bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA APLICADA COMO ESTRATÉGIA NA GESTÃO DO ENDIVIDAMENTO PÚBLICO
Authors: De Jesus Carla Rocha , Estender Antonio Carlos
Published: August 2019

O Este trabalho se propõe a compreender as percepções dos stakeholders a respeito da aplicação da governança corporativa como estratégia na gestão do endividamento público. Visa também apresentar, demonstrar e discutir como as principais práticas da governança corporativa podem contribuir para uma melhor gestão do endividamento público. O trabalho foi realizado por meio de estudo de caso, entrevistas de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, sendo a coleta de dados realizada através de um questionário destinado a 23 stakeholders. Observou-se que os principais resultados apontam que a transparência é fundamental no controle dos atos administrativos e que a sociedade deve se apropriar de ferramentas e mecanismos para obter uma participação consciente e ativa na tomada de decisão junto ao Estado.  Diante do exposto as implicações mais relevantes foram: que para se evitar o desequilíbrio fiscal é necessário um corpo administrativo capacitado e baseado em uma governança responsável e focado na essência de boas práticas

Palavras-chave: Governança Corporativa; Endividamento Público; Administração Pública.
TEOR DE AMINOÁCIDOS COMO RESPOSTAS ADAPTATIVAS DE MILHETO (Pennisetum glaucum) AO ESTRESSE HÍDRICO E SALINO
Authors: Galdino Antônia Gorete da Silva , DA SILVA TOSHIK IARLEY , Silva Johny de Souza , Da Silva Cícero Lucas
Published: August 2019

A família Poaceae é constituída de plantas popularmente conhecidas por gramíneas e possui elevado número de espécies adaptadas a diferentes habitats. Com vista nisso, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar a influência dos estresses hídricos e salinos no teor de aminoácidos totais em plantas de Pennisetum glaucum. Para o estresse salino, as plantas foram submetidas ao tratamento com 60 mM de NaCl, enquanto que para o estresse hídrico usou-se 8% de polietilenoglicol nas soluções nutritivas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (estresse hídrico, salino e controle) e sete repetições. O teor de aminoácidos como uma resposta à deficiência hídrica e à salinidade teve um maior registro nas folhas novas, onde apenas a salinidade influenciou no teor de aminoácidos. De modo geral, o teor de aminoácidos em folhas novas, intermediárias e raízes não foram influenciadas pelos estresses estudados. Com isso, destaca-se que a espécie mostrou-se bem adaptada às condições de estresse hídrico e salino aumentando o teor de aminoácidos nos seus tecidos.
Roles of Mitochondrial Respiratory Complexes during Infection
Authors: Escoll Pedro , Platon Lucien , Buchrieser Carmen
Published: August 2019

Beyond oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondria have also immune functions against infection, such as the regulation of cytokine production, the generation of metabolites with antimicrobial proprieties and the regulation of inflammasome-dependent cell death, which seem in turn to be regulated by the metabolic status of the organelle. Although OXPHOS is one of the main metabolic programs altered during infection, the mechanisms by which pathogens impact the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes to alter OXPHOS are not well understood. Similarly, how changes on ETC components affect infection is only starting to be characterized. Herein we summarize and discuss the existing data about the regulation of ETC complexes and super-complexes during infection, in order to shed some light on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the mitochondrial OXPHOS machinery when intracellular pathogens infect eukaryotic host cells.
Community Empowerment Model for Forest Revegetation and Preservation the Area Around the Springs: Arjuna Mount Case Study in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Matheus , Soemarno Soemarno , Riniwati Harsuko , Afandhi Aminudin
Published: August 2019

The research objectives were (1) to examine the determinants of community empowerment towards the revegetation of Arjuna mount forests; (2) assessing the influence of geography and soil conditions on the revegetation of Arjuna mount forests; (3) reviewing the effect of Arjuna mount forest revegetation on the preservation of spring water sources and (4) formulate a model of community empowerment around the forest based on revegetation of Arjuna mount and preservation of the area around the springs. The method used was descriptive method. While based on the techniques and tools used to research, the author uses the survey method to obtain facts that occur in the research area, namely in the area around the spring of the Kedunglarangan and Gumandar Prigen watersheds, Pasuruan Regency. Data obtained in the field are then processed and analyzed using GIS, ArcView 3.3 and Google Earth programs. The study population covering the community around the forest and springs, who lived in three villages, namely Leduk, Jatiarjo and Dayurejo village, Pasuruan, East Java-Indonesia. Data obtained from respondents with questionnaires and analyzed using SEM (structural equation modeling), to find out a general description of respondents' responses about community participation in the preservation of Arjuna mount forest. The results showed that (1) human resources, economic, social, local institutional factors, facilities and infrastructure had a very significant effect on forest revegetation; (2) geography and land variables have a significant effect on forest revegetation; (3) forest revegetation variables have a significant effect on the preservation of springs; and (4) The development of human resources, economic, local institutional, facilities and infrastructure in the community around the forest was a relevant model for the success of forest revegetation and the preservation of springs in Arjuna mount.
Rethingking of Islamic Sufism: Sufisme Sebagai Solusi Alternatif Atas Kekerasan Sosial
Authors: Muhtador Moh
Published: August 2019

