bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF RHIZOBIA AND NANOPARTICLES ON THE ANATOMICAL GROWTH OF ROOT NODULES OF TWO BEAN PLANT VARIETIES PHASEOLUS VULGARIES L
Authors: HUSSEIN Haifaa Abaas , HADISAADOON Saadoon Abdul
Published: June 2021

An experiment was conducted during the spring season of 2018-2019 in the experimental fields of the Faculty of Agriculture / University of Al-Qadisiyah, aiming to study the response of two varieties of the Phaseolus Vulgaris L to the bio-fertilization of RizobiumPhaseolisp with two elements (iron and molybdenum) and their interactions on growth and formation root nodules of plant , as well as some of the anatomical features of theit. The experiment was designed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications in a regulation of three factors (2 × 4 × 2) including bio-fertilizer (inoculated and non-inoculated), nanoscale elements (80 iron, 10 molybdenum, 80 iron + 10 molybdenum). mg. L-1 and (Pole and Bush) varieties. Differences between means were determined by using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 0.01 level of confidence. The seeds were treated with bio-fertilizer before planting, the addition of nanoscale elements was carried out after a month of cultivation through soil application method. Measurements were taken at the end of the growing season, that is, at the harvest stage. The result showed that inoculation with rhizobia and nanoparticles had asignificant effect in increasing the number of root nodules and the activity of nitrogenase enzyme, Regarding the anatomical characteristics of the root nodules ,the use of bio-fertilizer and the addition of nano-elements led to asignificant increase in the size of the root nodules (diameter of it),while it negatively affected the thickness of the epidermal and cortical layers.
STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF (CDO)1-X (V2O5)X PREPARED BY PULSE LASER DEPOSITION TECHNIQUE FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS
Authors: ALI Asmaa Natiq Mohammed , ABBAS Lamia K , TAHER Ihab Abbas
Published: June 2021

In this work ,pure and doped(CdO)thin films with different concentration of V2O5x (0.0, 0.05, 0.1 ) wt.% have been prepared on glass substrate at room temperature using Pulse Laser Deposition technique(PLD).The focused Nd:YAG laser beam at 800 mJ with a frequency second radiation at 1064 nm (pulse width 9 ns) repetition frequency (6 Hz), for 500 laser pulses incident on the target surface At first ,The pellets of (CdO)1-x(V2O5)x at different V2O5 contents were sintered to a temperature of 773K for one hours.Then films of (CdO)1-x(V2O5)x have been prepared.The structure of the thin films was examined by using (XRD) analysis..Hall effect has been measured in orded to know the type of conductivity, Finally the solar cell and the efficiency of the CdO:V2O5 cells have been studied.
STUDY THE FEASIBILITY OF USING SOLAR ENERGY AND RATIONALIZING THE USE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY TO REDUCE THE SHORTAGE IN ENERGY SUPPLY IN IRAQ
Authors: OLEIWI Fadhil Mahmood , ALMOHANA Abothur G
Published: June 2021

The increase of energy consumption of fossil fuel as a result of the increase in the population of Iraq, the development of urban lifestyle, the increase in the number of vehicles as well as the increase of power generators has led to dangerous environmental risks, air, water and soil pollution, the spread of cancers and sensitivity diseases besides the reduction of the Iraqi exports of raw oil as a result of domestic consumption. Therefore; searching for solutions to restricting or surmounting these effects such as finding clean renewable sources of power have become inevitable. Among those renewable sources which are environmentally friendly and of middle cost is the solar power that includes solar heater and solar cells boards. Using 100.000 solar heaters saves (324.800 Megawatt hour) within one year, while using 100.000 solar cells system with an energy of (1000 watt) saves (438.000 Megawatt hour) within one year. Other means of reducing the effects of using fossil fuel is spreading the culture of power rationing and avoiding the waste and excessive consumption through cooperation with educational institutions by setting special programs such as courses, symposiums, posters and setting out a day for power consumption rationing. Turning off 10% of sets operation time in 1.000.000 house would save more than (2.076.120 megawatt hour) per annum.
Frontal brain cavernoma in a 14-year-old boy: differential diagnosis of secondary headache
Authors: Nogueira Eduardo de Almeida Guimarães , Queiroz Marcos Vinicius de , Saccab Philipe Rachas , Zanatelli Marcelo Motta
Published: June 2021

Cavernoma consists of a rare type of vascular anomaly that can present with different neurological manifestations. This article reports a case of cavernoma in a 14-year-old boy, whose first symptom was headache
Rhinosinusitis as a cause of headache
Authors: Swerts Diego Belandrino
Published: June 2021

Commentary
Preoperative Anemia is Associated with Increased Intraoperative Mortality in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Al-Riyami Arwa Z. , Baskaran Balan , Panchatcharam Sathiya M. , Al-Sabti Hilal
Published: June 2021

