bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL BASIS OF STATE REGULATION OF INVESTMENT SECURITY OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Biletskyi Ihor
Published: May 2023

The issue of intensifying economic transformations and accelerating the pace of socio-economic development under modern conditions cannot be resolved without adequate investment support. Construction of residential real estate is a field that is traditionally defined by a high level of dependence on investment funds. The state plays an extremely important role in this process. It is thanks to effective state mechanisms for regulating the investment attractiveness of the industry that the prerequisites for the accumulation of investment flows and assistance in solving the population's housing problem and implementing the tasks of the country's social and housing policy are formed. The modern legislative basis for regulation of investment processes in the construction of residential real estate is studied in the article. The set of institutional subjects of regulation of investment processes in the construction industry is defined here. The systematization of scientific and theoretical foundations of state regulation of investment processes of housing construction has been carried out. The methodological plane of functions, tasks and principles of state regulation of investment activity in the industry is analyzed. The methodological plane of the set of principles of state regulation by the process of attracting investment flows in the industry based on the strategic priorities of inclusiveness and sustainable housing construction has been supplemented. The author's scheme of the general architecture of the mechanism of state regulation of investment activity in the field of housing construction has been formed. The range of socio-economic and environmental bonuses from investments in the construction of residential real estate objects from the standpoint of creating new economic opportunities for the region and the national economy, ensuring the development of processes of inclusive urbanization and environmental stability in the industry is defined in the article. A brief review of the level of return on investment in residential construction is carried out here. The potential for possible future services from investing in residential real estate has been determined.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND TRENDS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SOCIAL SPHERE
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Verkhovod Iryna
Published: May 2023

The article examines the mechanism of effective social sphere management and examines the concept of the general welfare state with a definition of this concept. The article determined that the basis for the development of the welfare state was industrialization, which led to the formation of four separate main models of social sphere management: continental (Bismarckian), Anglo-Saxon (Beveridge model), Scandinavian and SouthEuropean. Their features and differences are considered. The article analyzed the dynamics of the poverty level in Ukraine and determined that until 2022 the trend was positive for the country – the poverty level was decreasing. The article determined that due to the war, the level of poverty in Ukraine increased tenfold already in 2022, with a subsequent doubling during the following year. It was determined that the modern management of the social sphere of Ukraine has significant structural problems. Analyzing modern transformational shifts, it was noted that in 2020, the CMU approved the Strategy of Digital Transformation of the Social Sphere, which initiates a comprehensive digital transformation of all components of the social sphere, introducing unified approaches, standards and technologies. It was determined that the specified Strategy is planned to increase the efficiency of social sphere management; to improve the management systems of financial resources of the social sphere; to automate the management and control system in the social sphere; achieve technological development of information resources of the social sphere with the introduction of innovative technologies. This can be achieved through the creation of the Unified Information System and the Unified Monitoring Center, the implementation of the functionality of the Unified Social Operator; reduction in the number of personnel in the sector. Trends in the development of management of the social sphere: digitalization, growing migration flows; the social trade-offs of the free market come under greater scrutiny. It was found out that the digitalization of the social sphere management, this aspect is defined as one of the main directions of the development of the social sphere of Ukraine.
RELATIONSHIP OF ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL IN THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Goley Yuliia
Published: May 2023

