bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarker and clinical data–based predictor tool (MAUXI) for ultrafiltration failure and cardiovascular outcome in peritoneal dialysis patients: a retrospective and longitudinal study
Authors: Arriero-País Eva María , Bajo-Rubio María Auxiliadora , Arrojo-García Roberto , Sandoval Pilar , González-Mateo Guadalupe Tirma , Albar-Vizcaíno Patricia , del Peso-Gilsanz Gloria , Ossorio-González Marta , Majano Pedro , López-Cabrera Manuel
Published: February 2025

Objectives

To develop a machine learning-based software as a medical device to predict the endurance and outcomes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients in real time using effluent-measured biomarkers of the mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT).

Methods

Retrospective, longitudinal, triple blind study in two independent hospitals (Spain), designed under information-theoretical approaches for feature selection and machine learning-based modelling techniques. A total of 151 (train set) and 32 (validation) PD patients in 1979–2022 were included. PD outcomes were analysed in four categories (endurance, exit from PD, cause of PD end, technical failure) by using MMT biomarkers in effluents and clinical databases.

Results

MMT biomarkers and clinical data can predict PD with a mean absolute error of 16.99 months by using an Extra Tree (ET) regressor. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) discerns among transfer to haemodialysis or death, predicts whether the cause of PD end is ultrafiltration failure (UFF) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) and anticipates the type of CVD (receiver operating characteristic curve under the area>0.71).

Discussion

Our combination of longitudinal PD datasets, attribute shrinkage and gold-standard algorithms with overfitting testing and class imbalance ensures robust predictions in PD. Biomarkers displayed proper mutual information and SHapley values, indicating that MMT processes may have a causal relationship in the development of UFF and CVD.

Conclusions

MMT biomarkers and clinical data may be associated in a causal manner with ultrafiltration failure (local effect) and cardiovascular events (systemic effect) in PD. The machine learning-based software MAUXI provides applicability of ET-LDA models with ≤38 variables to predict PD endurance and type of PD technique failure related to peritoneal membrane deterioration.
Lack of neuropsychological effects following short-term subcallosal cingulate gyrus deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: a randomised crossover study
Authors: Gholamali Nezhad Fatemeh , Tassone Vanessa K , Khoo Yuelee , Wu Michelle , Lin Qiaowei , Demchenko Ilya , Janssen-Aguilar Reinhard , Ceniti Amanda K , Rizvi Sakina J , Lou Wendy , Giacobbe Peter , Kennedy Sidney H , Lozano Andres M , McAndrews Mary Pat , Bhat Venkat
Published: February 2025

Background

The subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG) is integral to cognitive function and mood regulation. Open-label SCG deep brain stimulation (DBS) studies demonstrate improvement or stabilisation of cognitive function in treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Objective

This randomised controlled study aims to evaluate the neuropsychological effects of SCG-DBS.

Methods

35 participants with TRD received active or sham stimulation over two 3-month periods. A neuropsychological battery was administered to assess processing speed, learning and memory, and cognitive flexibility. Composite measures were derived for each domain after Period I. A mixed model for repeated measures analysis was performed for each test, with further analysis of significant measures to determine sustainability after Period II.

Findings

No significant differences in changes in depression scores were observed between groups. There were no significant deteriorations in cognitive performance following active SCG-DBS. Category Fluency Test performance improved after 3 months of active SCG-DBS (p=0.002); however, this was non-significant after correcting for multiple comparisons and was not observed after Period II (p=0.615).

Conclusion and implications

While no cognitive deterioration was observed following SCG-DBS, significant improvements in cognitive function were not evident. There may be a transient enhancement in processing speed; however, this effect is not fully understood. Future studies should include larger cohorts and extended stimulation periods to explore the long-term effects of SCG-DBS in TRD and the sustainability of improvements in cognitive domains.
Allopurinol use and risk of acute coronary syndrome in gout patients: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Drivelegka Panagiota , Jacobsson Lennart , Sandström Tatiana Zverkova , Lindström Ulf , Bengtsson Karin , Dehlin Mats
Published: February 2025

Objectives

To investigate the impact of allopurinol use on the risk of first-ever acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event in patients with gout.

Methods

Using national and regional register data, we included all patients with a gout diagnosis at primary or specialised care in Western Sweden in the period 2007–2017 (n=18 862; 67% male patients). Patients with a prior history of coronary heart disease (CHD) were excluded. Follow-up started at the first gout diagnosis and ended at the first-ever ACS event, death or study end. The main outcome was the risk of first-ever ACS in: (1) allopurinol users versus non-users, by defining three categories of allopurinol exposure: exposed to 100 mg, >100 mg and no exposure (reference) and (2) allopurinol initiators (within 125 days) versus long-term users (reference). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to calculate ORs and 95% CIs.

