bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Tetanus Neonatorum in a respiratory unit
Authors: Sikosana C. , Sishi P.
Published: November 2012

Tetanus results from infection by clostridium tetani, which is present in the faeces of animals and man therefore also in the soil. It enters the body through a wound; in the case of a neonate, this is always the raw surface of the umbilicus. The infection of this wound occurs by contamination of cord dressings by dust or soil, but in some cases mothers apply cow dung to the umbilicus. In some cases the umbilical cord is cut with an unsterile blade or even an old broken bottle. The baby is usually born at home.
Kunsvoeding en spening van die baba
Authors: Nolte A.G.W.
Published: November 2012

Whenever possible mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed their babies. If, however, the mother is unable or unwilling to do so the baby is bottle-fed. The goal of infant nutrition is a well nourished but not over nourished infant. In accomplishing this end, the infant may be either breastfed or artificially fed with cow’s milk, evaporated milk, or one of the many prepared formulas that are currently available. This article is also concerned with weaning and the introduction of solid foods.
Book Review
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2012

In the foreword to this book the statement is made that “ there is no scientific doubt that breast feeding is best.” The role of the nurse in promoting breast feeding is of the greatest importance. In order to do this the nurse needs guidance based on facts. This book provides that advice. It is an attractive, well-written book containing all the information needed without unnecessary details. Clear instructions are given on all aspects of breast feeding from the antenatal period to the time of weaning the infant from the breast. I recommend this book to all members of the health team.
Kuratiewe dienste vir die gemeenskap
Authors: Viljoen M.J.
Published: November 2012

The author discusses several curative services available to patients at the community level. She points out whether health care is organized to take the cultural, social and economic needs of the patient and the community into consideration, and refers to the personnel who render the services and how they participate.
Die verpleegster en die omgewing
Authors: Oberholster G.
Published: November 2012

As health services, including nursing, are often directed more to the personal aspects, it is easy to forget that the nurse also plays an important role in environmental health services. Some of these aspects are discussed and it is emphasized that she is a member of the health team with an important role in health education.
Kariale komplikasies van chroniese nierversaking by himodialise pasiënte
Authors: Rautenbach H.H.M.
Published: November 2012

Although hypertension and congestive heart failure are of the most important causes of death with hemodialysis patients, other cardiac problems such as pericarditis, angina pectoris and arrhythmias, cannot be underestimated. It is of the utmost importance that the nurse should have the necessary knowledge and practical skill in order to render comprehensive nursing care.
The day hospital in the community
Authors: Hattingh M.J.
Published: November 2012

The term Day Hospital is attached to centres where primary health care is rendered, not necessarily only during the day, but rather to a community who cannot readily reach other existing facilities. The first day hospital was opened in 1860 in Cape Town for this reason; it could then be seen as an extended arm of the hospital to the community. Numerous conditions are treated that do not need any hospitalisation or necessitate the direct attention of a medical practitioner.
Community involvement
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2012

Community involvement is the main theme of Health Year. Governments have a responsibility for the health of their people, and in this country under the present 3-tier system of government, the responsibility for the rendering of health services is divided between central, provincial and local government. However, under our democratic system, all people have the right to, and it is indeed their duty, to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of services to meet their health needs. Ultimately, through involvement of individuals, families and communities, greater self-reliance is achieved leading to greater responsibility being assumed by people for their own health.
Medical surveillance of the work of the clinic-based midwife
Authors: Larsen J. V.
Published: November 2012

The comprehensive Health Programme of the South African Department of Health is based upon the concept of a base hospital linked with peripheral clinics staffed by nursing sisters. Supervision and training of such nurses is normally carried out by medical staff visiting from the base hospital. In the case of midwifery, the methods of medical supervision of the staff must be different from those employed in a hospital situation.
Salute to some nursing pioneers
Authors: Harrison P.H.
Published: November 2012

This is indeed a very wide meaning for the word, ‘Pioneer’, and it was with some trepidation that I approached this subject. After all, it could end up by being a sort of Biographical Directory of Nurses in South Africa and this is certainly not what our readers would like in this particular journal. In any case, Searle’s History of the Development of Nursing in South Africa covers this field very fully and adequately. So just what sort of people do we regard as pioneers of nursing in our country? Where do we begin? Can one be totally objective about it or would my choice be different from that of readers because of a more subjective attitude.
Matters of moment
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2012

