bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación entre estilos parentales, intensidad psicopatológica y tipo de sintomatología en una muestra clínica adolescente.
Authors: Antón San Martín Jose Miguel , Seguí-Durán David , Antón-Torre Laura , Barrera-Palacios Ana
Published: April 2016

An investigation was conducted to analyze the relationship between perceived parenting styles, presented intensity psychopathology and externalizing-internalizing dimensions in a clinical sample of adolescents aged 13 to 18. The results found indicate that the psychopathological intensity is associated with age, with older age and over intensity; and with female gender. Only two dimensions of perceived parenting style were found related to psychopathological intensity: psychological control negatively and humor positively. As opposed to other studies consulted, the psychological control dimension appeared linked to externalizing symptoms and not with internalizing.
Investigating the Mediator role of Social Safeness on the Relationship between Forgiveness and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Akin Umran , Akin Ahmet
Published: April 2016

The aim of the present study is to examine the mediating effect of social safeness on the relationship between forgiveness and life satisfaction. Participants were 311 university students who completed a questionnaire package that included the Trait Forgiveness Scale, the Social Safeness and Pleasure Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. According to the results, social safeness and life satisfaction were predicted positively by forgiveness. On the other hand, life satisfaction was predicted positively by social safeness. In addition, social safeness mediated on the relationship between forgiveness and life satisfaction. The results were discussed in the light of the related literature and dependent recommendations to the area were given.
Influencia en la elección de modo de transporte de la información sobre variabilidad en el tiempo del viaje, beneficios personales y daño ambiental del coche versus transporte público
Authors: López-Sáez Mercedes , Lois David , Morales José Francisco
Published: April 2016

The influence of information about travel time variability, personal benefits, or environmental damage from cars or public transportation on commuting mode choice (car or subway) is examined in an experimental study. In addition to these experimentally manipulated variables, the influence of prior attitudes towards the subway was verified. The sample is made up of habitual users of the car to travel to work (N = 220, age M = 37.4, SD = 8.1, 63.2% women). The results show that providing information about the advantages of public transportation, as well as prior attitudes towards the subway, decrease the preference, choice and perceived control of car use. Of the experimentally manipulated variables, information about the variability of travel time had the greatest influence. These results highlight the importance of taking into account these variables to implement institutional campaigns to reduce car use as transport mode.
The role of psychological inflexibility in Beck’s cognitive model of depression
Authors: Ruizq Francisco J. , Odriozola-González Paula
Published: April 2016

Beck’s cognitive model of depression proposes that depressogenic schemas have an effect on depressive symptoms by increasing the frequency of negative automatic thoughts in response to negative life events. We aimed to test a moderated, serial mediation model where psychological inflexibility, a core concept of the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) model of psychopathology, both mediates and moderates the relationship between depressogenic schemas and the frequency of negative automatic thoughts. A cross-sectional design was used in which 210 undergraduates responded to questionnaires assessing the constructs of interest. Results supported the proposed moderated mediation model. Both psychological inflexibility and negative automatic thoughts were significant mediators of the relationship between depressogenic schemas and depressive symptoms, and psychological inflexibility also moderated the effect of depressogenic schemas on negative automatic thoughts. We conclude that the role of psychological inflexibility in the cognitive model of depression deserves more attention.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) in elderly people
Authors: Rubio Laura , Dumitrache Cristina G. , Cordón-Pozo Eulogio , Rubio-Herrera Ramona
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) in a sample of 243 older people age 55 to 99 years old. The first order factorial structure was similar to the structure of the original version of the CSI and to the Spanish adaptation with general population. Furthermore high levels of internal consistency and of convergent validity were observed in the different primary scales. Nevertheless the problem avoidance scale did not surpass the validity and reliability tests. Due to it we propose to delete two of the items of this scale.  On the other hand, in this study we confirmed the secondary and tertiary structure obtained in the original version of the inventory that was neither confirmed in the Spanish adaptation study nor the other studies on the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the CSI.
Adaptation of an entrepreneurial motivation scale into Spanish.
Authors: Boada-Grau Joan , Sánchez-García José-Carlos , Viardot Eric , Boada-Cuerva Maria , Vigil-Colet Andreu
Published: April 2016

This study follows the theoretical framework put forward by Robichaud on entrepreneurial motivation. The objective was to adapt the original French scale of 17 items into Spanish and to analyze its psychometric properties. The participants in the present study were 981 Spanish employees (46.5 % men and 53.5 % women). After carrying out exploratory factor analyses and ESEM (RMSEA = .06; CFI = .95 and TLI = .95), revealed a structure comprised of three factors: Family security (α =.82), Independence and autonomy (α =.83), and Intrinsic motivations (α =.77). These three factors displayed adequate reliability. We also found evidence of validity with regard to a series of external correlates and various scales that have to do with workaholism, irritation and burnout. The present scale may prove useful for adequately identifying entrepreneurial motivation.
La cabeza y el cuerpo: Teología, política y género en Luis Vives
Authors: García Pilán Pedro
Published: April 2016

Se analiza el papel de la metáfora del cuerpo místico en las obras de Vives sobre el matrimonio y la educación de la mujer cristiana como ideología que legitima la subordinación de la mujer. Se propone a continuación que tal metáfora es también la clave de la opción ascética de matrimonio defendida por Vives. Finalmente, se plantean algunas diferencias y similitudes del humanista valenciano con autores posteriores.
Un professor valencià exiliat recorda l’exiliat Lluís Vives
Authors: Garcia Raffi Josep Vicent
Published: April 2016

