bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of WIPO and WTO in International Intellectual Property Disputes
Authors: Wen Yuchen
Published: May 2022

Concerning about the international intellectual property protection and dispute resolutions, it is cannot be denied that WIPO and TRIPS regime of the World Trade Organization have an important role in the whole issue. However, recent years some of the problems of international trade frictions have exposed challenges for these two international organizations. This paper aims to review the history and development of the two international organizations, and analyze their organizational nature and responsibilities. While discuss the new challenges, this paper analysis the role that the two international organizations can play in the current international protection of intellectual property rights. And explore the possibility that in the future, WIPO will gradually integrate into regional dispute settlement; WTO would might give a full play to the characteristics of trade agreements and the possible adjustment direction.
Legal Regulation of Algorithmic Discrimination
Authors: Zhu Zhi
Published: May 2022

Algorithmic discrimination is a kind of unreasonable, unequal treatment based on algorithms, which is widely existing in all areas of our social and economic life. Compared with traditional discrimination, algorithmic discrimination is inherent, professional and concealed. In practice, both market forces and government regulation have certain limitations in regulating algorithmic discrimination. On the one hand, enterprise autonomy often fails due to benefit considerations, while industry self-discipline lacks a set of mature and effective rules. On the other hand, in addition to the lack of complete algorithm review mechanisms and accountability systems, government supervision is also limited by technical regulatory difficulties. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the legislation of algorithmic discrimination, set up algorithm review institutions, establish algorithm review mechanisms and strengthen industry and enterprise self-discipline.
A Semiotic Analysis of the Objectification and Sexualization of Women in East Asia: Exploring the Role of Fashion Magazine
Authors: Wang Mianchen
Published: May 2022

The media has, for decades, been a tool through which the objectification and sexualization of women have been perpetuated. The research question pertains to whether East Asian magazines also encourage the perception of women as sexual objects. This research investigated four East Asian magazines, namely, VIVI, Korean Allure, Chinese Beauty, and Chinese ELLE, using the semiotic analysis to determine the extent to which the cover models clothing style and make-ups were used to sexualize and objectify East Asian women. Although some countries like Korea have tried to eliminate women's fetishization, others still insist on promoting sexualized images of women to protect their magazine sales and because of the power of the male gaze. The author argued that fashion magazine should be used more efficiently as a platform where women are empowered to express themselves outside the stereotypical sexualization and objectification of women perpetrated by the male gaze.
Color Symbolism and American Dream in Luhrmanns The Great Gatsby
Authors: Wei Lai
Published: May 2022

Luhrmanns movie version of The Great Gatsby has caused many discussions and debates in the area of literary analysis. This paper would argue that Luhrmann manages to gain commercial success in the film. While the director recreates the scenes that demonstrated color symbolism, the color symbolism suggests different meanings from the book; and that is because the director changes certain important plot in the book, which exaggerates Gatsbys pure love to Daisy at the expense of undermining the complexity of Gatsbys character and his American Dream that based on materialism. With the help of secondary sources, this paper will expand on analyzing how color symbolism, which includes the green light and the main characters clothes, illustrate different themes between the book and the movie.
Chinese Reception of Magic Lantern During the Late Qing Dynasty: Study of the Name Change from Huandeng to Yingxi
Authors: Yu Jiayin
Published: May 2022

This paper illustrates the changing of Magic Lanterns Chinese name after its landing in China. Magic Lantern, as an ancient precursor of the modern cinema, experienced a long-term development that plays an increasingly important role in our modern life. The change of its Chinese name shows the Chinese perception of this apparatus. People neglected the alternative paths of cinema when the cinema becoming into an entertainment stereotype for the public. This paper will look back to the beginning of the perception history of this apparatus, rethink the history writing method, and try to discover an alternative approach to understand cinema.
The Development of Racial Attitudes among Chinese Adolescents and Adults
Authors: Zhang Chenhao
Published: May 2022

Race and race-related issues are pervasive in the United States, causing detrimental consequences at individual and societal levels. Not only in the United states, racial conflict also exists in racially homogeneous countries, such as China, given the rising economic development and cultural communications between Chinese society and other nations. The present article aims to reveal the development of racial attitudes among Chinese adolescents and adults. We assessed implicit and explicit racial attitudes toward Black and White people among 60 Chinese participants (M age = 18.04; 34 female). Participants implicit racial attitudes were measured via an Implicit Association Test (IAT), and their explicit racial attitudes were measured via an explicit scale. We found that Chinese adolescents and adults displayed both implicit and explicit racial biases against black people; however, they did not show implicit or explicit racial biases against white people. We also found that participants implicit and explicit racial biases were not affected by their age or gender.
Comparison and Analysis of Feminism in China and the West: A Case Study of the 1950s
Authors: Wang Xiaopei
Published: May 2022

