bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segurança da pessoa idosa no ambiente hospitalar: revisão integrativa
Authors: Paula Aline da Silva , Moraes Cassiana Rodrigues de , Bissoni Naiane Pivato , Melo Filho Pedro Leite de , Santos Etiene Bento dos , Coifman Herton , Hammerschmidt Karina Silveira de Almeida , Thomaz Vanessa de Fátima Burdzinski , Ribas Giulianna Rita Wolski
Published: May 2024

Identificar na literatura científica como é abordada a segurança da pessoa idosa hospitalizada. Trata-se de revisão integrativa, composta por seis etapas metodolológicas. As buscas ocorreram no mês de março de 2023, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science e National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos publicados no período de 2018 a 2022, disponíveis na íntegra, estar diretamente relacionado ao tema, nos idiomas português, inglês e/ou espanhol. Como critérios de exclusão estabeleceram-se: dissertações, teses, carta ao editor. Dos 497 artigos localizados, 126 foram excluídos por duplicidade, 339 por não se adequarem aos critérios pré-estabelecidos. O corpus da revisão foi composto por 30 artigos, que evidenciaram a influência dos fatores ambientais na comunicação e nos cuidados de enfermagem, principalmente nas transições dos cuidados; eventos adversos que podem acometer os idosos no ambiente hospitalar, com destaque para os eventos associados a medicamentos e as quedas; desafios e importância da conciliação medicamentosa na admissão e na transição de cuidados entre as unidades e alta hospitalar. A literatura evidenciou a importância do uso de escalas geriátricas para promoção do cuidado seguro, ações de educação permanentes como melhoria contínua, e de qualidade ao idoso hospitalizado
Avanços na compreensão e tratamento das doenças autoimunes
Authors: Barros Regina Wanderley de , Dantas Raissa Mayara da Silva , Santos Wanderson Paiva dos , Bohnenberger Gustavo , Sarmento Jamille Cerqueira Pedrosa Cavalcante , Lopes Aline Costa , Duarte Aline Graziele Godoy , Candido Maria Clara dos Santos , Alencar Wellington Douglas Santos de , Silva Rafaela da Conceição Paes Monteiro da , Sousa Fabiano Sousa e , Barbosa Thamyres Maria Silva
Published: May 2024

As doenças autoimunes são condições em que o sistema imunológico do corpo, ataca e destrói tecidos saudáveis do próprio organismo. Este mau funcionamento do sistema imune pode ser causado por uma confusão na identificação de células próprias do corpo, levando a uma resposta inflamatória que pode resultar em danos significativos e disfunção dos tecidos e órgãos afetados. O objetivo principal é avançar a compreensão dos mecanismos patogênicos e desenvolver estratégias terapêuticas inovadoras para o tratamento de doenças autoimunes. Para a realização desse estudo realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, selecionando artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO, e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Foram elencados como critérios de inclusão: artigos gratuitos em português e inglês que se tratassem da temática proposta. Como critérios de exclusão, foram desconsiderados os que não estivessem diretamente relacionados ao tema, bem como artigos que não estivessem disponíveis em texto completo ou em idiomas não compreendidos. A revisão resultou na seleção de 15 artigos que cobrem desde avanços genéticos, como estudos de associação genômica ampla (GWAS), até inovações em terapias biológicas, como anticorpos monoclonais e terapias baseadas em células. Esses estudos destacam a influência de fatores ambientais e genéticos na autoimunidade e oferecem novos alvos para terapias mais eficazes e personalizadas. A discussão revelou a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e integrada no tratamento das doenças autoimunes, considerando tanto os avanços científicos quanto as necessidades individuais dos pacientes. As tecnologias emergentes, como a edição genética e a manipulação da microbiota intestinal, prometem revolucionar ainda mais o campo, apesar dos desafios persistentes relacionados ao acesso e à equidade nos tratamentos. Ademais, os avanços significativos sublinhados por este estudo reforçam a necessidade de uma colaboração contínua entre pesquisadores, clínicos e pacientes para traduzir os progressos científicos em melhorias tangíveis no manejo das doenças autoimunes. A integração de novas tecnologias na pesquisa e prática clínica é crucial para o desenvolvimento de intervenções mais eficazes e personalizadas, que possam atender às complexas demandas dessa área médica.
Perfil de cobertura vacinal de ação antibacteriana em Goiás entre os anos 2017 e 2022
Authors: Tomé Giovanna Maria de Oliveira , Alves Gabriella Moraes , Arantes Gustavo Borges de Oliveira , Neves Isabella Beatriz Xavier , Melo Jean de Bessa , Borges Leonardo Silva , Silva Constanza Thaise Xavier , Silvestre Marcela de Andrade
Published: May 2024

