bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Purchase of Own Stocks As A Means of Protection Against A Hostile Takeover of A Company By Applying The Principles of Corporate Social Responsibility: The Case of Croatia
Authors: VINSALEK STIPIC Valentina , CESIC Zlatko
Published: March 2024

This research work conducted a study that sought to prove the connection between the implementation of social and environmental sustainability with the profitability of enterprises and the creation of economic added value. Expressing social and environmental sustainability as numerical indicators is quite undefined, because companies in Croatia do not have a legal obligation to state them in their business reports and notes. It is just a measure to improve and raise business and market ratings. Therefore, for this research, data on social and environmental sustainability as measurable variables were obtained after a survey conducted among employees and company management on a sample of 126 Croatian companies. The obtained measurable variables for environmental and social sustainability were ultimately put into comparative analysis with the company’s profitability indicators and the created economic added value. This research obtained data that there is a connection between environmental and social sustainability with the profitability of the company and the creation of economic added value, but it is extremely small, social sustainability 0.212 and environmental sustainability 0.243.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO ENFERMEIRO NO AUTOCUIDADO AO PACIENTE COM TUBERCULOSE MULTIRRESISTENTE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Guedes Miriam Maria Ferreira , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Reis Elcio Gomes dos , Salvador Eloá Fernanda Gazineu Marinho , Miranda Meg Belo , Costa Thamires Vaz
Published: March 2024

A tuberculose é uma doença infecciosa e transmissível que afeta prioritariamente os pulmões, embora possa acometer outros órgãos e/ou sistemas. A doença é causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis ou bacilo de Koch. A tuberculose (TB) persiste como um grave problema de saúde pública mundial, apesar dos avanços alcançados no controle da doença nos últimos anos. A chamada tuberculose multirresistente (MDRTB), causada por bactérias que não respondem a duas das principais drogas usadas no tratamento, a isoniazida e rifampicina. Objetivo: Compreender as ações do enfermeiro no autocuidado do paciente com tuberculose multirresistente. Metodologia: A pesquisa de natureza descritiva foi realizada através de revisão bibliográfica narrativa baseada em obras secundárias que aborda o tema em questão, publicadas no período de 2017 a 2023. A coleta do material para a pesquisa foi realizada no período de agosto de 2022 a de 2023. As obras idênticas, repetidas em bases diferentes, foram eliminadas, considerou-se seu primeiro registro. Conclusão: A presente pesquisa possibilitou a compreensão das ações do enfermeiro no autocuidado do paciente com tuberculose multirresistente, alcançando assim os objetivos propostos.
Pressure pain thresholds in unilateral plantar fasciopathy: A cross-sectional study involving trained runners and healthy controls
Authors:   , Game Claire
Published: March 2024

Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in the feet of injured runners are relatively unknown. This thesis compares PPTs in trained runners (with and without chronic unilateral plantar fasciopathy) and non-runners. The PPTs were tested using an algometer following ultrasound guidance at seven pre-determined landmarks. The novel findings will be of interest to clinicians and other researchers.
Anónimos, oligarcas, poetas y suplicantes en la República de Platón
Authors: Ottonello Rodrigo Oscar
Published: March 2024

La expulsión de los poetas fuera de la ciudad ideal, política elaborada en la República de Platón, es uno de los episodios más comentados en la historia de la filosofía, de modo que no parece haber lugar a novedades sobre el tema. No obstante, en este artículo me dedicaré a un aspecto que parece desatendido por los comentaristas del texto: hay una relación íntima entre la poesía y la oligarquía, entre los imitadores y el régimen de gobierno que ocupa el centro de la escala que va de los mejores a los peores. Entre los poetas caracterizados por Platón y los oligarcas, propondré, la diferencia es únicamente de grado, no de naturaleza, en el mismo sentido en que el filósofo establece la diferencia entre un amo y un rey, ambos por igual gobernantes. A tal fin me detendré en el tratamiento de las figuras del suplicante, el imitador, el oligarca y Odiseo (como personaje que las sintetiza), para atender a los aspectos comunes que hacen posible su reunión. Esto nos llevará a algunas conclusiones sobre el conflicto entre Platón y el anonimato.
Merleau-Ponty: les liens de la liberté. A situation commune
Authors: Martínez Morales Andrea
Published: March 2024

L'idée principale qui articule le présent article est la compréhension et la description du phénomène de la liberté à partir de la perspective phénoménologique merleau-pontyenne, donnée par l'explication et la défense du lien comme empiétement. Cela nous fait nous situer dans une expérience ambiguë qui révélera une liberté située, conséquence de son projet et explication de l'origine des sujets eux-mêmes, ce qui signifiera l'ipséité comme commencement ou nouveau commencement. Par conséquent, les libertés des sujets eux-mêmes, dans cette perspective, seront liées à une coexistence qui est, en même temps, violence et conflit.
Sportélelmiszerek
Authors: Gyimes Ernő
Published: March 2024

Sports foods are designed for athletes to improve performance, endurance, recovery and overall health. They are available in various forms such as protein powders, bars, energy gels, isotonic drinks, concentrates, vitamins, and minerals, with their composition and impact varying depending on the sport, personal needs and goals of the individual athlete, and time of consumption. These products are not officially recognised despite their potential benefits. The definition of sports food is not specified in EU legislation. While this does not preclude such products from proliferating, agreeing on how to define this would be helpful. The beneficial impact of sport, particularly elite sport, on the health of generations is indisputable. When it comes to recreational sports, the competitive spirit exists just as much. However, is it possible to achieve outstanding sports performance by only following general nutritional recommendations and using common foods? The author argues that this is not possible, and the purpose of this summary is to emphasise this point. This article briefly describes the common ingredients of sports foods and the general steps in their production. It also outlines some of the major future scenarios that could shape the challenges and opportunities for this industry in the coming decades.
Tapasztalás és tudomány: az élelmiszer-biztonság rövid története. Az empirikus ismeretek szerepe az élelmiszer-biztonság fejlődésében.
Authors: Bánáti Diána , Tóth Orsolya
Published: March 2024

