bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengenalan Penggunaan Helm Proyek Berstandar Pada Citra Foto Berdasarkan SIFT Dengan SVM
Authors: Devella Siska , Wijaya Albert Kusuma
Published: April 2023

One of the causes of the high number of work accidents in Indonesia is not using personal protective equipment. The project helmet is a personal protective equipment that serves to protect he head. However, the level of awareness of workers using helmets in this project is still lacking. his study aims to determine the accuracy level of introduction to the use of standard project helmets. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are feature extraction and classification methods used in this study. The data used is in the form of 90 photos which are divided equally into 3 types of images. Research shows that there are 170 out of 180 upper bodies that have been successfully detected. The kernels used are linear, gaussian and polynomial. By sing 119 data as training data and 51 data as test data, the highest accuracy results are obtained the linear kernel with an overall accuracy rate of 68.63%.
Komparasi Algoritma Naïve Bayes dan Neural Network untuk Menentukan Ketepatan Masa Studi Mahasiswa(Studi Kasus: Program Studi Teknologi Informasi Universitas Udayana)
Authors: Bintari Ni Putu Erika Sari , Putra I Ketut Gede Darma , Raharja I Made Sunia
Published: April 2023

Abstrak

Perguruan tinggi memiliki akreditasi sebagai acuan untuk penilaian terhadap kualitas kampus yang ditentukan oleh Badan Akreditasi Nasional Perguruan Tinggi (BAN-PT). Tingkat akreditasi perguruan tinggi salah satunya dinilai dari kualitas lulusan mahasiswa yaitu lama studi mahasiswa. Lama studi mahasiswa dapat diprediksi menggunakan metode data mining. Metode data mining yang digunakan untuk memprediksi masa studi mahasiswa adalah algoritma naïve bayes dan neural network. Data mahasiswa berupa NIM, jenis kelamin, jalur masuk, IP Semester 1, IP Semester 2, IP Semester 3, IP Semester 4, dan kategori. Data sampel merupakan alumni mahasiswa angkatan 2008-2013 sebanyak 363 mahasiswa. Metode data mining akan dilakukan sebanyak empat kali pengujian berdasarkan jumlah data training dan data testing. Hidden layer yang digunakan sebanyak 1 dan 2 dengan dua neuron, training cycles menggunakan angka kisaran 25 hingga 2000, momentum sebesar 0,9 dan learning rate sebesar 0.5. Nilai performa algoritma naïve bayes akan menampilkan confusion matrix berupa akurasi sedangkan nilai performa algoritma neural network akan menampilkan confusion matrix berupa akurasi dan nilai RMSE.
METODE ONE TIME PASSWORD MODIFIED SEBAGAI SISTEM KEAMANAN MONITORING IOT
Authors: Adinatha Dewa Gde Eka Krisna , Sasmita Gusti Made Arya , Pratama I Putu Agus Eka
Published: April 2023

Monitoring is an activity carried out to find out the process of running a program or system that has been designed, whether it runs well as expected or not, find out the obstacles that occur and how to overcome these obstacles. The cryptographic scheme to secure communication protocols is one of the most effective defenses against a variety of attacks, including eavesdropping and simple routing attacks, at the communication layer. One of the techniques studied in cryptography is encryption-description. This study aims to apply a one time password (OTP) modified algorithm into an IoT based temperature and humidity monitoring system using a Raspberry PI microcontroller device and a DHT 11 sensor. . The encryption process begins with hashing using the SHA method on the plaintext, followed by producing a private key and public key for RSA Signature encryption, the hashing results will be encrypted using the RSA Signature algorithm, the RSA Signature encryption results will be combined with the RSA Signature public key and plaintext, followed by producing an OTP that will be used as an AES key. Next the AES encryption process is executed, the OTP key will be encrypted RSA, the results of the RSA ciphertext and the AES ciphertext are combined and encoded with the Base64 method. The implementation of this security system gets the test results of the average duration for data encryption process is 435,163ms, and the data transmission with encryption process is 123,705ms
Sistem Kartu Pintar Krama Bali Dengan Teknologi NFC
Authors: Pratama I Gde Putu Harry Putra , Piarsa I Nyoman , Wibawa Kadek Suar
Published: April 2023

Kartu Pintar merupakan suatu kartu yang berisikan chip untuk menyimpan suatu informasi. Teknologi kartu pintar bisa diterapkan sebagai inovasi untuk pengenalan identitas dan mengisi presensi kegiatan adat pada banjar adat di Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan Sistem Kartu Pintar Krama Bali dengan Teknologi NFC berupa aplikasi mobile dan alat protitype yang digunakan sebagai pengenalan identitas krama banjar adat dan melakukan presensi pada kegiatan adat yang ada di suatu banjar. Sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan Java, serta basis data MySQL, sedangkan alat prototype dirancang menggunakan NodeMCU ESP8266 sebagai microcontroller-nya. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem berupa alat prototype write/read data dan aplikasi mobile yang memiliki fitur untuk melakukan login, write data, read data, manajemen kegiatan, manajemen presensi, dan data krama.
МИНЕРАЛОПОДОБНАЯ КЕРАМИКА СТРУКТУРЫ ПЕРОВСКИТА ДЛЯ ИММОБИЛИЗАЦИИ ВЫСОКОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАДИОНУКЛИДА СТРОНЦИЯ-90 И ПРОТОТИП РАДИОИЗОТОПНОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ НА ЕГО ОСНОВЕ
Authors: Папынов Е.К. , Шичалин О.О. , Белов А.А. , Буравлев И.Ю. , Козлов А.Г. , Гридасова Е.А. , Тананаев И.Г.
Published: April 2023

