bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Leptin Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement - A Prospective Study
Authors: Alharbi Adel , Mohanty Rinkee , Tomer Geetika , Bajoria Atul Anand , Mohammed Azhar , Babaji Prashant
Published: September 2024

Background:

The evaluation of genetic markers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and their connection to tooth movement can be helpful.

Aim:

The objective of this research is to assess the relationship involving leptin levels and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).

Study Setting and Design:

Thirty individuals reporting to the Department of Orthodontics participated in an observational prospective study.

Material and Method:

Thirty orthodontic patients (15 male and 15 female) were included in the current study. The association of leptin concentration (GCF) was measured before and after orthodontic force was applied to move the mesially impacted canine distally (tooth movement distance on dental cast).

Statistical Analysis:

With the help of SPSS software version 21, the data were statistically examined using the “t” test, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni correction in Chicago. The average degree of tooth movement was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and it was connected to the average leptin levels.

Results:

Average leptin levels in GCF elevated from baseline (T0, 285.315 picograms/micro litre) to 1 h after force application (T1, 384.683 pg/μL), then raised to a maximum at after 24 h (T2, 927.64 pg/μL), and decreased to the least amount after 15 days (T3, 29.26 pg/μL) and another time increase after two months (242.31 pg/μL). The degree of OTM was significantly correlated with the levels of leptin.

Conclusion:

While OTM was occurring, a biphasic fluctuation in the leptin level was noted. The amount of tooth movement was significantly correlated with the GCF leptin level.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Elderly Patients with and without Alzheimer’s Disease - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Khan Ambar , Untoo Rafia , Patthi Basavaraj , Singla Ashish , Kumari Monika , Rajeev Ananthalekshmy
Published: September 2024

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the loss of intellectual functions. The disorder is usually seen after the age of 60 years, and these elderly patients tend to experience a progressive decline in their cognitive and behavioural abilities.

Aim:

The present study was carried out to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in elderly patients suffering from AD as compared to subjects without the disease.

Materials and Method:

One hundred elderly subjects with AD and 150 subjects without AD were included in the study. The subjective assessment of OHRQoL was done using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Demographic and oral characteristics were assessed for dentition status with the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), prosthesis use, xerostomia and presence of oral pathologies.

Results:

GOHAI values were found to be statistically higher (P = 0.0003) in the subjects with AD. The subjects with AD were found to have a higher DMFT (mean difference = 4.11), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) scores (mean difference = 1.54), xerostomia (P = 0.0128) and number of oral pathologies. However, the educational level (P = 0.2603) and number of natural teeth (P = 0.0006) were found to be lower in the group with AD.

Conclusion:

The present study reported that the elderly subjects suffering from AD had poorer OHRQoL than those without the disease. There is a need to comprehensively evaluate the oral health conditions of elderly patients with AD and actively provide management to improve their OHRQoL.
Surgical Lip Repositioning in Search of Aesthetics - A Case Series
Authors: Ikbal SK Aziz , Siddiqui Zeba R. , Dutta Siddhartha , Fatima Tasneem , Mehrotra Roopanshi , Yadav Surendra K.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The gummy smile (GS) or excessive gum visibility (EGV) is an aesthetic concern that affects an individual’s attractiveness and personality.

Treatment Planning:

Lip Repositioning surgery (LRP) is a less invasive surgery that can be attributed to treating EGV due to hypermobile lip muscles or mild-to-moderate vertical maxillary excess (VME). Three patients went through LRP surgery by stripping overlying mucosa from the buccal vestibule, followed by suturing the lip mucosa to the mucogingival junction (MGJ), creating shallow vestibule and restricted muscle pull and reducing gingival visibility (GV) during a smile.

Follow-up:

Three months of follow-up showed a satisfactory result with 3.67 ± 0.58 mm mean reduction in GV.
Impact of Caries Experience on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Pre-school Children and their Families in an Indian City - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Patyal Neha , Rath Hemamalini , Mahapatra Shilpa
Published: September 2024

Background:

The presence of dental caries may have a negative impact on well-being of children and their parents, causing pain and discomfort, leading to poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in them. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different levels of caries experience on the OHRQoL of pre-school children and their families in Odisha, assessed using Odia version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (Od-ECOHIS).

Methodology:

A cross-sectional survey was carried out on a sample of 369 pre-school children using Od-ECOHIS. Dental caries was recorded using International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) index.

Result:

The total score of ECOHIS ranged from 0 to 42 with a mean of 2.4 (±5.3) and a median score of 0. The items bearing high mean scores in the child impact section were related to “pain”, “difficulty in drinking hot or cold beverages”, “difficulty in eating some food”, and “irritable or frustrated”. Though half of children (50.4%) had cavitated carious lesions, the prevalence of negative impact was 30.6%. Compared to the child being caries-free, the expected count of total Od-ECOHIS score increased by 1.54 times if the child had white spot lesion and 1.94 times if the child had a cavitated lesion.

