bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of internal pressure and thickness on the creep strain of the superheater pipes
Authors: Riyadi Tri Widodo Besar , Fatuloh Sopyan Sahid
Published: October 2020

Superheater pipes in turbines commonly are used to produce superheated steam. Internal pressure is critical for steam superheater elements. The pipes in such applications are vulnerable to temperature environments, which can bring the component to enter the creep regime, creep deformation, or even creep fracture. In general, most of the failures in boilers are caused by creep. Creep-resistant materials used in facilities operated at high temperatures must, therefore, be able to withstand the highest possible temperature loads. This study aims to investigate the creep behaviour of a 617 alloys steel steam pipe, which operated within 100,000 hours. The temperature of steam was set at 700?C, and the pressure in the pipe was 35 MPa. Abaqus software based on the finite element method was used in the study. The effect of internal pressure and pipe thickness on the creep strains was observed. The variation of the internal pressure was 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, and 45 MPa. Whereas, the thickness variations were 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 mm. The simulation results revealed that an increase in the internal pressure and the decrease of the pipe thickness increase the creep strain. This study can be used to predict the possibility of creep damaged for the superheater pipes operated at high temperatures, which have different thicknesses.
Single friction plate clutch design for cars with power of 77 kW and speed of 6000 rpm using finite element method
Authors: Darmawan Agung Setyo , Syarif Junaidi , Purboputro Pramuko Ilmu , Yulianto Agus , Hamid Abdul , Noviyanto Noviyanto
Published: October 2020

A single friction plate clutch is one part of the components in a vehicle that is used to transmit power and rotation from the driveshaft to the driven shaft without slippage. This study aims to compare the results of mathematical calculations with analysis based on finite element methods in the design of a single friction plate clutch such as shaft, spline, friction plate, and spring. The analysis was carried out on the shaft made of S30C, spline made of S30C, friction plates made of steel alloy, and springs made of carbon steel. The component was drawn by Solidworks-17 software and analysed by Abaqus 6.14-5 software based on finite element methods. The study was performed by comparing the sizes of the various elements. A comparison of simulation processes using the stress concept of von-misses was conducted. The results of mathematical calculations with the simulation process were compared, and the maximum deviation was 2.881%. The deviation was considered acceptable. Based on von-misses’ maximum stress, the material was safe to use due to below the yield strength.
Bactericidal Properties of Bacillus Subtilis Nanoparticles Against Selected Human Pathogens
Authors: Daniels A. O. , Fadairo J. K. , Fashoyin A. O.
Published: October 2020

The use of biologically synthesized nanoparticles has been an area of research interest in recent times. Due to the high rate of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, there is a need to search for a more potent alternative to ineffective antibiotics. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Bacillus subtilis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Silver nanoparticles were obtained by dissolving 0.842 gram of AgNO3 silver nitrate into 100ml of B. subtilis in Mueller Hinton broth. The antibacterial susceptibility of the nanoparticles formed was carried out using standard methods. Comparative antibacterial test was also carried out using standard antibiotics The multiple antibiotic resistance index were also determined. The zones of inhibition were 29 and 12 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively after 8 hrs of nanoparticle synthesis. The antibiotic susceptibility test using standard antibiotics revealed that S. aureus was sensitive to only Erythromycin and ofloxacin with a zone of inhibition of 15mm and 9mm respectively while P. aeruginosa was sensitive only to ofloxacin. The Multiple resistance index (MARi) shows P aeruginosa to have MARi of 0.9 while S, aureus has MARi of 0.82. The result indicated that B. subtilis nanoparticles presented better antibacterial properties than standard antibiotic and can be explored as a candidate for drug production to fight bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
Isolation of endophytics fungi from Cola acuminata Schott & Endl, and antifungal activity against Candida Sp
Authors: Heroine Mfouapon Mbetyoumoun , Jean Baptiste Hzounda Fokou , Victorine Lorette Yimgang , Rufin Marie Toghueo Kouipou , Pythagore Fogue Soubgwi , Pierre Eke , Fabrice Fekam Boyom , Jules-Roger Kuiate
Published: October 2020

The discovery of novel antifungal agents with low toxicity and high therapeutic efficacy is needed to overcome the limitation of the actually existing antifungal therapies. Endophytic fungi acknowledge for their outstanding ability to produce bioactive metabolites can be exploited for this purpose. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the antifungal potential of endophytic fungi leaving in tissues of Cola acuminata. Endophytic fungi associated with Cola acuminata were isolated from healthy and matured plant tissues and characterized based on their morphological and microscopic characters. Each isolated fungus was cultured on potato dextrose broth for ten days and crude extract prepared from the resulting medium after filtration. The resulting extracts were tested for their antifungal potential using broth microdilution method. One hundred and six fungal isolates were obtained from leaves, fruit, stem, stem bark, root, and root bark of C. acuminate. They belong to six genera including Aspergillus, Alternaria, Curvularia, Cunnighamella, Fusarium, Trichoderma. Non-sporulating isolates were designated as Mycelia. Out of the 106 extracts screened for their antifungal activities, 21, 13 and 43 showed antifungal activities against C.albicans NR-29450, C.parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and C.krusei ATCC 6258 respectively. Five of these isolates including Cal14, Casb122, Cab259, Cab31 and Cab244 were the most potent, inhibiting the growth of the three tested Candida species more than 85% against. Isolate Casb122 appears to be one of the most potent antifungal against Candida species (MIC 500-1000µg/mL). The results suggest that endophytic fungi from C. acuminata can produce metabolites with antifungal activity
Effect of Extended Transit and Temperature Variations on EID50 Values of Thermostable NDVI-2 Vaccines
Authors: Egbuji A. N. , Chukwuedo A. A. , Shedua L. N. , Gyallak J. K. , Swomen L. N. , Muhammad M. , Nwosuh C. I. , Enurah L. U.
Published: October 2020

