bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Right Ventricular Dysfunction, the new Face of Long COVID-19, Assessed by Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography
Authors: Abtahi Firoozeh , Ayoobikashkooli Yasin , Mohammadian Seyedeh Fatemeh , Hassani Amir Hossein
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
after the COVID-19 pandemic has been resolved, the world is encountered with long-term effects of this disease that is now called long-COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of previous severe COVID-19 on right ventricular (RV) function.
Methods and Materials:
in this study, previously healthy patients who were admitted in intensive care units due to COVID-19 in a one-year period were evaluated using speckle-tracking echocardiography after one year of their resolution. The echocardiographic parameters of the RV were reported and assessed based on the COVID-19 treatment and baseline condition of the patients.
Results:
Eighty-two patients with a mean age of 46.54±12.098 years old entered the study of whom 46 (56.1%) were male. Based on RV free wall longitudinal strain, RV global longitudinal strain, and RV fractional area change 8 (9.8%), 10 (12.2%), and 10 (12.2%) patients had RV dysfunction in a period of at least six months following their discharge. Nevertheless, 33.3% of the patients had at least one determinant of RV dysfunction. We found that the patients who needed anticoagulants and vasopressors were more likely to develop RV dysfunction. Also, the patients’ condition, especially respiratory rate on admission was a better predictor of future RV dysfunction compared to lab data.
Conclusion:
COVID-19 can induce subclinical and clinical RV dysfunction persisting for as long as a year after the resolution of infection. Since this abnormality can increase cardiovascular mortality, screening of patients who had been hospitalized due to COVID-19 for RV dysfunction might not be unreasonable.
Efficient Docker Image Optimization using Multi-Stage Builds and Nginx for Enhanced Application Deployment
Authors: Badisa Naveen , Grandhi Jayanth Krishna , Kallam Lasya , Eda Mokshita Reddy , nulaka Srinivasu , Bulla Suneetha
Published: August 2023

As virtualization and EC2 instances have been widely used for running servers. However, they often consume significant resources due to their large size. The introduction of Docker as a containerization concept has revolutionized the way applications are deployed. Docker provides pre-installed environments packaged into images, allowing users to easily pull and run containers without the need for extensive local system configurations or dependency installations. One of the key advantages of Docker is its ability to optimize image sizes, which directly impacts resource utilization, deployment speed and overall efficiency. This research paper focuses on Docker image size optimization, specifically using the Angular framework as an example. Several techniques are explored including "Being lazy couch potatoes," which involves eliminating unnecessary dependencies, optimizing the parent image, and utilizing multi-stage builds. Additionally, the integration of Nginx as a reverse proxy is investigated to enhance application performance. The objective of this research is to evaluate these techniques and determine which approach effectively reduces Docker image size.
Evaluation of KLF4 Gene and Long Non-coding RNA MIR503HG Expression in Breast Cancer Patients in Iran
Authors: Eshaghi Shohreh , Hamta Ahmad , Azadeh Mansoureh
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and its mortality rate is high. Therefore, it is necessary to study the genes involved in cancer in order to better understand the molecular mechanism of this disease. Since gene expression and its regulation process in tumor tissues are different from normal tissues, therefore the purpose of this research is to investigate the expression level of lncRNA MIR503HG and KLF4 gene in breast cancer samples and also the possibility of using them as biomarkers were investigated. Also bioinformatically, the interaction of MIR503HG and KLF4 was investigated. Material and methods: In order to investigate about the changes in expression of LncRNA MIR503HG and KLF4 gene in 23 samples of breast tumor tissue and 23 samples of healthy adjacent tissue, first total RNA was extracted from the samples and then cDNA synthesis was performed. Finally, the Real-time PCR technique was used. The LncRRIsearch web server was used to investigate the interaction between MIR503HG and KLF4. Results: It was shown that the expression of KLF4 gene in breast tumor tissues is significantly reduced compared to healthy adjacent tissue (p-value = 0.0068). Expression of MIR503HG in breast tumor tissues is significantly increased compared to adjacent healthy tissue (Pvalue = 0.0075). Also, in examining the biomarker potential of KLF4 and MIR503HG genes, both were included in the category of acceptable biomarkers (AUC = 0.7). It was also bioinformatically predicted that the KLF4 gene and LncRNA MIR503HG interact.
Phytohormones mediated antifungal resistance against Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Duhan Lucky , Manoharlal Raman , Kumar Deepak , Kumari Deepika , Saini Mamta , Saiprasad G.V.S. , Chhillar Anil K. , Pasrija Ritu
Published: August 2023