Перспектива развития атомной энергетики и современных радиационных технологий определяется их безопасностью, как на стадии генерации энергии радиоактивного распада, так и при обращении с радиоактивными отходами. В работе представлен способ синтеза минералоподобной керамики на основе SrTiO3 со структурой перовскита, перспективной для иммобилизации высокоэнергетических радионуклидов стронция-90, с применением технологии реакционного искрового плазменного спекания (Р-ИПС). Проведено детальное исследование кинетики фазовых превращений во времени в зависимости от температуры разогрева компонентов реакционной смеси (SrCO3 и TiO2) методом РФА с использованием синхротронного излучения в условиях in situ при ее разогреве, в том числе совместно с ТГА и РФА. Методами РЭМ и ЭДС изучены структура, состав, а также исследована динамика консолидации реакционной смеси в диапазоне температур 900–1300 °С. Определены температурные условия высокоскоростного формирования керамики SrTiO3 с достижением плотности до 4,49 г/см3, микротвердостью по Виккерсу до 600 HV, прочностью при сжатии до 279 МПа и скоростью выщелачивания стронция в пределах 10−5 г·см−2·сутки–1, включая расчет коэффициента диффузии стронция из матриц. Впервые проведено исследование и предложен оригинальный способ получения тестового образца изделия источника ионизирующего излучения открытого типа по технологии реакционного ИПС на основе SrTiO3 керамики в виде активной зоны, армированной каркасом из титанового сплава, полученной аддитивным производством. Результаты исследования новые и представляют перспективу для технологий кондиционирования радиоактивных отходов и производства радиоизотопных изделий.
The role of the main hemodynamic parameters assessing in modern experimental practice
Authors: Protsak E. S. , Borshchev Yu. Yu. , Galagoudza M. M.
Published: April 2023

We report an analysis of published data concerning the measurement of systemic hemodynamic parameters in experiments on laboratory animals. The article highlights the influence of such issues as housing and husbandry, handling, the frequency of person contact, animal surgical modification and pharmacological support in the perioperative period on blood pressure and heart rate, the most frequently recorded parameters both in experiment and clinic. Published data should be taken into account when planning and preparing an experiment using biomedical animal models, as well as when developing and submitting a protocol to the bioethical commission. Assessment of systemic hemodynamics is an integral part of physiological monitoring in any surgery of animals allowing better standardization of experimental endpoints and timely correction of possible deviations.
Russia's foreign trade under sanctions in 2014–2022
Authors: EDRONOVA Valentina N.
Published: April 2023

Subject. The article considers the state, structure, and dynamics of Russia's foreign trade turnover under sanctions.
Objectives. The purpose is to provide a comprehensive quantitative assessment of changes in the volume, structure and dynamics of foreign trade in conditions of a new phenomenon for modern Russia, i.e. unprecedented sanctions by European countries and the United States.
Methods. I employ methods of structural and comparative data analysis, time series studies, methods of generalization of official statistical and customs information materials, and data published in the mass media.
Results. The paper revealed dynamic and structural features of Russia's foreign trade turnover, exports and imports under the influence of sanctions, considered directions of foreign trade restructuring in modern conditions.
Conclusions. The dynamics of foreign trade in the conditions of sanctions is fluctuating, having no clearly expressed tendency to rise or fall. In the export commodity structure, the share of metals and forest products, as well as liquefied natural gas, decreased, while maintaining the volume of oil supplies. Due to the termination of supplies of European equipment to Russia, enterprises in a number of industries began to experience difficulties in the production of high-tech products. The most important direction in the development of modern foreign trade is a reorientation of exports and imports to Asian countries and Latin American and African States.
On opportunities to achieve market equilibrium in the global oil market
Authors: KUTERNIN Mikhail I.
Published: April 2023

Subject. The global oil market has experienced qualitative changes caused by the introduction of non-market methods into its regulation system, like the use of embargo, setting a price ceiling, stiffening sanctions. These changes require new approaches to studying the oil market and identifying the opportunities for its development.
Objectives. The study aims to develop tools enabling to analyze the latest trends in the market transformation and identify possible ways of its development, to determine stable market conditions, and analyze possibilities of achieving market equilibrium.
Methods. The main method of research is mathematical modeling. The methodology involves typification of object, taking into account its latest changes, building an appropriate research model, and verifying its adequacy by applying to the analysis of previous stages of market development.
Results. I constructed a game model reflecting the main features of the oligopolistic market of goods with saturated demand. The model helped determine the main features of possible stable agreements in the oil market. The paper establishes the correspondence of the results of model experiments and real stable conditions of the world market.
Conclusions. The model is suitable to examine the current state of the world oil market. The study of recent non-market methods is possible by including consumer countries in the set of players in the model.
الدور الاجتماعي لرجال الأعمال في التنمية الاجتماعية دراسة تحليلية نظرية
Authors: F. Shaheen Adnan
Published: April 2023

