bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personalized Healthcare Outcome Analysis of Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures
Authors: Wang Guihua , Li Jun , Hopp Wallace J.
Published: June 2023

Problem definition: This study addresses three important questions concerning personalized healthcare: (1) Are outcome differences between hospitals heterogeneous across patients with different features? (2) If they are, how do the best quality hospitals identified using patient-centric information differ from those identified using population-average information? (3) How much will hospitals’ pay-for-performance reimbursements change if their performance is measured based on patient-centric information? Methodology/results: Using patient-level data from 35 hospitals for six cardiovascular surgeries in New York State, we identify patient groups that exhibit significant differences in outcomes with a recently developed instrumental variable tree approach. We find outcome differences between hospitals are heterogeneous not only across procedure types, but also along other dimensions such as patient age and comorbidities. For around 80% of patients, the best quality hospitals indicated by patient-centric information are different from those indicated as best according to population-average information. Managerial implications: We compare potential outcomes when patients are treated at the best quality hospitals based on the two types of information and find complications could be reduced by using patient-centric information instead of population-average information. We also use our model to illustrate how patient-centric information can enhance pay-for-performance programs offered by payers and guide hospitals in targeting quality-improvement efforts.

History: This paper was a finalist in the 2017 MSOM Student Paper Competition.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1227 .
Emotional intelligence and conflict resolution styles among nurse managers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Assi Mohammad Dar , Eshah Nidal F
Published: June 2023

Background/Aims

Emotional intelligence may help nurse managers to deal with conflicts. However, the relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict resolution is still not clearly understood. This study aimed to explore nurse managers' emotional intelligence levels and conflict resolution styles, and to identify any associations between these factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was used, with a convenience sample of 197 nurse managers recruited from five public and two university hospitals. Data were collected on emotional intelligence and conflict resolution using two specialised self-reported scale-based questionnaires. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 25) was used to analyse data, with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance.

Results

The nurse mangers' average emotional intelligence scores ranged from 80–139 and 40% had low levels of work-related emotional intelligence. The integrating style was the most commonly used approach to conflict resolution, while the avoiding style was the least used. Higher levels of emotional intelligence were significantly associated with integrating, obliging and compromising styles, and were able to predict the use of integrating and compromising styles of conflict resolution.

Conclusions

Nurse managers with higher levels of emotional intelligence are more likely to use the integrating and compromising styles of conflict resolution. Training programmes aiming to improve managers' conflict resolution skills should focus on assessing and increasing emotional intelligence.
Tailoring octave-spanning ultrashort laser pulses using multiple prisms
Authors: Shin Jeong-uk , Cho Wosik , Yeom Kyunghoon , Kim Kyung Taec
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate a novel pulse shaper in which an incident laser beam is angularly dispersed by a first prism, and then it is split into separate beams using multiple prisms. Since this new pulse shaper offers independent control of the amplitude and phase of the separate beams, it can produce pulses having desired temporal shapes. Furthermore, it imposes a significant amount of negative group delay dispersion (GDD) over an octave spectrum near visible, which can compensate for a positive GDD accumulated in the process of spectral broadening. Consequently, single-cycle or few-cycle laser pulses can be produced without the need for chirped mirrors.
Pseudoheterodyne interferometry for multicolor near-field imaging
Authors: Vicentini Edoardo , Nuansing Wiwat , Niehues Iris , Amenabar Iban , Bittner Alexander M. , Hillenbrand Rainer , Schnell Martin
Published: June 2023

We report the development and characterization of a detection technique for scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) that enables near-field amplitude and phase imaging at two or more wavelengths simultaneously. To this end, we introduce multispectral pseudoheterodyne (PSH) interferometry, where infrared lasers are combined to form a beam with a discrete spectrum of laser lines and a time-multiplexing scheme is employed to allow for the use of a single infrared detector. We first describe and validate the implementation of multispectral PSH into a commercial s-SNOM instrument. We then demonstrate its application for the real-time correction of the negative phase contrast (NPC), which provides reliable imaging of weak IR absorption at the nanoscale. We anticipate that multispectral PSH could improve data throughput, reduce effects of sample and interferometer drift, and help to establish multicolor s-SNOM imaging as a regular imaging modality, which could be particularly interesting as new infrared light sources become available.
Scan-free time-of-flight-based three-dimensional imaging through a scattering layer
Authors: Deng Rujia , Jin Xin , Du Dongyu , Li Zhiheng
Published: June 2023

