bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Validation of a Multi-Channel LiDAR Sensor: Assessing the Effects of Target Height and Sensor Velocity on Measurement Error
Authors: Dasika Saket S. , Sama Michael P. , Pampolini L. Felipe , Good Christopher B.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of sensor velocity and target height above ground level on height measurement error when using a multi-channel LiDAR sensor. A linear motion system was developed to precisely control the dynamics of the LiDAR sensor in an effort to remove uncertainty in the LiDAR position and velocity while under motion. The linear motion system allowed the LiDAR to translate forward and backward in one direction parallel to the ground. A user control interface was developed to operate the system under different velocity profiles and to log LiDAR data synchronous to the motion of the system. The performance of the linear motion system was validated with a tracking total station, and the results showed that the position and velocity control errors were negligible as compared to the LiDAR accuracy. The LiDAR was then validated using 25 test targets at varying heights above ground level (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.8 m) with five different velocity profiles (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.2 m s-1) and six replications to determine the effects of sensor velocity and target height on measurement error. The targets were painted white on one side and black on the other to determine the effect of relative intensity on LiDAR height measurement error. Generalized linear mixed models were fitted with the measurement error and the standard deviation of the measurement error as the responses. Sensor velocity, target height, and their interaction were considered as fixed effects to determine if there were significant differences in average error and standard deviation of error for different sensor velocities and target heights. The results indicated that the velocity of the LiDAR was a significant factor affecting the average error and standard deviation of error in height measurements. However, higher velocities tended to result in only slightly larger average errors. A three-fold increase in the standard deviation was observed when increasing the velocity from 0.1 to 2.2 m s-1. Height of the target was either a weakly significant or insignificant factor in average error and a weakly significant factor affecting the standard deviation of the LiDAR measurements, representing mixed results. The average error and standard deviation were less than 10 and 30 mm, respectively, for all replications. Relative intensities of the LiDAR measurements were 88.2% and 5.4% for white and black targets, respectively, and the different target colors exhibited a 4.7 mm shift in average estimated height error. These uncertainties may not be substantial for agricultural applications, where other sources of error, such as moving crop canopies or error in resolving the position of the sensor, are more likely to dominate overall measurement error. Keywords: LiDAR, Measurement error, Precision agriculture, Remote sensing, Validation.
Diversidade e Educação: Crianças brasileiras e práticas religiosas no cotidiano das escolas públicas japonesas
Authors: Dias Nilta
Published: February 2019

Este artículo analiza casos relacionados con la diversidad cultural y religiosa de niños brasileños que estudian en escuelas públicas japonesas. Partiendo de la experiencia de la autora como educadora en escuelas japonesas y brasileñas en Japón por más de quince años, revela cómo las creencias y prácticas religiosas afectan las vidas de los niños inmigrantes cuando interactúan en esas escuelas. Los aspectos culturales y las relaciones humanas se entrelazan para desafiar y ser desafiados por las creencias y prácticas religiosas de los niños. La autora investiga el contexto complejo y diverso de las prácticas religiosas que dan forma a la dieta, el cuerpo y las prácticas diarias de niños cristianos y no-cristianos.

Palabras clave: Migraciones transnacionales, Nipo-brasileños, Aspectos culturales, Escuela pública japonesa, Cotidiano escolar.
Facilitating social enterprise development through collective marketing: insights from Bukonzo Joint Co-operative Union, Western Uganda
Authors: Ikwera Robert , Twongyirwe Ronald
Published: February 2019

Collective marketing is an avenue through which farmers could receive higher returns from their produce. Bukonzo Joint Co-operative Union exemplifies this: it has obtained both Fairtrade and organic certifications and, by following the Fairtrade ethos and offering farmers a guaranteed (and often) higher price, potentially has a strong role in livelihood improvement, poverty reduction, social inclusion and rural development. In this study, we showcase the role of collective marketing, explore the challenges and analyse the relevance of finance institutions in the development of co-operatives. Our qualitative study shows that collective marketing mixed with the Fairtrade ethos could strongly encourage social enterprise development and could lead to livelihood improvement in marginalised areas. However, one of the most important barriers is limited finances for the production of high-quality coffee, purchasing members’ coffee under the Fairtrade label and investment in infrastructure: availability of ethically appropriate, affordable funding options is critical in the development of social enterprises.
The Misclassification of Ambivalence in Pregnancy Intentions: A Mixed‐Methods Analysis
Authors: Gómez Anu Manchikanti , Arteaga Stephanie , Villaseñor Elodia , Arcara Jennet , Freihart Bridget
Published: February 2019

CONTEXT

Researchers have developed various measures of pregnancy ambivalence in an effort to capture the nuance overlooked by conventional, binary measures of pregnancy intention. However, the conceptualization and operationalization of the concept of ambivalence vary widely and may miss the complexity inherent in pregnancy intentions, particularly for young people, among whom unintended pregnancy rates are highest.

METHODS

To investigate the utility and accuracy of current measures of pregnancy ambivalence, a mixed‐methods study was conducted with 50 young women and their male partners in northern California in 2015–2016. Survey data were used to descriptively analyze six existing pregnancy ambivalence measures; in‐depth interviews addressing pregnancy desires and plans were deductively coded and thematically analyzed to understand why some participants appeared to be ambivalent from the survey data when their interview responses suggested otherwise.

