bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Freeze-drying and Hot-pressing Strategy to Embed Two-dimensional Ti0.87O2 Monolayers in Commercial Polypropylene Films With Enhanced Dielectric Properties 
Authors: Tian Wenchao , Cai Cailing , Wu Zeyi , Zhang Chenchen , Yin Ting , Lao Sijia , Yan Fei , linfeng Hu
Published: August 2020

The dielectric capacitor has been widely used in advanced electronic and electrical power systems due to their capability of ultrafast charging-discharging and ultrahigh power density. Nevertheless, their energy density is still limited by the low dielectric constant (≈ 2.2) of the commercial dielectric polypropylene (PP). The conventional enhancement strategy by embedding inorganic fillers in PP matrix is still difficult and challenging due to that PP hardly dissolves in any inorganic/organic solvent. In this work, we develop a new strategy including freeze-drying, surface functionalization and hot-pressing to incorporate Ti0.87O2 monolayers in PP film. A series of uniform composited Ti0.87O2@PP film has been successfully fabricated with Ti0.87O2 content range of 0-15 wt%. The maximum dielectric constant of the as-prepared Ti0.87O2@PP film is 3.27 when the Ti0.87O2 content is 9 wt%, which is about 1.5 times higher than that of pure PP. Our study provides a feasible strategy to embed two-dimensional material into commercial PP thin-film with superior dielectric performance for practical application.
Vibrational Impact on Milled Surface Irregularities
Authors: Lishchenko N. V. , Larshin V. P. , Pitel J.
Published: August 2020

The methodology and results of a simultaneous study of causally linked parameters of mechanical vibration (cause) and surface irregularities (consequence) in flat milling with an end mill are given. The features of measurement and analysis of surface quality parameters through the application of the separation frequency method of profilogram harmonic components on the surface roughness, waviness, and the deviation of the profile are reviewed. A new method of profilogram digital processing is developed, comprising the steps of its digitization, low-pass filtering, and the formation of the roughness profile. The initial theoretical positions on modeling mechanical (elastic) waves which are caused by vibration in the cutting zone and propagate in a solid, liquid, and gas (air) media are presented. The results of experimental studies of milled surface profilogram and the vibro-displacement signal in the milling are given.

Keywords: part performance, surface finish, surface integrity, vibro-acceleration, vibro-velocity, vibro-displacement, roughness, waviness, form deviation.
Effect of Sodium Chloride on Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Polyethylene Coatings on Alloy Steel at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Anyanwu K. O. , Ogu I. S. , Nzei H. O.
Published: August 2020

An investigation was conducted on the effect of sodium chloride concentration on corrosion inhibition efficiency of High-Density Polyethylene (HDP) coating on alloy steel in sodium chloride solutions of different degrees of salinity. In the study, four test media were used: the first is 20 l of distilled water in a rectangular base plastic container; the second is 20 l of distilled water in a rectangular base plastic container in which 200 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) was dissolved entirely, giving a concentration of 10 g/l (0.01 g/cm²). Similarly, the third medium is 20litres of distilled water in which 300 g of NaCl was dissolved entirely, having 15 g/l (0.015 g/cm²) concentration. The fourth medium is prepared by dissolving 400 g of NaCl in 20litres of distilled water, resulting in 20 g/l (0.02 g/cm²) concentration. The container used for each medium is a rectangular base plastic container. Twenty-eight (28) uncoated and twenty-eight (28) polyethylene-coated alloy steel coupons of dimension 5×30×50 mm with an 8 mm diameter hole each were used for this investigation. Seven coated coupons each were wholly immersed in 10, 15, and 20 g/l, and zero salinity distilled water. Similarly, seven uncoated coupons each were immersed entirely in 10, 15, and 20 g/l and zero salinity distilled water. The coupons in various test media were exposed to ambient temperature for a total of 49 days. One coupon from each of the media is reweighed on weekly bases and the weight loss (g), corrosion rate (mm/year), and corrosion inhibition efficiency were calculated and recorded. From the results obtained, the corrosion rate of the coupons increases with an increase in sodium chloride solution. It is also observed from the results obtained considering the variation of corrosion rates of polyethylene coated coupons with sodium chloride concentration and the variation of corrosion rates of uncoated coupons with sodium chloride concentration that the corrosion rate of the coupons is lesser with the polyethylene coating compared with the uncoated coupons. The results show that the corrosion rate of coupons falls over time, and more rapidly at an early time of exposure, say the first week. From the result of the variation of corrosion inhibition efficiencies of polyethylene coated coupons with sodium chloride concentration, it is observed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of polyethylene decreases over time and decrease also with an increase in sodium chloride concentration.

