bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN SENI TEATER DI SURAKARTA : POTENSI, PERKEMBANGAN, DAN PENGELOLAAN
Authors: Makaf Akhyar
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Theater Arts is widely taught in non-formal educational institutions such as studios, hermitage and extracurricular activities in formal schools. Its existence continues to grow as art education is realized to be an alternative media for the learning process. There came a number of Theater Arts training institutions in Surakarta. This research was conducted to examine the potential, development, and management of several training institutions that have a good reputation and have proven their presence in Surakarta. Qualitative research methods with analytic descriptive are used to analyze the training methods, curriculum, and management of training institutions that are used as research objects in order to see their potential and development. The results of this study can be used as a reference for anyone who is interested in developing non-formal educational institutions in the arts, especially Theater Arts. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the city of Surakarta as a City of Performing Arts, has the potential to be a location for the development of the Theater Arts training field. From the two objects of the training institution studied, the differences and variations in the training and management methods applied are described in accordance with the composition of the participants and the curriculum applied.Key words: theater arts, non-formal education, training methods, management.  ABSTRAK  Seni Teater banyak diajarkan dalam lembaga pendidikan non-formal seperti sanggar, padepokan dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah formal. Keberadaannya terus berkembang seiring disadarinya pendidikan seni sebagai media alternatif proses pembelajaran. Maka muncullah beberapa lembaga pelatihan Seni Teater di Surakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji potensi, perkembangan, dan pengelolaan dari beberapa lembaga pelatihan yang sudah bereputasi cukup baik dan teruji keberadaannya di Surakarta. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan deskriptif analitik digunakan untuk menganalisis metode pelatihan, kurikulum, dan pengelolaan lembaga-lembaga pelatihan yang dijadikan objek penelitian, guna melihat potensi dan perkembangannya. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai rujukan bagi siapa pun yang tertarik untuk mengembangkan lembaga pendidikan non-formal di bidang seni, khususnya Seni Teater. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kota Surakarta sebagai Kota Seni Pertunjukan, berpotensi sebagai lokasi pengembangan bidang pelatihan Seni Teater. Dari dua objek lembaga pelatihan yang diteliti, tergambar perbedaan dan variasi metode pelatihan dan pengelolaan yang diterapkan sesuai dengan komposisi peserta dan kurikulum yang diterapkan. Kata-kata kunci : seni teater, pendidikan non-formal, metode pelatihan, pengelolaan.
PERUBAHAN MOTIF KENDANGAN JAIPONG PADA PERTUNJUKAN WAYANG KULIT KI SENO NUGROHO
Authors: Saepudin Asep , Setiawan Sigit
Published: August 2020

Acculturation of Sundanese and Javanese culture one of which appears in the Sundanese jaipong kendang motif that is adapted so that it becomes Javanese in character. This can be seen in the appearance of Wayang Kulit Ki Seno Nugroho. This study aims to analyze changes in kendang jaipong’s motives using the observation methode. Observation was carried out by revealing a systematic picture of the shadow puppet show, the player’s behavior, and paying attention to the space, place, actors, activities, time, and events. From the observation, it was found that there was a change in the jaipong drum construction on the improvisation, ayak-ayak patterns, various pangjadi motives, bukaan, mincid, ngala, and tepak ngeureunkeun. The results of this study concluded that althought the presentation of jaipong drums imitated the Sundanese style, the resulting motives were generally not Sundanese motifs. All jaipong kendang motifs are responded creatively to new motifs by Seno Nugroho drummer so that the results of their work are not Sundanese but Javanese.Keywords: tepak, jaipong, mincid, seno.
Sağlık Harcamalarının Belirleyicilerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma; AB ve Türkiye Örneği
Authors: TIRAŞ Hacı Hayrettin , TÜRKMEN Sena
Published: August 2020

