bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why mothers double up: The role of demographic, economic, and family characteristics
Authors: Harvey Hope , Dunifon Rachel
Published: January 2023

Objective

We examine how mothers' characteristics are associated with forming a doubled‐up household as a host (allowing adult extended family members/nonrelatives to join their household) and guest (moving into a home owned/rented by extended family/nonrelatives).

Background

Doubled‐up households are increasingly common and shape families' lives in meaningful ways. Although doubling up is often considered a response to economic need, few studies directly examine the range of characteristics that may predict entry into doubled‐up households.

Method

Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we examine how demographic, economic and housing, and family characteristics are associated with mothers' risk of becoming doubled‐up as hosts and guests.

Results

Multiple factors have independent links to doubling up, including race/ethnicity, housing assistance receipt, and socio‐economic status. Family factors are especially important; in particular, experiencing a new birth and having a young child are associated with doubling up as a guest, and romantic relationship changes are associated with doubling up as either a host or guest. Additionally, many predictors of doubling up as a host and guest differ. Finally, we find that almost one‐third of adult mothers who are doubled‐up as guests never transitioned into a doubled‐up household; rather, they remained in their childhood home.

Conclusion

A full accounting of when and why families double up requires researchers to attend to mothers' needs—and changes in these needs—across multiple dimensions and to distinguish between hosts and guests.
Comparison of 3D positional accuracy of implant analogs in printed resin models versus conventional stone casts: Effect of implant angulation
Authors: Tan Shaun , Tan Ming Yi , Wong Keng Mun , Maria Rahmat , Tan Keson Beng Choon
Published: January 2023

Purpose

To study the effect of implant angulation on 3D linear and absolute angular distortions of implant analogs in printed resin models and conventional stone casts.

Materials and methods

Three sectional master models with two implants with total inter‐implant angulations of 0°, 10°, and 20° were fabricated. For each master model, five conventional stone casts (CS) and printed resin models (PM) were fabricated (n = 5). Test models were made with nonsplinted impression copings and open tray polyether impressions for the CS groups and scan bodies scanned using an intraoral scanner for the PM groups. The physical positions of the implants and implant analogs were measured with a coordinate measuring machine. 3D linear distortion (ΔR) and absolute angular distortion (Absdθ) defined the 3D positional accuracy of the analogs in the test models. Univariate ANOVA was used to analyze data followed by post hoc tests (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05).

Results

Mean ΔR was significantly greater for PM10 (73.5 ± 8.9 µm) and PM20 (65.5 ± 33.3 µm) compared to CS0 (16.8 ± 14.1 µm), CS10 (22.2 ± 13.0 µm), CS20 (15.6 ± 19.9 µm), and PM0 (23.9 ± 16.1 µm). For Absdθ, there were no significant differences between test groups.

Conclusions

With conventional stone casts, implant angulation had no significant effect on 3D linear and absolute angular distortions. Amongst printed resin models test groups, angulated implants had significantly greater ΔR. Amongst angulated implants test groups, printed resin models had significantly greater ΔR than conventional stone casts. Compared to the master model, all test groups, regardless of inter‐implant angulation, produced greater inter‐analog distances.
Some recent trends in embeddings of time series and dynamic networks
Authors: Tjøstheim Dag , Jullum Martin , Løland Anders
Published: January 2023

We give a review of some recent developments in embeddings of time series and dynamic networks. We start out with traditional principal components and then look at extensions to dynamic factor models for time series. Unlike principal components for time series, the literature on time‐varying nonlinear embedding is rather sparse. The most promising approaches in the literature is neural network based, and has recently performed well in forecasting competitions. We also touch on different forms of dynamics in topological data analysis (TDA). The last part of the article deals with embedding of dynamic networks, where we believe there is a gap between available theory and the behavior of most real world networks. We illustrate our review with two simulated examples. Throughout the review, we highlight differences between the static and dynamic case, and point to several open problems in the dynamic case.
Ecological niches of epiphyllous bryophytes along Afrotropical elevation gradient
Authors: Doležal Jiří , Korznikov Kirill , Altman Jan , Fibich Pavel , Řeháková Klára , Lltonga Elias Ndive , Majeský Luboš , Dančák Martin
Published: January 2023

