bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book reviews - Crítica de libros - Crítica de livros (Historia Agraria, 92)
Authors: Osterud Grey , Ughetti Luca , Warde Paul , Reichert Rafal , González Remuiñán Alberto González Remuiñán , Cottyn Hanne , Pardo Nàcher Cristian , Cabana Iglesia Ana
Published: March 2024

Mats Morell: Agrar Revolution: Jordbruksproduktionen i Uppsala och Västmanlands län 1750–1920.
Grey Osterud

Mathieu Arnoux: Un monde sans ressources: Besoin e société en Europe (XIe–XIVe siècles).
Luca Ughetti

Angus J L Winchester: Common Land in Britain. A History from the Middle Ages to the Present Day.
Paul Warde

Koldo Trapaga-Monchet & Álvaro Aragón-Ruano & Cristina Joanaz de Melo (Eds.): Roots of Sustainability in the Iberian Empires. Shipbuilding and Forestry, 14th-19th Centuries.
Rafal Reichter

Salvador Álvarez & Alejandro Tortolero (coords.): Continentes, intercambios e hibridaciones. Transferencias técnicas y culturales en la historial rural entre Europa y América (siglos XVI al XX).
Alberto González Remuiñán

Tania Porcaro, Esteban Salizzi, Juan Luis Martirén, Sol Lanteri (comp.): Fronteras: aportes para la consolidación de un campo de estudio.
Hanne Cottyn

Tomàs Peris Albentosa: Rasgos Institucionales de las Entidades de Riego Valencianas (siglos XIII-XIX).
Cristian Pardo Nàcher

Jorge Ramón Ros: De la ciudad de la huerta. Percepciones de Valencia en conflicto (1875-1910).
Ana Cabana Iglesia
The impact of virtual experience on visiting tourism destination intention
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Riana Nova
Published: March 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic had changed the people’s behavior and activities in many aspects of living. The government policy of physical distancing in the entire Indonesia impacted activities of people in many sectors, including tourism. In response to this, some Travel Agencies, Destination Management, and Tour Guides had an initiative to launch Virtual Tours as an alternative to organize a tour without mobility. For most of people, Virtual Tours are a new experience. They can visit many kinds of tourism destinations while stay at home. When this phase of pandemic end, this could be a “new normal” people, where Virtual Tours become a first reference for tourists, before they decide to visit a tourism destination. This research aimed to measure how much the concept of Virtual Tour influences the intention of visiting a tourism destination, and how was the potency to recommend it to their friends. The authors used the tourist experience approach as a perspective to gain informations about the tourists experience in enjoying Virtual Tours and how is their interests of visiting. How the experience of Virtual Tours influenced the intention of visiting to the destination they enjoyed in virtual tour, and moreover recommend the destination to their friends, to get the same experience. Through the explanation method to explain the relation between the two variables in this research, the authors used the data gained from a questionnaire from 44 respondents with purposive sampling technique. Analysis of the data used in this study is a simple linear regression analysis and described descriptively. The result of the coefficient of determination from the role of virtual tours experience on interest in visiting tourist destinations is 0.420. This value shows that 42% of interest in visiting tourist destinations is influenced by the experience of virtual tours, while the remaining 58% is determined by other factors outside of this study.
Pontianak city tourism industry as a supporter of conservative attractiveness with environmental insight
Authors: Andrasmoro Dony , Sariani Novita
Published: March 2024

The equator monument is one of the tourism icons of Pontianak City because the location of the tourist attraction is located at 0º of the imaginary line of the equator and is a sign of the boundary of the hemisphere North Latitude and South Latitude. The equator monument has a conservative nuance with environmental insight because the location of the object is associated with the longest river in Indonesia, the Kapuas River which is the lifeblood of the people of West Kalimantan from the social, economic, and cultural sectors. The purpose of this study was to conduct a conservative study of environmental conservation-based tourist attractions. Qualitative-based spatial (geospatial) approach method. The findings of the study show that the approach to the study of environmentally friendly tourism or Sustainable Tourism Development (STD) is environmentally sustainable: A sustainable tourism management model based on ecological balance by considering social, economic, and cultural aspects, so that two zone areas were developed through a weighting assessment of tourism object potential with a value of 164 (high potential) developed through adaptation of STD environmental indicators through the Geographic Information System produced Zone A (main) is the Equator Monument area is a conservative area of geographical value: aspects of physical geography knowledge and Zone B (Supporting) Kapuas River is a hydrological and ecological conservation area zone as one of the ecotourism and hydrological asset-based rivers with an area of about 10 million Ha and has the potential for the endemic habitat of 300 - 500 species of freshwater fish. The two zones encourage the tourism industry of Pontianak City through the management of periodic tourism development (growth-oriented model), increasing tourist attraction through mass tourism attraction (mass tourism) with a model of encouraging sustainable tourism development with environmental and responsible tourism that can be recommended to the Pontianak City Government for sustainable tourism development governance
Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain Management After Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Berger Kara
Published: March 2024