Results

In analysis 1 (n=18 862), 15.3% (n=2892) were exposed to 100 mg, 9.1% (n=1717) to >100 mg and 75.6% (n=14 253) were not exposed. Allopurinol users were older and had more comorbidities compared with non-users. Allopurinol exposure (100 mg and >100 mg) was associated with significantly lower odds of first-ever ACS (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63 to 0.94, and OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.47 to 0.81, respectively). In Analysis 2, allopurinol initiators (n=489) had significantly higher odds of first-ever ACS compared with long-term users (n=2916) (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.75).

Conclusions

In patients with gout and without CHD, long-term allopurinol use protects against first-ever ACS compared with non-users. In contrast, allopurinol initiators, possibly having more systemic inflammation, had a higher risk of first-ever ACS compared with long-term users.
Exploring the impact of COVID-19 hard lockdown on service provision for survivors of violence against women in South Africa: a qualitative study
Authors: Colombini Manuela , Shai Nwabisa Jama , Mahlangu Pinky
Published: February 2025

Objective

To explore the impact of South Africa’s COVID-19 hard lockdown on the provision of services to survivors of violence against women (VAW).

Design

We conducted a qualitative study using semistructured interviews. Data was analysed thematically. We conducted 18 semistructured interviews (10 face-to-face and 8 online or by phone) with service providers and key informants (KIs).

Setting

The study was conducted across healthcare facilities, social services, national helplines and shelters in Gauteng province, South Africa. Data was collected between September 2022 and October 2023.

Participants

The sample included 18 participants, purposively selected, comprising 13 frontline service providers (nurses, social workers and managers) and 5 KIs. Participants shared their experiences of delivering VAW services during the lockdown.

Results

The findings highlight five key themes affecting VAW service provision during COVID-19. (1) Confusion and uncertainty: initial uncertainty about whether VAW services were essential led to temporary closures and reduced availability. (2) Decreased demand for services: fear of mobility restrictions and reporting barriers reduced access, particularly in the first lockdown month. (3) Adaptations by providers: services shifted to remote counselling, while shelters paused new intakes. (4) Challenges in service provision: staff shortages, resource constraints (eg, personal protective equipment shortages) and disrupted referral systems hindered service delivery. (5) Emotional impact on frontline workers: health and helpline workers faced stress, fear of infection, social stigma and burnout, affecting their well-being and capacity to respond effectively.

Conclusions

The study highlights how South Africa’s COVID-19 hard lockdown disrupted essential VAW services, emphasising the need for resilient service delivery models during crises. Strengthening staffing, resources and improving referral pathways are critical for mitigating the emotional and operational challenges faced by service providers and for ensuring sustained support for survivors.
Occupational-class trends in diagnosis-specific sickness absence in Finland: a register-based observational study in 2011–2021
Authors: Blomgren Jenni , Perhoniemi Riku
Published: February 2025

Objectives

To examine the prevalence and days of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) by occupational class and by most important diagnostic groups in Finland during 2011–2021.

Design

Population-based cross-sectional study.

Setting and participants

National comprehensive register data were linked for all employed persons and entrepreneurs in Finland aged 25–64 for years 2011–2021 (yearly number of individuals in the study population around 2 million persons).

Main outcome measures

LTSA was measured by sickness allowance that covers over 10-day long absences. Yearly age-standardised LTSA prevalences and average number of LTSA days were calculated for women and men in four occupational classes, separately for all-cause LTSA and LTSA due to mental disorders, musculoskeletal diseases and injuries. Modified Poisson regression and negative binomial regression models were run to assess relative differences between occupational classes, adjusted for age, marital status, education and region of residence.

Results

All-cause LTSA slightly decreased between years 2011 and 2021, but the trends varied by occupational class and diagnostic group. LTSA due to mental disorders increased in all occupational classes after 2016 among both sexes, while LTSA due to musculoskeletal diseases and injuries continued to decrease in all occupational classes. The increase in LTSA due to mental disorders was largest among lower non-manual employees, especially among women, whereby all-cause LTSA prevalence among female lower non-manual employees reached the level of female manual workers. Men showed broadly similar trends, but manual workers still had the highest all-cause LTSA prevalence at the end of the study period. The main results were similar adjusted for covariates.

Conclusions

The magnitude and order of the occupational-class differences in LTSA changed between 2011 and 2021, along with increasing LTSA due to mental disorders, especially among employees, and decreasing LTSA due to somatic diagnoses, especially among manual workers. Occupational-class differences should be taken into account when aiming to prevent LTSA and especially further increases in LTSA due to mental disorders.
Community coalitions’ navigation of policies to address the opioid epidemic: insights from qualitative interviews in four states
Authors: Olvera Ramona G , Cogan Allyson G , Bartkus Mary , Benjamin Shoshana N , Davis Jill , Frazier Lisa A , Henry Brandy F , Hunt Timothy , Kinnard Elizabeth N , Mattingly Hallie , McAlearney Ann Scheck , Rivera Dean , Drainoni Mari-Lynn , Walker Daniel M
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The opioid epidemic in the USA presents a multifaceted challenge regulated by a patchwork of federal, state and local policies. In some communities, cross-sector coalitions navigate this complex policy environment to address the epidemic. However, limited research has explored these public health-oriented community coalitions and their interactions with the policy landscape. This study explores how cross-sector public health-oriented community coalition members perceive and navigate the multidimensional policy landscapes to address the opioid epidemic.

