bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Power of CBC: Platelet-To-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Game-Changer in Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis Diagnosis
Authors: Kahvecioğlu Dilek , Taş Melda
Published: January 2025

Objective
This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of novel parameters derived from complete blood count (CBC) analysis, including the nucleated red blood cell count (NRBC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), plateletcrit (PCT), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in identifying late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS).
Methods
This was a retrospective, single-center, case‒control study in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. The study included 38 neonates diagnosed with LOS and 22 healthy control subjects. The data collected included demographic characteristics, clinical findings, and laboratory values, including CBC-derived parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and blood cultures. Statistical analyses were performed to assess differences between groups and the diagnostic performance of key parameters via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results
Significant differences in multiple parameters were observed between the LOS and control groups. Elevated CRP, platelet count, PCT, lymphocyte percentage, and PLR, in addition to decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, neutrophil percentage, NRBC percentage, and NLR, were associated with LOS. PLR demonstrated the strongest diagnostic utility, with a cutoff value of 45.24 achieving 81.6% sensitivity, 61.9% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.787 (95% CI: 0.671–0.903). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the PLR was the most significant independent predictor of LOS (OR: 1.071; 95% CI: 1.009–1.135, p = 0.023).
Conclusion
CBC-derived parameters, particularly the PLR, offer promising diagnostic value for LOS. These findings support incorporating these accessible and cost-effective biomarkers into clinical practice for the early diagnosis and management of LOS, warranting further validation in larger, multicenter studies.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol vs. Propofol for Non-operating Room Sedation and Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xie Lei , Xi Yazhi , Wang Xin , He Xinyao , Zhou Qing-he
Published: January 2025

Background: Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic for procedural sedation in non-operating room settings, but its use is often accompanied by adverse events such as injection pain, respiratory depression, and hypotension. Ciprofol, a novel intravenous anesthetic, has gained attention as a potential alternative due to its favorable safety profile and comparable sedative efficacy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and satisfaction outcomes of ciprofol and propofol in adults undergoing non-operating room procedures.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ciprofol and propofol. Data from eligible studies were extracted and analyzed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 17. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for binary outcomes, and standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI were used for continuous outcomes. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I²statistic, with fixed-effects or random-effects models applied as appropriate. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity and ensure robustness.
Results: Seven RCTs involving 1,458 participants were included. Ciprofol demonstrated comparable sedation success rates to propofol. Subgroup analyses indicated that combining ciprofol with short-acting opioids significantly improved sedation outcomes (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03–1.12; P < 0.01). Ciprofol was associated with significantly lower risks of injection pain (RR 0.13, 95% CI 0.06–0.28; P < 0.01), respiratory depression (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.33–0.77; P < 0.01), and hypotension (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.69–0.95; P < 0.01). No significant differences were observed between the two agents in induction time or time to full recovery.
Conclusion: Ciprofol is a safe and effective alternative to propofol for non-operating room procedural sedation. Its superior safety profile, particularly in reducing injection pain, respiratory depression, and hypotension, makes it a promising option, especially when combined with short-acting opioids.
Persistent mirusvirus infection in the marine protist Aurantiochytrium
Authors: Archibald John , Chung Dudley , Brask Nik , Matar Sari , Gallot-Lavallée Lucie , Pringle Eric , Duguay Brett , Blais Cedric , Latimer Jessica , Slamovits Claudio , Leyland Ben , Rest Joshua , Collier Jackie , McCormick Craig
Published: January 2025

Mirusviruses are enigmatic double-stranded (ds) DNA viruses with a chimeric evolutionary history – they have informational genes of Nucleocytoviricota ancestry and virion module genes most like those of herpesviruses. Mirusvirus genomes were discovered in marine metagenomic data (1) but, despite their abundance and broad environmental distribution, their host range is unknown. The marine thraustochytrid protist Aurantiochytrium limacinum was recently found to possess two mirusvirus-like genomic elements, one a circular episome (AurliV-1) and the other (AurliV-2) a chromosomal integrant (2). Here we show that A. limacinum mirusvirus genes are expressed and virions are produced in all culture conditions examined, including standard growth medium. Of 66 AurIiV-1-encoded proteins detected using proteomics, 48 were up-regulated under starvation conditions, including major capsid protein and triplex proteins. Quantitative PCR showed that AurliV-1 DNA is packaged into virions, and transmission electron microscopy revealed ~140 nm virions in the nucleus, in cytoplasmic vesicles, between the plasma membrane and cell wall, and in the extracellular environment. Putative surface-localized, AurliV-1-encoded, arylsulfatase and alpha-galactosidase proteins may digest sulfated polysaccharides in the host cell wall. Our results establish Aurantiochytrium as the first model system for elucidating mirusvirus-host interactions and reframe the concept of persistent viral infection in microbial eukaryotes.
Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix from 2013 to 2023: Clinical characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Zhao Junwei , Li Zenghui , Qiu Haifeng , Wang Jing
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To summarise our experience with gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix (GAS) at multiple cancer centres.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with GAS (from 1 June 2013 to 1 July 2023) from three collaborating institutions. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to determine progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results
Among the 116 patients with GAS, 71 had negative human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping results: ThinPrep cytologic test negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy in 45; atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in 8; atypical squamous cells, which cannot exclude a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, in 2; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 2; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 5; atypical glandular cell in 19; and adenocarcinoma in 3 patients. Most patients with GAS had advanced stage disease, with only 32.8% having stage I disease. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages were IB, II, III, and IV in 38, 11, 40, and 18 patients, respectively. The median PFS times for stage I and II–IV diseases were 74.9 and 61.3 months, respectively. The median OS times for patients with stage I and II–IV GAS were 109.7 and 87.6 months, respectively. The median PFS times were 74.9, 75.7, 60.3, and 12.8 months for stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively.
Conclusion
GAS is an aggressive form of cervical cancer with poor PFS and OS when diagnosed at stage II or higher.
A Framework for Parsing Psychopathological Heterogeneity: Initial Application in a Large-Scale Unselected Community Sample
Authors: Wu Chaoyi , Yuan Chenyu , Fan Yinqing , Hong Ang , Wu Zhiling , Wang Zhen
Published: January 2025

