bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Farmland Change on Soybean Production Potential in Recent 40 Years: A Case Study in Western Jilin, China
Authors: Pu Luoman , Zhang Shuwen , Li Fei , Wang Ranghu , Yang Jiuchun , Chang Liping
Published: July 2018

During the last 40 years, the quantity and spatial patterns of farmland in Western Jilin have changed dramatically, which has had a great impact on soybean production potential. This study used one of the most advanced crop production potential models, the Global Agro-Ecological Zones model, to calculate the soybean production potential in Western Jilin based on meteorological, topography, soil and land use data, and analyzed the impact of farmland change on soybean production potential during 1975–2013. The main conclusions were the following: first, the total soybean production potential in Western Jilin in 2013 was 8.92 million tonnes, and the average soybean production potential was 1612 kg/ha. The production potential of eastern area was higher than the other areas of Western Jilin. Second, farmland change led to a growth of 3.30 million tonnes in soybean production potential between 1975 and 2000, and a decrease of 1.03 million tonnes between 2000 and 2013. Third, taking account of two situations of farmland change, the conversion between dryland and other categories, and the change of irrigation percentage led to the total soybean production potential in Western Jilin increased by 2.31 and only 0.28 million tonnes respectively between 1975 and 2000, and increased by 0.12 and 0.29 million tonnes respectively between 2000 and 2013. In general, the increase of soybean potential production was mainly due to grassland and woodland reclamation. The results of this study would be a good guideline for protecting safe baseline of farmland, managing land resources, and ensuring continuity and stability of soybean supply and food security.
Current State of the Art of Newborn Screening for Lysosomal Storage Disorders
Authors: Millington David S. , Bali Deeksha S.
Published: July 2018

Prospective full-population newborn screening for multiple lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) is currently practiced in a few NBS programs, and several others are actively pursuing this course of action. Two platforms suitable for multiple LSD screening—tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and digital microfluidic fluorometry (DMF)—are now commercially available with reagent kits. In this article, we review the methods currently used for prospective NBS for LSDs and objectively compare their workflows and the results from two programs in the United States that screen for the same four LSDs, one using MS/MS and the other DMF. The results show that the DMF platform workflow is simpler and generates results faster than MS/MS, enabling results reporting on the same day as specimen analysis. Furthermore, the performance metrics for both platforms while not identical, are broadly similar and do not indicate the superior performance of one method over the other. Results show a preponderance of inconclusive results for Pompe and Fabry diseases and for Hurler syndrome, due to genetic heterogeneity and other factors that can lead to low enzyme activities, regardless of the screening method. We conclude that either platform is a good choice but caution that post-analytical tools will need to be applied to improve the positive predictive value for these conditions.
A Better Understanding of Bee Nutritional Ecology Is Needed to Optimize Conservation Strategies for Wild Bees—The Application of Ecological Stoichiometry
Authors: Filipiak Michał
Published: July 2018

The observed decline in wild bees may be connected to the decreasing diversity of flowering plants. Changes in floral composition shape nutrient availability in inhabited areas, and bee larvae need food rich in body-building nutrients to develop into adults. Adult food, mainly composed of energy-rich nectar, differs from larval food, mainly composed of pollen, and adult bees forage on different plant species for nectar and pollen. Defining bee-friendly plants based on the quantities of food produced, and on the visitation rates of adult pollinating insects leads to the planting of bee habitats with poor-quality food for larvae, which limits their growth and development, and negatively affects the population. Consequently, failing to understand the nutritional needs of wild bees may lead to unintended negative effects of conservation efforts. Ecological stoichiometry was developed to elucidate the nutritional constraints of organisms and their colonies, populations, and communities. Here, I discuss how applying ecological stoichiometry to the study of the nutritional ecology of wild bees would help fill the gaps in our understanding of bee biology. I present questions that should be answered in future studies to improve our knowledge of the nutritional ecology of wild bees, which could result in better conservation strategies.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins: Reduced Size Particulate Systems for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes
Authors: Akhtar Fahad , Wan Xinyu , Wu Gang , Kesse Samuel , Wang Shaoda , He Shuying
Published: July 2018

A wide range of diseases have been treated using low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), the drug of choice for anticoagulation. Owing to their better pharmacokinetic features compared to those of unfractionated heparin (uFH), several systems incorporating LMWHs have been investigated to deliver and improve their therapeutic outcomes, especially through development of their micro- and nano-particles. This review article describes current perspectives on the fabrication, characterization, and application of LMWHs-loaded micro- and nano-particles to achieve ameliorated bioavailability. The valuable applications of LMWH will continue to encourage researchers to identify efficient delivery systems that have specific release characteristics and ameliorated bioavailability, overcoming the challenges presented by biological obstructions and the physicochemical properties of LMWHs.
Verdazyls as Possible Building Blocks for Multifunctional Molecular Materials: A Case Study on 1,5-Diphenyl-3-(p-iodophenyl)-verdazyl Focusing on Magnetism, Electron Transfer and the Applicability of the Sonogashira-Hagihara Reaction
Authors: Jobelius Hannah , Wagner Norbert , Schnakenburg Gregor , Meyer Andreas
Published: July 2018

