bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishing the posh scaffold as a novel therapeutic target for treatment of B cell leukemia
Authors:   , Cardwell Leah Nicole
Published: August 2021

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] More than 60,000 new cases of leukemia will be diagnosed in the U.S. this year. B cells comprise 10 [percent] of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALL) and almost all chronic lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL). B-ALL are typified by rapid progression (weeks) and are predominant in children. B-CLL is characterized by slow progression (months) and are predominant in adults. Despite advances in current treatment therapies, over 23,000 people will die from leukemia this year. Thus, the focus of this research was to establish a novel therapeutic target for treatment of B cell leukemia. In B cells, intracellular c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, regulates cell survival and death in response to cellular stimuli. Cell stressors predominantly induce sustained JNK activity and apoptosis, with chemotherapeutic drugs initiating JNK-mediated apoptosis in leukemic B cells. However, stimuli specific modulations in JNK activity also results in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, with several B-ALL/B-CLL exhibiting overactive JNK signaling for survival. JNK signaling is activated via a three-tiered cascade composed of MAP3K-MAP2K-MAPK (JNK) proteins. Scaffold-mediated formation of unique multi-protein-containing complexes regulate cell-type and stimuli-specific signaling cascades. Plenty of SH3 domains (POSH) is a scaffold protein that acts as a platform for concentrated assembly of unique MAPK-containing complexes to efficiently mediate pro- or anti-apoptotic JNK signaling outcomes. We are the first to characterize the function of the POSH scaffold in both healthy and leukemic B cells. Herein, we report that disruption of POSH scaffold function induces JNK-mediated apoptosis of several diverse acute and chronic B cell leukemias, healthy splenic B cells, but with limited survival functions in healthy bone marrow B cells, via use of our unique competitive inhibitor termed Tat-POSH-inhibitor. In addition to these findings, we also report experimental insights into POSH mechanistic functions, generation of POSH knockout mice, and the generation and characterization of novel cell-targeting aptamer- and micelle-based methods of Tat-POSH-inhibitor delivery. The work presented in this dissertation aims to establish POSH as a novel therapeutic target for treatment of acute and chronic B cell leukemias.
The underlying genetic control of maize root system architecture
Authors:   , Bray Adam
Published: August 2021

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) is one of the most widely cultivated and highest yielding grain crops in the world. The genetic and phenotypic diversity of maize facilitate its use by plant breeders and basic researchers alike. However, the root system has long remained inconspicuous, despite its foundational role in key plant and environmental processes. Abiotic stresses including lack of water and nutrients negatively impact crop yields. In the soil, roots provide plants access to these vital resources, which are often ephemeral and unevenly distributed. Thus, the root system architecture (RSA) -- when and where a plant places its roots -- is key for stress tolerance and plant health. No genes have been identified in maize that control RSA. The goal of this research is to identify genes and mechanisms that control root architecture through the use of advanced imaging techniques and classical root mutants. Specifically, the research will focus on germplasm characterization with novel root imaging techniques, as well as linking quantitative genetic variation to single gene mutants for root gravitropic response and crown root number, both target traits to improve nutrient and water capture in maize.
Voice in marketing interactions
Authors:   , Balducci Bitty (Elizabeth)
Published: August 2021

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Voice is an intrinsic feature of marketing interactions that varies among individual agents, across encounters, and throughout interactions. Despite the prevalence of voice in marketing interactions and its importance as a communicative tool, it remains one of the least studied elements resulting in limited understanding of how voice contributes to interaction outcomes. This dissertation examines voice through systematic conceptualization of its verbal (linguistic) and vocal (acoustic) features and sheds light on how they shape business outcomes. In two essays, this dissertation investigates this pervasive, yet under-studied feature of marketing interactions and provides empirical evidence of the importance of its consideration in in marketing interactions. Essay 1: Organizational Agent Voice in Business-to-Business Customer Interactions. My first essay takes a crucial initial step in enhancing understanding of agent voice by providing a framework for studying voice through systematic conceptualization of its verbal (linguistic) and vocal (acoustic) cues and how they communicate meaning in B2B agent-customer interactions. Specifically, this paper addresses two research questions: (1) what dynamic customer voice measure can serve as a key diagnostic metric for understanding the impact of agent voice on interaction outcomes? And, (2) how do agent verbal and vocal cues interplay to impact key dynamic customer metrics during interactions? An exploratory empirical investigation that isolates verbal and vocal cues in a naturalistic B2B interaction examines these questions and finds that agents' verbal and vocal cues jointly influence customer receptivity, which in turn, acts as a strong mediator of agent voice on interaction outcomes. Implications for research and practice are discussed. Essay 2: The Role of Voice in Salesperson Lead Calling Effectiveness. In essay 2, I examine voice in a context of growing importance to practitioners: inside sales. Inside sales, or remote selling activities within a firm, are growing at an unprecedented pace due to their ability to substantially reduce selling costs while enhancing efficacy of traditional outside sales forces. Effective lead conversion is a, if not the, critical challenge facing the inside sales force. In this essay, I conceptualize verbal (ask specificity, communicating value, relating knowledge expression, customer-tailored inquiry) and vocal (confidence, affability) tactics relevant in inside sales lead calling and analyze their impact on lead conversion through acoustic and textual analysis of naturalistic inside sales phone conversations. This research draws on persuasion knowledge literature to conceptualize which verbal and vocal tactics are most effective in motivating lead conversion. Given poor conversion rate (20 [percent]) of lead calls, understanding ways to enhance sales efficacy would be welcomed by practitioners.
Agroforestry buffer, biomass crop, and grain crop effects on soil quality and soil water use
Authors:   , Alagele Salah Mahdi
Published: August 2021

