bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Duhok, Kurdistan region
Authors: Merza Muayad A. , Yousif Bewar M. , Younus Muhammed K. , Omer Bizav M. , Ahmed Hewa I.
Published: July 2018

Background: The objective of this study was to characterize patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in Duhok province.Methods: We recruited all patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B virus infections who visited viral hepatitis clinic in Azadi Teaching Hospital between September 2015-December 2017. The main evaluation parameters were: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, serum albumin, total serum bilirubin (TSB), viral load. Few patients were subjected to Fibro-test, Fibroscan, or liver biopsy.Results: There were 251 patients. The mean age of the patients was 35.75±14.40 years. One hundred fifty-seven cases were male and 94 cases were female. The baseline mean of ALT, AST and viral load was 42.09±2.71U/L, 30.26±19.65U/L, and 1421197.08±14436692.04IU/ml, respectively. Compared with women, men have significantly higher values of ALT and AST, serum albumin, and TSB. There were 217 chronic inactive carrier (IC) patients and 34 chronic active hepatitis (AH) patients. ALT, AST, and viral load levels were significantly higher among AH patients.Conclusions: The majority of patients showed nil to mild liver injury. The higher level of ALT in males is a supporting guide to follow the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) considering 30U/L and 19U/L levels for males and females, respectively. There was preponderance of males in AH, which indicates greater frequency of advanced fibrosis in such patients. There was a greater probability of AH in old aged people. Serum albumin and TSB were not good markers for differentiation between AH and IC state. Twenty-four patients had ALT above twice upper limit of normal level, but 34 patients showed AH based on liver biopsy, firboscan or fibrotest.
A comparative study for management of fissure in ano with glycerin-trinitrate and lignocaine ointment: a randomized control trial
Authors: Galani Kamlesh J. , Gadhvi Ashwinkumar S. , Shah Nidhi D.
Published: July 2018

Background: Anal fissure is a very common benign anorectal disorder with significant morbidity among otherwise healthy individuals. Of all the patients coming to our OPD 15-20% have anal fissure. So there arises need to study the best and most compliant conservative treatment modality.Methods: Study was randomized, prospective, observational and longitudinal including 200 patients of age group 18-60 equally divided in 2 groups. Group A given 0.2% GTN ointment and group B given lignocaine ointment.Results: Better and early and sustained symptomatic relief was noted with GTN compared to lignocaine. 80% cases showed complete healing by 8 weeks with GTN compared to 52% healing with lignocaine. Headache was main side effect with GTN. Recurrence rate was high with lignocaine.Conclusions: Topical GTN has a statistically and clinically significant success rate for fissure healing and pain improvement at 8 weeks compared to lignocaine ointment (80% vs. 52%). It came at the cost of clinically acceptable level of morbidity (headache).
Clinico-mycological profile of onychomycosis in Assam, India
Authors: Borah Nilakshi , Sharma Ajanta , Hazarika Debeeka
Published: July 2018

Background: Onychomycosis (OM) is a common nail disorder caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte moulds and yeasts. The increased prevalence of OM along with the wide range of associated fungi necessitates the accurate labora­tory isolation and identification of the causative fungus for optimal management strategies. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical, epidemiological and mycological characteristics of OM in a tertiary care hospital in Assam.Methods: It was a prospective hospital-based study. Hundred consecutive patients clinically diagnosed as OM were subjected to detailed history, clinical examination and investigations. Nail clipping and subungual debris of OM patients were subjected to KOH preparation and culture. Isolates were identified by colony characters, pigment production, microscopic morphology and biochemical tests.Results: The maximum number of OM cases belonged to the age group 21-30 years with a male preponderance (M:F=1.7:1). The commonest clinical type of OM was distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) (51%). Toe nails OM was the most common presentation (54%). Trauma (35%) was the most common predisposing factor. Farmers (agro industry labourers) (23%) were found to be the most commonly affected group. Non-dermatophyte moulds (NDM) accounted for 38(47.5%) of OM cases followed by yeast 27(33.8%) and dermatophytes 15(18.8%).Conclusions: Early diagnosis and treatment is important to prevent distortion of the nails which can prevent loss of working efficiency of the commonly affected population of this region.
A Comparative study between conventional method and the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC)
Authors: Verma Nidhi , Singh Chhaviraj , Sharma S. P. , Rathi Monika , Singh Preeti
Published: July 2018

