bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SELECTING THE SUITABLE E-COMMERCE MARKETPLACE WITH NEUTROSOPHIC FUZZY AHP AND EDAS METHODS FROM SELLER'S PERSPECTIVE IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors: Akman Gülsen , Boyacı Ali İhsan , Kurnaz Sinem
Published: December 2022

E-commerce, which is defined as making commercial transactions in an electronic environment, is becoming widespread with the increase of the use of internet and mobile devices. COVID-19 has greatly changed the consumption habits of individuals, increasing interest in electronic sales channels. Regardless of their size, most companies and retailers are currently looking for ways to engage their customers through electronic channels due to the effect of COVID-19. In this process, the rapidly increasing trend of electronic commerce raises an important question for companies, "In which e-marketplace should we sell?” In this study, five criteria that are important in the choice of the right e-marketplace were determined and eight online alternative e-marketplaces were evaluated. The study was carried out using the neutrosophic fuzzy AHP and EDAS methods, which are multi-criteria decision making techniques, and a framework was established for choosing the right e-commerce marketplace for sellers.
Monitoring and Identification of Abnormal Network Traffic by Different Mathematical Models
Authors: Bai Bing
Published: December 2022

The presence of anomalous traffic on the network causes some dangers to network security. To address the issue of monitoring and identifying abnormal traffic on the network, this paper first selected the traffic features with the mutual information-based method and then compared different mathematical models, including k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), and Elman. Then, parameters were optimized by the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) based on the defects of BPNN and Elman to obtain GOA-BPNN and GOA-Elman models. The performance of these mathematical models was compared on UNSW-UB15. It was found that the KNN model had the worst performance and the Elman model performed better than the BPNN model. After GOA optimization, the performance of the models was improved. The GOA-Elman model had the best performance in monitoring and recognizing abnormal traffic, with an accuracy of 97.33%, and it performed well in monitoring and recognizing different types of traffic. The research results demonstrate the reliability of the GOA-Elman model, providing a new approach for network security.
Simulation of Web Page Big Data Capture Method Based on WNN Optimized by Locust Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Zhao-yin
Published: December 2022

In order to improve web page big data capturing ratio, the wavelet neural network (WNN) optimized by improved locust algorithm is established for capturing web page big data. First, the web page big data method is established, and the corresponding mathematical model is studied. Secondly, the neural network is established, and Legendre wavelet basis function is used as excitation function of hidden layer of WNN, and the theory models of input layer, output layer and hidden layer are constructed, and then the improved locust optimization algorithm is designed based on Levy flight local search strategy, linear decreasing parameter random jump strategy, decreasing coefficient update strategy and weight coefficient update strategy. Finally, a case study is carried out for validating the proposed web big data capturing method, results illustrate that the proposed method based on WNN optimized by improved locust algorithm can effectively improve web page big data capturing efficiency and accuracy, which has wide application view.
Trajectory analysis for low-order harmonic generation in two-color strong laser fields
Authors: Fan Xingwang , Gao Yuan , Yan Tian-Min , Jiang Yuhai , Zhang Yizhu
Published: December 2022

Focusing two-color laser fields in gas-phase medium produces ultrashort ultra-broadband low-order harmonics spanning from terahertz to extreme ultraviolet regime. The low-order harmonic generation can be explained by both macroscopic photocurrent model and microscopic strong field approximation theory. Here, we analytically build a bridge between the macroscopic and microscopic theories by means of the trajectory method, which manifests correspondences between macroscopic and microscopic theories. And we demonstrate the trajectory analysis to explain phase-dependent terahertz and third-harmonic generations, and contribute the phase-dependent yields and spectral shapes to the coherent superposition of electron trajectories released at distinct ionization instants, reflecting electron interfering with itself in radiation process. The trajectory method readily connects the low-order harmonics characteristics and behaviors of electron wavepacket, which has potential for reconstructing ultrafast electron dynamics by means of low-harmonics observations.
Instrument for in situ synchronous measurement of the multi-angle volume scattering function and attenuation coefficient
Authors: Liu Cong , Li Cai , Zhao Wei , Chen Fei , Yang Zeming , Zhang Xianqing , Zhang Yu , Zhou Wen , Cao Wenxi , Yu Linghui , Xing Huanlin
Published: December 2022

An instrument named as Volume Scattering and Attenuation Meter (VSAM) is presented. The VSAM can simultaneously measure the attenuation coefficient and the volume scattering function (VSF) from 10° to 170° with an interval of 10° at 659 nm. Using ultrapure water and NCRM-traceable polystyrene microsphere beads, the VSAM was calibrated, and the conversion factor χ
bθ
for estimating the backscattering coefficient from the backward VSF was obtained based on Mie theory in the laboratory. For χ
bθ
, the average relative deviation was no more than 7.77% in the range of 100°-160° between the modeled result based on VSAM and the theoretical result by Boss. Subsequently, the VSAM and ECO-VSF3 were deployed in situ in Zhanjiang Bay. The backscattering coefficient and VSF at the same angles measured by the two instruments were quite consistent. Some remarkable changes in the shape and magnitude of the VSF profile at different stations were found, with land-based pollutants composing an important suspicious source of these changes.
Investigation of the modifications properties in fused silica by the deep-focused femtosecond pulses
Authors: Stankevič Valdemar , Karosas Jonas , Račiukaitis Gediminas , Gečys Paulius
Published: December 2022

