bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A deep ensemble model to predict miRNA-disease association
Authors: Fu Laiyi , Peng Qinke
Published: October 2017

Cumulative evidence from biological experiments has confirmed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to many types of human diseases through different biological processes. It is anticipated that precise miRNA-disease association prediction could not only help infer potential disease-related miRNA but also boost human diagnosis and disease prevention. Considering the limitations of previous computational models, a more effective computational model needs to be implemented to predict miRNA-disease associations. In this work, we first constructed a human miRNA-miRNA similarity network utilizing miRNA-miRNA functional similarity data and heterogeneous miRNA Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarities based on the assumption that similar miRNAs with similar functions tend to be associated with similar diseases, and vice versa. Then, we constructed disease-disease similarity using disease semantic information and heterogeneous disease-related interaction data. We proposed a deep ensemble model called DeepMDA that extracts high-level features from similarity information using stacked autoencoders and then predicts miRNA-disease associations by adopting a 3-layer neural network. In addition to five-fold cross-validation, we also proposed another cross-validation method to evaluate the performance of the model. The results show that the proposed model is superior to previous methods with high robustness.
Monitoring microbial responses to ocean deoxygenation in a model oxygen minimum zone
Authors: Hallam Steven J. , Torres-Beltrán Mónica , Hawley Alyse K.
Published: October 2017

Today in Scientific Data, two compendia of geochemical and multi-omic sequence information (DNA, RNA, protein) generated over almost a decade of time series monitoring in a seasonally anoxic coastal marine setting are presented to the scientific community. These data descriptors introduce a model ecosystem for the study of microbial responses to ocean deoxygenation, a phenotype that is currently expanding due to climate change. Public access to this time series information is intended to promote scientific collaborations and the generation of new hypotheses relevant to microbial ecology, biogeochemistry and global change issues.
Biomass-derived nanostructured carbons and their composites as anode materials for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Long Wenyu , Fang Baizeng , Ignaszak Anna , Wu Zhuangzhi , Wang Yan-Jie , Wilkinson David
Published: October 2017

This review focuses on the derivation of nanostructured carbons and their composite materials from biomass materials for lithium ion battery anodes.
Single-step synthesis of styryl phosphonic acids via palladium-catalyzed Heck coupling of vinyl phosphonic acid with aryl halides
Authors: McNichols Brett W. , Koubek Joshua T. , Sellinger Alan
Published: October 2017

We have developed a single step palladium-catalyzed Heck coupling of aryl halides with vinyl phosphonic acid to produce functionalized (E)-styryl phosphonic acids.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: bottlenecks and future directions
Authors: Panneerselvam Rajapandiyan , Liu Guo-Kun , Wang Yao-Hui , Liu Jun-Yang , Ding Song-Yuan , Li Jian-Feng , Wu De-Yin , Tian Zhong-Qun
Published: October 2017

This feature article discusses developmental bottleneck issues in surface Raman spectroscopy in its early stages and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in the past four decades and future perspectives.
Molecular photosensitisers for two-photon photodynamic therapy
Authors: Bolze F. , Jenni S. , Sour A. , Heitz V.
Published: October 2017

With the recent development of clinical two-photon microscopes or endoscopes, new photosensitisers for two-photon photodynamic therapy are the subject of increasing interest. Herein, we review the advances within the ten last years of molecular two-photon photosensitisers.
Mapping platinum adducts on yeast ribosomal RNA using high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Plakos Kory , DeRose Victoria J.
Published: October 2017

Methods to map small-molecule binding sites on cellular RNAs are important for understanding interactions with both endogenous and exogenous compounds. Here, ‘Pt-Seq’ is presented as a high-throughput method to identify Pt adducts on RNA resulting from cisplatin treatment.
Nanoscale infrared imaging of zeolites using photoinduced force microscopy
Authors: Fu Donglong , Park Katie , Delen Guusje , Attila Özgün , Meirer Florian , Nowak Derek , Park Sung , Schmidt Joel E. , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: October 2017

Photoinduced force microscopy (PiFM) can probe the structural and catalytic information of functional porous materials at nanometer scale resolution.
Direct photochemical activation of non-heme Fe(iv)O complexes
Authors: Chen Juan , Draksharapu Apparao , Harvey Emma , Rasheed Waqas , Que Lawrence , Browne Wesley R.
Published: October 2017

Near-UV light accelerates alcohol and aliphatic C–H oxidation by non-heme Fe(iv)O complexes.
Chemical antagonism between photodynamic agents and chemotherapeutics: mechanism and avoidance
Authors: Meng Qingshuo , Meng Jia , Ran Wei , Su Jinghan , Yang Yuguang , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Yaping
Published: October 2017

We report chemical antagonism between photodynamic agents and chemotherapeutics and provide a solution to turn antagonism into synergism.
Fluorescent cell-selective ablation using an adaptive photodynamic method
Authors: Kim Yi Rang , Kim Jun Ki , Choi Jin Woo
Published: October 2017

Intravital ablation of particular cell populations is necessary to decipher their roles under spatiotemporal conditions.
A new approach for turn-on fluorescence sensing of l-DOPA
Authors: Wang Lu , Su Dongdong , Berry Stuart N. , Lee Jungyeol , Chang Young-Tae
Published: October 2017

Resa-Sulf, designed based on a redox reaction, was applied for turn-on fluorescence sensing and quantitative detection ofl-DOPA.
Synthesis of P2C2O2 and P2CO via NHC-mediated coupling of the phosphaethynolate anion
Authors: Gilliard Robert J. , Suter Riccardo , Schrader Erik , Benkő Zoltán , Rheingold Arnold L. , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Protasiewicz John D.
Published: October 2017