Julià Amo i Morales fou un mestre, advocat valencià compromés amb la República i l’ensenyament. Va lluitar a la guerra i, després de passar per un camp de concentració francès, va exiliar-se a Mèxic des del 1939. Fou un reconegut bibliògraf en el país americà i va escriure en diaris i revistes. També va col·laborar en publicacions de l’exili. En una d’elles, Quaderns de l’Exili, va escriure un article sobre Lluís Vives en un monogràfic sobre el País Valencià. Un text que reproduïm i que és un repàs personal de la vida i l’obra del filòsof valencià, una reivindicació de la seua valenciania. Però també li desperta els records d’estudiant a la Universitat de València on hi ha al mig del pati l’escultura de Lluís Vives.
Apuntes apologéticos a De institutione foeminae christianae de Juan Luis Vives
Authors: Sebastián Raúl Francisco
Published: April 2016

En mi artículo propongo una aproximación apologética a la obra de Juan Luís Vives titulada: De institutione foeminae christianae. Prescindiendo de los elementos criticables en dicha obra, por reducir el ámbito de formación educativa de las mujeres. Intentaré aproximarme a los aspectos positivos y la contribución de Vives en favor de una pedagogía de la mujer. Sin embargo, no podemos ser ingenuos y hay que reconocer que Vives es un hijo de su tiempo y que su obra hereda algunos de los prejuicios característicos de su contexto social e histórico que se refiere al papel de las mujeres.
Vives, educador
Authors: Hernàndez Francesc J.
Published: April 2016

Vives, educador
Ciclos de movilización y crisis de derechos humanos. La acción colectiva de las ONG nacionales y los derechos humanos en México
Authors: Hincapié Jiménez Sandra , López Pacheco Jairo Antonio
Published: April 2016

This article is a contribution to studies of collective action and human rights mobilization. Two paradigmatic conjunctures in human rights advocacy in Mexico are analyzed and compared using the methodological proposal of cycles of mobilization, arguing that national NGOs have been key players in collective action to generate dynamics of pressure on governments, obliging them to introduce changes in institutional dynamics and socializing human rights discourse to facilitate its appropriation by broad social groups.
Íconos, sentidos e identidades en movimiento: estrategias, prácticas y discursos en una comunidad musulmana de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: García Somoza Mari-Sol , Valcarcel Mayra Soledad
Published: April 2016

We analyze the processes of identity reconstruction in a Shiite community in Buenos Aires taking the effects of globalization and transnational phenomena into account. First, we reflect on the institutional strategies, practices and symbolic resources deployed by its members to define their presence in the public space. We then look at the impact of Political Islam on this group’s praxis and discursive rhetoric. Finally, we explore the relationship between political-religious language, the promotion of traditional family morality and corporal inscription —especially among the women— of Muslim identity. We conclude that turning certain diacritics of identity into icons and supporting certain political causes allows them to vindicate their belonging to a lineage of believers and to negotiate their position within the Argentine socio-religious field.
Ultrasensitive mass sensing method based on slow light in cavity optomechanics
Authors: He Yong , Jiang Meiping
Published: April 2016

We present a novel approach using an ultrasensitive mass sensor to evaluate adsorbed mass in cavity optomechanics. The group delay of a transmitted signal field pulse can be adjusted by varying the optomechanical cooperativity, which depends on the effective mass of a mechanical resonator. We derive the linear relationship between the group delay and the adsorbed mass, and define the mass sensitivity of the proposed mass sensor. The results show that the mass sensitivity is determined by the temporal resolution of the evolution of the transmitted signal field pulse. Finally, we demonstrate a mass sensor at the attogram scale for measuring gold nanoparticles.
Effect of wall potential on morphology of symmetric diblock copolymers in nanotrench
Authors: Yoshida Akihisa , Yoshimoto Kenji , Ohshima Masahiro
Published: April 2016

We have investigated the morphology of symmetric poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) diblock copolymers in narrow trenches by performing Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. We considered two types of interactions between the PMMA-attractive trench walls and the PS-b-PMMA. First, an exponential-type wall potential was applied to the PMMA segments to attract them to the wall, which has been widely used for the coarse-grained MC model. In the second case, only the PMMA blocks initially located near the trench wall were adsorbed to the wall. In both cases, the number of the PMMA lamellae was step-wisely increased each time the trench was widened by ∼1.0L
0 (L
0: lamellae period in the bulk). However, due to its considerably thin PMMA layer, the trench width in the second case had ∼0.7L
0 offset from that in the first case. These results imply the importance of interfacial characterization between the diblock copolymers and the trench walls.
AS MOTIVAÇÕES PARA DEIXAR DE SER INTRAEMPREENDEDOR E SE TORNAR EMPRESÁRIO.
Authors: Pereira Leandro Mariano , Hashimoto Marcos Hashimoto
Published: April 2016

