bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oportunidades educativas para la juventud en áreas rurales y urbanas: afectación política y económica en tiempos de pandemia en Colombia
Authors: González Núñez Sara , Pabón Figueroa Laura , Urueña Salazar Angie , Acero Rodríguez Diana
Published: December 2021

El ensayo presenta un análisis que surge a partir de las reflexiones de tres aprendientes de último grado de secundaria del Centro de Educación Diversificada Distrital (CEDID) San Pablo, ubicado en Bogotá-Colombia, en la localidad Bosa. En el marco de la clase de Economía y Política, los y las aprendientes han identificado problemáticas relacionadas con la implementación de un capitalismo salvaje, que afecta las oportunidades educativas y laborales para la juventud y la población colombiana entre los años 2020 y 2021. Se busca reflexionar acerca del impacto que tiene la política y la economía del Estado en la sociedad, dado que se detecta un incremento en la desigualdad social y falta de acceso a la educación superior en las clases sociales más vulnerables. Se mencionan factores que son evidencia de una agudización de las inequidades colectivas como consecuencia de la pandemia por COVID-19 y la inflación económica creciente. A partir de una interpretación crítica de la situación anteriormente mencionada, se busca dar a conocer el manejo del estado sobre las diferentes variables sociales que afectan el desarrollo de una adecuada calidad de la educación y que impiden el desarrollo de potencial productivo para la juventud.
Estrategias de promoción del compromiso escolar
Authors: Saracostti Mahia , Lara Isabel , Rabanal Nerea , Sotomayor María Belén , de Toro Ximena
Published: December 2021

El compromiso escolar, entendido como la activa participación de la o el estudiante en las actividades académicas, curriculares o extracurriculares. es una variable clave para promover trayectorias educativas positivas en todos y todas las estudiantes. El compromiso escolar impulsa al estudiante hacia el aprendizaje, pudiendo ser alcanzado por todas y todos, siendo altamente influenciable por factores contextuales. Para apoyar dicho desafío en el marco del proyecto FONDEF IT19I0012 “Sistema Integrado de Evaluación, Seguimiento y Estrategias de Promoción del Compromiso Escolar Estudiantil y Factores Contextuales (SIESE) para facilitar la retención y prevenir la deserción escolar” y liderado por la Dra. Mahia Saracostti, se desarrolló un conjunto de fichas con estrategias a ser implementadas por las escuelas para promover el compromiso escolar y los factores contextuales. Se trata de estrategias basadas en la evidencia nacional e internacional, las cuales fueron revisadas por profesores, profesoras y equipos psicosociales del país para su adaptación en el contexto nacional.
ANALISIS PENERIMAAN KARYAWAN PADA PT. SRIKANDI DIAMOND INDAH MOTORS SAMPIT DENGAN METODE ANALITYCAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) DAN SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)
Authors: Saputra Meidy , Bachtiar Lukman
Published: December 2021

Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan penerimaan karyawan pada PT. Srikandi Diamond Indah Motors. Hampir semua perusahaan mulai dari skala kecil maupun skala besar dalam melakukan kegiatan penerimaan karyawan mulai membuat keputusan dengan menggunakan metode sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menunjang kinerja perusahaannya. Dengan menggunakan sistem pendukung keputusan dalam perekrutan karyawan perusahaan akan lebih selektif lagi dalam memilih calon karyawan yang berkualitas guna menunjang kinerja dalam perusahaan tersebut.  PT. Srikandi Diamond Indah Motors adalah salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang otomotif. Dari pihak perusahaan tidak ada menerapkan suatu sistem untuk menunjang sebuah keputusan yang terkomputerisasi dalam melakukan seleksi penerimaan karyawan, penilaian pada saat interview calon karyawan masih dengan tulis tangan pada berkas pelamar dan juga dihadapkan pada pilihan untuk menentukan karyawan yang sesuai dengan kriteria perusahaan. Maka dari itu diperlukan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang menerapkan metode Analytical Hierarchy proccess (AHP) dan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Hasil penelitian ini sistem pendukung keputusan penerimaan karyawan baru menggunakan metode AHP dan SAW pada PT. Srikandi Diamond Indah Motors diharapkan dapat membantu dan mempercepat dalam proses seleksi penerimaan karyawan. Tujuan menggunakan dua metode ini adalah untuk membandingan hasil perhitungan antara metode AHP dan SAW. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sistem dan perhitungan berjalan dengan baik dan mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai, akan tetapi lebih direkomendasikan mengambil hasil perhitungan metode AHP karena perhitungan AHP lebih kompleks dibandingan dengan metode SAW.
Pengukuran Kualitas Website Pengurus Cabang NU Depok Menggunakan Software Metric
Authors: Wijaya Ryan Aji , Karmilasari Karmilasari
Published: December 2021

Website Pengurus Cabang Nahdlatul Ulama (PCNU) Depok dibuat sebagai sarana penyimpanan dan pengelolaan data dalam organisasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kualitas website PCNU Depok dilihat dari maintainability, flexibility dan testability. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan : analisis modul website, instalasi website PCNU, instalasi composer, instalasi PHPMetrics, menjalankan aplikasi PHPMetrics untuk mengukur kualitas website PCNU, menganalisis hasil pengukuran dari PHPMetrics.Penelitian kualitas website dengan metode maintainability index mehasilkan nilai 63,57 yang diklasifikasikan sebagai low maintainability. Low maintainibility index berdampak kepada lemahnya modul website untuk dilakukan perawatan dan pengembangan berdasarkan Lines Of Code, Cyclomatic Complexity, dan Halstead Volume. Faktor flexibility, website mendapatkan klasifikasi moderate atau batas wajar karena memiliki coupling = cohesion. Testability pada website memiliki klasifikasi baik dengan nilai rata-rata 16,65. Dengan nilai testability baik website mendapatkan nilai positip pada proses testing dan maintenance sehingga modul tidak sulit untuk dimengerti dan dikembangkan.
Melatonin, tunneling nanotubes and anastasis: Cheating cell death
Authors: Reiter Russel J , Sharma Ramaswamy , Rosales-Corral Sergio
Published: December 2021

