bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peripheral identities on Desert Island Discs and Beti a’i Phobol
Authors: Hill Sarah
Published: May 2018

Beti a’i Phobol has been a fixture on the Radio Cymru schedule since 1987. It is the closest equivalent to Desert Island Discs on the Celtic fringe, and indeed the only such programme in a minority language within Britain. Though not a direct copy of Desert Island Discs, Beti a’i Phobol nonetheless offers a useful comparator to the expressions of Welshness evident over the last 70-plus years of Desert Island Discs. This chapter explores expressions of cultural belonging by Welsh castaways and contextualises their appearances in the history of Welsh political and linguistic struggles, in order to gauge the changing sense of Welshness over the programme’s history and the concomitant sense of Wales within British culture.
Personal Spin F
Authors: Beard Mary
Published: May 2018

Bob Dylan: It’s All Over Now, Baby Blue

Henry Purcell: When I Am Laid in Earth (Dido’s Lament) from Dido and Aeneas

John Dowland: Lachrimae

Eurythmics and Aretha Franklin: Sisters Are Doin’ It for Themselves

Roy Harris and the Pump and Pluck Band: The Man that Waters the Worker’s Beer...
Musicianly lives musically told: Oral history, classical music, and Desert Island Discs
Authors: Cottrell Stephen
Published: May 2018

Musicians form a notably large subset of Desert Island Discs castaways, perhaps because, in a programme devoted to the relationship between music and autobiography, the personal histories of those who actually produce music are thought to be of particular interest. This chapter examines the changing proportions of different types of musicians appearing on the programme, before focusing particularly on interviews with classical musicians, who form by far the largest group of musician castaways overall. I view these interviews as having the qualities of oral history testimonies. They provide not only information on the lives and livelihoods of particular individuals, but also insights into subjects that otherwise risk being passed over, such as the oral/aural tradition of classical music, and the myths and myth-making through which it is in part perpetuated.
Personal Spin I
Authors: Isserlis Steven
Published: May 2018

Franz Schubert: Fantasia in F minor, D940

Robert Schumann: Symphony No. 1 in B flat major ‘Spring’

The Beatles: I’m Only Sleeping

Terry Jones: I’m So Worried

Johann Sebastian Bach: St Matthew Passion

Ludwig van Beethoven: String Quartet No. 13 in B flat major, Op. 130...
Violência contra as mulheres
Authors: Zuchi Camila Zanatta , Silva Ethel Bastos da , Costa Marta Cocco da , Arboit Jaqueline , Fontana Dariele Gindri Resta , Honnef Fernanda , Heisler Eliana Daniela
Published: May 2018

Se buscó analizar las concepciones de profesionales del programa Estrategia Salud de la Familia acerca de la escucha de las mujeres en situación de violencia. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, participante, desarrollada con treinta y ocho profesionales (enfermeros, técnicos de enfermería y agentes comunitarios de salud). Los datos fueron producidos en seis talleres pedagógicos entre noviembre de 2015 y enero de 2016. Dichos datos fueron sometidos al análisis temático. La escucha fue concebida por los profesionales como una práctica que debe ir más allá de lo que la mujer relata, debiendo haber también empatía, sensibilidad, calma y ausencia de juicio, así como cuestionamientos indirectos, en ambiente privado, confidencial y protegido. Los límites apuntados fueron falta de tiempo, demanda excesiva en la unidad, ausencia de empatía, falta de preparación del profesional y vigilancia del agresor. Las acciones y soluciones que se realzan son la valorización y calificación de la escucha como técnica y la organización y planificación de actividades con escucha individual y colectiva. Se concluye que la unidad de Estrategia Salud de la Familia es un servicio en que la escucha debe ser incentivada a través de la cualificación de esta práctica, con miras a la acogida y a la integralidad en la atención de las mujeres en situación de violencia.
O uso da simulação no ensino da técnica de aspiração de vias aéreas
Authors: Salgado Patrícia Oliveira , Souza Cristiane Chaves , Prado Pedro Paulo do , Balbino Paula Coelho , Ribeiro Luciane , Paiva Luciano Cortês , Brombine Nathália Lorena Martins
Published: May 2018

Estudio con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del uso de la simulación en la enseñanza de la técnica de aspiración de las vías aéreas inferiores. Se trata de un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado realizado en una universidad pública federal en octubre de 2016. Muestra de 33 estudiantes, asignados mediante sorteo aleatorio en los grupos intervención (n = 17) y control (n = 16). La intervención evaluada fue la enseñanza de la técnica de aspiración de las vías aéreas inferiores utilizando la simulación (talleres individuales y debriefing), y el control fue la enseñanza de la técnica por el método tradicional (clase expositiva y entrenamiento en grupo). Los resultados evaluados fueron el conocimiento teórico y práctico sobre la técnica enseñada, cuyas puntuaciones máximas eran, respectivamente, 19 y 29 puntos. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva e inferencial. En el conocimiento teórico, el promedio de aciertos del grupo intervención fue de 15,1 puntos y en el grupo control fue de 15,5 puntos. En la evaluación práctica, la puntuación media en el grupo intervención fue de 22,9 puntos y en el grupo control fue de 20,8 puntos. No hubo diferencia en el promedio de aciertos en el conocimiento teórico y práctico sobre la técnica enseñada entre los grupos intervención y control. Sin embargo, los alumnos que participaron en las actividades simuladas reportaron mayor confianza y seguridad en el desarrollo de la técnica en laboratorio. Se sugiere la replicación del estudio con una muestra mayor para la comparación de los hallazgos. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos: RBR-8bsmyz.
Algeria: Nation, Culture and Transnationalism 1988–2015
Authors: Crowley Patrick
Published: May 2018

