bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural properties of the composites (BaFe12O19/Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Al-0.5Fe1.5O4) prepared by sol-gel auto combustion
Authors: Admin Admin , Mohammed Mustafa Rashid  , Sabah J. Fathi  , Rafea A. Munef  , Bilal Omer Ahmed
Published: April 2023

The nanocomposites ferrites (BaFe12O19/Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Al­0.5Fe1.5O4) with (x=10,25,50,75,90%) were prepared by sol-gel auto combustion. The micro-structural features of the samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The results were compared which show that the grain size of the nano composites which prepared by sol-gel auto combustion about (25-46) nm.
A study on SS- π- regular fuzzy ideals of semi groups
Authors: Akram S. Mohammed  , Samah H. Asaad
Published: April 2023

In this paper,  the notion of SS -π- regular fuzzy ideals of semi groups as a generalization of regular fuzzy  ideal has been introduced and some of their important related properties have been investigated. Characterizations of fuzzy interior ideal , anti fuzzy ideal , anti fuzzy bi-ideal and anti fuzzy generalized –bi -ideal in terms of SS - π- regular fuzzy ideal have also been obtained .
On S-normed spaces
Authors: Shahen M. Ali  , Laith K. Shaakir
Published: April 2023

The study focused on expanding the concept of 2-normed spaces by developing a new definition ( -normed space), and the study concentrated on the convergent of sequences and Cauchy sequences in our definition, as well as some other branches such as linear transformation and contraction.
Dynamic Prey Predator Model and multiple forms of Harvest of Infected Prey
Authors: S. A. Wuhaib  , M. H. Mansour
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the dynamic of prey predator model was discussed when the relationship between them is functional response type III. In addition, when prey exposure to the disease as nonlinear function. Also the infected prey exposed to harvest as a nonlinear and as linear function. The bounded and positive solutions, periodic, conditions of equilibrium points and the stability were we discussed Some results were illustrated in numerical simulations, and show we can use the linear function of harvesting to control on the dices.
The effect of L-Arginine of treatment for infertile men on semen parameters
Authors: Abdul Rahman Jihad Manssor  , Zaid Mohammed Mubarak Al–Mahdawi  , Azzawi Mustafa
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of oral supplement of L-Arginine on semen parameters as a treatment for infertile men. Patients and methods: The study conducted on 15 infertile men at infertility clinic in SalahadDin general hospital and private clinics and laboratories in Tikrit city from beginning of March to the end of July 2018. Infertility is a common clinical problem affecting 13-15% of couples worldwide. The prevalence varies throughout developed and undeveloped countries, being higher in the latter in which limited resources for diagnosis and treatment exist. L-arginine was given daily and orally at a dose 1000 mg one capsule per day morning after breakfast.
Results: There was a significant increase in total sperm count after treatment with L- Arginine as compare with that before treatment.  Also there was significant elevation active motility and Ejaculate volume after treatment with L- Arginine, as compare with that before treatment. However, there are significant reductions in Sluggish motility, abnormal sperm shape and non-motile sperms after treatment with L-Arginine as compare with that before treatment.
Study of Current - Voltage Characteristics of Normal and Abnormal Glow Discharge in Air at Low Pressures
Authors: Ahmed Y. Owaid
Published: April 2023

In the present study experimental measurements have been carried out to investigate the variation of air discharge voltage (V) and current (I) as a function of working pressure (p), in the ranges (300-500 V), (2-15 mA) and (0.09-0.13 Torr) respectively. Two thick, flat and circular electrodes of radius  (4 cm) of Aluminum with a Pyrex cylinder tube of length (10 cm) and radius  (3.5 cm) were used to generate the air glow discharge modes. The (V-p) characteristics have shown that an increasing in the discharge voltage of normal mode and reduction in that of abnormal mode with increasing the working pressure. It also displayed that the range of upper voltage from breakdown to abnormal glow has a minimum value (15.7 V) at  (0.117 Torr). In addition to that, it is found that  the (I-V) characteristics of air glow discharge modes  are consistent with those reported in the literature for other gases, as argon, hydrogen and oxygen. It is expected that these observations can help to reduce the voltage needed to get an intense abnormal glow discharge in the air, and to understand well the behavior of two modes of glow discharge, that is important in various applications.
Effect of Thickness on Structural and Optical properties of ZnS:Mn films Prepared by RF magnetron Sputtering Method
Authors: Azhar Mohammed Abed  , Abdulhussain K. Elttayef  , Khalid Hamdi Razeg
Published: April 2023

In this study, ZnS: Mn thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering technique, were mixed 20 g of ZnS with Mn (2%), and deposited on glass substrate at temperature of 100oC with different thickness (404, 775, and 900) nm. The prepared films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopic(AFM), scanning electronic microscopic (SEM), and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. XRD results shows that the films have single crystallization nature with cubic crystal structure (Zinc blende) and strong peaks at (111) as highly preferential orientation. SEM and  AFM analysis indicates that the diameter of particles were found to be nanometer, it ranged up to 29.55nm, 89.42nm at thickness (900nm) respectively. The results of UV-Vis spectrophotometry show that the transparency of films with different thickness was found to be around 53.43-86.63% in visible range. The band gap energies are calculated to be between 3.20-3.70 eV.
Structural and Optical Properties for TiO2 thin films Prepared by Screen Printing method
Authors: Hiba A. Abdulla  , Abdulla M. Ali  , Khaleel I. Hassoon
Published: April 2023

