bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verificação de critérios de desempenho em projetos de arquitetura com a modelagem BIM
Authors: Silva Junior Mauro Augusto , Mitidieri Filho Claudio Vicente
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma forma de incorporar a verificação de critérios de desempenho em projetos de arquitetura de edificações habitacionais utilizando a Modelagem de Informação da Construção (Building Information Modeling – BIM), como uma alternativa ao método de projeto bidimensional, tradicionalmente utilizado. Foi adotado o método baseado na pesquisa construtiva (constructive research) para o desenvolvimento do trabalho no Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Habitação do Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, IPT. Requisitos e critérios de desempenho constantes da ABNT NBR 15575:2013 Edificações Habitacionais – Desempenho, foram aplicados ao modelo BIM, no desenvolvimento de projetos de arquitetura, de forma que o projetista possa fazer uma verificação ao longo do desenvolvimento do projeto. O resultado foi promissor, considerando a possibilidade de identificar e detalhar aproximadamente um terço dos critérios constantes da ABNT NBR 15575:2013, usando somente a ferramenta da modelagem. Foram identificadas vantagens em utilizar recursos de softwares de modelagem, como etiquetas e tabelas para aplicações de regras e requisitos, que podem ser facilmente constatadas pelo modelo. Desta forma, nota-se que esse novo processo poderá resultar melhores projetos de arquitetura, com informações sobre desempenho mais completas e confiáveis. Se as ferramentas de simulação forem adotadas e associadas a projetos de arquitetura, poderão ser feitas verificações de outros requisitos e critérios, como por exemplo, simulação do desempenho térmico.
O desempenho em foco
Authors: Neves Letícia de Oliveira , Ruschel Regina Coeli
Published: December 2018

O quarto número do Volume 9 de 2018 da PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção congrega artigos submetidos em fluxo contínuo, abrangendo a temática do desempenho das edificações no ambiente construído. Os artigos originais e de comunicação foram desenvolvidos por pesquisadores dos estados brasileiros de – Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e São Paulo - e também do exterior - Suécia. As instituições de ensino e pesquisa envolvidas nos estudos apresentados são: Faculdades Integradas de Patos, Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo, Lund University, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Universidade Federal de Viçosa e Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. As áreas de formação dos autores concentram-se em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, na maioria, interagindo com Biólogo, Design de Interiores, Engenheiro Eletricista e Engenheiro Civil. As temáticas de desempenho desenvolvidas nos artigos relacionam-se, em sua grande maioria, ao desempenho térmico e energético de edificações, componentes construtivos e sistemas (quatro primeiros artigos), seguida pelo estudo de modelos de céu destinado à simulação de desempenho em iluminação natural de edificações (quinto artigo) e, por fim, à análise de desempenho com enfoque na norma de desempenho de edificações habitacionais ABNT NBR 15575:2013 (sexto artigo).
Práticas cênicas acessíveis e a interação entre artistas com e sem deficiência: um breve olhar sobre o trabalho dos encenadores Bob Wilson e Pippo Delbono
Authors: Berselli Marcia , Isaacsson Marta
Published: December 2018

De modo a destacar uma possibilidade de cena acessível a partir da interação entre artistas com e sem deficiência, o artigo lança um breve olhar sobre o trabalho de dois grandes expoentes da cena teatral contemporânea, Robert Wilson e Pippo Delbono. Trajetórias, procedimentos de criação e perspectivas éticas e estéticas do trabalho dos encenadores são cotejados, informando sobre as relações entre os artistas e suas influências na cena através da problematização da competência e de padrões normalizadores.
PETA PERSAINGAN PRODUK EKSPOR INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, SINGAPURA DAN THAILAND
Authors: Jayadi Akhmad , Aziz Harry Azhar
Published: December 2018

This paper examines the export product competition of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand which classified into five major groups: primer product, natural research intensive product, unskilled labor intensive product, technology intensive product, and human capital intensive product. The method used is product mapping, which is combination between Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Trade Balance Index (TBI). The data used is the 3-digit SITC revision 2, obtained by UNCOMTRADE, year 1980-2015. The result shows that Indonesia has comparative advantage in export specialization of primary product, natural research intensive product, and unskilled labor intensive product. Singapore and Malaysia have comparative advantage in technology intensive product, while Thailand has human capital intensive product. This research proves flying geese pattern of the five group of product, that if a country becomes a leader of one product, it will become follower in another product.
Revitalisasi Koperasi Syariah Berbasis Pemberdayaan Lingkungan Melalui Optimalisasi Bank Sampah
Authors: Takidah Erika , Indriani Susi
Published: December 2018

The amount of litter production at DKI Jakarta show a rapid climb up to 6.000 ton per days. DKI Jakarta governor asks their staff to tackle this problem to reduce the litter production since at household activity. Based on this case, Litter Bank is one good solution to plunge the amount of litter at sanitary landfills and be an innovative product which assists people to get household income. As a concern, this empowerment was held at the densely populated area with multitude household such as District of Cililitan by creating Islamic Microfinance Institution to improve litter bank performance. Based on economic aspect, the majority of social work as a labor and small enterprise who have middle until low range income. The purpose of this empowerment is divided for some aspects which are an environmental aspect, education, and social economics, for instance, an innovative product and adoption from rente system which are book saving and recycling rubbish which has a high value on the market. The method used in this empowerment is a qualitative case study approach. The data used are primary data obtained through observation and workshop to the communities on Cililitan. The empowerment was conducted during the period September 2016 â€“ March 2017. The result depicts that Islamic Microfinance Institution scheme entered and accepted by the community through a process of active and passive processes. Furthermore, it can grow society awareness in recycling rubbish and household finance management.
BUHARA: TÜRKİSTAN’DA ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜ BİR KENT
Authors: ARSLAN Hammet
Published: December 2018

