bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of a motor imagery electroencephalogram-controlled robot system
Authors: Xu Baoguo , Song Aiguo , Zhao Guopu , Xu Guozheng , Pan Lizheng , Yang Renhuan , Li Huijun , Cui Jianwei
Published: March 2015

Brain–computer interface provides a new communication channel to control external device by directly translating the brain activity into commands. In this article, as the foundation of electroencephalogram-based robot-assisted upper limb rehabilitation therapy, we report on designing a brain–computer interface–based online robot control system which is made up of electroencephalogram amplifier, acquisition and experimental platform, feature extraction algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform and autoregressive model, linear discriminant analysis classifier, robot control board, and Rhino XR-1 robot. The performance of the system has been tested by 30 participants, and satisfactory results are achieved with an average error rate of 8.5%. Moreover, the advantage of the feature extraction method was further validated by the Graz data set for brain–computer interface competition 2003, and an error rate of 10.0% was obtained. This method provides a useful way for the research of brain–computer interface system and lays a foundation for brain–computer interface–based robotic upper extremity rehabilitation therapy.
Lubrication characteristics of a textured porous sliding bearing
Authors: Lee Sooyoung , Jang Duk-yong , Wang Xiao Yu , Kim Pilkee , Sun Wan , Seok Jongwon
Published: March 2015

This study investigates the lubrication characteristics of a textured bearing sliding on a porous layer. To properly implement the porous layer effect in the bearing, the Brinkman-extended-Darcy model is employed, which results in a modified Reynolds equation. This equation is then evaluated to examine the effects of the porous layer’s material and geometric properties on the lubrication characteristics through the use of (semi-)analytic and numerical approaches. The cavitation effect is reflected in the numerical treatment of the model equation, and an adaptive finite difference scheme is employed to efficiently model the bearing system with finite dimples that may be far smaller than the overall bearing dimensions. Along with the variation trends of the bearing performance with respect to the material and geometric properties of the porous layer, the pattern effects of textured surfaces on the bearing performance indices (load capacity and equivalent friction coefficient) are also thoroughly investigated. Here, the pattern comprised a set of regularly spaced identical dimples either in semi-spherical or semi-ellipsoidal shape, and the effects of size and orientation of the dimples are comprehensively explored to separately identify their influence on the bearing performance indices.
Fracture characteristics of refractory composites containing metakaolin and ceramic fibers
Authors: Holčapek Ondřej , Reiterman Pavel , Konvalinka Petr
Published: March 2015

The aim of present article is to describe influence of composition of refractory composites on its response to gradual thermal loading. Attention was focused on the impact of ceramic fibers and application of metakaolin as an aluminous cement supplementary material. Studied aluminate binder system in combination with natural basalt fine aggregates ensures sufficient resistance to high-temperature exposure. Influence of composition changes was evaluated by the results of physical and mechanical testing—compressive and flexural strength, bulk density, and fracture energy were determined on the different levels of temperature loading. Application of ceramic fibers brought expected linear increase of ductility in studied composites. Metakaolin replacement showed the optimal dose to be just about 20% of aluminous cement weight.
Numerical investigation of the acceleration performance of a thermally choked ram accelerator
Authors: Zhuang Zhihong , Sun Xiaohui , Chen Zhihua
Published: March 2015

The flow fields of the thermally choked mode of ram accelerators were studied numerically. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of the gas reaction rate, the velocity and the projectile shapes on the performances of ram accelerators. The thermally choked mode was demonstrated to occur only when the variations in the reaction rate and projectile velocity were within certain limits. The use of a boat-shaped projectile can extend this limit. The flame front can stand at both its shoulder and the base, and the thrust is the greatest at its shoulder.
Locomotion analysis of a vibration-driven system with three acceleration-controlled internal masses
Authors: Zhan Xiong , Xu Jian
Published: March 2015

The controlled motion of a rigid body in the horizontal plane is investigated in this article. Three internal and acceleration-controlled masses are used to actuate the system. Dry friction acting between the system and the plane is isotropic. The dynamics of two basic motions of the system, that is, rectilinear and rotary motions, are first studied. Then by combining these two basic types of motions, planar locomotion of the system is constructed. Two typical planar trajectories of the system, that is, oblique lines and curve lines, are proposed and both approached with folding lines. The slope of the oblique lines and the curvature of the curves can be adjusted by varying the drive parameters, and the planar locomotion is thus controlled. To achieve a maximum average velocity, the drive parameters are optimized.
Experimental study of bond-slip performance of corroded reinforced concrete under cyclic loading
Authors: Zhou Haijun , Lu Jinlong , Xv Xi , Zhou Yingwu , Xing Feng
Published: March 2015

