bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kesadaran Anti Pelecehan Seksual Melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi
Authors: Hanifah Laily , Djaali Nur Asniati , Buntara Arga
Published: December 2021

Kasus kekerasan pada anak menjadi permasalahan serius di Indonesia, salah satu jenis kekerasan pada anak adalah pelecehan seksual atau kekerasan seksual. Anak yang mengalami pelecehan atau kekerasan seksual akan mengalami trauma psikologis jangka panjang dan bisa berdampak fatal jika sampai bunuh diri. Orangtua harus bertanggung jawab untuk mendidik anak mereka termasuk merawat dan mendidik mereka agar mandiri dan menjaga dirinya agar terhindar dari segala bentuk kekerasan termasuk pelecehan seksual. Oleh karena itulah, orang tua perlu diberikan pemahaman dan edukasi tentang bagaimana cara menyampaikan informasi tentang Kesehatan reproduksi dan pencegahan pelecehan seksual. Pendidikan diberikan menggunakan teknologi informasi untuk mempermudah dan memperkuat komunikasi antar individu maupun antarkelompok, untuk mengatasi masalah di masyarakat, termasuk melakukan edukasi untuk orang tua siswa dan sekolah. Tujuan program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan peran orangtua siswa dalam mendukung program sekolah mengenai pencegahan pelecehan seksual melalui pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi menggunakan video. Mitra kegiatan ini adalah Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mumtaza Islamic School yang berlokasi di sekitar Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan UPN Veteran Jakarta. Solusi yang ditawarkan melalui kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan orangtua siswa melalui penyuluhan dan edukasi tentang pendidikan Kesehatan reproduksi pada anak, serta upaya mencegah pelecehan seksual di sekolah atau di ruang public. Kegiatan ini diharapkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan bagi orang tua dalam melakukan edukasi ke anak melalui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi.
Penggunaan Bluetooth Android Berbasis Arduino Uno Dalam Mengendalikan Lampu Rumah
Authors: Sukendar Toni , Ishaq Ahmad , Saputro Mohammad Ikhsan
Published: December 2021

Dalam era globalisasi sekarang ini, perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangat bermanfaat bagi kehidupan banyak orang. Semua aspek kehidupan dapat memanfaatkan teknologi sesuai dengan bidang yang dibutuhkan, termasuk kendali rumah. Pada kehidupan manusia sehari-hari tidak pernah lepas dari penerangan lampu listrik. Untuk menyalakan dan mematikan lampu listrik biasanya manusia menggunakan saklar manual. Penggunaan saklar manual dianggap kurang efektif karena memerlukan tenaga manusia untuk mengatur dan memantau lampu pada setiap ruangan. Melihat kurang efektifitas pada saklar manual ini maka dirancang sebuah alat pengontrol lampu rumah menggunakan bluetooth berbasis Arduino uno. Pada perancangan ini menggunakan simulasi miniatur rumah dengan menggunakan android yang di integrasikan dengan bluetooth dan Arduino uno. Perancangan alat ini tersusun menjadi beberapa bagian yang terdiri atas Smartphone Android, modul bloetooth HC- 05,Arduino uno R3, modul relay dan lampu LED. Untuk menyalakan lampu maka smartphone android akan mengirim perintah ke mikrokontroler arduino melalui komunikasi Bluetooth HC-05 untuk menghubungkan modul relay yang berfungsi sebagai switch/saklar sehingga lampu akan menyala sesuai perintah dari smartphone android.
Sistem Pakar dalam Menganalisis Alergi Kulit Manusia dengan Metode Certainty Factor
Authors: Adha Hafid Dwi , Sumijan S , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi
Published: December 2021

Kulit adalah indera paling luar yang  dimiliki manusia, yang berfungsi sebagai pelindung dari bakteri, virus, dan sinar matahari, serta sebagai indera peraba. Kulit dapat mengalami gangguan atau penyakit yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya alergi. Alergi kulit manusia terjadi karena sistem kekebalan tubuh yang dimiliki oleh manusia bereaksi secara tidak biasanya terhadap zat tertentu, seperti makanan, bulu binatang, atau obat-obatan. Selain tiga faktor tersebut, faktor dari masyarakat yang saat ini kurang memerhatikan alergi kulit yang diderita dan kurangnya perawatan atau kesadaran juga menjadi faktor pemicu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis alergi kulit manusia dengan metode Certainty Factor. Dengan melakukan wawancara dan observasi pada Klinik Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin Kota Padang, ditemukan sebanyak 10 jenis alergi kulit, 27 gejala alergi kulit, dan 50 data pasien. Data tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan metode Certainty Factor dengan tahapan menentukan kode gejala dan alergi, membentuk rule, menentukan bobot, dan menghitung nilai Certainty Factor. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil pengujian dengan tingkat persentase sebesar 92% dengan alergi yang paling banyak diderita yaitu dermatitis alergi. Dengan hasil pengujian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Sistem Pakar yang dirancang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan diagnosa alergi kulit manusia.
Tingkat Formulasi Model Soal dalam Permutasi Acak Menggunakan Algoritma Fisher Yates
Authors: Sabila Puji Chairu , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi
Published: December 2021

