bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Growth Performance of Camel Calves Feeding on Natural Range Land and Supplementary Diet
Authors: Ebrahiem MA
Published: August 2021

The study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementary feeding on the young camels calve growth rate and daily gain. A total of 16 heads of young male camel calves from the Arabic camel breeds were selected and div ided into four equal groups (1, 2,3,4). Four heads of camel calves in each group, their body weight ranged from 176 - 220 kg. Experimental animal in group one was control supplemented nothings jus t depend on the natural range land, group two was feed on watermelon seeds, group three was allowanced concentrated diet composed of ground nut cake and the animals in group four intake mixture diet consist of watermelon seeds and ground nut cake 50% for e ach. The body weight of the experimental animal was determined biweekly using table balance. The random complete experimental design was used and the Analysis of variance and Tukey test were applied for data analysis and means separation. The results indic ated that the average Body weights of the camel calves were 174.75±3.3, 275.93± 9.0, 241.50± 8.5 and 236.50±8.2 Kg, in group one, two, three and four respectively. The higher body weight was recorded in group two (275.93±9 Kg) in which the animals feed on watermelon seeds and followed by group three and four (241.50± 8.5 and 236.50±8.2) respectively. On the other hand the less camel calves body weight was obtained in group one (control) that experimental animals not intake supplementary feeding. Highly diff erences (P ≤ 0.01) were obtained in the body weight between the groups. The daily gain of the first group, second, third and fourth were 214±12g, 624±28g, 542±19g and 528±12g, respectively, while no significant differences (P ≥ 0.01) between diets groundnut cake 242 kg and mixture diet 237 kg. The protein content was higher in ground nut cake 41% when compared to the protein content in watermelon seeds 36%, on the other hand the percentage of fat was highest in watermelon seeds 27.8% compared to ground nut ca ke 13.4%.
The Effect of Husbandry and Management System on Sudan Desert Sheep Leather Production and Quality
Authors: MA Ebrahiem
Published: August 2021

This trail is aimed to demonstrate the effect of husbandry and management system on Sudan desert sheep performance and skin quality. For this purpose a questionnaire was designed and distributed randomly for 20 sheep breeders in each of the five chosen sheep breed area’s (Total of 100 ques.). The questionnaire include beside the personal data, twenty two (22) questions mainly about; system of feeding and application methods in each season, husbandry systems in each season , the main effective treatments on skins quality and common skin diseases and external parasites. The results revealed that, most of Sudan desert sheep owners or breeders were illiterate and most of them were herder 48.0%, while 37.5% were herder and farmer at the same time. All respondents confirmed that the open system depending on natural grazing was the main h usbandry and management system in all study target area. In autumn sheep depends totally on natural pasture grazing, while in winter sheep partly fed on natural grazing and the breeders complete it's feeding depending on the litter that remained from food crops after harvesting. Sudan desert sheep breeder in summer are using their stock of forage hay that collected either during the rainy season from good growing autumn pastures or from agricultural byproducts such as sorghum and sesame straw or groundnut r esiduals. The additional diets is varies by the variation of Sudan desert sheep locations. sometimes when forage are limited and for marketing purposes Sudan desert sheep breeders adding little amount or uncountable amount of sorghum grains, cotton seed ca kes, groundnut seed cake as finisher diet concentrate beside agricultural byproducts such as groundnut byproduct hay, sorghum byproduct hay and sesame byproduct hay for the herd that offered for sale or for fleshing or steaming up ewes during lambing seaso n. Branding is the most common and known damage in skins generally. Also some animal breeder's belief that by means of hot iron branding some animals may acquire immunity against certain diseases. The respondents attributed causes of mechanical damages of skins of animals on range land mainly to the domination of thorny bushes and grass with hairy and spiny seeds in pastures. External parasites and skin diseases cause most of skins damages and wastages in Sudan generally. Sheep pox spreads on sheep skins wi th high rates (88%). On the other hand, mange are resulting in (8%) of sheep skins infections. However, ticks infect most of sheep skins (80%), when Lice infection estimated at 20% of sheep skins.
Adaptation of Teaching-Learning Models Due to Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenge Towards Teachers Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Munastiwi Erni
Published: August 2021

Pandemic covid-19 has a significant impact on the world of education. Changes in the learning system affect the learning process. The problem arises felt by educators of east Kalimantan palm oil plantations related to online learning support facilities. Network limitations and communication tools become a separate¬¬ problem in educating the nation's children during the covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to identify strategies, methods, obstacles, and solutions for teachers in solving problems during the covid-19 pandemic. The research was conducted through qualitative methods, involving three elementary school teachers. Observation data retrieval techniques, interviews, and documentation. Test the data's validity by triangulation the sources .the research subjects of three educators in Teladan Prima Benua Baru and Teladan Prima 01 elementary schools. Data analysis using Miles &Huberman consists of three activities that coincide: data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing. The results showed obstacles, namely smartphone ownership, the unavailability of network coverage for the internet, TV, radio, limited teaching materials, student home distance, student discipline, parental limitations in accompanying children to learn, and time constraints. Teacher problem-solving strategies include implementing blended learning, creating learning groups, regular visits to students, partnering with parents, adapting teaching plans, optimizing electronic media, and utilizing creative media. Thus, aspects of problem-solving skills are essential for educators.
The Credibility of Listening Learning Videos for Elementary School Students
Authors: Ardinata Kadek , Parmiti Desak Putu
Published: August 2021

