bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of human neutrophil Fcγ receptor IIa by C5a receptor promotes inflammatory arthritis in mice
Authors: Tsuboi Naotake , Ernandez Thomas , Li Xun , Nishi Hiroshi , Cullere Xavier , Mekala Divya , Hazen Melissa , Köhl Jörg , Lee David M. , Mayadas Tanya N.
Published: November 2010

Objective

Rheumatoid arthritis culminates in joint destruction that, in mouse models of disease, is supported by innate immune molecules, including Fcγ receptors (FcγR) and complement. However, these findings may not be predictive of the outcome in humans, given the structural differences between murine and human activating FcγR on neutrophils, a prominent component of joint exudates. The aim of this study was to examine the role of human neutrophil FcγRIIa in the development of arthritis and probe the underlying mechanism by which FcγRIIa initiates disease.

Methods

K/BxN mouse serum transfer–induced arthritis was examined in mice expressing human FcγRIIa on neutrophils but lacking their own activating FcγR (γ‐chain–deficient mice). The role of mast cells, complement (C3 and C5a), and CD18 integrins in FcγRIIa‐initiated disease was examined using cell reconstitution approaches, inhibitors, and functional blocking antibodies, respectively. Crosstalk between the complement receptor C5aR and FcγRIIa on neutrophils was evaluated in vitro.

Results

The expression of human FcγRIIa on neutrophils was sufficient to restore susceptibility to K/BxN serum–induced neutrophil recruitment, synovitis, and bone destruction in γ‐chain–deficient mice. Joint inflammation was robust and proceeded even in the absence of mast cells and vascular permeability, features shown to contribute to disease in wild‐type mice. Neutrophil recruitment was dependent on the presence of a CD18 integrin, lymphocyte function–associated antigen 1, and C5aR. In addition, C5aR significantly enhanced FcγRIIa‐mediated phagocytosis and oxidative burst in vitro.

Conclusion

Human and murine activating FcγR on neutrophils are not functionally equivalent, and in humans, they may play a primary role in arthritis. Crosstalk between neutrophil C5aR and FcγRIIa is essential for disease progression, thus highlighting a new aspect of complement during the effector phase of inflammatory arthritis.
Elimination of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds in fungal biofilters: Reducing start‐up time using different carbon sources
Authors: Vergara‐Fernández Alberto , Hernández Sergio , Revah Sergio
Published: November 2010

Fungal biofilters have been recently studied as an alternative to the bacterial systems for the elimination of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOC). Fungi foster reduced transport limitation of hydrophobic VOCs due to their hydrophobic surface and extended gas exchange area associated to the hyphal growth. Nevertheless, one of their principal drawbacks is their slow growth, which is critical in the start‐up of fungal biofilters. This work compares the use of different carbon sources (glycerol, 1‐hexanol, wheat bran, and n‐hexane) to reduce the start‐up period and sustain high n‐hexane elimination capacities (EC) in biofilters inoculated with Fusarium solani. Four parallel experiments were performed with the different media and the EC, the n‐hexane partition coefficient, the biomass production and the specific consumption rate were evaluated. Biofilters were operated with a residence time of 1.3 min and an inlet n‐hexane load of 325 g m−3reactor h−1. The time to attain maximum EC once gaseous n‐hexane was fed was reduced in the three experiments with alternate substrates, as compared to the 36 days needed with the control where only n‐hexane was added. The shortest adaptation period was 7 days when wheat bran was initially used obtaining a maximum EC of 160 g m−3reactor h−1 and a critical load of 55 g m−3reactor h−1. The results were also consistent with the pressure drop, the amount of biomass produced and its affinity for the gaseous n‐hexane, as represented by its partition coefficient. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:758–765. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computer‐aided teaching of state‐variable formulation for LTI circuits
Authors: Bachiller‐Soler Alfonso , Rosendo‐Macías José A. , Gómez‐Expósito Antonio
Published: November 2010

The state‐variable formulation is the most widely used approach for the transient analysis of dynamic circuits. This paper illustrates the use of the Matlab environment to obtain the state‐variable equations of LTI circuits for educational purposes. The system of equations is obtained by systematically formulating and rearranging the cut‐set equations associated with the so‐called proper tree. The setup developed in this paper is intended for a basic course on Linear Circuit Theory, which is mandatory in any Electrical Engineering curriculum, but it could be adapted to any other Engineering course involving first‐order differential equations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 627–635, 2013
Tri‐ and Tetraurea Piperazine Cyclophanes: Synthesis and Complexation Studies of Preorganized and Folded Receptor Molecules
Authors: Raatikainen Kari , Beyeh N. Kodiah , Rissanen Kari
Published: November 2010

