bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working at the crossroads of pleasure and danger: Feminist perspectives on doing critical sexuality studies
Authors: Fahs Breanne , Plante Rebecca F. , McClelland Sara I.
Published: November 2017

For those entering the field of sexuality studies, there is often little advice or guidance on the many facets of the work, some of which are pleasurable and some of which are dangerous. Drawing from our personal and professional conflicts surrounding our work as feminist psychologists and sociologists studying women’s sexuality, we extend Carole Vance’s (1984) claims about pleasure and danger by arguing that, for the sex researcher, pleasure and danger are in fact inverted. That which should give us pleasure (e.g. having our work promoted to the public; teaching critical material about sexuality; thinking deeply about our personal relationships) ends up feeling dangerous, and that which should feel dangerous (e.g. saying and doing and working on taboo things; calling out homophobia, racism, classism, and sexism) ends up giving us pleasure. We examine several areas where we experience personal and professional costs and benefits of doing feminist sex research, including relationships with partners, communication with research participants, pedagogical challenges and conflicts, the interface between the sex-researcher identity and university/institutional practices, and, finally, our interface with the public world and the mass media. In doing so, we aim to use our personal experiences to highlight just a few of the areas that emerging sexuality researchers may encounter. In addition, we extend Vance’s framework of pleasure and danger beyond the experiences of women having sex and into the realm of those seeking to understand, research, write about, theorize, and assess the complicated terrain of women’s sexuality.
‘My [asexuality] is playing hell with my dating life’: Romantic identified asexuals negotiate the dating game
Authors: Vares Tiina
Published: November 2017

While academic attention to asexuality has increased in recent years, there is still relatively little research into the relational lives of romantic identified asexuals, and less still on the gendered dimensions of these. This article aims to address these research gaps by examining the ways in which 13 self-identified romantic asexuals living in New Zealand experience and navigate dating practices/finding somebody. I employ a feminist poststructuralist approach to explore the ways in which the pervasiveness of hook up culture and gendered discourses of sexuality both constrain and enable possibilities for developing partnered relationships with non-asexuals.
Asking ‘Third World questions’ of First World informality: Using Southern theory to parse needs from desires in an analysis of informal urbanism of the global North
Authors: Devlin Ryan Thomas
Published: November 2017

Long a subject of study in the global South, the topic of citizen-driven, bottom-up, non-professionally produced urbanism has received increasing attention in professional and academic planning circles of the global North. This newfound focus on informal urbanism in the North is a welcome development, but, taken as a whole, Northern literature concerning informality is characterized by conceptual imprecision and an indeterminate analysis of the politics of informal actions and actors. As such, it fails to provide meaningful guidance to planners concerned with urban poverty, social justice, equity, and inclusion. This article attempts to resolve some of these problems by focusing on one key area of conceptual slippage in the literature: the failure to differentiate between informality born of desire and that born of need. This results in a flattened analysis of the political ramifications of informal actions and the political subjectivity of informal actors. In this article, I review the existing literature in order to point out some of these shortcomings. I then suggest that planners in the North have much to learn about informal urbanism from their counterparts working in and on Southern cities. I attempt to reconcile these two bodies of literature, arguing that Southern theory can help Northern planners develop a more nuanced, politically sophisticated approach to informal urbanism.
A Preclinical Evaluation of the Antitumor Activities of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: A Molecular Insight
Authors: Joseph Thomson Patrick , Chanda Warren , Padhiar Arshad Ahmed , Batool Samana , LiQun Shao , Zhong MinTao , Huang Min
Published: November 2017

Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. For certain types of cancer, chemotherapy drugs have been extensively used for treatment. However, severe side effects and the development of resistance are the drawbacks of these agents. Therefore, development of new agents with no or minimal side effects is of utmost importance. In this regard, natural compounds are well recognized as drugs in several human ailments, including cancer. One class of fungi, “mushrooms,” contains numerous compounds that exhibit interesting biological activities, including antitumor activity. Many researchers, including our own group, are focusing on the anticancer potential of different mushrooms and the underlying molecular mechanism behind their action. The aim of this review is to discuss PI3K/AKT, Wnt-CTNNB1, and NF-κB signaling pathways, the occurrence of genetic alterations in them, the association of these aberrations with different human cancers and how different nodes of these pathways are targeted by various substances of mushroom origin. We have given evidence to propose the therapeutic attributes and possible mode of molecular actions of various mushroom-originated compounds. However, anticancer effects were typically demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo models and very limited number of studies have been conducted in the human population. It is our belief that this review will help the research community in designing concrete preclinical and clinical studies to test the anticancer potential of mushroom-originated compounds on different cancers harboring particular genetic alteration(s).
A National Analysis of Shackling Laws and Policies as They Relate to Pregnant Incarcerated Women
Authors: Thomas Sarah Y. , Lanterman Jennifer L.
Published: November 2017

