bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saber, saber hacer, saber ser docente
Authors: Hernández-Sánchez Azucena
Published: October 2024

The Master of initial teacher training of secondary school in Spain is a space and an exceptional time to experience and generate educational synergies that are transferred beyond it. An opportunity to put into practice coherent and consistent training processes with the academic postulates that insistently educational research communicates to us as valid, useful, alive but not always applied in the classroom or with students. The theoretical methodological perspective of this article develops the reflexive practice in the initial formation of the job of teaching in the secondary stage through a qualitative paradigm of educational research through the History of Life, among other instruments and oriented with practices of educational coaching. It focuses on the teaching of future professionals of Social Sciences proposing situations that deepen the competence of self-reflection and shared dialogue between equals, that allow to develop empathic concern, interest and knowledge of more ways to teach and learn that those who already had lived to produce its teaching model. It is concluded that although the tasks are expensive in time and personal involvement. The goodness of the implementation of these favors a reflexive attitude that helps the teachers to make explicit the fundamentals that guide their way of perceiving and interpreting the teaching-learning process and will give them flexibility in the face of contradictions or unforeseen events in their future career.
Miniaturas colombianas para guitarra: Obras comentadas
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Cardona Marín Bernardo
Published: October 2024

Las veinticinco piezas que integran Miniaturas colombianas para guitarra fueron compuestas con base en distintos géneros musicales, con la intención de ofrecer un panorama amplio de los ritmos nacionales, algunos incluso no propios de la guitarra. Se configura así una propuesta estética que pone en diálogo la tradición con la exploración de nuevas formas compositivas. Esta edición de obras comentadas proporciona, junto con las partituras, información acerca de la ejecución y aspectos metodológicos de la creación, al igual que referentes musicales, musicológicos, bibliográficos y discográficos que amplían el criterio del estudioso de la guitarra o de la música en general. Es un libro útil para estudiantes y profesores de guitarra en ámbitos formales y no formales, para intérpretes y para compositores de piezas destinadas a este u otros instrumentos
Ponerle fin a la confrontación armada con el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), más que voluntad de paz
Authors:   Universidad Externado de Colombia, Echandía Castilla Camilo , Cabrera Nossa Irene ,   Universidad Externado de Colombia
Published: October 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la incidencia de la correlación de fuerzas y la fragmentación del Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) en los alcances y límites de las negociaciones con el gobierno de Gustavo Petro. La investigación se basa en una estrategia cualitativa que combina la triangulación de bases de datos, fuentes primarias y secundarias, así como cartografía temática con el propósito de revisar la evolución de la iniciativa militar del ELN y del Estado, y la conducta de las diferentes estructuras de esta guerrilla en el marco del acuerdo de cese al fuego. Se concluye, en primer lugar, que la percepción equivocada de la correlación de fuerzas condujo al establecimiento de una agenda de negociación general e imprecisa que reduce las posibilidades de ponerle fin al conflicto; en segundo lugar, la ausencia de cohesión en el grupo guerrillero se ha traducido en conductas incoherentes, lo que plantea interrogantes sobre el compromiso de los frentes de guerra con la negociación y con la reducción de la violencia como objetivo primordial de la política de paz del Gobierno colombiano.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTATION REGIONS IN HERBICIDE-RESISTANT QUINOA (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) MUTANT LINES
Authors: Egritas Ömer , Tan Mustafa , Haliloğlu Kamil
Published: October 2024

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a viable alternative crop due to its adaptability to unfavorable climate and soil conditions, and its seeds are nutritionally rich. However, the lack of selective herbicides for weed control in quinoa fields poses a significant challenge for cultivation. Consequently, developing herbicide-resistant quinoa lines is essential. In this study, the Titicaca variety of quinoa was used. Sodium azide at a concentration of 1.5 mM was employed for mutagenesis. Herbicide-resistant plants were identified by applying herbicides from the imazamox to the M3 generation. The resistant lines were designated as ET-6, ET-7, OT-11, and T-103. Among the four mutant lines obtained through seed mutagenesis, the OT-11 line exhibited a cytosine to adenine (C→A) substitution in the
ALS gene, while the ET-6 line showed a thymine to guanine (T→G) substitution. These mutations in the OT-11 and ET-6 genotypes were classified as transversion-type mutations. A transition-type mutation was observed in the T-103 mutant line, involving a thymine to cytosine (T→C) substitution at nucleotide 1114. The findings suggest that effective weed control in quinoa cultivation can be achieved by developing varieties resistant to IMI group herbicides. Continued research on herbicide resistance should focus on the ET-6, OT-11, and T-103 lines in subsequent generations
EFFECT OF PACLOBUTRAZOL AND ABSCISIC ACID APPLICATION ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CANOLA (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Naqqash1 Raja Muhammad , Yavaş İlkay , Din Kaleem Ul , Albadrani Ghadeer M. , Iqbal Asif , Hussain Saddam
Published: October 2024