A series of symmetrical tri‐ and tetramericN‐ethyl‐ andN‐phenylurea‐functionalized cyclophanes have been prepared in nearly quantitative yields (86–99 %) from the corresponding tri‐ and tetraamino‐functionalized piperazine cyclophanes and ethyl or phenyl isocyanates. Their conformational and complexation properties have been studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, variable‐temperature NMR spectroscopy, and ESI‐MS analysis. The rigid 27‐membered trimeric cyclophane skeleton assisted by a seam of intramolecular hydrogen bonds results in a preorganized ditopic recognition site with an all‐synconformation of the urea moieties that, complemented by a lipophilic cavity of the cyclophane, binds molecular and ionic guests as well as ion pairs. The all‐synconformation persists in acidic conditions and the triprotonated triurea cyclophane binds an unprecedented anion pair, H2PO4−⋅⋅⋅HPO42−, in the solid state. The tetra‐N‐ethylurea cyclophane is less rigid and demonstrates an induced‐fit recognition of diisopropyl ether in the solid state. The guest was encapsulated within the lipophilic interior of a quasicapsule, formed by intramolecular hydrogen‐bond‐driven folding of the 36‐membered cyclophane skeleton. In the gas phase, the essential role of the urea moieties in the binding was demonstrated by the formation of monomeric 1:1 complexes with K+, TMA+, and TMP+as well as the ion‐pair complexes [KI+K]+, [TMABr+TMA]+and [TMPBr+TMP]+. In the positive‐mode ESI‐MS analysis, ion‐pair binding was found to be more pronounced with the larger tetraurea cyclophanes. In the negative mode, owing to the large size of the binding site, a general binding preference towards larger anions, such as the iodide, over smaller anions, such as the fluoride, was observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydriodic Acid‐Mediated Cyclization of α‐Substituted Secondary 2‐Ethenylbenzamides: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 2,3‐Dihydro‐3,3‐dimethyl‐1H‐isoindol‐1‐ones and 3,3‐Disubstituted (E)‐1‐(Arylimino)‐1,3‐dihydroisobenzofurans.
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Fujita Seiki , Nakai Daisuke , Fukumoto Shogo , Fukamachi Shuhei , Konishi Hisatoshi
Published: November 2010

A new and facile method for the preparation of substituted isoindolones and benzofurans is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicentral Oxidation of Nitrosolic Acids: Synthesis of 1,1‐Dinitroalkanes.
Authors: Sheremetev Aleksei B. , Aleksandrova Natal'ya S. , Suponitsky Kyrill Yu.
Published: November 2010

A simple and efficient method for the oxidative synthesis of gem‐dinitro‐alkanes starting from gem‐dinitroso compounds is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: New Chiral Hypervalent Iodine(V) Compounds as Stoichiometric Oxidants.
Authors: Altermann Sabine M. , Schaefer Sascha , Wirth Thomas
Published: November 2010

New hypervalent iodine(V) compounds are prepared by oxidation of iodoarenes with dimethyldioxirane.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Sulfides and β‐Hydroxy Sulfoxides Catalyzed by Cu/MgO under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Balasubramanyam Penagaluri , Krishnaiah Maddeboina , Veeranjaneyulu Boyapati , Sudhakar Dega
Published: November 2010

The ring‐opening reaction of epoxides with thiols proceeds regio‐, stereo‐, and chemoselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Bismuth Compounds in Organic Synthesis: Synthesis of Dioxanes, Dioxepines, and Dioxolanes Catalyzed by Bismuth(III) Triflate.
Authors: Podgorski Daniel M. , Krabbe Scott W. , Le Long N. , Sierszulski Paul R. , Mohan Ram S.
Published: November 2010

A simple procedure is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Chemoselective Zincation of Sensitive and Moderately Activated Aromatics and Heteroaromatics Using TMPZnCl·LiCl.
Authors: Bresser Tomke , Mosrin Marc , Monzon Gabriel , Knochel Paul
Published: November 2010

Under conditions A), sensitive and moderately activated aromatics and heteroaromatics undergo regio‐ and chemoselective zincation.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Fused 4H‐Pyran Systems.
Authors: Bayat Mohammad , Shiraz Nader Zabarjad , Asayesh Soheila Shafei
Published: November 2010

The three‐component reaction of CH‐acids in the presence of electron‐deficient acetylenic esters and alkyl isocyanides provides a simple entry into the synthesis of 4H‐pyran annulated systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Asymmetric Peroxides: Transition Metal (Cu, Fe, Mn, Co) Catalyzed Peroxidation of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide.
Authors: Terent'ev Alexander O. , Borisov Dmitry A. , Yaremenko Ivan A. , Chernyshev Vladimir V. , Nikishin Gennady I.
Published: November 2010

The title reaction provides a convenient and selective approach to α‐peroxidated derivatives such as (III), (V), (VII), and (XI), which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Friedel—Crafts Arylation Reactions of N‐Sulfonyl Aldimines or Sulfonamidesulfones with Electron‐Rich Arenes Catalyzed by FeCl3·6H2O: Synthesis of Triarylmethanes and Bis‐heteroarylarylmethanes.
Authors: Thirupathi Ponnaboina , Kim Sung Soo
Published: November 2010

Sulfonyl aldimines and sulfonamidesulfones undergo convenient arylation with electron‐rich arenes and heteroarenes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Highly Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles and N‐Bridgehead Pyrroles by Zinc‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction.
Authors: Liu Xiao‐tao , Hao Lu , Lin Min , Chen Li , Zhang Zhuang‐ping
Published: November 2010

A convenient zinc(II) chloride‐catalyzed regioselective propargylation—amination—cycloisomerization process is developed for the synthesis of substituted pyrrole derivatives from propargylic acetates, enoxysilanes and primary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: CuBr‐Catalyzed Selective Oxidation of N‐Azomethine: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Methine‐Bridged Bisindole Compounds.
Authors: Yang Jianguo , Wang Zhijing , Pan Fuyou , Li Yongmin , Bao Weiliang
Published: November 2010