This work explores the use of Kuhn verdazyl radicals as building blocks in multifunctional molecular materials in an exemplary study, focusing on the magnetic and the electron transfer (ET) characteristics, but also addressing the question whether chemical modification by cross-coupling is possible. The ET in solution is studied spectroscopically, whereas solid state measurements afford information about the magnetic susceptibility or the conductivity of the given samples. The observed results are rationalized based on the chemical structures of the molecules, which have been obtained by X-ray crystallography. The crystallographically observed molecular structures as well as the interpretation based on the spectroscopic and physical measurements are backed up by DFT calculations. The measurements indicate that only weak, antiferromagnetic (AF) coupling is observed in Kuhn verdazyls owed to the low tendency to form face-to-face stacks, but also that steric reasons alone are not sufficient to explain this behavior. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that ET reactions proceed rapidly in verdazyl/verdazylium redox couples and that Kuhn verdazyls are suited as donor molecules in ET reactions.
Genome Identification of B-BOX Gene Family Members in Seven Rosaceae Species and Their Expression Analysis in Response to Flower Induction in Malus domestica
Authors: Shalmani Abdullah , Fan Sheng , Jia Peng , Li Guofang , Muhammad Izhar , Li Youmei , Sharif Rahat , Dong Feng , Zuo Xiya , Li Ke , Chen Kun-Ming , Han Mingyu
Published: July 2018

BBX proteins play important roles in regulating plant growth and development including photomorphogenesis, photoperiodic regulation of flowering, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. At present, the genomes of seven Rosaceae fruit species have been fully sequenced. However, little is known about the BBX gene family and their evolutionary history in these Rosaceae species. Therefore, in this study total, 212 BBX genes were investigated from seven Rosaceae species (67 from Malus × domestica, 40 from Pyruscommunis, 22 from Rosa Chinesis, 20 from Prunuspersica, 21 from Fragariavesca, 22 from Prunusavium, and 20 from Rubusoccidentalis). The chemical properties, gene structures, and evolutionary relationships of the BBX genes were also studied. All the BBX genes were grouped into six subfamilies on the basis of their phylogenetic relationships and structural features. Analysis of gene structure, segmental and tandem duplication, gene phylogeny, and tissue-specific expression with the ArrayExpress database showed their diversification in function, quantity, and structure. The expression profiles of 19 MdBBX genes in different tissues were evaluated through qRT-PCR. These genes showed distinct transcription level among the tested tissues (bud, flower, fruit, stem, and leaf). Moreover, expression patterns of 19 MdBBX genes were examined during flowering induction time under flowering-related hormones and treatments (GA3, 6-BA, and sucrose). The expressions of the candidates BBX genes were affected and showed diverse expression profile. Furthermore, changes in response to these flowering-related hormones and treatment specifying their potential involvement in flowering induction. Based on these findings, BBX genes could be used as potential genetic markers for the growth and development of plants particularly in the area of functional analysis, and their involvement in flower induction in fruit plants.
Imaging Multi-Age Construction Settlement Behaviour by Advanced SAR Interferometry
Authors: Bozzano Francesca , Esposito Carlo , Mazzanti Paolo , Patti Mauro , Scancella Stefano
Published: July 2018

This paper focuses on the application of Advanced Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (A-DInSAR) to subsidence-related issues, with particular reference to ground settlements due to external loads. Beyond the stratigraphic setting and the geotechnical properties of the subsoil, other relevant boundary conditions strongly influence the reliability of remotely sensed data for quantitative analyses and risk mitigation purposes. Because most of the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) measurement points (Persistent Scatterers, PSs) lie on structures and infrastructures, the foundation type and the age of a construction are key factors for a proper interpretation of the time series of ground displacements. To exemplify a methodological approach to evaluate these issues, this paper refers to an analysis carried out in the coastal/deltaic plain west of Rome (Rome and Fiumicino municipalities) affected by subsidence and related damages to structures. This region is characterized by a complex geological setting (alternation of recent deposits with low and high compressibilities) and has been subjected to different urbanisation phases starting in the late 1800s, with a strong acceleration in the last few decades. The results of A-DInSAR analyses conducted from 1992 to 2015 have been interpreted in light of high-resolution geological/geotechnical models, the age of the construction, and the types of foundations of the buildings on which the PSs are located. Collection, interpretation, and processing of geo-thematic data were fundamental to obtain high-resolution models; change detection analyses of the land cover allowed us to classify structures/infrastructures in terms of the construction period. Additional information was collected to define the types of foundations, i.e., shallow versus deep foundations. As a result, we found that only by filtering and partitioning the A-DInSAR datasets on the basis of the above-mentioned boundary conditions can the related time series be considered a proxy of the consolidation process governing the subsidence related to external loads as confirmed by a comparison with results from a physically based back analysis based on Terzaghi’s theory. Therefore, if properly managed, the A-DInSAR data represents a powerful tool for capturing the evolutionary stage of the process for a single building and has potential for forecasting the behaviour of the terrain–foundation–structure combination.
Peptide-Cellulose Conjugates on Cotton-Based Materials Have Protease Sensor/Sequestrant Activity
Authors: Edwards J. Vincent , Fontenot Krystal R. , Liebner Falk , Condon Brian D.
Published: July 2018

