bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Light fractions can also be heavy hitters: Comparison of detrital zircon U–Pb and detrital K‐feldspar Pb–Pb as provenance indicators—A case study from Cretaceous strata of southern Utah, USA
Authors: Reat Wersan Ellen , Johnson Cari
Published: April 2023

Comparison of detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology and detrital K‐feldspar Pb–Pb isotopic data from Upper Cretaceous sandstones of southern Utah reveals important provenance information that is unrecorded by more chemically and physically durable detrital minerals like zircons. To better understand these signals, we also present an updated database of Pb‐isotopic ratios in ores, whole rocks and feldspars, for potential sediment source terranes in North America. Detrital K‐feldspar Pb‐isotopes indicate sediment provenance of the Western Cordillera/Mojave, Yavapai‐Mazatzal and Wyoming terranes, with limited input from recycled Sevier fold‐thrust belt strata. The K‐feldspar data broadly support previous interpretations, largely based on detrital zircon datasets, of a Cretaceous palaeo‐river system transporting sediment from the southwest. However, the light‐fraction data also provide important, complementary and otherwise unrecognized perspectives as compared to detrital zircon datasets. For example, K‐feldspars indicate a stronger apparent influence of Western Cordillera/Mojave and Wyoming terrane sources than previously interpreted. We interpret the K‐feldspar Wyoming terrane signal as the result of south‐directed longshore drift, with preferential loss of zircons due to hydraulic sorting processes. As relatively new detrital K‐feldspar detrital methods continue to be developed, this multi‐proxy approach to provenance could be informative in other sedimentary basins where suitable source terranes can be identified.
Counterintuitive Concepts Across Domains: A Unified Phenomenon?
Authors: Sommer Joseph , Musolino Julien , Hemmer Pernille
Published: April 2023

The minimally counterintuitive (MCI) thesis in the cognitive science of religion proposes that supernatural concepts are prevalent across cultures because they possess a common structure—namely, violations of intuitive ontological assumptions that facilitate concept representation. These violations are hypothesized to give supernatural concepts a memorability advantage over both intuitive concepts and “maximally counterintuitive” (MXCI) concepts, which contain numerous ontological violations. However, the connection between MCI concepts and bizarre (BIZ) but not supernatural concepts, for which memorability advantages are predicted by the von Restorff (VR) effect, has been insufficiently clarified by earlier research. Additionally, the role of inferential potential (IP) in determining MCI concepts’ memorability has remained vague and only rarely controlled for. In a pre‐registered experiment, we directly compare memorability for MCI and MXCI concepts, compared to BIZ concepts, while controlling for IP as well as degree of bizarreness. Results indicate that when IP and bizarreness are controlled for, memorability of counterintuitive and BIZ concepts—relative to intuitive control concepts—is similar across concepts with one, two, and three characteristics. Findings suggest that the MCI and VR effects may be manifestations of the same underlying mechanisms.
Morphologic and immunophenotypic evaluation of liver allograft biopsies with contemporaneous serum DSA measurements
Authors: El Hag Mohamed I. , Kaneku Hugo , Jorgensen Dana , Zeevi Adriana , Stevenson Heather L. , Yadak Nour , Hassan Mohamed , Du Xiaotang , Demetris Anthony J.
Published: April 2023

Background

Acute antibody mediated rejection is increasingly identified in liver allografts as a unique form of alloimmune injury associated with donor specific antibodies (DSA). This manifests pathologically as microvascular injury and C4d uptake. Despite the liver allograft's relative resistance to alloimmune injury, liver allografts are not impervious to cellular and antibody‐mediated rejection.

Methods

In this blinded control study, we evaluated CD163 immunohistochemistry and applied the Banff 2016 criteria for diagnosis of acute AMR on a group of indication allograft liver biopsies from DSA positive patients and compared them to indication biopsies from DSA negative controls.

Results

Most DSA positive patients were females (75%, p = .027), and underwent transplantation for HCV infection. Significant histopathological predictors of serum DSA positivity were Banff H‐score (p = .01), moderate to severe cholestasis (p = .03), and CD163 score > 2 (p = .029). Other morphologic features that showed a trend with DSA positivity include Banff portal C4d‐score (p = .06), bile ductular reaction (p = .07), and central perivenulitis (p = .07). The odds of DSA sMFI ≥5000 was 12.5 times higher in those with a C4d score >1 than those with a C4d score ≤ 1 (p = .04). Incidence of definite for aAMR in the DSA positive cohort was 25% (n = 5), and 0% in the DSA negative cohort. A group of 5 DSA positive cases were not classifiable by the current scheme.

Conclusion

Sinusoidal CD163, Banff H‐score, and diffuse C4d are predictors of serum DSA, and facilitate recognition of histopathological features associated with serum DSA and tissue–antibody interaction.
Live imaging observation of elevation of the anterior palatal shelf in mouse embryos
Authors: Nagasaka Arata , Sakiyama Koji , Bando Yasuhiko , Onozawa Go , Amano Osamu
Published: April 2023

