bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tool wear condition monitoring method based on Relevance Vector Machine
Authors: Jia Ruhong , Yue Caixu , Liu Qiang , Xia Wei , Qin Yiyuan , Zhao Mingwei
Published: March 2023

During the machining process, the tool wear state is closely related to the quality of the workpiece, which will directly affect the performance of the equipment. Not timely replacement of tools will lead to increased processing costs, low workpiece surface quality, and even damage to processing equipment. Therefore, research on tool wear monitoring is necessary for the tool processing industry. By analyzing the relationship between tool wear and sensor signals to determine the required acquisition signal. Aiming at the problem that the original sensor data cannot be directly used in the machining process, the signal processing technology is used to preprocess the original signal, remove the invalid signal collected during the cutting process, and use the filtering method to eliminate the singular points in the original signal. The time domain and frequency domain features of the data are extracted. Firstly, the features are optimized by the extreme random tree(ET), and the tool wear is taken as the target vector. The Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC) between the target vector and the filtered features is calculated, and the features with solid correlation with the target vector are selected. The results show that the relevance vector machine(RVM) model proposed in the research can effectively monitor tool wear.
The Impact of Race and Age on Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy and Long-Term Outcomes in Black and White Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Terman Elizabeth , Sheade Jori , Zhao Fangyuan , Howard Frederick , Jaskowiak Nora , Tseng Jennifer , Chen Nan , Hahn Olwen , Fleming Gini , Huo Dezheng , Nanda Rita
Published: March 2023

Purpose: There are a paucity of data and a pressing need to evaluate response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and determine long-term outcomes in young Black women with early-stage breast cancer (EBC).
Methods: We analyzed data from 2,196 Black and White women with EBC treated at the University of Chicago over the last 2 decades. Patients were divided into groups based on race and age at diagnosis: Black women 40 years, White women 40 years, Black women 55 years, and White women 55 years. Pathological complete response rate (pCR) was analyzed using logistic regression. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard and piecewise Cox models.
Results: Young Black women had the highest risk of recurrence, which was 22% higher than young White women (p=0.434) and 76% higher than older Black women (p=0.008). These age/racial differences in recurrence rates were not statistically significant after adjusting for subtype, stage, and grade. In terms of OS, older Black women had the worst outcome. In the 397 women receiving NACT, 47.5% of young White women achieved pCR, compared to 26.8% of young Black women (p=0.012).
Conclusions: Black women with EBC had significantly worse outcomes compared to White women in our cohort study. There is an urgent need to understand the disparities in outcomes between Black and White breast cancer patients, particularly in young women where the disparity in outcome is the greatest.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and components in rural, semi-urban and urban areas in the Littoral Region in Cameroon: impact of physical activity
Authors: Bilog Nadine Carole , Ndongo Jerson Mekoulou , Lele Elysée Claude Bika , Guessogo Wiliam Richard , Assomo-Ndemba Peguy Brice , Ahmadou . , Babayana Noel Etaga , Mbama Yves Julien , Bindi Josiane Gertrude B.N. , Temfemo Abdou , Mandengue Samuel Honoré , Guyot Jessica , Dupre Caroline , Barth Nathalie , Bongue Bienvenu , Ngoa Laurent Serge Etoundi , Ayina Clarisse Noel Ayina
Published: March 2023

Background
living areas in developing countries impacts seriously lifestyle by the increase the consumption of energy-rich foods, less energy expenditure and sedentary behaviors. Urbanization is also associated with less practice of physical activity (PA) which is considered as the leading cause of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which MetS prevalence vary in African countries. The present study aimed to assess the effect of PA on MetS according to urbanization in the littoral region in Cameroon.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in three geographical settings (urban, semi-urban, and rural) in the littoral region in Cameroon. A total of 879 participants was included (urban: 372, semi-urban: 195 and rural: 312). The MetS was defined according to the International Federation of Diabetes 2009. The level of PA was assessed using the Global physical activity questionnaire.
Results
Low level of PA was (P < 0.0001) reported in urban (54.5%), semi urban (28.7%) and rural (16.9%) and high in rural area (77.9%). The prevalence of MetS was higher in urban areas (37.2%) follow to the rural (36.8%) and the semi-urban (25.9%). Hyperglycemia (p = 0.0110), low HDL-c (p < 0.0001) and high triglyceridemia (p = 0.0068) were most prevalent in urban residents. Participants with low level of PA were at risk of MetS (OR: 1.751, 95% CI: 1.335–2.731, p = 0.001), hyperglycemia (OR: 1.909, 95% CI: 1.335–2.731, p = 0.0004) abdominal obesity(OR: 2.007, 95% CI : 1.389-2.900, p = 0.0002), low HDL-c (OR: 1.539, 95% CI : 1.088–2.179, p = 0.014) and those with moderate level of PA were protected against high blood pressure(OR : 0.452, 95% CI: 0.298–0.686, p = 0.0002) and compared to those with high level of PA. Urban dwellers had 1.708 great risk of MetS compared to rural residents, urban was also at risk of hyperglycemia (OR: 1.611, 95% CI : 1.170–2.219, p = 0.003) and protected against high blood pressure (OR :0.314, 95% CI :0.212–0.466, p < 0.0001), Abdominal obesity (OR : 0.570, 95% CI : 0.409–0.794, p = 0.0009), and Low HDL-c (OR : 0.725, 95% CI: 0.534–0.983, p = 0.038) compared to rural residents.
Conclusions
MetS was more prevalent in urban dwellers and was associated with a low level of PA.
Effect of polypyrrole on the capacitance enhancement of the spherical ZnS-ZnO/G-C3N4 nanocomposite for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Elsayed Asmaa M. , Alnuwaiser Maha Abdallah , Rabia Mohamed
Published: March 2023