Temperature alterations due to poor cold keeping condition have consistently posed a challenge to vaccines dose EID50 titre value. The sensitivity of Newcastle disease vaccine to temperature variations due to poor cold storage condition in rural settings, led to the development of the NDVI-2 thermostable vaccine, which is known to exhibit a thermostability of 3 hours at 56 °C. In this study, three Newcastle disease vaccines (NDVI-2) with EID50 titre per dose values of log10 EID50 7.7, 7.6 and 6.75 respectively from vaccine production facility at the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom Nigeria, were sent for certification at African Union laboratory at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia under cold condition; using ice packs for cold chain maintenance. Tracking of the vaccine in the course of freight to the certifying laboratory revealed changes in the original transit route by the airline and delay by custom at the receiving country port. Thus, a 12 hours transit freight was delayed for over 7 days before arrival at the certifying laboratory. Though, the EID50 titre per dose values of these vaccines were originally well above recommended EID50 5.5 per dose value by log 2.2, log 2.1 and log 1.25 for NDVI-2 respectively. Comparing these vaccines EID50 values obtained from the certifying laboratory in relation to values initially obtained by the Quality Control Division of the producing Institute (NVRI), revealed  loss of EID50  titre per dose value by log101.2, and log10 0.8 among two of the certified vaccine batches; with one of the certified vaccines retaining its original EID50 titre per dose value. This result attest that NDVI-2 thermostable vaccine produced at NVRI, Vom Nigeria are robust and of high quality. Thus, the findings of this study have further demonstrated that temperature variations, prolonged vaccine transportation under poor cold chain can affect the EID50 per dose value of a wholesome, field fit vaccine irrespective of the vaccine thermostability.
Evaluation of Impact of Cost Information System: A Case Study of Credit Institution and Construction of Houses for Navy Employees
Authors: Dos Santos Patrícia , De Oliveira Marcelo Albuquerque , Veroneze Gabriela , Pereira Marcelo
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate how Federal Government's Cost Information System (CIS) contributed positively in the decision-making of cost management in the Caixa de Construções de Casas para o Pessoal da Marinha (Credit Institution and Construction of Houses for Navy Employees). This research proposed the hypothesis that the variables of the Cost Information System (CIS), classified by this work in System Quality (SIST-Q), Information Quality (Q-INFO) and Perceived Utility (P-UTILI) generate positive effect on decision making in the more efficient allocation of expenses at federal autarchy. The study was carried out through a “Case Study”, using descriptive statistics and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis technique, based on an information systems assessment model widely studied in the literature, proposed by Delone and Mclean. The survey results suggest that there is a moderately consistent scale for measuring the effectiveness of the Cost Information System (CIS), which is made up of the three latent variables: quality of the system, quality of information and perceived utility. It was evaluated that the CIS does not produce results for cost management because the management information extracted from the system is not used for decision making by managers. Additionally, a performance indicator was suggested to monitor federal autarchy's cost management. This work suggests that new research be carried out with other organizations that use the CIS in order to better understand the needs of organizations regarding the adequacy of the System to their needs.
Proposed Strategy for Pharmaceutical Industry (Case Study: PT Bio Farma Persero)
Authors: Prayogi Reynaldy , Wandebori Harimukti
Published: October 2020

PT Bio Farma (Persero) is a state-owned company that runs its business in the pharmaceutical industry, namely Vaccines and Anti-Sera products, so it has an important role to play in improving the quality of life in Indonesia. In addition, Bio Farma already has the capability to export its products because it already has WHO pre-qualifications.

PT Bio Farma (Persero) in distributing its products has two market sectors, namely the domestic and international sectors. In running its business, the company has several busines issue, namely Halal Product Regulation, High Rate of Raw Materials, Declining of Export Sales, Polio Eradication, and Global Covid Outbreak.

To analyze the internal condition, it used PESTEL analysis, Porter Five Forces and Competitor Analysis. To analyze the external condition, it used Resource Analysis and Value Chain Analysis are used. From all of these analyzes, a SWOT Analysis will be obtained to formulate the right strategy, and to propose Corporate, Business, and Functional Strategies that can be carried out by the company.

