bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRIMARY MORBIDITY AND DISABILITY OF THE ADULT POPULATION DUE TO PANCREATIC DISEASES IN THE BELGOROD REGION IN DYNAMICS FOR 2011–2018
Authors:   Federal Bureau of medical and social expertise for the Belgorod region, Ministry of labor of Russia, Belgorod, Urusova M.A. ,   Federal state Autonomous educational institution national research university «BelSU», Belgorod
Published: October 2020

The analysis of indicators of primary disability due to diseases of pancreas among adult population of the Belgorod region during 8 years. Rank places of diseases of digestive organs in structure of morbidity and primary disability were defined. The revealed main features and trends of morbidity and disability, were investigated to further optimization of medico-social service and improved support to this contingent of disabled people
SOME SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF DISABILITY DUE TO STOMACH CANCER IN THE CITY OF MOSCOW 2017–2019
Authors:   «Krasnogorsk city hospital 1», Filippov V.V. , Puzin S.N. ,   «Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the social and hygienic characteristics of people with disabilities due to stomach cancer in the city of Moscow for the period 2017–2019. The trend in recent years towards a decrease in the main indicators of disability due to this pathology is reflected. At the same time, a rather high percentage of disabled people of I and II groups was noted among those who were first recognized as disabled in this category of respondents, including the prevalence among the studied contingent, regardless of gender and disability group, of people over working age.
ASSESSMENT OF THE DEGREE OF DYSFUNCTION DISORDERS OF BODY FUNCTIONS IN COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors:   The Federal State Budgetary Institution «Saint-Petersburg Postgraduate Institute of Medical experts» of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, St-Petersburg, Russia, Dovgaluk A.Z. , Spiridonova V.S. ,   The Federal State Budgetary Institution «Saint-Petersburg Postgraduate Institute of Medical experts» of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, St-Petersburg, Russia, Sklyarenko R.T. ,   The Federal State Budgetary Institution «Saint-Petersburg Postgraduate Institute of Medical experts» of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, St-Petersburg, Russia, Omarov M.A. ,   Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise, Moscow, Russia, Fizitskaya V.D. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: October 2020

This article aims to assess the degree of dysfunction in patients with colorectal cancer. The characteristic features of patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed taking into account the classification of TNM 7. On the basis of the analysis of clinical data (local factors, stage of the disease, treatment, complications, longterm consequences, relapse and metastases), the degree of impairment of body functions and restrictions of vital activity were determined.
IS THERE A FUTURE FOR RUSSIAN ORGANIC MILK?
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Leshchukov K.A. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