Günümüzde Özbekistan sınırları içerisinde bulunan
Buhara kentinin uzun bir geçmişi vardır. Uzun tarihsel süreçte Türkler,
Farslar, Yahudiler, Araplar, Ruslar başta olmak üzere kentte birçok etnik unsur
ve birbirinden farklı kültür varlığını sürdürmüştür. Açık bir müze kabul edilen
tarihi Buhara kenti, UNESCO kültürel miras listesinde yer almaktadır. Gerek
tarihî bir ticaret yolunda konumlanmış olması gerekse de ürettiği ticari
ürünler nedeniyle kente uğrayan tüccarlar hem maddi hem de kültürel anlamda
kentin zenginleşmesine katkı sağlamışlardır. Dolayısıyla Buhara önemli bir
ticaret, kültür ve eğitim merkezi olmuştur. Kent aynı zamanda farklı dini
geleneklere mensup insanların buluşma noktası haline gelmiştir. Biz bu
makalemizde (i) Buhara kentinin çok kültürlü yapısına zemin hazırlayan
unsurları (ii) kentte hangi etnik ve dini unsurların bir arada yaşadığını ve
onların öne çıkan yönlerini (iii) kentin çok kültürlülük tecrübesinin günümüz
Türk dünyası açısından sunabileceği ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel fırsatları
ortaya koymayı hedeflemekteyiz.
Determination of the time scale of photoemission from the measurement of spin polarization
Authors: Fanciulli Mauro , Dil Hugo
Published: December 2018

The Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith (EWS) time delay of photoemission depends
on the phase term of the matrix element describing the transition.
Because of an interference process between partial channels, the
photoelectrons acquire a spin polarization which is also related to the
phase term. The analytical model for estimating the time delay by
measuring the spin polarization is reviewed in this manuscript. In
particular, the distinction between scattering EWS and interfering EWS
time delay will be introduced, providing an insight in the chronoscopy
of photoemission. The method is applied to the recent experimental data
for Cu(111) presented in M. Fanciulli et al., PRL 118, 067402
(2017), allowing to give better upper and lower bounds and
estimates for the EWS time delays.
Experiencia y donación
Authors: Moreno Juan José , Arboleda Mora Carlos
Published: December 2018

En este artículo se hace un estudio descriptivo de la experiencia espiritual que tienen los estudiantes de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Medellín, teniendo en cuenta el trasfondo teórico que ofrece el giro teológico de la fenomenología francesa y la escala para evaluar la experiencia espiritual diaria (DSES) de Lynn G. Underwood (1999); las variables que se tomaron en este estudio fueron la edad, el género, la carrera y los puntajes de la escala, teniendo en cuenta los efectos conductuales de la experiencia divina como variables de criterio. Se tomó una muestra de 317 estudiantes de 25 carreras, con edades entre los 17 y los 55 años, de los cuales 269 (85% de la muestra) tienen entre 17 y 23 años de edad. En los resultados, la discusión y las conclusiones, se presenta un análisis de la espiritualidad según los valores arrojados por la escala, leídos bajo el lente de la experiencia mística y la fenomenología de la donación. En efecto, la aproximación a Dios que ofrece la ontoteología es fija, invariable y conceptual; mientras que la mística no pretende explicar quién es Dios, sino relacionarse con él, experimentarlo y gozar de sus efectos, que ineluctablemente redundan en el amor al otro.
Justicia por mano propia en Colombia: un análisis desde los conceptos de ira e ira transicional
Authors: Mojica Rozo Iván Javier
Published: December 2018

Los casos de justicia por mano propia en Colombia han sido noticia en los últimos años y tienen el potencial de convertirse en una problemática social considerable. ¿Por qué una persona normal puede llegar a considerar que la solución a un delito es cometer otro? Este artículo pretende mostrar que la elevada percepción de impunidad y la desconfianza en las instituciones conducen a los ciudadanos al hastío, la frustración y, finalmente, a la ira, sentimiento que desencadenaría este tipo de reacciones; y propone que una posibilidad para romper esta espiral de violencia es tratar de enfocar esa ira en la búsqueda de soluciones integrales en lugar de enfocarla en la satisfacción de un deseo de retribución individual
Multiculturalismo e identidad, una mirada desde la hermenéutica analógica
Authors: Marín Romero Fabio
Published: December 2018

El multiculturalismo ha suscitado diferentes debates y posturas. Esto haconducido a tensiones entre los derechos comunitarios e individuales,fortaleciendo o disgregando a la vez el tema de la identidad. Esta oscilaciónpendular es abordada por la hermenéutica analógica de Mauricio Beuchot (1997)con su categoría “pluralismo cultural analógico”. Con ello pretendo no caer enunívocos o equívocos, sino hallar desde la analogía una mejor comprensión dela multiculturalidad en América Latina. Este trabajo se orienta a proponer unamirada comprensiva de los alcances de la propuesta de Beuchot y su relación conla identidad individual y colectiva del sujeto multicultural, además su vinculacióncon la educación y el pensamiento crítico como escenarios y lógicas en que sepuede propiciar un acercamiento a la problemática de la multiculturalidad
La filosofía de Hegel ¿ciencia redentora?
Authors: Quijano Restrepo Luis Guillermo
Published: December 2018