The reaction of the chloroimidazolium chloride salt, [NHC-Cl][Cl], NHC = C{N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)CH}2 (1) with two equivalents of sodium phosphaethynolate, Na[OCP]·(dioxane)2.5, results in the formation of NHC-{cyclo-(CO)-P2-C(O)} (2) and NHC-P2-C(O)-NHC (3).
Asymmetric formal synthesis of (+)-cycloclavine
Authors: Chen Jin-Quan , Song Le-Le , Li Feng-Xing , Shi Zi-Fa , Cao Xiao-Ping
Published: October 2017

The asymmetric synthesis of Szántay's amine (+)-2, the pivotal precursor for direct access to (+)-cycloclavine (1), is described for the first time in eleven steps with 19.7% overall yield from the commercially available 4-bromoindole.
1D Cu@Ni nanorods anchored on 2D reduced graphene oxide with interfacial engineering to enhance microwave absorption properties
Authors: Zhao Biao , Liang Luyang , Deng Jiushuai , Bai Zhongyi , Liu Junwei , Guo Xiaoqin , Gao Ka , Guo Wenhui , Zhang Rui
Published: October 2017

In this work, one-dimensional core–shell Cu@Ni nanorods which were anchored on two dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) heterostructures were successfully prepared by a simple co-reduction method.
Deformation-induced structure evolution of poly(butylene terephthalate)/poly(carbonate) blends during uniaxial stretching
Authors: Zhang Wenyang , Li Jingqing , Shang Yingrui , Li Hongfei , Jiang Shichun , An Lijia
Published: October 2017

Phase separation occurs during deformation for all the PBT/PC samples. At large strains, microfibril slippage plays a leading role in the macroscopic strain.
Controllable seeded flux growth and optoelectronic properties of bulk o-SiP crystals
Authors: Li Chunlong , Wang Shanpeng , Zhang Xixia , Jia Ning , Yu Tongtong , Zhu Min , Liu Duo , Tao Xutang
Published: October 2017

Seeded flux growth of bulk o-SiP single crystals with a layered structure, clear photo-switching behavior and relatively fast response.
Ionization and separation as a strategy for significantly enhancing the thermal stability of an instable system: a case for hydroxylamine-based salts relative to that for pure hydroxylamine
Authors: Ma Yu , He Xudong , Meng Liya , Xue Xianggui , Zhang Chaoyang
Published: October 2017

Energetic ionic salts (EISs) are attracting extensive attention because of their ready preparation and some excellent properties and performances that are comparable to those of common explosives with neutral molecules.
Lithium borate Li3B5O8(OH)2with large second harmonic generation and a high damage threshold in the deep-ultraviolet spectral range
Authors: Reshak A. H.
Published: October 2017

The electronic structure and linear and nonlinear optical susceptibility dispersions of lithium borate Li3B5O8(OH)2are comprehensively investigated.
Effects of A-site non-stoichiometry in YxInO3+δ on the catalytic performance during methane combustion
Authors: Xiao Yihong , Zhu Wanlu , Cai Guohui , Chen Meilian , Zheng Yong , Zhong Fulan , Jiang Lilong
Published: October 2017

A novel non-stoichiometric YxInO3+δ (YIO-x, 0.8 ≤ x ≤ 1.04) perovskite catalyst with a large number of oxygen vacancies and high specific surface area was synthesized using glycine self-propagating gel combustion.
Concurrent aerogen bonding and lone pair/anion–π interactions in the stability of organoxenon derivatives: a combined CSD and ab initio study
Authors: Frontera Antonio , Bauzá Antonio
Published: October 2017

We have studied the ability of organoxenon compounds to establish concurrent aerogen bonding and lone pair/anion–π interactions. In addition, NBO and AIM analysis have been carried out to further characterize the interactions discussed herein. Some CSD examples were found, giving reliability to the theoretical results presented.
A relationship between the force curve measured by atomic force microscopy in an ionic liquid and its density distribution on a substrate
Authors: Amano Ken-ichi , Yokota Yasuyuki , Ichii Takashi , Yoshida Norio , Nishi Naoya , Katakura Seiji , Imanishi Akihito , Fukui Ken-ichi , Sakka Tetsuo
Published: October 2017

A relationship between the force curve measured in an ionic liquid and the solvation structure is studied. Applying the obtained relationship, candidates of the solvation structure are estimated from a measured force curve.
Pyridine-decorated carbon nanotubes as a metal-free heterogeneous catalyst for mild CO2 reduction to methanol with hydroboranes
Authors: Tuci G. , Rossin A. , Luconi L. , Pham-Huu C. , Cicchi S. , Ba H. , Giambastiani G.
Published: October 2017

Pyridine decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes have been employed as heterogeneous metal-free catalysts for CO2 hydroboration to methyl borinate under mild conditions. Mechanistic insights have unveiled the non-innocent role of the nanotube carrier in the catalytic performance.
Catalytic fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide by copper(ii) complexes of bidentate ligands
Authors: Muthuramalingam Sethuraman , Khamrang Themmila , Velusamy Marappan , Mayilmurugan Ramasamy
Published: October 2017

The copper(ii) complexes of simple bidentate ligands have shown selective fixation and sequestration of atmospheric CO2. The fixation of CO2 proceeds via copper(i) species and geometrical interconversions and afforded CO32− bound complexes.
The growing importance of crystalline molecular flasks and the crystalline sponge method
Authors: Gee William J.
Published: October 2017

Recent advances in crystalline molecular flasks and the crystalline sponge method are reviewed and discussed.
An unexpected journey from highly tunable phosphorescence to novel photochemistry of 1,2,3-triazole-based complexes
Authors: Scattergood Paul A. , Elliott Paul I. P.
Published: October 2017