Background: Traditional descriptive nosology arbitrarily distinguishes between mental illness and health, hindering the progress of scientific research and clinical practice. Building on recent advancements in psychiatric conceptualization, this study proposes an innovative phased framework for deconstructing psychopathological heterogeneity. The framework involves four key steps: extraction of symptom dimensions, identification of psychopathological subtypes, characterization of symptom interaction patterns using a network approach, and validation of their incremental validity through links to neurobehavioral functions. This framework is preliminarily applied to a large, non-selective community sample (N = 4102) to explore its utility and potential for deconstructing psychopathological heterogeneity.
Methods: Data on comprehensive psychopathology and RDoC negative valence constructs were collected from the sample. Factor analysis and exploratory graph analysis were used to extract symptom dimensions. Latent profile analysis based on these dimensions was applied to identify psychopathological profiles. Partial correlation networks were estimated for each profile, and symptom network characteristics were compared across profiles. Finally, hierarchical multiple regression was applied to assess incremental validity.
Results: The first step of the phased framework involves extracting homogeneous dimensions based on symptom co-occurrence patterns, yielding seven distinct dimensions:Obsessive-Compulsive, Emotional Distress, Eating-Related, Substance-Related, Aggressive, Psychotic, and Somatoform dimensions. The second step involves applying a person-centered approach to identify latent subgroups based on these symptom dimensions. Four profiles were identified, namely Substance Use Group, Moderate Symptomatology Group, Disengaged from Symptomatology Group, and Severe Symptomatology Group. The third step involves characterizing symptom interaction patterns across subgroups. Using a network approach, the Severe Symptomatology Group exhibited the densest interconnections and the highest global network strength, with Aggressive and Psychotic dimensions serving as core issuescompared to other profiles. Finally, incremental validity was assessed through associations with neurobehavioral functions. Results showed that these profiles provided unique predictive value for RDoC negative valence constructs beyond both dichotomousdiagnostic status and purely dimensional approach.
Conclusions: This study introduces a fine-grained framework for deconstructing psychopathological heterogeneity, providing a comprehensive approach to parsing psychopathology. While the framework is preliminarily applied to a large sample from the Chinese population, further validation is needed across diverse cultural and regional contexts.
Computational Thinking Training and Its Effects on Working Memory, Flexibility, and Inhibition: Controlled Trial in Fifth-Grade Children
Authors: Robledo-Castro Carolina , Castillo-Ossa Luis Fernando , Hederich-Martínez Christian
Published: January 2025

This study sought to integrate the discussion on the teaching of computational thinking in elementary school and the development of executive functions in childhood. It evaluated the effect of a training program in computational thinking on working memory, flexibility and inhibition in fifth grade children. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with a sample of 111 typically developing children (mean age = 10.75, SD 0.82). Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (computational thinking training for 12 weeks with disconnected activities and activities connected with game programming and educational robotics) or an active control group (in a regular treatment). The executive functions were assessed before and after the intervention using valid and reliable neuropsychological tests. After the training program, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in several executive functions compared to the control group. A large effect size was observed in auditory working memory, a medium effect in visual and visuospatial working memory, and a small effect on inhibition skills. No changes in cognitive flexibility associated with the intervention were observed. The results suggest that teaching computational thinking through disconnected and connected activities achieves a significant effect on the development of some executive functions.
Deciphering pH-Driven Dynamics of Prolyl Endopeptidases: Unveiling Structural insight in Celiac Disease using Computational Techniques
Authors: Verma Awadhesh Kumar , Kumar Shubham , Singh Tanya , Mohan Anand , Sharma Neeta Raj , Kumar Anil
Published: January 2025