حاولت الدراسة تسليط الضوء على الدور الاجتماعي لرجال الأعمال ، خاصة في ظل تزايد معدلات الفقر والبطالة والعشوائيات، ومن ثم أصبح الدور الاجتماعي لرجال الأعمال ضرورة تفرضها معطيات الواقع الاجتماعي الاقتصادي، كي يساهم رجال الأعمال في توفير الخدمات التعليمية، والرعاية الصحية، والتمكين من فرص التنمية الاجتماعية والاقتصادية ، والتي يمكن أن تساعد في تخفيف الفقر وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة.
وقد توصل الدراسة إلى مجموجة من النتائج ومن أهمها : بالرغم من كل الدعم المادي والمعنوي الذي تقدمه حكومة الإقليم، إلا انه يبقى دون مستوى المطلوب او الطموح لان الحكومة تمتلك الكثير من طرق واساليب الدعم والتشجيع  دون أن يعني ذلك اطلاق حرية القطاع الخاص او افساح المجال امامه للاستغلال او الاحتكار ، وضعف اهتمام أغلبية رجال الاعمال بالجانب الاجتماعي، وانحسار اهتمامه بالجانب الاقتصادي فقط لكونه مصدر الربح الذي يمكن تحقيقه بسرعة. وقيام رجال الاعمال بالتنمية الاجتماعية تأتي لدوافع دينية في المقام الاول ويليه الدوافع السياسية الحزبية ومن ثم تاتي دوافع سمعة جيدة للمؤسسته وأيضاً نوعية الانشطة التي تقوم بها مؤسسات رجال الاعمال تنوعت بين رعاية الصحية في المقام الأول ، ثم تأتي رعاية أسر فقيرة وفي المقام الأخير تأتي دعم برامج مكافحة الفقر .
Murabaha İşlemlerinin Muhasebe Standartları Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇETİN TORUN Hava , SAVSAR Cihat
Published: April 2023

Murabaha; alış fiyatına veya malın maliyeti üzerine, belli bir kar ilavesi ile karşılıklı güven anlayışına dayalı bir sözleşmedir. Çalışmanın amacı; faizsiz yapıya uygun finansal tekniklerden birisi olan murabaha işlemlerinin muhasebe uygulamalarının standartlar kapsamında incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda bireysel ve kurumsal murabaha sözleşmelerinin muhasebeleştirilmesi; Faizsiz Finans Muhasebe Standardı FFMS-28 “Murabaha ve Diğer Vadeli Satışlar” ile TMS-TFRS kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Her iki düzenleme arasında görülen en önemli farklılık murabaha konusu satın alınan varlığın ilk defa muhasebeleştirilmesinde görülmektedir. TMS/TFRS’e göre satış işleminde satışa konu olan varlığın, kontrol dışında risk ve faydalarının da karşı tarafa geçmesi gerekir. Bu nedenle murabaha işlemi bir kredi olarak kabul edilmektedir. FFMS-28 “Murabaha ve Diğer Vadeli Satışlar” standardına göre ise murabaha konusu varlık önce katılım bankasının stoklarına dâhil edilmektedir. TMS/TFRS’ye göre murabaha konusu varlık edinildiğinde maliyet bedeli üzerinden müşteri borçlandırılırken, hesaplanan kar payı tutarı ve alınan vergiler ise borçlanma bedeline dâhil edilmeden kayıtlara alınmaktadır. FFMS-28’de ise söz konusu varlık önce stok hesaplarına alındıktan sonra satış işlemi yapıldığında, elde edilen fark (kar payı) düzenleyici bir hesap olan ertelenmiş kar hesaplarında raporlanmaktadır. Çalışmamızda FFMS-28 standardı kapsamında gerçekleştirilecek muhasebe uygulamaları için katılım bankalarınca uygulanacak tek düzen hesap planında boş bulunan bazı hesapların kullanılması önerilmiştir.
Denying the Divinity of Christ and Proving the Prophethood of Muhammad in the Context of Comparative Religions: The Debate as a Model
Authors: Siddik Ahmed , Rashid Kifah
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

                     Muslim academics have been familiar with theological and scientific debates from the early ages. Islam's academics and the members of the Ahl-AlKitab engaged in theological debates throughout the religion's history, touching on a wide range of topics related to worship, belief, dogma and more. The most prominent of these was their assertion that Jesus is God while also rejecting that Jesus preached the message of Muhammad. The verses in the Holy Qur'an, as well as the distorted bible, were evidence against them. These Muslim academics debunked the Christians' claims that Jesus is divine. They invalidated the Christian academics and provided evidence for what had been surmised from corrupted biblical accounts: that Jesus was informed of Muhammad's message and purpose.
The Narrators Who Write and Write Not His Hadith in Imam al-Bukhari’s Thua’fa’ Al Sageer: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jawad Saadoun
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

