bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regueros de tinta. El diario Crítica en la década de 1920. SILVIA SAYTTA: Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana, 1998.
Authors: Jiménez Laura Ruiz
Published: February 2024

Silvia Saytta nos acerca, en Regueros de tinta, al que sin duda fue el proyecto editorial argentino más exitoso de los años veinte: el diario Crítica. El impresionante volumen de la prensa de la época (en los años treinta Argentina llegó a ocupar el 4o puesto mundial en lectura per cápita de diarios) justifica por sí solo el interés del objeto de análisis. Si además consideramos su comprometida participación en la vida política y cultural, el estudio cobra mayor relevancia por constituir una sugerente forma de acercamiento al contexto ideológico de la época.
An American Family in the Mexican Revolution. ROBERT WOODMANSEE HERR (In collaboration with Richard Herr): Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1999.
Authors: Wasserman Mark
Published: February 2024

The Mexican Revolution, a series of full-scale rebellions and civil wars between 1910 and 1920 and a succession of experiments and upheavals from 1920 to 1940, was enormously bloody and destructive. More than a million Mexicans died. Agricultural production took decades to recover. The conflicts set back industrialization at least ten years. Mining, the engine of the Mexican economy for four hundred years, in general endured less damage and recovered more rapidly than other sectors.
La política del disenso. La "polémica en torno al monarquismo" (México, 1848-1850)... y las aporías del liberalismo. ELÍAS JOSÉ PALTI (comp.): México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1998.
Authors: Vázquez Josefina Zoraida
Published: February 2024

La antología que nos ofrece Elías Palti analiza un tema fundamental para la historia mexicana del siglo XIX: la polémica sobre los fundamentos del sistema político, de las instituciones sociales y de la nacionalidad mexicana (1849-1850). He de confesar que el abuso que se ha hecho en nuestro medio de la publicación de selecciones documentales me ha convertido en su enemiga, pero la revisión de la presente antolog ía me lleva a reconocer que se trata de una antología bien realizada y con una introducción que ofrece interesantes reflexiones sobre el pensamiento político del siglo XIX mexicano. Por su concepción y organización resulta, además, de utilidad para la docencia.
The Guatemalan Military Project: A Violence Called Democracy. JENNIFER SCHIRMER: Philadelphia: The University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.
Authors: Hernández Leonardo
Published: February 2024

Jennifer Schirmer's book on the Guatemalan military, The Guatemalan Military Project: A Violence Called Democracy, is an important work for understanding the historical and political evolution of nations hitherto under the influence or control of the armed forces. She contends, and I fully agree, that since the military structured and arranged their own "exit" from politics, their view of society and politics still pervades state institutions and mechanisms. In general terms, the Guatemalan state still sees internal security as paramount in any attempt to build consensus.
Historiar con imagen
Authors: Mraz John
Published: February 2024

BLANCA JIMÉNEZ Y SAMUEL VILLELA: Los Salmerón. Un siglo de fotografía en Guerrero. México, D.F.: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1998.DAVID MAAWAD, ALBERTO TOVALÍN AHUMADA, BERNARDO GARCÍA DÍAZ, IGNACIO GUTIÉRREZ RUVALCABA, JOSÉ LUIS RIVAS: Joaquín Santamaría. Sol de plata * Silver Sun. Veracruz: Universidad Veracruzana, TAMSA, FONCA, 1998.
La comunidad judía alepina en Buenos Aires:De la ortodoxia religiosa a la apertura y de la apertura a la ortodoxia religiosa (1930-1953)
Authors: Brauner Rodgers Susana
Published: February 2024

El análisis de la identidad e integración de la comunidad judía alepina en Buenos Aires nos permitirá recuperar aspectos históricos de su desarrollo, hasta hoy poco divulgados. En la actualidad se sostiene en forma global que dicho grupo étnico fue y es el más conservador en la estricta observancia de los preceptos religiosos judaicos en la Argentina. Sin embargo, todavía no se ha realizado un estudio amplio del devenir de este grupo en su evolución religiosa y cultural ni del accionar de las diferentes personalidades que lideraron a los judeo-alepinos en aquel período.
Explotaciones familiares, división del trabajo y producción en el Delta del Paraná
Authors: Galafassi Guido P.
Published: February 2024

La trayectoria cambiante, desde el punto de vista productivo y de la conformación de los sujetos sociales, de la región del Delta del Paraná marca una constante adaptación y dependencia a macroprocesos regionales y nacionales, teniendo como eje el aprovechamiento de los potenciales naturales. Sus características ecológicas especiales la desecharon desde un principio para la implantación de explotaciones agrícolas-ganaderas típicas de la región pampeana en donde se inserta. Su colonización, basada fuertemente en la inmigración europea de fines del siglo pasado y principios de éste, definió una situación con predominancia absoluta de unidades productivas basadas en el trabajo del grupo familiar.
Peasants in Arms: War and Peace in the Mountains of Nicaragua, 1979-1994. LYNN HORTON: Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 1998.
Authors: Hernández Leonardo
Published: February 2024

Peasants in Arms is the study of the rural, mountainous Nicaraguan municipality of Quilalí. Located in the north-central province or departamento of Nueva Segovia, Quilalí, along with many other towns near the Honduras-Nicaragua frontier, experienced intense armed conflict in the 1980s. From bases inside Honduras, armed guerrillas (known as contras) opposing the Sandinista regime would target and attack populations and productive centers inside Nicaragua, later retreating back into Honduras. Beginning in the early eighties, thousands of rural residents supported the contra cause by joining the rebels or providing them with supplies.
Prebisch y Furtado. El Estructuralismo Latinoamericano.	JORGE LORA Y CARLOS MALLORQUÍN (comps.): México: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, 1999.
Authors: Hodara Joseph
Published: February 2024