In this study, we demonstrate the elongated Type I modifications in fused silica with an axial length > 50 µm. Such extended longitudinal dimensions were obtained by deep focusing radiation of a femtosecond laser inside fused silica at a depth of 2 mm. The transition from the Type II modification (nanogratings) to the Type I modification (refraction index change) was observed with increasing focusing depth at the constant pulse energy. The refractive index changes of ∼ 1.5×10−3 for a single pass and 2.4×10−3 for multiple passes were demonstrated. The radial dimensions of the deep-focused modifications were confined to 0.5-1.5 µm size. By overlapping the modifications in radial and axial directions, 1D phase grating in the depth range from 2 to 5 mm was recorded, allowing to split of the beam with a diffraction efficiency of > 96%. We demonstrate that the aberration-based recording with a Gaussian beam in fused silica is a simple tool for fabricating complex phase diffractive optical elements.
Imaging stretching and displacement using gradient-index elements during the lens design process
Authors: Zhu Yupan , Xu Chen , Mao Qiuping , Guo Chenyu , Song Weitao
Published: December 2022

In this study, we propose an approach to stretch or translate images using gradient-index (GRIN) elements with a rotationally symmetric shape in lens systems. In this method, the GRIN material, instead of optical surfaces, are utilized to enable a breaking of rotational symmetry for the two image translations. GRIN expression with anamorphic and tilting terms is introduced. A pair of GRIN elements in front of the given system alters the magnification in two orthogonal directions using the anamorphic terms in the expression, which realizes image stretching. A pair of GRIN elements with tilting terms is used after the given system tilts the optical path to achieve a transverse displacement of the image. The structure of the given system remains unchanged when these translations are performed. A design method for the GRIN elements is presented. Additionally, a design example is presented whose image is stretched by 1.33 times in one direction and displaced to one side of its axis to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. The approach in this study may enable novel imaging GRIN lens system designs with flexible image positions or special optical functions.
Simulation of the nonlinear Kerr and Raman effect with a parallel local time-stepping DGTD solver
Authors: Zhang Tiancheng , Peng Yan , Dai Zhou , Bao Huaguang , Xiao Zelong , Chen Xuewen , Ding Dazhi
Published: December 2022

In this paper, an efficient discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method is proposed to solve Maxwell’s equations for nonlinear Kerr or Raman media. Based on our previous work, an arbitrary high-order derivatives DGTD method with a local time-stepping scheme is introduced for simulating dynamic optical responses in nonlinear dispersive media such that the nonlinear effects do not impose constraints on the stability conditions for linear subdomains. Therefore, the scheme enables the simulations in the nonlinear and linear media regions with independent time-stepping increments, which greatly improves the efficiency of the time-domain analysis. Moreover, by applying an iteration solution scheme, the proposed method preserves the intrinsic local features, which is favorable for the realization of highly parallelized algorithms. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and the efficiency of our proposed method. We believe the proposed method provides an effective tool for numerical analysis of nonlinear optical phenomena.
Enhanced secret-key generation from atmospheric optical channels with the use of random modulation: erratum
Authors: Chen Chunyi , Li Qiong
Published: December 2022

An erratum is given to correct two typos of Eq. (28) in [Opt. Express 30(25), 45862 (2022)10.1364/OE.476856]. The corrections do not impact on the results and conclusions of the original article.
Tunable slow and fast light in a silicon-on-insulator Fano resonator
Authors: Xu Tianqi , Zheng Shaonan , Qiu Yang , Zhao Xingyan , Zhong Qize , Dong Yuan , Jia Lianxi , Hu Ting
Published: December 2022

Tunable slow and fast light generation in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) Fano resonator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The slow and fast light generation with symmetric and asymmetric coupling conditions of the Fano resonator is theoretically analyzed. Under a slightly imbalanced coupling condition, the two output ports of the Fano resonator could produce a fast light and a slow light, respectively. By utilizing the thermo-optic (TO) effect to change the phase difference of the two optical beams coupled into the resonator, the transition of fast and slow light can be realized at the fixed resonance wavelength. Experimental results show that a slow-to-fast transition (group delay from 0.852 to −1.057 ns) at one resonance wavelength, and a fast-to-slow transition (group delay from −0.22 to 0.867 ns) at another resonance wavelength are realized simultaneously by controlling the microheater to tune the phase difference.
Comparing T cell receptor repertoires using optimal transport
Authors: Olson Branden J. , Schattgen Stefan A. , Thomas Paul G. , Bradley Philip , Matsen IV Frederick A.
Published: December 2022

