bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Commerce
Authors: Goyal Sandeep , Hu Chihua , Chauhan Sumedha , Gupta Parul , Bhardwaj Amit Kumar , Mahindroo Ankit
Published: November 2021

The present study performs the bibliometric analysis of the social commerce (s-commerce) literature, highlights the major research themes, and suggests future research directions. The HistCite software has been used for bibliometric analysis on a sample of 660 s-commerce papers obtained from the ISI Web of Science database. This study analyses these papers to present the details about the influential journals, authors, and universities regarding s-commerce research. Following research themes have been identified based on the content analysis as well as citation mapping of the top-cited 53 s-commerce papers: 1) S-commerce – Purchase Intention, 2) S-commerce – Sharing Intention, 3) Social Media – Marketing and Consumer Engagement, 4) S-commerce – User Preferences and Concerns. Subsequently, a multi-dimensional conceptual model has been developed to highlight the coupling and flow between s-commerce growth drivers, practice indicators, and performance metrics. Finally, future research directions have been recommended.
An interstitial ectopic pregnancy managed with laparoscopic cornual resection
Authors: Rajayohan T. , Gunasekara M. D. , Sithambarapillai A.
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Interstitial ectopic pregnancy is a rare type of tubal ectopic pregnancy associated with increased case fatality rate due to profuse haemorrhage. It is initially asymptomatic and ruptured later than other tubal ectopic pregnancies. Case report: A 31 years old primigravida presented with per vaginal bleeding at period of amenorrhoea of six weeks. Her examination findings were unremarkable and transvaginal scan revealed left sided interstitial pregnancy. Her initial serum beta human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-hCG) level was 7300 mIU/ml. As she was haemodynamically stable, there were no signs of rupture and serum β-hCG was dropping, she was initially managed expectantly. As she developed abdominal pain with per vaginal bleeding and drop in serum β-hCG was slow, expectant management was abandoned and surgical management was planned. Laparoscopy was performed and revealed a left sided interstitial pregnancy with thinned out myometrium. As laparoscopy guided transcervical suction evacuation has failed, laparoscopic corneal resection was performed after vasopressin infiltration into myometrium. She had uneventful recovery and was followed up until her serum β-hCG became less than 30 IU/L. Discussion: An Interstitial ectopic pregnancy must be differentiated from cornual and angular pregnancies with clearly defined ultrasound diagnostic criteria. Three dimensional (3D) ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will further help in diagnosis of interstitial ectopic pregnancy. It can be managed expectantly, medically or surgically depending on the patient’s clinical condition, preference and serum β-hCG level.
Fetal structural and genetic anomaly screening. Are we doing it correct at the age of NIPT?
Authors: Senadheera D. I. , Jayawardane I. A. , Jayasundara D. M. C. S.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Effect of birth ball usage on labour outcome and perinatal outcome
Authors: Jothirathne B. S. C. S. , Rathnasiri U. D. P.
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Reduction of pain during labor is addressed via general approaches, pharmacologic and non-pharmacological methods. Birth ball promotes optimal positioning of foetal presenting part to maternal pelvis and pain sensation reduction during labor. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of birth ball exercises on reducing labour pain and duration and improving labour outcome among pregnant mothers. Methods: Randomized control trial was conducted in Obstetric Unit in Castle Street Hospital for Women. SNSOE technique was applied for allocation concealment. Interviewer administered data collection sheet, birth ball and an analogue visual pain scale were used as study instruments. Selected perinatal outcomes, duration and labour pain were compared between two study groups. Study was ethically cleared by the Ethic Review Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Colombo. Trial was registered in Sri Lanka Clinical Trial Registry. Results: Mean age was 29.33 years (SD=5.27 years). Mean gestational age of all the study participants was 279.47 days. (SD=5.63 days). Majority of the study participants had delivered their babies via NVD (N=66: 78.65) and 16.7% (N=16), of them were subjected to EM/LSCS. Mean BMI value was 28.13 kg/m2 (SD=1.72). Height and weight of the study participants showed a negative correlation with the duration of labour. Duration of labour showed a positive correlation with the BMI of the mothers. Significant reduction of mean labour pains and labour duration was noted in the group which experienced birth ball exercises when compared to the control group. Conclusions and recommendations: Duration of labour can be significantly reduced by applying the birth ball exercises procedure. It is beneficial to use the birth ball exercise procedure as a method of reducing labour pains. Expected amount of adverse perinatal outcomes was less among the mothers who used birth ball exercise. Birth ball exercise procedure can be identified as a practical strategy to increase intrapartum obstetric outcomes.
Laparoscopic myomectomy in Sri Lankan public health care system: The need and challenges
Authors: Dissanayake D. M. A. K.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
A randomized clinical trial comparing intravaginal glyceryl trinitrate (nitric oxide donor) plus artificial sweeping of membrane versus artificial sweeping of membrane alone for cervical ripening at term pregnancies with unfavourable cervix
Authors: Jayantha G. R. R. N. , Nanayakkara S.
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction

Significant amount of pregnant mothers is not undergoing spontaneous onset of labour at term. The policy of cervical ripening at term will reduce the risk and their complications associated with post date pregnancies. Artificial sweeping of membranes and nitric oxide donors are useful cervical ripening methods used across the world. This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of cervical ripening by administration of intravaginal Glyceryltrinitrate plus artificial sweeping of membranes versus artificial sweeping of membranes alone.

