bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Value Creation and Appropriation in the Brazilian Power Distribution Industry
Authors: Susteras Guilherme Luiz
Published: March 2024

Value creation and appropriation is a common study topic in the context of creating superior value in relation to competitors but is seldom applied in the context of regulated markets. Regulators must create a truly sustainable market environment by promoting a balanced value appropriation among all stakeholders. The objective of this research is to introduce the application of the VCA (Value Creation and Appropriation) method for measuring value creation and appropriation by stakeholders in regulated markets, with the illustrative case of the Brazilian power distribution market. By applying this methodology, we could test 3 specific hypotheses and found that (1) in most scenarios there is no significant difference in the creation and appropriation of value between state-owned and privately-owned companies, (2) despite complains presented by Distribution Companies, there are no indication that the value created and appropriated by stakeholders decreased over time, and (3) the regulatory intervention introduced by the Brazilian government in 2012, to try to force energy price reductions, unequivocally affected the dynamics of total value creation and value appropriation. This paper contributes to both scholars and practitioners and the proposed methodology can serve as a powerful benchmarking tool, especially as a means for policymakers to assess the maturity level of their local market regulation.
Unsteady MHD Nanofluid Flow Through a Divergent Conduit with Chemical Reaction and Radiation
Authors: Nyabuti Valarie , Kiogora Phineas Roy , Onyango Edward , Nyawade Eunice
Published: March 2024

Inefficient heat transfer rates have resulted in high energy consumption costs in heat exchanger systems. In this study, unsteady MHD(Magneto-hydrodynamics) Nanofluid flow (Silver-water) through a divergent conduit with chemical reaction and radiation is investigated. The chemical reactions taking place within the Nanofluid are considered to be of first order with the radiation effects being in a steady state. The governing partial differential equations have been transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The resulting system of non-linear ordinary differential equations is then solved using the spectral collocation method and implemented in MATLAB software. The results for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are presented graphically and discussed. It was observed that increasing the Reynolds number and Hartmann number led to an increase in the velocity profile. Increasing the Eckert number and Joule heating parameter increased the temperature profile while increasing the radiation parameter led to a decrease in the temperature of the Nanofluid. The concentration of the Nanofluid increased with an increase in the Soret number and Chemical reaction parameter while the concentration decreased with an increase in the Schmidt number. The findings have practical applications in designing and optimizing heat exchangers by maximizing heat transfer thus contributing to the sustainability of geothermal power generation in the energy industry.
Evaluation of Coffee Genotype for Drought Tolerance and Water Use Efficiency in Western Ethiopia at West Wollega
Authors: Ayanaw Huluager , Tamiru Zelalem , Tadese Minida , Asefa Addisu
Published: March 2024

The growth and output of coffee are significantly hampered by drought. To lessen the effects of climate change on coffee production, it is crucial to choose genotypes of Arabica coffee that are resistant to drought. The goal of the study was to select genotypes of Wellega coffee that are drought-tolerant at the Haru Agricultural Research Sub-Center in the Oromia National Regional State, Western Ethiopia. The experiment was carried out in a controlled environment from 2017 to 2019 G. C., with three replications laid out in RCBD. For 28 days, two watering regimes—well-watered and water-stressed—were applied to fourteen genotypes of Wellega coffee. The mother trees of genotype were tested at field condition. The experiment's findings showed that the genotypes not differed significantly in terms of total dry matter, relative leaf water content, and leaf retention capacity as well as in terms of the degree of wilting and in all destructive parameters. So, to select the drought tolerance coffee genotypes the stress period should be minimized in to 15-21 days.
Climate Change Impacts on Malaria Incidence: A 10-Year Retrospective Analysis in Luapula and Southern Zambia
Authors: Phiri Joshua Kanjanga , Likwa Rosemary Ndonyo
Published: March 2024

This study examines the impact of climate change on the incidence of malaria in Zambia. The study focused on variations in prevalence influenced by climatic and environmental factors. This study adopted a retrospective comparative analytical approach, utilizing 157 case records from each province. The survey investigated temperature, seasonal variations, and land use activities. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to explore the relationships between malaria incidence and climate change. The findings revealed a high fluctuating trend of rainfall from 2010 to 2020, with an average annual rainfall of 1058.0 mm. The highest total rainfall was observed in 2017 (1434.4 mm), indicating a strong association between malaria incidence rates and rainfall, as supported by a significant p-value of 0.041. Additionally, an assessment of the annual percentage of drought area for each province showed that in 2019, Southern Province had the highest percentage of drought at 64% over the ten-year period. This resulted in a poor vegetation health index, creating unfavorable environmental conditions for mosquito larvae and leading to reduced malaria transmission in the southern region. Importantly, demographic data revealed distinct population distributions between provinces, with a significant urban-rural divide. The majority of the population in both provinces resided in rural areas, with 797,407 in Luapula Province and 1,197,751 in Southern Province. Despite southern province having a higher population distribution in rural areas, Luapula Province exhibited a higher number of malaria transmission cases over the ten-year period. These results emphasize the crucial role of climate change and local environmental factors in the dynamics of malaria transmission, highlighting the need for malaria control strategies tailored to specific regions in Zambia.
Design of Multi-Input Multi-Output Non-linear Model Predictive Control for Main Steam Temperature of Super Critical Boiler
Authors: Basu Sumanta , Cherian Sushil , Johnson Jisna
Published: March 2024

