bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changing “portrait” of patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic pulmonary hypertension over the past two decades
Authors: Shariya A. M. , Martynyuk T. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to perform a comprehensive analysis of the clinical, functional and hemodynamic status of patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) to compare the "portrait" of historical and modern subgroups.

   Materials and methods. The study included 120 patients with IPAH observed in the Department of Pulmonary Hypertension and Heart Diseases, E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology. The pts were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the time of diagnosis and were comparable in terms of the initial functional class (WHO). A comparative analysis of clinical, functional, and hemodynamic parameters was carried out. The diagnosis was established according to the algorithm of the Eurasian (2019) and Russian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) (2020).

   Results. The median time from the onset of PH symptoms to diagnosis in the historical and modern cohorts was 24 months and 13.5 months, respectively, and from the first visit to the diagnosis of IPAH – 13 months and 3.5 months. The median age of patients was 31 years and 40.5 years. In both subgroups, the number of women dominated – up to 86.6 % of patients in the modern cohort. Clinical, laboratory, functional and instrumental tests did not differ significantly between the subgroups. In the structure of concomitant pathology, comorbidity with cardiovascular pathology is most common, in a larger percentage in the modern cohort of patients: hypertension – up to 31.6 %, obesity – up to 25 % and diabetes mellitus – up to 5 %. According to various risk assessment scales, most patients in both subgroups demonstrated intermediate risk at the time of diagnosis, but in the modern cohort, a large proportion of high-risk patients was noted (20.0 %).

   Conclusion. Nowadays, IPAH remains a late-diagnosed disease, which contributes to a later treatment prescription. The clinical "portrait" of patients with IPAH has changed over the years towards older and more comorbid patients, especially with cardiovascular diseases. Timely detection and treatment of concomitant pathology, timely risk assessment are the key to prescribing the most effective treatment regimens, improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients with IPAH.
Eurasian Association of Cardiology (EAC)/ Russian society of somnologists (RSS) guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with cardiovascular diseases (2024)
Authors: Litvin A. Yu. , Chazova I. E. , Elfimova E. M. , Pevzner A. V. , Poluektov M. G. , Danilov N. M. , Mikhailova O. O. , Aksenova A. V.
Published: October 2024

The aim of this guideline is to assist physicians in the management of patients with cardiovascular pathology and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing.

   The article consists data on diagnostic tactics for patients with possible sleep-breathing disorders, describes the basic principles of obstructive sleep apnea treatment, and substantiates the clinical significance of obstructive sleep apnea therapy initiating in the management of patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Magnetic resonance and computed tomography in patients with arrhythmia after cardiac surgery
Authors: Shlyappo M. A. , Aleksandrova S. A. , Sopov O. V. , Golukhova E. Z.
Published: October 2024

Progress in the treatment of arrhythmias is associated with the development and implementation in clinical medicine of a number of electrophysiological methods that make it possible to determine and localize the formation and conduction of electrical excitation with a high degree of reliability. At the same time, an increase in the number of invasive procedures can lead to an increase in complications associated with the interventions, which in turn requires radiology specialists to understand the main stages of the intervention technique, and, accordingly, the mechanisms of development of possible complications and their localization.

   The purpose of the article is to present modern research data on the use of computed and magnetic resonance imaging in determining complications during interventional and surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.
Lipitension – myth or reality? Opinion of a practicing cardiologist (letter to the editor)
Authors: Kashtalap V. V.
Published: October 2024

The article (letter to the editor) presents current data on the prevalence of arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia according to domestic and foreign epidemiological studies. It is advisable for a clinical practitioner to consider these two leading cardiovascular pathologies (they are also the most common risk factors for the development and progression of atherosclerosis) together for further active correction with drug and non-drug methods of treatment. According to the studies presented in the article, the association of high blood pressure with the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, sudden cardiac death, atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries, chronic kidney disease, regardless of the age of patients with hypertension, is shown. There is no doubt about the positive effect of long-term maintenance of target blood pressure values in patients with an established diagnosis of arterial hypertension in relation to the prevention of cardiovascular complications.At the same time, up to 40 % of patients with arterial hypertension are characterized by the presence of one or another type of dyslipidemia. The opinion was expressed about the legality of using the term "lipitension" in connection with the convenience of designating these two pathologies in the form of a single pro-atherogenic comorbidity. The article presents the opinion of a practicing cardiologist, which is the advisability of distinguishing the term "lipitension" (as a pathological-nosological combination (comorbidity) of two leading risk factors in the population of developed countries – arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. Understanding the commonality of two key factors limiting the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases allows the practitioner to more confidently, with pathogenetic justification, apply the polytablet strategy (containing lipid-lowering and antihypertensive components), which allows not only to achieve more effective control of blood pressure and lipid profile indicators, but also to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients in the framework of primary and secondary prevention.
Smart Home
Authors: K Al-Aqeel Abdulrhman
Published: October 2024