This paper examines socialism and mysticism. Social change occurs along with the times. These changes touch the colors and patterns for the journey of modern human life, so that the nature of hidonism, individualism and materialism emerge. Where life is only measured by world achievements. The teachings of religion wrapped in the behavior of classical Sufism still cannot contribute to the social problems that occur. Because the model offered is only limited to the spiritual individual, so it does not touch social problems. Thus, it takes rethingking of soufsime. Reformulating the kesufian doctrines by paying attention to social turmoil and the problems that occur with the goal can provide solutions to social problems. Because Sufism is a doctrine of morality that covers aspects of birth and mind, so Sufism reconstructs the paradigm of Sufism is an urgent need to answer social problems.
Pengelolaan Stres dengan Meningkatkan ESQ Melalui Teknologi Quantum Ikhlas
Authors: Jalil Muhamad
Published: August 2019

Stress is a very common condition. Where the heart will beat fast, the palms sweat, and the stomach flares up while under stress. This study aims to describe and analyze how the implementation of Quantum Ikhlas Technology for the development of emotional and spiritual intelligence (ESQ) to reduce stress. This research is a library research by studying the book Quantum Ikhlas by Erbe Sentanu. Data collection is carried out with documentation techniques. The results showed that: the increase in ESQ in the application of Quantum Ikhlas Technology using motivation methods, the story method accompanied by parables which contained lessons and advice, habituation methods, and visualization methods. ESQ enhancement through Quantum Ikhlas Technology is able to suppress one's stress because the goal praying training participants showed an increase in ESQ through electroencephalogram observation. Emotional intelligence is primarily able to control one's own emotions (lust) or takhalli, while spiritual intelligence in question tries to decorate oneself with praiseworthy qualities (tahalli), namely patience when having problems and gratitude for the gift of God.
Tasawuf dan Kesalehan Sosial (Keterpaduan Antara Nilai-Nilai Individu dan Sosial)
Authors: Amaliyah Efa Ida , Ulfiyati Nur Shofa
Published: August 2019

Sufism is believed to be a solution in social problems and is not a passive or apathetic attitude towards social phenomena. Sufism is very active in creating a spiritual moral revolution in society and has a major influence on social change. With the analytical method of description, this article emphasizes that through the tasawuf approach it is expected to be able to integrate individual and social values with moderate Islamic understanding, so that they can carry out da'wah that prioritizes the karimah (noble words), qaulan marufa (good words) and qaulan maisura (proper words), as has been mandated in the Qoran.
Rekonstruksi Rukun Islam sebagai Psikoterapi Umat
Authors: Novaili Novaili
Published: August 2019

This paper aims to introduce the efforts to reconstruct the pillars of Islam as a people's psychotherapy. The objectives of this paper are educators, and community leaders who have an interest in providing assistance in life coaching to all people and it is hoped that the community can face all the challenges of life that are being faced now, and in the future. The process of reconstructing the pillars of Islam as a people's psychotherapy. The contribution of this paper is to provide an alternative understanding to educators and community leaders on how to avoid feeling uneasy when faced with situations of various problems of life, so that they are still adhering to the values of monotheism. Psychotherapy through the reconstruction of harmony in Islam can be applied to all people in terms of stress management. Thus, people can avoid feeling anxious, anxious, and feel afraid to face all kinds of life challenges that will be lived.

 
Relevansi Tasawuf Sosial KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh
Authors: Asmani Jamal Ma’mur
Published: August 2019

This paper will explore the other side of the dimension of social Sufism Kiai Sahal. He was born into a family full of Sufism doctrine. He is one of the descendants of Sheikh Ahmad Mutamakkin, guardian of Allah who follows the teachings of the Tariqah. Sufism which is carried and practiced by Kiai Sahal is tasawuf which is oriented towards building society (social), not only individual and theocentric oriented. That is why Sufism Kiai Sahal is called social tasawuf. This research is based on literature study enriched with personal experience, observation and interviews with people who often interact with Kiai Sahal. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature to find the real thoughts and actions of Sufism-based Kiai Sahal.
Konsep Psikoterapi Sufistik Untuk Pembinaan Kesehatan Mental
Authors: Prafitri Dianing
Published: August 2019

Sufistic psychotherapy that is intended in writing this article is a treatment that nuanced Sufism with the aim to realize a healthy bermental human being. In this study primary sources consisted of literature that directly related to research variables, namely various data about sufistik psychotherapy and mental health. While the secondary sources, namely data related to this research one of them about psychotherapy. This research approach using psychological approach. The psychological approach used as the basis for this research is Sufistic psychotherapy. If faith gave birth to theology of science / kalam, Islam gave birth to the science of shari'ah, then Islam gave birth to the science of akhlaq or tasawuf. His theories are tested in the context of therapeutic psychology, workshops in individual development, individual experimentation by inducing altered state of consciousness eg by worship, meditation, hypnosis, etc., including dhikr. The results of this study, seen that can be used as a cure for mental illness, so as to nurture individuals to achieve mental health.