The article discusses the concepts of "anti-crisis management" (as a process of getting an enterprise out of a difficult situation) and "controlling" (as a management concept that synthesizes management accounting, planning, control and analytical work of managers), the importance of which is due to modern turbulence and unpredictability of economic processes that have a significant impact on the activities of enterprises, regardless of the industry and scale of activity. The essence of these economic terms is considered, their key features are highlighted, as well as the specifics of their application in the activities of the enterprise. As part of the study, the article establishes a close relationship between "crisis management" and "controlling", as one of the most effective tools for crisis management. The objectives of the application of anti-crisis management are identified (identification of risks (capable of causing a crisis); development of an effective system for their identification and continuous monitoring; building the potential for stability and stability to destabilize influences; development and further implementation of a risk prevention policy and overcoming discrepancies; development and further implementation of anti-crisis programs) and controlling (orientation of the enterprise management process towards achieving the entire range of goals). The key functions of controlling are characterized, such as: formation of information channels and information support of the enterprise; coordination of plans and activities; strategic and operational planning; control, revision and internal audit; methodological support and internal consulting. The features of strategic and operational controlling are described, the importance of providing a high-quality controlling system for making well-considered and effective management decisions in an unstable modern economic and market environment of business entities is explained. The necessity of introducing a controlling system at Ukrainian enterprises of various forms of ownership and scale of activity is substantiated in order to ensure progressive and intensive growth, achieve development goals and obtain the desired, sufficient profit.
LEADERSHIP: ESSENCE, PRINCIPLES, MODELS AND SIGNIFICANCE IN MANAGERIAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Uman State University of Horticulture, Gomeniuk Maryna , Zagorodniuk Oksana ,   Uman State University of Horticulture, Dluhoborska Liudmyla ,   Uman State University of Horticulture
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, transformational changes are taking place in all spheres of human life. Some of these changes may not be noticed by a person, and some of them possess worldwide scale, causing fear for the present and the future. Each person has different adaptation mechanisms: some take longer and some perceive the new reality faster. In order to deal with modern challenges, society needs a new generation of leaders who are able to work effectively and solve problems associated with rapid change and uncertainty. The relevance of the subject matter of the research is determined by the study of issues of leadership in the structure of managerial processes, analysis of modern approaches to its definition and the necessity for consideration of psychological and behavioral characteristics of a leader as a manager. Although leaders set the direction and pace of work, they must also use management skills to motivate employees smoothly and effectively, and be able to resolve social and labor conflicts in order to achieve the strategic goals of entrepreneurial structures. Therefore, the above-mentioned aspects determine the relevance of the article's subject matter and demonstrate the necessity for further theoretical and methodological investigations of this issue. The article is devoted to the study of issues related to the essence, significance, principles and models of leadership in managerial activities. It is noted that the human resource potential of an enterprise is by far its most valuable asset and driving force. In its turn, the employees who possess leadership qualities are the most valuable among this asset. It is indicated that leadership is the most effective source of any transformation, effective mechanisms for its growth and development. In the course of the study, a constructive analysis of the issue of leadership as a necessary element of managerial activity has been carried out. The definitions of the concepts of "leader" as a subject and "leadership" as an element of managerial activity were analyzed. The main approaches for the determination of leadership positions have been considered. The fundamental principles of leadership in the management process have been identified. The essential functionality of leadership in society has been defined. The models of leadership positions in the management system are considered. A model of leadership based on a value-oriented approach that consists of valuable, purposeful, and instrumental elements of management has been formed.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE BUSINESS MODEL: THE ECOSYSTEM ASPECT
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Nahara Maryna
Published: May 2023

The modern business environment is characterized by rapid changes, significant diversity and increased interconnection between its elements. These factors require new approaches to the reconfiguration of existing business models. Using the concept of entrepreneurial activity on the ecosystem base, enterprises can significantly increase the social and economic efficiency of their activities. The article describes three main archetypes of business models, each of which has a different content. The first type of business models is based on long-term partnerships with customers. The strategy of mutually beneficial relations with clients is formed in the front office. The basis of the second type of business models is operational efficiency, which involves improving of back-office operations. The third type involves creating value through the coordination of the front office and back office. Thus, the prerequisites for creating innovative business models, namely digital platforms, are being formed. Progressive changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of business models require appropriate conditions to ensure the effective implementation. A mechanism for constructing actions and an outlined sequential phasing of changes are necessary. Without business models modifying, it is impossible to achieve the goals of sustainable social, economic and environmental development of enterprises. The business models priorities will be determined by the level of economic development, scientific, technical, social and environmental needs of enterprises. The directions of the business models transformation are outlined: digital and ecosystemic. It is determined that the business model transformation is a synthesis of various aspects of social, economic and ecological convergence. It is emphasized that special attention during the business models transformation towards ecosystems is paid to shaping a relative management system, organizational structure and corporate culture. The mechanism of the business model transformation is developed. The mechanism provides the growth of the enterprise’s ecosystem development as a result of consolidation of ecosystem components, increase of resource efficiency, modernization and greening of business process management.
MAIN APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CORPORATE STRATEGY FOR INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Odesa National Economic University, Dombrovska Sofiia , Lapina Iryna ,   Odesa National Economic University, Dobrynina Lyudmila ,   Odesa National Economic University
Published: May 2023

