bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF COMPETITIVENESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS ENTERPRISES USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Ahmetshin Ravil'
Published: May 2024

In market conditions, the development of private business, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, plays a key role for any country. The effectiveness of this process is one of the main indicators of economic growth and has a direct impact on the composition and quality of national income. The main task of the management personnel of modern enterprises is to create their competitive advantages, which ensures the demand for products sold and financial stability. At the same time, the implementation of this task becomes more complicated in the context of constant foreign economic changes, reinforced by sanctions pressure. In addition, small and medium-sized businesses often face limited access to financial resources, management difficulties and competition from large companies. Analysis and comparative assessment of the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses provides an understanding of the key factors influencing the success of these enterprises, and makes it possible to develop strategies and support measures aimed at strengthening their position in the market. The object of the study is the activities of small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in the region. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the level of competitiveness of certain areas of small and medium-sized businesses using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Research methods include deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, documentary method, abstract-logical, economic-mathematical and tabular methods. The scientific novelty of the research is the formation of competitiveness criteria, the development of a model for comparative assessment of the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses, the application of this model in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan.
ON THE ISSUE OF SPATIAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Authors: Abryandina Viktoriya
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the issues of spatial development and territorial location of organic producers. A picture of the distribution of organic production by districts and regions of Russia is presented, with the determination of the share of the total number throughout the country. The distribution of organic farms in the context of regions, taking into account specialization, is shown. The main problems hindering the formation of organic product distribution chains are identified, including issues of interaction between organic producers and large retail chains.
Improving the conditions for institutional support for the functioning and development of the sphere of tourism and recreational services
Authors: Kazibekov Islam , Ashirova Oksana
Published: May 2024

Institutional support for the processes of functioning and development of the sphere of tourism and recreational services involves the rapid adaptation of both legislative, regulatory acts, and practices of interaction between participants. In this case, it is necessary to consider the results of not only economic but also social development. The study assessed the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by the share of the tourism sector: in providing employment to the region's population, in the number of visitors to regional theaters and museums per 1000 people, in the structure of regional investments in fixed capital, in the gross added value of the region, in the regional structure of tax revenues. The regions were distributed according to the influence of tourism on the socio-economic development of the region. Based on testing of the methodological approach, proposals have been developed to improve the conditions for institutional support for the sphere of tourism and recreational services.
The state of the domestic goat breeding industry at the current stage of development in Russia
Authors: Eremeeva Nadezhda
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the state of the goat breeding industry in Russia from 2007 to 2022. Based on official data from the Federal State Statistics Service and data from the All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding, presented in the public domain, an assessment of the state of the goat breeding industry in Russia was carried out and the main trends and patterns were identified. As part of the study, it was revealed that goat breeding in Russia is mainly concentrated in small forms of farming and currently there are no prospects for scalability, while the number of goats is decreasing annually. The leader among federal districts in terms of livestock is the Siberian Federal District, and among the subjects of the Federation the undisputed leader is the Republic of Tyva. Dairy goat farming ranks third in the world in milk production, behind cows and buffaloes. In Russia, there is a clear trend towards increasing milk production. The leader in goat milk production is the Leningrad region. The analysis of modern domestic goat breeding made it possible to formulate the main problems that impede the effective development of the industry in the country and outline possible ways to solve them.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POULTRY FARMING IN RUSSIA
Authors: Nazar Marina
Published: May 2024

The article notes that poultry farming is one of the most dynamically developing branches of agriculture, providing the country's population with protein foods: eggs and poultry meat. The high dietary qualities of these types of food make poultry farming a priority, and a high level of economic efficiency – strategic branches of agriculture. The article describes measures for the development of poultry farming in the Russian Federation, as well as priority areas in the development of global and domestic poultry farming. The analysis of the current state of poultry farming in Russia is carried out, the problems of the industry at the present stage are identified, and the forecast of the development of the poultry industry is given.
Ensuring food security in Russia based on the development of the fruit and berry subcomplex of the Agro-industrial complex
Authors: Savina Olga , Pentegov Sergey
Published: May 2024

