bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Relational Topic Modeling for Noisy Short Texts
Authors: Liu Zheng , Liu Chiyu , Xia Bin , Li Tao
Published: January 2019

Understanding contents in social networks by inferring high-quality latent topics from short texts is a significant task in social analysis, which is challenging because social network contents are usually extremely short, noisy and full of informal vocabularies. Due to the lack of sufficient word co-occurrence instances, well-known topic modeling methods such as LDA and LSA cannot uncover high-quality topic structures. Existing research works seek to pool short texts from social networks into pseudo documents or utilize the explicit relations among these short texts such as hashtags in tweets to make classic topic modeling methods work. In this paper, we explore this problem by proposing a topic model for noisy short texts with multiple relations called MRTM (Multiple Relational Topic Modeling). MRTM exploits both explicit and implicit relations by introducing a document-attribute distribution and a two-step random sampling strategy. Extensive experiments, compared with the state-of-the-art topic modeling approaches, demonstrate that MRTM can alleviate the word co-occurrence sparsity and uncover high-quality latent topics from noisy short texts.
Minimal non-𝒬𝒮-groups
Authors: Shi Huaguo , Han Zhangjia , Lv Heng , Zhang Longhui
Published: January 2019

A finite group [Formula: see text] is called a [Formula: see text]-group if every proper subgroup of [Formula: see text] is either quasi-normal or self-normal in [Formula: see text]. In this paper, the authors classify the non-[Formula: see text]-groups whose proper subgroups are all [Formula: see text]-groups.
EFFECT OF COATING TIME ON ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION OF MOLYBDENUM OXIDES THIN FILM ON THE SURFACE OF ANODIZED ALUMINUM PLATE FOR ULTRACAPACITOR ELECTRODE MATERIAL
Authors: THAMJAREE WANDEE , NHUAPENG WIM
Published: January 2019

In this work, effect of coating time on the structural, compositional and morphological properties of MoO3-coated Al2O3 plate for application as an electrode material for ultracapacitor was investigated. The 1[Formula: see text]cm [Formula: see text] 1[Formula: see text]cm aluminum plate was anodized by an electrochemical plating technique at 12[Formula: see text]V for 20 and 30[Formula: see text]min, respectively. MoO3 film was then coated on anodized aluminum plate over a range of coating time (2–10[Formula: see text]min, in intervals of 4[Formula: see text]min) at an applied voltage of 6[Formula: see text]V with constant electric current of 1[Formula: see text]A. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed in the characterization of the MoO3/Al2O3 plate obtained. The SEM results obtained indicated that the coating time significantly affected the roughness and the surface area of the samples. The EDX analysis revealed the chemical composition element of Mo, O and Al and the result from XPS confirmed the existence of MoO3.
Analytical Primary Resonance of Size-Dependent Electrostatically Actuated Nanoresonator Under the Effects of Surface Energy and Casmir Force
Authors: Rahmanian Sasan , Hosseini-Hashemi Shahrokh , Ghazavi Mohammad-Reza
Published: January 2019

This paper investigates the nonlinear vibration of a size-dependent doubly clamped nanoresonator based on modified indeterminate couple-stress theory and Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Surface effects, dispersion Casimir force, and fringing field effects are considered in the nonlinear model. The electrostatic actuation is a combination of DC and AC voltages and imposed on the nanobeam through one electrode. The governing differential equation of motion is derived using the extended Hamilton’s principle and discretized to a nonlinear ODE using Galerkin’s procedure. The multiple time scale method is applied to the reduced-order model in order to obtain the nanobeam frequency-response curves analytically under small AC voltage loads. The influences of the mentioned parameters are investigated on the primary resonance characteristics of the nanoresonator. It is shown that the application of non-classical continuum theory results in a softening effect on the dynamic response of the system near primary resonance. Moreover, it is concluded that the influence of surface energy on the system dynamic behavior depends on the value of DC voltage load.
Compaction Wave Propagation in Layered Cellular Materials Under Air-Blast
Authors: Liang Minzu , Li Xiangyu , Lin Yuliang , Lu Fangyun
Published: January 2019

The propagation of compaction waves in layered cellular material subjected to air-blast is analyzed to examine the mechanism of compaction wave and reveal the phenomena that develop at the interface between the cellular layers. Similar to the previous studies of cellular materials under dynamic loading, the topology of cellular materials is neglected and homogeneous properties are assumed. The rigid-perfectly plastic-locking (R-PP-L) material idealization and the simple shock theory are employed to analyze the compaction situations. Analytical solutions for compaction wave propagation of double-layer cellular materials with two gradient-arrangements under air-blast loading have been worked out. The densification wave occurs at the blast end and then gradually propagates to the distal end for layers’ densities increase in the propagation direction (positive gradient). While compaction waves simultaneously form in both layers and propagate to the distal end in the same direction for the negative gradient. The finite element (FE) models using the Voronoi technique are carried out with practical aluminum foam to verify the predictions of the theoretical analysis. The potential of layered cellular materials to design efficient structural components under air-blast load is discussed, which would outperform their corresponding single counterpart with equal mass.
Size-Dependent Strain Gradient-Based Thermoelastic Damping in Micro-Beams Utilizing a Generalized Thermoelasticity Theory
Authors: Borjalilou Vahid , Asghari Mohsen
Published: January 2019