Various N‐benzyl amines (II) undergo oxidative cross‐dehydrogenative‐coupling reactions with indoles mediated by tert‐butyl hydroperoxide affording methine‐bridged bis‐indole derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Microwave Irradiation Enhanced Stereoselective Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Indolylchalcones and Their Pyrazoline Analogues.
Authors: Zahran Magdy A. H. , Salama Hanan F. , Abdin Yasmin G. , Gamal‐Eldeen Amira M.
Published: November 2010

The cytotoxicity of all synthesized compounds (III) and (V) against human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep‐G2) is tested.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Ammonium Betaines as Ionic Nucleophilic Catalysts.
Authors: Uraguchi Daisuke , Koshimoto Kyohei , Miyake Shuhei , Ooi Takashi
Published: November 2010

Chiral betaine NAB is a highly enantioselective catalyst for the Steglich rearrangement of oxazolyl trichloroethyl carbonates (I) providing oxazolones bearing a quaternary stereogenic carbon atom.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Regiospecific Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐1H‐benzotriazoles via Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction.
Authors: Liu Qi‐Lun , Wen Di‐Di , Hang Chen‐Chen , Li Qiu‐Lian , Zhu Yong‐Ming
Published: November 2010

The synthesis is regiospecific and functional group‐tolerant.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Reactions of Furan‐2,3‐diones: Synthesis and Characterizations of Furo[3,2‐c]pyran‐4‐ones.
Authors: Koca Irfan , Yildirim Ismail , Sahin Ertan
Published: November 2010

Compounds (III), which possess natural‐product skeleton, are synthesized via a simple one‐pot three‐component reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Features of the Aminomethylation of 7‐Hydroxy‐4′‐fluoroisoflavones with Primary Amines.
Authors: Bondarenko S. P. , Frasinyuk M. S. , Khilya V. P.
Published: November 2010

The behavior of flavones (I) under Mannich reaction conditions is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: An Electron‐Rich Proazaphosphatrane for Isocyanate Trimerization to Isocyanurates.
Authors: Raders Steven M. , Verkade John G.
Published: November 2010

BAAP is an efficient catalyst for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Polyhalogenoalkyl‐Containing Phosphonates with an Enaminone Core and Their Use in the Preparation of Fluorinated Heterocycles.
Authors: Tarasenko Karen V. , Manoylenko Olga V. , Kukhar Valery P. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker , Gerus Igor I.
Published: November 2010

Scope and limitation concerning the reaction of readily prepared ketones (IV) with triethyl phosphite is investigated, resulting in an efficient synthesis of phosphonates (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Aplysiols C—E, Brominated Triterpene Polyethers from the Marine Alga Chondria armata and a Revision of the Structure of Aplysiol B.
Authors: Ola Antonius R. B. , Babey Anna‐Marie , Motti Cherie , Bowden Bruce F.
Published: November 2010

The isolation and investigation of the title compounds (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic) reveal that the stereochemistry of aplysiol B (Id) has to be revised at C‐15 and C‐19.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of ent‐Heliespirones A and C.
Authors: Huang Chong , Liu Bo
Published: November 2010

ent‐Heliespirones A (VI) and C (VII) are prepared via a diastereoselective addition of boronic acid (III) to unsaturated lactone (II) and a biomimetic intramolecular oxaspirocyclization of quinone (V) as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Parallel Solution‐Phase Synthesis of (2S,4E)‐4‐(Arylaminomethylidene)pyroglutamic Acids.
Authors: Svete Jurij , Groselj Uros , Baskovc Jernej , Dahmann Georg , Stanovnik Branko
Published: November 2010

An easy access to a small library of derivatives (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation of New Fuzanins, Carbamate‐Containing Natural Products, from Kitasatospora sp. IFM10917.
Authors: Maekawa Kazuya , Toume Kazufumi , Ishibashi Masami
Published: November 2010

The 5 new fuzanins E‐J (I) and (II), carbamate‐containing natural products, show no inhibition of Wnt signal transcription activity or antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis.
ChemInform Abstract: Aranciamycin Anhydride, a New Anthracycline‐Type Antibiotic Isolated from Streptomyces sp. TUE 6384.
Authors: Nachtigall Jonny , Schulz Dirk , Beil Winfried , Suessmuth Roderich D. , Fiedler Hans‐Peter
Published: November 2010

The new anthracycline‐type antibiotic aranciamycin anhydride (I) shows weak antibacterial activity only against Bacillus subtilis.
ChemInform Abstract: Flaviogeranin, a New Neuroprotective Compound from Streptomyces sp.
Authors: Hayakawa Yoichi , Yamazaki Yumi , Kurita Maki , Kawasaki Takashi , Takagi Motoki , Shin‐ya Kazuo
Published: November 2010

Flaviogeranin (I) is isolated from Streptomyces sp.
ChemInform Abstract: Research Progress in Microwave Property and Preparation of Barium Hexaferrite
Authors: Chen Yu‐wei , Deng Min , Xiong Guo‐xuan
Published: November 2010

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Lanthanide‐Containing Polyoxotungstates
Authors: Bassil Bassem S. , Kortz Ulrich
Published: November 2010

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: ′Heterogreeneous Chemistry′
Authors: Jacobsen Heiko
Published: November 2010

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐Phase Fermentation: Aerobic and Anaerobic
Authors: Bigelis Ramunas
Published: November 2010

Review: 157 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Antibiotic Discovery in the Twenty‐First Century: Current Trends and Future Perspectives
Authors: Donadio Stefano , Maffioli Sonia , Monciardini Paolo , Sosio Margherita , Jabes Daniela
Published: November 2010

