bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overwintering honeybees maintained dynamic and stable intestinal bacteria
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhu Yujie , Ye Liang , Shi Tengfei , Li Lai , Cao Haiqun , Yu Linsheng
Published: November 2021

Honeybee is an important pollinator for maintaining ecological balance. However, scientist found the bizarre mass death of bees in winter. Meanwhile, some reported that the differences composed of intestinal bacteria between healthy honeybees and CCD honeybees. It is essential that explored dynamic changes to the intestinal bacteria in overwintering honeybees. We collected bee samples before overwintering, during prophase of overwintering, metaphase of overwintering, anaphase of overwintering, telophase of overwintering, and after overwintering. By using high-throughput sequencing targeting the V3−V4 regions of the 16S rDNA, the abundance of the intestinal bacteria were analyzed in overwintering honeybees. A total of 1,373,886 high-quality sequences were acquired and Proteobacteria (85.69%), Firmicutes (10.40%), Actinobacteria (3.66%), and Cyanobacteria (1.87%) were identified as major components of the intestinal bacteria. All core honeybee intestinal bacteria genera, such as Gilliamella, Bartonella, Snodgrassella, Lactobacillus, Frischella, Commensalibacter, and Bifidobacterium were detected. The abundance of Actinobacteria, Bartonella, and Bifidobacterium increased initially and then decreased in winter honeybees. There were no significant differences in the richness and evenness of the microbiota in overwintering honeybees; however, there was a statistically significant difference in the beta diversity of the intestinal bacteria after overwintering compared with that in other groups. Our results suggested that honeybees maintained their intestinal ecosystem balance, and increased the abundance of gut probiotics in response to environmental and nutrition pressures in winter.
Emotions triggered by live arthropods shed light on spider phobia
Authors: Frynta Daniel , Janovcová Markéta , Štolhoferová Iveta , Peléšková Šárka , Vobrubová Barbora , Frýdlová Petra , Skalíková Hana , Šípek Petr , Landová Eva
Published: November 2021

Spiders are mostly harmless, yet they often trigger high levels of both fear and disgust, and arachnophobia (the phobia of spiders) ranks among the most common specific animal phobias. To investigate this apparent paradox, we turned to the only close relatives of spiders that pose a real danger to humans: scorpions. We adopted a unique methodology in order to assess authentic emotions elicited by arthropods. Over 300 respondents were asked to rate live specimens of 62 arthropod species (including spiders, scorpions, cockroaches, and other insects) based on perceived fear, disgust, and beauty. We found that species’ scores on all three scales depended on the higher taxon as well as on body size. Spiders, scorpions, and other arachnids scored the highest in fear and disgust, while beetles and crabs scored the highest in beauty. Moreover, all chelicerates were perceived as one cohesive group, distinct from other arthropods, such as insects or crabs. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the fear of spiders might be triggered by a generalized fear of chelicerates, with scorpions being the original stimulus that signals danger.
Four-step eco-friendly energy efficient recycling of contaminated Nd2Fe14B sludge and coercivity enhancement by reducing oxygen content
Authors: Haider Syed Kamran , Kim Dongsoo , Kang Young Soo
Published: November 2021

Complete recycling of Nd2Fe14B sludge by chemical methods has gained significance in recent years, however, it is not easy to recycle highly contaminant sludge and obtain product with good magnetic properties. Herein we report a simple four-step process to recycle the Nd2Fe14B sludge containing ~ 10% of contaminants. Sludge was leached in H2SO4 and selectively co-precipitated in two steps. In the first co-precipitation, Al3+ and Cu2+ were removed at pH 6. Thereafter, in the second co-precipitation Fe2+ and RE3+ sulfates were converted to the Fe and RE hydroxides. By annealing at 800 °C RE and Fe hydroxides precipitates were converted to the oxides and residual carbon was oxidized to CO2. After the addition of boric acid, Fe and RE oxides were reduced and diffused to the (Nd-RE)2Fe14B by calciothermic reduction diffusion. Removal of CaO by washing with D.I. water in glove box reduced the oxygen content (~ 0.7%), improved crystallinity and enhanced the magnetic properties significantly. Coercivity increased more than three times (from 242.71 to 800.55 kA/m) and Mr value was also enhanced up to more than 20% (from 0.481 to 0.605 T). In this green process Na2SO4 and Ca(OH)2 were produced as by-product those are non-hazardous and were removed conveniently.
Occipital neural dynamics in cannabis and alcohol use: independent effects of addiction
Authors: Lew Brandon J. , Salimian Anabel , Wilson Tony W.
Published: November 2021