The article shows the importance of the development of the fruit and berry subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex for ensuring food security in Russia. Information is provided on the importance of fruits and berries in the structure of nutrition of the population. The analysis of the state of fruit and berry production in Russia in dynamics for 2000-2022 is carried out. The information basis of the study was the electronic databases of Rosstat, data from reviews of expert analytical centers. The analysis of the development of the industry was carried out using comparative, multilevel and spatial-temporal research methods. Significant shifts in the structure of imports and self-sufficiency of the food market with fruit and berry products were noted. The measures of state support for the development of horticulture and nursery production in the country in order to achieve import substitution are described.
The role of the governor's corps in mechanisms for reducing socio-economic differentiation of regions
Authors: Katonin Sergey , Balalova Elena
Published: May 2024

Improving theoretical approaches to determining the causes of socio-economic differentiation of Russian regions remains today one of the pressing topics in domestic regional studies. Disproportions in the main economic indicators of regions sometimes reach double-digit values, and progress in eliminating interregional inequalities is not visible. The reasons for the socio-economic gap between regions are complex, primarily due to competitive advantages associated with geographical location and the provision of natural resources. However, regional inequality is also influenced by subjective factors, including the quality of management of territorial development. The article examines the influence of the rotation of the governor's corps on the differentiation of the regions of the Central Federal District.
Ensuring food security on the basis of lysine and other amino acids import-substituting production development using the fermentation method
Authors: Sedyh Vladimir , Suglobov Aleksandr
Published: May 2024

the article presents the results of a study of the processes of ensuring food security based on the development of import-substituting production of lysine and other amino acids using the fermentation method. The dynamics of lysine in the Russian Federation, Belarus, China, and the countries of the European Union were analyzed. Opportunities and promising directions for increasing the production of domestic feed additives used in animal husbandry have been identified.
Problematic aspects of assessing the equivalence of economic relations of food chains
Authors: Yurkov Evgeniy
Published: May 2024

The article notes the methodological uncertainty of the concept of “equivalence” if it is considered in the context of price interaction between subjects of food chains. The criteria for equality of profitability do not fully reflect equivalence, since they do not take into account differences in the rate of capital turnover. The possibility of using an alternative criterion for the equality of the rate of net profit on advanced capital is being considered.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of interaction between participants in the grain and food chain
Authors: Truba Anatoliy
Published: May 2024

The article evaluates the effectiveness of the functioning of the grain-product subcomplex of the agroindustrial complex of the Tambov region. The results of the analysis showed that organizations of different industries and activities, including agriculture and grain processing industries, when choosing forms of interaction should take into account the union of conditions for equally beneficial cooperation for all participants. In general, in 2020-2022, there was a slight increase in the efficiency of the grain production chain of the Tambov region.
ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS
Authors: Nikulina Ol'ga , Panchenko Diana
Published: May 2024

The article presents an analysis of trends in the development of international logistics, which undergoes significant changes during the period of the sanctions regime under the influence of political and economic factors of the external environment. Modern logistics companies have to search for new management methods and tools to ensure a high level of competitiveness during the period of sanctions and the transition to digital technologies. In this regard, the relevance of this study is determined by the need to find new solutions in the field of international logistics to minimize the negative impact of external factors and accelerate the process of adaptation of logistics companies to the sanctions regime in order to maintain their positions and increase competitiveness. As a result of the study, logistics companies were invited to implement digital technologies to improve international logistics and increase competitiveness, Encouraging sustainable logistics through less carbon-intensive transportation and energy-efficient warehousing, Increasing investment in logistics infrastructure.
The role and significance of economic analysis in the system of customs audit tools
Authors: Tuyakova Zauresh , Popov Valery
Published: May 2024

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to improve analytical support and decision support systems in the field of customs control through the development of a customs audit system. The problem is the absence today of separate analytical tools for assessing the activities of enterprises participating in foreign trade activities for violations of customs legislation in the field of customs payments. The purpose of the study is to identify the features and directions of development of customs audit, including through the optimization of analytical procedures in relation to monitoring the correctness of payment of customs duties by business entities. Research methods: monographic, tabular. Results and key conclusions: the relevance of the development of customs audit based on the symbiosis of audit and revision has been proven, with justification for the role and significance of economic analysis in the system of its tools. The object of the study is the theoretical and practical aspects of conducting audits and audits in relation to participants in foreign trade activities, the subject is the process of conducting analytical procedures in relation to enterprises participating in foreign trade activities. The theoretical and methodological significance lies in the fact that the essence of the economic analysis of customs payments in various territorial segments is revealed, allowing the use of its tools when conducting a customs audit. The results of the work have practical significance for decision-making by the management of customs authorities to manage the customs audit process as part of control after the release of goods.
Criminal liability of officials for financial and economic crimes
Authors: Antipina Dar'ya
Published: May 2024

