bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Between ethics and technology: Metamorphosis of ethical expertise
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sinyukova Natalja A. , Smirnov Sergey A. ,   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

This article analyses the fluidity of a human condition in terms of ethical boundaries. Recent technological developments have made the ethical framework of the notion of a human volatile and prone to revaluation. This revaluation requires established practices of conduct and interpretation of an ethical expertise. The article describes such new forms and ways to make them part of the repertoire of established institutions. In addition, the article differentiates the specifics of an ethical expertise and a humanitarian one. The former is focused on protecting the human condition from technologically-borne distortions and on making such protection a part of political and social institutions. The latter, in turn, is designed for the purposes of social engineering. It is supposed to help in the development of new social contexts, including ones that merge humanity with the results of high-tech endeavours. An ethical expertise is more focused on preserving the status quo. A humanitarian expertise is proactive and based on non-linear social foresights. The authors believe the reactionary nature of an ethical expertise to be the result of widespread shifts in the established definition of a human. This can be easily illustrated in such fields as biomedicine and gene research. Namely gene editing and major organ transplants can blur the line between human and non-human entities. The article points out an ongoing deficiency, on a methodological and conceptual level, when it comes to a humanitarian expertise. Furthermore, the article contains the groundwork for articulation of a humanitarian expertise. This form of expertise is unique due to its institutional nature and inclusion of the role of “researcher-participant,” which an expert is supposed to play. While elaborating on the differences between a humanitarian and an ethical expertise, it is noted that an ethical expertise aims at preserving the existing norms and boundaries of the notion of a human, outlined in treatise and conventions, while a humanitarian expertise strives to recreate the norm of a human in accordance with its new state — as a fluid and dynamic category.
Towards the possibility of transforming consumer culture into ecological civilization
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Slovak Academy of Science, Sťahel Richard , Tomaščíková Slávka ,   Pavol Jozef Šafárik University
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the prospects of ecological civilisation in a media-driven society at the end of the 20th century and the first two decades of the 21st century. The self-identity of the individual is now formed within the culture-ideology of consumerism, which is defined by the excessive production and consumption of all kinds of goods and services. Public policies of this period are shaped by neoliberal principles emphasizing the individuals’ benefit and their profit. The result of such a culture is an intensification of environmental and social destruction at the planetary level. Almost unlimited support for the growth of production and consumption faces the limits of the planetary system, its capacity to provide resources for continued growth, and to absorb pollution. Consequently, humanity faces the instability and unpredictability of the Anthropocene. From a philosophical point of view, the global environmental crisis opens up the problem of justifying regulations restricting the freedom of unlimited production and consumption. The concept of ecological culture or ecological civilization which is developing in contemporary China can be considered as the opposite of the culture-ideology of consumerism. It emerged in China in the mid-1980s as a response to the Soviet-formulated model of ‘green culture.’ This concept integrates several ‘Western’ concepts of sustainable development, eco-Marxism, ecological democracy, but it also incorporates several traditional Chinese philosophical concepts and thus can be perceived as part of the renaissance of traditional Chinese ways of thinking and interpreting the world. The question is whether the concept of ecological civilization is a real alternative to consumer culture. If the answer to this question is affirmative, then the possibilities of transforming the culture of consumption into an ecological civilization analysed in the article should be considered as trends of sustainable development.
On the foundation of the philosophical theology of Francisco Suarez: Disputation XXVIII of Disputationes Metaphysicae
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vdovina Galina V.
Published: May 2022

The article is the preface to the Russian translation of the second part of Francisco Suárez’s Metaphysical Disputations, which examines the successive divisions of “being in general” into its different modifications of varying degrees of specification (“contractions”). The first section of Disputation XXVIII introduces the primary division of being into God and creation, considers several synonymous formulations of it, and demonstrates their reference to the same reality. Next, in section two, Suárez analyzes the arguments against the adequacy of this primary division of being and refutes them. In section three, the Spanish philosopher explores the type of predication of being to God and creatures. He argues against the equivocality or univocality of the concept of being and concludes that it has analogical character. Next, Suárez examines the varieties of analogy formulated by eminent philosophers and theologians of the past, that is, the analogy of proportionality and the analogy of proportion, or external attribution, and shows their inadequacy to explain analogia entis. Suárez’s own position is that being is predicated on God and creatures according to the analogy of internal attribution, and he draws out the characteristics of this type of analogy. Disputation XXVIII as a whole is an introduction to Suárez’s natural theology, which he thinks of as an integral part of metaphysical knowledge.
A portrait of the teacher for the West in the interior of the Synodal era: Dissertation by I. V. Popov on Blessed Augustine
Authors:   The Orthodox St. Tikhon Humanitarian University, Khondzinskii Archpriest Pavel
Published: May 2022

