bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Replication of a study from “Counterfeit Diversity: How Strategically Misrepresenting Gender Diversity Dampens Organizations’ Perceived Sincerity and Elevates Women’s Identity Threat Concerns” (JPSP | Kroeper, Williams & Murphy 2022)
Authors: Harris Clare Diane
Published: June 2024

We ran a replication of study 3 from this paper, which assessed men’s and women’s beliefs about hypothetical scenarios in which they imagined applying to and working for technology companies with different ratios of men and women on staff (either 3:1 or 1:1). In the original study, when a company had a male:female staff ratio of 3:1 (even if its promotional materials display an equal balance of men and women), it was perceived as not being sincerely interested in increasing gender diversity, and women (but not men) were more likely to have identity threat concerns about working there (e.g., concerns about not having their contributions valued due to their gender). Also, both men and women (but especially women) tended to be less interested in working for that organization. These effects were mediated by the perception that the company was not sincerely interested in increasing gender diversity. Our findings were mostly consistent with those of the original study (see full report), except that we did not find that gender moderated the indirect effects of company diversity on interest in working for the company.
Paternalism and Liberalism: A Comparative Analysis of Political Modernity in Western and Non-Western Societies. An Overview
Authors: Alabaydh Muhtadi
Published: June 2024

This review paper examines the evolution of political modernity, democratic and liberal systems from the Renaissance to the modern era, with a particular focus on the concept of paternalism and its relationship with liberalism. The study explores how political modernity has developed differently in Western and non-Western societies, emphasizing the tensions between modernity and indigenous social values in non-Western contexts. Through an analysis of existing literature, this paper highlights the Western genesis of political modernity, driven by the Hegelian dialectic. Conversely, in non-Western societies, conflicts arise as political modernity clashes with authentic cultural values, becoming a problematic issue that necessitates the reconciliation of these conflicts within non-Western governance systems. The analysis reveals that paternalism varies in its degree, ranging from soft to hard, depending on the specific political and social systems in both Western and non-Western societies. This study underscores the need for further research on paternalism within the contexts of religion, law, and culture, particularly in Islamic societies.
Ethics in EdTech: Consolidating Standards For Responsible Data Handling And Usercentric Design
Authors: Atabey Ayça , Robinson Cory , Cermakova Anna Lindroos , Siibak Andra , Kucirkova Natalia Ingebretsen
Published: June 2024

This report proposes aspirational principles for EdTech providers, emphasizing ethical practices, robust data protection, ownership rights, transparent consent processes, and active user engagement, particularly with children. These measures aim to enhance transparency, accountability, and trust in EdTech platforms. Focusing on the K12 sector, the report systematically reviews and integrates key academic, legal, and technical frameworks to propose ethical benchmarks for the EdTech industry. The benchmarks go beyond quality assurance, highlighting good practices and ethical leadership for the field. The report addresses the need for a new culture in EdTech ethics, one that is collaborative and views EdTech providers as partners in dialogue with researchers and policy-makers to identify constructive solutions and uphold social trust. The outlined benchmarks are intended for national policymakers, international agencies, and certification bodies to consider when developing quality standards for EdTech used in schools. They include AI safeguards and stress the importance of meeting international data protection standards, establishing clear ownership rights, and implementing transparent consent processes to address data control issues, as well as active user engagement for improving data governance practices.
White Paper: When will fusion energy truly become a reality?
Authors: Spigler Renato
Published: June 2024

This paper provides up-to-date insights into fusion (thermonuclear) research, detailing ongoing projects and planned devices. The document also explores alternative sources of energy, offering a comprehensive overview of the current landscape. Additionally, notable comments and observations are provided to illuminate key aspects of the discussed topics. Stay informed as we delve into the latest advancements and initiatives in the dynamic 1eld of energy research.
A Critical Turn Inwards in The Woman of Colour (1808): On Teaching Romanticism Now
Authors: Neiman Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

This encounter with The Woman of Colour (1808) began with a 2019 call by Romantic Circles Pedagogies for essays on “Romantic” teaching. The COVID-19 pandemic intervened, as did a personal tragedy that was yet not my own. The essay I eventually wrote was reshaped by this tragedy, as were my reflections on the experimental assignment in life-writing that was to be the essay’s focus. My tone, while meditative and personal, compelled me to pose new questions about The Woman of Colour and to recognize limits in my prior readings of the novel (2019; 2020). The Woman of Colour is shown to push past the limits of what (white) readers can say or know about the protagonist, Olivia Fairfield, both because of and despite the author’s use of a strong epistolary “I.”
Urban Comparison of Former “Fotokemika” Factory Complexes in Zagreb and Samobor
Authors: Kranjčec Klara , Zaninović Tamara , Bojanić Obad Šćitaroci Bojana
Published: June 2024

The urban fabric of cities is in constant flux. This paper is focused on two areas of former “Fotokemika” industrial complexes for production of photographic materials, located in Zagreb and Samobor. Complexes are analyzed based on previous studies, archive material and field research. The results compare their urban transformations in contemporary urban context with new uses. The aim is to detect urban, micro-urban and architectural characteristics in order to understand how they change through time within each city by comparing the initial contexts in the first half of the 20th century and contemporary situations followed in the period between 2020 and 2024.
Review of Aleksander Laslo’s Research on Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth-Century Architecture in Zagreb
Authors: Bjažić Klarin Tamara
Published: June 2024