Summary: Some companies seek to retain the most talented employees by giving them the opportunity to become intrapreneurs and develop their ideas without having to leave the company. Despite the incentives and freedom, not all employees want to become intrapreneurs and end up leaving their jobs to form their own businesses. The purpose of this paper is to present a case of a company that has taken advantage of this phenomenon to use their intrapreneurs as a way to expand the business turning them into entrepreneurs of their own businesses. In this research, the studied company operates in the tourism sector and is entrepreneurial oriented. We analyzed the trajectory of five of its former employees who set up their own businesses connected to the employer business. The results indicate that even with an organizational environment that fosters the entrepreneurial spirit in people, organizations need to admit that the business itself is the natural way of their best intrapreneurs. Rather than lose these employees, to encourage them to create new companies directly or indirectly linked to the organization's business can be a good way to reinvent organizational structures through the creation of a network of companies created by former employees that we call here External Entrepreneurial Orientation.Keywords: intrapreneurship, Entrepreneurial orientation, Entrepreneurship, New business creation, entrepreneurial profile, Organizational Innovation, Corporate Entrepreneurship.
Innovative Entrepreneurship and Competitive Performance: The Prime/Brazil Case
Authors: Zen Aurora , Ferrari Dambros Ângela Maria , Ignez dos Santos Rhoden Marisa
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of a Support Program to Innovative Entrepreneurship on the competitive development of the supported companies. We carried out a study about the PRIME Program – First Innovative Company –, realized by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) of Brazil and its Studies and Projects Financing agency (FINEP), in partnership with Incubators, from the standpoint of the companies favored by the program, with a focus on competitive development and local development. Therefore, we decided to apply a qualitative study of multiple cases on the companies selected through RAIAR incubator, of Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). The data analysis helped understand the impact of the program on the studied companies, as well as observe the indicators that were mostly influenced by the program. The results may contribute to the National Innovation Systems (SNI) and related public policies.
Hydrothermal iron flux variability following rapid sea level changes
Authors: Middleton Jennifer L. , Langmuir Charles H. , Mukhopadhyay Sujoy , McManus Jerry F. , Mitrovica Jerry X.
Published: April 2016

Sea level changes associated with Pleistocene glacial cycles have been hypothesized to modulate melt production and hydrothermal activity at ocean ridges, yet little is known about fluctuations in hydrothermal circulation on time scales longer than a few millennia. We present a high‐resolution record of hydrothermal activity over the past 50 ka using elemental flux data from a new sediment core from the Mir zone of the TAG hydrothermal field at 26°N on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge. Mir sediments reveal sixfold to eightfold increases in hydrothermal iron and copper deposition during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by a rapid decline during the sea level rise associated with deglaciation. Our results, along with previous observations from Pacific and Atlantic spreading centers, indicate that rapid sea level changes influence hydrothermal output on mid‐ocean ridges. Thus, climate variability may discretize volcanic processing of the solid Earth on millennial time scales and subsequently stimulate variability in biogeochemical interactions with volcanic systems.
Tunable Optical Mode Ferromagnetic Resonance in FeCoB/Ru/FeCoB Synthetic Antiferromagnetic Trilayers under Uniaxial Magnetic Anisotropy
Authors: Li Shandong , Li Qiang , Xu Jie , Yan Shishen , Miao Guo‐Xing , Kang Shishou , Dai Youyong , Jiao Jiqing , Lü Yueguang
Published: April 2016

Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) is one of the most important characteristics of soft magnetic materials, which practically sets the maximum operation speed of these materials. There are two FMR modes in exchange coupled ferromagnet/nonmagnet/ferromagnet sandwich films. The acoustic mode has relatively lower frequency and is widely used in radio‐frequency/microwave devices, while the optical mode is largely neglected due to its tiny permeability even though it supports much higher frequency. Here, a realistic method is reported to enhance the permeability in the optical mode to an applicable level. FeCoB/Ru/FeCoB trilayers are carefully engineered with both uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling. This special magnetic structure exhibits a high optical mode frequency up to 11.28 GHz and a maximum permeability of 200 at resonance. An abnormally low inverse switch field (<200 Oe, less than 1/5 of the single layer) is observed which can effectively switch the system from optical mode with higher frequency into acoustic mode with lower frequency. The optical mode frequency and inverse switch field can be controlled by tailoring the interlayer coupling strengths and the uniaxial anisotropy fields, respectively. The tunable optical mode resonance thus can increase operation frequency while reduce operation field overhead in FMR based devices.
Large‐Size Growth of Ultrathin SnS2 Nanosheets and High Performance for Phototransistors
Authors: Zhou Xing , Zhang Qi , Gan Lin , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou
Published: April 2016

2D SnS2 nanosheets have been attracting intensive attention as one potential candidate for the modern electronic and/or optoelectronic fields. However, the controllable large‐size growth of ultrathin SnS2 nanosheets still remains a great challenge and the photodetectors based on SnS2 nanosheets suffer from low responsivity, thus hindering their further applications so far. Herein, an improved chemical vapor deposition route is provided to synthesize large‐size SnS2 nanosheets, the side length of which can surpass 150 μm. Then, ultrathin SnS2 nanosheet‐based phototransistors are fabricated, which achieve high photoresponsivities up to 261 A W−1 (with a fast rising time of 20 ms and a falling time of 16 ms) in air and 722 A W−1 in vacuum, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of back‐gate voltage and air adsorbates on the optoelectronic properties of the SnS2 nanosheet have been systematically investigated. In addition, a high‐performance flexible photodetector based on SnS2 nanosheet is also fabricated with a high responsivity of 34.6 A W−1.
The Excellence of Both Worlds: Developing Effective Double Perovskite Oxide Catalyst of Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Room and Elevated Temperature Applications
Authors: Hua Bin , Zhang Ya‐Qian , Yan Ning , Li Meng , Sun Yi‐Fei , Chen Jian , Li Jian , Luo Jing‐Li
Published: April 2016

