bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PROMOSI SEKOLAH MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL DI SD HJ ISRIATI BAITURRAHMAN 2 SEMARANG
Authors: Ma`ruf M. Anang , Bakhri Syaiful
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran mengenai promosi sekolah melalui media sosial di SD Hj. Isriati Baiturrahman 2 Semarang, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang: 1.) Strategi promosi sekolah melalui media sosial di SD Hj Isriati Baiturrahman 2 Semarang. 2.) Faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat promosi sekolah melalui media social di SD Hj Isriati Baiturrahman 2 Semarang. Strategi yang dilakukan di sekolah tersebut yaitu menggunkan strategi 4p product, price, place, promotion tentunya dengan menerapkan teori fungsi manajemen yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Adapun faktor pendukung terkait dengan manajemen pemasaran berbasis media sosial di SD Hj Isriati Baiturrahman 2 ialah kesadaran sekolah akan pentingnya media sosial sebagai media informasi, peran aktif kepala sekolah, sarana prasarana yang cukup dan juga anggaran untuk faktor penghambatnya ialah kurangnya keterlibatan warga sekolah, respon negatif, dan algoritma yang berubah ubah.
Implementasi Manajemen Tenaga Pendidik dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lembaga di SMK Al-Khoeriyah Cibeureum Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Khotimah Ade Nurul , Komalasari Imas , Resnasari Upi Luthfiah
Published: October 2024

Pendidik profesional berkontribusi menciptakan lembaga yang bermutu. Untuk menghasilkan pendidik profesional diperlukan manajemen yang efektif dan efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manajemen tenaga pendidik, mutu lembaga, dan hubungan manajemen tenaga pendidik dalam meningkatkan mutu lembaga di SMK Al-Khoeriyah Cibeureum Kota Tasikmalaya. Manajemen tenaga pendidik ditinjau berdasarkan perencanaan, pengadaan, pembinaan pengembangan, promosi mutasi, pemberhentian, kompensasi dan penghargaan. Sementara, mutu lembaga ditinjau berdasarkan aspek input, proses, output dan outcome. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu: 1) manajemen tenaga pendidik di SMK Al-Khoeriyah terdiri dari: a. Perencanaan, merumuskan jabatan untuk kemudian melakukan proses rekrutmen. b. Pengadaan, melalui proses seleksi dan penempatan sesuai kualifikasinya. c. Pembinaan pengembangan, dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan keprofesionalan pendidik. d. Promosi mutasi, memberikan pembaharuan dalam tugas dan jabatan. e. Pemberhentian atas permohonan sendiri dan lanjut usia. f. Kompensasi dan penghargaan diberikan sesuai dengan kinerja pendidik. 2) mutu lembaga yang terdiri dari: a. Input dengan merencanakan program pembelajaran, penerimaan peserta didik. b. Proses dengan pelaksanaan pembelajaran. c. Output, hasil dari proses. d. Outcome, lulusan yang bekerja atau melanjutkan pendidikan. 3) Dengan dilakukannya tahapan manajemen pada tenaga pendidik berdampak pada peningkatan mutu sekolah yang tampak pada outcome sekolah.
Pengaruh Implementasi Kurikulum Keterampilan terhadap Kompetensi Siswa di MA PK Al-Hikmah Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Handayani Multhia , Komalasari Imas , Resnasari Upi Luthfiah
Published: October 2024

Kurikulum merupakan jantungnya pendidikan yang perlu diterapkan di lembaga pendidikan seoptimal mungkin karena berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa. Hasil belajar yang optimal pada hakikatnya terkait dengan kurikulum yang digunakan, antara lain program keterampilan yang membekali siswa dengan keterampilan yang disesuaikan dengan minat dan kemampuannya, serta pembinaan kehidupan berupa keahlian atau skill bagi siswa ketika keluar dari lembaga pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kurikulum keterampilan, kompetensi siswa dan seberapa besar pengaruh implementasi kurikulum keterampilan terhadap kompetensi siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 20 orang guru MA PK Al-Hikmah Kota Tasikmalaya melalui angket. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kurikulum keterampilan di MA PK Al-Hikmah Kota Tasikmalaya sesuai dengan indikator pada Keputusan Menteri Agama (KMA) 184 berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan nilai rata-rata 3,512. Kompetensi siswa terdiri dari kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik berada pada kategori baik dengan nilai rata-rata 3,246. Pengaruh positif Implementasi Kurikulum Keterampilan terhadap Kompetensi Siswa dengan nilai regresi sebesar 0,700 dengan taraf signifikan 0,001. Implementasi Kurikulum Keterampilan berkontribusi sebesar 49% terhadap Kompetensi Siswa, sisanya sebesar 51% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Implikasinya terhadap lembaga pendidikan, implementasi kurikulum keterampilan akan mampu menciptakan kompetensi siswa yang baik.
Implementasi prinsip prinsip manajemen Sarana dan Prasarana di sekolah luar biasa ABC Yayasan insan sejahtera Tasikmalaya
Authors: Silvy nuril amini  , Halimah Ai Hilyatul , R.B Zahra , Rohman Ujang Abdul , Fadhilah Agim , Royani Ade , Padilah Dapa
Published: October 2024

