bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Grapefruit (Citrus maxima L.) Rind
Authors: Zulbayu La Ode Muhammad Andi , Lukitaningsih Endang , Rumiyati Rumiyati
Published: February 2021

The grapefruit (Citrus maxima L.) is a plant known by the public as a fruit consumed with various properties. This plant's use is well known, such as antioxidants, enhancing immunity, anti-aging, and antibacterial properties. This study aimed to identify and analyze the chemical compounds contained in C. maxima rind. The extract was obtained by the maceration method using ethanol and ethyl acetate as solvents. The fractionation process was carried out by Column Chromatography. Observation of thin-layer chromatography profiles with UV lamps 254 and 366 nm. Analysis of chemical compound components using GC-MS and data interpretation based on the Wiley 7.0 data library. The interpretation results of the EF1 fraction are β-copaen-4-α-ol; pentadecanoic acid; hexadecanoic acid; tetradecanoic acid; dotriacontane; osthol; 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, 7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-oxobutyl); furfural; 6-(2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxycoumarin; and 6-(iodomethyl)-5-methyl-4-oxahexanolide. The chemical compounds identified in EAF2 are 1-octadecanol; decane; tetracosane; hexacosane; and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2-ethylhexyl) ester. It can be concluded that these compounds have biological and pharmacological activities.
Formulation, Organoleptic Evaluation, and Acceptability of Various Teas from Underutilized Nutritious Herbs Compared with Marketed Chinese and Yellow Lipton Tea
Authors: Ehoche Elijah Edache , Patel Parth , Madu Chijioke , Adejoh Johnson
Published: February 2021

Herbal teas are nutrient, antioxidant, and hydration rich brews made from herbs and spices and taken for various purposes. The objective of this study was to formulate tea from clove (Syzygium aromaticum), leaves of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), guava (Psidium guajava), and moringa (Moringa oleifera), as well as compared with Chinese and yellow Lipton Tea. The samples were analyzed for comparative sensory analysis using the 7 points hedonic scale. The sensory evaluation result demonstrated that the color of the clove tea sample (5.87) was most acceptable by participants, while the lemongrass tea (4.46) sample was least acceptable amongst all the tea samples. The clove remained the most accepted tea for aroma (6.07), taste (5.92), texture (5.76), general appearance (5.74), and general acceptability (5.93), in 7 points hedonic scale. However, all tea samples were had significant acceptable scores above average (p <0.05). Owing to the above results, these herbs can be successfully used to produce tea of relatively good quality to encourage local consumption of herbs and stay healthy.
Perbedaan Indeks Plak pada Pemeriksaan dengan Bahan Disclosing Solution dan Biji Kesumba (Bixa orellana)
Authors: Erwin Erwin , Asmawati Asmawati , Sofyan Suhikma
Published: February 2021

Dental health practitioners need to consider the use of alternative materials for the examination of plaque indexes derived from natural ingredients as a substitute for disclosing materials because they are not always available despite the high price. one example of this natural ingredient is the kesumba seed plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in plaque index on examination by disclosing solution and kesumba material. This type of research is quasi-experiment. This study used a sample of 47 students from Lawulo Elementary School-aged 9-12 years, data collection was done by checking the PHP plaque index. The results showed that the average plaque index score on examination with a disclosing solution was 3.08, and the average plaque index score on examination with the examination was 2.17 with a difference of 0.91. Statistical test results obtained ρ-value: 0,000 <α (0.05) so that, it can be concluded there are differences in the plaque index on examination with Disclosing solution and examination with kesumba.
Perception of Hypertension Patients on Treatment in Tamiang Layang Hospital, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Jamini Theresia , Anggreni Putri Perdana , Agustina Dwi Marta
Published: February 2021

Hypertension is a significant health problem considering the complications it causes. The research objective was to describe hypertensive patients' perceptions of their treatment at the inpatient installation of  RSUD Tamiang Layang in 2019. Quantitative research methods with descriptive research design were applied with sampling with non-probability sampling is purposive sampling, amounting to 30 respondents—the process of collecting data using a questionnaire instrument. The data obtained were then processed and analyzed using Univariate Analysis. The results showed that 93.33% of respondents had a positive perception classification of their treatment, and as many as 6.67% of respondents had a negative perception classification. It was concluded that hypertensive patients' perception towards treatment in the inpatient room at RSUD Tamiang Layang in 2019 has a positive classification of treatment, which means that most patients know and understand hypertension treatment both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically, although it is still not optimal.
Etnofarmakologi dan Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Obat di Kecamatan Kapuas Hilir Kabupaten Kapuas Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Qamariah Nurul , Handayani Rezqi , Indriani Opi
Published: February 2021