Keywords: alloy steel, coating, corrosion inhibition, high-density polyethylene, sodium chloride.
Functional Diagnostic System for Multichannel Mine Lifting Machine Working in Factor Cluster Analysis Mode
Authors: Zimovets V. I. , Shamatrin S. V. , Olada D. E. , Kalashnykova N. I.
Published: August 2020

The primary direction of the increase of reliability of the automated control systems of complex electromechanical machines is the application of intelligent information technologies of the analysis of diagnostic information directly in the operating mode. Therefore, the creation of the basics of information synthesis of a functional diagnosis system (FDS) based on machine learning and pattern recognition is a topical task. In this case, the synthesized FDS must be adaptive to arbitrary initial conditions of the technological process and practically invariant to the multidimensionality of the space of diagnostic features, an alphabet of recognition classes, which characterize the possible technical states of the units and devices of the machine. Besides, an essential feature of FDS is the ability to retrain by increasing the power of the alphabet recognition classes. In the article, information synthesis of FDS is performed within the framework of information-extreme intellectual data analysis technology, which is based on maximizing the information capacity of the system in the process of machine learning. The idea of factor cluster analysis was realized by forming an additional training matrix of unclassified vectors of features of a new recognition class obtained during the operation of the FDS directly in the operating mode. The proposed algorithm allows performing factor cluster analysis in the case of structured feature vectors of several recognition classes. In this case, additional training matrices of the corresponding recognition classes are formed by the agglomerative method of cluster analysis using the k-means procedure. The proposed method of factor cluster analysis is implemented on the example of information synthesis of the FDS of a multi-core mine lifting machine. Keywords: information-extreme intelligent technology, a system of functional diagnostics, multichannel mine lifting machine, machine learning, factor cluster analysis.
Intensification of Paper Drying on Drying Cylinders
Authors: Marchevsky V. M. , Novokhat O. A. , Vozniuk V. T. , Danchyshen I. A.
Published: August 2020

One of the most energy-intensive processes is the drying process. Therefore, an important task is to reduce heat consumption for drying. Various ways to improve the drying devices of paper and cardboard machines are identified. The main disadvantages of these improvements are given. The limiting factor of heat transfer from water vapor to paper is established. The dependence of thermal resistance on the thickness of the condensate layer is given. The authors have developed a new design for condensate drainage. The developed design allows installing movable siphons without replacement of steam inlet heads of the old type (for fixed siphons) with their insignificant modernization and cutting of an annular groove inside the drying cylinder. This will ensure a minimum level of condensate and eliminate the possibility of suction of steam into the condensate return system. Additionally, this will reduce thermal resistance, heat loss, and reduce energy consumption for paper drying as a whole.

Keywords: paper drying, moisture content, drying cylinder, thermal resistance, heat transfer.
Quantification of Execution and Emission Efficiency of a Fuelled Diesel Engine with Biodiesel
Authors: Nagendra S. , Santosh Kumar B. , Kiran A. V. N. S. , Ramanjaneyalu C. , Nagamani K.
Published: August 2020

A significant portion of the automobile and industrial sector is mostly dependent on the running of diesel engines as it is efficient and shifts a large of the goods around the globe and power various equipment. Also, as the use of energy as diesel fuel is increasing enormously with the expansion of industrial growth, diversification, this led to the accelerating global emissions, global climatic change, health issues, and exhaustion of fuels. To succumb this, alternative fuel is needed to fight against the ill effects and as a replacement to diesel fuel. Thus, vegetable oils as alternative fuels are drawing more attention as they are renewable and do not address the problem of greenhouse gas. In the present work, the cottonseed oil was chosen as the favorite among the vegetable oils due to its advantages like less pollutant level, excessive availability, etc. The transesterification process was used to produce the cottonseed oil biodiesel. This research aims to investigate efficiency, emission characteristics by using smooth diesel, cottonseed oil, and mixtures with varying composition from 20 % to 80 % in 20 % steps to identify sustainable fuel as a substitute for existing fuel and to overcome fuel demand and enviro effects. This test was conducted on single-cylinder four-stroke water-cooled diesel engines. From the results, it was revealed that cottonseed oil and its blends have a significant influence on performance and emission characters.

Keywords: water-cooled diesel engine, emission character, cottonseed oil, sustainable fuel.
Yet Again on the Contents of Friend or Foe Dichotomy
Authors: Egorov V.K.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the main directions and problems in the study of the friend or foe dichotomy, the relationship of its subjects, and the special locus of the definition “other” in a social context. The article highlights the basic foundations of this dichotomy and the discourses of its existence. Attention is drawn to the philosophical, scientific ideas and conclusions of Russia and foreign authors, which should be used to more adequately describe the nature of the processes that characterize the interaction of diverse individual and group actors of the opposition. The study represents the author’s vision of the features of real and virtual relations of subjects, key points and possible results of their interaction when referring to them in various worldview systems is proposed.
Evolution of the Specialty «Advertising and Public Relations»: history, current state and the trends for development
Authors: Glushchenko O.A. , Grishanin N.V.
Published: August 2020

