bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan pembuatan minuman berserat alami dari buah nanas dan nata de coco
Authors: Ramadani Aisyah Hadi , Rosalina Reny , Ningrum Riska Surya
Published: March 2022

Salah satu sentra produksi nanas di Jawa Timur adalah di Dusun Puhrejo, Kecamatan Ngancar, Kabupaten Kediri. Nanas yang dihasilkan dijual dalam bentuk buah segar dan olahan, contohnya adalah sari nanas. Kualitas produk olahan sari nanas masih kurang maksimal sehingga pada kegiatan ini diberikan pengetahuan dan pelatihan tentang cara pengolahan buah nanas dalam bentuk minuman berserat. Minuman berserat dibuat dari campuran buah nanas yang kaya nutrisi dan nata de coco yang mengandung serat alami. Penambahan nata de coco juga berfungsi sebagai penstabil (emulsifier) agar produk minuman yang dihasilkan memiliki mutu yang lebih baik dan daya simpan yang lebih lama. Terdapat 2 tahapan kegiatan yang diikuti oleh 25 warga Dusun Puhrejo, yaitu penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta mengenai pemanfaatan dan cara pengolahan nanas yang tepat sehingga tidak mengurangi kandungan gizi di dalamnya. Minat peserta untuk mengembangkan produk olahan nanas juga meningkat karena produk yang dihasilkan dapat memberi nilai tambah buah nanas. Produk olahan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini juga dijadikan produk unggulan UMKM Dusun Puhrejo. Training on produce a healthy beverage from pineapple fruits and nata de coco AbstractOne of the pineapple production centers in East Java is in Puhrejo village, Ngancar, Kediri. The pineapple was sold in the fresh and processing fruits, like pineapple juice. But the pineapple juice has low quality so this activity gave information and training about how to process pineapple to be a healthy beverage product. A healthy beverage produced from pineapple that contains many nutritions and nata de coco that contain natural fibre. The aim of addition nata de coco is as emulsifier therefore the beverage obtained from this project has better quality and longer shelf life. The activity was attended by 25 Puhrejo village residents and used two steps, that are counselling and training. The result of the activity is an increase in the community’s knowledge about the potential of pineapple and the right processing of it so the nutrition did not decrease. The desire of the community to process pineapple into a variety of products also increased because that product can provide added value to pineapple. The healthy beverage product from this activity will be a superior product from UMKM of Puhrejo village
Pemanfaatan Media untuk Meningkatkan Kesadaran Perempuan terhadap Kesehatan Reproduksi
Authors: Widyastuti Dhyah Ayu Retno , Vidiadari Irene Santika
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Media merupakan salah satu komponen komunikasi yang mempengaruhi kehidupan manusia sehari-hari. Pada masyarakat yang cenderung aktif, mereka bisa menyeleksi informasi yang ingin dikonsumsi. Namun realitanya, terdapat kondisi perempuan yang harus bekerja di wilayah domestik dengan keterbatasan kemampuan dalam mengakses informasi. Berdasar realita ini, dibutuhkan sebuah program pendampingan literasi media untuk perempuan. Program pendampingan yang dirancang mengombinasikan isu kesehatan reproduksi dan isu pemanfaatan media. Program kegiatan yang dilaksanakan oleh tim meliputi (1) Pengenalan media komunikasi; (2) Pemanfaatan media sebagai sumber informasi dan literasi media; (3) Keterkaitan media dengan kesehatan reproduksi dan pendampingan kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Simpulan dari kegiatan pendampingan ini adalah (a) Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, tim melihat bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan keberadaan jenis-jenis media sosial dan fungsinya; (b) Kelompok sasaran mengakses informasi media sosial yang relevan dengan kebutuhan mereka sehari-hari dalam rangka mendampingi anak; (c) Kelompok sasaran dapat memanfaatkan akses informasi mengenai kesehatan reproduksi; (d) Kemampuan menyaring berita yang tidak benar (hoaks) yang tersebar melalui media sosial yang mereka miliki. Using Media to Increase Awareness of Women’s Reproductive Health Abstract: Communication media is one component of communication that affects human life. For active communities, they can select the information they want to consume. However, there are conditions for women who have to work in domestic areas with limited ability to access information. From this reality, it takes a media literacy program for women. The mentoring program designed combines reproductive health issues and issues of media use. The program activities carried out by the team include (1) Introduction of communication media; (2) Use of the media as a source of information and media literacy; (3) The concept of reproductive health and assisting reproductive health for teenagers. The conclusions from this mentoring activities are (a) Through this service activities, the team see there is an increase in understanding of social media’s variations and their functions;(b) Target groups access social media that is relevant to their daily needs in order to assist their children; (c) Target groups can use access to information on reproductive health; (d) The ability to filter hoax news spread through social media they have.
Artificial Intelligence Education for the Health Workforce: Expert Survey of Approaches and Needs
Authors: Gray Kathleen , Slavotinek John , Dimaguila Gerardo Luis , Choo Dawn
Published: March 2022

Background

The preparation of the current and future health workforce for the possibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) in health care is a growing concern as AI applications emerge in various care settings and specializations. At present, there is no obvious consensus among educators about what needs to be learned or how this learning may be supported or assessed.