At this point, dairy farming is a system-forming branch of the agricultural business, which allows efficient transfer of innovative technologies to the agro-industrial complex as a whole, and the issue of organic production, including milk and dairy products, is now becoming more and more apparent. With the law "On organic products” coming into effect, new opportunities are presented for agricultural producers of all forms of ownership, and the production of organic milk can become one of the drivers of the dairy farming development in Russia. Organic production in Russia began to form a special segment of the agricultural market, which is distinguished, on the one hand, by the increased cost of production in comparison with traditional technologies. On the other hand, its high marginality contributes to the entry of new players into the market, the emergence of various forms of collaboration and the attraction of large investments with state support. This is facilitated by the growth of commercial milk production, the development of the legal framework, state regulation and financial support for agricultural producers, and the commissioning of new certified enterprises for the production of organic milk with high margins. The purpose of the research was to analyze the domestic and foreign organic milk markets, as well as to consider the pros and cons of organic production in the modern market. The article deals with issues significant to both worldwide and Russian organic milk production, it also presents the basic principles of certification and regulation of the market, and talks about problems of pricing and consumption.
REACTION OF OAK PRUDENCE SOYBEANS TO FOLIAR FERTILIZATION WITH MACRO-AND MICRO-FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE OREL REGION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Bobkova Yu.А. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The range of modern domestic and foreign fertilizers is constantly growing. Now the composition of fertilizers for foliar fertilizing, in addition to the main macronutrients, includes a large amount of trace elements necessary in a specific growing season. Such fertilizers are convenient for the use in tank mixtures with pesticides and are quite popular nowadays. This work is devoted to the comparative analysis of five different combinations of fertilizers: Basaplant (Germany), Nutrimix (EuroChem, Russia), water-soluble fertilizer NPK 20-20-20 (EuroChem, Russia) as a soybean foliar fertilizing in the Orel region. As a result of the research, it was found out that the use of foliar fertilizing has a positive effect on the yield and quality of soybean variety Oak prudence. In terms of soybean yield in comparison with other options, the option with The EuroChem 20-20-20 fertilizer proved to be the best one, which indicated the efficiency of its use in the conditions of the Orel region. High yield of soybean grain in the studied fertilizer application options was due to a large number of beans and seeds on the plant, as well as high seed productivity of these options. The optimal values of the acid index of the oil had variants with EuroChem+Nutrimix and EuroChem 20-20-20. The calculation of the economic efficiency of soybean cultivation based on the variants of the experiment showed that it was the most profitable to cultivate soybeans in the conditions of the Orel region with the use of EuroChem 20-20-20 fertilizer. The profitability of this option was the maximum and amounted to 65%. The use of alternative more expensive fertilizer Basaplant (Germany) as a foliar fertilizer leads to an increase in the cost of production and reduces the profitability of production
APPLICATION OF CASH RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY TO OPTIMIZE THE CREDIT POLICY OF A COMMERCIAL BANK FOR IMPROVING WELFARE OF THE RURAL POPULATION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Alentieva N.V. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article reveals and analyzes the advantages of ATMs with the function of cash recycling to improve welfare of the rural population. The bank's credit policy is based on the basis for the entire lending process, which determines its objective parameters and features. Its main goal is to maximize profits while minimizing potential risks. In the world market, the use of recycling technology in the banking sector remains in demand. Its use ensures constant availability of banknotes in the ATM, and this allows ATM to work for a long time without stopping for cash-in-transit services, which is a significant advantage for users. At present, the technology of cash recycling is a promising direction in the field of self-service banking and has a huge potential for its development. Due to the increase in the number of such devices,banking services are becoming available to potential consumers. The credit policy of a commercial bank in this direction provides an opportunity to attract a larger number of clients, at relatively low operating costs. ATMs with a cash recycling function are widely used in European countries, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. In Russia, such first ATMs appeared about 15 years ago, but due to their high cost, not every financial institution can use them in their work. The demand for ATMs with cash recycling is growing steadily around the world. Now, when it has become clear that ATMs with recycling function can reduce the costs of cash-in-transit serices, many banks when buying terminals include recycling in the list of basic functional requirements for new equipment. These technologies will allow financial organizations to save time on equipment maintenance and optimize costs.
REGIONAL EXPORT POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE OREL REGION)
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Sevostyanov A.L. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article considers the problems, promotion and support of the export potential of agricultural products at the regional level, which should become the next growth point for Russian agriculture. The practice of the last decade in the agricultural sector of Russia shows a significant transformation from the predominance of food imports to the realization of export potential. So, in the Orel region, the export of agricultural products tends to increase; in 2019, agricultural products were exported at $ 88.8 million (growth by 2017 was 24.8%). The leading position in the export structure of Orel agribusiness is wheat, an important direction of regional export is also given to oil and oilseeds, which are the fastest growing industries on the world market, and the Orel region contributes to their development. Despite the reduction grain crops areas in the Orel region, the forecast for the harvest of 2020 is 3 million tons. The Orel region sees the main task of the agro-industrial complex in reaching the total gross harvest of crop production in the amount of 3.7 million tons, which will provide jobs, processing raw materials. The list of directions of state support for export of agricultural products is given. The conclusion is drawn about the most significant prospects for the export potential of agricultural products at the regional level, where its further development is laid. The article emphasizes the need to stimulate the activities of exporters of agricultural products through reducing the cost of exported products.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE SMALL BUSINESS TAX SYSTEM
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Chistyakova M.K. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the principles and systems of taxation for small business. Today, that choice of special tax regimes is relevant, in which an entrepreneur or organization must calculate the total tax burden in accordance with various economic indicators of activity, taking into account all the nuances and prospects for future business development. Small business is a sector which favorable development is extremely important for determining the rate of economic growth of the national economy, the level of employment, the quality and structure of the gross national product. The development of small businesses largely depends on the domestic and foreign policy of the state. In modern conditions, a small enterprise is a small firm managed by an independent owner. Also, this company does not occupy a dominant position in the market in its industry and meets certain legal norms, criteria for the number of employees who work for the company during the reporting period and the income that it receives. The article considers the current criteria for determining organizations and classifying them as small businesses. The object of taxation, and in this case small business, determines the appropriate special regimes. The paper proposes tax planning using the method of tax express analysis using analytical indicators. In conclusion, we describe the analysis of tax risks that are necessary for effective tax planning of the small business. In general, the study suggests optimizing the tax system for small business in order to develop it effectively
MORPHOBIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTING ORNAMENTAL CROPS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Dogadina M.A. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article discusses alternative ways of protecting ornamental plants from stress factors of a biotic nature by increasing passive immunity when using environmentally friendly unconventional fertilizers as the main source of macro- and microelements and biologically active substances that differ in adaptogenic and immunomodulatory properties. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a complex of biologically active substances and nontraditional fertilizers on the development of resisting of ornamental plants. The objects of the study were ornamental plants of the genus Rose, Tulipa and Gladíolus, which were used in landscaping urban ecosystems when creating landscape compositions. Sewage sludge (SS) of the municipal unitary industrial enterprise of the water supply and sewerage economy "Orelvodokanal", buckwheat family of LLC "Elita", vermicompost obtained on the basis of SS, buckwheat family and ash using earthworms from the Lumbricidae family were used as unconventional fertilizers. The study of the changes in the anatomical and morphological features of plants Rosa L., Tulipa L. and Gladiolus L. as a result of the influence of biologically active substances and non-traditional fertilizers was carried out using a biological microscope "Biolam S-13". The paper shows the change in the anatomical, morphological, physiological characteristics of ornamental plants in anthropogenic and cultural landscapes, which determines their ecological resistance to stress factors and harmful objects. The integration of environmentally friendly components in the cultivation of ornamental plants contributed to an increase in the thickness of the epidermis of Rosa L. leaves by 1.5 times; Tulipa L. – 1.4; Gladiolus L. – 1.6 times; leaf mesophyll thickness 1.9; 1.4; 1.6 times, respectively; leaf thickness of Rosa L. and Gladiolus L. plants by 1.2 times; Tulipa L. – 1.7 times. There is a significant increase in the osmotic pressure of Tulipa L. and Gladiolus L. plant cells by 26.8 and 28.3 kPa. Weak stomatal opening was noted in experimental variants Tulipa L. and Gladiolus L., as well as highly resistant cultivars Rosa L.
INCREASING OF WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY ON A BIOLOGICAL BASIS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Zevakin A.S. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia, Rezvyakova S.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the research is to determine the impact of new environmentally friendly preparations on the formation of the crop and resistance of winter wheat to the most common fungal diseases. To achieve the goal of the research a field experiment was carried out on the basis of the scientific and educational production center "Integration" in the Orel district of the Orel region in 2016-2018. The options in the field experiment were arranged systematically in one tier. Repeatability in the experiments was 3-fold. Winter wheat was sown in the first decade of September. The background of mineral nutrition was N30P30K30. In spring double fertilizing with ammonium nitrate was carried out at 125 kg / ha. The experience options were: 1 – Control, without treatment; 2 – Trichodermin, seed treatment + treatment of crops in the tillering phase + in the tube exit phase; 3 – Trichodermin + Ultramag Combi grain, seed treatment + treatment of crops in the tillering phase + in the tube exit phase. The high efficiency of trichodermin and Ultramag Combi grain preparations on the winter wheat Moskovskaya 39 on dark gray forest soil was revealed. When treating seeds with a mixture of these preparations, the germination energy increased by 7%, and the laboratory germination rate increased by 9% compared to the control variant (without treatments). The high biological effectiveness treatment of seeds and double treatment of crops with a mixture of Trichoderma Ultramega Kombi grain against the causative agents of mushroom diseases was revealed. The development of Septoria decreased by 35.1% and brown rust-by 42.4% relative to the control option. The treatment of seeds and plants of winter wheat with Trichodermin alone provided an increase in yield by 19%, and a mixture of Trichodermin and Ultramagus Combined grain – by 23%.
METHODOLOGY OF EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INDEX SELECTION METHOD IN SHEEP BREEDING
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Agrarian Center», Stavropol, Russia, Katkov K.A.
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of animals simultaneously on several economically useful features allows to get a complex numerical indicator, based on which it is possible to rank animals. This approach allows you to identify the best animals and determine the strategy of the breeding work. The successful result of the selection work is the production of offspring with high values of selected economically useful traits. This raises the question of the effectiveness of selecting animals based on breeding indices for the breeding work. Thus, the presented research is relevant and will help to evaluate the effectiveness of using the index selection method. The research uses methods of set theory. The entire sample of evaluated rams is divided into two sets. The first set includes sheep with high values of breeding indexes, and the second set includes sheep whose values of economically useful traits are less than the average values. Then the offspring of the evaluated rams are analyzed. In the course of this analysis, it is found out whether rams with a high value of breeding indexes have the same highly productive offspring or not. The article draws attention to the fact that for an objective assessment of the effectiveness of the index selection method, such calculations must be performed on a large number of samples. You need to use data for several years. The best result can be obtained if you analyze the same group of animals for several years. This approach can be implemented in farms that have collected correct databases of animal bonuses that combine data for several years. An integrated Matlab package was used to calculate selection indexes and perform operations on sets. The article is illustrated with numerical data presented in the form of tables and diagrams. The conclusions obtained in the course of the work can help researchers and breeders in improving the efficiency of breeding work using information and computer technologies.
Explicit specification framework to manage software project effectively
Authors:   Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,Malaysia, Sarker Kamal Uddin
Published: October 2020

