bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A decrease in eating barnyard millet in Iwate prefecture: a literature review of Iwate no Hoken (hygiene in Iwate)
Authors: Mitsui Takahiro
Published: September 2020

Although it is not used today, barnyard millet and foxtail millet were staples, especially for people living in the cold and mountainous areas in Japan. The Northern part of Iwate prefecture was the largest area for barnyard millet production, but its production had almost disappeared up to the late 1960s during the high economic growth period. The disused process and how people felt along with the mood during that time are not well examined. Articles in Iwate no Hoken (hygiene in Iwate), a local journal that was published by the Iwate prefecture National Health Insurance Organization from the mid-1950s to the late 1960s, were examined. This journal was mainly composed of a reader’s column or letters about every aspect of daily life, such as medicine, family problems, diet, education, culture, business, and readers’ autobiographies. Many articles indicated that people hid the fact that they ate millet. The rapid shift from millet to rice was accompanied by a change in their community from a self-sufficient society to a consuming society. The pleasure of eating white rice seemed to be fully suppressed by their financial problems regarding buying electric products, agricultural equipment, motorcycles, and food. Many laborers had to work outside of their hometown and the younger generation, especially girls, left their community. The editorial office concluded that the self-sufficient society had become a consuming society.
OS DESAFIOS IMPOSTOS PELA PANDEMIA COVID-19: DAS MEDIDAS DE PROTEÇÃO DO DIREITO À SAÚDE AOS IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Sturza Janaína Machado , Tonel Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), em 11 de março de 2020, anunciava ao mundo uma pandemia global – tratava-se de uma doença viral denominada de COVID-19. Nesse sentido, este estudo propõe-se a construir argumentos capazes de proporcionar reflexões e indagações acerca da exigência de medidas de proteção, apontadas como imperativas no controle da pandemia da COVID-19, destacando-se a repercussão na vida diária das pessoas, especialmente no que se refere a direitos fundamentais como saúde, acesso a informações de qualidade e preservação do trabalho.Metodologia: O presente estudo constitui-se como uma revisão bibliográfica que segue o método dedutivo. Utiliza-se de um aporte bibliográfico e doutrinário multidisciplinar e interdisciplinar.Resultados: Verificou-se que o isolamento, o constante medo da doença e a ameaça de desemprego causam danos imensuráveis a saúde mental da população.Contribuições: A principal contribuição desta pesquisa reside na possibilidade de refletir-se e indagar-se sobre as várias questões pertinentes a infeliz propagação deste novo coronavírus, que vem protagonizando uma rigorosa crise sanitária e humanitária, com abalos ao direito à saúde, as liberdades individuais e coletivas e aos meios de subsistência das pessoas. Apesar da notada necessidade de evitar qualquer convívio social para conter o contágio, enfrentar uma pandemia, em muitas situações seguida de uma quarentena, pode ter grande impacto na saúde mental dos indivíduos.
O UNIVERSALISMO INTERATIVO DE SEYLA BENHABIB COMO UMA RESPOSTA À CRISE POLÍTICA MODERNA APONTADA POR SIMONE DE GOYARD-FABRE
Authors: Machado Juliana Pantoja , Simões Sandro Alex De Souza , Verbicaro Loiane Prado
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem a finalidade de oferecer uma resposta possível à crise do direito político moderno, apontada por Simone de Goyard-Fabre em sua análise do Estado de Direito. Para tanto, estuda-se a teoria crítica de Seyla Benhabib, por meio do universalismo interativo pensado pela filósofa, a fim de estabelecer uma ponte entre a importância que ambas as teóricas fomentam acerca da consideração de uma razão universal, porém apontando as discrepâncias entre a compreensão de ambas sobre o funcionamento do espaço público e consequentemente do direito.Metodologia: O texto foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, com revisão doutrinária de abordagem filosófica no âmbito da teoria política, buscando associar epistemologias complementares ao campo teórico referido.Resultados: Identificou-se que as bases da crise política são as mesmas que levam à crise do direito público, como construído por ambas as filósofas, contudo considera-se que o universalismo interativo filosoficamente elaborado por Benhabib (1992), utilizando o modelo discursivo da ética habermasiana, funcione como uma ferramenta a ser usada para interpretar a formação e o funcionamento da esfera pública de forma mais adequada do que o modelo proposto por Goyard-Fabre (2002).Contribuições: A contribuição perpassa pela identificação inovadora dos elementos trazidos pelo estudo da teoria de Benhabib (1992), como capazes de responder aos questionamentos levantados por Goyard-Fabre (2002) a respeito das causas da crise na elaboração e na manutenção do direito. Nesse sentido, um novo olhar sobre a pluralidade dos contextos humanos é lançado à reflexão sobre o Estado de Direito.
EFETIVIDADE DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS E DEMOCRACIA: A SOBERANIA CONSTITUCIONAL COOPERATIVA ENTRE A ORDEM ESTATAL E A ORDEM INTERNACIONAL NA SOCIEDADE DO RISCO E DA INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Caldas Roberto Correia da Silva Gomes , Tomaz Carlos Alberto Simões de
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: O artigo tem por escopo analisar a projeção da soberania constitucional cooperativa no âmbito interno dos Estados e na ordem internacional da contemporânea sociedade do risco e da informação, tendo como preocupação a efetividade dos direitos humanos ou fundamentais (ou ambos), para questionar a vivência democrática numa e noutra ordem.Metodologia: Segundo uma metodologia própria para lidar com temas interdisciplinares específicos, como de Direito Internacional, da Integração, Constitucional e Sociologia Jurídica, parte-se de um recorte crítico da realidade exposta, tendo-se como marco teórico a doutrina contemporânea referida, ao adotar-se o método dedutivo, com apoio da exploração bibliográfica e documental enquanto técnica de abordagem, para se comprovarem as premissas levantadas e se alcançarem os objetivos propostos.Resultados: Divisa, sob tal contextura, a perda do monopólio estatal de criação e aplicação normativas, com a exsurgência de novos polos definidores de conteúdos (nocivos e benignos) que ensejam profundas modificações tanto no plano interno quanto no plano externo, em que a atuação dos mais variados agentes – entre eles, e ainda com centralidade, o Estado – ampara-se em operações transjuncionais que marcam a hipertrofia dos sistemas econômico e político em detrimento da autonomia do sistema jurídico, o que se erige em prejuízo da efetividade dos direitos humanos ou fundamentais (ou ambos).Contribuições: O estudo aponta, segundo a metodologia adotada, a soberana função sistêmico-integradora da Constituição que se apresentaria, na atualidade, como um espaço normativo voltado a permitir uma salutar inter-referência entre os sistemas jurídico, político e econômico, de maneira a ter-se, em conclusão, um canal heterárquico e cooperativo de equalização dos interesses recíprocos no concerto democrático.
REINFECTION OF Y-VIRUS ON SEED POTATO IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA
Authors: Zamalieva Faniya
Published: September 2020

