bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biogas Source of Energy and Solution to the Environment Problems in Rwanda
Authors: Rwigema Anastase
Published: December 2014

In Africa especially in Rwanda, the development of Biogas technology is imperative for development to occur in sustainable manner. Using large centralized power generation facilities to provide electricity to rural population and communities is very expensive and non-viable in Rwanda due to lack of a well dispersed electric grid. In Addition, use of non-renewable fossil fuels is resulting in increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and attendant increased drivers for climate change. Development of Biogas systems serves the purposes of solving sanitation, energy and environmental problems by improving good health conditions and providing a source of energy for cooking and lighting to the communities and households contributing also to the decrease of GHG emissions. In Rwanda, there are 14 prisons, after genocide of 1994, the inmates increased up to 60,000. Number of prisoners was from 2,000 up to 7,500 prisoners in one prison [6]. This high number of inmates caused serious sanitation and environmental problems. Indeed the septic tanks became full and human excreta started to overflow and pollute the environment. In addition, a very big quantity of fuel wood was used for cooking inmates’ food; the consequence was the degradation of the environment. Similar problems were observed in schools. Solution to the mentioned problems was construction of Biogas systems. In Rwanda only about 16% of the population have access to electricity. In order to reduce that deficit of energy, Rwanda Government is developing other sources of energy particularly Biogas for rural areas which so far do not have connection to the national electricity grid. Big size (100 m3) and small size (4, 6, 8 and 10 m3) bio-digesters are installed in several institutions and households and they provide enough Biogas for cooking and lighting in steady of using firewood which is becoming scarce in many areas of the country and their usage as source of energy causes pollution through production of Carbon dioxide (CO2) released in the atmosphere. A study made by SNV (Netherlands Cooperation Development Agency) shows that a domestic bio-digester reduces 4.6 tons of (CO2) per year. Hence, calculation made indicates that the 3,000 domestic bio-digesters currently operational in Rwanda allow to reduce 13,800 tons of Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per year. As organic wastes particularly human excreta and other digestible biomass are available everywhere, biogas technology can be developed in all the countries worldwide.
Numerical Simulation of the Nozzle Angles Effect on the Pressure at Thrustwall and Nozzle Outlet of PDE
Authors: Wang Zhi Wu , Zhang Kun , Zheng Long Xi
Published: December 2014

In order to investigate the effects of nozzles with different angles on PDE performance, PDE with nozzles of different convergent and divergent angles were simulated and propane-air mixture was used. The simulation results indicated that the effects of nozzles with different angles on the pressure at the thrustwall of PDE and nozzle outlet were not the same. The pressure at the thrustwall and nozzle outlet of PDE with convergent nozzles was higher than that with divergent nozzles, and the pressure peak appeared earlier in the case of convergent nozzles. The peak value of the pressure at the nozzle outlet increased and appeared ahead of time as the convergent angle increased. The peak value of the pressure at the nozzle outlet increased and the evacuation time was prolonged with convergent nozzles. The pressure at the nozzle outlet dropped quickly and the evacuation time was shortened with divergent nozzles.
Investigation and Assessment of the Electromechanical Fatigue of Electronic Components of Forklift Trucks
Authors: Müller Tobias , Schmidt Thorsten , Weigelt Stefan , Overmeyer Ludger
Published: December 2014

To simplify the designing of electronic components of forklift trucks with regard to their specific operating conditions, a test forklift truck was equipped with industrial-standard instruments to measure the occurring electrical and mechanical stresses. To assess the fatigue potential of the operating load conditions, the acquired measurement data were analyzed in the time and frequency domain and compared with each other with the aid of a rainflow counting algorithm. To compare the failure characteristics of the examined electronic components, fatigue tests were carried out on an electro-dynamic shaker. These experiments were performed on individual components of the electronic drive unit, which were stressed at the same time under typical operating electrical loads. Additionally, the influence of vibration and shock excitation were checked for the control behavior of these components.
Modelling, Simulation and Experimental Validation of Nonlinear Dynamic Interactions in an Aramid Rope System
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Stefan , Mirhadizadeh Seyed
Published: December 2014

Vibration phenomena taking place in lifting and hoist installations may influence the dynamic performance of their components. For example, in an elevator system they may affect ride quality of a lift car. Lateral and longitudinal vibrations of suspension ropes and compensating cables may result in an adverse dynamic behaviour of the entire installation. Thus, there is a need to develop reliable mathematical and computer simulation models to predict the dynamic behaviour of suspension rope and compensating cable systems. The aim of this paper is to develop a model of an aramid suspension rope system in order to predict nonlinear modal interactions taking place in the installation. A laboratory model comprising an aramid suspension rope, a sheave/ pulley assembly and a rigid suspended mass has been studied. Experimental tests have been conducted to identify modal nonlinear couplings in the system. The dynamic behaviour of the model has been described by a set of nonlinear partial differential equations. The equations have been solved numerically. The numerical results have been validated by experimental tests. It has been shown that the nonlinear couplings may lead to adverse modal interactions in the system.
Design of Satellite Attitude Control System Considering the Interaction between Fuel Slosh and Flexible Dynamics during the System Parameters Estimation
Authors: de Souza Alain G. , de Souza Luiz C.G.
Published: December 2014