Disadari atau tidak sarana dan prasarana (sarpras) sekolah sangat mendukung terselenggaranya pendidikan. Sarpras yang ada di sekolah perlu dimanaj supaya penggunaannya optimal dan benar-benar menunjang pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan prinsip-prinsip manajemen sarana dan prasarana (sarpras) pendidikan di SLB ABC Tasikmalaya. Prinsip-prinsip manajemen sarpras yang menjadi acuan adalah prinsip kesesuaian, efisiensi, administrasi, tanggung jawab, dan kekohesifan menurut Mulyasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan sarpras di SLB ABC belum sepenuhnya memenuhi prinsip-prinsip manajemen sarpras. Pertama, prinsip kesesuaian dengan kebutuhan belum terpenuhi karena jumlah sarpras masih belum mencukupi standar ideal. Kedua, prinsip efisiensi baru terpenuhi sebagian karena belum dilengkapi analisis kebutuhan sarpras secara terperinci. Ketiga, prinsip administrasi sudah diterapkan dengan adanya inventarisasi sarpras, namun kendala pada minimnya SDM khusus pengelola. Keempat, prinsip tanggung jawab sudah dibagi di antara elemen sekolah, tetapi belum ada deskripsi tugas tertulis untuk memastikan akuntabilitas. Terakhir, prinsip kekohesifan sudah diterapkan melalui kerja sama antar elemen sekolah, tetapi koordinasi dan evaluasi program belum terjadwal secara rutin. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perbaikan dalam aspek kesesuaian jumlah sarpras, perencanaan dan analisis kebutuhan, peningkatan kapasitas SDM pengelola, klarifikasi tanggung jawab tertulis, serta koordinasi dan evaluasi yang lebih terstruktur untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan sarpras di SLB ABC.
The Relationship among Time Perspectives and Various Job-Related Attitudes
Authors: Iftekhar Azhar Iftekhar , Saeed Muhammad Saeed
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of time perspective on job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and life satisfaction. A sample comprising 321 participants from the teaching community of schools and colleges of Pakistan was included in the study. The Short Version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (SZPTI-15) by Zhang and Bowerman (Zhang, Howell, & Bowerman, 2013) was used to measure the five-time perspectives: Past Negative TP, Past Positive TP, Present Hedonistic TP, Present Fatalistic TP, and the Future TP. Results of our study showed that job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and life satisfaction have a significant and positive relationship with past positive, present hedonistic, and future TPs, and a significant negative relationship with past negative and present fatalistic TPs. The results of our study add a unique and valuable contribution to understanding the impact of time perspectives on the life, emotions, and work-related attitudes of individuals. Further research with a larger sample and a more diversified population will be a valuable contribution for the understanding of individuals’ perspective about time and in the development of a balanced time perspective in Pakistan and other developing countries. Keywords: Time Perspective, Job Satisfaction, Career Satisfaction, Life Satisfaction, Pakistan
Impact of Dark Personality Traits on Individual’s Work Performance: Moderating Role of Organizational Culture
Authors: Abbas Muzaffar , Hayat (PhD) Qlander , Raza (PhD) Syed Hassan
Published: October 2024

Attraction towards the dark personality traits has been increased in the organizational sciences in recent years as indicated by a huge number of research studies regarding the dark personality. However, these negative characteristics of the personality remain relatively understudied and misunderstood yet. The objective of this research study is to analyze the impact of dark personality traits on an individual’s work performance and moderating role of organizational culture. A questionnaire was used for data collection from employees of the banking sector working in Rawalpindi & Islamabad. We distributed 250 questionnaires but 221 filled responses are received and 214 are utilized for analysis purposes. In this study frequency distribution, descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis are applied through SPSS. This Study finds organizational culture moderates the relationship of dark personality traits and an individual’s work performance.
Workplace Bullying and Emotional Exhaustion be Reasons of Employee Silence?
Authors: Khan Kamran , Nazir Tahira , Shafi Khuram
Published: October 2024