When healthy neurons are exposed to toxins or physiological insults such as ischemia, apoptosis is often initiated. Once underway, this mechanistically-well described process was thought to routinely run its course with the disintegration of the cell and phagocytosis of the debris. Within the last decade, the consistency of this process has been questioned. It is now known that some damaged cells can recover, i.e., they avoid death; this restoration process is referred to as anastasis.  The reestablishment of a healthy cell phenotype is highly energy-requiring, so optimally functioning mitochondria are obviously beneficial during the regenerative process. Some healthy mitochondria that end up in regenerating cells are transferred there by adjacent healthier cells through tunneling nanotubes. Tunneling nanotubes generally form under stressful conditions when these micron-size tubules link adjacent cells. These tubules transfer soluble factors and organelles, including mitochondria, between the connected cells. When damaged cells receive high APT-producing mitochondria via this means, they support the ability of the cells to recover. Two recent comprehensive publications show that melatonin aids the transfer of mitochondria through nanotubes that connect neurons thereby likely assisting the recovery of the damaged recipient cell.  Thus, melatonin not only protects normal neurons from damage by neutralizing the agents that initiate apoptosis, e.g., free radicals, etc., but also reverses this process once it is underway.
Oral administration of melatonin increases plasma calcium and magnesium and improves bone metabolism in aged male mice
Authors: Igarashi-Migitaka Junko , Maruyama Yusuke , Seki Azusa , Hirayama Jun , Kamijo-Ikemori Atsuko , Hirata Kazuaki , Kawamura Ryoya , Matsubara Hajime , Srivastav Ajai K , Tabuchi Yoshiaki , Mishima Hiroyuki , Hattori Atsuhiko , Suzuki Nobuo
Published: December 2021

We previously reported that the oral administration of melatonin from 4 to 20 months to male mice improved femoral bone strength and bone density during the aging. Additionally, melatonin receptor, MT2, was immunologically detected in both osteoblasts and osteoclasts of the mouse femoral bone. Thus, melatonin can act on both osteoblasts and osteoclasts to maintain bone strength during the aging process. Here, we analyzed plasma calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and inorganic phosphorus ([PO4]3-) in 20-month-old male mice with or without administration melatonin (15-20 mg/kg/day) in drinking water. We found that plasma Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels in melatonin-treated mice increased significantly as compared with control mice. In [PO4]3-, melatonin administration tended to increase its plasma level, but did not reach statistical significance. The potential association between these divalent ions and metabolism markers of femoral bone was also examined. In the femoral diaphysis, the plasma Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations were positively correlated with periosteal and endosteal circumference which were significantly associated with the Strength Strain Index. Therefore, melatonin treatment enlarged femoral diaphysis and enhanced bone strength by increasing mineral depositions. In addition, the plasma melatonin levels were significantly positive correlation with total bone density and critical thickness in the femoral diaphysis. Since we had not observed the primary trabecular bone and osteoclasts in 20-month-old mice previously, it is suggested that plasma Ca2+ and Mg2+ are not elevated due to bone resorption. The increased plasma Ca2+ and Mg2+ by melatonin may originate from the intestinal absorption of these ions since melatonin binds to the vitamin D3 receptor, its activation is known to promote the intestinal absorption of Ca2+.
Effect of maternal intrinsic factors on productivity and efficiency at weaning in commercial flock of Pelibuey ewes in the tropic of Tabasco, Mexico
Authors: Chay-Canul Alfonso , Ramon-Ugalde Julio , Arcos-Álvarez Darwin N. , Zamora-Bustillos Roberto , Garcia-Herrera Ricardo A. , Macias-Cruz Ulises , Piñeiro-Vazquez Angel T.
Published: December 2021

Evaluation of ewe efficiency or productivity is a complex trait because of several factors that are related to produce heavy litters (lamb growth traits) per ewe. The objective of present study was to evaluate maternal intrinsic effects (body weight, body condition score, udder type, litter size, lamb sex) on litter growth traits (litter weight at lambing [LBW] and at weaning adjusted for 70 days [LWW70]) as a criteria of productivity and some indexes of efficiency in Pelibuey ewes. Data of body weight (BW), body condition scores (BCS), and udder types (UT) were taken at lambing, likewise at weaning BW (WBW), on 48 multiparous Pelibuey ewes. Additionally, litter size, sex, birth and weaning weight, were recorded for each offspring; this information was used to calculate LBW, LWW70, average daily gain (ADG), and the following indexes: Ewe efficiency (EEF) expressed as kg of lamb weaned per kg ewe BW at lambing, EEF0.75   expressed as kg of lamb weaned per kg ewe metabolic BW (BW0.75) at lambing, and EEF2 expressed as kg of lamb weaned ± ewe BW gained or lost at waning per kg ewe BW at lambing. For statistical analysis, ewes were classified according to BW (low, medium and high), BCS (low and high) and udder type (I, II, III and IV) at lambing. High BW ewes had greater (P? 0.01) LLW and LWW70 than low BW ewes. Ewe BW at lambing did not affect (P> 0.05) any productivity index. Also, BCS from lambed ewes did not alter (P> 0.05) the productivity parameters. The udder type affected only LWW70 and productivity indexes, being similar among ewes with type-I, II and III udders, but lower in ewes with type-IV udders. Likewise, double litters were heavier at birth and weaning than single litters, affecting EEF and EEF0.75, but not EEF. The Pelibuey ewe’s productivity in humid tropic depends on the maternal BW, udder type at lambing and prolificacy, being a better productivity when ewes have a high BW, double lambing and non-misshapen udders.
Depoliticizing And Humanizing Climate Change Through A Public Health Frame: A Case Study Of Ontario’s Climate Change Policy Discourse
Authors: Awuor Luckrezia
Published: December 2021

