bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of tyrosine kinase Fgr prevents radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF)
Authors: Mukherjee Amitava , Epperly Michael W. , Fisher Renee , Hou Wen , Shields Donna , Saiful Huq M. , Pifer Phillip M. , Mulherkar Ria , Wilhite Tyler J. , Wang Hong , Wipf Peter , Greenberger Joel S.
Published: July 2023

Cellular senescence is involved in the development of pulmonary fibrosis as well as in lung tissue repair and regeneration. Therefore, a strategy of removal of senescent cells by senolytic drugs may not produce the desired therapeutic result. Previously we reported that tyrosine kinase Fgr is upregulated in ionizing irradiation-induced senescent cells. Inhibition of Fgr reduces the production of profibrotic proteins by radiation-induced senescent cells in vitro; however, a mechanistic relationship between senescent cells and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) has not been established. We now report that senescent cells from the lungs of mice with RIPF, release profibrotic proteins for target cells and secrete chemotactic proteins for marrow cells. The Fgr inhibitor TL02-59, reduces this release of profibrotic chemokines from the lungs of RIPF mice, without reducing numbers of senescent cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that TL02-59 abrogates the upregulation of profibrotic genes in target cells in transwell cultures. Also, protein arrays using lung fibroblasts demonstrated that TL02-59 inhibits the production of chemokines involved in the migration of macrophages to the lung. In thoracic-irradiated mice, TL02-59 prevents RIPF, significantly reduces levels of expression of fibrotic gene products, and significantly reduces the recruitment of CD11b+ macrophages to the lungs. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from RIPF mice show increased Fgr and other senescent cell markers including p16. In human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and in RIPF, Fgr, and other senescent cell biomarkers are increased. In both mouse and human RIPF, there is an accumulation of Fgr-positive proinflammatory CD11b+ macrophages in the lungs. Thus, elevated levels of Fgr in lung senescent cells upregulate profibrotic gene products, and chemokines that might be responsible for macrophage infiltration into lungs. The detection of Fgr in senescent cells that are obtained from BAL during the development of RIPF may help predict the onset and facilitate the delivery of medical countermeasures.
Neuroprotective effect of a medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet on MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mice: a combination of transcriptomics and metabolomics in the substantia nigra and fecal microbiome
Authors: Zhang Wenlong , Chen Shiyu , Huang Xingting , Tong Huichun , Niu Hongxin , Lu Lingli
Published: July 2023

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a low carbohydrate and high-fat protein diet. It plays a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases by elevating the levels of ketone bodies in blood, regulating central and peripheral metabolism and mitochondrial functions, inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and altering the gut microbiota. However, studies on ketogenic therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still in their infancy. Therefore, we examined the possible protective effect of KD in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model, examined the mouse gut microbiota and its metabolites, and performed transcriptomics and metabolomics on the substantia nigra of mice. Our results showed that a long-term medium-chain triglyceride KD (MCT-KD) significantly reduced MPTP-induced damage to dopaminergic (DA) neurons, exerted antioxidant stress through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway, and reversed oxidative stress in DA neurons. The MCT-KD also reduced mitochondrial loss, promoted ATP production, and inhibited the activation of microglia to protect DA neurons in MPTP-induced PD mice. MCT-KD altered the gut microbiota and consequently changed the metabolism of substantia nigra neurons through gut microbiota metabolites. Compared to the MPTP group, MCT-KD increased the abundance of gut microbiota, including Blautia and Romboutsia. MCT-KD also affects purine metabolism in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) by altering fecal metabolites. This study shows that MCT-KD has multiple protective effects against PD.
Association of fecal short-chain fatty acids with clinical severity and gut microbiota in essential tremor and its difference from Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huang Pei , Zhang Pingchen , Du Juanjuan , Gao Chao , Liu Jin , Tan Yuyan , Chen Shengdi
Published: July 2023

Diagnosis of essential tremor (ET) at an early stage can be difficult, especially when distinguishing it from healthy controls (HCs) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, stool sample analysis of gut microbiota and its metabolites provides new ways to detect novel biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as the main metabolites of gut microbiota, were reduced in the feces of PD. However, fecal SCFAs in ET have never been investigated. We aimed to investigate the fecal SCFA levels in ET, assess their relationships with clinical symptoms and gut microbiota, and identify their potential diagnostic abilities. Fecal SCFAs and gut microbiota in 37 ET, 37 de novo PD and 35 HC were measured. Constipation, autonomic dysfunction and tremor severity were evaluated by scales. ET had lower fecal propionic, butyric and isobutyric acid levels than HC. Combined propionic, butyric and isobutyric acid distinguished ET from HC with an AUC of 0.751 (95% CI: 0.634–0.867). ET had lower fecal isovaleric and isobutyric acid levels than PD. Isovaleric and isobutyric acid differentiated ET from PD with an AUC of 0.743 (95% CI: 0.629–0.857). Fecal propionic acid was negatively correlated with constipation and autonomic dysfunction. Isobutyric and isovaleric acid were negatively associated with tremor severity. Lowered fecal SCFAs were related to a decreased abundance of Faecalibacterium and Catenibacterium in ET. In conclusion, fecal SCFAs were decreased in ET and correlated with clinical severity and gut microbiota changes. Fecal propionic, butyric, isobutyric and isovaleric acid might be potential diagnostic and differential diagnostic biomarkers for ET.
Peptide conformational sampling using the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Boulebnane Sami , Lucas Xavier , Meyder Agnes , Adaszewski Stanislaw , Montanaro Ashley
Published: July 2023