 
Pengembangan Nilai Karakter Sufistik Siswa Melalui Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Werdiningsih Wilis
Published: August 2019

This article aims to describe the development of character values in subjects of Islamic religious education and character in the 2013 curriculum. Character education is important for students considering that Indonesia is currently experiencing moral degradation. The enactment of the 2013 curriculum or kurtilas has a number of meanings. This study aims to examine the development of character values of junior high school students in PAI and Budi Pekerti subjects in the 2013 curriculum. The library research method is used through extracting information from various literatures related to character education, PAI curriculum structure and junior high school characteristics and character education values. found in PAI subjects and manners. The results show that there are character values in each basic competency (KD) in PAI subjects and character. The character values include religion, discipline, tolerance, responsibility, respect, self-control and peace of mind. Implementation can be done by better designing PAI learning and character by choosing the right approach and method.
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF NANO-EMULSION FORMULATED FROM GARLIC, GINGER AND CINNAMON EXTRACTS AGAINST Escherichia coli AND Salmonella typhi
Authors: Hernani Hernani , Dewandari Kun Tanti
Published: August 2019

Garlic, ginger and cinnamon had been reported for their antimicrobial activities, for instance against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The present study aimed to test antimicrobial activities of nanoemulsion of the mixture of garlic, ginger and cinnamon. The nanoemulsion was formulated from the mixture of garlic and ginger extracts and cinnamon essential oil at the ratio of 80:10:10 using a high pressure homogenizer at 300 bars for 5 cycles. The  nanoemulsion powder was prepared using a spray dryer with the inlet and outlet temperatures of 160–170 °C and 70–80 °C, respectively, and maltodextrin as a filler. The nanoemulsion was tested against E. coli and S. typhi. The particle size of nanoemulsion and powdered formulas were characterized using a scanning electron microscope. The LC50 values were identified based on the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. The results showed that quality of the raw materials confirmed the WHO requirements. The particle size of the emulsion ranged from 151 to 306 nm with the polydispersity index of 0.39–0.52. The 10% and 15% active compounds of the nanoemulsion inhibited E. coli and S. thypi with the LC50 values of 680.15–970.50 ppm and 607.17–903.31 ppm, respectively. The study suggests that the nanoemulsion of a mixture of garlic, ginger and cinnamon extracts could be developed as a food preservative.
GENETIC VARIABILITY OF INDONESIAN PAPAYA ACCESSIONS AS REVEALED BY RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Prihatini Riry , Budiyanti Tri , Noflindawati Noflindawati
Published: August 2019

Diverse papaya (Carica sp.) accessions are found in many regions in Indonesia, but their genetic diversity have not yet been studied. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a simple yet accurate method that can be used to examine the genetic diversity of papaya. The study aimed to examine the genetic diversity of Indonesian papaya accessions using RAPD markers and morphological characters. The RAPD was applied on 23 papaya accessions using 30 primers. The appearing bands were further analyzed with the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The molecular results were then compared to the fruit morphological data, including fruit shape, size, flesh color, texture, and flavor. The RAPD analysis revealed that the 23 papaya accessions clustered into six main clades with Dice-Sorensen coefficient similarity ranged from 0.71 to 0.98. The first group consisted of 11 accessions, including both the hybrids and local accessions. The second group consisted of eight accessions especially six Indonesian hybrids, a Mexican Hybrid and a Hawaiian hybrid. The other four groups had a single member namely Sicincin Panjang, Lokal Sumani, Cariso, and Carica. The molecular grouping, however, did not align with the fruit character grouping. Overall, it was implied that the Indonesian papaya accessions were genetically narrow, of which some accessions were closely related to Hawaiian and Mexican accessions. These results can be used as a reference on papaya crossbreeding program in Indonesia.
Autogenic Erosional Surfaces in Fluvio-deltaic Stratigraphy from Floods, Avulsions, and Backwater Hydrodynamics
Authors: Ganti Vamsi , Lamb Michael P. , Chadwick Austin J.
Published: August 2019

Erosional surfaces set the architecture of fluvio-deltaic stratigraphy, and they have classically been interpreted in terms of changes in boundary conditions such as climate, tectonics, and base level (allogenic forces). Intrinsic dynamics of sedimentary systems (autogenic dynamics) can also create a rich stratigraphic architecture, and a major knowledge gap exists in parsing the relative roles of autogenic versus allogenic processes. Emerging theoretical and experimental work suggests that backwater hydrodynamics play an important role in driving transient channel incision in river deltas, even those experiencing net aggradation. Here, we identify and quantify two autogenic mechanisms that produce broad erosional surfaces in fluvio-deltaic stratigraphy, namely, floods and avulsions. Using a simple mass-balance model for single-threaded delta channel systems, we show that flood-induced scours begin near the shoreline, and avulsion-induced scours begin at the avulsion site, and both propagate upstream over a distance that scales with the backwater length, bed slope, and bed grain size. We also develop scaling relationships for the maximum scour depths arising from these mechanisms, which are functions of characteristic flow depth and formative flood variability. We test our theoretical predictions using a flume experiment of river delta evolution governed by persistent backwater hydrodynamics under constant relative sea level. Results indicate that autogenic dynamics of backwater-mediated deltas under conditions of constant base level can result in stratigraphic surfaces and shoreline trajectories similar to those often interpreted to represent multiple sea-level cycles. Our work provides a quantitative framework to decouple autogenic and allogenic controls on erosional surfaces preserved in fluvio-deltaic stratigraphy.
PENDUDUK MUSLIM SEBAGAI POTENSI PASAR PERBANKAN SYARIAH (STUDI KOMPARASI KEKUATAN PASAR PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA)
Authors: Masykuroh Ely
Published: August 2019

