bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Design, Development, and Testing of a Virtual Reality Device for Upper Limb Training in People With Multiple Sclerosis: Single-Center Feasibility Study
Authors: Kalron Alon , Frid Lior , Fonkatz Iliya , Menascu Shay , Dolev Mark , Magalashvili David , Achiron Anat
Published: August 2022

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common nontraumatic, neurological, disabling disease that often presents with upper limb dysfunction. Exercise training has resulted in improvement for patients; however, there can be a lack of compliance due to access because of location and lack of MS experts. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising technology that can offer exercise therapy/rehabilitation at a distance. This type of remote training can be motivational and effective for patients with MS and can improve range of motion and muscle strength for those with upper limb dysfunction.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the XRHealth software and the Oculus Rift Station for patients with MS with upper limb motor dysfunction.

Methods

A single-center, prospective, feasibility study was conducted with patients with MS who had upper limb motor dysfunction. Patients participated in a single 45-minute digital environment session with VR and completed a questionnaire about the quality of the training and fatigability. The clinician also completed a questionnaire to evaluate the suitability and safety of the training.

Results

Overall, 30 patients were enrolled between the ages of 20 and 81 years. Patients reported that the training sessions within the digital environment were helpful, challenging, fun, and simple to understand, and that they would be willing to repeat the sessions again. The physical therapist that oversaw the patients reported that the training was suitable for 87% (n=26) of the patients. Anticipated adverse events were fatigue, temporary dizziness, and temporary nausea. The operator complications included that the cable of the head-mounted display interrupted the training (n=2, 7%) and fatigue that caused cessation of the VR training session (n=2, 7%). No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

These preliminary results demonstrated that the use of the XRHealth software and Oculus Rift Station platform is feasible, safe, and engaging for patients, and has the potential to improve the functionality of the upper limbs in patients with MS. This study provides support for future studies of implementing a series of training sessions with virtual reality in a home-based environment.
Identifying the Perceived Severity of Patient-Generated Telemedical Queries Regarding COVID: Developing and Evaluating a Transfer Learning–Based Solution
Authors: Gatto Joseph , Seegmiller Parker , Johnston Garrett , Preum Sarah Masud
Published: August 2022

Background

Triage of textual telemedical queries is a safety-critical task for medical service providers with limited remote health resources. The prioritization of patient queries containing medically severe text is necessary to optimize resource usage and provide care to those with time-sensitive needs.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of transfer learning solutions on the task of telemedical triage and provide a thorough error analysis, identifying telemedical queries that challenge state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) systems. Additionally, we aim to provide a publicly available telemedical query data set with labels for severity classification for telemedical triage of respiratory issues.

Methods

We annotated 573 medical queries from 3 online health platforms: HealthTap, HealthcareMagic, and iCliniq. We then evaluated 6 transfer learning solutions utilizing various text-embedding strategies. Specifically, we first established a baseline using a lexical classification model with term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) features. Next, we investigated the effectiveness of global vectors for text representation (GloVe), a pretrained word-embedding method. We evaluated the performance of GloVe embeddings in the context of support vector machines (SVMs), bidirectional long short-term memory (bi-LSTM) networks, and hierarchical attention networks (HANs). Finally, we evaluated the performance of contextual text embeddings using transformer-based architectures. Specifically, we evaluated bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT), Bio+Clinical-BERT, and Sentence-BERT (SBERT) on the telemedical triage task.

Results

We found that a simple lexical model achieved a mean F1 score of 0.865 (SD 0.048) on the telemedical triage task. GloVe-based models using SVMs, HANs, and bi-LSTMs achieved a 0.8-, 1.5-, and 2.1-point increase in the F1 score, respectively. Transformer-based models, such as BERT, Bio+Clinical-BERT, and SBERT, achieved a mean F1 score of 0.914 (SD 0.034), 0.904 (SD 0.041), and 0.917 (SD 0.037), respectively. The highest-performing model, SBERT, provided a statistically significant improvement compared to all GloVe-based and lexical baselines. However, no statistical significance was found when comparing transformer-based models. Furthermore, our error analysis revealed highly challenging query types, including those with complex negations, temporal relationships, and patient intents.

Conclusions

We showed that state-of-the-art transfer learning techniques work well on the telemedical triage task, providing significant performance increase over lexical models. Additionally, we released a public telemedical triage data set using labeled questions from online medical question-and-answer (Q&A) platforms. Our analysis highlights various avenues for future works that explicitly model such query challenges.
Decision Support Tools in Adult Long-term Care Facilities: Scoping Review
Authors: Lapp Linda , Egan Kieren , McCann Lisa , Mackenzie Moira , Wales Ann , Maguire Roma
Published: August 2022

Background

Digital innovations are yet to make real impacts in the care home sector despite the considerable potential of digital health approaches to help with continued staff shortages and to improve quality of care. To understand the current landscape of digital innovation in long-term care facilities such as nursing and care homes, it is important to find out which clinical decision support tools are currently used in long-term care facilities, what their purpose is, how they were developed, and what types of data they use.