This issue of Curationis presents articles/papers on various matters of moment to the nursing profession and many of them are of universal application. There is no specific theme as such but there may well be more than one article in a particular field.
Teacher effectiveness: an issue in educational administration
Authors: Coetsee Mirinda
Published: November 2012

Much of the lustre of the 1950-60 era of an abundance of faculty positions, polite students, and a swift increase in salary has changed considerably. A paucity of faculty positions, student revolts, and" a declining economy are present-day realities. Faculty members are enjoined to do more socially profitable research, to teach more students and more courses. They are admonished to understand students’, to be interested in their development, to be ‘relevant’ in their teaching, and are constantly reminded that learning involves more than mastery of the abstract content of the discipline.
Waardinburg syndrome — inherited deafness with pigmentary involvement
Authors: Macrae M.F.
Published: November 2012

The Waardenburg syndrome was first clearly defined in 1951. The major clinical importance lies in the fact that about 20% of affected individuals are deaf. Furthermore, because the condition is inherited autosomal dominantly, there is a risk of the disorder being handed down from generation to generation. The syndrome consists of six major features which may appear in any combination and to any degree in the affected individual.
Openingrede
Authors: De Beer Dr. Johan
Published: November 2012

Terwyl die Gesondheidsjaar nou sy einde nader, is dit dan ook gepas dat ons hier saam is om ’n konferensie oor bejaardesorg by te woon, want geriatrie impliseer inderdaad die wegvloeiende gety van die lewe, tanende vitaliteit, afnemende gesondheid en ’n fase van diepe afhanklikheid op gespesialiseerde en insiggewende helpers.
Mediesonkologie 1979
Authors: Falkson G.
Published: November 2012

Medical Oncology 1979 offers a small percentage of patients hope of a cure. Medical Oncology 1979 means that with the administration of cytostatics, temporary disease control can be achieved in a large percentage of patients. By taking cognisance of the patient discriminants, and by judiciously administering cytostatic agents, improved quality, if not increased duration of life can usually be achieved. The emphasis on efficient care insinuates involvement by the professionally trained oncology nurse. The new opportunity offered to the nursing profession is one to be grasped.
Perinatal mortality and its prevention in rural Swaziland
Authors: Vost D.A.
Published: November 2012

Perinatal mortality is defined as the number of stillbirths and deaths in the first week of life per thousand births. While diagnoses such as ‘prematurity’ or ‘intrapartum asphyxia’ are o f interest to midwives and doctors, they tell us very little about the basic reasons for these deaths. Of greater relevance to health workers in developing countries are what may be termed the ‘primary’ causes of mortality. These factors overlap and affect
Die gebeukte kind
Authors: Van Huyssteen Margaretha C.
Published: November 2012

The nurse, and especially the midwife and community health nurse, can make a major contribution towards the prevention of child abuse by developing a sensitivity in respect of the contributing factors which make of a parent a potential abuser of children, by helping to identify these parents, by giving the necessary assistance and guidance and by providing sources of reference where necessary.
Adoption procedures
Authors: Arendt Marie
Published: November 2012

In early Eastern Greek and Roman civilisations, a childless couple adopted a child to provide a direct heir or to perpetuate domestic ancestral worship, and in later centuries adoption was used to solve the problem of illegitimacy. Although the child often benefitted from adoption, it was used primarily as a means of giving a child to a family in the interests of the adults involved. Today, adoption is still used to smooth problems of rights and inheritance of the child, but it has also become, much more, a way of giving a family to a child who needs substitute parents from whom he can receive the love and nurture which are so necessary for his full development.
Continual assessment of student nurses
Authors: Harrington D.C.
Published: November 2012

Much has been written about the continual assessment of clinical practice and the theoretical aspects of the general science and art of nursing. This article aims to clarify the practical aspects of assessment rather than to discuss the numerous theories. Firstly, we need to define that we mean by evaluation or assessment.
Enkele persoonlikheidskenmerke by essensiele hiperteimsie-kleurlingvroue
Authors: Venter A.M.
Published: November 2012

From a review of the literature on essential hypertension it appears that there is lack of clarity in respect of the causes of this condition. Apparently the disease is associated with genetic, environmental and personality factors, but the interaction between factors such as mother-dominance, the handling of aggression and rage and motivation could have a bearing on the situation. The objective of this research was therefore to investigate these factors by comparing a group of 50 hypertensive and a group of 40 normotensive Coloured women.
Caring for our patients — fact or legend
Authors: Harrison P.
Published: November 2012