A fundamental component of healthcare delivery is providing comfort, including the minimization of pain with as few side effects as possible. Unmanaged postoperative pain continues to be a challenge in healthcare and is a frequently discussed and studied topic. Pain that is not controlled is associated with several negative sequelae involving multiple organ systems and an overall increase in morbidity. Using a multimodal approach to pain management has been emerging as a way of combatting not only unmanaged postoperative pain, but also the use of opioids. Peripheral nerve block administration is effective pain management technique anesthesia professionals are trained to administer. A newer peripheral nerve block, the erector spinae plane block has been shown to be an effective way of lowering postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption in a variety of surgeries. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic review to determine if the administration of the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) will affect postoperative pain and opioid consumption after abdominal surgery when compared to the administration of the long-established transversus abdominus plane (TAP) block. This systematic review was created using both the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). A literature review was performed, and data was extracted and reported on each study. A cross study analysis was performed using data collection created the author of this review. The ESPB was found to be effective in reducing pain and opioid consumption when compared to receiving no block. The evidence comparing the ESPB to the TAP block suggest the ESPB may have superior pain lowering and opioid sparing abilities than the TAP block but would suggest more studies to confirm.
Evaluating Nursing Knowledge and Readiness to Provide Care for Post-9/11 Veterans in Civilian Healthcare Settings: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Simoni Chelsey
Published: March 2024

Over three-million military service members deployed overseas in support of the post-9/11 Global War on Terror since 2001. Of those, 7,057 have been killed in action, 30,177 have committed suicide, 279,652 died from ill-defined and unknown medical causes, and 520,966 have been diagnosed with cancer. Post-9/11 veterans are 192.75% more likely to be diagnosed with cancer when compared to their civilian counterparts and are more likely to utilize civilian providers (75%) than the Department of Veterans Affairs for health care concerns. The purpose of this quality improvement project is to investigate the level of nurse knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions related to providing health care to post-9/11 veterans in civilian care settings. A descriptive project design with a 15-question survey was implemented. The survey was sent to registered nurses practicing in civilian care settings. A sample of 537 registered nurses practicing in civilian care settings responded. Findings included that 93% incorrectly chose mental health conditions as the most likely occurring condition in post-9/11 veterans, while 7% correctly chose medical illnesses as most prevalent. Nurse respondents reported perceived prevalence of post-traumatic stress occurring more often than cancer and malignancies at a ratio of 19:1. These findings highlight the high potential for cognitive biases which may lead to misdiagnoses and delayed diagnoses in post-9/11 veterans presenting for care with medical symptoms, furthering the need for education. This quality improvement project revealed significant gaps in civilian nurses’ clinical knowledge in screening, assessing, identifying, treating, and recommending resources for post-9/11 veterans and medical related conditions.
Obtaining Russian citizenship by subjects of enemy countries during World War I, 1914-1918: ethnicity or loyalty
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bakhturina Alexandra Yu.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the conditions and features of the naturalization process in Russia of "enemy aliens" during the First World War. In Russian and foreign historiography since the 1990s, this issue has not been closely considered. The authors mainly pay attention to the mass expulsions of enemy subjects to remote provinces from front-line areas, accusations of the latter of espionage in favor of the enemy, restrictions on rights. The researchers conclude that the dominance of ethnic and religious criteria for admission to citizenship of the Russian Empire: the presence of Slavic origin or belonging to the Christian faith for citizens of the Ottoman Empire. Such conclusions are mainly based on an analysis of the laws and orders of the military and civilian authorities of the first months of the war. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the process of granting citizenship not only on the basis of an analysis of the normative acts of the beginning of the war, but also documents of the subsequent period, which reflected the change in the positions of the ruling elite on the issue of Russian citizenship. The article uses petitions from "enemy foreigners", documents of the Council of Ministers and the Ministry of Internal Affairs to assess the course of discussion of petitions and the reasons for making positive or negative decisions. These are documents of the Russian State Historical Archive, the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Central State Historical Archive in St. Petersburg. The analysis of the documents of the Fund of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (RGIA) based on the results of consideration of the petitions of enemy subjects allowed us to conclude about the number of positive decisions and provide new statistical data on the number of enemy subjects who received Russian citizenship in 1914-1915. The mass transfer of interned foreigners to remote Russian provinces created a huge number of problems for state bodies in the center and on the ground. Naturalization of "enemy foreigners" in the empire allowed tokeep valuable specialists at their jobs, to prevent the closure of enterprises owned by "hostile foreigners". The granting of Russian citizenship during the war increasingly depended on subjective factors: the personal support of officials. With the development of military operations, the granting of citizenship increasingly depends not on nationality, but on the loyalty of the Russian Empire confirmed by recommendations.
Economic and managerial ethics of Soviet enterprise managers in the 1930s-1940s. Based on sources of personal origin
Authors:   Vologda State University, Vologda, Russian Federation, Dimoni K. O.
Published: March 2024