Background: FNAC is widely used for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. TBSRTC was introduced to streamline the reporting of thyroid aspirates. Objectives was to study the spectrum of various thyroid lesions in and around Meerut and comparison of conventional method and TBSRTC.Methods: A total of 464 patients were evaluated both by conventional system and TBSRTC.Results: As per conventional system of reporting, maximum number of cases were diagnosed as benign (87%), followed by malignant (6.4%), follicular neoplasia (2.5%), equivocal (2.1%) and inadequate (1.7%). As per TBSRTC, maximum number of cases were reported as category 2, 86.2% followed by category 6, 6%, category 1, 2.5% and cat 3,2.5%, category 4, 1.5% and category 5, 1%. Among benign category, maximum number of cases were of colloid goiter/multinodular goiter (MNG) (65%) followed by Hashimoto`s thyroiditis (15%), Grave`s disease (6%). Among the malignant category, maximum number of cases were of papillary carcinoma thyroid (PCT) (5.3%) followed by medullary carcinoma thyroid (MCT) (0.43%), non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma NHL (0.21%), metastatic carcinoma (0.21%), and anaplastic carcinoma (0.21%) of each.Conclusions: In present study it was found that there is an excellent agreement between the conventional system and TBSRTC. Results of both systems of reporting are comparable. In some cases, TBSRTC is almost equivalent to the conventional system in the pattern of reporting (viz. benign and malignant cat) while in some cases, TBSRTC is better in reporting (viz. FN and equivocal cat). The sensitivity of TBSRTC (93%) is slightly more as compared to the conventional system (90%) while its specificity (86%) slightly less as compared to conventional system (88%). Thus, as compared to the conventional system, TBSRTC may be viewed as a better screening test for thyroid lesions, though at the cost of specificity.
Role of dutasteride (5-alpha-reductase inhibitor) in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostrate
Authors: Koul Shafeen Majid , Shah Imtiaz , Khursheed Omer , Koul Shehwar Majid , Shah Momin
Published: July 2018

Background: Bladder outflow obstruction due to benign prostate hyperplasia is the commonest urological condition affecting men over 50 years of age. Medical therapy is usually the first line management of BPH. The most frequent complication is encountered is perioperative bleeding and postoperative bleeding. Preoperative use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors like dutasteride to reduce surgical bleeding is still a topic of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pretreatment with dutasteride for 4 weeks prior to surgery can reduce surgical blood loss as well as post op blood loss and complications.Methods: A total of 60 patients with BHP who were to undergo TURP were enrolled and randomized into 2 groups. The dutasteride group consisted of 30 patients who were treated with dutasteride (0.5mg) for 4 weeks before surgery and the control group consisted of 30 patients.Results: The preoperative hemoglobin levels of cases and controls was done followed by postoperative hemoglobin. The average fall in hemoglobin was 0.9mg/dl in cases and 2.1mg/dl in controls. Concluding that group of patients taking dutasteride (cases) peri and post-operative surgical bleeding was significantly reduced on pretreatment of dutasteride for 4 weeks before TURP.Conclusions: Many other surgical treatments are being developed for BHP, but TURP is the gold standard treatment. However, morbidity and blood loss are major potential complications and taking dutasteride 4 weeks prior to transurethral resection of prostrate can be effective in reducing its complications.
Early results after transatrial repair of RVOT obstruction including teratology of fallot
Authors: Wani Nasir u din , Muzaffar Tasneem , Ahangar Abdul Gani , Sidiq Mir Mudasir , Lone Ghulam Nabi , Dar Abdul Majeed , Lanker Aadil Mohammed , Bhat Mohammad Akbar , Singh Shyam , Hakeem Zubair , Ganie Farooq Ahmad
Published: July 2018

Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after surgical correction of RVOT obstruction including tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Transatrial repair avoids a ventriculotomy (in contrast to the transventricular approach) emphasizing maximal preservation of RV structure and function. We have adopted this technique as less traumatic for the right ventricle. This study evaluates the early surgical results of our approach.Methods: Between January 2005 to January 2014, 77 consecutive patients with RVOT obstruction were referred to our unit for surgical therapy. Of these, 14 were unsuitable for repair and underwent aortopulmonary shunting. In the remaining 63 patients (mean age of 2.67±0.38 years), complete transatrial/transpulmonary repair was performed. Previously placed shunts (four patients) were taken down. In all cases, subpulmonary resection and ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure were accomplished transatrially. In 51 patients, the main pulmonary artery was augmented with an autologous pericardial patch.Results: There were 7 (9%) deaths in this series. No patient required permanent pacemaker. Median ICU and hospital stay were 91 hours and 14 days, respectively. At median follow up of 54 (mean 51±12) months, all patients are asymptomatic, with no significant residual lesion.Conclusions: Transatrial/transpulmonary repair of TOF is associated with remarkably low morbidity and mortality in our early experience.
Spectrum of developmental anomalies of the central nervous system encountered in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Panda Subhasish , Dash Subhashree , Bhagat Savitri , Panda Braja Bihari
Published: July 2018

