bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Question of Legitimacy: Kenya's Recognition Policy of Governments under Moi during the Cold War – Eastern Africa Countries (1978-1990)
Authors: Mabeya Danvas Ogeto
Published: April 2021

During the 1970’s, majority of states, including Kenya followed the practice of recognizing states and not governments. In so doing, they downplayed the granting of formal recognition to new governments. Kenya’s policy, then, was clearly stated in parliament in 1971 when the then foreign affairs minister, Dr. Njoroge Mungai, was asked to comment on the Kenya government’s position on the military regime of General Idi Amin of Uganda. He stated, “Kenya could not afford to interfere with internal matters of another state nor let any state interfere with internal matters of Kenya.” However, during the Post–Cold War period, Kenya’s recognition policy underwent major transformations to include recognition of de jure governments. This study critically examines Kenya’s practice during and after the Cold War in a bid to reveal any distinct policy trends if any. The study aims to ascertain how, Kenya’s recognition policy, has largely, been formulated, articulated and exercised during Moi’s administration (1978-1990).
The Kurds of Northern Syria: Governance, Diversity, and Conflicts: Book Review
Authors: SARGI ISLAM
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present a review of The Kurds of Northern Syria: Governance, Diversity, and Conflicts written by Harriet Allsopp and Wladimir van Wilgenburg, granted by the International Development Research Center, (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada Iraq Studies (IIST), First Published in Great Britain, 2019.
Prevalence of Use of Social Network Sites among Adolescent Secondary School Students, Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Kuyokwa John , Bowa Howard
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of use of social network sites among adolescent students in secondary schools.  A cross-sectional study design was done and simple random sampling technique was used. Quantitative research methodologies were used in data generation and analysis. Data was collected in April (2019), n=59 students were involved. SPSSv26 and Excel were used in quantitative data analysis. N=59 participants involved; Females (54%) and Males (46%). Aged between 10-19 years; attending year 1 to 4 of secondary school education.  Gadgets used for social networking were smartphones (88%), personal computers (8%) and iPads (4%). The social network sites that were used were Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, Twitter and WhatsApp. The study further observed that some students are bullied on social media platforms. The purpose for use of these social network sites was for the following reasons; entertainment (45%), keep in contact with old friends (39%), make new friends (10%) and academic purposes (9%). Adolescents are using social network sites in secondary schools. If the use of social media platforms can be well utilized, it may result in improved education among learners in low income settings like Malawi.
Ideal Execution of Civil, Cases Based on Principles of Justice to create a Simple and Low-cost Judiciary
Authors: Garwan Irma
Published: April 2021

Execution of civil case decision at the normative and implementative levels often causes juridical, sociological, and philosophical problems. The juridical problems may arise since the norms that regulate execution are often too short, simple, and not detailed; this could also cause problems at the implementative level. On top of that, the problems may be caused by a non-executable legally-binding decision (inkracht van gewijs de zaak). The objectives of the study are to investigate the ideal implementation of execution for the winning party to be in accordance with the provisions in Article 2 para. (4) and Article 4 para. (2) of Law No. 48/2009 concerning Judicial Power. The study employs a juridical, normative, and historical approach, as well as an in-concreto law discovery method. The study involved secondary data acquired from the review of relevant legal literatures. The data were analyzed and presented qualitatively. The results reveal that the principles of simple, fast, and low-cost judiciary is actualized if, in practice, the District Court Chief does not have to wait for the High Court Chief’s approval. Therefore, the Supreme Court shall prepare personnel (who have been appointed as Civil Servants) as the instruments to carry out the execution of legally-binding decisions.
Assessing the Disparities of Per-capita Electricity Consumption in North-Eastern States of India Using Gini Index and Lorenz Curve
Authors: Basumatary Sijousa , Devi Mridula , Basumatary Konita
Published: April 2021

Electricity is the basic need for individuals, households and industries. It is used for everyday life activities by the households, agricultural activities, commercial buildings and industries. The per capita electricity consumption is a proxy indicator growth and development status of a region. All the north eastern states consume per-capita electricity lesser than the national average except Sikkim. The per capita consumption of electricity by Nagaland, Assam and Manipur is nearly just one-third of the national average. Notably, these three north eastern states consume just 40 percent of per capita electricity compared to the highest consumer state Meghalaya. The present study is an evaluation of the per-capita electricity consumption trend and inequality amongst the north-eastern states of India using Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve for two different time periods i.e. 2007 and 2017. We find that Tripura’s annual linear growth rate of per-capita electricity consumption is the highest (3 percent) while that of Meghalaya is the least (1 percent) and the other five states are growing equally at the rate of 2 percent. The Gini coefficient is found to be decreasing from 0.137 in 2007 to 0.122 in 2017. We conclude that the level of inequality is reducing among north eastern states of India though the per-capita consumption of electricity is less than the national average.
Political Theology Without Religion
Authors: Isrow Zachary
Published: April 2021

There is a constant tension that exists within each individual. This is the struggle between the hidden ideologies and fixed ideas which enslave the individual and the need to rid themselves of them. It is through these that implicit religion forms. We require, in order to counteract this, a new theology, a secular theology – one which emphasizes the individual. In order to bring about a new theology, it is necessary to reconsider the philosophies of Adam Weishaupt, Louis Althusser, and Max Stirner and bring them into the modern discussion of implicit religion. This paper aims to bring together these understudied philosophers as well as contemporary leaders in political theology in order to reimagine the potential of the individual to rid themselves from fixed ideas and to realize their potential.
Dialectical Implementation of Contractual Obligation in Light of the Spread of the coronavirus COVID19 Pandemic between Force Majeure and Unforeseen: A Comparative Study
Authors: Alnimer Raed Mohammed Flieh
Published: April 2021