The small-scale effects on the thermoelastic damping (TED) in Euler–Bernoulli micro-beams is investigated in this study. To this purpose, by utilizing the strain gradient theory (SGT) and the dual-phase-lag (DPL) heat conduction model, the coupled equations of motion and heat conduction are derived. By solving these equations simultaneously and using the Galerkin method, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency and the amount of TED in thin micro-beams are obtained. The results predicted by SGT are compared with those given by the modified couple stress theory (MCST) and the classical continuum theory. In addition, TED is calculated on the basis of energy dissipation approach which shows that the difference between the obtained results and those evaluated based on the frequency approach is negligible. Some numerical results are also presented in order to study the effects of different parameters of the micro-beams as well as the type of the boundary conditions on TED and the critical thickness; these parameters include the micro-beam height, its aspect ratio and type of the material.
Recent Advances of 2D Nanomaterials in the Electrode Materials of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Zang Xiaobei , Wang Teng , Han Zhiyuan , Li Lingtong , Wu Xin
Published: January 2019

The upcoming energy crisis and the increasing power requirements of electronic devices have drawn enormous attention to research in the field of energy storage. Owing to compelling electrochemical and mechanical properties, two-dimensional nanomaterials can be used as electrodes on lithium-ion batteries to obtain high capacity and long cycle life. This review summarized the recent advances in the application of 2D nanomaterials on the electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries.
Adjustment of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance of Hexamethyldisilazane-Modified Nanosilica for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Tao Xiaohe , Guo Sai , Liu Peisong , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun
Published: January 2019

Different dosages of hexamethyldisilazane (denoted as HMDS), a silane coupling agent, were adopted to modify nanosilica (denoted as NS) to afford a series of HMDS-NS nanoparticles with different hydrophilic-lipophilic balance governed by the amount of surface hydroxyl. The amounts of the hydrophilic hydroxyl of the as-prepared HMDS-NS nanoparticles and their water contact angles were measured, and their dispersing behavior in water and oil was examined in relation to their transfer behavior therein. Moreover, the effects of the as-prepared HMDS-NS nanofluids on the oil–water interfacial tension as well as the oil recovery were investigated based on interfacial tension measurements and simulated rock core flooding tests. Findings indicate that the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of HMDS-NS nanoparticles highly depends on the amount of the surface hydroxyl, and the surface hydroxyl amount can be well adjusted by properly selecting the dosage of HMDS modifier. Besides, the transfer behavior of HMDS-NS nanoparticles in oil and water is closely related to their hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, and they can greatly reduce the oil–water interfacial tension and increase the oil recovery by 7.7–11.1% as compared with conventional water flooding. This is because the surface grafting of the hydrophobic segments of HMDS leads to a significant increase in the hydrophobicity of nanosilica, thereby changing the wettability of oil on the sand surface and favoring the stripping of oil droplets. Particularly, the HMDS-NS nanofluid obtained with 2[Formula: see text]wt.% of HMDS modifier has a water contact angle of 83.6∘ and can dramatically reduce the oil–water interfacial tension from 20.22[Formula: see text]mN/m to 0.28[Formula: see text]mN/m, showing desired hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and potential for enhanced oil recovery associated with chemical flooding.
Geochemical source and dispersion of copper, arsenic, lead, and zinc in the topsoil from the vicinity of Erdenet mining area, Mongolia
Authors: Yondonjamts Jajinjav , Oyuntsetseg Bolormaa , Bayanjargal Ochirkhuyag , Watanabe Makiko , Prathumratana Lunchakorn , Kim Kyoung-Woong
Published: January 2019

In order to investigate copper, arsenic, lead and zinc contamination in topsoil of the Erdenet copper mining area in Mongolia, soil samples collected from the surrounding area were examined for trace element concentrations, geochemical fractions, and phase distributions. Fifteen locations (residential area; mine industrial area; control area; tailings dam) were sampled during all four seasons. Of the 19 trace elements determined, the highest concentrations of Cu (1443–4866 mg kg
−1
), As (26–52 mg kg
−1
), and Mo (24–49 mg kg
−1
) in soils from the mine industrial area exceeded the corresponding values listed in the National Standard of Mongolia. Soil samples were fractionated into five phases: exchangeable, carbonate bound, Fe/Mn oxide bound, organic matter bound, and residual. Copper was largely associated with the organic/sulphide fraction, and As, Pb and Zn were associated mainly with the residual and Fe/Mn oxide fractions. Significantly high enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (I
geo
) values confirmed that Cu and As in the soil from the mine industrial area reach serious levels and their sources may be related to anthropogenic activities such as mining.
GeoAI 2018 workshop report the 2nd ACM SIGSPATIAL international workshop on GeoAI
Authors: Hu Yingjie , Gao Song , Newsam Shawn , Lunga Dalton
Published: January 2019

