bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of del Nido cardioplegia versus blood cardioplegia in isolate coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Lee Soojin , Jung Joon Chul , Chang Hyoung Woo , Lee Jae Hang , Kim Dong Jung , Kim Jun Sung , Lim Cheong
Published: March 2024

Background: This study examined the efficacy of del Nido cardioplegia compared with traditional blood cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting by evaluating the early postoperative outcomes.
Methods: A total of 119 patients who underwent isolated conventional coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled and divided into two groups (del Nido cardioplegia group [n=36] and blood cardioplegia group [n=50]) based on the type of cardioplegia used. This study compared the preoperative characteristics, intraoperative data, and early postoperative outcomes. Further subgroup analyses were conducted for high-risk patient groups.
Results: The 30-day mortality and morbidity rates were not significantly different between groups. The del Nido cardioplegia group exhibited advantageous myocardial protection outcomes, demonstrated by a significantly smaller rise in Troponin I levels post-surgery (2.8 [-0.4; 4.2] vs 4.5 [2.9; 7.4] ng/mL, p = 0.004) and fewer defibrillation attempts during weaning off of cardiopulmonary bypass (0.0 ± 0.2 vs 0.4 ± 1.1 times, p = 0.011) when compared to the blood cardioplegia group. Additionally, the del Nido group achieved a reduction in surgery duration, as evidenced by the reduced aortic cross-clamping time (64.0 [55.5; 75.5] vs. 77.5 [65.0; 91.0] min, p = 0.001) and total operative time (287.5 [270.0; 305.0] vs. 315.0 [285.0; 365.0] min, p = 0.008). Subgroup analyses consistently demonstrated that the del Nido cardioplegia group had a significantly smaller postoperative increase in Troponin I levels across all subgroups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: del Nido cardioplegia provided myocardial protection and favorable early postoperative outcomes comparable to blood cardioplegia, making it a viable option for conventional coronary artery bypass grafting.
Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Who are the super-expanders?
Authors: Koch Sebastian , Shammassian Berje H , Merenda Amedeo , Zhou Lili , Sur Nicole B. , Gordon-Perue Gilian , Alkhachroum Ayham
Published: March 2024

Background
Hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a predictor of poor outcome and remains an important therapeutic target. Little is known about the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with severe hematoma expansion, who we hereafter label as super-expanders.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed baseline clinical and radiological features in consecutive ICH patients admitted over a three-year period to a comprehensive stroke center. Hematoma expansion was defined conventionally as a > 33% increase in hematoma volume or a > 6ml increase in absolute hematoma volume between the baseline and 24h follow brain CT. Severe hematoma expansion was defined as a > 50% increase in ICH volume associated with a decrease in the Glasgow Coma Scale of at least four points. We used Random Forest (RF) to generate importance plots searching for the determinants of super-expanders in ICH. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression model was done to examine independent factors associated with super-expanders.
Results
We analyzed 417 cases. Hematoma expansion, defined conventionally, occurred in 97/417 (23%) patients of which 15/417 (4%) were super-expanders. In the univariate analysis, super-expanders were more likely to have a lobar hemorrhage, a spot sign and had increased in-hospital mortality. Using the Random Forrest analysis, age, platelet count and presence of a spot-sign emerged as important determinants of super-expansion. In a multivariable model, only spot sign was an independent predictor for super expansion [Age (OR = 1.43, CI = 0.61, 3.37), spot sign (OR = 6.25, CI = 2.30–17.00), lobar location (OR = 4.63, CI = 0.92–23.42)].
Conclusion
We describe a low incidence of 4% of severe hematoma expansion in ICH. Age, platelets count, and the spot sign were important determinants of the super-expanders. We encourage further investigations into the early identification of super-expanders who arguably have the most to benefit from aggressive interventions.
Perioperative albumin drop is a marker for surgical stress and correlate with clinical outcomes in the elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures
Authors: Wang Yingqiu , Liu Weiwei , Li Bo , Wei Xuan
Published: March 2024

Background
This single-center retrospective study investigated the correlation between the drop of perioperative albumin and clinical outcomes in the elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures (FNF).
Methods
We investigated 278 patients 65 years of age or older who had undergone hip arthroplasty with FNF between January 2021 and March 2023. Albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and hemoglobin were monitored on preoperation, postoperative day-0, day-1 and day-7. The decrease of perioperative albumin (ΔAlb) was calculated by subtracting the value on day-0 from preoperation. Then patients were divided into two groups based on the ΔAlb values, with ΔAlb < 0.5 g/dL and ΔAlb ≥ 0.5 g/dL in group 1 and group 2, respectively.
Results
The albumin declined 0.8 g/dL from preoperation to day-1 and slowly increased by 0.3 g/dL from day-1 to day-7. The patients in group 2 had longer duration of surgery (75 minutes vs 65 minutes, P = 0.028), more intraoperative blood loss (246.7 ± 78.4 mL vs 201.5 ± 59.8 mL, P = 0.031) and changes of CRP (75.2 ± 48.1 mg/L vs 54.9 ± 44.9 mg/L, P = 0.003) comparing with the patients in group 1. Patients in group 2 had higher prevalences of postoperative complications (hypoalbuminemia: 94% vs 15%, moderate-severe anaemia: 60% vs 40%, P < 0.05) and longer postoperative length of stay (14 days vs 13 days, P = 0.045). The ΔAlb value was correlated with the duration of surgery (r= 0.3, P < 0.001), intraoperative blood loss (r = 0.2, P< 0.001), ΔCRP (r = 0.4, P < 0.001) and postoperative LOS (r= 0.2, P = 0.003).
Conclusions
The levels of albumin decreased significantly after surgery, while the CRP increased. Further, the perioperative albumin drop was a marker for surgical stress and correlated with adverse clinical outcomes.
Food macroalgae: scoping review of aspects related to research and consumption
Authors: Silva Lara Juliane Guedes da , Souza Alice Medeiros , Lopes Priscila F. M. , Jacob Michelle Cristine Medeiros
Published: March 2024