Pregnant incarcerated women pose unique challenges in jails and prisons. Many states still require or permit the shackling of pregnant incarcerated women throughout the pregnancy and during labor, delivery, and recovery. This study includes a content analysis of shackling laws and policies currently in effect throughout the United States. The findings identify the range of shackling laws and policies at the state level and whether these laws and policies adhere to a female indifferent or gender-specific orientation. Finally, the implications are discussed to assist lawmakers and correctional administrators in understanding the effects and potential outcomes of certain types of laws and policies.
Distal Pole Resection of the Scaphoid for the Treatment of Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid Osteoarthritis
Authors: Berkhout Merel J.-L. , Bachour Yara , Wessing Daan , Ritt Marco J. P. F.
Published: November 2017

Background: Distal pole resection of the scaphoid is one of the surgical techniques applied for the treatment of painful scaphotrapeziotrapezoid osteoarthritis (STT-OA). Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated midterm outcomes in a consecutive series of patients who underwent distal pole resection of the scaphoid: 13 patients (15 wrists) with a mean follow-up of 4.1 years. We examined objective functional and patient-reported outcome measures. In addition, we assessed the degree of dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) and postoperative complications. Results: All patients scored within a normal range on objective functional and patient-reported outcome measures. We observed a mild postoperative DISI deformity with an average lunocapitate angle of 22° (range, 0°-44°), which did not correlate with pain scores. In the opposite wrists, with and without STT-OA, the average lunocapitate angle was 6° (range, 0°-20°). Conclusions: According to this study, midterm results for distal pole resection of the scaphoid are satisfactory.
A Study of Self-Regulated Learning in College String Majors
Authors: Kim Susan J.
Published: November 2017

Recent research in music education has found that college or conservatory students demonstrate similar self-regulated learning behaviors to those of professional musicians. Yet, how a musician becomes an expert is still unknown. The purpose of my study was to investigate how college string majors demonstrate efficient self-regulated practice behaviors, how they use self-regulated learning behaviors in their practice sessions to become independent learners, and how the semi-structured practice diary can be an effective tool for enhancing self-regulated learning in instrumental practice. I conducted a collective case study on four college-level students: a freshman, sophomore, senior, and a recent college graduate. They were asked to keep a semi-structured diary based on an instrumental model of the self-regulated learning cycle. Through interviews, I also obtained information about their musical backgrounds and their attitudes toward practicing. Results substantiated previous research showing that college music students demonstrate a wide range of self-regulatory skills. Furthermore, results indicate that there are some plausible transition stages in becoming a skillful self-regulated learner.
Forum: ASTA Research Poster Sessions (2006-2014)
Authors: Palmquist Jane E.
Published: November 2017

The American String Teachers Association (ASTA) has held research poster sessions as part of its national conferences annually since 2006. From 2006-2014, 98 researchers contributed 147 original research studies to these sessions. Sixty-six of these researchers presented once, and 32 presented two or more studies. Since 2008, the research poster submissions have been juried and the research poster presentation sessions have had a designated slot in the annual ASTA conference program. An average of 17 research posters have been presented annually. The consistent number of poster submissions and the breadth of research topics may indicate the vitality of string research by ASTA members.
Tradition Bearers as Educators: A Multi-Case Study of the Teaching Behaviors and Beliefs of Three Old-Time Musicians
Authors: Blanton Christen , Dillon Mark , Macleod Rebecca B.
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the teaching behaviors and beliefs of three “tradition bearers” of old-time music: Alice Gerrard, Tom Sauber, and Lightnin’ Wells. The three teachers were selected based on their extensive careers as performers of old-time and folk music, and their reputations as teachers of old-time and folk music. Data were collected at the Swannanoa Gathering at Warren Wilson College in Asheville, North Carolina, and included 18 hours of video data, personal interviews, and field notes. Coding of the video revealed three main themes in the tradition bearers’ teaching: (1) Demonstration: use of recordings, teacher performance at tempo, teacher performance at reduced tempo, and co-verbal demonstration, (2) Verbal Instruction: verbal explanation, discussion, feedback, and story telling and (3) Group Play: whole group macro, whole group micro, and isolated play. Throughout the interviews, the tradition bearers shared their beliefs about teaching old-time music, the differences between they way they teach compared to how they learned, their goals for students, and their opinions about the role of tradition bearers in the education of old-time musicians.
The Development of a Detaché Rhythm Hierarchy for String Sight-Reading
Authors: Alexander Michael L. , Henry Michele L.
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the rhythm sight-reading ability of high school string players, establish a hierarchy for detaché rhythm skills in string sight-reading, and discover any effects of key or bow direction. Twenty-six rhythm skills, grouped into seven categories were embedded into four 8-measure melodies, which appeared in three different keys and with occasional designated bowings. Participants (N = 82) obtained a mean score of 19.1 (73%), with success rates ranging from 20% to 94% for individual rhythm skills. While significant differences were found between skills appearing in the major keys of D and E-flat, no significant differences were found by bow direction. Future researchers may explore whether these rhythm skills hold their relative difficulty level with less accomplished players, investigate the effects of various bowing practices, and identify any effects of anxiety levels for sight-reading when the consequences of performance quality varies.
A Comparison of Three Pedagogical Methods for Setting Cello Endpin Length
Authors: Tast Rebecca L.
Published: November 2017

