bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Dzupina Andrej , Pella Dominik , Zenuch Pavol , Zenuchova Zuzana , Singh Jaipaul , Jankajova Monika , Fedacko Jan
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents several diseases encompassing a heterogeneous group of biochemical and physiological abnormalities characterized by structural and functional alterations in the myocardium, including the endothelium of the coronary arteries. MS also affects a substantial portion of the global population. Understanding the risk factors, the development and treatment associated with MS are of paramount importance for early identification, treatment and prevention. This study was designed to evaluate the role of the supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on endothelial function in patients with MS. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients with MS were enrolled in two groups. The study evaluated endothelial function (EF) in subjects before and after a three-month treatment with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily (800 mg, three times a day) vs. placebo, using an Endo-PAT2000 device (Itamar Medical Ltd., Caesarea, Israel) measuring the reactive hyperemia index (a parameter of EF) and augmentation index (a parameter of arterial stiffness). Plasmatic levels of glutathione peroxidase, homocysteine, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein were also evaluated for comparison. Results: The results showed that the average value of reactive hyperemia index before the treatment with n-3 PUFAs was 1.62 ± 0.42, compared to 1.96 ± 0.62 at the end of the study (p < 0.005). The augmentation index changed from 14.66 ± 19.55 to 9.21 ± 15.64 after the treatment (p = 0.003) with n-3 PUFA. The results also revealed a statistically significant decrease in apolipoprotein B (0.94 ± 0.36 vs. 1.13 ± 0.35, p = 0.001) and homocysteine (19.31 ± 5.29 vs. 13.78 ± 3.05, p = 0.001) and an increase in glutathione peroxidase plasma levels (41.65 ± 8.90 vs. 45.20 ± 8.01), p = 0.001. Conclusions: The results of this prospective study showed a significant improvement in EF in subjects with MS treated with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily.
The Effect of Metal Shielding Layer on Electrostatic Attraction Issue in Glass–Silicon Anodic Bonding
Authors: Yang Wenqi , Ruan Yong , Song Zhiqiang
Published: December 2024

Silicon–glass anode bonding is the key technology in the process of wafer-level packaging for MEMS sensors. During the anodic bonding process, the device may experience adhesion failure due to the influence of electric field forces. A common solution is to add a metal shielding layer between the glass substrate and the device. In order to solve the problem of device failure caused by the electrostatic attraction phenomenon, this paper designed a double-ended solidly supported cantilever beam parallel plate capacitor structure, focusing on the study of the critical size of the window opening in the metal layer for the electric field shielding effect. The metal shield consists of 400 Å of Cr and 3400 Å of Au. Based on theoretical calculations, simulation analysis, and experimental testing, it was determined that the critical size for an individual opening in the metal layer is 180 μm × 180 μm, with the movable part positioned 5 μm from the bottom, which does not lead to failure caused by stiction due to electrostatic pull-in of the detection structure. It was proven that the metal shielding layer is effective in avoiding suction problems in secondary anode bonding.
Enrichment of Trace Elements in the Early Carboniferous Coals from the Machala Mine in Eastern Qiangtang Basin, Eastern Tibet, SW China
Authors: Qiao Junwei , Wang Duo , Du Fangpeng , Fu Xinru , Hassan Hafiz Zameer ul , Zhang Hui , Yang Cheng , Jiang Yi , Li Lingchen
Published: December 2024

The Machala Mine, which is located in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, was one of the highest coal mines in the world, with an elevation of 5200 m. The Machala coals are rich in a variety of critical and harmful elements. However, the occurrence and enrichment mechanisms of these elements are not well understood, which hinders the assessment of their environmental impacts and recycling potential. Furthermore, the enrichment mechanism identified in the Machala coals is expected to extend our understanding of the simultaneous enrichment of multiple elements in coal. A total of 18 coal samples were collected from 14 coal (or carbonaceous mudstone) seams at the Machala open-pit mine for systematic analyses, including macerals, coal quality, minerals, trace, and major elements of coals. The results suggested that the coal seams in the Machala Mine were dominated by low-sulfur (mainly less than 1%), medium-to-low-ash (average: 18.15%), low-volatile (average: 16.01%), and medium-high-to-high-calorific (average: 27.23 MJ/kg) coals. The coal macerals were predominantly vitrinite, with the collodetrinite being the most abundant, followed by collotelinite and vitroderinite, while telinite was present in low amounts. The mineral compositions were mainly quartz and kaolinite, with average contents of 37.8% and 48.2%, respectively, which were followed by illite and smectite-mixed layers, with average contents of 4.7% and 3.3%, respectively. Other minerals, including plagioclase, pyrite, siderite, chlorite, and potassium feldspar, were present in low quantities. However, C3 coal seam was an exception, with a high pyrite content of 23.2% (low-temperature ash sample). The Machala coal seams were characterized by varying degrees of enrichment in Li, As, Pb, Hg, and Sn. Correlation analyses and energy spectrum analyses indicated that clays were their major host minerals. The enrichment of Li in the Machala Coal Mine was mainly attributed to volcanic ash during the sedimentation period, while As, Pb, Hg, and Sn were primarily sourced from hydrothermal fluids in the late stages.
The Genesis of Cs-Rich Geyserite in the Chabu Geothermal Field in Southern Tibet
Authors: Li Ruo-Ming , Li Yu-Bin , Yang Chang-Jin , Zhang Jin-Shu , Shen Cong , Yuan Lin , Yang Can , Xu Guo-Miao , Liu Duo , Yang Lin-Chao , Zhang Ze-Lin , Sun Zhe-Wei
Published: December 2024