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Soil degradation, impaired water quality, and reduced soil organic carbon have become major concerns in the management of degraded claypan soils with their associated ecological and environmental challenges. Restoration of degraded soils by the adoption of recommended perennial vegetative management systems can rehabilitate watersheds and lead to enhancing soil health. Sustainable management practices such as trees, grasses, biomass crops may avoid soil degradation as well as improve soil and water quality. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the effects of different perennial vegetative management systems and soil depth (10-cm depth increments from the surface to the 40-cm depth) on soil bulk density (ρb), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), soil water retention, and pore size distributions as compared to corn (Zea mays L.) -- soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation; (ii) to assess the influence of perennial mament systems, landscape positions (summit, backslope, and footslope), soil depth, and the distance from the tree base for the agroforestry buffer (AB) (50 and 150 cm) treatment on soil quality relative to row crop management; (iii) to determine the impacts of perennial vegetation practices and soil depth on soil water dynamics as compared to row crop system; (iv) to evaluate the effects of long-term perennial management and cropping systems, landscape positions, and the distance from the base of a tree trunk on soil microbial biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC); and (v) to assess the conservation vegetative management practice effects on potential evapotranspiration (ETo). The experiment was conducted at the Greenley Memorial Research Center in northeastern Missouri, USA. Vegetation management treatments were row crop (RC), grass buffer (GB), agroforestry buffer (AB), grass waterways (GWW), and biomass/biofuel crop (BC), which were established in 1991, 1997, 1997, 1997, and 2012, respectively. ... The results of these studies imply that the establishment of perennial vegetative management systems of trees, grasses, and biomass crops on degraded soils can improve soil hydraulic properties, soil quality, soil water storage, soil microbial biomass, and soil water use. These improvements may ameliorate the productivity of degraded claypan soils as well as provide more economical and environmental benefits. Perennial management systems such as trees and grasses can play a considerable role in enhancing soil health for future sustainable production and ecosystem services.
Mathematical and computational modeling of fluid flow with applications in ophthalmology and geoscience
Authors:   , Abdelhafid Farah
Published: August 2021

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Complex systems in our life can be translated to mathematical models whose solutions can help us to predict the behavior of the system. Disease in eye and internal erosion in the embankment dam are examples of these complex system. The purposes of this study were (i) to simulate aqueous humor in the anterior chamber in the human eye using mathematical modeling based on operator splitting for the thermo-fluid-dynamical simulation and (ii) to model the motion of water and fluidized soil particles through the embankment dam to calculate three important parameters which included porosity, saturated and pressure of water based on the Forward Euler method for the mass conversation law and Darcy's Law. The FreeFEM++ programming language software package was used to implement both problems. The simulation results of aqueous humor indicate that the current simulations are conducted by only first-order accurate in time. The mathematical simulations have proven that changes in posture have a nontrivial impact on temperature and velocity profiles. Interestingly, the two vortices that describe the supine and prone positions are not present when standing. Therefore, this study proposed a numerical approach, which applies aqueous humor in the anterior chamber in the human eye, has the potential to serve as a robust framework on which further physical mechanisms can be incorporated. The simulation results of the second aim revealed that the step time dt has significant effects on the solution of this model. Different simulation results have been obtained when we run the FreeFEM++ script with different dt for the same period time. Also, the study recommends considering the temperature, which should be a focus of future simulation studies due to soil temperatures which fluctuate above and below 0 C. The simulation results of these studies imply that developing mathematical modeling has successfully simulated two significant problems from our life. Both problem modeling, the flow of aqueous humor in the human eye and the embankment dam, and simulations are important contributions to the fields and our life that undoubtedly will encourage the scientists for continued research in these disciplines for the coming years. Computer simulations, which are built on mathematical modeling, are used daily in scientific research of all types and problems, for informing decision making in many fields.
Photocatalytic antimicrobial coating for food contact surfaces
Authors:   , Torres Dominguez Edu
Published: August 2021

