bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIMULASI HYSYS V12: STUDI PENGARUH INJEKSI MEG TERHADAP HYDROCARBON DEW POINT, WATER DEW POINT DAN WATER CONTENT PADA GAS EXPORT
Authors: Paramitha Olivia Julia , Lusiani Cucuk Evi , Sa’diyah Khalimatus , Noviarto Bonifasius K. , Noersoesanto Eko , Uzlah Pandega I.
Published: December 2022

Dew Point Control Unit (DPCU) merupakan salah satu unit utama yang penting dalam proses pemurnian gas  alam. Terbentuknya metana hidrat di DPCU menjadi masalah utama yang dihadapi ketika suhu operasi  diturunkan serendah mungkin pada tekanan tinggi. Untuk mencegah terjadinya pembentukan hidrat tersebut,  diperlukan adanya injeksi glycol. Jenis glycol yang digunakan oleh Gajah Baru Central Process Platform (GBCPP)  milik Premier Oil Natuna Sea Indonesia adalah Mono-ethylene Glycol (MEG). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk  menentukan pengaruh injeksi MEG terhadap hydrocarbon gas dew point, water dew point dan water content pada gas export di Gajah Baru Central Processing Platform. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software Hysys  V12 dengan model termodinamika yaitu Peng-Robinson. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  flowrate dari injeksi MEG ke dalam gas/gas exchanger mulai dari 0 hingga 13,5 USGPM dengan interval 0,5  USGPM, molar flowrate dari gas process sebesar 72,5 dan 235 MMSCFD, dan tekanan dari Low Pressure  Compressor pada 500 dan 660 psig. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa injeksi MEG tidak memberikan  pengaruh terhadap nilai hydrocarbon dew point. Water dew point bernilai semakin tinggi ketika tekanan yang  digunakan semakin rendah (500 psig) dengan molar flowrate dari gas process bernilai tinggi (235 MMSCFD).  Namun, hal sebaliknya terjadi ketika injeksi MEG semakin tinggi, nilai water dew point menjadi semakin  rendah. Berbeda dengan water dew point, nilai dari water content cenderung rendah ketika tekanan tinggi (660  psig) dan molar flowrate rendah (72,5 MMSCFD).
PRA-RANCANGAN PABRIK SHOWER GEL DARI SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK SAKURA PADA KAPASITAS 75.000 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Amalia Amalia , Dewajani Heny
Published: December 2022

Shower gel merupakan salah satu kosmetik pembersih yang memiliki varian aroma beragam yang memiliki efek  relaksasi. Minyak sakura digunakan sebagai aromaterapi yang mempunyai khasiat tinggi antioksidan dan anti  inflamasi. Shower gel mempunyai zat aktif yang penting yaitu surfaktan sebagai penghasil busa. Surfaktan Sodium  Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) merupakan surfaktan anionik yang memiliki sifat pembusa dan pengemulsi yang baik.  SLES merupakan turunan dari Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) yang memiliki sifat lebih lembut dalam penggunaannya.  Pra-rancangan pabrik shower gel dengan bahan baku surfaktan SLES dirancang beroperasi kontinyu selama 330  hari, 24 jam per hari dengan jumlah karyawan proses sebanyak 120 orang. Proses pembuatan shower gel melalui  beberapa tahapan, antara lain tahap persiapan bahan baku, tahap pencampuran bahan, tahap proses ekstraksi  bunga sakura, dan tahap penyimpanan serta pengemasan produk. Bentuk perusahaan dari pabrik shower gel adalah PT (Perseroan Terbatas) dengan struktur line and staff. Sistem kerja karyawan berdasarkan pembagian  jam kerja yang terdiri dari karyawan shift dan non-shift. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ekonomi dan kelayakan pabrik  diperoleh dari Return On Invesment (ROI) sebelum pajak sebesar 93,70% dan setelah pajak 83,64%. Pay Out Time (POT) sebelum pajak sebesar 1 tahun dan setelah pajak sebesar 1,1 tahun. Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 29%.  Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 56,4%. Dengan demikian pra-rancangan pabrik shower gel kapasitas 75.000  ton/tahun layak untuk dipertimbangkan pendiriannya.
DESAIN EVAPORATOR PADA PRARANCANGAN PABRIK BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK SAWIT DENGAN KAPASITAS 400.000 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Kusumaningsih Nur Rahma Setya , Masudah Masudah , Santosa Sandra
Published: December 2022

Pada proses pembuatan biodiesel terdapat tahapan proses yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap transesterifikasi, tahap  pemisahan mestil ester, tahap pencucian metil ester, dan tahap pemurnian metil ester. Pada tahap pemurnian  dilakukan pemanasan metil ester dengan tujuan untuk menghilangkan sisa metanol dan air yang masih  terkandung dalam metil ester. Oleh karena itu diperlukan desain evaporator yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan  kemurnian produk metil ester yang akan berpengaruh pada kinerja mesin yang akan digunakan dalam jangka  pendek maupun panjang n. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang evaporator pada prarancangan pabrik  biodiesel dengan kapasitas 400.000 ton/tahun. Perhitungan desain evaporator mengacu pada buku process heat  transfer dan buku equipment design menggunakan metode kern dan perhitungan menggunakan bantuan  microsoft excel. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan dimensi evaporator dengan diameter luar 114 in, tebal silinder  3/8 in dan tinggi evaporator 245,7 in dengan alat pemanas tipe 1-shell dan 2-tube. Desain evaporator ini  diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan analisis kebutuhan alat sebelum pabrik didirikan. Terdapat saran yaitu perlu  adanya evaluasi kerja alat evaporator secara berkala guna meningkatkan proses agar lebih optimal.
ANALISIS EKONOMI PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK KIMIA CUCUMBER SOAP KAPASITAS 6.300 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Ningtyas Diana , Hendrawati Nanik
Published: December 2022