Early 20th century Russian academic theology showed considerable interest in St. Augustine’s theology. Among a significant number of works on the latter, one that stands out in terms of its scale and being well-founded, the doctoral thesis “The personality and legacy of St. Augustine” (1916) by I. V. Popov, a professor of the Moscow theological academy. Although the first volume of the Popov’s work is the only one that remains, it is of substantial interest because it witnesses the continuous intellectual evolution of its author, who made a sharp turn from the Eastern patristics towards the Western patristics in his studying the topic of “deification.” However, today there is no unanimous agreement among scholars on the presence of “deification” concepts in the Western theology, and Popov himself does not use the term “deification” in his doctoral thesis. Nevertheless, Popov’s conclusion that “ontologism,” being understood as the possibility of a direct communication with God in this life, was characteristic of St. Augustine represents in some sense the next stage of Popov’s search for an organic integration of the moral and mystical contents of Christian life. Containing an implicit but relevant for the early twentieth century critique of Harnack’s rationalism, Popov’s work had as well an impact on the mid-twentieth century Russian thought, having been in demand in the diaspora. It should be especially noted that, despite its unconditional significance both for the history of Russian patristics and of Russian theology in the twentieth century Popov’s “Augustine” has not attracted special attention of researchers so far.
Female images of God in the works of Church Fathers and other Christian writers before the XIX century
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Dementyev Leonid I.
Published: May 2022

There is a common misconception among some Christians that the idea of God as a feminine principle is strongly influenced by liberal theology and queer studies of the 20th and 21st centuries. In part, this is true: attention to women’s legal awareness in modern Europe raises the question of the relationship between the sexes. However, carefully studying earlier periods of the history of church creativity, we find that saints and heroes of faith of different denominations came to the conviction that God is the Mother and has traditionally female characteristics, not at all in connection with the struggle of the fair sex for their rights, but thanks to personal mystical experience and perception of the Trinity as a prototype of the earthly human family. The article is devoted to the study of the topic of the femininity of God in general and the Holy Spirit in particular. The author suggests looking at the Holy Trinity through the prism of the outstanding writers of the Christian world from the 1st to the 19th centuries, showing that the modern theology of femininity has a long and rich prehistory, rooted in Christian antiquity and closely connected with family archetypes.
Reflection of the juridical and moral worldviews in modern Catholic and Orthodox translations of the New Testament
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius Theological Institute of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Maximov Andrey O.
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the objectivity of the antithesis West-East, formulated in the Russian theology of the 19th century, in particular, in the dissertation of Archimandrite Sergius (Stragorodsky) “Orthodox Teaching on Salvation”, 1895. The analysis is based on a comparative research of modern official translations of the Gospel of Luke in the Catholic and Orthodox traditions. Well-recognized critics of Archimandrite Sergius agree that the opposition of the West and Russia through the prism of juridical and moral worldviews is “not so unambiguous” and therefore could not be a reliable basis for the “Orthodox doctrine of salvation”. It is argued that the thesis about the difference between the two worldviews had an artificial origin, since it was dictated by the desire of the early Slavophiles and their followers to create in Russia its own theological system, totally different from the Western one. The importance of the topic is due to its direct relation to the dogma of salvation, which is the main goal of the Christian doctrine.
Achieving handwashing with Social Art for Behaviour Change: the experience of the Lazos de Agua programme in Latin America
Authors: Zisa Anna , Nilsson Kristina , Mirza Raisa , Vachon Tania
Published: May 2022

The effectiveness of different hygiene behaviour change approaches is inconsistent. Proven effective elements of behaviour promotion include the following: involving the community, adding psychosocial theory-derived elements and using interpersonal communication with active teaching methods and innovative and culturally sensitive messaging. The One Drop Foundation Social Art for Behaviour Change (SABC) approach encompasses those elements and is embedded in a system-strengthening approach involving users, service providers and policymakers within the Lazos de Agua Programme. Halfway into the programme, the SABC approach has been implemented in more than 280 rural and urban communities in five Latin American countries. According to its midline outcome measurement, the programme's efforts have contributed to a 15% point increase in the population practising proper handwashing within intervention areas. Story-based interviews revealed that SABC interventions are believed to have caused lasting changes in behaviour, perception and skills which transcend beyond the individual and are felt at the household and community levels. While the SABC approach is mostly limited to addressing psychosocial factors, the experience of this programme proves that artists can serve as behaviour change facilitators to accompany water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) system projects. The SABC approach builds capacity, both within artist groups as permanent local institutions which can act as behaviour change facilitation service providers, and within service users, who become empowered and can continue influencing behaviour change among their peers.
The Potential Role of Plastome Copy Number as a Quality Biomarker for
Plant Products using Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Pandey Amita , Chaudhary Shifa , Bhat Binu
Published: May 2022

Background:

Plastids are plant-specific semi-autonomous self-replicating organelles, containing
circular DNA molecules called plastomes. Plastids perform crucial functions, including photosynthesis,
stress perception and response, synthesis of metabolites, and storage. The plastome and
plastid numbers have been shown to be modulated by developmental stage and environmental stimuli
and have been used as a biomarker (identification of plant species) and biosensor (an indicator of abiotic
and biotic stresses). However, the determination of plastome sequence and plastid number is a laborious
process requiring sophisticated equipment.

