bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can regret prompt compensatory health behaviors? Findings from a clustered randomized trial with physically active adults
Authors: Byrka Katarzyna , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Abraham Charles
Published: February 2019

Background

Failure to resist temptation may make people experience an action-control emotion of regret. We explored whether evoking regret after participants’ failure to attend physical exercise sessions would prompt them to undertake compensatory behaviors of different sorts.

Participants and procedure

Physically active men and women (N = 133) were invited to attend a 6-session fitness course. Using cluster randomization, participants were assigned either to the experimental group with a regret-evoking message after they failed to show up at a fitness session (n = 69), or the control group, which did not receive the regret-evoking message (n = 64). After missing any of the first five fitness sessions participants reported whether they had engaged in compensatory health behaviors during the preceding 24 hours. Data were collected at pre-test, post-test, and after each missed fitness session.

Results

Linear mixed-effects analysis showed no effects of the regret manipulation on compensatory behaviors such as physical activity, nutrition, or substance use avoidance. However, the manipulation resulted in lower levels of engagement in socializing behaviors.

Conclusions

The results suggest that people engage in compensatory behaviors after a lapse in physical exercise. Evoked regret may serve to a limited extent as a means to prompt compensatory behaviors.
“They called me a terrorist”: Social and internalized stigma in Latino youth with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Crespo-Ramos Gladys , Cumba-Avilés Eduardo , Quiles-Jiménez Martha
Published: February 2019

Background

Diabetes-related stigma (DRS) globally affects patients’ lives. Over a third of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Puerto Rico reported concerns of others knowing about their diabetes and about being different.

Participants and procedure

We examined DRS among 65 T1D Latino youth (aged 12-17). During a depression-treatment study screening, they answered open-ended questions about diabetes-related concerns/difficulties and issues bothering them while interacting with peers, family, and healthcare professionals because of T1D. Using content analysis, we classified responses into Social stigma (SS), Internalized stigma (IS), and No stigma. Four SS and IS sub-categories were developed.

Results

After coding, inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s κ) ranged from 0.73 to 1.00 (p < .001). Forty-four youth (67.69%) reported at least one DRS verbalization, and 25 reported more than one. Both SS and IS were identified in 32 (49.23%) adolescents. Among SS experiences were: “they call me a junkie [because of insulin shots]”; “they call me a terrorist [because of the insulin pump]”. IS verbalizations included: “I’ve never wanted to accept that I have T1D, so I don’t practice good self-care”; “at times I do not feel the same as others”. We found more stigma-related verbalizations among those from urban zones or larger families. DRS was related to increased depressive symptoms and risk of a depressive disorder. Peers were the main source of SS.

Conclusions

DRS was common, pervasive, and linked to depression. This study innovatively examines DRS in an exclusively T1D Latino and adolescent sample. Understanding its extent and nature is essential for developing interventions to address DRS.
Tattoos yesterday and today in the Polish population in the decade 2004–2014
Authors: Jaworska Katarzyna , Fijałkowska Marta , Antoszewski Bogusław
Published: February 2019

Background

The fashion for tattooing the body is becoming increasingly widespread. It seems that both the structure and role of factors motivating individuals to obtain tattoos have changed in recent years. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that factors encouraging tattooing and the meaning of tattoos have evolved, leading to some significant recent changes.

Participants and procedure

The participants were individuals of Polish ethnicity aged 16-67 years, having at least one tattoo. The first survey, conducted in 2004, encompassed 100 subjects, while the second one, in 2014, involved 200 subjects. Both groups of respondents answered questions about the functions of tattoos and the factors motivating them to obtain a tattoo, as well as expressing their opinions about individuals with body art.

Results

In the studied decade we found a rise in the number of tattooed women, with tattoos being primarily perceived as an art form and a way to express one’s personality, aid self-enhancement, and improve one’s sexual attractiveness. Currently, tattooing more seldom serves as a provocation, self-identification, a mark of subculture affiliation, or a way to enhance self-esteem.