El presente ensayo tiene como fin abordar una temática que resulta inquietanteen el sistema filosófico hegeliano, a saber, la relación entre religión, ciencia yfilosofía. Dicha relación se manifiesta a través de la obra de Hegel de manerarecurrente y por ello estructural, a través de conceptos y momentos que tienenun desarrollo dialéctico que se mueve entre lo teológico y lo científico. Se tratade indagar si esta relación entre religión y ciencia conduce a una propuestanovedosa para la filosofía.
ALMANYA’DA ÇOCUKLARI KORUMA ALTINA ALINAN GÖÇMEN AİLELERİN, GENÇLİK DAİRELERİNE İLİŞKİN DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: Yaman Fikret , Tuncay Tarık
Published: December 2018

1960’lı yıllardan itibaren Almanya’ya
başlayan işçi göçü, çeşitli sorunları beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu sorunlar
arasında yer alan ve son yıllarda sürekli gündemde olanlardan bir tanesi de
koruma altına alınan göçmen kökenli çocuklardır.    

Bu çalışmada, çocukları koruma altına
alınan göçmen ailelerin Alman çocuk koruma sistemi ile olan deneyimleri,
ailelerin ve çocuk koruma ve göçmenlik alanında çalışan uzmanların diliyle
ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma, literatür okuması ile birlikte çocukları Alman Gençlik
Daireleri (Jugendamt) tarafından koruma altına alınan göçmen ailelere sunulan
hizmetleri ve yaşanılan sorunları anlamaya ve anlamlandırmaya çalışmaktadır.    

Almanya’daki Türkiyeli göçmen ailelerin
çocuk koruma hizmetlerine yönelik deneyimlerinin ilk defa incelendiği bu
araştırma, resmin bütünü anlamında bir iddiada bulunmaktan çok yaşananlar
anlamında bir kesit sunmaktadır. Araştırmanın önemli sonuçlarına bakıldığında,
geniş bir sosyal hizmet ağına sahip olmasına rağmen Gençlik daireleri, göçmenlerin
gözünde “korku ve güvensizliği” temsil etmektedir. Aileler ve uzmanlarla
yapılan görüşmelerde, Almanya’da çok kültürlü sosyal hizmet konusunda
çalışmalar bulunmakla birlikte sistemli bir hizmet sunumunun olmadığı dile
getirilmiştir. Öte yandan, göçmen aileler çocuk koruma çalışanları tarafından
anlaşılmadıklarını, kültür ve değerlerinin saygı görmediğini ve
yargılandıklarını düşünmektedir. Aileler dil, kültür ve inançlarının hizmet
seçiminde dikkate alınmadığını ve koruma altına alınma sürecinin çocuklarının
dil, kültür ve yaşam biçimleri üzerinde olumsuz değişimlere yol açtığını
söylemiştir. Araştırmanın en dramatik bulgularından biri de, koruma altına
alınma sürecinin göçmen aileler tarafından ölüm ve kayıp olarak
değerlendirilmesidir. Aileler, çocuklarının kendilerinden habersiz olarak
koruma altına alınmasını ve bu süreçte çocuklarına ulaşamamayı “ölüm ötesi”
olarak algılamaktadır.  

Göçmen ailelere yönelik koruma
hizmetlerinin daha iyi anlaşılması ve görünür kılınması için daha fazla
araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu anlamda yeni araştırmaların, ailelerin
yanı sıra aile odaklı ve kuruluş bakımı hizmetlerinden faydalanan çocukların ve
çocuk koruma sistemlerinden ayrılan gençlerin deneyimlerine odaklanması
gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Perlawanan Visual Perempuan dalam Poster
Authors: Elizabeth Misbah Zulfa
Published: December 2018

Visual expression is something un-denayable in social life because the viasuality is the expression of the social life. This article has the purpose to explore how visual expression of women resistance toward gender inequality. Applying qualitative research with the method of documentation study this article in detail analyses the interpretation of religious text as the source of inequality and gender reality in social context. It is revealed that visual expression of the poster suggesting to treat men and women respectfully is the resistance toward religious text interpretation which is inequally treat men and women.
Degradation of paraquat from contaminated water using green TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized from Coffea arabica L. in photocatalytic process
Authors: Phuinthiang Patcharaporn , Kajitvichyanukul Puangrat
Published: December 2018

The TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized from the extract of Coffea arabica L. (or TiO2/C) were used to remove paraquat from contaminated water in heterogeneous photocatalysis process. In this work, the sol-gel process using Coffea arabica L. as the solvent chemical were performed to obtain the TiO2 nano-catalyst. The value of pHpzc of TiO2/C was 2.9 which caused a highly acidic surface of catalyst. The paraquat is effectively removed in alkaline medium due to the adsorption ability of paraquat on the surface of TiO2/C. The paraquat degradation followed the pseudo-first-order model with the apparent rate constants of 5.84 × 10−2, 4.08 × 10−2, and 2.28 × 10−2 min−1 for TiO2/C, TiO2, and without TiO2, respectively, under the presence of ultraviolet (UV) and H2O2. The combined TiO2/C with UV and H2O2 was the most efficient process, exhibiting a maximum 66.3% degradation of 50 mg/L over 90 min at pH 10.
Brief Survey of Biological Network Alignment and a Variant with Incorporation of Functional Annotations
Authors: Jing Fang , Zhang Shao-Wu , Zhang Shihua
Published: December 2018

Background:

Biological network alignment has been widely studied in the context of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, metabolic networks and others in bioinformatics. The topological structure of networks and genomic sequence are generally used by existing methods for achieving this task.