Background: Congenital Central Nervous System (CNS) anomalies have typical and characteristic imaging features. Imaging plays a pivotal role in their diagnosis. This study aims to determine the prevalence and spectrum of the various congenital anomalies of the CNS diagnosed at our institution, and to classify the imaging features according to an approved classification system.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on infants and children below 12 years of age attending the Department of Radiodiagnosis of our Institution, for radiographic investigation of congenital anomalies in CNS through Computerised Tomography and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging, over a period of one year. The spectrum of imaging features was analysed as per approved classification and corroboration with their clinical background. The prevalence of each type of congenital anomaly was also assessed.Results: A total number of 43 developmental anomalies of the central nervous system were encountered in 33 patients over a period of one year. The most common anomalies encountered were partial corpus callosal agenesis, heterotopic grey matter and Dandy Walker malformation. The total prevalence of CNS anomalies was 4.22%. The most common clinical symptoms in these patients were seizures followed by focal neurological deficit. The imaging findings of each anomaly are discussed.Conclusions: Developmental anomalies of CNS are encountered in 4.22% of patients in our Institution, with partial corpus callosum agenesis being the most frequent entity. Familiarity with imaging findings of these malformations is mandatory for every radiologist.
In vitro susceptibility testing of four antifungal drugs against fungal isolates in onychomycosis
Authors: Kulkarni Smita S. , Bhakre Jayshree B. , Damle Ajit S.
Published: July 2018

Background: Onychomycosis is chronic fungal infection of fingernails and toenails. Variety of fungi cause onychomycosis. Due to importance of high prevalence rate of onychomycosis this study was conducted.Methods: In this study 100 patients suspected of onychomycosis were examined. Diagnosis of onychomycosis was based on the patient’s history, physical examination, microscopy and culture of nail specimens.Results: Direct microscopy of the nail clippings in 20% KOH solution was positive in 61% and culture was positive in 54% cases. The common etiological agent was dermatophytes (79.6% cases) followed by non dermatophyte moulds (11.1% cases) and yeasts (9.2% cases). Amongst dermatophytes, T. rubrum was found to be commonest etiological agent (57.6%) followed by T. mentagrophytes. We had performed the in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of isolated fungal species against Amphotericin B, Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Terbinafine according to standard guidelines recommended by the CLSI. Antifungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte moulds was performed by broth macrodilution method. For Candida species we used broth macrodilution method as well as disk diffusion method. All three Candida albicans isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. Two strains of Candida krusei were sensitive to amphotericin B and resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole. Two isolates of T. rubrum had MIC >64µg/ml and one T. Mentagrophytes isolate had MIC 32µg/ml for fluconazole. Among non dermatophyte moulds, Aspergillus niger and one isolate of Fusarium oxysporum showed high MICs against fluconazole.Conclusions: Terbinafine exhibited the lowest MICs among all the tested antifungal drugs.
How to motivate people for donor eyes with active support and participation of NGOs
Authors: Kakkanatt Anthrayose , Anand Anu F. , Gopinath Geethu
Published: July 2018

Background: Corneal diseases are among the major causes of vision loss and blindness in the world today, after cataract and glaucoma. In India, it is estimated that there are approximately 6.8 million people who have vision less than 6/60 in at least one eye due to corneal diseases. On an average, the country needs 200,000 corneas in a year, and only 44,806 are collected. Therefore, creating awareness amongst the masses and encouraging them to pledge their eyes for donation is critical. We utilized the help of local voluntary, social, and religious organizations for the implementation of the awareness and motivation program.Methods: Authors utilized the help of local voluntary, social, and religious organizations for the selection of sites, local publicity, arrangement and mobilization of people and other infrastructure. Schools, colleges, clubs, organizations, trade union offices, public functions, etc were utilized for the arrangement of this awareness and motivation camps.Results: As a result of the eye donation awareness and motivation programs we got 1035 eyes in the past 12 years. Starting with 24 eyes in the first year rising to 126eyes in the 12th year. 64% of the eyes received were utilized for keratoplasty and 36% were used for research purposes.Conclusions: Out experiences has convinced us the important role of social and religious organization and its leaders in spreading the message of eye donation among people. These organizations have an active role in creating awareness and motivation of eye donation to clear the backlog of corneal blindness in India.
Cervical aspergillosis in a post-menopausal female: a case report
Authors: Natekar Ashwini , Basu Shubasis , Mondal Gautam , Pujari Maruti
Published: July 2018

Fungal infections are commonly encountered in the female genital tract on routine cervical smear examination, the most common being candida. Cervico-vaginal aspergillosis infection is rarely reported. We report a case of aspergillus infection in an immunocompetent 55-year-old post-menopausal female who presented with white discharge per vaginum. Initially the cervical pap smears showed only inflammatory changes. On per speculum examination the cervix appeared congested and ulcerated. Cervical biopsy was performed which showed sheets and balls of aspergillus fungus with areas of necrosis. PAS staining further confirmed the diagnosis.  Serological tests performed were negative. Patient was started on antifungal and repeat biopsy from cervix did not show any fungal hyphae.
Cutaneous chromoblastomycosis-unusual presentation: a case report
Authors: Tele Jyoti , Gupta Sonal , Patil Nanda
Published: July 2018

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic, progressive, cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infection following the traumatic implantation of certain dematiceous fungi. These are naturally pigmented fungi with two clinical forms viz. cutaneous and cerebral. We present a case of cutaneous chromoblastomycosis presenting as a swelling over right forearm in a 47-year-old lady farmer. Clinically cutaneous tuberculosis was suspected, however on histopathology, diagnostic ‘sclerotic cells or medlar bodies’ amidst the granulomatous inflammation and microabscesses were seen.
Sociodemographic and clinical profile of human milk donors and their infants in a model human milk bank: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Balachandran Anitha M. , C. N. Kamalarathnam , S. Mangala Bharathi
Published: July 2018