The paper seeks to examine the situations that have arisen with the global spread of Coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the implementation of contractual obligations. This is in light of the fact that governments have been taking multiple measures, for instance issuing orders regarding the closure of unnecessary activities in order to mitigate the spread of coronavirus COVID-19. The fast progression of this pandemic meant that contractual parties have not been capable of being in line with the terms stipulated in the contract because of multiple factors, such as government actions, the implementation of social distancing, the lack of infrastructure in areas such as ports and terminals, or supply chain implications.  Thus, legal questions emerged which will be addressed with reference to Bahraini legislation, along with the presenting of suggestions to overcome such issues using analytical method and comparative approach.
Corona Virus Health Crisis (COVID-19) and Reconfiguration of Stability/Power Poles in the International System
Authors: MFONKA Abdoulaye
Published: April 2021

The international system is regularly changing whether in times of peace or crisis. This sometimes makes it very complex to determine precisely who the “policeman of the world” is. This position varies according to the context. Since the end of 2019, the world has been facing a severe health crisis caused by a new virus, SAR-Cov 2, also known as Coronavirus or Covid-19. The question on everyone’s minds is whether this health crisis will redefine of the poles of stability and power in the global system. It appears to be a strong factor that will revive the latent and manifest positioning struggles that have shaken the international system since the end of the cold war, a system seized by unimultipolarity and the leadership quarrels of the emerging powers. We may or not end up with the overthrow of the current world order with regards to the managerial approach to the crisis by the various world powers.
Late Referral of Eisenmenger Syndrome in Pregnancy at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Ali Abdat Amira , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Background: Pregnancy with Eisenmenger syndrome is an obstetric problem which numbers keep rising every year. The cases require specific,decisive,and multidisciplinary approach.The unavailability of accurate diagnostic procedures, as well as the national consensus that has not been agreed on, all contributes to the increasing number of late referral that cause morbidity and the high risk of mortality. Purpose:  To know number and cause of late referral cases with Eisenmenger syndrome at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya in 2018-2019. Methods: Retrospective study by using medical records data of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya on January 2018- December 2019. Result: There are 18 cases of Eisenmenger syndrome from January 2018 to December 2019. Approximately 3 cases are timely referral while 15 cases are late referral cases. From those 15 late referral cases, about 12 cases (80%) are pregnant. Based on the risk factors, 73% of the patients have a congenital heart disease (Atrial septal defect) and severe pulmonary hypertension. In the postpartum referral cases group, 3 cases were referred because of suspected heart disease postpartum. Nearly all of the late referred cases have a bad prognosis those maternal deaths. There were 7 maternal deaths caused by cardiogenic shock. Regarding the source of referral, the majority of referred pregnant patient comes from out of Surabaya (73%), while for the postpartum patient, 13 % was referred from out of Surabaya.  According to the referral types, the majority of the late referral cases are emergency referral (73%), as for the postpartum referral, 20% are emergency referral. Conclusion: The number of late referral in Eisenmenger syndrome in Dr. Soetomo general hospital is still high. Further socialization and trainings regarding the early detection and management of Eisenmenger syndrome is still very much needed.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Obesity in a Single Tertiary Referral Hospital in January - December 2017
Authors: Virdayanti Dian Puspita , Gumilar Khanisyah Erza
Published: April 2021

Background: Maternal obesity is defined when BMI is above 30. It is now considered one of the most commonly occurring risk factors seen in obstetric practice and it increased risks of specific complications, and to medical, surgical and technical challenges in providing safe maternity care. Objectives: This study aims to review maternal dan neonatal outcomes and complications from pregnant women with obesity in Soetomo General Hospital on January - December 2017. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study by using medical record data of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital on January - December 2017. Results: There were 297 (21,5%) of maternal obesity from 1384 deliveries, in which the majority age range from 20-34 years old and multiparity. The most BMI category was BMI class 1 (61%). Caesarean section (77,4%) in this study became a major proportion in mode of delivery. In our study, the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy was high (45,4%), while the incidence of severe preeclampsia were 20,9%. The incidence of gestational diabetes were 7,1%, and pregestational diabetes were 3,4%. In our cases, there were 294 cases (94,2%) of livebirth, while there were four stillbirth cases. The incidence of intrauterine fetal death were four cases. There were 11 cases of macrosomia, 7 in 11 came from mother with obesity class III. Other neonatal complications are intrauterine growth restriction which were 26 cases and 18 cases congenital malformation. Conclusion: Most maternal complications in obese pregnant women are severe preeclampsia with mode of delivery by cesarean section. Gestational diabetes cases were found mostly in maternal obesity class I, while pregestational diabetes cases were found mostly in maternal obesity class II. Most neonatal Apgar score in our study were between 7-10, while most of congenital malformation was omphalocele
A Prophetic Medicine: Potential Therapeutic Effect of Nigella sativa for Osteoarthritis
Authors: Al Hajiri Aufar Zimamuz Zaman , Abdillah Diaz Syafrie , Zulfikar Mohammad Qoimam Bilqisthi
Published: April 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis (inflammation of the joints). OA can affect all cartilage throughout the body, including the spine, but mainly attacks the legs from the pelvis, especially the knee to the ankle which affects about 10% of men and 18% of women over 60 years old. Pharmacotherapy, surgery, and complementary therapy are the currently managements of OA. Nigella sativa (NS) is one of the herbal plants which is part of the prophet's medicines in the Islamic world which still used. Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of NS compound, has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibit the formation of eicosanoids in leukocytes and lipid peroxidation, or inhibit the expression of PF NF-κB subunits and p50 subunits with TNF-a promoters, and reduce levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). TQ also has a chondroprotective effects mechanism by decreases prostaglandin E2 (PGE) mediated by IL-1β and inhibits MMP synthesis in chondrocytes. Through its anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effect, NS is a potential therapeutic agent which beneficial use for OA management without toxicological effects when given.
Penggunaan Dinar Emas dalam Urusan Perniagaan Mengikut Perspektif Perundangan di Malaysia & Indonesia
Authors: Dahlan Nur khalidah , Zainudin Farah Nuraliah
Published: April 2021

