bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resection depth and layer of underwater versus conventional endoscopic mucosal resection of intermediate-sized colorectal polyps: A pilot study
Authors: Nomura Hiroki , Tsuji Shigetsugu , Utsunomiya Manami , Kawasaki Azusa , Tsuji Kunihiro , Yoshida Naohiro , Takemura Kenichi , Katayanagi Kazuyoshi , Minato Hiroshi , Doyama Hisashi
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Curability of colorectal tumors is associated with resection depth and layer in endoscopic resection. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) has not undergone sufficient histopathological evaluation. We conducted a pilot study to compare the effectiveness, including resection depth and layer, of UEMR and conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (CEMR).

Patients and methods This study was a single-center, retrospective study. Patients with colorectal lesions were treated by UEMR or CEMR between January 2018 and March 2020. Eligible patients were selected from included patients in a 1:1 ratio using propensity score matching. We compared the resection depth and layer and treatment results between the UEMR and CEMR groups.

Results We evaluated 55 patients undergoing UEMR and 291 patients undergoing CEMR. Using propensity score matching, we analyzed 54 lesions in each group. The proportion of specimens containing submucosal tissue was 100 % in both groups. The median thickness of the submucosal tissue was significantly greater in the CEMR group than in the UEMR group [1235 µm (95 % confidence interval [CI], 1020–1530 µm) vs. 950 µm (95 % CI, 830–1090 µm), respectively]. However, vertical margins were negative in all lesions in both groups.

Conclusions Our findings suggest that the median thickness of submucosal tissue in the UEMR group was about 1,000 μm. Even though the resection depth achieved with UEMR was more superficial than that achieved with CEMR, UEMR may be a treatment option, especially for colorectal lesions ≤ 20 mm in diameter without suspicious findings of submucosal deeply invasive cancer.
Treating Insulin Resistance with Intermittent Personalized Nutrition
to Sustain Metabolic Health and Functioning Immune System for Risk Reduction of
Viral Diseases Especially COVID-19 and Long-COVID
Authors: Rohner Markus , Schwarz Peter E. H. , Bornstein Stefan R.
Published: May 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has provided new and strong evidence for poor outcomes of
viral infection in patients with poor metabolic health. Insulin resistance is at
the root of many metabolic conditions and a key driver of their progression as
it promotes ineffectual inflammation whilst impairing immune functions. In a
vicious circle, insulin resistance facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection, whilst
infection drives insulin resistance. We discuss the underlying mechanisms and
explore ways to improve metabolic health and prevent insulin resistance through
early detection and targeted nutritional interventions. With proven efficacy in
prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and their cardiovascular and organ complications,
as much as non-alcoholic liver disease, we argue to extend such approaches to
ensure resilience to the current pandemic and viral challenges beyond.
Inborn Errors of Immunity among Egyptian Children with Recurrent Acute Otitis Media
Authors: Abd Elsameea Mohammed , Abd-Elkader Mohammed , Fahmy Eman M. , Abdelkreem Elsayed , ElTaher Mostafa A.
Published: May 2022

Objective Our objective was to investigate the relative frequency and pattern of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) among Egyptian children with recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM).

Methods This was a cross-sectional study that included children from the age of 6 months to 16 years with rAOM. Those with structural, functional, and environmental risk factors were excluded. Enrolled children underwent thorough clinical, otorhinolaryngological, and immunological evaluation, including hematological counting, quantitative immunoglobulins assay, lymphocytic flow cytometric immunophenotyping, CH50, and phagocytic function tests.

Results The study included 69 children with rAOM (44 boys and 25 girls; median age 30 months). IEIs were identified in 14 children, including transient hypogammaglobulinemia (three cases), selective IgA deficiency (three cases), agammaglobulinemia (two cases), common variable immunodeficiency (two cases), and one case for each of congenital neutropenia, Chediak–Higashi syndrome, hyper IgM syndrome, and Griscelli syndrome. Parental consanguinity and history of unexplained/infection-related siblings' deaths were significantly associated with IEIs (p = 0.018 and 0.003, respectively). AOM and related complications were more frequent among IEI cases (p = 0.018 and 0.032, respectively). IEI cases had lower levels of hemoglobin (10.7 ± 2.80 vs. 12.3 ± 1.64 g/dL; p = 0.002), IgG (203 [78–1,370] vs. 708 [42.3–1,509] mg/dL; p = 0.000), and IgA (24.3 [3–310] vs. 80 [15.6–305] mg/dL; p = 0.009) compared with non-IEI cases.

Conclusion The current study identified IEIs in one-fifth of children with rAOM, most of which were predominately antibody deficiencies. An immunological workup for rAOM is particularly important in the presence of certain indicators for IEIs, provided that other more common risk factors are excluded.
COVID-19 Symptoms with Pre-Existing and Not Pre-Existing Neurological Disorders in Pediatrics
Authors: Yimenicioglu Sevgi , Ekici Arzu
Published: May 2022

Objective The symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children with pre-existing neurological disease are unknown. We aimed to find out the difference in the symptoms of children with pre-existing neurological disease and those without.