Complexes containing the humble 1,2,3-triazole ring moiety have enabled access to highly tunable with efficient phosphorescence but have also in facilitated access to novel photoreactive excited states yielding highly unusual photochemical reactivity.
Chalcogen-atom transfer and exchange reactions of NHC-stabilized heavier silaacylium ions
Authors: Sarkar Debotra , Wendel Daniel , Ahmad Syed Usman , Szilvási Tibor , Pöthig Alexander , Inoue Shigeyoshi
Published: October 2017

Facile access to heavier silaacylium ions stabilized by two NHCs and their chalcogen transfer and exchange reactivity are reported.
A feasibility study of “range-extended” EXAFS measurement at the Pt L3-edge of Pt/Al2O3 in the presence of Au2O3
Authors: Asakura Hiroyuki , Kawamura Naomi , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Nitta Kiyofumi , Ishii Kenji , Hosokawa Saburo , Teramura Kentaro , Tanaka Tsunehiro
Published: October 2017

A feasibility study of a “range-extended” EXAFS measurement was conducted on the Pt L3-edge of Pt/Al2O3 in the presence of Au2O3.
Evaluation of approaches to the abatement of nitrate interference with photochemical vapor generation
Authors: Lopes Gisele S. , Sturgeon Ralph E. , Grinberg Patricia , Pagliano Enea
Published: October 2017

Quantitative photochemical destruction of nitrate in an alkaline hydrazine medium followed by removal of nitrite with sulfamic acid in an acidic medium permits interference-free photochemical vapor generation of dimethylselenide from dilute acetic acid.
Development of a microfluidic platform integrating high-resolution microstructured biomaterials to study cell–material interactions
Authors: Barata D. , Provaggi E. , van Blitterswijk C. , Habibovic P.
Published: October 2017

Microfluidic screening platforms offer new possibilities for performingin vitrocell-based assays with higher throughput and in a setting that has the potential to closely mimic the physiological microenvironment.
Redox speciation of uranyl in citrate medium: kinetics and reduction mechanism within situspectroelectrochemical investigation
Authors: Srivastava Ashutosh , Satpati Ashis K. , Singh Ritu , Kumar Pranaw , Kumar Sumit , Tomar Bhupendra S.
Published: October 2017

Electrochemical methodology to investigate the redox speciation of uranyl–citrate complexes.
Flux improvement, rejection, surface energy and antibacterial properties of synthesized TiO2-Mo.HNTs/PVC nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes
Authors: Mishra Gourav , Mukhopadhyay Mausumi
Published: October 2017

The present work demonstrates the preparation of modified halloysite loaded with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and its use as a nanofiller in a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) hybrid ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for advanced water treatment.
Fluorescent carbon quantum dots chemosensor for selective turn-on sensing of Zn2+ and turn-off sensing of Pb2+ in aqueous medium and zebrafish eggs
Authors: Vinod Kumar Vadivel , Raman Thiagarajan , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip
Published: October 2017

Synthesized fluorescent carbon quantum dots exhibited selective turn-on sensing of Zn2+ and turn-off sensing of Pb2+ ions in aqueous media and zebrafish eggs.
A highly efficient and stable green-emitting mesoporous silica (MP)–(Cs0.4Rb0.6)PbBr3 perovskite composite for application in optoelectronic devices
Authors: Song Young Hyun , Choi Seung Hee , Park Won Kyu , Yoo Jin Sun , Kang Bong Kyun , Kwon Seok Bin , Jung Hyun Suk , Yang Woo Seok , Yoon Dae Ho
Published: October 2017

Mesoporous silica efficiently improved the stability of green-emitting (Cs0.4Rb0.6)PbBr3. A down-conversion white LED was characterized.
Preparation of three-dimensional compressible MnO2@carbon nanotube sponges with enhanced supercapacitor performance
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhou Xiaoming , Liu Rong , Li Xiaolong , Bai Yang , Yuan Guohui
Published: October 2017

Fabrication of highly durable and compressible electrode materials for supercapacitors has been vital to promote the use of elastic electronics and deformation-tolerant devices.
Efficiency enhancement in inverted planar perovskite solar cells by synergetic effect of sulfated graphene oxide (sGO) and PEDOT:PSS as hole transporting layer
Authors: Guo Heng , Huang Xu , Pu Bingxue , Yang Jian , Chen Haiyuan , Zhou Yajun , Yang Jin , Li Yulan , Wang Zhiming , Niu Xiaobin
Published: October 2017

We report a simple solution route for preparing a sGO-PEDOT composite HTL by combining solution-processable sGO with commercialized PEDOT:PSS solution. The PSCs based on these sGO-PEDOT composite HTLs were systematically investigated.
Multi-modulation for self-assemblies of amphiphilic rigid–soft compounds through alteration of solution polarity and temperature
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Poon Chun-Ting , Hong Eugene Yau-Hin , Wong Hok-Lai , Chan Alan Kwun-Wa , Wu Lixin , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah
Published: October 2017

A new class of small molecule-based amphiphilic carbazole-containing compounds with LCST behavior has been designed and synthesized.
Mechano-responsive lateral buckling of miniaturized beams standing on flexible substrates
Authors: Lee Hyemin , Bae Jung Gun , Lee Won Bo , Yoon Hyunsik
Published: October 2017

We fabricate an elastomeric beam standing on a flexible substrate using 3D printing and soft lithography and investigate lateral buckling generated in the part of the wall when this beam is under pure bending.
Dynamic covalent bonding-triggered supramolecular gelation derived from tetrahydroxy-bisurea derivatives
Authors: Wang Suansuan , Liu Kaiqiang , Gao Sheng , Wang Jinqiang , Marella Ravi Kumar , Fang Yu
Published: October 2017