ZnS-ZnO/graphitic carbon nitride (G-C3N4) nanocomposite has been synthesized using the hydrothermal method, in which 0.05 g G-C3N4 is added through the composite formation. Moreover, brain-like shape polypyrrole is prepared using the oxidation polymerization method. The XRD confirms the crystalline nature of these materials, and the SEM and TEM analyses confirm the morphological properties of these materials, in which 2D G-C3N4 nanosheets are formed. ZnS-ZnO/G-C3N4 nanocomposite consists of spherical particles with an average particle size of 15 nm that covers the 2D G-C3N4 sheets. ZnS-ZnO/G-C3N4 nanocomposites without/with polypyrrole are used as a paste for the two-symmetric electrodes hybrid supercapacitor. The charge (0.5 to 1.3 A/g), cyclic voltammetry (0.0 to 1.0 potential window), impedance, and stability for the prepared supercapacitor are studied using electrochemical measurements. ZnS-ZnO/G-C3N4 supercapacitors have specific capacitance (CS) of 15.1 and 152.2 F/g without/with the physical addition of polypyrrole, respectively. Also, they have energy density values of 1.17 and 11.87 W.h.kg− 1, respectively. Also, the capacitance retention values are 88.6 and 90.2% without/with polypyrrole addition till 500 cycles. These values confirm the behavior of the polypyrrole material in the enhancement of the supercapacitor efficiency, storage capacity, and stability.
Common fixed point Theorems for Interpolative Mapping in Bicomplex-valued b-Metric Space with An application to Non-linear matrix Equation
Authors: Wangwe Lucas
Published: March 2023

This manuscript plans to prove a common fixed point theorem for interpolative contraction mapping in Bicomplex-valued b-metric spaces. our results generalize and extend several works in literature. We provide an example for verification of our results. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our main result, we give an application to non-linear matrix equations.
The Genetic and Epigenetic Features of Bilateral Wilms Tumor Predisposition: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group AREN18B5-Q Study
Authors: Murphy Andrew J. , Cheng Changde , Williams Justin , Shaw Timothy I. , Pinto Emilia M. , Dieseldorff-Jones Karissa , Brzezinski Jack , Renfro Lindsay A. , Tornwall Brett , Huff Vicki , Hong Andrew L. , Mullen Elizabeth A. , Crompton Brian , Dome Jeffrey S. , Fernandez Conrad V. , Geller James I. , Ehrlich Peter F. , Mulder Heather , Oak Ninad , Maciezsek Jamie , Jablonowski Carolyn , Fleming Andrew M. , Pichavaram Prahalathan , Morton Christopher L. , Easton John , Nichols Kim E. , Clay Michael R. , Santiago Teresa , Zhang Jinghui , Yang Jun , Zambetti Gerard P. , Wang Zhaoming , Davidoff Andrew M. , Chen Xiang
Published: March 2023

This study comprehensively evaluated the landscape of genetic and epigenetic events that predispose to synchronous bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT). We performed whole exome or whole genome sequencing, total-strand RNA-seq, and DNA methylation analysis using germline and/or tumor samples from 68 patients with BWT from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital and the Children’s Oncology Group. We found that 25/61 (41%) of patients evaluated harbored pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants, with WT1 (14.8%), NYNRIN (6.6%), TRIM28 (5%) and the BRCA-related genes (5%) BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 being most common. Germline WT1 variants were strongly associated with somatic paternal uniparental disomy encompassing the 11p15.5 and 11p13/WT1 loci and subsequent acquired pathogenic CTNNB1 variants. Somatic coding variants or genome-wide copy number alterations were almost never shared between paired synchronous BWT, suggesting that the acquisition of independent somatic variants leads to tumor formation in the context of germline or early embryonic, post-zygotic initiating events. In contrast, 11p15.5 status (loss of heterozygosity, loss or retention of imprinting) was shared among paired synchronous BWT in all but one case. The predominant molecular events for BWT predisposition include pathogenic germline variants or post-zygotic epigenetic hypermethylation at the 11p15.5 H19/ICR1 locus (loss of imprinting). This study demonstrates that post-zygotic somatic mosaicism for 11p15.5 hypermethylation/loss of imprinting is the single most common initiating molecular event predisposing to BWT. Evidence of somatic mosaicism for 11p15.5 loss of imprinting was detected in leukocytes of a cohort of BWT patients and long-term survivors, but not in unilateral Wilms tumor patients and long-term survivors or controls, further supporting the hypothesis that post-zygotic 11p15.5 alterations occurred in the mesoderm of patients who go on to develop BWT. Due to the preponderance of BWT patients with demonstrable germline or early embryonic tumor predisposition, BWT exhibits a unique biology when compared to unilateral Wilms tumor and therefore warrants continued refinement of its own treatment-relevant biomarkers which in turn may inform directed treatment strategies in the future.
Pushing the Limits of PLA: Exploring the Power of MWCNTs in Enhancing Thermal, Mechanical Properties, and Weathering Resistance
Authors: Younus Mohammed M. , Naguib Hamdy M. , Fekry Mohamed , Elsawy Moataz A.
Published: March 2023