Objectives: This research addresses the causal relationship among processes, tasks, resources, and stakeholders of the software projects to improve the success rate that is 31% only now (CHAOS report 2019). Methods: A software project management framework is developed based on the findings of an empirical study on recent commonly used methodologies and root cause analysis on the reasons for project failure. The causeeffect relationship is prioritized by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to develop the Explicit Specification Framework (ESF). The framework is tied to the pinpointing with ontology for formal presentation, descriptive logic for unambiguous information specification, and ikigai for decision-making.Findings: The proposed framework is evaluated by a group of experts and their average scope is evaluated by a group comparison mechanism called Grey Rational Analysis (GRA). The evaluation process considered 6 parameters and compared it with 4 commonly used project management approaches. The highest GRA rank is found for the average of six distinct parameters though it is comparatively more complex for explicit documentation. The three-layer architecture of ESF remarks on roles, functions, and respective stakeholders in each layer presented by a comprehensive comparison study with literature and found that it enhances formal practice, sustainability, and management capability. ESF is easy to implement for distributed project management and improving automation facilities in the software industries.Novelty/Application: Artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, and big data would be common elements of a software project and ESF would meet the demand for project information specification, management, and control. Keywords: Software Project Management; Software Quality Control; methodology; multi- criteria decision making; structural educational modeling; ontology
Compliance of antibiotic prescriptions to the antibiotic policy in surgical cases at an Indian tertiary care hospital
Authors:   Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Lavale, Pune, 411042, Maharashtra, India, Meenal Kulkarni
Published: October 2020