Celiac disease, an intricate autoimmune disorder, stems from gluten consumption, primarily found in wheat, barley, and rye. Due to its high proline content, gluten resists complete breakdown in the human digestive system. Prolyl endopeptidases (PEPs), a subclass of serine proteases, offer a promising therapeutic avenue. These enzymes exhibit a unique ability to cleave peptide bonds post proline residues, aiding gluten digestion. However, leveraging these enzymes effectively mandates a profound understanding of their operation within the dynamic pH milieu of the human gastrointestinal tract. This study delves into the influence of pH variations on PEP structure and activity, employing advanced computational methodologies. The research initiates with acquiring PEP sequences from ten diverse organisms via the UniProt database. Employing sequence analysis techniques like multiple sequence alignment and pairwise sequence alignment, we identify pH-sensitive regions by scrutinizing conserved motifs and sequence disparities. Prot Pi facilitates the computation of net charge profiles across varied pH gradients, unveiling pH-responsive charge distribution patterns. Structural analysis involves predicting 3D conformations through Pep-Fold4, encapsulating protein adaptations to pH fluctuations. RMSD calculations via PyMOL reveal pH-induced conformational alterations and their implications for protein stability. Also, rigorous homologous modeling of human PEPs via Swiss Model ensures structural fidelity, energy optimization with YASARA refines geometric parameters, while ERRAT analysis validates structural integrity. Docking simulations forecast PEP-gluten peptide interactions across diverse pH conditions. In conclusion, our comprehensive data analysis provides novel insights into how pH modulates PEP structures. These findings bear significant implications for enzyme catalysis, structural resilience, and potential therapeutic strategies.
Investigating the risk of prediabetes among children in NZ: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tupai-Firestone Ridvan , Cheng Soo , Corbin Marine , Lerwill Ngaire , Pulu Tupou , Latu Layla , Dunn Hamish , Pulu Veisinia , Firestone Justice , Fuge Kathryn , Tapu-Ta'ala Sera , Gokhale Prachee , Matheson Anna , Reed Deborah , Borman Barry , Henry Akarere , Krebs Jeremy , Samoa Raynald , Kingi Te Kani , Aitaoto Nia
Published: January 2025

Background
Prediabetes is a non-communicable disease (NCD) that are common in New Zealand (NZ) and it can lead to poor health. The aim of this study was to identify whether there is an increased risk of developing prediabetes among 11–13-year-olds, outside an organised screening programme.
Methods
Consenting school aged children and their parents completed a series of screening questionnaires including dietary patterns, anthropometrics and socio-economic characteristics. Adapted Australasian Paediatric Endocrinology Guidelines (APEG) criterion was used to identify children at risk of developing prediabetes or have new onset prediabetes.
Results
Of the 276 participants, significant differences between Pacific, Māori and non- Māori non-Pacific children were evident among those who: were obese (BMI > 95th percentile); lived in overcrowded homes and in deprived areas. A high proportion (35%) of children were at risk of developing prediabetes, and two dietary patterns of children consuming: (1) diverse range of food items but were especially high in snacks (sweet and savoury), takeaway food diversity, and drinks; and (2) a vegetarian and legume diet.
Conclusion
The study prevalence of prediabetes risk is indicative of childhood lifestyles, and we recommend early screening and better resourcing for promotion of healthy nutrition as preventative measures.
A disproportionate analysis of novel oral anticoagulants in the overall and pediatric populations: a pharmacovigilance study based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database
Authors: Guo Guimu , Chen Tingting , Ye Lingling , Zhou Jintuo , Zhang Jinhua
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study utilizes the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to analyze and compare the actual adverse event (AE) signals of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the overall population and pediatric patients.
Methods: This study conducted a comprehensive disproportionate analysis to assess the correlation between NOACs and AEs, covering from the third quarter of 2014 to the first quarter of 2024 in the overall and pediatric population. This analysis utilized statistical methodologies including the ROR, PRR, BCPNN, and EBGM to elucidate potential signals of drug-related AEs.
Results: In the pediatric population, there were 820 AE reports related to NOACs. Injury, poisoning and procedural complications (20.98%), Vascular disorders (8.90%), and Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal Disorders (3.41%) are significant SOC categories of AEs, and PTs show high signal strength such as Haemorrhoidal haemorrhage (n=3, ROR [95% CI]: 1008.19[240.54;4225.69], PRR [95% CI]: 1004.51[240.45;4196.45], IC [IC025]: 2.81[0.74], EBGM [EBGM05]: 628.19[1.54]), Pelvic venous thrombosis (n=3, ROR [95% CI]: 240.04[71.46;806.33], PRR [95% CI]: 239.17[71.48;800.28], IC [IC025]: 2.81[0.74], EBGM [EBGM05]:209.4[1.59]), and Thrombophlebitis (n=3, ROR [95% CI]: 129.25[39.86;419.09], PRR [95% CI]: 128.78[39.88;415.9], IC [IC025]: 2.8[0.74], EBGM [EBGM05]: 119.66[1.48]). Additionally, clinicians should be vigilant for unexpected and strongly signaled adverse events, like Low birth weight baby, Suicide attempt, Intentional self-injury, Foetal exposure during pregnancy, and Alopecia .
Conclusion: This pharmacovigilance study provides valuable information on the use of NOACs in pediatric populations. It is crucial to closely monitor adverse events related to multiple systems and organs. However, the disproportionality analysis is hypothesis generating , causality and risk levels of adverse effects cannot be accurately inferred.
Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Regulating Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Wu Lujin , Qin Yating , Zheng Xi-Long , Zhang Guangyu , Zhou Qiang , Liu Lei
Published: January 2025

