bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of ATMega 2560 Based Trainer in Supporting the Learning Process in the Faculty of Engineering State University of Makassar
Authors: Jamaluddin  , Syam H , Rahman K
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine the student’s response and the application effectiveness of ATMega 2560-based microcontroller trainers in supporting the agricultural robotics learning in the Faculty of Engineering, State University of Makassar. This study was a research and development study using ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) approach. The student’s response to the application of ATMega 2560-based microcontroller trainers was collected using questionnaires. The samples size of students in this study were 30 students from the Faculty of Engineering, Makassar State University. Information on the application effectiveness of ATMega 2560-based microcontroller trainers was collected from the observations results of learning outcomes, which were conducted through pre-test and post-test. The analysis results on the student’s response showed an average result of 3.65, which means that they were in a good category. The average results of the pre-test and post-test obtained for the analysis of effectiveness were 60.55 and 83.50, respectively. This showed an increase in student learning outcomes which were above the minimum standard and were in a good category. The application of ATMega 2560-based microcontroller trainers received a good response from students and was effective in supporting the agricultural robotics learning in Faculty of Engineering, State University of Makassar.
Landslide Mitigation of Banjir Kanal Semarang, with Grouting Method
Authors: Ansosry  , Rahman H.A. , Ramadhan F. R.
Published: December 2019

Indonesia is aprone’s country to the occurrence of mass movements. These disasters often occur in various regions, especially during the winter. Banjir Kanal is one of the locations of landslides from the observation in the field, the type of ground motion that occurs in the research area such as slump, it caused by the intense weathering of rocks and triggered by a condition of ground water level, Vibration, and human activities. Soil material at the research area such as claystone as the original soil and sandy clay stone as fill soil. The soil conditions and slope angle that very steep about 60 degree is a factors causing mass movement. The purpose of this research to determine the type of ground motion, causes and triggers of mass movement at the research area, and to know the success level of grouting methods to overcome them. The research method that used is descriptive method and experimental methods. Slope stability analysis used by the Fellenius method that calculated to determine the value of safety factor (Fs) at the study site. Based on the results of such simulations could be seen that after the implementation of grouting, soil cohesion increased.
Optimization of Digging and Loading Equipment and Hauling for Overburden Production with Quality Capacity Methods and Queing Methods in East Pit, August 2017 Period Pt. Artamulia Tata Pratama, Site Tanjung Belit, Bungo, Jambi
Authors: Gusman M , Asri Y , Prengki I
Published: December 2019

In the mining process, the availability of dump truck equipment and loading equipment will determine the sustainability of production which has an impact on productivity and efficiency. The purpose of this study is to optimize production on stripping the overburden using the queuing method, match factor. The location of the study was conducted at PT. Artamulia Tata Pratama, Tanjung Belit, site Bungo, Jambi in August 2017 – September 2017. The loading equipment used is the PC 1250 Komatsu Excavator and the Komatsu HD 465-7 dump truck. The simulation results of the number of dump trucks needed based on production capacity is 17 units while based on queuing theory there are 17 units. Where the actual dump trucks used were 19 units.
Augmented Interactive Wall as a Technology-based Art Learning Media
Authors: Nugrahani R , Wibawanto W , Nazam R , Syakir  , Supatmo
Published: December 2019

Art plays an important role in stimulating the development of the individual right brain. Art learning can improve the intelligence of individual expression, increasing sensitivity and concentration, and fostering brilliant creativity. Formal education institutions in Indonesia have not provided an appropriate portion for art learning. This causes the development of visual art in Indonesia tends to be slow and hampered. This research will reveal the potential of the Augmented Interactive Wall as a medium for expressing ideas using digital technology. This is qualitative research using observation and interviews to obtain data. The result shows that collaboration between technology and art will produce innovations that will help individuals to explore and express their ideas better, and bring them into various forms of physical, social and cultural interactions.
The Utilization of YouTube Media in Learning Antropology in Higher Education
Authors: Purnamasari I , Hafnita S D
Published: December 2019

Ethnic and cultural diversity in Indonesia has become a teaching material in studying Anthropology at university. But the changes that occur in Disruption Era resulted the warning of cultural elements in certain of ethnic groups. YouTube is a media that able to display various cultural videos that still exist. Utilization of YouTube as an Anthropology Learning Media makes it easy for students to access and study cultural elements in one ethnic group. The method that used in this study is descriptive quantitative using a questionnaire as a research instrument. A sample is about 60 students with a population of 100 students from the Faculty of Social Sciences. Data collection techniques is using a linkert scale.

