bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prävalenz von leichten kognitiven Störungen und Demenzen in der ambulanten Routineversorgung in Deutschland 2009–2016
Authors: Bohlken Jens , von Stillfried Dominik , Schulz Mandy
Published: October 2019

Ziel In Deutschland wird ein Anwachsen der Patienten mit Demenz von 1,7 Mio. (2017) auf über 3 Mio. (2050) erwartet. Präventive Maßnahmen und Therapien zielen auf frühe Phasen der Demenzerkrankung, wie der leichten kognitiven Störung (MCI). Die Behandlungsprävalenzen für MCI und Demenz der Jahre 2009 – 2016 werden vergleichend dargestellt.

Methodik Datengrundlage bildeten die bundesweiten vertragsärztlichen Abrechnungsdaten gemäß § 295 SGB V. Für die Jahre 2009–2016 wurden in Hausarzt- und Facharztpraxen behandelte prävalente Patienten mit leichten kognitiven Störungen (PmMCI) und Demenz (PmD) identifiziert.

Ergebnisse Die Anzahl prävalenter PmMCI/PmD wuchs von 50 760/1 014 381 (2009) auf 166 919/1 416 319 (2016) und die entsprechende Behandlungsprävalenzrate von 0,13 % auf 0,42 % (MCI) bzw. von 2,52 % auf 3,55 % (Demenz).

Schlussfolgerung Trotz des deutlichen Zuwachses bleibt die Behandlungsprävalenz der abrechnungsrelevant dokumentierten PmMCI weit unter der geschätzten bevölkerungsbezogenen Anzahl von 2,8–3,7 Mio. prävalenter PmMCI. In den nächsten Jahren ist daher mit einer weiteren Zunahme der PmMCI im ambulanten Versorgungsbereich zu rechnen.
Versorgungserwartungen von Patienten mit leichten kognitiven Störungen in einer Facharztpraxis
Authors: Bohlken Jens , Rädke Anika , Kohlmann Thomas , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Rapp Michael
Published: October 2019

Ziel Beschreibung von Versorgungserwartungen von Patienten mit leichten kognitiven Störungen (PmMCI).

Methoden Befragung von 51 PmMCI in einer fachärztlichen Versorgerpraxis. Fragebogen in Anlehnung an die CANE-Beurteilungsskala. Kontrollvariablen u. a. MMST und GDS.

Ergebnisse 35 % bzw 8 % erlebten die Gedächtnisstörungen als mittelschwer bzw. schwerwiegend und 27 % bzw. 8 % fühlten sich im Alltag häufig bzw. andauernd beeinträchtigt. Über 70 % waren trotz der Gedächtnisprobleme ausgeglichener Stimmung. Arztbezogene Erwartungen: Verlaufskontrolle (96 %), Demenz-Risikoabschätzung (73 %), Gedächtnistraining (55 %), medikamentöse Behandlung (33 %). Medikamentenbezogene Erwartungen: spürbare Wirkung (41 %), Bereitschaft, Nebenwirkungen zu ertragen (29 %), Bevorzugung pflanzlicher Medikation (59 %). Nichtmedikamentöse Therapieerwartungen: sportliche Aktivierung (63 %), Gedächtnistraining (51 %) und Ernährungsberatung (37 %). Der Wunsch nach psychotherapeutischen Gesprächen (27 %) war mit höheren Depressionswerten der GDS assoziiert.

Schlussfolgerung PmMCI erlebten Gedächtnisstörungen als Belastung und Beeinträchtigung und erwarteten diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen. PmMCI mit depressiver Symptomatik erwarteten zusätzlich psychotherapeutische Gespräche.
Synthesis of Nonsymmetric Iminophosphonamines by Kirsanov Condensation
Authors: Peganova Tatyana A. , Kalsin Alexander M.
Published: October 2019

Despite the growing interest in iminophosphonamines R2P(NHR′)(NR′), nonsymmetric examples bearing different N,N′-substituents are quite rare and have been prepared exclusively by the Staudinger reaction. We report here the synthesis of a series of new iminophosphonamines Ph2P(NHR)(NR′) (R = Me, t-Bu, o-Tol; R′ = p-Tol, o-Tol, 2,6-Xyl, 2,6-Diip, p-Ts) showing that the Kirsanov condensation is a viable and simpler approach, although with some limitations. This method allows the synthesis to be accomplished in a one-pot manner via stepwise double amination of a trihalophosphorane and permits the introduction of at least one sterically bulky N-substituent. The second amination step is shown to be highly sensitive to: (a) the steric bulk of the amine, and (b) the acidity of the aminohalophosphonium intermediate.
Ablation of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sweeney Jennifer , Parikh Nainesh , El-Haddad Ghassan , Kis Bela
Published: October 2019

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer but represents only a small portion of all primary liver cancers. At the time of diagnosis, patients are often not surgical candidates due to tumor burden of other comorbidities. In addition, there is a very high rate of tumor recurrence after resection. Local regional therapies, specifically ablative therapies of radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, and irreversible electroporation, have proven to be beneficial with other hepatic tumors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and update of the medical literature demonstrating ablative therapy as a treatment option for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Ablation plus Transarterial Embolic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Larger than 3 cm: Science, Evidence, and Future Directions
Authors: Lewis Andrew R. , Padula Carlos A. , McKinney J Mark , Toskich Beau B.
Published: October 2019