Objectives: We sought to investigate the incidence of preoperative anemia in cardiac surgery and its association with outcomes. Methods: A retrospective review of clinical, laboratory, and transfusion data for all patients who underwent cardiac surgery at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital between 2008 and 2014 was performed. Patients were divided into two groups, anemic and non-anemic, with anemia defined as hemoglobin levels < 13 g/dL (males) and < 12 g/dL (females). Clinical variables were compared using chi-square and independent t-test. Factors influencing preoperative mortality were analyzed using multivariate binary logistics regression. Results: A total of 599 patients (69.9% males and 30.1% females) were included in the study; 69.3% underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Preoperative anemia was found in 76.1% of females and 26.7% of male patients. Rates of intraoperative red blood cell transfusions were higher among anemic patients (75.9% vs. 52.3%, p < 0.001). Anemic patients had a worse risk profile with higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (53.8% vs. 38.9%, p < 0.001), congestive heart failure (51.4% vs. 28.3%, p < 0.001), arrhythmia (16.5% vs. 8.6%, p =0.004), and cerebrovascular disease (10.0% vs. 4.9%, p =0.015). In addition, they had a higher risk of overall mortality (6.4% vs. 2.6%, p =0.023). Preoperative anemia remained a risk factor for intraoperative mortality after logistic regression (odds ratio = 4.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.43–11.66; p= 0.009). Conclusions: Preoperative anemia in cardiac surgery is independently associated with increased intraoperative mortality and early readmission rates post-surgery.
A necropolítica esportiva do governo Bolsonaro (2019-2020)
Authors: Matias Wagner Barbosa
Published: June 2021

O estudo investiga as características da política econômica, social e, sobretudo, esportiva nos dois primeiros anos do governo Bolsonaro. Para tanto foi desenvolvido debate teórico e estudo documental, com análise da legislação esportiva e do montante e a destinação dos recursos do governo federal para o esporte. Observou-se que não houve novos ordenamentos com impacto significativo para o campo esportivo. Quanto ao orçamento, percebeu-se uma queda do montante nestes dois anos em relação aos governos anteriores e a priorização do esporte de alto rendimento.
Evidence for the Effectiveness of Interventions for Caregivers of People With Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rouch Stephanie A. , Fields Beth E. , Alibrahim Hussain A. , Rodakowski Juleen , Leland Natalie E.
Published: June 2021

Importance: Caregivers are pivotal in supporting the growing population of people with chronic conditions. Yet, engaging in the caregiver role involves the risk of poor outcomes. Caregiver interventions are needed that address poor outcomes while fostering engagement in role-related activities.

Objective: To evaluate the evidence for interventions to support caregivers of adults with chronic conditions.

Data Sources: Five databases were searched for studies of interventions for caregivers and patient–caregiver dyads published between 1995 and 2019.

Study Selection and Data Collection: We reviewed the titles, abstracts, and full-text articles of the initial search results (N = 12,216 studies) according to a predetermined protocol.

Findings: Forty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Psychoeducation and education with skills training were the two caregiver intervention themes. Studies evaluating psychoeducation (n = 28) provided low strength of evidence for improved psychosocial outcomes. Within this theme, problem-solving and coping skills training were common intervention components associated with significant improvements in depression and quality of life. Studies evaluating education with skills training (n = 20) provided moderate strength of evidence for improved knowledge and low strength of evidence for improved psychosocial outcomes. Dyadic self-management education and hands-on training were common components associated with significant improvements in knowledge, quality of life, and burden or strain.

Conclusions and Relevance: We found low strength of evidence to support the use of psychoeducation and education with skills training. Within these approaches, problem-solving and coping skills training, dyadic self-management education, and hands-on training show promise for improving caregiver outcomes.

What This Article Adds: Findings of this systematic review are inconclusive with respect to psychoeducation and education with skills training leading to improved caregiver well-being. Within these broad approaches, the findings support the use of problem-solving and coping skills training, dyadic self-management education, and hands-on training to improve knowledge and well-being among caregivers of people with chronic conditions.
Supporting Occupational Justice for Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming People Through Narrative-Informed Theater: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Wasmuth Sally , Leonhardt Bethany , Pritchard Kevin , Li Chih-Ying , DeRolf Annie , Mahaffey Lisa
Published: June 2021

Importance: Societal stigma gravely impedes occupational justice for transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) people, producing vast health disparities for this population.

Objective: To test the feasibility of an intervention to reduce stigma and improve the well-being of TGNC people.

Design: A parallel, mixed-methods design was used to test feasibility in the areas of acceptability, demand, and limited efficacy.

Setting: Community.

Participants: Forty-two audience members and 5 TGNC interviewees.

Intervention: Virtual, narrative-informed play reading and moderated discussion about gender diversity and affirmative care.

Outcomes and Measures: The valid and reliable Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–Stigma was used to assess stigma beliefs. An open-ended, qualitative question assessed TGNC interviewees’ experiences.

Results: Recruitment and participant responses to the intervention indicated feasibility in the areas of acceptability, demand, and limited efficacy. However, future efforts at obtaining a diverse TGNC sample are needed.

Conclusions and Relevance: The intervention decreased stigma beliefs in audience members and offered a positive experience for TGNC participants. Feasibility outcomes warrant future efficacy testing.

What This Article Adds: This article adds an innovative intervention for promoting occupational justice to support the health and well-being of TGNC people. The community-based intervention facilitates change in societal attitudes and stigmatizing beliefs.
Recognizing Inequity: A Critical Step of Health Literacy for People With Disability
Authors: VanPuymbrouck Laura , Carey Jocelynn , Draper Abby , Follansbee Lauren
Published: June 2021

Importance: Receiving accommodations may require a person with physical disability (PWPD) to recognize and address disparate care when it occurs.

Objective: To explore whether PWPDs recognize disparate health care and how their experiences contribute to the development of strategies to access care.

Design: In this qualitative study, we used grounded theory methods to explore perceptions of PWPDs regarding access to health care. Ten PWPDs participated in three semistructured focus group interviews. The analysis used multiple phases of analysis and methods to ensure rigor.