Objective

The aim of this review was to analyze studies that evaluated clinical decision support tools in long-term care facilities based on the purpose and intended users of the tools, the evidence base used to develop the tools, how the tools are used and their effectiveness, and the types of data the tools use to contribute to the existing scientific evidence to inform a roadmap for digital innovation, specifically for clinical decision support tools, in long-term care facilities.

Methods

A review of the literature published between January 1, 2010, and July 21, 2021, was conducted, using key search terms in 3 scientific journal databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the British Nursing Index. Only studies evaluating clinical decision support tools in long-term care facilities were included in the review.

Results

In total, 17 papers were included in the final review. The clinical decision support tools described in these papers were evaluated for medication management, pressure ulcer prevention, dementia management, falls prevention, hospitalization, malnutrition prevention, urinary tract infection, and COVID-19 infection. In general, the included studies show that decision support tools can show improvements in delivery of care and in health outcomes.

Conclusions

Although the studies demonstrate the potential of positive impact of clinical decision support tools, there is variability in results, in part because of the diversity of types of decision support tools, users, and contexts as well as limited validation of the tools in use and in part because of the lack of clarity in defining the whole intervention.
Evaluation of a Web-Based Self-Help Intervention for Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Rubel Julian , Quest Jannis , Pruessner Luise , Timm Christina , Hartmann Steffen , Barnow Sven , Rittmeyer Lisa , Rosenbaum David , Lalk Christopher
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent and severely distressing condition that can lead to functional impairments and is considered one of the most difficult anxiety disorders to treat. Following new technological developments, a highly structured cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach that has already shown success in face-to-face psychotherapy can be implemented: internet-delivered CBT (iCBT). There is now evidence for the efficacy of both guided and unguided iCBT interventions for GAD regarding symptom reduction.

OBJECTIVE

To establish the usefulness of such interventions, we plan to evaluate the efficacy of a web-based self-help program (Selfapy) for GAD in a relatively large sample. We aim to assess effects beyond symptom reduction, including effects on well-being, functioning, and mental health literacy, as well as the effect on health care burden, while testing the intervention in conditions comparable to routine care.

METHODS

Patients (n=156) who have been diagnosed with GAD, are aged between 18 and 65 years, have internet access, and have sufficient German language skills will be recruited for this study. The intervention group (n=78) will receive access to the 12-week self-help web-based program Selfapy. The waitlist control group (n=78) will receive no intervention in the context of the study. However, both groups will be allowed to access further health care services (eg, psychotherapy, medication), reflecting current routine care in Germany. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline (T1) and 6 weeks (T2) and 12 weeks (T3) after the start of the intervention. The primary outcome will be generalized anxiety symptoms and quality of life at T3. Additional outcomes include depression, work capacity, therapy-related expenses and burdens, health literacy, and negative effects.

RESULTS

By May 2023, all participants had finished the trial and the report was being prepared for publication.

CONCLUSIONS

Web-based interventions may be an important addition to the German health care system to reduce barriers to treatment access. Further, they may prove cost-effective for the treatment of GAD.

CLINICALTRIAL

Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00023799; https://tinyurl.com/22bds38x

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/41440
Indigenous Food Systems Changes and Resiliency: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Monteith Hiliary , Hiscock Elizabeth Claire , Sadeghi Yasamin , Smith Emily V , Mashford-Pringle Angela
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Indigenous food systems (IFS) consider the complex relationships and connections between land, animals, plants, water, and people. These food systems may differ between regions, Indigenous cultures, and history; however, given the similar colonial histories and policies influencing Indigenous groups in Canada, the United States, Australia, and Aotearoa (New Zealand), the IFS changes and responses in these regions may follow similar trends. Climate change and pollution continue to impact the environment in catastrophic ways, and this, in turn, impacts IFS. However, to date, there has been no review of the literature on IFS, how they are changing, and how communities are responding to these changes.

OBJECTIVE

In this scoping review, we will summarize primary research in Canada, the United States, Australia, and Aotearoa related to IFS addressing the following questions: (1) What changes are IFS experiencing in the context of climate change and pollution? (2) What actions have been taken in response to IFS changes? (3) What are the characteristics of IFS research in peer-reviewed academic literature?