Food-borne diseases cause approximately 9.4 million illnesses each year in the United States, while globally, these diseases cause approximately 600 million cases of illness and [approximately] 420,000 deaths. Food contact surfaces, such as food packaging materials, food processing equipment surfaces, utensils, etc., are often responsible for the contamination of food with a variety of pathogens, including bacteria. To prevent such pathogens from contaminating edible goods, antimicrobial coatings can be applied on food contact surfaces. However, the global legal framework surrounding coatings for food contact surfaces necessitates that, in order to reach their full potential and application at food processing facilities, these coatings must not only exhibit the ability to kill bacteria, but must also demonstrate mechanical resistance to withstand external stressors, particularly those due to typical equipment sanitization procedures. In the present work, we describe our approach to designing, synthesizing, and characterizing an antimicrobial coating for food contact surfaces, based on the existing legal framework governing these materials, having both antimicrobial activity and mechanical durability, both of which are necessary before antimicrobial materials will earn wide-spread acceptance and adoption by the food processing industry. We focus on photocatalytic antimicrobial coatings, specifically, titanium dioxide coatings, fabricated using the sol-gel method. We explore the relationships among porosity, pore architecture, photocatalytic activity, antimicrobial behavior, and mechanical durability (primarily hardness and elastic modulus) of titanium dioxide coatings. During this exploration, we first optimized the photocatalytic activity of the coatings. Then, we optimized the mechanical durability of the coatings via a sequential response surface methodology to identify synthesis parameters that would lead to coatings with the highest photocatalytic activity and balanced values of hardness and elastic modulus. Once these conditions were identified and validated, the resulting optimized coatings were fully characterized and tested against food-borne bacteria Escherichia coli O157:H7. The results show that it is possible to achieve coatings with both sufficient antimicrobial activity and mechanical durability to withstand typical food processing operating conditions. In the long term, the long-term impact of this work can be enumerated as follows: (1) Development and validation of advanced and innovative technologies for food processing, manufacturing, packaging and sanitation that improve food safety and food defense, (2) Development of effective interventions for reducing contaminants in foods, and (3) Development and validation of novel strategies for the effective control of persistent reservoirs of food-borne pathogens.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
Authors: ALakkad Ashraf , Gamea Mohamed , Hussien Hesham , Sami Mahmoud , Khalil Salah Eldin , Ahmed Adel , Mohammed Noorullah
Published: August 2021

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a medical emergency with varied clinical manifestations. TTP is a rare condition, but one that carries a high mortality. High index of suspicion with careful evaluation of thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia is of paramount importance. Symptoms result from microthrombi affecting microcirculation and can be varied depending on the organs involved. Laboratory parameters of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia i.e. schitocytosis and increased LDH and indirect hyperbilirubinemia support the diagnosis. Plasma exchange is the treatment of choice. Other modalities that may provide therapeutic benefit in cases of relapsing TTP or in patients with slow or partial response to plasma exchange include vincristine and rituximab. Splenectomy done in remission may decrease recurrence in patients with relapsing TTP.
Multi-Agent Adaptive e-Learning System Based on Learning Styles
Authors: Kivuva Faith Ngami , Maina Elizaphan , Gitonga Rhoda
Published: August 2021

Most traditional e-learning system fails to provide the intelligence that a learner may require during their learning process. Different learners have different learning styles but the current e-learning systems are not able to provide personalized learning. In this paper, we discuss how intelligent agents can aid learners in their learning process. Three agents have been developed namely, learner agent, information agent, and tutor agents that will be integrated into a learning management system (Moodle). Learners are provided with a personalized recommendation based on the learning styles.
Indeks Entomologi Vektor Nyamuk Aedes spp di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kecamatan Tanjungpinang Timur Kota Tanjungpinang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Kurnia Risman , Satoto Tri Baskoro Tunggul , Lazuardi M Lutfan
Published: August 2021