The efficiencies of a number of electrochemical devices (e.g., fuel cells and metal‐air batteries) are mainly governed by the kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Among all the good ORR catalysts, the partially substituted double perovskite oxide (AA′B2O5+δ) has the unique layered structure, providing a great flexibility regarding the optimization of its electronic structures and physicochemical properties. Here, it is demonstrated that the double perovskite oxide, i.e., NdBa0.75Ca0.25Co1.5Fe0.5O5+δ, is a good ORR catalyst at both room and elevated temperatures. Under ambient condition, its half‐wave potential of ORR in alkaline media is as low as 0.74 V versus RHE; at 650 °C, the cathodic polarization resistance is merely 0.0276 Ω cm2 according to a symmetric cell measurement, whereas the solid oxide fuel cells using this cathode exhibit a maximum power density of 1982 mW cm−2. From various materials characterizations, it is hypothesized that its excellent ORR activity is strongly correlated with the crystallographic, electronic, and defect structures of the materials.
Bendable Solar Cells from Stable, Flexible, and Transparent Conducting Electrodes Fabricated Using a Nitrogen‐Doped Ultrathin Copper Film
Authors: Zhao Guoqing , Kim Soo Min , Lee Sang‐Geul , Bae Tae‐Sung , Mun ChaeWon , Lee Sunghun , Yu Huashun , Lee Gun‐Hwan , Lee Hae‐Seok , Song Myungkwan , Yun Jungheum
Published: April 2016

Copper has attracted significant interests as an abundant and low‐cost alternative material for flexible transparent conducting electrodes (FTCEs). However, Cu‐based FTCEs still present unsolved technical issues, such as their inferior light transmittance and oxidation durability compared to conventional indium tin oxide (ITO) and silver metal electrodes. This study reports a novel technique for fabricating highly efficient FTCEs composed of a copper ultrathin film sandwiched between zinc oxides, with enhanced transparency and antioxidation performances. A completely continuous and smooth copper ultrathin film is fabricated by a simple room‐temperature reactive sputtering process involving controlled nitrogen doping (<1%) due to a dramatic improvement in the wettability of copper on zinc oxide surfaces. The electrode based on the nitrogen‐doped copper film exhibits an optimized average transmittance of 84% over a spectral range of 380 −1000 nm and a sheet resistance lower than 20 Ω sq−1, with no electrical degradation after exposure to strong oxidation conditions for 760 h. Remarkably, a flexible organic solar cell based on the present Cu‐based FTCE achieves a power conversion efficiency of 7.1%, clearly exceeding that (6.6%) of solar cells utilizing the conventional ITO film, and this excellent performance is maintained even in almost completely bent configurations.
Platelet‐in‐Box Colloidal Quantum Wells: CdSe/CdS@CdS Core/Crown@Shell Heteronanoplatelets
Authors: Kelestemur Yusuf , Guzelturk Burak , Erdem Onur , Olutas Murat , Gungor Kivanc , Demir Hilmi Volkan
Published: April 2016

Here, the CdSe/CdS@CdS core/crown@shell heterostructured nanoplatelets (NPLs) resembling a platelet‐in‐box structure are developed and successfully synthesized. It is found that the core/crown@shell NPLs exhibit consistently substantially improved photoluminescence quantum yield compared to the core@shell NPLs regardless of their CdSe‐core size, CdS‐crown size, and CdS‐shell thickness. This enhancement in quantum yield is attributed to the passivation of trap sites resulting from the critical peripheral growth with laterally extending CdS‐crown layer before the vertical shell growth. This is also verified with the disappearance of the fast nonradiative decay component in the core/crown NPLs from the time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. When compared to the core@shell NPLs, the core/crown@shell NPLs exhibit relatively symmetric emission behavior, accompanied with suppressed lifetime broadening at cryogenic temperatures, further suggesting the suppression of trap sites. Moreover, constructing both the CdS‐crown and CdS‐shell regions, significantly enhanced absorption cross‐section is achieved. This, together with the suppressed Auger recombination, enables the achievement of the lowest threshold amplified spontaneous emission (≈20 μJ cm−2) from the core/crown@shell NPLs among all different architectures of NPLs. These findings indicate that carefully heterostructured NPLs will play a critical role in building high‐performance colloidal optoelectronic devices, which may even possibly challenge their traditional epitaxially grown thin‐film based counterparts.
Highly Conductive Stretchable Electrodes Prepared by In Situ Reduction of Wavy Graphene Oxide Films Coated on Elastic Tapes
Authors: Xu Jingsong , Chen Ji , Zhang Miao , Hong Jong‐Dal , Shi Gaoquan
Published: April 2016

A facile method is reported to prepare highly conductive stretchable wavy reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films by in situ reducing blade‐coated graphene oxide films on elastic tapes. The sheet resistance of a 1.20 μm thick rGO film coated elastic tape is measured to be as low as 21 Ω sq−1 and it does not change during 1000 cycles of stretching/releasing with a maximum strain of 100%. The wavy rGO film can also be detached from its elastic substrate into a freestanding state, keeping its excellent elasticity. This in situ reduction method does not involve film transfer and high‐temperature annealing; thus it is convenient and scalable. A solid‐state electrochemical capacitor with these rGO electrodes shows large areal specific capacitance, and excellent electrochemical stability and flexibility.
Evidence of Native Cs Impurities and Metal–Insulator Transition in MoS2 Natural Crystals
Authors: Molle Alessandro , Fabbri Filippo , Campi Davide , Lamperti Alessio , Rotunno Enzo , Cinquanta Eugenio , Lazzarini Laura , Kaplan Daniel , Swaminathan Venkataraman , Bernasconi Marco , Longo Massimo , Salviati Giancarlo
Published: April 2016