The design of the satellite Attitude Control System (ACS) becomes more complex when the satellite structure has different type of components like, flexible solar panels, antennas, mechanical manipulators and tanks with fuel, since the ACS performance and robustness will depend if the dynamics interaction effects between these components are considered in the satellite controller design. A crucial interaction can occur between the fuel slosh motion and the satellite rigid motion during translational and/or rotational maneuver since these interactions can change the satellite center of mass position damaging the ACS pointing accuracy. Although, a well-designed controller can suppress such disturbances quickly, the controller error pointing may be limited by the minimum time necessary to suppress such disturbances affecting thus the satellite attitude acquisition. It is known that one way to minimize such problems is to design controllers with a bandwidth below the lowest slosh and/orvibration mode which can result in slow maneuvers inconsistent with the space mission requirements. As a result, the design of the satellite controller needs to explore the limits between the conflicting requirements of performance and robustness. This paper investigates the effects of the interaction between the liquid motion (slosh) and the flexible satellite dynamics in order to predict what the damage to the controller performance and robustness is. The fuel slosh dynamics is modeled using its pendulum analogs mechanical system which parameters are identified using the Kalman filter technique. This information is used to designs and to compare the satellite attitude control system by the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and the Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG methods. Besides, one investigates the effects of the rod length estimation in the plant of the system stability. This investigation has shown that the poles of the plant to walk to and from the imaginary axis, leaving in the end the plant more stable.
High Order and Degree Geopotential and Derivatives Computation Based on the Clenshaw Summation
Authors: Zanardi M.C. , Kuga H.K. , da Silveira N.R. , Morgan L.
Published: December 2014

An artificial satellite subject to the attraction of the Earth is disturbed due to nonsphericaldistribution and non-symmetrical Earth mass. This uneven distribution of mass is expressed by the socalledspherical harmonic coefficients of the Earth potential. For a faster computation, the accelerationderived from the potential is obtained by a series expansion in terms of these harmonics, the fullynormalized Legendre polynomials and their derivatives, and several recursions associated with thelongitude, geocentric latitude and altitude of the center of mass of the satellite. This paper analyzesthe detailed aspects of disturbances in artificial satellites, related with the modeling of the Earth'sgravitational potential as well as numerical implementation of a recursive algorithm to calculate theacceleration of the geopotential based on the Clenshaw summation. In general, one uses recursiveequations of high degree and order to calculate the Legendre polynomials in order to obtain fasterprocessing and numerical accuracy. However, the recursions can yield numerical errors at each stepof the recursion so that higher orders and degrees of harmonics, the accumulated error may be quitepronounced. The computational implementation of the algorithm is carried out by a PC computer.With the implementation of this algorithm it is possible to calculate the geopotential accelerationfor different orbits and different situations. Such approach aims at mitigating the numerical problemsarising from use of extended series expansion when computing recursively the Legendre polynomials.Once the favorable numerical properties are proven, the algorithm can be used in the solution ofpractical problems of orbital space mechanics and for the Brazilian Space Mission.
The Nonlinear Analysis of Vibrational Conveyers with Non-Ideal Crank-and-Rod Exciters
Authors: Alişverişçi G. Füsun
Published: December 2014

With the crank-and-rod exciters, the vibrational conveyers have a trough supported on elastic stands which are rigidly fastened to the trough and a supporting frame. The trough is oscillated by a common crank drive. This vibration causes the load to move forward and upward. The movement is strictly related to vibrational parameters. In this study is the transitional behavior across resonance, during the starting of a single degree of freedom vibratory system excited by non-ideal DC motor. The mechanical system depends on the motion of the DC motor. The working rang of vibrational conveyers with cubic nonlinear spring and non-ideal vibration exciter has been analyzed analytically for primary resonance by the Method of Multiple Scales. Lyapunov exponents are numerically calculated and the results of numerical simulation are ploted.
Application of the Theory of Constraints in Supply Chain
Authors: Ceniga Pavel , Šukalová Viera
Published: December 2014

Good management is the process of finding permanent solutions to the dilemma of balance and achieving effectiveness and efficiency, differentiation and low costs, financial goals and long-term vision, consistency and flexibility. Modern approach corporate governance requires a new understanding of management in relation to one of its internal and external elements. The paper deals with the application of the Theory of Constraints in the environment of Supply Chain. The main goal is to present the Theory of Constraints approach with basic five steps focusing process in the area of the supply chain management. Specifically it shows how the TOC can be used in many others areas of application.
Utilization of Integrated Transport System by U.S. Steel Košice Employees
Authors: Németh Róbert , Molnar Vieroslav , Olexa Ladislav , Schréter Róbert
Published: December 2014