Architect Aleksander Saša Laslo (Celje, 1950 – Zagreb, 2014) was one of the leading historians of Croatian twentieth-century architecture, with a research scope centered on the city of Zagreb. Its aim was to investigate the processes of modernisation, tracing the evolution from high historicism and eclecticism through Art Nouveau to proto-functionalism and New Building (Ger. Neues Bauen, Cro. novo građenje) – viewed through building spatial-organisation, construction, and then inevitably form. Laslo’s interest, of course, extended beyond the mere physical structure of the building to wider social, economic, and cultural context, and dynamic knowledge exchange with Central Europe during that time, within which Laslo positioned the architecture of Zagreb. Methodologically, since the very beginning in the early 1980s, Laslo relied on exhaustive research, cataloguing, and contemporary research of Central European architecture. To mark the tenth anniversary of the death of this prominent researcher of Zagreb’s architectural heritage, this paper provides the first review of Laslo’s work, highlighting its comprehensiveness, integrity, and scientific method.
The Role and Significance of Human-Space Relationship and Psychology in Interior Architecture and Architectural Education
Authors: Aygenç Beren , Özburak Cimen
Published: June 2024

Each geographic location has its own unique architectural language and characteristics. Therefore, it is important to acknowledge that architectural design cannot be universally suitable for every geography. To be able to think, calculate, evaluate and analyse all these and more at every scale is possible with ‘human-space relationship and psychology’ (HSRP). For this reason, HSRP seems to be a lerning necessity for architecture students, especially interior architecture departments, in undergraduate education processes. The study started by determining the position of architecture and interior architecture education and HSRP in undergraduate education. Based on the findings obtained and analysed, an education model on HSRP was developed and applied to interior architecture and architecture undergraduate students in three different academic terms. The HSRP education model combined theoretical subjects and activities, and the students’ cognitive levels were measured at the beginning and end of the academic term. Quantitative data demonstrated that the developed education model made the subject more comprehensible to the students compared to a purely theoretical approach. This emphasised the importance and necessity of the course.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Briket dari Limbah Sekam Padi di Desa Jajaran Baru Kecamatan Megang Sakti Kabupaten Musi Rawas
Authors: Arini Wahyu , Arini Tri , Lovisia Endang , Utami Gumay Ovilia Putri
Published: June 2024

Jajaran Baru adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Megang Sakti, Kabupaten Musi Rawas, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia.Sebagian besar wilayah Desa Jajaran Baru ini terdiri dari persawahan, perkebunan karet. Mayoritas masyarakat Desa Jajaran Baru berkerja sebagai petani, buru tani, dan pedagang. Desa Jajaran Baru merupakan desa mitra pada kegiatan Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang dilakukan pada Bulan September 2023 dengan kegiatan berupa sosialisasi dan pelatihan pembuatan briket dari limbah sekam padi sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi limbah sekam padi dilingkungan dan melatih Masyarakat dalam mengolah sekam padi sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan tersebut diperoleh hasil berupa peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra dalam pembuatan briket dengan menggunakan limbah sekam padi. Dari data analisis diperoleh rata-rata nilai sebesar 88,9, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat briket sekam padi sebagai energi alternatif termasuk dalam kategori Sangat Baik. Untuk keterampilan Masyarakat di peroleh rata-rata nilai sebesar 88,7, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan masyarakat berada pada kategori Sangat Baik.
Pengembangan Keahlian dalam Produksi Kopi Liwa Melalui Pelatihan Penggunaan Mesin
Authors: Barusman M. Yusuf S , Dunan Hendri , Santoso Niki Agus , Aprinisa Aprinisa , Redaputri Appin Purisky
Published: June 2024