Background: Human milk banking depends on donations and characterization of donors seems important. We aimed to determine prevalence of human milk donors and profile of regular donors and their infants.Methods: Cross-sectional study done on human milk donors in model HMB in tertiary NICU for six months.  Donors who had donated for more than 30% of their hospital stay considered as regular donors. Their sociodemographic and clinical profile along with their infant status recorded from history, examination and health records.Results: Prevalence of Human milk donors in our HMB was 71.3% and that of regular donors was 27.08%. 616 eligible to donate. 234 regular donors included separating 382 defaulters. Excluding 17, 217 regular donors enrolled. Religious beliefs did not deter donation. 65.43% had school education. 90% donors belonged to middle socioeconomic class. Three fourths already had 2 living children. Majority delivered vaginally (62.67%) in health facility offering level II neonatal NICU care (42.86%). Regular donors stayed in hospital with their sick infants for mean (SD) period of 13 (4.21) days. Mean (SD) Post-natal age of commencement of milk donation among regular donors was 9 (3.47) days. Breast-feeding rate was 87.09%. Regular donors had delivered very low birth weight (42.86%), SGA (53.46%) infants who stayed in hospital for mean (SD) duration 18 (6.86) days.Conclusions: The prevalence of Human milk donors in our HMB was 71.3%. Only one third of them were regular donors. No religious barriers for donation observed. Educated socioeconomically secure multiparous donors made sustained donations. Health status and length of Postnatal stay in hospital of mothers and infants seemed to have a bearing on sustained donation.
Drinking water hygiene practices in caregivers of under 6 year children: a cross sectional study in urban Lucknow, India
Authors: Manar Manish Kumar , Singh Shivendra Kumar , Bajpai Prashant Kumar , Singh Shikhar
Published: July 2018

Background: Safe drinking water is the basic necessity for humans. Due to water borne diseases, most of the children get malnourished. The present study was conducted to know about knowledge and practices on drinking water hygiene and to find the association between knowledge and drinking water hygiene practices among caregivers of under 6 year children.Methods: It is a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in the field practice area of a medical college in urban Lucknow. We included 250 respondents in our study. The data were analyzed using Institutional SPSS-24.0 (IBM Corp., Chicago, USA).Results: The present study showed that about 91.6 percent of study participants showed concern about safe drinking water hygiene. About 90.8 percent of study participants thought that water container needs cleaning and about 95.6 percent thought that water container needs covering. Surprisingly 65.6 percent of the participants did not use any type of water purification method. People thought that they should use drinking water purification methods, but in reality, much less percentage (34.4%) of people in the study uses any type of purification method (p<0.001).Conclusions: Although most of the participants showed their concern about safe drinking water hygiene, purification, etc., most of them still do not use any purification methods putting their children are at risk of many diseases.
Analysis of results of nonunion tibial fractures Ilizarov external fixation
Authors: Reddy Pandillapalli Devanatha , Kumar Koramutla Harsha
Published: July 2018

Background: Tibia is most exposed bone in the body and vulnerable to trauma and therefore its fractures are common among the long bone fractures. Tibia is the common site of non-union in long bone fractures. Management of non-union in long bone fractures is a challenging problem for orthopedic surgeons. When the defect is more than 4 cm then it needs bone transport.

Methods: Materials of this study comprised 20 cases of nonunions of tibia treated over 2½ years period from June 2006 to December 2009 in the Department of Orthopedics at Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. This was a prospective study of nonunions of tibia treated by Ilizarov ring external fixators and incidental surgery.

Results: Out of 20 tibial non-unions, in 15 patients the fixator has been removed. In 4 patients the fracture had united but the fixators are in situ and they are in consolidation phase and the remaining 1 patient is in various stage of follow up. The results of the 15 patients in whom the fixators have been removed are studied. The hospitalization time from 15 days to 120 days. The average hospital duration is 44.04 days. The total time ranged from 4 months to 15 months. Average time is 9.25 months.

Conclusions: From this study we conclude that Ilizarov external fixator is a reliable, versatile and effective treatment for the treatment of tibia nonunion fractures.
Caminho das Águas: comunicação, literatura e narrativas antirracistas
Authors: Dias Luciene De Oliveira , Gomes Elisângela
Published: July 2018

Apresentamos aqui uma perspectiva da comunicação voltada à compreensão dos atos narrativos enquanto estratégia de construção da memória coletiva de grupos subalternizados, mais especificamente mulheres negras. O comportamento corrente dos meios de comunicação em massa transmite e perpetua valores hegemônicos, o que contribui para a sub-representação dos estereótipos negativos atribuídos à população negra. Nesse sentido, as escritas chamadas afro-femininas apresentam a possibilidade de construção de atos comunicacionais que fortalecem a luta antirracista.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR INVENTORY CONTROL PROBLEM USING IMPRECISE PARAMETERS
Authors: Kumari Neha , Mandal Manoj Kumar , Burnwal Arun Prasad
Published: July 2018