Ethnopharmacology is the study of the use of plants that have pharmacological effects for the treatment and health care of an ethnic group. The ethnopharmacological study was conducted in Kapuas Hilir District, Kapuas Regency. This is because the people of Kapuas Hilir District, Kapuas Regency still use medicinal plants to cure diseases whose properties have been known from generation to generation. This study aims to obtain data in the form of plant species, parts used, processing methods and to find out whether the empirical properties of the medicinal plants used are supported by research data. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods with descriptive design, techniques in data collection using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed 22 types of medicinal plants used to treat various diseases, namely Rabangun, Cat's Whiskers, Keji Beling, Sawangkak, Karamunting Bulu, Kastela, Soursop, Mangkudu, Katatuak, Gusar, Kalanduyung, Tabuluh, Insulin, Galinggang, Urang Iru, Uru. Balanda, Henda Baputi, Uru Samue, Panawar Gantung, Breadfruit, Pahakung, and Kalamenyu. The plant parts used are the bark, rhizomes, flowers, herbs, stems, roots and the most widely used are the leaves. The processing method is soaked in warm water, burned, made capsules, consumed directly, pounded, and processed by boiling most often. Most of the empirical properties of medicinal plants used are still not supported by research data.
Efektivitas Kombinasi Pijat Endorphin dan Aroma Terapi Rose terhadap Pengurangan Nyeri pada Persalinan Kala I di Puskesmas Pahandut Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Tambunan Lensi Natalia , Aprilianti Dewi
Published: February 2021

The physiological condition experienced by all maternity mothers is labor pain. It is caused by ischemic u muscles, withdrawal and traction of the uteri ligament, ovarian traction, fallopian tubes, and distension of the lower part of the uteri, pelvic floor muscles, and perineum. How to reduce pain with non-pharmacological treatment namely endorphin massage (Endorphine Massage) and aromatherapy rose administration. Aromatherapy is a method that uses essential oils that can improve physical health and also improve emotional health. The aroma of essential oils can provide calmness and can reduce pain in childbirth. Rose or rose atrisi oil referred to as the queen of oils has a delicious aroma, stimulates feelings of comfort, and reduces pain. This study used a sample of 30 maternity respondents who came to the maternity room of Pahandut Puskesmas Palangka Raya city which numbered 30 respondents. In this study as a variable independent is the intervention of Endorphin Massage and aromatherapy rose, while as a variable dependent is a pain. In this study, we used statistical T-Test using computerization. From the results of the study, it can be known that the mean rank of pain in the maternity mother is not given endorphin massage and aromatherapy rose is greater than the pain in the maternity mother given endorphin massage and aromatherapy rose, and obtained a p-value of 0.00, so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in labor pain in times I without endorphin massage and rose therapy with endorphin massage and aromatherapy rose.
Pengaruh Terapi Kompres Air Hangat terhadap Nyeri Post Operasi ORIF pada Pasen Fraktur di RSUD Dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya
Authors: Agustina Vina , Suryagustina Suryagustina , Wiyono Henry
Published: February 2021

A fracture or often called a fracture is a break in the continuity of bone tissue and is determined according to its type and extent. Pain is the most common complaint in fracture patients. Based on the results of the preliminary survey on February 14, 2018, in the Dahlia room, RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya, from 10 patients, it was found that 6 patients did not know that warm water compress therapy could reduce pain and 4 patients had heard that warm water compresses could reduce pain but still did not dare to take action alone without advice from a health professional. The results of the analysis research with the Wilcoxon test obtained a significant p-value (0.008 <0.05), then Ha is accepted, which means that there is an effect of giving warm water compress therapy before and after on the postoperative pain of ORIF in fracture patients. It can be concluded that the factors that influence the provision of warm water compress therapy to postoperative pain in ORIF fracture patients are age and gender (internal factors) and external factors including the compressing medium, warm water temperature, and the duration of the compress so that the warm water compress method is effective against decreasing intensity. pain. Health workers are advised to apply warm compress therapy as an intervention to reduce postoperative pain in patients with ORIF fractures.
Kemampuan Komunikasi Anak Autisme setelah Pemberian Mainan Squisy
Authors: Widiarti Astri , Toemon Angelina Novia , Mutiasari Dian , Baboe Dedy
Published: February 2021

In general, the social interactions of children with autism are closely related to how the children with the disorder communicate. Failure to developing social interaction makes children with autism unable to make eye contact with their interlocutors, tend to isolate themselves from social interaction, therefore it is very necessary to minimize difficulties, obstacles/weaknesses so that children with autism can carry out social interactions. Squishy is a toy that has pores like a sponge, has a soft texture, dan elastic, it also has the ability to return to its original form. Annaliese Griffin, A New York writer claimed that Squishy could be used as a medium to developing motor skills, and through Squishy’s soft texture, it also could be used to developing children's sense of touch. Children with autism can communicate with themself, creating an imaginary friend, or inviting their parents to participate doing role-playing together, it also could be a place for to children carry out social interaction because they play with their friends. The purpose of The Study is to understand the communication skills of children with autism development after given them Squishy Toys. The research design used in this study is a quasi-experimental study that aims to identify the effect of playing squishy therapy on improving communication development in autistic children with a one-group pre-post test design approach, namely using one group of research subjects with pre-and post-treatment observations. Giving Squishy Toys has a positive impact on the development of communication skills for children with autism. This is because based on the previous study and after being given the Squishy toys treatment, it has a significant relationship.
Dispersi Padat untuk Peningkatan Laju Disolusi Natrium Diklofenak dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Polivinil Pirolidon K30
Authors: Noval Noval , Rosyifa Rosyifa
Published: February 2021