Recent studies have shown that the geothermal systems in Tibet are rich in rare metal elements such as lithium (Li), boron (B), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs). However, the understanding of the origin of Cs-rich geyserite formed by hot springs remains unclear. In this study, a detailed petrological, elemental geochemical, and strontium–neodymium (Sr–Nd) isotopic investigation on Cs-rich geyserite in the Chabu region revealed that opal was the main mineral component of Chabu geyserite; here, some samples were rich in terrigenous clastic material, and well-developed diatom fossils were also present. Chabu geyserite had high contents of SiO2 (78.95%–94.72%) and Al2O3 (3.02%–8.14%) and low contents of Fe2O3 (0.21%–1.94%), TiO2 (0.01%–0.20%), MnO (0.01%–0.15%); additionally, the Fe/Ti ratio, the Al/(Al + Fe) ratio, and the Al/(Al + Fe + Mn) ratio showed large variations. These results indicated different degrees of participation by the terrigenous materials, hydrothermal deposition, and biogenic processes. Chabu geyserite was depleted in transition metal elements (e.g., Sc, V, and Cr) and high field strength elements (e.g., Nb, Zr, and Hf), relatively enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (e.g., Li, Rb, Sr, and Ba), and strongly enriched in Cs, (by up to 100 times the Cs content in the upper crust); in addition, it had low V/Y (1.30–2.00) and U/Th ratios. Chabu geyserite exhibited a right-dipping rare earth element (REE) distribution pattern and had significant negative Eu anomalies (0.26–0.72) and no or weak positive Ce anomalies (0.97–1.36). These results further indicated the influence of terrigenous clastic materials and nonhydrothermal sedimentation factors. The Sr–Nd isotopic composition of Chabu geyserite was significantly different from that of the mantle, with relatively high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7070–0.7076) and low 143Nd/144Nd ratios (0.512223–0.512314). These ratios were similar to those of the crust. Combined with previous studies, the results from this study indicated that Chabu geyserite was a Cs-rich geyserite and was formed in an intracontinental post-collisional orogenic environment, mainly from crustal material, with the participation of biological and hydrothermal processes.
Advances in Photonic and Plasmonic Nanomaterials
Authors: Semaltianos Nikolaos G.
Published: December 2024

Nanomaterials and nanostructures with different morphologies or geometrical shapes that exploit plasmons, and particularly surface plasmon polaritons, are useful for a wide range device fabrication-related applications [...]
An Overview of Greece’s Newly Established Progressive Stray Dog Management Laws
Authors: Siettou Christie , Theodoropoulou Eleni , Siettou Anna Stefani
Published: December 2024

This study provides an overview of the new Greek legislative framework and highlights its progressive nature in tackling one of the most populous stray animal populations in the world. We present the newly established law and discuss its provisions, aims, and challenges. We also examine the reception of the law by key stakeholders such as veterinary practitioners, animal welfare organisations, and the Hellenic Kennel Club. With the post-implementation review scheduled for 2026, its evaluation has yet to be conducted.
An Injectable Oil-Based Depot Formulation of N-Acyloxymethyl Prodrug of Ropivacaine for Long-Acting Local Analgesia: Formulation Development and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Zhao Ruihan , Xu Peijie , Qian Jianqiang , Zhang Peiyan , Xie Xudong , Ling Yong , Ge Qimin , Chen Yong
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The development of novel long-acting injectables for local anesthetics is necessary to effectively manage the acute postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to prepare an injectable oil-based formulation of ropivacaine (ROP) prodrug (ropivacaine stearoxil, ROP-ST) and to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics after injectable administration. Methods: A novel N-acyloxymethyl prodrug of ROP, i.e., ROP-ST, was synthesized and its physicochemical properties such as log P, solubility and stability characterized. A soybean oil-based depot of ROP-ST was prepared, and the in-vitro release of ROP-ST was evaluated using an “inverted-cup” method. Pharmacokinetic profiles and tissue retention properties were investigated after intramuscular administration of the formulation in rats. The analgesic efficacy was assessed via a von Frey monofilaments test by measuring the paw withdrawal thresholds. Results: The structure of ROP-ST was ascertained with clear 1H NMR assignment and accurate mass-to-charge ratio. The high Log P value of ROP-ST (9.16) demonstrated extremely low aqueous solubility, but the prodrug is biolabile when in contact with plasma or liver esterase. Intramuscular injection of ROP-ST oil solution in rats provided a significantly higher mean residence time without a very clear plasma peak of ROP. In a postoperative pain model of rats, the injection of ROP-ST oil solution into the vicinity of the sciatic nerve in the right ankle effectively controlled the postoperative pain for at least 72 h. Conclusions: The injectable oil-based depot formulation of N-acyloxymethyl prodrug of ROP may provide a new opportunity of long-acting local analgesia for postoperative pain.
Evaluating Artificial Intelligence-Based Industrial Wastewater Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Treatment Optimization and Its Environmental, Economic, and Social Benefits Using a Life Cycle Assessment–System Dynamics Model
Authors: Yu Juan , Li Gaiyan
Published: December 2024