Objectives

To Compare of the efficacy,the spontaneous onset of labour rate, the labour outcome, the duration from induction to the delivery time of baby and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes of cervical ripening by administrating of intravaginal Glyceryltrinitrate combined with artificial sweeping of membranes versus artificial sweeping of membranes alone.

Methodology

This was a double blinded randomized clinical trial carried out in a major obstetric unit in Sri Lanka.Having excluded the subjects according to the exclusion criteria, rest of the sample was divided into cases and controls. Sample size was calculated as 114 for each arm. Approval of the proposal and ethical clearance have been obtained from the board of study and ethical review committee of postgraduate institute of medicine, University of Colombo, SriLanka respectively.Sample randomization done by using stratified block randomization technique with sealed envelope. Information leaflet was given and detailed written consent was taken from the subjects prior to the recruitment. Artificial sweeping of membranes together with intravaginal Glycery ltrinitrate was inserted for the cases and artificial sweeping of membranes alone was performed for the control group. Spontaneous onset of labour, improvement of the modified Bishop’s Score and labor outcome were assessed. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software.

Results

Mean age, parity and gestational age were matched in both intervention and control group. Results were analyzed by SPSS software using standard statistical tools. Spontaneous onset of labour within 24 hours were significantly increased (p
A message from the Editor in Chief
Authors: Lanerolle Sanath
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Management of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy
Authors: Jayalatha J. A. V. S. , Ifla M. I. F. , Chandrasinghe S. K.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Management of epithelial ovarian cancers
Authors: Alagoda B. J. B. , Hapuachchige H. D. K. C. , Wijesinghe R. , Wijeratne Y. M. T. Y. , Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Sri Lanka College of
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Guidance for cervical screening and management in Sri Lankan health care system
Authors: Kandanearachchi P. , Alagoda B. J. B. , Hapuachchige H. D. K. C. , Wijesinghe R. , Wijeratne Y. M. T. Y. , Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Sri Lanka College of
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Lysine-Specific Histone Demethylase 1 Inhibition Enhances Robust Fetal Hemoglobin Induction in Human β0-Thalassemia/Hemoglobin E Rrythroid Cells
Authors: Kaewsakulthong Woratree , Pongpaksupasin Phitchapa , Nualkaew Tiwaporn , Hongeng Suradej , Fucharoen Suthat , Jearawiriyapaisarn Natee , Sripichai Orapan
Published: November 2021

Induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) ameliorates the clinical severity of β-thalassemias. Histone methyltransferase LSD1 enzyme removes methyl groups from the activating chromatin mark histone 3 lysine 4 at silenced genes, including the γ-globin genes. LSD1 inhibitor RN-1 induces HbF levels in cultured human erythroid cells. Here, the HbF-inducing activity of RN-1 was investigated in erythroid progenitor cells derived from β0-thalassemia/HbE patients. The significant and reproducible increases in γ-globin transcript and HbF expression upon RN-1 treatment was demonstrated in erythroid cells with divergent HbF baseline levels, the average of HbF induction was 17.7 + 0.8%. RN-1 at low concentration did not affect viability and proliferation of erythroid cells, but decreases in cell number was observed in cells treated with RN-1 at high concentration. Delayed terminal erythroid differentiation was revealed in β0-thalassemia/HbE erythroid cells treated with RN-1 as similar to other compounds that target LSD1 activity. Downregulation of repressors of γ-globin expression; NCOR1 and SOX6, was observed in RN-1 treatment. These findings provide a proof of concept that a LSD1 epigenetic enzymes is a potential therapeutic target for β0-thalassemia/HbE patients.
Temporal changes in nutrients in a deep oligomictic lake: the role of external loads versus internal processes
Authors: Rogora Michela , Austoni Martina , Caroni Rossana , Giacomotti Paola , Kamburska Lyudmila , Marchetto Aldo , Mosello Rosario , Orru' Arianna , Tartari Gabriele , Dresti Claudia
Published: November 2021