This Introduction offers a critical political and social context for Algeria 1988-2015. It makes the case for thinking about the idea of Algeria and to its contemporary realities and the need to do so through a range of methodological approaches that are attentive to the weft and warp of everyday cultural production and political action. It argues for the need to read contemporary cultural production in Algeria not as determined indices of a specific place and time (1988–2015) but as interrogations and explorations of that period and of the relationship between nation and culture. Reviewing the chapters that compose the volume it makes the case for a form of enquiry that offers historical moments, multiple contexts, hybrid forms, voices and experiences of the everyday that will prompt nuance in our approach to understanding contemporary Algeria. In particular, it makes the case for the existence of a variety of cultural public spheres in Algeria and their importance to the country’s transition.
In the Shadow of Revolution
Authors: McDougall James
Published: May 2018

This chapter surveys Algerian society and politics from 1999 to 2012, considering the country’s domestic and international situation in the context of the transition from the violence of the 1990s and the regional upheaval of the ‘Arab Spring’ revolutions of 2011. In an era of neoliberalism, generational change, new forms of regional and global connectivity and a renewed wave of popular protest, Algeria’s revolution and the once-imagined future of the Third World that it long stood for remained an inspiration and, at the same time, a long-unfulfilled aspiration. As Algeria celebrated fifty years of independence, the wave of protest and change engulfing the Arab world from Tunisia to Syria largely bypassed the region’s most iconically revolutionary nation. The chapter will consider the long- and short-term reasons for this, and explore how, after the war of the 1990s, Algeria’s political system has been able to maintain a status quo that, however structurally untenable in the longer term, seems capable of reproducing itself indefinitely for the present. Behind the successive revolutionary experiences of the 1960s-70s, 1988, and 2011, remain the unfulfilled promises of the insurrection of 1 November 1954, the unresolved question of establishing the rule of law and that of a state constituted by and for its people.
Algeria’s ‘Belle Époque’: Memories of the 1970s as a Window on the Present
Authors: McAllister Ed
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the ways in which contemporary political subjectivities in Algeria are articulated through socially held perceptions of the recent past, specifically during the much under-researched period of nation-building in the 1970s. This period represents the longest period of stability since independence and was characterised by authoritarian state-led development and considerable regime legitimacy. The chapter posits that the emancipatory promises made by postcolonial nationalism in Algeria during the 1970s are just as important as the decolonisation struggle in understanding shifting constructions of national consciousness and state-society relationships in the present. In addition, this chapter unpicks how this period is viewed through the identity politics of the 1980s, the violence of the 1990s and the neoliberal economics and reinforced state power of the 2000s, as well as through generational change. The chapter draws on a year’s urban ethnographic fieldwork in the working-class Algiers neighbourhood of Bab el-Oued — where many changes in social discourse in Algeria have been definitively inscribed on the urban landscape and uses of urban space. Widespread depictions of past-present disjuncture express past emotional investments in the future and have multiple meanings in the present for different generations. Such practices may be politically neutral but may be utilised by political agendas to articulate criticism of present politics or bolster political legitimacy.
The Persistence of the Image, the Lacunae of History: The Archive and Contemporary Art in Algeria (1992–2012)
Authors: Gillet Fanny , Crowley Patrick
Published: May 2018

In Algeria , the War of Independence (1954-62) and civil war of the 1990s are the two events which have marked the history of the country due not only to the extent of the violence but also the ideological manipulation of both events. The anamnesis effect identified by academic analysis with respect to these conflicts is observed in the production of a generation of contemporary artists for whom memory, in its broadest sense, is no longer about an untouchable past but instead has become a means to construct, and be active in, the present in a way that is not overdetermined by a single notion of identity. In drawing upon the archive — such as film, documentary or photograph — contemporary Algerian artists such as Ammar Bouras, Mustapha Sedjal, Sofiane Zouggar, or Dalila Dalléas Bouzar bear witness to a ‘need for history’ which has to be situated both at a national and transnational level. If, for artists, the use of the archive is as much a mark of authenticity as a reminder of the collective memory, its reappropriation questions the role of the image in the construction of collective imaginary of the post-independent Algerian society. Based on interviews with the artists this chapter problematizes the process of a return to the archive.
Sport in Algeria – from National Self-assertion to Anti-state Contestation
Authors: Dine Philip
Published: May 2018