Based on the data that obtained from the respondents, it shows that the level of student satisfaction in using YouTube as a Learning Media is very high at 50% very interesting, 25% interesting, 16,67% quite interesting, 8,33% less interesting.
The Application Of Cooperative Learning Methods In The Developing And Analyzing The Quality Of An Educational Game
Authors: Novian D , Dwinanto A , Mulyanto A
Published: December 2019

The purposes of this study were: (1) to develop an educational game application on the basic programming material, and (2) to reveal the quality of the developed educational game application. This research methodology was research and development. The results of this research were as follows. (1) The educational game application was developed using the Codeigniter framework and consisted of the main feature to evaluate students’ learning cooperatively by dividing students into teams, playing games, following tournaments among teams, and recognition of teams. (2) The test results showed that the developed educational game application met the ISO/IEC 25010 standards on (a) functional suitability aspect, which worked 100% and had X = 1; (b) performance efficiency, which could load web pages within 2.76 seconds, PageSpeed’s performance of 91% (grade A) and YSlow of 93% (grade A); (c) usability, with the percentage of SMKN 1 Limboto being 89.12% and SMKN 1 Gorontalo 88.18%; (d) security, with the vulnerability to attack level being at level 1 (low); (e) reliability, with the result of successful session criteria, hits and pages by 100%; (f) maintainability, which had the maintainability index value of 92.26; (g) portability, which successfully ran on four different desktop and mobile browsers.
Development of Listening Comprehension Model by Using You tube for English Students
Authors: Ismail Syofianis , Zaim M. , Mukhaiyar  , Gistituati Nurhizrah
Published: December 2019

Learning a foreign language by using social media is getting important because it has great potential to support student-centered learning, as it is flexible, interactive, and content–rich in nature. This research was aimed to develop an Englishlistening comprehension model by using Social Media You tube. A Research and Development methodology ADDIE was used: analyzing students’ and teachers’ needs, designing a new learning materials, Developing material, Implementing it in a group, and evaluating the existing learning materials, validating the learning materials by experts, revising learning materials, trying out the learning materials, and revising learning materials. It was found that the existing learning materials were not appropriate for the students’ characteristics and were not organized in a systematic way. Students and lecturers indicated that they appreciated enjoyable English language learning materials such as songs, stories and games using You Tube. Based on these findings a new model for developing materials was developed for English Listening Comprehension Program at the Islamic University of Riau.
Effectiveness of physical fitness model with game approach in improving physical fitness of students at gajah mada elementary school in medan.
Authors: Nurkadri  , Valianto Budi , Novita
Published: December 2019

This study to explore the effectiveness of a game-based physical fitness activity model in improving the physical fitness of students in Gajah Mada elementary school at Medan. The game-based physical fitness activity model as the alternative model for sport teacher to increasing desire of students to perform various forms of physical activity as stimulus to increase in cardiorespiratory strength, strength, endurance and flexibility. This study uses a pre-experimental approach methodology in the form of one group pre-test and post-test design, this fact has suported antusiasem of elementary school students during folow the model movemed. To analyse the results of the pre-test and post-test using statistical methods (t-test) to find out the significance effect. Furthermore, the results of this study show that the results of the average value of the post-test are greater than the average value of the pre-test. Thus, it was stated that the physical fitness activity model of students in elementary school at Gajah Mada Medan is effective for use in improving learning outcomes and increasing forms of physical activity as well as cardiorespiratory endurance, strength, endurance and determination of elementary school students.
Influence Of the Simulation Program Methods to the Students Learning Outcomes on the Subject Of the Microcontroller System
Authors: Edidas
Published: December 2019

This study aims to see the effect of program simulation methods on the learning outcomes of microcontroller systems. The microcontroller program simulation method is done in two ways, namely through hardware assembly and software assembly. Simulation through hardware devices using triner kits, while simulating through software use Proteus application software. This type of research is a quasi-experimental. The research design uses nonequivalent control group design techniques. The sample group is not randomly selected but is chosen based on the class that is already in the lecture. Learning outcomes variable (Y) while program simulation method (X). The research data analysis was carried out with Variance Analysis (ANOVA) to see the effect of the program simulation method on the learning outcomes of the microcontroller system.
Preliminary Research Development Meta-Inquiry Learning Model in the Numbers Theory Course
Authors: Harahap S D , Fauzan A , Elizar  , Arnawa I M
Published: December 2019

The independence of process is very important in the university, students are required to actively read, search, and analyze a problem independently. The purpose of this study was to analyze the preliminary needs of the research on the development of the meta-inquiry learning model in numerical theory, the research method used was descriptive, the results of the study were in the form of an analysis of student characteristics and objectives of the lecture material, a description of the literature needed, and a draft conceptual framework which underlies a study that is considered a supporter in the lecture process.
Developing of Mathematical Learning Devices Based on the Local Wisdom of the Bolaang Mongondow for Elementary School
Authors: Domu Ichdar , Mangelep Navel Oktaviandy
Published: December 2019