Background/ Objectives: The use of antibiotics in all kinds of medical treatments has increased tremendously in the past few years. Many tertiary care hospitals have developed guidelines and protocols on antibiotic usage but are unable to achieve targeted compliance and the desired outcome. This study aims to assess the status of antibiotic prescription and compliance with the hospital antibiotic policy during surgical cases. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out for a period of 2 months by passive file auditing of the patients’ record. Findings: The results obtained show 84.8 % compliance with respect to the choice of antibiotic, 90.4 % to indication, and prophylactic antibiotic was given in only 51.2 % amongst the 122 surgical cases. With respect to the time within which antibiotics were given it was found that in 10.4 % it was given more than 2 hours of surgery being started, in 26.4 % it was given in less than one hour and for the remaining 63.2 % that data was not recorded properly. The mean duration of administering the antibiotic was 6.29 hours with SD of 5.20 hours with a median of 4 hours. Novelty: The study highlights the lacunae and flaws amounting to the non-compliance to the antibiotic policy in surgical cases and suggests that most of the tertiary care hospitals too need an implementable policy than a perfect policy. Keywords: Antibiotic; assessment; compliance; prescription; surgical cases
Future framework of eGovernance architecture : A structural equitation modeling perspective
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, MDU, Rohtak, 124001, India, Gill Sumeet
Published: October 2020

The present era of eGovernance is considered as technology-driven which enhance productivity along with amplified failure rates. The process, citizens,technology, and resources are the pillars of eGovernance but the emphasis is only upon technology which postulates for the development of updated integrated eGovernance model for accomplishing future requirements. Objectives:The present study endeavors to discover the diverse vital constructs to develop an integrated eGovernance model to augment efficiency and social influence. Methods: The NeSDA and OSI methodology are taken as a basis to extract constructs of eGovernance model and attained constructs and relative relationships ascertained through Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA and CFA). Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is applied to develop and propose an integrated eGovernance model to augment efficiency and social influence. Findings: The empirical outcome illustrate the significant positive impact of eleven accumulated constructs on Intention to Use and Service Quality of the eGovernance initiative which ultimately augments efficiency and social influence of eGovernance initiatives. Novelty: The proposed model makes a significant contribution by integrating vital constructs on the basis of empirical outcomes and applies them to the context of the eGovernance. The suggested model will guide the policymakers and developers of eGovernance systems to focus on identified constructs to maintain and enhance efficiency and social influence. Keywords: Structural equation modeling; intension to use; social influence;competence; transparency; efficiency
Assessment of updated low frequency model in delineating bypassed hydrocarbon reservoir: A 4D seismic study of ’X’ - field, offshore, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria, Akpan Aniefiok Sylvester
Published: October 2020