The article examines modern approaches to the formation of the corporate strategy of the enterprise's investment activities. The essence, role and significance of the enterprise's corporate investment strategy are characterized. The corporate investment strategy is a model of decision-making in the company, which defines and discloses its goals and objectives, forms the main directions of the investment policy and plans for achieving the set goals. An ineffective corporate investment strategy can affect the overall performance of the company, especially when it comes to investment decisions, since they are the main driving force. A well-designed investment strategy helps improve and protect a company's resources in a unique position. The main advantages and positive consequences as a result of the development of a corporate investment strategy at the enterprise are presented. An effectively constructed corporate investment strategy plays a crucial role in protecting the lines of business in which the company will compete. The expediency of forming and implementing a corporate investment strategy at the enterprise is substantiated. research in the field of corporate investment strategy today is aimed at solving various issues. Research on the impact of the corporate strategy on investment decisions can help identify and assess the impact on the company's effective and efficient investment decision-making. The main components of the corporate strategy of the enterprise's investment activities are highlighted. The organizational goals of corporate investment strategic planning are given. Understanding the organizational goals of the corporate investment strategic plan will help create effective plans to manage the company's growth. The main stages of development of the strategic plan of investment activity of the enterprise are considered. The indicators that characterize the effectiveness of the implementation of the investment strategy at the enterprise are described. Recommendations on the development of the enterprise's investment strategy have been formulated.
FORMATION AND REGULATION OF INSTITUTIONAL DYSFUNCTIONS OF THE UKRAINE’S TRANSFORMATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Zavazhenko Andrii
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of historical prerequisites for the formation of current institutional dysfunctions and ways of their regulation at the current development stage of Ukraine’s economic system. The methodological basis of the proposed study is the theoretical and methodological innovations of modern institutional theory. It was established that during the transformational transition at the end of the 20th century from a command-administrative type of economic system to a market-based one, the institutional problems of the economy have highly intensified in Ukraine. The analysis of the evolutionary development of the domestic economic system proved that despite the partial effectiveness of the newly created formal framework, to a greater extent, they remained only decorative and were in the shadow of informal institutions that had a dominant position throughout the transformation period. The author systematized the key institutional factors that contributed to the formation of such institutional dysfunctions of the national economy as corruption, shadow economy, barter, «decorativeness» of reforms, etc. In the process of research, the author proved, based on the analysis of current statistical data, that the specified anomalies of the transformation period negatively affect the dynamics and nature of modern economic relations in Ukraine. Following the presented theoretical material, the author substantiated practical recommendations for the implementation of institutional reform measures aimed at countering corrupt interactions and reducing the share of shadow activities of economic agents. The author also notes that the practical measures described in the article should become structural elements of the strategy of comprehensive post-war institutional reforms of the economy of Ukraine, which should be aimed at reducing the destructive impact of institutional dysfunctions that were formed during the transformation period, to achieve macroeconomic stability, ensuring further economic growth and increase in the level of welfare of the population.
INCLUSIVE "GREEN" ECONOMY
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Sobolieva Hanna , Ivanova Anastasia ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: May 2023

The urgency of the problem lies in the considered process of transformation of the modern economy into the newest direction of the "green" economy. It is necessary to take into account the peculiarities and modern conditions of the development of social and economic systems of the countries of the world. To study the methodological aspects of creating "green" finance and the principles of the future greening of the financial system as part of the sustainable development of the world economy. One of the most pressing regular issues is the acceptability of using certain energy sources and extracting the corresponding resources. The current crisis shows that not all countries are fully ready to transition to the new economic reality. By abandoning traditional sources of energy in favor of alternative ones, they have slowed down the development of their countries and endangered their well-being in an age when resources are the main element of survival. A sharp transition to a "green" economy seems inexpedient due to the unstable situation in world geopolitics. What is needed is not a reckless desire for the accelerated growth of the "green" economy, accompanied by ecological slogans, even for the sake of preserving the climate, but a thoughtful, differentiated and phased approach to its development that takes into account the production-technological, socio-economic and naturalgeographic features of regions and states. The prevailing economic system is imperfect, as evidenced by crises and failures of the market mechanism, and is inherently wasteful.This gave certain results in raising the standard of living of people in general, and especially of certain groups, the negative consequences of the functioning of this system are significant: environmental problems, depletion of natural capital, lack of fresh water, food, energy, great poverty, inequality of people and countries. All this poses a threat to future generations. From the point of view of the main criterion – environmental pollution (mainly carbon dioxide) – nuclear energy is absolutely "green". In terms of stability and production capacity, it is significantly better than any other "green" sources. The obtained results can be used to develop modern economic models of development.
PERSPECTIVES AND RISKS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES IN THE MODERN WORLD
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic National University, Ohinok Solomiya , Ianko Kristyna ,   Lviv Politechnic National University
Published: May 2023

Due to the significant expansion of the use of cryptocurrencies in the world, there is a need to understand the perspectives and risks associated with their use. Today, the relevance of cryptocurrency has risen sharply again. The cryptocurrency market has increased and is in no hurry to fall. However, this topic is still ambiguous and surrounded by many myths. Before becoming a stable means of payment, the cryptocurrency began to resemble financial instruments. Cryptocurrencies have an impact on the economy, financial system, society, and ecology, so it is necessary to analyze their impact and consider possible ways to solve the problems associated with their use. In recent times, cryptocurrencies, particularly Bitcoin, have been actively used in the traditional financial system. Today, cryptocurrencies can help open up new markets and increase the volume of international trade, as they are not dependent on financial institutions or national currencies. The problem lies in the fact that cryptocurrencies are still relatively new and not fully understood by many people, and their impact on the global economy and financial system can be significant. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the issue of the prospects and risks of cryptocurrencies in the modern world to understand their impact and make necessary decisions regarding their use. The economic characteristics of the crypto market are essential since blockchain and digital currencies significantly impact the economic sphere. Cryptocurrencies allow people to invest and store their assets without being tied to the traditional financial system. The purpose of this article is to analyze the perspectives and risks of cryptocurrencies. The article covers the impact of cryptocurrencies on the economy, financial system, society, and ecology. Additionally, it analyzes the fluctuations and growth rates of the most well-known cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrencies can have significance for the economy and the environment if they are used properly and take into account certain factors such as social responsibility, energy conservation, and efficient use of resources. However, it is also important to remember the potential risks associated with cryptocurrencies, which can harm the economy, society, and the environment.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN UKRAINE FROM THE POSITION OF SECURITY DEVELOPMENT OF THE DOMESTIC ICT INDUSTRY
Authors:   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Kunytska-Iliash Marta
Published: May 2023