Methods

Using data from 304 semistructured HEALing Communities Study coalition member interviews conducted April–June 2021 in 67 communities in Kentucky, New York, Massachusetts and Ohio, we inductively analysed participants’ discussions of opioid-related policies to characterise themes and subthemes.

Results

We describe two themes where coalitions and policy intersect: policy landscape barriers and navigation and mitigation strategies to address policy barriers. Participants revealed community misunderstandings and lack of knowledge of opioid-related policies. Furthermore, participants shared how these policies often hindered coalitions’ initiatives to address substance use. Nevertheless, community coalitions functioned despite these policy challenges through knowledge sharing, innovation and policy advocacy.

Conclusions

Cross-sector public health-oriented community coalitions serve a vital role in navigating the complexities of the multidimensional policy landscape regulating substance use services. Insights from these findings may encourage policy-makers to support community coalitions in pursuing solutions to the opioid crisis and other public health crises.

Trial registration number

NCT04111939.
Descriptive study on injuries and illness in Dutch female adolescent and young adult handball players
Authors: Ekelschot Riff , Van den Bekerom Michel , Van Maanen-Coppens Linda , Verhagen Evert
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study describes the magnitude and burden of injuries and illnesses in elite Dutch female adolescent and young adult handball players.

Design

A retrospective open cohort study.

Methods

10 consecutive seasons were studied using a database including all injuries and illnesses needing medical attention. In total, 102 handball players, who participated in a full-time programme of the Dutch Handball Academy between August 2009 and July 2019, were included. Injuries were classified according to the consensus statement of the International Olympic Committee. Exposure hours were categorised into training and competition exposure. Training exposure included all handball and strength and conditioning sessions. Burden was defined as the injury duration in days divided by the total exposure hours.

Results

In total, 916 injuries in 101 players and 95 illnesses in 59 players were reported. The average seasonal prevalence was 83.2% for acute injuries and 78.7% for repetitive injuries. The overall incidence rate was 4.24/1000 exposure hours with an incidence of 23.06/1000 competition hours and 2.19/1000 practice hours. The highest average seasonal prevalence and burden were observed for repetitive injuries of the lumbosacral spine, knee and lower leg and acute injuries of the ankle and knee.

Conclusion

High injury prevalence proportions and competition incidence rates were observed. Repetitive injuries of the lumbosacral spine, knee and lower leg, as well as acute injuries of the knee and ankle, formed the largest problem. Future prevention programmes in elite Dutch adolescent and young adult female handball players should therefore focus on these injuries.
Validation of a semi-quantitative method to assess interstitial lung disease severity and progression in systemic sclerosis by standard and low-dose HRCT scans
Authors: Tschalèr Lucas , Jordan Suzana , Aaløkken Trond Mogens , Becker Mike , Brunborg Cathrine , Bruni Cosimo , Clarenbach Christian , Dobrota Rucsandra , Durheim Michael Thomas , Elhai Muriel , Frauenfelder Thomas , Fretheim Håvard , Garen Torhild , Midtvedt Oyvind , Mihai Carina , Molberg Øyvind , Distler Oliver , Hoffmann-Vold Anna-Maria
Published: February 2025

Background

While the presence of distinct imaging abnormalities by high-resolution CT (HRCT) defines interstitial lung disease (ILD), there is a relative lack of validated methods to quantify these abnormalities in clinical practice, limiting ILD severity and progression assessments. We aimed to validate a semi-quantitative method for lung fibrosis assessment in patients with systemic sclerosis associated ILD (SSc-ILD) by standard and low-dose HRCT, considering lung structure and function as integral components of ILD evaluation.

Methods

SSc patients from Oslo and Zurich with HRCT images, pulmonary function tests, including forced vital capacity (FVC), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and the 6-minute walk test with oxygen (O2) desaturation were enrolled. We validated the semi-quantitative fibrosis extent method by HRCT using criteria for content and construct validity, discrimination, sensitivity to change and feasibility, as well as inter- and intra-rater variability.

Results

65 SSc patients from Zurich and 90 from Oslo were included. Significant correlations were observed between the extent of fibrosis on HRCT and FVC (r=−0.517, p<0.001), DLCO (r=−0.400, p<0.001) and O2desaturation (r=−0.500, p<0.001), indicating content, construct and criterion validity. Discrimination and sensitivity to change assessments showed moderate correlation with DLCO (r=−0.377, p=0.003) but not with FVC or O2desaturation. Inter- and intra-rater variability demonstrated excellent reliability (κ=0.891 and κ=0.996, respectively), with HRCT quantification averaging 9–15 min, indicating high feasibility.