Reinforced concrete structures exposed to marine environment often sustain high levels of chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion, which causes reinforcement corrosion and resulting in degraded performance under cyclic service loading. This article studied the dynamic bond performance between corroded reinforcing and concrete under force controlled loading. Tests were carried out to evaluate the cyclic bond-slip degradation with different reinforcement corrosion levels. A series of 30 specimens with various corrosion levels of rebar and stirrup were made. The specimen was cast as concrete cube with the dimension of 200 mm, and a steel rebar was centrally embedded with two stirrups around. The embedded steel rebar and stirrups were corroded using an electrochemical accelerated corrosion technique. The corrosion crack opening width and length were recorded after completion of artificial corrosion. Then, cyclic loading test was carried out; three different force levels of 24, 36, and 48 kN were adopted. The effects of reinforcement corrosion rate on crack opening, maximum slip, energy dissipation, and unloading stiffness were discussed in detail. It was found that both reinforcement corrosion rate and crack opening would have significant effects on cyclic bond performance. Further studies are urgently needed to quantify these effects to the cyclic bond performance.
Movement characteristic of a circuit breaker with repulsion force compensated contact system
Authors: Niu Chunping , Ding Juwen , Yang Fei , Man Jiajian , Ma Ruiguang
Published: March 2015

This article proposes a new structure of contact system to improve short-time withstand capacity of direct current circuit breaker. With this new contact system, the electrodynamic repulsion force is compensated. The principle of compensation is illustrated at the beginning. Then the electrodynamic force of the contact system is quantified by analyzing the Lorentz force in conductive loop and the Holm force between contacts. The factors and their influences on electrodynamic force are also investigated. Subsequently, based on multibody dynamics, the movement characteristic model is established. The opening and closing characteristics of breaker and the dynamic stress distribution of closing putters are investigated. The results are verified by experiments. It is indicated that this contact system can improve the short-time withstand capacity. The research could provide theoretical references to large-capacity medium-voltage air direct current circuit breaker development.
An analytical model for shape memory alloy fiber-reinforced composite thin-walled beam undergoing large deflection
Authors: Ren Yongsheng , Sun Shuangshuang
Published: March 2015

The structural model of the thin-walled laminated beams with integral shape memory alloy active fibers and accounting for geometrically nonlinear is presented in this article. The structural modeling is split into two parts: a two-dimensional analysis over the cross section and a geometrically nonlinear analysis of a beam along the beam span. The variational asymptotic method is used to formulate the force–deformation relationship equations taking into account the presence of active shape memory alloy fibers distributed along the cross section of the beam. The geometrically nonlinear governing equations are derived using variational principle and based on the von Kármán-type nonlinear strain–displacement relations. The equations are then solved using Galerkin’s method and an incremental Newton–Raphson method. The validation for the proposed model has been carried out by comparison of the present results with those available in the literature. The results show that significant extension, bending, and twisting coupled nonlinear deflections occur during the phase transformation due to shape memory alloy actuation. The effects of the volume fraction of the shape memory alloy fiber and ply angle are also addressed.
Design of permanent magnet motor actuator used in 550 kV gas-insulated switchgear disconnector
Authors: Shi Kejian , Lin Xin , Xu Jianyuan
Published: March 2015

To improve the operating characteristics of disconnector, a limited rotating angle permanent magnet motor actuator is presented in this article. The mathematical relationship between the moving contact stroke and rotation angle of motor is obtained by analyzing the dynamical coordination characteristics of motor actuator used in 550 kV gas-insulated switchgear disconnector. The electromagnetic field equation of motor, motive equation of rotor, and circuit equation of winding are solved simultaneously for acquiring dynamical characteristics of motor. The electromagnetic-mechanical coupled calculating model of motor is established by finite element method, and magnetic saturation of stator tooth is calculated and analyzed. According to the operating principle of motor, the double-closed control system which collects the motor speed and contact stroke signal during the operation of disconnector is developed. The experimental results show that the opening and closing speeds of disconnector are 1.1 and 1.2 m/s, respectively, which meet design requirements. The speed-regulating operation of disconnector is also carried out so that the switching speed of disconnector can adjust by motor actuator and control system.
Analytical model of high-voltage transmission line subjected to the downburst wind with rainfall
Authors: Zhou Chao , Liu Yibing
Published: March 2015

There have been many reports recently on unanticipated galloping and collapse accidents of tower-line systems due to downburst wind with rainfall. Although wet downburst is characterized by high-velocity wind with rainfall, very little research work is involved with galloping of high-voltage transmission line induced by the downburst wind with rainfall. Thus, this article proposes a preliminary theoretical study aiming to provide an analytical model of the high-voltage transmission line subjected to the downburst wind with rainfall to explain some phenomena observed from field measurements. Through wind or rain–wind tunnel experiments, we obtained aerodynamic characteristics of the high-voltage conductor with different yaw angles and rainfall rates. Considering the variations of several factors such as wind velocity, rainfall rate, yaw angle, and attack angle, the proposed analytical model was created by finite element method and central differences with the obtained aerodynamic coefficients of the high-voltage conductor. The theoretical results accord well with the experimental data. The analytical model enables better comprehension of the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line subjected to the downburst wind with rainfall.
Legal and Moral Justification for Homicide in Susan Glaspell’s “A Jury of Her Peers”
Authors: Tayler Marilyn R.
Published: March 2015