Objective and Method:

Here we briefly survey the methods generally used for this task and introduce a variant with incorporation of functional annotations based on similarity in Gene Ontology (GO). Making full use of GO information is beneficial to provide insights into precise biological network alignment.

Results and Conclusion:

We analyze the effect of incorporation of GO information to network alignment. Finally, we make a brief summary and discuss future directions about this topic.
Biomasa y productividad en las zonas áridas mexicanas
Authors: Briones Oscar , Búrquez Alberto , Martínez-Yrízar Angelina , Pavón Numa , Perroni Yareni
Published: December 2018

Las zonas áridas mexicanas ocupan 54% de la superficie y las habita más de 40% de la población nacional. Aunque existen pocos estudios sobre la biomasa y flujo de energía de las zonas áridas mexicanas, estos muestran que la biomasa aérea (23.2 Mg ha-1 ± 4.15 Mg ha-1, 23 sitios) y subterránea (11.2 Mg ha-1 ± 3.54 Mg ha-1, 7 sitios) fue superior al promedio de los desiertos del mundo y sus valores altos estuvieron cercanos al intervalo del bosque tropical caducifolio (BTC). La productividad primaria neta de las regiones más secas de las zonas áridas mexicanas (< 0.5 Mg ha-1 año-1 - 3.4  Mg ha-1 año-1) fue similar al promedio de los desiertos del mundo, pero en las regiones menos secas fue casi cuatro veces mayor y similar a los BTC más secos. La producción de hojarasca (2.85 Mg ha-1 año-1 ± 0.64 Mg ha-1 año-1, 12 sitios) fue mayor a los desiertos norteamericanos y en sitios mésicos fue cercana al BTC. La producción de hojas, como en la mayoría de los ecosistemas terrestres, fue el componente que más contribuyó a la producción anual de hojarasca. La tasa de descomposición de la hojarasca (0.001 g C año-1 - 0.44 g C año-1) fue más lenta en comparación con bosques. La respiración microbiana del suelo (28.4 µg C g-1 d-1 ± 5.44 µg C g-1 d-1, 10 sitios) dependió principalmente de la precipitación y la concentración de carbono y nitrógeno. La disponibilidad de agua es el principal factor que regula la biomasa y productividad primaria en las zonas áridas mexicanas. Urge incrementar las investigaciones sobre la dinámica de los ecosistemas áridos, cuya sensibilidad/resiliencia al cambio de uso de suelo y otras presiones persistentes de cambio global es aún incierta.
ESTUDO DA SÍNTESE DE DERIVADOS DE IMIDAZOLIDINAS-2,4-DIONAS E OBTENÇAO DE NOVOS DERIVADOS.
Authors: Castro Natália Ruben , Marçal Luísa Luz
Published: December 2018

É crescente o interesse da literatura em compostos heterocíclicos sintéticos e na busca por novos compostos para o auxílio no tratamento de doenças, os derivados de imidazolidina-2,4-diona, também conhecidos como hidantoínas, constituem uma classe de compostos muito importantes. Além de possuírem um arcabouço aza-heterociclo versátil para síntese orgânica, pela possibilidade de funcionalização em N1, N3 e C5, assim como as posições 2 e 4 que podem variar entre oxigênio e enxofre fornecendo oxo ou tio-derivados, respectivamente, são responsáveis também por diversas atividades de interesse farmacêutico, como efeito anticolvulsante, antitumoral, anticancerígeno, dentre outras. Com base nisso, a proposta deste trabalho se direcionou ao estudo da obtenção de derivados de hidantoínas, se baseando na exploração de estratégias sintéticas simples como reações de condensação, utilizando aminoácidos distintos tratados com ureia e reações de N-acilações e Nalquilações, utilizando anidrido acético e cloreto de alquila, respectivamente. Pela variedade de aminoácidos possíveis de serem utilizados e variados substratos acilados ou alquilados a serem explorados, tal proposta de pesquisa se apresenta bastante promissora, onde, apoiando-se em um conjunto de etapas sintéticas já estabelecidas na literatura, obteve-se derivados de hidantoínas inéditos N1,C5-disubstituídos, como (S)-1-acetil-5-benzilimidazolidina-2,4-diona,(S)-5-((1H-indol3-il)methil)-1-acetilimidazolidina-2,4-diona, (S)-1-acetil-5-isobutilimidazolidina-2,4-diona, (S)-1- acetil-5-isopropilimidazolidina-2,4-diona, e N1,N3,C5-trisubstituídos, como (S)-1-acetil-3,5- dibenzilimidazolidina-2,4-diona,(S)-5-((1H-indol-3-il)metil)-1-acetil-3-benzil imidazolidina-2,4- diona, (S)-1-acetil-3-benzil-5-isopropilimidazolidina-2,4-diona,(S)-2-benzil-tetrahidro-2H-pirrolo [1,2-e]imidazol-1,3-diona. As estruturas de todos os compostos sintetizados foram caracterizadas através de aspectos físicos (ponto de fusão dos compostos sólidos) e espectroscópicos (RMN 1H, RMN 13C e Infravermelho).
Peningkatan Minat Menabung di Bank Syariah melalui Program Office Channeling
Authors: Chotifah Yuliana Siti
Published: December 2018