In today's era of big data, advanced algorithms, and immense computational power, artificial intelligence (AI) is bringing tremendous opportunities and challenges to geospatial research. Big data enable computers to observe and learn the world from many different perspectives, while high performance machines support the developing, training, and applying of AI models within reasonable amount of time. Recent years have witnessed significant advances in the integration of geography and AI in both academia and industry. There have already been many successful studies. Focusing on modeling the physical nature, research has shown that deep learning can improve the representation of clouds that are smaller than the grid resolutions of climate models. Examining the human society, AI and natural language processing methods, such as word embeddings, are helping quantify changes in stereotypes and attitudes toward women and ethnic minorities over 100 years in the United States. There are also many other applications that effectively integrate AI with problems in geospatial studies, such as vehicle trajectory prediction, indoor navigation, historical map digitizing, gazetteer conflation, geographic feature extraction, geo-ontologies, and place understanding. The 2nd International Workshop on AI for Geographic Knowledge Discovery (GeoAI 2018) builds on the success of the previous workshop in 2017. GeoAI is bringing together geoscientists, computer scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs, and decision makers from academia, industry, and government to discuss the latest trends, successes, challenges, and opportunities in the field of artificial intelligence for data mining and geographic knowledge discovery.
Physical activity counteracts metabolic syndrome-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction in the rabbit
Authors: Morelli Annamaria , Filippi Sandra , Comeglio Paolo , Sarchielli Erica , Cellai Ilaria , Pallecchi Marco , Bartolucci Gianluca , Danza Giovanna , Rastrelli Giulia , Corno Chiara , Guarnieri Giulia , Fuochi Elisa , Vignozzi Linda , Maggi Mario
Published: January 2019

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) clusters cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors along with hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction. Lifestyle modifications including physical exercise (PhyEx) are well-known treatments for this condition. In this study, we analyzed the effect of PhyEx on hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis and erectile function by use of an animal MetS model, previously established in rabbits fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Rabbits fed a regular diet (RD) were used as controls. A subset of both groups was trained on a treadmill. HFD rabbits showed typical MetS features, including HG (reduced T and LH) and impairment of erectile function. PhyEx in HFD rabbits completely restored plasma T and LH and the penile alterations. At testicular and hypothalamic levels, an HFD-induced inflammatory status was accompanied by reduced T synthesis and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) immunopositivity, respectively. In the testis, PhyEx normalized HFD-related macrophage infiltration and increased the expression of steroidogenic enzymes and T synthesis. In the hypothalamus, PhyEx normalized HFD-induced gene expression changes related to inflammation and glucose metabolism, restored GnRH expression, particularly doubling mRNA levels, and regulated expression of molecules related to GnRH release (kisspeptin, dynorphin). Concerning MetS components, PhyEx significantly reduced circulating cholesterol and visceral fat. In multivariate analyses, cholesterol levels resulted as the main factor associated with MetS-related alterations in penile, testicular, and hypothalamic districts. In conclusion, our results show that PhyEx may rescue erectile function, exert anti-inflammatory effects on hypothalamus and testis, and increase LH levels and T production, thus supporting a primary role for lifestyle modification to combat MetS-associated hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction.
Application of Proteomics to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: Assadsangabi Arash , Evans Caroline A. , Corfe Bernard M. , Lobo Alan
Published: January 2019

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing/remitting inflammatory illness of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown aetiology. Despite recent advances in decoding the pathophysiology of IBD, many questions regarding disease pathogenesis remain. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and knockout mouse models have significantly advanced our understanding of genetic susceptibility loci and inflammatory pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis. Despite their important contribution to a better delineation of the disease process in IBD, these genetic findings have had little clinical impact to date. This is because the presence of a given gene mutation does not automatically correspond to changes in its expression or final metabolic or structural effect(s). Furthermore, the existence of these gene susceptibility loci in the normal population suggests other driving prerequisites for the disease manifestation. Proteins can be considered the main functional units as almost all intracellular physiological functions as well as intercellular interactions are dependent on them. Proteomics provides methods for the large-scale study of the proteins encoded by the genome of an organism or a cell, to directly investigate the proteins and pathways involved. Understanding the proteome composition and alterations yields insights into IBD pathogenesis as well as identifying potential biomarkers of disease activity, mucosal healing, and cancer progression. This review describes the state of the art in the field with respect to the study of IBD and the potential for translation from biomarker discovery to clinical application.
The Construction Method of BeiDou Satellite Navigation Measurement Error System
Authors: Xie Jun , Zhang Jian-jun , Wang Gang
Published: January 2019