Flexible operation of coal-fired power plants is becoming increasingly necessary for successful integration of large-scale renewable power generation into the power grid. The maximum ramp rate and the number of load cycles are generally limited by the thermal stress experienced by the boiler pressure parts, turbine metallurgy and creep and fatigue of critical thick-walled components Main steam temperature is a critical operating parameter that must be controlled within acceptable limits for safe operation. Main steam temperature deviation beyond acceptable limit has impact on boiler pressure parts and turbine material of construction due to creep and fatigue effect. Base load operating units do not require steep ramp rate and hence recommended ramping rates are kept low within the safe operating zone in comparison to the flexible operation of the units with wide range load change width. Thermal stresses are caused by the temperature changes inside the thick-walled components and turbine steam admission parameters. Hence, the quality of main steam temperature control plays a vital role in flexible operation of the coal fired units. Conventional cascaded PID temperature control loop architecture performs well at steady state condition within a limited variation of load change at low ramp rate but it acts slowly and performs poorly at transient operating conditions of flexible operation of the boiler turbine with wide range load variation and load cycle with high ramp rate and remains far from rated conditions. In this paper, a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) Non-linear Model Predictive Control (MPC) design for regulation of the main steam temperature of a Once-Through supercritical Boiler is proposed. The controller is based on a non-linear dynamic model which incorporates dynamics of the variables of interest. It has the capability to operate effectively across a wide load range while maintaining main steam temperature within acceptable limits. A notable advancement in this design of MPC is the incorporation of coal flow demand and feedwater flow demand as additional control inputs alongside primary and secondary spray flows. In simulation test cases, the MPC controller demonstrates satisfactory performance and computational efficiency.
Different Trends of World & Ethiopian Local Soybean Based Recipes and Their Health Benefits: A Review
Authors: Wale Kasahun
Published: March 2024

Soybean (Glycine max L.) accounts for 25% of global vegetable oil production. It is a high-protein, high-nutritional-value food that is beneficial for chronic disease prevention and treatment, alleviates depressive symptoms, and improves skin health, fiber, high in calcium and magnesium, essential amino acids, anthocyanin, saponins, lipids, and oligosaccharides. According to epidemiological studies, consumption of soybean based foods provides the advantages of lowering the prevalence of heart disease, reducing the chance of an ischemic stroke, and lowering cholesterol, which reduces the likelihood of atherosclerosis. It is effective against a wide range of malignancies, including breast, prostate, colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. Soybean recipe have antioxidant properties and helps to ease menopausal symptoms in women as well as lower the risk of type 2 diabetes. Isoflavones, a phytochemical present in soybeans, have numerous health benefits. Soybean recipes (dishes) are created in varied ways and composite ratios in different countries. Soy milk, bread, enjera, tofu and kukis are a few examples in Ethiopia. In all types of the recipes prepared, their nutritional compositions are outstanding and delicious in their tastes. The large population of Ethiopian Orthodoxy Christianity followers are not allowed during seasons of fasting, to consume proteins derived from animals. Hence soybean foods are good alternatives during those fasting days for the problem of protein malnutrition and vitamin A absorption. Ethiopian traditional unique foods like enjera, bread, wot, kitta, biscuit, kukis etc. can be prepared from soybean mixed flour. Owing to its superior nutritional value as a well-balanced diet and several health advantages, we advise making greater use of soybean-based recipes, oils, and products.
Epidemiological Profiles of Acute Otitis Media at the Commune II Referral Health Center in the Bamako District
Authors: Mariam Sangaré , Elmehdi El Ansari Mohamed Saydi Ag Mohamed , Lassana Kéïta , Mamadou Ouattara , Diaffé Dramé , Wahab Haïdara Abdoul , Ibrahim Dicko , Abdoulaye Ganaba Modibo , Hélène Samaké , Issa Koné Fatogoma , Siaka Soumaoro , Boubacary Guindo , Kadidiatou Singaré , Amadou Keïta Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Acute otitis media is a very common condition in children under the age of 7, most of whom suffer their first episode before the first three years of life. Despite scientific advances in its therapeutic and preventive management, this condition remains frequent and cosmopolitan, particularly in otolaryngology (ENT) and pediatric wards. In view of the possibility of disabling complications, we set out to study the epidemiological and clinical profile of this condition for the first time in the ENT department of the Commune II Reference Health Centre in the District of Bamako, Mali. This is a descriptive, retrospective study, using routine consultation data from January to December 2022. Based on exhaustive sampling, we collected 568 cases of confirmed AOM, representing an incidence of 20.63%. Patient age ranged from 3 months to 83 years, with an average of 12.49 years. Overall, the 3-7 age groups predominated, with 30.63% of cases. However, patients under 2 years of age predominate in progressive forms of the various stages. This study shows that AOM is a frequent occurrence in our department, and highlights the need for good interdisciplinary networking between pediatricians and ENT specialists in the management of AOM, in order to avoid possible recurrences and functional sequelae.
Evaluation of Ship Recycling Industry in View of Present Global Circumstances and Way Forward
Authors: Hossain Khandakar Akhter
Published: March 2024