The concept of a smart home integrates wireless electronic systems that connect household devices to a central interface, enabling remote control via smartphones or wall panels through Wi-Fi networks. This paper explores the core components of smart homes, including smart devices such as speakers, thermostats, lighting, and security systems, as well as the role of mobile applications in managing these devices. The paper discusses the various applications of smart homes, from home automation and security monitoring to energy management and health-focused initiatives.
The Effect of Biocomposite Material Composition with Natural Fiber Reinforced Polyester Matrix on Mechanical and Physical Strength
Authors: Wahyudi Noorsakti , Susanto Agus , Shahab Dahris , Rizky Setiawan Wahyu
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of natural fiber composition in polymer composites on the flexural strength and density of bio-composites with polyester matrix reinforced with ramie fiber, giant false agave (GFA), bamboo, and sugar cane fibers. Mechanical testing was carried out in the form of flexural strength testing and calculating density as a physical test. The composition of the matrix with fiber reinforcement was set at 70% polyester and 30% natural fiber. The variables used in this study were to create a dominant composition of fiber types in the form of a measured weight amount so as to produce a comparison of which type of natural fiber has a better test value. From the results of the flexural strength test, it was found that the bio-composite dominated by sugar cane fiber had the largest flexural strength value of 261.66 kg/cm2 while the bio-composite dominated by ramie and GFA sequentially produced flexural strengths of 101.465 kg/cm2 and 185.89 kg/cm2. The results of the density calculation show that the highest density was achieved by the bio-composite material with a dominant composition of hemp fiber (70% Polyester: 20% hemp fiber, 5% GFA fiber: 5% sugar cane fiber) of 1.049 g/cm3.
From Cryptography to Steganography: Detecting Hidden Data in the Digital World
Authors: Daraghmi Eman , Hamoudi Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Steganography is a method used to conceal information, while steganalysis focuses on detecting hidden data. In today's digital landscape, steganography is often used across open communication channels, embedding files, videos, messages, and images within other files to obscure their content from unintended viewers. However, cybercriminals exploit these techniques to covertly transmit data to various devices. Traditional endpoint antimalware tools are not typically designed to search for hidden data, making the detection of steganographic content challenging. The ease with which cybercriminals can transmit data using this method highlights its potential threat. This paper reviews various steganalysis tools and explores the integration of antivirus programs for real-time detection to enhance data confidentiality. A proof-of-concept for one of the steganalysis tools is also provided.
Mobile Forensics: Extracting Geo-Location Data from Photos on Android Smartphones
Authors: Daraghmi Eman , Hamoudi Ahmed
Published: October 2024

With the rapid advancement of technology and communication, smartphones have become ubiquitous, offering functionalities such as geo-location-based photo capturing through GPS and navigation applications. Digital forensic examiners can retrieve location data from Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) metadata embedded in photos, commonly referred to as “geolocation,” which is crucial in criminal investigations. Modern Android smartphones and digital cameras store GPS coordinates in every captured photo, allowing forensic analysts to leverage this information to solve cases. This paper demonstrates the process of manually extracting geographical identification data (latitude, longitude, altitude) from raw image files using Hex editor tools and validating the results with Google Maps. These methods aid forensic investigators and law enforcement agencies by providing evidence that can be presented in court.
Assessment of Knowledge on Perimenopause, Symptoms Experienced and Practices of Perimenopausal Women in a Selected Village of Udupi District
Authors: Sharma Priya , P Vadivukkarasi
Published: October 2024

Women are more precious entity since the they are the instrument for the generation of human being. They faces lot of challenges throughout their life from menarche till menopause.. They develop their own coping strategies.  Methodology: Cross sectional descriptive survey design was used. Cluster sampling was used to select 708 women above 35 years of age. They were screened by using structured perimenopause screening tool in Phase I and a total of 104 perimenopause women formed the sample in Phase II at Yenaggude village Udupi district, Karnataka.  Results: The prevalence of perimenopause was 146.89/1000 women in the year 2011. Majority 69.20% had average knowledge on perimenopause. There was no association between knowledge with age, education, occupation, marital status, age at marriage, age at menarche, monthly family income and religion.  Conclusion: Women presented with different symptoms of varying intensity and practiced various self-care measures. The self-care practices are found to be associated with a few symptoms and demographic variables, and their association can be further explored upon.
KPF Confirms a Polar Orbit for KELT-18 b
Authors: Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Dai Fei , Halverson Samuel , Howard Andrew W. , Householder Aaron , Fulton Benjamin , Behmard Aida , Gibson Steven R. , Roy Arpita , Shaum Abby P. , Isaacson Howard , Brodheim Max , Deich William , Hill Grant M. , Holden Bradford , Laher Russ R. , Lanclos Kyle , Payne Joel N. , Petigura Erik A. , Schwab Christian , Smith Chris , Stefánsson Guðmundur , Walawender Josh , Wang Sharon X. , Weiss Lauren M. , Winn Joshua N. , Wishnow Edward
Published: October 2024