This article, for the first time in domestic historiography, scrutinizes the ethical principles guiding the managerial activities of directors in Russian enterprises during the 1930s and 1940s. To address this issue, a selection was made from sources of personal origin, consisting of expressions concerning the principles of managerial ethics, followed by a structured description of these principles. The study employs historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods. The significance of the economic-ethical aspect of the soviet leaders mentality allows for a fresh understanding of the genesis of the soviet elite and its role in the transformation of the socio-economic structure of the country. Furthermore, the examination of the labor ethics of soviet leaders based on personal origin sources is undertaken by the author for the first time in historiography. Additionally, the article introduces a novel approach by applying a systematic structuring method to the managerial-ethical principles of enterprise leadership. The study of managerial ethics is conducted based on personal origin sources, such as memoirs and diaries of enterprise directors. The primary portion of the source complex is extracted from the archives of the Russian State Archive of Economics (memoirs of A. L. Kozlov, A. M. Kontorshchikov, Yu. N. Kozhevnikov, and the diary of M. V. Yasvoin), the majority of which remain unpublished and minimally incorporated into scholarly discourse. The methodological foundation for studying these sources is rooted in A. Rikh's works on the understanding of economic ethics, as well as contemporary Russian historians works on new property relations in the soviet economy of the 1930s to the early 1950s. The author concludes that the fundamental ethical principles adhered to by enterprise leaders in their managerial activities consisted of an «oath» to the fundamental postulates of soviet authority and the requirements formulated by the state. The leaders deemed the principles of centralized command and personal labor participation in enterprise affairs as correct. Regarding moral norms of management, the leaders considered personal gain, nepotism, and favoritism, among other practices, as unacceptable. However, the principles of economic-labor ethics identified through published sources do not encompass the latent stratum of the soviet economic model, where deviations from certain economic-ideological norms, disregard for subordinates, «everyday» norms of managerial material support, etc., were deemed acceptable. The article concludes that a significant portion of soviet enterprise leaders in the 1930s and 1940s adhered to the proposed soviet ideological system of ethical values, striving to uphold and cultivate «socialist» ethical parameters.
The state policy of the USSR in the field of introduction of achievements of science and technology in the mid–1950s.
Authors:   MIREA – Russian Technological University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bodrova Elena V. , Kalinov Vyacheslav V. ,   National University of Oil and Gas “Gubkin University”, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

Based on the study of currently available archival documents from the RGANI funds, the problem of the evolution of state policy in the field of the introduction of science and technology in the USSR in the mid-1950s is investigated. The documents published at that time focused on speeding up the pace of the introduction of new technology, the best use of foreign samples, support for the movement of innovators and inventors, its scaling. A comparative analysis of the indicators of the USSR and the USA demonstrated the continuing technological lag of our country in a number of significant areas. Labor productivity remained relatively low. Arrogance, complacency, fear of taking risks and unwillingness to use the best of world and domestic experience were mentioned as factors determining the failure to achieve the targets. The documents that were not intended for publication contained specific negative examples, there was quite sharp and harsh criticism of the heads of ministries, enterprises and scientists. The conclusion is formulated that the data contained in previously unpublished documents give a more accurate idea of the results of the implementation of the state scientific and technical policy in the period under study and do not allow assessing the measures taken by the authorities in the field of technical re-equipment of production as optimal. Against the background of high rates of economic growth, significant achievements in the field of science and technology, there was a slowdown in modernization processes. Inventors were insufficiently stimulated, the results of research developments were slowly introduced. The approved documents indicate that the authorities tried to cope with the emerging problems with the help of command methods, reorganizations of the management system. But the share of manual labor remained high. This led to the fact that the advantages achieved in any industry by high mechanization of individual processes were largely lost, and the labor intensity of products continued to remain high. As the most important factor of inhibition, the current mobilization model of the economy was determined, focusing primarily on achieving quantitative targets. In addition, the rejection of the development of a unified all-Union plan for the introduction of new technology had a negative impact, there was no single body ensuring the coordination of research and implementation of their results. The country's leadership did not sufficiently assess the importance of the release of computer technology, automation and mechanization of production.
Specifics of Staffing of the Soviet Joint Stock Company “Wismut”: Correspondence of the Apparatus of the First Main Directorate under the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the AUCP (B) Party Organizations in 1949
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Mikheev Mikhail V. , Bedel Alexander E. ,   Institute of History and Archeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