Alcohol and cannabis use disorder (AUD/CUD) are two of the most common addictive disorders. While studies are beginning to understand the neural changes related to acute and chronic use, few studies have examined the independent effects of AUD and CUD on neural oscillatory activity. We examined 45 adults who reported current use of both cannabis and alcohol. Participants underwent the SCID-V to determine whether they met criteria for AUD and/or CUD. Participants also completed a visual-spatial processing task while undergoing magnetoencephalography (MEG). ANCOVA with a 2 × 2 design was then used to identify the main effects of AUD and CUD on source-level oscillatory activity. Of the 45 adults, 17 met criteria for AUD, and 26 met criteria for CUD. All participants, including comparison groups, reported use of both cannabis and alcohol. Statistical analyses showed a main effect of AUD, such that participants with AUD displayed a blunted occipital alpha (8–16 Hz) response. Post-hoc testing showed this decreased alpha response was related to increased AUD symptoms, above and beyond amount of use. No effects of AUD or CUD were identified in visual theta or gamma activity. In conclusion, AUD was associated with reduced alpha responses and scaled with increasing severity, independent of CUD. These findings indicate that alpha oscillatory activity may play an integral part in networks affected by alcohol addiction.
Comparative genomic study on the complete plastomes of four officinal Ardisia species in China
Authors: Xie Chunzhu , An Wenli , Liu Shanshan , Huang Yuying , Yang Zerui , Lin Ji , Zheng Xiasheng
Published: November 2021

Ardisia Sw. (Primulaceae) is naturally distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Most of them possess edible and medicinal values and are popular in clinical and daily use in China. However, ambiguous species delineation and genetic information limit the development and utilization of this genus. In this study, the chloroplast genomes of four Ardisia species, namely A. gigantifolia Stapf, A. crenata Sims, A. villosa Roxb. and A. mamillata Hance, were sequenced, annotated, and analyzed comparatively. All the four chloroplast genomes possess a typical quadripartite structure, and each of the genomes is about 156 Kb in size. The structure and gene content of the Ardisia plastomes were conservative and showed low sequence divergence. Furthermore, we identified five mutation hotspots as candidate DNA barcodes for Ardisia, namely, trnT-psbD, ndhF-rpl32, rpl32-ccsA, ccsA-ndhD and ycf1. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole-chloroplast genomes data showed that Ardisia was sister to Tapeinosperma Hook. f. In addition, the results revealed a great topological profile of Ardisia’s with strong support values, which matches their geographical distribution patterns. Summarily, our results provide useful information for investigations on taxonomic differences, molecular identification, and phylogenetic relationships of Ardisia plants.
Clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with enterococcal liver abscess
Authors: Große K. , Ohm D. , Würstle S. , Brozat J. F. , Schmid R. M. , Trautwein C. , Stallmach A. , Bruns T. , Reuken Philipp A.
Published: November 2021

Epidemiology of bacteria isolated from pyogenic liver abscesses change, and an increase in enterococci has been reported in European hospitals. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of enterococcal PLA. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with microbiologically confirmed PLA at three German university centers. Indicators of enterococcal PLA were determined using binary logistic regression, and survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier statistics and Cox regression analysis. Enterococci were isolated in 51/133 (38%) patients with PLA. Patients with enterococcal PLA had smaller abscess diameter (4.8 vs. 6.7 cm, p = 0.03) than patients with non-enterococcal PLA, but had more frequent polymicrobial culture results. In univariate logistic regression analysis, alcohol abuse (OR 3.94, 95% CI 1.24–12.49, p = 0.02), hepatobiliary malignancies (OR 3.90, 95% CI 1.86–8.18, p < 0.001) and cirrhosis (OR 6.36, 95% CI 1.27–31.96, p = 0.02) were associated with enterococcal PLA. Patients with enterococcal PLA had a higher mortality than patients with non-enterococcal PLA (hazard ratio 2.92; 95% confidence interval 1.09–7.80; p = 0.03), which remained elevated even after excluding patients with hepatobiliary malignancies, cirrhosis, and transplant recipients in a sensitivity analysis. The increased mortality was associated with non-fecal enterococci but not in patients with Enterococcus faecalis. In this retrospective, multicenter study, enterococcal PLA was common and indicated an increased risk of mortality, underscoring the need for close clinical monitoring and appropriate treatment protocols in these patients.
The diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced 2D mammography in everyday clinical use
Authors: Neeter L. M. F. H. , Raat H. P. J. , Meens-Koreman S. D. , van Stiphout R. S. A. , Timmermans S. M. E. C. , Duvivier K. M. , Smidt M. L. , Wildberger J. E. , Nelemans P. J. , Lobbes M. B. I.
Published: November 2021

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has shown to be superior to full-field digital mammography (FFDM), but current results are dominated by studies performed on systems by one vendor. Information on diagnostic accuracy of other CEM systems is limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CEM on an alternative vendor’s system. We included all patients who underwent CEM in one hospital in 2019, except those with missing data or in whom CEM was used as response monitoring tool. Three experienced breast radiologists scored the low-energy images using the BI-RADS classification. Next, the complete CEM exams were scored similarly. Histopathological results or a minimum of one year follow-up were used as reference standard. Diagnostic performance and AUC were calculated and compared between low-energy images and the complete CEM examination, for all readers independently as well as combined. Breast cancer was diagnosed in 23.0% of the patients (35/152). Compared to low-energy images, overall CEM sensitivity increased from 74.3 to 87.6% (p < 0.0001), specificity from 87.8 to 94.6% (p = 0.0146). AUC increased from 0.872 to 0.957 (p = 0.0001). Performing CEM on the system tested, showed that, similar to earlier studies mainly performed on another vendor’s systems, both sensitivity and specificity improved when compared to FFDM.
Methylation profiling reveals novel molecular classes of rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Clay Michael R. , Patel Anand , Tran Quynh , Hedges Dale J. , Chang Ti-Cheng , Stewart Elizabeth , Charville Greg , Cline Cynthia , Dyer Michael A. , Orr Brent A.
Published: November 2021

Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) represent a family of aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that present in both children and adults. Pathologic risk stratification for RMS has been based on histologic subtype, with poor outcomes observed in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) and the adult-type pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS) compared to embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). Genomic sequencing studies have expanded the spectrum of RMS, with several new molecularly defined entities, including fusion-driven spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (SC/SRMS) and MYOD1-mutant SC/SRMS. Comprehensive genomic analysis has previously defined the mutational and copy number spectrum for the more common ERMS and ARMS and revealed corresponding methylation signatures. Comparatively, less is known about epigenetic correlates for the rare SC/SRMS or PRMS histologic subtypes. Herein, we present exome and RNA sequencing, copy number analysis, and methylation profiling of the largest cohort of molecularly characterized RMS samples to date. In addition to ARMS and ERMS, we identify two novel methylation subtypes, one having SC/SRMS histology and defined by MYOD1 p. L122R mutations and the other matching adult-type PRMS. Selected tumors from adolescent patients grouped with the PRMS methylation class, expanding the age range of these rare tumors. Limited follow-up data suggest that pediatric tumors with MYOD1-mutations are associated with an aggressive clinical course.
Comparative proteomic analysis provides new insights into regulation of microspore embryogenesis induction in winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.) after 5-azacytidine treatment
Authors: Krzewska Monika , Dubas Ewa , Gołębiowska Gabriela , Nowicka Anna , Janas Agnieszka , Zieliński Kamil , Surówka Ewa , Kopeć Przemysław , Mielczarek Przemysław , Żur Iwona
Published: November 2021

Effective microspore embryogenesis (ME) requires substantial modifications in gene expression pattern, followed by changes in the cell proteome and its metabolism. Recent studies have awakened also interest in the role of epigenetic factors in microspore de-differentiation and reprogramming. Therefore, demethylating agent (2.5–10 μM 5-azacytidine, AC) together with low temperature (3 weeks at 4 °C) were used as ME-inducing tiller treatment in two doubled haploid (DH) lines of triticale and its effect was analyzed in respect of anther protein profiles, expression of selected genes (TAPETUM DETERMINANT1 (TaTPD1-like), SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 2 (SERK2) and GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE (GSTF2)) and ME efficiency. Tiller treatment with 5.0 µM AC was the most effective in ME induction; it was associated with (1) suppression of intensive anabolic processes-mainly photosynthesis and light-dependent reactions, (2) transition to effective catabolism and mobilization of carbohydrate reserve to meet the high energy demand of cells during microspore reprograming and (3) effective defense against stress-inducing treatment, i.e. protection of proper folding during protein biosynthesis and effective degradation of dysfunctional or damaged proteins. Additionally, 5.0 µM AC enhanced the expression of all genes previously identified as being associated with embryogenic potential of microspores (TaTPD1-like, SERK and GSTF2).
Topoisomerase II alpha inhibition can overcome taxane-resistant prostate cancer through DNA repair pathways
Authors: Hongo Hiroshi , Kosaka Takeo , Suzuki Yoko , Mikami Shuji , Fukada Junichi , Oya Mototsugu
Published: November 2021

Cabazitaxel (CBZ) is approved for the treatment of docetaxel-resistant castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, its efficacy against CRPC is limited, and there are no effective treatments for CBZ-resistant CRPC. This study explored the optimal treatment for CRPC in the post-cabazitaxel setting. PC3 (CBZ-sensitive) and PC3CR cells (CBZ-resistant) were used in this study. We performed in silico drug screening for candidate drugs that could reprogram the gene expression signature of PC3CR cells. The in vivo effect of the drug combination was tested in xenograft mice models. We identified etoposide (VP16) as a promising treatment candidate for CBZ-resistant CRPC. The WST assay revealed that VP16 had a significant antitumor effect on PC3CR cells. PC3CR cells exhibited significantly higher topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) expression than PC3 cells. Higher TOP2A expression was a poor prognostic factor in The Cancer Genome Atlas prostate cancer cohort. In the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center dataset, docetaxel-exposed tissues and metastatic tumors had higher TOP2A expression. In addition, VP16 significantly inhibited the growth of tumors generated from both cell lines. Based on these findings, VP16-based chemotherapy may be an optimal treatment for CPRC in the post-CBZ setting.
A low-cost open-source 5-choice operant box system optimized for electrophysiology and optophysiology in mice
Authors: Kapanaiah Sampath K. T. , van der Veen Bastiaan , Strahnen Daniel , Akam Thomas , Kätzel Dennis
Published: November 2021