Tres motivos convergen para explicar el renovado interés en los fundadores del estructuralismo latinoamericano vinculado --hay que precisar-- al desarrollo económico y social. Uno es una más amplia perspectiva, que nos aleja de los ajetreos menores de la década de los cincuenta y sesenta y nos facilita, por consiguiente, la distinción entre lo importante y lo olvidable, entre lo fortuito y lo persistente. El segundo alude al surgimiento de nuevos paradigmas, que simultáneamente procuran explicar y proponer rumbos a la política pública en materia de crecimiento y desarrollo en las contingencias regionales que toman cuerpo desde los setenta. El prefijo "neo" los caracteriza: neoestructuralismo, neoliberalismo, neocepalismo. El imperativo de compararlos con la corriente anterior adquiere entonces valor histórico y didáctico. Considérese, en fin, la configuración de situaciones internas y externas inéditas, como la privatización de los mercados, los descalabros de la gobernabilidad, el ascenso de las exportaciones manufactureras, el flujo irrestricto de las inversiones foráneas y la absorción irregular de la revolución informática. En este perturbador contexto, es lícito preguntar si el estructuralismo aún puede o no ofrecer señalamientos útiles, y si los actores sociales (economistas políticos, sociólogos, historiadores, periodistas, intelectuales) que lo esbozaron tienen hoy paralela gravitación o tal vez se ven marginados por agentes alternativos dotados de prendas profesionales y de posturas ideológicas dispares.
El espacio interior de América del Sur. Geografía, historia, política, cultura. BARBARA POTTHAST, KARL KOHUT, GERD KOHLHEPP (eds.): Madrid: Iberoamericana; Frankfurt/Main: Vervuert, 1999.
Authors: Wilcox Robert W.
Published: February 2024

In travelling through central South America, one is struck by a particular socioeconomic condition: the general economic isolation/impoverishment of many areas juxtaposed with an increasing developmental dynamism in others. This situation is explicitly addressed by many authors in this interdisciplinary volume of papers presented at the Asociación Alemana de Investigación sobre América Latina (ADLAF) Symposium in Bielefeld, Germany, in October, 1996. As explained in the introduction, the papers were selected with the intention of revealing a part of South America that is little known, less understood, and seldom of interest for students and most inhabitants of the continent. At the same time, the intention was to emphasize that the region, while encompassing four countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay), often has survived as an integrated whole, historically and economically, since the colonial era, although infrequently viewed as such by political decision-makers in the respective metropoli. This has contributed greatly to the contradiction of apparent socioeconomic stagnation contrasted with periodic bursts of extractive energy.
Las Derechas. The Extreme Right in Argentina, Brazil and Chile. SANDRA McGEE DEUTSCH: Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.
Authors: Sznajder Mario
Published: February 2024

Sandra McGee Deutsch, ya conocida para los lectores de historia de América Latina por su Counterrevolution in Argentina, 1900-1932: The Argentine Patriotic League (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986) y numerosos artículos en revistas especializadas, emprende en su nueva obra el ambicioso proyecto de escribir una historia comparada de las derechas extremas de Chile, Argentina y Brasil durante las primeras cuatro décadas del siglo. Ambicioso no sólo por la envergadura, la cantidad de fuentes primarias y secundarias empleadas, la extensión geográfica y cronológica de la obra, sino especialmente por el hecho de entrar en un área sumamente complicada como lo es la historia comparativa.
Guerra Sem Guerra: A Mobilização e o Cotidiano em São Paulo Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial.	RONEY CYTRYNOWICZ: EdUSP, 2000.
Authors: McCann Bryan
Published: February 2024

It is a curiosity of Brazilian popular memory that among residents of São Paulo, the Constitutionalist Revolt of 1932 –in which Paulistano rebels took a drubbing from Getúlio Vargas's federal government, sacrificing all their objectives in a quick surrender– has a cherished place in local lore, while World War II, in contrast, is remembered as someone else's fight, despite the fact that thousands of Brazilian soldiers, many of them Paulistanos, fought on the side of the victorious allies. The strongest memories of World War II in São Paulo tend to concentrate on the shortage of common white bread and the federal government's largely unsuccessful attempt to convince the population to eat an unsavory substitute called "war bread."
Cortiços e epidemias na Corte Imperial, São Paulo. SIDNEY CHALHOUB: Companhia das Letras, 1996.
Authors: Outtes Joel
Published: February 2024

This volume is an updated version of the author's Tese de Livre Docência (a thesis after the Ph.D. which is required in certain Brazilian universities for promotion) submitted to his university (Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP), one of the most prestigious in Brazil. The book is a social history of medicine, concentrating on diseases such as smallpox and yellow fever in Rio de Janeiro, although tuberculosis is also discussed and some degree of comparison is made with other places and times.
A ditadura militar no Brasil
Authors: Bezerra de Brito Fabio
Published: February 2024

- livros recentes

Ernesto Geisel. Maria Celina D'Araújo e Celso Castro. Rio de Janeiro, Ed. Fundação Getúlio Vargas, 1997. 508 p.