The prerequisites for the development of the ICT industry, which provide for the implementation of a number of institutional and structural reforms in the system of infrastructural, financial-investment, innovation-technological and other resource provision, have been noted. The places of Ukraine in the ratings of digital competitiveness, development of e-governance, UN e-participation have been determined. It was concluded that the current state of development of the digital economy system of Ukraine is insufficient to ensure the competitiveness of the national economy and improve the quality of life of the population. A significant number of competitive advantages of the country’s economic system from the development, implementation, use of digital technologies and generally stable approval of the ICT industry were noted. The presence of systemic problems and obstacles in the ICT industry of Ukraine was noted, however, there is also a strong potential for the development of digitization processes in all spheres of economic and social life. The problem-target area of ensuring the security of the development of the ICT industry of Ukraine includes the training of personnel and the activation of research work in the ICT industry, the information and communication technology of enterprises of the real sector of the economy, the acceleration of the digital transformation of the national economy, the modernization of digital infrastructure, the development of the information society, the formation interaction systems of e-business, e-government, e-society. It was concluded that the list of risks and threats to socio-economic development and overall security of the national economy system can be continued if the country is not ready to accept globalization challenges and follow the trends of total digitalization. As a result, the toolkit for strengthening the security of the development of the ICT industry in the system of digitalization of the economic system should take into account problematic and promising areas of ensuring the international competitiveness of the industry.
CONTEMPORARY FEATURES OF PRODUCT PROMOTION BY FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution «Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman», Kubashevskyi Oleksandr
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of online channels for the promotion of goods at the current stage of the economic development of food industry enterprises. The work determined that enterprises should consider Internet marketing tools as a supplement to traditional mechanisms of communication with customers. That is why, first of all, they need to choose only those tools that will allow integrating online and offline interaction with customers, improve business processes, and increase the level of convenience and service for such customers. Among the recommended tools, the following were highlighted: company website, search promotion, YouTube channel, e-mail distribution, mobile applications and social networks (SMM), which are the most popular method of product promotion in the 21st century. Since online promotion channels (that is, Internet marketing) are in particular demand today, their first origins, which came to us from the United States and are rapidly developing around the world, were considered. The article also cites data from a survey that was conducted in Ukraine in 2022, which shows that most Ukrainians regularly use the Internet, especially the urban population and people aged 18 to 49. It was also established that the growth of consumer confidence in the online shopping system leads to an increase in online trade and the use of online promotion channels, which are gaining popularity against the background of information technology. The question of the effectiveness of the use of online channels in various industries was considered, because the goods/services etc. differ in each of them. It was found that knowing the features of each of the channels enables the company to increase its recognition and improve the image of the company on the market. It is substantiated that the effective use of channels for the purpose of promoting goods by food industry enterprises significantly strengthens the company's position on the domestic and international markets, and also significantly improves the financial and economic condition of the enterprise. The main online channels for the promotion of goods in the consumer market are considered, and they are considered for their features, which will significantly improve the process of forming a strong marketing strategy.
Perception of inhabitants from the Laguna Santiaguillo Basin: natural resources and liveli-hoods
Authors: Morales de Casas María del Socorro , Sánches Ortíz Eduardo , Marquez-Linares Marco
Published: May 2023

Objective: To learn about the state of the natural resources and productive systems in the Laguna Santiaguillo Basin from the viewpoint of the inhabitants.
Methodology: The approach was qualitative, by means of a focus group.
Results: The problems perceived are related to: access to water both because of its low availability and due to the inequity in its distribution which generates low productivity and conflicts over the use of this resource; low prices for agricultural products; conflicts arising from the use of wildlife; and the degradation of grasslands as a result of overgrazing.
Limitations on study/implications: The Mennonite group, which is an important actor within the basin, was not represented in the focus group.
Conclusions: The participants in the group perceive the basin’s problem in an integrated manner, linking components of natural, economic, social and political resources, which lead them to actions adapted to their context to solve this problem.
Los colores de la pandemia. Testimonios de vida, de María Fernanda Illescas Mariñalarena y Nidia Guiochín Sotomayor
Authors: Gómez Espinoza Gary M.
Published: May 2023

