bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leptolepis, Paraleptolepis (Teleostei) and a New Fish Name
Authors: Arratia G.
Published: June 2014

A new genus and species, Paraleptolepis wiedenrothi Arratia & Thies, 2001 was recently described from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia shale of northern Germany. Unfortunately, the name Paraleptolepis is currently occupied by a Japanese fish genus of Early Cretaceous age, which is unrelated to the so-called leptolepiforms. A new name, Longileptolepis, is proposed for the German Toarcian genus. Differences between both genera are discussed.

 Eine neue Gattung und Art, Paraleptolepis wiedenrothi Arratia & Thies. 2001 wurde kürzlich aus den unterjurassischen Posidonienschiefern Norddeutschlands beschrieben. Leider ist der Name Paraleptolelpis für eine japanische Fischgattung frühkretazischen Alters präokkupiert; diese Form ist nicht mit den sogenannten Leptolepiformen verwandt. Ein neuer Name, Longileptolepis, wird für die Gattung aus dem deutschen Toarcium vorgeschlagen. Die Unterschiede zwischen beiden Gattungen werden diskutiert.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20030060108
Maier, Gerhard (2003). African Dinosaurs Unearthed. The Tendaguru Expeditions. 380 pp., 50 figs.: Bloomington and Indianapolis (Indiana University Press). $ 49.90
Authors: Schultze H.-P.
Published: June 2014

No abstract is available for this article.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20030060112
Conodonta, Trilobita, and Anthozoa near the Late Frasnian Upper Kellwasser Event of the Geipel Quarry section in Schleiz, Thuringian Mountains (Germany)
Authors: Weyer D. , Feist R. , Girard C.
Published: June 2014

New recoveries of Trilobita, Anthozoa and Conodonta from the linguiformis Zone close to the Frasnian/Famennian boundary and Immediately preceding the Upper Kellwasser Event level at Schleiz (Thuringia) are investigated. The trilobites species are Harpes neogracilis Richter & Richter, 1924, Palpebralia cf. brecciae (Richter, 1913) and Acuticryphops acuticeps (Kayser, 1889), the latter is represented by several morphs with different numbers of eye-lenses; the trend to eye-reduction is discussed. The Rugosa fauna that was nearly unknown from the psychrospheric facies worldwide, comprise six taxa of the Cyathaxoniina. The rich conodont faunas permit tracing the exact boundary between the top of the Late Palmatolepis rhenana Zone and the Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone.

 Im Niveau der Frasnium/Famennium-Grenze werden neue Fossilfunde der letzten Trilobita, Anthozoa und Conodonta aus der linguiformis-Zone (vor dem Oberen Kellwasser-Event) mitgeteilt. Harpes neogracilis Richter & Richter, 1924, Palpebralia cf. brecciae (Richter, 1913) und Acuticryphops acuticeps (Kayser, 1889) wurden beobachtet; bei letzterem wird an Hand verschiedener Morphen mit unterschiedlicher Linsenzahl der Trend zur Augenreduktion diskutiert. Von der Rugosa-Fauna, die weltweit aus solcher psychrosphaerischer Fazies fast unbekannt blieb, sind sechs Taxa der Cyathaxoniina skizziert. Die reichen Condonta-Faunen erlauben eine präzise Grenzziehung zwischen dem Top der Late Palmatolepis rhenana-Zone und der Palmatolepis linguiformis-Zone.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20030060104
High resolution stratigraphy of the Devonian-Carboniferous transitional beds in the Rhenish Mountains
Authors: Korn D. , Weyer D.
Published: June 2014

The Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary sections at Hasselbachtal, Oese, Apricke, and Ober-Rödinghausen, all located at the northern margin of the Rhenish Mountains, were measured in detail. A semi-quantitative evaluation of the carbonate content and resulting carbonate curves permitted a highly exact correlation of these sections. This result is supported by data on ammonoid records and volcanoclastic horizons. Carbonate fluctuations within the Hangenberg Limestone are regarded as showing a 100000 years cyclicity. A new ammonoid genus Hasselbachia n. gen. and the species Paprothites ruzhencevi n. sp. are described. Among the rugose corals, a new species Hillaxon hassel n. sp., is erected.

 Die Devon/Karbon-Grenzprofile Hasselbachtal, Oese, Apricke und Ober-Rödinghausen, alle auf der Nordflanke des Remscheid-Altenaer Sattels gelegen, wurden detailliert aufgenommen. Die halbquantitative Ermittlung des Karbonatgehaltes und daraus resultierenden Karbonatkurven eignen sich für eine sehr genaue Korrelation dieser Profile, die durch Funde von Ammonoideen sowie durch vulkanoklastische Horizonte unterstützt wird. Wechsel im Karbonatgehalt werden als 100000 Jahres-Zyklizität gedeutet. Die neue Ammonoideen-Gattung Hasselbachia n. gen. sowie die Art Paprothites ruzhencevi n. sp. werden beschrieben. Unter den rugosen Korallen wird die neue Art Hillaxon hassel n. sp. errrichtet.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20030060105
Allostaffia, a new genus name for Staffia Heinrich, 1999 (Allotheria, Haramiyida) preoccupied by Staffia Schubert, 1911 (Protista, Foraminifera)
Authors: Heinrich W.-D.
Published: June 2014

The genus name Staffia Heinrich, 1999 published for a Jurassic allotherian mammal from Tendaguru, Tanzania, is preoccupied by Staffia Schubert, 1911 (Protista, Foraminifera). A replacement name, Allostaffia, is proposed here.