Tiradentes, um presídio da ditadura. Alipio Freire, Izaías Almada e J.A. de Granville Ponce (orgs.). São Paulo, Scipione, 1997. 519 p.

1968 faz 30 anos. João Roberto Martins Filho (org.). Campinas, Mercado de Letras, 1998. 166 p.

Abaixo a ditadura. Vladimir Palmeira & José Dirceu. Rio de Janeiro, Garamond, 1998. 196 p.

Mulheres que foram à luta armada. Luiz Maklouf Carvalho. São Paulo, Globo, 1998. 484 p.

Autênticos do MDB: história oral de vida política. Ana Beatriz Nader. São Paulo, Paz e Terra, 1998. 398 p.

História indiscreta da ditadura e da abertura - Brasil: 1964-1985. Ronaldo Costa Couto. Rio de Janeiro, Record, 1998. 517 p.

Memória Viva do Regime Militar - Brasil: 1964-1985. Ronaldo Costa Couto. Rio de Janeiro, Record, 1999. 391 p.
State Formation and Democracy in Latin America, 1810-1900. FERNANDO LÓPEZ-ALVES: Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000.
Authors: Hybel Alex Roberto
Published: February 2024

The creation of a stable democratic regime is in part contingent on how effective political leaders within a territory are at building a state, and at consolidating and legitimizing the state's power. At first glance, this relationship seems paradoxical. How could the creation of a democratic regime be affected by the formation of the state, which is a unit committed to protecting its independence from society's dictates, when democracy is driven by the proposition that the state is a decision-making unit that must do what society mandates?
The Second Century: U.S.-Latin American Relations Since 1889. MARK T. GILDERHUS: Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 2000.
Authors: Sheinin David
Published: February 2024

This book offers a new historical synthesis of U.S.-Latin American relations in the twentieth century. One way that Mark T. Gilderhus accomplishes this is by placing his analysis and conclusions in sharp historiographical focus. At times, this takes the form of tweaking his colleagues: "Aided by the advantage of hindsight," (p.32) Gilderhus writes dryly at one point, historians have assessed the policies that constituted dollar diplomacy as failures. His point is that to describe dollar diplomacy as either a success or a failure is neither useful nor particularly probing of the nature of U.S. policy or its results. Here and elsewhere in the narrative, the author is smart, terse, and analytically sharp. Gilderhus is not interested in a revisionist harangue, nor is he concerned with a historical defence of U.S. actions. The approach is realistic; both in the case of dollar diplomacy and more generally, the author is interested in probing the motives for U.S. policies, understanding related Latin American decision-making, then identifying what worked for the U.S., what did not, and why. Like much of U.S. policy in the twentieth century, dollar diplomacy represents a mixed bag of outcomes that includes, most importantly, the implementation of something Gilderhus describes as closely resembling an empire, but, at the same time, Washington's inability to sustain peace, order and predictability.
Cuban and Cuban-American Women: An Annotated Bibliography. K. LYNN STONER (ed.): Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2000.
Authors: Román Reinaldo L.
Published: February 2024

Bibliographies are difficult to judge; those outside of the field can seldom assess if there have been significant omissions, or if they account for the latest scholarship. The merits of this exceptional research tool, however, will be evident to students of Latin America and the Caribbean. Lynn Stoner and Luis Hipólito Serrano Pérez's work offers some 2000 annotated entries --both archival and scholarly-- pertaining to Cuban and Cuban-American women from the late nineteenth to the twentieth centuries, with the bulk focusing on the latter. Individual entries range from a few lines on a little-known mambisa, to references to entire collections of government and statistical data, to biographies. Six chapters are ordered chronologically and divided into sections covering the turn of the century, the early Republic, Batista's regime, the years of turmoil leading to the revolution, and post-revolutionary society. The concluding chapter concentrates on Cuban women in "exile," a term that the authors do not always differentiate adequately from migration.
Peace Without Justice, Obstacles to Building the Rule of Law in El Salvador. MARGARET POPKIN: University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000.
Authors: McElhinny Vincent J.
Published: February 2024

El Salvador has been among the most violent places on earth over the last 30 years. A decade-long civil war took the lives of some 90,000 Salvadorans, including the country's Catholic Archbishop and dozens of foreign nationals. Yet, in a period in which peace agreements have forged a considerable measure of political peace, civil violence in the form of criminal behavior has surged to unprecedented levels. Murder rates in El Salvador are among the highest in the world, at times exceeding levels encountered in the darkest days of the civil war and military repression. As during the war, the costs of violence continue to weigh most heavily on the poor and marginalized sectors of society. In a book that traces the thread of impunity that motivated and persists after this civil war, Margaret Popkin attributes the astonishing legacy of Salvadoran violence to the acute failure in building the rule of law as a central pillar of a democratic peace.
La historiografía agraria argentina: Enfoques microhistóricos regionales para la macrohistoria rural del siglo XX (1980-1999)
Authors: Girbal-Blacha Noemí
Published: February 2024