Populasi pertumbuhan penduduk di Indonesia merupakan yang terbesar keempat didunia, dan kebutuhan  masyarakat akan sabun untuk kebersihan diri juga semakin meningkat. Sabun ini dibuat dari campuran tiga  minyak yaitu minyak kelapa, minyak kelapa sawit, dan minyak zaitun. Hal ini karena kandungan dari minyak  sawit membantu melembabkan dan memperbaiki jaringan kulit yang kering, sedangkan kandungan dari minyak  zaitun membantu menghidrasi kulit dan menghilangkan radikal bebas untuk mengurangi peradangan kulit,  karena mengandung kadar antioksidan yang tinggi. Selain itu, kandungan dari minyak kelapa senyawa  antiinflamasi dapat membantu meredakan peradangan pada kulit. Pembuatan sabun ini terdapat penambahan  sari mentimun dimana didalamnya mempunyai senyawa flavonoid, saponin, dan polifenol yang berfungsi  sebagai antiseptik dan antioksidan. Pabrik sabun mandi padat yang didirikan memiliki kapasitas 6.300  ton/tahun diharapkan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Evaluasi ekonomi sangat penting dilakukan  sebelum mendirikan pabrik, hal ini dikarenakan dalam merancang sebuah pabrik harus dilihat dari aspek  keuangannya untuk menimbang keuntungan dan kerugian perusahaan tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi  pabrik didapatkan Break Event Point sebesar 52%/tahun, Return On Invesment sebelum pajak 65% dan setelah  pajak sebesar 46% dari modal investasi, sedangkan untuk Pay Out Time setelah pajak didapatkan sebesar 2,2  tahun, dan Shut Down Point yang didapatkan pabrik ini sebesar 42%. Dari hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan  bahwa pabrik cucumber soap ini dengan kapasitas 6300 ton/tahun layak untuk didirikan dengan metode yang  digunakan adalah metode cashflow.
ВОПРОС О РУССКОМ «АРХЕОМОДЕРНЕ» В КОНЦЕПЦИИ А. Г. ДУГИНА
Authors: Кириченко Олег Викторович
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена анализу концепции «археомодерна», выдвинутой известным философом А. Г. Дугиным как идейное расширение понятий «модерн» и «постмодерн». В монографии «Археомодерн» автор показывает себя как западник-неоклассик, продолжатель линии Чаадаева и Белинского. Его критическая и, по сути своей, уничижительная оценка русской традиции и культуры подразумевает ее «молодость», «неразвитость», «задержку в росте и развитии». Причину этого Дугин видит в слепом копировании и следовании западной традиции, отсутствии самостоятельности русской мысли в период Средневековья. Дугин не сопоставляет Восточное и Западное христианство, по-западному трактует процессы Возрождения, Просвещения, видя в Европе образец самостоятельности и полноты вызревания культуры и отступление от своего пути лишь в последний век. Дугин с равной долей искренности отстаивает западническую и антизападническую точки зрения. Причины данного консенсуса двух диаметрально противоположных точек зрения также анализируются в статье.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of «archeomodern» put forward by the famous philosopher A. G. Dugin as an ideological extension of the concepts of «modern» and «postmodern». In the monograph Archeomodern, the author shows himself as a neoclassical Westerner, a successor to the line of Chaadaev and Belinsky. His critical and, in essence, pejorative assessment of Russian tradition and culture implies its «youth», «underdevelopment», «stunted growth and development». Dugin sees the reason for this in blind copying and following the Western tradition, the lack of independence of Russian thought during the Middle Ages. Dugin does not compare Eastern and Western Christianity, he interprets the processes of the Renaissance and Enlightenment in a Western way, seeing in Europe a model of independence and full maturation of culture and a retreat from its path only in the last century. Dugin defends the Western and anti-Western points of view with equal sincerity. The reasons for this consensus of two diametrically opposed points of view are also analyzed in the article.
Долг перед революцией. Подходы к изучению истории португальской антропологии
Authors: ди Алмейда Соня Вешпейра
Published: December 2022

Историю антропологии в Португалии начали систематизировать после Революции гвоздик 1974 г., в результате которой в стране пала диктатура. В данной статье мы рассмотрим, как изучается история португальской антропологии. На эту тему опубликовано несколько значимых трудов, а также отдельные статьи, благодаря которым тоже можно разобраться в контексте. С одной стороны, мы постараемся осветить главные идеи и предметы дискуссий, изложенные в этих трудах, а с другой, предложим возможные пути развития португальской антропологии в будущем.
Study on an advanced borehole heat exchanger for ground source heat pump operating in volcanic island: Case study of Jeju island, South Korea
Authors: Kim Jong Woo , Kim Yeong-Min , Ko Yoon Jung , Chen Qian , Xin Cui , Oh Seung Jin
Published: December 2022