          The research deals with the perspectives of the scholars of Al-Jarh and Al-Ta’deel  who are specialized in describing some of the narrators whose narrations of compiled hadith are accepted or modified. The research demonstrates the ultimate accuracy of judging narrators who write and write not hadith. and preserves the knowledge the narrators relied upon and thus transmitted the Sunnah of the Prophet and his companions.  The research is divided into two sections: the first section clarifies the meaning of writing and not writing narration; section two tackles the comparative approach in Thua’fa’ Al Sageer.  The research has two requirements divided between the topic of the narrators who are described as "writing their speech," and the narrators who are not writing”. It relied heavily upon  the perspectives of   Al-Jarh and Al-Ta’deel scholars who preceded Imam Al-Bukhari, as well as those who came later after him.
Presumption of Proportion in Sura Altawasini : A Semantic Study
Authors: Karim Hiwa , Hama Aso
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

The ancient grammarians and linguists dealt with the context by insinuation and reference at times, and by explicit pronunciation at other times.  As such, they used terms close to their linguistic or lexical meanings and synonymous with them, such as the terms (link, verse, evidence, indication, sign). These references and allusions to the term context came during their discussion about attribution, conjunction, or transitivity, or when they mention grammatical chapters, such as the subject, the predicate, the object, the adjective, addition, dependencies, deletion, and appreciation. The researchers hardly find a chapter except for the context mentioned in it, whether it is explicitly pronounced or what is on its behalf and indicates it. From those chapters the researchers chose the accusative and the genitive as two chapters that fall within the context of the attribution in order to show the semantic effect that the context indicates.
The Choices of Judge Aspejabi in Mukhtasar Al-Tahawi’s Explanation: A Comparative Jurisprudential Study of Takbeer Formula
Authors: Sarheed Mohi
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

            Different perspectives of scholars about different issues should be based upon the text and its effect rather than passion. This is accepted as far as God Almighty created humans with varying mental and intellectual abilities. This research is mainly concerned with the impact received from hadith’s interpretation.   The study, further, highlights the provisions related to pray. The research follows a comparative jurisprudential approach. The examined model is “The Choices of Asbijabi in his explanation of Al-Tahawi’s summary.  The research entails two sections: section one presents a brief biography of judge Aspejabi, section two tackles the formula of the opening takbeer.  The research ends with its conclusion and cited works.
The Phenomenon of Death in Al-Mutanabbi's Poetry
Authors: Hussein Ahmed
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

              This study examines the topic of death in the poetry of Abi al-Tayyib al-Mutanabi. Death became a preoccupation that terrified the poet and continued throughout his lifetime. Al-Mutanabbi died a terrible death at the hands of a small band of criminals commanded by Fatik, who crushed his grandest aspirations.

The researcher argues that al- Mutanabbi and poetry are dominated by pessimism, which is accompanied with transcendence, ambiguity, and a desire for future greatness so as to compete with monarchs and princes. These characteristics accelerated his demise.
Men of the Iraqi Hadith School, Shahrazour City, and their Hadith Productions : Collection and Investigation
Authors: Ahmed Othman
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Hadith expertise among the best disciplines known to men. Otherwise, chaotic viewpoints will be presented to religion. Due to Shahrazour's significant relevance to the science of hadith narration and the sheer volume of its narrators, this study concentrates on Shahrazour and its hadith output. In order to facilitate access to them, their expertise, and what imams have to say about them, this study intends to identify these narrators and the manner in which they are referenced in canonical narrative. As a result, using the translations of hadiths found in books of men's histories, dictionaries, and class books, the researcher gathers and names all persons who are referred to as (Al-Shahrozoori). The researcher also discusses certain terminologies associated with the study's subject, including Shahrazour, Madrasa, and Sulaymaniyah. The notion of the Hadith school and the figures of Shahrazour make up the two outlines that form up the research framework.
Russian-Latin American Strategic Partnerships in New Geopolitical Context
Authors: Konovalova Kseniya
Published: April 2023

The object of this study is contemporary Russian-Latin American relations. The influence of the current international context related to the crisis around Ukraine on Russia's strategic partnerships (SP) with a number of Latin American states is considered in detail. The first part reveals the specifics of this relationship format. The second part analyzes the dynamics of the dialogue with Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela, Cuba, Nicaragua, Peru and Ecuador, depending on the depth of the impact on them of the confrontation between Russia and the West after the start of the Russian special military operation in Ukraine. In conclusion, the work highlights similarities and differences in the lines of conduct of Russia's Latin American strategic partners in today's conflicting international political conditions. This study is one of the first attempts to comprehend the effects of the Ukrainian crisis on the state and possible future of strategic partnerships between Russia and nations of the LAC region. A new look at the issue, involving systematic approach and case study method, which allows analyzing and including each national example of bilateral strategic partnership in the broader context of the dialogue between the Russian Federation and Latin America, determines the author's contribution. Main conclusions are as follows. First, although the reaction of Russia's strategic partners to the Ukrainian crisis and its global consequences varies, their common desire to maintain the momentum of mutually beneficial cooperation with Russia is noticeable. Secondly, within strategic partnerships, one can single out a material and symbolic components, and it is on the second that the complication of the international context has hit the hardest. Finally, the current situation clearly requires Russia to revise its Latin American strategy, the first step of which could just be a rethinking of the SP format.
Foreign Purchases for the Needs of Russian Transport during the First World War: Problem Statement and Historiographical Aspects
Authors: Prigodich Nikita Dmitrievich , Bogomazov Nikolai Ivanovich
Published: April 2023