Setting: Focus groups were held at an urban university campus.

Participants: Four male and six female English speakers who identified as a PWPD in need of a mobility aid and who attended a primary health care visit in the past year.

Results: Seven thematic categories emerged, representing a continuum of stages for recognizing health care as disparate and strategies to receiving equitable health care for PWPDs: (1) unrecognized experiences of normalization of disability discrimination (NODD), with a subtheme of medicalization; (2) knowing what you need; (3) noticing differences; (4) emerging understanding; (5) learning to take personal action; (6) NODD is systemic; and (7) taking control.

Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this study can be used on micro, meso, and macro levels to work toward equitable health care access and outcomes for clients.

What This Article Adds: Occupational therapy practitioners can use these findings to understand the health literacy demands of PWPDs in efforts to access equitable health care and, when necessary, educate clients on their potential need for accommodation, rights to care, and development of strategies for requesting accommodations.
Strength training promotes anthropometric and functional benefits in sedentary subjects: does a personal trainer matter?
Authors: Rodrigues Matos Aline , Siqueira Ribeiro Heitor , De Luca Corrêa Hugo , Pimentel Ferreira Aparecido , Vieira Elaine
Published: June 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of strength training performed with and without the supervision of a personal trainer on the anthropometric, functional, and biochemical responses of sedentary adults.

Methods

Overall, 38 sedentary men were divided into 3 groups: control group (n = 12), no personal trainer group (n = 14), and personal trainer group (n = 12). Participants of all groups were submitted to pre-training data collection, including anthropometric evaluation, functional and cardiometabolic tests, and blood collection for biochemical parameters. Then,
the subjects were involved in strength training of 50 minutes 3 times per week for 8 weeks. After the strength training program, the participants were submitted to the same data collection.

Results

The personal trainer group presented a decrease in waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, sum of skinfolds, abdominal resistance, pectoral resistance, one-repetition maximum on bench and leg press compared with the no personal trainer group (p < 0.05). The no personal trainer group had an improvement only in the sum of skinfolds (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results of the present study indicate that 8 weeks of strength training with a personal trainer can produce important changes in body composition and blood pressure in sedentary subjects.
The effect of different tournament stages on the movement dynamics of futsal players while in ball possession
Authors: Ismadi Ismail Shariman , Nunome Hiroyuki
Published: June 2021

Purpose

This study aimed to classify typical futsal movement patterns while in ball possession and clarify the effect of tournament stages on these movement profiles.

Methods

A total of 5647 movements in possession of a ball during 8 international futsal matches were analysed. These matches consisted of 4 group stages, and there were 4 knockout stage matches (2 semi-finals, a third-place play-off, and the final). On the basis of the observation of 2 experienced analysts, 8 translational and rotational movement indicators were established: forward translation, backward translation, sideway translation, and slow rotation (defined as the low traction demand movement), and side-cut, u-cut, fast rotation, and sudden stop (defined as the high traction demand movement).

Results

The overall results highlighted that 82.48% of the analysed movements were translational movements [top-three highest movements proportion: (1) forward translation: 26.52%, (2) side-cut: 15.76%, and (3) sideway translation: 14.36%]. Furthermore, there was a significantly higher frequency of translational movements among players during knockout stage matches (p = 0.03), suggesting that these translational movements form the foundation aspects in maintaining ball possession. Also, a significantly higher occurrence was observed for 2 high traction demand movements [u-cut (p = 0.02) and fast rotation (p < 0.0001)] during knockout stage matches compared with group stage matches.

Conclusions

High traction demand translational movements related to changes of direction were significantly influenced by the stages of the tournament in highly competitive futsal matches.
The effectiveness of the McKenzie method in treating lumbar discopathy
Authors: Hawrylak Arletta , Demidaś Aneta , Chromik Krystyna , Hawrylak Adam
Published: June 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-week physiotherapy treatment augmented with the McKenzie method in patients with lumbar discopathy. The influence of this treatment on progression in the mobility range of lumbar spine was investigated.

Methods

Sixty patients aged 40–59 years diagnosed with lumbar discopathy were equally divided into group A (mean age: 51.4 years) and group B (mean age: 51.8 years). The McKenzie method was applied in group A and conservative physiotherapeutic treatment was administered to group B. Pre- and post-intervention measures of spinal range of motion were assessed with a Saunders digital inclinometer; pain intensity and nerve root irritation were also collected. The results were compared between groups.

Results

Spinal mobility improved and pain was reduced in both groups albeit enhanced treatment outcomes were observed in group A compared with group B (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