RESULTS

Eighty participants would be considered ambivalent by at least one measure. After assessment of the interview data, however, these measures were deemed to have misclassified almost all (78) participants. Qualitative analysis revealed several themes regarding misclassification: conflation of current pregnancy desires with expected postconception emotional responses; acceptability of an undesired pregnancy; tempering of survey responses to account for partners’ desires; perceived lack of control regarding pregnancy; and, among participants with medical conditions perceived to impact fertility, subjugation of pregnancy desires in the interest of self‐protection.

CONCLUSIONS

Current approaches to measuring pregnancy ambivalence may fail to capture the intricacies of pregnancy intentions and may be ineffective if they do not account for young people's experiences, especially when used to inform clinical practice, programs and policy.
Lovecraft Laughing
Authors: Hegyi Pál
Published: February 2019

The horror author infamously famous for his listless, gaunt, lantern-jawed face, H. P. Lovecraft is smiling. This picture is the only such one. The effect is uncanny. Weird it may be, it is not the rare occasion that horror geeks or slasher fans cannot help but ask themselves of the appeal in horror fiction. Is it just the gory scenes? Only cheap thrills compared to something far more hideous, a dread unfathomable to the richest of imaginations? An answer seems to be lurking behind Lovecraft’s enigmatic smile. His monsters crawl out of the most unexpected cracks of our culture, no marvel that Michel Houellebecq, an ardent reader of the Lovecraftian oeuvre himself, becomes mystified upon meeting Lovecraft’s fans: “They have not read his work and don’t even intend to do so. Nonetheless, oddly, they want to find out more—beyond the texts […].”

Indeed, as if it wasn’t the most imperative question of them all, the ultimate riddle: what is beyond the texts? What connects Herman Melville and Henry James to H. P. Lovecraft, and through him, to John Carpenter, Ridley Scott, and video games? Is there a secret code hidden in the cypher of one of Sigmund Freud’s most elusive writings? Impossible to tell. Lovecraft’s paroxysm is a caveat here: “The Thing cannot be described—there is no language for such abysms of shrieking and immemorial lunacy, such eldritch contradictions of all matter, force, and cosmic order.” Then what is it that we read, watch, and play, if not the Thing itself?
ANTHRAQUINONES-A Naturopathic Compound
Authors: Khan Nida Tabassum
Published: February 2019

Anthraquinones is a potent aromatic compound that besides being used commercially it offers numerous therapeutic benefits such as inhibits cancer growth by inducing apoptosis, relive constipation, ease bowl movement etc. Anthraquinones are found naturally in some plants such as senna, buckthorn, yellow dock etc while it can also be produced using chemical routes such as anthracene oxidation, naphthalene oxidation, condensation of 1, 4-naphthoquinone with butadiene etc. However its intake should strictly be regulated since it may cause some serious side effects.
Analysis of Clinical Prognostic Variables for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Histological Grading and Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Cernea Ana , Fernández-Martínez Juan Luis , deAndrés-Galiana Enrique J. , deAndrés-Galiana Enrique J. , Galván José A. , García Pravia Carmen
Published: February 2019

Background:
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer with very bad prognosis. Predicting the histological grade (HG) and the lymph nodes metastasis is crucial for developing more suitable treatment strategies.

Methods:
We present the main clinical and pathological variables to predict the histological grade and lymph nodes metastasis via novel machine learning techniques. These variables are currently being used for prognosis and treatment in medical practice. This analysis was performed using a database of 102 Caucasian women diagnosed with TNBC. The results were cross-validated using random simulations of this dataset.

Results:
HG was predicted with an accuracy of 93.8% using a list of 6 prognostic variables with significant implications: Ki67 expression, use of Oral contraceptives, Col11A1 expression, Col11A1 score, E-cad truncated and Tumor size. The lymph nodes metastasis was predicted with an accuracy of almost 85% using only 6 prognostic variables: Vascular invasion, Tumor size, Perineural invasion, Age at diagnosis, Ki67 expression, and Col11A1 score. This analysis also served to establish the median signatures of the groups with and without lymph node metastasis, and proved the existence of a kind of small-size tumors (around 2.15 cm) with lymph node metastasis but not showing vascular and perineural invasions and higher protein Col11A1 score. Besides, these signatures proved to be very stable.

Conclusions:
The additional information conveyed by the prognostic variables found in these two classification problems provides new insight about the genesis and progression of this disease and can be used in medical practice to improve decisions in patient diagnosis and further treatment.
A Case of Evan's Syndrome Induced by Vedolizumab
Authors: Jen Henry , Morganstern Bradley , D'Souza Lionel
Published: February 2019

Vedolizumab is a monoclonal antibody against the ɑ4β7 integrin receptor used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Clinical trials have shown vedolizumab to be a safe and highly effective therapy in treating inflammatory bowel disease. Its unique gut-specific mechanism of action has made it an attractive agent in recent years. However, vedolizumab's side effect profile and long-term effects are not fully understood. We report a patient with ulcerative colitis who presented with epistaxis 1 week after receiving the first induction dose of vedolizumab found to have a severe immune-mediated thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia, otherwise known as Evan's syndrome.
Producción de galactooligosacáridos: alternativa para el aprovechamiento del lactosuero. Una revisión
Authors: Gómez Soto James Andrés , Sánchez Toro Óscar Julián
Published: February 2019