The limitations of appropriate learning media in online learning make listening skills difficult to teach. The purpose of this study is to develop listening learning videos for first-grade elementary students. This research is development research using ADDIE model, analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, due to the pandemic situation, this research is only carried out until the development stage. The subjects in this study were two media experts, two material experts, and two practitioners. The method of data collection used in this study is the questionnaire method. The validity of the learning video is measured using the instrument rating scale in the form of an assessment sheet. Data analysis techniques use qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. This study produced a listening learning video for first-grade elementary school students. The average validation score obtained in the listening learning video is 4.71, and the average material validation score is 4.81, with excellent criteria. Based on the study results, listening learning videos are declared valid and can be used in learning.
A NEW Suaeda RECORD FOR FLORA OF TURKEY: Suaeda aegyptiaca (Hasselquist) Zohary (CHENOPODIACEAE/AMARANTHACEAE)
Authors: BAŞKÖSE İsa , YAPRAK Ahmet Emre
Published: August 2021

In this study, Suaeda aegyptiaca (Hasselquist) Zohary is reported as a new record for Turkish flora from Akçakale district in Şanlıurfa province. The species is classified under section Salsina Moq. of the genus Suaeda Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel. in Suaedoideae subfamily. The comprehensive description, distribution maps in Turkey, habitat features, morphological characteristics and digital images of the species are given.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Motorik Halus Melalui Kegiatan Membatik
Authors: Winarsih Winarsih
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study to describe the process and learning outcomes through the implementation of batik activities that can improve fine motor skills of children in group A kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustaanul Athfaal Ciracas, East Jakarta, Year 2015/2016. The subjects of this study were 10 children. The research method used is based upon the model of action research which consists of four phases, including planning, action, observation and reflection. The study consisted of two cycles where each cycle consists of eight meetings. Data analysis techniques used in this research is the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. Analysis of qualitative data by data reduction, data display and data verification. Quantitative data analysis with descriptive statistics that compare the results obtained from pre-action, the first cycle and the second cycle. The results of this study showed an increased fine motor skills through activities batik, can be proved by the average level of performance development (TCP) fine motor skills of children in pre-action amounted to 21 increased in the first cycle and the second cycle to 34 to 44. Keywords: Fine motor skills, batik activities, early childhood DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiip.v1i1.18010
Does the etiology of infertility have any effect on perinatal outcomes?
Authors: Alemdaroğlu Songül , Doğan Durdağ Gülşen , Yılmaz Baran Şafak , Çok Tayfun , Şimşek Erhan , Bulgan Kılıçdağ Esra , Tarım Ebru
Published: August 2021

Objective Pregnancies after in vitro fertilization (IVF) are associated with a less favorable outcome compared to natural conception as consistently shown in various studies. However, etiologic factors behind this issue remain to be elucidated. We aimed to demonstrate whether the etiology of infertility has a role on poor pregnancy outcomes in IVF pregnancies. Methods In this retrospective case control study; IVF and spontaneous singleton pregnancies were investigated. The infertile patients were divided into six groups according to the etiology of their infertility (anovulation, male factor, tubal factor, endometriosis, unexplained infertility and poor ovarian reserve). The incidence of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, preterm birth and birth weight discrepancies was examined between the groups and subgroups. After adjusting the confounding variables for each infertility subgroup such as demographic data, embryo stage in transfer (blastocyst against cleavage stage) and fresh and frozen embryo transfer status, the effect on pregnancy outcomes was investigated using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results The study included 934 patients in the IVF group and 1009 patients in the control group. While adverse pregnancy outcomes were more frequent in the general infertility group in comparison to the control group, after elimination of the confounding variables, the direct effect of the etiology of infertility on these outcomes could not be shown. Conclusion In the IVF pregnancies, most of the increased risk of poor pregnancy outcomes appeared to be explained by maternal characteristics (such as age, body mass index) and by treatment protocols rather than infertility etiology. Physicians should consider these risks while counselling patients.
The effects of body mass index, smoking and anemia on fetal birth weight
Authors: Çintesun Ersin , İncesu Çintesun Feyza Nur , Aydoğdu Meltem , Taşkın Emine , Ateş Mete Can , Güler Abdul Hamid , Çelik Çetin
Published: August 2021

