bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Habitat Selection Differences of Two Sympatric Large Carnivores in the Southwestern Mountains of China
Authors: Tian Teng teng , Chen Xing , Pan Han , Jin Yu yi , Zhang Xiao dian , Xiang Yang , Yang Biao , Zhang Li , Song Da zhao
Published: July 2023

Large terrestrial carnivores play a crucial role in top-down control within terrestrial ecosystems, maintaining ecosystem stability and biodiversity. However, intense interspecific competition often arises among sympatric large carnivores, leading to population reductions or even extinctions. Spatial partitioning through divergent habitat selection helps mitigate such competition. In Xinlong County, Sichuan Province, we used 293 infrared cameras for monitoring from September to May 2016 and March to October 2022. By employing the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and the Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt), we developed an ensemble model predicting the suitable habitat distribution of leopards (Panthera pardus) and wolves (Canis lupus). We analyzed the main environmental factors influencing habitat selection and the fragmentation of suitable habitats. We found that suitable habitat distribution differed significantly between them. Both species preferred areas with gentle slopes close to settlements. While leopards' habitat selection primarily depended on the distance from settlements, the slope was predominant for wolves. Suitable habitats displayed aggregation, yet wolves exhibited higher fragmentation and more complex patch shapes, indicating greater susceptibility to human activities. These results suggest that sympatric large carnivores, such as leopards and wolves, can reduce spatial competition intensity and promote spatial partitioning by selecting divergent suitable habitats, thereby facilitating species coexistence.
Enhancing Risk Analysis toward a Landscape Digital Twin Framework: A Multi-Hazard Approach in the Context of Socio-Economic Perspective
Authors: Ugliotti Francesca Maria , Osello Anna , Daud Muhammad , Yilmaz Ozan Onur
Published: July 2023

In the last decades, climate and environmental changes have highlighted the fragility and vulnerability of the landscape, especially in mountain areas where the effects are most severe. The strategy for hazard mitigation must deploy synergistic actions based on a thorough knowledge of the territory and its phenomena to enable integrated and effective land planning and management through suitable communication tools. This study promotes the methodological setup of a Landscape Digital Twin to establish a multi-disciplinary and multi-scalar hazards overview according to a matrix framework implementable over time and space. The original contribution to the research addresses a holistic vision that combines meaningfully qualitative with quantitative approaches to generate risk maps by integrating various indicators within a multi-hazard framework from the socio-economic perspective. This contribution presents road network risk analysis by exploiting flooding and landslide scenarios. The critical road segments or nodes most vulnerable or impacted by network performance and accessibility can be identified with minimal preprocessing from credible open-source sources. The method's applicability is tested in a Piedmont Region, northern Italy case study. The integration proposed will help generate comprehensive risk analysis maps that effectively portray the interconnectedness among natural hazards, infrastructure, and socio-economic factors fostering more resilient decision-making processes.
Electrochemical Degradation of Diuron by anodic oxidation on DSA in sulfate medium
Authors: De Faria Lucas B. , Teixeira Guilhermina F. , Alves Andréia C. F. , Linares José J. , De Oliveira Sergio B. , Motheo Artur J. , Colmati Flavio
Published: July 2023

This work presents the electrochemical degradation of the herbicide Diuron by anodic oxidation on a Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2 dimensionally stable anode (DSA) using sulfate as electrolyte. The study includes the influence of the Diuron concentration and the current density on the anodic oxidation. The results evidence a first-order degradation, with the highest degradation capacity achieved at 40 mA cm2 and an initial Diuron concentration of 38 mg L1. Nevertheless, in terms of efficiency and energy demand, the operation at 10 mA cm2 is favored due to the more efficient and less energy-consuming condition. To discern the optimum design and operation conditions, this work presents the results of a preliminary technical-economical analysis, demonstrating that, to minimize the total costs of the system, it is recommended to seek the most efficient conditions, i.e., the conditions demanding the lowest applied charges with the highest Diuron degradation. At the same time, attention must be given to the required cell voltage to not increase excessively the operating costs.
Rectal Biopsy for Hirschsprung’s Disease: A Multicentre Study Involving Biopsy Technique, Pathology and Complications
Authors: Vervloet Gil , De Backer Antoine , Heyman Stijn , Leyman Paul , Cauwenberge Sebastiaan Van , Vanderlinden Kim , Vercauteren Charlotte , Vervloessem Dirk , Miserez Marc
Published: July 2023