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Uključenost
roditelja u razvijanje školske spremnosti
Authors: Matijević Katarina
Published: May 2023

Razdoblje ranog djetinjstva važno je razdoblje za socijalni, emocionalni, tjelesni i intelektualni razvoj. U tom se razdoblju stječu predznanja, vještine i iskustava koja su potrebna djeci za polazak u školu. Pojam „spremnost za školu“ odnosi se na psihofizičku zrelost djeteta. Svaki školski obveznik trebao bi imati razvijene intelektualne sposobnosti (poput pamćenja, koncentracije i rezoniranja), ali i druge vještine i znanja te određen stupanj socioemocionalne zrelosti. Sposobnosti i vještine koje se odnose na spremnost za školu utječu na kasniji akademski uspjeh djece, no i na sposobnost djeteta za učinkovit proces prilagodbe unutar obitelji i u društvu općenito. S obzirom na činjenicu da je školska spremnost uvjet za polazak u školu, u razvijanje vještina školske spremnosti trebali bi biti uključene predškolske odgojno- obrazovne ustanove ali i obitelj. Upitnicima „Roditeljska procjena školske spremnosti“ i „Upitnik o aspektima psihofizičkog razvoja predškolske djece“, koji su korišteni u empirijskom dijelu rada, prikupljeni su podatci koji će dati uvid u cilj istraživanja. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati: (1) Na koji su način roditelji u Republici Hrvatskoj uključeni u razvijanje školske spremnosti kod vlastite djece? i (2) Kakav je odnos između roditeljske uključenosti i spremnosti djece za školu? Također, ovim radom željela se provjeriti mogućnost uporabe upitnika „Roditeljska procjena školske spremnosti“ za generaliziranje podataka o roditeljskoj uključenosti i procjeni školske spremnosti u hrvatskom kontekstu. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 419 roditelja djece predškolske dobi iz svih pet regija Republike Hrvatske. Statističkim postupcima analizirani su odnosi između roditeljske procjene školske spremnosti i uključenosti roditelja u razvoj školske spremnosti. Dobiveni rezultati ukazaju na konstrukcijsku i unutarnju valjanost i pouzdanost te primjenjivost upitnika „Roditeljska procjena školske spremnosti“ u hrvatskom kontekstu. Rad ističe važnost aktivnog sudjelovanja roditelja u razvoju vještina školske spremnosti s obzirom na to da se roditeljska uključenost u razvoj školske spremnosti pokazala učinkovitom i značajnom.
NUMERICAL APPROXIMATION OF OSCILLATORY INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS USING THE HOMOTOPY ANALYSIS ALGORITHM
Authors: Obafaiye Olayemi , Imoni Sunday O. , Lanlege David I.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we present numerical approximation for oscillatory initial value problems (IVPs) using the homotopy analysis algorithm. The convergence of the method is discussed and numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the computational effectiveness of the algorithm. The results obtained are in good agreement with the exact solutions and Adomian decomposition method (ADM). These results show that the algorithm introduced here is easy to apply without linearization.
THE RELATIONS OF RE-INFECTION OF COVID-19 WITH CHANGES IN MENSTRUAL PATTERNS IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE AT THE HEALTH POLYTECHNIC OF THE BENGKULU MINISTRY OF HEALTH IN 2022
Authors: Sholihat Suci , Nugraheni Diah Eka , Damarini Susilo , Savitri Wewet , Septiyana Septiyana
Published: May 2023

Coronavirus Disease 2019 or better known as COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is known that this virus can attack the reproductive organs and cause changes in the menstrual cycle in the form of a longer menstrual cycle, heavier blood flow, longer duration and increased pain levels. This study aims to determine the relationship between positive history of COVID-19 and changes in menstrual patterns in women of childbearing age at Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu in 2022. The research design used was observational analytic with a retrospective approach. The research population was all female lecturers and students of the Bengkulu Ministry of Health Poltekkes, totaling 2696 people. The sample in this study was 155 people who were taken by purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using chi square test. The results showed that 125 people (80.6%) had a positive history of COVID-19 and most people (54.2%) experienced changes in menstrual patterns. A total of 40 people (25.8%) experienced re-infection with COVID-19. Based on the results of the bivariate analysis using the chi square test, the p value = 0.000 (p-value < 0.05), it means that there is a significant effect for a positive history reinfection with changes in menstrual patterns at the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Bengkulu.
Can the diagnostic accuracy of newborn eye screening for congenital cataract be improved with digital imaging? The Digital Imaging versus Ophthalmoscopy (DIvO) study
Authors: Allen Louise , Bain Catherine , Rose Lindsey , Bond Simon , Rahi Jugnoo
Published: May 2023

