bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adopted Children’s Behavioral Adjustment Over Time: Pre-Adoption Experiences and Adoptive Parenting
Authors: Finet Chloë , Vermeer Harriet J. , Juffer Femmie , Bijttebier Patricia , Bosmans Guy
Published: June 2019

We tested whether adoptive parenting played a role in the association between pre-adoption experiences and children’s adaptive (responsiveness) and maladaptive (internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems, attention and sleep problems) behavioral adjustment over time. Ten-year-old girls, adopted at 13 months from institutional care ( n = 50) or foster care ( n = 42) in China to the Netherlands, participated 2 months (Time 1, N = 92), 6 months (Time 2, N = 92), and 9 years after adoption (Time 3, N = 87). At Times 1 and 2, the adoptees showed significantly fewer behavioral problems in many areas than non-adopted youth, with medium to large effect sizes. At Time 3, the adoptees showed similar rates of behavioral problems as non-adopted youth, with the exception of somewhat elevated levels of internalizing problems. Pre-adoption experiences were not associated with their behavioral adjustment. Furthermore, adoptive parenting did not moderate the association between pre-adoption experiences and behavioral adjustment over time. Nevertheless, the finding that the adoptees generally did not show above-average levels of behavioral problems illustrates that adoption had a positive impact on their development.
Canine-assisted occupational therapy for children on the autism spectrum: Challenges in practice
Authors: Hill Jessica , Ziviani Jenny , Driscoll Carlie , Cawdell-Smith Judy
Published: June 2019

Statement of context:

Canine-assisted occupational therapy for children on the autism spectrum has been proposed as a means of enhancing goal-directed interventions, yet there remain no clear guidelines of its safe and ethical practice.

Critical reflection on practice:

Introducing a therapy dog into occupational therapy practices with children on the autism spectrum was found to require a complex and multifaceted set of skills requiring additional training to support the safety and wellbeing of both the client and the therapy dog.

Implications for practice:

Canine-assisted occupational therapy with children on the autism spectrum requires clear practice guidelines, as well as continuing professional development opportunities.
Epidemiology of Interpersonal Trauma among Women and Men Psychiatric Inpatients: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Gatov Evgenia , Koziel Nicole , Kurdyak Paul , Saunders Natasha R. , Chiu Maria , Lebenbaum Michael , Chen Simon , Vigod Simone N.
Published: July 2019

Objective:

Small clinical samples suggest that psychiatric inpatients report a lifetime history of interpersonal trauma. Since past experiences of trauma may complicate prognosis and treatment trajectories, population-level knowledge is needed about its prevalence and correlates among inpatients.

Methods:

Using health-administrative databases comprising all adult psychiatric inpatients in Ontario, Canada (2009 to 2016, n = 160,436, 49% women), we identified those who reported experiencing physical, sexual, and/or emotional trauma in their lifetime, 1 year, and 30 days preceding admission. We described the prevalence of each type of trauma, comparing women and men using modified Poisson regression, and identified individual-level characteristics associated with lifetime trauma history using multivariable logistic regression.

Results:

31.7% of inpatients reported experiencing trauma prior to admission. Lifetime prevalence was higher in women (39.6% vs. 24.1%; age-adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.65 to 1.71), including sexual (22.7% vs. 8.4%; aPR = 2.81; 95% CI, 2.73 to 2.89), emotional (33.3% vs. 19.4%; aPR = 1.76; 95% CI, 1.72 to 1.79), and physical trauma (24.2% vs. 14.8%; aPR = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.65 to 1.72). Factors most prominently associated with lifetime trauma were witnessing parental substance use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 8.68; 95% CI, 8.39 to 8.99), female sex (aOR = 2.29; 95% CI, 2.23 to 2.35), and number of recent stressful life events (aOR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.59 to 1.65).

Conclusions:

These results suggest that trauma-informed approaches are essential to consider in the design and delivery of inpatient psychiatric services for both women and men.
Impact of a Trauma-Informed Intervention for Youth and Staff on Rates of Violence in Juvenile Detention Settings
Authors: Baetz Carly Lyn , Surko Michael , Moaveni Mahtab , McNair Felicia , Bart Amanda , Workman Sara , Tedeschi Frank , Havens Jennifer , Guo Fei , Quinlan Carol , Horwitz Sarah McCue
Published: June 2019