This study integrates life cycle assessment (LCA) and system dynamics (SD) modeling to evaluate the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) technology in industrial wastewater treatment. The research examines the environmental, economic, and social benefits of AI optimization, with a focus on its long-term implications for sustainable development. By constructing a detailed LCA model, the study analyzes the environmental impacts of wastewater treatment across its lifecycle, from raw material acquisition to final waste disposal. The integration of the SD model simulates dynamic feedback mechanisms, predicting the long-term effects of AI optimization on resource efficiency and environmental performance. Specifically, the AI system employs a convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze real-time pollutant levels and a reinforcement learning algorithm to optimize operational parameters such as aeration rates, chemical dosing, and sludge retention time. This optimization achieves a 7.02% reduction in energy consumption, an 18% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, and a 15% reduction in total nitrogen concentrations in treated water. Economically, AI predictive maintenance reduces operating costs by 10% and extends equipment lifespan by 20%, while socially, it enhances the public perception of corporate social responsibility, particularly in regions with stringent environmental regulations. This study underscores the effectiveness of combining LCA and SD models to evaluate sustainable wastewater treatment technologies, providing scientific evidence for policymakers and industry stakeholders to use to promote green technologies and social responsibility.
Spanish Multicenter Megaprosthesis Study (MEGAPROT) on 816 Tumor Prostheses: Main Results
Authors: Pérez Muñoz Israel , González Lizán Fausto , Sanz Pascual María del Carmen , Machado Granados Pau , Peiró Ana , Angulo Sánchez Manuel , de la Calva Ceinos Carolina , González Rojo Paula , Asua Mentxaka Libe , Arteagoitia Iraia , Hernández González Nerea , Merino Pérez Josu , Zarzuela Víctor Manuel , Puertas García-Sandoval Pablo , Valero Cifuentes Gregorio , Valcárcel Díaz Antonio , Godoy Montijano Amparo , Fernández Serrano Francisco , González Acha Javier , Esnaloa Pello , Chaves Dorta Iván , Coll Mesa Luis , Baz Figueroa Caleb , Álvarez Garma Álvaro , Orce Aida , Cebrián Parra Juan Luis , García Maroto Roberto , Pablos González Óscar , Maireles Pérez Míriam , Fontalva Guerrero María Luisa , Garcés Zarzalejo Carlos , Estellés Marcos de León Luis Roberto , Gracia Alegría Isidro
Published: December 2024

(1) Background: The use of tumor megaprostheses faces challenges, but the published series are typically small and offer limited solutions. Our aim was to compile a large series; describe patient profiles and surgical techniques; analyze prosthetic survival identifying factors affecting survival; and provide a basis for future subanalyses. (2) Methods: This is a retrospective observational multicenter study that included patients with a tumor megaprosthesis in any anatomical location. Demographic, etiologic, and surgical variables were analyzed. Data on complications and survival were also collected. (3) Results: Our series includes a total of 816 prostheses (585 primary, 181 revision, and 50 second revision). The patients’ mean age was 44.2 ± 20.8 years. Primary surgeries were performed on the femur (n = 404; 69.1%), tibia (n = 79; 13.5%), humerus (n = 74; 12.6%), pelvis (n = 20; 3.4%), and scapula (n = 4; 0.7%). Survival following primary surgery was 73.3% at 10 years. No statistically significant differences were found with respect to survival from primary surgery between males and females (p = 0.194), between the different etiologies (p = 0.540), or between the lower and the upper limb (p = 0.618). In contrast, statistically significant survival differences were found when the type of fixation was analyzed (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: This study analyzed one of the largest series of patients treated with tumor megaprostheses, demonstrating their acceptable survival and validating them as a treatment option for bone tumors.
Quadrotor Trajectory Planning with Tetrahedron Partitions and B-Splines in Unknown and Dynamic Environments
Authors: Men Jiayu , Requena Carrión Jesús
Published: December 2024