The growing incidence of chronic wounds in the world population has prompted increased interest in chronic wound dressings with protease-modulating activity and protease point of care sensors to treat and enable monitoring of elevated protease-based wound pathology. However, the overall design features needed for the combination of a chronic wound dressing that lowers protease activity along with protease detection capability as a single platform for semi-occlusive dressings has scarcely been addressed. The interface of dressing and sensor specific properties (porosity, permeability, moisture uptake properties, specific surface area, surface charge, and detection) relative to sensor bioactivity and protease sequestrant performance is explored here. Measurement of the material’s zeta potential demonstrated a correlation between negative charge and the ability of materials to bind positively charged Human Neutrophil Elastase. Peptide-cellulose conjugates as protease substrates prepared on a nanocellulosic aerogel were assessed for their compatibility with chronic wound dressing design. The porosity, wettability and absorption capacity of the nanocellulosic aerogel were consistent with values observed for semi-occlusive chronic wound dressing designs. The relationship of properties that effect dressing functionality and performance as well as impact sensor sensitivity are discussed in the context of the enzyme kinetics. The sensor sensitivity of the aerogel-based sensor is contrasted with current clinical studies on elastase. Taken together, comparative analysis of the influence of molecular features on the physical properties of three forms of cellulosic transducer surfaces provides a meaningful assessment of the interface compatibility of cellulose-based sensors and corresponding protease sequestrant materials for potential use in chronic wound sensor/dressing design platforms.
Smart Disaster Response in Vehicular Tunnels: Technologies for Search and Rescue Applications
Authors: Kim Young-Duk , Son Guk-Jin , Kim HeeKang , Song Chanho , Lee Ji-Hee
Published: July 2018

Recently, the number of tunnels is increasing due to urbanization, and fire accidents in tunnels are likewise increasing. In particular, in a long tunnel of more than 1 km it is very difficult to track the exact location of a fire, accident vehicles, and the fire brigade, as well as whether a fire occurred. In this paper, we analyze various types of accidents that may occur in tunnel fires and propose detection, search, and rescue techniques to cope with them. For early detection of accidents, we propose various sensors using Internet of Things (IoT) technology and sensor networks to connect them. These sensors can detect not only a fire but also the position of the vehicle in which the fire is occurring in real time. We also propose a robotic system and operation technique that can be controlled by a fire fighter for more precise search operation. For rescue procedures, localization and tracking technology for fire fighters and robots is proposed. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed system was verified through actual performance tests, including simulations of actual placement and operation in tunnels. Through the construction of the equipment in an actual tunnel 1.9 km long, we show that the proposed system is good enough to cope with fire accidents, in terms of the delivery ratio of the collected data, fire recognition ratio, localization accuracy, and response delay.
Short-Term Performance of Sustainable Silica Fume Mortars Exposed to Sulfate Attack
Authors: Ortega José Marcos , Esteban María Dolores , Williams Mark , Sánchez Isidro , Climent Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2018

Nowadays, the reuse of wastes is essential in order to reach a more sustainable environment. The cement production results in CO2 emissions which significantly contribute to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. One way to reduce them is by partially replacing clinker by additions, such as silica fumes or other wastes. On the other hand, the pore structure of cementitious materials has a direct influence on their service properties. One of the most popular techniques for characterizing the microstructure of those materials is mercury intrusion porosimetry. In this work, this technique has been used for studying the evolution of the pore network of mortars with different percentages of silica fume (until 10%), which were exposed to aggressive sodium and magnesium sulfate solutions up to 90 days. Between the results of this technique, intrusion-extrusion curves and logarithms of differential intrusion volume versus pore size curves were studied. This characterization of the pore network of mortars has been complemented with the study of their compressive strength and their steady-state ionic diffusion coefficient obtained from samples’ resistivity. Generally, silica fume mortars showed different performance depending on the aggressive condition, although the greatest deleterious effects were observed in the medium with presence of both magnesium and sodium sulfates.
An Effective Authentication Algorithm for Polygonal Models with High Embedding Capacity
Authors: Tsai Yuan-Yu , Tsai Yu-Shiou , Chang Chia-Chun
Published: July 2018

Fragile watermarking algorithms for 3D models has attracted extensive research attention in recent years. Although many literatures have proposed lots of solutions on this issue, low embedding capacity and inaccurate located tampered region are still presented. Higher embedding capacity can reduce the probability of false alarms for authentication, while accurate tamper localization can detect all the modified vertices with fewer unaltered ones. This study proposes three strategies to enhance the embedding capacity and the detection accuracy of our previous algorithm. First, the modified message-digit substitution table can increase the embedding capacity by 11.5%. Second, the modified embedding ratio generation method can be integrated to raise the embedding capacity by about 47.74%. Finally, the strategy adopting a reduced number of reference vertices for authentication code generation accompanying the above two ones improves the embedding capacity up to 123.74%. Extensive experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve superior performance in terms of embedding capacity and tamper localization accuracy. Further, the model distortion between the original and the marked ones is small.
Exotic Parasite Threats to Australia’s Biosecurity—Trade, Health, and Conservation
Authors: Thompson R. C. Andrew
Published: July 2018

Parasites have threatened Australia’s biosecurity since the early days of European settlement. Tick fever in cattle and liver fluke, along with their invertebrate hosts, and hydatid disease head the list of parasites that are still impacting livestock industries. In addition, there are many parasites that have been introduced that are of significance to public health as well as the conservation of native wildlife. As a consequence of these early arrivals, Australia has become much more aware of its vulnerability should parasites such as Trichinella and Trypanosoma evansi become established in Australia. However, recent discoveries concerning Leishmania and other trypanosomes have demonstrated that Australia must not become complacent and reliant on dogma when considering the potential emergence of new threats to its biosecurity. In this short review, the major parasite threats to Australia’s biosecurity are summarised, some misconceptions are emphasised, and attention is given to the importance of challenging dogma in the face of a dearth of information about Australian native fauna.
A Novel Squirrel Respirovirus with Putative Zoonotic Potential
Authors: Forth Leonie F. , Konrath Andrea , Klose Kristin , Schlottau Kore , Hoffmann Kathrin , Ulrich Rainer G. , Höper Dirk , Pohlmann Anne , Beer Martin
Published: July 2018