Background Congenital cataract is the commonest cause of preventable child blindness in the world. It affects 1: 3000 babies, 60% of whom will have bilateral disease. Although screening of the newborn red-reflex with an ophthalmoscope is recommended, there are questions over this technique's accuracy, particularly in non-specialist hands. Several studies in enriched paediatric eye clinic populations have demonstrated superior accuracy when a digital image of the the eye's reflection to infrared light is evaluated. Aim This study uses a prototype infrared digital camera to test the hypothesis that the sensitivity and specificity of newborn screening using evaluation of the "infrared-reflex" image is superior to the standard red-reflex examination using ophthalmoscopy. Methods 140,000 newborn babies will be recruited into the study from at least 13 maternity units in England over an 18 month period. Babies will have both the standard red-reflex assessment and evaluation of the infrared-reflex using a prototype device. Since specialist gold-standard evaluation of every participant is impractical, bespoke data linkage requests to NHS England will be made. Data from the red-reflex evaluation and the presence of codes relating to cataract diagnosis and/or treatment in Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) will be retrieved for each participant a minimum of 6 months after their birth. This data will be used to calculate relative and absolute sensitivity and specificity for each screening test and comparison of accuracy using the McNemar test. Secondary outcome measures will include comparison of accuracy in different ethnic groups and screener usability scores. Anticipated impact Confirmation of the hypothesis will support development of a commercial screening device and the possible revision of newborn screening recommendations. Trial registration The study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05282147.
The Application of Mathematical Modeling Tools in Optimizing the Purification Process of the Substance Oligohexamethyleneguanidine Hydrocitrate
Authors: Shatalov Denis , Trachuk Kirill , Aydakova Anna , Akhmedova Diana , Ivanov Ivan , Minenkov Dmitriy , Blazhevich Igor , Kirillova Daria , Kedik Stanislav
Published: May 2023

The current investigation is dedicated to the use of mathematical modeling, particularly the method of multifactorial analysis of multi-criteria optimization (MAMO) in pharmaceutical development. During the investigation the algorithmic sequence was offered and the necessary tests were provided. The gained data was interpreted through MAMO. The possibility of using the MAMO for solving the applied problem of purifying the oligohexamethyleneguanidine hydrocitrate (OHMG-HC) that is considered to be as a pharmaceutical substance for formation of medicines. The dependencies of purifying conditions that have influence on the final impurities contents and the reasonability of using the suggested algorithm as a means of pharmaceutical development.
CFD Investigation of Dry Tray Pressure Drop of Perforated Trays without Downcomer
Authors: Kállai Viktória , Mizsey Péter , Szepesi Gábor L.
Published: May 2023

The dry tray pressure drop behaviors in trays without downcomer with different inclination of holes (standard, 75°, 60° and 45°) and tray thickness (2.5, 5, and 10 mm) are investigated. The trays are investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in Ansys Fluent® software. 20 °C air was used to represent the gas phase with 20–50 m3/h flow rates. The column there are four trays with 7 mm of hole diameter.The CFD results determined that the higher angle of the holes with respect to the tray causes smaller dry tray pressure drop and turbulence intensity in the gas flow. Furthermore, in 75° hole inclined perforated tray and the standard hole the dry tray pressure drop is similar. From the simulation results it is also determined that in case of higher tray thickness the dry tray pressure drop is lower.On the basis of the CFD simulation results some correlations can be determined for the calculation of the dry tray pressure drop of the different trays.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEREMPUAN DALAM KELUARGA BERENCANA ( STUDI PENELITIAN DI KOTA TANJUNG PINANG )
Authors: Mediheryanto Mediheryanto
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang Pengaturan Hukum Perlindungan Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Keluarga Berencana, Implementasi dan Faktor yang menjadi pendukung, kendala serta upaya untuk mewujudkan perlindungan hukum tersebut. Penulis menerapkan penelitian hukum normative sosiologis artinya bahwa penelitian ini akan menggambarkan bagaimana suatu ketentuan hukum dalam konteks teori-teori hukum yang dalam pemaparannya menggambarkan tentang berbagai persoalan yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan hukum perempuan dalam Keluarga Berencana di kota Tanjung Pinang.

Perlindungan hukum kesehatan reproduksi perempuan telah di atur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 dan secara khusus di atur di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 52 Tahun 2009 tetapi belum begitu tegas dan belum terimplementasi dengan baik. Factor kendala adalah Belum adanya stándar pelayanan Minimal untuk fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, Belum adanya bentuk Konkrit Implementasi Dari Pasal 25 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Kependudukan Nomor 52 Tahun 2009, Masih kurangnya kepatuhan petugas pelayanan terhadap SOP Pelayanan KB. Upaya yang perlu dilakukan meliputi pembuatan Standar Pelayanan Minimal, memanfaatkan Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015 yang berkaitan dengan perjanjian perkawinan dan pembentukan tim Jaga Mutu.
RUANG LINGKUP PEMBIAYAAN PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DALAM SISTEM HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Anugerah Bhakti Rizki Tri , Artanto Tri
Published: May 2023