En el mundo la producción de suero de leche está en aumento y su aprovechamiento insuficiente genera impactos ambientales y económicos que se reflejan en el deterioro del medio ambiente y la pérdida de recursos económicos para las comunidades. El objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica fue consultar en la literatura científica y técnica los diferentes usos que se le está dando actualmente al lactosuero desde las proteínas y la lactosa. Se identificó que el lactosuero sigue siendo utilizado por lo general para obtener lactosueros en polvo y concentrados y aislados de proteína, entre otros productos. El procesamiento del lactosuero genera residuos como la lactosa que representa un serio problema ambiental y económico por la posible contaminación a fuentes hídricas y el alto costo que tiene su tratamiento (mano de obra e insumos). En este sentido, el proceso de producción de galactooligosacáridos (compuestos prebióticos de alto interés) puede ser una alternativa de inversión y desarrollo tecnológico para el sector lácteo de Colombia que busca nuevas formas de valorizar los residuos y disminuir el impacto ambiental de estos procesos.
Measurement of S100B protein: evaluation of a new prototype on a bioMérieux Vidas® 3 analyzer
Authors: Oris Charlotte , Chabanne Russel , Durif Julie , Kahouadji Samy , Brailova Marina , Sapin Vincent , Bouvier Damien
Published: February 2019

Background

The addition of S100B protein to guidelines for the management of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) decreases the amount of unnecessary computed tomography (CT) scans with a significant decrease in radiation exposure and an increase in cost savings. Both DiaSorin and Roche Diagnostics have developed automated assays for S100B determination. Recently, bioMérieux developed a prototype immunoassay for serum S100B determination. For the first time, we present the evaluation of the S100B measurement using a bioMérieux Vidas® 3 analyzer.

Methods

We evaluated the matrix effects of serum and plasma, and their stability after storage at 2–8 °C, −20 °C and −80 °C. The new measurement prototype (bioMérieux) was compared with an established one (Roche Diagnostics), and a precision study was also conducted. Lastly, clinical diagnostics performance of the bioMérieux and Roche Diagnostics methods were compared for 80 patients referred to the Emergency Department for mTBI.

Results

Stability after storage at 2–8 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C and validation of the serum matrix were demonstrated. The bioMérieux analyzer was compared to the Roche Diagnostics system, and the analytical precision was found to be efficient. Clinical diagnosis performance evaluation confirmed the predictive negative value of S100B in the management of mTBI.

Conclusions

The study’s data are useful for interpreting serum S100B results on a bioMérieux Vidas® 3 analyzer.
Influence of silane/MaPE dual coupling agents on the rheological and mechanical properties of sawdust/rubber/HDPE composites
Authors: Xu Xinwu , Chen Ling , Han Jingquan , Zhan Xianxu
Published: February 2019

Proper utilization of recycled rubber is of high environmental and resource concern. In this study, a composite (COMP) was created based on high-density fiberboard sawdust (HDFS), ground tire rubber (GTR) particles and virgin high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with the ratio of HDFS:GTR:HDPE=30:21:49 and with 1% PE wax as lubricant. A dual coupling agent system, i.e. bis-(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT, up to 5% based on the COMP total weight) together with maleated polyethylene (MaPE, 3, 5 and 8% based on the COMP weight), was applied. The rheological properties of the hybrid during the extrusion process was evaluated in a HAAKE miniLab rheometer, and the bending and tensile properties of injected COMP were tested. The results showed that addition of MaPE and TESPT has an evident influence on the shear viscosity and stress of the COMP fluid, and the two coupling chemicals have synergetic effects. Increased content of MaPE and/or TESPT improved the tensile and bending strength of the COMP, while excessive addition of TESPT (over 1%) decreased the bending modulus. To conclude, a dual coupling system, 5% MaPE plus 1% TESPT, seems to be advantageous for the COMP behavior.
QSAR Modelling to Identify LRRK2 Inhibitors for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Sebastián-Pérez Víctor , Martínez María Jimena , Gil Carmen , Campillo Nuria Eugenia , Martínez Ana , Ponzoni Ignacio
Published: February 2019

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative illnesses in older persons and the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an auspicious target for its pharmacological treatment. In this work, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models for identification of putative inhibitors of LRRK2 protein are developed by using an in-house chemical library and several machine learning techniques. The methodology applied in this paper has two steps: first, alternative subsets of molecular descriptors useful for characterizing LRRK2 inhibitors are chosen by a multi-objective feature selection method; secondly, QSAR models are learned by using these subsets and three different strategies for supervised learning. The qualities of all these QSAR models are compared by classical metrics and the best models are discussed in statistical and physicochemical terms.
Reference range of fetal myocardial area by three-dimensional ultrasonography and its applicability in fetuses of pre-gestational diabetic women
Authors: Melo Júnior José Francisco , Bravo-valenzuela Nathalie Jeanne , Nardozza Luciano Marcondes Machado , Peixoto Alberto Borges , Mattar Rosiane , Martins Wellington P. , Tonni Gabriele , Araujo Júnior Edward
Published: February 2019

Objective

To determine the reference range for the myocardial area in healthy fetuses using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography and validate these results in fetuses of pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods

This cross-sectional retrospective study included 168 healthy pregnant women between gestational weeks 20 and 33+6 days. The myocardial area was measured using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the four-chamber view. Polynomial regression models were used, and the goodness of fit of the models were evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2). Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was determined using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Validation was performed in 30 pregnant women with pre-gestational DM.