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is an important non-conventional oilseed crop that can be grown in diverse soil and
climatic conditions. However, seed shattering after maturity is a major problem in canola production as it can
cause up to 50% yield loss if harvesting is delayed due to adverse conditions. Different agronomic and
physiological interventions can be opted to enhance yield stability and shattering resistance in canola. The
present field study aimed at exploring the potential effects of paclobutrazol and abscisic acid on the growth
and yield contributing attributes of canola. The treatments of the experiment included a control (no-spray),
water spray, paclobutrazol (50 mg L-1), abscisic acid (0.5 mM), and a combination of paclobutrazol+ abscisic
acid (50 mg L-1+0.5 mM). The current experiment examined two canola cultivars, Hybrid (45S42) and Inbred
Sandal Canola. The experiment was laid out under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a
factorial arrangement having three replications. The results showed that exogenous application of
paclobutrazol and abscisic acid alone or in combination significantly affected both canola cultivars. The plant
height decreased significantly however, leaf area index, grain weight, number of seeds per silique, and number
of branches per plant were increased compared with the control. Moreover, the combination of paclobutrazol
and abscisic acid recorded a higher increase in leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, plant yield, and
number of seeds per pod than their individual application. Between cultivars, the Hybrid cultivar (45S42)
recorded better yield as compared to the Inbred Sandal Canola. These results thereby suggest that Hybrid
(45S42) cultivar with combined application of paclobutrazol and abscisic acid can be a suitable option for
gaining high yield and productivity
O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSOR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Ancheski e Silva João Paulo , dos Santos Annie Rose , Pereira Crepaldi Nilza
Published: October 2024

O artigo apresenta uma experiência de estágio pelo Ensino Remoto Emergencial, realizada em escola pública do Paraná, em 2020, por acadêmico do curso de Letras Português-Inglês, na modalidade de ensino a distância da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. O trabalho fundamenta-se nos aportes teóricos de Shulman (1987) sobre a epistemologia da prática pedagógica. Como resultados, enfocam-se, por um lado, as dificuldades de se atingir os alunos totalmente pelo ensino remoto, e, por outro, a importância da mediação por processos interativos digitais, bem como o processo reflexivo durante a observação e a regência, o que possibilitou ao estagiário refletir melhor o seu papel de futuro professor.
ETHICAL CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE LIGHT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Hora Arcieri Barreto Roberta , Cardoso Machado Jaborandy Clara , Silva Porto Carolina
Published: October 2024

In an increasingly automated and digital world, artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize various sectors of society. However, its development and use raise ethical questions, especially related to privacy, autonomy and discrimination. This research seeks to analyze the ethical challenges of AI considering the Brazilian and international regulatory environment. The research uses descriptive research methodology, based on a bibliographical review of scientific and documentary literature on AI and its regulation. It examines the pillars for an ethical use of AI, highlighting transparency, explainability, fairness and responsibility as fundamental to a regulatory system aligned with human rights. The research aims to contribute, albeit briefly, to the debate on ethics in AI.
Prohibition of Age Discrimination in the context of Implementation of the Constitutional Principle of Freedom of Work
Authors: Sagandykov M. S.
Published: October 2024

Discrimination is one of the main obstacles to the implementation of the constitutional principle of freedom of work, including by persons of pre-retirement and retirement age. At the same time, the principles of prohibition of discrimination in the field of work and freedom of work in many cases act in relation to each other as a necessary condition for the realization of the right to work. The attitude towards age as a sign of discrimination differs from the approach to other discriminatory grounds both in legislation and in law enforcement practice. The main prerequisite for such an ambiguous view of this discriminatory feature is the lack of its constitutional consolidation. Moreover, age as an element of the principle of equality was absent in the Soviet constitutional and labor legislation, and it was included in the current Labor Code of the Russian Federation only in 2006. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, in essence, acknowledges that it is permissible in some cases to establish age restrictions for certain positions, and to use special legal regulation of labor relations with the participation of pensioners, i.e., in fact, on the basis of an age criterion. The paper substantiates the idea of expediency of supplementing the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the future with a provision prohibiting discrimination based on age. At the same time, even before making appropriate amendments, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has all the formal grounds to adjust the age as the basis of discrimination, which would ensure the full implementation of the constitutional principle of freedom of labor in regulating labor relations involving persons of pre-retirement and retirement age.
Exclusion of the Debtor’s Property from the Bankruptcy Estate as a Guarantee of Protection of Debtor’s Property and Personal Non-Property Rights
Authors: Gladysheva E. V.
Published: October 2024