The studies were carried out to identify the relationship between the vector activity of aphids and the intensity of Y-virus reinfection on seed potatoes. The growth rate of viral infection was assessed using the reinfection coefficient, which is the ratio between the rates of infection at the end and beginning of the growing season. The vector activity of aphids was determined for the entire growing season, taking into account the severity coefficients for different aphid species. The critical threshold for the vector activity of aphids was considered to be the abundance level equivalent to 50 specimens of the peach aphid. With the vector activity of aphids at the level of the critical threshold (1 CT), the coefficient of reinfection PVY of Nevskiy variety was at the level of 1. When it increased to 2.6 times the critical threshold, a 3.8… 4.8-fold increase in the coefficient of reinfection occurred. With a further increase in the vector activity of aphids to 4.3 and 10.5 critical threshold, it remained at the same level. The inhibition of the growth of critical threshold is explained by the fact that the Y-virus, as not persistent, remains in the carrier for a short time and therefore is transmitted to the same nearby surrounding plants. The accumulation of viral infection in the early stages of reproduction of the original and original material can occur latently, which is associated with a limited number of samples taken for analysis (200 ... 250 plants or tubers) and, accordingly, a low probability of detecting the degree of infection less than 0.5%. According to the results of calculations during the reproduction of seed with a reinfection coefficient of 4 and reaching the first reproduction with an infestation of 10%, the safe level of infestation of PVY in greenhouse minitubers should not exceed 0.01%, in the first field generation - 0.04%, in the super-super-elite - 0 , 15%, among the super elite - 0.6%, the elite - 2.5%
KINEMATIC ANALYSIS AND SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF A SPIRAL-SCREW WORKING UNIT OF A SOIL PROCESSING MACHINE
Authors: Nuriev Lenar , Yarullin Fanis , Yakhin Sergey , Aliakberov Ilfat , Khusainov Rail
Published: September 2020

To improve the quality of pre-sowing soil tillage in the Republic of Tatarstan, a tillage implement has been developed, which, unlike other designs, contains a helical spiral and needle ellipsoid disks coaxially mounted on a horizontal shaft. Passive helix creates a compacted seed bed at the depth of seed placement; needle ellipsoidal disks are active and provide mulching of the surface soil layer. A preliminary analysis of the processes of interaction of the working unit with the soil is possible on the basis of the parametric equations of motion of individual points of the cutting edges of the helical spiral, as well as expressions for determining their speeds and accelerations. The design parameters selected during the calculation and design of the proposed rotary combined tool should ensure that the helical spiral enters the soil with sliding. Otherwise, the traction resistance of the unit increases. To justify the basic design parameters of a spiral-screw working unit, preliminary construction of theoretical dependences is also necessary. According to the calculation results, the points of the cutting edge of the helical spiral make a complex movement in space when the gun moves. The components of the speed and acceleration of these points are variable parameters, which contributes to the active crumbling of the soil and the destruction of its lumps. The optimal design parameters of the working unit of the gun: the diameter of the helical spiral is 0.470 m; the angle of inclination of the helical spiral (the angle of the helix) - 10 ° ... 25 °; the angle of inclination of the large side of the strip to the generatrix of the cylindrical surface that describes the helical spiral is 25 ° ... 30 °
VARIABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT AND GRAIN YIELD OF COLLECTED SAMPLES OF WINTER TRITICALE
Authors: Ponomarev Sergey , Ponomareva Mira Leonidovna Mira , Fomin Sergey , Mannapova Gul'naz , Gil'mullina Liliya
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study is to isolate from collection samples of winter triticale the sources of short-stemming and high grain yield for their further involvement in the selection process in the forest-steppe conditions of middle Volga region. The studies were carried out in 2013–2017 on typical gray forest soils. 93 samples of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the collection of All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov. Standard is Bashkir short-stemmed. Weather conditions during the years of study varied significantly. The studied gene pool has a wide genetic diversity in plant height (65 ... 136 cm) and yield (277 ... 579 g/m2). According to the results of analysis of variance, a significant influence of the genotype and year conditions on the manifestation of these characters was established. Plant height and yield depended on both factors and their interaction, but the first trait is determined mainly by the heredity of the varieties (46.1%), and the second - by the growing conditions (61.8%). There was a significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotypes and by years: the coefficient of intervarietal variation in the average values of the traits of grain yield and plant height for 2013–2017 amounted to 15.0 and 17.2%, respectively, with variation by years 15 , 4 ... 30.7% and 15.1 ... 20.1%, respectively. According to the results of regression analysis, it was found that within the studied gene pool the highest grain yield was formed by samples with a plant height of 86 ... 105 cm. 13 sources of short-stemming with a plant height below 80 cm and 17 high-yielding samples with a yield of 515 ... 579 g/m2 were identified. In these genotypes, the yield excess over Bashkirskaya short-stemmed standard was significant and amounted to 33 ... 97 g/ m2, or 6.8 ... 20.1%. The varieties Tribun, Skif, Kentavr, Sotnik are characterized by the highest breeding value
DETERMINATION OF THE WORKING AREA OF THE EDGE SIEVE OF GRAIN CRUSHER WITH INCREASED SEPARATING SURFACE
Authors: Ziganshin Bulat , Bulatov Sergey , Mironov Konstantin , Rukavishnikova Valentina , Shkilev Nikolay
Published: September 2020