The present research examines the effects of workplace bullying (work-related bullying and physical intimidating bullying) on employees’ silence. It also investigates the mediating rol of emotional exhaustion among work-related bullying, physical intimidating bullying, and employee silence. Data were collected from employees working in the banking sector by adopting the purposive sampling technique. The study hypotheses were tested on the SMART PLS 3.2.2 version by using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings present that work-related bullying and physically intimidating bullying have a direct positive relation with employee silence. Further indirect relation among work-related bullying, physical intimidating bullying, and employee silence has significantly positively mediated by emotional exhaustion. Drawing upon the Conservation of resources theory (COR), the current research adds in the literature of employee silence and its antecedents. The current study provides solutions for organizations to overcome the antecedents of employee silence. Limitations and future recommendations are discussed.
Workaholism Towards Constructive Workplace Deviance Behavior: The Mediating Role of Psychological Ownership
Authors: Tabassum Aneela , Ali Qamar , Rehman Khaliq
Published: October 2024

This research aims to unpack the nexus between workaholism and constructive workplace deviance behavior in the presence of the mediating mechanism of psychological ownership.  Data was collected through self administrative survey from 136 frontline employees of the service-providing firms of metropolitan cities of Pakistan. The collected data was analyzed through empirical tests like ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, discriminant validity, convergent validity, bootstrap-based tests for overall model fit, measurement model, and structural model in smart PLS to test the hypothesis. The current study results show that psychological ownership mediates the effects of work enjoyment and work involvement on constructive organizational deviance. Furthermore, results also highlight that the frontline employees with a higher drive to work are less in psychological ownership, and therefore, are unlikely to engage in organizational deviance. This study further highlights the importance of psychological ownership in workaholic employees to foster their constructive deviant behavior in workplace settings. The current study adds value to the existing literature by investigating the mediating mechanism of psychological ownership.
Benevolent Leadership and Employee Performance: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Autonomy in SMEs
Authors: Faiza Baig Faiza Baig , Qamar Ali Qamar Ali , Muhammad Shahid Tufail Muhammad Shahid Tufail
Published: October 2024

This study intends to examine the impact of benevolent leadership on employees' task performance and contextual performance in Pakistan's Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In doing so, the study illustrates the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating role of autonomy in the relationship of BL and employees' task and contextual performance. Data were collected from a sample of 309 respondents from SMEs and analyzed with the help of partial least squares (PLS) and the PROCESS macro techniques. The structural equation model (SEM) results show that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between BL and task and contextual performance in SMEs. The findings of this study also reveal that the impact of BL on task and contextual performance is stronger when employees enjoy a higher level of autonomy. The paper discusses implications for research and practice in the fields of leadership and human resource management (HRM).
Attrition of Creativity and Psychological Well-Being by Exploitative Leader: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Zahur Hafsah , Swati Sidra , Aslam Butt Mobeen
Published: October 2024

This study analyses the frustration in employees due to Exploitative Leadership. The feeling of being undervalued generated in the minds of employees negatively effects the employees’ Psychological well-being and Creativity. Data was collected from employees working in banking sector. Data was collected from 290 respondents through the self-administered questionnaires at one point in time. The moderation and mediation hypotheses were examined through SPSS 25 and PROCESS Macros model 4. The results shows that exploitative leadership decreases the employee creativity and psychological well-being through emotional exhaustion. Moreover the interaction avoidance significantly moderates the negative impact of emotional exhaustion on creativity and psychological well-being. Managerial and practical implications in the banking sector has been discussed.
Impact of Job Stress on Job Performance with Moderating Role of Workplace Spirituality of Police Force Employees
Authors: Jamil Babar Muhammad , Athar Junaid , Saqib Hayat Muhammad
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study portrays the impact of various job stress factors (i.e work overload, role conflict, role ambiguity, career development and role responsibility) on employees’ job performance with moderating role of workplace spirituality. Data was collected through purposive and convenience sampling techniques of non-probability.  Police’s force of KPK, Province, Pakistan was used as a population for the current study. Questionnaire was distributed to the sample of N 385 out of total population of N 63,225 police employees. Out of 385 respondents, 295 employees responded. Data was analyzed through SPSS Version no.21 and AMOS 24. Reliability test was done through Cronbach’s alpha values regarding the various instruments of study. Moreover, SEM was used for the measurement and structural model. Structural model method was adopted to confirm the proposed hypotheses of research study.  To explore the moderating role of workplace spirituality between various job stressors (role overload, role conflict, role ambiguity, career development and role responsibility) and job performance, multi -groups analysis method was used. Results reveal that there is significance and negative association between job stressors of the study and job performance. Moderating relationship of workplace spirituality was observed between role overload, role conflict, role ambiguity, career development, role responsibility and job performance.  Research was limited to police’s employees of KPK, NWFP (province), Pakistan. The research study is expected to contribute in the growing empirical research on job stressors and the underexplored area of workplace spirituality amongst police official operating in stressful environment. The study suggests development and practice of a systematic program that helps to argument prevalent degree of workplace spirituality and overcome job stressors and increase job performance.
The Impact of Social Influence on the relationship between Behavioral Biases and Portfolio Diversification
Authors: Hassan Jamal Ahmed , Faisal Rizwan Muhammad
Published: October 2024