The improved response in group A attests to the applicability of the McKenzie method in the treatment of lumbar discopathy. Post-treatment values did not meet clinical norms and may be a result of group characteristics at baseline (high pain level and impeded spinal mobility) or the limited intervention duration.
PATOLOGIAS OFTALMOLÓGICAS CAUSADAS POR AFECÇÕES MICROBIANAS IMPLICAM EM TRANSPLANTES
Authors: Santos André Luiz Dos
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A presente pesquisa trata de destacar as principais infecções provocadas por vírus, bactérias ou fungos que causam doenças no globo ocular ou tecidos circunvizinhos podem levar a cegueira necessitando de tratamentos agressivos e muitos casos de procedimento de transplantes de córneas. Objetivo: Caracterizar infecções provocadas por microorganismos que causam patologias oculares que levam a necessidade de transplantes. Material e métodos: através de leitura criteriosa foram selecionados alguns artigos científicos na plataforma scielo que se destacaram por tratarem de afecções oftalmológicas microbianas capazes de levar a cegueira. Resultados: Verifica-se que não são poucas, nem são raras as patologias relacionadas ao globo ocular que podem levar a cegueira, seja pela impossibilidade de detecção da infecção, seja pelo tratamento necessariamente agressivo ou pela evolução da doença. Algumas doenças, organizadas por ordem alfabética são: a) Blefarite bacteriana: x; b) Ceratite Acanthamoeba: provocado por um protozoário do gênero Acanthamoeba, pode levar a úlceras da córnea e eventual perda de visão; c) Ceratite fúngica: A maioria dos casos de ceratite fúngica, em todo o mundo, é causada por fungos filamentosos septados não pigmentados. Muitos casos podem progredir para infecção fulminante e alguns pacientes perdem a sua visão por culpa do necessário tratamento agressivo; d) Ceratite herpética: Os vírus herpes simples é o vírus causador. A doença corneana decorrente dessa infecção apresenta múltiplas manifestações; e) Conjuntivites: patologias inflamatórias que afetam o tecido conjuntivo que protege o globo ocular do meio externo, observando-se dilatação vascular, infiltração celular e exsudação. As conjuntivites têm origens virais ou bacterianas; f) Endoftalmite: apresenta infecção grave intraocular, afetando humor aquoso, humor vítreo, ou ambos, e ameaça severamente a visão. A Candida albicans é o agente etiológico mais comum; g) Tracoma: infecção causada pela bactéria Chlamydia trachomatis, uma das maiores causas de cegueira infecciosa evitável do mundo. Conclusão: As patologias oftalmológicas provocadas por microorganismos, quando não devidamente tratadas, levam a perda de visão.
TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA E ALTERAÇÃO DA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL Autores Julia Berzoini Albuquerque
Authors: Albuquerque Julia Berzoini , Martins Débora Rodrigues , Martins Otávio Cosendey , Gomes Vívian Maria De Oliveira , Borges Francis Moreira
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento caracterizado por padrões repetitivos de comportamento e déficits na comunicação e interação social presentes desde a infância. Sua etiologia permanece inconclusiva, mas há indícios de influência genética e de fatores ambientais. Nesse contexto, o eixo microbiota-intestino-cérebro apresenta papel importante, pois sintomas gastrintestinais ocorrem em cerca de 40-60% dos pacientes com TEA e alterações na microbiota podem prejudicar o desenvolvimento. Objetivos: Analisar a relação entre a disbiose intestinal e o Transtorno do Espectro Austista. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa através de busca eletrônica de artigos publicados entre 2017 e 2021, nas bases de dados PubMed e SciElo, sendo os descritores e operadores boleanos “Dysbiosis AND Autism Spectrum Disorder” e “Microbiota AND Autism Spectrum Disorder”. Foram contabilizados 359 artigos, e após triagem dos títulos e resumos, 10 trabalhos foram selecionados. Resultados: Observou-se, quanto às bactérias, aumento da razão Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, com significativa redução de Bacteroidetes e elevação nos níveis dos gêneros Collinsella e Desulfovibrio. Em relação aos fungos, a proporção de leveduras do gênero Candida em crianças com TEA é duas vezes maior que nas crianças com desenvolvimento típico e anticorpos anti- Candida albicans foram mais encontrados no plasma de crianças com TEA (36,5%) do que no do grupo controle (14,3%). Para as amostras fecais, constatou-se: maior presença de Lactobacillus spp. (68,8%) no grupo controle em relação ao grupo com TEA (27,7%); presença de leucócitos (14,9%) e leveduras (40,4%) no grupo com autismo e ausência destes no grupo controle; e abundância de Clostridium perfringens entre autistas (64,9%) em comparação aos neurotípicos (19,4%). Conclusão: Embora a relação entre a disbiose e o TEA seja descrita na literatura, alguns tópicos ainda permanecem em aberto, como a interferência de tratamentos com antimicrobianos, probióticos e transplante de microbiota fecal na melhora comportamental e o papel da microbiota fúngica nessas condições.
AVALIAÇÃO DA FORMAÇÃO DE BIOFILME POR ISOLADOS AMBIENTAIS DE STHAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDES
Authors: Ferreira Maria Gabriela , Menezes Ralciane De Paula , Alves Priscila Guerino Vilela , Penatti Mário Paulo Amante , Röder Denise Von Dolinger De Brito
Published: June 2021