Model soal dalam permutasi acak menghasilkan pengacakan soal – soal yang paling umum digunakan dalam praktik ujian pada pendidikan mulai dari tingkat Sekolah Dasar sampai Perguruan Tinggi bahkan beberapa instansi yang memanfaatkan ujian untuk pengujian kemampuan seseorang. Model Soal ini dapat menghasilkan persentase acak yang tinggi dengan proses yang lebih kompleks dibandingkan dengan analog. Mengadakan Formulasi Model pada soal-soal tak terhingga sehingga dapat dengan mudah dimanfaatkan tanpa perhitungan rumit. Soal yang diolah dalam penelitian ini dari 50 soal, dan 12 mahasiswa bersumber dari bagian Program Studi Sistem Informasi STMIK Logika Medan Indonesia. Berdasarkan pengumpulan terhadap soal tersebut oleh ketua program studi yang bertugas pada STMIK tersebut.  Selanjutnya soal tersebut di disimpan ke dalam database. Tahapan selanjutnya melakukan pengacakan soal berdasarkan jumlah mahasiswa ikut ujian. Soal telah diacak menjadi formulasi model soal dalam permutasi acak soal pada saat praktik Ujian. Hasil dari pengujian terhadap soal ini adalah soal mata kuliah.  Soal telah diacak dapat membentuk model soal dalam permutasi acak berdasarkan banyak soal, jumlah soal. Semua soal di buat oleh dosen yang mengajar mata kuliah dan membantu program studi dalam proses belajar mengajar dengan formulasi model soal.
Oxycodone 5 Miligram is More Effective Than Ketorolac 30 Miligram in Suppressing Cortisol Levels During General Anesthesia
Authors: Kelvin  , Zainal Rizal , Irwanto FH  , Erial Bahar
Published: December 2021

Background: Preemptive analgesia is a developing clinical concept, which involves administering analgesics before pain stimulation occurs, to prevent the sensitization of the nervous system to further stimuli that can cause pain. Ketorolac has strong analgesic properties oxycodone is a semisynthetic opioid that is synthesized from the alkaloid thebaine opiate. Pain could induce stress hormone such as cortisol. Study to compare ketorolac and oxycodone with cortisol has not been investigated. This study aimed to assess intravenous administration of ketorolac 30 mg compared with intravenous 5 mg oxycodone for pain as measured by cortisol levels post-intervention in surgery performed under general anesthesia.

Method: A study randomized controlled trial in double-blind form for patients at dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, who will undergo elective surgery with general anesthesia at the Central Surgical Installation building, with the period September-October 2020. There are 24 study samples, to anticipate dropouts, an added sample size is 10%, so the sample size is 26 for each treatment group. The selection of subjects according to the purpose of the study was carried out by simple random. Data analysis using SPSS ver 22.0 software. Data were analyzed using Independent T-Test, Mann Whitney, and Chi-Square Test.

Result: The results showed, there was a significant difference in the effectiveness of intravenous administration of ketorolac 30 mg and intravenous oxycodone 5 mg on pain as measured by cortisol levels in patients undergoing general anesthesia at dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang (p = 0.013). The value of cortisol levels in pre- operative patients who will be given general anesthesia at dr. There was no statistically significant difference between Mohammad Hoesin in the two groups (p = 0.107). The value of cortisol levels in preoperative patients who were given ketorolac 30 mg intravenously at dr. Mohammad Hoesin was 9.90 ± 4.2. The value of cortisol levels in postoperative patients who were given ketorolac 30 mg intravenously at dr. Mohammad Hoesin was 17.75 ± 6.08. The value of preoperative cortisol levels for patients who were given oxycodone 5 mg intravenously at dr. Mohammad Hoesin was 12.03 ± 5.10. The value of postoperative cortisol levels for patients who were given oxycodone 5 mg intravenously at dr. Mohammad Hoesin is 14.50 ± 4.75.

Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of intravenous administration of ketorolac 30 mg and oxycodone 5 mg intravenously on BSS levels (p = 0.005) and VAS scores (p = 0.001) who underwent general anesthesia at dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.
MANAJEMEN HUMAS DALAM PROGRAM PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI JURUSAN PERHOTELAN SMKN 3 PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Setiawan Wahyu Wisnu , Winaryo Slamet , Berliani Teti
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang Manajemen Hubungan Sekolah dan Masyarakat (Humas) dalam Program Praktik Kerja Industri (Prakerin) Jurusan Perhotelan di SMKN 3 Palangka Raya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan rancangan studi kasus. Sumber data penelitian meliputi: Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah bidang Humas, dan Ketua Program Keahlian Perhotelan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengabsahan data penelitian menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa manajemen Humas dalam pelaksanaan Program Prakerin yang dilaksanakan melalui tahapan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, pengawasan dan evaluasi, berjalan dengan baik dalam mencapai tujuan yaitu meningkatkan kompetensi siswa dan lulusan yang sesuai kebutuhan Dudi bidang perhotelan.
Abstract: This study aims to describe the Management of School and Community Relations (Humas) in the Industrial Work Practice Program (Prakerin) in Hospitality Departemen at SMKN 3 Palangka Raya. The research uses a qualitative approach and case study design. Sources of research data include: Principal, Deputy Principal for Public Relations, and Chair of the Hospitality Expertise Program. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. Validation of research data using triangulation technique. The results showed that the management of Public Relations in the implementation of the Prakerin Program which was carried out through the stages of planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring and evaluating, went well in achieving the goal of increasing the competence of students and graduates according to Dudi's needs in the hospitality sector.
New archaeological sites in the steppe zone of the Altai Territory
Authors:   OOO Scientific Center “Heritage of Siberia”, Barnaul, Mamadakov Yu. T. , Kungurov A. L. ,   Altai State Museum of Local Lore, Barnaul, Konstantinov N. A. ,   Gorno-Altai State University, Gorno-Altaysk
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the publication of new burial mounds and the discovery of a bone arrowhead. The materials were recorded during the survey by the archaeological detachment of the Limited Liability Company Scientific Center “Heritage of Siberia” of the land plots that are set aside for laying gas pipeline lines. The burial mounds number from one to nine earth mounds. The dating of monuments is determined only pre-Scythian time (Kamensk culture) and the era of the early Middle Ages (Srostkin culture). These materials significantly expand the archaeological cartography of the region. A large-sized bone petiole arrowhead from the Aleysky district dates back to the period of late antiquity (Kulai culture).
New Archaeological Discoveries on a Right-bank of the Irtysh River
Authors:   Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Molodin V. I. , Mylnikova L. N. ,   Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Kobeleva L. S. ,   Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Novosibirsk
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of archaeological research in 2021 in the Vengerovo district, Novosibirsk region. Large-scale works were carried out at three sites, i.e. burial, settlement and ritual complexes of Tartas-1, Ust-Tartas-2, and Tartas-5 settlement. Burials of the Early-Developed Bronze Age and Early Neolithic fish pit were investigated. New data and materials from the Andronovo (Fedorovo) settlement complex were obtained.
Results of surveys in the Chemal region of Altai Republic
Authors:   Altai State University, Barnaul, Radovsky S. S. , Seregin N. N. ,   Altai State University, Barnaul
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of surveys carried out by members of the Chemal expedition of Altai State University in the northern part of the Altai Republic in 2021. The relevance of such research is determined not only by the scientific significance of the materials obtained, but also by the need to preserve cultural heritage sites in the area of active tourist and recreational activities. The discovered sites were designated as Bersyukta III and Choburak IV in accordance with the numbering of the complexes identified earlier in the area. Given the absence of any distinctive characteristics of the planigraphy of objects and signs of ground structures, the sites before excavations can be dated within a broad chronological framework of the Early Iron Age — the Middle Ages. At the same time, it seems possible to assert that the mounds of Bersyukt-III more likely belong to the Scythian-Saka period, and the structures of the Choburak-IV complex — to a later period.
Features of the selection of raw materials for the production of ceramics by carriers of the Novosibirsk version of the Kulai culture
Authors:   Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Selin D. V. , Maksimova A. A. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of SB of RAS, Novosibirsk
Published: December 2021

A technical and petrographic analysis of the ceramics of the novosibirsk version of the Kulay culture from the Kamenny Mys and Dubrovinsky Borok-3 sites has been carried out. It was found that the same type was used as a raw material at both sites — natural clays. It has been determined that, according to the mineral composition, different groups of clays are distinguished: three on Kamenny Mys, and two on Dubrovinsky Bork-3. The correlation between the groups of clays and the compositions of clay paste demonstrates that the difference is manifested not only in the skills of selecting clays by potters, but also in the skills of drawing up molding masses with different groups of clays. When comparing the clays from the two sites, it was determined that they differ significantly from each other in their mineral composition.
New results of the study of Russian ceramics from the territory of the Altai Territory
Authors:   Altai State University, Barnaul, Fedoruk O. A. , Golovchenko N. N. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul
Published: December 2021

In the field season of 2020–2021, the Verkhneobsk archaeological team of AltGPU when examining outcrops of surface layers within the boundaries of the village Krutikha Krutikhinsky district and with Povalikha of the Pervomaiskoe district of the Altai Territory, a collection of lifting material was carried out. The collections are represented by Russian ceramics, which made it possible to continue the work on the technical and technological analysis of this category of finds. A series of 11 samples originating from the village Krutiha was analyzed and five samples from the village Povalikha. The results obtained are in good agreement with the results of our earlier studies of Russian ceramics originating from other settlements and regions of the Altai Territory, as well as with written and ethnographic sources.
Activities of public organizations to preserve the identity of Germans of Kazakhstan (based on interview materials)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, Blinova A. , Shlegel E. ,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk
Published: December 2021