Training on using coffee machines was held to improve the skills of Gamba Kupi Liwa Community members in the coffee production process. Through a theoretical and practical approach, participants are introduced to the concept of using modern machines to increase the efficiency and quality of coffee products. Training involves theory sessions, practical demonstrations, as well as interactive discussions. The training methodology includes exposure to the basic concepts of using coffee machines, hands-on practical sessions using modern equipment, and case studies to demonstrate the application of concepts in the coffee industry. The evaluation was carried out to measure participant understanding and the impact of the training on Gamba Kupi Liwa Community coffee production. The results of the training showed significant improvements in machine usage skills, operational efficiency and product quality. Additionally, training creates a collaborative environment among community members, increasing their involvement in the development of the local coffee industry. Thus, this training not only develops technical skills, but also builds the foundation for sustainable growth in the coffee industry. The success of this training provides a positive view of the potential of the Gamba Kupi Liwa Community to become a major player in the coffee industry, creating a positive impact on the community's economy and society.
خبرات وممارسات إدارة الصراعات التنظيمية لدى مديري مدارس محافظة الداخلية بسلطنة عُمان
Authors: العامرية أحلام بنت سليمان بن سالم , الحبسية رضيه بنت سليمان
Published: June 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة الحالية التعرف على واقع الصراعات التنظيمية في بعض مدارس محافظة الداخلية بسلطنة عُمان كما يصفها مديرو تلك المدارس، ورصد خبراتهم وممارساتهم في إدارة الصراعات التنظيمية التي تحدث بمدارسهم. وللإجابة على أسئلة الدراسة. المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي النوعي، وعلى وجه التحديد استخدمت المنهجية الظاهرياتية phenomenology. وقد استخدمت المقابلات الفردية المعمقة في جمع البيانات عن الظاهرة قيد الدراسة، حيث تم اختيار عينة الدراسة بالطريقة القصدية لإجراء المقابلات، مكونة من (9) تسعة من مديري ومديرات مدارس محافظة الداخلية بسلطنة عُمان. النتائج: جاءت نتائج الدراسة فيما يتعلق بسؤال الدراسة الأول كالتالي: يعتبر مديرو المدارس الصراعات التنظيمية ظاهرة طبيعية في بيئة المدرسة تحدث نتيجة التفاعلات الاجتماعية والهرمية داخل المؤسسة، وتؤثر الصراعات التنظيمية على أداء المدرسة بشكل عام وتعوق تحقيق الأهداف التعليمية المرجوة، ويواجه مديرو المدارس تحديات وصراعات تنظيمية متنوعة، بناءً على العوامل الداخلية والخارجية، ويمارس مديرو المدارس مهارة التأمل الذاتي في الممارسات اليومية، ولكن دون توثيق أو تسجيل لآليات إدارتها، حتى يتمكن الرجوع إليها في حال حدوث صراعات مشابهة. أما فيما يتعلق بسؤال الدراسة الثاني، فقد جاءت نتائج الدراسة كالتالي: يعتمد مديرو المدارس على خبراتهم الإدارية والتربوية في إدارة الصراعات التنظيمية، ويستخدم مديرو المدارس استراتيجيات متعددة في ذلك، منها: التفاوض لتدارك تفاقم تلك الصراعات، كذلك الاتصال الفعّال، وتعزيز ثقافة الحوار والتعاون بين أعضاء هيئة التدريس والموظفين للتغلب على الصراعات التنظيمية، وتعزيز ثقافة التسامح والاحترام المتبادل بين أعضاء الفريق التعليمي، كما يسعى مديري المدارس لتنمية قدرات فريق العمل في إدارة الصراعات التنظيمية بمدارسهم، من خلال التدريب وورش العمل وتبادل الخبرات. الخلاصة: أوصت الدراسة بعدد من التوصيات، أبرزها: تبني أسلوب مجتمعات التعلم المهنية؛ لتبادل الخبرات بين مديري مدارس محافظة الداخلية في إدارة الصراعات التنظيمية، وتكليف إدارات المدارس بتوظيف سجل التأمل الذاتي في الممارسات اليومية في إدارة الصراعات التنظيمية، وتطوير برنامج القيادة المدرسية الذي يستهدف مديري المدارس في المعهد التخصصي للتدريب المهني للمعلمين، بتضمين محورًا خاصًا بالصراعات التنظيمية والأساليب الفعالة في إدارتها.
THE CRISIS OF THE GERMAN LEFT
Authors: Thompson Peter
Published: June 2024

Using Nietzsche's categories of monumentalist, antiquarian and critical history, the author examines the historical and theoretical contexts of the collapse of the GDR in 1989 and looks at the positive and negative legacies of the GDR for the PDS (the successor party to the East German Communists). He contends that the Stalinization of the GDR itself was the product not just of the Cold War but of a longer inter-systemic struggle between the competing primacies of politics and economics and that the end of the GDR has to be seen as a consequence of the global collapse of the social imperative under the pressure of the re-emergence of the market-state since the mid-1970s. The PDS is therefore stuck in dilemma in which any attempt to "arrive in the Federal Republic" (Brie) is criticized as a readiness to accept the dominance of the market over society whereas any attempt to prioritize social imperatives over the market is attacked as a form of unreconstructed Stalinism. The book offers some suggestions as to how to escape from this dilemma by returning to the critical rather than monumentalist and antiquarian traditions of the workers’ movement.
CATEGORIES OF SELF
Authors: Celtel André
Published: June 2024

Drawing on anthropological, socio-psychological, religious, and philosophical material, this book engages in a discussion of what it means to be an ‘individual’ in relation to notions of selfhood, personality, and social role. This theme is explored with reference to the investigations of Louis Dumont into Hindu and other Indian ideologies, and with regard to the dominant threads of Western individualism. Clarifying and at times building upon his analyses, the author follows Dumont in a consideration of Indian ideology (Hindu non-individualism, the ‘dividual’, social personhood); French ideology (sociopolitical individualism); German ideology (subjective individualism); and Western ideology (the Christian beginnings of individualism, political and economic individualism, the philosophical ‘categorisation’ of self). While most commentators have tended to focus primarily on one aspect of Dumont's work – either his views on Indian hierarchy or writings on modern individualism – the author reveals considerable continuity throughout Dumont’s entire oeuvre based around the notion of 'categories' and the concept of the 'individual’. Dumont’s intellectual background is explored with reference to the Durkheimian tradition, with Marcel Mauss being highlighted as the principal architect in his thinking. In particular, Dumont’s interest in the ‘category of the individual’ is shown to be an extension of Mauss’s concern with the ‘category of the person’. The distinctiveness of Dumont’s structuralist approach is thrown into full relief through comparison with that of others acknowledging an intellectual dept to Mauss, namely, Claude Lévi-Strauss and Fernand Braudel. The book covers an assessment of general approaches to the study of individualism, with the relevant perspectives of other thinkers discussed and related to Dumont’s approach as appropriate.
SWEDISH VENTURES IN CAMEROON, 1883-1923
Authors: Knudson Knut
Published: June 2024

