bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Dynamic Optimization Algorithm of Warehousing Location Layout Based on Nonlinear Optimization
Authors: Chen Guang , Tu Zhiwei , Zhang Sheng , Fang Jing , She Fan
Published: April 2024

The paper aims to improve the turnover rate and operation efficiency of goods that are shipped out and replenished in the warehouses of electric power enterprises through big data analysis and optimization algorithms.The data is distributed in diverse locations and data nonlinear optimization algorithms certainly helps to understand the patterns for effective management of warehouses.This article focuses on reducing the delay in the operational processes.A multi-objective optimization (MOO) has been proposed which is aiming at improving the efficiency of transition process of commodities, storage, and overall warehouse operations.The study helps in the optimization of the allocation of cargo spaces with the aid of big data analysis optimization technology which collects and manages data in a distributed environment. A multi-objective cargo space optimization algorithm is proposed along with consideration of dynamic constraints.The algorithm is based on the coefficient of variation adaptive differential evolution algorithm.Individual decoding is performed according to the real-time cargo space availability.The simulation results show that the convergence speed of the algorithm is greatly improved.Meanwhile, the efficiency of warehouse transition process, shelf stability and the classification of commodities are remarkably improved.In nutshell, the multi-objective decision-making with the integration of big data analysis optimization technology assists in the effective organization of warehouse allocation system by considering multiple factors and constraints.
Study of the relationship between stress and mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Maltseva Tatiana , Kursakova Elena
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between stress and mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The subject of this study was the mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The study was carried out on the basis of the cultural-historical, activity-based and resource-based methodological approaches of psychology (L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, P. Ya. Galperin, D. B. Elkonin, etc.). In the process of conducting the research, the following methods were used: formal logical analysis, generalizations, diagnostic (psychological test methods for assessing stress resistance and neuropsychic adaptation), quantitative (statistical) and qualitative (differentiation of material by groups, options), as well as methods of mathematical statistics with using computer statistical packages of the SPSS program.

The respondents were 40 representatives of the teaching staff of educational institutions of higher education aged 30-45 years with 10-20 years of work experience.

It has been revealed that the mental health of teachers is determined, first of all, by their susceptibility to organizational stress, which affects the manifestation of a state of maladjustment and mental discomfort.

The study determined the characteristics of susceptibility to organizational stress of teachers of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; Differences were identified in the degree of exposure to the negative consequences of stress between certified teachers and civilian teachers. A significant connection between the level of neuropsychic adaptation and the level of assessment of organizational stress was revealed. The training program for preserving mental health and self-development of the teaching staff of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is justified;

It has been shown that susceptibility to organizational stress, the level of psychological stress, and the severity of stress factors are higher in the group of teachers at civilian universities; in terms of the degree of exposure to the negative consequences of stress, the groups of certified teachers dominate the group of civilians; The mental health of professionals is determined, first of all, by their susceptibility to organizational stress, which affects the manifestation of a state of maladjustment and mental discomfort.
The Association Between Heart Rate Variability and Sleep Quality - a Narrative Review
Authors: Kapica Marcin , Kopacz Wojciech , Głogowska Karen , Wojtas Mikołaj , Krzyżanowska Maria , Nowak Gabriela , Żmijewska Aleksandra , Sztybór Mateusz , Maleszewska Monika , Piątkiewicz Julia
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Heart rate variability (HRV) serves as a non-invasive marker to assess autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation on cardiac rhythm. Its link with sleep quality, particularly in the context of insomnia, posits HRV as a potential indicator of autonomic state variations during sleep disturbances. The prevalence of insomnia, affecting up to 20% of the general population, emphasizes the need to understand its extensive impact.
Material and Methods
For this review - 41 relevant titles from 1985 to 2024 were selected
Analysis of the Literature:
Recent studies highlight a bidirectional relationship between insomnia and ANS function, with increased sympathetic activity indicated by physiological and subjective measures in individuals with insomnia. The role of medications like beta-blockers in disrupting ANS and leading to sleep deprivation further connects measurable and perceived aspects of sleep quality, impacting health negatively. Moreover, HRV's application has expanded beyond professional athletics to daily activity and sleep quality monitoring by the general population, emphasizing its potential in evaluating stress and training intensity.
Conclusion: The complex interplay between HRV, insomnia, and health outcomes necessitates further research. However, integrating HRV measurements into clinical and everyday monitoring may offer a promising avenue for improving sleep disorder management and enhancing quality of life.
Revisión de la teoría del actor red (TAR) como referente metodológico en la investigación en ciencias sociales
Authors: Uribe Lopera Lucas , González Montero Sebastián  Alejandro , Montoya Uribe Tomás
Published: April 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática referente a la utilización de la teoría de actor red (tar) como referente metodológico en la investigación de las ciencias sociales. Para este fin, se realiza una búsqueda basada en la metodología del Scoping Review en tres bases de datos, usando como criterio de selección la utilización de términos de referencia “actor red” en título, palabras clave y resumen; se filtra las investigaciones relacionadas con colectivos y redes donde se use la tar como referente metodológico y se cataloga por su campo de estudio; finalmente, se procede a señalar los elementos comunes de las categorías. Como síntesis, se señala las posibilidades y limitaciones de este referente. Concluimos que la utilización de la tar requiere asumir una postura ontológica que se basa en la comprensión de la realidad como una red de actores simétricos que agencian a otros, transformando las referencias que los incluyen, a partir de procesos de mediación y traducción, que pueden ser estudiados desde el empirismo radical, poniéndola como una alternativa de estudio que puede describir, analizar e intervenir las redes, desde una comprensión de los actores que la componen.
Probabilistic Thinking Profile of Mathematics Teacher Candidates in Problem Solving based on Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Shodiqin Ali , Sukestiyarno Y.L. , Wardono Wardono , Isnarto Isnarto
Published: April 2024