This study aims to develop valid, practical and effective mathematics learning tools based on local wisdom of Bolaang Mongondow using PMRI approach. The method used is the development research method which includes the stages of analysis, design and evaluation. Data collection techniques in the form of documentation, walk through, tests, observations, and interviews. Data analysis techniques used qualitative descriptive data analysis. The results obtained are in the form of a valid and practical learning device prototype. Validity is fulfilled qualitatively. Whereas, the practicality shown by experts stated that the developed prototype could be applied to elementary students. Apart from that according to the one to one and small group stages, students can use learning tools well. From observations of student learning activities, the results of student answers, it can be seen that the prototype developed has a potential effect to improve students’ mathematical abilities.
RME Approach and Mind Map Methode to Enhance Mathematical Cognition of Elementary School Students
Authors: Ilmi Rahmatul , Bentri Alwen
Published: December 2019

Early mathematics achievement has been found to be important for later mathematical development. Intelligence and other cognitive factors typically explain no more than half of the variability in mathematical variation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying a Realistic Mathematics Education approach and mind map method to enhance mathematic cognitive at elementary school students. The participants were recruited from elementary schools in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The constant comparative and grounded theory techniques were used for data analysis. The theoretical contribution of this study is a very detailed diagnosis of increasing at mathematical cognition resulting in a profile rather than in a single score. Practically, this profile enabled efficient intervention that resulted in students’ high mathematical cognition and achievement in students’ learning achievement.
Ethnomathematics: Formal Mathematics Milestones for Primary Education
Authors: Budiarto Mega Teguh , Artiono Rudianto , Setianingsih Rini
Published: December 2019

Ethnomatematics is a study of the different ways in which people solve mathematical problems and practical algorithms based on their perspectives. This study refers to various forms of mathematics as consequences which are embedded in cultural activities. Meanwhile, culture-based mathematics learning is one way that is perceived to make meaningful and contextual mathematical learning highly related to the cultural community and will be applied later in harmony with that community, as well as interesting and enjoyable learning. If this is done habituation from an early age will build the character of students. The researcher proposes possibilities for ethnomatematics to enggage the curriculum and have a relatively similar role in formal mathematics, namely; (1) substitute for school mathematics; (2) supply for school mathematics; (3) milestones into school mathematics: (4) motivation for school mathematics and (5) as a local content of school mathematics and scheme to develop student’s character.
Exploring Flipped Learning in Elementary Linear Algebra Class
Authors: Dassa Awi , Khuluq Muhammad Husnul , Assagaf Said Fachry
Published: December 2019

This preliminary study is conducted to observe how flipped learning could be used in teaching the subject of elementary linear algebra in campus. The study is descriptive explorative using video and direct observations as the main data collection techniques. Forty students and a lecturer attending a blended-based elementary linear algebra class set in flipped learning mode were involved as the subjects. The data were analysed to gain insights on how it would be best to conduct the flipped learning, and to see how it helps the students and the lecturer during the class sessions. The results showed that the flipped learning made the class very dynamic. The online session is also helpful in students’ learning accelerations in procedural contents and on providing more opportunity for lecturer to simulate students’ higher order thinking during the offline sessions.
Modified For The Pascal Triangle Multinomial
Authors: Rosha Media , Arnellis
Published: December 2019

Newton’s Binomial Theorem applied at the rate of 2 with the formula:

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Problems in algebra are not limited binomial. Binomial only is not enough, so that multinomial is necessary. Multinomial Theorem has the formula:

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The use of theorem in binomial problem is less practical so that Pascal Triangle is prefered, for easier use Pascal’s Triangle. Solution of Triangle with the theorem multinomial problem more complicated. By analyzing multinomial through binomial form, can be obtained from modification that allows the Pascal triangle. The focus of the discussion is to determine Pascal Modified Triangular shape of a multinomial. This basic research using descriptive method, by analyzing the relevant theory is based on the study of literature. The results obtained are Modified Pascal’s Triangle, which facilitates the work in the multinomial.
Retraction: Experimental diagnostics of the flow downstream the gas turbine premixer using planar optical methods (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1382 012005)
Authors: Chikishev L M , Dulin V M , Lobasov A S , Sharaborin D K , Savitskii A G , Tsatiashvili V V , Nazukin V A
Published: December 2019

This paper was retracted by IOP Publishing on 03 December 2019. This paper was published due to a technical error and was not intended to be included in this journal.