The contribution deals with the survey of introduction of a new integrated transport system on the stop Hutníky on the railway line between Moldava nad Bodvou city and Košice. The paper summarizes observed results and findings of the survey. Based on the data collected from the survey there is an evaluation of usefulness of the new integrated transport system. The outcome of this work is also the database created in MS Excel functional template. The found results are summarized in conclusion
Electronic Cash Registers as a Part of the Fight against Tax Evasion
Authors: Bánociová Anna , Pavliková Ľudmila
Published: December 2014

The usage of electronic cash registers in the conditions of the Slovak Republic does not have a long, but definitely interesting history, which is very often related to changes and amendments in its legislative and technical-economic aspects. Small and medium enterprises need to pay a close attention to the area of electronic cash registers, as often changes and amendments of legislation and technical aspects cause them problems and additional costs. The usage of electronic cash registers is one of the measures of the Slovak government to prevent tax avoidance and tax evasion.
Using of Bankruptcy Indexes for Slovak Mining Firm Development
Authors: Weiss Erik , Čulková Katarína , Mixtaj Ladislav
Published: December 2014

Negative impacts of the economic crisis on the economy of companies did not avoid Slovak mining industry. Due to the detecting and quantifying of main factors and affecting financial performance of the company after negative impact of the economic crisis, a financial analysis of specific conditions in mining firm, producing crushed stone, has been carried out. Results of analysis determined negative development of financial and executive business situation of the firm in the future. Consequently there were proposed recommendations with possible costs cut down with aim to achieve savings and improve indicators of business activity. According to the current need to improve financial stability of the firm, a way of financial management in the future has been designed, which should contribute to objectification, acceleration and simplification of the decision process.
The Rationalization and Logistics Management Origins in Bata Company
Authors: Tomaštík Marek , Hart Martin , Strohmandl Jan
Published: December 2014

The successful rationalization of production and the subsequent formation of assembly-line production in the footwear industry has evolved from its deepest post-war economic crisis. People who needed to produce the best quality shoes at a reasonable price demanded changes in the system of production and sales. Rationalization introduced in the manufacture of footwear used modern machines that were scientifically and optimally distributed in manufacturing processes. Proceedings of the race was comprehensively carried out according to the production plans from raw material to the sale of final products in stores. The whole system was characterized by a struggle against all losses and defects, against wasting time, energy and material either of an individual or a team work.
Contemporary Tasks of Logistics Production
Authors: Michlowicz Edward
Published: December 2014

The role and tasks of production logistics in an enterprise depends on many factors, as well as the appropriate definition of logistics. Development of the concept of supply chains has caused a broader view of logistics. The fundamental goal of production logistics can thus be formulated as the pursuance of greater delivery capability and reliability with the lowest possible logistic and production cost. Currently, the integration of production planning with logistics become more common in many companies. Production systems are special performance systems which transform input material into physical goods. As logistic networks supply the input and distribute the output of production systems, production and logistics are closely interrelated. Many designers still do not take into account the supply chain and does not use the system approach. Interesting approach is proposed as part of Lean enterprises. It requires a determination of value stream, then the mapping and improvement.
The Map of Logistics Technologies Used in Corporate Logistics
Authors: Rosova Andrea , Kacmary Peter , Hricová Romana , Husár Jozef
Published: December 2014

Corporate logistics a major tool used to facilitate corporate goals. By definition it is a set of tasks, arranged in a way that promotes optimum material, information and value flow during the transformation process. As the above definition implies, the corporate logistics provides visualization of material flow throughout the corporation. Whereas the planning defines what will be produced, the actual production defines the production means. In contrast, the logistics provides for means and measures to ensure production preparedness, providing not only for the actual production of goods but also for a timely and effective information flow in order to achieve optimum balance of all flows in support of corporate objectives.
Life Cycle Perspective for Improving Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Burchart-Korol Dorota , Graczyk Magdalena , Witkowski Krzysztof
Published: December 2014

This paper presents the supply chain management with life cycle approach and direction of improving sustainable supply chain management. The main aim of this paper is to implicate of life cycle perspective across the supply chain, to show importance of this concept. This paper provides an overview of the current status of sustainability assessment methodology and its applicability for extended supply chain. Life cycle approaches to supply chain and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for improving sustainable supply chain were developed in this paper.
The Modeling and Performance Analysis of the Three Degrees Spring-Mass System
Authors: Zuo Lin Chang , Yin Zhi Hong
Published: December 2014