The mammalian secondary palate develops through complex processes including palatal shelf growth, elevation, and fusion. Palatal shelf elevation is a process accompanied by large‐scale morphological changes over a short period. The elevation pattern changes along the anterior–posterior axis; the anterior region elevates by the “flip‐up” model, and the middle and posterior regions reorient through the “flow” model. However, the mechanisms of both models are unclear because of the rapid progression of the elevation in utero. To observe palatal elevation in real time in detail, we aimed to establish a live imaging method using explants of the anterior region of the palatal shelf in mouse embryos before the beginning of elevation. Changes in the degree of shelf orientation were measured, which showed that the palatal shelf continuously changed shape toward the lingual side. The changes in the angle between the lingual and buccal bases of the palatal shelf were different; the morphological change at the lingual side resulted in a more acute angle, and the change at the buccal side resulted in a more obtuse angle. The morphological changes of the lingual and buccal sides occurred nearly simultaneously, suggesting that the anterior region of the palatal shelf in vitro elevated according to the “flip‐up” model. This live imaging method enables the continuous observation of palatal shelf elevation and provides new insights into palatogenesis.
Comparison of efficacy and safety between third‐dose triple and third‐dose dual antihypertensive combination therapies in patients with hypertension
Authors: Sung Ki‐Chul , Hong Soon Jun , Rhee Moo‐Yong , Jeong Myung‐Ho , Kim Dae‐Hee , Lim Sang‐Wook , Park Kyungil , Lee Jin Bae , Kim Seok‐Yeon , Cho Jin‐Man , Cho Goo‐Yeong , Heo Jung‐Ho , Kim Sang‐Hyun , Lee Hae‐Young , Kim Weon , Cho Deok‐Kyu , Park Sungha , Shin Jinho , Pyun Wook‐Bum , Kwon Kihwan , Rha Seung‐Woon , Jung Jin‐A
Published: April 2023

We compared the efficacy and safety of third‐standard‐dose triple and third‐standard‐dose dual antihypertensive combination therapies in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. This was a phase II multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group trial. After a 4‐week placebo run‐in period, 245 participants were randomized to the third‐dose triple combination (ALC group; amlodipine 1.67 mg + losartan potassium 16.67 mg + chlorthalidone 4.17 mg) or third‐dose dual combination (AL group; amlodipine 1.67 mg + losartan potassium 16.67 mg, LC group; losartan potassium 16.67 mg + chlorthalidone 4.17 mg, AC group; amlodipine 1.67 mg + chlorthalidone 4.17 mg) therapy groups and followed up for 8 weeks. The mean systolic blood pressure (BP) reduction was ‐18.3 ± 13.2, ‐13.0 ± 13.3, ‐16.3 ± 12.4, and ‐13.8 ± 13.2 mmHg in the ALC, AL, LC, and AC groups, respectively. The ALC group showed significant systolic BP reduction compared to the AL and AC groups at weeks 4 (P = .010 and P = .018, respectively) and 8 (P = .017 and P = .036, respectively). At week 4, the proportion of systolic BP responders was significantly higher in the ALC group (42.6%) than in the AL (22.0%), LC (23.3%), and AC (27.1%) groups (P = .013, P = .021, and P = .045, respectively). At week 8, the proportion of systolic and diastolic BP responders was significantly higher in the ALC group (59.7%) than in the AL (39.3%) and AC (42.4%) groups (P = .022 and P = .049, respectively) at week 8. Third‐standard‐dose triple antihypertensive combination therapy demonstrated early effective BP control compared to third‐standard‐dose dual combination therapies, without increasing adverse drug reactions in patients with mild‐to‐moderate hypertension.
Pharmacokinetic, sedative, and physiological effects of oral compounded formulations of trazodone alone or in combination with gabapentin in male cats
Authors: Tucker Laura E. , Sanchez Andrea , Valverde Alexander , Blois Shauna , Uccello Olivia , Rutherford Ashley , Monteith Gabrielle , Reinhart Jennifer M. , Keating Stephanie , Gu Yu , Johnson Ron
Published: April 2023

Trazodone and gabapentin are common oral sedatives in cats, used alone or combined, but no pharmacokinetic studies exist for trazodone in this species. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of oral trazodone (T) alone, or in combination with gabapentin (G) in healthy cats. Cats (n = 6) were randomly allocated to receive T (3 mg/kg) intravenously (IV), T (5 mg/kg) orally (PO), or T (5 mg/kg) and G (10 mg/kg) PO with a 1‐week washout period between treatments. Heart rate, respiratory rate, indirect blood pressure, and level of sedation were assessed, and venous blood samples were collected serially over 24 h. Analysis of plasma trazodone concentration was performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Oral T administration resulted in a bioavailability of 54.9(7–96)%, and 17.2(11–25)% when administered with G. Tmax 0.17 (0.17–0.5) and 0.17 (0.17–0.75) h; Cmax 1.67 ± 0.91 and 1.22 ± 0.54 μg/mL, AUC 5.23 (2.0–18.76) and 2.37 (1.17–7.80) h*μg/mL; T1/2 5.12 ± 2.56 and 4.71 ± 1.07 h; for T and TG, respectively. Sedation was significant when compared to baseline in all groups from 20 or 45 min to 8 h indicating some lag between peak plasma concentration and sedative effects. Physiological variables remained within normal limits. This study concludes that oral trazodone is rapidly absorbed in healthy cats. Addition of gabapentin did not result in more profound sedation, showing no clinical advantage of combining these drugs in this study population.
An umbrella review of the effectiveness of fiscal and pricing policies on food and non‐alcoholic beverages to improve health
Authors: Barry Luke E. , Kee Frank , Woodside Jayne , Clarke Mike , Cawley John , Doherty Edel , Crealey Grainne E. , Duggan Jim , O'Neill Ciaran
Published: April 2023

