bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current State and Prospects of Development of the Fuel and Energy Complex of France
Authors: Sekacheva A. B.
Published: February 2021

This article examines the current state and features of the functioning of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) in France and its development prospects for the period up to 2050 as well. The author paid particular attention to the issues of nuclear power in this country and the possibility of replacing it with alternative sources in the medium and long term. The point of ensuring energy security in the use of nuclear power plants, which is solved thanks to effective state regulation of this industry, is considered. Separately, the author presented the analyses of energy problems of France in the interaction with the supranational structures of the European Union and considered the participation of this country in the development of a common energy policy for the integration. The author determined the advantages of the French fuel and energy sector in comparison with other EU member states. The results of the study substantiated conclusions about the prospects for further development in the context of the transition to a low-carbon economy. These prospects the author outlined in the country’s national carbon reduction strategy and long-Term energy program. Currently, achieving the targets set out in these documents is a difficult task, hence the inconsistency that is evident in the state energy policy. It is primarily due to the future of nuclear energy, which France has disagreed with the EU leadership and leading member States.
Analysis of the Role of Institutions and Technologies in Economic Growth of the Late USSR in a Cross-Country Comparison
Authors: Didenko D. V. , Grineva N. V.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study aimed at defining the role of institutional and technological dynamics in the economic growth of the late USSR in comparison with reference countries. We propose a modification of the production function, similar to the exogenous growth model by Mankiw, Romer, Weil (1992) with physical and human capital, by augmenting it with variables for institutional and general technological components. We present our new estimates of the effects of an increase in physical and human capital in the late Soviet economy. Also, we obtain statistical assessments of the negative contribution of the decrease in the technological level of the industrial economy of the USSR. We partially confirm the hypothesis about the deterioration of the institutional environment in the USSR. But its negative contribution was not more decisive and more significant than in other countries. Thus, the idea of the doom of the Soviet economy, due to the substantial flaws of its institutions, was not confirmed. Finally, we discuss the prospective lines of further exploration into the issues under study.
Frecuencia de linfomas en un hospital general
Authors: Hidalgo Galo
Published: February 2021

En una revisión de la casuística de neoplasias malignas estudiadas en el Hospital General “Eugenio Espejo”, en la década de 1958-1967, se encontró 893 casos de un total de 65,000 ingresos. El primer lugar ocupó el cáncer uterino con el 34% y el segundo correspondió a los linfomas con 9,4% (83 casos). El 75% de los linfomas tuvieron una localización ganglionar y el 57,4% de éstos, a nivel cervical. Dentro de la clasificación histológica, casi el total de linfomas fueron del tipo manomorfo (retículosarcoma, sarcoma linfocítico y linfoblástico).

El mayor número de linfomas correspondió al sexo masculino, en la proporción de 3 a 2, con respecto al femenino.
Respuesta hematológica al cambio de altitud en pacientes con anemia anquilostomiasica
Authors: Loayza Oswaldo , Flores Eduardo , Jimenez Edison , Carbo Gonzalo
Published: February 2021

En 15 pacientes con diagnostico anemia ferropriva anquilostomiásica se hicieron determinaciones de: hematocrito, hemoglobina, reticulocitos, volemias, eritro y ferroquinesis, tiempo medio de la vida eritrocitaria en su lugar de origen (Santo Domingo de los Colorados) altitud 1,200 m. y luego de su traslado a Quito (altitud 2,850 m.)

Se observó, en general, un incremento de:hemoglobina, hematocrito reticulocitos, volúmenes sanguíneo y globular, ferremia y hierro plasmático, tiempo medio de desaparición de Fe 59 plasmático, recambio de hierro plasmático y globular; la vida media eritrocitaria permaneció inalterada.

Estas variaciones aunque fueron constantes, el valor de su significación estadística fue mayor al 10%.

Luego del tratamiento se observó una tendencia a la normalización de los parámetros estudiados.

De lo estudiado puede concluirse:

Los valores de los diferentes parámetros en este tipo de pacientes, son semejantes a los encontrados por otros autores.

El incremento de hemoglobina es semejante a lo reportado para individuos normales expuestos a una mayor altura.

Los pacientes con valores de hemoglobina iniciales entre 5 y 9. %, son los que mostraron mayor incremento de hemoglobulina, hematocrito y volumen globular.

Pacientes con valores por sobre y debajo de estas cifras no experimentaron mayores variaciones.
Urban Air Quality Guidance Based on Measures Categorization in Road Transport
Authors: Angelevska Beti , Atanasova Vaska , Andreevski Igor
Published: February 2021

Air pollution is a cause for serious concerns in urban areas in Republic of North Macedonia. Intensive development of road transport increases the main air pollutants’ concentrations - particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide, whose monitored values are continuously exceeding the limit. The main disadvantage of the national plans and annual reports is the absence of comprehensive and categorized list of reduction/mitigation measures for road transport impacts on air quality. Analyzing the current air pollution problem and road transport contribution this paper provides the needed and detailed categorization of short-to-long term reduction/mitigation measures consisting of five subcategories. Based on measure categorization, a guiding frame for urban air quality is designed, intended for further support and assistance for local authorities in the process of air pollution control. Designed with integrated activities, the air quality guidance enables them to select suitable measures to manage road transport pollution and to evaluate their effects estimating the changes in air pollution levels. Hence, the guidance can be used for thorough planning of air quality issues caused by road transport and for policy making. Contributing for urban air quality improvement the guidance is a first step towards the implementation of air pollution management in urban areas. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091651 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Masonry Infill Walls with Openings on Nonlinear Response of Steel Frames
Authors: Rahem Athmane , Djarir Yahiaoui , Noureddineb Lahbari , Tayeb Bouzid
Published: February 2021