Hammer crushers are widely used for the destruction of grain in feed preparation. When they work in the grinding chamber, as a result of the rotor’s rotation, air flows arise that involve particles of crushed material and whole grains in motion, thereby creating an air-productive layer. These air flows are influenced by the shape and geometrical parameters of the blades, their location, rotor diameter and speed, and the parameters of the separating surface. Under the conditions of Knyagininskiy University, a hammer crusher with an enlarged separating surface was developed, the working chamber of which was formed by two end and one peripheral sieves. Angle hammers, straight hammers, or a combination of straight hammers and corner blades placed between them were installed on the rotor as working units. The study was carried out to study the effect of the type of working units and the area of overlapping of the edge sieve on the direction of air flows in the grinding chamber and to determine the working area of the edge sieve. Angle hammers are characterized by the movement of air flows in the axial direction and their following distribution: suction into the grinding chamber in the central part of the end sieve and ejection along the outer circumference of the sieve. Based on this, the entire area of the end sieve can be divided into three parts: the suction zone, the ejection zone and the transition zone. An increase in the length of the angular blades leads to an increase in the working area of the end screens, therefore, the use of combined working units is rational. Installation of working units in the form of straight hammers is impractical, since the working area of the end screens is minimal. It is also irrational to use working units in the form of angle hammers, since they are characterized by the maximum area of the retraction zone and a small working area of the end sieves
Vehicle Sequencing at Transshipment Terminals with Handover Relations
Authors: Briskorn Dirk , Fliedner Malte , Tschöke Martin
Published: September 2020

Operational planning at transshipment nodes is a wide and challenging field of research that covers a vast number of distinct relevant applications, spanning from seaport container terminals to rail terminals to cross-docks. In this work, we study the feasibility version of a fundamental synchronization problem that assigns incoming vehicles to docking resources subject to handover relations. We carry out a comprehensive analysis of computational complexity of various problem variants and establish structural connections to famous decision problems in graph theory. We further propose an exact solution algorithm for finding feasible dock assignments, if vehicles can visit the node only once and evaluate its performance in a comprehensive computational study.
Narrativas curtas de Émile Zola: aspectos da recepção da obra do escritor no Brasil entre 1860 e 1914
Authors: Martins Eduarda Araújo da Silva , Catharina Pedro Paulo Garcia Ferreira
Published: September 2020

Neste artigo, ao mapearmos as narrativas curtas de autoria do escritor francês Émile Zola (1840-1902), entre 1860 e 1914, publicadas em periódicos das regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, buscamos destacar, no âmbito da obra do escritor, um conjunto de textos geralmente colocados em segundo plano em relação à sua produção romanesca naturalista, estética e simbolicamente mais valorizada pela crítica e pela pesquisa acadêmica. Este artigo apresentará, portanto, uma análise das características estéticas de parte desses contos e novelas, frequentemente associados a uma fase romântica e juvenil do escritor, no intuito de destacar seu lugar como parte constitutiva da obra de Zola. Através da pesquisa de fontes, pela recuperação de textos literários do passado inseridos nos modos de funcionamento da imprensa brasileira oitocentista, acrescentamos novos dados sobre a recepção de Zola no Brasil, trazendo à luz traços dos gostos e preferências dos leitores brasileiros do século XIX e início do século XX.
Ciência e nação. Imprensa como observatório da cultura em Lima Barreto
Authors: Figueiredo Carmem Lúcia Negreiros de
Published: September 2020

Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto (1881-1922) é o escritor que, como poucos, apresenta forte ligação com periódicos que pode ser resumida em três aspectos ou faces: a incorporação de processos do jornalismo nos romances; a coleção de retalhos, ou recortes de jornais, ao lado das análises críticas da prática jornalística; e, ainda, a escolha dos jornais como tribuna para participar dos debates intelectuais na Primeira República. A partir da abordagem comparativa entre romances, cartas, diários e crônicas, é possível perceber a peculiar presença do jornal na criação literária e como fundamento para a atuação do escritor carioca na esfera pública. Este artigo analisa as formas como esse tenso e rico diálogo com os periódicos se realizou, destacando o debate sobre ciência e nação, que teve na imprensa sua melhor tribuna. As críticas de Lima Barreto aos  métodos, interpretações e diagnósticos dos homens de sciencia trazem lições úteis que alcançam os nossos dias.
Entretien avec le Professeur Docteur Marie-Ève Thérenty
Authors: Levin Orna Messer , Therenty Marie-Eve
Published: September 2020

Entretien
Skin injury prevention and treatment in the older person: reframing our approach in the community setting
Authors: Campbell Jill , Samolyk Monika
Published: September 2020

In the past, maintaining skin integrity has been synonymous with preventing and treating a single skin injury, namely pressure injury. However, there is growing recognition that this single-injury approach overlooks the multitude of skin injuries that may be sustained by older people. This article proposes that reframing the approach to skin integrity care away from the single-injury focus and towards a comprehensive and holistic paradigm is imperative. Guided by the Skin Safety Model, this article presents a case study illustrating comprehensive skin integrity assessment and care planning for an older person in the community setting. It is hoped that the information presented will guide community nurses in addressing skin injuries experienced by older adults in holistic and comprehensive way.
Design, fabrication and measurement of highly-dispersive mirrors with total internal reflection
Authors: Ma Penghui , Chen Yu , Amotchkina Tatiana , Trubetskov Michael , Pervak Vladimir , Li Li
Published: September 2020

High group delay dispersion (GDD) is often required for ultrafast laser applications. To achieve GDD level higher than -10000 fs2 in a single mirror setting is difficult due to the high sensitivity to unavoidable production inaccuracies. To overcome the problem, total internal reflection (TIR) based dispersive mirrors have been proposed in theory. In this paper, we report our continuous effort to further design, fabricate and measure TIR based dispersive mirrors.
128-pixel arrays of 4H-SiC UV APD with dual-frequency PECVD SiNx passivation
Authors: Zhou Xingye , Tan Xin , Lv Yuanjie , Wang Yuangang , Li Jia , Liang Shixiong , Zhang Zi-Hui , Feng Zhihong , Cai Shujun
Published: September 2020

In this paper, high-performance 1×128 linear arrays of 4H-SiC ultraviolet (UV) avalanche photodiode (APD) with dual-frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) passivation are demonstrated for the first time. The results show that SiN
x
dielectric deposited by dual-frequency PECVD can effectively reduce the leakage current at high bias voltages. Due to the improved 4H-SiC epi-layer material and SiN
x
passivation, the fabricated 22 mm-long 1×128 4H-SiC APD linear arrays exhibit an excellent performance with a high pixel yield of 100% and a small breakdown voltage variation of 0.2 V, which is the best result ever reported. At room temperature, the pixels have a gain of over 105 and a maximum quantum efficiency of 53.5% @ 285 nm. Besides the high uniformity of breakdown voltage for 128 pixels, the dark currents at 95% of breakdown voltage are all below 1 nA.
Shaping the focal intensity distribution using a partially coherent radially polarized beam with multiple off-axis vortices
Authors: Xu Hua-Feng , Zhang Rui , Sheng Zong-Qiang , Qu Jun
Published: September 2020

A new kind of partially coherent vector vortex beam, namely, the partially coherent radially polarized (PCRP) beam with multiple off-axis vortices, is introduced, and the average intensity distributions of such vortex beam focused by a thin lens are investigated theoretically. It is novelty that the off-axis vortices will induce the focal intensity redistribution and reconstruction, while this remarkable characteristic will be vanished in the case of a very low coherence. In view of this distinctive feature, a new method has been put forward to shape or modulate the focal intensity distribution by elaborately tailoring the multiple off-axis vortices as well as the coherence length. More importantly, some peculiar focal fields with novel structures, such as bar-shaped, triangle-shaped, square-shaped, and pentagon-shaped hollow profiles or flat-top foci, are obtained. Our results indicate that modulating the multiple off-axis vortices provides an additional degree of freedom for focus shaping.
Experimental and numerical study of interlock requirements for high-power EYDFAs
Authors: Booker P. , De Varona O. , Steinke M. , Wessels P. , Neumann J. , Kracht D.
Published: September 2020

In this work, we studied the interlock requirements in a seed failure scenario for Er3+:Yb3+ doped fiber amplifiers (EYDFAs) pumped with high intensities in the MWcm−2 range at 9XX nm. We fed a time-dependent FEM-tool with the data from backwards directed amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) transients of different commercially available core-pumped single-mode fibers. In the FEM-tool, the Er3+:Yb3+ system is defined as a bi-directional energy transfer process and described by the corresponding rate equations. The power evolution of the pump, seed, and ASE signal is computed by differential equations taking into account the transient population densities of the relevant energy levels. With the model, we computed the temporal evolution of the corresponding energy levels after a seeder failure to take place within tens to hundreds of µs and calculated the associated gain. The fibers under test provide a critical total gain of 30 dB after ∼ 80 µs within the Yb3+ band and after ∼300 µs within the Er3+ band. This time decreases with increasing pump power and doping concentration. The results can be extrapolated to high-power cladding-pumped EYDFAs to meet the challenging requirements of engineering-level systems.
Seeking reality through the unreal: Interviewing high-fidelity human patient simulation in undergraduate nursing education
Authors: Lemermeyer Gillian
Published: September 2020