Reconstructing an object’s three-dimensional shape behind a scattering layer with a single exposure is of great significance in real-life applications. However, due to the little information captured by a single exposure while strongly perturbed by the scattering layer and encoded by free-space propagation, existing methods cannot achieve scan-free three-dimensional reconstruction through the scattering layer in macroscopic scenarios using a short acquisition time of seconds. In this paper, we proposed a scan-free time-of-flight-based three-dimensional reconstruction method based on explicitly modeling and inverting the time-of-flight-based scattering light propagation in a non-confocal imaging system. The non-confocal time-of-flight-based scattering imaging model is developed to map the three-dimensional object shape information to the time-resolved measurements, by encoding the three-dimensional object shape into the free-space propagation result and then convolving with the scattering blur kernel derived from the diffusion equation. To solve the inverse problem, a three-dimensional shape reconstruction algorithm consisting of the deconvolution and diffractive wave propagation is developed to invert the effects caused by the scattering diffusion and the free-space propagation, which reshapes the temporal and spatial distribution of scattered signal photons and recovers the object shape information. Experiments on a real scattering imaging system are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The single exposure used in the experiment only takes 3.5 s, which is more than 200 times faster than confocal scanning methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing methods in terms of three-dimensional reconstruction accuracy and imaging limit subjectively and objectively. Even though the signal photons captured by a single exposure are too highly scattered and attenuated to present any valid information in time gating, the proposed method can reconstruct three-dimensional objects located behind the scattering layer of 9.6 transport mean free paths (TMFPs), corresponding to the round-trip scattering length of 19.2 TMFPs.
Reliable micro-transfer printing method for heterogeneous integration of lithium niobate and semiconductor thin films
Authors: Vandekerckhove Tom , Vanackere Tom , De Witte Jasper , Cuyvers Stijn , Reis Luis , Billet Maximilien , Roelkens Günther , Clemmen Stéphane , Kuyken Bart
Published: June 2023

High-speed Pockels modulation and second-order nonlinearities are key components in optical systems, but CMOS-compatible platforms like silicon and silicon nitride lack these capabilities. Micro-transfer printing of thin-film lithium niobate offers a solution, but suspending large areas of thin films for long interaction lengths and high-Q resonators is challenging, resulting in a low transfer yield. We present a new source preparation method that enables reliable transfer printing of thin-film lithium niobate. We demonstrate its versatility by successfully applying it to gallium phosphide and silicon, and provide an estimate of the transfer yield by subsequently printing 25 lithium niobate films without fail.
Commentary on a Classic JHC Article on the Histochemical Measurement of DNA Content in Cells
Authors: van Noorden Cornelis J. F.
Published: June 2023

This article comments on the significance of a highly cited review article on DNA cytochemical quantitation that was published in the Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry in 2002 (David C. Hardie, T. Ryan Gregory, and Paul D.N. Hebert. From pixels to picograms: A beginners’ guide to genome quantification by Feulgen image analysis densitometry.
Mutators can drive the evolution of multi-resistance to antibiotics
Authors: Gifford Danna R. , Berríos-Caro Ernesto , Joerres Christine , Suñé Marc , Forsyth Jessica H. , Bhattacharyya Anish , Galla Tobias , Knight Christopher G.
Published: June 2023

Antibiotic combination therapies are an approach used to counter the evolution of resistance; their purported benefit is they can stop the successive emergence of independent resistance mutations in the same genome. Here, we show that bacterial populations with ‘mutators’, organisms with defects in DNA repair, readily evolve resistance to combination antibiotic treatment when there is a delay in reaching inhibitory concentrations of antibiotic—under conditions where purely wild-type populations cannot. In populations of Escherichia coli subjected to combination treatment, we detected a diverse array of acquired mutations, including multiple alleles in the canonical targets of resistance for the two drugs, as well as mutations in multi-drug efflux pumps and genes involved in DNA replication and repair. Unexpectedly, mutators not only allowed multi-resistance to evolve under combination treatment where it was favoured, but also under single-drug treatments. Using simulations, we show that the increase in mutation rate of the two canonical resistance targets is sufficient to permit multi-resistance evolution in both single-drug and combination treatments. Under both conditions, the mutator allele swept to fixation through hitch-hiking with single-drug resistance, enabling subsequent resistance mutations to emerge. Ultimately, our results suggest that mutators may hinder the utility of combination therapy when mutators are present. Additionally, by raising the rates of genetic mutation, selection for multi-resistance may have the unwanted side-effect of increasing the potential to evolve resistance to future antibiotic treatments.
Migraine and risk of premature myocardial infarction and stroke among men and women: A Danish population-based cohort study
Authors: Hvitfeldt Fuglsang Cecilia , Pedersen Lars , Schmidt Morten , Vandenbroucke Jan P. , Bøtker Hans Erik , Sørensen Henrik Toft
Published: June 2023

Background

Migraine carries risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. The risk of premature MI (i.e., among young adults) and stroke differs between men and women; previous studies indicate that migraine is mainly associated with an increased risk of stroke among young women. The aim of this study was to examine impact of migraine on the risk of premature (age ≤60 years) MI and ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke among men and women.

Methods and findings

Using Danish medical registries, we conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study (1996 to 2018). Redeemed prescriptions for migraine-specific medication were used to identify women with migraine (n = 179,680) and men with migraine (n = 40,757). These individuals were matched on sex, index year, and birth year 1:5 with a random sample of the general population who did not use migraine-specific medication. All individuals were required to be between 18 and 60 years old. Median age was 41.5 years for women and 40.3 years for men.

