bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La pedagogía crítica en la transformación del entramado educativo
Authors: Leal Pérez Evelyn de Valle
Published: May 2023

El acercamiento a la pedagogía crítica transformadora adquiere notabilidad en el entramado educativo, en las relaciones de aprendizaje, porque se direcciona hacia un cambio curricular, con características autogestivas que provoquen innovaciones constantes en las instituciones educativas; es decir, con pertinencia en el aula. Para lograr tal propósito se requiere de un docente dispuesto a favorecer las habilidades cognitivas en un ambiente de libertad, capaz de transformar al estudiante en un ser autónomo, auto relacionado y responsable tanto de su aprendizaje como de su autodesarrollo social. En este sentido, se considera oportuno evidenciar los avances de una tesis doctoral con el propósito generar una aproximación teórica desde la pedagogía crítica transformadora del entramado educativo en las relaciones de aprendizaje. De allí, que el desarrollo investigativo se asumió desde el paradigma socio crítico, enmarcado en enfoque fenomenológico-hermenéutico. Así, se seleccionó del contexto tres (3) docentes, involucrados por su experiencia, vivencia, conocimiento y aportes significativos, también se realizará la categorización, contrastación y triangulación concibiendo la construcción de la experiencia vivida en la vida escolar, y la acción del docente con los demás miembros del proceso educativo, enfatizando a través de la pedagogía crítica el currículo se construirá permanente y continuamente, porque se sustenta en la premisa de aprender haciendo en colectivo.
La sistematización en la dialéctica educativa
Authors: Hernandez Perez Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2023

La sistematización en el contexto educativo ofrece la posibilidad de reflexionar con actitud crítica y autocrítica con rigor metodológico. A partir de ello, se plantea la realización de una tesis doctoral con el propósito de generar reflexiones epistémicas de formación docente en la sistematización de las experiencias educativas. Mirada desde la perspectiva crítica, apoyada en el método fenomenológico y hermenéutico, empleando procedimientos metodológicos en los cuales se aplican técnicas para acopiar información como la entrevista, grupos de discusión y observación a tres informantes con quinto nivel académico a través de un guion de entrevista y una guía de observación. Además, la información es analizada por medio de la triangulación, permitiendo una categorización, estructuración y teorización, la cual hace posible un proceso de sistematización de la aproximación teórica. Sin embargo, para efectos del presente artículo se direcciona su elaboración hacia la comprensión de la visión epistemológica del proceso de sistematización en la dialéctica educativa, haciendo importante la reflexión sobre las prácticas educativas como fuente de producción de conocimientos, tomando en cuenta la dimensión axiológica a través de valores éticos, socioculturales y políticos en situaciones concretas. Se destaca en los hallazgos, la necesidad de introducir cambios de actitud en la manera de generar, difundir y socializar los saberes de manera que los actores educativos tomen conciencia de lo que saben y los aprendizajes adquiridos en la práctica, porque en ésta se enfrentan problemas que van a ser solucionados a través de la intervención.
La transmetodologia. Una opción que tributa al enfoque integrador transcomplejo
Authors: Murillo Ruiz Cerbeleón
Published: May 2023

La investigación en las ciencias sociales y humanas, en lo que ha transcurrido del presente siglo, ha mostrado la necesidad de una nueva episteme que permita asumirla con una nueva cosmovisión en la que se integren saberes y culturas; y se reconozca la existencia de realidades múltiples. De allí surge lo que se ha denominado como transmetodología, la cual articula diversas técnicas y métodos en forma coherente con la posición teórica del investigador para la producción de conocimiento científico de forma innovadora. Ello exige una práctica de interrelaciones en la cual entran en combinación una visión epistémica amplia, organizada y profunda con reflexiones y experimentaciones audaces, donde además intervienen lógicas múltiples de comprensión de la realidad sociocultural. Se concluye que pensar en el abordaje de la problemática de una investigación que se desarrolla desde la propuesta transmetodológica, implica la integración de tres dimensiones fundamentales que son: la contextualización del problema, con el fin de ubicarlo en el contexto desde el cual se aborda; la investigación empírica en tanto recurso metodológico y la práctica teórica como medio de trabajo.
Lo andragógico y autopoiético en el modelo educativo en la universidad del siglo XX
Authors: Cardenas Oscar
Published: May 2023

El adulto consolida su aprendizaje y el campo experiencial, es un elemento imprescindible en esa situación de aprendizaje. El contexto, las relaciones laborales, su capacidad crítica, de razonamiento y la experiencia humana; por ello el relacionamiento antropológico que se hace en este trabajo. A ello se suma el hecho que las personas tienen renovación del conocimiento y los procesos de comunicación interpersonal, el dialogo, el consenso y su evolución y la difusión temprana de los saberes como sinónimo de productividad, solidaridad, participación y colaboración espontánea. Estos son elementos nucleares de la andragogía y de la autopoiesis de la universidad del siglo XXI que es necesario considerar. La educación andragógica tiene un rol fundamental en la formación de los estudiantes, en la cual se pretende no solo prepararles para desempeñar una profesión, sino proporcionar ciudadanía formadora para el diario vivir y convivir. En este sentido, lo autopoiético no pasa desapercibido. La universidad como organización social puede atribuírsele la visión autopoiética dado que las personas están en capacidad de organizar el aprendizaje de acuerdo a la necesidad real, para auto desarrollarse en un sistema social.
El humanismo de Lévinas
Authors: Ferrer Lesbia
Published: May 2023