Ship recycling, commonly referred to as ship dismantling, is an inherently sustainable practice with global implications. It involves the reverse engineering process of disassembling obsolete ships to recover reusable materials in a safe and environmentally friendly manner. Over the past two decades, ships have predominantly been beached in South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, India, China, and Pakistan, allowing local yards to dismantle vessels with moderate preventive measures and substantial manual labor. Ship recycling stands as a significant and environmentally conscious industry, witnessing the annual recycling of approximately 1000 obsolete ships globally. Currently, this industry is predominantly led by three South Asian countries—India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. In Bangladesh, the industry commenced with the dismantling of stranded ships, evolving into a large and profitable sector that generates substantial employment opportunities for thousands of semi-skilled workers in poverty-prone areas. While the ship recycling industry presents opportunities, it also poses challenges for coastal zone management, encompassing environmental, law enforcement, and worker safety concerns. The surge in demand for ship recycling has prompted increased regulatory scrutiny at both national and international levels. This pressure culminated in the development of the Hong Kong International Convention (HKC) by the IMO in 2009, mandating safety and environmental protection standards at recycling yards. Achieving a perfectly green ship recycling process in line with European standards is inherently costly. However, a viable and almost green ship recycling approach, integrating the current common practice of beaching methods in Asian countries, is entirely feasible. Despite limitations and challenges, the industry significantly contributes to Bangladesh's GDP and the overall socio-economic landscape. Currently, there has been a visible reduction in Bangladesh's market share due to stringent environmental regulations, while competitors have experienced increases. This study represents an analytical effort to evaluate the current global ship recycling scenario, exploring its potential, challenges, and the future trajectory of both local and global ship recycling industries.
Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Digital Media on Speech Text Materials in Senior High School/Vocational School
Authors: Nurmaidah null , Kusmana Suherli , Gloriani Yusida
Published: March 2024

This research aims to obtain a Problem Based Learning model assisted by Digital Media that is effective in Learning Class XI Speech Text Material in Senior High School/ Vocational School. The research uses qualitative methods with the ADDIE model design. The data used is primary data in the form of the results of the student learning process, data from interviews, observations and documentation studies. This research aims to obtain a Problem Based Learning model assisted by Digital Media that is effective in Learning Class XI Speech Text Material in Senior High School/ Vocational School. The research uses qualitative methods with the ADDIE model design. The data used is primary data in the form of the results of the student learning process, data from interviews, observations and documentation studies. The research location was Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Ma'had Al-Zaytun Indramayu, State High School (SMAN) Indramayu, and State Vocational High School (SMKN) Indramayu. Based on the recapitulation results of pre-test and post-test calculations using paired sample t-test in three schools, it can be explained that the average pre-test and post-test scores in the three schools have significant differences. At MA Al-Zaytun the difference in average value is 2.58541, calculations using the paired t-test produce t-count: 11.307, and at a significance level of 0.05, t-table: 1.697. This means that t-count > t-table, then it is in the "Very Significant" category. At SMAN Gantar, the difference in average value was 2.10819, when calculated using the paired t-test, it resulted in t-count: 17.709, and a significance level of 0.05, in the t-table: 1.697. This means that t-count > t-table, then it is in the "Very Significant" category. At SMKN I Gantar, the difference in average value was 2.34970, when calculated using the paired t-test, it resulted in t-count: 16.7820, and a significance level of 0.05, in the t-table: 1.697. This means that t-count > t-table, then it is in the "Very Significant" category. Thus, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model assisted by Digital Media in Class XI Speech Text Material is able to improve students' speech competence.
Exploration and Practice on Teaching Method Reform in the Course of Children’s Wear Design
Authors: Nuonan Ruan
Published: March 2024