Thermal ablation is widely regarded as definitive therapy for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, but its efficacy decreases in tumors greater than 3 cm. Extensive clinical studies have supported improved outcomes provided through combining transarterial embolic therapy with ablation in the treatment of larger tumors. This article will provide a survey of the science and data for combination therapy in both thermal and nonthermal ablation modalities, as well as describe emerging applications.
The Determinants of M-Health Adoption in Developing Countries: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Alaiad Ahmad , Alsharo Mohammad , Alnsour Yazan
Published: October 2019

Background The potential benefit of mobile health (M-Health) in developing countries for improving the efficiency of health care service delivery, health care quality, and patient safety, as well as reducing cost, has been increasingly recognized and emphasized in the last few years.

Objective Limited research has investigated the facilitators and barriers for the adoption of M-Health in developing countries to secure successful implementation of the technology. To fill this knowledge gap, we propose an integrative model that explains the patient's adoption behavior of M-Health in developing countries grounded on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, dual-factor model, and health belief model.

Method We empirically tested and evaluated the model based on data collected using a survey method from 280 patients living in a developing country. Partial least squares (PLS-SEM) technique was used for data analysis.

Results The results showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, perceived health threat, M-Health app quality, and life quality expectancy have a direct positive effect on patients’ intention to use M-Health. The results also showed that security and privacy risks have a direct negative effect on the patient's intention to use M-Health. However, resistance to change was found to have an indirect negative effect on patients’ intention to use M-Health through the performance expectancy.

Conclusion The research contributes to the existing literature of health information systems and M-Health by better understanding how technological, social, and functional factors are associated with digital health applications and services use and success in the context of developing countries. With the widespread availability of mobile technologies and services and the growing demand for M-Health apps, this research can help guide the development of the next generation of M-Health apps with a focus on the needs of patients in developing countries. The research has several theoretical and practical implications for the health care industry, government, policy makers, and technology developers and designers.
The Role of Neurophysiological Monitoring during Complex Aneurysm Surgery: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Brock Roger Schmidt , Gomes Marcos Queiroz Teles , Pahl Félix Hendrik , Dal Col Lúcio José Erasmo , Pereira Júnior José Francisco , Nascimento Clarissa Gambarra Nóbrega , Martins Henrique Oliveira , Oliveira Matheus Fernandes
Published: October 2019

The surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms is a routine operation in the neurosurgeon practice. Complex aneurysms are those with morphological irregularities, usually large or giant; thrombosed, partially thrombosed or calcified; with aberrant fundus/neck ratio and near eloquent neurological structures. These cases demand special skills by the surgical team. The present article is a report of two cases of complex aneurysms successfully treated, with a discussion on the role of neurophysiological monitoring. In these two cases of supra- and infratentorial complex giant aneurysms, intraoperative monitoring was extremely relevant. Thus, we believe that treating complex and giant aneurysms carries several pitfalls, and the use of multimodal intraoperative monitoring is mandatory to mitigate risks and deliver the best result to the patient.
Functional relations in nineteen-vertex models with domain-wall boundaries
Authors: Bossart A. , Galleas W.
Published: October 2019

This work is concerned with functional properties shared by partition functions of nineteen-vertex models with domain-wall boundary conditions. In particular, we describe both Izergin-Korepin and Fateev-Zamolodchikov models with the aforementioned boundary conditions and show that their partition functions are governed by a system of functional equations originating from the associated Yang-Baxter algebra.
Bridging between load-flow and Kuramoto-like power grid models: A flexible approach to integrating electrical storage units
Authors: Schmietendorf Katrin , Kamps O. , Wolff M. , Lind P. G. , Maass P. , Peinke J.
Published: October 2019

In future power systems, electrical storage will be the key technology for balancing feed-in fluctuations. With increasing share of renewables and reduction of system inertia, the focus of research expands toward short-term grid dynamics and collective phenomena. Against this backdrop, Kuramoto-like power grids have been established as a sound mathematical modeling framework bridging between the simplified models from nonlinear dynamics and the more detailed models used in electrical engineering. However, they have a blind spot concerning grid components, which cannot be modeled by oscillator equations, and hence do not allow one to investigate storage-related issues from scratch. Our aim here is twofold: First, we remove this shortcoming by adopting a standard practice in electrical engineering and bring together Kuramoto-like and algebraic load-flow equations. This is a substantial extension of the current Kuramoto-like framework with arbitrary grid components. Second, we use this concept and demonstrate the implementation of a storage unit in a wind power application with realistic feed-in conditions. We show how to implement basic control strategies from electrical engineering, give insights into their potential with respect to frequency quality improvement, and point out their limitations by maximum capacity and finite-time response. With that, we provide a solid starting point for the integration of flexible storage units into Kuramoto-like grid models enabling to address current problems like smart storage control, optimal siting, and rough cost estimations.
Photolithographic fabrication of graphene-based all-solid-state planar on-chip microsupercapacitors with ultrahigh power characteristics
Authors: Zhang Ludi , Liu Linjing , Liu Chunfeng , Li Xiang , Liu Fangshuo , Zhao Wenqiang , Wang Shu , Wu Fengmin , Zhang Guangyu
Published: October 2019