This study aims to evaluate the in-vitro, as well as in-vivo antifungal activities of different phytohormones (PHs) against the hemibiotrophic fungus, Fusarium oxysporum using black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] as a model system. The potential antifungal activities were tested using PHs, viz salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), melatonin (MT), brassinolide (BL), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), ethephon (ET) and abscisic acid (ABA), by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum effective concentration (MEC) end-point in a microtiter plate-based assay. The results suggested significant antifungal activity for all the tested PHs, wherein SA and MeJA showed potency even at the lowest concentration tested, with corresponding MIC values of 0.312 mM and 0.625 mM, respectively. Likewise, a similar MEC profile was also observed for both SA and MeJA, with a corresponding value of 0.078 mM and 0.312 mM, respectively. The microtiter results were corroborated using spore germination and mycelial susceptibility assays. The microtiter results were corroborated using spore germination and mycelial susceptibility assays. The in-vivo antifungal efficacy of PHs was assessed by recording the germination characteristics in SA and MeJA primed V. mungo seeds, already exposed to F. oxysporum spores. The PHs primed seeds displayed a characteristic longer seedling length and higher seed vigour index (SVI), concomitant with relatively enhanced ROS scavenging activity. The priming of V. mungo seeds with SA and MeJA seems to induce a defense mechanism against F. oxysporum infection, which improved germination characteristics.
Defect Detection and Classification on Hot-Rolled Steel Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Otieno Stanley , Kotak Nishith , Parmar Chandrasinh
Published: August 2023

Elevated concerns regarding sustainable manufacturing have resulted in increased efforts to deploy data-driven methodologies incorporating automated systems for fault analysis. In particular, manufacturing is increasingly focused on creating systems that detect and categorize defects, facilitating root-cause investigations. This research paper delves into the use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches for defect detection in hot-rolled steel, focusing on examining the robustness of the different defect detection techniques. In the case of ML approaches, three primary feature extraction techniques: local binary pattern (LBP), histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), and gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), were employed. Generally, GLCM demonstrated relatively good performance, i.e., attained precision, recall, and f1-score values of 0.91 with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Similarly, using SVM, LBP attains precision, recall, and f1-score values of 0.89. Deep-learning methodologies such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), CNN plus VGG19 (CNN + VGG19), and you only look once version 7 (YOLOv7) were employed to investigate and classify the hot-rolled steel defects. CNN + VGG-19 and YOLOv7 exhibited excellent defect detection performance, attaining accuracy values of 0.9639 and 0.915, respectively. Overall, the results demonstrated relatively higher performance can be derived from using deep learning approaches such as CNN + VGG19 compared to traditional machine learning approaches.
Exploratory laparotomy diagnostic and management mainstay in a case of huge ovarian cyst torsion on late post postpartum period, at resource limited set up of leku general hospital,sidama,Ethiopia, case report
Authors: Kibret Asfaw , Bayu Efrem
Published: August 2023

Background
Huge ovarian cyst is a rare occurrence in postpartum period. Once existing ovarian cyst passes the pregnancy period, it is a risk for torsion postpartum when the gravid uterus involuted.Here we present a case of huge ovarian cyst torsion on late post partum period which is diagnosed and managed in our resource limited set up.
Case presentation
:this is a case of 30yrs old female patient who is on her 30th post partum date after she gave an alive fetus at home. Then she noticed that her abdomen failed to decrease after delivery and waited for spontaneous decrement and lastly she visited health center for the newly developing worsened pain since last 3 days of her presentation to health center.
Conclusion
This case reports that huge ovarian cyst accompanied pregnancy might not affect the pregnancy and vaginal delivery is possible but torsion is common in this case due to the involution of the post partal uterus. Exploratory laparatomy in low resource set up is still the main stay for diagnosis and management of such emergency cases.
Lernerfolgsrelevante Gestaltungsmerkmale einer virtuellen 360°-Lernumgebung
Authors: Siemer Christine
Published: August 2023

In diesem Beitrag wird an einem Fallbeispiel aus der Logistikbranche der Frage nachgegangen, welche Gestaltungsmerkmale einer virtuellen 360°-Lernumgebung, verstanden als Bildungsangebot, den Lernerfolg von Teilnehmenden positiv beeinflussen. Die Gestaltungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit der Lernumgebung, die Erprobung des Lernsettings und die Erfassung des Lernerfolgs erfolgte im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung geförderten Projekts «Mensch und Logistik in der Digitalisierung» (MeLoDi) und basiert auf elf Gestaltungsmerkmalen (z. B. Praxisnähe). In einem ersten Schritt wird die Korrelation zwischen den elf Gestaltungsmerkmalen und dem «subjektiven Lernerfolg» als Kriterium analysiert. Um Aussagen über den «subjektiven Lernerfolg» der Stichprobe (N = 86) treffen zu können, wird mittels einer multiplen linearen Regressionsanalyse in einem zweiten Schritt untersucht, bei welchen im Modell aufgenommenen Gestaltungsmerkmalen ein signifikant positiver Zusammenhang zum «subjektiven Lernerfolg» nachweisbar ist. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Gestaltungsmerkmale «Praxisnähe, nützliche Hilfeanzeigen, die selbstständige Auswahl der Lerninhalte und Videos zum besseren Verständnis» signifikante Prädiktoren sind, während für andere Gestaltungsmerkmale (z. B. Lernpausen) kein Effekt auf den «subjektiven Lernerfolg» nachweisbar ist. Auch wenn nicht alle elf Gestaltungsmerkmale einen positiven Effekt aufzeigen, deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass der didaktische Mehrwert der virtuellen 360°-Lernumgebung im Bereich der Selbststeuerung und des arbeitsplatzbezogenen Lernens liegt. Zudem gibt es Anhaltspunkte, dass sich eine Unterstützung im Lernprozess beim Einsatz virtueller 360°-Lernumgebungen als relevant erweist und digitalgestützte, lernbegleitende Massnahmen (z. B. Erklärvideos) auch beim selbstgesteuerten Lernen berücksichtigt werden sollten.
Zugang zum Recht
Authors: Haux Dario , Fischer Georg
Published: August 2023