In 2021, in order to study the ethnic identity of Germans in the post-Soviet space, an expedition took place to the cities of Nur-Sultan and Almaty. Expert interviews were held with representatives of self-organization of the Germans in Kazakhstan. The fund’s specialists talked about how the main organization of ethnic Germans functions today, what areas of activity are relevant. The article presents the historical milestones of the organization, as well as presents the main mechanisms for preserving the identity of the Germans in Kazakhstan. The main attention in the article is paid to language work, as the most demanded among the Germans of the entire post-Soviet space.
Local lore expeditions of the Pavlodar House of Geography in 2021
Authors:   Public Association “Pavlodar House of Geography”, Republic of Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, Cojokar V. A. , Vervekin A. A. ,   Public Association “Pavlodar House of Geography”, Republic of Kazakhstan, Pavlodar
Published: December 2021

Preservation of historical memory and materials representing the historical and cultural heritage of small settlements is an important task of state museum institutions. Along with this, in the Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, members of the public association “Pavlodar House of Geography” are engaged in such work. During summer expedition trips to the villages of the region, they collected significant audio-video materials on the history of families, labor collectives, and settlements. The exhibits were received that replenished the funds of the public museum of the Pavlodar House of Geography.
Graphic reconstructions as a way to popularize ancient history (on the example of the exhibition of O. S. Likhacheva “Resurrecting the Past”)
Authors:   Altai State University, Barnaul, Likhacheva O.
Published: December 2021

The presented article is devoted to the use of graphic reconstructions in the popularization of the ancient past of the region. The interpretation of this concept is given, the main advantages of this form of presentation of the material and the scope of its application are given. Next, the practical implementation of this direction is considered, using the example of the author’s exhibition “Resurrecting the Past”, which was held in April 2021. The general information about the works presented at the exhibition is briefly given, the attendance and the age composition of the audience are analyzed. Based on this experience, further prospects for the development of this direction are proposed.
“Dry and damp, where they were born — that's what they ate»: the horticulture system of rural residents of the Uglovsky district of the Altai Territory in the second half of the XX–XXI centuries
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Lyulya N. V. , Svidovskaya A. S. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the gardening system of residents of the villages of the Uglovsky district, which was formed in the conditions of a harsh sharp continental climate and different types of soils. The formation of two forms of gardening in terms of growing potatoes — “dry” and “damp” gardens allowed villagers to adapt to natural conditions and receive high-quality crops. However, in recent decades, gardens have become unclaimed.
The results of the historical and ethnographic expedition in the Aleisky district in 2021
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Rykov A. V. , Svidovskaya A. S. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the consideration of the results of the historical and ethnographic expedition of the staff and students of the Institute of History, Social Communications and Law of the Altai State Pedagogical University in the Alei region. The authors note the peculiarities of the expedition in a pandemic and characterize the collected materials in the main areas of its work. The results of the work are analyzed through research programs implemented by the UNIL "Center for Oral History and Ethnography".
Spoken datas about of the history of the Tara fortress — the Tara town
Authors:   Omsk Laboratory of Archaeology, Ethnography and Museology of Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Omsk, Tikhonov S. S.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the results of studying the natural-geographical environment, microtoponymy, historical parts of Tara, which are based on oral information. They were told to scientists by local residents who came to look at the excavations. Some of the materials were unreliable. Others correlated with archaeological, written, cartographic data. Oral materials, although their chronological depth is small, expand our understanding of the Tara fortress — the city of Tara.
Folk songs of Ust-Pustinka village of Krasnoshchekovsky district of Altay region: based on 2021 folk studies data
Authors:   Altai State University of Culture, Barnaul, Shcherbakova O. S.
Published: December 2021

This article is dedicated to the question of the modern existence of song folklore in ethnical culture of the dwellers of Ust-Pustinka village of Krasnoshchekovsky district of Altay region. Here represented the analysis of the folk song materials, executed by ASUC students together with the article’s author in the july 2021. Texts of historical songs and ballad songs, literature creation songs and chastushkas are given. The conclusion is given about the extinction of traditional peasant creativity, but, so far, the preservation of songs of later origin.
New Year’s carnivals based on the materials of visual and oral sources of the last quarter of the XX — early XXI centuries
Authors:   Shukshin Altai State University for Humanities and Pedagogy, Biysk, Yavnova L. , Antonova O. ,   Shukshin Altai State University for Humanities and Pedagogy, Biysk
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the semantics of New Year’s celebrations. The subject of the research was the ways and forms of New Year’s presentation in visual sources, press materials and oral ethnographic sources. Attention is paid to the study of New Year’s aesthetics. An indispensable attribute of children’s New Year’s parties was preparation for masquerade balls. The idea of the sacred meaning of masks and costumes in the context of the rituals of winter holidays is traced.
G. A. Kubrina’s efforts to preservation of the historical-cultural heritage of rural territories if Altai krai in the context of development of regional study movement and cooperation with the scientific community in the years 1990–2020ths (the history of projects on catalogization of rustic architecture, development of «the ethnographic village», etc.)
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Shcheglova T. K.
Published: December 2021