With 1980 well into its stride it must be becoming more and more evident that what most people understand by the word “ technology” is going to play an ever-increasing role in everyday living and influence to an even greater extent the quality of life. It does not really matter what area one thinks of — agriculture, transport, education, mining, commerce and industry and our own specific area of health service, nursing, technology is integral to our continued existence. Technology has to do with machines, engineering
The management of high risk labours by midwives with advanced training
Authors: Larsen J.V. , Muller E.J.
Published: November 2012

A survey undertaken in 1977' demonstrated that 53,3 percent of women delivering in a rural obstetric unit had high risk factors demanding hospital delivery. The present shortage of medical staff available in such areas demands that even patients with high risk factors must often be delivered by midwives. Midwives are however, usually trained on the understanding that all patients with significant risk factors should be delivered by medical staff, and thus
Voluntary nursing in Natal
Authors: Thompson E.V.
Published: November 2012

I believe we are the only Province where trained nurses run a purely voluntary district nursing service. Westville was first, we were followed by a branch starting in Hillcrest, then came Durban North, Amanzimtoti and the Bluff.
SANTA vs. public tuberculosis hospitals: the patient experience in the Free State, 2001/2002
Authors: Heunis J.C , Van Rensburg H.C.J. , Meulemans H.
Published: November 2012

This paper reflects on the appropriateness of the decision to close down a nongovernmental organisation (NGO), state-aided tuberculosis (TB) hospital in the Free State in 2003. Henceforth hospitalisation of TB patients would take place at public district hospitals. A survey conducted late-2001/'early-2002 revealed a more positive patient experience of hospitalisation forTB in public hospitals than in the NGO hospital. Consideration of the patient experience serves to inform the debate concerning continued outsourcing of TB hospital care to NGOs in South Africa. This study discusses comparative findings in respect of patients’ biographic and socio-economic characteristics, health beliefs, satisfaction with hospitalisation, experience of stigmatisation, adherence to treatment and absconding from hospital.
A comparative study of adoloscents’ perceived stress and health outcomes among adolescent mothers and their infants in Lesotho
Authors: Yako E.M.
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare perceived stress in general, stress due to pregnancy, and post partum complications between a group of unmarried adolescent first-time mothers and a group of married adolescent first-time mothers. Never-pregnant adolescents served as a comparison group on perceived stress. Health outcomes of infants of the two groups of adolescent mothers were also compared on birth weight, nutritional status (weight gain) and immunization status.
Perceptions of adolescents in low resourced areas towards pregnancy and the choice on termination of pregnancy (CTOP)
Authors: Ratlabala M.E. , Makofane M.D.M. , Jali M.N.
Published: November 2012

Teenage pregnancy, unsafe abortion methods and the high incidence of HI V infections among young people are of great concern to the South African public. Due to the lack of accurate information and understanding, some adolescents are forced to succumb to early motherhood from unplanned pregnancies or opt for back-street abortion with at times fatal results. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted in 2003 to determine the adolescents’ perceptions towards factors on the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy (CTOP) and the constraints in accessing TOP services. A purposive sampling technique that enabled experts such as health workers to identify suitable candidates for the investigation was employed. Twenty-four (24) adolescents residing in the predominantly rural area of Nkumpi-Lepelle in the Limpopo Province agreed to participate in the focus group interviews. The major findings indicated that most adolescents were uninformed about CTOP. This is attributed to the lack of coordination among health professionals and educators in the dissemination of information. The overwhelming majority of the respondents expressed discomfort at receiving termination of pregnancy services from the local public clinics and hospitals as they regarded such facilities as youth unfriendly. The adolescents also required provision of pre- and post-counselling services for adolescents who would like to terminate pregnancy.
Beliefs of grade six learners’ regarding adolescent pregnancy and sex
Authors: Grobler C. , Botma Y. , Jacobs A.C. , Nel M.
Published: November 2012

Escalating adolescent pregnancy and risky sexual behaviour is becoming more common amongst young adolescents and especially amongst black adolescents in South Africa. Statistics confirm that South African adolescents as young as fourteen are already sexually active and become pregnant. The decision to become sexually active with resulting adolescent pregnancy whether planned or not, are directly influenced by the teenager’s beliefs. A person’s beliefs consist of a person’ own individual beliefs or attitude as well as what the individual subjective norm which the individual perceive as other people’s beliefs regarding the same object of reason. The aim of the study was to describe the attitude of black grade six learners under the age of fourteen, towards adolescent pregnancy and sex. A quantitative descriptive research design was used. Results were clustered according to demographic variables as well as beliefs that consist of attitude and subjective norm.
An assessment of the implementation of the provincial cervical screening programme in selected Primary Health Care Clinics in the Ilembe region, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Sibiya M.N. , Grainger L.
Published: November 2012