In a globalized world, the threat of emerging pathogens plays an increasing role, especially if their zoonotic potential is unknown. In this study, a novel respirovirus, family Paramyxoviridae, was isolated from a Sri Lankan Giant squirrel (Ratufa macroura), which originated in Sri Lanka and deceased with severe pneumonia in a German zoo. The full-genome characterization of this novel virus, tentatively named Giant squirrel respirovirus (GSqRV), revealed similarities to murine (71%), as well as human respiroviruses (68%) with unique features, for example, a different genome length and a putative additional accessory protein. Congruently, phylogenetic analyses showed a solitary position of GSqRV between known murine and human respiroviruses, implicating a putative zoonotic potential. A tailored real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for specific detection of GSqRV confirmed a very high viral load in the lung, and, to a lesser extent, in the brain of the deceased animal. A pilot study on indigenous and exotic squirrels did not reveal additional cases in Germany. Therefore, further research is essential to assess the geographic distribution, host range, and zoonotic potential of this novel viral pathogen.
Emergence and Variability of Broad Absorption Line Quasar Outflows
Authors: Rogerson J. A. , Hall P. B. , Ahmed N. S. , Hidalgo P. Rodríguez , Brandt W. N. , Ak N. Filiz
Published: July 2018

We isolate a set of quasars that exhibit emergent C iv broad absorption lines (BALs) in their spectra by comparing spectra in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7 and the SDSS/BOSS Data Releases 9 and 10. After visually defining a set of emergent BALs, follow-up observations were obtained with the Gemini Observatory for 105 quasars. We find an emergence rate consistent with the previously reported disappearance rate of BAL quasars given the relative numbers of non-BAL and BAL quasars in the SDSS. We find that candidate newly emerged BALs are preferentially drawn from among BALs with smaller balnicity indices, shallower depths, larger velocities, and smaller widths. Within two rest-frame years (average) after a BAL has emerged, we find it equally likely to continue increasing in equivalent width in an observation 6 months later (average) as it is to start decreasing. From the time separations between our observations, we conclude that the coherence timescale of BALs is less than 100 rest-frame days. We observe coordinated variability among pairs of troughs in the same quasar, likely due to clouds at different velocities responding to the same changes in ionizing flux, and the coordination is stronger if the velocity separation between the two troughs is smaller. We speculate that the latter effect may be due to clouds having on average lower densities at higher velocities owing to mass conservation in an accelerating flow, causing the absorbing gas in those clouds to respond on different timescales to the same ionizing flux variations.
A New Detection of Extragalactic Anomalous Microwave Emission in a Compact, Optically Faint Region of NGC 4725
Authors: Murphy E. J. , Linden S. T. , Dong D. , Hensley B. S. , Momjian E. , Helou G. , Evans A. S.
Published: July 2018

We discuss the nature of a discrete, compact radio source (NGC 4725 B) located ≈1.9 kpc from the nucleus in the nearby star-forming galaxy NGC 4725, which we believe to be a new detection of extragalactic anomalous microwave emission (AME). Based on detections at 3, 15, 22, 33, and 44 GHz, NGC 4725 B is a microjansky radio source peaking at ≈33 GHz. While the source is not identified in optical (BVRI) photometry, we detect counterparts in the midinfrared Spitzer/IRAC bands (3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0 μm) that appear to be associated with dust emission in the central region of NGC 4725. Consequently, we conclude that NGC 4725 B is a new detection of AME and is very similar to a recent detection of AME in an outer-disk star-forming region in NGC 6946. We find that models of electric dipole emission from rapidly rotating ultra-small grains are able to reproduce the radio spectrum for reasonable interstellar medium conditions. Given the lack of an optical counterpart and the shape of the radio spectrum, NGC 4725 B appears consistent with a nascent star-forming region in which young (≲3 Myr) massive stars are still highly enshrouded by their natal cocoons of gas and dust with insufficient supernovae occurring to produce a measurable amount of synchrotron emission.
A New Look at an Old Cluster: The Membership, Rotation, and Magnetic Activity of Low-mass Stars in the 1.3 Gyr Old Open Cluster NGC 752
Authors: Agüeros M. A. , Bowsher E. C. , Bochanski J. J. , Cargile P. A. , Covey K. R. , Douglas S. T. , Kraus A. , Kundert A. , Law N. M. , Ahmadi A. , Arce H. G.
Published: July 2018