Poor quality diets represent major risk factors for the global burden of disease. Modeling studies indicate a potential for diet‐related fiscal and pricing policies (FPs) to improve health. There is real‐world evidence (RWE) that such policies can change behavior; however, the evidence regarding health is less clear. We conducted an umbrella review of the effectiveness of FPs on food and non‐alcoholic beverages in influencing health or intermediate outcomes like consumption. We considered FPs applied to an entire population within a jurisdiction and included four systematic reviews in our final sample. Quality appraisal, an examination of excluded reviews, and a literature review of recent primary studies assessed the robustness of our results. Taxes and, to some extent, subsidies are effective in changing consumption of taxed/subsidized items; however, substitution is likely to occur. There is a lack of RWE supporting the effectiveness of FPs in improving health but this does not mean that they are ineffective. FPs may be important for improving health but their design is critical. Poorly designed FPs may fail to improve health and could reduce support for such policies or be used to support their repeal. More high‐quality RWE on the impact of FPs on health is needed.
Luck egalitarianism and non‐overlapping generations
Authors: Finneron‐Burns Elizabeth
Published: April 2023

This paper argues that there are good reasons to limit the scope of luck egalitarianism to co‐existing people. First, I outline reasons to be sceptical about how “luck” works intergenerationally and therefore the very grounding of luck egalitarianism between non‐overlapping generations. Second, I argue that what Kasper Lippert‐Rasmussen calls the “core luck egalitarian claim” allows significant intergenerational inequality which is a problem for those who object to such inequality. Third, luck egalitarianism cannot accommodate the intuition that it might be required to leave future generations better off than we are, even if it would come at no cost to ourselves. Finally, I argue that following another, broader, version of luck egalitarianism would require us to level down future generations and possibly even ourselves, which is a problem for those persuaded by the levelling‐down objection.
Understanding ESL Preservice Teachers’ Metaphorical Epistemology in the Teaching Practicum Context
Authors: Zhu Gang , Zhang Aidong
Published: April 2023

This study examined twenty English as Second Language (ESL) preservice teachers’ learning-to-teach experiences amid the teaching practicums from the perspectives of social realist theory and practice architectures in the US. Through iterative discourse analysis and constant-comparative approach, this paper reveals four aspects of the participants’ metaphorical epistemology. First, the participants developed the constructivist metaphorical epistemology on ESL teaching by grappling with the emergent properties and practice architectures. Second, the participants’ metaphorical epistemology changed from pre-reflection and surface reflection to pedagogical reflection. Third, the participants modeled the reflective disposition by activating their personal emergent properties and tackling the social-political arrangements. Fourth, the participants’ metaphorical epistemology predominantly focuses on their pedagogical reasoning and negotiation of their multiple professional identities. Implications for facilitating ESL preservice teachers’ metaphorical epistemologies in the teaching practicum context are discussed.
Habitabilidad de las mujeres desplazadas por la violencia en Colombia: caso de La Primavera
Authors: Valencia Londoño Paula Andrea , Valencia Londoño Diana
Published: April 2023

La vida cotidiana de las mujeres ha sido moldeada por los espacios en que habitan (Soto, 2018); y en particular, esto es aplicable a la vida de las mujeres desplazadas por la violencia en Colombia. En tal sentido, este artículo pretende comprender los determinantes de género que subyacen a las condiciones de habitabilidad de estas mujeres y que delimitan su derecho a la ciudad. Para ello, se hace uso de los datos desagregados por género de una encuesta sobre habitabilidad aplicada a 72  cabezas de hogar (46 mujeres y 25 hombres), del asentamiento La Primavera. El análisis de los determinantes de género en tres escenarios: vivienda, espacio público y equipamientos y amenaza y riesgo de desastres, permite afirmar que  dichos determinantes se ven exacerbados por las afectaciones derivadas del conflicto armado, pero en contrapartida, las mujeres incrementan los esfuerzos para mejorar sus condiciones de habitabilidad en comparación con sus pares masculinos
Mental Health Resources for NCAA Student-Athletes
Authors: Everritt Megan , Rundio Amy
Published: April 2023

Alyssa Williams, the Student-Athlete Advisory Committee (SAAC) president at Oak Grove University (OGU), wants to meet with the assistant athletic director after conversing with the Student-Athlete Advisory Committee group dedicated to student-athlete well-being. Alyssa meets with Dr. Nora Coleman to discuss how student-athletes want more resources to support mental health conditions at Oak Grove University. Dr. Coleman agrees and asks Alyssa to readdress the Student-Athlete Advisory Committee group so they can identify the mental factors affecting them and to compare and contrast using internal and external resources. After finding this information, Alyssa will have a follow-up meeting with Dr. Coleman to make a proposal and address the university’s athletic board.
MICU1 regulates mitochondrial cristae structure and function independently of the mitochondrial Ca
2+
uniporter channel
Authors: Tomar Dhanendra , Thomas Manfred , Garbincius Joanne F. , Kolmetzky Devin W. , Salik Oniel , Jadiya Pooja , Joseph Suresh K. , Carpenter April C. , Hajnóczky György , Elrod John W.
Published: April 2023