Conclusion:

Presence of dental carious lesions has a significant impact on OHRQoL of pre-school children and their families measured by using Od-ECOHIS even after adjusting for SES and caregivers’ perception of their children’s oral health.
A 2-decade survival from a double hemolytic disease: A case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with hemoglobinopathy
Authors: Chaqmachi Aria Namiq , Hussein Brwa Ali
Published: September 2024

Due to a mutation in the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIGA) gene, hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, and bone marrow failure are the hallmarks of the uncommon hematologic illness known as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Although by different processes, hemoglobinopathies, such as thalassemia, can manifest with hemolytic anemia. The 40-year-old female patient in this case study had a complicated clinical presentation with both hemoglobinopathy – more precisely, a form of thalassemia – and PNH. Abdominal pain, fatigability, and dark urine episodes were the patient’s initial complaints. PNH was confirmed by laboratory testing, which showed low hemoglobin, increased lactate dehydrogenase, and hemosiderinuria. Thalassemia was discovered by a further hematologic workup. It is quite uncommon for hemoglobinopathy and PNH to coexist. This case emphasizes how crucial it is to perform a thorough hematologic examination on patients who have hemolytic anemia to customize treatment plans and enhance patient outcomes. We will discuss therapeutic hurdles, possible treatment choices, and the clinical journey of the patient with a classical type of PNH with access only to steroids, blood transfusions, and supplements.
Association between Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes in Various Body Mass Index Groups: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: De Arpita , Nigam Aruna
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Body mass index (BMI) has been known to be an important determinant of pregnancy morbidities. However, multiple studies show that the effects are equally dependent on the gestational weight gain (GWG). There is a lack of data in the Indian population, especially using the Asia–Pacific guidelines of BMI. This study is meant to identify the degree of association between the GWG in different BMIs and the development of pregnancy morbidities.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective study, in which case records of women who delivered in our hospitals during 1 year were analyzed. Pregnancy outcomes, such as growth restriction, preterm deliveries, development of hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, inductions, and cesareans, were analyzed in three classes of GWG inadequate, adequate, and excess GWG (as per institue of medicine guidelines). The Chi-square test was done to see the difference in the pregnancy outcomes.

Results:

Of the 1396 women enrolled, women with inadequate GWG had higher preterm deliveries (13.8% vs. 4.4%, P < 0.001) and fetal growth restriction (8.8% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.003) with higher odds in underweight women with inadequate GWG (odds ratio [OR] of 2.6 and 1.75, respectively). Excess GWG had a significantly higher induction (34.9% vs. 29%, P > 0.05) and cesarean delivery rate (34.3% vs. 21.6%, P = 0.003) with higher odds seen in obese women with excess GWG (OR of 2.6 and 1.75, respectively).

Conclusion:

All women having out-of-range BMI should be identified during the first antenatal contact. Inadequate GWG in underweight women and excess GWG in obese women should be strictly monitored and targeted to prevent a wide spectrum of maternal morbidities.
Controlled severe periodontitis rehabilitation for a young patient: All-on-4/all-on-6 implant concept
Authors: Durrani Farhan , Ahlawat Shweta , Vani S. U. Gokila , Kumari Ekta
Published: September 2024

All-on-4/all-on-6 implant rehabilitation in severe periodontitis subjects is an unpredictable approach. Bone and attachment loss had been progressive in these kinds of individuals even after thorough treatment planning. In our report, we highlight the treatment modality in a controlled subject of this disease till complete restoration with a follow-up of 3 years.
Role of Local Governments and the Challenges Involved in Implementing the Elderly Care Initiatives in Kerala
Authors: Sundaram Divya Chaithanya , Jagajeevan N. , Krishnapillai Vijayakumar , Soman Biju , Praveen M. , Gopinath Aravind
Published: September 2024

Background:

Among the states of India, Kerala is likely to be the first aging society, and it is one of the pioneers to introduce a senior citizen policy of its own. Elderly care in the state is an integrated effort of many departments with local governments (LGs) playing a major role. This comes with many challenges at different levels of the policy implementation.

Methodology:

A qualitative approach is used involving document review, key informant interviews, and secondary data analysis.

Results:

The results are organized under four themes: (1) decentralized governance and elderly care, (2) the role of various stakeholders other than LG in elderly care initiatives, (3) challenges in planning and implementation of elderly care programs, and (4) from State Old Age Policy (2006) to State Policy for Senior Citizens (2013). The existing projects are mostly focused on nutrition, infrastructure facilities, and treatment of noncommunicable diseases, while challenges such as feminization of age and specific needs of the heterogeneous elderly population are least prioritized.

