bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unicums, Fragments, and Other Hebrew Book Rarities
Authors: Heller Marvin
Published: June 2014

The subject matter of this article is unique or rare editions of early Hebrew books. Due to varying external circumstances, these rare books are extant only in fragments, unique single exemplars, or in a limited number of copies. Although Hebrew texts were subject to the same ravages of time and, perhaps, occasional indifference as were other early books, they also suffered to a much greater extent than their non-Hebrew counterparts from the indignities and deeds, or more accurately misdeeds, of anti-Semites who expended their wrath not only on Jews but also directed their venom towards Jewish books. The article is not about the causes of book rarity per se, but rather describes a variety of Hebrew works, either of the individual title, or, in some instances, of a particular edition of a reprinted work that is extant today in a single or a limited number of copies.
Ilan Weinberg, 1945-2013
Authors: Vernon Elizabeth
Published: June 2014

Obituary of Ilan Weinberg (1945-2013).
Regulación estatal y segregación educativa en la Provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Veleda Cecilia
Published: June 2014

El artículo indaga los modos a través de los cuales la regulación estatal de la provincia de Buenos Aires contribuye a reforzar la segregación educativa, entendida como la separación de los alumnos según su nivel socioeconómico en circuitos educativos desiguales por las experiencias de socialización, condiciones de aprendizaje y saberes que los mismos brindan. Con este objetivo, se analizan las disposiciones de la normativa y la intervención de las principales autoridades intermedias (supervisores, consejos escolares y municipios) sobre la distribución de los alumnos, los docentes, los recursos materiales y algunas ofertas pedagógicas entre las escuelas. El artículo concluye que, en ciertos casos, la regulación estatal de la Dirección General de Cultura y Educación favorece la segregación de manera directa, mediante la asignación injusta de los elementos mencionados. También lo hace de manera indirecta, abriendo amplios márgenes de acción a los actores situados “sobre la base” del sistema educativo -autoridades intermedias, directores de escuela y familias- en la distribución de dichos elementos.
El despertar de los gigantes: presente y futuro de los sistemas de educación superior en China e India
Authors: Altbach Philip
Published: June 2014

China e India constituyen, respectivamente, el primer y el tercer sistema académico más grande del mundo (Estados Unidos es el segundo). Ambos están creciendo con velocidad: gran parte de la expansión global de la matrícula entre el presente y 2050 se dará solamente en estos dos países. China matricula a alrededor del 22% de dicha cohorte de edad e India solamente matricula al 10%, lo que sugiere que se puede dar un gran crecimiento. Tanto India como China siguen siendo los mayores “exportadores” de estudiantes, en gran medida debido a los grandes sistemas académicos de habla inglesa. Cada país ha tenido un enfoque distinto hacia el desarrollo de la educación superior. India no ha podido crear universidades de alta calidad -solamente los Institutos Indios de Tecnología son reconocidos como instituciones de “nivel internacional”, que son pequeños y especializados-. La mayor parte de las energías de India se han invertido en proporcionar acceso (a la educación superior) a los estudiantes. Por otra parte, en las últimas dos décadas, China ha dedicado gran esfuerzo y financiamiento a crear universidades de investigación de primer nivel y ahora tiene poco más de una docena de instituciones exitosas que están empezando a competir a nivel global. Ambos países presentan sectores de educación superior privada en crecimiento, y ambos enfrentan desafíos importantes en la medida en que intentan complacer una demanda de acceso que va en aumento
La docencia universitaria en Argentina Obstáculos en la carrera académica
Authors: García de Fanelli Ana , Moguillansky Marina
Published: June 2014

El artículo analiza el funcionamiento de los mecanismos de acceso y promoción de los docentes dentro de las universidades nacionales de Argentina. Para ello se realizaron 156 entrevistas en profundidad con docentes de siete universidades nacionales y dos campos disciplinarios, biología y administración. Los docentes destacan la existencia de fallas en los concursos públicos como uno de los principales obstáculos, tanto respecto al acceso a cargos de mayor categoría como de superior dedicación horaria. Las observaciones críticas apuntan a la inestabilidad laboral, la dependencia de los concursos con respecto al presupuesto y su politización, los criterios de evaluación de los candidatos, la composición de los jurados y  la competencia y sus efectos en el ambiente laboral.Algunas universidades han tratado de superar los problemas que acarrean los concursos públicos a través de la incorporación de la “carrera docente” asegurando estabilidad en el cargo vía un sistema de evaluación permanente del desempeño docente. Al hacerlo han tenido que enfrentar nuevas restricciones: fondos insuficientes para garantizar las promociones, complejos sistemas de evaluación con resistencias de los docentes y altos costos de gestión y estancamiento de la estructura ocupacional tras la garantía de estabilidad de los cargos.
Tecnologías de la información y desigualdad educativa en América Latina
Authors: Tedesco Juan Carlos
Published: June 2014