In Algeria, sport historically played a role in both colonial consolidation (from the 1840s) and nationalist mobilization (from the 1920s). The FLN’s manipulation of sport during the war of liberation would be followed by its use post-independence as a means of state legitimation and national self-assertion. Since 1988, football has additionally been a focus for (continuing) Kabyle self-assertion and (more recent) youth-focused contestation. Such developments have both important diasporic elements and some striking cultural reflections. The international mobility of Algerian professional players (including the phenomenon of reverse migration) is another significant aspect of the broader globalization (or rather “glocalization”) of sport in the country. While football has undoubtedly provided the primary focus for sports-based identity-construction and self-affirmation, athletics is also important in the period 1988-2013, most obviously as regards the abiding legacy of the country’s contrasting — and multiply gendered — reception of the Olympic and World Championship victories of Hassiba Boulmerka (1991-1995) and Nourredine Morceli (1991-1996).
Introduction
Authors: Hooke Della , Hyer Maren Clegg
Published: May 2018

As one of the essentials of life, water was never far away from early medieval consciousness. In Britain one was rarely far from a supply of water, which had many uses. Rivers and their drainage systems were to influence the territorial divisions of England, as will be shown below, offering inroads to vast areas of countryside. Rivers not only attracted settlement, but many were used for the transport of goods, although their courses may have been altered in subtle ways since this period. In a landscape in which man-made drainage was nowhere near as prevalent as it is today, wetlands and marshes were common and might provide pasture as well as act as habitats for water birds that might be taken as food. It was a regular supply of clean water that was essential for settlement, and although water could be drawn from rivers and streams, springs were particularly important sources. Archaeology sets out the material background of living at this time while the documentary records that survive provide insights as to how the Anglo-Saxons and sometimes, too, their predecessors, viewed the waterscapes in their environment....
Marshlands and Other Wetlands
Authors: Rippon Stephen
Published: May 2018

This chapter considers the range of wetland environments that existed in Anglo-Saxon England, and the uses to which they were put, using archaeological, documentary and place-name evidence. It demonstrates that the drainage schemes and canals of Roman Britain mostly fell into disrepair, and that as sea levels rose coastal wetlands once again became saltmarsh environments (over a time-scale that would have been perceptible to local communities). These landscapes were, however, rich in natural resources and in the Middle Saxon period the growing intensity of wetland management is reflected in the digging of drainage systems, changing the relationship between people and their environment. In the Late Saxon period this culminated in the reclamation of some, but not all, wetlands, a transformation of the landscape that would have profoundly affected the daily lives of the communities living there as new patterns of land-use – and therefore annual cycles of living and working – were introduced. Those intertidal marshes that remained were economically important as a source of salt production and rich grazing land.
Introduction: Peripheries are not what they used to be
Authors: Colmeiro José
Published: May 2018

The introduction challenges traditional notions of peripherality as subordinate, marginal or invisible, resituating Galician culture in the new global map. This perspectival shift turns the periphery/center dichotomy upside down: the end of the known world, which we know as the land’s end, can also be the beginning of another one. The periphery could be seen then as the frontier of new spaces to be explored, an area that allows freer experimentation on the fringes of the mainstream, therefore holding a cutting edge position in the vanguard of cultural (ex-)changes. The periphery could also be understood as a border zone where boundaries are porous, cultures, languages and traditions cross, and where tensions can generate creative and enriching possibilities; a space of gravitational tensions, towards and against the center, and of contacts with other centers and other peripheries.
Smells Like Wild Spirit: Galician Rock Bravú, Between the Rurban and the Glocal
Authors: Colmeiro José
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the explosion of Rock Bravú, a popular cultural movement that redefined traditional rural/urban relations and thus remapped modern Galician culture in the 1990s. It examines the convergence between the great indie rock explosion of the Galician movida and the strong Galician folk music revival movement developing in the 1980s, mediated by television. Culturally rooted in the local and the national, Bravú asserted a modern Galician cultural identity developing at the intersections of the old and the new, the rural and the urban, and the local and the global (where the new hybrid realities of the rurban and glocal occur).
Bagpipes, Bouzoukis, and Bodhráns: The Reinvention of Galician Folk Music
Authors: Colmeiro José
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the redefinition of Galician folk music in a global context and its role in the construction of a modern Galician cultural identity. Since the late 1970s the recovery of the Galician musical and cultural heritage has gone hand in hand with innovation, transformation and hybridization. Thus, somewhat paradoxically, one of the key cultural expressions of modern Galician identity, reflected in the distinctness and richness of its traditional music, is a result of a complex process of hybridization: the merging of the old and the new, the rural and the urban, the local and the global, such as the merging of Galician folk with Pan-Celtic music.Case studies of Carlos Núñez, Milladoiro, Luar na Lubre, Emilio Cao, Cristina Pato, Uxía Senlle, and Mercedes Peón.
Tuberculose respiratória: histórico, atualização do diagnóstico e dificuldades do tratamento
Authors: Venceslau Katrícia Fernanda Ribeiro , Abreu Kamilla Dourado de , Andrade Simone Possas , Carvalho Aluísio Vasconcelos de , Rodrigues Fabiana Alves , Guimarães Ana Paula Martins
Published: May 2018