Background: The heterogeneity of rectal biopsy techniques encourages us to search for a surgical and pathological standardisation of this diagnostic technique to exclude Hirschsprung’s disease. The varying amount of information on the anatomopathology report prompts us to compile a template concerning the anatomopathology report for diagnostic rectal biopsies for colleague surgeons and pathologists working on Hirschsprung’s disease. Methods: We gathered the anonymous biopsy information and its pathology information from five hospitals of all patients in which rectal biopsies were taken to diagnose Hirschsprung’s disease over two years (2020-2021). Results: 82 biopsies: 20 suction (24,4%), 31 punch (37.8%) and 31 open biopsies (37,8%) were taken. Of all biopsies 69 were conclusive (84,2%), 13 were not (15,8%). In the suction biopsy group 60% were conclusive, 40% not, for punch biopsy 87% and 13% respectively and for open biopsy 97% and 3%. Inconclusive results were due to insufficient submucosa in 6/8 suction biopsies, 4/4 punch and 0/1 open biopsies. An insufficient amount of submucosa was the reason for an inconclusive result in 6/20 cases (30%) after suction biopsy, 4/31 (12,9%) after punch biopsy and 0 cases (0%) after open biopsy. We had one case with major postoperative bleeding post suction biopsy; there were no further adverse effects after biopsy. Conclusions: Diagnostic rectal biopsies in children are safe. Non-surgical biopsies are more likely to give inconclusive results, due to less submucosa present in the specimen. Open biopsies are especially useful when previous non-surgical biopsies are inconclusive. An experienced pathologist is a key factor for the result. The anatomopathology report should specify the different layers present in the specimen, the presence of ganglion cells and hypertrophic nerve fibers, their description and a conclusion.
Functional Continuous Uncertainty Principle
Authors: KRISHNA K. MAHESH
Published: July 2023

Let $(\Omega, \mu)$, $(\Delta, \nu)$ be measure spaces. Let $(\{f_\alpha\}_{\alpha\in \Omega}, \{\tau_\alpha\}_{\alpha\in \Omega})$ and $(\{g_\beta\}_{\beta\in \Delta}, \{\omega_\beta\}_{\beta\in \Delta})$ be continuous p-Schauder frames for a Banach space $\mathcal{X}$. Then for every $x \in \mathcal{X}\setminus\{0\}$, we show that \begin{align}\label{CUE} \mu(\operatorname{supp}(\theta_f x))^\frac{1}{p} \nu(\operatorname{supp}(\theta_g x))^\frac{1}{q} \geq \frac{1}{\displaystyle\sup_{\alpha \in \Omega, \beta \in \Delta}|f_\alpha(\omega_\beta)|}, \quad \nu(\operatorname{supp}(\theta_g x))^\frac{1}{p} \mu(\operatorname{supp}(\theta_f x))^\frac{1}{q}\geq \frac{1}{\displaystyle\sup_{\alpha \in \Omega , \beta \in \Delta}|g_\beta(\tau_\alpha)|}. \end{align} where \begin{align*} &\theta_f: \mathcal{X} \ni x \mapsto \theta_fx \in \mathcal{L}^p(\Omega, \mu); \quad \theta_fx: \Omega \ni \alpha \mapsto (\theta_fx) (\alpha):= f_\alpha (x) \in \mathbb{K},\\ &\theta_g: \mathcal{X} \ni x \mapsto \theta_gx \in \mathcal{L}^p(\Delta, \nu); \quad \theta_gx: \Delta \ni \beta \mapsto (\theta_gx) (\beta):= g_\beta (x) \in \mathbb{K} \end{align*} and $q$ is the conjugate index of $p$. We call Inequality (\ref{CUE}) as \textbf{Functional Continuous Uncertainty Principle}. It improves the Functional Donoho-Stark-Elad-Bruckstein-Ricaud-Torr\'{e}sani Uncertainty Principle obtained by M. Krishna in \textit{[arXiv:2304.03324v1, 2023]}. It also answers a question asked by Prof. Philip B. Stark to the author.
Theoretical Proposal for a New Model of Cylindrical Biogas Combustion Cook Stove
Authors: Bagaya Noufou , Ouédraogo Issaka , Koumbem Windé Nongué Daniel , Baldé Younoussa Moussa , Diop Sette , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2023

The cook stove is usually constructed from black-painted sheet metal, to better absorb energy. To enhance thermal performance, a theoretical cylindrical design is proposed in this article. This article aims to study this design and compare its performance with the conical design. Theoretical modeling of the cook stove was carried out considering heat transfer by radiation, convection, and conduction based on a steady-state thermal network, and solved using the Matlab R2021b® platform under license (License No. 595687). The result of the theoretical analysis predicts a theoretical efficiency of 65%, a pot air temperature Tf=220oC and a flame temperature Ta=900oC. Similarly, a validation with Sagouong's model on combustion chamber temperature and Kaushik's model on thermal efficiency. A maximum threshold (RMSE)  of 4% is observed between the two studies. The Tc temperature stagnates rapidly within 5 minutes at 600oC and the comparison showed that the firing temperatures of the cylindrical shape are higher than those of the conical-shaped cook stove. Consequently, the performance of the cylindrical-shaped cooking stove can be improved by further experimentation and flue gas analysis.
Stephen Hawking's Atheist View on Science ; A Critics from Philosophy of Islamic Education
Authors: Hamka Syamsuar Hamka , Aswar Aswar , Fatahuddin Askar
Published: July 2023