The escalating concern over food insecurity, micronutrient deficiencies, and the environmental impacts associated with current dietary practices has intensified research into sustainable food alternatives. This study, through a comprehensive scoping review, assessed the potential of macroalgae as a component of sustainable diets, examining its nutritional profile, contaminant levels, and the socio-economic and psychological factors influencing its consumption. Utilizing three major electronic databases—Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, and Scopus—we reviewed original articles in English, Spanish, or Portuguese without time restrictions and supplemented these with grey literature. After thorough screening and exclusion, 32 out of 473 articles were deemed suitable for inclusion. Our findings highlight 40 unique species of edible macroalgae, underscoring their potential to enhance human diets with crucial nutrients such as proteins, vitamin B12, and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Despite the nutritional promise of macroalgae, concerns regarding the bioavailability of these nutrients and the health risks posed by contaminants like heavy metals must be addressed. Furthermore, levels of education and food neophobia emerged as significant factors explaining algae consumption and avoidance. The remarkable diversity of edible macroalgae represents a substantial yet underutilized opportunity to promote more sustainable diets. Integration of additional evidence regarding food safety, nutrition, and sociocultural aspects of consumption is needed.
Diverse cell death signature based subtypes predict the prognosis and immune characteristics within glioma
Authors: Wang Lin , Song Jia , Xu Jing , Qin Yidan , Li Jia , Sun Yajuan , Jin Hui , Chen Jiajun , Wang Ziqian
Published: March 2024

Background. Cell death plays an essential role in the pathogenesis, progression, drug resistance and recurrence of glioma. Although multiple cell death pathways are involved in glioma development, there is lack of a stratification and prognostic modelling for glioma based on the integration of diverse genes for cell deaths.
Methods. In this study, 1254 diverse cell death (DCD)-related genes were assessed using the ConsensusClusterPlus assessment to identify DCD patterns in glioma. CIBERSORT, ssGSEA, and ESTIMATE algorithms were applied to evaluate immune microenvironment differences between subtypes. LASSO Cox regression was used to screen prognosis-related DCD genes, and a risk scoremodel was constructed. TMB, TIDE, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy response was analyzed to evaluate the immune characteristics.
Results. Two DCD-related subgroups named Clusters 1 and 2, with distinct DCD levels, immune characteristics, and prognoses,were determined from glioma samples. A DCD-basedrisk scoremodel was developed to assess DCD levels in glioma patients and divide patients into high- and low-risk groups. We found this risk model can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma patients. Notably, glioma patients with low risk scoresexhibited subdued DCD activity, prolonged survival,and a favorable disposition towards benefiting from immune checkpoint blockade therapies.
Conclusions. This study established a novel signature classification and a risk model by comprehensively analyzing patterns of various DCDs to stratify glioma patients and to predict the prognosis and immune characteristics of glioma. We provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of DCD-related genes in glioma prognosis and immunotherapy.
Low PGⅡ levels may indicate an increased risk of gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia in outpatients experiencing stomach discomfort: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Xunlei Pang , Chen Song , Zhang Li , Li Li , Wang Yanhong , Fei Sujuan
Published: March 2024