El ensayo parte de la propuesta filosófica de Enmanuel Lévinas, cuya perspectiva gira en torno al reconocimiento del otro y para el otro soportado en valores religiosos y morales que parten hacia una nueva racionalidad más allá de lo ontológico, permitiendo superar los viejos esquemas del humanismo de occidente para dar paso a la otredad y alteridad como forma de convivencia humana. El pensamiento de Lévinas llama a la reflexión en cuanto a las relaciones humanas fundamentadas en un mandato divino, representado en la idea que ese otro es más importante que Yo; siendo entonces la otredad la trascendencia de lo humano para dar paso a lo divino develando la ética como filosofía primera. De la misma manera, a lo largo del ensayo la autora hace un recorrido histórico de la vida del maestro Lévinas, sus estudios, la influencia de sus maestros Husserl y de Heidegger y la importancia del humanismo Levinisiano fundamentado en el amor, la ética, bondad, justicia e inclusión para la construcción de una nueva racionalidad en el contexto educativo venezolano del siglo XXI.
Encuadre ontoepistémico a la formación jurídica del abogado en el Estado Social de Derecho y de Justicia venezolano desde un entretejido
Authors: Ferrer Lesbia
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo se dan unas pinceladas sobre la formación que reciben los futuros abogados y abogadas en las universidades venezolanas haciéndose énfasis en un caso como la Unellez. Se plantea la importancia que, desde nuestra experiencia educativa, participemos y promovamos la revisión de los currículos de la carrera de Derecho para que en un futuro pueda ser servir de referente para una posterior reforma curricular. El reto planteado es lograr desde las aulas universitarias un profesional comprometido con los postulados constitucionales del Estado Social de Derecho y de Justicia. Un servidorcon sentido de responsabilidad social, pertenencia y ética profesional en las diferentes disciplinas del derecho. Que más allá de los claustros universitarios el estudiante a egresar como abogado logre poner en práctica sus conocimientos, que le aseguren en un futuro no muy lejano su desarrollo personal, ético y profesional en el ámbito de sus competencias. Del mismo modo este planteamiento es posible partiendo de una epistemología compleja de lo que son las ciencias jurídicas actuales y como deben alejarse de concepciones reduccionistas, herencia de un positivismo clásico que ha sido la concepción clásica que ha imperado en la enseñanza. Para ello es necesario apoyarse en una visión transversal de lo que implica el currículo. Además de estos aspectos el artículo describe una posible ruta metodológica a seguir en proceso de investigación en una investigación que tenga como propósito generar una modélica educacional desde la perspectiva de formación comunitaria en las ciencias jurídicas desde una visión práctica para la enseñanza del estudiante de Derecho.
La felicidad como valor humano en el aprendizaje
Authors: Duarte Ramírez Jose Luis
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo se analiza la importancia de la felicidad como valor humano en el aprendizaje y sus implicaciones en el desarrollo integral de los niños, niñas y jóvenes, en este sentido, se revisaron los aportes teóricos Diener, Quick y Quick, Ellis en su concepción de la felicidad y Seligman con sus aportes de la Psicología positiva relacionada con la felicidad. Freire, Bohn, con el aprendizaje dialéctico. Giraldo y Col, Odum y Moreira, brindan aportes relacionados sobre ecoeducación. En lo metodológico, el estudio se enmarcó en el paradigma interpretativo con enfoque cualitativo y el método utilizado fue el fenomenológico. Los resultados permitieron corroborar la importancia de la felicidad como valor humano en el aprendizaje.
Historia del Derecho Comparado
Authors: Martínez Omaña Omar Alirio
Published: May 2023

El Derecho Comparado es un método de disciplina, estudio,comparación de diferentes culturas, legislaciones, sistemas jurídicos, entre otros. Las fuentes del derecho comparado son las mismas del derecho, es decir, la Ley, la Jurisprudencia, la Doctrina y las Costumbres. Por ello, algunos jurisconsultos han manifestado que el Derecho Comparado viene siendo una doctrina. A lo largo de los siglos se han realizado estudios jurídicos comparativos en casi todos los países del mundo occidental, aunque la historia del derecho comparado, como disciplina académica autónoma es relativamente joven. Los autores alemanes Zweigert y Kötz, señalan como el primer estudio comparativo a Las Leyes, de Platón, obra en la que el filósofo compara el derecho de las ciudades-Estado griegas. En 1900, se celebró, en París, el Primer Congreso Internacional de Derecho Comparado. El comparatista Lambert indica que ello da inicio a esta nueva ciencia del Derecho.
A nivel mundial las leyes son eficaces en la protección del medio ambiente
Authors: Ramírez Sánchez Gilberto
Published: May 2023