Diclofenac sodium is included in the class II category based on the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS), sodium diclofenac has low solubility and high permeability. Low solubility will affect the absorption of drugs in the body because the rate of dissolution will decrease. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) K30 is an inert carrier that dissolves easily in water and can affect the solubility of an active drug substance. To know solid dispersion system increasing dissolution rate of sodium diclofenac by adding variations concentration of PVP K30. Solid dispersion uses a solvent method with variations concentration of PVP K30 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, and 1:9. Test physical properties of solid dispersions using a moisture test and compressibility. Solid dispersion dissolution test using type 2 dissolutions test and determination of concentration using UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Test results were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and continued test. Solid dispersion has a good physical whit moisture percentage not >5% and compressibility not >20%. Solid dispersion of sodium diclofenac with the addition of PVP K30 can increase dissolution rate compared to pure sodium diclofenac (p<0,05) with the highest ratio 1:7. Each comparison has a significant difference (p<0,05) except in ratio 1:9. Solid dispersion of sodium diclofenac with PVP K30 can increase the dissolution rate of pure sodium diclofenac.
Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Ekstrak Daun Gayam (Inocarpus Fagifer Fosb) dengan Menggunakan KLT
Authors: Rohama Rohama , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: February 2021

The Gayam tree is widespread in the territory of Indonesia, the Gayam plant (Inocarfus Fegifer Fosb) is also used as a medicine for bloody bowel movements in the community by boiling the stems and drinking boiled water. Besides having medicinal properties, Gayam is also used as food in the community in the Banjarmasin area. The common people certainly do not know the benefits of gayam and its nutritional value. Research on the identification of secondary metabolite compounds in Gayam leaf extract (Inocarpus Fagifer Fosb) using TLC where Gayam Leaves (Inocarpus Fagifer Fosb) was extracted by maceration method, the thick extract obtained was then carried out by testing the identification of secondary metabolites with color reagent and TLC. The results of the identification of the compound metabolite of gayam leaves (Inocarfus Fegifer Fosb) by color reagent and TLC test showed positive test results for alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins.
Perbandingan Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Imunisasi Vaksin HPV pada Remaja Putri Kelas X MAN dengan Remaja Putri Kelas X SMA N 5 Kota Batam
Authors: Mastikana Indah
Published: February 2021

Prevention of dysplasia or pre-cancer is prevention before the arrival of cervical cancer is by Vaccine Immunization. The cervical cancer prevention program using HPV vaccination should have been obtained and known to young women in the educational process both at school and campus as well as through print and electronic media. The research design is descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used nonprobability techniques with a sample size of 86 adolescents from each of the two schools. The result showed that of the 86 girls in SMA N 5 Batam City who had good knowledge, were 56 students (65.1%), only 26 students (30.2%) and less 4 students (4.7%) and that out of 86 girls in class X SMA N 5 Batam, as many as 78 students had positive attitudes (90.7%) and 8 student negative (9.3%) while the result of research at MAN Batam showed that from 86 girls who had good knowledge of 42 students (48.8%), quite 38 students (44.2%) and less than 6 students (7.0%) and of the 86 teenage girls of class X MAN Batam, 48 students had a positive attitude (55.8%) and 38 students (44.2%) negative attitude toward HPV Vaccine Immunization. The conclusion from the research results is that there is a majority of knowledge of adolescents SMAN 5 and MAN Batam have good knowledge and positive attitudes and there are significant differences in knowledge and there are no significant differences in attitude about HPV vaccine immunization.
Superior performance of the Brahma cattle in terms of meat production and disease resistance in comparison with the indigenous cattle of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahammed M. , Akter T. , Nooruzzaman M. , Alam M. R. , Islam M. T. , Chowdhury E. H.
Published: February 2021

Background: The Brahma is a breed of cattle which grows very rapidly and suitable for high quality meat production. The breed originating from native cattle dwelling at unfavorable climate of India has adapted with scarcity of food, external and internal parasitism, infectious diseases and weather extremities. There is very limited study on adaptation and performance of Brahma cattle particularly in the context of Bangladesh where meat production is a crying demand. In this study, we evaluated the comparative performance of Brahma and indigenous cattle in terms of body weight gain and disease resistance in Bangladesh.
Methods: A total of 10 Brahma calves and 10 indigenous calves were monitored for a period of 18 months during June 2018 to November 2020. Body weight gain and occurrence of diseases in both breeds were recorded. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests was performed to compare the growth of both Brahma and indigenous calves.
Results: At birth, both Brahma (15.75±0.19 kg) and indigenous (17.55±0.35 kg) calves had overall similar body weight. However, the Brahma calves gained significantly higher body weight than the indigenous calves over the next months. For example, the Brahma calves had higher body weight at 6 months (85.5±2.50 kg vs 70.75±0.43 kg), 12 months (160.3 kg±5.667 vs 120.4±0.89 kg) and 18 months (237.5±4.58 kg vs 169.8±1.72 kg) than the indigenous calves. An average daily body weight gain was 410.6±7.7 g and 282±2.9 g for Brahma and indigenous calves, respectively. Analysis of the disease records also showed a decreased number of diseases in Brahma than the indigenous cattle.
Conclusion: Our study indicated a better adaptation and growth of Brahma cattle in comparison to the indigenous breed. Therefore, the Brahma breed can be a very promising source to reduce the deficiency of animal proteins in Bangladesh.
Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitic infections of cats and efficacy of antiparasitics against these infections in Mymensingh sadar, Bangladesh
Authors: Mehedi B. H. , Nahar A. , Rahman A. K. M. A. , Ehsan M. A.
Published: February 2021

