bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systems Biology Approach to Understanding the Mechanisms of Action of an Alternative Anticancer Compound in Comparison to Cisplatin
Authors: Wright Elise , Padula Matthew , Higgins Vincent , Aldrich-Wright Janice , Coorssen Jens
Published: November 2014

Many clinically available anticancer compounds are designed to target DNA. This commonality of action often yields overlapping cellular response mechanisms and can thus detract from drug efficacy. New compounds are required to overcome resistance mechanisms that effectively neutralise compounds like cisplatin and those with similar chemical structures. Studies have shown that 56MESS is a novel compound which, unlike cisplatin, does not covalently bind to DNA, but is more toxic to many cell lines and active against cisplatin-resistant cells. Furthermore, a transcriptional study of 56MESS in yeast has implicated iron and copper metabolism as well as the general yeast stress response following challenge with 56MESS. Beyond this, the cytotoxicity of 56MESS remains largely uncharacterised. Here, yeast was used as a model system to facilitate a systems-level comparison between 56MESS and cisplatin. Preliminary experiments indicated that higher concentrations than seen in similar studies be used. Although a DNA interaction with 56MESS had been theorized, this work indicated that an effect on protein synthesis/ degradation was also implicated in the mechanism(s) of action of this novel anticancer compound. In contrast to cisplatin, the different mechanisms of action that are indicated for 56MESS suggest that this compound could overcome cisplatin resistance either as a stand-alone treatment or a synergistic component of therapeutics.
From Remotely Sensed Vegetation Onset to Sowing Dates: Aggregating Pixel-Level Detections into Village-Level Sowing Probabilities
Authors: Marinho Eduardo , Vancutsem Christelle , Fasbender Dominique , Kayitakire François , Pini Giancarlo , Pekel Jean-François
Published: November 2014

Monitoring the start of the crop season in Sahel provides decision makers with valuable information for an early assessment of potential production and food security threats. Presently, the most common method for the estimation of sowing dates in West African countries consists of applying given thresholds on rainfall estimations. However, the coarse spatial resolution and the possible inaccuracy of these estimations are limiting factors. In this context, the remote sensing approach, which consists of deriving green-up onset dates from satellite remote sensing data, appears as an interesting alternative. It builds upon a novel statistic model that translates vegetation onset detections derived from MODIS time series into sowing probabilities at the village level. Results for Niger show that this approach outperforms the standard method adopted in the region based on rainfall thresholds.
Integrated Geophysical and Aerial Sensing Methods for Archaeology: A Case History in the Punic Site of Villamar (Sardinia, Italy)
Authors: Piga Carlo , Piroddi Luca , Pompianu Elisa , Ranieri Gaetano , Stocco Stefano , Trogu Antonio
Published: November 2014

In this paper, the authors present a recent integrated survey carried out on an archaeological urban site, generally free of buildings, except some temporary structures related to excavated areas where multi-chamber tombs were found. The two methods used to investigate this site were thermal infrared and ground penetrating radar (GPR). The thermography was carried out with the sensor mounted under a helium balloon simultaneously with a photographic camera. In order to have a synthetic view of the surface thermal behavior, a simplified version of the existing night thermal gradient algorithm was applied. By this approach, we have a wide extension of thermal maps due to the balloon oscillation, because we are able to compute the maps despite collecting few acquisition samples. By the integration of GPR and the thermal imaging, we can evaluate the depth of the thermal influence of possible archaeological targets, such as buried Punic tombs or walls belonging to the succeeding medieval buildings, which have been subsequently destroyed. The thermal anomalies present correspondences to the radar time slices obtained from 30 to 50 cm. Furthermore, by superimposing historical aerial pictures on the GPR and thermal imaging data, we can identify these anomalies as the foundations of the destroyed buildings.
Using social media to engage and develop the online learner in self-determined learning
Authors: Blaschke Lisa Marie
Published: November 2014

Social media technology provides educators with an opportunity to engage learners in the online classroom, as well as to support development of learner skills and competencies. This case study explores the role of social media in promoting cognitive and meta-cognitive learner development while using a heutagogical teaching and learning approach. Research was conducted using questionnaires and interviews and incorporated the perspectives of both students and instructors on the use of social media in the online classroom and how media influenced interaction and learner development. Results indicate that students perceived specific social media (Google Docs, mind mapping and e-portfolio software) in conjunction with a unique learning activity as influencing specific cognitive and meta-cognitive skills (constructing new knowledge, reflecting on course content, understanding individual learning process). Research also indicated an increase in student familiarity with using social media and student research skills. This paper presents the findings from the case study, as well as general guidance to instructors for incorporating social media in the online classroom.Keywords: social media; heutagogy; e-learning; self-determined learning(Published: 10 November 2014)Citation: Research in Learning Technology 2014, 22: 21635 -http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v22.21635
New historical evidence for the dating of the Sacred Arsenal by Andronikos Kamateros
Authors: Bucossi Alessandra
Published: November 2014