Introdução: As infecções relacionadas ao ambiente hospitalar são uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade, sendo Sthaphylococcus epidermides uma das espécies mais frequentes. Este patógeno oportunista acomete principalmente pacientes, em uso de dispositivos invasivos e com o sistema imunológico imaturo, como exemplo os neonatos, sendo capaz de expressar fatores de virulência que contribuem para o aumento da sua patogenicidade, com destaque para a produção de biofilme, que dificulta a ação de diversas classes de antimicrobianos. Objetivos: Avaliar a produção de biofilme por isolados de Sthaphylococcus epidermides provenientes do ambiente da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um hospital universitário. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados 76 isolados, sendo: 16 do ar, 14 de superfícies de mesas, 19 de incubadoras, sete de monitores de respiradores, cinco obtidos dos dispenser de papel, quatro de bomba de infusão, quatro das maçanetas das portas da unidade, dois dos botões de sinais vitais, dois das bancadas de medicação, dois dos interruptores e um da gaveta de armário. A indução da formação de biofilme foi feita em placas de 96 poços com fundo chato, confeccionadas em poliestireno, e quantificado através de dois métodos colorimétricos: cristal violeta (para quantificar biomassa) e Safranina (para quantificação da matriz extracelular). Além disso, foi avaliada a viabilidade celular do biofilme formado através da contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC) após semeadura em placas de ágar Triptona de Soja. Resultados: todos os isolados foram considerados produtores de biofilme, sendo 72 (94,7%) classificados como fortes produtores, considerando a biomassa. Quando avaliado a matriz extracelular, 64 (84,2%) dos isolados foram considerados forte produtores de biofilme. A viabilidade celular média dos biofilmes formados foi de 6,7 x 10^9 CFU/mL. Conclusão: As análises realizadas neste estudo mostraram que a maioria dos isolados ambientais são capazes de formar biofilme. Logo, torna-se necessária a aplicação de métodos eficazes para desinfecção do ambiente hospitalar e das mãos dos profissionais de saúde, para evitar a colonização e subsequente formação de biofilmes em superfícies e dispositivos médicos por esses patógenos, impedindo tanto a sua permanência quanto a disseminação em ambiente hospitalar.
MODULAÇÃO DA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE RESPOSTA IMUNOLÓGICA À COVID-19
Authors: Costa Mayra Garcia Maia , Rocha Janaina Sobreira
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O intestino é o maior órgão que estabelece uma interface com o ambiente externo e é também uma barreira dinâmica que abriga uma complexa comunidade microbiana. Estima-se que o intestino de um indivíduo adulto contenha aproximadamente 1014 micro-organismos (10 vezes mais células do que todo o corpo humano). O intestino pode ser considerado também um dos mais importantes órgãos relacionados a resposta imunológica e tem recebido destaque na relação com a Covid-19, doença causada pela espécie SARS CoV2. Dentre os sintomas causados pela Covid-19, está a disbiose que resulta na supressão de micro-organismos benéficos, em detrimento ao crescimento de patógenos oportunistas. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da microbiota intestinal na resposta imunológica à Covid-19. Material e métodos: Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science, Science Direct e PUBMED fazendo uso da estratégia de busca com descritores: COVID-19, Microbiota Intestinal, Probióticos e SARS-CoV-2. Resultados: Alterações significativas da microbiota intestinal de pacientes com Covid-19 foram evidenciadas pelo fato de que SARS-CoV-2 é capaz de se multiplicar tanto nas vias respiratórias como nos tratos digestivos, consequentemente afetando a anatomia e fisiologia do trato gastrointestinal. Além disso, estudos demonstram persistência por período prolongado de SARS-CoV-2 no íleo e duodeno de pacientes após a infecção inicial. Evidências sugerem relação entre o eixo intestino-pulmão, que até certo ponto pode ser modulado por probióticos, amenizando sintomas gastrointestinais e protegendo o sistema respiratório. Conclusão: O equilíbrio da microbiota intestinal parece estar fortemente associado a efetiva resposta imunológica de pacientes com Covid-19. Alterações metabólicas preexistente podem atuar como fatores de estresse a microbiota benéfica e resultar no aumento de espécies microbianas prejudiciais. Estes dados indicam que a adoção de estratégias para modulação da microbiota intestinal, através de uma alimentação saudável que favoreça a microbiota intestinal benéfica e outras estratégias como o uso de probióticos, pode reduzir a gravidade da doença Covid-19.
OCORRÊNCIA DE HERPES-ZÓSTER EM INDIVÍDUOS ACOMETIDOS POR VARICELA NA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Pinheiro Lara Victória , Silva Ivamara De Morais , Freire Fernanda Bruna De Medeiros , Pinto Neto Paulo Holanda , Ribeiro Louise Helena De Freitas
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O vírus Varicela-Zóster (VZV), pertencente ao gênero Varicellovirus e à subfamília da Alphaherpesvirinae, é caracterizado, principalmente, pela capacidade de estabelecimento de infecção latente. Após a infecção primária, haverá o desenvolvimento da condição clínica denominada de Varicela (catapora) e, posteriormente, haverá o período de latência. O declínio da imunidade do paciente favorece a reativação do estágio de replicação do VZV e, consequentemente, o surgimento do Herpes-Zoster (HZ). Objetivos: Analisar, através de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, o desencadeamento das manifestações clínicas em pacientes acometidos por Varicela na infância com a gênese da HZ. Material e Métodos: Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre março de 2016 e março de 2021, utilizando as plataformas PUBMED, SCIELO e WEB OF SCIENCE, empregando os descritores “Herpes-Zóster”, "Varicela-Zóster" e “Varicela” em inglês e português, aplicando critérios de exclusão e inclusão para triagem dos artigos utilizados. Resultados: Durante a infecção primária pelo VZV, que acontece, inicialmente, na mucosa do trato respiratório superior, haverá progressão desse vírus, pelas vias hematogênica e linfática, para o sistema reticuloendotelial. Após isso, ocorrerá uma viremia, disseminando-o para a pele e o restante do corpo, infectando os linfócitos T, que irão transferi-lo para células cutâneas epiteliais, onde esse irá conter a ação do Interferon alfa, formando vesículas cutâneas, características da varicela. Após isso, o VZV tornar-se-á latente em gânglios ou na raiz dorsal de alguns nervos cranianos, reativando-se em indivíduos adultos submetidos a uma imunodepressão. Nesta condição, o indivíduo já possui anticorpos para esse agente, o qual só irá conseguir se replicar por estar na via neural, infectando, principalmente a pele, resultando no aparecimento de erupções cutâneas no percurso de todo o dermátomo, caracterizando não mais a catapora e sim, Herpes-Zóster. Conclusão: A HZ consiste em uma condição infecciosa, ocasionada pela recorrência do Vírus Varicela-Zóster, que à princípio irá causar varicela, estabelecendo um período de infecção latente, até que uma depressão da imunidade irá deixar o hospedeiro susceptível à reativação da replicação do VZV, provocando exantemas cutâneos disseminados por todo o dermátomo, principalmente, na região do dorso, tórax, lombar, seguido de dor aguda, formigamento e febre, tendo risco de morte em indivíduos imunocomprometidos.
‘’t is ça va dan he’
Authors: Delaby Gauthier , Vogl Ulrike
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the adjectivization of the Dutch interjections ça va and ok. argues that this adjectivization process was driven by analogical relations based on broad syntactic categories. A corpus investigation and acceptability judgements show (i) that the adjectival use of ça va and ok has become more frequent since Lemmens’s research, but that their adjectivization is not (yet) completed, (ii) that not only abstract generalizations, but also lower-level generalizations and specific constructions play a crucial role in the adjectivization of both interjections, and, (iii) that ça va and ok already as interjections showed limited grammatical behaviour, making them more susceptible to adjectivization. We argue – contra – that not (only) reinterpretation has led to the adjectivization of both interjections, buth rather their lexical and horizontal links in the constructional network.
COVID-19 impact on research and publication ethics
Authors: Heidary Fatemeh , Gharebaghi Reza
Published: June 2021

