bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre héritage fonctionnel et renouveau décoratif, les pompes funèbres de Michel-Ange Challe dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Condamine Romain
Published: June 2018

Durant l’exercice de Michel-Ange Challe (1716-1778) aux Menus Plaisirs entre 1765 et 1778, les grandes pompes funèbres commandées par la Couronne à Notre-Dame et Saint-Denis, tout en répondant à un cérémonial fixé par plusieurs décennies de tradition, connaissent des transformations notables sur le plan décoratif. Tout en préservant la charge symbolique du décor de ces cérémonies, événements politiques et religieux de premier plan, les travaux du dessinateur de la Chambre et du Cabinet du roi, à l’heure de la diffusion du «goût à la grecque » sont les témoins d’une esthétique contemporaine en mutation.
Érasme et l’art du geste : l’élaboration des règles de civilité à la Renaissance
Authors: Barral-Baron Marie
Published: June 2018

C’est en 1530 que le premier manuel de savoir-vivre, le De civilitate morum puerilium, est édité à Bâle, chez Froben. Rédigé par Érasme, ce petit livre s’adresse au jeune prince Henri de Bourgogne, son élève, mais il connaît immédiatement un succès de librairie fulgurant. Ce succès n’est pas le fruit du hasard car Érasme a écrit son texte en pensant certes au petit prince, mais aussi à tous les enfants moins bien nés et qui ont besoin, pour survivre en société, pour être respectés et même aimés, de connaître les règles de maintien et les leçons de conduite les plus usuelles. Écrit avec humour et sagesse, cet ouvrage décrit avec une précision anatomique les gestes décents ou indécents du visage et du corps, les attitudes à adopter en société, en fonction des relations de pouvoir et de sociabilité, mais aussi la tenue à privilégier lorsque l’on est à table ou lorsque s’approche le moment du coucher. Érasme ne néglige aucun sujet et explique qu’il ne faut pas se gratter la tête en public, ne pas se nettoyer les dents avec un couteau devant d’autres convives ou encore se goinfrer jusqu’à vomir. Si l’humaniste consacre autant de pages à tous ces sujets d’une grande rusticité, c’est parce qu’il sait que dominer son corps est un gage de survie. Dans une société alors extrêmement violente, où le moindre rictus, une bouche tordue ou un sourcil froncé, peut être interprété comme un signe de provocation et déclencher un duel ou une rixe barbare, il faut savoir maîtriser ses gestes. La civilité n’est pas un exercice mondain et inutile, mais le moyen de survivre. Tout au long de son manuel de savoir-vivre, Érasme ne dissimule pas que cet exposé de règles très pratiques pour survivre en société s’inscrit surtout dans un projet plus vaste, à la fois éducatif, moral et civilisationnel. Le projet de l’humaniste est en effet de convaincre son lecteur de quitter la «barbarie » car les fautes contre l’apparence ou contre la société sont des fautes contre soi. Les bonnes manières sont l’expression même de la morale, du respect d’autrui. En apprenant aux enfants à redresser leurs épaules, à dissimuler leur nudité sous le port de vêtements propres et soignés, à savoir rester silencieux, discrets, pudiques, Érasme forme l’honnête homme. Avec l’humaniste, le geste devient un discours en soi qui dépasse l’acteur lui-même pour prendre une «épaisseur sociale » comme l’écrit R. Muchembled. Pour Érasme enfin, éduquer son corps, maîtriser ses gestes est aussi important que de connaître les belles lettres et de pratiquer la piété car cela permet d’être plus humain. L’attitude du corps permet en fait de juger de l’attitude de l’âme. La civilité n’est pas un art de feindre, mais bien le moyen d’être. Cet article se propose ainsi d’étudier ces trois temps de la démarche érasmienne et de démontrer combien les gestes ont eux aussi une histoire.
Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants
Authors: Makita Reika , Akasaka Tsukasa , Tamagawa Seiichi , Yoshida Yasuhiro , Miyata Saori , Miyaji Hirofumi , Sugaya Tsutomu
Published: June 2018

Background: Collagen is a basic component of the periodontium and plays an important role in the function of the periodontal unit. Therefore, coating with collagen/gelatin has been applied to enable dental implants to positively interact with peri-implant tissues. Although the micro/nanoscale topography is an important property of the surface of dental implants, smaller collagen/gelatin surface patterns have not been sufficiently developed. Furthermore, only few reports on the behavior of cells on gelatin surfaces with different patterns and sizes exist. In this study, we developed micro/nanometer-scaled gelatin surfaces using genipin crosslinking, with the aim of understanding the use of patterning in surface modification of dental implants.