Sağlık harcamaları; insan sağlığının korunması, geliştirilmesi, devamlılığının sağlanması ve var olan hastalıkların tedavisi için yapılan tüm harcamaları kapsamaktadır. Sağlık harcamaları toplumun sağlık düzeyini yükseltirken beşeri sermayeye yaptığı katkılarla da kalkınmayı hızlandırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 19 Avrupa Birliği ülkesi ve Türkiye’de sağlık harcamalarına etki eden faktörler 1995-2018 dönemi verileri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, kişi başı sağlık harcaması, kişi başı GSYİH, 65 yaş ve üstü nüfus, doğumda beklenen yaşam süresi ve kişi başına karbondioksit emisyonu değişkenler olarak kullanılmıştır. Analizler için Westerlund (2006) panel eş bütünleşme testinden yararlanılmıştır. Buna göre, 19 Avrupa Birliği ülkesi ve Türkiye’de kişi başı gelirin sağlık harcamaları üzerindeki etkisinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu; ancak 65 yaş ve üstü nüfus, karbondioksit emisyonu ve doğuşta yaşam beklentisi değişkenlerinin eş bütünleşme katsayılarının istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, söz konusu 20 ülkede kişi başı gelirde %1’lik bir artışın kişi başı sağlık harcamalarını yaklaşık %0.11 arttırdığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, 20 ülkede sağlık harcamalarını belirlemede kullanılan her bir değişkenin etkisinin ülkeden ülkeye farklılık gösterdiği tahmin edilirken, sağlık harcamaları ile değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğu bulgusu elde edilmiştir.
Borsa İstanbul Hisse Senedi Getirilerinin ANFIS Aracılığıyla Tahmin Edilmesi
Authors: SARI Salim Sercan , YÜKSEL YİĞİTER Şule
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışmada, hisse senedi getirilerinin yatırımcı duyarlılığı aracılığı ile tahmin edilmesi ve yatırımcı duyarlılığının yatırımcıların davranışları üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Tahmin için geliştirilen modellerde bağımlı değişken olarak BİST 100 Getiri Endeksi, bağımsız değişken olarak ise yatırımcı duyarlılığını temsil eden değişkenler (işlem hacmi, işlem görme oranı vb.) kullanılmıştır. Veriler bulanık mantık (ANFIS) yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde, 2007- 2018 yılları arasındaki aylık veriler dikkate alınmıştır. Değişkenlere ait toplanan 144 aylık verinin %70’lik kısmı eğitim verisi olarak, %30’luk kısmı ise matematiksel modellerin tahmin başarısını ölçmek için kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, yatırımcı duyarlılığının hisse senedi getirilerini tahmin etme konusunda başarılı olduğu göstermektedir. Özellikle işlem hacmi ve işlem görme oranı değişkenleri hisse senedi getirilerini önemli ölçüde tahmin edebilmiştir. Yatırımcı duyarlılığını ölçen değişkenler arasında tahmin gücü en düşük olan değişken, ortalama fon akışı değişkenidir. Sonuçlar genel olarak, BİST 100 Getiri Endeksinin yatırımcı duyarlılığı aracılığıyla tahmin edilebildiğini ortaya koymaktadır.
Leavy, P., & Harris, A. (2019). Contemporary Feminist Research from Theory to Practice. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Authors: Amyot Valerie
Published: August 2020

Reviewed by Valerie Amyot, MA student, Concordia University
Using Activity Worksheets to Remediate Pre-Service Teachers’ Alternative Conceptions about Word Equations
Authors: Hanson Ruby
Published: August 2020

This study describes the use of worksheet activities based on alternative concepts from a two-tiered diagnostic assessment on chemical phenomena to remediate 37 first year non-major chemistry pre-service teachers’ alternative conceptions about word chemical equations. The instruments for data collection were tiered assessments and group learning conversations. The action research approach employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. Weaknesses in trainees’ reasoning patterns were identified and remediated. A paired sample t-test showed significant differences in participants’ conceptions before and after using the worksheets while the transcribed, analysed, and interpreted group learning conversation results corroborated the quantitative results. Implications for developing and using engaging and appropriate teaching strategies are offered.
Co-Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Biochar Application Improves Growth and Nutrientsin Soybean and Enriches Soil Nutrients and Enzymes
Authors: Jabborova Dilfuza , Wirth Stephan , Kannepalli Annapurna , Narimanov Abdujalil , Desouky Said , Davranov Kakhramon , Sayyed R. Z. , El Enshasy Hesham , Malek Roslinda Abd , Syed Asad , Bahkali Ali H.
Published: August 2020

Gradual depletion in soil nutrients has affected soil fertility, soil nutrients, and the activities of soil enzymes. The applications of multifarious rhizobacteria can help to overcome these issues, however, the effect of co-inoculation of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and biochar on growth andnutrient levelsin soybean and on the level of soil nutrients and enzymes needs in-depth study. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of co-inoculation of multifarious Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110 and Pseudomonas putida TSAU1 and different levels (1 and 3%) of biochar on growth parameters and nutrient levelsin soybean and on the level of soil nutrients and enzymes. Effect of co-inoculation of rhizobacteria and biochar (1 and 3%) on the plant growth parameters and soil biochemicals were studied in pot assay experiments under greenhouse conditions. Both produced good amounts of indole-acetic acid; (22 and 16 µg mL−1), siderophores (79 and 87%SU), and phosphate solubilization (0.89 and 1.02 99 g mL−1). Co-inoculation of B. japonicum with P. putida and 3% biochar significantly improved the growth and nutrient content ofsoybean and the level of nutrients and enzymes in the soil, thus making the soil more fertile to support crop yield. The results of this research provide the basis of sustainable and chemical-free farming for improved yields and nutrients in soybean and improvement in soil biochemical properties.
Onion (Allium cepa L.) Yield and Growth Dynamics Response to In-Season Patterns of Nitrogen and Sulfur Uptake
Authors: Przygocka-Cyna Katarzyna , Barłóg Przemysław , Grzebisz Witold , Spiżewski Tomasz
Published: August 2020

The in-season trend of onion biomass and its yield depend on the dynamics of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) uptake. This hypothesis was verified based on a three-year (2009, 2010, 2011) field study (Poznan University of Life Sciences). The experimental factors consisted of N: 0, 60, 120 and S: 0, 30, 60 kg ha−1. The dynamics of onion total dry weight (TDW), total N uptake (TNU), and total S uptake (TSU) were determined at 10-day intervals. The in-season course of TDW and TNU was best described by the expolinear and TSU by the quadratic growth model. Sulfur uptake increased in onion at day after emergence (DAE) 40, independent of its rate with respect to SN control, resulting in increased N by 50%, and consequently higher yield. The maximum absolute S uptake rate (SCm), a factor defining yield, increased progressively with the N rate, but only in the absence of S application. Plants fertilized simultaneously with S and N showed a more complicated impact on SCm. The N rate of 120 kg ha−1 resulted in SCm reduction, leading to a yield drop. The expolinear model indicated an onion growth disturbance, revealed under unfavorable growth conditions, leading to yield depression.
Free Vibrations of Tapered Horseshoe Circular Arch with Constant Volume
Authors: Lee Byoung Koo , Kim Gweon Sik , Oh Sang Jin , Lee Tae Eun
Published: August 2020