«Generell halte ich es für selbstverständlich, dass aus Steuern finanzierte Forschungsarbeit für die Steuerzahler zugänglich ist. Das gilt für sämtliche Wissenschaftsbereiche. In der Rechtswissenschaft kommt hinzu, dass ein grundrechtlicher Anspruch auf Zugang zum Recht besteht. Der Zugang zum Recht wird unbestrittenermassen verbessert, wenn auch Nichtjuristen und -juristinnen auf juristische Literatur zugreifen können. Häufig wird behauptet, dass Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur ohnehin nur für die Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der entsprechenden Disziplin relevant sei. Das sehe ich ganz anders.» Wie sich dies Daniel Hürlimann konkret vorstellte, mit welchen Mitteln er versuchte, das Ziel des Zugangs zum Recht zu erreichen, und mit welchen Herausforderungen er dabei konfrontiert wurde, davon handelt dieser Beitrag.
--
« D'une manière générale, je considère que les travaux de recherches financés par l'argent du contribuable devraient être accessibles à tous. Cela vaut pour tous les domaines scientifiques. Dans le domaine juridique, il existe en outre un droit fondamental d'accès à la justice. Celui-ci est sans aucun doute renforcé lorsque les non-juristes ont la possibilité de consulter de la littérature juridique. On prétend souvent que l'accès à la littérature scientifique n'est pertinent que pour les spécialistes du domaine concerné. Je ne suis pas de cet avis » [traduction]. Le présent article s'intéresse à la manière dont Daniel Hürlimann a voulu concrétiser cet objectif d'accès à la justice, aux moyens qu'il a mis en œuvre pour y parvenir et aux défis auxquels il a été confronté.
Pine Bark Particle Separation Improves as Moisture Content Decreases at Time of Screening
Authors: Fields Jeb S. , Criscione Kristopher S.
Published: August 2023

Bark particle screening is a critical secondary processing stage when engineering bark-based horticultural substrates. There are several factors that can influence bark screening efficiency; however, the bark moisture content immediately before screening may have the largest impact. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect bark moisture content has on bark particle separation across two commonly used screen apertures and the subsequent static physical properties of the screened bark. The moisture contents examined herein ranged from 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, and 70% and were gravimetrically determined. The screen apertures used were 6.3 mm and 9.5 mm. The results showed that moisture content has a considerable effect on both screening yield and the physical properties. Generally, as moisture content increased, bark yield (i.e., bark processed through the aperture) decreased. Moreover, as moisture content increased, the proportions of fine bark particles adhered to coarse bark increased, shifting the air-filled porosity: water-holding capacity of the substrate. In summation, the drier moisture content had the greatest (i.e., most equal) separation, regardless of screen aperture. Future research should identify the interaction between feed rate and moisture content.
Apple Fruitlet Abscission Prediction. I. Development and Evaluation of Reflectance Spectroscopy Models
Authors: Larson James E. , Kon Thomas M.
Published: August 2023

Chemical thinning, the most common and cost-effective thinning method, is conducted during early apple fruit development over a 3- to 4-week period using multiple applications of plant growth regulators. It is critical to provide apple growers with tools to assess the efficacy of chemical thinners quickly and accurately because visible responses are not apparent for up to 2 weeks after application. The objective of this study was to build a model to predict apple fruitlet abscission following a chemical thinner application with in situ reflectance data obtained with a portable visible and near infrared (Vis/NIR) spectrophotometer. Developed models were compared with the currently available fruitlet growth model (FGM). ‘Honeycrisp’ fruitlet diameter and reflectance were measured on dates around a chemical thinner application across a 2-year period. After June drop, measured fruitlets were determined to have either persisted or abscised. Random forest, partial least squares regression, and XGBoost classification models were used to predict fruitlet abscission from reflectance data. Each classification model was developed with 2021, 2022, and combined 2021 + 2022 data. For each dataset, 5-fold cross validation was used to assess three model performance metrics: 1) overall accuracy, 2) recall, and 3) specificity. Datasets tested were either unbalanced, majority class down-sampled, or minority class up-sampled with synthetic minority oversampling technique. In both years, the FGM reliably estimated chemical thinner efficacy 9 days after application. Before this time point, the FGM had low prediction accuracy of the minority class in both years—persisting fruitlets in 2021 and abscising fruitlets in 2022. For reflectance spectroscopy, the developed random forest models that were balanced with synthetic minority over-sampling technique were found to be the best combination in predicting chemical thinner efficacy. The combined 2021 + 2022 dataset overall model accuracy ranged from 84% the day before to 93% at 9 days after thinner application. These results show that Vis/NIR is a promising tool to predict chemical thinner efficacy. This technology had high prediction accuracies over a range of fruitlet abscission potential and two growing seasons. Further development and testing of the model over cultivars, chemical thinner timings, and growing regions would facilitate commercialization of the technology.
Evaluation of Physiological Changes in Flowering Dogwood under Drought Conditions in a Container Production System
Authors: Neupane Krishna , Witcher Anthony , Baysal-Gurel Fulya
Published: August 2023