Planteo del tema

La República Argentina es conocida por su clima templado y su dilatada pampa, pero su territorio reconoce importantes diferencias regionales. Desde fines del siglo XIX se perfiló como un país agroexportador (cereales y carnes, preferentemente) dada la importancia del puerto de Buenos Aires, cuyas rentas aduaneras dividieron durante varias décadas los intereses de la Nación e impidieron hasta 1880 conformar el Estado Nacional. Como país receptor de inmigración masiva (italianos y españoles en su gran mayoría) y también de capital externo orientado a alimentar empréstitos gubernamentales y construir ferrocarriles, frigoríficos e infraestructura portuaria, por su concentración desigual afirmó profundas desigualdades interregionales. Los actores sociales con capacidades diversas de poder y de decisión dieron muestras de sus diferencias en la conformación del espacio socialmente construido. De todos modos, todas las regiones del país reconocerán un común denominador: la agricultura. Cereales y forrajes --además de ganado vacuno de alta mestización-- son típicos en la región pampeana; vitivinicultura en el Oeste cuyano; caña de azúcar en el Noroeste; quebracho y algodón en la región del Nordeste argentino y, junto al ganado ovino, fruticultura en los valles irrigados de la ilimitada Patagonia hacia el Sur.
Contemporary Evangelicalism and Catholicism in Comparative Perspective: A Case Study from a Rural Nicaraguan Village
Authors: Pisani Michael J. , Pisani Jana S. , Duncan JR. William B.
Published: February 2024

We must stir up a new springtime of holiness... No more violence, terrorism, or drug trafficking. No more torture or other forms of abuse... No more exploitation of the weak, race discrimination or poor slums. Never again. These are intolerable evils. This is our cry: Life with dignity for all, for all who have been conceived in their mother's womb, for street children, for indigenous people and... for those who suffer any kind of marginalization

Pope John Paul II, January 23, 1999, Mexico City, Mexico. Pope John Paul II came to Mexico and the United States in January 1999 to preach about the evils of rampant world capitalism (Tamayo 1999). This rekindled popular interest in"the preferential option for the poor," as expressed a generation earlier within the Catholic Church under the auspices of the 1968 Latin American Bishop's Conference held in Medellín, Colombia (Lernoux 1989). For many, this movement towards the preferential option for the poor had been operational under the moniker of Liberation Theology (Gutiérrez 1988). Originally, however, this "preferential option for the poor," or the drive towards social justice, was rebuffed when Pope John Paul II first became leader of the Roman Catholic Church in 1978. Strikingly, the Pope's message to the Liberation Theologians within the Nicaraguan Church was pointed, upon his Nicaraguan visit in March 1983, when he wagged his finger at Reverend (and Minister of Culture) Ernesto Cardenal for mixing political and religious service (Kirk 1992). More importantly for social movements within Latin America, the opposition of the Pope to social justice within a framework of social action through politics stunted the vitality of the Catholic Church in serving and expressing a preferential option for the poor.
El inexorable oficio de nombrar: Cambio de armas de Luisa Valenzuela
Authors: Medeiros-Lichem María Teresa
Published: February 2024

l escribir sobre la cosa política, más bien sobre el horror, de las muertes provocadas, de las desapariciones, es realmente un querer saber por qué esta crueldad, por qué este horror, y asumirlo y reconocerlo. Esta es la función del escritor como nombrador.("Entrevista con Luis Valenzuela en Nueva York, noviembre de 1982 y junio de 1983". En García Pinto 1988, p. 232.)La escritura de Luisa Valenzuela (Buenos Aires 1938) está guiada por el imperativo ético de articular un discurso que descodifique los mecanismos del poder y revele los horrores causados por la crueldad humana, específicamente durante la represión política de la dictadura militar en Argentina entre 1976 y 1983.
In the Absence of Don Porfirio. Francisco León de la Barra and the Mexican Revolution. PETER V. N. HENDERSON: Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2000.
Authors: Blidstein Marcelo
Published: February 2024

El presente libro es, en gran medida, un esfuerzo por arrojar un nuevo haz de luz sobre la biografía y el rol histórico de uno de los miembros secundarios de la elite porfirista mexicana, a quien las circunstancias revolucionarias de 1910-1911 obligaron --casi contra su voluntad-- a ubicarse en el centro del escenario principal de la época. El autor, experto en la historia de las corrientes reaccionarias al proceso revolucionario en México, nos ofrece no sólo un minucioso estudio de la vida y obra de Francisco León de la Barra, sino que también las ubica en el marco de su interpretación sobre los significados de la revolución mexicana en general, y específicamente desde la perspectiva de la revolución maderista.
Growth, Employment and Equity: The Impact of Economic Reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean. BARBARA STALLINGS and WILSON PERES: Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2000.
Authors: Sánchez Omar
Published: February 2024

This book is the result of years of work by a large team of economists and regional specialists established at the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA). It is clearly one of the most comprehensively researched and authoritative studies done on the topic yet. To be sure, it is much too early to give any sort of definitive assessment on the reforms, but the time is ripe to sketch a preliminary picture. The study is very representative of Latin America, focusing on nine countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, and Peru) comprising 81 percent of the region's total population and 90 percent of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
The Landowners of the Argentine Pampas: A Social and Political History, 1860-1945. ROY HORA: Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Authors: Horowitz Joel
Published: February 2024

If Roy Hora had post-modernist inclinations, his book might have been entitled The Invention of the Estanciero Class.He does not possess such inclinations. What he has given us is a well-written and clear presentation of the emergence of the estancieros as a separate, powerful and influential class, and then their decline. The focus is on the great landowners of the pampas, particularly those of the Province of Buenos Aires. If one were forced to place the work in a single category of history, it would be difficult, since it lies at the intersection of social, political, intellectual, and economic history. Although the book could not have been written much earlier, given its dependence on current historiography and its willingness to move beyond ideologically charged visions of large estate owners, it is traditional history in most senses. In the opinion of this reviewer, that is a good thing.
The Political Right in Postauthoritarian Brazil: Elites, Institutions, and Democratization. TIMOTHY J. POWER: University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000.
Authors: Serbin Kenneth P.
Published: February 2024