Understanding multiple environmental drivers governing tropical organisms' distribution and ecological niches is crucial for predicting their responses to ongoing rapid deforestation. While macroclimatic effects via energy and water availability are well predicted, less is known about locally modulating factors such as canopy structure, light and edaphic conditions. Here we show that minimum temperatures and ambient humidity drive the abundance and richness of leaf‐inhabiting epiphyllous bryophytes across 4‐km elevation gradient on Mount Cameroon, West Africa, separating epiphyll‐rich rainforests (0–2200 m a.s.l.) from epihyll‐poor fire‐driven afromontane savanna (2300–4000 m a.s.l.). However, local factors contribute more than half to the total abundance and richness variation, either directly (light) or indirectly (edaphic conditions) via their effects on host plant composition. The most abundant epiphyllous communities occur in vertically stratified upland rainforests between 600 and 1100 m elevation, where N‐fixing tree legumes dominate. Their canopy is relatively sparse, due to nutrient‐poor soils leached by high rainfall, leaving room for the development of diverse subcanopy tree and understory shrub and herb layers with epiphyll‐rich communities. Vertically homogenous lowland rainforests on fertile soils below 500 m, with dense overstory and shaded and species‐poor understory, have less developed epiphylls, as do seasonally dry montane forests between 2000 and 2300 m, or elephant fragmented forests between 1200 and 1600 m. We conclude that high temperature and humidity together with a vertically stratified canopy support epiphylls, whereas precipitation seasonality, disturbed vegetation with unstable microclimate, or dense, unstratified canopy discourage the development of epiphyllous communities. Our study illustrates that ecological niches of epiphyllous bryophytes are shaped by a complex interplay of multiple drivers, knowledge of which is essential for more realistic predictions of the impacts of current accelerated habitat loss on species distribution and diversity changes in the tropics.
Decision, causality, and predetermination
Authors: Kment Boris
Published: January 2023

Evidential decision theory (EDT) says that the choiceworthiness of an option depends on its evidential connections to possible outcomes. Causal decision theory (CDT) holds that it depends on your beliefs about its causal connections. While Newcomb cases support CDT, Arif Ahmed has described examples that support EDT. A new account is needed to get all cases right. I argue that an option A's choiceworthiness is determined by the probability that a good outcome ensues at possible A‐worlds that match actuality in the facts causally unaffected by your decision (the “unaffected facts”). Moreover, you should evaluate A on the assumption that A is compossible with the unaffected facts. This view entails that you should use EDT when evaluating A on the assumption that the unaffected facts determine your action, but use CDT when assessing A on the opposite assumption. A's choiceworthiness equals a weighted average of these conditional assessments. The weights are determined by your beliefs about whether the unaffected fact determine your action. This account gets both Newcomb and Ahmed cases right. According to an influential view, whether you take the unaffected facts to determine your action can make a difference to whether you can regard yourself as free and the action as being under your control. While my account is neutral on this issue, it entails that whether you take the unaffected facts to determine your action is important in a different way: it matters to whether you should follow EDT or CDT.
Birth weight and stillbirth genetic parameter estimation in a river buffalo simulated population
Authors: Ahmadpanah Javad , Seidavi Alireza , Safari Abbas , Badbarin Sajad , Khan Imtiaz , Colonna Maria Antonietta , Tufarelli Vincenzo , Selvaggi Maria
Published: January 2023

Stillbirth (SB) is a threshold character that has been detected as the most important factor affecting the future reproductive life of an animal. In buffaloes, stillbirth accounts for approximately 42% of all reproductive disorders being considered as the main reproductive disorder in buffalo calves. The present study aimed to estimate the heritability values and to determine the genetic and phenotypic correlation between stillbirth rate and birth weight (BW) using a Bayesian approach via Gibbs sampling method in a river buffalo population. A stochastic simulation was used to create a population in which random mating was used for 15 discrete generations. A bivariate animal model including maternal effects was used. Maternal effects were significant (p < .05) for both BW and SB. The results showed that when the SB rate increased from 1% to 50%, the estimated direct heritability of SB increased. Yet, by increasing the SB rate from 50% to 99%, a decrease of the SB estimated direct heritability was observed. The genetic correlation between BW and SB was decreased by increasing the level of occurrence of SB in the population from 1% to 99%. The root mean square error (RMSE) of heritability was increased from 40% to 70% level of occurrence of SB. Based on findings, it can be concluded that to reduce stillbirth rate in the population, it is possible to use genetic improvement program and birth weight could be one of the main components of a selection goal.
Use of a Negative Pressure Containment Pod Within Ambulance-Workspace During Pandemic Response
Authors: Pena Mirle , Neu Dylan T. , Feng H. Amy , Hammond Duane R. , Mead Kenneth R. , Banerjee Rupak K.
Published: January 2023