Dinar emas merupakan mata wang logam yang berbentuk kepingan syiling emas. Pertikaian mengenai penggunaan dinar emas mula dibangkitkan ekoran daripada kejatuhan nilai mata wang negara-negara ASEAN pada tahun 1998. Penggunaan dinar emas ini dikatakan tidak terdedah kepada spekulasi berbanding mata wang kertas kerana emas sentiasa mempunyai nilai, malah, dinar emas boleh digunakan sebagai kredit bagi pembayaran dua hala. Namun begitu, sehingga kini masih belum ada lagi peruntukkan perundangan yang diwujudkan bagi mengetengahkan isu penggunaan dinar emas sebagai pengganti wang kertas bagi setiap jenis transaksi perniagaan. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti undang-undang yang bersesuaian yang boleh diwujudkan terhadap penggunaan dinar emas di Malaysia. Dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu analisis data penyelidikan melalui kajian kepustakaan dan kajian soal selidik. Hasil dapatan kajian ini adalah bahawa penerimaan penggunaan dinar emas di Kelantan membuktikan dinar emas sesuai digunakan di Malaysia jika penggunaannya dilakukan secara menyeluruh di Malaysia. Salah satu cara yang boleh dilakukan untuk mengaplikasikan penggunaan dinar emas ialah dengan melaksanakan mekanisme sandaran nilai dinar emas bagi tujuan penstabilan mata wang di peringkat dunia. Dicadangkan juga bagi kajian masa hadapan untuk memfokuskan kepada mewujudkan peruntukan perundangan yang baru atau penambahan bahagian khas dalam akta-akta yang sedia ada mengenai pengamalan dinar emas.
The dispute over the use of gold dinar was raised due to the fall of the ASEAN’s currencies in 1998. Yet, no speculation in the currency when involve with gold dinar. This is due to the gold’s currency will always have value in the market. The usage of gold dinar can also be apply in credit for bilateral transactions. However, there is no legal provision created to highlight the issue on usage of gold dinar as a substitute for a banknote in business transaction. This study is aimed to identify the appropriate laws related to gold dinar in Malaysia. The methodology used is based on data analysis through library research which focused on theme such as Islamic Finance law, and the usage of gold dinar on comercial transaction in Malaysia & Indonesia. The findings show that the usage of gold dinar in Kelantan is accepted and prove to be suitable usage in Malaysia. Another ways to apply the usage of gold dinar is to implement a reserved gold value mechanism for the purpose of stabilizing the world currency. It is also recommended for future studies to explore new legal provisions in the existing statutes on the usage of gold dinar.
Penawar Masalah Psikologi Warga Emas dari Perspektif Bediuzzaman Said Nursi
Authors: Jaafar Noornajihan , Zulkiply Shah Rizul Izyan , Akar Jalil
Published: April 2021

Usia tua merupakan suatu usia yang dibimbangi dan ditakuti oleh manusia. Kemerosotan yang terjadi dari sudut fizikal, kognitif dan juga psikologi sering menjadikan warga emas merasa murung, sedih dan tidak berdaya. Namun begitu, Bediuzzaman Said nursi membawa satu lensa pemikiran yang baru buat warga emas dalam mengharungi usia tua mereka dengan keadaan yang tenang dan bahagia. Penawar dan harapan yang ditonjolkan oleh beliau bertujuan supaya warga emas menjadikan al-Quran sebagai syifa dan kekuatan untuk bersandar ketika di hujung usia. Kajian ini mengunakan kaedah penyelidikan secara perpustakaan sepenuhnya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa dengan tujuh harapan yang diketengahkan oleh Bediuzzaman Said Nursi ini mampu meningkatkan keimanan dan menjadikan warga emas berada dalam satu keadaan merasai kemanisan kehidupan dalam iman juga kesempatan dalam ibadah meskipun di hujung usia.
Relative maturity group and its relationships with the non preferential sowing season of soybean
Authors: Bubans Valéria Escaio , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Ceolin Camila , Moura Natã Balssam , Lautenchleger Francine , Conceição Gerusa Massuquini , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez Da , Treter Renan Jardel Rusch
Published: April 2021