Many problems in real life are full of uncertainty. Probabilistic thinking is one way to solve this uncertainty problem. The personality abilities that are interesting to examine include how independent the students are in facing probabilistic solutions. For this reason, it is necessary to study the probabilistic thinking profile of prospective mathematics teachers in solving probabilistic problems in terms of learning the self-regulation. The research method used in this research is qualitative research. In this study, the researcher conducted an analysis of students' probabilistic thinking with the scope of the probability material related to the sample space, the probability of events, and the probability of the random variable space. The profile of the level of probabilistic thinking is influenced by cognitive factors in the form of probabilistic knowledge obtained by students and personality in the form of self-regulated learning. Student learning self-regulated influences the mental activity in decision making. By studying the profile of probabilistic thinking, students are better prepare to face uncertainty with various aspects that influence it.
Construction and Analysis of Network Cloud Security Situation Awareness System Based on DBN-DE Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yunfei , Xu Xingzhi , Shi Yayuan
Published: April 2024

With the wide application of cloud computing, network security has become the primary issue in cloud environment. This study focuses on constructing a system focusing on network cloud security situation awareness, and combines deep belief network with differential evolution algorithm to improve the perception and analysis capability of network cloud security. Differential evolution algorithm is used to optimize DBN weights and parameters to improve system performance and generalization ability. In the aspect of system performance evaluation, the effectiveness of the system is verified by a series of experiments. The experimental results show that the system based on DBN-DE has excellent performance in network attack detection and can quickly identify various potential threats. The system also has a low false alarm rate, which can reduce the frequency of administrator intervention, and improve the efficiency and reliability of network cloud security.
Robustness and Collision-Resistance of PhotoDNA
Authors: Steinebach Martin
Published: April 2024

PhotoDNA is a widely utilized hash designed to counteract Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM). However, there has been a scarcity of detailed information regarding its performance. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of its robustness and susceptibility to false positives, along with fundamental insights into its structure. Our findings reveal its resilience to common image processing techniques like lossy compression. Conversely, its robustness is limited when confronted with cropping. Additionally, we propose recommendations for enhancing the algorithm or optimizing its application. This work is an extension on our paper [21].
Enhancing English Language Education Through Big Data Analytics and Generative AI
Authors: Liu Jianhua
Published: April 2024

This research paper provides a comprehensive examination of the significant impact of big data analytics and generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on the field of English language education. Utilizing a meticulous framework rooted in the evolutionary network influence of big data, our study critically analyzes several aspects of student engagement, learning motivation, self-efficacy, and the existing disparities among learners. Our primary objective is to enhance students’ active participation, intrinsic interest, and self-confidence in the context of English language learning, thus advancing their overall linguistic competence. To achieve these objectives, our study systematically integrates the concept of practice education with a multidisciplinary approach, leveraging the power of big data analysis and GAI, and reveals profound insights into student learning behaviors, preferences, and personalized educational needs. We employ advanced techniques for meticulous data processing and interpretation, empowering educators to make data-informed decisions and tailor pedagogical strategies to meet the unique requirements of each student. This data-driven pedagogical approach not only facilitates the implementation of effective teaching methodologies but also effectively addresses the disparities stemming from diverse student backgrounds, thereby fostering a more inclusive and personalized learning environment.
The management of resources in remote desert areas: Bayuda and North Kordofan
Authors: Eger-Karberg Jana , Karberg Tim
Published: April 2024