Conclusion

This study confirms that semi-quantitative fibrosis assessment of HRCT for SSc-ILD meets most validation criteria, supporting its use in clinical practice and showing additive value of structural to functional ILD assessment.
Getting prepared for the silver wave: challenges in conducting rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease research in older adults
Authors: Truijen Saskia , Austen Shennah , Magdelijns Fabienne , Boonen Annelies , van Onna Marloes
Published: February 2025

Research in older adults diagnosed with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) comes with unique challenges, as these patients often face consequences of ageing, such as multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and geriatric syndromes (eg, frailty). In this viewpoint, we highlight various clinical, ethical, regulatory and logistical challenges, including, among others, issues with the decision-making capacity of older adults regarding study participation. We emphasise the need for feasible strategies and protocols to enhance research inclusivity in order to ultimately improve evidence-based care for the growing population of older adults with RMDs.
Intriguing features of the prompt fission $$\gamma $$-ray spectra in the fast neutron induced fission of $$^{232}$$Th
Authors: De Sukanya , Thomas R. G. , Mishra G. , Mohanto G. , Kumar Ajay
Published: February 2025

Prompt fission

$$\gamma $$

γ

-ray spectra (PFGS) extending to very low photon energies have been measured in the

$$^{232}$$

232

Th(n,f) reaction over a range of incident neutron energies below the second chance fission threshold, for which no data are available. Fission events were detected with an ionization chamber containing

$$^{232}$$

232

Th foils, and the coincident prompt fission

$$\gamma $$

γ

-rays were detected using two CeBr

$$_{3}$$

3

scintillation detectors. The measured spectra were unfolded using the corresponding response matrices of the detectors, simulated using Geant4, to obtain the PFGS in the

$$\gamma $$

γ

-ray energy region of 0.1–1.2 MeV. Surprisingly, significant reduction in photon intensity is observed for the

$$^{232}$$

232

Th(n,f) reaction below the photon energy of 0.4 MeV when compared with the available data of

$$^{238}$$

238

U(n,f) and

$$^{239}$$

239

Pu(n,f) reactions at similar excitation energies. Moreover, the average

$$\gamma $$

γ

-ray multiplicity,

$$\bar{M_\gamma }$$

M
γ

¯

, is found to be

$$\sim 40\%$$

∼
40
%

lower and the average photon energy,

$$\epsilon _{\gamma }$$

ϵ
γ

, is found to be

$$\sim 50\%$$

∼
50
%

higher for

$$^{232}$$

232

Th(n,f) reaction as compared to

$$^{238}$$

238

U(n,f) and

$$^{239}$$

239

Pu(n,f) reactions in the

$$\gamma $$

γ

-ray energy region of

$$0.1-1.2$$

0.1
-
1.2

MeV. It is found that the GEF model fails to predict the observed features of the PFGS in the

$$^{232}$$

232

Th(n,f) reaction. The present experimental results may provide important insight in improving the current models addressing fast neutron induced fission of actinides.
Comprehensive Evaluation Method for the Quality of University Employment and Entrepreneurship Education Based on Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Shen Yifei , Huang Jingying , Xiao Zhonghua , Fu Xianbing , Dai Rui
Published: February 2025

In reaction to the essential demand for complete evaluation methodologies in evaluating the high-quality of higher training specializing in employment and entrepreneurship (Em&En) prospects for university students, this studies affords a novel integration of decision tree and neural community fashions, bolstered with the aid of genetic set of rules parameter tuning. The convergence of those techniques addresses the constraints of standalone techniques and harnesses their respective strengths. With a backdrop of escalating opposition within the job market and the need for universities to conform to their curricula to satisfy evolving enterprise needs, we take a look at endeavors to provide an advanced framework for comparing the efficacy of tutorial packages in fostering students’ career readiness and entrepreneurial acumen. Leveraging the robustness of decision timber in dealing with based records along the complicated sample popularity abilities of neural networks, our hybrid model captures elaborate relationships in the academic landscape. Furthermore, the software of genetic algorithms facilitates the satisfactory tuning of model parameters, optimizing predictive accuracy and generalization performance. Empirical reviews on pertinent datasets exhibit the efficacy of our proposed method, exhibiting advanced predictive overall performance and discerning insights into factors influencing educational best vis-à-vis Em&En consequences. These pioneering studies do not solely contribute to the advancement of evaluative methodologies in instructional contexts, however, additionally hold vast implications for educators in enhancing the efficacy of better schooling structures worldwide.
Analysis of Marketing Strategy Model Based on Network Control and Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Chen Jie
Published: February 2025

In the era of big data, marketing strategies are undergoing profound changes, facing both challenges and nurturing new opportunities. Network control and optimization algorithms, as advanced data analysis methods, have shown great potential in promoting marketing strategy innovation. Among them, collaborative filtering algorithms are particularly prominent and widely used in various fields such as e-commerce, social media and content recommendation. This paper focuses on exploring how collaborative filtering algorithms can help optimize marketing strategy models, with the aim of improving the accuracy and execution efficiency of marketing activities. The core principle of collaborative filtering algorithm covers two branches, user collaborative filtering and project collaborative filtering, which achieve personalized recommendations by mining user behavior data. The study explores the possibility of combining data mining techniques such as clustering analysis and association rule mining with collaborative filtering algorithms, aiming to further enrich the algorithm’s functionality and optimize its application effectiveness in marketing practice. Further demonstrated the application case of collaborative filtering algorithm in practical marketing strategy optimization and discussed in depth the challenges that may be encountered during the implementation process and Corresponding solutions. The research results show that collaborative filtering algorithms can significantly improve the personalization level of marketing, enhance customer satisfaction and promote the dual improvement of marketing effectiveness and enterprise competitiveness.
A Study of Phonetic Interaction Quality in English Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Sun Chao
Published: February 2025