Although the Sacred Arsenal (Ἱερὰ Ὁπλοθήκη) is one of the most important and voluminous remaining Byzantine inedita of the 12th century, it has as yet scarcely been studied. The dating of the Sacred Arsenal by Andronikos Kamateros has remained fluctuating between 1166 and 1175. However, the date of composition of Kamateros’ text can be determined with much more precision by taking into account George Skylitzes’ dedicatory verses, Oration 7 for Michael III “ Anchialos” by Eustathios of Thessalonica and the correspondence between Nerses “ The Gracious” and Manuel Komnenos.
Les Byzantins face aux catastrophes naturelles sous les Paléologues.
Authors: Congourdeau Marie-Hélène
Published: November 2014

Sous les Paléologues, les Byzantins ont été confrontés à un grand nombre de catastrophes naturelles (séismes, tsunamis, peste), qui ont renforcé l’idée que la fin du monde était proche. Au-delà de la perception immédiate et de la description des catastrophes, les sources font entrevoir la diversité des explications (causalités naturelle, divine, démoniaque), des interprétations (présages, avertissements ou punitions) et des attitudes (de la manipulation politique au désespoir en passant par la conversion). Un sort particulier est fait aux tsunamis, en relation avec la croyance selon laquelle la submersion de Constantinople sera un des signes de la fin du monde.
Note sur le monastère de la Laure de l’Anaplous
Authors: Failler Albert
Published: November 2014

Le monastère Saint-Michel de Sôsthénion apparaît aux 13e-14e siècles comme une institution religieuse importante. Il est désigné souvent sous la simple dénomination de Laure par Georges Pachymérès, qui le nomme à propos des séjours qu’y firent les patriarches Joseph et Jean Bekkos et à propos des deux patriarches Athanase, celui de Constantinople et celui d’Alexandrie. Grégoire Palamas, qui s’y réfugia en 1341-1342 pour fuir l’agitation de la capitale, situe le monastère sur l’autre rive, c’est-à-dire audelà de la Corne d’Or, tandis que l’historien le place dans l’Anaplous, terme qui désigne la rive européenne du Bosphore et équivaut ainsi à la précédente formulation.
Deux lettres de Martin Jugie à Serge Boulgakov
Authors: Getcha Job , Kontouma Vassa
Published: November 2014

Two unpublished letters by the Byzantinist Martin Jugie (1878-1954) to the Orthodox thinker Sergei Bulgakov (1871-1944) discovered in the archives of the Institut Saint-Serge in Paris provide the occasion to present the personal views of the Assumptionist father on the union of the Churches as well as his personal interpretation of certain themes in Bulgakov’s L’Orthodoxie (1932) : primacy of Peter, trinitarian and eucharistic doctrines, ecclesiology.
La date de composition de la Philosophia de Georges Pachymère et quelques précisions sur la vie de l’auteur
Authors: Golitsis Pantelis
Published: November 2014

La mise en parallèle du prooimion (inédit) de la Philosophia de Georges Pachymère avec un passage de ses Relations historiques (livre XIII, chapitre 37) permet de dater la composition du premier ouvrage à la suite immédiate du deuxième, c’est-à-dire de 1307. Cette datation invite à reconsidérer la date de décès de l’auteur, située habituellement vers 1310, étant donné que Pachymère s’est encore adonné, après la Philosophia, à un travail philosophique de longue haleine.
An epitaph of a Gepid king at Vefa kilise camii in Istanbul
Authors: Çeti̇nkaya Haluk
Published: November 2014

An epitaph of a Gepid king, namely Thrasarich, was found in the garden of the former Byzantine church today known as Vefa kilise camii in Istanbul. When Thrasarich’s father Thraustila was killed by Theodoric in 488, Thrasarich was crowned king of the Gepids and lived in Sirmium. The city was later conquered by the Goths under Theodoric in 504. No occurrence of the name of Thrasarich was known after this date. The epitaph proves that Thrasarich was given the title of comes domesticorum by the Byzantine administration and died at Constantinople while possibly serving the Empire.
Louis Pasteur. La science pure au service de l'industrie
Authors: Carnino Guillaume
Published: November 2014

La carrière de Louis Pasteur est exemplaire en cela qu’elle montre le lien étroit, intrinsèque et essentiel, entre préoccupations scientifiques et industrielles. À partir de sa correspondance manuscrite (et non de l’édition qui fut tronquée à dessein par ses héritiers), l’article souligne combien les objets et procédés de la science recoupent les enjeux de l’univers manufacturier. Plus encore, la science, revendiquée comme pure, apparaît alors comme le moyen d’une transaction sociale, entre services économiques et politiques échangés contre légitimité, position de pouvoir et récompenses, le tout constituant les fondements d’une revendication d’autonomie de la part du savant. Le propos se termine par une analyse de la constitution du mythe pastorien.
Les spécialités pharmaceutiques au XIX e siècle : statuts et fondements de l'innovation
Authors: Sueur Nicolas
Published: November 2014