This paper presents free vibrations of the tapered horseshoe circular arch with a constant volume. The volume of the arch is constant, and the cross-sectional shape of the arch is square and circular. The taper function of the arch is a quadratic function. Differential equations with the boundary conditions that govern the free vibration of such arches are derived and numerically solved to calculate natural frequencies and mode shapes. The natural frequencies of this study agree well with those of the finite element ADINA. Parametric studies of the geometrical and cross-sectional properties of the arch on frequencies and mode shapes are performed and discussed.
Numerical Verification of Interaction between Masonry with Precast Reinforced Lintel Made of AAC and Reinforced Concrete Confining Elements
Authors: Drobiec Łukasz , Jasiński Radosław , Mazur Wojciech , Rybraczyk Tomasz
Published: August 2020

This paper describes results of numerical analyses of reinforced lintels made of autoclaved aerated concrete built into unconfined walls and walls confined with reinforced concrete. The combination of the Menétrey–Willam elastic-plastic failure criterion (M-W-3) and the Rankine criterion was used for numerical analysis of masonry. The parameters were determined by laboratory tests. Rebars were modelled using the Huber–Mises–Hencky yield criterion. The numerical model included interface elements att the interface between masonry units, at interfaces between reinforced concrete and masonry, and at interfaces between elements of test stands with a model using the Coulomb–Mohr (C-M) criterion. The majority of parameters of interface elements were assumed from laboratory tests. Results of numerical analysis were compared with laboratory tests. Results of numerical analysis and experiments were compatible in the range of load-carrying capacity of models and the failure method.
Prediction of Potential Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the Solid–Liquid Extraction of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) from Microalgae Using COSMO-RS Screening Model
Authors: Rezaei Motlagh Shiva , Harun Razif , Radiah Awang Biak Dayang , Hussain Siti Aslina , A. Elgharbawy Amal , Khezri Ramin , Wilfred Cecilia Devi
Published: August 2020

This study performs a screening of potential Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the extraction of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) compounds by the calculation of capacity values. For this purpose, a Conductor-Like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) was employed to study the molecular structures of the ILs, and therefore, predict their extraction potential. The capacity values of 22 anions combined with 16 cations based ILs, were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of ILs in the extraction of DHA. It was found that among the investigated ILs, a combination of tetramethyl ammonium with SO4 or Cl was the best fit for DHA extraction, followed by pyrrolidinium, imidazolium, pyridinium and piperidinium. Furthermore, it was observed that the extraction capacity and the selectivity of ILs decreased with an increase in alkyl chain length; therefore, ethyl chain-ILs, with the shortest chain lengths, were found to be most suitable for DHA extraction. The predicted results were validated through the experimentally calculated extraction yield of a DHA compound from Nannochloropsis sp. Microalgae. Five selected ILs, namely [EMIM][Cl], [BMIM][Cl], [TMAm][Cl], [EMPyr][Br] and [EMPyrro][Br], were selected from COSMO-RS for empirical extraction purposes, and the validation results pinpointed the good prediction capabilities of COSMO-RS. The findings in this study can simplify the process of selecting suitable ILs for DHA extraction and reduce the number of required empirical evaluations.
Cystic Fibrosis Defective Response to Infection Involves Autophagy and Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Mingione Alessandra , Ottaviano Emerenziana , Barcella Matteo , Merelli Ivan , Rosso Lorenzo , Armeni Tatiana , Cirilli Natalia , Ghidoni Riccardo , Borghi Elisa , Signorelli Paola
Published: August 2020

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease, with 70% of patients developing a proteinopathy related to the deletion of phenylalanine 508. CF is associated with multiple organ dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and recurrent lung infections. CF is characterized by defective autophagy, lipid metabolism, and immune response. Intracellular lipid accumulation favors microbial infection, and autophagy deficiency impairs internalized pathogen clearance. Myriocin, an inhibitor of sphingolipid synthesis, significantly reduces inflammation, promotes microbial clearance in the lungs, and induces autophagy and lipid oxidation. RNA-seq was performed in Aspergillusfumigatus-infected and myriocin-treated CF patients’ derived monocytes and in a CF bronchial epithelial cell line. Fungal clearance was also evaluated in CF monocytes. Myriocin enhanced CF patients’ monocytes killing of A. fumigatus. CF patients’ monocytes and cell line responded to infection with a profound transcriptional change; myriocin regulates genes that are involved in inflammation, autophagy, lipid storage, and metabolism, including histones and heat shock proteins whose activity is related to the response to infection. We conclude that the regulation of sphingolipid synthesis induces a metabolism drift by promoting autophagy and lipid consumption. This process is driven by a transcriptional program that corrects part of the differences between CF and control samples, therefore ameliorating the infection response and pathogen clearance in the CF cell line and in CF peripheral blood monocytes.
Caenorhabditis elegans Deficient in DOT-1.1 Exhibit Increases in H3K9me2 at Enhancer and Certain RNAi-Regulated Regions
Authors: Esse Ruben , Grishok Alla
Published: August 2020