Objective Fetal growth is an important indicator of fetal health. Low birth weight (LBW) is also associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Numerous factors that affect fetal weight have been identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of body mass index, smoking, and anemia on fetal birth weight on term pregnant women who had vaginal delivery in our clinic. Methods This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study. This study included patients who had a spontaneous vaginal delivery at our hospital between January 1st, 2018, and June 15th, 2020. Measurements of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels during birth supported the diagnosis of anemia. Hb levels were compared in three categories in this study: (1) Hb<10 g/dL; (2) ≥10<11 g/dL; and (3) Hb ≥11 g/dL. Anemia was defined as having a Hb level <11 mg/dL. Birth weight was categorized as LBW <2500 g; normal birth weight (NBW) as ≥2500–3999 g, and macrosomia as ≥4000 g. Results Analysis was performed on 1428 pregnant women. There was a statistically significant difference for the Hct and Hb subgroups between the groups (p<0.05). Fetal birth weight was found higher in the non-smoking group than in the smoking group (3302.1± 381.5 g vs. 2839.7±491.5 g; p<0.001). Body mass index (BMI) and Hb levels positively predicted fetal birth weight (β=0.134; p<0.001 and β=0.051; p=0.046), smoking was negatively predicted fetal birth weight (β=-0.245; p<0.001). Conclusion BMI, Hb levels, and smoking status during mothers’ delivery are effective on fetal weight. Smoking was the strongest predictor of fetal birth weight compared with the other variables.
Empty fetal renal fossa results of a tertiary center
Authors: Toprak Erzat , Tutuş Şadan
Published: August 2021

Objective Our aim is to present the anomalies included empty renal fossa (ERF) in the ultrasonographic examination performed in the perinatology outpatient clinic of our hospital in 2020. Methods Ultrasonography requests were made in Kayseri City Hospital Perinatology Outpatient Clinic between January 1 and December 31, 2020, and 2405 ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 1961 pregnant women. The reports of the patients were analyzed retrospectively after the ethics committee approval of our hospital was obtained. All ultrasonographic examinations were performed by an experienced perinatologist using Samsung HS70A (Hampshire, UK), probe CA 1-7A. The fetuses diagnosed with empty renal fossa were screened in terms of accompanying anomalies and the detected anomalies were noted. Results Pregnant women were between 13 and 34 (mean 23.9) years old and their gestational ages were between 17 and 34 weeks. The incidence of empty renal fossa was found to be 0.75% for all pregnant women. An empty renal fossa finding was observed in a total of 15 fetuses. Horseshoe kidneys were present in four fetuses (0.20%), bilateral renal agenesis was present in five fetuses (0.25%), left renal agenesis was present in two fetuses (0.10%), pelvic kidneys (one on the right and two on the left) were present in three fetuses (0.15%), and crossed fused ectopic kidney was present in one fetus (0.05%). Conclusion The cause of ERF seen with anhydramnios is bilateral renal agenesis. In the presence of normal amniotic fluid, it should be considered that ERF may be due to various reasons and since the prognosis may change according to the accompanying anomalies, we must increase the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis.
Association between low first trimester maternal serum PAPP-A levels and presence of unilateral or bilateral uterine artery diastolic notches
Authors: Tülek Fırat , Gemici Ali , Kahraman Alper
Published: August 2021

Objective Uterine artery impedance is known to have an effect on first trimester aneuploidy screening biomarkers. In this study we aim to compare first trimester screening parameters in women with and without uterine artery diastolic notches. Methods This retrospective case control study was conducted in a single tertiary center by obtaining medical records of women that admitted for first trimester pregnancy follow-up. Singleton pregnancies without structural anomalies, chromosomal anomalies and obstetric complications were included in the study. 268 women with first trimester unilateral uterine artery diastolic notches are constituted study group 1, 149 women with bilateral uterine artery diastolic notches constituted study group 2. 200 women were randomly selected as control group. Results Significantly decreased PAPP-A levels were found in both study groups. PAPP-A levels were even lower in women with bilateral notches in comparison to unilateral notches. Fetal birth weights and gestational ages at birth were also found significantly lower in study groups. Beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels and nuchal translucency measurements were found similar. Prevalence of false positive first trimester aneuploidy screening test results were significantly higher in women with bilateral uterine artery diastolic notches. Conclusion Presence of first trimester uterine artery diastolic notches, particularly the presence of bilateral diastolic notches, is related with decreased PAPP-A levels in first trimester aneuploidy screening and lead to higher false positive rates in first trimester aneuploidy screening and consequently more unnecessary invasive procedures.
Comparison of the pregnancy outcomes of the patients with severe symptoms who received medical treatment for COVID-19 versus the patients with mild-moderate symptoms
Authors: Yüksel Semra , Tuna Güray , Ketenci Gencer Fatma , Yaşat Nacar Hatice , Salman Süleyman
Published: August 2021

Objective COVID-19 has spread all over the world since December 2019. There is little evidence concerning maternal or perinatal outcomes up to now. The present study aimed to compare pregnant women with severe and mild-moderate COVID-19 symptoms in terms of maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methods The study group was composed of pregnant patients admitted to our tertiary center with symptoms and diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). The patients were categorized into two groups: severe and not severe, and women determined as in the severe disease group were hospitalized. The patients were continued to their routine follow-up, their maternal and perinatal outcomes were recorded. Results A total of 52 patients were enrolled in the study: 59.6% presented mild-moderate disease and 40.4% presented severe disease. The gestational age at diagnosis of COVID-19 was higher in the patients with severe symptoms than in patients with mild-moderate symptoms (median 20.5 vs 28.0, respectively, p=0.048). There was no difference between those two groups in terms of maternal and perinatal outcomes. Conclusion Despite the growing number of published studies on COVID-19 in pregnancy, there are insufficient quality data to draw conclusions about the severity of COVID-19 in symptomatic pregnant women and its maternal and neonatal consequences. In our study, there is no difference between mild-moderate and severe groups in terms of maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Yangının Toprakların Bazı Makro ve Mikro Besin Elementleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Authors: PALTA Şahin
Published: August 2021