Conclusion:

Secondary data analysis and the perspectives from stakeholders at different levels of the system emphasize the inefficient utilization of allocated funds, inadequacy of domain experts, capacity building facilities and situation analysis during the planning process, and lack of consistent monitoring and evaluation of existing projects. While the LGs have a major role in the planning and implementation of elderly care initiatives, the existing gaps identified from the study show that there is a need for a better framework and a holistic vision to effectively integrate various stakeholders in elderly care with a right-based perspective.
Delhi Belly during Deadly Summers: A Study of Acute Diarrhea Due to Vibrio cholerae Infection
Authors: Vyas Neha Natvarlal , Karade Santosh , Singhal Anuj , Bhatt Puneet , Sood Arniv , Kapoor Umesh
Published: September 2024

Background:

Cholera is an acute, watery diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, and a major public health problem in developing nations with poor sanitary conditions. Summers of 2024 in Delhi witnessed extremes of temperature, and water scarcity, sparking rise in diarrhoeal illnesses.

Aims and Objective:

The primary objective of this study is to investigate aetiology of diarrheal diseases during summer using a rapid molecular method, ‘gastrointestinal syndromic panel testing by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)’ on stool specimen, with special attention to Vibrio Cholerae.

Material and Methods:

This study was carried out between April to June of 2024, at a tertiary care hospital of Delhi Cantonment. Stool samples were collected from cases of acute watery diarrhoea and processed in parallel for conventional culture and commercially available multiplex PCR, BioFire Film Array.

Results:

BioFire Gastro-intestinal (GI) panel identified a total of 55 pathogens in 35 stool samples (63.63%) with multiple organisms detected in 15 (42.85%) samples. Conventional microbiological culture revealed Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa as the causative agent in six cases, whereas BioFire GI panel detected Vibrio cholera in seven.

Conclusion:

Multiplex PCR assay on stool sample offers a shorter turnaround time and the ability to detect a wide array of pathogens. BioFire GI panel is recommended as a screening tool for prompt diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis in a setting of an outbreak.
Vehicle to Pedestrian Relative State Estimation via Fusing Ultrawideband Radios and a Monocular Camera
Authors: Ott Nicholas , Flegel Tyler , Bevly David
Published: September 2024

As sensors, particularly Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radios and monocular cameras, becomes less cost prohibitive and the need for self contained relative position solutions rises, algorithms to provide a relative position solution under these constraints have gained more attention in research. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) was developed to fuse an array of UWB radios and a monocular camera together. This filter combined the sensors described with a relative motion model to estimate Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) relative motion states. A significant challenge in using cameras to perform relative ranging is the mapping between camera detections in the image domain and ranging information in the position domain. It is shown that the filter is capable of learning it’s own mapping between the position and image domains to avoid the requirement of an a-priori image to position mapping model. This system was deployed on experimental hardware collecting real world data in a variety of test scenarios. Performance metrics were generated evaluating how the filter performed in different experimental datasets compared to ground truth. It was found under optimal operating conditions, the inclusion of the camera makes a marginal increase in estimate quality. However, in situations where the UWBs on their own struggle, the monocular camera provides the necessary redundancy to keep the relative state estimate constrained.
Automated System/Software Safety Analysis Using Model-Based Systems
Engineering
Authors: Czerniak Gregory P. , Proenza Rodolfo
Published: September 2024

We present a data model for performing system and software safety in a way that
is compatible with Digital Engineering and Model-Based Systems Engineering. This
requires imposing structure into the system/software safety process that allows
for interfacing with other data models and for other data models to interface
with the system safety model. Doing this allows for high amounts of
traceability, and it has allowed for Safety Assessment Reports for small
projects to be generated and analyzed in weeks.
Integration of Vehicle Dynamics with Finite Element Composite
Structure Simulation
Authors: Montalbano Andrew , Mocko Gregory , Li Gang
Published: September 2024

As engineering systems evolve to encompass more intricate and complex designs,
featuring a broad range of physical phenomena, the task of modeling these
systems with high fidelity becomes increasingly challenging. This complexity
often surpasses what a single simulation tool can handle, requiring the
integration of various tools to comprehensively cover all facets of the system,
with their outcomes merged to represent the entire system accurately. This paper
presents a case study of such an integration, focusing on a vehicle dynamics
simulation that incorporates composite materials. The vehicle’s dynamics
are modeled using Chrono, while the simulation of the composite materials is
conducted in Abaqus. The outputs from both tools are then amalgamated to provide
a complete description of the system.
Fidelity Requirements for Digital Scenes in Off-Road AGV
Simulation
Authors: Goodin Chris , Carruth Daniel W. , Dabbiru Lalitha , Hedrick Michael , Black Brandon , Aspin Zachary , Carrillo Justin T. , Kaniarz John
Published: September 2024