The majority of youth in the juvenile justice system have experienced multiple traumatic events in their lives, including community violence, physical abuse, neglect, and traumatic loss. These high prevalence rates, coupled with the known negative consequences of trauma in childhood and adolescence, have led to a greater emphasis on implementing trauma-informed services and practices within juvenile justice settings. However, although many stakeholders and government entities have expressed support for creating more trauma-informed juvenile justice systems, there is still limited empirical knowledge about which interventions are most effective at improving outcomes, particularly at the organizational or facility level. In an effort to fill this gap, the current study evaluated the impact of a trauma-informed milieu intervention, including skills training for youth and training for staff, on rates of violence at two secure juvenile detention facilities ( N = 14,856) located in a large Northeastern city. The analyses revealed that the intervention was significantly related to a reduction of violent incidents in Facility A, with no impact on incidents in Facility B. Follow-up analyses revealed that a larger proportion of eligible youth in Facility A completed the skills group program as compared with eligible youth in Facility B (16% vs. 9%). This finding has important implications for the implementation of trauma-informed interventions for youth in juvenile detention settings, as it suggests that to impact outcomes at the facility level, a minimum threshold of youth may need to be exposed to the intervention. In addition, reductions in violence at Facility A were only realized after both staff training and youth skills components were implemented, suggesting that both components are necessary to create change at the facility level. Future research is needed to further explore the impact of organizational and implementation-level factors on trauma-informed care outcomes in juvenile justice settings.
Everything but the Kitchen Sink? Factors Associated With Local Economic Development Strategy Use
Authors: Morgan Jonathan Q. , Hoyman Michele M. , McCall Jamie R.
Published: June 2019

Rubin (1988) argued communities “shoot anything that flies and claim anything that falls” in their efforts to attract businesses. Such a perspective implies local governments will use large numbers of strategies as they try “everything but the kitchen sink” to promote job creation and private investment. Conversely, Stokan (2003) claims localities are more selective in how they approach economic development, which implies there should be wide variation in the number of development strategies used across jurisdictions. Based on original survey data from North Carolina cities and counties of all sizes, the findings provide support for both explanations. The data show localities vary considerably with respect to the number of strategies they employ. Notably, variation in strategy use is associated with certain community characteristics including government capacity and development network strength. However, the data also reveal that communities are, on average, utilizing a relatively high number of strategies, lending some credence to Rubin’s theory.
Understanding School Principal Attrition and Mobility Through Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling
Authors: Tekleselassie Abebayehu Aemero , Choi Jaehwa
Published: June 2019

Despite a growing body of turnover literature, much remains unknown about the factors predicting career transitional behaviors of school principals. To bridge this gap, we examined variations in principal, school, and district characteristics influencing administrator leaver and mover behaviors, using Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling. Our findings revealed that class size, support staff, parental involvement, teacher incentives, unionization, and many other district-level policies offset turnover, thereby contributing to retention. Furthermore, predictors of principal mover behavior differed from those of principal leaver behavior, suggesting that different forms of exit paths may need different policy tools to improve retention.
Recent advances in gasoline three-way catalyst formulation: A review
Authors: Rood Shawn , Eslava Salvador , Manigrasso Alexis , Bannister Chris
Published: June 2019

Development of three-way catalyst technology has been critical in maintaining air quality regulations for gasoline engines via the conversion of pollutants from the internal combustion engine exhaust. The development of improved three-way catalyst formulations is an important challenge for automotive industry. Indeed, in order to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations around the world, the development of more efficient catalysts depends on a complete understanding of the many parameters related to three-way catalyst design. In this review paper, some of these parameters are examined in relation to three-way catalyst performance, and especially low-temperature activation performance, with a focus on more recently published work. In particular, washcoat composition, platinum group metal ratios and loading, and substrate design are considered. The effect of these parameters with regard to the conversion efficiency of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides pollutants is summarized.
Effect of periodic wheel tread reprofiling on wheel gauge evolution in the wheelsets of tread-braked coaches: Finite element modeling and field observations
Authors: Vineesh KP , Vakkalagadda MRK , Dev M , Rao BK , Racherla V
Published: June 2019

Field statistics of the wheelsets of gauge-widened coaches in the Indian Railways show higher tendency for excessive wheel gauge widening for lower diameter wheelsets. Additionally, the axial flange deflection in gauge-widened wheelsets increases nearly linearly with the radial distance. In this work, a finite element model is developed to investigate the reasons behind these field observations. The model considers heat generation during braking, heat loss to rail, brake blocks, ambient air, residual stresses generated during wheel manufacturing, and material removal during wheel reprofiling. Wheel gauge evolution is studied for different braking histories, including those that span the entire life period of the wheel, i.e. as the wheel diameter reduces from its initial to minimum allowable size. Simulations show that higher wheel rim temperatures and lower wheel stiffness, for lower diameter wheels, result in higher wheel gauge widening for these wheelsets. Wheel gauge widening occurs primarily due to bending at the hub–disc interface; consequently, the axial flange deflection increases linearly with the radial distance.
Food safety and nutrition for low-income urbanites: exploring a social justice dilemma in consumption policy
Authors: Wertheim-Heck Sigrid , Raneri Jessica Evelyn , Oosterveer Peter
Published: June 2019

