bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial-temporal Transformation of the Volga Reservoirs’ Soil Complex. Communication 7. Sediment Formation in the Highly Running Reservoirs of the Volga Cascade
Authors:   V.V. Zakonnov, A.V. Zakonnova, A.I. Tsvetkov
Published: September 2021

Large plain reservoirs are water bodies of a slow water exchange with Кw less than 10 year-1 contributing to multi-year (annual) flow regulation. All reservoirs of the Volga-Kama cascade belong to this type of reservoirs, except the Cheboksary and Saratov reservoirs with Кw about 20 year-1. Weekly and daily fluctuations of the runoff are observed in these reservoirs. This mode of operation of hydraulic constructions leads to an increase in the flow rate and fluctuations of the level, which determines the specific conditions for the formation and accumulation of bottom sediments characteristic of river systems. It is shown that the areas of coarse-grained sediments are 55 and 70%, respectively. The reservoirs under consideration are transit reservoirs for suspended substances and aerators for the oxidation of chemical pollutants and their neutralization, so they play a crucial role in the natural self-purification and management of natural water quality. Methods. The aim of the study is to characterize the spatial and temporal transformation of the lower layer of the ecosystem in reservoirs with high water exchange (by the example of the Cheboksary and Saratov reservoirs) and to identify its role in water self-purification taking into account biomarkers. It is known that river systems or systems similar to them are more efficient and are characterized as potentially saturated with food organic/mineral resources for hydrobionts. The assessment of water quality and bottom sediments of different hydro-morphometric characteristics, dynamics of water masses and operating conditions is presented using methods of bioassay and toxicology by the example of chironomid larvae and antioxidant defense system of benthic fish. Results. Based on the data of the integrated hydrobiological cruises during the growing season 2014–2020, it is difficult to say that the quality of water and bottom sediments, biotic and toxicological parameters depend on the flow rate, so further studies are required. The work is original, because there are no analogues in the world for monitoring of bottom sediments in reservoirs and quantitative assessment of sedimentation processes in space and time. The results of the biogeochemical analysis indicate, that in terms of the degree of deterioration of the eco/toxicological state, the Volga reservoirs are in a series: Volgograd = Saratov > Kuibyshev > Cheboksary > Gorky.
The Effect of Climatic Changes on Vertical Moisture Exchange in Soils
Authors:   S.A. Lavrov
Published: September 2021

The effect of climatic changes on surface and underground runoff cannot be explained without studying such changes on such processes of moisture transfer in soils as infiltration, evaporation, migration of moisture to the frost front. These processes are components of moisture exchange in soils and almost completely determine the mechanisms of runoff formation and its climatic interconformity. The paper discloses the main links of vertical moisture exchange in soils with environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed and water vapor pressure. On the example of the Volga basin, changes in moisture flows in soils over the past decades are considered. Methods. To reveal the patterns of moisture exchange, a physically sound mathematical model of vertical heat-moisture transfer in soils and snow cover was used. Numerical experiments were carried out to assess the impact of all the main weather factors that cause long-term changes in vertical moisture flows in soils for the period 1952-2019. Results. Calculations showed that in the 1970s there were significant changes in soil moisture flows. There was a preferential increase in downstream flows and a decrease in upstream flows, which under certain weather conditions led to an increase in the level of groundwater. In recent decades, the growth of descending soil moisture flows in the river basin. Volga and, accordingly, groundwater levels have slowed down.
Application of European Approaches to Determination of Technological Indicators of the Best Available Techniques in the Field of Wastewater Treatment
Authors:   O.V. Grevtsov, M.E. Astrakhanov, A.N. Epov
Published: September 2021

The year 2014 was a turning point in the transition of the main sectors of the Russian economy to a new track of environmental regulation and the introduction of obligations for first category’ s objects of negative environmental impact to receive a unified complex document containing mandatory requirements in the field of environmental protection. The main element in the application for a comprehensive environmental permit is the results of calculations of technological standards based on technological indicators of the best available techniques.The determination of technological indicators of the best available techniques takes place in the process of developing and updating information and technical reference documents (BREFs) on the best available techniques. There is currently no unified methodology for determining the technological indicators of the best available techniques. In the process of determining them in Russia, an expert assessment, a reference to the opinion of the industry professional community, or a compromise between control and supervisory authorities, departmental executive authorities and enterprises prevails. Methods. The authors have obtained a set of data through questionnaires from wastewater treatment plants of various output and water treatment techniques used. We have a developed a unified questionnaire that enables to get general information on the plants under study, as well as detailed information on pollutants’ discharge and the use wastewater treatment techniques. Results. In this article, the technological indicators of the best available technologies in the field of wastewater treatment using centralized wastewater disposal systems of settlements or urban districts were determined based on the proposed European approaches. The results obtained showed that the resulting total range generally corresponds to the values of technological indicators of the best available techniques established by the Government of the Russian Federation for water treatment enterprises. Thus, it is possible to judge the applicability (taking into account the expert assessment) of this approach for determining the technological indicators of the best available techniques in other information and technical reference documents (BREFs).
Sorption Extraction of Strontium Radionuclides from Surface Water by Natural Aluminum Silicate
Authors:   A.S. Kutergin, T.A. Nedobukh, A.F. Nikiforov, K.I. Zenkova, T.V. Tarasovskikh
Published: September 2021