1950 is a very special period for the development of feminism in both China and the West. The Peoples Republic of China was just established and the West was experiencing the second wave of feminist. However, the feminism in these two areas developed in different ways, that Chinses feminism is the state feminism while the West is liberal feminism. This kind of difference results from the different social environment, especially the political policy in China and the West. The Communist Party of China took feminism as a tool to consolidate socialist construction, so it launched the feminist movement from top to bottom. The second feminism in the West is a bottom-up movement for women to fight for their own rights and interests, and they use magazines and other mass media as a means of struggle. By comparing the difference of the feminism in China and the West, the flaws of these two kinds of development of feminism could also be shown.
Research on We Media and MCN Development
Authors: Cao Anmeng
Published: May 2022

"We Media" has risen rapidly and recently become an inseparable part of people's lives. Its diversification, Civilization, and Generalization are the main factors for the rapid development of "We Media." However, the "We Media" industry's proliferation has brought about two problems: the sustainability of content creation and the difficulty of realization caused by the single profit model. Many content creators find it difficult to survive in an expanding marketplace due to a lack of professional content. MCN companies were born at this time. As a medium between content creators and online platforms, MCN companies can provide better publicity for content creators and create a suitable business model. This paper analyzes the current situation and prospect of "We Media" and MCN companies to provide better development direction for "We Media" and MCN companies.
Reanalysis of Gapless Relative Clause
Authors: Cao Siyuan
Published: May 2022

This paper compares the two most common analyses of gapless relative clause such as Zhangsan tan gangqin de shengyin (literally, the sound of Zhangsans playing the piano) in Mandarin Chinese. Such construction is analyzed to hold either a noun-complement relation [1, 2] or a predicate-subject relation [3] between the Head noun and its gapless relative clause. This paper rather rejects both analyses by collecting and analyzing more data of gapless relative clause, regular relative clause and appositive clause, suggesting such gapless relative construction to be independently existent from the other two constructions.
Research on Bilingual Phenomena in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture
Authors: He Xiaohan
Published: May 2022

Taking the bilingual phenomena in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture as the research object, this article reviews the trend and development direction of Korean language evolution in Yanbian by examining the language variation in the long-term Korean-Chinese bilingual contact in the region and the changes of language attitudes and language use among the Korean nationality. The results show that the use of Korean is weakened, and some young Korean minorities switch to another language. Therefore, this article proposes that Yanbian should focused on bilingual education, optimize national language textbooks, increase Korean-Chinese national cultural courses, improve the quality of bilingual teachers, connect parents, schools and society, and strengthen national identity.
Mobile Assisted Language Learning: Cognitive Load and Task Motivation
Authors: Lan Luo
Published: May 2022

This study explores the relationship between cognitive load and task motivation of three listening-based tasks via mobile assisted language learning (MALL). The investigation was conducted with 65 English language learners in three WeChat groups in China. A cognitive load questionnaire and a task motivation questionnaire were administered to the participants. Using a quantitative method approach to the study, we have found that the participants perceived low cognitive load did not necessarily have an inverse relationship with task motivation, which depended on the germane cognitive load and a balance between the intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load. Only when there was a certain amount of germane load and intrinsic cognitive load, and the amount of the intrinsic and the extraneous cognitive load was in a balance, was the task motivation predictable. This study can shed light on task designers and future research to plan and integrate a mobile language learning pedagogical framework.
How Does Maternal Depression Relate to Maternal Elaboration?
Authors: Jiang Yiyun
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to validate a scheme to code maternal elaboration in a non-memory context in order to explore its relation with maternal depression both concurrently and longitudinally. The study explored the maternal depression at four time points (8, 15, 26, 44 months after giving birth) and five coding styles of maternal conversation. The coding styles for maternal conversation were as follows: MQ-Elab, YN-Elab, ST-Elab, CONF, and REP. The study indicated that the maternal depression showed a negative correlation with styles of maternal conversation at the 8-month age. The correlation between maternal depression and maternal elaboration has become weaker as time goes by. These findings suggested that the maternal depression was correlated with the maternal elaboration, providing both theoretical and practical contributions for future research and application in reality.
Research on Online Education of English Listening and Speaking
Authors: Li Aihui
Published: May 2022