The main outcome measures to assess impact of migraine were absolute risk differences (RDs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of premature MI, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke, comparing individuals with migraine to migraine-free individuals of the same sex. HRs were adjusted for age, index year, and comorbidities. The RD of premature MI for those with migraine versus no migraine was 0.3% (95% CI [0.2%, 0.4%]; p < 0.001) for women and 0.3% (95% CI [−0.1%, 0.6%]; p = 0.061) for men. The adjusted HR was 1.22 (95% CI [1.14, 1.31]; p < 0.001) for women and 1.07 (95% CI [0.97, 1.17]; p = 0.164) for men. The RD of premature ischemic stroke for migraine versus no migraine was 0.3% (95% CI [0.2%, 0.4%]; p < 0.001) for women and 0.5% (95% CI [0.1%, 0.8%]; p < 0.001) for men. The adjusted HR was 1.21 (95% CI [1.13, 1.30]; p < 0.001) for women and 1.23 (95% CI [1.10, 1.38]; p < 0.001) for men. The RD of premature hemorrhagic stroke for migraine versus no migraine was 0.1% (95% CI [0.0%, 0.2%]; p = 0.011) for women and −0.1% (95% CI [−0.3%, 0.0%]; p = 0.176) for men. The adjusted HR was 1.13 (95% CI [1.02, 1.24]; p = 0.014) for women and 0.85 (95% CI [0.69, 1.05]; p = 0.131) for men.

The main limitation of this study was the risk of misclassification of migraine, which could lead to underestimation of the impact of migraine on each outcome.

Conclusions

In this study, we observed that migraine was associated with similarly increased risk of premature ischemic stroke among men and women. For premature MI and hemorrhagic stroke, there may be an increased risk associated with migraine only among women.
Are scattered microsatellites weak chromosomal markers? Guided mapping reveals new insights into Trachelyopterus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) diversity
Authors: Haerter Chrystian Aparecido Grillo , Blanco Daniel Rodrigues , Traldi Josiane Baccarin , Feldberg Eliana , Margarido Vladimir Pavan , Lui Roberto Laridondo
Published: June 2023

The scattered distribution pattern of microsatellites is a challenging problem in fish cytogenetics. This type of array hinders the identification of useful patterns and the comparison between species, often resulting in over-limited interpretations that only label it as "scattered" or "widely distributed". However, several studies have shown that the distribution pattern of microsatellites is non-random. Thus, here we tested whether a scattered microsatellite could have distinct distribution patterns on homeologous chromosomes of closely related species. The clustered sites of 18S and 5S rDNA, U2 snRNA and H3/H4 histone genes were used as a guide to compare the (GATA)n microsatellite distribution pattern on the homeologous chromosomes of six Trachelyopterus species: T. coriaceus and Trachelyopterus aff. galeatus from the Araguaia River basin; T. striatulus, T. galeatus and T. porosus from the Amazonas River basin; and Trachelyopterus aff. coriaceus from the Paraguay River basin. Most species had similar patterns of the (GATA)n microsatellite in the histone genes and 5S rDNA carriers. However, we have found a chromosomal polymorphism of the (GATA)n sequence in the 18S rDNA carriers of Trachelyopterus galeatus, which is in Hard-Weinberg equilibrium and possibly originated through amplification events; and a chromosome polymorphism in Trachelyopterus aff. galeatus, which combined with an inversion polymorphism of the U2 snRNA in the same chromosome pair resulted in six possible cytotypes, which are in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium. Therefore, comparing the distribution pattern on homeologous chromosomes across the species, using gene clusters as a guide to identify it, seems to be an effective way to further the analysis of scattered microsatellites in fish cytogenetics.
Spatial heterogeneity and infection patterns on epidemic transmission disclosed by a combined contact-dependent dynamics and compartmental model
Authors: Zhu Youyuan , Shen Ruizhe , Dong Hao , Wang Wei
Published: June 2023

Epidemics, such as COVID-19, have caused significant harm to human society worldwide. A better understanding of epidemic transmission dynamics can contribute to more efficient prevention and control measures. Compartmental models, which assume homogeneous mixing of the population, have been widely used in the study of epidemic transmission dynamics, while agent-based models rely on a network definition for individuals. In this study, we developed a real-scale contact-dependent dynamic (CDD) model and combined it with the traditional susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) compartment model. By considering individual random movement and disease spread, our simulations using the CDD-SEIR model reveal that the distribution of agent types in the community exhibits spatial heterogeneity. The estimated basic reproduction numberR0depends on group mobility, increasing logarithmically in strongly heterogeneous cases and saturating in weakly heterogeneous conditions. Notably,R0is approximately independent of virus virulence when group mobility is low. We also show that transmission through small amounts of long-term contact is possible due to short-term contact patterns. The dependence ofR0on environment and individual movement patterns implies that reduced contact time and vaccination policies can significantly reduce the virus transmission capacity in situations where the virus is highly transmissible (i.e.,R0is relatively large). This work provides new insights into how individual movement patterns affect virus spreading and how to protect people more efficiently.
Activating a music festival: Extending musical practices by composing with communities
Authors: McMichael Anna
Published: June 2023