This article examines the legal, moral and social injustices resulting from women not having the right to serve as jurors, in the context of Susan Glaspell’s “A Jury of Her Peers.” I demonstrate how Glaspell provides a fictional window into moral justice based upon jury nullification, exercised by disempowered women, and I establish how Glaspell’s narrative helped to lay the foundation for legal recognition of women’s rights to serve as jurors, and acceptance of Battered Woman’s Syndrome as a defense. I conclude that Glaspell was an agent for change, whose work contributed to equal justice for women under law.
Discourse of resistance: Articulations of national cultural identity in media discourse on the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China
Authors: Zhang Weimin
Published: March 2015

This study examines the discourse of resistance constructed in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake coverage by Chinese state media. It tries to explore how media discourse can be constructed to facilitate crisis control in natural disaster situations. Set in a context of nationalistic culture in contemporary China, this paper dissects how state media in China frame narratives and represent meanings to construct national cultural identity in earthquake coverage. In analysing this discursive process, this research adopts the methodology of critical discourse analysis and cluster criticism; the findings indicate that the discourse of resistance deals with the disorderly information flow in a crisis by differentiating the messages, framing media stories and engaging with the broad nationalistic culture, to construct positive representations of disaster relief. Specifically, a strong sense of belonging to a national community is constructed for people trapped in uncertainty, anxiety and trauma. This study concludes that, in doing so, discourse of resistance enhances disaster relief by controlling the meaning of the crisis.
The absent ‘Others’: A comparative study of memories of displacement in Poland and Ukraine
Authors: Wylegała Anna
Published: March 2015

The article is a comparative study of memories concerning displacement and the violence which accompanied it in post-war Poland and Ukraine. On the basis of case studies of two small, local communities, I attempt to answer how the inhabitants of townships which suffered mass displacement remember those who were exiled – the Others. Analysing biographical narratives of the oldest generation of deportees, I describe strategies for dealing with difficult memories, such as the tabooing of violence and the externalisation of guilt. In order to explain the differences between narratives from the two towns, I draw upon factors known to shape biographical memory, such as the individual biographical experience, local and national cultures of memory, remembrance practices and contacts with other biographical memories.
Roles of collecting duct renin and (pro)renin receptor in hypertension: mini review
Authors: Gonzalez Alexis A. , Prieto Minolfa C.
Published: March 2015

In angiotensin (Ang)-II-dependent hypertension, collecting duct renin synthesis and secretion are stimulated despite suppression of juxtaglomerular (JG) renin. This effect is mediated by Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor independent of blood pressure. Although the regulation of JG renin is known, the mechanisms by which renin is regulated in the collecting duct are not completely understood. The presence of renin activity in the collecting duct may provide a pathway for intratubular Ang II formation since angiotensinogen substrate and angiotensin converting enzyme are present in the distal nephron. The recently named new member of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), the (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR], is able to bind renin and the inactive prorenin, thus enhancing renin activity and fully activating prorenin. We have demonstrated that renin and (P)RR are augmented in renal tissues from rats infused with Ang II and during sodium depletion, suggesting a physiological role in intrarenal RAS activation. Importantly, (P)RR activation also causes activation of intracellular pathways associated with increased cyclooxygenase 2 expression and induction of profibrotic genes. In addition, renin and (P)RR are upregulated by Ang II in collecting duct cells. Although the mechanisms involved in their regulation are still under study, they seem to be dependent on the intrarenal RAS activation. The complexities of the mechanisms of stimulation also depend on cyclooxygenase 2 and sodium depletion. Our data suggest that renin and (P)RR can interact to increase intratubular Ang II formation and the activation of profibrotic genes in renal collecting duct cells. Both pathways may have a critical role in the development of hypertension and renal disease.
Current Emotion Research in Music Psychology
Authors: Swaminathan Swathi , Schellenberg E. Glenn
Published: March 2015

Music is universal at least partly because it expresses emotion and regulates affect. Associations between music and emotion have been examined regularly by music psychologists. Here, we review recent findings in three areas: (a) the communication and perception of emotion in music, (b) the emotional consequences of music listening, and (c) predictors of music preferences.
The pathogenesis of multifocal motor neuropathy and an update on current management options
Authors: Léger Jean-Marc , Guimarães-Costa Raquel , Iancu Ferfoglia Ruxandra
Published: March 2015

Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a rare and disabling disease. Several experimental studies and clinical data are strongly suggestive of an immune-mediated pathogenesis, although underlying mechanisms in MMN seem to be very specific, mainly because of the presence of IgM anti-GM1 serum antibodies and the dramatic response to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). The origin of antiganglioside antibodies and the way in which they act at the molecular level remain unclear. Several studies have demonstrated the key role of complement activation in the underlying mechanisms of MMN, as well as in animal models of acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). Deposition of the membrane attack complex may disrupt the architecture of the nodes of Ranvier and paranodal areas, causing local disruption of nodal sodium-channel clusters. In patients with MMN, muscle weakness is the consequence of conduction blocks (CB), which leads to secondary axonal degeneration, consequently the aim of the treatment is to reverse CB at early stages of the disease. High-dose immunoglobulin is to date the only therapy which has proven efficacy in MMN patients in providing transient improvement of muscle strength, but long-term follow-up studies show a progressive motor decline. Therefore, other therapies are needed to improve the conduction nerve properties in long-term design. The reduction of complement activation and more generally the gain in paranodal stabilization could be directions for future therapeutic strategies.
Relapse profile of early breast cancer according to immunohistochemical subtypes: guidance for patient’s follow up?
Authors: Mejri Nesrine , Boussen H. , Labidi S. , Benna F. , Afrit M. , Rahal K.
Published: March 2015

Purpose:

To analyze the profile of annual recurrence rate (ARR) of patients with early breast cancer (BC) in Tunisia.