Makro ve mikro bitki besin elementleri bitkilerin büyümesi ve gelişmesi için oldukça önemli olan kimyasal toprak karakteristiklerindendir. Bitki besin elementlerinin bir kısmı bitkiler için hayati önem taşırken bazıları ise bitkilerin daha iyi gelişmesine yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışma Bartın İli, Arıt Beldesi, Darıören mevkiinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırma alanında bulunan bir sekonder mera alanında 29 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde yangın meydana gelmiştir. Yangının toprakların fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özellikleri üzerinde etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı yangından kısa süre sonra toprakların bazı makro ve mikro besin elementleri üzerinde meydana gelen değişikliklerin araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla belirtilen yangın tarihinden tam bir ay sonra araziye çıkılmıştır. Arazide karşılaştırma yapabilmek amacıyla yanmış sekonder mera alanı, yanmamış sekonder mera alanı ve yanmamış tarım alanı olmak üzere üç tip çalışma alanı belirlenmiştir. Her çalışma alanından 10’ar tane toprak örneği alınmıştır. Alınan toprak örneklerinde makro besin elementlerinden kalsiyum ve magnezyum; mikro besin elementlerinden sodyum, demir, bakır, çinko ve mangan analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre; yangının bazı besin elementleri üzerinde istatistiki anlamda farklılıklar oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Yangın sahasında, kalsiyum, demir, bakır ve mangan içeriklerinin yanmamış alana kıyasla artmış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yangının magnezyum ve sodyum içeriklerini istatistiki anlamda düşürdüğü bulunmuştur. Ancak, toprakların çinko içeriklerinde istatistiki anlamda bir fark bulunamıştır.
Evaluation of Beta CAPM under Financial Leverage Scenarios in Viet Nam Real Estate Industry under Financial Leverage
Authors: Anh Phan
Published: August 2021

This paper evaluates the impacts of external financing on market risk for the listed firms in the Vietnam real estate industry. In order to propose evidence for establishing policies in risk management and governance, authors use live data of stock price and rates form bank system and Vietnam stock exchange. Research findings show that  when estimating asset and equity beta of total 45 listed companies in Viet Nam real estate industry with a proper traditional model, beta values, in general, for many institutions are acceptable. Then, under 3 different scenarios of changing leverage (in 2011 financial reports, 30% up and 20% down), we recognized that the risk level, measured by equity and asset beta mean, decreases (0,348) when leverage increases to 30% and it increases (0,385) if leverage decreases down to 20%. And by changing leverage in 3 scenarios, we recognized the dispersion of risk level, measured by equity beta var, increases if the leverage increases to 30%. And the asset beta var value is quite small, showing leverage efficiency.
What are effects of tax changes on market risk? - a case in listed Viet Nam investment and financial service companies
Authors: Anh Phan , Trung Nguyen Dinh , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc
Published: August 2021

The financial crisis has been affected many global stock markets, as well as the Viet Nam stock exchange. This study analyzes the impacts of tax policy on market risk for the listed firms in the non-banking financial service and investment industry, so-called financial service industry, as it becomes necessary. First, by using quantitative and analytical methods to estimate asset and equity beta of total 10 listed companies in Viet Nam financial service industry with a proper traditional model, we found out that the beta values, in general, for many companies are acceptable. Second, under 3 different scenarios of changing tax rates (20%, 25% and 28%), we recognized that there is not large disperse in equity beta values, estimated at 1,048, 1,050 and 1,052.These values are just little higher than those of the listed VN construction firms but much higher than those of listed banking firms. Third, by changing tax rates in 3 scenarios (25%, 20% and 28%), we recognized equity /asset beta are most the same (0,23 and 0,16) if tax rate increases from 20% to 25%, then goes up from 25% to 28%.
Identifying the components of government policy based on the role of pressure groups in Iran
Authors: Darafarin Seyed Taher
Published: August 2021

This  research aims at identifying the government political components based on the role of pressure groups in Iran using qualitative methods. The methodology of this research was grounded theory and interview tool. The statistical sample in this research was experts including 22 individuals who are the present and periodic representatives of the Islamic Consultative Assembly in Iran. This research was conducted in 3 coding processes of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. According to the obtained results from this research, 71 codes were identified by interviewers which were classified in 6 grounded theory networks including axial issue, casual condition, contextual condition, intervening condition, policies, and consequences. Finally, the obtained results were validated.
Zespół Kounisa – interdyscyplinarny problem na styku alergologii i kardiologii y
Authors: Feusette Magdalena , Kapeluszna Katarzyna , Moos Łukasz , Feusette Piotr , Sacha Jerzy , Gierlotka Marek , Brzoza Zenon
Published: August 2021

