bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THỰC TRẠNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN THỰC HÀNH SỬ DỤNG PHƯƠNG TIỆN PHÒNG HỘ CÁ NHÂN VÀ VỆ SINH TAY TRONG KHÁM CHỮA BỆNH NGƯỜI BỆNH NGHI NGỜ COVID - 19
Authors: Ngọc Sao Nguyễn , Viết Long Đỗ , Phúc Phóng Nguyễn , Thị Thu Hiền Nguyễn
Published: October 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá thực trạng sử dụng phương tiện phòng hộ cá nhân (PPE), vệ sinh tay (VST) của nhân viên trong khám chữa bệnh người bệnh nghi ngờ Covid-19, đồng thời tìm hiểu một số yếu tố liên quan đến việc tuân thủ sử dụng phương tiện phòng hộ cá nhân và vệ sinh tay trong khám chữa bệnh người bệnh nghi ngờ mắc Covid-19. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu được tiến hành theo phương pháp mô tả, quan sát với thiết kế cắt ngang trên 95 nhân viên làm việc tại khu vực cách ly người bệnh nghi ngờ nhiễm hoạc đang nhiễm Covid-19. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tỷ lệ tuân thủ đầy đủ các bước mang PPE là 80%, tuân thủ tháo PPE là 94,8%. Tỷ lệ nhân viên tuân thủ đúng và đủ 7 bước VST là 90,5%, tỷ lệ tuân thủ VST trước và sau khi tháo găng tay cũng đều đạt tỷ lệ 98.9% ở cả 2 cơ hội VST. Tỷ lệ tuân thủ chung (tuân thủ mang và tháo PPE và VST đúng – đủ) tốt ở nhóm nhân viên có trình độ học vấn là đại học và trên đại học (86,1%), nhóm thâm niên làm việc trên 5 năm (80,8%), nhóm tuổi trên 35 tuổi (88,0%). Các yếu tố liên quan đến sự tuân thủ chung là trình độ học vấn (OR = 8,06, 95%CI 2,79 – 22,29, p<0,001), thâm niên làm việc (OR = 2,92, 95%CI 1,04 – 8,18, p=0,042), nhóm tuổi (OR = 4,45, 95%CI 1,57 – 12,65, p=0,005).
ĐÁNH GIÁ MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA TỔN THƯƠNG THẬN CẤP VỚI MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH PHÚ THỌ
Authors: Thị Thu Hà Bùi , Thái Dũng Phạm
Published: October 2022

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá mối liên quan giữa tổn thương thận cấp với một số yếu tố nguy cơ ở người bệnh điều trị tại khoa hồi sức tích cực. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu trên 273 bệnh nhân điều trị tại Khoa Hồi sức tích cực - Chống độc Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Phú Thọ từ tháng 10/2021 đến tháng 6/2022. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tuổi trung bình của bệnh nhân có tổn thương thận cấp cao hơn bệnh nhân không có tổn thương thận cấp (58,61 ± 17,88 so với 52,28 ± 18,37, p<0,05). Yếu tố nguy cơ làm xuất hiện tổn thương thận cấp là: Tuổi cao ≥ 65 tuổi ;  SOFA nhập viện > 15, Tiêu cơ vân, Huyết áp trung bình nhập viện < 65 mmHg, CVP thấp < 8 cm H2O với OR(CI 95%) lần lượt là 18,28 (3,09 –52,77), 8,49 (0,98 – 97,61), 2,10 (1,12-3,91), 8,23 (3,56 – 39,01), 5,49 (1,98 – 24,19), p<0,05. Kết luận:  Các yếu tố nguy cơ có khả năng làm tăng  nguy cơ mắc TTTC và tăng tỷ lệ tử vong ở người bệnh điều trị tại khoa HSTC gồm: Tuổi ≥ 65 tuổi, điểm SOFA Nhập viện > 15 điểm, có tiêu cơ vân, sốc, HATB < 65 mmHg, CVP nhập viện thấp dưới 8cm H2O, lượng HST < 90g/L. Các yếu tố nguy cơ này có  giá trị trong việc tiên lượng tử vong ở bệnh nhân điều trị tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực.
TỔNG QUAN HỆ THỐNG HIỆU QUẢ MỘT SỐ PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ NANG RĂNG SỪNG HÓA
Authors: Tiến Đạt Bùi , Ngọc Tuyến Lê , Thị Hải Vân Hoàng , Huy Hoàng Phan , Thị Thanh Tâm Đỗ
Published: October 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả phẫu thuật nang răng sừng hóa bằng phương pháp cắt nang mài xương và cắt nang nạo hóa học theo phương pháp tổng quan hệ thống. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Tổng quan hệ thống và phân tích gộp dữ liệu tỉ lệ tái phát sau phẫu thuật của phương pháp cắt nang mài xương và cắt nang nạo hóa học từ các bài báo, luận văn, luận án trên trang cơ sở dữ liệu Pubmed, EBSCOhost Research Databases, ScienceDirect, thư viện trường Đại Học Y Hà Nội dạng tiếng Anh, tiếng Việt. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu được lấy từ 3 cơ sở dữ liệu chính (Pubmed, Science direct, Cochrane..) thu được tổng cộng 331 nghiên cứu (Pubmed: 191, Science direct: 129,  Cochrane: 9, văn bản khác: 2), Sau khi loại bỏ các nghiên cứu trùng lặp (13 nghiên cứu), chúng tôi đã sàng lọc được 321 nghiên cứu.  Tiến hành đánh giá tiêu đề, tóm tắt nhằm loại bỏ 276 nghiên cứu không phù hợp. 45 nghiên cứu được xem xét toàn văn dựa trên các tiêu chí đưa vào. Tổng cộng 25 nghiên cứu không phù hợp bị loại bỏ bao gồm 9 nghiên cứu tổng quan, 4 nghiên cứu gồm các ca NBCCS không tách biệt, 6 nghiên cứu không đủ thời gian theo dõi, 3 nghiên cứu số ca nhỏ hơn 10, một nghiên cứu không rõ tỷ lệ tái phát và 2 nghiên cứu không sử dụng phương pháp được chọn. 20 nghiên cứu đủ tiêu chuẩn được đưa vào để phân tích gộp với 591 tổn thương nang răng sừng hoá (PO: 122, CS: 511). Kết quả phân tích gộp cho thấy tỉ lệ tái phát sau điều trị của phương pháp cắt nang mài xương trong phân tích gộp của 8 nghiên cứu là 20% (KTC 95%: 10-31), của phương pháp cắt nang nạo hoá học bằng dung dịch Carnoy sau điều trị nang răng sừng hoá là 6% (KTC 95%: 1,0-12,0). Kết luận: Từ kết quả phân tích gộp cho thấy tỉ lệ gộp tái phát của phương pháp nạo hóa học bằng dung dịch Carnoy cho tỉ lệ tái phát thấp hơn, là phương pháp nên được sử dụng để tăng hiệu quả điều trị cho người bệnh.
TÌNH TRẠNG THIẾU VITAMIN D Ở TRẺ ĐẺ NON TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG
Authors: Thị Quỳnh Nga Nguyễn , Thị Huyền Ninh Phan
Published: October 2022