The study examines the impact of behavioral biases on portfolio diversification of the investors trading at Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). The study also explores the moderating role of social influence in the association between behavioral biases and portfolio diversification. Biases studied in this research are overconfidence and hot hand fallacy. Primary data is collected from investors of Pakistan Stock Exchange using a structured questionnaire. A representative sample of 430 investors trading at Pakistan Stock Exchange is used in this study. The findings of this research have shown that behavioral biases impact negatively the portfolio diversification. The finding of this research also highlights that social influence moderates the association between hot hand fallacy and portfolio diversification. However, findings showed that social influence do not moderate the association between overconfidence and portfolio diversification. This research will be helpful for investors as well as for the regulators. This research will enable the investors to recognize the effect of biases in their ability to diversify the investment portfolio. They will also consider the role that social influence play in the impact of these biases on portfolio diversification. On the other hand, this research also highlighted areas where regulators can educate investors. The study finds a strong support from Theory of Planned Behavior. Previously researches have studied the effect of biases on investment horizon, investment decisions or investment risk. This research is unique in a way that it examines the effect of biases on portfolio diversification.
The Media's Role in Fostering Knowledge of Financial Management: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Khan Ribbat , Muhammad Arslan
Published: October 2024

This study investigates how behavioural biases affect how individual investors make investing decisions. Drawing upon the discipline of behavioral finance, which integrates psychological insights into financial decision-making, we investigate the presence and effects of various biases on investment behavior. The study aims to contribute to understand the factors thoroughly that shape individuals' investment choices and their subsequent financial outcomes. Using a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and interviews, we explore the prevalence and magnitude of biases for instance loss aversion, overconfidence, and framing effects among individual investors. By analyzing real-world investment decisions, we assess the influence of these biases on portfolio composition, trading frequency, and performance outcomes. According to the preliminary findings, behavioral biases play a significant role in shaping investment decisions. Overconfident investors prefer to trade more often, leading to higher transaction costs and lower returns. Loss aversion biases lead to suboptimal portfolio allocation, as investors disproportionately allocate funds to low-risk assets. Additionally, framing effects impact decision-making by altering risk perceptions and preferences. The study underscores the importance of recognizing and mitigating behavioral biases in investment decision-making. By raising awareness and providing insights into the specific biases influencing individual investors, this research offers valuable implications for financial education, regulatory policies, and investment advisory services. Ultimately, understanding the role of behavioral biases can contribute to more informed and rational investment decision-making, leading to improved financial outcomes for individual investors.
Career Satisfaction: Role of Proactive Personality with mediating effect of Psychological Empowerment
Authors: Tariq Jaweria , Abrar Fatima , Zia-ur-Rehman Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Psychological empowerment plays a crucial role in enhancing career satisfaction in the telecom sector of Pakistan. A proactive personality, which involves taking initiative and achieving opportunities, contributes to career satisfaction. This study investigates the relationship between proactive personality and career satisfaction using a sample size of 350 participants. Results show partial mediation of psychological empowerment, suggesting that proactive employees who gain empowerment from their environment are satisfied with their careers. Further research is needed to understand the impact of psychological empowerment on various managerial positions and job sectors in Pakistan.
Entrepreneurial Experience and Its Impact on the Economic Sustainability of Resource Constrained Enterprises
Authors: Ahmed Khalid , Niazi Attaullah Khan , Babar Saad
Published: October 2024

This study examines the mechanisms that link entrepreneurial experience (EE) to sustainable enterprise economic performance and further examines the moderating role of resource constraints on the relationship of entrepreneurs’ industry and market experience on enterprise sustainable economic performance. Resource constraints problems are not linear and need exceptional consideration. The study examines how an entrepreneur’s industry and market experience assist his/her ambition of enterprise economic sustainability in a resource-constrained environment. The study is causal and cross-sectional. A primary research survey was directed by employing structured questionnaires among 348 respondents of micro small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25, and for regression results, Hayes process Macro. Findings suggested that entrepreneurs' experience plays a significant role in the sustainability of enterprise economic performance in the context of resource constraints of MSMEs. The study finds entrepreneurs' experience has a link with enterprise economic sustainability however; the resource constraints suppress business outcomes. This study contributes to the literature on entrepreneurs’ experience on organizations’ economic sustainability. Whereas, resource constraints dampen the business's economic performance. This research recommends the entrepreneur must grow the business in order to develop a network for sustainable enterprise economic performance otherwise the resource constraints will hamper the growth and sustainability of enterprise performance.
Exploring the Influence of Organizational Sustainability on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of HRM Sustainability
Authors: Qaiser Ayaz
Published: October 2024

