bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTRODUKSI TEKNOLOGI PENGERING TENAGA SURYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA KERUPUK UBI DI KECAMATAN KAMANG MAGEK KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Havendri Adly , Saputra Dendi Adi , Satria M. Eka , Syafi’i Syafi’i
Published: June 2019

Usaha peningkatan nilai tambah ubi kayu dapat dilakukan dengan cara penganekaragaman produk olahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan setengah jadi (produk antara) yang selanjutnya dapat langsung dipasarkan atau menjadi produk makanan siap saji. Saat ini, di Kecamatan Kamang Magek Kabupaten Agam usaha penganekaragaman produk olahan ubi kayu banyak dilakukan oleh industri skala rumah tangga (IRT). Namun, dalam proses pengolahannya beberapa IRT masih menggunakan teknologi sederhana sehingga produktivitas dan pendapatan usaha terbatas pada kemampuan teknologi yang digunakan. IRT Erna (mitra) masih menggunakan metode pengeringan konvensional berupa pengeringan melalui panas matahari. Hal ini akan menyebabkan ketergantungan produksi kerupuk ubi terhadap perubahan cuaca. Ketersediaan teknologi pengering dengan menggunakan panas buatan sebagai pengganti panas matahari belum mampu menjadi solusi pengering kerupuk ubi bagi IRT pengolah kerupuk ubi di Sumatera Barat. Kerupuk ubi yang dikeringkan secara paksa menyebabkan ketidakmerataan suhu pengeringan pada produk kerupuk ubi. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan introduksi teknologi pengering tenaga surya yang dirancang berdasarkan kebutuhan mitra. Dari hasil kegiatan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknologi yang diintroduksikan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas produksi kerupuk ubi hingga 2 kali lipat dari proses produksi dengan menggunakan teknologi konvensional sebelumnya.
Pengaruh Suhu Gas-Plastik dan Air-Pendingin Kondensor terhadap Minyak yang Dihasilkan pada Proses Pirolisis Plastik
Authors: Rangkuti Chalilullah , Rijani Muhamad
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, especially in big cities like Jakarta, there are a lot of people's needs every day and produce a huge amount of garbage which reaches 6000 tons dumped to Bantar Gebang landfill area every day and not to mention those which is not collected by scavengers. Of those garbage, 13%-14% of the waste is plastic type. In this study the distillation method is used. By pyrolysis method the plastic is heated and gasified to different temperatures before it goes to the condenser and converted to oil using different cooling water temperatures of the condenser. The results of this study, for 1 kg of plastic processed the optimum temperature of the gasified plastic of 90 oC with cooling water condenser temperature of 15 oC is producing 800 mL of plastic-oil, which is 68% of the weight of the plastic being processed. The plastic-oil produced is close to the type of gasoline.
DFT Benchmark Study of the O--O Bond Dissociation Energy in Peroxides Validated with High-Level Ab-Initio Calculations
Authors: Carmona Danilo , Jaque Pablo , Vöhringer-Martinez Esteban
Published: June 2019

Peroxides play a central role in many chemical and biological pro- cesses such as the Fenton reaction. The relevance of these compounds lies in the low stability of the O–O bond which upon dissociation results in radical species able to initiate various chemical or biological processes. In this work, a set of 64 DFT functional-basis set combinations has been validated in terms of their capability to describe bond dissociation energies (BDE) for the O–O bond in a database of 14 ROOH peroxides for which experimental values ofBDE are available. Moreover, the electronic contributions to the BDE were obtained for four of the peroxides and the anion H2O2− at the CBS limit at CCSD(T) level with Dunning’s basis sets up to triple–ζ quality provid- ing a reference value for the hydrogen peroxide anion as a model. Almost all the functionals considered here yielded mean absolute deviations around 5.0 kcal mol−1. The smallest values were observed for the ωB97 family and the Minnesota M11 functional with a marked basis set dependence. Despite the mean deviation, order relations among BDE experimental values of peroxides were also considered. The ωB97 family was able to reproduce the relations correctly whereas other functionals presented a marked dependence on the chemical nature of the R group. Interestingly, M11 functional did not show a very good agreement with the established order despite its good performance in the mean error. The obtained results support the use of similar validation strategies for proper prediction of BDE or other molecular properties by DF Tmethods in subsequent related studies.
Rational Engineering of Hydratase from Lactobacillus Acidophilus Reveals Critical Residues Directing Substrate Specificity and Regioselectivity
Authors: Eser Bekir Engin , Poborsky Michal , Dai Rongrong , Kishino Shigenobu , Ljubic Anita , Takeuchi Michiki , Jacobsen Charlotte , Ogawa Jun , Kristensen Peter , Guo Zheng
Published: June 2019