MICU1 is a calcium (Ca
2+
)–binding protein that regulates the mitochondrial Ca
2+
uniporter channel complex (mtCU) and mitochondrial Ca
2+
uptake.
MICU1
knockout mice display disorganized mitochondrial architecture, a phenotype that is distinct from that of mice with deficiencies in other mtCU subunits and, thus, is likely not explained by changes in mitochondrial matrix Ca
2+
content. Using proteomic and cellular imaging techniques, we found that MICU1 localized to the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and directly interacted with the MICOS components MIC60 and CHCHD2 independently of the mtCU. We demonstrated that MICU1 was essential for MICOS complex formation and that MICU1 ablation resulted in altered cristae organization, mitochondrial ultrastructure, mitochondrial membrane dynamics, and cell death signaling. Together, our results suggest that MICU1 is an intermembrane space Ca
2+
sensor that modulates mitochondrial membrane dynamics independently of matrix Ca
2+
uptake. This system enables distinct Ca
2+
signaling in the mitochondrial matrix and at the intermembrane space to modulate cellular energetics and cell death in a concerted manner.
The Timing and Magnitude of the Type I Interferon Response Are Correlated with Disease Tolerance in Arbovirus Infection
Authors: Hardy Alexandra , Bakshi Siddharth , Furnon Wilhelm , MacLean Oscar , Gu Quan , Varjak Margus , Varela Mariana , Aziz Muhamad Afiq , Shaw Andrew E. , Pinto Rute Maria , Cameron Ruiz Natalia , Mullan Catrina , Taggart Aislynn E. , Da Silva Filipe Ana , Randall Richard E. , Wilson Sam J. , Stewart Meredith E. , Palmarini Massimo
Published: April 2023

The host immune response usually aims to inhibit virus replication in order to avoid cell damage and disease. In some cases, however, the infected host avoids the deleterious effects of infection despite high levels of viral replication.
Hydrochemical and Seasonally Conditioned Changes of Microbial Communities in the Tufa-Forming Freshwater Network Ecosystem
Authors: Čačković Andrea , Kajan Katarina , Selak Lorena , Marković Tamara , Brozičević Andrijana , Pjevac Petra , Orlić Sandi
Published: April 2023

Plitvice Lakes represent a rare freshwater ecosystem consisting of a complex network of lakes and waterfalls connecting them, as well as rivers and streams supplying water to the lake basin. The unique geomorphological, hydrological, biogeochemical, and biological phenomenon of Plitvice Lakes lies in the biodynamic process of forming tufa barriers.
Cefiderocol Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Is Linked to SHV Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Activities and Functional Loss of the Outer Membrane Porin OmpK35
Authors: Moon Sun Hee , Huang En
Published: April 2023

Understanding cefiderocol resistance mechanisms is essential for providing solutions to treat infections and to prevent resistance development. Cefiderocol resistance in
Klebsiella pneumoniae
AR 0047 is linked to SHV β-lactamase activities and functional loss of outer membrane porin. The cefiderocol-avibactam combination represents an opportunity to increase potency against cefiderocol-resistant pathogens.
Supplemental Material: Cenozoic slip along the southern Sierra Nevada normal fault, California (USA): A long-lived stable western boundary of the Basin and Range
Authors: Lee J. , al. et
Published: April 2023

 Figure 1 is interactive. Maps, labels, and data sets for this figure are organized in a series of layers that may be viewed separately or in combination using the capabilities of the Acrobat (PDF) layering function (click “Layers” icon along vertical bar on left side of window for display of available layers, or turn layers on or off by clicking the box that encompasses the layer label located within the gray box in the lower right corner of the map).

Figure 7 is interactive. Graph, labels, and data sets for this figure are organized in a series of layers that may be viewed separately or in combination using the capabilities of the Acrobat (PDF) layering function (click “Layers” icon along vertical bar on left side of window for display of available layers, and/or tturn layers on or off by clicking the box that encompasses the layer label located within the gray box beneath the plot).  

 
Minimal resilience and insurgent conflict: qualitative analysis of the resilience process in six primary health centres in central Mali
Authors: Lerosier Thomas , Touré Laurence , Diabaté Seydou , Diarra Yacouba , Ridde Valery
Published: April 2023

Background

In the context of universal health coverage in the Sahel, the study focuses on primary health centres and the difficulties of their implementation in the context of insurgency conflicts in central Mali.

Methods

This is qualitative research through a multiple case study. We selected six health centres according to a reasoned choice to bring together contrasting situations. We conducted 96 semistructured interviews and consulted secondary quantitative data on attendance. By focusing on community health centres, the conceptual approach focuses on the process of resilience that unfolds in a dual context of chronic health system dysfunctions and armed conflict.

Results

The resilience strategies deployed by health professionals were relatively basic and uncoordinated. In the end, it was the individuals who showed absorption. However, their room for manoeuvre was limited. In the most isolated health centres, resilience was based on subordinate, poorly trained staff, often from the locality. Degraded working conditions and fear caused a form of resignation among health workers.

Conclusion

The strategies and resources used showed a form of minimal resilience. This form is unfolding in a context marked by two structuring features. On the one hand, the Malian health system was relatively dysfunctional before the crisis, and on the other hand, the type of conflict was relatively low intensity that allowed health centres to remain open.
Observational analysis of documentation burden and data duplication in trauma patient pathways at a major trauma centre
Authors: Ludley Alistair , Ting Andrew , Malik Dean , Sivanadarajah Naveethan
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Trauma patients require extensive documentation across paper and electronic modalities. The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the documentation burden for trauma patients by contrasting entries against predetermined key information elements, dubbed ‘data entry points’ (DEPs) of a thorough trauma clerking, and by evaluating completeness of entries; and (2) to assess documentation for repetition using a Likert scale and through identification of copied data elements.