The right corporate strategy is the Diversification Strategy, this strategy aims to develop the company's products and markets to increase its competitiveness. Meanwhile, the right Business Strategy is Integrated Cost Leadership/Differentiation, this strategy aims to provide unique value to the company's products and create value chain efficiency.
Intellectual Capital Disclosure, Good Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Asean Cross Country Analysis
Authors: Gultom Juan Barus , Gunawan Itjang. D.
Published: October 2020

This study aims to examine the impact of intellectual capital information disclosure and the application of Good Corporate Governance to the performance of companies in ASEAN countries. This study used a sample of 102 firm-year from 6 ASEAN countries 5 ASEAN countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Phlipina, Singapore and Thailand. The test result proves that intellectual capital disclosure in ASEAN able to improve company performance. In addition, this study also proves that the implementation of GCG has a positive impact on the performance of the company's operations in ASEAN. This research also proves that leverage variable has no impact to company performance. Meanwhile, company size has a positive impact on company performance.
Integrating Enterprise Risk Management with Strategic Planning for Improved Firm Performance
Authors: Kanu Mohamed Santigie
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the integration of ERM at the strategic planning stage improves a firm's financial performance measured in terms of return on assets. Many researches in the literature have focused on the determinants of ERM implementation and its effects on firm performance. In most of these studies, the ERM concept has been measured dichotomously. A comprehensive measure of ERM is used in this study from primary data gathered based on an established ERM framework. The results show that ERM implementation is not significantly related to firm performance. However, empirical evidence is provided that if ERM is integrated with strategic planning, firm performance shall significantly improve. The comprehensive ERM measure provided contributes to the literature as it enables risk practitioners to assess the level of risk management in their organizations. ERM researchers can use this measure to do away with the dichotomous ERM measure. Furthermore, the study provides evidence of strategic planning, serving as a mediator in the ERM and firm performance relationship in a less investigated context of Africa.
Cloud Computing and Student’s Record Management Efficiency in Niger Delta University
Authors: Don-solomon Amakiri , Ayawei Michael Joshua
Published: October 2020

Information is relatively the life conduit of any organization. An inappropriate management of records and the information contained therein could cost organization both operational and financial fortune. The focus of this paper was to establish the empirical link between cloud computing and student’s record management efficiency in Niger Delta University. Software as a service (Saas) and Platform as a service (Paas) were used to operationalize the predictor variable, while records accessibility and safety were used as measures of record management efficiency. 301 staffers were sampled randomly with questionnaire. Data collected was inferential analyzed using spearman rank order correlation coefficient with the aid of SPSS. Result shows high correlation amongst all variables which means that increase cloud computing practices in the institution would enhance record’s management efficiency. The study recommends therefore that management of Niger Delta University should leverage on available software service provides to store all students’ records on cloud to avoid losses of records due to flood and undue physical environmental conditions. Also, cloud computing model should be utilized for efficiency in record management to create good public image for vantage competitive edge.
The Influence of Internal and External Factors on Firm Value
Authors: Pangestuti Dewi Cahyani , Tindangen Azzahra Meirizqi Louisa
Published: October 2020

This research was conducted to analyze the effect of capital structure, liquidity, interest rates and exchange rates in influencing company value in mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). Sampling technique using a purposive sampling method the mining company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the year 2016 -2019 resulted in 37 companies that meet the criteria. Data analysis was performed using regression panel data with E-Views program 10 and a significance level of 5%. The results of the test were obtained that the capital structure influence significantly restricted a p-value of the company, liquidity does not have a significant effect on firm value, the interest rate does not have a significant effect on firm value, and the exchange rate stated with the middle rate has a significant negative effect on firm value.
Acceptance Model of Hospital Information Management System: Case of Study in Indonesia
Authors: Gomer Suko , Hasyim . , Kusumapradja Rokiah
Published: October 2020

In this digital era, Hospitals must follow the competition that demands professionally managed services which cannot be separated from the role of computer technology. Therefore, a hospital needs a management information system that can integrate all its activities in order to improve performance and services, which is better known as Hospital Information System Management (HIS). The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual application of hospital management information systems using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) method with behavior intention as the intervening variable.

This research method is done using the quantitative approach, type of causality in the form of survey, one short study time horizon in the form of a questionnaire using Path Analysis. The analysis units are 100 respondents of employees at Metropolitan Medical Centre Hospital in Jakarta, who used HIS 2020. Purposive Sampling was used as the sampling technique. The results showed that attitude towards using HIS had a positive effect on behavioral intention to use. Perceived Usefulness has a positive effect on behavioral intention to use. Perceived Ease of use has a positive effect on behavioral intention to use. Behavioral intention to use has a positive effect on actual technology to use. Attitude toward using has a positive effect on actual technology to use. Perceived Ease of use has a positive effect on actual technology to use. The research findings indicate that the behavioral intention to use variable is a variable that increases the use of HIS because it can benefit from the use by the user. The implication in realizing the increase in HIS requires policies and commitment of hospital management in mandatory, advocacy, socialization, training, monitoring and evaluation related to HIS in each unit.
Macro-Economic Determinants of High Technology Exports
Authors: Gaur Monika , Kant Ravi , Verma NMP
Published: October 2020