Flowering dogwoods (Cornus florida L.) are drought-sensitive ornamental trees. Two trials (in 2021 and 2022) were conducted to evaluate the physiological changes induced as a result of drought conditions. In an outdoor setting, trees were organized in a randomized complete block design. Three different irrigation treatments were applied at 125%, 25%, and 10% (control, moderate, and severe drought, respectively) of their daily water usage (evapotranspiration). The two physiological parameters normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and leaf moisture potential were collected every week for 1 month. Plant growth data (height and width) were collected at the beginning and the end of the study. Normalized difference vegetation index data collected with a handheld NDVI meter and a Sentera NDVI sensor mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were correlated for ground truthing. In 2021, control plants had a greater plant width increase and shoot biomass, whereas no significant differences in growth were observed among the treatments in 2022. In both trials, the NDVI was the greatest for control plants compared with the other treatments on days 7, 14, 21, and 27. In both studies, no differences were observed for leaf moisture potential on day 7, but was greatest for controls on days 14, 21, and 27. The correlation between the handheld NDVI and the UAV NDVI was found to be strong and positive, ranging from 0.84 to 0.93 (trial 1: P ≤ 0.0001, P ≤ 0.0001, P = 0.0002, and P ≤ 0.0001; trial 2: P = 0.0002, P ≤ 0.0001, P ≤ 0.0001, and P ≤ 0.0001 for weeks 1–4, respectively). This information will be applicable to understanding the physiology of the crop and the inclusion of emerging technology in crop production and monitoring.
SIRIM Berhad: The Frontier in Medical and Health Technology
Authors:   SIRIM Berhad, Selangor, Malaysia, Arshad Ahmad Sabirin
Published: August 2023

With the world recovering from a public health disaster in the form of the COVID-19 pandemic and with political and social upheaval in the forms of wars such as in Ukraine and Sudan, localised fighting in various hotspots, the medical field faces huge challenges in addressing the needs of the various stakeholders. Still, these disasters represent opportunities to advance the new discoveries without compromising on the safety of the patients or general population. The COVID-19 vaccines were pushed through with great urgency driving on new discoveries of the genomic research, i.e. RNA based vaccines. This is complemented by the use of big data to monitor the disbursement of the vaccine to the general public. Unmistakably these new developments in tackling serious health disasters will lead to improvements on how the world tackle future crisis. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), genomics discoveries and cell biology are driving research and fueling hope for the future. Amid this scenario of great upheavals and significant advances in technologies or emerging technologies for the health sector, SIRIM Berhad is increasing its preparedness in terms of development of new facilities and new competencies as well as building the platform for the communication of conventional health or medical technologies with other technologies particularly digital technologies to unlock the potential of emerging technologies in both medical and digital to develop novel solutions to future problems or challenges.
Rhythmic Music Training’s Effect on Syntactic Structure Processing among Malay Adolescents with Syntactic Specific Language Impairment
Authors:   School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Hui Ying Jong , Abdul Rauf Rozaida ,   School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Abdullah Jafri Malin ,   School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Reza Faruque ,   School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Tye Jason ,   Performance and Pedagogy, School of Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Karageorghis Costas I ,   Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Middlesex, United Kingdom, Kuan Garry ,   Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Middlesex, United Kingdom, Jian Li Peter Chong ,   School of Languages, Literacies and Translation, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Abu Bakar Norsofiah ,   School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: August 2023

Background: Adolescents with syntactic specific language impairment (S-SLI) fail to comprehend which object questions. We hypothesised that rhythmic music training is more effective in treating this condition than conventional methods because music is often perceived as having a clear, isochronous beat or pulse. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of rhythmic music training on the syntactic structure processing of Malay which questions among native adolescents. Methods: In this research study, the participants were three groups of Malay adolescents aged 13 years old–15 years old: i) adolescents with S-SLI with music training, ii) adolescents with S-SLI without music training and iii) typically developing adolescents. Before and after music training, the participants were given a sentence-picture matching task. Accuracy measures and reaction times were captured using E-Prime 2.0. Results: The results indicated that with music training, the accuracy and reaction time associated with which object questions among the two SLI groups were significantly higher and lower, respectively. Conclusion: The implications of using rhythmic music training in enhancing syntactic structure processing are also discussed.
Depression Level and Its Associated Factors among Postpartum Working Women in Kuching, Sarawak—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia, Janting Majorie Ensayan , Whye Lian Cheah ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia, Hazmi Helmy ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Published: August 2023