Emergency medical service (EMS) providers have a higher potential exposure to infectious agents than the general public (Nguyen et al., 2020, “Risk of COVID-19 Among Frontline Healthcare Workers and the General Community: A Prospective Cohort Study,” Lancet Pub. Health, 5(9), pp. e475–e483; Brown et al., 2021, “Risk for Acquiring Coronavirus Disease Illness Among Emergency Medical Service Personnel Exposed to Aerosol-Generating Procedures,” Emer. Infect. Disease J., 27(9), p. 2340). The use of protective equipment may reduce, but does not eliminate their risk of becoming infected as a result of these exposures. Prehospital environments have a high risk of disease transmission exposing EMS providers to bioaerosols and droplets from infectious patients. Field intubation procedures may be performed causing the generation of bioaerosols, thereby increasing the exposure of EMS workers to pathogens. Additionally, ambulances have a reduced volume compared to a hospital treatment space, often without an air filtration system, and no control mechanism to reduce exposure. This study evaluated a containment plus filtration intervention for reducing aerosol concentrations in the patient module of an ambulance. Aerosol concentration measurements were taken in an unoccupied research ambulance at National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Cincinnati using a tracer aerosol and optical particle counters (OPCs). The evaluated filtration intervention was a containment pod with a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA)-filtered extraction system that was developed and tested based on its ability to contain, capture, and remove aerosols during the intubation procedure. Three conditions were tested (1) baseline (without intervention), (2) containment pod with HEPA-1, and (3) containment pod with HEPA-2. The containment pod with HEPA-filtered extraction intervention provided containment of 95% of the total generated particle concentration during aerosol generation relative to the baseline condition, followed by rapid air cleaning within the containment pod. This intervention can help reduce aerosol concentrations within ambulance patient modules while performing aerosol-generating procedures.
Intensified Olympic Preparation: Sleep and Training-Related Hormonal and Immune Responses in Water Polo
Authors: Botonis Petros G. , Toubekis Argyris G.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To investigate whether sleeping activity, hormonal responses, and wellness are altered in elite water polo players during their preparation toward the Tokyo Olympics. Methods: Eight elite-level water polo players participated in 3 consecutive training phases: (1) before the commencement of a residential-based conditioning camp (PRE-CAMP; 3 d), (2) residential-based conditioning camp (5 d), and (3) a congested period of training and competition (POST-CAMP; 8 d). Nocturnal sleep was monitored for 14 consecutive days in PRE-CAMP (2 d), CAMP (5 d), and POST-CAMP (7 d). Postawakening salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin-A, and subjective wellness were measured during PRE-CAMP, CAMP, and POST-CAMP, and internal training/match load (ITL) was calculated daily. The averaged values for dependent variables were compared among training phases and analyzed using linear mixed models. Results: At CAMP compared with PRE-CAMP, ITL was higher (P < .01), and sleep onset and offset were earlier (P < .01). At this period, sleep interruptions and salivary cortisol were higher (P < .01, d = 1.6, d = 1.9, respectively), and subjective wellness was worsened (P < .01, d = 1.3). At POST-CAMP, the reduction of workload was followed by increased sleep efficiency, reduced sleep interruptions, and moderately affected salivary cortisol, yet overall wellness remained unaltered. In POST-CAMP, 2 of the players demonstrated severe symptoms of illness. Conclusions: At the highest level of the sport and prior to the Olympics, large increments in workload during a training camp induced meaningful sleep interruptions and salivary cortisol increases, both of which were reversed at POST-CAMP. We suggest that the increased workload alongside the inadequate recovery affects sleep patterns and may increase the risk of infection.
Critical Role for the Human Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate Early Proteins in Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II and H3K27Ac To an Enhancer-Like Element in Ori
Lyt
Authors: Forte Eleonora , Li Ming , Ayaloglu Butun Fatma , Hu Qiaolin , Borst Eva Maria , Schipma Matthew J. , Piunti Andrea , Shilatifard Ali , Terhune Scott S. , Abecassis Michael , Meier Jeffery L. , Hummel Mary
Published: January 2023

HCMV is an important human pathogen associated with complications in transplant patients and birth defects. The complex program of viral gene expression is regulated by both viral proteins and host factors.
Genome and Transcriptome Analysis of
Ascochyta pisi
Provides Insights into the Pathogenesis of Ascochyta Blight of Pea
Authors: Liu Na , Liu Chao , Song Yajing , Han Xingmin , Zhang Guwen , Feng Zhijuan , Wang Bin , Bu Yuanpeng , Ou Jinwen , Gong Yaming
Published: January 2023

Ascochyta blight is a major disease of legumes worldwide.
Ascochyta pisi
and other
Ascochyta
species have been identified as pathogens of ascochyta blight. Here, we first report that
A. pisi
causes ascochyta blight of pea in China, and we report the high-quality, fully annotated genome of
A. pisi
.
Does a single bout maximal effort forearm exercise test for determining critical impulse result in maximal oxygen delivery and consumption in men? A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Fenuta Alyssa M. , Drouin Patrick J. , Kohoko Zach I.N. , Lynn Mytchel J.T. , Tschakovsky Michael E.
Published: January 2023