Methods:

This study proposes using plastome copy number (PCN), which can be determined rapidly
by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) as a plant product quality biomarker.
This study shows that the PCN log10 and range PCN log10 values calculated from RT-qPCR data,
which was obtained for two years from leaves and lint samples of cotton and seed samples of cotton,
rice, soybean, maize, and sesame can be used for assessing the quality of the samples.

Results:

Observation of lower range PCN log10 values for CS (0.31) and CR (0.58) indicated that the
PCN showed little variance from the mean PCN log10 values for CS (3.81) and CR (3.85), suggesting
that these samples might have encountered ambient environmental conditions during growth and/ or
post-harvest storage and processing. This conclusion was further supported by observation of higher
range PCN log10 values for RS (3.09) versus RP (0.05), where rice seeds in the RP group had protective
hull covering compared to broken hull-less seeds in the RS group. To further support that PCN is
affected by external factors, rice seeds treated with high temperatures and pathogens exhibited lower
PCN values when compared to untreated seeds. Furthermore, the range PCN log10 values were found
to be high for cotton leaf (CL) and lint (Clt) sample groups, 4.11 and 3.63, respectively, where leaf and
lint samples were of different sizes, indicating that leaf samples might be of different developmental
stage and lint samples might have been processed differently, supporting that the PCN is affected by
both internal and external factors, respectively. Moreover, PCN log10 values were found to be plant
specific, with oil containing seeds such as SeS (6.49) and MS (5.05) exhibiting high PCN log10 values
compared to non-oil seeds such as SS (1.96).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, it was observed that PCN log10 values calculated from RT-qPCR assays
were specific to plant species and the range of PCN log10 values can be directly correlated to the internal
and external factors and, therefore might be used as a potential biomarker for assessing the quality
of plant products.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors-Based Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Breast Cancer with More Cancer Susceptibility
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: May 2022

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are a collection of transcriptional factors that
engage in the regulation of oxygen homeostasis. They are hypoxia-responsive stress
factors whose expression is linked to tumor growth and angiogenesis. HIF is a crucial
player in the progression of breast cancer. Patients with high levels of hypoxia-inducible
HIFs in their primary tumor biopsies had a higher chance of metastasis, the leading
cause of breast cancer-related death. HIF polymorphisms have been shown in several
epidemiological studies to influence breast cancer susceptibility. In the oxygendependent
degradation domain, several short nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the
HIF gene have been connected with higher HIF activity. To find SNP that make up the
genetic diversity that underpins the phenotypic difference found between individuals in
their susceptibility to cancer and the course of their disease, researchers used a variety
of potential pathway-based approaches.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Carboplatin, and Paclitaxel in Pregnancy of
a 22-Year Old with Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer
Authors: Nurseta Tatit , Wardhana Anggia Prameswari , Nooryanto Mukhammad
Published: May 2022

Background:

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer found in pregnant women at a young age. Neoadjuvant with carboplatin and paclitaxel is often given to patients with cervical cancer, but the experience of administration during pregnancy is very limited.

Case:

A 22-year-old woman was diagnosed with stage IIA2 cervical cancer at 26 weeks gestation.
The patient received three medications, including neoadjuvant chemotherapy, carboplatin, and
paclitaxel, in three cycles with three weeks intervals at 27 weeks gestation. The patient underwent
pregnancy termination with emergency cesarean delivery at 36 weeks of gestation and continued
with a hysterectomy radical for 60 days, after which the patient received a chemoradiation adjuvant.
Mother and baby were found healthy at one year after the diagnosis.

Conclusion:

NACT inhibited progression of the disease and allowed fetal maturity in locally advanced cervical cancer patient at a young age, followed by radical hysterectomy 60 weeks after cesarean section. The combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel seemed feasible and relatively safe for
both the mother and the baby.
Renal Parenchymal Leiomyoma Mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma: A
Case Report
Authors: Park Sung Bin , Song Minkyo , Lee Tae-Jin , Park Hyun Jeong , Lee Eun Sun , Kim Min Ju
Published: May 2022

Background:

Renal leiomyoma is a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic condition. Given
that 90% of leiomyomas originate from the renal capsule, leiomyoma presenting as a renal parenchymal
mass is extraordinarily rare.

Case Presentation:

Herein, we report the clinical and imaging features of a patient with renal leiomyoma
occurring in the renal parenchyma and mimicking renal cell carcinoma. We also review the clinical,
imaging, and histological features of renal leiomyoma.