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và xác định một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng thiếu vitamin D ở trẻ đẻ non. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, bao gồm 132 trẻ sơ sinh đẻ non dưới 32 tuần được xét nghiệm nồng độ 25-(OH)D huyết thanh lúc 3 đến 4 tuần tuổi tại Trung tâm sơ sinh – Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương từ tháng 7/2021 đến tháng 7/2022. Tất cả trẻ trong đối tượng nghiên cứu được chia thành 2 nhóm: nhóm đủ vitamin D (nồng độ 25-(OH)D ≥50nmol/l) và nhóm không đủ vitamin D (nồng độ 25-(OH)D <50nmol/l). Kết quả: Tỉ lệ không đủ vitamin D là 54.5%. Có sự khác biệt giữa nồng độ Calci toàn phần, Phospho và Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) trong máu giữa 2 nhóm nghiên cứu. Tuổi thai không liên quan đến tình trạng không đủ vitamin D. Nồng độ 25-(OH)D thấp hơn đáng kể ở các nhóm có mẹ mắc bệnh lý, nhiễm nấm, loạn sản phế quản phổi, vấn đề tại đường tiêu hóa và suy giáp. Kết luận: Tỉ lệ không đủ vitamin D ở trẻ đẻ non còn tương đối cao. Bệnh lý của mẹ trong thời kỳ mang thai, nhiễm nấm, loạn sản phế quản phổi, vấn đề tại đường tiêu hóa và suy giáp làm tăng nguy cơ thiếu vitamin D ở trẻ đẻ non.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ MÔ BỆNH HỌC CỦA BỆNH VIÊM CƠ VÔ CĂN
Authors: Đặng Anh Thư Phan , Trí Sĩ Lê , Hoàng Phương Khanh Phan , Quốc Đạt Ngô , Ngọc Khánh Linh Nguyễn
Published: October 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh viêm cơ vô căn (Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies – IIMs), còn được gọi là viêm cơ, là một nhóm bệnh không đồng nhất do các rối loạn tự miễn cấp đến mạn tính có triệu chứng ở cơ và ngoài cơ với nhiều biểu hiện lâm sàng, đáp ứng điều trị và tiên lượng khác nhau. Mục tiêu: Mô tả một số đặc điểm lâm sàng và mô bệnh học có giá trị chẩn đoán và phân loại IIMs. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phương pháp nghiên cứu hồi cứu, mô tả báo cáo hàng loạt ca trên 46 trường hợp sinh thiết cơ được chẩn đoán bệnh viêm cơ tại Bộ Môn Giải Phẫu Bệnh - Đại Học Y Dược Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh trong khoảng thời gian 01/01/2019 –31/06/2022. Kết quả: Tuổi chẩn đoán trung bình là 45,53 ± 17,3 tuổi; tỷ lệ nữ : nam là 2,29:1. 73,9% trường hợp yếu cơ, ưu thế vùng gốc chi. Nồng độ CK trong máu trung bình là 4472,96 ± 4189,42 U/L. 2,8% không có bất thường trên điện cơ và 97,2% có bất thường trên điện cơ. MSA chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là anti-SRP (18,8%) tiếp theo là anti-HMGCR (12,5%) và MAA có tần suất cao nhất là anti-Ro (18,8%). 34 ca (73,9%) có thâm nhiễm các tế bào viêm vào mô cơ. Không có ca bệnh nào hiện diện không bào viền (rimmed vacuole). Hình ảnh hoại tử sợi cơ 28/46 ca (60,9%), thực bào sợi cơ (myophagocytosis) 15/46 ca (32,6%) và 5/46 ca bệnh (10,9%) có hình ảnh teo quanh bó (perifasicular atrophic fiber). Kết luận: Chẩn đoán IIMs và phân nhóm cần dựa trên sự kết hợp các triệu chứng lâm sàng, men cơ, huyết thanh học, điện cơ, hình ảnh học và mô bệnh học.
TỔNG QUAN VỀ TÌNH HÌNH KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ VI KHUẨN THƯỜNG GÂY BỆNH TRÊN LÂM SÀNG TẠI VIỆT NAM TỪ 2017- 2022
Authors: Thị Soa Đặng , Thị Thủy Vũ , Thị Oanh Trần , Thị Dung Hồ , Thị Thùy Dương Hoàng , Thị Hồng Hạnh Nguyễn , Thị Ánh Hắc , Thị Hảo Đinh
Published: October 2022