The fabrication of all-solid-state planar on-chip microsupercapacitors with ultrahigh power characteristics was demonstrated by reduced graphene oxide and photolithography technology. In this paper, an ultrathin reduced graphene oxide film with a thickness of 8 nm was prepared by a modified spin coating method that makes the microsupercapacitors have higher power characteristics which appear in high conductivity and fast charge and discharge rates. The electrodes, with a width of 150 μm, are narrower than existing electrodes in the field and fabricated by photolithography. In terms of performance, these microsupercapacitors have an extremely short time constant which is 0.03 ms, a high power density which is 17.94 W cm−3, and an excellent cycle stability with a capacitance retention of 94.6% after 10 000 cycles.
Microfluidic device for on-chip isolation and detection of circulating exosomes in blood of breast cancer patients
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Li Hongjing , Su Wentao , Qin Jianhua
Published: October 2019

Tumor-derived circulating exosomes have been recognized as a promising biomarker source for cancer diagnosis via a less invasive procedure. The integration of isolation and detection of exosomes in routine clinical settings is still challenging. In this study, we developed a new microfluidic device for immunomagnetic separation and detection of blood exosomes in situ. The microfluidic device may empower the integration of target exosome analysis via high surface to volume ratios of immunomagnetic beads and highly precise fluid control with the aid of microvalves. The obtained microfluidic device was capable of on-chip isolation and detection of circulating exosomes within 1.5 h. The captured exosomes could be directly visualized with an inverted fluorescence microscope in situ by tetramethylbenzidine-based colorimetric sensing. It was revealed that a statistically significant increase (p < 0.01) in EpCAM-positive exosomes was captured for cancer patients (n = 10) on the device when compared to healthy individuals (n = 10). The device also demonstrated high predicting accuracy for tumor exosomal markers with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of >95% using receiver operating characteristic curves. The microfluidic device might provide a new platform to assist cancer diagnosis and molecular classification in an automated and simple fashion.
Fast electro-optic switching for coherent laser ranging and velocimetry
Authors: Haylock B. , Baker M. A. , Stace T. M. , Lobino M.
Published: October 2019

The growth of 3D imaging across a range of sectors has driven a demand for beam steering technology. Fields as diverse as autonomous vehicles and medical imaging can benefit from a high speed, adaptable method of beam steering. We present a monolithic, submicrosecond electro-optic switch as a solution toward the need for reliability, speed, dynamic addressability, and compactness. Here, we demonstrate a laboratory-scale, solid-state light detection and ranging system, using the electro-optic switch to launch modulated coherent light into free space and then to collect the reflected signal. We use coherent detection of the reflected light to simultaneously extract the range and axial velocity of targets at each of the several electronically addressable output ports.
Segmented ion-trap fabrication using high precision stacked wafers
Authors: Ragg Simon , Decaroli Chiara , Lutz Thomas , Home Jonathan P.
Published: October 2019

We describe the use of laser-enhanced etching of fused silica in order to build multilayer ion traps. This technique offers high precision of both machining and alignment of adjacent wafers. As examples of designs taking advantage of this possibility, we describe traps for realizing two key elements of scaling trapped ion systems. The first is a trap for a cavity-QED interface between single ions and photons, in which the fabrication allows shapes that provide good electrostatic shielding of the ion from charge buildup on the mirror surfaces. The second incorporates two X-junctions allowing two-dimensional shuttling of ions. Here, we are able to investigate designs which explore a trade-off between pseudopotential barriers and confinement at the junction center. In both cases, we illustrate the design constraints arising from the fabrication.
Effects of a low pressure plasma on a negative-permeability metamaterial
Authors: Navarro Rafael , Liard Laurent , Sokoloff Jérôme
Published: October 2019

This article is focused on understanding of the effect of a low-pressure argon plasma on split ring resonator (SRR) metamaterial resonance. After an experimental characterization of SRR arrays that denies reaching critical density at 2.45 GHz, we present an alternative SRR, called sparse SRR, tunable in resonance frequency, that admits higher plasma density in its structure. This innovative structure is characterized with plasma to search for left-handed material signature. Several plasma effects such as gradients and sheaths are quantified. It is shown that plasma shifts the SRR resonance to higher frequencies. The amplitude of the resonance shift can not be estimated without taking into account the sheath thickness. Moreover, the plasma gradient causes the appearance of several distinguishable dips of resonances. These different effects are studied with simulations, highlighting the difficulty to create a left-handed material based on plasma-metamaterial.
Ultrafast dynamics of acetone photooxidation on TiO2(110)
Authors: Muraca Amanda R. , Kershis Matthew D. , Camillone Nicholas , White Michael G.
Published: October 2019