The contamination of large volumes of surface waters with radionuclides is caused by the appearance of a significant number of objects that pose a potential radiation hazard. The search and development of affordable, environmentally friendly sorbents for the purification of such waters is an urgent task, the solution of which will make it possible to propose effective measures for the purification of natural water bodies from pollution. The article presents the result of research of sorption reduction of 90Sr radionuclide from aqueous solutions with experimental samples under static and dynamic conditions. Methods. We have defined the strontium concentration range within which the reduced component distribution between solid and liquid phases obeys Henry law. The granulated sorbent distribution index in the Henry area was Kd=(3.46±0.2)•102 ml/g in terms of strontium and this is comparable with the Kd=200 ml/g value of the initial natural glauconite. The obtained value of the sorbent static exchange capacity in terms of strontium in the (10-5 – 1) g/l concentration range is ≥ 4.2 mg/g. We investigated the sorption kinetics in the recirculation mode. We have presented the output curves of the strontium sorption with the developed sorbent in the dynamic mode. The strontium distribution index was at least 2.42 ∙ 103 ml/g and this approximately 10 times exceeded the value obtained under the static conditions. After passing of 900 column volumes of the model solution through the column, no compacting of the sorbent was observed and this confirmed preserving of its hydro/dynamic characteristics and the possibility to use it as a filter loads in ant water treatment systems. Results. The sorbent produced from local mineral raw material is applicable and feasible for use in treatment of the Ural region water bodies contaminated with 90Sr. We have demonstrated good perspective of the natural aluminum silicate glauconite of the Karinsk deposit (Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia) granulated with bonding tap water use as a sorbent for extraction of strontium radionuclide from natural waters in the process of radioactive-contaminated territories.
Epidemiological Features of the Novel Coronavirus Disease
in the Lipetsk Region in 2020
Authors: Ochkasova YuV , Korotkov VV , Saveliev SI , Zubchonok NV , Shchukina IA , Yarkovskaya IV , Khodyakova IA , Bondarev VA
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Due to a high incidence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the Russian Federation in 2020, identification of the regional features of the disease spread has become relevant for understanding of the further development of the development of the epidemic process, organizing and implementing comprehensive preventive measures.
Objective. To study regional features of the COVID-19 epidemic process in the Lipetsk Region.
Materials and methods. We used data from the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Lipetsk Region, notifications by healthcare facilities, summary reports on COVID-19 cases in the regions (Form 1076), and the website (“stopcoronavirus.rf”).
Results. Incidence rates indicated a slow development of the epidemic with a growth rate of 0.68 %. Two rises were registered during the year 2020. Female COVID-19 cases prevailed (154.7 0/000 [95 % CI: 150.95–157.10]). The main risk groups included people aged 50–64 years (212.2 0/000 [95 % CI: 206.4–217.7]), 30–49 years (167.9 0/000 [95 % CI: 163.7–172.4]), and 65 years and older (126.2 0/000 [95 % CI: 121.1–131.0]). Among professional groups, high incidence rates were observed among healthcare workers (547.8 0/000 [95 % CI: 520.83–576.52]) and employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (257.1 0/000 [95 % CI = 214.65–305.41]). Most people got infected in their home (42.3 ± 0.4 %). We established that moderate (39.8 ± 0.4 %) and mild (31.3 ± 0.4 %) forms of the disease with symptoms similar to those of upper respiratory tract infections (47.4 ± 0.4 %) prevailed. The mortality rate did not exceed the national average (1.6 % and 1.8 %, respectively). In general, timely and consistent implementation of comprehensive measures helped influence the epidemiological situation in the region: the epidemic process was characterized by a moderate intensity of morbidity and mortality and had no explosive nature that could have destroyed the infrastructure of the region. At the same time, further monitoring and analysis of the COVID-19 situation in the Lipetsk Region is important, especially in view of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign and subsequent formation of herd immunity.
Assessment of Implementation Efficiency of the System Approach
to Ensuring Safety of Public Drinking and Recreational Water Use
on the Example of the Voronezh Region
Authors: Popova AYu , Kuzmin SV , Mehantyev II
Published: September 2021