Based on the measurement error of pseudorange in BeiDou satellite navigation system, this paper analyzes the measurement principle of the system. Aiming at the difficulties in the system measurement error index system, an overall construction method of measurement error system based on empirical estimation method and error distribution model is proposed. Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, the correlation analysis model of the measurement error index is constructed, the relationship between the indicators is analyzed, and the system measurement error index hierarchy is constructed. Based on the empirical estimation method and the error distribution model, the index values are decomposed and assigned based on the final service performance of the system, and a clear representation of the complex relationship of index matching is achieved. Finally, by analyzing the principle of the positioning function in the ground transportation control mode, taking the satellite clock error as an example, the model is decomposed layer by layer and the relevant indicator items are established. The relationship between index terms was studied, and the value of the indicators was quantified. Compared with the actual operating conditions of the current system, the correctness of the method was verified, which provided a basis for the demonstration of the index values of satellite navigation systems. Based on the empirical estimation method and error distribution model as a new type of calculation method, the index system established under a certain set of conditions is reasonable, and it can be applied to the error control adjustment in satellite navigation system engineering construction.
Improving Ethyl Acetate Production in Baijiu Manufacture by Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mixed Culture Fermentations
Authors: Fan Guangsen , Teng Chao , Xu Dai , Fu Zhilei , Liu Pengxiao , Wu Qiuhua , Yang Ran , Li Xiuting
Published: January 2019

Ethyl acetate content has strong influence on the style and quality of Baijiu. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y3401 on the production of ethyl acetate by Wickerhamomyces anomalus Y3604. Analysis of cell growth showed that Y3401 influences Y3604 by nutrient competition and inhibition by metabolites, while the effect of Y3604 on Y3401 was mainly competition for nutrients. Mixed fermentation with two yeasts was found to produce more ethyl acetate than a single fermentation. The highest yield of ethyl acetate was 2.99 g/L when the inoculation ratio of Y3401:Y3604 was 1:2. Synergistic fermentation of both yeasts improved ethyl acetate production and increased the content of other flavor compounds in liquid and simulated solid-state fermentation for Baijiu. Saccharomyces cerevisiae had a positive effect on ethyl acetate production in mixed culture and provides opportunities to alter the aroma and flavor perception of Baijiu.
Assessing the Risk Factors for Refractory Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children and Adults
Authors: Ridolo Erminia , Martignago Irene , Pellicelli Irene , Incorvaia Cristoforo
Published: January 2019

Background. Up to one-third of the patients suffering from eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) present a refractory form, as defined by nonresponsiveness in clinical, endoscopic, or histological assessment after first-line therapy. Several studies recently investigated which factors can influence the development of this disease, but very few analyzed the factors underlying refractory EoE. Methods. Medical charts of patients affected by EoE were retrospectively evaluated. Phenotyping of patients was conducted according to demographic, clinical, histological, and treatment variables. Then, patients were divided into responder and nonresponder to therapy and distinguished among children and adults. Results. Forty-five children and 35 adult EoE patients were included. In the pediatric population, female sex (p<0.05) and a higher score of visual analogue scale (VAS) at the follow-up visit (p=0.02) were significantly associated to the risk of refractory EoE. Among adults, statistical significance was reached for years of follow-up (p=0.001), diagnostic delay (p=0.03), use of antibiotics during infancy (p=0.01), and food allergy (p=0.04). Conclusions. Our study highlighted female sex and a higher VAS score at the time of follow-up visits as risk factors for refractory EoE in children, while the risk factors in adults were identified as fewer years of follow-up, greater diagnostic delay, use of antibiotics during infancy, and food allergy.
Aneurysms of Pancreaticoduodenal Artery due to Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome, Treated by Open Surgery and Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Tokuda Satoshi , Sakuraba Shunsuke , Orita Hajime , Sakurada Mutsumi , Kushida Tomoyuki , Maekawa Hiroshi , Sato Koichi
Published: January 2019

Introduction. There are many possible causes of an abdominal visceral aneurysm, including the obstruction of the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament (MAL). We report two cases of an aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal artery due to MAL syndrome that we treated surgically. Case Presentation. Case 1: a 66-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with a rupture of an aneurysm of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. Because of the difficulty of endovascular therapy, we performed an emergency operation. We chose an abdominal operation, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Case 2: a 75-year-old Japanese man presented at our hospital with acute abdominal pain, nausea, and cold sweat. Our experience of treating MAL syndrome in case 1 enabled us to diagnose the disease accurately. We chose laparoscopic surgery, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Discussion. There are several treatment choices for an aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal artery due to MAL syndrome. We have performed only a release of the MAL for treatment, but it is difficult to conclude whether only releasing the MAL is enough to ensure a positive long-term prognosis. Regular follow-up is needed in such cases. Conclusion. Laparoscopic surgery can be considered one of the options for MAL syndrome.
Burkitt’s Lymphoma of the Gastrohepatic Omentum: A Malignant Presentation of Pseudoachalasia
Authors: Then Eric Omar , Ofosu Andrew , Rawla Prashanth , Sunkara Tagore , Dadana Sriharsha , Culliford Andrea , Gaduputi Vinaya
Published: January 2019