The publication introduces into scientific use correspondence of the deputy head of the First Main Directorate (PGU, executing agency of the Soviet nuclear project) under the Council of Ministers of the USSR P. Ya. Meshik with the party organizations of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the AUCP (B) on the issue of recruitment for work abroad. The analysis of references to the resolutions of the Council of Ministers known to researchers establishes that the Soviet Joint-Stock Company “Wismut” located in Germany recruited mining engineers and specialists in the field of geological exploration. Its subordinates were engaged in search and development of uranium deposits in the Soviet zone of occupation of Germany. A raw material base for extraction and processing of uranium-containing ores was formed for implementation of the Soviet nuclear weapons program in the second half of the 1940s. For reasons of state secrecy, researchers are still significantly limited in access to archival documents on the history of the nuclear project. Thus, introduction into scientific use of new historical sources related to the project implementation already seems sufficiently relevant and high-demand scientific task. In this case, it is a selection of five documents deposited in the materials of the Sverdlovsk City Committee of the AUCP (B) Documentation Center of Public Organizations of the Sverdlovsk Region associated with the mass recruitment of mining and exploration workers entrusted to the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the AUCP (B) in spring of 1949 in the interests of the nuclear project. At the direction of the Regional Committee (obkom), the Sverdlovsk City Committee selected a number of necessary specialists, and the First Main Directorate began their registration for work abroad. In the autumn of 1949, a request came from the PGU about expediency of such transfer for one of the selected specialists. Doubts were caused by minor flaws indicated in his generally positive characteristic. Responding to the request, the city committee withdrew its decision. The introduction of the identified documents collection into scientific use is due to two reasons. Firstly, at the grassroots stage, it fixes the recruitment system for the Soviet nuclear project, which has been little studied up to date. Secondly, on a hypothetical level, it can be considered an illustration of a mechanism of evasion from mobilization into the atomic project system, which frightened many specialists with its obscurity.
Archival Funds and Collections of Professor Gottlieb Bayer in St. Petersburg and Glasgow
Authors:   First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Sokolov Sergei, V. , Gilevich Nikita D. ,   First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

The article provides an overview of archival documents related to Gottlieb Siegfried Bayer (1694–1738), professor of the first staff of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Bayer's research interests were quite diverse and included the study of the languages and culture of Asia, the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, history of the Black Sea region, origin of the Varangians and Rus'. Bayer's documents are mainly concentrated in two repositories: the St. Petersburg branch of the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPbF ARAN) and in the Special Collections of the University of Glasgow Library (UGL). The article examines the history of the formation and composition of archival collections, as well as the most significant publications. In the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences there is a personal collection of Bayer, formed in the Soviet period. The fund includes two inventories: manuscripts of works and materials and correspondence of the scientist, with a total of 64 files. In addition to the personal fund, Bayer’s documents can be found in other funds and categories of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The archive contains notes, projects, organizational, administrative, personnel, financial documentation, including those related to Bayer’s activities as inspector of the Academic Gymnasium. Bayer's papers in the University of Glasgow Library arrived there at the beginning of the 19th century. The collection is made up of documents sent shortly before the scientist’s death to K?nigsberg and includes draft articles, notes, various copies and extracts, correspondence, books from his personal library, a total of 261 items. Almost all the documents in Glasgow are related to Bayer's orientalist interests. Complexes of documents in St. Petersburg and Glasgow include the scholar’s autographs. Most of the documents are manuscripts. There are a small number of printed books, including those of Chinese origin (UGL). Certain documents are duplicated in both complexes, for example, Bayer's correspondence with Jesuit missionaries in China. The first publications of Bayer's archival documents were made in the 18th century. Extracts from the documents appeared in various publications of the 19th century on the history of the Academy of Sciences. Several articles and monographs cited extensive quotations from Bayer's correspondence. A significant number of items were abstracted and cited in the Catalogue of the Bayer collection in Glasgow. A few translations of Bayer's texts are given in the new volume on the history of the Academy of Sciences. Bayer's archival collections complement each other, allowing one to evaluate the academic research practices and trace connections and interactions in the 18th-century scholars.
Regional Archival Sources on the History of a Young City on the Example of Divnogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Region
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Pavlyukevich Ruslan V. , Severyanov Mikhail D. ,   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Elteko Juliya V. ,   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