Methods In this single-center, retrospective, cohort study, 96 pediatric patients who had COVID-19 between March 2020 and April 2021 were enrolled.

Results There were 35 males and 61 females. The median age was 14 years (interquartile range [IQR] 10.25–16). Fever (38.5%), headache (35.4%), and cough (32.3%) were the most common symptoms. In 53.1%, neurological complaints (headache, taste-smell loss, vertigo, febrile seizure, coma, and ataxia), in 40.6%, respiratory symptoms (cough, dyspnea, rhinitis, and pharyngitis), and in 8.3%, gastrointestinal symptoms (gastroenteritis, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain) were seen. While 23 (62.2%) patients with fever did not have neurological complaints, 14 (37.8%) had neurological complaints (p = 0.017). Eight (21.6%) patients with fever were hospitalized (p = 0.067). Fever was seen significantly more frequently with pre-existing neurological disease (p < 0.001). Younger children were more likely to have fever (p = 0.008). Headaches and taste–smell loss were seen more frequently in patients with no pre-existing neurological disease (p < 0.001, p = 0.034, respectively). The patients with headaches were older than the ones without headaches (p < 0.001). Patients with headaches and loss of taste and smell were older than those without (p = 0.003).

Conclusion Neurological symptoms differed significantly between those who had pre-existing neurological disease and those who did not. Headaches and taste–smell loss were seen more frequently in patients with no pre-existing neurological disease. Fever was significantly higher in patients who had pre-existing neurological disease.
Quantifying Complications: An Analysis of Operative Time and Intraoperative Factors in Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Egan Katie G. , Elver Ashlie A. , Godbe Kerilyn N. , Nazir Niaman , Holding Julie , Butterworth James , Lai Eric
Published: May 2022

Background Analysis of operative flow has been shown to improve efficiency in breast microsurgery. Both complex decision-making skills and technical mastery are required to overcome intraoperative challenges encountered during microsurgical reconstruction. Effects of intraoperative complications on operative time have not yet been reported.

Methods A retrospective chart review of microsurgical breast reconstructions by three surgeons between 2013–2020 analyzed operative variables and duration. Intraoperative complications were determined from the operative report. Correlations between continuous variables were determined using Spearman correlation coefficients. Nonparametric testing was used when comparing operative duration between groups.

Results Operative duration was analyzed for 547 autologous breast reconstruction cases; 210 reconstructions were unilateral and 337 were bilateral. Average operative duration was 471.2 SD 132.2 minutes overall (360.1 SD 100.5 minutes for unilateral cases and 530.5 SD 110.5 minutes for bilateral cases). Operative duration decreased with surgeon experience (r = -0.17, p< .001).

Regarding intraoperative complications, difficult donor dissection was correlated with an average operative duration increase of 91.7 minutes (n = 43, 7.9%, p< .001), pedicle injury with an additional 67.7 minutes (n = 19, 3.5%, p = .02) and difficult recipient vessel dissection with an increase of 63.0 minutes (n = 35, 6.4%, p = .003). Complications with anastomosis also showed a statistically significant increase in operative duration, with arterial complications resulting in an increase of 104.3 minutes (n = 41, 7.5%, p< .001) and venous complications resulting in an increase in 78.8 minutes (n = 32, 5.8%, p< .001). Intraoperative thrombus resulted in an increase of 125.5 minutes (n = 20, 3.7%, p< .001), and requiring alternative venous outflow added an average of 193.7 minutes (n = 8, 1.5%, p< .001).

Conclusion Intraoperative complications in autologous breast reconstruction significantly increase operative time. The greatest increase in operative time is seen with intraoperative thrombosis or requiring alternative venous outflow. As these complications are rarely encountered in breast microsurgery, opportunities for simulation and case-based practice exist to improve efficiency.
Ion and neutral beams merge to measure reactions under cold interstellar medium conditions
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: May 2022

Experiment becomes the first to employ the merged beams technique to study ion-neutral collisions at a heavy ion storage ring.
Novel scaling laws in the nonequilibrium turbulent wake of a rotor and a fractal plate
Authors: Xiong Xue-Lu , Laima Shujin , Li Hui
Published: May 2022