This article examines the use of high-fidelity mannequins in simulation scenarios as used in nursing undergraduate education. Notwithstanding a lack of robust support in the research literature regarding outcomes, these mannequins have been broadly taken up by educators. Employing a form of posthuman inquiry, I explore how the use of high-fidelity mannequins may affect the student nurses’ relation with real living bodies, and therefore the people they eventually look after. Ways to mitigate the potential side-effects of the medium are offered, including a reframing of the simulation scenario.
Applying the cognitive theory of multimedia learning: Using the ADDIE model to enhance instructional video
Authors: Artman Nicholas
Published: September 2020

Video formats continue to increase as a popular form of delivering information. Instructional video provides a level of versatility in both delivery and design that make it an appealing and engaging teaching tool. According to the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, people retain more knowledge from words and pictures than words alone. Applying a basic instructional design model, such as the ADDIE model, to the video production process can increase the effectiveness of recorded content. The ADDIE model guides an instructor through a well-thought-out development plan that includes learning objectives and creation of content. For some, producing instructional video may seem like a daunting or cumbersome endeavour. However, with some structure and guidance, instructional video proves to be an effective teaching method. From a media ecology perspective, if more learning is to happen outside of the classroom, educators must learn to leverage these new mediated environments to increase student retention of course material. This article serves as an instructional guide for faculty who wish to begin recording or strengthening their current instructional videos.
Los recursos del entorno socio-cultural y la utilización del presente en las aulas de Historia de España
Authors: García-Marín Ramón , Martínez-Valcárcel Nicolás , Ortega-Roldán Martha
Published: September 2020

La finalidad principal de esta línea de investigación es conocer la práctica realizada en las aulas de Historia; por otra parte, el objetivo de este artículo es “el estudio del uso de los recursos del entorno socio-cultural y la utilización del presente en las aulas de Historia de España”. La metodología no experimental, descriptiva, y la selección de la muestra por cúmulos y cuotas han permitido llegar a 41 participantes de 25 de los 136 centros de Educación Secundaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia (CARM), España, en el curso 2014-2015, utilizando un cuestionario de opinión abierto. Los resultados muestran el uso casi total de citas al presente por parte de los profesores en sus aulas, la integración del patrimonio en la enseñanza en los primeros periodos de la Historia de España, el visionado de series televisivas para la comprensión de las formas de vida, sobre todo en la Historia actual, unido a las narraciones de las personas que vivieron los acontecimientos políticos actuales. Igualmente, ponen de manifiesto la existencia de otros aprendizajes no evaluados y la importancia de estos recursos en la formación general ciudadana.
Semi-Automatic Building Extraction from WorldView-2 Imagery Using Taguchi Optimization
Authors: Tonbul Hasan , Kavzoglu Taskin
Published: September 2020

Due to the complex spectral and spatial structures of remotely sensed images, the delineation of land use/land cover classes using conventional approaches is a challenging task. This article tackles the problem of seeking optimal parameters of multi-resolution segmentation for a classification
task using WorldView-2 imagery. Taguchi optimization was applied to search optimal parameters using the plateau objective function (POF) and quality rate (Qr) as fitness criteria. Analysis of variance was also used to estimate the contributions
of the parameters for POF and Qr, separately. The scale parameter was the most effective one, with contribution levels of 87.45% and 56.87% for POF and Qr, respectively. Linear regression and support-vector regression methods were used to predict the results of the experiment. Test results
revealed that Taguchi optimization was more effective than linear regression and support-vector regression for predicting POF and Qr values.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Common European Framework Of Reference For Language (CEFR) Di Indonesia
Authors: Talqis Nurdianto  , Noor Azizi bin Ismail
Published: September 2020

Learning and teaching Arabic for non-Arabic speakers continues to develop, from methods, teaching aid to curriculum. The development of learning and teaching follows the changing demands of the era and era of learners (students). This renewal of methods and media does not mean that the older version is forgotten altogether, but rather they became a platform to be improved thus giving a good impression on Arabic learners that learning Arabic is easy and fun. For Indonesians, Arabic, like any other foreign languages, is not their native language. Depending on the learners, learning Arabic has different levels of difficulty. The difficulty of learning is not always due to the language but also the student. The Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR) in learning foreign languages in Europe is an alternative method chosen in learning English for non-English speakers in Europe. Can this theory be applied in Arabic learning, as can 40 foreign languages besides English? This study seeks to determine the effectiveness, opportunities and challenges of learning Arabic in Indonesia using CEFR by using descriptive qualitative methods. The level of formal education that refers to the age of students is not used in learning Arabic with CEFR. The CEFR theory in learning Arabic refers to Arabic language ability at each level and has the total of six levels.. A1 and A2 are for beginners, B1 and B2 for intermediate, and C1 and C2 for advanced levels. Arabic learning material arranged according to the competencies of each level makes it possible for anyone to learn it and occupy the level according to their abilities. Meanwhile, the implementation of CEFR in learning Arabic in Indonesia and its opportunities and challenges is still difficult to find, both in formal and non-formal education without support from the government.