Conclusions

The functions of tattooing have been rapidly changing. The use among women causes that the perception of tattooing is changing and becoming less aggressive. The mass media insistently promote the fashion for tattoos, which is why this form of body art is becoming more and more popular.
Deriving tropospheric ozone from assimilated profiles
Authors: van Peet Jacob C. A. , van der A Ronald J.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. To derive global tropospheric O3 columns from satellite observations, O3 profiles retrieved from GOME-2A and OMI measurements were simultaneously assimilated into the TM5 global chemistry transport model for the year 2008. The horizontal model resolution has been increased by a factor of 6 for more accurate results, but to reduce computational cost, the number of model layers has been reduced from 44 to 31. The model ozone fields are used to derive tropospheric ozone, which is defined here as the partial column between mean sea level and 6 km altitude. Two methods for calculating the tropospheric columns from the free model run and assimilate O3 fields are compared. In the first method, we calculate the residual between assimilated total columns and the partial model column between 6 km and the top of atmosphere. In the second method, we perform a direct integration of the assimilated O3 fields between the surface and 6 km. The results are validated against tropospheric columns derived from ozone sonde measurements. It turned out that the residual method has a too large variation to be used reliably for the determination of tropospheric ozone, so the direct integration method has been used instead. The median global bias is smaller for the assimilated O3 fields than for the free model run, but the large variation makes it difficult to make definitive statements on a regional or local scale. The monthly mean ozone fields show significant improvements and more detail when comparing the assimilated O3 fields with the free model run, especially for features such as biomass burning enhanced O3 concentrations and outflow of O3 rich air from Asia over the Pacific.
Cloud macro-physical properties in Saharan dust laden and dust free North Atlantic trade wind regimes: A lidar study
Authors: Gutleben Manuel , Groß Silke , Wirth Martin
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Saharan dust is known to have an important impact on the atmospheric radiation budget, both directly and indirectly by changing cloud properties. However, up to now it is still an open question if elevated and long-range transported Saharan dust layers have an effect on subjacent marine trade wind cloud occurrence. Shallow trade wind clouds have a significant impact on the Earth's radiation budget and still introduce large uncertainties in climate sensitivity estimates, because of their poor representation in climate models. The Next-generation Aircraft Remote-Sensing for Validation studies (NARVAL) aimed at providing a better understanding of shallow marine trade wind clouds and their interplay with long-range transported elevated Saharan dust layers. Two airborne campaigns were conducted – the first one in December 2013 and the second one in August 2016; the latter one during the peak season of transatlantic Saharan dust transport. Airborne lidar measurements in the vicinity of Barbados performed during the second field campaign are used to investigate possible differences between shallow marine cloud macro-physical properties in dust-free regions and regions comprising elevated Saharan dust layers. The cloud top height distribution derived in dust-laden regions differs from the one derived in dust-free regions and indicates that clouds are shallower and convective development is suppressed. Furthermore, regions comprising elevated Saharan dust layers show a larger fraction of small clouds and larger cloud free regions, compared to dust-free regions. The cloud fraction in dusty regions is only 14 % compared to a fraction of 31 % in dust-free regions. Moreover, a decreasing trend of cloud fractions and cloud top heights with increasing dust layer vertical extent as well as aerosol optical depth is found.
Local air pollution from oil rig emissions observed during the
airborne DACCIWA campaign
Authors: Brocchi Vanessa , Krysztofiak Gisèle , Deroubaix Adrien , Stratmann Greta , Sauer Daniel , Schlager Hans , Deetz Konrad , Dayma Guillaume , Robert Claude , Chevrier Stéphane , Catoire Valéry
Published: February 2019