In this study, Structural and Optical Properties of titanium dioxide thin films are studied, TiO2 (Anatase) thin films were prepared by screen printing (SP) method. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the structure of TiO2 films are polycrystalline and the lattice system is tetragonal. The main diffraction peak of TiO2 was (101) at 2θ=25ᵒ.  The data of optical absorption indicated that TiO2 thin films prepared by SP have a direct optical band gap (about 3.1eV).  The data of reflectivity was also used to calculate the band gap and was around 2.95 eV
α–almost similar operators
Authors: Amjad H. Abdul Majeed  , Laith K. Shaakir
Published: April 2023

The study focuses on α–almost similar operator which is a new concept of the operator theory and also some basic concepts related to the concept α–almost similar.
The study also defines a new concept called   which is an expansion of the concept  and the relationship of this concept with the α–almost similar.
At the end of this research, we study some important relationships among similar, unitarily equivalent, and almost similar on the one hand and α–almost similar on the other.
Modified new conjugate gradient method for Unconstrained Optimization
Authors: Zeyad M. Abdullah  , Hameed M, Sadeq  , Hisham M, Azzam  , Mundher A. Khaleel
Published: April 2023

The current paper modified method of conjugate gradient for solving problems of unconstrained optimization. The modified method convergence is achieved by assuming some hypotheses. The statistical results demonstrate that the modified method is efficient for solving problems of Unconstrained Nonlinear Optimization in comparison with methods FR and HS
On stability Conditions of Burr X Autoregressive model
Authors: Zena. S. Khalaf  , Azher. A. Mohammad
Published: April 2023

This article deals with proposed nonlinear autoregressive model based on Burr X cumulative distribution function known as Burr X AR (p), we demonstrate stability conditions of the proposed model in terms of its parameters by using dynamical approach known as local linearization method to find stability conditions of a nonzero fixed point of the proposed model, in addition the study demonstrate stability condition of a limit cycle if Burr X AR (1) model have a limit cycle of period greater than one.
Using Least squares methods and nonlinear regression Methods to Calculate the Approximate Value of Ionicity in Terms of the Energy Gap
Authors: Ghassan E. Arif  , Sura Y. Jaafar  , Shymaa M. Abdullah
Published: April 2023

The objective of the current study is to find the best mathematical models to calculate the estimated value of the ionization for the physical compounds of semiconductors based on the energy gap throughout using some numerical analysis methods as the least squares method. The best of its branches obtained is a nonlinear method of the second degree, we compare the new result with other methods and we obtained our new method is more accurate and efficiency. Another side we using some regression analysis methods as the regression method. The best of its branches obtained is a nonlinear method of the quadratic regression model.
Approximaitly Primary Submodules
Authors: Ali Sh. Ajeel  , Haibat  K. Mohammadali
Published: April 2023

The study deals with the notion of an approximaitly primary submodules of unitary left -module  over a commutative ring  with identity as a generalization of a primary submodules and approximaitly prime submodules, where a proper submodule  of an -module  is called an approximaitly primary submodule of , if whenever , for , , implies that either  or  for some positive integer  of . Several characterizations, basic properties of this concept are given. On the other hand the relationships of this concept with some classes of modules are studied. Furthermore, the behavior of approximaitly primary submodule under -homomorphism are discussed.
Preparation of Activated Carbon from (Punica granatum .sp) Wood by Chemical Treatment Using Potassium Hydroxide.
Authors: Mayada M. Ali  , Firas E. Fatthee  , Ahmed AbdulkarimThunoon
Published: April 2023

In the present study, activated carbons were prepared from Punicagranatum .sp, using potassium hydroxide as activating agent. Punicagranatum .sp activated carbon(PGAC) was characterization using methylene blue number, iodine number and some physical properties such as humidity, ash content and density. The perfect measurement for this study was the proportion of (1:2.5)(wood : KOH) to give 560mg for iodine number and 67mg for methylene blue number which are good result.
Demodulation and purification of ellagic acid from pomegranate fruit and study antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Hiba H. R  , Eesa. M. Thalij  , Sundus J. M.
Published: April 2023

The ellagic acid is isolated from  pomegranate fruit by liquid–liquid extraction method. This method includes extraction  with 20% (v/v) methanol under reflux conditions for  purification of acid by preparative TLC method using glass plates (20 × 20 cm) coated with silica gel .This acid was detected by TLC, HPLC, UV methods and functional group of the acidwhich was extracted by FTIR technique. The antibacterial activity of Ellagic acid extract of pomegranate fruit  powder was defined by petri Dish technique versus different microbial types, Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two Yeasts(C. glabrata and C. albicams).
Geotechnical properties for sediment of Tigris River reach banks within Tikrit town/ Iraq
Authors: Maha Shaher Badowi  , Mohammad Rashid Abood  , Sabbar Abdullah Saleh
Published: April 2023