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a health problem in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the vector entomology index of Aedes spp mosquitoes in dengue endemic areas in the East Tanjungpinang District, Tanjungpinang City. The study was conducted in January-March 2020 with a cross sectional method. The research locations in DHF endemic areas are Batu 9 and Bulang villages. Entomological data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the value of the House index for Batu 9 was 45% and Kampung Bulang was 38.8%. The Containteir index value is 12.6% in Batu 9 and Kampung Bulang. The Breteau index value in Kelurahan Batu 9 was 76% and Kampung Bulang was 68%, while the Larva free rate in Batu 9 was 55% and 61% in Kampung Bulang Village. Density of dengue vector larvae based on HI, CI and BI in both DHF endemic villages is on a scale of 4-7 and is included in the medium and high risk categories. This explains that the entomological index in East Tanjungpinang District is still low, so it is necessary to control Aedes spp larvae by draining the bath, closing water storage, conducting mosquito nest eradication, and burying used goods so that they do not become a breeding place for DHF vectors.
Efektivitas Edukasi Menggunakan Media Whatsapp terhadap Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Lombok Barat Menghadapi Bencana Tanah Longsor
Authors: Andrayani Lale Wisnu , Cembun Cembun , Hariawan Hamdan
Published: August 2021

Landslides as a natural disaster often occur due to the movement of landmasses. Lack of community preparedness in facing disasters is one of the significant risk factors for catastrophe. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of education using WhatsApp on community preparedness to face landslides. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test design with a control group. The number of samples was 30 people taken by simple random and divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group was given educational intervention with WAG media (WhatsApp Group), while the control group was assigned a P2P (Picture to Picture) intervention. Preparedness data in the form of knowledge and attitudes were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that statistically, there was no difference in preparedness to face landslides through WAG or P2P. However, there was an increase in readiness through knowledge and attitudes in both groups. Education about landslide preparedness through WAG or P2P has the same effect in increasing public knowledge and perspectives. The information received through WAG or P2P will ultimately influence a person's experience and attitudes regarding landslide disaster preparedness.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPACT METHODS REPRESENTATIONS OF GRAPHIC INFORMATION
Authors: Gertsiy O.
Published: August 2021

The main characteristics of graphic information compression methods with losses and without losses (RLE, LZW, Huffman's method, DEFLATE, JBIG, JPEG, JPEG 2000, Lossless JPEG, fractal and Wawelet) are analyzed in the article. Effective transmission and storage of images in railway communication systems is an important task now. Because large images require large storage resources. This task has become very important in recent years, as the problems of information transmission by telecommunication channels of the transport infrastructure have become urgent. There is also a great need for video conferencing, where the task is to effectively compress video data - because the greater the amount of data, the greater the cost of transmitting information, respectively. Therefore, the use of image compression methods that reduce the file size is the solution to this task. The study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of compression methods. The comparative analysis the basic possibilities of compression methods of graphic information is carried out. The relevance lies in the efficient transfer and storage of graphical information, as big data requires large resources for storage. The practical significance lies in solving the problem of effectively reducing the data size by applying known compression methods.
Imaginando nuevos vínculos en el Antropoceno: otras correspondencias e historias entre el bosque de alerces, las tejuelas y los humanos
Authors: Achondo Pedro Pablo
Published: August 2021

El artículo propone, a través de un ejercicio de imaginación, nuevas posibilidades de comprensión y relación entre la vida humana y lo otro-que-humano. La crisis profunda en la que estamos inmersos, conceptualizada en términos del Antropoceno requiere una reflexión sobre la vida. Reflexión que ya no puede ser solamente al modo humanista ni científico-técnico, sino que requiere dialogar con otras epistemologías para reinterpretar las materialidades y los vínculos que construyen la vida humana sobre el planeta. Para ello se toma el caso de la tejuela de alerce, la que proveniente de los bosques de la Cordillera Pelada e instalada en el sur de Chile y narrada en sus múltiples interacciones nos conducen a una amplitud del pensar, del sentir y del conocer, a fin de cuentas, a una comprensión distinta del territorio. Es decir, a una lectura que ayude a reconducir el tiempo presente y enfrentar la crisis socioambiental de la mejor manera posible o, al menos, de una manera donde la imaginación y la creatividad jueguen un papel fundamental en la trama que llamamos coexistencia. Se presentan dos historias para enriquecer lo teóricamente discutido, de manera de ver materializada la imaginación y estimular otras prácticas y nuevas comprensiones de las alianzas multiespecie.
Territorialidades en disputa en comunas forestales: extractivismo forestal, políticas públicas y hegemonía.
Authors: Grosser Villar Günter
Published: August 2021

