bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastritis and peptic ulcers are associated with the lower levels of plasma lipids: possible involvement of histamine
Authors: Mohsen Laiegh , Hafez Fakheri , Mehdi Rasouli
Published: March 2024

Background: Histamine receptors are involved to regulate lipid metabolism, so the hypothesis will arise that pathological states with abnormal histamine levels are associated with altered plasma lipids. Objectives: To study the profile of plasma lipids in patients with gastritis and peptic ulcer (GPU). Methods: In a case-control study, 70 dyspeptic patients were selected according to clinical criteria and using gastroduodenoscopy and compared with sex and age matched normal subjects. Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes between two groups. But allergy, the familial history of allergy and dyspeptic and H. pylori infection were more prevalent in case group compared with controls. The levels of the indices of inflammation and body hydration were the same in two groups. Patients with dyspeptic compared with the controls had the lower concentrations of serum triglyceride (139.2±44.3 vs. 153.4±91.3), p≤0.553), total cholesterol (174.6±32.4 vs. 192.8±52.0, p≤0.073, LDLc (93.4±20.2 vs. 105.4±32.2, p≤0.015) and NonHDLc (130.2±38.1 vs. 159.2±42.2, p≤0.008). The level of HDL had not a significant change (43.4±7.8 vs. 43.5±12.7, p≤0.930). Dyspeptic state had negative significant correlation with total cholesterol, LDLc and NonHDLc but not HDLc. Neither the markers of inflammation nor the indices of body hydration had significant correlation with GPU. Conclusions: The GPU patients relative to normal group had the lower levels of serum lipids. The hypolipemic effects may be attributed to increased level of histamine in GPU patients.
Bangladesh’s Role in a Free and Open Indo-Pacific: A Proposed Strategy
Authors: Akter Shrabony , Rafah Julian
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh has recently promulgated its Indo-Pacific Outlook amid the growing US-China rivalry. This article aims to critically analyze the Indo-Pacific outlook to find the limitations and inherent ambiguities and, finally provide policy recommendations by proposing a comprehensive strategy that Bangladesh must adopt for a free, open, and rules-based Indo-Pacific region. A thorough literature review has been conducted based on the latest research books and articles on this issue, Indo-pacific strategy papers of advanced democracies like the United States, and commentaries of renowned International relations and security experts. A comprehensive strategy has been proposed as opposed to the Indo-Pacific outlook, and the proposed strategy has emphasized how Bangladesh can play a more significant role in the Indo-Pacific region to become a key player, given its Geo-Stragetic position. The article proposes a new strategy for Bangladesh that has a clear modus operandi and is free from ambiguities.
A Building Block Approach to Complex Cultural Concepts
Authors: Taves Ann , Asprem Egil
Published: March 2024

The building block approach (BBA) is a metatheoretical framework for studying the complex relationship between human psychology and cognition on the one hand, and socio-cultural formations and practices on the other. As such the BBA belongs to the wider project of consilience between the sciences and the humanities. The aim is to provide a common language that allows scholars in the humanities and social sciences to bring psychological and neuroscientific research to bear on the study of culturally embedded experiences, practices, and group formations, including those related to religion\s. The building block approach is premised on the idea that human experience and practice are typically expressed in terms of “complex cultural concepts” (CCCs) embedded in social formations. To explain them, we need to redescribe the phenomena of interest in behavioral terms and decompose them into components (or building blocks) in order to reconstruct how the phenomena emerged and identify mechanisms that interact to produce them. The process for doing this is referred to as reverse engineering.This approach thus treats “religion” as a complex cultural concept and “religions” as social formations, breaks both down into components (referred to here as decomposing or reverse engineering), and seeks to explain how the components interact and, thus, the mechanism or process whereby (through their interaction) they form religious as well as nonreligious formations. Reverse engineering is the research strategy at the heart of the building block approach. Simply put, reverse engineering entails a series of steps designed to take apart a complex system and analyze its constituent parts to (1) find out how it works and (2) trace how the parts (events, actions, and representations) have been assembled and labeled in specific formations. It thus is the basic strategy for learning more about human experience as it is mediated by CCCs in social formations.
Heuristics for meta-planning from a normative model of information search
Authors: Kuperwajs Ionatan , Ho Mark K , Ma Wei Ji
Published: March 2024

Planning, the process of evaluating the future consequences of actions, is typically formalized as search over a decision tree. More search means higher expected rewards, but tree search is computationally expensive. Most approaches designed to mitigate the costs associated with tree search have been driven by researcher-specified heuristics, and only recently have normative solutions been applied to the domain of planning. An open question is how people approximate the values associated with potential plans while they are planning. In this work, we propose to abstract planning as an information search problem to produce heuristics for meta-planning, or to determine which action to plan for. Specifically, we model a metacognitive process where evaluating candidate actions is viewed as gaining noisy measurements of the value of each action. This statistical estimate is then combined with prior experience in a Bayesian manner to decide whether and in which direction to continue sampling. This Bayesian meta-planner makes intuitive predictions across a range of parameters and acts as a more valuable, informed method for guiding search when compared to best-first and breadth-first search. Additionally, the Bayesian meta-planner qualitatively accounts for response time trends in a complex planning task. Thus, we provide a principled framework for information search that directs simulations towards the most promising actions, deriving heuristics that generalize to people's behavior while planning.
Attitudes towards artificial intelligence at work: Scale development and validation.
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Woo Sang Eun , Kim JeongJin
Published: March 2024