Background: Postpartum depression (PD) among women, if left untreated, may result in long-term health and social consequences for them and their families. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the factors contributing to PD among working mothers in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Methods: Systematic sampling was used to recruit working mothers who attended Kuching’s maternal and child health clinics. They were interviewed with a validated translated questionnaire to obtain data on sociodemographics, health profiles, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and postpartum symptoms. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Results: Out of the total 281 respondents, 15.3% of respondents had depression symptoms. Fatigue (42.7%), back or neck pain (36.3%), breast discomfort (16.4%), dizziness (13.5%) and nipple irritation (11.0%) were the most common physical symptoms experienced by the mothers. Regression analysis showed that working mothers who exhibited higher scores of physical symptoms were 1.26 times more likely to develop PD (adjusted odd ratio 1.26, P < 0.01; 95% CI: 1.071, 1.487). Conclusion: Physical symptoms were the predictors of PD among working mothers.
Corporate governance quality, corporate life cycle and investor confidence in commercial banks: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: John Ayoola Tajudeen , Olufunke Olasanmi Omoneye , Godwin Inneh Eghosa , Olubunmi Ayoola Adebukola , Ehiobuche Christian
Published: August 2023

A dominant strand of literature advances a positive association between corporate governance quality and investor confidence. However, the corporate life cycle may influence the relationship. Therefore, this study investigated the moderating role of the corporate life cycle in the association between corporate governance quality and investor confidence in the Nigerian banking industry. Corporate governance quality was proxied using a composite measure of board characteristics comprising board size, board meeting, independence, and board gender diversity, while investor confidence was proxied using the price-earnings ratio. Secondary data were obtained from the audited annual financial statements of 12 banks from 2006 to 2021. The study adopted a pooled regression model based on the results of Hausman, and the Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier test. The results showed that corporate governance quality positively and significantly impacted investor confidence at the introduction (coef = .318, p = 0.017) and decline (coef = 383, p = 0.011) phases of the life cycle. Banks at the introduction and decline phases of the life cycle were characterized by a narrow resource base, low profitability, and higher risky investments sufficient to attract investor confidence. The study concludes that corporate governance quality enhanced investor confidence at the introduction and decline phases of the banks’ life cycle.
K-Nearest Neighbors Method for Recommendation System in Bangkalan’s Tourism
Authors: Anamisa Devie Rosa , Jauhari Achmad , Ayu Mufarroha Fifin
Published: August 2023

The more tourist objects are in an area, the more challenging it is for local governments to increase the selling value of these attractions. The government always strives to develop tourist attraction areas by prioritizing the beauty of tourist attractions. However, visitors often have difficulty in determining tourist objects that match their criteria because of the many choices. The research developed a tourist attraction recommendation system for visitors by applying machine learning techniques. The machine learning technique used was the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method. Several trials were conducted with a dataset of 315 records, consisting of 11 attributes and 21 tourist attractions. Based on the dataset, the preprocessing stage was previously carried out to improve the data format by selecting data where the data were separated based on existing criteria, then calculating the closest distance and determining the value of k in the KNN method. The results are divided into five folds for each classification method. The highest system accuracy obtained at KNN is 78% at k=1. It shows that the KNN method can provide recommendations for three tourist attraction classes in Bangkalan. Applying the KNN method in the recommendation system determines several alternative tourist objects that tourists can visit according to their criteria in natural, cultural, and religious tourist objects.
Water poverty in Western Nepal: assessment of Alital Rural Municipality in Rangun watershed
Authors: Tiwari Sushma , Adhikari Sanot , Khadka Udhab Raj , Ghimire Motilal , Talchabhadel Rocky
Published: August 2023

Water poverty is an emerging issue in Nepal. Several factors, including population growth, climate change, land-use transitions, and poorly planned road construction, significantly impact water quality and quantity. Water poverty in Alital Rural Municipality, Dadeldhura, in Rangun Watershed is examined in this study. Elements of the water poverty index (WPI) were used – (i) access, (ii) resource, (iii) use, (iv) capacity, and (v) environment. The WPI was determined as 57, indicating a medium-low level of water poverty. The WPI for the various wards, the smallest administrative units, ranged from 54 to 64. The environment component yielded the highest score, the use component the lowest. Water use for household and agricultural purposes was negligible compared to other uses. Effective water management plans are essential for increasing household water use and consumption in the watershed. The WPI can be used as an integrated tool for water resource management at various scales, from local to national, by linking all environmental factors to identify and prioritize the areas that require immediate management interventions for integrated, multi-disciplinary, and sustainable water resource management.
REFLEXO DO CAPITALISMO HUMANISTA, DO PROGRAMA DE INTEGRIDADE E DA ÉTICA EMPRESARIAL NO OBJETIVO 8 DA DECLARAÇÃO DA AGENDA 2030 DA ONU
Authors: Knoerr Viviane Sellos , Portela Irene Maria , Heck da Rosa Bárbara Madalena
Published: August 2023