The complexity of entire T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires makes their comparison a difficult but important task. Current methods of TCR repertoire comparison can incur a high loss of distributional information by considering overly simplistic sequence- or repertoire-level characteristics. Optimal transport methods form a suitable approach for such comparison given some distance or metric between values in the sample space, with appealing theoretical and computational properties. In this paper we introduce a nonparametric approach to comparing empirical TCR repertoires that applies the Sinkhorn distance, a fast, contemporary optimal transport method, and a recently-created distance between TCRs called TCRdist. We show that our methods identify meaningful differences between samples from distinct TCR distributions for several case studies, and compete with more complicated methods despite minimal modeling assumptions and a simpler pipeline.
Large-scale application of named entity recognition to biomedicine and epidemiology
Authors: Raza Shaina , Reji Deepak John , Shajan Femi , Bashir Syed Raza
Published: December 2022

Background

Despite significant advancements in biomedical named entity recognition methods, the clinical application of these systems continues to face many challenges: (1) most of the methods are trained on a limited set of clinical entities; (2) these methods are heavily reliant on a large amount of data for both pre-training and prediction, making their use in production impractical; (3) they do not consider non-clinical entities, which are also related to patient’s health, such as social, economic or demographic factors.

Methods

In this paper, we develop Bio-Epidemiology-NER (https://pypi.org/project/Bio-Epidemiology-NER/) an open-source Python package for detecting biomedical named entities from the text. This approach is based on a Transformer-based system and trained on a dataset that is annotated with many named entities (medical, clinical, biomedical, and epidemiological). This approach improves on previous efforts in three ways: (1) it recognizes many clinical entity types, such as medical risk factors, vital signs, drugs, and biological functions; (2) it is easily configurable, reusable, and can scale up for training and inference; (3) it also considers non-clinical factors (age and gender, race and social history and so) that influence health outcomes. At a high level, it consists of the phases: pre-processing, data parsing, named entity recognition, and named entity enhancement.

Results

Experimental results show that our pipeline outperforms other methods on three benchmark datasets with macro-and micro average F1 scores around 90 percent and above.

Conclusion

This package is made publicly available for researchers, doctors, clinicians, and anyone to extract biomedical named entities from unstructured biomedical texts.
The relationship between work disability and subsequent suicide or self-harm: A scoping review
Authors: Collie Alex , Gray Shannon Elise
Published: December 2022

Work disability occurs when an injury or illness limits the ability of a worker to participate in employment. While evidence suggests that people with work disability are at increased risk of suicide and intentional self-harm, this relationship has not been the subject of systematic review. This scoping review aims to assess and summarise the research literature regarding the relationship between work disability and subsequent suicide or intentional self-harm. Review protocol was published on the Open Science Foundation and is reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Peer-reviewed studies published in English from 1st January 2000 were included if they reported suicide or self-harm outcomes in people aged 15 years or older with work disability. Studies were identified via systematic search of Medline, Scopus and Pubmed databases, via recommendation from topic experts, and citation searching of included articles. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Literature search yielded 859 records of which 47 eligible studies were included, nine set in workers’ compensation, 20 in sickness absence, 13 in disability pension systems, and five from mixed cohorts. Of 44 quantitative studies, 41 reported a positive relationship between work disability and suicidal behaviour. The relationship is observed consistently across nations, work disability income support systems and health conditions. Several factors elevate risk of suicidal behaviour, including presence of mental health conditions and longer work disability duration. There were few studies in some nations and no suicide prevention interventions. The risk of suicide and self-harm is elevated in people experiencing work disability. Further observational research is required to fill evidence gaps. This review suggests the need for governments, employers and those involved in the care of people with work disability to focus on identification and monitoring of those at greatest risk of suicidal behaviour, and suicide prevention.
Serial magnetic resonance imaging of splenomegaly in the Trypanosoma brucei infected mouse
Authors: Paterson Samantha , Holmes William Matthew , Rodgers Jean
Published: December 2022

Splenomegaly, an enlargement of the spleen, is a known clinical sign of the parasitic disease, human African trypanosomiasis. This study follows the development of splenomegaly in a group of mice over multiple infection points, using a non-invasive imaging modality, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CD-1 mice infected with GVR35 T.b. brucei demonstrated a significant increase in spleen size from day 7 post-infection, with changes in the spleen tracked in individual animals over five time points. At the final time point, the mean spleen weight calculated using the spleen volume from the MR images was compared with the post-mortem gross spleen weight. No significant difference was detected between the two methods (1.62 ± 0.06g using MRI and 1.51 ± 0.04g gross weight, p = 0.554). Haematology and histological analysis were also performed, giving additional insight into splenomegaly for the GVR35 strain of infection. The study demonstrates that MRI is a useful tool when examining changes in organ volume throughout HAT infection and may be applicable in the investigation of a range of conditions where changes in organ volume occur and MRI has not been used previously.
Protocol to evaluate a pilot program to upskill clinicians in providing genetic testing for familial melanoma
Authors: Primiero Clare A. , Finnane Anna , Yanes Tatiane , Peach Betsy , Soyer H. Peter , McInerney-Leo Aideen M.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Genetic testing for hereditary cancers can improve long-term health outcomes through identifying high-risk individuals and facilitating targeted prevention and screening/surveillance. The rising demand for genetic testing exceeds the clinical genetic workforce capacity. Therefore, non-genetic specialists need to be empowered to offer genetic testing. However, it is unknown whether patient outcomes differ depending on whether genetic testing is offered by a genetics specialist or a trained non-genetics clinician. This paper describes a protocol for upskilling non-genetics clinicians to provide genetic testing, randomise high-risk individuals to receive testing from a trained clinician or a genetic counsellor, and then determine whether patient outcomes differed depending on provider-type.