Le XIX e siècle est marqué, en France, par l’essor des spécialités : sirop d’opium composé d’Aubergier, sinapisme Rigollot, extraits sous vide d’Adrian... Les spécialistes sont le plus souvent des pharmaciens, qui présentent leurs créations comme des nouveautés, fruits de longues recherches en laboratoire. Or ces produits sont en réalité des thérapeutiques qui remontent à l’Antiquité, avec des innovations marginales portant sur les dosages et la composition. Mais ils répondent à une demande croissante de la médecine du XIX e  siècle, qui continue d’affectionner ces méthodes anciennes. L’invention pharmaceutique repose d’abord sur la mise au point de procédés techniques permettant de fabriquer des spécialités en grand nombre. Ce changement d’échelle se traduit par la création de sociétés et l’apport de capitaux extérieurs. La mise au point de nouvelles machines accompagne et parfois précède l’invention pharmaceutique, même si la production reste en grande partie manuelle. Le développement de ces nouveaux produits s’explique par des motivations plus commerciales que thérapeutiques, avec une concurrence acharnée des fabricants pour le contrôle de ces spécialités.
Des militants en costume cravate. Regard socio-historique sur l'engagement des dirigeants étudiants de la MNEF (1973-1986)
Authors: Argibay Camilo
Published: November 2014

Cet article est centré sur l’analyse socio-historique de l’engagement militant des dirigeants étudiants de la MNEF. En s’appuyant sur un matériau archivistique, il propose de revenir sur les espaces de socialisation dans lesquels ces étudiants étaient engagés. La première partie permet de saisir leur engagement au regard de leur environnement politique et syndical. L’évolution des rapports entretenus par la mutuelle avec d’autres organisations étudiantes et des mouvements partisans à partir des années 1970 constitue une grille de lecture indispensable à la bonne compréhension de cet engagement. Ces militants étudiants sont présents dans deux espaces de socialisation entremêlés : d’abord, une socialisation qualifiée de « militante », en raison de leur insertion dans des mondes militants plus vastes ; ensuite, une socialisation « gestionnaire », spécifique à la MNEF, en raison de leur statut particulier de jeunes dirigeants d’entreprise. En s’arrêtant sur les apprentissages de savoir-faire et les intériorisations de représentations, cet article revient finalement sur une forme d’accumulation de capital militant, élément qui permet de comprendre l’entrée en politique de plusieurs de ces leaders.
Conceptual Model of Successful Educational online Community of Practice for Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Shahrani Fatimah , Mohammad Heba
Published: November 2014

The community of practice is an internet application that nourishes knowledge management and innovation. Implementing the community of practice in education can enhance the learning process and make it an enjoyable, exiting and lifelong experience. In this paper, the researchers intend to create a conceptual model for the successful implementation of community of practice in Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through evaluate the literature review about the educational community of practice. Then, a prototype is developed followed by a survey to collect feed-backs about the experiment. Using the Chi-Square statistical method of qualitative analysis associated with the Design Science Methodology of research, the research is fulfilled. The results illustrated the conceptual model of the effective implementation of the community of practice in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, that define the seven factors to be considered which are network density, culture perceptions, distributed production, knowledge complexity and richness, government enforcement, IT specialist role, and senior members role.
Leading Role of Educators in ELT for Young Learners
Authors: Du Jiali , Yu Pingfang , Li Minglin
Published: November 2014

This paper discusses the leading role of Chinese educators in ELT for young learners. English is a global language. ELT for children becomes especially popular in China when English was officially considered compulsory at primary school in 2001. National identity is the presentation of cultural identity, and alien culture helps children understand native culture from the outside perspective. Culture sensitive applications are required to be made in ELT by teachers. Educators’ excellent presentation and students’ well-established practice lead to full production, bringing the active intake from the passive input.
Applied CAL on Problem Based Learning Using Gagne’s Instructional Design
Authors: Purbohadi Sri Sundari , Harsono Harsono , Prihatiningsih TS. , Emilia O.
Published: November 2014

Abstract— In the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, students are expected to study independently. One of the methods that can improve the ability or skill of learners is using Computer Assisted Learning (CAL). Implementation of CAL in PBL should be able to create Self-Directed Learning (SDL) culture through appropriate instructional design and interesting modules. In this paper, the CAL software is developed using multimedia learning principles, convenient appearance, and user-friendly navigation. The CAL’s learning content is designed using Gagne's instructional design. The experiment proved the CAL was able to give effect size 0.89 and developed self-directed learning culture. From the interviews, students were very glad and interested to use the CAL modules because they can learn anytime and can reach the course objectives without a lecturer.
Bringing Dynamic Geometry to Three Dimensions
Authors: Wasserman Nicholas H.
Published: November 2014