Children's Wear Design is an important part of the fashion design course. As a special category in design, children's wear plays a significant role in the growth and future of children. This paper starts by analyzing the status quo and the problems to be solved in the course of Children’s Wear Design, and then explores innovative teaching methods, teaching philosophies, and teaching objectives of the curriculum reform from three dimensions of teaching content, teaching structure, and teaching assessment. Thus, the analysis explores the new framework, new resources, and new perspectives of this course based on students’ individuality and design subjectivity, and then puts forward the implementation methods and optimization strategies for curriculum reform practices. The aim of the paper is to provide an effective framework reference for the teaching reform and practice of design courses, and also an inspiration for the future practice and teaching reforms of fashion design courses.
The Accessible Clinical Application Progress of Supine Fixation Technique in Radiotherapy After Breast Conserving Surgery for Early Breast Cancer in China
Authors: Cheng Xiaolong , Liu Jiping , Wang Binbing , Sun Long
Published: March 2024

Radiation therapy (radiotherapy) is one of the important methods for comprehensive treatment of breast cancer. Radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery for early breast cancer can not only achieve local control rate and long-term survival rate similar to total mastectomy, but also meet patients' pursuit of higher quality of life. With the development of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), helical tomotherapy (HT), and other advanced radiotherapy technique, the consistency of patient position fixation during radiotherapy is the key to ensure the implementation of accurate radiotherapy. Due to the special and high activity of breast organs, there is no unified fixation method for breast conserving postoperative radiotherapy. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of various accessible supine fixation techniques in early breast cancer postoperative radiotherapy in recent years. This paper analyzes the clinical application method and clinical application effect of various techniques, compares the advantages and disadvantages of each technology. It is found that breast bracket is the most widely used for classical breast cancer radiotherapy. In any fixation technique, it is still a practical problem for the clinic to solve the problem of the normal location of the breast activity and the consistency of the radiation. It is recommended that the position of the supposition fixation technique should be selected according to the patient's BMI, breast size and target area.
Development of Wireless Charging System Using Square-Circular Coupled Coils with Different Misalignments
Authors: Bukya Ravi
Published: March 2024

Now a days, inductive power transfer (IPT) has gained a lot of attention from researchers as it has ease of use and realiability for electric vehicle (EV) battery charging systems. This paper examines the increasing attention from researchers towards inductive power transfer (IPT) as a means of charging electric vehicle (EV) batteries. This interest originates from the user-friendly characteristics and notable reliability associated with IPT. The evaluation of mutual inductance (MI) holds importance within the domain of Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems, as it serves a critical function in enabling effective power transfer. Therefore, it is essential to perform a comprehensive analysis of the mutual inductance between the two coils that are connected through inductive coupling. This study provides an examination of mutual inductance (MI) and efficiency within the context of interoperability conditions of interconnected coils. The transmitter coil is represented as a square structure, denoted as TxS, whereas the receiving coil is represented as a circular structure, denoted as RxC. Furthermore, the application of ferrite cores and steel chassis inclosures, in combination with coils, is utilised for the objective of electric vehicle (EV) battery charging. The magnetic induction (MI) analysis is performed by the utilisation of finite element method (FEM) simulation. The finite element method (FEM) simulation outcomes of the interconnected coils with misalignments, encompassing both non-core and steel chassis configurations, are juxtaposed with the corresponding empirical observations.
Determinants of Institutional Ownership in the MENA Region
Authors: Belanes Amel , Said Khouloud
Published: March 2024

This study explores the main determinants of institutional ownership in the MENA region. Using a large sample of 262 listed companies across MENA countries, this study focuses on company and country characteristics that might explain institutional behavior. We attempt to answer the following questions: First, what are the main categories of institutional investors operating in MENA countries? Secondly, what factors drive institutional ownership? Results reveal a weak presence of institutional investors in the MENA region. Unlike foreign and passive investors, domestic and active institutional investors dominate the companies’ ownership. Such findings raise serious issues about how to attract foreign institutional investors. Results also suggest that value stocks appeal to institutional investors, whatever their origin (foreign or domestic) and kind (active or passive). Institutional investors look for large, profitable, and liquid companies that pay high dividends. They prefer investing in highly indebted companies as they consider debt an efficient mechanism to mitigate agency problems. Corporate governance and information disclosure are also crucial determinants of institutional ownership. However, foreign-domestic and active-passive institutional investors have different investment preferences. Our study would contribute to a better understanding of ownership endogeneity within an emerging context. Results would help professionals, managers, and policymakers to adopt appropriate reforms to offer an appealing business climate and attract a large base of institutional investors, not only foreign and active investors.
Assessing the Potential of Extra-Early Maturing Multiple Stress-tolerant Maize Hybrids Under Different Rates of Nitrogen
Authors: Bourandi Korokoro Bio , Abdoul-Madjidou Yacoubou , Olasanmi Bunmi , Narcisse Hounfodji Sedjro , Silvestro Meseka , Abib Aboudou , Abebe Menkir , Baffour Badu-Apraku , Nouhoun Zoumarou Wallis
Published: March 2024

