bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence from Whole Genome Sequencing of Aerosol Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 almost Five Hours after Hospital Room Turnover
Authors: Charness Michael E. , Gupta Kalpana , Linsenmeyer Katherine , Strymish Judith , Madjarov Rebecca , Stack Gary
Published: January 2024

Experimental evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 remains viable within aerosols with a half-life of approximately 1-3 hours, though changes in aerosol microenvironment may shorten viability to minutes. However, it remains unclear how long airborne SARS-CoV-2 can transmit infection. Whole genome sequencing of nasopharyngeal samples obtained from patients on an outbreak unit suggested in-room transmission of the delta variant, AY3 lineage, of SARS-CoV-2 to two patients admitted 1 hour, 43 minutes and 4 hours, 45 minutes after discharge of an asymptomatic infected patient. These findings suggest that airborne SARS-CoV-2 may transmit infection for nearly 5 hours, even in a hospital setting.
Regularized Robust Strategic Asset Allocation under Stochastic Variance-Covariance of Asset Returns
Authors: Kusuda Koji , Kikuchi Kentaro
Published: January 2024

This study considers a finite-time robust consumption-investment problem under a quadratic security market model with stochastic variances and covariances of asset returns, as well as stochastic interest rates, market price of risk, and inflation rates. Because the optimal portfolio is proportional to the inverse of the stochastic variance-covariance matrix of asset returns, it becomes unstable when near-singularity of the variance-covariance matrix occurs. We propose a regularized consumption-investment problem in which the near-singularity risk is introduced into the budget constraint equation as a regularization term. We show that the optimal regularized portfolio can be stable and decomposed into the product of the ''standard deviation,'' ''correlation,'' and ''investment control'' factors. As the optimal regularized robust portfolio contains an unknown function that is a solution to a nonlinear PDE, we derive an approximate optimal regularized portfolio. Our numerical analysis shows that the market timing effects in the approximate optimal regularized asset allocation are significant and nonlinear, and all factors contribute to these market timing effects.
JEL classification: C61, G11
TGR5 protects against pSNL-induced mechanical allodynia by alleviating neuroinflammation in the injured nerves of male mice
Authors: Shi Wen-Ge , Yao Yao , Liang Ya-Jing , Lei Jie , Feng Shi-Yang , Tian Yue , Zhang Zi-Xian , Cai Jie , Xing Guo-Gang , Fu Kai-Yuan
Published: January 2024

Neuropathic pain is a pervasive medical challenge that currently lacks effective treatment solutions. Molecular changes occurring at the site of peripheral nerve damage contribute to the development of peripheral and central sensitization, which are critical components of neuropathic pain. This study aimed to investigate the role of the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (GPBAR1, also known as TGR5) in the peripheral mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (pSNL) in male mice. TGR5 was upregulated in injured nerves and colocalized predominantly with macrophages. Peri-sciatic nerve administration of the TGR5-specific agonist INT-777 provided sustained relief from mechanical allodynia. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that pain relief was primarily attributable to reduced neuroinflammation. This finding was corroborated by a reduction in myeloid cells and proinflammatory mediators (including CCL3, CXCL9, IL-6, and TNF-α), accompanied by an increase in the percentage of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages following INT-777 administration. Furthermore, myeloid cell-specific TGR5 knockdown in the sciatic nerve following pSNL exacerbated both mechanical allodynia and neuroinflammation. This is substantiated by data from the bulk RNA-seq and upregulated expression levels of inflammatory mediators (including CCL3, CCL2, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β), as well as increased monocytes/ macrophages in the injured nerve. Besides, the activation of microglia in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of spinal cord induced by pSNL altered when TGR5 in the sciatic nerve was manipulated. In summary, TGR5, present in injured nerves, plays a protective role and offers potential as a target for treating neuropathic pain.
Multiprofessionelle Kooperation als Zielperspektive der universitären Lehrer*innenbildung. Systematisches Literaturreview zu Ausbildungsangeboten für Lehramtsstudierende und deren Wirkung im Kontext der „Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung“
Authors: Schuldt Alessa
Published: January 2024

Ausgehend von der Forderung, (angehende) Lehrkräfte besser für die multiprofessionelle Teamarbeit mit anderen pädagogischen Berufsgruppen und die damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen zu qualifizieren, setzt sich dieser Beitrag zum Ziel, den aktuellen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsstand an Ausbildungsformaten für die inklusionssensible Lehrer*innenbildung sowie deren Wirkung zu erfassen. Ein besonderer Fokus wird hierbei auf den Output der von Bund und Ländern finanzierten „Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung“ gelegt. So sollen mithilfe eines systematischen Literaturreviews zentrale konzeptionelle Ergebnisse und empirische Befunde zusammengefasst und im Anschluss daran Implikationen für die inklusionssensible Lehrer*innenbildung nach dem Auslaufen der oben genannten Förderlinie Ende 2023 diskutiert werden.
Abstract
Based on the demand to qualify (prospective) teachers for multi-professional teamwork with other pedagogical professions and the challenges of interdisciplinary collaboration, this article aims to record the current state of research and development of pre-service teacher trainings for inclusive teacher education as well as their impact. A special focus is placed on the output of the German "Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung", which is financed by the federal and state governments of Germany. Thus, this article summarizes central results and empirical findings by conducting a systematic literature review.
Factors Affecting Work Productivity among Employees in the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) Industry
Authors: L. Malicay Rosalyn , C Gano-an Jonathan
Published: January 2024