The article presents a review of the corpus of documents of the State Archive of Krasnoyarsk Krai, related to the history of Divnogorsk. The town was founded by the authorities as a settlement serving the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station in 1963. Divnogorsk is one of the many young industrialised small towns which appeared in the USSR during the next round of industrial modernisation. Its peculiarity is the close connection to the regional centre. Divnogorsk is a part of Krasnoyarsk agglomeration. Due to the high role of the town in the economic plans and projects of the Krasnoyarsk region development, its history is reflected not only in the town archive, but also in the documents of the regional archive collection to a great extent. A considerable part of them has not yet been put into scientific circulation. The corpus of documents related to Divnogorsk is quite complicated and chaotic. It is represented by neither one fund in particular but scattered over many others. All the materials about the town can be divided into two groups. Firstly, these are funds entirely dedicated to and related to Divnogorsk and businesses located there. These are mainly collections of party and Soviet organizations of Divnogorsk. Due to the fact that the town was a relatively small settlement, these materials reflect data on various aspects of life and development of small industrial town in Siberia. This group includes the fonds of the Divnogorsk town committee of the Communist Party of the RSFSR, primary party organizations of the CPSU institutions in Divnogorsk (the town's building and transport departments, the executive committee of the town council, the town committee, the low voltage plant, the housing and utilities office, the court and prosecutor's offices, and educational institutions); the fonds of the town's Komsomol organizations, and state and party control agencies. The second group comprises the fonds of the township-wide fonds, which contain information on the socio-economic development of the township. The second group includes the fonds of Krasnoyarskgesstroy Construction Directorate, Krasnoyarsk Region Planning Commission, and the local branch of the Federal State Statistics Service in Krasnoyarsk Region. The use of the krai archives collections allows a comprehensive study of the phenomenon of young cities of the USSR. The analysis of documents related to Divnogorsk in the State Archive of Krasnoyarsk region will make it possible to understand the regularity of deposition of documents on history of young towns of the Soviet period in archives, which will contribute to further search of materials to study such topics.
Towards Freedom of Speech: The Special Council to draw up a new Statute on the Press in 1905
Authors:   European University at St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Novoselskiy Sergey S.
Published: March 2024

The article deals with the discussions that accompanied the work of the Special Council on drafting a new press statute in 1905. The Council, also known as the «D. F. Kobeko Commission», worked from February 10 to December 18, 1905. The minutes of its meetings, which served as the main source for the study, were deposited in the personal fund of the prominent statesman and public figure, lawyer A. F. Koni in the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF). Researchers who approached them earlier were primarily interested in the institutional aspects of the activity of the The Special Council: the procedure for its formation, composition, course and results of the meetings. The participants in the discussion, with their views, ideas and proposals, remained in the background. Meanwhile at the The Special Council was represented the expert community, organized on the authorities` initiative. In addition to officials, lawyers, publishers, journalists and public figures of various views were involved in drafting the new press law. This determined the problematic nature and acuteness of the discussions. During the meetings of the Special Council, the positions of the two most significant and influential groups of the Russian public – the ideological supporters and the convinced opponents of the reforms – were formulated and determined. Representatives of each of them were guided by different worldviews that determined their political and social position. In their judgments, which for the first time are considered comprehensively in historiography, they went much further than the issues of the press. Their discussions revealed their positions on the key issues of Russian public thought in 1905: representation of the people, constitutional state, political and civil liberties and revolution. The intellectual history`s methodology made it possible to place the statements of the members of the Council in a broad socio-political context. And the use of additional (mostly unpublished) office documents allowed to determine to what extent the Special Council corresponded to the key trends of the state policy in the field of press and propaganda. And to what extent the «D. F. Kobeko Commission» foresaw and determined these trends. On the basis of the study it is concluded that in 1905 the Russian public was widely integrated into the lawmaking process. This cooperation did not always bring legislative fruits. But it significantly changed the political agenda, considerably narrowing the «boundaries of permissible» for the supreme power.
COASTAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE APTIAN SEA BASIN IN THE REGION OF THE YELSHAN-KURDYUM UPLIFT (SARATOV VOLGA REGION)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ivanov Aleksey
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of studies of a number of sections of Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) deposits in the Saratov Right Bank region (settlements Krasnyi Oktyabr’, Doktorovka, Kurdyum and Shirokoe), confined to the Yelshano-Kurdyum uplift. Oryctocenosis combines autochthonous (ichnofossils), subautochthonous (bivalves and gastropods) and allochthonous (ammonites, wood fragments) elements. Sedimentological and mineralogical indicators (ripple marks, desiccation cracks, wedge-shaped structures, cross-bedding, glauconite, and calcite veinlets), as well as fossil remains and features of their taphonomy, allow us to diagnose the coastal ecosystem of the epicontinental sea basin. In the ecosystem format, we see a variety of physico-geographical situations: areas of the bottom which are periodically actively bioturbated and hydrodynamically transformed into mature hardground; zones of active hydrodynamics with the formation of cross-bedding; and zones of subaerial surfaces with the possible development of stick soils. Reconstruction of the paleoecosystem is complicated by the presence of a number of natural facts that have not been unambiguously interpreted, images of which are given in the article. The studied sections are of interest from the standpoint of geoheritage. Selected natural facts are actively involved in the development of a number of geoscientific university museums.
ON THE PALEOECOLOGICAL VALUE OF THE COLLECTIONS OF LOWER FRASNIAN INVERTEBRATES OF THE MAIN DEVONIANFIELD IN THE MINING MUSEUM
Authors:   Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Tsinkoburova Maria , Kuznetsov Aleksandr
Published: March 2024