The need to exclude the debtor’s property from the bankruptcy estate as a guarantee of protection of his property and non-property rights can be explained by a long-term formation of bankruptcy legislation, which influenced the ideology of measures to protect the rights and interests of the debtor, the need to rethink measures to protect the debtor’s property and non-property rights in the context of an updated economically oriented and procedural legislation. The conflict of interests of the debtor and creditors is one of the intractable problems of the institution of bankruptcy, actualizing the improvement of mechanisms for protecting the rights of the debtor. The fact that the institution of bankruptcy of citizens provides mechanisms for the protection of personal non-property (natural) rights of a citizen along with mechanisms for the protection of his property rights does not contradict the property law criteria applied in this legal institution and highlighted in civil law science. The interconnectedness of the debtor’s property rights with his personal non-property rights serves as an ideological factor justifying the need to exclude certain types of property and income of the debtor from the bankruptcy estate, which are of a social nature, since they serve the life of the debtor, his personal needs and the needs of his family members.
Normative and Legal Mechanisms for Climate Processes Regulation in Russia
Authors: Chernov S. N.
Published: October 2024

Legal policy in the area of climate change is one of the main ones in both international and national relations. The process was initiated within the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Russia supported the creation of international institutions and the development of international legal documents to combat climate change, and pursued an active international policy. However, after February 2022, the situation has changed. Sanctions imposed by Western countries have made it impossible to implement many joint climate projects, which has led to the need for Russia to review its climate policy and adjust its regulatory framework. The paper examines international legal mechanisms for regulating climate processes; the legal system of climate regulation in Russia; implementation of climate programs at the level of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The role of scientific organizations in the implementation of climate programs is considered. The paper presents the opinions of foreign lawyers on the problems of climatology and the conclusions of Russian scientists on the legal problems of climate conservation. At the end of October 2023 Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree approving the new Climate Doctrine. In accordance with this document, conditions are being created for the state to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. Carbon capture technologies must be developed and favorable conditions must be created for the development of carbon-negative projects. Digital platforms for trading carbon units are emerging to reduce the carbon footprint of human activities. Climate change is one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century, which represents a complex problem.
The study of mental disorders in visually impaired people
Authors: Yakovlev Denis A. , Kuzmina Svetlana V.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this review is to highlight the history of the study of mental characteristics in persons with eye pathology and visual impairment. In the period of the Ancient World and up to the XIV century, the knowledge of the human psyche passed through the prism of mystical and religious views on the essence of the human soul. The beginning of the application of the materialistic approach to the assessment of mental characteristics in the absence of vision can be considered the work of the French writer, philosopher and educator Denis Diderot. In his "Letters" he drew attention to the need to educate the blind, which became the impetus for the activities of future specialists. In the middle of the XIX century, active work began in the field of research on the psyche of the blind. The introspective description served as the basis for the beginning of the experimental study. There is a spontaneous release of typhlopsychology, which formed the theoretical basis for the further development of science. During the 20th century, a large amount of experimental data has been accumulated in the field of studying the psyche of the blind. Modern multicenter studies of the psychological characteristics of ophthalmic patients indicate a wide prevalence of mental disorders. Scientists are currently paying close attention to specific ophthalmological nosologies and their relationship with certain mental disorders. Research is being conducted to study potential ophthalmological markers for the development of mental disorders and to find ways to diagnose them instrumentally. Despite the long and difficult path of studying the characteristics of the psyche in visually impaired people, there is still a vast field for further research. Based on past knowledge, future developments will allow us to more accurately determine the relationship between eye pathology and mental disorders.
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis fatal case was mistaken as a debut of schizophrenia: the devil is in the psychopathological details
Authors: Mendelevich Vladimir D. , Sergienko Konstantin S. , Yakhin Kausar K. , Abdullina Elvira A.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the clinical case of the patient Victor, 42 years old, who was admitted to a psychiatric hospital in an acute psychotic state with schizophreniform symptoms. His illness progressed rapidly, and at different stages, epileptic paroxysms and disorders of consciousness joined the symptoms typical of schizophrenia. It was then that the question arose of the need to revise the diagnosis of schizophrenia, to carry out a targeted neurological examination and to correct of the treatment regimen. Victor’s case, which ended in death, raises questions for psychiatrists about finding significant differential diagnostic criteria for distinguishing schizophrenia from schizophrenia-like psychoses. To avoid mistakes, it is proposed to rely on the so-called. “diagnostic clues” and “red flags” in identifying the psychopathology of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders: does the non-psychotic schizophrenia exist?
Authors: Sivolap Yury P. , Portnova Anna A.
Published: October 2024