Enzymatic conversion of abundant fatty acids (FAs) through fatty acid hydratases (FAHs) presents an environment-friendly and efficient route for production of high-value hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs). However, a limited diversity was achieved among HFAs to date with respect to chain length and hydroxy group position, due to high substrate- and regio-selectivity of hydratases. In this study, we compared two highly similar FAHs from Lactobacillus acidophilus: FA-HY2 has narrow substrate scope and strict regioselectivity, whereas FA-HY1 utilize longer chain substrates and hydrate various double bond positions. We reveal three active-site residues that play remarkable role in directing substrate specificity and regioselectivity of hydration. When these residues on FA-HY2 are mutated to the corresponding residues in FA-HY1, we observe a significant expansion of substrate scope and distinct shift and enhancement in hydration of double bonds towards -end of FAs. A three-residue mutant of FA-HY2 (TM-FA-HY2; T391S/H393S/I378P) displayed an impressive reversal of regioselectivity towards linoleic acid, shifting ratio of the HFA product regioisomers (10-OH:13-OH) from 99:1 to 12:88. Although kcat values are still low in comparison to wild-type FA-HY1, TM-FA-HY2 exhibited about 60-fold increase in catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) compared to wild-type FA-HY2. Important changes in regioselectivity were also observed with mutant enzymes for arachidonic acid and C18 PUFAs. In addition, TM-FA-HY2 variant exhibited high conversion rates for cis-5, cis-8, cis-11, cis-14, cis-17-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and cis-8, cis-11, cis-14-eicosatrienoic acid (ETA) at preparative scale and enabled isolation of 12-hydroxy products with moderate yields. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential of microalgae as a source of diverse FAs for HFA production. Our study paves the way for tailor-made FAH design and for efficient conversion of FA sources into diverse range of HFAs with high potential for various applications from polymer industry to medical field.
As regras legais e o processo de descentralização da Assistência Social
Authors: Lima Angela Dayrell de
Published: June 2019

Este artigo pretende sistematizar os traços mais marcantes da trajetória da descentralização da assistência social, a partir do período de implementação da LOAS (1995 a 2000) desencadeada pelo governo federal. O referencial analítico utilizado considerou o exame da descentralização, tendo como marco a reforma do Estado, e o exame da dimensão normativa, analisada por meio da variável institucional

 regras legais. O marco legal é que estabelece as diretrizes básicas, delineando definições, diretrizes e, principalmente, indicando por onde irão transitar os diversos atores, determinando os procedimentos que colaboram ou não para estruturação do formato institucional da assistência social.
Alternativas socialistas às políticas sociais neoliberais
Authors: Pereira Potyara Amazoneida Pereira
Published: June 2019

Trata este artigo de identificar alternativas pós-neoliberais contra-hegemônicas às políticas sociais liberais hegemônicas desde o final dos anos 1970. Nessa identificação são privilegiadas propostas socialistas pós-industriais, que visam romper com a lógica industrialista do capitalismo contemporâneo, para avaliar o seu significado e alcance políticos reais.
As reformas da seguridade social:
Authors: Faleiros Vicente de Paula
Published: June 2019

O artigo trata da seguridade social no Canadá. Pretende relacionar as reformas e projetos de reforma do Governo Federal canadense e do governo de Quebec com as grandes orientações da política social nos países centrais, no contexto de mundialização da economia e de hegemonia do neoliberalismo. A primeira parte do artigo refere-se às mudanças econômicas  ou seja, à questão do esgotamento da regulação fordistaou da relação salarial como forma de regulação das relações de produção e à crise do desemprego. Em seguida aborda a crise da seguridade social, o discurso da chamada "revolução conservadora" e as propostas da reforma. Finalmente, uma reflexão sobre a renda mínima de cidadania como alternativa às reformas propostas.
Os desafios de compreender o trabalho informal
Authors: Dalbosco Eduardo , Kuyumjian Márcia De Melo Martins
Published: June 2019

Os autores analisam as modificações do mundo do trabalho a partir da crise do modelo fordista no final dos "trinta gloriosos" anos do pósguerra. O uso intensivo de tecnologia, a abertura de mercados globalizados, a financeirização do capital e as modernas técnicas de gestão e planejamento do novo modo de acumulação flexível alteram a composição, a qualidade e a quantidade do emprego colocando em risco o assalariamento formal como paradigma social. A flexibilidade e a precarização dos contratos disseminam modalidades informais de trabalho, como recurso de sobrevivência para uma parcela não residual de trabalhadores. São debatidos os conceitos de "setor informal", as várias correntes que abordam o fenômeno da informalidade nos países de terceiro mundo e pesquisas de campo já realizadas sobre o segmento. Na conclusão afirmam a importância do trabalho informal para a geração de renda, empregos e para a manutenção da coesão social, principalmente em face de sua existência subordinada intersticialmente ao modo de acumulação dominante.
Exclusão social:
Authors: Schwartz Eda , Nogueira Vera Maria Ribeiro
Published: June 2019

A exclusão social vem sendo construída e reconstruída nas relações cotidianas revestida de matizes ideológicos que obscurecem aspectos significativos para sua apreensão analítica. Pode-se dizer, em outros termos, que cada um dos domínios do conhecimento que aborda a exclusão social, apresenta uma tendência para segmentar e parcializar a abordagem em focos estritos e de alta densidade explicativa, não os articulando, entretanto, entre si. O presente artigo pretende relacionar as várias interfaces da igualdade/desigualdade que conformam a exclusão/inclusão social. O passo inicial será identificar o significado atribuído aos direitos sociais e situar os enfoques que vêm permeando e dando o tom ao debate. Com isso se pretende visualizar o seu significado nos diferentes espaços geográficos e distintas temporalidades.
A questão social e as transformações das políticas sociais:
Authors: Pereira Potyara Amazoneida Pereira
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objeto de interesse a política social do Welfare State, tendo como tendo como parâmetro as transformações sofridas por ela, no rastro das metamorfoses da questão social, bem como as respostas institucionais e políticas suscitadas por essas transformações. Para tanto, a autora detem-se brevemente, em três principais momentos de sua trajetória: no seu apogeu; na sua propalada "crise" e na sua configuração e tendências contemporâneas.
A (nova) questão social e as estratégias para seu enfrentamento
Authors: Stein Rosa Helena
Published: June 2019