A megfigyelés útján szerzett ismereteknek meghatározó szerepe volt abban, hogy az emberiség a tudományos módszerek és eszközök fejlődése előtt részben elkerülhette a mérgező növények és halálos megbetegedéseket okozó egyéb méreganyagok, a kórokozó baktériumok és vírusok által okozott halált. Az empirikus ismereteknek óriási szerepe volt az élelmiszer-biztonság fejlődésében. Az emberi evolúció során elsőként az empirikus megfigyelések, majd később a tudatos, kísérleteken alapuló eredmények alapozták meg az élelmiszer-biztonsági szabályok megalkotását. Viszont mind a mai napig nagy jelentősége van az empirikus úton szerzett ismereteknek, amelyeket célzott tudományos kísérletekkel támasztanak alá. Publikációnk második részében – az őskor és az ókor után – a középkor és az újkor időszakának legfontosabb, elsősorban megfigyelésen alapuló élelmiszer-biztonsági eseményeit tekintjük át egészen napjainkig. Kiemeljük a XVIII. század néhány jelentős élelmiszer-biztonsági megfigyelését. Bemutatunk néhány jelenkori, tapasztalati úton megfigyelt élelmiszer-biztonsági jelenséget, bizonyítva ezáltal az empirikus megfigyelések jelentőségét.
Pastas Quality Evaluation with Addition of Soy Okara
Authors: Lukin Aleksandr , Ganenko Sergei , Ganenko Dmitry
Published: March 2024

Munkánk során a szója okara főbb tulajdonságait és a tésztadúsító adalékanyagként való felhasználásának lehetőségeit vizsgáltuk egy tömegfogyasztási termék, a tészta esetén. Kísérleteinkben a szója okarát különböző hőmérsékleten szárítottuk. Három prototípust fejlesztettünk ki, amelyekben a liszthez 5, 10 vagy 15 tömegszázalékban adtuk hozzá a szárított szója okarát. A kapott tészták értékelését az érzékszervi, fizikaikémiai jellemzők és a kontrollminta tulajdonságaival való összehasonlításuk alapján, valamint a szabványban szereplő követelményeknek történő megfelelés ellenőrzésével végeztük el. Az elméleti és kísérleti eredmények alapján javasoljuk azt a hozzáadott szója okara mennyiséget, amely a tészták tápértékének növelésére használható.
14. ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY LIÊN MẤU CHUYỂN XƯƠNG ĐÙI Ở NGƯỜI TRÊN 65 TUỔI BẰNG ĐINH PFNA TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SÀI GÒN ITO
Authors: Sơn Lê Xuân
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Gãy liên mấu chuyển xương đùi loại gãy xương nặng, thường gặp ở người cao tuổi. Đối với hầu hết người thường gặp khó khăn nhất là vấn đề phục hồi chức năng, loét do tì đè, viêm phổi do nằm lâu. Hệ thống PFNA được giới thiệu bởi AO/ASIF vào năm 2004. Thiết kế đặc trưng của dụng cụ kết hợp xương này là sử dụng 1 vít cổ với diện tiếp xúc lớn, giúp nén xương xốp, điều này làm phương tiện kết hợp xương vững chắc hơn đối với người lớn tuổi loãng xương. Tại Bệnh viện ITO Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh đã thực hiện kết hợp xương gãy liên mấu chuyển xương đùi bằng PFNA cho thấy nhiều ưu điểm của phương pháp này. Vì vậy chúng tôi chọn đề tài: “Đánh giá kết quả điều trị gãy kín liên mấu chuyển xương đùi bằng PFNA”.

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá phục hồi giải phẫu, lành xương và phục hồi chức năng khớp háng. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu tiến cứu mô tả hàng loạt ca trên 36 BN có chẩn đoán gãy liên mấu chuyển xương đùi có chỉ định phẫu thuật.

Kết quả: Sau 6 tháng, tỉ lệ can xương là 100%; bệnh nhân đi lại bình thường không đau chiếm 38,9%; đi lại được, đau khi gắng sức chiếm 50%; Điểm Harris ghi nhận rất tốt chiếm 38,9%, tốt chiếm 47,2%, trung bình là 13,9%.

Kết luận: Điều trị gãy liên mấu chuyển xương đùi bằng đinh PFNA có kết quả lành xương cao và hiệu quả theo Harris rất tốt và tốt trên 85% trường hợp, phương pháp phẫu thuật an toàn.
28. ĐÁNH GIÁ TỈ LỆ NHIỄM MRSA VÀ XU HƯỚNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG NHIỄM TRÙNG BÀN TAY TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHẤN THƯƠNG CHỈNH HÌNH TỪ NĂM 2019-2023
Authors: Thu Huỳnh Thị Linh , Tuân Nguyễn Thế , Tuấn Phan Anh , Thạnh Vũ Huy
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Tụ cầu vàng kháng Methicillin (MRSA) được báo cáo là tác nhân gây nhiễm trùng nhiều nhất ở bàn tay tại những trung tâm y khoa hàng đầu trên thế giới. Xu hướng nhạy kháng sinh của tụ cầu vàng vẫn chưa được nắm rõ.

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu: Đánh giá tỉ lệ nhiễm MRSA trong nhiễm trùng bàn tay và xác định xu hướng đề kháng kháng sinh do MRSA, từ đó đưa ra khuyến cáo cho việc điều trị kháng sinh theo kinh nghiệm dựa trên độ nhạy kháng sinh đồ tại Bệnh viện Chấn thương Chỉnh hình.