Current understanding of schizophrenia comes from Kraepelin’s dementia praecox doctrine, a disease that combined Kalbaum’s catatonia, Hecker’s hebephrenia and chronic delusional psychoses and later renamed to schizophrenia thanks to Bleuler. Since the beginning of the XX century, the systematics of schizophrenia has undergone a serious evolution and narrowing of diagnostic boundaries, which is reflected in various revisions of the ICD and editions of the DSM. Currently, the existence of non-psychotic forms of schizophrenia, mainly manifested by negative symptoms, is being questioned. In addition, the need for diagnostic differentiation of schizophrenia from autism spectrum disorder, which have only external similarities, but require fundamentally different therapeutic interventions, is emphasized.
Felicidad sexual y satisfacción con la seguridad sexual en hombres de Asunción y Central
Authors: Rios-González Carlos Miguel , Recalde-Recalde Guillermo Daniel
Published: October 2024

Introducción: la satisfacción y seguridad sexual son elementos clave para el bienestar masculino, integrando aspectos físicos y emocionales de la intimidad; estos conceptos engloban el disfrute pleno de las relaciones sexuales, junto con la comodidad y confianza en las prácticas de protección utilizadas. Objetivo: determinar la felicidad sexual y satisfacción con la seguridad sexual en hombres de Asunción y Central durante el 2023. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal en Asunción, y Central durante los meses de setiembre a noviembre del 2023. La población de estudio lo constituyeron los hombres elegibles que tenían mayor de 18 años, a quienes se les asignó el sexo masculino al nacer, residentes de las ciudades seleccionadas. Las variables del estudio fueron las demográficas, salud mental (ansiedad, depresión e ideación suicida). Resultados: el estudio incluyó 143 participantes. De estos, el 55,24 % (79) tenía entre 18 y 29 años, el 69,23 % (99) se identificó como gay, y el 12,59 % (18) como bisexual. Los Hombres que tienen sexo con hombres mostraron una mayor probabilidad de reportar satisfacción, con una odds ratio ajustada por edad de 2,82 (IC 95 %: 1,41-3,57, p=0,001) en comparación con los heterosexuales, tener tres o más parejas estables y once o más parejas no estables se asoció fuertemente con ser HSH (p=0,003 y p=0,001, respectivamente). Conclusión: los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres reportaron niveles más altos de satisfacción sexual, lo que sugiere una experiencia positiva en sus relaciones íntimas. Sin embargo, este grupo también mostró una tendencia a tener un mayor número de parejas sexuales, tanto estables como no estables. Estas diferencias en comportamientos sexuales pueden indicar distintas normas sociales o preferencias personales entre los grupos estudiados.
Pasado y presente de la Paracoccidioidomicosis en Paraguay
Authors: Araújo López Patricia Violeta , Aguilar Fernández Gustavo , Zancopé- Oliveira Rosely
Published: October 2024

La Paracoccidioidomicosis (PCM), es una enfermedad sistémica endémica de países de América Latina, con alto impacto en términos de morbilidad, mortalidad y costos para el sistema de salud si los enfermos progresan a sus estadios avanzados. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo recopilar datos divulgados en publicaciones sobre casos autóctonos de PCM, desde los primeros casos diagnosticados en Paraguay, con una descripción del contexto histórico e identificando a los pioneros en el diagnóstico en Paraguay, siguiendo un orden cronológico, hasta los casos más recientemente informados. Metodología: búsqueda en bibliotecas nacionales y bases de datos online de casos de PCM en Paraguay, publicados en revistas científicas históricas nacionales y otras fuentes disponibles en formato impreso, y artículos científicos más recientes disponibles en formato electrónico, respectivamente. Resultados: Se identificaron 479 casos de PCM en publicaciones entre los años 1935 y 2023, correspondientes a casos autóctonos y cuyos diagnósticos fueron realizados en territorio paraguayo. El Dr. Juan Boggino y colaboradores fueron los responsables de los primeros diagnósticos en el país. La forma clínica predominante fue la crónica. La media de edad de 45,78 años. La gran mayoría de los pacientes diagnosticados fueron oriundos de la Región Oriental del país, predominantemente hombres agricultores. Conclusión: La PCM es una enfermedad endémica del Paraguay, desde los primeros casos diagnosticados y hasta hoy en día, son detectados pacientes con una evolución grave y discapacitante de la enfermedad, lo que demuestra la necesidad de la difusión de su conocimiento y ampliación de la capacidad diagnóstica precoz a nivel nacional. Debido a su pleomorfismo clínico y su capacidad de simular otras enfermedades, es importante incluir a la PCM como diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes que presenten factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de la enfermedad.
Paracoccidiodomicosis sistémica
Authors: Peralta Giménez Ruth María , Núñez Lezcano Fátima María Teodora , Taboada Torres Verónica Raquel , Ibáñez Rodríguez Fátima Alma Diana
Published: October 2024

