bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON CHANGE IN LEARNING PATTERN FROM OFFLINE TO ONLINE MODE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Asst Prof of Physiology BMC., Fatima Samer Suwaibah , Jahan Yasmeen ,   Intern BMC., Abrar Hassan Mohammed ,   Prof BMC.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The COVID 19 was first reported in wuhan, china. It is characterised by pneumonia like symptoms. The virus spread exponentially, resulting in an outbreak throughout the world leading to pandemic. This has caused unprecedented disruption to medical education process and to health care system world wide. Leading to sudden ceassation of medical education system due to various restrictions imparted by WHO. , thus influencing medical education process, which is based on lectures and patient based education. Methodology: This is an observational study planned in department of physiology of Bhaskar Medical College on the students of 2016 and 2017 batch in the age group of 20-23 years with sample size of 200 students divided in two groups according to their batches and their performance of theory and practicals in final university examination. Aim: A study on change in learning pattern from offline to online mode during covid-19 pandemic. Objectives: 1. To study the change in pattern of learning from offline to online mode during covid-19 pandemic among undergraduate medical students by assessing their performance in final university examination. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of online classes and students level of satisfaction in terms of gaining knowledge, attitude and practices for availability of e-resources used for pertaining to online medical education.
OBSERVATION OF CENTRAL MACULAR THICKNESS AND MICROVASCULATURE BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IN AN AMBLYOPIC PATIENT
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University., S.M. Ibrahim M.Sc. Marwa , M.A. Said M.D Azza ,   Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University., A.M. Soliman M.D. Islam ,   The Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Ophthalmology., A. El Samkary M.D. Mahmoud ,   Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Documented the macular area changes regarding thickness and vascularity on an amblyopic patient by optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiograph. Patients and methods: A case control observational study. AllPatients were attended to Ain shams university clinic and the clinic of Ophthalmology Department of Re- search Institute of Ophthalmology in period between October 2020 to May 2021.the study included 40 patients, age between 7-18y, with unilateral amblyopic eye and divided into 4 groups each group 10 patients, unilateral amblyopic with strabismus, anisometropia, sensory deprivation compared to control study. The patients excluded with history prematurity, trauma, neurologic or systemic disease, uncooperative patients, eccentric fixation, and patients with refractive errors more than 6 Diopters. The thickness and vascularity of macular area were investigated and documented byoptical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiograph (OCTA). Results: The central thickness (1mm) of macula in all groups were non-significant compared with the control group except in sensory amblyopic groupthere was a significant increase in the thickness compared to control group with p -value 0.033.The vascularity of FAZ area, superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), are not statistically significant (p-value was 0.0412 & 0.154) respectively. Conclusion: Thestudy helps in understanding the changes in central macular thickness and FAZ microvasculature by OCT and OCTA that may play a role in pathophysiology and the management of different types of an amblyopic pediatric patient.
DIGITAL INITIATIVE FOR FARMERS: REBOOTING PUBLIC LIBRARIES
Authors:   Head & Divisional Librarian Government Divisional Public Library Kota Rajasthan India., Kumar Shrivastava Deepak , Danbaba Shuaibu ,   PhD Research Scholar Carrier Point University Kota Rajasthan India.
Published: March 2023

This paper is all about the public library digital initiative for farmers with much emphasis onthe concept of digital library, digital library services, advantages of digital library, disadvantages of digital library, use of digital library, digital technologies in agriculture and rural area, condition for digital transformation, challenges, conclusion and recommendations.It was found that Public Libraries so far done nothing for the farmers who have been potential users of Public Libraries. Library timings do not suit the farmers. So, Public Libraries should take immediate initiatives to reboot its importance among the rural communities. Public Library should plan to start to provide above mentioned services without any delay. In addition to these services some new and innovative technology-based services like, Computer literacy for farmers, Webinars for farmers, SMS alert on new issues like crop diseases and plant protection in local language etc., should be started.
TRUTH TABLE - SMARANDACHLEY PRODUCT CORDIAL LABELING OF BLOOM TORUS GRAPH BTM,N
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh-492101, India., Gulab Minj Dibya , Jagannadha Rao G.V.V. ,   Department of Mathematics, St. Josephs College Darjeeling, West Bangal- 734101, India., Kujur Chiranjilal ,   Department of Mathematics, St. Josephs College Darjeeling, West Bangal- 734101, India.
Published: March 2023