Operant boxes enable the application of complex behavioural paradigms to support circuit neuroscience and drug discovery research. However, commercial operant box systems are expensive and often not optimised for combining behaviour with neurophysiology. Here we introduce a fully open-source Python-based operant-box system in a 5-choice design (pyOS-5) that enables assessment of multiple cognitive and affective functions. It is optimized for fast turn-over between animals, and for testing of tethered mice for simultaneous physiological recordings or optogenetic manipulation. For reward delivery, we developed peristaltic and syringe pumps based on a stepper motor and 3D-printed parts. Tasks are specified using a Python-based syntax implemented on custom-designed printed circuit boards that are commercially available at low cost. We developed an open-source graphical user interface (GUI) and task definition scripts to conduct assays assessing operant learning, attention, impulsivity, working memory, or cognitive flexibility, alleviating the need for programming skills of the end user. All behavioural events are recorded with millisecond resolution, and TTL-outputs and -inputs allow straightforward integration with physiological recordings and closed-loop manipulations. This combination of features realizes a cost-effective, nose-poke-based operant box system that allows reliable circuit-neuroscience experiments investigating correlates of cognition and emotion in large cohorts of subjects.
Apelin expression deficiency in mice contributes to vascular stiffening by extracellular matrix remodeling of the aortic wall
Authors: Romier Beatrice , Dray Cédric , Vanalderwiert Laetitia , Wahart Amandine , Hocine Thinhinane , Dortignac Alizée , Garbar Christian , Garbar Corinne , Boulagnon Camille , Bouland Nicole , Maurice Pascal , Bennasroune Amar , Sartelet Hervé , Martiny Laurent , Duca Laurent , Valet Philippe , Blaise Sébastien
Published: November 2021

Numerous recent studies have shown that in the continuum of cardiovascular diseases, the measurement of arterial stiffness has powerful predictive value in cardiovascular risk and mortality and that this value is independent of other conventional risk factors, such as age, cholesterol levels, diabetes, smoking, or average blood pressure. Vascular stiffening is often the main cause of arterial hypertension (AHT), which is common in the presence of obesity. However, the mechanisms leading to vascular stiffening, as well as preventive factors, remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the consequences of apelin deficiency on the vascular stiffening and wall remodeling of aorta in mice. This factor freed by visceral adipose tissue, is known for its homeostasic role in lipid and vascular metabolisms, or again in inflammation. We compared the level of metabolic markers, inflammation of white adipose tissue (WAT), and aortic wall remodeling from functional and structural approaches in apelin-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice. Apelin-deficient mice were generated by knockout of the apelin gene (APL-KO). From 8 mice by groups, aortic stiffness was analyzed by pulse wave velocity measurements and by characterizations of collagen and elastic fibers. Mann–Whitney statistical test determined the significant data (p < 5%) between groups. The APL-KO mice developed inflammation, which was associated with significant remodeling of visceral WAT, such as neutrophil elastase and cathepsin S expressions. In vitro, cathepsin S activity was detected in conditioned medium prepared from adipose tissue of the APL-KO mice, and cathepsin S activity induced high fragmentations of elastic fiber of wild-type aorta, suggesting that the WAT secretome could play a major role in vascular stiffening. In vivo, remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as collagen accumulation and elastolysis, was observed in the aortic walls of the APL-KO mice, with the latter associated with high cathepsin S activity. In addition, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and AHT were increased in the APL-KO mice. The latter could explain aortic wall remodeling in the APL-KO mice. The absence of apelin expression, particularly in WAT, modified the adipocyte secretome and facilitated remodeling of the ECM of the aortic wall. Thus, elastolysis of elastic fibers and collagen accumulation contributed to vascular stiffening and AHT. Therefore, apelin expression could be a major element to preserve vascular homeostasis.
Biomimetic -mineralized multifunctional nanoflowers for anodic-stripping voltammetric immunoassay of rehabilitation-related proteins
Authors: Cai Fan , Tang Dianping , Wang Jun , Lin Yao
Published: November 2021

An anodic-stripping voltammetric immunosensing system was innovatively designed for quantitative screening of C-reactive protein using biomimetic-mineralized bifunctional antibody-Cu3(PO4)2 nanoflowers as the molecular tags.
An advanced BiPO4/super P anode material for high-performance potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Hu Junxian , Li Hongzhong , Zheng Jingqiang , Lai Yanqing , Zhang Zhian
Published: November 2021

This work fabricated BiPO4/SP for the first time via a facile solvothermal approach and investigated it as a novel anode for PIBs.
Quest: structure and properties of BTF–nitrobenzene cocrystals with different ratios of components
Authors: Baraboshkin Nikita M. , Zelenov Victor P. , Minyaev Mikhail E. , Pivina Tatyana S.
Published: November 2021

Using the methods of quantum chemistry and AAP, the structure of BTF cocrystals with nitrobenzene, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-dinitrobenzene, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, and hexanitrobenzene with different ratios of components (1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 2 : 1, 3 : 1) is modeled.
Iterative reverse Monte Carlo and molecular statics for improved atomic structure modeling: a case study of zinc oxide grown by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Gettler Ryan C. , Koenig Henry D. , Young Matthias J.
Published: November 2021

Periodically inserting energetic relaxations into Reverse Monte Carlo fits improves the accuracy of model structures with minimal additional computational cost.
Nickel(ii) monobenzoporphyrins and chlorins: synthesis, electrochemistry and anion sensing properties
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Chaudhri Nivedita , Osterloh W. Ryan , Kadish Karl M. , Sankar Muniappan
Published: November 2021