3
A Tailored Analytical Approach to Design Synthesis from Concept to
Reality
Authors: Jolma Carl , Minger Robert
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a case study in which tailored analytical models are utilized
to improve decision making in the design process. This methodology was leveraged
in the design of improvements for the Heavy Assault Scissor Bridge (HASB), which
resulted in an optimized end product that added new functionality to the legacy
bridge system while reducing weight by 36%. The study demonstrates the
importance of adapting the analytical approach to the specific problem at hand,
highlighting the iterative and recursive nature of trade studies in navigating
complex design challenges. By isolating variables at key decision points, the
study shows how trade studies can inform more efficient and effective design
choices. Through practical examples and simulations, the paper illustrates how
this tailored approach can lead to the development of a robust and reliable
control mechanism for a folding bridge.
A Simulation Framework for Evaluating the Cybersecurity of Autonomous Ground Vehicles
Authors: Goodin Christopher , Fuller Sara C. , Carruth Daniel W. , Moore Kaneesha K. , Skinner Benjamin T. , Mueller Carl L.
Published: September 2024

Autonomous ground vehicles (AGV) are comprised of a network of interconnected components including sensors, drive-by-wire actuators, and on-board computing. This on-vehicle network is often connected to a larger network which may include a ground station, other autonomous systems, or remote servers. While AGV share many features with other mobile networked devices like cell phones, the AGV computing and networking architecture may be vulnerable in ways that other systems are not, and the consequences of an attack may result in more severe physical consequences. In this paper, we present a systematic study of the network architecture of an AGV system, a cross-domain evaluation of possible attack vectors for AGV, and an implementation of a simulated cyberphysical test range that reveals the real-world consequences of cyberphysical attacks on AGV.
Lessons Learned from Applying the Future Airborne Capability Environment (FACE TM ) Technical Standard in Military Ground Vehicle Architectures
Authors: Elliott Leonard , Crook Christopher , Sherrill Joel
Published: September 2024

TM
Impacts of Injection Pressure and Timing on Energy-Assisted Compression-Ignition Combustion with Gaussian-Shaped Ribbed Piston Bowl Design
Authors: Amezcua Eri R. , Stafford Jacob M. , Rothamer David A. , Kim Kenneth S. , Kweon Chol-bum M.
Published: September 2024

The impacts of injection pressure with a Gaussian-shaped ribbed piston bowl design for energy-assisted compression-ignition (EACI) combustion were investigated in an optically accessible engine. Three injection pressures (600, 800, and 1000 bar) were investigated for three potential first injection timings corresponding to injection timings for injection dwells of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 ms of a fixed second injection timing of -5.0 CAD. Reliable positioning of the hot combusted gases from the first injection near the injector tip enables mixing-controlled combustion of the second injection. Results demonstrated the EACI capabilities of pairing high injection pressures with the Gaussian-shaped ribbed piston bowl. At higher injection pressures, the redirection of fuel vapors from the in-line fuel jet back toward the ignition assistant (IA) increased the residence time the fuel mixture was exposed to the hot zone from the ignition assistant, reducing the possibility of misfires. Results also indicate higher injection pressure accelerates the ignition process of the first injection, enabling the operation of shorter injection dwells by reducing the time it takes for the combusted gases from the first injection to reach the location of the injector. These demonstrate the ability to potentially achieve EACI operation at more application-relevant engine speeds.
Defect-Rich Reduced Graphitic Carbon Nitride as the Sulfur Host
Material for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Yazdani Aliakbar , Seltin Benjamin R. , Fahlman Bradley D. , Pandey Jyoti , Jakhar Mukesh , Barone Veronica , Petkov Valeri , Ding Yi
Published: September 2024

Defect-rich reduced graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized using a facile and
scalable technique and utilized as the host material for sulfur as the active
cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries. Multiple analytical and
electrochemical tests were conducted to understand and optimize the
physiochemical properties of the reduced graphitic carbon nitride for battery
application. By utilizing this sulfur host, the specific capacity of the battery
increased by up to 2X over pristine graphitic carbon nitride host at lower
charge/discharge rates. The presence of defects and higher porosity compared to
pristine graphitic carbon nitride were shown to be the main difference between
these sulfur hosts.
A exemplaridade da justiça divina no além na versão portuguesa Visão de Túndalo
Authors: Pereira Solange
Published: September 2024

No imaginário da sociedade cristã medieval a justiça terrena não era concebida como uma ação desvinculada da justiça divina, coexistiam ambas, simultaneamente, tanto no mundo dos vivos quanto no mundo dos mortos. No entanto, segundo os discursos clericais, a verdadeira justiça era aquela realizada por Deus no pós-morte, que determina as sentenças destinadas às almas no Além. Este é estruturado em espaços associados às condutas morais cristãs: o Inferno, Purgatório e Paraíso. As narrativas visionárias se tornaram um instrumento essencial na divulgação dessa retórica cristã ao dar uma projeção visual de um Deus juiz que pune, salva e recompensa os eleitos e os danados, de acordo com os seus merecimentos, no post-mortem. Neste artigo analisamos as descrições da justiça divina sobre as almas nos lugares do Além na versão portuguesa da Visão de Túndalo como elementos de exemplaridade que visam instruir e aconselhar a sociedade medieval sobre as ações comportamentais deste mundo, levando ao caminho da salvação ou da danação. Discutimos também um panorama sobre as aplicações da justiça realizada no plano terreno por meio de ações de monarcas portugueses da Dinastia de Avis.
Gioielli devozionali e identità religiosa. Il caso dei monili con la Vergine di Loreto
Authors: Franzon Serena
Published: September 2024