Tình trạng kháng kháng sinh đã làm cho việc lựa chọn kháng sinh theo kinh nghiệm càng khó khăn hơn, tỷ lệ thất bại càng cao. Theo nghiên cứu của Đinh Thị Thúy Hà trong điều trị nhiễm khuẩn gram âm đa kháng tại bệnh viện Đa khoa Đồng Nai thì tỉ lệ phác đồ kháng sinh ban đầu không phù hợp là 35,8% và  phần lớn bệnh nhân được thay đổi phác đồ điều trị ngay sau khi có kết quả kháng sinh đồ (64,9%) do tình trạng không cải thiện hoặc bệnh có diễn biến xấu hơn[1]. Nghiên cứu thực hiện với mục tiêu: Tổng quan về tình hình kháng kháng sinh của một số vi khuẩn gây bệnh thường gặp tại Việt Nam từ 2017 – 2022. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Tổng quan dữ liệu từ các bài báo trên tạp chí Y, Dược, báo cáo hội nghị khoa học, khóa luận, luận văn, luận án, bài báo tạp chí quốc tế có báo cáo tình hình kháng kháng sinh tại Việt Nam. Kết quả: Streptococcus Pneumoniae có tỷ lệ kháng cao, giá trị MIC vượt quá MIC kháng thuốc với penicillin G/V, amoxicillin, Macrolid, Sulfamid, Phenicol; Haemophilus influenzae một số kháng sinh còn có độ nhay cao như FQ, C3, Carbapenem; Klebsiella Pneumoniae ở Nghệ An và Thái Binh có tỷ lệ sinh ESBL lần lượt là 14%, 15,8%; E.coli có tỷ lệ kháng cao với nhóm Pencicilin (ampincilin, amoxicillin) nhóm Tetracyclin, các Cephalosporin (C3 và C4), kháng mức độ vừa phải với FQ, còn có độ nhay cao với Capabenem, Aminosid. Pseudomonas aeruginosa đang còn có tỷ lệ nhạy cao với Colistin và piperacillin/tazobactam. Kết luận:  Qua nghiên cứu có thể thấy vi khuẩn gây bệnh thường gặp có tỷ lệ kháng cao trên lâm sàng, cần có những dữ liệu xác định giá trị MIC của kháng sinh đối với từng loại vi khuẩn nhằm điều chỉnh liều theo PK/PD để nâng cao hiệu quả điều trị trên lâm sàng.
TỔNG QUAN HỆ THỐNG VỀ CAN THIỆP NÂNG XOANG CỬA SỔ BÊN CÓ GHÉP XƯƠNG TRONG CẤY GHÉP IMPLANT NHA KHOA
Authors: Huy Hoàng Phan , Phú Thắng Nguyễn , Văn Việt Đàm , Tiến Đạt Bùi
Published: October 2022

Mục tiêu: Tổng hợp và đánh giá về hiệu quả của vật liệu ghép xương trong phẫu thuật nâng xoang cửa sổ bên ghép xương có cấy ghép implant nha khoa. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tổng quan hệ thống được thực hiện trên 3 trang báo điện tử Pubmed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect giới hạn từ năm 2000-2020. Các bài báo được lựa chọn nếu đáp ứng các tiêu chuẩn (1) Tỉ lệ thất bại implant giữa các loại vật liệu ghép, (2) sử dụng từ 2 loại vật liệu xương ghép trở lên, (3) Phẫu thuật nâng xoang cửa sổ bên.  Đánh giá chất lượng nghiên cứu bằng công cụ Newcastle-Ottawa.  Kết quả: Trong tổng số 5558 nghiên cứu được chọn, có 6 nghiên cứu đáp ứng được đầy đủ các tiêu chí. Phân tích gộp tỉ lệ thành công implant của vật liệu xương đông khô với các vật liệu khác cho kết quả OR= 1,12; 95% CI=0,61-2,04 (chứa giá trị 1) điều đó cho thấy không có sự khác biệt về tỉ lệ thành công giữa vật liệu xương khử khoáng với các loại vật liệu xương ghép khác. Kết luận: Vật liệu xương đông khô khử khoáng đã được chứng minh có hiệu quả tương đương với vật liệu ghép xương khác trong phẫu thuật nâng xoang ghép xương, giúp bệnh nhân giảm thiểu chi phí và hạn chế phẫu thuật lấy xương tự thân. Để xác định được thời điểm cấy ghép implant sau ghép xương cũng như tải lực, cần có them nhiều nghiên cứu nữa để thiết lập được quy trình phẫu thuật hoàn chỉnh cho vật liệu xương đông khô.
Väder, välstånd och välbefinnande: Vattenrelaterade risker, samhällsviktig verksamhet, och social sårbarhet i Halmstad, Sverige
Authors:   Stockholm Environment Institute, Englund Mathilda , André Karin , Barquet Karina , Segnestam Lisa
Published: October 2022

Extraordinära händelser och deras kaskadeffekter kan förstärka underliggande sårbarheter men också skapa nya tillfälliga eller långsiktiga sårbarheter. Forskarna rekommenderar att kommuner börjar analysera vilka grupper i samhället som kan bli sårbara vid en extraordinär händelse och dess potentiella kaskadeffekter. Kommuner kan utforma sin krisberedskap genom att identifiera vilka grupper som är i behov av statligt stöd vid en extraordinär händelse.
KAMPUS MENGAJAR: UPAYA TRANSFORMASI MUTU PENDIDIKAN SEKOLAH DASAR DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Bali Engelbertus Nggalu , Bunga Beatriks , Kale Sartika
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana program kampus mengajar dapat mentransformasi kemampuan literasi, numerasi dan adaptasi teknologi peserta didik di SD.  Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan kepada 10 orang mahasiswa yang yang tersebar di 10 SD. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari data collection, data,reduction , data display, dan conclutions. Hasil penelitian menggambrakan kontribusi mahasiswa kampus mengajar dalam mengakselerasi kemampuan numerasi dan literasi melalui kegiatan belajar mengajar di dalam kelas dengan menggunakan metode dan media yang menyenangkan, melakukan private bahasa inggris secara online, medampingi peserta didik dalam kegiatan membaca dan berhitung. Sedangkan terkait dengan adaptasi teknologi peserta didik diperkenalkan dan didampingi penggunakan computer/laptop, penggunaan google form, google meet, Zoom. Selain itu mahasiswa kampus mengajar membantu guru dalam menyiapkan administrasi pembelajaran.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE DRILL DALAM PENGAJARAN PERBAIKAN ANAK DISKALKULIA
Authors: Hazima Atika
Published: October 2022