This article explores the motivations, approaches and results that occurred when six composers/musicians devised works of experimental music that involved community participants over six years at the annual classical Tyalgum Music Festival in regional Australia. The main aim of this study was to investigate how this music was shaped by community participation in its creation and performance. This qualitative research study drew on retrospective interviews with the musicians involved and the author’s observations and reflections on their music events. The musicians discussed how they responded to people and place in creating and performing their works; they maintained that their involvement with the community resulted in valuable and creative music-making. This study demonstrates that artists can inspire interesting and enjoyable music-making with a community that also expands the possibilities for mainstream arts, cultural practices and festival curation.
Akademická peregrinace v komparaci: Čeští a moravští studenti na vybraných reformovaných školách na území dnešního Německa a Švýcarska (1575–1620)
Authors: Píš Ondřej
Published: June 2023

This study deals with Bohemian and Moravian students at five Reformed institutes of higher learning in the territory of current Germany and Switzerland in the period of 1575–1620. In particular, it traces their presence at universities in Basel, Heidelberg, and Marburg, and academies in Herborn and Geneva. Each of the selected institutions is introduced in a cameo, which in addition to a brief history of the school mentions also the most important professors in relation to Bohemian and Moravian scholars. This is followed by an analysis of the two groups, i.e., the Bohemian and Moravian scholars, whereby the author follows two factors: social background of the matriculated scholars and changes in peregrination over time. Data pertaining to the individual institutions are then compared and analysed in a separate summary chapter. The study also includes revised lists of Bohemian and Moravian students at the selected schools during the period of interest, i.e., 1575–1620.
Ivana Lorenzová – Tomáš Štanzel, Jan (Johann) Böhm. Chemik(er) & fotograf
Authors: Ratajová Jana
Published: June 2023

Book review on Ivana Lorenzová – Tomáš Štanzel, Jan (Johann) Böhm. Chemik(er) & fotograf, Národní technické muzeum a Masarykův ústav a Archiv Akademie věd ČR, Praha 2020, 300 s., ISBN 978-80-7037-274-6 (NTM), ISBN 978-80-87782-84-2 (MÚAAV ČR).
Karla Motyková – Pavel Fojtík, Dlouhý život s archeologií
Authors: Boukal Jan
Published: June 2023

Book review on Karla Motyková – Pavel Fojtík, Dlouhý život s archeologií
Pavel Mervart, Červený Kostelec 2021, 314 stran, 8 nečíslovaných stran obrazových příloh, ISBN 978-80-7465-494-7.
Konference Student Migration, Scholarly Networks and Book Culture. Basel and the Swiss Academies in their Relations to (East)Central Europe 15th-17th Centuries
Authors: Ďurčanský Marek , Boukal Jan
Published: June 2023

Report from Conference Student Migration, Scholarly Networks and Book Culture. Basel and the Swiss Academies in their Relations to (East)Central Europe 15th-17th Centuries, 14. 6. – 15. 6. 2022, Prague.
Selection of stable housekeeping genes for gene expression studies in different varieties of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Nasreena C , Alex Swapna , Soni K. B , Manjushri Dinkar Dongare , Kiran A.G , Manju R.V
Published: June 2023

Real Time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a widely used technique to study the transcript level modulation of genes during developmental stages of crop plants as well as in stress responses. Suitable reference genes have not been validated in many plants including black pepper. In this study, expression stability of six commonly used housekeeping genes viz., actin, ?-tubulin, elongation factor, initiation factor, ubiquitin and glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase were evaluated by RT-qPCR during the growth of the black pepper inflorescence of varieties viz., Panniyur 1, Karimunda and Thekken. The results were analyzed using geNorm and Normfinder statistical algorithms. Stable reference gene is critical for the accurate normalization of target gene data in RT-qPCR. In this study actin, elongation factor and initiation factor were identified as the most stable housekeeping gene in different black pepper varieties viz., Thekken, Panniyur 1 and Karimunda respectively. Actin in combination with GAPDH and elongation factor were obtained as optimal reference genes for Thekken. It is the first report on identification of stable housekeeping gene in different varieties of black pepper and can aid in expression studies in black pepper for yield improvement. The study will aid in normalization of gene expression studies in different varieties of black pepper.
The Worcester Herbal Glossary: Edition and Commentary
Authors: Cataldi Claudio
Published: June 2023

This study offers the first full edition of a late thirteenth-century herbal glossary preserved in Worcester, Cathedral Library, F 157, as well as a preliminary commentary of textual problems and analogues. This glossary (henceforth: Worcester Herbal Glossary) originally included around 130 Latin plant names with English equivalents; a few entries are lost today because of a lacuna in the manuscript. So far, only a partial – and at times inaccurate – edition of the glossary appeared in Floyer and Hamilton (1906: 184–185). Since then, this lexicographic collection of plant names has been almost wholly ignored by scholars. Remarkably, the Worcester Herbal Glossary seems to originate from a substantial batch of entries from the chapter on the names of herbs in Ælfric’s Glossary. This batch was expanded by means of other material which must have circulated in the Early Middle English period. This additional material parallels entries found in other botanical glossaries of the period – such as that preserved in London, British Library, Harley 978 – and, above all, finds striking analogues in the Middle English recension of the Salernitan medico-botanical glossary known as Alphita (Mowat 1887).
Thermal vibration of perforated nanobeams with deformable boundary conditions via nonlocal strain gradient theory
Authors: Kafkas Uğur , Uzun Büşra , Yaylı Mustafa Özgür , Güçlü Gökhan
Published: June 2023