The 1880s were a critical time in Cameroon. A German warship arrived in the Douala estuary and proclaimed Cameroon a protectorate. At that time, two Swedes, Knutson and Waldau, were living on the upper slopes of the Cameroon Mountain. Very little is known about their activities. One, Knutson, wrote a long memoir of his time in Cameroon (1883-1895) which is published here for the first time. It gives fascinating insights into everyday life in Cameroon and into the multifaceted relationships among the various Europeans, and between them and the Africans, at the end of the 19th century; we learn about the Swedes' quarrels first with the Germans and later with the British, over land purchases, thus revealing the origins of long on-going disputes over Bakweri lands. We are given vivid descriptions of Bakweri notables and their, and the Europeans', cultural practices, a rare eye-witness account of the sasswood witchcraft ordeal, and learn about Knutson's friendships with slaves. Together with appended contemporary correspondence, legal opinions, and early (translated) texts, this memoir must be considered as a unique and invaluable primary source for the pre-colonial history of Cameroon.
MEMORY AND AMNESIA
Authors: Aguilar Paloma
Published: June 2024

Using a rich variety of sources such as official newsreels, school textbooks, the work of contemporary historians, memoirs, official documents, legislation, and monuments, this book explores how the historical memory of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) influenced the transition to democracy in Spain after Franco's death in 1975. The author traces the development of official discourse on the War throughout the Franco period and describes the régime's attempts to achieve political legitimacy. Although there was no universal consensus regarding the events of the Civil War, general agreement did exist concerning the main lesson which should be drawn from it: never again should Spaniards become embroiled in a fratricidal conflict.
THE LOGIC OF ENVIRONMENTALISM
Authors: Argyrou Vassos
Published: June 2024

Although modernity’s understanding of nature and culture has now been superseded by that of environmentalism, the power to define the meaning of both, and hence the meaning of the world itself, remains in the same (Western) hands. This bold argument is at the center of this provocative book that challenges the widespread assumption that environmentalism reflects a radical departure from modernity. Our perception of nature may have changed, the author maintains, but environmentalism remains a thoroughly modernist project. It reproduces the cultural logic of modernity, a logic that finds meaning in unity and therefore strives to efface difference, and to reconfirm the position of the West as the source of all legitimate signification.
TRADITIONS OF EAST ASIAN TRAVEL
Authors: Fogel Joshua A.
Published: June 2024

Although the topic of travel and travel writing by Chinese and Japanese writers has recently begun to attract more interest among scholars in the West, it remains largely virgin terrain with vast tracts awaiting scholarly examination. This book offers insights into how East Asians traveled in the early modern and modern periods, what they looked for, what they felt comfortable finding, and the ways in which they wrote up their impressions of these experiences.
INDEX ASSESSMENT OF THE PERIODONTAL TISSUE CONDITION IN MILITARY PERSONNEL OF THE UKRAINIAN ARMED FORCES WITH INFLAMMATORY AND DYSTROPHIC-INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES DEPENDING ON THEIR STRESS RESISTANCE AND LEVEL OF REACTIVE ANXIETY
Authors: Bilan V.O. , Bandrivsky Yu.L.
Published: June 2024

War has a negative impact not only on human mental health, but also manifests itself in an increase in the frequency and prevalence of pathology of organs and body systems, including the dentofacial system. One of the factors influencing the progressive growth of periodontal diseases is a high level of psychoemotional stress. Despite the large number of studies on stress, its role in the genesis of dental diseases has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the study of the relationship between psychoemotional state and periodontal diseases in military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is a timely and relevant subject of research.
The aim of the study – To evaluate the state of periodontal tissues in military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with inflammatory and dystrophic-inflammatory diseases depending on their stress resistance and level of reactive anxiety.
Materials and methods. Dental examination of military personnel of the Ukrainian Armed Forces was conducted on the basis of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of I. Gorbachevsky TNMU. On the basis of periodontal indices (PMA, PBI, PI, PSR) the state of periodontal tissues was evaluated in 22 military personnel with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, 42 military personnel with generalized periodontitis of the initial – I degree and 36 military personnel with GP of the II degree (main group), which were divided into 4 groups according to their stress resistance and level of reactive anxiety: Group I very high stress tolerance with low level of reactive anxiety; Group II high level of stress tolerance with low level of reactive anxiety; Group III threshold level of stress tolerance with moderate level of reactive anxiety; Group IV low level of stress tolerance with high level of reactive anxiety. The obtained results were compared with the data of 37 patients of civilian specialties with periodontal diseases (comparison group).
Results and discussion. As a result of the studies, it was found that in military personnel of the Ukrainian Armed Forces (main group), with an increase in psychoemotional stress, the values of periodontal indices increased, which, on average, were higher in CCG: PMA – 1,6 times, PBI – 2,0 times, PSR – 1,5 times, p<0.01; in initially I degree GP: PMA – by 1,4 times, PBI – by 2,1 times, PI – by 1,7 times, PSR – by 1,8 times; in grade II GP: PMA – by 1,5 times, PBI – by 1,4 times, PI – by 1,6 times, PSR – by 1,3 times, p<0.01, compared to similar values in the comparison group.
Conclusions. Thus, as a result of the research it was found that in military patients of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with increasing psychoemotional stress the state of periodontal tissues significantly deteriorated, which was confirmed by an increase in periodontal indices, indicating the need for comprehensive treatment of the initial II degree of GP.
FLAW DEFECTION ANALYSE OF THE SURFACE OF ACRYLIC BASE PLASTICS
Authors: Kurylo V.O. , Korol D.M. , Maliuchenko M.M. , Ramus A.M.
Published: June 2024