Abstrak: Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan metode drill (latihan) dalam pengajaran perbaikan pada anak diskalkulia. Penelitian ini menggunakan library research untuk pengumpulan datanya. Gangguan berhitung atau diskalkulia dalam penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa dari kelas bawah hingga kelas atas masih ditemukannya siswa yang mengalami gangguan berhitung. Dengan begitu perlu adanya solusi dalam peningkatan belajar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam kemampuan berhitung. Dari hasil study literatur menunjukkan hasil metode drill dalam proses pembelajaran perubahan pada nilai siswa, selain itu metode drill juga berhasil meningkatkan keaktifan siswa di kelas. Pengajaran perbaikan dalam usaha membantu siswa yang mengalami gangguan berhitung untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka. Sehingga dalam implementasi pengajaran perbaikan dengan metode drill akan meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam berhitung dan akan mengurangi anak kesulitan berhitung (diskalkulia).

 

 

Abstract:  This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the drill method (exercise) in teaching improvement in dyscalculia children. This research uses library research for data collection. Counting disorders or dyscalculia in previous studies showed that from the lower grades to the upper grades, students with numeracy disorders were still found. Thus, there is a need for solutions in improving learning to improve students' ability to count. From the results of the literature study, the results of the drill method in the learning process changed students' grades, besides that the drill method also succeeded in increasing student activity in the classroom. Corrective teaching in an effort to help students with numeracy disorders to improve their abilities. So that the implementation of improved teaching with the drill method will improve students' ability to count and will reduce children's difficulty in counting (dyscalculia).
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PAPAN FLANEL PECAHAN MATEMATIKA KELAS 2 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Saily Selly Alfa , Khoirul Umam Nanang , Wahyuning Subayani Nataria
Published: October 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Papan Flanel Pecahan agar peserta didik kelas II sekolah dasar mampu membedakan antara pembilang dan penyebut serta untuk mengetahui kevalidan media, respon peserta didik, dan hasil belajar dengan Papan Flanel Pecahan untuk siswa kelas II sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MI Mambaus Sholihin Suci Kecamatan Manyar Kabupaten Gresik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media Papan Flanel Pecahan untuk siswa kelas II sekolah dasar memenuhi indikator kevalidan, yaitu : a) hasil validasi dari 2 validator ahli media mendapatkan nilai rata-rata presentase sebesar 93,75% yang masuk dalam kategori sangat valid, b) hasil validasi dari 2 validator ahli materi memperoleh presentase sebesar 92,5%, yang masuk dalam kriteria sangat valid, d) hasil belajar memperoleh presentase 89,47% e) hasil angket respon peserta didik memperoleh presentase 86,84% kriteria sangat baik.

 

 

Abstract: This study aims to develop a fractional flannel board learning media for second grade elementary school studens are able to distiuish between the numenator and denominator and to determine the validity of the media, student responses, and learning outcomes with fractional flannel board media for second elementary school students. This research was carried out in MI Mambaus Sholihin Suci, Manyar District, Gresik Regency This type of research is research and development.This results of the research that have been carried out show thar the development of Fractional Flannel Board media for second grade elementary school students meets the validity indicators, namely : a) the validation results of two media expert validators get an average percentage value of 93,75% which is included in the very valid category, b) the validation results from two material expert validators obtained a percentage of 92,5%, which was included in the very valid criteria, c) the learning outcomes of nineteen students a percentage get 89,47% very good criteria, and d) the results of nineteen student responses get a percentage of 86,84% get very good criteria.
Global warming will largely increase CH4 emissions from waste treatment: insight from the first city scale CH4 concentration observation network in Hangzhou city, China
Authors: Hu Cheng , Zhang Junqing , Qi Bing , Du Rongguang , Xu Xiaofei , Xiong Haoyu , Liu Huili , Ai Xinyue , Peng Yiyi , Xiao Wei
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric CH4 is the second largest anthropogenic contributor to global warming, however its emissions, components, spatiotemporal variations, and projected changes present large uncertainties from city to national scales. CH4 emissions from waste treatment account for >50 % of total anthropogenic CH4 emissions at the city scale, and considering the high sensitivity of CH4 emission factors (EFs) to temperature for biological process-based sources, such as waste treatment, large bias will occur when estimating future CH4 emissions under different global warming scenarios. Furthermore, the relationships between temperature and waste treatment CH4 emissions have only been determinized in a few site-specific studies, and these findings lack representativeness for the whole city scale, which contains various biophysical conditions and shows heterogeneous distribution. These factors increase the difficulty of evaluating city-scale CH4 emissions (especially from waste treatments), and the projected changes remain unexplored. Here, we conduct the first tower-based CH4 observation network with three sites in Hangzhou city, which is located in the developed Yangtze River Delta (YRD) area and ranks as one of the largest megacities in China. We found that the a priori total annual anthropogenic CH4 emissions and waste treatment emissions were overestimated by 36.0 % and 47.1 % in Hangzhou city, respectively. However, the total emissions in the larger region of Zhejiang Province or the YRD area was only slightly underestimated by 7.0 %. Emissions from waste treatment showed obvious seasonal patterns according to the air temperature. By using the constructed linear relationship between monthly waste treatment CH4 emissions and air temperature, we found that the waste treatment EFs increased by 38 %~50 % as the temperature increased by 10 °C. Together with the projected temperature changes from four climate change scenarios, the global warming-induced EFs in Hangzhou city will increase at rates of 2.2 %, 1.2 %, 0.7 % and 0.5 % per decade for RCP8.5, RCP6.0, RCP4.5 and RCP2.6 scenarios, respectively, and by 17.6 %, 9.6 %, 5.6 %, and 4.0 % at the end of this century, respectively. Additionally, the relative changes derived for the whole of China also showed high heterogeneity and indicated large uncertainty in projecting future national total CH4 emissions. Hence, we strongly suggest the temperature-dependent EFs and positive feedback between global warming and CH4 emissions should be considered in future CH4 emission projections and climate change models.
Evaluation of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions in E3SM using a Lagrangian Framework
Authors: Christensen Matthew W. , Ma Po-Lun , Wu Peng , Varble Adam C. , Mülmenstädt Johannes , Fast Jerome
Published: October 2022