The cultivation of soybeans is the main agricultural commodity in Brazil, the increase in the cultivated area in recent years and the productivity of grains is interconnected with numerous factors such as sowing time, water availability, temperature and photoperiod. The objective of this work was to evaluate the duration of phenological sub-periods and the productivity of soybean cultivars from different groups of relative maturation, sown in two seasons in the off-season in the northwest region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The experiment was carried out at Agropecuária Bubans geographically located in the county of Ijuí in the state of RS, considered medium locality. The experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with four replications, the experimental units consisted of four lines, four meters long, 0.50 m apart. The treatments were eight soybean cultivars with different groups of relative maturity (4.8, 5.8, 5.9, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.7 and 7.8) sown on January 5 and 22, 2019 (from agricultural zoning, the preferred season for sowing in this region is from october to december), constituting an 8 x 2 factorial experiment (Cultivars x sowing times). Assessments of the duration of phenological sub-periods and of the yield components of the culture were carried out, being measured with total plant height, first pod insertion height, number of lateral branches, number of reproductive nodes on the main stem, total number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods with one, two, three and four grains, pods mass of one, two, three and four grains, total grain mass per plant, thousand seed mass and grain yield. The most productive relative maturity group is 6.3 being sown in the first non-preferential season for soybeans in Rio Grande do Sul. The second sowing time changed the dynamics of association of the measured variables, with changes in the cycle, reductions in the vegetative and reproductive period.
Analysis Level of Satisfaction Student P3d for Distance Learned Based End-User Computing Satisfaction (Eucs) Method in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Cisca Anita Merry , Nasution Sri Wahyuni , Nasution Sri Lestari Ramadhani , Girsang Ermi
Published: April 2021

This work aims to investigate an Indonesian EFL student’s perceptions and experiences in repeatedly doing standardized English language proficiency test: TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication) and TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language). This standardized test has a significant role in the academic and professional lives of students (Anam, 2019); it contributes positively to students’ language proficiency and their future employment if they have higer and valid score in the test (Hsieh, 2017). This present study interviewed an Indonesian EFL student at a National University in Taiwan running an international program. The study participant passed the exam, but she did it repeatedly before she could pass it. This study used a qualitative phenomenological approach with an in-depth interview. The relevant findings illustrate that the participant reveals the reasons for failing the test: lack of self-awareness, lack of self-confidence, and the distance of the test venue from her dormitory. On the contrary, she passed the test by doing online simulation exam individually and modifying her study skills while preparing for the test. The failure process had a positive impact on her in making her to know her ability.
Improving the Quality of Religious Islamic Education Learning through Collaborative Learning Approach in SMP Muhammadiyah Pandan Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Tanjung Ellisa Fitri
Published: April 2021

The product quality of education is determined by teachers in learning processes underlying curriculum (official), which results of highly dependence on what is done by the teacher in the classroom (actual). Atmosphere of learning and teaching was directed so that learners can develop her potential. Previous learning approach which concentrates on the teacher (teacher-centered) to the student-centered approach to learning (student-centered), it takes master-teacher teaching methods, classroom management, and the ability to motivate students. Mastery of the teaching method is far more important than the provision of subject matter (al-Thoriqoh ahamm min al-hymn). The problems related to this study include: (1) description of the educational approach that can improve the quality of teaching Islamic education in junior high school students of class VII in Muhammadiyah Pandan Central Tapanuli. (2) collaborative learning education approach can improve the quality of teaching Islamic education in junior high school students of class VII Muhammadiyah Pandan. This study applies the quality approach and collaboration from any action researchers. The study was carried out in SMP Muhammadiyah Pandan Central Tapanuli. Data source were derived from class VII.The subject of study comprised 30 students.
Increased Productivity towards the Success of Nothopanax Scutellarium in Case Of Hepatoprotector and Nefroprotector
Authors: Nasution Sri Wahyuni
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the concentration of bowl leaf extract (Nothopanax scutellarium) which is effective in protecting impaired liver and kidney function. Liver damage can cause metabolic disorders in the body, which will lead to homeostatic disorders. Acute renal failure is a clinical problem, occurring frequently and characterized by a relatively sudden decline in renal function. This research is qualitative experimental research using a male rat (Rattus norvegicus) which is healthy and has normal activity, with a bodyweight of 200 g. Male rats were adapted to be kept in cages for 7 days. Adaptation needed to be done to avoid the risk of stress in mice which could affect blood serum content. During the adaptation period, male rats are only given standard food and have not been given any treatment. At the end of the adaptation period, serum analysis was carried out in the five treatment groups. The results of the data obtained from this study were analyzed using the Oneway-Anova test.
Utilization of Social Media Marketing By Young Business Players in Binjai City in Developing Customer Equity
Authors: Rosmika T. Enita , Utam Amrin Mulia
Published: April 2021

Various lines of business and marketing in all dimensions of the world have been digitized, the use of social media by business actors has had a major influence in introducing their products more effectively and efficiently, the role of social media in increasing sales and building communities is more targeted than conventional media use. This research study aims to analyze the use of social media by young entrepreneurs in the variable consumption, curation, creation and collaboration with customer equity in young entrepreneurs in Binjai City. The methods used were questionnaires and interviews as well as direct field surveys. The results obtained state that social media Instagram or Facebook is preferred compared to others as a means of promotion for business people, women entrepreneurs prefer Instagram. From male entrepreneurs. The results also show that the use of social media in marketing has a positive and significant effect on customer equity in young entrepreneurs in Binjai City.
The Influence of Company Size, Company Growth, Price to Book Value, Investment Opportunity Set, and Operating Cash Flow Againts Price Earnings Ratio in Food and Beverage Sub Sector Manufacturing Companies Listed In BEI from 2015 To 2017
Authors: Nurwulandari Andini
Published: April 2021