Employee productivity is influenced by a variety of factors. Productivity is essential for increasing employees’ performance, which contributes to organizations’ success. This study examines how work environment, work load, and supervisor support influence workforce productivity. Although several previous studies have investigated the factors influencing productivity, this study concentrates on three particular areas: workload, supervisor support and work environment. The primary data was gathered from business process outsourcing (BPO) employees, and an adapted questionnaire was distributed. A total of 100 business process outsourcing employees in Davao City completed the survey. The findings showed that a safe working place, workload, and the support of supervisor influenced the productivity of BPO employees. A p-value of < 01 indicates an association between a safe work environment, workload, and supervisor support and employee productivity. These results conclude that work environment, workload and supervisor support are positively influential on employee productivity among the BPO employees who participated in this study.
The Perception Reality of Sustainable Investment in Millennial and Generation Z
Authors: Lestari Dini , Wiryono Sudarso Kaderi
Published: January 2024

Extensive research on human behavior and decision-making has been conducted because sustainable practices are among the elements that help improve the quality of human life today. Members of various generations act differently from others in terms of consumer references, ideas, habits, and how they approach societal issues when making judgments. In addition to determining whether or not they are persuaded to adopt specific investing niches, like sustainable investments, based on their personal perspectives, the research aims to ascertain the level of awareness of sustainability issues in finance among Millennials and Generation Z in Indonesia. The research is presented as quantitative research, with 240 individual investor samples. Data were examined using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that influencers do not impact sustainable investment, while impact on return, risk-averseness, and positive performance positively influence sustainable investments. Finally, this paper discusses the implications for investors and the government.
Knowledge Communication Strategy in Infrastructure Business
Authors: Widianingrum Ratna
Published: January 2024

Infrastructure development is a program that usually includes mega projects and involves many stakeholders in its implementation, thus providing great opportunities for knowledge creation. However, the complexity that arises often prevents the creation of knowledge, either through the process of improving existing knowledge or through the process of discovering new knowledge. The process of changing knowledge through knowledge management to facilitate intra- and inter-organizational knowledge transfer has been discussed in various studies on knowledge management, but specific discussion on how to communicate strategies in knowledge management, especially in the infrastructure industry, is still sparse. This study aims to determine how the knowledge management process and public relations program actions in knowledge communication strategy can be adopted. The strategy will motivate systematic efforts to develop information and knowledge and create value in the future. The methodology used in this paper is searching for data and information through books, journals, and articles related to the topic. The results of this paper provide an understanding of the concepts and strategies of knowledge communication in knowledge management and its application to the infrastructure industry.
Impact of paddy on groundwater declination in Central Punjab
Authors: Singla Chetan , Aggarwal Rajan , Kaur Samanpreet
Published: January 2024

Central Punjab includes over 40% of the state of Punjab. In Central Punjab, groundwater levels are dropping by more than 1 m every year. The primary cause of groundwater depletion in Central Punjab between 1998 and 2019 is presented in this paper. In order to detect any sudden changes in the area under paddy and the depth of groundwater, Pettitt's test was used. Based on change points and trends, the entire duration was split into two time periods: 1998–2008 (T1) and 2009–2019 (T2); rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, and paddy area were assessed in both periods with 1998–2019 (T3). The slope methodology developed by Mann–Kendall and Sen demonstrated the trend analysis. The findings showed that changes in climate were caused by humans during the 1998–2008 era, changes in meteorological variables were caused by humans during the 2008–2019 period, and changes in climate were caused by humans during the T3 period. The major growing trend of groundwater depth loss is thought to be caused by the combined effects of rainfall variations, an increase in the maximum temperature, cropping intensity, and the number of pumping units.
Total Glucosides of Paeony Induce Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis by Promoting the Degradation of α5-nAChR in Melanoma Cells
Authors: Meng Xianguang , Cheng Ling , Jiao Jing , Xing Yuanxin , Zhang Li
Published: January 2024

background:

Malignant melanoma is the leading cause of skin cancer-related death with high malignancy and rapid progression. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) is extracted from the roots of Paeonia Lactiflora Pall and widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and adjuvant therapy of tumor chemotherapy.

Methods:

In the present research, M14 and A375 cells were treated with TGP. CCK8, transwell
and western blotting were performed to analyze the effect of TGP on cell function.

objective:

N/A

Results:

TGP treatment impeded the proliferation and migration and activated the apoptosis
pathway in melanoma cells. Importantly, TGP induced the degradation of α5-nAChR. Overexpression
of α5-nAChR inhibited the anti-cancer effect of TGP. In addition, TGP treatment released
cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction
in melanoma cells. TGP also inhibited the phosphorylation of P38-MAPK, and P38-MAPK inhibitor
reduced the promoting effect of α5-nAChR in cell proliferation and migration.