In this study, we developed and validated a scale to capture individuals’ AAAW using three independent samples (total N = 2,841). The resulting 25-item scale covers an overall construct of AAAW as well as six dimensions that are subsumed under the construct (i.e., perceived humanlikeness, perceived adaptability, perceived quality of AI, AI use anxiety, job insecurity, and personal utility).
Association between nutritional status of Filipino preschool children and participation in government programmes at the household and individual levels
Authors:   Food and Nutrition Research Institute-Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines, Arias Frances Pola S. , Ferrer Eldridge B. ,   Food and Nutrition Research Institute-Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Health and nutrition interventions in developing countries have been linked to better thriving and survival of children. Identifying programmes with significant effect on the nutritional status of Filipino preschool children may aid in identifying impactful interventions in addressing malnutrition. This study evaluated the association between nutritional status of preschool children and government programme participation based on the 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS) results. Methods: Secondary data analysis of 12,949 preschool children was performed from the 2018 ENNS. The selected data included socioeconomic, anthropometric, and self-reported household-level and individual-level government programme participation. Chi-square test for association and multiple logistic regression were conducted using Stata version 16. Results: Participation in immunisation programme, growth monitoring, household food production, and awareness and usage of iodised salt were negatively associated with at least one type of undernutrition. Consequently, participation in deworming programme was positively associated with both underweight and stunting. Regression analysis showed that preschool children who underwent growth monitoring were less likely to be stunted (OR=0.58), while those who underwent newborn screening were less likely to be underweight (OR=0.53) and stunted (OR=0.62). On the contrary, dewormed children were more likely to be stunted (OR=1.63) and those from 4Ps households were more likely to be wasted (OR=2.24). Conclusion: There is a need to re-evaluate programme strategies to maximise the benefits provided. Programmes showing significant associations with nutritional status including immunisation, growth monitoring, deworming, household food production, and awareness and usage of iodised salt should be continued and sustained with updated policies.
Development and validation of the Salt Intake-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire for Malaysian adults
Authors:   Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia, Zainorain Natasha Zainal Arifen , Ngoh Wan Hwah ,   Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia, Hng Jie Wei ,   Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia, Siti Aishah Ismail ,   Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia, Maryam Hanis Fairuzam ,   Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia, Hasnah Haron ,   Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Malaysian adults consume excessive amounts of salt daily, which could lead to hypertension. Understanding knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) surrounding salt intake is crucial for designing effective interventions to reduce excessive consumption and its associated health risks. Therefore, this study aimed to adapt an existing salt intake-related KAP questionnaire that was previously employed in a local population-based survey and to validate and test its reliability. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised two phases: (1) adaptation, content validation (CV), and face validation (FV); (2) pilot testing and reliability testing. CV and FV involved a total of seven experts and ten Malaysian adults from the Klang Valley, respectively. Pilot testing involved 139 Malaysian adults to determine the questionnaire’s reliability. Content validity index (CVI) and Face validity index (FVI) values were calculated to analyse CV and FV. Reliability of each domain was analysed by obtaining Cronbach’s alpha (α) values. Results: A self-administered questionnaire comprising six items each for knowledge, attitude, and practice was developed. The questionnaire demonstrated acceptable item-level CVI (I-CVI) and item-level FVI (I-FVI) values of at least 0.83, indicating that the items were relevant, clear, non-ambiguous, and simple. Reliability test showed acceptable α values of at least 0.70 for each domain, suggesting that the questionnaire was reliable. Conclusion: This tool could be considered valid and reliable for assessing the level of KAP towards salt intake among adults in Malaysia.
Analyzing the Relationship between Natural Resources Rents and Nepal's Gross Domestic Product
Authors: Dangal Dil Nath , Chapagai Shiva Dutta , Ghimire Krishna Prasad
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between natural resources rents and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), using the descriptive research design. The study collected quantitative data from the World Bank, covering the period from 1970 to 2020. Upon analyzing the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and total natural resources rents to GDP, the study found a statistically significant negative Pearson's correlation of -0.423 and a highly significant negative Spearman's rho correlation of -0.849. These findings indicate that there was a complex relationship between GDP and natural resources rents. The study suggests negative association between GDP and natural resource rents, providing insights into the importance of efficient use of natural resources in promoting sustainable economic growth.
Contribution of Skill and Knowledge of Return Migrant Workers in Economic Productive Sectors
Authors: Yakha Kamal Kumar
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on contribution of skill and knowledge of return migrant workers in economic productive sectors. It examined of acquired learn skills and knowledge are transferred by migrant workers from origin and the destination country. In the study areas, the purposive sampling method was used.  However, census method, was used only the purpose of selecting are identifying household survey in the study area. It includes those migrants who have migrated to foreign employment at least stay 6 months for work for the last 5 years.  However, from the total selected households were taken total 275 of the migrant respondents. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. In this study, both descriptive and analytical analysis approach were used. Similarly, qualitative information and quantitative data were used for this study purpose. Pilot survey was also conducted for purpose of selection of household. The study indicated that the majority of respondents were concluded to establish in agriculture / livestock. Similarly, higher volumes of migrant workers found in less than 2 lakha investment of remittances to established in enterprise. In large number of respondents haired two and three or more workers only part time work purpose. However, most of enterprises involved one worker regularly. In large numbers of respondents earn income higher less than twenty thousand per month in enterprise business. Majority of migrants purchased their earning income money on basic needs and to pay loans. Furthermore, most of respondents changed to improve in livelihood for basic needs of household family/ community. So, the research can be conducted skills and knowledge transformation on productive works for economic contribution purpose.
Assessment of Different Irrigation Systems and Agricultural Productivity in Nawalparasi (West) District
Authors: Dhakal Bhola Nath
Published: March 2024