The methylation of histone H3 at lysine 79 is a feature of open chromatin. It is deposited by the conserved histone methyltransferase DOT1. Recently, DOT1 localization and H3K79 methylation (H3K79me) have been correlated with enhancers in C. elegans and mammalian cells. Since earlier research implicated H3K79me in preventing heterochromatin formation both in yeast and leukemic cells, we sought to inquire whether a H3K79me deficiency would lead to higher levels of heterochromatic histone modifications, specifically H3K9me2, at developmental enhancers in C. elegans. Therefore, we used H3K9me2 ChIP-seq to compare its abundance in control and dot-1.1 loss-of-function mutant worms, as well as in rde-4; dot-1.1 and rde-1; dot-1.1 double mutants. The rde-1 and rde-4 genes are components of the RNAi pathway in C. elegans, and RNAi is known to initiate H3K9 methylation in many organisms, including C. elegans. We have previously shown that dot-1.1(−) lethality is rescued by rde-1 and rde-4 loss-of-function. Here we found that H3K9me2 was elevated in enhancer, but not promoter, regions bound by the DOT-1.1/ZFP-1 complex in dot-1.1(−) worms. We also found increased H3K9me2 at genes targeted by the ALG-3/4-dependent small RNAs and repeat regions. Our results suggest that ectopic H3K9me2 in dot-1.1(−) could, in some cases, be induced by small RNAs.
An Investigation on Structural and Optical Properties of Zn1−xMgxS Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Co-Sputtering Technique
Authors: Bashar Muhammad Shahriar , Yusoff Yulisa , Abdullah Siti Fazlili , Rahaman Mashudur , Chelvanathan Puvaneswaran , Gafur Abdul , Ahmed Farid , Akhtaruzzaman Md , Amin Nowshad
Published: August 2020

In this paper, Zn1−xMgxS thin films were co-sputtered on glass substrates using ZnS and MgS binary target materials under various applied RF power. The compositional ratio of Zn1−xMgxS films was varied by changing the RF power at an elevated temperature of 200 °C. The structural and optical properties were studied in detail. The structural analysis shows that the co-sputtered Zn1−xMgxS thin films have a cubic phase with preferred orientation along the (111) plane. The lattice constant and ionicity suggest the presence of a zincblende structure in Zn1−xMgxS thin films. Zn1−xMgxS thin films have transmittance over 76%. The extrapolation of optical characteristics indicates that direct bandgaps, ranging from 4.39 to 3.25 eV, have been achieved for the grown Zn1−xMgxS films, which are desirable for buffer or window layers of thin film photovoltaics.
Influence of Fine Crystal Percentage on the Electrical Properties of ZnO Ceramic-Based Varistors
Authors: Aljaafari Abdullah , Sedky Ahmed
Published: August 2020

Herein, the effect of nanocrystal percentage in bulk-ZnO varistors was studied. The structure of ZnO nanocrystals was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The XRD studies showed that the nanocrystals were indexed with the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO nanostructures. The average crystallite size deduced from XRD analysis ranged between 135 and 273 nm, eight-fold lower than that of the nanoparticles observed in FE-SEM micrographs (1151–2214 nm). The percentage of nanocrystals added into the ZnO varistor was increased from 0 to 100%. Electrical measurements (I–V profiles) showed that the non-linear region, breakdown field, and activation energy were found to decrease with the addition of ZnO fine crystals up to 10% and then increased upon a further increase in fine crystals. However, the electrical conductivity measured at room temperature was improved, and the highest value of 2.11 × 10−5 was observed for 10% fine crystals and then decreased upon a further increase in the fine crystal concentration in bulk ZnO. The breakdown field decreased with the increase in the percentage of ZnO nanostructures in the varistor up to 10% and then increased upon the further addition of ZnO nanostructures. The nonlinear coefficient (α) was decreased from 18.6 for bulk ZnO and remained close to unity for the samples that contained fine crystals. The electrical conductivity was generally improved with the increase in the concentration of the ZnO fine crystals. The activation energy was found to be 128, 374, and 815 meV for the bulk samples and 164, 369, and 811 meV for the samples that contained 100% fine crystals for the three temperature regions of 300–420, 420–580, and 580–620 K, respectively. These results will provide a pathway toward the determination of a correlation between the electrical and microstructural properties of ZnO-based varistors for future device applications.
An Early Bioinvasion in the Azores. Global Circulation and Local Dynamics (1840s–1860s) in Response to the Brown Soft-Scale Coccus hesperidum
Authors: Queiroz Ana Isabel
Published: August 2020

Bioinvasions occurred in the past as they do in the present, raising a set of ecological, economic, cultural and scientific changes. This paper focuses on how people dealt with and overcame the introduction and spread of the brown soft scale (Coccus hesperidum) in the Azorean orange groves in the 1840s–1860s. It describes the difficulties in the detection and the identification of the causal agent, the underestimation of the impacts in the early moments, the slow response and the limitations on methods of control. This is the earliest historical case of a plant pest documented in the Azores archipelago and the first that led to regulations concerning preventive measures and control. Research results are discussed in the framework of the global transfer of living organisms, rethinking Crosby’s original model of “Europeanizing” the colonial and overseas territories in the context of the nineteenth century empires. They highlight the relevance of understanding local dynamics, which reconsider the relationship between the center and the periphery.
Impact of Axial Eye Size on Retinal Microvasculature Density in the Macular Region
Authors: Khan M. Hafi , Lam Andrew K. C. , Armitage James A. , Hanna Lisa , To Chi-ho , Gentle Alex
Published: August 2020