To address the challenges of untimely correction of pronunciation errors and speech noise present in traditional methods for assessing English pronunciation interaction quality, we propose a novel deep learning-based approach. This method utilizes a deep learning-based natural language description model to design a lightweight algorithm for generating natural language descriptions. Building on this foundation, we design an English pronunciation interactive acquisition flow and preprocess the interactive process. An interference factor filter is introduced to reduce speech noise during English pronunciation. Additionally, an error detection model, grounded in Stochastic Forest Theory, is developed to identify errors in English pronunciation interactions. The English pronunciation corpus is collected and used for training, with relevant features extracted to evaluate the quality of the pronunciation interaction. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using a voice-sensing unit and an English speech interaction processor. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed noise filtering method is effective, offering superior accuracy and quality in cross-checking English pronunciation compared to existing techniques.
An Algorithm for Travel Route Recommendation Integrating Fuzzy Clustering and Attribute-Based Features
Authors: Cui Aiping , Cui Jingyuan , Liu Zhiyao
Published: February 2025

Addressing the challenges of inadequate generalization ability and inability to effectively manage fuzzy data is indispensable to improve the precision of journey route recommendations within the field of travel advice structures. To address these problems, this paper introduces a revolutionary algorithm that amalgamates fuzzy clustering with attribute-based characteristic integration for the recommendation of tour routes. Leveraging the adeptness of the bushy C-capability clustering set of rules in managing vague and ambiguous information, this approach is meticulously mixed with function fusion strategies to significantly augment the personalization and accuracy of the recommendation gadget. The proposed methodology encompasses a systematic workflow beginning with facts preprocessing, followed by way of an evaluation of consumer choices through fuzzy clustering to perceive wonderful consumer businesses. Eventually, travel destinations are also clustered based on attributes such as geographical region and cultural characteristics. Necessary characteristic functions are extracted from each person behavior and travel vacation spot data, forming the idea for a fusion version that optimizes the advice manner. Implementing this set of rules results in a polished advice machine that no longer only addresses the restrictions of present fashions but also demonstrates a marked improvement in recommending travel routes that align carefully with personal choices. This advancement has great implications for boosting personal satisfaction and engagement in the context of travel planning.
A Wi-Fi-based Lightweight Personnel Identification System for IoT Applications
Authors: Cai Lili , Qian Haizhong
Published: February 2025

In recent years, Wi-Fi-based human activity recognition (HAR) has emerged as a research hotspot. However, the issue of security assurance in Wi-Fi-based HAR systems remains underexplored. A Wi-Fi-based personnel identification system can share hardware and data acquisition modules with Wi-Fi-based HAR systems, providing security assurance for these systems. To be effectively deployed on resource-constrained router devices and to ensure continuous security without significantly impacting the Wi-Fi HAR experience, a Wi-Fi personnel identification system must achieve low resource consumption, low inference latency, and high accuracy. In this paper, we investigate a Wi-Fi personnel identification system based on knowledge distillation. Our system ensures high accuracy in personnel identification while significantly reducing the identification time, thereby providing security assurance for Wi-Fi-based HAR. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed personnel identification system can identify individuals with a low latency of 132[Formula: see text]ms on performance-constrained router devices, achieving an average accuracy of 99.64%.
Higher-order non-classicalities in two-mode charge cat states of the Arik–Coon and Biedenharn–Macfarlane q-oscillators
Authors: Fakhri H. , Sayyah-Fard M.
Published: February 2025

The optical charge pair coherent states for a two-mode electromagnetic field corresponding to [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-deformed oscillator algebras that are both of the Arik–Coon or Biedenharn–Macfarlane type are constructed. Next, their associated even and odd cat states are formulated in terms of the charge, deformation parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and coherent field, in a linear combination form of two-mode number states of the deformed oscillators. The two-mode higher-order anti-bunching, squeezing, and entanglement traits of the even and odd charge cat states corresponding to the oscillators with the same deformation parameters are considered in terms of the charge and the coherent field as well as different values for deformation parameter itself. We compare the difference of these non-classical behaviors not only between the odd and even states of each two-mode oscillator but also between two-mode Arik–Coon and Biedenharn–Macfarlane oscillators. For example, we answer whether the entanglement of the two-mode cat states increases or decreases with the increase of the charge.
Maximal Lyapunov Exponent and Smaller Alignment Index Computation Characterization of an Electrodynamic Electromechanical System Powered by Sine, Square and Triangle Waves Electrical Signals
Authors: Amarot Yagbem A. A. , Tchakui M. V. , Simo H. , Woafo P.
Published: February 2025