Abstract. A Lagrangian framework is used to evaluate aerosol-cloud interactions in the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 1 (E3SMv1) for measurements taken at Graciosa Island in the Azores where a U.S. Department of Energy Atmosphere Radiation Measurement (ARM) site is located. This framework uses direct measurements of CCN (instead of relying on satellite retrievals of aerosol optical depth) and incorporates a suite of ground-based ARM measurements, satellite retrievals, and meteorological reanalysis products that when applied to over a 1,500 trajectories provides key insights into the evolution of low-level clouds and aerosol radiative forcing that is not feasible from a traditional Eulerian analysis framework. Significantly lower concentrations (40 %) of surface cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) are measured when precipitation rates in 48-hour back trajectories average above 1.2 mm/d in the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievalsfor GPM (IMERG) product. The depletion of CCN when precipitation rates are elevated is nearly twice as large in the ARM observations compared to E3SMv1 simulations. The model CCN bias remains significant despite modifying the autoconversion and accretion rates in warm clouds. As the clouds in trajectories associated with larger surface-based CCN advect away from Graciosa Island they maintain higher values of droplet number concentrations (Nd) over multiple days in observations and E3SM simulations compared to trajectories that start with lower CCN concentrations. The response remains robust even after controlling for meteorological factors such as lower troposphere stability, the degree of cloud coupling with the surface, and island wake effects. E3SMv1 simulates a multi-day aerosol effect on clouds and a Twomey radiative effect that is within 30 % of the ARM and satellite observations. However, the mean cloud droplet concentration is more than 2–3 times larger than in the observations. While Twomey radiative effects are similar amongst autoconversion and accretion sensitivity experiments the liquid water path and cloud fraction adjustments are positive when using a regression model as opposed to negative when using the present-day minus pre-industrial day aerosol emissions approach. This result suggests that tuning the autoconversion and accretion alone are unlikely to produce the desired aerosol susceptibilities in E3SMv1.
A borehole trajectory inversion scheme to adjust the measurement geometry for 3D travel time tomography on glaciers
Authors: Hellmann Sebastian , Grab Melchior , Patzer Cedric , Bauder Andreas , Maurer Hansruedi
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Cross-borehole seismic tomography is a powerful tool to investigate the subsurface with a very high spatial resolution. In a set of boreholes, comprehensive three-dimensional investigations at different depths can be obtained to analyse velocity anisotropy effects due to local changes within the medium. Especially in glaciological applications, the drilling of boreholes with hot water is cost-efficient and provides rapid access to the internal structure of the ice. In turn, movements of the subsurface such as the continuous flow of ice masses cause deformations of the boreholes and exacerbate a precise determination of the source and receiver positions along the borehole trajectories. Here, we present a three-dimensional inversion scheme that considers the deviations of the boreholes as additional model parameters next to the common velocity inversion parameters. Instead of introducing individual parameters for each source and receiver position, we describe the borehole trajectory with two orthogonal polynomials and only invert for the polynomial coefficients. This significantly reduces the number of additional model parameters and leads to much more stable inversion results. In addition, we also discuss whether the inversion of the borehole parameters can be separated from the velocity inversion, which would enhance the flexibility of our inversion scheme. In that case, updates of the borehole trajectories are only performed if this further reduces the overall error in the data sets. We apply this sequential inversion scheme on a synthetic data set and a field data set from a temperate Alpine glacier. With the sequential inversion, the number of artefacts in the velocity model decreases compared to a velocity inversion without borehole adjustments and heterogeneities in the velocity model can be imaged similar to an inversion with correct borehole coordinates. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages and limitations of our approach in the context of an inherent seismic anisotropy of the medium and extend our algorithm to consider an elliptic velocity anisotropy. With this extended version of the algorithm, we analyse the interference between a seismic anisotropy in the medium and the borehole coordinate adjustment. Our analysis indicates that the borehole inversion interferes with seismic velocity anisotropy. The inversion can compensate such a velocity anisotropy. Therefore, for such a borehole trajectory inversion, polynomials of degree three are a good compromise between a good representation of the true borehole trajectories and avoiding compensation for velocity anisotropy.
Evaluation of snow processes over the Western United States in E3SM land model
Authors: Hao Dalei , Bisht Gautam , Rittger Karl , Stillinger Timbo , Bair Edward , Gu Yu , Leung L. Ruby
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Seasonal snow has crucial impacts on climate, ecosystems and humans, but it is vulnerable to global warming. The land component (ELM) of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM), mechanistically simulates snow processes from accumulation, canopy interception, compaction, snow aging to melt. Although high-quality field measurements, remote sensing snow products and data assimilation products with high spatio-temporal resolution are available, there has been no systematic evaluation of the snow properties and phenology in ELM. This study comprehensively evaluates ELM snow simulations over the western United States at 0.125° resolution during 2001–2019 using the Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) in situ networks, MODIS remote sensing products (i.e., MCD43 surface albedo product, the spatially and temporally complete (STC) Snow-Covered Area and Grain Size (MODSCAG) and MODIS Dust and Radiative Forcing in Snow (MODDRFS) products (STC-MODSCAG/STC-MODDRFS), and the Snow Property Inversion from Remote Sensing (SPIReS) product) and two data assimilation products of snow water equivalent and snow depth (i.e., University of Arizona (UA) and SNOw Data Assimilation System (SNODAS)). Overall the ELM simulations are consistent with the benchmarking datasets and reproduce the spatio-temporal patterns, interannual variability and elevation gradients for different snow properties including snow cover fraction (fsno), surface albedo (𝛼sur) over snow cover regions, snow water equivalent (SWE) and snow depth (Dsno). However, there are large biases of fsno with dense forest cover and 𝛼sur in the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada in winter, compared to the MODIS products. There are large discrepancies of snow albedo, snow grain size and light-absorbing particles induced snow albedo reduction between ELM and the MODIS products, attributed to uncertainties in the aerosol forcing data, snow aging processes in ELM, and remote sensing retrievals. Against UA and SNODAS, ELM has a mean bias of -20.7 mm (-35.9 %) and -20.4 mm (-35.5 %), respectively for spring, and -13.8 mm (-27.8 %) and -10.2 mm (-22.2 %), respectively for winter. ELM shows a relatively high correlation with SNOTEL SWE, with mean correlation coefficients of 0.69, but negative mean biases of -122.7 mm, respectively. Compared to the snow phenology of STC-MODSCAG and SPIReS, ELM shows delayed snow accumulation onset date by 17.3 and 12.4 days, earlier snow end date by 35.5 and 26.8 days, and shorter snow duration by 52.9 and 39.5 days. This study underscores the need for diagnosing model biases and improving ELM representations of snow properties and snow phenology in mountainous areas for more credible simulation and future projection of mountain snowpack.
Technical note: Displacement variance of a solute particle in heterogeneous confined aquifers with random aquifer thickness fields
Authors: Chang Ching-Min , Ni Chuen-Fa , Lin Chi-Ping , Lee I-Hsien
Published: October 2022