Abstract. In the framework of the European DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project, the airborne study APSOWA (Atmospheric Pollution from Shipping and Oil platforms of West Africa) was conducted in July 2016 to study oil rig emissions off the Gulf of Guinea. Two flights in the marine boundary layer were focused on the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel operating off the coast of Ghana. Those flights present simultaneous sudden increases of NO2 and aerosols concentrations. Unlike what can be found in flaring emission inventories, no increase in SO2 was detected and an increase in CO is observed only during one of the two flights. Using FLEXPART simulations in forward trajectory mode, our study reproduced the timing of the aircraft NO2 enhancements. We used a regional NO2 satellite flaring inventory in the simulations, which showed an overall good estimate of flaring emission. Several sensitivity tests on the flux and the injection height were also performed to better reproduce the measurements.
Estimation of rate coefficients and branching ratios for reactions of
organic peroxy radicals for use in automated mechanism
construction
Authors: Jenkin Michael E. , Valorso Richard , Aumont Bernard , Rickard Andrew R.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Organic peroxy radicals (RO2), formed from the degradation of hydrocarbons and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs), play a key role in tropospheric oxidation mechanisms. Several competing reactions may be available for a given RO2 radical, the relative rates of which depend on both the structure of RO2 and the ambient conditions. Published kinetics and branching ratio data are reviewed for the bimolecular reactions of RO2 with NO, NO2, NO3, OH and HO2; and for their self-reactions and cross-reactions with other RO2 radicals. This information is used to define generic rate coefficients and structure-activity relationship (SAR) methods that can be applied to the bimolecular reactions of a series of important classes of hydrocarbon and oxygenated RO2 radical. Information for selected unimolecular isomerization reactions (i.e. H-atom shift and ring-closure reactions) is also summarised and discussed. The methods presented here are intended to guide the representation of RO2 radical chemistry in the next generation of explicit detailed chemical mechanisms.
Magnetodisc modelling in Jupiter's magnetosphere using Juno magnetic field data and the paraboloid magnetic field model
Authors: Pensionerov Ivan A. , Belenkaya Elena S. , Cowley Stanley W. H. , Alexeev Igor I. , Kalegaev Vladimir V. , Parunakian David A.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. One of the main features of Jupiter's magnetosphere is its equatorial
magnetodisc, which significantly increases the field strength and size of the
magnetosphere. Analysis of Juno measurements of the magnetic field during the
first 10 orbits covering the dawn to pre-dawn sector of the magnetosphere
(∼03:30–06:00 local time) has allowed us to determine optimal parameters of the
magnetodisc using the paraboloid magnetospheric magnetic field model, which
employs analytic expressions for the magnetospheric current systems.
Specifically, within the model we determine the size of the Jovian
magnetodisc and the magnetic field strength at its outer edge.
Modeling forest evapotranspiration and water balance at stand and
catchment scales: a spatial approach
Authors: Launiainen Samuli , Guan Mingfu , Salmivaara Aura , Kieloaho Antti-Jussi
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Vegetation is known to have strong influence on evapotranspiration (ET), a major component of terrestrial water balance. Yet hydrological models often describe ET by methods unable to sufficiently include the variability of vegetation characteristics in their predictions. To take advantage of increasing availability of high-resolution open GIS-data on land use, vegetation and soil characteristics in the boreal zone, a modular, spatially distributed model for upscaling ET and other hydrological processes from a grid cell to a catchment level is presented and validated. An improved approach to upscale stomatal conductance to canopy scale using information on plant type (conifer / deciduous) and stand leaf-area index (LAI) is proposed by coupling a common leaf-scale stomatal conductance model with a simple canopy radiation transfer scheme. Further, a generic parametrization for vegetation and snow-related hydrological processes for Nordic boreal forests is derived based on literature and data from a boreal FluxNet site. With the generic parametrization, the model was shown to well reproduce daily ET measured by eddy-covariance technique at ten conifer-dominated Nordic forests whose LAI ranged from 0.2 to 6.8 m2 m−2. Topography, soil and vegetation properties at 21 small boreal headwater catchments in Finland were derived from open GIS-data at 16 x 16 m grid size to upscale water balance from a stand to catchment level. The predictions of annual ET and specific discharge were successful in all catchments, located from 60 to 68° N, and daily discharge also reasonably well predicted by calibrating only one parameter against discharge data measurements. The role of vegetation heterogeneity on soil moisture and partitioning of ET was demonstrated. The proposed approach can support e.g. in forest trafficability forecasting and predicting the impacts of climate change and forest management on stand and catchment water balance. With appropriate parametrization it can be generalized outside the boreal coniferous forests.
Four decades of Antarctic surface elevation changes from multi-mission satellite altimetry
Authors: Schröder Ludwig , Horwath Martin , Dietrich Reinhard , Helm Veit , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Ligtenberg Stefan R. M.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. We developed a multi-mission satellite altimetry analysis over the Antarctic
Ice Sheet which comprises Seasat, Geosat, ERS-1, ERS-2, Envisat, ICESat and
CryoSat-2. After a consistent reprocessing and a stepwise calibration of the
inter-mission offsets, we obtained monthly grids of multi-mission surface
elevation change (SEC) with respect to the reference epoch
09/2010 (in the format of month/year) from 1978 to 2017. A validation with independent elevation
changes from in situ and airborne observations as well as a comparison with a
firn model proves that the different missions and observation modes have been
successfully combined to a seamless multi-mission time series. For coastal
East Antarctica, even Seasat and Geosat provide reliable information and,
hence, allow for the analysis of four decades of elevation changes. The
spatial and temporal resolution of our result allows for the identification
of when and where significant changes in elevation occurred. These time
series add detailed information to the evolution of surface elevation in such
key regions as Pine Island Glacier, Totten Glacier, Dronning Maud Land or
Lake Vostok. After applying a density mask, we calculated time series of mass
changes and found that the Antarctic Ice Sheet north of 81.5∘ S was
losing mass at an average rate of -85±16 Gt yr−1 between 1992 and
2017, which accelerated to -137±25 Gt yr−1 after 2010.
Memória institucional e preservação da informação: a preservação digital da Revista do Fisco
Authors: Ribeiro Josino de Carvalho , Lima Izabel França de , Silva Leyde Klebia Rodrigues da
Published: February 2019

Objetivo. Apresenta o projeto de “Digitalização e preservação da informação: resgatando a memória da AFRAFEP, por meio da digitalização da Revista do Fisco” desenvolvido pela Associação dos auditores fiscais do Estado da Paraíba, realizado com o objetivo de preservar a memória institucional da Associação através das práticas de recuperação, tratamento e disseminação da informação no contexto digital se configura como objeto de estudo. Especificamente, pretendeu-se: identificar as etapas do projeto de digitalização e preservação da revista do Fisco; descrever cada etapa do projeto de acordo com as atividades realizadas e analisar as ferramentas utilizadas para a preservação e disseminação da informação da revista.Método. A metodologia utilizada foi a abordagem quanti/qualitativa, de caráter descritiva e exploratória. O universo da pesquisa foi a Associação dos auditores fiscais do Estado da Paraíba – AFRAFEP. A coleta de dados teve como base a pesquisa documental que se constituiu da leitura do projeto e dos relatórios desenvolvidos no período de 2012 a 2013.Resultados. Os dados obtidos possibilitaram a descrição das etapas realizadas no decorrer do projeto, divulgação do projeto. Nas considerações finais apresenta discussões sobre a importância da recuperação, digitalização e disseminação do acervo da Revista do Fisco para a instituição e para a sociedade paraibana.
The Mind’s Dynamism in Chinese Catholic Theology: A Comparative Study of Metaphysics and Knowledge in the Thought of Wang Yangming and Joseph Maréchal
Authors: Wong Stephanie
Published: February 2019