Desde a história do homem na terra a ciência tem conhecimento das diversas doenças que acometem a espécie humana. Uma dessas doenças é a tuberculose respiratória. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão da literatura de caráter qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, utilizando como base de pesquisa artigos científicos com no máximo 5 anos de publicação. Também foram utilizados artigos com publicações anteriores a 2011 com dados históricos da doença. A primeira droga utilizada para o tratamento da TB foi estreptomicina e o ácido para-amino-salicílico no ano de 1944. Para o diagnóstico desta enfermidade, são utilizadas várias metodologias do qual, foram sendo atualizadas com o passar do tempo, transitando entre a simples baciloscopia até a atual PCR. Diante das informações abordadas durante todo o trabalho, conclui-se que, o tratamento da tuberculose em relação aos vários métodos de diagnóstico da doença, apresenta-se sem significantes modificações em sua formulação por um período aproximado de 72 anos.
The acquisition of aquatic skills in preschool children: deep versus shallow water swimming lessons
Authors: Rocha Helena A , Marinho Daniel A , Garrido Nuno D , Morgado Liliane S , Costa Aldo M
Published: May 2018

One of the key factors in the swimming teaching-learning process seems to be the variation of water’s depth.However, there are almost no studies about this topic and the existing ones usually follow a basic approach and with no control of the educational program used. It was our purpose to determine the effect of deep versus shallow water differences on developing pre-schoolers’ aquatic skills after 6 months of practice. Twenty-one Portuguese school-aged children of both genders (4.70 ± 0.51 yrs.), inexperienced in aquatic programs, participated in this study. The children were divided into two groups performing a similar aquatic program but in a different water depth: shallow water (n=10) and deep water (n=11). Each participant was evaluated twice for their aquatic readiness using an observation check list of 17 aquatic motor skills: during the first session (T0) and after six months of practice (two sessions per week with a total of 48 sessions) (T1). The aquatic proficiency on each skill was compared between the groups and a stepwise discriminant analysis was conducted to predict the conditions with higher or lower aquatic competence. Results suggested that swimming practice contributed positively to improvements on several basic aquatic skills, in both groups. The results showed that shallow water group managed to acquire a higher degree of aquatic competence particularly in five basic aquatic skills (p< .05): breath control combined with face immersion and eye opening; horizontal buoyancy; body position at ventral gliding; body position at dorsal gliding; leg kick with breath control at ventral body position, without any flutter device. The discriminant function revealed a significant association between both groups and four included factors (aquatic skills) (p< .001), accounting for 88% between group variability. The body position at ventral gliding was the main relevant predictor (r=0.535). Shallow water swimming lessons generated greater aquatic competence in preschool children after a period of 6 months of practice.
Replanteamiento de fondo en la enseñanza de la filosofía: temas y apropiación
Authors: Velásquez Giraldo Carla Isabel
Published: May 2018

Deeply rethinking the teaching of philosophy: problems and appropriationResumen: ¿Para qué sirve la filosofía? es la pregunta que se hace desde fuera de la comunidad filosófica y cuya respuesta puede abrir puertas o poner serios obstáculos a su consolidación como asignatura. El permanente cuestionamiento externo por la “falta de utilidad” y la constante labor apologética que genera, parecen ser un indicio de que la filosofía requiere innovación en algunos aspectos de su enseñanza. A fin de contribuir con este esfuerzo es imprescindible identificar los problemas, y se determina que la falta de interacción con la ciencia puede ser uno de ellos. Se presentan dos ideas que se enlazan metodológicamente con este cambio de enfoque: una es poner el énfasis en los problemas filosóficos y no en autores; y la otra es facilitar que los estudiantes se apropien intelectualmente de la filosofía como elemento constitutivo de su pensamiento. Ambas ideas se implementarían sobre el trasfondo de establecer una relación estrecha con la ciencia, así como realizar cambios en la didáctica. Abstract: How is philosophy useful? is the question posed from outside the philosophical community and whose answer can either open doors or become a serious obstacle to its consolidation as a subject. The constant external questioning regarding its “lack of usefulness”, and the apologetic task it generates, seem to be an indication that philosophy requires innovation in some aspects of its teaching. In order to contribute to this effort it is essential to identify the problems, and it is determined that the lack of interaction with science may be one of them. Two ideas which are methodologically linked to this change of approach are presented: one is to underscore the philosophical problems and not the authors; and the other one is to enable the students to appropriate philosophy intellectually as a constitutive element of their thinking. Both ideas would be implemented on the basis of establishing a close relation with science, as well as making some changes in didactics. Palabras clave: educación, innovación, filosofía, ciencia, problema, apropiación. Keywords: education, innovation, philosophy, science, problem, appropriation.
Sobre las alternativas robustas contextuales
Authors: Patarroyo G. Carlos G.
Published: May 2018