This chapter deals with different economic systems and the management of limited resources at the fringes of ancient Nubia. Northern Kordofan and the Bayuda are peripheries of the ancient Kushite and Nubian realm. On the one hand, they are semi-desertic rangelands mainly used by pastoralists as natural pasture, on the other they are desert lands which allow subsistence agriculture only at specific oasislike ecologically favoured zones where irrigation from groundwater aquifers is possible. Keywords: Resource management, hinterland, Bayuda, North Kordofan
Brands and Audiences: An Interview with Suzanne Persechino
Authors: Jenkins Joanna L. , Persechino Suzanne
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article presents an interview between Joanna Jenkins, a creative scholar-practitioner and affiliated faculty member at Saint Joseph's University, and Suzanne Persechino, senior vice-president of revenue research at A+E Networks, on a variety of topics: the impact of media and advertising on society, strategies for brand engagement, and pathways for professional development. Persechino also highlights the role of advertising in connecting celebrities with audiences and the need for ethical influence. The discussion extends to brand monetization techniques that emphasize consumer experience and innovative engagement methods. The conversation also covers how to foster an inclusive and creative workplace culture, the importance of educational curricula that prepare students for real-world challenges, and advice for emerging professionals on how to leverage social media for career advancement. Persechino advocates for partnerships between academia and the industry, suggesting a collaborative approach for the future success of students as well as the understanding of advertising's place in society and culture.
Sustainable Practices and Demarketing: An Interview with Philip Kotler
Authors: Minsky Laurence , Kotler Philip
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article presents a conversation between Laurence Minsky and Philip Kotler focused on sustainability, societal marketing, and the evolving role of businesses in fostering a more sustainable future. Kotler, a preeminent marketing scholar, delves into the concepts of societal and social marketing while emphasizing the importance for businesses to prioritize sustainability to achieve profitability and positive societal impact. He advocates for demarketing strategies to discourage harmful consumer behaviors and highlights the significance of branding in delivering value and fostering customer loyalty. Minsky and Kotler explore the challenges brands face in a politically divided world while covering the benefits of degrowth as a way to balance economic and population growth with environmental needs. Kotler critiques traditional business models focused on endless growth and advocates for stakeholder (over shareholder) centric approaches. He also sees potential change through the integration of ethical considerations into business education and recognizing and rewarding sustainable practices in advertising. The interview underscores the critical need for a unified approach among businesses, academia, and governments. It also supports the pivotal role of marketing and advertising in promoting positive behavioral change to address societal and environmental challenges.
A Monastic School of Peace in Post-Colonial Algeria: Christophe Lebreton's Tibhirine Journal
Authors: Foulcher Jane
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Christophe Lebreton was the youngest of seven Cistercian monks kidnapped and executed by Islamic terrorists in Algeria in 1996. His prayer journal (1993–1996) offers a window into the Tibhirine monks' response to the escalating violence in Algeria, and a privileged insight into Brother Christophe's commitment to the monastery as "a school of peace." He understands the relationship between the violence in human hearts and the violence in the world, the relationship between "peace within" and "peace without." Drawing on his published journal, this paper examines Christophe's understanding of peace, and the monastic commitments and practices that underpin its growth.
Desmond Tutu's Spirituality of Protest
Authors: McCarty James W.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This essay interprets Desmond Mpilo Tutu's practice of protest as a spiritual practice in light of his regular participation in other spiritual practices such as prayer, silence, and Eucharist. Connecting these spiritual practices to his theologies of ubuntu and the imago Dei , I demonstrate that Tutu's life of protest was an expression of his spirituality and that his example challenges sharp distinctions between the "political" and the "spiritual." Rather, spirituality understood in the key of Tutu's ubuntu theology is always already political.
Optical transition properties, 1550-to-980  nm upconversion, and temperature sensing of NaEr(WO4)2:Yb3+ phosphors synthesized via the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method
Authors: Gao Duan , Liu Shengyi , Zhang Xizhen , Zhang Jinsu , Xu Sai , Li Xiangping , Cao Yongze , Wang Yichao , Yu Hongquan , Zhang Yuhang , Sha Xuezhu , Wang Li , Chen Xin , Chen Baojiu
Published: April 2024

Improving photoelectric conversion efficiency and enhancing heat management are two critical considerations for silicon-based solar cells. In this study, efficient Yb3+ infrared emissions through the upconversion process were achieved by adjusting the concentrations of Yb3+ in Er3+ highly condensed NaEr(WO4)2 phosphor. Additionally, the temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) was also studied in this tungstate system. Moreover, the radiative transition rates for all relevant transitions of Er3+ in NaEr(WO4)2:Yb3+ phosphors were calculated in the framework of Judd-Ofelt theory, and the optical transition properties of Yb3+ were also revealed by taking Er3+ as a reference. It was found that the radiative transition rate of Yb3+:2F5/2→2F7/2 (2977.52s−1) is significantly higher than that of Er3+:4I11/2→4I15/2 (303.50s−1), thus suggesting the feasibility for the strong emission at 980 nm of Yb3+ in assistance of the energy transfer 4I11/2+2F7/2→4I15/2+2F5/2. Finally, strong and nearly pure NIR emissions of Yb3+ were experimentally observed under 1550 nm excitation, and possible upconversion mechanisms were proposed. The temperature sensing performance of the studied materials was also assessed. All the results imply that NaEr(WO4)2:Yb3+ constitutes an excellent material for enhancing both the photoelectric conversion efficiency and thermal management of silicon-based solar cells.
Strong coupling between plasmonic nanocavity gold nanorods and quantum dots emitter
Authors: Zulkifli Basyirah , Ahmad Khushaini Muhammad Asif , Azeman Nur Hidayah , Md Jamil Mohd Suzeren , Tg Abdul Aziz Tg Hasnan , Md Zain Ahmad Rifqi
Published: April 2024