La paracoccidioidomicosis es una micosis profunda sistémica, endémica en algunos países de Latinoamérica, de presentación clínica es de evolución aguda/subaguda, en nuestro país es el principal diagnostico diferencial de la tuberculosis pulmonar. Se describe el caso clínico de un hombre de 48 años, procedente de zona rural, inmunocompetente, que se presentó clínicamente por dificultad respiratoria, pérdida de peso de forma progresiva y lesiones en mucosas oral; como hallazgos radiológicos presentó infiltrados reticulares bilaterales. Desde el punto de vista micológico se evidenció la presencia del microorganismo en diversas muestras biológicas: biopsias de lesiones orofaríngeas y estudio micológico del esputo. Se realizó tratamiento dirigido con antimicótico intravenoso presentando buena respuesta al mismo con mejoría clínica.
Remisión de la psoriasis vulgar posterior a quimioterapia por neoplasia hematológica
Authors: da Ponte Rojas María Noemí , Montiel Centurion Judith Nelsi , Contreras Ramírez Claudia Romina , Aldama Caballero Arnaldo Benjamín Feliciano
Published: October 2024

Divulgamos el caso de una paciente con psoriasis vulgar que presento empeoramiento de la misma luego de infección por Chikungunya, sin mejoría del brote con el tratamiento habitual de la psoriasis, en quien posteriormente se realiza el diagnóstico de Linfoma Hodgkin tipo clásico. Se inició tratamiento quimioterápico y se observó una mejoría completa de las lesiones cutáneas de la psoriasis.
Cutting-Edge Communication: Integrated Satellite-Aerial 6G Networks for Point-to-Point Connectivity
Authors: Vennapusa Sai Charan Reddy
Published: October 2024

The study examines the potential of 6G technology to enhance global connectivity by combining satellite and aerial networks. The primary objectives are to assess this integration's benefits, identify technological challenges, and examine its effects on various applications. The process entails systematically analyzing secondary material, including reviewing existing literature and case studies. This approach aims to provide a thorough and all-encompassing understanding of the issue. The main discoveries emphasize that integrated connection offers substantial benefits, such as better worldwide coverage, decreased delay, and excellent durability, all of which contribute to providing real-time applications and high-speed data transmission. Applications include a broad spectrum of areas, including telemedicine, disaster response, smart cities, and precision farming. Nevertheless, excessive implementation costs, technological complexities, and regulatory constraints present challenges. Policy implications highlight the need for deliberate financial assistance and incentives, regulatory frameworks, and international collaboration to overcome these challenges and ensure success. This research highlights the potential of combined satellite-aerial 6G networks to completely transform connectivity, stimulate innovation, and enhance the global communication infrastructure.
Expert recommendations on feeding practices of milk diets in acute infant diarrhea in India: a collaborative position statement Expert opinion on nutritional management in acute infant diarrhea
Authors: Consortium Gut , Dutt Shantanu , Bhattacharya Arunaloke , Fotedar Arun , Ray Chandan , Dhekne Jagadish , Srinivas S.
Published: October 2024

Acute infant diarrhea has a significant impact on India's public health landscape, which is characterized by regional disparities and predominantly viral causes that often resolve on their own. The primary management objective of acute infant diarrhea is to ensure quick recovery while maintaining the nutritional intake of affected infants, aiming to reduce weight loss, manage loose stools better, and reduce the duration of diarrhea. Early refeeding, oral rehydration solution (ORS), and zinc supplementation are critical strategies, according to international consensus and scientific validation. Milk-based diets practically form a key part of dietary choices in young children. There was a need to develop an expert position for the nutritional management of acute infant diarrhea in this aspect in the Indian context. Therefore, between July and September 2023, a series of expert meetings across India were dedicated to formulating an evidence-based position for the nutritional management of acute infant diarrhea. The emphasis was on the benefits of continuing feeding and early refeeding as appropriate, and promoting continued breastfeeding. For non-breastfed infants, a strategic approach to selecting suitable milk diets was deliberated, supporting rapid recovery without compromising nutrition. This strategy not only supports the overall developmental well-being of the infant but also addresses potential issues related to alternative diets, such as palatability, potential long-term effects, and the challenges of reverting to standard milk diets. Through these discussions, a comprehensive framework for managing nutrition in acute diarrhea in infants with milk-based diets was established, highlighting the importance of continued nutritional intake along with standard management guidelines.
Public Policy and Lessons from Immunity in a COVID World
Authors: Emmons Thomas
Published: October 2024