Background: Gastro-intestinal parasitic infections in cats is a major concern for public health as they have zoonotic importance. The present research was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitic infection in cats in different areas of Mymensingh Sadar between December, 2018 to May, 2019.

Methods: The fecal samples were examined by simple sedimentation and stoll’s ova counting method for detection of eggs/cysts/oocysts of parasites. The efficacy of antiparasitics against the parasitic infections in cats was evaluated.

Results: The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 62.9% (39/62) and the mixed parasitic infection was 20.9% (13/62). The prevalence of Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma tubaeforme infections were 17.7% and 6.5%, respectively. The prevalence of Taenia pisiformis infection was 3.22%. However, the prevalence of Isospora felis, Toxoplasma gondii and Balantidium coli infections were 4.8%, 3.2% and 6.5%. The prevalence of infection was significantly (P<0.008) higher in kitten than that in adult cat. The efficacy of albendazole, fenbendazole against single helminth infection was 100%. However, the efficacy of the drug was reduced against mixed helminth infection. The efficacy of metronidazole, pyrimithamine plus sulfadoxine was 100% against single protozoa infection but the efficacy of the drug was reduced against mixed protozoal infection.
Conclusions: Kittens should be dewormed with effective anthelmintics as they are more vulnerable to parasitic diseases. The T. cati, A. tubaeforme, T. gondii prevalent in cats are zoonotic and owners awareness need to be increased to prevent human infections.
PELATIHAN PENULISAN DAN PUBLIKASI ARTIKEL ILMIAH HASIL PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS BAGI GURU DI KOTA MAGELANG
Authors: Fidian Athia , Aji Pradana Agrissto Bintang
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Based on data from Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kota Magelang in July 2018, the highest number of teachers is in group of  IV / a. One of the influencing factors is their reluctance to make scientific publications for the promotion. They do not have enough information about the journal to be addressed, do not yet understand what must be stated in a scientific article, systematics of writing, and how to make a bibliography. The online process is also one of the things they find difficult. The purpose of community service is to improve the ability of teachers to write scientific articles. Partners in this activity were 12 elementary and junior high school teachers in Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kota Magelang. The implementation time is 4 months consisting of 3 training sessions and following assistance. The material presented during the training included (1) scientific articles in the ranks of teachers, (2) reference managers, and (3) article submissions. The results of the training showed that all participants increasingly understood how to use scientific articles for promotion. In addition, 58% of participants are more aware and able to use the reference manager in Ms Office Word. In the third material, 67% of participants understood and were able to register and submit articles in the Paedagogie Journal. Keywords: scientific articles, training, scientific publications, classroom action research Abstrak: Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kota Magelang pada bulan Juli 2018, jumlah terbanyak guru berada pada golongan IV/a. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah keengganan mereka dalam membuat publikasi ilmiah untuk kenaikan pangkat. Mereka tidak memiliki informasi yang cukup mengenai jurnal yang akan dituju, belum memahami apa yang harus dituangkan dalam sebuah artikel ilmiah, sistematika penulisan, serta cara membuat daftar pustaka. Proses online juga menjadi salah satu hal yang mereka anggap sulit. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menulis artikel ilmiah. Mitra dalam kegiatan ini adalah 12 orang guru SD dan SMP di lingkungan Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayan di Kota Magelang. Waktu pelaksanaan yakni 4 bulan terdiri dari 3 kali pelatihan dan ikuti pendampingan. Materi yang disampaikan pada saat pelatihan antara lain (1) artikel ilmiah dalam kepangkatan guru, (2) reference manager, dan (3) article submission. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa seluruh peserta semakin memahami bagaimana memanfaatkan artikel ilmiah bagi pengajuan kenaikan pangkat. Selain itu, 58% peserta semakin paham dan mampu cara menggunakan reference manager pada Ms Office Word. Pada materi ke-3, sebanyak 67% peserta memahami dan mampu untuk registrasi dan submit artikel pada Jurnal Paedagogie. Kata kunci: artikel ilmiah, pelatihan, publikasi ilmiah, penelitian tindakan kelas
PEMBUATAN APLIKASI PENGENALAN RAMBU LAMPU LALULINTAS PADA POLSEK PORSEA
Authors: Manurung Nuriadi , Ihsan Mhd. , Efendi Bachtiar
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Traffic signs that are installed on either side of the road that we often see when driving on the highway have certain meanings and goals. The installation of traffic signs is one of the public services that the government must carry out by the relevant agencies for the convenience of road users and reduce the number of traffic accidents. Aside from being a guide, the signs also functioned as a warning for road users about the conditions and situation of the road to be passed. For this reason, road users must understand and understand the meaning of the signs installed. But for various reasons, many people have not had the opportunity to learn and understand the meaning and purpose of signs of traffic signs. With the development of computer technology and video animation, learning methods about understanding the meaning and purpose of traffic signs can be made easier and more efficient to attract the public's interest in understanding them. Because it takes the form of animated videos and tutorials, so it's easy to display and play back if the learning participants don't understand. With the community service from STMIK Royal to Porsea Sector Police, we are trying to help the police station to introduce traffic signs to the community using the animated video tutorial method. This animated video tutorial uses Adobe Flash. Keywords: Adobe Flash, Animation, Traffic Signs            Abstrak: Rambu-rambu lalu lintas yang dipasang pada kanan kiri jalan yang sering kita lihat saat berkendara dijalan raya memiliki arti dan tujuan tertentu. Pemasangan rambu-rambu lalulintas adalah salah satu dari pelayanan publik yang wajib diadakan pemerintah oleh dinas terkait demi kenyamanan  pengguna jalan dan mengurangi angka kecelakaan lalulintas. Selain sebagai penunjuk jalan, rambu tersebut juga difungsikan untuk peringatan untuk pengguna jalan tentang kondisi dan situasi jalan yang akan dilalui. Untuk hal tersebut maka pengguna jalan harus mengerti dan memahami arti dari rambu-rambu yang terpasang. Namun dengan berbagai sebab, banyak masyarakat yang belum  berkesempatan belajar dan memahami tentang arti dan maksud dari tanda rambu lalu lintas. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi komputer dan video animasi, metode pembelajran tentang pemahaman arti dan maksud dari rambu lalulintas dapat dibuat semakin mudah dan efisien untuk menarik minat masyarakat dalam memahaminya. Karena berbentuk video  animasi dan tutorial, sehingga mudah ditampilkan dan putar ulang jika peserta pemebelajaran belum paham. Dengan adanya pengabdian masyarakat  dari STMIK Royal ke Polsek Porsea ini, kami berusaha membantu polsek untuk mengenalkan rambu lalulintas kepada masyarakat dengan metode video tutorial animasi. Video tutorial animasi ini menggunakan adobe flash. Kata kunci: Adobe Flash, Animasi, Rambu-Rambu Lalulintas
Memórias de familiares de profissionais da saúde mortos pela COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Biork Ruth Noêmia Paula , Nascimento Vagner Ferreira do
Published: February 2021