Objective

Our study aims to explore health care education experts’ ideas and plans for preparing the health workforce to work with AI and identify critical gaps in curriculum and educational resources across a national health care system.

Methods

A survey canvassed expert views on AI education for the health workforce in terms of educational strategies, subject matter priorities, meaningful learning activities, desired attitudes, and skills. A total of 39 senior people from different health workforce subgroups across Australia provided ratings and free-text responses in late 2020.

Results

The responses highlighted the importance of education on ethical implications, suitability of large data sets for use in AI clinical applications, principles of machine learning, and specific diagnosis and treatment applications of AI as well as alterations to cognitive load during clinical work and the interaction between humans and machines in clinical settings. Respondents also outlined barriers to implementation, such as lack of governance structures and processes, resource constraints, and cultural adjustment.

Conclusions

Further work around the world of the kind reported in this survey can assist educators and education authorities who are responsible for preparing the health workforce to minimize the risks and realize the benefits of implementing AI in health care.
Culture and Ethics in Financial Reporting
Authors: Avi Maria Silvia
Published: March 2022

In recent years, financial reporting as a tool for communicating income and finances to the outside world has been the subject of numerous studies. The dissemination of this document impacts various areas of community life. Generally speaking, financial reporting is studied from the point of view of the rules of preparation and the accounting principles that must be applied for this document to be truthful and transparent. However, in addition to these issues, one cannot overlook the importance of culture and ethics in studying this topic. The culture of financial reporting and ethics identify the new frontiers of the correct preparation of financial reporting, and it is for this reason that it is considered appropriate to devote some observations to these fundamental elements of financial reporting itself.
La relevancia de los lenguajes estéticos en los procesos educativos
Authors: Fernández De Córdova Camila , Mediavilla Naranjo Enrique
Published: March 2022

La puesta en valor del universo de los lenguajes estéticos con relación a las necesidades de la sociedad contemporánea y el permanente cuestionamiento de la vigencia de las estructuras educativas tradicionales desemboca en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas pedagógicas. En este sentido, se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de entretejer los ámbitos artísticos, simbólicos y estéticos con las diversas áreas de aprendizaje, a la luz de perspectivas que tengan la intención de resignificar las dimensiones que configuran los procesos educativos. Además, se vislumbra la importancia de generar oportunidades formativas que atiendan a la figura docente con la intención de que se establezca como el vector fundamental de transformación y mejora de la calidad educativa, a partir de las experiencias cognitivas y emocionales que se generan desde la expresión estética.
Aprendizajes de los profesores sobre la docencia en una sociedad conectada
Authors: Romanowski Joana Paulin , Manosso Cartaxo Simone Regina , Hoça Liliamar , Martins Pura , Mendes Ademir
Published: March 2022

El artículo tiene como problema: ¿cómo aprenden los docentes en una sociedad conectada? El objetivo es conocer cómo son desarrollados los procesos de aprendizaje de los docentes, en una sociedad conectada que les ofrece alternativas, formales e informales, para mejorar su conocimiento profesional. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y los datos fueron obtenidos a través de un cuestionario respondido por 245 docentes de todas las regiones de Brasil. Los hallazgos indican que los docentes aprenden, en la práctica, mediante investigación, de manera interactiva en grupos colaborativos y a través de procesos de autoformación. Se evidencia que la formación docente se produce a través del aprendizaje formal e informal, y que estos aprendizajes se asocian a su formación y desarrollo profesional, y elevan el estatus de profesionalización de los docentes.
Del maestro al educador profesional. Bases para la profesionalización
Authors: Aguerrondo Inés
Published: March 2022

El propósito de este artículo es indagar las dificultades que conlleva el intento de profesionalizar la docencia, ya que el aprendizaje profesional ha sido reconocido como la característica clave de la educación de los profesores. Una razón podría ser que no se ha problematizado la identidad docente ni se ha revisado cómo ciertas clasificaciones o perfiles docentes delimitan las condiciones de posibilidad de la docencia como profesión. Otra razón que conspira contra la profesionalización docente es que pasar la formación docente a la educación superior no significó superar un rasgo que caracteriza a la pedagogía, cuyo origen no está en la reflexión filosófica sino en la moral y el método. Este artículo completa su propósito explicitando las bases de la experiencia de formación docente de la Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, el Modelo de Aprendizaje Inclusivo y Efectivo (AIE), que redefine la identidad profesional dentro de una concepción actualizada del conocimiento, como multidimensional, complejo y situado.
Heart Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jagadeesh Karanam Sai , R Raghavendra
Published: March 2022