Protein folding has attracted considerable research effort in biochemistry in recent decades. In this work, we explore the potential of quantum computing to solve a simplified version of protein folding. More precisely, we numerically investigate the performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) in sampling low-energy conformations of short peptides. We start by benchmarking the algorithm on an even simpler problem: sampling self-avoiding walks. Motivated by promising results, we then apply the algorithm to a more complete version of protein folding, including a simplified physical potential. In this case, we find less promising results: deep quantum circuits are required to achieve accurate results, and the performance of QAOA can be matched by random sampling up to a small overhead. Overall, these results cast serious doubt on the ability of QAOA to address the protein folding problem in the near term, even in an extremely simplified setting.
An elegant scheme of self-testing for multipartite Bell inequalities
Authors: Panwar Ekta , Pandya Palash , Wieśniak Marcin
Published: July 2023

Self-testing is the most accurate form of certification of quantum devices. While self-testing in bipartite Bell scenarios has been thoroughly studied, self-testing in the more complex multipartite Bell scenarios remains largely unexplored. We present a simple and broadly applicable self-testing scheme forN-partite correlation Bell inequalities with two binary outcome observables per party. To showcase the versatility of our proof technique, we obtain self-testing statements for the MABK and WWWŻB family of linear Bell inequalities and Uffink’s family of quadratic Bell inequalities. In particular, we show that theN-partite MABK and Uffink’s quadratic Bell inequalities self-test the GHZ state and anti-commuting observables for each party. While the former uniquely specifies the state, the latter allows for an arbitrary relative phase. To demonstrate the operational relevance of the relative phase, we introduce Uffink’s complex-valuedNpartite Bell expression, whose extremal values self-test the GHZ states and uniquely specify the relative phase.
Computational modeling of AMPK and mTOR crosstalk in glutamatergic synapse calcium signaling
Authors: Leung A. , Rangamani P.
Published: July 2023

Neuronal energy consumption is vital for information processing and memory formation in synapses. The brain consists of just 2% of the human body’s mass, but consumes almost 20% of the body’s energy budget. Most of this energy is attributed to active transport in ion signaling, with calcium being the canonical second messenger of synaptic transmission. Here, we develop a computational model of synaptic signaling resulting in the activation of two protein kinases critical in metabolic regulation and cell fate, AMP-Activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and investigate the effect of glutamate stimulus frequency on their dynamics. Our model predicts that frequencies of glutamate stimulus over 10 Hz perturb AMPK and mTOR oscillations at higher magnitudes by up to 36% and change the area under curve (AUC) by 5%. This dynamic difference in AMPK and mTOR activation trajectories potentially differentiates high frequency stimulus bursts from basal neuronal signaling leading to a downstream change in synaptic plasticity. Further, we also investigate the crosstalk between insulin receptor and calcium signaling on AMPK and mTOR activation and predict that the pathways demonstrate multistability dependent on strength of insulin signaling and metabolic consumption rate. Our predictions have implications for improving our understanding of neuronal metabolism, synaptic pruning, and synaptic plasticity.
Poststroke neutrophil count is predictive of the outcomes of large-artery atherosclerotic stroke and associated with craniocervical atherosclerosis
Authors: Yang Yi , He Yue , Xu Yuhao , Han Wei , Zhao Tian , Shao Yuanwei , Yu Ming
Published: July 2023

Elevation of the neutrophil count is detrimental to the outcome of patients with stroke. The effect of poststroke neutrophil count on the outcome of patients with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke is unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship of poststroke neutrophil count with the functional outcome of patients with LAA stroke, and the relationship of poststroke neutrophil count and craniocervical atherosclerotic stenosis (AS) number in these patients. The AS was defined as ≥ 50% stenosis or occlusion attributed to atherosclerosis on craniocervical large arteries. A total of 297 participants were enrolled in the cohort. In multivariable analyses, neutrophil count [adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.40, p = 0.001] was an independent predictor of 90-day poor functional outcome [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) > 2 points]. The neutrophil count was significantly associated with the craniocervical AS number in a multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.41, 95% CI 1.16–1.72, p = 0.001]. The poststroke neutrophil count is a valuable predictor of 90-day poor functional outcome of patients with LAA stroke. The poststroke neutrophil count is positively correlated with the craniocervical AS number in these patients.
Shoot gravitropism and organ straightening cooperate to arrive at a mechanically favorable shape in Arabidopsis
Authors: Tsugawa Satoru , Miyake Yuzuki , Okamoto Keishi , Toyota Masatsugu , Yagi Hiroki , Terao Morita Miyo , Hara-Nishimura Ikuko , Demura Taku , Ueda Haruko
Published: July 2023