Methods

A 1-month retrospective observational pilot study analysing documentation within the first 24 hours of a patient’s presentation to a major trauma centre. Documentation was analysed across three platforms: paper notes, electronic health record (EHR) and patient organisation system (POS) entries. Entries were assessed against predetermined DEPs, for completeness, for directly copied elements and for uniqueness (using a Likert scale).

Results

30 patients were identified. The mean completeness of a clerking on paper, EHR and POS was 79%, 70% and 62%, respectively. Mean completeness decreased temporally down to 41% by the second ward round. The mean proportion of documented DEPs on paper, EHR and POS entries was 47%, 49% and 35%, respectively. 77% of POS entries contained copied elements, with a low level of uniqueness of 1.3/5.

Discussion

Our results show evidence of high documentation burden with unnecessary repetition of data entry in the management of trauma patients.

Conclusion

This pilot study of trauma patient documentation demonstrates multiple inefficiencies and a marked administrative burden, further compounded by the need to document across multiple platforms, which may lead to eventual patient safety concerns.
Patterns of genome size evolution versus fraction of repetitive elements in statu nascendi species: the case of the willistoni subgroup of Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
Authors: Antoniolli Henrique R.M. , Deprá Maríndia , Valente Vera L.S.
Published: April 2023

Genome size evolution is known to be related with transposable elements, yet such relation in incipient species remains poorly understood. For decades, the willistoni subgroup of Drosophila has been a model for evolutionary studies because of the different evolutionary stages and degrees of reproductive isolation its species present. Our main question here was how speciation influences genome size evolution and the fraction of repetitive elements, with a focus on transposable elements. We quantitatively compared the mobilome of four species and two subspecies belonging to this subgroup with their genome size, and performed comparative phylogenetic analyses. Our results showed that genome size and the fraction of repetitive elements evolved according to the evolutionary history of these species, but the content of transposable elements showed some discrepancies. Signals of recent transposition events were detected for different superfamilies. Their low genomic GC content suggests that in these species transposable element mobilization might be facilitated by relaxed natural selection. Additionally, a possible role of the superfamily DNA/ TcMar-Tigger in the expansion of these genomes was also detected. We hypothesize that the undergoing process of speciation could be promoting the observed increase in the fraction of repetitive elements and, consequently, genome size.
Resonant axion radiation conversion in solar spicules
Authors: Iwazaki Aiichi
Published: April 2023

It has recently been observed that solar spicules covering almost all of solar surface have strong magnetic field [Formula: see text]. They are supposed to be plasma jets emitted from chromosphere and they arrive up to [Formula: see text]. Their electron number density is such that [Formula: see text]. Corresponding plasma frequency [Formula: see text] (electron mass [Formula: see text]) is nearly equal to axion mass [Formula: see text]. Thus, resonant radiation conversion of axion with the mass can arise in the spicules. We show that radiations converted from axion dark matter possess flux density [Formula: see text]. The radiations show line spectrum with frequency [Formula: see text]. Our estimation has fewer ambiguities in physical parameters than similar estimation in neutron stars because physical parameters like electron number density have been more unambiguously observed in the sun. But, much strong solar thermal radiations would preclude sensitive observations of such radiations from the axions.
Entropy optimization in squeezed nanofluidic dissipative transport of radiative water conveying aluminum alloys
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Asogwa Kanayo Kenneth , Mabood F. , Badruddin I. A.
Published: April 2023

In this paper, squeezing transport of radiative water conveying aluminum alloys (i.e., AA7072 and AA7075) mobilized by entropy generation and dissipative energy is analyzed. Problem is formulated in a rotating frame with the consideration of magnetohydrodynamics and Joule heating aspects. Maxwell model for nanofluid has been used to incorporate the thermophysical properties of nanoelements. Formulated governing expressions have been transformed into system of ODEs by introducing similarity variables. The transformed system of ODEs is then numerically solved by Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF) method based on shooting background. The physical quantities (i.e., skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt and Bejan numbers) of scientific interest are formulated and illustrated via various plots. Graphical representations of squeezing function, temperature profile and velocity profile have been made to examine the effects of involved parameters. Streamlines and isotherms patterns have been formed and discussed. To authenticate the validity of model, skin-friction values have been compared with published literature for limited version of the model. Entropy and temperature of the system are improved with the involvement of aluminum alloys in water. Symmetrical behavior of streamlines is observed for positive approach of squeezing parameter.
Seedless and surfactant-free growth of flower-shaped ZnO nanostructures: Growth evolution mechanism
Authors: Raypah Muna E. , Ahmed Naser M. , Al-Hardan Naif H. , Almessiere Munirah A.
Published: April 2023

In this work, an innovative seedless and surfactant-free chemical bath deposition (CBD) method at low temperature was applied to obtain flower-shaped ZnO nanostructures (FZONSs) on glass and p-type silicon substrates for the first time. Structural properties of these FZONSs were examined. The NSs were produced from zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine, HMTA solution without any catalyst, template, or seed layer. An electric soldering iron pen was used to simultaneously heat the substrate and aqueous mixture of the constituents to grow the FZONSs. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of the samples showed the presence of three-dimensional (3D) flower-shaped nanomorphology. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy detected the right trace elements in the FZONSs. X-ray diffraction analysis of the as-grown samples confirmed the existence of high purity nanocrystalline hexagonal phase of ZnO with preferred growth along (002) lattice planer orientation. The growth of ZnO nanorods into unified flower-like morphology was interpreted using a nucleation dissolution-mediated recrystallization mechanism. The fabricated FZONSs may provide potential in various applications including advanced catalysts, sensing devices, and solar cells.
Calculation of defect formation energy of point defects in CdGa2Se4
Authors: Ibragimov G. B. , Mustafabeyli A. Sh. , Abiyev A. S.
Published: April 2023