This study aims to see how the Price Earning Ratio is affected by company size, growth, price to book value, investment opportunity set, and operating cash flow. The authors used panel data regression to analyze data from 2015 to 2017, 13 food and beverage firms were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. According to the data that have been collected, company size, company growth, and price to book value all have a positive and significant effect on the Price Earning Ratio. Meanwhile, the Investment Opportunity Set and Operating Cash Flow have no impact on the Price Earning Ratio.
The Influence of Open Selection and Official Competence in Filling Primary High Leadership Positions on the Organizational Performance of Regional Apparatus in East Belitung Regency
Authors: Mudiarsono Mudiarsono
Published: April 2021

The Merit System and the available options are applied in many Agencies, Institutions and Local Governments to get the best Human Resources. The objectives of this research was to ascertain the impact of open selection and competence on the performance of regional apparatus organizations in the East Belitung Regency. This study employs an explanatory approach with a quantitative approach, analyzing data using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The findings indicated that open selection had a major impact on organizational performance in part. Meanwhile, integrity has a major effect on organizational success on a partial basis. Simultaneous effects of open selection and competence on organizational efficiency are also important.
Knowledge Management Strategies to Improve Learning and Growth in Creative Industries: A Framework Model
Authors: Wahjudewantia Alexandra Sinta , Tjakraatmajaa Jann Hidajat , Anggoroa Yudo
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to propose a framework model to capture the knowledge management (KM) process and KM enablers and their connection to improving learning and growth in creative industries. This study is a literature review that analyses several articles related to KM and creative industries. Field observations were conducted at two creative industries to verify the literature review results. This review explores several studies of KM enablers and KM processes to identify KM’s relationship with organizational performance. Organizational performance can be measured from several perspectives, one of which is the tangible perspective of learning and growth. The framework model comprises three interrelated concepts of KM and performance: KM enablers, KM processes, and learning and growth as an intangible type of performance. Further study is needed to identify the types of KM enablers and KM processes to obtain a better understanding of how to improve the performance of creative industries. This study is limited to knowledge management in creative industries. Studies of KM strategies in creative industries are limited, including in Indonesia. Previous studies identify the relationship between KM implementation and improving tangible performance measurements, such as financial and customer performance. This study contributes to our knowledge of implementing KM to improve intangible performance in creative industries.
Batch Electrocoagulation Process for Removal of Chromium from Tannery Wastewater
Authors: Hasan Md Anik , Hashem Md Abul , Arman Md Navid , Momen Md Abdul
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed to investigate the chromium removal from the tannery wastewater through electrocoagulation. The zinc and copper plates were used as electrodes for the electrocoagulation process. The effectiveness of the electrocoagulation for chromium removal efficiency was examined investigating various parameters: applied voltage, time, and current density. In batch experiment, 500 mL chromium-containing wastewater was used for electrocoagulation. Chromium content in the raw wastewater and after treatment at optimized conditions was 340.1 and 6.9 mg/L, respectively. The efficiency of chromium removal and reduction of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was at 98.0 and 64.6%, accordingly. Although total dissolved solids (TDS) was slightly increased. The increment of current density enhances forming zinc hydroxide which causes the damage of electrodes. Electrocoagulation is an effective technique to remove chromium from the wastewater especially from the tannery wastewater.

Journal of Engineering Science 12(1), 2021, 29-34
Verification of APHRODITE Precipitation Data Set in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Atiqul , Ahmed Asif , Munir Md Munirujjaman , Khandakar Zarif Zaman
Published: April 2021

We investigated the preformance of Asian Precipitation-Highly-Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE) of water resources precipitation products in Bangladesh taking rain gauge data as reference for a 3-year period (2003-2005). Various statistical and categorical indices such as coefficient of correlation (CC), bias, relative bias (RB), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), probability of detection (POD), and false alarm ratio (FAR), were applied to measure the performance of the product. With CC value of 0.85, bias of 0.91, RB of -9.5%, MAE of 7.7 mm, and RMSE of 15.2 mm the product tended to underestimate rainfall values during the study period. Although, the POD score of 1.00 demonstrated very good skill in detecting the occurrence of rainfall events, FAR value of 0.25 indicated a considerable amount of false alarms. Moreover, as the precipitation threshold increased, the underestimation became more prominent over the study region. Analysis on the basis of location of the rain gauges also showed that APHRODITE consistently underestimated rainfall values with the increase of extreme rainfall thresholds.

Journal of Engineering Science 12(1), 2021, 51-56
The Effect of Fire on the Strength of Concrete Material
Authors: Mahmud HM Iqbal , Raju Md Kawser Babu , Hosen Md Lokman
Published: April 2021

Structural members exposed to fire may damage considerably, lose their durability, and even collapse due to the failure of the members. This work presents the results of an experimental investigation of the effect of fire on the strength of concrete. Cylindrical and beam specimens were prepared and burnt in the fire for one hour. In both cases, two systems were followed for cooling the samples, (i) natural cooling in the air (ii) forced cooling in the water. Afterwards, the compressive and flexural strength of the specimens were determined. The result shows that the strength of concrete was considerably reduced due to burning in fire. The compressive strength of cylindrical specimens was decreased by 44% and 60%, respectively, for the natural and forced cooling of the specimens. In the case of beam samples, the flexural strength was decreased60% and 69%, respectively, for the natural and forced cooled specimens. This research also reveals that the specimen cooled in air showed better performance compared to that cooled in water.