Background. Implementation of the Federal Clean Water Project within the National Housing and Urban Environment Project was based on the results of numerous health studies conducted within the framework of functioning of the interdepartmental system of public health monitoring and introduction of the risk-based approach into sanitary and epidemiological surveillance. In this regard, there was a need to develop a comprehensive approach to securing safety of drinking and recreational water use and assessing efficiency of implemented solutions.
Objective. To assess efficiency of implementation of a system approach to ensuring safety of public drinking and recreational water use on the example of the Voronezh Region.
Materials and methods. The study included laboratory testing of water quality in places of recreational water usage, drinking water quality assessment followed by a health risk assessment, a comprehensive evaluation of the extent of sanitary and epidemiological problems in drinking water supply systems, an online questionnaire-based survey of regional residents on tap water quality, a correlation analysis to establish the relationship between population health and water quality, and experimental studies to assess migration of organic compounds from polymer containers into bottled drinking water.
Results. Challenges of recreational water use are associated with poor quality of surface water in terms of chemical (ammonium ion, nitrates, phosphates, and biochemical oxygen demand) and microbiological water quality parameters.
Priority indices of drinking water quality in centralized water supply systems include the contents of nitrates, fluorine, boron, and iron, which are unacceptable in terms of non-carcinogenic risk (HQ > 1). In disadvantaged areas, water quality in centralized drinking water supply systems is considered “extremely poor”. The online survey demonstrated that the majority of the population (30.7 %) prefers to use water filter jugs to treat tap water. We observed significant correlations between the quality of tap and surface waters and disease incidence rates in the population.
We also obtained new data on migration of organic compounds from polymer containers intended for drinking water storage and bottling in case of storage temperature excursions.
Conclusion. Our findings served as the basis for the proposed algorithm of implementing a system approach to securing safety of recreational and drinking water use and for evaluating the effectiveness of implemented solutions.
Current Issues of Epidemiological Surveillance of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B, C, D and Hepatocellular Carcinoma at the Regional Level
Authors: Khorkova EV , Lyalina LV , Mikailova OM , Kovelenov AYu , Ostankova YuV , Valutite DE , Stasishkis TA , Tsvetkov VV , Novak KE , Rishnyak OYu , Kritskaya IV , Buts LV , Tyagunov DS
Published: September 2021

Introduction. To achieve the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis by 2030, it is necessary to assess the real situation, improve epidemiological surveillance and prevention of these infections. Objectives: To evaluate the results of epidemiological surveillance of chronic viral hepatitis B, C, D and hepatocellular carcinoma in order to optimize the surveillance system at the regional level. Materials and methods: We analyzed the incidence of viral hepatitis B, C and liver cancer in the regions of the Northwestern and Central Federal Districts of the Russian Federation over the past 10 years. We also studied the prevalence of hepatitis B, C, D, and hepatitis C virus genotypes (6,020 cases), and examined 465 case histories of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the Leningrad Region using techniques of epidemiological analysis, ELISA, PCR, and statistical methods. Results: We established a tendency towards a decrease in the incidence of chronic hepatitis B and C in all study areas. In 2020, high rates of hepatitis B (26.2 and 9.1) and hepatitis C (49.2 and 39.2) were registered in St. Petersburg and Moscow per 100,000 population, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis D in the Leningrad Region was 6.3 per 100,000 population. Hepatitis C virus genotypes 1 and 3 prevailed (48.9 % and 43.9 %, respectively). A high incidence of liver cancer was established in St. Petersburg, the Pskov and Novgorod Regions. Conclusions: Our findings prove the efficiency of the surveillance system and prevention of chronic hepatitis B and C. The main objectives are to further reduce the incidence rate, screen all patients with chronic hepatitis B for hepatitis D, and use the results of molecular genetic studies and cancer registries for epidemiological surveillance purposes.
Enhanced decomposition of toxic pollutants by underwater pulsed discharge in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and microbubbles
Authors: Matsuura Risako , Kometani Noritsugu , Horibe Hideo , Shirafuji Tatsuru
Published: September 2021

The decomposition of phenol and 4-chlorophenol by underwater pulsed discharge has been examined. The addition of hydrogen peroxide improved the decomposition rate of phenol by about 2.5 times and that of 4-chlorophenol by about 1.5 times. Analysis using a fluorescent probe suggested that the addition of hydrogen peroxide enhanced the production of hydroxyl radicals by about 3 times. We have also examined the effect of using microbubbles on the decomposition of phenol. The use of only microbubbles resulted in a slight increase of the decomposition rate, while the use of both microbubbles and hydrogen peroxide led to a remarkable enhancement of the decomposition rate by about 3.5 times with the conversion of phenol reaching 70% at discharge time of 3 h, which corresponded to the energy yield of 4.39 × 10–9 mol J−1.
Preparation of iron nanosized powder by pulsed wire discharge
Authors: Suematsu Hisayuki , Hayashi Yoshiki , Hieu Nguyen Duy , Dung Do Thi Mai , Nakayama Tadachika
Published: September 2021

Organic matter coated Fe nanosized powders were prepared by pulsed wire discharge. X-ray diffraction showed no crystalline phases except for α-Fe. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and infrared absorption spectroscopy results indicated that the prepared particles were coated by mineral oil. From the TEM results, the particle size distributions were also obtained and the geometric mean diameters were calculated to be from 20.2 to 42.4 nm. The relation between the geometric mean diameter and theoretical plasma/vapor density was close to that predicted by the known particle size determining equation. Saturation magnetization as high as 172 emu g−1 was obtained for the prepared Fe nanosized powder.
Characterization of Nd: LaVO4 single-crystal scintillator emitting near-infrared photons
Authors: Akatsuka Masaki , Nakauchi Daisuke , Kato Takumi , Kawaguchi Noriaki , Yanagida Takayuki
Published: September 2021