This paper describes an experimental study in which a novel nonequilibrium self-similarity/self-preservation region is found to exist in the wakes of both a rotor and a fractal plate. In this novel nonequilibrium self-similarity region, the ratio of the mean flow length scale to the turbulence length scale and the ratio of the mean flow velocity scale to the turbulence velocity scale are not constant in the streamwise direction. However, in this region, the ratio of the mean flow time scale to the turbulence time scale is approximately constant in the streamwise direction. Using the simplified Reynolds-averaged equation of motion, new scaling laws are derived for this novel nonequilibrium self-similarity region, and these are confirmed by experimental measurements. Significant differences are observed between the rotor wake and fractal plate wake. The rotor wake reaches a self-similarity state much earlier than the fractal plate wake. A transition in the self-similarity state and scaling laws is found to occur in the rotor wake within the measurement region considered in the present study (3D–20D, where D is the effective diameter of the wake generator).
Semantics of the Chinese passive construction with retained object
Authors: Jiang Canzhong , Wen Xu
Published: May 2022

The Chinese Passive Construction with Retained Object (CPCRO) has aroused extensive attention from scholars especially advocators of Generative Grammar due to its syntactic idiosyncrasy. Previous researches primarily concerned with such syntactic idiosyncrasy concentrate on issues of its syntactic derivation but fail to provide an empirically responsible and consensual explanation for all its instantiations. This paper initiates a new perspective by focusing on its semantics on the basis of Construction Grammar. It is argued that CPCRO is a construction with its constructional meaning characterized by a causative meaning that profiles the causee’s change. This passive causative meaning is elaborated by three verb-class-specific semantic variants, i.e., the passive cause-motion variant associated with motion verbs or verbs entailing motion and specifying the causee’s change of location, the passive cause-result variant associated with verbs of making or creating and specifying the causee’s change of state, and the passive cause-receive/lose variant associated with ditransitive verbs or verbs with the potential of taking double objects and specifying the causee’s change of possession. They are structured into a polysemy network in the sense that the passive cause-result variant is metaphorically extended from the passive cause-motion variant, whereas the passive cause-receive/lose variant encoding the object-dual-based conceptualization of Event Structure directly relates to the passive cause-motion variant which encodes the location-dual-based conceptualization, and indirectly to the passive cause-result variant which preserves the location-dual-based conceptualization due to the invariance principle of metaphorical mapping, through profile shift.
Physiological instruments meet mixed methods in Media Accessibility
Authors: Hermosa-Ramírez Irene
Published: May 2022

Mixed methods have an established trajectory in the social sciences. Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility (MA) Studies are also increasingly applying the “third research paradigm” (Johnson et al., 2007, 112). Yet, publications in our field often fail to discuss the mixed-method nature of the study in depth, be it because of space limitations or a lack of deliberate integration of the methods. Concurrently, MA has seen a boom in experimental research, as descriptive approaches have given way to reception and user-centred studies that engage in the cognitive processes and immersion of audiences (Orero et al. 2018). This article proposes a methodological basis for MA researchers to design studies employing physiological instruments within a mixed methods framework. The core mixed methods designs (convergent, explanatory, and exploratory) are presented, and examples of their applications to research employing physiological instruments are discussed.
Challenges of constitutional reform, economic transformation and Covid-19 in Botswana
Authors: Makgala Christian John , Malila Ikanyeng Stonto
Published: May 2022

Botswana’s much-lauded economic boom was accompanied by a disproportionately powerful presidency, poverty, significant economic inequities, elite corruption and rising unemployment. Mokgweetsi Masisi succeeded Ian Khama as president of the long-ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) in 2018. He won the 2019 election on a platform of constitutional reform and economic transformation, but the rift between Masisi and Khama appeared to dissuade Masisi from pursuing the much-touted constitutional reform. Masisi needed the ‘blank cheque constitution’ to deploy the state apparatus in his personal war of attrition with the fearsome Khama. During the Covid-19 outbreak, however, civil society put pressure on Masisi to go beyond idle customary rhetoric and make a commitment to constitutional reform.
How Should the Risk of Absconding Be Assessed? Existing Approaches within Forensic Mental Health Systems and Examination of a New Scale
Authors: Penney Stephanie R. , Wilkie Treena , Simpson Alexander I. F.
Published: May 2022

At present, there are few validated tools to assist clinicians in assessing absconding risk and formulating viable risk management plans. In this article, we review existing literature on instrument validity and reliability in relation to absconding among patients in forensic care. We examine the predictive validity of a new risk assessment scale for absconding, the Waypoint Elopement Risk Scale-Historical (WERS-H), and assess its incremental utility against a general violence risk assessment instrument (HCR-20V3). Results from all active inpatients in our service ( N = 139) revealed 73 individuals who were responsible for 261 absconding events from 2014 to 2020, representing a similar event frequency from a previous census conducted in 2012, but also reflecting considerable annual fluctuations in rate. Confirming results of earlier studies, the presence of substance use and lengthy durations of forensic supervision emerged as key variables associated with absconding. The WERS-H was found to be a significant predictor of future absconding events (incident rate ratio = 1.21, 95% CI [1.07, 1.38], p = .002) and contributed incrementally over the HCR-20V3 Historical scale, suggesting that the use of an absconding-specific risk tool may yield better predictive accuracy compared to assessment instruments in the domain of general violence or offending.
Genetic Analysis of Suicide: A Sample Study in Tuscany (Central Italy)
Authors: Focardi Martina , Gualco Barbara , Pinchi Vilma , Gian-Aristide Norelli , Rensi Regina , Pelo Elisabetta , Carboni Ilaria , Ricci Ugo
Published: May 2022

