bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Share Research about Education and Employment with the Deaf Community
Authors: Pici-D’Ottavio Emma , Wilkins Alexander , Anderson Melissa L.
Published: March 2022

The U.S. Deaf community is a sociolinguistic minority group of at least 500,000 individuals who communicate using American Sign Language (ASL).1 ASL is fully distinct from English – i.e., it is not “English on the hands.” ASL is a natural, formal language with its own syntax, morphology, and structure. Members of the Deaf community identify as members of a cultural minority group with shared language, experience, history, art, and literature.

This tip sheet focuses on best practices for sharing research findings with culturally Deaf individuals who primarily use ASL. However, many of the strategies described below align with principles for universal accessibility and will, therefore, apply to a diverse range of hearing people and people with hearing loss.
Creating Welcoming Environments for Workers with Disabilities: Managing Cognitive Demand
Authors: Snethen Gretchen
Published: March 2022

This comic is a collaboration between CeKTER and the Temple University Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Community Living and Participation of Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities (ACL grant #’s 90RTCP0001 & # 90RT5021). It is based on work by Gretchen Snethen, PhD, CTRS and colleagues.

The comic shows and example of how workers with disabilities can be supported at work.

A transcript of the comic is available here on the CeKTER website.

A .png version of the comic is available below under "Additional Files".
Neighboring houses: Report from an archaeological trench at Store Sandvika, Hasvik, Finnmark
Authors: Jørgensen Erlend Kirkeng
Published: March 2022

In august of 2018, a minor excavation was made across two adjoining Stone Age house pit features at the newly discovered site of Store Sandvika (Site ID: 221255, Hasvik municipality, Finnmark county), as part of the Stone Age Demographics project at UiT The Arctic University of Norway. The objectives mainly concerned:

To look for stratigraphically identifiable features useful for the understanding of house contemporaneity and the identification of multiple occupation phases.
To look for the preservation of organics, such as bone/wood tools or organic refuse.
To identify datable material from multiple horizons within each house.

Shoreline displacement suggests that the terrace was suitable for habitation already at the earliest post-glacial colonization, and that the isostatic uplift made the lower laying terrace of 12-10 masl inhabitable by approx. 10.000 years ago (cal BP). However, the transgression of the entire lower terrace would make the upper terrace into the only inhabitable surface in the Store Sandvika bay for millennia. This now also appears to be confirmed by the dates produced from the site.
Datable material was only retrievable from one of the houses, all centering on 3600 BC. The lack of datable material from the other house made it difficult to determine questions of contemporaneity and temporal relatedness, yet stratigraphic evidence suggest variable age and possible reuse of the houses given the stark variation in peat thickness covering the adjoining houses, as well as the apparent secondary dug-down in one of the houses.
Repeated reuse of the site seems likely based on both the identification of debitage from chert/silicified slate below the house floor of what stratigraphically speaking should be the oldest house – as well as dates most likely indicating tightly spaced, yet separate habitation events. No artifacts or debitage whatsoever was uncovered within the house areas. The dates should imply that the houses most likely would contain rich slate tool inventories as is common for house features of this period. The lack of finds may solely be credited to the very minimal spatial extent of the investigation – however specific waste management practices favored by the steep and ocean-front terrace, may also contribute to less within house debitage.
The report ends with a contextualization of the site focusing on the specificity of Younger Stone Age sites located atop fluvial deltas elevated significantly above contemporaneous sea level and factors that might affect the data catchment and inventories from such sites – such as waste management practices.
First observations of ovary regeneration in an amphipod, Ampelisca eschrichtii Krøyer, 1842
Authors: Durkina Valentina B. , Chapman John W. , Demchenko Natalia L.
Published: March 2022

Background

Females of the gammaridean amphipod Ampelisca eschrichtii with signs of regenerating, previously atrophied ovaries were recovered from the northeastern shelf of Sakhalin Island (Okhotsk Sea, Russia). Ovarian regeneration was previously unknown for any amphipod species. A. eschrichtii have a predominantly 2-year life cycle (from embryo to adult death) and reproduce once between late winter or early spring at the age of 2 years. Occasionally, females survive to a third year. An adaptive value of extended survival among these females is likely to require that they are also reproductive.

Methods

Histological sections from a second-year female with ovarian atrophy, a female with normal ovaries, a third-year female with ovarian regeneration, as well as testes of an immature and a sexually mature male were compared to determine the sources of cells of the germinal and somatic lines necessary for ovarian regeneration.

Results

Ovarian regeneration in the third-year female began with the formation of a new germinal zone from germ cells preserved in the atrophied ovaries and eosinophilic cells of the previously starving second-year female. Eosinophilic cells form the mesodermal component of the germinal zone. A mass of these cells appeared in the second-year female that had atrophied ovaries and in large numbers on the intestine wall of the third-year female with regenerating ovaries. These eosinophilic cells appear to migrate into the regenerating ovaries.