Agriculture is the mainstay of people living in Nepal. The perception of agricultural yield has been broadly used to clarify the distributional organization and outline of agriculture. Irrigation is the practice of supplying water to the crops unnaturally to fulfill the water necessities. This study attempts to assess the different irrigation systems (surface irrigation, canal irrigation and ground water supply irrigation) practiced in Nawalparasi (west) district and their relation on agricultural productivity. Household survey with structural questionnaires, Key Informant Interview (KII)including field observation and marking on cadastral map has been used as primary sources of data and furthermore review of publications i.e., district profile, national agricultural census report, annual reports of district agriculture development office and research articles have been used as secondary sources of data. The result showed that the average productivity of different crops has affected by the reliability of sources of irrigation systems in all study sites. Further, diverse cropping patterns and cropping intensity were observed in different irrigation systems that ranging from 141 to 226.
Factors Affecting Employment Opportunities to Manufacturing Sector of Nepal
Authors: Dhungel Bashu Dev , Lamichhane Pitambar
Published: March 2024

Nepalese manufacturing sector is not properly developed. However, manufacturing sector provides wide employment opportunities to people. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting employment opportunities in Nepalese manufacturing sector. This paper has employed two stage least square (2SLS) method using the time series macroeconomic data. The 2SLS method has been used to avoid the simultaneous equation bias. Manufacturing employment is explained variable and real foreign direct investment, manufacturing gross domestic product, NEPSE index and government expenditure in manufacturing sector are considered as explanatory variables. The 2SLS results have confirmed that foreign direct investment flows, capital market development, government expenditure and real GDP are positive and significant factors which contribute to expand the employment opportunities in manufacturing sector of Nepal. Therefore, Government of Nepal rise the expenditure in manufacturing sector as well as others infrastructure development to increase the flows of foreign capital in manufacturing sector to generate the employment opportunities. Furthermore, government of Nepal focus to develop financial markets for capital creation which leads economic growth as well as employment opportunities.
The impact of regional and international variables on the Russian-Ukrainian war 2022
Authors: Jabur shayal Prof.Dr. Azeez , Safih Mustafa Jafaar
Published: March 2024

The Russian-Ukrainian war was not a momentary and instantaneous result, but rather goes back to historical roots and military, economic, and political causes and motives. Relations that historically extend over hundreds of years have witnessed many tensions and lulls at different points in time. Perhaps the most prominent stages of lulls are the relations that existed during the days of the Cold War between the United States and the Union. The Soviet Union had on its territory the largest nuclear arsenal of the Soviet Union when it was part of it. However, this calm in relations did not last long. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine quickly sought to join NATO. This was considered by Russia to be a return to the containment policy pursued by the United States during that period, and it repeatedly stated that Ukrainian joining NATO represented a threat to its vital and national security.The war affected the reality of the world in general and Europe in particular. The world today operates in a very interconnected manner. Russia and Ukraine, the largest food exporters in the world, were negatively affected by the war. Which led to the European decision being politically dispersed, militarily tense, and economically damaged.As a result, the above-mentioned reasons led to war, and since war often affects the security, safety, and interests of surrounding and even distant regions; The positions of countries regarding the war varied as a result of different points of view, especially between those that insinuate Russia’s right to maintain its security from NATO and the United States’ encirclement of it. These countries often seek in one way or another to change the form of the existing international order, such as China, and on the other hand, those countries Which tends to maintain the existing international system in its current form, such as the United States of America. Moreover, the positions of some countries have fluctuated as a result of their exposure to economic pressure due to their close economic relations with Russia on the one hand, and political pressure from the United States on the other hand.
Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Anti-Proliferative Activity of Flaxseed Oil Alone and In Combination with Mefenamic Acid in Cell Lines
Authors: Alzubaidy Noor , Sahib Hayder
Published: March 2024