Editorial, No Abstract

KEY WORDS:

COVID-19, research, publication ethics, retraction, biomedicine, ethics
Short-term effect of non-preserved cationic oil in-water ophthalmic emulsion on tear meniscus parameters of healthy individuals in a prospective, controlled pilot study
Authors: Makri Olga E. , Tsekouras Iasonas , Mastronikolis Stylianos , Georgakopoulos Constantinos D.
Published: June 2021

Background: This study investigated the effect of instilling a single drop of non-preserved cationic oil-in-water ophthalmic emulsion (Cationorm®) on the lower (LTM) and upper tear meniscus (UTM) parameters of normal eyes.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center, non-randomized, controlled pilot study, optical coherence tomography was used to estimate the UTM and LTM height, depth, and cross-sectional area in participants without a history of dry eye disease. In the right eye (study eye), we instilled one drop of Cationorm® in the lower conjunctival sac. Scans of the tear menisci were acquired at baseline, before the instillation, and at 5, 15, and 30 min thereafter. Control scans of the left eye (control eye) were obtained at the same timepoints. The tear meniscus parameters of the study eye were compared with the control eye at each timepoint.

Results: Twenty subjects (11 male and 9 female; mean ± standard deviation of age: 37.8 ± 10.9 years) were included in the study. Compared to the control eye, instillation of a single drop of Cationorm® resulted in significantly higher LTM parameter values and a higher UTM cross-sectional area up to 30 min after instillation (all P < 0.05). The UTM height and depth were significantly greater in the study eye than in the control eye up to 5 min (P < 0.001 and 0.007, respectively) and 15-min (P = 0.045, and 0.002, respectively) after Cationorm® instillation. In the study eye, Cationorm® resulted in a significant increase in LTM parameter values up to 30 min post-instillation (all P < 0.001). The UTM height was significantly greater up to 15 min post-instillation than at baseline. The UTM depth and area increased significantly from baseline to 5 min after instillation.

Conclusions: Cationorm® seems to have a prolonged residence time on the ocular surface of healthy subjects as indicated by LTM parameters and to a lesser extent by UTM parameters.

Keywords: ophthalmic emulsion, cationorm, upper tear meniscus, lower tear meniscus, spectral domain-optical coherence tomography, SD-OCT, residence time
Związki mediów ze światem sportu - czyli wydarzenia sportowe jako wydarzenia medialne
Authors: Skucha Wojciech
Published: June 2021

Sport jest obecnie ważnym elementem rzeczywistości medialnej. Dzięki mediom wydarzenia sportowe mogą być oglądane przez miliony widzów. Celem tego artykułu jest zobrazowanie, w jaki sposób wydarzenia sportowe są postrzegane jako wydarzenia medialne, a także omówienie procesu mediatyzacji sportu i analiza przykładów najpopularniejszych transmisji sportowych w polskiej telewizji. Podstawą badań jest analiza wyników oglądalności najpopularniejszych transmisji sportowych we współczesnej historii polskiej telewizji, ale także analiza wyników oglądalności wybranych transmisji sportowych po wybuchu pandemii COVID-19. Przegląd tychże transmisji pokazał, że wydarzenia sportowe cieszą się ogromną popularnością wśród polskich telewidzów. Opisane zostały również przykłady rozwiązań stosowanych przez media przy okazji transmisji poszczególnych wydarzeń, jakie odbywały się w czasie pandemii COVID-19, które miały je urozmaicić i jak najbardziej upodobnić do wydarzeń sportowych sprzed wybuchu epidemii.
Trikrat: sosledje v zgodovinskem dogajanju na poti do slovenske državnosti v 20. stoletju
Authors: Čepič Zdenko
Published: June 2021