Religions, for most western scientists, do not develop linearly with science. Because since the beginning, religion has been removed from the world of scientific research. Efforts to approach nature are freed from metaphysical elements, which according to al-Attas, Nature is no longer considered sacred. As a result, it is permissible to act freely against nature. Nature is only limited to the framework of mechanistic philosophy which furthermore becomes the philosophical foundation for the development of modern science. This study examines the implications of Stephen Hawking's Atheist View on Science for the modern education in Indonesia according to The Philosophy of Islamic Education. This research begins with data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions based on a combination of information about the object of research after analyzing Hawking's atheist view on science and its implications for the modern education in Indonesia according to The Philosophy of Islamic Education. This research shows that, according to Hawking, the only instrument that can explain the nature of the universe is science. And in the creation of the universe, there was no need for an entity called God. Consequently, Stephen Hawking's atheist view towards science has profound implications for 1) the purpose of education. With the concept of nature based on atheism, the purpose of education will also potentially remove the element of God from the equation. 2) the curriculum. An education system built on reduced epistemological concepts will end up with the marginalization of metaphysics. 3) the educational approaches. Approaches to science that are based on atheism do not touch the moral-religious aspects. 4) evaluation system. An evaluation system that is based on atheism will also result in an assessment that emphasizes more on cognitive aspects and tends to ignore aspects of morals and manners.
Islamic Education Institutions During The Bone Kingdom Period (Study of The Role of Andi Mappanyukki Sultan Ibrahim Bone Kingdom XXXII)
Authors: Abubakar Abubakar , Rama Bahaking , Alang Sattu , Umar M. Shabir
Published: July 2023

The existence of an educational institution is considered to be very influential on the level of understanding and practice of Islamic teachings during the time of Andi Mappanyukki Sultan Ibrahim Kingdom Bone XXXII. This paper tries to trace the role of Andi Mappanyukki Sultan Ibrahim in developing Islamic educational institutions in the Kingdom of Bone and Islamic educational institutions during the time of Andi Mappanyukki Sultan Ibrahim. This type of research is a qualitative field through observation, interviews, documentation, and reference searches. The results of this study indicate that the role of Andi Mappanyukki in forming Sultan Ibrahim in developing Islamic institutions in the Bone Kingdom included socio-religious organizations, educating the Bone kingdom, bring scholars, and Islamic educational institutions. Informal education at the time of Andi Mappanyukki had formal Islamic educational institutions namely al-Madrasah al-Amīriyyah al-Islamiyyah Watampone, non-formal Islamic education institutions were recitations at the Old Mosque (al-Mujahidin), Watampone Great Mosque, Cabalu Mosque, Palakka Mosque, Macege Mosque, Awangpone Mosque, Cenrana Mosque, and the Ulama's House. Relics of the past or commonly called the culture of the end, is a very important thing to know the behavior and activities of humans in their time.
A Case of Angioedema and Urticaria in a Patient with Adult-Onset Still's Disease Receiving a TNF-alpha Inhibitor
Authors: Nguyen Tien , Dargham Bassel , Jackson Nicola , Ware Avis
Published: July 2023

Background
Adult-onset Still’s Disease (AOSD) is a rare multisystemic autoinflammatory disorder of unknown etiology usually affecting young adults and is characterized by spiking fever, polyarthritis and evanescent salmon pink rash. Recently, multiple new treatments including IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-18 inhibitors as well as TNF alpha inhibitors have been suggested for patients resistant to conventional glucocorticoid therapy. We present an unusual case of a patient who was diagnosed with AOSD and treated with infliximab. Treatment course was complicated by drug induced lupus, periorbital angioedema and urticaria.
Case Presentation
A previously healthy 20-year-old female presented with a 10-day history of recurrent fevers, rash, polyarthritis and an intermittent pink, patchy, non-raised rash on her arms, neck, and face. Physical exam revealed synovitis in her bilateral elbows, wrists, knees, and ankles. Workup was significant for ANA 1:80 (Negative < 1:80), ferritin > 4500 ng/ml (normal range 11-306.8), soluble IL-2R 2221 U/ml (normal range 45-1105), CRP 171.5 mg/L (normal range 1-10), ESR 23 mm/hr (normal range 0-20), and normal C3 and C4. She was diagnosed with adult Still’s disease and treated with glucocorticoids followed by methotrexate and plaquenil without resolution of her symptoms. Her treatment was escalated to infliximab 3 mg/kg to which she responded well.
Eight months later, the patient developed periorbital swelling, malar rash, and eyelid rash. We suspected that the patient developed drug induced lupus and we discontinued Infliximab for Actemra infusions with improvement of her arthritis and rash. However, she continued to have episodes of urticaria with left upper eyelid swelling. Urticaria workup was remarkable for a low quantitative C1 esterase inhibitor, though previously normal. She was referred to allergy and was diagnosed with hereditary angioedema.
Conclusions
Drug-induced lupus is a well-recognized complication of TNF alpha inhibitor therapy. Although less commonly reported, angioedema and urticaria should also be recognized as potential complications. In these patients, treatment should be promptly discontinued to avoid life threatening complications such as laryngeal edema. Angioedema and urticaria are rare cutaneous manifestations of AOSD and recognition of this clinical variant is important in the differential diagnosis of unexplained angioedema.
Exosomes derived from HIF-1α modified adipose mesenchymal stem cell- ameliorates pulmonary vascular remodeling via upregulating FOXO1 in mice with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Chai Mingming , Sun Yonghong , Lei Xiaoyan , Chen Xingxing , Gao Mingdong , Cao Yunshan , Sai Yipa , Bao Baixin , Chen Lili
Published: July 2023