The presented main studies of point defects in CdGa2Se4 chalcopyrite are considered to quantify the formation energies of three possible models of Cd, Ga and Se vacancy defects using various local density approximation (LDA) and general gradient approximation (GGA) approximations. Using supercells with 56 atoms, interatomic distances were calculated both for an ideal cell and a supercell containing vacancies. It was found that interatomic distance does not change only in a supercell containing Ga vacancy. Investigation shows that the Ga vacancy has a high defect formation energy (DFE) among other intrinsic vacancies and is therefore unstable. We found that for all vacancies, [Formula: see text] charge states are favorable.
Seeding the Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma with Ulam’s Spiral
Authors: Johnson Tim
Published: April 2023

Ulam’s spiral reveals patterns in the prime numbers by presenting positive integers in a right-angled whorl. The classic spatial prisoner’s dilemma (PD) reveals pathways to cooperation by presenting a model of agents interacting on a grid. This paper brings these tools together via a deterministic spatial PD model that distributes cooperators at the prime-numbered locations of Ulam’s spiral. The model focuses on a narrow boundary game variant of the PD for ease of comparison with early studies of the spatial PD. Despite constituting an initially small portion of the population, cooperators arranged in Ulam’s spiral always grow to dominance when (i) the payoff to free-riding is less than or equal to 8/6 (≈1.33) times the payoff to mutual cooperation and (ii) grid size equals or exceeds 23 × 23. As in any spatial PD model, particular formations of cooperators spur this growth and here these formations draw attention to rare configurations in Ulam’s spiral.
Gevrey Asymptotics for Logarithmic-Type Solutions to Singularly Perturbed Problems with Nonlocal Nonlinearities
Authors: Malek Stéphane
Published: April 2023

We investigate a family of nonlinear partial differential equations which are singularly perturbed in a complex parameter

ϵ

and singular in a complex time variable

t

at the origin. These equations combine differential operators of Fuchsian type in time

t

and space derivatives on horizontal strips in the complex plane with a nonlocal operator acting on the parameter

ϵ

known as the formal monodromy around 0. Their coefficients and forcing terms comprise polynomial and logarithmic-type functions in time and are bounded holomorphic in space. A set of logarithmic-type solutions are shaped by means of Laplace transforms relatively to

t

and

ϵ

and Fourier integrals in space. Furthermore, a formal logarithmic-type solution is modeled which represents the common asymptotic expansion of the Gevrey type of the genuine solutions with respect to

ϵ

on bounded sectors at the origin.
Calculation of RMS Current Load on DC-Link Capacitors for Multiphase Machine Drives under Carrier-Phase Shift Control
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Zhang Pengcheng , Zhang Yang , Zhang Wenjuan , Li Mengdi , Xiong Zichen
Published: April 2023

The reliability and economy of dc-link capacitors are important concerns in multiphase drive systems. Due to the parallel connection of several converters, the dc-link capacitors are subjected to a higher RMS current, and the root mean square (RMS) current of dc-link capacitors is an important reference standard to determine its lifetime, cost, and volume. In this paper, the RMS current of dc-link capacitor is calculated by using the dual Fourier integral method and the effect of carrier interleave is studied. Meanwhile, the modulation ratio, harmonic sidebands, and switching frequency are also considered. In order to optimize the reliability and economy of the multiphase drive system, a Cotes method combined with carrier-phase shifting technology (CPST) for calculating RMS current of the dc-link capacitor is proposed. The proposed method can provide optimization guidance for the design of dc-link capacitors. Finally, the analytical and experiment results are compared with the existing methods, and the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Path Planning Algorithm for the Multiple Depot Vehicle Routing Problem Based on Parallel Clustering
Authors: Han Xue
Published: April 2023

It is necessary to study the problem of vehicle routing in multidistribution centers to improve the speed, time, and cost thereof. It is preferable to use as few vehicles as possible to complete the delivery of goods and minimize the total mileage. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, machine learning is usually used to solve the problem of k shortest paths in multiple distribution centers. User needs are constantly changing; the iterative convergence speed of traditional machine learning methods is low and cannot meet the requirements of path planning in a big-data environment. Aiming at difficult problems in multipath planning, the parallel characteristics of traditional machine learning algorithms are fully exploited; k-means clustering and simulated annealing algorithms are improved through the distributed computing; and the multiple depot vehicle routing problem clustering analysis and path planning under the framework of Spark distributed computing are proposed. Through 30 simulation experiments on the TSPLIB dataset, the optimal solution is obtained with a 100% accuracy rate in problem solving. Experimental comparison and analysis show that the algorithm proposed in this article can solve the problem at least twice as fast as other parallel algorithms. This finding verifies that this method can effectively solve the multipath planning problem, thus greatly improving the quality and efficiency of path planning in large-scale logistics.
Multitask Sparse Representation of Two-Dimensional Variational Mode Decomposition Components for SAR Target Recognition
Authors: Weng Wenbo
Published: April 2023

