bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Five-Year Review of Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reaction in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Oktarina Dyah Ayu Mira , Sophiati Maria , Moha Erinda Maharani Rambu , Waskito Fajar , Soebono Haryanto
Published: December 2021

Background: The prevalence of adverse drug reactions is likely to increase, and it is associated with increased usage of various drugs. Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reaction (ACDR) is the most frequent adverse drug reaction (30–45%). In Indonesia, the study on the prevalence of ACDR is still limited. Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence, clinical features, causative agents, and mortality rate of ACDR with a type-IV hypersensitivity reaction among patients attending the Department of Dermatology and Venereology in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted examining medical records undertaken for five years (2011–2015). Of 68,375 patients medicated in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, 397 patients were diagnosed as ACDR with a type-IV hypersensitivity reaction. Detailed history, including age, sex, past history, and family history of drug reaction taken by the patient, were obtained. Patch testing was done wherever feasible. Result: Of 68,375 patients, 397 patients were included in ACDR with type-IV hypersensitivity (0.58%), giving a 5% of mortality rate. The mean age of the patients was 40.42 years (±16.30; range 18 to 89 years). The female to male ratio was 1.1: 1. The Maculopapular rash was the most common ACDR manifestation (50.88%), followed by Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (13.85%), Fixed Drug Eruption (12.85%), and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (10.08%). The most common causative agents were beta-lactam (16.55%), NSAIDs (12.18%), and acetaminophen (8.62%). Conclusion:  Prescription of those drugs should be considered carefully so the incidence of ACDR can be reduced.
The Profile of Psoriasis Vulgaris Patients: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Sigit Prakoeswa Cita Rosita , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Hendaria Made Putri , Listiawan M. Yulianto , Utomo Budi , Damayanti Damayanti , Citrashanty Irmadita , Anggraeni Sylvia , Umborowati Menul Ayu , Ervianti Evy
Published: December 2021

Background: Psoriasis is a skin disease that occurs due to proliferation and differentiation disturbances of the epidermis. This chronic condition often reduces the human quality of life. There have been studies investigating psoriatic patient profiles and treatments, but few are conducted in Surabaya. Hence, those studies cannot fully represent the population demographic in Surabaya. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of psoriasis vulgaris and the sociodemographic profile of the patients in Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital. Methods: This was a Retrospective study psoriasis vulgaris patients in January 2016–December 2018. The data were collected by retrieving Electronic Medical Records (EMR) as secondary data. Result: The psoriasis vulgaris prevalence of outpatients was 0.46% and 4.59% in inpatients. Most study subjects were adults aged 18 and above (98.1%), most of the patients were obese (46.3%), the most common provoking factor was focal tooth infection (33.8%) and stress (28.8%), and none reported family history of psoriasis. Conclusion: Some results are similar to other studies conducted in Surabaya, which were the obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) being strong a factor to psoriasis development. However, the result on psoriasis family history was not in line with other studies.
The Effect of Systemic Methotrexate and Cyclosporine Combination Therapy inPsoriasis Vulgaris Patients in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Suwarsa Oki , Khairani Fatima Aulia , Isneny Syawalika Ulya , Avriyanti Erda , Dharmadji Hartati Purbo , Pangastuti Miranti , Sutedja Endang , Gunawan Hendra
Published: December 2021

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) and cyclosporine have been used as effective systemic mono-therapy for psoriasis. Several factors are considered to switch monotherapy to combination therapy because monotherapy is no longer effective and has higher side effects. Hence,clinicians have avoided systemic therapy combinations due to its toxicity. However, some studies showed that this combination therapy could be usedeffectively for psoriasis patients. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of systemic MTX and cyclosporine combination therapy in Indonesian psoriasis vulgaris patients. Methods: The retrospective study assessed the effectiveness of 3 monthsmono-therapyand combination therapy of systemic MTX and cyclosporine in psoriasisvulgaris patients from 2016–2017 in Dermatology Clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Result: Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score 90 were achieved in the group MTX (50%) and cyclosporine group (50%), while none in the combination group.However, eight patients (50%) in group MTX and cyclosporine reached the primary endpoint of PASI 50. One patient in cyclosporine group had adverse effects on kidney profiles. Nonetheless, other patients had no biochemical changes. But, there was no significant difference in the change of PASI between each group (p=0.102). Conclusion: We propose that combination therapy of MTX and cyclosporine is relatively safe and efficacious in treating Indonesian psoriasis vulgaris patients. This combination treatment isas effective as MTX or cyclosporinemono-therapy.
Optimization Of Reference Services In The Covid Pandemic At Campus Merdeka Era
Authors: - Sukartini , Puspitasari Dewi
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic that shook the world in 2020 has forced changes in human life. Humans are forced to find new formulas in their activities. During this COVID-19 pandemic, all activities must continue to be carried out with strict health protocols. During this pandemic, reference services are at the forefront of communication between libraries and users. In this pandemic era, libraries face such massive challenges, so libraries can no longer delay in optimizing reference services. The research method in this paper is literature review or literature study. Researchers will put forward theories about reference services related to the covid pandemic condition and within the framework of an independent campus. Optimization of reference services that can be carried out such Mobile references service; Distance education for users; Ask Librarians; Remote libraries; Research support; Video tutorials; New Flash; Collaboration. The optimization is provide user information in implementing the independent campus program.Keywords: Reference Service, Covid-19, Campus MerdekaABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang mengguncang dunia pada awal tahun 2020 telah memaksa perubahan hidup manusia. Manusia dipaksa menemukan formula baru dalam beraktivitas. Dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 ini, semua aktivitas harus tetap dijalankan dengan menaati aturan yang ketat. Perpustakaan harus mengikuti peraturan dalam memberikan layanan kepada pemustaka. Layanan referensi menjadi salah satu garda terdepan komunikasi antara perpustakaan dengan pemustaka. Di era pandemi ini, perpustakaan menghadapi tantangan yang sedemikian masif, maka perpustakaan tidak lagi dapat menunda dalam mengoptimalisasi layanan referensi. Metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah kajian pustaka atau studi kepustakaan. Peneliti akan mengemukakan teori-teori tentang layanan referensi dikaitkan kondisi pandemi Covid-19 serta dalam bingkai kampus merdeka. Optimalisasi layanan referensi yang dapat dilakukan antara lain Mobile references service; Pendidikan jarak jauh bagi pemustaka; Ask librarian; Remote library; Research support; Video tutorial; New Flash / glance; Kolaborasi. Optimalisasi tersebut diharapkan dapat menjembatani kurangnya informasi pemustaka dalam melaksanakan program kampus merdeka.
Origin, Early Dispersal, Domestication and Anthropogenic Diffusion of Cannabis, with Emphasis on Europe and the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Rull Valenti
Published: December 2021