Journal of Engineering Science 12(1), 2021, 63-68
Sulfate and Chloride Resistance Properties of Portland Cement Blends
Authors: Morshed Abu Zakir , Hashi Suraiya , Biswas Nitai , Sadik Miftaul
Published: April 2021

About 53% area of Bangladesh is alluvial deposited and affected by sulfate, salinity and chloride in water and soil. Existing sulfate and chloride can severely damage the building in coastal regions. In this paper durability of cement is evaluated on the basis of strength of mortar cube, concrete cylinder test. Besides the sulfate resistance is measured by change of length of the mortar bar specimens during exposure to sulfate solution and the attacking chloride properties by Rapid chloride ion penetration test using OPC, PCC, 20% FA, 30% FA and 40% FA. The strength was observed in cube sample about 40.65, 37.2MPa after 13 weeks in sulfate solution and linear expansion was obtained about 0.28% and 0.133% for OPC and PCC cement with reference to the water. The compressive strength of the cylindrical specimens was about 16.96, 18.34 MPa for OPC and PCC, respectively at the age of 28 days. The permeability of chloride ion of OPC sample was 22.8% higher than the PCC at this age.

Journal of Engineering Science 12(1), 2021, 69-75
Mas o que eu sei? O movimento da aprendizagem da escrita acadêmica a partir da análise textual discursiva
Authors: Chiesa Bartelmebs Roberta
Published: April 2021

Os primeiros passos em uma nova atividade sempre trazem um misto de sentimentos. Medo, ansiedade, expectativas. Não é diferente da atividade acadêmica. Quando ingressamos na graduação ou na pós-graduação, todas as disciplinas e atividades se constituem novidades em nosso repertório comportamental. Neste artigo, apresento aos leitores minha visão enquanto professora da área de Ensino, e pesquisadora no paradigma da pesquisa qualitativa, o quanto aprender uma metodologia de análise pode ser desafiadora. Esse material tem dois objetivos principais: Apresentar uma metodologia de práticas com a ATD que faço uso para ensinar esta metodologia aos alunos, e, apresentar minhas reflexões acerca da importância de, desde a graduação, os alunos terem contato com metodologias de análise estruturadas.
Palavras-Chave: Análise Textual Discursiva; Escrita; Aprendizagem.
A utilização do software QDA miner lite nas pesquisas que utilizam a análise textual discursiva
Authors: Lorenzetti Leonir , Domiciano Tamara Dias , Geraldo Ana Paula
Published: April 2021

No desenvolvimento de pesquisas, a análise dos dados pode ser considerada como a etapa mais exaustiva e a mais importante na produção e na disseminação de novos conhecimentos. Este trabalho descreve como o QDA Miner Lite foi utilizado na análise dos dados de duas pesquisas diferentes. Em ambos os casos a análise foi constituída por desconstrução do corpus, unitarização e categorização — etapas metodológicas da Análise Textual Discursiva. O estudo caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa e documental. As discussões realizadas apontam as contribuições do software, que, aliado à metodologia da Análise Textual Discursiva, indicou melhora na qualidade das investigações e auxílio no aprofundamento nas interpretações dos dados constituídos. O estudo deixou claro que o software não implica a exclusão do pesquisador no processo de análise, mas que seu uso refina a organização do trabalho, propiciando compreensão mais consistente do que está sendo investigado.
Palavras-chave: Análise Textual Discursiva; Pesquisa Qualitativa; Software de Análise; QDA Miner Lite.
A análise textual discursiva na pesquisa qualitativa no ensino de filosofia: peneiradas intempestivas no PROF-FILO
Authors: Ferreira Sônia Maria Lira , Silva Rosemary Marinho da , Carreiro Gabriela da Nóbrega
Published: April 2021

Diante do significativo lugar do PROF-FILO na produção acadêmica para o ensino de filosofia enquanto área de pesquisa filosófica, este artigo objetiva desvelar alguns dos elementos metodológicos de pesquisas realizadas nesse mestrado profissional, elencando contribuições para o ensino de filosofia. Para tal, definimos como pergunta-problema: “o que é isso que se mostra de pesquisas qualitativas nas dissertações do PROF-FILO?”. Estabelecemos sete dissertações, produzidas pela primeira turma do PROF-FILO (2017-2019), como corpus investigativo. O guia de análise, que metaforicamente denominamos de nossa “peneira”, foi a Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). A partir dessas escolhas, três abordagens metodológicas apresentaram-se com significativa recorrência: pesquisa fenomenológica, pesquisa-ação e pesquisa intervenção. Apontamos, como elemento expressivo, a abertura para o interrogar e o compreender o mundo das vivências dos sujeitos envolvidos com o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da filosofia.
Palavras-chave: Pesquisa qualitativa; Análise Textual Discursiva; Ensino de Filosofia.
Relación metodológica entre ATD y el uso de Atlas.ti como herramienta en la investigación cualitativa en un estudio contextualizado
Authors: Ariza Ariza Leidy Gabriela
Published: April 2021