Os imunobiológicos protegem as pessoas através de uma resposta imune estimulada ou através da imunidade de rebanho. A fim de obter sucesso, surge o Programa Nacional de Imunização, que através do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) disponibiliza os imunizantes, além disso, desenvolve programas e campanhas com o intuito de atingir as metas necessárias para desenvolver proteção contra as enfermidades. O presente estudo teve como objetivo relacionar o perfil de cobertura vacinal de ação antibacteriana no estado de Goiás entre os anos de 2017 a 2022. Tratou-se de um estudo ecológico sobre a cobertura vacinal dos imunobiológicos antibacterianos da caderneta de vacinação da criança. Os dados foram extraídos do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), utilizando o Sistema de Informações do Programa Nacional de Imunizações. Obteve-se como resultado, a observação da redução de 20% (p< 0,001) na distribuição dos números de doses aplicadas de BCG e aumento percentual de 44,8% (p < 0,001) para DTP, além disso não houveram diferenças significativas na distribuição da cobertura vacinal de Meningocócica C (conjugada) e Pneumocócica 10v (conjugada), visto que os percentuais foram de 9,6% (p= 0,803) e 8,5% (p= 0,814), respectivamente, para as macrorregiões de saúde do estado de Goiás entre os triênios analisados. Concluiu-se que, com a diminuição da abrangência vacinal no estado, disseminar o calendário vacinal e implementar novas políticas públicas de implementação e seguimento do PNI são algumas medidas cruciais para que as estratégias de vacinação se tornem mais equitativas entre estados e próximas das metas de imunização.
O fenômeno da judicialização da saúde no Brasil: análise pautada nos dados do CNJ existentes entre 2008 e 2023
Authors: Sebastiani Rafael Teixeira , Oliveira Rogério Nogueira de
Published: May 2024

A judicialização da saúde é um fenômeno crescente no Brasil, monitorado pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) por meio de dados processuais oficiais e revisões sistemáticas de artigos científicos. O CNJ produz relatórios analítico-propositivos, como o "Judicialização da Saúde no Brasil: perfil das demandas, causas e propostas de solução", abrangendo o período de 2008 a 2017, e o "Painel da Judicialização da Saúde", que contempla dados de 2020 a 2024. A análise quantitativa revela um aumento anual do fenômeno, demandando reflexão e ações para sua contenção. Este estudo concentra-se na relevância geral da judicialização da saúde para a academia, relações públicas e o Sistema Único de Saúde. Os métodos incluem a utilização dos dados do CNJ e pesquisa em plataformas acadêmicas como Scielo, Google Acadêmico e Academia.edu, com foco em publicações após 2019. Os resultados destacam a preocupação crescente dos poderes instituídos em encontrar soluções para conter e reduzir esse fenômeno. Assim, a análise quantitativa dos dados do CNJ, abrangendo o período de 2008 a 2023, e a revisão da literatura científica dos últimos cinco anos evidenciam a necessidade de discutir e propor soluções para o aumento contínuo da judicialização da saúde no país.
Explorando os mecanismos fisiopatológicos do Acidente Vascular Encefálico: uma análise abrangente da literatura
Authors: Santos Wanderson Paiva dos , Pianta Pedro Henrique , Matias Maria Débora Feitosa , Silva Letícia Bueno da , Gomes Camila Jardim , Menezes Mariana Rodrigues da Silva de , Bastos Mariane Cristine Silva , Gomes Talita Barbosa , Silva José Carlos Pacheco da , Hasegawa Julia , Moreira Sarah Goes Barreto da Silva
Published: May 2024

O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) configura-se entre as principais razões de óbito e limitações funcionais globalmente, sendo influenciado por diversos fatores de risco. que aumentam sua probabilidade de ocorrência. Este estudo visa analisar os principais fatores de risco associados ao AVC, abordando seus aspectos fisiopatológicos e as estruturas neuroanatômicas envolvidas, além de destacar as áreas afetadas e suas consequências clínicas. Realizado por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados como Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library on-line (SCIELO) e Sistema Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), inclui artigos relacionados à fisiopatologia do AVC, estruturas neuroanatômicas, fatores de risco e medidas preventivas. São discutidos os fatores de risco modificáveis ou controláveis, como hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, migrânea, dislipidemia, tabagismo e uso de anticoncepcionais, enfatizando a importância de ações educativas para promover hábitos saudáveis e controlar ou tratar esses fatores, a fim de prevenir sequelas, incapacidades ou mesmo fatalidades decorrentes desse evento vascular.
Impactos da prática regular de atividades físicas, no período pós-menopausa, em mulheres do agreste Pernambucano
Authors: Gomes Victor Vinícius Almeida , Verde Afonso Henrique de Carvalho Arco , Morais Filho Arthur Soares de , Silva Bruno Torres Santos , Marcolino Bruno Vinícius de Lucena , Freitas Carlos Eduardo Cavalcanti Almeida de , Silva Daniel Duda Santos da , Brito Vitor Caiaffo
Published: May 2024