METHODS

We will use the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for scoping reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute reviewer’s manual to inform the review process. MEDLINE, SCOPUS, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Sociological Abstracts, and the Bibliography of Native North Americans are the databases included in this review search. All screening and extraction have been supported by Covidence software (Veritas Health Innovation) with 2 independent reviewers conducting the abstract and full-text screening. We will map concepts and themes related to the research questions to contribute to the understanding of IFS within the academic literature and provide a narrative review of the outcomes.

RESULTS

The electronic database searches for this review were conducted in May 2021. Screening and full-text review were initially completed in the winter of 2022. We are currently in the process of compiling results and aim to share findings in 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

This review will provide valuable insight into current IFS needs by summarizing the peer-reviewed literature on how IFS are changing because of climate change and pollution and how communities are responding to these changes. The results of this review will be shared with Indigenous communities, through academic publications, community conversations, and conference presentations.

CLINICALTRIAL

OSF Registries osf.io/xrj87; https://osf.io/xrj87

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/41627
Primary care challenges and strategies for treating chronic pain: Informing development of digital therapeutics (Preprint)
Authors: Ma Kris Pui Kwan , Stephens Kari A. , Geyer Rachel , Mollis Brenda L. , Zbikowski Susan M. , Waters Deanna , Masterson Jo , Zhang Ying
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital therapeutics have been increasingly used to improve behavioral healthcare but are underutilized in primary care settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study explored primary care providers’ challenges and strategies in chronic pain management to identify needs and practice gaps for future development of chronic pain-related digital therapeutics tailored to primary care settings.

METHODS

Using a human-centered design approach, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare providers (N = 11) recruited from four primary care clinics in Washington and Colorado between July and October 2021. Providers shared their goals and priorities in chronic pain management, experiences with challenges and strategies used to care for patients, and their perceptions of applying digital therapeutics in clinical practice. Transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

RESULTS

Our study found four themes related to provider needs: patient-provider alliance, team-based care, tracking and monitoring, and social determinants of health. Providers desired resources to improve chronic pain conversations, pain education and counseling, and goal setting with patients. Providers needed a greater accessibility to multidisciplinary care team consultations and non-pharmacological pain treatments. Healthcare system infrastructure was needed for providers to systematically track and monitor patients’ pain and provide wraparound health and social services for underserved patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Leveraging digital therapeutics in a feasible, appropriate and acceptable way to aid primary care providers in chronic pain management may require multimodal features that address provider needs at an individual care and clinic/system level.
Antropología y acción pública. Un estudio sobre políticas públicas y pluralismo cultural en el gobierno local chiapaneco
Authors:   PROIMMSE-UNAM, Rodríguez Castillo Luis
Published: August 2022

A través de este análisis el autor propone generar un campo de estudio que ha denominado Antropología de la acción pública, con el objetivo de integrar a la indagación científica de las políticas públicas este vasto campo de factores de signos y símbolos, ambos conscientes e inconscientes, que transmiten conocimientos e información, portan valoraciones y dictan normas, suscitan emociones y sentimientos, y expresan ilusiones y utopías, que el profesor Roberto Varela agrupara bajo el concepto de cultura.
The Effects of Career Barrier and Career Stress on Career Preparation Behavior of Female College Students: Mediation Effects of Career Resilience
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Min-Jeong , Uhm Jin
Published: August 2022

Objectives This study examined the effect of Career Barrier and Career Stress on the Career Preparation Behavior of Female College Students on Mediation Effects of Career Resilience.
Methods For these purposes, 380 female college students were selected as the subjects of this study to conduct a self-written online survey, and frequency analysis, technical statistical analysis, and correlation analysis were conducted to understand the general matters of the study. To verify that career barrier, career stress, career preparation behavior, and career resilience showed significant differences, an independent sample t-test and a One-way ANOVA were conducted, and Schefft’s post-test was conducted for variables showing significant differences. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to verify the mediating effect of career resilience on the path in which career barriers and career stress affect career preparation behavior.
Results The major results are as follows. First, it was found that career barriers of female college students had a significant negative (-) effect on career preparation behavior. Second, it was found that female college students career stress had a significant negative (-) effect on career preparation behavior. Third, it was found that career resilience played a partial mediating role in the relationship between career barriers and career preparation behavior of female college students. Fourth, it was found that career resilience played a partial mediating role in the relationship between career stress and career preparation behavior of female college students.
Conclusions Furthermore, the Career Barrier and Career Stress extend to the related research by checking the mediated effects of career resilience in the path of predicting Career Preparation Behavior. The relevance of the current findings in terms of establishing appropriate intervention strategies for career counseling clients was discussed and the limitations of the current study and suggestions for future studies are also included.
A Case Study on the Application of a German Whole-Institution: Implication for Transition of Sustainable General Education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Oh Hyerim
Published: August 2022