Due to nonlocal and strain gradient effects with rigid and deformable boundary conditions, the thermal vibration behavior of perforated nanobeams resting on a Winkler elastic foundation (WEF) is examined in this paper. The Stokes transformation and Fourier series have been used to achieve this goal and to determine the thermal vibration behavior under various boundary conditions, including deformable and non-deformable ones. The perforated nanobeams’ boundary conditions are considered deformable, and the nonlocal strain gradient theory accounts for the size dependency. The problem is modeled as an eigenvalue problem. The effect of parameters such as the number of holes, elastic foundation, nonlocal and strain gradient, deformable boundaries and size on the solution is considered. The effects of various parameters, such as the length of the perforated beam, number of holes, filling ratio, thermal effect parameter, small-scale parameters and foundation parameter, on the thermal vibration behavior of the perforated nanobeam, are then illustrated using a set of numerical examples. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the vibration frequency of the nanobeam was most affected by the changes in the dimensionless WEF parameter in the first mode and the changes in the internal length parameter when all modes were considered.
Vodou and Voodoo as Alternative Religion
Authors: Viddal Grete
Published: June 2023

Haitian Vodou and Louisiana Voodoo are African Diaspora religions brought to the Americas by devotees who survived the transatlantic slave trade. Both are suffused by philosophies of communicating with the divine and serving a pantheon of sacred spirits. Both faiths have been misunderstood, with practitioners’ beliefs denigrated and their rituals stereotyped as crude, misguided, malevolent, or even criminal. However, each of the four articles in this special edition of Nova Religio speaks to how practitioners of Vodou and Voodoo, across different locales, social environments, and historical time frames, have pushed back against marginalization and defended their identities and legacies, while building religious communities of remarkable resilience.
Dicer structure and function: conserved and evolving features
Authors: Zapletal David , Kubicek Karel , Svoboda Petr , Stefl Richard
Published: June 2023

RNase III Dicer produces small RNAs guiding sequence‐specific regulations, with important biological roles in eukaryotes. Major Dicer‐dependent mechanisms are RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathways, which employ distinct types of small RNAs. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for RNAi are produced by Dicer from long double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a pool of different small RNAs. In contrast, miRNAs have specific sequences because they are precisely cleaved out from small hairpin precursors. Some Dicer homologs efficiently generate both, siRNAs and miRNAs, while others are adapted for biogenesis of one small RNA type. Here, we review the wealth of recent structural analyses of animal and plant Dicers, which have revealed how different domains and their adaptations contribute to substrate recognition and cleavage in different organisms and pathways. These data imply that siRNA generation was Dicer's ancestral role and that miRNA biogenesis relies on derived features. While the key element of functional divergence is a RIG‐I‐like helicase domain, Dicer‐mediated small RNA biogenesis also documents the impressive functional versatility of the dsRNA‐binding domain.
Nicotine exposure disrupts placental development via the Notch signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Qiao-Ran , Wu Dan-Ya , Zhang Jing-Jing , Wu Lin-Hui , Zhang Xia , Zhou Jilong , Miao Yi-Liang
Published: June 2023

In brief

Normal gene expression during early embryonic development and in the placenta is crucial for a successful pregnancy. Nicotine can disrupt normal gene expression during development, leading to abnormal embryonic and placental development.

Nicotine is a common indoor air pollutant that is present in cigarette fumes. Due to its lipophilic nature, nicotine can rapidly transport through membrane barriers and spread throughout the body, which can lead to the development of diseases. However, the impact of nicotine exposure during early embryonic development on subsequent development remains elusive. In this study, we found that nicotine significantly elevated reactive oxygen species, DNA damage and cell apoptosis levels with the decrease of blastocyst formation during early embryonic development. More importantly, nicotine exposure during early embryonic development increased placental weight and disrupted placental structure. In molecular level, we also observed that nicotine exposure could specifically cause the hypermethylation of Phlda2 promoter (a maternally expressed imprinted gene associated with placental development) and reduce the mRNA expression of Phlda2. By RNA sequencing analysis, we demonstrated that nicotine exposure affected the gene expression and excessive activation of the Notch signaling pathway thereby affecting placental development. Blocking the Notch signaling pathway by DAPT treatment could recover abnormal placental weight and structure induced by nicotine exposure. Taken together, this study indicates that nicotine causes the declining quality of early embryos and leads to placental abnormalities related to over-activation of the Notch signaling pathway.
Quantum-chemical studies of the interaction of partially oxidized graphene-like planes with each other
Authors: Hrebelna Y.V. , Demianenko E.M. , Terets M.I. , Sementsov Y.I. , Lobanov V.V. , Grebenyuk A.G. , Kuts V.S. , Zhuravskyi S.V. , Khora O.V. , Kartel M.T.
Published: June 2023

