bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTUDO DOS CASOS DE ÓBITOS POR DIABETES MELLITUS NA CAPITAL PIAUIENSE, NOS ANOS DE 2013 A 2021.
Authors: Brito Ana Paula Sobrinho , Barradas Jéssica Lima , Carvalho Lícia Viana Airemorais , Verde Nágilla Ferraz Lima , Kalume Franklin Carvalho , Soares Brenda Rayanne Alves , Teixeira Yan Lucas Piauilino Benvindo , Silva Maria Keury Araújo da , Cantinho Klégea Maria Câncio Ramos , Freitas Joana Elisabeth de Sousa Martins
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Brazil occupies fifth place in the world ranking with 16.8 million people with diabetes, with a prospect of 21.5 and 26 million in 2030 and 2045, respectively. The general objective of the study was to analyze the profile of deaths due to Diabetes Mellitus in TeresinaPI, from 2013 to 2021. It was an epidemiological, documentary and quantitative research, of a descriptive and retrospective nature, where the scenario of Data collection was the DATASUS database, in the Mortality Information System (SIM). In the period analyzed, 2,681 cases of deaths resulting from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) were reported in the city of Teresina – PI, presenting an annual average of cases of 297.88 with a higher number of cases in 2019, 323 (12%), followed by 2016, with 310 (11.6%) cases. The profile of these deaths predominated in women (52%), aged 75 years and over, which corresponds to 42.15% of cases, with emphasis on those who had no education (26.93%) and 1 to 3 years (27.04%) of education, and mixed race (72.40%). It was possible to identify that 70.12% of deaths occurred in a hospital environment and 26.97% at home, indicating strengthening of the referral and counter-referral system at health care levels. Therefore, the clinical and epidemiological profile of mortality due to DM in the city of Teresina – PI, in the period analyzed, was of individuals aged over 75 years, with less than three years of education, female and mixed race, with deaths being more prevalent in the hospital environment. Therefore, DM is a chronic condition that can be avoided. To this end, the strengthening of health promotion actions in primary care by health teams is highlighted. It is noteworthy that DM is a known disease, but the population has doubts regarding the disease, especially the elderly population. Furthermore, most people with DM have difficulty adhering to treatment to avoid complications of the disease, justifying the high rates of morbidity and mortality.
AVALIAÇÃO DO TRATAMENTO E PREVALÊNCIA DA OBESIDADE: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA.
Authors: Pinheiro Halanna De Araújo Bezerra , Queiroz Odilo Emmanuel Sousa , Lira Aécio Lopes de Araújo
Published: January 2025

INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade é um problema de saúde pública que cresce globalmente, além disso está associada com um crescente número de doenças crônicas.  Assim, o tratamento para obesidade tem sido adotado como maneira para reduzir o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) do indivíduo bem como melhorar a composição corporal e reduzir os fatores de risco para o doenças crônicas desde que em conjunto com mudanças no estilo de vida. Dessa maneira, este estudo visa avaliar a melhor forma de condução de um indivíduo com obesidade que chega ao ambulatório e o seu tratamento. OBJETIVO: Este estudo objetiva avaliar o tratamento adotado em individuos com obesidade bem como investigar a eficácia e segurança. REVISAO DA LITERATURA:  A obesidade, doença crônica e multifatorial, apresenta alta prevalência no Brasil, afetando 25,9% da população adulta em 2019.  Seu tratamento requer abordagem multidisciplinar, incluindo mudanças no estilo de vida e, quando necessário, medicamentos (como sibutramina, orlistate e liraglutida) ou cirurgia. O aumento da obesidade está associado a doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes tipo 2. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação do tratamento e prevalência da obesidade revelou que a obesidade continua sendo um desafio significativo para a saúde pública. A prevalência da obesidade permanece alta, e o tratamento deve ser personalizado e multidisciplinar. É fundamental implementar estratégias preventivas e intervencionistas para controlar essa epidemia, melhorando a qualidade de vida e reduzindo os riscos associados.
DESAFIOS ENFRENTADOS PELO PROFESSOR E ALUNOS DO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO NA ESCOLA RIBEIRINHA CAPITEUA DE CARAPAJÓ
Authors: Ferreira Maria Concilena de Assunção , Bastos Jaqueline Mendes
Published: January 2025