The paper describes the history of the formation of the specialty “Advertising and PR” and the author’s vision of hidden conflict between modern requirements to the set of professional knowledge of young professionals in the field of advertising and public relations, and the content of the main learning outcomes in the form of a set of professional competences, which will have bachelors enrolled in 2019 entering the labor market in foreseeable future The logic of the article: the first part examines the history of the formation of the specialty and describes the transformation of the main requirements for the education of the graduate, separately describes the specifics of the current level of development of the bachelor’s degree (specialty); the second part provides an analytical overview of the needs of the modern professional sphere of advertising and public relations; the last part of the article represents the analysis of the competence models of bachelor’s training offered by Russian federal universities in the field of educational services, from the point of view of meeting the expectations of the professional environment.
Political Analysis of Boris Johnson’s Communicative Personality as a New Format Policy for the UK
Authors: Grigoryan D.K. , Kritskaya A.A. , Arapetyan D.A. , Verenich I.G.
Published: August 2020

When entering active politics, Boris Johnson tries to use his communicative properties as effectively as possible. A well-known graduate of Eton College, as well as Oxford, he actively communicates with his classmates and other graduates, as well as authoritative and influential people who will play key roles in his political career in the future. Being active in political communications, Johnson shows ‘political wobbles’ in the heterogeneous political space of the UK, thus earning unflattering reviews. So, after being appointed head of the Ministry of foreign Affairs, he is repeatedly criticized by the mass media and foreign politicians. Johnson actively speaks out about the problems of communication with China and Russia, showing fickle views and assessments. Johnson’s communicative-active and politically-discrete properties allow him to radically change his political statements without much personal difficulty. Not so long ago, he revised his attitude to the question of the influence of the Russian Federation on the referendum on Britain’s exit from the European Union, saying that after a long work, no evidence was found of Moscow’s interference in the referendum. Perhaps, we shall soon see another transformation of the views and skills of this shocking and new in all senses political person in the chair of the head of the UK ministry.
The Internet Community as a Phenomenon of Modern Network Culture (on the example of the KVN community in the social network VKontakte)
Authors: Ryazanov D.A.
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses the characteristics and specific features of the Internet community ‘I love KVN’, whereas identifying user tokens in a network group are shown during their adaptation in the community. The author considers users’ techniques and virtual tools (audio recordings, video recordings, text publications, images, animated images, posters, polls, etc.). The Internet, as unique in terms of the its conditions and possibilities, makes it possible to study sociological phenomena that were not actualized or so accessible to empirical study in different environment of activity and interaction. This is relevant in the light of the rapid development of thematic communities on the VKontakte social network. According to the Levada Center analytical center, today about 72% of the population of the Russia use the Internet “daily or almost daily” and “several times a week”. At the same time, about 45% of citizens go online “several times a day”; these are, first of all, the youngest Russians under the age of 25 (87%). The focus of our consideration is the group on VKontakte “I love KVN”. KVN (The Club of Cheerful and Inventive) is one of the first projects that appeared on domestic television in the format of a humorous game, in which teams (educational institutions, universities, enterprises, cities and so on) compete in humorous answers to questions asked, improvisations on given topics, playing pre-prepared scenes. In the narrow sense, KVN is a competition in one’s own wit. The long-term history of the project (since 1961) and the relentless attention to the game from the mass audience determined in many respects the appearance of communities of lovers of intellectual humorous competitions on various types of venues. With the advent of social networks on the Internet, many KVN fans have joined together in a community that currently numbers approximately 670 thousand people.
Communicative Transformation of Professional Values of Modern Scientific Communities
Authors: Proskurina A.S.
Published: August 2020

Today ethics is embodied not only in day-to-day life, but also in the communication that surrounds it. The study of communication in professional communities makes it possible to determine the relationship between declared and practically embodied values in work. Ethical attitudes are not only postulates embedded in ethical codes, but also principles of interaction embodied in the construction of the information space and decision-making. Features of modern communications influence the way professional ethics is structured, which, in turn, affects its content and practical implementation. The communication through the Internet makes scientific work performative, filling it with symbols and labels. Increasingly, communication practices have to be carried out around indicators, and thus communication becomes a conductor of neoliberal reforms in scientific work. Therefore, the consequence of modern forms of communication is the forced utilitarianism of ethics associated with the need to compete in the “scientific market”. The article suggests possible ways to overcome the contradictions of communicative transformations of professional values.
Trademarks in the Light of the Thomas Theorem: a model of a social object ontology
Authors: Babich N.S. , Batykov I.V.
Published: August 2020

The paper considers the reasons for the existence of trademarks as a social phenomenon. The authors reveal three dominant functional explanations: rationalistic, stratification and semantic. A rationalistic model describes a trademark in terms of identifying the source of the goods (the trademark allows the consumer to identify the goods of a particular manufacturer). The stratification explanation defines the function of the trademark in terms of demonstratively maintaining social differentiation and the distribution of prestige. The semantic approach focuses on the trademark as a mental cell in the consumer’s memory archive, which contains information about the product and its associations. All three approaches are characterized by common problems of functional explanation, namely: the logical circle and internal connection with the homeostatic image of the social system. To overcome these problems, the authors propose an approach to the social ontology of trademarks based on the well-known “Thomas theorem”, which allows to establish causal relationships between the subjective and objective world on the basis of the postulation of equality between reality and perception at the level of formation of human actions. The authors demonstrate the explanatory power of the “Thomas theorem” on example of self-fulfilling prophecies that can be observed in the practice of using trademarks, considering the rationalistic, prestigious and semantic functions of trademarks through the prism of this principle.
Classification of Types of Interreligious Dialogue
Authors: Melnik S.V.
Published: August 2020