Nd: LaVO4 single crystals were prepared and were evaluated for their photoluminescence (PL) and radioluminescence properties. The 0.1% Nd-doped LaVO4 single crystals showed the highest PL quantum yield (36.3%) of all the samples. Regarding the scintillation properties, the Nd-doped samples showed scintillation peaks at around 900, 1060, and 1320 nm owing to the electronic transition of Nd3+. In addition, we estimated the correlation between the scintillation signal intensity and the exposure dose rate of the X-ray in the spectral range from 900 nm through 1600 nm. Among all the samples, the 3.0% Nd-doped sample had the highest sensitivity.
Design and fabrication of photonic crystal resonators for single-mode and vertical surface emission from strain-compensated quantum cascade lasers operating at 4.32 μm
Authors: Saito Shinji , Hashimoto Rei , Kaneko Kei , Kakuno Tsutomu , Yao Yuanzhao , Ikeda Naoki , Sugimoto Yoshimasa , Mano Takaaki , Kuroda Takashi , Tanimura Hirotaka , Takagi Shigeyuki , Sakoda Kazuaki
Published: September 2021

Photonic crystal resonators with the C4v symmetry were designed and fabricated on quantum cascade lasers with a strain-compensated multiple quantum well to achieve single-mode and vertical surface emission at 4.32 μm. Their fabrication accuracy was confirmed by high-resolution reflection spectroscopy. The maximum output power was 10 mW at 77 K. A far-field pattern with a small divergence angle below 1 degree was observed. Its main peak had a donut shape, which was attributed to the spatial symmetry of the resonance mode of the photonic crystal.
The Effect of Critical Thinking Ability, Emotional Intelligence, and Learning Independence on Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa
Authors: Musa Hastuty , Rusli  , Lince Ranak , Gaffar Abdul , Jusnawati
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was conducted to determine: (1) how is the description of critical thinking skills, emotional intelligence and learning independence of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. (2) whether there is an influence on the ability to think critically, emotional intelligence and independent learning together on the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. (3) whether there is a positive influence on the ability to think critically on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. (4) whether there is a positive effect of emotional intelligence on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. (5) whether there is a positive effect of independent learning on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. This type of research is an ex-post facto research which is causality with a research sample of 57 students from class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa in the 2019/2020 school year using the sampling technique using cluster random sampling method. Data collection techniques using tests, questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis. The results showed that: (1) critical thinking skills, emotional intelligence and learning independence of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa were in the good category while the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa were in very high criteria. (2) the ability to think critically, emotional intelligence and independent learning together have an effect on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sunggguminasa. (3) the ability to think critically has a positive effect on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. (4) emotional intelligence has a positive effect on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. (5) independent learning has a positive effect on mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa.
Efektivitas Layanan Bimbingan Klasikal dengan E-Learning melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Project untuk Meningkatkkan Resiliensi Kepala Sekolah di Masa Covid-19
Authors: Athiyah Ibnu
Published: September 2021

[E-LEARNING BASED CLASSICAL COUNSELING SERVICE EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH PROJECT BASED LEARNING TO INCREASE THE RESILIENCE OF KINDERGARTEN PRINCIPALS IN THE TIME OF COVID-19]. This study aimed to improve project learning-based classical service supervision to increase the resilience of kindergarten principals in East Jakarta. This type of research was experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The research subject was the principal of a kindergarten in East Jakarta. The population in this study was 30 people. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling of 30 people. The research was conducted from November to December 2020. The research instrument used was a resilience scale compiled by the researchers themselves, with a validity of 0.308 (Pearson Product Moment) and 0.811 reliability (Alpha Cronbach), data normality test with the Shapiro test. -Wilk (0.318> 0.05). The data analysis technique used parametric statistics with paired sample t-test with (t = .- 36.870, p <0.05). The results of the study provided an understanding that classical services with project-based learning are effective in increasing the resilience of kindergarten principals.
Penanaman Karakter Siswa Melalui Ragam Bahasa dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Bahtiar Ahmad , Mahsusi Mahsusi , Nuryani Nuryani
Published: September 2021

[STUDENT CHARACTER BUILDING THROUGH VARIOUS LANGUAGES ​​IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING ACTIVITIES]. This study aims to describe character planting through the variety of languages used in Indonesian language and literature learning activities in schools. Learning activities are activities that are dominated by the delivery of material by the teacher. In delivering the material, the teacher uses a variety of languages. Therefore, the use of various languages can also be used as a way to instill student character. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The location of this research is Triguna Utama Senior High School with the research subjects of class XA on Indonesian Language and Literature learning. The method of data collection was carried out by direct observation in learning activities and in-depth interviews with students and teachers as well as several parties involved in learning activities. Based on the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that in learning activities, the use of formal (formal), consultative, relaxed, and familiar modes are found. The use of various languages by the teacher is able to create various situations and contexts that take place in learning. The variety of languages used can also be used to instill student character both in the classroom environment and outside the classroom. When the teacher uses language with a polite choice of words, students will also follow. Likewise in other contexts when the teacher chooses to use a variety of familiar languages, students will also follow the familiar language choice.
APLIKASI METODE TRIAGE ”EMERGENCY SEVERITY INDEX( ESI)” TERHADAP KETEPATAN PENENTUAN TINGKAT KEGAWATDARURATAN OLEH MAHASISWA PROGRAM S1 KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Ardiyani Vita Maryah , Andinawati Mia
Published: September 2021