On Contextual Robust Alternatives

Resumen: En su libro El libre albedrío: un estudio filosófico Carlos Moya presenta una objeción a los contraejemplos tipo-Frankfurt según la cual lo que hace que una alternativa sea robusta o no es el contexto en el que se encuentra el agente; así, alternativas que, en principio, no se verían como robustas y eximentes, pueden llegar a serlo en circunstancias especiales y los contraejemplos tipo-Frankfurt presentan, justamente, este tipo de circunstancias. En este escrito presento tres objeciones al brillante argumento de Moya. En primer lugar, defiendo que no es claro que la alternativa que él considera robusta esté cumpliendo el papel de soportar, al menos en parte, la atribución de culpa del agente. En segundo lugar, retomo la respuesta que Moya ha dado a una crítica de Pereboom quien lo acusa de presuponer en el seno de su argumento al principio de posibilidades alternativas y, por ende, de caer en una petición de principio. Defiendo que la respuesta que ha dado Moya no le permite eludir la crítica de Pereboom. Finalmente, ofrezco una consideración acerca de cómo podría desarticularse la propuesta de Moya si se logra presentar un contraejemplo tipo-Frankfurt de corte determinista. 
Palabras clave: Alternativas robustas, contexto, contraejemplos tipo-Frankfurt, Principio de posibilidades alternativas, determinismo. 
 
Abstract: In his book El libre albedrío: un estudio filosófico Carlos Moya presents an argument against Frankfurt-Style cases according to which what makes an alternative robust and exempting is a matter of the context in which the agent finds himself; thus, alternatives that don’t seem to be robust can become robust and exempting in certain special circumstances, and Frankfurt scenarios present just such circumstances. In this paper I offer three objections to Moya’s brilliant argument. First, I defend that it is not clear that the alternative Moya finds in such cases is doing the work of grounding, at least partially, the attribution of blame to the agent. Secondly, I examine a reply Moya gives to a critique made by Pereboom according to which Moya’s argument presupposes the principle of alternative possibilities and thus begs the question against the compatibilist. I defend that Moya’s response is insufficient to elude Pereboom critique. Finally, I defend that Moya’s strategy can be disarticulated if a deterministic Frankfurt-case can be presented. 
Keywords: Robust alternatives, context, Frankfurt-style cases, Principle of alternative possibilities, determinism.
Small state survival and proliferation in twentieth-century systems of collective security and global governance, 1919–2016
Authors: Maass Matthias
Published: May 2018

How did the small state fare in the 20th century? As it turns out, small states did remarkably well. Surprisingly enough, during the height of the Cold War small state proliferation doubled their total number.
The 20th century’s international-political environment became highly permissive of small state survival and in fact strongly supportive of small state proliferation. As a result, the 20th century witnessed the reversal of the centuries-old downward trend in small state numbers.
The early 20th century saw the introduction of collective action and security and the beginnings of global governance. After the Second World War, the system evolved further towards global governance but was challenged by the end of the Cold War and rise of global terrorism. The chapter demonstrates how these changes were critical factors in shaping a corresponding story of small state survival. The highly permissive environment of the Cold War and its era of decolonization are given particular attention.
As You Like It
Authors: Shaughnessy Robert
Published: May 2018

This book examines the modern performance history of one of Shakespeare’s best-loved and most enduring comedies, and one that has given opportunities for generations of theatre-makers and theatre-goers to explore the pleasures of pastoral, gender masquerade and sexual ambiguity. Powered by Shakespeare’s greatest female comic role, the play invites us into a deeply English woodland that has also been imagined as a space of dreams. Beginning with the situation of the play in the context of early modern rehearsal and theatre practice, the book’s seven chapters successively examine the rich interplay between performance histories, changing relations with the natural world, and gender politics.
Hunting for Arden in Warwickshire
Authors: Shaughnessy Robert
Published: May 2018

This chapter covers the history of the play in performance at Stratford-upon-Avon, first at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, and after 1960 under the auspices of the Royal Shakespeare Company, up until 1961. It focuses first on Nigel Playfair’s notorious decision in 1919 to banish the stuffed stag that had been ceremonially paraded in every production since 1879, as a means of introducing the dynamics of tradition and innovation that have informed the play’s performance history. The second part of the chapter examines Vanessa Redgrave’s legendary 1961 Rosalind, and the 1963 BBC Television film of her performance.
Love and the world: marriage and McGahern’s late vision
Authors: Doyle Máire
Published: May 2018

McGahern’s final short story collection,Creatures of the Earth, was published posthumously. It includes two stories that had not previously appeared in his collections: the title story ‘Creatures of the Earth’ and ‘Love of the World’. This chapter explores the two stories through the prism of love and marriage and their role in the search for authenticity. The chapter asks whether these stories of contrasting mature and youthful alliances offer new insights into McGahern’s vision of community, society and the individual’s relationship to both. This exploration is informed by the ideas of the public and private realm, advanced by Hannah Arendt. The chapter also asks whether these stories, when examined alongside the final novel, That They May Face the Rising Sun, might be viewed as a kind of trilogy that anticipates a dystopian world order wrought through the supremacy of the individual.
Scheduling race
Authors: Saha Anamik
Published: May 2018