In a single bout maximal effort isometric forearm handgrip exercise test (maximal effort exercise test, MXT), contraction impulse exhibits exponential decay to an asymptote equivalent to critical impulse (CI). It is unknown whether oxygen delivery (O2del) and consumption ([Formula: see text]) achieved at CI are maximal. Healthy men participated in a randomized crossover trial at Queen’s University (Kingston, ON) between October 2017–May 2018. Participants completed an MXT and forearm incremental exercise test to limit of tolerance (IET-LOT) (7 completed MXT followed by IET-LOT vs. 4 completed IET-LOT followed by MXT) within a 2 week period. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Maximal forearm blood flow (FBF) and O2delwere not different in 11 men (21 ± 2.5 years) between MXT and IET-LOT (FBF = 473.8 ± 132.2 mL/min vs. 502.3 ± 152.3 mL/min; P = 0.482, ηp2 = 0.015; O2del= 85.2 ± 23.5 mL/min vs. 92.2 ± 37.0 mL/min; P = 0.456, ηp2 = 0.012). However, MXT resulted in greater maximal [Formula: see text] than IET-LOT (44.5 ± 15.2 mL/min > 36.8 ± 11.4 mL/min; P = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.09), due to greater oxygen extraction (54.0 ± 10.0% > 44.4 ± 8.6%; P = 0.021, ηp2 = 0.185). As CI was 88.6 ± 8.2% of IET-LOT contraction impulse, maximal O2cost of contractions in MXT was greater than IET-LOT (0.45 ± 0.14 mL/min/Ns > 0.33 ± 0.09 mL/min/Ns; P < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.166). In healthy men, MXT identifying CI results in similar peak oxygen delivery but greater peak [Formula: see text] via increased extraction compared to an IET-LOT, indicating increased oxygen cost. MXT-CI may better estimate maximal [Formula: see text] than traditional IET-LOT for this exercise modality.
A Survey of Graph Neural Networks for Recommender Systems: Challenges, Methods, and Directions
Authors: Gao Chen , Zheng Yu , Li Nian , Li Yinfeng , Qin Yingrong , Piao Jinghua , Quan Yuhan , Chang Jianxin , Jin Depeng , He Xiangnan , Li Yong
Published: January 2023

Recommender system is one of the most important information services on today’s Internet. Recently, graph neural networks have become the new state-of-the-art approach to recommender systems. In this survey, we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on graph neural network-based recommender systems. We first introduce the background and the history of the development of both recommender systems and graph neural networks. For recommender systems, in general, there are four aspects for categorizing existing works: stage, scenario, objective, and application. For graph neural networks, the existing methods consist of two categories: spectral models and spatial ones. We then discuss the motivation of applying graph neural networks into recommender systems, mainly consisting of the high-order connectivity, the structural property of data and the enhanced supervision signal. We then systematically analyze the challenges in graph construction, embedding propagation/aggregation, model optimization, and computation efficiency. Afterward and primarily, we provide a comprehensive overview of a multitude of existing works of graph neural network-based recommender systems, following the taxonomy above. Finally, we raise discussions on the open problems and promising future directions in this area. We summarize the representative papers along with their code repositories in
https://github.com/tsinghua-fib-lab/GNN-Recommender-Systems
.
Privacy-Preserving Personalized Fitness Recommender System

P
3
FitRec

: A Multi-level Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Liu Xiao , Gao Bonan , Suleiman Basem , You Han , Ma Zisu , Liu Yu , Anaissi Ali
Published: January 2023

Recommender systems have been successfully used in many domains with the help of machine learning algorithms. However, such applications tend to use multi-dimensional user data, which has raised widespread concerns about the breach of users’ privacy. Meanwhile, wearable technologies have enabled users to collect fitness-related data through embedded sensors to monitor their conditions or achieve personalized fitness goals. In this article, we propose a novel privacy-aware personalized fitness recommender system. We introduce a multi-level deep learning framework that learns important features from a large-scale real fitness dataset that is collected from wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices to derive intelligent fitness recommendations. Unlike most existing approaches, our approach achieves personalization by inferring the fitness characteristics of users from sensory data, minimizing the need for explicitly collecting user identity or biometric information, such as name, age, height, and weight. Our proposed models and algorithms predict (a) personalized exercise distance recommendations to help users to achieve target calories, (b) personalized speed sequence recommendations to adjust exercise speed given the nature of the exercise and the chosen route, and (c) personalized heart rate sequence to guide the user of the potential health status for future exercises. Our experimental evaluation on a real-world Fitbit dataset demonstrated high accuracy in predicting exercise distance, speed sequence, and heart rate sequence compared with similar studies.

1

Furthermore, our approach is novel compared with existing studies, as it does not require collecting and using users’ sensitive information. Thus, it preserves the users’ privacy.
Low-Rank Gradient Descent for Memory-Efficient Training of Deep In-Memory Arrays
Authors: Huang Siyuan , Hoskins Brian D. , Daniels Matthew W. , Stiles Mark D. , Adam Gina C.
Published: January 2023

The movement of large quantities of data during the training of a deep neural network presents immense challenges for machine learning workloads, especially those based on future functional memories deployed to store network models. As the size of network models begins to vastly outstrip traditional silicon computing resources, functional memories based on flash, resistive switches, magnetic tunnel junctions, and other technologies can store these new ultra-large models. However, new approaches are then needed to minimize hardware overhead, especially on the movement and calculation of gradient information that cannot be efficiently contained in these new memory resources. To do this, we introduce streaming batch principal component analysis (SBPCA) as an update algorithm. Streaming batch principal component analysis uses stochastic power iterations to generate a stochastic rank-
k
approximation of the network gradient. We demonstrate that the low-rank updates produced by streaming batch principal component analysis can effectively train convolutional neural networks on a variety of common datasets, with performance comparable to standard mini-batch gradient descent. Our approximation is made in an expanded vector form that can efficiently be applied to the rows and columns of crossbars for array-level updates. These results promise improvements in the design of application-specific integrated circuits based around large vector-matrix multiplier memories.
A Large-Scale Characterization of How Readers Browse Wikipedia
Authors: Piccardi Tiziano , Gerlach Martin , Arora Akhil , West Robert
Published: January 2023