No período pós-menopausa, as mulheres precisam lidar com as alterações do sistema reprodutivo e, além disso, uma diversidade de sintomas que perduram da transição menopáusica. Uma das estratégias para a diminuição desses sintomas é a prática regular de atividade física. Avaliar os impactos da prática de atividades físicas, durante o período pós-menopausa, em mulheres da região do Agreste Pernambucano. Pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, baseada em questionário. Foram selecionadas mulheres na pós-menopausa, que praticam atividade física regular na cidade de Caruaru/PE - Brasil. 26 mulheres foram selecionadas para o projeto. A idade média foi de 59,6 anos. A prática de atividade física foi estimulada pela Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) em 88,5% dos casos. Na amostra, 34,6% tem buscado outras formas, além da atividade física, para combater os sintomas pós-menopausa; enquanto que 65,4% realizam somente o exercício físico. Foi constatado que 73,1% das mulheres praticam atividades físicas regulares por um período maior que seis meses. Constatou-se uma melhoria nos sintomas relacionados ao estado emocional em 88,5%, qualidade do sono em 84,6% e atividade sexual em 26,9%  após o início da atividade física. A atividade física pode ser uma alternativa útil para o alívio dos sintomas relacionados à insônia e ao estado emocional decorrentes da menopausa. Contudo, não se mostrou eficaz para melhorar a atividade sexual; porém, o fato do questionário ser aplicado pelos pesquisadores homens pode ter influenciado na resposta.
Enfermeiros Examinadores de Vítimas de Violência e Agressores (EEVVA): relato de experiência
Authors: Musse Juliana de Oliveira , Braga Cristina , Ocon Carlos Alberto , Olímpio Aloísio , Capeloa Cristina Nunes , Reis Maria José dos , Isabella Adriana Paula Jordão , Pitanga Fernanda Sebastiana Mendes , Silva Diego Ferreira da , Marreira Marcelo , Muniz Claudia Cristina Soares , Filoni Eduardo , Douradinho Christian , Fernandes Antônio de Olival , Menezes João Carlos de Andrade
Published: May 2024

A Violência tem várias formas de apresentação, a Organização Mundial de saúde (OMS), vem buscando distinguir a natureza que culminam com o ato violento, que podem ter origem física, sexual, psicológica, ou sob a forma de abandono. O presente estudo trata-se de um relato de experiência que objetivou a qualificação e formação de Enfermeiros no atendimento a vítimas de Violência Sexual e Agressores. Os autores em sua maioria são membros e colaboradores da SOBEF – Sociedade Brasileira. O EEVVA curso de Enfermeiro Examinador Vítimas de Violência Sexual e Agressores foi criado pela SOBEF – Sociedade Brasileira de Enfermagem Forense, uma vez que é claro, que em nosso país esses profissionais são extremante necessários. A capacitação de enfermeiros no atendimento vítimas de violência é de extrema importância, seja atuando na prevenção de tráfico de pessoas, violência em todas suas formas contra grupo vulneráveis ou não, e ainda é um grande problema de saúde pública em nosso país. A formação de profissionais capacitados no atendimento destas vítimas pode minimizar os danos que a violência, um agravo que pode ser prevenido traz às vítimas. A vítima e o profissional que prestará o atendimento devem estar cientes dos sinais, sintomas e comportamentos sugestivos de abuso. Como os indicadores ou sintomas de abuso sexual são muitas vezes queixas inespecíficas e comuns, a observação do comportamento da vítima pelo profissional durante um exame físico é crucial. Dessa forma podemos concluir que o estabelecimento de protocolos para formar enfermeiros nesta área de atuação pode melhorar de maneira significativa as complicações e os efeitos que a violência traz à população exposta a ela.
Métodos não farmacológicos para o alívio da dor em prematuros em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: Paniz Maria Eduarda Falcão , Ferreira Carla Lizandra de Lima , Soccol Keity Laís Siepmann , Rangel Rosiane Filipin , Forgiarini Rossana da Rosa Walter , Pereira Adriana Dall’Asta
Published: May 2024

Identificar e analisar a produção científica sobre os métodos não farmacológicos utilizados pela enfermagem no alívio da dor de prematuros. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa, com uso da questão norteadora PICO. Resultados: Foram incluídos 11 estudos nesta revisão. Entre métodos não farmacológicos, foram encontrados: musicoterapia, glicose 25%, sacarose, sucção não nutritiva, posicionamento adequado, método canguru, amamentação, aleitamento materno. A Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) não é citada nos cuidados, mesmo sendo de grande importância para qualificar o cuidado. A enfermagem utiliza dos métodos não farmacológicos no alívio da dor em prematuros na UTIN, porém executam de maneira assistemática. A SAE é de extrema importância para organizar e planejar o cuidado prestado ao prematuro. A enfermagem é a profissão que está mais próximo aos prematuros, sendo responsável pela maioria dos cuidados prestados.
Evaluation of the eating habits of Polish esports players using the Quick Dietary Survey (QDS)
Authors: Szot Monika , Frączek Barbara
Published: May 2024

Background: Proper diet is crucial for the health and physical fitness for bothtraditional sport and esport. The study aimed to evaluate eating behaviours of elitePolish esports players using the QDS questionnaire.Methods: It was conducted on a group of 188 men aged 18-29 years, and a proprietarystandardized questionnaire for rapid dietary assessment (QDS) was utilized. A chi-square test was used for the statistical analysis, assuming a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The results indicate that among surveyed esports players, the largestpercentage of them adhered to the dietary recommendations related of fluid intake(75%), replenishing fluids during exercise (72.3%), consuming cereal products (67.6%),considering the recommended number of meals (62.2%), and adequately hydratingafter exercise (60.1%). The study found that the most frequent dietary irregularitieswere usage of dietary supplements without consulting a doctor or nutritionist (75.9%),low consumption of meat substitutes (66.5%), and inadequate intake of recommendedproducts such as pulses (64.4%), fish (62.8%), vegetables (53.3%), and whole graincereal products (51.1%).The study group was dominated by players characterised bylow (44.7%) and average (40.4%) levels of implementation of dietaryrecommendations, as indicated by the nutrition score used. A higher level of rationaldietary choices was observed in 14.9% of the group. Statistical analysis revealed nosignificant differentiation of the analysed dietary behaviours between professional andsemi-professional players (p > 0.05).Conclusions: The Quick Diet Survey (QDS) questionnaire used in the study is avaluable and reliable tool for rapid diet assessment. Therefore, the high prevalence ofinappropriate eating behaviours among esports players highlights the need fornutrition education.
A Numerical Investigation About Shrink Line Formation in TPMS Lattice Structures During LPBF Process
Authors: Gülcan Orhan , Günaydın Kadir , Simsek Ugur
Published: May 2024