Conclusion:

TGP inhibited cell viability and migration and induced mitochondrial dysfunction
and apoptosis by promoting the degradation of α5-nAChR in melanoma cells. This research provided
a potential therapeutic anti-cancer drug for treatment strategies of melanoma.
Regioselective Synthesis of Cycloalkane-fused Pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyridines through Tandem Reaction of 5-aminopyrazoles, Cyclic Ketones and Electron-rich Olefins
Authors: Cuervo-Prado Paola , Orozco-López Fabián , Becerra-Rivas Christian , Leon-Vargas Diego , Lozano-Oviedo John , Cobo Justo
Published: January 2024

Background:

Pyrazolopyridines are interesting fused heterocyclic pharmacophores that combine pyrazole and pyridine; two privileged nuclei extensively studied and with a wide range of applications. They can be obtained by a broad variety of synthetic methods among which multicomponent reactions have gained importance, especially from 5-aminopyrazoles and dielectrophilic reagents. However, the search for new approaches more in tune with sustainable chemistry and the use of unconventional heating in three-component synthesis are open and highly relevant study fields.

Methods:

A novel, practical and efficient three-component synthesis of cycloalkane-fused pyra-zolo[4,3-e]pyridines was developed through a tandem reaction of 5-aminopyrazoles, cyclic ke-tones and electron-rich olefins, using microwave induction in perfluorinated solvent and iodine as catalyst.

Results:

The microwave-induced three-component approach applied in this work promoted the construction of 10 new pyrazolopyridines with high speed and excellent control of regioselec-tivity, favoring the linear product with good yields; where the versatility of electron-rich olefins in iodine-catalyzed cascade heterocyclizations, granted the additional benefit of easy isolation and the possibility to reuse the fluorous phase.

Conclusions:

Although pyrazolopyridines have been synthetically explored because of their structural and biological properties, most of the reported synthetic methods use common or even toxic organic solvents and conventional heating or multi-step processes. In contrast, this study applied a multicomponent methodology in a single step by microwave induction and with the versatility provided in this case by the use of perfluorinated solvent, which allowed easy isolation of the final product and recovery of the fluorous phase.
Effects of Glucosamine in the Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: A
Review
Authors: Sivakumar Sasidharan , Sivakumar Gowardhan , Sundramoorthy Ashok K.
Published: January 2024

Osteoarthritis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a chronic disease characterized
by irreversible damage to articular surfaces, including inflammation, loss of articular cartilage,
and subchondral bone alterations, which would be radiographically evident only in later stages.
Symptomatic slow-acting so-called nutraceutical drugs have been proposed as a treatment for osteoarthritis
in comparison to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) because of their appreciable
safety profile even in long-term intake. Glucosamine, being one among them, proved
highly efficient in knee osteoarthritis. However, its application in TMJ osteoarthritis dates back only
to 2001 and is still inconclusive in its efficiency even with systematic reviews, in restoring the
structural and functional aspects of damaged TMJ. Glucosamine, being a natural compound and also
a contributor to building the matrix of articular cartilage, can be utilized effectively for TMJ osteoarthritis
as an adjunct along with other conventional treatment modalities available till now,
which also have moderate prognosis in most of the clinical scenarios. This review summarizes data
relating to the mechanism of osteoarthritis and its management using glucosamine formulations.
The beneficial effects of glucosamine on the pathophysiology of TMJ osteoarthritis are possibly
due to its contribution to hyaluronic acid regulation and in establishing a proper balance between
anabolism/catabolism in the articular tissues.
Advanced Strategies of CAR-T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors and
Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Liu Yangjie , Peng Cao , Ahad Faiza , Ali Zaidi Syed Aqib , Muluh Tobias Achu , Fu Qiuxia
Published: January 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, known as CAR-T cells, represent a promising
breakthrough in the realm of adoptive cell therapy. These T-cells are genetically engineered to
carry chimeric antigen receptors that specifically target tumors. They have achieved notable
success in the treatment of blood-related cancers, breathing new life into this field of medical
research. However, numerous obstacles limit chimeric antigen receptors T-cell therapy's efficacy,
such as it cannot survive in the body long. It is prone to fatigue and exhaustion, leading to
difficult tumor elimination and repeated recurrence, affecting solid tumors and hematological
malignancies. The challenges posed by solid tumors, especially in the context of the complex
solid-tumor microenvironment, require specific strategies. This review outlines recent advancements
in improving chimeric antigen receptors T-cell therapy by focusing on the chimeric
antigen receptors protein, modifying T-cells, and optimizing the interaction between T-cells and
other components within the tumor microenvironment. This article aims to provide an extensive
summary of the latest discoveries regarding CAR-T cell therapy, encompassing its application
across various types of human cancers. Moreover, it will delve into the obstacles that have
emerged in recent times, offering insights into the challenges faced by this innovative approach.
Finally, it highlights novel therapeutic options in treating hematological and solid malignancies
with chimeric antigen receptors T-cell therapies.
Intranasal Radioiodinated Ferulic Acid Polymeric Micelles as the First
Nuclear Medicine Imaging Probe for ETRA Brain Receptor
Authors: Fayez Hend , Selim Adli , Shamma Rehab , Rashed Hassan
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

The aim of this work was to prepare a selective nuclear medicine imaging
probe for the Endothelin 1 receptor A in the brain.