Equitable access to healthy food is a critical challenge in urban Asia. Food safety governance promotes modern supermarkets over more traditional markets, but supermarkets are associated with unequal access to food. This study investigates how retail policies driven by food safety impact the diets of the urban poor in Hanoi, Vietnam. We do this by linking food retail infrastructures with the food shopping practices and measured dietary intake of 400 women. Our results reveal sub-optimal dietary diversity and reliance on foods sourced through traditional markets, which do not provide formal food safety guarantees. Modern channels supply formal food safety guarantees, but are mainly frequented for purchasing ultra-processed foods. The paper uncovers a conflicting duality governing food security and suggests that the public responsibility for ensuring access of the poor to nutritious and safe foods requires a more diverse retail policy approach.
Attitude control of inverted pendulums using reaction wheels: Comparison between using one and two actuators
Authors: Trentin João Francisco Silva , Cenale Tiago Peghin , da Silva Samuel , Ribeiro Jean Marcos de Souza
Published: June 2019

The attitude control using reaction wheels as actuators has been one of the most popular ways to stabilize and repel external disturbances in aerospace devices. From the controlled change of the angular momentum rate of change using reaction wheels, it is possible to control the oscillation and direction rates of change of rigid bodies in space. Thus, the main idea of this article is to present a case study with different configurations of the well-known reaction wheel pendulum. The first is based on the classical configuration, and the second, a new one, a pendulum with two reaction wheels. For both configurations, proportional–integral–derivative controllers were designed and experimental devices were built to perform real-time controllers using low-cost hardware. The simulated and experimental results have shown that the pendulums were controlled using a simple controller in the inverted position and the results were satisfactory. Four performance indices were calculated to evaluate the results for each configuration. They showed that the pendulum with two reaction wheels worked better than the pendulum with one reaction wheel. Two actuators made it easier to move and control the pendulum in the inverted position.
A Spatial Analysis of Preventable Hospitalization for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions and Regional Characteristics in South Korea
Authors: Kim Jinkyung , Kang Hye-Young , Lee Kwang-Soo , Min Songhee , Shin Euichul
Published: June 2019

Hospitalization rates for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) can indicate the accessibility of a community’s primary care. We examined regional variation in ACSC hospitalization rates and identified associated factors. ACSC hospitalization rates in the 232 districts in 2013 ranged from 4.08 to 101.53 per 1000 adults. Spatial analysis showed that none of the 24 highest rate districts were located near Seoul, whereas 80% of the 45 lowest rate districts were, suggesting health care inequality between people living near Seoul and in other areas. Regression analysis showed significantly higher ACSC hospitalization rates in districts with higher elderly (β = 0.94) and low-income populations (β = 2.25), more remote areas (β = 0.29), and more hospital beds (β = 0.03). The number of primary care clinics was negatively associated with ACSC hospitalization (β = −1.37). For these variables, geographically weighted regression analysis provided local regression coefficients, useful for developing region-specific strategies to reduce ACSC hospitalization.
Prevalence, Perceived Benefits, and Perceived Barriers Regarding Breast Cancer Screening Among Three Arab American Women Subgroups
Authors: Alatrash Manal
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Mammography screening (MS) has been identified as a valuable tool to decrease mortality rates from breast cancer (BC). Arab American women (AAW) have been recognized as an ethnic group that needs further research to promote their participation in BC screening. This study aims to explore MS rates, and investigate differences in attitudes and beliefs about BC screening in AAW. Method: This comparative, cross-sectional study investigated 316 American Muslim and Christian women from three Arab countries. The Arab Culture-Specific Barriers instrument was employed. Results: The results revealed lower MS rates in AAW compared with national screening rates. Cultural and religious benefits and barriers were identified. Discussion: This study was able to provide a better understanding of AAW beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors regarding BC screening based on their unique ethnic identity and religion. Implications of such findings include increasing efforts to improve MS rates and providing cultural training for health care professionals.
Disagreement Between Hospital Rating Systems: Measuring the Correlation of Multiple Benchmarks and Developing a Quality Composite Rank
Authors: Hota Bala , Webb Thomas , Chatrathi Avanthi , McAninch Elizabeth , Lateef Omar
Published: June 2019

In the United States, hospital rating system usefulness is limited by heterogeneity and conflicting results. US News Best Hospitals, Vizient Quality and Accountability Study, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Star Rating, Leapfrog Hospital Safety Grade, and the Truven Top 100 Hospitals ratings were compared using Spearman correlations. Rank aggregation was used to combine the scores generating a Quality Composite Rank (QCR). The highest correlation between rating systems was shown between the Leapfrog Safety Grade and the CMS Star Rating. In a proportional odds logistic regression, a greater discordance between the CMS Star Rating, Vizient rank, US News, and Leapfrog was associated with a lower overall rank in the QCR. Lack of transparency and understanding about the differences and similarities for these hospital ranking systems complicates use of the measures. By combining the results of these ranking systems into a composite, the measurement of hospital quality can be simplified.
Intersectionality, Linked Fate, and LGBTQ Latinx Political Participation
Authors: Moreau Julie , Nuño-Pérez Stephen , Sanchez Lisa M.
Published: June 2019