Conclusions

All germ cells of the second-year female are not lost during ovarian atrophy and can be involved in subsequent ovarian regeneration. Eosinophilic cells involved in ovarian regeneration are of mesodermal origin. The eosinophilic cell morphologies are similar to those of quiescence cells (cells in a reversible state that do not divide but retain the ability to re-enter cell division and participate in regeneration). These histological data thus indicate that eosinophilic and germ cells of third-year females can participate in the regeneration of the ovaries to reproduce a second brood. The precursors of these third-year females (a small number the second-year females with an asynchronous [summer] breeding period and ovaries that have atrophied due to seasonal starvation) appear to possess sources of somatic and germ cells that are sufficient for ovarian regeneration and that may be adaptations to starvation stress.
Gestos sutiles de control: Sobre las sensibilidades somáticas de una aplicación remota de IoT
Authors:   KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Departamento de Tecnología de Medios y Diseño de Interacción, Miniotaitė Jūra , Pakulytė Vaida ,   Electrolux CX Software Team, Fernaeus Ylva ,   KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Departamento de Tecnología de Medios y Diseño de Interacción
Published: March 2022

En el diseño de experiencias de usuario para electrodomésticos, la conexión, la supervi­sión y el control a través de aplicaciones para teléfonos inteligentes están cada vez más presentes. A pesar de las amplias po­sibilidades de interacción que ofrecen los teléfonos inteligentes, actualmente el modo estándar de interacción con estas aplica­ciones se da a través de la manipulación de la interfaz gráfica de usuario. Con el fin de explorar nuevas experiencias corporalmente sentidas para este contexto de uso, se dise­ñó una aplicación de control remoto para una aspiradora robótica, la que permitía a los participantes enfocar su mirada en el robot, mientras lo dirigían inclinando sutilmente el teléfono. Esta interacción concreta es utiliza­da como caso para destacar el papel de las sensibilidades somáticas a la hora de dise­ñar aplicaciones para teléfonos inteligentes en el contexto del Internet de las cosas (IoT). Mediante un análisis inspirado en la feno­menología, describimos la experiencia del usuario en términos de manipulación física, percepción, esfuerzo y utilidad, así como a través del compromiso social y emocional. Un atributo importante está relacionado con la manera en que la interacción creó, a través de su sutileza, una experiencia somática­mente conectada.
Behaviour of Students of Senior Secondary School towards Caffeine in Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jain Ishi , Tripathi Alok , Singh Ravipratap
Published: March 2022

Introduction: On entering 11th and 12th standard students feels a load of studies and lack of energy to combat that, an increase in caffeine consumption is observed in students which have both short and long term side-effects. Aim: This study has been undertaken to throw light on the unspoken side of the coin called caffeine consumption by students of senior secondary school to relieve stress. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study done over a period of six weeks from 1st September 2021 to 15th October 2021. Data was collected from senior secondary schools of western Uttar Pradesh, India, via semistructured questionnaire which was followed by the audio-visual presentation about caffeine. After one week of presentation same questionnaire was distributed and change was evaluated and compiled in form of adequate tables to study the responses. Results: Out of 1000 students, 920 students (92%) knew caffeine, among whom 500 students (50%) knew the side-effects of caffeine. A total of 780 students (78%) had a perception that caffeine is addictive. Among the reasons for caffeine consumption, to ward away sleep (51%) was the most prominent. Coffee was the most consumed caffeinated product (61%). Conclusion: From the present study, it be concluded that there is a lack of knowledge in students about caffeine intake and its side-effects which can affect their health.
Enhancing Students’ Understanding of Abstract Concepts in Physics by Integrating ICT in Teaching-Learning Process
Authors: Tenzin Sangay , Tendar Pema , Zangmo Nidup
Published: March 2022

Conceptualizing abstract concepts in physics has been a challenge that has impeded the learning and performance of the students in the schools in Bhutan. The advent of science and technology has led to development of numerous Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) that are apt to use in physics education but are hardly explored and used in the Bhutanese education system. Thus, there is a compelling need to revamp the conventional instructional approach to accommodate the modern physics education system. A quantitative quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design study was used to enhance students’ performance in physics by integrating ICT in the teaching-learning process at Chundu Armed Force Public School, Haa. Two rounds of data (baseline and post-intervention) were collected from both experimental classes (IX C and IX D) and control class (IX E) having 30 students in each section. The data were gathered through valid survey questionnaires, physics achievement tests, and classroom observation techniques between July and August 2021. The collected data sets were analyzed and triangulated using SPSS-22 and Microsoft excel 2011.

The study revealed 100% of participants’ preferences over ICT based approach to the conventional “chalk and talk” method in learning physics. The use of ICT facilities in the teaching and learning process has put the abstractness of physics concepts out of question and has enabled more entertaining, engaging, effective, and meaningful learning. It was evident with the significant increase in the mean score of students’ performance in the physics achievement test from 38.26 to 56.19, which account for 46.9 % for the experimental class. The opposite trend was also found for the controlled class with a mean-score difference of -0.12. Thus, the study suggests integrating ICT in teaching learning of physics to encourage two-way interactive delivery methods and enhance students’ performance in physics.
The Gender Associations of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Uduagbamen Peter Kehinde , T. Oyelese Adesola , Israel Michael Gbenga , Ajani Alalade Boladale , I. Ahmed Sule , Ogunmola Marion Itohan , Esther Falana Tolulope
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a cheap and readily available tool that is becoming increasingly recognized as a marker of pan-systemic inflammation. Gender differences have been identified in various inflammatory responses and play significant roles in the etiopathologic, epidemiological, clinical and prognostic profile of most disease entities. We assess gender association with the NLR.

Methods: One hundred and eighty eight participants (44 with acute kidney injury and I44 with chronic kidney disease were studied. Data on socio-demographics, clinical and laboratory findings such as NLR, serum electrolytes, albumin, uric acid and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) were documented and gender associations of participants’ variables were determined.