Achalasia is an intrinsic disorder of the esophagus that results from loss of ganglion cells in the lower esophageal sphincter. Clinically it is manifested by dysphagia to solids and liquids, weight loss, regurgitation, and chest pain. Pseudoachalasia, in contrast, is a rare entity that causes identical symptoms, but has a divergent underlying pathogenesis. The symptomology in these cases oftentimes occurs secondary to extrinsic compression of the esophagus, mostly attributable to malignancy. Although many cases of extrinsic esophageal compression have been reported in the literature, rarely has this occurred secondary to Burkitt’s lymphoma in an adult. Here, we present a case of Burkitt’s lymphoma resulting in pseudoachalasia in a 70-year-old female. The concurrence of these two entities in one patient makes this case presentation especially rare.
Deterministic Identity-Based Encryption from Lattice-Based Programmable Hash Functions with High Min-Entropy
Authors: Zhang Daode , Li Jie , Li Bao , Lu Xianhui , Xue Haiyang , Jia Dingding , Liu Yamin
Published: January 2019

There only exists one deterministic identity-based encryption (DIBE) scheme which is adaptively secure in the auxiliary-input setting, under the learning with errors (LWE) assumption. However, the master public key consists of O(λ) basic matrices. In this paper, we consider to construct adaptively secure DIBE schemes with more compact public parameters from the LWE problem. (i) On the one hand, we gave a generic DIBE construction from lattice-based programmable hash functions with high min-entropy. (ii) On the other hand, when instantiating our generic DIBE construction with four LPHFs with high min-entropy, we can get four adaptively secure DIBE schemes with more compact public parameters. In one of our DIBE schemes, the master public key only consists of ω(log⁡λ) basic matrices.
Application of EEG and Interactive Evolutionary Design Method in Cultural and Creative Product Design
Authors: Deng Li , Wang Guohua
Published: January 2019

In order to design a cultural and creative product that matched the target image, this paper proposed to use EEG, interactive genetic algorithm (IGA), and back propagation neural network (BPNN) to analyze the users’ image preferences. Firstly, the pictures of cultural elements were grouped according to the pleasantness value and emotional state by PAD emotion scale, and the brain waves induced by the pictures of cultural elements with different pleasure degree were recorded by electroencephalograph. Then, the preference of cultural elements was obtained according to the theory of frontal alpha asymmetry. Secondly, the semantic difference method was used to carry out questionnaire survey to users, and the factor analysis method was used to statistically analyze the survey results to extract the perceptual image semantics of users for cultural and creative products. Thirdly, an interactive evolutionary design system based on IGA and BPNN was constructed. According to the cultural elements preferred by users, the designer designed the initial set of morphological characteristics, and the fitness value was determined according to the degree of user preference for the image semantics. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the fatigue caused by users’ interaction evaluation, BPNN was introduced to simulate artificial evaluation. Finally, the proposed method was verified by the practice of flavoring bottle design. User preference requirement could be used as feedback information to help designers understand users’ design emotional need and generate design schemes that satisfied the users’ perceptual image.
Quark-Antiquark Potential from a Deformed AdS/QCD
Authors: Bruni Rodrigo C. L. , Capossoli Eduardo Folco , Boschi-Filho Henrique
Published: January 2019

In this work we calculate the static limit of the energy for a quark-antiquark pair from the Nambu-Goto action using a holographic approach with a deformed AdS space, with warp factor exp⁡{(κz)n/n}. From this energy we derive the Cornell potential for the quark-antiquark interaction. We also find a range of values for our parameters which fits exactly the Cornell potential parameters. In particular, setting the zero energy of the Cornell potential at 0.33 fermi, we find that κ=0.56 GeV and n=1.3.
A Process Engineering Approach to Improve Production of P(3HB) byCupriavidus necatorfrom Used Cooking Oil
Authors: Cruz Madalena V. , Gouveia Ana Rosa , Dionísio Madalena , Freitas Filomena , Reis Maria A. M.
Published: January 2019

Different feeding strategies, namely, exponential feeding and DO-stat mode, were implemented for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), byCupriavidus necatorDSM 428 with used cooking oil (UCO) as the sole carbon source. With the exponential feeding strategy, a cell dry mass of 21.3 ± 0.9 g L−1was obtained, with a polymer content of 84.0 ± 4.5 wt.%, giving an overall volumetric productivity of 4.5 ± 0.2 g L−1 day−1. However, the highest P(3HB) volumetric productivity, 12.6 ± 0.8 g L−1 day−1, was obtained when the DO-stat mode was implemented together with the use of ammonium hydroxide for pH control, which served as an additional nitrogen source and allowed to reach higher cell dry mass (7.8 ± 0.6 g L−1). The P(3HB) obtained in all experiments had a high molecular mass, ranging from 0.6 × 105to 2.6 × 105 g mol−1, with low polydispersity indexes of 1.2-1.6. Melting and glass transition temperatures were also similar for the polymer produced with both cultivation strategy, 174°C and 3.0-4.0°C, respectively. The polymer exhibited a crystallinity ranging from 52 to 65%. The DO-stat strategy to feed oil containing substrates as the sole carbon sources was reported for the first time in this study, and the preliminary results obtained show that it is a promising strategy to improve P(3HB) production. Nevertheless, the process requires further optimization in order to make it economically viable.
An Analytical Method for Reducing Metal Artifacts in X‐Ray CT Images
Authors: Chen Ming , Xia Dimeng , Wang Dan , Han Jingqi , Liu Zhu
Published: January 2019