Este artigo trata da nova questão social e das políticas de bem-estar pluralistas. Para tal, compreende dois momentos. No primeiro, contextualiza-se a emergência da questão social, gerada pelas grandes transformações sociais, políticas e econômicas produzidas pela revolução industrial, bem como a origem de um novo tipo de regulação, com base no direito do cidadão e no dever do Estado - o Estado de Bem-Estar. No segundo, busca-se problematizar a crise/reestruturação do Estado de Bem-Estar, num período marcado por grave crise econômica e acentuada crítica de setores conservadores.
Prostitutas cidadãs:
Authors: Alvarez Gabriel Omar , Rodrigues Marlene Teixeira
Published: June 2019

O presente texto sistematiza alguns insigths acerca da prostituição feminina e do impacto das políticas públicas da área de HIV/Aids sobre esta população, assim como sobre a atuação de ONGs locais e transnacionais num campo em que as associações de prostitutas emergem como novos movimentos sociais. De um lado, uma abordagem etnográfica permite deslocar o eixo de análise dos preconceitos que cercam a prostituição, para as categorias com as quais estas mulheres estruturam sua vida cotidiana (e são estruturadas). De outro lado, o estudo centra-se nas ONGs enquanto executoras de parte das referidas políticas – promoção e prevenção, fundamentalmente – o que permite refletir sobre o impacto das diretrizes da cooperação internacional sobre este tipo de organização; suas contradições e articulações com o surgimento de um novo ator social – as organizações de prostitutas – que se constrói em torno de reivindicações que transcendem a área de saúde.
SORIANO DÍAZ, Ramón; ALARCÓN CABRERA, Carlos; MORA MOLINA, Juan (Directores). Diccionario crítico de los derechos humanos. Huelva (España): Universidad Internacio-nal de Andalucia, Sede Iberoamericana, 2000. 315 p.
Authors: Sousa Junior José Geraldo de
Published: June 2019

A disposição para o exame deste belo projeto, a edição de um dicionário crítico de direitos humanos, não advém apenas da concordância com as razões da iniciativa. De fato, estou de acordo com os diretores e coordenadores da edição, quanto aos motivos e à oportunidade da publicação da obra: “o interesse social que suscita esta classe de direitos pela relevância do bens jurídicos protegidos, o extraordinário desenvolvimento normativo e institucional, ao nível interno-estatal e internacional, na defesa e promoção dos direitos humanos, e as constantes controvérsias entre os estudiosos e na opinião pública sobre seu significado e alcance, que são causa do caráter antagônico de seu exercício, de sua ineficácia na prática social e da fácil instrumentalização de que são objeto pelas esferas de poder”.
As vicissitudes da pesquisa e da teoria no campo da política social
Authors: Pereira Potyara A. P.
Published: June 2019

É fato conhecido que nenhuma disciplina científica ou corpo sistematizado de conhecimentos é produzido sem o concurso da pesquisa. Mas, o que nem todos sabem é que a construção do conhecimento não depende só do uso correto, competente e imaginoso de metodologias. Ao lado da aplicação de métodos e técnicas de captação e compreensão da realidade, há de se proceder previamente à delimitação do campo temático do estudo, ou a demarcação da problemática central, a partir do qual será possível decidir pela metodologia mais apropriada. É que sem uma definição adequada da temática, muitas descobertas ditas científicas, porque baseadas apenas em metodologias confiáveis, tornam-se pouco pertinentes e sem sentido de prioridade. Daí por que toda e qualquer produção de conhecimento científico precisa realizar a unidade de duas dimensões principais: a metodológica e a substantiva.
Vivências cotidianas do trabalho informal em Brasília
Authors: Kuyumjian Marcia De M. M. , Mello Maria T. F. Negrão de , Santos Carolina Cassia Batista
Published: June 2019

O reconhecimento da desigualdade como processo de fragilização do sujeito social, que pode impelir a uma situação irreversível de exclusão, alude a posições ocupadas por aqueles que estão fora do sistema formal de trabalho e sinaliza para o risco da aventura fora da estrutura reconhecida, devendo, portanto, ser objeto de investigação com o intento de melhor compreender as redes de interdependência construídas entre os privilegiados, os que se encontram em situação de risco e aqueles estigmatizados pelo isolamento social. Pelo cotejo destas situações díspares torna-se possível avaliar a fronteira entre as posições e as estratégias de confronto com o indesejável.
2D-QSPR Study of Olfactive Thresholds for Pyrazine Derivatives Using DFT and Statistical Methods
Authors: Belhassan Assia , Chtita Samir , Lakhlifi Tahar , Bouachrine Mohammed
Published: June 2019

In this study, we have established two-dimensional quantitative structure propriety relationships (2D-QSPR) model, for a group of 78 molecules based on pyrazine, these molecules were subjected to a 2D-QSPR analyze for their odors thresholds propriety using stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The 35 parameters are calculated for the 78 studied compounds using the Gaussian 09W, ChemOffice and ChemSketch softwares. Quantum chemical calculations are used to calculate electronic and quantum chemical descriptors, using the density functional theory (B3LYP/6-31G (d) DFT) methods.The model was used to predict the odors thresholds propriety of the test and training set compounds, and the statistical results exhibited high internal and external consistency as demonstrated by the validation methods.
Investigation of Carmine Dye Removal by Green Chitin Nanowhiskers Adsorbent
Authors: Meshkat Seyyed Salar , Nasiri Nezhad Mojtaba , Bazmi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2019