Objectives This article explores a German university case that integrates the principles and values of sustainable development principles into all aspects of the German higher education system. The study sets out to provide practical implications for the development strategies from a sustainable development perspective to support general education in South Korea.
Methods This paper gives an overview of the higher education system for implementation while the significance of this study lie in the practice and possibilities of general education. Theses are examined to probe how Germany adapts and applies a whole-institution approach to embed the value of sustainable development. A German university case of adapting the whole-institutional approach towards sustainability is then provided. Priority action areas are reviewed for the analysis of sustainable development in action through the approach to Education for Sustainable Development in the illustrative case.
Results The characteristics of the German higher education system that realizes the value of sustainable development are as follows. A concept of sustainable development builds upon the global framework for implementation of sustainable development such as the Global Action Programme on Education for Sustainable Development(ESD): Towards achieving the Sustainable Developing Goals(SDG). A joint research project funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF) is to establish guidelines for higher education for sustainable development. Based on the guideline each university develops a common concept of sustainability and transformative action program that promote the whole-institution approach.
Conclusions Main findings of this research provide insights for general higher education in South Korea. This approach will prove useful in expanding our understanding of how apply to the whole-institution approach to general education in South Korea.
Structural analysis on the effect of learner-centered classes on creative thinking and self-management competencies of high school students through learning motivation and school happiness
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Shin Yunbeom , Lee Jahyeong , Won Hyoheon
Published: August 2022

Objectives In this study, the structural relationship between the factors of learner-centered classes on creative thinking and self-management competencies through learning motivation and school happiness was compared and analyzed, focusing on the application of the 2015 revised curriculum and before and after COVID-19.
Methods To this end, structural equation model analysis and difference analysis were conducted on high school student data in the 1st, 4th, and 5th years of the BELS(Busan Education Longitudinal Study), and mediating path analysis using phantom variables was conducted to verify the two parameter paths, respectively.
Results First, as a result of analyzing the differences before and after the application of the 2015 revised curriculum, high school students (2019) showed a statistically significant increase in all variables compared to high school students (2016) before the application. In the pre- and post-COVID-19 analysis, it was confirmed that self-management competency increased and learner-centered classes decreased after COVID (2020 high school 2) compared to before COVID (2019 high school 1), and no significant difference was found in the remaining variables. Next, as a result of verifying the mediating path of the research model, learning motivation and school happiness in learner-centered classes and creative thinking competencies were found to have complete mediating effects in all years, and partial mediating effects in learner-centered classes and self-management competencies. In particular, after COVID-19, the influence of all mediated routes decreased significantly compared to before COVID-19.
Conclusions Based on the results of the study, it was possible to confirm the influence of the 2015 revised curriculum and COVID-19, the importance of learning motivation and school happiness in the high school field.
Big data analysis on core competency-based university education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Keon-Woo , Choi Seung-Yeon
Published: August 2022

Objectives This study attempted to examine the social discourse on core competency-based university education through network analysis of big data.
Methods For this purpose, Textom, a big data analysis analysis solution, was used. First, data were collected from the web with keywords ‘university’ + ‘core competency’, and analysis was conducted using UCINET, a network analysis program. For the collected data, 100 key keywords were selected based on the frequency of extracted words through the first and second refining processes, and a 1-mode matrix was created and then network analysis and Concor analysis was performed.
Results as a Results First, as a result of frequency analysis, keywords such as ‘core competency’, ‘university’, ‘research’, ‘student’, and ‘education’ showed a high frequency of appearance. Second, as a result of centrality analysis, the keywords for which centrality increased rapidly were ‘scholarship application’, ‘program’, and ‘reinforcement’. Third, as a result of Concor analysis, 4 clusters were formed, and 2 large and small clusters were formed each.
Conclusions The core competency-based university education revealed in the big data network is leading to social discourse in terms of the development and role of the university, the diagnosis and evaluation of the university, the scholarship system, and change and response. It has meaning in providing directions and implications for growth and development.
Effect of Critical Thinking Disposition and Nursing Work Environment on Nursing Performance in Clinical Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Communication Competence
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Mi Jung
Published: August 2022