This paper presents an advanced borehole heat exchanger that has been developed in order to apply a ground source heat pump to a volcanic island where the existing borehole heat exchangers are inapplicable by local ordinance. The advanced borehole heat exchanger was fabricated and installed at a verification-test site to evaluate its heat capacity in terms of refrigeration ton (RT). The proposed heat exchanger was also compared with the conventional heat exchanger that was made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) heat exchanger. The thermal response test was carried out by flowing water at various temperatures into the heat exchangers at the fixed flow rate of 180 L/min. The results revealed that the maximum heat capacity for the developed heat exchanger was measured at 63.9 kW, which is 160% higher than that of the high-density polyethylene heat exchanger (39.9 kW). It was also found that the developed HX has the highest heat gain achieving 94 kW as compare to 21 kW for high-density polyethylene-Hx.
“They gotta understand why”: Teachers’ professional perceptions regarding the stimulation of academic motivation in upper secondary school
Authors: Tharaldsen Kjersti Balle
Published: December 2022

In recognition of the need for more research on teachers’ perceptions of motivational work in the classroom, this study explores upper secondary school teachers’ perceptions of how to stimulate academic motivation among their students at a school in southwestern Norway. The data were gathered in three steps. The school’s primary teachers (n = 33) were interviewed by teacher champions (n = 17), that is, teachers that were team leaders for each of the school’s educational departments that were given a specific role in the research in terms of initial data collection. This was followed by two extended focus groups with the teacher champions and member checks for each group. The data were subjected to conventional content analyses using NVivo 12. Then, a focus group was carried out with teacher coordinators (n = 11) aiming to refine preliminary findings. Summative content analyses were carried out, followed by deductive category application. The findings indicate that teachers perceive class management and strategies for supporting students’ learning processes as well as key students as crucial for academic motivation. “Three motivational strategies” were developed. However, feedback and differentiated learning tasks, which are central aspects of motivational theories, received less emphasis. Further in-depth studies exploring concrete approaches to and the evaluating of using strategies for stimulating academic motivation are required.
Development and validation of a radiogenomics model to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer integrating MRI with transcriptome data: A multicohort study
Authors: Chen Huifang , Lan Xiaosong , Yu Tao , Li Lan , Tang Sun , Liu Shuling , Jiang Fujie , Wang Lu , Huang Yao , Cao Ying , Wang Wei , Wang Xiaoxia , Zhang Jiuquan
Published: December 2022

Introduction

To develop and validate a radiogenomics model for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in breast cancer compared to a genomics and radiomics model.

Methods

This retrospective study integrated transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas with matched MRI data from The Cancer Imaging Archive for the same set of 111 patients with breast cancer, which were used as the training and testing groups. Fifteen patients from one hospital were enrolled as the external validation group. Radiomics features were extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI of breast cancer, and genomics features were derived from differentially expressed gene analysis of transcriptome data. Boruta was used for genomics and radiomics data dimension reduction and feature selection. Logistic regression was applied to develop genomics, radiomics, and radiogenomics models to predict ALNM. The performance of the three models was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves and compared by the Delong test.

Results

The genomics model was established by nine genomics features, and the radiomics model was established by three radiomics features. The two models showed good discrimination performance in predicting ALNM in breast cancer, with areas under the curves (AUCs) of 0.80, 0.67, and 0.52 for the genomics model and 0.72, 0.68, and 0.71 for the radiomics model in the training, testing and external validation groups, respectively. The radiogenomics model integrated with five genomics features and three radiomics features had a better performance, with AUCs of 0.84, 0.75, and 0.82 in the three groups, respectively, which was higher than the AUC of the radiomics model in the training group and the genomics model in the external validation group (both P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The radiogenomics model combining radiomics features and genomics features improved the performance to predict ALNM in breast cancer.
Ochrona zdrowia, zdrowie i życie ludzkie jako kluczowe obszary zagrożenia w czasie pandemii COVID-19 w Polsce
Authors: Jaroszewska Emilia , Ołdak Małgorzata
Published: December 2022

The text compares the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the area of health, looking at them from the short and long-term perspective. The fields of analysis selected in this way also included issues such as deficits persisting after the end of treatment or the health consequences of lifestyle changes as a result of restrictions related to the pandemic or the transition to a remote work/study. An important thread of reflection is also the impact of the pandemic on the psyche of Poles in relation to specific socio-demographic features. A particularly important topic was the issue of the health debt and its consequences for the health of Polish society – both in the context of already identified deficits and problems that may arise in the future.
Stosunek do migracji w sytuacji kryzysowej – perspektywa społeczno-polityczna
Authors: Łukaszewska-Bezulska Justyna
Published: December 2022

The aim of the article is to present the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the situation of selected categories of migrants, in particular Polish citizens residing abroad, economic migrants, and persons seeking international protection from the socio-political and media perspective. The article discusses the actions taken toward migrants by Poland and, based on the results of empirical research and media coverage, analyses the consequences of the pandemic, especially in the areas of health, labour market, and social integration.
Improving Land Use/Cover Classification Accuracy from Random Forest Feature Importance Selection Based on Synergistic Use of Sentinel Data and Digital Elevation Model in Agriculturally Dominated Landscape
Authors: Ibrahim Sa’ad
Published: December 2022