The scientific article examines counteraction to acts that infringe on the interests of state power, the interests of the civil service and service in local governments. A number of serious social and political challenges have been identified, which emphasize the relevance of the study of criminal liability for abuse of power and abuse of power. The key problems facing the judicial system and law enforcement agencies have been studied and analyzed.
FINANCING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY’ DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Minakov Andrey , Suglobov Aleksandr
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study consists in identifying the main features of financing the digital economy’ development in Russian Federation. Research objectives are: to characterize the tools used to finance the development of the digital economy; to investigate conditions of financing the development of the digital economy in Russia; to find out actual problems that do not allow to increase funding for the development of the digital economy; to suggest possible solutions for funding’ increasing. Were found out negative dynamics in financing the development of the digital economy were revealed (gross domestic costs in 2022 fell to 3,4 percent of GDP, while the national project «Digital Economy» provides for their increase to more than 5 percent of GDP in 2024), associated with the decline in the scale of venture financing, the unavailability of crowdlending financing for many IT projects due to its high cost, the conservative approach of government institutions to financing private IT projects, startups. Are also developed measures to overcome the negative dynamics of gross domestic costs for the development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation, to intensify investment activity in the IT sector and to attract necessary resources for IT startups and other high-risk projects that will accelerate the digital transformation of the country and strengthen its national security.
Corruption as a systemic threat to Russia's economic security
Authors: Savosteeva Natal'ya , Husainov Manon , Golovanova Nataliya
Published: May 2024

At the present stage of Russia's historical development, taking into account scientific and technological progress, the results of which are used not only for the benefit of society and the country, the issues of countering the commission of economic crimes do not lose their relevance. Corruption as a type of economic crimes is a factor hindering sustainable socio-economic development, preventing an increase in the level of well-being of the population and the structural restructuring of the economy. The growth of the shadow economy is directly proportional to the growth of corruption. The shadow economy is dangerous for society, it undermines the financial stability of the state, reduces the amount of tax revenues to the budget of the country and the subjects of the Russian Federation, and contributes to the development of injustice in society. The article examines the main causes of corruption, the relationship between corruption and the shadow economy, and substantiates the need to develop and improve tools to counter corruption crimes in order to increase the level of economic and, accordingly, national security of Russia.
METHODS OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN ECONOMIC ENTITY FROM THE THREATS OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY
Authors: Bank Sergey , Lapaev Dmitriy , Husainov Manon
Published: May 2024

To prevent the shadow economy, it is necessary to choose systemic solutions that synthesize the strengthening of the tax legislative base, the fight against corruption, the progression of the legal complex, support for small and medium-sized businesses, and the achievement of transparency and effectiveness of public institutions.
It is only with the combined efforts of the state, the business community and citizens that it is possible to minimize the shadow economy and achieve the desired degree of economic security both for the country and separately for business entities. It is also necessary to implement information campaigns about the dangers of the shadow economy and its negative consequences in order to increase awareness and strengthen the opinion of business entities about the importance of combating it.
Current issues in the development of methods for analyzing financial condition based on financial statements
Authors: Shapoval Elena , Chebotareva Zoya , Zhdanova Larisa
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the development and improvement of methods for analyzing the financial condition of organizations. As a result of reviewing and researching the content of existing methods for analyzing the financial condition of organizations, difficulties of use for users were identified, consisting of a large or small number of stages, sections, oversaturation of coefficients, lack of a common conceptual apparatus for all, incompleteness and obsolescence of recommended values of coefficients characterizing financial state, in low demand and the possibility of using the methodology for analyzing financial condition equally for all organizations. Based on the assessment and generalization of current analysis techniques, an optimal structural and logical diagram of the financial condition analysis technique has been developed, highlighting specific areas of analysis in a certain sequence of their implementation. In order to optimize the number of coefficients, a set of calculation indicators has been proposed and justified, which will allow a faster and more comprehensive assessment of the financial condition of organizations, which will increase the interest of users in the use of improved methods, as well as in the use of analysis results to improve the financial condition and increase the efficiency of management of the organization.
Information and analytical aspects of ensuring quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the activities of agricultural organizations in the course of intersectoral relations
Authors: Golovina Lidiya , Logacheva Ol'ga
Published: May 2024