Thermal nature of laser powder bed fusion process (LPBF) causes residual stress formation on the part during printing which may cause penetration of some layers towards inside or outside of the nominal geometry called shrink line. Shrink line affects dimensional accuracy and fatigue life of produced parts. The prediction of shrink line formation via numerical methods is important to mitigate the high cost of trial-and-error printing. This study focused on shrink line formation prediction in triply periodic minimum surface (TPMS) lattices produced by LPBF process. The effect of TPMS type, volume fraction, unit cell size, inclination angle of the lattice with respect to build platform, functional grading and material on shrink line formation were investigated. Numerical results revealed that shrink lines were formed only on Primitive lattices and input or control parameters used in this study directly influence the shrink line penetration depth due to different thermally induced stress formation between successive layers.
Ordsall Chord, Manchester: design of the UK's first network arch bridge
Authors: McCarron Pádraig , Crook Ian
Published: May 2024

As part of the Northern Hub project to improve rail travel in the North of England, Network Rail is building a new section of railway in Manchester. The Ordsall Chord will provide a direct link between the city's Piccadilly and Victoria stations, which will allow trains arriving from the east to reach Manchester Airport without congesting Piccadilly. The new link will require the construction of 330m of elevated railway viaduct. The viaduct will deviate from the mainline alongside Grade I and II listed structures, crossing the River Irwell and a dual carriageway to merge into existing lines. The challenges posed by designing such an ambitious project in a city location led to a myriad of structural options being considered. The selected option for the River Irwell span was an 89m single-span network arch bridge. On completion, the bridge will not only be the first network arch bridge in the UK, but also the second-longest in the world to carry twin heavy-rail tracks. This article gives an overview of the initial design processes that led to the proposition, recommendation and selection of the network arch-type bridge for this particular span within the overall system.
Sistem Sekolah dan Cabaran dalam Pembangunan Belia Negara: Satu Penelitian Terhadap Konsep Kerja Sosial di Sekolah2
Authors:   Jabatan Sains Kemasyarakatan dan Pembangunan Fakulti Ekologi Manusia Universiti Putra Malaysia, MD. NOOR AMNA
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK Kertas ini membincangkan mengenai peranan sekolah dalam pembangunan belia bagi melahirkan rakan kongsi dan kepimpinan masa depan negara yang berpotensi tinggi. Perbincangan adalah mengenai peranan sekolah dan bagaimana satu ‘seting’ perkhidmatan kerja sosial iaitu kerja sosial sekolah (school social work) boleh diperkasa bagi merealisasikan falsafah pendidikan negara dan mencapai objektif pendidikan. Huraian dibuat berdasarkan peranan sekolah, konsep kebajikan dalam praktis kerja sosial sekolah serta cabaran semasa masalah di sekolah. Kesimpulan dari perbincangan menjelaskan bahawa adalah penting untuk segera memperkasakan sekolah bagi menjamin kelahiran belia berpotensi tinggi sebagai rakan pembangunan negara. Penambah baikkan pada sistem sekolah dan proses pendidikan yang bakal dilalui oleh semua belia negara perlu sentiasa dilakukan seiring dengan perubahan dalam masyarakat dan mengambil kira proses globalisasi yang berlaku secara semula jadi. Kata kunci: Kerja Sosial Sekolah, Pembangunan Belia, Sistem Sekolah
Keberkesanan Kaunseling Mandatori Dari Sudut Pandangan Klien Belia
Authors:   Fakulti Ekologi Manusia Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, MUHD SHARIFF PAUL AZZAH SABRINA
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK Kaunseling telah berjaya dalam mengatasi masalah yang berkaitan dengan kesihatan mental, masalah tingkah laku dan isu perhubungan. Walaubagaimanapun, masih terdapat persoalan mengenai bagaimana keberkesanan kaunseling mandatori diperoleh. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberkesanan kaunseling mandatori dari sudut pandangan klien. Responden bagi kajian ini adalah empat orang remaja di salah sebuah sekolah yang diluluskan di bawah Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, di mana mereka diwajibkan menghadiri kaunseling oleh mahkamah di bawah Akta Kanak-kanak 2001. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, di mana satu temubual berstruktur telah dilakukan bersama klien yang telah menjalani sesi kaunseling mandatori. Analisis Kandungan Tema (Anderson, 2007) telah digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa terdapat tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi kepada keberkesanan kaunseling mandatori dari sudut pandangan klien, iaitu (a) faktor klien, (b) faktor kaunselor, dan (c) faktor proses kaunseling. Dua subtema yang boleh dirumuskan berdasarkan faktor klien iaitu perkongsian dan sikap klien terhadap sesi kaunseling mandatori. Bagi faktor kaunselor, dua subtema dapat dihasilkan, iaitu sikap dan kemahiran kaunselor di dalam sesi kaunseling mandatori. Faktor ketiga, iaitu faktor proses kaunseling menunjukkan bahawa tahap permulaan dan tahap penyelesaian masalah memainkan peranan yang penting di dalam proses kaunseling mandatori. Ketiga-tiga faktor ini saling berhubungan di antara satu sama lain dan penting dalam mempengaruhi keberkesanan kaunseling mandatori. Walaupun masih banyak persoalan mengenai keberkesanan kaunseling mandatori, telah dinyatakan oleh klien bahawa kaunseling mandatori merupakan satu intervensi psikologikal yang berkesan. Kata Kunci: Kaunseling Mandatori, Keberkesanan, Direktif.
Pemahaman Masyarakat Tentang Hukum : Studi Kasus di Suryanata Kelurahan Air Putih Kota Samarinda
Authors: Arianti Adeliah Dwy
Published: May 2024