Gravitropism is the plant organ bending in response to gravity, while a straightening mechanism prevents bending beyond the gravitropic set-point angle. The promotion and prevention of bending occur simultaneously around the inflorescence stem tip. How these two opposing forces work together and what part of the stem they affect are unknown. To understand the mechanical forces involved, we rotated wild type and organ-straightening-deficient mutant (myosin xif xik) Arabidopsis plants to a horizontal position to initiate bending. The mutant stems started to bend before the wild-type stems, which led us to hypothesize that the force preventing bending was weaker in mutant. We modeled the wild-type and mutant stems as elastic rods, and evaluated two parameters: an organ-angle-dependent gravitropic-responsive parameter (β) and an organ-curvature-dependent proprioceptive-responsive parameter (γ). Our model showed that these two parameters were lower in mutant than in wild type, implying that, unexpectedly, both promotion and prevention of bending are weak in mutant. Subsequently, finite element method simulations revealed that the compressive stress in the middle of the stem was significantly lower in wild type than in mutant. The results of this study show that myosin-XIk-and-XIf-dependent organ straightening adjusts the stress distribution to achieve a mechanically favorable shape.
Climate and soil effects on tree species diversity and aboveground carbon patterns in semi-arid tree savannas
Authors: Mensah Sylvanus , Noulèkoun Florent , Dimobe Kangbéni , Seifert Thomas , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: July 2023

Climatic and edaphic effects are increasingly being discussed in the context of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning. Here we use data from West African semi-arid tree savannas and contrasting climatic conditions (lowervs. higher mean annual precipitation-MAP and mean annual temperature-MAT) to (1) determine how climate modulates the effects of species richness on aboveground carbon (AGC); (2) explore how species richness and AGC relate with soil variables in these contrasting climatic conditions; and (3) assess how climate and soil influence directly, and/or indirectly AGC through species richness and stand structural attributes such as tree density and size variation. We find that greater species richness is generally associated with higher AGC, but more strongly in areas with higher MAP, which also have greater stem density.There is a climate-related influence of soils on AGC, which decreases from lower to higher MAP conditions. Variance partitioning analyses and structural equation modelling show that, across all sites, MAP, relative to soils, has smaller effect on AGC, mediated by stand structural attributes whereas soil texture and fertility explain 14% of variations in AGC and influence AGC directly and indirectly via species richness and stand structural attributes. Our results highlight coordinated effects of climate and soils on AGC, which operated primarily via the mediation role of species diversity and stand structures.
Better prediction of clinical outcome in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on a 6 metabolism-related gene signature
Authors: Yu Zhixian , Zhan Yating , Guo Yong , He Dalin
Published: July 2023

It has been reported that metabolic disorders participate in the formation and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the predictive value of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) in clinical outcome of ccRCC is still largely unknown. Herein, a novel metabolism-related signature was generated to assess the effect of MRGs on the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Important module MRGs were selected by differentially expressed analysis and WGCNA. Subsequently, the hub MRGs were screened via univariate cox regression as well as LASSO regression. A new metabolism-related signature of 6 hub MRGs (PAFAH2, ACADSB, ACADM, HADH, PYCR1 and ITPKA) was constructed, with a good prognostic prediction ability in the TCGA cohort. The prediction accuracy of this signature was further confirmed in both GSE22541 and FAHWMU cohort. Interestingly, this MRG risk signature was highly correlated with tumor mutation burden and immune infiltration in ccRCC. Notably, lower PAFAH2, a member of 6 MRGs, was found in ccRCC. Knockdown of PAFAH2 contributed to renal cancer cell proliferation and migration. Collectively, a 6-MRG prognostic risk signature is generated to estimate the prognostic status of ccRCC patients, providing a novel insight in the prognosis prediction and treatment of ccRCC.
Elevated urinary angiotensinogen excretion links central and renal hemodynamic alterations
Authors: Kosaki Keisei , Park Jiyeon , Matsui Masahiro , Sugaya Takeshi , Kuro-o Makoto , Saito Chie , Yamagata Kunihiro , Maeda Seiji
Published: July 2023

Inappropriate activation of intrarenal renin–angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardio-renal syndrome (CRS). We aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations of urinary angiotensinogen (AGT) excretion, a biomarker of intrarenal RAS activity, with central (aortic) and renal hemodynamic parameters in middle-aged and older adults, including patients with chronic kidney disease. Aortic and renal hemodynamic parameters were measured using applanation tonometry and duplex ultrasonography in 282 participants. Urinary AGT, liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), and plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were measured for each participant. Multiple linear regression analyses demonstrated that urinary AGT levels were associated with aortic blood pressures, pulsatile measures of renal blood flow, plasma NT-proBNP and urinary L-FABP levels after adjusting for potential covariates, including age, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and medication use. Additionally, when classified based on GFR stages and urinary AGT levels, plasma NT-proBNP and urinary L-FABP levels increased in participants with lower GFR and higher AGT groups. Our findings suggest that urinary AGT excretion is a shared determinant of central (aortic) and renal hemodynamics in middle-aged and older adults, providing clinical evidence for the potential role of intrarenal RAS activity in the development of CRS.
Herbicide resistance status impacts the profile of non-anthocyanin polyphenolics and some phytomedical properties of edible cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.) flowers
Authors: Gawlik-Dziki Urszula , Wrzesińska-Krupa Barbara , Nowak Renata , Pietrzak Wioletta , Zyprych-Walczak Joanna , Obrępalska-Stęplowska Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