The present study focuses on the enhancement of the mechanical, thermal, and degradation behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) by the addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different concentrations of 0.5, 1, 3, and 5%. The CNTs were prepared using catalytic chemical vapor deposition, and the prepared PLA/CNTs nanocomposite films were characterized using various techniques such as FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, TGA, TEM, SEM, and XRD. The XRD results indicated an increase in PLA crystallinity with increasing CNT loading. The mechanical tests showed that the incorporation of CNTs had a positive effect on the elongation at break but decreased the ultimate tensile strength of PLA. The thermal gravimetric analysis showed that the prepared nanocomposites were more thermally stable than pure PLA. The accelerated weathering test results revealed that the surface degradation of the nanocomposites decreased with increasing CNT loading, indicating improved weathering resistance. Overall, the results demonstrate that the addition of conductive CNTs to PLA creates a robust mechanical effect on the PLA matrix and enhances its stability.
Treatment of Penoscrotal Basal Cell Carcinoma – An Institutional Retrospective Review
Authors: Light Jeremy G. , Muñoz Genevieve , Council M. Laurin
Published: March 2023

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the sun-protected genital region is rare. We examined all penoscrotal BCC at a single institution over an 18-year period. A total of 7 cases were identified, 5 scrotal and 2 penile. Four cases (57%) were treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) and 3 cases (43%) with conventional excision. A prior retrospective review of vulvar BCC at our institution during the same time period showed that MMS was utilized in 4 (11%) of 35 cases. Functional preservation is vital when performing surgery on the genitals and tissue-sparing MMS provides optimal tumor clearance and outcomes for both males and females.
Leveraging Response Times in Learning Environments: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Pelánek Radek
Published: March 2023

Computer-based learning environments can easily collect student response
times. These can be used for multiple purposes, such as modeling student
knowledge and affect, domain modeling, and cheating detection. However, to
fully leverage them, it is essential to understand the properties of response
times and associated caveats. In this study, we delve into the properties of
response time distributions, including the influence of aberrant student
behavior on response times. We then provide an overview of modeling
approaches that use response times and discuss potential applications of
response times for guiding the adaptive behavior of learning environments.
An Energy Efficient VM Selection Using Updated Dragonfly Algorithm in Cloud Computing
Authors: Prashar Ajay , Thakur Jawahar
Published: March 2023

Cloud computing is popular among industries, academia, and government to supply reliable and scalable computational power. High speed networks in cloud data centers connect Virtual machines with Physical Machines. Virtualization assists the cloud service providers to manage resources effectively but unoptimized and inefficient services degrade the performance of the system. The scheduling architecture of cloud computing includes Physical Machines (PMs), Virtual Machines (VMs) and the allocation and migration policy of the VMs over the PMs. The overutilized PMs get a few migrations and this paper introduces a novel behaviour of VM selection from overutilized PM using Swarm intelligence. The evaluation of the proposed algorithm architecture is compared with other state of art optimization algorithm from the same series. The evaluation has been done on the base of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters such as SLA-Violation, energy consumption against various load variation scenario to support elasticity. The proposed work has outcasted other techniques with significant margin in terms of QoS and the illustrations are discussed in the result.
A framework for assessing hazards related to pit lakes – application on European case studies
Authors: ALHEIB MARWAN , VAROUCHAKIS EMMANOUIL , Galetakis Michail , Renaud Vincent , Burda Jan
Published: March 2023

The number of abandoned mines is continuously increasing in the word. The sustainable exploitation of these abandoned mines is a top priority globally. Open-pit lakes created in the abandoned mining site provide benefits and present risks for the mining region. The paper presents a methodology to assess the hazards (mining and natural). The proposed methodology framework is based on well-established and internationally accepted risk management standards and allows the assessment of the long-term stability of pit lakes. Ground movement, water pollution, fire hazards are presented, and their impact evaluated based on feedback and international experiences. The methodology was applied for 13 European open-pit lakes created in former European coal and lignite mines. A risk assessment of Most lake, using qualitative and a weighted probabilistic approach that considers the overall and the individual effect of identified mining and natural hazards, shown that the main potential hazards are the ground movement and the flooding.
Phylogenetics of phyllocladiferous Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae): a new section exclusive from the Atlantic Rain Forest, with morphological and molecular support
Authors: Orlandini Priscila , Silva Otávio Luis Marques da , Cordeiro Inês , Souza Vinicius Castro
Published: March 2023