Pese a la disminución de la tasa de pobreza en Chile durante los últimos 30 años, el denominado modelo chileno ha generado marcadas brechas estructurales entre territorios, lo que indica que el desarrollo solamente ha alcanzado algunos lugares de la geografía. En el caso de las regiones forestales, la relación entre desarrollo económico y crecimiento de la gran forestal ha estado en entredicho en la última década, lo que ha llevado a clasificar al sector forestal como un sector extractivo, pese a su condición de recurso renovable. Lo anterior ha motivado la configuración de diversos relatos referentes al territorio, los que transitan desde el rechazo hacia el sector forestal hasta la negociación y la aceptación de este. Este artículo se propone explorar las distintas territorialidades existentes en diez comunas forestales de la región centro-sur de Chile, empleando para ello un método cualitativo mediante el uso de teoría fundamentada, donde se triangula el análisis de reportes de sostenibilidad de las empresas forestales Arauco y CMPC con la aplicación de 17 entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores relevantes del territorio (militantes del movimiento mapuche, encargados de asuntos públicos de Arauco y CMPC y actores de la sociedad civil). Los resultados arrojan que se constituyen tres territorialidades, las cuales se disputan los significados asociados al territorio: una territorialidad hegemónica, expresada en la gran empresa forestal que ha modificado sus prácticas discursivas con la finalidad de obtener la legitimidad social en los territorios donde se asienta, territorialidades subalternas, que cuestionan el discurso hegemónico, expresadas fundamentalmente en el movimiento mapuche y, en menor medida, en los sectores productivos desplazados por la gran empresa forestal. Estas últimas territorialidades, dentro de su heterogeneidad, varían desde la abierta oposición hasta el diálogo y la aceptación, a menudo en función de la coyuntura.
La coordinación en el despacho de mercancías del puerto de Manzanillo, México: una propuesta de cambio en la estructura organizacional de los actores portuarios
Authors:   Universidad de Colima, Gutiérrez Ortiz Ariel , Reyes Real Oscar Bernardo ,   Universidad de Colima, Breton Monroy Mauricio ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Manzanillo
Published: August 2021

Ante la intensidad en la dinámica del flujo de mercancías, surge un desajuste importante en la relación entre actores portuarios. Dichas organizaciones les caracteriza cierto nivel de complejidad relacionada con la jerarquía y la división del trabajo. Por tal motivo, la interacción entre actores es desarticulada y esto impacta en la eficiencia del despacho. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar qué elementos organizacionales influyen en la capacidad de coordinación entre los actores que participan en el despacho de mercancías del puerto de Manzanillo, México. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa de tipo descriptiva, transversal para recolectar datos sobre las variables para identificar aquellos elementos organizacionales que influyen en la eficiencia del sistema de operación portuaria. Se concluye que tales elementos son; la estructura organizacional, el trabajo en equipo y la comunicación.
Análisis del impuesto al valor agregado en alimentos y la tasa al 0 % preferencial
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, De la Garza Jiménez Eduardo Hector
Published: August 2021

En los últimos treinta años ha existido gran confusión en la aplicación del artículo 2-A, fracción I, incisos a) y b) de la Ley del Impuesto al Valor Agregado, en la que se establece la aplicación de la tasa preferencial del 0% del impuesto relativo, por lo que se ha reformado en más de 10 ocasiones generándose incontables litigios que han llegado al máximo tribunal del país. A la fecha, continúan generándose controversias en la materia, por lo que mediante la presente investigación se pretende conocer y analizar los antecedentes más relevantes emitidos por el poder legislativo, ejecutivo y judicial, para que los contribuyentes puedan conocer los alcances y limitaciones del artículo en cita, y en su caso opten por buscan conseguir resoluciones vinculantes respecto de su correcta aplicación en el caso concreto, a efecto de evitar contingencias fiscales.
New species of Elateridae (Coleoptera) from Sonora, Mexico, with new country and state records, new taxonomic changes and a classificatory checklist
Authors:   South Dakota State University, Johnson Paul J.
Published: August 2021

The click beetles (Elateridae) of Sonora, Mexico reported here are based on published historical records and recent sampling efforts in discrete Sky Island mountain ranges in the Madrean Archipelago north of the Sierra Madre Occidental. Sixty-three (63) species are listed from Sonora of which 41 are newly recorded. Anoplischius murrieta new species, Aptopus opata new species, and Aptopus purica new species are described. Aptopus allita Aranda is treated as a new synonym of A. subcarinatus Schaeffer. Conoderus texanus Candèze is removed from synonymy with C. vespertinus (F.) and reinstated as a valid species. Orthostethus caviceps Schaeffer is a new synonym of O. pectinicornis Champion. Aeolus livens (LeConte) is the senior homonym of A. livens Candèze, which is changed to A. ticuna new name. A summary checklist of recorded click beetle taxa from Sonora is provided.
Stanley Kubrick, Jewish Filmmaker: A Review Essay
Authors: Gibson Michael
Published: August 2021

This is a review of two books: Nathan Abrams, Stanley Kubrick: New York Jewish Intellectual (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2018), and David Mikics, Stanley Kubrick: American Filmmaker (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2020).
Cryptozoo
Authors: Lyden John C.
Published: August 2021

This is a film review of Cryptozoo (2021), directed by Dash Shaw.
Rebel Hearts
Authors: Lyden John C.
Published: August 2021