The impact of climate change on stratification and mixing patterns has important effects on nutrient availability and plankton dynamics in deep lakes. We demonstrate this in a long-term study of Lake Maggiore, a deep oligomictic lake located in the subalpine lake district in Northern Italy. Studies on physical, chemical and biological features of the lake have been performed continuously since the 1980s. The lake recovered from eutrophication in response to a reduction of catchment nutrient loads and reached a stable oligotrophic status by the end of the 1990s, with average total phosphorus concentrations in the water column around 10 µg L-1. However, both reactive and total phosphorus have slightly increased since 2010, leading to a shift in the lake trophic state towards mesotrophy. The increase in phosphorus has been limited to the hypolimnetic layers, concentrations being fairly stable or decreasing in the epilimnion. Reactive silica also progressively increased in the hypolimnion, while nitrate and total nitrogen concentrations have steadily decreased in both deep and surface layers, especially in the summer period. These changes were assessed in relation to catchment loads, atmospheric deposition and climate-related variations in stratification and mixing patterns and in nutrient retention. Long-term changes in primary production, represented by chlorophyll levels, and biovolume of the main algal groups were also considered. During the eutrophication period and until the 1990s, in-lake phosphorus concentrations were tightly related to external loads; successively, phosphorus and its vertical distribution up the water column became more controlled by internal processes, in particular by stratification and mixing regime. An increase of thermal stability and a reduced frequency and intensity of deep mixing events has fostered oxygen depletion and phosphorus and silica accumulation in the hypolimnion. Another consequence of reduced deep mixing events, has been a reduction in nutrient replenishment of the upper layers at spring mixing. External loads are still the main driver of change for nitrogen compounds: the decrease in the atmospheric load of nitrogen that occurred in the Lake Maggiore area over the last decade, as an effect of reduced nitrogen emissions, has caused decreasing concentration of inorganic nitrogen in the lake. However, the phytoplankton community changes observed might also play a role in nitrogen dynamics, particularly in the nitrate minima observed during summer in recent years.
Recent emergence and outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Samoa
Authors: Olayemi Lawal Olatunde , Yemoh Vicky , Ekeroma Alec
Published: November 2021

Diarrheal diseases have been known to cause death in many children below the age of five years, and rotavirus infection represents a major health problem in the world today, particularly in developing countries. The recent outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Samoa led to the introduction of her debut national immunization program on rotavirus vaccination for infants. Despite the introduction of anti-viral and anti-emetic drugs as of the containment approaches towards the virus, risk factors, preventive measures and public health preparedness against rotavirus infection are poorly understood in Samoa. This review aims to use available evidence on rotavirus literature to elucidate and map preventive strategies for the recently emerged rotavirus infections in Samoa. We conducted a search strategy using online medical literature databases and retrieval systems. A designated set of keywords such as rotavirus, gastroenteritis, outbreak, risk factors, containment measures, vaccination and Samoa were inserted in electronic databases to retrieve articles. The databases included PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Scinapse, and EBSCO host. Findings from this review addressed the impact of rotavirus infection, associated threats and other preventive measures. Introducing useful health frameworks in pursuing possible methods such as improved water quality, exclusive breast feeding, improved laboratory diagnostics and outbreak surveillance, may be essential in addressing alternate approaches towards containment of the disease in Samoa and other Pacific Island Countries and Territories.
Endophthalmitis caused by Bacteroides fragilis after pars plana vitrectomy and treatment approach
Authors: Yildirim Hakan , Balbaba Mehmet , Yilmaz Turgut , Toraman Zülal Asci
Published: November 2021

Rationale:

Endophthalmitis is an uncommon but serious ocular infection often resulting in probable visual loss. Bacteroides fragilis is a rare cause of endophthalmitis.

Patient concerns:

A 46-year-old male patient complained of eye pain and low vision after pars plana vitrectomy.

Diagnosis:

Bacteroides fragilis endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy was diagnosed.

Interventions:

Pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil implantation were performed.

Outcomes:

Early treatment and choice of tamponade in endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy may possibly prevent evisceration and progression of endophthalmitis.

Lessons:

Bacteroides fragilis can be seen in cases of endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography to Detect Benign and Malignant Biliary Strictures
Authors: Shabanikia Niloufar , Adibi Atoosa , Ebrahimian Shadi
Published: November 2021

Background:

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a noninvasive method to detect pancreaticobiliary strictures. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MRCP and detect sensitive and specific radiologic features in distinguishing malignant and benign pathologies.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 50 patients with biliary obstruction and a confirmed diagnosis using histopathology were included. The pathologies were evaluated using MRCP which were categorized into malignant and benign strictures. The etiology of strictures was detected using histopathology and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The diagnostic performance of MRCP was calculated using SPSS software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Of 50 patients, 23 patients (46%) had malignant strictures based on MRCP and histopathology. The sensitivity and specificity of MRCP to detect malignancy were 95.7% and 96.3%, respectively. The most sensitive MRCP features to detect malignancy were upstream biliary duct dilation, abrupt tapering, and the presence of a solid mass with sensitivity 100%, 95.7%, and 78.2%, respectively. The malignancy rate was significantly higher in the strictures with length >11.5 mm or wall thickness >2.75 mm (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

MRCP is a sensitive method to differentiate malignant lesions from benign pathologies. A long and thick stricture with the presence of a solid mass, upstream biliary duct dilation, and abrupt tapering is highly suggestive of malignancy.
Determination of the Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Survival using the Bayesian Method, Yazd, Iran
Authors: Pahlevani Vida , Mohammadzadeh Morteza , Pahlevani Nima , Nayeb Zadeh Vajiheh
Published: November 2021

Background:

There are numerous sophisticated studies which have investigated risk factors of breast cancer (BC). The purpose of this paper is to use benefits of Bayesian modeling to involve such prior information in determining factors affecting the survival of women with BC in Yazd city.