A green adsorbent was evaluated to remove the carmine dye. Chitin nanowhiskers were synthesized via acid hydrolyzed method. The diameter of the synthesized chitin whiskers was about 20 nm and had 200 to 400 nm length. The morphology and chemical structure of the synthesized adsorbent were investigated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The adsorption process parameters of the carmine dye removal were optimized as follow: adsorption time (3 h), initial carmine dye solution concentration (100 ppm), mass loaded of the chitin whiskers suspension 1% weight of chitin nanowhiskers, as an adsorbent (1.4 g). The removal efficiency of the carmine dye adsorption was about 85% which is modified 15% better than the previous researches. The results indicated that carmine dye molecules were absorbed by hydrogen bonding mechanism due to the N-H bond in the chitin nanowhiskers structure.
Zebrafish as a Model Organism to Study Nanomaterial Toxicity
Authors: Jeevanandam Jaison , Chan Yen San , Danquah Michael Kobina
Published: June 2019

Recent developments in nanotechnology has increased the market value of nanoproducts in various industries. This has increased concerns associated with potential toxicity of nanoproducts to humans and the environments. Even though, green and biosynthesized nanoparticles are considered to be less toxic than chemically synthesized nanoparticles, they still possess some level of toxicity. Conventional toxicity assessments via human cells, live animals such as rat, frog or rabbit have several drawbacks including ethical issue and challenges involving the maintenance and development of cell cultures. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a transparent vertebrate fish that can reproduce rapidly. Its larvae develop in 5 days up to 3-5 cm long. It also possesses about 69% similar genetic profile, molecular mechanism, cell development and organ physiology as humans. Hence, it has the potential to be utilized as an alternative to humans or live animal models for initial drug screening and toxicity tests. European Union, USFDA and ICH have approved the use of zebrafish for toxicological evaluation of pharmaceutical products including nanomedicines. The article presents for the potential of zebrafish in preclinical evaluation of the toxicity of nanomaterials. It also discusses other potential applications, including medical imaging and environmental toxicity.
A produção e a receita pesqueira como indicadores econômicos da pesca artesanal na Amazônia Central
Authors: Corrêa Maria Angélica de Almeida , Nascimento Sâmea Coelho Bezerra do , Sonoda Daniel Yokoyama , Aguiar Lucirene Souza
Published: June 2019

A pesca artesanal contribui para a economia da Amazônia com grande impacto na geração de emprego e renda, além da garantia de seguranca alimentar a centenas de famílias ribeirinhas. O município de Manaus, situado na mesorregião Centro Amazonense, é o principal porto de desembarque pesqueiro recebendo a produção capturada de diversos ambientes ao longo da calha Solimões-Amazonas. Dados da produção pesqueira referentes aos anos de 2012 e 2013 possibilitaram avaliar os indicadores de receita e produtividade sobre o desempenho econômico da atividade em termos comparativos. Os indicadores apontaram tendências e suposições acerca da economia da pesca, e sua interação com os aspectos relacionados: ambientais, sociais e mercadológicos, além do entendimento sobre a dinâmica da pesca nos ambientes de onde se origina o pescado desembarcado. A redução na quantidade produzida observada entre os anos foi inferior a 1%, o que representou cerca de 10% de dimuinção na receita das pescarias. A variação das espécies desembarcadas, em frequência de ocorrência e volume de produção, explicaram a produtividade e a receita no período, além de indicar a necessidade de estudos e controle sobre quatro categorias de espécies, que responderam por mais de 75% da produção total. Os indicadores de receita e produtividade se apresentaram como uma ferramenta eficiente para a gestão dos recursos pesqueiros a curto prazo.
Consumo de pescado e outros alimentos pela população indígena da aldeia Mapuera, Oriximiná, Pará
Authors: Silva Alex Isaac Wai-Wai da , Junior Charles Hanry Faria
Published: June 2019

O estudo foi realizado na Aldeia Mapuera, Terra Indígena Trombetas, Oriximiná - Pará no ano de 2016 mediante entrevistas realizadas com 32 chefes de famílias, abrangendo 155 habitantes, para diagnosticar o consumo de pescado e outros itens alimentares pela população Indígena. Os dados foram analisados com técnicas da estatística descritiva e regressão linear simples para apresentar o efeito do número de pessoas na família sobre o consumo per capita de alimentos por período sazonal. Foi observada uma divisão nas tarefas entre homens e mulheres, onde os filhos se inserem de acordo com sua faixa etária e gênero, sendo assim o conhecimento repassado entre gerações. A agricultura, coleta de frutos e sementes, caça e pesca provêm o alimento consumido, que tem nível de consumo diferenciado entre os períodos de inverno e verão. Os Wai-Wai utilizam 30 etnoespécies de peixes, uma de crustáceos, uma de quelônios e uma de crocodilianos, capturados com o auxílio de 10 aparelhos de captura, além de diversificados itens derivados da agricultura, coleta e caça. Para o universo amostral, o quantitativo estimado de pescado consumido no período de inverno foi de 10.874,40 kg e de 7.984,14 kg no verão, para os produtos derivados da agricultura e coleta de 9.834,14 kg no inverno e 20.776,06 kg no verão, permitindo estimar que a demanda anual total dos habitantes da Aldeia Mapuera é da ordem de 105.198,48 kg de pescado e 171.170,40 kg de alimentos de origem agrícola e coleta. Apesar desses quantitativos, foi observada uma tendência de menor quantitativo consumido por pessoa para núcleos familiares maiores, e observados relatos de redução de recurso naturais, tendo como motivador o aumento do número de pessoas na aldeia, o que merece investigação para auxiliar no uso sustentável dos recursos naturais e a manutenção do modo de vida e tradição da população Wai-Wai.
Uma proposta metodológica para avaliação de sistemas socioecológicos de manejo de pesca de pequena escala na Amazônia
Authors: Silva-Júnior Urbano Lopes da , Oviedo Antonio Francisco Perrone
Published: June 2019