Patients and methods:

We classified 293 patients with histologically confirmed early BC relapsing after 1 year of follow up into three subgroups: hormone receptor (HR)+ ‘HR’ [estrogen receptor (ER)+ or progesterone receptor (PR)+ and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–], triple negative ‘TN’ (ER–, PR– and HER2 score 0/1 or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)/chromogenic in situ hybridization negative) and HER2 overexpression ‘HER2’ (HER2+). ARR was restricted to follow-up contribution of each specified time interval. The HR group was the reference group for comparison.

Results:

A higher proportion of patients who were up to 35 years old (18% versus 10%, p = 0.04), and patients with obesity (46% versus 26%, p = 0.045) was seen in the TN group. Median time to relapse (MTR) was shorter in TN and HER2 groups than in HR patients (20 and 29 months compared with 56 months, respectively, p < 0.001). In the HR group, the ARR was 22%, 16% and 10% at 3, 4 and 5 years respectively, becoming less than 3% at 7 years. In the TN group, 71% of patients relapsed during the first 2 years and the ARR declined rapidly to less than 1.5% after 4 years. In the HER2 group, the ARR peaked at 2 years (29%) and decreased significantly to 7% and 3% at 5 and 7 years respectively. Adjuvant trastuzumab delayed the MTR from 24 to 34 months ( p = 0.022).

Conclusion:

The relapse risk in Tunisian patients is higher in young women and patients with HER2+ and TN tumors. A long and close follow up is recommended for patients with HR and HER2. Conversely, we suggest that follow up in patients with TN could be spaced after 4 years (ARR being <1.5% after this period).
How Local and State Regulations Affect the Child Care Food Environment
Authors: Byrd-Williams Courtney E. , Camp Elizabeth J. , Mullen Patricia D. , Briley Margaret E. , Hoelscher Deanna M.
Published: March 2015

Almost one third of preschoolers spend regular time in child care centers where they can consume the majority of their daily dietary intake. The child care setting influences children’s dietary intake. Thus, it is important to examine factors, such as local and state regulations, that influence the food environment at the center. This qualitative study explored directors’ perceptions of how regulations influence the foods available at child care centers. Ten directors of centers in Travis County, Texas, completed semistructured interviews. Directors reported that changes in local health department regulations (eg, kitchen specifications) result in less healthful foods being served (eg, more prepackaged foods). Directors of centers that do not participate in the federal Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) said the state licensing regulations clarify the portion size and nutritional requirements for preschoolers, thereby improving the nutritional quality of the food served. Directors of centers participating in CACFP said they are not affected by state mandates, because the CACFP regulations are more stringent. These findings suggest that state regulations that specify and quantify nutritional standards may beneficially influence preschoolers’ diets. However, local health department regulations enacted to improve food safety may negatively influence the nutritional value of food served in centers.
A Comparison of Rehabilitation Methods After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Yi Anthony , Villacis Diego , Yalamanchili Raj , Hatch George F. Rick
Published: March 2015

Context:

Despite the significant attention directed toward optimizing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, there has been less focus on rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair surgery.

Objective:

To determine the effect of different rehabilitation protocols on clinical outcomes by comparing early versus late mobilization approaches and continuous passive mobilization (CPM) versus manual therapy after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Data Sources:

PubMed was searched for relevant articles using the keywords rotator cuff, rotator, cuff, tears, lacerations, and rehabilitation to identify articles published from January 1980 to March 2014.

Study Selection:

Inclusion criteria consisted of articles of level 1 or 2 evidence, written in the English language, and with reported outcomes for early versus late mobilization or rehabilitation with CPM versus manual therapy after primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Exclusion criteria consisted of articles of level 3, 4, or 5 evidence, non-English language, and those with significantly different demographic variables between study groups. Included studies were evaluated with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials criteria.

Study Design:

Systematic review.

Level of Evidence:

Level 2.

Data Extraction:

Level of evidence, study type, number of patients enrolled, number of patients at final follow-up, length of follow-up, age, sex, rotator cuff tear size, surgical technique, and concomitant operative procedures were extracted from included articles. Postoperative data included clinical outcome scores, visual analog score for pain, shoulder range of motion, strength, and rotator cuff retear rates.

Results:

A total of 7 studies met all criteria and were included in the final analysis. Five studies compared early and late mobilization. Two studies compared CPM and manual therapy.