Dynamic covalent bonding can trigger supramolecular gelation and the gel–Au composites can detect Hg2+ ions.
Hierarchical flowerlike metal/metal oxide nanostructures derived from layered double hydroxides for catalysis and gas sensing
Authors: Wang Xiao , Cao Ruya , Zhang Shouwei , Hou Peiyu , Han Ruxia , Shao Minghui , Xu Xijin
Published: October 2017

Peony-like Co/Al2O3 and Co3O4/Al2O3 composites were fabricated using CoAl–LDHs as self-sacrificial templates and exhibited remarkable catalytic reduction and gas sensing abilities.
Recent advances in heterocycle-based metal-free calamitics
Authors: Ghosh Tapas , Lehmann Matthias
Published: October 2017

The role of heterocycle-based calamitic liquid crystals has been investigated as potential candidates for photo-physical and opto-electronic applications.
Design of negative electrorheological materials inspired by electrophoretic separation of biomolecules
Authors: Do Taegu , Ko Young Gun , Jung Youngkyun , Chun Youngsang , Choi Ung Su
Published: October 2017

Inspired by electrophoresis separation techniques of biomolecules, we have developed the methods for the preparation of negative and positive electrorheological materials.
Dust temperature and mid-to-total infrared color distributions for star-forming galaxies at 0 < z < 4
Authors: Schreiber C. , Elbaz D. , Pannella M. , Ciesla L. , Wang T. , Franco M.
Published: October 2017

We present a new, publicly available library of dust spectral energy distributions (SEDs). These SEDs are characterized by only three parameters: the dust mass (Mdust), the dust temperature (Tdust), and the mid-to-total infrared color (IR8 ≡ LIR/L8). The latter measures the relative contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules to the total infrared luminosity. We used this library to model star-forming galaxies at 0.5 < z < 4 in the deep CANDELS fields, using both individual detections and stacks of Herschel and ALMA imaging, and extending this sample to z = 0 using the Herschel Reference Survey. At first order, the dust SED of a galaxy was observed to be independent of stellar mass, but evolving with redshift. We found trends of increasing Tdust and IR8 with redshift and distance from the SFR–M∗ main sequence, and quantified for the first time their intrinsic scatter. Half of the observed variations of these parameters was captured by the above empirical relations, and after subtracting the measurement errors we found residual scatters of ΔTdust/Tdust = 12% and Δlog IR8 = 0.18 dex. We observed second order variations with stellar mass: massive galaxies (M∗ > 1011M⊙) at z ≤ 1 have slightly lower temperatures indicative of a reduced star formation efficiency, while low mass galaxies (M∗ < 1010M⊙) at z ≥ 1 showed reduced PAH emission, possibly linked to their lower metallicities. Building on these results, we constructed high-fidelity mock galaxy catalogs to predict the accuracy of infrared luminosities and dust masses determined using a single broadband measurement. Using a single James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) MIRI band, we found that LIR is typically uncertain by 0.15 dex, with a maximum of 0.25 dex when probing the rest-frame 8 μm, and this is not significantly impacted by typical redshift uncertainties. On the other hand, we found that ALMA bands 8 to 7 and 6 to 3 measured the dust mass at better than 0.2 and 0.15 dex, respectively, and independently of redshift, while bands 9 to 6 only measured LIR at better than 0.2 dex at z > 1, 3.2, 3.8, and 5.7, respectively. Starburst galaxies had their LIR significantly underestimated when measured by a single JWST or ALMA band, while their dust mass from a single ALMA band were moderately overestimated. This dust library and the results of this paper can be used immediately to improve the design of observing proposals, and interpret more accurately the large amount of archival data from Spitzer, Herschel and ALMA.
Control of the geomorphology and gas hydrate extent on widespread gas emissions offshore Romania
Authors: Riboulot Vincent , Cattaneo Antonio , Scalabrin Carla , Gaillot Arnaud , Jouet Gwénaël , Ballas Grégory , Marsset Tania , Garziglia Sébastien , Ker Stephan
Published: October 2017

The Romanian sector of the Black Sea deserves attention because the Danube deep-sea fan is one of the largest sediment depositional systems worldwide and is considered the world's most isolated sea, the largest anoxic water body on the planet and a unique energy-rich sea. Due to the high sediment accumulation rate, presence of organic matter and anoxic conditions, the Black sea sediments offshore the Danube delta is rich in gas and thus shows Bottom Simulating Reflectors (BSR). The cartography of the BSR over the last 20 years, exhibits its widespread occurrence, indicative of extensive development of hydrate accumulations and a huge gas hydrate potential. By combining old and new datasets acquired in 2015 during the GHASS expedition, we performed a geomorphological analysis of the continental slope north-east of the Danube canyon compared with the spatial distribution of gas seeps in the water column and the predicted extent of the gas hydrate stability zone. This analysis provides new evidence of the role of geomorphological setting and gas hydrate extent in controlling the location of the observed gas expulsions and gas flares in the water column. Gas flares are today considered an important source of the carbon budget of the oceans and, potentially, of the atmosphere.
Morphological Associations between the Distal Radioulnar Joint and the Lunate
Authors: Beaulieu Jean-Yves , Mauler Flavien
Published: October 2017

Background Variations in morphology of the carpal bones have been described. Their implication in wrist disease and specific kinematic features has been recognized, and a better knowledge of these variations is essential.

Questions/Purpose To radiographically determine any association between the morphological variations of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and the lunate bone.

Materials and Methods Radiographs of 100 wrists of patients presenting to the emergency department with wrist pain and referred to our outpatient clinic were retrospectively reviewed for DRUJ inclination, ulnar variance, and radiocarpal and midcarpal morphology of the lunate.