Phương pháp: Một nghiên cứu hồi cứu, cắt dọc được thực hiện trên tất cả những ca nhiễm trùng bàn tay cấy dương tính được thực hiện tại Bệnh viện Chấn thương Chỉnh hình từ năm 2019 - 2023. Tỉ lệ của tất cả vi khuẩn được tính toán và thu thập mỗi năm. Nhiễm trùng MRSA được phân tích thêm về độ nhạy kháng sinh.

Kết quả: Có 369 ca nhiễm trùng bàn tay cấy dương tính được xác định từ năm 2019 đến năm 2023. Nhìn chung, MRSA mọc trong 38% ca. Bên cạnh MRSA thì Pseudomonas và Enterobacter là 2 tác nhân chiếm tỉ lệ cao tiếp theo với lần lượt là 24% và 20%. Tỉ lệ nhiễm MRSA được ghi nhận giảm trong thời gian 3 năm đầu, sau đó lại tăng đáng kể trong 2 năm trở lại đây. Có sự tăng dần trong việc nhiễm trùng đa vi khuẩn trong thời gian bốn năm, từ năm 2020 đến năm 2023. Đề kháng clindamycin tăng dần trong 3 năm trở lại đây, bắt đầu từ 53.85% trong năm 2021 nhưng tăng đến 78.26% trong năm 2023. Tương tự, đề kháng levofloxacin cũng ở mức độ cao trong 4 năm đầu, với đạt đỉnh 60.71% trong năm 2019, tuy nhiên, lại giảm đột ngột với 29.17% vào năm 2023.

Kết luận: Tỉ lệ nhiễm MRSA hàng năm trong nhiễm trùng bàn tay vẫn là tác nhân phổ biến nhất, tiếp theo là Pseudomonas và Enterobacter. Có sự gia tăng khác về nhiễm trùng đa vi khuẩn. Sự đề kháng MRSA đối với clindamycin và levofloxacin tăng phù hợp trong giai đoạn nghiên cứu. Liệu pháp kháng sinh theo kinh nghiệm đối với nhiễm trùng bàn tay không những nên tránh penicillin và họ beta-lactams khác mà còn nên tránh sử dụng clindamycin và levofloxacin trong điều trị theo kinh nghiệm.
36. ĐỨT MUỘN GÂN GẤP NGÓN CÁI DÀI KHI ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY ĐẦU DƯỚI XƯƠNG QUAY BẰNG NẸP VÍT MẶT LÒNG: NHÂN 2 TRƯỜNG HỢP
Authors: Minh Đinh Ngọc , Thỳ Lê Gia Ánh , Tân Nguyễn Viết , Tuân Nguyễn Thế , Đức Phạm Đình Minh , Thạnh Nguyễn Văn , Long Võ Châu Hoàng
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Mặc dù đứt gân duỗi các ngón hay gân duỗi ngón cái dài thường gặp khi điều trị gãy đầu dưới xương quay bằng nẹp vít, biến chứng đứt gân gấp lại rất hiếm gặp. Hầu hết các báo cáo hiện tại về đứt gân gấp ngón cái dài sau kết hợp xương bằng nẹp vít đặt mặt lòng điều trị gãy đầu dưới xương quay liên quan đến vị trí đặt nẹp thấp, do xương không lành di lệch thứ phát nên gia tăng sự va chạm giữa bờ dưới nẹp, vít với gân nên làm đứt gân.

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nhằm cảnh báo biến chứng đứt muộn gân gấp ngón cái dài có thể xảy ra khi kết hợp xương đầu dưới xương quay bằng nẹp vít mặt lòng và bàn luận các yếu tố góp phần gây ra biến chứng này, từ đó đưa ra cách ngăn ngừa biến chứng.

Báo cáo ca bệnh: Báo cáo 2 trường hợp đứt muộn gân gấp ngón cái dài sau lần lượt 6 tháng và 12 tháng kết hợp xương bằng nẹp nâng đỡ vít 3.5 mm đặt mặt lòng điều trị gãy đầu dưới xương quay. Kết quả: Yếu tố gây đứt gân của hai ca bệnh liên quan gân cấn vào bờ dưới nẹp và vít do nẹp đặt thấp, đầu vít lồi mặt lòng nhiều, nắn chưa hồi phục hoàn toàn giải phẫu xương. Sau khi được tháo nẹp vít, khâu nối hay ghép gân 3 tháng hồi phục vận động ngón cái hoàn toàn.

Kết luận: Khi kết hợp xương cần nắn hồi phục hoàn toàn giải phẫu xương, nẹp đặt cao khi có thể. Khi có triệu chứng như kích thích gân phẫu thuật viên nên xem xét tháo nẹp vít ngay khi đạt được sự lành xương để tránh biến chứng gân đứt làm cho việc điều trị khó khăn hơn nhiều.
Particularities of investigation of crimes committed by organized criminal groups
Authors: Jitariuc Vitalie
Published: March 2024

Organized crime as an extremely socially dangerous phenomenon is often referred to rightly as „improved” crime. Needless to say, crimes committed by organized criminal groups have always manifested themselves in a much more advanced degree of social danger than deeds committed, in particular, by individuals. In the first case, in the criminal activity are involved several persons united by a single criminal purpose, prepared for its realization, and a substantial damage is caused, which determines certain specific features of the mechanism of criminal activity and, respectively, defines the methodological particularities of investigation of such deeds. The elaboration of a secure methodological and forensic mechanism for investigating the criminal deeds committed by organized criminal groups is a possible thing to achieve over several years. In the content of this article, an attempt was made to systematize the factual and doctrinal material regarding the methods of identification, discovery and investigation of the organized criminal activity and the elaboration, based on them, of the corresponding forensic recommendations. However, the study does not aim to examine the full range of current issues in the field of investigation of the deeds committed by organized criminal groups, reflecting only some issues related to streamlining the investigation of these categories of crimes.
The presumption of lack of sexual consent in the case of a minor victim: a model of inspiration for the Moldovan legislator?
Authors: Brinza Serghei , Stati Vitalie
Published: March 2024