The relevance of a public health frame in supporting the climate change impact awareness
and consensus on actions is well recognized but largely underutilized. Overall, supporting public
health’s capacity in climate change has focused on projecting and highlighting public health
impacts due to climate change, identifying public health policy responses, and emphasizing public
health role. The integration of the public health perspective in the discussion and communication
of climate change ideas has remained elusive.
Climate change is also a complex social problem whose construction of meaning and
actions is rooted in institutionalized language, discourse, and human interactions. Thus,
understanding of the construction of the relevance of public health in climate change discourse is
central to understanding the impediments of the public health frame application. Unfortunately,
this has been a neglected area of research, and the dissertation responded to that gap.

To delineate the impediments of the public health frame, the study used the case study of
the context of climate change policy discourse in the Province of Ontario (Canada) to examine
the construction of public health relevance, the extent of public health frame application, and the
systematic influences in the discourse.

The analysis of policy documents and key informant interviews revealed that the public
health frame remained isolated from the primary focus of Ontario’s climate change policy
discourse. Instead, Ontario’s historically and socially constructed climate change as an economic
and political issue solved through market strategies and technological innovations forwarded by
political, bureaucratic, and technological elites. The focus substantiated the types of structures
and processes of policies and decisions, the relevant actors and knowledge, and the values
supporting the discursive, normative, and strategic practices. Ontario’s focus also limited the
utilization of the public health frame and the supporting capacities through the misalignment
between public health and the provincial strategic actions, the lack of recognition and integration of public health roles, mandate and structures, and limited public health capacity building
initiatives.

Therefore, public health framing as an endpoint of climate change discourse requires
legitimation of public health in the underlying institutional structures for, and governance of,
climate change.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Implemented State Programs in the Healthcare Sector of Kazakhstan
Authors: Orazymbetova Aigul , Sultanbekova Galiya
Published: December 2021

The aim: evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented state programs in the field of healthcare in Kazakhstan. Methods. The paper analyzes 4 state programs for the development of the healthcare system implemented in the years of independence of Kazakhstan and describes preliminary data on the program - "State Program for the Development of Healthcare of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2020-2025". Results. As a result of the implementation of the state programs "Healthy Nation", the state programs for 2005-2010, "Salamatty Kazakhstan", "Densaulyk", maternal mortality decreased by 3,3 times, infant mortality decreased by 1,7 times, mortality from diseases of the circulatory system almost 3 times, mortality from malignant neoplasms by 1,4 times, mortality from tuberculosis by 8,4 times, as a result, life expectancy increased by 6,96 years and reached 73,18 years. Conclusion. Over the years of implementation of health development programs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, there has been a positive trend in indicators that characterize the health of the population, which in turn contributes to improving the quality and increasing the life expectancy of the country's population. Basic health indicators have been improved and health funding has been increased. However, despite these results, life expectancy and funding remain low compared to other countries.
The Effect of Peer Assessment and Collaborative Assessment on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners' Writing Ability
Authors: Kiasi Ghasem Aghajanzadeh , Rezaie Sona
Published: December 2021

As an attempt to shed more light on the effectiveness of alternative assessment in second language learning, the current study sought to explore the effects of peer assessment (PA) and collaborative assessment (CA) on the Iranian intermediate EFL learners' writing ability. To fulfil the purpose of this study, 36 Iranian EFL learners studying English at Kadous English Language Institute in Rasht, Iran, were homogenized as intermediate learners based on their performance on Oxford Solutions Placement Test (OSPT). The final pool of qualified candidates was assigned to one control and two experimental groups comprising 12 learners. All the participants sat for a pretest of L2 writing so that their initial level of writing could be appraised and their homogeneity in writing could be determined. The experimental groups received treatment on English writing through utilizing PA and CA strategies. On the other hand, the control group was taught through the conventional method (i.e. teacher assessment, TA). At the end of a twelve-session experiment, a post-test measuring the effectiveness of the treatments and the participants' writing ability was administered. The results of descriptive and inferential analyses revealed a statistically significant difference among CA, PA, and TA strategies. The results also demonstrated that the CA and PA groups outperformed the control group. However, the CA group performed significantly better than the PA group. Based on the findings of this study, language teachers, materials developers, and education authorities can concentrate on employing CA as the main strategy to foster the writing ability of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. However, PA may also be utilized to teach writing where possible.
PROJETO TERAPÊUTICO SINGULAR COMO FERRAMENTA DA PRÁTICA MULTIPROFISSIONAL NA ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: Penha Joaquim Rangel Lucio , Ferreira Neto Crisanto , Caetano da Silva Maria Isabel , Correia de Oliveira Cleide , De Brito Correia Oliveira Ana Hirlene
Published: December 2021