Results There were 51 females and 49 males, mean age 51.2 years (range: 21–94). There was a statistically significant association between the DRUJ inclination and the morphology of the radiocarpal side of the lunate (p < 0.001). The mean values of ulnar variance changed according to DRUJ inclination and the radiocarpal side of the lunate (p < 0.001) but not according to the midcarpal side of the lunate. There was no significant association between the morphology of the DRUJ and the midcarpal side of the lunate or between the midcarpal and the radiocarpal morphology of the lunate.

Conclusion This study demonstrated a statistically significant association at the radiocarpal level between the DRUJ inclination, ulnar variance, and the morphology of the lunate. No association was found with the morphology of the midcarpal side of the lunate. Accordingly, a classification of these carpal associations is proposed, highlighting seven main wrist configurations.

Clinical Relevance These associations can guide future studies of wrist kinematics.
Radial Nerve Palsy following Endovascular Embolization of an Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Alluri Ram , Mahajan Anuj , Ghiassi Alidad , Vakhshori Venus
Published: October 2017

Background Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are commonly treated using endovascular techniques. Previous nerve palsies after embolization have been reported as isolated case reports, none of which affected the forearm.

Case Description A case of acute, transient neuropathy of the radial nerve following embolization of a forearm AVM is described. The patient, an otherwise healthy 27-year-old man, began having symptoms of superficial radial nerve (SRN) and posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) palsies immediately following endovascular embolization. He underwent decompression of the radial nerve within 5 days and was found to have direct compression of the PIN and SRN. The patient recovered completely at the time of his 7-month follow-up.

Literature Review Few cases of nerve palsy after endovascular embolization have been reported in the literature. Many are intracranial, but rare instances of peripheral nerve palsy have been reported, including two sciatic nerve and four digital nerve palsies after endovascular embolization. No cases of peripheral nerve palsy in the forearm have been reported.

Clinical Relevance We recommend careful consideration of surrounding neural elements at risk for palsy prior to endovascular embolization and detailed discussion with the patient during the informed consent process.
Subjektive und objektive Langzeitanalyse nach Mammareduktionsplastik in 159 Fällen: Patientinnen urteilen anders als
Plastische Chirurgen
Authors: Osinga Rik , Babst Doris , Bodmer Elvira , Link Bjoern , Fritsche Elmar , Hug Urs
Published: October 2017

Hintergrund Hauptziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war einerseits die Erhebung subjektiver und objektiver postoperativer Parameter nach
Mammareduktionsplastik und andererseits der Vergleich derselben zwischen Patientinnen und Plastischen Chirurgen.

Patientinnen und Methode Es konnten 259 Patientinnen in die retrospektive Fallserie eingeschlossen und 159 Patientinnen (61 %) nach
einem durchschnittlichen Beobachtungszeitraum von 6.7 ± 2.7 (2 – 13) Jahren nachkontrolliert werden. Das mittlere Alter zum Zeitpunkt der
Operation betrug 37 ± 14 (15 – 74) Jahre. Die postoperative Anatomie der Brust sowie weitere anthropometrische Parameter wurden bei
stehender Patientin in cm gemessen und die visuellen Analogskala-Werte für Symmetrie, Grösse, Form, Narbenverlauf und Gesamtzufriedenheit
zwischen Patientinnen und vier Plastischen Chirurgen verglichen.

Ergebnisse Die subjektiven Beurteilungen durch die Patientinnen waren stets besser als diejenigen der Chirurgen. Gute subjektive
Bewertungen der Patientinnen für Form, Symmetrie und Sensibilität korrelierten mit einer guten Bewertung der Gesamtzufriedenheit. Dabei
hatte die Form den stärksten Einfluss auf die Gesamtzufriedenheit (Regressionskoeffizient 0.357; p < 0.001) gefolgt von Symmetrie
(Regressionskoeffizient 0.239; p < 0.001) und Sensibilität (Regressionskoeffizient 0.109; p = 0.040). Gute subjektive Bewertungen der
Patientinnen für Symmetrie waren mit abnehmender Seitendifferenz des Jugulum-Mamillenabstandes (Regressionskoeffizient –0.773; p = 0.002)
und abnehmender Seitendifferenz des Mammaunterrand – Bodenabstandes (Regressionskoeffizient –0.465; p = 0.035) korreliert. Es fand sich
keine signifikante Korrelation von Alter, Gewicht, Grösse, BMI, Resektionsgewicht, postoperativer Brustgrösse oder Narbenverlauf mit
Gesamtzufriedenheit.

Schlussfolgerung Patientinnen beurteilten das Langzeitresultat nach Mammareduktionsplastik signifikant besser als plastische
Chirurgen. Gute subjektive Bewertungen der Patientinnen für Form, Symmetrie und Sensibilität der Brust korrelierten mit einer guten
Bewertung der Gesamtzufriedenheit. Dabei hatte die Form den stärksten Einfluss, gefolgt von Symmetrie und Sensibilität. Die postoperative
Brustgrösse, das Resektionsgewicht, der Narbenverlauf, das Alter und der BMI der Patientin hingegen zeigten keinen signifikanten Einfluss.
Symmetrie war der einzige gemessene subjektive Parameter dieser Studie, welcher durch postoperative Messungen objektiviert werden
konnte.
Zerebrale und spinale Bildgebung der Multiplen Sklerose: ein Update
Authors: Wattjes Mike , Raab Peter
Published: October 2017