The goal of this work is first to compare the bifurcation diagrams of an electrodynamic electromechanical system when it is subjected to sine, square and triangular periodic excitations. The example considered is the electromechanical pendulum. Then the task is to analyze the dynamical states of the same system using the computation of the Smaller Alignment Index (SALI) along with the Poincaré Surface of Section (PSS). The bifurcation diagrams present abrupt and period-doubling transitions to chaos. It is found that the triangle form of the excitation gives the larger range of the signal amplitude in which the system behaves chaotically. For the SALI and PSS analyses, they are plotted both for the conservative and nonconservative systems with the impact of the monostability and bistability taken into account. It was found that the conservative system with bistable potential is mainly characterized by chaotic dynamics while regular dynamics are predominant in the system with monostable potential. The evolution of the percentage of chaotic orbits based on SALI was represented to support this result. In the nonconservative case, it was noted that when switching from bistability to monostability, the system can undergo a change of dynamics or keep its chaotic dynamics as seen for triangle excitation. The SALI method was successfully used to determine the dynamics of the system driven by the different forms of excitations as predicted by other tools.
Accountability in Code Review: The Role of Intrinsic Drivers and the Impact of LLMs
Authors: Alami Adam , Jensen Victor Vadmand , Ernst Neil A.
Published: February 2025

Accountability is an innate part of social systems. It maintains stability and ensures positive pressure on individuals’ decision-making. As actors in a social system, software developers are accountable to their team and organization for their decisions. However, the drivers of accountability and how it changes behavior in software development are less understood. In this study, we look at how the social aspects of code review affect software engineers’ sense of accountability for code quality. Since software engineering (SE) is increasingly involving Large Language Models (LLM) assistance, we also evaluate the impact on accountability when introducing LLM-assisted code reviews. We carried out a two-phased sequential qualitative study (

\(\textbf{interviews}\rightarrow\textbf{focus groups}\)

). In Phase I (16 interviews), we sought to investigate the intrinsic drivers of software engineers influencing their sense of accountability for code quality, relying on self-reported claims. In Phase II, we tested these traits in a more natural setting by simulating traditional peer-led reviews with focus groups and then LLM-assisted review sessions. We found that there are four key intrinsic drivers of accountability for code quality:
personal standards
,
professional integrity
,
pride in code quality
, and
maintaining one’s reputation
. In a traditional peer-led review, we observed a transition from
individual
to
collective accountability
when code reviews are initiated. We also found that the introduction of LLM-assisted reviews disrupts this accountability process, challenging the reciprocity of accountability taking place in peer-led evaluations, i.e., one cannot be accountable to an LLM. Our findings imply that the introduction of AI into SE must preserve social integrity and collective accountability mechanisms.
Skeletal dysplasia-causing mutations in TRPV4 alter the chondrocyte transcriptomic response to mechanical loading
Authors: Harissa Zainab , Kim Yuseon , Dicks Amanda R. , Steward Nancy , Guilak Farshid
Published: February 2025

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a mechanosensitive ion channel highly expressed in chondrocytes that supports cartilage development and homeostasis. Mutations in the channel can cause skeletal dysplasias, including the gain-of-function mutations V620I and T89I that lead to brachyolmia and metatropic dysplasia, respectively. These mutations suppress hypertrophic differentiation, but the mechanisms by which they alter chondrocyte response to mechanical load remain to be elucidated. To determine the effect of these mutations on chondrocyte mechanotransduction, tissue-engineered cartilage was derived from differentiated CRISPR-edited human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) harboring the moderate V620I or severe T89I TRPV4 mutations. Wildtype and mutant tissue-engineered hiPSC-derived cartilage was subjected to compressive mechanical loading at physiological levels, and transcriptomic signatures were assessed by RNA-sequencing. Our results demonstrate that the V620I and T89I mutations diminish the mechanoresponsiveness of chondrocytes, as evidenced by reduced gene expression downstream of TRPV4 activation, including those involved in endochondral ossification. Changes in genes involved in extracellular matrix production and organization were found to contribute towards the phenotype in V620I chondrocytes, whereas dysregulated retinoic acid signaling was linked to T89I, and disrupted proliferation was common to both. Our findings suggest that dysfunctional mechanotransduction due to V620I and T89I mutations in TRPV4 contribute to the developmental phenotypes, supporting TRPV4 modulation as a potential pharmacologic target.
Oxidative stress and pediatric diabetic cardiovascular complications: emerging research and clinical applications
Authors: Saedi Saman , Tan Yi , Watson Sara E. , Sparks Joshua D. , Wintergerst Kupper A. , Cai Lu
Published: February 2025