Retraction published: 03 December 2019.
Environmental Geochemistry of Heavy Metals and Plagioclase Background Enrichment Factor in Coastal Sediments at Lumpue - Parepare, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Tongggiroh A , Imran A M , Haerany S
Published: December 2019

Lumpue Beach is an urban area in Parepare Bay with a harbour, tourism, and a landfill site. The purpose of this research was to determine the provenance, level and distribution of heavy metals in coastal sediments. Surface sediment samples were analysed for grain size, mineragraphy, petrography and total heavy metal content (Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Fe). The minimum-maximum background enrichment factor (EF) range was calculated from the plagioclase mineral content of trachyte porphyry and andesite. Weathering alteration was quite high in trachyte porphyry rocks; andesite mineragraphy produced predominantly sedimentary plagioclase (25-45%), hornblende (10-40%), and rock fragments (40-45%). The grab sampling method produced samples dominated by plagioclase (30-50%), hornblende (15-40%) and alkaline chemical conditions were important in Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Cu enrichment. Enrichment of heavy metals was supported by the mesokurtic-very leptokurtic dynamic sorting characteristics of Lumpue beach, becoming very leptokurtic - platykurtic to the north (Parepare Bay). The enrichment factor (EF) of Pb > 1 was calculated from the concentration of various non-earth sources. The order of heavy metal concentration based on EF 0.5 ≤ EF ≤ 1.5 was Pb> Zn> Cr> Fe> Cu> Ni, with Cu ≤ 0.5, indicating heterogeneous heavy metal sources correlated with urban area, river and ultrabasic regional lithology, with Trachyte-andesite alteration, especially enrichment in heavy metals Ni, Cr, Cu. Index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) was in the ranges: uncontaminated to heavily contaminated for Fe; uncontaminated to moderately contaminated for Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr and Cd; and uncontaminated for Pb. The intensity of heavy metal contamination followed the direction of sedimentation from various sources. Euclidian Cluster distance showed heavy metal distribution patterns correlated with rivers passing through urban areas and with regional geological lithology.
Participatory mapping and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images for developing village level coastal geoinformation
Authors: Nurdin N , Inaku D F , Rasyid A R , Jalil A R , Alimuddin A , Agus  , Akbar As M , Azizi S Q Al
Published: December 2019

Village maps can provide geospatial data and information that would enable them to become an important instrument in regional development planning. The purpose of this study was to produce geospatial data and information on coastal village resources based on the Indonesian Geographic Information Agency (BIG) reference guidelines. The study was conducted in Langnga Village, Mattiro Sompe District, Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This research used raster and vector data. Raster data consisted of high-resolution images obtained from Unmanned Areal Vehicles. The ground truthing used open access applications and interviews with the community. The licensed Arc.GIS 10.5 software was used for the spatial analysis. The dominant land cover/land use categories were aquaculture ponds and rice fields. These areas have historically undergone a dynamic change of land use from rice fields to ponds and back again. Other land uses were settlements inhabited by farmers and fishermen. White sand beaches are one potential resource in this villages, but they are prone to abrasion. The spatial information contained in the village resource and boundary map can be considered as a breakthrough step and could become a pilot for other villages to follow.
Mapping distribution patterns of skipjack tuna during January-May in the Makassar Strait
Authors: Zainuddin M , Amir M I , Bone A , Farhum S A , Hidayat R , Putri A R S , Mallawa A , Safruddin  , Ridwan M
Published: December 2019

Skipjack tuna is an important fishery species, targeted by purse seine and handline fisheries in Makassar Strait. Fish distribution patterns are markedly influenced by several underlying oceanographic factors. This study aimed to assess the relationship between skipjack CPUE and some oceanographic variables, and map out the distribution pattern of this fish in the study area during January-May 2018. To meet these objectives, we combined satellite data of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a) with catch data. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) to explore skipjack abundance in relation to the oceanographic conditions and we employed the gravity centre of fishing ground movements to map the fish distribution pattern. Results indicate that SST and chl-a significantly influenced skipjack tuna CPUE. The fish schools were mostly located in the eastern Makassar Strait. In January skipjack schools were initially in Majene offshore waters and moved to Mamuju waters in February. The skipjack schools returned to the border area between Polman and Majene waters in March and then made a continuous migratory journey to the south-western areas of Barru and Pare-pare offshore waters in April. In May, the skipjack tuna returned to concentrate in southern areas of Majene waters. We proposed that the fish schools followed a clock-wise distribution movement pattern where the habitat displacements may have a link with the dynamic ranges of preferred oceanographic conditions (habitat hotspots). It is likely that these areas provide good feeding opportunities for skipjack tuna.
Preliminary note on the morphological characters of penja (amphidromous goby postlarvae) in West Sulawesi and Gorontalo Bay
Authors: Nurjirana  , Haris A , Sahami F M , Keith P , Burhanuddin A I
Published: December 2019