Abstract. In this work, the problem of regional-scale transport of inert solutes in heterogeneous confined aquifers of variable thickness is analyzed in a stochastic framework. A general stochastic methodology for deriving the variance of the displacement of a solute particle is given based on the two-dimensional depth-averaged solute mass conservation equation and the Fokker-Planck equation. The variability in solute displacement is attributed to the variability in hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness. Explicit results for the solute displacement variance in the mean flow direction are obtained assuming that the fluctuations in log hydraulic conductivity and log thickness of the confined aquifer are second-order stationary processes. The results show that variation in hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness can lead to nonstationarity in the covariance of flow velocity, making longitudinal macrodispersion anomalous and increasing linearly with travel time at large distances.
Investigating the performance of Genetic Particle Filter in snow data assimilation across snow climates
Authors: You Yuanhong , Huang Chunlin , Hou Jinliang , Zhang Ying
Published: October 2022

Abstract. With the aim of reducing the uncertainty of simulations, data assimilation methodology is increasingly being applied in operational purposes. This study aims to investigate the performance of genetic particle filter which used as snow data assimilation scheme, designed to assimilate ground-based snow depth measurements across different snow climates. We employed the default parameterization scheme combination within Noah-MP model as model operator in the snow data assimilation system. And the feasibility of genetic particle filter used as snow data assimilation scheme was investigated at different sites, at the same time, the impact of measurement frequency, particle number on the filter updating of the snowpack state were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that the genetic particle filter can be used as snow data assimilation scheme and obtain satisfactory assimilation results across different snow climates. We found the particle number is not the crucial factor to impact the filter performance and one hundred particles can sufficient to represent the high dimensionality of the point-scale system. The frequency of measurements can significantly affect the performance of filter updating and a dense ground-based snow observational data always can dominate the accuracy of assimilation results. Finally, we concluded that the genetic particle filter is a suitable candidate approach to snow data assimilation and appropriate for different snow climates.
Hydrological response to climate change and human activities in the Three-River Source Region
Authors: Su Ting , Miao Chiyuan , Duan Qingyun , Gou Jiaojiao , Guo Xiaoying , Zhao Xi
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The Three-River Source Region (TRSR), which is known as “China’s Water Tower” and affects the water resources security of 700 million people living downstream, has experienced significant hydrological changes in the past few decades. In this work, we used an extended variable inﬁltration capacity (VIC) land surface hydrologic model (VIC-Glacier) coupled with the degree-day factor algorithm to simulate the runoff change in the TRSR during 1984–2018. VIC-Glacier performed well in the TRSR, with Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) above 0.68, but it was sensitive to the quality of the limited ground-based precipitation. This was especially marked in the source region of the Yangtze River: when we used Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artiﬁcial Neural Networks – Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR), which has better spatial details, instead of ground-based precipitation, the NSE of Tuotuohe Station increased from 0.31 to 0.86. Using the well-established VIC-Glacier model, we studied the contribution of each runoff component (rainfall, snowmelt, and glacier runoff) to the total runoff and the causes of changes in runoff. The results indicate that rainfall runoff contributed over 80 % of the total runoff, while snowmelt runoff and glacier runoff both contributed less than 10 % in 1984–2018. Climate change was the main reason for the increase in runoff in the TRSR after 2004, accounting for 75 %–89 %, except in the catchment monitored by Xialaxiu Station. Among climate change factors, precipitation had the greatest impact on runoff. Finally, through a series of hypothetical climate change scenario experiments, we found that a future simultaneous increase in precipitation and temperature would increase the total runoff, rainfall runoff, and glacier runoff. The snowmelt runoff might remain unchanged, because the increased precipitation, even with seasonal fluctuations, was basically completely compensated for by the decreased solid-to-liquid precipitation ratio. These findings improve our understanding of hydrological processes and provide insights for policy makers on how to optimally allocate water resources and manage the TRSR in response to global climate change.
DEEP LEARNING APPROACH APPLIED TO DRONE IMAGERY FOR REAL ESTATE TAX ASSESSMENT: CASE OF THE TAX ON UNBUILT LAND KENITRA-MOROCCO