Using light energy to drive chemical reactions on semiconductor surfaces is the basis for technological applications ranging from the removal of organic pollutants to the generation of renewable solar fuels, yet our understanding of the mechanisms has been hindered by the multistep nature of the process and the wide range of time scales over which it occurs (femtoseconds to seconds). In this work, we use ultrafast laser pump-probe techniques to follow the time evolution of substrate-induced photooxidation of acetone on a titania surface. A UV light at 260 nm initiates carrier-induced fragmentation of adsorbed acetone on a TiO2(110) surface that was pretreated with oxygen. The photoreaction results in the ejection of methyl radicals into the gas-phase that are detected by the probe pulse via resonant multiphoton ionization. The time evolution of the methyl radicals leaving the surface exhibits ultrafast rise times, 300–700 fs, followed by a more gradual rise that plateaus by 10 ps, with faster rates at a low acetone coverage. These results are interpreted in terms of a time-dependent rate expression and a mechanism in which the fragmentation of the acetone surface species is driven by interactions with nonequilibrium, “hot” holes.
A quantum many body model for the embedded electron spin decoherence in organic solids
Authors: Kveder Marina , Rakvin Boris , You Jiangyang
Published: October 2019

We present a generalized nuclear spin bath model for embedded electron spin decoherence in organic solids at low temperatures, which takes the crucial influence from hindered methyl group rotation tunneling into account. This new, quantum many body model, after resolved using the cluster correlation expansion method, predicts the decoherence profiles directly from the proton relative position and methyl group tunneling splitting inputs. Decoherence profiles from this model explain adequately the influence from both strongly and weakly hindered methyl groups to embedded electron spin decoherence: The former accelerates decoherence by increasing the nearest neighbor nuclear spin coupling, while the latter enhances coherence through a novel confinement like’ mechanism, in which the very strong nuclear spin coupling from the tunneling splitting term suppresses those protons on the methyl rotors from participating in the bath dynamics. Both types of influences are successfully proven experimentally in representative organic polycrystalline matrices: methyl malonic acid for strongly hindered and acetamide for weakly hindered methyl groups, respectively.
Effect of hydrogen derived from oxygen source on low-temperature ferroelectric TiN/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/TiN capacitors
Authors: Kim Si Joon , Mohan Jaidah , Kim Harrison Sejoon , Lee Jaebeom , Hwang Su Min , Narayan Dushyant , Lee Jae-Gil , Young Chadwin D. , Colombo Luigi , Goodman Gary , Wan Alan S. , Cha Pil-Ryung , Summerfelt Scott R. , San Tamer , Kim Jiyoung
Published: October 2019

The ferroelectric (FE) properties of 10-nm-thick Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) films deposited by an atomic layer deposition technique were improved by adopting O3 as an oxygen source instead of H2O. All HZO films were annealed at 400 °C for 1 min in an N2 atmosphere after TiN top electrode deposition. Regardless of the oxygen source, the HZO films exhibited the formation of a noncentrosymmetric orthorhombic phase, which is responsible for FE behavior with the suppression of the monoclinic phase. However, compared to the O3-based HZO film, it was confirmed that the H2O-based HZO film was more incorporated with hydrogen derived from H2O, thereby degrading FE polarization and leakage behavior. The results indicate that the strategy of using O3 as the oxygen source is useful for the fabrication and integration of FE HZO films for next-generation memory applications.
Corrigendum to: Effects of forage species and feeding systems on rumen fermentation, microbiota and conjugated linoleic acid content in dairy goats
Authors: Thongruang Saranpong , Paengkoum Pramote , Suksombat Wisitiporn , Bureenok Smerjai
Published: October 2019

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of forage species and feeding systems on ruminal fermentation, microbiota (Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Fibrobacter succinogenes and total bacteria) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of milk in dairy goats. Twenty female crossbred Saanen lactating goats (~35 ± 3.0 kg bodyweight) in early to mid-lactation stage were assigned to a 45-day completely randomised-design feeding experiment, with the following four forage (roughage) treatments: cut-and-carry grass (CG), grazing of grass (GG), cut-and-carry leucaena (CL) and grazing of leucaena (GL; n = 5). All animals were given concentrate equivalent to 1.5% of their bodyweight. The grass used in the study was napier Pak Chong 1 grass (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum hybrid). The results showed that irrespective of the type of forage, grazing goats (GG and GL) had a higher (P B. fibrisolvens, F. succinogenes and total bacteria were significantly (P P B. fibrisolvens (involved in the synthesis of milk CLA), resulting in a higher milk yield, and enhances c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA in goat milk.
Keratinocyte-intrinsic MHCII expression controls microbiota-induced Th1 cell responses
Authors: Tamoutounour Samira , Han Seong-Ji , Deckers Julie , Constantinides Michael G. , Hurabielle Charlotte , Harrison Oliver J. , Bouladoux Nicolas , Linehan Jonathan L. , Link Verena M. , Vujkovic-Cvijin Ivan , Perez-Chaparro Paula Juliana , Rosshart Stephan P. , Rehermann Barbara , Lazarevic Vanja , Belkaid Yasmine
Published: October 2019