Perkembangan perbankan syariah telah mengalami progres yang sangat berarti bukan hanya di negara-negara Islam saja, namun di negara-negara barat seperti Eropa, Australia dan Amerika, tak terkecuali Indonesia. Meskipun perkembangan perbankan syariah menggembirakan dan penelitian terkait perbankan syariah juga meningkat, namun hanya sedikit literatur akademik dan juga penelitian yang mencoba menjelaskan tentang implikasi ekonomi dari keberadan bank syariah yang dikatakan berbeda dengan bank konvensional. Jumlah populasi penduduk muslim yang besar di Indonesia seharusnya menjadi potensi kekuatan pasar bagi perbankan syariah, sehingga diasumsikan permintaan terhadap jasa perbankan syariah lebih tinggi dibanding pada bank konvensional ditambah lagi dengan adanya pelarangan riba dalam Islam, seharusnya berdampak pada pengambilan keputusan bertransaksi dengan pihak perbankan. Berdasarkan latar belakang yang sudah dijelaskan, maka penelitian ini mencoba mengukur dan membandingkan kekuatan pasar perbankan syariah dan konvensional di Indonesia dengan menggunakan sampel penelitian meliputi 9 bank dimasing masing kelompok sejak tahun 2011-2015 dengan menggunakan Lerner Index untuk mengukur kekuatan pasarnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap kekuatan pasar pada kedua bentuk perbankan baik syariah maupun konvensional meskipun secara rata rata kekuatan pasar bank konvensional ternyata lebih tinggi.
Formulasi Perjanjian Perkawinan Pasca Putusan MK No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015
Authors: Ngadimah Mambaul
Published: August 2019

Perjanjian Perkawinan merupakansuatu persetujuan yang dibuat oleh calon suami istri sebelum atau pada saat perkawinan dilangsungkan untuk mengatur akibat-akibat perkawinan terhadap harta kekayaan. Namun, makna perjanjian perkawinan semakin longgar dengan adanya putusan MK No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 pada tanggal 27 Oktober 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang Formulasi Perjanjian Perkawinan Pasca Putusan MK No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 ditinjau dari Hukum Islam dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian pustaka dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif analitik dan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data dari induktif ke deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1)Konsep perjanjian perkawinan dalam Hukum Islam merupakan perjanjian yang kuat (mitsaqan ghalidzan), sedangkan dalam UU di Indonesia, perjanjian perkawinan dapat berupa taklik talak dan perjanjian yang lainnya., (2)Eksistensi perjanjian perkawinan pasca putusan MK No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 merupakan langkah progresif, yaitu dalam rangka menjaga hak-hak asasi manusia dan hak-hak konstitusional warga negara.(3) Adanya formulasi hukum dalam perjanjian perkawinan pasca putusan MK sejalan dengan teori mashlahah mursalah karena merupakan upaya hukum untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman, dengan syarat dasar pembentukannya memenuhi tiga hal yaitu kemashlahatan bersifat umum, hakiki dan tidak bertentangan dengan nash syar’i ataupun perundang-undangan yang berlaku.
GEOGRAFIA DAS COLÔNIAS AGRÍCOLAS NO MÉDIO RIO AMAZONAS, MUNICÍPIO DE URUCARÁ-AM/ Geography of agricultural colonies in the middle Amazon river, municipality of Urucará-AM
Authors: Serrão Arenilton Monteiro , Cruz Manuel de Jesus Masulo da
Published: August 2019