The paper uses modern control theory and mechanical and structural vibration theory to study a mass-spring system of three degrees. Using Newton's first law analyzing the force of the object, drawn the simulation diagram from the control perspective. Reflecting all changes of the independent variables and their relationships. And revealing the characteristics of the system. We also analyzed the system can not only be controlled but also can be observed, understanding the inherent nature of the system further. About the dynamic characteristics of the system, we use the main formation method to calculate the natural frequency, the main formation and displacement response of the system[1].
Motion Law of Excavator Based on the Method of Ultrasonic Distance Measuring
Authors: He Yu Tian , Lu Peng Min , Niu Xuan Ping
Published: December 2014

By analyzing the dynamic model of working mechanism for excavator, motion status of working mechanism during digging process was researched. The tests under two kinds of commonly operating conditions for the motion of excavator were carried out by method of ultrasonic distance measuring. The results show that the motion law of working mechanism under two kinds of operating conditions was basically similar, and digging process presented periodicity clearly. Each excavating period included four stages which were bucket excavating, boom lifting, medium dumping, and working mechanism returning respectively. One-arm excavating and two-arm linkage excavating was main operating method for excavator. The purpose of three-arm linkage excavating was to adjust excavating posture, therefore, which often happened in a short time during an excavating period, and appeared relatively few during digging process.
Design on the Control System of Ammonia Modification Production Equipment System
Authors: Zhu He Lei , Meng Zhuo , Li Pei Xing , Lu Wei , Zhang Yu Jing
Published: December 2014

In order to meet the technical production requirements of the ammonia modification equipment, this paper develops a set of electrical control system based on Omron CJ2M Series PLC, including the configuration of the hardware and software, the assignment of the input/output, and the design of communication system. The control system provides a perfect human-machine interaction and realizes the automation control of the devices.Through actual application, this control system can meet the control requirements of the ammonia modification production and raise the production automation level of the factory and increase labor productivity.
Simulation on Improved Genetic Algorithm of the Ship's Superheated Steam Pressure
Authors: Wang Peng , Zeng Shuai , Dai Ri Hui , Meng Hao , Zhang Guo Lei
Published: December 2014

The traditional genetic algorithm was improved, and the marine steam power plant main steam pressure control was as an object, the improved genetic algorithm controller and the traditional genetic algorithm controller is studied by the simulation. The simulation results show that the improved genetic algorithm controller system can effectively reduce the overshoot and adjustment time of main steam pressure.
Influence of Ammonium in Zinc Oxide Nanostructures Hydrothermally Grown on Glass Substrate
Authors: Mejía-García Concepción , Díaz-Valdés Elvia , Ayala-Torres Marco Alberto , Sánchez-Sánchez Alejandro , Paniagua-Mercado Ana María , Romero-Ibarra Josúe
Published: December 2014

We present the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures grown by the hydrothermal method using the rapid microwave heating process. First, 10 mM solutions of zinc acetate dihydrate and 1-propanol were three cycles spin coated on glass substrates at 2000 rpm by 70 s, 90 s and 90 s, respectively. Second, nanostructures were then grown by dipping the substrates in a solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, polyethyleneimine (PEI), hexamethylenetetramine and ammonia. The hydrothermal process were carried out with a commercial microwave at 300, and 600 W power settings during 20 min. The structural and morphological properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The influence of the ammonium concentration in the morphology of the nanostructures was analyzed.Keywords: ZnO, nanostructures, XRD, SEM, spin coating, ammonium, hydrothermal process.
Theoretical Study of Copper (II) Oxide Clusters and their Interaction with CO
Authors: Koblova Elena , Ustinov Alexander Yu. , Shcheka Oleg
Published: December 2014

Copper (II) oxide clusters (CuO)nwith n = 1 – 4, 6 have been calculated by DFT method with the exchange-correlation functional B3LYP. The structural, energy and electronic properties have been studied. Much attention was given to the interaction between CO and active centers of the clusters. The most probable orientation of CO on the metal oxide surface has been determined and the stability of clusters has been evaluated.
Study of Biochar Pyrolysis Mechanism and Production Technology
Authors: Zhang Zhi Xia , Wu Jing , Meng Jun , Chen Wen Fu
Published: December 2014

This paper describes the process of biomass pyrolysis to make biochar briefly. Studied the biochar production rate and composition and content of gas under different conditions of temperature and residence time. Meanwhile, the heating value of the combustible gas produced was analyzed. The results showed that: temperature, residence time both have different influence on the pyrolysis process Also proved that 450-500°C is not only the best temperature for biochar production,but the highest heating value of the combustible gas.It can provide the basis for the furter study of accuracy control and online monitoring of biochar production and improvement of the carbonization furnace.
Stress Analysis of All Ceramic Fixed Partial Denture by Finite Element Method
Authors: Piyasin S. , Sena K. , Sukjai N. , Tipawan W.
Published: December 2014