Keywords: CEFR, Arabic learning.
Tomasz Terlikowski, Czego księża nie powiedzą ci o antykoncepcji?, W drodze, Poznań 2018, ss. 178.
Authors: Tomczyk Jan
Published: September 2020

Recenzja. Tomasz Terlikowski, Czego księża nie powiedzą ci o antykoncepcji?, W drodze, Poznań 2018, ss. 178.
Optimizing the Arrangement of Strain Gauges in Pile Load Testing
Authors: Sinnreich Jon
Published: September 2020

The use of strain gauges in a deep foundation element static load test is a common technique to obtain soil strata mobilized resistance. The typical arrangement is several gauges at each of several discrete depths. The gauges at each depth are averaged, the average is converted to a force, and the forces at various depths are differentiated to compute force dissipation into the soil. A simple error analysis leads to the optimal arrangement of gauges in the element cross section, accounting for uneven distribution of strain across the cross-section plane of the element and the possibility of gauge malfunction. By using a case history as an example, the optimal vertical spacing of gauge levels is discussed.
Genetic Algorithm–Based Robust Controller for an Inverted Pendulum Using Model Order Reduction
Authors: Pratheep V. G. , Priyanka E. B. , Thangavel S. , Gomathi K.
Published: September 2020

Robust stabilization is an important characterization to get improved in the control system to optimize the performance of the desired system. Most of the controllers available suffer from problems such as difficulty in the tuning process, sluggishness in response time, quick and global convergence, etc. This paper considered proportional-integral optimized with genetic algorithm (GA-PID)controller on inverted pendulum for the control of the angle position. A MATLAB script for a GA was developed to obtain optimum PID parameters that would keep the pendulum angle at equilibrium (i.e., returns the pendulum to the desired point as quickly as possible) by minimizing an objective function (integral time absolute error [ITAE]). Furthermore, obtained outcomes confirm the performance of holding on the upright position from the downward direction such that the angle of the pendulum is manipulated to control the inverted position in its erect position in a rapid manner. In the experimental analysis, the developed GA-based PID controller is compared with the conventional PID controller to evaluate the performance of the inverted pendulum. The obtained results show that the GA-based PID controller confirms the enhanced performance indexes by holding minimum settling time and peak overshoot on comparing with the conventional PID controller.
Spatial Organization and Dynamics of the Extracellular Space in the Mouse Retina
Authors: Kuo Sidney P. , Chiang Pei-Pei , Nippert Amy R. , Newman Eric A.
Published: September 2020

The extracellular space (ECS) plays an important role in the physiology of neural circuits. Despite our detailed understanding of the cellular architecture of the mammalian retina, little is known about the organization and dynamics of the retinal ECS. We developed an optical technique based on two-photon imaging of fluorescently labeled extracellular fluid to measure the ECS volume fraction (α) in theex vivoretina of male and female mice. This method has high spatial resolution and can detect rapid changes in α evoked by osmotic challenge and neuronal activity. The measured ECS α varied dramatically in different layers of the adult mouse retina, with α equaling ∼0.050 in the ganglion cell layer, ∼0.122 in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), ∼0.025 in the inner nuclear layer (INL), ∼0.087 in the outer plexiform layer, and ∼0.026 in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). ECS α was significantly larger early in retinal development; α was 67% larger in the IPL and 100% larger in the INL in neonatal mice compared with adults. In adult retinas, light stimulation evoked rapid decreases in ECS α. Light-driven reductions in ECS α were largest in the IPL, where visual stimuli decreased α values ∼10%. These light-evoked decreases demonstrate that a physiological stimulus can lead to rapid changes in ECS α and indicate that activity-dependent regulation of extracellular space may contribute to visual processing in the retina.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe volume fraction of the extracellular space (ECS α), that portion of CNS tissue occupied by interstitial space, influences the diffusion of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft and the volume transmission of transmitters. However, ECS α has never been measured in live retina, and little is known about how ECS α varies following physiological stimulation. Here we show that ECS α values vary dramatically between different retinal layers and decrease by 10% following light stimulation. ECS α differences within the retina will influence volume transmission and light-evoked α variations may modulate synaptic transmission and visual processing in the retina. Activity-dependent ECS α variations may represent a mechanism of synaptic modulation throughout the CNS.
El impacto de especificar incorrectamente la distribución de los efectos aleatorios en las estimaciones de modelos lineales generalizados mixtos
Authors: Arango Botero Diana María , Hernández Barajas Freddy
Published: September 2020

La inferencia en modelos lineales generalizados mixtos está basada principalmente en la teoría de máxima verosimilitud, la cual asume que las estructuras tanto para la parte de los efectos fijos como de los efectos aleatorios están correctamente especificadas. Algunos autores han mostrado la sensibilidad de las estimaciones de los efectos fijos a especificaciones incorrectas de los efectos aleatorios. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar, vía simulación, el impacto de la especificación incorrecta de la distribución de los efectos aleatorios en los modelos lineales generalizados mixtos, específicamente para los casos de las distribuciones Poisson y Binomial Negativa
Una prueba de rachas para la alternativa "estocásticamente mayor que" en muestras de la distribución lognormal
Authors: Corzo Salamanca Jimmy Antonio , Vergara Morales Myrian Elena , Babativa Márquez José Giovany
Published: September 2020