Objetivou conhecer as memórias de familiares de profissionais da saúde mortos pela COVID-19 no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo exploratório e qualitativo. Os dados foram coletados em julho de 2020, na página digital Inumeráveis, memorial dedicado à história de cada uma das vítimas do coronavírus no Brasil. Para organização e análise dos dados textuais, utilizou-se o software IRAMUTEQ versão 0.7 Alpha 2 e R Versão 3.2.3, com análise de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Entre os depoimentos, a maioria correspondia a profissionais do sexo masculino, com faixa etária entre 22 e 92 anos. Houve uma prevalência de depoimentos da região Sudeste do Brasil. As memórias dos profissionais mortos pela COVID-19 no Brasil foram distribuídas em duas grandes dimensões. A primeira se refere à aspectos profissionais (construção e atuação), e a segunda associada a memórias sobre o valor humano, marcas pessoais, hábitos e papéis desempenhados pelos profissionais no contexto familiar. Através das memórias, o imaginário positivo nutre a perseverança dos amigos e familiares diante da morte de seus entes queridos, e fornece elementos que podem ser inclusos em programas de acolhimento e suporte terapêutico, auxiliando os profissionais da área na escolha de melhores intervenções.
Efeitos da nutrição materna na gestação sobre a qualidade da progênie - uma revisão
Authors: Klein John Lenon , Machado Diego Soares , Adams Sander Martinho , Alves Filho Dari Celestino , Brondani Ivan Luiz
Published: February 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, avaliar os efeitos da nutrição de vacas de corte durante a gestação sobre a qualidade e o desempenho da progênie após o nascimento. Nos últimos anos, inúmeras pesquisas foram desenvolvidas para avaliar os efeitos da nutrição materna durante a gestação (programação fetal) sobre a produtividade da progênie. Diante dos resultados apresentados, está claramente elucidado que as condições nutricionais do útero grávido alteram de várias maneiras a saúde, a fisiologia, o metabolismo e, consequentemente, o desempenho pós-parto da progênie. Estas alterações podem variar de acordo com o grau e intensidade do desafio nutricional, momento deste desafio no decorrer da gestação e capacidade adaptativa das vacas gestantes em particionar os nutrientes ao feto. A literatura sugere que os efeitos da programação fetal são mais facilmente constatados nos meses iniciais de vida dos descendentes, desaparecendo com o avançar da idade, porém, a restrição nutricional da vaca durante a gestação também pode levar à formação de um indivíduo com maior capacidade de adaptação e mais preparado para sobreviver em ambientes mais desafiadores na vida pós-natal. Além disso, a formação de um fenótipo “econômico” poderá resultar em um desempenho compensatório durante a vida adulta dos bezerros de vacas que passaram por desafios nutricionais durante a gestação.
Arctic sea ice algae differ markedly from phytoplankton in their ecophysiological characteristics
Authors: Kvernvik AC , Hoppe CJM , Greenacre M , Verbiest S , Wiktor JM , Gabrielsen TM , Reigstad M , Leu E
Published: February 2021