With attempt of using all-ceramic fixed partial denture (FPD) on posterior teeth region while the high-strength ceramics themselves cannot be guaranteed for the strength of the FPD, the length of pontic of FPD is considered to be one of the significant factors that influence the FPD strength. This study was therefore aimed to use FEA to simulate the actual laboratory test in investigating whether a 3-unit all-ceramic FPD on posterior teeth could tolerate the maximum normal bite force, which is approximately 665 N. The FPD was designed to be fabricated with In-Ceram® zirconia and have pontic length of 11 mm. The simulation was performed using a 2-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) on ANSYS software. Lower second premolar and second molar teeth were placed at 11 mm apart in acrylic resin block. The teeth were prepared to be abutments of FPD. The result of the FEA showed that the FPD could tolerate the force exceeded the maximum normal bite force on molar region in human. This is corresponding with the previous study performed in the laboratory presenting that the FPD can withstand the load of greater than 1000 N. As the FEA has given the relevant result to that of the laboratory test, further investigations are anticipated to be performed to achieve the optimum length of a 3-unit all-ceramic FPD on posterior teeth fabricated in various systems.
Sensitive Structure Optimization and Verification of Cantilever Beam Gyroscope
Authors: Liu Yu , Yu Ling Qing
Published: December 2014

In order to enhance the measurement accuracy of cantilever vibration gyroscope, we modify the sensitive structure of the cantilever vibration gyroscope and develop a verifiable method. Firstly, analyzing the cause of influencing the measuring accuracy and the piezoelectric plate coupling structure of the original cantilever vibration gyroscope, we propose a new piezoelectric plate coupling structure. Secondly, in order to prove engineering feasibility of new structure, we use ANSYS software to simulate the new structure with 50, 60, 100 mm cantilevers. Simulation and experiments show that the average sensitivity of the new structure gyroscope increases by 8.64%. According to these results, we can conclude that the improved cantilever vibration gyroscope can be used in engineering application.
Control and Optimization of Development Risk of the High-Tech Manufacturing and Measuring Product
Authors: Liu Yang Peng , Ding Jian Jun , Long Xing Yuan , Jiang Zhuang De , Jiang Yue Rong
Published: December 2014

This paper proposes the risk management strategy of the product design and development process. The process control mechanisms based on the risk management. Risk identification, assessment, migration, monitoring and reporting are applied in the product development process. Under the supervision and guidance of risk management, the risk point of product development cycle of measuring instrument is shortened about 30%, and the development costs are reduced too. The risk management improves the economic efficiency of enterprises and enhances the competitiveness of enterprises.
Simulation Research of the Effect of Compression Ratios on Combustion and Emission for Methanol/Diesel Dual Fuel Engine
Authors: Zhang Xu Dong , Yuan Yin Nan , Du Jia Yi
Published: December 2014

This paper has studied the influence of the different ratio on combustion process and emissions of air premixed methanol/diesel dual fuel engine. The research was based on 4B26 diesel engine, and the 3-D numerical simulation on combustion process and emissions of the diesel engine with intake premixed methanol was carried out using AVL FIRE software. The study showed that,with the compression ratio reducing,the ignition delay period prolonged, and the ignition timing delayed, the maximum firing pressure, the peak of pressure rise rate and the maximum combustion temperature in cylinder decreased, the crank angle postponed, the NOX emission decreased and the Soot emission increased obviously.
Applying RFID for Synchronization of Factory Floor Documentation in Robotic Manufacturing Cells
Authors: Modrak Vladimir , Semančo Pavol , Straka Martin
Published: December 2014

The goal of this article is to present the conceptual model of RFID technology integration with manufacturing information and control system. Offered ideas are motivated to achieve seamless connection between automatic identification of parts on the shop floor level and CAD/CAM/MES and ERP system. The mentioned connection could be accomplished by use of RFID technology to transfer data from shop floor level into MES environment. Modern CAD/CAM systems such as NX provide wide possibilities for generating electronic reports, such as operation lists, setup instruction, tool report, according to own customization. Therefore, the process of shop floor documentation creation in html format is described in this paper as well.
Possibilities of Production Simulation in Software Product Tecnomatix – Plant Simulation at Wood Processing Example
Authors: Malega Peter , Kováč Jozef
Published: December 2014

This paper contains the description of the production process and the simulation in Plant Simulation. It also contains the description of the steps, which are necessary to create the simulation of the production process with the pictures directly from Plant Simulation.
Application of the Ergonomic Redesign in Terms of Workplace Rationalization
Authors: Flimel Marián , Dupláková Darina
Published: December 2014

Workplace redesign is a part of the ergonomic rationalization. Article is focused on the classification of redesign workplaces and life-cycle redesign. The optimal sequence of design creation is described as well as the example of ergonomic CNC workplace rationalization. The second part of the article is focused on the simulation and verification the model of workplace using by software Witness.
Deriving an Economic Model for the Production of New Materials
Authors: Vlachý Jan , Freiberg František
Published: December 2014