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biosynthesis of Rapamycin and Its Regulation: Past Achievements and Recent Progress
Authors: Park Sung Ryeol , Yoo Young Ji , Ban Yeon‐Hee , Yoon Yeo Joon
Published: November 2010

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Peptide and Protein‐Based Materials in Bionanotechnology
Authors: de la Rica Roberto , Matsui Hiroshi
Published: November 2010

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stochastic Aspects of Asymmetric Autocatalysis and Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Barabas B. , Toth J. , Palyi G.
Published: November 2010

Review: 161 refs.
Solvent‐induced chirality control in the enantioseparation of 1‐phenylethylamine via diastereomeric salt formation
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Kimura Yuria , Shitara Hiroaki , Yasutake Mikio , Sakurai Rumiko , Hirose Takuji
Published: November 2010

Solvent‐induced chirality control in the enantioseparation of 1‐phenylethylamine 1 by N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)‐(S)‐phenylalanine 2 via diastereomeric salt formation was studied. (S)‐1·(S)‐2 was preferentially crystallized as a less‐soluble salt from aqueous alcohol, while (R)‐1·(S)‐2 salt was mainly obtained by addition of solvents with a six‐membered ring such as dioxane, cyclohexane, tetrahydropyran, and cyclohexene to 2‐propanol. Further investigations were carried out from the viewpoints of molecular structures, optical rotation measurement, and X‐ray crystallographic analyses. Crystallographic analyses have revealed that incorporation of the six‐membered ring solvent molecule in (R)‐1·(S)‐2 without hydrogen bonds changed the molecular conformation of (S)‐2 to stabilize the salt, which changed the selectivity of 1 in the enantioseparation. Chirality, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Monte Carlo method for assessing color rendering quality with possible application to color rendering standards
Authors: Whitehead Lorne A. , Mossman Michele A.
Published: November 2010

The lighting industry has been increasingly challenged to reduce electrical energy consumption while providing illumination with sufficient color rendering quality. As a result, the problem of accurately assessing color rendering quality has gained increased prominence and the introduction of efficient narrow band light emitting diode (LED) sources has further intensified the debate. This study argues that there is a basic problem with the traditional method of quantifying color quality color rendering index (CRI), one that cannot be solved through minor improvements. The CRI relies on a determination of the degree of color distortion that a test source produces for a small number of test samples of specified spectral reflectance distribution, but there is no clear objective rationale for selecting these few samples. Also, any such arbitrary scoring scheme lacks an objective argument for what constitutes an acceptable score. This study proposes a new method for color rendering assessment that determines the color shift of one thousand, or more, representative reflection spectra that span the full multidimensional range of possible spectral distributions and colors. This broad sampling eliminates the intrinsic selection bias of the CRI calculation and its variants and it is compatible with a more objective standard for a color quality score, one that is statistically based on the fraction of the test spectra that experience color shifts that are less than a just noticeable difference (JND), or an agreed upon multiple of it. Since the concept of JNDs in color has been reproducibly quantified, it is hoped that this approach will be widely acceptable. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012
Reversible Carrier‐Type Transitions in Gas‐Sensing Oxides and Nanostructures
Authors: Arulsamy Andrew D. , Eleršič Kristina , Modic Martina , Cvelbar Uroš , Mozetič Miran
Published: November 2010

Despite many important applications of α‐Fe2O3 and Fe doped SnO2 in semiconductors, catalysis, sensors, clinical diagnosis and treatments, one fundamental issue that is crucial to these applications remains theoretically equivocal—the reversible carrier‐type transition between n‐ and p‐type conductivities during gas‐sensing operations. Herein, we present an unambiguous and rigorous theoretical analysis in order to explain why and how the oxygen vacancies affect the n‐type semiconductors α‐Fe2O3 and Fe‐doped SnO2, in which they are both electronically and chemically transformed into a p‐type semiconductor. Furthermore, this reversible transition also occurs on the oxide surfaces during gas‐sensing operation due to physisorbed gas molecules (without any chemical reaction). We make use of the ionization energy theory and its renormalized ionic displacement polarizability functional to reclassify, generalize and explain the concept of carrier‐type transition in solids, and during gas‐sensing operation. The origin of such a transition is associated with the change in ionic polarizability and the valence states of cations in the presence of oxygen vacancies and physisorped gas molecules.
Equilibrium coefficients of co‐crystallization of M2+ ions with MgSeO4·6H2O and their dependences on various physicochemical factors
Authors: Smolik M. , Kowalik A.
Published: November 2010

Equilibrium co‐crystallization coefficients of low amounts of M2+ions (M2+ = {Ni2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cd2+}) with MgSeO4·6H2O at 25 °C have been determined. Their values are comprised in the range: 0.058 (for Cd) < keq < 1.57 (for Co) and depend on some physicochemical and crystal chemical properties of both: co‐crystallizing salts (MSeO4·nH2O) and co‐crystallizing ions (M2+). These dependences are sometimes such strong, that they make it possible to derive simple formulae permitting estimation of keq coefficients at average error not exceeding 17%. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis and Characterization of Hierarchically Structured La2O2M@C:Eu3+ (M = S, Se) Microflowers by a Single‐Step RAPET Method
Authors: Kalai Selvan Ramakrishnan , Gedanken Aharon
Published: November 2010