The study explores the link between Human Resource Management (HRM) sustainability and employee performance within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Pakistan. It investigates the mediation effect of HRM sustainability on various organizational factors including human resources, social factors, psychological factors, and employer branding. Additionally, it examines the moderating role of organizational culture on the relationship between these organizational factors and HRM sustainability. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as social cognitive theory and prior literature on sustainability and HRM, this study posits and empirically tests thirteen hypotheses. The study was conducted using quantitative methodology and the data was collected from 458 faculty members across diverse regions of Pakistan using structured questionnaires, and analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS and measurement model and structural model were analyzed using AMOS software. The findings reveal significant positive relationships between human resource management and HRM sustainability, social factors and HRM sustainability, psychological factors and HRM sustainability, employer branding and HRM sustainability, and HRM sustainability and employee performance. Moreover, organizational culture was found to moderate these relationships. This study contributes to the existing literature by shedding light on the importance of HRM sustainability in promoting employee performance in the higher education sector. It provides valuable insights for HEIs in Pakistan to enhance their sustainable practices and organizational culture, ultimately fostering social responsibility and productivity. Despite some limitations, this research underscores the critical role of HRM sustainability in organizational effectiveness and sustainability, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan.
The Impact of Cultural Diversity on Workforce Efficiency in Private Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Alam Imran , Waheed Khawaja Zeeshan , Rehman Muhammad Saffi
Published: October 2024

This study explores the impact of cultural diversity on workforce efficiency within Pakistan's private banking sector. With globalization increasing diversity in age, gender, geographical location, and language, the research aims to understand how these dimensions influence labor efficiencies. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys of employees from various private banks with qualitative interviews to gather comprehensive insights. Findings indicate that cultural diversity enhances creativity, decision-making, and problem-solving due to a broader range of perspectives. However, challenges such as communication barriers, misunderstandings, and conflicts can hinder collaboration and productivity. The significance of the study lies in its practical recommendations for fostering an inclusive work environment that leverages the strengths of a diverse workforce. Effective management practices are highlighted as crucial for mitigating potential downsides, thereby boosting overall efficiency and competitiveness in the banking sector. This research contributes to the broader discourse on workplace diversity, offering valuable insights for both academic and industry stakeholders.
Ancient iron and slags in Greenland
Authors: Buchwald Vagn Fabritius
Published: October 2024

The bloomery iron production method, which was in general use in medieval time, is presented in some detail. It is discussed how slags are formed, and how production slags and purification slags may be distinguished. The slag-analytical method is introduced and is applied on a large number of iron objects from ancient Norse and Inuit sites. Particular emphasis is placed on scanning electron microscopy and microanalysis of the minute slag inclusions in the artefacts. It is shown that a major part of the iron objects on Norse sites was probably made from Norwegian iron ores, and arrived as finished products from Norway. The presence of a few purification slags in the Eastern and Western Settlements prove, however, that raw blooms were sometimes shipped from Norway and afterwards finished by smithing in Greenland.
The present study does not support the theory that primary iron production took place in the Norse settlements. A number of iron tools on Inuit sites are shown to be of Walloon origin, having arrived on whaling and expedition ships since the late 16th century. It is argued that many of the harpoon heads and knives were forged by the ships' blacksmiths according to the desires of the Inuit. Walloon iron was also present in Haabetz Colonie in 1721 AD.
Some puddled iron nails were identified in Washington Land. They are probably relics from some 19th century American expedition. Finally, the northernmost and largest iron meteorite tool ever found, a lancehead, was identified in Washington Land. Also, a meteoritic arrowhead was identified in the Western Settlement. The arrowhead was made from Cape York meteoritic iron and must have been traded to the Norsemen before 1350 AD.
Ancient harp seal hunters of Disko Bay. Subsistence and settlement at the Saqqaq Culture Site Qeqertasussuk (2400–1400 BC), West Greenland
Authors: Meldgaard Morten
Published: October 2024