Este artigo propõe uma abordagem comparativa para a avaliação de sistemas de manejo de pescarias de pequena escala na Amazônia brasileira. Esta abordagem se baseia na estrutura do sistema socioecológico (SES), adotada para explicar as condições necessárias para a sustentabilidade e a cooperação dos usuários na gestão de recursos naturais, como uma alternativa mais adequada às abordagens baseadas apenas em direitos de propriedade ou intervenção governamental. No entanto, os gestores e usuários geralmente não possuem as informações necessárias compiladas e disponíveis para um SES específico, enquanto algumas ações precisam ser tomadas imediatamente. Assim, uma proposta metodológica para avaliação expressa das variáveis do SES pode ser útil para avaliar o desempenho de um sistema socioecológico e indicar ações para promover sua sustentabilidade, afastando-o assim da metáfora da “tragédia dos comuns”. Referências de sustentabilidade socioecológica, insustentabilidade ecológica e insustentabilidade sociocultural baseado nesta metodologia são sugeridas. A adoção de uma estrutura de SES baseada em variáveis chaves pode ser útil para a gestão de sistemas de pesca de pequena escala até que estudos interdisciplinares completos sejam disponibilizados.
Territórios de atenção à saúde: dinâmicas urbanísticas e sociais
Authors: Castro Nádile Juliane Costa de
Published: June 2019

Identifica as dinâmicas da territorialização a partir de um equipamento de saúde. A pesquisa ocorreu na Unidade Saúde da Família situada em um município da Amazônia paraense, participante do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica (PMAQ). Estudo de caso pela proposta qualitativa e de observação participante. Identificou-se que há déficit de infraestrutura urbanística e social no entrono do equipamento de saúde. Há atendimento da população descoberta, entretanto de forma insuficiente em função do déficit de inserção no plano municipal de saúde da área em destaque, resultando em possibilidades de subnotificações de morbidades e problemas socioambientais que podem implicar na saúde do indivíduo.
Sobre os autores / autoras
Authors: Silva Rubens Elias da
Published: June 2019

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Inventing the Communist Party of Lithuania as a Labour Movement. Narratives in Soviet Historiography
Authors: Andrijauskaitė Ugnė Marija
Published: June 2019

This study analyses and shows how the history of the Communist Party of Lithuania (Lietuvos komunistų partija, LKP) was constructed as the history of an organised labour movement in Soviet historiography. Most studies on Lithuanian workers and labour unions written between 1960 and 1988 searched for connections between the LKP and the labour movement, analysed the impact of the LKP on the workers and unions, and sometimes used the terms ‘workers’ or ‘labouring men’ as synonyms for members of the LKP. According to Soviet Lithuanian historians, labour unions, strikes, workers, and the whole organised labour movement that sympathised with Moscow, helped to gain influence among the citizens of Lithuania prior to the occupation in 1940.

Because the labour history of Soviet Lithuania was tied to the history of the Lithuanian Communist Party, it is still hard to draw a line between the history of the workers and the history of the LKP, since the studies on workers, the labour movement and the history of the LKP written during Soviet times are treated as a product of the ideology. It is argued that Soviet Lithuanian labour history must be properly reviewed in order to reevaluate its relationship with contemporary historiography and today’s perception of the labour movement itself.
Soviet Consumer Goods Advertising: Propaganda and Consumption in the 1950S–1980S in Lithuania
Authors: Tranavičiūtė Brigita
Published: June 2019

This article presents an analysis of Soviet consumer advertising as a means of Soviet propaganda in order to form a public consumer culture. Material from Soviet advertising institutions in Lithuania, creators of advertisements from the second half of the 20th century, and archival and published sources, has been used to achieve this aim. In order to show the propaganda goal of Soviet advertising, periodical publications from the period have also been analysed. Based on socialist propaganda arguments formulated in various sources, the author conducts an analysis of the functions of Soviet advertising and a comparative analysis of Soviet and Western advertising in the article. After defining the functions of Soviet advertising, one of the aims of this article is to determine the influence of Soviet advertising on the formation of Soviet consumer culture.
The Making of the Titular Nation Engineers in Soviet Lithuania and Latvia (From the end of the 1940S to the MID-1950S)
Authors: Grybkauskas Saulius
Published: June 2019

The goals of this article are: 1) to examine the factors that formed the group of Lithuanian engineers compared with the case of Soviet Latvia, and to show what reasons determined the interests of the related historical geopolitical, republic government and institutions of higher education; and 2) to show the significance of training ‘excess’ Lithuanian engineers in the Soviet Lithuanian government’s policy of korenizatsiya (the promotion of members of the titular nation for their careers). The article states that the system that formed in Soviet Lithuania due to the historical geopolitical circumstances, albeit briefly, whereby two universities, in Vilnius and Kaunas, existed until 1950, was exceptionally favourable for the korenizatsiya of specialists compared to other Soviet republics, and the education of titular nation engineers. The ‘excess’ contingent of engineers trained in the republic’s institutions of higher education formed the basis of Lithuanian specialists that allowed the leaders of Soviet Lithuania to send Russian-speaking cadres away from the republic and ensure the korenizatsiya of national cadres.
Uji Kadar Anti-HBs pada Balita Penerima Imunisasi Dasar
Authors: Gunawan Lucia Sincu , Herawati Ratna
Published: June 2019