An evaluation of the outcome of research and development is intrinsic for building a long-term foundation for economic development. The high technology exports are one indicator that can access the outcome of research and development of the economy. This study employed the data of high tech exports of 15 developed and developing economies during 2007-2018. The fixed effect regression estimates were analysed upon, validation of which is enumerated by the Hausman test. Two significant findings that the study implicates are, first, the benefits of an outward-oriented policy that has fewer tariff burdens will result in the promotion of high-tech exports. Secondly, the study is intrigued by the role of financial market development, which in turn is export-oriented, thereby reducing the foreign exchange burden. The enhanced access to financial markets and increased depth has proven to be congenial for high tech exports.
Media and Economic Growth: Country Groups Difference via Panel Data
Authors: Ahapova Viktoriia
Published: October 2020

The present article investigates the link between economic growth, namely GDP per capita, and the media activity represented with the indicator of the press freedom alongside other factors such as infrastructure, institutional conditions, and foreign direct investments. A panel of 179 countries was used for the period from 2000 to 2015. In particular, we run two panel data analysis models, fixed effects and random effects models, and examined their output with Hausman’s specification test, which pointed the fixed effects model as more efficient for the presented data set. However due to the presence of serial correlation, heteroskedastic, and cross-panel dependence, a Prais-Winsten regression with panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) was implemented. The comparative analysis of models of four country groups, divided by GNI per capita, was conducted. Both statistically significant correlation coefficients and models’ output provided evidence of an association between economic growth and the press activity.
Relationship of Leadership styles and Employee Creativity: A Mediating Role of Relational Confidence
Authors: Zhen Mei Rong , Atiga Dominic
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the style of leadership and the creative of employee by acting as trusted mediators in communication. The standard pilot survey included 250 employees from four innovative sectors in Ghana. Several classifications of series were used to test the relationship, prior to multiple regressions, all general assumptions were validated and deemed appropriate. The validity and reliability of the search engines were also tested. The study found that creative workers were positively and more closely involved in changing the fashion of leadership in firms, while the style business was largely associated with creative workers. In addition, reliable communication bridges the bond between style of leadership and creativity of employee, which is why system leadership is more cohesive and mobile. It is believed that trust can increase the relationship between manager and staff.
Evaluation of Risk Parity Asset Allocation Strategy in Indonesia Mutual Fund During 2010–2019 Period
Authors: Kurniawan Wayan Mahendra , Sumirat Erman
Published: October 2020

Indonesia as the largest country in Southeast Asia have the highest GDP among the other countries in the region. In 2011, McKinsey & Company conducted a research to understand the annual consumer spending trend in Indonesia. According to the research, financial services will be the main consumption in Indonesia in 2030. Despite those promising situations, mutual fund industry in Indonesia was facing a big challenge in 2019. During 2019, Indonesia Financial Authority (OJK) has suspended 37 mismanaged mutual fund products from several investment managers. And actively managed mutual funds will have more exposure on this mismanagement risk.

Aside from mismanagement and underperforming risk of actively managed mutual fund, investor also facing high risk of equity asset class. Recently, IDX Composite (IHSG) experience a tremendous -28% drop in Q1 2020. Biggest peak to bottom drawdown during that period was -37,49% from 14 January 2020 until 24 March 2020. This situation creates a challenge for mutual fund sales agent (APERD).

But a challenging situation also offers opportunities. Mutual fund sales agent (APERD) that can offer optimum asset allocation suggestion that can give maximum risk protection can take advantage of these situation. One such unique strategy that has not been applied by other mutual fund sales agent (APERD) is risk parity that became popular after 2008 financial crisis.

This research applied risk parity framework in passively managed mutual fund because most of actively managed mutual funds in Indonesia underperform the benchmark in the 10-year period. Because of that, passively managed mutual funds provide better investment opportunity. Four equity indexes (LQ45, Jakarta Islamic Index, Bisnis 27, and Sri Kehati) and one passively managed fixed income mutual fund (ABF Indonesia Bond Index Fund) that have existed for 10-year period was chosen to apply the risk parity method. Sharpe ratio calculation is used to evaluate the portfolio performance compared to commonly used portfolio strategy in the world according to 2018 Legg Mason Global Investment Survey.

Result of the analysis is that risk parity portfolio offer better Sharpe ratio compared to commonly used portfolio strategy in the world. Result of 2009 - April 2020 back-testing process also show that risk parity can protect investor from equity market downturn in 77.3% of the case. With above result, risk parity can offer better risk protection for Indonesia individual investor.
Political Connection, Institutional Ownership and Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini Yety , Widarjo Wahyu
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of political connection and institutional ownership toward tax aggressiveness on manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Samples for this study are 62 manufacturing companies listed between the periods of 2014 -   2018, hence obtained 310 observations. Result of this study shows that political connection of the directors and institutional ownership have positive and significant effect toward tax aggressiveness, while the political connection of the board of commissioners does not significantly affect toward the tax aggressiveness. Furthermore, this study also finds the difference of political connection and institutional ownership between big companies and small companies. The effect of political connection of the directors is stronger in small companies than big companies, while the effect of political connection of the board of commissioners toward tax aggressiveness is stronger in big companies than small companies.
Business Strategy Formulation for Publishing Company (Case Study: ABC Press)
Authors: Wibisono Aulia Widya Bestari , Koesrindartoto Deddy Priatmodjo
Published: October 2020