Objectives This study aims to explore the mediating effect of communication competence in the relationship between clinical thinking disposition and nursing work environment on the nursing performance of clinical nurses.
Methods The data were collected from December 1st to December 20th, 2021, using questionnaires administered to 188 nurses working in a general hospital in J province and G city. Then, they were analyzed using the SPSS/23.0 program with descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and the Sobel test.
Results The results of the study are as follows. First, there were significant positive relationships for clinical thinking disposition(r=.66, p<.001) and nursing work environment(r=.45, p<.001), and communication competence(r=.72, p<.001) with nursing performance. Second, communication competence mediated the relationship between clinical thinking disposition and nursing performance(z=6.584, p<.001). Third, communication competence mediated the relationship between the nursing work environment and nursing performance(z=5.822, p<.001).
Conclusions The results suggest that to improve nursing performance, it is necessary to consider the critical thinking disposition, the creation of a nursing work environment that nurses can perceive positively, and the improvement of communication competence.
الصراع الداخلي في القصة "المناضلة" لمحمد الخير حامد
Authors: Zulhelmi Anshar , Rizkia Maulida
Published: August 2022

الصراع الداخلي يتحدث عن النفس ذاته عندما يتزعزع. وقع الصراع في قلوب البشرية، والغضب فيصمت، كلها تأثر البيئة وغيرها. هذه القصة تقص عن شخص الذي مملوء بالحزن والخشى بما حدث على بلدها حتى تموت كل أهلها وتركهابنفس وتجتهد على الأرض الفليسطين. وهذا هو من دوافع التى تدفع للإختار هذه القصة كموضوع البحث. أما منهج البحث لهذا البحث فهو المنهج الوصفي التحليلي باستخدام نظرية السيكولوجية أدبية. وطريقة جمع المعلومات والبيانات التي تحتاج إليها فتعتمد الباحثة على طريقة البحث المكتبي يعنى جمع المعلومات بالإطلاع على الكتب العلمية المختلفة المتعلقة بالمشكلة المحبوثة من الكتب الأدبية والمقالات مما تتعلق بالموضوع. هذه القصة تؤخذ من كتاب لعنة الساعة التاسعة، تقص عن الامرأة إسمها فاطمة. كانت حزينة بسبب المشاكل المختلفة التي تواجهها، والامتحانات الصعبة، وحاولت أن تخفي تلك المشاكل من جميع صديقاتها ووالدتها لكن فشلت. تصورت في وجهها صورة الحزن، الخشية بما حدثت يعنى على هجوم جنود إسرائيلين على بلدهم، وكذلك شهد حبيبها فى ذلك الهجوم.
Sisa Kehidupan Prasejarah Masa Kini Studi Tradisi dan Budaya di Beberapa Wilayah Nusantara (Kajian Literatur)
Authors: Mannan Nuraini
Published: August 2022

The prehistoric period has ended formally in Indonesia with the discovery of the first writings from around the 4-5th century AD, in many places in Indonesia there are still visible signs of the persistence of prehistoric traditions far into the historical period to the present. Ethnographic sources that describe the lives of several isolated tribes which are somewhat isolated from the pace of the modernization process in this country, contain indications that prehistoric elements still exist in the lives of these communities. Some of these elements that settle in some aspects of socio-economic life and beliefs can be returned to their origins in the farming period. The most prominent among the remnants of that life is the tradition of worshiping ancestors both embodied in megalithic buildings as well as those conceived in the mind, although several religious conceptions such as Hindu-Buddhist, Islam and Christianity in layers form the mind. Indonesian spirituality. The research method used in this paper is a literature study, some related literature according to the context is included in this paper. The purpose of the study is to describe the remnants of prehistoric life in several regions in Indonesia to the present.
La salud global y el gobierno, primer reto de la humanidad
Authors: González Salas Edgar Alfonso
Published: August 2022

La emergencia conceptual de una sola salud y la salud global indica la complejidad de la salud humana y los procesos de salud enfermedad, las interfaces con otros sistemas no humanos y con los microorganismos. La transformación en la composición de la salud global en las últimas décadas resalta la importancia de los avances científicos y de sus aplicaciones, con lo cual las Enfermedades No Transmisibles ocupan las principales causas de morbilidad y morbimortalidad, aunque también la ocurrencia de nuevas amenazas y problemas. Las Enfermedades Transmisibles han perdido importancia relativa, pero no absoluta. Los aspectos sociales son transversales a la salud humana, tienen un especial poder explicativo del proceso salud enfermedad y la forma como se distribuye la salud-enfermedad, e inciden en ella, por ende, de manera significativa. La emergencia de microorganismos infecciosos y el riesgo de las pandemias a ellos asociados es una amenaza letal, agravada por las malas prácticas en el uso de antibióticos tanto en animal como humano. Los desequilibrios ambientales están generando una nueva fuente de problemas de salud, planteando retos en el entendimiento y políticas públicas de cara a las interfaces entre humanos, flora, animales, vectores y microorganismos. El Estado y su enfoque de acción sobre las problemáticas de salud denota la existencia de diferentes Sistemas sanitarios, frente a los cuales se enfrentan problemas y soluciones de diverso orden en términos de cobertura, acceso, oportunidad, métricas, calidad, visión global y acción nacional, regional y local, multifactorialidad e intersectorialidad en la determinación de la salud, construcción de institucionalidad acorde a las áreas funcionales requeridas en el Sistema Sanitario; participación y empoderamiento social, familiar e individual frente a la salud, entre otros. De todo ello, resulta la necesidad de fortalecer la investigación e innovación con un fuerte liderazgo público, en diversos campos de acción y también de entendimiento de la Salud Global y los Sistemas sanitarios. Debe resaltarse el papel de los Gobiernos en la estructuración y gestión de los Sistemas sanitarios. El papel de actores no estatales es fundamental, pero es incompleto y genera fuertes externalidades, sin el liderazgo, la intervención activa y la capacidad integradora del Estado. Construir sistemas sanitarios eficaces es el desafío. La evidencia muestra ejemplos fundamentales, basados en simplicidad institucional, financiación adecuada y priorización social y política de la acción colectiva en la resolución de los problemas de salud.
Fenomenología de la gobernanza pública
Authors: Aguilar Villanueva Luis Fernando
Published: August 2022