The existing classifications of types of interreligious dialogue have significant limitations and shortcomings and do not allow us to describe this extremely complex, multi- faceted phenomenon in a systematic and complete way. This paper represents original classification of interreligious dialogue, which overcomes the disadvantages of current research approaches in this area. On the basis of the «intention» criterion, i.e. the motivation that encourages followers of different religions to come into contact with each other, four types of interreligious dialogue are distinguished: polemical, cognitive, peacemaking and partnership. These types of dialogue are lined up respectively around the following questions: Who is right?, Who are you?, How can we live together peacefully? and What can we do to improve the world?. In each of the four types of interreligious dialogue using the criteria goal (i.e. tasks headed towards by the participants in the dialogue); principles i.e. the starting points, which determine the interaction), and form (i.e. participants in the dialogue) various sorts of them are identified and described. For example, the following sorts of cognitive dialogue are considered: theological, spiritual, human (Buberian), truth-seeking dialogue, theology of religions, theology of interreligious dialogue, comparative theology. According to the author, the presented classification allows for the first time to describe different types of interreligious dialogue in a complex, systematic and interrelated way.
21. Yüzyılda Çin’in Sürdürülebilirlik Paradigması: Ekolojik Medeniyet
Authors: İLHAN Ayser , GÖKTUĞ Tendü Hilal
Published: August 2020

1970’lerden beri Çin, dünyada gelişen endüstri medeniyetini geleneksel kültüründen koparak uygulamaya başlamış ve yapmış olduğu reformlarla hızlı bir gelişme trendi yakalamıştır. Çin, hızlı endüstriyelleşme ve çarpık kentleşme ile birlikte toplumun refahını olumsuz yönde etkileyen çeşitli ekolojik ve sosyal sorunlarla hem akademik hem de politik düzeyde mücadele etmeye başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda 20. yy.’ın sonlarından itibaren “Ekolojik Medeniyet” paradigmasını geliştirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekolojik medeniyet kavramının ve ortaya çıkışındaki etmenlerin açıklanması, ekolojik medeniyetin boyutlarının ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma ile ilişkisinin irdelenmesi ve günümüz Türkiye’sinin sürdürülebilir kalkınma politikaları kapsamında bu paradigmanın değerlendirilmesidir.
Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Effects of Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium-Based Protic Ionic Liquids with Some Fatty Acids
Authors: AKBAŞ Hüseyin , YILDIRIM Aslı , MENEVŞE Şeyma , GÖKŞEN Nazan
Published: August 2020

Protic ionic liquids (PILs) that emerge as promising compounds are of great interest in industry and academia due to their easy synthesis and unique physical and chemical properties. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activities against various microorganisms and the antiproliferative effects of four PILs namely, the PILs tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium dodecanoate (TALA), tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium tetradecanoate (TAMA), tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium palmitate (TAPA) and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium stearate (TASA). Antiproliferative effects of PILs were investigated in vitro on breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB 231), colon cancer cell line (HT29) and prostate cancer cell line (PC3). Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were established for PILs tested against rods, cocci and fungi. The antimicrobial activities of the PILs are strongly related to the alkyl chain length of the anion.
Ortak Bertrand-B İsogeodezik Eğriye Sahip Yüzey Aileleri
Authors: AYVACI K. Hilal , ŞAFFAK ATALAY Gülnur
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışmada 3-boyutlu Öklid uzayında parametrik denklemi ile verilen yüzey üzerinde eğriliği sıfırdan farklı olan bir eğrinin Bertrand B-çiftinin bu yüzey üzerinde isogeodezik olması için gerekli ve yeterli şartlar elde edilerek, ortak Bertrand-B isogeodezik eğrili yüzey aileleri problemi ele alınmıştır.
Bu çalışmada 3-boyutlu Öklid uzayında parametrik denklemi ile verilen yüzey üzerinde eğriliği sıfırdan farklı olan bir eğrinin Bertrand B-çiftinin bu yüzey üzerinde isogeodezik olması için gerekli ve yeterli şartlar elde edilerek, ortak Bertrand-B isogeodezik eğrili yüzey aileleri problemi ele alınmıştır.
Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi İllerine ait Hayvan Varlıklarının Basit Uyum Analizi ile İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİR Yıldırım
Published: August 2020