Results: The NLR was higher in CKD than AKI, P=0.04, higher in females, P<0.001 and aged, P<0.001. The NLR was positively related to the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), albumin creatinine ratio, P=0.01 and the severity of the inflammatory condition. The men had higher serum albumin, creatinine, uric acid and UACR. The uric acid was higher in AKI than in CKD, P=0.04. The systolic blood pressure was higher in AKI than CKD, P<0.001. The serum bicarbonate was lower in AKI than CKD, P=0.04. In the elderly population, the proportion of females was more, P<0.001.

Female gender (OR-3.22, 95% CI-1.88-3.78), aging (OR-6.20, CI-3.17-9.58), smoking (OR-5.86, CI-4.52-8.95), elevated systolic blood pressure (OR-3.75, 95% CI-1.83-4.03) and elevated serum creatinine (OR-5.73, 95% CI-1.65-5.89) independently predicted elevated NLR.

Conclusion: The NLR is a readily available and cheap tool that was positively correlated with the age, BMI, blood pressure and inflammatory markers such as serum uric acid and UACR. It was higher in CKD than AKI, and in females. Being positively related to other inflammatory markers, it can be used in assessing the severity, prognosticating and perhaps predicting the outcome of inflammatory conditions.
Assessment of Some Reproductive Hormones in Acute Lead-Acetate-Induced toxicity in Male and Female Albino Rats Treated Hypoestes rosea Leaf
Authors: Uwikor F. K. , Echonwere-Uwikor B. E. , Chukwuigwe-Igbere O. E.
Published: March 2022

Aim: To assess the levels of some gonadal hormones in lead-acetate-induced Albino Rats treated with Hypoestes rosea Leaf.

Study design: Experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, University of Port Harcourt and Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, between October, 2019 and March, 2020.

Methodology: A total of 140 albino Wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were divided into 26 groups (6 post-treatment and 6 pre-treatment groups for female rats and the same number for male rats and 2 groups as male and female controls). Each group contained 5 rats for both sexes in both pre- and post-treatments groups, except the positive control groups that had 10 animals for both sexes. The study was carried out for 21 days. The negative control groups received rat feed only, extract control (EC) group received 100mg/kg bwt/day for 21 days, positive control (PC) group received 60mg/kg b.wt per day of lead acetate for 7 days. The other 3 groups received 100mgkg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg b.wt respectively for 14 days either as pre-treatment or post treatment, for both sexes of the albino rats. At the end of the experimental periods, the rats were sacrificed under chloroform anesthesia and samples were taken through the jugular vein. Reproductive hormone levels were estimated using the Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay methods. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Analysis System (SAS), STAT 15.1 and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: Results showed lead acetate had significant negative effect (p<0.05) on most reproductive hormones, except LH and TSH (p>0.05). The plant in a dose dependent pattern was able to significantly (p<0.05), reverse the effect of lead acetate in the Post treatment phase and also protect the endocrine system from the deleterious effect of lead acetate in the pre-treatment phase. Testosterone was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in all the treatment groups that had the extract. 

Conclusion: Our study showed that dose dependent AEHR extract significantly reduced the impact of lead intoxication on some hormones.
Incidence of Esophageal Varices in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Basharat Khalidurehman , Mokhles Wali Gul
Published: March 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of esophageal varices as a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the emergency room and the department of medicine Khost Provincial Hospital Khost -Afghanistan. Duration of data collection was six months, starting from January 5, 2021 to June 4, 2021. The study included one hundred and six patients suffered from upper GI bleeding. After initial history and clinical examination, upper GI endoscopy was performed to evaluate the cause of bleeding and all the relevant data was entered in the specific proforma designed by researchers.

Results: One hundred and six patients, 60 (56.6%) male and 46 (43.4%)females, of upper GI hemorrhage were included in the study. Mean age was 45.78 years (SD ±14.86) with age range of 21- 85years. Twenty patients (18.86%) had esophageal varices while 28 (26.41%) patients had duodenal ulcer, 31 (29.2%) had gastric ulcer, 14 (13.2%) had Gastric carcinoma,9 (8.49) patients had gastro-duodenal erosions, three patients (2.83%)had Mallory Weiss tear and one patient (0.94) had esophageal growth.

Conclusion: In this area (Khost – Afghanistan) where this study was conducted, esophageal varices are the second most common cause of upper GI bleeding.
Chlorogloeopsis
Authors: Golubic Stjepko , Hoffmann Lucien , Castenholz Richard W.
Published: March 2022

Chlo.ro.gloe.op'sis. Gr. masc. adj.
chloros
, green; Gr. masc. n.
gloios
, sticky substance; Gr. fem. n.
opsis
, appearance; N.L. fem. n.
Chlorogloeopsis
, resembling
Chlorogloea
(Mitra 1950).

Cyanobacteria / Subsection V / Chlorogloeopsidaceae / Chlorogloeopsis

The genus
Chlorogloeopsis
Mitra et Pandey 1967 is a coccoid‐appearing,
filamentous
cyanobacterium (Subsection V in Rippka et al., 1979). The filamentous nature of this organism is unclear, except in the hormogonia.
Hormogonia
are composed of short chains of cylindrical or barrel‐shaped cells that, after ceasing motility, enlarge to become spherical. Colonies formed by three‐dimensional cell clusters. Heterocysts develop in both
intercalary
and
terminal
positions when levels of combined nitrogen are low. Hormogonia arise from cell aggregates. Vegetative cells enlarge to form
akinetes
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
of the three studied strains ranges between 42.1 and 43.5, and the genome sizes from 4.7 to 5.4 × 10
9
 Da (Rippka and Herdman, 1992).