The modern agricultural economy is going through a qualitatively new stage of development, due to the formation of information and analytical systems to improve the quality of operational work, ensure accounting operations and evaluate the performance of organizations. The domestic agricultural sector, striving to achieve sustainable development goals, is exposed to threats and risks from the global information space. At the epicenter of the most important challenges are sectors of the economy, on the one hand, responsible for food security, and on the other, for the conservation of natural resources. Integrating elements of information and communication technologies during the implementation of inter-industry relations makes it possible to reduce losses of production resources and create a system of transparency in the movement of products from the manufacturer to the end consumer. The authors characterize the main current information and analytical systems, which include not only performance indicators of production, economic and management activities of organizations in the agricultural sector, but also reflect their industry specifics.
FORMATION OF INFORMATION ON COST BEHAVIOR AND USE OF CONTRIBUTION MARGIN INDICATOR FOR EVALUATING MANAGERIAL DECISIONS
Authors: ADAMOVA GYULNARA , Orlova Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

The article considers the problem of accounting and analytical provision of operational managerial decisions made in the conditions of constantly changing market. It justifies a necessity of assessment of consequences of managerial decisions through their influence on behavior of expenditures and financial results of activity of economic entity. A critical analysis of the solution of the task of cost separation and establishment of their functional dependence on the volume of activities is resulted. The factors that influence the structure of expenditures have been analyzed. The article considers possibilities of using CVP-analysis for calculation of consequences of decisions taken by management, as well as incremental analysis of profit.
The recommendations on the organization of analytical accounting of expenditures with a view to assessing their behavior and relationship with the dynamics of business activity are given. The possibilities of using the margin profit indicator to assess the economic feasibility of the decisions are given. The shortcomings of the use of the considered management accounting tools were highlighted.
Problems of implementing the principles of social responsibility of business in Russia
Authors: Zvonareva Nataliya
Published: May 2024

Business social responsibility is a form of self–regulation of business, which is aimed at achieving social, environmental, and philanthropic goals jointly with society and at the same time contributing to strengthening the brand's reputation. The principles of Business Social responsibility (SOB), or corporate social responsibility of business organizations, are now steadily spreading around the world, involving new countries and organizations - from small enterprises to multinational companies. Although the principles of the SOB are uniform, they acquire the characteristics of the country whose companies implement them in their activities. Priorities in the development of the state, the political structure, the state of the economy in the country, and key global problems leave their mark. In Russia, the concept of CSR has appeared relatively recently, at the moment there is an active process of forming an integrated approach to this phenomenon, which causes the emergence of a significant number of problems related to various aspects of the process under consideration.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of the development of social responsibility of Russian business through the prism of non–financial reports provided and to formulate the main problems of CSR implementation at the present stage.
Research results: the concept, essence and basic principles of corporate social responsibility are considered, the main stages of the formation of CSR principles in Russia are studied. The dynamics of the provision of non-financial reports over the past 10 years has been analyzed, the structure of the submitted reports has been evaluated by industry characteristic of companies and by the share of organizations providing reports on a regular basis. The main disadvantages of the introduction of CSR principles from the point of view of entrepreneurship are studied. The main problems of CSR implementation at the current stage of development of the Russian economy are formulated and disclosed in detail.
In the final part of the work, the main advantages of forming an integrated approach to the concept of CSR at the national level are formed, the main advantages of this process are presented.
The study of the socio-economic situation of the population based on the analysis of cyclical mobility
Authors: Semenov Aleksandr
Published: May 2024

Cyclic mobility was studied in the work of T. Shanin based on data on the socio-economic situation of the peasantry in Russia in 1910-1925. We have carried out a study of the socio-economic situation of the Russian population for the period 2013-2021 based on statistical data and analysis of cyclical mobility. The direction of the shift of the obtained curves downwards in terms of total and average per capita incomes of the population, the amount of social payments and compensations confirmed the improvement of the socio-economic situation of households by 2017 and deterioration by 2021.. The increase in the steepness of the obtained curves by 2021 is characterized by the polarization of the property status of the population, an increase in the concentration of monetary and total income in the middle range. The curve in terms of social benefits, compensations and other payments to the population is characterized by a type of cyclical mobility.
Technical and technological modernization of agriculture as a factor in rural development
Authors: Adukov Ruhman
Published: May 2024

The article notes the role of technical and technological modernization of agriculture in the development of rural areas, and evaluates the solution to this issue. Problems that impede the transition of the industry to an innovative path of development are formulated, and directions for solving them are proposed. It is concluded that in this matter the quality of the public administration system is of decisive importance, first of all, its focus on demonopolizing the economy and comprehensive support for agricultural producers, including innovation.
The evolution of empirical approaches in assessing the effectiveness of international sanctions
Authors: Trysyachny Vladimir
Published: May 2024