Pembiayaan perbankan syariah pada sistem hukum nasional merupakan bagian dari sistem keuangan Indonesia. Sistem keuangan adalah tatanan dalam perekonomian suatu negara yang memiliki peran dalam menyediakan jasa-jasa di bidang keuangan oleh lembaga-lembaga keuangan dan lembaga-lembaga penunjang lainnya. Adapun yang menjadi fungsi dan peranan perbankan syariah sama dengan fungsi dan peranan perbankan pada umumnya yaitu adalah sebagai penghimpun dan penyalur dana masyarakat. Yang membedakannya dengan bank konvensional, yakni bahwa mekanisme perbankan syariah didasarkan pada prinsip mitra usaha dan bebas bunga. Bila pada perbankan konvensional hanya menggunakan satu prinsip yaitu bunga, maka pada lembaga keuangan syariah terdapat pilihan prinsip yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan nasabah, yaitu prinsip bagi hasil, prinsip jual beli, prinsip sewa, dan prinsip jasa. Secara umum prinsip bagi hasil dapat dilakukan dalam empat akad, yaitu mudharabah, musyarakah, muzara’ah, dan musaqah. Permasalahan yang sering muncul adalah masih sering terjadi kesalahan persepsi atau bahkan istilah yang tidak pada tempatnya padahal sistem dari pembiayaan pada perbankan konvensional dan perbankan syariah jauh berbeda.
PROSEDUR PELAKSANAAN PUTUSAN PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Azrianti Seftia , Herningtyas Tuti , Riyanto Agus , Sakti Indra
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAKPeradilan tata usaha Negara merupakan salah satu peradilan yang diakui keberadaannya di bawah naungan Mahkamah Agung selain daripada Peradilan Negeri, Peradilan Agama, Peradilan Milter. Eksistensi Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia di akui dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1986 tentang Hukum ACara Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara. Dalam artikel ini akan dibahas terkait mekanisme eksekusi terhadap putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara yang dikeluarkan oleh hakim. Prosedur  eksekusi putusan peradilan tata usaha Negara merupakan suatu fenomena hukum ynag bersifat umum. Mekanisme eksekusi yang ditempuh masih mengambang, tidak terdapat penyelesaian akhir dalam pelaksanaan Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara, permasalahan berikutnya adalah terkait dengan uang paksa, terhadap uang paksa  belum diketahui secara jelas berapa jumlah yang harus dibayarkan, dan dari manaasal pembiayaannya jika dibebankan kepada badan pemerintah Pejabaat Tata Usaha Negara
PERAN PENYIDIK KEPOLISIAN DALAM PENINDAKANKEJAHATAN PENCURIAN DENGAN KEKERASAN BERDASARKAN PASAL 365 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA (STUDI DI KEPOLISIAN RESORT KOTA PEKANBARU)
Authors: Sukri Beni , Asril Ferry , Hamler Hamler , Lelana Hendra
Published: May 2023

Hukum Pidana merupakan sarana yang penting dalam penanggulangan kejahatan atau mungkin sebagai obat dalam memberantas kejahatan yang meresahkan dan merugikan masyarakat pada umumnya dan korban pada khususnya. Penanggulangan kejahatan tersebut dapat dilakukan secara preventif (pencegahan) dan represif (penindakan). Namun upaya preventif tidak efektif untuk dilaksanakan jika kita tidak mengetahui apa sebenarnya yang menjadi faktor tindak pidana tersebut terjadi dan apa alasan dari seseorang melakukan tindak pidana. Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah mengenai peran penyidik kepolisian dalam penindakan kejahatan pencurian dengan kekerasan berdasarkan pasal 365 kitab undang-undang hukum pidana, mengenai hambatan penyidik kepolisian dalam penindakan kejahatan pencurian dengan kekerasan di Kepolisian Resort Kota Pekanbaru dan mengenai upaya mengatasi hambatan penyidik kepolisian dalam penindakan kejahatan pencurian dengan kekerasan di Kepolisian Resort Kota Pekanbaru. Peran penyidik Kepolisian dalam penindakan kejahatan pencurian dengan kekerasan berdasarkan pasal 365 kitab undang-undang hukum pidana adalah dengan didahului oleh proses penyelidikan. Sehubungan dengan perannya dalam penegakan hukum, maka kepolisian melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan penting, yaitu: menerima pengaduan dari masyarakat, melakukan penyidikan, dan pelimpahan berkas kepada jaksa penuntut umum untuk diteruskan dalam pemeriksaan perkara di pengadilan”. Hambatan penyidik kepolisian dalam penindakan kejahatan pencurian dengan kekerasan di Kepolisian Resort Kota Pekanbaru adalah korban meninggal dunia, pelaku adalah anak dibawah umur, tersangka mudah melarikan diri, serta pelaku menghilangkan alat bukti. Upaya mengatasi hambatan penyidik kepolisian dalam penindakan kejahatan pencurian dengan kekerasan di Kepolisian Resort Kota Pekanbaru yakni dengan upaya pencegahan (represif) yakni hukum pidana juga harus menjadi salah satu instrumen pencegah kemungkinan terjadinya kejahatan dan Tindakan preventif yaitu usaha untuk mencegah jauh sebelum terjadi kejahatan.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PERUBAHAN UUD 1945 BENTUK KEWAJIBAN DAN TUGAS ANGGOTA MPR
Authors: Abra Emy Hajar , Malau Parningotan
Published: May 2023

Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 telah mengalami empat kali perubahan, pada perubahan yang pernah terjadi tersebut dinilai lebih bernuansa kebutuhan politik semata. Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 sebagai hukum tertinggi yang seharusnya mampu menjadi suara rakyat justru didominasi tarik menarik kepentingann partai politik. Perubahan-perubahan Pasal pun hanyalah pasal-pasal yang berkaitan dengan kewenangan kepala pemerintahan dan kelembagaan Indonesia. Oleh karenanya Konstitusi Republik Indonesia secara substansi dan prosedural belum mampu menyentuh kebutuhan dan partisipasi masyarakat. Jika dilihat pada Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2014 Tentang Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah sebenarnya kebutuhan partisipasi masyarkat menjadi bagian dari tugas MPR, namun hingga sekarang tugas atas amanah undang-undang tersebut sama sekali belum mampu diimplementasikan.
LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN SEBAGAI OUTPUT DARI SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA SEBAGAI RESIKO PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PERBUATAN PIDANA KEPADA NEGARA
Authors: Asril Ferry , Sukri Beni
Published: May 2023

Judul tulisan ini tentang Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Output Dari Sistem Peradilan Pidana Sebagai Resiko Pertanggungjawaban Perbuatan Pidana Kepada Negara. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada makalah ini merupakan penelitian normatif. Tulisan ini membahas tentang bagaimana Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Output Dari Sistim Peradilan Pidana Sebagai Resiko Pertanggungjawaban Perbuatan Pidana Kepada Negara. Hasil analisis didapat bahwa ketika seseorang tersandung dalam perbuatan pidana yang didasarkan kepada unsur-unsur pidana dan alat bukti yang terungkap dalam fakta persidangan. Maka seorang terpidana wajib menjalankan hukuman dilembaga pemasyarakatan yang bertujuan untuk mempertanggungjawabakan perbuatan pidananya kepada negara guna memberikan ketentramanan kepada masyarakat.
USIA PERKAWINAN PROGRESIF
Authors: Ciptono Ciptono , Hasibuan Syamsir
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui usia perkawinan progresif yang ideal di masa yang akan datang, dengan metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sosio-legal serta hukum dapat dipelajari dan diletiti sebagai stusi hukum tentang fakta hukum (law in books), sedangkan sistem norma yang dimaksud adalah mengenal asas, norma , kaidah dari perundang-undangan serta doktrin. Hasil penelitian Putusan Judicial Review Mahkamah Konstitusi No 30-74/PUU-XII/2014 yang menolak menaikkan usia pernikahan di Indonesia menjadi ironi di tengah seruan dunia untuk mengakhiri pernikahan anak. Pernikahan anak di Indonesia memang mengkhawatirkan. Data Susenas 2021 menunjukkan sekitar 11,13% anak perempuan menikah pada usia 10-15 tahun dan sekitar 32,10 % menikah pada usia 16-18 tahun. Praktek pernikahan anak harus dihentikan karena selain membatasi potensi anak juga berakibat pada tingginya angka kematian ibu di Indonesia yang mencapai 359/100.000 kelahiran hidup dan 48/1000 kelahiran untuk jumlah kelahiran di usia 15-19 tahun. Dalam kasus di Jawa Barat, rata-rata anak-anak yang menjadi pengantin anak berusia 14-18 tahun baik di pihak anak laki-laki maupun perempuan. Bahwa USIA Perkawinan Progresif adalah perkawinan hanya diizinkan jika pihak pria sudah mencapai umur 21 tahun dan pihak wanita sudah mencapai umur 18 tahun, dalam hal penyimpangan terhadap Ayat (1) UU NO. 1/ 1974 dapat meninta dispensasi kepada Pengadilan atau pejabat lain yang ditunjuk oleh kedua orang tua pihak pria maupun pihak wanita. Karena UU No. 1 Tahun 1974, sudah berusia 49  tahun, dan perkembangan jaman sudah begitu cepat, banyak hal yang perlu direkontruksi, terutam usia perkawinan. Maka perlu segera UU No. 1 tahun 1974 direvisi disesuaikan dengan perkembangan jaman