The latest phylogenetic and taxonomic studies emphasizing Phyllanthus(Phyllanthaceae) have significantly altered the relationships between its taxa. In this work, we inferred a phylogeny for the phyllocladiferous species of Phyllanthus, traditionally included within Phyllanthus sects. Choretropsis and Xylophylla from eastern Brazil and Caribbean, respectively. Our analysis demonstrated that these two sections are clearly distinct, but sect. Choretropsis, as it currently stands, does not form a monophyletic group. Thus, phylloclades arose in Phyllanthus at least in five distinct clades. Most species of sect. Choretropsis are recovered among representatives of other groups (sects. Antipodanthus and Phyllanthus subsect. Claussenianii), but no macromorphological feature could be traced for the clades we recovered. One exception is a clade containing P. dracenoides, P. gladiatus and P. pedicellatus, species with dracenoid habit and exclusive to the humid dense forests along Atlantic Forest domain, for which we describe a new section.
Age Operator Deep Sparse Fusion Extension of the Expression Recognition
Authors: Chen Bin , Shen Gang , Fan Feiyan
Published: March 2023

To solve the problem of trait differences in expression characteristics among different age groups, shortage of research on cross-age facial expression analysis, and the lack of datasets across ages, put forward the model in age factor deep sparse fusion extension of the expression recognition. The model utilizes a linear dictionary sequence of a high-level form as an input signal for a sparse representation, the input objects are constructed in a linear combination, and select the optimal solution in all solutions with the sparse level as an indicator, further through the convolutional, pooling and full connection processing of convolutional neural networks, the problems of high similarity, insufficient quantity and uneven distribution of data sets are solved through the fusion extension strategy, on this basis, the age operator is combined as feature elements and expression features are extracted and used as the basis for classification decision. Extension by deep sparse fusion, additional factors were extracted using anthropometric models, internal angle calculation and skin wrinkle detection of age operator as expression features, the comparison of results of multiple dataset experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and stability across datasets of the algorithm, the advantages of this algorithm are also demonstrated by the horizontal alignment of the representative cross-age expression classification algorithm. This method is effective for the accuracy and robustness of expression expressions across ages, it has the research value and the reference significance.
Postoperative noninvasive ventilation and complications after repair of oesophageal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula (OA-TOF): a retrospective chart review
Authors: Zheng Maye , Ravindranathan Hari , Lui Kei , Krishnan Usha
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Oesophageal atresia (OA) continues to carry a high morbidity rate despite significant advances in reducing its mortality. The primary aim of this study was to determine if postoperative use of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and/or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) are independent risk factors for adverse outcomes after surgical repair of OA-TOF.
Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted on all OA-TOF neonates repaired between 2007–2020 across Sydney Children’s Hospital (SCH) and The Royal Hospital for Women (RHW). The primary outcome measure was anastomotic leakage (AL). Other outcome measures included anastomotic stricture (AS), mediastinitis, sepsis, and pneumothorax.
Results:
We reviewed 104 charts. No significant association was found between HFNC (p = 0.074) or CPAP (p = 0.859) use with development of AL, or any other adverse outcome. Independent risk factors for AL include anastomosis under tension and type B, OA-TOF. Delayed first oral intake significantly increased risk of mediastinitis (p = 0.006) and sepsis (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Our results suggest postoperative use of HFNC and/or CPAP is safe. Reducing anastomotic tension during repair of OA-TOF and introducing early oral feeding appears to be protective. Further prospective research is still needed to guide postextubation ventilation strategies in this population.
The changing of IVF clinics business: international embryo migration does not affect clinical outcome
Authors: Pellegrini Livia , De Angelis Franco , Tartaglia Silvio , Toschi Marco , Galliano Daniela , Pellicer Antonio , Cozzolino Mauro
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The regulated transportation of cryopreserved human embryos resulting from assisted reproduction treatments offers opportunities for patients to undergo embryo transfer in other regions/countries. However, with this new business for fertility clinics comes the concern of maintaining unaltered embryo quality to assure satisfactory clinical outcomes. The goal of this study was therefore to evaluate the efficacy of the transportation process by comparing the survival rate and competence of the transported embryos to embryos produced on-site.
Methods:This retrospective study assessed the pregnancy outcomes of 608 single frozen embryo transfers at IVI Rome (Italy) between March 2021 and March 2022. Autologous or donated oocytes that were fertilized in vitro, cultured to the blastocyst stage, and cryopreserved in IVI Rome (Group A, n=440), were compared to embryos generated in Spanish IVI clinics and transferred to IVI Rome (Group B, n=168).
Results: Groups A and B respectively showed no significant difference in embryo survival rates after thawing (N= 430/440, 97.7% vs. N=165/168, 98.21%, p=0.71), pregnancy rate (N=221/440, 50.23% vs. N=77/168, 45.83%, p=0.33), clinical pregnancy rate (N=200/440, 45.45% vs. N=62/168, 36.90%, p=0.06), and cumulative miscarriage rate (N=42/221, 19,00% vs. 22/77, 28.57%, p=0.07), even after taking into account embryos screened with preimplantation genetic testing.
Conclusion: The regulated transport of cryopreserved embryos did not affect embryo survival rate or pregnancy outcomes. Our results support the safety of embryo cryopreservation and security of rapid medical shipping services, encouraging clinics and patients to transport their embryos with no significant risk to their competence.
Valorization of olive pomace: phenolic prospecting and biological potential
Authors: Böhmer-Maas Bruna Wendt , Otero Deborah Murowaniecki , Alves Pâmela Inchauspe Corrêa , Pedra Nathalia Stark , Radünz¹ Marjana , Gandra Eliézer Ávila , Zambiazi Rui Carlos
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to extract the phenolic compounds present in the two-phase olive pomace, to characterize biological potential. Two extracts were prepared, one using a 40% methanol solution, at 70 ºC and 180 minutes of stirring (E1), and the other one using an 80% methanol solution, at 70 ºC and 180 minutes of stirring (E2). Individual phenolic compounds were quantified by LC-ESI-qTOF-MS. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity was performed by spectrophotometry against hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazil). The antihyperglycemic effect was evaluated against the enzymes α-amylase and α-glycosidase. The antitumoral activity was evaluated by tests of MTT (Tetrazolium salt) and Sulforodamine B. The antimicrobial tests performed were done by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The major phenolic compound present in both extracts was tyrosol. Both extracts showed antioxidant activity, antihyperglycemic effect and antitumor action. These extracts exerted moderate and weak antimicrobial activity.
Predictive Value of Pulmonary Involvement Score and Clinical Parameters for Severe COVID-19: A Nomogram-Based Approach in Emergency Department
Authors: Ouyang Tao , Wei Shuxing , Tang Yichen , Jia Xuejia , Chen Ying , Dong Hongmeng , Jia Xiuqin , Guo Shubin , Yang Qi
Published: March 2023