Hepatitis B merupakan masalah kesehatan global, diperkirakan sekitar 2 miliar penduduk dunia pernah terpapar virus Hepatitis B (HBV). Angka prevalensi infeksi HBV di Asia Pasifik cukup tinggi, yaitu melebihi 8% dan penularannya umumnya terjadi secara vertikal (pada periode perinatal) dan horizontal (pada masa anak-anak) sehingga risiko menjadi infeksi yang kronis menjadi cukup besar. Pencegahan dengan vaksinasi merupakan strategi terpenting untukmenurunkan risiko infeksi virus hepatitis B kronis dan komplikasinya. Antibodi anti-HBs berdasarkan pengukuran antibodi Anti HBs secara in vitro dengan menggunakan test diagnostik laboratorium secara imunologis. Titer antibodi hepatitis B ini dikatakan protektif bila titernya lebih dari 10mIU/ml.

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar anti-HBs secara semi kuantitatif pada anak balita penerima imunisasi dasar yang lengkap, menggunakan rapid test dan dilakukan pengenceran pada serum dengan serokonversi positif.

Diperoleh serum dari 23 balita yang memenuhi syarat dan dari hasil pemeriksaan anti-HBs didapatkan 20 anak (87%) dengan serokonversi positif dan 3 anak (13%) dengan serokonversi negatif. Untuk serum dengan serokonversi positif, maka selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan serum dengan pengenceran, hasilnya 4 sampel (20%) negatif pada pengenceran 1:2, 3 sampel (15%) positif sampai pengenceran 1:2 saja, 5 sampel (25%) positif sampai pada pengenceran 1:4, 4 sampel (20%) positif pada pengenceran 1:6, 2 sampel(10%) positif pada pengenceran 1:8 dan 2 sampel (10%) tetap positif pada pengenceran 1:10.
Analisis Vegetasi Mangrove (Rhizophora) di Pesisir Pantai Pulau Menjangan Besar Karimunjawa
Authors: Susilo Susilo
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penyebaran dan vegetasi mangrove yang dominan di pesisir pantai dan Tracking Mangrove di Pulau Menjangan Besar, Karimunjawa. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017. Analisis profil vegetasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Pendidikan Biologi FKIP UHAMKA. Penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif menggunakan metode eksplorasi non desdruktif dengan teknik Sampling Acak Sederhana (simple random sampling). Hasil penelitian diperoleh 5 jenis mangrove pada stasiun tracking mangrove, dan 10 jenis pada stasiun Menjangan Besar. Spesies yang mendominasi baik di Pulau Menjangan Besar maupun di Tracking Mangrove adalah Rhizhopora mucronata, dan Rhizhopora stylosa. Spesies lain yang ditemukan selain kedua spesies diatas yaitu Rhizhoporaceriops tagal dan Rhizhopora apiculata. Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) yang tertinggi untuk tingkat tiang ditemukan pada spesies Rhyzophora stylosa dengan nilai INP 300% di kedua tempat tersebut. Pola penyebaran spesies di area Tracking Mangrove adalah seragam (Indeks Dispersi Morosita 0-4), sedangkan di area Pulau Menjangan Besar adalah mengelompok (Indeks Dispersi Morosita 0-8). Untuk Indeks Kemiripan Komunitas berkisar 0%-200% yang tersebar di setiap stasiun di setiap tingkatnya, dengan demikian dikatakan bahwa masing-masing stasiun pada setiap tingkat komunitas mangrove memiliki struktur yang sama antara stasiun satu dengan stasiun lainnya.
Strengthening the Research Base That Informs STEM Instructional Improvement Efforts: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lynch Kathleen , Hill Heather C. , Gonzalez Kathryn E. , Pollard Cynthia
Published: June 2019

We present results from a meta-analysis of 95 experimental and quasi-experimental pre-K–12 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professional development and curriculum programs, seeking to understand what content, activities, and formats relate to stronger student outcomes. Across rigorously conducted studies, we found an average weighted impact estimate of +0.21 standard deviations. Programs saw stronger outcomes when they helped teachers learn to use curriculum materials; focused on improving teachers’ content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and/or understanding of how students learn; incorporated summer workshops; and included teacher meetings to troubleshoot and discuss classroom implementation. We discuss implications for policy and practice.
School Performance, Accountability, and Waiver Reforms: Evidence From Louisiana
Authors: Dee Thomas S. , Dizon-Ross Elise
Published: June 2019

States that receive federal waivers to the No Child Left Behind Act were required to implement reforms in designated “Focus Schools” that contribute to achievement gaps. We examine the performance effects of such “differentiated accountability” reforms in Louisiana. These Focus School reforms emphasized school-needs assessments and aligned technical assistance. These reforms may have also been uniquely high-powered because they were linked to a letter-based school-rating system. We examine the impact of these reforms in a sharp regression-discontinuity (RD) design. We find that, over each of 3 years, Louisiana’s Focus School reforms had no measurable impact on school performance. We discuss evidence that these findings reflect policy reform fatigue and poor quality of implementation at the state and local level.
Training through i-Maths to potentiate specific cognitive domain performance scores in young kids
Authors: Zahediannasb Roohollah , Hosseini Maryam , Yahyavi Seyyedeh Saeedeh , Kamali Ali-Mohammad , Tahamtan Mahshid , Kamelmanesh Mohammad-Mojtaba , Nami Mohammad
Published: June 2019