Results

There was a strong correlation (R2=0.71, P<0.0001) between myocardial area and gestational age. There was good intra- and inter-observer reproducibility, with a CCC of 0.86 and 0.83, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the mean myocardial area between healthy fetuses and fetuses of women with pre-gestational DM (0.11 cm2, P=0.55).

Conclusion

The reference range was determined for the myocardial area in fetuses, and there was no significant difference in this variable between healthy fetuses and the fetuses of women with pre-gestational DM.
A high concentration of fetal fibronectin in cervical secretions increases the risk of intra-amniotic infection and inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes
Authors: Oh Kyung Joon , Romero Roberto , Park Jee Yoon , Kang Jihyun , Hong Joon-Seok , Yoon Bo Hyun
Published: February 2019

Objective

To determine whether the risk of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) varies as a function of the concentration of cervical fetal fibronectin (fFN) in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes.

Methods

This prospective study included 180 patients with preterm labor and intact membranes who had a sample collected for quantitative fFN measurement and underwent amniocentesis. Amniotic fluid was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and genital mycoplasmas. Intra-amniotic inflammation was defined as an amniotic fluid matrix metalloproteinase-8 concentration >23 ng/mL.

Results

(1) The prevalence of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and SPTD within 7 days was 32.2% (58/180) and 33.9% (61/178), respectively; (2) The higher the fFN concentration, the greater the risk of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and SPTD within 7 days (P<0.001, respectively); (3) An fFN concentration 150 ng/mL had a better diagnostic performance than an fFN 50 ng/mL in the identification of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and SPTD within 7 days; (4) Among the patients with an fFN <50 ng/mL, intra-amniotic infection/inflammation was identified in 7.6% (6/79) of patients and 66.7% (4/6) delivered within 7 days.

Conclusion

The higher the concentration of fFN, the greater the risk of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and SPTD in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes.
Manifestation of the spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking phase transition in hot-electron photodetection based on a tri-layered metamaterial
Authors: Bai Qiang
Published: February 2019

We theoretically and numerically demonstrate that the spontaneous parity-time (PT) symmetry breaking phase transition can be realized respectively by using two independent tuning ways in a tri-layered metamaterial that consists of periodic array of metal-semiconductor Schottky junctions. The existence conditions of PT symmetry and its phase transition are obtained by using a theoretical model based on the coupled mode theory. A hot-electron photodetection based on the same tri-layered metamaterial is proposed, which can directly show the spontaneous PT symmetry breaking phase transition in photocurrent and possesses dynamical tunability and switchability. This work extends the concept of PT symmetry into the hot-electron photodetection, enriches the functionality of the metamaterial and the hot-electron device, and has varieties of potential and important applications in optoelectronics, photodetection, photovoltaics, and photocatalytics.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-N-(5-((triphenylstannyl)thio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methanimine, C25H19N3S3Sn
Authors: Sun Junshan
Published: February 2019

C25H19N3S3Sn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 14.347(4) Å, b = 9.908(3) Å, c = 17.834(5) Å, V = 2405.6(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0287, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0777, T = 298(2) K.
A WTO Ruling Matters: Citizens’ Support for the Government’s Compliance with Trade Agreements
Authors: Matsumura Naoko
Published: February 2019

An international court’s ruling is expected to influence public opinion because of the perception of its legality and the subsequent costs of noncompliance. However, there has been little direct empirical evidence to support this claim. To close this lacuna, I conducted a survey experiment to examine the power of a court’s ruling in the context of a trade dispute. The experiment shows that citizens become less supportive of their government’s noncompliance with GATT/WTO agreements when the World Trade Organization issues an adverse ruling, compared to when their government is verbally accused of a violation of the same agreements by a foreign country. However, the experiment also finds that the impact of a ruling is conditional upon the level of compliance of the winner of the dispute.
Neurogenesis and brain aging
Authors: Isaev Nickolay K. , Stelmashook Elena V. , Genrikhs Elisaveta E.
Published: February 2019

Human aging affects the entire organism, but aging of the brain must undoubtedly be different from that of all other organs, as neurons are highly differentiated postmitotic cells, for the majority of which the lifespan in the postnatal period is equal to the lifespan of the entire organism. In this work, we examine the distinctive features of brain aging and neurogenesis during normal aging, pathological aging (Alzheimer’s disease), and accelerated aging (Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome and Werner syndrome).
Validierung einer deutschsprachigen Spiritual Care-Kompetenz-Skala
Authors: Frick Eckhard , Theiss Mayla , Rodrigues Recchia Daniela , Büssing Arndt
Published: February 2019