Type species
:
Chlorogloeopsis fritschii
(Mitra 1950) Mitra and Pandey 1967 (some resources, e.g. Hindák 2008; Halder 2016, cite the same source as published in 1966).
Iyengariella
Authors: Golubic Stjepko , Hoffmann Lucien , Castenholz Richard W.
Published: March 2022

I.yen.da.ri.el'la. N.L. fem. n.
Iyengariella
, named in honor of MOP Iyengar, Indian phycologist.

Cyanobacteria / Subsection V / Symphyonemataceae / Iyengariella

The genus
Iyengariella
is characterized by true and false branching. It is a filamentous cyanobacterium, with true branching dichotomous, lateral, and less commonly pseudodichotomous and inverted V‐shaped true branching. The branches end with rounded apical cells or taper, ending with whip‐like extensions.

Type species
:
Iyengariella tirupatienis
Desikachary 1953, Figures 1–18.

The genus is classified within the family:
Symphyonemataceae
Hoffmann, Komarek and Kaštovský 2005.
Pirellula
Authors: Fuerst John A. , Butler Margaret K.
Published: March 2022

Pi.rel'lu.la la L. fem. n.
Pirellula
, very small pear, referring to the shape of the bacterium.

Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Pirellulales / Pirellulaceae / Pirellula

The genus
Pirellula
belongs to the family
Pirellulaceae
of the order
Pirellulales
(phylum
Planctomycetes
/class
Planctomycetia
) and comprises one named species, the type species
Pirellula staleyi
, isolated from a freshwater lake.
P. staleyi
is an obligately aerobic chemoorganotrophic heterotroph for which carbohydrates are carbon and energy sources. The type species possesses pear‐ or teardrop‐shaped cells reproducing via budding, motility via polar to subpolar monotrichous flagella, and white to light yellow colonies. The surfaces of whole cells observed via electron microscopy have polar electron‐dense pit‐like crateriform structures and may possess hump‐like protrusions. Sectioned cells prepared via cryosubstitution viewed by electron microscopy possess a major cell compartment, the pirellulosome. In this compartment, ribosomes and a condensed nucleoid appear to be enclosed by an intracytoplasmic membrane. The mol% G + C of the type strain of the type species
Pirellula staleyi
ATCC 27377
T
is 57.5 via genome sequence. The genome size is 6.2 Mb.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 57.5 (genome sequence).

Type species
:
Pirellula staleyi
Schlesner and Hirsch 1987
VP
homotypic synonym: (emend. Schlesner et al. 2004 (homotypic synonym and illegitimate name: Pirella staleyi Schlesner and Hirsch 1984)).
Pantoea
Authors: Palmer Marike , Coutinho Teresa A.
Published: March 2022

Pan.toe'a. Gr. masc. adj.
pantoios
, of all sorts and sources; N.L. fem. n.
Pantoea
, [bacteria] from diverse [geographical and ecological] sources.

Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Enterobacteriaceae / Pantoea

The genus
Pantoea
comprises a versatile assemblage of Gram‐negative and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria occur in association with plant and animal hosts, as beneficial or pathogenic members of the communities or as free‐living in various environments. Cells of the members of this genus are non‐spore‐forming and nonencapsulated rods, ranging between 0.5 and 1.3 by 1.0 and 3.8 μm. The formation of symplasmata occurs in some members of the genus. Most are motile by means of peritrichous flagella, with some members producing a yellow pigment. The genus currently consists of 23 validly and effectively published species, ranging widely in isolation source and apparent pathogenic ability. The genomes of these organisms range markedly in size, with the median genome size being 4.85 Mb. The genomic pool of these organisms is diverse, contributing to their ecological versatility. Conserved genes within the genus are mainly involved in core housekeeping functions. This genus forms part of the family
Enterobacteriaceae
, with a close evolutionary relationship to
Erwinia
,
Izhakiella
,
Mixta
,
Phaseolibacter
,
Rosenbergiella
, and
Tatumella
. The G + C content of their DNA, as determined from genome sequences, ranges between 51.80 and 59.60%. Various members of this genus are considered pathogens or opportunistic pathogens, while some isolates display biotechnological and agricultural potential.

DNA G + C content based on genome (mol%)
: 51.90–59.60.

Type species
:
Pantoea agglomerans
(Beijerinck 1988) Gavini et al. 1989
VP
.
Moraxella
Authors: Fernández‐Garayzábal José Francisco , Miguela‐Villoldo Pedro , Vela Ana Isabel
Published: March 2022

Mo.ra.xel'la. N.L. dim. fem. n.Moraxella, named after V. Morax, a Swiss ophthalmologist who pioneered the recognition of the type species.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pseudomonadales / Moraxellaceae / Moraxella

Moraxellaspecies are Gram‐negative rods or cocci but often with a tendency to resist decolorization. The rods are often very short and plump, frequently approaching a coccus shape (1.0–1.5 × 1.5–1.5 μm); they usually occur in pairs and short chains. Variation in cell size, shape, and filament or chain formation is often seen in cultures, the pleomorphism being enhanced by lack of oxygen and by incubation temperatures above the optimum. The cocci are usually smaller (0.6–1.0 μm in diameter) and occur as single cells or in pairs; sometimes results in the formation of tetrads. Flagella are absent. Both coccal and rod‐shaped species can be fimbriated. Absence of swimming motility, but surface‐bound “twitching motility” has been observed in some rod‐shaped species. Aerobic, but some species can grow weakly under anaerobic conditions. May be encapsulated. Chemoorganotrophic. Most species are nutritionally fastidious, and all grow in complex media; some are stimulated significantly by fatty acids (bile salts and Tween 80). The optimal temperature for growth is between 33 and 35°C. Colonies are not pigmented. Oxidase‐positive. Usually catalase‐positive. No acid is produced from carbohydrates. Species of this genus share 96–99% similarity in their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The major fatty acids in most species are C18 :1ω9cand C16:1ω7c. The major quinone is Q‐8. Members of the classGammaproteobacteriaand familyMoraxellaceae. Parasitic on the mucous membranes of humans and other warm‐blooded animals.