Materials and Methods:

The checklist included the characteristics of the patients and the factors studied. Then, from the records of patients referred to Radiotherapy Center of Shahid Ramezanzadeh, who had BC, from April 2005 to March 2012, the survival of 538 persons was recorded in the census. Data were analyzed by R software version 3.4.2, and 0.05 was considered the significance level.

Results:

The mean age of BC diagnosis was 48.03 ± 11016 years. The Bayesian Cox regression showed that surgery (hazard ratio [HR] =1.631 95% PI; 1.102–2.422), ki67 (HR = 3.260. 95% PI; 1.6308–6.372), stage (HR = 5.620, 95% PI; 4.079–7.731), lymph node (HR = 1.765, 95% PI; 1.127–2.790), and ER (HR = 2. 600 95% PI; 2.023–3.354) were significantly related to survival time.

Conclusion:

The parametric and cox models were compared with standard error, and Cox model was selected as an optimal model. Accordingly, stage, ki67, lymph node, ER, and surgery variables had a positive effect on death hazard.
Cutaneous Crohn Disease without Intestinal Manifestations
Authors: Vahabi-Amlashi Sadegh , Molkara Sara , Shahrokhi Yahya
Published: November 2021

Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are common in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Various reactive cutaneous conditions, including erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum frequently occur as a part of EIMs. However, cutaneous metastasis of CD is rarely encountered in CD patients. Here, we report a 28-year-old female patient presenting with discharging deep fissures on genital and intergluteal regions. The result of a skin biopsy showed noncaseating granulomas. After rule out all the other differential diagnoses for granulomatous skin lesions, we believe this patient may be a case of CD, presenting with skin metastasis and GI tract involvement has not been occurred during 1-year follow-up. We suggest including cutaneous (metastatic) CD in the list of dermatologic differential diagnoses for cutaneous lesions of these sites. These lesions can occasionally precede gastrointestinal (GI) involvement by months and years, therefore, an appropriate follow-up needs to be done to detect GI lesions as soon as they appear.
Doxepin prevents the Expression and Development of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Naji Esfahani Hajar , Vaseghi Golnaz , Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh , Pilehvarian Aliasghar
Published: November 2021

Background:

Peripheral neurotoxicity is a common side effect of many anticancer chemotherapy drugs, including paclitaxel. Peripheral neurotoxicity may present as changes in sensory function and mild paresthesia that, in turn, can lead to alleviation of the prescribed dose of the medication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acute and chronic doxepin administration on development and expression of neuropathic pain during the treatment of cancer with paclitaxel.

Materials and Methods:

Neuropathic pain was induced in mice by paclitaxel (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.,] once daily from day 1 to day 5) that caused mechanical and cold allodynia. Doxepin was administrated every day from day 6 to 10 (10 and 15 mg/kg i.p.). Mechanical and cold allodynia was evaluated on day 11 of the experiment in both the test and the control group.

Results:

Daily administration of doxepin (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg i.p.) from day 1 to 5 significantly inhibited the development of cold and mechanical allodynia. As well doxepin administration (5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) from the 6th day, to 10th day significantly inhibited cold and mechanical allodynia expression. To address the concerns associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy agents on the tumor, we evaluated paclitaxel cytotoxicity effect in combination with doxepin. Our observations indicate that doxepin even at high concentrations (1 and 10 μg/ml) does not interfere with the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel (0.05 μg/ml).

Conclusions:

These results indicate that doxepin, when administered during chemotherapy, can prevent the development and expression of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
Clinical Profile and Immediate Outcome of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19
Authors: Sethy Geetanjali , Mishra Bibhudatta , Jain Mukesh Kumar , Patnaik Sibabratta , Mishra Reshmi , Behera Jyoti Ranjan , Sahoo Bandya , Behera Narendra
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Following an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease (COVID-19), otherwise healthy children may develop serious manifestations in the form of cardiac, neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic dysfunction. Many such cases were being observed in Odisha, an eastern state of India, and have been reported from different health-care facilities. We related these unexplained serious manifestations to multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C) and planned this study.

Methods:

This retrospective observational study was carried out at the following three tertiary care centers: Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar; MKCG Medical College, Berhampur; and Jagannath Hospital, Bhubaneswar. The study population included all children aged from 1 month to 18 years admitted to the hospitals with MIS-C according to the WHO diagnostic criteria. All the data were analyzed by SPSS software.

Results:

A total of 21 children were included in our study. Majority of the cases were male (76.2%), and the predominant age group was 6–10 years (47.6%). Common symptoms and signs in our observation included fever, pain abdomen, seizure, and hypotension. Most of these cases were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody (80.95%). Response to immunotherapy was dramatic. Mortality (9%) of our study was higher than 1.8%–3% from that of Western literature. None of our patients had coronary abnormality, while two patients had mild cardiac dysfunction at discharge comparable to that of other studies.