 Der Gattungsname Staffia Heinrich, 1999, der für einen Haramiyiden (Mammalia, Allotheria) aus dem Oberjura von Tendaguru, Tansania (Ostafrika) vergeben wurde, ist durch Staffia Schubert, 1911 (Protista, Foraminifera) präokkupiert. Er wird daher durch den neuen Namen Allostaffia ersetzt.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20040070108
Editorial
Authors: Schultze H.-P.
Published: June 2014

No abstract is available for this article.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20040070102
Die Gattung Erratencrinurus Krueger, 1971 (Trilobita; Ordovizium) aus baltoskandischen Geschieben
Authors: Krueger H.-H.
Published: June 2014

Aus der mittel- bis oberordovizischen Trilobitenfamilie Encrinuridae, die in Baltoskandia durch die Untergattungen Erratencrinurus und Celtencrinurus repräsentiert wird, werden achtzehn Arten beschrieben, darunter die vier neuen Arten Erratencrinurus (E.) sellinensis, E. (E.) heinrichi, E. (E.) praecapricornu und E. (E.) rhebergeni. Das überwiegende Material stammt aus dem schwer zu präparierenden Ostseekalk. Die Tripp'sche Tuberkelformel wurde der Erratencrinurus-Gruppe angepasst; innerhalb der Erratencrinurus-Gruppe können drei verschiedene Schilder-Typen des scutum rostrale nachgewiesen werden. Unterschiedliche Tuberkeltypen bis hin zu extremen Stacheln wurden beschrieben. Außerdem kann eine Reduzierung von drei Thoraxialstacheln im Mittelordovizium zu einem im oberen Oberordovizium festgestellt werden. Verschiedene Regionen des Panzers von Erratencrinurus (E.) sellinensis, die Porenkanäle besitzen, werden dargestellt. Ein neuer Häutungstyp kann an Panzerhemden von Erratencrinurus (E.) seebachi beschrieben werden.

 In Baltoscandia the Middle to Late Ordovician trilobite family Encrinurida is represented by the two subgenera Erratencrinurus and Celtencrinurus. Out of these 18 species, four new species are described herein. Most of the material comes from the Ostseekalk which is an extremely hard rock and thus difficult to preparate. The tubercle formula after Tripp is applied to the Erratencrinurus group and led to the distinction of three different types of scutum rostrale shields. Various types of tubercles which may even pass into extreme spines are described. The number of thoracic spines becomes reduced from three spines in Middle Ordovician taxa to a single spine in youngest Ordovician species. Different parts of the carapace of Erratencrinurus sellinensis with pore canals are illustrated and a new moulting type of E. seebachi is introduced. New species are E. sellinensis. E. heinrichi, E. praecapricornu and E. (E.) rhebergeni.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.20040070106
New osteichthyans (bony fishes) from the Devonian of Central Australia
Authors: Young G. C. , Schultze H.-P.
Published: June 2014

Osteichthyan remains described from two localities in Central Australia (Mount Winter, Amadeus Basin, and southern Toomba Range, Georgina Basin) include the dipnoan Amadeodipterus kencampbelli n. gen., n. sp., the osteolepidid Muranjilepis winterensis n. gen., n. sp., and the onychodontid Luckeus abudda n. gen., n. sp., as well as indeterminate holoptychiid scales, osteolepidid scales of a new type from the Georgina Basin locality, and indeterminate onychodontid remains from both localities. Amadeodipterus n. gen. is a short-headed dipterid dipnoan with bones A and H enclosed into the skull roof; Muranjilepis n. gen. is a small form with short postparietal and parietoethmoidal shields, large orbits, and large pores of the sensory line system. It is closest to Thursius, and some Chinese osteolepidid material. Luckeus n. gen. is based on an onychodontid lower jaw with Meckel’s cartilage separately ossified perichondrally from the dentary and infradentary, and carrying the parasymphysial tooth whorl. Different osteichthyan taxa at the two localities indicate a difference in age and/or palaeoenvironment within the Early-Middle Devonian.

 Knochenfischreste aus zwei Fundorten Zentralaustraliens (Mount Winter, Amadeus Becken und südlicher Toomba Rücken, Georgina Becken) umfassen den Lungenfisch Amadeodipterus kencampbelli n. gen., n. sp., den osteolepididen Sarcopterygier Muranjilepiswinterensis n. gen., n. sp., und den onychodontiden Sarcopterygier Luckeus abudda n. gen., n. sp., sowie unbestimmte holoptychiide und osteolepidide Schuppen eines neuen Typs aus dem Fundort im Georgina Becken und unbestimmte onychodontide Reste von beiden Fundorten. Amadeodipterus n. gen. ist ein kurz-schädeliger Lungenfisch, bei dem die Knochen A und H in das Schädeldach miteingeschlossen sind. Bei Muranjilepis n. gen. handelt es sich um einen kleinen Osteolepididen mit kurzem Postparietal- und Parietoethmoidal-Schild, großen Augenhöhlen und großen Poren des Sinneskanalsystems; er ist am nächsten mit Thursius und einigen chinesischen Osteolepididen verwandt. Ein unbestimmter onychodontider Unterkiefer zeigt ein wahrscheinlich primitives Merkmal in der perichondralen Verknöcherung des Meckelschen Knorpels getrennt von Dentale und Infradentale, der die Unterlage der parasymphysialen Zahnspirale bildet. Verschiedene Knochenfischtaxa treten an den beiden Lokalitäten auf; das deutet auf unterschiedliches Alter und/oder Palaeoenviroment an der Unter-Mitteldevongrenze zwischen beiden Lokalitäten hin.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200410002
Considerations on a Brachauchenius skeleton (Pliosauroidea) from the lower Paja Formation (late Barremian) of Villa de Leyva area (Colombia)
Authors: Hampe O.
Published: June 2014

A nearly complete pliosaurid skeleton has been discovered in the Barremian deposits (Formación Paja) of Villa de Leyva in early 2004. The new find belongs to the genus Brachauchenius and consists of the cranium with a slightly damaged and partially concretionally covered occipital region and a neck with 13 cervical vertebrae. The trunk, both forelimbs and the left hindlimb are preserved. The posterior part of the pelvic girdle and the caudal vertebrae are lacking. The Colombian Brachauchenius represents the first re-occurrence of the non-rhomaleosaurid pliosaurs after a Berriasian-Hauterivian hiatus.