Background and aims
Limited research has been conducted on the correlation between pepsinogen (PG)Ⅱ and gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia (GIM) among individuals seeking medical attention for stomach-related issues. The objective of this retrospective cross-sectional analysis was to identify key factors associated with GIM development and explore the connection between PGⅡ levels and GIM among outpatients experiencing stomach discomfort.
Methods
Participants with stomach discomfort, who were not utilizing any medication to suppress stomach acid, were enrolled in the study. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the association between 14 potential factors, encompassing lifestyle choices, and the occurrence of GIM within this research.
Results
In multivariate analysis, males (odds ratio [OR], 1.568; p = 0.013), low PGⅡ levels (OR, 0.975; p = 0.025) and the eradication history of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) (OR, 1.549; p = 0.020) were identified as risk factors for the prevalence of GIM. After adjusting for PGⅡ levels, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of GIM between males with high and low PGⅡ compared to females with high PGⅡ levels (OR 2.075 and 1.336; p = 0.005 and 0.001). There was also a significant difference in the prevalence of GIM between females with low and high PGⅡ levels (OR 1.349; p = 0.021). Among individuals with higher PGII levels, the prevalence of GIM was significantly different between females without an Hp eradiation history and males with or without eradication history (OR, 1.408 and 1.368; p = 0.016 and 0.043, respectively ). Among individuals with lower PGⅡ levels, the prevalence of GIM was significantly different between females without an Hp eradication history, females with eradication history, and males with eradication history(OR, 1.545 and 1.463; p = 0.030 and 0.005 ) .
Conclusion
Males, those with low PGⅡ levels, and individuals with a history of Hp eradication could be significant predictors for GIM in outpatients experiencing stomach discomfort. Low PGⅡ levels may indicate an increased risk of GIM in outpatients experiencing stomach discomfort.
The Roles of Attitudes Toward Suicide in Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among Chinese College Students: A Structural Equation Modeling Study
Authors: Lyu Shunyan , Guo Zixuan , Jiang Yanan , Li Yu
Published: March 2024

Attitudes toward suicide are complex and multifaceted, and their predictive roles in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are not well understood. Elaborating on attitudes toward suicide can help contribute to suicide prevention. The current study examined whether and how attitudes toward suicide are involved in the ideation-to-action framework of suicide among college students. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 1427 Chinese college students (mean age, 22.42 years), of whom 570 reported suicidal ideation. Participants completed questionnaires to assess their endorsed attitude toward suicide, stigmatized attitude toward suicide, self-stigma toward suicide, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Structural equation modeling revealed that the associations between the three types of attitudes, i.e., endorsed attitude, stigmatized attitude, and self-stigma, and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were fully or partially mediated by depression. The results suggested that attitudes towards suicide significantly influence suicidal behaviors and future suicide prevention efforts should consider these influences.
Impact on the environment resulting from the incorporation of the "48-Hour Fasting" regimen as a novel dietary practice in the current context of energy, illustrated through the case of Morocco
Authors: Othmane Echarradi , Fahoume Mounir
Published: March 2024

Confronted with the myriad challenges currently confronting the world, or those that may emerge in the very near future, pressing questions are emerging from the minds of all those with benevolent intentions. These inquiries primarily revolve around issues related to energy and the environment, extending to the food security of around 8 billion human beings on Earth. Given the gravity of these overarching threats, decisive and immediate action is imperative. Although a wealth of ideas exists, the crux lies in the amalgamation of these ideas and a genuine commitment on our part, serving as the key to a future that is less shrouded in uncertainty. It is within this framework that this work underscores the potential of a highly specific dietary approach in mitigating the detrimental impact of human activity on planet Earth. While this study may depict a form of objectification of human beings, possibly prompting individuals to idealize themselves and pursue exceptionally challenging goals, it also serves as a powerful symbol of the right to information. Its purpose is to raise public awareness of such realities. This study emphasizes the need for an open-minded approach and, crucially, underscores the importance of medical expertise, as human health is inherently complex and varies on a case-by-case basis, extending beyond mere statistical analysis.
Study the effects of machining parameters on the surface characteristics of aluminum-magnesium alloy with different nose radiuses
Authors: Aljaly Khaled Abd alwahab
Published: March 2024

The main objective of this study is to optimize the CNC turning parameters that give the fine surface characteristics of aluminum-magnesium alloy (AlMg3). Optimization has been conducted using the response surface methodology. Experiments were carried out on a Samsung PLA25 CNC machine. Three PVD-coated insert cemented carbide cutting tools with nose radiuses were used. The influence on the machining responses of various machining parameters such as the cutting speed, the feed rate, and the depth of cut were examined. In mechanical machining and workpiece surface finish, tool geometry is crucial. the three variables cutting speed (B = 500, 700, and 900 rpm), feed rate (A = 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mm/rev), and depth of cut (C = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm). are known to have a major impact on surface quality, as well as the tool nose radius. An understanding of these ideal parameters would make it easier to save machining costs and enhance surface quality. The Taguchi method was used for the optimization of machining experiments based on a full factorial design, to determine three different parameters and levels, by using orthogonal arrays. The initial objective of this study is to find the optimum parameters based on the best combination (A, B, C) feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut of each nose radius used. Therefore, which of these parameters has the greatest influence on surface roughness.
OSTM-CFAR Detector in Heterogeneous Pareto type II Radar Clutter
Authors: Zebiri Khaled , Mezache Amar
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we propose a non-coherent CFAR decision rule named OSTM-CFAR (Order Statistic Trimmed Mean Constant False Alarm rate) detector in a Pareto type II clutter with unknown scale and shape parameters. This is obtained after adequate selection of two scale invariant functions in the general hypothesis test. The resulting test statistic provides rapid calculation because is independent of any estimation method or numerical integration. Through simulated and real data, CFAR properties of suggested CFAR detector are maintained against both scale and shape parameters of clutter model. Besides, detection probability of both OSTM-CFAR and Bayesian-CFAR procedures are sketched together where the proposed one demonstrates its superiority in presence of interfering targets.
Prognostic impact and immunotherapeutic implications of NETosis-related prognostic model in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Mao Xingjun , Huang Wen , Xue Qing , Zhang Xiaolei
Published: March 2024