Cannabis is among the oldest human domesticates and has been subjected to intensive artificial (human-mediated) selection throughout history to create a wide array of varieties and biotypes for diverse uses, including fibre, food, biofuel, medicine and drugs. This paper briefly reviews the available literature on the taxonomy, evolutionary origin and domestication of this plant, as well as its worldwide dispersal, in both its wild and cultivated forms. Emphasis is placed on Europe and especially on the Iberian Peninsula. Today, it is accepted that Cannabis is a monospecific genus with two subspecies, C. sativa subsp. sativa and C. sativa subsp. indica, originating in Europe and Asia, respectively, by allopatric differentiation after geographic isolation fostered by Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles. Palynological and phylogeographic evidence situates the Cannabis ancestor on the NE Tibetan Plateau during the mid-Oligocene. The timing and place of domestication is still a matter of debate between contrasting views that defend single or multiple Neolithic domestication centres situated in different parts of the Eurasian supercontinent, notably central/southeastern China and the Caucasus region. Recent meta-analyses have suggested that wild Cannabis may have already been spread across Europe in the Pleistocene, and its domestication could have occurred during the European Copper/Bronze ages. According to the available reviews and meta-analyses, pre-anthropic dispersal of Cannabis into the Iberian Peninsula seems to have occurred only in postglacial times, and the earlier signs of cultivation date to the Early Medieval Ages. However, the palynological and archaeological evidence used to date is insufficient for a sound assessment, and the development of thorough Iberian databases to address further meta-analysis is essential for more robust conclusions. Some clues are provided for these achievements to be fulfilled.
PEMANFAATAN MICROSOFT EXCEL BAGI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VIII.A, TENAGA PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DI SMP PLUS GUNUNG JEMBAR KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Mulyani Mula
Published: December 2021

Pemanfaatan microsoft excel bagi peserta didik kelas VIII.A, Tenaga Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikanb Di SMP Plus Gunung Jembar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar TIK bagi peserta didik serta mempermudah pekerjaan dan memperbaiki kualitas kerja bagi tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan, riset ini merupakan riset aksi kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan sepanjang 3 siklus. Objek dari riset yang dilakukan adalah Peserta Didik, Tenaga Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan. Teknik akumulasi informasi yang digunakan merupakan wawancara, yang digunakan merupakan wawancara, investigasi serta uji. Validitas data memperuntukkan triangulasi teknis serta triangulasi sumber. Hasil dari riset ini membuktikan kalau pemanfaatan microsoft excel dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar TIK bagi peserta didik, serta mempermudah pekerjaan bagi tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan.
Metode Problem Based Learning Pada Pembelajaran Ekonomi Materi Ketenagakerjaan.
Authors: Mulyani Yani
Published: December 2021

The application of the problem based learning method in a learning method is one of the goals so that students can think at a higher level. The purpose of learning economics on Employment material directs students to be able to develop ways of thinking to be more critical in getting problems and being able to find solutions to problems in learning materials. With the problem based learning method, it turns out that it can foster student activity in finding problems and students have creativity in solving existing problems.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN SISWA DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Murni Neli Fitra
Published: December 2021