With emergence of technological and social change, rivalry between firms in the publishing industry is becoming more intense. Number of publishers in Indonesia keeps increasing, while switching cost of customer is low. ABC Press is a university publisher that has a volatile revenue, where they experienced revenue decrease in 2016 by 1,73% and in 2019 by 19,36%. Besides that, the business also has not grown much, where the average revenue growth from 2015 to 2019 is only 15,93%. ABC Press needs to formulate and reinvent their business strategy and model to improve their performance, remain competitive and sustainable in the publishing industry. This study uses primary data based on interview with three representatives of ABC Press and examine related secondary data to map the current Business Model Canvas (BMC). Then internal and external analysis is carried out to perform SWOT analysis in BMC, followed by strategy and new BMC formulation. To create value innovation, author used Four Action Framework in the strategy formulation. Cost leadership is deemed as the most appropriate business strategy, which demands ABC Press to conduct process innovation through developed production and distribution methods. Meanwhile, long tail business model combined with multi-sided platform is the appropriate business model, where ABC Press needs to focus on offering large range of niche products through their website as their main platform.
Profitability of Small-Scale Maize Production in Nigeria: A Case Study of Bichi Local Government, Kano State-Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Bello Nasiru , Yeboah Frederick Kwame , Ahmed Nazeer , Muhammad Ibrahim Umar
Published: October 2020

This paper examined the profitability of small-scale maize production in the Bichi community using the multistage sampling procedure. Gross margin, OLS Multiple regression analysis, and Descriptive statistics were employed as analytical tools. A higher percentage of males (90%) as against females (10%) were revealed from the analytical results. The household size of the majority (70%) was less than 11 persons per family among family households (60%). A total of ₦395,355/ha was earned as gross income whilst the gross margin of ₦201,331/ha was estimated. Total variable cost and Total fixed cost estimated were ₦194,024/ha and ₦36,413/ha respectively. With an R-square of 0.807, six explanatory variables positively explained the response variables according to the double log function. Farm size and labor had positive coefficients of 0.479 and 0.352 respectively which were significant at 1% and 5% level of significance respectively. Inadequate resources, pests and diseases, high labor costs, transport, insufficient storage facilities, and insufficient government support were problems affecting small maize producers in the study area.
Physicochemical, Sensory and Microbiological Quality of Table Wine Produced from Coconut water, Honey and Zobo
Authors: Ajogun C. O. , Achinewhu S. C. , Kiin-Kabari D. B. , Akusu O. M.
Published: October 2020

Physicochemical, sensory and microbiological quality of table wine produced from coconut, water, honey and zobo. Coconut water was collected and mixed with Zobo at a ratio of 5:1 and with honey also at 5:1 ratio. The various mixtures were fermented with wine yeast at room temperature (28±2 °C) for 7 days to produce table wine. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the fat, protein, ash and Carbohydrate content of all the wine samples, including control (commercial red and white table wines). Total Acid and alcohol content ranged from 0.576–0.921% and 5.87-11.50%, respectively. Sugar content ranging from 11.00-12.00%, however, difference in sugar content of all the wine samples were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The specific gravity of the coconut wines was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the control (commercial red and white wine). Total yeast count (TYC) on the fresh wine after 7 days’ fermentation period ranging from 7.66 Log10 CFU/ml to 8.91 Log10CFU/ml, with sample CWHN (coconut water and honey wine without yeast) given significantly (P<0.05) higher value of 8.91 Log10CFU/ml. Total bacteria count (TBC) on the aged wine (after 21 days of storage) ranged from 5.145 Log10CFU/ml to 6.230 Log10CFU/ml with sample CWH (coconut water and honey) wine given significantly higher value of 6.23 Log10CFU/ml. The taste of sample CWZ compared favourably with those of the commercial red and white wines. Sample CWZ (coconut/zobo wine) received equal overall acceptability with the commercial table wines.
Preliminary Evaluation of Morphological and Pomological Characters to Illustrate Genetic Diversity of Apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Afghanistan
Authors: Salari Hedayatullah , Samim Alam Khan , Ahadi Saifuddin , Etemadi Sayed Ahmad
Published: October 2020