The Saqqaq Culture site Qeqertasussuk (2400-1400 BC) is situated in the south eastern corner of Disko Bay, West Greenland. The site was excavated between 1983 and 1987 by Qasigiannguit Museum. The stratified cultural deposits are exceptionally well preserved by permafrost and yielded hundreds of thousands of animal bones, feathers, plant remains, insect remains, wooden implements, and a wealth of other organic refuse as well as stone tools, house ruins, stone set fireplaces and other traces of habitation.
In order to understand the life conditions of the inhabitants at Qeqertasussuk, a comparative survey of the historic distribution, density and availability of the living resources in the area is undertaken. This resource model is then evaluated against the paleo-environmental data. Also, comparative ethnohistorical and ethnographic data on the exploitation of the living resources in the area is presented.
Subsistence and subsistence change at Qeqertasussuk is studied through a comprehensive analysis of the faunal material that consists of more than 200,000 animal bones. Quantitative methods are supplemented by detailed studies of seasonality and age composition of the hunting bag. Forty three species of animals are represented. Harp seal and ringed seal represent the most important game, but sea birds such as fulmar, Brünnich’s guillemot, and little auk also play a significant role in the subsistence economy.
Fish, especially Atlantic Cod, have been caught and remains of large whales indicate that these animals were utilized, but it can not be decided whether they were actively hunted. Most of the game was taken close by the site, however finds of caribou indicate that inland caribou hunting was undertaken and that Qeqertasussuk was part of a larger subsistence-settlement-system. Several species of plants were also utilized.
Temporal changes in the composition of the faunal material indicate that significant changes occur in the subsistence at Qeqertasusuk. Four phases are identified: (1) Basecamp period I (2400-2100 BC). A pioneer phase where the site is used as a year-round base camp with more than 90% of the biomass being harvested within an area of approximately 80 km2, (2) Base-camp period II (2100-1900 BC), which seems to be the period of most intensive use and where new methods (probably netting) of harp seal hunting are introduced, (3) Hunting camp period (1900-1700 BC), where the site becomes more specialized and more seasonal with a focus on spring-summer hunting for harp seals, (4) high activity period (1700-1400 BC) indications of continued heavy sea mammal hunting.
The site is abandoned around 1400 BC. The causes of the abandonment of Qeqertasussuk is discussed and the impact of the general cooling around 1500 BC on key resources such as harp seal and capelin is highlighted.
Denmark – Greenland in the twentieth Century
Authors: Sørensen Axel Kjær
Published: October 2024

What is told on the following pages is a history of the Danish-Greenlandic relationship over one hundred years. It covers the history of Danish Greenland policy, and the history of political and economic development in Greenland. With only a very basic knowledge
of Greenlandic I had to base my account on sources written in Danish. This is less of a problem than might be supposed because the language of administration has been Danish, including even the minutes from the local political assemblies. Over the years much
Greenlandic writing has also been translated including some novels, and anything written to the authorities in Greenlandic has been translated. Nevertheless, the account is necessarily that of an outsider unable to fully analyse the linguistic expressions of the Greenlanders.
Written in a Danish context it covers Danish Greenland policy and its background in and impact on Greenland society. This Danish perspective is predominant at the beginning, but as the Greenlanders took over more and more of the administration it is almost lacking in the latter part, dealing mostly with developments in Greenland.
Traditional Inuit songs from the Thule area. Volume 1
Authors: Hauser Michael
Published: October 2024

This publication deals with the traditional song of the Inuit, primarily Inughuit from the Thule area, but also from Baffin Island and the Copper Inuit and Uummannaq and Upernavik areas, based on sound recordings from 1909, 1912, 1915, 1937, 1962 and 1984.
In 1937 Professor Erik Holtved (1899-1981) recorded 134 traditional songs: no drum-songs and 24 other songs. Transcriptions and scientific processing of this collection is the nucleus of this work. The songs are presented/notated in their full length - with drum accompaniment and the texts/ singing syllables used - but also with analyses of a representative stanza from each song. The vast majority of Holtved's informants sang long songs in a dominating form type, where certain motifs had to be used in specific positions in the course of the stanza.
The present author recorded approximately 350 songs in 1962 in collaboration with the eskimologist Bent Jensen and approximately 240 in 1984 in collaboration with the artist Pauline Motzfeldt Lumholt, also in the Thule area. Both collections were recorded for the Danish Folklore Archives. The 1962 collection has been transcribed and analysed in the same way as the 1937 collection, and other form types were found. One of the "new" form types was particularly easy to recognise, as the first motif in each stanza was repeated at a lower level. The informants of this form type were to a large extent descendants of people who had emigrated from Baffin Island in the 1860s. A frequent occurrence of the same characteristic was found in a collection of 45 songs from southern Baffin Island, indicating that the nucleus of the immigrant group of the 1860s had its roots in southern Baffin Island. This is confirmed by language studies and by genealogy.
The most complicated and dominating form type found in the music of the Inughuit was also found in sound recordings made in 1914-16 with the Qitiqmiut, Copper Inuit. Both partial and close similarities indicated that the type was introduced by families coming from the Copper Inuit area(s). This is confirmed by archaeological finds and language studies.
Old collections from the Uummannaq and Upernavik areas were also transcribed and analysed. These songs have only basic motifs in common with those of the Thule area. The song tradition, the performance of the songs as they were sung in 1962 and 1984, and the predominant soloist performance are described, as well as the song texts, the drum with its construction and use, movement patterns during the drum-dance and the difficult interplay between singing and drumming.
A CD with a selection of the songs is enclosed with the publication.
Cultural encounters at Cape Farewell
Authors: Jensen Einar Lund , Raahauge Kristine , Gulløv Hans Christian
Published: October 2024