Triage merupakan salah satu skill yang wajib dikuasai seorang perawat yang telah dipelajari semenjak pada masa pendidikan keperawatan. Terdapat beberapa jenis triage, salah satunya adalah metode Emergency Severity Index (ESI). Metode ESI merupakan metode triage dengan prinsip memprioritaskan kegawatdaruratan pasien berdasarkan banyaknya jumlah kebutuhan medis yang di butuhkan. Tujuan pelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas metode triage ESI terhadap ketepatan penentuan tingkat kegawatdaruratan pada mahasiswa program S1 keperawatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode one grup pretest postes dan menggunakan metode purposive sampling sejumlah 85 mahasiswa program S1 keperawatan dengan menetapkan kriteria inklusi untuk menghomogenkan sample. Intrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner kasus klinik dan edukasi bagan ESI. Uji statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test didapatkan p value sebesar 0.018, dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan pemahaman prioritas kegawatdaruratan sebelum dan sesudah pengenalan metode pengenalan metode. Peneletian selanjutnya diharapkan mengaplikasikan metode pembelajaran triage yang menarik dan inovatif serta menganalisa efektifitasnya sebagai sarana pemahaman prioritas kasus-kasus kegawatdaruratan.
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DAN STATUS IMUNISASI DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT PADA BALITA KOTA PADANG
Authors: Rahayuningrum Dwi Christina , Nur Siti Aisyah
Published: September 2021

Proporsi kesakitan Balita akibat ISPA masih merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak pada Balita. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya kejadian ISPA diantaranya yaitu status gizi dan status imunisasi. Balita dengan keadaan gizi yang kurang akan lebih mudah terserang ISPA dibandingkan Balita dengan status gizi normal, Balita yang tidak mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap akan beresiko terserang ISPA. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dan status imunisasi dengan kejadian ISPA pada Balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik kuantitatif pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang mempunyai anak Balita usia1-5 tahun yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya sebanyak 627 Balita,tehnik pengambilan sampel dengan cara accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 86 Balita. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 58,1% responden dengan kejadian ISPA 47,7% responden dengan status gizi kurang 64% responden dengan status imunisasi tidak lengkap. Disimpulkan ada hubungan status gizi dan status imunisasi dengan kejadian ISPA, maka diharapkan kepada ibu Balita agar dapat meningkatkan asupan nutrisi pada Balita yang gizi kurang dan diharapkan kepada petugas Puskesmas agar memberikan penyuluhan kepada ibu tentang pentingnya imunisasi.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERPADU TERHADAP PENERIMAAN BRAND CHOCOLICIOUS
Authors: Yusuf Raidah Intizar , Abdullah Fitriyana
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Komunikasi Pemasaran Terpadu (KPT) terhadap penerimaan brand Chocolicious sebagai toko kue yang sedang melejit di Makassar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif, purposive sampling yang mencakup kriteria familiar dengan brand Chocolicious menjaring 160 responden dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian melalui uji regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa KPT yang meliputi pemasaran langsung, promosi penjualan, hubungan masyarakat, penjualan personal, dan iklan secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi 68,7 persen penerimaan brand Chocolicious, sementara dalam analisis koefisien menunjukkan bahwa hanya periklanan dan hubungan masyarakat yang berpengaruh secara signifikan pada penerimaan brand Chocolicious sehingga kedua hal ini patut dipertahankan dan mengevaluasi strategi KPT lainnya.
Humans are not Machines - Anthropocentric Human-Machine Symbiosis for Ultra-Flexible Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Lu Yuqian , Adrados Juvenal Sastre , Chand Saahil , Wang Lihui
Published: September 2021

Smart
manufacturing is characterized by self-organizing manufacturing systems and
processes that can respond to dynamic changes. We envision the rapid
advancement of smart machines with empathy skills will enable anthropocentric
human-machine teams that can maximize human flexibility and wellness at work
while maintaining the required manufacturing productivity and stability. In
this paper, we present a future-proofing human-machine symbiosis framework that
features human centrality, social wellness, and adaptability. The
essential technical challenges and methods are discussed in detail.
Introduction to Spin Wave Computing
Authors: Mahmoud Abdulqader , Ciubotaru Florin , Vanderveken Frederic , Chumak Andrii V. , Hamdioui Said , Adelmann Christoph , Cotofana Sorin
Published: September 2021