Economic sanctions lead to a redistribution of public welfare, as well as change the political decision-making process, since certain groups in each country lobby their interests, benefiting from sanctions pressure. Empirical models of sanctions analysis are based on the theory of public choice, which allows for a comprehensive assessment of their effectiveness. The results of the analysis showed that a feature of the studies of sanctions wars is the use of fundamental economics and political science, as well as game-theoretic models as a basis for analyzing the complex effect of sanctions. To maximize the effect, the initiator countries should set clear targets, because otherwise the time horizons of the sanctions wars are maximally prolonged and it will be impossible to predict when the targets will be reached.
EFFICIENCY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES: SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT
Authors: Rodionova Ol'ga , Eryukova Irina
Published: May 2024

The article provides an assessment of the profitability of agricultural organizations whose main economic activity is the cultivation of poultry. These are medium–sized and large enterprises (poultry farms) that are top participants in the national Labor Productivity project. From the perspective of a socially oriented approach, the results of the analysis of indicators characterizing the effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity are presented. At the same time, attention is focused on the distribution of net value added in terms of accumulation and consumption, as well as financial stability when production breaks even. It is determined that the introduction of lean manufacturing elements, despite the increase in resource prices due to sanctions pressure, allows to increase labor productivity and business efficiency.
AGRICULTURAL STAFFING (ANALYTICAL REVIEW)
Authors: Dul'zon Svetlana
Published: May 2024

The article provides an overview of individual issues related to staffing agricultural producers. In particular, the existing need for agricultural workers and the dynamics of rural employment indicators are shown. The main group of factors, namely the wages of agricultural workers, was considered. Directions for attracting qualified specialists to agriculture have been identified.
Institutional and organizational and economic transformations in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Korotenkova Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

The article considers transformations in the agro-industrial complex, gives their types, causes of occurrence and orientation in relation to organizations of the agro-industrial complex and rural areas. Institutional transformations determine the change in the formal and informal conditions of economic activity. Organizational and economic transformations are associated with changes in the organization. The need to study, plan and predict the effects of changes is shown.
Ensuring the energy security of agricultural producers in the context of implementing the policy of food import substitution and increasing non-raw material agricultural exports
Authors: Sedyh Vladimir
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the processes of ensuring the energy security of agricultural producers in the context of the implementation of the policy of food import substitution and an increase in non-resource agricultural exports. The performance indicators of the electric power industry of the Russian Federation are analyzed. Unused reserves of production capacity in the production of food products in our country have been identified.
Current problems of ensuring energy security in the field of liquid motor fuel production
Authors: Krut' Anatoliy
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a study of current problems of ensuring energy security in the field of liquid motor fuel production. The proven oil reserves in the main oil-producing countries of the world, the dynamics of the world's population, as well as the volume of oil consumption are analyzed. The structure of the oil fields used in the implementation of production projects in the Russian Federation is investigated.
Innovative development of vegetable growing
Authors: Taktarova Svetlana
Published: May 2024

The article provides an overview of innovations in the technological process of production and sale of vegetables - seed preparation, fertilization, weed control. Innovation is a decisive factor in the technological, economic and social development of an economic entity. In dynamics, the innovative activity of organizations in agriculture is increasing, although lower than in the economy as a whole. It was concluded that the state should become the coordinator of innovative processes in the industry.
Methodological basis for managing and organizing the activities of service units of agricultural business structures
Authors: Il'yasov Vener
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the methodological foundations of management and organization of activities of service units of agricultural business structures. The structure of the management system of an organization whose main operational activities are related to agricultural production is justified and graphically presented. The advantages of the cooperative form of organization for conducting agricultural activities are systematized.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFRASTRUCTURAL SUPPORT FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE REGION
Authors: Remnev Pavel
Published: May 2024

The theoretical approaches to the infrastructural support of the digital transformation of the region are systematized in terms of improving the categorical apparatus of the "digital transformation of the region" as a continuous process of realizing the possibilities and introducing new digital technologies into various spheres of human activity in the region, leading to a change in technological structure, organization of economic and social relations, worldview concepts about the role of man in society; the role and the place of digital infrastructure in ensuring the continuity of the entire reproduction process at the national and regional levels through the continuous circulation of resources and income in the real and digital space.
Pirfenidone's Potential for Motor Recovery following Spinal Cord Compression Injury
Authors: Wazir Noman Ullah , Ara Nighat , Khattak Saima Mumtaz , Waheed Nazish , Ghani Usman , Khattak Maria Azam
Published: May 2024