With the continuous development of the Internet, the sharing and opening of highquality resources not only improves the level of educational resources serving teaching, but also bring opportunities and challenges to the reform of junior high school education and teaching. Under the background of a global COVID-19 outbreak, the whole-time and wholescale online education is a necessary teaching approach in the pandemic situation. Based on the inevitable advent of the era of online education, this paper takes the junior high school online English listening and speaking courses as its study object. From the perspective of studying online listening and speaking education and with relevant teaching theories, it tries to put forward solutions to the problems existing in the current online education of English listening and speaking through analyzing the problems in English teaching on the est100 platform. There is much research on the teaching of junior high school students' English listening and speaking ability, but little from the perspective of online education. On the basis of existing research results, this paper discusses the shortcomings of current online English listening and speaking education with cases, and puts forward suggestions for improvement, so as to provide reference for further optimization of online English listening and speaking education.
The Development Trend of Examination-oriented Education and Quality Education in China: Learning from British and America Educational System
Authors: Wang Luochun
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to research the differences and connection between examination-oriented education and quality education which are two significant educational systems nowadays. Based on the concrete phenomenon in China, British and United States, offering some proposals on Chinese educational system, and combine advanced educational concepts and guaranteed accountability system in British and US to lead a new way for Chinese quality education. Psychological method is also a valid method for Chinese high schools so that the students can feel the advantages of quality education.
Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression During COVID-19
Authors: Guo Jingzhe , Song Zhaojie
Published: May 2022

Many social problems have been highlighted by COVID-19. The perinatal mental health of pregnant women is closely related to the newborn's health and the stability and harmony of family. However, there are few studies on postpartum depression in China. In this study, single-factor analysis and multivariate logistics regression analysis will be used to explore the high-risk factors of postpartum depression in COVID-19.From October 2020 to February 2021, the basic information of 388 puerperas from two cities in central and Northwest China, Xinxiang and Xi'an, were collected, including occupation, age, education, religious belief, nationality, partner companion time during pregnancy, major life-influenced events in the past six months, cognition of COVID-19, and gender and health of the newborn. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was used for psychological evaluation. SPSS 13.0 was used for univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. According to the Edinburgh Depression Scale, 45 cases were classified into the depression group (score 13), and 343 cases were classified into the normal group (score < 13).The statistical results of general and clinical data showed that there was no significant correlation between occupation, nationality, weekly accompanying time, or age and postpartum depression (P > 0.05). In logistic multivariate regression analysis, the risk of postpartum depression in pregnant women with neonatal diseases was about 2.23 times higher than that of healthy pregnant women (OR = 2.233). When pregnant women believed that COVID-19 had a negative impact on the health of their newborns, their risk of postpartum depression was 3.31 times higher than that of perinatal women who did not(OR=3.314). This study explored the risk factors of postpartum depression in COVID-19, hoping to provide a method for prevention and treatment.
An Examination of Individual Differences in Conformity
Authors: Guo Jingtian
Published: May 2022

The current work aimed to examine how individual differences affect rates of conformity and further reflects upon how this may relate to coronavirus safety behaviors today. This is a theoretical paper that covers literature from both meta-analyses and experimental work, reviewing the principles and processes underlying an individual's likelihood to conform under different internal and external factors. Specifically, this work will address individual differences on the basis of age, sex, personality, and culture, and will then integrate how these traits may be at play when conforming (or not) to the COVID-19 safety procedures (i.e. wearing a mask, social distancing, and washing hands). The paper concludes that rates of conformity among individuals tend to decrease with increasing age, females tend to show a higher level of conformity, people with a personality marked by high stability conform more than people with greater plasticity in their personality, and collectivist cultures result in a higher level of conformity than individualist cultures.
Mindfulness Relationship with Peoples Performance on Academic Problems
Authors: Huang Stephen
Published: May 2022

In this research, the subjects are going to be people who were asked to take an online survey. They were given academic problems to test if thinking mindfully could help someone to perform better than average while dealing with academic problems. For other researches that are about mindfulness, many other important fields were tested such as law fields and designing fields. This research is going to test people on their performance on academic problems, something that was not previously done in other research. After the research, the results showed that people who were given try did a little better than those who were given do. However, those results are only based on a small scale of people and need further research to make the result more believable.
The Literature review of Influencing Factors of Chinese Youth with Character Disorders
Authors: Sun Ruohan
Published: May 2022

As one of the frequent behavioral disorders among adolescents, the urgency of research on conduct disorder cannot be ignored. With the guide of ecological systems theory, this research summarizes and synthesizes four aspects: individual, family, school, and society, then points out the shortcomings and gaps of existing research, in order to provide references and new research directions for future studies.
The Influencing Factors and Intervention of Adolescent School Bullying
Authors: Zhou Xinyu
Published: May 2022