Decline in soil fertility is a major constraint to maize production. This study aimed to assess the agronomic performance of improved maize varieties under different nitrogen rates to identify low nitrogen tolerant varieties. Five multiple stress-tolerant maize hybrids, developed by maize improvement program of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), and an open-pollinated variety used as check were evaluated under three levels nitrogen at two locations during 2019 growing season. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot experiment with three replications at each location. Nitrogen rates and varieties were the main and secondary factors, respectively. Data collected on grain yield and its related traits and were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% level of significance. The average grain yield of the six varieties under different nitrogen levels ranged from 2.2 t/ha at 0 kgN/ha in Angaradébou to 5.3 t/ha at 76 kgN/ha in Komkoma. Hybrid TZEEQI 342 × TZEEQI 7 showed high grain yield (4.0 t/ha) across the two agro-ecologies while varieties TZEE-W Pop STR QPM Co × TZEEQI 7 (3.7 t/ha) and TZdEEI 91 × TZEEI 21 (3.6 t/ha) had comparable grain yield. These hybrids were also less susceptible to nitrogen stress. They are the promising genotypes for Angaradébou localities while farmers around Komkoma should continue to cultivate TZEE-W Pop DT STR QPM.
Application of Intra-Orbital Septal Transfer of Lateral Orbital Septal Pedicled Fat Flap in the Treatment of Upper Eyelid Dents
Authors: Wang En-Jing , Xu Bin
Published: March 2024

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of intraorbital septal transfer of the lateral upper eyelid mass and orbital septum pedicled fat flap in the treatment of upper eyelid depression. Method: During the double eyelid surgery, the fat mass on the lateral side of the upper eyelid was exposed, a small incision was made on the outside of the orbital septum, the fat in the orbital septum was released, the blood vessels on the inside of the root of the fat mass were preserved, and the fat was sharply separated from the outside to the inside. The mass is trimmed into a strip-shaped pedunculated fat flap. A small lateral incision is made along the lateral side to separate the medial fat mass in the orbital septum. The separated fat flap is refilled into the orbital septum from the lateral incision and pulled to the medial side for fixation. Results: 33 patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months after surgery. Except for 1 patient with severe upper eyelid skin laxity who underwent surgical repair, the rest of the patients' upper eyelid depression was effectively relieved and the upper eyelids looked natural. The patients were satisfied with the surgical results. Conclusion: The intra-orbital septum transfer of the lateral upper eyelid mass and orbital septum pedicled fat flap is a simple and effective surgical method for the treatment of upper eyelid depression, with less pain and quick recovery. It is worth recommending in the treatment of upper eyelid depression.
Activated Charcoal Modified with Chromium Oxide as Catalyst for Groundnut Oil Transesterification
Authors: Bello Abdurrahman , Galadima Ahmad
Published: March 2024

A gradual shift to biofuels development was considered advantageous in reducing the pollution and other challenges associated with fossil fuels. Specifically, biodiesel production is one of those options prioritized in the literature. Herein, we demonstrated how a modified activated charcoal sample and chromium oxide can catalyze the upgrading of groundnut oil into fuel-grade biodiesel at the laboratory scale via trans-esterification with methanol. The charcoal-based catalyst was characterized mainly at mole ratio: 3:1 (methanol: oil) reaction time of 1hr and reaction temperature at 60°C. The yield of biodiesel produced were found 71.50% for activated modified charcoal, 59.30% for chromium oxide and 49.45% for charcoal only, which is a little lower than that obtained by some researchers, and the density was found to be 0.56/cm3 for active modified charcoal, 0.43g/cm3 for chromium oxide and 0.33g/cm3 for charcoal only which is within the ASTM approved limits. The viscocity was found to be 3.39mm2/s, 2.52 mm2/s and 1.85 mm2/s for modified activated charcoal chromium oxide and charcoal respectively at 40°C. The free fatty acid was found to be 0.01%, 0.04% and 0.02% for modified activated charcoal, chromium oxide and charcoal respectively and the values are within the range approved by ASTM. The saponification values obtained were 0.56mgKOH/g, 0.84mgKOH/g and 1.12mgKOH/g for modified activated charcoal, chromium oxide and charcoal respectively. Trans-esterification method is found to be good in producing by biodiesel from groundnut oil as corroborated by several investigations.
Socioeconomic Impact of a Credit and Development Cooperative on the Life of Members in the Province of Isabela
Authors: Fulong Lorna , Ramos Belinda
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the profound socioeconomic implications of a Credit and Development Cooperative (CDC) within the lives of its members and identify operational challenges faced by the cooperative. It also aims to explore and analyze its tangible impact on the lives of its members, shedding light on how their socioeconomic conditions have evolved over time. By employing a descriptive design, a survey questionnaire was utilized, gathering responses from 109 voluntary participants, the research endeavors to comprehensively assess the cooperative's influence on economic well-being, social dynamics, and overall community development. Ethical considerations are paramount, ensuring the protection of participant confidentiality and rights. By analyzing the gathered data, the research illuminates the multifaceted contributions of the cooperative to economic prosperity and social well-being of its members and community development. Furthermore, findings indicate a significant positive impact of the cooperative's services on the socioeconomic well-being of its members. While only 27 members reported encountering issues with cooperative operations, the primary concern was the delay and non-payment of member obligations. This issue, recognized as potentially undermining the cooperative's stability, contrasts with the substantial assistance the cooperative has provided in improving members' socioeconomic lives. Further research is recommended to ascertain the generalization of these results.
Teaching-Learning Grammar via Cooperative Language Learning: Kombolcha Secondary School in Focus
Authors: Shumiye Ashenafi Shimeles
Published: March 2024