Aims
Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOX), are among the most potent chemotherapeutics for multiple malignancies. However, their clinical use has been limited by irreversible cardiotoxicity. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has generated considerable interest as a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. This study aims to explore the potential role and mechanism of GLP-1 against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.
Methods
Tumor-bearing mice treated with or without DOX and GLP-1 were used to analyze their cardiac and cancer phenotype. High-throughput sequencing was performed to explore the underlying mechanism of GLP-1 treatment. Further, the downstream targets were verified at the cellular and animal levels.
Results
GLP-1 intervention significantly improved DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by enhanced cardiac systolic function, reduced cardiac tissue fibrosis, and proper arrangement of cardiomyocytes. The mechanism was related to modulating macrophage polarization by regulating the PPAR-γ and NF-κB signaling pathways. Specifically, DOX treatment increased the M1 macrophage population while decreasing the M2 macrophage population in heart tissue. GLP-1 intervention reversed the imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages by promoting PPAR-γ translocation into the nucleus and suppressing active NF-κB translocation into the nucleus, thereby inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production and reducing cardiac injury. This makes GLP-1 a potential strategy for treating cardiotoxicity induced by anti-cancer drugs.
Conclusions
Our results provide the first direct evidence that GLP-1 protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating macrophage polarization, offering new insights into potential therapeutic approaches for the clinical management of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
Voriconazole Adjustment for Liver Dysfunction (VALID): From Population Pharmacokinetic Model to the Real-World
Authors: Liu Huaiyuan , Zhao Yichang , Li Jiakai , Sun Zhihua , Zhang Bikui , Ma Jing , Jiang Yongfang , Zhao Jingjing , Ding Xuansheng , Yan Miao
Published: January 2025

Objective
Liver dysfunction affects drug metabolism, including voriconazole, used for treating fungal infections. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of a voriconazole dosing regimen adjusted for liver dysfunction (VALID) compared to standard dosing.
Methods
The study included liver dysfunction patients hospitalized between January 2020 and December 2023. Patients were divided into the VALID group and a control group. Data on demographics, medication, liver and kidney function, and adverse events were collected. Propensity score matching was used to balance the groups. Voriconazole levels were measured using liquid chromatography.
Results
The study analyzed 182 patients with 375 voriconazole measurements—39 in the VALID group and 143 in the control group. After matching, both groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The VALID group had a significantly higher target trough concentration achievement (89.7% vs. 48.7%, P < 0.0001) and lower initial voriconazole levels (2.46 mg/L vs. 4.13 mg/L, P = 0.0004). The VALID group also had fewer adverse events (15.4% vs. 38.5%, P = 0.02159). Efficacy between the two groups was similar (P = 0.9132). Factors like CYP2C19 phenotype and liver function influenced voriconazole levels.
Conclusion
The VALID regimen improved target trough levels and reduced adverse events compared to standard dosing. These findings support individualized dosing for better voriconazole therapy in liver dysfunction patients. Further research is needed to confirm these results in larger studies.
Multicamera-based Indoor Localization and Path Optimization for Mobile Robots Using Aruco Markers
Authors: Sevgi Abdulhamit , Koçer Hasan Erdinç
Published: January 2025

In indoor environments where GPS signals are unavailable, determining mobile robot positions is challenging. Common methods include SLAM, marker-based localization, inertial measurement units (IMUs), and hybrid positioning systems (HPS). SLAM enables simultaneous localization and mapping, while marker-based localization uses specific markers for position detection. IMUs track motion via velocity, acceleration, and angular velocity, and HPS combines sensors for improved accuracy. This study develops a route planning and motion optimization method using ArUco markers from the University of Córdoba. Detected via image processing, these markers guide robots by calculating the shortest and safest paths to targets. Multiple cameras enhance motion range and vision, while an automatic pan adjustment addresses overlaps and alignment issues, ensuring seamless image integration. The proposed method demonstrates the potential of multi-camera systems for reliable indoor navigation, offering promising applications in industrial and service domains.
Deciphering crop-specific rhizobacteriome assembly in cotton, sorghum, and soybean under hot semi-arid field conditions in Texas
Authors: Abdelrahman Mostafa , Jogaiaha Sudish , Abdelmoteleb Mohamed , Foker Mohamed , Nguyen Henry T. , Tran Lam-Son Phan
Published: January 2025