Despite the importance and pervasiveness of Wikipedia as one of the largest platforms for open knowledge, surprisingly little is known about how people navigate its content when seeking information. To bridge this gap, we present the first systematic large-scale analysis of how readers browse Wikipedia. Using billions of page requests from Wikipedia’s server logs, we measure how readers reach articles, how they transition between articles, and how these patterns combine into more complex navigation paths. We find that navigation behavior is characterized by highly diverse structures. Although most navigation paths are shallow, comprising a single pageload, there is much variety, and the depth and shape of paths vary systematically with topic, device type, and time of day. We show that Wikipedia navigation paths commonly mesh with external pages as part of a larger online ecosystem, and we describe how naturally occurring navigation paths are distinct from targeted navigation in lab-based settings. Our results further suggest that navigation is abandoned when readers reach low-quality pages. Taken together, these insights contribute to a more systematic understanding of readers’ information needs and allow for improving their experience on Wikipedia and the Web in general.
An Immunogenic Cell Death‐Related Gene Signature Reflects Immune Landscape and Predicts Prognosis in Melanoma Independently of BRAF V600E Status
Authors: Chen Lizhu , Wen Yaoming , Xiong Jiani , Chen Yu , Chen Chuan-ben
Published: January 2023

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of regulated cell death that can activate adaptive immune response, and its ability to reshape the tumor microenvironment via multiple mechanisms may contribute to immunotherapy. The treatment options for patients with skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) vary based on BRAF V600E statuses. However, all standard treatments include immunotherapy. Therefore, it is critical to identify ICD‐associated signatures that can help classify patients according to benefits from ICD immunotherapy. In this study, data on melanoma samples with BRAF V600E mutation (BRAF V600E‐mutant melanoma) and melanoma samples with wild‐type BRAF V600E alleles (BRAF V600E WT melanoma) were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The ICD‐related (ICD‐high and ICD‐low) subgroups of patients with BRAF V600E WT melanoma were established via consensus clustering. The analyses of survival, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional annotation, and immune landscape were performed in these two subgroups. Results showed that ICD‐high subgroup was correlated with a positive overall survival (OS) and active tumor immune landscape. A model comprising seven prognosis ICD‐related gene biomarkers was developed. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluation in both cohorts with BRAF V600E WT and BRAF V600E‐mutant melanoma showed an accurate prognostic estimation of ICD‐related risk signature. There was a correlation between immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response and risk score. Thus, the ICD risk signature was closely associated with the tumor’s immune microenvironment. Our results may provide insights to further individualize and improve precision therapeutic decision‐making in BRAF V600E‐mutant and WT melanoma.
Hypoxia-Elicited Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate Myocardial Infarction by Promoting Angiogenesis through the miR-214/Sufu Pathway
Authors: Shao Lianbo , Chen Yihuan , Li Jingjing , Chao Jingfan , Yang Ziying , Ding Yinglong , Shen Han , Chen Yueqiu , Shen Zhenya
Published: January 2023

Objective. Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Angiogenesis in the infarct border zone is vital for heart function restoration after myocardial infarction. Hypoxia-induced MSC modification is a safe and effective approach for angiogenesis in clinical therapy; however, the mechanism still requires further investigation. In our study, we preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs) with hypoxia and isolated the small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to promote cardiac repair. We also investigated the potential mechanisms. Method. huMSCs were preconditioned with hypoxia (1% O2 and 5% CO2 at 37°C for 48 hours), and their sEVs were isolated using the Total Exosome Isolation reagent kit. To explore the role of miR-214 in MSC-derived sEVs, sEVs with low miR-214 expression were prepared by transfecting miR-214 inhibitor into huMSCs before hypoxia pretreatment. Scratch assays and tube formation assays were performed in sEVs cocultured with HUVECs to assess the proangiogenic capability of MSC-sEVs and MSChyp-sEVs. Rat myocardial infarction models were used to investigate the ability of miR-214-differentially expressed sEVs in cardiac repair. Echocardiography, Masson’s staining, and immunohistochemical staining for CD31 were performed to assess cardiac function, the ratio of myocardial fibrosis, and the capillary density after sEV implantation. The potential mechanism by which MSChyp-sEVs enhance angiogenesis was explored in vitro by RT–qPCR and western blotting. Results. Tube formation and scratch assays demonstrated that the proangiogenic capability of huMSC-derived sEVs was enhanced by hypoxia pretreatment. Echocardiography and Masson’s staining showed greater improvements in heart function and less ventricular remodeling after MSChyp-sEV transplantation. The angiogenic capability was reduced following miR-214 knockdown in MSChyp-sEVs. Furthermore, Sufu, a target of miR-214, was decreased, and hedgehog signaling was activated in HUVECs. Conclusion. We found that hypoxia induced miR-214 expression both in huMSCs and their sEVs. Transplantation of MSChyp-sEVs into a myocardial infarction model improved cardiac repair by increasing angiogenesis. Mechanistically, MSChyp-sEVs promote HUVEC tube formation and migration by transferring miR-214 into recipient cells, inhibiting Sufu expression, and activating the hedgehog pathway. Hypoxia-induced vesicle modification is a feasible way to restore heart function after myocardial infarction.
Assessing Potential Factors Influencing the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Radiation in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Huilin , Cao Dedong , Zhou Dingjie , He Anbing , Ge Wei , Xu Ximing
Published: January 2023