El presente texto abarca el uso de la metodología análisis textual discursivo (ATD) a partir de un caso de estudio, utilizando como herramienta para el tratamiento de los datos Atlas.ti. Con el objetivo de comprender las relaciones del ATD utilizando un programa tecnológico, explicando los fundamentos y estructura metodológica, luego explicar su uso en la interpretación cualitativa, la forma de trabajar mediante las relaciones hermenéuticas para tratar los datos, para concluir con la construcción de metatextos y el aporte que el proceso contribuyo al investigador. La experiencia de trabajo permitió en el contexto de interpretación de textos y discursos, reconocer las ventajas de conocer la metodología con carácter cualitativo para lograr construcciones teóricas y aprender a reconstruir y construir textos e intertextos para profundizar en las indagaciones que van más allá del cuerpo de análisis.
Palabras Clave: Análisis Textual Discursivo; Atlas.ti; Interpretación; Metodología; Investigación Cualitativa.
Perbedaan Pola Hubungan antara Orang Tua dan Anak Usia Dini Ditinjau dari Tingkat Stres Pengasuhan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Fatwikiningsih Nur , Fajriyah Lathifatul
Published: April 2021

Masa pandemi COVID-19 berdampak pada dinamika keluarga salah satunya pada stres pengasuhan anak usia dini. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola hubungan antara orang tua dan anak usia dini ditinjau dari tingkat stres pengasuhan pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan random sampling terdiri dari 53 orang Ayah dan 92 orang Ibu yang memiliki putra atau putri bersekolah di salah satu dari 36 Lembaga PAUD se-Kecamatan Gresik. Kuesioner child parent relationship scale dan child parent relationship scale (Skala hubungan orang tua-anak/CPRS) dibagikan melalui google form yang diisi oleh Ayah Bunda secara terpisah. child parent relationship scale (Skala hubungan orang tua-anak/CPRS) untuk mengukur pola hubungan orang tua-anak dan Parental Stress Scale (PSS) untuk mengukur tingkat stres pengasuhan. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi square dan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa stres pengasuhan yang dialami orang tua sangat berpengaruh pada pola hubungan orang tua dan anak usia dini yakni nilai signifikansi kurang dari 0,05 (0,000<0,05). Selain itu ada perbedaan signifikan pola hubungan antara Ibu dan anak usia dini ditinjau dari tingkat stres pengasuhan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 (nilai signifikansi kurang dari 0,05 atau 0,003<0,05) sedangkan pada Ayah sebaliknya tidak ada perbedaan signifikan nilai signifikansi lebih dari 0,05 atau 0,081>0,05).
Cumhuriyet’in İlk Yıllarındaki İnhisar Uygulamalarına Bir Örnek: Kibrit İnhisarı (1924-1943)
Authors: Eryaman Ayşe
Published: April 2021

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’nin ilk yıllarında ekonomik koşulların gereği kibrit inhisar altına alınan ürünler arasında yer almıştır. Türkiye’de kibritin inhisar altına alınması 1924 senesi Muvazene-i Umumiye Kanunu (Bütçe Kanunu) ile bütçeye yeni gelir kaynaklarının sağlanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarının ekonomik şartlarının bir gereği olarak benimsenen inhisar uygulamaları içinde kibrit inhisarı, devletin resmî kaynakları ve dönemin basınına dayalı olarak incelenmeye ve değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye Kibrit İnhisarı Türk Anonim Şirketi, Kibrit İnhisarı İşletme İdaresi, Di Amerikan Türkiş İnvestment Korporeşön Şirketi altında olmak üzere üç aşamalı bir süreç içinde geliştiği görülen kibrit inhisarı ile uygulamada bir takım aksaklıklar yaşansa da hem bütçeye yeni gelir kaynakları oluşturulabilmiş hem de ülkede kibrit sanayinin kurulması gerçekleştirilebilmiştir.
İngiliz Yönetimi Döneminde Kıbrıs’ta Çıkarılan İkinci Rum İsyanı (18-19 Aralık 1954)
Authors: Balyemez Mehmet
Published: April 2021

Kıbrıs’ın Yunanistan’a bağlanmasını ifade eden Enosis ülküsü 200 yıla yakın bir süre Rumların siyasi hedefi olmuştur. Rumlar Enosis’i gerçekleştirmek amacıyla uygun şartların oluştuğu dönemlerde önlerine çıkan her fırsatı değerlendirmişlerdir. Bu maksatla çoğu zaman demokratik yöntemler kullanmışlar ancak az sayıda da olsa isyana başvurmaktan kaçınmamışlardır. Rumların İngiliz Sömürge Yönetimi dönemindeki Kıbrıs’taki ilk Enosis isyanı 1931 yılı Ekim ayında olmuştur. İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra kurulan Yeni Dünya Düzeni, Enosis girişimlerinin yeni yol haritasını da belirlemiştir. Bu dönemde Kıbrıs Ortodoks Kilisesi’nin başına geçen Michael Mouskos (III. Makarios)’un diplomatik girişimlerden sonuç alınamaması hâlinde şiddete başvurmak istemesi ve Yunanistan’ın 1952 yılından itibaren bu politikayı desteklemesi İkinci Rum İsyanı’nı hazırlayan faktörler olmuştur. Yunan hükûmetinin, Rumlara kendi geleceğini belirleme hakkının verilmesi amacıyla Birleşmiş Milletlere (BM) yaptığı ilk müracaat 16 Aralık 1954 tarihindeki BM Genel Kurulu’nda reddedilmiştir. Bu kararı protesto etmek amacıyla Kıbrıs ve Yunanistan’da geniş çaplı eylemler yapılmıştır. Rumların, 18 ve 19 Aralık 1954 tarihlerinde Kıbrıs’ta yapmış olduğu eylemler kısa sürede isyana dönüşmüştür.
Demokrat Parti (DP) Dönemi’nde Pamuk Politikaları ve Dokuma Sanayisine Etkileri (1950-1960)
Authors: Yurtoğlu Nadir
Published: April 2021