Pendidik perlu memahami setiap karakter siswa dalam menerima pembelajaran dan mampu mendorong siswa supaya aktif selama proses pembelajaran agar penyampaian materi atau proses pembelajaran menjadi lancar dan sukses sehingga tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Pendidik juga perlu memahami upaya-upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk merangsang keatifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran.Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk (1) mendeskripsikan keaktifan siswa dalam belajar; (2) mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri siswa aktif; (3) mendeskripsikan upaya- upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam belajar. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Siswa aktif adalah siswa yang secara terus menerus berpartisipasi secara fisik, psikis, intelektual dan emosional, membentuk suatu proses membandingkan materi yang diterima; (2) Ciri-ciri siswa aktif adalah: a. berani mengeluarkan pendapat, kemauan serta kehendaknya dan berupaya melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran, b. Ikut serta  pada saat persiapan, pemprosesan dan kelanjutan kegiatan pembelajaran hingga menginformasikan nilai pembelajaran, c. menunjukan upaya pembelajaran yang berbeda guna mencapai keberhasilan (pembelajaran kreatif), d. belajar mencari dan menemukan sendiri ilmu pengetahuan yang di dapat. (3) Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran siswa dapat menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif, media interaktif, video pembelajaran, dan metode diskusi.
PENINGKATAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII
Authors: TA'DUNGAN KRISTINA
Published: December 2021

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The Effect of Steaming Time on the Textural Characteristics of Two Sweet Potatoes with Different Flesh Colors
Authors: Utomo Joko Susilo , Ginting Erliana
Published: December 2021

Sweet potatoes have varied physical characteristics based on their flesh colors. Two selected sweet potato (SP) with white (WF) and yellow-fleshed (YF) colors were collected from local market and analyzed their textural characteristics using a Uniaxial compression and Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) test. The study was conducted in the Food Processing Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Food Science Technology, University of Putra Malaysia. All textural attributes were collected from the samples treated with steaming for 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. The moisture content of the samples were determined before and after steaming. The results showed that the moisture content of WF was lower than YF both before and after steaming, which could be declared as a typical moisture content for each flesh color. This resulted in a greater peak deformation or firmness of the fresh tuber found in WF relative to YF.  Steaming SP for 5 min exhibited the “raw” properties tissue, whereas steaming for more than 10 min would generate the “cooked” tissue that significantly affected the textural characteristics. The hardness level decreased considerably along with the time of steaming and was similar for both flesh colors after 15-min steaming. The WF was less adhesive and less elastic; however, it had less chewiness than that of YF. This suggests that the use of WF as a raw material for mashed products would have advantages, such as easiness to mash, less tendency to stick with the cooking tools, and less elastic.
Keragaan Fisiologis dan Morfologis Dua Kultivar Kedelai Asal Subtropis dan Tropis Akibat Cekaman Kekeringan
Authors: Soleh Mochamad Arief , Manggala Ranu , Kadapi Muhamad
Published: December 2021

Strategi untuk memperbaiki sifat pertumbuhan tanaman budidaya adalah dengan melakukan penelusuran sifat tumbuh tanaman baik secara morfologi dan fisiologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan keragaan  pertumbuhan kultivar  kedelai asal subtropis yaitu Tambaguro dengan kedelai asal tropis yaitu Anjasmoro yang diberi cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian di lakukan di daerah tropis yaitu di Kelurahan Pasirwangi, Ujung Berung, Bandung menggunakan pot. Pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman kedelai kultivar Tambaguro berkisar 12 cm pada umur 2 MST (minggu setelah tanam) sampai 29 cm pada umur 6 MST, sedangkan tinggi tanaman kultivar Anjasmoro berkisar 10  cm pada 2 MST sampai 32 cm pada 6 MST. Tampilan konduktasi stomata untuk kedua kultivar menunjukkan penurunan seiring umur tanaman (2-6 MST) yaitu berkisar 1094 - 1042 mmol/m²•s untuk Tambaguro, dan 892-1319 mmol/m²•s untuk Anjasmoro. Kultivar Tambaguro memperlihatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman lebih baik dari kultivar Anjasmoro pada awal tumbuh, namun tidak pada pertumbuhan umur lanjut, sedangkan Kultivar Anjasmoro memiliki keunggulan dalam pertumbuhan tinggi pada umur lanjut. Tampilan fisiologis berupa respons konduktansi stomata dan fluoresensi klorofil kultivar Tambaguro lebih baik dari Anjasmoro disemua umur pengamatan, sedangkan dalam kodisi cekaman kekeringan, tampilan fisiologis kedua kultivar  cenderung sama menunjukkan ada potensi keunggulan genetik yang perlu dipertimbangkan, terlebih kultivar Tambaguro ini merupakan jenis kedelai berbiji besar sehingga memiliki keungulan secara ekonomis.

Kata Kunci: 
Impact of a Neck Strap Intervention on Perceived Effort, Thumb Force, and Muscle Activity of Clarinetists
Authors: Smyth Courtney , Mirka Gary A
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE: Clarinetists often report discomfort of the right wrist and thumb and note that it is likely the result of the constant force applied to the area from the instrument’s weight and the musician’s technique. One preventative measure to reduce this discomfort is the
use of a neck strap. The objective of the current study was to document the biomechanical impacts of this intervention. METHODS: Eight experienced clarinetists played a series of three etude pieces while playing both with and without a neck strap. For each condition, the force between the
right thumb and clarinet was measured, electromyographic (EMG) data were collected from seven muscle groups, and subjective assessment of perceived effort was obtained. RESULTS: The results showed that when the neck strap was used, there was a significant decrease in the average force between
the thumb and clarinet (p<0.05) and a decrease in the average perceived effort required for the right shoulder and thumb of the participants (p<0.05). Importantly, there were no statistically significant increases in the muscle activity of any of the neck and shoulder muscles with the
introduction of the neck strap intervention. CONCLUSION: A neck strap intervention had positive effects on the right thumb while not causing any known adverse effects to other areas such as the neck, upper back, and shoulders.
Psychological Wellbeing and Grit Among Freelancers in the UK Dance Industry
Authors: Aujla Imogen J , Jenkins Lindsay , King Natasha , Farrer Rachel
Published: December 2021