This is a film review of Rebel Hearts (2021), directed by Pedro Kos.
Land
Authors: McDavid Jodi
Published: August 2021

This is a film review of Land (2021), directed by Robin Wright.
Assessing the Management of the Reputational Component of Corporate Social Responsibility of Ukrainian Companies
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Yevtushenko V. A.
Published: August 2021

The article is aimed at assessing the corporate social responsibility of organizations in Ukraine by using progressive international ratings, defining the relationship and interaction of the social responsibility and reputation of a company, and on this basis at developing a conceptual scientific and methodological approach to assessing the corporate social responsibility of Ukrainian companies. Modern international methodological approaches to assessing the management of the reputational component of social responsibility are analyzed, namely, Global CR RepTrak and Net Promoter Score. The research carried out shows the lack of a qualitative methodology to assess the reputational component of corporate social responsibility in Ukraine. Using the methodology of Global CR RepTrak and Net Promoter Score, and having analyzed open information sources, data from various ratings of Ukrainian companies, and own observations, the author proves the actual value of assessing the reputational component of corporate social responsibility of domestic enterprises, and performs the assessment itself. It is substantiated that both the external and internal reputational components of corporate social responsibility should be used for managing any national organization effectively. A new method for assessing the reputational component of corporate social responsibility is suggested with a view to providing socially responsible management of Ukrainian companies. Further research is needed to: define a system of institutional forms of the social responsibility of domestic enterprises; develop CSR models of national business structures; create comprehensive scientific and practical methods that will unambiguously assess the CSR of Ukrainian enterprises and turn the social responsibility of national producers into a competitive resource asset in global markets.
Innovativeness of Enterprises as a Determinant of Creating Industrial and Technological Clusters in the Context of Developing Innovative Cooperation
Authors:   Ukrainian Engineering and Pedagogical Academy, Prokhorova V. V. , Shkurenko O. V. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology
Published: August 2021

The article aims at substantiating the scientific and practical aspects of forming the resource and technological basis for innovation cooperation on the grounds of creating industrial and technological clusters, emphasizing the dominant features of enterprise innovation. The results of the study show that for a national economy to achieve sustainable development, it is necessary, among other things, to form and implement a whole system of innovation updating carried out through the latest forms of organizing innovation processes at different governmental levels. This requires a balanced partnership between the state, private and public sectors that are users of innovative products. It is substantiated that innovative cooperation is a creative, technological and knowledge technology of uniting the participants of the economic process in the socio-economic environment (industrial and non-industrial spheres), based on a convergent and synergistic approach. A structural and logical diagram of the process of forming innovative cooperation, whose development is determined by the logistics and management activities, and the resource and technological basis for such cooperation are suggested. The financing of innovative activity at industrial enterprises, the number of new technological processes and innovative types of products introduced in 2010–2019, capital investments in waste management are analyzed; the dependence of innovative products sold on innovatively active industrial enterprises is also studied. Scientific and practical aspects of creating a resource and technological basis for innovative cooperation are formed. The elaboration of an integrated logistics management mechanism designed to ensure the development of innovative cooperation can become a prospect for further research in this area.
Progressive Taxation of Individual Income in Islamic Countries
Authors:   State Scientific Research Institute for Informatization and Modeling Economy, Korneev V. V. , Khaustova V. Y. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Khodzhaian A. O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: August 2021

The economic results of the development of Muslim countries have raised the question of the existence of an increasingly focused Islamic financial and tax model. Taxes in the Islamic economic model provide an implicit link in the relations between the state and individuals, thus determining the limits of conditioned freedom and mutual obligations. The article is aimed at identifying the indicative features of progressive taxation of individual income in some Islamic countries. The research results show that Islamic countries are characterized by the unity of religion (faith) and such elements of the social system as the organization of power, as well as family, economic and other relations. The boundaries of the personal and the public, the individual and the national are transparent and strictly regulated. The peculiarities of the Tax Institute in Muslim countries, terms of taxation and tax usage rules are considered. It is proven that nowadays approaches to taxation in Islamic countries are diverse. It is determined that progressive taxation of individual income is widely used in Turkey, Pakistan, Tunisia, Indonesia, Nigeria, and other countries, and partly in Saudi Arabia; "tax heavens" are typical for the UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and Omani; proportional taxation is still used in Malaysia, Sudan, and Kazakhstan. The main types of taxes in Muslim countries are analyzed, their evolution is studied. Modern foci of progressive taxation of individual incomes in specific Muslim countries are revealed. The advantages of the Islamic financial model in terms of tax policy modernization and compliance with tax discipline, unconditional fulfillment of obligations and concluded agreements are identified. It is substantiated that using some elements of the progressive tax scale applied in the practice of Islamic finance can prove useful in a number of areas, providing budgetary and social balance in the "corridor of opportunities", bringing mutual responsibility of citizens and the state in fulfilling obligations, creating an annuity and mutually beneficial economic behavior pattern. It is proved that the progressive tax withdrawal of a part of large incomes will give a restrictive and restraining result of control over their redistribution in the public interest, as the socio-economic behavior of individuals, their powers and responsibilities must be balanced
Global Trends in the Banking Sector Digitalization
Authors:   National University «Chernihiv Polytechnic», Kholiavko N. I. , Kozlianchenko O. M. ,   National University «Chernihiv Polytechnic»
Published: August 2021