El artículo parte del supuesto que las tecnologías de la información no definen por ellas mismas los objetivos sociales que pretendemos alcanzar. La potencialidad democratizadora o innovadora de las tecnologías depende de los modelos sociales y pedagógicos en los que se inserte su utilización. Se analiza la brecha digital tanto entre países como en su interior, así como la dinámica de producción de contenidos y el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías sobre los resultados de aprendizaje. En el diseño de estrategias políticas se reconoce que la variable clave son los docentes y se alerta sobre la necesidad de que los procesos de introducción de las tecnologías de la información en las escuelas sean acompañados por instancias de experimentación y de evaluación, que son las únicas que pueden evitar falsas ilusiones y garantizar que las enormes inversiones que requieren estos procesos tengan los efectos buscados.
Rheological Characteristics of a New Kind of Friction-Promoting Grease
Authors: Ma Wan , Zhu Zhencai , Peng Yuxing , Chen Guoan
Published: June 2014

The main objective of this work was to study the rheological characteristics of a newly developed friction-promoting grease (FPG) in China that has been widely used for the lubrication and protection of multi-rope friction hoists. A stereo microscope was used to determine the microstructure of the grease. A series of rheological tests were performed on a cone-plate rheometer to investigate the thixotropic shear-thinning behavior under several constant temperature conditions and examine the changes in the apparent viscosity when the temperature is increased while the shear rate is kept constant. Experimental results indicated that within the temperature range of 20°C to 30°C, a lower temperature could lead to a stronger thixotropy of the FPG. Within the temperature range of 20°C to 160°C, a lower temperature could result in a greater yield stress and a more intense shear-thinning behavior of the FPG, which was in good agreement with Sisko’s model. It should be noted that at 170°C and 180°C, the apparent viscosity showed a slightly ascending trend at low shear rates and a stable value was gradually approached as the shear rate increased. Under a constant shear rate, the apparent viscosity remained stable after decreasing and then finally increased with an increase in the temperature.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation on the use of Heat Shields for Thermal Management in a Car Underhood
Authors: S.Y. Lam  , N.H. Shuaib  , H. Hasini  , N. A. Shuaib
Published: June 2014

Temperature variations inside a car underhood are largely controlled by the heat originating from the engine block and the exhaust manifold. Excessive temperatures in the underhood can lead to the faster deterioration of engine components and may affect the thermal comfort level inside the passenger cabin. This paper presents computational fluid dynamics investigations to assess the performance of a heat shield in lowering the peak temperature of the engine components and firewall in the underhood region of a typical passenger car. The simulation used the finite volume method with the standard k-ε turbulence model and an isothermal model for the heat transfer calculations. The results show that the heat shield managed to reduce the peak temperature of the engine components and firewall by insulating the intense heat from the engine block and exhaust and regulating the airflow inside the underhood region.
Comparison of Polyjet Printing and Silicon Moulding as Rapid Plastic Moulding Solution
Authors: R. Singh
Published: June 2014

The aim of the present investigation is to compare two rapid molding (RM) solutions, namely polyjet printing (PP) and silicon molding (SM), for the manufacture of plastic components. The comparison has been made on the basis of dimensional accuracy (as per IT grades), mechanical properties (namely surface hardness, surface roughness) and production cost. The comparison of the experimental results will serve as a yard stick for the further selection of processes for industrial applications.
Estimation of the Dynamic Properties of Epoxy Glass Fabric Composites with Natural Rubber Particle Inclusions
Authors: H. Ravi Sankar  , R.R. Srikant  , P. Vamsi Krishna  , V. Bhujanga Rao  , P. Bangaru Babu
Published: June 2014

Conventional materials are being replaced in the field of engineering by composite materials, due to their tailorable properties and high specific properties. These materials are extensively used in structural applications. Damping is one of the important properties of the materials used in structures, and needs to be enhanced in order to reduce structural vibrations. In the present work, the  improvement of the material damping of glass fabric epoxy composites with particle rubber inclusions is studied. The effect of particle size on the damping and stiffness parameters at different frequencies and temperatures is studied experimentally. Considerable enhancement in damping without significant reduction in stiffness is observed at lower particle sizes. The damping property in both bending and shear modes is more with 0.254 mm rubber particle inclusions among the selected sizes. A lower reduction in stiffness is observed with the inclusion of lower particle sizes (0.254 mm and 0.09 mm) when compared with higher particle sizes. An ANN-based prediction model is developed to predict these properties for a given frequency/temperature and particle size. The predicted values are very close to the experimental values with an maximum error of 5%.
Pattern Development for Manufacturing Applications with Fused Deposition Modelling – A Case Study
Authors: H. K. Garg  , R. Singh
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this paper is to examine the suitability of fused deposition modelling (FDM), for the production of a pattern that can be used in direct manufacturing applications. In this work, the benchmark was identified and its best part orientation in a FDM machine was located through experimentation. Control charts and process capability histogram were drawn to assess the process capability of the FDM process. The micro hardness of the prepared sample was measured to check the suitability of the process for investment casting applications. Further dimensional accuracy of patterns was established by IT grades as per the ISO standard UNI EN 20286-I (1995). It was observed that the performance indices for all the dimensions in the present study are greater than 1. The study of photo micrographs using SEM gave an insight into the properties of the component (produced by FDM). This study highlights that the  tolerance grades for ABS plastics are consistent with the permissible range of tolerance grades as per the ISO standard UNI EN 20286-I (1995) and DIN16901 standard.
Effect of Ta2O5 Doping on the Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3 Based Ceramics
Authors: Mousharraf Adnan , Islam Md. Fakhrul
Published: June 2014