The hypothesis of taking advantage of the victim’s incapacity to express her/his will is already considered in art. 171 and 172 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. Therefore, it is not necessary to complete the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova with articles similar to art. 2181 and 2191 of the Criminal Code of Romania. Such a completion would only double the provisions of art. 171 and 172 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova in that case. The solution is the effective application of art. 171 and 172 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova if the perpetrator takes advantage of the minor victim’s incapacity to express her/his will.
THE IMPACT OF MOTIVATION AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON CV EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE. BUMI ANGKASA SEJAHTERA PALEMBANG
Authors: Dita Marisa Putri  , Syahyuni  , Syaiful Sahri
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of motivation and work discipline on the performance of CV employees. bumi angkasa sejahtera Palembang partially and simultaneously. The results of this study are Motivation and work discipline simultaneously affect the performance of CV employees. Bumi Angkasa Sejahtera Palembang which is shown by the F value count 13.820 which is greater than F table 3.17, then with a significance level of 0.000 smaller than the alpha probability level of 0.05, which means the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, then motivation and work discipline have a significant effect on the performance of CV employees. Bumi Angkasa Sejahtera Palembang. Partially, Employee motivation CV. Bumi Angkasa Sejahtera Palembang has a positive and significant effect on employee performance as shown from the results of a multiple linear regression coefficient of 0.420 with a significance level of 0.001. Meanwhile, the work discipline of CV employees. Bumi Angkasa Sejahtera Palembang has a positive and significant effect on employee performance as shown by the results of a multiple linear regression coefficient of 0.273 with a significance level of 0.02.
KINERJA PERUSAHAAN DITINJAU PADA MODAL INTELEKTUAL DIMEDIASI DAYA SAING
Authors: Eni Cahyani  , Emelda  , Wani Fitriah  , Efrina Masdaini
Published: March 2024

Abstract : The aim of this research is to explore the role of intellectual capital on company performance which leads to increased sustainable competitiveness. By integrating intellectual capital (human capital, relational capital, and spiritual capital) and performance, then connecting it with increased competitiveness. Specifically, this is related to how to produce a model of the relationship between intellectual capital that can be used to develop good company performance so as to increase competitiveness. The sample was 100 employees, data was collected by distributing questionnaires at one time (cross section) with the analysis technique, namely SEM-PLS using SMARTPLS. The research results reveal that human and spiritual capital have a significant effect on intellectual capital, competitiveness mediates the relationship between intellectual capital and company performance.
Abstrak : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi peran modal intelektual terhadap kinerja perusahaan yang mengarah pada peningkatan daya saing yang berkelanjutan. Dengan mengintegrasi modal intelektual (human capital, relational capital, dan spiritual capital) dan kinerja, kemudian menghubungkan dengan peningkatan daya saing. Secara khusus, hal ini berkaitan dengan bagaimana menghasilkan model hubungan antara modal intelektual yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kinerja perusahaan yang baik sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya saing. Sampel adalah karyawan sejumlah 100 orang, data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner dalam satu waktu (cross section) dengan Teknik analisis yaitu SEM-PLS menggunakan SMARTPLS. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa modal manusia dan spiritual berpengaruh signifikan terhadap modal intelektual, daya saing memediasi hubungan antara modal intelektual dengan kinerja perusahaan.
من أزمة العقل المسلم إلى أزمة التربية والوجدان والرؤية الحضارية: قراءة في الأبعاد الفكرية لمشروع الإصلاح لدى عبد الحميد أبو سليمان
Authors: Badrane ibn lahsan
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on Abdul Hamid Abi Suleiman's reform initiative, aiming to offer an interpretation of the project and assess its intellectual, methodological, educational, and cognitive aspects. To accomplish its objective, the research adopts a content analysis approach, concentrating on Abi Suleiman's primary works, namely, "The Crisis of the Muslim Mind," "The Issue of Methodology in Islamic Thought," and "The Crisis of Education and Conscience," along with other pertinent literature. The findings highlight that Abi Suleiman's writings illuminate diverse dimensions of the crisis faced by the Muslim Ummah, including methodological and intellectual challenges, emotional and educational aspects, as well as theoretical and philosophical considerations. In his reform endeavour, he successfully amalgamated theoretical concepts with practical applications, incorporating field activities and concrete work. The examination of the three aforementioned books underscores Abi Suleiman's commitment to reviewing historical reform efforts comprehensively. Furthermore, these texts reveal interconnected dimensions within Abi Suleiman's reform initiative, serving as focal points around which his other literary works orbit.
Method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of Doultegravir and Rilpivirine related impurities (Rilpivirine Z Isomer and Dolutegravir hydroxy impurity) using RP HPLC
Authors: Soujanya Varada , Baby Nalanda Revu
Published: March 2024

The combination of Doultegravir and Rilpivirine is used to treat human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus. A new stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been proposed for the quantification of Doultegravir and Rilpivirine along with its impurities Rilpivirine Z Isomer and Doultegravir hydroxy impurity using Water HPLC System (PDA detector) and auto sampler integrated with Empower 2 Software with Inertsil (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) C18 column (PDA detector) was used for the present study. A mixture of 0.01N phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (50: 50, v/v) (pH adjusted to 4.8 with TEA and ortho phosphoric acid) was used as mobile phase for the chromatographic study (Flow rate: 1.0 ml/min; Injection volume: 10 μl; Detection wavelength: 257 nm) with run time 12 mins. Stress degradation studies were performed and the method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The developed method was found to be precise, specific, accurate, linear, stable and robust for the quantification of Dolutegravir and Rilpivirine along with its impurities Rilpivirine Z Isomer and Dolutegravir hydroxy impurity and its bulk drug formulation. The developed method can be applied successfully to quality control and for other analytical purposes.
In silico Analysis of Structure and Function of Hypothetical Proteins in Salmonella typhimurium (SL1344)
Authors: Naveez Valathoor Mohammed , Venugopal Subhashree
Published: March 2024

Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344(S.typhi) is a non typhoidal bacteria which may cause infection in human gastrointestinal tract, may cause abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and inflammation some times which may lead to the human death. A comparative study of hypothetical outer membrane proteins of Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344 (S.typhi) was performed using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatics is a source to analyse whole genomic sequence of a vast number of uncharacterized genes. Online databases like UniProt, String, Pfam and other tools were used. Thirteen uncharacterized and hypothetical protein present in outer membrane of the bacteria S.typhi were retrieved from UniProt and its structure and function were studied. In this study the cellular function, pathway of enzyme interaction, antibiotic resistance were analyzed. The structure of the protein as well the function of these proteins provides better understanding to perform molecular docking and identification of small molecule inhibitors.
Potential Analysis of Belimbing Wuluh (Averhoe bilimbi L.) leaf extract on increasing Fibroblasts, TGFß1 expression and density of Collagen fibers in the Periodontal ligament during Orthodontic Tooth Movement
Authors: Herniyati Herniyati , Harmono Happy , Nur Rahman Adiyatmoko , Widyawati Ratna
Published: March 2024

Background: Orthodontic treatment is a treatment to correct malocclusion. The periodontal ligament plays an important role in preventing recurrence after orthodontic treatment. Fibroblast cells play a role in the regeneration of the periodontal ligament to maintain the stability of orthodontic treatment. Fibroblast cells play a role in the formation of collagen fibers that will connect teeth to bones. TGFß1 is a growth factor that plays a role in inducing the proliferation and transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and stimulates the accumulation of matrix proteins, including laminin, collagen 1 and 3, and fibronectin. Orthodontic treatment takes a long time so we need a method to speed it up. Belimbingwuluh leaf extract (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) contains antioxidants and anti-inflammatories which are expected to increase the number of fibroblasts and the density of collagen fibers. Objective : To analyze the potential of belimbingwuluh leaf extract in increasing the number of fibroblasts, TGFß1 expression and collagen fiber density during orthodontic tooth movement. Method: using 36 rats divided into 6 groups. The control group was fitted with orthodontic appliances without extracts, and the treatment group was fitted with orthodontic appliances and starfruit leaf extract for 7 days, 14 days and 21 days. An orthodontic appliance in the form of a closed coil spring Ni-Ti was installed to move the maxillary first molars mesially with orthodontic mechanical force. Histological preparations were made on M1 RA teeth with their periodontal ligament, then the tissue was stained with HE to observe fibroblasts, and Trichome Mallory staining for collagen fiber density and immunohistochemical staining to examine TGFß1 expression. Observation of fibroblasts and TGFß1 expression using a microscope and collagen density were observed using a microscope using the Adobe CS 6.0 application. Results: showed a significant increase in the number of fibroblasts, TGFß1 expression and density of collagen fibers in the 7, 14 and 21 day treatment group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: BelimbingWuluh leaf extract increases fibroblasts, TGFß1 expression and collagen fiber density in the periodontal ligament during orthodontic tooth movement.
Efficiency Evaluation and Characterization of Microbially, Phyto and Chemically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: M. Lela Abdelgyed , El-Sehrawy Moataz H. , Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A. , El-Waseif Amr A.
Published: March 2024

The present research objectives involves the synthesis and characterization of microbially, Phyto- and chemically silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluation the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect. Silver nanoparticles were biosynthesized through Streptomyces clavuligerus and Curcuma extract in addition to chemical reduction method with trisodium citrate as reducing agent silver nitrate as the metal substrate. The syntheses of the silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of characterization revealed absorption peaks obtained at range from 217-222 nm for all AgNPs types. SEM photographs of biosynthesized AgNPs indicate a narrow size distribution with average 8 nm in ‎spherical with smooth surfaces‎ and serruond protein but, chemical AgNPs showed ‎ without serruond protein. Antibacterial activity of AgNPs was determined using agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginos. Results show similar significant antibacterial activity of microbial and Phyto- biosynthesized silver NPs. On the other hand, the chemically synthesized AgNPs recorded no activity against all tested pathogens. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs was tested in vitro on lung tissue fibroblast (WI-38) using MTT with various concentrations. The results recorded IC50 4.6, 1.25 and 2.18 µgml-1 for microbially, Phyto- and chemically AgNPs respectively. Almost all the microbial synthesis of silver nanoparticles exhibit the beast characteristics that qualify it for application in the pharmaceutical field due to its being the smallest in size, antimicrobial activity, and the less toxic on host cells.
"THE NIBELUNGENLIED" IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN EPIC TRADITION
Authors: LUSHNEVSKAYA E.
Published: March 2024

The article considers the German heroic epic "The Nibelungenlied" in the context of the Western European epic (on the example of "Beowulf" and "Song of Roland") and Old Russian byline epic. It is emphasised that the researched epics are characterised by commonality at the plot and thematic level. It is about historical convention; about the opposition of grief and joy, good and evil; about the motives of snake-fighting, betrayal and revenge; about the presence of difficult trials, which the hero is helped to overcome by strength, courage and honour; about material benefits and the hero's attitude to fate, as well as about the hero's death. The author concludes that these features are associated with the presence of elements of oral poetry in the epic genre, which are born from the synthesis of heathen and Christian worldviews. As a result, along with typological similarities, the differences were revealed, connected, on the one hand, with the specificity of culture, and, on the other hand, with the personality of the author of the epic, in particular "The Nibelungenlied".
PECULIARITIES OF FUNCTIONING OF LEXICO-SEMANTIC GROUPS OF VERBS IN THE CONTINUOUS FORM IN ENGLISH DRAMA OF XVII–XX CENTURIES
Authors: DZINKEVICH A.
Published: March 2024