The article discusses general theoretical considerations about the factor of foreign purchases in solving the transport crisis in Russia during the First World War. At the same time, the main emphasis is placed on a historiographical review of the problem, which allows us to formulate a vector for further research. Since the end of 1914, it has become obvious to the political and military leadership of the country that the requirements of wartime in some industries significantly exceed the capabilities of domestic manufacturers. First of all, this applies to railways, front and rear, which constantly needed a huge number of new rails and fasteners to them, switches, bandages, wagons of various types, locomotives and other materials. The inability to produce the necessary materials in the right quantity at Russian enterprises naturally led to the need to purchase them abroad, primarily in the United States and allied countries - Great Britain and France. Since 1915, foreign procurement has been on a wide scale. Military and civilian authorities, trying to improve the operation of transport, which is critical in wartime conditions, are gradually expanding the range of goods ordered abroad for transport purposes, including cars, materials for aviation and the navy.
Changing the Semantics of Author Terms Based on Scientific and Artistic Texts on the Example of the Term "Happening"
Authors: Kosarina Aleksandrina Anatol'evna
Published: April 2023

The subject of the study is the concept of the author's term, its definition is given, and the etymological, semantic and pragmatic criteria for the allocation of the author's term are also highlighted. Using the term Happening as an example, the use of the author's term in professional and non-professional discourse is considered. The article examines the definition given by the author of the term Alan Kaprow, and the evolution of his understanding of the term Happening. The semantics of the term and its changes in the works of various artists of the 1950s - 1960s, as representatives of professional discourse, and in works of art of the 1960s - 2010s, representing non-professional discourse, are studied. Common features of the use of the term Happening in professional and non-professional discourses are highlighted. The main conclusions of the study are the following positions: the term Happening can be considered copyright, since its author is known, the author's sema is key to the semantics of the term, and professionals using it associate the concept with its creator. In professional discourse, the term is used in a direct terminological meaning. In non-professional discourse, the term loses part of this, acquiring others; in particular, the author's sema is lost, and the term no longer meets the criteria of the author's term. The novelty of the research lies in the appeal to the use of the English-language author's term in professional and non-professional discourse.
The Egyptian Novelistic Prose of the 1950s and the Tendencies of its Development: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Bogdanova Iuliia Alexandrovna
Published: April 2023

The article investigates the common tendencies and the diversity of the Egyptian novelistic prose of the 1950s. We analyzed the following novels: The Earth (1954) by ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Sharqawi, The Cairo Trilogy (1956–1957) by Naguib Mahfouz, The Sin (1959) by Yusuf Idris, The Open Door (1960) by Latifa al-Zayyat, and The Blue Flashlights (1960) by Mahmoud Teymour. Despite the fact that some of the most significant novels were written in the 1950s (The Trilogy, The Sin, and The Open Door are in the top-100 of the Arabic novels of the 20th century, Arab writers union, 2001), the researchers have been taking into account either the authors one by one, or the modern Arabic literature in general. We drew the attention to the national features and the close context in which these influential Egyptian novels were created. By comparing their plots, characters’ systems, style and language, narrative, and the conflicts of the pieces, we came to the following results: the realism in Egypt flourished in the 1950s; the socialist, critical, psychological branches of the realistic literature are represented. The writers’ interest was dedicated to the national liberation struggle. The prose of the decade is either urban or rustic. The difference between writers’ generation appears in the language of the dialogues (Standard Arabic or Egyptian dialect). In conclusion, the realism in Egypt had reached its mature stage in the 1950s, and during the decade, the tendencies appeared that had led to the rise of modernism in the 1960s.
Multiculturalism in Teju Cole's Novel "Open City"
Authors: Shchepacheva Inna Vladimirovna
Published: April 2023