Increasing evidence suggests that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) execute their paracrine effects via the secretion of exosomes, especially under hypoxic conditions. HIF-1α played a critical role in regulating the cellular response to hypoxia and promoting tissue repair through various mechanisms. In present study, we want to assess whether ADSCs derived extracellular vesicles (ADSCs-EVs) could extenuate hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and the role of exosomes derived from HIF-1α modified (Exos-HIF-1α) in endothelial cell (EC) function. Exosomes were isolated from cell culture supernatants and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was attenuated in mice treated with Exos-HIF-1α. Exos-HIF-1α showed a protective role in hypoxia induction led to HPMECs injury and induced autophagy, which were reversed by 3-MA treatment (an autophagy inhibitor). Bioinformatic analyses indicated that FOXO signal pathway and FOXO1 were involved in endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, deletion of FOXO1 or pharmacological inhibition of FOXO1 reduced the effects of Exos-HIF-1α under hypoxia in vitro. In addition, FOXO1 overexpression showed the similar protective impacts on HPMECs injury and autophagy upon hypoxia. Our findings indicated that FOXO1 contributed a crucial role in Exos-HIF-1α in maintaining endothelial function and pulmonary artery remodeling in PAH.
Modelling Transient Mixed Convection Flow in a Vertical Micro-Annulus with Internal Heat Generation and Temperature-Dependent Viscosity
Authors: Mkpedem Kufre , Durojaye Mary
Published: July 2023

This paper presents an analytical solutions for describing transient mixed convection flow and heat transfer in a vertical micro-annulus with internal heat generation and temperaturedependent viscosity. The model formulated taking into consideration the viscous energy dissipation. The outer wall of the annulus is assumed to be impermeable. The governing equations formulated based on the conservation of momentum and energy were solved analytically using polynomial approximation method. The results obtained are presented graphically and discussed. The results revealed the effects of operating parameters on the flow and heat transfer in an annulus. Our findings showed that there is an inverse relationship between the fluid temperature and fluid velocity. This results might be used for interpretation or experiments planning of the more complex flow and heat transfer processes.
Effects of Environmental Exposure to Iron Powder in Healthy and Elastase-Exposed Mice
Authors: Galli Thiago Tafarel , Campos Elaine Cristina , Camargo Leandro do Nascimento , Fukuzaki Silvia , Santos Tabata Marayama dos , Hamaguchi Sara Sumie Sobral , Bezerra Suellen Karoline Moreira , Silva Fabio José Alencar , Rezende Bianca Goulart , Lopes Fernanda Tenório Quirino dos Santos , Olivo Clarice Rosa , Saraiva-Romanholo Beatriz Mangueira , Prado Carla Máximo , Leick Edna Aparecida , Bourotte Christine L.M. , Benseñor Isabela Judith Martins , Lotufo Paulo Andrade , Righetti Renato Fraga , Tibério Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo
Published: July 2023

Background: Prolonged exposure to iron powder and other mineral dusts can harm affected populations, especially those with COPD. The goal of this study was to see how environmental exposure to metal dust affected lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress responses, and elastase in mice in two different mining centers in Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Methods: This study utilized 72 male C57Bl/6 mice (36 summer and 36 winter), which were divided into six groups: control, non-exposed (SAL); non-exposed, given elastase (ELA); exposed to metal powder at a mining company (SAL-L1 and ELA-L1); and exposed to a location three miles away from the mining company (SAL-L2 and ELA-L2) for four weeks. On the 29th day of the protocol, the researchers assessed lung mechanics, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress, and alveolar wall alterations (mean linear intercept – Lm).
Results: ELA, ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 had an increase in Lm compared to the SAL groups (p<0.05). There was an increase in total cells and macrophages in ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Exposed groups (ELA-L1, ELA-L2, SAL-L1, and SAL-L2) had an increase in cell expression of Inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and neutrophils) (p<0.05); remodeling markers (TIMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-12, TGF-β, collagen fibers and MUC5AC); oxidative stress (iNOS); and mechanisms involved (NFkB) increased compared to ELA and SAL (p<0.05). Although we did not find differences in lung mechanics across all groups, there were low to moderate correlations between these parameters (elastance and resistance of lung tissue) (p0.05).
Conclusions: Aside from lung mechanics, environmental exposure to iron and metal powder exacerbated inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress responses in exposed mice with and without emphysema. The mechanisms involved are dependent on iNOS and NFkB activation.
Real-time laser speckle contrast imaging for intraoperative neurovascular blood flow assessment. Animal experimental study.
Authors: Konovalov Anton , Grebenev Fyodor , Stavtsev Dmitry , Kozlov Igor , Gadjiagaev Vadim , Piavchenko Gennadii , Telyshev Dmitry , Gerasimenko Alexander , Meglinski Igor , Eliava Shalva , Zalogin Savely , Artemyev Anton , Golodnev Grigorii , Shumeiko Tatiana
Published: July 2023

The use of various blood flow control methods in neurovascular interventions is crucial for reducing postoperative complications. Neurosurgeons worldwide use different methods, such as contact Dopplerography, intraoperative indocianine videoangiography (ICG) video angiography, fluorescein angiography, flowmetry, intraoperative angiography, direct angiography, etc. However, there is no noninvasive method that can assess the presence of blood flow in the vessels of the brain without the introduction of fluorescent substances throughout the intervention. The real-time laser-speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) method was studied for its effectiveness in controlling blood flow in standard cerebrovascular surgery cases in rat common carotid arteries, such as proximal occlusion, trapping, reperfusion, anastomosis, and intraoperative vessel thrombosis. The real-time LSCI method is a promising method for use in neurosurgical practice. It allows timely diagnosis of intraoperative disturbance of blood flow in the vessels in case of clip occlusion or thrombosis. Additionally, LSCI allows us to reliably confirm the functioning of the anastomosis and reperfusion after removal of the clips and thrombolysis in real time. An unresolved limitation of the method is noise from movements, but this does not reduce the value of the method. Additional research is required to improve the quality of the data obtained.
Combustion modeling for non-premixed twin jet flow propane and methanol
Authors: Yaseen Mohamed M. S. , Attia Ahmed A. , El-Dosouky M. W. , Elsemary Ismail M. M.
Published: July 2023