Methods

An experiential training program to upskill dermatologically-trained clinicians to offer genetic testing for familial melanoma is being piloted on 10–15 clinicians, prior to wider implementation. Training involves a workshop, comprised of a didactic learning presentation, case studies, simulated sessions, and provision of supporting documentation. Clinicians later observe a genetic counsellor led consultation before being observed leading a consultation. Both sessions are followed by debriefing with a genetic counsellor. Thereafter, clinicians independently offer genetic testing in the clinical trial.

Individuals with a strong personal and/or family history of melanoma are recruited to a parallel-group trial and allocated to receive pre- and post- genetic testing consultation from a genetic counsellor, or a dermatologically-trained clinician. A mixed method approach measures psychosocial and behavioural outcomes. Longitudinal online surveys are administered at five timepoints from baseline to one year post-test disclosure. Semi-structured interviews with both patients and clinicians are qualitatively analysed.

Significance

This is the first program to upskill dermatologically-trained clinicians to provide genetic testing for familial melanoma. This protocol describes the first clinical trial to compare patient-reported outcomes of genetic testing based on provider type (genetic counsellors vs trained non-genetic clinicians).
Logical computation with self-assembling electric circuits
Authors: Yasmin Rojoba , Deaton Russell
Published: December 2022

Inspired by self-assembled biological growth, the Circuit Tile Assembly Model (cTAM) was developed to provide insights into signal propagation, information processing, and computation in bioelectric networks. The cTAM is an abstract model that produces a family of circuits of different sizes that is amenable to exact analysis. Here, the cTAM is extended to the Boolean Circuit Tile Assembly Model (bcTAM) that implements a computationally complete set of Boolean gates through self-assembled and self-controlled growth. The proposed model approximates axonal growth in neural networks and thus, investigates the computational capability of dynamic biological networks, for example, in growing networks of axons. Thus, the bcTAM models the effect of electrical activity on growth and shows how that growth might implement Boolean computations. In this sense, given a set of input voltages, the bcTAM is a system that is able to monitor and make decisions about its own growth.
Occupations on the map: Using a super learner algorithm to downscale labor statistics
Authors: van Dijk Michiel , de Lange Thijs , van Leeuwen Paul , Debie Philippe
Published: December 2022

Detailed and accurate labor statistics are fundamental to support social policies that aim to improve the match between labor supply and demand, and support the creation of jobs. Despite overwhelming evidence that labor activities are distributed unevenly across space, detailed statistics on the geographical distribution of labor and work are not readily available. To fill this gap, we demonstrated an approach to create fine-scale gridded occupation maps by means of downscaling district-level labor statistics, informed by remote sensing and other spatial information. We applied a super-learner algorithm that combined the results of different machine learning models to predict the shares of six major occupation categories and the labor force participation rate at a resolution of 30 arc seconds (~1x1 km) in Vietnam. The results were subsequently combined with gridded information on the working-age population to produce maps of the number of workers per occupation. The super learners outperformed (n = 6) or had similar (n = 1) accuracy in comparison to best-performing single machine learning algorithms. A comparison with an independent high-resolution wealth index showed that the shares of the four low-skilled occupation categories (91% of the labor force), were able to explain between 28% and 43% of the spatial variation in wealth in Vietnam, pointing at a strong spatial relationship between work, income and wealth. The proposed approach can also be applied to produce maps of other (labor) statistics, which are only available at aggregated levels.
Analysis of personality traits’ correlation to facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) and mandibular line angle based on 16 personality factor in Chinese college students
Authors: Lv Hongpeng , Wang Tianfang , Zhang Jing , Liu Zhaolan , Dong Jian , Xie Haotian , Yang Yingying , Xue Peiwen , Che Yuwen , Han Pengpeng
Published: December 2022

Facial appearance reveals clues about personality. Studies have found that facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) correlates with some personality traits, and mandibular morphology as a potential facial feature that might have correlation with personality traits. Therefore, a face recognition study was carried out to explore the personality traits’ correlation to both fWHR and bilateral mandibular line angles. Specifically, face images of 904 college students in China were collected and measured, with the personality traits evaluated using the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire. Analyses revealed that the average bilateral mandibular line angle of the male were significantly more extensive than that of the female, while the fWHR of the female was significantly more extensive than that of the male. We found facial features (fWHR and average bilateral mandibular line angle) were correlated with 16PF in the canonical correlation analysis and the loadings of bilateral mandibular line angles were greater than that of fWHR. The fWHR was significantly negatively correlated with the scores of sensitivity and self-reliance in male but none of the factors related to fWHR in female. The bilateral mandibular line angles were significantly negatively correlated with the scores of social boldness in male, and were significantly negatively correlated with the scores of vigilance and apprehension in female. Over all, the correlations between fWHR, average bilateral mandibular line angle and certain 16PF factors in male and female tend to be different, suggesting that such correlations might vary with gender. In the future, mandibular morphology could be selected as a potential indicator in facial perception. The limitations of this study were the participants were limited to 18–30 years of age and the mandibular morphology was not measured with anthropometry, which could be further improved in future studies.
Assessment of mastitis in camel using high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Rahmeh Rita , Akbar Abrar , Alomirah Husam , Kishk Mohamed , Al-Ateeqi Abdulaziz , Shajan Anisha , Alonaizi Thnayan , Esposito Alfonso
Published: December 2022