Kesadaran hukum perlu untuk dipelajari guna untuk berlangsungnya   ketertiban yang ada di lingkungan masyarakat. Oleh sebab itu peneliti meneliti mengenai kesadaran hukum guna mengetahui bagaimana kesadaran hukum yang ada di masyarakat. Setelah peneliti meneliti, penelitit menilai bahwa masyarakat sekitar sudah paham dengan kesadaran hukum tersebut, dan mengenai keadilan hukum itu sendiri tergantung bagaimana seseorang tersebut mendapatkan keadilan. Artikel ini dibuat untuk memperoleh kepastian hukum dengan keadaan hukum saat ini terlebih di Indonesia. Indonesia belum memberikan kepastian hukum kepada warga Negara Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu peneliti mencari responden (masyarakat) untuk di wawancarai guna untuk mengetahui bagaimana kesadaran hukum yang mereka rasakan. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan kurangnya kesadaran hukum di masyarakat adalah kurangnya pemahaman masyaraakt mengenai kesadaran hukum. Artikel ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode empiris, yaitu semacam tulisan hukum yang mengambil hukum sebagai makna sebenarnya dan mempelajari bagaimana hukum bekerja di masyarakat dan juga metode ini melakukan penelitian individu yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan sosial, sehingga tidak heran banyak orang menyebutnya sebagai sosiologi hukum. Penelitian hukum ini didasarkan pada banyak fakta yang ada di masyarakat dan pimpinan RT.
Analisis Tingkat Kesadaran Hukum Bagi Masyarakat Studi di SMP Amina Syukur Samarinda
Authors: Putri Nur Aziizah
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dibuat untuk endeskripsikan mengenai apa itu hukum, untuk mengetahui bagaimana keadaan hukum saat ini, untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem hukum yang berlaku di lingkungan sekolah. Artikel ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode empiris, yaitu semacam tulisan hukum yang mengambil hukum sebagai makna sebenarnya dan mempelajari bagaimana hukum bekerja di masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai observasi kesadaran hukum yang terjadi di lingkungan sekolah dan masyarakat dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Masyarakat sudah memahami apa itu kesadaran hukum tetapi tergantung persepsi dan bagaimana seseorang tersebut merasakan keadilan dari hukum itu semdiri. Dan bahwa tata tertib akan membuat warga sekolah lebih disiplin dalam menjalankan dan melaksanakan tugasnya masing-masing. Tata tertib juga membuat peraturan sekolah lebih terarah dengan baik untuk terciptanya sekolah yang efektif dan efesien. dan kunci utama dalam penegakan sebuah aturan atau hukum di lingkungan sekolah adalah dimulai dari pimpinan, kepala sekolah adalah model/contoh bagi guru, karyawan dan juga siswa, dan guru adalah model/contoh bagi siswa.
Comparative Analysis of Organic and Chemical Pesticides: Impacts on Crop Health and Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Priyanka Kadam , Yadav Birendra Singh , Kote Ashwini , Yadav Rohan , Shejwal Pooja
Published: May 2024

Pesticides are indispensable tools in modern agriculture, aiding in the protection of crops against pests and diseases. Nevertheless, the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on human health and the environment have catalyzed a shift towards organic alternatives. This review critically assesses the use of both organic and chemical pesticides, evaluating their respective impacts on crop health and environmental sustainability. We delve into aspects such as efficiency, safety, environmental footprint, and regulatory frameworks surrounding these two types of pesticides, drawing insights from recent research. By synthesizing current knowledge, our aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advantages and limitations of organic and chemical pesticides, empowering stakeholders to make informed decisions towards sustainable agricultural practices.
Introduction to the special issue on twenty years of GEOTRACES: An international study of the marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and isotopes
Authors:   University of South Florida, Conway Tim , Fitzsimmons Jessica , Middag Rob , Noble Taryn , Planquette Hélène
Published: May 2024

This special issue of Oceanography celebrates the transformational findings of the international GEOTRACES program in chemical oceanography, 20 years after drafting of the GEOTRACES Science Plan in 2004 (GEOTRACES Planning Group, 2006). With the section cruise phase of the program ending soon, and a planned pivot toward smaller-​scale process studies, this is an opportune time to look back at the achievements of GEOTRACES during the last two decades and to highlight some of the advances in our understanding of the processes that determine the oceanic distributions of trace elements and isotopes (TEIs).
Menstrual pain in Australian adolescent girls and its impact on regular activities: a population‐based cohort analysis based on Longitudinal Study of Australian Children survey data
Authors: Cameron Lauren , Mikocka‐Walus Antonina , Sciberras Emma , Druitt Marilla , Stanley Katherine , Evans Subhadra
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To determine the proportion of Australian adolescent girls who experience menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea); to assess associations of dysmenorrhea and period pain severity with adolescents missing regular activities because of their periods.