New NiIImonobenzoporphyrins and chlorins were synthesized. One compound was used as a chemodosimeter for naked-eye detection of cyanide in nonaqueous media giving a new π-extended porphyrin product with NIR absorptions and a 1.47 V HOMO–LUMO gap.
Surface-water/groundwater boundaries affect seasonal PFAS concentrations and PFAA precursor transformations
Authors: Tokranov Andrea K. , LeBlanc Denis R. , Pickard Heidi M. , Ruyle Bridger J. , Barber Larry B. , Hull Robert B. , Sunderland Elsie M. , Vecitis Chad D.
Published: November 2021

Aqueous PFAS concentrations fluctuate seasonally and precursor concentrations rapidly decline within the surface-water/groundwater boundary, indicating that transport through this boundary can affect spatial and temporal PFAS composition.
Vitrimer enhanced carbazole-based organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials
Authors: Xu Tianqi , Wu Peng , Lou Lingyun , Li Yuzhan , Wang Dong , Cao Hui , He Wanli , Yang Zhou
Published: November 2021

A new strategy for obtaining RTP materials by adding potential phosphorescent molecules to a reprocessable epoxy cross-linked network.
Studies of simultaneous electrochemical sensing of Hg2+and Cd2+ions and catalytic reduction properties of 4-nitrophenol by CuO, Au, and CuO@Au composite nanoparticles synthesised using a graft copolymer as a bio-template
Authors: Saren Rakesh Kumar , Banerjee Shankha , Mondal Barun , Senapati Sanjib , Tripathy Tridib
Published: November 2021

Simultaneous electrochemical detection of Hg2+and Cd2+ions and catalytic reduction of 4NP to 4AP using a novel synthesized graft copolymer/CuO@Au NPs composite.
Manufacturing of polytetrafluoroethylene fine fibers by waterjet impacting
Authors: Xu Yukang , Wang Lei , Tian Guangliang , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Ping , Pan Zhijuan , Jin Xiangyu
Published: November 2021

The waterjet impacting technology was introduced to split PTFE split-film fibers again to manufacture fine fibers for applications in the air purification field.
Investigation on the upconversion luminescence and ratiometric thermal sensing of SrWO4:Yb3+/RE3+ (RE = Ho/Er) phosphors
Authors: Liu Hang , Jian Xiukai , Liu Mingtai , Wang Kailin , Bai Guangyao , Zhang Yuhong
Published: November 2021

SrWO4 phosphors doped with Ho3+(Er3+)/Yb3+ are successfully prepared by a high temperature solid-state reaction method.
N–C bond formation between two anilines coordinated to a ruthenium center in cis-form affording a 3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diimine moiety
Authors: Tomioka Nozomi , Nanbu Shinkoh , Misawa-Suzuki Tomoyo , Nagao Hirotaka
Published: November 2021

Four-electron oxidation of two anilines coordinated to a ruthenium(ii) center in a cis-form affords N1-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diimine through an N–C bond formation with N–H and C–H bond activation.
Theoretical prediction of structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of Janus GeSnX2 (X = S, Se, Te) single-layers
Authors: Pham Khang D.
Published: November 2021

The breaking of the vertical mirror symmetry in two-dimensional Janus structures has given rise to many outstanding features that do not exist in the original materials.
A high-capacity hexaazatrinaphthylene anode for aqueous organic hybrid flow batteries
Authors: Liu Zirui , Wang Zheng , Shi Yanjun , Shen Yong-Miao , Wang Wenchang , Chen Zhidong , Xu Juan , Cao Jianyu
Published: November 2021

A redox-active fused phenazine derivative molecule, hexaazatrinaphthylene, is explored to assemble aqueous organic hybrid flow batteries with high capacity and excellent cycle stability.
An in situ generated polymer electrolyte via anionic ring-opening polymerization for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Meisner Quinton J. , Jiang Sisi , Cao Pengfei , Glossmann Tobias , Hintennach Andreas , Zhang Zhengcheng
Published: November 2021

Solid polymer electrolytes were synthesized for Li–S battery via in situ anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP) of an episulfide monomer initiated by the nucleophilic lithium sulfides/polysulfides which are generated during the initial discharge cycle.
Lenvatinib and Cu2−xS nanocrystals co-encapsulated in poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) for synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy against advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Qi , Li Qiuting , Yang Zhe , Huang Piao , Hu Han , Mo Zhimin , Qin Zizhen , Xu Zushun , Chen Tianyou , Yang Shengli
Published: November 2021

Lenvatinib (LT) and copper sulfide nanocrystals (Cu2−xS NCs) were co-encapsulated in poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). Both in vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated that Cu2−xS NCs enhanced the anticancer efficacy of LT, without recurrence.
Synergic influences of network topologies and associative interactions on the microstructures and bulk performances of hydrogels
Authors: Tong Qing Bo , Du Cong , Wei Zhou , Du Miao , Wu Zi Liang , Zheng Qiang
Published: November 2021

We develop hydrogels with constant composition yet different network topologies, which result in hydrogen-bond associations of different strengths and densities, as well as distinct microstructures and properties of the gels.
Multipath exciton harvesting in diazine-based luminescent materials and their applications for organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yu Ling , Yang Chuluo
Published: November 2021

This progress report reviews the advances of diazine-based TADF luminophores for OLEDs, focusing on the structure–property relationship.
MiR-34a-3p suppresses pulmonary vascular proliferation in acute pulmonary embolism rat by targeting DUSP1
Authors: Li Yang , Shao Jinyan , Song Jianfeng , Yu Shuili , Wang Jiqin , Sun Keyu
Published: November 2021

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a prevalent reason of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have underscored the positive effects of microRNAs (miRNAs) on many diseases. The present study aimed to identify the critical miRNA with differential expressions and explore its role in APE.