As a particular case study of “world Christianity,” this article seeks to develop a Chinese Catholic epistemological foundation for the Church’s theological quest to know God. It is a comparative study of the thought of Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yangming (1472–1529) and the Belgian Jesuit Joseph Maréchal. I demonstrate how both thinkers affirm the subjective contribution of the human mind in any act of knowing while still maintaining that any accurate or moral knowledge participates in a higher order of ontological being. The agreements between Wang’s Neo-Confucian and Maréchal’s Transcendental Thomist theories of mind make for a fruitful convergence of the Chinese and Catholic intellectual traditions, from which Chinese theology can contribute to the worldwide Church’s understanding of God.
Unpacking “Youth” and “Religiosity” in Being Catholic (2016)
Authors: Castillo Rosa Cordillera A.
Published: February 2019

This response to Being Catholic in the Contemporary Philippines proceeds in three parts. Part 1 summarizes the contents of Cornelio’s book, which complicates popular assumptions and academic literature on contemporary Catholicism and, more specifically, religiosity among a segment of Filipino youths. Part 2 explores the book’s strengths, particularly how it provides a deeper understanding of contemporary Catholicism, religious identity, and the status of religious institutions among youth believers in the urban Philippines. Part 3 is a discussion of some of the book’s weaknesses, such as methodological limitations, problems with homogenization and generalization, and the need for a more critical appraisal of notions such as “the youth,” “religion,” “creative Catholics,” “isolated generation,” and “emotions.” I also discuss in the third part how insights from the anthropology of Islam and of Muslim youths, and my ethnography in the Cotabato region, can converse with Cornelio’s work and complicate “youth,” “religion,” creativity in/and religiosity, and youths’ political subjectivities.
Learning the Code of Plural
Authors: Maclochlainn Scott
Published: February 2019

Jayeel S. Cornelio explores the practices of the religiously plural within a single denomination, as well as the institutional pushes and pulls that result from this plurality, an overlooked space within the study of religious practice. This response, framed within an overarching theme of religious plurality, briefly engages two points that emerge from the text: (1) institutional formations within Catholicism, and (2) the codes of religious affiliation. It describes how Cornelio explores the dividing lines of institutionality and orthodoxy, on the one hand, and creativity and heterodoxy, on the other, and explores how “creative Catholics” engage and constitute new codes of religious plurality in the Philippines.
Young People, Being Catholic, and Religious Change in the Philippines: A Response to Critics
Authors: Cornelio Jayeel
Published: February 2019

This article is a response to the comments offered by Giovanni Maltese, Peter Bräunlein, Rosa Cordillera A. Castillo, and Scott MacLochlainn on the book Being Catholic in the Contemporary Philippines: Young People Reinterpreting Religion. It addresses several areas including the limits and potential of conducting research on religious identity and the book’s arguments about reflexive spirituality and individualization. It ends by reflecting on the urgency of assessing religious change in the Philippines, which involves diversification and the rise of militant Christianity.
Does Smokers’ Self-Construal Moderate the Effect of (Self-)persuasion on Smoking?
Authors: Li Shuang , Ritter Simone M. , Bi Chongzeng , Van Baaren Rick , Müller Barbara C. N.
Published: February 2019

Research has shown that self-persuasion is more effective in increasing smokers’ risk perception and decreasing short-term smoking behavior compared to the traditional direct persuasion. However, the role of self-construal, which is closely associated with how one perceives persuasive messages, is not explored. The current research filled this gap by introducing self-construal to the self-persuasion literature to investigate its potential moderating role. Throughout five studies, we measured daily smokers’ chronic self-construal (Study 1–3), selected smokers with different culturally-nurtured self-construal (Study 4), and primed situational self-construal (Study 5) to examine the role of self-construal in regard to smokers’ cognition, attitude, and short-term smoking behavior, after being targeted by direct- or self-persuasion. Health warnings on cigarette packages and text regarding the negative consequences of smoking were used as direct persuasive messages. Adapted versions of health warnings and an argumentation task were used to induce self-persuasion. Null results were obtained from most of the studies. The overall support for the null hypothesis, however, remains weak and needs to be further verified. Limitations and future research direction are discussed.
Contrast-provoked myasthenic crisis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Kar Yue Ngan David , Hyemin Moon Helen
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis is a disease of the neuromuscular junctions in which antibodies target the acetylcholine receptors of the postsynaptic membranes, causing skeletal muscle weakness and fatigability. Myasthenic crisis is an acute exacerbation of these symptoms that requires non-invasive ventilatory support or intubation. Only a few case reports exist of such episodes following administration of radiographic contrast for computed tomography.

Case Report: A patient with poorly-controlled symptoms of myasthenia gravis was administered intravenous contrast during computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiogram. Following contrast injection, the patient became nauseated and acutely hypoxic, followed by respiratory arrest and intubation. Clinical examination and nerve conduction studies were subsequently consistent with myasthenic crisis, which resolved completely with treatment.