The cross-talk between the microbiota and the immune system plays a fundamental role in the control of host physiology. However, the tissue-specific factors controlling this dialogue remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that T cell responses to commensal colonization are associated with the development of organized cellular clusters within the skin epithelium. These organized lymphocyte clusters are surrounded by keratinocytes expressing a discrete program associated with antigen presentation and antimicrobial defense. Notably, IL-22–mediated keratinocyte-intrinsic MHC class II expression was required for the selective accumulation of commensal-induced IFN-γ, but not IL-17A–producing CD4
+
T cells within the skin. Taking these data together, this work uncovers an unexpected role for MHC class II expression by keratinocytes in the control of homeostatic type 1 responses to the microbiota. Our findings have important implications for the understanding of the tissue-specific rules governing the dialogue between a host and its microbiota.
Marathon pacing ability: Training characteristics and previous experience
Authors: Swain P. , Biggins J. , Gordon D.
Published: October 2019

Even pacing within the marathon has been associated with faster marathon performance times, however, little literature has investigated the association between pacing ability during a marathon and a recreational marathoner's training characteristics and previous experiences. N = 139 participants completed an online questionnaire concerning training history in relation to a 2017 marathon and previous long‐distance running experiences. Online databases were used to collect split times of the participants after successfully completing a 2017 marathon, identifying the percentage slowdown in pace between the first half and second half of the marathon, used for correlational analyses. The strongest correlates for pacing ability were marathon finishing time and previous distance race personal best finishing times (i.e. marathon, half‐marathon, 10 and 5 km). There were many weaker, however significant correlates for training history characteristics and previous long‐distance running experience. The current findings demonstrate that greater accrued long‐distance running experiences and higher weekly training volumes are strongly associated with smaller declines in pace during the second half of the marathon in comparison to the first half and less variability in pace during the marathon.
Tumor protein D54 defines a new class of intracellular transport vesicles
Authors: Larocque Gabrielle , La-Borde Penelope J. , Clarke Nicholas I. , Carter Nicholas J. , Royle Stephen J.
Published: October 2019

Transport of proteins and lipids from one membrane compartment to another is via intracellular vesicles. We investigated the function of tumor protein D54 (TPD54/TPD52L2) and found that TPD54 was involved in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: anterograde traffic, recycling, and Golgi integrity. To understand how TPD54 controls these diverse functions, we used an inducible method to reroute TPD54 to mitochondria. Surprisingly, this manipulation resulted in the capture of many small vesicles (30 nm diameter) at the mitochondrial surface. Super-resolution imaging confirmed the presence of similarly sized TPD54-positive structures under normal conditions. It appears that TPD54 defines a new class of transport vesicle, which we term intracellular nanovesicles (INVs). INVs meet three criteria for functionality. They contain specific cargo, they have certain R-SNAREs for fusion, and they are endowed with a variety of Rab GTPases (16 out of 43 tested). The molecular heterogeneity of INVs and the diverse functions of TPD54 suggest that INVs have various membrane origins and a number of destinations. We propose that INVs are a generic class of transport vesicle that transfer cargo between these varied locations.
Structural organization of the C1a-e-c supercomplex within the ciliary central apparatus
Authors: Fu Gang , Zhao Lei , Dymek Erin , Hou Yuqing , Song Kangkang , Phan Nhan , Shang Zhiguo , Smith Elizabeth F. , Witman George B. , Nicastro Daniela
Published: October 2019

Nearly all motile cilia contain a central apparatus (CA) composed of two connected singlet microtubules with attached projections that play crucial roles in regulating ciliary motility. Defects in CA assembly usually result in motility-impaired or paralyzed cilia, which in humans causes disease. Despite their importance, the protein composition and functions of the CA projections are largely unknown. Here, we integrated biochemical and genetic approaches with cryo-electron tomography to compare the CA of wild-type Chlamydomonas with CA mutants. We identified a large (>2 MD) complex, the C1a-e-c supercomplex, that requires the PF16 protein for assembly and contains the CA components FAP76, FAP81, FAP92, and FAP216. We localized these subunits within the supercomplex using nanogold labeling and show that loss of any one of them results in impaired ciliary motility. These data provide insight into the subunit organization and 3D structure of the CA, which is a prerequisite for understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the CA regulates ciliary beating.
Intense sub-terahertz radiation from wide-bandgap semiconductor based large-aperture photoconductive antennas pumped by UV lasers
Authors: Ropagnol X , Kovács Zs , Gilicze B , Zhuldybina M , Blanchard F , Garcia-Rosas C M , Szatmári S , Földes I B , Ozaki T
Published: October 2019