The discovery of hybrid states in strong coupling interaction has gained growing attention in cavity-quantum electrodynamics research owing to its fundamental directives and potential in advanced optical applications. The ultra-confined mode volume of plasmonic cavity gold nanorods (AuNRs), particularly at the nanorod tip “hotspot” provides a large coupling strength, a prerequisite for a coherent energy exchange in the strong coupling regime. Here, we reported a remarkable Rabi splitting of ∼231 meV between gold nanorods longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LLSPR) mode and quantum dots (QDs) at ambient conditions, monitored by dielectric medium tuning. Numerical simulations confirmed the result, displaying absorption spectral splitting.
Single-beam three-axis SERF atomic magnetometer based on coordinate system rotation
Authors: Zhang Jialong , Chen Tianpeng , Wei Chen , Ou Zhonghua , Yue Huimin , Liu Yong
Published: April 2024

We propose what we believe to be a new single-beam three-axis spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) vector atomic magnetometer scheme based on coordinate system deflection. A theoretical model for the system response under arbitrary angle deflection was established for the first time, and the system response at different angles was simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the system response increases in the direction of the non-sensitive axis and decreases in the direction of the sensitive axis as the deflection angle increases, and the two responses tend to be the same when the angle is deflected to 45-degrees. Experimental measurements were carried out at a deflection angle of 45-degrees and the results showed that the sensitivity of the magnetometer was 55fT/Hz1/2 in the x1-axis, 38fT/Hz1/2 in the y1-axis and 60fT/Hz1/2 in the z1-axis. This single-beam magnetometer can be used to construct a miniaturized and low-cost weak magnetic sensor, which is expected to be used for vector measurement of biomagnetism.
Development of a biophotonic fiber sensor using direct-taper and anti-taper techniques with seven-core and four-core fiber for the detection of doxorubicin in cancer treatment
Authors: Li Xiangshan , Singh Ragini , Zhang Bingyuan , Kumar Santosh , Li Guoru
Published: April 2024

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an important drug for cancer treatment, but its clinical application is limited due to its toxicity and side effects. Therefore, detecting the concentration of DOX during treatment is crucial for enhancing efficacy and reducing side effects. In this study, the authors developed a biophotonic fiber sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) with the multimode fiber (MMF)-four core fiber (FCF)-seven core fiber (SCF)-MMF-based direct-taper and anti-taper structures for the specific detection of DOX. Compared to other detection methods, it has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, and strong anti-interference ability. In this experiment, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), cerium-oxide nanorods (CeO2-NRs), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were immobilized on the probe surface to enhance the sensor's biocompatibility. MWCNTs and CeO2-NRs provided more binding sites for the fixation of AuNPs. By immobilizing AuNPs on the surface, the LSPR was stimulated by the evanescent field to detect DOX. The sensor surface was functionalized with DOX aptamers for specific detection, enhancing its specificity. The experiments demonstrated that within a linear detection range of 0-10 µM, the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.77 nm/µM, and the limit of detection (LoD) is 0.42 µM. Additionally, the probe's repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and selectivity were evaluated, indicating that the probe has high potential for detecting DOX during cancer treatment.
Non-telecentric photoacoustic microscopy for multi-scale imaging
Authors: Wang Yujie , Li Linyang , Qi Weizhi , Qin Wei , Jin Tian , Li Tingting , Subochev Pavel , Xi Lei
Published: April 2024

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) excels in precisely imaging a biological tissue based on absorption contrast. However, existing OR-PAMs are confined by fixed compromises between spatial resolution and field of view (FOV), preventing the integration of large FOV and local high-resolution within one system. Here, we present a non-telecentric OR-PAM (nTC-PAM) that empowers efficient adaptation of FOV and spatial resolution to match the multi-scale requirement of diverse biological imaging. Our method allows for a large-scale transformation in FOV and even surpassing the nominal FOV of the objective with minimal marginal degradation of the lateral resolution. We demonstrate the advantage of nTC-PAM through multi-scale imaging of the leaf phantom, mouse ear, and cortex. The results reveal that nTC-PAM can switch the FOV and spatial resolution to meet the requirements of different biological tissues, such as large-scale imaging of the whole cerebral cortex and high-resolution imaging of microvascular structures in local brain regions.
Active control of nonreciprocal near-field radiative heat transfer with a drift-current biased graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructure
Authors: Ma Qijun , Xiong Qisen , Chen Xue , Jiang Leyong , Xiang Yuanjiang
Published: April 2024