La fenomenología es entendida como la descripción reflexiva de realidades y hechos experimentados sin asumir los conceptos y las teorías explicativas establecidas, y en este artículo, se describen las propiedades distintivas, los problemas y los principios de la gobernanza pública en relación con este concepto. La gobernanza es descrita como una acción intencional, causal, social, contextual, estratégica, gerencial, compleja en su composición, estructurada por las normas del Estado y por los conocimientos del sistema social, que sustentan su legitimidad y efectividad. Los principios de la gobernanza pública son los valores del ordenamiento normativo del Estado y los conceptos y enunciados causales del sistema de conocimiento de la sociedad. Sus problemas principales son las irregularidades normativas, los errores de análisis y cálculo, la baja credibilidad del discurso del gobernante y la desconfianza social en su capacidad directiva y gerencial. La nueva gobernanza pública, es colaborativa, en modo intergubernamental y gubernamental- social y ofrece mejores condiciones para controlar las fallas institucionales y los errores directivos gubernamentales y produce sociedades con bienestar común e incluyente.
La corrupción en Colombia
Authors: De La Hoz Mercado Javier Enrique
Published: August 2022

La corrupción abre brechas en la gestión de la administración, colocando en entredicho su eficiencia y su efectividad, por ser un limitante en la función pública y la convierte en disfuncional e ineficaz a la hora de darle solución a la problemática en este sector. Es por ello que consideramos abordar la corrupción en Colombia desde la perspectiva económica y social; abordada desde una metodología descriptiva, buscando describir las características de la corrupción para así comprenderla como fenómeno y su persistencia, además de determinar sus posibles causas y efectos. Se concluyó entonces, que la corrupción tiene impacto tanto en la agenda política, como la Administración Pública, la sociedad en general y en la deontología del servidor público, desde la responsabilidad que ejerce ante la sociedad en la satisfacción de sus necesidades.
Feminización de la pobreza y flujos migratorios en Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Álvarez William Andrés
Published: August 2022

Este artículo propone reflexiones sobre los flujos migratorios y su relación con la trata de mujeres, la marginación social y el proceso de feminización de la pobreza en la nueva escena migratoria de la Colombia contemporánea. En este sentido, el debate actual problematiza la comprensión de que, bajo el capitalismo, los cuerpos de las mujeres se transforman en mercancías que se pueden comprar y vender. En estas circunstancias, no es difícil identificar situaciones en las que los migrantes, especialmente las mujeres, están sujetas a las más diversas opresiones, especialmente cuando la coherción de la libertad se potencializa en situaciones de violencia y explotación en el contexto de las crisis cíclicas del capitalismo. La metodología empleada aquí es de enfoque cualitativo, con base en un extenso trabajo de campo y el uso de la etnografía reflexiva exponemos a modo de conclusión la forma en la que la migración forzada precariza la condición laboral de las mujeres en Colombia.
Evaluación exógena de la capacidad institucional en tiempo de crisis (COVID-19): resiliencia gubernamental local
Authors: Sierra Hernández Jeammy Julieth
Published: August 2022