Objective. Recent evidence suggests that combining radiotherapy (RT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may result in better outcomes. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of ICI plus radiation versus ICI alone and explored potential factors affecting its efficacy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods. The databases including PubMed and Embase were searched to retrieve eligible studies comparing the efficacy and safety outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients after ICIs ± RT treatments. We performed subgroup analyses to identify potential prognostic factors from radiation details and study types. The odds ratio (OR) of objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), hazard ratio (HR) of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and risk ratio (RR) of adverse events were used to represent the outcome effects. Results. 26 eligible studies with 14192 cases were included. The results showed that the ORR (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.93;

p

 = 0.02) and DCR (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.82;

p

 < 0.01) of RT + ICIs groups were significantly higher than those of the ICIs alone group. The median PFS and OS for ICIs versus RT + ICIs were 2.2 versus 4.4 months and 9.0 versus 13.4 months, respectively. Patients in the ICIs plus RT group had a significantly better PFS (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.81;

p

 < 0.01) and OS (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.83;

p

 < 0.01) when compared to those in the ICIs group. In terms of adverse events, the risk of pneumonia was not significantly increased in patients treated with both ICIs and RT when compared to ICIs group alone (risk ratio = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.44;

p

 = 0.63). The correlation analysis found that PFS was significantly correlated with OS (p = 0.02). The subgroup analysis results showed that significant improvements in OS were observed in non-palliative RT group (HR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.65;

p

 < 0.01) and extracranial RT group (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.83;

p

 < 0.01). RT type could also be a prognostic factor associated with the OS (for conventional RT: HR = 0.68 and

p

 = 0.22; for stereotactic body radiation therapy: HR = 0.77 and

p

 < 0.01). However, concerning RT timing, the results showed a similar trend in reducing mortality risk (for previous RT: HR = 0.64 and

p

 = 0.21; for concurrent RT: HR = 0.35 and

p

 = 0.16). Conclusion. RT plus ICIs is associated with improved survival for advanced NSCLC patients, especially for those with non-palliative RT. Further clinical trials are needed to validate its effect on survival outcomes.
Microgravity Monitoring in Fractured-Vuggy Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Du Chunhui , Yin Changhe , Cheng Hong , Yuan Feiyu , Zhao Yang
Published: January 2023

With the development of Tahe Oilfield entering the high water cut stage, gas channeling occurs in fractured-vuggy system during nitrogen injection, resulting in some inefficient wells. To improve the development effect of gas flooding, how to define the distribution of fracture, vuggy, and remaining oil has become one of the urgent problems to be solved at present. Microgravity monitoring technology uses high-quality data, the residual gravity anomaly of the target layer is obtained by depth recursion processing, the density distribution of the target layer is obtained by layer density inversion, and the fractured-vuggy distribution is depicted by edge detection. The results show that the lower part of the fractured-vuggy system in the north is connected to the middle, while the fractured-vuggy system in the south is directly connected to the middle, which leads to different effects of injected nitrogen. The early injected nitrogen in the SX area is mainly distributed in the north. Nitrogen injection in the north needs to reach a certain amount of gas before the middle can be effective. Nitrogen is injected in the south, and the central part is effective quickly. The research results provide a basis for adjusting injection-production scheme and improving reservoir development effect. Compared with the production performance and seismic interpretation results, it verifies the accuracy of ultradeep microgravity monitoring in depicting the development of fractured-vuggy system, which provides a new technology and idea for characterizing fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.
The Effect of Clinically Indicated Liraglutide on Pericoronary Adipose Tissue in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Biesenbach Irmelin I. A. , Heinsen Laurits J. , Overgaard Katrine S. , Andersen Thomas R. , Auscher Søren , Egstrup Kenneth
Published: January 2023