El hombre es el mayor depredador y a su vez el reconstructor del medio ambiente, ha generado múltiples formas de contaminación y problemas ambientales desde los inicios del mundo. Hoy tenemos una contaminación sin fronteras asociada a todas las actividades humanas y que, junto a otros graves problemas, está degradando todos los ecosistemas contribuyendo a un cambio climático cuyas consecuencias estamos viviendo ya. Por esto, es preciso estudiar las causas de esta degradación para evitarla, combatirla y proceder a la recuperación ambiental para hacer posible un futuro sostenible. Así aparecen los tratadosinternacionales de protección ambiental y en base a estos los Estados promulgan las Leyes internas para prevenir los efectos contaminantes del planeta por eso, el título de la ponencia ¿A nivel mundial las leyes son eficaces en la protección del medio ambiente? Usted será el Juez para evaluar esta efectividad de las normas en su país.
Aproximación teórica para la holopraxis pedagógica afectiva en la evaluación. Una visión educacional del siglo XXI
Authors: Jaimes Suárez Sara
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo trata sobre la holopraxis pedagógica en el marco del desarrollo y explotación más dinámica, inteligente y eficaz de los recursos didácticos de los procesos de evaluación y aprendizaje, en un momento en que, los docentes, como agentes únicos operadores del aprendizaje, constituyen el sustrato fundamental del desarrollo holopraxico inteligente El objetivo consiste en la aproximación teórica para la holopraxis pedagógica afectiva en la evaluación, una visión educacional del siglo XXI. El estudio del aprendizaje humano ha sido objeto fundamental de la filosofía y la epistemología desde la época de los griegos, pero en los últimos años se le ha prestado mucha atención por parte de los teóricos en el área gerencial. En la literatura gerencial, no se define el aprendizaje desde el punto de vista filosófico, sino más bien desde el punto de vista pragmático. La metodología que sustenta este documento se enmarca dentro del paradigma cualitativo, de carácter fenomenológico. La principal conclusión radica en transformar el pensamiento en general y sus paradigmas si se quiere revertir el pensar educativo y sus estrategias. Hay que cambiar las estructuras existentes no sólo de pensamiento, sino en plena conjunción con la práctica social y sin perder el sentido cultural en que toma cuerpo y se despliega como sistema complejo. En los marcos de la formación humana y su desarrollo cultural, la educación resulta imprescindible. Ella constituye el medio por excelencia a través del cual se cultiva el hombre y se prepara para la vida y la sociedad.
Etnoeducación afrocolombiana en el contexto de la interculturalidad en Colombia
Authors: Mosquera Hernández Edwin
Published: May 2023

La sociedad actual está compuesta de una serie de elementos que permiten considerar las diferencias,la diversidad, los rasgos, las realidades, las circunstancias, sean estas, mayores y menores, que de algunamanera caracterizan e identifican a cada uno de los grupos humanos a los que se pertenece, biensea por razón étnica, lingüística, religiosa, social, profesional, entre otras. En este sentido, en presenteensayo se plantea como objetivo, generar reflexiones en torno a la etnoeducación en el contexto afrocolombianoy su relación con el africanismo, desde la perspectiva del etnodesarrollo en tanto elementofundamental para la consolidación del sistema social considerando los aportes que le brinda la pedagogía.Es importante destacar que la etnoeducación en cierta forma empodera a la población afrocolombiana.En el desarrollo del ensayo se consideraron temas como: La multiculturalidad desde la perspectiva de Olivé (2004), la interculturalidad según los planteamientos de Giménez (2000), la afrocolombianidad sustentada en la Constitución Política de Colombia (1991), la etnoeducación afrocolombiana, Meneses (2016); Romero (2008), Muñoz (2010). Etnoeducación interculturalidad y pedagogías propias Hernández (2015). Se concluyó que la etnoeducación afrocolombiana se mueve o transita desde dos perspectivas: la apuesta endógena, la cual le otorga a esta el rol de emancipadora, liberadora y descolonizadoradel pensamiento y la apuesta exógena; propone esta como la revolución educativa para el país.
Los saberes populares y académicos en la universidad venezolana. 123-132
Authors: Escalona Jean Carlos
Published: May 2023

El proceso geopolítico ocurrido en Venezuela a partir de 1999 con la entrada en vigencia de la nueva constitución obligó a plantear cambios en la concepción del Estado surgiendo posteriormente la nueva Ley Orgánica de Educación y el nacimiento del Estado docente que es una expresión rectora del Estado en educación para garantizar la educación como derecho humano. De esta forma, surgió la necesidad de la municipalización de la educación universitaria hoy día llamada Territorialización de la Educación Universitaria. El Estado socialista puso de manifiesto la necesidad de revalorizar la gestión del conocimiento desde la territorialidad planteó la masificación de la educación, la educación popular (conceptos de la década de los setenta del siglo XX) y es así se hizo prioritario la vinculación entre los saberes populares y académicos desde una visión transdisciplinaria, la resignificación del conocimiento y la concepción de una universidad más allá del aula; emergiendo nuevas categorías. Así, los sujetos sociales cobraron importancia en la articulación de estos saberes. A manera de conclusión este proceso a pesar que tiene un sustento epistemológico y fundamento jurídico todavía está definiéndose en su implementación en el país pues las universidades poco a poco lo asimilan. En esta perspectiva el presente artículo realiza una hermenéusis a los saberes populares y académicos en la educación universitaria venezolana.
Worker Voices: Shifting Perspectives and Expectations on Employment
Authors: Miller Sarah L. , Piazza Merissa , Putnam Ashley A. , Broady Kristen E.
Published: May 2023