Afghanistan assumed to be a part of the diversity center of Central Asian group of apricots but due to lack of proper collection, precise detection and documentation of distinct variability, the apricot diversity in the country is under unknown and unprecedented threat. This study, therefore, was run in Badam-Bagh research station for two consecutive seasons (2016-2017) to assess 28 various characters of 20 native Afghan apricot accessions. Results showed a high variability among studied genotypes. Leaf and fruit characteristics such as leaf blade length, leaf blade width, fruit weight, kernel weight, mesocarp percentage, kernel bitterness and fruit quality like total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity, skin color and fruit shape which subsequently determines customer appeal and marketability, displayed huge variation. Based on fruit weight, there were two groups of apricot genotypes; small fruits (<37 g) and large fruits (>37 g). Accessions with large fruits embrace: “Amiri”, “Bid-Mushk”, “Hassan-Khili”, “Jibraelli”, “Koorpa”, “Qandak”, “Pir-Naqshi”, “Seyed-Abadi”, “Salari-Sorkh”, and “Saqi”. Most genotypes were early flowering and intermediately ripening in nature. Kernels of only “Walayati” accession had strong bitterness and remained were sweet-kernelled. The mesocarps of most accessions were very weakly adhered to stones. PCA showed 86.15% of total variance among genotypes to be due to first seven components. UPGMA cluster analysis separated 20 accessions into 2 main groups (13 accessions in the first and 7 accessions in the second groups). The results exhibited that morphological characters of leaf and fruit and pomological characters are of immense importance in fast and easy description of apricot genotypes. This is per se the first study on genetic diversity of apricot accessions performed in Afghanistan. The results would provide opportunity for apricot breeders to select accessions with elite and premium characters in terms of marketability and adaptability for particular growing sites.
Effects of Fortification Stirred Yoghurt with Red Beet Powder (RBP) on Hypercholesterolemia Rats
Authors: Shalaby Hanan S. , Hassenin Amira S. H.
Published: October 2020

The effects of stirred yoghurt fortified with red beet powder (RBP) on hypercholesterolemia rats were investigated during this study. Flavored yoghurts were evaluated for fibers and total phenolic compounds, identification of phenolic compounds of reed beet (RBP) powder. The chemical composition, physicochemical and rheological properties, color measurements and sensory evaluation of resultant yoghurt were evaluated. Thirty male rats were separated into 5 groups, group one negative control, as the other groups were organized hypercholesterolemia groups for two weeks after that, divided to 4 subgroups chase the 1st subgroup present while, positive control, the 2nd subgroup was fed on stirred yoghurt ,the 3rd and the 4th subgroups were given stirred yoghurt containing red beet powder at levels (1% and 2%) respectively. The results revealed that beet root powder had 7.5% fiber and high amount of total phenolic 12.18 mg/g. The level of phenolic compound in RBP there was a large difference with the identified components. The TS content of stirred yoghurt fortified with red beet powder (RBP) was increased by increasing the percentage added and increase the protein content. While the fat content decreasing. Generally, the higher per cent resulted in increasing viscosity value of yoghurt. Stirred yoghurt containing RBP had significant deferent of colour measurements and improved yoghurt properties for overall acceptability. Also, stirred yoghurt containing of RBP had significant different decreasing in organ weights (heart, liver and kidney) of the experimental rats. This study in all rats’ groups fed on stirred yoghurt containing of RBP decreasing of blood lipid profile (T.G, T.C and LDL-c values) and significantly increased the HDL cholesterol. On the other hand, results illustrated of positive group significant increase in liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and (uric acid and creatinine) kidney functions compared with yoghurt containing of RBP which decreased. The histopathological examination of heart, liver and kidney demonstrated more or less normalized in the rat’s groups fed on stirred yoghurt containing RBP compared to the positive group. Thus, the study descriptions that stirred yoghurt containing RBP have rich phenolic compounds and protect against hypercholesterolemia diseases.
Adoption of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Technology in Ebonyi State Nigeria: Perceived Effects and Constraints
Authors: Onoh Lucy A. , Onoh Charles C. , Agomuo Christiana I. , Ogu Theresa C. , Onwuma Evajoy O.
Published: October 2020