Se propone una prueba de rachas para la hipótesis de simetría alrededor de una mediana desconocida con alternativa de "estocasticamente mayor que" basada en una prueba de rachas recortada para la hipótesis de simetría alrededor de una mediana conocida con alternativa de dos colas propuesta en Babativa & Corzo(2010). Por medio de un estudio de simulación se muestra que para muestras de la distribución lognormal la prueba propuesta mantiene el tamaño bajo la hipótesis de simetría y que su potencia empírica supera la de las pruebas propuestas en Cabilio & Masaro (1996), Mira (1999) y Miao et al. (2006).
Adaptive rank tests for location with generalizaed Lambda distribution scores
Authors: Corzo Salamanca Jimmy , HIdalgo Troya Arsenio
Published: September 2020

We propose adaptive rank tests for the location alternative in one sample, using as score function the percentile function of the Generalized Lambda Distribution (GLD ). We give expressions for its eciency as functions of the kurtosis parameters of the distribution used for the score function and those of the sampled distribution. A simulation study shows that the proposed tests maintain its nominal size and that this test using scores functions with small kurtosis parameter, are very ecient for samples coming from distributions with large kurtosis, overtaking the sign test and the Wilcoxon test. Reciprocally, tests which use scores from GLD  distributions with large kurtosis are more ecient when the sample comes from GLD  distributions with small kurtosis.
La innovación financiera empresarial caracterizada por los índices de gestión e indicadores convencionales
Authors: Triana Rubio Laureano
Published: September 2020

Este artículo, producto de investigación, analiza los cambios en las prácticas y en los procedimientos empresariales a partir del Manual de Oslo sobre innovación, consistente en la implementación de sistemas adecuados de información y medición. En los últimos años han surgido diferentes iniciativas de mejora en cuanto al logro de desempeño eficiente y la creación de valor; el propósito especial de esta investigación es proponer un modelo de sistema sostenible basado en índices de gestión e indicadores convencionales, como resultado del estudio adelantado en empresas con mayor impacto socioeconómico en la ciudad de Barranquilla y la región Caribe.
Traducir lo sagrado: el hebreo, una lengua espiritual.
Authors: Vergara Abril Ana Francisca
Published: September 2020

La mayoría de los cristianos leen la Biblia en traducciones que llegan a sus manos, generalmente bien elaboradas, que dan la impresión de ser casi el texto original. Sin embargo, se puede decir que estas no logran siempre ser fieles al escrito del que provienen, ya que, quien escribió primeramente tenía una intensión particular y dirigía su texto a un auditorio ubicado en unas coordenadas de tiempo y espacio concretos. El ejercicio de acercarse al contenido desde donde llega la traducción permite, al estudioso de la Biblia, comprender nuevos significados y alcanzar dimensiones espirituales que no se lograrían si se ignorasen los matices propios del texto original. La Biblia hebrea es considerada sagrada pues, sus letras, palabras y frases, contienen una carga enorme de significados que se dan gracias al juego, imperceptible en las traducciones, que forjan un texto que emana de una lengua rica en acepciones.
¿Quién te ha condenado? La mujer adúltera: justicia y misericordia
Authors: Sevillano Castillo Hernán
Published: September 2020

A lo largo de la historia la mujer ha sido discriminada por múltiples razones. En lo político, lo social y lo religioso, su papel ha sido poco relevante. El pasaje de la mujer adúltera del Evangelio de Juan (Jn 7,53-8,11), deja en evidencia el trato de Jesús con las mujeres. Es un trato exquisito hacia ellas. Revolucionario en sus palabras y acciones, Jesús devuelve a la mujer el estado de igualdad recibido por Dios en la creación (Gn 1,26). Demostrando que Dios siempre es justo y misericordioso con los débiles, y excluidos. La presencia de Jesús en el relato resulta alentadora, restaurativa y misericordiosa para la mujer aplicando el principio de “misericordia quiero y no sacrificio”.
Sobre mujeres y desplazamiento
Authors: Perdomo Olga Lucía
Published: September 2020

Este artículo expone algunos conceptos que permiten comprender el proceso de construcción identitaria de las mujeres luego de afrontar un evento de desplazamiento forzado. Para ello procurará, primero, definir este tipo de desplazamiento a través de las nociones de autores como Donny Meertens, Martha Bello y Harvey Danilo Suárez. Se retomará el concepto de relaciones de género, de la socióloga Magdalena León, pionera en este campo, quien ofrece elementos para comprender los sistemas de género, las relaciones de poder entre los sexos y la influencia de estos elementos en las representaciones sociales, en las expectativas colectivas y, por ende, en la construcción identitaria de las mujeres.
Oxytocin & well-being as promoters of affect regulation and homeostasis: a neuroscientific review
Authors: Nogueira-vale Eliana , De Almeida Nathalia Augusta , Da Costa Marcelo Fernandes
Published: September 2020