Conclusion:

An initial partial, simple or radical nephrectomy according to tumor size and patient’s
underlying condition is suitable for larger, heterogeneous, and non-peripherally located tumors, even if
they demonstrate hypointensity on T1- and T2-weighted images, considering the possibility of other
diagnoses.
A Case of Doxycycline-induced Melanin in the Gingiva Tissue: Case Report
Authors: Vieira Gustavo Henrique Apolinário , de Araújo Aurigena Antunes , de Freitas Rebeca Sá Leitão , de Souza Lélia Batista , Soares Ciro Dantas , de Carvalho Lilian Karine Cardoso Guimarães , Borges Samuel Batista , Gurgel Bruno Cesár de Vasconcelos , Dantas Euler Maciel , Rêgo Delane Maria
Published: May 2022

Background:

Gingival pigmentation is a discoloration of the gingiva due to a variety of
lesions and conditions associated with several endogenous and exogenous etiologic features.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to describe a report of gingival pigmentation in a patient
who used doxycycline.

Case Report:

A 21-year-old Caucasian female was under dermatological treatment and antibiotic
therapy with doxycycline 100 mg (one time a day) for 90 days. She presented brown pigmentation
at the gingival margin on the facial surfaces of the upper and lower anterior incisors and premolars.
The patient was evaluated by immunohistochemical (S-100, Melan-A, and HMB-45) and histopathologic
analyses, and clinical history. Blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione
(GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The adrenaline,
noradrenaline, and dopamine in blood were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC); dehidroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in serum by radioimmunoassay; and luteinizing hormone
(LH) and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D by chemiluminescence. Hematoxylin-eosin stained sections
revealed keratinocytes with pigment compatible with melanin. The Fontana-Masson staining was
positive in melanophages and in some basal keratinocytes. S-100, Melan A and HMB-45 were confirmed
as positive markers of melanocytic differentiation in gingival tissue. We observed a significant
increase in malondialdehyde (p˂0.05) and a decrease in superoxide dismutase levels (p˂0.05).
The dopamine value was found to be 15 pg/ml (reference value ≤ 10 pg/ml).

Conclusion:

The use of doxycycline is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and of dopamine
with melanin pigments in the gingival tissue. This case report showed a cause-effect relationship
between exposure to doxycycline and pigmentation of the marginal gingiva.
Anorectal Function with High-Resolution Anorectal Manometry in Active
Ulcerative Colitis and after Remission: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gravina Antonietta G. , Federico Alessandro , Facchiano Angela , Scidà Giuseppe , Pellegrino Raffaele , Palladino Giovanna , Loguercio Carmelina , Docimo Ludovico , Romano Marco , Tolone Salvatore
Published: May 2022

Background:

Ulcerative colitis may impair anorectal function, causing disabling symp-toms such as incontinence and/or increase in the stool frequency, urgency and tenesmus. Data on anorectal function in these patients evaluated by conventional anorectal manometry are conflicting.

Objectives:

The aim of this prospective study was to assess by means of high resolution anorectal manometry the anorectal function in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis at presentation and after remission. Anorectal function of ulcerative colitis patients was compared to that observed in healthy volunteers.

Methods:

20 patients with mild to moderate left-sided ulcerative colitis or proctitis and 20 healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled. All ulcerative colitis patients underwent high resolution ano-rectal manometry before treatment and after clinical remission.

Results:

Ulcerative colitis patients showed similar values for anal sphincter function as healthy vol-unteers, whereas rectal threshold volume for the first sensation, desire to defecate, urgency to defecate and maximum discomfort were significantly lower than in healthy volunteers (p<0.05). Rectal com-pliance was significantly lower in ulcerative colitis than in healthy volunteers (p<0.05). After remis-sion, rectal threshold volumes, as well as rectal compliance, significantly increased. An inverse linear correlation was found between regression of urgency and stool frequency and rectal compliance (r=0.811; p<0.05).

Conclusions:

Ulcerative colitis patients show altered rectal function, with increased rectal sensitivity and lower compliance, compared to controls. This altered function is restored after successful treat-ment of the underlying inflammatory process. Finally high resolution anorectal manometry provides useful information on anorectal functionality and, in our opinion, should be preferred over conven-tional manometry.
A Review Based on the Control Method of Thermal Error for High-Speed
Motorized Spindles
Authors: Qu Hang , Dai Ye , Wang Gang , Wen Wan-Jian , Xiang Chao-Fang
Published: May 2022

Background:

The high-speed motorized spindle system is the main component and the
most significant heat source of high-precision CNC machine tools in mechanical processing. Plenty
of research shows that 60%~80% of the machining accuracy error comes from the thermal deformation
of each part in automated manufacturing. Therefore, it is urgent to study the control
method of thermal error for motorized spindle systems.

Objective:

Some valuable conclusions are drawn through the introduction and discussion of thermal
error control methods for motorized spindles in recent years, and we prospect the future research
and development of thermal error control methods for motorized spindles.