Background
The ramifications of necroptosis on the prognostication of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain inadequately expounded.
Methods
A prognostic model delineating the facets of necroptosis in ccRCC was constructed, employing a compendium of algorithms. External validation was effectuated using the E-MTAB-1980 dataset. The exploration of immune infiltration scores was undertaken through the exploitation of multiple algorithms. Single-gene RNA sequencing data were procured from the GSE171306 dataset. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was engaged to scrutinize the differential expression of SLC25A37 across cancer and paracancer tissues, as well as diverse cell lines. Assessments of proliferative and metastatic alterations in 769-P and 786-O cells were accomplished through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and wound healing assays.
Results
The necroptosis-related signature (NRS) emerges as a discerning metric, delineating patients' immune attributes, tumor mutation burden, immunotherapy response, and drug susceptibility. Single-gene RNA sequencing analysis unveils the marked enrichment of SLC25A37 in tumor cells. Concurrently, RT-qPCR discloses the overexpression of SLC25A37 in both ccRCC tissues and cell lines. SLC25A37 knockdown mitigates the proliferative and metastatic propensities of 769-P and 786-O cells, as evidenced by CCK8 and wound healing assays.
Conclusion
The NRS assumes a pivotal role in ascertaining the prognosis, tumor mutation burden, immunotherapy response, drug susceptibility, and immune cell infiltration features of ccRCC patients. SLC25A37 emerges as a putative player in immunosuppressive microenvironments, thereby providing a prospective avenue for the design of innovative immunotherapeutic targets for ccRCC.
A fourth-order nonlinear equation studied by using amultivariate bilinear neural network method
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Hui , Liu Jian-Guo
Published: March 2024

In this work, a more accurate analytical solution of nonlinear par-tial differential equation is sought by setting the generalized activation func-tion in the model of multiple bilinear neural network method. As an example,the 3-2-2-1, 3-2-3-1, 3-3-2-1 and 3-3-3-1 models are selected to study the new(2+1) dimensional nonlinear wave equation equations. Exact analytical so-lutions with arbitrary activation functions are obtained by selecting differentactivation functions and the dynamical properties are demonstrated throughthree-dimensional, two-dimensional and density plots.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 35Q51, 35G99, 33F10
Development and External Validation of a Nomogram to Predict Prognosis of Patients With Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder
Authors: Wei Jufang , Wei Chunmeng , Chen Juan , Zhao Wenpiao , Zhang Xianhui
Published: March 2024

Background
This research aimed to create and validate nomogram predicting overall survival (OS) for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) patients.
Methods
We sourced 15,606 UCB patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The patients were randomized into training (70%) and internal validation (30%) cohorts. In addition, 122 patients from Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region between 2012 and 2022 were selected as the external validation cohort. Utilizing univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we devised nomograms forecasting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS. Several metrics, including the consistency index (C-index), calibration plots, area under the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to validate the validity and clinical utility of the model. Patients were categorized into high- and low-risk profiles, and their survival outcomes were contrasted using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.
Results
Age, marriage, AJCC stage, tumor size, surgery, and chemotherapy were identified as predictors of OS. In the training cohort, internal validation cohort and external validation cohort, the nomogram for predicting OS achieved C-index values of 0.718 (95% CI: 0.712–0.724), 0.714 (95% CI: 0.704–0.724), and 0.725 (95% CI: 0.641–0.809), respectively. In all cohorts, the calibration plots revealed high consistency between actual and predicted values. The nomogram depicted by ROC and DCA showcased superior stability, predictive value, and clinical applicability for 1, 3-, and 5-year OS. The risk stratification delineated patients into low- and high-risk brackets, revealing significant prognostic distinctions (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Based on the SEER database and Chinese data, we developed a reliable nomogram forecasting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS for UCB patients. The model can identifie high-risk patients, aiding clinicians in personalised treatment and prognostic evaluations.
Acute thrombosis of ductus arteriosus aneurysm causing pulmonary artery occlusion in a neonate
Authors: Xie Wen , Chen Zewen , Zhuang Jian , Chen Jimei , Cui Hujun , Zang Xin
Published: March 2024