To ensure sufficient food supply worldwide, plants are treated with pesticides to provide protection against pathogens and pests. Herbicides are the most commonly utilised pesticides, used to reduce the growth of weeds. However, their long-term use has resulted in the emergence of herbicide-resistant biotypes in many weed species. Cornflower (Centaureacyanus L., Asteraceae) is one of these plants, whose biotypes resistant to herbicides from the group of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors have begun to emerge in recent years. Some plants, although undesirable in crops and considered as weeds, are of great importance in phytomedicine and food production, and characterised by a high content of health-promoting substances, including antioxidants. Our study aimed to investigate how the acquisition of herbicide resistance affects the health-promoting properties of plants on the example of cornflower, as well as how they are affected by herbicide treatment. To this end, we analysed non-anthocyanin polyphenols and antioxidant capacity in flowers of C.cyanus from herbicide-resistant and susceptible biotypes. Our results indicated significant compositional changes associated with an increase in the content of substances and activities that have health-promoting properties. High antioxidant activity and higher total phenolic and flavonoid compounds as well as reducing power were observed in resistant biotypes. The latter one increased additionally after herbicide treatment which might also suggest their role in the resistance acquisition mechanism. Overall, these results show that the herbicide resistance development, although unfavourable to crop production, may paradoxically have very positive effects for medicinal plants such as cornflower.
Unveiling the drives behind tetracycline adsorption capacity with biochar through machine learning
Authors: Zhang Pengyan , Liu Chong , Lao Dongqing , Nguyen Xuan Cuong , Paramasivan Balasubramanian , Qian Xiaoyan , Inyinbor Adejumoke Abosede , Hu Xuefei , You Yongjun , Li Fayong
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to develop a robust predictive model for tetracycline (TC) adsorption onto biochar (BC) by employing machine learning techniques to investigate the underlying driving factors. Four machine learning algorithms, namely Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), were used to model the adsorption of TC on BC using the data from 295 adsorption experiments. The analysis revealed that the RF model had the highest predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.9625) compared to ANN (R2 = 0.9410), GBDT (R2 = 0.9152), and XGBoost (R2 = 0.9592) models. This study revealed that BC with a specific surface area (S (BET)) exceeding 380 cm3·g−1 and particle sizes ranging between 2.5 and 14.0 nm displayed the greatest efficiency in TC adsorption. The TC-to-BC ratio was identified as the most influential factor affecting adsorption efficiency, with a weight of 0.595. The concentration gradient between the adsorbate and adsorbent was demonstrated to be the principal driving force behind TC adsorption by BC. A predictive model was successfully developed to estimate the sorption performance of various types of BC for TC based on their properties, thereby facilitating the selection of appropriate BC for TC wastewater treatment.
Ultrasound therapy for a week promotes regeneration and reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages in a rat sciatic nerve autograft model
Authors: Kawai Hideki , Ito Akira , Kawaguchi Asuka , Nagai-Tanima Momoko , Nakahara Ryo , Xu Shixuan , Kuroki Hiroshi
Published: July 2023

Peripheral nerve injury causes long-term motor dysfunction. Ultrasound (US) therapy is expected to accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration. However, its optimal usage and effects on macrophage phenotypes during peripheral nerve regeneration remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the optimal duration of US therapy and its effects on macrophage phenotype. Twenty-seven rats with autologous sciatic nerve grafting were divided into three groups: two received US therapy (1 MHz frequency, intensity of 140 mW/cm2, 20% duty cycle, 5 min/day) for one (US1) or 4 weeks (US4), and one group received sham stimulation. Immunohistochemistry was performed 3 and 7 days after injury in another set of 12 rats. Eight weeks after the injury, the compound muscle action potential amplitude of the gastrocnemius in the US1 and US4 groups was significantly higher than that in the sham group. The toe-spreading test showed functional recovery, whereas the gait pattern during treadmill walking did not recover. There were no significant differences in motor function, histomorphometry, or muscle weight between groups. Immunohistochemistry showed that US therapy decreased the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages seven days after injury. Therefore, US therapy for both one or 4 weeks can similarly promote reinnervation and reduce proinflammatory macrophages in autograft model rats.
Experimental investigation on fracturing effects in hydraulic sand fracturing with acoustic emission and 3d laser scanning
Authors: Zhang Shuhui , Wang Chenghu , Zhu Guangpei , Gao Guiyun , Zhou Hao
Published: July 2023

Due to the extremely low permeability of shale reservoirs, large-scale reservoir fracturing is required. Hydraulic fracturing is one of the most important technologies in shale gas exploration and development. In this paper, the acoustic emission energy and the number of location and fracture surface morphology of specimens before and after fracture are studied through hydraulic sand fracturing test. The test results show that: (1) the energy ratio obtained during hydraulic fracturing without proppant is the smallest, and increasing the confining pressure, as well as reducing the displacement and viscosity of the fracturing fluid will cause the energy ratio to decrease. From the perspective of acoustic emission energy, the proppant play an important role in the generation of fractures during hydraulic sand fracturing; (2) when the confining pressure increases, the number of shale specimens before and after rupture is the largest, but the total number of locating events is smaller than the sanding ratio increased; there is no proppant hydraulic fracturing, the number of specimens before and after the rupture is the largest. And the total number reached the minimum, indicating that the proppant can play an important role in the hydraulic sand fracturing test; (3) the sand is relatively large, the specific surface and standard deviation both reach the maximum, indicating that the fracture surface roughness is the largest under the test condition, and the fracturing effect is the best, but the specific surface and standard deviation are the minimum when fracturing without proppant, so indicating that the fracture surface fracturing effect is the worst at this time.
Selective activation of AKAP150/TRPV1 in ventrolateral periaqueductal gray GABAergic neurons facilitates conditioned place aversion in male mice
Authors: Bai Xiaohui , Zhang Kun , Ou Chaopeng , Nie Bilin , Zhang Jianxing , Huang Yongtian , Zhang Yingjun , Huang Jingxiu , Ouyang Handong , Cao Minghui , Huang Wan
Published: July 2023