Worker Voices is a Federal Reserve System research effort that engaged workers in low-wage roles and nondegree job seekers in focus groups to understand their experiences of the economy during the recovery. The research enabled the workers engaged in this process to answer questions about their experiences with the labor market: What were their experiences with employment during the onset of the pandemic and the economic recovery? Do these workers believe they are benefiting from strong labor market conditions and experiencing greater economic stability? What barriers persist and prevent them from returning and remaining in the labor market? How are they navigating recent labor market conditions, and what does that tell us about what they will prioritize going forward?
Do Mothers’ Educational and Ritualized Reasons for Allowing Their Children to Use Screen Media Affect Children’s Screen Media Regulation Ability via Their Screen Media Time?
Authors: Kim Ho Jung , Lee Dongmee , Kim Bitna , Seo Seung Hee , Park Ju Hee
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of the screen media time of young children on the relationship between mothers’ reasons for allowing young children to use screen media and their children’s ability to regulate screen media. The participants consisted of 614 children aged 5-6 (312 boys and 302 girls), and all the survey questions were answered by their mothers. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping analysis were employed to analyze the data using SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 8.6. The results were as follows. First, mothers’ educational and ritualized reasons for allowing young children to use screen media and children’s screen media time directly affected young children’s ability to regulate screen media. Second, children’s screen media time mediated the relationship between mothers’ educational and ritualized reasons for allowing their children to use screen media and children’s ability to regulate screen media. When mothers permitted their children to use screen media for educational purposes, their children were likely to spend less time on screen media usage which, in turn, increased their ability to regulate screen media. Conversely, the more mothers allowed their children to use screen media for ceremonial purposes, the more time their children spent on screen media and the less ability they had to regulate screen media usage. These outcomes suggest that, to improve children’s screen media regulation ability, mothers must not routinely allow their children to use screen media and should manage their children’s screen media time.
Predictors for Peer Relationships among Children and Adolescents in the Ecological System Perspective: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis
Authors: Choi Yun Hee , Kim BitNa , Kim Yeong Hee
Published: May 2023

This study examined four ecological systems, namely individual, family, school, and media environments. A series of moderator analyses were conducted to examine variations in effect size estimates across the study characteristics. The current study estimated that the effect size results were gleaned from 360 primary studies, including 90 journal articles and 270 thesis/dissertations, published between 2011 and 2022. The current meta-analysis results supported the ecological framework. That is, the impact of each ecological system on the development of positive and negative peer relationships varies depending on age groups and protective-risk factors. Specifically, for positive peer relationships, the largest effect size of the protective factor was found at the individual level for young and school- aged children, but at the school level for adolescents. Regarding the risk factors for positive peer relationships, the media was the ecological system with the strongest effect size for both young children and adolescents, while the individual-level demonstrating the strongest effect for school-aged children. Results from this meta-analysis allow us to identify some vital intervention areas in terms of healthy peer-relationship development, which should be of considerable interest to the educators and policymakers who are responsible for assessing and intervening with at-risk young children, school-aged children, and adolescents. From a practical standpoint, the current meta-analysis results are expected to contribute to developing effective prevention initiatives by targeting specific protective and risk factors for peer relationship development on the ecological system level.
Dietary education may reduce blood cadmium and mercury levels in chronic kidney disease patients with higher blood cadmium and mercury levels
Authors: Lee Su Mi , Hong Young-Seoub , Kim Byoung-Gwon , Kwon Jung-Yeon , Park Yongsoon , Kim Seong Eun , An Won Suk
Published: May 2023

Background: Exposure to cadmium and mercury is associated with renal dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the possible ability of dietary education to decrease blood cadmium and mercury levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: Twenty-seven patients with CKD were enrolled in this prospective, single-arm pilot study. Patients with blood cadmium levels ≥1.4 μg/L were instructed to reduce their intake of shellfish, while those with blood mercury levels ≥5.0 μg/L were asked to reduce their intake of externally blue-colored fish.Results: Seven dialysis patients and 15 pre-dialysis patients completed the study. Compared with baseline, the blood cadmium (2.0±0.7 μg/L vs. 1.8±0.7 μg/L, p=0.031) and mercury levels (4.4±2.6 μg/L vs. 3.5±1.9 μg/L, p=0.005) after 1 year significantly decreased, although the dietary intake was not significantly different in patients with blood cadmium levels ≥1.4 μg/L and blood mercury levels ≥5.0 μg/L. In pre-dialysis patients, kidney function worsened after 1 year compared with that at baseline despite the reduction in blood cadmium and mercury levels.Conclusions: Reduction of food intake containing cadmium and mercury may lower the blood cadmium and mercury levels in CKD patients with higher cadmium and mercury levels. Higher blood cadmium levels may cause renal disease progression in pre-dialysis patients, and further studies are necessary to determine the underlying mechanisms.
Transcriptional cartography integrates multiscale biology of the human cortex
Authors: Wagstyl Konrad , Adler Sophie , Seidlitz Jakob , Vandekar Simon , Mallard Travis T , Dear Richard , DeCasien Alex R , Satterthwaite Theodore D , Liu Siyuan , Vértes Petra E , Shinohara Russell T , Alexander-Bloch Aaron , Geschwind Daniel H , Raznahan Armin
Published: May 2023