Conclusion:

MIS-C following exposure to COVID-19 infection in children is a clinical syndrome, which needs early suspicion and appropriate intervention to prevent mortality.
Sequelae of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Garg M , Maralakunte M , Dhooria S
Published: November 2021

One of the common long-term consequences observed in survivors of COVID-19 pneumonia is the persistence of respiratory symptoms and/or radiological lung abnormalities. The exact prevalence of these post-COVID pulmonary changes is yet unclear. Few authors, based on their early observations, have labeled these persistent computed tomography (CT) abnormalities as post-COVID lung fibrosis, which appears to be an overstatement. Lately, it is being observed that many of the changes seen in post-COVID lungs are temporary and tend to show resolution on follow-up, with only a few developing into lung fibrosis. Thus, based on the presumptive diagnosis of lung fibrosis, these patients should not be blindly started on anti-fibrotic drugs. One must not forget that these drugs can do more harm than good, if used injudiciously. It is better to use the term “post-COVID interstitial lung changes”, which covers a broader spectrum of pulmonary changes seen in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. At the same time, it is essential to identify the sub-set of COVID-19 survivors who are at an increased risk of developing lung fibrosis and to carefully chalk out management strategies so as to modify the course of the disease and prevent irreversible damage. Meticulous and systematic longitudinal follow-up studies consisting of clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pulmonary function tests are needed for the exact estimation of the burden of lung fibrosis, to understand the nature of residual pulmonary changes, and to predict the likelihood of development of lung fibrosis in COVID-19 survivors.
Bilateral idiopathic temporal bone meningoencephaloceles - An unusual presentation
Authors: Muranjan SN , Singhal DD , Shah SH , Shah AK
Published: November 2021

Meningoencephaloceles (MECs) occur due to herniation of brain tissue through a bony defect in the skull base. They can be spontaneous or acquired. These are secondary to trauma, infection or neoplasia. Adult-onset spontaneous or idiopathic MECs are rare. Temporal bone MECs can present with watery discharge from the ear, conductive hearing loss or symptoms of meningitis like headache, fever, vomiting or seizures. These symptoms mimic chronic suppurative or serous otitis media. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging differentiate between them. Awareness of this disease entity is necessary for early detection to avoid complications. We report a case of bilateral idiopathic temporal bone MECs with a rare presentation of autophony as the chief complaint. The differentiating features on computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging and the surgical management are discussed.
Corneal transplant epidemiology in a reference center in Bogotá, Colombia (2010-2017)
Authors: Mora Matilde , Cortés María Cristina , Plata María Camila , Acosta Daniel Suárez
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

To describe the characteristics of the donor and recipient, indications, surgical techniques, and survival results obtained from patients with corneal transplants performed at Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional (FUNDONAL) between 2010 and 2017.

Methods:

Descriptive, observational study. Medical records of patients who underwent corneal transplantation were reviewed. Demographic data, surgery indication, transplantation technique, graft transparency, and presence of rejection are evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software version 21.0.

Results:

Seven hundred and twelve eyes from 690 patients who underwent corneal transplantation were analyzed. The median age of the recipient was 42 years (interquartile range 21.8 years) and 392 participants (56.8%) were men. Corneal ectasias was the first indication for transplantation. The technique performed most often was penetrating keratoplasty (PK) (89.6%), followed by deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (5.3%), endothelial keratoplasty (3.5%), and sclerokeratoplasty (1.5%). 22.25% of the cases presented at least one rejection episode. Transparency of the graft is >80% up to 36 months from follow-up.

Conclusions:

In 712 eyes that underwent corneal transplantation between 2010 and 2017, the most frequent indications were corneal ectasias, pseudophakic/aphakic bullous keratopathy, and previous graft failure. Although the most common technique is PK, there is a tendency to perform more lamellar transplants over the years. Survival up to the last control was 78% with graft rejection at 22.23%, which are comparable with results reported in the scientific literature. This study constitutes the first corneal transplant registry in Colombia, with survival results and description of variables that will allow for the identification of risk factors for undesirable outcomes.
Кополнота категории $\mathbf{Tych}^G$
Authors: Martyanov Evgeny Vyacheslavovich
Published: November 2021

Доказывается кополнота категории $\mathbf{Tych}^G$.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Асимптотика сумм косинус-рядов с коэффициентами дробной монотонности
Authors: Dyachenko Mikhail Ivanovich
Published: November 2021

В статье изучается вопрос, при каких порядках монотонности справедливы
оценки сверху и снизу суммы косинус-ряда вблизи нуля с помощью функции
$\sum_{n=0}^{[\pi/x]}(n+1)\Delta(\mathbf a)_n$.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Effect of modified care bundle for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically-ill neurosurgical patients
Authors: Triamvisit Suphannee , Wongprasert Wassana , Puttima Chalermwoot , Chiangmai Matchima Na , Thienjindakul Nawaphan , Rodkul Laksika , Jetjumnong Chumpon
Published: November 2021