Basit uyum analizi, iki kategorik değişken ve bu değişkenlerin kategorileri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan yöntemlerden birisidir. Çapraz tabloları daha detaylı analiz etme, analiz sonuçlarını analitik ve grafiksel olarak gösterme ve sonuçları kolaylıkla yorumlama bakımından tercih edilmektedir. Günümüzde ülke refah seviyesini belirleyen önemli göstergelerden biri de kişi başı hayvansal ürün tüketimi olmasıdır. Türkiye’de Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinin tarım ve hayvancılık bakımından iyi bölgelerden bir olması nedeniyle bölge hayvancılık (sığır, koyun ve keçi) potansiyeli basit uyum analizi ile incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, bölge illeri hayvancılık verileri TÜİK’in resmi internet adresinden alınmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Toplam değişkenliğin %18.9’u birinci boyut, %5.9’u ise ikinci boyut tarafından açıklanmış ve bu iki boyutun birlikte varyansı açıklama oranı %24.8 olarak bulunmuştur. Buna göre Ardahan, Kars ve Erzincan sığır yetiştiriciliği, Ağrı, Erzurum, Iğdır ve Van koyun yetiştiriciliği, Bitlis, Bingöl, Hakkâri ve Tunceli ise Keçi yetiştiriciliği ile ülke hayvancılık sektörüne önemli bir katkı sağladığı gözlenmiştir.
Salkowski Eğrisinin Birim Darboux Vektörünün Sabban Çatısından Elde Edilen Smarandache Eğrileri
Authors: ŞENYURT Süleyman , UZUN Melek
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışmada ilk olarak Salkowski eğrisine ait birim Darboux vektörünün birim küre yüzeyi üzerinde çizdiği küresel eğrinin Sabban çatısı oluşturuldu. Daha sonra bu çatı konum vektörü olarak alınarak Smarandache eğrileri tanımlandı. Son olarak da her bir Smarandache eğrisinin geodezik eğrilikleri hesaplanarak esas eğrinin Frenet aparatlarına bağlı ifadeleri elde edildi. Maple programı ile çizimleri yapıldı.
Bu çalışmada ilk olarak Salkowski eğrisine ait birim Darboux vektörünün birim küre yüzeyi üzerinde çizdiği küresel eğrinin Sabban çatısı oluşturuldu. Daha sonra bu çatı konum vektörü olarak alınarak Smarandache eğrileri tanımlandı. Son olarak da her bir Smarandache eğrisinin geodezik eğrilikleri hesaplanarak esas eğrinin Frenet aparatlarına bağlı ifadeleri elde edildi. Maple programı ile çizimleri yapıldı.
M-Estimations of Shape and Scale Parameters by Order Statistics in Least Informative Distributions on q-deformed logarithm
Authors: ÇANKAYA Mehmet Niyazi
Published: August 2020

The maximum logq likelihood estimation (MLqE) method is used to estimate robustly parameters recently. In robust estimation method, the least informative distribution (LID) proposed by Huber is a convex combination of two probability density functions 𝑓0 and 𝑓1. In this study, the recently proposed least informative distributions (LIDs) in MLqE are used to estimate parameters. This paper also studies on the objective functions proposed by maximum logq-likelihood principle (MLqE) originally derived by logq-likelihood. The role and capability of order statistics in LIDs in MLqE are examined while getting the estimates of shape and scale parameters. The distance measure for evaluation of fitting performance is given to choose a value for the parameter 𝑞 in logq when the objective functions derived from MLqE are used. The simulation and real data application are given. Thus, we compare the fitting performance of objective functions constructed by MLE on log, MLqE on logq and LIDs with order statistics in MLqE. We observed that order statistic chosen for density 𝑓1 in LID in MLqE has a new objective function to fit the data sets. In the simulation, we make two contaminations into artificial data sets. The first contamination is inliers derived by order statistics and the second one is outliers. Thus, we observe that the new objective function can give satisfactory results.
Farklı Dozlarda Fosfor ve Zeolit Uygulamasının Yoncanın Kuru Madde Verimi ve Bazı Özelliklerine Etkileri
Authors: KHARAZMİ Kambiz , TAN Mustafa
Published: August 2020

Bu araştırma, farklı fosforlu gübre ve zeolit dozlarının sulu şartlarda yonca (Medicago sativa L.)’nın kuru madde verimi ve bazı özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Araştırma şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme deseninde faktöriyel düzenlemeye göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Dört fosfor (0, 5, 10 ve 15 kg P2O5 da-1) ve 4 zeolit dozu (0, 50, 100 ve 150 kg da-1) kombinasyon halinde uygulanmıştır. Tarla çalışması 2012 yılında kurulmuş, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında alınan veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada bitki boyu, kuru madde verimi, tesis sıklığı ve otun ham protein, ADF ve NDF oranları incelenmiştir. Fosforlu gübre ve zeolit uygulamaları ile kuru madde verimi ve bitki sıklığı önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Ot kalite parametreleri (ham protein, ADF ve NDF oranları) ise yapılan uygulamalardan etkilenmemiştir. Mevcut koşullar altında yoncadan yüksek kuru madde verimi elde etmek ve tesisin seyrelmesini yavaşlatmak için dekara 10 kg P2O5 ile 150 kg zeolit uygulaması önerilebilir.
Does it Matter How We Get There (Really)? A Case of Ethics in Bidding
Authors: Schepers Donald H.
Published: August 2020