Contemporary technologies have impacted the teaching and learning of mathematics in significant ways, particularly through the incorporation of dynamic software and applets. Interactive geometry software such as Geometers Sketchpad (GSP) and GeoGebra has transformed students' ability to interact with the geometry of plane figures, helping visualize and verify conjectures. Similar to what GSP and GeoGebra have done for two-dimensional geometry in mathematics education, SketchUp™ has the potential to do for aspects of three-dimensional geometry. This chapter provides example cases, aligned with the Common Core State Standards in mathematics, for how the dynamic and unique features of SketchUp™ can be integrated into the K-12 mathematics classroom to support and aid students' spatial reasoning and knowledge of three-dimensional figures.
Using Dynamic Geometry Software to Engage Students in the Standards for Mathematical Practice
Authors: Sherman Milan , McCaffrey James Carolyn , Hillen Amy , Cayton Charity
Published: November 2014

This case provides readers with an opportunity to consider issues pertaining to the use of instructional technologies in the mathematics classroom. As a narrative case based on a lesson observed in a real classroom, the case reflects the complexities of this context, yet was written to highlight certain themes relevant to teaching mathematics with technology. In particular, how students use dynamic geometry software to explore mathematical relationships, how they engage with the Standards for Mathematical Practice, and the important role of the teacher in this process are prominent themes in the lesson.
Integrating Multimedia Animations to Support Common Core State Standards in Mathematics Classrooms
Authors: Trespalacios Jesus , Trujillo Karen , Uribe-Flórez Lida J.
Published: November 2014

Multimedia animations offer students the context required to apply mathematical concepts to support their understanding. This chapter shares information about the NSF-funded Math Snacks, short animations designed to target specific math concepts that students may find difficult, including ratio and proportion. Additionally, the authors offer research-based guidelines for integrating these animations in the math classroom in a way that supports the Standards for Mathematical Practice. The chapter concludes with an introduction to the support materials available at www.mathsnacks.org for teachers who wish to use animations to support the Common Core State Standard for Mathematics in the middle grades.
Interactive Whiteboards
Authors: Goodson-Espy Tracy , Poling Lisa
Published: November 2014

This chapter examines the literature on the use of Interactive Whiteboards (IWBs) in secondary mathematics instruction and notes barriers and achievements. The chapter links the use of IWBs to models for teaching Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). Specifically, it proposes ways in which pre-service secondary mathematics teachers can be prepared to use IWBs to help their students develop understanding of critical mathematics ideas while engaging with worthwhile mathematical tasks and engaging in meaningful discourse.
Young Children, Mathematics, and Coding
Authors: Gadanidis George
Published: November 2014

In recent years, there have been renewed calls for young children to learn to code, using computer programming environments that offer low floor, high ceiling, wide walls coding experiences. That is, students engage with coding with minimal prerequisite knowledge, have opportunities to explore more complex coding concepts and problems, and can pursue many different interests and for a wide audience. This chapter considers how a low floor, high ceiling, wide walls learning environment may be used to couple coding with mathematics, so as to provide young children both a meaningful context for coding and a rich mathematics learning experience. Using cases from classroom-based research and math and coding apps currently under development, the discussion is organized around two questions: (1) How might we design low floor, high ceiling, wide walls mathematics experiences for young children? and (2) How might coding be used to model mathematics concepts and relationships?
Leveraging Interactive Clickers as a Tool for Formative Assessment
Authors: Polly Drew , Rodgers Elizabeth , Little Melissa
Published: November 2014

This chapter provides an overview of interactive remote clickers and how they can be used in an elementary school classroom as a tool for formative assessment in mathematics. The authors share the perspective of a university professor, two teachers, and an elementary school student about the benefits of these types of devices in mathematics classrooms. To this end, they present two vignettes from two fourth grade classrooms and findings from an exploratory study that examined the influence of clickers on teaching and learning in classrooms. Implications and recommendations for using these devices in elementary mathematics classrooms are also provided.
Using the AMC Anywhere Web-Based Assessment System to Examine Primary Students' Understanding of Number Sense
Authors: Martin Christie Sullivan , Polly Drew
Published: November 2014

This chapter discusses how technology can be used to support formative assessment in primary grades mathematics classrooms. There is a specific focus on how technology can assist teachers in conducting formative assessment, how technology may be used to better understand the data produced from regularly engaging in this type of assessment, and how teachers use the data to individualize lesson planning to increase student learning. The chapter specifically examines the Assessing Mathematics Concepts (AMC) Anywhere Web-based assessment tool. This chapter describes a composite kindergarten classroom. This example is intended to illustrate the entire cyclical process of assessing students, analyzing data, and planning and implementing instruction based on the data. The chapter concludes with a discussion and implications for professional development and future instruction.
Perceived Risk and Online Shopping Intention
Authors: Dillon Stuart , Buchanan John , Al-Otaibi Kholoud
Published: November 2014