We present the first spectroscopic transit results from the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder on the Keck-I telescope at W. M. Keck Observatory. We observed a transit of KELT-18 b, an inflated ultrahot Jupiter orbiting a hot star (T
eff = 6670 K) with a binary stellar companion. By modeling the perturbation to the measured cross-correlation functions using the Reloaded Rossiter–McLaughlin technique, we derived a sky-projected obliquity of λ = − 94.°8 ± 0.°7 (

ψ
=

93.8

−
1.8

+
1.6

°

for isotropic i
⋆). The data are consistent with an extreme stellar differential rotation (α = 0.9), though a more likely explanation is moderate center-to-limb variations of the emergent stellar spectrum. We see additional evidence for the latter from line widths increasing toward the limb. Using loose constraints on the stellar rotation period from observed variability in the available TESS photometry, we were able to constrain the stellar inclination and thus the true 3D stellar obliquity to

ψ
=

91.7

−
1.8

+
2.2

°

. KELT-18 b could have obtained its polar orbit through high-eccentricity migration initiated by Kozai–Lidov oscillations induced by the binary stellar companion KELT-18 B, as the two likely have a large mutual inclination as evidenced by Gaia astrometry. KELT-18 b adds another data point to the growing population of close-in polar planets, particularly around hot stars.
JADES Ultrared Flattened Objects: Morphologies and Spatial Gradients in Color and Stellar Populations
Authors: Gibson Justus L. , Nelson Erica , Williams Christina C. , Price Sedona H. , Whitaker Katherine E. , Suess Katherine A. , de Graaff Anna , Johnson Benjamin D. , Bunker Andrew J. , Baker William M. , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Boyett Kristan , Charlot Stephane , Curtis-Lake Emma , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Hainline Kevin , Hausen Ryan , Maiolino Roberto , Rieke George , Rieke Marcia , Robertson Brant , Tacchella Sandro , Willott Chris
Published: October 2024

One of the more surprising findings after the first year of JWST observations is the large number of spatially extended galaxies (ultrared flattened objects, or UFOs) among the optically faint galaxy (OFG) population otherwise thought to be compact. Leveraging the depth and survey area of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey, we extend observations of the OFG population to an additional 112 objects, 56 of which are well-resolved in F444W with effective sizes, R

e
> 0.″25, more than tripling previous UFO counts. These galaxies have redshifts around 2 < z < 4, high stellar masses (

log
(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
∼
10
–
11

), and star formation rates around ∼100–1000 M
⊙ yr−1. Surprisingly, UFOs are red across their entire extents, which spatially resolved analysis of their stellar populations shows is due to large values of dust attenuation (typically A

V
> 2 mag even at large radii). Morphologically, the majority of our UFO sample tends to have low Sérsic indices (n ∼ 1) suggesting that these large, massive, OFGs have little contribution from a bulge in F444W. Further, a majority have axis ratios between 0.2 < q < 0.4, which Bayesian modeling suggests that their intrinsic shapes are consistent with being a mixture of inclined disks and prolate objects with little to no contribution from spheroids. While kinematic constraints will be needed to determine the true intrinsic shapes of UFOs, it is clear that an unexpected population of large, disky or prolate objects contributes significantly to the population of OFGs.
Plasma Dynamics and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration in 3D Nonrelativistic Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Zhang Qile , Guo Fan , Daughton William , Li Xiaocan , Li Hui
Published: October 2024

Understanding plasma dynamics and nonthermal particle acceleration in 3D magnetic reconnection has been a long-standing challenge. In this paper, we explore these problems by performing large-scale fully kinetic simulations of multi-X-line plasmoid reconnection with various parameters in both the weak- and strong-guide-field regimes. In each regime, we have identified its unique 3D dynamics that lead to field-line chaos and efficient acceleration, and we have achieved nonthermal acceleration of both electrons and protons into power-law spectra. The spectral indices agree well with a simple Fermi acceleration theory that includes guide-field dependence. In the low-guide-field regime, the flux rope kink instability governs the 3D dynamics for efficient acceleration. The weak dependence of the spectra on the ion-to-electron mass ratio and β (≪1) implies that the particles are sufficiently magnetized for Fermi acceleration in our simulations. While both electrons and protons are injected at reconnection exhausts, protons are primarily injected by perpendicular electric fields through Fermi reflections and electrons are injected by a combination of perpendicular and parallel electric fields. The magnetic power spectra agree with in situ magnetotail observations, and the spectral index may reflect a reconnection-driven size distribution of plasmoids instead of the Goldreich–Sridhar vortex cascade. As the guide field becomes stronger, the oblique flux ropes of large sizes capture the main 3D dynamics for efficient acceleration. Intriguingly, the oblique flux ropes can also experience flux rope kink instability, to drive extra 3D dynamics. This work has broad implications for 3D reconnection dynamics and particle acceleration in heliophysics and astrophysics.
Thermal Fluctuations of Matter Composition and Quark Nucleation in Compact Stars
Authors: Guerrini Mirco , Pagliara Giuseppe , Drago Alessandro , Lavagno Andrea
Published: October 2024