In this paper, an inventory control problem is discussed using imprecise parameters. The fusion of geometric programming and fuzzy logic is used as imprecise parameters to solve inventory control problems. In inventory, holding costs, set-up costs, etc. may be flexible due to vague information. Fuzzy set theory is used to convert the inventory model crisp to fuzzy for producing flexible output. Compensatory operator is used to aggregate the fuzzy membership functions corresponding to fuzzy sets for fuzzy objectives and constraints. This aggregation gives the overall achievement function and the model known as fuzzy geometric programming model.
Investigating the Effect of Enquiry-Based Learning Approach in Science on Junior High School 2 Students in Paradise International School
Authors: Amoah Charles Agyei , Ameyaw-Baah Kennedy , Annafo Yin , Darkeh Assem Humphrey
Published: July 2018

The purpose for this research was to compare any differences between enquiry-based learning methods and the traditional methods of teaching science in JHS 2. The study employed the Quasi-experimental research and action research methods under both quantitative and qualitative paradigms of research design. The selection of the school was done through purposive sampling method. The research participants were JHS 2 students (N = 30) in two science classes at the research school. The traditional class was the control group. Two data collection instruments - Science Knowledge Assessment and Engagement checklist were used. It was found out that enquiry based teaching allow students to engage, discover, draw conclusions and report their findings increased their abilities to reason and problem solving. It was recommended that discussion in science should be the focus of enquiry based learning.
Socio-economic and Demographic Covariates of Infant Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Application of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Multiple Regression Models
Authors: Bariagaber Dr. Hadgu
Published: July 2018

The main thrust of the study is investigate the main socio-economic and demographic antecedents and proximate factors influencing Infant Mortality Levels and Patterns in Sub-Saharan African

The source of data of the study is largely from the 2001-2005 UNDP Human Development Reports, National Census Results, DHS data and Demographic survey results of Sub-Saharan African Countries.

The analytical techniques include analysis of univariate and bivaraite frequency distributions,  ANOVA, correlation matrix  and Multivariate regression models. Each country is taken as the unit of observation and a total of 42 countries are covered. The dependent variable is the level of Infant Mortality whereas 14 independent variables as the predictors influencing the Infant Mortality conditions are considered.  

The model outputs suggested that all the fourteen independent covariates appeared to influence the levels of infant mortality positively or negatively, but in varying values of statistical significance, due to multicollinearity among the independent variables as manifested in the correlation matrix which appear to hinder clear understanding of  the impact of each independent variable on infant mortality. However, the stepwise regression output identified the critical covariates of the infant mortality levels.

In conclusion, the study indicated that persistent high infant mortality level in the African -Continent has yet to continue for some decades before coming down to acceptable levels. The main reasons which largely appeared to maintain high Infant Mortality Levels among the Sub-Saharan Countries were noted to be the widespread poverty conditions and low level of health services and education in rural Sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently, the high infant mortality in rural Africa has been observed to be influenced by high fertility level, family planning programmes, education and employment, among other background and proximate variables.
The Effect of Emotional Control in Improving Communication Ethics of Silinda Junior High School Students
Authors: . Nurasyah , Fitriani Enny , Zulfikar Edi
Published: July 2018

Our country is an Eastern country where polite culture is highly respected, but the reality is that the culture has begun to wane plus the technological advances wrongly utilized by teenagers today. When adolescence is a transitional period, their emotions are not stable. This is why teenagers are easily influenced in everything, so their ethics of communicating has faded. This study to determine the effect of emotional control in improving student communication ethics, this research is categorized into quantitative research because it is more effectively used with research data in the form of numbers - numbers. This study involves two types of variables. Free variables are Emotional Control, the dependent variable is the Ethics of Communicating. The instrument used in this research is the emotional control questionnaire test and analyzed by using descriptive statistics.
Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions of Integrated Environmental Education in the Secondary School Curriculum for Managing Environmental Degradation in Machakos Sub County, Kenya
Authors: Chikati Timothy Mandila , Okendo (Phd) Evans Ogoti
Published: July 2018