A 9-day-old male neonate was admitted to our hospital because of an incidentally detected systolic murmur in his regular visit for skin jaundice at a local hospital. Echocardiography showed a large irregular mass located at the bifurcation of the main pulmonary artery (MPA), protruding into the lumen, causing bilateral stenosis and increasing flow velocity, with left PA of 3 m/s and right PA of 3.2 m/s, respectively (Panel A). Cardiac computed tomography (CT) revealed that the mass had homogenous density without contrast enhancement, making it difficult to distinguish from the surrounding thymus tissue (Panel B). For further evaluation, cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) was performed, demonstrating a well-defined lesion (approximately 20 mm × 9 mm) with a filling defect situated between the MPA and the descending aorta (DAO), The lesion was suspected to originate from the ductus arteriosus.
Fine mapping of BhDDL4.1, a major gene controlling the regulation of the deeply lobed leaf trait in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida)
Authors: Bai Wenhui , Wang Peng , Deng Yan , Chen Zhihao , Su Liwen , Cheng Zhikui , Yang Wenrui , Liu Ting , Nong Lifeng , Yang Xiping , Liu Zhengguo
Published: March 2024

Lobed leaves play a vital role in high-density cultivation and breeding of wax gourd. Thus, determining the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of lobed leaves is important. To this end, in this study, we aimed to resequence 105 recombinant inbred lines, constructed using the parental lines, GX-7 and my-1, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf development in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida). Genes associated with lobed leaves in wax gourds were first evaluated via quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. Next, the F2 population was expanded to 2,000 plants for fine mapping and candidate gene analyses. Thus, the candidate area is reduced to 1.129 Mb, located between the markers InDel980 and InDel853. Functional analyses of candidate genes were performed using gene functional annotation, coding sequence analyses, and expression analyses. Among 48 genes in the candidate region, only Bch04G012650 (termed BhDDL4.1) showed differences in expression between two parents. Using sequence differences of previously screened candidate genes, an InDel marker (InDel623) was developed in BhDDL4.1 for molecular marker-assisted breeding of wax gourd, and the accuracy rate was 74.03%. Our results indicate that BhDDL4.1 may play a key role in regulation of the lobed leaf trait; thereby, we provided a theoretical basis for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the lobed leaf trait in wax gourds.
Multi-Neighborhood Simulated Annealing for the Home Healthcare Routing and Scheduling Problem
Authors: Ceschia Sara , Gaspero Luca Di , Rosati Roberto Maria , Schaerf Andrea
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Over time, the focus on supportive and geriatric care has shifted from being predominantly provided in institutional settings like nursing or rest homes to be delivered within the homes of the patients. Trained caregivers now provide home healthcare services by visiting patients in their own homes and carrying out specific services based on each patient's individual needs before moving on to the next patient. Planning such a service involves considering the routing aspect and ensuring synchronization between services and designated time windows for patients.
Methods: To solve the problem, we propose a local search approach that combines different neighborhood operators guided by the Simulated Annealing metaheuristic. Additionally, we introduce a realistic and diverse dataset and a robust and flexible file format based on JSON. This dataset and format have the potential to facilitate future comparisons and analyses.
Results: Our study shows that by appropriately tuning our algorithm in a statistically rigorous manner, it outperforms existing methods on all benchmarks.
Comparative Analysis and Control Design of Two Non-Isolated DC-DC Converters With High Reduction Ratio
Authors: J. Rodriguez-Cortes Christopher. , R. Martinez-Rodriguez Panfilo , M. Sosa-Zuniga Jose , Diego Langarica-Cordoba , Rafael Cisneros-Montoya , Gerardo Vazquez-Guzman , David Reyes-Cruz
Published: March 2024

In this paper, two step-down converters with a high reduction ratio based on the concept of switched inductors and switched capacitors are analyzed, modeled, and controlled. These topologies can achieve a high voltage step-down ratio compared to a conventional buck converter. The proposed topologies have the same conversion ratio in terms of the duty cycle, however, they have different operating principles and thus, different design, modeling, and control strategies must be followed. Therefore, the guidelines for the design of these type of converters are proposed here. Furthermore, to show the benefits of selected topologies, a comparison between them and other topologies with similar voltage ratios is presented. The comparison is carried out regarding the number of semiconductors, number of passive elements and switch electrical stress. Besides, model-based control strategies are proposed for both converters. The modeling process yields a second-order system for the switched-inductor based converter structure; and a fourth-order system for the switched-capacitor based converter. Based on these models, control laws are designed resulting in multi-loop controllers, formed by inner and outer control loops. These control schemes are aimed to guarantee output voltage regulation and therefore, zero steady-state error of the states in each system. Finally, the performance of the proposed control strategies and converters is evaluated on an experimental setup.
Combination of Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise Method with Grid Search to Improve Complexity Using Nash Equilibrium
Authors: Kazemi Uranus , Soleimani Seyfollah
Published: March 2024

One of the important issues in data processing is clustering, the purpose of which is to find similar patterns in the data. Many clustering methods differ in their approaches and similarities. The density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) clustering method is one of the most practical density-based clustering methods that can identify training samples with different shapes, and for this reason, it has many applications in different fields. Although this method has its advantages, it has some weaknesses, such as the lack of proper performance in big data, the difficulty of determining Epsilons (Eps) and the Minimum number of points (Minpts) parameters for optimal clusters, etc. To solve these problems, in this paper, a dynamic method is used to solve the problem of identifying clusters with different densities, and another method is used to increase the speed of the algorithm and reduce the computational complexity. Testing the new method on several sets of data shows that the proposed method has a high efficiency in clustering and outperforms the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) method in terms of complexity and efficiency.
Analyzing the Losses and Gains of a Land Category: Insights from the Total Operating Characteristic
Authors: Bilintoh Thomas Mumuni , Pontius Robert Gilmore , Liu Zhen
Published: March 2024