The cerebral cortex underlies many of our unique strengths and vulnerabilities, but efforts to understand human cortical organization are challenged by reliance on incompatible measurement methods at different spatial scales. Macroscale features such as cortical folding and functional activation are accessed through spatially dense neuroimaging maps, whereas microscale cellular and molecular features are typically measured with sparse postmortem sampling. Here, we integrate these distinct windows on brain organization by building upon existing postmortem data to impute, validate, and analyze a library of spatially dense neuroimaging-like maps of human cortical gene expression. These maps allow spatially unbiased discovery of cortical zones with extreme transcriptional profiles or unusually rapid transcriptional change which index distinct microstructure and predict neuroimaging measures of cortical folding and functional activation. Modules of spatially coexpressed genes define a family of canonical expression maps that integrate diverse spatial scales and temporal epochs of human brain organization – ranging from protein–protein interactions to large-scale systems for cognitive processing. These module maps also parse neuropsychiatric risk genes into subsets which tag distinct cyto-laminar features and differentially predict the location of altered cortical anatomy and gene expression in patients. Taken together, the methods, resources, and findings described here advance our understanding of human cortical organization and offer flexible bridges to connect scientific fields operating at different spatial scales of human brain research.
Artificial intelligence-assisted air quality monitoring for smart city management
Authors: Neo En Xin , Hasikin Khairunnisa , Lai Khin Wee , Mokhtar Mohd Istajib , Azizan Muhammad Mokhzaini , Hizaddin Hanee Farzana , Razak Sarah Abdul , Yanto
Published: May 2023

Background

The environment has been significantly impacted by rapid urbanization, leading to a need for changes in climate change and pollution indicators. The 4IR offers a potential solution to efficiently manage these impacts. Smart city ecosystems can provide well-designed, sustainable, and safe cities that enable holistic climate change and global warming solutions through various community-centred initiatives. These include smart planning techniques, smart environment monitoring, and smart governance. An air quality intelligence platform, which operates as a complete measurement site for monitoring and governing air quality, has shown promising results in providing actionable insights. This article aims to highlight the potential of machine learning models in predicting air quality, providing data-driven strategic and sustainable solutions for smart cities.

Methods

This study proposed an end-to-end air quality predictive model for smart city applications, utilizing four machine learning techniques and two deep learning techniques. These include Ada Boost, SVR, RF, KNN, MLP regressor and LSTM. The study was conducted in four different urban cities in Selangor, Malaysia, including Petaling Jaya, Banting, Klang, and Shah Alam. The model considered the air quality data of various pollution markers such as PM2.5, PM10, O3, and CO. Additionally, meteorological data including wind speed and wind direction were also considered, and their interactions with the pollutant markers were quantified. The study aimed to determine the correlation variance of the dependent variable in predicting air pollution and proposed a feature optimization process to reduce dimensionality and remove irrelevant features to enhance the prediction of PM2.5, improving the existing LSTM model. The study estimates the concentration of pollutants in the air based on training and highlights the contribution of feature optimization in air quality predictions through feature dimension reductions.

Results

In this section, the results of predicting the concentration of pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, and CO) in the air are presented in R2 and RMSE. In predicting the PM10 and PM2.5concentration, LSTM performed the best overall high R2values in the four study areas with the R2 values of 0.998, 0.995, 0.918, and 0.993 in Banting, Petaling, Klang and Shah Alam stations, respectively. The study indicated that among the studied pollution markers, PM2.5,PM10, NO2, wind speed and humidity are the most important elements to monitor. By reducing the number of features used in the model the proposed feature optimization process can make the model more interpretable and provide insights into the most critical factor affecting air quality. Findings from this study can aid policymakers in understanding the underlying causes of air pollution and develop more effective smart strategies for reducing pollution levels.
Expression of ERG in Prostatic Acinar Adenocarcinoma Diagnosed on TRUS-guided Biopsy and its Association with WHO Grade Group- A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Sarfaraj SM , Dey Soumya , Pal Dilip Kumar , Datta Chhanda , Sengupta Moumita
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Prostate cancer is a common malignancy affecting men and the second leading cause of cancer related death in India. Numerous molecular biomarkers have been evaluated for their potential role in predicting disease progression, their response to therapy and survival. Erythroblast Transformation Specific (ETS) related Gene (ERG) is one of the newest addition in the existing list of biomarkers of prostate cancer. Aim: To analyse the expression of ERG in prostatic adenocarcinoma and to evaluate its association with World Health Organisation (WHO) grade group. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in association with Department of Urology, IPGME&R, SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The duration of the study was 1.5 years, from January 2019 to June 2020. A total of 267 cases of Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) guided tru-cut biopsy was included. Clinical data including preoperative Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level, Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) were obtained. Histopathological reports were prepared by two pathologists along with Gleason scoring and WHO grading as per 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma. Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) sections of representative blocks of each tumour was selected for Immunohistochemistry (IHC) study. Only the cases which had more than 10% nuclear staining were considered as positive. Statistical analysis was performed with help of Epi Info (TM) 7.2.2.2 and Chi-square test was used to test the association of different study variables. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 65.55 years, and the age range was 45-93 years. Among the 80 malignant cases where, ERG immunostaining was assessed, 28 cases (35%) showed positive expression. Among these positive cases, 50% cases were weakly positive, 28.57% showed moderate positivity and 21.43% had strong positive expression. Highest positivity was observed in WHO grade group V (44.83%). The intensity of ERG expression was also higher in high grade group (13) than low grade group cancer patients. Conclusion: ERG expression in the prostate cancer can be a prognostic factor as the expression and intensity of expression both increases with higher grade group of cancer.
Smartphone Addiction among University Students and Its Implications for Learning
Authors: Yoezer Karma
Published: May 2023