A pesquisa “Desafios enfrentados pelo professor e alunos no atendimento educacional especializado na escola ribeirinha Capiteua de Carapajó” visa analisar os obstáculos que professores e estudantes enfrentam durante o processo de atendimento educacional especializado em uma escola situada numa comunidade ribeirinha da Amazônia. O estudo discute a situação da Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil e Fundamental (EMEIF) Capiteua de Carapajó, levando em conta as características regionais, tais como o isolamento geográfico, as restrições de recursos e a variedade cultural. Investigaram-se os principais obstáculos que os educadores encontram ao adaptar o currículo e auxiliar estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais, além das condições de infraestrutura e capacitação profissional. O estudo mostrou que, mesmo com as restrições, os docentes criam estratégias inovadoras e contextualizadas para atender aos estudantes. No entanto, encontram obstáculos devido à escassez de recursos apropriados, capacitação contínua e suporte especializado. A investigação também enfatiza a relevância da cooperação entre a instituição educacional, a comunidade e os profissionais de suporte para fomentar um ambiente de ensino mais inclusivo e eficiente.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: RELATOS E EXPERIÊNCIAS NA EMEIF. NOSSA SENHORA DA CONCEIÇÃO DO DISTRITO DE TORRES DO CUPIJÓ.
Authors: Freitas Liduina da Silva , Bastos Jaqueline Mendes
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo vem abordar a temática Educação Ambiental: relatos e experiências na EMEIF. Nossa Senhora da Conceição do Distrito de Torres do Cupijó. Cametá / PA, através de estudo realizado buscando compreender o processo de inserção da educação ambiental no contexto escolar no local descrito. O estudo em questão, aborda relatos e experiências relacionadas a Educação Ambiental, como a temática se faz presente na escola e de que forma é trabalhada pelos professores, partindo do contexto sociocultural em que os alunos se inserem. Diante disso, tomarei como objetivos: Analisar o contexto local dos alunos e professores, levando em consideração as práticas pedagógicas dos professores em sala de aula os costumes do cotidiano; verificando como ocorrem as práticas pedagógicas na escola com professores 6° ao 9° anos que trabalham nas diferentes disciplinas. Ressaltando: Portanto o presente artigo também vem fazer uma breve abordagem nos seguintes aspectos: práticas pedagógicas, contexto da escola, esturra da escola, experiência de docência, característica da população, situação socioeconômica dos pais, função social da escola e concepção de conhecimento e ensino de aprendizagem, filosofia da escola.
Machine Learning in Diabetes Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sahu Shivani , Boaddh Jayshree , Singh Pawar Vijay
Published: January 2025

Diabetes is a long-term condition that affects people all around the world. This review article looks at how machine learning might help find cases of diabetes earlier. The paper emphasises the efficacy of machine learning models in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and reliability by analysing several models, such as ensemble techniques, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Gradient Boosting. Problems with data quality, making the models interpretable, and incorporating machine learning into clinical processes are some of the obstacles discussed in the article. Patient confidentiality and the possibility of prejudiced forecasts are among the ethical issues covered in the study. Machine learning might provide more accessible, efficient, and accurate ways to identify diabetes, according to the results, despite these obstacles. Ultimately, the paper stresses that in order to effectively use machine learning's advantages in healthcare, there must be continuous research, cooperation, and a thorough examination of practical and ethical concerns.
Combining SVM and Gradient Boosting for Enhanced Accuracy in Diabetes Diagnosis
Authors: Sahu Shivani , Boaddh Jayshree , Deshbhratar Meena
Published: January 2025

To improve prediction accuracy, this work introduces a voting ensemble model that combines Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Gradient Boosting to enable early identification of diabetes. For the first round of testing, we used 89.4–98.0% accuracy with more conventional machine learning models like Decision Tree, Random Forest, and K-Nearest Neighbours. The intricacies of diabetes risk assessment in its early stages, however, were beyond the capabilities of these models. With an impressive 99.0% accuracy, the suggested ensemble model proved to be a powerful tool for combining the best features of SVM and Gradient Boosting. Compared to other models in the literature, our ensemble technique is more effective in detecting diabetes at an early stage. The research emphasises the significance of using sophisticated machine learning methods to improve clinical outcomes. These approaches may help diagnose issues associated to diabetes more quickly and accurately, which might reduce the burden on patients.
Examine the Heat Transfer Characteristics in Car Radiator Utilizing the Water/Anti-Freezing and Al2O3/Cuo/Tio2 Based Nanofluid as Coolant
Authors: Khare Rohit , Tyagi Dharmendra
Published: January 2025

Automobile radiators have been using traditional heat transfer fluids like water and motor oil for a long time. However, there is an increasing demand for improved heat transfer fluids in order to greatly increase the system's thermal performance. Traditional fluids often suffer from low thermal conductivities, and the flat tube's limited surface area hinders the enhancement of heat transfer. Improving heat transmission between the radiator and coolant is primarily intended to increase the cooling capability of car engines, guaranteeing peak performance and averting malfunctions. This study investigates two methods to achieve this goal. The first method focuses on modifying the radiator’s flat tube design by altering the fin configuration. One design incorporates 34 continuous louvered fins, while the other uses 46 continuous louvered fins with a U-shaped configuration. In order to improve heat transmission, the second technique adds solid particles that are nanoscale in size to the base fluid. Three nanoparticles—Al₂O₃, CuO, and TiO₂—are used at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.15%, and 0.3%. By combining these modified designs with various nanoparticle concentrations, a total of 10 cases were analyzed. Throughout the investigation, the flat tube's coolant's intake velocity remained constant. ANSYS Fluent 23.2 was used to assess the heat transfer properties, taking into account variables including velocity distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop, and heat transfer rate. The coolant containing 0.3% TiO₂ nanoparticles had the greatest heat transfer capability, surpassing all other examples examined. Its outlet temperature was 360.53 K, and its heat transfer rate was 76.73 W.Keyword: Diabetes detection, machine learning, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosting, voting ensemble, early diagnosis.
Evaluating The Effectiveness of Police Responses to The Crimes Against Women And Children: Challenges and Best Practices With Special Reference to Sagar District
Authors: Hussain Khan Sharique , Nain Singh Rajeev
Published: January 2025