Using the methods of quantum chemistry, the energy effects of the interaction of partially oxidized graphene-like planes with each other and the effect on this characteristic of the nature of the functional groups present in the oxidized graphene-like planes, as well as the dimensions of the graphene-like planes themselves, were clarified. It was established that the reaction between the hydroxyl and aldehyde groups of two interacting graphene-like planes is the most thermodynamically probable, regardless of the dimensions of the graphene-like planes. The reaction between two carboxyl groups of different graphene-like planes is the least thermodynamically probable. To create nanocomposites by interacting graphene-like planes with each other, it is necessary that the graphene-like planes contain hydroxyl and aldehyde groups.
Consecuencias de la deserción escolar de niños y jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Sosa Chinome Jorge Andrés , Rolando Vargas Germán
Published: June 2023

Resumen: La desescolarización de niños y jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia se ha convertido en un problema social y económico para un país que ha venido enfrentando una guerra que ya cumple más de cincuenta años a lo largo y ancho de todo el territorio nacional. En esta investigación se pretende analizar las consecuencias sociales y económicas de la desescolarización de niños y jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia a mediano y largo plazo, quienes se encuentran con el desprecio y la discriminación por ser excombatientes, o por ser desplazados y peor aún por estar en proceso de desescolarización. La metodología es cualitativa y el tipo de investigación es Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP). La idea es presentar un estudio de casos, como herramienta o método de investigación, donde se analizan dos entrevistas a víctimas del Conflicto armado en Colombia y que han sido desplazados o reclutados por los grupos irregulares. Como resultados y conclusiones se espera analizar las consecuencias sociales y económicas de la desescolarización de niños y jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia a mediano y largo plazo, donde es importante que las instituciones gubernamentales atiendan con prioridad y compromiso estas comunidades de modo que se brinde acompañamiento psicológico, formación educativa complementaria y por supuesto se proporcionen oportunidades laborales para que puedan tener un exitoso y objetivo proceso de reincorporación social.
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose mixed with sulfated titania to produce levoglucosenone: Analytical Py-GC/MS study
Authors: Lu Qiang , Zhang Xu-Ming , Zhang Zhi-Bo , Zhang Ying , Zhu Xi-Feng , Dong Chang-Qing
Published: June 2023

Sulfated titania (SO42-/TiO2) was prepared and used for catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose to produce levoglucosenone (LGO), a valuable anhydrosugar product. Analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique was employed in this study to achieve the catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose and on-line analysis of the pyrolysis vapors. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of several factors on the LGO production, i.e. pyrolysis temperature, cellulose/catalyst ratio, TiO2 crystal type, and pyrolysis time. The results indicated that the SO42-/TiO2 catalyst lowered the initial cellulose decomposition temperature and altered the pyrolytic product significantly. Levoglucosan (LG) was the most abundant product in the non-catalytic process, while levoglucosenone (LGO) was the major product in the catalytic process. The maximal LGO yield was obtained at the set pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C, while the highest LGO content was obtained at 350 °C, with the peak area% over 50%. In addition, the SO42-/TiO2 (anatase) was confirmed the best catalyst for the LGO production.
Mass balance of silica in straw from the perspective of silica reduction in straw pulp
Authors: Atik Celil , Ates Saim
Published: June 2023

The high silica content of wheat straw is an important limiting factor for straw pulping. High silica content complicates processing and black liquor recovery, wears out factory installations, and lowers paper quality. Each section of wheat straw has different cells and chemical compositions and thus different silica content. In this work, the silica content of balled straw samples were examined according to their physical components, including internodes, nodes, leaves (sheath and blade), rachis, grain, other plant bodies, and other plant spikes. Mass distribution of silica was determined by a dry ashing method. Half (50.90%) of the silica comes from leaves, and its mechanical separation will reduce the silica content in wheat straw pulp significantly. Destroying silica bodies by sonication will increase the strength properties of straw pulp.
Investigation of the structure and physico-mechanical characteristics of reaction-sintered materials B4C‒SiC
Authors: Belyakov A. N. , Markov M. A. , Perevislov S. N. , Dyuskina D. A. , Chekuryaev A. G. , Bykova A. D. , Kashtanov A. D.
Published: June 2023

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Karabaş Velî ve Esâsü’d-dîn Adlı Eseri’nin Edisyon Kritiği
Authors: Türk İdris
Published: June 2023