This study is mainly concerned with the assessing challenges English teachers of Kombolcha Secondary School face in teaching grammar through cooperative language learning with particular reference to, grade 9. The data was gathered by four data gathering instruments questionnaire, interview, classroom observation, and text analysis. The data, which were obtained through a close-ended questionnaire, were analyzed and interpreted in the quantitative method, whereas the data which were gathered through interviews and classroom observation were interpreted and analyzed in the qualitative method. Finding shows that lack of student centeredness, lack of being facilitators, inappropriateness of CLL in grammar teaching were the major factors that hamper teaching grammar using Cooperative Language Learning. All concerned bodies including teachers, students, society, Ministry of Education, and others should facilitate a condition to prepare supplementary materials which provide detailed information about cooperative activities in addition to textbooks; support might be in the form of finance to prepare other
“It Makes Us Feel More Professional!” Stakeholders’ Perception of the Ghana Teacher Licensure Examination
Authors: Addai-Mununkum Richardson , Amoah Samuel Asare , Tamanja Emmanuel Makabu Jagri , Amos Patricia Mawusi , Agyeman Edmond Akwasi , Addai-Poku Christian , Akayuure Peter , Kusi Hinneh
Published: March 2024

The professionalism of teaching has been subject of an age long debate. Teachers beseech others to recognize them as professionals and they become belligerent when they fail to receive recognition. Since 2018, Ghana has instituted the Ghana Teacher Licensure Examinations (GTLE) to regulate entry into the teaching profession. This policy has received a mixed bag of reactions with the populace sharply divided in opinion. Given that knowledge gap existed, it was important to interrogate the general perception of all stakeholders across Ghana to unravel how the GTLE is perceived among stakeholders. This paper is culled out of a broader study that employed a mixed-methods research approach in a nationwide study involving over 2800 respondents. For this paper, we report on the qualitative data generated from 145 participants. We describe the concerns of stakeholders who are in favour, against, or ambivalent about the GTLE. Drawing on an adaptation of CBAM model, we discuss stakeholders’ perceptions of GTLE as stages of concern. We conclude that stakeholders opposed to the licensing of teachers do so because of their concerns about its form, content, and other logistical challenges. To sustain the policy, it is recommended for the National Teaching Council and the Ministry of Education to take steps to address these concerns. Regardless, what stakeholders agree to be the biggest strength of the GTLE is that it is a positive step towards professionalizing teaching. It is a useful yardstick to determine who is qualified to perform the function of teaching, and prevents all others who do not qualify from accessing classrooms.
Assimilation of Radar Reflectivity via a Full-Hydrometeor Assimilation Scheme Based on the WSM6 Microphysics Scheme in WRF 4D-Var
Authors: Yang Sen , Li Deqin , Huang Xiang-yu , Liu Zhiquan , Pan Xiao , Duan Yunxia
Published: March 2024

The microphysical parameterization scheme employed in four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) plays an important role in the assimilation of humidity and cloud-sensitive observations. In this study, a newly developed full-hydrometeor assimilation scheme, integrating warm-rain and cold-cloud processes, has been implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) 4D-Var system. This scheme is based on the WRF single-moment 6-class microphysics scheme (WSM6). Its primary objective is to directly assimilate radar reflectivity observations, with the goal of evaluating its effects on model initialization and subsequent forecasting performance. Four assimilation experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the full-hydrometeor assimilation scheme against the warm-rain assimilation scheme. These experiments also investigated reflectivity assimilation using both indirect and direct methods. We found that the nonlinearity of the radar operator in the two direct reflectivity assimilation experiments requires more iterations for cost function reduction than in the indirect assimilation method. The hydrometeor fields were reasonably analyzed using the full-hydrometeor assimilation scheme, particularly improving the simulation of ice-phase hydrometeors and reflectivity above the melting layer. The assimilation of radar reflectivity led to improvements in short-term (0–3 h) precipitation forecasting with the full-hydrometeor assimilation scheme. Assimilation experiments across multiple case studies reaffirmed that assimilating radar reflectivity observations with the full-hydrometeor assimilation scheme accelerated model spinup and yielded enhancements in 0–3-h total accumulate precipitation forecasts for a range of precipitation thresholds.
Structural and nonlinear J-integral fracture toughness for nanoclay toughened ternary HDPE/LDPE-g-MA/ABS blend nanocomposites
Authors: Albdiry Mushtaq
Published: March 2024