The UK dance industry is composed largely of freelance workers, yet freelancers are an under-researched population within the dance science literature. The aim of this study was to investigate psychological wellbeing and grit (a combination of passion and persistence) among freelancers
working in various roles in the UK dance sector. A total of 282 freelancers completed validated questionnaires tapping psychological wellbeing and grit (the 18-item Psychological Wellbeing Scale and Short Grit Scale). Analyses revealed relatively high levels of wellbeing, with participants
scoring particularly high on personal growth and purpose in life (15.73 and 14.11, respectively, out of a maximum of 18). They also had high levels of grit (3.90 ± 0.33 out of a maximum of 5). Freelancers who identified as being early career reported significantly higher levels of grit
than the mid and late career groups. Significant positive correlations were found between grit and the wellbeing domains of personal growth, purpose in life, and positive relations. Overall, the results of this study support previous qualitative research suggesting that a freelance dance career
may provide elements of psychological wellbeing, and that passion and persistence towards long-term goals could be essential in the pursuit of a freelance career.
Scalable Graphics Processing Unit–Based Multiscale Linear Solvers for Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Manea A. M. , Almani T.
Published: December 2021

In this work, the scalability of two key multiscale solvers for the pressure equation arising from incompressible flow in heterogeneous porous media, namely, the multiscale finite volume (MSFV) solver, and the restriction-smoothed basis multiscale (MsRSB) solver, are investigated on the graphics processing unit (GPU) massively parallel architecture. The robustness and scalability of both solvers are compared against their corresponding carefully optimized implementation on the shared-memory multicore architecture in a structured problem setting. Although several components in MSFV and MsRSB algorithms are directly parallelizable, their scalability on the GPU architecture depends heavily on the underlying algorithmic details and data-structure design of every step, where one needs to ensure favorable control and data flow on the GPU, while extracting enough parallel work for a massively parallel environment. In addition, the type of algorithm chosen for each step greatly influences the overall robustness of the solver. Thus, we extend the work on the parallel multiscale methods of Manea et al. (2016) to map the MSFV and MsRSB special kernels to the massively parallel GPU architecture. The scalability of our optimized parallel MSFV and MsRSB GPU implementations are demonstrated using highly heterogeneous structured 3D problems derived from the SPE10 Benchmark (Christie and Blunt 2001). Those problems range in size from millions to tens of millions of cells. For both solvers, the multicore implementations are benchmarked on a shared-memory multicore architecture consisting of two packages of Intel® Cascade Lake Xeon Gold 6246 central processing unit (CPU), whereas the GPU implementations are benchmarked on a massively parallel architecture consisting of NVIDIA Volta V100 GPUs. We compare the multicore implementations to the GPU implementations for both the setup and solution stages. Finally, we compare the parallel MsRSB scalability to the scalability of MSFV on the multicore (Manea et al. 2016) and GPU architectures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first parallel implementation and demonstration of these versatile multiscale solvers on the GPU architecture.

NOTE: This paper is also published as part of the 2021 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference Special Issue.
Climate change and deforestation drive the displacement and contraction of tropical montane cloud forests
Authors: Ramírez-Barahona Santiago , Cuervo-Robayo Ángela P. , Feeley Kenneth , Ortiz-Rodríguez Andrés , Vásquez-Aguilar Antonio , Ornelas Juan Francisco , Rodríquez-Correa Hernando
Published: December 2021

Global climate change and habitat loss are displacing tropical montane forests along mountain slopes1–4. Cloud forests are one of the most diverse and fragile of these montane ecosystems5–8, yet little is known about the historical and ongoing impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on these forests. Here we assess historical (1901–2016) changes in the altitudinal range of vascular plant species in Mesoamerican cloud forests and evaluate the relative impacts of climate change and land-use alterations. By analysing thousands of occurrence records from public biological collections, we uncovered common altitudinal shifts across species and suggest an overall contraction of cloud forests starting in the late 1970s. We infered a pervasive and interrelated impact of rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and deforestation on the distribution of cloud forest species across Mesoamerica. Over the last fifty years, cloud forests have declined due to deforestation and warmer and more (seasonally) arid climates9–11. This is pushing species’ to contract their altitudinal ranges and may lead to an increasing probability of abrupt and devastating declines of population sizes, local adaptation, and migration.
Novel Genome-wide Interactions Mediated via BOLL and EDNRA Polymorphisms in Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Hong Eun Pyo , Youn Dong Hyuk , Kim Bong Jun , Lee Jae Jun , Nam Sehyeon , Yoo Hyojong , Park Jeong Jin , Cho Yong Jun , Jeon Jin Pyeong
Published: December 2021