Background
Different crops may recruit specific rhizosphere microbiomes that support their survival under unfavorable conditions, including hot semi-arid climates. However, the processes driving microbiome assembly within different crops and their adaptation to such extreme environmental conditions remain poorly understood. This study investigates whether upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and soybean (Glycine max) recruit distinct or overlapping rhizospheric bacterial communities under hot semi-arid conditions in Lubbock, Texas, United States, with a focus on their potential role in enhancing crop resilience. By exploring rhizobacterial recruitment strategies and differential microbial associations in these crops, this study addresses critical gaps in plant-microbiome interactions and paves the way for practical applications in hot semi-arid agricultural systems.
Results
We found that the abundances and structures of rhizospheric bacterial communities differed among sorghum, soybean, and cotton, with the differences being closely linked to their predicted functional roles in stress adaptation and nutrient assimilation. Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed that soybean rhizosphere exhibited the highest bacterial richness and diversity followed by cotton. In contrast, sorghum rhizobacteriome showed the lowest richness and less even distribution of rhizobacterial taxa compared with the other two crops, emphasizing crop-specific rhizobacterial associations. Actinobacteriotaand Firmicutes phyla were significantly enriched in sorghum rhizosphere, whereas Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Acidobacteriotaphyla were significantly enriched in soybean and cotton rhizospeheres under hot semi-arid conditions. Functional prediction analysis demonstrated that sorghum-associated rhizobacteriome was significantly enriched in pathways related to stress adaptation, while soybean and cotton rhizobacteriomes exhibited more diverse pathways, primarily associated with nitrogen and sulfur assimilation.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the influence of crop-specific factors in shaping rhizobacteriome composition and function to ensure their behavior and performance under hot semi-arid conditions in Lubbock, Texas, United States, with sorghum favoring stress adaptation, soybean being linked to nitrogen and sulfur assimilation, and cotton displaying intermediate traits. Our results highlight the potential for leveraging rhizobacteriome in developing innovative cultivation strategies to enhance crop resilience and productivity under challenging environmental conditions.
Partial safety factors determination to model uncertainty on Persian historic masonry elements
Authors: Ghamari Mehrdad , Karimi MohammadSaeed
Published: January 2025

This research explores the determination of partial safety factors for Persian historical masonry walls, following Eurocode-6 principles, which account for material and geometric uncertainties. The study explores the impact of lateral constraints or boundary conditions (B.C.), Height-Length Proportion (α), the thickness of wall (t), and pre-compression levels as a gravity loading (P) on the structural behavior of these walls when subjected to uncertain conditions. Nonlinear pushover analyses were carried out on 200 masonry wall specimens, considering four α, ten variations in B.C. (including the impact of vertical (lateral walls) and horizontal (upper slabs) components), and three standard t (0.20, 0.35, and 0.50 m), all subjected to three different P (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 MPa). The research also evaluates how variations in the modulus of elasticity and t affect the results under nonlinear analysis. Findings show that the Maximum Shear Capacity (Fu), maximum drift limit (δu/H), and effective stiffness (𝐾𝑒ff) are highly responsive to these variables. Higher Fu and 𝐾𝑒ff were observed with increased t, P, and B.C., while reducing α had the opposite effect. As B.C., t, and P increased, δu/H showed a reduction, while a decrease in α led to an increase. The estimated Fu ranged 114.8–1476.5 kN, δu/H varied 1.56–3.43, and 𝐾eff spanned 7.72–250.80 kN/mm. The proposed partial safety factors are 1.17–1.96 for material strength (γM), 1.16–1.77 for displacement capacity (γdu), and 1.15–1.96 for effective stiffness (γk). The results emphasize that increasing B.C., t, and reducing α result in higher γM and γk values, while γdu values decrease. Additionally, all safety factors rise with increased P. These findings offer important insights for enhancing the preservation of Persian historical masonry structures.
A Hybrid E-Learning Recommendation System Incorporating User Reviews and Ratings for Enhanced Course Selection
Authors: Hazar Manar Joundy , Jaballi Samawel , Maraoui Mohsen , Zrigui Mounir , Nicolas Henri
Published: January 2025