Aim/objectives: The aim of this research is, to use Time lapse (4D) seismic and investigate the influence of low frequency update in deterministic model-based seismic inversion employed in delineating a prospect saturated with bypassed hydrocarbon accumulation. Method: The dataset employed in this study incorporates 4D seismic volumes with fifteen (15) years production, interval between 2001 baseline and 2016 monitor seismic vintages. The inversion was carried out using full bandwidth of the updated low frequency and bandpass filtered low frequency approaches. The seismic vintages (baseline and monitor) were simultaneously inverted into acoustic impedance volumes for the two approaches. The formation fluid and lithology were discriminated through fluid replacement modelling (FRM) based on the colour separation between brine and gas saturation scenarios. Findings: The two inversion methods employed reveal six (6) zones suspected to be saturated with bypassed hydrocarbons. The delineated bypassed zones are masked in the full bandwidth approach,depicting the effect of the updated low frequency model. Meanwhile, the bandpass filtered approach result presents a better delineated bypassed reservoir as the zones are more pronounced when compared with the full bandwidth approach. Porosity estimate reveals that the bandpass filtered approach is characterized with excellent porosity in the suspected bypassed zones. The results equally gave more reliable and full delineated bypassed zones. Originality and novelty: The dataset employed in this study were obtained from a producing hydrocarbon field which, interest is to maximize the production of oil/gas. The study will bridge the inherent gab observed in using model-based seismic inversion approach to analyse and interpret seismic data in order to delineate hydrocarbon prospects. The research reveals that,the model-based seismic inversion method is still very effective in delineating hydrocarbon prospect when the updated low frequency is bandpass filtered to remove the model effect which influences the inverted acoustic impedance results. Keywords: Porosity; frequency; bypassed; reservoir and impedance
The dehumanizing metaphors in the culture of Acehnese in Indonesia
Authors: Usman Jarjani , Yusuf Yunisrina Qismullah
Published: October 2020

This study investigated dehumanizing metaphors used in the daily life and collective memory of Acehnese people in Indonesia and how male and female persons are presented. The interviews were held with 20 people from six districts in Aceh province, Indonesia. Data were collected from elders aged 60 and above, and Acehnese is spoken as their mother tongue. Since they did not travel much (except for occasional holidays with families and Hajj pilgrimage), they are deemed untainted native speakers of Acehnese. For analysis, grounded by the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, this study found that the metaphorical expressions in the Acehnese culture that dehumanize people mostly use animals' concepts, and the rests are of the inanimate entity, and plants. The negative meanings present human as animals are such as agam buya (crocodile man), kamèng keudèe (goat in the market), manok agam (cock), among others, and the positive ones that present human as plants are boh lam ôn (a leaf-covered fruit) and padé jum (wet rice). They negatively or positively describe a person's behavior where the negative ones are commonly associated with a person's corrupt behavior and the positive ones for good behavior. Most of the dehumanizing metaphors are genderless; only a few are gender-based. Acehnese is a genderless language that has no distinctions of grammatical gender. These metaphors inform the conceptual system or belief of the Acehnese society through language use.
The production of the English stop voicing contrast by Arab L2 speakers of English
Authors: Hamzah Mohd Hilmi , Madbouly Ahmed Elsayed Samir , Halim Hasliza Abdul , Abdullah Abdul Halim
Published: October 2020

The English voiceless stop /p/ and voiced stop /ɡ/ are absent in the consonant inventory of Arabic. This difference provides a fertile ground for empirical research in L2 speech learning among Arab L2 speakers of English. The current study, therefore, aims to explore the English stop voicing contrast as produced by Arab native speakers. Focusing on Voice Onset Time (VOT) as an acoustic parameter, the study seeks to examine the extent to which (1) Arab L2 speakers of English maintain the English stop voicing contrast for /p-b/ and /k-ɡ/, and (2) the L2 VOT continuum by Arab L2 speakers follows or deviates from the L1 VOT continuum in English. The acoustic phonetic experiment involved elicited materials of /p-b/ and /k-ɡ/ from four male native speakers of Arabic. The tokens were recorded in isolation (utterance-initial position) and in a carrier sentence (utterance-medial position). The data were then acoustically analysed following standard segmentation, annotation and measurement criteria. Results reveal that the Arab L2 speakers can, to a large extent, maintain the English stop voicing contrast across all places of articulation, with voiced stops usually being produced with “normal” negative VOT (prevoicing) and voiceless stops usually being produced with “normal” positive VOT and also accompanied with aspiration in the long-lag region. There are also exceptional cases of “abnormal” negative VOT (prevoicing) for voiceless stops and “abnormal” positive VOT (devoicing) for voiced stops, with an extremely larger number of devoiced tokens for voiced stops in comparison to prevoiced tokens for voiceless stops. The results accord well with the Speech Learning Model’s prediction that phonetically “new” sounds are relatively easier to learn than phonetically “similar” sounds. The conclusion is drawn that languages sharing the same sound contrast may exhibit different phonetic implementations in marking a phonological contrast.
Features of the treatment of injuries of the talus
Authors: Koryshkov N. A. , Zaytsev O. V.
Published: October 2020