Many studies have examined the genetic contribution to suicide. However, data on suicide in the Italian population are scarce. We therefore aimed to address this gap by investigating a cohort of 111 Italians for whom a verdict of suicide had been declared in court in Florence, Italy between 2007 and 2017. This cohort included 86 men and 25 women. DNA samples were obtained from tissues or blood, and 22 genes from multiple neurobiological pathways previously shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of suicide were analysed. Next-generation sequencing was used to compare these gene sequences with those from a large, normal population. In this study, we identified 19 gene variants that were present at significantly lower frequencies in our Italian cohort than in the general population. In addition, four missense mutations were identified in four different genes: Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA), 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2 A (HTR2A), Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 8 (SCN8A), and Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (NOS3). Our study identified several potential genetic links with suicide in a cohort of Italians and supports a relationship between specific genetic variants and suicidal behaviour in this population. Key PointsThis study shows a genetic analysis of suicide.This study examines a cohort of 111 Italians for whom a verdict of suicide had been declared in court in Florence, Italy between 2007 and 2017. DNA samples were obtained from tissues or blood, and 22 genes from multiple neurobiological pathways were investigated.The study supports a relationship between specific genetic variants and suicidal behaviour.
Flexible beamforming using transmission-type coding metasurface
Authors: Yang Jianfeng , Chen Juan , Quan Lei , Chen Xiaoming , Shi Hongyu , Liu Yajun , Xue Wei
Published: May 2022

The emergence and rapid development of metasurfaces have paved the way towards arbitrarily manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves through amplitude and phase control. However, most real time manipulations were realized in reflection-type metasurfaces depending on phase control. Shaping transmitted fields with metasurface dynamically is still lacking to date. Herein, we propose a strategy combining active transmission amplitude control with phase coding to achieve excellent ability of tailoring the transmitted field patterns dynamically in microwave regime. The metasurface consists of a binary phase coding part on the bottom and an amplitude control part with loaded PIN diodes on the top. When biasing the diodes with variable voltage, active transmission amplitude control is obtained for specific phase coding units without affecting the others. Through phase coding and active amplitude control, manipulating the radiated EM waves on two degrees of freedom is realized. Dynamic beamforming on two coding schemes with this method is exhibited to the demonstrate the manipulation mechanism. The experiment results show good agreements with the theoretical predictions and numerical simulations, hence confirm the proposed concept. In addition, the elaborately designed bias network makes the metasurface polarization-insensitive. This work adds a convenient and feasible way for dynamic EM manipulation and can found new applications, such as reconfigurable beam emitter for adaptive communication and radar systems.
Low frequency broadband bandgaps in elastic metamaterials with two-stage inertial amplification and elastic foundations
Authors: Mu Di , Wang Keyi , Shu Haisheng , Lu Jiahao
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes two improved elastic metamaterials (EMs) by separately introducing the two-stage inertial amplification structures and introducing the structures and elastic foundations simultaneously based on the existing EMs. Firstly, the dynamic analysis of the unit cells and the calculation of band structures are carried out, the bandgap characteristics of proposed systems are taken a comparative analysis with those of existing EMs, and the bandgap formation mechanism is clarified by the effective parameter singularity. Then, the effects of structural parameters on bandgap characteristics are discussed. Finally, the vibration attenuation characteristics of finite lattice structures based on the equivalent models are calculated, and the transmittance testing experiments are conducted on prototypes of four-unit structures. Theoretical and experimental results show that, compared with the existing EMs, the two proposed systems have lower bandgap starting frequencies and larger bandwidths. This research could provide certain guidance for the control and utilization of low and ultra-low frequency vibration in engineering applications and the regulation of low and ultra-low frequency broadband elastic waves in scientific research related functional devices.
Transient phenomena during dense argon micro-plasma formation
Authors: Levko Dmitry , Subramaniam Vivek , Raja Laxminarayan L
Published: May 2022

We report on transient generation of highly ionized (ionization degree ∼10%) argon microplasma using a self-consistent fluid plasma model coupled with the compressible Navier–Stokes equations. The plasma is generated within a micrometer size cathode spot immediately after the onset of intense secondary electron emission from the cathode and exists over a relatively short duration of ∼10 ns. We observe the electron pressure within this microplasma exceeding the background gas pressure by a few times and discuss the mechanisms of the energy transfer from this plasma to the heavy species. The localized gas heating generates a compression wave that propagates from the cathode to the anode.
A progressive fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings based on VMD energy entropy and a deep adversarial transfer network
Authors: Xu Yanhe , Li Sifan , Jiang Wei , Liu Wei , Zhao Kunjie
Published: May 2022