Methods:

The patents and papers based on the control methods of thermal error for motorized
spindles are studied. The advantages and disadvantages of thermal error control methods and their
research status are summarized.

Results:

With the urging of social as an essential part of CNC machine tools, we cannot ignore
the thermal error of high-speed motorized spindles. To improve the machining accuracy, increase
efficiency and prolong life, etc., all need a motorized spindle with excellent thermal dynamic performance.

Conclusion:

We analyze the structural characteristics and the primary heat sources of high-speed
motorized spindles, and review a mass of patents and papers related to the motorized spindle
thermal error control methods for investigation. By comparing these papers, some valuable conclusions
are drawn to predict the future research and development of thermal error control methods
for the motorized spindle.
Three Port Isolated AC/DC Converter with Power Factor Correction
Authors: Sharma Anurag , Gupta Rajesh
Published: May 2022

1:

: This paper proposes a converter with three ports with isolated output and higher output power and voltage levels. The converter has two input ports, connecting an AC source and the solar PV source. The third port acts as an output port to supply the desired load. The proposed topology can supply the high dc output voltage with isolation while maintaining a high input power factor. A single-stage conversion is used, which helps in reducing the switching devices and the bulky electrolytic capacitor while integrating a Solar PV. As there is no intermediate stage of conversion in the proposed converter, thus it is well suited for the standalone PV based application such as remote light electric vehicle chargers. The simulation verification of the proposed converter is obtained in the MATLAB/SIMULINK and the experimental results are obtained using control algorithm implemented using FPGA based Typhoon HIL 402.

Background:

To implement the proposed novel converter and study the switching operations

Objective:

Conventionally, a two-stage conversion is required for providing isolated DC output

Methods:

Verification of control method in simulation with hardware validation

Results:

Justified the control method and working of topology

Conclusion:

The desired operation of the converter is achieved
Boosting High Added-Value Chemicals Formation By Means Of Photoelectrocatalysis
Authors: Bellardita Marianna , Palmisano Leonardo , Loddo Vittorio
Published: May 2022

Within the current production systems, the need for low environmental impact processes to
produce chemicals, the treatment of aqueous effluents and the production of fuels is becoming an increasingly
urgent challenge. In this context, photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), which couples the electrochemical
method (EC) with photocatalysis (PC), can be considered a valid alternative to traditional
catalytic processes. It increases the photocatalytic and the electrochemical efficiency by improving the
separation of the photoproduced electrons and holes on the active electrode surface and addressing the
partial oxidation products formation by selecting the applied potential values. This review is concerned
with the possibility of forming PEC high-added-value chemicals, sometimes with the contemporary
production of hydrogen, by using different materials for the fabrication of photoanodes and
photocathodes in different solvents and system configuration, obtaining very interesting values of
conversion, selectivity, and Faradaic efficiencies. In particular, the review presents results related to
the production of valuable compounds by the valorisation of alcohols, biomass derivatives and some
peculiar organic substrates, highlighting the influence of electrode composition, applied bias, electrolyte
type, and solvent.
Burnout Syndrome in Emergency Physicians in Venezuela Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Medina-Ortiz Oscar , Oses Gil Alejandro , AlcendraGonzález Jenny , Diego Vivas Juan , Sánchez María Parra , Sánchez Luis Parra , Riaño-Garzón Manuel , Bautista-Sandoval María Judith , Herraez David Fraguas
Published: May 2022

Background:

Burnout syndrome is a clinical entity that can negatively affect
healthcare workers, especially frontline medical staff.

Objective:

Determine the prevalence of burnout in emergency physicians at the start of the
COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:

The Maslach Burnout Inventory was administered to 150 emergency physicians
in 2020 during the first months of the pandemic in a Venezuelan hospital. There are two
limitations, the size of sample is small and the study physicians have poor social conditions
that do not allow generalizing the results.

Results:

Over three quarters of the physicians surveyed (76.7%) experienced burnout and
55.3% had health problems due to stress. The higher the number of years working in the
hospital and/or the lower the job satisfaction, the higher the burnout rate (p <0.05).

Conclusions:

A large number of physicians in Venezuela experienced burnout during the
first months of the pandemic, but half of them believed they did not need psychological
help. Prevalence of burnout was high among physicians with more years of service and
among those with lower job satisfaction.
THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND SOCIAL CAPITAL IN AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL AREAS
Authors: Oktarina Selly , Zainal Anna Gustina , Kuswanti Ana , Purwanto Eko
Published: May 2022