The “primary purpose of this research” is to evaluate the effectiveness of police responses to crimes against women and children, specifically assessing the impact of legal requirements, institutional challenges, police training, legal awareness, and proposed legal reforms. The study investigates whether police practices align with legal standards, the influence of institutional challenges on police performance, and the relationship between legal training and compliance with protective laws. It also explores the role of legal awareness among victims and the potential impact of legal reforms on enhancing police responses. The research concludes that significant gaps exist between legal standards and police practices, which hinder the effective response to “crimes against women and children” in Sagar district. The study highlights the importance of addressing institutional challenges, enhancing police training, and increasing legal awareness among both law enforcement personnel and the public. Additionally, the study emphasizes the potential for legal reforms to improve the police response system and ensure better protection for women and children. The findings suggest that a multifaceted approach, including policy changes, enhanced training, and greater community involvement, is essential for improving the overall effectiveness of police responses to these crimes.
Digital Marketing Strategies for Small Businesses
Authors: Kanojia Komal , Rathore Tanuja
Published: January 2025

Digitalization has transformed business operations, prompting startups to develop innovative services that help customers enhance their businesses. However, the rise of technology and customer awareness necessitates that firms understand customer expectations before creating value. This study highlights the pivotal role of digital marketing in driving small business effectiveness and digital transformation, leading to stronger economic outcomes and expanded market presence. Engaging customers on digital channels enables businesses to understand preferences, create better experiences, and adopt smarter selling practices. Digital marketing is recognized as an effective tool for acquiring, sustaining, and building customer relationships, with platforms such as websites, industry-specific outlets, and forums being particularly beneficial for startups. The study concludes that dynamic environmental factors do not moderate the relationship between digital marketing strategies and small business performance, underscoring the importance of strategic utilization by entrepreneurs to achieve growth and success.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN VAPESTORE BRAND REFRE5H DI MALL KOTA KASABLANKA MELALUI PENDEKATAN SWOT
Authors: Hendra Saputra Dwi , Widodo Sugeng
Published: January 2025

Vapestore Brand REFRE5H, located in Mall Kota Kasablanka, is one of the vape stores trying to compete in the increasingly competitive market by introducing new products and flavor variants. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach and SWOT analysis to determine effective marketing strategies for REFRE5H. Based on the research, it is concluded that the strategy based on the SWOT matrix, Strength-Opportunity (SO) Strategies, Building Relationships and Networks, maximizing the privilege as a large company in building relationships, and comprehensive marketing strategies to increase visibility and market penetration.  Then Weakness-Opportunity (WO) Strategies, innovation and capacity improvement, focus on new flavor innovations and product capacity enhancement to address weaknesses and capitalize on existing market opportunities. Next, Strength-Threat (ST) Strategies, maintain distinctive features and affordable prices, preserve the uniqueness of REFRE5H products with Indonesian flavor variants while ensuring competitive prices to counter threats from competition and market trend changes. Therefore, Strengths-Weaknesses (SW) Strategies, REFRE5H needs to innovate new flavors and enhance product capacity so that it can be used longer by consumers. And Weakness-Threat (WT) Strategies, comprehensive promotion strategies formulate comprehensive promotion strategies to address threats from competition and market trend changes. Improve product promotion capabilities both online and offline to maintain market share. By leveraging strengths and opportunities while overcoming weaknesses and threats, REFRE5H can strengthen its position in the market and continue to grow successfully. This research not only fulfills the requirements of an academic assignment but also provides recommendations for business actors in the vape industry, particularly for the Vapestore Brand REFRE5H at Mall Kota Kasablanka
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT SREEYA SEWU INDONESIA UNIT RPAPARUNG BOGOR
Authors: Bagus Mochamad Bagus Ramadhan , Septia Rahman Ana
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aims to determine the influence of work motivation and leadership on employee performance at PT Sreeya Sewu Indonesia RPA Unit. The type of research used is quantitative research. The population in this study was employees of PT Sreeya Sewu Indonesia RPA Unit, totaling 150 people. Data analysis techniques in this research are using validity tests, reliability tests, normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, autocorrelation tests, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient analysis, and hypothesis testing via the T test and F test. Based on partial analysis results The independent variable Work Motivation (X1) has a significant effect on the dependent variable Employee Performance (Y) at PT Sreeya Sewu Indonesia RPA Unit. This can be seen from the results of partial hypothesis testing (t test) where the calculated t value > t table (11.348 > 1.984) is obtained. This is also confirmed by the results of the significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, thus Ho1 is rejected and Ha1 is accepted. Based on the partial analysis results, the independent variable Leadership (X2) has a significant effect on the dependent variable Employee Performance (Y) at at PT Sreeya Sewu Indonesia RPA Unit. This can be seen from the results of partial hypothesis testing (t test) where the calculated t value > t table (7.856 > 1.984) is obtained. This is also confirmed by the results of the significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, thus Ho2 is rejected and Ha2 is accepted. Based on the partial analysis results, the independent variables Work Motivation (X1) and Leadership (X2) have a significant effect on the dependent variable Employee Performance (Y) at PT Sreeya Sewu Indonesia RPA Unit. This can be seen from the results of simultaneous hypothesis testing (f test) where the calculated f value > f table (72.177 > 3.090) is obtained. This is also confirmed by the results of the significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, thus Ho3 is rejected and Ha3 is accepted.
Keywords: Work Motivation, Leadership, Employee Performance
Hypothalamic Mechanisms of Vegetative Function Homeostasis
Authors: E.I. Bon , N.Ye. Maksimovich , D.A. Betenya , A.I Yasyukevich , N.I. Otlivanchik
Published: January 2025