The experience in diagnosis and treatment of 52 talus injuries (50 patients) is presented. Inclusion of computer tomography into examination complex allowed to improve the diagnosis accuracy, especially in fractures of talus body and talus blocking in sagittal plane. Eight (16%) patients underwent conservative treatment and 42 (84%) were operated on. Surgical dissection of medial malleolus provides anatomic (preservation of artery deltoideus) and vast approach for the revision of fracture zone. Reposition performed at the early terms as well as stable fixation of talus fragments by sunken metal-devices are the means for the compensation of vascular disturbances (aseptic necrosis). In case of moderate pain syndrome, development of small aseptic necrosis zones and absence of talus prolapse active vascular therapy and delayed tactics are indicated. In marked pain syndrome, vascular disturbances, significant aseptic necrosis of talus with its prolapse the indications to the resection astragalectomy should be considered. Long term results were observed in 43 patients. Good results were achieved in 36 (83.7%) and satisfactory results in 7 (16.3%) patients.
Stimulation of the therapeutic effect of chondroprotectors in the treatment of deforming arthrosis of the knee joint
Authors: Dubrovin G. M.
Published: October 2020

Method for stimulation of therapeutic action of chondroprotectors using polarization light and vibrotherapeutics was suggested for the treatment of deforming arthrosis. The main drug was alphlutop chondroprotector out of glucosaminoglycanes group. Ninety patients with deforming knee arthrosis of IIII degree in sub- and decompensated forms were treated. Control group (without stimulation) consisted of 20 patients. In 70 patients different variants of stimulation were used. Long term results were evaluated in terms up to 23 years. It was detected that combined use of polarization light, chondroprotectors, vibrotherapeutics allowed to achieve higher clinical outcomes and prolonged remission.
Complex regional pain syndrome of the extremities (literature review and own data)
Authors: Krupatkin A. I. , Berglezov M. A. , Kolosov V. A.
Published: October 2020

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) of the extremities is a combination of chronic pain, local autonomic disorders, trophic changes in the tissues of the extremity and impaired motor function. Unsatisfactory outcomes in the treatment of patients with CRPS are largely due to a lack of understanding of the fundamental foundations of the ongoing disorders, which, in turn, is associated with the interdisciplinary nature and complexity of the problem under discussion. The present work aims to fill this gap to some extent.
Lumbar pain in athletes and ballet dancers: pathology of the intervertebral joints (facet syndrome)
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Vurmakova G. M. , Krupatkin A. I.
Published: October 2020

The experience in examination and treatment of 92 patients (athletes and ballet dancers) with lumbar pain syndrome caused by pathology of intravertebral joints, so-called faset syndrome is presented. Curative diagnostic blockade of a joint has an important significance for exact diagnosis side by side with clinical and roentgenologic examination. Treatment included analgetic blockade and transcutaneous radiofrequency destruction of facet nerves. Comparative analysis of conservative and operative methods of treatment of athletes and ballet dancers with facet syndrome was carried out.
Clinic, diagnosis and treatment of congenital arthrogryposis in children
Authors: Malakhov O. L. , Kosov I. S. , But-Gusaim I. A. , Mikhaylova S. A.
Published: October 2020

Experience in treatment of limb contractures and deformities in children with congenital arthrogryposis is presented. The main principles of treatment were detected. Complex of diagnostic and curative measures including conservative treatment of patients stating from birth is described in details. Conservative treatment consists of therapeutic exercises, massage, physiotherapy, special braces and plaster bandages. Surgical treatment method using external fixation devices is presented. The method of biocontrol disturbance detection is given and the use of functional biocontrol (FBC) method for the treatment of this pathology is well grounded. Early results of FBC use are evaluated as positive ones that confirms the expedience of further use of FBC for the treatment of patients with congenital arthrogryposis.
Surgical methods in the complex treatment of fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine
Authors: Ramikh E. A. , Atamanenko M. T.
Published: October 2020

Between 1990 and 2001,1540 patients with various fractures and fracture-dislocations of thoracolumbar vertebrae (type А, В, C) were operated on at the Regional Center for Spine Pathology of Novosibirsk RITO. Basing on that experience the indications and pathogenetic surgical techniques were defined for every clinical form of spine injury. Depending on the type of spine fracture and its stability the individual choice of technique for dorsal fixation, ventral spinal fusion or their combination provided the complete restoration of spine anatomy and stiff stabilization of the injured vertebral segments. Such differentiation in the treatment of various types of spine injuries permits to reduce the terms and stages of treatment thus predetermining favorable short-term and long-term outcomes.
Surgical treatment of comminuted fractures of the humeral condyle type C according to the AO/ASIF classification
Authors: Zhabin G. I. , Fuad Shakhizi , Fedyunina S. Y.
Published: October 2020