The characteristics of terahertz (THz) radiation generated from large-aperture photoconductive antennas (LAPCAs) were investigated. The antennas were fabricated using different wide-bandgap semiconductor crystals (ZnSe, GaN, 6H–SiC, 4H–SiC and β–Ga2O3) as the substrate. We used an amplified sub-picosecond KrF excimer laser for illumination of the LAPCAs. THz emission scaling was studied as a function of the bias field and the pump laser energy. It was found that the radiated THz energy scales quadratically as a function of the bias field and sub-linearly as a function of the optical fluence for most of the substrates. Further, we demonstrate that SiC, and especially 4H–SiC LAPCAs offer the best THz generation performances. In order to generate intense THz radiation, we fabricated both 6H- and 4H–SiC LAPCAs with an interdigitated structure. From the field autocorrelation trace, it was found that the spectra lie in the sub-THz regime, extending up to 400 GHz, with a peak frequency at 50 GHz, making the bridge between the microwaves band and the THz band. The maximum generated THz energy was 11 μJ, which is to date the highest THz energy measured from LAPCA sources, with a corresponding peak electric field of 115 kV cm−1 and a corresponding ponderomotive potential of 60 eV. Nonlinear THz experiments were performed using these energetic THz pulses, and open aperture Z-scan experiments in an n-doped InGaAs layer revealed a transmission enhancement of 1.7. It was also shown that in order to have efficient THz generation, the energy contrast of the laser must be kept high.
Non-Gaussian and Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill state preparation by photon catalysis
Authors: Eaton Miller , Nehra Rajveer , Pfister Olivier
Published: October 2019

Continuous-variable quantum-computing is the most scalable implementation of QC to date but requires non-Gaussian resources to allow exponential speedup and quantum correction, using error encoding such as Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill (GKP) states. However, GKP state generation is still an experimental challenge. We show theoretically that photon catalysis, the interference of coherent states with single-photon states followed by photon-number-resolved detection, is a powerful enabler for non-Gaussian quantum state engineering such as exactly displaced single-photon states and M-symmetric superpositions of squeezed vacuum (SSV), including squeezed cat states (M = 2). By including photon-counting based state breeding, we demonstrate the potential to enlarge SSV states and produce GKP states.
Possible scale invariant linear magnetoresistance in pyrochlore iridates Bi2Ir2O7
Authors: Chu Jiun-Haw , Liu Jian , Zhang Han , Noordhoek Kyle , Riggs Scott C , Shapiro Maxwell , Serro Claudy Ryan , Yi Di , Mellisa M , Suresha S J , Frontera C , Arenholz E , Vishwanath Ashvin , Marti Xavi , Fisher I R , Ramesh R
Published: October 2019

We report the observation of a linear magnetoresistance in single crystals and epitaxial thin films of the pyrochlore iridate Bi2Ir2O7. The linear magnetoresistance is positive and isotropic at low temperatures, without any sign of saturation up to 35 T. As temperature increases, the linear field dependence gradually evolves to a quadratic field dependence. The temperature and field dependence of magnetoresistance of Bi2Ir2O7 bears strikingly resemblance to the scale invariant magnetoresistance observed in the strange metal phase in high Tc
cuprates. However, the residual resistivity of Bi2Ir2O7 is more than two orders of magnitude higher than the curpates. Our results suggest that the correlation between linear magnetoresistance and quantum fluctuations may exist beyond high temperature superconductors.
Investigation of nanofluid conveying porous medium through non-parallel plates using the Akbari Ganji method
Authors: Akinshilo Akinbowale T
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the study on the Jeffery Hamel nanofluid flow and heat transfer through non-parallel channel taking into account radiation effect. The fluid with porous medium flowing through the non-parallel channel is formulated utilizing momentum and energy equations. Since the model obtained are nonlinear, higher order systems of equations, the Akbari Ganji novel approximate method is adopted in this paper. As reported in the graphical representation of the result, it is depicted that the porous medium limits flow due to increased dynamic viscosity leading to pressure drop while the radiation parameter enhances heat loss through the non-parallel plates. This evidently leads to energy loss. The Akbari–Ganji method is used in this study to investigate the parametric behavior of rheological parameters on the flow and heat transfer owing to its high accuracy. Results obtained in this study compared against analytical and numerical solution obtained in literature shows satisfactory conclusion. Therefore, results from this paper may be useful in advancing studies of nanofluid with porous medium.
Simple electrical motor for elementary school future teachers through scientific work e-rubric
Authors: Hudha M N , Chaeruman U A , Hakim A R , Sundaygara C , Kumala F N , Batlolona J R , Fajaruddin S , Andi T , Yusro A C , Rangka I B , Nandiyanto A B D , Abdullah A G
Published: October 2019

This study aims to reveal on how to teach the concept of electrical motor for college students majoring in elementary education using scientific work e-rubric. The method used in this study is descriptive. The results show that the concept of electrical motor can be taught through simple media and its assessment can be carried out through an application namely e-rubric.
The use of e-rubic to determine energy expenditure in physical activity
Authors: Akin Y , Mulyanto R , Safari I , Fauzy R A
Published: October 2019

In this study discusses the role of google form applications on the internet in determining the amount of energy released by the body during physical activity. It can be calculated in various ways, one of the kinds is by filling out the IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) on the google form application. This study aims to determine the amount of energy expenditure when doing physical activity for Physical Education students with uses descriptive research methods. The sample were students of Physical Education department with total 84 students with determination of the sample in this study is by purposive sampling technique. The results of using the google form application on the internet to measure energy expenditure during physical activity can provide a percentage presentation and effectively can help measuring things of the overall intensity categories found in physical activity.
How to develope primary school mathematics learning media
Authors: Karlimah K
Published: October 2019