Medical CT imaging often encounters metallic implants or some metal interventional therapy apparatus. These metallic objects can produce metal artifacts in reconstruction images, which severely degrade image quality. In this paper, we analyze the difference between polychromatic projection data and Radon transform data and develop an analytical method to reduce metal artifacts. Approximate features of metal artifacts can be obtained by a simplified energy spectrum function of x‐ray beam. The developed method can reduce most artifacts, and preserve more original details. It does not require prior knowledge of x‐ray energy spectrum and original projection data, avoiding iterative calculation and saving reconstruction time. Simulation experimental results show that the method can greatly remove metal artifacts.
A Simulated Annealing Heuristic for the Capacitated Green Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Normasari Nur Mayke Eka , Yu Vincent F. , Bachtiyar Candra , Sukoyo
Published: January 2019

This research studies the capacitated green vehicle routing problem (CGVRP), which is an extension of the green vehicle routing problem (GVRP), characterized by the purpose of harmonizing environmental and economic costs by implementing effective routes to meet any environmental concerns while fulfilling customer demand. We formulate the mathematical model of the CGVRP and propose a simulated annealing (SA) heuristic for its solution in which the CGVRP is set up as a mixed integer linear program (MILP). The objective of the CGVRP is to minimize the total distance traveled by an alternative fuel vehicle (AFV). This research conducts a numerical experiment and sensitivity analysis. The results of the numerical experiment show that the SA algorithm is capable of obtaining good CGVRP solutions within a reasonable amount of time, and the sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the total distance is dependent on the number of customers and the vehicle driving range.
Effects of High Temperature and Cooling Pattern on the Chloride Permeability of Concrete
Authors: Ma Zhiming , Ba Guangzhong , Duan Zhenhua
Published: January 2019

Concrete structure is frequently subjected to the fire attack, whereas the permeability of concrete with fire‐damage has received little consideration. This paper aims to investigate the chloride permeability of plain concrete and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) with fire‐damage, and the effects of various cooling patterns and recuring treatment on the chloride permeability are also studied. The results manifest that the elevated temperatures result in an increase in the fire‐damage and chloride permeability of concrete, and that the increase becomes more obvious with the temperature above 400°C. Attributing to the water‐cooling which provides a recuring environment, the chloride permeability after water‐cooling is lower than that after air‐cooling when the temperature is 200°C. Whereas when the temperature is above 400°C, the chloride permeability after water‐cooling becomes higher than that after air‐cooling, due to an extra damage that the water‐cooling produces. The recuring treatment can reduce the chloride permeability of concrete with fire‐damage, and the reduction becomes more significant when the concrete suffers a serious fire‐damage. Exposing to the same condition of high temperature, the addition of recycled aggregate (RA) further boosts the fire‐damage and chloride permeability of concrete. Particularly, the chloride permeability increases with the increasing of RA replacement ratios, linearly, and the increased temperatures further lead to an increase in the slope of the fitting straight line.
A Rare Presentation of Small Bowel Diverticulosis Causing Chronic Obstruction and Malnutrition: A Case Study with Review of Literature
Authors: Mathangasinghe Y. , Samaranayake U. M. J. E. , Jayasinghe J. D. , Banagala A. S. K.
Published: January 2019

Small bowel diverticulosis is an uncommon entity. Clinical presentation of small intestinal diverticulosis is variable. A high mortality is associated with complications such as chronic malnutrition, haemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, and perforation. We report a case of a 63-year-old female with multiple small bowel diverticuli spanning from the first part of the duodenum to the proximal ileum presenting with chronic malnutrition and subacute intestinal obstruction. Although exploratory laparotomy was performed, we opted for a totally conservative treatment in order to avoid complications such as short gut syndrome and anastomotic leakage.
TLR2 Arg753Gln Gene Polymorphism Associated with Tuberculosis Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Lelin , Tao Huihui , Tao Xinrong , Tang Xiaolong , Xu Congjing
Published: January 2019

Objective. To date, a series of studies were conducted to investigate the association between TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2) Arg753Gln gene polymorphism and tuberculosis (TB). However, the results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to elucidate the roles of TLR2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphism in TB. Methods. All available articles were searched from online databases such as PubMed, Medline, CNKI, and Wanfang. Statistical analyses were performed using the STATA12.0 (Stata Corp LP, College Station, TX, United States) software. Results. 32 case-control studies comprising 5943 cases and 5991 controls were identified in this meta-analysis. Overall, the TLR2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphism was associated with high TB risk in allele model (A vs. G: OR=2.20, 95%CI=1.60-3.04, P≤0.01), dominant model (AA+AG vs. GG: OR=2.70, 95%CI=2.00-3.65, P≤0.01), and heterozygote model (AG vs. GG contrast: OR=2.97, 95%CI=2.39-3.69, P≤0.01). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity indicated that the A allele increased susceptibility to TB in Asian (OR=3.35, 95%CI=2.36-4.74) and Caucasian populations (OR=2.62, 95%CI=1.77-3.87), but not in African (2.08, 95%CI=0.62-2.72) or mixed populations (OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.36-1.14). Stratified analysis by sample type suggested that the A allele associated with high pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) risks (OR=2.43, 95%CI=1.66-3.54), but not with extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) (OR=1.84, 95%CI=0.83-4.06). Conclusion. this meta-analysis suggested the following: (1) TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism is significantly associated with high TB risk. (2) In subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism elevates the risk of TB in Asian and Caucasian populations, but not in African or mixed populations. (3) Stratified by sample type, TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism is associated with increased PTB risk, but not with EPTB.
Lamotrigine ODT-Induced Seizure in a 3-Year-Old Child after Accidental Ingestion
Authors: Griswold Ashley , Tully Briana , Katz Kenneth , Beauchamp Gillian , Cook Matthew , Cannon Robert
Published: January 2019