Hintergrund: In diesem Beitrag wird erstmals im deutschen Sprachraum ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Spiritual Care-Kompetenzen (SCCQ) validiert. Fragestellung: Welche Reliabilität und welche faktorielle Struktur hat der SCCQ? Methode: Querschnittserhebung (N=717, 74 % Frauen, 65 % katholisch). Statistische Methoden: Interne Konsistenz (Cronbachs α), explorative Faktorenanalyse (EFA), Strukturgleichungsmodellierung (SEM). Ergebnisse: Die EFA erbringt eine 7-faktorielle Struktur des SCCQ mit 26 Items: (1) Wahrnehmungs-Kompetenz; 2) Team-Spirit; 3) Dokumentations-Kompetenz; 4) Selbsterfahrung und proaktive Öffnung; 5) Wissen über andere Religionen; 6) Gesprächsführungs-Kompetenz; 7) proaktive Empowerment-Kompetenz. Cronbachs α der Skalen reicht von .73 bis .86. Die SEM bestätigt das Modell (cfi = 0.96, tli = 0.95, rmsea = 0.04, srmr = 0.05). Die „Gesprächsführungs-Kompetenz“ wird als am stärksten ausgeprägt eingeschätzt, die „Dokumentations-Kompetenz“ am geringsten. Keine wesentlichen Geschlechts-assoziierten, jedoch Alters-assoziierte Unterschiede. Schlussfolgerung: Der SCCQ eignet sich zur Erfassung von strukturellen und individuellen Förderungsbedarfen und zur Evaluierung von Trainingsmaßnahmen.
Evaluation of ASTM D5764 Dowel Connection Tests for Laminated Veneer Bamboo (LVB)
Authors: Khoshbakht N. , Clouston P. L. , Arwade S. R. , Schreyer A. C.
Published: February 2019

The ASTM D5764 standard, Standard Test Method for Evaluating Dowel-Bearing Strength of Wood and Wood-Based Products, for testing dowel connections provides a procedure for measuring the dowel bearing strength of wood and wood-based products. Laminated veneer bamboo (LVB) is a new building product that is employed in similar sizes and applications as dimensional lumber. Being new, more research is needed to understand the key factors and fundamental failure mechanisms that occur in LVB dowel connections to help ensure safe standards for further LVB product adoption and design. This study develops three-dimensional bilinear finite element models for half- and full-hole specimens in accordance with ASTM D5764 when loaded in compression parallel to the grain. The models simulate LVB fracture initiation due to shear stresses in the dowel joint by incorporating frictional stresses in the contact region between a steel bolt and LVB. The model also predicts displacement at failure, which is validated through comparison with experimental results: the material fails at 1 and 1.18 mm displacement loading parallel to the grain for half- and full-hole specimens, respectively. It is found that, despite the higher load-bearing capacity (strength) of the half-hole specimen, both specimens fail at approximately the same displacement because of in-plane shear stresses. This article clarifies the complex interactive state of in-plane shear, tension perpendicular to the grain, and compression parallel-to-grain stresses using the Tsai–Wu failure criterion in the critical zone beneath the bolt hole for half- and full-hole specimens. These findings suggest that care should be taken to select a test method that captures the performance of LVB dowel joints because of different failure mechanisms that occur for full- and half-hole specimens.
The Disease-Associated Chaperone FKBP51 Impairs Cognitive Function by Accelerating AMPA Receptor Recycling
Authors: Blair Laura J. , Criado-Marrero Marangelie , Zheng Dali , Wang Xinming , Kamath Siddharth , Nordhues Bryce A. , Weeber Edwin J. , Dickey Chad A.
Published: February 2019

Increased expression of the FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene has been associated with a number of diseases, but most prominently in connection to psychiatric illnesses. Many of these psychiatric disorders present with dementia and other cognitive deficits, but a direct connection between these issues and alterations inFKBP5remains unclear. We generated a novel transgenic mouse to selectively overexpressFKBP5,which encodes the FKBP51 protein, in the corticolimbic system, which had no overt effects on gross body weight, motor ability, or general anxiety. Instead, we found that overexpression of FKBP51 impaired long-term depression (LTD) as well as spatial reversal learning and memory, suggesting a role in glutamate receptor regulation. Indeed, FKBP51 altered the association of heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with AMPA receptors, which was accompanied by an accelerated rate of AMPA recycling. In this way, the chaperone system is critical in triage decisions for AMPA receptor trafficking. Imbalance in the chaperone system may manifest in impairments in both inhibitory learning and cognitive function. These findings uncover an unexpected and essential mechanism for learning and memory that is controlled by the psychiatric risk factorFKBP5.
Sentimentalism, Joseph Joachim, and the English
Authors: Downes Stephen
Published: February 2019

Joseph Joachim’s role in nineteenth-century English concert life is long celebrated. As yet unexamined, however, is how his performances and reception informed critical debates on sentimentalism. Joachim was a prominent celebrity in the domestic salons of mid-century, for example the Holland Park Circle, where his performances were described as perfect echoes of beautiful interior designs and his status confirmed by G. F. Watts’s famous portrait. This article builds on the relationship between “sublime sentimentality” and “domestic aestheticism” in the writings of John Ruskin, a prominent member of these salons. It explores how Ruskin’s idea of moving from domestic “sites,” through “patterns” to “states” in which the heartfelt is expressed in coded, synecdochal or allusive evocation, even in abstract design, can offer insight into the sentimental dimensions of Joachim’s salon performances.