In this two-part study I compared the endpin lengths and resulting cello setups produced by the Scroll to Nose Method, the Hand Span Method, and the Drop Method, and asked if height or gender affect endpin length. The endpin lengths produced by the three pedagogical methods were compared in part one. Participants (N=62) consisted of a convenience sample of adult volunteer students and faculty from a large comprehensive university school of music in the Midwest. Endpin lengths produced by the Scroll to Nose Method and the Drop Method were significantly longer than those produced by the Hand Span Method. There was also a significant interaction between pedagogical method and height. In part two I compared the cello setups resulting from the use of the three pedagogical methods. Participants (N=93) were string teachers responding to an online survey. Participants were asked to select pairs of pictures that, in their opinion, showed the best cello setup. Responses indicated an even split in the overall choice of the Scroll to Nose Method and the Drop Method.
Forum: Jacquelyn Dillon and the Development and Promotion of Heterogeneous String Class Teaching Methods in the United States
Authors: Tast Rebecca L.
Published: November 2017

This historical study was primarily focused with the influence of Jacquelyn Dillon on string music education in the United States, and more specifically, her role in the use and promotion of heterogeneous string classroom teaching methods. Although this study briefly covers Dillon's childhood and education, the primary research questions centered around the regional and national aspects of her career, and the impact of these events on string music education in the United States. Having served as a public-school educator, clinician, conductor, author, professional cellist, music industry representative, and teacher trainer, Dillon dedicated nearly every aspect of her more than 50-year career to the advancement of string music education in the United States. One of her most important contributions, however, involves her use and promotion of heterogeneous string classroom teaching methods.
Computational and mathematical methods in brain atlasing
Authors: Nowinski Wieslaw L
Published: November 2017

Brain atlases have a wide range of use from education to research to clinical applications. Mathematical methods as well as computational methods and tools play a major role in the process of brain atlas building and developing atlas-based applications.

Computational methods and tools cover three areas: dedicated editors for brain model creation, brain navigators supporting multiple platforms, and atlas-assisted specific applications.

Mathematical methods in atlas building and developing atlas-aided applications deal with problems in image segmentation, geometric body modelling, physical modelling, atlas-to-scan registration, visualisation, interaction and virtual reality.

Here I overview computational and mathematical methods in atlas building and developing atlas-assisted applications, and share my contribution to and experience in this field.
Ideal or an ordeal for organizations?
Authors: Garg Sargam , Fulmer Ingrid
Published: November 2017

Idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) are individualized employment arrangements negotiated between organizations and particular employees (“i-dealers”). Most prior research has focused on the two parties to the i-deal, but in the current work, we focus on the co-workers of i-dealers who are often affected by the i-deals of others in ways that have additional and sometimes unexpected implications for organizations. We present a theoretically grounded framework that integrates cognitive, affective, and contextual processes to better understand when and why co-workers develop positive, neutral, or negative reactions to such arrangements. We predict that a range of reactions can occur, and may vary in valence (positive, neutral, or no reaction, or negative), degree of activation (active or passive), and target of the reaction (the organization, the i-dealer, or self). The nature of the reaction mirrors the emotions of the co-worker in response to self- and other-oriented cognitive appraisals of the i-deal by the co-worker. The nature of the reaction is also shaped by the consistency of the i-deal with the organization’s norms for differential treatment of employees. In the concluding section, we discuss future extensions and research implications of our model, and a number of potential managerial considerations that derive from our theorizing.
The Perspective of the Intensivist on Inotropes and Postoperative Care Following Pediatric Heart Surgery: An International Survey and Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Roeleveld Peter P. , de Klerk J. C. A.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Inotropes are frequently being used in children undergoing heart surgery to prevent or treat low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS). There is only limited evidence that inotropes actually positively influence postoperative outcome. Our aim was to describe the current international practice variation in the use of inotropes following congenital heart surgery.

Methods:

We developed an online survey regarding the postoperative use of inotropes. We sent an invitation to all 197 registered members of the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society (PCICS) to participate in the survey. We also performed a systematic review of the literature.

Results:

Ninety-eight people (50%) responded, representing 62 international centers. Milrinone is routinely used perioperatively by 90 respondents (97%). Adrenaline/epinephrine is routinely used by 43%, dopamine by 36%, dobutamine by 11%, and levosimendan by 6%. Steroids are used routinely by 54% before initiating cardiopulmonary bypass. Vasopressin is used by 44% of respondents. The development of LCOS is monitored with lactate in 99% of respondents, physical examination (98%), intermittent mixed venous saturation (76%), continuous mixed venous saturation (13%), echocardiography (53%), core–peripheral temperature gap (29%), near-infrared spectrometry (25%), and 4% use cardiac output monitors (PiCCO, USCOM). To improve cardiac output, 42% add/increase milrinone, 37% add adrenaline, and 15% add dopamine. Rescue therapy is titrated individually, based on the patients’ pathophysiology. A systematic review of the literature failed to show compelling evidence with regard to the benefit of inotropes.