The article describes two groups of facies most widely represented in the collections of Lower Frasnian invertebrates of the Main Devonian Field in the Mining Museum (hardgrounds and pelecypod banks). The presence of three types of hardgrounds has been established, differing in the nature of the original bottom and the time of exposure of each hardground, and hence structural and textural features of rocks and systematic composition of oryctocenoses. The first type is crinoidal limestone with an extensive complex of sclerobionts and traces of bioerosion by Trypanites Mägdefrau, an uneven surface and a visually almost complete absence of impregnation. In hardgrounds of this type, three generations of sclerobionts are distinguished, namely: abiogenic substrates (first), incrustators of the remains of organisms of the first generation (second), and bioerosion organisms (third). The second type is micritic limestone with a smooth glass-type surface, a small complex of sclerobionts and traces of bioerosion by Trypanites Mägdefrau. The third type is pelecypod limestones with an uneven surface, isolated sclerobionts, numerous traces of bioerosion by Trypanites Mägdefrau and strong ferruginous impregnation. For the most widespread hardgrounds of the first type, the presence of specific taphofacies has been established, characterized by good preservation of organic remains of the first generation, an almost complete absence of organic remains of the second generation, and a complete absence of bioerodible organisms. The appearance of such taphofacies is due to the short exposure time of the hardground and the beginning of a rapid process of new accumulation immediately after the appearance of the first organisms of the second generation. The presence of such taphofacies emphasizes the importance of distinguishing taphofacies in certain paleofacies and certain types of oryctocenoses. In the oryctocenoses of pelecypod shells, three morphological and ethological types of cornulitids have been established. The most representative settlements of cornulithids were characteristic of calcareous clay soils with small areas of compacted bottom.
IVAN A. HEIM, RECTOR OF MOSCOW UNIVERSITY AND ENCYCLOPEDIC SCHOLAR
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Maximov Yuriy , Krivichev Aleksandr , Sidorenko Vladimir
Published: March 2024

The article presents the main stages of the scientific path of Ivan A. Heim (Bernhard Andreas von Heim, 1758-1821), a representative of the German academic society, who moved to Russia in 1779 and held the position of the rector of Moscow University from 1808 to 1819. I.A. Heim’s scientific heritage in the field of linguistics, geography and statistics is considered. The great merits of I.A. Heim in the organization of evacuation of Moscow University during the Patriotic War of 1812 and its subsequent restoration are shown.
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Karies Gigi pada Siswa SDN 2 Muara Dua Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Syafridah Anita , Yasin Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan komponen penting dari kesehatan secara keseluruhan yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang dan menjadi perhatian penting dalam pembangunan kesehatan penduduk Indonesia maupun negara-negara berkembang. Kebersihan gigi dan mulut yang baik dapat diwujudkan melalui pengetahuan dan perilaku yang baik dan benar terhadap pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penyakit gigi mulut dapat dialami oleh berbagai kelompok usia, tidak terkecuali pada anak. Kerusakan gigi pada usia kanak-kanak dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan gigi pada usia dewasa. Perilaku kesehatan yang buruk pada anak dapat mendatangkan berbagai jenis penyakit, salah satunya karies. Karies merupakan kelainan gigi yang bersifat progresif, diawali proses demineralisasi oleh asam hasil produksi bakteri dan merupakan penyebab utama kehilangan gigi. Gigi rusak, berlubang dan rasa sakit pada gigi merupakan masalah terbesar di Indonesia masalah ini terhitung 45,3% pada penduduk Indonesia. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan tentang karies gigi pada Siswa SDN 2 Muara Dua Kota Lhokseumawe. Metode penelitian ini dengan jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan rancangan desain penelitian cross sectional. Rancangan penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional yang menganalisis data variabel yang dikumpulkan pada satu titik waktu tertentu di seluruh populasi sampel atau subset yang telah ditentukan. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan tentang karies gigi pada siswa SDN 2 Muara Dua Kota Lhokseumawe. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 8 November 2023. Penelitian  dilakukan SDN 2 Muara Dua Kota Lhokseumawe. Hasil penelitian ini dihasilkan tingkat pengetahuan siswa SDN 2 Muara Dua Kota Lhokseumawe tentang karies pada 56 responden yang memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 17 orang (30,3%), cukup sebanyak 34 orang (60,7%) dan kurang sebanyak 5 orang (8,9 %). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan siswa SDN 2 Muara Dua Kota Lhokseumawe tentang karies memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup.
Design and Analysis of a Topology-Optimized Quadcopter Drone Frame
Authors: Bay Berke , Eryıldız Meltem
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on the analysis and optimization of a drone frame design to enhance its performance characteristics. The design underwent drop testing, stress analysis, displacement analysis, and flow simulation to evaluate its structural integrity, deformation resistance, and aerodynamic performance. Furthermore, topology optimization techniques were employed to achieve a 30% weight reduction while maintaining the structural integrity of the drone frame. The results of the drop test analysis revealed that Design 2 exhibited lower stress levels compared to Design 1, indicating improved load distribution and structural integrity. However, Design 1 demonstrated lower displacement values, suggesting better resistance to deformation. The flow analysis indicated that Design 1 achieved lower flow velocities, indicating superior propulsion and aerodynamic performance. Through topology optimization, the mass of the drone frame was successfully reduced by 30% without compromising structural integrity. The optimized design exhibited improved stress management, reduced displacement, and slightly higher flow velocities compared to the initial design. These improvements contribute to enhanced agility, maneuverability, and energy efficiency of the drone. The findings of this study highlight the importance of considering stress distribution, displacement, and aerodynamic performance in drone design and optimization. The results provide valuable insights for the development of efficient and reliable drones.
Sacralization of natural and cultural objects in Belarus (by the example of the well near the Pаručniki village, Biešankovičy district)
Authors: Skvarcheuski Dzmitry
Published: March 2024