To counter perceived viral threats, government organizations have the task of steering public opinion towards behavior that shapes the immunity of the population. This could take the form of vaccine campaigns and/or ‘non-pharmaceutical interventions’. Vaccines are accepted as the most effective means in thwarting the severity of an infection both individually and throughout a population. The success or failure of campaigns however hinges on the messaging of the objectives, public trust, and above all the science that substantiates the campaign. Some consider the recent Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic as one insufficient in clear and consistent messages. At the level of communication, confusion stemmed from the complexities of 1) asymptomatic and presymptomatic transmission, 2) the merits of natural and acquired immunity, 3) The relevance of herd or community immunity, as well as 4) correct information regarding the benefits and risks of necessary vaccination. Here, we review the basis and inconsistencies in the therapeutic and infection messages relevant to immunity concepts that lent to public confusion associated with this and perhaps future pandemics.
Estratégias para identificação de concepções implícitas sobre processos de ensino-aprendizagem na formação inicial de professores em Ciências da Natureza: um estudo exploratório
Authors: Gobbi Cristiane Costa , Spohr Carla Beatriz , Calheiro Lisiane Barcellos
Published: October 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo responder, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, como é possível revelar concepções implícitas sobre a prática docente de futuros professores em Ciências Naturais e os desafios presentes nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Crenças implícitas decorrem da natureza inconsciente dos indivíduos e influenciam diretamente na mudança de perspectiva sobre ensino e aprendizagem, principalmente quando contrastadas com representações explícitas, muito valorizadas no ambiente acadêmico. O objetivo foi identificar estratégias que permitam a busca de evidências de conhecimentos implícitos de futuros professores, em formação inicial, relacionados aos processos de ensino-aprendizagem, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva. A busca do material considerou pesquisas nacionais sobre o tema, em português, no período de 2017 a 2022, utilizando os seguintes descritores: "concepções implícitas" ou "teorias implícitas", "ensino-aprendizagem", "ciências naturais", "formação inicial de professores" ou "formação inicial de professores" e "prática docente". Foram identificadas 78 publicações com base nesses descritores. Como critérios de exclusão, foram desconsideradas dissertações, teses, revisões de literatura, estudos de outras áreas da formação inicial, pesquisas sobre educação continuada, produção de conhecimento e publicações duplicadas. Dissertações e teses foram excluídas por serem pouco discutidas durante o período de formação inicial de professores. Após a aplicação desses critérios, 9 publicações foram selecionadas para revisão posterior, resultando em dois artigos para análise. A escassez de estudos nessa área pode ser atribuída à limitada intencionalidade de refletir sobre o conhecimento explícito para possibilitar mudanças na compreensão de como o ensino e a aprendizagem ocorrem. Constatou-se que os autores dos estudos revisados não utilizam referenciais teóricos sobre Teorias Implícitas nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem na perspectiva de Juan Ignacio Pozo. Ressalta-se a relevância de propor abordagens reflexivas que permitam aos futuros professores externalizar suas crenças. Além disso, sugere-se a utilização de espaços formativos que promovam o (re)conhecimento de concepções implícitas sobre os processos de ensino-aprendizagem.
HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Awareness, Eligibility and Intention in Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women: a cross-sectional study in Colombia 2020 - 2021
Authors: Mueses-Marín Héctor Fabio , Alvarado-Llano Beatriz Eugenia , Bolívar-Rocha María Camila , Galindo-Orrego Ximena , Torres-Isasiga Julián Andrés , Martínez-Cajas Jorge Luis
Published: October 2024

Background: Despite overwhelming evidence supporting the efficacy and effectiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in HIV prevention, its adoption has been marginal. In Colombia, more information about eligibility, awareness, and intentions to use PrEP in target populations and how these relate to social determinants is needed. Aim: to assess PrEP awareness, the motivational cascade, and the social conditions related to the cascade. Methods: A cross-sectional study in a non-probabilistic sample was conducted between April 2020 and February 2021 among 552 Men with Sex with Men (MSM) and 158 Transgender Women (TGW). We used the Poisson regression to explore the associations between PrEP eligibility, awareness, and elements of the motivational PrEP cascade (willingness, intention, and self-perceived need to take) and their sociodemographic characteristics. Results: 51.2 % of the participants were aware of PrEP, 58.7 % were willing to use it, 45 % were self-perceived as PrEP candidates, and 56.2 % intended to take it.TGW were less likely to be aware but more willing to use PrEP than the sample of MSM interviewed face-to-face. Low education was related to low PrEP awareness and low income to low willingness to start PrEP. Conclusions: These results support the pertinence of the cascade concept to describe the stage of the target population regarding eligibility and motivation to take it. To accelerate PrEP implementation, efforts are needed to increase awareness among MSM and TGW with focalized strategies for those with low socioeconomic status.
Hernia de Amyand con apéndice perforado y necrosis intestinal: reporte de caso
Authors: Rodriguez-Alvarez Miguel Ivan , Amaya-Muñoz Maria Camila , Amaya-Muñoz Maria Juliana , Rubio-Duarte Andres Felipe , Lizcano-Manrique Angie Paola
Published: October 2024