Penja is the local name for the postlarvae of fish belonging to the Gobioidei, whose appearance at certain times is an amphidromous migration process from the sea to rivers. This group of fish is generally referred to as amphidromous gobies. This study aimed to reveal some facts related to the species diversity of penja based on morphological characteristics. The study was conducted from October 2017 to March 2019 in West Sulawesi and Gorontalo Bay, Indonesia. Amphidromous goby samples at the penja (postlarval) stage were obtained from fishermen’s catches and from traditional markets in each location. The samples obtained were measured and described based on morphological differences. The total length of the sampled penja ranged from 18 mm to 58 mm. All penja were identified as belonging to one of two families, the Gobiidae and Eleotridae. Although the species obtained from the waters of West Sulawesi and Gorontalo Bay were similar, there were variations in species composition (relative abundance) based on observed morphology of penja postlarvae from these two locations.
Effect of oceanographic conditions on skipjack tuna catches from FAD versus free-swimming school fishing in the Makassar Strait
Authors: Putri A R S , Zainuddin M , Musbir M , Mustapha M A , Hidayat R
Published: December 2019

Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) have become the preferred choice in skipjack tuna fisheries rather than looking for free-swimming schools (FSS) which is considered less effective. This study aimed to identify the effect of oceanographic conditions on skipjack tuna catches in the FADs versus free-swimming schools in the Makassar Strait. We collected fishing data from vessels using purse seine fishing gear and satellite-based oceanographic data (Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (chl-a)) from May to July 2017. The satellite and catch data were analysed using a Generalized Additive Model implemented in R and mapped using Spatial Analyst in ArcGIS 10.6. The results showed that SST ranges in the FAD areas were relatively wider (29 – 31°C) than those in free-swimming school areas (29.5 – 30.5°C). The chl-a concentrations in free-swimming school areas were relatively higher (0.25 – 0.80 mg m-3) than those in the FAD areas (0.15 – 0.50 mg m-3). It was also found that mean skipjack tuna catches in the FAD areas (337 fish/setting) were relatively higher than in the free-swimming school areas (145 fish/setting). These findings suggest that the high skipjack tuna catches in Makassar Strait were significantly affected by specific SST ranges and relatively low chl-a.
Quality of giant clam (Tridacna derasa) juveniles as non–target organisms after exposure to clove oil in concentrations suitable for anaesthetising ornamental fish
Authors: Rahim S W , Yaqin K , Fachruddin L , Kudsiah H
Published: December 2019

The use of clove oil as an alternative to cyanide has proven effective for catching several types of ornamental fish on coral reefs. However, it is very important to evaluate the post-exposure condition of non-target organisms in coral reef ecosystems where ornamental fishing occurs, such as juvenile tridacnid clams. The aim of this study was to analyse the condition of juvenile clams (Tridacna derasa juveniles, size class 3-4 cm shell width) after exposure to clove oil at the concentrations found effective for ornamental fish capture. A factorial experimental design was used with 7 clove oil concentrations (control, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, 50 ppm, 60 ppm, 70 ppm) and 5 post-exposure times (1,5,9,13 and 17 days) with 3 replicates per treatment. The juvenile clams were acclimatized for a week before being exposed to clove oil for 5 minutes, then transferred to a recovery aquarium for 60 seconds before being placed in holding aquaria. The density and mitotic index of the zooxanthellae in the clam mantles were measured for each treatment and time. There was no significant difference (p> 0.05) between control clams and those exposed to clove oil with concentrations from 20 - 70 ppm in either the density or the mitotic index of zooxanthellae present. These results indicate that juveniles of the clam Tridacna derasa did not experience a significant decline in quality (condition) after a short exposure to clove oil, such as might typically occur if clove oil was used in ornamental fishing on coral reefs.
Biological condition and carapace width frequency distribution of blue swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus) in Gresik and Lamongan, East Java
Authors: Rahman M A , Iranawati F , Sambah A B , Wiadnya D G R
Published: December 2019

Crabs, including the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus), are one of the top five Indonesian fisheries export commodities. The blue swimming crab (BSC) is captured by various fishing gears that are indicated to threaten the sustainability of BSC resources. The aims of this study were to determine the biological condition of BSC by fishing gear, especially carapace width and weight relationship; sex composition and berried or non-berried female (BEF/NBEF); and carapace width distribution. BSC samples were randomly collected from four fishing bases in Gresik and Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia, from July to September 2018. The study found allometric and isometric BSC growth patterns at Gresik and Lamongan, respectively. Sex ratio of male and female crabs was balanced (1:1) with 16% of BEF in Gresik, while in Lamongan, there were more females than males (1:1.6) with 20% of BEF. Overall, catches were dominated by the size class with 11-12 cm carapace width and 70-90 g in weight. The carapace width distribution of indicated that catches from traps were dominated by BSC with of carapace width >10 cm (94%), (according to Ministerial Decree of Marine Affairs and Fisheries number 56/2016, >10 cm of carapace width is the legal size for BSC capture). Meanwhile, BSC catches from gillnets and mini trawls comprised 69% and 52% in the legal size class (>10 cm carapace width), respectively. Promoting traps as a BSC fishing gear can support the implementation of the ministerial decree in the field.
Species diversity of wrasses caught by fishermen in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Yasir I , Tresnati J , Yanti A , Rahmani P Y , Aprianto R , Tuwo A
Published: December 2019