This publication, based on archival documents, examines the process of sacralization of the well near the Pаručniki village, Biešankovičy district. This case is an illustrative example of the process of emergence and functioning of sacred sites on the territory of Belarus. Archival documents give us a unique opportunity to learn many aspects that remain unknown or little-known: how sacralization took place, how the tradition of veneration was formed and developed, how the shrines functioned, who took care of them, what was the fate of the donations, what was the attitude of society, the church and the authorities. Using the case of a well near the Pаručniki village with additional materials, the author proposed a model of the emergence and existence of folk shrines: sacred precedent; verification of sacred precedent; sacralization of the object; cultural formalization of the object; legitimization of the shrine; the formation of a tradition of veneration; transformation of the shrine; the decline of the shrine and its subsequent disappearance/restoration. The appearance of the image of the cross in the frozen well on the Feast of the Epiphany in 1894 was a sacred precedent. People began to consider the water healing after repeated occurrences of images of the cross. Partially confirmed rumors of healing were the reason for a mass pilgrimage to the well. The largest number of pilgrims was recorded on Easter. Archival documents have preserved the exact list of donations that were left at the well. Mostly pilgrims brought money and linen and wool textiles. The donations were managed by the inhabitants of the village of Paručniki. The donations were later transferred to the parish church in Biešankovičy. Local residents asked the church to officially recognize the shrine, but a special commission created by the governor didn’t confirm the healing properties of the water. Official recognition of the folk shrine by the church and state authorities was an important condition for the preservation and development of the tradition of veneration of natural and cultural objects in Belarus in the second half of the 19th century. The local authorities took measures to stop the veneration of the well in Paručniki: a ban on visiting, propaganda of the idea that the water was harmful. The well was never officially recognized, and its mass veneration soon ceased. The holy well has not survived to this day, but the author localized its location. The memory of the holy spring (well) was preserved only in one family in the Pаručniki village among the descendants of one of the direct participants in the events of 1894–1895.
Culinary code of Maslenica (Shrovetide) rites in Belarus and Podlasie
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Leshkevich Alena
Published: March 2024