The object of the study is the modern American multicultural prose of the late XX-early XXI century, the subject of the study is the situation of multiculturalism. The research material is the novel "Open City" by the modern American writer of Nigerian origin Teju Cole, published in 2012. The purpose of the study is the relevance of this study due to several factors. Firstly, at this stage, both in foreign and domestic literary studies, one can observe a continuing interest in highlighting various features of multicultural literature in the United States. Secondly, today T. Cole is a significant author in the modern literary space of the USA. The novel we are analyzing is distinguished by its appeal to the iconic trends of modern US literature and is an interesting material for research in the context of the designated topic. If the work of many representatives of the multicultural prose of the USA of the late XX-early XXI century became the subject of scientific research, the work of Teju Cole is practically not studied. In this regard, the novelty of our research lies in the fact that for the first time in Russian literary studies, an analysis of the novel "Open City" is provided from the point of view of the functioning of various cultures and their influence on the formation of the identity of the protagonist. As a result of the research, we come to the conclusion that the novel highlights the multicultural situation in which the main character finds himself. Such a situation causes a mental crisis in the mind of the hero, since he cannot fully feel his belonging to any of the cultural components.
Análise clínica-epidemiológica dos casos de sífilis congênita no município de Altamira-PA
Authors: Costa Gabriely Pereira da , Silva Karoline Costa , Pereira Aline Cristina dos Santos , Soares Thiago de Sousa , Sousa Yasmim Silva , Sousa Mylena Socorro Correa de , Silva Márcia Cristina Freitas da , Gomes Marcilene Pimentel , Silva Júnior Ademir Ferreira da
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis congênita nos anos de 2017 a 2021 no Município de Altamira – PA.  Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e ecológico, com dados coletados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), realizado em Altamira – PA, com gestantes residentes do município e seus respectivos recém-nascidos (RN’s). A análise foi por estatística descritiva e o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: A taxa na incidência de sífilis, varia ao longo dos anos, tendo como maior incidência o ano de 2018, com taxa de 0,012. 94,3%, indicam que a sífilis gestacional está atenuada nas idades entre 15 a 34 anos. 66,7% dos casos de sífilis na gestação foram em mães com menos de oito anos de estudos. 86% delas realizaram pré-natal, mas 87,4% não realizaram o tratamento da sífilis gestacional ou o fez de forma inadequada e ainda, seus parceiros não foram tratados ou o tratamento foi inadequado podendo gerar o processo de reinfecção. Conclusão: Apesar da maioria dos diagnósticos de sífilis gestacional ocorrer no pré-natal, 87,4% não realizaram o tratamento ou o fez de forma inadequada o que leva à sífilis congênita por transmissão vertical.
Importância da assistência à saúde para crianças com Síndrome de Down submetidas a cirurgia cardíaca
Authors: Freitas Milton Halyson Benevides de , Freitas Marcio Handerson Benevides de , Menezes Neto Antônio Raphael de , Menezes Pedro Affonso Ferreira de , Netto João de Almeyda Campos , Patriota Hugo Vasconcelos , Sampaio Júlia Cartaxo Ramos , Souza Gabriel Carneiro Ferreira , Carneiro Danyelle Fonseca Rodrigues , Silva Liniker Scolfild Rodrigues da
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Averiguar na literatura científica a importância da assistência em saúde a crianças com Síndrome de Down em cirurgias cardíacas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura, do tipo revisão integrativa, com delimitação atemporal, realizada no período de dezembro de 2022 a janeiro de 2023 efetuada nas bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, e a biblioteca Scientific Electronic Library Online. Resultados: Foram encontrados 1.421 estudos, contudo, ao final do processo de análise, apenas 12 produções foram incluídas no estudo. Observaram-se as dificuldades de oferta eficazes das crianças que convivem com Síndrome de Down e que necessitam de intervenções médicas devido às suas especificidades da saúde e condições de síndromes cardiológicas, destacando-se a necessidade de maiores estudos mediante essas problemáticas. Considerações finais: Verificou-se carência de estudos sobre o acesso de crianças com Síndrome de Down submetidas a cirurgias cardíacas a serviços de saúde que os contemplem integralmente. Essas dificuldades estão relacionadas a falta de diagnóstico precoce.
Changes in the microperimeric parameters of the retina during the closure of the macular hole with the preservation of the internal limiting membrane
Authors:   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow, Pavlovskiy O.A. , Fayzrachmanov R.R. ,   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Moscow
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To propose the technique of surgery and to conduct a comparative analysis of the microperimetric parameters of the retina for macular hole (MR) using various techniques. Material and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 90 patients (90 eyes) with a diagnosis of macular hole were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 – patients who underwent ILM peeling; group 2 – patients whose macular hole was closed with the preservation of ILM in the foveolar zone and nasal part. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination and an OCT study. Results. On the 30th day after surgery, there was a statistically significant excess of microperimetric parameters from the nasal part of the macular zone: the upper nasal and lower nasal quadrants, where peeling was not performed (p = 0.032) and (p = 0.034), respectively. Conclusion. When conducting a membrane-preserving peeling technique, the risks of intraoperative damage to the retinal Сlayers are reduced. A higher functional result was obtained in comparison with the group where the standard technique was used. Keywords: microperimetry, macular rupture, peeling of the inner boundary membrane
Differentiated approach to the treatment of patients with subretinal hemorrhage by of age-related macular degeneration
Authors:   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Petrachkov D.V. , Korobov E.N. ,   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Alkharky L. ,   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Barishev K.V. ,   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Shabalina K.N. ,   «M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases»