This manuscript provides guidance concerning how to use the Total Operating Characteristic (TOC) when 1) analyzing change through time, 2) ranking a categorical independent variable, and 3) constraining the extent for a gaining category. The illustrative variable is the marsh land cover category in the Plum Island Ecosystems of northeastern Massachusetts, USA. The data are an elevation map and maps showing land categories water, marsh, and upland at 1938, 1971, and 2013. Marsh lost and gained during 1938 − 1972 and 1972 − 2013 near the edge of marsh. TOC curves show that marsh gained most intensively at intermediate elevations during the first time interval and then had a weaker association with elevation during the second time interval. Marsh gains more intensively from water than from upland during both time intervals. The TOC curves also demonstrate that marsh gains occur where marsh previously lost, a phenomenon called Alternation. Furthermore, eliminating far distances and extreme elevations from the spatial extent decreased the area under the curve (AUC) for distance and increased the AUC for elevation. We invite scientists to use the TOC because TOC is easier to interpret and shows more information than the Relative Operative Characteristic.
Frailty in Patients With IDH-Mutant Gliomas: Experience from a High-Volume Tumor Center
Authors: Bray David P. , Stubbs Nolan M. , Chow Jocelyn , Jahangiri Arman , Nduom Edjah K. , Olson Jeffrey J. , Hoang Kimberly B.
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Gliomas are increasingly diagnosed in an aging population, with treatment outcomes influenced by factors like tumor genetics and patient frailty. This study focused on IDH-mutant gliomas and assessed how frailty affects 30-day readmission and overall survival (OS). We aimed to address a gap in understanding the impact of frailty on this specific glioma subtype.
Methods
136 patients with an IDH mutant glioma between 2007 and 2021 were identified at our institution. High frailty was classified by scores ≥ 1 on the 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) and ≥ 3 on the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Patient and tumor characteristics including age, sex, race, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), Body Mass Index (BMI), tumor type and location, type of operation, and therapy course were recorded. Outcomes measured included 30-day readmission and overall survival (OS). Analysis was conducted utilizing logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier curves.
Results
Of the 136 patients, 52 (38%) had high frailty: 18 with CCI ≥ 3, 34 with mFI-5 ≥ 1. High frailty correlated with increased BMI (CCI: 30.2, mFI-5: 30.1 kg/m2), more neurological deficits (CCI: 61%, mFI-5: 56%), and older age at surgery (CCI: 63, mFI-5: 48 years). Hospital readmission within 30 days occurred in 8 (5.9%) patients. Logistic regression indicated no significant difference in 30-day readmission rates (CCI: p = 0.30, mFI-5: p = 0.62) or median OS between high and low frailty groups. However, patients treated at our institution with newly diagnosed tumors with high mFI-5 had a 6.79 times higher adjusted death hazard than those with low mFI-5 (p = .049).
Conclusion
Our analysis revealed that CCI and mFI-5 were not significantly associated with 30-day nor OS. However, in patients with non-recurrent tumors, there was a significant association of mFI-5 with OS. Further study of frailty with larger cohorts is warranted to enhance prognostication of outcome after neurosurgical treatment.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of broccoli, kale, and cauliflower extracts
Authors: Radünz Marjana , Camargo Taiane Mota , Raphaelli Chirle Oliveira , Radünz André Luiz , Gandra Eliezer Ávila , Zavareze Rosa
Published: March 2024

The consumption of Brassica has been associated with a decrease in chronic non-communicable diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial potential of broccoli, kale, and cauliflower extracts. The extracts were prepared, and characterized, and the antioxidant potential was evaluated against three the radicals while the antimicrobial potential was analyzed by three techniques against four bacteria. Extracts present in their composition glucosinolates and phenolic compounds. The inhibition of the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil was high in all extracts. The broccoli and cauliflower extracts showed inhibition activity of hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide. The disk diffusion showed that the broccoli and cauliflower extract were active against three bacteria, while the kale extract showed active halos for gram-negative bacteria. Kale extract had an inhibitory effect against gram-positive bacteria, the cauliflower extract only inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the extracts have a beneficial action for health.
H\"ormander type theorem for multilinear Pseudo-differential operators
Authors: Heo Yaryong , Hong Sunggeum , Yang Chan Woo
Published: March 2024