Background: Care bundles for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) have been shown to minimize the rate of VAP in critically ill patients. Standard care bundles may need to be modified in resource-constrained situations. The goal of this study was to see if our modified VAP-care bundles lowered the risk of VAP in neurosurgical patients.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in mechanically ventilated neurosurgical patients. The VAP bundle was adjusted in the cohort group by increasing the frequency of intermittent endotracheal tube cuff pressure monitoring to six times a day while reducing oral care with 0.12% chlorhexidine to three times a day. The rate of VAP was compared to the historical control group.Results: A total of 146 and 145 patients were enrolled in control and cohort groups, respectively. The mean age of patients was 52±16 years in both groups (P=0.803). The admission Glasgow coma scores were 7.79±2.67 and 7.80±2.77 in control and cohort group, respectively (P=0.969). VAP was found in nine patients in control group but only one patient in cohort group. The occurrence rate of VAP was significantly reduced in cohort group compared to control group (0.88/1,000 vs. 6.84/1,000 ventilator days, P=0.036).Conclusions: The modified VAP bundle is effective in lowering the VAP rate in critically ill neurosurgical patients. It requires low budget and manpower and can be employed in resource-constrained settings.
Contributo allo studio della suffissazione verbale nell'italiano contemporaneo: raffronto contrastivo
Authors: Vučetić Zorica
Published: November 2021

La formazione delle parole comprende tre parti fondamentali: la formazione delle parole mediante suffissi (la suffissazione), la composizione delle parole nonché la for­ mazione delle parole mediante prefissi (la prefissazione). I risultati di questi tre pro­ cedimenti formativi sono rispettivamente il derivato o il suffissato, il composto o la pa­ rola composta e il prefissato (che può essere derivato o composto). La suffissazione comprende le formazioni tratte dalle diverse basi (nominali, aggettivali e verbali); la tri­ partizione è fatta prendendo in considerazione il punto di partenza del procedimento di formazione della parola, vuol dire considerando la base della nuova formazione: si hanno i suffissati denominali, deaggettivali e deverbali. Se si prende in considerazione il punto di arrivo del procedimento formativo si hanno ancora tre tipi di nuove forma­ zioni; per quanto riguarda la categoria di arrivo si hanno i suffissati nominali, aggettivali e verbali.
Peter Pan ve Çocuk Hırsızı Eserlerinde Anne Kompleksi
Authors: ÖZEN Özlem , GÜLSEVER Deren
Published: November 2021

J. M. Barrie’nin Peter Pan (1904) eseri, Peter Pan adlı uçan bir çocuğun Wendy ve kardeşlerini ikna ederek onları Varolmayan Ülke’ye götürmesini anlatır. Peter annesi tarafından terk edilen bir çocuktur. Kimsesiz çocukları Varolmayan Ülke’ye toplayıp Kayıp Çocuklar adındaki grubuyla, düşmanı olan Kaptan Hook ve diğer çocuklarla savaşır. Bu hikâyede Peter’in küçük bir çocuk ve sevimli oluşunun yanı sıra karanlık bir yanı olduğu görülür. Küçük bir kız olan Wendy’i kendisi ve Kayıp Çocuklar’ına anne yapma isteği, Wendy’nin de bir anne gibi davranması çocuklardaki bazı psikolojik dengesizlik belirtileridir. Çocuk psikolojisi bağlamında anne ve çocuğun ilişkisi birçok yazar ve psikanalist tarafından ele alınmıştır. Jung’un ilk kez 1938’de Die Psychologischen Aspekte des Mutterarchetypus adıyla yayımlanan eserinde, çocuk nevrozlarının nedeninin büyük oranda anneden kaynaklandığı görüşü dikkat çekicidir. Çocuğun hayatında bir anne figürünün olmaması veya annenin “kutsal anne” arketipine uymaması, çocukta davranışsal bozukluklara yol açabilmektedir. Gerald Brom’un Peter Pan hikâyesinden ilham alarak yazdığı romanı Çocuk Hırsızı bir yeniden yazımdır. Brom, Barrie’nin Peter Pan’ı yerine “kendi dünyasını” ve “peri masallarının ardındaki karanlık hikâyeleri” anlatmayı seçerek, gotik bir atmosfer yaratır. Peter Pan hikâyesinde görülen anne kompleksini kendi üslubuyla yorumlayıp karakterlerine yansıtmıştır. Bu çalışmada Jung’un arketip eleştiri kuramı esas alınmış olup Peter Pan ve Çocuk Hırsızı kitaplarındaki “anne kompleksi” incelenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır.
On non-adaptive majority problems of large query size
Authors: Gerbner Dániel , Vizer Máté
Published: November 2021

We are given $n$ balls and an unknown coloring of them with two colors. Our
goal is to find a ball that belongs to the larger color class, or show that the
color classes have the same size. We can ask sets of $k$ balls as queries, and
the problem has different variants, according to what the answers to the
queries can be. These questions has attracted several researchers, but the
focus of most research was the adaptive version, where queries are decided
sequentially, after learning the answer to the previous query. Here we study
the non-adaptive version, where all the queries have to be asked at the same
time.
Pi Power System Controller: Eigenstructure – Based Design and Sensitivities
Authors: El kashlan A. , El kashlan Shady
Published: November 2021