Land use and land cover (LULC) mapping can be of great help in changing land use decisions, but accurate mapping of LULC categories is challenging, especially in semi-arid areas with extensive farming systems and seasonal vegetation phenology. Machine learning algorithms are now widely used for LULC mapping because they provide analytical capabilities for LULC classification. However, the use of machine learning algorithms to improve classification performance is still being explored. The objective of this study is to investigate how to improve the performance of LULC models to reduce prediction errors. To address this question, the study applied a Random Forest (RF) based feature selection approach using Sentinel-1, -2, and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data. Results from RF show that the Sentinel-2 data only achieved an out-of-bag overall accuracy of 84.2%, while the Sentinel-1 and SRTM data achieved 83% and 76.44%, respectively. Classification accuracy improved to 89.1% when Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 backscatter, and SRTM data were combined. This represents a 4.9% improvement in overall accuracy compared to Sentinel-2 alone and a 6.1% and 12.66% improvement compared to Sentinel-1 and SRTM data, respectively. Further independent validation, based on equally sized stratified random samples, consistently found a 5.3% difference between the Sentinel-2 and the combined datasets. This study demonstrates the importance of the synergy between optical, radar, and elevation data in improving the accuracy of LULC maps. In principle, the LULC maps produced in this study could help decision-makers in a wide range of spatial planning applications.
Analysis of Operating Conditions for Vibration of a Self-Propelled Monorail Branch Chipper
Authors: Gong Yanchen , Ren Longlong , Han Xiang , Gao Ang , Jing Shuaijie , Feng Chunliang , Song Yuepeng
Published: December 2022

Aimed at the problems of difficult treatment, unreasonable utilization and serious waste of fruit tree residue, combined with the terrain and planting characteristics of hilly orchards, a self-propelled monorail branch chipper was developed. It can realize long distances and large ranges of crushing operations and debris tiling in the garden. Because the monorail branch chipper adopts the half-empty suspension support method, the moving operations and discontinuous cutting of branches can lead to vibration failures or hazards. In response to this problem, modal analysis of a track system with different numbers of nodes by ANSYS software showed that an increase in the number of track sections decreases the natural frequency of each order under the condition of rigid fixation of the support rods, and weakness of vibration is especially seen in sections 1–4, but after a certain amount, the vibrational change tends to level off. The number of lateral rods should be increased for distal short rail branches of less than four sections to reduce operational and operational vibration. The vibration level test results of field multi-condition and multi-point grinding operations showed that the static vibration amplitude of the crusher is basically the same as that of the mobile state. The vibration amplitude of the chipper is significantly increased when in the states from no-load to grinding operation, and the maximum vibration occurs in the left and right direction of the transverse rail, which provides a theoretical basis and optimization direction for further optimization of the single-track branch chipper operational stability problem.
Alternative Approaches to Chemical Thinning for Regulating Crop Load and Alternate Bearing in Apple
Authors: Netsawang Prud , Damerow Lutz , Lammers Peter , Kunz Achim , Blanke Michael
Published: December 2022

In the past, chemical thinning dominated in fruit orchards. This paper for the special issue outlines alternatives to chemical thinning for crop load management (CLM) and its effect on fruit size, firmness, sugar, starch, and weight, indicating ripeness and fruit quality, yield, and alternate bearing. A total of 450 apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh., cv. ‘Roter Boskoop’; six years old) on M9 rootstock were used at the Klein-Altendorf experimental station (50° N) of the University of Bonn, Germany. As the first alternatives, trees were mechanically blossom-thinned at the balloon stage (BBCH 59) with a rotor speed of 320 rpm or 380 rpm at 5 km/h tractor speed or were chemically thinned at the full bloom stage (BBCH 65) with ammonium thiosulfate (ATS), ethephon (ETH), and/or 6-benzyladenine (BA) at 10–12 mm fruit size (BBCH 71) after applying ATS/ETH. Flower clusters and/or cluster leaves (source) were manually removed to determine the optimum sink-source ratio to achieve different ratios of fruitlets (sink) relative to the leaves (source) at fruit set (BBCH 67–69). Un-thinned, adjacent trees served as the control. The majority of CLM methods improved fruit size and weight. Removing cluster leaves at fruit set increased fruit size and weight of the remaining fruit, which has not been observed before. The most effective treatment for fruit size and weight and return bloom was the 75% flower cluster and complete cluster leaf removal. Removal of more than 50% of flower clusters successfully improved return bloom, indicative of alternate bearing. The mechanical blossom thinning had a positive effect on fruit size and weight with a return bloom similar to that of removal of 50% flower clusters.
Beneficial Effects of Biochar Application with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Nitrogen Retention, Absorption and Utilization in Maize Production
Authors: Li Changjiang , Zhao Cunyou , Zhao Ximei , Wang Yuanbo , Lv Xingjun , Zhu Xiaowei , Song Xiliang
Published: December 2022