Trajectory planning is a key task in unmanned aerial vehicle navigation systems. Although trajectory planning in the presence of obstacles is a well-understood problem, unknown and dynamic environments still present significant challenges. In this paper, we present a trajectory planning method for unknown and dynamic environments that explicitly incorporates the uncertainty about the environment. Assuming that the position of obstacles and their instantaneous movement are available, our method represents the environment uncertainty as a dynamic map that indicates the probability that a region might be occupied by an obstacle in the future. The proposed method first divides the free space into non-overlapping tetrahedral partitions using Delaunay triangulation. Then, a topo-graph that describes the topology of the free space and incorporates the uncertainty of the environment is created. Using this topo-graph, an initial path and a safe flight corridor are obtained. The initial safe flight corridor provides a sequence of control points that we use to optimize clamped B-spline trajectories by formulating a quadratic programming problem with safety and smoothness constraints. Using computer simulations, we show that our algorithm can successfully find a collision-free and uncertainty-aware trajectory in an unknown and dynamic environment. Furthermore, our method can reduce the computational burden caused by moving obstacles during trajectory replanning.
Performance Methodologies in Suicide Prevention Research: Queerness, Colonization, and Co-Performative Witnessing in Indigenous Community
Authors: Alvarez Antonia R. G.
Published: December 2024

Performance methodologies take many forms—performative writing, poetic transcription, and co-performative witnessing, to name only a few—and can be both process and product, differentiating and unifying a group between and across differences. As a social work researcher committed to decolonial, liberatory methodologies that make and bring meaning to the communities I work with, performance methodologies fill a gap that other qualitative research methods can only begin to approach. This project is an exploration in performance methodologies and Critical Suicidology through the lens of social work research, with a case study derived from a performance documenting suicide prevention research with Native Hawaiians. This study sought to understand connections between suicide risk and experiences of colonization among Native Hawaiians and among LGBTQ Native Hawaiians. The findings point to the importance of relationships, cultural understandings of identity and identification, and healing through cultural practices. Sections from the performative text, including voices from the participants, as well as feedback gathered from performances of the research, are woven together with academic narrative to form a creative and critical report of the research.
The Role of Cultural Heritage in Ecotourism Planning in Rural Areas: The Case of Isparta Sütçüler Beydilli Village
Authors: Gökarslan Ayşe Betül , Tuncer Pürselim Hilal
Published: December 2024

There are still gaps in the legislation on the protection of rural areas in Turkey. Despite these gaps, rural settlements and the cultural heritage in these settlements are attracting attention with the increasing demand for places with high ecotourism potential, which has become more popular with the COVID-19 pandemic. Many rural areas, especially those with unused vernacular architectural elements, have been rehabilitated and made available for ecotourism use by local people and tourists. One such area is the (former) village of Beydilli in the Sütçüler district of Isparta province, Turkey. The people of the village have abandoned this area, which has a history of about 250 years, due to the lack of transport and other facilities, and only a few building owners visit the village for transhumance in the summer, but even these users use the houses as warehouses. In order to achieve this objective, the present study employed a range of methods, including on-site observation, laser measurement (surveying), utilisation of oral sources, texture analysis, typological comparison, and SWOT analysis. These methods were selected for their suitability for the protection of rural architecture in a context of ecotourism. In order to develop rural tourism in a manner that preserves the cultural heritage, a series of solution proposals have been developed under a number of different headings, including transportation, accessibility, the physical condition of buildings, socio-economic factors, and the tourism sector. In making decisions, consideration was given to the potential for ecotourism in the Sütçüler district, to which Beydili is connected. The principal objective of this research is to present the findings of the study, which focuses on cultural heritage and its conservation in order to ensure the sustainability of ecotourism planning in rural areas, with a specific case study of Beydilli Village in the Sütçüler District of Isparta. Furthermore, this study aims to highlight the significance of safeguarding cultural heritage, which constitutes a vital component of rural tourism in Turkey. Despite the existence of inadequate rural protection legislation, this study seeks to document the conservation status of Beydilli Village, which has not undergone any conservation work to date.
Economic Feasibility and Strategic Planning for Floating Solar Power Plants in Korea: A Real Options Approach
Authors: Na Seoungbeom , Jang Woosik , Lee Youngwoong
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an economic feasibility analysis for constructing a 100 MW floating solar power plant in Korea aimed at utilizing idle water spaces to mitigate geographical limitations for large-scale renewable energy projects. Employing both Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) analysis and Real Options Analysis (ROA), the study evaluates the economic viability and strategic flexibility of the project under future market uncertainties. The DCF method reveals an NPV of 11,863,000 USD and a B/C ratio of 1.1, indicating baseline feasibility. However, the ROA demonstrates the value of adaptive strategies, with real option values showing that plant expansion (to 200 MW) is economically advantageous under favorable conditions. This approach supports strategic decision-making aligned with Korea’s renewable energy targets. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating market uncertainties into feasibility assessments and proposes detailed strategies for expanding renewable energy generation.
Robust Traffic Signal Retiming Based on Queue Service Time Estimation Using Low-Penetration Connected Vehicle Data
Authors: An Chengchuan , Zhang Weihua , Wang Yinpu , Ke Siping , Xia Jingxin
Published: December 2024