This research paper aims to investigate the impact of smartphone addiction on the academic performance of higher education institutions students. Primary data (n=500) was collected from students under five departments using simple random sampling technique. Smartphone Addiction Inventory Scale (SPAI) and multiple logistic regression method was employed in the study. Results show that factors like age, age of first-time smartphone use were found to be statistically significant and positively associated with college students’ academic performance. The paper presents supporting evidence to higher education institutions authorities to design a strategy for the interventions in higher education institutions to enhance academic performance of students who are very vulnerable to excessive smartphone users.
Effect of Microdoses of Incisional Antibiotics on the Rate of Surgical Site Infections in Skin Cancer Surgery
Authors: Goh Maple , Hollewand Clare , McBride Stephen , Ryan Nicola , van der Werf Bert , Mathy Jon A.
Published: May 2023

Importance

Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a costly and preventable complication of cutaneous surgery. However, there is a paucity of randomized clinical trials investigating antibiotic prophylaxis for reducing SSIs in skin cancer surgery, and evidence-based guidelines are lacking. Incisional antibiotics have been shown to reduce the rate of SSIs before Mohs micrographic surgery, but this represents a small subset of skin cancer surgery.

Objective

To determine whether microdosed incisional antibiotics reduce the rate of SSIs before skin cancer surgery.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this double-blind, controlled, parallel-design randomized clinical trial, adult patients presenting to a high-volume skin cancer treatment center in Auckland, New Zealand, for any form of skin cancer surgery over 6 months from February to July 2019 were included. Patient presentations were randomized to one of 3 treatment arms. Data were analyzed from October 2021 to February 2022.

Interventions

Patients received an incision site injection of buffered local anesthetic alone (control), buffered local anesthetic with microdosed flucloxacillin (500 µg/mL), or buffered local anesthetic with microdosed clindamycin (500 µg/mL).

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary end point was the rate of postoperative SSI (calculated as number of lesions with SSI per total number of lesions in the group), defined as a standardized postoperative wound infection score of 5 or more.

Results

A total of 681 patients (721 total presentations; 1133 total lesions) returned for postoperative assessments and were analyzed. Of these, 413 (60.6%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 70.4 (14.8) years. Based on treatment received, the proportion of lesions exhibiting a postoperative wound infection score of 5 or greater was 5.7% (22 of 388) in the control arm, 5.3% (17 of 323) in the flucloxacillin arm, and 2.1% (9 of 422) in the clindamycin arm (P = .01 for clindamycin vs control). Findings were similar after adjusting for baseline differences among arms. Compared with lesions in the control arm (31 of 388 [8.0%]), significantly fewer lesions in the clindamycin arm (9 of 422 [2.1%]; P < .001) and flucloxacillin (13 of 323 [4.0%]; P = .03) arms required postoperative systemic antibiotics.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study evaluated the use of incisional antibiotics for SSI prophylaxis in general skin cancer surgery and compared the efficacy of flucloxacillin vs clindamycin relative to control in cutaneous surgery. The significant reduction in SSI with locally applied microdosed incisional clindamycin provides robust evidence to inform treatment guidelines in this area, which are currently lacking.

Trial Registration

anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12616000364471
Long‐Term Maintenance of Clinical Responses by Individual Patients With Polyarticular‐Course Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated With Abatacept
Authors: Brunner Hermine I. , Tzaribachev Nikolay , Louw Ingrid , Calvo Penades Inmaculada , Avila‐Zapata Francisco , Horneff Gerd , Foeldvari Ivan , Kingsbury Daniel J. , Paz Gastanaga Maria Eliana , Wouters Carine , Breedt Johannes , Wong Robert , Askelson Margarita , Zhuo Joe , Martini Alberto , Lovell Daniel J. , Ruperto Nicolino ,   for the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO) and the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group (PRCSG) investigators
Published: May 2023

Objective

To investigate the frequency and trajectories of individual patients with polyarticular‐course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) achieving novel composite end points on abatacept.

Methods

Data from a clinical trial of subcutaneous abatacept (NCT01844518) and a post hoc analysis of intravenous abatacept (NCT00095173) in patients with polyarticular‐course JIA were included. Three end points were defined and evaluated: combined occurrence of low disease activity (LDA) measured by the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score; 50% improvement in American College of Rheumatology criteria for JIA (ACR50); and patient‐reported outcomes. Patient‐reported outcomes included visual analog scale score of minimal pain (pain‐min) and Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index score of 0 (C‐HAQ DI0). In this post hoc analysis, maintenance of month 13 and 21 end points (LDA+pain‐min, LDA+C‐HAQ DI0, and ACR50+pain‐min) in those who achieved them at month 4 was determined.