The role of human capital and social capital is very needed in the development of farmer institutions. It is intended that existing farmer institutions can function optimally. This paper is a literature study based on data and related journals. In carrying out farmer institutional management, human capital can act as planners, organizers, implementers of activities and supervisors. In addition to human capital, social capital is also very important and needed in the development of farmer institutions. The role of social capital is to maintain cohesiveness, cooperation and carry out the tradition of deliberation (the element of trust), exchange of information, the tradition of “gotong royong” and the tradition of social gathering (the element of reciprocity), carry out common goals and have an element of volunteerism (participation in the network and do it according to the rules. norm).
INTEREST AND DETERMINING FACTORS FOR DIGITAL PRODUCT ADOPTION: A CASE OF TAPE MAKERS IN MALANG, INDONESIA
Authors: Mazwan M Zul , Widiana Livia , Noviandini Ratri Wahyu
Published: May 2022

Marketing using digital products is one way to do marketing through social media that uses the internet. The purpose of this study was to determine the interest of tape makers in the use of digital products and the factors that influence them. The sampling method used the survey method and obtained 45 respondents of tape makers on the scale of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Banjarsari Village, Ngajum District, Malang Regency. The descriptive analysis method is used to analyze the interest of tape makers in the use of digital products. While Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis is used to analyze the factors that influence the interest of tape makers in digital products. The results showed that tape makers have an interest in digital products in marketing tape. However, tape makers are not interested in applying or using digital information products in marketing tape. This is due to several factors that influence significantly, including advances in information technology, the ability of tape makers, environment, competition, and capital.
A QUESTIONNAIRE TO DETERMINE THE WORK MOTIVATION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Arissaryadin Arissaryadin , Yuliati Yayuk , Hidayat Kliwon , Cahyono Edi Dwi Dwi
Published: May 2022

A review of the literature reveals that most previous studies only used achievement motivation theory to assess the work motivation of agricultural extension workers in Indonesia. So far, no research questionnaire has been designed using expectancy theory. The purpose of this study is to develop a work motivation questionnaire based on expectancy theory and to test the convergent validity, discriminant validity, construct reliability and composite reliability of this questionnaire. This study drew on data from 107 people who work as agricultural extension workers in Indonesia. The questionnaire distributed via google forms was completed by all respondents. All statistical analyses were performed using JASP, version 0.16, and a confirmatory factor analysis technique was used. This study resulted in the development of a work motivation questionnaire in Indonesian. There are nine-item questions, each with three questions for construct expectancy, three questions for constructs instrumentality, and three questions for constructs valence. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that all of the question items from the expectancy theory three constructs met the convergent validity, discriminant validity, construct reliability, and composite reliability criteria. This questionnaire can be used in future research on agricultural extension workers' work motivation in Indonesia.
THE INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT QUALITY, PRICE, LOCATION ON PURCHASE DECISIONS AND PURPOSE OF PURCHASE OF SOUVENIR PRODUCTS IN SIKKA REGENCY, NTT
Authors: Anggriani Yohana , Koestiono Djoko , Andriani Dwi Retno
Published: May 2022

Consumer satisfaction with the product will be formed when someone makes a purchase decision. Perceived satisfaction will provide benefits for the company continuously. This means that everything related to the product received by consumers at the time of purchase will determine the direction of the company's goals. This research was conducted at Aku Sikka's ole shop in Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province from May to June 2021. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of product quality, price, location on purchasing decisions and consumer satisfaction in purchasing ole-ole products at the Aku Sikka store. Data was collected by filling out questionnaires with a non-probability sampling technique using the accidental sampling method. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. The results of the PLS Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis to examine the effect of product quality, price, and location variables on purchasing decisions and consumer satisfaction show that there is a positive and significant influence on product quality, price, and location variables on purchasing decisions and consumer satisfaction.
Стабилизированные (био)полимерами наночастица металлов и металлоида: спектральные и структурно-морфологические характеристики
Authors: Валуева С.В. , Боровикова Л.Н. , Вылегжанина М.Э. , Назарова О.В. , Панарин Е.Ф.
Published: May 2022

A comparative study of the spectral and structural-morphological characteristics of the metal (copper, silver) and metalloid (selenium) containing nanodispercions based on biocompatible water-soluble stabilizers: bovine serum albumin, random copolymers of 2-deoxy-2-methacrylamide-D-glucose or 4-acryloyl-morpholine with 2-dimethylaminoethyl-methacrylate was carried out by means of the UV-spectroscopy, atomic-force and transmission electronic microscopy. Effect of the nature of the nanoparticle as well as polymeric stabilizer on the spectral and structural-morphological characteristics and mechanism of formation of the nanostructures/nanoparticles was shown. It has been established that structures with different organization of the organic phase around nanoparticles are formed in the studied nanodispersions. It has been shown that for the studied polymer carriers, metal-containing nanostructures/nanoparticles have smaller dimensions than metalloid-containing systems.
Сравнение систем доставки химиотерапевтического препарата доксорубицина с использованием электронно-микроскопических и гидродинамических методов
Authors: Сударева Н.Н. , Суворова О.М. , Коржикова-Влах Е.Г. , Тарасенко И.И. , Колбе К.А. , Смирнова Н.В. , Сапрыкина Н.Н. , Суслов Д.Н.
Published: May 2022