In the realm of layered materials beyond graphene, MoS2 gains a primary role due to its semiconducting nature and n‐type transport down to the 2D limit that makes it extremely appealing for electronic and optoelectronic applications. The intrinsic presence of defects causes MoS2 to undergo localization effects. In the present work, solid evidence of Cs impurities in bulky MoS2 crystals in a concentration well beyond the sensitivity threshold of independent compositional spectrometry probes is brought. Unlike conventional intercalation of alkali metals in MoS2, on the basis of the measured crystal structure and ab initio calculations, it is proposed that the incorporation of Cs is stabilized by complex where one Cs atom is associated with a double S vacancy therein resulting in an overall n‐type doping of the MoS2. The field effect transistor based on this kind of Cs‐doped MoS2 multilayer flakes exhibits a variable range hopping transport and a metal–insulator transition.
Engineering Multimetallic Nanocrystals for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
Authors: Wang Wei , Lei Bo , Guo Shaojun
Published: April 2016

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been extensively investigated as an invariable cathode reaction and the main rate‐determining step in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To date, various PtM (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)‐based nanocrystals with size, shape, composition and structure control have shown the great potential to catalyze this sluggish cathodic reaction. Recent design principles for engineering PtM (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)‐based multimetallic nanostructures to make them highly active and stable for ORR are reviewed. After a simple description of the ORR mechanism and a general introduction to recent important progress in the controlled synthesis of monodisperse PtM nanoparticles (NPs) for improving the ORR activity, current efforts and achievements in synthetically tuning the catalytically performance of PtM‐based multimetallic nanocrystals for getting highly efficient catalysts to enhance both the activity and stability of ORR are highlighted. These typical highly active and stable catalysts include new structure‐controlled PtM (M = Fe, Co) NPs, PtM (M = Fe, Cu)‐based core/shell NPs, novel PtFe and PtNi‐based nanowires (NWs), three‐dimensional (3D) Pt3Ni nanoframes, graphene‐supported PtFe NPs, and surface‐doped PtNi octahedra. These recently developed Pt‐based multimetallic nanocrystals with particular characteristics will offer new opportunities to achieve the real‐world fuel cell‐based electronic vehicle application.
Retrospective study of rFVIIa, 4‐factor PCC, and a rFVIIa and 3‐factor PCC combination in improving bleeding outcomes in the warfarin and non‐warfarin patient
Authors: DeLoughery Emma , Avery Brian , DeLoughery Thomas G.
Published: April 2016

In case of severe bleeding, the physician must rapidly and effectively halt bleeding without the risk of thromboembolic complications. Despite widespread use, no study has directly compared recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa), the rFVIIa and 3‐factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) combination (“combination”), and 4‐factor PCC on their effectiveness in improving patient outcomes. This study examined the medical records of 299 patients, 65.2% on warfarin prior to admission, who received these hemostatic agents and were admitted to an ICU or through the emergency department at Oregon Health & Science University. Mortality, length of stay, change in international normalized ratio (INR), plasma use, and number of thromboembolic complications were used to assess effectiveness. In patients receiving warfarin, the combination group had the greatest decrease in INR as well as lowest overall INR, but experienced a higher number of clotting complications, while the rFVIIa group used the most plasma. Non‐warfarin patients in the combination group had the shortest length of stay among survivors, but the rFVIIa group had the lowest mortality. Based on this data, it may be prudent to further study the use of rFVIIa in treating extreme bleeding in the non‐warfarin patient, while this study supports other data that 4‐factor PCC may be the most prudent for the warfarin patient. Am. J. Hematol. 91:705–708, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early mortality in multiple myeloma: the time‐dependent impact of comorbidity: A population‐based study in 621 real‐life patients
Authors: Ríos‐Tamayo Rafael , Sáinz Juan , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Puerta José Manuel , Chang Daysi‐Yoe‐Ling , Rodríguez Teresa , Garrido Pilar , de Veas José Luís García , Romero Antonio , Moratalla Lucía , López‐Fernández Elisa , González Pedro Antonio , Sánchez María José , Jiménez‐Moleón José Juan , Jurado Manuel , Lahuerta Juan José
Published: April 2016

Multiple myeloma is a heterogeneous disease with variable survival; this variability cannot be fully explained by the current systems of risk stratification. Early mortality remains a serious obstacle to further improve the trend toward increased survival demonstrated in recent years. However, the definition of early mortality is not standardized yet. Importantly, no study has focused on the impact of comorbidity on early mortality in multiple myeloma to date. Therefore, we analyzed the role of baseline comorbidity in a large population‐based cohort of 621 real‐life myeloma patients over a 31‐year period. To evaluate early mortality, a sequential multivariate regression model at 2, 6, and 12 months from diagnosis was performed. It was demonstrated that comorbidity had an independent impact on early mortality, which is differential and time‐dependent. Besides renal failure, respiratory disease at 2 months, liver disease at 6 months, and hepatitis virus C infection at 12 months, were, respectively, associated with early mortality, adjusting for other well‐established prognostic factors. On the other hand, the long‐term monitoring in our study points out a modest downward trend in early mortality over time. This is the first single institution population‐based study aiming to assess the impact of comorbidity on early mortality in multiple myeloma. It is suggested that early mortality should be analyzed at three key time points (2, 6, and 12 months), in order to allow comparisons between studies. Comorbidity plays a critical role in the outcome of myeloma patients in terms of early mortality. Am. J. Hematol. 91:700–704, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non‐Radiative Energy Transfer Mediated by Hybrid Light‐Matter States
Authors: Zhong Xiaolan , Chervy Thibault , Wang Shaojun , George Jino , Thomas Anoop , Hutchison James A. , Devaux Eloise , Genet Cyriaque , Ebbesen Thomas W.
Published: April 2016