Signal retiming is the most cost-efficient measure to reduce vehicle delay and alleviate congestion on urban roads. Previous studies have explored the potential of using connected vehicle data for signal retiming specifically under the current low-penetration environment, which will significantly reduce the cost and increase the productivity of signal retiming. However, the existing methods are mostly deterministic and do not well consider the uncertainty in both traffic demand and capacity. This compromises their robustness in a real application. In this study, a novel traffic state measure—queue service time (QST)—is introduced and used as the only input to generate a robust signal plan at isolated intersections for a time-of-day period. First, a Bayesian-based model is proposed to estimate the QST distribution by collectively using the lower and upper boundary observations reported by connected vehicles. Then, a goal programming-based signal optimization model is formulated using quantiles of QST as input, which accounts for the combined uncertainty in both traffic demand and capacity. Simulation experiments validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. It is shown that the proposed QST estimation model is reliable to use under a penetration rate as low as 0.05 and can effectively estimate the actual distribution in both under- and oversaturation conditions. Compared with a demand-based method that only accounts for uncertainty in traffic demand, the proposed QST-based signal timing optimization method shows its superiority in reducing the occurrence of oversaturation or phase failure, as well as enhancing performance against the worst cases.
Black Holes Have More States than Those Defined by the Bekenstein–Hawking Entropy: A Simple Argument
Authors: Rovelli Carlo
Published: December 2024

It is often assumed that the maximum number of independent states a black hole may contain is NBH=eSBH, where SBH=A/4 is the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy and A is the horizon area in Planck units. I present a simple and straightforward argument showing that the number of states that can be distinguished by local observers inside the hole must be greater than this number.
Anti-HBs Positivity Related to Past HBV Infection and Vaccination in Older Adults in Polish Population—Cohort-Based Study
Authors: Zięba Katarzyna , Jagiełło Kacper , Musialik Joanna , Wierucki Łukasz , Hajduk Adam , Mossakowska Małgorzata , Chudek Jerzy
Published: December 2024

Background: In Poland, a national hepatitis B (HBV) immunization program was introduced for neonates in 1996, and between 2000 and 2011, those born from 1986 to 1995 were vaccinated. Little is known about vaccination rates among adults born before 1986. This study aimed to determine the frequency of anti-HBs seropositivity rates related to vaccination and past HBV infection in older Poles. Methods: The HBV serological status was analyzed in 5781 (96.6%) of the PolSenior2 population-based cohort (60+) by assessing serum seropositivity for HBs antigen, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc antibodies. The survey was performed in 2018–2019 and included medical and socio-economic questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and comprehensive geriatric assessment. Results: Serological status implying past hepatitis B and serological profile consistent with anti-HBV vaccination corresponded to 15.2% (95% CI: 13.4–17.0) and 25.2% (95% CI: 23.4–27.0) prevalences, respectively. Female gender, living in a town or city, having better education, and suffering from coronary artery disease, or depression independently increased the rate of past hepatitis B. On the other hand, being ‘white collar’ and self-reliant, having the ability to use the Internet, and past surgical procedures in the last 5-year period were factors associated with a higher vaccination rate. Conclusions: More than 15% of older adults in Poland present serological profiles suggesting past hepatitis B, and one-fourth anti-HBV vaccination. Being functionally independent, ‘white collar’, using the Internet, and having past surgical procedures are factors associated with a higher chance of being vaccinated. Nevertheless, a large group of older adults should be prophylactically vaccinated due to increased exposure to medical procedures.
THE PHENOMENON OF CHILDHOOD AND HEALTHCARE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM OF POLITICAL BORDERS
Authors: Korzh Hanna
Published: December 2024

The challenges and problems faced by children and their parents in humanitarian crises and military conflicts have been analyzed. It has been emphasized that natural and social changes impact the health of individuals and the self-organization of communities. The importance of intercultural communication, historical memory, upbringing, and educational practices in shaping the identity of individuals and communities has been revealed.
Conclusions. In the social-cultural and spiritual dimensions, the issue of borders impacts the fundamental aspects of societies' lives, upbringing, educational, and health-preserving practices. In the face of Russian aggression, the primary task becomes educational and cultural modernization, state programs focusing on national-patriotic and civic directions, and the revival of historical memory.
IDENTITY OF UKRAINIAN STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND EXISTENTIAL SEARCH
Authors: Zaichko Vladislava
Published: December 2024