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To determine the directions of a differentiated approach to the treatment of patients with subretinal hemorrhage (SRH) by of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and methods. A total of 24 patients (25 eyes) with SRH by of AMD were treated. The mean duration of a hemorrhage from its onset to the start of treatment was 23.0 ± 17.9 days (range from 5 to 72 days). The size of the SRH varied from 1 DD to subtotal hemorrhagic retinal detachment. Prior to the onset of SRH, anti-VEGF therapy was performed in 11 (44 %) cases. Patients underwent the following treatment options for SRH: 1) anti-VEGF intravitreal injection (IVI) – 6 (24 %); 2) IVI anti-VEGF + IVI prourokinase + IVI ophthalmic gas (SF6, C2F6) – 4 (16 %); 3) vitrectomy (VE) + subretinal administration of prourokinase + IVI antiVEGF + IVI ophthalmic gas (C2F6, C3F8) – 13 (52 %); 4) VE + transplantation of PES – 2 (8 %). The average follow-up period for patients after treatment was 9.4 ± 5.4 months. Results and discussion. With the maximum follow-up period after the treatment, regardless of the method, it was possible to achieve hemorrhage displacement: partial – in 6 (24 %) patients, complete – in 19 (76 %) patients. At the maximum follow-up period, an improvement in BCVA in comparison with the preoperative one was observed in 15 (60 %) cases, no dynamics – in 7 (28 %) cases, and negative dynamics – in 3 (12 %) cases. In 2 (8 %) cases, after treatment for 3 and 6 months, a recurrence of SRH was observed, moreover, a larger size than the initial one. All patients underwent anti-VEGF therapy after the start of SRH treatment. Conclusions. A differentiated approach in the treatment of patients with SRH by of AMD has positive results in improving BCVA and shifting hemorrhage from the macular zone, and the choice of treatment method is determined by the size and duration of the existence of the SRH. Keywords: submacular hemorrhage, age-related macular degeneration, pneumodislocation, vitrectomy, anti-VEGF inhibitors, tissue plasminogen activator, retinal pigment transplantation
The effectiveness of surgical treatment of macular hole after retinal pigment epithelium autotranslocation in complicated neovascular AMD
Authors:   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Sosnovskii S.V. , Boiko E.V. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Bayborodov Y.V. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Suetov A.V. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Doktorova T.A. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Shumova D.I. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Analysis of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of macular hole, developped in the follow-up after retinal pigment epithelium and choroid autotranslocation, performed for complicated neovascular AMD. Material and methods. Retinal pigment epithelium and choroid autotranslocation was performed in 28 patients with complicated neovascular AMD. In the postoperative period, 2 patients developed a macular hole, for which repeated surgical treatment was performed – membranopiling and application of autoplasma. The follow-up period was 12 and 24 months. Visual acuity and macular hole closure were assessed. Results. In both cases, the closure of the macular hole was achieved, the effect was stable during the follow-up. Visual acuity increased from 0.02 to 0.1 in the first case, and from 0.05 to 0.1 in the second case. Conclusion. Macular hole rate after retinal pigment epithelium and choroid autotranslocation, performed for complicated neovascular AMD, is 7.1 %. Surgical treatment, including ILM peeling and application of autologous plasma, is an effective treatment for this macular hole, that leads to improved visual functions. Keywords: subretinal surgery, vitreo-retinal surgery, macular hole, silicone oil, autotranslocation
Characteristics parameters of the anterior chamber angle produced by multiple intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drugs
Authors:   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Andreeva Y.S. , Alharki L. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Shelankova A.V. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Plyukhova A.A. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Budzinskaya M.V. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Using optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment of the eye (ASOCT) to identify dynamic changes in the parameters of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) produced by multiple intravitreal injections (IVI) of anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Material and methods. 30 patients were included in the study. Using the Revo NX tomograph (Optopol, Poland), the main parameters of the anterior chamber angle in the meridian from 0–180° were studied: the angle opening value (in degrees °), the angle opening distance (this indicator is the distance between the posterior surface of the cornea and the iris in 500 and 750 µm from the scleral spur (AOD500, AOD750; angle opening distance, mm)). The study was carried out before IVI, one month after 1 IVI, one month after 3 IVI, one year after the start of treatment. Results. An intergroup analysis revealed a narrowing of the ACA as well as a decrease in the opening distance of the AOD500 angle both from the nasal and temporal sides one month after three IVI anti-VEGF drug compared with the start of treatment (p < 0.05). A year later, against the background of antiangiogenic therapy, a decrease in all parameters of the ACA was revealed: the magnitude of the angle opening, the angle opening distance AOD500, AOD750 both from the nasal and temporal sides (p < 0.05). A greater number of IVIs was associated with a greater narrowing of the ACA one year after the start of treatment on the temporal (R^2 = 0.424, p = 0.02) and nasal (R^2 = 0.37, p = 0.049) sides. Conclusions. There was a statistically significant narrowing of the ACA from the nasal and temporal sides in the 0–180° meridian according to AS-OCT produced by IVI of anti-VEGF drugs. Keywords: anterior chamber angle, intraocular pressure, anti-VEGF therapy
Optical coherence tomography for differential diagnosis of retinal detachment in partial hemophhtalmos and assessment of disease dynamic
Authors:   Clinic of ophthalmosurgery «Professorskaya plus», Yekaterinburg, Nikiforova A.A. , Baksheeva Y.S. ,   Clinic of ophthalmosurgery «Professorskaya plus», Yekaterinburg, Alvares M.A. ,   Clinic of ophthalmosurgery «Professorskaya plus», Yekaterinburg
Published: April 2023