We establish a H\"{o}rmander type theorem for the multilinear pseudo-differential operators, which is also a generalization of the results in \cite{MR4322619} to symbols depending on the spatial variable. Most known results for multilinear pseudo-differential operators were obtained by assuming their symbols satisfy pointwise derivative estimates(Mihlin-type condition), that is, their symbols belong to some symbol classes $n$-$\mathcal{S}^m_{\rho, \delta}(\mathbb{R}^d)$, $0 \le \delta \le \rho \le1$, $0 \le \delta<1$ for some $m \le 0$. In this paper, we shall consider multilinear pseudo-differential operators whose symbols have limited smoothness described in terms of function space and not in a pointwise form(H\"ormander type condition). Our conditions for symbols are weaker than the Mihlin-type conditions in two senses: the one is that we only assume the first-order derivative conditions in the spatial variable and lower-order derivative conditions in the frequency variable, and the other is that we make use of $L^2$-average condition rather than pointwise derivative conditions for the symbols. As an application, we obtain some mapping properties for the multilinear pseudo-differential operators associated with symbols belonging to the classes $n$-$\mathcal{S}^{m}_{\rho,\delta}(\mathbb{R}^{d})$, $0 \le \rho \le 1$, $0 \le \delta<1$, $m \le 0$. Moreover, it can be pointed out that our results are applied to wider classes of symbols which do not belong to the traditional symbol classes $n$-$\mathcal{S}^{m}_{\rho,\delta}(\mathbb{R}^{d})$.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 42B20, Secondary 42B15.
Grain protein function prediction based on improved FCN and bidirectional LSTM
Authors: Liu Jing , Li Kun , Tang Xinghua , Zhang Yu , Guan Xiao
Published: March 2024

Predicting grain protein function from amino acid sequences is becoming more and more significant, especially with the speed at which sequencing technology is developing. Most models suffer from lower accuracy in predicting protein activity due to their neglect of the sequence order of amino acids. Therefore, A parallel PBiLSTM-FCN algorithm is proposed for predicting grain protein function. In order to further increase the model's prediction accuracy, the PBiLSTM-FCN algorithm combines the Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) and the bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network (BiLSTM). It also adds the Squeeze-Excitation block to the FCN algorithm's complete convolutional block. This experimental dataset includes the protein data of four grains: soybean, maize, indica, and japonica. The study results show that compared with other algorithms, the PBiLSTM-FCN algorithm can achieve better performance in predicting grain protein function, proving the effectiveness and superiority of the PBiLSTM-FCN algorithm. Furthermore, the verified and formally genuine protein functions found in the SwissProt database were compared with the experimentally anticipated functions of four significant grain proteins in this work.
Unveiling the Prevalence of Anaemia and Its Predictors Among Adults on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in the Dolutegravir Era: a Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zewdu Woretaw Sisay , Zeleke Mulugeta Molla , Ferede Yared Andargie , Kassie Achenef Bogale , Singh Pradeep , Alemu Muluken Adela , Desta Getaye Tessema
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Both HIV/AIDS and anaemia are the most pressing public health issues globally. Moreover, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the frequency, severity, and prevalence of anaemia among HIV/AIDS-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia following the rollout of the dolutegravir-based regimen by 2019 as the preferred first-line regimen. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing the prevalence, severity, and associated factors of anaemia among adult HIV-positive ART-experienced patients in Woreta Primary Hospital (WPH).
Methods
A health institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and factors influencing anaemia in HIV/AIDS-positive patients from February 2019 to September 2023. Medical record abstraction tools were used to gather data. Employing initially bivariate and then multivariate logistic regression models, the data were evaluated to uncover factors linked with anaemia. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was applied to investigate the model's validity.
Results
The total prevalence of anaemia was 31.5% [95% CI: 28.9–33.8]. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe anaemia was 20.42%, 10.38%, and 0.70%, respectively. Predictors independently linked with anaemia were: female sex (AOR: 1.08), age ≥40 years (AOR: 1.21), lived with HIV >10 years (AOR: 2.31), CD4 counts <200 cells/μL (AOR: 3.81), nonsuppressed viral load (AOR: 1.28), history of opportunistic infections (AOR: 1.54), WHO clinical stage III & IV (AOR: 1.37, & 2.23, respectively), and history of parasitic infestation (AOR: 2.81).
Conclusions
A sizeable proportion of subjects were found anaemic. Female sex, older age, longer periods lived with the virus, lower CD4 count, nonsuppressed viral load, history of opportunistic infections, WHO clinical stages III and IV, and history of parasitic infestation were the contributing factors. Therefore, to improve the anaemic status and living circumstances of HIV-positive patients, immediate action on the linked variable is needed.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research (IJFTR)
Authors: Pavithra G ,   C Swaminathan2, Kathirvelan P , Sangeetha SP
Published: March 2024