This study examines the possibility of assessing the quality of removable orthopedic devices by measuring the smoothness of their surfaces and detecting microscopic defects. The methodology involves comparing standard samples of the base material with samples that have been intentionally defective, using defectoscopy techniques for analysis. Initially, twenty samples of basic acrylic plastic were selected: half of them were perfectly machined to dental standards and the other half were intentionally scratched with sandpaper. These samples were then examined by macrophotography and analyzed using Image J software for quantitative image measurement.
This analysis provided numerical data on the polished surface's quality, focusing on metrics such as the total number of defects, and the average size and perimeter of these defects. Statistical evaluation through the JUSP program compared the two sets of samples, highlighting significant differences between them. From the most prominent data points provided by Image J, conclusions were made regarding the surface quality of the acrylic plastic and how it is affected by specific mechanical imperfections. This method of using optical flaw detection offers a new way to clinically evaluate the quality of detachable orthopedic devices (like base plastic) in terms of their susceptibility to bacterial buildup, which could lead to inflammation in the prosthetic bed's mucosal lining.
The use of flaw detection analysis allows for a general assessment of the quality of the material surface polishing, detection of surface defects in its structure that may occur during the production stage or during operation, thereby preventing areas of biofilm accumulation.
Light-optical flaw detection in the experiment proved its effectiveness and makes us pay attention to the prospects of its improvement and wider implementation in clinical practice.
ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE INVESTIGATION OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Shtybel D.V. , Kulinchenko R.V. , Dvornyk A.V.
Published: June 2024

Ultrasonography (USG) can be considered as a useful method for rapid screening of patients with suspected temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). It is necessary to select USG parameters of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the masticatory muscles (MM) with unambiguous interpretation and to standardize them (determine the norm and reference points of measurement).
Purpose of the study. To review the ultrasonographic parameters of the TMJ and masticatory muscles MM with unambiguous interpretation.
Materials and methods. An analysis of the literature was carried out by processing scientific and metric bases, from which 26 articles were selected.
Results. During the USG examination of the TMJ and MM, various parameters are determined, which
can be conditionally divided into parameters with an unambiguous interpretation, and those that cause controversy. Based on the analysis of the scientific and practical literature, as well as our own experience, USG parameters with an unambiguous interpretation were selected, namely, the width of the joint space, the amplitude of condylar translation, the thickness of the MM at rest and during compression, the percentage of thickening of MM, the position of the articular disc when closed and open mouth, movement of the condyle during opening and closing the mouth, clarity and uniformity of the width of the subchondral-cartilaginous complex of the condyle.
Conclusions. The literature review indicates an urgent need to standardize the USG protocol for TMJ and masticatory muscle examination by unifying clinically important USG parameters, determining their norm and gender characteristics.
Measuring the Effectiveness of Control Mechanisms in Regional Human Rights Systems – from Conception to Execution
Authors: Kowalski Jarosław
Published: June 2024

The lowest level of protection is ensured under the domestic law of individual countries. The aim of the article is to develop a methodology for measuring the effectiveness of control mechanisms functioning within regional human rights protection systems and to access this effectiveness with the use of the proposed solution. The control mechanism can be defined as a set of procedural and institutional norms ensuring the implementation of human rights and freedoms specified in a specific legal system. The effectiveness of control mechanisms in four regional systems was assessed in order to examine the existing level of human rights protection in Europe, America, Africa and the Arab countries. Based on the analysis of the selected criteria, it seems that the most effective system of regional protection of human rights remains the European system operating within the framework of the Council of Europe. This article might be a basis for further research aimed at determining the optimal level of such protection. By optimal level of protection, the author means the highest level that can be obtained today.
Wpływ pandemii koronawirusa na sytuację finansową branży budowlanej
Authors: Kraska Ewa Monika , Kot Janusz
Published: June 2024

Pandemia koronawirusa wywarła wpływ na przebieg procesów gospodarczych. Był on różny w poszczególnych gałęziach i branżach. Za główny cel w pracy przyjęto zbadanie wpływu pandemii koronawirusa na sytuację finansową branży budowlanej w Polsce. W artykule przeanalizowano kondycję finansową branży budowlanej w latach 2010–2022. Badaniami objęto wskaźniki z zakresu ogólnej charakterystyki branży, rentowności, płynności finansowej, zadłużenia i sprawności ekonomicznej. Do wyliczenia wskaźników wykorzystano dane zgromadzone w Banku Danych Lokalnych dotyczące wyników finansowych w branży budowlanej. Badania wykazały, że wpływ pandemii na kondycję finansową branży budowlanej w zakresie badanych wskaźników był odczuwalny, ale nie wpłynął on znacząco na branżę. Na podstawie wskaźników oceny kondycji finansowej można stwierdzić, że pomimo niesprzyjających warunków zewnętrznych i zmian uwarunkowań wewnętrznych (siła nabywcza ludności, zmiany w popycie, przerwane łańcuchy dostaw, tarcze ochronne w polityce gospodarczej państwa itp.) branża budowlana dostosowała się do nowych okoliczności gospodarowania w okresie pandemii.
İKİ TÜCCAR BİR ÇARŞI: BAFRA TÜTÜN ÇARŞISININ MEKANSAL TARİHİ
Authors: Taşar Vedia Derda
Published: June 2024