Conclusions:

Despite the lack of sufficient evidence, milrinone is used by the vast majority of caregivers following congenital heart surgery.
2005 to 2014 CT and MRI Utilization Trends in the Context of a Nondenial Prior Authorization Program
Authors: Powell Adam C. , Levin David C. , Kren Erin M. , Beveridge Roy A. , Long James W. , Gupta Amit K.
Published: November 2017

Purpose:

Reducing unnecessary testing may benefit patients, as some computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) expose patients to contrast, and all CTs expose patients to radiation. This observational study with historical controls assessed shifts in CT and MRI utilization over a 9-year period after a private health insurer’s implementation of a nondenial, consultative prior authorization program.

Methods/Materials:

Normalized rates of exams per 1000 person-years were plotted over 2005 to 2014 for people with commercial and Medicare Advantage health plans in the San Antonio market, with 2005 utilization set as the baseline. The program was implemented at the start of 2006. Computed tomography and MRI utilization changes were compared with contemporaneous changes in low-tech plain film and ultrasound utilization.

Results:

Growth in high-tech imaging utilization decelerated or reversed during the period. In 2006, CT utilization dropped to between 76% and 90% of what it had been in 2005, depending on the plan. In 2014, it was between 52% and 88% of its initial level. MRI utilization declined to between 86% and 94% of its initial level in 2006, and then to between 50% and 75% in 2014. Ultrasound utilization was greater in 2014 than in 2005 for some plans. Plain film utilization declined between 2005 and 2014 for all plans.

Conclusion:

There was an immediate and sustained decline in CT and MRI utilization after the introduction of the program. While many factors may have impacted the long-term trends, the mixed trends in low-tech imaging suggest that a decline in low-tech imaging was not responsible for the decline in CT and MRI utilization.
Behind the scenes: a cross-country study into third-party website referencing and the online advertising ecosystem
Authors: Nurse Jason R. C. , Buckley Oliver
Published: November 2017

The ubiquitous nature of the Internet provides an ideal platform for human communication, trade, information sharing and learning. Websites play a central role in these activities as they often act as a key point of interaction for individuals in navigating through cyberspace. In this article, we look beyond the visual interface of websites to consider exactly what occurs when a webpage is visited. In particular, we focus on the various web scripts that are often programmatically executed, to explore the extent to which third-party sites are referenced. Our aim is to study these references and the ecosystem that they create. To gain maximal impact while also allowing for a cross-country comparison, our study is scoped to an assessment of the top 250 sites in the UK, USA, Germany, Russia and Japan. From our analysis, there are various novel contributions of note. These include the empirical identification of a vast ecosystem of third-party information processing sites, especially advertisement networks, and the evidential discovery of a few significant players irrespective of country and locale. Through a user study, we also find that while individuals do have some knowledge of the prevalence of advertisements in websites, their understanding of the variety of activities that occur upon visiting websites, is not widely known. Going forward, we therefore advocate for increased transparency in such activities and the wider online advertisement ecosystem.
From explicit to implicit orientation: mapping rank scale to modality in English and Chinese
Authors: Chen Shu-Kun
Published: November 2017

In Systemic Functional Grammar, modality is treated as a semantic domain that extends across more than one grammatical environment. The basic distinction that determines various realizations of modality is modeled as the system of ORIENTATION. This paper aims to compare the explicit/implicit manifestations of modality in English and Chinese, a relatively less discussed issue in previous literature. After introducing the system network of modality in SFG, the paper, based on the rank theory, posits that the explicit/implicit orientation could be mapped clearly onto the choices of three ranks: clause, phrase/group and word. A meaning-oriented criterion is set up as follows: (i) Explicit modality is construed as Figure/Proposition; (ii) Quasi-explicit modality is construed as projecting Circumstance; (iii) Implicit modality is construed as modal Adjunct, part of Process/Predicator or mood element. Provided this criterion, various realizations of modality are examined along the rank scale both in English and Chinese. It is found that the two languages share similar lexicogrammatical strategies in this respect. Some major differences are: (i) Verbal groups (e.g.shuō bú dìng‘say NEG firm’) can be used to construe implicit modality in Chinese. This phenomenon is not found in English. (ii) In English, the choice of explicit and implicit modality parallels the choice of subjective and objective modality. In Chinese, however, the choice of subjective and objective modality is available only when explicit modality is opted. A small-scale analysis of how modality is translated in a parallel corpus shows preliminary evidence for the above observations.
Lithofacies and stratigraphy of a complete Woodford Shale outcrop section in South Central Oklahoma: Geologic considerations for the evaluation of unconventional shale reservoirs
Authors: Galvis Henry , Becerra Daniela , Slatt Roger
Published: November 2017