More than fifteen years after the return to civilian rule, why do starkly unequal political and social structures persist in Brazil? In a detailed examination of the impact of military dictatorship on democracy, Timothy Power puts his finger on important answers to this question. While some theoreticians suggest that so-called conservative transitions from authoritarianism can be beneficial to democracy, Power clearly establishes the Brazilian case as a significant counter-example. Authoritarian rule and the slow transition (1964-1985) not only asphyxiated democratic expression; they also provided right-wing politicians with disproportionate influence and the ability to stay entrenched in positions of power at least into the late 1990s. Instead of a fully consolidated democracy, Brazilians experience "a perverse situation in which, instead of the right accommodating itself to the rules of the new democracy, the rules of the new democracy must accommodate the right" (p. 239). The Brazilian right blocks the kind of legislative initiative needed to reduce cronyism and promote social change, for example, the long overdue implementation of meaningful agrarian reform.
Conservadores chilenos y su oposición a las reformas neoliberales de Pinochet
Authors: Pinedo Avier
Published: February 2024

El gobierno militar de Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990), en colaboración con un grupo de profesionales seguidores de la Escuela de Chicago, impuso sobre la base de un intento de modernización económica de Chile una serie de reformas económicas que intentaban desarrollar un modelo neoliberal. Las drásticas reformas dividieron al país entre aquellos que veían en ellas la posibilidad de alcanzar el tan deseado desarrollo económico y aquellos otros que las rechazaban por considerar que no se ajustaban a la realidad chilena. Para conocer la profundidad de estas reformas se debe mencionar el contexto histórico vivido en Chile y especialmente el gobierno anterior a los militares, el de la Unidad Popular de Salvador Allende.
La dimensión política de la Corte Suprema durante el régimen peronista (1947-1955)
Authors: Abásolo Ezequiel
Published: February 2024

El trabajo que se inicia se dedica a analizar la actuación de la Corte Suprema de Justicia argentina durante la mayor parte de las primeras gestiones gubernativas de Juan Domingo Perón - más precisamente, entre agosto de 1947 y septiembre de 1955. En este orden de cosas, la elección de las referidas fechas límite se debe a que en los meses y años referidos se produjeron modificaciones tan sensibles en la integración del Tribunal que bien puede hablarse de la existencia de una Corte que, íntimamente ligada con la estrella del régimen peronista, no sólo fue casi completamente distinta a la que la antecedió sino que también fue diferente a la que la sucedió.
Adjustment, poverty and employment in Mexico. ARACELI DAMIÁN: Burlington: Ashgate, 2000.
Authors: Herrero Pedro Pérez
Published: February 2024

Desde hace años, casi todos los analistas coinciden en señalar que la pobreza en México ha aumentado en las últimas dos décadas y que la distribución del ingreso social y regional se ha venido deteriorando. Se discute la intensidad del fenómeno, las causas que lo han originado y la forma de combatirlo, pero existe una cierta unanimidad en reconocer que la "década perdida" de 1980 tuvo efectos sociales dramáticos y que las políticas ortodoxas de choque implementadas durante la década de 1990 no han generado los logros prometidos. Unos señalan que hay que esperar todavía para ver los resultados positivos, mientras que otros subrayan la necesidad de cambiar de estrategia.
The Wars of Independence in Spanish America. CHRISTON I. ARCHER (ed.): Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2000.
Authors: Young Eric Van
Published: February 2024

The Spanish American wars of independence in the first quarter of the nineteenth century have traditionally been a staple of Latin American historiography –think only of the hagiographies of many of the leading caudillos, the political histories of the era, and the historia patria tradition more generally. In recent years, however, there has been something of a boom in the literature as Latin American, United States, and European scholars have revisited the period and its antecedents from a number of new perspectives. Among the most salutary influences have been newer forms of social and cultural history emphasizing not only structural (that is, long-term socio-economic) factors, but also the lives of common people and the interventions such groups make in large political events, as well as anthropologized studies of peasants, in particular, and the problematics of large-scale guerrilla insurgencies. Most of these approaches are represented to some degree in this new anthology edited by Christon Archer, one of the leading modern historians of Mexican independence. The essays by contemporary scholars are drawn from published books and journal articles which originally appeared between 1968 and 1996, each introduced by a brief editor's paragraph setting them within a broader context. Although the emphasis in this interesting mixture of essays and primary-source readings is firmly on the military history of Mexico and the Bolivarian republics (Central America, Chile, and Argentina are left out, but one cannot do everything and hope for any depth of treatment, after all),
Joseño: Another Maya Voice Speaks from Guatemala. IGNACIO BIZARRO UJPÁN (edited and translated by James D. Sexton): Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2001.
Authors: Herrera Robinson A.
Published: February 2024