O Projeto Terapêutico Singular é uma ferramenta do cuidado em saúde utilizada pela equipe interdisciplinar em discussões de casos no qual diversos profissionais vão contribuir contribuem com a elaboração e implementação de um plano de assistência individualizado. Objetivou-se investigar a importância e as contribuições do Projeto Terapêutico Singular como prática multiprofissional em saúde mental. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com os profissionais dos Centro de Atenção Psicossocial AD II e III dos municípios de Juazeiro do Norte, Crato e Barbalha no estado do Ceará. Participaram do estudo 24 profissionais da saúde mental. Utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. A partir das respostas dos participantes foram desenvolvidas quatro categorias temáticas: conhecimento sobre Projeto Terapêutico Singular na ótica dos profissionais do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial CAPS AD, a importância do projeto para o usuário/família, atividades terapêuticas desenvolvidas no serviço e as sugestões para melhoria da prática do no serviço. Observou-se que existe um conhecimento construído sobre o que é o projeto e sua importância para o atendimento dos pacientes, o papel que o apoio familiar tem durante o processo de tratamento e como é importante a equipe mostrar segurança durante os atendimentos para melhor adesão dos usuários. Assim, destaca-se a importância do Projeto Terapêutico Singular no cuidado na saúde mental, no fornecimento dos vínculos da equipe com usuários e familiares possibilitando a inserção do usuário na sociedade.
DIFICULDADES ENFRENTADAS POR ALUNOS E PROFESSORES DURANTE O ENSINO REMOTO DA DISCIPLINA DE BIOLOGIA
Authors: Verli Márcio , Carlos Oliveira Gonçalves Luis , Monteiro de Magalhães Neto Aníbal
Published: December 2021

Ao final de 2019, chegavam notícias de uma nova doença com o poder de tornar-se uma pandemia. Com o avanço da doença, as atividades escolares presenciais foram interrompidas, sendo adotado o ensino remoto afim de dar continuidade as atividades escolares. As dificuldades encontradas por professores e alunos no Brasil foram muitas. O presente estudo se configura como uma revisão da literatura e teve como objetivo analisar as percepções de alunos e professores sobre as dificuldades do ensino remoto. Muitos professores enfrentam dificuldades de uma maior jornada de trabalho, a falta de conhecimento sobre as tecnologias utilizadas e a falta de local ideal para ministrar as aulas on-line. Os alunos relatam dificuldade de acesso a tecnologias e internet, e quando de posse da mesma, relatam dificuldade de concentração e motivação para as aulas de Biologia on-line. O presente estudo observou que, tanto professores como alunos, entendem a importância e a necessidade de manter as aulas por meio do ensino remoto da disciplina de Biologia, mesmo que muitas dificuldades sejam enfrentadas por ambos. São necessários mais estudos com o intuito de encontrar maneiras de superar essas dificuldades.
Die Konkurrenz von Verwaltungs- und Justizstrafrecht
Authors: Schmollmüller Lisa
Published: December 2021

Im Strafverfahren gilt der „Ne bis in idem“-Grundsatz: Niemand darf wegen derselben Tat wiederholt strafrechtlich verfolgt werden. Welche Auswirkungen hat dieser Prozessgrundsatz auf die strafrechtliche Verfolgung eines alkoholisierten Fahrzeuglenkers, der einen Unfall mit Personenschaden verursacht? Dieses Verhalten ist sowohl aus der Perspektive der Verwaltungsbehörden wegen des Lenkens eines Fahrzeuges in alkoholisierten Zustand als auch aus der Perspektive der Justiz wegen der grob fahrlässigen Körperverletzung strafrechtlich relevant. Um auf jede Rechtsverletzung zu reagieren, müsste das Geschehen somit doppelt strafrechtlich verfolgt werden. Folgt hingegen aus dem „Ne bis in idem“-Grundsatz, dass ein rechtskräftiges Straferkenntnis einer gerichtlichen Strafverfolgung entgegensteht und umgekehrt? Dieses Buch widmet sich insbesondere der Definition des prozessualen Tatbegriffes zur Klärung des Verhältnisses zwischen Verwaltungs- und Justizstrafrecht. Dabei werden grundlegende Probleme des Strafverfahrens besprochen, wie etwa die Rechtskraft und der „Ne bis in idem“-Grundsatz. Um das Konkurrenzverhältnis zu klären, wird eine verfahrensübergreifende Perspektive eingenommen.
Developing expertise in psychoanalytic couple and family therapy in China
Authors: Wanlass Janine
Published: December 2021

The author traces the development of a collaborative psychoanalytic training programme for couple and family therapists in China, launched through the shared efforts of Drs David Scharff, Jill Savege Scharff, Janine Wanlass, Fang Xin and Gao Jun, enrolling more than 400 students over the past twelve years. The stressors of economic change, greater interaction with the West, legacies left by the Cultural Revolution, challenges associated with the one-child policy, and escalating divorce rates created a need for therapists to intervene with Chinese couples and families exhibiting distress (Scharff, 2020, 2021). A training programme was conceived, including didactic teaching from an object relations perspective, a live clinical demonstration of psychotherapy with a couple or family, and small process groups led by Chinese therapists to help trainees integrate affective, cognitive, and behavioural learning components. The author contends that the success of this programme was largely dependent on a collaboration of cultures and personnel, as American teachers learned about psychoanalytic thinking from a Chinese cultural lens and Chinese administrators, faculty, and students discovered effective ways to address the mental health struggles of Chinese couples and families.
CURRICULA, HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND SCIENCE EDUCATION
Authors: Pisano Raffaele
Published: December 2021