Conclusion:

In general, current data do not definitively demonstrate a significant difference between postoperative rotator cuff rehabilitation protocols that stress different timing of mobilization and use of CPM.
What to do With Wake-Up Stroke
Authors: Rubin Mark N. , Barrett Kevin M.
Published: March 2015

Wake-up stroke, defined as the situation where a patient awakens with stroke symptoms that were not present prior to falling asleep, represents roughly 1 in 5 acute ischemic strokes and remains a therapeutic dilemma. Patients with wake-up stroke were excluded from most ischemic stroke treatment trials and are often not eligible for acute reperfusion therapy in clinical practice, leading to poor outcomes. Studies of neuroimaging with standard noncontrast computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and multimodal perfusion-based CT and MRI suggest wake-up stroke may occur shortly before awakening and may assist in selecting patients for acute reperfusion therapies. Pilot studies of wake-up stroke treatment based on these neuroimaging features are promising but have limited generalizability. Ongoing randomized treatment trials using neuroimaging-based patient selection may identify a subset of patients with wake-up stroke that can safely benefit from acute reperfusion therapies.
Social Identities of Clients and Therapists During the Mental Health Intake Predict Diagnostic Accuracy
Authors: Nakash Ora , Saguy Tamar
Published: March 2015

Across countries, common mental disorders are often more prevalent and/or more persistent among disadvantaged members (e.g., ethnic minorities) compared with advantaged group members. Although these disparities constitute a heavy challenge to national health organizations, there is little empirical evidence to help account for the mechanism underlying them. In this study, conducted in clinics across Israel, we investigated processes, rooted in the clinical encounter that may contribute to mental health disparities. We focused on the accuracy of diagnostic decisions, which are likely to substantially impact the client’s prognosis. Therapists’ diagnostic decisions following the initial intake with their client were compared with independent structured diagnostic interview of the client. Results revealed that therapists were twice as likely to misdiagnose mental illness when their client was a member of a disadvantaged (relative to advantaged) group. Implications for the quality of mental health services that members of disadvantaged groups receive are discussed.
Consistency Between Beliefs and Behavior Regarding Use of Substances in Recovery
Authors: Kaskutas Lee Ann , Ritter Lois A.
Published: March 2015

This article addresses the assumption that pathways to recovery from substance abuse and dependence, and the language used to define one’s relationship to substances, translate to actual beliefs and behaviors in terms of substance use. We draw on social representation theory and use data from a large web-based study ( N = 9,341) whose goal was to understand how individuals in recovery define what recovery means to them. We often hear people say that they are “in recovery,” and present findings now provide empirical evidence of the prevalent meanings of this ubiquitous expression. The belief that recovery is abstinence was broadly held in our sample, especially among those exposed to treatment and 12-step self-help groups and who define themselves as in recovery—and most (but not all) of such individuals are complete abstainers (no alcohol or drugs). In contrast, among the “self-changers” who did not attend treatment or self-help groups, the most common self-definition was used to have an alcohol or drug problem but don’t any more, half of whom believe that recovery is abstinence while half do not, and only one third are abstainers. Findings are of public health relevance, as it is estimated that among American adults alone, 10% report having had alcohol or drug problems but no longer do. In line with the central concepts of social representation theory, people’s pathways to recovery have a strong effect on how they define themselves and their behaviors and beliefs, but it is not universal.
CT and MRI Findings of Autoimmune Polymorph Bifocal Pancreatitis Mimicking Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rotzinger Roman , Bläker Hendrik , Bahra Marcus , Denecke Timm , Grieser Christian
Published: March 2015

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare type of chronic pancreatitis. It is supposed to be a pancreatic manifestation of an immune-complex modulated systemic disorder. In contrast, pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. Within the rare type of focal autoimmune pancreatitis, only few presentations with multifocal pancreatic lesions have been described. Herein we report a case of a 58-year-old patient with autoimmune pancreatitis presenting with bifocal manifestations of the pancreatic head and tail, mimicking pancreatic adenocarcinoma clinically, on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Typical imaging findings of autoimmune pancreatitis are compared with typical findings in pancreatic carcinoma. The diagnostic dilemma of differentiating between both entities is discussed. A review of the present literature regarding multifocal presence of autoimmune pancreatitis is performed.
Success of High Tibial Osteotomy in the United States Military
Authors: Waterman Brian R. , Hoffmann Jeffrey D. , Laughlin Matthew D. , Burks Robert , Pallis Mark P. , Tokish John M. , Belmont Philip J.
Published: March 2015

Background:

Historically, high tibial osteotomy (HTO) has been performed to treat isolated medial gonarthrosis with varus deformity.

Purpose:

To evaluate the occupational outcomes of HTO in a high-demand military cohort.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of active duty service members undergoing HTO for coronal plane malalignment and/or intra-articular pathology was performed using the Military Health System between 2003 and 2011. Demographic parameters and surgical variables, including rates of perioperative complications, secondary surgery, activity limitations, and medical discharge, were extracted from electronic medical records. For the current study, cumulative failure was defined as conversion to knee arthroplasty or postoperative medical discharge for persistent knee dysfunction. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify statistical associations with cumulative failure after HTO.