Mechanical tissue stresses are important contributors to the increased risk of sight-threatening pathology in larger, more myopic eyes. The contribution of altered ocular vasculature to the development of this pathology is less well defined. The current study investigated the impact of eye size on the superficial vasculature of the macula. Subjects (n = 104) aged 18–50, with no history of ocular or vascular disease, or myopia control, were recruited from university staff and student populations in Australia and Hong Kong. Refractive error, ocular size, retinal morphology and vascular morphology were quantified through open field autorefraction, ocular biometry and ocular coherence tomography angiography. Morphology of the superficial retinal capillary plexus was assessed over a 3 × 3 mm fovea-centred area. Perfusion area and vessel length densities were analysed relative to axial eye length and retinal thickness. A significant inverse association was found between axial length and vascular density measures (perfusion area density r2 = 0.186, p < 0.001; and vessel length density r2 = 0.102, p = 0.001). Perfusion area and vessel length densities were reduced by 5.8% (p = 0.001) in the longest, relative to the shortest, eyes. The aggregated ganglion cell layer inner plexiform layer thickness was also inversely associated with eye size (r2 = 0.083, p = 0.003), and reduced, by 8.1% (p < 0.001), in the longest eyes. An inverse association of eye size and superficial retinal vasculature density, that is not simply explained by retinal expansion or image magnification factors, was confirmed. These data support the hypothesis that ongoing metabolic challenges may underlie the development of myopia-related and -associated pathology in larger eyes.
Relationship between Tube Parameters and Corneal Endothelial Cell Damage after Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Lee Han Min , Kim Kyoung Nam , Park Kee Sup , Lee Nam Ho , Lee Sung Bok , Kim Chang-Sik
Published: August 2020

Purpose: We compared the clinical factors, including anterior chamber tube parameters, in patients with and without corneal endothelial cell damage after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. Methods: In this retrospective and comparative case series, patients who underwent AGV implantation were enrolled consecutively. Serial specular microscopy was performed before and after AGV implantation. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether there was a significant decrease in corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), which was determined by each patient’s rate of ECD change (%/year), calculated using linear regression analyses. Tube parameters such as the tube-cornea distance (TCD) and tube-cornea angle (TCA) were measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Clinical factors related to the rate of ECD change were evaluated with regression analyses and compared between the two groups. The tipping point at which tube parameters became significantly associated with the rate of ECD change was identified with broken stick regression analyses. Results: There were 30 eyes (32.3%) with ECD damage (group 1) and 63 eyes (67.7%) without damage (group 2). The mean rate of ECD change (%/year) was −18.82 ± 22.97 and 2.14 ± 2.93 in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001). The TCA was the only clinical factor associated with the rate of ECD change (regression coefficient, β = 1.254, p < 0.001). The tipping point in the TCA was 26.70° (95% confidence interval, CI: 23.75–29.64°). The mean TCD (mm) was 0.98 ± 0.38 and 1.26 ± 0.39 (p = 0.002), and the mean TCA (degrees) was 28.67 ± 7.79 and 36.35 ± 5.35 (p < 0.001) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusions: A wider TCA was protectively associated with the rate of ECD change, and the TCA was significantly narrower in patients with ECD damage. When inserting a tube into the anterior chamber, surgeons should therefore try to secure a wide TCA of about 30°. In patients with a narrow TCA after AGV implantation, increased attention should be directed toward whether ECD decreases continuously.
Influenza D Virus: The Most Discreet (for the Moment?) of the Influenza Viruses
Authors: Falchi Alessandra
Published: August 2020

The review of Kumari et al [...]
Optimization of Anodization Parameters in Ti-30Ta Alloy
Authors: Capellato Patricia , Sachs Daniela , Vasconcelos Lucas V. B. , Melo Miriam M. , Silva Gilbert , Ranieri Maria G. A. , Zavaglia Cecilia A. de C. , Nakazato Roberto Z. , Claro Ana P. R. Alves
Published: August 2020

The current metallic biomaterial still presents failures associated with the bulk alloy and the interface of material/human body. In previous studies, titanium alloy with tantalum showed the elastic modulus decrease in comparison with that of commercially pure (cp) titanium. In this study, surface modification on Ti-30Ta alloy was investigated. Titanium and tantalum were melted, homogenized, cold-worked by a rotary swaging process and solubilized. The anodization process was performed in electrolyte contained glycerol + NH4F 0.25% at 30 V using seven different durations—4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, 9 h, and 10 h and annealed at 530 °C for 1 h. The surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and contact angle. From the results, we conclude the time of anodization process influences the shape and morphology of the anodized layer. The 5 h-anodization process produced a smooth and porous surface. The 4-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-h conditions showed nanotubes morphology. All surfaces are hydrophilic (<90°). Likewise, all the investigated conditions present anatase phase. So, this surface modification presents potential for biomedical application. However, more work needs to be done to better understand the influence of time on the anodization process.
Systematic Literature Review: Integration of Additive Manufacturing and Industry 4.0
Authors: Hernandez Korner Mario Enrique , Lambán María Pilar , Albajez José Antonio , Santolaria Jorge , Ng Corrales Lisbeth del Carmen , Royo Jesús
Published: August 2020