This volume offers a comprehensive account of the cultural history of the Cape Farewell area in the 19th century. The dominating factor in this history was the immigration of people to the area from Southeast Greenland. There are no written sources originating from these immigrants, as they could neither read nor write, so the descriptions presented of the immigration are primarily based on material from the Danish colonial authorities and the German Moravian mission. Although onesided and reflecting a European view and conception of the world, the sources contain valuable information which, when pieced together, give a clear picture of the East Greenlandic immigration to the Cape Farewell area at the time, and of the society which arose in the wake of this immigration, not least of the impending struggle for the souls of the unbaptised East Greenlanders and also for their contribution to colonial trade in the 19th century.
The volume includes accounts of the immigrants themselves which have been passed down from generation to generation – accounts or tales of life in Southeast Greenland and individual dramatic events which took place in the years up to 1900, when the last people left the southernmost part of the east coast. These have been told, retold and used in various historical contexts, and still make up an important part of the local historical tradition, just as they contribute to giving the population of the southernmost part of Greenland their own identity in the face of rapid changes brought about by colonisation.
The present book, drawing on informative archival materials and presenting a rich volume of illustrations, gives for the first time a collected synthesis of the history of the population in the Cape Farewell area in the 19th century.
The archaeology of Old Nuulliit: Eigil Knuth’s investigations in the Thule region, North Greenland, 1952–1990
Authors: Sørensen Mikkel
Published: October 2024

Count Eigil Knuth succeeded in finding a Palaeo-Eskimo settlement named ‘Old Nuulliit’ on the well-known Nuulliit site in the Thule area. This site was interpreted as having been settled by the first immigrants to Greenland – a hitherto unknown culture group, ‘the Old Nuulliit Culture’, which was closely related to Palaeo-Eskimo culture groups in Alaska. Knuth never published his findings in detail, and they became a mystery in Arctic archaeology circles. New investigations by the author of the material show that the site was settled repeatedly by the first immigrants between 2500 BC and 1900 BC, and in addition that a total of ten family groups of the Pre-Dorset culture had settled there – the first real settlement of the Pre-Dorset culture in Greenland to be described. The finds underscore the cultural and historical diversity of the Thule area.
Hypothalamic representation of the imminence of predator threat detected by the vomeronasal organ in mice
Authors: Nguyen Quynh Anh Thi , Rocha Andrea , Chhor Ricky , Yamashita Yuna , Stadler Christian , Pontrello Crystal , Yang Hongdian , Haga-Yamanaka Sachiko
Published: October 2024

Animals have the innate ability to select optimal defensive behaviors with appropriate intensity within specific contexts. The vomeronasal organ (VNO) serves as a primary sensory channel for detecting predator cues by relaying signals to the medial hypothalamic nuclei, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), which directly controls defensive behavioral outputs. Here, we demonstrate that cat saliva contains predator cues that signal the imminence of predator threat and modulate the intensity of freezing behavior through the VNO in mice. Cat saliva activates VNO neurons expressing the V2R-A4 subfamily of sensory receptors, and the number of VNO neurons activated in response to saliva correlates with both the freshness of saliva and the intensity of freezing behavior. Moreover, the number of VMH neurons activated by fresh, but not old, saliva positively correlates with the intensity of freezing behavior. Detailed analyses of the spatial distribution of activated neurons, as well as their overlap within the same individual mice, revealed that fresh and old saliva predominantly activate distinct neuronal populations within the VMH. Collectively, this study suggests that there is an accessory olfactory circuit in mice that is specifically tuned to time-sensitive components of cat saliva, which optimizes their defensive behavior to maximize their chance of survival according to the imminence of threat.
Coenzyme-Protein Interactions since Early Life
Authors: Sanchez-Rocha Alma Carolina , Makarov Mikhail , Pravda Lukáš , Novotný Marian , Hlouchová Klára
Published: October 2024

Recent findings in protein evolution and peptide prebiotic plausibility have been setting the stage for reconsidering the role of peptides in the early stages of life’s origin. Ancient protein families have been found to share common themes and proteins reduced in composition to prebiotically plausible amino acids have been reported capable of structure formation and key functions, such as binding to RNA. While this may suggest peptide relevance in early life, their functional repertoire when composed of a limited number of early residues (missing some of the most sophisticated functional groups of today’s alphabet) has been debated.Cofactors enrich the functional scope of about half of extant enzymes but whether they could also bind to peptides lacking the evolutionary late amino acids remains speculative. The aim of this study was to resolve the early peptide propensity to bind organic cofactors by analysis of protein-coenzyme interactions across the Protein Data Bank (PDB). We find that the prebiotically plausible amino acids are more abundant in the binding sites of the most ancient coenzymes and that such interactions rely more frequently on the involvement of the protein backbone atoms and metal ion cofactors. Moreover, we have identified a few select examples in today’s enzymes where coenzyme binding is supported solely by prebiotically available amino acids. These results imply the plausibility of a coenzyme-peptide functional collaboration preceding the establishment of the Central Dogma and full protein alphabet evolution.
TMEM16 and OSCA/TMEM63 proteins share a conserved potential to permeate ions and phospholipids
Authors: Lowry Augustus J , Liang Pengfei , Song Mo , Wan YC Serena , Pei Zhen-Ming , Yang Huanghe , Zhang Yang
Published: October 2024