This article uses the concepts of intersectionality and linked fate to understand the relationship between group identification and political behavior among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) and non-LGBTQ Latinx individuals. Drawing on the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS), we find that LGBTQ Latinx respondents report feelings of linked fate to both the Latinx and LGBTQ community, and that LGBTQ Latinx respondents exhibit more political participation than their non-LGBTQ Latinx counterparts. We then find that Latinx and LGBTQ linked fate are significant predictors of participation for non-LGBTQ respondents, and LGBTQ linked fate to predict LGBTQ Latinx participation. Finally, we provide evidence that suggests that feeling linked fate toward more than one marginalized group does not necessarily translate into participation in a greater number of political activities, demonstrating the complexity of group identification for predicting political participation. This study contributes to the theorizing of linked fate and political participation by deploying an intersectional lens that challenges assumptions of Latinx and LGBTQ intragroup political coherence and illuminates the complex effects that different kinds of linked fate have on political participation.
Substance Use Patterns Among Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Lee Heeyoung , Yang Kyeongra , Palmer Joshua , Kameg Brayden , Clark Lin , Greene Brian
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Substance use among adolescents remains a major public health concern, which is correlated with mortality. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to (1) examine risk factors predisposing adolescents to substance use and (2) identify patterns of simultaneous drug exploration among adolescents. METHOD: Data ( N = 15,624; collected in 2015) were drawn from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which is a national school-based survey of 9th- to 12th-grade students to monitor health risk behaviors. Substance use was assessed using self-reported questionnaires, and latent class analysis and logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Five latent patterns of substance use were identified: (1) abstinent (64%); (2) 1st-step social experimenter (25%) (i.e., used alcohol, e-cigarettes, and/or marijuana); (3) 2nd-step social experimenter (6%) (i.e., used alcohol, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, marijuana, synthetic marijuana, and/or prescription pills); (4) pill experimenter (4%), (i.e., used prescription pills); (5) full experimenter (2%) (i.e., likely to use all assessed substances). Gender, race, grade, and depressive mood were strong predictors of membership in a particular substance use class. CONCLUSION: Adolescents presenting for care may possess symptoms associated with various substances beyond those being managed. Mental health nurses can leverage these results in reducing adolescent substance use through primary and secondary prevention. A longitudinal study of not only substance use patterns but also the progression to substance use disorders among adolescents is warranted.
Homogenized elastic response of random fiber networks based on strain gradient continuum models
Authors: Berkache Kamel , Deogekar Sai , Goda Ibrahim , Picu R Catalin , Ganghoffer Jean-François
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this work is to develop anisotropic strain gradient linear elastic continuum models for two-dimensional random fiber networks. The constitutive moduli of the strain gradient equivalent continuum are assessed based on the response of the explicit network representation in so-called windows of analysis, in which each fiber is modeled as a beam and the fibers are connected at crossing points with welded joints. The principle of strain energy equivalence based on the extension to the strain gradient of the Hill–Mandel macro homogeneity condition is employed to identify the classical and strain gradient moduli, based on the application of a sequential set of polynomial displacements on windows of analysis of different sizes. The scaling of the first- and second-order moduli with network parameters, such as network density and the ratio of fiber bending to axial stiffness, is determined. We observe a similar dependency of classical and strain gradient moduli on the same network parameters. The internal length scales associated with the gradient coefficients of the constitutive equation are also defined in terms of the network parameters. The strain gradient moduli prove to be size-independent in the affine regime, and they converge toward a size-independent value in the non-affine deformation regime after a rescaling of physical dimensions by the window size. The obtained results show that the strain gradient moduli scale uniformly with the square of the magnitude of the strain gradients applied to the window of analysis.
Genital Ulcer Disease: A Review of Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
Authors: Maliyar Khalad , Mufti Asfandyar , Syed Maleeha , Selk Amanda , Dutil Maha , Bunce Paul E. , Alavi Afsaneh
Published: June 2019

Genital ulcer disease can be caused by a wide variety of sources. Most commonly, genital ulcer disease is grouped into infectious and noninfectious causes. HSV, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum, and chancroid represent some common infectious ulcers. Noninfectious causes on the other hand can be inflammatory, noninflammatory, or malignant (eg, squamous cell carcinoma). Depending on the etiology, genital ulcers may present with unique features that can help clinicians identify the etiology and start treatment in a timely manner. The clinical presentation and management of infectious and noninfectious genital ulcers will be discussed in this review.
Listen to the tastemakers: Building an urban arts high school music curriculum
Authors: Gage Nathan , Low Bronwen , Reyes Francisco Luis
Published: June 2019