 Anfang 2004 wurde das nahezu vollständige Skelett eines Pliosauriers in den Ablagerungen des Barremium (Formación Paja) von Villa de Leyva entdeckt und freigelegt. Der Neufund ist der Gattung Brachauchenius zuzuordnen. Überliefert sind das Cranium mit leicht beschädigter und teilweise konkretionär überdeckter Occipitalregion und eine Halswirbelsäule bestehend aus 13 Wirbeln. Das Rumpfskelett, beide Vorderextremitäten sowie die linke Hinterextremität sind erhalten. Der hintere Abschnitt des Beckengürtels und der Schwanzbereich fehlen. Der kolumbianische Brachauchenius stellt das erste Wiedererscheinen der nicht-rhomaleosauriden Pliosaurier nach dem Berriasium-Hauterivium Hiatus dar.

 Un esqueleto de pliosaurio, casi completo, fué descubierto en depósitos barremianos (Formación Paja) de Villa de Leyva, a comienzos del año 2004. El nuevo hallazgo consiste de un cráneo que tiene la región occipital parcialmente dañada e incompletamente incluida en una concreción y el cuello representado por 13 vértebras cervicales. El tronco, ambos miembros anteriores y sólo un miembro posterior están preservados. La parte posterior de la aleta pélvica y las vértebras caudales no están preservadas. El nuevo especimen fósil se incluye en el género Brachauchenius. El Brachauchenius colombiano representa la primera reaparición de pliosaurios no rhomaleosaurid despues del intervalo Berriasiano-Hauteriviano.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200410003
Baltic amber harvestman types (Arachnida: Opiliones: Eupnoi and Dyspnoi)
Authors: Dunlop J. A.
Published: June 2014

Baltic amber eupnoid and dyspnoid types (Arachnida: Opiliones) in the Berendt collection are redescribed from their repository in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. Type specimens of Caddo dentipalpis (Koch & Berendt, 1854), Dicranopalpus ramiger (Koch & Berendt, 1854), Nemastoma (?) incertum Koch & Berendt, 1854, Mitostoma (?) denticulatum (Koch & Berendt, 1854) and Histricostoma (?) tuberculatum (Koch & Berendt, 1854) are all redescribed and the first photographs and camera lucida drawings of this material are presented. N.  (?) incertum is removed from synonymy with M.  (?) denticulatum. The status of the other Baltic amber harvestman types and their affinities are discussed. The type of Sabacon bachofeni Roewer, 1939 (= S. claviger (Menge, 1854)) held in the Bavarian State collection, Munich is also redescribed here, but the repository of three other Roewer harvestman types and all of Menge’s types remains uncertain. The problematic Cheiromachus coriaceus Menge, 1854 is considered a nomen dubium, as is Phalangium succineum Presl, 1822, which may not even be a harvestman.

 Typenmaterial der Weberknecht-Gruppen Eupnoi und Dyspnoi (Arachnida: Opiliones) vom Baltischen Bernstein aus der Berendt-Sammlung des Museums für Naturkunde Berlin wurde bearbeitet. Dabei wurde das Typusmaterial von Caddo dentipalpis (Koch & Berendt, 1854), Dicranopalpus ramiger (Koch & Berendt, 1854), Nemastoma (?) incertum Koch & Berendt, 1854, Mitostoma (?) denticulatum (Koch & Berendt, 1854) und Histricostoma (?) tuberculatum (Koch & Berendt, 1854) revidiert und die ersten Fotografien und camera lucida-Zeichnungen dieses Materials hergestellt. N.  (?) incertum wurde aus der Synonymie von M.  (?) denticulatum herausgenommen. Der Status der anderen Weberknecht Typen aus dem Baltischen Bernstein und ihre Stellung werden diskutiert. Sabacon bachofeni Roewer, 1939 (= S. claviger (Menge, 1854)) wird anhand des Holotypus aus der Bayerischen Staatssammlung München wiederbeschrieben. Der Aufbewahrungsort dreier weiterer Weberknecht-Typen von Roewer und sämtlicher Typen von Menge bleibt weiterhin unklar. Der problematische Cheiromachus coriaceus Menge, 1854 wird als nomen dubium interpretiert; gleiches gilt fürPhalangium succineum Presl, 1822, welcher vielleicht gar kein Weberknecht ist.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200600006
A Maastrichtian microbial reef and associated limestones in the Roca Formation of Patagonia (Neuquén Province, Argentina)
Authors: Kiessling W. , Scasso R. , Aberhan M. , Ruiz L. , Weidemeyer S.
Published: June 2014

We describe a small microbial reef and associated limestones occurring in a Maastrichtian transgressive succession of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic lithologies at Sierra Huantraico near Chos Malal (Neuquén, Argentina). Strontium isotope data suggest that the reef is of earliest Maastrichtian age. The small reef (0.8 m thick, 2 m wide) is mostly composed of peloidal bindstone, dense stromatolite-cement crusts and thrombolite. Except for some ostracods, no metazoan fossils were found in the reef structure, although the majority of peloids are fecal pellets, probably of larger crustaceans. Small foraminifers with calcite tests and probable green algae have also been noted. Sedimentological data and fossils within and immediately above the reef suggest that the reef was formed in a transgressive systems tract under freshwater to brackish-water conditions. Limestones above the reef are serpulid-bryozoan packstones and intraclast-ooid grainstones. These limestones yield a mixture of typical non-tropical (common serpulids and bryozoans) and typical tropical aspects (common dasycladaceans and ooids). This mosaic is explained by salinity fluctuations, which in our case dominate over temperature in determining the grain associations.