A quantitative analysis of 1454 scholarly articles published in the Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research between 2000 and 2022 was performed involving various scientometric indicators to examine aspects such as annual scientific production, top cited sources, author rankings, profiles and contributions, collaboration patterns, highly contributed countries, most cited articles, frequently used search keywords and global collaboration mapping. Scopus database was used to retrieve the data and the study focuses on data included in Scopus database alone and biblioshiny was used for analysis. The journal showed a considerable impact, boasting an h-index of 48, a g-index of 71 and a total citation count of 15141 during the examined period. Among the authors, Kothari VK stood out with the highest number of research papers (n = 58), with their work receiving the most citations (732). Approximately 74.32% of the authors (1746 authors) had only one publication, while around 13.02% of the authors (306 authors) had two publications. Interestingly, a small number of authors surpassed this trend, having produced more than nine publications. India emerged as the dominant country in terms of both paper count and citation count, with the Indian Institute of Technology leading with 454 publications. Through the co-citation network analysis, we identified four clusters, with Tyagi GK emerging as the most cited author. Furthermore, our study highlighted that the most collaborative authors hailed from India. Overall, this investigation holds significance in assessing the impact of the Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research and serves as a valuable resource for identifying notable research trends and advancements within the field of fibre and textile research.
Minimum Acceptance Criteria for Subsurface Scenario-based Uncertainty Models from Single Image Generative Adversarial Networks (SinGAN)
Authors: Liu Lei , Salazar Jose J. , Jo Honggeun , Prodanović Maša , Pyrcz Michael J.
Published: March 2024

Evaluating and checking subsurface models is essential before their use to support optimum subsurface development decision making. Conventional geostatistical modeling workflows (e.g., two-point variogram-based geostatistics and multiple-point statistics) may fail to reproduce complex realistic geological patterns (e.g., channels), or be constrained by the limited training images and computational cost. Deep learning, specifically generative adversarial network (GAN), has been applied for subsurface modeling due to its ability to reproduce spatial and geological patterns, but may fail to reproduce commonly observed nonstationary subsurface patterns and often rely on many training images with the inability to explore realizations around specific geological scenarios. We propose an enhanced model checking workflow demonstrated by evaluating the performance of single image GAN (SinGAN)-based 2D image realizations for the case of channelized subsurface reservoirs to support robust uncertainty around geological scenarios. The SinGAN is able to generate nonstationary realizations from a single training image. Our minimum acceptance criteria expand on the work of Leuangthong, Boisvert, and others tailored to the nonstationary, single training image approach of SinGAN by evaluating the facies proportion, spatial continuity, and multiple-point statistics through histogram, semivariogram, and n-point histogram, along with evaluating the nonstationarity reproduction through multiple distribution checks ranging from local scale pixel distribution to multiscale local distribution. Additionally, our workflow incorporates reduced-dimensionality analysis through self-attention, providing a flexible approach for deep learning-based enhanced model realization to single training image comparison. With our proposed workflows, the robust application of SinGAN is possible to explore uncertainty around geological scenarios.
Arme, Reiche, Erniedrigte und Beleidigte : Neutestamentliche Perspektiven für Theologie und Kirche
Authors: Alkier Stefan
Published: March 2024

Bei Jesus und seinen Schüler:innen handelte es sich um keine Armutsbewegung, sondern um Leute aus dem Mittelstand. Welche Folgen sich aus dieser neutestamentlichen Perspektive für Theologie und Kirche ergeben, erläutert Stefan Alkier.
Miteinander füreinander sorgen. (Digital) : Sorgende Gemeinschaften als Aufgabe von Seelsorge und Diakonie
Authors: Hoffmann Christine Wenona , Pölzer Silvie
Published: March 2024

Seelsorge und Diakonie betreffen als Themenfelder nicht nur die Praktische Theologie Gemeinsam mit Annette Haußmann (Heidelberg lud die Frankfurter Professur für Praktische Theologie deshalb zu einer interdisziplinären Fachtagung in das Heidelberger Schmitthennerhaus. Christine Wenona Hoffmann und Silvie Pölzer berichten.
PREVALENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG IT PROFESSIONALS IN TECHNOPARK THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
Authors: Dr. Jayalakshmi S.  , Dr. Vinuraj S.  , Dr. V K Sunitha
Published: March 2024

Musculoskeletal disorders or MSDs are soft tissue injuries caused by sudden or sustained exposure to repetitive motion, force, vibration and awkward positions. IT Professionals  represent an occupational group where chances to develop MSDs are high because of their work pattern, in which they have fixed or constrained body position, continual repetition of movements, force concentrated on small parts of the body, like hand or wrist or a pace of work that does not allow sufficient recovery between movements. In India, many studies were done to evaluate the prevalence of MSDs among other occupational groups but not much among IT Professionals.  This study has been carried out to determine the prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) among IT Professionals. The study design was cross sectional with information technology (IT) Professionals working in Technopark Thiruvananthapuram as the study population. The sampling method used for the survey is the simple random sampling. Data was collected using a modified version of Dutch musculoskeletal questionnaire. Chi-square (χ2) test was applied for statistical significance and associations were assessed through p value with 95% confidence interval.  Prevalence of work related MSD during last 12 months, was 36.57%. The common prevalence of work related MSD reported during last 12 months based on their body region were neck (83.42), shoulders (76.57%), and back (61.71%). There was a statistically significant difference in terms of experience, sitting for long period, using key board and working in the same posture for long period. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of age, BMI, gender, education.  The study has concluded that MSD is prevalent among IT Professionals working in Technopark Thiruvananthapuram..