At the extreme densities reached in the core of neutron stars, it is possible that deconfined quark matter is produced. The formation of this new phase of strongly interacting matter is likely to occur via a first-order phase transition for the typical temperatures reached in astrophysical processes. The first seeds of quark matter would then form through a process of nucleation within the metastable hadronic phase. Here, we address the role of the thermal fluctuations in the hadronic composition on the nucleation of two-flavor quark matter. At finite temperature, the thermodynamic quantities in a system fluctuate around average values. Nucleation being a local process, it is possible that it occurs in a subsystem whose composition makes the nucleation easier. We will consider the total probability of the nucleation as the product between the probability that a subsystem has a certain hadronic composition different from the average in the bulk, and the nucleation probability in that subsystem. We will show how those fluctuations of the hadronic composition can increase the efficiency of nucleation already for temperatures ∼(0.1−1) keV. However, for temperatures ≲(1−10) MeV, the needed overpressure exceeds the maximum pressure reached in compact stars. Finally, for even larger temperatures the process of nucleation can take place, even taking into account finite-size effects.
A Data-driven Spectral Model of Main-sequence Stars in Gaia DR3
Authors: Angelo Isabel , Bedell Megan , Petigura Erik , Ness Melissa
Published: October 2024

Precise spectroscopic classification of planet hosts is an important tool of exoplanet research at both the population and individual system level. In the era of large-scale surveys, data-driven methods offer an efficient approach to spectroscopic classification that leverages the fact that a subset of stars in any given survey has stellar properties that are known with high fidelity. Here, we use The Cannon, a data-driven framework for modeling stellar spectra, to train a generative model of spectra from the Gaia Data Release 3 Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS). Our model derives stellar labels with precisions of 72 K in T
eff, 0.09 dex in logg, 0.06 dex in [Fe/H], 0.05 dex in [α/Fe], and 1.9 km s−1 in v
broad for main-sequence stars observed by Gaia DR3 by transferring GALAH labels, and is publicly available at https://github.com/isabelangelo/gaiaspec. We validate our model performance on planet hosts with available Gaia RVS spectra at SNR>50 by showing that our model is able to recover stellar parameters at ≥20% improved accuracy over the existing Gaia stellar parameter catalogs, measured by the agreement with high-fidelity labels from the Spectroscopic Observations of Cool Stars survey. We also provide metrics to test for stellar activity, binarity, and reliability of our model outputs and provide instructions for interpreting these metrics. Finally, we publish updated stellar labels and metrics that flag suspected binaries and active stars for Kepler Input Catalog objects with published Gaia RVS spectra.
Mock Observations: Three Different Types of Galaxy Alignment in TNG100 Simulations
Authors: Lan Yanyao , Tang Lin , Lin Weipeng , Gong Junyu
Published: October 2024

In this study, galaxy samples have been generated using mock observation techniques based on the results of TNG100-1 simulations to investigate three forms of intrinsic alignment: satellite-central alignment between the orientation of the brightest group galaxies (BGG) and the spatial distribution of their satellites, radial alignment between the satellites’ orientation and the direction toward their BGG, as well as direct alignment between the orientation of BGG and that of its satellites. Overall, the predictions of galaxy alignment generally align with observations, although minor discrepancies have been identified. For satellite-central alignment, the alignment strength and color-dependence trends are well replicated by the mock observations. Regarding radial alignment, the signals are weak but discernible, with no apparent color dependence. As for direct alignment, no signal is detected, nor is there any color dependence. We also investigate the alignment dependencies on halo or the BGG properties, and proximity effect. For satellite-central alignment, the predicted alignment signal shows a positive correlation with halo and BGG mass, consistent with observations and previous predictions. Similar correlations have also been observed with the BGG age and metallicity, which merit future observational analysis for confirmation. Proximity effects have been observed for all three types of alignment, with satellites closer to the BGG exhibiting stronger alignment signals. The influence of galaxy definition and shape determination on alignment studies is also analyzed. This study underscores the importance of employing mock observation techniques for a fair comparison between predictions and observations.
Electrostatic Waves and Electron Holes in Simulations of Low-Mach Quasi-perpendicular Shocks
Authors: Bohdan Artem , Tran Aaron , Sironi Lorenzo , Wilson Lynn B.
Published: October 2024