Structural and functional characteristics of various systems for delivery of antitumor preparation doxorubicin were compared. Two types of delivery systems were studied: submicron porous calcium carbonate cores coated with a polyanion (sodium dextran sulfate) and nanoparticles based on random amphiphilic copolymers of different amino acids. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, were used to determine sizes of both delivery systems and their surface charge values. Toxicity of delivery systems containing from 0 to 5 µg/mL of doxorubicin against MCF7 tumor cells was determined from the results of measurements of electric impedance of microsensors in the unit containing the cells and the tested delivery systems. Time-concentration profiles of doxorubicin in rat blood plasma after intraperitoneal administration of the tested delivery systems were obtained by high performance liquid chromatography. These profiles indicate considerable differences in the processes of penetration of carriers of various sizes into bloodstream.
Терагерцевая экспресс-диагностика осложнений, вызванных COVID-19
Authors: Баграев Н.Т. , Клячкин Л.Е. , Маляренко А.М. , Таранец К.Б.
Published: May 2022

A spectrometer based on silicon nanosandwiches has been proposed to detect complications caused by COVID-19. Operating in the mode of a balanced photodetector, the silicon nanosandwich is both a source of terahertz irradiation and a receiver of reflected and/or radiated from biological tissue. It has been demonstrated that recording the current-voltage characteristics of a silicon nanosandwich made it possible to analyze changes in the thyroid gland, thereby determining the degree and nature of changes caused by the COVID-19 disease.
Малослойные графеновые структуры как перспективный сорбент микотоксинов
Authors: Возняковский А.П. , Карманов А.П. , Кочева Л.С. , Неверовская А.Ю. , Возняковский А.А. , Канарский А.В. , Семенов Э.И. , Кидалов С.В.
Published: May 2022

It has been experimentally established that samples of low-layer graphene, synthesized by carbonization of plant materials (lignin, cellulose, and spruce bark) under conditions of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, are effective sorbents for mycotoxin T-2 under conditions simulating the environment in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, and are capable of irreversibly sorb at least 94.6% of mycotoxin with a sorption capacity of 1 mg of mycotoxins per 1 g of sorbent. Key words: few-layer graphene, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, specific surface area, mycotoxin sorption.
Магнитные свойства краевых каналов кремниевых наносандвич-структур с осажденными олигонуклеотидами ДНК
Authors: Фомин М.А. , Клячкин Л.Е. , Маляренко А.М. , Романов В.В. , Баграев Н.Т.
Published: May 2022

Measurements of the field dependences of the static magnetic susceptibility demonstrate de Haas-Van Alphen and Aharonov-Bohm oscillations at high temperatures and low magnetic fields in silicon nanosandwich structures (SNS). In the case of the deposition of DNA oligonucleotides into the edge channels of the SNS, a change in the oscillation period is observed. The possibilities of using the obtained data to identify the properties of DNA oligonucleotides are discussed.
Продукция оксида азота в тканях крыс 7- и 16-недельного возраста при ограничении подвижности
Authors: Зарипова Р.И. , Яфарова Г.Г. , Андрианов В.В. , Гайнутдинов Х.Л. , Сунгатуллина М.И. , Зиятдинова Н.И. , Зефиров Т.Л.
Published: May 2022

The electron paramagnetic resonance method was used to study the intensity of nitric oxide production by analyzing the amount of NO-containing paramagnetic complexes in the heart, liver, and spinal cord tissues of 7- and 16-week-old rats growing under restricted mobility conditions. Nitric oxide production was assessed by the intensity of the EPR signal belonging to the (DETC)2-Fe2+-NO complex. The results obtained show that growth under conditions of restricted motility leads to an increase in NO production in all organs under study, with the greatest increase observed in 7-week-old rats.
Подводные камни" на пути количественной оценки тяжести онкологических поражений в диагностической ядерной медицине
Authors: Нестерова А.В. , Денисова Н.В.
Published: May 2022

When examining patients by single-photon emission computed tomography, the distribution of a radiopharmaceutical drug in biological tissues is evaluated. An active fast-growing tumor has an increased uptake of the drug compared to healthy tissues. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in quantifying the level of activity of a radiopharmaceutical in tumor lesions, since it can be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of prescribed therapy. To obtain quantitative results, it is necessary that the applied reconstruction algorithms include the main effects that contribute to the formation of images. One of these effects is the "blurring" of the image of a point source in the form of a spot. It was expected that taking into account this effect would improve estimates. However, there were "pitfalls" in the way of obtaining quantitative images. In the clinical images obtained taking into account the "blurring effect", so-called edge artifacts were observed, which manifested themselves in the form of a sharp increase in intensity in small tumors and a surge in intensity at the edges in large tumors. The problem of edge artifacts casts doubt on the correctness of quantifying the level of drug activity in tumor lesions. In this paper, the problem of edge artifacts is investigated using the method of mathematical modeling. In numerical experiments, the dependence of the quantitative assessment of activity on the parameters of the reconstruction algorithm was investigated for the first time.
Определение содержания влаги у вегетирующих культурных растений методом спектроскопии миллиметровых волн для задач повышения урожайности растений
Authors: фон Гратовски С.В. , Кочерина Н.В , Пархоменко М.П. , Каленов Д.С. , Федосеев Н.А. , Еремин И.С.
Published: May 2022