This paper provides a tutorial overview over recent vigorous efforts to develop computing systems based on spin waves instead of charges and voltages. Spin-wave computing can be considered as a subfield of spintronics, which uses magnetic excitations for computation and memory applications. The tutorial combines backgrounds in spin-wave and device physics as well as circuit engineering to create synergies between the physics and electrical engineering communities to advance the field towards practical spin-wave circuits. After an introduction to magnetic interactions and spin-wave physics, all relevant basic aspects of spin-wave computing and individual spin-wave devices are reviewed. The focus is on spin-wave majority gates as they are the most prominently pursued device concept. Subsequently, we discuss the current status and the challenges to combine spin-wave gates and obtain circuits and ultimately computing systems, considering essential aspects such as gate interconnection, logic level restoration, input-output consistency, and fan-out achievement. We argue that spin-wave circuits need to be embedded in conventional CMOS circuits to obtain complete functional hybrid computing systems. The state of the art of benchmarking such hybrid spin-wave--CMOS systems is reviewed and the current challenges to realize such systems are discussed. The benchmark indicates that hybrid spin-wave--CMOS systems promise ultralow-power operation and may ultimately outperform conventional CMOS circuits in terms of the power-delay-area product. Current challenges to achieve this goal include low-power signal restoration in spin-wave circuits as well as efficient spin-wave transducers.
The idea of substantive arts
Authors: Alvargonzález David
Published: September 2021

The Spanish philosopher Gustavo Bueno coined the expression “substantive arts” to refer to those arts that do not serve any immediate, mundane or practical purpose. In this paper, I briefly present this idea and put forward a definition of the substantive arts as an alternative to those used until now. Starting from the assumption that since the end of the 18th century there has been a set of arts that have their own substantivity, I expound on certain criteria widely used as distinctive features to define the substantive arts. I subsequently put forward an alternative intensional criterion to characterize the substantive arts. To end, I draw some corollaries following from the application of this criterion.
Review
Authors: AAVV
Published: September 2021

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Bacillus-based products for management of kiwifruit bacterial canker
Authors: BIONDI Enrico , GALLIPOLI Lorenzo , MAZZAGLIA Angelo , FUENTEALBA Set Perez , KUZMANOVIĆ Nemanja , BERTACCINI Assunta , Balestra Giorgio
Published: September 2021

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is an important pathogen of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), and bacterial canker of this host is managed by monitoring and chemical control strategies. The efficacy of the bio-pesticides Amylo-X® (based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum strain D747) and Serenade Max® (strain QST713 of B. subtilis) was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Both antagonists inhibited different biovars of the pathogen in in vitro assays; QST713 was more efficient than D747. The two Bacillus strains also colonized A. deliciosa flowers (c. 105-7 cfu per flower) up to 96 h after inoculation. D747 persisted on leaves (c. 104-6 cfu cm-2) up to 4 weeks after inoculation, during 2 years in Emilia Romagna and Latium regions of Italy. On flowers, the antagonists reduced pathogen populations, compared to untreated (control) flowers. On A. deliciosa and A. chinensis plants under controlled conditions, Amylo-X® reduced severity of bacterial canker, providing ca. 50% relative protection on A. deliciosa and 70% on A. chinensis. Serenade Max® was less effective, giving 0% relative protection on A. deliciosa and 40% on A. chinensis. In a field trial, on A. deliciosa plants, Amylo-X® reduced the severity of bacterial canker on leaves, providing ca. 40% relative protection. The sensitivity of both antagonistic strains to streptomycin sulphate was confirmed by testing the most used concentration where antibiotics are approved for management of bacterial pathogens.
Adult plant resistance to white rust in Lunaria annua
Authors: CERVANTES Diana , RIDOUT Mary , NISCHWITZ Claudia , NEWCOMBE George
Published: September 2021

Wild plants produce abundant seeds and seedlings, but most die before reaching maturity, and these premature deaths are often caused by pathogens. Major genes for resistance protect some seedlings or juveniles. These selected individuals can become a resistant, mature cohort. Alternatively, plants can exhibit mature, adult plant resistance. These two explanations can be indistinguishable in the field, when epidemics in natural pathosystems occur regularly resulting in annual selection for resistance. This study included multi-year observations of a biennial plant where the distinction could be made. White rust of Lunaria annua, a pathosystem native to the Mediterranean Basin, took time in its introduced range in Idaho, USA, to generate epidemics. After years of minimal white rust, an epidemic occurred in 2017 in which first-year, juvenile plants had 20 times the sorus density of second-year, adult plants. Since white rust incidence had been minimal for years prior to 2017, the greater resistance of 2017 adults over 2017 juveniles may have been due to adult-plant resistance. This could also be due to phenology: adult plants have mature leaves, and are flowering and maturing seed, by the time that white rust begins to build up on leaves of juveniles. The juvenile-adult difference was maintained in 2018. In white blister rusts, interpretation of resistance can also be complicated by the frequency of asymptomatic infections that adult plants would pass on to the next generation. However, we found no asymptomatic infection of seeds of L. annua in our sampling of the Idaho population.
ВПЛИВ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ НА УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАМИ
Authors: Верескун М. В. , Колосок В. М. , Колосок Е. В.
Published: September 2021