Development of mathematics learning media is needed in order to obtain representative mathematics learning media so students can learn mathematical concepts and procedures correctly, easily, interestingly, and fun. Therefore, it is necessary to develop mathematics learning media in order to create representative mathematics learning media so that students can learn mathematics correctly, easily, interestingly, and funnily. For this reason, this study was conducted by using a qualitative approach with the model Educational Design Research based on Mc Kenney’s research design. There are three main stages in his research, namely, (a) needs and context analysis, (b) design, development and formative evaluation, and (c) semi-summative evaluation. This study was started with the findings of theoretically measured aspects and indicators which were then developed by using EDR. The study resulted in four representative media about (a) the place value for first and second-grade students, (b) multiplication for second-grade students, (c) fractions for third-grade students, and (d) LCM, GCF and decimal fractions for fourth-grade students.
Mini photovoltaic system project: Physics laboratory activities through a technology-rich learning environment
Authors: Sunaryo S , Bakri F , Abriansyah M C , Muliyati D
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we describe how to design the mini photovoltaic system project for physics laboratory activities, in which student can use it to get the various information. This proposed system can record several physical quantities at a once, voltage, current, and power for each recording time range. This project uses three types of photovoltaic size, that is 3v, 6v, and 12v. The recording processes using Arduino Uno technology. Each measurement is capable of displaying the recording quantities each time, V-t, I-t, and P-t charts. The time required for recording the data can be adjusted to the design of the laboratory learning. All stored data can be analyzed according to the designed activities by the teacher. This mini photovoltaic system support laboratory activities through technology-rich learning environment.
The design of sound wave and optic marker for physics learning based-on augmented reality technology
Authors: Muliyati D , Bakri F , Ambarwulan D
Published: October 2019

This research aims to design and develop the augmented reality marker of sound wave and optic topics for physics learning. Augmented reality is a technology that can provide visualization and integration a perspective. The develop stages consist of determine the instructional needs and goals, develop the markers, and evaluate the design from peers. This research generated eleven markers: (1) how sound wave made a stress and strain in a percussion phenomenon, (2) the Doppler Effect, (3) the application of organ pipe, (4) the diffraction of the light, (5) the interference of the light, (6) the polarization of the light, (7) how the eyes make object, (8) how the camera make object, (9) how the magnifying glass work, (10) how the microscope work, and (11) how the telescope work. The markers expected to assist in the achievement of the instructional objectives. The peer assessment results indicate that the marker design on sound wave and optic topics supports the physics learning through technology rich environment.
The science encyclopedia based on characters to improve the natural science concepts understanding in elementary school students
Authors: Maryani I , Fitriani I N , Sulisworo D
Published: October 2019

This study is development research aimed to develop a character-based Science Encyclopaedia to improve the concepts understanding in students. The product validation was conducted by media expert, material expert, learning expert, students, and teachers. Data were gathered using questionnaires, interviews, and tests. Then the data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The validation results of media expert showed that the product is in the “good” category (79.80%), the material expert gave a “very good” category (98.87%), and the learning expert gave a “very good” category (86.90%). The total score of 2 teachers is “good” category (79.73%), while 60 students response is a “good” category (85.64%). The effect of this encyclopedia was measured by comparing the mean of the pre and post-test. The mean of posttest score (78.92) is higher than the one of pretest score (64.05). From the t-test, the encyclopedia has the significant effect on the students’ conceptual understanding. It means the Science Encyclopedia can improve students’ understanding significantly. The gain score of the student achievement using the Science Encyclopaedia based on characters of curiosity and reading interest influence significantly to the students’ literacy and concepts understanding in science learning.
Didactic design of circumference and area of square based on Indonesia traditional game in elementary school
Authors: E Nur’aeni L , Pranata O H , Hodidjah H , Apriani I F , Suryati C
Published: October 2019

This research is based on the students do not have comprehensive understanding on circumference and area of square as the students faced learning obstacles while learning the concept of circumference and area of square. The purpose of this study is to overcome the learning obstacle faced by the students. The research method used in this research is Didactical Design Research (DDR) method which consists of three stages, namely the didactic situation analysis before learning in the form of HLT and ADP; metapedadidactic analysis; retrospective analysis by linking the results of the didactic hypothetical situation analysis with the results of the analysis of the metapedadidactic. Data collection techniques used triangulation techniques (observation, interviews, and documentation studies). This study resulted in a learning design in the form of a circumference didactic and area of square based on Péclé traditional games in grade IV elementary school which can overcome the students learning obstacle.
Integration Borg & Gall (1983) and Lee & Owen (2004) models as an alternative model of design-based research of interactive multimedia in elementary school
Authors: Aka K A
Published: October 2019