The study focuses on the philosophical understanding of the identity transformation of Ukrainian students under the influence of the war. Existential crises caused by war force students to rethink their values and self-definition in the face of uncertainty and threat. According to Heidegger’s concepts, war becomes “abandonment” when students are forced to act in unpredictable conditions that radically change their life plans. It can also be interpreted through Sartre’s ideas about freedom of choice and personality formation through students’ conscious decisions in crises. An important component of the internationalization of education is language preparation and adaptation of international students, which strengthens their ability to integrate into new educational and cultural contexts, as noted by Bakum and Dyrda.
Conclusions. The war significantly impacts the formation of the identity of Ukrainian students, leading to existential crises and compelling them to reconsider their values and choices in challenging circumstances. The use of philosophical concepts from Heidegger and Sartre provides a deeper understanding of the processes of self-determination in crisis conditions. Simultaneously, the internationalization of education, particularly through academic mobility and language training, plays a crucial role in overcoming these challenges. It helps students adapt to new cultural and educational environments, thereby strengthening their ability to integrate and thrive.
PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF IT EDUCATION IN UKRAINE THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE ACTOR-NETWORK THEORY OF BRUNO LATOUR
Authors: Horianskyi Serhii
Published: December 2024

. The development of IT education in Ukraine is an important aspect of modern educational policy since the integration of information technologies into the educational process contributes to the improvement of the quality of education, provides access to the latest knowledge and technologies, and also prepares students for the challenges of the digital era. However, this process is complex and multifaceted, requiring considering both technical and philosophical, sociological, and ethical aspects. Actor-network theory, developed by Bruno Latour and his colleagues, offers an approach to analyzing social phenomena through the interaction between human and non-human actors, considering them elements of a heterogeneous network. The development of IT education in Ukraine must be carried out in compliance with the principles of ethics and inclusiveness.
Conclusions. Based on research and publications, several key examples of successful integration of IT technologies into the educational process in Ukraine can be identified. The introduction of online platforms for distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and war to ensure the continuity of the educational process. Another example is the development of projects such as the educational platform “Diia. Education” and “Mriya”, MOOC “Prometheus” and others. It aims to improve digital literacy among teachers and students, improving education quality and accessibility.
La pesca incidental de especies marinas protegidas: Deficiente regulación en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano
Authors: Reyna Zambrano María Yokir , Reyna Zambrano María Yokir
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo investigativo es un artículo de reflexión que se enfocó en analizar la pesca incidental de especies marinas protegidas dentro del ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano y su determinación como una infracción administrativa. La relevancia del tema surge debido a que, en Ecuador, la pesca incidental no se encuentra determinada como infracción administrativa, irrespetando así los principios de legalidad, tipicidad y proporcionalidad, en donde las autoridades administrativas pueden tomar decisiones arbitrarias y discrecionales. La metodología empleada tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, bajo la técnica de metodología de la investigación cualitativa, utilizando los métodos de análisis teórico jurídico y análisis jurídico comparado. Los resultados de la investigación demostraron que, al no establecer la pesca incidental dentro del ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano 4 como una infracción administrativa muy grave, se aleja de la visión biocentrista establecida en la Constitución e incumple con el principio de legalidad, principio ecosistémico, enfoque de precaución y el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número 14. Se concluyó, que la pesca incidental de especies marinas protegidas que excedan los límites de permisibilidad debe considerarse como una infracción administrativa muy grave con su correspondiente sanción.
An Analysis of Code-Switching by College Students in Makassar
Authors: Juwita Yusuf Marwah , Simpuruh Indrayani , Syamsinar Syamsinar
Published: December 2024

This study examines code-switching among college students in Makassar, Indonesia. Code-switching, defined as the practice of alternating between two or more languages in a single conversation, is a common phenomenon in bilingual and multilingual communities. With the increasing influence of English in Indonesian education, students frequently switch between Indonesian and English. This research aims to identify the types of code-switching, understand its functions, and explore the reasons behind this linguistic behavior among college students. Data were gathered through recorded conversations and semi-structured interviews with 50 participants from different universities in Makassar. The results show that intra-sentential code-switching is the most prevalent, and the practice is influenced by social context, language proficiency, and exposure to digital media. This study provides significant insights into the bilingual language practices of college students in Makassar, specifically highlighting how code-switching serves as a dynamic tool for social interaction, identity negotiation, and academic expression. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of bilingual practices in Southeast Asia and provide practical insights for educators, suggesting that embracing multilingualism in academic contexts can create more inclusive and effective learning environments.
Investigating Students’ Verbal Competencies in Relation to Their Personality Traits
Authors: HS Nurianti , Nurwahyuningsih Pebrina , Erna Nana
Published: December 2024