The fruitful cooperation between Ignacio Bizarro Ujpán and James D. Sexton, initiated some thirty years before the publication of their latest effort, has produced four volumes: Son of Tecún Umán: A Maya Indian Tells His Life Story(1981); Campesino: The Diary of a Guatemalan Indian (1985); and Ignacio: The Diary of a Maya Indian of Guatemala(1992). The volumes follow the daily life and activities of Bizarro Ujpán, an important member of the highland indigenous community of San José la Laguna. While Son of Tecún Umán proved innovative and fresh when first published, testimonial literature has since come under fierce attack, as evidenced by the controversy over the writings of Rigoberta Menchú. David Stoll, and before him Dinesh D'Souza, has questioned the veracity of the information contained in Menchú's account and the role of Elisabeth Burgos as editor. At the heart of that debate lie questions of memory, the use of single indigenous informants, and the methodology of collecting and editing personal journals for presentation as narratives. Sexton tries to set himself apart from that controversy by presenting an explanation of the methodology employed in gathering information. But, ultimately, the work mildly suffers from a lack of background information on the events described, and from Bizarro Ujpán's self-portrayal as a humble member of his community.
Radical Women in Latin America – Left and Right. VICTORIA GONZÁLEZ & KAREN KAMPWIRTH (eds.):University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2001.
Authors: Ofer Inbal
Published: February 2024

Starting in the early 1980s, and influenced by the second wave of feminist writings, a relatively large number of books were written which focused on the experiences of women in radical left-wing organizations and parties. In recent years, these have been followed by a smaller, but constantly growing, number of monographs paying similar attention to women on the Conservative Right and Radical Right of the political spectrum. Yet, amidst all of these, one would be hard pressed to find a comparative project that looks at women on both left- and right-wing organizations. Radical Women in Latin America – Left and Right, edited by Victoria González and Karen Kampwirth, is an outstanding effort to fill precisely this gap in the historiography.
City of Suspects. Crime in Mexico City, 1900-1931. PABLO PICCATO: Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2001.
Authors: Alazraki Paola Chenillo
Published: February 2024

La ciudad de los sospechosos de Pablo Piccato es la historia de los criminales y sus víctimas en la ciudad de México a principios del siglo XX, cuando el crimen era —como ahora— una preocupación central de los habitantes de la capital. Sin embargo, mientras que los sectores privilegiados lo consideraban un obstáculo para la consolidación de su proyecto de orden social y progreso material, para la mayoría de la población —señala el autor—, incluyendo a los delincuentes y sus víctimas, era parte de la vida cotidiana.
The Art of Transition: Latin American Culture and Neoliberal Crisis. FRANCINE MASIELLO: Duke University Press, 2001.
Authors: Mahan Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

In The Art of Transition, Francine Masiello sets out to examine “culture as it moves from conditions of dictatorship to democracy” and “the fate of culture under market domain” (xi). Following this lead, my concern in the present review is not with her interpretation of literary texts, but rather her arguments concerning how markets and globalization explain the emergence of new voices and themes elaborated in those texts.
Introducción, estudio preliminar y transcripción paleográfica de Gerónimo Luis de Cabrera, Relaciones de la jornada a los Césares (1625). OSCAR ROSCAR R. NOCETTI y LUCIO B. MIR: Santa Rosa (Argentina): Amerindia, 2000.
Authors: Navarro Floria Pedro
Published: February 2024

Nocetti y Mir hacen, mediante la publicación de dos manuscritos hasta ahora inéditos existentes en la Biblioteca Nacional de Chile, un aporte singular a la historia de una región y una época —la frontera de la Pampa y la Patagonia entre los siglos XVI y XVII— poco conocida en general, y menos aún revisada en los últimos años. Aporte notablemente enriquecido por el estudio preliminar que comentaremos en esta nota.
"El hombre del maíz de la Argentina”: Salomón Horovitz y la tecnología de la investigación en la fitotecnia sudamericana
Authors: Vessuri Hebe
Published: February 2024

En este trabajo analizamos la trayectoria científica y académica de un investigador pionero y constructor de instituciones en la genética vegetal sudamericana, Salomón Horovitz Yarcho (1897-1978), considerando tres etapas principales de su desarrollo: antes de su ida a EE.UU. como estudiante de postgrado, donde vio de cerca el auge de los maíces híbridos; su labor profesional en la Argentina desde su retorno de EE.UU. en 1932 hasta 1947, estrechamente vinculada al desarrollo de la fitotecnia y la genética vegetal en la etapa de institucionalización de la investigación y el desarrollo (IyD) en ese país y, por último, la fase final de su carrera profesional en Venezuela, donde se estableció en forma permanente hasta su muerte en 1978, siendo también allí partícipe directo de la institucionalización de los estudios de genética de plantas y modernización de la agricultura. El trasfondo estuvo marcado por los cambios económicos y políticos en ambos países y el clima de opinión que se desarrolló en ese período de guerra fría en la región. En conexión con este último punto, en particular, la controversia generada en torno al desempeño de Derald G. Langham y la Fundación Rockefeller, por un lado, y del Ministerio de Agricultura venezolano y Horovitz, por el otro, arrojan una luz inesperada a la trayectoria de un investigador que, de otro modo, parece haber sido poco inclinado a los avatares de la política y la diplomacia y cuyo recuerdo queda como el de un maestro despertador de vocaciones y ejemplo de disciplina, rigor metodológico y modestia personal en una etapa seminal del desarrollo de la investigación científica en la región.
Elites intelectuales y ciencias sociales en la Argentina de los años 60. El Instituto Torcuato Di Tella y la Nueva Economía
Authors: Plotkin Mariano Ben , Neiburg Federico
Published: February 2024