Association of boule (BOLL) and endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) loci with intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation has been reported via genome-wide association studies. However, the underlying genome-wide interactions have yet to be reported. We sought to identify genome-wide interactions involving BOLL and EDNRA loci for IA. Genome-wide interaction analyses of BOLL and EDNRA involving 250 IA patients and 296 controls were performed under an additive effect model. Subsequent gene expression analyses were conducted using transcripts per million (TPM). A total of 23 and 11 SNPs suggested a genome-wide threshold (p < 1.25×10−8) interacting with rs700651 (BOLL) and rs6841581 (EDNRA), respectively. The rs1105980 (PTCH1) showed the most significant interaction with rs700651 (p = 6.41×10−11). The rs74585958 (RYK) interacted strongly with rs6841581 (p = 1.64×10−9). The BOLL-interacting CXCR4 was highly overexpressed in whole blood (TPM = 419.8) and CCDC3 was overexpressed in all artery-related tissues (TPM = 315.4 to 473.9). EDNRA-interacting EIF4H showed a comprehensively elevated expression across all tissues and cells (TPM = 85.8 to 372.0). Genome-wide interaction study shows that BOLL and EDNRA may contribute to IA formation by interacting with multiple genes in cardio-metabolic pathway. Our findings may provide insight into the functional relevant to IA susceptibility.
Spatiotemporal Quantification of Metastatic Tumour Cell Growth and Distribution in Lymph Nodes by Whole-Mount Tissue 3D Imaging
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Gang , Li Jun , Xu Chun-Jie , Tian Guang-Ang , Li Qing , Li Dong-Xue , Yan Fang , Wang Xu , Jiang Shu-Heng , Wang Ya-Hui , Zhou Yao-Qi , Song Jian , Zhang Xue-Li , Xu Qing , Hu Li-Peng , Li Xiaowei
Published: December 2021

Lymph nodes (LNs) are a common site of metastasis in many solid cancers. Tumour cells can migrate to LNs for further metastatic colonization of distant organs, indicating poor prognosis and requiring different clinical interventions. The current histopathological diagnostic methods used for the detection of clinical lymph node metastasis (LNM) still have some limitations, such as incomplete observation. To obtain a complete picture of tumour-metastasized LNs at spatial and temporal scales, we used 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs (uDISCO) and 3D rapid immunostaining. MC38 cells tagged with EGFP were injected into the left footpad of C57BL/6 mice. Draining lymph nodes (DLNs) obtained from these mice were cleared using uDISCO. Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in various regions of DLNs from mice at different time points were quantified using whole-mount tissue 3D imaging. The results revealed several stages of tumour cell growth and distribution in LNs: 1) invasion of lymphatic vessels (LVs) and blood vessels (BVs); 2) dispersion outside LVs and BVs for proliferation and expansion; and 3) re-entry into BVs and efferent lymphatic vessels (ELVs) for further distant metastasis. Moreover, these data demonstrated that mouse fibroblast cells (MFCs) could not only promote the LNM of tumour cells but could also metastasize to LNs together with tumour cells, thus providing a “soil” for tumour cell colonization. In conclusion, whole-mount tissue 3D imaging and spatiotemporal analysis of LNM may together constitute an auxiliary method to improve the accuracy of clinical LNM detection in the future.
Efficacy and tolerability of Native CT-II® on modulating knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Luo Cheng , Srivast Shalini
Published: December 2021

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common type of arthritis, increasing with advancing age and external factors such as obesity. Joint health has historically relied on nutritional supplements derived from herbs and other natural products. Undenatured collagen type II demonstrated positive results with substantially lower therapeutic doses. Hence, the present study was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of Native CT-II®, an undenatured type II collagen, on the symptomatic effects in individuals having joint pain due to OA.
Methods
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel study was conducted on 101 slightly overweight volunteers, whose knee joint pain VAS score was ≥ 60 had been included in the study for at least three months. The participants were divided into three groups, with similar demographic and baseline characteristics. The test product containing Native CT-II®, positive control containing G+C, and the placebo were taken six tablets per day for 84 consecutive days (Three capsules to be taken post-breakfast and three capsules post-dinner). Improvement in overall joint health in each participant from baseline to end of the study was measured by WOMAC, self-administered questionnaire in Native CT-II® as compared to G+C and placebo group.
Results
This study demonstrated that Native CT-II® had an effective impact on the symptomatic effects of knee impairment associated with OA and in the quality of life of the participants. After 84 days, participants receiving Native CT-II® and G+C had significant improvement in overall joint health as compared to participants receiving placebo.
Conclusion
Native CT-II® was shown to be effective in relieving symptoms and improving quality of life for patients with knee joint pain associated with OA.
Trial registration:
The trial was registered with the clinical trial registry of the U.S. National Library of Medicine under National Institutes of Health (NIH) (https://clinicaltrials.gov/) with the National Clinical Trial (NCT) No: NCT04470336, Date of first registration: 14/07/2020.
Resource-constrained Time-cost-quality-energy-environment Tradeoff in Project Scheduling by Considering Blockchain Technology: A Case Study of Healthcare Project
Authors: Lotfi Reza , Kargar Bahareh , Gharehbaghi Alireza , Hazrati Hanif , Nazari Sima , Amra Mohsen
Published: December 2021