Life-threatening anaphylaxis is a systemic hypersensitivity reaction that may be allergic or non-allergic. Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome caused by an allergic reaction. Food, environmental factors, drugs, radiological contrast agents and some disease states are among the etiological factors that trigger an allergic reaction. Kounis syndrome is a relatively rarely recognized cause of myocardial infarction, which is most likely due to its underdiagnosis. The presented case concerns a patient with a history of ischemic heart disease after coronary angioplasty. Until the insect stings, the course of the angina was stable. The course of the allergic reaction was turbulent and met the criteria for anaphylactic shock. Subsequently, the patient developed unstable angina. The clinical picture and additional tests allowed to diagnose a myocardial infarction in the patient. The coincidence of myocardial infarction with a history of an insect sting allows for the recognition of an allergic reaction as a trigger for acute coronary syndrome. The described case highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the patient and regular supervision during the use of specific immunotherapy in the course of allergy to Hymenoptera venom, as well as the inclusion of Kounis syndrome in the differential diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes.
New types of almost contact metric submersions
Authors: Matamba T.Tshikuna
Published: August 2021

We introduce the concept of conjugaison in contact geometry. This concept allows to define new structures which are used as base space of a Riemannian submersion. With these new structures, we study new three types of almost contact metric submersions.
Cost of Illness of Malaria in Coastal Karnataka, India
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, K Affan
Published: August 2021

Background: Malaria is one of the major health issues in developing and underdeveloped countries. It is considered to be one of the main reasons for morbidity and mortality. This study intends to estimate the cost of illness of malaria at the household level and health service utilisation pattern for malaria treatment in coastal Karnataka. Materials and Methods: It was a secondary data-based cross-sectional study comprising people suffering from malaria during the period from September to December 2016. Result: The median gross total cost of illness (a single episode of malaria) was 4,000 INR, the median direct medical cost was zero, and the median direct non-medical cost was 100 INR. The majority of individuals (92.2%) took treatment from public healthcare sectors. Conclusion: The effective implementation of anti-malarial interventions by the District Health Authority, District Vector Borne Disease Control Office, and treatment from public health sectors resulted in negligible direct medical cost which made a remarkable reduction in the cost of illness of malaria.
A Comparative Study of Malaria Diagnosis Using Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT) and Microscopy in Fever Patients in East and West Kupang District, Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Nusa Cendana, Indonesia, Lidia Kartini
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease that is still a world health problem, especially in tropical countries including Indonesia. Itis still a major cause of death in both adults and children. The majority of cases occur in the African region (93%), followed by Southeast Asia including Indonesia (3.4%), and the East Mediterranean region (2.1%). The number of deaths due to malaria globally in 2018 reached 405,000, a decrease compared to416,000 in 2017 and 585,000 in 2010. In the era of theCOVID-19 pandemic. Aim: This study is useful to provide a descriptive picture of the number of malaria casesthat presented with fever, which is also a common symptom of COVID-19. Methods:This research is an interventional descriptive study with the aim of comparing the number of malaria cases with fever symptoms diagnosed through microscopic examination and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) at the Batakte Health Centre located in West Kupang (Group 1) and at the Naibonat Health Centre (Group 2) located in East Kupang. The total sample in this study were 128 people with fever symptoms. In each group, the malaria blood smear was examined and RDT was carried out. Result: The Result of the study revealedthat there were no malaria cases found in both Batakte Health Center and the Naibonat Health Center during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the Batakte and Naibonat Health centres in terms of malaria diagnosis using both microscopy and RDT.
Role of Pro-inflammatory IL-8 and Anti-inflammatory IL-10 Cytokines in Dengue Severity
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, SGT Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, India, Sharma Mukesh
Published: August 2021

Introduction: During dengue infection, cytokine levels may increase as various cytokines are released from infected inflammatory cells. This study was conducted to measure the levels of cytokines IL-8 and IL-10 in dengue patients and correlate them with dengue severity. Material & Methods: A prospective study was conducted on febrile patients suspected of dengue fever, seeking medical care in our institute. 107 cases confirmed to have dengue fever (by NS1/ IgM ELISA) and 100 healthy individuals with age and sex matched, were included in the study. The clinical features of all patients were recorded, and cytokine levels of IL-8 and IL-10 were estimated by ELISA in the dengue patients and healthy controls. Results: Out of 400 febrile patients suspected of having dengue fever, 107 (26.75%) cases were confirmed cases, of which 56 (52.3%), 20 (18.7%), and 31 (29%) were positive for only NS1 antigen, only IgM antibody, and both NS1 and IgM, respectively. Depending on the severity of the disease, 9 (8.5%) cases were classified as severe dengue cases while 98 (91.5%) as non-severe dengue fever. Mean levels (pg/ml) for IL-8 were 281.6 ± 76.6, 150.41 ± 55.9 and 75.4 ± 49.2 in severe dengue, dengue fever, and healthy controls respectively while for IL-10, the values were 219.4 ± 150.5, 38.9 ± 67.2, and 6.6 ± 0.65 among severe dengue cases, dengue cases, and healthy controls, respectively. Conclusion: Mean level of cytokines IL-8 and IL-10 were significantly raised in severe dengue patients as compared to non-severe dengue patients and healthy controls, suggesting their role in causing severe disease and as a potential predictor for disease severity and fatal outcome.
Long Term Health Sequelae of COVID-19: A Review
Authors:   Professor of Medicine & Head, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India, Kumar Naresh
Published: August 2021