Slovenska država je nastala v »kratkem 20. stoletju«. Slovenci smo do države, ki jo imamo sedaj, prišli postopoma. V treh korakih: 1918, 1941–45, 1990–91. Pri tem je šlo pri nastajanju slovenske državnosti za povezanost, za sosledje. Brez dosežene prve slovenske državnosti ne bi bilo druge, zlasti pa brez druge ne bi bilo tretje. Vsak korak oblikovanja državnosti se je zgodil v svojem obdobju, v različnih pogojih, ki so vplivali na potek nastajanja države in stopnjo njene samostojnosti. Do prvega je prišlo ob koncu prve svetovne vojne, ko so bile zaradi mednarodnih političnih pogojev pretrgane državnopravne vezi z avstro-ogrsko državo in smo Slovenci vstopili v Državo Slovencev, Hrvatov in Srbov, ta pa se je nato s Kraljevino Srbijo »zedinila« v Kraljevino Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev (od leta 1929 Kraljevino Jugoslavijo), drugi se je zgodil v času druge svetovne vojne, ko je jugoslovanska država doživela kolaps in jo je bilo treba obnoviti, in to v novih pogojih, z novo organizacijo, za kar so se v vojnem obdobju zavzemali v t. i. meščanskem političnem taboru, v tradicionalnih slovenskih političnih strankah in tudi v t. i. revolucionarnem taboru oziroma v osvobodilnem gibanju, tretji pa takrat, ko se je jugoslovanska država, ki je bila organizirana po merilih v vojni zmagovitega osvobodilnega gibanja, izpela. Vsem trem korakom je bil skupen namen, medtem ko sta bila način do državnosti in odnos do nje različna. Način državnosti in odnos do nje sta bila odvisna od razmer pa tudi razmerij med dejavniki oziroma ustvarjalci državnosti in od političnih ali družbenih nosilcev. Oblikovanje slovenske državnosti v »kratkem 20. stoletju« je povezano s samoodločbo. Bila je sredstvo ali osnova, na kateri je bila državnost na vsaki posamezni stopnji zgrajena. V vsakem od korakov oblikovanja državnosti je bila nekoliko drugače razumljena. Samoodločba je bila bistven pogoj in sredstvo, da smo Slovenci do države sploh prišli. V vseh treh korakih njenega ustvarjanja.
Na »začasnem« delu v Nemčiji
Authors: Piškurić Jelka
Published: June 2021

Prispevek oriše odnos Jugoslavije do ekonomskih izseljencev v času socializma in njegove spremembe skozi desetletja. Ekonomsko izseljevanje se je vztrajno povečevalo od sredine petdesetih let 20. stoletja in vrhunec doseglo v začetku sedemdesetih let, Zvezna republika Nemčija pa je bila za izseljence najbolj priljubljena destinacija. Po eni strani je bilo ekonomsko izseljevanje znak odpiranja socialistične Jugoslavije, po drugi pa je kazalo na strukturne pomanjkljivosti njenega gospodarstva. Odnos Jugoslavije do ekonomskih izseljencev je bil drugačen kot do drugih kategorij izseljencev. Čeprav jih ni štela za sovražne socialistični ureditvi, jih je budno spremljala, saj je videla možnost, da zapadejo pod vpliv politične emigracije ali v tujini spremenijo politični nazor. Začetno odklonilno mnenje do ekonomskega izseljevanja se je v šestdesetih letih z naraščanjem števila izseljencev spremenilo. Država je začela izpostavljati skrb za delavce v tujini, hkrati pa je želela čim bolj nadzorovati migracijske tokove, a se je pri tem soočala z organizacijskimi težavami. Ekonomske selitve je vedno štela le za začasne, čeprav se mnogi niso vračali.
Nekaj razmislekov o knjigi in ob knjigi o delovanju ZDA v Jugoslaviji med drugo svetovno vojno
Authors: Čepič Zdenko
Published: June 2021

Knjige, zlasti t. i. zgodovinske, ki predstavljajo zgodovino, dogajanje, dogodke in procese, kot so se dogajali v preteklosti, so namenjene spoznavanju tega – nekoliko tudi v smislu izreka o zgodovini kot učiteljici življenja –, kaj se je zgodilo, kdaj in kje se je zgodilo ter kdo je kaj storil. Gre torej v veliki meri za iskanje podatkov o preteklosti. Temu so v prvi vrsti namenjene t. i. zgodovinske knjige. Se pa ob informacijah, ki jih nudijo, bralcu porajajo tudi različna vprašanja. Eno takšnih je zakaj. Zakaj se je nekaj zgodilo, zakaj je nekdo nekaj storil, tako kot je storil. Zakaj? Knjiga, ob kateri se vprašaš, zakaj je bilo tako, kot je bilo, je tudi knjiga o delovanju OSS, obveščevalne službe ZDA, v Jugoslaviji med drugo svetovno vojno, ki jo je napisal zgodovinar dr. Blaž Torkar, Misija Jugoslavija: OSS in četniško ter partizansko odporniško gibanje, 1943–1945 (Mission Yugoslavia: The OSS and the Chetnik and Partisan Resistance Movements, 1943–1945, Mc Farland & Company, inc., publishers, Jeffersom, North Carolina: 2020, 185 strani, ilustrirano).
РSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FORMATION TEENAGERS COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Authors:   Taraz regional University, Taraz, Kazakhstan, Alimbaevа S.K. , Makashkulova G.B. ,   Taraz regional University, Taraz, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article discussesthe psychology of adolescents who are the subject of communication activities, features of overcoming the difficulties of the adolescent period by achieving mutual understanding, communicative competence, interpersonal communication. Relationships of teenagers can be considered an important condition for their personal development. Teenagers, establishing relationships, get the information they need, learn from experience, enrich themselves with moral knowledge and values, master the rules of behavior in society, and form their own communication style
FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AUL SCHOOLS IN AKMOLA, SEMIPALATINSK REGION (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE ХХ CENTURY)
Authors:   Doctor of History, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University,Almaty, Kazakhstan., Saifulmalikova S.S. , Kadyrbayeva M.E. ,   Abai kazakh national pedagogical university Institute of History and Law PhD 3-coursespecialty «6D011400-History», Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Published: June 2021