Material and Methods:

Ferulic acid (an ETRA antagonist) was radiolabeled using 131I by direct
electrophilic substitution method. The radiolabeled ferulic acid was formulated as polymeric
micelles to allow intranasal brain delivery. Biodistribution was studied in Swiss albino mice by
comparing brain uptake of 131I-ferulic acid after IN administration of 131I-ferulic acid polymeric
micelles, IN administration of 131I-ferulic acid solution and IV administration of 131I-ferulic acid
solution.

Results:

Successful radiolabeling was achieved with an RCY of 98 % using 200 μg of ferulic
acid and 60 μg of CAT as oxidizing agents at pH 6, room temperature and 30 min reaction time.
131I-ferulic acid polymeric micelles were successfully formulated with the particle size of 21.63
nm and polydispersity index of 0.168. Radioactivity uptake in the brain and brain/blood uptake
ratio for I.N 131I-ferulic acid polymeric micelles were greater than the two other routes at all
periods.

Conclusion:

Our results provide 131I-ferulic acid polymeric micelles as a hopeful nuclear medicine
tracer for ETRA brain receptor.
Assessing Depression, Anxiety, Perceived Stress, and Job Burnout
in Hospital Medical Staff During COVID-19: A Cross-sectional
Study in Hamedan, Iran, 2019
Authors: Yazdi-Ravandi Saeid , Matinnia Nasrin , Haddadi Arya , Tayebi Mojtaba , Mamani Mojgan , Ghaleiha Ali
Published: January 2024

Background:

The medical staff who fought on the front line against the COVID-
19 pandemic were more affected by its physical and psychological dangers than others.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the level of depression, stress, anxiety, and job
burnout of the medical staff in the COVID-19 wards of Hamedan Hospitals.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, the study population consisted of all medical staff
working in educational and treatment centers affiliated with Hamedan University of Medical
Sciences in 2019, of which 173 were medical staff in COVID-19 wards, and 173 were
medical staff included by systematic random sampling from other wards. Data were collected
using a demographic information checklist, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety
Inventory, perceived stress scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed
with chi-square coefficient tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with
SPSS-22 software.

Results:

About 26.9% of medical staff in COVID-19 wards had high job burnout, significantly
different from those in non-COVID-19 wards (p < 0.05). The incidence of depression
was 67.5% among the medical staff in COVID-19 wards, including twenty-nine people
(18.5%) with mild depression, forty-two (26.7%) with moderate depression, and thirtyfive
(22.3%) with severe depression. Thirty people (19.1%) had mild anxiety, forty-three
(27.4%) had moderate anxiety, and three (3.3%) had severe anxiety. In addition, the prevalence
of perceived stress was 94.3%. A statistically significant difference was observed
between depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and job burnout in the medical staff of
COVID-19 wards and other wards (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Stress, anxiety, depression, and job burnout among staff working in COVID-
19 wards differ significantly from other hospital wards employees. In similar circumstances
to this pandemic, paying extra attention to medical staff is essential due to their role and
the effect of their health on society’s health.
Tailoring Cu/Hydroxyapatite Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenolysis of Biomass Derived Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Biofuel Additive
Authors: Pothu Ramyakrishna , Radwan Ahmed Bahgat , Paramasivam Shanmugam , Saran Aditya , Louis Hitler , Boddula Rajender , Rokhum Samuel Lalthazuala , Naik Ramachandra , Al-Qahtani Noora
Published: January 2024

Background:

Sustainable synthesis of γ-valerolactone (GVL) from levulinic
acid (LA) offers a sustainable approach to converting biomass-derived feedstocks
into valuable chemicals and fuel additves. Cu-Hydroxyapatite (Cu-HAp) catalysts
are potential candidates for vapor-phase hydrogenation of LA to GVL due to
their enhanced catalytic activity and selectivity through Cu nanoparticle support.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the catalytic performance of Cu-HAp catalysts
in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone. The primary goal was
to optimize reaction conditions and assess the enhanced catalytic activity and selectivity.

Methods:

The influence of copper loading, reaction temperature, and catalyst stability
was evaluated. Moreover, the effect of time on stream (TOS) on LA conversion and
GVL selectivity was examined by the best optimised Cu/HAp catalyst.

Results:

Cu-HAp catalysts exhibited favorable catalytic performance, with optimal
conditions at approximately 5 wt% copper loading. At this loading, maximum LA
conversion (60%) and GVL selectivity (90%) were achieved after 8 hours on the
stream at 265°C and 0.1 MPa conditions.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrates the efficacy of Cu-HAp catalysts for the hydrogenation
of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone. The findings indicate that as the copper
loading increases from 2 to 20 wt%, the conversion of LA and the selectivity to GVL
both decline. The analysis further implies that the dispersion of Cu species corresponds
directly to the activity observed during the LA hydrogenation. The conversion
of LA rises with a higher reaction temperature ranging from 250-320°C, although the
selectivity of GVL decreases above 265°C. The catalyst's stability is crucial for maintaining
efficient catalytic activity over time, with observed deactivation attributed to
Cu metal particle aggregation and coke formation on active sites. The findings contribute
to the development of robust catalyst systems for biomass-derived chemical
transformations.
Expression of mRNA-TLR-5 Gene in Patients with Endometriosis
using Real-time PCR in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Raghibi Maryam , Raghibi Maliheh , Morovvati Abbas , Shakib Pegah , Aflatoonian Reza , Dirbaiyan Ashkan
Published: January 2024

Background:

Endometriosis is one of the common diseases of women,
especially in reproductive age, and it is one of the most important causes of infertility in
women. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of mRNA-TLR-5 expression in
women with endometriosis.