As online shopping growth continues, electronic retailers are recognizing the need to understand risk perceptions of (prospective) customers so as to remove impediments to continued growth. One particularly fruitful area of research concerns the perceptions of online shoppers to product, financial, privacy, time/inconvenience, psychological, and product source risk. Equally important is to understand differences in risk perceptions between males and females and also how such perceptions vary across different product types: digital (e.g. music), and non-digital (e.g. apparel). Utilizing an online survey of undergraduate college students, findings show that female respondents consistently perceived greater risk than males, with significant differences for product and financial risks for both product types. The “experiential” nature of apparel shopping was highlighted by online shopping intention being explained by psychological (male and females) and product (females) risk only. Overall, perceived risk was found to negatively influence intention to shop online by gender, especially with females.
Initial Adoption vs. Institutionalization of E-Procurement in Construction Firms
Authors: Huang De Chun , Tran Quang Dung , Nguyen Thi Quynh Trang , Nazir Sajjad
Published: November 2014

This study explores the role of government in fostering construction firms move from initial adoption to institutionalization of e-procurement in developing countries' context. It proposes the research model that consists of five external environmental constructs that are considered as factors influencing the different levels of e-procurement adoption. It uses PLS-SEM to analyze the data collected from 112 construction businesses in Vietnam in 2012. It finds that the role of government has an extremely significant influence on a decision of initial adoption of e-procurement in construction enterprises through government leadership, legal and regulatory infrastructure, information and technology infrastructure (ITI), and socio-economic and knowledge infrastructure. However, the role of government is less important to a decision of institutionalization of e-procurement when only ITI significantly influences on the decision-making. As a result, useful theoretical and practical implications are proposed.
Improving Firm Performance Through a Mobile Auditing Assistance System
Authors: Shiau Wen-Lung
Published: November 2014

Generalized Audit Software (GAS) is often used in the current business environment. Despite the advent of mature mobile technology, designs for effective mobile information technology to support auditing tasks have not been developed. The purpose of this study is to develop a mobile auditing assistance system to support auditing tasks in an organization. A mobile auditing assistance system is implemented with five functions: auditing tasks, optimal path planning, searching assets location, scanning assets, and returning auditing tasks. Based on a cost and benefits analysis, a mobile auditing assistance system can reduce costs, increase benefits, and improve firm productivity and performance. Firms can use this approach to design their own mobile auditing assistance system. This allows auditors to perform auditing tasks independently on a real time basis and achieve the objectives of a mobile auditing assistance system.
Distinct Stakeholder Roles Across the ERP Implementation Lifecycle
Authors: Sudevan Smiju , Bhasi M. , Pramod K.V.
Published: November 2014

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation is a difficult and complex decision where it involves people issues more than technological issues. In this paper, identifying stakeholders is emphasized as a key definitive step during the process of ERP implementation and if done improperly, will lead to failure of the implementation project. The impact of stakeholder's interests on the project's decisions was already highlighted as a critical issue in success of the ERP implementation. Consequently the aim of this study has been set to explore the distinct stakeholder's role on ERP implementation life cycle. Accordingly, a qualitative research was designed and through conducting a number of semi structured interviews with project stakeholders a certain amount of data on project's stakeholder lists and roles were gathered. Furthermore, the related project documents, including meeting memos, project charters and some technical reports were studied. It is seen that there is fluidity between the stakeholder roles in each stage of implementation and accordingly, it is imperative that the stakeholder issues must be addressed throughout the lifecycle, not only in the initial stages.
A New Perspective for School Management in the Digital Age
Authors: Kesim Eren
Published: November 2014

All nations throughout the world have been influenced by rapid developments and transformations in the twenty first century. Throughout this process of rapid change, in which newly developed technologies and globalization gained momentum, all social establishments are being restructured. The restructuring process may only be realized with the involvement of individuals raised and trained in accordance with the age we live in, thus the strategic importance of educational organizations has risen. For educational organizations to fulfill the expectations of the responsibilities assigned to them, they must be managed in accordance with the requirements of this era. School principals are laden with important responsibilities throughout this process. One of the foremost variables of the transformation process enabled by digital technologies in the digital age is the concept of digital culture. This concept must be analyzed regarding its repercussions in educational organizations. This study analyzes the digital culture which has emerged in the digital age regarding its repercussion in schools and school management from a conceptual perspective.
A Theory for Knowing in the Network Society
Authors: Dogan Murat Ertan
Published: November 2014