Collisionless low-Mach-number shocks are abundant in astrophysical and space plasma environments, exhibiting complex wave activity and wave–particle interactions. In this paper, we present 2D Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations of quasi-perpendicular nonrelativistic (v
sh ≈ (5500–22000) km s−1) low-Mach-number shocks, with a specific focus on studying electrostatic waves in the shock ramp and precursor regions. In these shocks, an ion-scale oblique whistler wave creates a configuration with two hot counterstreaming electron beams, which drive unstable electron acoustic waves (EAWs) that can turn into electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) at the late stage of their evolution. By conducting simulations with periodic boundaries, we show that the EAW properties agree with linear dispersion analysis. The characteristics of ESWs in shock simulations, including their wavelength and amplitude, depend on the shock velocity. When extrapolated to shocks with realistic velocities (v
sh ≈ 300 km s−1), the ESW wavelength is reduced to one-tenth of the electron skin depth and the ESW amplitude is anticipated to surpass that of the quasi-static electric field by more than a factor of 100. These theoretical predictions may explain a discrepancy, between PIC and satellite measurements, in the relative amplitude of high- and low-frequency electric field fluctuations.
Exploring the Central Region of NGC 1365 in the Ultraviolet Domain
Authors: Kurian Kshama Sara , Stalin C. S. , Wylezalek Dominika , Lyubenova Mariya , Adhikari Tek Prasad , Devaraj Ashish , Sagar Ram , Kissler-Patig Markus , Mondal Santanu
Published: October 2024

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback and its impact on their host galaxies are critical to our understanding of galaxy evolution. Here, we present a combined analysis of new high resolution ultraviolet (UV) data from the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on AstroSat and archival optical spectroscopic data from the Very Large Telescope/MUSE, for the Seyfert galaxy, NGC 1365. Concentrating on the central 5 kpc region, the UVIT images in the far- and near-UV show bright star-forming knots in the circumnuclear ring as well as a faint central source. After correcting for extinction, we found the star formation rate (SFR) surface density of the circumnuclear 2 kpc ring to be similar to other starbursts, despite the presence of an AGN outflow, as seen in [O iii] 5007 Å. On the other hand, we found fainter UV and thus lower SFR in the direction southeast of the AGN relative to northwest in agreement with observations at other wavelengths from JWST and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The AGN outflow velocity is found to be lesser than the escape velocity, suggesting that the outflowing gas will rain back into the galaxy. The deep UV data have also revealed diffuse UV emission in the direction of the AGN outflow. By combining [O iii] and UV data, we found the diffuse emission to be of AGN origin.
Causal Attention Deep-learning Model for Solar Flare Forecasting
Authors: Zhang Xinze , Xu Long , Li Zihan , Huang Xin
Published: October 2024

Solar flares originate from the sudden release of energy stored in the magnetic field of the active region on the Sun, but the trigger for flares is still uncertain. Currently, deep-learning-based solar flare prediction models have achieved good results and are widely recognized. However, these models focus more on data correlation rather than causality. An ideal flare prediction model should probe into the causes/triggers of solar flares, and diagnose the precursors of flares rather than just correlation analysis. To extract more informative precursors of flares from magnetograms, while suppressing the interference of confounding factors, a causal attention module is introduced to disentangle causal and confounder features from the input features. To address the problem of imbalanced positive and negative samples in the data set, an adaptive data set split mechanism is proposed. It divides the data set into several balanced subsets of positive and negative samples, and dynamically adjusts the subsets according to the model’s prediction results during the training process. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model achieves 4.08%, 8.38%, and 2.19% higher accuracy, true skill score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than the baseline model. Additionally, the class-specific heatmaps by using the gradient-weighted class activation mapping method reveal that our proposed model generally focuses on the polarity inverse line of active regions, well in line with theoretical study.
Validating Gaia DR3 Pulsating Variable Classifications with TESS. II. 360+ Eclipsing Binaries with δ Scuti and γ Doradus Components
Authors: Zhou Ai-Ying
Published: October 2024

A comprehensive analysis of 75,369 stars from Gaia DR3 has led to the serendipitous discovery of 380 eclipsing binaries featuring δ Scuti and γ Doradus pulsators, 45 eclipsing binaries exhibiting rotational variability, and 8 new RR Lyrae stars. Moreover, this study has confirmed 12,145 δ Scuti stars (including 8710 new) and 8192 γ Doradus stars (including 7531 new). These findings substantially expand the existing catalogs of δ Scuti and γ Doradus stars, now encompassing 98,968 and 19,466 stars, respectively, providing a valuable resource for future studies. The remarkable number of newly identified pulsating binaries underscores the significance of this project in validating Gaia variables.
A step forward in botanical exploration with three new Polytrichaceae records from Tibet, China
Authors: Zhao Wei , Wang Zhaoming , Zheng Lina , Naren Gaowa , He Qiang , Han Wei
Published: October 2024

According to the Species Catalogue of China, Tibet, China, has more than 1,000 species of bryophytes, showing its remarkably high biodiversity. Amongst them, the Polytrichaceae is one of the largest family, with six genera and 25 species, one subspecies and two varieties reported previously.