Die Magnetresonanztomografie spielt in der Diagnostik der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) eine entscheidende Rolle und wurde deshalb innerhalb der MS-Diagnosekriterien verankert. Insbesondere für den Ausschluss wichtiger Differenzialdiagnosen werden immer neue MRT-Marker etabliert, wie beispielsweise das sogenannte „central vein sign“. Neben der Diagnostik hat die MRT in der MS-Verlaufsbeobachtung, und hierbei insbesondere bei der Pharmakovigilanz, eine zunehmende klinische Relevanz erlangt. Dies beinhaltet nicht nur die Erfassung der Behandlungseffektivität, sondern auch die Prädiktion des Behandlungserfolges und das Sicherheitsmonitoring. Quantitative MRT-Methoden sowie der Einsatz der (Ultra-)Hochfeld-MRT bieten uns in zunehmendem Maße die Möglichkeit, die MS-Pathologie insbesondere in auf dem konventionellen MRT-Bild normal erscheinendem Gewebe zu erfassen und zu quantifizieren. Dennoch wird die Standardisierung dieser Techniken für die MS-Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeobachtung zu den großen Herausforderungen in der Zukunft zählen, um damit diese vielversprechenden Methoden in die klinische Routine zu implementieren und zu etablieren.
Prävention von postoperativen Wundinfektionen – mit Fokus auf die Gefäßchirurgie
Authors: Bischoff Peter , Gastmeier Petra
Published: October 2017

Einleitung Postoperative Wundinfektionen rangieren, je nach epidemiologischer Auswertung, zwischen den weltweit am häufigsten bzw. zweithäufigsten vorkommenden nosokomialen Infektionen. Erleidet ein Patient eine postoperative Wundinfektion, stellt dies für ihn, je nach Schwere, ein ernstzunehmendes Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsrisiko dar. Die negativen Auswirkungen beschränken sich nicht nur auf den einzelnen Patienten, auch für die Angehörigen, das Krankenhaus und für das gesamte Gesundheitssystem bedeutet dies eine enorme Belastung. In der Gefäßchirurgie machen grampositive Hautkeime fast die Hälfte aller Infektionen aus, bei denen ein Erreger nachgewiesen werden konnte. Staphylococcus aureus allein ist mit einem Drittel dieser Infektionen assoziiert.

Präventionsmaßnahmen Neben generellen Maßnahmen zur Prävention von postoperativen Wundinfektionen lassen sich weitere, besonders für die Gefäßchirurgie relevante Interventionen ins Feld führen. Die im November 2016 veröffentlichte WHO Guideline zur Prävention von postoperativen Wundinfektionen ist die erste international gültige Leitlinie auf diesem Gebiet. Den Empfehlungen liegen ein systematischer Review und eine transparente und rigorose Beurteilung der Studienlage zugrunde. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet den Stellenwert der Leitlinie und stellt prä-, intra-, und postoperative Maßnahmen mit einem speziellen Fokus auf die Studienlage in der Gefäßchirurgie vor.

Schlussfolgerung Es stehen eine Reihe von evidenzbasierten Maßnahmen zur Verfügung, die das Risiko für den chirurgischen Patienten, eine operationsassoziierte Wundinfektion zu erleiden, nachweislich senken können. Auf dem Gebiet der Gefäßchirurgie sollte ein besonderes Augenmerk auf jene Maßnahmen gelegt werden, die auf die Reduzierung der patienteneigenen Haut- und Schleimhautflora (Nase/Rachen) abzielen. Dazu gehören das präoperative Duschen/Waschen mit Seife, die Dekolonisation von nasalen Staphylococcus-aureus-Trägern mit Mupirocin und die chirurgische Hautantiseptik mit einem alkoholischen Kombinationspräparat. Chirurgen sollten in enger Zusammenarbeit mit Kollegen anderer Disziplinen sowie der Krankenhaushygiene und dem Krankenhausmanagement entsprechende Maßnahmen unter Berücksichtigung der lokalen Bedürfnisse und Besonderheiten Schritt für Schritt in die Praxis integrieren.
Numerical model of thermo-mechanical coupling for the tensile failure process of brittle materials
Authors: Fu Yu , Wang Zhe , Ren Fengyu , Wang Daguo
Published: October 2017

A numerical model of thermal cracking with a thermo-mechanical coupling effect was established. The theory of tensile failure and heat conduction is used to study the tensile failure process of brittle materials, such as rock and concrete under high temperature environment. The validity of the model is verified by thick-wall cylinders with analytical solutions. The failure modes of brittle materials under thermal stresses caused by temperature gradient and different thermal expansion coefficient were studied by using a thick-wall cylinder model and an embedded particle model, respectively. In the thick-wall cylinder model, different forms of cracks induced by temperature gradient were obtained under different temperature boundary conditions. In the embedded particle model, radial cracks were produced in the medium part with lower tensile strength when temperature increased because of the different thermal expansion coefficient. Model results are in good agreement with the experimental results, thereby providing a new finite element method for analyzing the thermal damage process and mechanism of brittle materials.
An apparatus for quantitative high-harmonic generation spectroscopy in molecular vapours
Authors: McGrath Felicity , Johnson Allan S. , Austin Dane R. , Hawkins Peter , Wood David , Miseikis Lukas , Simpson Emma R. , Castillejo Marta , Torres Ricardo , Parker Susan , Siegel Thomas , Marangos Jon P.
Published: October 2017

We present an apparatus for performing gas phase high-harmonic generation spectroscopy of molecules primarily found in the liquid phase. Liquid molecular samples are heated in a temperature controlled bath and their vapour is used to back a continuous flow gas jet, with vapour pressures of over 1 bar possible. In order to demonstrate the system, we perform high harmonic spectroscopy experiments in benzene with a 1.8 μm driving field. Using the unique capabilities of the system, we obtain spectra that are nearly free from the effects of longitudinal phase-matching, amenable to comparison with advanced numerical modelling.
Dynamics of direct X-ray detection processes in high-Z Bi2O3 nanoparticles-loaded PFO polymer-based diodes
Authors: Ciavatti A. , Cramer T. , Carroli M. , Basiricò L. , Fuhrer R. , De Leeuw D. M. , Fraboni B.
Published: October 2017