Case reports of 61 patients with comminuted humerus condyle fractures were analyzed. In 58 patients the fractures were of C type by AO/ASIF classification. Basing on retrospective study of radiograms and surgical protocol the diagnosis was defined more precisely: in 72.2% of cases the most severe fractures, i.e. of C1 and C2 type, were determined. All patients were operated on. In 55 patients open reposition and osteosynthesis were carried out. In the majority of cases (68.9%) Y-shape plate was used for fixation. In 4 patients with C1 and C2 fractures intraosseous osteosynthesis with rods was performed. In 4 other patients with C3 fractures osteosynthesis with bone autoplasty of the central area of condyle block was done. Two patients with the same type of fracture underwent total elbow replacement. In multicomminuted condyle fractures osteosynthesis with screws and pins as well as external immobilization for 3 weeks were performed. In the other cases the joint movements were started by 710 days after operation.
Analysis of the functional results of internal osteosynthesis in fractures of the proximal humerus
Authors: Lomtatidze E. S. , Lomtatidze V. E. , Potseluyko S. V. , Toropov E. A.
Published: October 2020

Between 1998 and 2002,32 patients (11 males,21 females), aged 26-78 years, with proximal humerus fractures were operated on. In 29 cases osseous osteosynthesis by AO technique with T- and L-shape plates and screws was performed, in 2 cases osteosynthesis was carried out using Kirshner wire and in 1 case with screws and wire. In all patients functional results were evaluated by American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons system in terms from 7 to 48 months after operation. The following parameters were included: pain, movement range, muscular force, stability/instability of shoulder joint, limb function. In patients over 60 years movement range and limb function were reliably decreased compared to younger patients (p0.05). Elderly age, osteopenia, complex nature of fractures negatively influenced the osteosynthesis outcomes. Tactics of surgical intervention in elderly patients should be based on the application of more sparing and stiff fixation.
Restorative treatment for traumatic dislocations of the acromial end of the clavicle
Authors: Kotelnikov G. P. , Stukolov B. C. , Chernov A. P.
Published: October 2020

On the base of clinical and radiologic examination of 143 patients with traumatic dislocation of clavicula acromion end a new classification was elaborated. Two groups of injuries were marked out: the first group disturbances of ligaments without degenerative changes of the shoulder girdle structures; the second group disturbances with degenerative dystrophic changes of shoulder girdle structures. Two new signs of clavicula dislocation were described: symptom of crossed hands and key late symptom. The complex of rehabilitation treatment included preoperative preparation, ligaments plasty, postoperative rehabilitation. Fifty-five patients with traumatic dislocation of clavicula acromion end were operated on using elaborated technique. Follow-up period ranged from 8 months to 3 years. Favorable results were achieved in 98.2% of patients.
Tactics of providing qualified medical care to severely burned patients. Preventing Errors and Complications
Authors: Zhegalov V. A. , Dmitriev D. G. , Vorobyov A. V. , Vilkov S. A.
Published: October 2020

The treatment of extensive deep burns, despite all the achievements of modern medicine, is still one of the most difficult specific problems of traumatology and plastic surgery. The massiveness of tissue damage, the severity of shock and endogenous intoxication, the frequent and almost inevitable development of multiple organ dysfunction, local and generalized infectious complications, a high mortality rate - all this sharply distinguishes thermal injury from other injuries.
The most important tasks of organizing a pediatric traumatological and orthopedic service in Russia (based on the report at the symposium of pediatric traumatologists and orthopedists of Russia)
Authors: Malakhov O. A. , Andreeva T. M. , Tarasov V. I. , Gribova I. V.
Published: October 2020

Main indices characterizing pediatric traumatologic and orthopedic care in the Russian Federation are presented. Rates of children traumata and skeletomuscular pathology are given. One of the directions to perfect the specialized traumatologic and orthopedic care for children is the creation of special regional program.
Tendon-muscle plastic surgery in the treatment of contractures of the shoulder joint in children with natal and postnatal injuries of the brachial plexus
Authors: Merkulov V. Y. , Yeltsin A. G.
Published: October 2020

During the period 1980 through 2003,55 patients aged 317 years, with adductive internal rotation shoulder contractures resulted from natal and neonatal brachiplex injury were operated on. Sixty six surgical procedures including Chizhik-Poleiko, Episcopo, Meyer operations, derotation humerus osteotomy, shoulder lavsanodesis were performed. Good results were achieved in 39 patients (70.9%), satisfactory results in 15patients (27.3%o) and unsatisfactory result in 1 patient (1.8%). It is shown that the most effective procedures are various types of tendon- muscular plasty directed to the restoration of shoulder function. The best results have been achieved in children under 10 years. Indications and contraindications to derotation humerus osteotomy are detected.
Longitudinal growth of a congenitally shortened lower limb after its surgical lengthening
Authors: Popkov D. A. , Shchurov V. A.
Published: October 2020