Hierarchically structured La2O2M@C:Eu3+ (M = S, Se) microflowers have been successfully prepared by a facile one‐pot synthesis at a low temperature of 950 °C by the reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature (RAPET) technique. The X‐ray diffraction patterns reveal the single‐phase formation of hexagonally structured La2O2M and La2O2M:Eu3+ (M = S, Se) microstructures. The optimization of reaction parameters, such as temperature and the molar concentrations of the precursors, for the preparation ofmonophasic La2O2M was evaluated by XRD measurements. Raman spectroscopy measurements allowed for the elucidation of the formation of La2O2M (M = S, Se) through examination of the active vibrational modes, and also proved the presence of carbon in the compounds. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and TEM images clearly show the micron‐sized rose‐like morphology, as well as the nanoflake‐like structure of the final products. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images reveal well‐defined lattice fringes indicating the highly crystalline nature of the products. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern indicates the single‐ and polycrystalline nature of the products. The optical properties of the materials have been studied by UV/Vis spectroscopy.
New Chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)iridium(III) Complexes with N6‐Substituted Adenines – Kinetic N(7) versus Thermodynamic N(9) Coordinated Adenine Isomers
Authors: García‐Raso Angel , Fiol Juan J. , Albertí Francisca M. , Lagos Yolanda , Torres Marta , Barceló‐Oliver Miquel , Prieto María J. , Moreno Virtudes , Mata Ignasi , Molins Elies , Estarellas Carolina , Frontera Antonio , Quiñonero David , Deyà Pere M.
Published: November 2010

New chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)iridium(III) complexes with N6‐substituted adenine derivatives: [IrIIICl4(DMSO‐κS){H‐AdeCx–κN(7)}]·nH2O [x = 3, n = 3 for 1; x = 4, n = 0.5 and 3 for 2a and 2b, respectively; x = 5, n = 0 for 3; x = 10, n = 0.33 for 4] and [IrIIICl4(DMSO‐κS){H‐AdeCx–κN(9)}] [x = 3 for 5; x = 4 for 6, x = 5 for 7; x = 10 for 8] have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies (1, 2b and 5). In all cases, iridium shows octahedral geometry and is coordinated to four chlorido ligands and one S atom from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO‐κS). The coordination sphere of the metal is completed by the N6‐substituted adenine molecule. Two different coordination modes are observed: (i) the ligand is protonated at N(1) and coordinated through N(7) (complexes 1–4); (ii) the adenine is protonated at N(3) and coordinated through N(9) (complexes 5–8). The kinetic/thermodynamic mechanisms that yield the different coordination products have been studied by using DFT calculations. Electrophoretic mobility studies and atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation of the interaction between complexes 1, 5, 8 and plasmid pBR322 DNA have been performed.
Macrocyclisation of Macrodiolide with Dimethylaluminium Methaneselenolate
Authors: Shen Liu‐Lan , Mun Han‐Seo , Jeong Jin‐Hyun
Published: November 2010

Dimethylaluminium methaneselenolate (Me2AlSeMe, 1) acts as an acyl transfer agent for esterification. In cases of direct macrolactonisation (n = 10–12), this selenium–aluminium complex preferentially creates symmetric macrodiolides rather than macrolides. The factors determining macrodilactonisation were investigated and applied toward the total synthesis of norpyrenophorin, which result in a macrodilactonisation yield of 64 %.
The Absolute Configuration of Dibromopalau'amine
Authors: Reinscheid Uwe M. , Köck Matthias , Cychon Christine , Schmidts Volker , Thiele Christina M. , Griesinger Christian
Published: November 2010

We determined the ensemble of conformations and therelative configuration of dibromopalau'amine by using NMR parameters such as 3J couplings, ROEs and residual dipolar couplings. Based on the ensemble electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) spectra were calculated using DFT and compared to experiment. By this method the absolute configuration of natural (–)‐dibromopalau'amine was determined as 6S,10R,11S,12S,16R,17S,18S,20S.
Metal removal efficiency and ecotoxicological assessment of field-scale passive treatment biochemical reactors
Authors: Butler Barbara A , Smith Mark E , Reisman David J , Lazorchak James M
Published: November 2010

Anaerobic biochemical reactors (BCRs) are useful for removing metals from mining-impacted water at remote sites. Removal processes include sorption and precipitation of metal sulfides, carbonates, and hydroxides. A question of interest is whether BCRs remove aquatic toxicity. Influent and effluent samples from the Luttrell Repository and Peerless Jenny King, both in Montana, USA; Park City, Utah, USA; and Standard Mine, Colorado, USA, were examined and compared for removal of metals and aquatic toxicity. Effluent samples from Standard Mine included those having solely BCR treatment and those having BCR treatment followed by aeration in a polishing cell. Metal removal for all sites was >90%. All influent samples were acutely toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Pimephales promelas; toxicity was removed following treatment, except in the Luttrell Repository and Standard Mine BCR samples. Laboratory aeration of undiluted samples eliminated (Standard Mine BCR) or significantly reduced (Luttrell Repository, 65% survival) acute toxicity, most likely through removal of hydrogen sulfide. A toxicity identification evaluation suggested that metals also might be contributing to toxicity in the Luttrell Repository effluent samples; metals other than Mn were either not detected or very low (Fe and Pb) in the Standard Mine BCR samples. Field-aerated samples were not acutely toxic, and only the Luttrell Repository and Standard Mine samples showed short-term subchronic toxicity. Overall, results indicated BCR treatment had high metal removal efficiency and that inclusion of in-field aeration was beneficial in removal of acute and short-term subchronic toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:385–392. © 2010 SETAC
A randomized clinical trial of a writing workshop intervention to improve autobiographical memory and well‐being in older adults
Authors: de Medeiros Kate , Mosby Amanda , Hanley Kathryn B. , Pedraza Maria Suarez , Brandt Jason
Published: November 2010

Background

Despite much research on methods to improve new learning and memory in old age, there is virtually no literature on the improvement of autobiographical memory (AM). The present study assessed the effectiveness of a structured autobiographical writing workshop for improving AM, mood and self‐concept in older adults.