Bullying is a repetitive ofefensive behavior intended to harm and with asymmetric power. School bullying is a special bullying behavior in which students are the mainparticipants. It has varying degrees of negativ Impact on the adolescents involved. In recent years, school bullying incidents have emerged one after another, and have received extensive attention from researchers. Research on school bullying has gradually been enriched. This paper reviews previous studies on bullying behavior in schools, and explores and summarizes the factors that lead to bullying behavior in adolescents from four main aspects: personal, family, school, and social environment, as well as some intervention methods for these influencing factors, hoping to provide theoretical support for establishing more effective intervention and prevention measures. Bullying is a repetitive ofefensive behavior intended to harm and with asymmetric power. School bullying is a special bullying behavior in which students are the mainparticipants. It has varying degrees of negativ Impact on the adolescents involved. In recent years, school bullying incidents have emerged one after another, and have received extensive attention from researchers. Research on school bullying has gradually been enriched. This paper reviews previous studies on bullying behavior in schools, and explores and summarizes the factors that lead to bullying behavior in adolescents from four main aspects: personal, family, school, and social environment, as well as some intervention methods for these influencing factors, hoping to provide theoretical support for establishing more effective intervention and prevention measures.
The Relationship between Parental Psychological Control and Depression in Junior High School Students: The Chain Mediating Effect of Psychological Capital and Loneliness
Authors: Zhang Jiaying
Published: May 2022

The relationship between parenting style and adolescent depression is a heated topic in the research of the pathogenesis of the latter. This paper explores the role of psychological capital and loneliness in the relationship between parental psychological control and depression through a questionnaire survey of junior high school students. The results showed that psychological capital and loneliness played a chain mediating role in between. This study makes clear that parental psychological control worsens adolescents' depressive symptoms by reducing their psychological capital and enhancing their loneliness.
Influence of Digital Environment on Formation of Cross-cultural Interaction Experience in Professional Education
Authors: Filatova Oksana L. , Ushakova Yuliya Y. , AllakHverdieva Leila M. , Nesterenko Julia N. , Mutalimov Verdi A. , Grigorieva Lyudmila V.
Published: May 2022

The article proposes an understanding of digital transformation as a two-way process of technological improvement of equipment and updating methods of knowing the surrounding world, producing knowledge at a new technological level. The authors emphasize that the activities of a teacher of professional education go beyond technical competencies and point to the need to understand the methodology of the knowledge resource of digital technologies, including in the formation of softskills. The authors believe that the study of cross-cultural interactions in socio-economic disciplines increases resistance to the uncertainty of digital transition, expands the understanding of the multiplicity of multicultural society, forms skills of intercultural cooperation, respect for other cultures, traditions and languages, without reducing the importance of national features and traditions in professional education.
Acupuncture for the Treatment of Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shi Shuwei
Published: May 2022

Eating disorders are mental health disorders which involve severe problems with thoughts about food and eating behaviors. Acupuncture, an intangible cultural heritage of China, is well known for its ability to release stress and pain. Previous studies suggest that acupuncture has positive effects on treating eating disorders though its effectiveness remains uncertain. A systematic review which illustrated the effects of acupuncture in comparison of other medications was conducted. This review focuses on ten clinical trials published between 2010 and 2020 in Google Scholar and two Chinese databases (i.e. WANGFANG DATA and ZHIWANG). The results have confirmed that acupuncture plays an important role in treating Anorexia, including improvement in patients' Quality of Life and anxiety relief. Evidence has also confirmed the positive effects of pricking Sifeng acupuncture point on treating Infantile Anorexia. In sum, acupuncture is a promising complementary therapy for treating eating disorders. However, further high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCT) with standardized acupuncture protocols are required for each specific eating disorder to validate the treatment effect.
Depression and Sleep Quality: A Network Analysis
Authors: Chen Kathy
Published: May 2022