Jim Snelling could not believe how tense he had become in the last 24 hours. A huge contract had become a huge headache. Just a week ago, Spectro had signed a $100 million contract, and everyone was celebrating. Profits shot up, and Christmas bonuses doubled. Then came the news that Spectro’s employees had the competitor’s price list, and used it to undercut their bid. This morning, he was due at an Ethics Committee meeting to discuss what steps to take from this point forward. As senior strategist for the company, he was concerned not just with the company’s sales and revenue for the three-year duration of the contract, but also the company’s position as a supply chain partner for years to come. The decision today would have long-range consequences both inside and outside Spectro, and he weighed his position carefully.
Una reevaluación de la taxonomía de Mappia (Icacinaceae) utilizando datos ambientales
Authors: Duno de Stefano Rodrigo , Loera Israel , Angulo Diego Francisco
Published: August 2020

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Mappia (Icacinaceae) es un género de cuatro especies que habitan Mesoamérica y las Antillas Mayores. El más reciente análisis filogenético del género basado en datos morfológicos apoyó la existencia de un clado continental formado por Mappia longipes, M. mexicana y M. multiflora como grupo hermano de M. racemosa que se distribuye en las Antillas. El objetivo fue evaluar si datos ambientales soportan las hipótesis previas propuestas para las entidades de Mappia. Métodos: Se realizaron análisis de nicho ecológico (modelado de nicho ambiental y pruebas de divergencia/conservadurismo de nicho) y de varianza multivariado (MANOVA) para evaluar si existen otras líneas de evidencia que respalden la hipótesis morfológica previa a nivel de especie e infraespecífico. Resultados clave: Se encontró una diferenciación ecológica entre M. multiflora (sureste de México a Costa Rica) y M. racemosa (Cuba, Jamaica y Puerto Rico (Antillas Mayores)), pero no entre los taxones infraespecíficos de las Antillas (M. racemosa var. brachycarpa y M. racemosa var. racemosa). Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio aporta una importante señal de la divergencia ecológica entre especies cercanamente emparentadas, pero con patrones de distribución disyunta.
Mobile Health Apps for Medical Emergencies: Systematic Review
Authors: Plaza Roncero Alejandro , Marques Gonçalo , Sainz-De-Abajo Beatriz , Martín-Rodríguez Francisco , del Pozo Vegas Carlos , Garcia-Zapirain Begonya , de la Torre-Díez Isabel
Published: August 2020

Background

Mobile health apps are used to improve the quality of health care. These apps are changing the current scenario in health care, and their numbers are increasing.

Objective

We wanted to perform an analysis of the current status of mobile health technologies and apps for medical emergencies. We aimed to synthesize the existing body of knowledge to provide relevant insights for this topic. Moreover, we wanted to identify common threads and gaps to support new challenging, interesting, and relevant research directions.

Methods

We reviewed the main relevant papers and apps available in the literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was used in this review. The search criteria were adopted using systematic methods to select papers and apps. On one hand, a bibliographic review was carried out in different search databases to collect papers related to each application in the health emergency field using defined criteria. On the other hand, a review of mobile apps in two virtual storage platforms (Google Play Store and Apple App Store) was carried out. The Google Play Store and Apple App Store are related to the Android and iOS operating systems, respectively.

Results

In the literature review, 28 papers in the field of medical emergency were included. These studies were collected and selected according to established criteria. Moreover, we proposed a taxonomy using six groups of applications. In total, 324 mobile apps were found, with 192 identified in the Google Play Store and 132 identified in the Apple App Store.

Conclusions

We found that all apps in the Google Play Store were free, and 73 apps in the Apple App Store were paid, with the price ranging from US $0.89 to US $5.99. Moreover, 39% (11/28) of the included studies were related to warning systems for emergency services and 21% (6/28) were associated with disaster management apps.
A New Era of Epidemiology: Digital Epidemiology for Investigating the COVID-19 Outbreak in China
Authors: He Zonglin , Zhang Casper J P , Huang Jian , Zhai Jingyan , Zhou Shuang , Chiu Joyce Wai-Ting , Sheng Jie , Tsang Winghei , Akinwunmi Babatunde O , Ming Wai-Kit
Published: August 2020

A novel pneumonia-like coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 has swept across China and the world. Public health measures that were effective in previous infection outbreaks (eg, wearing a face mask, quarantining) were implemented in this outbreak. Available multidimensional social network data that take advantage of the recent rapid development of information and communication technologies allow for an exploration of disease spread and control via a modernized epidemiological approach. By using spatiotemporal data and real-time information, we can provide more accurate estimates of disease spread patterns related to human activities and enable more efficient responses to the outbreak. Two real cases during the COVID-19 outbreak demonstrated the application of emerging technologies and digital data in monitoring human movements related to disease spread. Although the ethical issues related to using digital epidemiology are still under debate, the cases reported in this article may enable the identification of more effective public health measures, as well as future applications of such digitally directed epidemiological approaches in controlling infectious disease outbreaks, which offer an alternative and modern outlook on addressing the long-standing challenges in population health.
Predictors of COVID-19 Information Sources and Their Perceived Accuracy in Nigeria: Online Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Erinoso Olufemi , Wright Kikelomo Ololade , Anya Samuel , Kuyinu Yetunde , Abdur-Razzaq Hussein , Adewuya Abiodun
Published: August 2020

Background

Effective communication is critical for mitigating the public health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

This study assesses the source(s) of COVID-19 information among people in Nigeria, as well as the predictors and the perceived accuracy of information from these sources.