Wrasses are reef fish that play an important role in maintaining the health of coral reef ecosystems. Some species of wrasse, such as the Napoleon wrasse Cheilinus undulates, have high economic value and are threatened with overexploitation. This study aims to analyse the species diversity of wrasses caught by fishermen operating in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2019, on a monthly basis. Sampling was carried out by collecting all wrasses landed on one chosen day at Makassar Fisheries Port. The species diversity parameters observed were the species name and the number of individuals of each species. Based on these data, the diversity index, evenness index, domination index, and similarity index were calculated. Wrasse diversity was always in the medium range, indicating that ecologically wrasse habitat is still quite productive and has remained balanced over a considerable period time. It appeared that capture fisheries had not caused serious problems for the wrasse community diversity and structure.
Long-Term Monitoring of Parrotfish Species Composition in the Catch of Fishermen from the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Tresnati J , Yasir I , Aprianto R , Yanti A , Rahmani P Y , Tuwo A
Published: December 2019

Parrotfishes, aside from playing an important ecological role in coral reef ecosystems, are an economically important fish group exploited for human consumption. Excessive exploitation of parrotfishes could cause ecological disturbances in the coral reef ecosystem. This study aimed to examine the species composition and population dynamics of parrotfishes caught by fishermen in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Parrotfishes were collected from the catches landed in Makassar Fisheries Port. Monthly samples comprised all parrotfishes landed on the sampling day. Sampling was carried out throughout 2014 and from January 2018 to May 2019. The parameters observed were the name and the number of each species. The composition and dynamics of the Parrotfishes species were analysed using the Diversity Index, Evenness Index, Dominancy Index, and Similarity Index. During the study, 6,684 parrotfishes were collected belonging to 34 species, of which 10 species had a mean sampling presence over 90%, i.e. Chlorurus bleekeri, C. capistratoides, C. sordidus, Scarus chameleon, S. flavipectoralis, S. ghobban, S. niger, S. quoyi, S. rivulatus, and S. schlegeli. Long-term monitoring of parrotfish species composition indicate that parrotfish diversity was consistently at the moderate level, indicating moderate productivity, fairly balanced ecosystem conditions, and moderate ecological pressure. Over the study period, parrotfish species were evenly distributed, no one species was really dominant, and the high Similarity Index indicated little change in species composition. These results indicate that the fishing pressure from traditional capture of parrotfishes using nets and spears has not had a serious impact on the condition of parrotfish resources.
Maturity stages of the redbreasted wrasse Cheilinus fasciatus
Authors: Tresnati J , Yasir I , Yanti A , Aprianto R , Rahmani P Y , Tuwo A
Published: December 2019

The redbreasted wrasseCheilinus fasciatusis an ornamental fish exploited for the marine aquarium trade. Even though it has white flesh, the redbreasted wrasse is not popular as a food fish because the flesh is quite thin. The redbreasted wrasse is widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It lives in tropical waters at depths of 4 to 60 m and at temperatures of 23 to 27°C. The objective of this study was to describe the gonad maturity stages of this fish using macroscopic characteristics. Sampling was carried out at Makassar Fishing Port from January 2018 to May 2019. The parameters observed in both male and female specimens were gonad length, width, weight, and gonad colour. Each specimen was also weighed and measured. Five gonad maturity stages were identified and described: Stage I (Immature or transition), Stage II (Early maturation), Stage III (maturation), stage IV (mature) and Stage V (post spawning or spent). These stages were described based on macroscopic structure and morphometric parameters of the gonads. The five stages coincided with changes in the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), indicating that the five stages were valid. These stages could be used as a practical reference for identifying gonad maturity and describing the reproductive cycle of the redbreasted wrasseC. fasciatus.
Cultivated seaweed carbon sequestration capacity
Authors: Mashoreng S , La Nafie Y A , Isyrini R
Published: December 2019