In partnership with academics from McGill University and community arts partners, a high school in Montreal faced with significant challenges became an “urban arts school,” offering music and visual art programs centered in youth culture, as well as integrating arts into several academic subjects. The initiative was inspired by the school’s popular extra-curricular activities, which included a Hip Hop literacy club that ran beat making and rap writing workshops. Considering the popularity of these activities, the school decided to offer a music education program focused on musical skills through real-life music making activities that resemble those employed by popular musicians. This article chronicles the development of this music education program from the perspective of the music teacher, including the experience of continual adaptation to the needs and interests of students. The program is one of the first to combine Musical Futures, an approach to music education that promotes the combination of non-formal music teaching, informal music learning, and students’ interest in a formal school setting, with Hip Hop Based Music Education, predominantly located in community settings. This case study showed that students benefited from having an open-minded and committed educator with experience in popular musics. The co-teaching by professional Hip Hop artists also supported student progress and engagement by adding authenticity to the music making process. Furthermore, the alignment of the music program with the general school ethos contributed to its success. The paper also highlights the need to balance the development of musical skills with student engagement, and the informal music learning philosophy of Musical Futures with direct instruction associated with formal school settings.
Choral conducting competences: Perceptions and priorities
Authors: Jansson Dag , Elstad Beate , Døving Erik
Published: June 2019

Choral conducting is a complex and multi-faceted leader role. Leading music is a particular kind of leadership through the prominence of gestural communication, and it is a ubiquitous phenomenon across a variety of social settings, musical genres, and ensemble types. Despite the variety, colloquial writing as well as academic research implicitly assumes that there is a common underlying competence base. Most research on conducting looks at a particular aspect, such as gestures, error correction, or rehearsing approach. What is largely wanting, is an overall view of how the competence elements come together and their relative importance. This article is an exploratory study of 17 competence elements, viewed by conductors in the context of their own practice. The study is based on a survey of 294 choral conductors across Norway, with a wide spread in terms of formal education, experience and working situation. The study supports previous research by how the role of conducting gesture takes a seemingly contradictory position; emblematic of the role, but still scores low in terms of importance. Our analysis shows that the views on key competence elements, such as gestural skills, vary with contextual factors, whereas other elements, such as error detection and rehearsal organisation, do not. The two contextual factors that explain most variation for several competence elements are the length of the conductor’s experience and the level (amateur/professional) of the conductor’s choirs. Conductors’ views on the importance of each competence element are closely related to their own competence level for the same element. This suggests that the prominence that competence elements are given in conducting practice is highly adaptable, as conductors cope with the situation at hand. Although an academic degree in conducting has an impact on how conductors view the various competence elements, practice and experience seem to rule over education.
Effects of groove orientation on transmission characteristics of hydro-viscous film in the parallel-disk system
Authors: Gong Huasheng , Xie Haibo , Hu Liang , Yang Huayong
Published: July 2019

The disk groove can greatly influence the hydrodynamic behaviors of the rotating film, especially on the cooling performance and the transmission efficiency. In the present work, the effects of groove orientation on the hydro-viscous transmission of the parallel-disk system are investigated. The Reynolds equation and thermal equation, considering tangential Coriolis effect and temperature–viscosity dependency, are derived and solved. The effects of the groove orientation on the shear stress, load-carrying capacity, viscous torque, and transmission efficiency are analyzed. The results reveal that the Coriolis resisting torque can be restrained but the load-carrying capacity declines if the groove orientation is consistent with the rotating direction, and the variation of the transmission efficiency can even be inverted at the turning point of the groove orientation. Therefore, the effects of groove orientation must be paid more attention in the hydro-viscous transmission.
Metajournalistic discourse on the rise of gaming journalism
Authors: Perreault Gregory , Vos Tim
Published: June 2019

Gaming journalism, which finds its origins in public relations-oriented gaming magazines, discursively attached itself to traditional journalism in the wake of the 2014 GamerGate controversy. Yet it had remained unclear where gaming journalism fits within the ecology of journalism. This study examines metajournalistic discourse regarding gaming journalism from 2010 to 2018 and analyzes 53 articles about gaming journalism from that period in order to understand how the broader journalistic field conceptualized gaming journalism’s place within it. This study argues that gaming journalism is discursively marked as a lower, marginal form of journalism based on perceived differences in professional values and journalistic savviness.
Signs of understanding and turns-as-actions: a multimodal analysis of deaf–hearing interaction
Authors: Adami Elisabetta , Swanwick Ruth
Published: June 2019