Office channeling is one way to boost the growth of sharia banking industry significantly. Banks expect customers' knowledge of office channelling to increase the interest of customers in saving in a sharia bank. This study analyzed how far the influence of customer knowledge of office channeling to the interest of saving. The data is primary from interviewing to 100 customers BRI Kartasura whose savings by a questionnaire. The respondents chosen by random from total 43.985 customers till December 2016. Technique of analyzing the data used Simple Regression. The result of this research showed the Customer Knowledge to office channeling had a positive and significant effect on interest in saving in Sharia Bank. The research gives a contribution to (a) academician; as an evidence of theory, (b) Sharia Bank; good information to increase socialization to customers about office channeling.
Identification of Specific miRNAs in Neutrophils of Type 2 Diabetic Mice: Overexpression of miRNA-129-2-3p Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Umehara Takahiro , Mori Ryoichi , Mace Kimberly A. , Murase Takehiko , Abe Yuki , Yamamoto Takuma , Ikematsu Kazuya
Published: December 2018

Neutrophils are involved in the first stage of acute inflammation. After injury, they are mobilized and recruited to the injured tissue. In diabetes, wound healing is delayed and aberrant, leading to excessive recruitment and retention of neutrophils that fail to promote angiogenesis and prolong inflammation. However, the exact pathological mechanisms of diabetic-derived neutrophils in chronic inflammation remain unclear. Here, miRNA profiling of neutrophils from bone marrow in type 2 diabetic mice was performed using a microarray. miRNAs regulate the posttranscriptional expression of target mRNAs and are important in countering inflammation-related diseases. Our study revealed that miRNAs exhibit differential expression in diabetic-derived neutrophils compared with non–diabetic-derived neutrophils, especially miR-129 family members. miR-129-2-3p directly regulated the translation of Casp6 and Ccr2, which are involved in inflammatory responses and apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-129-2-3p overexpression at the wound site of type 2 diabetic mice accelerated wound healing. These results suggest possible involvement of miR-129-2-3p in diabetic-derived neutrophil dysfunction and that retention kinetics of neutrophils and chronic inflammation may be initiated through miR-129-2-3p–regulated genes. This study characterizes changes in global miRNA expression in diabetic-derived neutrophils and systematically identifies critical target genes involved in certain biological processes related to the pathology of diabetic wound healing.
Multimodal Imaging of the Initial Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy: Different Disease Pathways in Different Patients
Authors: Marques Inês P. , Alves Dalila , Santos Torcato , Mendes Luís , Santos Ana Rita , Lobo Conceição , Durbin Mary , Cunha-Vaz José
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different disease pathways (ischemia, neurodegeneration, and edema) in the initial stages of diabetic retinopathy. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, eyes were grouped by diabetic retinopathy severity using the 7-field Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) protocol (levels 10–20, 35, and 43–47). Neurodegeneration was identified by thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer and/or ganglion cell layer. Edema was identified by thickening of the inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, or full retina. Ischemia was identified by metrics of retinal vessel density. Imaging was performed in 142 eyes from 142 patients (28% women) aged 52–88 years. Vessel density (ischemia) was significantly different between the ETDRS groups (P < 0.020). On multivariate regression analysis, it remained significantly different between stages of the disease and showed associations with age (P < 0.001), sex (P = 0.028), and metabolic control (P = 0.034). No significant differences between ETDRS groups were found in retinal thinning (neurodegeneration) or retinal thickness (edema). Eyes with the same ETDRS retinopathy grading from different patients with diabetes showed that the prevalence of different disease pathways varies between patients, even within the same severity group. Ischemia (capillary dropout) is the only disease pathway that shows correlation with retinopathy severity and metabolic control.
Incidence and Determinants of Intraocular Lens Implantation in Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II
Authors: Drinkwater Jocelyn J. , Davis Timothy M.E. , Turner Angus W. , Bruce David G. , Davis Wendy A.
Published: December 2018

OBJECTIVE

To compare the incidence of intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for cataracts between people with and without type 2 diabetes and to determine associated risk factors in those with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Participants with type 2 diabetes (n = 1,499) from the community-based observational Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II (FDS2) were age, sex, and zip code matched 1:4 with residents without diabetes. IOL implantation status was ascertained between entry (2008–2011) and the end of 2016 using validated data linkage. Age-specific incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for cataract surgery were calculated. Predictors of IOL implantation in FDS2 participants were assessed using proportional hazards and competing risk regression modeling.

RESULTS

The crude IRR (95% CI) for cataract surgery in FDS2 participants (mean ± SD age 62.8 ± 10.8 years at entry) versus the matched group without diabetes was 1.50 (1.32–1.71), with the highest relative risk in those aged 45–54 years at the time of surgery (7.12 [2.05–27.66]). Competing risk analysis showed that age at entry, diabetes duration, serum HDL cholesterol, serum triglycerides, a severe hypoglycemic episode in the past year, and Asian and southern European ethnicity increased the risk of cataract surgery in participants with type 2 diabetes (P ≤ 0.025).