In the article, the authors consider the history of the creation of nomadic aul schools in Akmola, Semipalatinsk region. The formation process of primary education in the Russian Empire in the second half of the ХІХ - early ХХ century is analyzed. The peculiarity of the creation of nomadic schools, the content of the educational process, the material and technical condition is revealed. The number of aul schools is indicated. Also in the article the rules that have been adopted on aul schools had analyzed. The authors, on the basis of extensive factual material, studying the topic of creating nomadic schools in the West Siberian educational district, compare them with the Orenburg educational district. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that it studies the specific feature of the aul school in the system of primary education in the Russian Empire.
KAZAKH-TURKISH RELATIONS: TRADE AND ECONOMIC ASPECT
Authors:   PhD, Dean of the Higher School of Social Sciences and Humanities Astana International University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Ibrayeva А.Е.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the trade and economic cooperation between the two countries at the present stage. Given the fact that Turkey is actively expanding its presence not only in Kazakhstan, but also in Central Asia, this issue is of urgent importance.Turkish business is represented in various sectors of the Kazakh economy: construction, transport, and communications. At the same time, we note that Turkey invests in the strategic sectors of our economy. Joint-stock companies and joint ventures have been established that produce products for domestic and international markets. Over the years, a legislative and legal framework has been formed in all areas of cooperation. The Turkish presence is noticeable not only in Kazakhstan, but also in Central Asia. Ankara has managed to put economic and humanitarian cooperation between our countries on a solid foundation. Among the priorities of Turkey's "soft power" are joint projects in the oil and gas industry, education and culture
PASTORAL ECONOMY OF THE KAZAKHS AT THE TURN OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES. ECONOMIC ASPECT
Authors:   doctor of philosophy (PhD), chief of department of Bases of military radiotechnique and electronics of Military and engineering institute of radio electronicsand communication, Almaty city, Kazakhstan, Kenzhebayev D.A.
Published: June 2021

In this article, based on the identified historical source, a number of facts are presented that reveal the features of nomadic cattle breeding of the Kazakhs at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The materials presented in the article allow us to understand how the economic relations between Russia and Kazakhstan were built, what was their main subject in the time interval under consideration, what characteristic features and features were inherent in them. The structure of the functioning of product sales markets is considered, the key figures of trade relations are identified. The change of the paradigm of exchange trade to commodity-money relations is shown. The features of the action of steppe fairs are revealed. Their role in ensuring the vital activity of steppe farms of the indigenous population of Kazakhstan is revealed. In general, the great importance of nomadic cattle breeding for the provision of meat, fat and various raw materials in Russia and a number of foreign countries is stated.
CENTRAL ASIA ON THE WAY TO CONSOLIDATION: POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors:   3d year doctoral student, Kazakh University of International Relations and World Languages named after Ablay khan, Department of International Relations and Regional Studies, Almaty, Kazakhstan. saya.sembayeva@mail.ru, Sembayeva Zh.S.
Published: June 2021

Now Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are experiencing a new stage of cooperation. This is evidenced by the recent events taking place in the two states. Changes in the vector of Uzbekistan's foreign policy with the coming to power of Shavkat Mirzeyev can be considered a "new starting point" for these countries. We will pay special attention to further strengthening the centuries-old friendship, good-neighborly relations, strategic partnership and mutual trust with the Central Asian States. This is a priority of our foreign policy. The complex conditions of the pandemic have once again demonstrated how we are interconnected. This article discusses the issues of integration of the Central Asian region, in particular Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The article provides an analysis of post-pandemic research, namely on the economic and political circumstances of the region and their interaction in the pic of the COVID-19 pandemic and actions towards economic recovery and their prospects for influencing the future of the region. The article also analyzes the articles of foreign researchers Anette Bohr, James Grant and Ariel Cohen about Central Asia.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE «SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF THE KAZAKH REGION» AS A SOURCE FOR RESEARCH HISTORY AND GEOGRAPH
Authors:   Master’s degrees student2ndcourse Aktobe regional university named after K.Zhubanov, Aktobe, Kazakhstan, E-mail: good_treiser.97@mail.ru, Yessimkhanov D.D. , Begimbayeva Zh.S. ,   с.h.s., associate professor of the Aktobe regional university named after K.Zhubanov, Aktobe, Kazakhstan, E-mail:shibek_07@mail.ru
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the «Works» of the Society for the study of the Kazakh region. The «Society for the study of the Kazakh region» existed as a Scientific Society and was the direct successor of the Orenburg scientific archival commission and the Orenburg department of the Russian geographical society. For the entire period of his scientific activity (1920-1932) The society was engaged in a comprehensive study of Kazakhstan and the Kazakh people. In the «Works» of the Society there are a number of works devoted to the study of geographical features of the regions of Kazakhstan, historical events of the second half of the XVIII-early XIX centuries. The «Works» of the Society for the study of the Kazakh region» made a huge contribution to the development of local history in Kazakhstan.