Results:

A total of 181 service members (202 HTOs) were identified at an average follow-up of 47.5 months (range, 24-96 months). Mean age was 35.7 years (range, 19-55 years), and the majority were men (93%) and of enlisted rank (78%). All index procedures utilized a valgus-producing, opening wedge technique. Concomitant or staged procedures were performed in 87 patients (48%), including 40 ligamentous, 48 meniscal, and 48 chondral procedures. Complications occurred in 19.3% of knees (n = 39), with unplanned reoperation in 26 knees (12.8%). Fifty-three patients (40.7%) had minor activity limitations during military duty postoperatively. Eleven knees (5.4%) underwent conversion to total knee arthroplasty. The cumulative failure rate was 28.2% (n = 51) at 2- to 8-year follow-up. Patient age younger than 30 years at the time of surgery was associated with an independently higher risk of failure, whereas sex, concomitant/staged procedures, and perioperative complications were not significantly associated with subsequent failure.

Conclusion:

At short- to midterm follow-up, nearly 72% of all service members undergoing HTO returned to military duty and were free from conversion knee arthroplasty.
Stromal cell–mediated glycolytic switch in CLL cells involves Notch-c-Myc signaling
Authors: Jitschin Regina , Braun Martina , Qorraj Mirjeta , Saul Domenica , Le Blanc Katarina , Zenz Thorsten , Mougiakakos Dimitrios
Published: March 2015

Key Points

Stromal cells promote a glycolytic switch in CLL cells in a Notch-c-Myc signaling-dependent manner. Targeting glucose metabolism or the Notch-c-Myc signaling pathway could be exploited to breach stromal cell–mediated CLL drug resistance.
Therapeutic targeting of HES1 transcriptional programs in T-ALL
Authors: Schnell Stephanie A. , Ambesi-Impiombato Alberto , Sanchez-Martin Marta , Belver Laura , Xu Luyao , Qin Yue , Kageyama Ryoichiro , Ferrando Adolfo A.
Published: March 2015

Key Points

NOTCH1 inhibits apoptosis via HES1-mediated repression of BBC3 in T-ALL. Perhexiline, a HES1 signature modulator drug, has strong antileukemic effects in vitro and in vivo.
Merozoite surface protein 1 recognition of host glycophorin A mediates malaria parasite invasion of red blood cells
Authors: Baldwin Michael R. , Li Xuerong , Hanada Toshihiko , Liu Shih-Chun , Chishti Athar H.
Published: March 2015

Key Points

The N-terminal subunit of MSP1 binds to a specific polypeptide region of GPA during merozoite invasion of human RBCs. The GPA–band 3 complex plays an essential role during malaria parasite invasion.
ICL-induced miR139-3p and miR199a-3p have opposite roles in hematopoietic cell expansion and leukemic transformation
Authors: Alemdehy Mir Farshid , Haanstra Jurgen R. , de Looper Hans W. J. , van Strien Paulina M. H. , Verhagen-Oldenampsen Judith , Caljouw Yvette , Sanders Mathijs A. , Hoogenboezem Remco , de Ru Arnoud H. , Janssen George M. C. , Smetsers Stephanie E. , Bierings Marc B. , van Veelen Peter A. , von Lindern Marieke , Touw Ivo P. , Erkeland Stefan J.
Published: March 2015

Key Points

miR-139-3p and miR-199a-3p, induced by ICL-induced damage, respectively, cause a loss and gain of hematopoietic progenitors. miR-199a-3p is an onco-microRNA (onco-miR) causing AML in a Cebpa-deficient mouse model. Target genes of miR-199a-3p include PRDX6, RUNX1, and SUZ12.
Effect of prednisone on type I interferon signature in rheumatoid arthritis: consequences for response prediction to rituximab
Authors: de Jong Tamarah D , Vosslamber Saskia , Blits Marjolein , Wolbink Gertjan , Nurmohamed Mike T , van der Laken Conny J , Jansen Gerrit , Voskuyl Alexandre E , Verweij Cornelis L
Published: March 2015

Introduction

Elevated type I interferon (IFN) response gene (IRG) expression has proven clinical relevance in predicting rituximab non-response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interference between glucocorticoids (GCs) and type I IFN signaling has been demonstrated in vitro. Since GC use and dose are highly variable among patients before rituximab treatment, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of GC use on IRG expression in relation to rituximab response prediction in RA.

Methods

In two independent cohorts of 32 and 182 biologic-free RA patients and a third cohort of 40 rituximab-starting RA patients, peripheral blood expression of selected IRGs was determined by microarray or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and an IFN-score was calculated. The baseline IFN-score was tested for its predictive value towards rituximab response in relation to GC use using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis in the rituximab cohort. Patients with a decrease in disease activity score (∆DAS28) >1.2 after 6 months of rituximab were considered responders.

Results

We consistently observed suppression of IFN-score in prednisone users (PREDN+) compared to non-users (PREDN−). In the rituximab cohort, analysis on PREDN− patients (n = 13) alone revealed improved prediction of rituximab non-response based on baseline IFN-score, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.975 compared to 0.848 in all patients (n = 40). Using a group-specific IFN-score cut-off for all patients and PREDN− patients alone, sensitivity increased from 41% to 88%, respectively, combined with 100% specificity.