 Wir beschreiben ein kleines mikrobielles Riff, das in der Sierra Hunatraico (Neuquén, Argentinien) in einer transgressiven, gemischt siliziklastisch-kalkigen Abfolge gefunden wurde. Nach Strontiumisotopen-Datierung ist das Riff in das unterste Maastrichtium zu stellen. Das kleine Riff (0,8 m Mächtigkeit, 2 m Breite) besteht überwiegend aus peloidalem Bindstone, dichten Stromatolith-Zement-Krusten und Thrombolith. Mit Ausnahme von Ostrakoden konnten keine Metazoen in der Riffstruktur nachgewiesen werden, obwohl die Mehrzahl der Peloide als Kotpillen zu interpretieren sind, die vermutlich auf größere Krebse zurückgehen. Kleine Foraminiferen und mögliche Grünalgen sind die einzigen zusätzlich nachweisbaren Eukaryoten. Die Fossilien im Riff und in den überlagernden Kalken sprechen für ein Riffwachstum unter transgressiven aber hyposalinen Bedingungen. Die Kalke über dem Riff tragen ein gemischtes paläoklimatisches Signal, das sowohl typisch nicht-tropische als auch typisch tropische Komponenten beinhaltet. Dieses Mosaik ist möglicherweise durch die starken Salinitätsschwankungen erklärbar und erfordert ein Überdenken der bisherigen Modelle zur klimatischen Steuerung der Karbonatsedimentation.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200600007
Freshwater actinopterygians of the Los Rastros Formation (Triassic), Bermejo Basin, Argentina
Authors: López-Arbarello A. , Rogers R. , Puerta P.
Published: June 2014

The present paper includes detailed descriptions of all fossil fishes known from the Los Rastros Formation (Ladinian; Bermejo Basin, Argentina). Four taxa are identified: Gualolepis carinaesquamosa  n. gen. n. sp., Rastrolepis  n. gen. with two species R . riojaensis n. sp. and R. latipinnata n. sp., and Challaiaelongata n. comb. Gualolepis  n. gen. and Rastrolepis n. gen. are incertae sedis actinopterygians. The opercular bones of Gualolepis resemble those in peipiaosteid acipenseriforms and the fish might be related with the Chondrostei. The most distinctive features of Rastrolepis are the narrow opercular region and the presence of a very large plate-like branchiostegal bone resembling the condition in the Redfieldiiformes. Challaiaelongata, originally described in the Australian genus Myriolepis, is here refered to the genus Challaia, previously known from the nearby Cuyo Basin and representing the first fish taxon common to both continental sequences. Furthermore, Challaia is shown to be a member of the Acrolepidae and represents the youngest record of the family in Gondwana.

 Alle fossilen Fische, die bisher von der Los Rastros Formation (Ladin; Bermejo-Becken, Argentinien) bekannt sind, werden im Detail beschrieben. Vier Taxa können identifiziert werden: Gualolepis carinaesquamosa  n. gen. n. sp., Rastrolepis  n. gen., mit zwei Arten, R . riojaensis  n. sp. und R . latipinnata  n. sp., und Challaiaelongata comb. nov. Gualolepis  n. gen. und Rastrolepis  n. gen. Actynopterygier unsicherer systematischer Stellung. Die Operkular-Knochen von Gualolepis ähneln jenen der peipiaosteiden Acipenseriformen und das Taxon mag mit den Chondrostei verwandt sein. Die auffälligsten Merkmale von Rastrolepis sind die sehr schmale Operkularregion und das Vorhandensein eines sehr großen, plattigen Branchiostegale, das dem Zustand in Redfieldiiformen ähnelt. Challaiaelongata, ursprünglich zu der australischen Gattung Myriolepis gestellt, wird hier der Gattung Challaia zugeordnet, die bisher nur aus dem nahegelegenen Cuyo-Becken bekannt war und repräsentiert somit das erste Fisch-Taxon, das in beiden Sequenzen vorkommt. Zudem kann gezeigt werden, dass Challaia zu den Acrolepidae gehört und somit den jüngsten Nachweis dieser Gruppe in Gondwana darstellt.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200600011
The Viséan sedimentary succession at the Gara el Itima (Anti-Atlas, Morocco) and its ammonoid faunas
Authors: Klug C. , Döring S. , Korn D. , Ebbighausen V.
Published: June 2014

A late Viséan section of clastic and carbonatic rocks is described from the eastern part of the Anti-Atlas (Morocco). The sedimentary succession is a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic system influenced by sea-level fluctuations. The sedimentology of the section is interpreted with respect to transgressive-regressive cycles and systems tracts. Highstand sediments yielded ammonoid assemblages from six horizons; a total of 1,040 specimens separated into 20 species are described in the palaeontological section. The genus Itimaites is new, together with the 16 new species Itimaites parabolicus n. sp., Calygirtyoceras zrigatense n. sp., Sudeticeras fornicum n. sp., Sudeticeras pusillobatum n. sp., Sudeticeras occultornatum n. sp., Goniatites rodioni n. sp., Goniatites gerberi n. sp., Goniatites evelinae n. sp., Hypergoniatites fusiger n. sp., Neogoniatites worki n. sp., Dombarites bellornatus n. sp., Platygoniatites rhanemensis n. sp., Ferganoceras torridum n. sp., Prolecanites meandricus n. sp., Prolecanites mapesi n. sp., Epicanites hamianensis n. sp., and Megapronorites itimensis n. sp.