The research trend in additive manufacturing (AM) has evolved over the past 30 years, from patents, advances in the design, and layer-by-layer materials, to technologies. However, this evolution is faced with some barriers, such as the implementation of additive manufacturing (AM) in operations, its productivity limitations, and economic and social sustainability. These barriers need to be overcome in order to realize the full potential of AM. The objective of this study is to analyze the bibliometric data on these barriers through a systematic review in two study areas: business model innovation and sustainability in AM from Industry 4.0 perspective. Using the most common keywords in these two study areas, we performed a search on the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases and filtered the results using some inclusion and exclusion criteria. A bibliometric analysis was performed for authorship productivity, journals, the most common keywords, and the identified research clusters in the study areas. For the bibliometric analysis, the BIBEXCEL software was used to extract the relevant information, and Bibliometrix was used to determine the research trend over the past few years. Finally, a literature review was performed to identify future trends in the study areas. The analysis showed evidence of the relationship between the study areas from a bibliometric perspective and areas related to AM as an enabler for Industry 4.0.
CONSTITUIÇÃO E LEI DE CRIMES AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Saleme Edson Ricardo , Bonavides Renata Soares
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho pretende viabilizar um melhor entendimento do que se pode ter em termos de crimes ambientais. Também se estudarão aqui as circunstâncias atenuantes e agravantes e como elas devem ser levadas em consideração na dosimetria da pena para que se atinja o propósito repressivo e repressivo que o legislador pensou ter a Lei de Crimes Ambientais. Questiona-se a vantagem na decretação em áreas passíveis de regularização. O método científico a ser aqui utilizado será o hipotético-dedutivo a fim de se expor hipóteses de maneira a expressar dificuldades próprias do problema para que se deduzam consequências que podem ser testadas ou falseadas no processo expositivo. O procedimento técnico será o levantamento documental histórico e bibliográfico a fim de embasar o que se exporá. Considerando a criminalização de condutas omissivas ou comissivas a partir da subsunção de fatos típicos criminais indicados na norma, a Lei nº 9.605 de 1998, possui em seu conteúdo mecanismos próprios a fim de se abrandar penas. Essa atenuação seria dirigida a grupo de pessoas ou ações próprias capazes de coibir um dano maior ao ambiente, conforme será referido neste artigo.
Presence of Equine Infectious Anemia in Work Horses in San Andrés Itzapa, Chimaltenango, Guatemala
Authors: Sandy Stephanie García-García , Juan José Chávez-López , Daniela Mariel Villatoro-Chacón
Published: August 2020

Equine infectious anemia (IEA) is a worldwide distribution disease caused by a lentivirus associated with the presence of transmitting vectors of the gender Tabanus and equines by producing anemia and consequently hypoxia that produces a multi-organ deterioration. The presence of AIE in the working equine of San Andrés Itzapa, Chimaltenango was evaluated. This in order to assess the presence of the disease since this group of equines is part of the food security of the community. 100 blood samples were analyzed using the gel agar immunodi-fusion test. The presence of the disease was found in 8% of the sampled animals. The prevalence was higher in females than in males. The mean age of the horses sampled was 5 years. The mean body condition of the study population was 2. The presence of the disease in the study population should be evaluated and considered as a starting point for the implementation of control and prevention measures given the vector spread of the disease. -age and the impact on the community due to the zootechnical function of the sampled animals.
Children’s Rights under Threat: Reflection from Emergencies Situation in Indonesia
Authors: Widiastuti Dini
Published: August 2020

In time of emergency, gender based and sexual violence are common occurrence, including in the form of child marriage; schooling is disrupted for a considerable period of time and children are falling behind in their education and they have less opportunity to be together and play with their friends; plus, sexual and reproductive health are not normally receiving adequate attention. Participation of children and adolescents, boys and girls, is not only a matter of fulfillment of child rights but is in fact central for the success of humanitarian response. This writing attempts to analyse the impact of disaster on the fulfillment of child rights, especially the rights to protection and free from violence, education, health, play and participation and be heard, by using the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as the framework. Gender, inequality and vulnerability lens are used as analytical tools. The method used is literature study, whilst the data and learning from the two major disasters in Indonesia occurred in 2018, the earthquake in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara province and earthquake, tsunami & liquefaction in Central Sulawesi province are used as the main materials for analysis.
Why Is It Not See Everything A-50 - Heavenly Eyes And Ears Of Russia
Authors: Dzunda Milan , Dzurovcin Peter
Published: August 2020

In this paper we analyze of the A 50 air defense system. Attention we paid to shielding the radar signals of the " Шмель " system. We present the individual stages of the construction of the system, its purpose and basic technical data. At the beginning of 2011, the Russian aircraft detection and guidance systems entered a new era thanks to the commissioning of the long-awaited modernized A-50U OKB Beriev aircraft. By mid-2013, two A-50Us were in operation, the third was expected by the end of the year and the fourth is planned to be commissioned in 2014. The modernization of the A-50 can be seen as a huge leap forward for the Air Force, which finally put computers into operation 21st century display systems paired with powerful radar.
Uczyć na miarę naszych czasów. Nowe technologie na lekcjach języka obcego w nauczaniu początkowym
Authors: Adamczewski Jakub
Published: August 2020