We have developed a detailed rock-based documentation of a previously undescribed Woodford Shale outcrop in South Central Oklahoma. The complete exposed section provided the opportunity to investigate lithologic attributes across the complete Woodford Shale thickness, as well as on its under- and overlying formational contacts. Within the Woodford Shale strata, seven lithofacies were recognized honoring textural and compositional attributes, and they were grouped based on their weathering response into soft (incompetent) and hard (competent) beds. Internally, across the Woodford interval, there is an overall upward increase in quartz content, represented by higher proportions of siliceous shales and chert around the middle and upper members, whereas the lower member is mostly dominated by organic and clay-rich shales interbedded with minor proportions of cherty beds. However, most notable was the rhythmic cyclicity between hard (brittle) and soft (ductile) lithofacies throughout the Woodford, from which systematic measurements of bed thickness and soft-to-hard ratios are examined to illustrate multiple scenarios of stratigraphic anisotropy. The geologic assessment of reservoir quality was assessed using the vertical arrangement of lithofacies, from which we hypothesized that potential target zones are interpreted to be composed by high-frequency interbeddings of organic-rich “soft” beds (acting as a local source) and “hard” brittle beds (acting as more frackable or fractured rocks). According to this model and the vertical stratigraphy, a potential target zone is interpreted to lie in between the upper half of the middle Woodford and lower half of the upper Woodford member, where the soft-to-hard ratio is approximately 50/50 and the beds are thinner.
Trauma and psychotic experiences: transnational data from the World Mental Health Survey
Authors: McGrath John J. , Saha Sukanta , Lim Carmen C. W. , Aguilar-Gaxiola Sergio , Alonso Jordi , Andrade Laura H. , Bromet Evelyn J. , Bruffaerts Ronny , Caldas de Almeida José M. , Cardoso Graça , de Girolamo Giovanni , Fayyad John , Florescu Silvia , Gureje Oye , Haro Josep M. , Kawakami Norito , Koenen Karestan C. , Kovess-Masfety Viviane , Lee Sing , Lepine Jean-Pierre , McLaughlin Katie A. , Medina-Mora Maria E. , Navarro-Mateu Fernando , Ojagbemi Akin , Posada-Villa Jose , Sampson Nancy , Scott Kate M. , Tachimori Hisateru , ten Have Margreet , Kendler Kenneth S. , Kessler Ronald C.
Published: November 2017

Background

Traumatic events are associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences, but it is unclear whether this association is explained by mental disorders prior to psychotic experience onset.

Aims

To investigate the associations between traumatic events and subsequent psychotic experience onset after adjusting for post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental disorders.

Method

We assessed 29 traumatic event types and psychotic experiences from the World Mental Health surveys and examined the associations of traumatic events with subsequent psychotic experience onset with and without adjustments for mental disorders.

Results

Respondents with any traumatic events had three times the odds of other respondents of subsequently developing psychotic experiences (OR=3.1, 95% CI 2.7–3.7), with variability in strength of association across traumatic event types. These associations persisted after adjustment for mental disorders.

Conclusions

Exposure to traumatic events predicts subsequent onset of psychotic experiences even after adjusting for comorbid mental disorders.
Rheumatoid arthritis in an adult patient with mosaic distal 18q-, 18p- and dicentric ring chromosome 18
Authors: Chau Alanna , Ramesh KH , Jagannath Anand D , Arora Shitij
Published: November 2017

Ring chromosome 18 has a highly variable phenotype, depending on the extent of distal arm deletions. It is most commonly presented as a combination of 18p- and distal 18q- syndrome. IgA deficiency and autoimmune diseases have been previously described in these patients. Seven cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) have been reported. Here we report the first case of late onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a 32 year old Dominican woman with hypothyroidism, vitiligo, IgA deficiency, interstitial lung disease (ILD), cystic bronchiectasis, and features consistent with 18p- and distal 18q syndrome. Comparative genome hybridization analysis showed a del(18p11.21p11.32), dup(18q11.21-q22.1), and del(18q22.1-q23). Chromosomal analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed three cell lines. One cell line was detected with a dicentric ring chromosome, another with duplication of the long arm and no short arm, and lastly a long arm terminal deletion of 18. The multiple autoimmune findings in our patient lends further support to the idea of loci on chromosome 18 playing a role in autoimmune disease expression. Late onset RA and ILD in a patient with chromosome 18 abnormalities are novel findings and are additional conditions to be aware of in this population.
Detection of illicit online sales of fentanyls via Twitter
Authors: Mackey Tim K. , Kalyanam Janani
Published: November 2017