Hypothalamic mechanisms of homeostatic reactions provide regulation of such vital physiological constants as osmotic pressure, ionic balance, humoral and hormonal activity of blood, sugar content and concentration of gases in blood, blood pressure, body temperature and etc. Numerous neurophysiological research are devoted to the study of the role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, respiration, digestion, endocrine system, in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness, emotional and motivational reactions, metabolism, thermoregulation, etc. The hypothalamic area is the highest subcortical center of integration of autonomic, emotional and motor components of complex reactions of adaptive behavior, the main central mechanism of homeostasis of the internal environment of the body, sympathetic and parasympathetic tone, ergotropic and trophotropic states of adaptive behavior.
CORRELATION STUDY BETWEEN SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN HOTELS OMACASA IN BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Ramadani Rizki , Andi Azhar
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze the correlation between service quality and customer loyalty at the Oma Casa Hotel, Bengkulu City. Service quality is measured based on five main dimensions, namely reliability, responsiveness, guarantee, empathy, and physical evidence, while customer loyalty is analyzed through the variables of customer satisfaction, frequency of repeat visits, and the tendency to recommend the hotel to others. This research uses a survey method by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 100 customers staying at the Oma Casa Hotel. The analysis technique used is Pearson correlation to test the strength and direction of the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty. The research results show that there is a significant positive relationship between service quality and customer loyalty at the Oma Casa Hotel, which indicates that improving service quality can have a direct effect on increasing customer loyalty. These findings provide implications for hotel management to focus more on improving service quality to strengthen relationships with customers and increase repeat visit rate
КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ЗАЩИТА ДЕРЕВЯННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ АНТИПЕРИНОМ
Authors: Бозоров Лутфулла Убайдуллаевич , Холбоева Азиза Ихтияровна , Тураев Хайит Худайназарович , Нуркулов Файзулла Нурмуминович
Published: January 2025

The article shows the possibility of obtaining a new polyfunctional oligomer based on sulfur and nitrogen-containing compounds for the fight against termites, synthesized on the basis of local raw materials, which increases the amount of antiseptic efficiency and provides bioprotective properties.
In addition to studying the physicochemical properties of the oligomers obtained, the use of aqueous solutions of organic nitrogen and sulfur oligomers prepared from local raw materials in order to increase the resistance of wood materials to termites led to positive results by 87%.
Red Meat Consumption and Risk Factors of Lung Cancer Among Never Smokers A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Uddin Md Jamal
Published: January 2025

Background: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In Bangladesh, non-smoker lung cancer is rising due to dietary, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Objective: This study aims to explore the association between red meat consumption, lifestyle factors, and lung cancer risk among non-smoker populations in Bangladesh. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Delta Medical College & Hospital. A total of 332 participants (166 cases, 166 controls) aged 30–65 years were included. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, dietary patterns, behavioral factors, and clinical history. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using SPSS version 25. Results: This study involved 332 participants, with 166 cases and 166 controls matched by age and gender. The mean age of cases was 48.6±9.2 years, while controls had a mean age of 43.8±8.6 years. The mean BMI was 21.2±2.3 for cases and 22.0±2.5 for controls. Red meat consumption was significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, with 59.6% of cases regularly consuming red meat compared to 45.8% of controls (OR=1.75, p=0.011). Passive smoking increased the risk of lung cancer by four times (OR=4.01, p<0.0001). Protective factors included regular vegetable intake (OR=0.37, p=0.001) and tea or coffee consumption (OR=0.57, p=0.042). Conclusions: Red meat consumption and passive smoking are major risk factors for lung cancer in non-smokers. Protective factors include regular intake of vegetables and tea or coffee. Targeted health interventions are necessary to reduce lung cancer risks.
Comparative Efficacy of Anterior vs Posterior Surgical Approaches in Total Hip Arthroplasty for Trauma Patients
Authors: Dam Prof Bipul Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background: Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is crucial for treating hip trauma, with anterior and posterior approaches being commonly employed surgical techniques. Objective: This study compares the efficacy of anterior versus posterior approaches in THA for trauma patients in Bangladesh, focusing on recovery, complication rates, and overall patient satisfaction. Method: A prospective study was conducted from May 2023 to July 2024 at Christian Mission Hospital, Rajshahi. Thirty-five trauma patients were randomly assigned to either the anterior (n=17) or posterior (n=18) approach. Data collection included post-operative recovery times, complication rates, and patient-reported outcomes using standardized assessments. Results: Patients in the anterior group had a 20% faster recovery time, with 70% (n=12) achieving full mobility within eight weeks, compared to 55% (n=10) in the posterior group. The complication rate was 17.6% (n=3) for the anterior approach and 22.2% (n=4) for the posterior approach. The average hospital stay for the anterior group was 5.2 days, compared to 6.4 days for the posterior group, representing a 19% reduction in hospitalization duration. Patient satisfaction was slightly higher in the anterior group, with an average satisfaction score of 85%, while the posterior group averaged 80%. After six months, 94% (n=16) of patients in the anterior group and 89% (n=16) in the posterior group reported successful functional outcomes. Conclusions: The anterior approach demonstrated faster recovery and shorter hospital stays, though both approaches resulted in similar long-term outcomes and patient satisfaction. Slightly higher complication rates in the posterior group were not statistically significant.
Prediction of Non Invasive Ventilation Failure in Critically Ill COVID 19 Patients
Authors: Polash Shahadat Hossain
Published: January 2025

Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is recognized as a practical and effective method for assisting selected patients with respiratory issues. The HACOR scoring system evaluates heart rate, acidosis, consciousness, oxygenation, and respiratory rate and has proven to be predictive of NIV failure in critically ill patients like COVID-19 patinets. Aim: To determine the predictibility of HACOR score to identify NIV failure early in patients with respiratory failure linked to COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the ICU of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Dhaka Medical College Hospital over a one-year period. It involved 40 patients who were administered NIV via a conventional ventilator in spontaneous mode and selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed written consent was obtained from each patient’s guardians. Upon admission to the ICU, the HACOR score of each patient was measured after one hour of NIV treatment, assessing factors such as heart rate, pH levels for acidosis, and oxygenation through the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, along with respiratory rate. Analysis was performed with both manual methods and software SPSS version 24. Results: NIV failure occurred in 33 (82.5%) patients with only 7 (17.5%) achieving psuccessful NIV. Older patients experienced NIV failure significanly higher compared to those with successful outcomes (average ages 61.79±17.28 vs. 47.57±11.92 years, p=0.045), and male patients were predominant (66.66%). The predominating comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (57.5%). The HACOR scores were significantly higher in patients who failed NIV compared to those who succeeded (8.18±2.18 vs. 4.71±1.5, p=0.002). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis established a HACOR score cutoff value of 5 after one hour of NIV treatment for predicting NIV failure in the study population, demonstrating a sensitivity of 93.9% and a specificity of 57.1% (AUC: 0.905). Conclusion: Despite the study's limited sample size, findings suggest that the HACOR score may serve as an early indicator of NIV failure in critically ill patients with COVID-19-related respiratory failure. Future research on a larger scale is anticipated to validate and expand upon these important insights.
EFFECT OF TENDON GLIDE WITH MWM (MOBILIZATION WITH MOVEMENT) ON DE QUERVAINS TENOSYNOVITIS IN MOBILE USERS
Authors: Zulfqar Rubina , Faiza Mohsin  , Nimra Seher  , Kashaf Farooq  , Rida Wahid  , Aneela Umar
Published: January 2025

Background: De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons, commonly resulting from repetitive thumb movements such as text messaging. This repetitive strain can lead to pain, functional limitations, and reduced quality of life. Physiotherapy is a non-invasive management approach that includes mobilization with movement (MWM) and tendon gliding exercises, aimed at reducing pain and improving mobility and function.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of mobilization with movement (MWM) alone and MWM combined with tendon gliding exercises on pain, functional ability, and quality of life in individuals with De Quervain’s tenosynovitis associated with mobile phone overuse.
Methods: A total of 32 female participants aged 18–25 years with positive Finkelstein tests and meeting inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into two groups using a lottery method. Group A received MWM combined with tendon gliding exercises, while Group B received MWM alone. The intervention was delivered over four weeks, consisting of three sessions per week, with three sets of exercises per session. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), range of motion (ROM) was measured using goniometry, and hand function was evaluated using the Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ). Outcome measures were recorded at baseline, after two weeks, and after four weeks.
Results: Both groups demonstrated significant within-group improvements in VAS, ROM, and MHQ scores. Group A’s mean pain scores decreased from 4.93 ± 1.57 to 1.80 ± 0.774, while Group B’s scores reduced from 4.86 ± 1.50 to 1.80 ± 0.941. ROM for thumb extension improved from 39.6 ± 7.93 to 47.8 ± 3.18 in Group A and from 40.0 ± 7.56 to 46.2 ± 4.25 in Group B. The MHQ scores increased from 45 ± 12.1 to 59 ± 12.8 in Group A and from 43.3 ± 13.5 to 54 ± 22.0 in Group B. However, independent sample t-tests revealed no statistically significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05).
ConclusionBoth mobilization with movement alone and in combination with tendon gliding exercises were effective in reducing pain, improving functional ability, and enhancing quality of life in patients with De Quervain’s tenosynovitis. The findings suggest that MWM alone is as effective as the combined approach, providing flexibility in therapeutic choices based on individual patient needs.
UTILIZATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANACE IMAGING(MRI) FOR IDENTIFYING BRAIN INFARCTS, INCLUDING THE DETECTION OF THESE LEISIONS ON VARIOUS MRI SEQUENCES
Authors: Aijaz Moazma , Ramsha Ashraf  , Kainat Tariq  , Aqsa Yasin  , Aiman ijaz  , Maham Fayyaz
Published: January 2025