The article aims to research how the culinary code of culture manifests itself in the Shrovetide rituals of Belarus and Podlasie (a region in eastern Poland, where ethnic Belarusians live on the border with Belarus). The tasks are to analyse the names of the festive period whose origin is motivated by the culinary code, to identify Shrovetide dishes, and to characterise the role of feasts in the Shrovetide ritual cycle. The article uses ethnolinguistic methodology. The text is written based on published sources, archival and field materials collected in Belarus and Podlasie. The culinary code is one of the main elements of the Shrovetide ritual cycle: it is used to “program” the prosperity of the peasant household for the coming year and to form the majority of local names of the holiday in Belarus and Podlasie (Maslenitsa, Zapusty, Zapusti, Zagaviny, and their variants). Abundant feasts symbolically influence the prosperity in the next year according to the principles of similarity magic. Throughout Belarus dairy products and pancakes are used as festive Shrovetide food, but in local traditions, other dishes can be considered Shrovetide. The consumption of meat products in the week before Lent has religious and local peculiarities: Catholics, as well as informants whose confessional affiliation is not specified, mostly from western Belarus, consider meat dishes obligatory, while the prohibition of meat consumption is due to the influence of the Orthodox Church and local traditions. In Podlasie, during the 2022–2023 field research, informants made almost no mention of special Shrovetide dishes. The common Polish tradition of eating donuts on Fat Thursday is gradually spreading to Podlasie. Shrovetide feasts in Belarus were more often family and less often friendly-neighbourly, while in Podlasie – vice versa. The feasts remain a characteristic feature of the week before Lent in Podlasie, but dishes do not differ from those on the feasts on other holidays
THE EFFORTS TO IMPROVE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE THROUGH PARTICIPATIVE BUDGETING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL
Authors: Pangaribuan Bonar , Pangaribuan Hisar , Siagian Harlyn
Published: March 2024

This study examines how participative budgeting and budget control can improve a company's financial and managerial performance. The research method used is quantitative confirmation with a variance-based approach. Questionnaires were distributed online to respondents involved in the budgeting process in order to collect data and facilitate their objective perception of the variables under study. There were 67 respondents who filled out the questionnaire completely and processed it validly. The data's validity and reliability are confirmed by meeting the necessary criteria for processing, including the loading factor, average variance extracted, composite reliability, and discriminant validity with a heterotrait-monotrait ratio. The study results have shown that adequate budget control and involvement of related parties in making budgets will increase discipline and a good understanding of budgets for managers so that they can significantly improve the company's managerial and financial performance.
EVALUASI PERILAKU HARIAN LUTUNG JAWA (Trachypithecus auratus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812) PASCA PELEPASLIARAN DI GUNUNG BIRU BATU JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Sukmayanti Rifka Hardina , Aryanti Nirmala Ayu , Syarifuddin Amir , Kurniawan Iwan
Published: March 2024

The Mount Biru protect forest is still maintained the biodiversity so that it is able to support a variety of animals in it, one of which is a habitat for the release of the javan langurs group (T. auratus). This study aims to determine the daily behavior of the javan langur after rehabilitation and release to evaluate the development of population behavior and barriers in the same group since 2014. The study used a focal animal sampling method combined with scan sampling to observe daily behavior (eating, social, resting, and moving) one female javan langur released in 2014. It was observed that post-release individuals had higher resting activities (38.91%) and the lowest allo-grooming social activities (5.08%). The results of the different test calculations using Chi Square can be concluded that there are significant differences in the daily behavior of the Javan langur after release in 2015, 2019 and 2021.
Kajian Tentang Wanprestasi Dalam Hubungan Perjanjian
Authors: Satiah Satiah , Amalia Riska Ari
Published: March 2024

Terbitnya perjanjian akan menimbulkan prestasi bagi para pihak. Namun jika salah satu pihak ingkar janji, maka timbul sebuah kebingungan, apakah kasus ini menjadi ranah pidana atau perdata.Adapun rumusan masalah yang diangkat adalah 1) apakah perkara wanprestasi dapat dialihkan menjadi perkara pidana 2) apakah upaya hukum perkara wanprestasi dengan perkara penipuan dapat berjalan dalam waktu yang bersamaan? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) untuk mengetahui apakah hubungan keperdataan dalam wanprestasi dapat beralih menjadi perkara pidana? 2) apakah upaya  hukum seseorang yang digugat wanpretasi dan dituntut pidana dapat dilakukan secara bersamaan? Untuk mengkaji permasalahan dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan(statue approach dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Adapun kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik adalah sebagai berikut 1) wanprestasi dan penipuan memiliki unsur yang berbeda sehingga perkara wanprestasi tidak dapat dialihkan menjadi perkara penipuan 2) jika wanprestasi dan penipuan terjadi dalam suatu perkara yang memiliki hubungan hukum maka proses pidana dapat ditangguhkan sampai ada putusan perkara perdata.
Upaya Penanganan Hate Speech Dengan Mediasi Penal
Authors: Wulandari Laely , Hidayat Syamsul
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa tentang penggunaan mediasi penal dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan hate speech. Hate speech (ujaran kebencian) akhir-akhir ini perkaranya semakin meningkat hingga diperlukan upaya lain dalam penangannya.Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptua dan pendekatan kasus Mediasi penal merupakan model penyelesaian perkara yang layak dipertimbangkan untuk masalah hate speech ini karena ada beberapa keuntungan yang didapat yakni :Mengurangi tumpukan perkara, Mendapatkan penyelesaian yang win-win solution,Mencegah Konflik Meluas dan menghindari perpecahan bangsa.