14 Mayıs 1950 tarihinde Demokrat Parti (DP)’nin iktidara gelmesinden hükûmet darbesiyle iktidardan uzaklaştırıldığı 27 Mayıs 1960’a kadar Türkiye’de uygulanan pamuk politikalarıyla bu politikaların dokuma sanayisine etkileri makalenin konusunu teşkil etmektedir. Çalışma, DP Dönemi’nde pamuk politikaları (1950-1960); pamuk tarımında izlenen politikaların dokuma sanayisine etkileri (1950-1960) şeklinde iki başlık hâlinde verilmiştir. DP Dönemi’nde pamuk politikaları ve bu politikaların dokuma sanayisine katkıları sayısal verilerle ortaya konulmuştur. Makalenin kaynaklarını başta Cumhuriyet Arşivi belgeleri olmak üzere Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi kanunlar ve tutanak dergileri, Zabıt Ceridesi, Resmî Gazete, Ayın Tarihi, istatistik yıllıkları, ekonomi ve tarım dergileri teşkil etmektedir. Konu araştırılırken Türkiye ve dünyanın pamuk yetiştiriciliği hususunda meydana gelen gelişmeleri dikkate alınarak gerekli yorumlamalarda bulunulmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar şunlardır: DP’nin iktidara gelmesinden sonra pamuk ekim alanlarında artış yaşanmış, pamuk tohumu üretim, dağıtım ve ıslah çalışmaları düzenli bir biçimde yürütülmüş, akabinde de ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde gerçekleştirilen konferans ve toplantılarla pamuk sorunları ele alınarak çözüm yolları aranmıştır. Buna zararlılarla yapılan mücadeleler de eklenince üretim ve ihracat artmış, Türkiye dünya pamuk üretiminde yedinci, ihracatta da beşinci sıraya yükselmiştir. Ülkenin üretim ve satışta dünyada sıralamaya girmesi, pamuk dokuma sanayinin gelişimini de tetikleyip millî ekonomiye önemli katkılar sağlanmasına yol açmıştır.
PIECES FRAMEWORK ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RAPID ENUMERATION AND EVALUATION INFORMATION SYSTEM OF 2020 POPULATION CENSUS
Authors: Yuanita Rizka Ita
Published: April 2021

In September 2020, Statistics Indonesia (BPS RI) carried out a major activity, namely the 2020 Population Census At the SP2020 data processing stage, Mobile Capture is one of the options for photographing data collection results. During the use of mobile capture, BPS West Java Province encountered several obstacles. West Java Province BPS created an application called the Rapid Enumeration dan Evaluation 2020 Population Census Information System (Sicepat32 SLS) to monitor the attainment of enumeration to the smallest level (local environmental unit). To find out whether Sicepat32 SLS is working and functioning properly, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the information system. The purpose of this study is to measure the level of user satisfaction with the application of Sicepat32 SLS and to assess whether Sicepat32 SLS can meet the needs of users. In this study, the PIECES Framework analysis model will be used and has produced an assessment score in the Performance domain of 4.07; Information and Data of 4.17; Economy 4.1; Control and Security with a score of 4.03; Efficiency with a score of 4.18 and Service getting a score of 4.18
Türkiye Fındık Verimi Üzerinde Sıcaklık ve Yağışın Etkileri
Authors: İRDEM Cemil
Published: April 2021

Çalışmada, Türkiye fındık üretiminde ilk 6 sırada yer alan Sakarya, Düzce, Samsun, Ordu, Giresun ve Trabzon’da yıllık fındık veriminin 1993-2019 dönemi için alansal ve zamansal dağılışını belirlemek, bu dağılışın sıcaklık ve yağış koşullarıyla ilişkisini analiz etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ilk olarak verimdeki iller ve yıllar arası farklılaşmalar belirlenmiş, ardından Pearson korelasyon analizi ve basit doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılarak sıcaklık ve yağışla yıllık fındık verimi arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya konmuştur. Dönem ortalamasına göre dekar bazında en yüksek verim Sakarya ve Düzce’de, en düşük ise Giresun’dadır. Araştırma alanında en yüksek ortalama verim 130,6 kg ile 2008 yılında, en düşük 63,8 kg ile 2016 yılında gerçekleşmiştir. Yıllık toplam yağışların verime etkisi Sakarya dışındaki illerde negatiftir. Yağışla olan aylık ilişkiler genel olarak çok zayıftır. Yıllık ortalama sıcaklıkların verime etkisi Giresun dışında istatistik açıdan önemsizdir. Çalışmada, mart ve nisanda ortalama, maksimum ve minimum sıcaklılar arttıkça fındık veriminin de arttığı belirlenmiştir.