We present direct evidence of enhanced non‐radiative energy transfer between two J‐aggregated cyanine dyes strongly coupled to the vacuum field of a cavity. Excitation spectroscopy and femtosecond pump–probe measurements show that the energy transfer is highly efficient when both the donor and acceptor form light‐matter hybrid states with the vacuum field. The rate of energy transfer is increased by a factor of seven under those conditions as compared to the normal situation outside the cavity, with a corresponding effect on the energy transfer efficiency. The delocalized hybrid states connect the donor and acceptor molecules and clearly play the role of a bridge to enhance the rate of energy transfer. This finding has fundamental implications for coherent energy transport and light‐energy harvesting.
Identifizierung des Schlüsselenzyms der Roseoflavinbiosynthese
Authors: Schwarz Julia , Konjik Valentino , Jankowitsch Frank , Sandhoff Roger , Mack Matthias
Published: April 2016

Die Bakterienarten Streptomyces davawensis und Streptomyces cinnabarinus produzieren Roseoflavin, das einzige bekannte natürliche Analogon von Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) mit antibiotischer Wirkung. Roseoflavin kann als natürlicher Antimetabolit bezeichnet werden und soll aus Riboflavin über das Schlüsselintermediat 8‐Demethyl‐8‐aminoriboflavin (AF) synthetisiert werden. Der ortsspezifische Austausch einer Methylgruppe des Dimethylbenzolrings von Riboflavin gegen eine Aminogruppe (der zu AF führt) ist mechanistisch schwierig. Der Biosyntheseweg von Riboflavin zu AF war unklar, und das/die zugehörige/n Enzym/e war/en unbekannt. Systematische Gendeletions‐ und ‐expressionsexperimente sowie biochemische Analysen zeigten jetzt, dass das vom Gen BN159_7989 aus S. davawensis kodierte Enzym mehrere chemischer Reaktionen katalysieren kann: Ausgehend von Riboflavin‐5′‐phosphat bildet BN159_7989 8‐Demethyl‐8‐aminoriboflavin‐5′‐phosphat.
Self‐Assembled Amphiphilic Water Oxidation Catalysts: Control of O−O Bond Formation Pathways by Different Aggregation Patterns
Authors: Yang Bing , Jiang Xin , Guo Qing , Lei Tao , Zhang Li‐Ping , Chen Bin , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu
Published: April 2016

The oxidation of water to molecular oxygen is the key step to realize water splitting from both biological and chemical perspective. In an effort to understand how water oxidation occurs on a molecular level, a large number of molecular catalysts have been synthesized to find an easy access to higher oxidation states as well as their capacity to make O−O bond. However, most of them function in a mixture of organic solvent and water and the O−O bond formation pathway is still a subject of intense debate. Herein, we design the first amphiphilic Ru‐bda (H2bda=2,2′‐bipyridine‐6,6′‐dicarboxylic acid) water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) of formula [RuII(bda)(4‐OTEG‐pyridine)2] (1, OTEG=OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH3) and [RuII(bda)(PySO3Na)2] (2, PySO3−=pyridine‐3‐sulfonate), which possess good solubility in water. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), critical aggregation concentration (CAC) experiments and product analysis demonstrate that they enable to self‐assemble in water and form the O−O bond through different routes even though they have the same bda2− backbone. This work illustrates for the first time that the O−O bond formation pathway can be regulated by the interaction of ancillary ligands at supramolecular level.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C−H Silylation by Silacyclobutanes
Authors: Zhang Qing‐Wei , An Kun , Liu Li‐Chuan , Guo Shuangxi , Jiang Chenran , Guo Huifang , He Wei
Published: April 2016

Silacyclobutane was discovered to be an efficient C−H bond silylation reagent. Under the catalysis of RhI/TMS‐segphos, silacyclobutane undergoes sequential C−Si/C−H bond activations, affording a series of π‐conjugated siloles in high yields and regioselectivities. The catalytic cycle was proposed to involve a rarely documented endocyclic β‐hydride elimination of five‐membered metallacycles, which after reductive elimination gave rise to a Si−RhI species that is capable of C−H activation.
Another application of (NH4)42[MoVI72MoV60O372(CH3COO)30(H2O)72] as a highly efficient recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2‐c]chromenes
Authors: Rohaniyan Marziyeh , Davoodnia Abolghasem , Nakhaei Ahmad
Published: April 2016

In continuation of our previous works on the application of (NH4)42[MoVI72MoV60O372(CH3COO)30(H2O)72], a Keplerate‐type giant‐ball nanoporous isopolyoxomolybdate, as a catalyst for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, in this paper, we report another application of this attractive catalyst in the synthesis of 2‐amino‐5‐oxo‐4,5‐dihydropyrano[3,2‐c]chromene‐3‐carbonitriles via a one‐pot three‐component reaction of 4‐hydroxycoumarin, aldehydes and malononitrile. The reactions occur in ethanol–water as solvent at room temperature and the process is operative with various aldehydes, giving the corresponding products in high yields. Other beneficial features of this protocol include short reaction times, simple work‐up and the recyclability and reusability of the catalyst for up to five consecutive runs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parietal Bone Thickness and Vascular Diameters in Adult Modern Humans: A Survey on Cranial Remains
Authors: Eisová Stanislava , Rangel de Lázaro Gizéh , Píšová Hana , Pereira‐Pedro Sofia , Bruner Emiliano
Published: April 2016