The nearby open cluster NGC 752 presents a rare opportunity to study stellar properties at ages >1 Gyr. However, constructing a membership catalog for it is challenging; most surveys have been limited to identifying its giants and dwarf members earlier than mid-K. We supplement past membership catalogs with candidates selected with updated photometric and proper-motion criteria, generating a list of 258 members, a >50% increase over previous catalogs. Using a Bayesian framework to fit MESA Isochrones & Stellar Tracks evolutionary models to literature photometry and the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution data available for 59 cluster members, we infer the age of and distance to NGC 752: 1.34 ± 0.06 Gyr and

pc. We also report the results of our optical monitoring of the cluster using the Palomar Transient Factory. We obtain rotation periods for 12 K and M cluster members, the first periods measured for such low-mass stars with a well-constrained age >1 Gyr. We compare these new periods to data from the younger clusters Praesepe and NGC 6811, and to a theoretical model for angular momentum loss, to examine stellar spin-down for low-mass stars over their first 1.3 Gyr. While on average NGC 752 stars are rotating more slowly than their younger counterparts, the difference is not significant. Finally, we use our spectroscopic observations to measure Hα for cluster stars, finding that members earlier than ≈M2 are magnetically inactive, as expected at this age. Forthcoming Gaia data should solidify and extend the membership of NGC 752 to lower masses, thereby increasing its importance for studies of low-mass stars.
The MAVERIC Survey: Still No Evidence for Accreting Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
Authors: Tremou Evangelia , Strader Jay , Chomiuk Laura , Shishkovsky Laura , Maccarone Thomas J. , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Tudor Vlad , Heinke Craig O. , Sivakoff Gregory R. , Seth Anil C. , Noyola Eva
Published: July 2018

We present the results of an ultradeep, comprehensive radio continuum survey for the accretion signatures of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in globular clusters (GCs). The sample, imaged with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, comprises 50 Galactic GCs. No compelling evidence for an IMBH is found in any cluster in our sample. In order to achieve the highest sensitivity to low-level emission, we also present the results of an overall stack of our sample as well as various subsamples, also finding nondetections. These results strengthen the idea that IMBHs with masses ≳1000M
⊙ are rare or absent in GCs.
Surface and Core Detonations in Rotating White Dwarfs
Authors: García-Senz D. , Cabezón R. M. , Domínguez I.
Published: July 2018

The feasibility of the double detonation mechanism—surface helium detonation followed by complete carbon detonation of the core—in a rotating white dwarf with mass ≃1 M
⊙ is studied using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. A rapid rigid rotation of the white dwarf was assumed, so that its initial spherical geometry is considerably distorted. Unlike spherically symmetric models, we found that when helium ignition is located far from the spinning axis, the detonation fronts converge asynchronically at the antipodes of the ignition point. Nevertheless, the detonation of the carbon core still remains as the most probable outcome. The detonation of the core gives rise to a strong explosion, matching many of the basic observational constraints of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We conclude that the double detonation mechanism also works when the white dwarf is rapidly rotating. These results provide further evidence for the viability of sub-Chandrasekhar-mass models as well as some double degenerate models (those having some helium fuel at the merging moment), making them appealing channels for the production of SN Ia events.
A Distinct Nucleosynthetic Heritage for Early Solar System Solids Recorded by Ni Isotope Signatures
Authors: Render Jan , Brennecka Gregory A. , Wang Shui-Jiong , Wasylenki Laura E. , Kleine Thorsten
Published: July 2018

As the earliest dated solids, calcium–aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) provide a unique window into the early solar system. However, for many elements, CAIs have been shown to exhibit a very different nucleosynthetic isotope signature from that of later-formed bulk meteorites. To explore this critical difference between solar system materials, we investigate a broad set of CAI samples for both mass-dependent and non-mass-dependent (nucleosynthetic) isotope variations in the siderophile element nickel (Ni). We find that fine-grained CAIs show little if any mass-dependent Ni isotopic fractionation, whereas coarse-grained inclusions exhibit a broad range of isotopically heavy signatures. Because mass-dependent variations appear to be coupled with nucleosynthetic anomalies in CAIs, a part of this Ni isotope variability could be due to thermal processing that acted on these samples. Nucleosynthetic Ni isotopic signatures show that CAIs share a genetic heritage with carbonaceous meteorites and provide a clear distinction from the isotopic reservoirs occupied by terrestrial Ni and non-carbonaceous meteorites. However, whereas nucleosynthetic Ni isotope heterogeneity in previously investigated bulk meteorites was ascribed to variation in the neutron-poor isotope 58Ni, we here find that CAI signatures require variability in other, more neutron-rich Ni isotopes. Taken in aggregate with previous work, this highlights a change in the nucleosynthetic character from CAIs to later-formed solids that cannot be explained by variable admixture of a single presolar phase or material from a specific supernova shell. Instead, these data reveal the complex evolution of the solar system, including blending and reprocessing of matter from several generations and types of stars.
A Photometric Redshift Catalog Based on SCUSS, SDSS, and WISE Surveys
Authors: Gao Jinghua , Zou Hu , Zhou Xu , Kong Xu
Published: July 2018

We publish a photometric redshift catalog based on imaging data of the South Galactic Cap u-band Sky Survey, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. A total of seven photometric bands are used, ranging from near-ultraviolet to near-infrared. A local linear regression method is adopted to estimate the photometric redshift with a dedicated spectroscopic training set. The photometric redshift catalog contains about 23.1 million galaxies classified by SDSS. Using the training set with redshift up to 0.8 and r-band magnitude down to 22 mag, we achieve an average bias of

, a standard deviation of σ(Δz
norm) = 0.019, and a 3σ outlier rate of about 4.2%. The bias is less than 0.01 at z < 0.6 and goes up to about 0.05 at z ∼ 0.8. Compared with SDSS photometric redshifts, our redshift estimations are more accurate and have less bias.
Signatures of Magnetic Activity in the Seismic Data of Solar-type Stars Observed by Kepler
Authors: Santos A. R. G. , Campante T. L. , Chaplin W. J. , Cunha M. S. , Lund M. N. , Kiefer R. , Salabert D. , García R. A. , Davies G. R. , Elsworth Y. , Howe R.
Published: July 2018