Pese al amplio corpus de capacidad institucional (CI), en la evaluación de esta pasa desapercibida la perspectiva de sectores impactados por el déficit o no de la CI, especialmente en momentos de crisis económica como la ocasionada por la Covid-19, donde la gobernanza multinivel fue determinante para menguar efectos de la pandemia. Así, con un instrumento complementario a los formularios de evaluación de CI, este trabajo evaluó exógenamente desde el sector económico y productivo en el Departamento del Tolima (Colombia) la percepción de la CI de los gobiernos subnacionales para enfrentar la problemática económica ocasionada por la COVID-19, para ello, se adaptaron cinco (5) factores en el instrumento. Se probó la validez de contenido mediante el juicio de expertos, y la validez de constructo a través del análisis factorial exploratorio. Se tiene buena validez de contenido (CVC = 0,82) y consistencia interna (coeficiente alfa de Cronbach 0,921). Se identificó en la percepción de la CI que la dimensión relaciones y corresponsabilidad intergubernamentales aporta un 41.62 % a la varianza explicada. Así, cuando se evalúe la CI, tal dimensión amerita una ponderación superior a las otras cuatro; y es que los desajustes en las relaciones intergubernamentales, en especial por la forma cómo se distribuyen funciones, fueron determinantes en la efectividad de las políticas, en la medida que permitió obtener beneficios que se suponían debían lograrse en medio de la pandemia.
The statistical analysis for Sombor indices in a randompolygonal chain networks
Authors: Liu Jia-bao , Zheng Ya-Qian , Peng Xin-Bei
Published: August 2022

The Sombor indices, a new category of degree-based topological molecular
descriptors, havebeen widely investigated due to their excellent
chemical applicability. This paper aims to establishSombor indices
distributions in random polygonal chain networks and to achieve
expressions of theexpected values and variances. The expected values and
variances of the Sombor indices for polyonino,pentachain, polyphenyl,
and cyclooctane chains are obtained. Since the end connection of a
randomchain network follows a binomial distribution, the Sombor indices
of any chain network follow the normaldistribution when the number of
polygons connected by the chain, indicated by n, approaches infinity.
Models and molecular mechanisms for trade-offs in the context of metabolism
Authors: Hashemi Seirana , Laitinen Roosa , Nikoloski Zoran
Published: August 2022

Accumulating evidence for trade-offs involving metabolic traits has
demonstrated their importance in evolution of organisms. Metabolic
models with different level of complexity have already been considered
when investigating mechanisms that explain various metabolic trade-offs.
Here we provide a systematic review of modelling approaches that have
been used to study and explain trade-offs between: (i) kinetic
properties of individual enzymes, (ii) rates of metabolic reactions,
(iii) rate and yield of metabolic pathways and networks, (iv) different
metabolic objectives in single organisms and in metabolic communities,
and (v) metabolic concentrations. In providing insights into mechanisms
underlying these five types of metabolic trade-offs obtained from
constraint-based metabolic modelling, we emphasize the relation of
metabolic trade-offs to the classical black box Y-model that provides
conceptual explanation for resource acquisition-allocation trade-offs.
In addition, we identify several pressing concerns and offer a
perspective for future research in the identification and manipulation
of metabolic trade-offs by relying on the toolbox provided by
constraint-based metabolic modelling for single organisms and microbial
communities.
Bridging Worlds to Lead: A conceptual review with stakeholder consultation to create the LEADS+ Development Model
Authors: Ramelli Sandra , Lal Sarrah , Sherbino Jonathan , Dickson Graham , Chan Teresa
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Healthcare leadership within academic health centres
is increasingly complex. To handle this increasing complexity, we need
models to support emerging and practicing leaders within health
systems. Method: Through stakeholder consultation this
conceptual review sought to examine leadership constructs and how they
intersect with current leadership practices in academic health centres.
The goal was to develop a new model of healthcare leadership
development. The authors used sequential iterative cycles of divergent
and convergent thinking approaches to explore and synthesize various
literature vantage points. Approaches used simulated personas and
stories to test the model. Finally, the approach sought feedback from
stakeholders (including healthcare leaders, medical educators,
leadership developers) to offer refinements. Results: After
five rounds of discussion and reformulation, the authors arrived at a
new model for leadership development: theLEADS+ Development Model
. During their stakeholder consultation stage, they garnered feedback
from 29 out of 65 recruited individuals (44.6% response rate). More
than a quarter of respondents served as a senior leader in a healthcare
network or national society (27.5%, n=8). During the stakeholder
consultation stage, participants were invited to indicate their
endorsement for the new model using a 10-point scale (10=highest level
of endorsement). There was a high level of endorsement: 7.93 (SD 1.7)
out of 10. Conclusion: The LEADS+ Development Model is a
new model to foster leadership development in academic health
centers. In addition to describing leadership development
trajectories, this model describes the various leadership and
followership paradigms adopted by leaders within health systems.
Towards Developing a 4-Level Authentication Method for Securing ATM Cards
Authors:   Department of Computer Science  Adeleke University Ede, Osun State, Nigeria. E-mails: 1onamadeakintoye@adelekeuniversity.edu.ng,  2bambibunmijanet@gmail.com 3ifejenyo@adelekeuniversity.edu.ng Contacts: +234 703 066 78931, +234 806 718 38572, +234 806 005 08633, Onamade Akintoye Abraham , Bambi Bunmi Janet , Jenyo Ifeoluwa
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the rapid development of information and communication engineering has affected every aspect of human life. As a result, the manner in which banking activities are conducted has also changed. ATM cards have made banking easier worldwide; funds are easily accessed, transferred, and withdrawn without hindrances. The advancement in modern technology paved the way for the rapid increase in ATM card usage, which is directly proportional to the rate of fraud attached to it. Presently, ATM cards are seriously having security challenges, in the sense that it is only being secured by four digits ATM pin, which can be easily guessed by fraudsters. This paper discusses the current security issues faced by the users of ATM cards. It also proposes a 4-level authentication method that is solely on the use of ATM cards on POS terminals and Automated Teller Machines. In contrast, the online usage of ATM cards is being excluded. It is believed that if these levels of authentication are strictly adhered to, there will be a significant reduction in ATM cards fraud. Keywords: Automated Teller Machine, Fraud, ATM Cards, Security CISDI Journal Reference Format Onamade, A.A., Bambi, B.J. & Jenyo, I. (2022): Towards Developing a 4-Level Authentication Method for Securing ATM Cards. Computing, Information Systems, Development Informatics & Allied Research Journal. Vol 13 No 2, Pp 11-.14. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CISDI/V13N2P2. Available online at www.isteams.net/cisdijournal
ATM Model for a Trusted Third Party System (TTPs)
Authors:   Department of Computer Science,  Adeleke University Ede, Osun State, Nigeria., Onamade Akintoye Abraham , Adediran Abiodun Adedayo , Adepegba Oluwafunmilola Aderannibi
Published: August 2022