Aversion refers to feelings of strong dislike or avoidance toward particular stimuli or situations. Aversion can be caused by pain stimuli and has a long-term negative impact on physical and mental health. Aversion can also be caused by drug abuse withdrawal, resulting in people with substance use disorder to relapse. However, the mechanisms underlying aversion remain unclear. The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) is considered to play a key role in aversive behavior. Our study showed that inhibition of vlPAG GABAergic neurons significantly attenuated the conditioned place aversion (CPA) induced by hindpaw pain pinch or naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. However, activating or inhibiting glutamatergic neurons, or activating GABAergic neurons cannot affect or alter CPA response. AKAP150 protein expression and phosphorylated TRPV1 (p-TRPV1) were significantly upregulated in these two CPA models. In AKAP150flox/flox mice and C57/B6J wild-type mice, cell-type-selective inhibition of AKAP150 in GABAergic neurons in the vlPAG attenuated aversion. However, downregulating AKAP150 in glutamatergic neurons did not attenuate aversion. Knockdown of AKAP150 in GABAergic neurons effectively reversed the p-TRPV1 upregulation in these two CPA models utilized in our study. Collectively, inhibition of the AKAP150/p-TRPV1 pathway in GABAergic neurons in the vlPAG may be considered a potential therapeutic target for the CPA response.
P62/SQSTM1 binds with claudin-2 to target for selective autophagy in stressed intestinal epithelium
Authors: Ahmad Rizwan , Kumar Balawant , Tamang Raju Lama , Talmon Geoffrey A. , Dhawan Punita , Singh Amar B.
Published: July 2023

Impaired autophagy promotes Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Claudin-2 is upregulated in IBD however its role in the pathobiology remains uncertain due to its complex regulation, including by autophagy. Irrespective, claudin-2 expression protects mice from DSS colitis. This study was undertaken to examine if an interplay between autophagy and claudin-2 protects from colitis and associated epithelial injury. Crypt culture and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are subjected to stress, including starvation or DSS, the chemical that induces colitis in-vivo. Autophagy flux, cell survival, co-immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assay, and gene mutational studies are performed. These studies reveal that under colitis/stress conditions, claudin-2 undergoes polyubiquitination and P62/SQSTM1-assisted degradation through autophagy. Inhibiting autophagy-mediated claudin-2 degradation promotes cell death and thus suggest that claudin-2 degradation promotes autophagy flux to promote cell survival. Overall, these data inform for the previously undescribed role for claudin-2 in facilitating IECs survival under stress conditions, which can be harnessed for therapeutic advantages.
Federated benchmarking of medical artificial intelligence with MedPerf
Authors: Karargyris Alexandros , Umeton Renato , Sheller Micah J. , Aristizabal Alejandro , George Johnu , Wuest Anna , Pati Sarthak , Kassem Hasan , Zenk Maximilian , Baid Ujjwal , Narayana Moorthy Prakash , Chowdhury Alexander , Guo Junyi , Nalawade Sahil , Rosenthal Jacob , Kanter David , Xenochristou Maria , Beutel Daniel J. , Chung Verena , Bergquist Timothy , Eddy James , Abid Abubakar , Tunstall Lewis , Sanseviero Omar , Dimitriadis Dimitrios , Qian Yiming , Xu Xinxing , Liu Yong , Goh Rick Siow Mong , Bala Srini , Bittorf Victor , Puchala Sreekar Reddy , Ricciuti Biagio , Samineni Soujanya , Sengupta Eshna , Chaudhari Akshay , Coleman Cody , Desinghu Bala , Diamos Gregory , Dutta Debo , Feddema Diane , Fursin Grigori , Huang Xinyuan , Kashyap Satyananda , Lane Nicholas , Mallick Indranil ,   FeTS Consortium,   BraTS-2020 Consortium,   AI4SafeChole Consortium, Mascagni Pietro , Mehta Virendra , Moraes Cassiano Ferro , Natarajan Vivek , Nikolov Nikola , Padoy Nicolas , Pekhimenko Gennady , Reddi Vijay Janapa , Reina G. Anthony , Ribalta Pablo , Singh Abhishek , Thiagarajan Jayaraman J. , Albrecht Jacob , Wolf Thomas , Miller Geralyn , Fu Huazhu , Shah Prashant , Xu Daguang , Yadav Poonam , Talby David , Awad Mark M. , Howard Jeremy P. , Rosenthal Michael , Marchionni Luigi , Loda Massimo , Johnson Jason M. , Bakas Spyridon , Mattson Peter
Published: July 2023