Methods:

The present study was performed in Nikan Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2021. The
samples of endometrial mucosa for the eutopic group and an ovarian endometriotic cyst for
the ectopic group were obtained from the patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery at
the Fetal Infertility Center and were diagnosed with endometriosis. Normal endometrial
samples were also obtained from patients who had no history of infertility and underwent
laparoscopic TL surgery for reasons other than endometriosis such as ovarian cysts
(control group). After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, TLR-5 gene expression was
evaluated by the Real-Time PCR method.

Results:

Based on the results of the comparison of TLR-5 gene expression in all three
ectopic, eutopic endometrium, and control groups by Real-Time PCR, it was found that the
TLR-5 gene expression is significantly higher in ectopic samples than in the other two
groups, but there is a significant difference between two utopic and control groups.

Conclusion:

The increase in TLR-5 expression in the ectopic group can probably be a
reason for reducing the apoptosis of cells entered into the peritoneal cavity and creating an
environment for the survival and proliferation of these cells.
Investigation of EpsA, OmpA, and Bap Genes among MDR and
XDR Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates in Khorramabad, Iran
Authors: Poladi Iman , Shakib Pegah , Halimi Shahnaz , Delfani Somayeh , Zadeh Farzad Ebrahim , Rezaei Faranak
Published: January 2024

Background:

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic hospital pathogen
with high antibiotic resistance, and the ability to produce biofilm. This study aimed to investigate
epsA, ompA, and bap genes involved in biofilm formation in MDR and XDR
clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Khorramabad, Iran.

Methods:

In this study, 79 A. baumannii isolates were collected from various samples of
the patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Khorramabad city, Iran, between January and
August 2019. After performing the semi-quantitative evaluation of biofilm production by
microtiter plate assay, screening of isolates carrying epsA, ompA, and bap genes was done
by PCR method. Finally, statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 22.

Results:

Among 79 A.baumannii isolates, 52% XDR, 40% MDR, and 16% non-XDRMDR
isolates were found to be biofilm producers. All XDR and 94% MDR isolates had
ompA and epsA genes, and bap genes were detected among > 80% of these isolates.
Moreover, the presence of biofilm-related genes and biofilm production among non-XDRMDR
isolates were less than among resistant isolates (p≤ 0.01).

Conclusion:

Based on the results, biofilm production and simultaneous presence of epsA,
ompA, and bap genes among MDR, and XDR A. baumannii isolates have been found to be
significantly more than non-XDR-MDR isolates.
Üçüncü Basamak Bir Çocuk Endokrinoloji Kliniğinde Boy Kısalığı ile İzlenen Olguların Etiyolojik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Özgüç Çömlek Fatma , Özkaya Dönmez Beyhan , Yaşar Köstek Hümeyra , Dilek Emine , Bezen Diğdem , Tütüncüler Filiz
Published: January 2024

Amaç
Boy kısalığı (BK) boy uzunluğunun yaşa ve cinsiyete göre iki standart sapma (SD) altında olmasıdır. Boy kısalığı etiyolojisinde en büyük grubu idiyopatik boy kısalığı (İBK) oluşturmasına karşın, patolojik boy kısalıklarının erken tanı ve tedavisi normal erişkin boy potansiyeli kaybını önlemek açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada boy kısalığı tanısıyla izlenen olguların etiyolojik açıdan değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç-Yöntem
Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Endokrinolojisi Polikliniği’nde BK tanısıyla izlenen 536 olgu geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Olguların izlem dosyalarından tanı yaşı, cinsiyeti, aile öyküsü, antropometrik ve fizik muayene bulguları, birinci ve ileri düzey laboratuvar tetkikleri, tanı ve tedavi bilgileri kaydedildi. Boy SDS’si -2 - (-2,5) SDS arası olanlar hafif BK, ≤ -2,5 olanlar ağır BK, oturma yüksekliği / boy oranı yaşa göre normal ise orantılı, bozuk ise orantısız BK olarak tanımlandı. Olguda BK hafif, doğum ağırlığı normal, fizik ve laboratuvar incelemeleri ve büyüme hızı normal olup hedef boy ile öngörülen boy uyumlu ise idiyopatik BK, büyüme plağındaki sorunlara bağlı gelişen BK ise primer BK, büyüme plağını dolaylı olarak etkileyen nedenlere bağlı ise sekonder BK olarak tanımlandı.
Bulgular
BK tanılı 536 olgunun ortalama başvuru yaşı 10,8 ±3,3 (1,3-17,7) yıl olup, 296’sı (%55,2) erkek, 240’ı (%44,8) kız ve kız/erkek oranı: 1:1,2 idi. Başvuruda olguların ortalama vücut ağırlığı SDS 2,2 ±1,1 ve ortalama boy SDS -2,8 ±0,8 idi. İdiyopatik BK gurubu %69,3 (368 olgu) ile en sık görülen BK gurubuydu. İdiyopatik BK gurubun ortalama boy SDS -2,6±0,5 ile patolojik BK gurubuna göre anlamlı yüksekti (p
Masculinity and transfemininity: Evidence in the film "Memories of My Body"
Authors: Wicaksono Andri , Hastuti Hastuti
Published: January 2024