Generally speaking, current school science curricula have been constructed for the purpose of preparing students for university and college scientific degrees. Such education does not meet the needs of the majority of students who will not pursue tertiary studies in science or even science-related fields. These students require knowledge of the main ideas and methodologies of science. It seems that the didactics of scientific disciplines across Europe have failed to solve the “crisis” between scientific education and European social and economic development. This is generally recognized in the reports published concerning science education in Europe (Rocard report, etc.) which propose new strategies to be implemented in teaching through the identification and promotion of Inquiry based Science Education (IBSE) and other strategies. It is timely that there is a multi disciplinary dialogue exchanging new ideas and proposals between educational researchers, historians, philosophers and learning theorists.
FLEXIBLE EXAMINATION AS A PATHWAY TO LEARNING
Authors: Diedrichs Peter , Willen Lundgren Berit , Karlsudd Peter
Published: December 2021

Previous research in the field of educational development has highlighted the importance of examination in the learning process. In most educational contexts tests and grades are the most important influences on the students’ learning strategies. A well planned examination strategy is seen as contributing to better learning. A test of flexible examination forms was carried out in the Linnaeus University’s teacher training program in Sweden. During a course in special needs education, 119 teacher trainees were given the opportunity to choose examination method at the start of the course. They were able to choose between four different examination methods and were in addition allowed to propose their own examination method.
After the students had been examined they completed an evaluation on their newly acquired and previous examination experience and with the key question being which form of examination was most beneficial to the learning process.
The results show that even if the students saw examination as an opportunity for learning and appreciated the option of freely choosing examination method, they did not choose the examination form according to its benefit for the learning process. On the contrary they chose the examination form that they expected to be the easiest path towards high grades.
Key words: assessment, assessment system, examination, flexible examination, learning process.
Interdisciplinary analysis of larval dispersal for a coral reef fish: opening the black box
Authors: Counsell CWW , Coleman RR , Lal SS , Bowen BW , Franklin EC , Neuheimer AB , Powell BS , Toonen RJ , Donahue MJ , Hixon MA , McManus MA
Published: December 2021

Many marine animals have a biphasic life cycle in which demersal adults spawn pelagic larvae with high dispersal potential. An understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal is critical for describing connectivity and local retention. Existing tools in oceanography, genetics, and ecology can each reveal only part of the overall pattern of larval dispersal. We combined insights from a coupled physical-biological model, parentage analyses, and field surveys to span larval dispersal pathways, endpoints, and recruitment of the convict surgeonfish Acanthurus triostegus. Our primary study region was the windward coast of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. A high abundance of juvenile A. triostegus occurred along the windward coast, with the highest abundance inside Kāne‘ohe Bay. The output from our numerical model showed that larval release location accounted for most of the variation in simulated settlement. Seasonal variation in settlement probability was apparent, and patterns observed in model simulations aligned with in situ observations of recruitment. The bay acted as a partial retention zone, with larvae that were released within or entering the bay having a much higher probability of settlement. Genetic parentage analyses aligned with larval transport modeling results, indicating self-recruitment of A. triostegus within the bay as well as recruitment into the bay from sites outside. We conclude that Kāne‘ohe Bay retains reef fish larvae and promotes settlement based on concordant results from numerical models, parentage analyses, and field observations. Such interdisciplinary approaches provide details of larval dispersal and recruitment heretofore only partially revealed.
COVID-19 and the Differences in Physiological Background Between Children and Adults and Their Clinical Consequences
Authors: KAPUSTOVA L , PETROVICOVA O , BANOVCIN P , ANTOSOVA M , BOBCAKOVA A , URBANCIKOVA I , RENNEROVA Z , JESENAK M
Published: December 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has indeed been one of the most significant problems facing the world in the last decade. It has affected (directly or indirectly) the entire population and all age groups. Children have accounted for 1.7 % to 2 % of the diagnosed cases of COVID-19. COVID-19 in children is usually associated with a mild course of the disease and a better survival rate than in adults. In this review, we investigate the different mechanisms which underlie this observation. Generally, we can say that the innate immune response of children is strong because they have a trained immunity, allowing the early control of infection at the site of entry. Suppressed adaptive immunity and a dysfunctional innate immune response is seen in adult patients with severe infections but not in children. This may relate to immunosenescence in the elderly. Another proposed factor is the different receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and their differences in expression between these age groups. In infants and toddlers, effective immune response to viral particles can be modulated by the pre-existing non-specific effect of live attenuated vaccines on innate immunity and vitamin D prophylaxis. However, all the proposed mechanisms require verification in larger cohorts of patients. Our knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 is still developing.
Pisanje Slobodne Dalmacije o HRSS-u od 1945. do 1947.
Authors: Mišur Ivo
Published: December 2021