Multiple studies have supported the bi-directional relationship between sleep and depression. However, by adopting the latent constructs of depression and sleep quality, previous studies failed to map relationships among individual symptoms. To address the limitation, this study applied network analysis to investigate the relationships among individual nodes of sleep quality and depression. In specific, this study identified the most central node and bridges across these two conditions. Gaussian graphical models (GGM) of depression symptoms and aspects of sleep quality were calculated using the R package qgraph. By using the bridge functions in the networktools, this study found little relationship among individual items of sleep quality and depression. Moreover, sleep quality nodes served as the main bridges between sleep and depression. The network approach offered insights regarding the link between sleep and depression, which provided a more nuanced understanding of how depression and sleep quality are related.
Asian-Americans in COVID-19: A Literature Review of Mental Health Status and Service Use
Authors: Li Yue , Wang Zixuan , Li Wei
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Reports of racial discrimination against Asian Americans has surged during the Covid-19 pandemic. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of Asian Americans' mental health status during Covid-19 and an assessment of the barriers and disparities within Asian Americans mental health service delivery. Methods: Four databases and the publisher The Lancet were chosen to search journal articles regarding Asian Americans' mental health status and service use. The increasing racial discrimination was examined as a critical parameter to assess Asian Americans' mental health status. The accessibility of mental health services and the responsiveness of Asian Americans appropriate needs were studied by gender, subgroups and other moderating factors. Results: A total of 49 studies met the review criteria. Asian Americans encountered increasing coronavirus-related discrimination and presented a deteriorated mental health state during Covid-19. A high rate of informal/non-professional mental health service use and an overall low rate of professional service use were found in Asian Americans. Inaccurate self-reporting and diagnosis, language barriers, financial difficulty, and the lack of health insurance and education are contributing factors of the unmet needs of Asian Americans when seeking mental health services. Conclusions: Possible reasons that explain Asian Americans mental health issues reside in socio-economic factors such as cultural differences, limited English proficiency, and low prevalence rates of health insurance and education. Evidence-based policies against racism, inter-ethnic connections, and cultural identity understanding are needed on national and community levels to address Asian hate crimes and discrimination. Virtual mental health services, culture-specific forms of intervention and treatment responses and appropriate education about Asian American mental health issues can help improve Asian Americans' mental health conditions.
Analysis on the implementation of authentic assessment in Singapore classrooms
Authors: Zhang Qianqian
Published: May 2022

In order to promote students' ability to accomplish real-world tasks, Singapore education adopts authentic assessment to develop students high-order thinking. Unlike traditional assessment, authentic assessment verifies students learning by looking at how they apply knowledge. The educational context in Singapore that is undergoing a transformation toward promoting students competency is supportive of authentic assessments development. The implementation model of the portfolio and the representative authentic assessment method are discussed to give a more detailed introduction of how authentic assessment runs in real talk. The encounter of chances and challenges in Singapores experience of embracing authentic assessment offers an instructive example for the worldwide prospect of the wider use of authentic assessment in the future.
The Allegory of the Caves Implication on Modern Education
Authors: Zhang Fengyi
Published: May 2022

In "Allegory of The Cave" from Plato Aristocles' book The Republic, Plato presents a dialogue between Glaucon and Socrates, which discusses proper pedagogy through a cave metaphor. The cave metaphor is a scenario that involves the actions of few prisoners trapped in a cave; they "are very much like us humans" [1]. In the allegory, there are symbolic elements like shadows and sunlight. By interpreting these elements in the rest of the essay, it explores the implication of the cave metaphor to modern education: a gradual pedagogy should be preferred above sudden exposure to higher-level knowledge. I will first discuss symbolic meanings of significant concepts in this allegory then tie the cave metaphor back to education in society to see why a gradual pedagogy should be valued in the education realm.
Uncharted Surrealism: the Emotional Cartography in Diao Yi'nan's Films
Authors: Liu Siwei
Published: May 2022

In the contemporary time, the Chinese cinema has seen the emergence of various cinematic strategies in representing filmic cities. Among the sixth-generation directors, the topophilia strategy is most frequently discussed. However, Diao Yi'nan, an often neglected sixth generation director, emerges to the spotlight with his ground-breaking crime drama, Black Coal, Thin Ice and continues to gain attention ever since. Differing from the typical topophilia approach, Diao adopts distinct cinematic strategies to explore the intersection of individual sentiments and urban spaces. This essay builds itself on past research to analyze these strategic differences. The key theory adopted is the "emotional cartography", a psychogeography concept that explores the intersection of spatiality and subjectivity. Viewing filmic city as an "emotionally heightened space", the emotional cartography allows for the unveiling of hidden social relations as mediated by feelings and sensibility in a specific spatial system. The anxiety of living in a fleeting material world and changing social relation could be thus seen as the implicit political message hidden in Diaos narrative. The second part is built on past research and analyzes the narrative force of Diao Yi'nan's film. Affirming the logic of "atypical affects" () proposed by Qi Wei, the second part argues that the logic of atypical affects is also the underlying force for Diao's emotional cartography. Last but least, the essay argues for Diao's use of surrealism adheres to the logic of affects and externalize characters' psychologies.
Relation Between School Journalism and Democracy
Authors: Chen Boyou
Published: May 2022

This article mainly studies the role of media on campus. Almost all schools have student organizations, but there is little to monitor them and report the truth. As one of the students, I founded the school newspaper We Say, which became the largest media in the school. Through this paper, I hope to explore whether the media can help promote democracy and the role of the media in social groups. Although the school only has a few thousand people, I still hope to use the school as a model for a small society. Whether it is of great significance to study our journalism through practice. Finally, I found the answer. Our journalism serves three very important functions in our schools: informing people, investigating and making the students organization democratic, and building a forum for everyone.
Protective Factors and Improving Paths of Poor Children's Resilience
Authors: Yue Zongze
Published: May 2022