As a distinct field of research, so-called transfemininity studies can be used for the purposes of creating strategic coalitions and exploring specificities and differences. This study aims to explore the life journey of Arjuna (Juno), a man who is also a trans feminist, through the perspective of masculinity studies. The sub focuses of this research include: 1) transfemininity, physical transformation 2) and socio-psychological transformation. This research is interpretive qualitative research that verbally narrates data in the film Memories of My Body which was broadcast in 2019 as the data source. The results of the study show that Juno as the main character is caught between past trauma, his profession as a Lengger dancer, his sexual orientation and being liked by other men. Not yet finished making peace with himself, the people around him also add to the chaos with the end of his return to the beginning, trans-feminity – masculinity. Gender and sex as the other side of the coin are simple constructs, so future studies should be carried out to provide additional insights into the gender identities that have been internalized, reproduced, and possibly opposed by 'women' in everyday life in the social environment.
The Use of ChatGPT for Education Modules on Integrated Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Disease: Educators' Perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Worafi Yaser Mohammed , Goh Khang Wen , Hermansyah Andi , Tan Ching Siang , Ming Long Chiau
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays an important role in many fields, including medical education, practice, and research. Many medical educators started using ChatGPT at the end of 2022 for many purposes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the potential uses, benefits, and risks of using ChatGPT in education modules on integrated pharmacotherapy of infectious disease.

METHODS

A content analysis was conducted to investigate the applications of ChatGPT in education modules on integrated pharmacotherapy of infectious disease. Questions pertaining to curriculum development, syllabus design, lecture note preparation, and examination construction were posed during data collection. Three experienced professors rated the appropriateness and precision of the answers provided by ChatGPT. The consensus rating was considered. The professors also discussed the prospective applications, benefits, and risks of ChatGPT in this educational setting.

RESULTS

ChatGPT demonstrated the ability to contribute to various aspects of curriculum design, with ratings ranging from 50% to 92% for appropriateness and accuracy. However, there were limitations and risks associated with its use, including incomplete syllabi, the absence of essential learning objectives, and the inability to design valid questionnaires and qualitative studies. It was suggested that educators use ChatGPT as a resource rather than relying primarily on its output. There are recommendations for effectively incorporating ChatGPT into the curriculum of the education modules on integrated pharmacotherapy of infectious disease.

CONCLUSIONS

Medical and health sciences educators can use ChatGPT as a guide in many aspects related to the development of the curriculum of the education modules on integrated pharmacotherapy of infectious disease, syllabus design, lecture notes preparation, and examination preparation with caution.
Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Complications and Mortality in Hospitalized Octogenarian Patients with COVID-19: An Ambispective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Arroyo-Huidobro Marta , Pallarès Fontanet Natàlia , Tebé Cordomí Cristian , F. Simonetti Antonella , Pérez-López Carlos , Abelenda-Alonso Gabriela , Rombauts Alexander , Oriol Bermudez Isabel , Izquierdo Elisenda , Díaz-Brito Vicente , Molist Gemma , Gómez Melis Guadalupe , Videla Sebastian , López Soto Alfons , Carratalà Jordi , Rodriguez Molinero Alejandro
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

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OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients aged 80 or above and to identify predictors for death and complications throughout the epidemic waves of the disease.

METHODS

This was an observational, multicenter, ambispective study conducted between March 2020 and August 2021 using data collected in five centers from southern metropolitan area of Barcelona (COVID-MetroSud cohort). Patients were grouped based on the pandemic waves of inclusion in the registry.

RESULTS

A total of 1192 patients (mean [SD] age 85.7 [4.22] years) were included. The most frequently reported symptoms in all waves were fever (63.1%), cough (56.5%), dyspnea (48.2%), and asthenia (27.5%). Laboratory and radiological findings consistently showed abnormal bilateral chest X-ray results (72.5% of patients) and elevated inflammatory markers such as lactate dehydrogenase (mean [SD] 335 [188] U/L), C-reactive protein (CRP) (mean [SD] 110 [88.4] U/L), and ferritin (mean [SD] 842 [1561] U/L). Acute respiratory distress syndrome (43.7%), renal failure (19.2%), and alterations in baseline mental status (17.5%) were the most frequent complications. The overall mortality rate was 41.4% and declined across the epidemic waves. Age, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, dyspnea, and higher baseline levels of creatinine were identified as risk factors for general complications, while a higher Barthel index and presence of cough were found to be protective. Age, dyspnea, abnormal bilateral chest x-ray, CRP, and sodium were identified as risk factors for death.

CONCLUSIONS

This the first study that analyzed the clinical presentation of COVID-19 and the risk factors for complications and death in octogenarian hospitalized patients across the different waves of the disease.