The article identifies lexico-semantic groups of verbs which were used in the Continuous form through the Modern English period (XVII–XX centuries). It has been determined that in most cases the Continuous forms are used with the verbs of dynamic semantics. Nevertheless there has been revealed a tendency of Continuous forms to increase their use with stative verbs, which contribute to the fixing of expressive meaning in these forms.
THE SUBJECT'S POSITION IN THE SENTENCE IN MASS-MEDIA ECOLOGICAL DISCOURSE (IN THE GERMAN-LANGUAGE MEDIA)
Authors: LOHVINAVA I.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the study of word order in sentences in German-language media texts on environmental topics. It describes the key points in the formation of the analytical structure in the German language and its influence on the word order in a sentence. The cases of the subject in the fourth place in a simple sentence and in the second place in the subordinate clause are analyzed. The sentence members shifting the subject to the right, such as the objects of time and place, mode and degree, conditions, direct and prepositional supplements, were revealed. The frequency of their use is determined. The link between the word order and the actual sentence segmentation is characterized. An attempt has been made to identify the markers of a rhema in the analysed cases and the frequency of their use. Quantitative and ordinal numerals, nouns with quantitative meaning, indefinite article, prepositional group, negation, subordinate clause and demonstrative pronoun were found to be markers of a rhema.
Clustering Techniques in Data Mining: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Applications
Authors: ALASALI Tasnim , ORTAKCI Yasin
Published: March 2024

Clustering is a crucial technique in both research and practical applications of data mining. It has traditionally functioned as a pivotal analytical technique, facilitating the organization of unlabeled data to extract meaningful insights. The inherent complexity of clustering challenges has led to the development of a variety of clustering algorithms. Each of these algorithms is tailored to address specific data clustering scenarios. In this context, this paper provides a thorough analysis of clustering techniques in data mining, including their challenges and applications in various domains. It also undertakes an extensive exploration of the strengths and limitations characterizing distinct clustering methodologies, encompassing distance-based, hierarchical, grid-based, and density-based algorithms. Additionally, it explains numerous examples of clustering algorithms and their empirical results in various domains, including but not limited to healthcare, image processing, text and document clustering, and the field of big data analytics.
Navigating Religious Hegemony and Human Rights Based on KUHP: Al-Zaytun's Controversial Case
Authors: Dewantri Puja Alviana , Pattiserlihun Selvone Christin , Hakim Putri Rahmah Nur
Published: March 2024

The Al-Zaytun issue has ignited a heated debate in Indonesia about religious pluralism, religious freedom, and human rights. This quandary, reminiscent of the Indonesian Ahmadiyya Muslim Congregation's situation classified as "heretical," demonstrates the historical tendency to pigeonhole alternative ideas. This highlights the hidden presence of takfiri ideology, a potentially divisive force despite its relative obscurity. In this context, this article examines the contentious Al-Zaytun case, in which the rejection of non-traditional Islamic teachings prompts a broader examination of the conflict between entrenched traditional practices, which represent the majority of Indonesian Muslims, and fundamental human rights principles, particularly religious freedom. Using an analytical method, it dissects media portrayals and examines the legal framework established by KUHP 2023, addressing religious violations and belief-based areas. The essay explores the case's potential under the prior KUHP 2021 through comparative research, revealing the various issues of interpreting and applying legislation in cases of blasphemy and religious disagreements. The study says that varied Sharia interpretations within Islam should not be used to justify restricting religious freedoms, mirroring Boaventura's interpretation of Talal Asad's discoveries, which confirm Islam's diversity of religious experiences and adaptive Sharia interpretations. Indonesia faces the challenge of cultivating a nuanced perspective that preserves individual liberty and communal harmony while balancing the intricate interaction of religious dynamics, legal systems, and human rights.
АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ СИНТЕЗА 8 GA-FAPI (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР)
Authors: Икрамов А.Б. , Востриков А.Б. , Демирделен А. , Джаканова М.Т. , Жолдыбай Ж.Ж. , Айнакулова А.С. , Габдуллина М.О.
Published: March 2024

Заболеваемость злокачественными опухолями различных локализаций имеет тенденцию к росту, как во всем мире, так и в Казахстане. Интенсивное изучение вопросов улучшения диагностики и лечения рака привело к значительному прогрессу в понимании механизмов развития и прогрессии опухолей. Одним из перспективных направлений в этой области является изучение опухоль-ассоциированных фибробластов, ключевым биомаркером которых служит фибробласт-активирующий белок (Fibroblast Activation Protein — FAP). В данной статье мы приводим результаты изучения литературных источников, посвященных методам автоматизированного синтеза радиофармацевтического препарата 68Ga-FAPI-46, который обладает значительным потенциалом для применения в диагностике рака с использованием позитронно-эмиссионной томографии в сочетании с компьютерной томографией. В современных условиях, когда интерес к радиофармпрепаратам, в частности к 68Ga-FAPI-46, стремительно растет, возникает необходимость в разработке эффективных и безопасных методов масштабирования его синтеза. Традиционные ручные методы уже не способны удовлетворить текущие требования, особенно с учетом требований к повышенной производительности и радиационной безопасности. В рамках исследования оценены автоматизированные методы синтеза, включая различные модули синтеза, такие как Trasis AiO, iQS-TS, Trasis EasyOne, Synthra и Scintomics GallElut и др. Результаты исследования подтвердили, что все рассмотренные методы обеспечивают высокую радиохимическую чистоту и выход продукта, что критически важно для клинической применимости препарата. Результаты данного обзора продемонстрировали перспективность автоматизированных систем для синтеза 68Ga-FAPI-46 и их важную роль в развитии методов диагностики рака и радиофармацевтической промышленности. Автоматизация значительно повышает уровень радиационной безопасности, что снижает риск радиоактивного воздействия на операторов, а также сокращает время синтеза и увеличивает объем выпускаемой продукции.
ENHANCING OSTEOGENESIS: OSTEOPLASTIC MATERIAL WITH PLASMOGEL AND PLATELET-ENRICHED PLASMA
Authors: Mugalbayeva M.А. , Mirzakulova U.R. , Zaitenova G.B. , Uglanov Z.S.
Published: March 2024