In the present study, ANSYS Fluent Computational Fluid Dynamics is utilized to analyses the non-premixed twin jet flow for propane and methanol gas mixture in a combustion chamber the process takes place in species transport and finite rate/eddy dissipation is used, and the flow assumed to turbulent and k-Ɛ realizable is occupied. The effect of changed velocities in the inlet of pipe air and jet fuel and changes of shapes of jets like circular, rectangle, triangle, star, and square on the combustion process is enhanced. the temperature and species mass fraction as well as their contours are presented. Also, the heat release rate and combustion efficiency, and equivalent ratios.
Simultaneous genome-wide haplotyping and copy number detection enables universal equine preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: De Coster Tine , Zhao Yan , Tsuiko Olga , Demyda-Peyràs Sebastián , Soom Ann Van , Vermeesch Joris , Smits Katrien
Published: July 2023

In different species, embryonic chromosomal aneuploidies are a major cause of developmental failure. The increasing number of equine embryos being produced worldwide provides the opportunity to characterize and rank or select embryos based on their genetic profile prior to transfer. Here, we explore the possibility of generic, genome-wide preimplantation genetic testing concurrently for aneuploidies (PGT-A), monogenic (PGT-M) and polygenic (PGT-P) traits and diseases in the horse. To this end, over 70,000 single nucleotide polymorphism positions were genotyped in 14 trophectoderm biopsies and corresponding biopsied blastocysts, and in 26 individual cells from six arrested embryos. Subsequently, concurrent genome-wide copy number detection and haplotyping by haplarithmisis was performed and the inherited parental haplotypes for four common disease-associated genes with high carrier frequency in different horse breeds (GBE1, PLOD1, B3GALNT2, MUTYH), and for one color coat-associated gene (STX17) were determined and compared in biopsy-blastocyst combinations. The inherited parental haplotypes for loci of interest and the euploid (n = 12) or aneuploid (n = 2) state of the biopsied whole embryos were predicted by the biopsy samples in all successfully analyzed embryos. Two biopsies showed a loss of maternal chromosome 28 and 31, respectively, which were confirmed in the corresponding blastocysts. In one of those biopsies, additional complex aneuploidies not present in the blastocyst were found. Five out of six arrested embryos contained chromosomal and/or genome-wide errors in most of their cells, demonstrating the contribution of aneuploidy to equine embryonic arrest in vitro. The application of universal PGT would allow to select equine embryos devoid of genetic errors and pathogenetic variants, and with the variants of interest, which will improve foaling rate and horse quality. We believe this approach will be a gamechanger in horse breeding.
Built environments to support rehabilitation for people with stroke from the hospital to the home (B-Sure): Protocol for a mixed-method participatory co- design study
Authors: Kylén Maya , Lipson-Smith Ruby , Vries Laila , Sturge Jodi , Pessah-Rasmussen Helene , Schmidt Steven M. , Svensson Tony , Bernhardt Julie , Elf Marie
Published: July 2023

Background
While the global trend is to shift rehabilitation closer to people's homes, the role of the non-hospital environment in stroke recovery has been understudied. This unique project aims to address this gap, understanding its crucial to successfully transition health services to local settings. We intend to develop models of built environments that enhance stroke rehabilitation and everyday activities, encouraging a 'taking charge' approach for persons with stroke.
Methods and analysis
This mixed-method project proceeds in three phases. Phase one identifies rehabilitation-supportive environmental factors. Phase two co-designs prototypes based on these findings, with the third phase evaluating the prototypes. Research methods include literature review, concept mapping, stakeholder interviews, prototype development, and testing. Quantitative data will be processed using multidimensional scaling, hierarchical cluster analysis, and descriptive statistics, while qualitative data will be subjected to content analysis. Location analyses will incorporate qualitative GIS data models.
Discussion
We seek to determine how supportive environments can facilitate patients' control over their rehabilitation process, daily activities, and recovery goals. This 'taking charge' approach is key to bringing care closer to home. By co-designing with multiple stakeholders, we aim for rapid solution implementation. The project's outcomes may extend to other frail or older individuals post-hospital stay in Sweden and elsewhere.
Impact
This groundbreaking project encourages key stakeholder collaboration to explore how new environments can expedite the transition to local healthcare. It also entails co-designing and testing new conceptual models of environments to promote health and well-being in post-stroke individuals.
Observation of transition from superfluorescence to polariton condensation in CsPbBr3 quantum dots film
Authors: Sun Zheng , Mao Danqun , Chen Linqi , Zhang Min , Shi Zhe-Yu , Hu Yongsheng , Zhang Long , Wu Jian , Dong Hongxing , Xie Wei , Xu Hongxing
Published: July 2023