This paper introduces a comprehensive economic model, developed for the assessment of nanomaterials production and application under the international SHYMAN project. Its major challenges include uncertainties relating to estimates of future demand for particular materials and final products, as well as accession of new commercial applications and reactions of competitors. These are being addressed by the innovative combined use of life cycle costing and real option appraisal within the framework of a statistical simulation model.
Controllable of Underwater Towing Tension Passive Compensation Device Design Research
Authors: Meng Jing , Chen Zhi Xin , Jiang Tao , Xu Zhi Qiang
Published: December 2014

In order to solve the process of fishing, hull has significant heave motion under the influence of marine environment, that caused towing tension instability and fishing low efficiency problems, proposed and developed based on the hydraulic cylinder and the accumulator between the energy conversion and PLC control of towing tension range controllable passive compensation device. According to its working principle, the passive compensation device of compensation system and control system was designed, using the hull heave motion as the control energy, hydraulic cylinder and accumulator combination as a compensation system, selects PLC224CPU and M235 expansion module as the control unit. Finally, the towing tension range change of compensation has carried on the simulation analysis, the simulation results show that the passive compensation device which can realize the adjustment and control of drag tension range, achieves the expected control effect.
Parameter Study of Opposite Tape-Spring Flexure Hinge
Authors: Yang Hui , Liu Rong Qiang , Wang Yan , Tao Jian Guo
Published: December 2014

Parameter study for the qusai-static folding and deployment of opposite tape-spring flexure (OTSF) hinges is presented. The full factorial method is employed to design of experiments, and the qusai-static folding and deployment nonlinear analysis is obtained by ABAQUS/Explicit solver. Parametric studies show that both the section radius and the central angle have significant effects to the peak moment of quasi-static folding and deployment of the OTSF hinges. However, the maximum Mises stress in complete folding configuration is more sensitive to the central angle than the section radius.
Applying Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization to Maintenance Scheduling for CNC Machine Tools
Authors: Yao Zhi Hui , Zhou Min
Published: December 2014

This paper focuses on the maintenance scheduling for CNC machine tools. A bi-objective mathematical model is built with the repair time and maintenance cost. A multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), which combines the global best position adaptive selection and local search, is proposed to solve the mathematical model. The results show that MOPSO has a better performance than other method for solving the maintenance scheduling. They also show that MOPSO is an effective algorithm that has strong convergence.
Calculative Method for Critical Condition of Fire Liftoff Caused by Man-Made Interfering Jet Flow
Authors: Jiang Xiao Gang , Chi Wei , Jin Lian Gan
Published: December 2014

Based on the critical condition of fire liftoff about exhaust flow, the critical condition of fire liftoff caused by man-made interfering jet flow on the laminar flow condition was researched. The calculative formula for critical condition of fire liftoff caused by man-made interfering jet flow on the laminar flow condition was acquired. And the experiments were designed to validate the formula. The results show that the formula was accord with the experiments. It could be used for engineering application.
Research on Carrier-Attacker Control before Launching Air-Ground Guidance Weapons
Authors: Zhang Hui Yong , Zhang Lei , Liu Ze Qian , Ji Yi Guo , Zhang Wei Dong
Published: December 2014

Carrier-attacker controls are involved in navigation control and attitude stabilization control. Modes of navigation control and channels of the longitudinal and lateral-directional are analyzed to solve the problem of carrier-attacker controls before launching air-ground guiding weapons. The homing rules design and the control realization of course, pitch, altitude and velocity are studied. At last, the ways and means is approached to experiment and test them by half material object simulation on ground.
Chaos Synchronization of Systems via Accelerated Factors
Authors: Jia Jin Ping
Published: December 2014

In this paper, chaos synchronization is investigated of a hyper-chaotic system with accelerated factors. An effectiveness controller is designed to realize the function projective synchronization for the hyper-chaotic system. Moreover, this paper improves the synchronization speed by adjusting accelerated factors. From the point of view of secure communication, more unpredictable factors can additionally enhance the security. Theory analysis and numerical simulations are presented to verify that the observer and controller are effective and feasible.
Greenhouse Moisture and Temperature Fuzzy Control System and PLC Program Design
Authors: Huang Mao Qi , Ke Jian Hong , Wu Xiao Long
Published: December 2014

Greenhouse environment system is an often nonlinear, change and inertia complex system. It is very hard to build math model and control. Since moisture and temperature have a influence to crops grow, we select them to build the manner of control system, applying fuzzy control system to design moisture and temperature controller, and to write fuzzy control program based PLC, then we should observe the factual control effect. The result of system running show: when temperature is set to 25oC and moisture is 80%RH, the process of control is stable and the system is very stable, it can meet the greenhouse requirement.
FSAE Race Car Engine Options on the Impact of Vehicle Design
Authors: Gong Hang , Li Yao Ping , Chao Jie
Published: December 2014