Abstract: In this modern times, Heart Disease prediction is one of the most critical tasks in the world. In recent times, a lot of people have died due to heart disease. Machine learning plays a very important role in training and testing the huge amount of data in the medical field. Heart disease prediction is a crucial task to create and evaluate the prediction process to avoid heart disease and alert the patient before he/she suffers from disease. This research predicts the chances of Heart Disease and says whether the patient has heart disease or not by implementing different machine learning techniques such as Decision Tree, Logistic Regression. Finally, this study shows a result of heart disease and Results are obtained and comparative experiments have shown that the proposed approach can be utilized to give the prediction to the patient. Keywords: Machine Learning, Heart Disease, Logistic Regression, Heart Risk, Classification Algorithm.
A Review Paper on Retina Based Cursor Movement Control
Authors: Ali Miss. Aliya Anam Shoukat , Shandilya Dr. V. K.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: In this paper a new system exists which uses human iris for computer interaction. With vast development in recent technologies, modern computing systems are becoming more flexible. Modern computers are capable of processing millions of instructions per second. In such situation, traditional input devices such as mouse or keyboard are relatively slow. This can overcome by human interaction with the computers. With the innovation and development in technologies, motion sensors are capable of capturing positions and natural movement of human body. Due to this a new way for interacting with computers is possible. Hence keeping all this in mind, we propose a system, which is untouched & fast communication system. The system would be capable of capturing eyeball movements which is responsible for Controlling the cursor. The system processes the data from the camera feed, and calibrates the parameter interfaces in accordance to the user. The system then performs computer vision related algorithms to determine the location of the use’s pupils and eyeballs so as to implement Natural eye-computer Interaction Keywords: Human Iris, Cursor Control, Electro-oculography, CAMSHIFT algorithm, Limbus Limbus Tracking, Pupile Pupil tracking.
A Study on a Market Analysis of Cotton at Bodeli Region in Gujarat
Authors: Patel Mr. Vandankumar M , Vaidya Saikrishna , Shah Mr. Vraj S
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Agriculture is essentially unique in relation to industry and it assumes a critical part in the financial improvement of a country. In the line of assault, India's thriving relies on agrarian success. There are numerous sorts of horticultural items delivered in India like Cotton, Tobacco, Paddy, Wheat, Sugarcane, and so forth. The promoting of this multitude of homestead items by and large will in general be a complicated cycle. Farming advertising includes numerous activities furthermore processes through which the food and natural substances move from the homestead to the last shoppers. Agriculture gives products to utilization and commodities and assembling areas. A reasonable advertising framework ought to be planned in order to give a legitimate award or return to the endeavors of the turner of the dirt. Thus, the specialist is planned to distinguish the current and arising possibilities in the development and creation of Cotton in the Bodeli region as well as to examine the radiated and expanding issues in showcasing of Cotton to show up at suitable validation and individual revival. Keywords: Agriculture, Cotton Cultivation, Marketing, Rejuvenation.
Genetic Causes, Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Malformations with Emphasis on Corpus Callosum
Authors: Alomrani Basmah , Javed Murid , Mohammed Ali Hani S. H. , Abo-Aba Salah E. M. , AlBakheet Albandary , Alqudairy Hanan , Kaya Namik
Published: March 2022

The pathological processes of the central nervous system, intrinsic or extrinsic, occurring during the embryonic period are the most common cause of pregnancy termination. The defects of the neural tube which is primitive form of brain and spinal cord are the most common central nervous system (CNS) malformations. In some defects the fetus continues to develop and results in the birth of a child with sever mental and physical deficiencies. The corpus callosum is the largest white matter tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres and permits the transfer of information between the two cerebral hemispheres.  Its partial or complete agenesis is caused by abnormalities during embryonic development. The severity of symptoms varies widely depending on the degree of dysgenesis. Hypotonia, visual impairment, seizures, spasticity, motor co-ordination issues, and atypical facial features are common symptoms. In this review we focus on genetic causes, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of various malformations of central nervous system with special emphasis on Corpus Callosum.
A Rare Simultaneous Occurrence of Appendiceal Diverticulitis and Peptic Ulcer that Leads to Abdominal Peritonitis Symptoms
Authors: Moayerifar Maziar , Torabi Hossein , Shirini Kasra , Ashoorian Yalda
Published: March 2022

Appendiceal diverticulitis is a rare condition that can mimic other
diseases’ symptoms or cause different symptoms because of its various
complications. However, one of the most frequent complications of this
disease is perforation, leading to other serious problems such as
peritonitis. This complication can threaten a patient’s health
condition.
An autopsy case of COVID-19 with a sudden death : Clinico-pathological comparison.
Authors: Shishido-Hfara Yukiko , Furukawa Keizo , Nishio Manabu , Honda Kohei , Tando So , Yaoi Takeshi , Kawamoto Masataka , Maehara Yosuke , Nakaya Takaaki , Itoh Kyoko
Published: March 2022

Autopsy was performed on a COVID-19 patient, who suddenly died despite
the extensive anti-viral and anti-inflammatory therapies. Although
moderate subpleural fibrosis was seen, pathology of DAD, a well-known
cause for pulmonary failure, was minimum. Instead, severe hemorrhage was
observed. Therapeutic effects were indicated, however why severe
hemorrhage occurred was unclear.
Successful liver and kidneys transplant following aortic dissection and subclavian artery rupture: A case report
Authors: Mesgarha Milad Gholizadeh , Davani Sam Zeraatian Nejad , Talebi Aisa , Shahrbabaki Ali Saberi , Mohammad Arash Pour , Shafikhani Yazdan
Published: March 2022