In the Sun, the frequencies of the acoustic modes are observed to vary in phase with the magnetic activity level. These frequency variations are expected to be common in solar-type stars and contain information about the activity-related changes that take place in their interiors. The unprecedented duration of Kepler photometric time-series provides a unique opportunity to detect and characterize stellar magnetic cycles through asteroseismology. In this work, we analyze a sample of 87 solar-type stars, measuring their temporal frequency shifts over segments of 90 days. For each segment, the individual frequencies are obtained through a Bayesian peak-bagging tool. The mean frequency shifts are then computed and compared with: (1) those obtained from a cross-correlation method; (2) the variation in the mode heights; (3) a photometric activity proxy; and (4) the characteristic timescale of the granulation. For each star and 90-day sub-series, we provide mean frequency shifts, mode heights, and characteristic timescales of the granulation. Interestingly, more than 60% of the stars show evidence for (quasi-)periodic variations in the frequency shifts. In the majority of the cases, these variations are accompanied by variations in other activity proxies. About 20% of the stars show mode frequencies and heights varying approximately in phase, in opposition to what is observed for the Sun.
KYDISC: Galaxy Morphology, Quenching, and Mergers in the Cluster Environment
Authors: Oh Sree , Kim Keunho , Lee Joon Hyeop , Sheen Yun-Kyeong , Kim Minjin , Ree Chang H. , Ho Luis C. , Kyeong Jaemann , Sung Eon-Chang , Park Byeong-Gon , Yi Sukyoung K.
Published: July 2018

We present the KASI-Yonsei Deep Imaging Survey of Clusters targeting 14 clusters at 0.015 ≲ z ≲ 0.144 using the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph on the 6.5 m Magellan Baade telescope and the MegaCam on the 3.6 m Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope. We provide a catalog of cluster galaxies that lists magnitudes, redshifts, morphologies, bulge-to-total ratios, and local density. Based on the 1409 spectroscopically confirmed cluster galaxies brighter than −19.8 in the r band, we study galaxy morphology, color, and visual features generated by galaxy mergers. We see a clear trend between morphological content and cluster velocity dispersion, which was not presented by previous studies using local clusters. Passive spirals are preferentially found in a highly dense region (i.e., cluster center), indicating that they have gone through environmental quenching. In deep images (μ

r′ ∼ 27

), 20% of our sample shows signatures of recent mergers, which is not expected from theoretical predictions and a low frequency of ongoing mergers in our sample (∼4%). Such a high fraction of recent mergers in the cluster environment supports a scenario that the merger events that made the features have preceded the galaxy accretion into the cluster environment. We conclude that mergers affect a cluster population mainly through the preprocessing of recently accreted galaxies.
Anticosti Island: a hot spot for Neospondylis upiformis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in eastern Canada?
Authors: Hébert Christian , Laplante Serge , Fréchette Mario , Jobin Luc
Published: July 2018

During an inventory of insect diversity on Anticosti Island in 1993, we caught unprecedented numbers of Neospondylis upiformis (Mannerheim), a longhorned beetle rarely observed in eastern North America. All specimens were caught using 12-funnel Lindgren traps baited with 95% ethanol and α-pinene. This longhorned beetle was captured again in 2007 on Anticosti with the same traps. Other than that, seven specimens of N. upiformis were caught elsewhere in Quebec between 1993 and 2015. Only 14 specimens were found in the 45 most important insect collections of the province, the most recent specimen dating back to 1964.

At least 90% of the captures came from old-growth balsam fir stands of the south-central part of the island. Seasonal flight activity ranged from early June to late July, but adult captures peaked in early July. Results suggest that Anticosti Island might be a hot spot for N. upiformis in eastern North America, particularly in its south-central part where old-growth balsam fir forests still exist.
Rethinking schizophrenia through the lens of evolution: shedding light on the enigma
Authors: Cariaga-Martinez Ariel , Gutiérrez Kilian , Alelú-Paz Raúl
Published: July 2018

Schizophrenia refers to a complex psychiatric illness characterized by the heterogenic presence of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms occurring in all human societies. The fact that the disorder lacks a unifying neuropathology, presents a decreased fecundity of the affected individuals and has a cross-culturally stable incidence rate, makes it necessary for an evolutionary explanation that fully accounts for the preservation of “schizophrenic genes” in the global human genepool, explaining the potential sex differences and the heterogeneous cognitive symptomatology of the disorder and is consistent with the neuropsychological, developmental and evolutionary findings regarding the human brain. Here we proposed a new evolutionary framework for schizophrenia that is consistent with findings presented in different dimensions, considering the disorder as a form of brain functioning that allows us to adapt to the environment and, ultimately, maintain the survival of the species. We focus on the epigenetic regulation of thalamic interneurons as a major player involved in the development of the clinical picture characteristic of schizophrenia.
Endothelotropic activity of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid in the conditions of experimental cerebral ischemia
Authors: Voronkov Andrey V. , Pozdnyakov Dmitrij I.
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the endothelioprotective activity of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid in conditions of experimental cerebral ischemia.