Conclusion: Our review of existing literature of contrast-precipitated myasthenic crisis finds no conclusive link between contrast type and severity of reaction, but is limited by inconsistencies in reporting. Further examination is required to determine the risk to patients with myasthenia gravis from contrast exposure.
Persistent low back pain reveals a massive non-ruptured aortic abdominal aneurysm: A case report
Authors: Vaz Lourenco Jorge , Marques Ricardo , Marado Daniela , Rodrigues Adriano
Published: February 2019

A 62-year-old man presented with an insidious low back pain that radiated to both knees. A pulsatile abdominal mass was detected on physical examination. Imaging study identified a pararenal aortic abdominal aneurysm measuring 20 cm long and with a caliber of 10 cm. The aneurysm was surgically repaired. The patient survived the procedure and has shown a positive recovery.
Femoral artery dissection and ileum perforation caused by a camel bite: A case report
Authors: Sheleh Hussein , Abduljawad Nawras , Moustafa Rama , Nayeem Asim , Chatha Hamid , Jaiganesh Thiagarajan
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Camel bites constitute a relatively rare type of animal bite-related injuries, which tend to occur mainly in some regions of the developing world. Although they often leave trivial bite marks on the surface, they can be associated with a serious damage to tissues and a high rate of infection.

Case Report: A 60-year-old male presented to our emergency department few hours after being bitten by a camel in the right lower abdomen. His chief complaint was severe abdominal pain. He was found on examination to have decreased pulses in the right lower limb. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen with intravenous contrast revealed a filling defect in the right common femoral artery and free air in the peritoneum. The vascular and general surgeons on-call were consulted and the patient was shifted to the operation room, where exploration of the right groin showed dissection of the common femoral artery and clots in the superficial femoral and profunda femoris arteries. This was followed by an exploratory laparotomy that identified a perforation of the ileum. Both injuries were repaired successfully and the patient was discharged seven days later in a good condition.

Conclusion: When approaching a patient with this type of bites, it’s paramount to remember that small puncture wounds on the skin could be lying on top of a life-threatening detriment.
Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen auf Märkten für börsennotierte Aktien und Aktienderivate
Authors: Wessling Hendrik
Published: February 2019

For a long time, markets for listed stocks and listed stock derivatives have been regarded as immune to competition restrictions or distortions. This dissertation disproves this generally accepted theory and shows that numerous anticompetitive practices can and do occur in this segment of financial markets. Its comprehensive analysis includes market cornering, agreements that restrict supply in initial public offerings and instances of coordinated market manipulation. It considers the latest empirical findings relating to capital markets and, since it refers to the point at which antitrust law and capital markets law overlap, also examines the relationship between both legal fields. Using the example of coordinated market manipulation, the author ultimately analyses sanctions and damage claims arising from parallel violations of antitrust law and capital markets law.
Structures and Mechanisms of Air-Entraining Quasi-Steady Breaking Ship Waves
Authors: Hendrickson Kelli , Yue Dick K.-P.
Published: February 2019

The overall objective of this study is to develop a fundamental understanding of the quasi-steady breaking wave regions present in surface ship wakes. Our approach uses direct numerical simulation (DNS) and implicit large eddy simulation. Building on our previous efforts looking at three-dimensional canonical dry transom sterns, we focus on the flow structure, air entrainment, and incompressible highly variable density turbulent characteristics in the wake of a fully submerged lifting body. This article represents the first steps of this study. Here, we perform DNS of the wake of a fully submerged lifting body with constant forward speed. Depending on the geometry and flow conditions, the wake of the submerged body contains a quasi-steady breaking-wave region downstream of the body that entrains air. We show that the simulations accurately predict the force and vortex wake frequency of the submerged body. Lagrangian analysis of the wake shows a frequency of peak entrainment that aligns with the frequency of the vortex wake. Finally, we establish that the power law of the air cavity density spectrum during the peak entrainment periods is predicted by r−10/3, consistent with experiments and theory.

1. Introduction

Air-entraining quasi-steady breaking waves are prominent and highly observable features associated with surface ships and (nearsurface) submarines. They are important to the overall understanding of ship hydrodynamics with significant implications to the design operations of naval vessels. A systematic research effort elucidated many aspects of the complex three-dimensional highly mixed flows for a canonical dry transom stern (Weymouth et al. 2010; Hendrickson et al. 2012, 2016). In particular, we 1) identified wake and flow characteristics and obtained scaling with ship-scale parameters; 2) quantified the volume and scaling of the entrained air in the near wake; 3) characterized nature of the incompressible highly variable density turbulence (IHVDT) in the wake; and 4) developed explicit turbulent mass flux closure models (Hendrickson et al. under review; Hendrickson and Yue under review). Despite recent advances in large-scale state-of-the-art simulations of these flows, there remain fundamental issues and gaps in our knowledge and modeling capabilities. The main challenge of the canonical stern flow is that it contains regional complexity (convergent corner waves, rooster tails, diverging breaking waves) and many concurrent entrainment mechanisms and processes that limit our ability to isolate and address them fundamentally with sufficient numerical resolution.
Le 'là' de l'être-là et la 'présence-à-soi' du poème-comme-poème
Authors: Michel Jean-Paul
Published: February 2019