Celem przedstawionego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie rozwiązań ­opartych na nowych technologiach w celu skuteczniejszego nauczania języków obcych w nauczaniu początkowym. Na podstawie raportów z badań oraz literatury proponuję zestaw aplikacji oraz stron internetowych do pracy z uczniem w wieku wczesnoszkolnym. Uwzględniając możliwości rozwojowe dziecka oraz podstawę programową w kontekście edukacji językowej; prezentuję przykładowe działania z wymienionymi narzędziami. Artykuł ma spełnić funkcję informacyjną oraz edukacyjną w kontekście organizowania przez nauczyciela procesu lekcyjnego z uwzględnieniem współczesnych udogodnień technologicznych. Zmiany zachodzące w polskiej edukacji pozwalają na włączanie nowych metod do codziennego nauczania; walcząc o uwagę i zaangażowanie uczniów. Szkoły powinny być miejscem pionierskiego odkrywania nowych technologii; by jeszcze lepiej realizować podstawę programową i ożywiać treści programowe w kontakcie z uczniami. W ten sposób polscy uczniowie mają możliwość zdobycia kompetencji językowych; które są niezbędne we współczesnym; cyfrowym świecie. Bycie „cyfrowym imigrantem i tubylcem” stało się faktem; który jako nauczyciele możemy wykorzystać; by świadomiej korzystać z udogodnień cywilizacyjnych w szkole.
Uczeń ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi z perspektywy czterech dekad
Authors: Młynek Patrycja Aurelia
Published: August 2020

Celem przeprowadzonych rozważań była próba ukazania przemian w postrzeganiu uczniów o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych oraz organizacji ich procesu kształcenia. Badania empiryczne obejmowały problematykę obecnie występujących trudności w codziennej pracy z uczniem o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych w opinii nauczycieli. Wykorzystaną metodą badawczą był sondaż diagnostyczny z techniką ankiety. Dokonując analizy otrzymanych wyników pod kątem istotności występującej zależności; wykorzystano test chi kwadrat. W badaniu wzięło udział 83 nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej szkół publicznych. Uzyskane wyniki badań ukazały obecnie występujące problemy realizacji kształcenia odpowiadającego wymaganiom uczniów o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych. Jak wynika z uzyskanych odpowiedzi; głównym problemem uniemożliwiającym właściwą realizację indywidualnych zaleceń jest zbyt duża liczba uczniów o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych w jednym oddziale. Dokonana analiza sytuacji tychże uczniów z perspektywy czterech dekad; a więc od momentu definiowania pojęcia specjalnych potrzeb edukacyjnych; jak również ukazanie współczesnych problemów rzeczywistości szkolnej stanowią punkt wyjścia do rozpoczęcia nowej dyskusji nad wprowadzaniem zmian; które ponownie udoskonalą edukację ucznia o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych.
Desarrollo social sostenible y complejidad como ejes de la educación ambiental
Authors: Luna Conejo Margarita Berenice
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo, cuyo propósito es presentar un análisis y revisión documental de la complejidad y el desarrollo social sostenible como ejes y su impacto en la educación ambiental. Problema: el deterioro ambiental que caracteriza la devastación del planeta por medio del cambio climático, el cual pone en riesgo a la humanidad, por lo cual cobra importancia un cambio de paradigma en las personas en su forma de pensar. Se presenta un análisis documental desde la transformación de educación ambiental contemporánea, donde la complejidad ambiental como eje del desarrollo social sostenible, serviría para provocar cambios en las personas para que tengan consciencia sobre el cuidado del otro, con el uso y consumo de bienes de forma moderada de los recursos naturales, para la preservación de las generaciones futuras. Dentro de la educación ambiental se debe de utilizar una ontología donde los procesos formativos se dan entre lo social, económico y cultural, estos sustentan las relaciones que se dan entre estos.
Impacto de un programa personalizado de educación en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2
Authors: Medina Adriana , Ellis Acosta Edgar Javier , Ocampo Diego Fernando
Published: August 2020

Los programas de educación en diabetes han logrado demostrar el beneficio en el control metabólico.

Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de un programa personalizado de educación para pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 en seguimiento a seis meses, en el Hospital de San José. Bogotá.

Metodología: se condujo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo a partir de los registros de pacientes adultos con diabetes tipo 2, que ingresaron al programa educativo entre enero 2011 y febrero 2012.

Se realizaron intervenciones personalizadas y grupales con un equipo multidisciplinario liderado por médico endocrinólogo. Se compara el control metabólico al ingreso al programa y en el seguimiento al sexto mes según las metas propuestas por la ADA y ATP III.

Resultados: ingresaron al programa 115 pacientes, edad promedio de 61.1 años (DE 8.7); tiempo mediano de diagnóstico 10.5 años (RIQ 4-17.5), 43.9% de los hombres y 54% de las mujeres tenían más de 10 años de evolución. El 33.3% de los hombres y 55.4% mujeres presentaban obesidad. Los pacientes en metas de hemoglobina glicosilada A1c (HbA1c) en el seguimiento a seis meses, pasó de 10.4% al ingreso a 51%, colesterol LDL de 41.9 a 47.1%, HDL de 46.3 a 62.5% y triglicéridos de 25.6 a 50%. Las pérdidas en el seguimiento fueron de 48.9%. Se documentó asociación entre el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad (≤ 5 años) y las metas de HbA1c (p 0.005).