Rapid changes and developments in the information and communication technologies have led to societal transformation and emergence of new social structures. In consequence of these, information has become a vital necessity for every individual in the 21st century, and the social structures have been shaped within the framework of processes for diffusion of information. Moreover, technological and societal changes gave rise to the changes in the nature of information (formation and diffusion) and in the process of having access to the information. In this study, changes in the nature of information and knowing are being discussed on the basis of the theories explaining societal change after the industrial revolution. The study will refer to the characteristics of the learning theories and theoretically assess Connectivisim, which is suggested to be a theory for the contemporary era. This paper discusses Connectivism as an approach which explains learning within the social structures of the Network Society and the Post-Industrial Society based on the review of the theories.
Constructing a Flexible Distance Learning Environment Through a Socio-Technical Perspective
Authors: Doğan Tülay Görü , Eby Gülsün
Published: November 2014

This research is a theory building study regarding the design of distance learning environments from a socio-technical perspective. Within this study, a synthesis of current theories and approaches in addition to established theories in the field of distance education will be conducted, with focus placed on the notion that a flexible learning environment may be designed based on social and technical elements. In this regard, the process of designing the aforementioned learning environment is expressed in a theoretical manner, with the following two theories comprising the basis of the study: (1) the Flexible Learning Approach and (2) the Socio-Technical Theory. A theoretical matrix is established within the study utilizing these theories, while each cell in the theoretical matrix provides a statement that determines a flow chart regarding the design of Flexible Distance Learning Environments.
Online Method Engine
Authors: Vlaanderen Kevin , Dalpiaz Fabiano , van Tuijl Geurt , Spruit Sandor , Brinkkemper Sjaak
Published: November 2014

Software companies keep evolving their methods for software production, due to the continuous changes in the organizational, technological, and societal context. Implementing changes to existing methods is a complex activity, which depends not only on understanding ‘what' to alter, but also on defining ‘how' to apply the changes. Approaches in the literature are mainly focused on the ‘what', provide only partial answers to the ‘how' question, and offer no concrete toolset to support change. In this paper, we propose and discuss a software toolset that realizes the online method engine (OME) concept and provides a concrete answer to the ‘how' question by supporting the iterative and incremental assessment, improvement, and enactment of methods for software production. The authors describe the technical architecture of our toolset that concretely realizes our previously proposed OME concept, provide details on the method enactment mechanism, and report on a qualitative evaluation based on interviews with experienced industrial practitioners in process improvement.
EA Anamnesis
Authors: Plataniotis Georgios , de Kinderen Sybren , Proper Henderik A.
Published: November 2014

Enterprise Architecture (EA) modeling languages can express the business-to-IT-stack for an organization, showing how changes in the IT landscape impact business aspects and vice versa. Yet EA languages provide only the final architectural design, not the rationale behind this design. In earlier work, the authors presented the EA Anamnesis approach for EA rationalization. The authors discussed how EA Anamnesis forms a complement to current EA modeling languages, showing for example design alternatives, EA artifact selection criteria and the decision making strategy that was used. In this paper, the authors extend EA Anamnesis with a capability for organizational learning. In particular, the authors present an integration of two viewpoints presented in earlier work: (1) an ex-ante decision making viewpoint for rationalizing EA during decision making, which for example captures a decision and its anticipated consequences, and (2) an ex-post decision making viewpoint, which for example captures the unanticipated decision consequences, and possible adjustments in criteria. The authors use a fictitious, yet realistic, case study to illustrate our approach.
What’s killing the green menace: mortality factors affecting the emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in North America?
Authors: Lyons D. Barry
Published: November 2014

Emerald ash borer,Agrilus planipennisFairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an Asian species that was introduced into North America in the mid-1990s. The beetle has the potential to devastate populations ofFraxinusLinnaeus (Oleaceae) species. Several species of Hymenoptera parasitoids have made the transition from North AmericanAgrilusCurtis hosts toA. planipennis, and some (e.g.,AtanycolusFörster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) species) have caused substantial mortality. Invertebrate predators ofA. planipennishave been poorly investigated. Predation by woodpeckers (Aves: Picidae) has had the greatest impact onA. planipennispopulations. Native entomopathogens have also been observed in populations ofA. planipennisand are being explored as potential biological control agents.Agrilus planipennisis a freeze-intolerant species and as such perishes when its tissues freeze. However, the beetle can achieve a mean supercooling point of −30 °C by the production of cryoprotectants, especially glycerol. This low supercooling point in combination with temperatures higher than ambient in its overwintering microhabitat means that it can survive in most of its invaded range. As its distribution expands northward its cold hardiness may be challenged. North American species ofFraxinuspossess some resistance toA. planipennisvia defensive mechanisms, but these are quickly overcome by expanding larval populations. Intraspecific competition (via cannibalism and starvation) impacts larval survival.
Increased Ligament Thickness in Previously Sprained Ankles as Measured by Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
Authors: Liu Kathy , Gustavsen Geoff , Royer Todd , Wikstrom Erik A. , Glutting Joseph , Kaminski Thomas W.
Published: November 2014

Context:

Lateral ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in sport, with the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) most susceptible to damage. Although we understand that after a sprain, scar tissue forms within the ligament, little is known about the morphologic changes in a ligament after injury.