Jean-Paul Michel est né en 1948, en Corrèze. Après le reflux de la vague de Mai 68, il revient à la poésie, après une diète de huit années. Ses premiers poèmes publiés sont salués par Roland Barthes, Michel
Foucault, Jude Stéfan, Jacques Réda, Louis-René des Forêts, Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe, Jean-Luc Nancy. Ses poèmes ont été rassemblés aux éditions Flammarion: Le plus réel est ce hasard, et ce feu (1997); 'Défends-toi,
Beauté violente!' (2007); Je ne voudrais rien qui mente, dans un livre (2010). Un volume d'Écrits sur la poésie a paru aux mêmes éditions en 2016. Un colloque a été consacré à son travail à Cerisy-la-Salle en juillet
2016, sous la direction de Michael Bishop et Matthieu Gosztola: Jean-Paul Michel, la surprise de ce qui est. Les Actes paraîtront dans la collection Cerisy/Littérature, Classiques Garnier, en décembre 2018. Jean-Paul Michel est le créateur des Éditions
William Blake and Co., à Bordeaux, en 1975. Il entretient de 2000 à 2016 d'étroites relations de travail et d'amitié avec Yves Bonnefoy, dont il a publié une dizaine de volumes. Dernier titre publié, avec Pierre Bergounioux: Correspondance. 1981–2017
(Verdier éditeur, 2018).
L'Imprésentable
Authors: Carn Hervé
Published: February 2019

Hervé Carn est né à Fumay (Ardennes) en 1949. Il a enseigné les lettres comme professeur agrégé et a soutenu une thèse consacrée à Bernard Noël. Romancier, il a également publié des essais et des
livres de poésie. En guise de réponse aux problèmes soulevés par le questionnement de Michel Brophy, il propose une méditation segmentée en plusieurs fragments. Partant de sa propre expérience, il trace un parcours chaotique qui aboutit à
suspendre toute définition de la poésie sans en annuler le désir, à repousser toute tentation d'inscription dans le concept sans la condamner, à accueillir la forme et le souffle du poème comme d'heureuses surprises générées par
l'écriture elle-même.
Note sur la présence
Authors: Bancquart Marie-Claire
Published: February 2019

Marie-Claire Bancquart est professeur émérite de littérature française à la Sorbonne, auteur d'essais, d'articles et de conférences sur les prosateurs français du XIXe siècle (Anatole France, Maupassant, les écrivains
'décadents'...) et sur les poètes, depuis les surréalistes jusqu'aux contemporains. Elle est l'auteur d'une vingtaine de recueils de poésie depuis 1978, dont les plus récents sont: Explorer l'incertain (L'Amourier, 2010); Violente vie (Le Castor
Astral, 2012); Mots de passe (Le Castor Astral, 2014). Elle a gagné de nombreux prix importants pour sa poésie comme pour ses essais critiques. Marie-Claire Bancquart fait partie des jurys des prix Apollinaire, Ivan Goll, Max-Pol Fouchet, et de jurys annuels.
Deux remarques
Authors: Réda Jacques
Published: February 2019

Jacques Réda est né en 1929. Dès l'âge de dix ans, il s'est consacré à l'étude du vers. L'un des premiers poètes de la Résistance, il a rédigé quelques-uns de ses vers en anglais. Mais son premier livre
(en français) n'est paru qu'en 1968. Le plus récent date de cette année (2018). Quelques-uns ont été traduits en anglais normal (d'Irlande, Angleterre, États-Unis) mais n'ont pas accru sa notoriété dans son propre pays. Si l'on veut les
ranger tous sous un seul même grand thème, ce serait la promenade: dans les souvenirs, à Paris et dans ses banlieues, en France, en Europe (il adore Dublin), dans le monde (de Palmyre à la Polynésie), et finalement dans les deux abîmes des quanta et
de la cosmologie. Aussi aura-t-il bientôt disparu.
The circRNA–microRNA code: emerging implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Verduci Lorena , Strano Sabrina , Yarden Yosef , Blandino Giovanni
Published: February 2019

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) comprise an emerging new class of endogenous RNAs expressed abundantly by the eukaryotic transcriptome. They are characterized by a covalently closed loop structure, resulting in RNA molecules that are more stable than linear RNAs. A growing number of studies indicate that circRNAs play critical roles in human diseases and show great potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The molecular events determined by circRNA activity, the circRNA code, involve other types of noncoding RNA molecules, primarily microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and RNA‐binding proteins. Herein, we mainly focus on the circRNA–microRNA code, showing how this relationship impacts the regulation of gene expression in cancer. The emerging roles for circRNAs in oncogenic pathways highlight new perspectives for the detailed molecular dissection of cancer pathogenesis and, at the same time, offer new opportunities to design innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we review recent research advancements in understanding the biogenesis, molecular functions, and significance of circRNAs in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Blue‐Light‐Absorbing Thin Films Showing Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Louis Marine , Thomas Heidi , Gmelch Max , Haft Anna , Fries Felix , Reineke Sebastian
Published: February 2019