Cervical cancer is almost completely preventable, yet it is the second most prevalent cancer amongst women in South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) in particular has a high mortality rate of cervical cancer and 1:40 women die from cancer of the cervix. Therefore, in 1997 a cervical screening policy and programme was implemented in the province. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the implementation of selected aspects of the Provincial cervical screening programme in selected Primary Health Care (PHC) clinics in Ilembe Region, KZN.
Management of the oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS by traditional healers and care givers
Authors: Rudolph M.J. , Ogunbodede E.O. , Mistry M.
Published: November 2012

In many communities of South Africa, traditional healers are often the only means of health care delivery available. The level of knowledge and ability to recognize oral lesions of 32 traditional healers and 17 care-givers were assessed after a two-day workshop. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire, complimented by enlarged clinical photographs of the common oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS. Prior to the workshop, 46 (93.9%) of the 49 respondents had never had any formal information on oral health and 43 (87.8%) were unfamiliar with the symptoms of oral diseases. Thirty-five (71.4%) recognized bleeding gums from A4-size photographs and 11 (22.4%) recognized oral thrush. The recognition of other oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS were; oral hairy leukoplakia (41.0%), angular cheilitis (43.6%), herpes virus infection (56.4%), oral ulcerations (56.8%), and in children, parotid enlargement (27.3%), and moluscum contagiosum (56.8%). Traditional healers and caregivers constitute an untapped resource with enormous potential. A positive bridge should be built to link traditional healing with modem medicine in the struggle against HIV/AIDS.
Patients’ and family members’ knowledge and views regarding diabetes mellitus and its treatment
Authors: Shilubane H.N. , Potgieter E.
Published: November 2012

Diabetes mellitus affects millions of people worldwide and its related complications continue to be of great concern. The outcome of diabetes depends mainly on the patient’s self-management. Health care professionals therefore have a major responsibility to assist patients to acquire the essential knowledge, skills and attitudes towards self-management. A quantitative survey was conducted to identify diabetic patients and family members' knowledge and views about diabetes and its treatment regimen. A convenient sample of 32 diabetics and 32 family members who attended two health care facilities in the Mopani district, Limpopo Province, was drawn. Two similar questionnaires, one for each group respectively, were completed by the subjects. The data was analysed by a computer programme, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Findings revealed that the diabetics and family members lack adequate knowledge on diabetes and its treatment. Recommendations regarding the required health education and assistance to be given to these patients and their family members were made.
The management of infant developmental needs by community nurses - Part 1: Description of the responsibilities of community nurses with regard to the management of infant developmental needs
Authors: Leech R. , Van Wyk N.C. , Uys C.J.E.
Published: November 2012

This article is one of two that describes the responsibilities of community nurses, according to their legal scope of practice, with regard to the management of developmental needs of infants in primary health care clinics in South Africa. A subsequent article describes the development of guidelines for the support of community nurses to address the developmental needs of infants 0 - 2 years. While evidence confirms that developmental surveillance should be incorporated into the ongoing health care of the infant, such services are not consistently provided in health care settings and, if provided, the delivery thereof suffers from significant inadequacies. A case study strategy was used to investigate the phenomenon and content analysis utilised to analyze the data. The Transactional Model of Development was selected to interpret the data obtained in the study. Findings of the study show that infant developmental care is not included to its fullest potential in the health care delivered to infants and their families, thereby indicating that community nurses do not meet the standards of the profession with regard to the management of infant developmental needs. Health service managers need to review their commitment and type of support to community nurses, if infant developmental care, as part of community nurses’ responsibilities, is to be effective and of high quality. Furthermore, community nurses and other health care professionals must recognize the nature and potential of inter-professional collaboration to ensure positive outcomes for infants with developmental delays and disabilities.
Needs of children affected by HIV and AIDS: Mangaung in the Free State
Authors: Chakalane-Mpeli R.M. , Roets L.
Published: November 2012