Neurohormone oxytocin release affects mood and behavior in humans, regulating emotional and physiologic aspects.  Neuroscience associates well-being to oxytocin to characterize a general positive-valenced emotional state.  However, the terms well-being and oxytocin are absent, or present in a limited way, in most indexes of psychological terminology and health science descriptors.  This study aimed at studying how this association occurs in literature, based on a systematic review on oxytocin and well-being in the last five years.  Main results: the neuroscientific context seemed to be the most adequate to the study between oxytocin and well-being; association between psychological and neuroendocrine aspects was unusual; medical templates predominated over psychological references;  oxytocin release and feelings of well-being were associated to stimuli of the affective-sensorial type, to psychiatric interventions, to familiarity; results varied according to age, gender, context and personality.
Fidedignidade Dos Escores Do Exame Nacional Do Ensino Médio (ENEM)
Authors: Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis , Golino Hudson Fernandes , Peres Alexandre José de Souza
Published: September 2020

O Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) gera uma pontuação para cada domínio que avalia: matemática, linguagens, ciências da natureza e ciências humanas. Reconhecendo a relevância do Exame no acesso ao ensino superior e em outros aspectos da vida prática do estudante brasileiro, o presente estudo investiga a fidedignidade dos escores do ENEM nos seus quatro domínios. Utilizou-se como amostra os escores dos estudantes que participaram da edição de 2011 do Exame. As análises envolveram a estimação dos parâmetros de um modelo de quatro fatores correlacionados e de um modelo bifatorial por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória, além da estimação da fidedignidade composta e da fidedignidade omega dos quatro domínios e do fator geral de desempenho, no caso do modelo bifatorial. Utilizou-se como variáveis observáveis as 30 competências de cada domínio. Os resultados indicaram alta fidedignidade apenas para os escores provenientes do fator geral.
Propriedades Psicométricas da Escala de Presença em Tecnologias Ubíquas
Authors: Schutz Fabiane , Bedin Lívia Maria , Sarriera Jorge Castellá
Published: September 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma escala de presença nas tecnologias ubíquas. O processo de desenvolvimento do instrumento teve como etapas a escolha dos atributos comportamentais referentes ao objeto de estudo e à operacionalização do construto, a apresentação a três juízes, dois grupos focais e a uma aplicação piloto em uma amostra reduzida (n = 30) e por fim, uma aplicação com a 458 participantes. Foram realizadas análises de consistência interna, análise fatorial confirmatória e análise fatorial confirmatória multigrupo. A versão final da Escala de Presença em Tecnologias Ubíquas conta com 14 itens, agrupados em três fatores independentes (Autopresença, Presença Espacial e Presença Social), e apresenta um bom índice de consistência interna (alfa = 0,905) e um índice de ajuste aceitável (c2  = 116,83; gl = 74; p < 0,01; CFI = 0,99; RMSEA = 0,035; SRMR = 0,053), com parâmetros psicométricos equivalentes por gênero.
A brincadeira como promotora da habilidade de comunicação intencional infantil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Costa Ana Cristina Ramos , Alexandrino Vanessa Porto , Albuquerque Jéssica Andrade de , Braz Aquino Fabíola de Sousa
Published: September 2020

Esse estudo apresenta de uma revisão sistemática de pesquisas que abordam a atividade de brincadeira conjunta em interações mãe-bebê como favorecedora da habilidade de comunicação intencional infantil. Essa revisão seguiu as recomendações metodológicas do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyse/ PRISMA e teve as buscas realizadas nas bases de dados Web of Science, Pubmed, Pepsic, Scielo, Indexpsi, PsycInfo e Lilacs e também na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Os descritores utilizados foram “mother”, “baby”, “communication”, “intentionality” e “play”. A análise permitiu incluir 10 artigos e uma tese de doutorado que foram publicados entre 2008 e 2018. A pesquisa permitiu identificar a necessidade de ampliar os estudos sobre o tema com pesquisas que investiguem estilos interativos de bebês com adultos em diferentes grupos sociais, contextos diversos de aprendizado, e tipos de brincadeira que podem fomentar o desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação intencional.
Sus sp. DNA Encoding cyt b Gene Detection Test on Meat Grinding Samples Using Conventional PCR
Authors: Adzakiyyi Miftahul Lathif , Susilowati Tri , Rokhim Saiku , Rachmawati Yuanita
Published: September 2020

Micro-entrepreneurs with basic ingredients of processed meat such as meatball who do not have a meat grinder, generally using meat grinder at the public market. The problem that occurs is that there is no clear regulation from the Government regarding the guarantee of the halal meat grinding in the Regional Company. This needs to be enhanced as a study, considering that the grinding material does not only come from Halal substances. The purpose of this study was to test pig DNA in meat grinding samples at PD Pasar Surya Surabaya City by using the conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. DNA was isolated from 11 PD Pasar Surya meat grinding samples, then spectrophotometry was performed. Spectrophotometry results showed that all samples have high DNA concentrations. The primer used is the cyt b pig gene encoder. Predenaturation is performed at a temperature of 95°C-5 minutes, denaturation of 95°C-45 seconds, annealing 60°C-30 seconds, extension 72°C-40 seconds, and post extension 72°C-5 minutes. The results of PCR analysis were determined by the emergence of DNA bands of ± 149 bp as markers of pig DNA. The results showed negative on sample or no pig contamination in 11 samples tested. While the pig sample as positive control showed a band of ± 149 bp. These results prove that at 11 points of the location of meat grinding there is no contamination of pig DNA.