Hemophthalmos is one of the urgent conditions in ophthamology. Diagnosis of acute vitreous hemorrhage includes an examination of the fundus, however, a decrease in the transparency of optical media makes it difficult to establish the cause and choose the appropriate management method. OCT allows, mutually with other methods, to visualize the necessary retina area with moderate or even severe opacities caused by hemophthalmos. Keywords: hemophthalmos, optical coherence tomography, peripheral retinas, retinal detachment
Determination of the activity of foci of cytomegalovirus retinitis without aqueous humor sampling
Authors:   Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Pershin B.S. , Smirnova A.B. ,   Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Published: April 2023

Cytomegalovirus retinitis is retinal necrosis, a disease that can lead to irreversible blindness, the most effective way to treat it is a series of intravitreal injections under the control of intraocular fluid polymerase chain reaction. This is possible only in conditions of close relationship with the laboratory. This paper proposes a technology for monitoring the state of foci of cytomegalovirus retinitis without laboratory analysis of aqueous humor.
Analysis of the changes in retinal pigment epithelium detachment in patient with exudative form of age-related macular degeneration on long-term results of treatment
Authors:   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Budzinskaya M.V. , Plyukhova A.A. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Savochkina O.A. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation, Afanasieva M.A. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases , Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Retinal pigment epithelial detachments (RPE) develops in more than 80 % of eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration (eAMD) [1, 2]. RPED is a pathological condition in which the retinal pigment epithelium separates from the underlying Bruch's membrane due to the formation of a fibrovascular membrane, drusenoid material, fluid and/ or blood accumulation [3]. Recent published data from studies have shown controversial results of treatment with anti-VEGF therapy in patients with ARD on the background of eAMD, possibly due to different diagnostic capabilities and interpretation of the results by specialists. Purpose. To study the response to anti-VEGF therapy in patients with various RPED in eAMD. Material and methods. The study included 221 patients: with serous vascular (55 eyes) and fibrovascular detachment of RPE (176 eyes). To determine the maximum height of the retinal pigment epithelium detachment, it was necessary to manually set a line from Bruch's membrane to the retinal pigment epithelium in the scan where the maximum detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium was detected. Antiangiogenic therapy was carried out using the drug Aflibercept (Eylea® / Eulea®, Bayer Pharma AG, Mullerstrasse 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany) according to the standard method using the treat & extend regimen (treat and prolong). Results. A significant increase in BCVA was found in patients with 1st type neovascularization and PCV during the first year of therapy from 0.51 ± 0.18 to 0.58 ± 0.23 and from 0.66 ± 0.23 to 0.76 ± 0.20 (p < 0.05), with a further gradual significant decrease and return from baseline BCVA by 3rd year to 0.51 ± 0.25 (p < 0.05) in the group with 1st type CNV, in patients with PCV, there was also a decrease in BCVA, but this was unreliable. BCVA values in all four groups decreased by the 6th year of observation. There was a significant decrease in the height of RPED in the group with the 1st and 3rd types of neovascularization, as well as in patients with PCV during the first 2 years of therapy (p < 0.05). Сonclusions. Thus, a significant increase in BCVA in the first year of therapy in patients with ARD is more common in 1st type CNV and with PCV. At the same time, in all groups, after 6 years of treatment, a downward trend in BCVA can be observed. Also, in all groups, there was a decrease in the height of RP, which indicates a good response of the fluid under RP to the ongoing anti-VEGF therapy. Keywords: exudative form of retinal pigment epithelium detachment, anti-VEGF therapy, aflibercept, retinal pigment epithelium detachment
Substantiation of pathogenetic orientationtion of staged light immobilization in macular and vitreoretilinal surgery
Authors:   National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Kornilovskiy I.M.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To substantiate the pathogenetic orientation of staged light immobilization in macular and vitreoretinal surgery. Material and methods. Literature data and own longterm clinical observations of the results of vitreoretinal, optoreconstructive, microsurgical and laser therapeutic, optical and refractive operations were analyzed. Particular emphasis was placed on the results of photostress-testing and differential aberrometry in macular and vitreoretinal pathology in combination with ametropia (150 eyes, 96 patients). Results. Studies have shown that changes in the retina and surgical operations for macular and vitreoretinal pathology create conditions, when the usual physiological light load begins to have a damaging effect on the retina and aggravate the course of the disease. The latter indicates the expediency of using various techniques for limiting the light load on the retina. This requires a gradual smooth transition from complete to various options for partial light immobilization. In all cases, optical photoprotection from external UV radiation, complete correction of ametropia and associated optical aberrations were shown This was indicated by a positive correlation between defocus and higher-order aberrations with an increase in visual acuity recovery time after a photostress-test. The timing of such immobilization should take into account the severity of the pathological process and the specific type of surgical intervention. This can be realized with a large arsenal of spectacle, contact, intraocular photochromic and spectral lenses that block the violet rays of visible light and attenuate the flow of rays of the blue spectral range. If full optical correction of ametropia, induced irregular astigmatism and higher order aberrations is impossible, their personalized laser correction is shown according to keratotopography and aberrometry data. This is indicated by the revealed positive correlation between the recovery time of visual acuity after the photostress-test, defocus, and higher-order aberrations. Conclusion. Gradual light immobilization in macular and vitreo-retinal surgery has a pathogenetic focus and should be more widely used in ophthalmic practice. Keywords: light immobilization, deprivation, photoprotection, macular and vitreo-retinal surgery