Cranial bone thickness varies among modern humans, and many factors influencing this variability remain unclear. Growth hormones and physical activity are thought to influence the vault thickness. Considering that both systemic factors and energy supply influence the vascular system, and taking into account the structural and biomechanical interaction between endocranial vessels and vault bones, in this study we evaluate the correlation between vascular and bone diameters. In particular, we tested the relationship between the thickness of the parietal bone (which is characterized, in modern humans, by a complex vascular network) and the lumen size of the middle meningeal and diploic vessels, in adult modern humans. Our results show no patent correlation between the thickness of parietal bone and the size of the main vascular channels. Values and distributions of the branching patterns, as well as anatomical relationships between vessels and bones, are also described in order to provide information concerning the arrangement of the endocranial vascular morphology. This information is relevant in both evolutionary and medical contexts. Anat Rec, 299:888–896, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antiobesity Effect of SA37 in High‐Fat Diet‐induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Kafle Bhooshan , Khadka Deegendra , Park Byung Ho , Kim Chan Kyung , Cho Hyeongjin
Published: April 2016

SA37
inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with a medium potency, and inhibits IκB kinase β (IKKβ) at a submicromolar half‐maximal inhibitory concentration. In animal study,
SA37
reduced diet‐induced weight gain in mice, without significantly ameliorating glucose tolerance and lipid parameters. These observations coincide partly with PTP1B knockout but are inconsistent with IKKβ depletion in mice. The effect of
SA37
on high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice was compared with previous results obtained by the authors’ group on a series of
SA
compounds that exhibited different inhibitory potencies toward IKKβ and PTP1B.
Long‐term effects of the transient COD concentration on the performance of microbial fuel cells
Authors: Mateo S. , Gonzalez del Campo A. , Lobato J. , Rodrigo M. , Cañizares P. , Fernandez‐Morales F.J.
Published: April 2016

In this work, the long‐term effects of transient chemical oxygen demands (COD) concentrations over the performance of a microbial fuel cell were studied. From the obtained results, it was observed that the repetitive change in the COD loading rate during 12 h conditioned the behavior of the system during periods of up to 7 days. The main modifications were the enhancement of the COD consumption rate and the exerted current. These enhancements yielded increasing Coulombic efficiencies (CEs) when working with COD concentrations of 300 mg/L, but constant CEs when working with COD concentrations from 900 to 1800 mg/L. This effect could be explained by the higher affinity for the substrate of Geobacter than that of the nonelectrogenic organisms such as Clostridia. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:883–890, 2016
Organotypic slice cultures of human gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer
Authors: Koerfer Justus , Kallendrusch Sonja , Merz Felicitas , Wittekind Christian , Kubick Christoph , Kassahun Woubet T. , Schumacher Guido , Moebius Christian , Gaßler Nikolaus , Schopow Nikolas , Geister Daniela , Wiechmann Volker , Weimann Arved , Eckmann Christian , Aigner Achim , Bechmann Ingo , Lordick Florian
Published: April 2016

Gastric and esophagogastric junction cancers are heterogeneous and aggressive tumors with an unpredictable response to cytotoxic treatment. New methods allowing for the analysis of drug resistance are needed. Here, we describe a novel technique by which human tumor specimens can be cultured ex vivo, preserving parts of the natural cancer microenvironment. Using a tissue chopper, fresh surgical tissue samples were cut in 400 μm slices and cultivated in 6‐well plates for up to 6 days. The slices were processed for routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Cytokeratin stains (CK8, AE1/3) were applied for determining tumor cellularity, Ki‐67 for proliferation, and cleaved caspase‐3 staining for apoptosis. The slices were analyzed under naive conditions and following 2–4 days in vitro exposure to 5‐FU and cisplatin. The slice culture technology allowed for a good preservation of tissue morphology and tumor cell integrity during the culture period. After chemotherapy exposure, a loss of tumor cellularity and an increase in apoptosis were observed. Drug sensitivity of the tumors could be assessed. Organotypic slice cultures of gastric and esophagogastric junction cancers were successfully established. Cytotoxic drug effects could be monitored. They may be used to examine mechanisms of drug resistance in human tissue and may provide a unique and powerful ex vivo platform for the prediction of treatment response.
Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Fibrous Silica Nanospheres (KCC‐1) as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for CO Oxidation
Authors: Qureshi Ziyauddin S. , Sarawade Pradip B. , Hussain Irshad , Zhu Haibo , Al‐Johani Hind , Anjum Dalaver H. , Hedhili Mohamed Nejib , Maity Niladri , D'Elia Valerio , Basset Jean‐Marie
Published: April 2016

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) of different sizes were supported on fibrous silica nanospheres (KCC‐1) by various methods. The size and the location of the Au NPs on the support were found to depend on the preparation method. The KCC‐1‐supported Au NPs were thoroughly characterized by using HR‐TEM, XRD, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements and were applied in catalysis for the oxidation of CO. The catalytic performance is discussed in relation to the morphological properties of KCC‐1.
Enzyme‐Catalyzed Carbonyl Olefination by the E. coli Protein YfeX in the Absence of Phosphines
Authors: Weissenborn Martin J. , Löw Sebastian A. , Borlinghaus Niels , Kuhn Miriam , Kummer Stefanie , Rami Fabian , Plietker Bernd , Hauer Bernhard
Published: April 2016