 Ein aus Klastika und Karbonaten aufgebautes Obervisé-Profil wird vom östlichen Bereich des Anti-Atlas (Marokko) beschrieben. Bei der Sedimentabfolge handelt es sich um ein gemischtes Ablagerungssystem aus Karbonaten und Siliziklastika, das durch Meeresspiegelschwankungen gesteuert wurde. Die Sedimentologie des Profiles wurde hinsichtlich Transgressions-Regressions Zyklen und System Trakten interpretiert. Hochstand-Sedimente lieferten Ammonoideen-Vergesellschaftungen aus sechs Horizonten; insgesamt wurden 1040 Exemplare gefunden, die 20 Arten zugeordnet wurden und im paläontologischen Teil beschrieben sind. Die Gattung Itimaites sowie die 16 Arten Itimaites parabolicus n. sp., Calygirtyoceras zrigatense n. sp., Sudeticeras fornicum n. sp., Sudeticeras pusillobatum n. sp., Sudeticeras occultornatum n. sp., Goniatites rodioni n. sp., Goniatites gerberi n. sp., Goniatites evelinae n. sp., Hypergoniatites fusiger n. sp., Neogoniatites worki n. sp., Dombarites bellornatus n. sp., Platygoniatites rhanemensis n. sp., Ferganoceras torridum n. sp., Prolecanites meandricus n. sp., Prolecanites mapesi n. sp., Epicanites hamianensis n. sp. und Megapronorites itimensis n. sp. sind neu.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200600001
Middle/late Miocene hoplocetine sperm whale remains (Odontoceti: Physeteridae) of North Germany with an emended classification of the Hoplocetinae
Authors: Hampe O.
Published: June 2014

Hoplocetus ritzi n. sp. is a new hoplocetine physeterid from the Bolboforma fragori /subfragoris Zone of the middle/late Miocene mica-clay of Groß Pampau in Schleswig-Holstein, North Germany. The Hoplocetinae are known from the early Miocene to the Pliocene. Comparative studies of cranial characters and tooth morphology allow an emended diagnosis of the Hoplocetinae Cabrera, 1926. Four genera, Diaphorocetus, Idiorophus, Scaldicetus, and Hoplocetus are included in this subfamily. The pattern of functional tooth wear deduced from the described Hoplocetus ritzi n. sp. remains is reminescent of that known from Orcinus orca. The hoplocetine physeterids possibly occupied the killer whale niche before the killer whales appeared during the middle Pliocene.

 Mit Hoplocetusritzi n. sp. wird ein neuer hoplocetiner Physeteride beschrieben. Der Fund stammt aus der Bolboformafragori /subfragoris Zone des mittel-/obermiozänen Glimmertons von Groß Pampau in Schleswig-Holstein, Norddeutschland. Die Hoplocetinae sind vom unteren Miozän bis ins Pliozän nachgewiesen. Anhand vergleichender Untersuchungen an wenigen Schädelmerkmalen und der Zahnmorphologie gelingt eine Neudiagnose der Hoplocetinae Cabrera, 1926 und eine vorläufige Abgrenzung zwischen den als valid angesehenen Gattungen dieser Unterfamilie, Diaphorocetus, Idiorophus, Scaldicetus und Hoplocetus. Das Abkauungsmuster der Zähne von Hoplocetusritzi n. sp. erinnert an das des heutigen Orcinusorca. Möglicherweise sind die hoplocetinen Pottwale habituell den Schwertwalen, die erdgeschichtlich erstmals im mittleren Pliozän auftreten, vergleichbar.

 doi:10.1002/mmng.200600002
Adopting a Strategy for Enhancing Generic Skills in Engineering Education
Authors: Krassadaki Evangelia , Lakiotaki Kleanthi , Matsatsinis Nikolaos F.
Published: June 2014

It is remarkable how often academic staff discover students' weaknesses in expressing their thoughts in written and oral contexts, and in team working. To examine these weaknesses, a study was conducted in 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 of students taking an engineering course. Students self-reported an initial high level of weakness in both communication skills (writing and speaking), while expressing higher levels of confidence in their team working skills. This suggested that there was significant potential for improvement in both forms of communication skills and a lower potential for the improvement of team-working skills. On that basis the Technical University of Crete organized short training workshops based on experiential learning methods, during the academic year 2012–13. Other factors taken into account were the lack of awareness of such skills in traditionally-organized Greek universities; the inability to redesign all courses, currently dependent on a content-based curriculum, on a competency basis; and findings in the international literature, which highlight specific generic skills of engineering students as essential to their studies and future career prospects. The aim was to enhance the three skills of writing, speaking and team working. Participation was voluntary and open to students from all schools in the university. This paper assesses this initiative and analyses the contribution of the workshops to skills development.
The Growth of a Tree—A Metaphor for Reflecting on the Role of JRME
Authors: Ellerton Nerida F.
Published: June 2014

Research journals like JRME play key roles through the publication of peerreviewed research, and it is through such publications that the field has the potential to grow. The metaphor of a growing tree is a useful one to explore in the context of mathematics education research. Growth in the natural world is generally multidimensional. A tree's growth is measured not only in terms of its height but also in terms of the girth of its trunk, the spread of its branches, and the development of a substantial root system, all of which are essential for the tree's continued growth and survival. Soil nutrients need to be replenished, and without sufficient moisture, growth is arrested, and the tree becomes stunted. Many of the most interesting natural landscapes include a range of tree species as well as supporting undergrowth.
Benefits for Women and Men of Inquiry-Based Learning in College Mathematics: A Multi-Institution Study
Authors: Laursen Sandra L. , Hassi Marja-Liisa , Kogan Marina , Weston Timothy J.
Published: June 2014

Slow faculty uptake of research-based, student-centered teaching and learning approaches limits the advancement of U.S. undergraduate mathematics education. A study of inquiry-based learning (IBL) as implemented in over 100 course sections at 4 universities provides an example of such multicourse, multi-institution uptake. The study suggests the real-world promise of broad uptake of student-centered teaching methods that improve learning outcomes and, ultimately, student retention in college mathematics.
The Relationship Between Teachers' Mathematical Content and Pedagogical Knowledge, Teachers' Perceptions, and Student Achievement
Authors: Campbell Patricia F. , Nishio Masako , Smith Toni M. , Clark Lawrence M. , Conant Darcy L. , Rust Amber H. , DePiper Jill Neumayer , Frank Toya Jones , Griffin Matthew J. , Choi Youyoung
Published: June 2014