Results

Composite end points (LDA+pain‐min, LDA+C‐HAQ DI0, and ACR50+pain‐min) were achieved at month 4 (44.7%, 19.6%, and 58.9% of the 219 patients treated with subcutaneous abatacept, respectively). Of those who achieved LDA+pain‐min at month 4, 84.7% (83 of 98) and 65.3% (64 of 98) maintained LDA+pain‐min at months 13 and 21, respectively. The proportions of patients meeting LDA+pain‐min outcomes increased from 44.7% (98 of 219) at month 4 to 54.8% (120 of 219) at month 21. The frequency of patients who met an LDA+C‐HAQ DI score of 0 increased from 19.6% (43 of 219) at month 4 to 28.8% (63 of 219) at month 21.

Conclusion

Among individual patients with polyarticular‐course JIA treated with abatacept who achieved 1 of the combined clinical and patient‐reported outcomes composite end points, many maintained them over 21 months of abatacept treatment.
Layer‐By‐Layer Assembly of Asymmetric Linkers into Non‐Centrosymmetric Metal Organic Frameworks: A Thorough Theoretical Treatment
Authors: Liu Modan , Elsing David , Esmaeilpour Meysam , Kozlowska Mariana , Wenzel Wolfgang , Wöll Christof
Published: May 2023

Layer‐by‐layer synthesis of surface‐coordinated metal–organic frameworks (SURMOF) enables the assembly of asymmetric, dipolar linkers into non‐centrosymmetric pillar‐layered structures. Using appropriate substrate terminations can yield oriented growth with the dipoles aligned perpendicular to the surface. The aligned pillar linkers give rise to a built‐in electrostatic field. In addition, the non‐centrosymmetric structure of the SURMOF gives rise to intriguing nonlinear optical features, such as second harmonic generation. Previous research with methyl‐functionalized bipyridine pillar linkers have demonstrated that this approach works in principle, but so far the total degree of alignment is only very small. Herein, a multiscale modelling approach is presented for in‐silico SURMOF assembly to identify and overcome limitations in the growth of pillar‐layered SURMOFs and to develop a strategy to maximize linker alignment. Using master equation models and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, it is found that the formation of a highly ordered state corresponding to the thermodynamic equilibrium is often prevented by long‐lasting transient effects. Based on ab initio binding energies for a wide selection of hypothetical pillar linkers, a fast‐binding, slow‐relaxation scheme is able to be identified during the SURMOF growth for a range of different pillar linkers. These observations allow them to derive a rational strategy for the design of novel linkers to yield SURMOF‐based non‐centrosymmetric materials with substantially improved properties.
Tissue‐Adhesive Piezoelectric Soft Sensor for In Vivo Blood Pressure Monitoring During Surgical Operation
Authors: Wang Chan , Hu Yiran , Liu Ying , Shan Yizhu , Qu Xuecheng , Xue Jiangtao , He Tianyiyi , Cheng Sijing , Zhou Hong , Liu Weixin , Guo Zi Hao , Hua Wei , Liu Zhuo , Li Zhou , Lee Chengkuo
Published: May 2023

The reliable function in vivo of self‐powered implantable bioelectric devices (iBEDs) requires biocompatible, seamless, effective interactions with biological tissues. Herein, an implantable tissue‐adhesive piezoelectric soft sensor (TPSS), in which the piezoelectric sensor converts biomechanical signals into electrical signals, and the adhesive hydrogel (AH) strengthens this conversion by seamlessly adhering the sensor on the wet and curvilinear surface, is proposed. The optimized AH exhibits strong adhesion to various organic or inorganic surfaces, including six commonly used engineering materials and three biological tissues. As a pressure sensor, TPSS proves good in vitro electrical performance with a high output of 8.3 V, long‐term stability of over 6000 cycles, and high energy power density of 186.9 µW m−2. In a large animal experiment, TPSS seamlessly adheres to the right‐side internal carotid artery of a Yorkshire pig to monitor blood pressure during a surgical operation. Compared to commercial sensors that work by inserting into tissues, TPSS does not cause any damage and can be peeled off after service. The integration of adhesive hydrogel and self‐powered pressure sensors enables biocompatible, seamless, and more efficient interactions between the biological system and iBEDs, which also contributes to next‐generation implantable bioelectronics with features of battery‐free, intelligent, and accurate.
Engineering Extracellular Matrix‐Bound Nanovesicles Secreted by Three‐Dimensional Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Liu Chang , Chen Xingchi , Liu Yuan , Sun Li , Yu Zhibin , Ren Yi , Zeng Changchun , Li Yan
Published: May 2023

Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the human tissue contains vesicles, which are defined as matrix‐bound nanovesicles (MBVs). MBVs serve as one of the functional components in ECM, recapitulating part of the regulatory roles and in vivo microenvironment. In this study, extracellular vesicles from culture supernatants (SuEVs) and MBVs are isolated from the conditioned medium or ECM, respectively, of 3D human mesenchymal stem cells. Nanoparticle tracking analysis shows that MBVs are smaller than SuEVs (100–150 nm). Transmission electron microscopy captures the typical cup shape morphology for both SuEVs and MBVs. Western blot reveals that MBVs have low detection of some SuEV markers such as syntenin‐1. miRNA analysis of MBVs shows that 3D microenvironment enhances the expression of miRNAs such as miR‐19a and miR‐21. In vitro functional analysis shows that MBVs can facilitate human pluripotent stem cell‐derived forebrain organoid recovery after starvation and promote high passage fibroblast proliferation. In macrophage polarization, 2D MBVs tend to suppress the pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐12β, while 3D MBVs tend to enhance the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10. This study has the significance in advancing the understanding of the bio‐interface of nanovesicles with human tissue and the design of cell‐free therapy for treating neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke.
Tunable Gold Nanoring Arrays by Electrodeposition
Authors: Clarke Thomas B. , Colón Guillermo S. , Dick Jeffrey E.
Published: May 2023

