conclusion, the novel hypersurface methodology presented in this study is generic, providing additional capability to accurately, yet efficiently predict damage/failure risks for a variety of nonlinear EH multidimensional systems. Relatively narrow confidence bands have been reported for the forecasted damage and failure levels, indicating both the robustness of the experimental setup, as well as practical design virtues of the advocated Gaidai hypersurface risks assessment methodology. Note that the presented methodology being mathematically exact does not rely on pre-assumptions and yet it is of general purpose.
Vertical vibration analysis of rolling interface based on dynamic rolling force with variable friction characteristics
Authors: Wang Qiaoyi , Zhang Zhen , Zhu Hanbin
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of variable friction characteristics at the rolling interface on the vertical vibration of plate and strip rolling mills. Based on the optimized Karman equilibrium theory, a dynamic rolling force model considering the front and back tension, elastic stretching, and rolling speed was established. The amplitude-frequency response equation of rolling mill system is solved by multi-scale method, and the influence of main parameters on vertical vibration of rolling mill system is analyzed. The results show that the increase of the first stiffness coefficient of dynamic rolling force leads to the decrease of the principal common amplitude of the system. On the contrary, when the third stiffness coefficient increases, the system exhibits a jump phenomenon. When the third stiffness coefficient of dynamic rolling force is reduced within a certain range, a stable and unique solution is obtained without jumping phenomenon. Moreover, the smaller the damping coefficient of the upper and lower roller system is, the larger the vibration amplitude is and the jump phenomenon occurs. Decreasing the external disturbance force can effectively reduce the system’s vertical vibration amplitude and suppress the resonance. In addition, with the change of external disturbance force, the roll system of the rolling mill shows a variety of complex motion states, such as periodic motion, double-periodic motion, and chaotic motion. The research results provide an effective theoretical reference for the suppression of vertical vibration of rolling mill.
An efficient physics-dimension-based reduction method for computing frequency response functions of viscoelastically damped systems
Authors: Cao Minsheng , Fu Yu , Zhu Shuqi , Ling Ling , Li Li
Published: September 2024

The frequency response functions (FRFs) are of critical interest to dynamic problems, however, they suffer from computational challenges for viscoelastically damped systems. In this paper, a physics-space-based reduction method is proposed for predicting the FRFs of large-scale viscoelastically damped systems involving the standard linear solid model. A physics-dimension subspace is constructed based on original system matrices and viscoelastic parameters, which can be easily generated by using a recursive manner. A projection basis generation algorithm is then developed to generate a standard orthonormal basis within the physics-dimension subspace. With the help of the standard orthonormal basis and the moment-matching-based reduction method, a physics-space-based reduction method is proposed for efficiently predicting the FRFs of large-scale viscoelastically damped systems. Unlike the widely used state-space reduction method, the reduced system of the proposed method can preserve system’s physical structure so that the physical meaning can be captured. Using both theoretical and numerical analyses, the proposed physics-space-based method is more accurate and efficient than the state-space-based reduction method.
The Richness of Reports Provided by Children in Israel: Examination of the Impact of Social Affiliations
Authors: Mordi Hanin , Katz Carmit
Published: September 2024

Forensic interviews following child sexual abuse (CSA) are of central importance to the children, their families and all those involved. Moreover, the legal system expects rich, forensically relevant reports from the children. The current study focuses on the impact of children’s social affiliation on the richness of their reports, and how question types contribute to rich reports. The sample included 314 forensic interviews conducted in Israel between 2015 and 2018. The findings revealed a relationship between child characteristics (gender), abuse characteristics (perpetrator identity, abuse type, abuse frequency) and social affiliation with report richness. Furthermore, question types (free recall prompts, summaries, directive, option-posing, suggestive) moderated the relationship between the child’s characteristics, abuse characteristics, and social affiliation with report richness, when these effects were not equal. The findings emphasized that contextual observation of sexually abused children may promote better services for them and, in addition, stressed the importance of advancing future training and practical guidelines for practitioners.
The Magazine Mirage: Implementing Experiential Learning for Capstone Curriculum in a News Desert
Authors: Hendrickson Elizabeth Meyers , Ferguson Kelly K.
Published: September 2024

This study explores a Capstone course’s pedagogical process and considers both the challenges and triumphs that emerge from experiential learning within a news desert region. The research employs micro-ethnographic methods to analyze the learning outcomes gleaned by both students and instructors of one magazine publishing Capstone course over the timespan of 9 years, 2014 to 2023. The research acknowledges the pedagogical evolution of the Capstone course as both a means of assessment and workforce preparation and seeks to add the concept of the Capstone as a venue for service and community journalism.
The Impact of the 2020 BLM Resurgence on the Racial Representations of Ads and Ad Evaluations: Analysis of Super Bowl Ads
Authors: Jeong Yongick , Shaw Jessica , Ritchart Emily , Catherine Dunnam Cole
Published: September 2024

Using ads from four Super Bowl broadcasts (2019–2022), we examined the impacts of the 2020 Black Lives Matter (BLM) resurgence on the ad representations of diverse racial groups and the evaluations of ads featuring Black models. Findings show increases in quantitative representations (number and duration) for Black ad models, but this improvement was not linked to qualitative representations (portrayal, prominent role, and hierarchy status). Findings also show the limited influence of the 2020 BLM resurgence on evaluations of advertisements featuring Black models. We also examined how the impact of the 2020 BLM resurgence on advertising shifted from 2021 to 2022.