Vascular inflammation can be detected in the pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) attenuation. Treatment with liraglutide is associated with anti-inflammatory effects and reduces cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients. This study is aimed at examining the effect of clinically indicated liraglutide on PCAT attenuation. Asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and without known ischemic heart disease underwent clinical examination, blood analysis, and CCTA. The main coronary arteries were outlined and PCAT attenuation was measured on the proximal 40 mm. Patients treated with liraglutide on a clinical indication were compared to patients not receiving liraglutide. The study included 190 patients; 53 (28%) received liraglutide (Lira+) and 137 (72%) did not (Lira-). There were no significant differences in PCAT attenuation between the two groups in either artery. However, PCAT attenuation measured around the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was lower in the Lira+ group after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and T2DM duration (

b

coefficient -2.4,

p
=
0.029

). In a population of cardiac asymptomatic T2DM patients, treatment with clinically indicated liraglutide was not associated with differences in PCAT attenuation compared to nonliraglutide treatment in the unadjusted model. An association was seen in the adjusted model for the left anterior descending artery, possibly indicating an anti-inflammatory effect.
A Data Classifier Based on Maximum Likelihood Evidential Reasoning Rule
Authors: He Hong , Zhang Xuelin , Xu Xiaobin , Li Zhongrong , Bai Yu , Liu Fang , Steyskal Felix , Brunauer Georg
Published: January 2023

In Dempster–Shafer evidence theory (DST), some classical evidence combination rules can be used to fuse the multiple pieces of evidence, respectively abstracted from different attributes (features) so as to increase the accuracy of multiattribute classification decision making. However, most of them have not yet considered the interdependence among multiple pieces of evidence. The newly proposed maximum likelihood evidential reasoning (MAKER) rule measures such ubiquitous interdependence by introducing correlation factors into evidence combination. Hence, this paper designs a MAKER‐based classifier to mine more correlation information for data classification. Finally, some numerical analysis (classification) experiments are carried out using five popular benchmark databases from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) to illustrate that the refined measure for evidence interdependence can aggregate the fused probability (belief degree) into real class label of a sample and further improve classification accuracy.
Downregulation of LncRNA SNHG7 Sensitizes Colorectal Cancer Cells to Resist Anlotinib by Regulating miR-181a-5p/GATA6
Authors: Pan Deng , Chen Kehe , Chen Ping , Liu Yu , Wu Yingying , Huang Jingning
Published: January 2023

Long noncoding RNAs are a novel class of regulators in human cancers. It has been reported that small nucleolar RNA hostgene 7 (SNHG7) can sponge microRNAs to regulate colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Given its important regulatory role in cancer biology, we wondered whether SNHG7 is involved in drug resistance to anlotinib (ATB) in CRC. To answer this, we quantified the expression of SNHG7 by quantitative real-time PCR. We performed the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Colony formation assay, flow cytometric analysis, RNA pull-down, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assay, and Luciferase reporter assay to confirm the interaction among SNHG7, miR-181a-5p, and GATA6. We found that SNHG7 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines and ATB-resistant cell lines, which was closely related to the poor overall survival of patients. Loss-of-function studies demonstrated that SNHG7 knockdown can inhibit CRC cell proliferation, increase apoptosis, and sensitize CRC cells to resist ATB. Mechanistic studies showed that SNHG7 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA to sponge miR-181a-5p to regulate the expression of GATA6, thereby promoting ATB resistance in ATB-resistant cell lines. In conclusion, SNHG7 plays an important role in ATB resistance, and it may be used to monitor ATB resistance in CRC.
Determination of Nutritional and Biochemical Composition of Selected Pleurotus spps.
Authors: Irshad Asma , Tahir Aisha , Sharif Sumaira , Khalid Aisha , Ali Sajed , Naz Alisha , Sadia Haleema , Ameen Ayesha
Published: January 2023

The global demand for good quality food is going to be increased gradually. Mushrooms are broadly used as healthy nutritious meals. The nutritional values of extracts from four distinct Pleurotus species—Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor-caju, Pleurotus sapidus, and Pleurotus columbinus—were determined in the current study. Firstly, proximate analysis of selected Pleurotus species was performed followed by the Bradford assay to analyze the protein spectrophotometrically; high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed for sugar determination while GC‐MS was done to determine fatty acids on organic extracts of selected mushrooms. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the percentages while significance was determined by SPSS statistics. The results depicted that fat, protein, ash, fiber, energy contents, and total carbohydrate were in the range of 0.64‐2.02%, 16.07‐25.15%, 2.1‐9.14%, 6.21‐54.12%, 342.20‐394.30 kcal/100 g, and 65.66‐82.47%, respectively. The protein’s maximum concentration was observed in P. ostreatus followed by P. columbinus>P. sajor-caju>P. sapidus, sequentially. Various sugars may or may not be present in selected Pleurotus spps. Among the fatty acids, the prevalence of UFA was more than that of saturated fatty acids among all selected mushrooms. From this study, it is concluded that all four Pleurotus spps. have excellent nutritional composition and can be used as valuable food and a great source of biochemical compounds.
Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Possible Innovative Therapeutic Tool in Facial Nerve Injury Treatment
Authors: Szabłowska-Gadomska Ilona , Rudziński Stefan , Dymowska Marta
Published: January 2023