The geotechnical, engineering and chemical properties of the sediments of river terraces on the right bank and flood plain on the left bank of Tigris river. The physical tests include (specific gravity, absorption%, moisture content %, atterberge limits, grain size  analysis) showed that the dominant component of soil is (gravel) with varied amount of fine components, the engineering tests include direct shear test, CBR, and point load test, while the chemical analyses include gypsum%, T.D.S% and O.M% showed increase in gypsum% and  T.S.S% in right bank and increase of O.M%, and decrease of the three ratios in the left bank because the leaching of the sediments. The geotechnical study showed many engineering problems occurs in engineering establishments specially in the river terraces because the high ratios of gypsum and T.S.S.
Palynofacies and Paleoenvironment investigation of the Hauterivian – Early Aptian Ratawi and Zubair formations, Balad oilfield, Central Iraq
Authors: Adnan Q. Mahdi  , Fawzi M. Al-Beyati  , A. M. Al Tarif  , El-Arabi H. Shendi  , Mohamed I.Abdel-fattah
Published: April 2023

This work depends on a detailed optical observation study of sedimentary organic facies from the Hauterivian – early Aptian Ratawi and Zubair formations from the Ba-1 well, Balad oilfield, Central Iraq. This study has manifested the advantages of palynofacies analysis methods for source rock evaluation of the studied formations, twenty five cutting rock samples organic facies data indicate a wide variation of source richness, quality and thermal maturity, the Ratawi Formation samples has the Type-II< I kerogen indicates marine environment in immature stage, while Zubair Formation has the Type-II<<  I kerogen (oil-gas prone) reflect the marine environment with  terrigenous influx in early mature to mature stage (early oil window).
Study the structural and optical properties of nanostructure ZnS thin film prepared by Radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique
Authors: Azhar Mohammed Abed  , Abdulhussain K. Elttayef  , Khalid Hamdi Razeg
Published: April 2023

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films were deposited on glass substrate with different thickness by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique, and deals with effect of thickness on the optical and structural properties. The structure, surface morphology and optical properties are investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic forces microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy, and UV-visible spectrophotometer.  The result of XRD show that ZnS thin film exhibited cubic structure with strong peaks at (111) as highly preferential orientation. The maximum particle size of films was found to be 14.4 at thickness 868nm. SEM image show that the shape of grain is like spherical. The result of AFM shows that the surface roughness decrease with increasing in film thickness from (6.19 to 1.45)nm. The result of UV-visible suggests that transmittance increasing with increases in film thickness, the value maximum of ZnS transmission was 87.82%  at thickness 868nm, can be very much useful in the field of solar cell and optical sensor .
Interaction parameters of protons in Aluminum and Iron
Authors: Sabah Mahmoud A  , Mohammed  M. Asker  , Zainb Sameen Ali
Published: April 2023

The interactions parameters(including ,stopping power with orbital electrons, continues slowing down ranges approximation and square of screening angle)for slow protons(10-500)MeV in aluminum and iron elements were calculated by adopting  empirical  equations through  using  Visual Basic Studio program 2016. the  present study indicates that  the calculated parameters  show a linearity with  the atomic number (Z) and the proton incident energy of the absorber the comparison with the available  pervious experimental work gives a good agreement.
The Influence of molecular Effects on Laser Nd:YAG and Diode on Trichophyton Rubrum fungi using RAPD marker
Authors: Marwan A.alkarem A.albaqi  , Awatef Saber Jasem  , Adnan Fathel A.azawai
Published: April 2023

This study was carried out to assess the morphological and molecular effects of the Nd: yag and Diode (semiconductor) lasers on Trichophyton rubrum Fungi using RAPD marke . Sixty samples of skin patches, nail clippings and parts of hair were collected from infected patients of both sexes (34 males  and 26 females) for the age group (1-60) year of patients who have attended to Tikrit Teaching Hospital. The T.rubrum fungi was the most common among the skin fungi, T.rubrum radiated by using two lasers: the Nd: yag  laser with a wavelength (530) nm and energy (300, 500, 700) mJ and for two times exposing 20 and 30 seconds by six coefficients and control sample, the low-density diode (5 mW) for 3 times 10, 20 and 30 seconds on distance 20 cm with three treatments and a control sample. DNA was extracted from the fungus after direct exposure and after leaving it to grow for a whole generation and then was used to complete RAPD reactions using five primers. The RAPD marker gave excellent results with all primers, It was noted that the exposure of T. rubrum to the Nd: yag and Diode lasers with different cards and times had different effects on DNA and caused significant changes in the RAPD patterns compared with the control group, new bands appear and others disappear. The energy affecting the fungus T.rubrum for the first laser Nd: yag is 500 mj at time 30 sec while the power of the laser Diode was 5 mw at time 20 sec. The results suggested that the diode laser is highly effective and has a great effect on the genetic material of fungi compared with the effect of the first laser. The conclusion that the use of laser can affect DNA of skin fungi and may lead to mutations which means that it can be used in the treatment of skin fungal infections and the RAPD was effective in detecting the effect of laser at the molecular level as a simple, and inexpensive.
Preparation and studying Structural and Electrical properties of nano Co3O4
Authors: Nawar Thamer Mohammed  , Wasfi Mohammed Kadem
Published: April 2023

In this study (Cobalt oxide) nano powder prepared using sol-gel method with a crystallite size 22 nm By testing XRD  and by matching with card (JCPDS) files No.( 00-042-1467). Electrical and dielectric properties like (Dielectric constant, resistivity, electrical conductivity) are studied by LCR meter with frequency range from (50 Hz) to (5 MHz ). It was noted that the resistivity and dielectric constant was decreasing while electrical conductivity increased with increased  frequency  .
Some properties on extended eigenvalues and extended eigenvectors
Authors: Laith K. Shaakir  , Anas A. Hijab
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the study extended eigenvalues and extended eigenvectors, and we will investigate the  and give for some concepts properties and result important, also we will find the  and  on the  space, so U is Unilateral shift operator and .
Study the antibiotics sensitivity and beta- lactamase productivity of some Staphylococcus spp. Isolates from different sources of the Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in Mosul City
Authors: Ayman Mohammed Khaleel  , Adeeba Younis  Shareef  , Shakeeba Younis Shareef
Published: April 2023