In this paper the researcher prepares truth table for the labeling of Bloom Torus graph by admitting the condition of Smarandachely product cordial labelling. Smarandachely product cordial labeling on is such a labeling with induced labeling
Fast and Environmentally Friendly Method for Simultaneous Determination of Hydrochlorothiazide, Losartan and Potassium by Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection
Authors: Marra Mariana , Ribeiro Michelle , Muñoz Rodrigo , Richter Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide are often combined in pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of hypertension. Therefore, the determination of these compounds in a single run is highly desirable for rapid quality control applications. The present study describes an ultra-fast (ca. 85 injections h−1) and environmentally friendly method based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection for simultaneous quantification of potassium, losartan and hydrochlorothiazide. Cation (potassium) and anions (losartan and hydrochlorothiazide) were analyzed in a single run using a background electrolyte composed by 10.0 mmol L-1 boric acid (pH = 9.0, adjusted with sodium hydroxide). The limits of detection were 4.0, 3.0 and 10.0 μmol L-1 for potassium, losartan and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. The proposed method is simple, fast, with minimal waste generation, and accurate (recovery values between 98 and 102%). The results obtained with the CE method were statistically similar (95% confidence level) to those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (losartan and hydrochlorothiazide) and flame photometry (potassium).
A Hadoop cloud-based surrogate modelling framework for approximating complex hydrological models
Authors: Ma Jinfeng , Zheng Hua , Li Ruonan , Rao Kaifeng , Yang Yanzheng , Li Weifeng
Published: March 2023

Hydrological simulation has long been a challenge because of the computationally intensive and expensive nature of complex hydrological models. In this paper, a surrogate modelling (SM) framework is presented based on the Hadoop cloud for approximating complex hydrological models. The substantial model runs required by the design of the experiment (DOE) of SM were solved using the Hadoop cloud. Polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) was fitted and verified using the high-fidelity model DOE and was then used as a case study to investigate the approximation capability in a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) surrogate model with regard to the accuracy, fidelity, and efficiency. In experiments, the Hadoop cloud reduced the computation time by approximately 86% when used in a global sensitivity analysis. PCE achieved results equivalent to those of the standard Monte Carlo approach, with a flow variance coefficient of determination of 0.92. Moreover, PCE proved to be as reliable as the Monte Carlo approach but significantly more efficient. The proposed framework greatly decreases the computational costs through cloud computing and surrogate modelling, making it ideal for complex hydrological model simulation and optimization.
Application of Benfratello's method to estimate the spatio-temporal variability of the irrigation deficit in a Mediterranean semiarid climate
Authors: Peli Marco , Rapuzzi Cesare , Barontini Stefano , Ranzi Roberto
Published: March 2023

This work presents a novel, spatially distributed, GIS-based application of Benfratello's conceptual method (developed in the 1960s) to estimate the climatic water deficit and the irrigation deficit at the field and basin scales. Explicit analytical relationships are obtained to define the deficit uncertainty on the basis of the interannual variability of temperature and precipitation. With this model, we aim at proposing a rather simple and effective tool to deal with the complicated issues of assessing the soil water balance, determining the irrigation deficit and managing the water resources in semiarid agricultural environments, in the context of climatic, land-use and anthropogenic changes. In order to test this new application, the model was applied to estimate the irrigation deficit of the Bonifica della Capitanata consortium in the Apulia region, one of the most important agricultural districts in Southern Italy and in the whole Mediterranean area, in four different historical land-use scenarios. The first results of the application seem encouraging, as by using a limited amount of parameters we estimated an irrigation demand which is in agreement with the irrigation volumes supplied by the consortium. The different land-use cases are discussed in the light of an application of the Budyko curve.
Spatio-temporal characteristics and driving factors of the meteorological drought across China based on CMIP6
Authors: Zhang Mengru , Yang Xiaoli , Pan Ming , Zhang Linyan , Fang Xiuqin , Sheffield Justin
Published: March 2023

The characteristics of meteorological drought in different river basins in China have clear spatio-temporal differences and the difference between watersheds is also reflected in the influence mechanism of meteorological drought. This study investigated the meteorological drought risk under different future emission scenarios, based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6). Furthermore, we explored the influence of precipitation and temperature on meteorological drought in different basins of China in the future. Meanwhile, the uncertainty associated with CMIP6 in different watersheds is also considered. In the future, the frequency of meteorological drought events mainly shows a decreasing trend, but the drought intensity and duration increase. In China, the rate of probability change in drought's intensity was greater than drought duration and the probability distribution of drought characteristics is significantly different between the historical and the future periods. Under the low and medium emission scenarios (SSP126 and SSP245), the Joint Recurrence Period of future drought intensity and duration increases and the Recurrence Period decreases in the western and north-eastern basins. Precipitation plays a major role in the meteorological drought, especially in the northeast and southeast basins of China.
Impact of hygiene promotion intervention on acute childhood diarrhea: evidence from a cluster-randomized trial in refugee communities in Gambella Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Getachew Kabew , Alemu Bezatu Mengistie , Gebrie Geremew Sahilu , Kloos Helmut , Legesse Worku Mulat
Published: March 2023