Improving the resilience of the children in poverty is an effective way to promote their mental health. This study pointed out that in the perspective of resilience, certain support for poor children can help them overcome the adversity brought by poverty, enhance their resilience, increase the protective factors, and finally promote the development of children's personality and sociality. Out of this perspective, this study summarized and integrated the protective factors from four dimensions of personality traits, family factors, school factors and social factors. Also, the study summarized the paths to improve resilience of poor children, and found the shortcomings and gaps of the existing research, in order to provide a direction for future research.
An Exploration of Chinese Postgraduate Students' Online EMI Course Anxiety
Authors: Pei Yinchun
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study is to explore the extents of foreign language anxiety and technological anxiety experienced by Chinese postgraduate students from a university in Hong Kong in the online EMI (English Mediated Instruction) courses. 31 participants finished the questionnaires related to anxiety and answer the open-ended questions about their feelings of online EMI courses. The findings demonstrate that foreign language anxiety and technological anxiety have a negative effect on students' online EMI learning experience. Furthermore, although learners indicates that they consequently experience anxiety, they also tend to overcome foreign language anxiety by practicing English as much as possible, and they hope the universities and teachers can arrange more technological guidance before classes helping to reduce the technological anxiety. Based on these main findings, the implications are provided regarding technological use guidance and awareness.
TikTok and Body Image of Young Adults
Authors: Wang Congqiao
Published: May 2022

As social media like TikTok grows more popular in the digital age, people seem to be driven more and more by standards on social media, despite the lack of research. This study chooses to use the research method of Focus group and selects six university students from the University of Macau for research (N=6) to explore the relationship between TikTok and the body image of young adults. These participants were avid users of social media, and the final data showed gender differences, individual differences, and indirect impact differences. In the data provided by this sample, we not only saw the different effects on each participant, but also shows how young adults were indirectly affected when TikTok went mainstream.
Determinants of American Adults Experiencing and Viewing Online Harassment Differently
Authors: Lin Kaiyuan
Published: May 2022

With the development of the Internet, online harassment becomes a significant problem nowadays. 41% of U.S. adults have personally experienced some forms of online harassment. Two questions are examined in the paper: First, what kinds of characteristics of adults make them regard offensive content online as a big problem? Second, what kind of characteristics of adults make them prone to online harassment? The data from the American Trends Panel Wave 74 September Survey are used. Logistic regression is applied to these two questions. For the first question, choosing a closer view whether offensive content online is too often excused as not a big deal or many people take offensive content online too serious is the outcome variable with several independent variables: gender variable, age group variable, education level variable, race variable and region variable. For the second question, whether the survey respondents have experienced any kind of online harassment is the outcome variable, with gender variable, age group variable, education level variable, race variable and region variable as independent variables. The results of the models show that gender, education level, and age are all important factors for both questions.
Short duration analysis of Calcutta (Dum Dum) rainfall
Authors: DHAR O.N. , RAMACHANDRAN G.
Published: May 2022

An analysis of autographic rainfall records for the period 1948 to 1965 of the Dum Dum Observatory, Calcutta, has been made with a view to determine frequency-intensity-duration relationships. The pattern of diurnal variation of rainfall has also been studied for the rainy months of May to October.
Deactivation of the ice-forming Aerosols by chlorine
Authors: KAPOOR R. K. , CHUGH G. L. , RAMANA MURTY BH.V.
Published: May 2022

Tests conducted with very large amounts of chlorine in-air (~1000 ppm) have shown that chlorine inhibits the nucleating activity of naturalice forming nuclei in the air by a factor of only about 5 at-150C, implying that it is no effective deactivator to be considered for possible use in weather modification studies.
A study of atmospheric sodium in twilight
Authors: TOROSHELIDZE T.I.
Published: May 2022

The method of reckoning with the screening effect of the atmosphere developed by the present writer has made it possible to obtain a more authentic idea about the luminous layer of atmospheric sodium at heights of 70-120 km. This method has also made it possible to establish new properties of this layer (dependence of the height of the layer maximum on the concentration of sodium atoms in the maximum, etc. These conclusions are based on systematic measurements of twilight sodium emission conducted at the Abastumani Astrophysics Observatory. Processing from definite conceptions about the mechanism of formation of the sodium layer theoretical explanations of the seasonal changes in the height and the Seasonal developments in the twilight sodium glow intensities are given.
Statistical distribution of pentad rainfall over India during monsoon season
Authors: MOOLEY D A. , RAO G. APPA
Published: May 2022