Despite the increasing number of liver and kidney transplants, the
number of awaiting patients for a proper donor is still exceeding.
Therefore, the preservation of donor’s organs is critically advocated.
Herein, we presented a successful liver and kidneys transplant from a
brain dead donor who was found preoperatively to have simultaneous
aortic dissection and intramural hematoma, and additionally developed
left subclavian artery dissection and perforation following sternotomy.
This case experience highlights the key role of cardiac surgeons to
preserve visceral organs by rapid repair of aorta and its branches
perforation site and dissection which culminate in lifesaving organ
donation.
NUMERICAL MODELING OF GAS-LIQUID FLOW BASED ON THE EULER APPROACH
Authors: VALEEV AIDAR A. , SNIGEREV BORIS A.
Published: March 2022

The authors consider the problem of introducing a monodisperse bubbly flow into a liquid at different speeds; present the numerical simulation results for the structure of a two-phase flow of a gas-liquid bubble mixture in a vertical rectangular channel. The mathematical model is based on the Euler description of the mass conservation, momentum for the liquid and gas phases, written within the theory of interacting continua. The dependence of the water column on the flow rate has been established and the structure of media mixing has been obtained.
DESIGNING A MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM FOR RESOLVING INTERFUNCTIONAL CONFLICTS IN AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: SHVETCOV ANATOLY N. , DIANOV SERGEY V. , DIANOV DANIIL S.
Published: March 2022

The authors consider the approaches to developing multi-agent systems that provide decision support in the processes of interfunctional conflicts in enterprises based on the analysis of information flows. The paper considers the problem of the interfunctional conflicts, presents the approaches developed by the authors to describe the architecture of a multi-agent system for resolving interfunctional conflicts, the technology of its design, as well as the experience of implementing a prototype of a multi-agent system.
Sexual Coercion, Unintended Pregnancy, and Poor Reproductive Health Among Adolescent Girls (Aged 13-19) in Mexico
Authors:   Sambalpur University, India, Kumar Acharya Arun , Martinez-Sanchez Maria Luisa ,   Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mexico
Published: March 2022

In Mexico, nearly 23,000 adolescents between the ages of 12-17 years suffer sexual coercion every year. This group also has a high birth rate of 77/1,000 adolescents, which indicates that one in every five pregnant women is an adolescent. This study describes the sexual coercion of victims and their views regarding the experience based on data collected from 37 Mexican girls between the age of 13 to 19, selected purposively using the snowball method in Monterrey city, Mexico. Results indicate that sexual coercion among adolescents is a serious problem, where 70% of adolescents experienced vaginal sexual coercion, nearly 22% experienced vaginal and oral sexual coercion, and eight percent suffered vaginal, verbal, and anal sexual coercion. Almost 50% of adolescent girls suffered sexual coercion by multiple partners. Of 37 girls’ responses, nearly one-fourth of them (nine adolescents) said that they suffered unintended pregnancy due to coercion, and many of them suffered from different types of sexually transmitted diseases, which may reduce their reproductive potential in the long term. This research study showed an association between sexual coercion and reproductive health outcomes among adolescents. Sexually coerced adolescents experience many reproductive health problems such as pain or burning while urinating, irregular menstruation, itching or irritation, lower abdominal pain, and vaginal discharge.
Sel Induk Mesenchymal Secretome untuk Gangguan Permukaan Okular
Authors: Arifka Mia , Wathoni Nasrul , Wilar Gofarana
Published: March 2022

Gangguan permukaan okular adalah sekelompok penyakit heterogen yang sangat umum dengan berbagai etiologi dan gejala serta merupakan faktor risiko dengan komplikasi serius pada mata. Obat-obatan saat ini termasuk obat tetes mata yang dijual bebas tidak mengobati gangguan permukaan okular atau telah dikaitkan dengan berbagai efek samping yang mengarah pada pengobatan alternatif menggunakan terapi sel induk. Sel induk mesenchymal (MSC) adalah sel induk multipoten yang berpartisipasi dalam perbaikan jaringan dan memiliki potensi imunomodulator yang cukup besar untuk mengatasi gangguan permukaan okular. MSC mensekresi secretome dengan aktivitas autokrin dan parakrin yang bekerja menghambatan fibrosis dan apoptosis, penekanan sistem kekebalan lokal, peningkatan angiogenesis, dan diferensiasi sel induk dengan melibatkan faktor-faktor terlarut seperti IL-10, TGF-β1, IL-6, TNF-α dan faktor pertumbuhan endotel vaskular (VEGF). Aplikasi MSC-secretome pada kornea tikus setelah cedera secara in vivo diketahui mencegah perkembangan neovaskularisasi kornea. Mekanisme immunomodulasi MSC-secretome dalam memediasi regulasi inflamasi, angiogenesis dan neovaskularisasi pada gangguan permukaan okular dibahas dalam ulasan ini.
Combining Image Processing Techniques and Mobile Sensor Information for Marker-less Augmented Reality Based Reconstruction
Authors: Weerakkody I. S. , Sandaruwan K. D. , Kodikara N. D.
Published: March 2022