Background: Diarrheal illnesses are mainly linked with poverty, and hygiene promotion programs can significantly reduce childhood diarrhea when interventions are tested in stable communities. However, there is no sufficient evidence in emergency context. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in Teirkidi and Pugnido refugee camps. Intention to treat was applied in analyses of the results of this trial. Logistic, poison regression and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to evaluate changes in cluster-level hygiene behaviors and period prevalence and incidence of diarrhea with its confidence intervals (95% CI) and p < 0.05 significant cutoff point. Results: The reported diarrhea episodes were 1,307 (15.6 episodes per 100 person-weeks observation) among the intervention households and 1,619 (18.9 episodes per 100 person-weeks observation) in the control households. Under-five children living in households that received hygiene promotion had a 15% [p < 0.001; adjusted IRR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79 0.92] and a lower incidence of diarrhea compared with children living in control households. Conclusion: The study confirms that hygiene promotion intervention significantly reduces the incidence rate of childhood diarrhea in refugee camps. Hence, gains in the reduction of childhood diarrhea can be achieved in refugee camps through an enhanced hygiene promotion program.
Influence of the number of residents and climatic factors on residential water consumption
Authors: Reis Ricardo Prado Abreu , Rocha Dariane Gomes , de Rezende Gustavo Porto , Campos Marcus André Siqueira , Basso Raviel Eurico , Fioramonte Bruna
Published: March 2023

Water scarcity is becoming increasingly noticeable in large urban centers. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence residential water consumption in a residential building located in the city of Goiânia, Brazil, during a pre-pandemic period of 6 months. To this end, graphical analysis, trend curves, and multiple regressions were used using the R language. The sample consisted of 43 housing units with a population of one to five people in each. Once the construction aspects of the building were fixed and the water price and the type of consumption measured, it was found that the number of residents, the monthly precipitation, and the maximum daily temperature directly influence residential water consumption.
biblioteconomia brasileira na década de 1980
Authors: Tanus Gabrielle Francinne de S. C. , Silva Gabriela Batista da , Oliveira Rita de Cássia Gomes de
Published: March 2023

Os discursos da Biblioteconomia brasileira são objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, que se concentrou nos artigos publicados durante a década de 1980 na Revista de Biblioteconomia de Brasília. Essa revista, cujo primeiro número foi publicado em 1973, encerrou suas atividades em 2001 e teve como foco as áreas de Biblioteconomia, Ciência da Informação, Arquivologia e afins. Com a intenção de discutir sobre dois conceitos centrais da Biblioteconomia - o de biblioteca e o de bibliotecário - analisamos as produções que versavam sobre tais categorias de análise. A pesquisa é, então, considerada exploratória, de cunho bibliográfico, cujo método empregado foi o da análise de conteúdo. Essa década foi marcada pela importância da informação e da tecnologia como fatores responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento social e econômico do país. A biblioteca, nesse contexto de uma sociedade da informação, é marcada pela discussão da automação de seus serviços e produtos. O bibliotecário, visto como um profissional da informação, também tem um importante papel a desempenhar na sociedade, inclusive, o de estar ao lado dos mais vulneráveis.
Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) Inhibitors: A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Sehrawat Renu , Rathee Priyanka , Khatkar Sarita , Akkol EsraKüpeli , Khayatkashani Maryam , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad , Khatkar Anurag
Published: March 2023

Background:

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an indispensable enzyme required
for the survival of most prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as it is involved in the biosynthesis
of essential cellular components. DHFR has attracted a lot of attention as a molecular
target for various diseases like cancer, bacterial infection, malaria, tuberculosis, dental caries,
trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, fungal infection, influenza, Buruli ulcer, and respiratory illness.
Various teams of researchers have reported different DHFR inhibitors to explore their
therapeutic efficacy. Despite all the progress made, there is a strong need to find more novel
leading structures, which may be used as better and safe DHFR inhibitors, especially against
the microorganisms which are resistant to the developed drug candidates.

Objective:

This review aims to pay attention to recent development, particularly made in the
past two decades and published in this field, and pay particular attention to promising DHFR
inhibitors. Hence, an attempt has been made in this article to highlight the structure of dihydrofolate
reductase, the mechanism of action of DHFR inhibitors, most recently reported DHFR
inhibitors, diverse pharmacological applications of DHFR inhibitors, reported in-silico
study data and recent patents based on DHFR inhibitors to comprehensively portray the current
scenery for researchers interested in designing novel DHFR inhibitors.

Conclusion:

A critical review of recent studies revealed that most novel DHFR inhibitor compounds
either synthetically or naturally derived are characterized by the presence of heterocyclic
moieties in their structure. Non-classical antifolates like trimethoprim, pyrimethamine,
and proguanil are considered excellent templates to design novel DHFR inhibitors, and most
of them have substituted 2,4-diamino pyrimidine motifs. Targeting DHFR has massive potential
to be investigated for newer therapeutic possibilities to treat various diseases of clinical
importance.
Effectiveness of Aspartame on Insulin, Triglycerides, and Blood Glucose Concentration in Adult Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ali Deeb Ammar Salim , Al-Qudah Maisa Muhammad Amin , Abu-Harirah Hashem Ahmad , El-Qudah Jafar Muhammad. , Abdelrahim Dana , Altaleb Hala Mashhour , Shoubaki Lana Salman
Published: March 2023

Background:

Human beings have an attraction to sweet items: desserts, fruits, honey,
etc., which stimulate the sense of taste. However, sweet things tend to have many calories, thus
contributing to issues with obesity. Moreover, those with diabetes must strictly limit their consumption
of sugar to maintain their blood glucose levels within acceptable limits. Artificial
sweeteners contain substances from several distinct chemical classes. The effects of artificial
sweeteners on clinically relevant outcomes such as insulin, blood glucose, and lipids have been
incompletely studied.