Background This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of a pulmonary involvement (PI) score in COVID-19 patients, both independently and in combination with clinical and laboratory parameters, following the adjustment of the dynamic zeroing policy in China. Methods A total of 288 confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia patients (mild/moderate group, 155; severe group, 133) from the Emergence Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, were enrolled in this study and allocated to the training and validation cohort. The PI score of the initial chest CT was evaluated using a semi-quantitative scoring system, and clinical and laboratory parameters were collected. Radiomics and combination predictive models were developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression algorithm and multivariate logistic regression. The models' performance for predicting severe COVID-19 was assessed by receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis and calibration curve. Results Compared with the mild/moderate patients, the severe patients had higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, procalcitonin (PCT), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), but lower blood oxygen saturation and vaccination rate (P < 0.05). The severe group had a higher incidence of consolidation, multi-lobe involvement, interlobular septal thickening, air bronchogram sign, and pleural effusion compared to the mild/moderate group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the PI total score of severe patients was 16.4 ± 3.8, significantly higher than 8.5 ± 3.8 of milder patients (P < 0.001). The developed predictive nomogram, which includes four clinical characteristics and one CT feature, exhibited good performance in predicting severe COVID-19 with an area under the ROC (AUC) of 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97-1.00) in the training dataset, and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.94-1.00) in the validation dataset. Conclusions The combination predictive model, including CT score, clinical factors, and laboratory data, shows favorable predictive efficacy for severe COVID-19, which could potentially aid clinicians in triaging emergency patients.
Perturbation and resilience of the gut microbiome up to three months after β-lactams exposure in healthy volunteers suggest an important role of endogenous β-lactamases
Authors: d'Humières Camille , Delavy Margot , Alla Laurie , Ichou Farid , gauliard Emilie , Ghozlane Amine , Levenez Florence , Galleron Nathalie , Quinquis Benoit , Pons Nicolas , Mullaert Jimmy , Bridier-Nahmias Antoine , Condamine Bénédicte , Touchon Marie , Rainteau Dominique , Lamazière Antonin , Lesnik Philippe , Ponnaiah Maharajah , Lhomme Marie , Sertour Natacha , Devente Savannah , Docquier Jean-Denis , Bougnoux Marie-Elisabeth , Tenaillon Olivier , Magnan Mélanie , Ruppe Etienne , Grall Nathalie , Duval Xavier , Ehrlich Dusko , Mentre France , Denamur erick , Rocha Eduardo P C , Chatelier Emmanuelle Le , Burdet Charles
Published: March 2023

Background
Antibiotics notoriously perturb the gut microbiota. We used untargeted and targeted phenotypic and genotypic approaches to study faecal samples collected up to 90 days following a 3-day course of intravenous β-lactam antibiotics in 22 healthy volunteers. We studied the changes in the bacterial, phage and fungal components of the microbiota as well as the metabolome and the β-lactamase activity of the stools. This allowed assessing their degrees of perturbation and resilience.
Results
While only two subjects had detectable concentrations of antibiotics in their faeces, suggesting important antibiotic degradation in the gut, the intravenous treatment perturbed very significantly the bacterial and phage microbiota, as well as the composition of the metabolome. In contrast, treatment impact was relatively low on the fungal microbiota. At the end of the surveillance period, we found evidence of resilience across the gut system since most components returned to a state like the initial one, even if the taxonomic composition of the bacterial microbiota changed and the dynamics of the different components over time were rarely correlated. The richness of the resistome was significantly reduced up to day 30, while a significant increase in the relative abundance of β-lactamase encoding genes was observed up to day 10, consistent with a concomitant increase in the β-lactamase activity of the microbiota. The level of β-lactamase activity at baseline was positively associated with the resilience of the metabolome content of the stools.
Conclusions
In healthy adults, antibiotics perturb all the components of the microbiota, which mostly return to its baseline state within 30 days. These data suggest an important role of endogenous β-lactamases producing anaerobes in protecting the functions of the microbiota by de-activating the antibiotics reaching the colon.
Postoperative pain management in obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery, Ketorolac and Morphine combination compared to Morphine administration effects: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arefian Noormohammad , Faresani Hamidreza Azizi , Tabashi Soodeh , Safamanesh Sina , Faridi Maziar , Zandpazandi Sara , Behnaz Faranak
Published: March 2023