Photophysiological and biochemical characteristics were investigated in natural communities of Arctic sea ice algae and phytoplankton to understand their respective responses towards variable irradiance and nutrient regimes. This study revealed large differences in photosynthetic efficiency and capacity between the 2 types of algal assemblages. Sea ice algal assemblages clearly displayed increased photoprotective energy dissipation under the highest daily average irradiance levels (>8 µmol photons m-2 s-1). In contrast, phytoplankton assemblages were generally light-limited within the same irradiance ranges. Furthermore, phytoplankton assemblages exhibited more efficient carbon assimilation rates in the low irradiance range compared to sea ice algae, possibly explaining the ability of phytoplankton to generate substantial under-ice blooms. They were also able to readily adjust and increase their carbon production to higher irradiances. The Arctic is warming more rapidly than any other oceanic region on the planet, and as a consequence, irradiance levels experienced by microalgae are expected to increase due to declining ice thickness and snow cover, as well as enhanced stratification. The results of this study suggest that sea ice algae may have less capacity to adapt to the expected environmental changes compared to phytoplankton. We therefore anticipate a change in sea ice-based vs. pelagic primary production with respect to timing and quantity in a future Arctic. The clearly distinct responses of sea ice algae vs. phytoplankton need to be incorporated into model scenarios of current and future Arctic algal blooms and considered when predicting implications for the entire ecosystem and associated biogeochemical fluxes.
Modeling the Impact of Rhizosphere Bulk Density and Mucilage Gradients on Root Water Uptake
Authors: Landl Magdalena , Phalempin Maxime , Schlüter Steffen , Vetterlein Doris , Vanderborght Jan , Kroener Eva , Schnepf Andrea
Published: February 2021

In models of water flow in soil and roots, differences in the soil hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere and the bulk soil are usually neglected. There is, however, strong experimental evidence that rhizosphere and bulk soil hydraulic properties differ significantly from each other due to various root-soil interaction processes. Two such processes, which can also influence each other, are rhizosphere loosening or compaction and mucilage deposition. In this work, we identified realistic gradients in rhizosphere bulk density and mucilage concentration using X-ray CT imaging, respectively, model simulation for two different soil types and soil bulk densities and related them to soil hydraulic parameters. Using a 1D-single-root model, we then evaluated both the individual and combined effects of these gradients on soil water dynamics using scenario simulations. We showed that during soil drying, a lower rhizosphere bulk density leads to an earlier onset of water stress and to a reduced root water uptake that is sustained longer. The presence of mucilage led to a faster reduction of root water uptake. This is due to the stronger effect of mucilage viscosity on hydraulic conductivity compared to the mucilage- induced increase in water retention. Root water uptake was rapidly reduced when both mucilage and rhizosphere bulk density gradients were considered. The intensity of the effect of gradients in rhizosphere bulk density and mucilage concentration depended strongly on the interplay between initial soil hydraulic conditions, soil type and soil bulk densities. Both gradients in rhizosphere bulk density and mucilage concentration appear as a measure to sustain transpiration at a lower level and to avoid fast dehydration.
Proteomic Analyses of Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates to Identify Drug Resistant Mechanism
Authors: Wang Ping , Li Ren-Qing , Wang Lei , Yang Wen-Tao , Zou Qing-Hua , Xiao Di
Published: February 2021

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections. Increasing numbers of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii cases have been reported in recent years, but its antibiotic resistance mechanism remains unclear. We studied 9 multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 10 drug-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates using Label free, TMT labeling approach and glycoproteomics analysis to identify proteins related to drug resistance. Our results showed that 164 proteins exhibited different expressions between MDR and drug-susceptible isolates. These differential proteins can be classified into six groups: a. proteins related to antibiotic resistance, b. membrane proteins, membrane transporters and proteins related to membrane formation, c. Stress response-related proteins, d. proteins related to gene expression and protein translation, e. metabolism-related proteins, f. proteins with unknown function or other functions containing biofilm formation and virulence. In addition, we verified seven proteins at the transcription level in eight clinical isolates by using quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that four of the selected proteins have positive correlations with the protein level. This study provided an insight into the mechanism of antibiotic resistance of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
Supply Chain Driven Commercialisation of Bio Energy Carbon Capture and Storage
Authors: Klement Jonathan , Rootzén Johan , Normann Fredrik , Johnsson Filip
Published: February 2021