Conclusión: la experiencia en seguimiento a corto plazo de un programa educativo personalizado guiado por médico endocrinólogo y un equipo multidisciplinario favorece el control metabólico en pacientes diabéticos
Leadership and Governance: Dilemma of Agricultural Development in Nigeria
Authors: Balogun O.L. , Ayantoye K , Akinwole O.T. , Alabi O.S.
Published: August 2020

Agriculture contributes immensely to the Nigerian economy in various ways; namely, in the provision of food for the increasing population; supply of adequate raw materials to a growing industrial sector; a major source of employment; generation of foreign exchange earnings; and provision of a market for the products of the industrial sector among others. It has been observed that African agriculture remains largely traditional and concentrated in the hands of smallholders and pastoralists, and the neglect of agriculture has resulted to the mass exodus of rural dwellers to urban, thereby qualitatively and quantitatively depopulated rural areas making it less attractive for socio-economic investment. This paper reviews the roles of leadership and governance in agricultural development in Nigeria. It discusses the problems and challenges posed by these and government responses to leadership and governance dilemma in agriculture in the country. The paper concludes that good leadership and governance are important for agricultural growth and development. Reversing the current state of Nigeria’s agriculture is more than just a technical issue, but structural change and better way of managing our resources. There is also the need for a sound political climate to generate a strong and collective political will. The political leadership must also change and must be armed with the right mental capacity, discipline, integrity and positive political will.
Assessing the Developmental Impact of Poverty Eradication Programmes in Sokoto State, Nigeria
Authors: Dansabo Muhammad Tasiu
Published: August 2020

The study assessed the developmental impact of poverty eradication programmes in Sokoto state with particular reference to three poverty eradication programmes notably, National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP), Sokoto State Poverty Reduction Agency (SPORA) and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) project. This is with a view to investigating the degree to which the said programmes have had developmental implications vis-à-vis the target population. Using survey methods expressed in the utility of a total of 1888 household questionnaires that were personally administered, which covered the household survey; and interview (in-depth) guides designed for the key informants’ interviews in addition to focused group discussions, the study collected useful research information. Results from analysis of collected data showed that developmental impact of poverty eradication programmes proves insignificant at 0.324 which is greater than 0.05. This is due largely to the fact that chronic poverty has impacted negatively on the performance of the programmes in Sokoto state. The study concludes that among others, poverty reduction cannot be achieved through government interventions only, and that the three projects (NAPEP, SPORA and MDGs) have only marginally impacted on the development of Sokoto State as many respondents indicated. The data revealed that poverty has increased over the last ten years, as more than half of the respondents endorsed in favour of the stand implying that poverty in the State is not only widespread but chronic. In the same vein, the study has revealed that the projects are not sustainable. Based on the findings and conclusions presented above, the research recommends thus, in Sokoto today there is an urgent need to review the mode of execution of the three poverty reduction programmes. The approach of the poverty reduction programmes from the top needs to be revised. The target beneficiaries need to be involved in the policy formulation so that beneficiaries get what they want which will in turn lead to overall socio-economic development of the state. The poor should therefore be involved in all the programmes’ phases. There is the need to extend the bottom-up concept to include direct participation of benefiting communities in project identification.
Household Strategies for Coping with the Financial Costs of Health Care in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Garuba Stanley A. , Owumi Bernard E.
Published: August 2020

The cross-sectional survey design was used in the study to elicit data in Edo State, Nigeria to assess the strategies employed by households to cope with the financial costs of healthcare. Questionnaire data were collected from 508 household respondents in three randomly-selected Local Government Areas of the state including Esan-west, Etsako-west and Egor. Twelve Focus Group Discussions complemented survey data. The main strategies to cope with the financial costs of health care were mobilization of cash and savings (40.5%), and sale of produce and assets (16.0%). Level of income was a significant factors affecting the ability to mobilize cash and savings to cope with the financial costs of health care (X2 = 31.787, 4df, p<0.05, critical value = 9.49). Diversion of money intended for food, education, and clothes to cope with the financial costs of health care was common, relatively, to respondents with low income level (X2 = 13.050, 4df, p<0.05, critical value = 9.94). The findings of the study indicate that urban households have the ability to cope with the financial costs of health care, than rural households. It is therefore imperative that government should not only make healthcare facilities available but should also alleviate poverty in society to enable people defray the cost of healthcare with minimal effort.
Influence of the composition of the culture media on the development of sporofites Osmunda regalis L. in vitro
Authors: Malyarovskaya V. I. , Rakhmangulov R. S. , Koninskaya N. G.
Published: August 2020

One of the important stages for the propagation of the rare endangered fern Osmunda regalis L. through spores is the regeneration of sporophytes from gametophytes at in vitro culture. The article shows that the effective formation of O. regalis sporophytes occurred earlier (after 60 days) and in a larger percentage (51.6%) on a culture medium with a lower salt content % MS, and the exclusion of ammonium nitrate and vitamins from the medium is significantly enhanced the growth of sporophytes, compared with other variants of media and control.