This article examines the interaction between deaf and hearing interlocutors in order to demonstrate how understanding (and misunderstanding) can be expressed and inspected through the situated use of multimodal resources. In this communicative situation, participants have asymmetrical experiences of being deaf and being hearing, and ‘codified’ (either speech or sign-language) resources are little shared among participants. The multimodal analysis of an interactional sequence between a young deaf child, her deaf friend and her hearing mother demonstrates ways in which participants use semiotic resources to take, execute and give turns in the presence of sensory asymmetries. The organization of turn taking in this sequence provides insights into the ways in which understanding (or lack of it) can be demonstrated, monitored and co-constructed by participants throughout the interaction. The findings demonstrate that turns offer a useful point of analysis for the recognition and inspection of signs of understanding in the context of sensory asymmetries but there needs to be a qualitative orientation to assessing this. This contribution to the research on situated multimodal sign-making underlines the need for the development of multimodal frameworks that can account for, and effectively document, situated meaning-making beyond ‘codified/linguistic’ resources.
Principles, practices and disciplinary power struggles in political theory
Authors: Prinz Janosch
Published: June 2019

The Practical Turn in Political Theory sounds like the monograph political theorists have been waiting for – a monograph that identifies ‘practices’ as a uniting theme that runs through several recently influential debates on non-ideal theory, practice dependence, realism and pragmatist theories of legitimacy and democracy, and then discusses the promise and limits of this uniting theme for the future of political theory. However, The Practical Turn is driven by selective portrayals, omissions and misrepresentation, and hence is not a good source to turn to for understanding the debates it surveys or whether they manifest a ‘practical turn in political theory’ or not; rather, it serves as a warning of how struggles over power can influence and even structure seemingly the most purely intentioned of practices.
Experimental study on effect of side-mooring lines on dynamics of a catenary moored semi-submersible system
Authors: Xu Sheng , Ji Chun-yan , Guedes Soares C
Published: June 2019

In this article, a novel mooring system with side-mooring lines is proposed for a traditional shape semi-submersible platform with four columns. To obtain the dynamics of moored system, model tests were carried out at a wave basin, including free-decay model tests, white noise model tests and irregular model tests. The natural periods in heave, roll and pitch models were measured and compared with numerical results. The motion response amplitude operators under 90° and 135° waves were obtained from white noise model tests and then compared with numerical simulations. A 100-year sea state in South China Sea was simulated in the wave basin by the JONSWAP spectrum, and the 6-degree-of-freedom motion responses of semi-submersible and mooring tensions were recorded in beam and quartering seas. The effects of the side-mooring lines on the floating platform motion response, mooring tensions and mooring fatigue damage are evaluated by comparing the results with and without side-mooring lines installed.
Implementation Research as Applied Science: Bridging the Research to Practice Gap
Authors: Livingood William C. , Bilello Lori , Lukens-Bull Katryne , Smotherman Carmen , Choe Ulyee
Published: June 2019

Implementation research is intended to address challenges posed by the slow adoption of evidence-based science by the medical and health promotion practice community. A case study approach is used to illustrate and discuss the use of Quality improvement and Evaluation as an applied approach to implementation science in contrast of more classic purposes of research. Quality improvement was the implementation model used to facilitate organizational change needed to adopt the use of texting to report sexually transmitted infection test results in over a fifth of Florida’s larger county health departments. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate implementation. All seven participating county health departments were successful in enrolling clients in texting with extensive variation (24% to 72%) in texting enrollment at the end of the 10-month study. Statistically significant outcomes for those enrolled in texting were recorded through Florida’s online sexually transmitted infection reporting system in the form of increased number of people receiving early (1-4 days) treatment and reductions in delayed (≥8 days) or no treatment. This study illustrates an applied approach to implementation research which may be critical to adapt emerging evidence and technologies to the multiple and complex characteristics of the diverse populations served by health promotion institutions.
Biomechanical evaluation of an independent acromioclavicular ligament repair for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction
Authors: Ibrahim Daniel K , Lam Patrick H , Aveledo Anzola Ricardo J , Murrell George AC
Published: June 2019

Background

A number of surgical techniques for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint separations have been described; however, few have been able to create a strong intra-operative construct that provides minimal joint translation. A biomechanical study was conducted to examine joint translation in an independent acromioclavicular ligament repair.

Methods

Three variations of a novel independent acromioclavicular ligament repair technique underwent testing using a Sawbones model. The technique involves threading sutures through two acromial bone tunnels in a suture-bridge configuration and anchoring them into the distal clavicle. Three groups of eight specimens underwent reconstruction; group 1 using FiberTape, group 2 using FiberWire and group 3 using FiberTape in a modified (under-over) suture-bridge configuration. Superior, anterior and posterior translation was tested at loads of 10, 20 and 30 N.

Results

Group 3 repair yielded the least translation in both anterior–posterior and superior–inferior planes, with a two-fold decrease in superior translation compared to groups 1 and 2 (P < .05). Both groups 1 and 3 using FiberTape resulted in significantly less anterior and posterior translation compared to the FiberWire group (P < .05).