The terminal illness or death of a parent due to HIV and AIDS has a disastrous effect on the surviving children. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the needs of HIV and AIDS orphans and pre-orphans. A qualitative method using indepth interviews with 10 children affected by their parent’s illness or death was carried out. Results indicate that there was a marked reduction in financial capital paving the way for basic physical needs such as food, clothing, fuel and shelter. Lack of school fees, uniforms and transport money together with biased teachers and rigid school policies were affecting school attendance and performance. On the psychosocial level needs expressed were for family and community support, friendship, acceptance by the group as well as love and belonging. It seems as if stigmatisation and resulting ostracism by important-others is a drawback at all levels of interaction for AIDS orphans and pre-orphans.
Women’s journey of recovery from sexual assault trauma : a grounded theory - Part 2
Authors: Duma S.E. , Mekwa J.N. , Denny L.D.
Published: November 2012

The purpose of the study was to explore and analyse the journey of recovery which is undertaken by women who have been sexually assaulted, with the aim of discovering the grounded theory of recovery from sexual assault within the first six months following the event of rape. The main research question was: ‘What is the journey o f recovery that is undertaken by women within the first six months following sexual assault?’ Another question that developed during data collection and data analysis was ‘What is the meaning that women attach to recovery?’ The findings are discussed under the eight concepts or categories and the context and the intervening conditions that influence the journey of recovery from sexual assault trauma. Refer to part 1 article. These are complemented with abstracts of data from the participants’ voices and the related discussions. The developed theory highlights the process and the interconnectedness of the different stages of what the women experience in their journey of recovery from sexual assault trauma.
Introducing human rights and health into a nursing curriculum
Authors: Mayers P.
Published: November 2012

An important component of nursing programmes in South Africa has been teaching of the principles of ethical practice and relevant ethical codes. A number of factors have contributed to the need to include human rights as an integral component of nursing curricula in South Africa. These include the Bill of Rights in the Constitution of South Africa and the implications thereof for health care delivery, the primary health care approach in the delivery of health care in South Africa, the development and acceptance o f Patients’ Rights Charters, and the recognition of the role that health professionals played - whether through lack of knowledge and awareness or direct involvement - in the human rights violations in the health sector exposed during the hearings of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the Ga-Rankuwa community
Authors: Li Y.Q. , Wright S.C.D.
Published: November 2012

Cardiovascular disease is the most common and yet one of the most preventable causes of death in the world. Rapid urbanization in South Africa is accompanied by rapid changes in lifestyle and environmental exposure that increase the burden of chronic cardiovascular diseases. Risk factors, modifiable or nonmodifiable, exist that increases a person’s chances of developing cardiovascular disease. Though some knowledge is available about the prevalence of the risk factors in South Africa, no information is available regarding the community of Ga-Rankuwa. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease amongst the working-age people (18-40 years) in Ga-Rankuwa community. A quantitative survey was done and the sample was selected from zone 1,2,4, and 16 of Ga-Rankuwa from July 2005 to October 2005. The sampling method was census sampling (n=604). The data-gathering was self-report using a structured questionnaire as well as physical measurement. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results indicated that risk factors, specifically obesity, physical inactivity and hypertension, were very prevalent in Ga-Rankuwa community. Different distributions of risk factors exist in the various sex and age groups. This finding again emphasises the importance of not developing health interventions with a single focus, for example hypertension or obesity. The risk factors are interwoven and affect each other. It is important to initiate a comprehensive health project to lower the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in the Ga-Rankuwa community.
Working conditions that contribute to absenteeism among nurses in a provincial hospital in the Limpopo Province
Authors: Nyathi M
Published: November 2012

Absenteeism results in an increased workload for nurses who stand in for colleagues and can lead to situations in which a lack of motivation among nurses and a lowering of the quality of patient care may occur. The researcher observed that certain conditions, such as inflexible working schedules, were given as reasons for the absenteeism in units in a provincial hospital. A non-experimental, descriptive, quantitative study was undertaken. The purpose of the article was to describe the working conditions that contribute to absenteeism among the professional and sub-professional nurses at a provincial hospital in the Limpopo province of South Africa.
Nurses’ views about tuberculosis patients’ discharge plan at Moses Kotane in the North-West Province
Authors: Motsomane SF
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the opinions of nurses working with tuberculosis (TB) patients regarding hospital discharge plans at Moses Kotane in North-West, South Africa.
Lifestyle risk factors in an urban South African community
Authors: Wright SCD
Published: November 2012