The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on 11th March, 2020. COVID-19 infection predominantly manifests as pulmonary symptoms that may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The data on extra-pulmonary manifestations of acute COVID-19 are available. Most patients who have COVID-19 recover well within months. Currently, more than 50 million people have recovered globally. Many reports of patients with persistent severe symptoms and significant end-organ damage after SARS-CoV-2 infection have also been observed. As COVID-19 is a relatively new disease, future sequelae aren’t well established. Major adverse outcomes were found to affect different body systems: respiratory system (lung fibrosis and pulmonary thromboembolism), cardiovascular system (cardiomyopathy), and neurological system (sensory dysfunction and stroke). Mental health of COVID-19 patients were also found to be adversely affected. This review describes the effects of SARS-CoV-2 taking into account the previous experiences with SARS-CoV-2 and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus that caused SARS in 2003 and MERS in 2012 respectively. This review aims to update on the long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlight the necessity for patient monitoring following the acute stage of infection with SARS-CoV-2 to provide ground for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of these potential long-term sequelae and to complete the natural history of COVID-19.
Unusual Neurological Manifestation of Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in a Postpartum Woman: A Case Report
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MAMC and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India, Shakarwal Shalini
Published: August 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the global spread of the disease (COVID-19) at present. Our understanding of the impact of the virus on the nervous system is limited. The involvement of CNS and neurological manifestations reports are further limited in obstetrical cases. We are reporting a case of an unusual presentation of COVID-19 infection in an admitted P2L2 postpartum woman who developed multiple episodes of seizures on postpartum day 8 of lower segment caesarean section, with no prior history of seizures or hypertension. This report will add to a rare neurological manifestation of COVID-19 in pregnancy.
Chemical and geochemical modeling. Thermodynamic models for binary fluoride systems from low to very high concentration (> 35 m) at 298.15 K
Authors: Donchev Stanislav , Tsenov Tsvetan V. , Christov Christomir
Published: August 2021

In this study we developed well validated thermodynamic models for solution behavior and solid-liquid equilibrium for all fluoride binary systems, for which activity data are available. The subject of modeling study are 5 fluoride systems of the type 1-1 (HF-H2O, NaF-H2O, KF-H2O, RbF-H2O, and CsF-H2O) and one of 1-2 type (H2SiF6-H2O) from low to very high concentration at 298.15 K. Models are developed on the basis of Pitzer ion interactions approach. The recommendations on mean activity coefficients (γ±) have been used to construct the model for HF-H2O system. To parameterize models for all other 5 binary systems we used all available raw experimental osmotic coefficients data (φ) for whole concentration range of solutions, and up to saturation point. The predictions of new developed here models are in excellent agreement with experimental osmotic coefficients data, and with recommendations on activity coefficients in binary solutions from low to very high concentration: up to 20 mol. kg−1 in HF-H2O, and up to 35.6 mol.kg−1 in CsF-H2O. The Deliquescence Relative Humidity (DRH (%)) and thermodynamic solubility products (as ln Ko
sp) of 4 solid phases [NaF(s), KF.2H2O(s), RbF(s), and CsF(s)] have been determined on the basis of evaluated model parameters and using experimental m(sat) solubility data.
Hepatotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction after lead (Pb) exposure and the protective effect of fennel essential oil of this toxicity in Wister rats
Authors: Lemita Loubna , Djabri Belgacem , Gasmi Salim , Amani Yousfi , Rouabhi Rachid , Ben Aicha Brahim
Published: August 2021

The present work focuses on evaluation of the toxic effects of an exposure to lead (Pb) on the liver mitochondria function in Wistar rats and the protective role of the fennel essential oils (FEO).

The experiments were conducted on Wistar rats, which were treated daily through orally gavages during 21 days. 24 animals were divided into four groups of 6 rats each one: the control group received water, while group II received FEO (0.5 mg/kg); group III received Pb (25 mg/kg), and group IV received Pb + FEO in the doses of (0,5 + 25 mg/kg). The mitochondrial dysfunction induced by lead is expressed by reducing mitochondrial respiration (O2 consumption) associated with an increase in mitochondrial swelling and permeability compared to the control group. A disturbance in the rates of oxidative stress biomarkers was also observed. This disturbance was expressed by an increase of the MDA rate and the Cytochromes C activity associated with depletion in the GSH rate and GPx activity compared to the control group. The rat’s co-treatment with FEO restored all these parameters to values similar to the Control.