Study design

Prospective, population‐based cohort study; analysis of Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) survey data.

Setting, participants

Female adolescents in the nationally representative cross‐sequential sample of Australian children recruited in 2004 for the Kinder cohort (aged 4–5 years at enrolment). Survey data from waves 6 (mean age 14 years), wave 7 (16 years) and wave 8 (18 years) were analysed.

Main outcome measures

Severity of period pain during the preceding three months (very, quite, a little, or not at all painful); number of activity types missed because of periods; relationship between missing activities and period pain severity.

Results

Of the 1835 participating female members of the LSAC Kinder cohort at waves 6 to 8, 1600 (87%) responded to questions about menstruation during at least one of waves 6 to 8 of data collection. At wave 6 (14 years), 227 of 644 respondents (35%) reported dysmenorrhea, 675 of 1341 (50%) at wave 6 (16 years), and 518 of 1115 (46%) at wave 8 (18 years). Of the 366 participants who reported period pain severity at all three waves, 137 reported no dysmenorrhea at all three waves (37%), 66 reported dysmenorrhea at all three waves (18%), 89 reported increasing period pain over time (24%), and 38 reported declining pain (10%). At wave 6, 223 of 647 participants reported missing at least one activity because of their periods (34%), 454 of 1341 at wave 7 (34%), and 344 of 1111 at wave 8 (31%). Of the participants who experienced very painful periods, 72% (wave 6), 63% (wave 7), and 65% (wave 8) missed at least one activity type because of their periods, as did 45% (wave 6), 36% (wave 7), and 40% (wave 8) of those who experienced quite painful periods.

Conclusions

A large proportion of adolescent girls in Australia experience period pain that affects their engagement in regular activities, including school attendance. Recognising adolescent period pain is important not only for enhancing their immediate quality of life with appropriate support and interventions, but also as part of early screening for chronic health conditions such as endometriosis.
Integrity of Financial Statements: An Empirical Study in Indonesia
Authors: Suzan Leny , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: May 2024

The integrity of financial reporting depends on the accuracy and objectivity of the data given. Another technique to assess a company's reliability in providing financial data is by looking at their reporting integrity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital, leverage, and the credibility of financial statements from an institutional ownership perspective. The following transportation and logistics businesses were chosen using a purposive sample technique: all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The research methodology for this study is panel data regression, and Eviews 10 will be used for data analysis. The study's findings indicate that all three independent factors have an impact on financial report integrity concurrently; institutional ownership has no effect, leverage has a negative impact, and intellectual capital has a partial positive impact.
Enamel and Its Interaction with the Oral Environment
Authors: Koontongkaew Sittichai , Utispan Kusumawadee , Dhananthat Chawhuaveang Darren , Yiru Yu Ollie , Worawongvasu Rattapong
Published: May 2024

Enamel, comprised of hydroxyapatite (HAP) units forming crystallites and rods, constitutes the structure of teeth. HAP is represented by the stoichiometric formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. However, biological HAP, found in enamel, deviates from this stoichiometry due to deficiencies in Ca2+, PO43–, and OH–, and contamination with CO32– and HPO42–, and trace elements within their lattice. Its integrity is influenced by saliva, oral bacteria, fluoride from oral care products, and dietary acids. Salivary glycoproteins form an acquired salivary pellicle on enamel, while oral microorganisms create dental biofilm, which can become cariogenic with increased sucrose levels. The cariogenic biofilm generates acids, which reduces hydroxyl and phosphate groups surrounding enamel, thereby lowering the ion activity product (Ip) of the dental biofilm fluid and saliva and resulting in enamel demineralization. Initial caries appear as subsurface lesions with crystallite dissolution, mitigated by topical fluoride promoting the formation of calcium fluoride-like reservoirs on tooth surfaces and within dental biofilm. Enamel becomes susceptible to irreversible wear with frequent and prolonged dietary acid exposure. Dental erosion, chemically induced below pH 4.5, dissolves fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite predominantly on the surface layer, without subsurface lesions. Understanding these processes is crucial for preventive strategies against dental caries and erosion.
Insights from Global, National, and Local Studies of Benign Biliary Disease for 2023
Authors: Lunevicius Raimundas
Published: May 2024