The irrational use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has become a major threat to soil quality and food security, resulting in serious ecological and environmental problems. Holistic approaches to N fertilizer application are required to maintain a high N utilization efficiency (NUE) and sustainable agriculture development. Biochar is an efficient carbon-rich material for amending soil quality and promoting crop N uptake, but knowledge pertaining to the promoting effects of biochar application on N fertilizers is still limited. In this study, a field plot experiment was designed to detect the combined effects of biochar (0, 15 and 30 t ha−1) and N fertilizer (204, 240 and 276 kg N ha−1) on the soil nutrient levels, NUE, plant growth performance and crop production of maize. The results demonstrated that the combined application of N fertilizer and biochar can significantly decrease the soil pH and increase the contents of soil organic carbon, mineral N, available phosphorus and potassium. The crop N uptake and N content were largely promoted by the addition of N fertilizer and biochar, resulting in higher leaf photosynthetic efficiency, dry matter accumulation and grain yields. The highest yields (14,928 kg ha−1) were achieved using 276 kg N ha−1 N fertilizer in combination with 15 t ha−1 biochar, and the highest NUE value (46.3%) was reached with 204 kg N ha−1 N of fertilizer blended with 30 t ha−1 of biochar. According to structural equation modeling, the beneficial effects of N fertilizer and biochar on the plant biomass of maize were attributed to the direct effects related to soil chemical properties and plant growth parameters. In conclusion, N fertilizer combined with biochar application is an effective strategy to enhance the utilization of N fertilizer and crop production for maize by increasing soil fertility, improving plant crop uptake and promoting plant growth.
Assessing Climate Change Impacts on Irrigation Water Requirements under Mediterranean Conditions—A Review of the Methodological Approaches Focusing on Maize Crop
Authors: Soares Daniela , Paço Teresa A. , Rolim João
Published: December 2022

Climate change is a challenging fact influencing diverse sectors in society including the agricultural one, which is heavily dependent on natural resources and climate. In the Mediterranean region, climate change-related increases in air temperature, and in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as droughts, boost the pressure on the agricultural systems and affect crop yield potential. The growth of the world population implies that production needs to increase in a sustainable manner. Therefore, this study focuses on the maize crop due to its importance for food security and because it is a crop with significant water consumption that occupies a large worldwide area. In order to study climate change impacts on crop production, plant water requirements, and provide farmers guidelines helping them to adapt, it is necessary to simultaneously evaluate a large number of factors. For this reason, modelling tools are normally used to measure the future impact of climate change on crop yield by using historical and future climate data. This review focuses on climate change impacts on maize crop irrigation requirements and compares—by means of critical analysis—existing approaches that allow for the building a set of mitigation and adaptation measures throughout the study of climate.
Impact of Antibiotic Consumption on the Acquisition of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales Carriage during the COVID-19 Crisis in French Guiana
Authors: Lontsi Ngoula Guy , Houcke Stéphanie , Matheus Séverine , Nkontcho Flaubert , Pujo Jean Marc , Higel Nicolas , Ba Absettou , Cook Fabrice , Gourjault Cyrille , Mounier Roman , Nacher Mathieu , Demar Magalie , Djossou Felix , Hommel Didier , Kallel Hatem
Published: December 2022

(1) Background: During the COVID-19 outbreak, several studies showed an increased prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) carriage in intensive care units (ICUs). Our objective was to assess the impact of antibiotic prescriptions on the acquisition of ESBL-PE in ICUs during the COVID-19 crisis. (2) Methods: We conducted an observational study between 1 April 2020, and 31 December 2021, in the medical-surgical ICU of the Cayenne General Hospital. We defined two periods: Period 1 with routine, empirical antibiotic use, and Period 2 with no systematic empiric antibiotic prescription. (3) Results: ICU-acquired ESBL-PE carriage was 22.8% during Period 1 and 9.4% during Period 2 (p = 0.005). The main isolated ESBL-PE was Klebsiella pneumoniae (84.6% in Period 1 and 58.3% in Period 2). When using a generalized linear model with a Poisson family, exposure to cefotaxime was the only factor independently associated with ESBL-PE acquisition in ICU (p = 0.002, IRR 2.59 (95% IC 1.42–4.75)). The propensity scores matching estimated the increased risk for cefotaxime use to acquire ESBL-PE carriage at 0.096 (95% CI = 0.02–0.17), p = 0.01. (4) Conclusions: Exposure to cefotaxime in patients with severe COVID-19 is strongly associated with the emergence of ESBL-PE in the context of maximal infection control measures.
The Common Single Cause of Chronic Multi-Hormonal Resistance in Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wittmann István
Published: December 2022

In diseases with concomitant oxidative stress, chronic multi-hormonal resistances could be detected. The most conspicuous component of these resistances is insulin resistance, but also leptin, erythropoietin, acetylcholine, triiodothyronine and glucagon-like peptide-1 resistances also occur. On the other hand, in oxidative stress, abnormal tyrosines, for instance, meta- and ortho-tyrosine are also produced and incorporated into the proteins through the translational process. In case these modified proteins are components of the intracellular signalling pathways, a hormonal resistance may develop. The above-mentioned hormones, owning overlapping signalling pathways at the insulin receptor substrate, develop an abnormal tyrosine phosphorylation dependent chronic multi-hormonal resistance. A few weeks free of oxidative stress or the use of antioxidant therapy are required to provide a return from this resistance, which return may be further supported by the supplementation of physiological para-tyrosine and by the add-on therapy of a pharmacological dose of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, which is able to bypass the critical insulin receptor substrate signalling.
Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins Confer Cold Tolerance in Rice through Maintaining Energy Homeostasis
Authors: Li Juncai , Feng Baohua , Yu Pinghui , Fu Weimeng , Wang Wenting , Lin Jie , Qin Yebo , Li Hubo , Chen Tingting , Xu Chunmei , Tao Longxing , Wu Zhihai , Fu Guanfu
Published: December 2022