The infill walls are usually considered as nonstructural elements and, thus, are not taken into account in analytical models. However, numerous researches have shown that they can significantly affect the seismic response of the structures. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of masonry infill on the damage response of steel frame without and with various types of openings systems subjected to nonlinear static analysis and nonlinear time history analysis. For the purposes of the above investigation, a comprehensive assessment is conducted using twelve typical types of steel frame without masonry, with full masonry and with different heights and widths of openings. The results revealed that the influence of the successive earthquake phenomenon on the structural damage is larger for the infill buildings compared to the bare structures. Furthermore, when buildings with masonry infill are analyzed for seismic sequences, it is of great importance to account for the orientation of the seismic motion. The nonlinear static response indicated that the opening area has an influence on the maximal strength, the ductility and the initial rigidity of these frames. But the shape of the opening will not influence the global behavior. Then, the nonlinear time history analysis indicates that the global displacement is greatly decreased and even the behavior of the curve is affected by the earthquake intensity when opening is considered. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091653 Full Text: PDF
CONTEMPORARY LANDSCAPE IN TRADITIONAL GOND ART
Authors: Panwar Apeksha , Rani Archana
Published: February 2021

English: Indian Folk art mainly depicts social and cultural aspects of trible society. Gond Painting is developed by Gond Community which is a large trible community in India and hence named after the same. “This art is quite famous in central India.

Traditionally Gond Art were painted on walls and floors during weddings and on auspicious occasions. With time the art witnessed developments and now it is seen on textile, canvas, clothes, articles and valuable artifacts. Last decade witnessed a boom in the popularity of Gond Art. Jangan Singh Shyam who is called the father of Gond Art is one such artist who introduced Gond art at world platform. The presented research paper highlights the initial and contemporary changes which were introduced by Jangan Singh and his descendants Mayank Shyam (Son) and Japani Shyam (Daughter) and famous gond artist Vanket Raman Singh Shyam in their Gond Paintings under the effects of the surroundings with Time.

 

Hindi: भारतीय लोक कलाएँ मुख्यतः आदिवासी समाज के सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक स्वरूप को दर्शाती है। गोंड चित्रकला भारत के विशाल जनजातीय गोंड समुदाय द्वारा विकसित की गयी है। अतः इस कला को यह नाम गोंड जनजाति से मिला। यह कला मध्य भारत की एक विख्यात कला है। अपने परम्परागत रूप में गोंड चित्र दीवारों और धरातल पर शादी-विवाह और अन्य शुभ अवसरों पर सृजित किये जाते थे। अब समय के साथ उनके माध्यम में परिवर्तन दिखाई देने लगा और ये कैनवास, पेपर, कपड़े, उपयोगी एवं सजावटी वस्तुओं पर भी बनायी जाने लगी है। पिछले एक दशक में इस कला को अत्यधिक प्रसिद्धि प्राप्त हुई है। गोंड कला के पितामह कहे जाने वाले जनगण सिंह श्याम एक ऐसे पहले कलाकार है जिन्होनेगोंड कला को विश्व स्तर पर परिचित कराया। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में गोंड कला के प्रणेता श्री जनगण सिंह श्याम और उनकी कला की संरक्षक पीढी पुत्र मयंक श्याम व पुत्री जापानी श्याम तथा प्रसिद्ध चित्रकार वेंकेटरमन  सिंह श्याम के चित्रों में पारम्परिक और समसामयिक परिवेश के अनुरूप आये बदलाव के संदर्भ से प्रस्तुत करने का प्रयास किया है।
S onu stranu okrutnosti. Opasni prijatelj zastrašujuće psihoanalize
Authors: Vlaisavljević Ugo
Published: February 2021

U ovom radu predlažemo izvjesno ‘čitanje izbliza’ izlaganja koje je Jacques Derrida imao na međunarodnom skupu psihoanalitičara, koji je pod naslovom Les États généraux de Psychanalyse održan u srpnju 2000. godine. Slaveći stogodišnjicu objave Freudova Tumačenja snova, ovaj reprezentativni skup upriličen je pod okriljem ‘političke metafore’ sugerirane njegovim povijesno bremenitim naslovom i datumima održavanja. U Derridainu obraćanju metafora revolucije bila je mnogo više nego tek blještavi amblem skupa koji izražava volju organizatora da se naglasi revolucionarni karakter Freudova ‘izuma’ ili da se pobudi entuzijazam sudionika za rješavanje aktualne krize njihove profesije po uzoru na Opće staleže iz 1789. godine. Tek je u svome kasnom radu, a posebice u ovom uvodnom predavanju posvećenom ljudskoj okrutnosti i njezinim novijim povijesnim preobrazbama, Derrida počeo istraživati dekonstruktivne političke potencijale psihoanalize. Njegova hipoteza o nadmoći psihoanalize nad svim drugim diskursima u bavljenju ovim nadasve političkim pitanjem pretpostavlja da postoji, iako još ne sasvim priznata ili čak izložena velikim otporima, politika inherentna Freudovoj teoriji. Naznačena u njegovim kasnim spisima, Freudova ‘progresivna politika’, već angažirana u podrivanju principa državnog suvereniteta, budući da se pokazala sposobnom da ukaže na strategiju prolaska ‘s onu stranu nagona smrti’, poziva na stvaranje nove revolucionarne psihoanalize s onu stranu svih principa. U ovom će radu posebno biti važno iznijeti na vidjelo da Derridaino politički usmjereno čitanje Freudove ostavštine bitno ovisi o njegovoj posebnoj i jedinstvenoj poziciji „prijatelja psihoanalize“.
Bilješka o filologiji
Authors: Šimić Krešimir
Published: February 2021