Lamotrigine is a new generation antiepileptic which blocks sodium channels and can cause significant toxicity in overdose. A case of a three-year-old child who suffered a seizure and required endotracheal intubation after accidental lamotrigine ingestion is presented. The lamotrigine concentration measured 23.2 mcg/mL which is the highest reported after accidental pediatric exposure. A review of the literature regarding pediatric lamotrigine poisoning is also included.
Lipid Nano- and Microparticles: An Overview of Patent-Related Research
Authors: Battaglia Luigi , Ugazio Elena
Published: January 2019

The traits of lipid biocompatibility and versatility have led to many nano- and microparticulate lipid formulations being engineered, over the last two decades, in the form of spheres and capsules, using solid and liquid lipids as the matrices. This review describes the main types of lipid nano- and microparticles, as well as their preparation methods, administration routes, and main fields of application. It will also provide a synthetic overview of the main patents that have been filed. Patenting activity in the lipid nanoparticle field has been ongoing for 25 years and has been driven by the boom in the use of nanotechnology as an innovative tool for disease treatment and potential commercial interest in a fully biocompatible vehicle. Initially, activity was mainly focused on technological aspects, and later focus shifted more to usage and composition. An increasing number of patents are also being filed by Emerging Countries. However, the most important limitation here is the low number of marketed products, which is mainly caused by regulatory restrictions and economic reasons.
GAS5 Regulates RECK Expression and Inhibits Invasion Potential of HCC Cells by Sponging miR-135b
Authors: Yang Liang , Jiang Jianshuai
Published: January 2019

Objectives. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) has been characterized as a tumor suppressor in numerous kinds of human cancers. Its anticancer function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) includes repression of cell proliferation and metastasis, leaving the internal mechanisms unclear. In this study, we intended to examine the anti-invasion effects of GAS5 on HCC and explore the downstream regulatory mechanisms.Methods. Expression of GAS5 and microRNA-135b (miR-135b) was analyzed by qRT-PCR in paired HCC tissue samples. Their correlation with HCC patients’ survival was determined. Transwell assays were done to evaluatein vitroinvasion ability. Targeting of GAS5 and RECK by miR-135b was confirmed by qRT-PCR, western blot, and luciferase reporter assays.Results. Decreased GAS5 and increased miR-135b in HCC inversely correlate with each other and both correlate with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Functionally, GAS5 suppresses while miR-135b promotes HCC cell invasion capacitiesin vitro. Mechanistically, GAS5 is a target of miR-135b. Furthermore, GAS5 positively regulates expression of RECK, also a target of miR-135b, which further inhibits MMP-2 expression and contributes to invasion repression.Conclusion. GAS5 acted as a tumor suppressor in HCC invasion in a competing endogenous RNA manner. Our findings indicate that GAS5 is a promising therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Cardiovascular Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Preventive Strategies
Authors: Bunu Diana-Maria , Timofte Cristian-Eugen , Ciocoiu Manuela , Floria Mariana , Tarniceriu Claudia-Cristina , Barboi Oana-Bogdana , Tanase Daniela-Maria
Published: January 2019

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of chronic inflammatory diseases that targets mainly the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical presentation of IBD includes both gastrointestinal manifestations and extraintestinal manifestations (EIM). The reported cardiovascular manifestations in IBD patients include pericarditis, myocarditis, venous and arterial thromboembolism, arrhythmias, atrioventricular block, heart failure, endocarditis, valvulopathies, and Takayasu arteritis. The aim of this article is to review the available literature about the possible pathogenic mechanisms and determine preventive measures capable of reducing the incidence and severity of the cardiovascular manifestations. In IBD patients, the incidence of cardiovascular manifestations is low, but higher than that in the general population. Therefore, clinicians should pay attention to any new modification that might indicate cardiovascular involvement in IBD patients, and they should consider chronic inflammatory diseases in patients with cardiac conditions without an evident cause. Considering the role of inflammation in the development of cardiovascular manifestations, the management should include prevention of flares and maintenance of remission for as long as possible. Preventive measures should also include active screening and strict control of the cardiovascular risk factors in all IBD patients.
A Novel Anti-EGFR mAb Ame55 with Lower Toxicity and Better Efficacy than Cetuximab When Combined with Irinotecan
Authors: Qiu Weiyi , Zhang Chang , Wang Shuang , Yu Xiaoyan , Wang Qiong , Zeng Dadi , Du Peng , Ma Jinling , Zheng Yiqiong , Pang Bo , Yu Yunzhou , Long Feng , Pang Xiaobin , Sun Zhiwei
Published: January 2019