The flaxseed oil contains alpha-linolenic acid, lignans and flavonoids. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tumor-suppressive effects. The purpose of this research was to explore the anti-proliferative effect of flaxseed oil alone and flaxseed oil in combination with mefenamic acid on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and Kaposi sarcoma cells and to identify the vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression. The anti-proliferative effects of flaxseed oil alone and in combination with mefenamic acid were investigated in vitro by the 3-(4, 5-Dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The effects of flaxseed oil alone and its combination with mefenamic acid were tested on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that the IC50 of flaxseed oil for human umbilical vein endothelial cells was 29.72 µg/ml and for Kaposi sarcoma cells was 16.48 µg/ml; moreover, the IC50 for flaxseed oil in combination with mefenamic acid for human umbilical vein endothelial cells was 252 µg/ml and for Kaposi sarcoma cells was 147.6 µg/ml. These outcomes revealed that flaxseed oil alone and its combination with mefenamic acid possess anti-angiogenic activity in a concentration-dependent manner which supported by significant decline in vascular endothelial growth factor expression.
Nephroprotective effect of Dapsone against Gentamicin-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Hussein Uday Abdul-Reda , M. Mohammed Naseer , F Al-Saedi Haider , A Ramadhan Mukhallad
Published: March 2024

Nephrotoxicity is one of the major complications and clinical limitations of gentamicin. This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of dapsone against gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Twenty-four healthy rats weighing between (270-300) g were equally divided into three groups, eight rats in each group:  control group received normal saline (2mL/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days , gentamicin group received (100 mg/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days, and dapsone group received (5 mg/kg/day p.o) concomitantly with gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days. At the end of experiment, blood and kidney tissue samples were collected from all animals for biochemical and histopathological examination.

Dapsone exhibited nephroprotective effect manifested by a significant decrease in serum levels of BUN, creatinine and KIM-1 with a significant increase total protein serum level. Besides, it improves oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of tissues, which was demonstrated by improving histological changes when compared to the gentamicin group. In conclusion, dapsone has a  nephroprotective effect by counteracting the renal deleterious effect of gentamicin .
Impact of community forestry program on rural livelihood strategy under socioeconomic transition: A case study in the Central Dry Zone of Myanmar
Authors: Maung Maung Thiri Hmwe , Ichikawa Masahiro
Published: March 2024

Livelihood diversification is a common strategy to adjust to economic and environmental shocks and reduce poverty. This paper compared the livelihood strategies of community forest user group households with non-community forest households as a case study in the central dry zone in Myanmar. Employing data from field surveys with a sample size of 189 households through stratified sampling, scores were given for five livelihood assets with 18 decision variables, and sectoral classification of livelihood diversification was applied. Results suggested that the community forestry program ensured the secure use of local people's land rights and significantly contributed to the daily needs of community forest user group households. In addition, the community forestry program provided working capital to its members through working on natural assets such as agroforestry, livestock, and off-farm (jaggery). Social, natural, and human assets play an essential role in the diversification patterns of local people under rural transition. This analysis showed that the community forest user group households faced three entry barriers which are weakness in social networking, high mobility of its members, and an insecure financial support system to move to Community Forestry based small business.
Perception of Generation Y on Waste Disposal and Waste Management in Sri Lanka with special reference to undergraduates of private universities in Colombo
Authors: Wanodya W.G.M.U. , Perera H.P.N.
Published: March 2024

Solid waste piling has become a serious problem to Sri Lanka. Urbanisation, industrialisation, and improvements in quality of life lead the increase in quantity and complexity of generated waste. The main purpose of this study is to determine the perception of undergraduates on waste, waste disposal mechanisms and waste management techniques in their living area. The research data obtained from one hundred and seventy three (n=173) undergraduate respondents from private universities located in Western Province, Colombo 07. A self-administered pre-validated questionnaire was used and the questionnaire was developed according to the literature survey and adapted accordingly to suit the Sri Lankan context. The data collection method was cross sectional. SPSS16.0 was used for data analysis. Data were analysed using cross-tab and chi square test. Cronbach’s alpha with the present sample was 0.63. The results revealed that 51% of the respondents do not have any clue of where their service providers are dumping their waste and 53% had reported that they are not concerned about it. Even though the responses are as such, 80% of the respondents had stated that they are aware that environmental degradation affects their families. The results revealed (based on p-value) that there is no association between gender and student perception on waste management. Furthermore student’s concern about the environment and waste management was moderate. Research reveals that there should be a proper mechanism to improve young generation’s concern about the environment and waste management to attain a sustainable future in the long term.
Influences of Human Activities on Tree Density and Diameter Distribution in Museve and Mutuluni Dryland Forest Fragments; Kitui County, Kenya
Authors: Musau J.M. , Mugo J.M.
Published: March 2024