Significant advances in power system control design techniques that can take into consideration plants linearized around a number of operating conditions. Most of these techniques are based on eigenspectrum analysis which has numerous advantages. A wealth of applications of eigenstructure assignment are available in the literature and showed that new applications have been found and parametric solution of eigenspectrum assignment can be used successfully to design feedback controllers. The use of supplementary controller added to the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is a practical effective way to supply additional positive damping to system oscillations via power system stabilizers. The present paper utilizes eigenspectrum analysis in the practical design of proportional integral (PI) type power system stabilizers, in order to achieve good steady state as well as transient response characteristics. Eigenspectrum analysis is attractive since it takes into account freedom in determining feedback gains and provides the frequencies and the damping at each frequency for the entire system in a single calculation. Moreover sensitivity of eigenvalues and eigenvectors with respect to parameter variations are assessed so as to provide information to improve setting parameters for power system damping and stability, without ignoring the operating conditions. The results of eigenvalue/eigenvector sensitivity are tangible for analysis with a wide range of parameter variations and is presented through the right and left eigenvectors of the system matrix and also through Taylor series analysis.
DESEMPREGO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE EMPÍRICA DE PREVISÃO BASEADA NA METODOLOGIA BOX-JENKINS
Authors: BEIRÃO ÉDER DE SOUZA , GONÇALVES MARIA ELIZETE , NETO DARCY RAMOS DA SILVA
Published: November 2021

Um dos problemas sociais que mais aflige os países subdesenvolvidos é o desemprego. O caso do Brasil não é diferente, visto que este problema se agravou e muito em decorrência da crise econômica que atingiu o país. Neste sentido, o presente estudo objetiva prever a da taxa de desemprego do Brasil através de análise empírica baseada na metodologia Box-Jenkins. O mesmo possui abordagem quantitativa e descritiva, embasado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, tendo como fonte de dados a plataforma Bases de Datos y Publicaciones Estadísticas da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPALSTAT). Os resultados demonstraram que a série da taxa de desemprego trimestral do Brasil, entre 1995 e 2016 é não estacionária, ou seja, a mesma não se desenvolve no tempo aleatoriamente ao redor da média, refletindo um tipo de equilíbrio. Porém, em nível, a série apresenta tendência estocástica. A tendência das taxas de desemprego indicam queda da referida taxa, porém através da previsão realizada por meio do método utilizado o que pôde ser observado foi a elevação da mesma, uma vez que nos períodos posteriores ao primeiro trimestre de 2016 a taxa de desemprego se elevou.
Osteoporose secundária a drogas
Authors: Pinto Aimée Santos , Radominski Sebastião , Zerbini Cristiano A. F.
Published: November 2021

A massa óssea pode ser negativamente afetada por diversas doenças e frequentemente por drogas utilizadas em seus tratamentos. A perda de massa óssea e a deterioração da arquitetura do esqueleto associadas a essas condições denomina-se osteoporose secundária. Com o objetivo de prevenir fraturas por osteoporose torna-se importante identificar fatores de risco associados secundariamente à fragilidade óssea, como a presença de artrite reumatoide e o uso de glicocorticoides. Embora a utilização terapêutica dos glicocorticoides seja reconhecidamente associada ao aumento no risco de fraturas, outros medicamentos podem também estar envolvidos e devem ser investigados durante a anamnese dos pacientes sob risco de osteoporose (Tabela 1). Neste breve estudo analisaremos os medicamentos para os quais existe alguma evidência de efeito deletério para a massa óssea.
Impact of Public Infrastructure Investment on Private Infrastructure Investment
Authors: Shah Faisal Nadeem , Fatima Zainab , Bashir Bilal
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to find the relationship among government and private capital formation in Pakistan during the period 1981 to 2018. This study employs Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) bound test. The results show that government infrastructure investment negatively effects on private infrastructure capital formation in long run and short run, indicating that government infrastructure investment crowds out private infrastructure investment. In determining the role of the government in investment and liberalization policies, the results of this paper have important policy implications.
Juveniles and undersized fish in small-scale fisheries: gillnets are not less implied than trawling
Authors: De Tarso da Cunha Chaves Paulo
Published: November 2021

Of particular concern in commercial fishing catch is 'size bycatch', i.e., the death of early stages of resources that would reach a marketable value when they turn into adults. This event is frequently associated with trawling because of the lower size selectivity of this gear as compared to gillnets. However, this is expected when small-scale fisheries (SSF) employ gillnets simultaneously in setnets + driftnets that mix multiple mesh sizes. This work analyzes fishing captures and compares characteristics of fish catch from gillnets and trawlers with respect to size at first maturation, legal size of capture, and expected discards. Data were obtained from 2007-2021 for SSF in Southern Brazil. A total of 112 fish species were represented in the data. Gillnets exploited fewer species than trawlers; however, most of these constitute fishing resources in the study region. Of the 19 species whose maturation size is known, nine occurred in gillnets as juveniles, and of the 14 species for which the legal size of capture is established, seven occurred in gillnets in prohibited sizes. Gillnets and trawlers presented size bycatch and affected different species between them, with four resources that were present in bycatch from both gillnets and trawlers. The broad range of mesh sizes employed by SSF warns of the discarding of undersized captures, and stresses the importance of policies addressing gillnet management.
Exploring unbalanced urban spatial expansion in sprawling cities. Case study of Kimara Matangini, Kibululu and Dovya settlements in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania
Authors:   School of Spatial Planning and Social Sciences, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Lupala John Modestus
Published: November 2021