Based on a field survey and specimen identification, the following species have been newly recorded in the bryoflora of Tibet, namely Oligotrichum obtusatum Broth., Pogonatum contortum (Menzies ex Brid.) Lesq. and Polytrichum sphaerothecium (Besch.) Müll. Hal.
Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehearsal in Addressing Nursing Incivility: An Integrative Review
Authors: Givler Janet L. , Varagona Lynn
Published: October 2024

Background

Incivility is detrimental to nurses, patients, and health care organizations. Cognitive rehearsal has shown promise in addressing incivility, yet the most recent review of cognitive rehearsal training contained articles published in 2014 and earlier. This review integrates current knowledge of the effectiveness of cognitive rehearsal training in addressing nursing incivility.

Method

Four databases were searched from January 2018 to April 2023. Thematic analysis was used to analyze 22 studies.

Results

Three main themes emerged: (a) theoretical frameworks, (b) participant responses to cognitive rehearsal training, and (c) work culture influences. Nine theoretical frameworks uncover the mechanism behind nursing incivility and provide guidance on how to remedy it.

Conclusion

Cognitive rehearsal training that includes four core components can foster skills and confidence to address nursing incivility and, in turn, decrease its occurrence, but training alone is not sufficient. Nurse managers and leaders need to model civil behavior, support zero tolerance, create a safe environment for reporting incivility, and intervene effectively.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(11):523–529.]
Centralización y secularización educativa en Valladolid de Michoacán después de la expulsión de los jesuitas (1767-1796)
Authors: Abascal Sherwell Raull Pablo
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar que, tras la expulsión de los jesuitas de la monarquía hispánica en 1767, la Corona, por medio del regio patronato, buscó fortalecer las instituciones educativas pertenecientes al clero secular y centralizarlas en las capitales diocesanas. Para el caso de Michoacán, dicha acción se llevó a cabo en Valladolid, en detrimento del resto de los ex colegios de la Compañía que se encontraban en otras ciudades de la diócesis, lo cual ayudaría a quitarle poder a las corporaciones, robustecería al clero secular, y facilitaría a los prelados el control y administración de la educación en el obispado. El proceso de centralización comenzó a cambiar después de la instauración de las intendencias en Nueva España en 1786, el cual se materializó en Michoacán diez años después, con la apertura del colegio de la Purísima Concepción en Guanajuato en 1796, dando fin a la concentración educativa promovida por los obispos en Valladolid.
El proceso de conformación de la religiosidad en la Murcia bajomedieval: devociones, cofradías y procesiones
Authors: Frey Sánchez Antonio Vicente
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo plantea los pasos seguidos en la conformación de la religiosidad popular y sus manifestaciones en la ciudad de Murcia desde su incorporación a la Corona de Castilla entre 1243 y 1266 y el final de la Edad Media, a partir de las referencias documentales de las actas concejiles y archivo catedralicio. Se explica como ese proceso se desarrolló siguiendo los siguientes pasos: fundación y dotación de la diócesis de Cartagena y sus hitos fundamentales; asiento de órdenes religiosas, fundación de parroquias y subsiguiente desarrollo de un primigenio tejido devocional; primeras manifestaciones de fervor popular en forma de procesiones litúrgicas y parroquiales; fundación de cofradías para articular esas manifestaciones; y, fundación final de cofradías laborales y gremiales. Todos y cada uno de los pasos fueron estimulados y, frecuentemente, promovidos por las autoridades.
Factors Influencing Student Satisfaction with LMS Mobile Application: A TAM-Based SEM Analysis
Authors: Ajlouni Aseel , AlOmary Asmaa , Al-Smadi Mohammad , Al-Abdallat Mohammad , Abu Awwad Ferial
Published: October 2024

Mobile applications for learning management systems (LMS) are becoming extremely common in higher education institutions, with student satisfaction (SS) being crucial for their adoption and effectiveness. This study addresses the gap in understanding factors influencing SS with LMS mobile applications by employing structural equation modeling (SEM) based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Quantitative study was adopted in this study, involving 475 undergraduate students. The findings of the study revealed that students’ satisfaction with mobile applications for LMS is significantly and positively influenced by external factors (mobile application self-efficacy, content quality, and enjoyment), as well as perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The results provide practical insights for decision-makers, professionals, and developers in higher educational institutes on how to effectively implement e-learning systems using mobile applications.
The Impact of ChatGPT on English Language Learners' Writing Skills
Authors: Jamshed Mohammad , Abu Saleh Md Manjur Ahmed  , Md Sarfaraj  , Wahaj Unnisa Warda
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in enhancing English as a second language (ESL) writing skills by providing personalized feedback and targeted corrections, thereby facilitating improved grammar and composition proficiency. Despite the potential of AI tools like ChatGPT, their impact on common writing errors in ESL contexts has yet to be explored. This study employed a quasi-experimental design to compare the efficacy of ChatGPT’s mobile application feedback against traditional teacher feedback in a senior secondary public school in India. Over eight weeks, the experimental group received feedback on their writing error corrections through the ChatGPT application, while the control group received feedback from teachers. Additionally, participants’ attitudes towards using ChatGPT for language learning were assessed through a questionnaire administered post-intervention to 132 students. Data was collected using pre- and post-tests that involved writing stories based on pictures. The study results demonstrated that the experimental group significantly improved writing proficiency, showing a reduction in common errors (third-person singular present, past tense, progressive, past participle, plural, possessive, comparative, and superlative) compared to the control group. Furthermore, most students preferred AI feedback, associating it with noticeable improvements in their writing skills and grammatical accuracy. These findings support the integration of AI tools like ChatGPT into language learning curricula as effective supplements to traditional teaching methods, offering personalized and immediate corrections that enhance learning outcomes.
Navigating Regionalism in a Heterarchical Global Order
Authors: Riga Dealan
Published: October 2024