CLINICALTRIAL

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The Role of Civil Society Organizations in The Formulation of Presidential Regulation Number 7 of 2021 on Violent Extremism in Indonesia during the Period of 2020-2024
Authors: Saryam Tarikem , Ragamustari Safendri Komara , Kurniawan Novianto Budi
Published: January 2024

In January 2021, President Joko Widodo signed the National Action Plan for Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism that Leads to Terrorism (Presidential Regulation Number 7/2021). The increasing threats of violent extremism and terrorism make ratification of this policy urgent. The policy seeks to coordinate government and stakeholders against terrorism in Indonesia. The policy formulation demonstrates the resolve to engage the entire government and society. One of them is the roles of civil society organizations (CSOs). This study aims to describe the roles of the Wahid Foundation, C-SAVE, and Inklusif Foundation in formulating Presidential Regulation Number 7/2021. This qualitative study uses Arnstein's ladder participation as its conceptual framework. This study showed that the Wahid Foundation and the government are partners. In comparison, the C-SAVE and the Inklusif Foundation contribute to the level of tokenism. The Inklusif Foundation is only in the consultation or deliberation phase. However, despite the three CSOs having distinct work foci and levels of involvement, they have all contributed to the impetus behind the promulgation of this policy.
Towards a Multimodal Hermeneutic Model: The case of Uber-Blog-mediated advertising discourse order of ‘Saudization’
Authors: Salama Amir H.Y.
Published: January 2024

This study proposes a Multimodal Hermeneutic Model (for short, MHM) as a methodology that extends the analytic scope of Ricoeur’s (1973, 1976, 1981) classic hermeneutic theory of text interpretation towards examining multimodal texts. The model has been empirically tested by examining the advertising discourse order of ‘Saudization’ as channelled via the Saudi Uber Blog’s multimodal text. A twofold social semiotic praxis has been theoretically incorporated into the distanciation-appropriation dialectics underlying the interpretation of multimodal texts in potentia . First, a multimodal cluster transcription (Baldry Thibault 2006) has been utilized in enhancing the description of distanciated text sense as a holistic configuration of clusters across different communicative modalities with interacting semiotic modes ( intra-textually ). Second, an interpersonal-meaning analysis of multimodal participants (Kress Van Leeuwen 2006a, 2006b, Halliday Matthiessen 2004) has been employed in enriching the explanation of appropriated text reference ( extra-textually ). The empirical site used for validating the MHM is the Uber-Blog-mediated multimodal text designed by Saudi Arabia-based Uber Company. The multimodal transcription of textual clusters has demonstrated how the text sense thematically revolves around the macro topic of ‘Saudization’ across verbal, visual, and pictorial modalities with material and semiotic modes, viz. linguistic, graphological, anthropic, sartorial, spatial, natural, and technological. The multimodal participant analysis has explained how the referents of (i) a model Saudi Uber driver, (ii) the Saudi Public Transport Authority, (iii) Saudi driver-partners, and (iv) Uber app collectively contribute to the recontextualization of ‘Saudization’ from a governmental discourse to an advertising discourse order realized in the multimodal text under analysis.
Translocalizing the space of old Nubia in digital narrative: Resemiotized chronotopes as markers of identity
Authors: Fawzy Rania Magdi
Published: January 2024

Digitality is closely related to and expressed within analogicity, offering a sense of intersectional continuity between the online and offline realms. However, this poses a theoretical and conceptual challenge, particularly when addressing the heterogenous notion of contemporary diaspora as a phenomenon of online/offline and past/present co-constituency. To this end, this article advances a semio-chronotopic approach to reclaiming indigenous identities. It aims at decentring the concept of spatial dispersal by situating diaspora within a temporal continuum. The article investigates the Nubian Facebook* page Al Nuba Café in this concern. Deployment of the notion of resemiotization enables us to analyse narrative networks of Nubian diaspora as mediatized through digital space. It is found that Nubian online narrative shows a chronotopic condition of coeval alignment in which the two identity events before and after the displacement are kept conflated. The posts are found to blur the boundaries between the spatiotemporal there-and-then of the story and of the here-and-now of the storytelling world. The study concludes that Nubian digital tellings of diaspora are organized within a continuum of specific chronotopes that vacillate between past and present, spatial yearning and temporal nostalgia, statehood and diaspora, roots and routes, delineating an umbrella chronotope of the changing same. This semio-chronotopic conceptualisation of Nubian diaspora acknowledges the centrality of translocal temporality in its manifestation. Accordingly, the study argues that while space is considered the primary measure of diaspora in the analogue contexts, digital context emphasizes a rather the temporal dimension which dynamically participates in the reproduction of translocal diaspora experiences.
Verb database: Structure, clusters and options
Authors: Buntman Nadezhda V. , Borisova Anna S. , Darovskikh Yulia A.
Published: January 2024