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the most common respiratory problem in obese patients with Body Mass Index (BMI) > 30. Although narcotics are the best choice for postoperative pain management, their side effects restrict their utilization in these patients. Therefore, postoperative pain management remains a challenge in morbidly obese patients to reduce narcotic administration and prevent OSA.
Methods: 70 obese patients with BMI > 40kg/m2 and BMI > 35kg/m2 with underlying diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, renal disease, and cardiovascular diseases, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 and 2 were enrolled in this clinical trial. Patients who underwent elective laparoscopic Reux-en Y bypass were divided into two groups. Group K received a Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) infusion of Morphine, Paracetamol, and IM Ketorolac. Group M received a PCA infusion of Morphine, and Paracetamol. Patients’ pain scores were recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS) immediately after the surgery, 6, 12, 24 hours later, and upon discharge.
Results: 64 patients completed the study. Pain scores decreased after the surgery, 6, 12, 24 hours later, and at the time of discharge (5.009±1.7, 3.191±2.21, 2.731±2.82, 2.106±1.48, 1.431±1.25, p<0.001) the mean of the pain score in the group K was significantly different from the group M which received Morphine, at all checkpoints ( 1.7 ± 0.34, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Ketorolac added to the Morphine infusion pump was more effective than the morphine regime in reducing postoperative pain in obese patients.
Growth of single-crystal imine-linked covalent organic frameworks in water using amphiphilic amino-acid derivatives
Authors: Zhou Zhipeng , Zhang Lei , Yang Yonghang , Vitorica-Yrezabal Iñigo J. , Wang Honglei , Tan Fanglin , Gong Li , Li Yuyao , Chen Pohua , Dong Xin , Liang Zihao , Yang Jing , Wang Chao , Hong Yuexian , Qiu Yi , Gölzhäuser Armin , Chen Xudong , Qi Haoyuan , Yang Sihai , Liu Wei , Sun Junliang , Zheng Zhikun
Published: March 2023

Living organisms explored functional biomolecules such as proteins bearing glycine to create single-crystals of minerals in water without resorting to low levels of supersaturation. However, this strategy remains poorly effective in the crystallization of organic polymers. Here, we report a biomimetic strategy and its implementation to synthesize single-crystals of an important class of organic polymers - covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in water under ambient conditions. The strategy explores assemblies of amphiphilic molecules of glycine derivatives as dynamic barriers to separate monomers in water and oil phases, thereby regulating the polymerization and crystallization processes. Monomers first polymerized into disordered solids regardless of concentration variations over five orders of magnitude, then transformed into crystals in a step-by-step fashion with monomers and dimers as main building units, affording six types of single-crystals at the gram-scale with yields of ≥ 92% besides a two-dimensional COF-366. This study will be a valuable addition to the repertoire of crystallization path and methodology of organic polymers and promote their industrial applications.
Performance of Three Scab-resistant Pecan Cultivars in Southern Georgia in the Absence of Fungicide Application
Authors: Wells Lenny , Slade Hunter
Published: March 2023

Current economic conditions demonstrate the need for disease-resistant, highly productive pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cultivars for the southeastern United States that can generate high yield potential and can be produced at a reduced cost to enhance grower profit margins. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the pecan cultivars Lakota, McMillan, and Excel in the humid growing region of the Coastal Plain of Georgia, USA, in the absence of fungicides. In addition, recognizing the excessive nut production of ‘Lakota’, we evaluated the response of ‘Lakota’ to mechanical fruit thinning. Four trees each of ‘Lakota’, ‘McMillan’, and ‘Excel’ were selected randomly for sampling. Trees within this orchard block receive no fungicide applications. Pecan scab (Venturia effusa) was not observed on any cultivar evaluated throughout the study. Powdery mildew (Microsphaera alni) was observed on all cultivars, but was significantly greater on ‘McMillan’ in 2020 and 2022 as a result of drier conditions in those years. Based on current data, all three pecan cultivars evaluated during this study are suitable for commercial production; however, ‘Lakota’ and ‘Excel’ performed best under these conditions in terms of nut yield. There was no consistent difference in nut weight among cultivars. ‘Lakota’ has the greatest potential in terms of percent kernel, averaging 58% kernel compared with 49% and 52%, respectively, for ‘Excel’ and ‘McMillan’. However, in years of excessive cropping, percent kernel of ‘Lakota’ is reduced significantly. Mechanical fruit thinning increased the following year’s production of ‘Lakota’ by 82% over nonthinned trees.
Enrichment of precious metals associated with chalcopyrite inclusions in sphalerite and pyrite
Authors: Zhang He , Qian Gujie , Zhou Fengfang , Cai Yuanfeng , Pring Allan
Published: March 2023