Materials and methods: The brain ischemia was reproduced by the method of irreversible right-sided thermocoagulation of the middle cerebral artery. As comparative drugs, mexidol (30 mg/kg) and sulodexide (30 U/kg) were used. The vasodilating function of the vascular endothelium was assessed by the change in the rate of cerebral blood flow when the synthesis of nitric oxide was modified. Antithrombotic function was assessed by changes in the concentration of thromboxane A2, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor activity and platelet aggregation activity. Serum concentration of C-reactive protein served as a marker of the state of anti-inflammatory endothelial function. To determine the potential mechanism of endothelioprotective activity of 4-4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid, the anti-radical activity of this compound toward superoxide and nitrosy-radicals was assessed; and the effect of the compound on the mitochondrial function was studied, by evaluating the functional activity of mitochondrial ATP synthetase and cytochrome-c-oxidase by ELISA.

Results and discussion: In the course of the study, a positive effect of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid on the state of endothelial function in cerebral ischemia was established, which was expressed in the preservation of vasodilating (restoring the vascular reaction to acetylcholine, nitro-L-arginine methyl ether, L-arginine), antithrombotic (a decrease in the concentration of thromboxane A2, fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor activity by 241.9% (p <0.05), 73.5% (p <0.05), 20.4% (p <0.05), respectively, a decrease in the degree of aggregation and platelet aggregation rate by 56.7 % (p <0.05) and 52.8% (p <0.05), respectively, and anti-inflammatory vascular endothelial function (99.1% C-reactive protein reduction (p <0.05)). The 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid compound in vitro tests suppressed generation of superoxide (IC50 = 1.99 mg/ml) and nitrosyl radical (IC50 = 1.92 mg/ml), eliminated NO-synthase uncoupling, and restored the mitochondrial function (increase in mitochondrial ATP synthase and cytochrome-c-oxidase activity by 23.5% (p <0.05) and 110.8% (p <0.05), respectively).

Conclusion: The study demonstrated the presence of endotheliotropic activity of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid, which is expressed in the preservation of vasodilating, antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory functions of the vascular endothelium in conditions of cerebral ischemia. At the same time, the anti-radical properties of this compound, as well as the direct effect on the functional activity of the NO-synthase system and the improvement of the mitochondrial function, may underlie the endotheliotropic effects of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tret-butylcinnamic acid.
Two new species of the Aenictus wroughtonii species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) from Thailand
Authors: Jaitrong Weeyawat , Ruangsittichai Jiraporn
Published: July 2018

TheAenictuswroughtoniispecies group is widely distributed in Asia. The members of this group are characterised by a slender body, long legs, anterior clypeal margin with 5–10 denticles and a weakly-developed subpetiolar process. Twelve worker-based species of this group have been recorded from Asia. Herein, two new species from Thailand (Aenictusnuchitisp. n.andAenictussamungisp. n.) are added to this group. A key to the Asian species of this group is provided.
Strokovnjaki in drugi uporabniki terminologije kot naslovniki terminoloških slovarjev
Authors: Fajfar Tanja , Žagar Karer Mojca
Published: July 2018

V članku so opredeljeni uporabniki terminologije, ki se s terminologijo ukvarjajo vsak s svojega vidika, zaradi česar imajo kot naslovniki terminoloških slovarjev različne potrebe. Osnovna razlika med skupinami uporabnikov je, da samo strokovnjaki terminologijo razumejo kot nabor poimenovanj za pojme iz pojmovnega sistema posameznega strokovnega področja. Terminologijo prepoznavajo kot poimenovanja za specializirano vsebino, ki jo poimenujejo. Druge skupine uporabnikov terminologije se s terminologijo ne ukvarjajo na pojmovni ravni, ampak na izrazni. Terminološki slovar oz. informacije, ki jih vsebuje, morajo biti zato prilagojeni naslovnikom slovarja.
Poredbeno istraživanje razlogâ odabira osobnog imena u Zagrebu i Sofiji
Authors: Puškar Krunoslav
Published: July 2018

.
Jezikoslovni zapiski 11–20 (2005–2014): bibliografija
Authors: Weiss Peter
Published: July 2018

Bibliografija navaja 297 prispevkov, ki so bili objavljeni v glasilu Inštituta za slovenski jezik ZRC SAZU v Ljubljani Jezikoslovni zapiski (JZ) v drugem desetletju njegovega izhajanja. To nadaljevanje sledi prvemu delu bibliografije, kot si jo je zamislil in jo objavil takratni urednik revije Janez Keber leta 2005 (JZ 11 (2005), št. 1, 153–164).
АкцентнАя системА прото-кельтского языкА нА фоне Акцентных систем других северо- -зАпАдных индоевропейских прАязыков (северо-западная группа индоевропейских языков с точки зрения акцентологии)-Naglasni sistem prakeltščine na podlagi naglasnih sistemov dru
Authors: Дыбо Владимир Антонович
Published: July 2018

Delo nadaljuje serijo avtorjevih objav, posvečenih rekonstrukciji naglasa v severozahodnih indoevropskih prajezikih: baltoslovanščini, pragermanščini, keltoitalščini. V delu je predstavljena rekonstrukcija reﬂeksov indoevropskega paradigmatičnega naglasa v prakeltščini: podana je rekonstrukcija dveh naglasnih paradigem izglagolskih imen s priponami -tu-, -to-, -no- v keltoitalščini in dveh naglasnih paradigem glagolov s koreni, ki se končujejo na ne- šumnike, v prakeltščini: baritonirane (9 glagolov) in oksitonirane (18 glagolov). Navajajo se dokazi splošnoindoevropske narave metatonije »recesivni akut > dominantni cirkumﬂeks«, ki je bil prej ugotovljen za baltoslovanščino.
Pomen, pojavljanje, prevzemanje in prevajanje besede management v slovenščini
Authors: Celinšek Dubravka
Published: July 2018