Il presente contributo indaga i gioielli con iconografie di stampo devozionale all’interno del contesto tardo medievale e rinascimentale italiano (XV e XVI secolo). Nell’ambito della cultura materiale del periodo in oggetto, i monili con rappresentazioni a carattere religioso si connotarono come oggetti funzionali sia alle esperienze devozionali compiute dai fedeli, quali i pellegrinaggi e la preghiera domestica, sia alla comunicazione di tali esperienze all’interno della cerchia sociale. In particolare, il contributo si concentra sui monili legati a un’importante meta di pellegrinaggio: il Santuario della Santa Casa di Loreto, discutendo come le immagini riferite a questo specifico santuario presentino dei caratteri iconografici caratteristici e ben identificabili. Partendo da queste considerazioni, l’articolo discute un piccolo nucleo di tre gioielli, finora attribuiti dubitativamente all’area spagnola, e ne propone una produzione legata al famoso santuario della Santa Casa di Loreto. Lo studio stilistico e quello tipologico sono affiancati all’analisi degli aspetti iconografici in relazione ad altre opere d’arte, con particolare attenzione alla rappresentazione del miracolo della traslazione della Santa Casa e a quella della statua della Vergine col Bambino posta nel santuario lauretano.
Closing the Gap: Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches
Authors: Haring Johannes , Hadži´c Vedad , Bloem Roderick
Published: September 2024

Security verification of masked software implementations of cryptographic algorithms must account for microarchitectural side-effects of CPUs. Leakage contracts were proposed to provide a formal separation between hardware and software verification, ensuring interoperability and end-to-end security for independently verified components. However, previously proposed leakage contracts did not consider a class of ephemeral hardware effects called glitches, which leaves a considerable gap between security models and the capabilities of real-world attackers. We address this issue by extending the model for leakage contracts to account for glitches and transitions. We further present the first end-to-end verification tool for transient leakage contracts. Our hardware and software verification rely on the same contract as a single source of truth, facilitating fully machine-checked verification from the hardware gate level to the software. By allowing contracts to be written in the C programming language we make power contracts more accessible and intuitive for system-level engineers. To showcase the efficacy of our approach, we apply it to the RISC-V Ibex core. We show that it is possible to write a power contract for Ibex without any modifications to the hardware design. Using this contract, we prove end-to-end security between masked software and gate-level hardware.
Fast Transciphering Via Batched And Reconfigurable LUT Evaluation
Authors: Schild Leonard , Abidin Aysajan , Preneel Bart
Published: September 2024

Fully homomorphic encryption provides a way to perform computations in a privacy preserving manner. However, despite years of optimization, modern methods may still be too computationally expensive for devices limited by speed or memory constraints. A paradigm that may bridge this gap consists of transciphering: as fully homomorphic schemes can perform most computations obliviously, they can also execute the decryption circuit of any conventional block or stream cipher. Hence, less powerful systems may continue to encrypt their data using classical ciphers that may offer hardware support (e.g., AES) and outsourcing the task of transforming the ciphertexts into their homomorphic equivalent to more powerful systems. In this work, we advance transciphering methods that leverage accumulator-based schemes such as Torus-FHE (TFHE) or FHEW. To this end, we propose a novel method to homomorphically evaluate look-up tables in a setting in which encrypted digits are provided on base 2. At a high level, our method relies on the fact that functions with binary range, i.e., mapping values to {0, 1}, can be evaluated at the same computational cost as negacyclic functions, relying only on the default functionality of accumulator based schemes. To test our algorithm, we implement the AES-128 encryption circuit in OPENFHE and report timings of 67 s for a single block, which is 25% faster than the state of the art and in general, up to 300% faster than other recent works. Furthermore, we achieve this speedup without relying on an instantiation that leverages a power of 2 modulus and can exploit the natural modulo arithmetic of modern processors.
SPA-GPT: General Pulse Tailor for Simple Power Analysis Based on Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Ziyu , Ding Yaoling , Wang An , Zhang Yuwei , Wei Congming , Sun Shaofei , Zhu Liehuang
Published: September 2024