Pulp mills, as large biogenic CO2 point sources, could adopt Bio Energy Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) through retrofitting carbon capture. These existing carbon sources constitute a great potential to roll out BECCS on commercial scale. Yet, despite political targets for negative emission production in Sweden, no incentive schemes were thus far enacted. While previous proposals focus on governmental compensation, the aim of this work is to set BECCS into the supply chain of a wide array of consumer products and thereby find alternative or complementary, business-driven, ways to incentivise BECCS when applied to the pulp and paper industry. In this work, we assess a “value proposition” for low-carbon products in supply chains linked to the pulp and paper industry. By projecting the costs and negative emissions related to BECCS from the pulp mill to typical consumer products, as exemplified by three case study products, we show how BECCS can substantially reduce the carbon footprint of the consumer products, while only marginally increasing their cost. Additional price premiums could shorten the payback period of the initial investment in BECCS. The developed business case presents how actors along the supply chain for pulp and paper products can collectively contribute to securing financing and to mitigating investment risks. The results challenge the private sector, i.e., the companies along the pulp-and-paper supply chain to commit considerable investments also in the case without or with too weak direct political incentives. We conclude by discussing the governance implications on corporate and public level to enable the collaborative “bottom-up” adoption of BECCS.
The Combination of Sonographic Features and the Seven-Gene Panel May be Useful in the Management of Thyroid Nodules With Indeterminate Cytology
Authors: Capezzone Marco , Cantara Silvia , Di Santo Andrea , Sagnella Alfonso , Pilli Tania , Brilli Lucia , Ciuoli Cristina , Maino Fabio , Forleo Raffaella , Cartocci Alessandra , Castagna Maria Grazia
Published: February 2021

Introduction

The management of patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules, which account for 10–25% of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs), is still very challenging.

Aim

To verify the utility of the seven-gene panel in combination with ultrasound features in the clinical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules.

Results

The study group included 188 indeterminate thyroid nodules, divided into TIR3A (56.4%) and TIR3B (43.6%). A significant correlation between US categories and both cytological and molecular results was observed. In detail, TIR3B cytology was more frequent in EU-TIRADS 4 and 5 nodules (54.7 and 50%, respectively) than in EU-TIRADS 2 and 3 nodules (31%, p = 0.04). Similarly, the rate of a nodule with a mutation increased with the increase of US risk class (6.0% in EU-TIRADS 2 and 3, 9.3% in EUTIRADS-4 and 27.8% in EUTIRAD-5, p = 0.01). Among thyroid nodules submitted to surgery, final histology was benign in 61.4% nodules, while malignancy was diagnosed in 38.6% nodules. Using US score as tool for decision-making in TIR3A subgroup, we correctly classified 64.5% of thyroid nodules. The second tool (seven-gene panel test) was used in the subgroup of US high-risk nodules. By multiple tests with a series approach (US in all cases and US plus seven-gene panel in US high risk nodules) 84% of cases were correctly classified. In TIR3B nodules, using only seven-gene panel as tool for decision making, we correctly classified 61.9% of indeterminate nodules. By multiple tests with series approach (seven-gene panel in all cases and seven-gene panel plus US score in non-mutated nodules) only a slight improvement of thyroid nodule classification (66.6%) was observed.

Conclusions

US score seems able to correctly discriminate between TIR3A nodules in which a conservative approach may be used, and those in which additional test, such as molecular test, may be indicated. On the contrary, in TIR3B nodules both US risk stratification and seven-gene panel seem to be of little use, because the risk of thyroid cancer remains high regardless of US score and mutational status.
A Plasma 5-Marker Host Biosignature Identifies Tuberculosis in High and Low Endemic Countries
Authors: Chendi Bih H. , Snyders Candice I. , Tonby Kristian , Jenum Synne , Kidd Martin , Walzl Gerhard , Chegou Novel N. , Dyrhol-Riise Anne M.
Published: February 2021

Background: Several host inflammatory markers have been proposed as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment response in Tuberculosis (TB), but few studies compare their utility in different demographic, ethnic, and TB endemic settings.

Methods: Fifty-four host biomarkers were evaluated in plasma samples obtained from presumed TB cases recruited at the Oslo University Hospital in Norway, and a health center in Cape Town, South Africa. Based on clinical and laboratory assessments, participants were classified as having TB or other respiratory diseases (ORD). The concentrations of biomarkers were analyzed using the Luminex multiplex platform.

Results: Out of 185 study participants from both study sites, 107 (58%) had TB, and 78 (42%) ORD. Multiple host markers showed diagnostic potential in both the Norwegian and South African cohorts, with I-309 as the most accurate single marker irrespective of geographical setting. Although study site-specific biosignatures had high accuracy for TB, a site-independent 5-marker biosignature (G-CSF, C3b/iC3b, procalcitonin, IP-10, PDGF-BB) was identified diagnosing TB with a sensitivity of 72.7% (95% CI, 49.8–82.3) and specificity of 90.5% (95% CI, 69.6–98.8) irrespective of geographical site.