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has tremendous potential to advance healthcare by supporting and contributing to the evidence-based practice of medicine, personalizing patient treatment, reducing costs, and improving both healthcare provider and patient experience. Unlocking this potential requires systematic, quantitative evaluation of the performance of medical AI models on large-scale, heterogeneous data capturing diverse patient populations. Here, to meet this need, we introduce MedPerf, an open platform for benchmarking AI models in the medical domain. MedPerf focuses on enabling federated evaluation of AI models, by securely distributing them to different facilities, such as healthcare organizations. This process of bringing the model to the data empowers each facility to assess and verify the performance of AI models in an efficient and human-supervised process, while prioritizing privacy. We describe the current challenges healthcare and AI communities face, the need for an open platform, the design philosophy of MedPerf, its current implementation status and real-world deployment, our roadmap and, importantly, the use of MedPerf with multiple international institutions within cloud-based technology and on-premises scenarios. Finally, we welcome new contributions by researchers and organizations to further strengthen MedPerf as an open benchmarking platform.
Renaissance of elemental phosphorus materials: properties, synthesis, and applications in sustainable energy and environment
Authors: Tian Haijiang , Wang Jiahong , Lai Gengchang , Dou Yanpeng , Gao Jie , Duan Zunbin , Feng Xiaoxiao , Wu Qi , He Xingchen , Yao Linlin , Zeng Li , Liu Yanna , Yang Xiaoxi , Zhao Jing , Zhuang Shulin , Shi Jianbo , Qu Guangbo , Yu Xue-Feng , Chu Paul K. , Jiang Guibin
Published: July 2023

This review summarizes the advancements in elemental phosphorus materials, focusing on fundamental physicochemical properties, synthesis, and applications in sustainable energy and environment.
Natural sporopollenin microcapsules: biological evaluation and application in regulating hepatic toxicity of diclofenac sodium in vivo
Authors: Meligi Noha M. , Dyab Amro K. F.
Published: July 2023

The role of DIC-loaded LCS microcapsules in regulating plain DIC-induced hepatic toxicity in rats is shown. Intact microcapsules were detected in the blood, stomach, intestine, and feces. LCS exhibited remarkable robustness and bioadhesion ability.
Fine valence regulation of hydrated vanadium oxide as a novel cathode for stable potassium-ion storage
Authors: Zhu Yi-ran , Cao Kuo , Chen Fei , Dong Jie-min , Ren Nai-qing , Chen Chun-hua
Published: July 2023

We first introduce V10O24·nH2O as an ultra-large interlayer spacing (14 Å) cathode material for potassium-ion batteries and identify the mechanism of intercalation pseudo-capacitance of this novel cathode.
Surface-functionalized boron nanosheets and their assembled suprastructures with unprecedented proton-transport properties
Authors: Zhan Hongfeng , Dong Mengwei , Qiu Shengchuang , Wang Xiaoshan , Chao Lingfeng , Huang Zhendong , Chen Yonghua , Li Hai , Huang Xiao , Li Shaozhou
Published: July 2023

A novel wet chemical method has been established for the synthesis of bifunctionalized boron nanosheets well-suited for humidity sensing and proton conduction.
Organic electrode materials and carbon/small-sulfur composites for affordable, lightweight and sustainable batteries
Authors: Luo Chao
Published: July 2023

This feature article focuses on the challenges, developments, and strategies for organic electrode materials and carbon/small-sulfur composites to provide insights for sustainable batteries.
Selectivity control for CO2 electroreduction to syngas using Fe/CuOx catalysts with high current density
Authors: Liu Hui , Shi Enting , Guo Weiwei , Sun Zhaoyang , Fang Zijian , Zhu Zhijun , Jiao Lei , Zhai Yanling , Lu Xiaoquan
Published: July 2023

We reported well-dispersed bimetallic Fe/CuOx as an eCO2RR catalyst through a simple method. The catalytic system was shown to enable the control of CO/H2 ratio in a wide range by simply changing the ratio of Fe over Cu in Fe/CuOx.
Distinguishing different surface interactions for nucleotides adsorbed onto hematite and goethite particle surfaces through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and DFT calculations
Authors: Sit Izaac , Young Mark A. , Kubicki James D. , Grassian Vicki H.
Published: July 2023

Geochemical interfaces can impact the fate and transport of aqueous species in the environment including biomolecules.
Electrochemical transformations catalyzed by cytochrome P450s and peroxidases
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , He Jie , Rusling James F.
Published: July 2023

The electrochemistry of heme-containing enzymes (including cytochrome P450s and peroxidases) and their applications in electrosynthesis are reviewed.
Removal of nonylphenol ethoxylate from laundry wastewater using modified and functionalized activated carbon
Authors: Khajvand Mahdieh , Drogui Patrick , Pichon Loick , El Khakani My Ali , Tyagi Rajeshwar Dayal , Brien Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

Nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactants find wide applications in various industries.
Evolution of the electrical double layer with electrolyte concentration probed by second harmonic scattering
Authors: Chu Bingxin , Biriukov Denys , Bischoff Marie , Předota Milan , Roke Sylvie , Marchioro Arianna
Published: July 2023

We follow the evolution of the electrical double layer of colloidal SiO2 particles from the micromolar to the millimolar regime using nonlinear optical techniques and evidence a diffuse layer compression.
Metal biosorption onto non-living algae: a critical review on metal recovery from wastewater
Authors: Carreira Ana R. F. , Passos Helena , Coutinho João A. P.
Published: July 2023