19. yüzyılda Osmanlı, dünya ekonomisine eklemlenmek için elindeki tüm ticari araçları değerlendirmiştir. Bu süreçte önemi giderek artan tütün, Osmanlı'nın ekonomik kalkınmasında etkin bir rol oynamıştır. Osmanlı tütün ticaretinin sürdürülebilir olması için kentsel mekânda pek çok uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Özellikle tütün ticaretinin daha yoğun şekilde yapılabildiği liman kentlerinde çarşılar, mağazalar ve pazar alanları inşa edilmesi bu uygulamalara örnektir. Bu Bağlamda Samsun’da da bir tütün çarşısı inşa edilmiştir. Merkez ilçede inşa edilen tütün çarşısının sağladığı faydaları gören tüccarlar, tütün üretiminin Samsun’da en fazla gerçekleştirildiği Bafra’da bir tütün çarşısı kurulması yönünde ortak bir istekle başvuruda bulunmuşlardır. Bu konuda günümüze ulaşan belgeler, Bafra’da tütün ticaretinin ne şekilde gerçekleştiği, bu ticaretin mekansal öğeleri ve kentsel mekânı etkileme şekli hakkında fikir vermektedir. Çalışmada bu belgelerden hareketle tütün çarşısının, fiziksel gereksinimleri, şehir içerisindeki yer seçim kriterleri ve kentsel biçimlenişte sahip olduğu etkin rol irdelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma Bafra tütün çarşısının mekansal tarihini ve kent ile etkileşimini aydınlatmaktadır.
KIRSAL EV GİRİŞLERİNİN SÜRMENE-GÜLTEPE KÖYÜ ÖRNEĞİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Dinçer Sevde , Kılıçaslan Hare
Published: June 2024

Hem kentsel hem de kırsal alanlardaki en önemli yapı elemanlarından biri girişlerdir. Yapıların kimliğini oluşturan unsurlardan biri olan girişler; fiziksel, psikolojik ve kültürel etmenler doğrultusunda tasarlanan geçiş elemanlarıdır. Girişler, yapıya fiziksel erişim sağlayan noktalar olmasının yanı sıra, bulundukları bölgenin kültürel mirasını ve kimliğini yansıtan sembollerdir. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz’in kırsal kesiminde yer alan Sürmene-Gültepe Köyü’nde, geleneksel ev mimarisini yansıtan özgün örnekleri içeren altı evin giriş kurgusu değerlendirilmektedir. Evlerin giriş kurgusunun ve kapılarının ayrıntılı olarak analiz edilmesi sonucunda, ana girişlerin konum ve boyut olarak diğer girişlere oranla öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Evlerde bahçe kapısı, ahır kapısı ve misafir odası kapılarının varlığı ise değişiklik göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak evlerin giriş mekânlarının biçimlenmesinde iklim ve topoğrafya başta olmak üzere sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik faktörlerin de etkili olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Ancak günümüzde değişen işlevsel koşullar nedeniyle gerçekleştirilen onarım ve yenilemelerin evlerin girişlerini yöreye özgü niteliklerden uzaklaştırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Kırsal alanlardaki evlerin girişleri yörenin mimari karakterinin ve özgünlüğünün sürdürebilmesinde ve çevresel/kültürel bağlamının korunarak yansıtılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.
THE SHAHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION (SCO) AND THE IMPACT OF RUSSIA-CHINA RIVALRY IN CENTRAL ASIA
Authors: Tüfekçi Özgür
Published: June 2024

The SCO was initially organised as the Shanghai Five in 1996. Along with Uzbekistan’s membership in 2001, it was renamed the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The SCO includes members of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, India, and Iran. The SCO has Belarus, Mongolia, and Afghanistan as observer states and Türkiye, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Armenia, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE, Bahrain, Nepal, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Cambodia as dialogue partners. The main aim of the Organisation is to strengthen mutual trust and friendship between the Member States.
The SCO has deliberately restricted its own authority so that it lacks the power to enforce any specific actions on its members. This statement accurately portrays the situation since the two primary powers of the organisation - China and Russia, who were founding members - have conflicting plans for the area. Any effort that benefits one of them at the cost of the other is certain to fail. The tensions arising from the competition between these two powers will inevitably increase as their own power surpasses that of a declining America. This weakening threat, which initially solidified their alliance of convenience, combined with various shocks during this delicate transition period, will almost certainly result in the complete disappearance of any form of cooperation between the two powers. In this case, the study aims to identify the role of the Russia-China rivalry in Central Asia through the activities of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
Repentance and Keeping the Commandments as a Basis for Knowledge of God according to the teaching of Archimandrite Sophrony Sakharov
Authors: Буянов Александр Юрьевич
Published: June 2024

В данной статье излагается учение о покаянии и хранении заповедей в деле познания Бога подвижника благочестия XX века архимандрита Софрония (Сахарова). Как проходит подвиг покаяния и хранения заповедей и каким образом он приближает человека к Богу и к людям? Исследовав труды архимандрита Софрония и монографии исследователей наследия старца, был получен ответ на данный вопрос, который представлен в статье. Для старца эти подвиги важны, прежде всего, тем, что они приобщают подвижника к жизни самого Господа Иисуса Христа. Христианин становится способным проводить жизнь в личном единстве как с Богом, так и с людьми.