U članku se prvo analizira polemika između Ulricha von Wilamowitz-Möllendorffa i Friedricha Nietzschea nastala povodom objavljivanja Nietzscheove prve knjige Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik (1872), a zatim i polemika između Waltera Jacksona Batea i Paula de Mana povodom objavljivanja Bateova članka The Crisis in English Studies. Iz spomenutih polemika nastoji se ocrtati osnovne smjernice u devetnaestostoljetnom i dvadesetostoljetnom razumijevanju filologije. Konačno, donosi se vlastito viđenje filologije iz vizure kršćanske tradicije, odnosno evanđeoske tvrdnje: καὶ ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (Iv 1, 14).
Budidaya di Lahan Pekarangan untuk Menunjang Pemenuhan Gizi dan Ekonomi Keluarga di Desa Gunungsari Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Yamin Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Pekarangan rumah memiliki banyak fungsi dan manfaat, namun sedikit orang yang menyadarinya terutama di pedesaan. Pandemi COVID-19 yang melanda dunia termasuk Negara Indonesia sejak Bulan Maret 2020 sangat terasa menekan berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia seperti transportasi, ekonomi, pertanian, kesehatan, pendidikan dan pariwisata. Gangguan pada bidang transportasi berdampak terhadap berbagai bidang seperti bidang pertanian dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan masyarakat kurang terpenuhi karena terganggunya suplai. Sektor usaha dan jasa terjadi pengurangan bahkan pemutusan hubungan kerja, akibatnya pendapatan masyarakat berkkurang dan daya belinya menurun. Sementara di sisi lain terdapat sumberdaya potensial yang belum dimanfatkan secara optimal oleh sebagian besar masyarakat terutama di pedsaan yaitu lahan pekarangan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menunjang pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi dan ekonomi keluarga melalui kegiatan budidaya di lahan pekarangan. Selain itu, untuk memberikan keindahan, kesejukan, lingkungan yang nyaman, sehat dan menyenangkan juga sebagai sarana olah raga untuk meningkatkan kesegaran, kebugaran dan imun tubuh. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan dengan penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan dengan metode Andragogi yaitu menekankan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat peserta melalui kerja kelompok, demontrasi lapangan, dan diskusi. Kegiatan tersebut diikuti oleh 16 orang peserta dari desa lokasi dan dosen dari program studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Mataram. Model budidaya yang diterapkan pada khalayak sasaran adalah budidaya vertikular, wadah pot dan bedengan serta pemeliharaan lele dalam ember.  Jenis tanaman yang dibudidayakan yaitu tanam cabai (Capsicum annuum),  terong (Solanum melongena), bayam (Amaranthus sp) dan kemangi (Ocium ocium).
Influence of Environmental Variables on the Natural Regeneration of a Forest under Restoration after Bauxite Mining and in a Reference Ecosystem in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Almeida Silva Kelly de , Martins Sebastião Venâncio , Neto Aurino Miranda
Published: February 2021

The shrub-tree floristic composition of the natural regeneration stratum of a bauxite mine in the process of restoration and in a reference ecosystem (remnant of a preserved secondary Seasonal Semi-Deciduous Forest) were analysed to evaluate forest restoration conditions after five years of planting. The influence of canopy openness, accumulated leaf litter and soil attributes in the regeneration stratum were also investigated in both the forests. The floristic composition of the regeneration stratum in the forest under restoration (16 species and 5,083 individuals ha-1) and in the reference ecosystem (58 species and 26,250 individuals ha-1) are distinct due to the difference in the environmental variables. Results showed that the reference ecosystem favours the presence of species that tolerate environments with greater shading and higher aluminium and organic matter content in the soil like Psychotria carthagenensis Jacq., while the forest under restoration favours the presence of species adapted to fertile soils and those that tolerate greater luminosity like Vernonanthura phosphorica (Vell.) H.Rob.
The Pictures in Enhancing Students English Learning
Authors: Susanti Susanti
Published: February 2021

Writing is one of the four language learning skills which must be well-educated by the language learners. And it is as the most difficult skill to be executed which comes across by the students of the Vocational School of SMKN 4 Pontianak. The writing obstacles such as they do not know what should be written, what topics to be described, limited vocabularies, incorrectly grammar, and the coherency. Educators are desired to lend a hand the students with their learning complication, especially their writing skill. The Picture-Cued Technique is the practice to be carried out to the workshop of Community Engagement at the Vocational School of SMKN 4, which located on Komodor Yos Soedarso Street, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. The aim of this community engagement workshop to familiarize and to assist the learners of the Vocational School of SMKN 4 Pontianak with the procedure of the Picture-Cued Technique to facilitate their writing hindrances. The students of the Vocational School of SMKN 4, eleventh grade, consisted of 32 students who become the participants in this community engagement study. The outcome of this community engagement is students are familiarized to the Picture-Cued Practice then assist them in overcoming writing hindrances in learning writing competence.
Artificial Intelligence as Solution in Facing the Age of Digital Disruption 4.0
Authors: David David
Published: February 2021