This chapter argues, following Garnham’s lead, that the scheduling of ‘minority programming’ and the commitment to finding, or rather, creating audiences for this type of programming is a much more crucial moment in the cultural process than receiving the commission to make the programme in the first place. The relatively small amount of research literature stresses the process of scheduling as an ‘art form’, or as Jonathan Ellis puts it, the last creative act. But this chapter goes further and emphasises the ideological role of scheduling – specifically in relation to the representation of racialised minorities. Using a case study of British South Asian television workers reflecting on their experience of scheduling, the narrative demonstrates how this consideration is neglected and particularly opaque within a stage of production that has a determining effect on the recognition and representation of minorities on television.
Conclusion: Revisiting the epistemology of anarchist movements
Authors: Williams Dana M.
Published: May 2018

Numerous conclusions can be drawn from preceding chapters. These conclusions include: anarchist movements are legitimately and empirically social movements; anarchists and their organizations are diverse, geographically dispersed, and have pronounced connections to past anarchists and their organizations; theories like political opportunity, new social movements, and social capital help to illuminate the variation and functioning of anarchist movements; and anarchists use a variety of techniques to successfully operate with non-anarchists, without compromising their ideological integrity. Then, a larger and more serious question needs to be asked by researchers who are sympathetic to their research subjects: can having an intimate, empirical understanding of a movement be bad for the movement and good for governments (and other agents of social control)? Or, hopefully, will the benefits of greater knowledge outweigh any negative outcomes? Finally, although research is never perfect or universally-generalizable, it may sometimes (and its best instances) be practical and useful to activists.
Thinking through feeling: critical theory and the affective turn
Authors: Mussell Simon
Published: May 2018

Chapter 1 sets out the theoretical terrain on which the wider project is based. It begins by revisiting some of the founding tenets of critical theory in the context of the establishment of the Institute for Social Research in the early twentieth century. The chapter then discusses contemporary theories of affect that have emerged in the past couple of decades as part of the so-called ‘new materialisms’. Taking on board some of the key findings of this recent work on affect, the author also highlights the potential political deficiencies that accompany such accounts, particularly within a growing ‘post-critical’ context. The chapter closes with suggestions as to how early critical theory – read through an affective lens – might provide the social and political grounding that affect theory often lacks, while at the same time noting how theories of affect are invaluable in shedding light on the efficacy of the pre- or extra-rational, so often sacrificed on the altar of political philosophy.
Coda
Authors: Mussell Simon
Published: May 2018

In lieu of a summary restatement of the preceding chapters, it seems more appropriate to finish by considering the role of affective politics in our contemporary moment. Much has already been written about 2016 marking a uniquely turbulent year of political upheaval, expressive of widespread discontent with the ‘establishment’, elites, and experts. What might a critical theory of affect have to say in response to the ostensibly seismic political events encompassed in Brexit, Donald Trump, and our supposedly new ‘post-truth’ age? Let us take the last feature as a starting point, because in unpacking the covert presuppositions of the very notion of a ‘post-truth’ politics, one can begin to better understand not only why the votes for Brexit and Trump actually came to pass, but also why they were unforeseen by so many commentators and pollsters....
Militant’s laboratory: Liverpool City Council’s struggle with the Thatcher Government
Authors: Pye Neil
Published: May 2018

This chapter considers how, during the 1960s and 1970s, the far left Militant Tendency, also known as the Revolutionary Socialist League, developed a power-base in Liverpool politics from where it could take control of the local Labour Party and Liverpool City Council by the early 1980s. The chapter uses local archives and central government sources to analyse the struggle between the Militant-led Labour-run City Council and Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative Government over Liverpool’s finances at a time when the city-region was on the verge of a social, economic and political nervous breakdown. The discussion also examines how the fallout from Militant’s experiment in Democratic Centralism called into question the existence of the Labour Party, and how this led to a watershed moment which changed the face of the party.
The quiet novel of cognition
Authors: Sykes Rachel
Published: May 2018

This chapter argues that cognitive fictions expand the focus of the quiet novel, uncovering the complex and often discordant recesses of human consciousness and challenging the traditional division between what is internally and externally felt. This chapter connects the discussion of a quiet aesthetic with early twenty-first century debates about the place of cognitive approaches within literary studies. Indeed, the novel of cognition also recalls the modernist ‘stream’ or ‘novel of consciousness’ whose rich and ambiguous history overlaps with the quiet novels discussed throughout this study.
The novel of ‘(dis)quiet’
Authors: Sykes Rachel
Published: May 2018