Conclusion: A 5-marker host plasma biosignature has diagnostic potential for TB disease irrespective of TB setting and should be further explored in larger cohorts.
Functional Profiling of Antibody Immune Repertoires in Convalescent Zika Virus Disease Patients
Authors: Fahad Ahmed S. , Timm Morgan R. , Madan Bharat , Burgomaster Katherine E. , Dowd Kimberly A. , Normandin Erica , Gutiérrez-González Matías F. , Pennington Joseph M. , De Souza Matheus Oliveira , Henry Amy R. , Laboune Farida , Wang Lingshu , Ambrozak David R. , Gordon Ingelise J. , Douek Daniel C. , Ledgerwood Julie E. , Graham Barney S. , Castilho Leda R. , Pierson Theodore C. , Mascola John R. , DeKosky Brandon J.
Published: February 2021

The re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) caused widespread infections that were linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and congenital malformation in fetuses, and epidemiological data suggest that ZIKV infection can induce protective antibody responses. A more detailed understanding of anti-ZIKV antibody responses may lead to enhanced antibody discovery and improved vaccine designs against ZIKV and related flaviviruses. Here, we applied recently-invented library-scale antibody screening technologies to determine comprehensive functional molecular and genetic profiles of naturally elicited human anti-ZIKV antibodies in three convalescent individuals. We leveraged natively paired antibody yeast display and NGS to predict antibody cross-reactivities and coarse-grain antibody affinities, to perform in-depth immune profiling of IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody repertoires in peripheral blood, and to reveal virus maturation state-dependent antibody interactions. Repertoire-scale comparison of ZIKV VLP-specific and non-specific antibodies in the same individuals also showed that mean antibody somatic hypermutation levels were substantially influenced by donor-intrinsic characteristics. These data provide insights into antiviral antibody responses to ZIKV disease and outline systems-level strategies to track human antibody immune responses to emergent viral infections.
Human Impact on the Spatiotemporal Evolution of Beach Resilience on the Northwestern Yucatan Coast
Authors: Torres-Freyermuth Alec , Medellín Gabriela , Salles Paulo
Published: February 2021

The northern Yucatan peninsula is prone to coastal flooding and erosion owing to its low-land elevation and high exposure to storms. Therefore, it is important to assess the capability of the beach-dune system to resist, recover, and adapt from storms in the context of coastal development and climate change. This work aims to investigate the role of human impacts on the spatiotemporal evolution of the Coastal Resilience Index (CRI) in the area. The study is conducted on a prograding micro-tidal beach located on the vicinity of coastal structures. Beach and dune morphometrics, characteristic beach parameters, and maximum shoreline recession were determined from the analysis of beach profiles undertaken along a 2-km straight of coastline during the 2015–2020 period. Moreover, the maximum extreme water levels were estimated using in situ data and numerical models. This information is employed to assess the alongshore and temporal variability of the beach resilience. The results suggest that the beach and dune morphology present alongshore and temporal variability due to the human impacts associated to the dune degradation and the presence of coastal structures. The analysis shows that coastal resilience has been increasing over the past years but presents significant alongshore variations. High CRI values were found at beach transects presenting low anthropogenic impact, whereas low resilience was observed at transects with a degraded dune or located in the vicinity of coastal structures regardless of presenting high progradation rates. The observed beach response during the passage of recent tropical storms is consistent with the CRI values.
Tracking the Origin of Austrian Human Brucellosis Cases Using Whole Genome Sequencing
Authors: Schaeffer Justine , Revilla-Fernández Sandra , Hofer Erwin , Posch Romana , Stoeger Anna , Leth Christoph , Schmoll Friedrich , Djordjevic Vesna , Lakicevic Brankica , Matovic Kazimir , Hufnagl Peter , Indra Alexander , Allerberger Franz , Ruppitsch Werner
Published: February 2021

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. and a major concern for livestock. Most human cases are caused by B. melitensis and clinical presentation is usually a mild febrile illness. However, treatment failure is frequent and more severe complications can occur. In Austria, every human brucellosis is investigated to determine whether it was imported from endemic areas or is the sign of an undetected autochthonous transmission. For this study, 21 B. melitensis strains isolated in Austria between 2005 and 2019 were collected, 17 strains from 15 different patients and four strains from cattle. Whole genome sequencing combined with core-genome MLST analysis was used to characterize these strains. A cluster of seven isolates from 2018 (three human and four cattle isolates) was identified, with fewer than two allelic differences. They corresponded to the only Austrian B. melitensis outbreak that happened over the past 15 years. The other 12 Austrian brucellosis cases were single cases, and geographical origins were available for 8/12. Genomic data was used to locate probable geographical origins and compared with the results of the epidemiological investigations. Austrian strains were compared with 67 published B. melitensis sequences available on NCBI. The result of genomic analysis matched for 7/8 cases with documented conclusion of the epidemiological investigation. Genome analysis also pointed to the geographical origin for three of the four cases with missing epidemiological data. Strains from six cases were grouped together (<40 allelic differences) with 4/6 cases imported from the Balkans. Additional B. melitensis isolates from Serbian animals were analyzed and grouped with this branch, suggesting frequent importation from Balkan countries to Austria. Overall, this study highlights the specificities of human brucellosis in Austria. It also underlines the value of whole genome sequencing as a tool to investigate brucellosis cases, allowing to identify and investigate outbreaks but also to support epidemiological investigation of imported cases. However, the reliability of such methods depends on the number of strains for comparison, which can be challenging in low incidence countries. Increasing the availability of published sequences with documented geographical origins would help establishing genomic-based methods for investigating brucellosis cases.