Methods

We conducted an online survey of consenting adults residing in Nigeria between April and May 2020 during the lockdown and first wave of COVID-19. The major sources of information about COVID-19 were distilled from 7 potential sources (family and friends, places of worship, health care providers, internet, workplace, traditional media, and public posters/banners). An open-ended question was asked to explore how respondents determined accuracy of information. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 15.0 software (StataCorp Texas) with significance placed at P<.05. Approval to conduct this study was obtained from the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Health Research Ethics Committee.

Results

A total of 719 respondents completed the survey. Most respondents (n=642, 89.3%) obtained COVID-19–related information from the internet. The majority (n=617, 85.8%) considered their source(s) of information to be accurate, and 32.6% (n=234) depended on only 1 out of the 7 potential sources of COVID-19 information. Respondents earning a monthly income between NGN 70,000-120,000 had lower odds of obtaining COVID-19 information from the internet compared to respondents earning less than NGN 20,000 (odds ratio [OR] 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-0.98). In addition, a significant proportion of respondents sought accurate information from recognized health organizations, such as the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and the World Health Organization.

Conclusions

The internet was the most common source of COVID-19 information, and the population sampled had a relatively high level of perceived accuracy for the COVID-19 information received. Effective communication requires dissemination of information via credible communication channels, as identified from this study. This can be potentially beneficial for risk communication to control the pandemic.
Patients With Cancer Searching for Cancer- or Health-Specific Web-Based Information: Performance Test Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lange-Drenth Lukas , Schulz Holger , Endsin Gero , Bleich Christiane
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Searching the internet for cancer-related information helps patients with cancer satisfy their unmet information needs and empowers them to play a more active role in the management of their disease. However, to benefit from the search, patients need a sufficient level of skill to search, select, appraise, and apply web-based health information.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to study the operational, navigational, information, and evaluation skills and problems of patients with cancer performing cancer-related search tasks using the internet.

METHODS

A total of 21 patients with cancer were recruited during their stay at the rehabilitation clinic for oncological rehabilitation. Participants performed eight cancer-related search tasks using the internet. The participants were asked to think aloud while performing the tasks, and the screen activities were recorded. The types and frequencies of performance problems were identified and coded into categories following an inductive coding process. In addition, the performance and strategic characteristics of task execution were summarized descriptively.

RESULTS

All participants experienced problems or difficulties in executing the tasks, and a substantial percentage of tasks (57/142, 40.1%) could not be completed successfully. The participants’ performance problems were coded into four categories, namely operating the computer and web browser, navigating and orientating, using search strategies, and evaluating the relevance and reliability of web-based information. The most frequent problems occurred in the third and fourth categories. A total of 90% (19/21) of participants used nontask-related search terms or nonspecific search terms. A total of 95% (20/21) of participants did not control for the source or topicality of the information found. In addition, none of the participants verified the information on 1 website with that on another website for each task.

CONCLUSIONS

A substantial group of patients with cancer did not have the necessary skills to benefit from cancer-related internet searches. Future interventions are needed to support patients in the development of sufficient internet-searching skills, focusing particularly on information and evaluation skills.

CLINICALTRIAL
Analysing the impact of migration on HIV/AIDS cases using epidemiological models (Preprint)
Authors: Apenteng Ofosuhene , Osei Prince P , Ismail Noor Azina , Chiabai Aline
Published: August 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

In this paper, we present the impact of migration on the spread of HIV/AIDS. A simple model for HIV and AIDS that incorporates migration and addresses its contributions to the spread of HIV and AIDS cases was constructed. The model was calibrated to HIV and AIDS incidence data from Malaysia. The epidemiological parameters were estimated using MCMC methods. Among the migrant population, 1.5572e-01 were susceptible to HIV transmission, which constituted 67801 migrants. A proportion of migrants, 6.3773e-04 were estimated to be HIV infected, constituting 278 migrants. There were 72 (per 10000) migrants estimated to have had AIDS, representing a proportion of 1.6611e-08. The result suggest that the disease-free steady state was unstable because the basic reproduction number was 2.0906 and 1.4861 for the models without and with migration, respectively. Based on the findings, this is not a good indicator from the public health point of view, as the aim is to stabilize the epidemic at the disease-free equilibrium. The models analysed considerably well reflected the dynamical behaviour of the HIV epidemic field data in Malaysia. We recommend that a national programme should be implemented by the government in collaboration with the Malaysian Immigration Department to reduce HIV/AIDS transmission by more closely monitoring migrant activities. It is our view that the models would be useful to tackle other problems, other diseases.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Risk of Diverse Forms of Kidney Disease during the First 50 Years of Life
Authors: Gjerde Anna , Reisæter Anna Varberg , Skrunes Rannveig , Marti Hans-Peter , Vikse Bjørn Egil
Published: August 2020

Background and objectives

Previous studies have shown that individuals with low birth weight (LBW) or small for gestational age (SGA) have higher risk of kidney failure. This study investigates birth-related exposures and risk of CKD and other kidney diagnoses.