DNA G + C content (mol%): 40–48.1 (Tm, Bd, HPLC).

Type species:Moraxella lacunataLwoff 1939AL, synonym: “Bacillus lacunatus” Eyre 1900.
Parapusillimonas
Authors: Durán‐Viseras Ana , Manaia Célia M. , Vaz‐Moreira Ivone , Nunes Olga C.
Published: March 2022

Parapusillimonas
(Pa.ra.pu.sil.li.mo'nas. Gr. prep.
para
like; N.L. fem. n.
Pusillimonas
bacterial genus name; N.L. fem. n.
Parapusillimonas
a bacterium like
Pusillimonas
).

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Alcaligenaceae / Parapusillimonas

Gram‐staining‐negative motile short
rods
, with
three flagella
. Facultatively anaerobic. Catalase‐ and cytochrome
c
oxidase‐positive.
Chemoorganotrophic
. Sugar, alcohols, organic acids, and amino acids can be used as single carbon sources.
Ubiquinone 8
is the major respiratory quinone, and the predominant fatty acids are
C

16:0

,
summed feature 3
(C
16:1
ω7
c
/C
15:0
iso 2‐OH),
C

17:0

cyclo
, and
summed feature 5
(C
18:1
ω7
c
/ω9
t
/ω12
t
). The major polar lipids are
phosphatidylethanolamine
,
phosphatidylglycerol
, and
diphosphatidylglycerol
.
Putrescine
is the major polyamine.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.9 (HPLC) and 64.6 (genome).

Type species
:
Parapusillimonas granuli
Kim et al. 2010
VP
.
Pusillimonas
Authors: Durán‐Viseras Ana , Manaia Célia M. , Vaz‐Moreira Ivone , Nunes Olga C.
Published: March 2022

Pusillimonas
(Pu.sil.li.mo'nas. L. masc. adj.
pusillus
very small/minute; Gr. fem. n.
monas
unit/monad; N.L. fem. n.
Pusillimonas
very small monad/unicell, referring to the small size of cells and colonies of the type species).

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Alcaligenaceae / Pusillimonas

Rods
, Gram‐stain‐negative, and nonmotile or motile by polar or lateral flagella. Strictly
aerobic
. The optimal growth temperature range is 30–37°C. Catalase and cytochrome
c
oxidase tests are positive in most species. The major respiratory quinone is
ubiquinone Q‐8
. The cellular fatty acid composition is characterized by the predominance of C
16:0
. The other most abundant fatty acids (C
17:0
cyclo, C
19:0
cyclo ω8
c
, and C
18:0
) vary among species. The polar lipids composition comprises phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine as well as some unidentified amino‐ and phospholipids. Phylogenetically, belongs to the family
Alcaligenaceae
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 53.1–63.3 (
T
m
/HPLC) and 53.4–63.1 (WGS).

Type species
:
Pusillimonas noertemannii
Stolz et al. 2005
VP
.
Planctomicrobium
Authors: Dedysh Svetlana N. , Ivanova Anastasia A. , Kulichevskaya Irina S.
Published: March 2022

Planctomicrobium
(Planc.to.mi.cro'bi.um. Gr. masc. adj.
planktos
, wandering, floating; N.L. neut. n.
microbium
, (from Gr. masc. adj.
mikros
small and Gr. masc. n.
bios
life) a microbe; N.L. neut. n.
Planctomicrobium,
floating microbe).

Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Planctomycetales / Planctomycetaceae / Planctomicrobium

The genus
Planctomicrobium
is represented by bacteria with Gram‐negative, ellipsoidal to pear‐shaped, and nonpigmented cells that occur singly, in pairs, in small rosettes, or in aggregates. Free cell poles are covered with crateriform pits. Cell division occurs by means of budding; buds arise from the free cell pole of the mother cells. Daughter cells are motile by means of a polar flagellum, while mature cells are immobile and possess stalks. These bacteria are aerobic chemoorganotrophs, which utilize monomeric sugars and some polysaccharides. The two currently characterized strains are capable of growth on chitin. Mildly acidophilic and mesophilic. Sensitive to NaCl; do not develop at NaCl concentrations above 0.5 (w/v). The major quinone is MK‐6. The major fatty acids are C
16:0
and C
16:1
ω7
c
. The major polar lipids are diacylglycerol‐
O‐
(
N
,
‐N
,
‐N
‐trimethyl)homoserine lipids; the major neutral lipids are long‐chain 1,(ω‐1)‐diols. The genus belongs to the phylum
Planctomycetes
, class
Planctomycetia,
order
Planctomycetales
, and family
Planctomycetaceae
. The type species is
Planctomicrobium piriforme
. Representatives of this genus colonize various freshwater habitats.

DNA G
 + 
C content
(
mol
%): 58.8 (genome sequence).