Objective:

This study aims to assess the effects of artificial sweeteners on blood glucose, triglycerides,
and insulin in healthy, non-diabetic, and diabetic type 2 patients.

Methods:

Levels of glucose, triglycerides, and insulin in serum samples from 25 patients with
confirmed Diabetic type 2 disease and 30 normal controls were determined at 30, and 60 after the
ingestion of the drinks.

Results:

Levels of glucose, triglycerides, and insulin were notably higher in patients with diabetic
Mellitus compared with the normal group. Both triglycerides and insulin (60 min) were elevated
significantly above baseline after the intake of the artificial sweeteners in diabetic patients;
however, values for all other conditions across time were very stable.

Conclusion:

There is no reason to suppose that a higher consumption would result in an elevation
in these measures. Any noted insulin resistance linked to a high intake of artificial sweeteners
is likely a function of the excess calories and processed ingredients often included within artificially
sweetened food and beverage products.
Coexistence of Large Meningioma and Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case
Report and Literature Review
Authors: Wang Xue , Liu Yang , Tang Rong-Wu , Tao Zhu Ye
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

The simultaneous presence of a giant intracranial meningioma and an arteriovenous malformation(AVM)in the same cerebral hemisphere is extremely rare. The treatment should be individualized depending on the case.

Case Presentation:

A 49-year-old man presented with hemiparesis. Preoperative neuroimaging revealed a giant lesion and an AVM on the left hemisphere of the brain. Craniotomy and tumour resection were performed. The AVM was not treated and needed to be followed up. The histological diagnosis was meningioma (World Health Organization grade I). The patient was in good neurological condition postoperatively.

Conclusion:

This case adds to the growing literature suggesting that the association between the two lesions is complex. Besides, treatment depends on the risk of neurologic function damage and hemorrhagic stroke of meningiomas and AVMs.
In silico Analysis of Natural Inhibitors against HPV E6 Protein
Authors: Vani Vemula , Venkateshappa Snehalatha , Nishitha Rachel , Shashidhar Hima , Hegde Arpitha B. , Alagumuthu Manikandan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Drug re-purposing is one of the cost-effective methods to establish novel therapeutics against many diseases. Established natural products are collected from databases and used to potentially screen them against HPV E6 protein, a critical viral protein.

Objective:

This study aims to design potential small molecule inhibitors against HPV E6 protein
using structure-based approaches. Ten natural anti-cancerous compounds (Apigenin, Baicalein,
Baicalin, Ponicidin, Oridonin, Lovastatin, Triterpenoid, Narirutin, Rosmarinic Acid, and Xanthone)
were selected by review of the literature.

Methods:

These compounds were screened using Lipinski Rule of Five. Out of ten compounds,
seven were found to satisfy Rule of five. Docking of these seven compounds was carried out using
AutoDock software and corresponding Molecular Dynamics Simulations were performed by
GROMACS.

Results:

Among the seven compounds docked with the E6 target protein, six compounds showed
lesser binding energy than the reference compound, Luteolin. The three-dimensional structures
of E6 protein and the corresponding ligand complexes were visualised and analysed using PyMOL
whereas the two-dimensional images of protein-ligand interactions were obtained by LigPlot+
software to study the specific interactions. ADME analysis using SwissADME software revealed
that all the compounds except Rosmarinic acid have good gastrointestinal absorption
and solubility characteristics while Xanthone and Lovastatin showed blood brain barrier
penetration properties. Considering the binding energy and ADME analysis, Apigenin and
Ponicidin are found to be most suitable for de novo designing of potential inhibitors against the
HPV16 E6 protein.

Conclusion:

Further, synthesis and characterization of these potential HPV16 E6 inhibitors will
be carried out and their functional evaluation using cell culture-based assays will be undertaken.
Role of Supplements in the Management of COVID-19 - A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir , Muthusamy Sudha , Ramanathan Sambathkumar , Jahir Hussain Mohamed Harsath
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) and patients with COVID-19 may be treated primarily with SARS CoV-
2-targeting drugs and the therapeutic agents assisting in the management of COVID-19 complications.
This review focuses on the supplements like vitamins, minerals, herbal constituents, and others that
help prevent or manage negative outcomes among COVID-19 patients. The literature was searched in
databases such as Medline/PubMed Central/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus,
EMBASE, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and reference lists to identify relevant
articles. The vitamins, including vitamin C, and vitamin D, minerals such as zinc, selenium, and copper,
herbal constituents like thymoquinone, curcumin, naringenin, quercetin, and glycyrrhizin, and
other supplements, including N-acetylcysteine and melatonin. Melatonin have been identified as having
the potential to manage patients with COVID-19 along with standard care. Some of the ongoing
clinical trials are investigating the effectiveness of different supplements among COVID-19 patients.
Anti-EGFR/BRAF-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: PAPANIKOLAOU VASILEIOS , KYRODIMOS EFTHYMIOS , MASTRONIKOLIS NICHOLAS , ASIMAKOPOULOS ASIMAKIS D. , PAPANASTASIOU GEORGE , TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS , SPYROPOULOU DESPOINA , KATSINIS SPYROS , MANOLI AREZINA , PAPOULIAKOS SOTIRIOS , PANTOS PAVLOS , RAGOS VASILEIOS , PESCHOS DIMITRIOS , CHRYSOVERGIS ARISTEIDIS
Published: March 2023

Alterations in significant genes located on chromosome 7 - including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and also v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) - combined or not with numerical imbalances of the whole chromosome (aneuploidy-polysomy) are crucial genetic events involved in the development and progression of malignancies. Identification of EGFR/BRAF-dependent specific somatic mutations and other mechanisms of deregulation (i.e., amplification) is critical for applying targeted therapeutic approaches [tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs] or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Thyroid carcinoma is a specific pathological entity characterized by a variety of histological sub-types. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represent its main sub-types. In the current review, we explore the role of EGFR/BRAF alterations in thyroid carcinoma in conjunction with the corresponding anti-EGFR/BRAF TKI-based novel therapeutic strategies for patients with specific genetic signatures.
Effects of siRNA-mediated Silencing of ERBB2, IGF-1R, and ITGB1 in HER2-positive Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: HERNANDEZ-JUAREZ JAVIER , GONZALEZ-CRUZ ALDO O. , MIRANDA-ESPINO RODOLFO , RONQUILLO-SANCHEZ MARIA DOLORES , RAMIREZ-ESTRADA KARLA , BALDERAS-RENTERIA ISAIAS , ARREDONDO-ESPINOZA EDER
Published: March 2023

Background/Aim: One of the hallmarks of cancer is deregulation of multiple signaling pathways, which can lead to uncontrolled proliferation and migration of cells. Over-expression and mutations in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) can lead to overactivation of these pathways, potentially developing cancer in different tissues, including breast tissue. IGF-1R and ITGB-1 are two receptors that have been linked to cancer development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of silencing of the corresponding genes using specific siRNAs. Materials and Methods: Transient silencing of HER2, ITGB-1, and IGF-1R was conducted using siRNAs and expression was quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Viability in human breast cancer cells SKBR3, MCF-7, and HCC1954 and cytotoxicity in HeLa cells were tested using WST-1 assay. Results: The use of anti-HER2 siRNAs in a breast cancer cell line over-expressing HER2 (SKBR3) led to a decrease in cell viability. However, silencing of ITGB-1 and IGF-1R in the same cell line had no significant effects. Silencing of any of the genes encoding any of the three receptors in MCF-7, HCC1954, and HeLa had no significant effects. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence towards using siRNAs against HER2-positive breast cancer. Silencing of ITGB-1 and IGF-R1 did not significantly inhibit the growth of SKBR3 cells. Therefore, there is need for testing the effect of silencing ITGB-1 and IGF-R1 in other cancer cell lines over-expressing these biomarkers and explore their potential use in cancer therapy.
Impact of CD34-dependent Micro Vessel Density on Periapical Odontogenic Cysts
Authors: MATHIOU VASILIKI , TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS , MAIPAS SOTIRIOS , THYMARA IRENE , PESCHOS DIMITRIOS , LAZARIS ANDREAS C. , KAVANTZAS NIKOLAOS
Published: March 2023

Background/Aim: Odontogenic cysts belong to a type of lesions with endodontic origin that in some cases mimic even aggressive odontogenic tumors sharing with them similar radiographic features. Periapical cysts (PCs) belong to the inflammatory odontogenic cysts sub-category and rarely squamous cell carcinoma arises from their hyperplastic/ dysplastic epithelia. This study aimed to explore the impact of cluster differentiation 34 (CD34) protein expression combined with micro vessel density (MVD) on PCs. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight (n=48) archival, formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded PC tissue specimens were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in the corresponding tissue sections using an anti- CD34 antibody. CD34 expression levels and also MVD in the examined cases were measured by implementing a digital image analysis protocol. Results: CD34 over-expression (moderate to high staining intensity levels) were detected in 29/48 (60.4%) cases, whereas the rest of them (19/48-39.6%) were characterized by low levels of expression. Extended MVD was identified in 26/48 (50.1%) cases correlated with CD34 over-expression, epithelial hyperplasia (p-value=0.001), and marginally with inflammatory infiltration level in the examined lesions (p-value=0.056). Conclusion: CD34 over-expression combined with increased MVD is associated with a neoplastic-like (hyperplastic) phenotype in PCs as a result of increased neo-angiogenic activity. These histopathological characteristics rarely form an eligible substrate for squamous cell carcinoma onset in untended cases.
Clinical Outcomes of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: TASAKI YUTARO , ASHIZAWA KAZUTO , NAKAMURA DAISUKE , MIZOWAKI TAKASHI , NAGASHIMA SEIJI , FUJIMOTO TOSHIFUMI , UETANI MASATAKA
Published: March 2023