La hernia de Amyand es una hernia inguinal que contiene el apéndice vermiforme, el cual puede encontrarse normal, inflamado, abscesificado o perforado. Su prevalencia global es del 0,4-0,6 % de las hernias inguinales, con mortalidad entre 14-30 % y su principal complicación es la sepsis. Se presenta un caso de un paciente masculino de 68 años con dolor abdominal, emesis e ictericia mucocutánea de cuatro días de evolución, con hernia inguinoescrotal complicada que requirió intervención quirúrgica. Durante la cirugía, se encontró el apéndice vermiforme gangrenado y perforado, junto con otras complicaciones. Por esta razón, se realizó una herniorrafia inguinal con malla combinada con apendicectomía y su evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria, sin presentar complicaciones. El diagnóstico preoperatorio de la hernia de Amyand es difícil y, generalmente, se realiza durante la cirugía. El tratamiento debe adaptarse a cada caso, ya que depende del estado del apéndice y del tamaño de la hernia.
RISKS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS AND DIRECTIONS FOR THEIR REGULATION
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Buyanova Marina E. , Averina Irina S. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the risks of digital transformation that regional economic systems face at the present stage of their development. These risks are largely related to the realities of the new Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the necessary changes in the economic and institutional subsystems of the functioning of the national economy. Analysis of indicators characterizing the level and dynamics of changes in meso-level subsystems (subjects of the Russian Federation) and the national economy as a whole made it possible to identify problems and risks of regional development and develop directions for leveling and resolving them in the near future. Among the risks of regional development in the above conditions, the following were identified: technological, staffing, institutional, operational, financial, market and socioeconomic. Developing ways to reduce development risks in the current conditions will allow optimizing the functioning of economic mechanisms of systems at all (primarily meso- and macro-) levels.
TRACKING TRENDS IN THE FIELD OF INVESTMENT RELATIONS BETWEEN THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ROSTOV REGION)
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Vladyka Marina V. , Lozin Viktor A. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: October 2024

The desire for development and improvement is always inherent in investment activities. Investments are an integral part of any type of economy, both market and any other. Without investment, production development is impossible. Investments can be either private or public. State, budget investments play a special role in the economy of the Russian Federation as a whole, as well as at the regional level. The article traces trends in the field of investment relations between the federal center and the region (using the example of the Rostov region). The general dynamics of investment in fixed capital of the Rostov region was considered, the involvement of the federal budget of the Russian Federation in the share of investment in fixed capital in general, as well as by regions of the Russian Federation, was analyzed, with special attention to the Rostov region. This study also examined the structure of investments in fixed capital in the Rostov region and the sources of their formation. As a result of the study, it was found that the Rostov region is currently in the priority group of federal subjects. In 2023, it became the owner of unprecedented cash flows from the federal budget into the economy over the past decade.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE REGION
Authors:   Agency for Strategic Initiatives for the Promotion of New Projects Autonomous  Non-Commercial Organization, Dankov Sergey O. , Stryabkova Elena A. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: October 2024

The article explores and analyzes the innovative potential of the region, reflecting the financial, economic, scientific, technological, industrial, and personnel status of the region. The research is based on an integrated approach that can be used to assess the socioeconomic development of regions in general and to build interregional ties in particular. The basis of the study is the applied ratings of the development of the subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of quality of life, scientific and technological development, the state of the investment climate and economic specialization of the regions, and information from Rosstat, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are used as sources of information.
MODELING THE STRATEGY FOR MANAGING THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Belgorod State Agrarian University, Korytko Tatyana Yu.
Published: October 2024

This article conducts a study and generalization of theoretical and practical foundations in the field of choosing a strategy for managing the financial security of an enterprise. In modern conditions of enterprise management, it is relevant to develop a scientific and methodological approach to choosing a strategy for managing the financial security of an enterprise, based on the theory of fuzzy logic and capable of adapting to changes in the external environment. The result of the study is the modeling of the representation of fuzzy sets using the example of constructing a model for choosing a strategy for managing the financial security of an enterprise. The main stages of the scientific and methodological approach based on the use of the theory of fuzzy sets are determined. The developed model will make it possible to adequately approach the assessment of alternative solutions while simultaneously increasing the degree of validity of the decisions made. The proposed model of fuzzy sets for choosing a financial security management strategy can be implemented in the work of enterprises. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the ability to identify and timely neutralize financial risks on a unified methodological basis, pose and solve problems of predictive assessment of the level of financial security of an enterprise.
Államháztartási kiadások alakulása populista kormányok alatt Kelet-Közép-Európában
Authors: Benczes István , Szijártó Norbert
Published: October 2024

Since the 2010s, a populist turn has been taking place in Central and Eastern Europe, and consequently populist parties have assumed control over the respective governments. In the literature, populist rule has been characterised with a) an irresponsible fiscal policy which ignores the budget constraint; and b) a biased redistribution policy that deliberately divides society into two antagonistic groups. Our analysis, covering the period between 2010 and 2022, demonstrates that populist governments in the region – generally speaking – have not relied on the accumulation of public deficit and debt; they, have, in fact, not differed from their non-populist peers with regard to fiscal discipline. Nevertheless, incumbent populist parties have used a conscious redistribution policy in their spending activities by favouring certain groups in society. Yet the spending preferences of populist parties in the region do show discrepancies as well; therefore, no single type of fiscal programme can be identified in the studied period.
Vállalati energiahatékonyság a gyakorlatban. Egy magyarországi kismintás elemzés tanulságai
Authors: Jóna László , Szemerédi Eszter
Published: October 2024