Objective:

To examine whether morphologic differences exist in the thickness of the ATFL in healthy, coper, and unstable-ankle groups.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

A total of 80 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletes (43 women, 37 men, age = 18.2 ± 1.1 years, height = 175.8 ± 11.1 cm, body mass = 75.0 ± 16.9 kg) participated in this study. They were categorized into the healthy, coper, or unstable group by history of ankle sprains and score on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

A musculoskeletal sonographic image of the ATFL was obtained from each ankle. Thickness of the ATFL was measured at the midpoint of the ligament between the attachments on the lateral malleolus and talus.

Results:

A group-by-limb interaction was evident (P = .038). The ATFLs of the injured limb for the coper group (2.20 ± 0.47 mm) and the injured limb for the unstable group (2.28 ± 0.53 mm) were thicker than the ATFL of the “injured” limb of the healthy group (1.95 ± 0.29 mm) at P = .015 and P = .015, respectively. No differences were seen in the uninjured limbs among groups.

Conclusions:

Because ATFL thicknesses of the healthy group's uninjured ankles were similar, we contend that lasting morphologic changes occurred in those with a previous injury to the ankle. Similar differences were seen between the injured limbs of the coper and unstable groups, so there must be another explanation for the sensations of instability and the reinjuries in the unstable group.
Surficial geology, Snowdrift, Northwest Territories, NTS 75-L
Authors: Kerr D E , Knight R D , Sharpe D R , Cummings D I , Kjarsgaard B A
Published: November 2014

The Snowdrift map area is characterized by predominantly glaciated, scoured and washed bedrock terrain. The more elevated areas north and south of the East Arm have isolated deposits of till veneer and blanket. Within the East Arm, some low lying depressions
between bedrock ridges are infilled by glaciolacustrine sediments, with various colluvial deposits covering the steepest slopes. Glaciofluvial complexes consisting of eskers, ice-contact sediments and outwash, trend southwestward in the north and westward in the southern map areas. The Snowdrift
River valley and its tributaries are predominantly infilled by terraced and floodplain alluvial sediments, and ridged and outwash glaciofluvial sediments, some with active dunes. The last ice flow recorded by glacial striae, fluted bedrock and crag-and-tails, was generally southwestward to westward,
in the extreme southeast region of the map area. At various elevations, evidence of glacial Lake McConnell is found: isolated glaciolacustrine deltas at 350 m, 335 m, 320 m, 275 m, 260 m; washing limits at 335 m and 320 m; and raised beaches and wave-cut terraces at 335 m, 320 m, 305 m, 285 m, 228
m, 213 m, 200 m, 183 m and 168 m a.s.l.
Reimagining mission in the public square: Engaging hills and valleys in the African City of Tshwane
Authors: Mashau Thinandavha D.
Published: November 2014

This article seeks to map out the future of Christian mission in the city context. African cities like Tshwane are not only expanding, but also present the church with a new frontier that needs to be crossed without crossing geographical boundaries. This article indicates that life in the City of Tshwane is paradoxically placed. Whilst life in the valleys of Tshwane is like walking in the valley of the shadow of death, those on the high hills (the places of power) continue with their dominance and pretence as solution providers, whilst hiding the presence of those who are marginalised. This article proposes that the future of the Christian mission lies not only in identifying those powers, but also in engaging them in a transformative way so as to usher the justice and shalom of God into this highly contested space.
The practices of isolating tuberculosis infectious patients at hospitals of Vhembe district, Limpopo Province
Authors: Tshitangano Takalani G.
Published: November 2014

Background: Airborne infections pose a serious threat to susceptible individuals whenever they are together in confined spaces with patients coughing up tuberculosis (TB) bacilli. In healthcare facilities, those with infectious TB should, as far as possible, be isolated from non-infectious patients in order to prevent exposure to the infectious droplet nuclei generated by infected patients.Aim: This article aims to describe the use of masks and isolation of infectious TB patients at hospitals of Vhembe district, Limpopo Province in order to inform future policy and practices.Setting: This study was conducted at seven of the eight hospitals in Vhembe district.Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative design of a descriptive nature was used. Purposive sampling was used to select 57 focus group participants. Necessary approval, permission and clearance were obtained. The participants’ rights were respected.Results: This study confirmed that TB cubicles were not reserved for patients with infectious TB and that many TB inpatients at hospitals of Vhembe district were not isolated; masks were not used consistently or appropriately by patients, staff or visitors. Furthermore, the movement of TB inpatients in isolation was not restricted.Conclusions: There is an unnecessary risk of becoming infected with TB at the rural hospitals of Vhembe district as a result of incorrect isolation practices. The development and implementation of a quality control programme, as well as ongoing training at the hospital level, would improve the TB infection control measures practised by healthcare workers at hospitals in Vhembe district and reduce the risk of acquiring TB at these hospitals.
Stroke Awareness in Luxemburg: Deficit concerning Symptoms and Risk Factors
Authors: Droste Dirk W. , Safo Jacqueline , Metz René J. , Osada Nani
Published: November 2014

Background

Awareness of stroke risk factors is important for stroke prevention. Knowledge of stroke symptoms and awareness regarding the necessity of seeking urgent stroke treatment are vital to provide rapid admission to a stroke unit. Data on this specific knowledge in Luxemburg are lacking.