Background/Aim: To investigate the clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods: Among consecutive patients with early-stage NSCLC who received SBRT between November 2009 and September 2019, those with cT1-2N0M0 staged by the UICC TNM classification and staging system for lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Fifty-three patients with early-stage NSCLC received SBRT. The median follow-up period was 29 months (range=2-105 months). Twenty-one lung tumors were clinically diagnosed as early-stage primary lung cancers without histological confirmation. Histological examinations revealed adenocarcinoma in 24 patients and squamous cell carcinoma in 8. Two- and 5-year local control, cancer-specific survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were 94.4 and 94.4%; 94.6 and 90.8%; 69.0 and 43.3%; and 80.0 and 59.3%, respectively. In a univariate analysis, the T stage, histology, and type of pulmonary nodule correlated with PFS and OS. Conclusion: Good clinical outcomes were achieved by patients with early-stage NSCLC who received SBRT.
NSCLC Patients Achieving Long-term Progression-free Survival With Docetaxel Plus Ramucirumab: A Retrospective Study
Authors: MIYAZAKI KUNIHIKO , SHIOZAWA TOSHIHIRO , OKAUCHI SHINICHIRO , SAKURAI HIROFUMI , SATOH HIROAKI , HIZAWA NOBUYUKI
Published: March 2023

Background/Aim: The antineoplastic drug docetaxel (DOC) and the antivascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor ramucirumab (RAM) are widely used in combination for second or later-line regimens for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While the median progression-free survival (PFS) of DOC+RAM has been reported to be less than six months in both clinical trials and clinical practice, there appear to be some patients with long-term PFS. This study aimed to clarify the existence and characteristics of these patients. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with DOC+RAM between April 2009 and June 2022 at our three hospitals. There was no established definition of long-term PFS, thus in this study, a PFS of 12 months or longer was defined as long-term PFS. Results: During the study period, 91 patients received DOC+RAM treatment. Of these, 14 (15.4%) achieved long-term PFS. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics between patients with PFS ≥12 months and those with PFS <12 months, except for ‘clinical stage IIIA-C’ at DOC+RAM initiation and ‘post-surgical recurrence’. In uni- and multivariate analyses, favorable factors for PFS were ‘Stage III at the start of DOC+RAM’ in driver gene-negative patients, and ‘under 70 years old’ in driver gene-positive patients. Conclusion: Many patients in this study achieved long-term PFS with DOC+RAM treatment. In the future, it is expected that long-term PFS will be defined, and the background of patients who achieve such PFS will become clearer.
PROPUESTA DEL INDICE DE CAPACIDAD DPMO BASADO EN LA DESVIACIÓN MEDIA
Authors: Rosales Ordoñez Duvan , Púa De la Hoz Brayan , Herrera Acosta Roberto
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo compara los índices de capacidad de un mismo proceso, cuyos cálculos se realizaron utilizando la desviación estándar y la desviación media. El campo de interés está centrado en el índice DPMO y el nivel sigma de un proceso. Con base en el estudio realizado se ha podido concluir que, al hacer uso de la desviación media para encontrar el índice de capacidad de un proceso, conlleva a un proceso con un menor porcentaje de defectos.
Modelo multi-agente para la evaluación y el diagnóstico de fallas en procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: Salazar Oscar M. , Quiroz Thomás , Ovalle Demetrio A.
Published: March 2023