This article presents the doctrine of repentance and keeping the commandments in the knowledge of God of the 20th century ascetic of piety, Archimandrite Sophrony (Sakharov). How is the feat of repentance and keeping the commandments and how does it bring a person closer to God and to people? Having studied the works of Archimandrite Sophrony and monographs of researchers of the elder's heritage, an answer to this question was obtained, which is presented in the article. For the elder these feats are important, first of all, because they bring the ascetic to the life of the Lord Jesus Christ Himself. The Christian becomes able to lead a life of personal unity both with God and with people.Abstract
Uji Padatan Tersuspensi Total (TSS) Pada Sampel Air Limbah Sawit Secara Gravimetri
Authors: Hermansyah M. Hapiz , Panca Putri Yunita , Arif Setiawan Andi , Eddy Syaiful , Jumingin Jumingin , Saputra Wahyu
Published: June 2024

Palm oil liquid waste is a pollutant that has the potential to cause negative effects on the environment. This industrial waste is known to cause pollution, especially in water bodies. Through analysis of the chemical composition of TSS, the type of solid material dissolved in liquid waste can be identified. Gravimetry is an examination of the amount of a substance by weighing the results of the precipitation reaction. This research aims to determine the amount of suspended solids in palm oil wastewater using the gravimetric method. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the highest Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value was obtained for sample A, namely 15.274 mg/L, sample B, namely 58.2 mg/L and sample C 57.1 mg/L. So the results can be stated that the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value in palm oil wastewater is still below the quality standards contained in the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 05 of 2014.
Pengembangan E-Modul Geometri Menggunakan Konteks Bangunan Masjid
Authors: Afgani Muhammad Win , Paradesa Retni , Ceria R. Evenda , Utari Septi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar berupa e-modul pada materi geomteri yang valid, praktis dan memiliki efek potensial. Penelitian ini menggunakan konteks bangunan masjid. E-modul ini memuat audio visual yang dikemas dengan menarik menggunakan aplikasi Canva dan memudahkan peserta didik untuk memahami materi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) berdasarkan model penelitian ADDIE. Tahapan yang dilakukan yaitu Fase analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 34 peserta didik kelas IX, SMP Negeri di Palembang dan Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini menghasilkan (1) E-modul dengan kriteria “Sangat Valid” dilihat dari aspek konten materi, desain dan kualitas teknik, (2) E-modul dengan kriteria “Sangat Praktis” dilihat dari aspek kejelasan, daya tarik, ketelitian, efektivitas, daya tarik implementasi, penerimaan pengguna dan daya terap, dan (3) E-modul yang mempunyai efek potensial dengan nilai rata-rata nilai 73,3 di tahap uji coba terbatas kategori “Sedang”, rata-rata nilai 79,96 di tahap kelompok kecil kategori “Sedang” dan rata-rata nilai 87,1  di tahap kelompok besar kategori “Tinggi” dilihat dari hasil jawaban peserta didik terhadap penilaian melalui 4 indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah yakni memahami masalah, merencanakan penyelesaian, menyelesaikan masalah sesuai rencana dan melakukan pengecekan kembali.
At Shores of a Vanishing Sea: Microbial Communities of Aral and Southern Aral Sea Region
Authors: Chernyh N. A. , Merkel A. Yu. , Kondrasheva K. V. , Alimov Zh. E. , Klyukina A. A. , Bonch-Osmolovskaya E. A. , Slobodkin A. I. , Davranov K. D.
Published: June 2024

Since the early 60s of the 20th century, as a result of agricultural development in the irrigated areas of Uzbekistan, the area of the Aral Sea has decreased by 90%, while the water salinity has increased from 1% to 20%. The aim of our work was to investigate the diversity of microbial communities of water and sediments of the Western Aral Sea, as well as of the adjacent soils and reservoirs using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes variable V4 region. It was found that the Aral Sea water with a salinity of 22% was dominated by uncultured Archaea of the family Haloferacaceae (22‒43%), as well as by bacteria of the genera Spiribacter and Psychroflexus. In the Aral Sea sediments the share of archaea was much lower (2‒17%), and among them the uncultured Woesearchaeales predominated. Among bacteria, dominating in Aral sediments, there were sulfate reducers of the phylum ‘Desulfobacterota’, as well as representatives of the genera Fusibacter, Halanaerobium, Guyparkeria, Marinobacter, Idiomarina and Thiomicrospira. In soil samples of the former Aral Sea bed with salinity of 8.2%, a variety of archaea of the phylum Halobacterota were present, as well as uncultured bacteria of the family Nitrosococcaceae. However, in the rhizosphere of Ewresmann’s teresken plant (Kraschennininikovia ewresmanniana) growing there, archaea accounted for only 4% and mainly represented the family Nitrososphearaceae. 33% of all prokaryotes in the rhizosphere microbiome were the uncultured representatives of the phylum Actinomycetota. The microbial community of the teresken rhizosphere turned out to be similar to the microbial communities of the soil of the Ustyurt plateau, located in 3 km from the Aral Sea shore. The fresh water flowing along the former Aral Sea bed from an artificially drilled well also causes significant changes in the microbial communities: cyanobacterial mats and associated organotrophic bacteria develop along the stream bed with the increasing salinity (0.5‒2%). Finally, the greatest diversity of prokaryotes was found in the microbial community of Sudochie Lake sediment with salinity of 1%, which is probably a modern analogue of the Aral Sea microbiome before its shallowing.
Chitin Degradation by Microbial Communities of the Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea
Authors: Dukat A. M. , Kuznetsova A. M. , Klyagin S. D. , Trushin V. O. , Klyukina A. A. , Elcheninov A. G. , Danilova I. V.
Published: June 2024