The results of investigations into enrichment of precious metals in sphalerite and pyrite from the Maluntou epithermal gold deposit, China, are reported. The obtained data suggest intimate associations of Au- and Ag-bearing nanoparticles with chalcopyrite inclusions in sphalerite and pyrite. The origins of chalcopyrite inclusions involved different hydrothermal processes, including recrystallization-driven phase separation from parent chalcopyrite-sphalerite solid solutions and replacement of pre-existing pyrite in the presence of Cu-bearing fluids. The chalcopyrite blebs/lamellae follow sphalerite {111} planes, which define a shared sulfur layer for both chalcopyrite and sphalerite. This study indicates that mixing and boiling during the evolution of ore-forming fluids for the Maluntou deposit are key processes for the abnormal enrichment of precious metals in sphalerite and pyrite. The chalcopyrite micro/nano inclusions enhanced enrichment of precious metals in sphalerite provides new insights into the controls on the enrichment of precious metals in sulfides.
El significado del totalitarismo en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Carballo Marín Luis Ernesto
Published: March 2023

El propósito de este trabajo de investigación es rastrear el significado del concepto filosófico de totalitarismo en la obra de la filósofa Hannah Arendt para establecer si se puede hablar de este concepto en la actualidad y así identificar la vinculación del término con algunas cuestiones contemporáneas. El trabajo analiza las características de los regímenes totalitarios, los cuales tienen como base el terror y la dominación. A partir del análisis interpretativo las obras Los orígenes del totalitarismo y la Condición humana, en el primer apartado se ahonda en algunos conceptos esenciales del pensamiento de esta filósofa que nos permiten comprender la manera como el totalitarismo imposibilita el auténtico sentido de la política. En el segundo apartado, por otra parte, se analizan algunos fenómenos sociopolíticos que presentan algunos rasgos de este fenómeno y se discute la vigencia de este concepto. Finalmente, en el tercer apartado, se señala la importancia de la comprensión filosófica del totalitarismo para evitar cualquier repetición de este fenómeno, el cual va en contra de la libertad y pluralidad de los seres humanos.
Estrategias pedagógicas implementadas alrededor de la participación infantil durante la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Henao Bustamante Sandra Milena , Córdoba Moreno Diana Rocío , Higuita Galeano Anlly Paola , Mercado Bedoya María Manuela , Mosquera Benítez Adriana Zamira
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo expone, como resultados de investigación, cuáles son las estrategias pedagógicas implementadas por una docente para la participación infantil durante la pandemia por COVID-19 y cómo esas estrategias contribuyen a procesos participativos de los niños y niñas en el contexto educativo o social. La investigación se llevó a cabo con una población de 25 niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años del grado Jardín B y una docente de un Hogar Infantil del municipio de Girardota, Antioquia. Los resultados indican que para la aplicación de esas estrategias deben tenerse en cuenta los conocimientos previos, las habilidades, el interés y la necesidad que se evidencia en los niños y niñas frente a las temáticas planteadas, quienes a su vez van desarrollando y afianzando sus aprendizajes de manera significativa, lo que facilita los procesos de socialización e integración en los diferentes contextos.
Pedagogía y didáctica: un camino hacia “el arte de aprender”
Authors: Vélez Puerta Juan Diego
Published: March 2023

El propósito de este artículo es presentar una reflexión en torno a la pedagogía y la didáctica, examinando su atributo de enseñabilidad (pregunta por el qué enseñar, razón epistemológica); y la educabilidad (la pregunta por el quién, por el sujeto). Como elementos fundamentales en la dinámica enseñanza aprendizaje y la relación docente-alumno, cuyos estándares de eficiencia no sean fijados en la simple evaluación instrumental y puedan ser percibidos en la formación de un mejor capital humano.
Experiencia microcurricular sobre la educación rural en la formación docente. Aspectos ontológicos, epistemológicos y praxeológicos
Authors: Cañaveral Machado Estefanía , Pareja Isaza Natalia , Villa Taborda Luisa Fernanda
Published: March 2023

Este artículo expone la manera como se ha abordado la educación rural en la malla curricular del programa de Licenciatura en Educación Infantil de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó de Medellín y la perspectiva de docentes y estudiantes. Se utilizó una investigación de carácter cualitativa con alcances hermenéuticos, a través de la modalidad de investigación evaluativa. Los resultados emergieron a partir de las entrevistas a docentes y estudiantes y del análisis de la propuesta microcurricular del programa. Después de realizar todo el proceso de recolección y análisis de la información, se pudo concluir que es indispensable que la formación de los docentes sea tan integral, que les brinde las herramientas necesarias para desenvolverse de manera pertinente en contextos diversos. Además, esta formación debe estar articulada continuamente con las realidades que se viven en las diferentes zonas rurales. Es por esto que surge la necesidad de diseñar mallas curriculares que favorezcan y brinden la oportunidad a las personas que residen en la ruralidad de gozar de una educación de alta calidad enfocada en sus particularidades.
La conducta suicida, un problema de salud pública en el mundo
Authors: Amador Sanchéz Omar
Published: March 2023