Artificial Intelligence is part of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and already exists today. This shows that the future has come and everyone must prepare for the implementation of Artificial Intelligence to face the transformation of the digital era, especially the world of education. The community service workshop was attended by 66 participants, namely students, teachers, and structural officials of SMK Negeri 2 Singkawang. The workshop was held using demonstration methods, lectures, discussions and question and answer. This workshop provides information to teachers and students about the importance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the digital transformation process. For teachers and students at SMKN 2 Singkawang it was introduced that algorithms or artificial intelligence methods could be given simply by representing problems into simple solutions with several examples of implementing artificial intelligence using Microsoft Excel and utilizing VBA macros.
Woman and Cyberbullying
Authors: Sulastri Kartika
Published: February 2021

The seminar titled ‘Woman and Cyberbullying’ as part of Social Community Services has been conducted in Vocational School Number Five (SMKN 5) Pontianak, West Kalimantan. This aimed at raising awareness yet broadening the horizons of high school students about cyberbullying, the drawbacks, and the consequences. The focus of this seminar is on adolescents who not only are vulnerable to cyberbullying but also potentially to be the perpetrators. A comprehensive understanding regarding various kinds of intimidations is expected to develop healthy mental awareness of adolescents. An intense persuasive approach to teenagers -particularly high school students- is needed, so that, they can consciously recognize various types of cyberbullying and be able to prevent and to deal with them necessarily, then become physically and mentally confident mothers in the future. The assessment of students’ understanding of 33 participants about cyberbullying using questionnaires showed an escalation, where students can understand they can be the victims as well as the perpetrators. They obtained oral statements in class to refrain from unnecessary comments and set a wiser social behavior to prevent cyberbullying incidents.
Designing a Visual Novel Game in Nusantara Folklore 'The Origin of Lake Toba' using Renpy Visual Novel Engine
Authors: S Noprita Elisabeth , Hermita Rani
Published: February 2021

Public knows about the folklore of the archipelago in Indonesia through stories told directly by parents and their families, passed down orally from parents to children and their ancestors to future generations. Likewise, the folklore of the origin of Lake Toba. The folklore of the archipelago seems to be slowly disappearing because it is only passed down orally and is less desirable and does not rule out being forgotten and extinct. This is what makes the writer decide to conduct research on the folklore of the archipelago through the media of games, namely visual novels with the story of the origin of Lake Toba as the object. The researcher wants to make an application in the form of animation with the help of a program that wants to be enjoyed by many people and can also be used as a learning medium.The game application that will be produced will later be made using the Ren'Py Novel Visual Engine application and the research method that the author will use is an extreme programming as a management system with the following stages: Exploration Phase, Planning Phase, Iteration Phase, Production Phase, Maintenance Phase and Final Publication Stage ( Death Phase), with the existing tools can make the application of the story of the origin of Lake Toba well, then for future research to make it in a 3-dimension version
Влияние разных вариантов подбора на результативность оценки быков-производителей по качеству потомства
Authors: Гукежев Владимир Мицахович , Габаев Мусса Султанович , Жашуев Жамал Хусеевич
Published: February 2021

Существуют 2 основополагающих метода эффективности селекции: отбор и подбор. Установление результативности разных вариантов подбора в молочном скотоводстве позволит с максимальной точностью получить суждение о генотипе производителя и возможности реализации его качеств через потомство. При увеличении поголовья желательно возможное количество телок, полученное в хозяйстве, за исключением явного брака, пропустить через отел, и отбор вести по фенотипу. Объектом исследований явились материалы оценки 10 быков-производителей по качеству потомства в племенном репродукторе красной степной породы в Кабардино-Балкарии. Все дочери оцененных быков были распределены на группы по отцу матерей, чтобы установить сочетаемость групп дочерей разных быков и возможное влияние их на результативность оценки. В качестве стандарта для оценки сочетаемости взяты средние показатели дочерей оцениваемого быка и в зависимости от них к нейтральным отнесены показатели дочерей других быков, которые были использованы для подбора и отклонялись от них в пределах ±50 кг. Положительную сочетаемость имели те, которые превосходили на 51 кг и более средние показатели дочерей оцениваемого быка, а отрицательную — которые уступали на 51 кг и более.
Оценка сыропригодности молока коров симментальской породы различных продуктивно-конституциональных типов
Authors: Анисимова Е. И. , Сычева Ольга Владимировна
Published: February 2021

Сыропригодность молока обусловлена рядом факторов, среди которых — содержание белка и соотношение между белком и жиром. Представлены результаты исследований по изучению состава и сыропригодности молока, полученного от коров симментальской породы различных продуктивно-конституциональных типов. Установлены следующие пределы колебаний: жирность — от 4,01 до 4,17 %, содержание белка — от 3,29 до 3,34 %, сухой молочный остаток — от 12,34 до 12,52 %. Соотношение белок: жир для молока, полученного от коров молочного типа продуктивности, составляет 0,82, что выше по сравнению с аналогичными показателями, определенными в молоке, полученным от коров молочно-мясного и мясо-молочного типов — соответственно 0,81 и 0,80. По продолжительности сычужного свертывания (18 мин) также получено превалирование молока коров молочного типа продуктивности над молоком, полученным от сверстниц молочно-мясного и мясо-молочного типов продуктивности — соответственно 19,5 и 22,0 мин. Лучшей сыропригодностью, определенной по соотношению между белком и жиром, а также по времени свертывания и качеству сгустка, характеризуется молоко, полученное от коров молочного типа продуктивности по сравнению с молоком от коров молочно-мясного и мясо-молочного типов.
Основы обеспечения устойчивого развития сельских территорий и улучшения качества жизни населения
Authors: Кагермазов Црай Бесланович , Кожоков Мухамед Кадирович
Published: February 2021