Forest fragments in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands are key water catchment areas and provide important ecosystem services. However, uncontrolled human activities are fast altering their stem density basal area and diameter structure resulting into forest degradation. Besides, information regarding tree density and diameter size-class distribution of dryland forest fragments such as Museve and Mutuluni is lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to document key human activities in Museve and Mutuluni forest fragments in Kitui, Kenya and comparatively investigate their influences on stem density, basal area and stem diameter size-class distribution. Two belt transect of 20 m wide and 500 m long, with contiguous sample plots of 20 m by 20 m and subplots of 10 m by 10 m were established in each forest. Evidence of human activities, abundances and diameter measurements for mature trees were assessed in the 20 m by 20 m plots while abundances and diameter measurements for saplings were in the subplots. Mann-Whitney, t-test and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Mutuluni forest exhibited significantly (p<0.05) high stem density compared to Museve however, basal area density was not different (p<0.05). Introduction of exotic species enhanced basal area and stem density (p<0.05) in Museve forest. Tree cutting reduced both basal area and stem density in Museve forest and only stem density in Mutuluni. Stem-density diameter distribution in both forests followed a reverse J-curve but with more fluctuations and irregularities observed in Museve compared to Mutuluni forest. Diameter size-class distribution did not differ (p<0.05) across the two forests. Therefore human activities significantly impacted on tree density in both forest fragments with high impacts in Museve. This study recommends formulation of appropriate protection and conservation strategies, especially for Museve, to control tree cutting and increase tree density.
ඕරන්ගාබාද්හි වගෝරා මිටියාවතේ ඓතිහාසික බෞද්ධ කලා උරුමය
Authors: සුන ිල් දෑරංගල
Published: March 2024

මානව සමාජයේ පවතින විවිධ කලා සම්ප‍්‍රදායයන් අතුරින් සිතුවම්වලට හිමි වන්නේ අතිශය වැදගත් ස්ථානයකි. වසර දහස් ගණනක් පැරණි සිතුවම් ලෝකයේ විවිධ ස්ථානවල පවතීx ප‍්‍රංශයේ ලැස්කෝ හා ස්පාඤ්ඤයේ ඇල්ටමීරා ගුහාවල ඇති චිත‍්‍ර, ඉන්දියාවේ අජන්තා ගුහා ආශි‍්‍රතව ඇ`ද ඇති චිත‍්‍ර මෙන ්ම ශ‍්‍රී ලංකාවේ සීගිරි චිත‍්‍ර ද එබ`දු සිතුවම් අතර ප‍්‍රධාන තැනක් ගනීx ලැස්කෝ, ඇල්ටමීරා ගුහා සිතුවම් ප‍්‍රාග් ඓතිහාසික මානව නිර්මාණ ලෙස සැලකේx ප්‍රෙස්කෝ සිතුවම් ලෙස හ`දුනා ගෙන ඇති අජන ්තා හා සීග ිරි සිතුවම්, එ ්වා අ`දිනු ලැබූ කාලය, භාවිත කොට ඇති වර්ණ, හැඩතල ආදි විවිධ ලක්ෂණ පදනම් කොට ගෙන කිසියම් සාම්‍යයක් පෙන ්නුම් කෙරෙන බව හ`දුනා ගෙන ඇතx මේ අතුරින් අජන්තා සිතුවම් ඍජුව ම බෞද්ධාගමික පසුබිමක් තේමා කර ගනිමින් නිර්මාණය වූ එ ්වා යx එහෙත් සීගිරිියේ ලලනා සිතුවම් මගින් ඍජු බෞද්ධාගමික පදනමක් හ`දුනා ගත නො හැකි යx මේ අනුව මෙම චිත‍්‍ර සම්ප‍්‍රදායය දෙකට අදාළ සමානකම් මෙන් ම අසමානකම් ද පවතින බව නිරීක්ෂණය කළ හැකි ය.
Evaluation and Comparison of Tolerance of Ambiguity in Veterinary Pathology Professionals and Trainees
Authors: Fernandez Nicole J. , Dickinson Ryan M. , Burgess Hilary , Meachem Melissa
Published: March 2024