This study investigated implementation of integrated environmental education in the secondary school curriculum for managing environmental degradation in Machakos Sub-County. The study was thus informed by Fullan’s theory of educational change (1991, revised 2006, 2007). The theory views educational implementation as a model of interactions between characteristics of change (need clarity, complexity, quality & practicality) as independent variables on the one hand and teachers’ and students’ environmental literacy (awareness, knowledge, attitudes, skills, participation) as dependent variables. The study employed cross-section survey design under the quantitative approach. Probability sampling designs were used to select participants of the study. The target population of this study included public secondary schools, principals, and teachers and form 4 students from public secondary schools in Machakos Sub-County. Instruments for data collection included questionnaires and document analysis schedules. Quantitative analysis techniques were used to analyse data. The t- test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05significance level. Study findings demonstrated that both teachers’ and students’ perceptions of the integrated environmental education in the secondary school curriculum were generally weak hence little attention was paid to adequate integration of EE in the school curriculum.  This negatively impacted teachers’ and students’ involvement in and commitment to implementation of EE in the school curriculum hence the persistence of environmental degradation in Machakos Sub County.  The study confirmed that some elements of environmental education were integrated in the subjects that were taught in the secondary school curriculum albeit inadequately and unevenly distributed, apparently marginalizing particularly climate change and land degradation hence reducing the crosscutting nature of EE.  The study recommended that KICD should include a given percentage of EE topics in the curriculum; The Ministry of Education should clearly define environmental policies and prescribe them for schools.
Florescer em solo árido: relato de experiência sobre prática psicológica em contexto hospitalar
Authors: Tosta Luana Rodrigues de Oliveira , Silva Luciana Maria da , Dias Andrezza Sisconeto Ferreira
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a experiência de um acompanhamento psicológico realizado a uma mãe de gêmeos prematuros por uma residente de psicologia no contexto hospitalar. Foram realizados 28 atendimentos individuais no ano de 2016, registrados em diário de campo e analisados segundo a abordagem winnicottiana e estudos sobre a psicologia hospitalar. Ao longo deste processo, os resultados indicam o crescimento psíquico e emocional da paciente, por meio de uma relação de escuta e compreensão, que permitiu a ressignificação da hospitalização dos filhos prematuros.
Controle do ruído: percepções da equipe e intervenção educativa em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal
Authors: Barsam Fabiana Jorge Bueno Galdino , Teixeira Cinthia Lorena Silva Barbosa , Oliveira Cláudia Rodrigues de , Lima Larissa Cristina De Sousa , Ferreira Débora De Oliveira , Silva Maria Sueli De Souza , Camargo Fernanda Carolina
Published: July 2018

Estudo híbrido, composto de fase transversal-quantitativa, realizado de março a maio de 2017, através de levantamento e fase descritiva-narrativa de abordagem qualitativa, que teve como objetivo identificar a percepção do ruído de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de hospital público de ensino e descrever ações de Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) empreendidas para o controle do ruído. Foram identificados como principais efeitos do ruído na equipe: irritabilidade (83,3%), dores de cabeça (75%) e perda de atenção (68,3%). Principais fontes: alarmes de monitores e incubadoras (95%) e conversas na unidade (85%). A formação de Grupo Condutor com expertise, reuniões em diferentes turnos e a flexibilização da participação foram iniciativas viabilizadoras para a implementação da EPS. Foi elaborado um menu de sugestões apoiadoras ao desenvolvimento da “cultura do silêncio” no setor. Mediante o desafio mundial quanto ao controle de ruídos nestas unidades, infere-se que a descrição do processo e das iniciativas favorece sua replicação em cenários semelhantes.
Análisis bacteriológico del jabón líquido para uso hospitalario
Authors: Monteiro Damiana Aparecida Trindade , Arduini Glendha Oliveira , Contim Divanice , Araújo Marcelo Costa , Paiva Luciana , Pereira Gilberto De Araújo
Published: July 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a análise bacteriológica do sabão líquido utilizado durante o processo de higienização das mãos dos profissionais de saúde nas unidades de internação em um Hospital de Ensino do interior de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, exploratória e transversal. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de julho e agosto de 2014, perfazendo um total de 75 amostras em diferentes unidades do hospital. Após preparo as amostras foram encaminhadas para análise microbiológica investigando o crescimento ou não de microorganismos, assim como a contaminação do produto analisado. Os dados obtidos permitiram concluir que os produtos padronizados nesta instituição possuem a eficácia desejada, além de instigar a realização de demais estudos.
WINTER HARDINESS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS Allium L. IN THE MOSCOW REGION, DEPENDING ON THE SEVERITY OF THE WINTER PERIOD
Authors: Soldatenko A. V. , Ivanova М. I. , Bukharov A. F. , Kashleva A. I. , Baleyev D. N. , Razin O. A.
Published: July 2018