Facial nerve palsy is a serious neurological condition that strongly affects patient everyday life. Standard treatments provide insufficient improvement and are burdened with the risk of severe complications, e.g., facial synkinesis. Mesenchymal stromal cell‐based therapies are a novel and extensively developed field which offers new treatment approaches with promising results in regards to the nervous tissue regeneration. The potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to aid the regeneration of damaged nerves has been demonstrated in several preclinical models, as well as in several clinical trials. However, therapies based on cell transplantation are difficult to standardize in the manner similar to that of routine clinical practices. On the other hand, treatments based on mesenchymal stromal cell secretome harness the proregenerative features of mesenchymal stromal cells but relay on a product with measurable parameters that can be put through standardization procedures and deliver a fully controllable end‐product. Utilization of mesenchymal stromal cell secretome allows the controlled dosage and standardization of the components to maximize the therapeutic potential and ensure safety of the end‐product.
Development of Best Evidence Dosing Recommendations for Term and Preterm Neonates (NeoDose Project)
Authors: de Hoop-Sommen Marika A. , van der Zanden Tjitske M. , Allegaert Karel , Flint Robert B. , Simons Sinno H.P. , de Wildt Saskia N. ,   Working group Neonatal Pharmacology (NeoDose project)
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Many drugs are used off-label in neonates which leads to large variation in prescribed drugs and dosages in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The NeoDose project aimed to develop best evidence dosing recommendations (DRs) for term and preterm neonates using a three-step approach: 1) drug selection, 2) establishing consensus-based DRs, and 3) establishing best evidence DRs. Methods: The selection of drugs was based on frequency of prescribing, availability of a neonatal DR in the Dutch Pediatric Formulary, and the labeling status. Clinical need, pharmacological diversity, and Working Group Neonatal Pharmacology (WGNP) preferences were also taken into account, using a consensus-based approach. For the second step, we requested local dosing protocols from all ten Dutch NICUs and established consensus-based DRs within the WGNP, consisting of neonatologists, clinical pharmacologists, hospital pharmacists, and researchers. In the third step, the consensus-based DRs were compared with the available literature, using standardized PubMed searches. Results: Fourteen drugs were selected for which the local dosing protocols were collected. These protocols differed mostly in total daily dose, dosing frequency, and/or route of administration. Strikingly, almost none of the dosing protocols of these 14 drugs distinguished between preterm and term neonates. The working group established consensus-based DRs, which after literature review needed modification in 56%, mainly in terms of a dose increase. Finally, we established 37 best evidence DRs, 22 for preterm and 15 for term neonates, representing 19 indications. Conclusion: This project showed the successful three-step approach for the development of DRs for term and preterm neonates.
Factors influencing engineering students for choosing techno-entrepreneurship as a career: An implication for better learning
Authors: Belmonte Zachariah John Aviles , Lira Pamela Eyre Victoria R.
Published: January 2023

Techno-entrepreneurship is critical to the growth of society as a useful technique for overcoming youth unemployment. However, the growth of techno-entrepreneurship has been limited with the end outcome being less than satisfying. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the possibility of choosing techno-entrepreneurship as a profession among engineering students in the Philippines. There were 200 engineering students selected by stratified random sampling and the significance of the factors was then determined using Pearson correlation analysis. Based on the findings, students’ likelihood of choosing techno-entrepreneurship as a career was not influenced by their equipment availability but by their e-commerce experience, geographical location, and internet ability. This implies the need for academic personnel and instructors teaching techno-entrepreneurship courses to guarantee students have relevant technopreneur knowledge, skills, and competencies that value students’ creativity and innovation to encourage techno-entrepreneurship as a profession.
An annotated catalogue of Indian Lasiocampidae (Lasiocampoidea, Lepidoptera)
Authors: JOSHI RAHUL , SINGH NAVNEET , AHMAD JALIL
Published: January 2023

We catalogue 100 species (including nominotypic subspecies) and five subspecies in 35 genera of Lasiocampinae, Lasiocampidae from India. This represents 5% of the 1,952 species of Global Lasiocampidae. Information on types (locality and depository), synonymy, diversity and distribution in different biogeographic zones of India alongwith global records, contribution of various authors on Indian Lasiocampidae is provided. Apart from seven doubtful records, clarifications are given as remarks wherever needed. Additionally, Streblote alpherakyi (Christoph, 1885) and Odontocraspis collieri Zolotuhin & Witt, 2000a are reported for the first time from India.
Workplace Context to Prevent Substance Misuse in the United States: Associations Between workplace Policies and Employee Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Park Daejun , Minnick Dane
Published: January 2023

Workplace policies are important because employee rates of alcohol and drug misuse can be associated with work-related risk factors in the United States. To explore the associations, this study analyzed the 2010–2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health datasets. The overall sample size was 130,726, and the SUD outcome variables included alcohol, marijuana, pain reliever, and illicit drug use disorders. 20% of participants reported no substance use policies in their workplace. Significant associations were identified between all four measured SUD outcome variables, the presence of specific substance use workplace policies, and individual employment sectors. Specifically, comprehensive policies out of six policies were significantly associated with decreased SUDs in nearly every employment sector. The results of this study suggest that workplace substance use policies are important to prevent the development of employee SUDs and comprehensive policies in place can be most effective.