Oral Communication is a crucial skill, particularly in higher education, where students must engage and articulate concepts effectively. Nonetheless, speaking proficiency can be affected by other factors, one of them is personal traits. This study seeks to examine the speaking ability of students in relation to their personality types. According to the Big Five Personality’ Theory, people are classified into personality types such as extrovert, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness, and neuroticism which influence how they communicate verbally. To determine the relationship between the two variables, this study conducted a qualitative method involving questionnaires, students’ speaking ability test, and interview. The findings surprisingly showed that extroverted personality turned out to have small contribution to speaking ability. This trait did not have a strong correlation with speaking skill seems contradictory because extroverts are often perceived as more communicative. On other hand, openness trait has the highest impact in communication. This type likely to participate more comfortably in discussion and construct logical arguments fluently in English. Although students with openness have fewer opportunities to talk than extrovert, their speaking components such as pronunciation and word usage were extremely accurate.
Novel ferrate (VI) technology in water and wastewater treatment
Authors:   Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Natural Sciences. University of Guyana.  P.O. Box: 101110, Georgetown, Guyana, Edwards Dale , Kumar Tiwari Ashish ,   Advanced Center for Material Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur- 206016, Uttar Pradesh, India, Bhushan Tewari Brij ,   Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Natural Sciences. University of Guyana.  P.O. Box: 101110, Georgetown, Guyana
Published: December 2024

Novel ferrate (VI) technology in water and wastewater treatment. A potential oxidant/disinfectant chemical reagent for water treatment is green chemical ferrate (VI) salt. In the present work, potassium ferrate was synthesized, purified and characterized by spectral studies. Water samples were collected from GUYSUCO (ECD), DDL (ECD), Lodge (Georgetown) and UG (ECD), Guyana. The water quality parameters used to examine water quality, pre- and post-treatment, were turbidity, pH, dissolved solids, total hardness, chemical oxygen demand and iron content. The pre- and posttreatment procedures were useful in determining the treatment potential of synthesized ferrates. Potassium ferrate was found to be more stable and effective in water treatment.
Cloud technology as a mediator between knowledge management processes and job burnout: A case study of research professors in Algerian universities
Authors: Gherrab Sara , benoussad Zina
Published: December 2024

This study seeks to uncover the impact of cloud technology as a mediator between knowledge management processes and job burnout among research professors in Algerian universities. The results showed that the use of cloud technology significantly contributes to improving knowledge management processes, such as storing and sharing information, which leads to reduced levels of job burnout by reducing work-related stress and pressure. Based on these findings, the research recommends increasing the adoption of cloud technology in universities to enhance knowledge management and reduce job burnout among research professors.
THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF MAQASID Al-SHARI’AH SCIENCE
Authors: dib Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Here is an apparent methodological problem in the knowledge arena. The more we talk about a particular knowledge concept, the more we get surprised by its transformation into an independent science without completing the scientific requirements and necessary conditions. This applies to what is as «Maqasid Al-Shari’ah» .We would not be exaggerating, if we claim that the «Maqasid Al-Shari’ah». is still looking for its methodological identity. It is unable to draw its epistemological boundaries with other fields of knowledge that are close to it; As well as its inability to create new procedural tools in the construction of legal rulings. May be the reason for that is the nature of the scientific upbringing that accompanied the emergence of the theory of the «Maqasid Al-Shari’ah It witnessed a difficult and intermittent birth.
This article seeks to ask the following methodological questions: - Does the «Maqasid al-Shariah» theory possess all the characteristics of a complete scientific theory, such as the conceptual apparatus and independent methodology?
The role of the physical education and sports curriculum for the middle school stage in improving some indicators of the quality of social life for children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Imadeddine Hamza , Hadj Aissa Rafik
Published: December 2024

The current study aims to show the effect of the physical education and sports program for middle school on improving some factors of the quality of social life in children with autism spectrum disorder, and in accordance with the nature and purposes of the actual study, the researcher depended on the descriptive way by putting into the practice an electronical questionnaire on a sample of (220) professors of physical and sports education for middle school from different Algerian states, which it covers five axes, and after statistical treatment of the results, it was concluded that physical education and sports program for middle school has an effect on improving some indicators of the quality of social life for children with autism spectrum disorder..
Cyberspace: Fertile ground for unofficial regulation
Authors: MESSAOUD-BOUREGHDA Narimene
Published: December 2024

Cyberspace invites the jurist in the countries of the Romano-Germanic family to rethink the theory of the sources of law. The theory of formal sources which derives the validity of a norm from its official mode of formation appears to be completely out of step with the actual modes regulation of the Internet, among which standards coming from atypical sources (private self-regulation, co-regulation, soft law processes) occupy a determining place. . This study situates the reality and importance of the regulatory activity of cyberspace actors by evaluating its impact on the effectiveness of formal state standards. The text attempts to demonstrate how the product of the self-regulatory activity of cyberspace, embodied by informal norms, could constitute the normative complement of formal norms. Only a renewed, even Americanized, approach to source theory makes it possible to account for the phenomenon of normative production in the field of cyberspace.
Methods and Ingredients of Successful Entrepreneurial Education at Annaba University: Creating a Challenge-Based Model for Future Entrepreneurs
Authors: Biskri Nour Elhouda , Youb Amel
Published: December 2024