The Wittig‐type carbonyl olefination reaction has no biocatalytic equivalent. To build complex molecular scaffolds, however, C−C bond‐forming reactions are pivotal for biobased economy and synthetic biology. The heme‐containing E. coli protein YfeX was found to catalyze carbonyl olefination by reaction of benzaldehyde with ethyl diazoacetate under aerobic conditions in the absence of a triphenylphosphine oxophile. The reaction was performed in whole cells and showed a product formation of 440 mg L−1 in 1 h. It was, moreover, shown that the reaction could be performed under Wittig‐analogue conditions in the presence of triphenylphosphine or triphenylarsine.
Glycomimetics Targeting Glycosyltransferases: Synthetic, Computational and Structural Studies of Less‐Polar Conjugates
Authors: Ghirardello Mattia , de las Rivas Matilde , Lacetera Alessandra , Delso Ignacio , Lira‐Navarrete Erandi , Tejero Tomás , Martín‐Santamaría Sonsoles , Hurtado‐Guerrero Ramón , Merino Pedro
Published: April 2016

The Leloir donors are nucleotide sugars essential for a variety of glycosyltransferases (GTs) involved in the transfer of a carbohydrate to an acceptor substrate, typically a protein or an oligosaccharide. A series of less‐polar nucleotide sugar analogues derived from uridine have been prepared by replacing one phosphate unit with an alkyl chain. The methodology is based on the radical hydrophosphonylation of alkenes, which allows coupling of allyl glycosyl compounds with a phosphate unit suitable for conjugation to uridine. Two of these compounds, the GalNAc and galactose derivatives, were further tested on a model GT, such as GalNAc‐T2 (an important GT widely distributed in human tissues), to probe that both compounds bound in the medium–high micromolar range. The crystal structure of GalNAc‐T2 with the galactose derivative traps the enzyme in an inactive form; this suggests that compounds only containing the β‐phosphate could be efficient ligands for the enzyme. Computational studies with GalNAc‐T2 corroborate these findings and provide further insights into the mechanism of the catalytic cycle of this family of enzymes.
Enantiopure Functional Molecular Motors Obtained by a Switchable Chiral‐Resolution Process
Authors: van Leeuwen Thomas , Gan Jefri , Kistemaker Jos C. M. , Pizzolato Stefano F. , Chang Mu‐Chieh , Feringa Ben L.
Published: April 2016

Molecular switches, rotors, and motors play an important role in the development of nano‐machines and devices, as well as responsive and adaptive functional materials. For unidirectional rotors based on chiral overcrowded alkenes, their stereochemical homogeneity is of crucial importance. Herein, a method to obtain new and functionalizable overcrowded alkenes in enantiopure form is presented. The procedure involves a short synthesis of three steps and a solvent‐switchable chiral resolution by using a readily available resolving agent. X‐ray crystallography revealed the mode of binding of the motor with the resolving agent, as well as the absolute configuration of the motor. 1H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy techniques were used to determine the dynamic behavior of this molecular motor. This method provides rapid access to ample amounts of enantiopure molecular motors, which will greatly facilitate the further development of responsive molecular systems based on chiral overcrowded alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE PHASE CHROMIUM TELLURIDE (CRTE3)
Authors: KLEPP K. O. , IPSER H.
Published: April 2016

Ein Haltepunkt bei 718 K in der DTA‐Kurve von Cr‐Te mit 75‐95 Atom‐% Te und ein zusätzlicher bei 753 K für 72.5 Atom‐% Te beweisen die Existenz einer Phase CrTe3, die sich bei 753 K peritektisch zersetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: DIRECT REMOTE OXIDATION OF ACYCLIC ACETATES, MACROCYCLIC ACETATES, AND MACROLIDES
Authors: EIGENDORF G. K. , MA C.‐L. , MONEY T.
Published: April 2016

Die direkte Oxidation der Titelverbindungen (I), (IIIa) und (V) liefert Gemische isomerer Monoketone (II) (Oxidation am C‐2 bis C‐6 fmdet kaum statt), (IV) ((IIIb) und (IIIc) reagieren ähnlich) bzw. (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: OPTICAL ACTIVITY AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF 5,6,11,12‐TETRAHYDRO‐2,3,8,9‐TETRAMETHOXY‐5,11‐METHANODIBENZO(A,E)CYCLOOCTATETRAENE
Authors: OGURA F. , NAKAO A. , NAKAGAWA M.
Published: April 2016

Umsetzung des Nitrils (I) mit CH2I2 ergibt das Glutarsäuredinitril (IIa) (racemische/meso‐Form), dessen Hydrolyseprodukt, die Dicarbonsäure(+/‐)‐(IIb), zu dem Diketon(+/‐)‐(IIIa) cyclisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING OF 1,2,3‐TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES OF NAPHTHALENE, QUINOLINE, PYRIDINE
Authors: LIVI O. , FERRARINI P. L. , TONETTI I. , SMALDONE F. , ZEFOLA G.
Published: April 2016

Durch Umsetzung des Aminonaphthalins (I) mit Natriumnitrit und Natriumazid bzw. des Chlorchinolins (II) und des Chlorpyridins (V) mit Natriumazid erhält man die Azide (II), (IV) und (VI).