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) are abundant polyphenols found in foods and botanicals that benefit human health, but our understanding of the functions of OPCs in rice plants is limited, particularly under cold stress. Two rice genotypes, named Zhongzao39 (ZZ39) and its recombinant inbred line RIL82, were subjected to cold stress. More damage was caused to RIL82 by cold stress than to ZZ39 plants. Transcriptome analysis suggested that OPCs were involved in regulating cold tolerance in the two genotypes. A greater increase in OPCs content was detected in ZZ39 than in RIL82 plants under cold stress compared to their respective controls. Exogenous OPCs alleviated cold damage of rice plants by increasing antioxidant capacity. ATPase activity was higher and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity was lower under cold stress in ZZ39 than in RIL82 plants. Importantly, improvements in cold tolerance were observed in plants treated with the OPCs and 3-aminobenzamide (PARP inhibitor, 3ab) combination compared to the seedling plants treated with H2O, OPCs, or 3ab alone. Therefore, OPCs increased ATPase activity and inhibited PARP activity to provide sufficient energy for rice seedling plants to develop antioxidant capacity against cold stress.
Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Redox Homeostasis Reprogramming in Early-Stage Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Wei , Qiao Xinhua , Xie Ting , Cai Wenbin , Zhang Xu , Chen Chang , Zhang Yaoguang
Published: December 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignant tumor originating from proximal tubular epithelial cells, and despite extensive research efforts, its redox homeostasis characteristics and protein S-nitrosylation (or S-nitrosation) (SNO) modification remain largely undefined. This serves as a reminder that the aforementioned features demand a comprehensive inspection. We collected tumor samples and paracancerous normal samples from five patients with early-stage ccRCC (T1N0M0) for proteomic, SNO-proteome, and redox-targeted metabolic analyses. The localization and functional properties of SNO proteins in ccRCC tumors and paracancerous normal tissues were elucidated for the first time. Several highly useful ccRCC-associated SNO proteins were further identified. Metabolic reprogramming, redox homeostasis reprogramming, and tumorigenic alterations are the three major characteristics of early-stage ccRCC. Peroxidative damage caused by rapid proliferation coupled with an increased redox buffering capacity and the antioxidant pool is a major mode of redox homeostasis reprogramming. NADPH and NADP+, which were identified from redox species, are both effective biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets. According to our findings, SNO protein signatures and redox homeostasis reprogramming are valuable for understanding the pathogenesis of ccRCC and identifying novel topics that should be seriously considered for the diagnosis and precise therapy of ccRCC.
Novel Insights into Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae against Meat Quality Deterioration Caused by Dietary Aflatoxin B1 Exposure in Chickens
Authors: Yue Ke , Liu Kai-Li , Zhu Yao-Di , Ding Wen-Li , Xu Bo-Wen , Shaukat Aftab , He Yan-Feng , Lin Lu-Xi , Zhang Cai , Huang Shu-Cheng
Published: December 2022

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a group of highly toxic mycotoxins that are commonly found in human and animal foods and threaten animal and human food safety. Total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynaria (TFRD), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, exert multiple biological activities such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation effects. Here, a total of 160 healthy 21-day-old male broilers were randomly divided into four groups: the CON group, the TFRD group, the AFB1 group, and the AFB1 + TFRD group. The study found that AFB1 exposure altered the breast meat quality-related indicators, including meat sensory and physical indicators. Metabolomics analysis further showed that the change in meat quality was closely associated with significantly differential metabolites of breast muscle. Furthermore, spotlighted amino acid content contributes to changes in the secondary structure of the myofibrillar protein by Raman spectroscopy analysis, which was associated with the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in AFB1-exposed breast meat. Meanwhile, dietary 125 mg/kg TFRD supplementation could effectively restore the changes in breast meat quality. Taken together, these results by multi-technical analysis revealed that AFB1 exposure causes deterioration of chicken meat quality and that TFRD may be a potential herbal extract to antagonize mycotoxicity.
Harnessing Redox Disruption to Treat Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Related Malignancies
Authors: Gothland Adélie , Jary Aude , Grange Philippe , Leducq Valentin , Beauvais-Remigereau Laurianne , Dupin Nicolas , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Calvez Vincent
Published: December 2022