Blockchain Technology (BCT) is expanding day by day and is used in all pillars of life and projects. In this research, we survey applicable of BCT in project management for the first time. We presented a Resource-Constrained Time-Cost-Quality-Energy-Environment tradeoff problem in project scheduling by considering BCT (RCTCQEEBCT). We utilize hybrid robust stochastic programming, worst case and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) to cope with uncertainty and risks. This type of robustification and risk-averse is presented in this research. A real case study is presented in a healthcare project. We utilize GAMS-CPLEX to solve the model. Finally, we analyze finish time, conservative coefficient, the confidence level of CVaR and the number of scenarios. The most important research result is that applying BCT decreases cost, energy, and pollution and increases quality. Moreover, the total gap between RCTCQEEBCT and without BCT is approximately 2.6%. When compacting finish time happens or if the conservative coefficient increases to 100%, costs, energy, and pollution environment increase, but quality decreases. If the confidence level of CVaR increase, the cost, energy and environment function functions grow up and quality is approximately not changed.
Monosialoganglioside GM1 Deficiency Inhibits the Neurotrophic Effects of GDNF by Disrupting Lipid Raft Assembly
Authors: Jiang Shimin , Zhou Tai , Zhang Kejia , Zhou Yao , Wang Zhongcheng , Li Li
Published: December 2021

Recent studies have shown that monosialoganglioside GM1 deficiency can inhibit the signal transduction process of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its specific mechanism still needs to be explored. We inhibited the expression of GM1 by treating cells with D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP). CCK-8 assay, EdU cell proliferation assay and Western blot assay were used to evaluate the effect of GM1 deficiency on the proliferation and differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells induced by GDNF and on the GDNF-RET signaling pathway. Lipid rafts were isolated by Triton X-100 solubilization and OptiPrepTM density gradient centrifugation. The alterations of lipid raft assembly and the translocation of RET into lipid rafts were evaluated after PDMP treatment. We found that PDMP treatment inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells induced by GDNF and reduced the phosphorylation of RET and its downstream signaling molecules Erk and Akt. In addition, after PDMP treatment, caveolin-1 and flotillin-1, the prototypical markers of lipid rafts, diffused from lipid rafts to non-lipid raft microdomains, and GDNF-induced RET translocation into lipid rafts was also reduced. These alterations could be partially reversed by adding exogenous GM1. Our results suggest that ganglioside GM1 deficiency could compromise the neurotrophic effects and signals downstream of GDNF by altering the assembly of lipid raft membrane microdomains.
5’UTR Variant rs6017916 Regulates SRC Expression and Contributes to the Susceptibility to Ischemic Stroke in the Chinese Han Population
Authors: Yang Jialei , Song Xiaoxiao , Yang Yibing , Yan Yan , Liang Baoyun , Zhu Lulu , Gu Lian , Su Li
Published: December 2021

Previous studies reported that the SRC protein was involved in a variety of pathological mechanisms related to ischemic stroke (IS). In this study, we conducted a genetic association study between rs6017916 within the 5’UTR region of SRC gene and IS susceptibility. A total of 533 IS patients and 531 healthy controls were recruited to participate in the current study. The sequenom MassARRAY technology platform was used for genotyping. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was conducted to detect SRC mRNA expression. The dual luciferase reporter system was used to verify the regulation of rs6017916 on SRC mRNA expression. Results showed that SRC mRNA expression was significantly increased in IS patients than that in controls (P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis demonstrated that the signature of SRC mRNA expression differentiated between controls and IS patients with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.935 corresponding to a specificity of 0.820 and sensitivity of 0.920. Genetic association analysis showed that rs6017916 was significantly associated with IS susceptibility under multiple genetic models, including additive [OR (95% CI)=0.76 (0.60,0.96), Padj=0.019] and dominant [OR (95% CI)=0.75(0.58,0.98), Padj=0.031]. In addition, the dual luciferase reporter system showed that the minor allele C of rs6017916 inhibited luciferase activity compared with the major allele A. In summary, we report that SRC mRNA expression was significantly increased in IS patients and was a potential diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, the 5’UTR variant rs6017916 of SRC was significantly associated with IS susceptibility. And rs6017916 might affect the pathological process of IS by regulating SRC expression.
Continuation Newton methods with deflation techniques and quasi-genetic evolution for global optimization problems
Authors: Luo Xin-long , Xiao Hang
Published: December 2021

The global minimum point of an optimization problem is of interest in engineering fields and it is difficult to be solved, especially for a nonconvex large-scale optimization problem. In this article, we consider the continuation Newton method with the deflation technique and the quasi-genetic evolution for this problem. Firstly, we use the continuation Newton method with the deflation technique to find the stationary points from several determined initial points as many as possible. Then, we use those found stationary points as the initial evolutionary seeds of the quasi-genetic algorithm. After it evolves into several generations, we obtain a suboptimal point of the optimization problem. Finally, we use the continuation Newton method with this suboptimal point as the initial point to obtain the stationary point, and output the minimizer between this final stationary point and the found suboptimal point of the quasi-genetic algorithm. Finally, we compare it with the multi-start method (the built-in subroutine GlobalSearch.m of the MATLAB R2020a environment) and the differential evolution algorithm (the DE method, the subroutine de.m of the MATLAB Central File Exchange 2021), respectively. Numerical results show that the proposed method performs well for the large-scale global optimization problems, especially the problems of which are difficult to be solved by the known global optimization methods.
Cultured and Uncultured Microbial Community Associated With Biogas Production
Authors: Ottoni Júlia Ronzella , Bernal Suzan Prado Fernandes , Marteres Tiago Joelzer , Luiz Franciele Natividade , Santos Viviane Piccin dos , Mari Ângelo Gabriel , Somer Juliana Gaio , de Oliveira Valéria Maia , Passarini Michel Rodrigo Zambrano
Published: December 2021