Semiconducting polymer based X-ray detectors doped with high-Z nanoparticles hold the promise to combine mechanical flexibility and large-area processing with a high X-ray stopping power and sensitivity. Currently, a lack of understanding of how nanoparticle doping impacts the detector dynamics impedes the optimization of such detectors. Here, we study direct X-ray radiation detectors based on the semiconducting polymer poly(9,9-dioctyfluorene) blended with Bismuth(III)oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles (NPs). Pure polymer diodes show a high mobility of 1.3 × 10−5 cm2/V s, a low leakage current of 200 nA/cm2 at −80 V, and a high rectifying factor up to 3 × 105 that allow us to compare the X-ray response of a polymer detector in charge-injection conditions (forward bias) and in charge-collection conditions (reverse bias), together with the impact of NP-loading in the two operation regimes. When operated in reverse bias, the detectors reach the state of the art sensitivity of 24 μC/Gy cm2, providing a fast photoresponse. In forward operation, a slower detection dynamics but improved sensitivity (up to 450 ± 150 nC/Gy) due to conductive gain is observed. High-Z NP doping increases the X-ray absorption, but higher NP loadings lead to a strong reduction of charge-carrier injection and transport due to a strong impact on the semiconductor morphology. Finally, the time response of optimized detectors showed a cut-off frequency up to 200 Hz. Taking advantage of such a fast dynamic response, we demonstrate an X-ray based velocity tracking system.
Radiative detached divertor with acceptable separatrix Zeff
Authors: Pigarov A. Yu.
Published: October 2017

The feasibility study is performed for the radiative detached divertor (RDD) concept, which characterizes a variety of detached plasmas with impurity amounts providing the highest levels of divertor radiation without X-point MARFE (XPM), based on a set of restrictive criteria for the leading plasma parameters (LPPs) including, e.g., tolerable peak power loads below 1 MW/m2, low separatrix densities, allowable impurity concentrations, and acceptable Zeff values for a DIII-D like tokamak. For this, extensive simulations with the 2-D edge plasma transport code were done scanning the deuterium and impurity inventories practically for all impurity elements from beryllium to neon and the analysis of LPP variations in these scans is presented. It is shown that, for a given D inventory, the total radiation fraction with an increase in the impurity inventory reaches a flat top level, frad = 0.85 ± 0.01, whereas the higher frad corresponds to XPM. This critical fraction is the same for all elements and values of the D inventory. Successful RDD solutions with a flat top radiation meeting all ad hoc LPP criteria are found for some elements. Boron and nitrogen are shown to be the most promising elements for seeding, since they are capable of providing alone the successful RDD at the lowest concentrations. Several important effects on impurity radiation are considered including: cross-field impurity transport in regions with strong temperature gradients, multi-species thermal force, charge-exchange of impurity ions with D atoms originating from recombination, impurity entrainment by parallel flows, flows caused by inner/outer divertor asymmetries, and Mach ∼ 1 flows reached inside radiation-ionization fronts. The impurity radiation profiles of various elements are analyzed suggesting three patterns differing in the radiation front position with respect to the D ionization source. The modeled relocation of D from the pedestal into divertor regions; an enhanced pedestal enrichment for impurities with high first ionization potential; and RDD capability of confining inside the divertors the large D inventories as neutral atoms, are considered as effects of increasing impurity inventory. The responses of a flat-top RDD to the input parameters variation are studied. For instance, dependencies of LPPs on the input power increase, which express the sharp and even bifurcation transitions between two distinct branches corresponding to the detached and attached divertors, are discussed.
On the proof of the thin sandwich conjecture in arbitrary dimensions
Authors: Avalos R. , Dahia F. , Romero C. , Lira J. H.
Published: October 2017

In this paper we show the validity, under certain geometric conditions, of Wheeler’s thin sandwich conjecture for higher dimensional theories of gravity. We extend the results for the 3-dimensional case in Phys. Rev. D 48, 3596–3599 (1993) in two ways. On the one hand, we show that the results presented in Phys. Rev. D 48, 3596–3599 (1993) are valid in arbitrary dimensions, and on the other hand, we show that the geometric hypotheses needed for the proofs can always be satisfied, which constitutes in itself a new result for the 3-dimensional case. In this way, we show that on any compact n-dimensional manifold, n≥3, there is an open set in the space of all possible initial data where the thin sandwich problem is well-posed.
Virial coefficients, equation of state, and demixing of binary asymmetric nonadditive hard-disk mixtures
Authors: Fiumara Giacomo , Saija Franz , Pellicane Giuseppe , López de Haro Mariano , Santos Andrés , Yuste Santos B.
Published: October 2017

Values of the fifth virial coefficient, compressibility factors, and fluid-fluid coexistence curves of binary asymmetric nonadditive mixtures of hard disks are reported. The former correspond to a wide range of size ratios and positive nonadditivities and have been obtained through a standard Monte Carlo method for the computation of the corresponding cluster integrals. The compressibility factors as functions of density, derived from canonical Monte Carlo simulations, have been obtained for two values of the size ratio (q = 0.4 and q = 0.5), a value of the nonadditivity parameter (Δ = 0.3), and five values of the mole fraction of the species with the biggest diameter (x1 = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9). Some points of the coexistence line relative to the fluid-fluid phase transition for the same values of the size ratios and nonadditivity parameter have been obtained from Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. A comparison is made between the numerical results and those that follow from some theoretical equations of state.
Charge transport mechanism in p-type copper ion containing triazine thiolate metallopolymer thin film devices
Authors: K Deepak , Roy Amit , Anjaneyulu P. , Kandaiah Sakthivel , Pinjare Sampatrao L.
Published: October 2017