The prevalence and incidence of diabetes in pediatrics have dramatically increased over the last three decades. Comparatively, pediatric diabetes has faster pancreatic β-cells decline and early progression to complications compared to adult diabetes. Therefore, diabetic complications are a major concern in children and adolescents with diabetes. Diabetes has detrimental effects on the macro- and micro-vascular systems, resulting in cardiovascular diseases, leading causes of morbidity and mortality in youth with diabetes. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in developing cardiovascular complications in the context of pediatric diabetes. In pediatric patients with diabetes, several factors can contribute to the development of excess reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, including nutritional deficiencies, puberty, environmental exposures, and metabolic disorders such as obesity and high blood pressure. The present study aims to raise awareness of diabetic cardiovascular complications in children and adolescents with diabetes and the role of oxidative stress and their molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications. In addition, some novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of diabetic cardiovascular complications in the pediatric populations are highlighted. In summary, children and adolescent with diabetes no matter T1D or T2D, they have many features similar to those in adults with same kinds of diabetes, but also have many their own features distinct from adults. By developing targeted therapies and preventive measures, healthcare providers can better address the rising incidence of diabetes-related complications in children and adolescents.
Non-Coding RNA as Potential Therapeutics to Rescue Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Alabere Hafsat O. , Taylor Andrew D. , Miller Brianna R. , Nohoesu Remi , Nicoletti Roxy , Mogus Joshua , Meadows Ethan M. , Hollander John M.
Published: February 2025

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are critical regulators of mitochondrial function in cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have explored the manipulation of ncRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction in different cardiovascular disease contexts, however, there is a dearth of information on the exploration of these non-coding RNAs as actual therapeutics to ameliorate cardiovascular diseases. This systematic review examines the roles of various ncRNAs in modulating mitochondrial dysfunction across major cardiovascular diseases and how they can be targeted to the mitochondria. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Web of Science and Scopus databases, following the PRISMA guidelines. Original research articles in the English language, focusing on ncRNAs and mitochondrial dysfunction in specific cardiovascular diseases, were eligible for inclusion. A total of 76 studies were included in the systematic review with up to 100 ncRNAs identified as therapeutic biomarkers. The identified ncRNAs participate in regulating mitochondrial processes including oxidative phosphorylation, fission/fusion dynamics, apoptosis, and calcium handling in cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondrial targeting moieties including mitochondrial targeting cell-penetrating peptides, mitochondrial targeting liposomes, and aptamers can be conjugated to ncRNAs and delivered to the heart via various injection routes including the pericardium or the myocardium. However, significant challenges remain in developing effective delivery methods to modulate these ncRNAs in vivo.
Alterations in the intersegmental coordination of landing from a jump in a microgravity environment
Authors: Toussaint Thibaut D. , Pypaert Jean-Matthieu , Gambelli Clément N. , Schepens Bénédicte
Published: February 2025

The objective is to investigate the intersegmental coordination during landing from a countermovement jump in different gravitational environments to gain insight on how humans perceive gravity and coordinate complex motor tasks. Eight participants performed countermovement jumps on Earth and while submitted to four simulated gravity levels (from 0.2 to 1 g) generated by a downward pull-down force in weightlessness induced by parabolic flights. The orientation of body segments ( i.e., elevation angles) was recorded using a high-speed camera. A Principal Component Analysis was performed on the elevation angles of the foot, shank, thigh and trunk segments together with a correlation analysis. Regardless the environment, the movements of the four body segments are tuned through a law of intersegmental coordination; the vertical position of the centre of mass of the body being identified as the parameter controlled. The movement of the foot seems an independent factor, given its minimal contribution to the intersegmental coordination and the poor correlation with the shank segment. In weightlessness, the intersegmental coordination is less unidimensional and more variable compared to Earth's gravity. In addition, the lower the gravity level simulated in weightlessness, the greater the contribution of the foot and of the shank, and the lower the contribution of the thigh, suggesting an adjustment of the intersegmental coordination through a reweighting of altered sensory inputs. In conclusion, the intersegmental coordination remains better optimised for Earth gravity, but the unidimensional synergy is preserved in weightlessness when using a downward pull-down force to simulate gravity.
Differences in the bacterial communities along the intestinal tract of juvenile channel (Ictalurus punctatus) and hybrid (I. punctatus × I. furcatus) catfish
Authors: Older Caitlin E. , Goodman Penelope M. , Reifers J. Grant , Yamamoto Fernando Y.
Published: February 2025