A counterfeit fentanyl crisis is currently underway in the United States.  Counterfeit versions of commonly abused prescription drugs laced with fentanyl are being manufactured, distributed, and sold globally, leading to an increase in overdose and death in countries like the United States and Canada.  Despite concerns from the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency regarding covert and overt sale of fentanyls online, no study has examined the role of the Internet and social media on fentanyl illegal marketing and direct-to-consumer access.  In response, this study collected and analyzed five months of Twitter data (from June-November 2015) filtered for the keyword “fentanyl” using Amazon Web Services.  We then analyzed 28,711 fentanyl-related tweets using text filtering and a machine learning approach called a Biterm Topic Model (BTM) to detect underlying latent patterns or “topics” present in the corpus of tweets.  Using this approach we detected a subset of 771 tweets marketing the sale of fentanyls online and then filtered this down to nine unique tweets containing hyperlinks to external websites.  Six hyperlinks were associated with online fentanyl classified ads, 2 with illicit online pharmacies, and 1 could not be classified due to traffic redirection.  Importantly, the one illicit online pharmacy detected was still accessible and offered the sale of fentanyls and other controlled substances direct-to-consumers with no prescription required at the time of publication of this study.   Overall, we detected a relatively small sample of Tweets promoting illegal online sale of fentanyls.  However, the detection of even a few online sellers represents a public health danger and a direct violation of law that demands further study.
The law on sport in the light of the opinion of the fitness instructors and personal trainers
Authors: Proskura Patrycja , Witkowski Kazimierz
Published: November 2017

StreszczeniePopularność pracy w charakterze instruktora fitness oraz trenera personalnego w naszym kraju stale rośnie. Prawo dotyczące tej grypy zawodowej w Polsce nie jest uregulowane, co stwarza wiele wątpliwości dotyczących jakości ich kwalifikacji. Obowiązująca ustawa o sporcie z dnia 25 czerwca 2010 roku m.in. zrównała wymogi dla trenerów i instruktorów, wykluczyła wymóg ukończenia studiów wyższych oraz wyłączyła procedurę ubiegania się o zgodę ministra właściwego do spraw kultury fizycznej na prowadzenie specjalistycznych kursów trenerskich i instruktorskich.Celem artykułu było zbadanie odczuć samych instruktorów fitness oraz trenerów personalnych dotyczących obecnej ustawy o sporcie. Badania przeprowadzono we wrocławskich klubach fitness, w których wzięło udział 100 ankietowanych. AbstractThe popularity of the work as a fitness instructor and personal trainer in our country continues to grow. Right about this flu in Poland is not regulated, which creates a lot of concerns about the quality of their qualifications. The existing law on sport of 25 June 2010 requirements for trainers  and  instructors, excluded the requirement of graduate and cut off the procedure of applying for consent to the competent Minister of physical culture to carry out specialized trainer courses and instructor.The aim of the article was to examine the experience of the same fitness instructors and personal trainers on the current law on sport. The research was conducted in various fitness clubs, involving 100 respondents.
Learning and the capacity to care
Authors: Lewis Paul
Published: November 2017

Teaching a group of maternity and medical professionals has led Paul Lewis to reflect on his midwifery career, examining the lessons learned and colleagues who shaped his practice
Mindfulness for men with pregnant partners: An integrative literature review (Part one)
Authors: Jones Donovan , Ebert Lyn , Hazelton Michael
Published: November 2017

Background

Men are as likely to suffer stressors associated with pregnancy as their pregnant partners, but are less likely to receive support. Mindfulness interventions are a possible way to enable men to manage and reduce stress that may provoke anger and depression.

Aim

This integrative review examined original research into using mindfulness as an intervention for men during the perinatal period.

Methods

Using the question, ‘Can mindfulness based stress reduction reduce stress in men with pregnant partners during the perinatal period?’, a comprehensive search retrieved 157 articles. Following defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 original research papers were included in the review. Thematic analysis identified five themes, the first three of which will be discussed here.

Findings

Research suggests that men engaged in mindfulness-based stress reduction during the perinatal period experienced improvements in regulating emotions and handling stress, as well a deeper sense of connection with their pregnant partner.

Conclusion

To improve the wellbeing of men with pregnant partners, mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques are needed to help men to improve psychological wellbeing and better support their pregnant partners.
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Axcell Claire
Published: November 2017

Hyperemesis gravidarum has gained increasing recognition since the Duchess of Cambridge was first diagnosed in 2012. Yet, as Claire Axcell writes, it is still a misunderstood condition
Rhinitis and rhinosinusitis: When to think allergy and what to do
Authors: Scadding Glenis
Published: November 2017

Rhinitis and sinusitis are very common conditions seen in primary care. Most sufferers can be helped by accurate diagnosis and medical treatment. Simple measures include douching the nose with saline and avoiding provoking factors such as allergens and pollutants, including environmental tobacco smoke. Additionally, pharmacotherapy can be useful for allergic rhinitis, and involves topical nasal corticosteroids, antihistamines or a combination of the two intranasally. Immunotherapy is reserved for those whose symptoms remain uncontrolled despite pharmacotherapy, and who have one or two major allergens driving their disease. Rhinosinusitis, whether acute or chronic, involves impaired sinus ventilation and drainage due to inflammation, which can be eosinophilic, neutrophilic or a combination of the two. Medical treatment should be tried initially, unless the patient has orbital cellulitis or intracranial signs in which case urgent surgical attention is needed. Few patients need referral to secondary care, but it is important to be able to identify them correctly.

Rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are commonly seen in primary care. Practice nurses are well placed to diagnose and treat both conditions effectively in most patients. Glenis Scadding provides an overview of both conditions
Hormone replacement therapy: Helping women decide
Authors: Abernethy Kathy
Published: November 2017

Menopause occurs around the age of 51 on average and for some women, but not all, it is accompanied by troublesome symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats and vaginal dryness. Symptoms can vary in intensity and duration. Women with symptoms that they find bothersome may seek medical advice. Hormone replacement therapy is the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms; however, not all women want or need it. Many clinicians are uncertain about the evidence around hormone replacement therapy. This article aims to provide an overview of the risks and benefits of treatment, and highlights the importance of providing individualised advice.

Hormone replacement therapy for the menopause can be a confusing topic. Kathy Abernethy provides practice nurses with the information they need to help women make an informed choice about the right treatment for them
Malaria prevention in travellers 2017: Changes to the guidelines and implications for practice
Authors: Campos-Matos Ines , Freedman Joanne , Simons Hilary
Published: November 2017

The new 2017 malaria prevention guidelines provide practical and comprehensive advice and recommendations for practice nurses working in travel health
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Winter George
Published: November 2017

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis of Single-Gene Disorders by Use of Droplet Digital PCR
Authors: Camunas-Soler Joan , Lee Hojae , Hudgins Louanne , Hintz Susan R , Blumenfeld Yair J , El-Sayed Yasser Y , Quake Stephen R
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND

Prenatal diagnosis in pregnancies at risk of single-gene disorders is currently performed using invasive methods such as chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis. This is in contrast with screening for common aneuploidies, for which noninvasive methods with a single maternal blood sample have become standard clinical practice.

METHODS

We developed a protocol for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of inherited single-gene disorders using droplet digital PCR from circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma. First, the amount of cfDNA and fetal fraction is determined using a panel of TaqMan assays targeting high-variability single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Second, the ratio of healthy and diseased alleles in maternal plasma is quantified using TaqMan assays targeting the mutations carried by the parents. Two validation approaches of the mutation assay are presented.

RESULTS

We collected blood samples from 9 pregnancies at risk for different single-gene disorders, including common conditions and rare metabolic disorders. We measured cases at risk of hemophilia, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, cystic fibrosis, β-thalassemia, mevalonate kinase deficiency, acetylcholine receptor deficiency, and DFNB1 nonsyndromic hearing loss. We correctly differentiated affected and unaffected pregnancies (2 affected, 7 unaffected), confirmed by neonatal testing. We successfully measured an affected pregnancy as early as week 11 and with a fetal fraction as low as 3.7% (0.3).

CONCLUSIONS

Our method detects single-nucleotide mutations of autosomal recessive diseases as early as the first trimester of pregnancy. This is of importance for metabolic disorders in which early diagnosis can affect management of the disease and reduce complications and anxiety related to invasive testing.
Divinidad y desastres. Interpretaciones, manifestaciones y respuestas.
Authors: García Acosta Virginia Araceli
Published: November 2017

Atribuir a un origen supranatural o divino la presencia de amenazas naturales o biológicas, e incluso de desastres, ha constituido una constante a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad. No obstante, las formas sociales y culturales, así como las manifestaciones y respuestas en diferentes geografías y momentos históricos, dan cuenta de las múltiples y complejas maneras en que el hombre, a través de la cultura, perfila su interpretación de y su relación con la naturaleza y con la divinidad. Este ensayo presenta una selección de ejemplos ilustrativos al respecto, provenientes de fuentes primarias trabajadas por investigadores especialistas en el estudio histórico y social de los desastres. Se centra espacial y temporalmente en los confines de la Monarquía Hispánica, rebasándolos cuando resulta necesario llevar a cabo comparaciones y contrastes.
La lucha de los Santos. Corporaciones e Imágenes religiosas vinculadas a la inundación de 1629 en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Cuéllar Meléndez Mario Hugo
Published: November 2017