Authors: Mohtich F. E. , El-Ayachi M. , Bensiali S. , Idri A. , Ait Hou I.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. According to the Court of Audit, urban taxation is the main source of revenue for local authorities in almost all regions of the world. In Morocco, in particular, the tax on unbuilt urban land accounts for 35% of the revenue from taxes managed directly by the municipality. The property tax assessment system currently adopted is not regularly updated and is not properly monitored. These difficulties do not allow for a significant expansion of the land base. The current efforts aim at accelerating the census of the urban heritage using innovative and automated approaches which are intended to lead to the next generation of urban information services and the development of smart cities. In this context we propose a methodology that consists of acquisition of high-resolution UAV images. Then the training of a deep learning algorithm of semantic segmentation of the images in order to extract the characteristics defining the unbuilt land. U-Net, the deep architecture of the convolutional neural network that we have parameterized in order to adapt it to the nature of the phenomenon treated and the volume of data we have as well as the performance of the machine, offers a segmentation accuracy that reaches 98.4%.Deep learning algorithms are seen as more promising for overcoming the difficulties of extracting semantic features from complex scenes and large differences in the appearance of unbuilt urban land. The results of prediction will be used for defining urban areas where updates are made from the perspective of tracking urban taxes.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN BHUBANESWAR, INDIA
Authors:   Pritipadmaja, Garg R. D.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Fast population growth is a significant contributor to worldwide land scarcity and has a long-term impact on the environment and climate. Rapid urbanisation along with industrialisation contributed to land transformation across the globe. Understanding, monitoring, and mitigating the environmental impacts of urbanisation are critical for sustainable development. Also, Rapid urbanisation has contributed significantly to regional and global temperature. Land surface temperature (LST) has long been regarded as a critical physical metric for analysing regional and global climate change and its effects on many ecosystems. Remote sensing is an effective method for monitoring and quantifying urbanisation and assessing its impact on regional heating. This paper examines the combined impact of land use and land cover (LULC) change and climatic variability in Bhubaneswar city using remote sensing, geographic information system and google earth engine. Images from the Landsat were utilised to prepare the LULC, LST and NDVI layer for 2001, 2010 and 2020. The random forest method of supervised classification was employed to estimate the LULC. According to this study, the impact of urbanisation shows that the built-up areas in Bhubaneswar City have increased by over 70% at the cost of agricultural land and vegetation cover. The finding also indicates the urban area has been expanded around 12 percent where LST has increased by 4°C in the last two decades. As a result, continuous monitoring of LULC dynamics is required to guide sustainable land-use decisions that promote environmental protection and economic development in this region. A multi-temporal environmental analysis of the region is critical for future environmental planning, such as the restoration of damaged areas, to be more effective and efficient. This study, thus, would be helpful for the administrators, urban planners, and policymakers for proper planning and sustainable development of Bhubaneswar City.
iHVI: AN OPEN-SOURCE TOOLKIT FOR CONSTRUCTING INTEGRATED HEAT VULNERABILITY INDEX IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Sun Q. (C.) , Das S. , Wang K. , Tao Y. , Amati M. , Hurley J. , Choy S. , Duckham M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. To tackle the increasing issue of heat risk in Australia and pressure of population growth, this project aimed to establish a first nationwide dynamic and interactive heat vulnerability assessment toolkit. The toolkit integrated multiple data sources, cloud computing, and Web GIS technologies to deliver cool intelligence for more heat resilient Australian cities and suburbs. A cloud-based open-source tool, iGEE, was first developed to derive land surface temperature (LST), NDBI (normalized difference built-up index) and NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) from multiple satellite imagery on Google Earth Engine (GEE), a no-code web application allowing users to retrieve satellite data for a large area at fine scales. Following that, a python-based desktop app was then developed to calculate an integrated Heat Vulnerability Index (iHVI) for any cities and area at a fine scale of Statistical Area 1 (SA1). The iHVI toolkit allows users to construct heat sensitivity, heat adaptive capability indicators, and composite heat vulnerability index, which enables modelling of the relationships between heat, environmental and socioeconomic factors.
ESTIMATING SPATIO-TEMPORAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT USING AI
Authors: Waseem M. A. , Basheer M. A. , Uppal M. , Tahir M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Estimating the spatio-temporal profile of a building’s construction using high-resolution satellite images is a critical problem since it can be utilized for a variety of data-driven urban initiatives. One strategy to achieve this is to extract building footprints and track them in multi-temporal data as observed in SpaceNet’s Challenges. Although several unique solutions have been presented for this problem, this task can become extremely difficult for partially obscured buildings with densely overlapping boundaries, such as those found in underdeveloped countries like Pakistan. Consequently, in this paper we propose a framework to address this problem by merging built-up area segmentation with digital maps. In the first step, satellite image is passed to a deep learning model that predicts segmentation masks over the built-up area following which building construction profiles are generated by overlaying digital maps over these predicted masks. We compare the results with ground truth profiles and our results show that the proposed method extracts building counts and construction profiles with an accuracy of 95%.
Effects of Selected Metal Chlorides on the Micellization Parameters of Cetrimonium Bromide at Different Temperatures
Authors: Sumbal Saeed Sumbal Saeed , Arif Hussain Arif Hussain , M Faizan Nazar M Faizan Nazar , Hameed Ullah Hameed Ullah , Afzal Shah Afzal Shah , Syed Sakhawat Shah and Asad Muhammad Khan Syed Sakhawat Shah and Asad Muhammad Khan
Published: October 2022