The research question addressed in the study was to determine the prevalence of the following lifestyle risk factors: obesity, waist-hip ratio, physical inactivity, high blood glucose, and hypertension in an urban community. The research objective for the study was to determine the prevalence of specific risk factors in an urban community. Based on the results, a health intervention could be planned and implemented to reduce the prevalence of the risk factors and the possibility of chronic noncommunicable diseases in later life. The design was a quantitative survey using physical measurement and a structured questionnaire. The target population of the study was black urban adults (n=218). The sampling method was convenient and purposive. The results of the study indicated that the prevalence of hypertension and obesity were higher than the national prevalence for South Africa. The waist-hip ratio revealed that 20% of the men and 49.7% of the women were at risk for cardiovascular disease. High blood glucose levels were demonstrated for 21.6% of the group. Physical activity was also shown to be inadequate. In conclusion, the potential for cardiovascular and metabolic health problems in future is high. It is recommended that an intervention, based on the results of the study, should and must be developed and implemented. The more challenging question is to know what to do and how to do it. A framework is suggested to guide the development of an intervention.
Factors contributing to low institutional deliveries in the Marondera district of Zimbabwe
Authors: Mugweni E
Published: November 2012

The purpose of the study was to identify factors contributing to low institutional deliveries in the Marondera District, Zimbabwe, among women who attended antenatal clinics, in order to enhance the number of institutional deliveries. A quantitative descriptive survey, gathering data by conducting structured interviews with 80 women, was used in this study. All 80 women attended ante-natal clinics but 40 delivered at home and 40 delivered at an institution.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to healthy childbearing in the West Coast / Winelands
Authors: Maart LC
Published: November 2012

Many of the known risk factors associated with low birth weight (LB W) infants, such as socio-economic status, ethnicity, genetic makeup, and obstetric history, are not within a woman’s immediate control. However, there are many things that a woman can do to improve her chances of having a normal healthy child. Lifestyle behaviours, such as cigarette smoking, nutrition and the use of alcohol, play an important role in determining the growth of the foetus. There is a high rate of low birth weight infants bom to women living and working on the farms in the Western Cape. Very little is known about the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the women living and working on the farms that may be influencing their pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this qualitative exploratory study was to establish the knowledge, attitudes and practices of reproductive age women related to lifestyle factors such as alcohol use, smoking and nutrition, and the perceptions of these factors by health care workers, in Stellenbosch and Vredendal areas (small towns in the Western Cape).
Investigation into the relationship between the socio-economic and health status of the Coloured people of the Western Cape in an urban setting
Authors: Stellenberg EL
Published: November 2012

A descriptive non-experimental approach was applied to investigate and describe the prevalence of factors influencing the health status of the Coloured people of the Western Cape in an urban setting as a dissertation for a doctorate degree. For the purpose of this article the relationship between the socio-economic and health status of the Coloured people of the Western Cape in an urban setting are described. The study only included economically active persons < 21 ^ 50 years. The objective was to determine the relationship between the health status and the socio-economic status of economically active Coloured people in an urban area as defined. The objectives set for the study were reached through a cross sectional study. The hypothesis, an association between the health status and the socio-economic status of the Coloured people of an urban area in the Western Cape was tested using the chi square statistical test. A purposeful stratified sample of 353 participants was drawn from the residential areas as defined for the purpose of the study. All social classes were well represented in the suburbs. Statistical associations on a 95% confidence interval were shown between the socio-economic status (i.e. educational level, income and occupation) social habits, diet, and money available for food, exercise and the health status of the respondents. Recommendations were made based on the scientific evidence obtained through the study.
Experiences of nurses working in a rural primary health-care setting in Mopani district, Limpopo Province
Authors: Mohale MP
Published: November 2012

Professional nurses working in rural, primary health-care settings are experiencing burnout due to serious shortages of personnel. This is exacerbated by the brain drain of nurses leaving the country. Rural settings are resource constrained in terms of personnel and equipment. This results in dissatisfaction among nurses due to the unbearable working conditions which result in stress and frustration. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive study was conducted to explore and describe the experiences of nurses working in a rural primary health-care setting in the greater Letaba sub district in Limpopo Province. Purposive sampling was used to identify the participants. Data was collected in the form of in-depth interviews. The study revealed that nurses working in primary health-care settings were experiencing emotional and physical strain as a result of the shortage of human resources. It was recommended that policies that meet the health-care needs of rural communities be developed, and that strategies to retain professional nurses in primary health-care settings be formulated.
The impact of caring for persons living with HIV and AIDS on the mental health of nurses in the Limpopo Province
Authors: Davhana-Maselesele M
Published: November 2012