To improve efficacy and minimize toxicity of EGFR inhibition treatment, we developed Ame55, a novel anti-EGFR IgG1 with lower affinity to EGFR than cetuximab (C225) from a human phage library. Ame55 had lower bioactivity than cetuximab in vitro but similar antitumor efficacy as cetuximab in vivo. Moreover, Ame55 was more efficacious than cetuximab in a Lovo cell xenograft tumor model when combined with irinotecan (CPT-11). Ame55 concentrates in the mouse xenograft tumor and has less toxicity than cetuximab in cynomolgus monkeys in an overdose study.
Advances in Software-Defined Technologies for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks: A Survey
Authors: Wang Jianping , Kong Dechuan , Chen Wei , Zhang Shujing
Published: January 2019

Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs) are an important technical means to explore the ocean realm. However, most UASNs rely on hardware infrastructures with poor flexibility and versatility. The systems typically deploy in a redundant manner, which not only leads to waste but also causes serious signal interference due to multiple noises in designated underwater regions. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a novel network paradigm, which provides an innovative approach to improve flexibility and reduce development risks greatly. Although SDN and UASNs are hot topics, there are currently few studies built on both. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review on the advances in software-defined UASNs. First, we briefly present the background, and then we review the progress of the Software-Defined Radio (SDR), Cognitive Radio (CR), and SDN. Next, we introduce the current issues and potential research areas. Finally, we conclude the paper and present discussions. Based on this work, we hope to inspire more active studies and take a further step on software-defined UASNs with high performances.
Heterogeneity Matters: Predicting Self-Esteem in Online Interventions Based on Ecological Momentary Assessment Data
Authors: Bremer Vincent , Funk Burkhardt , Riper Heleen
Published: January 2019

Self-esteem is a crucial factor for an individual’s well-being and mental health. Low self-esteem is associated with depression and anxiety. Data about self-esteem is oftentimes collected in Internet-based interventions through Ecological Momentary Assessments and is usually provided on an ordinal scale. We applied models for ordinal outcomes in order to predict the self-esteem of 130 patients based on diary data of an online depression treatment and thereby illustrated a path of how to analyze EMA data in Internet-based interventions. Specifically, we analyzed the relationship between mood, worries, sleep, enjoyed activities, social contact, and the self-esteem of patients. We explored several ordinal models with varying degrees of heterogeneity and estimated them using Bayesian statistics. Thereby, we demonstrated how accounting for patient-heterogeneity influences the prediction performance of self-esteem. Our results show that models that allow for more heterogeneity performed better regarding various performance measures. We also found that higher mood levels and enjoyed activities are associated with higher self-esteem. Sleep, social contact, and worries were significant predictors for only some individuals. Patient-individual parameters enable us to better understand the relationships between the variables on a patient-individual level. The analysis of relationships between self-esteem and other psychological factors on an individual level can therefore lead to valuable information for therapists and practitioners.
Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Latex‐Modified Fiber‐Reinforced Segment Concrete as a Function of Microsilica Content
Authors: Kim Woong , Oh Ri-On , Lee Joo-Ha , Kim Mi-Sol , Jeon Sang-Min , Park Chan-Gi
Published: January 2019

This study evaluated the performance of latex‐modified fiber‐reinforced concrete (RC) segments as a function of the substitution level of microsilica and type of reinforced fiber, to address the problem of corrosion of steel segments and steel‐reinforced fiber segments, which are commonly used to shield tunnel‐boring machine (TBM) tunnels in urban spaces. Our study compared macro synthetic, steel, and hybrid (macro synthetic fiber + polypropylene fiber) reinforcing fibers. The substitution levels of microsilica used were 0, 2, 4, and 6%. The target strengths were set at 40 and 60 MPa to test compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, and impact resistance. Testing of latex‐modified and fiber‐reinforced segment concrete showed that the compressive strength, flexural strength, and chloride ion penetration resistance increased with an increasing substitution level of microsilica. These improvements were attributed to the densification of the concrete due to filling micropores with microsilica. Micro synthetic fiber was more effective in terms of improved compressive strength, flexural strength, and chloride ion penetration resistance than steel fiber. These results were due to the higher number of micro synthetic fibers per unit volume compared with steel fiber, which reduced the void volume and suppressed the development of internal cracks. The optimal microsilica content and fiber volume fraction of micro synthetic fiber were 6% and 1%, respectively. To evaluate the effects of the selected mixtures and hybrid fibers simultaneously, other mixing variables were fixed and a hybrid fiber mixture (combination of macro synthetic fibers and polypropylene fibers) was used. The hybrid fiber mixture produced better compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, and impact resistance than the micro synthetic fibers.