En los ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje no existen actualmente mecanismos efectivos que permitan una detección temprana y diagnóstico de fallas en el aprendizaje. Integrar este tipo de elementos a los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, podría mejorar el aprendizaje ya que a partir del diagnóstico suministrado por el sistema se puede diseñar un plan de acciones que contribuya al fortalecimiento de las temáticas de los cursos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el diseño y desarrollo de un modelo multi-agente para la evaluación y el diagnóstico de fallas el cual busca descubrir las falencias en el aprendizaje a partir del proceso de evaluación virtual. Adicionalmente, el modelo busca ofrecer una retroalimentación y recomendar nuevos contenidos educativos adaptados a los perfiles de los aprendices. Basado en el modelo propuesto, un prototipo fue implementado y validado a través de un caso de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que los estudiantes se sintieron acompañados durante el proceso de evaluación y obtuvieron una retroalimentación en tiempo real que identificó falencias y permitió recomendar recursos educativos con el fin de fortalecer el proceso de aprendizaje.
Desarrollo De Un Sistema Portátil Emulador De Dinámicas De Procesos De Primer Y Segundo Orden Integrado Con Sistemas De Control Clásico, Para El Programa De Ingeniera Mecatrónica De La Sede Villa Del Rosario
Authors: Castro Barbosa Brayan David , Duque Suarez Oscar Manuel , Duque Suarez Oscar Manuel
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo hace referencia aldesarrollo de un dispositivo portable, queemula diferentes tipos de sistemas dinámicosde primer y segundo orden ya que permite elajuste de sus parámetros, se pueden realizarlos procesos tanto de identificación delsistema como de implementación de sucorrespondiente controlador, debido a queintegra guía y manual de usuario paraejecutar dichos procesos, este dispositivosirve como herramienta para mejorar lasprácticas de laboratorio relacionadas alcontrol industrial. Dispone de una interfazgráfica que consta de 2 pantallas donde sevisualizan las señales del proceso (entrada,perturbación, control y salida) y seconfiguran los parámetros para sufuncionamiento.
Contexto de cadena acuicultura y pesca
Authors: Morales Castañeda Alexis
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de acuicultura y pesca enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena maíz
Authors: Morales Castañeda Alexis , Ramírez Beltrán Angélica María
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de maíz enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena hortalizas
Authors: Castillo Galindo Nicolle Tatiana
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de hortalizas enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Developing an Inpatient Electronic Medical Record Phenotype for Hospital-Acquired Pressure Injuries: Case Study Using Natural Language Processing Models
Authors: Nurmambetova Elvira , Pan Jie , Zhang Zilong , Wu Guosong , Lee Seungwon , Southern Danielle A , Martin Elliot A , Ho Chester , Xu Yuan , Eastwood Cathy A
Published: March 2023

Background

Surveillance of hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPI) is often suboptimal when relying on administrative health data, as International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes are known to have long delays and are undercoded. We leveraged natural language processing (NLP) applications on free-text notes, particularly the inpatient nursing notes, from electronic medical records (EMRs), to more accurately and timely identify HAPIs.

Objective

This study aimed to show that EMR-based phenotyping algorithms are more fitted to detect HAPIs than ICD-10-CA algorithms alone, while the clinical logs are recorded with higher accuracy via NLP using nursing notes.

Methods

Patients with HAPIs were identified from head-to-toe skin assessments in a local tertiary acute care hospital during a clinical trial that took place from 2015 to 2018 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Clinical notes documented during the trial were extracted from the EMR database after the linkage with the discharge abstract database. Different combinations of several types of clinical notes were processed by sequential forward selection during the model development. Text classification algorithms for HAPI detection were developed using random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and deep learning models. The classification threshold was tuned to enable the model to achieve similar specificity to an ICD-based phenotyping study. Each model’s performance was assessed, and comparisons were made between the metrics, including sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1-score.

Results

Data from 280 eligible patients were used in this study, among whom 97 patients had HAPIs during the trial. RF was the optimal performing model with a sensitivity of 0.464 (95% CI 0.365-0.563), specificity of 0.984 (95% CI 0.965-1.000), and F1-score of 0.612 (95% CI of 0.473-0.751). The machine learning (ML) model reached higher sensitivity without sacrificing much specificity compared to the previously reported performance of ICD-based algorithms.

Conclusions

The EMR-based NLP phenotyping algorithms demonstrated improved performance in HAPI case detection over ICD-10-CA codes alone. Daily generated nursing notes in EMRs are a valuable data resource for ML models to accurately detect adverse events. The study contributes to enhancing automated health care quality and safety surveillance.
Utilization and Effectiveness of a Message-Based Tobacco Cessation Program (mCessation) in the Chinese General Population: Longitudinal, Real-world Study
Authors: Su Zheng , Wei Xiaowen , Cheng Anqi , Zhou Xinmei , Li Jinxuan , Qin Rui , Liu Yi , Xia Xin , Song Qingqing , Liu Zhao , Zhao Liang , Xiao Dan , Wang Chen
Published: March 2023

Background

Randomized controlled trials on text message interventions for smoking cessation have shown they are effective and recommended for tobacco control. However, the effectiveness in real-world settings is largely unknown, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective

This study aimed to provide real-world evidence about the utilization and effectiveness of a message-based tobacco cessation program (mCessation) in China.

Methods

From May 2021 to September 2022, 16,746 people from the general population participated in the mCessation program provided by the World Health Organization. All participants received text messages on smoking cessation via instant messaging for 6 months, and they were also required to report smoking status. We randomly selected 2500 participants and interviewed them by telephone to determine the 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate at 6 months. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze population characteristics and abstinence rate. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore risk factors for the abstinence rate.