Hybrid catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus × I. furcatus) is the preferred catfish for United States aquaculture due to heterosis exhibited in many production traits. Improvements in fry production protocols have enabled widespread adoption of these hybrids, with producers using management practices optimized for channel catfish. Research to consider differences, outside of production traits, which may exist between hybrids and their parent species is lacking. Utilizing management practices specifically designed for hybrids may improve production efficiency. The gut microbiome plays critical roles in host development and health, and thus is relevant to production. In the present study, the microbiota in the anterior, middle, and posterior segments of the intestinal tract were compared between channel and hybrid catfish using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Bacterial community structure was different between channels and hybrids across all intestinal segments (p<0.05), despite a lack of difference in community diversity. Cetobacterium spp. were found in higher abundances in the middle intestinal segment of hybrids compared to channels (q=0.02), and found to have a trend of increasing abundance with increasingly distal segments in both channels and hybrids (q<0.05). Vibrio spp., a low abundance taxon, was similarly found in higher abundances in the anterior segment of hybrids. These results provide evidence of differences in the gut microbiomes of channels and hybrids and insight into the bacterial communities along the catfish intestinal tract. Additional research will be valuable in understanding why differences between channel and hybrid catfish exist and how they may contribute to variation in gut microbiome-related production traits.
Landscape of the intratumoral microbiota acting on the tumor immune microenvironment in LUAD and LUSC
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Yanfeng , Yang Jiankun , Ji Lei , Yao Yuhua , Ren Dan , Zhang Jian
Published: February 2025

While the intratumoral microbiota has been discovered to have a close connection with tumor immunity, the specific role played by intratumoral microbiota in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of lung cancer remains largely unexplored. Here, we comprehensively investigated the association between intratumoral microbiota and the TIME in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). First, we found that intratumoral microbiota and host transcriptome profile significantly differed between LUAD and LUSC. Moreover, there were strong associations between abundance of intratumoral microbes and expression of host genes in both LUAD and LUSC. Furthermore, we found an association between intratumoral Lachnoclostridium and chemokine expression, suggesting a role for these species of microbiota in modulating tumor immunity. Additionally, we found that tumors harbor distinct relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium presented variation in response to immunotherapy and sensitivity to potential drug candidates. Our study provided important insights into the regulation of intratumoral microbiota on the TIME in LUAD and LUSC, which may serve as precursor for hypothesis-driven study to better understand the causational relationship of intratumoral microbiota in lung cancer.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Acetalax and Bisacodyl for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Combined Molecular and Preclinical Study
Authors: Reinhold William C. , Marangoni Elisabetta , Elloumi Fathi , Montagne Remi , Varma Sudhir , Wang Yanghsin , Rezai Keyvan , Morriset Ludivine , Dahmani Ahmed , El Botty Rania , Huguet Léa , Mizunuma Makito , Takebe Naoko , Huguet Samuel , Luna Augustin , Pommier Yves
Published: February 2025

CRISPR (Achilles project) survival comparisons to bisacodyl activity.
TAPAK LIMAN Khasiat, Manfaat dan Kajian Biologis
Authors: Djati Muhammad Sasmito , Christina Yuyun Ika , Dwijayanti Dinia Rizqi
Published: February 2025

Puji syukur kita panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas segala rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga buku ini yang berjudul “Khasiat, Manfaat, dan Kajian Biologis Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L.)” dapat selesai dengan baik. Buku ini hadir sebagai hasil dari proses penelitian yang mendalam mengenai salah satu tumbuhan yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Tapak Liman, telah lama dikenal dalam pengobatan tradisional masyarakat. Namun, potensi tanaman ini masih banyak yang perlu digali lebih lanjut dari segi biologis, farmakologi, dan aplikasinya dalam dunia kesehatan. Penulisan buku ini bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan pengetahuan tradisional dengan hasil-hasil penelitian ilmiah terkini mengenai kandungan senyawa bioaktif, aktivitas farmakologis, serta potensi pengembangan Tapak Liman sebagai sumber obat alami. Kami berharap buku ini dapat menjadi referensi yang bermanfaat bagi para peneliti, akademisi, praktisi kesehatan, serta masyarakat umum yang tertarik untuk memahami lebih dalam mengenai tanaman obat.
Territorialidad Educativa; Una alternativa para la renovación curricular de las Ciencias Sociales en las Instituciones Educativas
Authors: Montes Miranda Alexander , Galindo Lozano Julio César
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo hace parte de la investigación doctoral titulada Territorialidad Educativa; Una alternativa para la renovación didáctica en el currículo de las Ciencias Sociales; caso de la Institución Educativa San José de Loma Verde de Montería - Córdoba. Que una tiene como finalidad dar cumplimiento a tres aspectos importantes en el abordaje de las ciencias sociales. Primero, conocer la relación entre las ciencias sociales y la territorialidad, segundo comprender la incorporación de los conceptos de territorio y territorialidad en el diseño curricular, buscando renovar la didáctica y tercero entender la relación que existente entre la didáctica y el ajuste curricular de las ciencias sociales. Para ello, se asumió la investigación cualitativa con enfoque de análisis documental. Entre sus resultados se destaca la contribución epistemológica aportada por  la categoría: “Territorial Educativa”, que busca renovar la didáctica en la práctica pedagógica del área de Ciencias Sociales, de acuerdo a percepciones vividas y creadas por los sujetos, en donde las temáticas abordadas son ejemplificadas desde sus propios contextos, En ese sentido, se busca renovar y mejorar los planes de estudios, mediante la utilización más eficaz de los recursos existentes y el compromiso con la comunidad local, garantizando que sus alumnos tengan acceso a una educación de calidad, obteniendo como resultado el fortalecimiento de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en todas las instituciones del país.