Marker-less Augmented Reality(AR) based recon- struction using mobile devices, is a near impossible task. When considering vision based tracking approaches, it is due to the lack of processing power in mobile devices and when considering mobile sensor based tracking approaches, it is due to the lack of accuracy in mobile Global Positioning System(GPS).
In order to address this problem this research presents a novel approach which combines image processing techniques and mobile sensor information which can be used to perform precise position localization in order to perform augmented reality based reconstruction using mobile devices. The core of this proposed methodology is tightly bound with the image processing technique which is used to identify the object scale in a given image, which is taken from the user’s mobile device. Use of mobile sensor information was to classify the most optimal locations for a given particular user location.
This proposed methodology has been evaluated against the results obtained using 10cm accurate Real-Time Kinematic(RTK) device and against the results obtained using only the Assisted Global  Positioning  System(A-GPS)  chips  in  mobile  devices. Though  this  proposed  methodology  require  more  processing time than A-GPS chips, the accuracy level of this proposed methodology outperforms that of A-GPS chips and the results of the experiments carried out further convince that this proposed methodology facilitates improving the accuracy of position local- ization for augmented reality based reconstruction using mobile devices under certain limitations.
A Review of Smishing Attaks Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Njuguna David Ng’ang’a , Kamau John , Kaburu Dennis
Published: March 2022

Mobile Smishing crime has continued to escalate globally due to technology enhancements and people's growing dependence on smartphones and other technologies. SMS facilitates the distribution of crucial information that is principally important for non-digital savvy users who are typically underprivileged. Smishing, often known as SMS phishing, entails transmitting deceptive text messages to lure someone into revealing individual information or installing malware. The number of incidences of smishing has increased tremendously as the internet and cellphones have spread to even the most remote regions of the globe.
The Relationship between Waldorf Pedagogy and Information and Communication Technologies in Hungary
Authors: Turós Mátyás
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The number of two-to three-year-old children using mobile phones was 10% in 2013 compared to 40% in 2017 (Konok, Bunford, & Miklósi, 2020). Several theoretical and empirical studies deal with the didactics of using modern technology in the classroom. Most studies highlight the neutral (Zsolnai, 2017) or positive impact of using ICT in the classroom. Only a few address the negative effects of digitally enhanced learning (Dávila, Casabayó, & Rayburn, 2018; Livingstone, 2012; Lorenzo & Trujillo, 2018). State education has continually tried to integrate modern technology with education, but there are also examples of institutional restrictions on its use and even a total ban can also be found.

Purpose: This study provides an overview of the pedagogical and epistemological reasons why Waldorf pedagogy and Waldorf Steiner schools take a critical approach to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) and to “screens” in general, together with mapping out the current state of Waldorf schools in Hungary.

Methods: In the present study, we applied source analysis as a traditional research method in the philosophy of education.

Conclusions: The findings show that the institutional use of information and communication technologies entirely contradicts the basis, tasks and spirit of Waldorf pedagogy. If we look at the epistemology and anthroposophical anthropology of Waldorf pedagogy, we can see that the autonomy of a Waldorf teacher is not limitless, and so a continuous practical and theoretical responsibility of the Waldorf movement and Waldorf teachers is to establish and uphold coherence between the practices of every Waldorf institution and Waldorf pedagogy.
Suborbital Vehicles to Study Transition Adaptation to Spaceflight – Why Biologists Should Care About the New Suborbital Flight Opportunities
Authors: Ferl Robert J.
Published: March 2022

The advent of the new generation of suborbital space vehicles is opening up a new and exciting realm of space science that should be of great interest to biologists. These vehicles make it possible to explore biological responses and adaptations that occur in the first few minutes of entering spaceflight and also in the first few minutes after return from space. Historically these transition stages in spaceflight have simply not been available for research, especially within human-rated vehicles. Given that complex biological responses are seldom linear over time, and that essentially all current experiments on the International Space Station (ISS) are conducted after stabilization on orbit, biologists are missing the chance to understand the pathways that lead from terrestrial existence to successful spaceflight adaptation and back. Studies conducted on suborbital spacecraft can therefore be an innovative approach to filling a substantial gap in knowledge regarding the temporal dynamics of biological responses to successful spaceflight physiological adaptation.
Dirofilaria repens in dogs and humans in Slovenia
Authors: Kotnik Tina , Rataj Aleksandra Vergles , Šoba Barbara
Published: March 2022

Introduction

The prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in dogs in countries bordering Slovenia ranges from 1.5% to 47.3%. The aim of this study was to estimate its prevalence in Slovenian dogs and to present the cases of dirofilariasis diagnosed in humans from 2010 to 2020.

Material and Methods

Epidemiological data were collected and blood samples were taken from 465 dogs older than one year and born in Slovenia. A real-time PCR was performed on all samples to detect filarioid DNA, and a D. repens-and D. immitis-specific real-time PCR was performed on positive samples. Blood samples from 446 dogs were tested for Dirofilaria spp. using a modified Knott’s test. Human cases were diagnosed from histological sections of excised subcutaneous nodules. Descriptive statistics were used to characterise the samples. The one-sample nonparametric chi-squared test was used to assess whether categories of a variable were equally distributed.