O programa de integridade e da ética empresarial marcam a empresa como cidadã, pois, além de cumprirem com sua função social, objetivam seguir a legislação, políticas internas, condutas e comportamentos éticos, e com o impacto do capitalismo humanista, garantir e atuar com respeito aos direitos humanos e a dignidade da pessoa humana, tornando possível, atingir o objetivo 8 da Agenda 2030 da ONU. Partindo desse pressuposto, objetiva-se com o artigo analisar os reflexos do capitalismo humanista e o atingimento do objetivo 8 da declaração da agenda 2030 da ONU, no programa de integridade da esfera privada e na ética empresarial, assim como, responder à pergunta: qual o reflexo do capitalismo humanista e o atingimento do objetivo 8 da declaração da agenda 2030 da ONU, no programa de integridade da esfera privada e na ética empresarial? Identificando-se que o o impacto que o capitalismo humanista e pode tornar possível o atingimento do objetivo 8 da Agenda 2030 da ONU no que diz respeito ao programa de integridade e na ética empresarial é o respeito Universal dos Direitos Humanos e da Dignidade Humana, ou seja, abordar no programa de integridade ações que visem e garantam os Direitos Humanos, a Dignidade da Pessoa Humana, o bem-estar no trabalho, e as condutas e comportamentos éticos que coadunem para que esses Direitos, que são garantidos pela Constituição Federal Brasileira não sejam violados, investigação mediada por pesquisa bibliográfica e qualitativa.
Editorial
Authors: Direito UFMS Revista
Published: August 2023

Editorial
Elucidating the Mechanism of Buyanghuanwu Decoction Acting on
Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Network Pharmacology and Animal Studies
Authors: Xing Qichang , Liu Xiang , Liu Zheng , Yan Qingzi , Hu Yixiang , Li Wencan , Peng Ke
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective:

Buyanghuanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is a clinically proven
prescription effective in treating pulmonary fibrosis (PF), but the molecular mechanism underlying
its action remains unclear. The network pharmacology analysis was performed to elucidate the acting
substances and related pathways of BYHWD in treating bleomycin (BLM) induced PF mouse.

Methods:

First, the pharmacologically active components and corresponding targets in BYHWD
were identified through the TCMSP database and literature review. Second, PF-related targets were
identified through the DisGeNet database. Then, the components-targets network of BYHWD in
PF treatment was constructed using Cytoscape. The DAVID database was used for the enrichment
analysis of GO terms and KEGG pathways. At last, the therapeutic effect of BYHWD on BLMinduced
PF mice were verified, and the mRNA and protein expression of related targets was
determined through RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively.

Results:

The core component-target network contained 58 active components and 147 targets.
Thirty-nine core targets were mainly involved in the regulation of biological functions and KEGG
pathways, such as the positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis and the TNF signaling pathway.
These core targets were obtained through enrichment analysis. Moreover, animal studies
revealed that BYHWD down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, and
NOS2 and inhibited NF-κB and p38 phosphorylation.

Conclusion:

The effects of BYHWD on PF mice are therapeutic, and its anti-PF mechanism mainly
involves the effects on inflammatory factors and the NF-κB/p38 pathway.
Chlorogenic Acid Derivatives: Structural Modifications, Drug Design, and
Biological Activities: A Review
Authors: Joneidi Shima , Alizadeh Seyedeh Roya , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Ali
Published: August 2023

Background:

Phenolic acids have recently gained considerable attention because of their
numerous practical, biological, and pharmacological benefits. Various polyphenolic compounds are
widely distributed in plant sources. Flavonoids and phenolic acids are the two main polyphenolic
compounds that many plants contain abundant polyphenols. Chlorogenic acid, one of the most abundant
phenolic acids, has various biological activities, but it is chemically unstable and degrades into
other compounds or different enzymatic processes.

Methods:

In this review, we have studied many publications about CA and its derivatives. CA derivatives
were classified into three categories in terms of structure and determined each part’s effects on
the body. The biological evaluations, structure-activity relationship, and mechanism of action of CA
derivatives were investigated. The search databases for this review were ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pub-
Med and google scholar.

Results:

Many studies have reported that CA derivatives have demonstrated several biological effects,
including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbes, anti-mutation, anti-carcinogenic, anti-viral,
anti-hypercholesterolemia, anti-hypertensive, anti-bacterial, and hypoglycemic actions. The synthesis
of new stable CA derivatives can enhance its metabolic stability and biological activity.

Conclusion:

The present study represented different synthetic methods and biological activities of CA
derivatives. These compounds showed high antioxidant activity across a wide range of biological effects.
Our goal was to help other researchers design and develop stable analogs of CA for the improvement
of its metabolic stability and the promotion of its biological activity.
Smoking, Coffee Consumption, Alcohol Intake, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea:
A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Yang Yinghao , Wu Jinghao , Li Shanshan , Yu Wenkai , Zhu Hanghang , Wang Yunchao , Li Yusheng
Published: August 2023

Background:

Previous studies revealed that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and smoking,
alcohol consumption, and coffee intake are closely related. This study aimed to evaluate the
causal effect between these factors and OSA.

Methods:

The published genome-wide association study data (GWAS) provided genetic tools. We
conducted a univariable two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effect
between smoking initiation, never smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee intake, and coffee consumption
with the risk of incidence OSA. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the main
method for effect evaluation, and other MR methods were used for sensitivity analysis. After adjusting
for body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and diabetes respectively by multivariable MR
(MVMR), we further evaluate the causal effect of these factors on OSA.