Komunistička partija Jugoslavije je tijekom Drugoga svjetskog rata nastojala privući i članove prijeratnoga HSS-a te tako omasoviti partizanski pokret. To im je djelomično i uspjelo jer se na oslobođenom partizanskom teritoriju 1943. formirao Izvršni odbor ove stranke. Nakon završetka rata H(R)SS je zajedno s KPJ sudjelovao na izborima u koaliciji Jedinstveni narodno-oslobodilački front (JNOF). U članku će se prikazati kronologija organizacijske obnove stranke u Dalmaciji. Pošto dosad nema objavljenih relevantnih izvora o broju obnovljenih stranačkih mjesnih organizacija, na temelju novinskih izvještaja Slobodne Dalmacije pokušat će se utvrditi geografska rasprostranjenost ogranaka na području Dalmacije. Istražit će se programska autonomija dalmatinskih ogranaka Stranke prezentirana u dnevnom tisku kroz medijske istupe (intervjue i govore) stranačkih prvaka te službene proglase Izvršnoga odbora Stranke u razdoblju od 1945. do 1947. godine. Također će se analizirati stupanj kadrovske te organizacijske ovisnosti HRSS-a u Dalmaciji o KPJ. Provest će se analiza uloge HRSS-a unutar Narodne fronte. Koristit će se dosadašnja objavljena literatura te arhiv Slobodne Dalmacije, tadašnjega službenoga glasila Narodne fronte Dalmacije.
Effects of Environmental Factors on Diversity of Orthopteran Population in District Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Nawab Muhammad , Sultana Riffat , Kumar Santosh
Published: December 2021

Environment is the predominant factor for deciding the appropriation and abundanceof Orthoptera species globally. During present study, the impact of major environmental factors on abrupt occurrence of Orthoptera species was examined. Orthopterans landed on vast agricultural fields of cotton, wheat, maize, sugarcane and other standing crops in fertile parts and sandy regions of district Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. The survey on different localities of district Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab was conducted from January to December 2019, special attention was paid during rainy season. The total 4908 specimens of order Orthoptera, suborder Caelifera belonged to 8 species were collected from different localities of tehsils Sadiqabad, Rahim Yar Khan, Khanpur and Liaqatpur of district Rahim Yar Khan. The highest number of population, 2080 belonged to Schistocerca gregaria and lowest number of individuals belonged to Acrida exaltata were 135. However, other six species i.e., Peokilocerus pictus, Oxya hyla hyla, Sphingonotus savignyi, Heteracris littoralis, Aiolopus thalassinus thalassinus, Diabolocatantops innotabilis were 1090, 480, 386, 355, 195, 187 respectively. Among them 3472 were males and 1436 were females. The % relative abundance of Orthoptera species recoded from agricultural areas was 61.63 and 38.36 from desert areas. The species diversity indices, richness and equity of agricultural areas were 0.7766, 5.0377, 2.0110 and 0.8600 and sandy areas were 0.5132, 2.3663, 1.5268 and 0.6595 respectively. The highest numbers of specimens collected in the month of October were 1084 due to favourable environmental factors while lowest 112 specimens in the month of January due to unfavourable conditions. The abundance of Orthoptera populations were coincidence with different environmental factors i.e., temperature, humidity and rainfall in different months of year.
Influence of Foliage Applied Zinc on Growth and Yield of Hybrids Sunflower (Helianthus Annus L.)
Authors: Hussain Shabir
Published: December 2021

The aim of study was to evaluate the influence of foliage applied zinc on growth, yield and oil contents of hybrid sunflower. Experimental treatments comprise of two sunflower hybrids viz. H1= Hysun-33 and H2= S-278 and three zinc levels viz. T1= Control (no application), T2=1% ZnSO4 and T3 = 2% ZnSO4. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement and repeated thrice. Data regarding growth, yield and oil contents was collected by using standard procedures. Results revealed that sunflower hybrid Hysun-33 gained maximum plant height (210.67cm), stem diameter (2.427), Head diameter (15.533) achene number (852), achene yield (189.19 t ha-1), leaf area (789.56cm2) and oil contents (40.423%) followed by sunflower hybrid S-278. Zinc application significantly improved the yield and oil contents. In this regard, maximum plant height (194.67 cm), stem diameter (2.718cm), head diameter (14.633 cm), achene number (842.17), achene yield (194.56 t ha-1), leaf area (782.5cm2) and oil contents (40.12%) from 2% foliar application of zinc followed by 1% foliar application of zinc. Whereas, minimum plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, achene number, achene yield, leaf area and oil contents were recorded from control where no zinc was applied. Interaction of sunflower hybrids with zinc was also significant. In this contest, maximum plant height (231.67cm), stem diameter (2.917cm), head diameter (15.7cm), achene number (925.0), achene yield (205.89 t ha-1), leaf area (801.33cm2) and oil contents (41.65%) were recorded from sunflower hybrid hysun-33 with 2% application of zinc followed by sunflower hybrid S-278 with 1% zinc foliar application. In Conclusion, sunflower hybrid along with the 2% foliar application of zinc is most suitable combination to achieve higher yield and oil contents.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Value in Erin Brockovich Movie Script
Authors: Lissamustika Nurfatimah , Putra Ansor , Arman Arman
Published: December 2021

This study focused on analyzing intrinsic and extrinsic value in “Erin Brockovich” by Susanah Grant. This study aimed to describe a character's utterance that contains intrinsic and extrinsic values in Erin Brockovich's movie script.  There are two sources of data in this study, they are movie scripts from Erin Brockovich's movie as primary data and audiovisual movies as secondary data. Data is collected through Searching and downloading the movie script of Erin Brockovich, reading the script, looking for sentences containing the intrinsic and extrinsic value, taking note of Intrinsic value and extrinsic value, coding the data and rechecking the data. Techniques of Data analysis are done through the presentation of data, explaining and interpreting data, and concluding data. This study indicated that the Erin Brockovich movie script has two values as intrinsic and extrinsic value. First, the intrinsic value is presented in the form of Erin's care to the people at Hinkley. Second, the extrinsic value is presented in the form of PG&E's selfish attitude towards the people at Hinckley. The writer obtained 21 data. 18 intrinsic value data and 3 extrinsic data of intrinsic value found in this movie script meaning that intrinsic value is more dominant than extrinsic value. Intrinsic value is more dominant than the extrinsic value because in this movie script the focus is more on discussing positive actions carried out by the characters in the movie that are helping people by overcoming cases of water pollution.
The Flouting and Violating Maxims In Deadpool 2 Movie Script
Authors: Safitri Rismayanti , Martisa Ela
Published: December 2021