Os sujeitos sociais tratados nessa pesquisa foram os camponeses historicamente constituídos nas várzeas do médio rio Amazonas, em especial nos municípios de Urucará, Parintins e Urucurituba. Nesse ecossistema, pela absorção de diferentes traços culturais, estabeleceram relações econômicas, sociais e territoriais, condição que prevaleceu até meados da década de 1950, quando grandes enchentes/cheias e indisponibilidade de terras forçaram a migração permanente para as áreas de terra firme nas décadas de 1960/70. Historicamente a base de sustentação socioeconômica desses municípios, em especial Urucará, foco da nossa pesquisa, esteve ligada a atividade camponesa e suas possíveis relações com a terra, floresta e água possibilitaram uma agricultura de subsistência, práticas extrativas e atividades pesqueiras, destacando o protagonismo da várzea na vida e nas relações estabelecidas. Sua integração mercantil possibilitou trocas de produtos e mercadorias e ao mesmo tempo, relações de exploração e subordinação do trabalho camponês, sistema rompido ou acentuado pelas novas conjunturas políticas, econômicas e sociais da década de 1960. Essa década é emblemática não apenas pela visibilidade que os movimentos sociais no campo adquiriram no Brasil, mas especialmente pela organização e fortalecimento do campesinato no médio rio Amazonas. A territorialização camponesa na terra firme se deu através de Comunidades Eclesiais de Bases e colônias agrícolas, fortalecendo suas lutas através da criação de entidades (associações, cooperativas, sindicatos, Escola Família Agrícola) e principalmente, de uma instituição que coordenasse e articulasse as ações juntamente aos setores estatais, engajado de forma ou de outra, despertar a consciência política e social desses sujeitos sociais.
NOTA EDITORIAL- DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO, Municípios do Amazonas: Parintins e o Baixo Amazonas
Authors: Bartoli Estevan , Silva Neto João Cândido André da
Published: August 2019

É com grande satisfação que publicamos o novo número da REVISTA GEONORTE, DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO - Municípios do Amazonas: Parintins e o Baixo Amazonas, V.10, N.35,2019.
O atual número da Revista Geonorte apresenta o primeiro Dossiê Temático, que tem como objetivo publicar resultados das pesquisas desenvolvidas nos municípios do estado do Amazonas.
A Simplified Gravity Drainage Oil Production Model for Mature Steamdrives
Authors: Closmann P. J.
Published: August 2019

A model has been formulated for estimating the oil production during the mature phase of a steam injection process. This model assumes that complete steam overlay has occurred and that subsequent drainage of oil is accelerated because of the viscosity reduction in the heated oil phase. The predicted oil production history usually shows a rate which declines linearly at early times, depending on the initial oil level in the reservoir, and gradually declines toward zero at long times. The model has been applied to various field cases from the SPE literature. In most cases the model predicts results which are relatively close, usually much better than an order of magnitude, to the available field observations. Adjustment of a parameter such as permeability to take into account specific field behavior is usually sufficient to obtain good agreement in the rate as a function of time for most of the field cases studied. Deviations may be expected from the predicted behavior in those cases where additional mechanisms besides gravity drainage are operative or where there is non-uniform heating of some of the wells in a given field.
Automatic Segmentation of Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Mingang , Wu Xiaofen , Ding Xie , Cao Xuexiang , Wang Lei , Zhang Jingyi , Wang Peijun
Published: August 2019

Background: Automatic and detailed segmentation of the prostate using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an essential role in prostate imaging diagnosis. However, the complexity of the prostate gland hampers accurate segmentation from other tissues. Thus, we propose the automatic prostate segmentation method SegDGAN, which is based on a classic generative adversarial network (GAN) model.

Methods: The proposed method comprises a fully convolutional generation network of densely connected blocks and a critic network with multi-scale feature extraction. In these computations, the objective function is optimized using mean absolute error and the Dice coefficient, leading to improved accuracy of segmentation results and correspondence with the ground truth. The common and similar medical image segmentation networks U-Net, fully convolution network, and SegAN were selected for qualitative and quantitative comparisons with SegDGAN using a 220-patient dataset and the publicly available dataset PROMISE12. The commonly used segmentation evaluation metrics Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), volumetric overlap error (VOE), average surface distance (ASD), and Hausdorff distance (HD) were also used to compare the accuracy of segmentation between these methods.

Results: SegDGAN achieved the highest DSC value of 91.66%, the lowest VOE value of 23.47% and the lowest ASD values of 0.46 mm with the clinical dataset. In addition, the highest DCS value of 88.69%, the lowest VOE value of 23.47%, the lowest ASD value of 0.83 mm, and the lowest HD value of 11.40 mm was achieved with the PROMISE12 dataset.

Conclusions: Our experimental results show that the SegDGAN model outperforms other segmentation methods

Keywords: Automatic segmentation, Generative adversarial networks, Magnetic resonance imaging, Prostate
Genetic Regulatory Networks for Salt-Alkali Stress in Gossypium hirsutum With Differing Morphological Characteristics
Authors: Xu Yanchao , Magwanga Richard , Yang Xiu , Jin Dingsha , Cai Xiaoyan , Hou Yuqing , Wei Yangyang , Zhou Zhongli , Wang Kunbo , Liu Fang
Published: August 2019