Discussion

The independent acromioclavicular ligament repair, without repair of the coracoclavicular ligament, demonstrated significant translational stability in the anterior–posterior and superior–inferior planes.
Third-line systemic treatment in advanced/metastatic gastric cancer: a comprehensive review
Authors: Chan Wing-lok , Lam Ka-on , So Tsz-him , Lee Victor Ho-fun , Kwong Lai-wan Dora
Published: June 2019

The management of advanced gastric cancer has improved over the past decade. There is more evidence to support the efficacy of systemic treatment in refractory gastric cancer beyond second-line treatment. Important randomized controlled trials of chemotherapies, targeted agents and immunotherapies have been reported. With the development of these novel therapies, clinicians can better individualize treatment for patients beyond progression on second-line therapy. However, there is no guideline on third-line therapy available for clinicians. This review discussed the efficacy and safety data from the pivotal trials of the agents proven to be effective in third-line settings, including the quality of study design, level of evidence and subgroup analysis, and how the data can help to guide clinicians on selecting the most appropriate third-line therapy for their patients.
The Position of the Popliteal Artery and Peroneal Nerve Relative to the Menisci in Children: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Shea Kevin G. , Dingel Aleksei B. , Styhl Alexandra , Richmond Connor G. , Cannamela Peter C. , Anderson Allen F. , Ganley Theodore J. , Hill Andrew , Yen Yi-Meng
Published: June 2019

Background:

Meniscal injury in skeletally immature patients is increasingly reported. During meniscal repair, all-inside devices may protrude beyond the posterior limits of the meniscus, putting the neurovascular structures at risk.

Purpose:

The purposes of this study were (1) to examine the relationship between the popliteal artery and the posterolateral and posteromedial aspects of the menisci, (2) to examine the relationship of the peroneal nerve to the posterolateral meniscus, and (3) to develop recommendations for avoiding neurovascular injury during posterior meniscal repair in pediatric patients.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

A total of 26 skeletally immature knee cadaveric specimens (7 females and 19 males) were included. Specimens were divided into age groups: 2-4, 5-8, and 9-11 years. The most posterior extent of the lateral and medial menisci was identified via sagittal and axial views on computed tomography (CT) scans. The shortest distance from the most posterior aspect of the lateral and medial menisci to the popliteal artery and the shortest distance from the posterior aspect of the lateral menisci to the anterior rim of the peroneal nerve were measured, and 3-dimensional models of representative specimens were re-created through use of CT scans.

Results:

For the age groups 2-4, 5-8, and 9-11 years, the mean minimum distance from the posterolateral meniscus to the popliteal artery was 5.2, 6.7, and 8.2 mm, respectively, and the mean minimum distance from the posteromedial meniscus to the popliteal artery was 12.7, 15.4, and 20.3 mm, respectively. In all groups, the distance between the posteromedial meniscus and the popliteal artery was greater than that between the posterolateral meniscus and the popliteal artery. The mean distance from the peroneal nerve to the lateral meniscus was 13.3, 15.0, and 17.9 mm for the respective groups.

Conclusion:

Many all-inside meniscal repair devices have sharp tips that penetrate posterior to the meniscus and capsule. This study demonstrated that the distance between the posterior meniscus and popliteal artery is relatively small in pediatric patients, especially for the lateral meniscus region.

Clinical Relevance:

Because of the higher potential for meniscal healing, meniscal repair is more likely to be performed in pediatric patients. The data in this study regarding the proximity of the lateral meniscus and neurovascular structures may be used to guide safe surgical repair of posterior meniscal tears during the use of all-inside meniscal repair devices in these patients.
Has the Quality of Patient–Provider Communication About Survivorship Care Improved?
Authors: Rai Ashish , Chawla Neetu , Han Xuesong , Rim Sun Hee , Smith Tenbroeck , de Moor Janet , Yabroff Karen R.
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE:

The aim of the current study was to assess whether the quality of patient–provider communication on key elements of cancer survivorship care changed between 2011 and 2016.

METHODS:

Participating survivors completed the 2011 or 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Experiences with Cancer Surveys (N = 2,266). Participants reported whether any clinician ever discussed different aspects of survivorship care. Responses ranged from “Did not discuss at all” to “Discussed it with me in detail”. Distributions of responses were compared among all respondents and only among those who had received cancer-directed treatment within 3 years of the survey.

RESULTS:

In 2011, the percentage of survivors who did not receive detailed instructions on follow-up care, late or long-term adverse effects, lifestyle recommendations, and emotional or social needs were 35.1% (95% CI, 31.9% to 38.4%), 54.2% (95% CI, 50.7% to 57.6%), 58.9% (95% CI, 55.3% to 62.5%), and 69.2% (95% CI, 65.9% to 72.3%), respectively, and the corresponding proportions for 2016 were 35.4% (95% CI, 31.9% to 37.8%), 55.5% (95% CI, 51.7% to 59.3%), 57.8% (95% CI, 54.2% to 61.2%), and 68.2% (95% CI, 64.3% to 71.8%), respectively. Findings were similar among recently treated respondents. Only 24% in 2011 and 22% in 2016 reported having detailed discussions about all four topics. In 2016, 47.6% of patients (95% CI, 43.8% to 51.4%) reported not having detailed discussions with their providers about a summary of their cancer treatments.