In the existing literature regarding benign gallbladder and bile duct diseases, there is an insufficient connection between biliary disease-specific descriptive epidemiology and clinical medicine, which are two distinct research areas. Global collaborative, national, single-centre and review studies of benign gallbladder and bile duct diseases and related surgical procedures were examined to gain insights into their highlighted trends, patterns, characteristics, comparisons and suggestions. A comparative analysis of the age-standardised prevalence and incidence of benign biliary diseases across 204 countries and territories changed the global narrative by indicating that they should not be stratified into Western and Eastern because the prevalence and incidence of these diseases mainly depend on the sociodemographic index (SDI) of the country instead of the geographical location or region. A high SDI does not always correspond to a high Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) index. Trends in the prevalence and incidence of benign biliary diseases are increasing. Age-standardised mortality rates increased by 25% between 1990 and 2020, and it was estimated that there was a 10% decrease in the total number of cholecystectomies from 2016 to 2019. Damage control and surgery limitations are gaining recognition in England, and this shift in gallbladder surgery has become apparent. A seven-fold increase in subtotal (or partial) cholecystectomies in England was estimated between 2000 and 2019. The trends in the application of tube cholecystostomy were similar. Cholecystolithotomy was performed for 1 of every 1250 patients. Bile duct injury rates are still correlated with high intraoperative difficulty. The suggested terms ‘subtotal open-tract cholecystectomy’ and ‘subtotal closed-tract cholecystectomy’ are distinct, mutually exclusive and consistent with the ideas connecting most works published during the past 124 years. Ethical considerations arising from direct long-term observations of biliary surgery practices and recent publications comprise a grey area of medical research. These insights have improved our understanding of benign gallbladder and bile duct diseases and how to prevent them; however, further evidence-based discussions are required. This work highlights the need to develop precision-based biliary medicine and surgery.
Pengembangan Media Interaktif Augmented Reality Berbasis Smartphone untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rais Risky Diya Amalia , Abdul Saman  , Herman
Published: May 2024

Kegiatan literasi khususnya pengenalan huruf pada anak usia dini merupakan kegiatan yang penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D dengan tujuan untuk 1) mengetahui gambaran kebutuhan media interaktif augmented reality berbasis smartphone yang dapat meningkatkan literasi pada anak usia dini, 2) mengetahui rancangan pengembangan media interaktif augmented reality yang dapat meningkatkan literasi pada anak usia dini, 3) mengetahui kevalidan dan kepraktisan media interaktif augmented reality untuk meningkatkan literasi pada anak usia dini, dan 4) mengetahui efektivitas media interaktif augmented reality untuk meningkatkan literasi pada anak usia dini. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan model 4D (define, design, develop, dan disseminate). Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas 7 orang guru dan 51 peserta didik. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) gambaran kebutuhan awal pengembangan media interaktif augmented reality berbasis smartphone diperoleh hasil bahwa rendahnya kemampuan awal anak dalam mengenali huruf, dan guru membutuhkan media augmented reality sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran yang dapat menarik minat anak untuk pengenalan huruf, 2) rancangan pengembangan media interaktif augmented reality didesain dengan beberapa tahapan yakni: analisis kebutuhan media, pembuatan media interaktif augmented reality, penyusunan buku panduan penggunaan media, angket respon guru, dan lembar observasi penilaian kemampuan literasi anak usia dini. 3) tingkat kevalidan diperoleh hasil sebesar 3,6 dengan kategori sangat valid, dan tingkat kepraktisan diperoleh hasil sebesar 91,98% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. 4) efektivitas media interaktif augmented reality dianalisis dengan uji t diperoleh hasil p value 0.000 < 0.05, artinya media interaktif augmented reality efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi anak usia dini.
Writing with ChatGPT
Authors: Mouser Ricky ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2024

Many instructors see the use of LLMs like ChatGPT on course assignments as a straightforward case of cheating, and try hard to prevent their students from doing so by including new warnings of consequences on their syllabi, turning to iffy plagiarism detectors, or scheduling exams to occur in-class. And the use of LLMs probably is cheating, given the sorts of assignments we are used to giving and the sorts of skills we take ourselves to be instilling in our students. But despite legitimate ethical and pedagogical concerns, the case that LLMs should never be used in academic contexts is quite difficult to see. Many primary and secondary schools are cutting back their writing instruction in an effort to teach to the test; at the same time, many high-end knowledge workers are already quietly expected to leverage their productivity with LLMs. To prepare students for an ever-changing world, we probably do have to teach them at least a little bit about writing with ChatGPT.
ChatGPT and the Writing of Philosophical Essays
Authors: Bohlmann Markus , Berger Annika M. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2024

Text-generative AI-systems have become important semantic agents with ChatGPT. We conducted a series of experiments to learn what teachers’ conceptions of text-generative AI are in relation to philosophical texts. In our main experiment, using mixed methods, we had twenty-four high school students write philosophical essays, which we then randomized to essays with the same command from ChatGPT. We had ten prospective teachers assess these essays. They were able to tell whether it was an AI or student essay with 78.7 percent accuracy, which is better than the Open AI Classifier. Interestingly, however, they used criteria like argumentative and logical flawlessness and neutrality. We concluded from this that they are using an inverted Turing test and are no longer looking for rationality in machines but for irrationality in humans.
Performative Shaming and the Critique of Shame
Authors: Allison Euan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2024

Some philosophers argue that we should be suspicious about shame. For example, Nussbaum endorses the view that shame is a largely irrational or unreasonable emotion rooted in infantile narcissism. This claim has also been used to support the view that we should largely abandon shaming as a social activity. If we are worried about the emotion of shame, so the thought goes, we should also worry about acts which encourage shame. I argue that this line of reasoning does not license the leap from the critique of shame to the critique of shaming. This is because shaming does not always aim to inflict shame on its targets. Many acts of shaming (which I label ‘performative shaming’) should simply be understood as aiming to serve their characteristic function of shoring up social norms and standards.
Improving Elementary School Students’ Wudu Ablution Skills With The Use of Images and Audio-Visual Props
Authors: Sa'duh Septria , Firmansyah Mhd. Zidan , Makruf Makruf , Sabri Ahmad , Hidayatullah Rully
Published: May 2024