The main focus of the research was to correlate composition and sintering parameters with the microstructure and dielectric properties of Ta2O5 doped BaTiO3 ceramics. The samples were sintered using both single and two-stage sintering techniques. Thereafter SEM and XRD techniques were used to examine the structure of the samples with a particular focus on the incorporation of Ta5+ ions into the BaTiO3 crystal lattice. The  SEM analysis focused on measuring the grain size and investigating the grain size distribution of the sintered samples. Finally, the dielectric properties were analysed and the relationship between the properties and structure of the doped BaTiO3 was established. From the research it can be stated that two-stage sintering yielded the best dielectric properties. The best stable value of the room temperature dielectric constant (k) of 19000 was obtained for the 1.5 mole % Ta2O5 doped BaTiO3 sample sintered at 13200C for 0hrs and 12800C for 6hrs, due to the combination of a high percent theoretical density (%TD) and optimum grain size. At a temperature range of 300 to 600C, this combination of composition and sintering parameters yielded a dielectric constant in the range of 18000–19000.
Application of Multibody Simulation for Fatigue Life Estimation
Authors: Kamal M. , Rahman Md. Mustafizur , Sani M.S.M.
Published: June 2014

In automobile design, the safety of passengers is of prime concern to the manufacturers. Suspension is one of the safety-related automotive systems which is responsible for maintaining traction between the road and tires, and offers a comfortable ride experience to the passengers by absorbing disturbances. One of the critical components of the suspension system is the knuckle, which constantly faces cyclic loads subjecting it to fatigue failure. This paper presents an evaluation of the fatigue characteristics of a knuckle using a gravel road profile acquired using a data acquisition system and standard SAE profiles for the suspension (SAESUS), bracket (SAEBRAKT) and transmission (SAETRN). The gravel road profile was applied as the input to a multi body simulation (MBS), and the load history for various mounting points of the knuckle is extracted. Fatigue life is predicted using the strain-life method. The instantaneous stress distributions and maximum principal stress are used for fatigue life predictions. From the results, the strut connection is found to be the critical region for fatigue failure. The fatigue life from loading extracted from gravel road MBS agreed well with the life prediction when standard SAE profiles were used. This close agreement shows the effectiveness of the load extraction technique from MBS. This method can also be effectively used for more complex loading conditions that occur during real driving environments.
Evaluation of Annoyance and Suitability of a Back-Up Warning Sound for Electric Vehicles
Authors: I. Salleh, M.Z. Md. Zain, R.I. Raja Hamzah
Published: June 2014

This paper describes the evaluation of the annoyance and suitability of a back-up warning sound for electric vehicles (EV). Three back-up signals used for the evaluation were categorized into three types: broadband, tonal and multi-tone. The reversing sound for a Nissan Leaf (EV-first mass production) will also be included as a benchmark for the other three sound signals. The sample sound was generated based on the human hearing threshold in several individual related areas; age-related, normal and working noise exposure frequency range. Each sound was evaluated in turn by the respondents in a nearby neighborhood, college, town area and rural area in terms of level of annoyance and its suitability as an EV back-up sound to alert pedestrians as they run quietly on the road, which can cause a hazard. Every tested sound perception result is based on the place where the respondents live. An appropriate sound for a quiet vehicle can help pedestrians to detect it and at the same time maintain acceptable environmental sound levels.
Design Improvements of A Gripper-Type Transplanter for Pineapple Suckers
Authors: Mohd Taufik Ahmad, Rohazrin Abdul Rani, Abd Rahim Hassan
Published: June 2014

Pineapple transplanting is very laborious work. This process requires 15 workers to plant one hectare of pineapple, which requires 43,500 suckers. The objective of this study was to develop an improved mechanical transplanter for transplanting pineapple suckers. Physical parameters of pineapple suckers, such as weight (g), length (cm), diameter (cm) and canopy (cm) were measured for two varieties, MD2 and N36. A preliminary experiment based on the gripper-type mechanical transplanter was also done. The experiment proved that this transplanter had potential for transplanting pineapple suckers, as it was able to transplant the suckers with the targeted planting distance of 30 cm. However, components such as the roller chain system, the grippers and furrow opener required design improvements. The roller chain system should use 12.5 mm (0.5 in) chain for the whole chain-sprocket system. The gripper should be lengthened to 30 cm to accommodate the uniform pineapple sucker length. The gripper slot should also be widened to about 6 cm. The furrow opener needs to be widened from 8.9 cm to 10.2 cm to accommodate the biggest diameter of pineapple suckers. It is hoped that these design improvements can improve the workability of the mechanical transplanter for transplantation of pineapple suckers.
Nucleoporin FG Domains Facilitate mRNP Remodeling at the Cytoplasmic Face of the Nuclear Pore Complex
Authors: Adams Rebecca L , Terry Laura J , Wente Susan R
Published: June 2014