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become a cornerstone in diagnosing brain infarcts due to its superior sensitivity and specificity compared to other imaging modalities. The ability of MRI to employ various sequences enables a detailed evaluation of ischemic stroke across acute and chronic phases. Accurate detection and characterization of brain infarcts are crucial for timely clinical interventions, particularly in identifying ischemic lesions and guiding therapeutic decisions.
Objective: To evaluate the utilization of MRI in diagnosing brain infarcts and to determine the effectiveness of different MRI sequences in detecting these lesions.
Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study included 71 patients who underwent brain MRI at a tertiary care hospital. Inclusion criteria involved adults aged 18 and above, presenting with clinical symptoms such as headache, hypertension, and unilateral limb weakness. MRI scans were performed using a 1.5 Tesla MRI machine, with protocols that included Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI), T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, and ADC mapping sequences. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaires, and clinical and imaging findings were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: The study population consisted of 34 males (47.9%) and 37 females (52.1%), with a mean age of 43.01 years (range: 20–85; standard deviation: 18.474). Acute infarcts were identified in 36 patients (50.7%), while 35 patients (49.3%) had chronic infarcts. Limb weakness on one side was observed in 42 patients (59.2%), and 43 patients (60.6%) had a history of hypertension and headache. DWI was the most commonly utilized protocol for detecting acute infarcts, while T1- and T2-weighted sequences were predominant for chronic infarcts.
Conclusion: MRI is an indispensable imaging modality for diagnosing brain infarcts with unparalleled accuracy. The integration of specific sequences such as DWI for acute infarcts and T1/T2-weighted imaging for chronic infarcts enhances diagnostic precision and facilitates effective clinical management.
Comparison of Clomiphene Citrate and Letrozole in induction of ovulation among patients with PolyCystic Ovarian syndrome (PCOS) Primary Sub-fertility
Authors: Yasir Khan Urooj , Mehwish  , Nafees Sehrish , Raishem  , Mushtaq Sumera , Nafees Saba
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare the efficacy of clomiphene and Letrozole in the induction of ovulation in patients with primary ovarian sub-fertility.
Methodology:  This was a Randomized control trial study carried out at Dow University Hospital Karachi, Ojha Campus, Karachi after approval of synopsis from February 2016 to January 2017. The required sample size was 164 (82 in the Letrozole group and 82 in the CC group). Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used. Females of 18-40 years irrespective of weight, years of marriage, and duration of sub-fertility with primary ovarian sub-fertility were included in the study. SPSS was used for data analysis.
Results: Total of 164 women were enrolled in the study. 82 women were given Clomiphene Citrate and 82 were treated with Letrozole. The mean age was found to be 28.48±4.12 in the clomiphene citrate group whereas 28.45±3.01 in the Letrozole group. The results showed improved results among the group with Letrozole drug compared to Clomiphene Citrate. Efficacy was positively found with 1st cycle, 2nd cycle & 3rd cycle in 2 (2.4%), 23 (28.05%) & 32 (39.02%) respondents respectively with Clomiphene Citrate. Whereas efficacy was positive with 1st cycle, 2nd cycle & 3rd cycle in 18 (21.9%), 34 (41.4%) & 24 (29.2%) respondents respectively with Letrozole.
Conclusion: Letrozole appeared to be the effective drug of choice in ovulation induction among patients who failed to conceive, however, the clomiphene citrate was found to be most effective in women. The dosage of Letrozole is much lower mg with effective pregnancy results compared to Clomiphene Citrate clomiphene citrate.
Apologetika Kristen: Upaya Menjelaskan Kepada Saksi Yehuwa Bahwa Yesus Adalah Allah
Authors: Landele James Andris , Indino Mario Barbarona
Published: January 2025

Dalam konteks kekristenan, pembahasan mengenai Kristologi, atau studi tentang Kristus, tetap menjadi topik kontroversial yang menarik perhatian dari berbagai kelompok, baik Kristen maupun non-Kristen, hingga saat ini. Diantara berbagai aliran yang berkontribusi pada diskusi ini adalah ajaran Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa, yang secara eksplisit menantang konsepsi divinitas dan humanitas Kristus. Saksi Yehuwa menolak konsep Tritunggal dan menolak bahwa Bapa, Anak, dan Roh Kudus memiliki esensi kesetaraan sebagai personifikasi YHWH. Menurut Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa, Yesus adalah ciptaan Allah dan tidak setara dengan Allah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjawab atau menjelaskan tentang konsep ke-Allahan Yesus menurut Alkitab, bahwa Yesus adalah seratus persen Allah dan seratus persen manusia. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif studi kepustakaan. Dalam penelitian kualitatif studi kepustakaan, penulis menggunakan pendekatan analisis teks untuk memahami berbagai perspektif, teori, dan temuan yang ada dalam literatur terkait topik penelitian. Pengajaran Saksi-Saksi Yehuwah, yang mengatakan Yesus hanya utusan dan mempunyai visi dan misi yang sama dengan Allah, jelaslah keliru, karena Yesus bukan utusan, melainkan Yesus adalah Allah yang datang ke dunia dalam rupa sebagai manusia. Pandangan Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa yang menyangkal keilahian Yesus sangat bertentangan dengan ajaran Alkitab. Alkitab menyatakan bahwa Yesus adalah Allah yang menyertai-Nya sejak semula, sementara juga menjadi manusia untuk memenuhi rencana penebusan Allah bagi umat manusia.
Simbolisme Langit Yang Baru Dan Bumi Yang Baru Dalam Kitab Wahyu 21: Analisis Visi Dan Pesan Apokaliptik Untuk Konteks Kontemporer
Authors: Talifuddin Fiona Isaura , Lintong Aurel Christania Alexandra , Panggulu Sherly Leony
Published: January 2025