Nigeria is facing food security crisis with growing population that is increasingly dependent on imported foods. It is the most populous nation in Africa with over 180 million people to feed. This is happening in a country that has the potential to grow highly nutritious rice through rice-fish integration with its attendant sustainable developments. This study assessed the perceived effects and constraints militating against the use of integrated rice-fish farming technology in the area. A multistage sampling technique was used in the selection of respondents. Data were collected with the use of structured questionnaire administered to 243 rice-fish farmers. The questionnaire was structured to address the objectives and hypothesis of the study. The Mean score analysis and Standard deviation were used to analyze the perceived effects and constraints militating against the use of integrated rice-fish farming technology. The Hypotheses were tested using Z- test and Analysis of variance. The results of the study revealed that the effects mostly perceived by the farmers were improved household nutrition (M=3.11) and improved family income (M=3.09). It indicated that inadequate water supply to rice-fish farms (2.5) and scarcity of inputs (M=2.1) were mostly identified as the constraints to the use of integrated rice-fish farming technology. Extension agents should intensify educational extension visits so that the farmers will have timely information about the practice. There is need for government and intervention agencies to provide agricultural inputs to the farmers to encourage them in their farming practices. They should make extension services functional and provide policies that will drive the adoption of rice-fish farming technology.
The Status of Noise Pollution in the Major Traffic Intersections of Khulna Metropolitan City in Bangladesh and its Possible Effect on Noise-Exposed People
Authors: Sultana Aliza , Paul Ashok Kumar , Nessa Meher Un
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted in the Khulna metropolitan city to determine the status of noise pollution at major traffic intersections and assess the possible effect of noise on regular noise afflicted people. For this research, five busiest roadways and traffic intersections; two mixed zone and three commercial zones were selected purposively and 'ST-8850 Sound Level Meter' was used to record the noise pressure level. Average noise pressure level and some noise parameters (Leq, L10, L50, L90, and Lnp) were measured at different shifts in each location both on working days and holidays. The result evidently specified that noise level in all major traffic circles of Khulna metropolitan city was much higher than the recommended threshold of acceptable noise level set by the Department of Environment (DOE) of Bangladesh. It was observed that the mixed area (Sonadanga, Gollamari) tends to have a higher average noise level than those of the commercial area (Shibbari, Notunrasta, Dakbangla). The noise pollution level (Lnp) in mixed areas varied from 92.77 dB (A) to 104.74 dB(A) on working days and 86.9 dB(A) to 105.5 dB(A) on holidays. On working days, the highest Leq was observed 92.65 ± 4.15 dB(A) in Sonadanga (mixed area), whereas the lowest was 85.13 ± 2.83 dB(A) in Dakbangla (commercial area). However, on holidays the highest level of Leq was found 90.41 ± 2.25 dB(A) in Sonadanga, while the lowest levels were 80.43 ± 3.20 dB(A) in Dakbangla. One-way ANOVA with LSD post-hoc test results illustrated that on working days there was a significant difference between the noise pollution levels (NPL) in different shifts of day time (F = 8.412, p < .05). The respondents of the study area addressed that they were the most affected by annoyance (70%), headache (62%), and hearing loss (46%) due to regular exposure to the traffic noise. Therefore, it is recommended to enhance awareness regarding the cause and effect of noise pollution among the noise producers and oppressed people. Subsequently, administrative measures have to take to attenuate noise pollution and indemnify the quality health of the citizens.
Mapping Ground Exposure Rate and External Hazard Index in Part of Basement Complex Rock of North Central Nigeria
Authors: Idi Bello Y. , Ndatuwong Lazarus G.
Published: October 2020

In this work, a preprocessed aero radiometric survey data of geologic survey map series of Nigeria basement complex sheet 145 was used to map the spatial distribution of ground level concentration of the three radioelements that contribute significantly to the emission of gamma rays, notably potassium (40K), thorium (232Th) and uranium (238U) and estimating the external hazard associated with human exposure due to the elements. The elemental average concentrations of 40K, 232Th and 238U obtained from the survey data are 1.37485%, 24.5297ppm and 5.5491ppm respectively. The relative concentrations of the three elements are in line with the global trend where Th records the highest mean concentration, followed by U with then K recording the least. Except for K, the values of the other elements were found to be above the global crustal abundance ranges of 2 - 2.5% for 40K, 8 – 12 ppm for 232Th and 2 – 3 ppm for 238U. The mean ground level external dose rate was found to be 213.2 ±21.2 nGyh-1. This is about four times higher than the global average terrestrial dose rate of 55 nGyh-1. The computed external hazard index however gives an average value of 0.329, which is within the acceptable limit (<1). External hazard index above this limit were however recorded at three points, spanning a small area of about 0.096 km2. In situ and ground geophysical measurements are therefore
Null Hyper-Parasitism, a Threat for Successful Biological Control Management
Authors: Borkar S. G.
Published: October 2020

Null hyper-parasitism, a new term is coined by the author to define the hyper-parasitism by a microbial agent on another hyper-parasite. The novel phenomenon of null hyper-parasitism was discovered in the in vitro and in vivo experimentation, where the bio-control agent Trichoderma hamatum hyper-parasitic on Sclerotium rolfsii, a foot rot pathogen of groundnut, was hyper-parasitiosed by a microbial strain of Aspergillus niger and Bacillus thermophillus. Here A. niger and B. thermophillus as null hyper-parasite nullified the bio-control action of hyper-parasite Trichoderma hamatum on Sclerotium rolfsii. The in vivo experimentation suggest that such type of null hyper-parasitism exist in soil ecosystem, may be to maintain the natural microbial equilibrium and extinction of a microbial species from nature due to presence of hyper-parasite and its antagonistic or bio-control activity as evident in the above case of parasite/pathogen S. rolfsii, its hyper-parasite T. hamatum and null hypersite A. niger and B. Thermophillus. Now, therefore the success of the bio-control or hyper-parasitism of soil borne fungal plant pathogen by Trichoderma sp may be dependent on the non- existence of null hyper-parasite in the soil ecosystem where the hyperparasite has to be used.
PEMETAAN DISTRIBUSI TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID DAN PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DI SIDOARJO-PASURUAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA PENGINDERAAN JAUH
Authors: Wijayanti Niken Dwi
Published: October 2020