Conclusions

Because of prednisone-related suppression of IFN-score, higher accuracy of rituximab response prediction was achieved in PREDN− patients. These results suggest that the IFN-score-based rituximab response prediction model could be improved upon implementation of prednisone use.
Generalized von Neumann-Jordan constant and its relationship to the fixed point property
Authors: Cui Yunan , Huang Wan , Hudzik Henryk , Kaczmarek Radosław
Published: March 2015

We introduce a new geometric constant $C_{NJ}^{(p)}(X)$

C

N
J

(
p
)

(
X
)
for a Banach space X, called a generalized von Neumann-Jordan constant. Next, it is shown that $1\leq C_{NJ}^{(p)}(X)\leq2$
1
≤

C

N
J

(
p
)

(
X
)
≤
2
for any Banach space X and that the right hand side inequality is sharp if and only if X is uniformly non-square. Moreover, a relationship between the James constant $J(X)$
J
(
X
)
and $C_{NJ}^{(p)}(X)$

C

N
J

(
p
)

(
X
)
is presented. Finally, the generalized von Neumann-Jordan constant of the Lebesgue space $L_{r}([0,1])$

L
r

(
[
0
,
1
]
)
is calculated and a relationship between $C_{NJ}^{(p)}(X)$

C

N
J

(
p
)

(
X
)
and the fixed point property is found.
The effect of sharing a mother tongue with peers: evidence from North Carolina middle schools
Authors: Ahn Thomas , Jepsen Christopher
Published: March 2015

This paper provides the first analysis of the relationship between the language mix of Limited English Proficient (LEP) peers and student achievement, using detailed panel data from 2006 to 2012. Percent LEP has a negative association with mathematics and reading test scores, more so for non-LEP students than for LEP students. The overall language mix of LEP students has little if any discernable relationship with achievement. For LEP students, having more LEP peers speak their mother tongue is positively associated with reading achievement and negatively associated with mathematics achievement.
Horizontal contraction in image domain for velocity inversion
Authors: Shen Peng , Symes William W.
Published: March 2015

A kinematically correct choice of velocity focuses subsurface offset image gathers at a zero offset. Infinitesimal warping from the current image toward its focus can be approximated by a horizontal contraction. The image residual can then be taken as the difference between the warped and the original image to account for the velocity error. Least-squares fitting of the effect of a velocity perturbation to this image-warping perturbation produces a tomographic velocity update. We evaluated a warping scheme based on the radial image derivative in the subsurface offset. We found that the corresponding gradient was free of the diffraction edge effect. We further enhanced the efficiency of the velocity update procedure via the use of a diagonal Hessian approximation. We developed a sequence of synthetic examples leading to a salt body inversion. The limitation of the method was argued and analyzed in the presence of refracting structures.
Translocation t(11;14) Is Associated With Adverse Outcome in Patients With Newly Diagnosed AL Amyloidosis When Treated With Bortezomib-Based Regimens
Authors: Bochtler Tilmann , Hegenbart Ute , Kunz Christina , Granzow Martin , Benner Axel , Seckinger Anja , Kimmich Christoph , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Ho Anthony D. , Hose Dirk , Jauch Anna , Schönland Stefan O.
Published: March 2015

Purpose

Bortezomib has become a cornerstone in the treatment of AL amyloidosis. In this study, we addressed the prognostic impact of cytogenetic aberrations for bortezomib-treated patients.

Patients and Methods

We analyzed a consecutive series of 101 patients with AL amyloidosis treated with bortezomib-dexamethasone as first-line treatment by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH). Patients were ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy, which would put them at risk for cardiac or renal failure, and thus represented a poor-risk group.

Results

Presence of t(11;14), versus its absence, was associated with inferior hematologic event-free survival (median, 3.4 v 8.8 months, respectively; P = .002), overall survival (median, 8.7 v 40.7 months, respectively; P = .05), and remission rate (≥ very good partial remission; 23% v 47%, respectively; P = .02). In multivariable Cox regression models incorporating established hematologic and clinical risk factors, t(11;14) was an independent adverse prognostic marker for hematologic event-free survival (hazard ratio, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.37 to 6.25; P = .006) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.16 to 8.33; P = .03), but not for remission (≥ very good partial remission). Markedly, the multiple myeloma high-risk iFISH aberrations t(4;14), t(14;16), del(17p), and gain of 1q21 conferred no adverse prognosis in this bortezomib-dexamethasone–treated group. After backward variable selection, the final multivariable model was validated in a consecutive series of 32 patients treated with bortezomib, dexamethasone, and cyclophosphamide.