This chapter asks what happens to ‘the quiet novel’ in the noisy environment of the city. Through a discussion of two strikingly similar debut novels by Teju Cole and Ben Lerner, this chapter first examines historical and cultural notions of urban noise and, second, asks how Cole and Lerner integrate the din of the city into the body of their quiet texts. In this, the chapter asks what kinds of information can be read as quiet and what exactly determines a novel’s volume.
Introduction
Authors: Smith Evan , Worley Matthew
Published: May 2018

While putting together our second edited volume dedicated to the history the British far left, we have witnessed nearly two years of Jeremy Corbyn’s stint as leader of the Labour Party (in fact, the final touches to this volume are being added on 9 June 2017, the day after Labour’s electoral surge under Corbyn). This has, in turn, brought a renewed interest in the far left’s history....
Revolutionary vanguard or agent provocateur
Authors: Burkett Jodi
Published: May 2018

The far left were an important force on English University and Polytechnic campuses in the 1970s and 1980s but they did not control or direct student politics. By exploring the debates within the far left about students and the role of student activism this chapter sheds new light on the functioning of the far left within the student milieu. It also examines student politics in this period which, to date, have been under-researched. Many student political leaders in this period went on to important roles in mainstream politics. In exploring student politics we can, therefore, gain a greater understanding of British politics, society and culture in this period when Higher Education was changing rapidly and becoming increasingly open to the ‘masses’.
Protest and survive
Authors: Arnold Jacquelyn
Published: May 2018

This chapter offers a critical investigation into the ways in which the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) sought to undermine the official narrative of nuclear weapons and civil defence policy of successive British governments during the last two decades of the Cold War.  The first part of the chapter explores the ways in which CND used the tools of propaganda and parody to turn government advice and publicity surrounding policies of public protection against itself. The second part of the chapter investigates to what extent CND’s activism presented a threat to the process of policy making and to what effect the co-ordinated anti-nuclear campaign by CND and related groups was a cause of anxiety for civil defence planners and policy makers. It asks whether, by offering both the public and political groups of the left alternative politics which sought to challenge the official version of Cold War defence, CND could be said to have contributed to either non-compliance with, or early termination of, civil defence policy.
‘You have to start where you’re at’
Authors: Payling Daisy
Published: May 2018

In the 1980s, Sheffield became known as the ‘Socialist Republic of South Yorkshire.’ Underlying this radical reputation was a push for community-led activism and a City Council that attempted to answer to the community. But who this community included was up for debate among councillors and activists, as was the notion of Sheffield as a radical city. This chapter traces City Council-leader David Blunkett’s ideas on paper and in practice and how these were met by Sheffield’s activists. It shows that behind the rhetoric of radicalism, Sheffield’s politics was centred on more traditional notions of working-class community than the radical tendencies of the new urban left and the revolutionary left.
Shakespeare's London 1613
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: May 2018

This book offers for the first time a ‘biography’ of the pivotal year, 1613. London, including the Jacobean court and the city, witnessed an exceptional outpouring of cultural experiences and transformative political events. The political and personal dynamic of the royal family changed forever. The sudden death of the eighteen-year-old Prince Henry, heir apparent to the throne, and the marriage of the only royal daughter, Princess Elizabeth to a German prince, disrupted the anticipated line of succession. This book examines the death of Henry and the unparalleled outpouring of grief for him. Subsequently, the unprecedented number of plays performed at court from Christmas to February 1613 helped provide an antidote to suffering, leading to Elizabeth’s wedding on 14 February. The year closed with an aristocratic wedding at court, which generated spectacle and drama, offsetting the messy divorce and murder that preceded it.Shakespeare’s plays dominated London’s cultural landscape, but his acting company faced the Globe Theatre’s destruction in June. Other playwrights, writers, and printers in the City produced an extraordinary array and number of books. Shakespeare for the first time purchased property in London in March, the Blackfriars Gatehouse, situating him amidst the city’s vibrant culture. The Duke of Lennox, King James’s cousin and confidant, occupying the Holbein Gatehouse in the palace, embodies court culture. The narrative arc of 1613 oscillates metaphorically between these two gatehouses, linking city and court, as they complement and complete each other.
Prologue
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: May 2018

The Prologue offers an overview of the book and a sketch of its narrative trajectory, including the unexpected death of Prince Henry, the heir apparent, and then the wedding of the only royal daughter, Elizabeth, to a German prince. The Prologue includes a sketch of some of the principal figures, such as King James, Queen Anne, Henry, Elizabeth, and the Duke of Lennox. Drama permeates both the court and London in 1613 in exceptional quantity, measured by both performance and publication. The Prologue establishes the link and productive tension between the Jacobean court and the City of London.
A Valentine wedding
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: May 2018