Bearing fault diagnosis with extensive labeled fault data has been achieved. In engineering, most machines are in a healthy state. When a fault does occur, the machine is shut down as soon as possible, thus it is difficult and uneconomical to collect enough fault data with labels to carry out a fault diagnosis. To solve the problem, a hybrid fault diagnosis method for rotating machinery, based on variational mode decomposition energy entropy (VMD-EE) and transfer learning (TL), is proposed. First, we decompose the original signal using VMD, calculate the EE value of the modal components, then build a dataset using fault data from these components. Second, a deep residual neural network is proposed to extract high-dimensional features from the dataset and divide the data into source and target domains according to the working conditions. Finally, W-distances are introduced to dynamically evaluate the importance of the conditional and marginal distribution probabilities to minimize the loss, with a feature-based TL method being used to dynamically balance the distribution adaption and reduce the difference in the probability distributions of the two domains. The proposed method is validated using the datasets of Case Western Reserve University and a machinery fault simulator platform. The VMD-based intelligent health detection and statistical analysis solve the problem of mode mixing very well and accurately detect signal faults, or not, by

E

E

θ

, the threshold of VMD-EE. Meanwhile, the accuracy of TL-based neural network fault diagnosis is up to 99.4%, and the losses are kept at around 0.02. These results show the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method in the absence of datasets and under varying operating conditions.
Measurement and evaluation of wheel profiles of a rail vehicle on an underfloor wheelset lathe
Authors: Liu Fei , Liang Lin , Hou Chenggang , Xu Guanghua , Liu Dan , Wang Lixin , Chen Xiaohang , Du Hongfeng
Published: May 2022

Wheel profile form directly affects the dynamic behaviour of rail vehicles. Moreover, it is an important factor to ensure the safe running of a high-speed vehicle. As off-line measurements do not provide high-efficiency and high-accuracy wheel profile measurements, we focused on on-machine measurement and evaluation for obtaining the wheel profiles of a rail vehicle in this study. By combining the wheel machining with the wheel measurement, the measurement and evaluation of radial and axial wheel profiles on the underfloor wheelset lathe were proposed. The measurement of radial wheel profile based on two laser sensors was introduced, and the corresponding error models of on-machine measurement were established. The error models were used to separate the measurement errors from the measurement data. This can improve the accuracy of measuring the radial wheel profile effectively. For measuring the axial wheel profile, an adaptive correction method of profile error was proposed to suppress the measurement error, which was the basis for obtaining an accurate equivalent conicity. By measuring radial and axial wheel profiles, polygonisation evaluation and equivalent conicity were obtained to evaluate the radial and axial dynamic behaviours of a wheelset, respectively. Finally, the measurements were applied to an underfloor wheelset lathe to verify the effectiveness of measuring wheel profiles. In this study, we not only improved working efficiency for the machine tools, but also provided a high-accuracy measurement method for the wheel profiles of rail vehicle.
Measurement properties of electric field intensity distribution of whispering gallery mode with near-field optical probe
Authors: Liu Yushen , Kadoya Shotaro , Michihata Masaki , Takahashi Satoru
Published: May 2022

The distribution of the external electric field intensity of the whispering gallery mode (WGM) can be measured using a scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) probe. As probing the resonator influences the optical resonance state, the measurement properties of the SNOM probe are worth studying. In this study, the measurement mechanism of WGMs using a glass SNOM probe was analyzed numerically. A probe with a nanometric-diameter is generally preferable. The results showed that the high-contrast measurement was possible; however, the signal was weak. Using a tip with a diameter equal to half the resonant wavelength, the signal strength was maximized with the same high contrast level as the nanoprobe. Interestingly, the measurement mechanism was different depending on tip size. With the nanoprobe, the interaction with the WGMs varied depending on the sensing locations; therefore, the resonant states were modulated during the measurements, which may have induced unexpected mode hopes. The resonance state was steady during measurements using a probe tip with a diameter of half the resonance wavelength. Although the mechanisms were different, the measured electric field intensity distributions were the same for both tip diameters.
Degenerate skyrmionic states in synthetic antiferromagnets
Authors: Bhukta Mona , Singh Braj Bhusan , Mallick Sougata , Rohart Stanislas , Bedanta Subhankar
Published: May 2022