CONCLUSIONS

People with type 2 diabetes, especially those in younger age-groups, are at a significantly increased risk of cataract surgery than matched people without diabetes. Multifaceted prevention strategies should be incorporated as part of routine care. As well as limiting ultraviolet light exposure, these might include lipid-modifying treatment and strategies to avoid severe hypoglycemia.
General and Abdominal Obesity and Incident Distal Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy: Insights Into Inflammatory Biomarkers as Potential Mediators in the KORA F4/FF4 Cohort
Authors: Schlesinger Sabrina , Herder Christian , Kannenberg Julia M. , Huth Cornelia , Carstensen-Kirberg Maren , Rathmann Wolfgang , Bönhof Gidon J. , Koenig Wolfgang , Heier Margit , Peters Annette , Meisinger Christa , Roden Michael , Thorand Barbara , Ziegler Dan
Published: December 2018

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the associations between different anthropometric measurements and development of distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) considering interaction effects with prediabetes/diabetes and to evaluate subclinical inflammation as a potential mediator.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This study was conducted among 513 participants from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4/FF4 cohort (aged 62–81 years). Anthropometry was measured at baseline. Incident DSPN was defined by neuropathic impairments using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument at baseline and follow-up. Associations between anthropometric measurements and DSPN were estimated by multivariable logistic regression. Potential differences by diabetes status were assessed using interaction terms. Mediation analysis was conducted to determine the mediation effect of subclinical inflammation in these associations.

RESULTS

After a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, 127 cases with incident DSPN were detected. Both general and abdominal obesity were associated with development of DSPN. The odds ratios (95% CI) of DSPN were 3.06 (1.57; 5.97) for overweight, 3.47 (1.72; 7.00) for obesity (reference: normal BMI), and 1.22 (1.07; 1.38) for 5-cm differences in waist circumference, respectively. Interaction analyses did not indicate any differences by diabetes status. Two chemokines (C-C motif chemokine ligand 7 [CCL7] and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [CXCL10]) and one neuron-specific marker (Delta/Notch-like epidermal growth factor–related receptor [DNER]) were identified as potential mediators, which explained a proportion of the total effect up to 11% per biomarker.

CONCLUSIONS

General and abdominal obesity were associated with incident DSPN among individuals with and without diabetes, and this association was partly mediated by inflammatory markers. However, further mechanisms and biomarkers should be investigated as additional mediators to explain the remainder of this association.
Finite Element Based Analysis of Reinforcing Cords in Rolling Tires: Influence of Mechanical and Thermal Cord Properties on Tire Response
Authors: Behnke Ronny , Kaliske Michael
Published: December 2018

Tires of passenger cars and other special tires are made of rubber compounds and reinforcing cords of different type to form a composite with distinct mechanical and thermal properties. One of the major load cases is the steady state rolling operation during the tire's service.

In this contribution, attention is paid to the strain and force state as well as the temperature distribution in the carcass cord layer of a steady state rolling tire. A simple benchmark tire geometry is considered, which is made of one rubber compound, one carcass cord layer (textile), and two belt cord layers (steel). From the given geometry, two tire designs are derived by using two distinct types of reinforcing cords (polyester and rayon) for the carcass cord layer. Subsequently, the two tire designs are subjected to three load cases with different inner pressure, vertical force, and translational velocity. The strain and the force state as well as the temperature distribution in the cords are computed via a thermomechanically coupled finite element simulation approach for each tire design and load case. To realistically capture the thermomechanical behavior of the cords, a temperature- and deformation-dependent nonlinear elastic cord model is proposed. The cord model parameters can be directly derived from data of cord tensile tests at different temperatures. Finally, cord design parameters (minimum and maximum strains and forces in the cords, maximum strain and force range per cycle, and maximum cord temperature) are summarized and compared. Additionally, the global vertical stiffness and the rolling resistance for each tire design are addressed.
Predicting Useful Life of Green Tires through Different Methodologies
Authors: Gheller Jordao
Published: December 2018

One consideration when evaluating materials is the length of time over which they can be used, also called useful life. This is a complex question, especially for new green tire tread rubber compounds using silica as the main reinforcing filler that results in lower fuel consumption. The current work presents a critical approach of three methodologies used for predicting the useful life of different tire tread compositions. The methodologies considered were Arrhenius; Williams, Landel, and Ferry (WLF); and crack growth propagation. Different temperatures, strains, and mechanical properties were analyzed to evaluate the differences between the useful life of the new green tire tread and the carbon black reinforced reference one. Results showed different useful life for each evaluated property. Moreover, each tire tread composition presented a different useful life for the same property, while the silica reinforced composition presented a lower useful life when compared with the reference one.
Experimental Investigation of the Tractive Performance of Pneumatic Tires on Ice
Authors: Jimenez Emilio , Sandu Corina
Published: December 2018