Gold has many exciting properties that justify its use in a wide range of applications. While gold nanoparticles are frequently used, nanorings offer an interesting new geometry. Unfortunately, few technologies exist to fabricate nanorings, which are often created by multistep lithographic methods. Furthermore, nanoring arrays are even more difficult to achieve. Herein, a one‐step, one‐pot electrodeposition method to realize arrays of gold nanorings with tunable parameters is demonstrated. It is shown that the electrodeposition of gold nanoring arrays can be easily achieved when one submerges a water droplet containing HAuCl4 into an oil‐phase containing a quaternary ammonium salt. These conditions allow for the spontaneous emulsification at the water|oil interface. The nanorings can be deposited at the edges of the emulsion droplets that become adsorbed to the electrode. Changing the concentrations of species, submersion time, and electrodeposition parameters allows us to tune relevant parameters of the array of nanorings, including the thickness and size of the rings.
The Importance of Electrode Material in Bioelectronic Electrophoretic Ion Pumps
Authors: Nguyen Tiffany , Asefifeyzabadi Narges , Li Houpu , Luo Le , Rolandi Marco
Published: May 2023

Bioelectronic ion pumps deliver ions and biomolecules from a source to a target biological system with high spatiotemporal control for bioengineering and regenerative medicine applications. A voltage between a working electrode and a reference/counter electrode delivers the charged ions and biomolecules from a source to the desired target. The source and the target are separated by an ion exchange membrane so that only the charged molecules of interest are delivered. Future wearable and implantable applications require high efficiency of delivery to minimize power consumption. The majority of recent efforts on improving ion pump efficiency have focused on optimizing the ion exchange membrane. However, the contribution of the working electrode material to the ion pump efficiency has been mostly overlooked. This work identifies how changing the working electrode material greatly affects the efficiency of delivery in ion pumps. With an electrical circuit model analysis, voltammetry studies on silver, platinum, and palladium hydride working electrodes, and implementation of the Butler–Volmer equation, results show that the material‐dependent equilibrium potential at the working electrode surface has a large impact on ion pump efficiency. With this knowledge, a simple predictive model to optimize the working electrode material for delivering each specific ion or molecule of interest is designed.
Inverse Altermagnetic Spin Splitting Effect‐Induced Terahertz Emission in RuO2
Authors: Liu Yu , Bai Hua , Song Yuna , Ji Zhihao , Lou Shitao , Zhang Zongzhi , Song Cheng , Jin Qingyuan
Published: May 2023

The relativistic inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) plays a pivotal role in terahertz (THz) emission in magnet/heavy metal bilayers. Here, THz emission from RuO2/Py bilayers is reported due to not only the relativistic ISHE but also the nonrelativistic inverse altermagnetic spin splitting effect (IASSE) in RuO2. For the (100)‐oriented RuO2/Py bilayers, the THz emission is greatly enhanced owing to IASSE once the polarization direction of the spin current (from the Py layer induced by pump laser) is parallel to the Néel vector of RuO2, producing the anisotropic THz emission with twofold symmetry. In contrast, the RuO2(110)/Py bilayer only exhibits isotropic THz emission because of the absence of IASSE‐induced spin‐charge conversion in the (110)‐oriented RuO2 films. Apart from the fundamental significance of exploring the IASSE‐induced spin‐to‐charge conversion, the finding also enriches the physical mechanism and modulation method of THz emission in spintronic systems.
Urinary cytokine measurements do not reflect surgery‐induced inflammation in rhesus macaques
Authors: Higham James P. , Cooper Eve B. , Whalen Connor , Stahl‐Hennig Christiane , Giavedoni Luis D. , Heistermann Michael
Published: May 2023

Measurement of the health and disease status of free‐ranging primates is often limited by a lack of available biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation that can be applied noninvasively via the measurement of urine or fecal samples. Here, we evaluate the potential usefulness of noninvasive urinary measurements of a number of cytokines, chemokines, and other markers of inflammation and infection. We took advantage of surgery‐associated inflammation in seven captive rhesus macaques, collecting urine samples before and after the medical interventions. We measured these urine samples for 33 different markers of inflammation and immune activation that are known to be responsive to inflammation and infection in rhesus macaque blood samples, via the Luminex platform. We also measured all samples for concentrations of the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), which we had validated in a prior study as an effective biomarker of inflammation. Despite urine samples being collected in captivity under ideal conditions (clean, no contamination with feces or soil, frozen quickly), 13/33 biomarkers measured via Luminex were found at concentrations below detection limits in >50% of samples. Of the remaining 20 markers, only 2 showed significant increases in response to surgery—IL18 and MPO (myeloperoxidase). However, suPAR measurements of the same samples show a consistent marked increase in response to surgery that is absent from the patterns of IL18 and MPO measurement. Given that our samples were collected under conditions that are greatly preferable to those usually encountered in the field, urinary cytokine measurements via the Luminex platform seem overall unpromising for primate field studies.