A recommendation system can be used in E-learning to suggest relevant and personalized resources. It uses data about learners' behaviors, such as the courses they have taken, the content they have viewed, and the assessments they have completed, to make recommendations for additional learning opportunities. In this work, we build a hybrid educational video recommender system based on learners’ reviews and ratings. We use a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model on textual data extracted from educational videos to train language models as an input to a supervised Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. Additionally, we use a Latent Factor Model (LFM) to extract educational video features and learners' preferences from their historical data (ratings and reviews) as an output CNN model. In our proposed technique, we use hybrid user ratings and reviews to tackle sparsity and cold start problems in the recommender system. Our recommender uses reviews to predict a new sentiment matrix. For cases where reviews are absent (represented as empty cells in the sentiment matrix) or comments are ambiguous, the system utilizes normalized user ratings from the rating matrix, employing a tailored mathematical framework specifically designed for this purpose.
Analysis of breastfeeding status and influencing factors among medical staff in southwestern China
Authors: Dai Tingting , Wan Jiaxin , Liu Qiuyue , Liu Xiaoyan , Chen Cheng
Published: January 2025

Background
This study aims to evaluate the breastfeeding practices among medical staff in southwest China, identify the influencing factors, and provide recommendations for improving the exclusive breastfeeding rate and prolonging the duration of exclusive breastfeeding among medical professionals.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 685 medical staff who gave birth and were weaned between January 2019 and January 2024. The questionnaire included sections on general demographics, breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding practices, and return-to-work timing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding, and R software was used to construct and validate a nomogram prediction model based on the findings.
Results
Of the 685 participants, 363 (52.9%) exclusively breastfed for less than 6 months (Group A), while 322 (47.1%) breastfed exclusively for 6 months or longer (Group B). Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of maternal income, number of deliveries, early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour post-delivery, access to breastfeeding consultation during pregnancy, earliest work shift start time, diet regularity during lactation, husband's support for breastfeeding, and family support for breastfeeding (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the number of deliveries, breastfeeding consultation during pregnancy, earliest start time of work shift, and family support for breastfeeding as independent factors influencing the continuation of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (p < 0.05). The nomogram prediction model for successful breastfeeding showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.753 (95% CI, 0.702–0.805), demonstrating good consistency between the predicted and observed outcomes, closely approximating the ideal curve.
Conclusion
Medical institutions should actively establish breastfeeding consultation clinics, work to minimize maternal work hours, and promote breastfeeding education to raise societal awareness, which will help improve the exclusive breastfeeding rate for infants under 6 months of age.
Role and mechanism of Pim-2 kinase inhibitor-induced immunogenic cell death in multiple myeloma
Authors: Liu Zhaoyun , Shen Hongli , Che Mengting , Zhao Xianghong , Wang Hao , Yang Chun , Fu Rong
Published: January 2025

Background: Immune dysfunction is a major component in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), and restoring antimyeloma immunity has become a key research direction.
Methods: This study demonstrates, through in vivo and in vitro experiments, whether and how Pim-2 kinase inhibitors induce immunogenic cell death in MM.
Results: Pim-2 kinase inhibitors upregulated IRE1 phosphorylation and promoted XBP1 and CHOP transcription, thereby mediating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in MM cells. ER stress and increased reactive oxygen species levels promoted damage-related molecular pattern expression and immunogenic cell death in MM cells. Furthermore, Pim-2 kinase inhibitor-treated MM cell lines upregulated the expression of activation molecules on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs) in patients with MM, stimulated T lymphocyte differentiation from naïve T cells to effector memory T cells, and promoted the expression of T lymphocyte functional molecules. In vivo, Pim-2 kinase inhibitors stimulated human DC maturation and activated functional T lymphocytes.
Conclusion: These data contribute to our knowledge about how Pim-2 kinase inhibitors regulate antimyeloma immunity and provide justification for applying Pim-2 kinase inhibitors in MM treatment.
Synthesis, structural diversity, and methanol vapor adsorption properties of three Hg(II) halide complexes derived from a helical Schiff base
Authors: Huang Chao , Jiang Tao , Lu Ji-Hong
Published: January 2025

The Schiff base condensation reaction between precursor diamine N,N'-bis(2-aminophenyl)-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide and 1,8-naphthyridine-2-carbaldehyde yielded a racemic compound (LP/LM), which was characterized by 1H/13C NMR, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Three complexes, [Hg2LI4] (1), [Hg2LBr4] (2), and [Hg2L2Cl4]‧2H2O (3) with different coordination configurations were obtained from the reaction of this compound with HgX2 (X = I−, Br−, and Cl−), respectively, and their crystal structures and coordination geometries were determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Both 1 and 2 exist as dinuclear complexes with a 1:2 molar ratio of L and Hg(II), while 3 exists as a 44-membered metallamacrocycle with a 1:1 molar ratio of L and Hg(II). The structural diversity of these three complexes indicates that the counter anions have significant effects on the structural topology. In addition, the solid-state luminescence and the gas adsorption of these complexes towards methanol vapor at room temperature were investigated.
Towards Sustainable Urban Growth: The Role of Horizontal Ecological Compensation in Fostering Inclusive and Resilient Cities
Authors: Wang Hengli , Liu Hong , Xiao Hongce , Li Weiyi
Published: January 2025