CONCLUSION:

Clear gaps in the quality of communication between survivors of cancer and providers persist. Our results highlight the need for continued efforts to improve communication between survivors of cancer and providers, including targeted interventions in key survivorship care areas.
Understanding diversity in oxidative status and oxidative stress: the opportunities and challenges ahead
Authors: Costantini David
Published: July 2019

Oxidative stress may be of profound biological relevance. In this Commentary, I discuss some key issues faced by the emerging field of oxidative stress ecology, and seek to provide interpretations and solutions. First, I show that the way in which we define oxidative stress has far-reaching implications for the interpretation of results, and that we need to distinguish between (1) a biochemical definition in terms of the molecular outcomes of oxidative stress (e.g. generation of oxidative damage) and (2) a biological definition in terms of the fitness consequences for the organism (e.g. effects on fertility). Second, I discuss the dangers of comparing different tissues and markers. Third, I highlight the need to pay more attention to the cross-talk between oxidative stress and other important physiological costs and functions; this will allow us to better understand the mechanistic basis of fitness costs. Fourth, I propose the ‘redox signalling hypothesis’ of life history to complement the current ‘oxidative stress hypothesis’ of life history. The latter states that oxidative damage underlies trade-offs because it affects traits like growth, reproduction or cell senescence. By contrast, the redox signalling hypothesis states that a trade-off between signalling and biochemical oxidative stress underlies the regulation of reactive oxygen species production and their subsequent control. Finally, I critically appraise our current knowledge of oxidative stress ecology, highlighting key research themes and providing an optimistic overview of future opportunities for the discipline to yield considerable insight into the ecological and evolutionary meaning of oxidative stress.
Deep inspiration breath-hold intensity modulated radiation therapy in a large clinical series of 239 left-sided breast cancer patients: a dosimetric analysis of organs at risk doses and clinical feasibility from a single center experience
Authors: Testolin Alessandro , Ciccarelli Stefano , Vidano Giulia , Avitabile Rossella , Dusi Francesca , Alongi Filippo
Published: July 2019

Objective:

To evaluate dose to organs at risk, target coverage and treatment compliance in left-sided breast cancer patients (LSBCP) treated with deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique in a contest of daily clinical practice.

Methods:

A total of 280 consecutive LSBCP referred for adjuvant radiotherapy were systematically screened for suitability of DIBH technique. 239 were able to comply with the requirement for DIBH. Whole breast or chest wall were irradiated in DIBH, monitored by Varian RPM™ Respiratory Gating System, and two tangential inverse-planned beams with dynamic dose delivery. Dose prescription was 42.4 Gy/16 fractions in 205 patients and 50 Gy/25 fractions in 34. 23 patients received local and nodal treatment. Boost to tumor bed, of 10 Gy/5 fractions was used in 135 patients. Relevant dose metrics for heart, left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, lungs, contralateral breast and planning target volume were retrospectively analyzed.

Results:

The average mean heart dose (MHD) for all patients was 0.94 Gy and mean maximum LAD dose was 13.82 Gy. MHD and LAD maximum dose were significantly higher in patients treated with conventional fractionation whether expressed in absolute dose (1.44 vs 0.85 Gy, p < 0.0005 and 20.78 vs 12.45 Gy, p < 0.0005 respectively) or in equivalent doses of 2 Gy fractionation (0.88 vs 0.52 Gy, p =< 0.0005 and 17.68 vs 10.63 Gy, p = 0.0002 respectively). In 57 patients (23.8%) the maximum LAD dose was >20 Gy. Mean V20 ipsilateral lung dose was 8.5%. Mean doses of contralateral breast and lung were 0.13 Gy and 0.09 Gy respectively. Mean planning target volume V95% coverage was 96.1%. Compliance rate of DIBH technique was 84.5% (239/280).

Conclusion:

DIBH and IMRT in daily clinical practice are feasible in high percentage of unselected patients and allows low levels of irradiation of organs at risk without compromising target coverage. However, despite low MHD a significant proportion of patients receives a maximum LAD dose superior to 20 Gy.

Advances in knowledge:

The value of MHD used exclusively is not able to describe entirely the risk of late heart toxicity, which can be better evaluated with the joint analysis of the maximum dose to LAD region. The vast majority of LSBCP referred to adjuvant radiotherapy in the setting of routine practice are able to comply with the requirement of DIBH.