Ambiguity is ubiquitous in veterinary medicine, including in clinical and anatomic pathology. Tolerance of ambiguity (TOA) relates to how individuals navigate uncertainty. It is associated with psychological well-being in health professionals yet has been little investigated in veterinarians or veterinary pathologists. In this study, we used the Tolerance of Ambiguity of Veterinary Students (TAVS) scale and eight previously evaluated items specific to clinical pathology to evaluate and compare TOA in pathology professionals and trainees. We hypothesized that scores would be higher (reflecting greater TOA) for professionals than for trainees, that scores would increase with years of diagnostic experience for professionals and year of study for trainees, and that scores would be higher for clinical than anatomic pathologists due to the frequent ambiguity of clinical pathology practice. One hundred eighty one pathology professionals and trainees participated. TAVS scores were significantly higher for professionals than for trainees, and scores increased significantly with year of experience for professionals but not with year of study for trainees. When comparing disciplines, TAVS scores for all clinical pathologists were significantly lower than scores for all anatomic pathologists. Scores for clinical pathology specific items showed similar trends to TAVS scores, except when comparing disciplines (clinical pathologists tended to have higher scores for these items). Results suggest pathology professionals become more tolerant of ambiguity throughout their careers, independent of increasing TOA with age, and that navigating ambiguity might be more difficult for trainees than for professionals. Educational interventions might help trainees learn to successfully navigate ambiguity, which could impact psychological well-being.
Hydraulic parameters of Submenilite Formation of Ždánice Unit
Authors: Janíček Ondřej , Kuchovský Tomáš
Published: March 2024

This study aims to re-asses hydrodynamic tests of the Submenilite Unit of the Outer Carpathian Flysch Zone sediments, exposed at Přítlucká hora located near Rakvice village in South Moravian region, Czech Republic. We focused on four shallow, 6.0–7.6 m deep hydrogeological wells, drilled by Aqua Enviro s. r. o. company in 2005. The purpose of the drilling was a feasibility study for drainage of western part of Rakvice village. The sediments of the Submenilite Formation of the Ždánice unit that were drilled are dominated by compressed clays, claystones and siltstones, containing thin layers of sand and weathered sandstones. For the purpose of determining hydraulic parameters of underlying aquifer, the company conducted pumping and recovery tests on each of the wells. In this work, we used Jacob’s semilogarithmic method to interpret the measured groundwater level data. Hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity parameters were consequently calculated. The resulting transmissivity values range from 1.6 × 10–2 m2/d to 3.7 × 10–1 m2 /d and hydraulic conductivity value ranges from 3.6 × 10–3 m/d to 1.0 × 10–1 m/d. The calculated index of transmissivity Y corresponds to 4.32–4.57 and index of conductivity Z ranges between 5.80 and 6.27. The values of index of transmissivity Y from this study are generally comparable with results presented by previous authors and demonstrate very low transmissivity of the rocks of this unit mostly built by non-permeable pelitic rocks.
Еdgе fiеld of dеflеctorplаtes with expanding screens
Authors: Spivak-Lavrov I.F. , Sharipov S.U. , Seiten A.B. , Trubitsyn A.A.
Published: March 2024

Deflector plates consist of two parallel conductive plates that create a deflecting electric field. They can be used to control the flow of charged particles ― electrons or ions. The effect of the еdgе fiеld of deflector plates leads to a change in the velocity of charged particles in the longitudinal and transverse directions, consequently of which their real trajectories change, deviating from ideal ones, which violates the space-time resolution of corpuscular optical devices in which they are used. Apart from that, the electric field at the input to the plates of deflector can vary over time, which must also be taken into account when the deflector diverts the beam of charged particles. Thus, in many cases, the use of deflector plates with open ends is inappropriate, since uncontrolled scattering fields are formed. In this article, we can consider the field of deflector plates with expanded screens at the output, so that deflecting beams of charged particles can be used at the output of deflector plates. Using the methods of the theory of complex variable functions, analytical expressions for the edge field of deflector plates with grounded screens were obtained. Firstly, by grounding the screens and shielding the plates from the deflection field, we can localize the edge electric field and reduce the uncontrolled scattering fields, and secondly, such a field can be accurately calculated analytically.
Tradisi Pesantren: Pembacaan Asmaul Husna Di Pondok Pesantren Al-Munawwir K3 Arofah Sebagai Upaya Santri Dalam Kemudahan Memahami Pelajaran
Authors: Zaki Ahmad Fahmi , Assegaf Ja'far
Published: March 2024

Tradisi membaca Asmaul husna merupakan bagian dari tradisi keagamaan di pesantren. Membaca Asmaul Husna merupakan anjuran dari agama untuk diamalkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, salah satunya adalah Pondok Pesantren Al-Munawwir Komplek K3 Arofah mengamalkan tradisi ini. Tradisi membaca Asmaul Husna Krapyak merupakan tradisi yang memiliki nilai normatif sesuai ajaran Islam berdasarkan Al-Quran dan Hadis dan juga memiliki historis. Tidak hanya itu, pengamalan tradisi ini tentu memiliki tujuan dan kepentingan lain dari pengamalannya. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan motif dan tujuan santri mengamalkan tradisi pembacaan Asmaul Husna Krapyak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori tindakan sosial Max Weber sebagai pisau analisisnya untuk mendeskripsikan tujuan dari tindakan tradisi membaca Asmaul Husna Krapyak yang dilakukan santri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa santri yang mengamalkan tradisi ini tidak hanya bersifat normatif, dan meneruskan tradisi yang sudah ada, tetapi terdapat tujuan dan motivasi lain yaitu ketenangan jiwa, keberkan dan terutama agar diberi kemudahan dalam memahami pelajaran baik di pesantren maupun di perkuliahan.
PERSEPSI GURU DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI SDN KEMBANG HABANG 1 KABUPATEN TAPIN
Authors: Faridah Siti , Saputra Ridho Indra , Ramadhani Muhammad Ihsan
Published: March 2024