Addressed limitations of the application of non-living algae for metal sorption from wastewater.
Protruding cantilever microelectrode array to monitor the inner electrical activity of cerebral organoids
Authors: Phouphetlinthong Oramany , Partiot Emma , Bernou Corentin , Sebban Audrey , Gaudin Raphael , Charlot Benoit
Published: July 2023

An array of protruding cantilever microelectrodes has been developed to measure the inner electrical activity of a cerebral organoid grown from human embryonic stem cells.
Zr vs. Ti molecular and silica-supported imido complexes in stoichiometric and catalytic oxo/imido heterometathesis
Authors: Pichugov Andrey V. , Rumyantsev Andrey V. , Bushkov Nikolai S. , Zhizhin Anton A. , Aleshin Dmitry Yu. , Talanova Valeria N. , Takazova Rina U. , Trummer David , Mance Deni , Zhizhko Pavel A. , Zarubin Dmitry N.
Published: July 2023

Zr imido chemistry: well-defined silica-supported Zr imido complexes via Surface Organometallic Chemistry, oxo/imido heterometathesis and comparison with Ti analogs.
Supramolecular protection with a recyclable molecular container: an efficient strategy for the one-pot selective functionalization of polyfunctional substrates
Authors: Lambert Simon , Bartik Kristin , Jabin Ivan
Published: July 2023

The use of a supramolecular protecting molecular container, whose host-guest properties are under acid–base control, enables the functionalization with high chemo-, regio- and iteroselectivities of polyamines in a one-pot cyclic process.
Effect of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio on the electrochemical performance of amorphous zeolite loaded with cobalt oxide grown via steam-assisted crystallization method
Authors: Moafor Saureille Ngouana , Tsobnang Patrice Kenfack , Oyedotun Kabir Oyeniran , Lontio Fomekong Roussin , Kabongo Guy L. , Lebohang Macheli , Lambi John Ngolui , Jewell Linda L.
Published: July 2023

The investigation of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio on electrochemical performance of amorphous zeolite loaded with cobalt oxide reveals that it is important to keep that ratio as high as possible for optimum supercapacitive properties.
Simple and sensitive detection of miRNA-122 based on a micro-biosensor through square wave voltammetry
Authors: Zhai Jiali , Sun Huiyuan , Li Mingkang , Gao Yuhao , Hu Yixin , Gao Zhi , Xie Xiyu , Zhang Lixia , Zhao Guangtao
Published: July 2023

The simple and sensitive detection of miRNA-122 in blood is crucially important for early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis.
Triplet quenching pathway control with molecular dyads enables the identification of a highly oxidizing annihilator class
Authors: Bertrams Maria-Sophie , Hermainski Katharina , Mörsdorf Jean-Marc , Ballmann Joachim , Kerzig Christoph
Published: July 2023

Molecular dyads efficiently transfer the triplet energy, whereas the parent metal complexes and organic photosensitizers reduce these substrates, leading to the identification of unexplored triplet photochemistry and novel aqueous annihilators.
Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide on BiNiOx−4andin situdisinfection
Authors: Shao Yizhen , Fei Yanfei , Feng Ge , Zhang Shijie , Peng Xiaoge , Jiang Chenghang , Li Yuanan , Hu Zhong-Ting , Bao Zhikang , Wang Jianguo
Published: July 2023

The BiNiOx−4catalyst prepared by sol–gel method has high selectivity for electrocatalytic production of H2O2(93.2% at 0.4 VRHE), as well as a yield of 223 mmol L−1in 2 h, and favourable bactericidal effect. The mechanism involved was demonstrated by DFT calculations.
Chinese dumpling-like NaTi2(PO4)3/MXene@reduced graphene oxide for capacitive deionization with high capacity and good cycling stability
Authors: Shen Xiaojie , Xiong Yuecheng , Yu Fei , Ma Jie
Published: July 2023

A faradaic electrode (M-NTP/rGO) was prepared with strong Na+ intercalation capacity via in situ partial derivation strategy. High CDI performance highlights that MXene will be a potential bridge to connect faradaic and non-faradaic materials.
A hollow nano-flower NiCo2O4@Nb2CTx MXene heterostructure via interfacial engineering for high-performance flexible supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Shen Baolei , Liao Xilin , Hu Xianjin , Ren Hai-Tao , Lin Jia-Horng , Lou Ching-Wen , Li Ting-Ting
Published: July 2023

The hollow nano-flower NICO2O4@Nb2CTx MXene heterostructure composite for flexible supercapacitor with ultra-high energy density and excellent long-cycle durability.
Zn, Cd and Hg doping of AgInS2 quantum dots – efficient strategy to modify nonlinear absorption
Authors: Kosman Rafał , Wawrzyńczyk Dominika , Nyk Marcin , Pawlyta Mirosława , Bezkrovnyi Oleksii , Cichy Bartłomiej
Published: July 2023

This work aims to investigate a possible strategy to enhance the nonlinear optical absorption in a well-known group of defect-rich ternary AgInS2 quantum dots.
Evolution of natural eyes and biomimetic imaging devices for effective image acquisition
Authors: Kim Min Su , Yeo Ji-Eun , Choi Hyeonseung , Chang Sehui , Kim Dae-Hyeong , Song Young Min
Published: July 2023