Results:

Under univariable MR analysis, we observed that smoking initiation was associated with
an increased risk of incidence OSA (OR 1.326, 95% CI 1.001-1.757, p =0.049). Never smoking
was associated with decreased risk of OSA (OR 0.872, 95% CI 0.807-0.942, p <0.001). Coffee
intake and coffee consumption was associated with an increased incidence of OSA (OR 1.405,
95% CI 1.065-1.854, p =0.016) and (OR 1.330, 95% CI 1.013-1.746, p =0.040). Further multivariate
MR showed that the causal relationship between never smoking and OSA existed but not coffee
consumption, after adjusting for diabetes and hypertension. However, the all results did not
support causality after adjusting for BMI.

Conclusion:

This two-sample MR study showed that genetically predicted smoking and higher
coffee intake are causally associated with an increased risk of OSA.
Pyrazoline and Analogs: Substrate-based Synthetic Strategies
Authors: Singh Himanshu , Kumar Rajnish , Mazumder Avijit
Published: August 2023

Among the many reports published on strategies applicable to synthesizing pyrazolines
and its analogs, The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition offers a remarkably wide range of
utility. Many 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions used for the synthesis of pyrazolines provide
better selectivity, eco-friendly, and less expensive chemical processes. In the presented
study, we have reviewed various recently adopted strategies for the synthesis of pyrazoline,
which followed the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions mechanism and classified them
based on starting materials such as nitrile imines, diazo compounds, different zwitter ions,
chalcones, and isoprene units. The manuscript also focused on the synthesis of pyrazolines
starting from Seyferth−Gilbert reagents (SGR) and Psilostachyin (PSH) reagents. We hope
this work will help those engaged or have plans to research pyrazoline or its analogs, as
synthetic protocols based on starting material are rarely available for pyrazolines. Thus, this
article holds a valuable complement to the development of newer pyrazoline and its
derivatives
Targeting ADA and HIV-1 Nef Protein with Protease Inhibitors: A Repurposing Strategy through Molecular Networking and an In silico Approach for Integrated Management of HIV Co-infected with Abdominal Tuberculosis
Authors: Ganesan Ramasamy , Premkumar Kuduva Gurumoorthy , Thangavelu Saravanan , Chellappa Selvinthanuja , Vivekanandan Lalitha , Veerasamy Ravichandran , M.R. Pradeep Kumar , Thangavelu Prabha
Published: August 2023

Background:

Background: The co-infection of HIV and abdominal TB poses a worldwide danger to humanity. This is because there are more strains of bacteria that are resistant to many classes of currently available medications. According to current findings, repurposing existing available medications will result in more effective functioning than using newly designed medications.

Objective:

Based on this fact, we hypothesised that the PI could be repurposed; we used Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved PI drugs to treat HIV co-infected patients with abdominal TB, and a computational study has been conducted.

Methods:

This comprises network analysis models to find their protein drug interaction (PDI) through a search tool for interacting chemicals (STICH) module of Cytoscape network analysis model followed by the screening of these drugs for their ADMET prediction and binding affinity with adenosine deaminase (ADA), a protein responsible for abdominal TB, and the HIV-1 Nef protein, responsible for the regulation of immune function (CD4+).

Results:

The network analysis showed 13 nearest binding drugs of these proteins of interest. The ADMET
study result showed the pharmacologically relevant parameters that have a significant effect on the binding
affinity, bioavailability, and toxicity of PI. The top three scores achieved by PI against adenosine
deaminase enzyme activity (PDB ID: 1A4M) are viz., -23.7919, -23.3529, and -22.6773 for Ritonavir,
Tipranavir, and Atazanavir, respectively. The top three scores achieved by PI against HIV-1 Nef protein
activity (PDB ID: 6URI) are viz., -28.7321, -28.4987, and -28.3155 for Atazanavir, Tipranavir, and
Simeprevir, respectively. The active site of ADA and HIV-1 Nef proteins comprises amino acid residues
such as for Tipranavir: Arene-Cation interaction (Phenyl and Pyridine)- Arg B1081, and Lys B1033
(1A4M) and Arene-Cation interaction (Pyridine and Phenyl)- Lys D11 and Arg D33; Sidechain acceptor
Thr B40; Sidechain donor- Asp D30; Backbone donor- Ala B37 (6URI). Atazanavir: Arene-Cation interaction
(Phenyl)- Lys A254 and Lys B1033; Sidechain acceptor - Arg A251 (1A4M).