Unbalanced urban expansion characterize urban growth in rapidly urbanizing cities in the global south. This pattern of growth has resulted into difficulties in provision of services which leads to challenges of livability within settlements. Services such as education, health, water supply and road network are not easily accessible because of unbalanced growth. Balanced urban growth is concerned with three key themes: place, people and planning. The aim of this study is to help policy makers, local governments, developers and service providers to analyze and visualize different options and scenarios to achieve balanced urban expansion. The overall goal of balanced urban spatial expansion is to achieve livable, sustainable, resilient and affordable cities. This paper adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches for data collection and subsequent analysis and captured empirical evidence from primary and secondary data sources. The key methods included; literature review, interviews and observations. The research was conducted in three settlements with a sub-ward status namely; Kimara Matangini, Kibululu and Dovya. Finding indicates that the drivers of urban spatial growth are related to economic and social factors, people’s choice and satisfaction of residential areas, modalities in land acquisition, provision or non-provision of services, mobility and proximity to services and at times, planning intervention. Yet the emerging development pattern pose some challenges to residents settling in these areas because of unavailability of longer distances to basic services. This pattern of growth has culminated into unbalanced urban growth. This study recommends that the government in collaboration with key stakeholders should strengthen development control even in unplanned settlements so as to monitor development and potential service requirements, acquire parcels of land for future service provision, strengthen regularization activities to provide for land reserves for infrastructure and conduct a city wide analysis on the unbalance pattern especially in rapidly urbanizing peri-urban areas.
Oil and Gas Projects in Sultanate of Oman: Construction Schedule and Cost Overrun
Authors: Al Sadi Hani , Dawood Mahmoud
Published: November 2021

Oil and Gas (O&G) industry is the primary source of the gross national income in gulf area. This industry is facing construction related issues that lead to cost overrun and delay in construction schedule of the construction related tasks. During COVID 19 pandemic, Sultanate of Oman O&G construction projects are facing many problems due to many factors. As a result and use these factors, about 70% of the major projects suffer from schedule slip and increasing costs. This has direct impact on the government budget with about 15% of GDP.  This research is discussing the main factors and its root causes that have direct impact on construction cost and schedule for O&G projects. This is has been done based on the literature and the conducted survey.
Causes of Costs Overrun in Road Construction Project in Oman
Authors: Al Adawi Osama Salim , Yahia Hussin
Published: November 2021

Cost overrun is a common phenomenon in construction projects of any country, be it in developing or developed countries. This issue is a critical issue that impacts a project's success. It, therefore, needs serious attention from all the participants in the construction project to keep the projects in safe mode, to be completed within its limited cost, time, and performance. Cost overrun has a negative impact on construction project performance, which is because the construction industry is vast and complex. Any difficulty occurring during the project's life cycle leads to other problems in various parts of the project. Studies by many researchers’ cost overruns by literature review, and according to their studies suggested the most cost overrun causes. The aim of this study is to identify the most critical factors leading to cost overruns on road projects in Oman, and then provide suggestions to resolve them.
Assessment of the Smart Construction Plan for Oman Vision 2040
Authors: Al Farsi Al Mukhtar , Khaleel Omar
Published: November 2021

Smart construction faster and cost less,easer,perfect controlled and should be friendly to the environment.This research focus on the evaluating future of smart construction to approach Oman vision 2040.The smart construction is to improve the building construction sector by apply lean construction management system and analysis the key factors effecting the building construction cost performance in Oman.The main objective is evaluating future of smart construction to approach Oman 2040 vision by applying the lean construction management system for building construction industry,analysis the key factors of cost performance effecting the building construction in Oman, finding the suitable construction strategy for building construction in Oman and recommendation to government and privet sector to reduce the capital cost of the project.Several topics will explain such as the data collection methods, primary and secondary,the sample selection,pilot study method of analysis and limitations. Pilot study for questioner and the interviews online because of COVID 19.The factors effecting cost performance in building construction in Oman is part of the general results. At last, the research project explain the evaluating future of smart construction to approach Oman vision 2040. Smart construction is the building design, construction and process by collaborative partnerships makes a lot of technology in way of working to improve the productivity, reducing time-cost and use sustainably to improve user benefits.The research used a combination of primary data such as quantitative questionnaire survey and qualitative interviews.In addition to that secondary data used such as journals and case studies.Each type of data having a method for analysis.