V obravnavanem gradivu so preučeni razumevanje, raba in zapis besede management v slovenščini. Ob velikem številu sopomenk se pojavi vprašanje o vzrokih za takšno raznovrstnost. Izsledki kažejo, da sta med vzroki za raznovrstnost in neustaljenost poimenovanja za pojem management spreminjanje pomena te besede v teku časa in pod vplivom družbenih okoliščin. Zaradi težnje po domačem izrazu in tudi zaradi nenatančnega razumevanja tega pojma se pojavljajo številne navidezne ali delne sopomenke. Zato kaže ponovno razmisliti o poimenovanju in razumevanju pojma management, predvsem v slovenskem strokovnem jeziku.
Semantička analiza pridevskih deminutiva u prizrensko-timočkim govorima srpskoga jezika/Pomenska analiza pridevniških manjšalnic v prizrensko-timoških govorih srbskega jezika
Authors: V. Žugić Radmila
Published: July 2018

V razpravi je predstavljena splošna definicija pridevniških manjšalnic, ki so potem izčrpno pomensko klasificirane. Prav tako je vzpostavljen odnos pomenskih tipov v okviru splošnih pomenskih kategorij ‚neživo‘ in ‚živo‘ (za osebe), podčrtana pa je tudi razlika v njihovi pomenski strukturi, kar je rezultat različnih parametrov referenčnega pojma, ki jih subjekt podreja osebni oceni.
Ruščina in slovenščina: jezikovna odstopanja v Ruščini pod vplivom slovenščine kot jezika okolja
Authors: Makarova Tominec Irina
Published: July 2018

Prispevek opisuje položaj rusko govorečih priseljencev v Sloveniji, predstavlja rezultate sociolingvistične raziskave jezika predvsem mlajših predstavnikov ruske diaspore in analizira pogostejše spremembe, ki nastajajo v jeziku predvsem druge generacije rusko govorečih prebivalcev Slovenije pod vplivom slovenščine kot jezika okolja. Predstavljen je sistematizirani opis pogostejših odstopanj od ruskega jezikovnega standarda, ugotovljenih tako pri pisnem kot tudi ustnem sporočanju rusko-slovenskih dvojezičnih govorcev. Na podlagi podatkov, zbranih z analizo maturitetnih spisov, osebnih intervjujev in spletnega anketiranja, se ugotavljajo pomembnejši vzroki, ki vplivajo na razvoj sporazumevalne zmožnosti v ruskem jeziku pri dvojezičnih otrocih.
Das Modell zur bestimmung von phrasemen der Bewertungskategorie Affekt/Model za določanje frazemov vrednotenjske kategorije afekt
Authors: Perić Marija , Pavić Pintarić Anita
Published: July 2018

V prispevku so obravnavani frazemi kot jezikovna sredstva za izražanje afekta v okviru vrednotenjske teorije Martina in Whita (2005). Frazemi ne izražajo čustev nujno eksplicitno s pomenom, ampak predvsem v določenem kontekstu. Na podlagi štirih dejavnikov je predlagan model za določanje frazemov vrednotenjske kategorije afekt, predstavljen pa je ob dialogih iz romana Helden wie wir (Junaki kot mi) Thomasa Brussiga.
Osma mednarodna konferenca o jezikovni raznolikosti v Evropi
Authors: Jakop Tjaša
Published: July 2018

.
Jezikovna krajina v Republiki Sloveniji in določbe veljavne zakonske ureditve: raba slovenščine pri izbiri firm oz. Imen pravnih oseb zasebnega prava ter fizičnih oseb, ki opravljajo registrirano dejavnost sociolingvistični vidik)
Authors: Gliha Komac Nataša , Klemenčič Simona , Ledinek Nina , Kozina Jani
Published: July 2018

V prispevku ugotavljamo, kako določbe veljavne zakonske ureditve urejajo slovensko je‑ zikovno krajino. Omejujemo se na problematiko rabe slovenščine pri izbiri firm oz. imen pravnih oseb zasebnega prava ter fizičnih oseb, ki opravljajo registrirano dejavnost. Pri‑spevek opozarja, da relevantna zakonska določila niso povsem usklajena, problematizira vprašanje razmejevanja med slovenskimi in neslovenskimi firmami oz. imeni in orisuje stališča uporabnikov do zakonskih določb – gledano skozi prizmo vpliva zakonodaje na podobo jezikovne krajine.
Naravna skladnja in slogovni razloček med dvojnicama
Authors: Cvetko Orešnik Varja , Orešnik Janez
Published: July 2018

V okviru naravne skladnje (osnove katere so povzete v dodatku) se prispevek osredinja na pare skladenjskih dvojnic, med katerimi je slogovni razloček (npr. ena dvojnica je knjižne narave, druga dvojnica je pogovorne narave). Naravna skladnja zna napovedovati razmestitev slogovnega razločka po dvojnicah. Jezikovno gradivo je angleško. Zajetih je 16 primerov slogovnih razločkov.