This article is a comprehensive exploration of the clinical and radiological findings derived from the utilization of osteoplastic synthetic material, combined with plasma gel and platelet-rich plasma, to facilitate and augment local osteogenesis subsequent to the atypical extraction of the lower third molar. The study, comprising 80 patients, was meticulously divided into two distinct groups: the experimental group and the control group. The strategic utilization of osteoplastic synthetic material in conjunction with plasmogel for bone wound filling, along with the introduction of plasma enriched with platelet factors into the transitional fold of the surgical site, emerged as a pivotal approach. This multifaceted technique not only acted as a robust defense against wound infections but also exhibited a remarkable reduction in the frequency of postoperative inflammatory complications, impressively plummeting from 10% to a mere 2.5%. Radiological assessments, notably through X-ray examinations, provided compelling evidence of an accelerated and substantially reinforced reparative regeneration of bone tissue within the void left by the extracted lower third molar. The primary and overarching objective of this comprehensive study was to meticulously scrutinize and document the outcomes arising from the meticulous implementation of osteoplastic synthetic material in conjunction with plasmogel and platelet-rich plasma. This innovative approach was systematically applied to catalyze and amplify local osteogenesis, predominantly in the aftermath of the intricate and atypical extraction of the lower third molar, shedding light on the transformative potential of this multifaceted intervention in clinical practice.
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COSMETIC MARKET
Authors: Ishankulova L.I. , Mombekov S.E. , Zhakipbekov K.S. , Serikbayeva E.A. , Zhumabaev N.N. , Rakhimbayev N.A. , Ashirov M.Z. , Seitova Zh.D.
Published: March 2024

Cosmetics are an important consumer product, whose popularity is confirmed by the huge volume of sales in the global market. On the world market, perfumery and cosmetic products are produced by over 500 enterprises and firms, but about half of all production is concentrated in the hands of only seven largest companies. This article presents key economic indicators related to concentration and dominance in the cosmetics market, as well as major changes in the industry and individual companies. The importance of this problem lies in the fact that in light of growing consumer demand for new products, the development of brands in the cosmetics industry is becoming more intense. In such conditions, strong competition forces manufacturers to continuously introduce new products to the market to expand their range and increase sales volumes. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study the market of cosmetic products to determine the trend in the development of the cosmetics market. Methods and materials. The article presents the result of a review of the global cosmetics market. To collect information, the method of desk research is used, that is, the processing of information that has been presented on official websites. The result is based on the systematic collection, structuring and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data during the review of the cosmetics market. The Herfindahl-Hirschman index is used to calculate the degree of monopolism in this market. Results. The analysis showed that today there are seven large corporations operating on the world market, owning a total of 182 companies producing a wide variety of goods. One of the leading companies is the French company L’Oreal, whose profit in 2022 amounted to $ 40.3 billion. The general state of the market is growing at different rates every year. For example, in 2019, the state of the market was estimated at $ 450 billion, but in 2020, due to covid-19, these figures decreased to $ 341 billion. But despite this, the cosmetics market will be able to recover, and by 2022 the cosmetics market was estimated at $ 518 billion. Analysis of the German research company GFK cosmetics market revealed several trends in consumer behavior, such as rationality, anti-aging cosmetics, etc.. Conclusion. In recent years, the consumption of perfumes and cosmetics worldwide has grown significantly. A large number of new products with new consumer properties have appeared on the world market, which have oversaturated the market. For several years, there has been a tendency to decrease the market concentration and market influence of individual companies, increasing competition. Advertising plays an important role in the cosmetics market, so most of the investment is invested in advertising products.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ДИЕТЫ ДЛЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА: ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР)
Authors: Казбекова А.Р. , Аканов Ж.А. , Бурибаева Ж.К. , Утегенова А.Н.
Published: March 2024

Диабет – это хроническое заболевание, которое возникает либо в случаях, когда поджелудочная железа не вырабатывает достаточное количество инсулина, либо когда организм не может эффективно использовать вырабатываемый инсулин. Наиболее эффективным способом профилактики или отсрочки развития диабета 2-го типа является коррекция образа жизни. Выбор рациона питания играет решающую роль в лечении диабета, и предлагаются различные диеты, помогающие людям контролировать уровень глюкозы в крови. В данной статье исследуется эффективность различных современных диет в лечении диабета. Цель исследования — изучение публикаций об эффективности различных современных диет в вопросах профилактики и лечения сахарного диабета 2 типа. Материалы и методы исследования. Поиск литературы в электронных базах данных Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley, Cochrane library с глубиной поиска 5 лет (2018-2023 гг.) с использованием ключевых слов MeSH, включены обзоры и оригинальные исследования. Результаты. Наиболее изученными диетами из всех современных диет при профилактике и лечении сахарного диабета являются средиземноморская, низкоуглеводная и вегетарианская диеты. При сравнении со всеми известными диетами, средиземноморская диета привела к наиболее значительному улучшению гликемического индекса, а также наблюдалась большая потеря веса. Заключение. Диабет 2 типа — это сложное заболевание, при котором решающее значение имеет приверженность пациента лечению. Поскольку средиземноморская диета является сбалансированной и, вероятно, имеет высокую степень приверженности пациентов, это более успешная и реалистичная диета для пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа. Необходимо провести дальнейшие исследования для изучения последствий и управляемости диетами в долгосрочной перспективе.
ЖЫНЫСТЫҚ ЗОРЛЫҚ-ЗОМБЫЛЫҚ КЕЗІНДЕ ЖЫНЫС МҮШЕЛЕРІНІҢ МИКРОБИОМАСЫН СОТ-МЕДИЦИНАЛЫҚ БАҒАЛАУ
Authors: Мұсабекова С.А. , Мхитарян К.Э. , Абдикадирова Х.Р. , Мулдашева Б.С.
Published: March 2024