This chapter argues that the European Union (EU) has gained empowerment through the fragmentation of the Common Commercial Policy (CCP), particularly focusing on investment governance. It highlights how the EU has utilized this altered policy landscape to enhance Brussels' capabilities in addressing investment issues. The argument posits that the CCP has become heterarchical due to politicization and geopoliticization, leading to a discussion on how the EU has navigated this new landscape to bolster its competencies in investment governance. Firstly, the chapter examines the adoption of an Investment Screening Mechanism (ISM), asserting its significance in shaping a Brussels-oriented perspective on investment-related risks. Secondly, it underscores the EU's revised approach to multilateral investment agreements, shifting from a state-centric demand for investment facilitation to a Brussels-centric framing of investment protection.
Crisis of Authority and the Cybernetic Politics of African International Organizations
Authors: Kuditchar Nene Lomotey
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines how African inter-state relations are shaped by the crisis management initiatives of African International Organizations using the case of the Economic Community of West African States. It leverages the insights of cybernetic politics and heterarchy to decentre the dominant heuristic of hierarchy in the framing of intra-African international politics given that it hardly accommodates transactions beyond a one-dimensional understanding of power by. The chapter demonstrates how ECOWAS member states use the logic of cybernetic politics and heterachy to acquire flexibility and speed to pragmatically manage multiple episodes of authority crisis in West Africa.
Pathways to Innovation
Authors: Gholami Behnaz
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the dynamic interplay between systems and design thinking as essential methodologies for driving organizational change and innovation. It dives into the fundamental principles and practical implications of these approaches, highlighting their synergy and integration in addressing complex, multifaceted problems and changes. Organizations can foster a culture of continuous improvement and adaptability by integrating systems thinking's holistic view and design thinking's human-centred focus. Through examples, the chapter demonstrates how various sectors have successfully harnessed these approaches to innovate and transform. These insights will result in enhancing stakeholder engagement and decoding complexities and creating sustainable systemic solutions that align with organizational goals. This chapter is invaluable for leaders, managers, and change agents seeking to cultivate innovation and resilience in a complex, ever-evolving business landscape.
Global Perspectives on Government Support for Research and Development
Authors: Taherdoost Hamed , Vieyra Carlos Jesus Zamarron , Sifuentes Vasallo Danna Aracely , Buha Harshkumar Maheshkumar , Santillan Anel Lopez , Cortez Solano Rodrigo Alexander , Duarte Bryan Reinlein , Pulido Paula Catalina Londoño , Gonzalez Nadia , Gonzalez Palacios Luis Felipe , Rivera Victor , Madrigal Edith Puga
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores a comparative analysis of government support for research and development (R&D) and its impact on gross domestic product (GDP) growth across diverse countries, including Peru, Nepal, Pakistan, and Nigeria. By examining R&D policies, practices, and outcomes in these nations, the study aims to elucidate the complex relationship between government initiatives and economic metrics. Key findings highlight the importance of tailored R&D strategies, tax incentives, and funding mechanisms in driving innovation, job creation, and industrial competitiveness. Insights from this analysis offer valuable guidance for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers seeking to foster sustainable economic development through effective R&D interventions. The case studies presented underscore the critical role of government support in shaping innovation ecosystems and advancing inclusive, innovation-driven economies.
Encouraging Quality
Authors: BENABID ASSIA , EL IMADI Imane , Alqatawneh Khalil
Published: October 2024