This study assessed the impact of caring for AIDS sufferers on the mental health of nurses. This assessment was measured against the level of burnout, stress and depression among 174 nurses caring for people living with HIV and AIDS in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire incorporated the AIDS Impact Scale (AIS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the participants’ demographic and professional profiles. Participants were conveniently selected from five selected hospitals in Limpopo Province. The study participants’ valuation using the AIS showed that nurses tended to develop strong bonds and relationships with the patients; felt frustrated by their inability to help the terminally ill AIDS sufferers and were subsequently affected by the death of their patients. Personal accomplishments of the nurses remained high and the levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization levels were low. The BDI showed that over 3 out of 4 nurses were experiencing between mild mood disturbance and extreme depression. Higher average scores were noted for items of the depression scale like sadness, dissatisfaction, fatigue and low level of energy. The findings highlight the need to develop psychological support programmes for nurses caring for AIDS patients and promote the provision of social incentives and recognition of the role of nurses in AIDS care.
The expectations of pregnant women regarding antenatal care
Authors: Mathibe-Neke JM
Published: November 2012

From a feminist perspective, research on childbirth and women’s health is a means to a positive change that is conducted in partnership with women for their benefit. A patient-led National Health System (NHS) (Hillan, 1999) also calls for consultation with patients and the wider public for shaping the current and future health services. This study was aimed at exploring and describing the expectations that pregnant women have regarding antenatal care service by the midwife practitioner. In-depth interviews were conducted in an antenatal unit of an Academic Hospital in Gauteng Povince. Data saturation was reached with a sample of eighteen pregnant women who were conveniently selected. Data analysis ran concurrently with data collection. A manual content analysis as described by Tesch was used. Lincoln and Guba’s method of ensuring trustworthiness was adopted (Lincoln & Guba, 1985:328)
The acceptability, knowledge and perceptions of pregnant women toward HIV Testing in pregnancy at Ilembe District
Authors: Dube FN
Published: November 2012

This research study aimed to investigate the acceptability, knowledge and perceptions of pregnant women toward HIV testing in pregnancy in Ilembe District. An exploratory research design guided the study. A systematic random sampling was used to select pregnant women who were attending the ante-natal clinic for the first time in their current pregnancy.
Knowledge of pregnant women on transmission of HIV infection through breast feeding
Authors: Kasinga F
Published: November 2012

Although breast-feeding is nature s way of providing nutrition to the baby, in HIV positive mothers this has been identified as one of the means through which HIV infection is transmitted from the mother to the child. In Africa where children under the age of 5 are killed by preventable diseases like diarrhoea, the issue of HIV transmission through breast feeding poses an added huge problem. Research has, however shown that exclusive infant feeding, be it breast or formula, reduces the risk substantially. It is imperative that mothers be informed about safer methods of infant feeding so that HIV infection is kept to a minimum.
Factors influencing nurses’ job satisfaction in selected private hospitals in England
Authors: Lephalala RP
Published: November 2012

The quantitative descriptive survey used self-completion questionnaires to study factors influencing nurses’ job satisfaction in selected private hospitals in England. Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation was used to contextualise the results obtained from 85 completed questionnaires.
The nurses’ experience of possible HIV infection after injury and / or exposure on duty
Authors: Roets L
Published: November 2012

The purpose of the research was to describe the experience of nurses in the studied hospital who had been exposed to possible HIV infection during injury or exposure on duty.
The experiences of informal care givers in home-based care in the ODI sub-district area in the North West Provice
Authors: Motswasele LK
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of informal caregivers in home-based care in the Odi Sub-District area in the Province of the North West.
Interdepartmental communication at tertiary hospital campus in the Limpopo Province
Authors: Mothiba TM
Published: November 2012

Interdepartmental communication in a hospital setting is fundamental to the provision of quality patient care. Effective communication modes are important because they result in the improvement of patient care (Tappen, 1995:181). Preliminary investigations into the main problems that underscore patients’ dissatisfaction have identified, among others, the failure of health professionals to communicate effectively. In this study an attempt was made to describe experiences of health professionals with regard to inter-departmental communications , define inter-departmental communication in selected departments of a tertiary hospital campus in the Limpopo Province and lastly, to formulate inter-departmental communication guidelines for health professionals.
Clinical supervision and support for bridging programme students in the greater Durban area
Authors: Pillay P
Published: November 2012

Reviewed literature revealed that clinical supervision is a conceptually sound learning model, which, unfortunately, is flawed by problems of implementation. Some of the more glaring problems include limited emphasis upon problem-solving, lack of clear expectations for student performance, inadequate feedback to students, inappropriate role models in clinical settings and inadequately prepared clinical teachers. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the nature of clinical supervision and support provided to bridging programme students in the clinical settings. Participants were drawn from three nursing colleges and 122 participants returned questionnaires. College 1:26,2% (n=32), College 2:15,6% (n=19) and the majority, 58, 2 % ( n=71) were from College 3. The participants were second year students in the Bridging Programme.
The levels of Community Involvement in Health (CIH): a case of rural and urban communities in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Mchunu G.G.
Published: November 2012