The superfluorescence effect has received extensive attention due to the many-body physics of quantum correlation in dipole gas and the optical applications of ultrafast bright radiation field based on the cooperative quantum state. Here, we demonstrate not only to observe the superfluorescence effect but also to control the cooperative state of the excitons ensemble by externally applying a regulatory dimension of coupling light fields. A new quasi-particle called cooperative exciton-polariton is revealed in a light-matter hybrid structure of a perovskite quantum dot thin film spin-coated on a Distributed Bragg Reflector. Above the nonlinear threshold, polaritonic condensation occurs at a nonzero momentum state on the lower polariton branch owning to the vital role of the synchronized excitons. The phase transition from superfluorescence to polariton condensation exhibits typical signatures of a decrease of the linewidth, an increase of the macroscopic coherence as well as an accelerated radiation decay rate. These findings are promising for opening new potential applications for super-brightness and unconventional coherent light sources and could enable the exploitation of cooperative effects for quantum optics.
Color discrimination in low birth weight schoolchildren
Authors: Ferraz Nívea , Sacai Paula , Lapa Maria Cecília , Puccini Rosana
Published: July 2023

Background/Objectives: To evaluate color discrimination in low birth weight (LBW) healthy schoolchildren.
Subjects/Methods: LBW children aged 5-11 years and school, grade, sex and age matched term (birth weight ≥2500g) controls from 14 randomly selected public schools from a low-income region were tested. Participants underwent the assessment of visual acuity, ocular motility and color discrimination (Farnsworth D-15 test). Color score and interocular color score difference were compared between the groups. The multiple logistic regression model was performed to analyze the association between color deficit and birth weight, adjusting for age range, sex, strabismus and visual acuity.
Results: 291 LBW children (mean±SD age =8.5±1.3 yrs; range 5.7-10.7 yrs; 55.7% females) and 267 controls (mean±SD age=8.5±1.4 yrs; range 5.0-11.8 yrs; 56.1% females) were examined. Dyschromatopsias were detected in 10% of LBW children and 8% of controls, caused mainly by diffuse and tritan defects. Color score was comparable between the groups and color deficit was significantly associated with age (p<0.01) and visual acuity (p<0.01). Interocular color score difference was statistically larger (p<0.05) in LBW group, and also the frequencies of strabismus and amblyopia were higher in this group.
Conclusions: Vast majority of low birth weight schoolchildren presented normal color discrimination, but their interocular color score difference was larger than the controls.
Synergistic effects of nanosecond pulsed plasma and electric field on inactivation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Oshin Edwin A. , Minhas Zobia , Biancatelli Ruben M. L. Colunga , Catravas John D. , Heller Richard , Guo Siqi , Jiang Chunqi
Published: July 2023

Nanosecond pulsed atmospheric pressure plasma jets (ns-APPJs) produce reactive plasma species, including charged particles and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which can induce oxidative stress in biological cells. Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) has also been found to cause permeabilization of cell membranes and induce apoptosis or cell death. Combining the treatment of ns-APPJ and nsPEF may enhance the effectiveness of cancer cell inactivation with only moderate doses of both treatments. Employing ns-APPJ powered by 9 kV, 200 ns pulses at 2 kHz and 60-nsPEF of 50 kV/cm at 1 Hz, the synergistic effects on pancreatic cancer cells (Pan02) in vitro were evaluated on cell viability and transcellular electrical resistance (TER). It was observed that treatment with ns-APPJ for > 2 min disrupts Pan02 cell stability and resulted in over 30% cell death. Similarly, applying nsPEF alone, > 20 pulses resulted in over 15% cell death. While the inactivation activity from the individual treatment is moderate, combined treatments resulted in 80% cell death, approximately 3-to-5-fold increase compared to the individual treatment. In addition, reactive oxygen species such as OH and O were identified at the plasma-liquid interface. The gas temperature of the plasma and the temperature of the cell solution during treatments were determined to be near room temperature. * Work supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award number 1R01EB023878-01A1 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research of the United States of America (AFOSR) under award number FA9550-22-1-0115 and FA9550-22-1-0428. The funders had no role in study design, collection of data, decision to publish, or in preparation of this manuscript. In addition, effort of ZM and SG are supported by the Old Dominion University Multi-disciplinary Biomedical Research Seed Fund.
Cross-modal plasticity in children with cochlear implant: converging evidence from EEG and fNIRS
Authors: Deroche Mickael , Wolfe Jace , Neumann Sara , Manning Jacy , Hanna Lindsay , Towler Will , Wilson Caleb , Bien Alexander , Miller Sharon , Schafer Erin , Gemignani Jessica , Alemi Razieh , Muthuraman Muthuraman , Koirala Nabin , Gracco Vincent
Published: July 2023

Over the first years of life, the brain undergoes substantial organization in response to environmental stimulation. In a silent world, it may promote vision by 1) recruiting resources from the auditory cortex and 2) making the visual cortex more efficient. It is unclear when such changes occur and how adaptive they are, questions that children with cochlear implants (CI) can help address. Here, we examined 7 to 18 years old children: 50 had CIs, with delayed or age-appropriate language abilities, and 25 had typical hearing and language. High-density electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were used to evaluate cortical responses to a low-level visual task. Evidence for aweaker visual cortex response(in EEG) andreduced inhibition of auditory association areas(in EEG and fNIRS) in the CI children with language delays suggests that cross-modal reorganization can be maladaptive and does not necessarily strengthen the dominant visual sense.
Etomidate protects retinal ganglion cells from H 2 O 2 - induced injured via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Fan Degang , Zhang XinChao , You Siwei , Kuang Fang , Wu Mingmei
Published: July 2023