Crucially, Ruskin considered both domesticity and sentimentalism as designs and expressions of feeling which are capable of expansion into large forms and contexts, of moving from the intimate to the public. The second part of this article explores sentimentalism in works composed for the concert hall, provoking critical debate at the turn of the century. Tovey’s Victorian tastes were strongly influenced by both Joachim and Ruskin, but Tovey’s assessments of Joachim as the violinist reached the end of his career exemplify the wide critical turn against mid-century sentimentalism. In 1902 Tovey praised Joachim for making no concession to public sentimentalism, in particular through demonstrating a “Classical” grasp of form, by contrast with those who seek sentimental effect through slowing down the performance of “beautiful” passages. In a late echo of Ruskin, Tovey desired that one must be susceptible to the beauty of “design.” The article ends by comparing Sargent’s late portrait of Joachim, presented at the Jubilee celebrations of 1904, with that of Watts.
A Reading of Massenet’s Esclarmonde by Chabrier: How Should French Composers Respond to Wagnerian Music Drama?
Authors: Branger Jean-Christophe
Published: February 2019

At the time of the 1889 world premiere of Massenet’s Esclarmonde, Emmanuel Chabrier copiously annotated a copy of the piano-vocal score of this opera, which is considered, despite its unique features, one of the most Wagnerian works of the author. This remarkable and little-known document allows us once again to investigate the challenges of musical creation in a period when all dramatic composers were obliged to position themselves in relation to Wagner, particularly in France where lively debates were taking place between supporters and detractors of the master of Bayreuth. This new source also enriches our knowledge of two composers who, each in his own way, sought to respond to Wagnerian theater, all the while being inspired by it: from Wagner’s example both composers drew subjects based on legends, used reminiscence motifs or enriched their orchestral and harmonic palettes with Wagnerian techniques; but Massenet remained faithful to closed vocal forms, which Chabrier rejected in favor of more continuous composition. Chabrier, however, shows himself captivated by Esclarmonde, for Massenet’s score attests to the desire, very clear in both composers, to avoid blind submission to Wagner’s influence, especially to the point of losing one’s own identity.
Southland Surf
Authors: DePond Margaret
Published: February 2019

Surfing was an Hawaiian cultural practice long before it became a Southern California sport. Hawaiian surfers George Freeth and Duke Kahanamoku popularized the sport at Los Angeles-area beaches. Freeth was sent to demonstrate surfing as a promotion of Hawaiian tourism. Both Freeth and Kahanamoku became promotional tools of Southland beach resorts. Their skills, their media-stereotyped Hawaiian personae, supposed links to Hawaiian nobility, life-saving exploits, and motion-picture promotion mediated their dark skin in race-conscious Los Angeles. By the 1920s, surfing (on lighter, shorter boards) had been adopted as a Southern California pastime.
¿Cómo hablar de Dios al hombre posmoderno? Un acercamiento al cristianismo
Authors: Torres Adame Fabiola
Published: February 2019

En la época moderna, la apuesta del hombre por la razón, su plena confianza en la ciencia y el progreso, dio paso a la muerte de Dios y a la irreligiosidad, sumiéndolo en un vacío existencial. Decepcionado, el hombre posmoderno reconoce la necesidad de volver a Dios, pero no a través de las grandes religiones institucionalizadas como la Iglesia Católica, sino a través de formas epifenoménicas relativistas y reduccionistas, que lejos de llenar ese vacío existencial, lo intensifican. Aunado a ello, el lenguaje religioso ha dejado de ser significativo para algunos creyentes, considerándolo ajeno o distante; carente de sentido. En este contexto posmoderno, ¿cómo hablar de Dios al hombre que busca un sentido de vida?, ¿cuál es la mejor forma o el lenguaje indicado? Y en todo esto, ¿qué papel juega la filosofía? Este trabajo expone desde un enfoque religioso y filosófico, y con un alcance exploratorio: 1) un esbozo sobre las características de la posmodernidad y la necesidad de creer en Dios; 2) el tema de Dios desde la filosofía y la crítica kierkegaardiana al cristianismo; y 3) cómo hablar de Dios; un acercamiento desde el testimonio de la fe, la comunicación indirecta y la hermenéutica analógica.
¿Autoridad emancipatoria? Una aproximación desde El maestro ignorante de Jacques Rancière
Authors: Steimbreger Lautaro
Published: February 2019

Autoridad y emancipación son dos nociones que, en principio, se nos presentan como opuestas. Mientras que la primera presupone una disimetría, la igualdad es inherente a la segunda; mientras que obediencia y sumisión se emparentan con la primera, libertad es un sinónimo de la segunda. Pero, ¿es posible hallar puntos de encuentro entre los vínculos de autoridad en el campo educativo y la emancipación intelectual de los individuos?, o ¿existe una tal autoridad emancipatoria? En el presente artículo, abordamos este problema retomando la historia del pedagogo francés del siglo XIX, Joseph Jacotot, y la lectura que hace de ella el filósofo Jacques Rancière en su obra El maestro ignorante. Iniciamos el recorrido con un rastreo conceptual de las nociones en cuestión para identificar rasgos y elementos propios de cada una, sin desatender a las paradojas que ambas traen consigo. La autoridad admitirá distintas figuras o manifestaciones, que van de la ceñida relación mando/obediencia, a la generatividad del auctor. La emancipación será definida por el principio de igualdad de inteligencias y la hipótesis de confianza. Posteriormente, sostenemos que Jacotot ofició como una figura de autoridad, primero, por el tipo de relación pedagógica que sostuvo con los estudiantes de la Universidad de Lovaina, y segundo, porque en su camino produjo libros, fundó un método de enseñanza, creó un periódico y cosechó discípulos. Así, veremos que en su persona convergen no sólo los fenómenos de autoridad y emancipación, sino también las distintas formas en que la autoridad se manifiesta.
El modelo de control de gestión en las empresas de servicios públicos domiciliarios en Colombia: balance y desafíos durante la vigencia de la Ley 142
Authors: Salinas Romero Nayibe
Published: February 2019