Reprogrammed metabolism is regarded as a hallmark of cancer and offers a selective advantage to tumor cells during carcinogenesis. The redox equilibrium is necessary for growth, spread and the antioxidant pathways are boosted following Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production to prevent cell damage in tumor cells. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the etiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma KS and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), is an oncogenic virus that disrupts cell survival-related molecular signaling pathways leading to immune host evasion, cells growths, angiogenesis and inflammatory tumor-environment. We recently reported that primaquine diphosphate causes cell death by apoptosis in HHV-8 infected PEL cell lines in vivo and exhibits therapeutic anti-tumor activity in mice models and advanced KS. Our findings also suggest that the primaquine-induced apoptosis in PEL cells is mostly influenced by ROS production and targeting the redox balance could be a new approach to treat HHV-8 related diseases. In this review, we summarized the knowledge about the influence of ROS in cancer development; more specifically, the proof of evidence from our work and from the literature that redox pathways are important for the development of HHV-8 pathologies.
Parcel Classification and Positioning of Intelligent Parcel Storage System Based on YOLOv5
Authors: Kim Mirye , Kim Youngmin
Published: December 2022

Parcel storage provides last-mile delivery services as part of the logistics process. In order to build an intelligent system for parcel storage, we conducted a study on parcel box recognition using AI’s deep learning technology. Box detection and location estimation studies were conducted using the YOLOv5 model for parcel recognition, and this model is presently being applied to many studies because it has excellent object recognition and is faster than previous models. The YOLOv5 model is classified into small, medium, large, and xlarge according to the size and performance of the model. In this study, these four models were compared and analyzed to perform an experiment showing the optimal parcel box recognition performance. As a result of the experiment, it was determined that the precision, recall, and F1 of the YOLOv5large model were 0.966, 0.899, and 0.932, respectively, showing a stronger performance than the other models. Additionally, the size of the YOLOv5large is half that of YOLOv5xlarge, and the YOLOv5large showed the optimal performance in object recognition of the parcel box. Therefore, it seems that the basis for building an intelligent parcel storage system, which shows optimal efficiency in real time using the YOLOv5large model, can be laid through the parcel object recognition experiment conducted in this study.
A Methodical Approach to 3D Scanning of Heritage Objects Being under Continuous Display
Authors: Kęsik Jacek , Żyła Kamil , Montusiewicz Jerzy , Miłosz Marek , Neamtu Calin , Juszczyk Marta
Published: December 2022

Three dimensional digitization of cultural heritage resources gains a lot of attention from the European Union and the United Nations, which is clearly revealed in current strategic goals and financing perspectives. Existing methodological approaches to 3D scanning in a prevailing number of cases assume that the procedure of scanning is performed in places that are closed to tourists, at least for the time of scanning. However, closing an exhibition for tourists or moving an artifact to be scanned is not always possible. Thanks to the long-term experience of the authors with 3D scanning of cultural heritage, the special procedure was designed for small and medium size objects to overcome difficulties expected in such cases. The procedure has been successfully implemented during 3D scanning of objects exhibited in the Silk Road region (on the territory of modern Uzbekistan), as well as objects being parts of wooden sacral architecture of the Maramures region (in Romania). It was revealed that the proposed procedure was successfully allowed to counteract organizational problems during 3D scanning of heritage objects being under continuous display, and that the achieved results of scanning were nevertheless of good quality.
The Effects of Different Training Interventions on Soccer Players’ Sprints and Changes of Direction: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Dong Kuan , Jeong Guyeol , Chun Buongo
Published: December 2022

Objective: To compare and rank the effects of different training interventions on the sprint and change of direction (COD) abilities of soccer players using a network meta-analysis. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched for papers published up to June 2022. Inclusion criteria: (1) No distinction was made between nationality, region, or gender. No distinction was made between physical activity times or habits. Healthy and disease-free soccer players (age ≥ 18 years old) were eligible. (2) Different training methods and their combinations were used. (3) Groups of either no training or single training, or combined training were included. (4) Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. (5) The outcome indicators included at least one of the following: sprint, agility, and change of direction (COD). Exclusion criteria: (1) studies in non-English were not included. (2) Individual studies, general public studies, literature review studies, qualitative studies, case studies, and studies with unclear data such as means and standard deviations were not included. (3) Studies using the same data were not included. (4) Interventions that could not be statistically analyzed because of insufficient numbers of studies were not included. RCTs that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included. Paired analyses and network meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models. The included studies were assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) metric was used to rank the effectiveness of each treatment and identify the best treatment. Results: The network meta-analysis (NMA) included eleven RCTs with a total of two-hundred and seventy-seven participants and six interventions: plyometrics combined with sprint, agility, and resistance training (P+T+S+A), plyometrics combined with sprint and agility training (P+S+A), resisted sprinting combined with agility training (RS+A), plyometric training (P), resistance training (T), soccer skills, and a strategy training control group (C). P+T+S+A ranked highest in terms of improving soccer players’ 10 m sprint performance (SUCRA = 70.2%) and COD (SUCRA = 75.0%). P+S+A ranked highest in terms of improving soccer players’ 20 m sprint performance (SUCRA = 69.8%). Conclusions: Based on the network meta-analysis, for combined training, P+T+S+A was more effective at improving the sprinting and COD ability of soccer players. In the single training mode, plyometric training was the most effective. To improve sprint and COD ability, P+T+S+A should be chosen. Such improvements may be expected after P+T+S+A interventions for a duration of six or more weeks. However, gender, competitive level, and other factors will affect the assessment results. Given the limitations of the above analysis, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Statistical Shape Modelling the In Vivo Location of Acetabular Wear in Retrieved Hip Implants
Authors: Bergiers Sean , Henckel Johann , Hothi Harry , Di Laura Anna , Goddard Chris , Raymont David , Ullah Furqan , Cotton Ross , Bryan Rebecca , Hart Alister
Published: December 2022