Настало время, когда руководители государственных структур всех уровней должны быть убеждены в том, что фундаментом устойчивого социально-экономического развития сельских территорий является сельскохозяйственный кооператив: производственный и потребительский. В настоящее время развитие малых форм хозяйствования в сфере АПК является важнейшей задачей в стране, при этом особое внимание уделяется именно созданию сельскохозяйственной кооперации и совершенствованию системы мер по ее поддержке. В Кабардино-Балкарской Республике, как и во многих регионах страны, сельскохозяйственная кооперация стала определяющим фактором рентабельности производства и конкурентоспособности продукции в сфере агропромышленного комплекса. Только при комплексном решении улучшения качества жизни сельчан значительно повысится престиж крестьянского труда и улучшится демографическая ситуация в селах, где проживает почти половина населения республики. Основной приоритетной стратегической задачей развития Северо-Кавказского федерального округа, в том числе, Кабардино-Балкарской Республики, является устойчивое развитие сельских территорий на основе добровольного объединения малых и средних субъектов предпринимательства в сельскохозяйственные производственные кооперативы.
A. S. MAGOMEDOV: PROFILE AND FULL FACE OF HIS CREATIVITY
Authors: Sultanova Gulizar Ahmedovna
Published: February 2021

The article presents a generalized creative portrait of the people's artist of Dagestan, winner of international, regional and national competitions and festivals, chief Director of the Lak theatre Aslan Sadykovich Magomedov. The main roles performed by A. Magomedov on the stage are named; the general description and analysis of the artist’s work in various roles are presented.
SEARCH FOR IMAGE AND ART EXPRESSIVENESS IN PAINTING BY VASILIY KOLESNIKOV OF THE SIXTIES OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Gamidov Timur Saidovich
Published: February 2021

The article studies the features of artistic style and innovative ideas in the painting of V. Kolesnikov. On the example of the portrait genre, a wide range of expressive possibilities is considered, to which the author resorts due to his spirit of freedom of expression, bold ideas and refined aesthetic taste. The importance of the artist's creative achievements for the development of fine art of Dagestan in the second half of the twentieth century is noted.
EDUCATIONAL AND COGNITIVE VALUE OF LEZGIN FOLK RIDDLES
Authors: Gasharova Aida Ruslanovna
Published: February 2021

The article considers the role of Lezgin folk riddles in the educational process. A distinctive feature of riddles as a folklore genre is the exceptional power of emotional impact on the listener. Initially, they developed and were popular among adults, but gradually moved into the category of genres of children's folklore. Their educational and cognitive value lies in the intellectual development and learning function of children of preschool and primary school age. In this regard the study of riddles has a scientific and practical-pedagogical value.
Timing of prophylactic antibiotic use during elective caesarean section: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Hu Shi-Fu , Wang Ying-Ying , Wu Yan-Qing , Yu Qiong
Published: February 2021

Perioperative antibiotic therapy is recommended to reduce the incidence of infection after caesarean section. However, the optimal timing of prophylactic antibiotic administration in such cases remains controversial. With this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic therapy before skin incision versus after umbilical cord clamping in patients undergoing elective caesarean section. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1, 2000 and July 1, 2020. The 1101 initially identified references were narrowed to 10 RCTs involving 5020 women for the final analysis. Briefly, we determined that prophylactic antibiotic therapy before skin incision not only reduced the incidence of postpartum endometritis (relative risk (RR), 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.92; P = 0.02), but also decreased the rate of total infectious morbidity (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64-0.98; P = 0.03) when compared to antibiotic therapy after umbilical cord clipping. However, the two timings of antibiotic administration did not lead to significant differences in the incidence of wound infection (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-1.00; P = 0.05), maternal febrile morbidity (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.67-2.14; P = 0.54), neonatal sepsis (RR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.37-1.13; P = 0.13), septic workup (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.67-1.18; P = 1.00) or neonatal intensive care unit admission (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.69-1.09; P = 0.23). In conclusion, the prophylactic administration of antibiotics before a skin incision is made for an elective caesarean section can significantly decrease the incidence of total infectious morbidity and postpartum endometritis.
Effect of seven oriental herbs mixture (Jogyeongbohyeoldan) on the restoration of ovarian aging in aged mice
Authors: Joo Jong-Kil , Lim Chae-Hak , Park Min Jung , Kim Hyeon Jeong , Kim Chang-Woon , Yoon Chul-Hee , Yoo Jeong-Eun , Joo Bo Sun
Published: February 2021