Topological magnetic textures, characterized by integer topological charge S, are potential candidates in future magnetic logic and memory devices, due to their smaller size and expected low threshold current density for their motion. An essential requirement to stabilize them is the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) which promotes a particular chirality, leading to a unique value of S in a given material. However, recently coexistence of skyrmions and antiskyrmions, with opposite topological charge, in frustrated ferromagnets has been predicted using J
1–J
2–J
3 classical Heisenberg model, which opens new perspectives, to use the topological charge as an additional degree of freedom. In this work, we propose another approach of using a synthetic antiferromagnetic system, where one of the ferromagnetic (FM) layer has isotropic and the other FM layer has anisotropic DMI to promote the existence of skyrmions and antiskyrmions, respectively. A frustrated interaction arises due to the coupling between the magnetic textures in the FM layers, which enables the stabilization and coexistence of 6 novel elliptical topological textures.
Growth of uniform Mg-doped p-AlGaN nanowires using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy technique for UV-A emitters
Authors: Sarkar Ritam , Bhunia Swagata , Jana Dipankar , Nag Dhiman , Chatterjee Soumyadip , Laha Apurba
Published: May 2022

In this manuscript, we have shown the growth and extensive structural and optical characteristic of the uniformly Mg-doped Al0.23Ga0.77N (UV-A region, λ ∼ 323 nm) nanowire. The Kelvin probe force microscopy was employed to determine the profile of holes in p-type AlGaN nanowires by measuring the work function changes induced by Mg incorporation. The influence of surface band bending on doping concentration has thoroughly been discussed. Our experiment confirms the homogeneous incorporation of Mg throughout the nanowire without any top surface Mg segregation. In this work, we have also demonstrated a comprehensive analysis of acceptor states induced thermal quenching behaviour in the optical transition of Mg-doped AlGaN nanowire. We propose a phenomenological model, based on the rate equation which confirms that achieving higher ‘hole’ (p-doping) concentration in AlGaN nanowire (>1018 cm−3) is more conducive than the planar counterpart if the growth of NWs is carried out at optimized process conditions. This rate equation-based model has also demonstrated the influence of sidewall surface passivation in those AlGaN nanowires.
Temperature dependence of nanoscale friction on topological insulator Bi2Se3 surfaces
Authors: Wang Wen , Lei Haocheng , Wang Ashu
Published: May 2022

The topological insulator Bi2Se3 is an insulator in the bulk and has unusual metallic surface states that consist of spin-polarized Dirac fermions. Although the electronic properties of topological insulators have been extensively studied, the friction characteristic that is a key factor for further applications is barely known. In this study, conductive friction force microscopy (c-FFM) in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions was used to probe the nanoscale friction on freshly cleaved Bi2Se3 planes (0001) as a function of surface temperature from 105.0 K to 300.0 K. The experimental results demonstrate a non-monotonic enhancement of dry friction, with distinct friction peaks emerging at

T

1

=
245.0
±
5

K and

T

2

=
125.0
±
5

K. While the widths of the friction peaks are nearly independent of the normal force, the relative peak height increases and the peak temperature decreases with normal load. We reveal that this anomalous friction behavior originates from the formation and rupture of multiple thermally activated sub-contacts, which is further confirmed by velocity dependence measurements. These results for multiple thermally activated sub-contact formation and rupture provide a deep insight into the frictional behaviors of Bi2Se3.
Complete analysis of beam analyzing powers in

d+γ⃗⃗n+p

at near threshold energies
Authors: Shilpashree S P
Published: May 2022

Focusing attention on the photon spin in

d
(

γ

⃗

,
n
)
p

at near threshold energies of interest to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, a complete analysis of beam analyzing powers in

d
(

γ

⃗

,
n
)
p

reaction is carried out. A complete analysis of the reaction needs not only measurements using one state of linear polarization of photon but also measurements using another state of linear polarization inclined to the first at π/4 and the two states of circular polarization of the photon. A discussion on the complete characterization of the states of photon polarization is presented. The beam analyzing powers with respect to photon polarization are discussed theoretically, using model independent irreducible tensor formalism.
Prototype hardware design and testing of the global common module for the global trigger subsystem of the ATLAS phase-II upgrade
Authors: Tang S. , Bonini F.
Published: May 2022

The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will deliver more than ten times the integrated luminosity of the previous runs combined. Meeting its stricter throughput requirements poses new challenges to the Trigger and Data Acquisition (TDAQ) systems of the LHC experiments. Introduced in the framework of the ATLAS experiment’s HL upgrade, the Global Trigger (GT) is a new subsystem which will perform offline-like algorithms on full-granularity calorimeter data. The implementation of the GT’s functionality is firmware-focused and is composed of three layers: multiplexing (or data aggregating), global event processing, and demultiplexing interface to the central trigger processor. Each layer will be composed of several, similar nodes, hosted on replicas of identical hardware, the Global Common Module (GCM), an ATCA front board which is designed to be adopted throughout the entire GT subsystem. This article proceeds from the TWEPP 2021 conference and presents the GCM hardware design, performed in 2020, and focuses on some key results of its extensive testing performed in 2021.
Quantum cohomology of symplectic flag manifolds
Authors: Guo Jirui , Zou Hao
Published: May 2022