A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) method is developed based on the two-dimensional variational mode decomposition (2D-VMD). 2D-VMD decomposes original SAR images into multiscale components, which depict the time-frequency properties of the targets. The original image and its 2D-VMD components are highly correlated, so the multitask sparse representation is chosen to jointly represent them. According to the resulted reconstruction errors of different classes, the target label of test sample can be classified. The moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) dataset is used to set up the standard operating condition (SOC) and several extended operating conditions (EOCs) including configuration variants, depression angle variances, noise corruption, and partial occlusion to test and validate the proposed method. The results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method compared with several state-of-the-art SAR ATR references.
Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Tosilate Combined with Propofol in Digestive Endoscopy: A Randomised Trial
Authors: Cui Liting , Shu Kun , Zhang Panpan , Cui Qihao , Yun Huifang
Published: April 2023

Current Knowledge and Objective. Remimazolam tosilate is a novel intravenous sedative of benzodiazepines with no tissue accumulation, which offers a faster onset of action and recovery time than midazolam. The aim of this trial was to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam (RM) combined with propofol and traditional propofol in painless digestive endoscopy with painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Methods. Patients were randomised into three groups: RM combined with propofol (RMP group, n = 35), RM (RM group, n = 40), and propofol (P group, n = 38). Each group received 0.1 μg/kg sufentanyl analgesia. An induction dose of 0.1 mg/kg RM and 1 mg/kg propofol was administered to the RMP group, 0.3 mg/kg RM to the RM group, and 2 mg/kg propofol to the P group. Per 5 min, the RMP and RM groups received an additional dose of 0.05 mg/kg RM, while the P group received an extra 0.5 mg/kg propofol. The comparisons involved induction regimen success rate, incidence of hypotension, low pulse rate, injection pain, grade of low oxygen saturation (SpO2), and postoperative adverse reactions. Results and Discussion. The RMP and P groups’ composition powers were 100%, and the RM group’s composition power was 95% (

P
=
0.113

). The incidence rates of hypotension were 40.0%, 18.4%, and 44.7% in the RMP, RM, and P groups, respectively (

P
=
0.037

). The low pulse incidence rates were 5.7%, 2.6%, and 5.3% in the RMP, RM, and P groups, respectively (

P
=
0.771

). The incidence rates of injection pain were 11.4%, 2.6%, and 26.3% in the RMP, RM, and P groups, respectively (

P
=
0.007

). There was no significant difference in low SpO2 severity scores (

P
=
0.148

). New Findings and Conclusion. Remimazolam tosilate combined with propofol can be used for painless endoscopy, with almost the same safety as propofol. Remimazolam tosilate produces a low incidence of adverse reactions and is a safe anaesthetic option for painless endoscopies.
Prospective Analysis Reveals Associations between Carbohydrate Intakes, Genetic Predictors of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis, and Colorectal Cancer Risk
Authors: Watling Cody Z. , Kelly Rebecca K. , Murphy Neil , Gunter Marc , Piernas Carmen , Bradbury Kathryn E. , Schmidt Julie A. , Key Timothy J. , Perez-Cornago Aurora
Published: April 2023

Whole grain and fiber intakes may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer. The interplay between host genetic factors, colonization of specific bacteria, production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and intake of whole grains and fiber could alter the protective role of carbohydrates against colorectal cancer. Here, we assessed intakes of types and sources of carbohydrates in 114,217 UK Biobank participants with detailed dietary data (2–5 24-hour dietary assessments), and a host polygenic score (PGS) was applied to categorize participants as high or low for intraluminal microbial SCFA production, namely, butyrate and propionate. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the associations of carbohydrates and SCFA with colorectal cancer incidence. During a median follow-up of 9.4 years, 1,193 participants were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Risk was inversely associated with intakes of non-free sugar and whole grain fiber. Evidence of heterogeneity was observed by the butyrate PGS; consuming higher amounts of whole grain starch was only associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer in those with predicted high SCFA production. Similarly, in additional analyses utilizing the larger UK Biobank cohort (N = 343,621) with less detailed dietary assessment, only individuals with a high genetically predicted butyrate production had a lower risk of colorectal cancer per 5 g/day intake of bread and cereal fiber. This study suggests that colorectal cancer risk varies by intake of carbohydrate types and sources, and the impact of whole grain intake may be modified by SCFA production.

Significance:

Prospective population-level analyses provide evidence supporting the importance of butyrate production in reduction of colorectal cancer risk by whole grain consumption.
Supplementary Figure S1 from An Immune-Related Gene Expression Signature Predicts Benefit from Adding Atezolizumab to FOLFOXIRI plus Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Antoniotti Carlotta , Boccaccino Alessandra , Seitz Robert , Giordano Mirella , Catteau Aurélie , Rossini Daniele , Pietrantonio Filippo , Salvatore Lisa , McGregor Kimberly , Bergamo Francesca , Conca Veronica , Leonetti Simone , Morano Federica , Papiani Giorgio , Tamburini Emiliano , Bensi Maria , Murgioni Sabina , Ross Douglas Teller , Passardi Alessandro , Boquet Isabelle , Nielsen Tyler J. , Galon Jérôme , Varga Matthew Gordon , Schweitzer Brock L. , Cremolini Chiara
Published: April 2023