The search for sustainable development has led countries around the world to seek the improvement of technologies that use renewable energy sources. One of the alternatives in the production of renewable energy comes from the use of waste including urban solids, animal excrement from livestock and biomass residues from agro-industrial plants. These materials may be used in the production of biogas, making its production highly sustainable and environmentally friendly, in addition to reducing public expenses for the treatment of those wastes. The present study evaluated the cultivated and uncultivated microbial community from a substrate (starter) used as an adapter for biogas production in anaerobic digestion processes. 16S rDNA metabarcoding revealed domain of bacteria belonging to the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi and Synergistota. The methanogenic group was represented by the phyla Halobacterota and Euryarchaeota. Through 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of isolates recovered from the starter culture, the genera Rhodococcus, Vagococcus, Lysinibacillus, Niallia, Priestia, Robertmurraya, Luteimonas and Proteiniclasticum were recovered, groups that were not observed in the metabarcoding data. The groups mentioned are involved in the metabolism pathways of sugars and other compounds derived from lignocellulosic material, as well as in anaerobic methane production processes. The results demonstrate that culture-dependent approaches, such as isolation and sequencing of isolates, as well as culture-independent studies, such as the Metabarcoding approach, are complementary methodologies that, when integrated, provide robust and comprehensive information about the microbial communities involved in various processes, including the production of biogas in anaerobic digestion processes.
A New Strategy for Improving the Surface Quality of Ti6Al4V Machined by Abrasive Water Jet: Reverse Cutting with Variable Standoff Distances
Authors: Xiong Jie , Wan Liang , Qian Yi'nan , Sun Shuo , Li Deng , Wu Shijing
Published: December 2021

Titanium alloys are widely used in important structures of aerospace vehicles, but the low thermal conductivity and high chemical activity make them difficult to process. As an untraditional machining technology, abrasive water jet (AWJ) has been proven to be an effective method for this kind of material. Aimed at further improving the cutting performance, reverse cutting with variable standoff distance (SOD) strategy was put forward, and experiments of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V machined by AWJ were conducted. The influence of SOD with different reverse cutting types on the kerf quality was studied to obtain the optimal SOD combinations. Ra, Sa and kerf taper were used to evaluate the quality of the machined surface. Moreover, the results of reverse cutting at the same speed and efficiency and single cutting at the constant SOD were compared and analyzed. It was found that the proposed strategy results in higher kerf quality in the aspect of surface roughness, compared to the single cutting. To be more specific, for the reverse trimming cutting, the improvements of Ra and Sa can reach up to 62.8% and 73.1% respectively under the condition of the SOD of the second cutting is 8mm. Furthermore, the kerf taper can be reduced 26.1% when the SOD of the second cutting is 2mm. With respect to the reverse deepening cutting, even the traverse speed of reverse cutting is set as twice as that of a single cutting, the kerf quality is still better. Additionally, when the SOD of the second cutting is 4mm, the improvements of Ra and Sa can reach up to 51.7% and 14.9%, respectively, and the kerf taper is reduced by 20.2%. This study provides a new method for improving the machined surface quality of hard materials, especially for Ti6Al4V.
Evaluation of: MOSSA, MOALO, MOVO and MOGWO Algorithms in Green Machining for High Production Performance in Turning of X210Cr12 Steel
Authors: NOUIOUA Mourad , LAOUISSI Aissa , BLAOUI Mohamed Mossaab , HAMMOUDI Abderzzak , YALLESE Mohamed Athmane
Published: December 2021

The current study investigates the Wet and MQL machining, when turning of X210Cr12 steel, using a multilayer-coated carbide insert (GC-4215) with various nose radius, the consideration of the tool geometry with different cooling modes allow as to assess the comportment of the machined steel against the cutting combinations. The response surface methodology (RSM) has been used for regression analysis and to evaluate the contribution of the cutting parameters on surface roughness, tangential force and cutting power using ANOVA analysis. The developed models have been used to predict the studied output factors according to the selected cutting parameters for wet and MQL machining. A comparative between the cooling techniques have been established to determine the most effective technique in terms of part quality, lubricant consumption and power consumption. Finally, four new optimization technics have been used for the process optimization using the MQL models for an environment-friendly machining.
A Novel Optimized Formulation for Cooling Tower Effluent Disinfection: Tarasht Power Plant Case Study
Authors: Sohrabi Ehsan , Sohrabi Somayeh , Iranshahi Davood , Sarmadi Majid , Moraveji Mostafa Keshavarz
Published: December 2021