In the Moscow region, for a long-term species of bows in winter, a complex of limiting factors determines their winter hardiness. To characterize the period from November to March 2014-2017. The winter severity index (Woz) was calculated on a scale from 0 to 10 points (0 very soft, 10 very severe). The severity of winter in 2014-2015 was 2.91 points, 20152016 3.14 points, 2016-2017 4.75 points. The average percentage of overwintered plants for each sample was determined by the ratio of the number of living plants to the number of dead. Many varieties of welch onion were not sufficiently winter-hardy, including Red, Snowdrop, Russian size, Handsome, April, Russian winter. Stable high 100% winter hardiness showed a variety of welch onion Green feathers. From the studied 71 species and 194 samples of bows of perennial different ecological and geographical origin under the conditions of the Moscow region in the subgenus Amerallium plants A. neapolitanum Cirillo (Molium section) and A. ursinum L. (section Arctoprasum), and also in the subgenus Nectaroscordum A. bulgaricum plants (Janka) Prodбn (section Nectaroscordum (Lindl.) Gren. & Godr.) in the winter of 2014-2015 died completely. Winter in 2016-2017 years in the subgenus Rhizirideum, section Rhizirideum G. Don ex Koch A. senescens L. plants overwintered 75%, A. nutans L. – 90-95% depending on the sample, A. stellarianum Willd. 15 %. In subgenus Melanocrommyum, section Melanocrommyum Webb & Berthel. s.s. plants A. cyrillii Ten. overwintered 75%. In the subgenus Butomissa, sections Butomissa (Salisb.) Kamelin plants Allium odorum L. overwintered 86-93% depending on the sample. In the subgenus Cepa, the section Schoenoprasum Dum. plants A. ledebourianum Schult. & Schult. f. overwintered 75%. The remaining species overwintered 100%.
COMPLEX FEATURES OF Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. FOR TESTING FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
Authors: Soldatenko A. V. , Bukharova A. R. , Bukharov A. F. , Ivanova M. I. , Baleyev D. N. , Kashleva A. I.
Published: July 2018

Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. is distributed in the middle belt of the Pamir and Altai mountains. The local population uses leaves and bulbs for food in fresh and canned form. Selective forms of onion Oshanina still does not exist. The research was carried out in the AllRussian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing" (VNIIO branch of FGBNU FNCS) in 20142017. The object of the study was a collection of five samples of A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Experiments were conducted to study and describe the biological and economic features of onion Oshanin (Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the Moscow region; statistical processing and analysis of research results; methods for describing the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability are given. The object of the research was a collection of five samples A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Methodical recommendations for registration of onion Oshanin (A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the State Register of Selection Achievements, admitted to use in the territory of the Russian Federation, for introduction into culture and introduction into production, are developed. The methodological recommendations have been prepared in accordance with the principles of similar methods used in UPOV and the State Commission of the Russian Federation for Testing and Preservation of Selection Achievements. A system of parameters has been developed, the use of which will ensure the contribution of new knowledge to the theory and practice of seed selection and production, will help to speed up the development of new varieties and hybrids with high winter hardiness, with early and harmonious growth of leaves, a long period of preservation of commercial qualities of green products resistant to peronosporosis for the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, to assess the effectiveness of selection work in order to increase yields, improve product quality and increase the resistance of new varieties to the impact of factors on of the circling medium. The results of the research can be used in breeding organizations and state stations, in the description of new varieties based on the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability.
STUDY OF THE RAPHANUS SATIVUS L. (SMALL RADISH) BIODIVERSITY UNDER CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE LIGHT-CULTURE AND IDENTIFICATION OF DONORS OF ECONOMICALLY LUABLE CHARACTERS FOR BREEDING
Authors: Sinyavina N. G. , Kochetov A. A. , Mirskaya G. V. , Rushina N. A. , Panova G. G. , Artemieva A. M.
Published: July 2018

Supply of the domestic fresh vegetables commodity to the population of Northern regions of Russia is one of the most priority tasks of the national economy. Lack of the local, high-quality and adopted breeding material is highly problematic for breeding programs. Generation of the new, highly productive vegetable cultivars for the glass-covered ground, including light culture, will promote to expand significantly the volume of local production of vegetables in protected ground, especially in regions with a cold climate. One of the most prospective crops for protected ground is small radish, an early ripening crop with a valuable biochemical composition. А strategy for creation of the new, highly productive forms of small radish, beard predictable complex of economically valuable characters for growing in conditions of intensive light culture, has been developed in the Agrophysical Research Institute (SaintPetersburg). At the first stage, represent interspecific set of 26 small radish cultivars from different regions, was investigated in controlled conditions (artificial light, climate cell) to reveal a complex of economically valuable properties (early maturity, productivity, morphological traits). The plants were grown in original plant grooving light equipment (lamps DNaZ-400, photoperiod 12 hours, irradiation 15-20 klk), in a small volume of substrate (peat with mineral additives). It was observed that the small radish varieties have significant diversity in precocity, productivity, resistance to bolting, also they vary in a number of morphological features of roots and leaves. Bov, Estella, Rocco (Netherlands), Nobo Chind Criollo (Peru) were the most productive cultivars. They can produce yield of commercial roots during 30 days of vegetation up to 3.5 kg/m2. In addition, cultivars – genetic resources of economically valuable properties (compact rosette, glabrous leaf, resistance to bolting) were revealed for a breeding. Parent pairs for crossing were selected. It is planned to obtain offspring small radish forms with a complex of economically valuable properties, more productive than the parents. In all matched hybrid combinations, F1 hybrids were obtained. They have a degree of hybrid superiority in roots weight from 110 to 230% over the best of the parent form. They will become the ancestors of the original forms of small radish, intended for cultivation in conditions of intense light culture.
THE STEPS OF OBTAINING HETEROTIC F1 HYBRIDS OF WATERMELON
Authors: Baybakova N. G. , Maslennikova Е. S. , Varivoda О. P.
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the stages of obtaining heterosis hybrids F1 watermelon. To solve the problem of creating heterosis hybrids watermelon allocated parent line with nuclear (gene) male sterility, which has a marker recessive trait – a single leaf blade. On the basis of this line, we create F1 watermelon hybrids that meet the requirements of modern production. The characteristic of the maternal line (line HMS) having sterile male flowers (gene ms) and wholeness (nl), light green color of the fruit (g), which is also a recessive trait. Also, the assessment on complex resistance to Fusarium and Anthracnose in linear hybrids F1 watermelon showed their superiority over the parent lines and a significant excess of the standard. Determined the combining ability of hybrid combinations of watermelon were evaluated for yield. According to the results of the evaluation of the ability to combine, a positive effect on productivity showed a combination with the paternal lines: Uspeh, Nice, Medunok, Vostorg, Favorite, Stimul, Icar, Rubyn, Pamyat Kholodova. The effect of more than 20 t / ha showed paternal lines Pamyat Kholoova, Favorite, Ikar. The optimal variant of the parent forms ratio is o: m: o: m: o (1:2), this scheme provides a higher hybridity of the obtained seeds. Hybridity of the obtained seeds was determined in the nurseries of preliminary and competitive variety testing. Hybridity of seeds was from 84.2 to 96.3%, which is satisfactory for industrial crops, where non-hybrid plants will be removed at breakthrough on the marker basis. Separated hybrids Line Cms x Rubyn, Line Cms x Medunok, the Line Cms x Favorite, Line Cms x Vostorg, Line Cms x Icar. The aim of the research was to develop the stages of obtaining heterosis hybrids F1 watermelon.
INDUSTRIAL MUSHROOM AS AN INNOVATIVE DIRECTION ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE SPHERE OF THE APC OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Soldatenko A. V. , Razin A. F. , Nurmetov R. D. , Devochkina N. L. , Razin O. A.
Published: July 2018