The history of banking transaction has been with the use of cheque books, which direct the bank to pay or transfer specific amount to the bearer – third party on behalf of account owner. Identity card (ID) is the means of authentication and the third party is asked to append his or her signature and address on the back of the cheque for the bank to grant the request. Therefore, human beings cannot do without the help of third party, for their daily activities as nature can call for such service at any time. Even today, may be as a result of sickness, people do give their ATM card and PIN to third party to withdraw money on their behalf. The negative effect of involving third party to withdraw money with an ATM card on behalf of an account owner is at alarming rate. This action to say the least is prone to many security risks which must be avoided at all costs. Therefore, a system is designed in this study to recognize the use of third party in an ATM bank transaction in order to alleviate the negative effect of using the third party. An algorithm was designed for third party ATM transaction using Bracket IDE and Xampp as programming tools. The developed system, allows a trusted third party to have access to ATM card and to withdraw money on behalf of an account owner. The account owner initiates the process through the platform created in this study by registering the third party details and the transaction to be carried out on behalf of an account owner. The system generates an OTP that allows the third party to perform a restricted transaction on behalf of the account owner. The amount to be withdrawn is embedded in the OTP generated for the third party, such that there is no checking of account balance, no withdrawal of an amount less or above amount specified in the OTP, and no money transfer. Therefore, since the system allows restricted transactions to be performed by the third party, it becomes very difficult for third party to use the privilege of performing ATM transaction against the account owner. Keywords: ATM, One Time Password (OTP), Trusted Third Party (TTP), Third Party
Struggles for just conservation: an analysis of India's biodiversity conservation conflicts
Authors: Fanari Eleonora
Published: August 2022

The protection of the Earth's remaining biodiversity continues to be a debate of global importance as well as a source of contestation. In this context, the Indian government started with its post-colonial forest conservation from the 1970s, by ushering in the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972. It has since reinforced its conservation policies, over the last 15 years giving particular focus to the protection of tigers, considered a keystone and endangered species. In 2004, a Tiger Task Force was set up to protect the tiger, followed by the establishment of protected habitats for tiger conservation, which in turn reinforced the idea of a human-wildlife binary and legitimized the control of these spaces through armed policing. These changes in environmental governance have altered the relationship between local communities and forest guards, in many cases aggravating already conflictual interactions. This article discusses the political ecology of emerging conflicts around protected areas (national parks, tiger reserves and wildlife sanctuaries) in India through an analysis of 26 conflicts documented in the Environmental Justice Atlas (EJAtlas), and informed by field research conducted within and around protected areas of India. Specifically, the article analyzes the interplay between conservation policies and the rights of the commons recognized under the Forest Rights Act, 2006, as well as the socio-economic impacts of conservation policies in terms of dispossession, violence and the increase of "green militarization." The article also highlights the social resistance movements developed against these trends, which are framed as part of the growing environmental justice movement. The article concludes with how this struggle may be essential to achieving an ecologically sustainable society in the future and to shape a new conservation model.