Entrepreneurship education is a modern method and approach to education concerned with developing students’ entrepreneurial skills and increasing their entrepreneurial spirit to become entrepreneurs in the future. The study aimed to clarify the most important methods of success: to provide them with the knowledge necessary to build their personalities, encourage them, and consider entrepreneurial challenge-based education an effective model for this.  The study concluded the necessity of adopting modern methods in entrepreneurial education.
The constitutional court in Tunisia : The constitutional judge is still absent
Authors: MIHED BENKARA MOHAMED
Published: December 2024

The constitutional court in Tunisia was one of the most important post revolution gains acquired , it was institionalized in the 2014 Tunisian constitution , however it has been disrupted every time , the first time because of the divergences between parliamentary blocs in the assembly of the people’s representatives , the second time because of the president of the republic Kais Saeed who went further when he amended the constitution in 2022 and the whole constitutional architecture under the persistent absence of the constitutional judge , which is considered to some a threat to the constitutional legitimacy and a dragging of the country into authoritarianism
The Use of Educational Technology in Teaching Arabic A Field Study on Teachers in Selected Primary Schools
Authors: ZITOUNI Sabira
Published: December 2024

This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of using educational technology in teaching the Arabic language, which could contribute to improving teaching strategies and enhancing the quality of language education in primary schools. Therefore, the study employed a descriptive methodology and was conducted on a purposive sample of 27 primary school teachers who utilize technology in the educational process of teaching Arabic. In summary, the results of the study confirm that the use of educational technology has a significant positive impact on improving the quality of education and the academic achievement of primary school students in the Arabic language, as technological tools have helped simplify concepts and increase student engagement with the subject. Consequently, the study recommended enhancing the use of technology in education by providing continuous training for teachers, ensuring the necessary technological infrastructure in all schools, and developing educational curricula that align with modern technological advancements
Human Trafficking Crime' Concept, Elements and Confrontation Methods according to the Algerian and International Laws A Descriptive Analytical Study
Authors: Abd Allah Gamil Muhammad Gabr Es-Sayyed
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to shed light on human trafficking crime and analyse the legal aspects of this crime under the new Algerian law 23 – 04 issued on May 7th, 2023 on preventing and fighting human trafficking. The study also aaimed to explore the most relevant penal policies and national and international legal mechanisms to reduce human trafficking. The study used the descriptive analytical methodology. A review of literature was administered. The study came to the conclusion that in spite that the Algerian law has paid a great attention to the crime of human trafficking, it ought to give more emphasis on the executive mechanism in order that the legal and administrative measures specified for fighting human trafficking bear fruit. The study made the recommendation that the national and international efforts should stand shoulder in shoulder in confrontation of this crime
Organizational Change Management as a Mechanism for Developing Learning Organizations under the Mediating Role of Strategic Leadership: A field study at HODNA LAIT, a dairy production company
Authors: Boudjellal Abderrahim , Bareq Bareq
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the role of organizational change management in adopting the learning organization model, considering the presence of supportive strategic leadership as a mediating variable. The study population comprised 380 employees at HODNA LAIT, a dairy and dairy products manufacturing company in Algeria. The researchers employed a descriptive-analytic approach, relying on a questionnaire as the primary data collection instrument. Initially, 300 questionnaires were distributed, of which 226 were retrieved, forming the study sample. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using AMOS.v24. The study revealed several significant findings, including a direct and significant influence between organizational change management and the learning organization, and the mediating role of strategic leadership in this relationship
A New Era
Authors: The Editors
Published: December 2024

This is an announcement of changes in the editing and publishing model for this journal, Visible Language. We have established a consortium of institutions to ensure Visible Languages' independence and longevity. This takes effect January 1, 2025.
Visible Language Editorial Board: 
University of Leeds

Arjun Khara
Maria dos Santos Lonsdale*
Jeanne-Louise Moys

North Carolina State University

Helen Armstrong
Deborah Littlejohn
Matthew Peterson*

University of Cincinnati

Muhammad Rahman
D.J. Trischler
Mike Zender*

*Executive Board members
An Exploratory Study Evaluating the Influence of Taller Stripe Patterns on Reading Comfort Using Ranking Tests, Reading Tests, EEG’s, and Eye Tracking
Authors: Renckens Maarten
Published: December 2024

The Latin script has a vertical stripe pattern in it, which is known to cause visual discomfort. This study started from the hypothesis that a lower stripe pattern could result in better visual comfort than a taller stripe pattern. I evaluated this hypothesis with several letterforms and their correlating stripe patterns, tested in four independent tests: a ranking test, reading progression, measuring neurological response, and measuring eye movements. The results provide some indications that taller stripe patterns are less comfortable, but those results were mostly outside the range of common letter sizes for reading texts. Also, results for letterforms and plain stripe patterns differed. The results suggest that multiple design parameters influence reading comfort simultaneously, and that ‘the number of design details per surface’ is a design parameter that could play an important role in determining reading comfort. This needs to be evaluated in further studies.