This study of early-career teachers identified a significant relationship between upper-elementary teachers' mathematical content knowledge and their students' mathematics achievement, after controlling for student- and teacher-level characteristics. Findings provide evidence of the relevance of teacher knowledge and perceptions for teacher preparation and professional development programs.
Can Technology Help in Mathematical Assessments? A Review of Computer Aided Assessment of Mathematics
Authors: Kloosterman Peter , Warren Tracey L. J.
Published: June 2014

Computer Aided Assessment of Mathematics focuses on assessment in college mathematics courses with a special focus on computer-based assessment as a means of providing partial credit and immediate feedback on student work. Written by Chris Sangwin, a senior lecturer in mathematics at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, the book is an important resource for mathematicians or software developers interested in understanding the promise and the pitfalls of using computers to assess student work in college courses. Each chapter of the book addresses a different issue so readers have the option of reading most of them out of order or selecting the chapters that are most valuable to them. Thus, in addition to describing Sangwin's perspectives on teaching and assessing mathematics, this review is designed to help readers decide which chapters in the book will be useful to them.
Neglect is a Spatial Failure of Alerting Mechanisms Required for Awareness: An ERP Study
Authors: Heikki Hämäläinen  , Myoung Soo Kwon  , Arja Lindell  , Maarit Jalas  , Jutta Torsti  , Olli Tenovuo
Published: June 2014

In the present study, we describe a group of right brain-damaged (RBD) patients with neglect or extinction, most of them affected in all three (visual, auditory, somatosensory) modalities studied. We applied event-related potential (ERP) analysis to reveal the neural mechanisms underlying hemispatial neglect. ERPs to stimuli of all three modalities were determined for the patients with neglect/extinction at (sub)acute phase, and 3 and 12 months post-stroke. Our results demonstrated that N1 deflections in ERPs, reflecting fronto-parietal alerting mechanisms, wereabsent or diminished/delayed in neglect, and the waves became normalized with recovery from neglect. In somatosensory ERPs, similar changes were evident also in P1 deflections preceding the N1, reflecting activation of the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII).We also demonstrated somatosensory ERPs of some of our patients who showed different responses elicited by low intensity electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist depending on the location of the hands either in uncrossed anatomical position or crossed over the body midline to the other hemispace. Our results indicate that there are cases among patients with hemispatial neglect who do indeed show emergence or increment of responses to left-hand stimulation when the arm is crossed to the right hemispace.Therefore, we propose that the mechanism underlying hemispatial neglect is the disruption of the flow of (location related) sensory information to awareness at the level of multimodal alerting mechanisms.
Building from the ground up: Reconstructing visions of community in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut
Authors: Griebel Brendan ,   Kitikmeot Heritage Society
Published: June 2014

The Inuit qalgiq, or gathering house, once served as a forum for bringing communities together through acts of storytelling, drum dancing, shamanism, and the intergenerational transfer of knowledge. While the specific traditions associated with these structures have varied over time and space, they have remained of central importance to the affirmation of group identity and communal decision-making. In 2008, the excavation of an early Thule qalgiq near the Nunavut hamlet of Cambridge Bay provided a team of local participants and University of Toronto archaeologists with an opportunity to interpret the social position of the qalgiq in the context of a contemporary Inuit population currently struggling with issues of collective identity. This article presents a project originally designed to reconstruct a qalgiq as a museum exhibit with a structure drawn primarily from archaeological findings. By embedding the project in local understandings of history as a source for community wellness and revival, however, a different course was taken. While combining archaeological blueprints with contemporary realities and beliefs, the qalgiq was ultimately re-imagined as a venue in which ideas about community, both past and present, can be voiced.
Archaeology and the Sugpiaq renaissance on Kodiak Island: Three stories from Alaska
Authors: Pullar Gordon L. , Knecht Richard A. , Haakanson Sven
Published: June 2014

The Sugpiat people have lived in the Kodiak Archipelago for at least 7,500 years, but suffered extraordinary pressure on their cultural identity beginning with violent Russian conquest in 1784 and followed by Russian and American colonisation. Recognising that drastic actions were needed to preserve Sugpiaq heritage, the Kodiak Area Native Association began a cultural revitalisation movement. The centrepiece was a Native-owned state-of-the-art museum that opened in 1995. This essay recounts the stories of three participants in the beginning of a process that has transformed the cultural landscape of Kodiak.
Access to Psychiatric Appointments for Medicaid Enrollees in 4 Large US Cities
Authors: Brahmbhatt Diksha , Schpero William L.
Published: July 2024

This audit study examines availability of and wait times for Medicaid enrollee appointments with psychiatric prescribing clinicians across 4 of the most populous US cities.
Low- vs High-Dose 5-FU in Triplet Chemotherapy Plus Bevacizumab for Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Chapin William J. , Hwang Wei-Ting , Mamtani Ronac , O’Hara Mark H.
Published: July 2024

This cohort study examines the association of low-dose vs high-dose 5-fluorouracil with overall survival when used in triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab in patients from the metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC).
Experience of Chronic Kidney Disease and Perceptions of Transplantation by Sex
Authors: Adoli Latame Komla , Campeon Arnaud , Chatelet Valérie , Couchoud Cécile , Lobbedez Thierry , Bayer Florian , Vabret Elsa , Daugas Eric , Vigneau Cécile , Jais Jean-Philippe , Bayat-Makoei Sahar
Published: July 2024

Importance

The pathway to kidney transplantation (KT) begins with the patient’s acceptance of this surgical procedure after discussion with the nephrologist. The patients’ perceptions of the disease and of KT may influence their willingness to undergo transplantation.