Kitab Wahyu sebagai karya apokaliptik menawarkan berbagai simbol yang sering kali disalahpahami, termasuk simbol "Langit yang Baru dan Bumi yang Baru" dalam Wahyu 21. Simbol ini memiliki relevansi signifikan dalam konteks kontemporer, khususnya dalam isu-isu ekologi dan spiritualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali makna simbolisme tersebut sebagai pesan eskatologis yang mencerminkan pengharapan akan pembaruan total di masa depan. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka digunakan untuk menganalisis literatur teologi, sejarah, dan sosial terkait. Simbol "Langit yang Baru dan Bumi yang Baru" ditafsirkan sebagai transformasi total yang mencakup aspek spiritual, sosial, dan ekologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa visi dan pesan apokaliptik dalam simbol ini relevan dalam menginspirasi tanggung jawab manusia terhadap lingkungan dan kehidupan bermasyarakat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemahaman simbol apokaliptik ini tidak hanya memberikan pengharapan akan pemulihan di masa depan, tetapi juga mendorong tindakan nyata di masa kini untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara hubungan manusia dengan lingkungan sebagai wujud respons terhadap kasih Allah.
PERAN SEKOLAH KRISTEN DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DAN PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTERDALAM MENDIDIK SISWA DALAM IMAN DAN MORALITAS
Authors: Sa'pang Ririn , Masewe Tande
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran penting pendidikan agama Kristen dalam membentuk karakter siswa, terutama dalam hal keyakinan dan moralitas, di tengah dinamika pendidikan modern yang kompleks. Pendidikan agama Kristen berfungsi sebagai fondasi untuk memperkuat nilai-nilai Kristen dalam kehidupan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan dengan meninjau berbagai literatur dan sumber ilmiah terkait, fokus pada peran sekolah Kristen dalam mendidik siswa dalam aspek iman dan moralitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan agama Kristen tidak hanya memperkuat keyakinan dan moral sesuai ajaran agama, tetapi juga mendorong penerapan nilai-nilai Kristen dalam kehidupan sehari-hari siswa. Sekolah Kristen memiliki tantangan besar dalam menghadapi perkembangan teknologi dan globalisasi yang mengubah cara pendidikan agama diajarkan. Oleh karena itu, sekolah Kristen perlu beradaptasi dan mengintegrasikan pendekatan inovatif dalam kurikulum mereka untuk tetap relevan. Kesimpulannya, pendidikan agama Kristen memiliki dampak signifikan dalam membentuk karakter siswa, dengan upaya untuk memastikan pengajaran tetap relevan dan bermakna di era yang terus berubah.
Právní důsledky nehody na sportovním lanovém traverzu
Authors: Wagner Josef , Belica Ondřej
Published: January 2025

After an accident on a leisure zip line in 2007, a criminal court sentenced an instructor from the starting platform to a suspended sentence. The court justified the decision by breaching unspecified obligations and failing to comply with the requirements of labour law, which the court itself stated did not apply to leisure activities such as zip line. The article draws attention to the fact that when dealing with accidents in sport/leisure activities, seemingly unrelated labour law regulations may be followed.
Nehoda potápěče v důsledku vdechnutí cizího tělesa
Authors: Kudela Roman
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the causes of a diving accident that occurred in 2014 in Svobodné Heřmanice quarry. One of the divers began to surface for unknown reasons in the 12th minute of a recreational dive and then sank to the bottom. As a result of the lack of breath, he lost consciousness. The second diver pulled him to the surface, where he successfully resuscitated him. Later, in the hospital, a foreign object was found in the injured diver's lungs.
Essays on financial aspects of business cycles
Authors:   , Contreras Mualin Gabriela Alejandra
Published: January 2025