Methods

Fifty‐one nondemented older adults (67–96 years) participated. AM was assessed with the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) and the Remote Memory Word Association Task (RMWAT). After completing baseline (BL) testing, participants were randomized to a structured autobiographical writing workshop, a reminiscence group (active control condition) or a no‐treatment control group. Follow‐up testing was completed at 8 and 34 weeks after BL.

Results

Repeated measures ANOVAs failed to reveal a group‐by‐time interaction for any of the autobiographical memory (AM) measures. Across groups, there was a decrease in number of mid‐ and late‐life events reported (on the AMI), and memories tended to be less detailed (on the RMWAT) although more pleasant memories were reported with repeated testing. Mood remained unchanged; ratings of self‐concept improved across all groups.

Conclusions

This is the first study of its kind to use a randomized group design to test an intervention for AM in older adults. In general, our specific intervention was ineffective for increasing recall from one's life story, mood or self‐concept. Methodological limitations and suggestions for future investigation are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Altered functional adaptation to attention and working memory tasks with increasing complexity in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Amann Michael , Dössegger Lea Sybil , Penner Iris‐Katharina , Hirsch Jochen Gunther , Raselli Carla , Calabrese Pasquale , Weier Katrin , Radü Ernst‐Wilhelm , Kappos Ludwig , Gass Achim
Published: November 2010

As attention, processing speed, and working memory seem to be fundamental for a broad range of cognitive performance, the present study on patients with mild forms of relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RR‐MS) focused on these domains. To explore subtle neuropsychological changes in either the clinical or fMRI domain, we applied a multistep experimental design with increasing task complexity to investigate global brain activity, functional adaptation, and behavioral responses to typical cognitive processes related to attention and working memory. Fifteen patients with RR‐MS (mean age 38 years, 22–49 years, 9 females, mean disease duration 5.9 years (SD = 3.6 years), mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score, 2.3 (SD = 1.3) but without reported cognitive impairment), and 15 age‐matched healthy controls (HC; mean age, 34 years, 23–50 years, 6 women) participated. After a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, participants performed different fMRI experiments testing attention and working memory. In the neuropsychological assessment, patients showed only subtle reduction in learning and memory abilities. In the fMRI experiments, both groups activated the brain areas typically involved in attention and working memory. HC showed a linear in‐ or decrease in activation paralleling the changing task complexity. Patients showed stronger activation change at the level of the simple tasks and a subsequent saturation effect of (de‐)activation at the highest task load. These group/task interaction differences were found in the right parahippocampal cortex and in the middle and medial frontal regions. Our results indicate that, in MS, functional adaptation patterns can be found which precede clinical evidence of apparent cognitive decline. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcomes after the use of gastrostomy tubes in patients whose head and neck cancer was managed with radiation therapy
Authors: Ames Julie A. , Karnell Lucy Hynds , Gupta Anjali K. , Coleman Todd C. , Karnell Michael P. , Van Daele Douglas J. , Funk Gerry F.
Published: November 2010

Background

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of continued oral intake and duration of gastrostomy tube placement on posttreatment nutritional outcomes in patients being irradiated for head and neck cancer.

Methods

Factors associated with continued oral intake and its association with posttreatment outcomes were analyzed.

Results

Patients with no oral intake (39.6% of 91) were more likely to have laryngeal tumors, advanced disease, and pretreatment gastrostomy tube placement. Of the 55 patients whose gastrostomy tubes had been removed, those with continued oral intake and shorter gastrostomy tube placement were more likely to maintain their weight and report eating scores in the higher‐functioning category, but have more restricted diets. Observed survival was significantly better for the continued‐oral‐intake group (p = .001).

Conclusion

The beneficial effects of continued oral intake and shorter gastrostomy tube placement on posttreatment outcomes shown in this study suggest that clinicians involved in these patients' care should emphasize oral intake during treatment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Surgical site infection after preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Shih‐An , Wong Yong‐Kie , Wang Ching‐Ping , Wang Chen‐Chi , Jiang Rong‐San , Ho Hui‐Ching , Lin Jin‐Ching
Published: November 2010

Background

We investigated whether preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with increased surgical site infection (SSI) rate in patients with locally advanced oral cancer.

Methods

In this hospital‐based study, we retrospectively reviewed over 2000 chart records of patients with oral cavity cancer from March 1994 to December 2007. Those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were identified and matched for age, sex, tumor classification, primary site, and reconstruction methods to hospitalized patients who did not receive chemotherapy. Data were analyzed for the relationship between chemotherapy and SSI.

Results

A total of 306 patients were enrolled for final analyses. The overall postoperative SSI rate was 31.0%. The SSI rate in patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was similar to that in patients who did not receive the chemotherapy (33.3% vs 29.9%, p = .631).