Results

Among the 2500 participants, the mean age was 35 years, and most (2407/2500, 96.20%) were male. The prevalence of tobacco dependence and light degree of tobacco dependence were 85.70% (2142/2500) and 89.10% (2228/2500), respectively. For respondents (953/2500, 38.10%), the 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate at 6 months was 21.90% (209/953). Participants older than 40 years or with tobacco dependence had significantly higher abstinence rates than those who were younger than 30 years old (odds ratio [OR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.06-3.29) or without dependence (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.08-2.51), respectively. However, married people or heavily dependent smokers tended to find it more difficult to successfully quit smoking compared with unmarried people (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.93) or lightly dependent smokers (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.02-0.98), respectively.

Conclusions

In a real-world setting, mCessation China was generally acceptable to men and lightly dependent smokers, and it could help 1 in 5 smokers aged 18 years to 67 years quit smoking. However, strategies to increase awareness of young and married adults may improve implementation and abstinence rates.
Digital Interventions for Treating Post-COVID or Long-COVID Symptoms: Scoping Review
Authors: Rinn Robin , Gao Lingling , Schoeneich Sarah , Dahmen Alina , Anand Kumar Vinayak , Becker Petra , Lippke Sonia
Published: March 2023

Background

Patients with post-COVID/long-COVID symptoms need support, and health care professionals need to be able to provide evidence-based patient care. Digital interventions can meet these requirements, especially if personal contact is limited.

Objective

We reviewed evidence-based digital interventions that are currently available to help manage physical and mental health in patients with post-COVID/long-COVID symptoms.

Methods

A scoping review was carried out summarizing novel digital health interventions for treating post-COVID/long-COVID patients. Using the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) scheme, original studies were summarized, in which patients with post-COVID/long-COVID symptoms used digital interventions to help aid recovery.

Results

From all scanned articles, 8 original studies matched the inclusion criteria. Of the 8 studies, 3 were “pretest” studies, 3 described the implementation of a telerehabilitation program, 1 was a post-COVID/long-COVID program, and 1 described the results of qualitative interviews with patients who used an online peer-support group. Following the PICO scheme, we summarized previous studies. Studies varied in terms of participants (P), ranging from adults in different countries, such as former hospitalized patients with COVID-19, to individuals in disadvantaged communities in the United Kingdom, as well as health care workers. In addition, the studies included patients who had previously been infected with COVID-19 and who had ongoing symptoms. Some studies focused on individuals with specific symptoms, including those with either post–COVID-19 or long-term symptoms, while other studies included patients based on participation in online peer-support groups. The interventions (I) also varied. Most interventions used a combination of psychological and physical exercises, but they varied in duration, frequency, and social dimensions. The reviewed studies investigated the physical and mental health conditions of patients with post-COVID/long-COVID symptoms. Most studies had no control (C) group, and most studies reported outcomes (O) or improvements in physiological health perception, some physical conditions, fatigue, and some psychological aspects such as depression. However, some studies found no improvements in bowel or bladder problems, concentration, short-term memory, unpleasant dreams, physical ailments, perceived bodily pain, emotional ailments, and perceived mental health.

Conclusions

More systematic research with larger sample sizes is required to overcome sampling bias and include health care professionals’ perspectives, as well as help patients mobilize support from health care professionals and social network partners. The evidence so far suggests that patients should be provided with digital interventions to manage symptoms and reintegrate into everyday life, including work.
Vulnerability to Cyberattacks and Sociotechnical Solutions for Health Care Systems: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ewoh Pius , Vartiainen Tero
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Health care organizations worldwide are faced with an increasing number of cyberattacks and threats to their critical infrastructure. These cyberattacks cause significant data breaches in digital health information systems, which threaten patient safety and privacy.

OBJECTIVE

From a sociotechnical perspective, this paper explores why digital health care systems are vulnerable to cyberattacks and provides sociotechnical solutions through a systematic literature review (SLR).

METHODS

An SLR using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was conducted by searching 6 databases (PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and Springer) and a journal (Management Information Systems Quarterly) for articles published between 2012 and 2022 and indexed using the following keywords: “(cybersecurity OR cybercrime OR ransomware) AND (healthcare) OR (cybersecurity in healthcare).” Reports, review articles, and industry white papers that focused on cybersecurity and health care challenges and solutions were included. Only articles published in English were selected for the review.

RESULTS

In total, 5 themes were identified: human error, lack of investment, complex network-connected end-point devices, old legacy systems, and technology advancement (digitalization). We also found that knowledge applications for solving vulnerabilities in health care systems between 2012 to 2022 were inconsistent.

CONCLUSIONS

This SLR provides a clear understanding of why health care systems are vulnerable to cyberattacks and proposes interventions from a new sociotechnical perspective. These solutions can serve as a guide for health care organizations in their efforts to prevent breaches and address vulnerabilities. To bridge the gap, we recommend that health care organizations, in partnership with educational institutions, develop and implement a cybersecurity curriculum for health care and intelligence information sharing through collaborations; training; awareness campaigns; and knowledge application areas such as secure design processes, phase-out of legacy systems, and improved investment. Additional studies are needed to create a sociotechnical framework that will support cybersecurity in health care systems and connect technology, people, and processes in an integrated manner.