In side-channel analysis of public-key algorithms, we usually classify operations based on the differences in power traces produced by different basic operations (such as modular square or modular multiplication) to recover secret information like private keys. The more accurate the segmentation of power traces, the higher the efficiency of their classification. There exist two commonly used methods: one is equidistant segmentation, which requires a fixed number of basic operations and similar trace lengths for each type of operation, leading to limited application scenarios; the other is peak-based segmentation, which relies on personal experience to configure parameters, resulting in insufficient flexibility and poor universality.
In this paper, we propose an automated trace segmentation method based on reinforcement learning applicable to a wide range of common implementation of public-key algorithms. The introduction of reinforcement learning, which doesn’t need labels, into trace processing for side-channel analysis marks its debut in this field. Our method has good universality on the traces with varying segment lengths and differing peak heights. By using prioritized experience replay optimized Deep Q-Network algorithm, we reduce the required number of parameters to one, which is the key length. We also employ various techniques to improve the segmentation effectiveness, such as clustering algorithm and enveloped-based feature enhancement. We validate the effectiveness of the new method in nine scenarios involving hardware and software implementations of different public-key algorithms executed on diverse platforms such as microcontrollers, SAKURA-G, and smart cards. Specifically, one of these implementations is protected by time randomization countermeasures. Experimental results show that a basic version of our method can correctly segment most traces. The enhanced version is capable of reconstructing the sequence of operations during trace segmentation, achieving an accuracy rate of 100% for the majority of the traces. For traces that cannot be entirely restored, we utilize reward values of reinforcement learning to correct errors and achieve fully recovery. We also conducted comparative experiments with supervised seq2seq methods, revealing our approach’s 42% higher accuracy in operation recovery and 96% faster time efficiency. In addition, we applied our method to the post-quantum cryptography Kyber, and successfully recovered an intermediate value crucial for deriving the secret key. Besides, power traces collected from these devices have been uploaded as open databases, which are available for researchers engaged in public-key algorithms to conduct related experiments or verify our method.
Enabling PERK and other MPC-in-the-Head Signatures on Resource-Constrained Devices
Authors: Bettaieb Slim , Bidoux Loïc , Budroni Alessandro , Palumbi Marco , Perin Lucas Pandolfo
Published: September 2024

One category of the digital signatures submitted to the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization Process for Additional Digital Signature Schemes comprises proposals constructed leveraging the MPC-in-the-Head (MPCitH) paradigm. Typically, this framework is characterized by the computation and storage in sequence of large data structures both in signing and verification algorithms, resulting in heavy memory consumption. While some research on the efficiency of these schemes on high-performance machines has been done, studying their performance and optimization on resource-constrained ones still needs to be explored. In this work, we aim to address this gap by (1) introducing a general method to reduce the memory footprint of MPCitH schemes and analyzing its application to several MPCitH proposed schemes in the NIST Standardization Process. Additionally, (2) we conduct a detailed examination of potential memory optimizations in PERK, resulting in a streamlined version of the signing and verification algorithms with a reduced memory footprint ranging from 22 to 85 KB, down from the original 0.3 to 6 MB. Finally, (3) we introduce the first implementation of PERK tailored for Arm Cortex M4 alongside extensive experiments and comparisons against reference implementations.
METODOLOGÍA DE ELABORACIÓN DEL MANUAL DE GESTIÓN POR PROCESOS Y HECHOS: TEORÍA Y PRÁCTICA. RELACIÓN CON LAS CARTAS DE SERVICIOS
Authors: VÁZQUEZ VÁZQUEZ JOAQUÍN
Published: September 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es dotar de una metodología sencilla y práctica a los órganos, organismos y unidades de la Junta de Andalucía y sus actuales Organismos Autónomos —metodología de la que se carece hasta el momento— a la hora de elaborar su propio manual de gestión por procesos y hechos, de forma que aquellos puedan aplicar la técnica de gestión por procesos orientándola a los resultados exigidos a una Administración moderna, evaluable y evaluada en sus objetivos y prestación de servicios de calidad, como postula la Administración de la Junta de Andalucía en sus instrumentos de modernización.
A New Optimization Approach for the Tallest Column Design
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Department of Applied Mechanics, Novi Sad, Serbia, Spasić Dragan T. , Atanacković Teodor M. ,   Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Serbia
Published: September 2024