Methods: The critical miRNA with its target gene was screened by bioinformatics analysis. Their binding relationship was analyzed by TargetScan, Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. A rat model of APE was established by self-blood coagulum. Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were exposed to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) for excessive proliferation, and transfected with miR-34a-3p mimic. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) of rat was measured, and the pulmonary tissues were used for the pathological observation by Hematoxylin–Eosin (H&E) staining. Cell viability and proliferation were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and EdU assays. The expressions of miR-34a-3p with its target genes (including dual-specificity phosphatase-1 (DUSP1)), neuron-derived orphan receptor-1 (NOR-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or/and Western blot.

Results: MiR-34a-3p expression was down-regulated in APE patients, which attenuated the increment of mPAP and thickening of the pulmonary arterial walls in APE rats, accompanied with regulation of NOR-1 and PCNA levels. MiR-34a-3p suppressed DUSP1 expression by directly binding to its 3′-untranslated region (UTR), and attenuated cell viability, proliferation, and the expressions of NOR-1 and PCNA in PDGF-BB-induced PASMCs by inhibiting DUSP1 expression.

Conclusion: Up-regulated miR-34a-3p negatively regulates DUSP1 expression to inhibit PASMC proliferation, which, thus, may act on APE treatment by negatively regulating pulmonary vascular proliferation.
Sentence Repetition as a Clinical Marker of Developmental Language Disorder: Evidence From Arabic
Authors: Taha Juhayna , Stojanovik Vesna , Pagnamenta Emma
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

Research on the typical and impaired grammatical acquisition of Arabic is limited. This study systematically examined the morphosyntactic abilities of Arabic-speaking children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD) using a novel sentence repetition task. The usefulness of the task as an indicator of DLD in Arabic was determined.

Method:

A LITMUS (Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings) sentence repetition task was developed in Palestinian Arabic (LITMUS-SR-PA-72) and administered to 30 children with DLD (
M
= 61.50 months,
SD
= 11.27) and 60 age-matched typically developing (TD) children (
M
= 63.85 months,
SD
= 10.16). The task targeted grammatical structures known to be problematic for Arabic-speaking children with DLD (language specific) and children with DLD across languages (language independent). Responses were scored using binary, error, and structural scoring methods.

Results:

Children with DLD scored below TD children on the LITMUS-SR-PA-72, in general, and in the repetition of language-specific and language-independent structures. The frequency of morphosyntactic errors was higher in the DLD group relative to the TD group. Despite the large similarity of the type of morphosyntactic errors between the two groups, some atypical errors were exclusively produced by the DLD group. The three scoring methods showed good diagnostic power in the discrimination between children with DLD and children without DLD.

Conclusions:

Sentence repetition was an area of difficulty for Palestinian Arabic–speaking children with DLD. The DLD group demonstrated difficulties with language-specific and language-independent structures, particularly complex sentences with noncanonical word order. Most grammatical errors made by the DLD group resembled those of the TD group and were mostly omissions or substitutions of grammatical affixes or omissions of function words. SR appears to hold promise as a good indicator for the presence or absence of DLD in Arabic. Further validation of these findings using population-based studies is warranted.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16968043
Catalog of X-ray-selected extended galaxy clusters from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RXGCC)
Authors: Xu Weiwei , Ramos-Ceja Miriam E. , Pacaud Florian , Reiprich Thomas H. , Erben Thomas
Published: November 2021

Context.There is a known tension between cosmological parameter constraints obtained from the primary cosmic microwave background and those drawn from galaxy cluster samples. One possible explanation for this discrepancy may be that the incomplete character of detected clusters is higher than estimated and, as a result, certain types of groups or galaxy clusters have been overlooked in the past.

Aims.We aim to search for galaxy groups and clusters with particularly extended surface brightness distributions by creating a new X-ray-selected catalog of extended galaxy clusters from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS), based on a dedicated source detection and characterization algorithm that is optimized for extended sources.

Methods.Our state-of-the-art algorithm includes multi-resolution filtering, source detection, and characterization. On the basis of extensive simulations, we investigated the detection efficiency and sample purity. We used previous cluster catalogs in X-ray and other bands, as well as spectroscopic and photometric redshifts of galaxies to identify clusters.

Results.We report a catalog of galaxy clusters at high galactic latitude based on the ROSAT All-sky Survey, known as the RASS-based extended X-ray Galaxy Cluster Catalog, which includes 944 groups and clusters. Of this number, 641 clusters have been previously identified based on intra-cluster medium (ICM) emission (Bronze), 154 known optical and infrared clusters are detected as X-ray clusters for the first time (Silver) and 149 are identified as clusters for the first time (Gold). Based on 200 simulations, the contamination ratio of the detections that were identified as clusters by ICM emission and the detections that were identified as optical and infrared clusters in previous work is 0.008 and 0.100, respectively. Compared with the Bronze sample, the Gold+Silver sample is less luminous, less massive, and exhibits a flatter surface brightness profile. Specifically, the median flux in [0.1−2.4] keV band for Gold+Silver and Bronze sample is 2.496 × 10−12erg s−1cm−2and 4.955 × 10−12erg s−1cm−2, respectively. The median value ofβ(the slope of cluster surface brightness profile) is 0.76 and 0.83 for the Gold+Silver and Bronze sample, respectively.
Impact of structural uncertainties on the buckling strength of cylindrical GLARE panels subjected to uniform compression
Authors: Kalfountzos Costas , Bikakis George , Theotokoglou Efstathios
Published: November 2021