The development of organic materials displaying ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (URTP) is a material design‐rich research field with growing interest recently, as the luminescence characteristics have started to become interesting for applications. However, the development of systems performing under aerated conditions remains a formidable challenge. Furthermore, in the vast majority of molecular examples, the respective absorption bands of the compounds are in the near ultraviolet (UV) range, which makes UV excitation sources necessary. Herein, the synthesis and detailed analysis of new luminescent organic metal‐free materials displaying, in addition to conventional fluorescence, phosphorescence with lifetimes up to 700 ms and tailored redshifted absorption bands, allowing for deep blue excitation, are reported. For the most promising targets, their application is demonstrated in the form of organic programmable tags that have been recently developed. These tags make use of reversible activation and deactivation of the URTP by toggling between the presence and absence of molecular oxygen. In this case, the activation can be achieved with visible light excitation, which greatly increases the use case scenarios by making UV sources obsolete.
Trifunctional Self‐Supporting Cobalt‐Embedded Carbon Nanotube Films for ORR, OER, and HER Triggered by Solid Diffusion from Bulk Metal
Authors: Yang Zhengkun , Zhao Changming , Qu Yunteng , Zhou Huang , Zhou Fangyao , Wang Jing , Wu Yuen , Li Yadong
Published: February 2019

The development of robust and efficient trifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen reaction (HER) is central to regenerative metal–air batteries and overall water splitting. It is still a big challenge to achieve an efficient integration of three functions in one freestanding electrode. Herein, a facile and upscalable strategy is demonstrated, to construct cobalt nanoparticle‐encapsulated 3D conductive films (Co/CNFs), which were induced by in situ solid diffusion from bulk cobalt metal. Under high‐temperature, volatile cobalt species from bulk cobalt foil are trapped by the contacted nitrogen‐rich carbons, followed by catalytic growth of interconnected carbon tubes, forming the 3D structured film. This resulting film can be directly preformed as self‐supporting and binder‐free electrode, which simultaneously facilitates the ORR, OER, and HER with excellent activities and superior stability. Furthermore, such “all‐in‐one” film also exhibits remarkable performance for Zn–air batteries and overall water splitting, demonstrating its feasibility for practical applications.
Investigation of Interfacial Changes on Grain Boundaries of Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)O2 in the Initial Overcharge Process
Authors: Yang Qin , Wang Wei , Qian Kun , Li Baohua
Published: February 2019

The interfacial changes and Li ions kinetics on grain boundaries of cathode are still not very clear, especially in the initial overcharge process. Herein, interfacial changes and electrochemical kinetics of Li ions on grain boundaries of Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)O2 (NCM523) are investigated in the initial overcharge to 4.9 V. The mechanism of electrochemical process and interfacial changes of NCM523 is proposed in this study. Two triggering potentials are detected: 4.4 V, indicating oxidation of lattice oxygen; 4.7 V, meaning electrochemical oxidation of electrolyte. Combining with in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results and transmission electron microscope characterization, oxidation of lattice oxygen can be related to the formation of rock salt phase, hampering lithium ions migration from one primary particle to another when charging to higher than 4.4 V. When potential rises to 4.7 V, electrolyte begins to be electrochemical oxidized, causing severe capacity degradation due to excessive consumption of lithium ions. All these factors synergistically induce the capacity degradation of NCM523 during the overcharge cycling performance. The upper limiting voltage of NCM523 should be no higher than 4.4 V to prolong its life cycle.
Tuning the Wettability of Vertically Aligned CNT–TiO2 Hybrid Electrodes for Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance
Authors: Avasthi Piyush , Balakrishnan Viswanath
Published: February 2019

Boosting the energy density of carbon‐based materials is of great importance for developing supercapacitors with high cyclic stability. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) forest is reported with millimeter height on Si/SiO2 substrate and engineer its microstructure and wettability for remarkable supercapacitor performance. A simple method to alter the microstructure of VACNT forest by adding small amount of ethanol in KOH electrolyte is demonstrated. The modified electrolyte facilitates the formation of pores and channels in CNT forest and leads to increased active surface area. Microstructure‐engineered CNT forest is further coated conformally with 3 nm of TiO2 using atomic layer deposition. The developed VACNT‐TiO2 hybrid shows 102‐fold increase in energy density, 20‐fold increase in specific capacitance, and 13‐fold increase in power density along with high capacitive retention as compared to bare VACNT in KOH. This improved performance is correlated to formation of micro channels that enable more accessible surface area for electrolytic ions. The demonstrated simple electrolyte engineering approach with increased energy density of aligned CNT‐TiO2 hybrid is relevant for portable energy storage applications.
Engineering the Dynamics of Active Colloids by Targeted Design of Metal–Semiconductor Heterojunctions
Authors: Gibbs John G. , Sarkar Sumant , Leeth Holterhoff Andrew , Li Mingyang , Castañeda John , Toller Justin
Published: February 2019

Self‐propelled colloids are primed to become scaled up, nano‐ and microscale inorganic analogues of molecular motors and machines. In order to advance toward the ambitious goal of employing such active particles to form genuine man‐made small scale machinery, a significantly diversified library of particle types, capable of a wide range of motive behaviors, must be available. Here, it is shown that the dynamics of photoactivated, self‐phoretic particles can be engineered by targeted design of metal–semiconductor heterojunctions. This effect is demonstrated with three different microswimmers consisting of an elongated semiconducting tail made from anatase titanium dioxide; all three of which would otherwise be identical absent vapor‐deposited coatings of gold at different locations on the tails. The specific location of the heterojunction determines the swimming behavior for each type. Although here only one shape and material combination is focused upon, engineering active particles with site‐specific metal–semiconductor heterojunctions is a general technique for achieving desired kinematic behavior in active colloidal matter.
Designable Polymeric Microparticles from Droplet Microfluidics for Controlled Drug Release
Authors: He Fan , Zhang Mao‐Jie , Wang Wei , Cai Quan‐Wei , Su Yao‐Yao , Liu Zhuang , Faraj Yousef , Ju Xiao‐Jie , Xie Rui , Chu Liang‐Yin
Published: February 2019