In the natural evolutionary process, biological creatures have developed diverse visual structures apt for their habitational environments. These structures have contributed to the advances of various imaging devices.
A new highly sensitive cryogenic luminescent MOF thermometer built with pyromellitic acid
Authors: Amiaud Thibault , Jubera Véronique , Serier-Brault Hélène
Published: July 2023

Design of a new highly sensitive cryogenic luminescent thermometer based on a mixed Eu/Tb MOF.
Optical chemical sensors for soil analysis: possibilities and challenges of visualising NH3 concentrations as well as pH and O2 microscale heterogeneity
Authors: Merl Theresa , Hu Yihuai , Pedersen Johanna , Zieger Silvia E. , Bornø Marie Louise , Tariq Azeem , Sommer Sven Gjedde , Koren Klaus
Published: July 2023

The spatiotemporal heterogeneities and agricultural influences of soils can be imaged in 2D with optical chemical sensors inside and above non-waterlogged soils.
Developmental Language Disorder and Writing: A Scoping Review From Childhood to Adulthood
Authors: Tucci Alexander , Choi Elizabeth
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review of literature focused on the effects of developmental language disorder (DLD) on writing skills across the life span to highlight gaps in our knowledge of how to support writing for this population.

Method:

We adopted the five-step framework for conducting scoping reviews outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) to identify literature focused on writing outcomes for individuals with DLD in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

Results:

Seventy-two studies from 1991 to 2022 met review criteria. Results indicated that spelling may be an area of relative weakness for individuals with DLD across the life span. Children and adolescents with DLD also may have relative difficulty with grammar, organization, cohesion, and length of written output. Research on the writing skills of adults with DLD is too sparse to draw broad conclusions about the writing skills of this subset of the population with DLD.

Conclusions:

Overall, research into the writing skills of individuals with DLD is limited, and more information is needed to inform functional evidence-based approaches to assessment and intervention of writing for those with DLD from childhood through adulthood. Additionally, more focus on electronic writing in research is needed, as only two studies included in this review examined typed writing in any form. Results of this review also indicate a need for systematic, uniform approaches to defining and measuring writing skills for those who experience language difficulties.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23596797
Adapting Curricula for Children With Language Comprehension Deficits
Authors: Bridges Mindy S. , Curran Maura , Neal Corinne , Piasta Shayne , Fleming Kandace , Hogan Tiffany
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

We will describe how a multisite research team adapted a language-focused curriculum to be used in a scale-up project. Specifically, we identified underlying principles to modify a Tier 1 whole-classroom language comprehension–focused curriculum to be used as a Tier 2 small-group curriculum with children identified as at risk for low language comprehension, including children with developmental language disorder (DLD).

Method:

We discuss how researchers used the following five guiding principles to adapt a curriculum for children at risk for low language comprehension, including children with DLD: (a) increased and ongoing professional development, (b) simplification of language input, (c) increased scaffolding, (d) attention to distributed practice, and (e) materials to support diversity and inclusion.

Results:

We used these guiding principles to modify a popular language-based curriculum used in schools across the country.

Conclusion:

This clinical focus article showcases how guiding principles and frameworks for adaptation, within implementation science, can serve as a guidepost for speech-language pathologists and other educators who are adapting or scaling up a curriculum or intervention that was not designed for their target population.
Analysis of the association between glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria and metabolic syndrome in chronic kidney patients based on longitudinal data
Authors: Guo Li , Guo Shanshan , Gong Youlan , Li Jing , Li Jiandong
Published: July 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a group of chronic diseases caused by kidney damage from multiple causes. Metabolic syndrome (MS) manifests as dysfunction of endothelial cells and chronic functional inflammatory states, and may be involved in pathological changes related to renal impairment. Based on longitudinal data analysis of the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria and MS in patients with CKD, this study aims to provide new ideas for the pathophysiological mechanism of CKD and a theoretical basis for the early prevention and effective intervention of MS‐related kidney damage. A total of 126 patients with CKD were divided into non‐MS group and MS group. According to the eGFR level, 126 patients with CKD were divided into G1 group, G2 group, G3a group, G3b group, G4 group and G5 group. Serum markers such as eGFR, urine protein, and triglycerides (TG) were collected. The correlation between eGFR, urine protein and MS‐related indexes was analysed, and the risk factors affecting CKD complicated by MS were analysed. In patients with CKD, the levels of urine protein, abdominal circumference, TG, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting blood glucose (FPG) were increased with the course of the disease, but the levels of eGFR and high density lipoprotein (HDL‐C) were decreased (p < 0.05). Abdominal circumference, TG, SBP, DBP, FP were significantly negatively correlated with eGFR, but HDL‐C was positively correlated with eGFR (p < 0.05). Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, UA, and SBP were independent risk factors affecting CKD complicated MS, and eGFR were independent protective factors (p < 0.05). The combination of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, UA, SBP, and eGFR exhibited higher prediction value for the CKD patients complicated by MS. There was a certain correlation between between MS components with eGFR and urinary protein in patients with CKD. The early intervention treatment of MS was helpful in delaying the development of CKD and reducing proteinuria.