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a higher strength-to-density ratio and stiffness but a low branching degree for the packed linear chains that restrict the ability to bond and resist cracking. This study conducts the role of inserting rigid nanoclay (NC) and soft acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) on the structural, nonlinear fracture toughness and crack resistance of a ternary HDPE/low-density polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydrite (LDPE-g-MA)/ABS blend. Varying additions of 1, 3, 5, and 7 % NC and 5, 10, 15 wt. % ABS were inserted into neat HDPE and HDPE90/LDPE-g-MA10. All materials were hand-mixed before feeding into a single screw extruder and directly melt-blended twice to achieve a good dispersion of nanofiller in the matrix. The structural characteristics and the fracture surfaces of NC/HDPE/LDPE-g-MA and NC/HDPE/LDPE-g-MA/ABS were investigated by TEM, XRD, SEM, and FTIR spectra. Tensile strength and the critical dissipated energy (JIc) determined by quasi-static J-integral fracture mechanic revealed a higher absorbing fracture energy of 75 KJ/m2 for the binary and 85 KJ/m2 for the ternary nanocomposites. The synergistic percolated role of the NC particles and ABS copolymer in front of the crack tip region hinders crack growth for the presence of micro-void coalescence and massive shear-yielding toughening mechanisms.
Transcendence, faith and poetry: towards an ontology of the Spirit
Authors: Keeling Michael
Published: March 2024

Our current understanding of the evolution of the cosmos and the place in it of Homo sapiens requires a reassessment of transcendence and in particular of the Christian faith and the importance of the Spirit of God, leading to a revised view of theology as being primarily a form of poetry about human experience of transcendence, open to ambiguity, contradiction and imagination, rather than credal certainty.
Crystallized Trans Identity: How Authenticity and Identity Communication Affect Job and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Baumler Rebecca J. , Piercy Cameron W.
Published: March 2024

This study analyzes survey data from 206 trans workers to test the premises of crystallized self theory by exploring how perceived authenticity and identity communication (i.e., explicit outness, implicit outness, and covering) relate to job and life satisfaction. Perceived authenticity was positively related to explicit outness (overt communication sharing trans identity) and implicit outness (advocacy for trans issues), and negatively to covering (communication distancing from trans identity). Further, in the structural equation model, explicit outness was positively related to job and life satisfaction, covering was negatively related to job satisfaction, and implicit outness had a negative relationship with life satisfaction. Finally, indirect effects between perceived authenticity and life satisfaction via explicit outness and perceived authenticity and job satisfaction via covering reveal the nuance of crystallization. Findings support and reveal tension in the crystallized self, offer practical implications and demonstrate the importance of workplaces better supporting trans individuals.
Exponential finite-time circle formation of multi-agent systems and its application in circle containment
Authors: Zhu Xiaolin , Liu Huiyang
Published: March 2024

This paper studies the exponential finite-time formation problems for a group of locomotive agents that maintain order on a circle. In an ideal environment, that is, without external disturbances, a combined protocol with linear continuous-time states and their nonlinear continuous functions is proposed. Each agent can adjust the movement speed itself by changing the exponent of the nonlinear function. The obtained closed-loop system will converge with an exponential speed when the initial states of the agents are far from the target location, and with a finite-time speed nearby. For the case with external disturbances, a combined protocol with linear continuous-time states and their sign functions is presented. Due to the discontinuity of the sign functions, the Filippov solutions are employed. The exponential finite-time circle formation will be achieved even in the existence of external disturbances. Moreover, the above result is extended to the application in circle containment, where the defenders will form a circle formation to surround the swarm of protectees. Finally, several computational simulations illustrate the validity of the proposed protocols.
Finite-time control for input-saturated system based on event-triggered strategy
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhang Zhiqiang , Jiang Yuqi
Published: March 2024

For systems with higher control accuracy requirements, the requirements for convergence time are also higher, such as requiring the system to maintain stability in a finite time. This paper studies the finite-time control for input-saturated system based on the event-triggered strategy and the parametric Lyapunov equation. A finite-time state feedback controller and a finite-time output feedback controller are designed by introducing a time-varying parameter which can be obtained by solving a differential equation. The proposed methods make the closed-loop system stable in finite time and save the system resources. The designed controller overcomes the problem of slow convergence speed caused by low-gain feedback control. The numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
An Analysis of Questions from Teachers' Online Groups: Turning the Lens Back to Teacher Education
Authors: Friedrich Daniel , Shanahan James
Published: March 2024

Background or Context:

During the first months of the COVID pandemic, teachers were forced to move to online instruction without the appropriate resources. They resorted to social media to gather expertise and ideas. This study is grounded in an analysis of the questions posed by K–12 teachers on popular Facebook groups.