Results

Three dogs’ samples tested positive for D. repens using the species-specific real-time PCR, while D. immitis DNA was not detected. The modified Knott’s test was positive in two of the three PCR-positive dogs, two of which had never travelled outside Slovenia’s borders. Four human patients with D. repens dirofilariasis were diagnosed. Since their travel history was unknown, autochthonous transmission could not be confirmed.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated a 0.64% prevalence of D. repens infection in dogs in Slovenia. Two cases could be autochthonous.
Sizing and Simulation for Optimization of a Ventilation Installation Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Toma Petrică Daniel
Published: March 2022

In this article we present the way how to create a program in the Scilab-Xcos environment with which it can be dimensioned, mathematically modeled and simulated a ventilation installation using artificial intelligence for its implementation.

The mathematical equations implemented in the program with which the dimensioning and simulation are done are presented.

A neuro-fuzzy system was used to generate the fan characteristics.
Comprehensive Analysis of Privacy Leakage in Vertical Federated Learning During Prediction
Authors: Jiang Xue , Zhou Xuebing , Grossklags Jens
Published: March 2022

Vertical federated learning (VFL), a variant of federated learning, has recently attracted increasing attention. An active party having the true labels jointly trains a model with other parties (referred to as passive parties) in order to use more features to achieve higher model accuracy. During the prediction phase, all the parties collaboratively compute the predicted confidence scores of each target record and the results will be finally returned to the active party. However, a recent study by Luo et al. [28] pointed out that the active party can use these confidence scores to reconstruct passive-party features and cause severe privacy leakage.

In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of privacy leakage in VFL frameworks during the prediction phase. Our study improves on previous work [28] regarding two aspects. We first design a general gradient-based reconstruction attack framework that can be flexibly applied to simple logistic regression models as well as multi-layer neural networks. Moreover, besides performing the attack under the white-box setting, we give the first attempt to conduct the attack under the black-box setting. Extensive experiments on a number of real-world datasets show that our proposed attack is effective under different settings and can achieve at best twice or thrice of a reduction of attack error compared to previous work [28]. We further analyze a list of potential mitigation approaches and compare their privacy-utility performances. Experimental results demonstrate that privacy leakage from the confidence scores is a substantial privacy risk in VFL frameworks during the prediction phase, which cannot be simply solved by crypto-based confidentiality approaches. On the other hand, processing the confidence scores with information compression and randomization approaches can provide strengthened privacy protection.
Efficient Set Membership Proofs using MPC-in-the-Head
Authors: Goel Aarushi , Green Matthew , Hall-Andersen Mathias , Kaptchuk Gabriel
Published: March 2022

Set membership proofs are an invaluable part of privacy preserving systems. These proofs allow a prover to demonstrate knowledge of a witness w corresponding to a secret element x of a public set, such that they jointly satisfy a given NP relation, i.e. ℛ(w, x) = 1 and x is a member of a public set {x
1, . . . , x𝓁}. This allows the identity of the prover to remain hidden, eg. ring signatures and confidential transactions in cryptocurrencies.

In this work, we develop a new technique for efficiently adding logarithmic-sized set membership proofs to any MPC-in-the-head based zero-knowledge protocol (Ishai et al. [STOC’07]). We integrate our technique into an open source implementation of the state-of-the-art, post quantum secure zero-knowledge protocol of Katz et al. [CCS’18].We find that using our techniques to construct ring signatures results in signatures (based only on symmetric key primitives) that are between 5 and 10 times smaller than state-of-the-art techniques based on the same assumptions. We also show that our techniques can be used to efficiently construct post-quantum secure RingCT from only symmetric key primitives.
How to prove any NP statement jointly? Efficient Distributed-prover Zero-Knowledge Protocols
Authors: Dayama Pankaj , Patra Arpita , Paul Protik , Singh Nitin , Vinayagamurthy Dhinakaran
Published: March 2022

Traditional zero-knowledge protocols have been studied and optimized for the setting where a single prover holds the complete witness and tries to convince a verifier about a predicate on the witness, without revealing any additional information to the verifier. In this work, we study the notion of distributed-prover zero knowledge (DPZK) for arbitrary predicates where the witness is shared among multiple mutually distrusting provers and they want to convince a verifier that their shares together satisfy the predicate. We make the following contributions to the notion of distributed proof generation: (i) we propose a new MPC-style security definition to capture the adversarial settings possible for different collusion models between the provers and the verifier, (ii) we discuss new efficiency parameters for distributed proof generation such as the number of rounds of interaction and the amount of communication among the provers, and (iii) we propose a compiler that realizes distributed proof generation from the zero-knowledge protocols in the Interactive Oracle Proofs (IOP) paradigm. Our compiler can be used to obtain DPZK from arbitrary IOP protocols, but the concrete efficiency overheads are substantial in general. To this end, we contribute (iv) a new zero-knowledge IOP Graphene which can be compiled into an efficient DPZK protocol. The (D + 1)-DPZK protocol D-Graphene, with D provers and one verifier, admitsO(N1/c) proof size with a communication complexity ofO(D2·(N1−2/c+Ns)), whereNis the number of gates in the arithmetic circuit representing the predicate andNsis the number of wires that depends on inputs from two or more parties. Significantly, only the distributed proof generation in D-Graphene requires interaction among the provers. D-Graphene compares favourably with the DPZK protocols obtained from the state-of-art zero-knowledge protocols, even those not modelled as IOPs.
Visualizing Privacy-Utility Trade-Offs in Differentially Private Data Releases
Authors: Nanayakkara Priyanka , Bater Johes , He Xi , Hullman Jessica , Rogers Jennie
Published: March 2022