Halvetî-Şa‘baniyye’nin Karabaşiyye kolunun kurucusu olan Karabaş Velî, 1020/1611 yılında Arapgir’de dünyaya gelmiştir. Tasavvufî faaliyetleri yanında farklı İslâmî disiplinlerde pek çok eser telif etmiştir. Bu eserlerden birisi de onun Esâsü’d-dîn adlı risalesidir. Tasavvuf tarihi boyunca mutasavvıfların hayatlarına yönelik eleştirilerin olduğu dikkate alındığında eser, tasavvufun diğer disiplinler arasında İslami bir ilim olarak kabul edilmesine önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu itibarla eser, özellikle tekke-medrese çatışmalarının olduğu bir vasatta, akaid konularına tasavvufî çevrenin yaklaşımının genel İslâmî ilkelere uygun olduğunu göstermesi bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalede, Karabaş Velî’nin Esâsü’d-dîn adlı risalesinin analizi ve tahkiki yapılmıştır. Makalede öncelikle Karabaş Velî’nin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Daha sonra onun Esâsü’d-dîn adlı eseri incelenmiştir. İnceleme öncesinde eserin tahkikte esas alınan el yazma nüshaları kısaca tanıtılarak tahkik yöntemi hakkında açıklama yapılmıştır. Daha sonra da içerik tahlili yapılmıştır. İçerik tahlili esnasında, konularına göre başlıklandırma yapılarak eserin muhtevası belirgin hale getirilmiştir. Son olarak eserin tahkikli metin neşri verilmiştir. Tahkikli neşirde İSAM’ın tahkik kuralları esas alınmıştır.
Evaluation of vacancy formation energy for BCC-, FCC-, and HCP-metals using density functional theory
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Emurlaeva Yulia , Lazurenko Daria ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Bataeva Zinaida ,   Siberian State University of water transport, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Petrov Ivan ,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Dovzhenko Gleb ,   Siberian Circular Photon Source “SKlF” Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SRF “SKIF”), Kol’tsovo, Makogon Lubov ,   Siberian State University of water transport, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Khomyakov Maksim ,   Institute of Laser Physics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Emurlaev Kemal ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Bataev Ivan ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Vacancies are among the crystal lattice defects that have a significant effect on the structural transformations processes during thermal, chemical-thermal, thermomechanical, and other types of alloys treatment. The vacancy formation energy is one of the most important parameters used to describe diffusion processes. An effective approach to its definition is based on the use of the density functional theory (DFT). The main advantage of this method is to carry out computations without any parameters defined empirically. The purpose of the work is to estimate vacancy formation energy of BCC-, FCC- and HCP-metals widely used in mechanical engineering and to compare these findings obtained using various exchange-correlation functionals (GGA and meta-GGA). Computation procedure. The computations were carried out using the projector-augmented wave method using the GPAW code and the atomic simulation environment (ASE). The Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof, MGGAC and rMGGAC functionals were used. The wave functions were described by plane waves within simulations. Vacancies formation energy was evaluated using supercells approach with a size 3 × 3 × 3. Computations were carried out for BCC-metals (Li, Na, K, V, Cr, Fe, Rb, Nb, Mo, Cs, Ta, W), FCC-metals (Al, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb, Co) and HCP-metals (Be, Ti, Zr, Mg, Sc, Zn, Y, Ru, Cd, Hf, Os, Co, Re). Results and discussion. A comparison of the defined vacancy formation energies indicates the validity of the following ratio of values: . The values obtained using the open source GPAW code are characterized by the same patterns as for widely spread commercially distributed program VASP. It was revealed that the use of the PBE and MGGAC functionals leads to a slight deviation relative to the experimentally determined vacancies formation energy in contrast to the computations using rMGGAC.
Predicting the coolant lubricating properties based on its density and wetting effect
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Russian Federation, Kisel’ Anton , Churankin Vyacheslav ,   Omsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The processes occurring in the cutting zone contribute to the rapid wear of the cutting tool and a decrease in the quality of the workpiece. It is possible to reduce the impact of negative factors during metal cutting through a rational choice of coolant. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for the accelerated assessment of the coolant lubricating properties. Methods. Experimental studies of the lubricating effect of seven different grades of coolant, during friction of a T15K6 (15% TiC–79% WC–6% Co) hard alloy pad and a rotating roller made of carbon structural Steel 45 (0.45% C) are presented. As a parameter of coolant efficiency in terms of lubricating effect, paper proposes an efficiency coefficient Kc, which is equal to the ratio between the friction coefficient that occurs when using coolant and the friction coefficient during friction without coolant. The lower the coefficient Kc, the more effective this coolant is in terms of lubricating effect. Results. Empirical dependences of the coefficient Kc on the coolant density ρ and the limiting wetting angle Θ (Kc = f(ρ;Θ)) are established. Since the low significance of the parameter ρ is established, the formula for the dependence of the Kc only on the limiting wetting angle Θ (Kc = f(Θ)) is established in the work. It is established that the dependence formula (Kc = f(Θ) provides the highest accuracy of calculations. Discussion. After evaluating the research results presented in this paper, the following conclusions are made: 1) the paper establishes the influence of the coolant density and the limiting wetting angle on the coolant efficiency coefficient for the lubricating effect determined for the friction between a roller made of Steel 45 and a pad made of T15K6 alloy: Kc = f(ρ;Θ) and Kc = f(Θ); 2) the greatest accuracy of calculations from 2.75 to 15% is provided by the formula for the dependence Kc = f(Θ); 3) the dependence Kc = f(Θ)is proposed to be used for the method for the accelerated assessment of the coolant lubricating properties during friction of a pad made of T15K6 alloy and a rotating roller made of Steel 45. The proposed method consists in measuring the limiting wetting angle of a coolant drop on the surface of the workpiece and calculating the derived empirical dependence of the coolant efficiency coefficient on the lubricating effect.
Electrochemical Studies of Magnesium Coated with Modified Chitosan and Electrosprayed as an Anticorrosive Protection Method in Bone Repair
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Ramírez-Reyes Jose Luis , Gaytán-Macías Deni Esperanza ,   Universidad Veracruzana, Quintana-Camacho Harlem ,   Universidad Veracruzana, Galicia Aguilar Gonzalo ,   Universidad Veracruzana, González Mancera Guillermina ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: June 2023