The objective of this article is the investigation of the elastic buckling strength of cylindrical simply supported GLARE (GLAss REinforced) panels subjected to axial compression using probabilistic analysis methods, so that the effect of uncertainties associated with material properties and dimensions of the panels on their elastic buckling load can be evaluated. The mechanical properties of aluminum along with the dimensions of aluminum and unidirectional (UD) glass-epoxy layers are considered to be random input variables whereas the critical buckling load is defined as a random output parameter. The employed eigenvalue buckling analysis and the probabilistic finite element analysis were carried out with ANSYS software. The Probabilistic Design System (PDS), along with the Monte Carlo Simulation and the Latin Hypercube Sampling method were used for the calculations. It is found that the thickness of aluminum layers has the strongest effect on the buckling strength, among the considered random input variables. It is also demonstrated that there is a considerable probability for the buckling load of GLARE panels to be overestimated when a deterministic analysis is conducted.
Experimental investigation on flexural properties of FDM-processed PET-G specimen using response surface methodology
Authors: Fountas Nikolaos A. , Papantoniou Ioannis , Kechagias John D. , Manolakos Dimitrios E. , Vaxevanidis Nikolaos M.
Published: November 2021

The properties of fused deposition modeling (FDM) products exhibit strong dependence on process parameters which may be improved by setting suitable levels for parameters related to FDM. Anisotropic and brittle nature of 3D-printed components makes it essential to investigate the effect of FDM control parameters to different performance metrics related to resistance for improving strength of functional parts. In this work the flexural strength of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) is examined under by altering the levels of different 3D-printing parameters such as layer height, infill density, deposition angle, printing speed and printing temperature. A response surface experiment was established having 27 experimental runs to obtain the results for flexural strength (MPa) and to further investigate the effect of each control parameter on the response by studying the results using statistical analysis. The experiments were conducted as per the ASTM D790 standard. The regression model generated for flexural strength adequately explains the variation of FDM control parameters on flexural strength and thus, it can be implemented to find optimal parameter settings with the use of either an intelligent algorithm, or neural network.
Bioinspired cementitious-polymer composite for increased energy absorption
Authors: Painter T. Trevor , Schwab Emily , MacCrate Nicole , Brand Alexander S. , Jacques Eric
Published: November 2021

Preliminary results are presented on the energy absorbing characteristics of a cementitious-polymer architecture bioinspired by the organic-inorganic composite structure of nacre. The proposed bioinspired architecture consists of an open cell, platelet-shaped 3D-printed thermoplastic lattice filled with high performance cementitious paste. The hypothesis is that, similar to nacre, the platelet arrangement and differences in mechanical properties of the thermoplastic lattice and cementitious platelets would result in increased energy absorption. Initial laboratory scale investigations were performed using notched beam samples subjected to static three-point bending. Stereo-digital image correlation was used to track global strain displacement field and Hillerborg’s method was used to estimate the total fracture energy. The results indicate that this “brick-and-mortar” hierarchy can increase the energy absorbing capacity of the composite by upwards of 2490% compared with the benchmark cementitious specimen. The load-deformation behaviour and total fracture energy of the bioinspired composite were found to be influenced by the platelet arrangement and size and the lattice thickness.
Discussion of hardening effects on phase field models for fracture
Authors: Tsakmakis Aris , Vormwald Michael
Published: November 2021

Phase field models have been successfully applied in recent years to a variety of fracture mechanics problems, such as quasi-brittle materials, dynamic fracture mechanics, fatigue cracks in brittle materials, as well as ductile materials. The basic idea of the method is to introduce an additional term in the energy functional describing the state of material bodies. A new state variable is included in this term, the so-called phase field, and enables to determine the surface energy of the crack. This approach allows to model phenomena such as crack initiation, crack branching and buckling of cracks, as well as the modelling of the crack front in three-dimensional geometries, without further assumptions. There is yet no systematic investigation of the influence of strain hardening on crack development within the phase field method. Thus, the aim of the paper is to provide an analysis of the effect of kinematic and isotropic hardening on the evolution of the phase field variable.
Fatigue behaviour of Plasma Sprayed Titania and Chromia Coatings
Authors: Koutsomichalis Angelos , Lontos Antonios , Loukas George , Vardavoulias Michalis , Vaxevanidis Nikolaos
Published: November 2021