Objective: The aim of this research was to access the ability of pirfenidone in improving motor activity of hindlimbs in rats following compression injury to spinal cord. Study Design: Experimental lab-based study. Settings: Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Pakistan. Duration: From March 2020 to April 2023. Methods: Injury induction at the T7 spinal cord level was carried out using a 70gm force aneurysm clip in rats. The rats were divided into three groups: Group A received a daily placebo, Group B received a daily dose of pirfenidone at 200 mg/kg/day, and Group C received a daily dose of pirfenidone at 500 mg/kg/day. Each group was further subdivided into two sub-groups, labeled as Groups 1 and 2, each consisting of 5 rats. The experiment lasted for 14 and 28 days. On the final day, all rats underwent BBB scoring to evaluate the motor activity in their hind limbs. Results: BBB scores showed statistically significant differences both between and within groups. Among the SCI groups, those treated with pirfenidone displayed higher BBB scores compared to those without pirfenidone treatment. Conclusion: Pirfenidone may improve motor function post-spinal cord injury by reducing fibrosis, preventing collagen buildup in the core of glial scars, and reducing reactive astrocytosis in the scar's outer region. This dual action could promote axonal regeneration and enhance synaptic connections, aiding in neurological recovery.
DC-Link Dynamics Examination of the Parallel-Connected Three-Phase Inverters in Islanded and Grid-Connected Modes
Authors: Dedeoğlu Seyfullah
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of an AC microgrid setup, consisting of parallel three-phase inverters. It introduces a novel controller that integrates the tasks of controlling the DC-link voltage and implementing a current limiting approach. The design is informed by the characteristics of lead compensators and its main objectives are twofold: i) to regulate the DC-link voltage in order to minimize unwanted power exchange among the parallel inverters, and ii) to ensure the current-limiting capabilities of all inverters, regardless of the microgrid's operational state. This includes both standalone and grid-connected modes, voltage sags in the grid side, as well as transitional intervals between the two. In contrast to existing DC-link voltage control methods that do not incorporate a current limiting strategy, the proposed solution effectively restrains the dq axis current values in all operating conditions. This is crucial for preserving system stability, avoiding abrupt changes in DC-link voltage and current during sudden grid modifications and transitions. To validate the efficacy of the proposed controller, a series of simulations were carried out using Matlab/Simulink to evaluate its performance and compare it with an established method. The results explicitly demonstrate that the proposed controller successfully stabilizes the system, minimizes fluctuations in DC-link voltage, and restricts the dq axis current for each inverter without the potential of protection relay tripping.
COSTUME AS A CHARACTER: COMMUNICATING THROUGH COSTUME IN IYOBINTE PUSTHAKAM
Authors: Thulasidas Anamika , Dhanunjay Gondi Surender , Ramappa Shamala
Published: May 2024

Costumes which are the distinctive style of dressing is one of the many tools the film director has to tell the story in films. Costumes can communicate the details of a character’s personality to the audience and facilitate actors transform into new and believable personalities on the screen Brownie & Graydon (2016). Costumes give a visual impact on the film audience and more than just dressing an actor, costume design extends the main themes of the film in a subtly effective way, it can progress the character in a story without dialogue, costumes may not be memorable as dance sequences or banter but it can recreate time and space. While looking deeper into the costumes of the character it might be a surprise to explore a person’s politics, education, personality, social status, hierarchy, politics, and many more about the particular role played by the character. The need for communication is for the designers to effectively design the costumes. This article explores a Semiotic Analysis of how the costumes communicate the character development progresses in the Malayalam film “IYOBINTE PUSTHAKAM” the characters “IYOB” and “COMMUNIST MAN”. Semiotic Analysis is used to analyze the costume of the characters and gives an explanation of how costume designers design costumes in films that effectively communicate the character in films.
Adipose Derived Stem Cells in Orthopaedics: History and Current Applications
Authors: Johnson Brian , Gupta Rajul , Betz Bret , Kuechly Henry , Kurkowski Sarah , Grawe Brian
Published: May 2024