Chitin is among the most widespread biopolymers on Earth and occurs in high quantities in the exoskeletons of marine invertebrates. Chitinolytic bacteria are therefore typical components of marine ecosystems and play an important part in chitin biodegradation. The Kandalaksha Gulf area near the White Sea Biological Station, Moscow State University, which is inhabited by numerous invertebrates, is a promising site for the isolation of such bacteria. The composition of environmental prokaryotic communities and of enrichment cultures grown on chitin was determined, and pure cultures of active chitinolytics were isolated and identified as Pseudoalteromonas undina and Vibrio alginolyticus. The chitinolytic potential of the genera predominant in enrichment cultures was assessed; these may include previously unknown chitinolytic microorganisms.
Quality of care and patient safety in the clinical laboratory process
Authors: Palomino Castillo Ángel Antonio , Saldaña Sánchez Gabriela Antonieta , Rodriguez Peñafiel Alexandre
Published: June 2024

This study is part of a result of the research project Prevention and control of adverse events in the pre-analytical phase of the clinical laboratory process at the Hospital León Becerra of Guayaquil. It is focused on offering a theoretical, analytical and comparative contribution of previous research carried out at the León Becerra Hospital in Guayaquil. Principle of the form The general objective of this work is to evaluate the quality of care in the clinical laboratory processes of different studies and to provide feedback for the quality of care and patient safety in the clinical laboratory process.
КОМУНІКАЦІЙНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ ТА АДМІНІСТРУВАННІ
Authors: ЄРМОЛЕНКО Оксана , МЕЛЬНИК Вікторія
Published: June 2024

The article shows that communication in administrative systems has a public and legal purpose and regulates the movement of individual administrative subjects to the social community while preserving a certain degree of autonomy, independence, self-determination, and individuality of these subjects. The authors emphasize that regardless of the form of communication, the communication process plays a vital role in public administration. It was found that communication processes in public administration include elements such as administrative bodies and communities, communications, messages, information barriers, and feedback. It was determined that if the external communication of state administration is aimed at influencing civil society, receiving recommendations from society representatives, and adjusting positions, internal communication absorbs the entire administrative system from the inside and is the primary driving force in making major management decisions. It turned out to be a key driving force in management decision-making. This article analyzes the properties of communications in public administration. It is noted that communication is the exchange of information between two subjects. For public administration bodies, feedback is an essential element of communication activity, which emphasizes the transition from one-way notification of citizens about government actions to two-way communication - "civil society - government - civil society". It has been demonstrated that communication should ensure the effective exchange of information between the subject of management and the object of management, establish communication channels for the exchange of information between individual personnel and groups, adjust and arrange information flows to improve relations between communication subjects at different levels in the process of information exchange. It is emphasized that there are many different communication channels in the administrative system, and it is difficult to determine which are the most important and necessary.
Z dziejów przedostatniego bezkrólewia. Sprawa aukcji wojska w koronnych instrukcjach sejmikowych przed Sejmem konwokacyjnym 1733 roku
Authors: Tomaszewski Michał
Published: June 2024

This article concerns the attitude of the Crown nobility towards the idea of an army auction during the interregnum of 1733. Based on parliamentary instructions to the convocation Sejm, an attempt was made to reconstruct the views of the Crown nobility concerning the demand to increase the armed forces of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth. The first part of the text refers directly to the views of the Crown nobility regarding the idea of auctions, whilst the second part deals with financial issues as well as fiscal and military projects presented in the acts of the sejmiks. The article includes two charts and one table that provide a graphical presentation of the research results.
W kręgu mitu dwóch wrogów. Aktywność bojowa Brygady Świętokrzyskiej Narodowych Sił Zbrojnych na terenie Generalnego Gubernatorstwa w świetle dokumentów Wehrmachtu
Authors: Wójcik Bartosz
Published: June 2024

The image of the intense armed activity of the Holy Cross Mountains Brigade (Brygada Świętokrzyska) of the National Armed Forces (Narodowe Siły Zbrojne, NSZ), which has been dominant in the literature of the last three decades and was directed against both the Germans and the communists, was based on Polish accounts. However, surviving Wehrmacht documents fundamentally question the previously held assumptions. This material shows that the anti-German effort of the NSZ unit was downright symbolic. However, the occupation structures appreciated the Brigade’s disproportionate achievements in combating the communist underground.