Purpose, Objective, Research Question, or Focus of Study:

The authors argue that a close analysis of what K–12 educators are asking and wondering about in online teacher groups at a moment in which much of what they know and trust has been disrupted can be generative as a novel feedback loop to engage in conversations about some common practices in teacher education. Specifically, they ask: How can an analysis of questions posed by educators on public Facebook groups in the early pandemic enter into a productive conversation with teacher education programs beyond the specificities of that context?

Research Design:

The study performs a thematic analysis based on categories that were inductively coded from 752 questions posed between March and June 2020 by educators in the three most popular public Facebook groups dedicated exclusively to K–12 teaching during the pandemic. The goal is to consider the underlying assumptions and ideas embedded in the questions being asked in these groups, and to place them within the context of the authors’ political understandings of the role of teacher education.

Conclusions or Recommendations:

Four themes emerged from the analysis: an expanding notion of community, tensions in the understandings of “context,” new positionings of expertise, and a questioning of what counts as legitimate schooling. The themes led to a need for teacher education programs to always consider their students’ professional identities as collectively constructed and to find ways to disrupt universal models of the mind. The authors also invite programs to rethink the location of expertise by taking into account the practices that young teachers are already engaged in when seeking professional knowledge. This opening could potentially lead to perhaps the hardest thing to do within teacher education programs: to provide the conditions to reimagine schooling.
Implementing Longitudinal Wellbeing Interventions and Evaluation Among Midwestern Healthcare Workers During COVID-19
Authors: Lally Robin M. , Schmidt Rachael , Kupzyk Kevin , Wengel Steven P. , Cordts Katrina Poppert , Mills Adam C. , Richards Sarah E.
Published: March 2024

Background:

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers throughout the world has been reported, but most studies have been cross-sectional and excluded the Midwestern U.S. healthcare workforce.

Objective:

This study aimed to longitudinally assess the psychological wellbeing and wellness strategies used by a Midwestern academic health system’s workforce at multiple points throughout waves of the COVID-19 pandemic to inform ongoing implementation of appropriate wellness activities.

Methods:

An anonymous REDCap survey linked within our team-developed wellness education was posted in the employee online newsletter in April (T1), July (T2), October 2020 (T3), and May 2021 (T4). Surveys were open to all employees (approx. 9000) for approximately 12 days at each time point. Anxiety, depressive symptoms, stress, self-efficacy, and self-care activities were assessed. Following each data collection, team members discussed findings and planned wellness education implementation.

Results:

Response ranged from n = 731 (T1) to n = 172 (T4). Moderate to severe stress was reported by 29.5% ( n = 203) of respondents at T1 and 34.0% ( n = 108) at T2. At T3, all psychological symptoms significantly increased ( p < .001) as COVID-19 surged, with 48.5% ( n = 141) of respondents reporting moderate to severe stress. At T4, stress significantly declined ( p < .001). Exercise was the most frequently reported coping strategy.

Conclusions:

Mental health symptoms reported by a Midwestern healthcare workforce increased during surges of COVID-19 hospitalizations. Individuals in non-patient contact roles experienced symptom levels similar to and at times with greater severity than healthcare personnel with patient contact roles.
Management of cancer treatment–induced bone loss in patients with breast and hormone sensitive prostate cancer: AIOM survey
Authors: Valsecchi Anna Amela , Fusco Vittorio , Di Maio Massimo , Santini Daniele , Tucci Marcello , De Giorgi Ugo , Dionisio Rossana , Vignani Francesca , Cinieri Saverio
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

Cancer treatment–induced bone loss is a side effect of hormonal therapy that can severely affect patients' quality of life. The aim of this survey was to obtain an updated picture of management of bone health in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant hormonal therapy and in patients with hormone sensitive prostate cancer according to Italian oncologists.

Methods:

Our survey was made up of 21 multiple-choice questions: the first part dealt with the respondents’ characteristics, while the second with management of bone health in the described setting. An invitation to complete the survey was sent by e-mail to 2336 oncologists, members of Italian Association of Medical Oncology, in October 2022.

Results:

Overall, 121 (5.2%) Italian oncologists completed the survey. In most cases (57%) the oncologist personally took charge of the management of bone health in patients at risk for cancer treatment–induced bone loss. At the beginning of hormonal therapy, most respondents reported to require bone health diagnostic exams, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (89%), repeated with different timing. Main reported reasons (not mutually exclusive) for prescribing antiresorptive drugs were modifying fracture risk (87%), densitometry values (75%) or prognosis (34%). Answers about the management of antiresorptive therapy were heterogeneous.

Conclusion:

A heterogeneous approach on the management of cancer treatment–induced bone loss in Italy arises from this survey. This scenario highlights the need for a major consensus of the Italian scientific community on the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of cancer treatment–induced bone loss and for a greater awareness of this topic among Italian oncologists.