The article presents an analysis of the state of mushroom growing in the world as one of the leading directions of the intensive agricultural sector of the economy, analyzes and identifies areas for the future development of mushroom growing in the Russian Federation in the light of the implementation of the State program for the development of agriculture and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013-2020. The goals, directions and expected potential of development of branch construction of new mushrooming complexes in the Russian Federation, necessity of expansion of volumes and assortment of produced valuable food crops are proved, target parameters of the software of the branch are outlined. The principles of organization of mushrooming and promising technological solutions for improving the economic efficiency of production are recommended. Measures of state support for mushroom farming are described. The advantages of intensive industrial cultivation of edible fungi in conditions of protected soil are substantiated. Key words: industrial mushroom cultivation, cultivation facilities, full production cycle, organizational and technological production system, mushroom, oyster mushroom, shiitake.
Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of Syrian immigrants admitted to a training and research hospital in Turkey
Authors: Ağadayı Ezgi , Özer Küçük Emine , Demir Alsancak Aybüke , Gönderen Çakmak Seval , Kahveci Rabia
Published: July 2018

Aim: The
Syrian citizens mass-migrated mostly to Turkey along with Lebanon, Jordan, and
Iraq because of internal conflicts. Having access to health care is of great
importance in such crisis situations. The
aim of this study is to reveal the characteristics and the frequency of
admission to health services of Syrian refugee patients, who have admitted to a
tertiary hospital in Ankara.Material and Methods: The patients of Syrian nationality who have admitted
to Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital between 03.2014 - 02.2017 were
included irrespective of their age in this descriptive retrospective study. Medical
records were reviewed for available information such as the registered
province, age, gender, number of patients, outpatient clinic, number of
hospital admissions and emergency applications, the frequency of the diagnosis
international classification of diseases (ICD) code, surgery status, surgery
type, and the frequency of imaging requests. Results: The total number of Syrian citizens was 2,205. The top
three ICD diagnosis codes are “Symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and
laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R00-R99)”, “Factors influencing
health status and contact with health services (Z00-Z99)” and “Diseases of the
musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99)”. The most frequented
clinic was the emergency medicine.

Conclusion: Most of the
applications are the problems that could be diagnosed and treated in primary
care. It is thought to be more effective that Syrian patients could be followed
closely by family physicians, in term of patients and cost.
What's That Object? Learning Astronomical Concepts Through The Use Of The Aladin Program And Manipulation Of Astronomical Images
Authors: De Lima Melina S. , De Amôres Eduardo B. , Santos José Vicente C. , Martin Vera A. F.
Published: July 2018

Various studies have noted current shortcomings in the teaching and learning of science in schools, and the results of large-scale tests show that despite heavy investment in education, Brazilians' understanding of science test scores typically fall short of what could be if students had a consistent, high-quality basic education. This article summarizes the teaching plan and systematic study results for an activity titled "What’s That Object?" implemented in the city of Salvador, Bahia state, Brazil, in 2015. Astronomical concepts were taught, and the Aladin software was used in the lessons, which included two computerized memory games produced for this activity.We believe that the results lend strong support to the notion that astronomy education can be improved and motivates educators to teach astronomical concepts at the elementary school level.