Achieving the EU’s climate neutrality target requires each Member State to reduce its energy consumption. Member States, including Hungary, are paying particular attention to encouraging businesses to modernise their energy consumption. Our research focuses on the results of energy efficiency measures implemented by large companies with more than 1,000 employees, based on the company energy efficiency reports available online between 2017 and 2021. Our research also incorporates results from four interviews conducted with companies and two interviews conducted with energy efficiency experts. The sample of 24 companies obtained through data reduction is not representative, but the analysis shows that the most commonly implemented measures in the 5 years analysed were raising employee awareness and lighting upgrades. The four company and two expert interviews confirmed that companies prefer energy efficiency investments that pay off in the short to medium term. By ownership structure, there were differences in the type of measures implemented. The main driver for energy efficiency measures is cost reduction, complemented by sustainability considerations such as reducing carbon emissions.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of titrated oral misoprostol solution and conventional oral misoprostol tablet regimen for Induction of labor
Authors: Lovenia Dr
Published: October 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of titrated oral misoprostol solution (OMS) and conventional oral misoprostol tablet (OMT) regimen for induction of labor. Material and Methods: A cohort of two hundred pregnant women with term, singleton pregnancies with an indication for induction were included in the study. The study group(OMS) included hundred women who were allocated to receive 20 ml of oral misoprostol solution(1µg/ml) hourly maximum of 4 doses , then titrated to 40 ml (40µg) hourly maximum of 8 doses. In the control group (OMT) hundred women were induced with 50 µg of misoprostol tablet orally, 4 hourly maximum of 6 doses. The induction to delivery interval, requirement of oxytocin, dose of misoprostol used, mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal outcome were analyzed statistically. Results: The number of patients who delivered vaginally were more in study group i.e 81(81%) patients as compared to control group i.e 73(73%) patients and the difference was statistically significant(p value=0.03). The number of patients who had meconium stained liquor with non reassuring fetal heart rate were significantly higher in control group (OMT) as compared with study group(OMS)[26 {96%} versus 12{63%} p value =0.01].Whereas induction to delivery interval, proportion of patient delivered vaginally in 24 hours, need for oxytocin augmentation, maternal adverse reaction and neonatal outcome were not significantly different (p>0.05). Conclusion: Titrated oral solution is as effective as conventional oral tablet of misoprostol for labor induction in term pregnant women and small doses at frequent intervals seem to be safer in terms of risk of meconium stained liquor with abnormal fetal heart rate and caesarean section. Keywords: Titrated misoprostol, Induction of labor, Cesarean section, Efficacy and safety
Ectopic Pregnancy at a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Six-Year Review
Authors: Ewuoso Dr Bernard. O.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancies, though a disease of vagaries, its diagnosis remains essentially clinical; hence, a review of sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and clinical features will help determine the pattern of presentation. Objective: To highlight the characteristics that best predict ectopic pregnancy. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive analysis of 128 cases of ectopic pregnancy that were managed in a tertiary hospital from January 2009 to December 2014. Relevant information was extracted from patients’ case files, and the data obtained were analyzed. Results: Ectopic pregnancies constituted 4% of all gynecological admissions and 2.1% of all pregnancies occurring commonly in the age group 25–29 years. The commonest clinical presentations were lower abdominal pain (94.5%), amenorrhea (64%), and vaginal bleeding (53.9%). The majority (44.5%) of the women had a history of previous induced abortions. Sixty-nine patients had their diagnosis made clinically, and there was no maternal mortality. Conclusion: Lower abdominal pain in the presence of amenorrhea is a good predictor of ectopic pregnancy. Other symptoms that might be helpful in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy are a previous history of induced abortion and vaginal bleeding. This, however, needs further research.
AI-Powered Healthcare: Transforming Patient Outcomes with Machine Learning
Authors:   Elevance Health, Kambala Mahesh
Published: October 2024

AI and ML have flooded the healthcare industry with new technological approaches to affect patient experiences through smart approaches towards predictability, treatment, and diagnosis. The following paper focuses on exploring the effects caused by the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in the sphere of healthcare. This research explores different case studies to prove that early diagnosis, treatment customization, and organizational effectiveness are all driven by AI. The paper is concerned with the approaches used in the implementation of artificial intelligence in the health sector, together with the consequent enhancement of patients’ experiences. This paper also looks at some of the issues of ethics and the future of artificial intelligence in the health sector while focusing on proactively securing the patient and the progress of the technology. Keywords: AI in Healthcare, Machine Learning, Patient Outcomes, Predictive Analytics, Healthcare