El modelo de control de gestión de las empresas de servicios públicos domiciliarios en Colombia es un modelo que tiene falencias, pues su estructura organizacional integrado por las comisiones de regulación y la Superintendencia de Servicios Públicos, en conjunto con el marco regulatorio que lo rige, no ha logrado contribuir con el objetivo del Estado de garantizar el bienestar a toda la población, en razón de que aún existen regiones con deficiencias en cobertura y calidad en la prestación de los servicios públicos.Los problemas financieros de importantes empresas prestadoras como consecuenciade la corrupción y gestión pública ineficiente, demuestran fallas en los sistemas de control que son afectados por factores externos, como la regulación y la intervención de los actores políticos en dicha regulación, el contexto regional, el sector donde operan y factores internos como la ausencia de gobierno corporativo, sistemas de información inoportunos y poco confiables, la poca planeación y la falta de sistemas de control de la gestión al interior de la organización que propendan no solo por el control financiero, sino por una evaluación más integral de la gestión pública.
ANÁLISIS DEL SOBREPESO, OBESIDAD, NIVELES DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y AUTOESTIMA DE LA NIÑEZ DE LEÓN, NICARAGUA
Authors: Reyes Ortiz Ricardo , Otero Zamora Eddy , Pastrán Mairena Raúl , Herrera Monge María Fernanda , Álvarez Bogantes Carlos
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la prevalencia del sobrepeso u obesidad, los niveles de actividad física y de autoestima en una región escolar nicaragüense. Se evaluaron 731 estudiantes de 10 escuelas del departamento de León Nicaragua, de los cuales 260 fueron de cuarto, 226 de quinto y 245 de sexto grado, en edades entre los 9 y 13 años. Para medir cada variable del estudio se evaluó la talla y el peso, para el cálculo del IMC, el cuestionario de actividad física para niños y niñas mayores (PAQ-C) y el cuestionario sobre autoestima (LAWSEQ). Según los resultados un 25 % de los estudiantes tienen una prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad y un 4 % en bajo peso. En el nivel de actividad física, un 77 % indica realizar actividad física moderada. Con respecto a la autoestima, se encontró que un 51 % presenta baja autoestima y solo un 4 % nivel alto. Estos resultados marcan el rumbo para el desarrollo de intervenciones que contemplen el entorno escolar, con el fin de propiciar estrategias que logren activar a la niñez, de por vida, hacia un estilo de vida más saludable.
Anaphylaxis to Carboxymethylcellulose: Add Food Additives to the List of Elicitors
Authors: Ohnishi Ai , Hashimoto Kunio , Ozono Eriko , Sasaki Michiyo , Sakamoto Ayako , Tashiro Kasumi , Moriuchi Hiroyuki
Published: February 2019

A 14-year-old girl developed 4 episodes of anaphylaxis of unknown etiology, which required intramuscular adrenaline administration each time. She had eaten pizza and a cheeseburger immediately before the first 2 episodes, respectively, but had not eaten anything for several hours before the last 2 episodes. It turned out that she had eaten the same ice lolly 4 hours before the first 3 episodes and a Café au lait Swirkle (a half-frozen beverage) 4 hours before the last episode. We detected carboxymethylcellulose sodium as the only common ingredient in all anaphylactic episodes. Skin prick tests were positive for carboxymethylcellulose solution and carboxymethylcellulose-containing food products. We obtained a custom-made carboxymethylcellulose sodium–free ice lolly from the manufacturer and confirmed that it did not induce anaphylactic reactions by a challenge test. Carboxymethylcellulose, an anionic water-soluble polymer derived from native cellulose, is considered to be unabsorbable from the human gut and has been widely and increasingly used in pharmaceutical preparations, cosmetics, and food. This article is the first report of anaphylaxis caused by carboxymethylcellulose-containing foods, whereas anaphylaxis to carboxymethylcellulose has been rarely associated with carboxymethylcellulose-containing pharmaceuticals. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the induction of late-onset anaphylaxis by carboxymethylcellulose remain unclear, a small minority of cellulose-digesting microbial flora in the human colon and contamination of food products with carboxymethylcellulose of low molecular weight might be involved. The induction of recurrent anaphylaxis by various products should be a clue that prompts physicians to suspect food additives as a cause for anaphylaxis.
Assessment of Biofield Energy Treatment on Liver Health Using Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line (HepG2)
Authors: Trivedi Dahryn , Jana Snehasis
Published: February 2019