The study includes the isolation of certain types of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp..The sample materials (blood, wounds, burns) were collected from both genders of all age groups of inpatients in Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in the Mosul during June till end of November 2018.
Staphylococcus aureus was the most common among the isolates with 7 isolates(38.9%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus scriuri Staphylococcus lentus (Staphylococcus simulans) with 2 isolates each with 11.1% followed by Staphylococcus chromogenase, Staphylococcu scapilis and  Staphylococcus xylosus with one isolate for each one 5.5%. The number of isolates was 9 isolates and 50%, followed by wound samples. The isolates were 6 isolated by 33% and the samples of burns were 3 isolates. 17% were isolated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most dominant species.
The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was  studied for 15 antibiotics for different antibiotic groups. The results showed that a difference in the resistance ratio of the isolates to these antagonists, as they were resistant to the Ceftrixone, Cloxacillin 100%.
The Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamycin, Pipracillin, and Amikacin resistance were  reduced. The Ciprofloxacillin antagonist was the most affected on the bacterial isolates studied, followed by the Rifampin. The results showed that the beta-lactamase enzyme was not produced by any of the Iodic methods by 4 bacterial strains, while the rest of the species varied in the susceptibility of production to the enzyme. The Iodine tube is one of the best methods to detect the production of these enzymes.
The susceptibility of bacterial species to the production of large-spectrum beta-lactase enzymes was also tested using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCL) and the double-disc method. Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus capilis, Staphylococcus chromanogenes The first NCCL has shown a single isolation of Staphylococcus capilis ability to produce it
Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Belomycin and Crud Extracts of Mirabilis jalapa Linn in Male White Mice
Authors: WAGDI SABEEH SADEQ  , SHIREEN ABED AL-RAZAQ TAHA
Published: April 2023

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Belomycin (BLM) have been evaluated in bone-marroww cells by micronucleus test, as well as the analysis of sperm shape abnormalities in male white mice, considering that BLM is the most wide anticancer drug used with patients. Also, the study includes assessment the effect of crude water and alcoholic extracts of the four o'clock flowers (Mirabilis jalapa Linn) in reducing BLM toxicity and the study was carried out  in the Genetics Laboratory of the Department of biology for the period from 1-10-2017 to 1-5-2019.So the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated independently and in conjunction between two different dosages of BLM 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1.bwt. and three orally dosage of different concentration of crud extracts, which is 39.8, 26.52, 13.26 mg.kg-1 and 7.02, 4.68, 2.34 mg.kg-1 o water and alcohol extract respectively.
The results of assessment of BLM genotoxic effects showed that the drug caused induction of micronuclei, here were significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNIPCEs) and significant increase in micronuclei(MNI) in the groups treated with 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1 of BLM, compare to negative control at the level of significance P <0.05
On the other hand, the results showed that BLM has potential to induce sperm shape abnormalities, which include head and tail abnormalities, It included an increase in the proportion of morphological abnormalities in the head and tail of the sperm when compared to negative control at the significant level of P <0.05.
The results also showed, that treatment with low dosages of four o'clock flower crud extracts didn’t induce neither micronuclei or any increase in PCEs numbers nor sperm shape abnormalities, although some toxic effects do exist with the higher dosages.
Evaluation of results from dependent treatments of BLM and different concentrations of water and alcoholic crud extracts, we observed significant role of these extracts in reducing toxic effects of the drug BLM in bone marrow cells, which caused significant decrease in mean differences of MNIPCEs and MNI. More over the results showed significant decrease in mean differences of sperm shape and tail abnormalities compared to negative control.
Results of the current study suggest that water and alcoholic four o'clock flower crud extracts have a role in reducing genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of BLM in bone-marrow cells and sperms of white mice
Isolation, Identification of Bacterial Species Causing Chronic suppurative Otitis Media and Detection Some of Their Virulence Factors
Authors: Yumna Shaker Mahmood  , Suha Maher Abed  , Amar Mohammed Alwan
Published: April 2023

The study is conducted to diagnose the aerobic bacterial species causing chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), reveal the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and detect some of their virulence factors. Samples were collected during the period from June till December 2018.  From a total of eighty-two patients admitted to Samarra Hospital and outpatient clinics of both genders with different age groups, 82 bacterial culture are recovered using a cotton swab. Identification of bacterial isolates is performed depending on micro and macroscopic cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. Results of the current work show that the highest infection rates are at the age groups >1 to 5 and 11 to 20 years by (20%). Among eight bacterial species isolated in the current study (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, K.pneumonia, S.epidermidis, E.coli, P.vulgaris, C. freundii, E. Cloacae), S. aureus had scored the highest rate (41%) of the total infections while the lowest rate was scored by E.Cloacae(1%). The antibiotic sensitivity test suggests that almost all isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and meropenem (96% and 94% respectively) while they were resistant to Cefixime. The ability of bacteria is isolated from CSOM to produce biofilm and some virulence factors (gelatinase, hemolysin, DNase, urease) are investigated the virulence factor results revealed that. S. aureus, P.aeruginosa, K. pneumonia had the ability to produce biofilm and S. aureus, P. aeruginosa  have the ability the highest production for the majority of virulence factors.
Optical dispersion characterization of CZTS thin films prepared by sol gel at different annealing temperature
Authors: Ali Ismail Salih
Published: April 2023