Directional export of messenger RNA (mRNA) protein particles (mRNPs) through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) requires multiple factors. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the NPC proteins Nup159 and Nup42 are asymmetrically localized to the cytoplasmic face and have distinct functional domains: a phenylalanine-glycine (FG) repeat domain that docks mRNP transport receptors and domains that bind the DEAD-box ATPase Dbp5 and its activating cofactor Gle1, respectively. We speculated that the Nup42 and Nup159 FG domains play a role in positioning mRNPs for the terminal mRNP-remodeling steps carried out by Dbp5. Here we find that deletion (Δ) of both the Nup42 and Nup159 FG domains results in a cold-sensitive poly(A)+ mRNA export defect. The nup42ΔFG nup159ΔFG mutant also has synthetic lethal genetic interactions with dbp5 and gle1 mutants. RNA cross-linking experiments further indicate that the nup42ΔFG nup159ΔFG mutant has a reduced capacity for mRNP remodeling during export. To further analyze the role of these FG domains, we replaced the Nup159 or Nup42 FG domains with FG domains from other Nups. These FG “swaps” demonstrate that only certain FG domains are functional at the NPC cytoplasmic face. Strikingly, fusing the Nup42 FG domain to the carboxy-terminus of Gle1 bypasses the need for the endogenous Nup42 FG domain, highlighting the importance of proximal positioning for these factors. We conclude that the Nup42 and Nup159 FG domains target the mRNP to Gle1 and Dbp5 for mRNP remodeling at the NPC. Moreover, these results provide key evidence that character and context play a direct role in FG domain function and mRNA export.
Neuronal Remodeling During Metamorphosis Is Regulated by the alan shepard (shep) Gene in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Chen Dahong , Qu Chunjing , Bjorum Sonia M , Beckingham Kathleen M , Hewes Randall S
Published: June 2014

Peptidergic neurons are a group of neuronal cells that synthesize and secrete peptides to regulate a variety of biological processes. To identify genes controlling the development and function of peptidergic neurons, we conducted a screen of 545 splice-trap lines and identified 28 loci that drove expression in peptidergic neurons when crossed to a GFP reporter transgene. Among these lines, an insertion in the alan shepard (shep) gene drove expression specifically in most peptidergic neurons. shep transcripts and SHEP proteins were detected primarily and broadly in the central nervous system (CNS) in embryos, and this expression continued into the adult stage. Loss of shep resulted in late pupal lethality, reduced adult life span, wing expansion defects, uncoordinated adult locomotor activities, rejection of males by virgin females, and reduced neuropil area and reduced levels of multiple presynaptic markers throughout the adult CNS. Examination of the bursicon neurons in shep mutant pharate adults revealed smaller somata and fewer axonal branches and boutons, and all of these cellular phenotypes were fully rescued by expression of the most abundant wild-type shep isoform. In contrast to shep mutant animals at the pharate adult stage, shep mutant larvae displayed normal bursicon neuron morphologies. Similarly, shep mutant adults were uncoordinated and weak, while shep mutant larvae displayed largely, although not entirely, normal locomotor behavior. Thus, shep played an important role in the metamorphic development of many neurons.
Viability Studies—Comparison of Techniques
Authors: Kireyev Dmitriy , Adib Keenan , Poh Kian Keong , Khalil Mofid , Wilson Michael F ,   State University of New York, Buffalo, Cambridge Health Alliance, Whidden Memorial Hospital, 103 Garland Street, Everett, MA 02149. E: dkireyev@cha.harvard.edu,   National University Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,   National University Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,   Cardiology Department, Kaleida Health, Buffalo,   Cardiology Department, Kaleida Health, Buffalo
Published: June 2014

Ischemic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of congestive heart failure. Despite multiple therapeutic options, morbidity and mortality remain high. Revascularization is one of the best options to improve ejection fraction and survival in patients with hibernating myocardium. This article discusses the role of positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based viability studies and their comparative evaluation.
Should a Cardiologist be the Principal Attending Physician or the Consultant to a Hospitalist or General Internist for Cardiovascular Disease Admissions?
Authors: Everett George , Uddin Nizam ,   Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Florida Hospital Medical Center, 2501 North Orange Avenue, Orlando, FL 32804. E: george.everett.md@flhosp.org,   Professor of Statistics, University of Central Florida
Published: June 2014

Cardiologists may be the principal attending physician or the consultant to general internists or hospitalists in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases. To find out which role may be best for quality and efficiency, a retrospective cohort study of 15, 113 patients in 11 cardiovascular diagnosis groups was carried out. Hospital cost, length of stay, mortality, and 30-day readmissions were compared among attending physicians who were hospitalists, general internists, or cardiologists. After adjustment for differences in demography and severity, cardiologists generally had substantially lower cost and length of stay compared with internists or hospitalists, especially when the diagnosis group included a cardiovascular procedure. Hospitalists and internists did not differ substantially in cost or length of stay. There were no statistically significant differences among the physician groups in mortality or 30-day readmissions. In conclusion, cardiologists may be the more efficient attending physician for selected cardiovascular diseases, especially when procedures are involved.
Predisposing Factors, Demographics, Angiographic Features, and the Possible Role of Inflammation in Coronary Perforations—A 10-year Single-center Experience
Authors: Chandra Preeti , Chatterjee Saurav , Koradia Nishant , Thekkoott Deepak , Malik Bilal , Frankel Robert , Shani Jacob ,   Fellow, Cardiology,   Resident, Internal Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, 864 49th Street, Apt C11, Brooklyn, NY 11220. E: sauravchatterjeemd@gmail.com,   Fellow,   Fellow,   Attending,   Director of the Cardiac Catheterization Lab,   Director of the Cardiac Institute, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center.
Published: June 2014