Kurikulum merdeka ini masih cenderung baru bagi guru dan peserta didik, terkait dengan pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka masih banyak guru yang bingung dengan implementasi kurikulum merdeka. Salah satunya di SDN Kembang Habang 1 Kabupaten Tapin di mana kebanyakan guru memiliki persepsi yang berbeda-beda terhadap implementasi kurikulum merdeka pada proses pembelajaran di sekolah. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis persepsi guru dalam implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar di SDN Kembang Habang 1 Kabupaten Tapin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, sumber data penelitian di peroleh dari tiga orang guru kelas 1 dan 4 yang sudah menerapkan kurikulum merdeka. Teknik pengumpulan data  yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yaitu dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga guru hanya satu guru yang tidak sependapat bahwa kurikulum merdeka sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik, namun untuk kebehasilan kurikulum merdeka dalam memberikan pelajaran yang menyenangkan bagi peserta didik semua guru setuju, namun semua guru sependapat bahwa kurikulum merdeka sangat sulit dalam mempelajarinya sehingga perlu pelatihan khusus agar tidak salah dalam menerapkan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas.
EVALUASI KINERJA BAWASLU DALAM MENANGANI PELANGGARAN PADA PEMILU 2019 DI KOTA SUKABUMI
Authors: Mulyadi Andi , Aprilianti Liza , Salsabila Tryannisa Dzulhaiza , Lestari Trisya Murti , Salsabila Siti
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja Bawaslu Kota Sukabumi dalam menangani pelanggaran yang terjadi selama pemilu tahun 2019. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, ditemukan 21 temuan dugaan pelanggaran pemilu dan 10 laporan dugaan pelanggaran pemilu. Dari temuan dan laporan tersebut, Bawaslu Kota Sukabumi telah berhasil memproses dan menangani sekitar 26 pelanggaran hingga selesai. Kinerja Bawaslu Kota Sukabumi telah mencapai standar yang ditetapkan dalam Undang-Undang No. 07 tahun 2017. Bawaslu Kota Sukabumi telah berhasil secara optimal dalam melaksanakan tugas pengawasan dan penanganan pelanggaran pemilu. Selain itu, mereka juga berhasil mengumpulkan bukti dan informasi terkait temuan dan laporan pelanggaran pemilu yang dilaporkan oleh masyarakat atau pihak terkait.
The use of geometric morphometry and traditional methods to analyze intraspecific variability of the first lower molar (m1) of Alexandromys fortis (Arvicolinae) in island and continental populations of Primorye, Russia
Authors: Vinokurova M.A. , Tiunov M. P. , Golenishchev F.N.
Published: March 2024

The complexity of the structure of the dental surface of the first lower molar (m1) of mainland and island populations of the reed vole Alexandromys fortis (Büchner, 1889) was assessed using two different methods. Using the traditional approach and methods of geometric morphometry (GM), the morphological variability of the anteroconid m1 of this species of the mainland (the south of Primorsky Krai) and the islands of the Peter the Great Gulf was analyzed. The traditional approach was based on describing the folding of the occlusal surface using three features: 1) folding of the lingual side of the anterior unpaired anteroconid loop (AC); 2) the shape of the labial side of the AC; 3) the shape of the fourth lingual reentrant angle. On the mainland part of the species' range, the highest occurrence was shown by morphotype III-C-a, which also predominated in the Late Pleistocene samples of the species in Primorye. The research revealed increased morphotypic diversity in island populations of the reed vole, which is probably due to the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the founders of island populations, as well as inbreeding, which can cause the release of hidden diversity and an increase in the number of rare morphotypes. The most numerous morphotype on the De Livrona – Durnovo Islands was II-C-a, rare for the mainland. In general, the most complex forms are present on the islands. Using a geometric morphometry approach, the anteroconid was divided into two separately studied structures: the anterior unpaired loop of the anteroconid (AC) and the base of the anteroconid (AB). The distribution of AC configurations in the space of the two principal components took on an arcuate shape, revealing a “forbidden zone.” The main changes occur on the lingual side of the AC. Regression analysis showed a direct relationship between the length of the contour (mm) and the complication of the shape of the anterior unpaired loop. The base of the anteroconid (AC) also undergoes transformation: it either stretches or contracts, while if the anterior unpaired loop of the anteroconid (AB) is more complex, then simplification and compression of its base is observed (negative regression). Analysis of the results of using two approaches, traditional and GM methods, in the analysis of the variability of the anteroconid section m1 of A. fortis showed extreme subjectivity in the use of the first one and the wide possibilities of the second one for identifying different aspects of molare transformation using mathematical methods.
New finding of Bolbossus bervoetsi Gnezdilov et Bourgoin, 2016 (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Issidae) in Baltic amber, with description of a female and fifth instar nymph
Authors: Gnezdilov V.M.
Published: March 2024