Background
Our previous research provided an experimental basis for etomidate (ET) to treat optic nerve (ON) injuries. However, the mechanism of ET action in anti-oxidative stress remains unclear and requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine whether ET has a protective effect on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) injured by H2O2 and to explore ET's possible anti-oxidative stress mechanism.
Methods
Cultured RGCs were identified using the double immunofluorescent labeling of Thy1.1 and Microtubule association protein-2. An H2O2-induced RGCs oxidative stress injury model was established in vitro. Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of ET (1, 5, and 10 µmol/L) for 4 hours, followed by further exposure to H2O2 at 1000 µmol/L. CCK-8 and Annexin V/PI assay were applied to detect the RGCs viability and apoptosis rate at 12, 24, and 48 hours after H2O2 stimulation. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) in culture media were measured at these time points. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to observe the effects of ET on the mRNA and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase1 (GPX1) and acrolein in RGCs at 12, 24, and 48 hours after H2O2 stimulation and in the retina at 12 hours after optic nerve transection (ONT).
Results
The viability of RGCs was increased significantly with 5 and 10 µM of ET. The qRT-PCR showed that iNOS expression was decreased and Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were increased in RGCs and retinas with ET. The Western blot showed that the expressions of iNOS and acrolein were decreased, and the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased in RGCs with ET at 12, 24, and 48 hours after H2O2 stimulation and in the retina with ET at 12 hours after ONT.
Conclusion
ET has a neuroprotective effect in primary cultured RGCs injured by H2O2. The effect of ET was dose-dependent being greatest at 10 µM. ET plays an antioxidant role by inhibiting iNOS, up-regulating Nrf2/HO-1, decreasing the production of acrolein, and increasing acrolein scavenging.
Uptake of biocrust nitrogen by tree crops in a sandy soil agroecosystem
Authors: Nevins Clayton J. , Strauss Sarah L. , Inglett Patrick W.
Published: July 2023

Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are widespread in dryland ecosystems worldwide and were only recently discovered in agroecosystems. Agroecosystem biocrusts complete biological nitrogen (N) fixation, therefore, this research investigated if biocrust N could be released to biocrust subsoil and assimilated by a perennial tree crop. Biocrust was pulse labeled with 15NH4Cl (15N) in the greenhouse for eight weeks prior to application in a citrus (Citrus spp.) orchard in Southwest Florida, USA. Patches of labeled biocrust were applied to twelve citrus trees in September, with twelve trees in the same orchard not receiving biocrust (controls). The 15N in the biocrust, subsoil, crop fibrous roots, and crop leaves was quantified at seven dates leading up to fruit harvest 158 days after application. Sampling dates overlapped with citrus root (September-October) and shoot (March) flush periods. Isotopically labeled biocrust N was present in subsoil and crop roots one day after biocrust application and in leaves after three days. Results revealed that N was released from biocrust at a rate of 0.63% 15N released per day leading up to fruit harvest when 91.7% of 15N had been released. The amount of biocrust 15N in the fibrous roots increased during a root flush period (September-October) until 28 days after biocrust application and then decreased leading up to a leaf flush period and fruit harvest. Approximately 23.8% of total biocrust 15N was in the crop tissue at fruit harvest. Overall, these results indicate agroecosystem biocrusts have the potential to support tree crop growth during N demanding growth stages.
WITHDRAWN: Bio-hardening of in vitro raised plants of Geneva (G.) series clonal rootstocks of apple (Malus X domestica Borkh.)
Authors: Manzoor Ikra , Sultan Rania Mohammad Sabri , Kumar Amit , Abidi Ishfaq. A. , Mir M. A. , Lone Showkat A , Iesa Mohamed A. M. , Tarique Mohammed , Nazim Naveena , Dar Showket Ahmad , Youssef Rawa
Published: July 2023

Background:The success of tissue culture-raised plantlets lies in their transfer from in vitro to in vivo phase as the step of hardening helps to improve the adaptive behavior of in vitro grown plantlets to the natural environment. But the overall success rates are quite low.
ResultsThe present research has been done through bio-inoculation of two apple clonal rootstocks viz., G.41 and G.214 during hardening with Phosphate Solubilizing bacteria(B1) containing Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus polymyxawith four concentrations prepared by dissolving 1.0 ml,2.0ml,3.0ml and 4.0ml liquid formulation of Phosphate Solubilizing bacteria solution separately in 10.0 ml distilled water and adding that mixture to ellepot medium with cocopeat moss and Vascular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (B2) containing mycorrhizal propagules @ 60 spores/g with four concentrations prepared by dissolving 1.0 mg,2.0mg,3.0mg and 4.0mg powdered formulation of Vascular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza separately in 10.0 ml distilled water and adding that mixture to ellepot medium with cocopeat moss.
Conclusion: After comparing two different bio-inoculants on two different rootstocks, it was found that out of the two rootstocks,G.41 showed maximum hardening with 4.0 ml of Phosphate Solubilizing bacteria than G.214.Meanwhile, G.214 depicted maximum hardening rates with 2.0 mg of Vascular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza than G.214.Thus, a protocol has been standardized for improving the hardening success under in vivo conditions for commercial purposes in both rootstocks.
circ_0000515 promotes invasion and migration of breast cancer by attenuating MDM2-mediated FUS ubiquitination and degradation
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Chen Wenyan , Qi Yu , Zhu Yongqian
Published: July 2023