The interaction between the drift-current biased graphene plasmonics and the hyperbolic phonon polaritons of α-MoO3 provides a promising way to manipulate near-field radiation heat transfer (NFRHT). Through examination of the drift biased graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructure, it has been discovered that drift-current applied to the graphene effectively enhances photon tunneling. Consequently, they dynamically modulate the coupling effect of the two excitations, thereby offering a reliable pathway for the modulation of NFRHT. Furthermore, the influencing mechanism of vacuum gaps on nonreciprocal NFRHT with different drift-current rates is revealed, and it is discovered that the vacuum gaps can filter the nonreciprocal surface plasmon polaritons with high nonreciprocity. Our findings make it possible to manipulate nanoscale thermal rectification and noncontact thermal modulation.
Emission behaviors from ZnO microwire pumped CsPbBr3 perovskite microwire
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Lyu Jing , Zou Shuangyang , Kong Denan , Zhao Yujing , Liu Ruibin
Published: April 2024

Perovskite semiconductor materials have attracted significant attention in the fields of photovoltaics and luminescence due to their excellent photoelectric properties, such as high carrier mobility, high absorption coefficient, and high fluorescence quantum yield. In particular, low-dimensional metal-halide perovskite microcrystalline materials have been reported to exhibit low-dimensional lasing phenomena and laser devices due to their high gain and widely tunable bandgap. In this Letter, one-dimensional (1-D) ZnO microwires with their ultraviolet lasing emissions are utilized as an excitation source to pump CsPbBr3 microwire on hybrid ZnO–CsPbBr3 microscale structures. At higher excitation, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) behaviors from CsPbBr3 microwire are realized with ultralow threshold by indirect pumping from the ZnO lasing emission for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. In comparison, the ASE behaviors from the CsPbBr3 microwire directly pumped by Nd:YAG Q-switched laser and continuous wave laser are also performed at room temperature. There are also no multimode lasing behaviors observed. The paper provides a new method to achieve a low threshold on-chip microlaser by a high-quality perovskite micro–nano structure.
Bistable response and quasi-periodicity excitation of the internal dynamics of soliton molecules
Authors: Zou Defeng , Xu Guizhen , Liu Runmin , Zhang Aoyan , Chen Gina Jinna , Dang Hong , Hu Minglie , Song Youjian , Shum Perry Ping
Published: April 2024

Soliton molecules, a frequently observed phenomenon in most mode-locked lasers, have intriguing characteristics comparable to their matter molecule counterparts. However, there are rare explorations of the deterministic control of the underlying physics within soliton molecules. Here, we demonstrate the bistable response of intramolecular motion to external stimuli and identify a general approach to excite their quasi-periodic oscillations. By introducing frequency-swept gain modulation, the intrinsic resonance frequency of the soliton molecule is observed in the simulation model. Applying stronger modulation, the soliton molecule exhibits divergent response susceptibility to up- and down-sweeping, accompanied by a jump phenomenon. Quasi-periodic intramolecular oscillations appear at the redshifted resonance frequency. Given the leading role of bistability and quasi-periodic dynamics in nonlinear physics, our research provides insights into the complex nonlinear dynamics within dissipative soliton molecules. It may pave the way to related experimental studies on synchronization and chaos at an ultrafast time scale.
Hybrid BOFDA/BOCDA system for distributed static and dynamic strain measurements
Authors: Vallifuoco Raffaele , Zeni Luigi , Minardo Aldo
Published: April 2024

We present a distributed optical fiber sensor based on a hybrid Brillouin optical frequency/correlation-domain analysis (BOFDA/BOCDA) configuration for both static and dynamic strain measurements. Distributed static strain (or temperature) measurements are realized using the conventional BOFDA method, i.e., acquiring the baseband transfer function of the fiber through a vector network analyzer (VNA). With little modifications, the same setup can perform dynamic, position-selective measurements synthesizing a correlation peak through a frequency modulation of the laser source while operating the VNA at a single modulation frequency. Experimental tests, carried out at a sampling frequency up to 40 Hz and a spatial resolution of ≈5 cm, demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.
StellarPath: Hierarchical-vertical multi-omics classifier synergizes stable markers and interpretable similarity networks for patient profiling
Authors: Giudice Luca , Mohamed Ahmed , Malm Tarja
Published: April 2024