Can horizontal ecological compensation (HEC) policies in China promote the development of more inclusive and resilient cities? This study explores the impact of HEC policies on urban growth, examining their role in advancing greener, more inclusive, and resilient cities aligned with global sustainability goals. Using panel data from 180 cities in the Yangtze and Yellow River basins (2007–2022) and an Inclusive and Resilient City (IRC) index, we assess the effect of HEC through a multi-period quasi-natural experiment. Our findings reveal that HEC policies positively influence IRC, mainly through industrial upgrading and green innovation, particularly in cities in the upper and middle river basins. The results are robust, confirmed by parallel trend analysis, placebo tests, propensity score matching, and trimming to account for endogeneity. This study enhances the understanding of ecological compensation and its role in fostering sustainable, resilient urban development, offering valuable insights for future policy initiatives.
Optimization of English Complex Long Sentence Machine Translation Algorithm Based on Big Data Corpus
Authors: Tang Wenli
Published: January 2025

Background
English complex long sentence optimization in English, a machine translation algorithm (MTA) is a computing system created to mechanically translate intricate, protracted statements from one language to another. The term MTA based on a big data corpus refers to a translation system that uses a large and varied set of textual materials for training and enhancing translation quality. It seeks to generate a translation in the target language that properly conveys the source sentence's content, structure, and nuanced expressions.
Methods
The study implemented a Refined Convolutional Neural Network (RG-CNN) translation produced by MTA is corrected after translation, as directed by the text type theory's translation strategy. Then, the translation is invited for confirmation by experts in computer and translation. EAPC_DS2019, AO2MNZ_DS2019, and SR_DS2019 datasets were gathered using the Twitter Streaming Application Programming Interface (API). English tweets were collected in one place for study. In the second round of data purification, any tweets that were not in English were taken out of the dataset.
Results
The experimental findings show that the following application of this system has a very high degree of accuracy, English translation outcomes, and big data English translation design Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU), which adequately validates its effectiveness. Machine translation's Word error rate is systematically classified, and the related RG-CNN provided reference ideas for translators working in this area and raised the standard of machine translation in this environment. The findings stated that the proposed technique has word error rates of 56 and 68 in the context of corpus and local data sets, respectively.
Exploration of the Underlying Mechanism of Jiawei Shixiao San in the Treatment of Endometriosis Using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Authors: Zhao Chuchu , Yang Huifen
Published: January 2025

Aim
Shixiao San, composed of Pollen Typha and Faeces Trogopterori, is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the the treatment of endometriosis. Jiawei Shixiao San is a modified formula derived from Shixiao San, adding with Sanguis Draconis, Lignum Sappan, Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus, Semen Coicis, and Radix Notoginseng. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of Jiawei Shixiao San in combating endometriosis at a systemic level through network pharmacology and experimental verification.
Methods
The targets of Jiawei Shixiao San and endometriosis were retrieved from multiple databases. An herbs-compounds-genes network and a protein-protein interaction network were constructed to analyze target interactions. Subsequently, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were conducted using the DAVID database. Finally, CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry analyses were performed to evaluate the anti-endometriosis effects of the active compounds.
Results
A total of 157 common targets associated with herbs and endometriosis were identified for analysis. The key targets included AKT1, IL-6, TNF, ESR1, TP53, VEGFA, EGFR, and SRC. The potential active compounds identified were quercetin, pelargonidin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol. Enrichment analysis suggested that Jiawei Shixiao San may treat endometriosis through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, endocrine resistance, and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Further experimental validation demonstrated that kaempferol could inhibit the proliferation of endometrial stromal cells and induce apoptosis.
Conclusion
In summary, we conducted network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental verification to provide compelling evidence that Jiawei Shixiao San may treat endometriosis by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as by modifying inflammation-related genes and signaling pathways.
Biometeorological and Molecular Innovative Study for Modelling and Assessing the Impact of Heat Stress on Water Buffalo Dairy Production: Promising Adaptive Strategies to Cope with Climate Change in Egypt
Authors: Ismail Eman M. , Aly Aly M. , Farag Heba S. , Kamel Shaimaa , Fahim Karima M.
Published: January 2025