Conclusions

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with increased SSI rate in patients with locally advanced oral cancer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Prognostic factors for T1–T2 squamous cell carcinomas of the mobile tongue: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bonnardot Laurent , Bardet Etienne , Steichen Olivier , Cassagnau Elisabeth , Piot Benoit , Salam Alex P. , Campion Loïc , Ferron Christophe , Beauvillain de Montreuil Claude , Malard Olivier
Published: November 2010

Background

The aim of this study was to identify factors predicting poor prognosis at the time of early oral tongue carcinoma diagnosis.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was carried out on 70 patients with T1 or T2 squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue treated with primary surgical treatment.

Results

In all, 47% of patients received adjuvant treatment. Local recurrence was observed in 29% and regional recurrence in 26%. With a median follow‐up of 7.3 years for living patients, 5‐year actuarial overall, disease‐specific, and disease‐free survival rates were 48%, 61%, and 42%, respectively. The presence of poor histological differentiation increased the overall risk of death. Tumor thickness and posterior lingual location independently increased overall and disease‐specific risk of death. Concurrent or previous diagnosis of oral lichen significantly increased the risk of disease‐specific death and disease recurrence.

Conclusions

This study corroborates several known prognostic factors and indicates that diagnosis of oral lichen planus may be a risk factor for disease recurrence. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
A Three‐Component One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized 5,5‐Dicyanocyclopenta‐1,3‐dienes from Arylidene­malononitriles, Activated Acetylenes, and KCN or KSCN
Authors: Yavari Issa , Sirouspour Mehdi , Souri Sanaz
Published: November 2010

The reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates with arylidenemalononitriles in the presence of KSCN in MeCN led to a mixture of dialkyl (3E)‐4‐aryl‐3‐(arylideneamino)‐5,5‐dicyanocyclopenta‐1,3‐diene‐1,2‐dicarboxylates and dialkyl 4‐aryl‐5‐cyanothiophene‐2,3‐dicarboxylates. When these reactions were performed in the presence of KCN, only the functionalized 5,5‐dicyanocyclopenta‐1,3‐dienes were obtained.
Interleukin‐6 promotes tumorigenesis by altering DNA methylation in oral cancer cells
Authors: Gasche Jacqueline A. , Hoffmann Jürgen , Boland C. Richard , Goel Ajay
Published: November 2010

Worldwide oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for more than 100,000 deaths each year. Chronic inflammation constitutes one of the key risk factors for OSCC. Accumulating evidence suggests that aberrant DNA methylation may contribute to OSCC tumorigenesis. This study investigated whether chronic inflammation alters DNA methylation and expression of cancer‐associated genes in OSCC. We established an in vitro model of interleukin (IL)‐6 mediating chronic inflammation in OSCC cell lines. Thereafter, we measured the ability of IL‐6 to induce global hypomethylation of long interspersed nuclear element‐1 (LINE‐1) sequences, as well as CpG methylation changes using multiple methodologies including quantitative pyrosequencing, methylation‐specific multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification and sensitive melting analysis after real‐time—methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Gene expression was investigated by quantitative reverse transcriptase‐PCR. IL‐6 induced significant global LINE‐1 hypomethylation (p = 0.016) in our in vitro model of inflammatory stress in OSCC cell lines. Simultaneously, IL‐6 induced CpG promoter methylation changes in several important putative tumor suppressor genes including CHFR, GATA5 and PAX6. Methylation changes correlated inversely with the changes in the expression of corresponding genes. Our results indicate that IL‐6‐induced inflammation promotes tumorigenesis in the oral cavity by altering global LINE‐1 hypomethylation. In addition, concurrent hypermethylation of multiple tumor suppressor genes by IL‐6 suggests that epigenetic gene silencing may be an important consequence of chronic inflammation in the oral cavity. These findings have clinical relevance, as both methylation and inflammation are suitable targets for developing novel preventive and therapeutic measures.
High Archaea diversity in Varvara hot spring, Bulgaria
Authors: Ivanova Iva , Atanassov Ivan , Lyutskanova Dimitrina , Stoilova‐Disheva Margarita , Dimitrova Desislava , Tomova Iva , Derekova Anna , Radeva Galina , Buchvarova Velina , Kambourova Margarita
Published: November 2010

The phylogeny of the latest recognized domain, Archaea, is still complicated and it is largely based on environmental sequences. A culture independent molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed high Archaea diversity in a terrestrial hot spring, village Varvara, Bulgaria. A total of 35 archaeal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to three of the classified five Archaea phyla were identified. Most of the sequences were affiliated with the phylum Crenarchaeota (23), grouped in four branches. The rest of the sequences showed highest similarity to the unidentified archaeal clones (9), Euryarchaeota (2), and “Korarchaeota ” (1). Eight (23%) of the sequenced 16S rDNAs didn't have known close relatives and represented new and diverse OTUs, four of them forming a new archaeal subgroup without close described sequences or culturable relatives. A sequence affiliated with “Korarchaeota ” showed low similarity (90%) to the closest neighbor and both sequences formed unique branch in this phylum. Consequently, the constructed archaeal libraries are characterized by (1) high proportion of OTUs representing uncultivated archaeal phylogroups, (2) the abundance of novel phylotype sequences, (3) the presence of high proportions of Crenarchaeota phylotypes unrelated to cultivated organisms and (4) the presence of a sequence only distantly related to “Korarchaeota ” phylum. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Combination of ultrasound‐assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography for the sensitive determination of benzoylureas pesticides in environmental water samples
Authors: Zhou Qingxiang , Zhang Xiaoguo
Published: November 2010