The whole of these results shows well that the exposure to the lead causes disturbances on the level mitochondrion, which are attenuated by fennel essential oils.
Ophrys sphegodes subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó & D.M.Moore (Orchidacea): a new subspecies for the Bulgarian flora
Authors: Zahariev Dimcho
Published: August 2021

Ophrys sphegodes subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó & D.M.Moore is a Balkan endemic, for which so far there are data for distribution only on the territory of 2 countries: Greece and Albania. During a study of the flora of the Voyvodsko plateau, located in the northeastern part of the Republic of Bulgaria, in April 2019 a locality of this species was discovered. The development of the population in the period April 2019 - May 2021 was monitored. The population consists of 3 individuals located on an area of 0.5 m2. Of these, 2 individuals are in a generative state and 1 individual is in a vegetative state. The abiotic and biotic conditions in the habitat are described. It is characterized by a rich floristic diversity: the associated species are 60 in number. Anthropogenic impact has been reported. The prospects for the existence of the population are indicated. It is proposed to declare the territory around the locality a protected area in order to preserve the habitat from negative anthropogenic impacts.
Germination of common winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) treated with unconventional preparations
Authors: Dochev Veselin
Published: August 2021

The study was conducted in the laboratory of the Agricultural Institute of Shumen. The germination energy and germination of winter wheat variety Venka 1 are reported following the adopted methodology. The germination energy was recorded on the fourth day of the experiment, and the germination and measurement of the coleoptile – on the eighth day. 10 granules of the following homeopathic preparations are pre-dissolved in distilled water: Calcium sulfuricum 6 D, Thallium sulfuricum 6 D, Sulfur, Graphites 6 D, Selenium, Ferrum metallicum 10 D, Magneziun fluoratum 10 D, Arsenicum album 12 D, Causticum Hanenmanni 30 D, Zincum metalicum 30 D.

The tested homeopathic preparations have no proven effect on the germination energy and germination of seeds in wheat variety Venka 1. The variants treated with the homeopathic preparations Thallium sulfuricum and Sulfur have been proven to exceed the standard one in terms of coleoptile length. Тhis work will serve as a basis the study of other homeopathic preparations to determine their impact on uniform germination and their aftereffect on plant growth.
Laboratory Testing of Small-Scale Active Solar Façade Module
Authors: Narbuts Janis , Vanaga Ruta , Freimanis Ritvars , Blumberga Andra
Published: August 2021

Buildings are linked to a significant untapped energy saving potential, accounting for 40 % of European Union’s (EU) final energy and 36 % of CO2 emissions. Energy efficient building envelopes plays the key role to achieve decarbonization of the EU’s building stock by 2050. Active building envelopes are emerging and novel trend offering the paradigm shift in perception of building enclosures. Paper presents study of active solar façade containing phase change material for energy storage. Study seeks for optimisation of solar façade module by introducing dynamic component and variating in the composition of module itself to ensure faster energy harvesting and minimise the heat losses at discharging phase. Comparative tests were carried out in laboratory, in controlled heating and cooling conditions to evaluate impact of dynamic component. The dynamic component has reflective inner coating that focuses solar radiation on the element in heating phase and aerogel insulation filling in the blades that decreases heat loss in the cooling phase. Varying components in the design were used– thickness of aerogel insulation, Fresnel lens and width of concentrating cone diameter. Wide range of phase change material average temperature was observed 24 °C in setups with full aerogel filling to 50 °C in setup Fresnel lens. Average temperature in phase change material was reached higher in all setups with dynamic component compared to identical setups without dynamic component. Temperature differences were in the range from 1 °C in aerogel filled setups till 6 °C in setups with Fresnel lens.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE RETAILING INDUSTRY OF LEBANON
Authors: Tarhini Bassam , Hafiz Layal
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 has changed many aspects of human lives. Life was paused for a while and humanity has been exposed to many threats unprepared at most levels. Several studies were conducted to understand human behavior amid crises and their behavior during COVID-19. Panic and spiritual buying dominates the buying behavior.
This research investigates the emerged trends to the retail industry amid COVID-19. Several hypotheses were tested to understand the cause and effect relationship between the brick-and-mortar and online shopping. In order to reach a realistic result a quantitative research was conducted and a non-probability convenience sampling method was used where 191 respondents answered the survey questions on a 5 point Likert and nominal scales.
It was found that consumer behavior is common across different countries amid COVID-19 with slight variation related to online shopping due to lack of trust with online sources. It was noticed that Lebanese post the pandemic became less price sensitive towards health products as they seek quality and willing to pay more to get it.
MUO BAKASAI: UPACARA BALIMAU KASAI DALAM KARYA TARI
Authors: Oktaviani Rizki
Published: August 2021