Background:Coronary perforation during percutaneous coronary intervention is a rare but dreaded complication. The risk factors, optimal management, and outcome remain obscure.Objectives:To determine the predisposing factors, optimal management, and preventive strategies. We retrospectively looked at coronary perforations at our catheterization laboratory over the last 10 years. We reviewed patient charts and reports. Two independent operators, in a blinded approach, reviewed all procedural cineangiograms. Data were analyzed by simple statistical methodology.Results:Nine patients were treated conservatively and six patients were treated with prolonged balloon inflation. Six patients were treated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-covered stents. One patient required emergency coronary artery bypass graft. No deaths were reported. Subjects with perforations also had a significantly higher total white blood cell count (means 12,134 versus 6,155, 95 % confidence interval [CI], p< 0.0001, n=22), total absolute neutrophil count (means 74.2 % versus 57.1 %, 95 % CI, p<0.0001, n=22), and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (means 3.65 versus 1.50, 95% CI, p<0.0001, n=22).Conclusions:Coronary perforations are rare but potentially fatal events. Hypertension, small vessel diameter, high balloon:artery ratio, use of hydrophilic wires, and presence of myocardial bridging appear to be possible risk factors. Most perforations can be treated conservatively or with prolonged balloon inflation using perfusion balloons. Use of PTFE-covered stents could be a life-saving measure in cases of large perforations. Subjects with perforations also had greater systemic inflammation as indicated by elevated white cell counts.
Characterization of Localized Electrochemical Properties of Si3N4-TiC Ceramic Nanocomposite Using Dual-Electrode Scanning Probes
Authors: Liu Bernard Haochih , Cheng Jui-Teng
Published: June 2014

Scanning probe microscopy, having the capability of nano-positioning and nanomanipulation, enables the characterization of material properties at a very small scale. In our previous work, the investigation of localized electrochemical reactions in Si3N4-TiC ceramic nanocomposites had been demonstrated using a single conductive scanning probe in a scanning impedance microscope (SIM). The results have provided experimental evidence that links the relations among microstructural heterogeneity, electrochemical property, and sintering behavior of spark plasma sintered ceramics. This single-probe SIM measurement gave through-body electrochemical information of specific surface feature of interest; however, the characterization of across-surface material properties in nanoscale is still much desired and unavailable.

To further investigate the heterogeneity of materials, we have designed and developed a dual-electrode scanning probe (DESP), which is capable of localized electrochemical characterization across the surface of a material. These probes were designed based on computer simulation and iterations, and fabricated using common semiconductor processing techniques. The span of two probes (electrodes) in our first prototypes was 10∼15 microns, which can be further reduced with optimized parameters. The DESP probes have been evaluated on Si3N4-TiC nanocomposites to demonstrate their functionality in topography scanning and in-situ impedance measurement. The impedance spectroscopy revealed two distinct impedance patterns for measurements across TiC-rich and Si3N4-rich surface regions. The design, fabrication, and evaluation of DESP were discussed in addition to the analysis of Si3N4-TiC nanocomposites.
The rs1893217 (T/C) polymorphism in PTPN2 gene is not associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus in subjects from Southern Brazil
Authors: Rheinheimer Jakeline , Oliveira Fernanda dos Santos de , Canani Luís Henrique , Crispim Daisy
Published: June 2014

Objective: To evaluate the association of the PTPN2 rs1893217 polymorphism with T1DM and/or its clinical and laboratory characteristics in a Caucasian population from Southern Brazil. Subjects and methods: Four hundred and eighty six patients with T1DM and 484 non-diabetic subjects were included in the study. Genotyping of the PTPN2 rs1893217 was performed by real-time PCR. Results: Genotype frequencies did not differ between T1DM patients and non-diabetic subjects (P = 0.265). The C allele was observed in 14.5% of the T1DM sample and 12.2% of the non-diabetic group (P = 0.152). Moreover, the frequencies of this variant did not differ statistically between T1DM patients and non-diabetic subjects when assuming recessive, dominant, or additive inheritance models. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of T1DM patients did not differ significantly among the three genotypes of the rs1893217 polymorphism, either. Conclusion: The PTPN2 rs1893217 polymorphism is not significantly associated with T1DM in Caucasian subjects from Southern Brazil.
Os movimentos macropolíticos e micropolíticos: no ensino de graduação em Enfermagem
Authors: Chaves Simone Edi
Published: June 2014

Este estudo tematiza a Educação Superior em enfermagem, tendo em vista: as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN), a adequação da formação profissional às necessidades do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e a construção de práticas cuidadoras na atenção integral à saúde. A reflexão se dá no âmbito da pedagogia universitária relativa à formação de quaisquer das profissões superiores regulamentadas no Brasil em sua orientação ao cuidado. O cuidado desponta como produção de atenção integral à saúde; identificação com os usuários da atenção profissional de saúde; compreensão do sistema sanitário como resposta em rede às necessidades sociais em saúde, e formação como ousado processo de subjetivação, desafiador de autonomias inventivas de si e do mundo.
Revalidação do método titulométrico para determinação do ácido ascórbico
Authors: Alves Aline Inacio , Teixeira Luciano José Quintão , Saraiva Sergio Henriques , Carneiro Joel de Souza
Published: June 2014