Liver is the main metabolic organ in human. Most of the chemicals are primarily metabolized in the liver followed by excretion of the metabolites from the body. Therefore, there is a high chance of liver damage and most of the peoples are suffering many diseases due to their poor metabolic power of liver. In this context, the present study was performed to find out the potential role of the Biofield Energy (The Trivedi Effect®) Treated test item (DMEM) in HepG2 cell line. The test item was divided into two parts. One part of the test item received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi and the other part defined as the untreated DMEM, where no Biofield Treatment was given. Cell viability of the test sample using MTT assay showed 152.8 % viable cells in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group, suggested that the test item was nontoxic and safe in nature. The Biofield Energy Treated DMEM showed 12.2 % protection of cells against oxidative stress induced by t-BHP. The level of IL-8 was significantly reduced by 13.71 % in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the TNF-α stimulated control group. Moreover, the level of ALT was significantly (p ≤ 0.001) reduced by 64.16 % in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the t-BHP group. Cholesterol level was significantly reduced by 34.94 % Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the untreated DMEM group. Besides, the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group showed 23.19 % increased the level of albumin compared to the untreated DMEM group. Altogether, results suggested that Biofield Treatment significantly improved liver health and its function. Thus, Consciousness Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment could be utilized as a hepatoprotectant against several hepatic disorders such as Gilbert’s disease, cirrhosis, steatosis, alcohol abuse, hemochromatosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Wilson’s disease, cholangiocarcinoma, etc.
Comparación de las características poblacionales de Lemna minuta (ARACEAE: LEMNOIDEAE) en tres medios de cultivo
Authors: Ramírez Babativa Daniel Ferley , Espinosa Ramírez Adriana Janeth
Published: February 2019

Las investigaciones en macrófitas acuáticas neotropicales son escasas, principalmente en Colombia comparadas con países como Brasil, aunque se consideran comunidades apropiadas en diversas aplicaciones por su gran capacidad reproductiva y alta sensibilidad a condiciones cambiantes del ambiente. Se propuso aclimatar y cultivar un clon de Lemna minuta, lenteja de agua flotante de amplia distribución en Colombia y América. Sus frondas hijas se mantuvieron dos meses en el medio de cultivo APHA y posteriormente se comparó su propagación en tres medios de cultivo: Hoagland’s E+, APHA y AAP20x. Se analizaron variables de crecimiento poblacional como tasa de crecimiento, mortalidad, tiempo de duplicación y tiempo de vida. Adicionalmente, se evaluó la eficiencia del método de limpieza de frondas propuesto por Acreman para obtener cultivos axénicos. Los resultados indicaron que el medio Hoagland’s E+ (sin compuestos orgánicos) es el más adecuado para el crecimiento de las frondas en condiciones de laboratorio, debido a su mayor tasa de producción de frondas (0,16 frondas·d-1) y tiempo de vida (13,8 días), con menor mortalidad (0,11 frondas·d-1) y tiempo de duplicación (4,61 días). Conocer los parámetros de crecimiento poblacional y las condiciones de cultivo de L. minuta permiten proponerla como una macrófita relevante y candidata para diversos bioensayos de calidad de agua.
La proyección de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia como proyecto colectivo en el desarrollo de Nación
Authors: Buitrago Hurtado Gustavo
Published: February 2019

Recientemente la editora de la Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología profesora Dolly Montoya Castaño fue designada rectora de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UN), universidad pública y autónoma que el año anterior cumplió 150 años de existencia como proyecto cultural, histórico y social que integra saberes humanísticos, artísticos y científicos como parte de su compromiso para el desarrollo de Nación.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Providers towards the Prevention and Control of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis at Nekemte Referral Hospital, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Getu Bayisa Ginenus Fekadu*, Ayalesew Melese,
Published: February 2019

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has existed for millennia and remains a major global health problem. Although it may be assumed that in general health care workers (HCWs) know about MDR-TB and its implications, several studies from around the globe have found that HCWs do not always exhibit sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and acceptable practices regarding preventing and treating MDR-TB. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted by means of self-administered semi structured questionnaires that was provided to health care workers of NRH from March 10 to April 2, 2017. Using convenient sampling technique, from 155 health professionals’ 140 individuals returned the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics was used to determine frequency and percentage. Chi-square test was used to identify the relationships between dependent and independent variables (P<0.05 and 95% CI). Results: The mean age of participants was 30.76+6.42 years. About 56.4% of the participants were males and majority of participants were Nurses (42.2%). Greater than half (59.3%) of respondents had good level of knowledge about MDR-TB and the overwhelming majority of them held positive attitude (60.7%) towards patients with MDR-TB. Overall 21%, 55%, 72.1% of respondents reported that they had their own copy of MDR-TB management guidelines, used the protective masks and were individually involved in educating patients about MDR-TB respectively. Respondents who had good knowledge about MDR-TB significantly wore their Protective masks than those with insufficient knowledge which was statistically significant (P=0.01). Based on the assessed level of knowledge, respondents with good level of knowledge reported they referred to the manual more than those with insufficient level (30.1% versus 19.3%, P=0.172). Conclusion: The finding indicates that the level of knowledge about MDR-TB did not influence the attitude and practices of respondents towards patients suffering from MDR-TB. Contrary to this good knowledge was positively associated with safer practices such as using protective masks, educating patients, and referring to the MDRTB guidelines manual. This situation needs to be remedied by making the guidelines available to all healthcare workers in Ethiopia.