The charge transport mechanism in copper ions containing 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-trithiolate (CuTCA) based polymer device in sandwich (Ag/CuTCA/Cu) geometry is studied. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the metallopolymer CuTCA device have shown a transition in the charge transport mechanism from Ohmic to Space-charge limited conduction when temperature and voltage are varied. The carriers in CuTCA devices exhibit hopping transport, in which carriers hop from one site to the other. The hole mobility in this polymer device is found to be dependent on electric field E (μpαE) and temperature, which suggests that the polymer has inherent disorder. The electric-field coefficient γ and zero-field mobility μ0 are temperature dependent. The values of mobility and activation energies are estimated from temperature (90–140 K) dependent charge transport studies and found to be in the range of 1 × 10−11–8 × 10−12 m2/(V s) and 16.5 meV, respectively. Temperature dependent electric-field coefficient γ is in the order of 17.8 × 10−4 (m/V)1/2, and the value of zero-field mobility μ0 is in the order of 1.2 × 10−11 m2/(V s) at 140 K. A constant phase element (Q) is used to model the device parameters, which are extracted using the Impedance spectroscopy technique. The bandgap of the polymer is estimated to be 2.6 eV from UV-Vis reflectance spectra.
Ion trapping on silica nanoparticles: Effect on the ζ-potential
Authors: Batalioto F. , Figueiredo Neto A. M. , Barbero G.
Published: October 2017

We propose a model to interpret the concentration dependence of the ζ-potential of a suspension of silica nanoparticles of spherical shape in an electrolytic solution. The model is based on the numerical solution of Poisson-Boltzmann equation, in spherical geometry, taking into account the ionic adsorption from the nanoparticles. The kinetic equation used for the description is a generalization of the Langmuir's isotherm, modified to take into account the saturation of the adsorption phenomenon. A good agreement between the theoretical model and the experimental data is found. The model allows the determination of adsorption/desorption parameters of the nanoparticles.
Sensing flexural motion of a photonic crystal membrane with InGaAs quantum dots
Authors: Carter S. G. , Bracker A. S. , Yakes M. K. , Zalalutdinov M. K. , Kim M. , Kim C. S. , Czarnocki C. , Scheibner M. , Gammon D.
Published: October 2017

Optical coupling between quantum dots and photonic crystal cavities and waveguides has been studied for many years in order to explore interesting physics and to advance quantum technologies. Here, we demonstrate strain-based coupling between mechanical motion of a photonic crystal membrane and embedded single InGaAs quantum dots. The response to high frequency mechanical vibration is measured for a series of quantum dots along the length of a photonic crystal waveguide for several flexural modes by optically driving the membrane while measuring high resolution time-resolved photoluminescence. The position-dependent response is similar to the measured and calculated displacement profile of the membrane but falls off less rapidly at higher frequencies. These results indicate potential for nanoscale strain sensing with high bandwidth and sensitivity.
Surface currents associated with external kink modes in tokamak plasmas during a major disruption
Authors: Ng C. S. , Bhattacharjee A.
Published: October 2017

The surface current on the plasma-vacuum interface during a disruption event involving kink instability can play an important role in driving current into the vacuum vessel. However, there have been disagreements over the nature or even the sign of the surface current in recent theoretical calculations based on idealized step-function background plasma profiles. We revisit such calculations by replacing step-function profiles with more realistic profiles characterized by a strong but finite gradient along the radial direction. It is shown that the resulting surface current is no longer a delta-function current density, but a finite and smooth current density profile with an internal structure, concentrated within the region with a strong plasma pressure gradient. Moreover, this current density profile has peaks of both signs, unlike the delta-function case with a sign opposite to, or the same as the plasma current. We show analytically and numerically that such current density can be separated into two parts, with one of them, called the convective current density, describing the transport of the background plasma density by the displacement, and the other part that remains, called the residual current density. It is argued that consideration of both types of current density is important and can resolve past controversies.
Planar non-Newtonian confined laminar impinging jets: Hysteresis, linear stability, and periodic flow
Authors: Chatterjee Ajay , Fabris Drazen
Published: October 2017

This paper considers the linear stability of confined planar impinging jet flow of a non-Newtonian inelastic fluid. The rheology is shear rate dependent with asymptotic Newtonian behavior in the zero shear limit, and the analysis examines both shear thinning and shear thickening behavior. The planar configuration is such that the width of the inlet nozzle is smaller than the distance from the jet exit to the impinging surface, giving an aspect ratio e = 8 for which two-dimensional time dependent flow is readily manifest. For values of the power-law index n in the range 0.4≤n≤1.1, the bi-global linear stability of the laminar flow is analyzed for Newtonian Reynolds numbers Re ≲200. The calculations show that for certain values of n, including the Newtonian value n = 1, the steady flow exhibits multiplicity leading to hysteresis in the primary separation vortex reattachment point and a consequent jump in stability behavior. Even in the absence of hysteresis, relatively small changes in viscosity significantly affect stability characteristics. For Newtonian and mildly shear thinning or shear thickening fluids, an unstable flow shows a decaying perturbation growth rate as Re is increased, and for certain values of n, the flow may be restabilized at a larger Re before eventually becoming unstable again. This decay in the growth rate of the critical antisymmetric mode may be correlated as a function of the reattachment point RP of the primary separation vortex in the underlying steady flow. Representative results are analyzed in detail and discussed in the context of some experimental observations of time-dependent Newtonian impinging flow. The stability results are used to construct the neutral stability curve (n, Re) that displays multiplicity and contains several cusp points associated with flow restabilization and hysteresis. Integration of the full nonlinear equation reveals the structure of the time periodic flow field for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids at Reynolds numbers well beyond the instability threshold.