Organizations often collect private data and release aggregate statistics for the public’s benefit. If no steps toward preserving privacy are taken, adversaries may use released statistics to deduce unauthorized information about the individuals described in the private dataset. Differentially private algorithms address this challenge by slightly perturbing underlying statistics with noise, thereby mathematically limiting the amount of information that may be deduced from each data release. Properly calibrating these algorithms—and in turn the disclosure risk for people described in the dataset—requires a data curator to choose a value for a privacy budget parameter,ɛ. However, there is little formal guidance for choosingɛ, a task that requires reasoning about the probabilistic privacy–utility tradeoff. Furthermore, choosingɛin the context of statistical inference requires reasoning about accuracy trade-offs in the presence of both measurement error and differential privacy (DP) noise.

We presentVisualizingPrivacy (ViP), an interactive interface that visualizes relationships betweenɛ, accuracy, and disclosure risk to support setting and splittingɛamong queries. As a user adjustsɛ, ViP dynamically updates visualizations depicting expected accuracy and risk. ViP also has an inference setting, allowing a user to reason about the impact of DP noise on statistical inferences. Finally, we present results of a study where 16 research practitioners with little to no DP background completed a set of tasks related to settingɛusing both ViP and a control. We find that ViP helps participants more correctly answer questions related to judging the probability of where a DP-noised release is likely to fall and comparing between DP-noised and non-private confidence intervals.
Effect of Biodegradable Packaging on the Shelf-Life of Pasteurised Whole Egg Mass
Authors: Kočetkovs Vjaceslavs , Muižniece-Brasava Sandra
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two types of packaging on the change in quality indicators of pasteurised liquid egg mass. Traditionally, the shelf-life of pasteurised liquid egg mass is up to 28 days. The increase in shelf-life would increase the exportation options of this product. The liquid egg mass was pasteurised on the equipment Ovobel AR56SH; the pasteurisation process continued for 60 minutes, reaching a maximum temperature from 65 °C to 68 °C (hold time: 360 seconds). This paper focuses on two main packaging materials: high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and Tetra Rex® Bio-based. Forty-two samples of each packaging material were used to study the contents. Changes in the quality of samples during storage were estimated by measuring the total bacterial count (CFU/g) from 200 at the start of shelf-life up to 30×105 units (LVS ISO 4833-1:2014). Data in the test was explored with Anova: Single Factor statistical model and correlation method. Data that was obtained emphasises the importance of packaging type, which could provide stable quality of ready-to-use products for a duration of up to forty-five days.
Effect of Pre-Treatment on the Quality of Smoked Baltic Sprats
Authors: Pūķe Santa , Galoburda Ruta , Straumīte Evita
Published: March 2022

Baltic sprats (Sprattus sprattus balticus) are a good source of protein, vitamins D3, B12, minerals, and unsaturated fats. In response to consumer demand, various types of fish products of stable quality are available all year round. Pre-treatment with brine containing acetic acid, salt (NaCl), and/or granulated CaCl2 in various concentrations and proportions can be used to stabilise quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various pre-treatment methods on smoked Baltic sprat sensory and technological parameters. Prior to smoking, fish was treated in a solution of additives in various proportions for 30 min. Untreated sprats were used as a control sample. The use of pre-treatment allowed reduction of the smoking losses; the combination of NaCl and acetic acid resulted in about 26% smoking loss. If no pre-treatment was applied, the drying losses after 24-hour storage were 1.6%, while using the solution of NaCl and CaCl2 it decreased to 0.3%. Both the pre-treatment method and freezing affected fish pH. The pH of smoked fresh sprats was 6.73 and for smoked frozen sprats, it was 6.38. Sensory testing using the Just About Right (JAR) method demonstrated that the use of acetic acid made smoked fish texture firmer.
Quality of Different Coloured Tomatoes Depending on the Growing Season
Authors: Dūma Māra , Alsiņa Ina , Dubova Laila , Gavare Diāna , Erdberga Ieva
Published: March 2022