Background Cotton grows in altering environments that are often unfavorable or stressful for its growth and development. Consequently, the plant must cope with abiotic stresses such as soil salinity, drought, and excessive temperatures. Alkali-salt stress response remains a cumbersome biological process and is regulated via a multifaceted transcriptional regulatory network in cotton Results To discover the molecular mechanisms of alkali-salt stress response in cotton, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis was carried out after alkali-salt stress treatment in three accessions of Gossypium hirsutum with contrasting phenotype. Expression level analysis proved that alkali-salt stress response presented significant stage-specific and tissue-specific. GO enrichment analysis typically suggested that signal transduction process involved in salt-alkali stress response at SS3 and SS12 stages in leaf; carbohydrate metabolic process and oxidation-reduction process involved in SS48 stages in leaf; the oxidation-reduction process involved at all three phases in the root. The Co-expression analysis suggested a potential GhSOS3/GhCBL10-SOS2 network was involved in salt-alkali stress response. Furthermore, Salt-alkali sensitivity was increased in GhSOS3 and GhCBL10 Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) plants. Conclusion The findings may facilitate to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of alkali-salt stress response and provide an available resource to scrutinize the role of candidate genes and signaling pathway governing alkali-salt stress response
A systematic review of parent based programs to prevent or reduce alcohol consumption in adolescents
Authors: Hurley Erin , Dietrich Timo , Rundle-Thiele Sharyn
Published: August 2019

Background. Adolescent alcohol consumption is an issue of ongoing concern and programs targeting parents have been identified as an important component in minimizing and preventing alcohol related harm in adolescents. This paper aims to evaluate existing parent based alcohol education programs with a focus on understanding parent specific outcomes; the level of theory application and the extent of stakeholder involvement in program design.
Method. A total of seven databases were searched to identify relevant studies published between January 2000 and November 2018. Studies were included if they evaluated school based alcohol education programs that included a parent component and detailed outcome measures associated with parent data.
Results. In total 15 studies qualified for assessment, detailing 11 individual parent programs. Of these, nine programs demonstrated positive effects in at least one parent reported outcome measure. Stakeholder engagement during the design of programs was lacking with the majority of programs. One third of the programs did not report theory use and when theory was used reporting was weak with one program informed by theory, two programs applying theory and four testing theory.
Conclusion. Future studies are recommended to further enhance the effectiveness of parental programs. Given stakeholder involvement can increase levels of engagement, increasing levels of stakeholder involvement in the design of parental programs is recommended to extend parental participation in programs developed. Inclusion of theory in program design and evaluation will further extend understanding of the mechanisms leading to change.
Purification of the recombinant green fluorescent protein from tobacco plants using alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system
Authors: Dong Jie , Ding Xiangzhen , Wang Sheng
Published: August 2019

Background The green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been regarded as a valuable tool and widely applied as a biomarker in medical applications and diagnostics. A cost-efficient upstream expression system and an inexpensive downstream purification process will meet the demands of the GFP protein with high-purity. Results The recombinant GFP was transiently expressed in an active form in agoinoculated N. benthamiana leaves by using Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA-based overexpression vector (TRBO). The yield of recombinant GFP was up to ~60% of total soluble proteins (TSPs). Purification of recombinant GFP from the clarified lysate of N. benthaniana leaves was achieved by using an alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and following with a further hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). The purification process takes only ~4 h and can recover 34.1% of the protein. The purity of purified GFP was more than 95% and there were no any changes in its spectroscopic characteristics. Conclusions The strategy described here combines the advantages of both the economy and efficiency of plant virus-based expression platform and the simplicity and rapidity of environmentally friendly alcohol/salt ATPS. It has a considerable potential for the development of a cost-efficient alternative for production of recombinant GFP.
Acute changes in the colonic microbiota are associated with large intestinal forms of surgical colic.
Authors: Salem Shebl Ebrahim , Maddox Thomas W , Antczak Philipp , Ketley Julian M , Williams Nicola J , Archer Debra C
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
Horses that undergo surgery for treatment of primary large colon disease have been reported to be at increased risk of developing recurrent colic episodes postoperatively. The reasons for this are currently unknown. The aim of the current study was to characterise the faecal microbiota of horses with colic signs associated with primary large colon lesions treated surgically and to compare the composition of their faecal microbiota to that of a control group of horses undergoing emergency orthopaedic treatment. Faecal samples were collected from horses in both groups on admission to hospital, during hospitalisation and following discharge from hospital for a total duration of 12 weeks. Additionally, colonic content samples were collected from surgical colic patients if pelvic flexure enterotomy was performed during laparotomy. A total of 12 samples were collected per horse. DNA was extracted from samples using a commercial kit. Amplicon mixtures were created by PCR amplification of the V1 – V2 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes and submitted for sequencing using the Ion Torrent PGM next-generation sequencing system. Multivariate data analysis was used to characterise the faecal microbiota and to investigate differences between groups.
Results
Reduced species richness was evident in the colonic samples of the colic group compared to concurrent sampling of the faeces. Alpha and beta diversity differed significantly between the two sets of samples with 304 significantly differentially abundant OTUs identified. Only 46 OTUs varied significantly between the colic and control group. There were no significant differences in alpha and beta diversity of faecal microbiota between colic and control horses at admission.
Conclusions
The results of the current study suggest that faecal samples collected at hospital admission in colic cases may not accurately represent changes in upper gut microbiota in horses with colic due to large colon disease.
The Role of F11R in Pancreatic Cancer Malignancy and Its Clinical Implication as a Therapeutic Target
Authors: zhang Haidi , Zhao Chunyan , Hu Xianhua , He Shuai , Yu Jinchuan , Zhu Huiling , Mu Bo
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
The F11 receptor belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed in epithelial and endothelial cells. F11R mediates the formation of tight junctions between the epithelium and endothelium, and participates in the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. We have previously shown that the F11R gene is closely related to KRas (P= 0.76), a known therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer (PCa). In recent years, it has been found that F11R is expressed in different tumors and has biological effects.However, according to different tumor cases, different cell lines and experimental conditions, the regulatory results and mechanisms of F11R on tumor are different, even contradictory,and the expression, clinical significance and biological mechanism of F11R in tumor tissues have not been reported in detail.
Results
To investigate the role of F11R in carcinogenesis of PCa and the potential of F11R as a therapies target for PCa, we silenced F11R (-/-) in the PCa cell line PANC-1 (known to express high levels of KRas) using lentiviral approaches.We found that F11R silencing led to decreased cell proliferation, a loss of cell invasiveness, reduced colony forming ability, cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, cells apoptosis enhanced, and ros enhanced. In vitro data showed that inhibition of F11R decreased proliferation and invasiveness of cancer cells.The present results suggest that F11R may be a promising therapeutic target for PCa.
Conclusions
This study used bioinformatics combined with gene chip data to find the gene F11R, which is closely related to KRAS gene, and we used lentivirus to package shRNA plasmid to interfere with the gene F11R in pancreatic cancer panc-1 cells. A series of biobehavioral studies indicated the biobehavioral function and malignancy of panc-1 in pancreatic cancer cells with negative regulation of F11R gene.Based on this, we need to continue to clarify the expression of F11R gene in clinical case samples to determine whether F11R gene can be a new therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
Screening and Identification of LncRNAs Related to Villus Growth of Liaoning Cashmere Goats and Their Effects on Growth after FGF5 Treatment
Authors: Jin Mei , Zhao Qin Feng , Ni Ping , Piao Jun , Piao Ai Jing
Published: August 2019