Edge-wear in acetabular cups is known to be correlated with greater volumes of material loss; the location of this wear pattern in vivo is less understood. Statistical shape modelling (SSM) may provide further insight into this. This study aimed to identify the most common locations of wear in vivo, by combining CT imaging, retrieval analysis and SMM. Shape variance was described in 20 retrieved metal-on-metal acetabular surfaces. These were revised after a mean of 90 months, from 13 female and seven male patients. They were positioned with a mean inclination and anteversion of 53° and 30°, respectively. Their orientation, in vivo, was established using their stabilising fins, visible in pre-revision CT imaging. The impact of wear volume, positioning, time, gender and size on the in vivo location of wear was investigated. These surfaces had a mean wear volume of 49.63 mm3. The mean acetabular surface displayed superior edge-wear centred 7° within the posterosuperior quadrant, while more of the volumetric wear occurred in the anterosuperior quadrant. Components with higher inclination had greater superior edge-wear scars, while a relationship was observed between greater anteversion angles and more posterosuperior edge-wear. This SSM method can further our understanding of hip implant function, informing future design and may help to refine the safe zone for implant positioning.
Effects of Near-Infrared Light on Well-Being and Health in Human Subjects with Mild Sleep-Related Complaints: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Giménez Marina Cecilia , Luxwolda Michelle , Van Stipriaan Eila G. , Bollen Pauline P. , Hoekman Rieks L. , Koopmans Marthe A. , Arany Praveen R. , Krames Michael R. , Berends Anne C. , Hut Roelof A. , Gordijn Marijke C. M.
Published: December 2022

Modern urban human activities are largely restricted to the indoors, deprived of direct sunlight containing visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths at high irradiance levels. Therapeutic exposure to doses of red and NIR, known as photobiomodulation (PBM), has been effective for a broad range of conditions. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we aimed to assess the effects of a PBM home set-up on various aspects of well-being, health, sleep, and circadian rhythms in healthy human subjects with mild sleep complaints. The effects of three NIR light (850 nm) doses (1, 4, or 6.5 J·cm−2) were examined against the placebo. Exposure was presented five days per week between 9:30 am and 12:30 pm for four consecutive weeks. The study was conducted in both summer and winter to include seasonal variation. The results showed PBM treatment only at 6.5 J·cm−2 to have consistent positive benefits on well-being and health, specifically improving mood, reducing drowsiness, reducing IFN-γ, and resting heart rate. This was only observed in winter. No significant effects on sleep or circadian rhythms were noted. This study provides further evidence that adequate exposure to NIR, especially during low sunlight conditions, such as in the winter, can be beneficial for human health and wellness.
Microbiological Safety and Quality of Meals and Work Surfaces in Collective Catering Systems in Central Italy: A Five-Year Monitoring Study
Authors: Lupattelli Alessia , Primavilla Sara , Roila Rossana , Felici Andrea , Tinaro Miriam
Published: December 2022

Ready-to-eat (RTE) meals produced and served by the catering system still represent one of the major causes of foodborne outbreaks, especially for susceptible consumers. Despite the great progress in food hygiene and safety, the systematic monitoring of microbial contamination of foodstuff is the most effective tool to ensure food safety and protect consumers’ health. The aim of this study was to perform a thorough assessment of the microbial safety and quality of meals and work surfaces of collective catering systems in central Italy, over a five-year period (2014–2018). In total 11,012 microbiological analytical determinations were performed in food matrices (80.1%) and environmental samples (19.9%). The results obtained show a low level of non-conformities ranging from 2.2% to 6.3% of total samples, concerning both hygiene and safety parameters. A decreasing trend of non-conformities during the years was also highlighted (p-value < 0.05), especially for environmental samples. This study suggests that the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and the proper definition of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plans, combined with a thorough evaluation of microbiological monitoring, are able to ensure high levels of food safety and hygiene.
A Review on Music Interventions for Frontotemporal Aphasia and a Proposal for Alternative Treatments
Authors: Spinosa Vittoria , Vitulli Alessandra , Logroscino Giancarlo , Brattico Elvira
Published: December 2022

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease, characterized by behavioral and language impairments. Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is the linguistic variant of this heterogeneous disorder. To date, there is a lack of consensus about which interventions are effective in these patients. However, several studies show that music-based interventions are beneficial in neurological diseases. This study aims, primarily, to establish the state of the art of music-based interventions designed for PPA due to FTD and, secondarily, to inform the planning of PPA-dedicated future interventions for Italian neurological institutions. The first aim is fulfilled by a review which critically screens the neurological studies examining the effects of music- and/or rhythm-based interventions, especially, on language rehabilitation in aphasic FTD. We found that only two papers fulfilled our criteria and concerned specifically aphasic patients due to FTD. Of those, one paper reported a study conducted in an Italian institution. Most of the reviewed studies focused, instead, on aphasia in post-stroke patients. The results of our review invite further studies to investigate the role of music as a valuable support in the therapy for neurodegenerative patients with language problems and in particular to PPA due to FTD. Moreover, based on this initial work, we can delineate new music-based interventions dedicated to PPA for Italian institutions.