Objective

To describe patients’ experiences of kidney disease and their perceptions of KT and the nephrologists’ perceptions of the patient experience.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This qualitative study collected data through semistructured interviews with patients with chronic kidney disease and nephrologists in the Bretagne, Île-de-France and Normandie regions, France. Researchers involved in the study in each region purposely selected 99 patients with chronic kidney disease who initiated dialysis in 2021, based on their age, sex, dialysis facility ownership, and also 45 nephrologists, based on their sex and years of experience. Data analysis was performed from January to October 2023.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Themes were identified using inductive thematic analysis. Specific characteristics of men and women as well as the nephrologist’s views for each theme were described.

Results

This study included 42 men and 57 women (56 [57%] aged 60 years or older) who started dialysis in 2021 and 45 nephrologists (23 women and 22 men). Six major themes were identified: (1) burden of chronic kidney disease on patients and their families, (2) health care professional–patient relationship and other factors that modulate chronic kidney disease acceptance, (3) dialysis perceived as a restrictive treatment, (4) patients’ representation of the kidney graft, (5) role of past experiences in KT perception, and (6) dualistic perception of KT. In some cases, women and nephrologists indicated that women’s perceptions and experiences were different than men’s; for example, the disease’s psychological impact and the living donor KT refusal were mainly reported by 8 women.

Conclusions and Relevance

Patients’ past experience of chronic kidney disease in general and of KT in particular, as well as their relationship with their family and nephrologist, were substantial determinants of KT perception in this qualitative study. Targeted policies on these different factors might help to improve access to KT, and more research is needed to understand whether there are sex-based disparities.
Masking Policies at National Cancer Institute–Designated Cancer Centers During Winter 2023 to 2024 COVID-19 Surge
Authors: Hoerger Michael , Rivera Dulcé , Mossman Brenna , Sherard Birney , Peyser Tristen , Alcorn Taylor M.
Published: July 2024

This cross-sectional study examines variation in masking policies at National Cancer Institute (NCI)–designated cancer centers during the winter 2023-2024 COVID-19 surge.
Gene editing in liver diseases
Authors: Torella Laura , Santana‐Gonzalez Nerea , Zabaleta Nerea , Gonzalez Aseguinolaza Gloria
Published: July 2024

The deliberate and precise modification of the host genome using engineered nucleases represents a groundbreaking advancement in modern medicine. Several clinical trials employing these approaches to address metabolic liver disorders have been initiated, with recent remarkable outcomes observed in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis, highlighting the potential of these therapies. Recent technological improvements, particularly CRISPR Cas9‐based technology, have revolutionized gene editing, enabling in vivo modification of the cellular genome for therapeutic purposes. These modifications include gene supplementation, correction, or silencing, offering a wide range of therapeutic possibilities. Moving forward, we anticipate witnessing the unfolding therapeutic potential of these strategies in the coming years. The aim of our review is to summarize preclinical data on gene editing in animal models of inherited liver diseases and the clinical data obtained thus far, emphasizing both therapeutic efficacy and potential limitations of these medical interventions.
Septin 9 expression regulates ‘don't eat me’ signals and identifies an immune–epithelial class of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Cai Ting ting , Desterke Christophe , Peng Juan , Agnetti Jean , Song Peixuan , Ouazib Dalila , Dos Santos Alexandre , Guettier Catherine , Samuel Didier , Gassama‐Diagne Ama
Published: July 2024

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive liver cancer with limited therapeutic options. Precise classification and immunotherapy are perspectives to improve the treatments. We reported the role of septin 9 in apico‐basal polarity and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we aim to elucidate its role in iCCA. We analyzed single‐cell transcriptomes from human iCCA tumor cells based on phenotype and cell state. Knockdown of the septin 9 gene (SEPT9) was done using small interfering RNA (siRNA); interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) stimulation was performed using different CCA cells; gene expressions were analyzed by reverse transcription and real‐time PCR analysis (RT‐qPCR); and immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry were performed to assess the expression of proteins. The differential distributions of SEPT9 and vimentin (VIM) gene expressions allowed us to define specific cellular trajectories of malignant cells and thus identified distinct clusters of iCCA cells. One cluster was enriched in VIM and extracellular‐matrix (ECM) remodeling molecules, and another had high expression of SEPT9 and genes from the ‘don't eat me’ signal involved in immune escape. This antagonism between SEPT9 and VIM was confirmed by in vitro experiments. Notably, SEPT9 and ‘don't eat me’ gene expressions were inversely correlated to those of vimentin and the EMT markers. SEPT9 expression was upregulated by IFN‐γ and SEPT9 knockdown decreased expression of ‘don't eat me’ signal genes and increased expression of mesenchymal markers. Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) transcriptome database analyses confirmed that iCCA cells enriched in septin 9 exhibit epithelial‐like features. This study revealed septin 9 as a cytoskeleton element of iCCA epithelial‐like cells and a regulator of the immune system response. It also brings new insights into the enigmatic relationship between EMT and immune response. Notably, we decoded a potential mechanism that could sensitize patients to immunotherapies.
Twisting Between Topological Phases in 1D Conjugated Polymers via a Multiradical Transition State
Authors: Alcón Isaac , Canonico Luis Manuel , Papior Nick , Garcia Jose‐Hugo , Cummings Aron W. , Tremblay Jean‐Christophe , Pruneda Miguel , Brandbyge Mads , Paulus Beate , Roche Stephan
Published: July 2024