Statistical distribution of pentad rainfall during southwest and northeast monsoon seasons, at representative stations in India, has been studied" From the histograms it is seen that these distributions are right (positive) skewed" Gamma distribution function has been fitted to rainfall data and the guess of fit of the distribution to the rainfall data has been tested by Chi-square tests. These tests show that pentad rainfall may be described by Gamma distribution.
Nucleus richness of cloud air and Rainability of clouds
Authors: ROY A.K.
Published: May 2022

Considered theoretically, convective clouds formed in highly polluted air and, as such in air over-rich in its condensation nuclei content, are less liable to precipitate than similar clouds forming in normally clean air. This aspect of relative raininess of clouds formed under differing nucleus state of air has been examined by comparative study of precipitation behaviour of thunder clouds during pre-monsoon months over Calcutta, grouped under three classes as discussed in the paper.
Thundersqualls at Jamshedpur during pre-monsoon months, March to May
Authors: JAISINGHANI MT , MUKHERJEE B, K.
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of study pre-monsoon thundersqualls at Jamshedpur, in Bihar Plateau. The study has been made on the basis of detailed and. critical analysis of data provided by autographic meteorological instruments at the station, recording elements of wind, pressure, temperatures and rainfall during five pre-monsoon seasons, March to May, 1962-66.
Estimation of maximum one-day rainfall for different return periods in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: DHAR O. N. , KULKARNI A. K.
Published: May 2022

The absence of generalized charts of maximum rainfall for different durations and return periods required for the design of small hydraulic structures is greatly felt by the design engineers in this country, The present study is one such attempt in that direction. In this study simple spatial relationships for one-dayrainfal1 have been developed for the plains of Uttar Pradesh with the help of which point rainfall magnitudes for different return periods can be determined using the 2-year return period values. For the hilly regions of west Uttar Pradesh the magnitudes of one-day rainfall for different return periods have been worked out in respect of only those stations whose rainfall data are continuously available for 60 to 70 years from 1891, it was observed that average ratios of partial-duration series to annual series are almost identical with those obtained in USA.
Equatorial enhancement of geomagnetic field in the Indian Region
Authors: SASTRI N. S. , JAYAKAR R. W.
Published: May 2022

Equatorial enhancement of the geomagnetic field in the Indian region for different phenomena is examined. The enhancement in H is found to be nearly of the same magnitude as for the Sq ranges in H indicating that the immediate source of the phenomena that get enhanced is located in the same region of the ionosphere as the Sq currents.
Upper Mantle Structure in and around The Indian sub-continent (from S-waves)
Authors: DUBE R. K.
Published: May 2022

Upper Mantle Structure of the Indian sub-continent has been studied from the S-wave observations of shallow focus earthquakes, using T-D method. The 8-wave velocity below the Mohorovicic discontinuity is found to be 4.54 km/see, whereas this seems to be lesser under Himalayas. The depth of the top of low velocity layer in the Upper Mantle found to be about 140 km and its thickness about 50 km. S-wave velocity increase with depth from the discontinuity to the top of the low velocity layer has been observed.  A steep velocity gradient below the low velocity layer has also been observed.  Lehman’s model for the continental Upper Mantle has been fitted with the observations and its deviations discussed.
Micrometeorological and atmospheric diffusion studies At nuclear power station sites in India Part I : Wind profile studies
Authors: SHIRVAIKAR V. V. , SITARAMAN V. , KAPOOR RAMESH K. , SUNDARARAJAN A. , SHARMA L.N. , SASTRY P. L. K.
Published: May 2022

Micrometeorological and atmospheric diffusion studies were made at Tarapur and Rajasthan, two or the nuclear power station sites in India, in connection with the environmental safety programme. This paper describes the wind profile experiments and the analysis of wind data collected. The results are compared with similar analyses carried out on the published data from various other sites such as O'Neil (Nebraska. USA). Round Hill (Massachusetts, USA), Argonne (USA) and Kerang (Australia).

 

Using the shear function defined as (1-S.){S8 where S is the non-dimensional wind shear (kZ/U*) (dU/dZ), it is shown that the analysis is critically dependent upon the value of roughness parameter Zo. A plot of the shear function versus Z/L' does not pass through the origin as required unless the proper value of Zo is chosen. This, in fact, can be considered as a test for the accuracy of Zo. It has also been observed that the shear function tends to a constant value when plotted against Z/L' in the stable regime indicating that KH/KM steadily decreases with Increase in stability.
Oceanography of the Arabian Sea during Southwest monsoon season Part I: Thermal structure
Authors: SASTRY J. S. , D'SOUZA R. S.
Published: May 2022