Conclusion

iFISH results are important independent prognostic factors in AL amyloidosis. In contrast to our recently published results with melphalan and dexamethasone standard therapy, bortezomib is less beneficial to patients harboring t(11;14), whereas it effectively alleviates the poor prognosis inherent to high-risk aberrations. Given the discrepant response to different treatment modalities, iFISH may help to guide therapeutic choices in these poor-risk patients requiring rapid hematologic response.
Oncologists' Experiences With Drug Shortages
Authors: Kehl Kenneth L. , Gray Stacy W. , Kim Benjamin , Kahn Katherine L. , Haggstrom David , Roudier Maryse , Keating Nancy L.
Published: March 2015

Most oncologists encountered drug shortages in the year before our survey, but experiences with shortages varied with practice structure. Further research is needed to quantitatively assess the impact of drug shortages on patients.
Knowledge Bases, Clinical Decision Support Systems, and Rapid Learning in Oncology
Authors: Yu Peter Paul
Published: March 2015

This article describes three unique sources of health data that underlie fundamentally different types of knowledge bases which feed into clinical decision support systems.
Same-Sex Couples Matter in Cancer Care
Authors: Kamen Charles , Mustian Karen , Johnson Mallory O. , Boehmer Ulrike
Published: March 2015

The authors hope this discussion will spark interest in examining the process of coping with cancer among sexual minority individuals and same-sex couples and lead to enhanced services for this underserved and underrepresented group.
Prevalence of Off-Label Use of Oral Oncolytics at a Community Cancer Center
Authors: Kalis Joseph A. , Pence Simon J. , Mancini Robert S. , Zuckerman Dan S. , Ineck Joseph R.
Published: March 2015

The authors conclude that oral chemotherapies are more often used on-label than off-label in current practice at their community cancer center.
Patient Cost Sharing and Receipt of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents Through Medicare Part D
Authors: Davidoff Amy J. , Hendrick Franklin B. , Zeidan Amer M. , Baer Maria R. , Stuart Bruce C. , Shenolikar Rahul A. , Gore Steven D.
Published: March 2015

Improved coordination between Part B and D benefits regarding issues of home injection of medications may create incentives that improve patient access and convenience.
Guideline-Discordant Use of Imaging During Work-Up of Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer
Authors: Falchook Aaron D. , Hendrix Laura H. , Chen Ronald C.
Published: March 2015

The authors conclude that there is a high prevalence of both overuse and underuse of guideline-recommended imaging in patients with prostate cancer.
The Generalized Regenerator Location Problem
Authors: Chen Si , Ljubić Ivana , Raghavan S.
Published: March 2015

In an optical network a signal can only travel a maximum distance dmaxbefore its quality deteriorates to the point that it must be regenerated by installing regenerators at nodes of the network. As the cost of a regenerator is high, we wish to deploy as few regenerators as possible in the network, while ensuring all nodes can communicate with each other. In this paper we introduce the generalized regenerator location problem (GRLP) in which we are given a set S of nodes that corresponds to candidate locations for regenerators, and a set T of nodes that must communicate with each other. If S = T = N, we obtain the regenerator location problem (RLP), which we have studied previously and shown to be NP-complete. Our solution procedure to the RLP is based on its equivalence to the maximum leaf spanning tree problem (MLSTP). Unfortunately, this equivalence does not apply to the GRLP, nor do the procedures developed previously for the RLP. To solve the GRLP, we propose reduction procedures, two construction heuristics, and a local search procedure that we collectively refer to as a heuristic framework. We also establish a correspondence between the (node-weighted) directed Steiner forest problem and the GRLP. Using this fact, we provide several ways to derive natural and extended integer programming (IP) and mixed-integer programming (MIP) models for the GRLP and compare the strength of these models. Using the strongest model derived on the natural node selection variables we develop a branch-and-cut approach to solve the problem to optimality. The results indicate that the exact approach can easily solve instances with up to 200 nodes to optimality, whereas the heuristic framework is a high-quality approach for solving large-scale instances.
Acceptability of Home‐Based Chlamydia And Gonorrhea Testing Among a National Sample Of Sexual Minority Young Adults
Authors: McRee Annie‐Laurie , Esber Allahna , Reiter Paul L.
Published: March 2015

CONTEXT

STDs are common among older adolescents and young adults; hence, STD screening is a public health priority. Home‐based STD testing could be a strategy to improve screening rates, particularly among at‐risk populations, including sexual minority (i.e., nonheterosexual) young adults.

METHODS

Data were collected from a national sample of 971 sexual minority young adults aged 18–26 through an online survey in the fall of 2013. Logistic regression analyses identified associations between respondents’ characteristics and their willingness to use a home‐based test for chlamydia and gonorrhea.

RESULTS

A greater proportion of men than of women were willing to use a home‐based STD test (81% vs. 68%). Willingness was more likely among gay than among bisexual men, among men insured through their parents than among the uninsured and among those who had had two or more sexual partners in the past year than among those who had had fewer (adjusted odds ratios, 2.0–2.2). Among men, students were less likely than the employed to report willingness for home‐based testing (0.4). Among women, willingness was more likely among those who reported at least two partners in the past year than among those who reported fewer (1.6). Overall, respondents’ most common concerns about home‐based STD testing regarded test accuracy, their ability to do the test correctly and their preference to see a doctor for testing.

CONCLUSIONS

Home‐based STD testing may be a promising strategy for screening sexual minority young adults; understanding correlates of willingness and young adults’ concerns may help inform self‐testing programs.