Este estudo teve como objetivo revalidar o método de determinação de ácido ascórbico por titulometria, para ser aplicado no laboratório de Química de Alimentos, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. O processo de revalidação foi realizado por meio da avaliação de parâmetros como linearidade, precisão (repetitividade), exatidão (teste de recuperação) e limites de detecção, considerando-se os critérios de aceitabilidade determinados. A significância adotada nos testes de hipóteses foi de 5%. Foram realizadas análises de coeficiente de correlação linear simples (r), coeficiente de variação (CV) e a análise de regressão. Os dados foram analisados, utilizando-se o pacote estatístico Statistica 7.0. O método quantitativo por titulometria de ácido ascórbico foi revalidado e avaliado em amostras de ácido ascórbico e suco de limão. Verificou-se que o método está de acordo com os limites regulamentados pelos órgãos reguladores, sendo linear, repetitivo e com alta recuperação, apresentando um valor máximo de 98 e mínimo de 94,82%, e um limite de detecção de 0,025 mg mL-1, no suco de limão.
Desempenho agronômico a campo de híbridos de milho inoculados com Azospirillum
Authors: Quadros Patricia Dörr de , Roesch Luiz Fernando Wurdig , Silva Paulo Régis Ferreira da , Vieira Vladirene Macedo , Roehrs Dioni Dinael , Camargo Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira
Published: June 2014

O uso de inoculantes na cultura do milho tem sido cada vez mais valorizado, em vista dos benefícios que pode trazer à cultura, como a fixação biológica do nitrogênio e o aumento da quantidade de raízes. Isto pode melhorar a absorção de água e nutrientes pela planta, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do milho, principalmente em períodos de seca. Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar, em condições de campo, as características agronômicas e o rendimento de grãos de híbridos de milho, inoculados, ou não, com uma mistura de três espécies de Azospirillum (A. brasilense, A. lipoferum, A. oryzae). Foram avaliados o teor relativo de clorofila nas folhas, a altura de planta, a senescência foliar, os componentes de rendimento de grãos, o teor de N, a matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas e o número mais provável de bactérias diazotróficas na rizosfera das plantas. A inoculação manteve o teor de clorofila significativamente maior até o estádio R3 das plantas, para os três híbridos testados, aumentou o rendimento da matéria seca da parte aérea, dos híbridos AS 1575 e SHS 5050, o peso de 1000 grãos, para o híbrido P32R48 e altura, para o AS 1575. Houve interação entre os genótipos de milho e as bactérias inoculadas, visto que, cada híbrido testado respondeu de forma diferente à inoculação. A inoculação de Azospirillum em milho demonstrou estimular o desenvolvimento das plantas no período vegetativo, aumentando a probabilidade de obter-se um estande de plantas uniforme, maior resistência ao estresse e maior concentração de clorofila nas folhas.
Viabilidade agroeconômica da consorciação do taro com feijão-vagem indeterminado em razão da época de plantio
Authors: Vieira Janiele Cássia Barbosa , Puiatti Mário , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Bhering Aline da Silva , Silva Geovani do Carmo Copati da , Colombo João Nacir
Published: June 2014

A consorciação de culturas é um sistema de cultivo que tem como objetivos principais alcançar alta produtividade por unidade de área e promover a sustentabilidade do sistema de produção. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a viabilidade agronômica e a rentabilidade econômica do consórcio do taro (Colocasia esculenta) com feijão-vagem (Phaseolus vulgaris) de hábito de crescimento indeterminado. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, na horta do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, no período de outubro/2011 a junho/2012. Constou de sete tratamentos resultantes de três cultivos consorciados do taro com feijão-vagem, estabelecidos aos 0, 21 e 42 dias após o plantio do taro, e de quatro monoculturas, sendo três do feijão-vagem, estabelecidas nas mesmas épocas dos cultivos consorciados com o taro, e de uma do taro. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Como material propagativo, utilizou-se o clone 'Japonês' e o cultivar de feijão-vagem 'Estrela'. A determinação dos custos de produção dos cultivos foi realizada com base no custo operacional de produção. Todos os sistemas consorciados foram agronomicamente viáveis, por apresentar Uso Eficiente da Terra (UET) acima de um. Dentre esses destacam-se os consórcios do feijão-vagem com o taro implementados a 0 e 21 dias após o plantio do taro, por proporcionarem maior renda líquida e vantagem monetária corrigida.
Determination of reactivity rates of silicate particle-size fractions
Authors: Deus Angélica Cristina Fernandes , Büll Leonardo Theodoro , Corrêa Juliano Corulli , Villas Boas Roberto Lyra
Published: June 2014