Design, setting, participant, & measurements

The Medical Birth Registry of Norway has registered extensive medical data on all births in Norway since 1967. The Norwegian Patient Registry has registered diagnostic codes for all admissions and outpatient visits to Norwegian hospitals since 2008. Data from these registries were linked, and risk of CKD and other groups of kidney disease were analyzed using logistic regression statistics. LBW (below the tenth percentile), SGA (birth weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age), and preterm birth (<37 weeks) were analyzed as exposures.

Results

A total of 2,663,010 individuals were included. After a mean follow-up of 26 years (maximum 50 years), 4495 had been diagnosed with CKD and 12,818 had been diagnosed with other groups of kidney disease. LBW was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for CKD of 1.72 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.60 to 1.90), SGA with an OR of 1.79 (95% CI, 1.65 to 1.94), and preterm birth with an OR of 1.48 (95% CI, 1.33 to 1.66). Analyses using diagnosis of CKD at stages 3–5 as end point showed similar results. Results were similar for men and women. We analyzed adjusted ORs for other groups of kidney disease and found that LBW was associated with an adjusted OR of 1.44 (95% CI, 1.33 to 1.56) for acute kidney disease, 1.24 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.36) for GN, 1.35 (95% CI, 1.17 to 1.56) for cystic kidney disease, and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.25) for kidney disease resulting from kidney or urinary tract malformations.

Conclusions

LBW, SGA, and preterm birth are associated with higher risk of CKD in the first 50 years of life. Risk of other groups of kidney disease was less pronounced.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2020_08_17_CJN04080320.mp3
Las elecciones generales de 2020 y la balanza democrática en Estados Unidos
Authors: Salazar Amando Basurto
Published: August 2020

Las elecciones de Donald Trump, como candidato presidencial del Partido Republicano prime-ro y como presidente de Estados Unidos después, evidenciaron la crisis ideológica y operativa preponderante en los dos principales partidos políticos estadounidenses; aún más, la resultan-te administración de Trump ha desafiado abiertamente parte de los cimientos demoliberales del sistema político estadounidense. El presente ensayo analiza instancias distintivas del desa-fío que la elección y la presidencia de Donald Trump han representado para los fundamentales, pero delicados equilibrios de poder del sistema político estadounidense, así como sus implica-ciones para las elecciones generales de 2020. Especial énfasis se pone sobre el formato sui géneris invertido del populismo de Donald Trump.
¿Podrán transitar los ingenieros a la Industria 4.0? Análisis industrial en Baja California
Authors: Carrillo Jorge , Gomis Redi , De los Santos Saúl , Covarrubias Lilia , Matus Maximino
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: este estudio analiza la situación actual sobre el conocimiento y uso de tecnologías relacionadas con la Industria 4.0 (I4.0) del personal especializado, fundamentalmente ingenieros, de siete industrias en Baja California, México.Diseño metodológico: a partir de una encuesta en línea con 164 empleados especializados en siete sectores (automotriz, aeroespacial, electrónica, dispositivos médicos, plásticos, metalmecánica y servicios técnicos y tecnológicos) se analiza la opinión de los entrevistados sobre su conocimiento de las tecnologías asociadas a la I4.0 y su nivel de aplicación en las empresas donde laboran los encuestados.Resultados: a partir de las hipótesis planteadas se observa que la mayoría, tanto de los entrevistados como de las empresas, tienen un bajo nivel de conocimiento e implementación de las tecnologías de la I4.0. Las tecnologías tangibles, con menor complejidad y menos novedosas de la I4.0, son en las que los empleados especializados presentan mayor conocimiento y están más adoptadas en las empresas. La industria automotriz no resultó contar con el mayor nivel de conocimiento ni de implementación, como era de esperarse.  Limitaciones de la investigación: se trata de una encuesta de percepción.Hallazgos: una relevante implicación teórico-práctica del estudio es la siguiente: Baja California tiene una larga tradición de industrialización exportadora, no obstante que el aprendizaje alcanzado puede coadyuvar al desarrollo de nuevas habilidades, las capacidades alcanzadas no son suficientes para adoptar las tecnologías asociadas a la I4.0 por ser éstas de naturaleza distinta a las tecnologías anteriores.
Free Bright Conversations — meaningful participatory activities for the communication of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Ballatore Manuel , Bartsch Marie
Published: August 2020

Political, economic and social actors have begun to implement the 17 SDGs (UN 2030 Agenda) to build a desirable future for everyone. To reach this goal, a mix of systemic alteration and individual change is needed. “Free Bright Conversations” is a dialogue-based science communication event developed at MUSE-Science Museum in Trento that focuses on people's engagement with sustainable development. The paper describes the format and provides an evaluation based on preliminary data collected on two occasions. The authors conclude that participatory science communication furthers involvement with our common, sustainable future.