This investigation was motivated by the need for performance improvement of pneumatic tires in icy conditions. Under normal operation, the pneumatic tire is the only force-transmitting component between the terrain and the vehicle. Therefore, it is critical to grasp the understanding of the contact mechanics at the contact patch under various surfaces and operating conditions. This article aims to enhance the understanding of the tire-ice contact interaction through experimental studies of pneumatic tires traversing over smooth ice. An experimental design has been formulated that provides insight into the effect of operational parameters, specifically general tire tread type, slip ratio, normal load, inflation pressure, ice surface temperature, and traction performance. The temperature distribution in the contact patch is recorded using a novel method based on thermocouples embedded in the contact patch. The drawbar pull is also measured at different conditions of normal load, inflation pressure, and ice temperatures. The measurements were conducted using the Terramechanics Rig at the Advanced Vehicle Dynamics Laboratory. This indoor single-wheel equipment allows repeatable testing under well-controlled conditions. The data measured indicates that, with the appropriate tread design, the wheel is able to provide a higher drawbar pull on smooth ice. With an increase in ice surface temperature, a wet film is observed, which ultimately leads to a significant decrease in traction performance.
Effect of Rubber Hardness and Tire Size on Tire-Pavement Interaction Noise
Authors: Li Tan , Burdisso Ricardo , Sandu Corina
Published: December 2018

Tire-pavement interaction noise (TPIN) is a dominant noise source for passenger cars and trucks above 25 mph (40 km/h) and above 43 mph (70 km/h), respectively. TPIN is generated due to excitations of the tread pattern and pavement texture. For the same tread pattern and pavement texture at the same speed, TPIN might also be influenced by the tire structure (e.g., the tread rubber hardness and tire size). In the present study, 42 tires with different rubber hardnesses and/or tire sizes were tested at five different speeds (45–65 mph, i.e., 72–105 km/h) on a nonporous asphalt pavement (a section of U.S. Route 460, both eastbound and westbound). An on-board sound intensity system was instrumented on the test vehicle to collect the tire noise data at both the leading edge and the trailing edge of the contact patch. An optical sensor recording the once-per-revolution signal was also installed to monitor the vehicle speed and, more importantly, to provide the data needed to perform the order-tracking analysis to break down the tire noise into two components. These two components are the tread pattern noise and the non–tread pattern noise. It is concluded that for the nonporous asphalt pavement tested, the non–tread pattern noise increases with rubber hardness by ∼0.23 dBA/Shore A. The tire carcass width (section width plus two times section height) influences the central frequencies of the non–tread pattern noise spectrum; the central frequencies decrease as the tire carcass width increases.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Rumah Sakit Tk. III Baladhika Husada Jember
Authors: Nisa Desy Khoirun , Santoso Budi , Azhad M. Naely
Published: December 2018

This research aim to analyze the effect of organizational cultural and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) to work performance at Baladhika Husada Jember 3rd Level Hospital. Data used in this research is primary data was collected by questionnaire. The population of this research is all employee of Baladhika Husada Jember 3rd Level Hospital amount of 98 peoples, included doctor, nurse, also administration and human resources. Determination of samples using total sampling. The analyze technique used multiple linier regressions analysis. The result of hypothesis testing shown that the organizational cultural has significant effect to work performance at Baladhika Husada Jember 3rd Level Hospital or H1 accepted. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has significant effect to work performance at Baladhika Husada Jember 3rd Level Hospital or H2 accepted.
Ko au ko te taiao, ko te taiao ko au – I am the environment and the environment is me: A Māori theology of the environment
Authors: Rangiwai Byron
Published: December 2018

Ko au ko te taiao, ko te taiao ko au – I am the environment and the environment is me. This article will present a Māori theology of the environment based on whakapapa (genealogy), whenua (land), wairua (spirit), whānau (family), and whakapono (faith).
Approximate Analytical Solutions to Conformable Modified Burgers Equation Using Homotopy Analysis Method
Authors: Kurt Ali , Tasbozan Orkun
Published: December 2018

In this paper the authors aspire to obtain the approximate analytical solution of Modified Burgers Equation with newly defined conformable derivative by employing homotopy analysis method (HAM).
Analysis and Detection of EEG Transient Waves During Sleep
Authors: Ana-Maria Ionescu , Cătălin Dumitrescu , Carmen Copaci , Dan Iliescu , Tony Hangan , Alexandru Bobe
Published: December 2018

Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis consists of locating signal structtures in time and frequency. A detection method based on the Matching Pursuit Algorithms finds the suboptimal solution of the function optimal linear expansion over a redundant waveform dictionary. This paper has put forth a method for the automatic detection and analysis of transient waves during sleep based on the matching pursuit method with a real dictionary og Gabor functions. Each wave peak is described in terms of natural parameters. In this context, there have been confirmed several literature hypotheses regarding the spatial, temporal, and frequency distribution of transient waves during sleep, and their relationships with slow wave brain activity. Mastery and expertise in clinical EEG interpretation is one of the most desirable disgnostic clinical skills in interpreting seizures, epilepsy, sleep disorder, biomarkers for early disgnosis of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurocognitive studies.
An Assessment of Architectural Stylistics and Functional Spatial Structure of Interwar Lithuanian Schools in the Global Context
Authors: Brukštutė Grėtė
Published: December 2018

The article analyses and compares general education and specialised schools built in Lithuania, Europe and the USA during inter-war years. The main problem analysed in the article is the correspondence between the architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure of interwar Lithuanian school buildings with the same typology buildings in the regional context. The aim of the article is to assess the essence of changes of architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure, what caused these changes. Interwar architecture in Lithuania has many of the main trends of the global architecture of that time, so undoubtedly interwar period is considered to be one of the most significant periods in the history of Lithuanian architecture, which has laid the foundations for the further development of Lithuanian architecture.
Overcoming Dyadic Boundaries: Reading Poetic Experience after the Semiotics and Pragmatism of Charles S. Peirce
Authors: da Costa e Silva Tiago
Published: December 2018