Context: Some studies have shown promising results with adipose-derived stem cell treatments for orthopaedic problems as a nonsurgical treatment option or an augmentation of surgical treatment. Purpose: Review of the history and background, preparation methods, and current applications of adipose-derived stem cells in orthopedics. Provide critical appraisal of the available evidence for the use of Adipose Derived Stem Cells. Results: Most of the studies utilizing adipose-derived stem cells are case series or meta-analyses with a small number of studies, therefore presenting a risk of selection bias. In cases of femoral head avascular necrosis and meniscal repair, no systematic review or meta-analysis has been published and available evidence is derived from smaller studies. Almost every review article concluded that large, multicenter, randomized control trials are needed to establish the value of adipose-derived stem cells in orthopaedics. Conclusion: There is a need in orthopaedics for treatment modalities that increase biological healing potential for some pathologies and adipose derived stem cells represent a potential modality for such a purpose. However, there is a lack of high quality and robust evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of this treatment modality in orthopaedic applications. The use of adipose derived stem cells in orthopaedics requires additional studies of higher quality before they can be considered an appropriate treatment option. Strength of Recommendation: Level C for use of Adipose-derived stem cells in orthopaedics.
Effectiveness of Intravenous Low-Dose Ketamine Versus Morphine for Procedural Burn Pain Management During Dressing Changes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Otieno Daniel Odhiambo , Khainga Stanley O. , Wanjeri Joseph Kimani , Mwiti Timothy Murithi , Sulemanji Demet S.
Published: May 2024

Background: There is limited literature on using low-dose intravenous ketamine as a single agent for procedural burn pain management during adult dressing changes. Aims & Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of low-dose ketamine compared to morphine as a single analgesic agent in procedural burn pain management during dressing changes. Materials & Methods: We performed an institutional review board-approved, randomized, prospective, double-blinded, controlled, non-inferiority trial. All adult patients 18 years and above scheduled for dressing change were screened. Patients who consented were randomized to receive low-dose ketamine infusion at 0.2mg/kg/hr. In the treatment group, morphine infusion at 0.1mg/kg/hr. In the control group. The primary endpoint was pain intensity, measured using a visual analog scale. Data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat (ITT) approach. Secondary endpoints included rescue analgesia requirements and the occurrence of adverse effects in both groups. Results: 82 patients were enrolled (ketamine 41 vs. morphine 41). We compared VAS scores at 5-minute intervals during the dressing changes. Overall, pain scores are similar in both groups (p-value=0.595). The pain control was homogenous. However, the morphine group required more rescue analgesia throughout the dressing changes than the low-dose ketamine group (p=0.013 at T15, p<0.001 at T20, and p<0.001 at T30). The occurrence of side effects was similar in both groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that low-dose ketamine provides as effective and more predictable procedural analgesia as morphine during dressing procedures for adult burn patients.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Fiksi Melalui Picture and Picture Pada Siswa SD
Authors: Agustin Ranti Dwi , Nuwair Salmah Haifa , Hidayat Otib Satibi , Utami Nidya Chandra Muji
Published: May 2024

Keterampilan menulis merupakan keterampilan Bahasa yang perlu dikuasai oleh peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks fiksi pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas IV sekolah dasar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran picture and picture. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan model Kemmis dan McTaggart. Pada pre-test diperoleh rata – rata nilai sebesar 55 dan presentase siswa yang berhasil hanya mencapai 26%, peningkatan terjadi di siklus I diperoleh rata-rata nilai sebesar 81 dan persentase siswa berhasil 72%. Terjadi peningkatan berikutnya pada siklus II yaitu hasil tes keterampilan menulis teks fiksi diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 87 dan persentase siswa yang berhasil mencapai 85%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran picture and picture dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar.
Fish Growth Performance in RAS Pond Using Hydrocyclone Mechanical Filter
Authors: Rahmawati Aulia , Supriatin Febriyani Eka , Andayani Sri , Mubarok Muhammad Nasim , Rahman Aulia
Published: May 2024