G. A. Kubrina’s efforts to discovering and preservation of the historical-cultural heritage of Altai krai made it possible to analyze in this article the experience of close cooperation between regional study civic movement, scientific community and government agencies during the years 1990–2020ths. The full-scale characteristic is given to the regional study non-governmental organization in the years 1990ths, first of all, Altai krai regional study association and its co-operative activities with scientific production center Nasledie. The article describes the realized and unrealized projects on study and preservation of historical-cultural heritage of rural territories, including the unfinished project of district catalogization of rustic and commercial-industrial architecture (the years 1995–1997ths), the project of development of «the ethnographic village» in the years 2014–2016. G. A. Kubrina’s personal contribution into preservation of a number of monuments is shown.
Planography of burial mounds located on the territory of the Loktevsky district (by the results of the survey company in 2021)
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Golovchenko N. N.
Published: December 2021

The article publishes observations on the planography of burial mounds located on the territory of the Loktevsky district of the Altai Territory. The source base of the study was made up of survey materials of 70 objects of archaeological heritage. The following planographic contexts are noted in the arrangement of the mounds: single mounds, paired mounds, «asystemless» cluster of three or more mounds, mound groups forming chains oriented in the meridional direction. The relationship of the location of most of the surveyed objects with the watershed system has been established. Probably, the location of the burial space was determined by the principle of choosing the highest and furthest from the water territory. This approach could be based on the utilitarian-practical and cult views of the builders.
Circuit Optimization Study According to the Maximum Principle
Authors: Zemliak Alexander
Published: December 2021

The minimization of the processor time of designing can be formulated as a problem of time minimization for transitional process of dynamic system. A special control vector that changes the internal structure of the equations of optimization procedure serves as a principal tool for searching the best strategies with the minimal CPU time. In this case a well-known maximum principle of Pontryagin is the best theoretical approach for finding of the optimum structure of control vector. Practical approach for realization of the maximum principle is based on the analysis of behavior of a Hamiltonian for various strategies of optimization. The possibility of applying the maximum principle to the problem of optimization of electronic circuits is analyzed. It is shown that in spite of the fact that the problem of optimization is formulated as a nonlinear task, and the maximum principle in this case isn't a sufficient condition for obtaining a minimum of the functional, it is possible to obtain the decision in the form of local minima. The relative acceleration of the CPU time for the best strategy found by means of maximum principle compared with the traditional approach is equal two to three orders of magnitude.
A new locality record for Radfordiella desmodi Radovsky, 1967 (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) parasitizing the vampire bat in Brazil
Authors: Bassini-Silva Ricardo , Moura Ana P. , Dowling Ashley P. G. , André Marcos R. , Jacinavicius Fernando  de C. , Barros-Battesti Darci M.
Published: December 2021

Macronyssid mites are ectoparasites of reptiles, birds, and mammals (mainly bats). Out of 35 genera in this family, Radfordiella Fonseca, 1948 is a genus from the Neotropical region with six valid species, found parasitizing phyllostomid bats. Only Radfordiella desmodi Radovsky, 1967 and Radfordiella oudemansi Fonseca, 1948 have been registered in Brazil. The present study provides a new locality record for the species R. desmodi, microscopy images to aid in the identification, and a distribution map.
A social-economic burden of rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps with comorbid asthma and influence of dupilumab
Authors: Krysanov I. S. , Krysanova V. S. , Ermakova V. Yu.
Published: December 2021

Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (RwNP) is a one of most common comorbidities in asthma and contrariwise and can lead to exacerbation of severe asthma (SA). Dupilumab is a perspective medicine for treatment of both, because it decreases exacerbations and prevents of a necessity of surgeon. Economics aspects of dupilumab treatment in RwNP + SA are not examined yet. Thus aim of this study was evaluation of social-economic burden of RwNP + SA in the Russian Federation and dupilumab influence on it. Materials and methods. Direct medical (cost of medicines, treatment in outpatients department and in hospital, including surgery and rate of exacerbations per year) and non-medical (payment for temporary and stable disability) and indirect costs (GDP loses) in RwNP + SA patients have been evaluated. Medical cure of a patient with RwNP + SA was created according to survey of experts from different regions of Russia. Modelling of expenditures was prepared on all calculated cohort of potential patients with RwNP + SA from “State” position and growing approach. Results. Expenditures for cure of one patient with RwNP were as 234 217,71 RUR/year. Weighted average costs for one patient with RwNP + SA were 1 881 883,39 RUR, and mostly were associated with indirect costs. Dupilumab can decrease expenditures for one patient with RwNP + SA till 1 593 162,87 RUR (on 15,3 %) annually. Potential cohort with RwNP + SA has been estimated above 39 thousand patients. Total economic burden of RwNP + SA in Russia were estimated as 1,7 bln RUR. Dupilumab usage in patients with RwNP + SA fixed in Register can help decrease economic burden on 259 mln RUR annually. Hidden economic burden of comorbidity can reach 73,4 bln RUR (for all calculated / modelled cohort of patients with RwNP + SA), dupilumab saves 11,3 bln RUR annually in this scenario. Conclusion. Comorbid pathology — RwNP+SA has a sufficient social-economic burden in Russia, that could be decreased by modern biologic drugs, in particular, with dupilumab.
Mastoid Canals and Grooves in Human Skulls: A Dry Bone Study
Authors: UshaVerma  , Shavi Garg  , Amit Kumar Saxena  , Ritu Singroha  , Prachi SAneja  , Suresh KantaRathee
Published: December 2021