This paper describes a new method for rapid and sensitive determination of diflubenzuron, flufenoxuron, triflumuron and chlorfluazuron in water samples by ultrasound‐assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction in combination with HPLC. Ionic liquid 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C6MIM][PF6]) was used as the extraction solvent for the enrichment of four benzoylurea (BU) pesticides. Factors such as volume of [C6MIM][PF6], sonication time, sample pH, extraction time, centrifuging time and salting‐out effect were systematically investigated. Under the optimum conditions, an excellent linear relationship was achieved in the range of 1.0–100 μg/L. The detection limits varied from 0.21 to 0.45 μg/L and the precision of the method was below 6.9% (RSD, n=6). The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of these BU pesticides in water samples and excellent spiked recoveries were achieved. All these results demonstrated that this procedure provided a new simple, rapid, easy to operate, efficient and sensitive method for the analysis of BU pesticides in aqueous samples.
Pre‐expanded pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator flap for postburn axillary contracture reconstruction
Authors: Kulahci Yalcin , Sever Celalettin , Uygur Fatih , Oksuz Sinan , Sahin Cihan , Duman Haluk
Published: November 2010

Introduction:

The axillary region is one of the sites most frequently affected by postburn contractures. In this clinical study, we used pre‐expanded pedicled thoracodorsal artery (TDA) perforator flaps for release of postburn contracture of the axillary region.

Patient and methods:

Five patients with severe axillary burn contractures were reconstructed with six pre‐expanded pedicled TDA perforator flaps between 2008 and 2010. All were men ranging in age from 20 to 26 years (mean, 22 years). Mean time of follow‐up was 12 months. Flap and donor site complications, preoperative, and postoperative range of motion of axillary joint were evaluated.

Results:

All flaps survived without significant complications. Partial flap necrosis was seen in only one flap. Minimal transient venous congestion occurred in one flap during the early postoperative period. A complete range of motion at the axillary joint was achieved in all patients by the end of the reconstruction period. The donor sites were closed primarily with linear scars in all cases.

Conclusion:

The pre‐expanded pedicled TDA perforator flap is a suitable alternative for coverage of the axillary defects after the release of the burn contractures. A pliable texture and large size flap can be obtained to transfer to the axillary area and the donor site scar is considered as cosmetically acceptable. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
Trauma Symptoms of Individuals with Mental Illness at Risk for Homelessness Participating in a Life Skills Intervention
Authors: Helfrich Christine A. , Peters Christine Y. , Chan Dara V.
Published: November 2010

This study investigated 1) trauma symptom changes following the implementation of a life skills intervention; 2) the relationship between demographic characteristics, cognitive functioning, life skill knowledge and changes in trauma symptoms; and 3) predictive factors of trauma symptoms during housing transitions. Participants (N = 72) enrolled in intervention modules to increase residential stability (room and self‐care, money management, nutrition management or safe community participation), completed the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised, ACLS‐2000 and a Practical Skills Test at baseline, post‐intervention and 3 and 6 months later to examine differences in trauma symptoms and treatment outcomes. Trauma symptoms were highest at baseline and decreased significantly for most participants over time. For a subgroup of females experiencing abuse and individuals who were homeless less than 1 year, there was an increase in symptoms at 3 months post‐intervention (highest rate of housing transition). This small convenience sample represents a limited geographic area. Replication of the study with larger groups for generalization, and further investigation into the specific impact of symptoms on function were recommended for future research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of fixation on brain and lymphoreticular vCJD prions and bioassay of key positive specimens from a retrospective vCJD prevalence study
Authors: Wadsworth Jonathan DF , Dalmau‐Mena Inmaculada , Joiner Susan , Linehan Jacqueline M , O'Malley Catherine , Powell Caroline , Brandner Sebastian , Asante Emmanuel A , Ironside James W , Hilton David A , Collinge John
Published: November 2010

Anonymous screening of lymphoreticular tissues removed during routine surgery has been applied to estimate the UK population prevalence of asymptomatic vCJD prion infection. The retrospective study of Hilton et al(J Pathol 2004; 203: 733–739) found accumulation of abnormal prion protein in three formalin‐fixed appendix specimens. This led to an estimated UK prevalence of vCJD infection of ∼1 in 4000, which remains the key evidence supporting current risk reduction measures to reduce iatrogenic transmission of vCJD prions in the UK. Confirmatory testing of these positives has been hampered by the inability to perform immunoblotting of formalin‐fixed tissue. Animal transmission studies offer the potential for ‘gold standard’ confirmatory testing but are limited by both transmission barrier effects and known effects of fixation on scrapie prion titre in experimental models. Here we report the effects of fixation on brain and lymphoreticular human vCJD prions and comparative bioassay of two of the three prevalence study formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) appendix specimens using transgenic mice expressing human prion protein (PrP). While transgenic mice expressing human PrP 129M readily reported vCJD prion infection after inoculation with frozen vCJD brain or appendix, and also FFPE vCJD brain, no infectivity was detected in FFPE vCJD spleen. No prion transmission was observed from either of the FFPE appendix specimens. The absence of detectable infectivity in fixed, known positive vCJD lymphoreticular tissue precludes interpreting negative transmissions from vCJD prevalence study appendix specimens. In this context, the Hilton et al study should continue to inform risk assessment pending the outcome of larger‐scale studies on discarded surgical tissues and autopsy samples. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.