Purpose of Investigation: Ovarian aging remains a difficult problem in infertility treatment. The traditional oriental herbs have been widely used for female infertility treatment. This study investigated the effect of seven oriental herbs mixture (Jogyeongbohyeoldan, JBD) on ovarian aging and oocyte quality in aged and premature ovarian failure female mice. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6 female mice aged 12 months (natural ovarian aging, NOA) were administered once daily with JBD of 15 mg/kg (n = 7) and 30 mg/kg (n = 7) of body weight for 4 weeks using syringe with oral zoned needle. The control group (n = 7) was treated with normal saline. After final treatment of JBD, follicle counts were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and ovarian mRNA expressions of genes related to PI3K/mTOR (4E-BP1, S6K1, RPS6) and Hippo (MST1, LATS1) signaling pathway, and angiogenesis (VEGF, visfatin, and SDF-1α) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. In the second experiment, NOA and premature ovarian failure mice (POF) were treated with JBD (n = 7 each), and were superovulated with PMSG and hCG, followed by mated with male. Numbers of zygotes ovulated and embryo development rate were examined. In the third experiment, a total of 18 NOA female mice and 24 POF mice were administered with JBD and mated with males for 2 weeks, and then the pregnancy outcome was monitored up to 20 days. Results: JBD significantly increased numbers of primordial, primary, secondary, and antral/mature follicles, and ovarian mRNA expression of 4EBP1, S6K1, RPS6, MST1, LATS, VEGF, and SDF-1α. Also JBD significantly increased numbers of zygotes retrieved and embryo development rate to blastocyst in NOA and POF mice compared to controls (P < 0.05). JBD treatment significantly increased pregnancy outcome including number of live birthed pups in both NOA and POF mice. Conclusions: These results suggest that JBD can restore ovarian aging and improve ovarian function, ovarian response and oocyte quality in aged mice. It is suggested that this beneficial effect may be related to an increase in ovarian expression of genes associated with PI3K/mTOR and Hippo signaling pathways and angiogenesis.
Caesarean section between doctrine to heresis. Medicoethical and deontological view of caesarology: an opinion
Authors: Habek Dubravko , Prka Matija , Čartolovni Anto , Cerovac Anis , Dokozić Domagoj
Published: February 2021

Increasing the incidence of caesarean section is not in line with professional and deontological guidelines. Elective cesarean section prevents primordial prevention of chronic cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, imunological, endocrinological morbidity by peripartal programming. Elective non-medical indicated caesarean section is not a procedure that respects deontological, clinical etics, scientific and professional principles. It is like an unacceptable surgery outside the scope of medical ethics. Clientelism in high-risk clinical obstetric medicine is not a professional and deontologically correct category: a physician should not be a provider on request of healthy pregnant women with the potential to have a medically incorrect procedure and complications associated with it and to put a healthy pregnant/maternity and child status in the patient’s status. The financial, social, political and cultural components must not outweigh good clinical practice and the moral principles of medicine.
What do the numbers say? - Introduction of the WHO ICD-PM classification and fetuses-at risk approach in perinatal audit, South India
Authors: Zulfeen Momina , Upadhyay Rekha , Amin Sapna V. , Pai Muralidhar V. , Lewis Leslie
Published: February 2021

Objective: In India, despite a reduction in perinatal mortality rate from 2014 to 2019, still birth rate is still the same at the national average of 4/1000 live births. As yet there is no nation-wide audit in India except for facility based audits. Hence the need for a simplified yet effective audit process exists. The aim of this study was to perform a qualitative perinatal audit and devise methods for future audits. Methods: We conducted a one year audit for all perinatal deaths using WHO ICD PM and 3-delay classification. Gestational age (GA) specific mortality was calculated for significant underlying factors using fetuses-at risk approach. Results: We recorded a perinatal mortality rate of 6.1/1000 births among booked cases and 21.32/1000 births among referred cases. Fetal growth restriction was the most common antenatal condition, accounting to 33.3% of antepartum deaths. Prematurity accounted to 52% of neonatal deaths. Phase 2 delay with delayed referrals in severe pre-eclampsia and Phase 1 delay with late visit (> 24 h) to hospital after experiencing absent fetal movements were the most common identifiable delays. Hypertension stood out to be the single most common risk-factor. GA specific mortalities, calculated using fetuses-at risk approach, show a peak mortality rate at 30 weeks, 37 weeks and 38 weeks in pregnancies with early-onset preeclampsia, severe fetal growth restriction and medically treated gestational diabetes respectively. Conclusion: The audit identified significant contributing factors to the mortality. ICD-PM and 3-delay classification was simpler and easier to apply with wide areas of opportunities for secondary analysis.
The early second-trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction improves pregnancy outcome
Authors: Jiang Jing-Jing , Han Ting , Zhu Yan-Hui
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To evaluate pregnancy outcome of selective second-trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) compared with that of first-trimester MFPR, and control group which consists of women with ongoing primary twin pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all women with triplet pregnancies who underwent fetal reductions to twin pregnancies from January 2010 to December 2019 in Shandong Provincial Hospital. 154 MFPR were performed by intracardially injection of potassium chloride, 8 MFPR were performed by intracranially injection of potassium chloride. Reductions to monochorionic twins and reductions to one embryo were excluded. All procedures were performed at 12-24+6 wks gestation. The outcome of pregnancy in women with reduced triplets was compared with that of the control group. Results: We identified 162 women with reduced triplet pregnancies who underwent fetal reductions to twin pregnancies, and 160 women with ongoing primary twin pregnancies as the control group. There was a significant difference in the abortion rate between MFPR and control group. The abortion rate of the early second trimester MFPR group (at gestation 14-15+6 wks) (13.3%, 5/35) was not significantly different compared with that of the first trimester MFPR group (at gestation 12-13+6 wks) (8.3%, 8/96) or that of the control group (6.9%, 11/160). There were no significant differences in average gestation time at delivery, delivery rate in 28-34 wks, neonatal birth weight, gestational diabetes mellitus, or hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy among the first trimester MFPR group , the early second trimester MFPR group, and the control group. Conclusion: In women with triplet pregnancy, fetal reduction in the early second trimester is an effective way to avoid delivery of abnormal fetuses, reduce complications during delivery, and improve neonatal quality.
Housing Discourse: Historical development, epistemological gap and sociological modeling
Authors: Debele Efa Tadesse , Negussie Taye
Published: February 2021