The high feeding and the metabolic output of the fish in intensive aquaculture can cause various problem, such as poor water quality and slowing down the fish growth performance. Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) is a solution to maintain water quality. Unfortunately, the conventional mechanical filter in RAS such as japmat is inefficient. One strategy that can be applied is to use a hydrocyclone. This research aims to observe the fish growth performance in RAS pond using hydrocyclone mechanical filter and its comparison with the use of japmat. Research method was performed by comparing hydrocyclone and japmat in the pond with the RAS system. The research design is completely randomized design (CRD), with three replications in each treatment. The research was carried out through five stages, namely hydrocyclone set-up, RAS ponds set-up, water quality analysis, fish growth measurement, and statistical analysis. Based on the Independent Samples Test, the use of hydrocyclone mechanical filters has a significant effect (P<0.05) on the measured water quality parameters (DO, Temperature, pH, TDS, NH3) except for NO2. Hydrocyclone significantly affect Average Daily Growth and Specific Daily Growth parameters. Whilst, the Survival Rate and Feed Conversion Ratio parameters, it did not give significant effect
The Influence of Problem Based Learning Models on Cognitive Learning Outcomes and Scientific Attitudes of High School Students on Thermochemical Subject
Authors: Adisha Nurhaliza , Rohaeti Eli
Published: May 2024

This study seeks to ascertain whether there are notable disparities in cognitive learning outcomes and scientific attitudes among high school students in both the experimental and control groups regarding thermochemical topics. Additionally, it aims to outline the cognitive learning outcomes profile in the experimental group and evaluate the scientific attitude profile of students in the same group concerning thermochemical concepts. This research is using quantitative research method. The population in this study were five high schools in Sleman Regency, Ngaglik Region. The sample used was SMA 2 Ngaglik in class XI Science. The research employed both non-test methods, such as questionnaires, and test-based approaches, using multiple-choice questions, for data collection. Non-parametric analysis was utilized for data analysis. The findings indicated that there were no significant variances in cognitive learning achievements and scientific attitudes among high school students in both the experimental and control groups regarding thermochemical topics. Moreover, the learning outcomes profile in classes implementing the Problem Based Learning model and scientific approach was rated as very good, while the scientific attitude profile in these classes was deemed adequate across all aspects
Utilizing Visual Teaching Materials to Assist Students in Science Subjects Improves Science Process Skills
Authors: Maizaliani Cut Roza , Muhibbuddin Muhibbuddin , Syukri Muhammad , Saminan Saminan , Nurmaliah Cut , Evendi Evendi , Herliana Fitriana
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement of student's science process skills with the application of visual gaining knowledge media in science subjects. The research method used is an experiment with a quantitative approach. The research design employed in this study is true experiment. The study's target population were all students at SMP Negeri 11 Banda Aceh, while the instance selected in this research were 56 pupils making use of the non-simple random sampling method by means of proportional sampling. The instrument used was 20 items to measure science process skills with multiple choice diagnostic tests. The outcomes of research on science process skills in the experimental class for each indicator were obtained: observing by 31.76%, classifying by 39.99%, interpreting by 62.31%, predicting by 53.42%, asking questions by 27.27%, formulating hypotheses by 21.74%, designing experiments by 34.95%, using tools and materials by 25.83%, applying concepts by 15.46%, and communicating by 21.72%. The study's findings allow for the conclusion that the highest indicator of students' science process skills is in the interpretation indicator, but the least significant indication is in the communication indicator. Therefore, the implementation of visual learning media in science subjects can have a positive impact on improving students science process skills.
A retrospective study of mandibular fractures in tertiary care hospitals of Karachi.
Authors: Syed Muhammad Ali  , Syed Mahmood Haider  , Kashif Ikram  , Zahid Ali  , Syed Muhammad Abdullah Salman  , Raza Ali
Published: May 2024

Objective: To check the prevalence and causes of mandibular Fracture in the teaching hospital of Karachi Pakistan. Study Design: Crossectional, Observational, Retrprospective. Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Karachi Medical and Dental College Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Baqai Dental College University, Karachi. Period: 1st December 2018 to 30th November 2019. Methods: This study was based on randomly selected cases of one year of work at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Baqai Dental College Baqai Medical University Karachi. Results: Road traffic accident like Bike accidents were top in position with 69 %, falls were next in position with 12 %, assault were recorded 10%, sports injuries were 7% and fire arm injuries2%. Mandibular fractures were found to occur at a rate of 22.1% in the parasymphysis, 12.8% in the body, 11.42% at the angle of the jaw, 12.1% in the condyle, 12.14% in the dento alveolar area, 6.4% in the symphysis, and 2.85 % in the ramus. Conclusion: To properly reduce and fix the fractures, a variety of treatment methods were employed. It has been determined that most patients were masculine and between the ages of 20 and 50. The most frequent locations for mandibular fractures were the parasymphysis and body, and the most common cause of trauma in the study participants was auto accidents.