Thin films of (CZTS) were prepared by the sol–gel method and annealed at a range of temperatures (500, 550, 600, 650oC) under ambient condition. X-ray diffraction chart shows a preferential direction along (112) which was an indacating to the Kesterite structure. The optical properties of annealing thin films were examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the energy gap was determined by the Tauc method. The band gap values increase with increasing the annealing temperature. The dispersion of refractive  index of the thin film was analyzed by using the concept of single oscillator in Wemple-DiDomenico model. The average values of the dispersion energy (Ed) and the oscillator energy (Eo) of the interband optical transition were obtained, Ed≈23eV, Eo≈3.775eV and Eg≈2.15eV. The average value of the oscillator energy has a close value to that of the energy gap, for this work Eo≈1.737Eg. It has been concluded that, as the annealing temperature of the CZTS thin films increase the optical transmittance and  the energy band gap will be decreased, also there is a blue shift in the shortest optical wavelength of CZTS thin films λCZTS, from 605 to 475nm with increasing annealing temperature from 500 to 600oC.
Enhancement of ZnO nanostructures Properties Grown by Electrochemical deposition technique
Authors: Shahad A.D.  , N.K. Hassan  , Q.H. Mahmood
Published: April 2023

ZnO nanostructure has been successfully synthesized on n-type Si (111) by electrochemical deposition method. The (FESEM) Images Showed that the Seed-shaped ZnO nanostructures with 20 nm radius occurred by changing the annealing time. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that ZnO were hexagonal grown with very high (101) orientation. The Optical gap spectrum proves that the grown ZnO Seed-shaped nanostructures of a very high quality in the UV region from electromagnetic spectrum.
Fabricated of Vertical Axis wind turbine (VAWT) and study the parameter
Authors: Yaseen H. Mahmood  , Mahamed K. bedewy
Published: April 2023

Due to the lack of electric power in areas away from power transmission lines and high prices of conventional fuel due to high pollution. A vertical system is used which depends on wind energy used to rotate a vertical turbine. The system is manufactured from local materials and tested. and study the number of blades with the other characterization of system we found, increasing the torque with increasing the blade of turbine, and increasing the power coefficient with increasing the tip speed ratio and low bitz limit
Dynamical Behavior of some families of cubic functions in complex plane
Authors: Mizal H. Alobaidi  , Omar Idan Kadham
Published: April 2023

The current study deals with the dynamical behavior of three cubic functions in the complex plane. Critical and fixed points of all of them were studied . Properties of every point were studied and the nature of them was determined if it is either attracting or repelling. First function  such that have two critical points  and three fixed points  such that is attracting when  is origin point As shown in figure (2).And  are attracting when  is the region specified by open disc  shown in figure (1.(c)).Second function  such that have two critical points   and three fixed points such that  is attracting when  and that its path is to the origin point as shown in figure (4).And  are attractive when  represents the open disc shown in the figure (3.(c)).Third function  such that  have one critical point  and three fixed points  is attracting that is path is the origin point and  are repelling as shown in figure (5). And all 2-cycles of  are repelling and unstable .
Certain Classes of Univalent Functions With Negative Coefficients Defined By General Linear Operator
Authors: Mazin Sh.Mahmoud  , Abdul Rahman S.Juma  , Raheam A. Mansor Al-Saphory
Published: April 2023

In this study, a subclass of an univalent function with negative coefficients which is defined by anew general Linear operator have been introduced. The sharp results for coefficients estimators, distortion and closure bounds, Hadamard product, and Neighborhood, and this paper deals with the utilizing of many of the results for classical hypergeometric function, where there can be generalized to m-hypergeometric functions.
A subclasses of univalent functions are presented, and it has involving operator which generalizes many well-known. Denote A the class of functions f and  we have other results have been studied.
Protective effect of citrus honey toward the histopathological and biochemical nephrotoxicity damages of gentamicin–induced in local rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
Authors: Riyam Ameen Salih  , Abdul–Karim Salim Mahood  , Samira Abdul-Hussain Abdulla  , Mohammed Abdullah Ajeel
Published: April 2023