This chapter investigates the importance of social variety in institutional frameworks, notably in higher education, in response to the urgent societal concerns of the twenty-first century. The goal is to foster an educational environment that values, respects, and includes all students, regardless of gender, race, or socioeconomic status. The main goal is to foster an environment in which students feel both academically engaged and empowered to reach their greatest potential. This involves an equitable and inclusive teaching strategy that recognizes student's different experiences, needs, and objectives, as well as collaborative efforts from all educational partners. The goal of this research is to investigate and propose solutions to improve equity in higher education, with the ultimate goal of creating educational settings that accommodate students; with different needs. The objectives include identifying critical areas for change in present educational practices, investigating the influence of inclusive teaching methods on student success, and recommending concrete ways for institutions to implement them. The methodology used in this study is a thorough evaluation of the existing literature on diversity, equity, and inclusion in higher education. It also includes case studies and examples of how inclusive approaches have been successfully implemented in diverse educational contexts. The theoretical framework is based on social justice theories, emphasizing the significance of providing equal opportunity for all individuals in the educational system. To achieve inclusion and equity, a comprehensive approach is advocated. Strategies such as accessibility and equity initiatives, flexible and adaptable teaching methods, active student engagement, inclusive communication, diverse representation in faculty and staff, diversity training programs, fair assessment practices, and transparent admissions policies are critical. Furthermore, financial support mechanisms, mentorship and tutoring programs, diversity-sensitive orientation campaigns, and the creation of inclusive courses and programs all help to build an equal educational environment. Faculty training has been acknowledged as a critical component in ensuring that educators have the skills and understanding required to effectively implement inclusive teaching techniques. Emotional support services and accessible physical infrastructure are also critical components in meeting the different needs of students. Finally, this study calls for a comprehensive and collaborative strategy to create equitable educational settings in higher education. By implementing the recommended measures, institutions can demonstrate their commitment to promoting diversity, fairness, and social justice, thereby helping students prepare for the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century.
From Data to Destination
Authors: Al-Romeedy Bassam Samir , Singh Amrik
Published: October 2024

In today's digital era, the tourism industry is undergoing a major transformation as it shifts from traditional marketing techniques to data-driven strategies that leverage the vast amounts of digital information generated by travelers. This chapter delves into how the digital footprints left by travelers—such as search histories, social media interactions, online bookings, and mobile app usage—can be effectively utilized to craft personalized and impactful marketing campaigns. It covers the entire process, from the collection and management of these digital traces to their analysis, emphasizing the importance of advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and big data analytics in converting raw data into actionable insights. These insights empower tourism businesses to anticipate traveler behavior, customize marketing messages, and engage with customers in a more personalized and meaningful manner.
Social Media and Its Influence on Travel Decision-Making
Authors: Mehataj M. , Kanimozhi P. , Kumar T. Ananth
Published: October 2024

Tourism serves as a prominent illustration of the crucial role that social media has assumed in the contemporary digital age. The present study aims to examine the influence of widely used electronic platforms, namely Instagram, Facebook, WhatsApp, and TikTok, on the decision-making processes of tourists. Adopting the AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) model as a conceptual framework, the study collects feedback from 100 participants to evaluate the impact of their social media engagement on their travel decisions. The findings demonstrate that social media exerts a substantial influence on the formation of travel preferences and the choice of destinations by effectively attracting users' attention and generating desire through well selected material and influencer marketing. Furthermore, the research investigates the application of machine learning to examine large datasets obtained from social media platforms, particularly Twitter, for the purpose of predicting tourist demand.
The Effects of News Media on Tourist Preventive Behaviors During Infectious Disease Outbreaks
Authors: Mohamad Noraihan
Published: October 2024

During outbreak crisis, the information conveyed through news media can significantly influence tourists' perceptions of risk, ultimately shaping their preventive behaviors. Previous studies have indicated that research on this influence is still insufficient and relatively new. This study investigates how exposure to news media affects risk perception and preventive behaviors among Malaysian tourists. It also explores whether risk perception mediates the relationship between news media exposure and preventive behavior. Using cross-sectional design, 250 questionnaires were collected from tourists in the Klang Valley. The analysis using the PLS-SEM technique has revealed that news media exposure and personal-level risk perception are the important predictors to explain tourist's preventive behavior during pandemic. Additionally, personal risk perception plays a significant role in mediating the relationship between news exposure and behavior. These findings offer insights for policymakers to better understand and address tourists' perceptions and behaviors during outbreaks crisis.
From Search to Stay
Authors: Al-Romeedy Bassam Samir , Singh Amrik
Published: October 2024

This chapter investigates the evolving digital journey of contemporary travelers, focusing on how technology and data-driven insights have reshaped travel experiences. It explores the transition from traditional to digital platforms in travel planning, booking, and in-destination activities, emphasizing the traits of today's tech-savvy travelers. By examining consumer behavior across various groups—including millennials, Gen Z, and business travelers—the chapter highlights the growing significance of user-generated content, mobile-first experiences, and tools for real-time decision-making. It also investigates how travelers engage with digital platforms during the pre-travel phase for research and inspiration, the booking process, and the period before arrival, as well as throughout their trip and in post-travel reflections. Additionally, the chapter critically analyzes the role of data analytics, big data, AI, and machine learning in understanding and forecasting traveler behavior.