METHODS

We investigated 420 patients from the Department of Neurology and their relatives using a questionnaire. There were 44% men and 56% women; 25% were immigrants and 75% Luxemburgish nationals; 13% already had had a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA); and the mean age was 55 years ranging from 18 to 87 years.

Results

A total of 88% of participants knew that a stroke occurs in the head/brain. In all, 10% of participants did not know any symptom of a stroke. The most frequently quoted symptoms (>15%) were paralysis/weakness (36%), speech disorders (32%), cranial nerve deficit (16%), vertigo (15%), and visual disorders (15%). Sensory deficits were mentioned by only 4% of patients. Known risk factors (>15%) were smoking (40%), hypertension (32%), alcohol (32%), poor nutrition (28%), high cholesterol (26%), stress (23%), and lack of exercise (19%). Age (4%), diabetes (6%), carotid stenosis (2%), and heart disease (1%) were less frequently known. In all, 11% of participants did not know any risk factor of a stroke. A total of 89% of participants would correctly call the 112 (emergency phone number). The following groups were better informed: Luxemburgish nationals, younger people, and participants with higher education level. Stroke/TIA patients were better informed concerning stroke symptoms, but unfortunately not concerning how to react in the case of a stroke. There was no relevant gender difference.

Discussion

Although most of the participants knew what to do in the case of a stroke, they did not know the relevant stroke symptoms and risk factors. Future campaigns should therefore focus on risk factors and symptoms, and should address immigrants, elderly persons, less-educated persons, and patients who had already suffered a stroke/TIA.
Stability of Equilibrium Solutions in Planar Hamiltonian Difference Systems
Authors: Carcamo Cristian , Vidal Claudio
Published: November 2014

In this paper, we study the stability in the Lyapunov sense of the equilibrium solutions of discrete or difference Hamiltonian systems in the plane. First, we perform a detailed study of linear Hamiltonian systems as a function of the parameters. In particular we analyze the regular and the degenerate cases. Next, we give a detailed study of the normal form associated with the linear Hamiltonian system. At the same time we obtain the conditions under which we can get stability (in linear approximation) of the equilibrium solution, classifying all the possible phase diagrams as a function of the parameters. After that, we study the stability of the equilibrium solutions of the first order difference system in the plane associated with mechanical Hamiltonian systems and Hamiltonian systems defined by cubic polynomials. Finally, we point out important diòerences with the continuous case.
Developing a Refractory Body for Kiln Building in Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo IE
Published: November 2014

Pottery today is the outcome of centuries of growth and its beginning in  Nigeria stretches back into pre-historic times, a period without written history but potters have since learned much. Any potter who intends to make a living from this craft needs a kiln which combines reliability with economy. In the  past thirty years, potters and entrepreneurs in Nigeria have set up many  pottery studios. A good number of these pottery studios have not survived  partly due to difficulties in procuring a functional kiln and sourcing for cheap and readily available fuels for firing. Firing is considered a crucial stage and  the turning point in the process of pottery making. The researcher therefore  considers it a challenge to develop a refractory body suitable for the  construction of kerosene kiln. This research therefore intends to encourage  potters to change their method and material utilization habit through local  sourcing and experimentation with some of the locally available resources at  hand.
Determinants of Perceived Students’ Academic Performance in Vocational Education in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State
Authors: Ojo GO
Published: November 2014

The study investigated determinants of perceived students' academic performance in vocational education in tertiary institutions in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. A total number of 310 respondents were selected from higher institutions in Lagos State using proportionate stratified sampling technique. The instrument used in the study was a set of questionnaire title Home- School Factors and Students' Academic Performance in Vocational Education Scale (HSFSAPVES). Five finding of the study revealed that there was a significant relationship  between teachers' factors and perceived student's academic performance in vocational education courses. Also, there was a significant relationship between provisions of learning facilities and perceived students' academic performance invocational courses. It was discovered that there is significant relationship between students' factors and their perceived academic  performance in vocational education courses. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that the teachers should be more motivated by ensuring participation in continuous training programmes. There should be improvement in the conditions of services and recruitment of more  competent teachers. Also, government should endeavour to provide adequate learning facilities like computer, laboratory equipment, audio-visual materials and other learning facilities in order to sustain the interest of the students.