The article is aimed at identifying global trends in using modern information technologies in the banking sector, which were formed under the influence of digitalization of the economy. Digitalization is one of the main trends in global economy. Digital transformation has become relevant for business in various areas of economic activity, and the banking sector is not any different. The introduction of a bank card is considered to be the initial stage of the banking sector digitalization. At the present stage of development, banks have a wide range of tools to digitalize their activities, from office operations to customer service, to credit portfolio management, and to risk management. Today, the world's leading banks of various ownership forms can create digital currencies. The most widespread digital technologies in the banking sector are: mobile technologies, "big" data, blockchain, "cloud" technologies, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things. The application of the outlined technologies allows banks to optimize work processes, reduce operating costs, provide high service rate and convenience for customers, and also generate innovations and bring new banking products on the market. Digitalization makes it possible to track the customer base in real time, to form personalized sets of services for consumers, to restructure revenues and manage the bank’s credit risks. The authors conclude that digitalization is a non-alternative way for a modern bank to develop. Digitalization, introduction of information technologies, and the creation of innovative products are the factors determining a bank's competitiveness in the modern market.
Innovative Approaches to Develop «Smart» Cities: the Legal Framework in Ukraine and the European Experience
Authors:   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Yaroshenko I. V. , Semyhulina I. B. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Over time, the role of cities as centers of economic, political and cultural life has increased significantly; they are major participants in the globalization process, affect economic growth and state policy. Cities are the main elements in many spheres of public life: they determine the education level and trends; the largest production facilities are placed in them or near them; city dwellers work as managers of different levels and shape state policy. Thus, the issues of urbanization, life and development of large cities, towns and areas around them are central to the consideration of self-government. Today, effective local governance and, consequently, effective development and promotion of the people’s well-being are viewed through the prism of achieving a balance between economic development, environmental protection and social development. Due to high population density, cities possess significant potential for creativity and innovation, energy conservation, environmental friendliness, socio-cultural diversity, etc., so it is the dynamic interaction of these features that drives European development. Setting sustainable development of cities and territories as a goal makes it important to take into account European experience not only in solving the existing problems of their functioning, but also in choosing priorities for the development of modern cities based on innovative approaches and the introduction of "smart" components. The significance of forming the required legal framework for an individual administrative and territorial unit (region, territory, city, community, etc.) to function, and of assessing its state for further use in public management of territorial development, determines the importance of developing and implementing an effective system of legal documents to address socio-economic problems and encourage sustainable regional (territorial) development in Ukraine.
Cryptocurrencies as a Hedge and Safe Haven Instruments during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuhanitha Nensya , Robiyanto Robiyanto
Published: August 2021

This study examines the potential of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, ripple, tether, and Bitcoin cash as hedging instruments and a safe haven for the Indonesian capital market, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic era. Now, Indonesia's capital market condition is in turbulence. The benefit of this research is to help the investors make decisions on which cryptocurrencies can be an instrument hedge and safe haven in this Covid-19 pandemic era for Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data used in this study are data on the closing price of the Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI), bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), ripple (XRP), tether (USDT), and bitcoin cash (BCH) from January 3 to June 16, 2020. Data analysis used Generalized AutoregressiveConditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) and Quantile Regression (QREG). This study found that Bitcoin, Ethereum, tether, and Bitcoin cash can act as a hedge, but only the ripple cannot act as a hedge. Bitcoin, Ethereum, ripple, tether, and bitcoin cash cannot act as a safe haven when the Indonesian capital market was getting extreme, like during the Covid-19 pandemic era. The roles of Bitcoin, Ethereum, ripple, tether, and bitcoin cash as safe havens will fade when conditions in the Indonesian capital market become more extreme. This research can be used as a reference for investors for their investments by looking top four cryptocurrencies as a hedging instrument. However, in severe conditions such as during the Covid-19 Pandemic, the top five cryptocurrencies cannot be used as a safe haven, as revealed in this study.
Redesigning Clinical Pathway of Elective Caesarean Section Using Activity-Based-Costing Reduce Exposure to Covid-19
Authors: Asjanti Lidia , Fitriasari Nikma , Djamhuri Ali
Published: August 2021