We compute the quantum cohomology of symplectic flag manifolds. Symplectic flag manifolds can be described by non-abelian GLSMs with superpotential. Although the ring relations cannot be directly read off from the equations of motion on the Coulomb branch due to complication introduced by the non-abelian gauge symmetry, it can be shown that they can be extracted from the localization formula in a gauge-invariant form. Our result is general for all symplectic flag manifolds, which reduces to previously established results on symplectic Grassmannians and complete symplectic flag manifolds derived by other means. We also explain why a (0, 2) deformation of the GLSM does not give rise to a deformation of the quantum cohomology.
A four node quadrilateral shell element for free vibration response of functionally graded spherical shell panels
Authors: Dahele R B , Kulkarni S D , Dagade V A
Published: May 2022

The present work involves the free vibration analysis of functionally graded spherical shells using a four-node quadrilateral shell element. This four-node, shell element has seven DOF (Degrees of Freedom) per node namely; three displacements, two rotations of mid-plane, and two transverse shear strain com-ponents. The element is developed by modifying the discrete Kirchhoff quadri-lateral shell element based on Reddy’s third-order theory developed earlier by the authors for the cylindrical shell. By transforming all the degrees of freedom from local to global coordinates using a transformation matrix converts the plate bending element into a flat shell element, resulting in the present formulation being suitable to give results for thin shells as well as for thick shells. In the present work functionally graded spherical shell panels with simply supported as well as clamped boundary condition, with various radius to span ratios and with different volume fraction indices are analyzed for free vibration response. The power law property variation through the thickness is considered in this study. To assess the performance of the developed element, the results, of non-dimen-sionalised frequencies are compared with the results presented in the literature. Comparison of results shows that the developed element yields quite accurate results even with the coarser mesh, which indicates the computational efficiency. It is also seen that the percentage difference between the present results and the other results available in the literature is less than 2 in most of the cases.
The Sixth Agria Conference on Innovative Vehicle Technologies and Automation Solutions, InnoVeTAS2022
Authors: Soltész László , Pokorádi László , Gödri István
Published: May 2022

Even though the last few years were filled with all kinds of challenges for companies and universities; we are happy to host once again, the Sixth Agria Conference on Innovative Vehicle Technologies and Automation Solutions, also known as InnoVeTAS2022. This conference series was started as a subset event of the International Pneumobile competition, in order to make it more attractive to students and professors from a wide range of universities in Europe. Today, the InnoVeTAS conference has become an independent scientific forum, which is traditionally held in the middle of May. The International Pneumobile conference date has been moved to September.

This being the sixth conference in the series; our event has become one of the major technical and scientific talks in Heves County! Additionally, we are now visible on the venue of Hungarian national conferences! In cooperation with IOP Publishing, this year’s conference proceedings will also be the second time, that it will have been listed in the Scopus index, which is useful for high level researchers.

List of Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee, Editorial Committee, Invited Speakers, Organizing Institution, Sponsor are available in the pdf
Optimization of compressed air consumption in a pneumatic vehicle
Authors: Marko P , Fiebig W
Published: May 2022

The aim of the research described in the article was to optimize compressed air consumption in a pneumatic driven vehicle to achieve the maximum traveled distance and maximum acceleration over a short distance. The Pneumatic vehicle was equipped with a 10-liter tank. The vehicle drive system consists of an actuator, a reciprocating movement which is converted into rotary motion and transmitted to the road wheels. The article analyses the impact on the range and maximum speed of a pneumatic vehicle based on parameters such as gear ratio, the amount of air supplied to the actuator, opening the drain valves before the piston reaches dead center, setting on the reduction valve, size of the buffer tank, and gear shift time. After the initial analytical estimation of the actuator operating parameters, a numerical analysis of the vehicle operation of the pneumatic and drive systems of the vehicle was performed in the Simcenter Amesim program. In this program, a pneumatic system model was created together with the vehicle drive system. Finally, conclusions from the simulations are presented, showing how the pneumatic system should be built and how it should be powered to obtain the maximum range and the greatest acceleration of the vehicle.
Matrix representation of an EV’s Sensory and Control System
Authors: Nagy István
Published: May 2022

This article will be the continuation of previously published papers and journal articles. The previous developments have been finished by the suggestion of possible matrix-representation of the sensory and control block diagram system of the examined, fully electric vehicle1 (EV) [1], [2], [3], [5]. This article will show, how these block diagrams can be represented by some special matrices. The first step in the developments was the creation of the sensory and control map of the system (in this form of expression the “system” is the electrical network of the vehicle). Later, this electrical network, based on functionality, was segmented into the different subsystems, like: EV Control System, Driver Control System,…, see [2]. Hereupon the subsystems could be represented by the graph of the subsystem and, as it is well known, each graph can be represented as a matrix. The problem arose from the fact, that these subsystems are overlapped with each other. The present article will show, how these overlaps can be handled by a special matrix representation.
The impact of COVID on the digitization of Hungarian maintenance sector
Authors: Juhász L , Pokorádi L
Published: May 2022