Since the operating conditions of the cooling tower units provide such a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria and algae, taking measures for the disinfection process is strongly recommended. The cooling tower unit is proceeded by RO and the disinfection strategy is sodium hypochlorite, combined with this new formulation. The sampling result revealed that bacteria counts from the effluent of the cooling tower are 2600 CFU/ml while the microbial load of the water in the pond is 220 CFU/ml. Herein, two type formulations are introduced for cooling tower output stream while the pond water comes along with a NaOCl injection. The dosage of A: Glucose Oxidase, B: ammonium persulfate, and C: Amoxicillin, and D: the order of use are chosen as the four independent variables whose effects and their binary interactions on microbial load and disinfection efficiency were investigated via Box–Behnken design (BBD) combined with response surface methodology (RSM). The ANOVA results show that the most significant variable is amoxicillin in the presence of bleach. Meanwhile, high values for R2 > 0.99 and the model F-value 45.64 in addition to diagnostic tests confirmed the reliability of the model. Several solutions have been introduced as optimum formulations. The pre-scale up and economic considerations have been included.
Canonical Wnt Signaling Inhibition in Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis: Immunohistochemical Study of DKK1 and LRP5 Expression
Authors: Huang Zixiong , Du Yiqing , Yin Huaqi , Wang Gongwei , Xu Tao
Published: December 2021

Introduction & Objectives: Canonical Wnt signaling (Wnt/β-catenin signaling) maintains the bone homeostasis by promoting the osteoblastic activities. The inhibitory factor, Dickkopf (DKK)1, enhances the bone resorption, especially in malignancies. The low density lipoprotein related protein (LRP) 5 is a component of membranous co-receptor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and is also involved in serum low density lipoprotein cholestrol (LDL-C) level regulation. The clear cell renal cell carcinoma bone metastasis (ccRCC-BM) is characterized by osteolytic bone resorption. Whether and how Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays roles in regulating the invasion, metastasis and osteolytic process of ccRCC to bone remain unclear. This study investigated the expression of DKK1, LRP5 proteins in primary and metastatic lesions of RCC-BM. The therapeutic potential of Wnt/β-catenin signaling target medication was also evaluated.Materials & Methods: ccRCC-BM patients with paired samples of primary and metastatic lesions were selected. ccRCC patients without any metastasis (ccRCC-only) were set as control. Slides of paraffin-embedded tissue underwent immunohistochemical staining with monoclonalanti-DKK1 antibody and polyclonal anti-LRP5 antibody. Semi-quantitatively scoring according to staining intensity was performed. The staining results in the renal tissue adjacent to RCC, the primary RCC lesions (with BM or without BM), and the RCC-BM lesions were recorded. The expression difference was analyzed by univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The expression of DKK1 was significantly different amid renal tissue adjacent to RCC, primary RCC and RCC-BM tissues (p< 0.001). The expression of DKK1 in primary RCC was significantly lower than that in renal tissue adjacent to RCC (p<0.001). No difference was found between ccRCC-BM group and ccRCC-only group. DKK1 expression in bone metastasis was significantly higher than that in primary tumor (p < 0.001). The expression of LRP5 in the primary tumor of ccRCC-BM group was significantly lower than that of adjacent renal tissue (p<0.01). Tendency of decreasing expression was found between primary lesion of ccRCC-BM group and primary lesion of ccRCC-only group (p=0.073). In bone metastasis, the expression of LRP5 protein was not significantly different from that in adjacent renal tissue and RCC primary lesion.Conclusions: A "rebound" of DKK1 expression was found in bone metastasis lesions. Along with the decreasing LRP5 expression in primary lesions of RCC-BM patients, this suggests that the canonical Wnt signaling (Wnt/β-catenin signaling) is inhibited during the bone metastasis process in ccRCC. The overexpression of DKK1 and the down-regulation of LRP5 receptor are involved.
Linear Dose Response of Acrocentric Chromosome Associations (Aca) To Gamma Irradiation In Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Samarth Ravindra M , Gandhi Puneet , Chaudhury Nabo Kumar
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The frequency of acrocentric chromosome associations (ACA) was studied to determine the possible dose-response relation with low doses of gamma irradiation in lymphocytes. Methods: Peripheral blood collected from three healthy donors were irradiated with 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 Gy gamma radiation. Chromosomal preparations were made after 48 hrs culture as per the standard guidelines. Results: The average number of ACA and ACA % were increased significantly with an increase in a dose. The D-G and D-D type of association was most prominent and showed a dose-dependent increase. The ACA frequency in irradiated lymphocytes showed an increase concerning the dose. The fitted regression equation was y=0.4759x+0.1663 (R2=0.9635; p=0.0005). An assessment of dicentric chromosomes (DC) was carried for the same slides. The correlation curve was prepared for ACA frequencies versus DC frequencies, resulting in a regression equation as y=8.659x+0.2.37 (R2=0.8275; p=0.0119). Conclusion: Our results showed an increase in frequencies of ACA in irradiated lymphocytes with an increase in radiation dose and followed a similar linear trend with DC frequency, thus, ACA may serve as a candidate cytogenetic biomarker for radiation biodosimetry especially for low radiation doses.