Consort diagram of the study. Control arm indicates FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab. Atezo arm indicates FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab and atezolizumab.
Supplementary Table S3 from Osimertinib and Selpercatinib Efficacy, Safety, and Resistance in a Multicenter, Prospectively Treated Cohort of EGFR-Mutant and RET Fusion-Positive Lung Cancers
Authors: Rotow Julia , Patel Jyoti D. , Hanley Matthew P. , Yu Helena , Awad Mark , Goldman Jonathan W. , Nechushtan Hovav , Scheffler Matthias , Kuo Chih-Hsi S. , Rajappa Senthil , Harada Guilherme , Clifford Sarah , Santucci Alison , Silva Laura , Tupper Rebecca , Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Kherani Jennifer , Drilon Alexander
Published: April 2023

Combination therapy dosing
Supplementary Table S1 from Osimertinib and Selpercatinib Efficacy, Safety, and Resistance in a Multicenter, Prospectively Treated Cohort of EGFR-Mutant and RET Fusion-Positive Lung Cancers
Authors: Rotow Julia , Patel Jyoti D. , Hanley Matthew P. , Yu Helena , Awad Mark , Goldman Jonathan W. , Nechushtan Hovav , Scheffler Matthias , Kuo Chih-Hsi S. , Rajappa Senthil , Harada Guilherme , Clifford Sarah , Santucci Alison , Silva Laura , Tupper Rebecca , Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Kherani Jennifer , Drilon Alexander
Published: April 2023

Enrollment assay
C

ombination

A

TR (ceralasertib) and

P

A

R

P (olaparib)

I

nhibitor (CAPRI) Trial in Acquired PARP Inhibitor–Resistant Homologous Recombination–Deficient Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wethington Stephanie L. , Shah Payal D. , Martin Lainie , Tanyi Janos L. , Latif Nawar , Morgan Mark , Torigian Drew A. , Rodriguez Diego , Smith Simon A. , Dean Emma , Domchek Susan M. , Drapkin Ronny , Shih Ie-Ming , Brown Eric J. , Hwang Wei-Ting , Armstrong Deborah K. , Gaillard Stephanie , Giuntoli Robert , Simpkins Fiona
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

Addition of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase inhibitors (ATRi) to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) overcomes PARPi resistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cell and mouse models. We present the results of an investigator-initiated study of combination PARPi (olaparib) and ATRi (ceralasertib) in patients with acquired PARPi-resistant HGSOC.

Patients and Methods:

Eligible patients had recurrent, platinum-sensitive BRCA1/2 mutated or homologous recombination (HR)–deficient (HRD) HGSOC and clinically benefited from PARPi (response by imaging/CA-125 or duration of maintenance therapy; > 12 months first-line or > 6 months ≥ second-line) before progression. No intervening chemotherapy was permitted. Patients received olaparib 300 mg twice daily and ceralasertib 160 mg daily on days 1 to 7 of a 28-day cycle. Primary objectives were safety and objective response rate (ORR).

Results:

Thirteen patients enrolled were evaluable for safety and 12 for efficacy; 62% (n = 8) had germline BRCA1/2 mutations, 23% (n = 3) somatic BRCA1/2 mutations, and 15% (n = 2) tumors with positive HRD assay. Prior PARPi indication was treatment for recurrence (54%, n = 7), second-line maintenance (38%, n = 5) and first-line treatment with carboplatin/paclitaxel (8%, n = 1). There were 6 partial responses yielding an ORR of 50% (95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.72). Median treatment duration was 8 cycles (range 4–23+). Grade (G) 3/4 toxicities were 38% (n = 5); 15% (n = 2) G3 anemia, 23% (n = 3) G3 thrombocytopenia, 8% (n = 1) G4 neutropenia. Four patients required dose reductions. No patient discontinued treatment due to toxicity.

Conclusions:

Combination olaparib and ceralasertib is tolerable and shows activity in HR-deficient platinum-sensitive recurrent HGSOC that benefited and then progressed with PARPi as the penultimate regimen. These data suggest that ceralasertib resensitizes PARPi-resistant HGSOCs to olaparib, warranting further investigation.
Supplemental Figure S9 from Reprogramming Cancer into Antigen-Presenting Cells as a Novel Immunotherapy
Authors: Linde Miles H. , Fan Amy C. , Köhnke Thomas , Trotman-Grant Aaron C. , Gurev Sarah F. , Phan Paul , Zhao Feifei , Haddock Naomi L. , Nuno Kevin A. , Gars Eric J. , Stafford Melissa , Marshall Payton L. , Dove Christopher G. , Linde Ian L. , Landberg Niklas , Miller Lindsay P. , Majzner Robbie G. , Zhang Tian Yi , Majeti Ravindra
Published: April 2023

Primary B-ALL TR-APCs can be generated via exogenous cytokine stimulation
Supplemental Figure S1 from Reprogramming Cancer into Antigen-Presenting Cells as a Novel Immunotherapy
Authors: Linde Miles H. , Fan Amy C. , Köhnke Thomas , Trotman-Grant Aaron C. , Gurev Sarah F. , Phan Paul , Zhao Feifei , Haddock Naomi L. , Nuno Kevin A. , Gars Eric J. , Stafford Melissa , Marshall Payton L. , Dove Christopher G. , Linde Ian L. , Landberg Niklas , Miller Lindsay P. , Majzner Robbie G. , Zhang Tian Yi , Majeti Ravindra
Published: April 2023

In vivo doxycycline administration results in significant TR-APC induction throughout tumors