Investigation of the genetic and breeding orientation have shown that it is inefficient to study the genotype-environment (GTE) interaction in plants at the molecular level, since the GTE effect disappears without a trace on it, being an emergent property that occurs when gene products interact with labile ones during the day, weeks, months by limiting environmental factors. Such studies should be carried out for higher system levels, namely, at the next stages of life organization - organismal, population, ecological, phytocenotic. Since the most powerful “lever” for increasing plant productivity and yield, GTE, cannot be traced at the molecular level, knowledge of the molecular structures of the genome without knowledge of the dynamics of limiting environmental factors and the interaction of gene products with them does not contribute to the creation of high technologies for ecological genetic increase in productivity and yield plants. The accumulated world experience shows that rapid methods for measuring traits in plants, which give a holistic characterization of a complex dynamic system (this is what GTE is), can be created by interdisciplinary approaches, primarily using physical measurement methods. Within this approach, the article proposes to use the method of millimeter (MM) wave spectroscopy, which is very sensitive to changes in the water supply of plant tissues for the selection of drought-resistant plants.
Влияние нанокомпозиций на основе производных легких фуллеренов на культурные растения в благоприятных и стрессовых условиях среды их обитания
Authors: Панова Г.Г. , Семенов К.Н. , Артемьева А.М. , Рогожин Е.А. , Барашкова А.С. , Корнюхин Д.Л. , Хомяков Ю.В. , Балашов Е.В. , Галушко А.С. , Вертебный В.Е. , Журавлева А.С. , Волкова Е.Н. , Шпанев А.М. , Удалова О.Р. , Канаш Е.В.
Published: May 2022

The relevance of the new forms of ecologically safe, stable in composition, in functional activity, biodegradable preparations development with a complex positive effect on plants remains high and the presented work is devoted to acquaintance with the generalized results of interdisciplinary studies for the effect on the system of soil (soil substitute) - cultivated plants by nanocompositions created based on carbon (water-soluble polyhydroxylated, carboxylated and amino acid derivatives of fullerene C60) nanostructures with additions of microelements in certain concentration ratios. Based on the previously identified concentration ranges of the tested fullerene derivatives with a positive effect on plants when treating their seeds, introducing them into the soil, other root habitats and foliar exposure, their compositions with salts of microelements were developed and in a series of vegetation and field experiments under controlled favorable conditions and when modeling oxidative stress caused by UV-B irradiation, deficiency of soil moisture, deficiency of nutrients, phytopathogens, as well as in the natural conditions of the Leningrad region, the main mechanisms of positive impact (regulatory on vital systems, adaptogenic, immunomodulatory, protective) of the created nanocompositions on plants and the prospects of their application in plant growing are shown.
Метод фотодинамической инактивации вирусов в воздушной среде на основе применения микропористого медного фотокаталитического элемента
Authors: Белоусова И.М. , Киселев В.М. , Багров И.В. , Муравьева Т.Д. , Стародубцев А.М. , Крисько Т.К. , Житенев О.С. , Зарубаев В.В. , Штро А.А.
Published: May 2022

The photodynamic inactivation of viruses by a microporous photocatalytic element made of copper or copper alloy is the very method of ensuring biosafety that the article is about. Based on this method, encouraging results of virological studies (using the influenza virus as a test) were obtained as well as the equipment solving the strategic task of antiviral (influenza, COVID-19, etc.) disinfecting and sterilizing of confined spaces air, including air of medical premises, was developed.
Использование терагерцевого излучения для ослабления последствий воздействия радиации
Authors: Баграев Н.Т. , Головин П.А. , Георгиади В.В. , Клячкин Л.Е. , Маляренко А.М. , Новиков Б.А. , Хромов В.С. , Сивак К.В.
Published: May 2022

Experimental data are presented on the effect of broadband irradiation in the terahertz range, modulated in the gigahertz range, on the survival of mice that have received acute poisoning with depleted uranium compounds. For the first time, the results indicate a clinically significant increase in the life span of mice, the control terms for the development of end-stage renal disease and death, as well as an increase in the survival of mice by 50%.Long-term consequences that form in the period after therapy with antidotes / chelators of toxic metals can be prevented or significantly weakened by the proposed method of physiotherapy, which can solve many problems facing society, both in ensuring occupational health and the health of the population as a whole in case of accidents at nuclear power facilities.