The aim of this article is to offer a reading of the poetic experience through the scope of the semiotics and pragmatism of Chares S. Peirce. Such a reading through semiotics and pragmatism unveils deeper levels of the process of interpretation involving abduction, an inference through which new meanings implied in the semantic tensions arise. Methodologically, the article begins with Roman Jakobson’s realisation that only a broader semiotical context, which breaches the boundaries of the dyadic components of significant and signified scope of structuralism, enables the access to deeper levels of poetic events. The article’s author then discusses the limitations of the dyadic relations of structuralism and, as a broader processual framework to assess poeticity, sets out to discuss the poetic experience from the perspective of pragmatism and its all-encompassing logic of abduction.
A Content Analysis of the Rule of Law within Public Governance Models: Old vs. New EU Member States
Authors: Ropret Marko , Aristovnik Aleksander , Kovač Polonca
Published: December 2018

This paper aims to analyze the development of the rule of law and its key characteristics as a principle within public governance model (PGM) research. In the study, we analyzed two main EU cultural and geographical subgroups, selected old and new EU member states, in order to identify the main convergences and differences characteristic of the respective clusters. With the accession to the European Union, these acceding countries were to transfer EU law into national law and reform their governance models accordingly. The aim of the research was achieved by following an original methodology, encompassing 431 relevant scientific papers from the Scopus database. Th e known QDA Miner 5.0.11 soft ware package was selected as the main tool for the analysis. Th e research questions were aimed at covering: (i) the role of the rule of law as one of the key governance principles in relation to the countries’ historical legacy and different governance models, (ii) the relationship between the rule of law and other governance principles and (iii) opportunities for further research within the two selected geographical subgroups. The results, concerning the first research question, reveal a greater frequency of papers per year about the relevant PGM studies focusing on the old EU member states. Likely, due to a broader socio-administrative tradition within these countries, law-related topics are better covered. As regards the relationship between the rule of law and other governance principles, we have shown that the rule of law as a principle is importantly related to effective governance and PA reforms and must not be taken as an antipode to efficiency. In new EU MS, i.e. Central and East Europe (CEE), in particular the rule of law in administrative relations is also one of the salient elements of the on-going transitional development compared to the old Western democracies. However, within the processes of privatization, globalization and marketization, the rule of law is challenged; even with PAR that might undermine the core principles of democratic governance. While demanding further research, encompassing specific socio-economic needs of individual public administrations and an evaluation of legal and related highly important reform preconditions proves vital for tomorrow’s public administration, more effectively and efficiently coping with the needs of the modern society.
Inter-Municipal Cooperation in the Czech Republic: A Public Finance Perspective
Authors: Sedmihradská Lucie
Published: December 2018

Inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) in the Czech Republic is common and flexible and is generally viewed as a means to reduce problems related to the highly fragmented local government structure. The paper utilizes financial and accounting data of public entities to evaluate the character and magnitude of inter-municipal cooperation in the Czech Republic. It concludes that the extent of public services provided based on the service contracts or through institutionalized forms of IMC is quite limited and that the majority of the IMC is somewhat informal and soft , e.g. exchange of experience and ad-hoc projects.
When Evidence is not Taken for Granted: The Use and Perception of “Evidence” in the Czech Republic Ministries
Authors: Veselý Arnošt , Ochrana František , Nekola Martin
Published: December 2018

The role of evidence in policy-making is one of the most researched topics in public policy and public administration. However, surprisingly little research has been done on how public officials actually use evidence in everyday life practice. Moreover, these studies have been limited to countries that have been influenced by the evidence-based policy movement (EBP). Little is known about how the evidence is conceptualized and utilized in other countries which have not been so strongly influenced by EBP movement. This paper addresses this gap. Using a large-N survey on the Czech ministerial officials and in-depth interviews with them, we explore what is understood under the term of “evidence”, what kind of evidence is used and preferred by public officials and why. In doing so, we use four theoretical perspectives on the use of evidence. We show that despite the long-established tradition of using research in policy-making the importance of research evidence in the Czech Republic is far from being taken for granted. On the contrary, the immediate and personal experience is often preferred over the research findings. The exception to that are census-like statistical data and comparative data published by international organizations. We find some support for the two-communities metaphor, though these communities are not defined by their socio-demographic characteristics, but rather by their internal discourse and understanding of evidence.
Productivity Development in Selected Central European Countries Measured by the Sato Production Function
Authors: Roubalová Lenka , Viskotová Lenka
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between economic output, labour and capital in the Visegrád Four, Austria and Germany. The main objective is to determine the type of technological progress in these countries over time, specifically in the period 1995-2015. The Sato production functions (a special case of the linearly homogeneous production function) for all the aforementioned countries are estimated using linear and nonlinear techniques. In addition to the original Sato production function, we propose modifying it in using a time variable, which allows us to analyse the development of productivity over time. Based on the NLS estimates of this modification, we create isoquant maps and calculate the value of the marginal rate of technical substitution of labour for capital to identify the nature of technological progress typical for each country. We also compare the properties of both the OLS and NLS estimates. The results are quite specific to individual countries, but there is some room for generalization.