This research aims to evaluate the ablution proficiency of second-grade students at 24 Biaro State Elementary School during the academic year 2023/2024 and to explore the effectiveness of using visual and audio-visual media in enhancing this skill. Previously, ablution instruction at this school primarily relied on lecture-based methods that often failed to actively engage students, resulting in suboptimal learning outcomes. However, with the introduction of visual and audio-visual aids as a new innovation in ablution instruction, the learning environment has become more stimulating and interactive. The use of these media provides students with the opportunity to actively participate in the learning process. They can clearly observe the correct sequence and techniques for performing ablution, both in physical movements and in reciting relevant verses. The importance of accurate pronunciation in ablution recitations is also emphasized, prompting the researcher to adopt a method of reciting the verses aloud to swiftly detect and correct pronunciation errors. Data collected from this study were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The results indicate a significant improvement in ablution proficiency when visual and audio-visual media are employed in instruction. Comparisons of students' practical test results from pre-cycle to cycle II show consistent improvement, with the highest scores achieved in cycle II. This confirms the hypothesis that the use of visual and audio-visual aids can enhance ablution proficiency among second-grade students at 24 Biaro State Elementary School.
Women and The Journalist Profession (Phenomenological Study of The Professionalism of Women Journalists Within the Samarinda City Government)
Authors: Fitri Ellysa , Agustian Jaka Farih , Purwanti Silviana , Hairunnisa Hairunnisa
Published: May 2024

The strategic position of journalists in the public sphere must be considered. Besides being increasingly in demand, this profession has become a promising profession and has a career path. This study aims to understand the challenges and strategies used by women journalists in the Samarinda City Government in carrying out their role as professionals. The research method used is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, which helps to describe the reality that occurs in society. Four female journalists who met the research criteria were interviewed and observed to collect data. The results showed that women journalists in the Samarinda City Government face challenges from their surroundings. These challenges include the empowerment of normative rights that have not been optimal, difficulties in obtaining sources, including their different characteristics, the existence of fake journalists, and gender bias in the newsroom and the field. In addition, the double burden of carrying out their profession is also a problem they need help with. Despite this, these female journalists still try to maintain their professionalism. They construct themselves as professional journalists by understanding that their profession is a form of responsibility and commitment. They maintain standards of professionalism by prioritizing the code of ethics, ethical awareness, knowledge, and competencies possessed. In this way, they strive to stay relevant and in a professional carriage in the face of the ever-growing flow of news.
The Archetype of Festival Culture: Symbolism in Nawruz and Korean Festivities
Authors:   Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (Seoul, Korea), SHIN GYU SEOB , LEE JONG OH ,   Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (Seoul, Korea)
Published: May 2024

Although Persia played a major role as an archetypal culture, traditional scholarship holds that it degenerated into a “lost civilization,” and only its intermediary role between Eastern and Western civilizations has been recognized. Even so, the customs and ritual ceremonies of Persia, particularly as seen in the festival of Nawruz (the New Year Festival), have the oldest cultural roots in the world, and their influence is still prevalent globally. There is a need to rediscover Persian civilization and culture, which has been pushed to the margins, to reinterpret its symbols, and to restore its position as an archetype. This paper utilizes the festival of Nawruz as a primary example of the lasting influence of Persian culture, as seen in the Iranian Festival of Fire, symbolism in certain numbers and rituals, and the correlation of several ritual images from ancient Persia to their more contemporary counterparts in Korea and other Asian regions. Keywords: Persian culture, Nawruz festival, Korea, East Asian History, Symbolism of the Numbers, Significance of the Two Fishes, Festival of Fire
“If the Sun Shines on Him once more, He will Live two Lives”: Exhuming the Dead in Eastern Serbia
Authors:   Institute for Balkan Studies of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Belgrade, SORESCU-MARINKOVIĆ ANNEMARIE , REPEDŽIĆ ALEKSANDAR ,   Museum of Ponišavlje in Pirot, Serbia
Published: May 2024

Until the final decades of the 20th century, the Vlachs of Eastern Serbia practiced a rather unusual funerary custom about which very little was known: exhuming people who died very young 40 days after the funeral, so that the inconsolable family could see them once more. Apart from bringing peace and consolation to the family, it seems that the belief behind this custom was that if the corpse is taken out of the grave once more, so that the sun shines on it, the deceased would have two lives. The rare ethnographic references from the beginning of the previous century indicate a wider spread of the phenomenon in Eastern Serbia, among the Vlachs, but at the end of the 20th century, when the last exhumations were done, only a few villages in the Homolje region celebrated the custom. This paper draws on the few Serbian ethnographic sources from the first half of the last century and on the limited later mentions, and presents the narratives recorded by the authors in 2022 with Vlach interlocutors who had heard about the ritual, conducted it, or took part in it between 1970 and the 1990s. Special attention is paid to the area in which this phenomenon took place, situations in which the exhumation was done, and the beliefs underlying it. Keywords: funerary customs, traditional culture, burial, exhumation, Balkans.
Ioan Pop-Curșeu, Ștefana Pop-Curșeu, Witchcraft in Romania (book review)
Authors:   Doctoral School “History, Civilization. Culture” at Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca, CUREA LOREDANA IONELA
Published: May 2024

(book review) Ioan Pop-Curșeu, Ștefana Pop-Curșeu, Withcraft in Romania, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, 331 p., ISBN 978-3-031-15221-4