У статті розглянуто об’єктивні передумови цифрової трансформації у промисловому у секторі економіки. Визначено, що на межі ХХ і ХХІ ст. сформувалася нова сервісна модель організації бізнесу у промисловості, яка передбачає перехід від одноразового продажу продукту до продажу послуг із його обслуговування і модернізації протягом усього періоду експлуатації. Досліджено особливості процесу переходу промислових підприємств від продуктової до сервісної моделі організації бізнесу. Доведено, що використання всіх переваг сервісної моделі можливе лише за умов використання можливостей, що виникають у підприємства в результаті цифрової трансформації всіх бізнес-процесів і процесів управління ними Досліджено основні тенденції, що є каталізаторами змін у процесі управління промисловим підприємством на стратегічному та тактичному рівнях. Доведено, що на стратегічному рівні основними тенденціями є перехід від вивчення потреб покупця до їх формування та скорочення відстані між виробником і покупцем, що значно скорочує ланцюги створення додаткової вартості, виключаючи з них різних посередників. Досліджено основні тенденції, які відбуваються на тактичному рівні управління, в таких елементах управління промисловим підприємством: розроблення продукції, виробництво, логістика, маркетинг і продажі, післяпродажне обслуговування, безпека, рекрутинг та утримання кадрів. Визначено, що у сьогоднішній структурі виробництва навіть найбільш передових промислових компаній питома вага «розумної» техніки і пристроїв, які спроможні використовувати всі переваги цифрової економіки, не перевищує 40%. Доведено, що такий стан справ призводить до суттєвих проблем в організації процесу управління промисловими підприємствами, адже зрозуміло, що протягом ще досить тривалого часу промислові компанії змушені будуть організовувати виробництво, продаж і обслуговування як «традиційної» техніки і технологій, так і «розумної». Зроблено висновок про безальтернативність цифрової трансформації для великих промислових підприємств, а також про необхідність скорочувати термін паралельного використання продуктової і сервісної моделі організації бізнесу.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Комчатних О. В.
Published: September 2021

У статті розглянуто сучасний стан, особливості функціонування та перспективи розвитку українських транспортно-логістичних підприємств. Окрім переміщення вантажів і пасажирів, транспортні послуги включають у себе комплекс операцій, що не входять до складу процесу перевезень, але пов’язані з його підготовкою та здійсненням, – логістичні послуги. Сектор транспортної логістики складається з трьох основних сфер діяльності: профільної логістики, суміжної логістики та непрофільної логістики вантажоперевезень. Залежно від специфіки транспортно-логістичних послуг, що надаються підприємствами, їх можна класифікувати на транспортні, експедиторські, інформаційно-посередницькі, логістичні, сервісні. В Україні найбільша частка серед транспортних підприємств належить підприємствам змішаного типу – транспортно-експедиторським підприємствам. Незважаючи на те що українські транспортно-логістичні підприємства йдуть у ногу зі світовими трендами, поступово нарощуючи обсяги своєї діяльності та збільшуючи асортимент послуг із координації логістичних процесів і управління ланцюгами постачання, сучасні тенденції розвитку глобального ринку транспортно-логістичних послуг свідчать, що Україна знаходиться на етапі формування та консолідації галузі, значно поступаючись західним країнам за якістю та комплексністю транспортно-логістичних послуг. Одним зі стримуючих чинників розвитку підприємств транспортної логістики є недостатній масштаб їхньої діяльності, український логістичний ринок ще очікують процеси консолідації через злиття і поглинання. Прогнозоване розширення масштабів діяльності логістичних операторів дасть їм змогу залучити необхідні ресурси і тим самим отримати нові можливості для розвитку. Залучення українських транспортно-логістичних підприємств до глобальних ланцюгів постачання вимагає переходу на більш високий рівень транспортно-логістичного обслуговування, зокрема приведення українських транспортно-логістичних технологій у відповідність до єдиної загальноєвропейської системи управління транспортними потоками, що дасть змогу забезпечити підвищення ефективності діяльності названих підприємств.
СУЧАСНІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ ІНТЕРНЕТ-КОМУНІКАЦІЙ
Authors: Шульга О. А.
Published: September 2021