FSC is a Formula One car contest car works by the universities or auto-related professional school students team up to participate in the design and manufacture of automotive competition. All participating teams in accordance with the rules and race car manufacturing standards, in a year's time to design and manufacture an accelerating, braking, handling, and so has excellent performance of small single-seater racing leisure, to successfully complete all or Part of the event part of the game. This article discusses the single-cylinder engine and four-cylinder engine of the car design different vehicle.
Design of Foil-Making Machine Based on Motion Controller
Authors: Zhang De Hui , Wu Xiao Qiang
Published: December 2014

The work of traditional foil making machine is a manual or semiautomatic process, the work efficiency is low, and the security risks exist. In this paper, a kind of foil making machine is designed based on motion controller, the automation of foil process is realized, the work efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, and safety of the operator is guaranteed. It makes a certain contribution for the development of foil making machine.
Reliability Evaluation for Distribution System Considering the Access of Distributed Generations
Authors: Zhao Hong Shan , Chen Song , Wang Ying Ying , Wang Ying
Published: December 2014

The construction and operating mode of distribution network have changed due to the access of distributed generations (DGs), which has a deep influence on reliability evaluation. A new approach and the related analytical formulation is proposed in this paper to get a better evaluation for distribution network connected to DGs, after considering the fault reconstruction, switch type, DGs types and access locations, islands abundance probabilities and other factors. We propose a classification that includes various cases defined by the relative position of load points (LPs), faults, and switches, in networks with and without DGs. Taking IEEE RBTS BUS6 distribution system for example, the simulation results in the proposed method indicate that DGs improved the reliability for distribution network effectively.
Analysis of a Nonlinear System with a Random Parameter
Authors: Dang Hong Gang , Yang Xiao Ya , He Wan Sheng
Published: December 2014

In this paper, a nonlinear system with random parameter, which is called stochastic fractional-order complex Lorenz system, is investigated. The Laguerre polynomial approximation method is used to study the system. Then, the stochastic fractional-order system is reduced into the equivalent deterministic one with Laguerre approximation. The ensemble mean and sample responses of the stochastic system can be obtained.
The Research on Flow Calculation Method of the Ball Solenoid Valve
Authors: Yang Yi , Chu Liang , Fan Di , Huang Yu Ting
Published: December 2014

This paper proposes a flow calculation method of the ball solenoid valve, by measuring diameter of the input valve spool, we can estimate the rated flow of the solenoid valve. Aiming at the calculation method, we have built a MATLAB/Simulink model to calculate the valve flow, and we also validated the model by the flow demand of one type of RBS system.
A New INS/VNS Integrated Navigation Model for Planetary Rovers
Authors: Xu Yong Zhi , Ning Xiao Lin
Published: December 2014

Inertial and vision integrated navigation (INS/VNS) is an important autonomous navigation method for planetary rovers. Traditional INS/VNS methods build state model based on the inertial error model, which consider the errors of vision system as random. However, the binocular cameras calibration errors will bring some constant errors to the vision system by the reconstruction process. A new INS/VNS model that adds the constant vision relative motion errors in the state is presented. The simulation results demonstrate that the presented model effectively improves the position and attitude accuracy compared with traditional methods.
Analysis of Natural Pollution Deposit on Optic Sensor for Monitoring of Insulator Contamination
Authors: Xu Jin , Wang Qing
Published: December 2014

This paper describes a system for the online monitoring of insulators contamination, the system monitors equivalent salt deposit density near insulators on the power system by using optical technology. This paper mainly analyzes contamination components on optical sensor surface of different pollution sources coming from 17 sites in Sichuan, the inland areas of China, and draws the conclusion that calcium sulfate of industrial sources is more than ones of agricultural sources.
The Effect of Different Optimization Methods on Robustness for Robust Optimization Design
Authors: Fu Tao , Gong Qin Zhong , Wang Da Zhen
Published: December 2014

In view of robustness of objective function and constraints in robust design, the method of maximum variation analysis is adopted to improve the robust design. In this method, firstly, we analyses the effect of uncertain factors in design variables and design parameters on the objective function and constraints, then calculate maximum variations of objective function and constraints. A two-level optimum mathematical model is constructed by adding the maximum variations to the original constraints. Different solving methods are used to solve the model to study the influence to robustness. As a demonstration, we apply our robust optimization method to an engineering example, the design of a machine tool spindle. The results show that, compared with other methods, this method of HPSO(hybrid particle swarm optimization) algorithm is superior on solving efficiency and solving results, and the constraint robustness and the objective robustness completely satisfy the requirement, revealing that excellent solving method can improve robustness.
PSO Based Feature Extraction Method for Analog Circuits Fault Information
Authors: Liu Hong , Sun Shuang Zi
Published: December 2014