Housing
issue is essentially major social issue. Even though housing is vital for
individual life and social life, the attention given to its theorization and
epistemological framework is neglected. Different disciplines and scholars from
different disciplinary background have been carrying out housing study. The
misplacement of housing study and social relegation of housing per se triggered
this theoretical review of housing discourses. Housing study needs to have self-governing
epistemological ground and housing research should be framed with its grand
theories. Housing is a key social need that strongholds the foundational
essence of social fabric. So far housing studies did not understand housing
discourses as a central sociological agenda. Isolation of housing issue from major
sociological concerns misplaced housing study thereby affected epistemological
and methodological advancement of housing knowledge. Therefore, housing study call
for grand theory that potentially governs all aspects of housing issues.
Housing is a social phenomenon which can be expressed in terms of processes,
behaviors, development and structures. Housing problems are attributed to
different social dynamics and structural challenges which enforce households to
behave in different ways to cope with the problems. These issues are basically
sociological concerns which enable us to scaffold housing study with sociological
theories.
A short story of nearly everything in Lactifluus (Russulaceae)
Authors: De Crop E. , Delgat L. , Nuytinck J. , Halling R.E. , Verbeken A.
Published: February 2021

Fungi are a large and hyper-diverse group with major taxa present in every ecosystem on earth. However, compared to other eukaryotic organisms, their diversity is largely understudied. Since the rise of molecular techniques, new lineages are being discovered at an increasing rate, but
many are not accurately characterised. Access to comprehensive and reliable taxonomic information of organisms is fundamental for research in different disciplines exploring a variety of questions. A globally dominant ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal family in terrestrial ecosystems is the
Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) family. Amongst the mainly agaricoid Russulaceae genera, the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactifluus was historically least studied due to its largely tropical distribution in many underexplored areas and the apparent occurrence
of several species complexes. Due to increased studies in the tropics, with a focus on this genus, knowledge on Lactifluus grew. We demonstrate here that Lactifluus is now one of the best-known ECM genera. This paper aims to provide a thorough overview of the current knowledge
of Lactifluus, with information on diversity, distribution, ecology, phylogeny, taxonomy, morphology, and ethnomycological uses of species in this genus. This is a result of our larger study, aimed at building a comprehensive and complete dataset or taxonomic framework for Lactifluus,
based on molecular, morphological, biogeographical, and taxonomical data as a tool and reference for other researchers.
PPK Artikel 2 helda artha g.p
Authors: PUTRI HELDA ARTHA GRESIA
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK Merokok merupakan sebuah aktivitas yang kini banyak di gandrungi oleh para reamaja kita.Dahulu kala merokok hanyalah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan orang-orang tua.Tapi kini merokok sudah merambah ke dalam kehidupan anak-anak sekolah.Dibalik kenikmatan bagi dirinya dan kehidupan masa depannya .Hal inilah yang ingin dicegah melalui sosialisasi ini.Karena apabila Merokok telah menjadi sebuah kebiasaan yang di lakukan oleh masyarakat pada umumnya,maka bahaya merokok juga akan mengintai masa depannya Masa depan perokok akan menjadi suram,lihatlah ketika mereka ketagihan untuk mengkonsumsi sebatang rokok,jika sudah fatal,maka mereka akan melakukan segala cara untuk dapat menikmati sebatang rokok.Penyakit yang timbul akan tergantung dari kadar zat berbahaya yang terkandung,kurun waktu kebiasaan merokok,dan cara menghisap rokok.Semakin mudea seseorang mulai merokok,makin besar resiko orang tersebut mendapat penyakit saat tua.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN PERILAKU SEKS PERTAMAKALI TIDAK AMAN PADA REMAJA USIA 15–24 TAHUN DAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI
Authors: Livani Faysa Ayu
Published: February 2021

Masa remaja merupakan perpaduan antara perkembangan usia psikologis dan usia biologis. Masalah ini tidak dapat didekati hanya dari aspek klinis oleh para ahli kedokteran. Inti persoalan sesungguhnya terletak pada konteks sosial yang sangat kompleks karena kesehatan reproduksi politik, sosial dan ekonomi dan berhubungan erat dengan nilai, etika, agama dan kebudayaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor perilaku seksual peramakali remaja usia 15–24 tahun dengan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi. Metode analisis berdasarkan jenis data perilaku seks remaja usia 15–24 tahun yang bersifat nominal sebagai variabel dependen, dan kesehatan reproduksi sebagai variabel independen, dengan jenis data yang bersifat nominal maka uji analisis melalui 2 tahap yaitu Analisis, univariat, bivariat untuk analisis hubungan dua variabel yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis tahap ke dua Analisis Regressi ordinal.
Pengaruh Merokok Dan Bahanya Bagi Tubuh
Authors: Fahrurozi
Published: February 2021

Merokok membahayakan hampir semua organ tubuh, menimbulkan banyak penyakit dan mempengaruhi kesehatan perokok secara umum. Bila anda berhenti merokok, manfaatnya dapat anda rasakan secara langsung maupun jangka panjang, bagi anda maupun orang-orang yang andacintai.Dalam karya tulis ini akan di bahas seputar hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan rokok dan bagaimana untuk berhenti, dengan harapan semoga apa yang di bahas dalam ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua, serta lebih memahami maksud sang Pencipta untuk selalu hidup sehat.
DAMPAK DARI WABAH CORONA VIRUS DISEASE-19
Authors: Rianti Erina Dewi
Published: February 2021