One of the biggest recent innovation trends in the manufacturing industry is the use of Industry 4.0 tools and the introduction of various digitalization solutions. However, in 2020, the COVID19 pandemic significantly changed the way companies organize their day-to-day operations and the way they plan to innovate in their sector, in the near future. In this paper, we present the views of maintenance professionals in Hungarian automotive companies. We have compared the status of different types of enterprises. In particular, we looked at the differences in the status of these companies in terms of digitalization development. This allowed us to draw further conclusions.
An Improved Equipment for Measuring Heating Caused by Reactive Loads
Authors: Bihari János , Marada Imre
Published: May 2022

In the case of gears that also perform a support function, taking into account the effect of reactive loads is an essential element of sizing. Pulsating or continuous but variable reactive loads can cause heating similar to or greater than in case of normal operation. This heating can be such that it significantly affects both the operating clearance and the strength characteristics of the gears. The effects of reactive loads were previously measured with the help of special drive units, which proved to be a useful method. However, due to the design of the drive units, these measurements were only able to demonstrate that the effect of the reactive loads is significant for the sizing even if they are not of a magnitude causing immediate failure of the gears. Our new research aims to quantify these effects for as many applications as possible. In this article, we introduce the features of the old method and the solutions, which aim to eliminate their disadvantages.
Innovative methods and research directions in the field of logistics
Authors: Juhászné Bíró T , Németh P
Published: May 2022

By the 21st century, logistics and various supply chains had become key units in the global market and corporate structures. Industry 4.0 has brought developments and implementations to life that have drastically changed and are still changing the practices used in certain areas of logistics. Many new technologies (advanced robotics, additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, drones, Internet of Things (IoT)) have emerged in the digital world, which many companies are using to develop cyber-physical systems in order to increase efficiency, speed, accuracy and the ability to change and steer competition between companies around the world. Planning tasks at the strategic, tactical and operational levels are covered in the areas of production and logistics. The tasks presented here can be identified as extremely complex optimization problems that belong to the np-hard complexity class. These can be addressed in many cases with metaheuristics, and industry also often uses search strategies inspired by biological or physical processes. Metaheuristic algorithms simulate the behavior of a selected phenomenon in a given search area. Algorithms based on various principles can help optimize processes, such as: population-based algorithms, evolutionary methods, behavior-inspired procedures, swarm intelligence methods, etc. New technologies or metaheuristic procedures are also increasingly used in logistics due to the complexity of the tasks. This paper presents theoretical application possibilities of digital transformation, AI and IoT in the field of logistics. The paper provides a further brief overview of the problems surrounding metaheuristics, supported by examples. The article shows the impact of different Industry 4.0 technologies on logistics. There is a shortage of such comprehensive studies, so the article helps provide insight into innovative optimization opportunities in a larger area - the field of logistics. Within this one paper, the impact of new technologies on the field of logistics was collected. A brief description of these will help to identify further directions and deepen the applicability of the new methods in logistics.
Software developments for an electric motor test bench developed at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Debrecen
Authors: Ádámkó É , Szántó A , Sziki G Á
Published: May 2022

At the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Debrecen, our research group has long-term experience in the dynamic modeling and simulation of electric motors. Several simulation modules have been developed during the last few years. The input data of the developed simulation modules are the technical parameters and characteristics of the analyzed motors. The mentioned technical data from the manufacturers is either not provided or it’s incomplete, thus, it is necessary to measure it. Additionally, the accuracy of the output dynamic functions, generated by the simulation modules, has to be tested experimentally. As a consequence, it was decided by the research group to realize a Measurement System for performing both above-mentioned experimental tasks routinely, at high accuracy and at a precision level. In this paper, a brief description of the Hardware Component of the Measurement System and a full detailed one of the developed Software Component is given. The Software Component of the Measurement System is implemented in NI LabVIEW, Java SE, and VBA with an underlying MySQL database. Applying the Software Component, the measured quantities can be monitored in real-time, displayed graphically while being stored in a database for later use.
Vehicle Dynamic Development and System Analysis Project
Authors: Szakács Tamás , Frigyik András B.
Published: May 2022

The Vehicle Construction Laboratory of the Óbuda University has been funded to develop Shell EcoMaraton, Bosch GoKart, Bosch Electromobile, Emerson Pneubobile, and Formula Student Hungary project cars. Some international cooperation, based on the European Commission’s Erasmus+ program, has already taken place in the lab. In the year 2021 a mixed team of Hungarian, and international students (participants of the Stipendium Hungaricum scholarship program) started to work on a project related to Vehicle Dynamic. The scope of the project is to develop a test car, that can be driven in a conventional way or capable of autonomous operation. The short range goals are the following: to build a car, with electric driving and steering capabilities, and to work out the system scheme of sensor, controller, and actuator network, for system development, mathematical analysis, and modelling/simulation.