Cr2O3 and TiO2 powders were deposited by atmospheric plasma spray (APS) on steel substrates. Microstructural analysis of the coatings showed typical lamellar structure with good coating quality. Fatigue strength was studied by using cyclic testing (measuring with an inhouse-built apparatus the strength of the coated systems under a wide range of impact cycles) and static loading tests (Vickers tests standards with 600N and 1500N) measuring the adhesion properties of the coatings. In low cycles (1x103) Titania coatings exhibited better strength, while at intermediate (4.5x105) and high (1x106) number of impact cycles, both Chromia and Titania coatings exhibited quite similar strength characteristics. At low impact force the thickness of the coatings plays critical role with better performance obtained by Chromia coatings. During static loading both coatings exhibited similar characteristics at the crater diameter but with larger crater depth for Titania. Chromia coatings exhibited higher strength resistance than Titania coatings with better mechanical properties and coating structure.
Mechanical behavior of steel reinforcement before and after flame spray coating in marine environment
Authors: Basdeki Maria , Koulouris Konstantinos , Apostolopoulos Charis
Published: November 2021

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is a major concern for durability of Reinforced Concrete (RC) infrastructure. In particular, corrosion of reinforcement raises important issues for reinforced concrete design and assessment, since it can impair not only the appearance of the structure, affecting the cross sectional area of reinforcement with the subsequent degradation of strength and ductility properties of steel and, ultimately, structural integrity of each structure. As it is widely known, international scientific community up to date, used various methods so as to increase the corrosion resistance of steel. In this context, in the present study, specimens of steel reinforcing bars - B500c class- were examined after flame spray coating with an alloy of aluminum and zinc, without any interference in the chemical composition or in the production mode. More specifically, bare rebars of 12 mm nominal diameter were subdivided in two groups, in reference - as delivered - conditions and after flame spray coating; both groups of rebars were subjected to accelerated corrosion experiments, using impressed current technique, and subsequently their mechanical behavior in uncorroded and corroded conditions. The outcomes attained from the experimental study indicate a positive contribution of this method compared with other studies. Moreover, a comparison is presented between the present study on flame spray coating and our recent studies on application of anticorrosive coatings, such as shot peening treatment.
Estimation of fatigue life for clinched joints with the Local Strain Approach incorporating the impact of cold forming to cyclic material properties
Authors: Spak Boris , Schlicht Maximilian , Nowak Karina , Kästner Markus , Froitzheim Pascal , Flügge Wilko , Fiedler Melanie
Published: November 2021

Joining by forming is a commonly applied technique in the automotive industry to assemble parts of thin metal sheets to meet the demands of lightweight design. The joining operation induces changes in material behaviour due to cold forming, that can be observed in increased hardness in the area close to the joint neck compared to the base material. Complex geometrical features of clinched joints on a small scale and the lack of non-destructive methods to track local stresses and strains require a combined approach utilizing numerical and experimental techniques. Numerical process and loading simulation are performed utilizing commercial finite element software LS-Dyna®. Hardness measurements in the joint are carried out to assess the impact of forming operation. Cyclic material properties are derived from Vickers hardness to estimate fatigue life with the Local Strain Approach using the damage parameter PSWT. Fatigue life estimation with failure criterion crack initiation obtained from simulation results is compared to those from experiments. The results obtained indicate that the Local Strain Approach is suitable for fatigue life estimations of clinched joints under constant amplitude loading as long as the influence of the forming process is considered.
Assessment and rehabilitation of a deteriorated heat pipeline overpass
Authors: Lutomirska Marta , Lutomirski Tomasz
Published: November 2021

A deteriorated heat pipeline overpass was subjected to assessment and rehabilitation. Lack of technical documentation, increased loading, and changing design codes had to be taken into consideration. The numerous damages and their origin were identified. Special attention was paid to corrosion at the connection zones, being the result of inadequate paint coating, aggressive environment, and leakages for technological installations. The structure was originally designed according to the design code PN-62/B-03200 from the 1960’s using the permissible stress method. After rehabilitation it was supposed to fulfil current requirements of Eurocodes. Static strength analyses were performed for both codes and the differences between them were noted. The methods for rehabilitation were limited by the requirement of limited intervention and maintaining the structure under service. The applied solution for the strengthening in form of the steel profiles welded to the existing structure is described.
Körpererfahrung und Körperinteraktion in der
psychotherapeutischen Anamnese- und Befunderhebung
Authors: Hausteiner-Wiehle Constanze , Henningsen Peter
Published: November 2021

Schwierigkeiten mit Körpererfahrung und Körperinteraktion
kennzeichnen viele psychische und psychosomatische Erkrankungen und sind sowohl
für das Störungsverständnis als auch für die
Therapie eines konkreten Patienten relevant. Für ihre Diagnostik gibt es
eine Reihe von körperbezogenen Konstrukten, standardisierten
Messinstrumenten und Experimenten, die sich auf Einzelaspekte konzentrieren bzw.
einer kategorisierenden Auswertungslogik folgen. In der alltäglichen
psychotherapeutischen Diagnostik fehlt es aber an Begriffen und Methoden, um
Körpererfahrung und Körperinteraktion individuell und situativ
zu verstehen und zu nutzen. Dieses Diskussionspapier beschreibt auf der
Grundlage klinischer Erfahrungen und einer breiten, themengeleiteten
Literaturrecherche ihre wichtigsten Dimensionen – subjektives
Körpererleben, dargebotene Körpersprache, gezeigte und
verborgene körperliche Befunde, körperbezogene Narrative und
Handlungen, körperliche Resonanz – und wie sie in der klinischen
Interaktion durch Beobachtung, Mentalisierung und Bezogenheit erfasst werden
können.