The content and volume of language corpora provide an opportunity to obtain reliable information about the real use of a particular linguistic unit. Nowadays, there is a large number of corpora in different languages, their formation technologies are being improved. Nevertheless, some problems and limitations arise when using these resources in comparative studies. Corpora users need to work with annotated data submitted to tagging through annotation protocols. The article presents the structure and functionality of the supracorpora verb database (SVD) developed on the basis of a parallel Russian-French subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus (RNC) and reveals the difference in their potentials. The described database is a pilot version of the final software, which is currently under development and is being tested. It consists of several clusters focused on solving such linguistic tasks as studying the grammatical semantics specifics and the distribution of verb forms in Russian and French; identifying the polysemantic structure in the two languages, which in turn verifies the understanding of the linguistic worldview of the speakers of Russian and French. It has been found that the mechanism of functioning of SVD cluster formations allows us to study both individual characteristics of verbs and the semantics of verbal lexemes and collocations. The manual annotation enables users to identify the systematic asymmetry of verb forms and cases of contextual and low-frequency asymmetry. Thus, SVD can be used in language pedagogy, teaching and studying discursive grammar, as well as the analysis of translation models variability.
Ways of expressing the category of instrumentality in retranslated texts
Authors: Galimova Khalida N. , Gafiyatova Elzara V. , Alyunina Yulia M.
Published: January 2024

The category of instrumentality remains a research niche due to the interrelation of many cognitive and linguistic factors during its implementation in language. This study can contribute to the improvement of methodology and tools for automated propositional analysis of natural language texts. The article aims to identify the types and frequency of instrumentality manifestations in oral immediate recalls. The dataset comprises two reading texts on Social Studies and 34 immediate text-based oral recalls (2779 words in total). The study involved 34 native Russian 5th graders aged 11-12. For the types and range of modifications in expressing the semantic roles of instrumentality, the recalls were analyzed individually and later contrasted with the original texts. The findings showed that the most typical modifications of Instruments in Russian recalls are diathesis shift, excorporation or dismantling of verbs integrated into constructions, and redistribution of semantic roles including replacement of Instrument with Causator, Theme and the Circumstants of Place. Based on the variety of modifications, all the means of manifesting the semantic role of instrumentality registered in our dataset fall into two groups. The first group comprises all the above types of modification, as well as Human Psychological State and Perception. The second group consists of Incorporated verbs and Instrumental actions that were reproduced by respondents using the “extraction” strategy with virtually no lexical loss. The findings expand our understanding of the varieties of expressing the category of instrumentality in oral speech, as well as the specifics of generating secondary texts. They can find application in the studies of receptive and productive speech activity as well as in automating propositional analysis of Russian texts.
Discursive designing of autobiographical memories in speech ontogeny: Longitudinal survey
Authors: Petrova Anna A. , Privalova Irina V. , Kosova Ksenia O.
Published: January 2024

Autobiographical memories have been investigated, experimentally rather than in real interactional settings. This study explores the role of language in mental processes through the linguistic explication of memories in discursive practices in early ontogenesis. It considers the ways and means of early oral memories evolvement in the interdisciplinary paradigm. The goal is to identify the mechanism of early discourse formation in recalls. The data were collected from the multimedia corpus CHILDES Transcript Browser with speech transcripts of German-speaking children from three to seven years old and were subjected to communicative, pragmatic, cognitive and discursive analyses. Adults’ verbal discursive strategies and tactics were examined to explicate the mnemonic content of children’s narratives. We identified the pragmatic orientation of stimulating statements of adults and described the linguistic features of a child’s mnemonic utterances. It has been found that the main discursive strategies of adults prompting children are: the strategy of discursive socialization, the strategy of dialogic narrative with its further transformation into a mnemonic narrative and information extraction from memory. As a result, the psycholinguistic (verbal) model of the ontogenetic generalization of childhood memories typical for German-speaking communication partners was developed. The model includes six stages according to the age of a preschooler. It displays the evolution of the surface structure of mnemonic utterances-recollections, which make up the framework of primary autobiographical narrations. This research fills in the niches in discourse studies, in ontogenesis and in the primary and secondary text models. The findings may have practical application in corpus and empirical studies.
Mari Wiklund. 2023. Speech and Interaction of Preadolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Focus on Prosody, Disfluencies and Comprehension Problems. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore
Authors: Susanto Susanto
Published: January 2024

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Variety and functional diversity of modern discourse in cognitive perspective
Authors: Ebzeeva Yulia N. , Solnyshkina Marina I. , Pathan Habibullah
Published: January 2024

The article offers a concise summary of problems dealing with the multidisciplinary paradigm of modern cognitive linguistics research discussed at VI Firsova Readings “Modern Languages and Cultures: Varieties, Functions, Ideologies in a Cognitive Perspective” (19-21 October, 2023, RUDN University, Moscow). It highlights the most relevant issues which include linguistic means of conceptualization and categorization, critical and positive discourse analysis, environmental thinking, pragmatics of gestures, multimodality, cognitive perspectives of intercultural communication and translation studies, discourse markers taxonomy, IT and cognitive studies, transdisciplinary methods in the study of language and cognition, among others. We aim to illuminate the advantages of the cognitive paradigm and trace new directions in its development. The articles included in this Issue and authored by the conference participants illustrate a broad range of cognitive studies drawn on different methods and conducted on diverse datasets. They clearly demonstrate that the cognitive perspective enables scholars not only to present and describe the phenomena under study but also to offer explanations to the findings and trace correlation between language, cognition and communication. This article also discusses the prospects for further research in the area.