Type species
:
Planctomicrobium piriforme
Kulichevskaya et al. 2015
VP
emend. Kulichevskaya et al. 2019.
Progressive choreodystonia in X‐linked hyper‐IgM immunodeficiency: a rare but recurrent presentation
Authors: Škorvánek Matej , Jech Robert , Winkelmann Juliane , Zech Michael
Published: March 2022

An association between movement disorders and immune‐system dysfunction has been described in the context of rare genetic diseases such as ataxia telangiectasia as well as infectious encephalopathies. We encountered a male patient who presented immunodeficiency of unknown etiology since childhood. A medication‐refractory, progressive choreodystonic movement disorder emerged at the age of 42 years and prompted an exome‐wide molecular testing approach. This revealed a pathogenic hemizygous variant in CD40LG, the gene implicated in X‐linked hyper‐IgM syndrome. Only two prior reports have specifically suggested a causal relationship between CD40LG mutations and involuntary hyperkinetic movements. Our findings thus confirm the existence of a particular CD40LG‐related condition, combining features of compromised immunity with neurodegenerative movement abnormalities. Establishing the diagnosis is crucial because of potential life‐threatening immunological complications.
Ultrashort Laser Texturing for Tuning Surface Morphology and Degradation Behavior of the Biodegradable Fe–20Mn Alloy for Temporary Implants
Authors: Biffi Carlo Alberto , Fiocchi Jacopo , Bregoli Chiara , Gambaro Sofia , Copes Francesco , Mantovani Diego , Tuissi Ausonio
Published: March 2022

Biodegradable metallic alloys are promising materials for the development of temporary medical implants, including cardiovascular and orthopedic devices. The present work explores the surface modification of a biodegradable Fe–20Mn alloy by means of ultrashort laser texturing and the correlation between the laser‐induced surface morphology and the degradation behavior. In detail, the effect of different processing parameters on surface morphology is explored and compared with the unprocessed surface. It is found that laser texturing can tune the degradation rate, selectively inducing positive (+29%) or negative (−31%) change with respect to the untreated surface.
Assembly of Metal–Phenolic Networks on Water‐Soluble Substrates in Nonaqueous Media
Authors: Mazaheri Omid , Alivand Masood S. , Zavabeti Ali , Spoljaric Steve , Pan Shuaijun , Chen Deli , Caruso Frank , Suter Helen C. , Mumford Kathryn A.
Published: March 2022

Interfacial modular assemblies of eco‐friendly metal–phenolic networks (MPNs) are of interest for surface and materials engineering. To date, most MPNs are assembled on water‐stable substrates; however, the self‐assembly of MPNs on highly water‐soluble substrates remains unexplored. Herein, a versatile approach is reported to engineer thickness‐tunable coatings (2–25 µm) on a water‐soluble substrate (i.e., urea) via the self‐assembly of MPNs in a nonaqueous solvent (i.e., acetonitrile). The coordination‐driven assembly of the MPN coatings in the nonaqueous solvent is distinct from that in aqueous systems, as the assembly is only achieved following the addition of urea granules into the iron–tannin solution. The coating occurs relatively rapidly (5–60 min), generating micrometer‐thick coatings from the adsorption of FeIII–TA complexes and micrometer‐sized FeIII–TA particles formed in solution. The straightforward nature of the present fabrication method in generating thick and robust coatings with high stability in nonaqueous environments (including at 60 °C) coupled with the broad range of available naturally abundant polyphenol–metal ion combinations expand the applicability of MPNs as coatings for water‐soluble materials, thus providing new opportunities for their broader application in a range of industrial processes and applications.
Biomimetic Immunosuppressive Exosomes that Inhibit Cytokine Storms Contribute to the Alleviation of Sepsis
Authors: Li Yinan , Zhang Heng , Chen Caihong , Qiao Kailiang , Li Zhiyang , Han Jingxia , Han Xu , Li Kun , Lai Keguan , Liu Ning , Li Ang , Xiao Nannan , Zhang Yan , Zhao Xiangshuai , Gao Wenqing , Zhang Yang , Liu Huijuan , Sun Tao
Published: March 2022

Sepsis is a disease characterized by multiple organ failure caused by immune hyperactivation and cytokine storms. Studies have shown that the incidence of sepsis in melanoma patients is substantially lower compared to the general population. It is also observed that experimental tumor‐bearing animals have high survival rates after sepsis induction, suggesting that tumors may suppress sepsis‐associated immune overactivation, thereby alleviating sepsis. Based on the above‐described findings, this work assesses whether tumor cells play an antisepsis role in mice through the secretion of exosomes. Analysis of exosome activity reveals that the induced exosomes (iExo) secreted by tumor cells following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment improve sepsis to a greater extent than normal secretory exosomes. Further analysis reveals that iExo exert their protective effects mainly through seven key miRNAs. In vitro bionic simulation of exosomes is carried out using exosome mimics generated by loading the aforementioned microRNAs into hyaluronic acid–polyethylenimine nanoparticles. Exosome mimics at specific miRNA ratios alleviate sepsis in mice and cynomolgus monkeys, indicating that biomimetic simulation of tumor‐suppressive exosomes may represent a promising therapeutic method for the treatment of sepsis and cytokine‐storm‐related conditions.
A Wearable PVA Film Supported TiO2 Nanoparticles Decorated NaNbO3 Nanoflakes‐Based SERS Sensor for Simultaneous Detection of Metabolites and Biomolecules in Human Sweat Samples
Authors: Durai Lignesh , Badhulika Sushmee
Published: March 2022