Drug delivery systems that can control drug release profile to ensure a high therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects are highly desired in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. Microparticles are the most commonly used drug delivery systems, because they can be easily administrated to patients, and be engineered with different structures and functions for keeping drug stability, delivering drugs to a desired location, and releasing drugs with a predetermined rate in a well‐controlled manner. Microfluidic techniques show great power for controllable generation of highly monodisperse multiple emulsion droplets with unprecedented structural diversity. Microfluidics‐templated emulsions allow elaborately design and controllable generation of highly uniform microparticles with well‐controlled sizes, shapes, compositions, and structures, and integrated functions for controlled drug release. This review highlights recent progress on controllable microfluidic fabrication of monodisperse emulsion templates and the resultant polymeric microparticles with well‐tailored structures and functions for flexible encapsulation and controlled release of drugs. Especially, a comprehensive overview of the recent biomedical applications of these microparticles with diverse release mechanisms is provided. Finally, perspectives on further advancing the microfluidic techniques for fabricating functional microparticles from lab scale to industrial scale are discussed.
Recent Insights from Computational Materials Chemistry into Interfaces Relevant to Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Singh Nirpendra , Sharma Sitansh , Vovusha Hakkim , Li Huifang , Schwingenschlögl Udo
Published: February 2019

Efficient usage of earth's limited oil reserves requires fundamental understanding of the interfacial effects governing oil recovery. As experimental access to such knowledge is often limited, modern simulation techniques are constantly gaining relevance in this field of research. This progress report therefore addresses recent studies of materials chemistry dealing with computational approaches to obtain insights into the interaction between rock surfaces, water, and oil components. It aims both at providing a starting point for newcomers to the field and at equipping experts with an overview of new developments. Being the most prominent mineral in oil reservoirs and the main component of sedimentary carbonate rock, special attention is given to interfaces involving calcite (CaCO3). While the research field still develops in two branches with most studies dealing either with rock–water or rock–oil interaction, it will be important to consider also collective effects at general rock–water–oil interfaces in future investigations.
Engineering Oxygen Migration for Homogeneous Volume Resistive Switching in 3‐Terminal Devices
Authors: Gonzalez‐Rosillo Juan Carlos , Ortega‐Hernandez Rafael , Arndt Benedikt , Coll Mariona , Dittmann Regina , Obradors Xavier , Palau Anna , Suñe Jordi , Puig Teresa
Published: February 2019

Resistive switching effects are in a superb position to tackle the challenges for the near future of nanoelectronics and neuromorphics. Material‐wise, the outstanding properties of strongly correlated metallic perovskite oxides, in particular, those displaying metal–insulator transition can be exploited for a new generation of devices based on a volume resistive switching (VRS) phenomenon beyond filamentary and interface ideas. This study reports a full description of this new and robust physical mechanism governing VRS memory effects in mixed‐valence mixed‐conductor metallic La1−xSrxMnO3−y perovskites by identifying the role and rate limiting steps of oxygen exchange through oxygen partial pressure experiments. It is demonstrated that oxygen migration can be smartly engineered by introducing a CeO2−x capping layer, which is further used to validate the VRS phenomenon by operating a nonvolatile and volumetric proof‐of‐concept gate‐controlled three‐terminal conductive bridge device.
Sub 10 nm Bilayer Bi2O2Se Transistors
Authors: Yang Jie , Quhe Ruge , Li Qiuhui , Liu Shiqi , Xu Lianqiang , Pan Yuanyuan , Zhang Han , Zhang Xiuying , Li Jingzhen , Yan Jiahuan , Shi Bowen , Pang Hua , Xu Lin , Zhang Zhiyong , Lu Jing , Yang Jinbo
Published: February 2019

Due to high carrier mobility and excellent air stability, emerging 2D semiconducting Bi2O2Se is attracting much attention as a potential channel candidate for the next‐generation field effect transistor (FETs). Although the fabricated bilayer (BL) and few layers Bi2O2Se FETs exhibit a large current on/off ratio (>106) and a near‐ideal subthreshold swing value (≈65 mV dec−1), the performance limit of ultrashort channel Bi2O2Se FET is obscure. Here the ballistic performance upper limit of the sub 10 nm BL Bi2O2Se metal‐oxide‐semiconductor FETs (MOSFETs) is simulated for the first time by using ab initio quantum transport simulations. The optimized BL Bi2O2Se n‐type MOSFETs can fulfill the high performance device requirements on the on‐state current, delay time, and power dissipation of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors in 2028 until the gate length is scaled down to 5 nm. Therefore, Moore's law can be extended to 5 nm by taking BL Bi2O2Se as the channel.