Drugs induced nephrotoxicity now considered as an essential reason for kidney failure. Aminoglycoside anti-infection agents, for example, gentamicin, which causes ototoxicity and nephrtotoxicity as a side effect , this research is centered around the utilization of natural materials as an antioxidants against the lethal oxidative activity that applied on the kidney cells ,the most imperative one of these materials is the honey. This work aimed to assess the defensive impact of citrus honey against the histopathological and biochemical harms of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity .24 locally breed rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were used and divided into 4 study groups (6 rabbits per each group), group 1 received I.P daily dose of normal saline (control), group 2 received (80 mg/kg/day) I.P dose of gentamicin, group 3 received (80mg/kg/day) of gentamicin I.P dose in combination with oral dose of Citrus Honey625 mg/kg/day for 14 days and group 4 received (80mg/kg/day) of gentamicin I.P dose in combination with extra dose of Citrus Honey orally for 14 days. All animals (at 15th day) were anesthetized by ether and sacrificed; blood samples were gathered for the subsequent measurement of the serum creatinine, urea and albumin  while an isolated kidney was kept in 10 % of formaldehyde for the histopathological examination. The results demonstrated that gentamicin causes nephrotoxicity showen by elevation of serum level of creatinine, urea and  a decrease in the serum albumin. While the administration of honey in combination with gentamicin reduced the nephro-toxic effect of gentamicin that represented by a reduction of the serum creatinine and urea with improvement of the kidney histological findings.This study concluded that, honey decreased nephrotoxic effect of  gentamicin.
Associаtіon of Еpstеіn - Bаrr vіrus іnfеctіon wіth Brеаst Cаncеr іn Kіrkuk cіty
Authors: Sаnаа Еnаm Аmееn  , Nаϳаt Аbdkаdеr Zаmаn  , Monа Sаlаh   Rаshееd
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in afflicted Iraqi women. All studіеs іn recant yеаrs have іndіcatеd thаt Еpstеіn - Bаrr vіrus (ЕBV) іs аssocіatеd wіth cеrtaіn cаncеrs, іncludіng brеаst cancеr. Thе еаrly dеtеctіon of brеаst cаncеr іs thе bеst solutіon to control thе dіsеаsе. Thе purposе of thіs study іs to rеvеаl thе rеlatіonshіp bеtwееn  ЕBV аnd brеаst cаncеr іn Kіrkuk cіty womеn. Thе study іncludеd thе blood sаmplіng of femаlе wіth brеаst cancеr іn thе аgеs of 23 to 88 yеars for thе pеrіod from Sеptеmbеr 2018 to Aprіl 2019. Thе total numbеr of samplеs was 100 blood samplеs for womеn wіth brеast cancеr and 10 blood samplеs of hеalthy womеn dіd not havе any dіsеasеs іn thе brеast as control to sеrologіcal analysіs was done usіng thе ЕLІSА dеvіcе to dеtеct  ЕBNА-1ІgM аnd ЕВNА-1 ІgG in all sample. The results showed that (76%) of breast cancer womensample were positіvе for ЕBNА-1 ІgG While ІgM аppеаrеd nеgаtіvе in all samples, Thе hіghеst іncіdеncе of ЕВNA-1 ІgG іn female with brеаst cancеr іn thе currеnt study wаs аgеd (56 to 65) yеаrs 22% . 
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ЕBV may have а role or а rеlаtіonshіp with brеаst cancer.
Diagnostic potential of soluble TNF alpha receptor 1 in diabetic and hypertensive patients with renal impairment and UTI.
Authors: Fatin Ayoob Hameed  , Ali Mansoor Al Ameri  , Israa Hashim Saadoon
Published: April 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common diseases. Health care workers in all countries of the world are concerned with the early detection and prevention of kidney diseases. Several novel diagnostic markers are being under investigation nowadays. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its receptors are examples.
Aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of tumor necrosis factor α  receptor 1 (TNFR1) as a biomarker for detection of renal dysfunction.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out for the period from February to June 2019 and included 180 patients (their ages were between 19 and 85 years old) and were divided into 60 patients with renal impairment, 60 hemodialysis patients, and 60 patients with normal renal function (as a control group). Each group included patients with hypertension, patients with diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive- diabetic patients.
The patients were attended to Center of Kidney Disease and Transplantation, Dialysis Unit of Baghdad Teaching Hospital – Medical City , Dialysis Unit of  Tikrit Teaching Hospital and private laboratory in Samarra City.
Urine sample was collected from each patient for bacteriological study and detection the level of TNFR1.
Results: The most common pathogen isolated from cultured samples was Escherichia coli. Concentration of  urinary TNFR1 in hypertensive and or diabetic with normal kidney function compared with hypertensive or and diabetic renal impairment did not differ statistically significant. Conclusion: Urinary level of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) is not important in the diagnosis of renal impairment with the presence of hypertension and or diabetes mellitus. Through statistical comparisons of patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) group and those without UTI group , it seems that UTI does not affect the diagnostic ability of urinary TNFR1. We recommend future studies focusing on serum level of the receptors mentioned above to test their diagnostic potential in renal impairment. In addition, investigating the effect of the immunological causes of renal impairment on the level of TNFR, both in urine and serum.
New record of six species of Myxozoan parasites Myxobolus in Carasobarbus luteus from Tigris River at Baghdad city, Iraq
Authors: Nahla Taleb Mansoor  , Fatima Shihab Al-Nasiri  , Inam Badr Falih
Published: April 2023

During the period from March till the end of October 2018, a total of 60 specimens of Carasobarbus luteus (Cyprinidae) were collected from Tigris River passing through Baghdad city and examined for seeking and identify the Myxobolus infection. The results of examination revealed that these fishes were infected with six species of genus Myxobolus including M. feisti (1.66%) from tissue of gills, M. gigi (1.66%) from spleen, M. impressus (3.33%) from kidney, M. musajevi (1.66%) from kidney, M. phylloides (1.66%) from kidney and M. suturalis (1.66%) from kidney. These six species were recorded in the present study for the first time in Iraq. The description and measurements of these papasites are presented.
Synthesis and characterization of new mixed ligand complexes of Zn (II) and Hg (II) with dithiocarbamate and phosphines
Authors: Ola M. Abdul Kareem  , Hayfaa M. Jirjes
Published: April 2023