Camel milk is recognized as a functional food with significant economic value. Mastitis is one of the most common and costly diseases in the dairy industry. Mastitis, which is caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae, has an impact on the quality and quantity of milk produced as well as animal health and welfare. There is a paucity of data on the etiological factors that cause camel mastitis. This study reports the bacterial and fungal community involved in clinical camel mastitis using Illumina amplicon sequencing. A total of 25 milk samples were analyzed, including 9 samples with mastitis and 16 healthy samples. The bacterial community in healthy samples was significantly more diverse and abundant than in mastitis samples. The fungal population in mastitis samples, on the other hand, was more diverse and abundant. As compared to healthy samples, the generaStaphylococcus,Streptococcus,Schlegelella,unclassified Enterobacteriaceae,Lactococcus,Jeotgalicoccus. andKlebsiellawere found to be abundant in mastitic milk. However, the generaCorynebacterium,Enteractinococcus,unclassified Sphingomonadaceae,Atopostipes,Paenibacillus,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,Sphingomonas,PediococcusandMoraxellawere reduced. In the fungal community, mastitis caused a significant increase in the relative abundance of the majority of taxa, includingCandida,Phanerochaete,Aspergillus,Cladosporiumandunclassified Pyronemataceae, whilePenicilliumandAlternariashowed a decline in relative abundance. In the bacterial and fungal communities, the discriminant analysis showed 19 and 5 differently abundant genera in healthy milk and mastitic milk, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed a microbiome dysbiosis linked to clinical camel mastitis, with opportunistic pathogens outgrowing commensal bacteria that were reduced. These findings are essential in designing an appropriate control program in the camel dairy herd, as well as in preventing and treating camel mastitis.
The Salmonella T3SS1 effector IpaJ is regulated by ItrA and inhibits the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Yin Chao , Gu Jiaojie , Gu Dan , Wang Zhenyu , Ji Ruoyun , Jiao Xinan , Li Qiuchun
Published: December 2022

Invasion plasmid antigen J (IpaJ) is a protein with cysteine protease activity that is present in Salmonella and Shigella species. Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum uses IpaJ to inhibit the NF-κB pathway and the subsequent inflammatory response, resulting in bacterial survival in host macrophages. In the present study, we performed a DNA pull-down assay and EMSA and identified ItrA, a new DeoR family transcriptional regulator that could control the expression of IpaJ by directly binding to the promoter of ipaJ. The deletion of itrA inhibited the transcription of ipaJ in Salmonella. Tn-Seq revealed that two regulators of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), namely HilA and HilD, regulated the secretion of IpaJ. The deletion of hilA, hilD or SPI-1 inhibited the secretion of IpaJ in both cultured medium and Salmonella-infected cells. In contrast, the strain with the deletion of ssrB (an SPI-2 regulator-encoding gene) displayed normal IpaJ secretion, indicating that IpaJ is an effector of the SPI-1-encoded type III secretion system (T3SS1). To further demonstrate the role of IpaJ in host cells, we performed quantitative phosphoproteomics and compared the fold changes in signaling molecules in HeLa cells infected with wild-type S. Pullorum C79-13 with those in HeLa cells infected with the ipaJ-deleted strain C79-13ΔpSPI12. Both phosphoproteomics and Western blot analyses revealed that p-MEK and p-ERK molecules were increased in C79-13ΔpSPI12- and C79-13ΔpSPI12-pipaJ(C45A)-infected cells; and Co-IP assays demonstrated that IpaJ interacts with Ras to reduce its ubiquitination, indicating that IpaJ can inhibit the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Toxoplasma gondii virulence factor ROP1 reduces parasite susceptibility to murine and human innate immune restriction
Authors: Butterworth Simon , Torelli Francesca , Lockyer Eloise J. , Wagener Jeanette , Song Ok-Ryul , Broncel Malgorzata , Russell Matt R. G. , Moreira-Souza Aline Cristina A. , Young Joanna C. , Treeck Moritz
Published: December 2022

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that can infect many host species and is a cause of significant human morbidity worldwide. T. gondii secretes a diverse array of effector proteins into the host cell which are critical for infection. The vast majority of these secreted proteins have no predicted functional domains and remain uncharacterised. Here, we carried out a pooled CRISPR knockout screen in the T. gondii Prugniaud strain in vivo to identify secreted proteins that contribute to parasite immune evasion in the host. We demonstrate that ROP1, the first-identified rhoptry protein of T. gondii, is essential for virulence and has a previously unrecognised role in parasite resistance to interferon gamma-mediated innate immune restriction. This function is conserved in the highly virulent RH strain of T. gondii and contributes to parasite growth in both murine and human macrophages. While ROP1 affects the morphology of rhoptries, from where the protein is secreted, it does not affect rhoptry secretion. Finally, we show that ROP1 co-immunoprecipitates with the host cell protein C1QBP, an emerging regulator of innate immune signaling. In summary, we identify putative in vivo virulence factors in the T. gondii Prugniaud strain and show that ROP1 is an important and previously overlooked effector protein that counteracts both murine and human innate immunity.
Editorial
Authors: Klontzas Michael
Published: December 2022