Our findings suggest that
learning mathematical concepts through i-Maths leaves favorable outcomes in
distinct cognitive performance domains in young kids. Further research would
need to unravel neurodynamics involved in such improvements.
Ảnh hưởng của giới tính tới ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên Hà Nội
Authors: Le Duy Thang  , Trang Nguyen Thi Kieu , Nhi Tạ Thị Lâm
Published: June 2019

Nghiên cứu tìm hiểu ảnh hưởng của giới tính tới ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên Hà Nội do các bạn sinh viên trường Đại học Ngoại thương thực hiện. Nghiên cứu tham gia xét duyệt giải thưởng Sinh viên nghiên cứu khoa học năm 2019, Đại học Ngoại thương.
Is Brain Connectome Research the Future Frontier for Subjective Cognitive Decline? A Systematic Review
Authors: Lazarou Ioulietta , Nikolopoulos Spiros , Dimitriadis Stavros , Kompatsiaris Ioannis , Spylioti Martha , Tsolaki Magda
Published: June 2019

Objective: We performed a systematic literature review on Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) in order to examine whether the resemblance of brain connectome and functional connectivity (FC) alterations in SCD with respect to MCI, AD and HC can help us draw conclusions on the progression of SCD to more advanced stages of dementia.Methods: We searched for studies that used any neuroimaging tool to investigate potential differences of brain connectome in SCD with respect to HC, MCI, and AD.Results: Sixteen studies were finally included in the review. Apparent FC connections and disruptions were observed in the white matter, default mode and gray matter networks in SCD with regards to HC, MCI, and AD. Interestingly, more apparent connections in SCD were located over the posterior regions, while an increase of FC over anterior regions was observed as the disease progressed. Conclusions: Elders with SCD present a significant disruption of the brain network, which in most of the cases is worse than HC across multiple network parameters. Significance: The present review provides comprehensive and balanced coverage of a timely target research activity around SCD and the design of network-based biomarkers for the accurate detection of SCD.
Nilai Tubuh Perempuan dalam Konteks Sosial
Authors: Azalea Fariha
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini menelaah beberapa kajian terkait perempuan dan tubuh untuk membahas nilai tubuh perempuan dalam konteks sosial berdasarkan analisis sosiologis.
Medoid-based shadow value validation and visualization
Authors: Budiaji Weksi
Published: June 2019

A silhouette index is a well-known measure of an internal criteria validation for the clustering algorithm results. While it is a medoid-based validation index, a centroid-based validation index that is called a centroid-based shadow value (CSV) has been developed. Although both are similar, the CSV has an additional unique property where an image of a 2-dimensional neighborhood graph is possible. A new internal validation index is proposed in this article in order to create a medoid-based validation that has an ability to visualize the results in a 2-dimensional plot. The proposed index behaves similarly to the silhouette index and produces a network visualization, which is comparable to the neighborhood graph of the CSV. The network visualization has a multiplicative parameter (c) to adjust its edges visibility. Due to the medoid-based, in addition, it is more an appropriate visualization technique for any type of data than a neighborhood graph of the CSV.
Transdiagnostic associations across communication, cognitive, and behavioural problems in a developmentally at-risk population: a network approach
Authors: Mareva Silvana , Team the CALM , Holmes Joni
Published: June 2019

Background: Communication, behavioural, and executive function problems often co-occur in childhood. Previous attempts to identify the origins of these comorbidities have typically relied on comparisons of different deficit groups and/or latent variable models. Here we apply a network approach to a heterogeneous sample of struggling learners to conceptualise these comorbidities as a dynamic system of interacting difficulties.Methods: 714 children struggling with attention, learning, and/or memory were included. The sample consisted of children with both diagnosed (41%) and undiagnosed difficulties. The conditional independence network of parent ratings of everyday behaviour, cognition, and communication was estimated.Results: A clustering coefficient identified four areas of difficulty: (1) structural language and learning; (2) pragmatics and peer relationships; (3) behavioural and emotional problems; and (4) cognitive skills. Emotional and behavioural symptoms shared multiple direct connections with pragmatic abilities and cognitive problems, but not with structural language skills or learning problems. Poor structural language and cognitive skills were associated with learning problems. Centrality indices highlighted working memory and language coherence as symptoms bridging different problem areas. Conclusions: The network model identified four areas of difficulty and potential bridging symptoms. Although the current analytic framework does not provide causal evidence, it is possible that bridging symptoms may be the origins of comorbidities observed on a dimensional level; problems in these areas may cascade and activate problems in other areas of the network. The potential value of applying dynamic systems network approach to symptoms of developmental disorders is discussed.
Evidence for the Existence of Emotion Dispositions and the Effects of Appraisal Bias
Authors: Scherer Klaus R.
Published: June 2019