The first chapter explores how countries’ specialization in various commodities shapes the response of commodity exporters to global financial risk. Hard commodities, such as energy and metals, experience more substantial price declines than soft commodities. A panel SVAR analysis reveals that following an unexpected increase in global financial risk, hard commodity exporters experience a more significant decline in their commodity terms of trade, more than twice the increase in their sovereign spreads, and a larger drop in consumption and output. Motivated by this evidence, I build a small open economy model that captures the effects of global risk shocks on country spreads and how these effects depend on the type of commodities an economy exports. The model implications suggest that global risk shocks are primarily transmitted through commodity prices and that hard commodity exporters are hit harder not solely due to the composition of their exports. The second chapter investigates the interplay between firm size, cyclicality, and financial frictions using extensive Chilean firm-level data from 2008 to 2019. An innovative aspect of the empirical approach involves controlling for a new measure of firm productivity. The findings reveal substantial heterogeneity in how firms respond to aggregate economic fluctuations. When holding productivity constant, small firms display a more pronounced reaction in terms of investment, hiring, and sales to positive changes in GDP compared to larger firms. However, the link between cyclicality and firm size diminishes when considering firms with similar productivity and financial conditions, indicating that financial constraints play a crucial role in explaining the diverse responses across firms to aggregate economic fluctuations. These results support a financial accelerator mechanism, suggesting that, among equally productive firms, the higher cyclicality of smaller Chilean firms compared to larger ones is linked to differences in access to financing.
¡Ay, Javiera, qué Dolores! : conflicto y escándalo en una familia de élite, 1859-1889
Authors:   , Riesco Tagle Leonor
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito central estudiar la administración del conflicto y el escándalo entre los sujetos de la elite chilena en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, así como los distintos mecanismos y estrategias que utilizaron y los ajustes que debieron hacer entre sus intereses personales y los patrones conductuales imperantes. Una de las principales hipótesis del trabajo es que la misma colectividad que erigió, preservó y transmitió un modelo de conducta que juzgó correcto e idóneo, censurando a quienes no se ajustaran a él, en la práctica muchas veces constató que éste era inviable o incompatible con los intereses y conductas individuales de los llamados a respetarlo. Enfrentados a esta contradicción intrínseca entre el “ser” y las normas del “deber ser” – las dos consignas esenciales presentes a lo largo de esta tesis –, los individuos debieron someter su criterio y calcular si ceder a lo primero, circunscribirse a lo segundo o transar entre ambos. A partir de ese diálogo y transitando por los espacios de lo íntimo, lo privado y lo público, nuestro objetivo fue esclarecer el particular modo en que los sujetos de la elite se concibieron a sí mismos y a su entorno, el valor que depositaron en la opinión pública, la necesidad de proyectar una imagen ceñida a las expectativas de sus pares y los costos de mantenerla. Todo esto se ejemplifica con elocuencia a través de la familia Eyzaguirre Echaurren, sobre todo en los reveses acaecidos a lo largo de su historia y las decisiones que fue tomando para enfrentarlos. Su correspondencia privada da cuenta del modo en que se autorrepresentaron sus integrantes y el nivel de gravitación que tuvo para ellos el juicio social, al mismo tiempo que devela ciertos condicionantes socioculturales de la mentalidad y el comportamiento de su colectividad, en particular cuando los individuos se vieron sometidos a situaciones de conflicto o escándalo. Conocer a fondo la historia de esta atribulada familia de elite desde la óptica de Javiera Echaurren García Huidobro, permite sostener que detrás de las apariencias de estabilidad y homogeneidad, el grupo social del cual formó parte estuvo compuesto por múltiples singularidades; y que basta con adentrarse un poco más en la vida privada de sus integrantes para constatar que ni los roles según el género fueron tan definidos, ni las normas conductuales tan esmeradamente observadas.
Heterocyclic amines in chicken meat: Development of new technologies for their quantification and mitigation
Authors:   , Allende Sanzana Fidel Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Las carnes, son una fuente de alimentación ampliamente utilizadas, por ser ricas en proteínas, minerales y otros nutrientes. En Chile, hay un aumento sostenido en el consumo de carnes, principalmente de carne de pollo. El 2013 se consumieron ~38 kg/año de carne de pollo per cápita (ODEPA), más del doble del promedio per cápita mundial (~16 kg). Por su parte, los procesos de calentamiento de carne a alta temperatura (150 a 250°C) la hacen más segura microbiológicamente y más apetitosa con los cambios de textura, apariencia y sabor, pero también, debido a la reacción de Maillard, se forman Aminas Heterocíclicas (HAs). Las HA son un grupo de contaminantes cancerígenos según la OMS, se forman en el proceso de cocción de la carne a alta temperatura y han sido asociados con cáncer de colon y otras patologías en diferentes estudios. En modelos animales han demostrado el desarrollo de tumores en el colon y otros órganos. Mientras que en Chile, el cáncer de colon se ubica entre los cánceres de mayor prevalencia. Actualmente, no se dispone en Chile de metodologías y tecnologías sensibles y específicas para cuantificar y mitigar HAs asociadas al proceso de cocción de carnes a alta temperatura. Por lo tanto, nuestros objetivos fueron Desarrollar nuevas metodologías y tecnologías sensibles y específicas por LC-MS, para cuantificar y mitigar HAs generadas en el proceso de cocción de carne de pollo a alta temperatura. Por lo tanto, se desarrolló una nueva metodología analítica utilizando QUECHERS-LC-MS/MS para cuantificar los HAs generados en carne de pollo cocida a diferentes temperaturas. Además, se ha desarrollado una nueva tecnología para mitigar la formación de HAs en la carne de pollo durante la cocción. Esta innovación se basó en la aplicación de extractos de vainas de Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa). Los resultados de la nueva metodología analítica desarrollada fueron: (i) Recuperación >82%; (ii) Efecto Matriz (92-103%); (iii) CV (3,7-11,4%) (iv) Precisión (103-115%); (iv) LOD 0,1 ng/g; (vi) LOQ 1 ng/g, cumpliendo con los parámetros de validación de la FDA. Finalmente, la tecnología de mitigación de HAs implementada, basada en extractos de vainas de Tara, reduce en promedio un 70 % del total de HAs producidos en la carne de pollo durante la cocción, convirtiéndose en una alternativa natural altamente eficaz, que aprovecha los compuestos bioactivos para la mitigación.