This editorial is an overview of the six articles in this issue representing Africa, Asia, Europe and Oceania. Ahmed Omar Bali, Sherko Jabar, Hazhar Jalal and Mahdi Sofi-Karim look at post-Saddam Iraq and the rise of digital media entrepreneurialism. Veronique Wavre examines policy diffusion from the European Union to Jordan and Morocco. Diah Yuniarti and Sri Ariyanti analyse Singapore, Japan and Malaysia’s engagement with different integrated broadcast-broadband (IBB) technologies. Eylem Yanardağoğlu examines news consumption behaviour of youth in Greece and Turkey. Brighton Nyagadza’s systematic literature review generates themes around social media and search engine marketing (SEM) trends in Africa and around the world. Claire Henry investigates to what extent and in what ways media literacy affects regulation in New Zealand as an intended policy outcome.
Cuando el abismo te devuelve la mirada. Instrucciones para entender la imagen en el siglo XXI
Authors: Naranjo Adrià
Published: December 2022

ALFEO, Juan Carlos y DELTELL ESCOLAR, Luis (Eds.). Ante el caos. Miradas a la nueva expresión visual (2021). Editorial Fragua. Colección Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Información nº 155. Madrid, 2021 303 pp.
Necesidades de formación y referentes de evaluación en torno a la competencia digital docente: revisión sistemática
Authors: Betancur Chicué Viviana , García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso Ana
Published: December 2022

El estudio del nivel de las competencias digitales en docentes (CDD) ha estado orientado en los últimos años por referentes como el Marco Europeo de Competencia Digital del profesorado DigCompEdu y su adaptación al Marco Común español de Competencia Digital Docente del INTEF. En este sentido, el artículo busca identificar las áreas de competencia digital que la literatura referencia con menor desarrollo en los docentes universitarios, así como las estrategias y necesidades de formación que en torno a este campo. Para responder a estos objetivos se utiliza una metodología de revisión sistemática de la literatura, se describe el protocolo creado, se presentan los resultados y se establecen como conclusiones principales que el área con menor desarrollo de la CDD es la de “enseñanza y aprendizaje” (de acuerdo con el referente DigComEdu), siendo necesario la implementación de planes de formación docente centrados en la práctica y la renovación metodológica, utilizando formatos ágiles y flexibles ajustados a las condiciones particulares de los equipos de profesores.
Hematology and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Thai indigenous chickens
Authors: Tantikositruj Chananphat , Gunawan Asep , Uddin Muhammad Jasim , Nuchchanart Wirawan , Boonkaewwan Chaiwat , Laenoi Watchara , Kayan Autchara
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in the early phase of infection in the innate immune response against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor (LITAF) is an essential transcription factor that regulates the immune system, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to determine the hematological profile reflecting the immune response related to TLR2 and TLR4 and LITAF gene expression in Thai indigenous chickens.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples (2 mL) were randomly obtained from three chicken breeds (black-boned chicken, Fah Luang chicken, and Pradu Hang Dam chicken) at 16 weeks of age (n = 5 per breed). The hematological profile and mRNA expression within the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were determined by hematological analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results: The hematological profile differed significantly in terms of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin, and white blood cells (WBCs) (p < 0.05). Black-boned chicken and Fah Luang chicken had lower RBC levels than Pradu Hang Dam chicken. Fah Luang chicken had lower hemoglobin than Pradu Hang Dam chicken. However, Fah Luang chicken had higher WBC levels than Pradu Hang Dam chicken. Hematocrit, heterophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05). According to qRT-PCR, the expression of the TLR2 gene did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05), while TLR4 and LITAF gene expression did (p < 0.05). Toll-like receptor 4 and LITAF genes were most highly expressed in Fah Luang chicken.

Conclusion: The PBMCs of Thai indigenous chickens showed evidence of TLR4 and LITAF gene expression, with higher expression levels observed in Fah Luang chicken. From this preliminary study, it is concluded that TLR4 and LITAF genes might play roles in the main immune system response in Thai indigenous chickens.
A tanárok szerepe a bántalmazás megelőzésében, felismerésében és kezelésében
Authors: Siegler Anna , Arató Nikolett , Bigazzi Sára
Published: December 2022