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second lethal cancer with the highest and rising morbidity in females. Emerging evidences have illustrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of BC. However, the specific functions and underlying mechanistic involvement of circ_0000515 in BC have not yet been explored.
Methods: Three BC datasets (GES101123, GES165884, and GES182471) from the NCBI GEO database were screened to identify differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs). Then transwell and wound healing assays were performed to determinethe function of circ_0000515 in BC. The identification of downstream targets of circ_0000515 was performed using bioinformatics methods. RNA-pulldown assays, RIP assay, and CO-IP were further employed to identify the critical signaling pathway regulated by circ_0000515. Finally, rescue experiments were employed to confirm the connection between circ_0000515 and FUS in BC metastasis.
Results: Circ_0000515 of a total of 49 DEcircRNAs was identified in BC datasets. Interestingly, the abundance of circ_0000515 was significantly increased in BC cells. Loss-of-functional experiments in vitro showed silencing circ_0000515 inhibited the invasion, migration and EMT process of BC. Mechanically, circ_0000515 stabilized the expression of FUS by impeding the interplay between FUS and MDM2, thereby protecting FUS from proteasomal degradation. Interestingly, we identified that FUS knockdown dramatically alleviated the promotive effect of circ_0000515 on BC metastasis.
Conclusion: Circ_0000515 promoted invasion and migration of BC by attenuating MDM2-mediated FUS ubiquitination and degradation, and might function as a biomarker and therapeutic target for BC.
Visualizing the Unseen: 3D Cell Microscopy Through Virtual Reality
Authors: Gaona Jheyson , Quevedo Sebastian , Villota Wellington , Cabrera Augusto
Published: July 2023

This research presents an immersive virtual laboratory for cellular study and microscopy utilizing Virtual Reality (VR) technologies. This project entails a thorough examination of the operation of a real-world microscope, followed by replicating its functionalities within a virtual environment. We strive to create an engaging and pedagogically sound learning experience by incorporating multi-modal cues and interactive activities. Our developed virtual laboratory exhibits a variety of cell types—including human, animal, and plant cells—enabling learners to visualize and manipulate these cells. Our research highlights the effectiveness of user-friendly, intuitive interfaces in enhancing cellular visualization.Additionally, the system features interactive educational activities, such as puzzles and games, designed to promote a deeper understanding and long-term retention of cellular components. We also implemented strategies to mitigate VR-induced side effects, like motion sickness, ensuring a smooth learning experience. The resulting immersive laboratory protects students from the risk of damaging physical equipment and promotes a robust understanding of the subject matter. This paper offers valuable insights into the development of a practical virtual laboratory, acting as a helpful guide for future educational VR applications.
Effect of COVID-19 lock down on teenage pregnancies in Northern Uganda: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Alunyo Jimmy Patrick , Mukunya David , Napyo Agnes , Matovu Joseph , Okia David , Benon Wanume , Okello Francis , Tuwa Ally Hassan , Wenani Daniel , Omara Godfrey , Okibure Ambrose , Olupot-Olupot Peter
Published: July 2023

Background: Pregnancy and childbirth complications are the leading cause of death among girls aged 15–19 years globally, with LMICs accounting for 99% of global maternal deaths of women aged 15–49 years (2). Despite teenage pregnancies decline in many developing countries in recent years, the COVID-19 period intensified the problem and altered the trend for most countries, we determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on teenage pregnancies trend in Pakwach district Uganda.
Methods: Using the Interrupted time series analysis (ITS), sometimes known as quasi-experimental time series analysis, which is a method of statistical analysis that involve tracking a long-term period before and after a point of intervention. We constructed a time series of first ANC service utilization records for girls aged 10-19 years in Pakwach district and conducted an interrupted series analysis to determine the effect of COVID-19 lockdown on teenage pregnancy in Pakwach district, northern Uganda. We compared the two periods of March 2019 to March 2020 and March 2020 t0 March 2021.
Results: Teenage pregnancy trend before the lockdown was decreasing by -0.203 pregnancies per month, but in the first month after the institution of the lockdown (March 20th 2020), there was an increase in the teenage pregnancy rate of 13.9 pregnancies: 95%CI (-33.6 to 61.5) which corresponds to an increase in the monthly trend in teenage pregnancies (relative to the period before COVID-19 lockdown trend) of 1.53 girls per month. Therefore, our finding showed that in this population of Pakwach, the COVID-19 lockdown contributed an 8% increase in teenage pregnancies although the findings were imprecise.
Conclusion: Teenage pregnancies increased during the lockdown, and for our study area Pakwach, there was an 8% increase. This slight increase depicted the impact of the pandemic on the teenage pregnancy trend associated with COVID-19 outbreak. The government needs to focus on intervention on reducing this trend to avoid any further increase.