У статті обґрунтовується теза, що традиційні підходи та методи до проведення маркетингової комунікаційної діяльності, що використовують підприємства у звичайних засобах масової інформації, втрачають свою ефективність у мережі Інтернет. Це пов’язано з тим, що в Інтернет-просторі діє інша модель поширення інформації, а також утворюються нові, притаманні лише гіпермедійному середовищу типи комунікацій, що зумовлює потребу у розробці нових методів і принципів управління комунікаційною діяльністю підприємств у мережі Інтернет. Доведено, що весь комплекс маркетингу у середовищі Інтернет можна розглядати як процес, який націлений на задоволення потреб споживачів із застосуванням Інтернет-технологій та управління інструментами маркетингу. Показано, що просування товарів та послуг в Інтернеті відбувається за допомогою набору інструментів, які охоплюють пошукову оптимізацію, контекстну і медійну рекламу, роботу з блогерами та засобами масової інформації, партнерський маркетинг, контентне просування, сайт компанії, контентний маркетинг, email-маркетинг і спільноти у соціальних мережах. Зазначено, що рoзрoбка ефективних маркетингoвих інтернет-кoмунікацій передбачає дотримання низки принципів, oснoвними серед яких є: цільoва oрієнтація на кoнкретних спoживачів тoварів абo пoслуг; відпoвідність кoрпoративних мoжливoстей і oбраних цільoвих кoмунікацій; розвиток адаптаційних можливостей у результаті маркетингових досліджень стану ринку тощо. Зауважено, що застосування методів інтернет-маркетингу націлене на економію заробітної плати працівників відділу збуту і на розширення діяльності компанії шляхом її переходу на національний і міжнародний ринки. Зроблено акцент на відмінностях інтернет-маркетингу від традиційних маркетингових методів просування. Зазначено, що просування товарів та послуг в Інтернеті може здійснюватися за допомогою широкого набору інструментів. Вибір того чи іншого інструменту залежить від типу бізнесу, його розмірів і конкретних завдань, що стоять перед маркетологами. Кожен інструмент вирішує певну задачу і може бути використаний на окремих стадіях роботи з цільовою аудиторією. Показано, що новими інструментами медійної реклами є відеореклама та реклама на мобільних пристроях. Зазначено, що реклама на мобільних пристроях має високу ефективність. Це обумовлено високим ступенем залученості користувачів; широкими можливостями таргетингу; не перевантаженістю рекламою мобільного інтернету; інтерактивною комунікацією з аудиторією; низькою ціною контакту і кліка через малу конкуренцію.
ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ЗАГРОЗИ САМОДОСТАТНЬОМУ РОЗВИТКУ ЛІСОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Пиршін М. І.
Published: September 2021

У статті розглянуто стан розвитку підприємств лісового господарства і лісозаготівлі та запропоновано узагальнюючий підхід до питання визначення економічних загроз їх самодостатності, згідно з яким сутність її може бути охарактеризована як досягнення якісного і кількісного рівня ефективності функціонування господарюючої системи, так і певний стан захищеності від загроз збалансованої, стійкої і стабільної роботи. Визначено, що економічні загрози самодостатності розвитку підприємств – це будь-які обставини або події, які можуть привести не лише до поточного порушення наявних бізнес-процесів, одержання збитків або зменшення доходів, так і втрати гарантій учасникам господарювання на збереження і примноження вкладених активів і створеного іміджу. Дослідження дозволило узагальнити наявні економічні загрози, які стоять на шляху до самодостатнього їх розвитку за окремими напрямами, зокрема у сфері: бюджетно-податкової політики, відносин з постачальниками та підрядниками, ціноутворення на об’єкти діяльності, платоспроможності, ефективності господарювання, автономії, інвестування, окупності витрат, створення цільових резервів, продуктивності праці, впливу інфляційних процесів, формування доданої вартості, приросту ринкової вартості підприємств, побудова системи контролінгу, капіталізації потенціалу та превентивно-профілактичної протидії тіньовій економіці. Проведене оцінювання наявних економічних загроз державним лісогосподарським підприємством із урахуванням впливу реалізації інтересів стейкхолдерів надає можливість отримання комплексної оцінки рівня самодостатності господарювання, що сприяє прийняттю більш ефективних управлінських рішень щодо покращення стану економічної безпеки, стійкості функціонування та розвитку лісової галузі. Подальші дослідження доцільно спрямувати на обґрунтування превентивно-профілактичної, оперативно-інформаційної та прогностичної функцій, які є абсолютною основою забезпечення самодостатнього розвитку підприємств лісової галузі. Це дозволить протистояти ідентифікованим і потенційним загрозам самодостатньому розвитку підприємств шляхом ефективного управління ризиками в процесі своєї господарської діяльності.
Comparison of culture and isolation methods for Clostridioides difficile and other anaerobes from stool samples in a routine microbiological laboratory practice
Authors: Shvydkaya Maria G. , Zatevalov A.M. , Mitrokhin S.D. , Dzhandarova D.T.
Published: September 2021

Objective.
To improve stool sample culture and isolation of anaerobic flora, including Clostridioides difficile in the routine microbiological laboratory practice at the children’s oncology hospital.

Materials and Methods.
A total of 517 stool samples collected from patients in children’s oncology hospital from 2013 to 2015 were studied. All samples were analyzed by ELISA for C. difficile toxins and by culture according to dedicated 5 schemes for isolation of anaerobic bacteria, including C. difficile. Statistical significance of differences in isolation rates between the studied groups (culture schemes) was assessed by Pearson test.

Results.
Culture in liver broth and covering with technical agar followed by culture on anaerobic agar yielded 100% isolation rate of toxigenic C. difficile strains. This culture scheme is also suitable for isolating concomitant anaerobic flora: non-toxigenic C. difficile strains, Clostridium perfringens, other Clostridia spp. and Bacteroides spp.

Conclusions.
Use of the liquid accumulation medium and covering with technical agar make it possible to isolate anaerobic flora from stool samples and increase an isolation rate of toxigenic C. difficile strains to 100% of ELISA-positive samples.