Motivated by the classical brachistochrone we present a new pattern of finding the shape of a vertical column that attains the maximum height if its material and volume are prescribed. It comprises the optimal control problem with a free end point. Besides, the constitutive equation of the column is such that it can suffer flexure, compression and shear. The critical load of a heavy compressed column for the finite values of shear and extensional rigidity and the novel use of the Pontryagin maximum principle with the corresponding first integral yielding the non-vanishing optimal cross section as a solution of a quadratic equation are main novelties of this work. The classical solution for the tallest column under selfweight is covered as a special case for infinite values of shear and extensional rigidity.
On a Recent Question from the Orthogonal b-metric-like Spaces
Authors:   University of Pristina in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia, Dolićanin Ðekić Diana , Radenović Stojan ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Serbia
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we announce a beautiful and important application of the results of the paper of two Romanian mathematicians: R. Miculescu, A. Mihail, New fixed point theorems for set-valued contractions in b-metric spaces, J. Fixed Point Theory Appl., 19, 2153-2163 (2017). Namely, the method they gave in the mentioned paper for b-metric spaces can be applied without difficulty to b-metric-like spaces as well. Thus, the results on b-metric spaces established in the papers: Hassen Aydi, Monica-Felicia Bota, Erdal Karapinar and Slobodanka Mitrović, A fixed point theorem for set-valued quasi-contraction in b-metric spaces, Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2012, 2012:88, and Nicola Fabiano, Zoran Kadelburg, Stojan Radenović, and Milica Savatović, Remarks on ”On new orthogonal contractions in b-metric spaces” and ”On orthogonal partial b-metric spaces with an application”, can be extended to b-metric-like spaces as well. Also, using the significant paper at the beginning of the mentioned Romanian professors, a positive answer can be directly given to the question given at the end of the recent paper: M. Gardašević-Filipović, K. Kukić, D. Gardašević, Z. D. Mitrović, Some best proximity point results in the orthogonal 0-complete b-metric-like spaces, J. Contemp. Math. Anal. Armen. Acad. Sci., 58 (2), 105–115 (2023). In the same way, the interval [0,1s ) belonging to the coefficient of some type of contraction within the b-metric-like space can be extended to the entire interval [0,1).
“Why Do People Accept Ideologies that Contradict their Conscious Interests?”
Authors: Ruttner Florian
Published: September 2024

For a short time in the mid-1930s, Prague turned into the hub of discussions about the role of psychology in history. Far from being a mere methodological debate, the question why masses act against their conscious interests was seen as a central point of this endeavor. The issue intrigued not only the left-leaning Czechoslovak historians who formed the Historická skupina (the Historical Group) and were influenced by similar attempts in Germany, namely by the Institut für Sozialforschung in Frankfurt am Main, but also psychoanalysts in exile, like Otto Fenichel, who conducted inquiries in a similar vein, all the more as the menace of German fascism grew stronger. The paper sketches the contacts between different groups and presents the main results of their deliberations.
Protesting, Destroying Symbols, Lynching, Onlooking, and Rallying
Authors: Standeisky Éva
Published: September 2024

The paper discusses the activities, the behaviour, and the function of the crowd of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. Based on contemporary documents, the study shows the characteristics of the mass movements of the 1956 Revolution. The main question is how the crowd, already explored theoretically by social psychology and other sciences, functioned in different settings: what types of gatherings and demonstrations emerged, how the local context and the social composition of the crowd influenced its behaviour, and how this was perceived by bystanders.
“Crowds confined into phalansteries built from their own data, human mass regressed into a hedonistic infant body.”
Authors: Keresztury Dorka
Published: September 2024

The article examines how László Garaczi’s Weszteg portrays isolation and mass formation in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. In the first part of my essay, I investigate the representation of the “quarantine state.” I argue that in the novel, technology deepens isolation instead of helping to connect with others. In the next section, I examine how the novel depicts the transformation of our relationship with “live” presence, physical proximity, and mass situations due to the pandemic and increasing technological mediation. As I show, physical contact with others and being in a crowd appear exclusively as inconvenient, frustrating, or threatening experiences in the novel. Thereafter, I analyze the dystopian images of violent, barbaric crowds in the text. I claim that they condense collective fears arising from the pandemic, and the novel sensitively points out the mechanisms of scapegoating in times of crisis. Finally, I argue that the novel also vividly portrays a mass experience that is not connected to physical presence. The “virtual crowd,” organized with the facilitation of mass media, is depicted as a multitude of lonely, isolated individuals. I scrutinize the characteristics of this crowd, as well as the role of biopolitical power and mass media—especially aggressive news streams—in organizing the masses and maintaining isolation.
Recurrent Prostatic Stromal Tumour of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMP) Presenting with Urinary Retention 6 Years after Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP)
Authors: Wee HM , Ho SH , Tan PH
Published: September 2024

Clinical Presentation: A 56-year-old Chinese male with previously diagnosed prostatic stromal tumour of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) presented with urinary retention 6 years after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP).

Treatment and Outcome: Cystoscopy showed a papillary tumour of the prostatic urethra causing near-complete obstruction. Repeat TURP was performed. He has been asymptomatic since.

Conclusion: There has been fewer than 100 cases of this lesion reported worldwide. Definitive treatment is not well established. Long-term follow-up to monitor progression and possible recurrence is required, and repeat TURP or radical surgery may be necessary.
Snakebite in a Child: Could We Avoid the Anaphylaxis or the Fasciotomies?
Authors: Hon KLE , Chow CM , Cheung KL , Leung TF
Published: September 2024

Introduction: We report the unusual presentation and complications of a case of snakebite, involving a child and his mother, who were bitten by the same snake.

Clinical Picture: The mother was well but the child developed worsening local pain and swelling.

Treatment and Outcome: Test doses of antivenom were administered but he developed anaphylactic shock. Subsequently, he developed compartment syndrome and fasciotomies were performed.