Sweat is one of the non‐invasive diagnostic biofluids that provides critical information about human health. In this work, a wearable sweat sensor integrated with a polymer‐based fluid absorption layer modified with titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles decorated sodium niobate (NaNbO3) nanoflakes in porous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film matrix is demonstrated for the detection of vital metabolites (such as glucose and urea) and biomolecules (ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA)) in human sweat samples via surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The TiO2@NaNbO3/PVA (SERS patch) exhibits a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.50, 0.80, 1.00, and 100 mm towards AA, glucose, UA, and urea, respectively. The SERS patch displays a high enhancement factor with a low accumulation time of 20s which can be ascribed to the surface coordination between the TiO2@NaNbO3 and the analytes leading to interfacial charge‐transfer transition (ICTT). Besides, the photo‐induced charge transfer (PICT) resonance significantly amplifies the SERS signal. The SERS patch is successful in the simultaneous determination of AA, glucose, UA, and urea in simulated sweat samples with minimal mutual interference. The high efficacy of the SERS patch proves it as an ideal platform for a wide range of wearable healthcare monitoring applications.
A Pocket‐Sized Ten‐Channel High Voltage Power Supply for Soft Electrostatic Actuators
Authors: Mitchell Shane K. , Martin Trent , Keplinger Christoph
Published: March 2022

As soft electrostatic actuators find applications in bio‐inspired robotics, compact and lightweight high voltage electronics that independently address many actuators are required. Here, a pocket‐sized, battery‐powered, 10‐channel high voltage power supply (HVPS) is presented, which independently addresses each channel up to 10 kV. The HVPS uses one HV amplifier to create a HV rail and each output connects to the rail via custom optocouplers that are pulse‐width modulated to vary their conductance. These optocouplers distribute charges to and from electrostatic devices at each output, creating a charge‐controlled driving scheme that can generate independent and nearly arbitrary actuation waveforms for each channel. The HVPS weighs 250 g and measures 8.4 cm × 13.3 cm × 2 cm, about the size of a smartphone. The HVPS is characterized when driving hydraulically amplified self‐healing electrostatic (HASEL) actuators. While powering a 5 nF actuator, the output of the HVPS reaches 8 kV in 100 ms and drives a 1.5 nF actuator at 100 Hz (0 to 5.4 kV). The HVPS powers an active surface consisting of an array of HASELs and generates undulatory locomotion of a soft robotic inchworm, highlighting the potential for compact HV electronics that power multi‐degree‐of‐freedom robotic systems based on electrostatic devices.
MXene‐Polymer Hybrid for High‐Performance Gas Sensor Prepared by Microwave‐Assisted In‐Situ Intercalation
Authors: Zhou Jin , Hosseini Shokouh Seyed Hossein , Komsa Hannu‐Pekka , Rieppo Lassi , Cui Linfan , Lv Zhong‐Peng , Kordas Krisztian
Published: March 2022

2D transition‐metal carbides (Ti3C2Tx MXene) intercalated with organic molecules have been widely used in batteries and supercapacitors, but are quite rarely reported for gas sensing. Since Ti3C2Tx is sensitive to oxygen, most methods for preparing the intercalated Ti3C2Tx involve stirring the reactants with Ti3C2Tx for several hours under nitrogen protection. Herein, a method to prepare a hybrid of Ti3C2Tx and intercalated polysquaraine through microwave‐assisted in situ polymerization that takes only a few minutes without the need of using a protective atmosphere is demonstrated. Owing to the increased interlayer space of the Ti3C2Tx after the polymerization, the gas sensors based on the hybrid exhibit a good sensing performance for NH3 detection, being able to detect at least 500 ppb NH3 with a 2.2% ppm−1 of sensitivity. This study provides a facile preparation method for developing intercalated MXenes, which are expected to be useful for a wide range of applications.
Internal Referencing Photoluminescence Probes for Simultaneous Sensing of O2 Gas and Temperature Based on Mn:MAPb(Br/Cl)3 Perovskite
Authors: Saeedi Meysam , Ahmadi Vahid , Arabpour Roghabadi Farzaneh , Ashjari Tahereh
Published: March 2022

The ratiometric photoluminescence (PL)‐based O2 sensitive probes provide built‐in self‐calibration for the correction of various target‐independent influencing factors. They attract particular attention to be used for O2 gas sensing and imaging. Herein, internal referencing ratiometric PL probes are fabricated that not only detect O2 concentration and temperature simultaneously but also remove the destructive effect of temperature on O2 sensing. A dual‐emission thin film of Mn‐doped halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) (Mn:MAPb(Br/Cl)3) with a 50% PL quantum yield is used as the sensing layer, which is synthesized in situ. Through the sensing process, excitonic PL and the PL caused by Mn are used for detecting temperature and O2 partial pressures, respectively. Remarkably, the Mn PL intensity shows 40% decrement with increasing O2 partial pressures from 0% to 20%, while for the excitonic PL, intensity changes are less than 5%. As the temperature undesirably affects the sensing quantity, the O2 PL is used as an internal reference signal to achieve good accuracy and selectivity. Furthermore, the temperature variation is determined by measuring PL peak intensity change and wavelength shift. In addition to the O2 gas sensitivity of 1.55, a relative temperature sensitivity of −9.36% K−1 is also achieved.
Ni2+‐Directed Anisotropic Growth of PtCu Nested Skeleton Cubes Boosting Electroreduction of Oxygen
Authors: Zhang Yafeng , Ye Kai , Liu Qianru , Qin Juan , Jiang Qike , Yang Bing , Yin Feng
Published: March 2022