Az iskolai kortárs bántalmazás negatív rövid- és hosszútávú következménnyel jár az érintett diákok számára (Grinshteyn és Yang, 2017; Ladd, Ettekal és Kochenderfer-Ladd, 2017), így annak megelőzését és kezelését széleskörű érdeklődés övezi mind a kutatók, mind a gyakorlatban dolgozó szakemberek részéről. A bullying
rendszerszintű megközelítése (Twemlow és mtsai, 2001) alapján a tanároknak és a szülőknek egyaránt modellnyújtó
szerepe van (Bandura, 1977), és az agresszió eszkalációjában kulcsszerepet játszik, hogy a felnőttek
normaszegő viselkedésként azonosítják-e a bántalmazást, illetve milyen módon reagálnak rá. Jelen kutatás célja
a közoktatási intézményben dolgozók, elsősorban a tanárok és a tanárszakos egyetemi hallgatók bántalmazással
kapcsolatos tapasztalatainak, attitűdjének felmérése, valamint a kezelési és megelőzési lehetőségek gyakorlati
megvalósulásának, megítélésének feltárása volt. A kevert módszertanú kutatás első adatfelvétele 402 tanár és
tanárjelölt bevonásával történt, míg a második minta a tanárokén túl intézményvezetők, iskolapszichológusok,
iskolai szociális munkások, fejlesztőpedagógusok és más intézményen belüli dolgozók válaszait tartalmazta
(N = 844). Eredményeink alapján a tanárszakos hallgatók magasabb bántalmazásbeli érintettségről számolnak
be a tanárokhoz képest, azonban egyaránt bántalmazást elítélő attitűdöt mutatnak. A pedagógusok felkészítése
szempontjából fontos eredmény, hogy a múltbeli bántalmazói háttérrel rendelkezők között több olyan résztvevőt
is találtunk, akiknek az attitűdje bántalmazást támogató, kevésbé elítélő volt. A megvalósuló gyakorlatok
áttekintésekor azt találtuk, hogy csupán a válaszadók 16,9%-a jelezte, hogy az intézményükben jelenleg is
proaktív-preventív gyakorlat lenne érvényben. A szükséges lépések megfogalmazásánál pedig, a szakmai
ajánlásokkal szembemenve, a válaszadók 38%-a elsődlegesen retributív megoldásokat várna. Az eredmények
megvitatása a gyakorlati jelentőségüket szem előtt tartva valósul meg.
The Plant Hunter: A Scientist’s Quest for Nature’s Next Medicines. Cassandra Leah Quave. 2021. Viking, New York. 371 pp.
Authors: Baker Janelle Marie
Published: December 2022

None.
Effect of Solvent pH on Antioxidant and Phytochemical Activities of Mulhatti Aerial Parts (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)
Authors: Devi Parvesh , Singh Sushila , Sihag Sheetal , Promila  , Ritu  , Sangwan Seema
Published: December 2022

Medicinal plants have been used since the era of Vedic history for their health care system where herbal medicine has a long history of use. It is also a very popular medicinal plant belonging to the Leguminosae family and is commonly known as Mulhatti. It contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, triterpene saponins and other constituents such as coumarins, sugars, amino acids, tannins, starch, choline, phytosterols etc. The present study was conducted for the estimation of phytochemicals (total phenols and flavonoids) and the evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity and DPPH free-radical scavenging activity in aqueous extracts of different pH (2, 4, 7 and 9) from aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. The content of phenolic compounds was maximal at pH 7 (14.13 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids at pH 9 (4.90 mg CE/g) and the total antioxidant capacity was maximal at pH 9 (13.43 mg AAE/g) and free radical scavenging DPPH activity was highest at pH 7 (IC50 value = 60.48 µg/ml). Thus, the aerial part is a good source of phytochemicals and also acts as a good antioxidant.
Microbial biostimulants as alternatives for the rooting of olive tree cuttings
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo Magno  dos Reis , Silva Luiz Fernando de Oliveira , Pasqual Moacir , Melloni Rogério , Magno Queiroz Luz José , Dória Joyce
Published: December 2022

Currently, southern Minas Gerais (MG) state is an important producer of different olive tree (Olea europaea L.) cultivars because, in this region, the plants can differentiate the buds to produce flowers and fruit. To stimulate the rooting of cuttings, the synthetic hormone indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at a concentration of 3 g L−1 is used commercially. However, few studies have investigated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), isolated or combined with rhizobacteria, as a biotechnological tool to produce hormones that function in the rooting of olive tree cuttings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of different AMF species (Rhizophagus clarus, Gigaspora rosea, or Acaulospora scrobiculata), combined or not with IBA or rhizobacteria, to promote the rooting of three olive tree cuttings (Arbequina, Grappolo 541, and Maria da Fé) with potential for cultivation in this region. For this, three experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of EPAMIG in Maria da Fé (MG), and the rooting potential of the olive tree cuttings inoculated with I) AMF, II) AMF combined with increasing doses of IBA, and III) AMF combined with three isolates of rhizobacteria was evaluated. The inoculation of olive tree cuttings of cultivars Arbequina, Grappolo 541, and Maria da Fé with Rhizophagus clarus, Gigaspora rosea, or Acaulospora scrobiculata combined or not with IBA or rhizobacteria did not significantly promote rooting. Alternative forms of rooting olive tree cuttings are still a challenge, and further studies for standardizing methodologies and experimental conditions are required.
Arte Ocupa ou da arte como espaço do comum
Authors: Osses Patricia Andrea Soto , Xavier Henrique Piccinato
Published: December 2022