Interactive multimedia has different development characteristics with other media. This article aims to form an interactive multimedia development model in elementary schools by integrating the development model of Borg & Gall and Lee & Owen. The formulation of these steps is the integration of the development model of Borg & Gall (1983) and Lee & Owen (2004). Borg & Gall focuses on developing new research-based, ready-to-use research products and Lee & Owen that are more specific in developing interactive multimedia products. Through the analysis of the advantages and limitations of each stage of Borg & Gall and Lee & Owen models can be formulated integration steps become as follows: (1) Research and Information Collecting; (2) Planning; (3) Development of Preliminary Form of Product; (4) Expert Evaluation; (5) Revisions Based on Expert Evaluation Results (Revision 1); (6) Preliminary Field Testing; (7) Main Product Revision (Revision 2); (8) Main Field Testing; (9) Operational Product Revision (Revision 3); (10) Operational Field Testing; (11) Final Product Revision (Revision 4); (12) Dissemination and Implementation. The considerations of the researchers to formulate the 12 stages are: (1) advantages of the comprehensive Borg & gall model, with a research-based product development stage and very rigorous testing phases, (2) the advantages of Lee & Owen’s model that focuses on development principles interactive multimedia, (3) the trend of interactive multimedia development research in the scope of elementary schools, and (4) the development of the era that increasingly demands technology-based media for students. The twelve stages formulated by the author above can be adjusted or modified by reducing/adding/changing according to the need to maximize research activities by other.
Teaching styles of the teachers and learning styles of the students
Authors: Ridwan H , Sutresna I , Haryeti P
Published: October 2019

Each teacher has specific teaching styles and varied students’ learning styles that may influence students’ academic performance. The purpose of this study is to identify the teaching styles of the teachers and learning styles of the students. In this descriptive correlational research study, it included the entire 15 teachers and 188 students used simple random sampling. The SAILS and VARK questionnaires were used to determine the teaching and learning style respectively through online. A frequency, percentage, chi-square and Mann-Whitney analysis with SPSS version 20 was utilized in this study. Most of the teachers preferred the Single-Modal teaching style with Kinesthetic (K) preference, while the students preferred All-Modal (VARK) style. There is significant difference between teachers’ teaching styles and learning styles of the students. The researcher concluded that because of the mismatched/not aligned of the teaching styles to the learning styles, the teachers must prepare variety of teaching styles and the students must develop and utilize their learning styles that will allow effective accommodation and adaptation with the classroom and program requirements.
The impact of information technology on the awareness of parents and high school students to pursue the higher education
Authors: Aeni A N , Kurnia D , Djuanda D
Published: October 2019

This research was motivated by the importance of uncovering the question of how the impact of information technology on the awareness of parents and high school students to pursue the higher education, because of the education is an important thing that needs to be fought. Every Indonesian citizen has the right to get education until a high level. Now the acquisition of information about the higher education is supported by information technology. People are getting education information easier, but does the information technology have an impact on awareness of parents and high school students to pursue the higher education? The method used in this study is a survey. Data obtained from questionnaires distributed to 482 high school students and parents in several cities in West Java, Indonesia. From this research, it was found that the impact of information technology on awareness of parents and high school students to pursue the higher education: 1) most parents have the desire of their children to pursue the higher education and the level of education that is most chosen is undergraduate 2) the reason most parents choose to pursue their children to tertiary education is to pursue their dreams. Thus it can be concluded that the information technology has an impact on most parents and the high school students on the awareness to pursue the higher education.
Digital application in teaching musical traditional instrument for children
Authors: Apriani L , Julia J
Published: October 2019

The lack of learning media in the art of music in elementary schools is a barrier for teachers to teach the art of music. When learning music, students are often confused because they do not know the shape and sound of the instrument. This paper aims to analyze the use of Saron Digitals as one of the media solutions for learning music that can be used by teachers to be taught in elementary schools. This research method is carried out through the following stages: (1) introducing the Saron Digital application; (2) introducing the Saron Digital application feature; (3) use of Saron Digital applications; (4) study Saron using the Saron Digital application; (5) evaluating the learning process. The research subjects were grade 3 students in one of the elementary schools. The research subjects were 15 students. The results showed that using students from the Saron Digital application that did not know became aware of the shape and sound of Saron musical instruments. It can be concluded that technology can facilitate learning, teachers do not need to worry about the lack of learning media for the art of music.
Online scaffolding dictionary for children
Authors: Gusrayani D , Tatang D , Handayani S , Suherdi D , Sukyadi D
Published: October 2019

In teaching vocabularies to Indonesian children, scaffolding has not been a preferred choice yet. Teachers tend to use a simple method, write down and remember yet junior high school students require more concrete, fun, and challenging ways of penetrating the idea of new words inflowing their brain. Online scaffolding dictionary for children is purposefully designed to meet that ends. This application is easy to operate, and noticeable even for parents. One click and the children will surf down below merely words, to net their points of understanding. This is a one-click-many-result-innovation. Questionnaire was distributed to the users to find out the responses having activated the application. Teachers and parents were also interviewed. Developmental research is applied to frame all the needs; this new innovation is about to develop further and more sophisticated along with the feedbacks from all users. After designing, developing and evaluating the dictionary through several stages, the application is ready to be downloaded. One important assessment suggested by users that this online dictionary teaches students the process; it strengthens the concept of soft skills to be developed by human—to fight for what is expected.