Жыныстық сипаттағы қылмыстарды дәлелдеу күрделі үдеріс. Кейбір жағдайларда, әртүрлі жағдайларға байланысты, зорлық-зомбылықтың биологиялық дәлелдерінің ДНҚ талдауы нәтижесіз болуы мүмкін. Криминалистикалық құралдар жинағында адам микробиомасының деректерін пайдалану перспективасы жеке тұлғаны сәйкестендіру мүмкіндіктерін кеңейтеді. Зерттеу мақсаты: сот-медициналық тәжірибеде жыныстық зорлық-зомбылық фактісін растау үшін жыныс мүшелерінің микробиомасының әлеуетін және оны пайдалану мүмкіндіктерін зерттеу. Материалдар мен әдістер Ғылыми басылымдарды іздеу келесі мәліметтер базасында жүргізілді: PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar және Web of Science, тереңдігі 5 жыл. Терминдердің әртүрлі комбинациялары қолданылды: «сот-медициналық сараптама», «жыныстық зорлық-зомбылық», «микробиома», «дене сұйықтықтары», «жеке сәйкестендіру», «жыныс мүшелерінің микробиомасы». Қосу критерийлері: А және В дәлелдеу деңгейінің жарияланымдары. Алып тастау критерийлері: жарнамалық мақалалар мен ақпараттық жазбалар. Нәтижелер Адам микробиомасы тек жекелендірілген және уақыт бойынша салыстырмалы түрде тұрақты. Сот медицинасы тұрғысынан адам микробиомасы адамның жеке басын анықтау үшін бай, салыстырмалы түрде пайдаланылмаған ресурс болып табылады. Қынаптық жыныстық қатынас серіктестердегі төменгі зәр шығару жолдарының микробиотасындағы түрлердің байлығы мен әртүрлілігінің өзгеруіне әкеледі. Еркек жыныс мүшесінің микробиомасының жыныстық серіктестердің қынап микробиомасымен үйлесімділігі жыныстық қатынас фактісін ғылыми негізделген түрде растауға мүмкіндік береді. Адам микробиомасын зерттеу құралы ретінде пайдаланбас бұрын, микробтық профильдеуге байланысты бар шектеулерді болдырмау үшін қосымша зерттеулер қажет. Қорытынды Жыныстық қатынас фактісін растау үшін сараптамалық зерттеулердің жаңа түрлерін әзірлеу және енгізу сот-медициналық сараптамалардың сапасын жақсартуға және олардың халықаралық стандарттарға сәйкестігіне әкеледі. Микроб адамның жеке басының қосымша сот-медициналық сипаттамасы болып табылады және оның жыныстық қатынас кезінде анықталған транспозициясы зорлау кезінде сот-медициналық сараптаманың дәлелді мүмкіндіктерін арттыра алады.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЦЕТИРИЗИНА В ЛЕЧЕНИИ АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ
Authors: Нурдаулетов М.М. , Раушанова А.М.
Published: March 2024

С учетом важнейшей роли гистамина в механизмах аллергических реакций и связанных с ним большинства симптомов аллергических заболеваний в качестве противоаллергических лекарственных средств (ЛС) используются антигистаминные препараты [1]. Антигистаминные препараты (АГП) — это средства, действие которых реализуется посредством связывания с рецепторами гистамина на клетках разных тканей. Имея структурную схожесть с гистамином, они конкурентно блокируют Н1-рецепторы и, таким образом, нивелируют эффект основного медиатора аллергии на клетки-мишени [2]. Значительным событием явилась разработка в 1977 г. нового поколения Н1-гистаминоблокаторов, лишенных выраженных побочных эффектов. Эта группа препаратов получила название «антагонисты Н1-гистаминоблокаторов второго поколения». В отличие от препаратов 1-го поколения у них отсутствуют седативный и холинолитический эффекты, но они обладают избирательностью действия на Н1-рецепторы [3]. На сегодняшний день цетиризин — один из наиболее изученных антигистаминных препаратов второго поколения, является «золотым стандартом» в симптоматическом лечении аллергии. Он быстро облегчает симптомы аллергии, вступая в конкурентную блокаду с гистамином уже через 20 минут после приема за счет высокой селективности к Н1%рецепторам. [4] Цель исследования. Изучить преимущества применения цетиризина для лечения аллергических заболеваний. Материалы и методы. Литературный обзор отечественных и зарубежных статей в научно-доказанных базах данных. Поиск литературы был осуществлен в электронных базах PubMed, Google Scholar, e-library и ScienceDirect. Результаты. Литературный обзор научных публикаций показал, что оптимальным препаратом выбора, отвечающим современным требованиям и в том числе наиболее изученным среди антигистаминных препаратов второго поколения является цетиризин. Его высокая терапевтическая активность подтверждена как на пациентах с аллергическим ринитом, крапивницей, атопическим дерматитом, аллергическим ринитом в сочетании с бронхиальной астмой, так и на пациентах с отягощенным аллергоанамнезом [2]. Выводы. Таким образом, цетиризин является наиболее эффективным и безопасным антигистаминным препаратом, демонстрирующим преимущественные свойства, которые выделяют его среди ряда препаратов нового поколения неседативных антигистаминных препаратов.