ARTE OCUPA é um dossiê que reúne reflexões teóricas, curadoria, entrevista e ensaios visuais (desenhos, fotos, vídeos, performances, arte urbana) e reflete sobre práticas artísticas a partir de uma grande cartografia coletiva em que vielas periféricas, prédios abandonados/ocupados, centros degradados, ruínas, passeatas, manifestações de rua e múltiplos territórios inflamáveis espalhados pelos territórios brasileiro e estrangeiro (Sul americano, em especial) se dão não apenas como um espaço alternativo para práticas artísticas, mas, ao mesmo tempo, como um lugar de fortalecimento e de exercício de cidadania, noções de pertencimento e de resistência urbanas.
Ressoar a pergunta
Authors: Kadiwel Idjahure Achkar de Mendonça Pinto , Martins Lucas Canavarro Rodrigues
Published: December 2022

Concebido originalmente como uma palestra-performance, o artigo apresenta uma rede de diálogos e questões em torno do Txaísmo, termo cunhado pelo artista, escritor e curador Jaider Esbell. Referente a uma espécie de política de alianças entre povos indígenas, e entre indígenas e não-indígenas, presente em artigos e obras do autor, o artigo busca ressoar a questão elaborada por Jaider (“O que vem a ser o Txaísmo?”) estendendo-a a um conjunto de agentes dessa teia, amplificando suas implicações e contradições éticas. Nesse processo, são também explorados aspectos históricos e antropológicos acerca de como o termo txai foi dotado de uma significação para além de seu sentido huni kuin original e difundido mundo afora.
Ñewíeda
Authors: Baniwa Denilson
Published: December 2022

Nesse ensaio a metáfora do artista-abelha é ponto de partida para a reflexão sobre a capacidade dos artistas indígenas contemporâneos de narrar e de trocar experiências para articular uma nova comunidade de ouvintes: a arte ocidental.  A narração é para o autor o mel que cura as feridas e queimaduras coloniais, a partir de suas próprias cicatrizes. Outros aspectos definidores da arte indígena e sua relação com a cultura ocidental são tratadas no mesmo texto.
Gestão de crise: a atuação da assessoria de comunicação da Celtins durante a intervenção da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL)
Authors: Matos Joselita Damasceno , Sousa Poliana Macedo de , Azevedo Euclidia Dinormanda M. da S.
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as estratégias de Comunicação na Gestão de Crise, tendo como estudo de caso a empresa concessionária de energia elétrica no Estado, a Celtins. O referido estudo baseou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, bem como entrevistas direcionadas para a Assessoria de Comunicação da empresa e para o consultor e jornalista João José Forni. Constata-se que a empresa pesquisada não possui um planejamento de Comunicação para Gestão de Crise, mesmo passando por sua pior crise desde a sua criação, e sua assessoria afirmando que a partir desta crise, a Celtins estará pronta para enfrentar outro momento crítico.
Editorial
Authors: Dorne Vinícius Durval , Andrade Ivanise Hilbig de
Published: December 2022

Editorial - Vol. 1, número 2, julho - dezembro de 2016.
Pauta verde: a assessoria de comunicação do projeto "Cuidando das Nossas Águas"
Authors: Pedrini Jociene Carla Bianchini Ferreira , Arcangelo Alexandre , Silva Karolina Ribeiro da , Alves Kayc Pereira
Published: December 2022

Resumo
Editorial
Authors: Andrade Ivanise Hilbig de , Dorne Vinícius Durval
Published: December 2022

resumo
Interações por emojis no WhatsApp: significados e sentimentos nas trocas comunicacionais
Authors: Carvalho Ana Paula Pinto de , Fort Mônica Cristine
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre relações entre atores que realizam o intercâmbio comunicacional utilizando a forma imagem-texto a partir de emojis, que servem não apenas para transmitir significados, mas para simplificar a comunicação, gerando uma economia da atenção do sujeito diante de várias demandas informacionais. Discute conceitos de estética e de sociedade tecnologizada, empregando como referencial teórico pressupostos de Umberto Eco, Paul Virilio, Néstor Canclini, Pierre Lévy, Christoph TÃ¼rcke e Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht. Entende-se que o emoji incorpora a agilidade na emissão à necessidade de síntese do sujeito comunicante, reunindo atributos para se tornar uma nova estética narrativa. Para comprovar essa hipótese, utiliza-se como metodologia a realização de dois Grupos Focais, realizados entre abril e maio de 2016, com profissionais de Comunicação e Marketing que usam o WhatsApp no trabalho. Observa-se que mesmo em ambientes organizacionais esses símbolos fazem parte da conversa e, cada vez mais, cultura, comunicação e sociedade sobrepõem-se.
Editorial
Authors: Andrade Ivanise Hilbig de , Dorne Vinícius Durval
Published: December 2022

A partir de diferentes inquietações, reflete-se nesta edição sobretudo como, na contemporaneidade, a atenção aos processos comunicacionais e educativos só fazem/buscam sentido quanto interpretados e escavados na perspectiva inter e transdisciplinar.