This research objective is to discover non-value-added activities in the elective cesarean section (CS) clinical pathway (CP) through cost analysis using the ABC method and redesign elective CS CP at W Hospital. Activity-Based-Costing (ABC) is an accounting system designed through activity management. The ABC system identifies all functions in the service process chain, calculates the activity costs, and assigns costs to cost objects, such as activity-based service products. This calculation method emphasizes the service process. The ABC method is seen as a unit cost calculation system that is suitable for hospitals. CP costing using the ABC method is a cost analysis using CP as the basis for service activities. The CP of Elective CS consists of various activities. This study used a case study approach. The eight informants were the head of finance, the head of medical services and support, one ob-gyn specialist, one anesthetist specialist, one outpatient installation nurse, one midwife, one inpatient installation midwife, and onenutritionist. COVID-19 changed the procedures and influenced the activities of CS CP. The analyses were conducted using the ABC method and data triangulation. Non-value-added activities found were clinical assessment in the emergency room (ER), laboratory activities, and organic waste treatment. Non-value-added found in clinical assessment in the ER, laboratoryexaminations, and organic waste treatment. CP CS redesign consists of activities of admission, pre-operation, and post-operation, surgery, pharmacy, nutrition, medical records, laundry, billing, logistics, and management administration. The researchers suggest that W Hospital should redesign elective CS CP activities to eliminate non-value-added activities.
Covid-19 and Its Effect on Small Businesses in Nigeria: A Rational Choice Theory and an Empirical Approach
Authors: Sajuyigbe Ademola Samuel , Eniola Anthony Abiodun , Obi James Nwoye , Peter Fred Ojochide
Published: August 2021

The misery and difficulties of the novel deadly infection (COVID-19) are of great concern to analysts, researchers, policymakers, and government agencies over the globe. This investigation examines the effect of the deadly infection (COVID-19) on small businesses in Nigeria, with particular reference to Lagos State. A purposive examining procedure was utilized to choose each of the 321 small businesses owner of Nigeria (ASBON) enlisted in the Lagos Business Directory. Close-ended questionnaires were used to gather data from the members. The data analysis was performed with percentage, mean, chi-square, and component factor analysis. The outcome uncovers that the deadly infection (COVID-19) has injured all the SMEs surveyed. It was discovered that most small businesses are doomed as a result of the negative impact of COVID19. The assessment using rational choice theory derives that credit accessibility, tax waiver for sectors, the introduction of emergency advances, and flexibility of repayments of existing loans by financial institutions are solid palliative measures that can cushion the effect of the deadly infection (COVID-19).
Fungsi dan Aplikasi Motivasi dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Farida Nur
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that drive motivation, as well as the role of motivation in teaching and learning. This is a qualitative study conducted using library research methods. Work motivation is a driving force and source of encouragement that can elicit a sense of zeal, as well as modify human or individual behavior to lead to improved outcomes. Motivation is defined as the overarching driving force within the instructor that initiates and directs instructional actions in order to attain the objectives set forth by the teaching subject. So that every teacher is diligent in completing assignments, tenacious in overcoming obstacles (not easily discouraged), shows interest in a variety of problems, prefers to work independently, is not easily bored with routine tasks, is able to defend his or her point of view, and enjoys finding and solving problems.
ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR SOCIAL POSITION IN THE CLASS
Authors: Poledňová Ivana , Stránská Zdenka , Niedobová Hana
Published: August 2021

The study was based on a theoretical presumption that social climate and relationships in the class can be in specific ways connected with students’ achievement motivation. Previous research in the area of student motivation was mostly based on self-reports and was therefore focused on explicit motives, i.e. personal goals which the respondents strived for. Self-report measures of motivation, however, can be affected by biases and misperceptions of one’s own self. Our study approached achievement motivation at its implicit, i.e. non-conscious level. It was conducted with students in five classes of a secondary school, N = 138, 107 female and 31 male, with an average age of 17 years. The respondents were administered a sociometric questionnaire and the projective Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) in McClelland´s adaptation using Heckhausen´s content-analytical clue for the measurement of achievement motivation. The hypothesized relation between social position in class and achievement motivation was only partly supported. Affiliation was unrelated to achievement motivation, even when analyzed for both achievement motives separately. We found a slight negative relationship between influence in the class and achievement motivation, especially with the motive to achieve success. These results, partly diverging from theoretical presumptions, can be explained in terms of specific features of the sample as well as a general methodological disparity in previous research, especially a lack of differentiation between implicit and explicit motives in the interpretation of the findings.
Key words: achievement motivation, social position, sociometry.