Las inundaciones sufridas por los habitantes de la Ciudad de México a principios del siglo XVII animaron una serie de explicaciones en donde se conjugaban simultáneamente razonamientos naturales, sociales y religiosos en la búsqueda por entender por qué la ciudad se inundaba y cómo se podía enfrentar semejante riesgo. Las inundaciones eran percibidas como el resultado del sitio donde se fundó la ciudad y las actividades económicas desarrolladas después de la Conquista; pero también prevalecía la idea de que eran la consecuencia de un castigo divino. Las formas de responder a la amenaza de inundación se manifestaron en ambos sentidos, pero las inundaciones ocurridas en las primeras décadas del siglo XVII, especialmente la inundación de 1629, revitalizaron la perspectiva punitiva que traía implícitas respuestas relacionadas a pedir la intercesión de los santos y vírgenes. En los momentos de crisis una “lluvia de santos y vírgenes” fueron propuestos por diversas corporaciones con el objetivo de que alguno de ellos fuera reconocido como el mejor patrón contra las inundaciones. En un contexto conflictivo y caracterizado por la constante presencia de la amenaza de inundación, éstas imágenes jugaron un papel importante en el reacomodo político y social posterior a la coyuntura de inundaciones de principios del siglo XVII.
Nociones, creencias e ideas sobre plagas de langosta en Guatemala y Nueva España, siglo XVIII
Authors: Arrioja Díaz Viruell Luis Alberto
Published: November 2017

Este artículo analiza la manera en que las autoridades –políticas y religiosas- de dos espacios indianos –la capitanía mayor de Guatemala y el virreinato de Nueva España- percibieron y entendieron las plagas de langosta entre 1700 y 1805; asimismo, se analizan una serie de instrumentos -temporales y espirituales- que ponen de relieve las nociones e ideas que existían sobre dichos fenómenos. A lo largo del texto se examina el contexto –ideológico y fáctico- en que surgieron y evolucionaron dichas ideas. Primeramente, aquellas que se basaron en argumentos bíblicos y providencialistas. En segundo lugar, las que se anclaron en el pensamiento racionalista e ilustrado.
PLATFORM WITH CAMERA SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT OF COMPENSATORY MOVEMENTS OF SMALL ANIMALS
Authors: Kutílek Patrik , Škoda David , Hýbl Ján , Černý Rudolf , Frynta Daniel , Landová Eva , Frýdlová Petra , Kurali Aniko , Doskočil Radek , Křivánek Václav
Published: November 2017

The article introduces systems and methods of a controllable rotational platform used for measuring compensatory movement of small animals. The system, based on a camera subsystem, is located on a mechanical platform powered by a set of three actuators. The subsystems and methods allow to measure angles of the platform’s orientation in space and body segment angles in both anatomical and Earth’s coordinate systems. The methods of video processing, selection of measurement parameters and detection of anatomical angles are thoroughly described in this article. The study also deals with the software designed in MatLab®, which controls the platform, records and processes videos, and obtains angles for the movement analysis. The system was tested for measuring a head rotation of a small reptile/amphibian and monitored reflective markers on the creature’s body by the camera system. This method has never been described before. The new subsystems of the platform and methods for monitoring animal’s head compensatory movements can be used in studies of the neural system and its evolution.
Jim Jarmusch: Musik und Narration
Authors: Feiten Benedikt
Published: November 2017

Auf einem »Boot inmitten des Atlantik« sieht der amerikanische Independent-Regisseur Jim Jarmusch seine stilistische Position: in einem Meer transnationaler Einflüsse, deren Wellen seine Produktion und Filmerzählungen prägen. Doch das Boot bliebe ohne den Wind der Filmmusik mit schlaffem Segel liegen. Benedikt Feiten nutzt Filmwissenschaft, Musikwissenschaft und transnational orientierte Amerikanistik, um deren narrative Funktionen zu ergründen. Er zeigt, wie die Musik ein Erzählsystem stützt, das nicht auf Entwicklung, sondern auf Wiederholung und Variationen aufbaut. Dies eröffnet über Jarmuschs Werk hinaus Ansätze, um alternative filmische Erzählformen aus einer neuen Perspektive zu betrachten.
Star Gazing - Strategien der medialen Inszenierung bei Alfred Hitchcock und Gilbert & George
Authors: Seligmann Nadine
Published: November 2017

Ebenso wie die mächtige Erscheinung des Filmemachers Alfred Hitchcock noch heute fasziniert, haben die Künstler Gilbert & George über mehrere Jahrzehnte eine unverwechselbare Markenidentität kreiert. Anhand dieser prominenten Positionen analysiert Nadine Seligmann unter Berücksichtigung paratextueller Elemente, darunter Trailer, Printwerbung und Fotografien, Mechanismen der Starproduktion. Dabei liegt ihr Fokus auf den Performances und (Ab-)Bildern der Akteure, wie sie sich über verschiedene Medien in Wiederholungsprozessen zu einem kohärenten Image formieren.
Preparation and characterization of polyani-line/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite by laser irradiation
Authors: Shahin N A M , El Mongy S Abd , Kamal R , El- Bially A B , A Shabaka A , Barakat F
Published: November 2017

Polyaniline (PANI) - Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite were prepared using laser irradiation method. X-ray diffraction results showed that, (PANI/PVA) nanocomposite exhibited amorphous nature of polymer. The electronic transition will be studied using Ultraviolet-Visible spectrometer (UV-Vis). The real part of dielectric constant (έ) and imaginary part (ε") were studied. Also, the relaxation time was calculated.