Conclusions: This report serves to alert the public to a few of the avoidable risk factors associated with snakebites (such as avoiding areas known to harbour snakes in the evening in summer and autumn, and wearing protective footwear), and the clinician of the important management issues in snake-bites. Precautions for anaphylaxis must be taken when antivenom is administered. If a bitten patient with rapid extension of local injury does not receive any antivenom, compartment syndrome complicating local injury can occur.
Peran Media Sosial Instagram Sebagai Media Promosi Objek Wisata Tankayo Eco Park
Authors: Utami Fatia , . Defhany
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the Role of Instagram Social Media as a Promotional Media for Tankayo Eco Park Sharia Malalo Tourism Object. Role is defined as having a positive meaning and is expected to be able to influence or achieve company goals. The role of Instagram social media is carried out as a result of advances in communication and internet technology which have caused significant changes in consumer behavior in seeking information. To describe this research using the AISAS theory created by Dentsu, 2005, there are 5 elements in this model, namely attention, interest, search, action, and share. This research uses qualitative methods through observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the management of the Tankayo Eco Park Syariah tourist attraction made Instagram the main platform in carrying out its promotional activities. Instagram social media acts as a promotional media for Tankayo Eco Park Syariah attractions by posting content in the form of photos and videos to introduce Tankayo to potential visitors carried out by the Instagram admin. Tankayo Eco Park Syariah also receives free promotions obtained through the Instagram accounts of visitors who create content and tag Tankayo Eco Park Syariah Instagram. The use of Instagram social media by Tankayo Eco Park Syariah is able to attract visitors to come directly to the attraction
Process Intensification in Distillation using HiGee Rotating Packed Bed
Authors:   University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India, VV Basava Rao
Published: September 2024

For decades, improving the gas-side mass transfer coefficient in rotating packed beds has been a formidable challenge. Distillation, often limited by gas-phase resistance, requires substantial innovation to enhance these coefficients. Rotating packed beds offer a distinct advantage over conventional columns, primarily due to the intense micro-mixing within fluid channels. This micro-mixing significantly boosts mass transfer between phases and facilitates rapid attainment of steady-state conditions, making them a superior choice for processes where gas-side resistance is the bottleneck. The current study emphasis on the mass transfer performance of rotating packed for acetone water system with two different packing materials viz., wire mesh and ceramic beads. Working principle of HiGee, typical flow pattern, modeling equations have been discussed in this paper. The effects of rotational speed, gas flow rates and radial thickness of the packing on mass transfer performance were also investigated. The mass transfer coefficients of the rotating packed bed HiGee were increased with increasing the rotational speed. The Height Equivalent to Theoretical Plates (HETP) of the rotating packed bed used in this study was 5-6 times less than the conventional packed columns. This study contributes to significantly advancing the industrial applications of rotating packed beds.
Cybersecurity in Day-to-Day Life : A Technical Perspective
Authors:   Cision, NC, USA, Madupati Bhanuprakash
Published: September 2024

Cybersecurity has become one of the most important elements of our daily lives, both for individual and business purposes, as we are connected virtually more than ever. With threats of all kinds, from those targeting personal mobile devices to phishing attacks and ransomware, the importance of thorough cybersecurity practices cannot be overstated. In this paper, we provide hands-on practical insights into how one might apply cybersecurity practices to what is soon to be (if not already) everyday activities. The paper focuses on common cyber threats, such as phishing or ransomware, and includes practical technical solutions to reduce the risks resulting from these attacks. Multiple reports on this problem have been improved in the paper by proposing multifactor authentication, encryption protocols, permanent propagation patches, and user education as basic elements of a proactive cybersecurity strategy. Learning and applying these safety measures is critical in protecting personal details and preserving privacy in a world where people continually access digital technology daily.
FEATURES OF PROMOTION OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES SERVICES BASED ON DIGITAL MARKETING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Soboleva Yuliya P.
Published: September 2024

Currently, the development of the socio-­cultural life of the country is carried out at a fairly rapid pace. The 2020 pandemic was a turning point in this process: many cultural institutions, not wanting to lose their audience, began to use various forms of online promotion of their services. They began to actively master interactive forms of events, online communication with visitors. This trend has not lost its relevance even after organizations and institutions quit remote work. The issue of promoting products and services of creative industries is of particular relevance. Creative activities combine creativity with innovation. The purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations for the promotion of creative industries services based on Internet marketing technologies. To achieve this goal, the work systematizes knowledge about the specifics of the development of creative industries, assesses their economic potential, develops stages aimed at promoting the organization of its services, adapts well-known theories and practices of digital marketing technology in relation to the industry under study. The object of the study is the domestic creative industry, the subject is the system of relationships between the main stakeholders in the process of promoting the creative industry. The following scientific methods were used in the course of the work: descriptive, analytical, statistical. The study has developed and tested a system of criteria to assess the effectiveness of the functioning of modern creative industries. A mechanism for promoting services in the field of cultural industries using Internet marketing technologies has been developed, including elements of a communication strategy, the most appropriate digital channels and tools for promoting cultural goods.