Complexes of the type [M (Et2DTC)2]2 [M= Zn(1) or Hg(2)]  were prepared from the reaction of mercury acetate or zinc acetate with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (NaEt2DTC.3H2O) in (1:2) molar ratio (metal: ligand) in mixture of MeOH and H2O as a solvent. Treatment equal molar of  (1) or (2) with diphosphine ligands {where diphos: bis (diphenylphosphino) methane (dppm), 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) ethane (dppe)  and  1,3-Bis (diphenylphosphino) propane (dppp)} afforded complexes of the type [Zn(Et2DTC)2(dppeO)] (3); [Zn(Et2DTC)2(dpppS)] (4a); [Zn(Et2DTC)2(dppp)] (4b); [Hg(Et2DTC)2(dppm)] (6a); [Hg(Et2DTC)2(µ-dppm)]2(6b); [Hg(Et2DTC)2(dppe)](7) and [Hg(Et2DTC)2(dppp)](8), or with two moles of triphenylphosphine (PPh3) afforded a complexes of the type [M(κ1-Et2DTC)2(PPh3)2] (5a, 9a) and [M(κ2-Et2DTC)2(PPh3)2] (5b, 9b) {M= Zn, Hg}. The prepared complexes were fully characterized by different technics such as IR, NMR (1H and 31P) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and molar conductivity. Characterization data showed that the (Et2DTC) ligand in all of the prepared complexes was coordinated with metal through the sulfur atoms of CSS- group. The geometry of the complexes (1-9) were tetrahedral around the Zn(II) and Hg(II) ions, except isomers 5b and 9b are octahedral geometry. .
Determination of Meropenem by Spectrophotometric-Application to Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Nada A. Khalil  , Walada H. Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method was described for the determination of Meropenem in pure and in pharmaceutical formulations. 2,3 dichloro 5,6 dicyano 1,4 benzoquinone(DDQ)has been used for determination of meropenem by formation of charge transfer complex measured at 345 nm.Beer᾽s law is obeyed in the concentration range of (0.625-12.5µg/ml) The molar absorptivity (2.3889×104)l.mol1-.cm1-,Sandellʹs sensitivity index is 0.0161µg.cm2-,The method is precise (relative standard deviation RSD% is better than ±3.32%) and accurate (relative error in the range of -0.97 to-0.60%)  depending on the concentration  level.
The method was applied succefully to the assay of Meropenem in pharmaceutical preparation in the form of injection.
Microfacies and Palaeoenvironment of Avanah Formation (Middle Eocene) Geli Bessri in Dohuk City / North of Iraq
Authors: Mustafa A. Abdullah  , Faris N. Hassan  , Abdulsalam. M.Saleh
Published: April 2023

This research is based on (23) Samples selected from the Avanah Formation (Middle Eocene) in the Geli Bessri section in Dohuk to recognize the microfacies and depositional environments. The Avanah Formation consists of rocks of marly limestone and limestone containing Alveolina and thin layers of sandstone lithofacies found in the lower part of the Formation. The depositional environment was determined depending on skeletal and non- skeletal grains. The facies of the Avanah Formation were divided into four main microfacies and four submicrofacies based on skeletal and non- skeletal grains: The mudstone and wackestone, which is divided into benthic foraminifera wackestone and Rotaliids wackestone, the Formation also contains the packstone which is divided into the Rotaliid - Miliolid Lime packstone submicrofacies and benthic foraminifera lim packstone submicrofacies, in addition to the lime grainstone and also contains the Sandstone lithofacies located at the bottom of the Formation. The Avanah Formation in the middle and upper part is subjected to diagenesis process early dolomization and it is observed this through floating dolomite rohmb. According to the results of the facies analysis and the presence of foraminifera fossils, the Formation was deposited in open marine platform to restricted platform interior.
A New Hybrid Grasshopper Optimization - Backpropagation for Feedforward Neural Network Training
Authors: Samer Alsammarraie  , Nazar K. Hussein
Published: April 2023

The Grasshopper optimization algorithm showed a rapid converge in the initial phases of the global search, however while being around the global optimum, the searching process became so slow. On the contrary, the gradient descending method around achieved faster convergent speed global optimum, and the convergent accuracy was showed to be higher at the same time. As a result, the proposed hybrid algorithm combined Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) along with the back-propagation (BP) algorithm, also referred to as GOA–BP algorithm, was introduced to provide training to the weights of the feed forward neural network (FNN), the proposed hybrid algorithm can utilize the strong global searching ability of the GOA, and the intense local searching ability of the Back-Propagation algorithm. The results of experiments showed that the proposed hybrid GOA–BP algorithm was better and faster in convergent speed and accuracy than the Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) and BP algorithm.
Anew Conjugate Gradient Algorithm Based on The (Dai-Liao) Conjugate Gradient Method
Authors: SHAHER QAHTAN HUSSEIN  , GHASSAN EZZULDDIN ARIF  , YOKSAL ABDLL SATTAR
Published: April 2023

In this paper we can derive a new search direction of conjugating gradient method associated with (Dai-Liao method ) the new algorithm becomes converged by assuming some hypothesis. We are also able to prove the Descent property for the new method, numerical results showed for the proposed method is effective comparing with the (FR, HS and DY) methods.
Feeble ring
Authors: Sinan O. AL-Salihi  , Alaa N. Salman
Published: April 2023