The rising of the earth’s temperature and climate change have attracted the attention of many scientists and environmental experts. One of the main strategies being proposed to minimize the acceleration of the earth’s temperature is to increase the potential of carbon sequestration from the atmosphere by taking advantage of the ability of plants, including algae, to utilize carbon dioxide in photosynthetic processes. This study aimed to estimate the carbon sequestration capacity and total carbon sequestration of macroalgae (seaweeds) commonly used in mariculture or in brackish-water pond (tambak) aquaculture. The study was conducted in August 2018 in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia Carbon sequestration was estimated using the oxygen exchange method. Three maricultured seaweeds (Kappaphycus alvarezii green and brown strains and Eucheuma spinosum) and two pond-cultured seaweeds (Gracilaria verrucosa and Caulerpa racemosa) were studied. Thallus sections weighing 2.46-4.91 g were inserted into clear bottles (270 mL) filled with seawater and incubated for 3 hours (09.00-12.00), with 5 replicates for each seaweed. The bottles were attached to the seaweed culture lines (maricultured seaweeds) or placed in the ponds (pond-cultured seaweeds). Bottles filled with ambient water (containing phytoplankton) were used as controls. After 3 hours, titration was used to measure the oxygen exchange in each bottle, and the results converted into carbon sequestration. Seaweed productivity ranged from 0.660-11.997 mgCO2/gbk/hour with the lowest sequestration by K. alvarezii green strain and the highest by E. spinosum. Carbon sequestration was estimated at 57.64 tons CO2/ha/year for maricultured seaweed and 12.38 tons CO2/ha/year for pond-cultured seaweeds. The total annual carbon sequestration from seaweed cultivation in South Sulawesi was estimated at 2,656,625 tons CO2/year from mariculture and 621,377 tons CO2/year from pond culture.
Morphological and genetic analysis of Gracilaria sp. cultured in ponds and coastal waters
Authors: Arbit N I S , Omar S B A , Soekendarsi E , Yasir I , Tresnati J , Mutmainnah  , Tuwo A
Published: December 2019

Seaweeds of the genus Gracilaria are an important aquaculture commodity, commonly cultured in brackish water ponds as well as in coastal waters. In South Sulawesi, Indonesia, the Gracilaria acultured in ponds has been named G. verrucosa, while Gracilaria cultured in coastal waters has been named G. gigas. Morphologically, these two types of Gracilaria do look different. Detailed examination shows that they appear to have similarities. This study aimed to examine whether these two types of Gracilaria are different species or not. The study used morphological characters and COI mitochondrial gene barcoding to assess the Gracilaria types cultured in ponds and coastal waters. Samples were collected from Ujung Baji Village in Takalar Regency, the main seaweed producing region in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The results indicate that both Gracilaria types have similar genetic characteristics as well as shared morphological characters. Based on these analyses, it is considered that both Gracilaria types cultivated may be strains of the same species.
Comparative study on the growth, carotenoid, fibre and mineral content of the seaweed Caulerpa lentillifera cultivated indoors and in the sea
Authors: Syamsuddin R , Azis H Y , Badraeni  , Rustam
Published: December 2019

This research series consisted of 4 (four) research activities, two implemented indoors at the Center for Brackishwater Aquaculture (BPBAP) Takalar in July - August 2017, and two carried out in the coastal waters of Aeng Batu-Batu Village, Galesong District, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia in May - July 2018. The objectives of the studies were to analyse growth and content of specific nutritional components (carotenoids, fibre, and minerals) of the seaweed Caulerpa lentillifera. The C. lentillifera cultivated indoors and in coastal waters had the same cultivation period and initial seedling weight. There were differences in C. lentillifera growth and nutritional content between the two treatments. Growth and mineral content were higher indoors; likely due to the presence of readily absorbed minerals in the substrate provided (a mixture of sand and coral fragments). Higher carotenoid and fibre content in C. lentillifera cultivated in coastal waters was likely due to carotenoid synthesis by the seaweed to protect chlorophyll from damage, and increased photosynthesis producing more complex carbohydrates (fibre). Although lower than in some previous studies, the mineral and fibre content of C. lentillifera in both treatments was higher than the levels found in most land plants seaweeds.
Enrichment of commercial feed for striped snakehead fry (Channa striata) with golden snail (Pomacea sp.) flour
Authors: Ndobe S , Mangitung S F , Bardi R , Madinawati  , Tobigo D T , Moore A M
Published: December 2019

The striped snakeheadChanna striatais a highly nutritious and economically valuable food fish. Wild populations are declining due to habitat degradation and conversion as well as overexploitation. To promote sustainable use of this resource, a striped snakehead domestication program was initiated in 2013. Earlier research found that golden snail (Pomaceasp.) was suitable as a natural feed for the grow-out of striped snakehead juveniles. This study focused on the formulation of feed for fry, applying a fully randomised experimental method with 5 replicates. Each experimental unit (aquarium with aeration) contained four striped snakehead fry (total length 3.42 ± 0.21 mm). The feed treatments used commercial HI-PRO-VITE 782 feed, with golden snail flour added in 4 doses: A (0%), B (20%), C (25%), D (30%). Total length and weight were measured weekly; water quality and survival were monitored. Overall, the length-weight relation was allometric negative. In terms of both length and weight, growth was highest under treatment C and lowest under treatment A. Growth was significantly different between treatments: A and C for length and weight (analysis of variance with Tukey post-hoc test, α=0.05). Growth patterns and condition factor varied between treatments, with treatment C yielding better balanced growth compared to B (slower increase in length) and D (slower weight gain). Survival rate did not differ significantly between treatments. We conclude that enrichment of commercial feed (HI-PRO-VITE 782) with golden snail flour can improve striped snakehead fry growth, with 25% the most effective dose.
Analysis of coral reef benthic cover changes around Kapoposang Island, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi using multi-temporal remote sensing imagery
Authors: Faizal A , Raazy A F , Rasyid A
Published: December 2019