Perairan Porong merupakan daerah muara sungai yang mengalami proses sedimentasi akibat bermuaranya air Sungai Porong ke Selat Madura yang membawa sedimen. Hal tersebut diduga akan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan garis pantai yang ada di sekitarnya. Disamping itu, perubahan morfologi daratan seperti abrasi atau sedimentasi dipengaruhi oleh faktor oseanografi fisik seperti arus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh arus terhadap distribusi Total Suspended Solid (TSS) serta dampaknya terhadap perubahan garis pantai di Perairan Sidoarjo-Pasuruan. Data yang digunakan yaitu citra Landsat 7 (2002) dan Landsat 8 (2013 dan 2017) yang diperoleh dari United States Geological Survey serta data arus dari Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service. Penginderaan jauh digunakan untuk menganalisa perubahan garis pantai dan distribusi TSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arus, dengan kecepatan 0.02-0.1 m/s, di Perairan Sidoarjo-Pasuruan berpengaruh terhadap distribusi TSS dengan arah menuju Barat dan Barat Laut. Konsentrasi TSS yang tinggi di perairan dekat pantai menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan garis pantai yang ditandai dengan tingginya sedimentasi di lokasi tersebut. Lebih lanjut hasil menunjukkan bahwa perubahan garis pantai di Sidoarjo-Pasuruan tahun 2002-2013 sebesar 9,305 km dan 2013-2017 sebesar 3,226 km. Peningkatan konsentrasi TSS di Perairan Sidoarjo-Pasuruan sebanding dengan penambahan garis pantai.
PEMODELAN KONEKTIVITAS SPASIAL TROTOAR BERKELANJUTAN ANTAR ZONA DI KOTA TUA JAKARTA
Authors: Elizandri Bellanti Nur , Wahidah Andhika Nurul , Solihah Karina Indah , Sari Syahra A. F. , Purbasari Dinar D. T. P. , Hasibuan Hayati Sari , Tambunan Rudy P
Published: October 2020

Kota Tua Jakarta adalah objek wisata sejarah di Kota Jakarta. Wilayah Kota Tua Jakarta terbagi ke dalam lima zona, yaitu Zona 1 Sunda Kelapa (Masjid Luar Batang, Museum Bahari, Menara Syahbandar, Gudang VOC, dll), Zona 2 Fatahillah (Museum Bank Mandiri, Museum Bank Indonesia, Museum Sejarah Jakarta, Alun-alun Fatahillah, Museum Wayang, Museum Seni, Stasiun Jakarta Kota, dll), Zona 3 Pecinan (Komunitas Pelukis Jalanan, Pusat Obat Tradisional Cina, Pusat Perniagaan, dll), Zona 4 Pekojan (Kampung Arab, Langgar Tinggi, Mesjid An-Nawier, dll), dan Zona 5 Peremajaan (Pusat Perniagaan, Bangunan Cina, Gedung Tua, Wisata Kuliner). Namun, sebagian besar wisatawan domestik dan mancanegara hanya berkunjung ke Zona 2 sehingga penyampaian sejarah Kota Tua Jakarta menjadi kabur dan distribusi pendapatan pariwisata Kota Tua Jakarta juga tidak merata. Ketidakmerataan distribusi pendapatan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan ekonomi dan sosial di Zona 1. Untuk menganalisis isu tersebut, metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara tidak terstruktur dan observasi partisipatori yang berorientasi spasial. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, observasi, dan analisis spasial yang dilakukan, wisatawan hanya mengunjungi Zona 2 karena kemudahan aksesibilitas di Zona 2 dibandingkan dengan zona lainnya serta buruknya kondisi trotoar yang menghubungkan Zona 2 dengan zona lainnya. Lebih dalam, buruknya kondisi trotoar berimplikasi pada terbentuknya area-area ruang mati (death space) di Jalan Kakap dan Ekor Kuning. Kehadiran ruang mati (death space) di Jalan Kakap dan Ekor Kuning mengundang terjadinya tindak kriminal dan masalah sosial lainnya di wilayah tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini mencoba menawarkan solusi perbaikan pada trotoar-trotoar yang mengonekasikan zona-zona di Kota Tua Jakarta, khususnya Zona 1 dan Zona 2. Konsep desain yang digunakan pada perbaikan tersebut adalah Green-sidewalks.
STEM-CP (Sains, Technology, Engineering Mathematics, And Contextual Problem)-Based Biology Textbook on Food Digestion System in High School
Authors: Oktaviani I M , Sutarto Sutarto , Hariyadi S , Prihatin J , Budiarso A S
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to develop a digestive system textbook based on STMCpE for grade XI high school. The textbook is set to be a contextual textbook with problem-solving characteristics in the "Food Digestion" material. Food digestion was selected based on the consideration that it contains the scope of science related to technologies that can be engineered by considering mathematical calculations. Food digestion materials also bear contextual problems in the community regarding nutritional security. Hence, students are expected to solve problems regarding the availability of food as an appropriate source of nutrition. The STMCpE textbook was tested its validity, practicability, attractiveness, and effectivity. A pretest-posttest design was applied—quasi-experiment research method with Pretest-Posttest without the control class. Analysis of the data is used by the mixed method, which is the result of qualitative and quantitative data. The sample used was 30 students of class XI high school with problems. The result is that students' critical thinking skills are very good.