The Patient Similarity Network paradigm implies modeling the similarity between patients based on specific data. The similarity can summarize patients’ relationships from high-dimensional data, such as biological omics. The end PSN can undergo un/supervised learning tasks while being strongly interpretable, tailored for precision medicine, and ready to be analyzed with graph-theory methods. However, these benefits are not guaranteed and depend on the granularity of the summarized data, the clarity of the similarity measure, the complexity of the network’s topology, and the implemented methods for analysis. To date, no patient classifier fully leverages the paradigm’s inherent benefits. PSNs remain complex, unexploited, and meaningless. We present StellarPath, a hierarchical-vertical patient classifier that leverages pathway analysis and patient similarity concepts to find meaningful features for both classes and individuals. StellarPath processes omics data, hierarchically integrates them into pathways, and uses a novel similarity to measure how patients’ pathway activity is alike. It selects biologically relevant molecules, pathways, and networks, considering molecule stability and topology. A graph convolutional neural network then predicts unknown patients based on known cases. StellarPath excels in classification performances and computational resources across sixteen datasets. It demonstrates proficiency in inferring the class of new patients described in external independent studies, following its initial training and testing phases on a local dataset. It advances the PSN paradigm and provides new markers, insights, and tools for in-depth patient profiling.
A novel electronic health record-based, machine-learning model to predict severe hypoglycemia leading to hospitalizations in older adults with diabetes: A territory-wide cohort and modeling study
Authors: Shi Mai , Yang Aimin , Lau Eric S. H. , Luk Andrea O. Y. , Ma Ronald C. W. , Kong Alice P. S. , Wong Raymond S. M. , Chan Jones C. M. , Chan Juliana C. N. , Chow Elaine
Published: April 2024

Background

Older adults with diabetes are at high risk of severe hypoglycemia (SH). Many machine-learning (ML) models predict short-term hypoglycemia are not specific for older adults and show poor precision-recall. We aimed to develop a multidimensional, electronic health record (EHR)-based ML model to predict one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization in older adults with diabetes.

Methods and findings

We adopted a case-control design for a retrospective territory-wide cohort of 1,456,618 records from 364,863 unique older adults (age ≥65 years) with diabetes and at least 1 Hong Kong Hospital Authority attendance from 2013 to 2018. We used 258 predictors including demographics, admissions, diagnoses, medications, and routine laboratory tests in a one-year period to predict SH events requiring hospitalization in the following 12 months. The cohort was randomly split into training, testing, and internal validation sets in a 7:2:1 ratio. Six ML algorithms were evaluated including logistic-regression, random forest, gradient boost machine, deep neural network (DNN), XGBoost, and Rulefit. We tested our model in a temporal validation cohort in the Hong Kong Diabetes Register with predictors defined in 2018 and outcome events defined in 2019. Predictive performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) statistics, and positive predictive value (PPV). We identified 11,128 SH events requiring hospitalization during the observation periods. The XGBoost model yielded the best performance (AUROC = 0.978 [95% CI 0.972 to 0.984]; AUPRC = 0.670 [95% CI 0.652 to 0.688]; PPV = 0.721 [95% CI 0.703 to 0.739]). This was superior to an 11-variable conventional logistic-regression model comprised of age, sex, history of SH, hypertension, blood glucose, kidney function measurements, and use of oral glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) (AUROC = 0.906; AUPRC = 0.085; PPV = 0.468). Top impactful predictors included non-use of lipid-regulating drugs, in-patient admission, urgent emergency triage, insulin use, and history of SH. External validation in the HKDR cohort yielded AUROC of 0.856 [95% CI 0.838 to 0.873]. Main limitations of this study included limited transportability of the model and lack of geographically independent validation.

Conclusions

Our novel-ML model demonstrated good discrimination and high precision in predicting one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization. This may be integrated into EHR decision support systems for preemptive intervention in older adults at highest risk.
El nazismo en Canarias (1932-1945): organización, actuación y desintegración del nacionalsocialismo en el archipiélago atlántico
Authors: García Cabrera Marta
Published: April 2024

A medida que el régimen de Hitler penetraba en Alemania, el nacionalsocialismo se extendía también fuera de sus fronteras. El nazismo difundió sus ideales y organizaciones a casi todos los rincones del planeta, estableciéndose en lugares especialmente estratégicos como España. El archipiélago canario, convertido en un emplazamiento destacado en el Atlántico, recibió las huellas del nazismo desde muy temprano, a través de la actuación desplegada tanto por el Partido Nazi como por sus organizaciones económicas y socioculturales. El nacionalsocialismo penetró en la creciente colonia germana de Canarias y este fue especialmente activo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), cuando sus representantes y agentes movilizaron campañas políticas, propagandísticas y persuasorias, así como movimientos de inteligencia y actividades de vigilancia e intimidación. El principal objetivo de este artículo es analizar el establecimiento, la organización y la progresiva desintegración del nazismo en Canarias entre 1933 y 1945.
Thought experiments in the Jefferson-Turing controversy: A Kuhnian perspective
Authors: García Pío
Published: April 2024