In order to improve the diagnosis efficiency of faulty circuits with tolerance and to ameliorate characteristic description of faulty symptom, the faulty features of the circuit with tolerance are created by information entropy method at first, and then feature extraction method based on discrete Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) is proposed to obtain the optimal feature subset of faulty feature. At last, the optimal feature subset is used to train the classifier to diagnosis the faults of the circuit with tolerance. Experiments results show the validity of this proposed method.
Research on Wireless Temperature Measurement System for Electrical Equipment
Authors: Wang Xiang Li , Nian Yu Gui , Cai Dong Dong
Published: December 2014

As one of the important parameters for the production process of industry, agriculture and military, temperature can affect the production efficiency, energy efficiency and people’s living standards. The temperature measurement has been widely noted and studied. Firstly, the software can receive the temperature of measuring point, and store the value in the database. Secondly, when the temperature exceeds the specified range, the software will give an alarm. The software can view the historical temperature data and draw the curve of temperature. Finally, the software can query and modify the information of the measuring point, such as number, name, normal temperature range of equipment, etc. Based on the existing research results, this paper describes the design and implement of wireless temperature measurement software for electrical equipment.
Impact of DLC on Distribution System Reliability
Authors: Zhao Hong Shan , Wang Ying Ying , Chen Song , Wang Ying
Published: December 2014

The implement of direct load control can reduce power system load at peak times by restricting the given load at the required time straightforwardly. These actions also have a positive influence on the distribution system reliability along with the increase of load rate. Thus, in order to make further research on the impact of DLC on distribution system reliability, a mathematical model of DLC on the basis of linear programming method should be set up firstly. Then, according to the change of load rate, establishing a cubic spline interpolation function represents the reliability index changing with load rate. Finally, the validity of above model and the method are studied through numerical tests on modified RBTS BUS 6 test system. As the result shows, the effectively direct load control can improve the distribution system reliability.
Research on Simulation of Electronic-Protection Circuit of Chopper Cascade Speed Control System
Authors: Zhang Zhao Yan , Wang Xing Wu , Ma Yong Guang
Published: December 2014

Firstly, according to the topology of conventional chopper cascade speed system to analyze the transient process of main loop during of contactor operation when device failure. Because the contactor action requires a longer time, Equipment is vulnerable to the impact of high voltage, high current during the contactor action, and cause damage to power electronic devices. For contactors drawbacks, the main circuit topology with electronic-protection circuit is designed. Then analyze transient process of chopper cascade speed control system with electronic-protection circuit under high-voltage power failure conditions. Finally, simulation model of chopper cascade speed control system with electronic-protection circuit is built respectively in Matlab. Simulation results show that electronic-protection circuits effectively solve the problem of high-voltage power failure under active inverter structure and inverter subversion.
Application Research of Electrical Automation Technology for Power Plant
Authors: Xie Hai Jiang , Li Wei Li
Published: December 2014

The electrical automation technology is an advanced technology, in power plants, mainly giving play to the role of monitoring, monitoring analysis for the operation condition of the electric, also can have the data signal feedback function. Electrical automation technology is mostly play the function of monitoring, during the running of the electrical equipment, the equipment running status monitoring, through the analysis of the data and feedback, can timely find problems arising from the operation, and warning. In power plants, the use of automation technology also analysis and remote data transmission, realize the online management of equipment, improving the efficiency and quality of power plants. Electrical automation technology applications for the future development of the power plant provide a favorable environment.
Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM Technique with Walsh Functions for Nine-Level Cascade Inverter
Authors: Zheng Chun Fang , Xu Xiang Min , Zhang Bo , Qiu Dong Yuan
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a nine-level cascade inverter and gives its mathematical model of SHEPWM with Walsh functions. Based on the model, the solutions of the switching angles in the full range of fundamental voltage are calculated and listed, which is beneficial to the application of the nine-level cascade inverter.
An Improved Cellular Automaton Model of Traffic Regulations and the Effect of Deceleration Probability
Authors: Han Lu Chao
Published: December 2014

In order to evaluate the keep-right-except-to-pass traffic rule, which is in effect in most countries, a suitable mathematical model is necessary. With the help the following model, analysts can objectively evaluate the effects and benefits of various driving regulations and rules. We formalize the situation in which automobiles are being driven on a multi-lane freeway as a process of cellular automata (CA). Following the methods used in the studies of Kerner and Barlovic and using the NaSch model, we formalize the keep-right-except-to-pass rule into mathematical form. We set the driving strategy by adopting the Velocity-Dependent-Randomization (VDR) model, considering the driver’s psychological state with respect to his desire to slow down behind, or to pass, another automobile. Adding stochastic factors during the analysis of the driving process, we examined mathematically the effects of traffic flow, the utilization of lanes, and transportation safety which mostly depends on the frequency of lane changes, to evaluate the keep-right rule.