The efficiency of sources used for soil acidity correction depends on reactivity rate (RR) and neutralization power (NP), indicated by effective calcium carbonate (ECC). Few studies establish relative efficiency of reactivity (RER) for silicate particle-size fractions, therefore, the RER applied for lime are used. This study aimed to evaluate the reactivity of silicate materials affected by particle size throughout incubation periods in comparison to lime, and to calculate the RER for silicate particle-size fractions. Six correction sources were evaluated: three slags from distinct origins, dolomitic and calcitic lime separated into four particle-size fractions (2, 0.84, 0.30 and <0.30-mm sieves), and wollastonite, as an additional treatment. The treatments were applied to three soils with different texture classes. The dose of neutralizing material (calcium and magnesium oxides) was applied at equal quantities, and the only variation was the particle-size material. After a 90-day incubation period, the RER was calculated for each particle-size fraction, as well as the RR and ECC of each source. The neutralization of soil acidity of the same particle-size fraction for different sources showed distinct solubility and a distinct reaction between silicates and lime. The RER for slag were higher than the limits established by Brazilian legislation, indicating that the method used for limes should not be used for the slags studied here.
Urease inhibitor (NBPT) and efficiency of single or split application of urea in wheat crop
Authors: Espindula Marcelo Curitiba , Rocha Valterley Soares , Souza Moacil Alves de , Campanharo Marcela , Pimentel Adérico Júnior Badaró
Published: June 2014

NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide), a urease inhibitor, has been reported as one of the most promising compounds to maximize urea nitrogen use in agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of irrigated wheat fertilized with urea or urea + NBPT as single or split application. The experiment was conducted from June to October 2006 in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The experimental design followed a 2×2 factorial scheme, in which urea or urea + NBPT were combined with two modes of application: full dose at sowing (60kg ha-1) or split (20kg ha-1 at sowing + 40kg ha-1 as topdressing at tillering), in randomized blocks with ten replications. The split application of nitrogen fertilization does not improve the yield wheat under used conditions. The use of urease inhibitor improves the grain yield of wheat crop when urea is applied in topdressing at tillering, but its use does not promote difference when urea is applied in the furrow at planting.
De volta a Hegel?: sobre Menos que nada, de Slavoj Žižek
Authors: Pippin Robert
Published: June 2014

Slavoj Žižek propõe-se oferecer uma versão renovada da dialética materialista e uma teoria crítica ao capitalismo moderno tardio. No entanto, resta saber se sua versão do idealismo alemão oferece o caminho adequado para essa crítica. Neste artigo procura-se sugerir uma maneira diferente de compreender o problema da "negatividade" nessa tradição e de responder à questão de se há algo na sociedade contemporânea que proporciona alguma base material para as aspirações de Hegel sobre os potenciais transformadores e educativos da sociedade civil moderna. É difícil não ser profundamente pessimista a esse respeito, mas a procura por esses possíveis "rastros da razão" parece uma perspectiva mais genuinamente hegeliana.
Impacto da regulamentação SPS e TBT nas exportações brasileiras de uva no período de 1995 a 2009
Authors: Alves Greigiano José , Gomes Marília Fernandes Maciel , Almeida Fernanda Maria , Gonçalves Lílian Valeriano
Published: June 2014

A cadeia produtiva da uva tem importância ímpar quanto à geração de renda e de emprego para diversas economias regionais. Todavia, nos últimos anos, o comércio internacional deste setor, assim como de todo o setor frutícola, tem enfrentado a imposição de diversas medidas não tarifárias, entre as quais, as sanitárias, fitossanitárias e técnicas. Assim, neste trabalho, são analisados os efeitos das normas sanitárias, fitossanitárias e técnicas impostas pelos países importadores de uva brasileira, no período de 1995 a 2009. Para este fim, foram feitas uma análise de inventário e uma abordagem econométrica, em que se fez uso do modelo gravitacional, com o objetivo de verificar o impacto de tais medidas na exportação de uva brasileira. Pelos resultados encontrados na análise de inventário, foi possível constatar relação positiva entre a evolução do número de notificações e a evolução das importações. Já pelo modelo econométrico, descartou-se a possibilidade de tais medidas terem afetado negativamente o comércio, tendo sido, no caso das medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias, encontrada uma relação positiva com as exportações de uvas, ou seja, essas medidas auxiliaram o comércio, e os efeitos das medidas técnicas sobre as exportações foram nulos.
Adoção de estratégias para redução de riscos: identificação dos determinantes da diversificação produtiva no Polo Petrolina-Juazeiro
Authors: Oliveira Filho Silvio Fernando Santana , Melo André de Souza , Xavier Leonardo Ferraz , Sobel Tiago Farias , Costa Ecio de Farias
Published: June 2014

O presente estudo caracteriza os produtores agrícolas do Polo Petrolina-Juazeiro segundo a adoção de estratégias de diversificação produtiva para mitigar diversos tipos de riscos. Para tanto, foram coletadas 173 observações e um modelo econométrico de logit ordenado foi aplicado para identificar os fatores que influenciam a probabilidade de o produtor diversificar sua produção. A estimação do modelo econométrico sugere que os principais fatores de influência da diversificação produtiva no polo são: porte do produtor (colono), experiência, participação da receita advinda de contratos, participação da receita advinda de atravessadores, culturas específicas (banana, coco, goiaba, manga e uva), participação em associação, acesso à assistência técnica, certificação, adoção de procedimentos pós-colheita e acesso à internet. A investigação acerca de referidas relações torna-se relevante para a formulação de políticas de incentivo à adoção de estratégias gerenciais de redução de riscos na região, atualmente preocupada com questões associadas à especialização das atividades e à vulnerabilidade dos produtores frente a choques de demanda.
Efeitos do Pronaf sobre a produção agrícola familiar dos municípios tocantinenses
Authors: Pereira Eder Lucinda , Nascimento Jean Santos
Published: June 2014

Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar a capacidade do Pronaf de contribuir para a redução do hiato entre o potencial produtivo e o produto efetivo da agropecuária tocantinense. Em termos metodológicos, além das análises descritivas, foram empregadas a regressão linear pela média e a regressão quantílica. A pesquisa concentrou-se no estado do Tocantins, abarcando todos os municípios (unidades de análise), no período de 2002 a 2009. Foram evidenciadas a importância relativa do setor agrícola para a economia tocantinense, a forte participação da agricultura familiar na produção total do setor e a significativa presença do Pronaf, que, para além de contribuir no processo de legitimação da agricultura familiar, como ressaltado em estudos anteriores, se mostrou capaz de estimular a produção vegetal e animal dos municípios estudados. Além disso, dadas as especificidades do Pronaf no Tocantins, em termos de cobertura e distribuição dos recursos, supõe-se que as constatações confiram ao programa características para também contribuir no processo de redução da desigualdade no estado. Entretanto, adverte-se que, embora o programa mereça a atenção dos formuladores de políticas, dada sua capacidade de estimular a produção agrícola municipal, deve-se concebê-lo como uma intervenção de caráter complementar, já que o trabalho familiar, como registrado na literatura, se mostrou decisivo no desempenho produtivo da agricultura familiar.
Determinantes da demanda brasileira por importação de arroz: uma abordagem não linear
Authors: Poerschke Rafael Pentiado , Morais Igor Alexandre Clemente de
Published: June 2014

O presente trabalho propõe o uso de modelos de correção de erros para avaliar o comportamento da função de demanda brasileira por arroz em casca e beneficiado entre janeiro de 1995 e junho de 2010. O objetivo geral é testar se os modelos não lineares conseguem representar as relações de curto e longo prazo na demanda. Em geral, os impactos de longo prazo da renda e preço doméstico foram os principais determinantes das importações, com evidências de que o arroz é um bem inferior. O preço de importação contribui menos que proporcionalmente, ao passo que o importador parece ajustar a quantidade importada do período com certo grau de defasagem. A dinâmica de correção do modelo a choques foi atenuada nas estimativas não lineares mensais, enquanto permaneceu praticamente estável nas estimativas trimestrais. Ainda conforme os resultados é possível afirmar que os ciclos de expansão das importações se mostraram fortemente relacionados a eventos climáticos adversos e às alterações da política comercial. Os resultados chamam a atenção para a influência do governo sobre a importação via incentivo tarifário com terceiros - o que se mostra útil para contornar períodos de escassez de oferta do produto no Brasil e no Mercosul.
Qualidade da madeira de cinco espécies de ocorrência no cerrado para produção de carvão vegetal
Authors: Costa Tattiane Gomes , Bianchi Maria Lúcia , Protásio Thiago de Paula , Trugilho Paulo Fernando , Pereira Ariclene Júnior
Published: June 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da madeira e do carvão vegetal de algumas espécies de ocorrência do cerrado mineiro visando o uso siderúrgico. Foram utilizadas cinco espécies de madeiras de ocorrência no cerrado procedentes do Estado de Minas Gerais. Na madeira foram avaliadas a densidade básica e os teores de lignina, extrativos totais, holocelulose e cinzas. No carvão vegetal foram avaliados os rendimentos em carvão vegetal e em carbono fixo, os teores de carbono fixo, materiais voláteis e cinzas, o poder calorífico superior e a densidade relativa aparente. Na avaliação do experimento utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Utilizou-se ainda a análise multivariada de componentes principais. As espécies Casearia sylvestris e Luehea divaricata apresentaram os maiores rendimentos gravimétricos em carvão vegetal e em carbono fixo, bem como elevados teores de lignina na madeira. O carvão vegetal da espécie Trema micrantha possui elevado poder calorífico superior, mas a menor densidade relativa aparente. A espécie Guazuma ulmifolia se destacou pelo elevado teor de carbono fixo e grande potencial para uso siderúrgico, juntamente com a espécie Casearia sylvestris.
Propriedades químicas de extratos tânicos da casca de Pinus oocarpa e avaliação de seu emprego como adesivo
Authors: Vieira Michel Cardoso , Lelis Roberto Carlos Costa , Rodrigues Nayara Dorigon
Published: June 2014

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar as propriedades de extratos aquosos obtidos da casca de Pinus oocarpa sob adição de sulfito de sódio e bissulfito de sódio e a possibilidade de emprego dos taninos da casca como adesivo para colagem de madeira. Para a casca de Pinus oocarpa, foram testadas oito formas de extração dos taninos. Após a avaliação das propriedades químicas dos extratos tânicos, optou-se por empregar a extração com água destilada sob adição de 5 % de sulfito de sódio para confecção do adesivo tanino-formaldeído. Adesivo Fenol-formaldeído e Uréia-formaldeído foram substituídos por 10% de tanino de Pinus oocarpa e o efeito dessa adição sobre a qualidade do adesivo foi avaliado. A adição de extrato tânico da casca de Pinus oocarpa mostrou que é possível utilizar tanino puro como adesivo, em razão de suas boas características de colagem. A adição do extrato tânico aos adesivos sintéticos contribuiu para o aumento nos valores de viscosidade. Dessa forma, a substituição de adesivos sintéticos por taninos é possível somente até 10%.