Corona Virus atau COVID-19 yang sudah dinyatakan sebagai pandemi karena sudah meluas diseluruh negara. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang tertular COVID-19 dan saat ini perekonomian di Indonesia pun sedang mengalami penurunan karena banyak usaha-usaha yang tutup karena sepinya pengunjung dan pekerja yang mengalami PHK karena pemiliki usaha tidak mampu menggaji. Pandemi ini tidak hanya menimbulkan masalah ekonomi saja akan tetapi masalah social juga karena dengan adanya COVID-19 tingkat mortalitas atau kematian semakin meningkat tiap hari nya dan masyarakat diberi batasan untuk melakukan sosialisasi guna mencegah menyebarnya COVID-19. Lansia merupakan suatu kelompok penduduk yang cukup rentan dan terdampak dalam masalah kesehatan danpsikologis di era pandemi COVID 19 (new normal). Salah satu usaha dari pemerintah dalam menjaga lansiaagar tidak terpapar wabah ini adalah dengan promosi kesehatan di Posyandu Lansia.
BAHAYA DAN DAMPAK MEROKOK BAGI REMAJA
Authors: Narkadhea Lisca Nia
Published: February 2021

BAHAYA DAN DAMPAK MEROKOK BAGI REMAJA
Pengaruh Merokok Terhadap Perilaku Remaja
Authors: Immawan Syafrinda
Published: February 2021

Masa remaja merupakan suatu masa dimana seorang individu mengalami transisi dari satu tahap ke tahap berikutnya dan baik perubahan emosi, tubuh, pola tingkah laku, dan juga masalah-masalah remaja yang sangat cenderung memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang besar terhadap merokok. Kebiasaan merokok bagi remaja dimulai karena kurangnya informasi dan kesalahpahaman informasi, iklan atau rayuan dari teman. Banyak orang percaya bahwa merokok bisa menghilangkan stres. Bagaimanapun itu sangat dibenarkan. Hanya efek nikotin yang memberikan rasa tenang sesaat. Jika sudah terlanjur luangkan waktu untuk menghentikan kebiasaan buruk tersebut secepatnya. Mulai dari hidup sehat dan rutin menjaga kesehatan dan memahami bahaya rokok.
Bảy dấu hiệu cảnh báo cần lưu ý để ổn định nền tài chính quốc gia
Authors: Pape Helpe
Published: February 2021

Nếu nền kinh tế quốc gia là một cơ thể sống, thì hệ thống tài chính là cơ chế tạo, cung cấp và lưu thông máu tới từng tế bào, bộ phận. Thiếu hay thừa đều phát sinh các vấn đề cần giải quyết. Với quá trình chuyển đổi kinh tế và hội nhập quốc tế mạnh mẽ, liên tục giám sát, kịp thời dự đoán sát thực các dấu hiệu và biến động của thị trường để từ đó xây dựng chính sách điều tiết thị trường tài chính và toàn bộ nền kinh tế một cách hợp lý là việc làm cần thiết bảo đảm tăng trưởng kinh tế bền vững, đúng định hướng. Đối với nền tài chính của Việt Nam, hiện đang tồn tại bảy dấu hiệu cảnh báo cần được các nhà nghiên cứu và hoạch định chính sách quan tâm.
Dynamic structures in evo-devo: From morphogenetic fields to evolving organisms
Authors: Jaeger Johannes
Published: February 2021

Evolution does not act on particular stages in the life of an organism. Instead, it alters developmental processes and life cycles in response to environmental conditions to bring about phenotypic change. The structure of these processes determines evolvability, the capacity of organisms to adapt. These structures are intrinsically dynamic. The organisational principles underlying organisms and the morphogenetic fields that constitute their ontogeny actively remodel themselves over time. How this occurs, and how it influences the rate and direction of evolutionary change, are central questions for biology. They lead us to fundamentally reconsider the active role of organisms in evolutionary change, which raises the possibility of a new agent-based theory of evolution in which organisms and their perceived environments co-construct each other in a radically innovative dialectic dynamic. [Originally published as: Jaeger J (2019). Dynamic structures in evo-devo: from morphogenetic fields to evolving organisms. In: Fusco G (ed.). Perspectives on Evolutionary and Developmental Biology - Essays for Alessandro Minelli (Festschrift). Padova University Press, Padova, IT.]
Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Resiko Tindakan Aborsi bagi Kesehatan
Authors: Mesa Yubi Djolu
Published: February 2021

Aborsi sesuatu yang dianggap sebagai sebuah tindakan kriminal dimana terjadinya pembunuhan, tetapi walaupun demikian pada perkembangannya dari waktu ke waktu aktifitas aborsi semakin mengalami peningkatan yang sangat tinggi khususnya dikalangan para remaja. Bagi para remaja yang terdapat di kota-kota besar, aborsi merupakan sesuatu hal yang dianggap biasa karena hampir setiap harinya berita tentang aborsi muncul di media elektronik maupun di media cetak. Sedangkan para remaja yang berada di desa atau yang tinggal di desa maupun juga di kota-kota kecil belum tentu tidak melakukan aborsi walaupun persentasenya sedikit. saat ini aborsi tidak aman (unsafe abortion) akibat kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan masih merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI). aborsi hanya dapat dilakukan dalam kondisi tertentu, yaitu berdasarkan indikasi kedaruratan medis atau kehamilan akibat pemerkosaan. Mengingat tindakan aborsi di Indonesia dilarang, kecuali dalam kondisi tertentu, maka upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah yang bersifat preventif.
Example
Authors: Roroa Indah Kumala Sari
Published: February 2021

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