This chapter focuses on the elaborate wedding of Elizabeth and Frederick, which took place on 14 February 1613. This account details the entertainments that battened onto this event. Elizabeth was the first royal child in decades to marry. The fireworks and sea battle on the Thames between the ‘Christian’ and ‘Turkish’ forces form a colorful part of the celebration. The wedding itself was spectacular, followed in subsequent days by masques by Campion, Chapman, and Beaumont, filling several nights of entertainment. A couple of weeks after the wedding, Elizabeth and Prince Charles requested performances of two plays, one by Marston and the other by Chapman. Elizabeth and Frederick left England in April, making their way to his native Germany. This chapter closes with Queen Anne’s progress entertainments at Bath, Bristol, and Wells.
The Advocacy Trap
Authors: Noakes Stephen
Published: May 2018

What does China’s rise mean for transnational civil society? What happens when global activist networks engage a powerful and norm-resistant new hegemon? This book combines detailed ethnographic research with cross-case comparisons to identify key factors underpinning variation in the results and processes of advocacy on a range of issues affecting both China and the world, including global warming, intellectual property rights, HIV/AIDS treatment, the use of capital punishment, suppression of the Falun Gong religious movement, and Tibetan independence. Built on an innovative blend of comparative and international theory, it advances a theory of “advocacy drift”—a process whereby the objectives and principled beliefs of activists are transformed through interaction with the Chinese state. The book is a timely reassessment of transnational civil society in the era of an ascendant China, and is essential reading for scholars and practitioners of civil society organizations.
The power of state preferences: the ‘natural cases’ of the campaigns for Falun Gong and IPR protection
Authors: Noakes Stephen
Published: May 2018

This chapter is constituted by a systematic exploration of two transnational advocacy campaigns targeting the Chinese state: the search for justice on behalf of the Falun Gong religious movement, banned in China since 1999, and the transnational push to strengthen intellectual property rights in the PRC. In terms of results, these campaigns turned out completely differently. While the IPR protection campaign was welcomed by China’s leaders and witnessed the creation of an extensive if somewhat ineffectual set of institutions geared towards more rigorous enforcement, the campaign for Falun Gong received no such reception, and has not been countenanced in any form by the national government, save for its ongoing effort to exterminate the group from the Chinese mainland. Despite these disparate results, however, both of these cases reflect a pattern of ‘natural’ causality, as neither was incentivized to alter its original mission or message.
Strategic considerations, tough choices: how state preferences influence campaign forms
Authors: Noakes Stephen
Published: May 2018

This chapter serves two functions. First, it synthesizes from the earlier empirical chapters some lessons of practical value regarding how activists might optimally engage with China. As expected, fit with state priorities is the most consistently important ingredient for effective advocacy. But from where do state priorities emanate? The chapter argues that state preferences are largely driven domestic legitimacy considerations, and that each of the issues embodied in TAN campaigns therefore fall within a risk probability distribution. The risk posed to Party legitimacy by state action or inaction largely determines the opportunities available to activist networks. In turn, state preferences create strategic incentives for individual TANs, leading to a wide variance in their functional forms, the observance of advocacy drift in some campaigns, and its absence in others.
Colouring the Caribbean
Authors: Bagneris Mia L.
Published: May 2018

Colouring the Caribbean offers the first comprehensive study of Agostino Brunias’s intriguing pictures of colonial West Indians of colour – so called ‘Red’ and ‘Black’ Caribs, dark-skinned Africans and Afro-Creoles, and people of mixed race – made for colonial officials and plantocratic elites during the late-eighteenth century. Although Brunias’s paintings have often been understood as straightforward documents of visual ethnography that functioned as field guides for reading race, this book investigates how the images both reflected and refracted ideas about race commonly held by eighteenth-century Britons, helping to construct racial categories while simultaneously exposing their constructedness and underscoring their contradictions. The book offers provocative new insights about Brunias’s work gleaned from a broad survey of his paintings, many of which are reproduced here for the first time.
Introduction
Authors: Bagneris Mia L.
Published: May 2018

July 2007, Yale Center for British Art – reflections on Agostino Brunias’s A Planter and his Wife (fig. 1) …

The painting is relatively small – about 12 x 10 inches – and a wonderfully exquisite little gem, its bright gold frame setting off the work of a talented colourist. Pristine whites and vivid pale blues are punctuated with punches of coral red; deep greens and rich ochres define the landscape. In the background are all the hallmarks of an idyllic island day; under a perfect canopy of blue sky and fluffy white clouds, a pair of palm trees rise in the right margin of the picture, nestled against the calm, crystal waters of the Caribbean Sea. However, in the midst of this quintessential tropical splendour, two figures in the foreground, a man and a woman, command the viewer’s immediate attention. Although he is dressed to beat the heat, the man manages to cut an impressive figure in long white trousers, white shirt, and white waistcoat – all immaculately spotless. He accessorises the outfit with black cravat, black shoes with silver buckles, and a long mustard-coloured dress coat with shiny gold buttons, completing the ensemble with a black ‘planter’s hat’. Surely his elegant dress demonstrates his wealth and status, but not so much as his pose, for the artist has frozen him in a perpetual state of showing off; his outstretched arm gestures towards the splendid natural beauty all around him as he turns his face to the lady at his side in a move that silently proclaims his ownership of all that surrounds them....