Background Growing global warming significantly challenges buffalo dairy production, particularly in subtropical climates where summer heat exceeds their thermal comfort zone. Since 2014, Egypt's buffalo milk production has declined. However, few studies have addressed interventions to alleviate the underlying causes. This study proposed a short-term adaptation strategy based on enhancing environment and management practices to alleviate the impact of heat stress (HS) on the physiological and production performance of 12 lactating Egyptian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) over 47 summer days in Mit Helfa, Egypt. Meteorological data were monitored daily, and temperature humidity index (THI) was calculated. The daily milk yield (DMY) was recorded alongside the rectal temperature (RT) and respiratory rate (RR). Milk samples were also collected for molecular, biochemical, and quality assessments.
Results Two HS models were defined based on THI data. HS Model I (Group A) represented the critical, severe, and moderate HS zones (CHSZ, SHSZ, and MHSZ). Meanwhile, the HS Model II (modified, Group B) reflects the modulatory effects of adaptive interventions in reducing the THI and remodelling the CHSZ and SHSZ to non-HS zones (NHSZ). Additionally, this study provides the first transcriptional analysis of energy homeostasis genes in water buffaloes. It revealed significantly higher expression levels of AMPK, HRH1, and mTOR genes in the HS-Gp A compared to non-HS Gp B (p>0.05). Production data revealed a significant 53% increase in DMY (13 kg/day) in Gp B with lower oxidative stress and superior milk quality. Correlation and regression statistics indicated that higher THI increased RT and RR and significantly decreased DMY in HS Gp A. Conversely, lower THI in Gp B reduced physiological stress and significantly increased DMY (p>0.001). For each unit increase in THI above 69, the DMY decreases by 0.17 and 0.23 kg/day/buffalo, with total predicted decreases of 1.9 and 2.5 kg when the THI increases from 70 to 83 and 65 to 76 (maximum and minimum THI) in HS and Non-HS groups, respectively.
Conclusion These findings highlight the negative impact of HS on buffalo health and productivity, emphasising the need for adaptive strategies and genetic research to maintain energy balance, support milk production, and develop heat-tolerant breeds.
Metabolites profiling and bioactivity of Aspergillus-Penicilliumco-culture: Integrative GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and in silico analysis for targeting Fusarium proliferatum in onion basal rot biocontrol
Authors: Abdelrahem Mohammed M. M. , Hassane Abdallah M. A. , Abo-Dahab Nageh F. , Abouelela Mohamed E.
Published: January 2025

Onion basal rot, caused mainly by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium proliferatum, represents a serious and persistent disease problem of onion (Allium cepa L.) worldwide. It results in severe yield reductions, impacting both quantity and quality of crop. This pathogen penetrates roots and results in damage of the basal plate of the onion, leading to decay and wilting. It is important to understand how to appropriately manage this disease, so its adverse effects can be minimized. Here, we examined the metabolites profile and bioactivity of co-culture system of Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium chrysogenum against Fusarium proliferatum, one of the main pathogens responsible for onion basal rot. By employing integrative analytical techniques such as GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, the metabolites profile from the co-culture extract was identified, particularly in the dichloromethane fractions. The fraction showed the highest antifungal activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.39 mg/mL and showed the lowest cytotoxicity in brine shrimp assay. A molecular docking study on bioactive chemicals revealed that, among others, spirobrocazine A, palmitic acid, spathullin B, and citridone H were found to make a very high affinity with the cutinase enzyme from F. proliferatum, possibly leading to inhibition mechanisms. The results showed that fungal co-cultures have potential to produce bioactive compounds could be serve in production of biocontrol products with an eco-friendly application to counteract Fusarium infections in plants.
Teacher noticing in inclusive mathematics education: Analyzing its structure and expert-novice differences using a novel video-based test instrument
Authors: König Johannes , Kaiser Gabriele , Bastian Anton , Weyers Jonas , Buchholtz Nils , Ross Natalie
Published: January 2025

Teachers’ professional noticing—often conceptualized as their situation-specific skills of perception, interpretation and decision-making—constitutes an important component of their professional competence. Noticing has become increasingly significant worldwide in the pursuit of inclusive mathematics education in classroom settings, whereby teachers are required to provide equal opportunities for students across all ability levels. However, current teacher noticing frameworks lack the requisite specificity to support inclusive mathematics education, particularly regarding diagnostic applications and adequate learning support, and thus a revision of existing frameworks is warranted. On the one hand, such frameworks must incorporate selected facets of teacher knowledge, including mathematical pedagogical content knowledge (MPCK) and general pedagogical knowledge (GPK) specified for inclusive teaching; on the other hand, the differentiation into dispositions and situation-specific skills as decisive components of competence viewed as a continuum must be considered, as Sigrid Blömeke et al. suggested in their seminal framework. This paper describes the methodological challenges associated with the development of standardized instruments to measure teachers’ professional knowledge and noticing within inclusive mathematics education, as undertaken by the project Teacher Education and Development Study – Inclusive Mathematics Education (TEDS-IME). Using a large sample of 628 pre-service and in-service teachers, the paper aims to examine the dimensionality of teachers’ competence for inclusive mathematics education and expert–novice differences in the pattern of their competence facets. Our findings indicate that the newly developed video-based instrument for teachers’ noticing in inclusive mathematics education serves as a reliable and multidimensional measurement for both pre-service and in-service teachers.