The study aimed to describe the practice of community involvement in health programmes.The study therefore explored the nature and practice of community involvementin health programmes in the two communities in KwaZulu Natal. Thestudy was guided by the conceptual framework adapted from Amstein’s,( 1969) Ladderof Citizen Participation. This framework shows different levels and steps in communityparticipation. A case study method was used to conduct the study. The twocases were one urban based and one rural based community health centers in theIlembe health district, in Kwa Zulu Natal. A sample of 31 persons participated in thestudy. The sample comprised 8 registered nurses, 2 enrolled nurses 13 communitymembers and 8 community health workers. Data was collected using structured individualinterviews and focus group interviews, and was guided by the case protocol.Community involvement in health largely depended on the type of community, withrural community members being in charge of their health projects and urban communitymembers helping each other as neighbours in times of need.
Self-concepts and demographic characteristics of battered women in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Idemudia E.S.
Published: November 2012

In South Africa, studies have shown that one in every four women are abused or battered. Put graphically, 25% of women in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) are assaulted by their boyfriend/partner or husband and a woman suffer battering on average of 39 times before she seeks outside help. Woman battering can leave women abused, distressed, create fear, limits behaviour, cause psychological damage and physical harms and very often breaks down self-esteem and leaves the individual self-incompetent. Hence the need to understand how women who have been abused rate their pre and post abuse self-concepts, how their demographic characteristics influence their self-concepts and also understand their attitude towards their abuser.
Rural women’s knowledge of prevention and care related to breast cancer
Authors: Mugivhi N.H. , Maree, J.E. , Wright S.C.D.
Published: November 2012

According to the experience of the researcher, an oncology nurse, women living in the rural areas of Thulamela municipality in the Limpopo Province, have many different perceptions of breast cancer. Perceptions are based on previous disease experiences. As with previous illnesses, changes in the breast caused by breast cancer are self-managed and treated. When these women seek medical advice for breast cancer related problems, they already have advanced cancer. The purpose of the study was to investigate if women are knowledgeable of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer, breast self-examination, as well as appropriate health care to take responsibility to prevent admission with advanced breast cancer. The research study was an exploratory and contextual survey. The sampling method was convenient (n=200). Data were gathered during a structured interview using a checklist. Data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics. The results of the study indicated a low level of knowledge regarding the signs and symptoms of breast cancer. The average level of knowledge for the signs and symptoms of breast cancer was less than 10% (n=20). With regards to breast self-examination the results varied between 8.5% (n=17) and 13% (n=26). Biomedical medicine was the preferred treatment choice for the majority of the respondents. The study provided evidence that women were unable to take responsibility for their breast health. Their lack of knowledge of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer and breast self-examination would not enable them to prevent presenting with advanced disease. A breast health care strategy for women living in Thulamela should be designed, implemented and evaluated to prevent presentation with advanced breast cancer.
Measurement of the effectiveness of an HIV/AIDS intervention programme on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of the South African Polise Service employees
Authors: Cherian L. , Maphoso L.S.
Published: November 2012

This study investigated if there was any change in the HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of the South African Police Service’s (SAPS) employees of Limpopo province after attending the HIV/AIDS intervention programme. From a population of (N=108) employees, those who attended the HIV/AIDS awareness workshop participated as experimental group (n=51) while those who attended the suicide prevention and disability workshop as control group (n=57). Random sampling method was used to select the above sample. Both workshops were conducted at various places in Limpopo Province. Pre-tests were administered before the workshops while the post-tests were administered after the workshops. The results were analysed using 2 (Group: Experimental versus Control Group) x 2 (Time: Pre-test versus Post-test, a repeated measure) Analyses of Variances (ANOVA). The findings showed that there was a significant change in HIV/AIDS knowledge after employees have attended the HIV/AIDS awareness workshop. There was however no significant change in attitude and behaviour after the HIV/AIDS awareness programme. The study recommends that a one day workshop is not enough to change attitude and behaviour. It also recommends that a follow up in the form of delayed post-test is required to investigate if the behaviour of the members who promised to change positively had actually changed as behaviour changes cannot manifest in a one day workshop. This can also serve as a suggestion for further research.