In this article we propose an analysis of the controversy between Geoffrey Jefferson and Alan Turing in terms of a Kuhnian account of thought experiments. In this account, the main task is not to evaluate intuitions or (only) to rearrange concepts. Instead, we propose that the main task is to construct scenarios by proposing relevant experiences in which shared assumptions and conflicting lines of inquiry can be made explicit. From this perspective, we can understand the arguments and assumptions in the Jefferson-Turing thinking machine controversy.
The miracles argument meets quantum mechanics: Toward a locavore philosophy of physics
Authors: Ruetsche Laura
Published: April 2024

It's a mistake to afflict upon on our best theories a single, uniform interpretation meant to apply in all circumstance. It's a mistake because it impedes the capacity of those theories to function as science. To refrain from the mistake is to adopt the locavore hypothesis: the same theory can merit different interpretations in different circumstances. Using quantum mechanics as an example, I argue for the locavore hypothesis, and examine its consequences not only for the scientific realism debate but also for our notion of scientific understanding.
Az erdélyi menekült tanulók helyzete és sorsa Magyarországon társadalomtörténeti megközelítésben
Authors: Szabó Róbert Károly
Published: April 2024

Just as nowadays, it has always been an important task to settle and integrate refugees, at least temporarily. One of the most important challenges is the education of refugee students. Based on archival sources and the relevant international literature, I intend to accomplish two objectives in my study. On one hand, I am looking to answer the question how much Hungarian state education and civil society contributed to aiding the refugees from Transylvania after the Romanian attack in 1916. On the other hand, based on empirical research in social history, I would also like to highlight the consequences of the presence of refugee students and teachers in Hungarian schools, especially focusing on the changes in learning outcomes.
Gyermekkorú elleni szexuális erőszak és reprezentációi a századelő Budapestjén
Authors: Nagy Sándor
Published: April 2024

“Budapest police arrested József Berthóti, the foreman of the Budapest wire factory on Thursday. The 51 years old man lured an 11 years old girl to the laundry room of the house on 11 Mária Street, and assaulted her. The girl’s mother became aware of the situation, and called to police, who escorted Berthóti to the police headquarters, where he was arrested after interrogation.” – newspapers in Budapest published on 14th January 1910. Sexual assault against minors was of course heavily penalized by Hungarian law, however, this case also reveals the shortcomings of this legal protection. The penal code known as the Csemegi Code made it possible to avoid penalty, if the victim was willing to marry the perpetrator. This is what happened in this particular case, after the Ministry of Justice permitted the girl to marry. The study examines the background and representations of the case, as well as the press reactions in Budapest. Among these newspapers only the social democratic Népszava drew a parallel between societal and sexual exploitation initially, other publications later emphasized the comical nature of this marriage, but failed to identify a general social issue. Furthermore, the roles even got switched in certain reports: some journalists believed that it might have been Anna Wolf and her mother who “forced” József Berthóti into the marriage. One explanation of this indifference to child protection concerns could be that this turn of events did not fit the roles expected in melodrama. The wider social context of this case comes from the “dark side” of urban development.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Bioactivity Studies of the Schiff Base Ligand and its Zinc(II) Complex
Authors: Muhammad Salih Nabaz A.
Published: April 2024

One of the largest concerns to global health in recent decades has been identified as the growth of bacteria resistance to antibiotics. The Schiff base (SBs) and the zinc(II) SBs complex compounds category have attracted a lot of interest because of their function in chemical syntheses and their potential for bioactive and pharmacological effects. The present study includes the synthesis of various SBs with different substituents. Equimolar mixtures of benzaldehyde derivatives (1, 2) and aniline derivatives (3, 4) are used to carry out a series of condensation reactions to get compounds (5-7). By stoichiometrically combining Zn (II) acetate and ZnCl2 separately with the SBs ligand (7) in ethanol, it has been possible to prepare the SBs zinc(II) complex (8). The structure of the ligand and its metal complex are analyzed using (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Moreover, the synthesized compounds are verified in vitro against Escherichia coli Gram negative, Staphylococcus aureus Gram positive, and fungi (Candida albicans). Compounds (5, 7, and 8) indicated significant growth inhibition against E. coli Gram negative and fungi (C. albicans) with different inhibition zones starting from 7 to 17.5 mm.
Performance Comparison of Conventional and Biopolymer-modified Asphalt Mixtures for Airport Pavement
Authors: Yuniarti Ratna
Published: April 2024