Structure‐controlled Pt‐based nanocrystals have the great potential to provide a flexible strategy for improving the catalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, a new synthetic approach is developed to tune the 3D structure of Pt‐based alloys, and switch a synthetic reaction which produces solid PtCu octahedral stars (OSs) to produce PtCu nested skeleton cubes (NSCs) by simple addition of Ni(acac)2. In particular, Ni2+‐guided anisotropic growth is observed to generate the nested skeleton structure in PtCu NSCs. Ni2+, though absent from the nanoalloys, not only endows faster Cu reduction kinetics but also acts as a structure‐directing agent. Moreover, it is shown that acetic acid treatment of PtCu NSCs/C exposes Pt‐rich surface with a fine‐tuned Pt d‐band center energy and the reduced Cu leaching, resulting in strikingly high activity and stability. Acid‐treated PtCu NSCs/C shows a remarkable ORR mass activity of 5.13 A mgPt–1, about 26 times higher than commercial Pt/C catalyst. This catalyst also exhibits excellent stability with a lower activity decay of 11.5% and the negligible variation in structure after 10 000 cycles.
Ir Single Atom Catalyst Loaded on Amorphous Carbon Materials with High HER Activity
Authors: Liu Chunxiang , Pan Ganghuo , Liang Nianjie , Hong Song , Ma Jingyuan , Liu Yuzhou
Published: March 2022

The research of high efficiency water splitting catalyst is important for the development of renewable energy economy. Here, the progress in the preparation of high efficiency hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst is reported. The support material is based on a polyhexaphenylbenzene material with intrinsic holes, which heals into carbon materials upon heating. The healing process is found to be useful for anchoring various transition metal atoms, among which the supported Ir Single‐atom catalyst (SAC) catalyst shows much higher electrocatalytic activity and stability than the commercial Pt/C and Ir/C in HER. There is only 17 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm–2, which is significantly lower than that of commercial Pt/C and Ir/C catalysts respectively by 26 and 3 mV, and the catalyst has an ultra‐high mass activity (MA) of 51.6  at 70 mV potential and turn over frequencies (TOF) of 171.61 s–1 at the potential of 100 mV. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveals the significant role of carbon coordination around the Ir center. A series of monatomic PBN‐300‐M are synthesized by using of designed carbon materials. The findings provide an enabling and versatile platform for facile accessing SACs toward many industrial important reactions.
Coupling Lipid Labeling and Click Chemistry Enables Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles for Noninvasive Detection of Oncogenic Gene Alterations
Authors: Sun Na , Tran Benjamin V. , Peng Zishan , Wang Jing , Zhang Ceng , Yang Peng , Zhang Tiffany X. , Widjaja Josephine , Zhang Ryan Y. , Xia Wenxi , Keir Alexandra , She Jia‐Wei , Yu Hsiao‐hua , Shyue Jing‐Jong , Zhu Hongguang , Agopian Vatche G. , Pei Renjun , Tomlinson James S. , Toretsky Jeffrey A , Jonas Steven J. , Federman Noah , Lu Shaohua , Tseng Hsian‐Rong , Zhu Yazhen
Published: March 2022

Well‐preserved molecular cargo in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) offers an ideal material for detecting oncogenic gene alterations in cancer patients, providing a noninvasive diagnostic solution for detection of disease status and monitoring treatment response. Therefore, technologies that conveniently isolate EVs with sufficient efficiency are desperately needed. Here, a lipid labeling and click chemistry‐based EV capture platform (“Click Beads”), which is ideal for EV message ribonucleic acid (mRNA) assays due to its efficient, convenient, and rapid purification of EVs, enabling downstream molecular quantification using reverse transcription digital polymerase chain reaction (RT‐dPCR) is described and demonstrated. Ewing sarcoma protein (EWS) gene rearrangements and kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) gene mutation status are detected and quantified using EVs isolated by Click Beads and matched with those identified in biopsy specimens from Ewing sarcoma or pancreatic cancer patients. Moreover, the quantification of gene alterations can be used for monitoring treatment responses and disease progression.
Social care practices and perspectives among U.S. pediatric emergency medicine fellowship programs
Authors: Assaf Raymen Rammy , Barber Doucet Hannah , Assaf Ryan David , Graff Danielle
Published: March 2022

Background

The emergence of social emergency medicine—the incorporation of social context into the structure and practice of emergency care—has brought forth greater embracement of the social determinants of health by medical professionals, yet workforce practices and training have remained elusive. Academic literature particularly in the field of pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellowship training is lacking relative to general pediatrics and adult emergency medicine.

Methods

The primary objective of this study was to assess the social care knowledge, perspectives, and training of PEM program directors (PDs) and fellows across a national cross‐sectional sample. A secondary aim was to uncover key actionable areas for the development of social care curricula in PEM training programs. A social care practices assessment tool was developed via snowball sampling interviews among clinician researcher experts and disseminated to PEM PDs and fellows nationally in accredited academic PEM training institutions.

Results

A total of 153 participants—44 PDs (49% response rate) and 109 fellows (28%)—completed the assessment tool. Responses among PDs and fellows were highly concordant. Only 12% reported regular use of a standardized social needs screening tool. The majority felt unprepared to assist families with social needs and less than half felt comfortable talking to families about social need. At the same time, social care was highly valued by 73% of participants. All participants felt that providing social care training during PEM fellowship would be beneficial. PDs and fellows identified five priority areas for PEM curricular development.

Conclusions

PEM PDs and fellows have an overall favorable perception of social care yet report significant deficits in current practice organization and training. This study is part of a larger national collaborative advocacy project to organize and advance social care delivery across academic PEM training institutions through evidence‐based approaches, best practices, and expert consensus.