The calcium-activated TMEM16 proteins and the mechanosensitive/osmolarity-activated OSCA/TMEM63 proteins belong to the Transmembrane Channel/Scramblase (TCS) superfamily. Within the superfamily, OSCA/TMEM63 proteins, as well as TMEM16A and TMEM16B, are thought to function solely as ion channels. However, most TMEM16 members, including TMEM16F, maintain an additional function as scramblases, rapidly exchanging phospholipids between leaflets of the membrane. Although recent studies have advanced our understanding of TCS structure-function relationships, the molecular determinants of TCS ion and lipid permeation remain unclear. Here we show that single mutations along the transmembrane helix (TM) 4/6 interface allow non-scrambling TCS members to permeate phospholipids. In particular, this study highlights the key role of TM 4 in controlling TCS ion and lipid permeation and offers novel insights into the evolution of the TCS superfamily, suggesting that, like TMEM16s, the OSCA/TMEM63 family maintains a conserved potential to permeate ions and phospholipids.
Identify devices and events from non-IP heterogeneous IoT network traffic
Authors: Chen Yi , Lai Junxu , Lin Zhu , Zhang Meijing , Liu Wenxi
Published: October 2024

In recent years, notable advancements have been achieved in the realm of identifying IP-based Internet of Things (IoT) devices and events. Nevertheless, the majority of methods rely on extracting fingerprints or features from plain text IP-based packets, which limits their ability to accommodate heterogeneous IoT devices such as ZigBee and Z-Wave, and fails to address the challenge of limited traffic samples. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel approach based on IoT communication characteristics and featuring module extensibility. This method is presented to effectively identify IoT devices and events from non-IP heterogeneous IoT network traffic. To shield the differences caused by the heterogeneous IoT protocol, a heterogeneous sample extraction platform with an extensible structure is created to extract raw sequence samples from ZigBee and Z-Wave traffic, with potential for expansion to other protocols. To address the challenges arising from the scarcity of samples, a sample identification framework based on IoT communication characteristics is devised to create synthetic samples from the raw sequence samples, enabling concurrent processing of the raw and synthetic samples using an identification model featuring two separate sequence networks. Comparative assessments of our method against baseline sequence models and the latest techniques demonstrate the advantages of our approach in identifying non-IP heterogeneous IoT traffic. The experimental results indicate that our method achieves an average accuracy improvement of 29.7% compared to baseline models using only raw samples. Furthermore, our method shows improvements of 22.1%, 21.5%, and 21.8% in macro precision, macro recall, and macro F1-score, respectively, over the latest method.
Casas entre Medianeros, la obra manifiesto de las Comunidades Castillo Velasco
Authors:   , Müller Videla Guillermo
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo se estudia las Casas entre medianeros, una obra desarrollada entre 1976 y 1978 como reinicio de la carrera de Fernando Castillo Velasco a su regreso del exilio desde el extranjero. Se parte de la hipótesis de que las Casas entre medianeros operaron como precursoras de las posteriores Comunidades de Castillo Velasco. Por lo tanto, esta investigación reconstruye la historia de la obra y su influencia en las reconocidas comunidades, destacando su papel como experimento arquitectónico y punto de inflexión dentro de la obra de Castillo Velasco. Así, se pretende demostrar que las Casas entre medianeros funcionaron como una obra manifiesto, en el que se ensayaron en una escala reducida las principales operaciones y estrategias que posteriormente caracterizarían las comunidades de mayor tamaño de Castillo Velasco. En primer lugar, se reconstruyó planimétricamente el caso de estudio —a partir de un trabajo de archivo— debido a que fue demolido en 2002. Se analizaron las operaciones que hicieron de las Casas entre Medianeros un proyecto precursor, centrándose en el proceso constructivo por agregación, la concepción de la unidad familiar, y el uso del ladrillo como sistema constructivo, destacando también la obra gruesa habitable, la grilla modular flexible, la arquitectura de patios, y la participación de los usuarios en el diseño. Finalmente, se trazaron las continuidades y discontinuidades con las posteriores comunidades, de manera de situar a las casas entre medianeros en un panorama general de la obra de Castillo Velasco y así comprender su efectivo rol como obra manifiesto. De este modo, la tesis actualiza la comprensión de las comunidades diseñadas por Fernando Castillo Velasco desde un punto de vista operativo y proyectual para, en último término, repensar modos de proyectar la arquitectura de la vivienda colectiva y su relación con la ciudad contemporánea.