Magnesium (Mg) is essential for the metabolic reactions of the human body and is known for its biocompatibility, its mechanical and physical properties are similar to human bone, which is why it is considered to have high potential in biomedical applications such as temporary and resorbable implants. Through surface modifications, the high tendency to corrosion of Mg could be controlled, such as biodegradable membranes that prevent the passage of chloride ions present in the human organism. To prepare the membrane, solutions of chitosan modified with gelatin and/or glutaraldehyde are used and by means of the electrospray method applied to protect the Mg. To simulate body fluid conditions a Kokubo saline solution (BFK) was prepared. The study focuses on evaluating the corrosion rate of Mg with a coating made of a chitosan electrosprayed membrane, applying electrochemical measurements of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and linear polarization resistance. The key additive to improve the behavior of the membranes was observed with the use of gelatin, where the membrane with the best results lowing corrosion rates is the Mg CH+GE+GL system, which it was observed with very good physical integrity in the images of morphological analyzes of the surface after 30 days of exposure.
List of IHC/WB antibodies, RT-PCR probes and software used v1
Authors: not provided carmela.giachino
Published: June 2023

This protocol details list of antibodies used for immunohistochemistry and western blot.
Ex vivo culture of SPMs v1
Authors: not provided michela.deleidi
Published: June 2023

Ex vivo culture of spleen derived macrophages.
Janelia Atalanta series plasmid cloning v1
Authors: Stern David
Published: June 2023

The Janelia Atalanta plasmids allows simple cloning of a gRNA and homology arms for CRISPR/Cas9 mediated homology directed repair in Drosophila. Gateway-compatible arms are synthesized with appropriate attL recognition sequences and homology arms required for homology directed repair. One, or two, of the arms also encodes a sgRNA flanked by tRNA sequences, which is expressed at high levels from a U6 promoter. The sgRNA is spliced out of the transcript by endogenous tRNA maturation cellular machinery.
Co-seismic displacements of the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake
Authors: Hudnut K. W. , Shen Z. , Murray M. , McClusky S. , King R. , Herring T. , Hager B. , Feng Y. , Fang P. , Donnellan A. , Bock Y.
Published: June 2023

The 17 January 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake significantly deformed the Earth's crust in the epicentral region. Displacements of 66 survey stations determined from Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected before and after the earthquake show that individual stations were uplifted by up to 417 ± 5 mm and displaced horizontally by up to 216 ± 3 mm. Using these displacements, we estimate parameters of a uniform-slip model. Fault geometry and slip are estimated independent of seismological information, using Monte Carlo optimization techniques that minimize the model residuals. The plane that best fits the geodetic data lies 1 to 2 km above the plane indicated by aftershock seismicity. Modeling for distributed slip on a coplanar, yet larger model fault indicates that a high-slip patch occurred up-dip and northwest of the mainshock hypocenter and that less than 1 m of slip occurred in the uppermost 5 km of the crust. This finding is consistent with the lack of clear surface rupture and with the notion that the intersection with the fault that ruptured in 1971 formed the up-dip terminus of slip in the Northridge earthquake. Displacements predicted by either of these simple models explain most of the variance in the data within 50 km of the epicenter. On average, however, the scatter of the residuals is twice the data uncertainties, and in some areas, there is significant systematic misfit to either model. The co-seismic contributions of aftershocks are insufficient to explain this mismatch, indicating that the source geometry is more complicated than a single rectangular plane.
Affective Desire of Lack/Absence in Dementia Care in the Pandemic: a Case Study of a Care Worker in Korea
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Jeong Jong-min
Published: June 2023

This study analyzes the affective desires of care workers facing situations of care injustice, in which adequate compensation and social protections are lacking or absent. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the moral breakdown that calls for caring for others while setting aside the health and safety of oneself and their family. This study details a conversation with a care worker who struggled to work while moderating and abstaining from politicizing the above-mentioned issues. In this process, the ontological, ethical, and political struggles of the care worker are tracked, mapped, analyzed from the perspective of affect. Accordingly, this study exposes invisible techniques of neo-liberalism that are internalized in her daily life and labor. Furthermore, the trajectory of affective desires as an ontological force was analyzed. In doing so, it is possible to suggest connection and solidarity with other affective beings, which are fragile, but are constantly revealed with generative differences in the process of co-corresponding and attuning, rather than being tamed by absence.