Abstract : (Background)Liaoning cashmere goat cashmere has high economic value FGF5 is an important factor regulating its growth. The role of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) in the mammalian villus growth cycle has still not been studied in detail.(Results)This study investigated how LncRNA mediates the effects of FGF5 on the growth of Liaoning cashmere goats. We screened for LncRNA related to hair follicle development and villus growth by RNA-seq sequencing. GO and pathway analysis determined that the optimal treatment conditions for FGF5 drugs are 10 -4 g/L for 72h (F4_72h). The expression levels of CBS, CTH, keratin gene K26, KAP11.1 were studied when overexpressing and interfering with LncRNA. (Conclusions)To our knowledge, this is the first study on how LncRNA regulates villi growth by regulating target genes and keratin genes in the amino acid metabolic pathway; it is also the first to open a new research direction for studying the mechanism of FGF5 in regulating hair follicle development and villus growth.
Base-pair Ambiguity and the Kinetics of RNA Folding
Authors: Zhou Guangyao , Loper Jackson , Geman Stuart
Published: August 2019

Background : A folding RNA molecule encounters multiple opportunities to form non-native yet energetically favorable pairings of nucleotide sequences. Given this forbidding free-energy landscape, mechanisms have evolved that contribute to a directed and efficient folding process, including catalytic proteins and error-detecting chaperones. Among structural RNA molecules we make a distinction between "bound" molecules, which are active as part of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, and "unbound," with physiological functions performed without necessarily being bound in RNP complexes. We hypothesized that unbound molecules, lacking the partnering structure of a protein, would be more vulnerable than bound molecules to kinetic traps that compete with native stem structures. We defined an "ambiguity index"---a normalized function of the primary and secondary structure of an individual molecule that measures the number of kinetic traps available to nucleotide sequences that are paired in the native structure, presuming that unbound molecules would have lower indexes. The ambiguity index depends on the purported secondary structure, and was computed under both the comparative ("gold standard") and an equilibrium-based prediction which approximates the minimum free energy (MFE) structure. Arguing that kinetically accessible metastable structures might be more biologically relevant than thermodynamic equilibrium structures, we also hypothesized that MFE-derived ambiguities would be less effective in separating bound and unbound molecules.
Results : We have introduced an intuitive and easily computed function of primary and secondary structures that measures the availability of complementary sequences that could disrupt the formation of native stems on a given molecule---an ambiguity index. Using comparative secondary structures, the ambiguity index is systematically smaller among unbound than bound molecules, as expected. Furthermore, the effect is lost when the presumably more accurate comparative structure is replaced instead by the MFE structure.
Conclusions : A statistical analysis of the relationship between the primary and secondary structures of non-coding RNA molecules suggests that stem-disrupting kinetic traps are substantially less prevalent in molecules not participating in RNP complexes. In that this distinction is apparent under the comparative but not the MFE secondary structure, the results highlight a possible deficiency in structure predictions when based upon assumptions of thermodynamic equilibrium.
Identification of Dissociation Factors in Pancreatic Cancer using a Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Approach
Authors: Liu Peng , Kong Lingming , Liang Keke , Wu Yunhao , Jin Haoyi , Song Bing , Tan Xiaodong
Published: August 2019