Background: The mastoid canals and mastoid grooves are formed within the mastoid part of temporal bones of skull, these are present on the external surface of mastoid region, anterior to the occipitomastoid suture, behind and parallel to the petrosquamous suture and anteroinferior to the asterion. The study was conducted to observe the incidence of mastoid canals and grooves in dry adult human skulls.Methods: Total of 120 dry adult human skulls consisting of 80 male & 40 female were examined to determine the incidence of mastoid canals and grooves. The mastoid parts of both sides were examined for the presence of mastoid canals and grooves. Then length of mastoid canals was measured.Conclusion: Out of the total of 120 skulls, mastoid canals were observed in 8.75% of skulls. The incidence of mastoid canals was 10% in females and 8.12% in males. The incidence of mastoid grooves was 10.42% of total skulls. It was 11.88 % in male skulls and in female skulls, it was 7.55%. The knowledge of mastoid canals and grooves of the temporal bones is very useful to the neurosurgeons and ENT surgeons while doing surgery to avoid severe bleeding.
A two-phase bromination process using tetraalkylammonium hydroxide for the practical synthesis of α-bromolactones from lactones
Authors: Yamamoto Yuki , Tabuchi Akihiro , Hosono Kazumi , Ochi Takanori , Yamazaki Kento , Kodama Shintaro , Nomoto Akihiro , Ogawa Akiya
Published: December 2021

A simple and efficient method for α-brominating lactones that affords α-bromolactones under mild conditions using tetraalkylammonium hydroxide (R4N+OH−) as a base was developed. Lactones are ring-opened with Br2 and a substoichiometric amount of PBr3, leading to good yields of the corresponding α-bromocarboxylic acids. Subsequent intramolecular cyclization over 1 h using a two-phase system (H2O/CHCl3) containing R4N+OH− afforded α-bromo lactones in good yields. This method can be applied at the 10 mmol scale using simple operations. α-Bromo-δ-valerolactone, which is extremely reactive and difficult to isolate, could be isolated and stored in a freezer for about one week using the developed method. Optimizing the solvent for environmentally friendly large-scale syntheses revealed that methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) was as effective. In addition, in situ-generated α-bromo-δ-valerolactone was directly converted into a sulfur-substituted functional lactone without difficulty by reacting it with a sulfur nucleophile in one pot without isolation. This new bromination system is expected to facilitate the industrial use of α-bromolactones as important intermediates.
Legal regulation of the administration of taxes and сharges in the conditions of construction of the digital economy: discussion aspects
Authors: Makuch Oksana
Published: December 2021

Problem setting. Digital technologies are one of the most current trends, with the help of which new models of interaction between the state, business and citizens are being formed. New methods of doing business involve constant work with data, which entails significant changes in traditional sectors of the economy. It should be emphasized that the development of digital processes leads to a significant increase in financial flows that are outside the scope of legal regulation. It seems that in order to adapt to the challenges of digital technologies, there is a need to develop its own (national) digital ecosystem, which will cover the field of tax regulation.

Analysis of recent research. The study of some aspects of digitalization in the field of taxation has been the subject of scientific research by such scholars as O. Dmytryk,
M. Kucheryavenko, D. Kobylnik, V. Ryadinska, K. Tokarіeva, and others. At the same time, the above direction is developing rapidly, and this in turn requires appropriate timely regulation and reflection in the law. In view of the above, the purpose of the article is to analyze the legal regulation of taxation in the digital economy.

Article’s main body. The article discusses the features of legal regulation of the sphere of taxation in the conditions of building a digital economy. It was emphasized that the introduction of digital technologies into tax regulation has both positive (implementation of the principle of taxation convenience, the formation of a service model of interaction between authorities and obligated participants in tax relations) and negative aspects (fragmentary legal regulation, the need to implement mechanisms for protecting tax information included in the corresponding electronic services, bases). Based on the analysis of a number of acts of promising legislation of Ukraine: the introduction of a special legal (including tax) regime of Diya City was subjected to a critical analysis; the legislator's approach to the regulation of taxation relations for the delivery of electronic services to individuals by non-residents was positively assessed.