In recent years, it has become possible via on‐surface bottom‐up synthesis to engineer the topological character of carbon nanostructures. Graphene nanoribbons and 1D conjugated polymers (1DCPs) have thus tailored so as to host either topologically trivial or non‐trivial phases. Molecular design is the primary means to set the topological class of these nanomaterials. However, external control over topology is also demonstrated via electric fields or top‐down hydrogenation. Inspired by the connection between topology and π‐conjugation, here it is demonstrated via first‐principles calculations that aryl ring twist angles also serve as topological knobs. Focusing on rationally designed 1DCPs composed of triarylmethyl (TAM) units, it is shown that rotation of certain aryl rings enables a transition from the trivial to the topologically non‐trivial phase. Accordingly, fixing a particular twist angle configuration (e.g., via chemical functionalization) is equivalent to robustly setting a targeted topological phase. It is also found that in considered 1DCPs, the quantum phase transition occurs without the electronic band gap closing, due to a multiradical antiferromagnetic phase emerging at the transition point. All in all, this study highlights the potential of aryl ring twisting for engineering topological properties in carbon nanomaterials and establishes TAM 1DCPs as exotic topological 1D systems.
Improvement of Therapeutic Effect via Inducing Non‐Apoptotic Cell Death Using mRNA‐Protection Nanocage
Authors: Kim Seoyoung , Kim Seongchan , Kim Sojin , Lee Nan‐Ee , Lee Soo‐Hwan , Kim Hyunkyung , Lee Hyojin
Published: July 2024

Necroptosis, a cell death mechanism with the characteristics of both apoptosis and necrosis, is proposed as a promising therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. Induction of necroptosis for cancer therapy may be possible through the regulation of the expression of a key factor gene receptor‐interacting protein kinase‐3 (RIPK3) via in vitro transcription (IVT) mRNA delivery. However, mRNA is susceptible to degradation and has a low delivery efficiency, which highlights the requirement of a proper delivery vehicle for intracellular delivery. Therefore, a new mRNA delivery system based on the nanostructured silica nanoparticles, termed mRNA‐protective nanocage (mPN) has been developed. High‐efficiency expression of RIPK3 and induction of necroptosis is achieved through delivery of RIPK3 IVT mRNA with mPN in vitro and in vivo models. Importantly, the mPN carrying RIPK3 mRNA distributed locally in tumors upon intravascular injection, and successfully induced necroptosis and immune cell infiltration, a hallmark of necroptosis. the suppression of tumor growth in a murine cancer model, demonstrating the synergistic effect of RIPK3 mRNA‐ and immune cell‐mediated therapy is also observed. These findings suggest the potential for anticancer therapy through necroptosis induction and provide a strategy for the development of mRNA‐based nanomedicine.
Versatile Method of Engineering the Band Alignment and the Electron Wavefunction Hybridization of Hybrid Quantum Devices
Authors: Li Guoan , Shi Xiaofan , Lin Ting , Yang Guang , Rossi Marco , Badawy Ghada , Zhang Zhiyuan , Shi Jiayu , Qian Degui , Lu Fang , Gu Lin , Wang Anqi , Tong Bingbing , Li Peiling , Lyu Zhaozheng , Liu Guangtong , Qu Fanming , Dou Ziwei , Pan Dong , Zhao Jianhua , Zhang Qinghua , Bakkers Erik P. A. M. , Nowak Michał P. , Wójcik Paweł , Lu Li , Shen Jie
Published: July 2024

Hybrid devices that combine superconductors (S) and semiconductors (Sm) have attracted great attention due to the integration of the properties of both materials, which relies on the interface details and the resulting coupling strength and wavefunction hybridization. However, until now, none of the experiments have reported good control of the band alignment of the interface, as well as its tunability to the coupling and hybridization. Here, the interface is modified by inducing specific argon milling while maintaining its high quality, e.g., atomic connection, which results in a large induced superconducting gap and ballistic transport. By comparing with Schrödinger–Poisson calculations, it is proven that this method can vary the band bending/coupling strength and the electronic spatial distribution. In the strong coupling regime, the coexistence and tunability of crossed Andreev reflection and elastic co‐tunneling—key ingredients for the Kitaev chain—are confirmed. This method is also generic for other materials and achieves a hard and huge superconducting gap in lead and indium antimonide nanowire (Pb‐InSb) devices. Such a versatile method, compatible with the standard fabrication process and accompanied by the well‐controlled modification of the interface, will definitely boost the creation of more sophisticated hybrid devices for exploring physics in solid‐state systems.
Assessing the Potential and Limitations of PbS and HgTe Colloidal Quantum Dot Infrared Detectors for Free Space Optical Communication
Authors: Zhao Xue , Yao Haifeng , Qiu Yanyan , Yan Naiquan , Hao Qun , Chen Menglu
Published: July 2024

Free space optical communication with infrared light is a promising secure wireless optical communication technology, where infrared photodetectors are the core component. To date, such applications are based on epitaxial growth narrow‐band semiconductors facing the challenge of large‐area fabrication. Infrared colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are of interest because of the high‐throughput solution processing. Here, large‐area CQD photodetectors with adjustable wavelengths covering 1.3–2.0 µm. For 1 × 1 mm2 CQD photodetector, the response time achieved within 1 µs at room temperature, responded sharply to the 25 kbps PRBS‐7 communication code is demonstrated. For 1.5 × 1.5 cm2 large‐area CQD photodetectors, a communication rate of 2 kbps is achieved. This work is a step toward the CQD application in the field of optical communications.
Iris‐Inspired Microparticles with a Two‐Factor Authentication Security Feature for Wet‐Phase Enhanced Anti‐Counterfeiting Strategies
Authors: Park Cheolheon , Lee Minhyuk , Kim Hyeli , Lee Daewon , Choi Jangho , Choi Yeongjae , Park Wook
Published: July 2024

This article presents an iris‐mimicking polymeric microparticle with randomly generated silica film cracks to be utilized as a wet‐phase micro security taggant. The microparticles are designed to replicate the capillary patterns in the human iris, providing high data capacity and stability, making them ideal for authentication. Furthermore, the microparticles integrate a QR code within the pupillary zone of the iris, enabling pupillary authentication to enhance two‐factor identification and elevate overall security levels an unprecedented feature absent in conventional iris recognition systems. The resulting artificial iris‐mimicking microparticles have high coding efficiency and unique characteristics and can be authenticated in the wet phase, making them suitable for use as micro security taggants.