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor of the digestive system. This secretome of pancreatic cancer is key to its progression and metastasis. In this study, different protein pretreatment methods were used to analyze the secretome, furthermore to identify dissociation factors in pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer cells were cultured in serum-containing or serum-free medium, and the corresponding supernatants were extracted as samples. Subsequently, the above samples were separated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and peptide segments were identified by LC-MS/MS. The final results were identified via the hamster secreted protein database and a public database. Although the number of identified proteins in the serum-free medium group was high, the real secretion of proteins in pancreatic cancer cells was changed. There were six significant secreted proteins in the serum-containing medium group. Survival analysis via the TCGA database suggested that patients with higher expression levels of YWHAG showed a worse overall survival rate than those with lower YWHAG expression. YWHAG could be used as a prognostic indicator for pancreatic cancer. Finally, the results in the serum-containing medium group were more similar to the real secretome of pancreatic cancer cells, and the results might be used to identify biomarkers in liquid biopsy.
Non-polio enteroviruses among healthy children aged zero to five (0-5) years old in the Philippines
Authors: Jiao Maria Melissa Ann , Apostol Lea Necitas Necitas , de Quiroz-Castro Maricel , Jee Youngmee , Roque Vito , Mapue Manuel , Navarro Frances Marsha , Tabada Cleo Fe , Tandoc Amado III
Published: August 2019

Background One of the indicators of a properly functioning Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance is the proportion of stool samples in which non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) are detected. Typically, this proportion is expected to be above 10% in tropical countries, however, the Philippines only averages 6.5% NPEV isolation rate. With continued threat of possible importation of wild poliovirus, the current NPEV rate prompted concerns about the quality of the AFP surveillance, in particular, stool sample management and transportation being performed in the field. To know whether the low NPEV rates gathered from AFP cases is a reflection of the true prevalence in the Philippines, a stool survey of healthy children 0-5 years old from three urban communities was conducted in 2015.Methods Two stool samples were collected from three hundred sixty healthy children. Virus isolation and Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed to identify enteroviruses in the samples. The results were compared to the prevalence and isolation rate among AFP cases the same year.Results Results show a prevalence of 24.7% which is higher than 12.4% prevalence rate among AFP cases the similar year. However, analysis of AFP cases between 0-5 years old showed prevalence of 20.8% (p-value 0.33) which is not significantly different when compared to the study.Conclusion This study supports the idea that the observed low NPEV rate in the country may be due to low number of NPEV prevalence. However, further investigations on all possible data sources for NPEV such as among hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and aseptic meningitis cases, may be necessary to fully understand the occurrence of NPEVs in the country.
The epidemiology and population-based incidence of influenza in two communities, Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia, 2008-2011
Authors: Agustian Dwi , Mutyara Kuswandewi , Murad Chrysanti , Uyeki Timothy M. , Kartasasmita Cissy B. , Simoes Eric A.F.
Published: August 2019

Background: Influenza surveillance is important for monitoring influenza virus circulation and disease burden to inform influenza prevention and control measures. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology and estimate the incidence of influenza in two small communities in West Java, Indonesia, before and after the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
Methods: A population-based surveillance study in the community health care setting was conducted to estimate the annual incidence of influenza. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was used for influenza case ascertainment.
Results: The mean annual incidence of influenza A and B, adjusted for health care utilization, was 1.6 (95% CI 1.3-2.0) and 0.7 (95% CI: 0.5-1.0) per 1,000 persons, respectively, with the most affected group being young and school-age children.
Conclusions: Young and school-age children populations are potential targets for influenza vaccination in Indonesia.
High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration and acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery
Authors: Zhou Yan , Yang Hong-Yun , Zhang Hui-Li , Zhu Xiao-Jin
Published: August 2019

Background: Abnormal High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration is closely related to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgeries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration and acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgeries. Method: This was a single-center cohort study for elective non-cardiac non-kidney surgery from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017. The endpoint was the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) 30 days postoperatively in hospital. Preoperative serum High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration was examined by multivariate logistic regression models before and after propensity score weighting analysis. Results: Of the 74284 surgeries, 4.2% (3159 cases) suffered acute kidney injury. Preoperative serum HDL was associated with postoperative AKI, with odds ratio (0.96-1.14 as reference, <0.96, 1.14-1.35, >1.35 mmol/L, Quartile) 1.27 (1.15~1.39), P <.001; 0.90 (0.80~1.01), P= .086; 0.75 (0.65~0.85), P <.001, respectively. Preoperative serum HDL <1.03 mmol/L was associated with increased risk of postoperative AKI, with odds ratio 1.32 (1.21~1.46), P<0.001 before propensity score weighting, and 1.32 (1.18~1.48), P<0.001 after propensity score weighting. Sensitivity analysis with other cut values of HDL showed similar results. Conclusions: Postoperative acute kidney injury occurred in 4.2 % of patients undergoing elective non-cardiac non-kidney surgery. This study found that low HDL cholesterol levels were independent risk factors for AKI after non-cardiac surgery.