The pre-modification of surfactant counterions using transition metal salts provides a means to activate the interface using corresponding properties of metal ions. In this work, a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was modified by pre-mixing metal chlorides (FeCl3, CuCl2 and ZnCl2) and CTAB in 1:1 molar ratio using methanol as solvent. As a result, FeCl3, CuCl2 and ZnCl2 were added as [FeCl3Br]-1, [CuCl2Br]-1 and [ZnCl2Br]-1 respectively acting as counter anions (CAs) instead of bromide anion. Hence CTAB was called CTAF, CTAC and CTAZ in order of added CAs i.e., [FeCl3Br]-1, [CuCl2Br]-1 and [ZnCl2Br]-1 respectively. The effect of these metal chlorides on the micellar behaviour of CTAB was investigated using conductivities of their different solutions. Furthermore, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) as well as the degree of counterion binding were considered at 25.0, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 and 45.0 and#176;C 0.1 and#176;C. The analysis of results revealed that incorporation of metal cations reduces the CMC values in the order CTAF CTAZ CTAC CTAB. Change in entropy (S), enthalpy (H) and free energy (G) were calculated to understand the thermodynamics of micellization under the circumstances. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding regarding the presence of transition metals in micellization process as well as the possibility of their interactions with Bromide counterions and possibility of the formation of complex counter-anions.
The British Union of Fascists: Newspapers and Secret Files, 1933‐1951
Authors: Ridgway Allison
Published: October 2022

The British Union of Fascists: Newspapers and Secret Files, 1933‐1951 is a collection of primary source resources relating to the British Union of Fascists (BUF), an infamous fascist and anti-Semitic political party formed by Sir Oswald Mosley in 1932. The collection includes
full runs of four BUF official publications (Action, The Blackshirt, The East London Pioneer, and Fascist Week), hundreds of scanned government and MI5 documents relating to the surveillance and eventual internment of Mosley and his wife, and personal writings by the Mosleys
and other prominent BUF members. Scanned from the original documents housed in the National Archives and digitized into high-quality images, these documents offer important insights into the rise of fascism in Britain during and after World War II for scholars of political history and propaganda.
Created by the British Online Archives (a primary source database owned by Microform Academic Publishers), the collection is well organized and easily navigable, with full-text search capabilities.
Brain metastasis of thyroid adenoid cyst carcinoma: Unusual case report
Authors:   Neurosurgery Department, Hôspital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco., Hemama Mustapha , Bankole Nourou Dine A ,   Neurosurgery Department, Hôspital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: October 2022

Background: Cerebral metastasis from Adenoid cyst Carcinoma (ACC) remains extremely rare. Case description: 62-year-old female, with a history of thyroidectomy for goiter surgery associated with left cervical lymphadenopathy five years ago. She presented a decrease in visual acuity at 6/10 in the right eye. Brain MRI revealed an intra-conical right orbital lesion process associated with a right frontal cerebral lesion process, three other osteolytic lesions of the cranial vault, lung metastases, and hepatic metastasis. Thyroid ACC with Antibody Anti CD117+ after stereotaxic biopsy of brain lesion was retained by the pathologist. She underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy management. At 6 months follow-up, the cerebral and liver localisations didn’t progress, unfortunately, the lung mass was progressed from 4 cm to 6 cm. Conclusion: Multiple brain metastasis from ACC of the thyroid is extremely rare. Diagnosis and Management could present some challenges for surgeons and oncologists Keywords: Adenoid cyst carcinoma; Thyroid; Brain metastasis; CD117; Stereotaxic biopsy.
Kernohan’s notch phenomenon: A paradoxical neurological finding
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Ilyas Adeel , Szapiel Mariel ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Orlando Health Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Institute, Orlando, FL, USA., Foreman Paul M ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Orlando Health Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.
Published: October 2022

False localization signs or paradoxical neurological findings are a manifestation of indirect dysfunction at a neurological structure remote from the location of expected anatomical pathology. We present a case of an acute subdural hematoma that caused unexpected ipsilateral hemiparesis secondary to injury of the contralateral cerebral peduncle as a result of brain shift from this mass lesion. This phenomenon is termed Kernohan’s notch. We delve further into the pathophysiology of these and pathognomonic imaging features identified in our case report.
Dengue fever with atypical presentation in a tertiary care center in North India: Case series
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Vaishali, Ghaziabad, India., Puri Saurabh , Kumar Grover Ashok ,   Senior Consultant, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Vaishali, Ghaziabad, India.
Published: October 2022

Dengue fever is a dreaded arboviral infection of utmost global importance having 4 serotypes: DENV1, 2, 3, and 4. Dengue fever and severe dengue are the two clinical spectrums commonly classified. However, unusual or atypical manifestations are often overlooked causing significant fatality. This series of 6 case of dengue fever fill the lacunae of knowledge gaps. Case presentation: All the 6 cases presented to Max Super Specialty Hospital, Vaishali from august to October of 2021. The mean age does 40.83 years (range 23-69 years) comprise 5 male and 1 female. The group had life threatening complications like ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, encephalitis, cardiomyopathy, acute myocardial infraction, acute kidney injury, acute liver failure, which were atypical manifestations in dengue patients. Conclusions: Dengue is one the biggest challenge to public health all over world, especially developing countries like India. Dengue fever presenting with atypical manifestations cause delay in diagnosis, leading to fatal outcome. Clinicians should be well aware of these atypical manifestations of such a common arboviral disease as these are often underreported and overlooked.
Gastric involvement of multiple myeloma: A case report
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran., Azodi Farzan , Dashtizadeh Mitra ,   The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Published: October 2022

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells involving mainly bone and bone marrow. However, extra-skeletal spread in the form of plasmacytomas is also very common, which usually manifests as localized extramedullary collection of malignant Plasma cells. This paper is a report on gastric involvement of plasma cell infiltration, also known as gastric plasmacytoma.