Conclusions and prospects for the development. The formation of a service model of the tax authorities provides for even broader interaction of tax authorities with taxpayers in electronic form. It should be noted that the interaction of taxpayers with the tax authorities through "digital channels" can be both positive and negative, which largely depends on the ease of use of the service (thus increasing the convenience and efficiency of interaction between taxpayers). In addition, the analysis of the legal regulation of taxation in the digital economy in Ukraine indicates the need for comprehensive development of effective mechanisms for each specific tax (or even legal regime) and data protection mechanisms provided by the subjects of tax relations to the relevant electronic databases, registers, offices, etc.
A Reflection Analysis on the Martin Luther and the Third Enlightenment
Authors: LI Ruixiang
Published: December 2021

On April 26-30，2021，, the first season’s lectures of “Martin Luther and the third enlightenment” were successfully held by Shanghai Library and co-organized by the Sino-Europe Center at Shanghai University. Because of epidemic and the limitation of the ground,this series of lectures were conducted both online and offline. All the lectures were spoken by Professor Paulos Huang,Director of the Sino-European Center at Shanghai University and the Tutor for Doctor at Shanghai University.
PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN, LOAN TO ASSET RATIO DAN INFLASI TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Budiharjo Roy , Supriatiningsih Supriatiningsih
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Non Performing Loan, Loan to Asset ratio dan Inflasi terhadap Profitabilitas yang diproksi dengan Return on Asset. Data Sekunder dikumpulkan dari sampel perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014 – 2018.Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria sebagai berikut : (1) terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2014 – 2018. (2) menerbitkan laporan keuangan periode tahun 2014 – 2018. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari Direktori Pasar Modal Indonesia (ICMD) tahun 2014 -2018 dengan jumlah sampel 115 perusahaan.Uji statistik dilakukan dengan uji t dan analisis regresi linier berganda, sebelum uji ini dilakukan terlebih dahulu uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: kredit bermasalah berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, hal ini berarti jika suatu bank memiliki nilai Non Performing Loan yang besar maka bank tersebut memiliki banyak kredit bermasalah sehingga laba yang dihasilkan akan menurun dan menyebabkan nilai Return On Assets menurun; loan to asset ratio berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa meskipun inflasi mengalami peningkatan, namun keuntungan yang diperoleh bank umum tidak mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dan begitu pula sebaliknya. Perbankan di Indonesia harus menjaga tingkat permodalan (CAR) karena kecukupan modal dapat meningkatkan ROA. Maka sebaiknya meminimalisir kredit macet atau mengurangi nilai kredit bermasalah, karena penurunan kredit bermasalah akan meningkatkan keuntungan yang didapat yaitu ROA.
The New Wars: Terrorism and “Asymmetric” Warfare
Authors: Treiblmaier Alexander
Published: December 2021

The term “new wars” is often used to describe how terrorist groups achieve objectives in addition to the “classic” means of intervention by states. Terrorist organizations use asymmetric methods of warfare to target the weaknesses of Western states. Consequently, conventional wars have also changed into hybrid wars. The legal status of terrorist organizations is a major problem for the rule of law. In responding to terrorist attacks, the distinction between crime and terrorism is difficult. The “war on terror” is governed by different rules and principles and is extremely difficult to wage. Conflicts last a long time and victory against terrorism is rarely possible due to the networked structure of terrorist organizations and the way they intermingle with the population. In addition to an alliance-wide approach, there is a national solution to answer these new threats in form of the comprehensive national defense in Austria.
The Hidden Contents in the Professional Military Education Process
Authors: Licková Markéta
Published: December 2021