De acuerdo con los datos publicados por la Organización mundial de la Salud (OMS, 2017), más de 800 mil personas se suicidan cada año, y entre 10 y 20 millones intentan quitarse la vida. Es un fenómeno que generalmente se inicia con ideaciones y pensamientos de muerte, luego sobrevienen los intentos hasta llegar al suicidio consumado, convirtiéndolo en un acto consciente que tienen como propósito acabar con la propia existencia (Benavides Mora et al., 2019)...
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Homodimeric Morita-Baylis-Hillman Adducts Based on 3-Hydroxyindolin-2-one Core
Authors: Coelho Maísa , Castro Aleff , Olegário Tayná , Cristiano Rodrigo , Vaz Boniek , dos Santos Gabriel , Machado Lucas , Militão Gardênia , da Silva Paulo , Vasconcellos Mário , Lima-Junior Claudio
Published: March 2023

Cancer treatment represents one of the main scientific study targets today, mainly due to the pronounced side effects arising from chemotherapy. This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of ten compounds from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction. Ethylene glycol diacrylate was used as a double Michael acceptor in reactions with isatin derivatives to give homodimers of 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one core, recognized in the literature for its extensive pharmacological profile. The use of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) as a catalyst and room temperature were the optimal conditions for the study reaction. The isolated yields were up to 63%, with most reaction times inferior to 24 h, some as fast as 15 min. The anticancer potential of the synthesized dimers was evaluated in vitro against three cancer strains, resulting in average inhibitory concentrations up to 0.72 μM. It was also found that the best performing homodimers are more active than their monomeric counterparts. Considering the promising selectivity indices observed, the preliminary results obtained here act as a basis for broader tests regarding the effectiveness of homodimeric adducts against cancer cells.
Buddhist Baron R. Ungern von Sternberg and the Right-Wing Literature
Authors: Dubakov L. V.
Published: March 2023

The article describes the way Russian right-wing literature reflected the Buddhist component of the image of Baron R. Ungern von Sternberg. The author used the interpretive and comparative methods to study the works by E. Limonov, A. Dugin, and L. Prozorov, as well as poets and essayists from the Black Corps Almanac published by the Brotherhood of St. Rev. Joseph Volotsky. Each of these authors had their own perception of R. Ungern’s image, but he remained a symbol of struggle against the wrong world order. For E. Limonov and A. Shiropaev, he was an anti-Western, anti-bourgeois, and revolutionary-minded warrior who became Mahagala, a Mongol-Buddhist god of war. For A. Dugin, he was a universal Pratyekabuddhayāna who was to bring a purifying destruction upon the world as a forerunner of Bodhisattva Maitreya. For the team of the Black Corps Almanac, he was a Buddhism-related Christian warrior who opposed the red ideology. For L. Prozorov, R. Ungern was a demonic mystical being who chose fascism as a means to conquer the world but thought himself equal to Buddha and Christ. In all these cases, the image of Baron R. Ungern existed in a high stylistic register while his real biography and religious issues faded into the background, overshadowed by his symbolism. As a result, Baron R. Ungern turned into a principle that still inspires the modern right-wing, Eurasian, and traditionalist idea.
Constructing the Image of Feminism in Russian Media: A Corpus Study
Authors: Erofeeva E. V. , Obukhova I. A.
Published: March 2023

As any social movement, feminism finds its reflection in the media. Media are a full-fledged institution capable of shaping public consciousness, targeting particular social groups, setting standards of mass behavior, and determining the main directions of social development.

   This research featured Russian news about feminism in terms of event structure.

   It covered news headlines published in Russian media in 2014-2021 and retrieved via the Smi2.ru media aggregator.

   Feminism-related headlines were automatically extracted from a dataset of 8,954 headlines. The subcorpus was analyzed in the Semograph Information System, which made it possible to classify texts, obtain frequency data on certain classes, and establish connections between them. The frequency data analysis was represented as a graphical model of the news space in the field of feminism using the SciVi visualizer. The event and thematic analyses revealed a three-level classification. The media usually informed about events where participants belonged to various social groups that protested against something, e.g., people or performances. The news informed about the actions and reactions of media people and about art sphere. The article introduces a graphical model that shows the links between event components in the headlines. It demonstrated three main areas of action in the field of feminism: art, media, and feminist movements. Each of these fields has its own core and structure. The media sphere appeared to be closed on itself; the art-related news agenda focused mostly on social matters; the field of feminist movements was associated with counteracting and involved descriptions of radical actions. When informing about feminism, the media construct an alternative reality that differs from the real issues that feminism aims at resolving.
Emotional Concept of Abneigung: Core Features and Lexical Representations
Authors: Korogodina I. V.
Published: March 2023

The present research featured a complex description of non-verbal and verbal representations of the emotional concept of Abneigung (antipathy ) in the German linguistic worldview.

   The research objective was to analyze the linguistic representations of the core conceptual signs, as well as to describe their functional and special characteristics.

   The study covered lexemes that designate the concepts of  emotion and antipathy in the modern German, as well as bilateral metaphors and sustained metaphors. The author defined the conceptual status of Emotion and uncovered the actual linguistic nomination and mental representation of  Abneigung. The core sings of Abneigung, represented by primary and secondary nominations, appeared to be Emotion (emotion), Ekel (disgust), and Hass (hate). The metaphoric analysis revealed physiological manifestations behind the basic conceptual sign Emotion. For Ekel, it was agent, object, and event targeting; for Hass, it was intensity and agent targeting. The conceptual sign  Emotion was represented only by primary nomination, whereas  Ekel and  Hass were represented by both primary and secondary nominations, i. e., bilateral and sustained metaphors.