The concept of emotion disposition is proposed as an important dimension of individual differences. It refers to a stable tendency to experience certain emotions more or less frequently or intensely than the majority of other people for similar classes of situations or events in daily experience. In contrast to classic “trait affect” traditions, the theoretical framework described here proposes a specific causal mechanism, appraisal bias, that is, the evaluation of events or situations in an unrealistic, biased fashion. A classic example is a bias toward internal versus external causal attribution. It is suggested that such biases can occur for virtually all appraisal criteria (e.g., novelty/expectedness, (un)pleasantness, goal conduciveness/obstruction, causation, control, power, and norm compatibility), creating a disposition to more frequently experience specific emotions. These emotions may eventually result in the development of affective disorders. Two studies are herein reported: (a) the investigation of an emotion disposition assessment instrument administered to several thousand adults in personnel assessment contexts (N = 3,012), demonstrating the existence and intensity of emotion dispositions and identifying potential correlates; and (b) a representative survey panel study (N = 190) in which an updated version of the instrument was used to assess both emotion dispositions and appraisal biases, allowing analysis of the relationships between them (in addition to examining the effect of correlates). The results confirm the viability of the concept and of the scenario method used for the assessment and provide leads for further research, particularly in the areas of emotional competence and affective disorders.
The acute-chronic workload ratio-injury figure and its ‘sweet spot’ are flawed
Authors: Impellizzeri Franco Milko , Wookcock Stephen , McCall Alan , Ward Patrick , Coutts Aaron J.
Published: June 2019

Request of retraction or errata corrige (submitted to the British Journal of Sports Medicine) of the ACWR-likelihood of injury model proposed in two editorials by Blanch and Gabbett (2016) and by Gabbett (2016). The letter highlights the methodological errors making this figure (model) unreliable. According to the COPE criteria, we required a corrective action to avoid further popularisation of this flawed figure also published in the IOC consensus on training load (Soligard et al. 2016) where it was presented as a validated model.
Population Aging in Canada: What Life Cycle Deficit Age Profiles Are Telling Us about Living Standards
Authors: Mérette Marcel , Navaux Julien
Published: June 2019

In this article, we develop a new longitudinal dataset for Canada based on the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) methodology. The NTA constitute a micro–macro linkage methodology that provides a complete picture of economic flows by age and measures the way in which individuals produce, consume, save, and share resources at each age on a retrospective basis. In this article, we introduce the NTA and evidence their link with micro–macro methodologies. Then, we provide for the first time individual age consumption and labour income profiles in Canada for the period between 1998 and 2013. The longitudinal dimension of the study sheds light on how the gap between consumption and labour income has changed over that period and raises questions about the future of living standards in Canada.
FEATURES OF POLYMER SOLUTION FLOW IN THE POROUS-FRACTURED RESERVOIR
Authors: Pohrebniak A. V. , Perkun I. V. , Pohrebniak V. H.
Published: June 2019

This article presents the results of numerical flow simulation of simple and viscoelastic (polymer solution) fluids through a crack by using polymer solutions for enhanced oil recovery from the reservoir. The determined regularities of viscoelastic (polymer solution) liquid behavior with longitudinal velocity gradient and manifested in this case elastic deformations effects have a decisive meaning in the understanding of the mechanism "anomalously" high oil recovery ability from the reservoir by using water-polymer flooding of the porous-fractured reservoir. Understanding the nature of increased oil recovery with the use of polymer solutions will lead to the development of recommendations on the choice of regimes of water-polymer flooding of the porous-fractured reservoir.
IMPROVEMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT OIL AND GAS OBJECT TERRITORIES BY INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF WATER FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
Authors: Voloshenko О. M. , Pohrebniak V. H. , Kulyk M. P. , Pohrebniak A. V. , Shkolnyi M. P. , Perkun I. V.
Published: June 2019

An analysis of working conditions of rescue service and operational personnel during a fire has been conducted, when open fire is one of the dangerous factors, especially at the oil and gas object territories. It is also considered to be quite an important environmental factor, which under certain circumstances leads not only to deterioration of working conditions of operational personnel at a particular facility, but also to severe environmental pollution. This is especially true of firefighters, rescuers and other civil protection workers who are subjected to harmful effects of high temperature, thermal radiation, as well as hazardous combustion products while eliminating emergency situations. Improvement of working conditions during emergency rescue operations can be achieved by reducing their conduct time, as well as by increasing a distance between a rescuer and ignition point. This can be achieved by using fire extinguishing solutions with additives of surface active agents and polymers in fire suppression systems. These substances are introduced into fire hoses and pipelines, which allows to increase the expense of extinguishing solution, flow range from the jet nozzle and reduce duration of fire suppression operation. The laboratory conducted experiments allowed to select a specific polymer - polyethylene oxide, its molecular weight and solution concentration, which provides the maximum possible reduction of hydraulic resistance in a fire hose and a jet nozzle.
Fatigue crack detection method using analysis of vibration signal
Authors: Rychlik Arkadiusz , Ligier Krzysztof
Published: June 2019

This paper discusses the method used to identify the process involving fatigue cracking of samples on the basis of selected vibration signal characteristics. Acceleration of vibrations has been chosen as a diagnostic signal in the analysis of sample cross section. Signal characteristics in form of change in vibration amplitudes and corresponding changes in FFT spectrum have been indicated for the acceleration. The tests were performed on a designed setup, where destruction process was caused by the force of inertia of the sample. Based on the conducted tests, it was found that the demonstrated sample structure change identification method may be applied to identify the technical condition of the structure in the aspect of loss of its continuity and its properties (e.g.: mechanical and fatigue cracks). The vibration analysis results have been verified by penetration and visual methods, using a scanning electron microscope.