Karya Muo Bakasai terinspirasi dari sebuah upacara tradisi Balimau Kasai di Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Balimau kasai merupakan sebuah upacara sebagai sarana penyucian diri, dan juga sebagai bentuk ucapan rasa syukur dan ungkapan kegembiraan menyambut datangnya bulan Ramadan, yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Kampar di tepian Sungai Kampar. Tradisi ini juga dijadikan sebagai sarana silaturahmi untuk memperkuat rasa kekeluargaan dan persaudaraan antar sesama muslim dengan saling mengunjungi dan meminta maaf. Tradisi ini diawali dengan menyiapkan bahan ramuan yang akan digunakan untuk mandi yaitu air rebusan limau dan kasai. Kasai adalah ramuan wangi-wangian yang digunakan sebagai pelengkap mandi Balimau ini. Karya tari ini menggunakan tipe tari dramatik dengan pola garap koreografi kelompok delapan penari, empat penari putra dan empat penari putri, sebagai simbolisasi masyarakat yang melaksanakan tradisi Balimau Kasai. Bentuk penyajian karya ini adalah simbolis representasional, dengan tipe dramatik yang terdiri empat adegan yakni, introduksi, adegan satu, adegan dua dan adegan tiga. Gerak-gerak dalam karya ini disesuaikan dengan tema tentang penyucian diri dan kebersamaan, juga menggunakan beberapa unsur-unsur gerak dalam tari poncak daerah Kampar sebagai pola gerak dasar dalam karya ini. Muo Bakasai's work was inspired by a Balimau Kasai tradition ceremony in Kampar regency, Riau Province. Balimau kasai is a ceremony as a means of self-purification, and also as a form of gratitude and expression of joy to welcome the coming of Ramadan, conducted by indigenous Kampar Regency on the banks of Sungai Kampar. This tradition is also used as a means of friendship to strengthen the sense of kinship and fraternity among fellow Muslims by visiting each other and apologize. This tradition begins by preparing the ingredients that will be used to bathe the water of lime and chilli stew. Kasai is a perfumed herb used as a complement to this Balimau bath. The form of presentation of this work is symbolically representational. This work is packed with a dramatic type of dance, with four scenes namely introduction, scene one, scene two and scene three. The movements in this work are adapted to the theme of self-purification and togetherness, and also use some elements of motion in the Kampar Poncak dance as the basic motion pattern in this work.
BAWINE: KARYA TARI YANG TERINSPIRASI PADA CITRA PEREMPUAN BUTON
Authors: Bolu Waode Muriani Ekasari Virno
Published: August 2021

Bawine dalam bahasa Buton berarti perempuan. Karya tari ini terinspirasi dari sosok perempuan Buton yang ditulis dalam buku Perempuan dalam Khabanti yang sangat ingin melakukan segala sesuatu sesuai dengan keinginannya tetapi dibatasi oleh aturan tradisi yang tidak membolehkan wanita bekerja, bersekolah, dan menentukan jodohnya sendiri. Karya ini juga dikaitkan dengan keadaan perempuan Buton saat ini yang bebas menentukan jalan hidup dan memilih hak untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi. Tari Bawine ditarikan oleh tiga penari wanita yang masing-masing memiliki peran masing-masing. Penari pertama menggambarkan perempuan yang masih terkungkung, penari kedua menggambarkan wanita tradisi yang menjadi pisau bedah untuk ke luar dari aturannya, dan penari ketiga menggambarkan perempuan dari generasi sekarang yang bebas menentukan pilihannya. Bawine is a Buton language which means female. This dance work is inspired by the female figure of Buton written in the book Perempuan in Khabanti, who is keen to do everything with his desire but is limited by traditional rules that do not allow women to work, go to school, and determine their own soul mates. This work is also associated with today's women who are free to determine the way of life and choose the right to continue their education at a higherlevel. Bawine dance is danced by three female dancers who each have their roles / characters. 1) dancers who describe their constraints, 2) dancers who describe traditional women who become scalpels to get out of their rules, and 3) dancers who describe women who have been associated with the present who are free to make their choices.
TARI SEKURA SEBAGAI MEDIA PELESTARI TOPENG SEKURA DARI LIWA LAMPUNG BARAT
Authors: Susantri Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Tulisan ini membahas usaha pelestarian kebudayaan yang dimediasi oleh sebuah karya seni tari yang muncul dari kebudayaan itu sendiri. Topeng sekura sebagai produk kebudayaan dalam rangkaian acara adat Pesta Sekura Cakak Buah menjadi lebih dikenal semenjak lahirnya tari Sekura. Proses kreatif penciptaan tari Sekura tidak hanya menghasilkan sebuah karya seni namun mendapatkan posisi yang lebih ‘mulia’ yaitu sebagai media promosi yang memperkenalkan topeng sekura ke berbagai tempat yang dulunya justru tidak mungkin untuk digapai. Tulisan ini tidak hanya memaparkan keberhasilan karya tari dalam melestarikan sebuah produk kebudayaan namun bagaimana perjalanan terbentuknya kebudayaan tersebut sehingga menjadi menarik untuk dilestarikan dan menjadi alasan mengapa harus dipromosikan. This paper discusses cultural preservation efforts mediated by a dance work which arises from the culture itself. Sekura mask as a cultural product in the series of traditional evebts pf the Sekura Cakak Buah festival has become more well known since Sekura dance was born. The creation creative process of Sekura dancedoes not only produse an art work but also obtain a more ‘precious’ position as a promotional medium which acquaints the Sekura mask into various places that previously are impossible to reach. This paper does not only elaborate the succes of dance works in preserving a cultural product but also how is the process of cultural formation it self becomes attractive to be preserved and becomes the reason why it should be promoted.