New material on the planthopper species, Bolbossus bervoetsi Gnezdilov et Bourgoin, 2016 (Issidae, Issinae, Parahiraciini), originally described more than 100 years ago based on an adult of unknown sex from the Baltic amber, is redescribed and illustrated based on a female and fifth instar nymph recently discovered in the collection of the Natural History Museum of Denmark (Copenhagen).
Comparison of haracteristics of the karyotype and meiosis of cryptic forms of the viviparous lizard Zootoca vivipara and species of the closely related genus Takydromus (Squamata: Lacertidae)
Authors: Kupriyanova L.A. , Safronova L.D.
Published: March 2024

Characteristics of the karyotype and early meiosis of two males of the cryptic “western” form of the viviparous lizard (Zootoca vivipara Lichtenstein, 1823) (genus Zootoca Wagler, 1830) with multiple sex chromosomes (female Z1Z2W/Z1Z1Z2Z2 male) were examined. The data obtained were compared with 1) those of the males of the same cryptic form from other locality, with 2) those of the males of other cryptic form also possessing the multiple sex chromosomes and with 3) those of the species of closely related genus Takydromus Daudin, 1802 with simple sex chromosomes, ZW/ZZ. Multiple sex chromosomes may influence meiosis and play a role in isolation. The males of cryptic western form of Z. vivipara studied revealed the karyotype with 36 acrocentric chromosomes (2n=36A). In early meiosis the spreading of synaptonemal complexes (SC) of the bivalents of these males were obtained and analyzed. Eighteen SC were observed, including SC of the Z1Z1 (pair 6) sex chromosomes. Characteristics of SC are compared with the number and the shape of bivalents and chromosomes at the diakinesis and metaphase 11 stages of the meiosis of the males from other population and with those in the other cryptic Russian form of the species. Comparative analysis of two cryptic forms has demonstrated some differences in the morphology of SC Z1Z1 sex chromosomes at the early stages of prophase 1 of meiosis (the late zygotena – the middle pachytene stages). However both the SC of sex chromosomes and SC of all remained chromosomes were fully synapted. All 18 bivalents were regular segregated forming haploid spermatocyte II with18 chromosomes, including two sex chromosomes (n=8, Z1Z2) Thus characteristics of karyotype and early meiosis of the males of western form belonging to different localities are fully coincident with those of Russian cryptic forms of Z. vivipara with multiple sex chromosomes as well. However, these features were differed from those for the species of the closely related genus Takydromus with simple sex chromosome system (ZW) where some disturbances in the course of mitoses and meiosis were observed. The results are in agreement with those suggested previously about the genomic factor(s) stabilizing the meiosis and the maintenance of multiple sex chromosome in the different cryptic forms of complex Z. vivipara.
Influence of the Amount of Conductive Component on the Electrical Resistivity of Fine-Grained Electrically Conductive Concrete
Authors: BAKHRAH A.M. , LARSEN O.A. , SAMCHENKO S.V.
Published: March 2024

Approaches to the production of electrically conductive concrete and the possibility of its application through the use of electrical properties in various industries are considered. The results of testing the compositions of fine-grained self-compacting concrete based on Portland cement CEM I 52.5 N, sand with a size modulus Mk=2.43 and polycarboxylate plasticizer for changes in electrical resistivity during hardening are presented. The increase in specific electrical conductivity was provided by the introduction of conductive components in various quantities, such as construction soot, carbon black K-354, graphite EUT-2. The positive effect of increasing the amount of the conductive component on the electrical resistivity for 28 days of normal hardening of the samples and on the ability to resistive heating by changing the surface temperature of the samples when passing a direct current with a voltage of 30 V. is shown.
ОСНОВНІ ЕТАПИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ГЕОДЕЗИЧНИХ РОБІТ ПІД ЧАС ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ЗЕМЛЕВПОРЯДНИХ ЗАХОДІВ
Authors: Максютов А. О.
Published: March 2024

У статті розглянуто основні етапи та особливості проведення геодезичних робіт під час здійснення землевпорядних заходів. Встановлено, що проведення землевпорядних заходів є одним із складних процесів, оскільки включає великий комплекс робіт, спрямованих на вивчення стану земельних ресурсів, їх розподілу та організацію території в цілому. Доведено, що особливе місце в землеустрої та землевпорядкуванні відводиться геодезичним роботам, які характеризуються достатньою складністю їх проведення. У зв’язку з цим виникає безліч питань щодо організації та реалізації такого виду робіт.