This current study is aiming to find out the flouting and violating of maxims  produced by characters in Deadpool 2 movie. The theory uses in this study is theory of Grice about maxims . Descriptive qualitative method is used to analyze the data. Steps in analyzing the data consist of presenting the data, describing the context of the data, interpreting the data and making the conclusion.  Based on the  research, It found  that there are four types of flouting and violating the Grice’s maxims which derived from 22 data. 15 data that flouted the Grice’s maxims, they are 1 data flouting maxim of quantity, 6 data flouting maxim of quality, 1data flouting maxim of relation, and 7 data flouting maxim of manner. 7 data that violated the Grice’s maxims, they are 1 violating maxim of quantity, 1 violating maxim of quality, 3 violating maxim of relation, and 2 violating maxim of manner. Flouting maxim of manner becomes the most dominant types of flouting maxim, and violating maxim of relation becomes the most dominant types of violating maxim in the movie.
Prevalencia y caracterización de mujeres vírgenes con diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix, endometrio y ovario, un estudio de centro único
Authors: Granda Maldonado Doménica Romina , Vicuña Freire Fernando Humberto , Landivar Varas Xavier Francisco
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El cáncer de endometrio, el cáncer de ovario y el cáncer cervicouterino son las neoplasias, dentro del cáncer del aparato reproductor femenino, que se consideran más frecuentes en la actualidad. La aparición de cáncer ginecológico en mujeres vírgenes demuestra que se deben consideran otras factores causales de la enfermedad, sin embargo, en nuestro país, no hay la suficiente evidencia de documentación sobre estos casos. El objetivo del presente estudio medir la prevalencia de cáncer de cuello uterino, útero y ovarios en mujeres vírgenes atendidas en un centro de referencia de Ginecología Oncológica de Guayaquil.

Metodología: El estudio es observacional y transversal, se realizó en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, Guayaquil-Ecuador, de enero del 2013 al diciembre del 2017. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer cervicouterino, de útero y ovarios divididos en Grupo 1 (G1) Mujeres vírgenes y Grupo 2 (G2): Mujeres con vida sexual activa. Las variables fueron edad,  órgano afectado, comorbilidades, antecedente familiar de cáncer, tipo histológico y muerte. La muestra fue no probabilística, tipo censo. Se utiliza estadística analítica, la muestra dividida en 2 grupos se compara usando Chi2. Se reporta Odds Ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95%.

Resultados: En G1 fueron 44 casos y en G2 fueron 337 casos. Lo que representa una prevalencia de 11.55% (IC95% 11.38-11.71%). Cáncer de Ovario en G1 fue 29/44 casos (66%) versus 95/337 casos (28.2%) en G2 P<0.0001 con OR: 4.92 (2.53-9.60). Cáncer de endometrio en G1 13/44 casos (29.5%) versus 54/337 casos (16%) en G2, OR 2.20 (1.08-4.47) P=0.03. Cáncer cervical en G1 2/44 casos (4.5%) y en G2 188/337 casos (55.8%) OR 0.38 (0.009-0.159) P<0.0001. La mortalidad en G1 fue 30/44 casos en G2 fue 130/337 casos, OR 4.14 (2.12-8.08) P>0.0001.

Conclusión: En mujeres sin antecedentes de vida sexual, existe mayor riesgo de cáncer de ovario y de en-dometrio y el riesgo de cáncer de cérvix se disminuye un 96%. La mortalidad de este grupo de mujeres se duplica por la mayor existencia de cáncer de ovario y endometrial.
Perfis composicionais como base metodológica para a modelagem do Prelúdio n.2 de Santoro
Authors: Sousa Daniel , Oliveira Helder , Pires Leandro , Padrão Lucas , Ribeiro Roberto , Trindade Vilane , Pitombeira Liduino
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, realizamos a modelagem do Prelúdio n.2, de Claudio Santoro, com a finalidade de determinar um sistema composicional hipotético com potencial de gerar uma nova obra, aparentada somente em nível profundo com a obra original. Durante a fase analítica foram propostos cinco perfis composicionais totalmente distintos e, partindo desses perfis, chegamos aos sistemas composicionais S2 e S3. Esses sistemas nos possibilitaram planejar e compor dois movimentos de uma nova obra para quarteto de cordas, cujas características estéticas se distinguem drasticamente das características da obra original, embora ambas as obras tenham suas estruturas isomorficamente relacionadas no âmbito de determinados parâmetros musicais.
Актуальные проблемы социальной справедливости в творчестве киргизских поэтов-гастарбайтеров г. Москвы
Authors: Ситнянский Г.Ю.
Published: December 2021