Tomatoes have been widely used in nutrition, as well as in nutritional medicine. Red tomatoes are used for the treatment of anaemia, they contain the antioxidant lycopene, and the high concentration of organic acids promotes digestion. Yellow tomatoes have valuable amounts of ß-carotene, the pigment that gives orange and yellow tomatoes their colour, and helps to neutralise free radicals that may damage cells. The size of brown tomatoes is smaller than an average tomato, but they are sweeter, due to higher concentration of fructose. Cherry tomatoes are among the smallest tomatoes commercially available, but they are known for being rich in carotenoids, lycopene and phenolic compounds. The aim of the study was to evaluate how the concentration of biologically active substances differs depending on the tomato growing season. The study examined four varieties of tomatoes (Bolzano F1 — yellow, Chocomate F1— brown, Encore F1 — red, Strabena F1— red cherry) grown in an industrial greenhouse “Mežvidi” (Latvia) using additional light. The concentration of biologically active substances (lycopene, ß-carotene, total phenolic compounds, and soluble solids) was determined in two vegetation periods — autumn (November) and spring (March). The obtained results showed that tomatoes harvested in autumn contained more biologically active substances than in spring, as many biological processes in plants occur more rapidly at the beginning rather than in the middle or at the end of the vegetation season. Therefore, the concentration of secondary metabolites in tomatoes is higher at the end of the season. In autumn, cherry tomatoes Strabena contained the highest amount of pigments, total phenols, and soluble solids, and therefore the taste index of this variety also was the highest. In spring, pigment concentration was significantly lower (on average by 20–30%), and phenols and soluble solids concentration (oBrix) was not significantly lower — on average by 2–4%. Of the large-fruit tomatoes, at the beginning of vegetation season (autumn), the highest amounts of pigments were in red tomatoes (Encore) — lycopene concentration 4.63 ± 0.04 mg·100 g−1; yellow tomatoes Bolzano were rich in phenolic compounds — 128.46 ± 3.25 GAE mg·100−1, and brown tomatoes Chocomate had the highest soluble solids concentration — 4.48 ± 0.05 oBrix. In spring, the concentration of biologically active substances was lower on average by 10–15%, regardless of the colour and variety of the tomato.
Assessment of Bioactive Compounds in Red Wines Available for Purchase in Latvia
Authors: Legzdiņa Zane , Straumīte Evita , Krūma Zanda
Published: March 2022

Moderate consumption of wine is associated with positive health effects. Red wine contains more polyphenolic compounds than white wine, so it is considered healthier. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of bioactive compounds of red grape and berry wines available for purchase in Latvia. A selection of 15 red grape and berry wines purchased in Latvian supermarkets were analysed. The total phenol concentration was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method with minor modifications. Total flavonoid concentration was determined using the colorimetric flavonoid determination method. Antiradical activity was determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydraziyl) reagent and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical cation determination method. The results show that the analysed red wine samples can be divided into five clusters according to the concentration of total phenols, flavonoids, and antiradical activity. Cluster 1 separately divided Latvian black chokeberry wine, with high total phenol concentration (TPC) and total flavonoid concentration (TFC), high antiradical activity via the DPPH method, and relatively low antiradical activity via ABTS method. Cluster 4 combined red wines with medium TPC, high TFC and high antiradical activity via both DPPH and ABTS methods, and included grape wines from different countries of origin. Cluster 5 combined red wines with high TPC, medium TFC, and medium antiradical activity via both DPPH and ABTS methods.
Peran Financial Distress dalam Pengaruh Konservatisme Akuntansi terhadap Tax Avoidance
Authors: Gunarto Natania Aurielle , Adi Priyo Hari
Published: March 2022

Many studies about the influence of accounting conservatism on tax avoidance have been carried out but have not considered the role of financial distress. This study aims to examine the influence of accounting conservatism on tax avoidance which is moderated by financial distress. This study is quantitative research on basic material companies listed on IDX from 2015 until 2019. A total of 56 samples from 95 populations were obtained by the purposive sampling technique. The data used is secondary data comprised of financial statements and annual reports from each company which will be analyzed using path analysis. The result shows that accounting conservatism has a positive but not significant on tax avoidance and financial distress is unable to moderate the influence of accounting conservatism on tax avoidance. 

Keywords: Accounting Conservatism; Financial distress; Tax avoidance; Corporate Tax.
Corporate Governance, Ukuran Perusahaan, Asimetri Informasi dan Manajemen Laba
Authors: Wibowo Adelphia Christian , Sari Maria Mediatrix Ratna
Published: March 2022

The research was conducted with the aim of finding empirical evidence regarding earnings management that is influenced by corporate governance, firm size and information asymmetry. The study involved 100 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2019 with 300 samples of observation. The results of the research analysis found that the presence of women on the board of directors, commissioners and audit committees has not been able to minimize earnings management practices. The larger the size of a company and the information asymmetry that occurs, the greater the possibility of earnings management practices carried out by the company.

Keywords: Corporate Governance; Company Size; Information Asymmetry; Earnings Management.
Dapatkah Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Memoderasi Pengaruh Koneksi Politik dan Kepemilikan Manajerial Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak?
Authors: Sumingtio Andre , Trisnawati Estralita , Firmansyah Amrie
Published: March 2022

The political connections owned by the company become the motivation to carry out tax aggressiveness by reducing political costs and choosing parties who have special affinity with the government. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of political connections, managerial ownership and disclosure of governance on tax aggressiveness with disclosure of social responsibility as a moderating variable. The research data uses non-consumer goods sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period and obtained a total of 148 observations. The data analysis tool used is Wrap Partial Least Square (PLS) 7.0 software. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the moderating variable of social responsibility disclosure is able to moderate the effect of political connections and managerial ownership, and managerial ownership on tax aggressiveness.

Keywords: Tax Aggressiveness; Political Connections; Managerial Ownership; Good Corporate Governance; Corporate Social Responsibility.