Coral degradation has become an important issue in the Kapoposang Marine Tourism Park, Kapoposang Island, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi. This study aimed to monitor changes in live coral cover over the period of 2006-2017. The study integrated two methods: the interpretation of multitemporal satellite images and Rapid Reef Assessment (RRA) surveys. The results revealed changes in each benthic category on Kapoposang Island (i.e. live coral; dead coral; rubble; seagrass/algae and sand). During the period from 2006 to 2017, live coral cover decreased by 13.18% while dead coral and rubble (coral fragments) increase by dead 9.63% and 0.15%, respectively.
Use of Common Lantana (Lantana camara Linn) Extract to Prevent Ice-ice Disease and Trigger Growth Rate of the Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: Patadjai R S , Nur I , Kamri S
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to determine and assess the growth, production, and quality of seaweed after pre-treating seedlings using lantana extract. Research on the use of common lantana Lantana camara extract in the culture of the seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii was carried out both at experimental and mass culture scales at several locations in the coastal waters of South Konawe in Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The treatments were soaking seaweed seedlings in solutions of lantana extract with various dosages and soaking times before planting them out in coastal waters. Observed parameters were incidence of ice-ice disease and seaweed growth rate. Results showed that, during the culture period, there was no incidence of ice-ice disease on seaweed seedlings pre-treated with Lantana extract. Thalli were healthy and dark-coloured with no ice-ice disease symptoms, while seaweed seedlings (controls) without extract soaking pre-treatment were paler in colour and ice-ice infected parts of the thalli were white. The result also showed that pre-treatment with lantana extract could increase the growth rate, with the highest net growth at a treatment dosage of 500 ppm with 30 minutes soaking time. The average value of net (absolute) growth (AG) was 387.15 g/clump, equivalent to a 12.9-fold increase from the initial weight of 30 g/clump. The average highest specific growth rate (SGR) was 6.43 %/day, while for seaweed seedlings without immersion in Lantana extract the highest SGR was only 5.86%/day. The highest average production was 417.15 g/clump, while seaweed seeds without extract yielded on average 295.70 g/clump. The highest average carrageenan content was 53.5%, compared to 38.6% for untreated (control) seaweed.
Coral Disease Prevalence on Scleractinian Corals at Prigi Bay, Trenggalek, East Java
Authors: Rosdianto  , Luthfi O M
Published: December 2019

Coral disease prevalence is defined as the ratio of diseased coral colonies to total colonies in a certain place. Coral community health is determined by measuring coral colony health using an index based on the percentage of diseased coral colonies within a quadrat transect. Disease in coral can be triggered by environment factors. Declining seawater quality leads to stress of the coral host and faster growth of pathogens both in the water and the body of the corals, caused coral disease. Prigi Bay is a heavily used area that has valuable ecosystems including coral reefs; however, nowadays the high level of anthropogenic activities in this bay is becoming a threat to coral health. The aim of this research was to examine the coral disease prevalence in Prigi Bay. Three stations were selected as coral disease monitoring stations: Patuk Sewu, Watu Lunyu, and Damas. In total, we surveyed 5,057 coral colonies. The highest coral disease prevalence was found at the Patuk Sewu station (17.23%), while at the Watu Lunyu and Damas stations prevalence was 3.31% and 3.15%, respectively. High coral disease prevalence in Patuk Sewu may cause by the abundance of explained growth anomalies (EGA). EGA is strongly correlated with water quality, which has been associated with the kinds of disease observed. Since Prigi Bay is in the utilization zone, with a busy fishing port and fish processing industries that are likely sources of pollution which could influence water quality and the health of the environment. Coral disease prevalence in Prigi Bay can be considered as high, and future research should focus on other aspects of coral condition and the stressors affecting corals.
The effect of Melastoma malabathricum leaf extract on growth and spawning of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus)
Authors: Alam N , Fujaya Y , Haryati  , Sari D K , Achmad M , Rusdi M , Farizah N
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Melastoma malabathricum leaf extract on growth and spawning of the blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus. This research was conducted from March to May 2019 at the Hasanuddin University mini hatchery in Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The study used five treatment doses of M malabathricum leaf extract: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20μg/g of female crab body weight. The extract was dissolved in water and an aliquot of 0.1 mL was injected into each crab. The results showed that there was a decrease in growth in all treatments within the first 10 days after injection, but an increase after the 20th day. Doses of 15 and 20 ug/g resulted in the highest spawning rate, ie 100% after 30 days. Crabs with no extract treatment had the lowest spawning rate, which was only 33%. The conclusion of this study is that an appropriate dose of M. malabathricum leaf extract can be used to stimulate spawning of Portunus pelagicus.