Киргизские трудовые мигранты в России находятся в лучшем положении по сравнению с представителями других стран Средней Азии, как в плане обеспеченности более квалифицированной работой, так и в отношении социальной, культурной, языковой и т.д. интегрированности в российское общество. Эти обстоятельства не только дают части из них возможность заняться художественным творчеством (в стихах и в прозе), но и предоставляют больше шансов его реализовать в плане взаимодействия с российскими литературными организациями: немалая часть представителей киргизского мигрантского литературного клуба «Московские напевы» тесно взаимодействует с Союзом писателей России и другими литературными союзами, вплоть до членства в них. в работе рассмотрено творчество некоторых наиболее выдающихся творческих представителей киргизской диаспоры, посвящённое самым разным вопросам: не только и даже не столько проблемам самих мигрантов в России, но и многим актуальным социальным проблемам на родине, от домашнего насилия до урановых разработок и межэтнических конфликтов. Необходимо отметить при этом, что характер творчества киргизских поэтов постепенно меняется, особенно после получения киргизами-гастарбайтерами ряда льгот по сравнению с другими трудовыми мигрантами в 2018 г., от преобладания чисто мигрантских сюжетов к более общим вопросам социальной справедливости, в первую очередь в своей стране.
Попробуйте пожить от Родины вдали…: социальная справедливость в поэзии узбекских трудовых мигрантов в России
Authors: Примов А.Р. , Оманов З.М.
Published: December 2021

В ряду множества проявлений творческих инноваций в сфере культуры, привнесенных трудовыми мигрантами, важное место заняла поэзия на национальных языках. В данной статье речь идет о мигрантской поэзии на узбекском языке, которая стала заметным явлением сегодняшней российской действительности. Но пока она существует как бы в параллельной реальности – в социальных сетях и на сайтах в Интернете, и ориентирована, в основном, на трудовых мигрантов. Ее побудительные мотивы и главные темы отличны от тех, что заставляли поэтов браться за перо в обычных домашних условиях. Трудовые мигранты пишут о тоске по родине и по близким людям. Целый пласт мигрантской поэзии посвящен испытываемым на чужбине трудностям. Значительное место в творчестве мигрантов занимает тема социальной справедливости, защиты их прав и соблюдения трудового законодательства. Поэты доносят до нас обобщенную реакцию большинства мигрантов на те или иные общественные тенденции. В этом смысле мигрантскую поэзию можно считать своеобразным барометром состояния всей трудовой миграции. В России указанная тема остается практически неразработанной. Для обеспечения научного подхода к проблеме многое могут сделать ученые, работающие в этом направлении. Данная работа является первой попыткой анализа такого феномена, как поэзия трудовых мигрантов, пишущих на узбекском языке.
Augmented Transcutaneous Stimulation Using an Injectable Electrode: A Computational Study
Authors: Verma Nishant , Graham Robert D. , Mudge Jonah , Trevathan James K. , Franke Manfred , Shoffstall Andrew J , Williams Justin , Dalrymple Ashley N. , Fisher Lee E. , Weber Douglas J. , Lempka Scott F. , Ludwig Kip A.
Published: December 2021

Minimally invasive neuromodulation technologies seek to marry the neural selectivity of implantable devices with the low-cost and non-invasive nature of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES). The Injectrode® is a needle-delivered electrode that is injected onto neural structures under image guidance. Power is then transcutaneously delivered to the Injectrode using surface electrodes. The Injectrode serves as a low-impedance conduit to guide current to the deep on-target nerve, reducing activation thresholds by an order of magnitude compared to using only surface stimulation electrodes. To minimize off-target recruitment of cutaneous fibers, the energy transfer efficiency from the surface electrodes to the Injectrode must be optimized. TES energy is transferred to the Injectrode through both capacitive and resistive mechanisms. Electrostatic finite element models generally used in TES research consider only the resistive means of energy transfer by defining tissue conductivities. Here, we present an electroquasistatic model, taking into consideration both the conductivity and permittivity of tissue, to understand transcutaneous power delivery to the Injectrode. The model was validated with measurements taken from (n = 4) swine cadavers. We used the validated model to investigate system and anatomic parameters that influence the coupling efficiency of the Injectrode energy delivery system. Our work suggests the relevance of electroquasistatic models to account for capacitive charge transfer mechanisms when studying TES, particularly when high-frequency voltage components are present, such as those used for voltage-controlled pulses and sinusoidal nerve blocks.
Hypoxia Activates Notch4 via ERK/JNK/P38 MAPK Signaling Pathways to Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression and Metastasis
Authors: Li Xiaochen , Cao Xiaopei , Zhao Hanqiu , Guo Mingzhou , Fang Xiaoyu , Li Ke , Qin Lu , He Yuanzhou , Liu Xiansheng
Published: December 2021

Hypoxia contributes to the progression and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the specific underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here we report that Notch4 is upregulated in lung tissue from lung cancer patients. Functionally, Hypoxia activates the expressions of Delta-like 4 and Notch4, resulting in the excessive proliferation and migration of LUAD cells as well as apoptotic resistance. Notch4 silencing reduced ERK, JNK, and P38 activation. Meanwhile, Notch4 overexpression enhanced ERK, JNK, and P38 activation in LUAD cells. Furthermore, Notch4 exerted pro-proliferation, anti-apoptosis and pro-migration effects on LUAD cells that were partly reversed by the inhibitors of ERK, JNK, and p38. The binding interaction between Notch4 and ERK/JNK/P38 were confirmed by the co-immunoprecipitation assay. In vivo study revealed that Notch4 played a key role in the growth and metastasis of LUAD using two xenograft models. This study demonstrates that hypoxia activates Notch4-ERK/JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathways to promote LUAD cell progression and metastasis.