El propósito de este trabajo es examinar el proceso de surgimiento de una nueva elite intelectual-estatal en la Argentina a partir de la década de 1950: los economistas profesionales. El desarrollo de esta elite es entendido como el resultado de dos procesos convergentes. En primer lugar, se vincula con las demandas de una burocracia estatal que se modernizaba como consecuencia de un orden internacional cambiante en el contexto de la Guerra Fría y de la Alianza para el Progreso, y debido a una profundización de la presencia del Estado en el campo económico. En segundo lugar, se asocia a las condiciones particulares de la evolución de la economía en la Argentina como disciplina a la vez científica y de Estado y, en términos más generales, a la constitución de un campo modernizado e internacionalizado de las ciencias sociales.
Bolivia o los expedientes secretos de los sectores populares urbanos en la Argentina de los 90
Authors: Manzano Valeria
Published: February 2024

Bolivia (Argentina, 2000). Dirección y guión: Israel Adrián Caetano. Producción: Lita Stantic. Fotografía: Julián Apezteguía. Montaje: Santiago Ricci. Intérpretes: Freddy Waldo Flores, Rosa Sánchez, Enrique Liporace, Oscar "Oso" Bertes, Héctor Anglada. Estreno: febrero de 2002.
Civil-Military Relations in Latin America: New Analytical Perspectives. DAVID PION-BERLIN (ed.): Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
Authors: Smallman Shawn C.
Published: February 2024

This collection of essays by David Pion-Berlin examines civil-military relations in Latin America during a period of uncertain democratization. In this timely study, Pion-Berlin argues that scholars need to adopt new analytical perspectives because of changes in the international order, as well as trends in political science scholarship. Pion-Berlin states that the study of civil military relations in Latin America has been hampered by its isolation from comparative politics. He believes that the field has not taken advantage of "theoretical innovations from the outside that could have potentially valuable applications within. Instead, it has fallen back on itself, dredging up familiar ideas that have yielded diminishing returns over time" (p. 2). Pion-Berlin's critique of the state of the scholarship is convincing. Major changes --the end of the Cold War, the rising importance of anti-U.S. sentiment within some regional militaries, the ideological dominance of neo-liberalism, and the growing power of globalization-- call for scholars to rethink many shibboleths. Yet this volume is uneven. Despite some extremely good articles, some important issues are untouched and opportunities missed.
Freud in the Pampas. The Emergence and development of a Psychoanalytic Culture in Argentina. MARIANO BEN PLOTKIN: Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.
Authors: Ben Pablo
Published: February 2024

This study stands in opposition to some of the generally accepted views of the history of this discipline, including those seeking to pinpoint the "real" current in psychoanalysis. By contrast, Mariano Ben Plotkin adopts a "historical approach" that focuses on the many ways in which different cultures affected the reception of psychoanalysis in Argentina. Accordingly, the author rejects a reconstruction of the past that assumes that psychoanalysis was necessarily meant to become the culturally influential phenomenon that we can observe nowadays. Although Plotkin shares this anti-teleological view with Hugo Vezzetti, he provides a different interpretation.
Rereading the Conquest: Power, Politics and the History of Early Colonial Michoacán, Mexico, 1521-1565 JAMES KRIPPNER-MARTÍNEZ: Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2001.
Authors: Megged Amos
Published: February 2024

Fifteen years have passed since the publication of Selected Subaltern Studies, a groundbreaking book that initiated an entire field of thought and analysis: the deconstruction of history and historiography, and especially what "colonialism" has meant. Since Edward Said, Americanists, such as José Rabasa and Jorge Klor de Alva, as well as a growing number of others, have chosen this road, leaning heavily on what has already been learned from the field of literary criticism and, more recently, from the "new" intellectual history, and combining this with the methodology of post-Structuralism. Their general tenet is re-reading the texts, the sources, the discourse, in order to 'decipher' the innermost encoded predispositions that might have prompted the diverse colonial authors and actors to structure their contemporaneous scene in accordance with their own wishful and biased thinking. An entire debate began on the viability of those methods, and much of it was echoed in two editions of the Hispanic American Historical Review. Obviously, as in any other discipline, there are good and bad studies, and this should be the only way to judge their value and choice. Nevertheless, what one often asks oneself is: does the particular method or tool chosen bring about an innovative approach, or is a fruitful outcome reached after reviewing the sources from a different angle?
Prácticas y procesos electorales en el noroeste argentino: Catamarca en las primeras décadas del siglo XX (1915-1923)
Authors: Ibáñez Carlos , Alvero Luis , Coronel Miriam , González Mirtha , Cejas Elvira
Published: February 2024

En este trabajo se abordará un tema de historia política con un enfoque centrado en las elecciones y sus prácticas como una forma de acercarnos a los actos y las palabras que reflejan las posiciones que cada persona ocupa en el cuadro de disenso y negociación propios de todo proceso electoral.En la praxis política general, la distancia existente entre las disposiciones legales y los actos referidos a los derechos civiles de los miembros de una comunidad son elementos que modelan y definen actitudes sociales constitutivas de lo que llamamos "clima político". El estudio de las prácticas electorales como parte de los mecanismos de control y dominio político resulta necesario para una reinterpretación de las historias locales y regionales enmarcadas en un particular momento de la historia nacional argentina.
Argentina on the couch: Psychiatry, state and society, 1880 to the present. MARIANO B. PLOTKIN: Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2003.
Authors: Donghi Tulio Halperín
Published: February 2024