The thermal structure of the Arabian Sea (between 5° and 20°N) during the southwest monsoon season, 1963 is presented through a series of vertical sections and horizontal charts showing the temperature distribution at surface and subsurface levels. Charts showing the thickness or the surface layer, the extent of the thermocline and its variation with latitude and the topography of certain isothermal surfaces are also included, the studies revealed  that the large spatial variations in surface temperature exceeding 11°C are due to processes such as radiation imbalances over the region, intense upwelling off the coasts of Somali and Arabia and a complex intermingling of various water masses. The thickness of surface layer has been found to vary from about 10 m to more than 120 m, it has been found that the near surface circulation affects the development of the surface layer considerably, The nature and the variation of the thermocline is investigated, The thermal characteristics of the intermediate and bottom waters are also presented.
Metastable O+ ions in Martian atmosphere
Authors: AGARWAL D. C.
Published: May 2022

. Production rates of atomic oxygen ions in the metastable states (2P and 2D) by photo-ionization have been calculated, Equilibrium distributions of these species have been calculated using recently measured rate-coefficients of ion-atom interchange and other ionic reactions.  Finally, the zenith intensity of the (7318.6- 733OA) multiple of O+in the dayglow has been calculated and found to be approximately in the range 4.5-8. OR.
Interaction between lower and upper tropical tropospheres during the southwest monsoon season over India
Authors: GEORGE C. A
Published: May 2022

Raman and Ramanathan's suggestion that latent heat released by "excessive cloudiness and copious precipitation" speeds up upper tropospheric winds over the west coast of India during the southwest monsoon is not borne out by observational evidence. Their proposition is shown to support rather than contradict Koteswaram's hypothesis regarding upper tropospheric easterlies and the southwest monsoon activity along the west coast of India. The influence of these easterlies on the onset of monsoon over Kerala is illustrated for the year 1961-68.
A critical examination of the streamlines charts and Conclusions of Dixit and Jones on (a) active And (b) weak monsoon conditions
Authors: DESAI B. N.
Published: May 2022

A critical examination has been made of the report of Dixit and Jones and it is shown that neither their drawings nor their conclusions regarding (i) the structure of the two cyclonic cells (the Gujarat low and the monsoon low) and the precipitation associated with them and (ii) the difference in the characteristics of the subtropical and subequatorial ridges can be accepted.
Forecasting of cirriform clouds over Northern India, Pakistan and Afghanistan from constant pressure charts
Authors: KULIAR SURENDRA
Published: May 2022

Advection of vorticity at an upper air level below tropopause is indicative of the vertical motions in the upper troposphere. It has been shown that the regions of positive advection of vorticity at 300 mb are most probable I regions for the occurrence of high clouds in winter. The forecasting value of this relationship has also been briefly discussed.
A radar study of premonsoon squall lines over Gangetic West Bengal
Authors: CHAUDHURY A. K. , RAKSHIT D. K.
Published: May 2022

Occurrence and life cycle of premonsoon squall lines in Gangetic West Bengal, their dependence on the surfac6 and upper air meteorological parameters were analysed from other echoes observed at Calcutta for the period 1963-67. Presence of high terrain in Chota Nagpur plateau of Bihar and solar insolation found to be responsible for the initial formation of squall lines. The phenomenon leading to simultaneous appearance of multiple squall lines in different regions and their movement in different directions were discussed. It has been noticed that squall line move generally in a direction within 040° clockwise of the prevailing wind at 4.5-km level and the corresponding direction of surface squall observed to be within 020° of the direction of movement of squall line.
A study of isolated radar echoes of rain clouds around Agartala airport and its neighbourhood
Authors: KUNDU M. M.
Published: May 2022

Studies have been made of isolated radar echoes of rain clouds observed during different seasons of 1964 and 1965, in the neighbourhood of Agartala Airport (Tripura). The vertical decay rate of echo tops has been found to be greater than their growth rate in all the seasons and the movement isolated cells closely related to the winds from 2.1 to 3.0.km level. The heights of the radar echoes at initial detection show that the precipitation generating levels in these clouds vary, though in most of the cases, the initial heights of the tops of radar echoes is below the freezing level. This suggests that the condensation-coalescence is the dominant precipitation mechanism over the region.
Forecasting heavy rainfall along Gujarat coast in association with Bay depressions moving westwards
Authors: ABBI S. D. S. , GUPTA D. K. , RAJ HEM
Published: May 2022

Hydrometeorological studies on Narmada and Tapti catchments (1969) revealed that when the Bay depressions reach central parts of Madhya Pradesh during the course of their westward movement, the lower reaches of these catchments and the Gujarat coast start receiving heavy rainfall, Attempts have, therefore, been made to find the critical position of the depressions farthest from Gujarat coast, when their influence in accentuating the monsoon rainfall along Gujarat coast is observed.