Conclusion:

Thus, from the computational studies carried out, we could obtain hints for optimising the molecular selectivity of the PI to provide help in the design of new compounds via the repurposing strategy of the FDA-approved PI for effective treatment of co-morbidity with HIV and abdominal TB. However, further pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, preclinical, and clinical studies permit the design of the new agents without undesirable interactions.
Epigrammatic Review on Heterocyclic Moiety Pyrazole: Applications and
Synthesis Routes
Authors: Jain Sapna
Published: August 2023

Heterocyclic compounds are amongst the most promising and versatile classes of biologically
important molecules. One of the heterocycle molecules is pyrazole with a five-membered heterocyclic
ring with two neighboring nitrogen. Pyrazole and its derivatives have shown a broad range of
biological applications like antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, and
herbicidal activities. The study of synthetic routes suggests three broad ways: cyclo-condensation of
hydrazine and its derivatives on 1,3 difunctional systems, dipolar cycloadditions, and multicomponent
reactions. The synthesis of pyrazoles involves the usage of a conventional catalyst and more progressive
and efficient nanoparticles as catalysts. The use of nanocatalysts is grabbing the attention of researchers
owing to their more efficacy and reproducibility, low cost, reusability, ease of production,
etc. The current review is an epigrammatic study on the importance of pyrazole as a biologically important
moiety, recent advances in the three aforementioned routes to synthesize pyrazole and its derivatives,
and a brief on the importance of nanocatalysts.
Epigenetics and Forensics: Brightening the Future
Authors: Rezaei Bareza , Ahadi Maryam , Astaraki Peyman
Published: August 2023

Epigenetics deals with the changes in gene expression (no change in the genetic code) concerning certain epigenetic elements in response to the environment. Some of the most common epigenetic examples include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. This field has been extensively applied in forensic studies, particularly to determine types of body fluids, distinguish them from mixed samples, uncovering the biological age of the forensic samples and drug-based studies. Considering recent findings, this review highlights the applications of epigenetics in forensic investigations.
Patented Formulations, Nanotherapeutics and Herbal Compound
Applications for Dry Eye : A Review
Authors: Pal Vindhya , Verma Sushma
Published: August 2023

Background:

The defining features of dry eye syndrome, a frequent tear and ocular surface
multifactorial disorder, are changes in the ocular surface epithelia linked with less tear production and
elevated sensitivity of the ocular surface, which trigger an inflammatory response. Aqueous deficit dry
eye and evaporated dry eye are the two common types of dry eye. A few of the testing methods used
to detect Dry Eye Disease are the Schirmer’s test, Tear Meniscus Volume, Tear Break-up Time, Tear
Film Thickness, Meibomian Gland Infrared Meibography, Lissamine Green Staining, and Rose Bengal
Staining. Hyperosmolarity and instability are the main pathogenic processes of dry eye disease.
These systems are intricately linked to one another and create a "vicious circle" that never ends.

Objective:

The objective of this review was to describe patented formulations, novel drug delivery
systems and herbal drugs for Dry Eye Disease.

Results:

Following a thorough assessment, the current study has elaborated a number of patented formulations
in the form of contact lenses, biomarkers, novel approaches, and emulsions (traditional dosage
forms) as well as natural medicines. In comparison to standard dosage forms, contact lenses and
novel approaches have longer contact times and higher bioavailability.

Conclusion:

In this paper, the diagnostic methods of dry eye disease, the outcomes of pathophysiology,
herbal treatments, nanotherapeutics, and current patented medicine formulations are described.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Dispensing Practice of Emergency Contraceptive
Pills among Community Pharmacists: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Sunny Anjo , Varghese Treesa P. , Mary Varghese Nila
Published: August 2023

Background:

The improper or incorrect usage of birth control results in unintended pregnancy.
In India, 78% of pregnancies are accidental, with unwanted pregnancies accounting for about
25% of all pregnancies. The family, society, and country may all be financially impacted by such
pregnancies. Community pharmacists must have a good attitude and sufficient knowledge of emergency
contraception pills (ECPs) in order for women to receive them in a timely manner and as a result,
have fewer unintended pregnancies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude,
and, practices of community pharmacy practitioners towards ECPs.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out on retail pharmacies located in Madhya Pradesh,
Mumbai. A standardized questionnaire was used in 164 community pharmacies to interview about
CPPs using a convenience sampling technique. The survey evaluated the CPP's dispensing procedures,
knowledge, attitude, and demographic profile. Data analysis was carried out by using the statistical
package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Results:

A total of 164 registered pharmacists participated in the study, which included 76.1 %
(n=124) males and 23.9% (n=39) females. Among all the participants, 73.0% of them had a diploma
in pharmacy (D Pharm) education, and half of the study participants had a working experience between
1-5 years. In this study, 56.64 %, 27.6%, and 16% of participants had average knowledge,
sound knowledge, and poor knowledge, respectively. Results showed that 90.2% (147) of pharmacists
came under the positive attitude category, 5.5% of pharmacists had a negative attitude, and 4.3% had a
neutral attitude. A moderate positive linear relationship (0.401) existed between the knowledge and
attitude of the pharmacist in this study. Attitude and dispensing of emergency OC as OTC to people
older than 18 years old and less than 18 years old showed a moderate negative linear relationship. After
adjusting the possible confounder variables, age and years of experience significantly affected the
knowledge, attitude, and practice of EC.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the present study has shown that there is generally a lack of knowledge
and poor attitude toward emergency contraceptive medicines among community pharmacists. Therefore,
it is recommended that improving pharmacist's knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) through
proper training and counseling about EC can enhance the appropriate use of drugs.