El contenido de este volumen editado por Mariano Plotkin --quien en su reciente Freud in the Pampas (Stanford, 2001) nos ha ofrecido una agudísima reconstrucción de la trayectoria del sicoanálisis en la Argentina – está más fidedignamente anunciado en el subtítulo que en el título, ya que dos de sus tres secciones se ocupan de una etapa previa a la introducción del diván en la práctica sicoterapéutica.
Violence in Colombia 1990-2000: Waging War and Negotiating Peace. CHARLES BERGQUIST, RICARDO PEÑARANDA, AND GONZALO SÁNCHEZ (eds.): Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 2001.
Authors: LaRosa Michael J.
Published: February 2024

Charles Bergquist, Ricardo Peñaranda and Gonzalo Sánchez have edited another book dealing with violence in Colombia. Their previous effort, Violence in Colombia: the Contemporary Crisis in Historical Perspective, was published in 1992 and offered a broad, sweeping, fourteen-chapter historical narrative of Colombia's violence. Their most recent work, published as Violence in Colombia 1990-2000: Waging War and Negotiating Peace (2001) focuses on Colombian violence in the final decade of the twentieth century.
Incas e indios cristianos. Elites indígenas e identidades cristianas en los Andes coloniales. JEAN-JACQUES DECOSTER(ed.): Cusco: Centro de Estudios Regionales Andinos Bartolomé de Las Casas, IFEA, Asociación Kuraka, 2002.
Authors: Szemiñski Y. Bar Yafe
Published: February 2024

El tomo es resultado de un coloquio llamado "Cristianismo y Poder", celebrado en el Cuzco en junio de 2000. Contiene 23 artículos unidos por la encuadernación, por una introducción y por la palabra iglesia o Iglesia, que ocurre en casi todos. La mayor parte de los textos trata de la época colonial en el sur andino, en especial en el Cuzco. Los textos no son todos del mismo nivel. De hecho, se pueden dividir en varios grupos:
The Exhaustion of Difference: The Politics of Latin American Cultural Studies. ALBERTO MOREIRAS: Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2001.
Authors: Rippberger Susan J.
Published: February 2024

The Exhaustion of Difference is a multi-disciplined treatise on the state of cultural studies at the university. In his analysis, Alberto Moreiras merges culture, politics, and philosophy to comment on cultural identity within rampant globalization and assimilation to Western European, capitalist values. Moreiras censures the purpose of the university as a means of global domination. He advocates reframing cultural studies through subalternity as an alternative to more traditional (e.g., area studies) conceptualizations of identity and difference.
Las sombras del encuentro – España y América: cuatro siglos de Historia a través del Cine.RAFAEL DE ESPAÑA: Badajoz: Departamento de Publicaciones de la Diputación Provincial, 2002.
Authors: Tal Tzvi
Published: February 2024

Rafael de España es un médico, al que su pasión por el cine ha llevado a doctorarse en Historia en la Universidad de Barcelona. Es también un prolífico historiador, que acaba de publicar: El cine de Goebbels (2000) y Breve historia del Western mediterráneo - La recreación europea de un mito norteamericano (2002).
Tradiciones liberales en los Andes: militares y campesinos en la formación del estado peruano.
Authors: Méndez Cecilia G.
Published: February 2024

"No existe una etnohistoria para el siglo XIX peruano", sentenció el antropólogo Jaime Urrutia desde una palestra del I Congreso Nacional de Investigación Histórica llevado a cabo en Lima en 1984. Nunca pude olvidar aquella frase. La guerra interna desatada por Sendero Luminoso pasaba por su periodo más sangriento y Jaime Urrutia había llegado a Lima desde Ayacucho, su lugar de trabajo por muchos años y cuna de la violencia senderista. Urrutia pudo escapar a las amenazas y atentados contra su vida, que en su condición de profesor universitario y teniente alcalde de la ciudad de Ayacucho le inflingieron tanto Sendero Luminoso como el ejército. Pero otros no fueron tan afortunados.
Peasant Identity, Worker Identity: Multiple Modes of Rural Consciousness in Highland Ecuador.
Authors: Becker Marc
Published: February 2024

On December 30, 1930, agricultural workers on the Pesillo hacienda in the canton of Cayambe, in the northern Ecuador highlands, rose up in protest against abuses they faced at the hands of their bosses. Local governmental officials reported that no one was working as the strike spread across the hacienda and threatened to engulf neighboring properties. Pesillo's newly formed peasant union El Inca, as well as Tierra Libre from the neighboring Moyurco hacienda, presented a list of 17 demands which focused almost exclusively on issues of working conditions, indebtedness, and salaries. They demanded that the patrones (bosses) fire mayordomos (overseers) who mistreated workers, raise their daily salary to forty centavos, recognize an eight-hour work day, pay women for their labor, and establish a school for their children.
Tradición y conflicto social en los Andes argentinos. En torno al Malón de la Paz de 1946.
Authors: Kindgard Adriana M.
Published: February 2024

En mayo de 1946, una caravana de más de un centenar de nativos arrendatarios de la Puna jujeña emprendía la marcha hacia la Capital Federal, llevando consigo mulas, carruajes y enseres. Yendo la mayoría a pie, demorarían un par de meses en recorrer los más de dos mil kilómetros de distancia, arribando a Buenos Aires a fines de julio. Los animaba la expectativa de recibir de manos del presidente Perón los títulos de propiedad de las tierras que ocupaban.