Increasing pressure on the quality of the educational content brings the need to address the issue of hidden mechanisms in the educational process that have impacts on the quality of knowledge and skills. This article discusses the existence of the hidden curriculum in lifelong learning and puts it into the context of the lifelong Professional Military Education as it is provided at the Centre for Security and Military Strategic Studies at the University of Defence. The uncovering of the hidden content in education may not be a welcome process, in extreme it may become unacceptable. However, hidden content can affect the achieved learning outcomes, as well as their deliberate disclosure and appropriate processing. The aim of the article is to describe whether and with what benefit can the concept of the hidden curriculum be applied to professional military education in the Centre for Security and Military Strategic Studies environment.
The Effectiveness of Tele-education for Health Field University Students as a Learning Method during a COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rahayuwati Laili , Pramukti Iqbal , Susanti Raini Diah
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting many aspects including education globally as many countries closed the school temporally. This study aimed to summarize the effectiveness of the-education application among health-fields university students
Methods
PubMed and EBSCO databases for studies published up to August 2020 were searched. Studies reporting the academic performance or skills performance or students satisfaction were included. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal tool.
Result
Published between 2002 and 2020, 22 studies were conducted in developed countries, and 2 studies in developing countries. The tele-education method included e-learning, virtual, and digital learning. When comparing to the control group, of fifteen studies intervention studies measuring academic performance, seven studies showed a higher mean score among the intervention group. For skills performance, there were no studies showing higher skill performance. For studies measuring student satisfaction, one-third showing higher students’ satisfaction among the intervention group compared to the control.
Conclusion
Our finding highlighted the positive effect of various tele-education on academic performance among the health-field university students. Applying the various tele-education in the learning process for health-field university students during the COVID-19 Pandemic is suggested.
Keywords: health field students, tele-education, pandemic, effectiveness
The Effect of the Dreamer Spiritual Therapies on Saliva Cortisol Hormone and Pain Score Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A True-experimental Study
Authors: Purnawan Iwan , Setiyarini Sri , Probosuseno Probosuseno , Widyastuti Yunita
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Patients’ conditions can worsen if stress and pain are not appropriately managed. Conventional therapy ignores psychological and spiritual aspects. Both influence the body’s response to various stimuli. AIM: This study aimed to assess how Dreamer’s spiritual therapy can affect the cortisol and pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS: It involved 86 ICU patients in a true-experimental study. Respondents were divided into the intervention and the control group randomly. The intervention group received Dreamer spiritual therapy (DST) for 30 min but not for the control group. Saliva samples and pain scores were taken from both groups before and after treatment. The comparison of two groups cortisol decreases using Wilcoxon test. Differences in pre- and post-pain scores in each group were analyzed using paired t-test. RESULTS: According to Levene’s test, the two groups were homogeneous (p > 0.05). The Wilcoxon test revealed a statistically significant difference in cortisol level reduction between the intervention (3.88 ng/mL) and control (3.82 ng/ml) groups (p = 0.024), with a large effect size (Cohen’s d value = 59.5). The paired t-test revealed a statistically significant decrease in the intervention group’s pain score from 2.6 to 1.95 (p = 0.001), with a moderate effect size (Cohen’s d value = 0.49). The control group’s pain score did not significantly decrease (p = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: A DST is effective in reducing salivary cortisol levels and pain scores of ICU patients.
Resolution of Ethical Dilemmas Using Basic Ethical Principles in Cases of Pregnancy with Severe Symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Complications
Authors: Suryadi Taufik , Sarjani Sarjani , Kulsum Kulsum
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can attack the entire population, but is more aggressive in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, patients with chronic diseases, and pregnant women. For pregnant women, the management of COVID-19 treatment provided must be in line with efforts to reduce maternal mortality. The method of this study was a case report. A pregnant woman aged 40 years who was confirmed with severe COVID-19 symptoms. This patient had severe symptomatic hypoxemia and had a hypercoagulable state. Termination of pregnancy in patients is considered for the sake of fetomaternal safety so that an ethical dilemma arises. For this reason, a joint conference was held to get the best solution for the patient and the fetus.

CASE REPORT: Using several basic ethical principles such as beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and autonomy, which are supported by the principles of minus malum, double effect, and prima facie, it was decided for the patient to terminate pregnancy to reduce severe symptoms of COVID-19. Termination of pregnancy in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 with severe symptoms is still an ethical dilemma that needs to be discussed further. Therefore, ethical considerations in this patient were carried out by reviewing obstetric, pediatric, pulmonology, anesthesia, and internal medicine indications.

CONCLUSION: Termination of pregnancy in this patient with confirmed COVID-19 with severe symptoms can be done. Although termination of pregnancy has not completely saved the mother’s condition, this decision has the potential to provide benefits and safety for the patient and the fetus.
Nanomembrane-based Apheresis as Safe and Effective Therapy for Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation
Authors: Slavic Vjeroslava , Djurdjic Beti , Randjelovic Danijela , Rajovic Gordana , Delic Marina
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Heavy training schedules or endurance competitions in marathon are forms of extreme physical stress and lead to immunodepression in runners which could be associated with increased susceptibility to viral reactivation by ubiquitous viral infection such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Lately, it was confirmed presence of elevated CMV and EBV loads and the lower antibody titers in competitive athletes. The most common clinical features are fatigue and adynamia accompanied with liver damage, varying from mild and transient elevation of aminotransferases to serious acute hepatitis and liver failure.

CASE REPORT: Bearing in mind that a professional practice of marathon running is hazardous for the liver, therapeutic action is necessary as soon as possible to avoid serious complications and even cessation of professional competition. In our case report of professional female marathon runner, we need to treat CMV and EBV reactivation which caused liver damage, prevented regular trainings, and upcoming competitions. We opted for four sessions of nanomembrane based apheresis performed every other day for removal pathological products resulting from virus reactivation to break through the course of the disease and to prevent complications. After completing the whole procedure control laboratory tests and abdominal ultrasound were in physiological ranges.

CONCLUSION: Hence, nanomembrane based apheresis can be effective and safe treatment of liver damages for elite marathon runners as well as for athletes.