Based on the results of treatment of 150 patients, aged 2-15 years,5 types of growth rate changes of the lengthened segment in early and long-term postoperative periods were detected. Stimulation of longitudinal growth takes place after primary lengthening of the segment, performed prior to prepuberty growth leap when conditions for weigh bearing of lengthened limb and its functional activity exist and are being created. Repeated lengthening of segment, significant limitation of functional load as well as reconstructive operation on foot bones exert negative influence on the following growth. Stimulation of longitudinal growth of lengthened segment is accompanied by the increase of contractive muscular capacity and peripheral hemodynamics indices in long-term period.
Hamstring Syndrome (Clinical Manifestation, Diagnosis, Treatment)
Authors: Mironov S P , Orletskiy A K , Vasil'ev D O , Mironov S P , Orletskiy A K , Vasil'ev D O
Published: October 2020

For the first time in native practice the approaches to diagnosis of insufficiently studied pathology - hamstring syndrome were detected. Method of operative treatment was elaborated and successfully used at clinic. In 12 patients the 2 years follow up results of operative treatment were good.
Treatment of Pseudoarthrosis of Navicular Bone Using External Fixation
Authors: Afaunov A I , Tlevtsezhev Z Kh , Afaunov A I , Tlevtsezhev Z Kh
Published: October 2020

Treatment technique for navicular pseudoarthrosis using extrafocal constant longitudinal distraction with external anchor-pin device is suggested. That device was fixed on radius and 2nd metacarpal bone. Traction precisely oriented on navicular provided the decompression of wrist joint, improved the microcirculation in injured joint and promoted consolidation of navicular bone at the optimum terms. In 18 patients, aged 21-50, efficacy of that treatment was shown at 2 years follow up.
Peculiarities of Cervical Spinal Cord Blood Supply
Authors: Natsvlishvili Z G , Ogarev E V , Morozov A K , Khokhrikov G I , Natsvlishvili Z G , Ogarev E V , Morozov A K , Khokhrikov G I
Published: October 2020

The peculiarities of cervical spinal cord blood supply were studied on 34 autopsied specimens. It was detected that both a. anterior spinalis, gone away from intracerebral zone of a. vertebralis and a. anterior radiculo-medullaris approaching the a. anterior spinalis system with C2-8 radicis played an equally important role in blood supply of the cervical spinal cord. The most significant importance had C5 left and C7 right a. radiculo-medullaris, that were noted in 65% of specimens. For cervical spinal cord the branching type of blood supply was more characteristic (67,7% of cases). In that type the number of a. radiculo-medullaris ranged from 2 to 8 (mean 4,4). That peculiarity significantly increases the probability of restoration of blood circulation in injury or other pathology of a. anterior spinalis.
Peculiarities of Total Replacement in Hip Joint Severe Pathology
Authors: Nikolenko V K , Buryachenko B P , Nicolenko V K , Buryachenko В P
Published: October 2020

During the period from 1991 to 2003 the total number of 189 hip replacements in 168 patients aged 17-65 years (mean age 48.7) with severe joint pathology were performed at the traumatology and orthopaedics center of the Military Clinical Hospital named after NN. Burdenko. Six main groups of patients with severe pathologic changes in hip joint and surrounding tissues were detected, i.e. with posttraumatic and gunshot bone defects, dysplastic III- IV stage coxarthrosis, postosteotomic deformities of the extremity, specific inflammatory hip patology metastatic lesions of proximal femur, as well as patients who required single-step bilateral hip replacement. In 18 patients surgical treatment was performed in two steps by authors' technique. «Spotomo» and «Zweymuller» implants, Wagner revision stems and Muller strengthening rings were used most commonly. Excellent and good results were achieved in 157 cases (83.1%), satisfactory in 28 (14.8%). In 4 cases (2.1%) postoperative joint function was unsatisfactory.
Neurovascular Interrelations and Tissue Microcirculation in Posttraumatic Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Authors: Krupatkin A I , Berglezov M A , Kolosov V A , Krupatkin A I , Berglezov M A , Kolosov V A
Published: October 2020

Thirty eight patients with posttraumatic reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) of upper extremities and 28 healthy individuals of the same age (control group) were examined using computer laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) and wavelet-analysis of amplitude-frequency spectrum of fluctuations of microvascular circulation. RDS prevailed in patients with primary warm forms, increase ofportion of shunt circulation, decrease of sympathetic activity and its breakdown at activation. Patients with primary cold forms were characterized by inconstant increase of neurogenic tonus of microvessels at rest. Prolong activation of peptidergenic function of sensory fibres supporting neurogenic inflammation, edema and pain syndrome were typical. One could not exclude that sympathetic vasomotor function and sympathetic support of pain may innervated by different groups of sympathetic neurons. Objective assessment of perivascular innervation and tissue microcirculation is of great clinical importance for individual RSD treatment protocol. Use of LDF is reasonable for early diagnosis of RSD, determination the role of sympathetic and peptidergenic mechanisms in RSD pathogenesis and indications for sympathetic blockades and capsaicin.