Raising the temperature of airport pavement softens its surface, leading to rutting or thermal cracking. As aircraft manufacturers lean toward heavier planes with higher tire pressures, challenges arise. To tackle these problems, incorporating polymers like high-density polyethylene into asphalt binders has emerged as a solution. This study investigates biopolymer-modified asphalt, blending conventional asphalt with highdensity polyethylene and pine resin. This study aims to compare the performance of asphalt mixtures using both conventional and biopolymer-modified asphalt binders. Various tests‒physical, Fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive X-ray, dynamic shear rheometer, volumetric properties, Marshall stability, retained stability, indirect tensile strength and Cantabro loss-were conducted. The results highlighted that integrating pine resin and high-density polyethylene increased the performance grade (PG) of the conventional asphalt from PG 64 to PG 82. Asphalt mixtures using biopolymer-modified binders exhibited superior stability, stiffness and resistance to moisture damage compared to those with conventional asphalt. These properties aligned with the specifications outlined in Item P-401 of the Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular 150/5370-10H. Keywords: Pine resin, High-density polyethylene, Biopolymer-modified asphalt, Performance grade 64, Performance grade 82
Investigating the Effects of Adhesive on the Shear Capacity of Bolted Steel Connections
Authors: Yasin Bilal
Published: April 2024

Recently, there has been a particular emphasis on the use of structural adhesives in steel connection systems. Applying adhesives that possess both high strength and flexibility would be highly advantageous for structural purposes. In this study, experimental tests are conducted on two main different types of steel-plate connections; namely, bolted connections and bolted connections with glue. The number of bolts ranged from one to eight for each connection type, such that a total of seven specimens of each type are tested. Additionally, one specimen with only glue is also tested for comparison. The findings indicated that the inclusion of up to four bolts with glue along the connection does not significantly increase the ultimate stress. This can be attributed to the non-uniform distribution of normal stresses, induced by the tightening of the small number of bolts that are not arranged across the entire connection region, on the capacity of the connection in the perpendicular direction. Thus, the connection could have been adequately established the same capacity through the use of adhesive alone. In contrast, the capacity is increased up to 60% and 100% when six or eight bolts are added, respectively, compared to the use of the connection with glue only. A three-dimensional finite-element analysis is developed based on the tested connections using ABAQUS/Explicit software. The glued interface between two steel plates is modelled using cohesive and damage criteria. The results are demonstrated to be consistent with the experimental findings. Keywords: ABAQUS, Adhesive, Bolts, Finite-element analysis, Shear, Steel connections
Wind Pressure of Low-rise Buildings Based on Wind-tunnel Numerical-simulation Test
Authors: Huiqi Ding
Published: April 2024

Based on the numerical-simulation test data from the wind tunnel, the wind-pressure characteristics of low-rise buildings with gable roofs are examined and compared to standard values under different roof slopes, eave heights and terrains. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms of variation, a numerical-simulation study was conducted for selected conditions. The results indicate that when the roof slope is less than 3:12, the negative value of the shape coefficient for the windward roof of the building can reach up to -0.89, far exceeding the code value of -0.5. It is suggested that when the slope is not larger than 3:12, the shape coefficient for the windward roof should be -0.9 and the coefficient for the leeward roof should be determined through linear interpolation within the range from -0.4 to -0.75 based on the roof's slope size. With the increase of eave height and the decrease of ground roughness, the vortex intensity of the roof and the leeward surface increases and the area proportion of high negative pressure area in the vortex influence range increases. Thus, the negative value of the shape coefficient for the roof and the leeward surface becomes larger, which is higher than the code value. It is proposed that under an eave height of 12 m, the shape coefficient for the windward roof should be -0.95. Meanwhile, those of the leeward roof, leeward surface and sidewall 2 should be -0.6 under open terrain. Keywords: Low-rise buildings, Wind-tunnel test, Wind load, Shape coefficient, Numerical simulation
Strategies for Enhancing Traffic Safety among Adolescent and Adult Motorcycle Riders in Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasir Pengaraian, Lumba Pada
Published: April 2024

This research places emphasis on strategies for enhancing traffic safety among adolescent and adult motorcycle riders. 87.36% of accidents in Indonesia involved motorcycle riders and approximately 25% of these accidents involve underage riders. Therefore, a reasonable solution is needed to reduce the number of accidents in Indonesia. The criteria for respondents in this study were adolescent and adult motorcycle riders. The respondents were interviewed for approximately 10 minutes. The total sample amounted to 530 respondents. The research was conducted in Riau province, Indonesia. The research results indicate that adolescent riders are about 4 times more likely to experience accidents compared to adult riders. Model validation demonstrates an accuracy level of up to 89% for the obtained model. The findings of this research suggest strategies for enhancing the safety of both adolescent and adult motorcycle riders, including advising riders to drive their motorcycles in good stamina and performance, advising riders to rest when fatigued, advising riders not to ride between 12:00 AM and 06:00 AM, enforcing strict measures by law enforcement to apprehend riders without a valid driving license, exercising caution when crossing straight roads and roads with non-variable roadside variability. Another finding from this research is that the model in this research took 3 factor types into consideration that cause accidents including human factors, road and environmental factors and vehicle factor. Then, these factors are modeled simultaneously. Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Motorcycle, Riders, Safety, Strategies.