An ideal A of a semiring S is called k-ideal if for any two elements r A and x S such that r A, then x Aʺ. This leads us to introduce the new concept feeble ring as generalization of k-ideal. Several basic properties, example and characterization of this concept are given. Moreover, the study investigate relationship of feeble ring with other classes.
Еvalutіon urіnе ІL-10 іn prеgnant womеn іnfеctеd wіth UTІ іn dіffеrеnt prеgnancy trіmеstеrs at Samarra cіty
Authors: Іbtіssam Saееd Abass  , Hala A. Awadh  , Azzawі M. Hadі
Published: April 2023

Urіnary tract іnfеctіon іs a common dіsеasе, affеctіng a large numbеr of womеn еspеcіally prеgnant womеn, thе prеsеnt study aіmеd to comparе among lеvеls of ІL-10 іn urіnе durіng dіffеrеnt prеgnancy pеrіods. 70 samplеs of urine wеrе collеctеd from іnfеctеd womеn and 20 samplеs of urіnе wеrе usеd as a control. For culture of bacteria specific culture media are used. The result's show that gram-nеgatіvе bactеrіa еspеcіally Еschеrіchіa colі were thе hіghеst іncіdеncе of UTІ іnfеctіon among thе othеr dіffеrеnt mіcroorganіsms spеcіеs. Urіnе lеvеls of ІL-10 wеrе еstіmatеd by ЕLІSA and thе rеsult showеd sіgnіfіcant dіffеrеncеs іn ІL-10 mеan lеvеls among trіmеstеr prеgnancy groups and control group (p <0.01(. P-Valuе in the first trimester was 0.00002, in second trimester was 0.00003 and in the third trimester was 0.00001.
Study of the correlations between serum iron and Hepcidin with some biochemical variables in hyperlipidemia of elderly males and females in Salah Al Deen Province
Authors: Khalida Khalil Abdullah  , Saleh Mohammed Rahim
Published: April 2023

The present research was designed to investigate the role of the relationship between Iron and hepcidin hormon with some biochemical variables in patients with hyperlipidemia in both males and females elderly in Salah al-Din governorate. The study included 40 individuals distributed into two groups. The first group was the control group, which included 20 human males and females and the second group included 20 patients (10 males and 10 females) whose ages ranged between (60-79) years. Blood was collected to estimate the hepcidine hormone, iron, cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins. The results showed a significant increase in (P≥ 0.05) in the concentration of iron and hepcidin hormone, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoproteins while showed a significant decrease in (P≥ 0.05) in the concentration high-density lipoproteins in patients Males and females hyperlipidemia compared to the control group. The results also indicated a direct correlation relationship between iron and hepcidine hormone and studied variables cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoproteins in patients compared to the control group. It is concluded through the results that iron and the hepcidin hormon may have an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive patients in elderly both males and females.
Effect of spraying of GA3 and Some Micronutrients on the growth and Mineral content of Cress plant (Lepidium sativum L.)
Authors: Jamel Y. Ali Altememe  , Noor E.M. Hachim
Published: April 2023

This study is conducted in aspicial farm in Adujail city\Salahaddin Governorate at the season 2015 on the cress plant. Afactorial experiment has conducted with two factors, the first is spraying with GA3 (G0 without spraying, G1 spraying with 50 mg.L-1, G2 spraying with 100 mg.L-1of GA3).the second factor is spraying with Micro Nutrients (T0 without spraying, T1spraying with 50 mg.L-1 of Fe,T2 spraying with 50 mg.L-1 of Mn, T3 spraying with amixture of 50+50 mg.L-1from Fe and Mn). The experiment is designed with (RCBD), the treatments were replicated 4 times and Duncuns Multiple Range Test at the probability 5% is used and the results are as fellowed:
GA3 spraying causes asignificant increase in all Vegetative growth characters compared with the others which are not sprayed and also the Macro Nutrients concentration. Micro Nutrients sprayes on the Cress plants also causes asignificant increase in most Vegetative characters  and Macro and Micro Nutrients content, specially the treatment of Fe and Mn mixture. Interaction between GA3 and Micronutrient is significant in all the treatment specially the treatment (100 mg.L-1 of GA3 + amixture  of 50+50 mg.L-1 of Fe + Mn ) which give ahighest values of Vegetative growth and Macro and Micro Nutrients content .
Silver and Cobalt nanoparticles as potential antibacterial agents Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infections
Authors: Wisam F. Hameed1  , Yassien H. Owaid  , Bashar S. Noomi  , Aswad H. Nada
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to isolate and diagnose S. aureus from patients with wound infection after collecting (100) clinical samples of patients attending Salah Al-din General Hospital from the beginning of April to the end of September 2019 from different wound areas, and to study the effect of silver nanoparticles and cobalt on them. The results of the study showed that the two nanoparticles used have the ability to inhibit growth  of S. aureus at different concentrations, The molecular study included the observation of the most important molecular changes at the level of DNA after treatment with nanomaterials, where many variations were observed on the bacteria studied, including these changes the emergence and disappearance of packages of DNA and different numbers when treated with nanomaterials, The results of the study showed that the laboratory rats when infected with S.aureus, appeared after about a week and the symptoms which include; clear skin scaling and hair loss at the site of infection. It is also clear that the recovery time was rapid in group of infected rats which treated with nanomaterials