Results: Grooves, holes, and pillars, with widths or diameters of 2 µm, 1 µm, or 500 nm were fabricated using a combination of molding and genipin crosslinking of gelatin. The stability of the different gelatin patterns could be controlled by the degree of genipin crosslinking. The gelatin patterns at 20 mM concentration of genipin and 41% crosslinking maintained a stable, patterned shape for at least 14 days in a cell culture medium. A cell morphology study showed that the cells on groves were aligned along the direction of the grooves. In contrast, the cells on pillars and holes exhibited randomly elongated filopodia. The vinculin spots of the cells were observed on the top of ridges and pillars or the upper surface of holes. The results of a cell attachment assay showed that the number of surface-attached cells increased with increasing patterning of the gelatin surface. Unlike the cell attachment assay, the results of a cell proliferation assay showed that Saos-2 cells prefer grooves with diameters of approximately 2 µm and 1 µm and pillars with diameters of 1 µm and heights of 500 nm. The number of cells on pillars with heights of 2 µm was larger than those of the other gelatin surface patterns tested.

Conclusion: These data support that a detailed design of the gelatin surface pattern can control both cell attachment and proliferation of Saos-2 cells. Thus, gelatin surfaces patterned using genipin crosslinking are now an available option for biocompatible material patterning.
Enantioselective phase-transfer catalyzed alkylation of 1-methyl-7-methoxy-2-tetralone: an effective route to dezocine
Authors: Li Ruipeng , Liu Zhenren , Chen Liang , Pan Jing , Zhou Weicheng
Published: June 2018

In order to prepare asymmetrically (R)-(+)-1-(5-bromopentyl)-1-methyl-7-methoxy-2-tetralone (3a), a key intermediate of dezocine, 17 cinchona alkaloid-derived catalysts were prepared and screened for the enantioselective alkylation of 1-methyl-7-methoxy-2-tetralone with 1,5-dibromopentane, and the best catalyst (C7) was identified. In addition, optimizations of the alkylation were carried out so that the process became practical and effective.
Shiatsu and Acupressure: Two Different and Distinct Techniques
Authors: Cabo, MSc Fernando , Baskwill, MSc Amanda , Christophe-Tchakaloff, LLM Slava , Aguaristi Isaac , Guichard Jean-Philippe
Published: June 2018

Background: Although shiatsu has been taught in specialized schools in Japan since 1940, there is a limited amount of research for its practice. As a result, authors substitute shiatsu with acupressure to use available research on acupressure. It is the position of the authors that, while the two share common aspects, they are substantively different. This project was undertaken to describe technical differences and advocate for a clear distinction, especially in research studies and academic discussions.Methods: To understand whether it is appropriate to include acupressure studies in the evidence for shiatsu an analysis of the references included in a frequently cited systematic review was conducted to collect information about the protocols. In addition, a preliminary exploration of shiatsu practitioners’ perceptions about the differences between shiatsu and acupressure is described. This exploration used videos of shiatsu and acupressure techniques and asked practitioners to comment on their perception of similarity.Discussion: The results identified several key technical differences between the two, including type of pressure applied, the positioning of the thumb, and the way in which body weight is used. Researchers should separate shiatsu and acupressure in their designs and purposively choose one or the other. To facilitate such clarification, we have proposed a definition for shiatsu that may facilitate the differentiation between these two techniques.Conclusion: The authors hope to stimulate discussion about the differences between shiatsu and acupressure, and to question the appropriateness of using acupressure studies as evidence of the efficacy of shiatsu. A true understanding of the efficacy of shiatsu cannot be determined until studies use a common definition of shiatsu and discontinue substituting acupressure research for evidence of shiatsu efficacy. When this happens, it is proposed that a clearer picture of the safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action of both shiatsu and acupressure will emerge.
A Photometric, Spectroscopic, and Apsidal Motion Analysis of the F-type Eclipsing Binary BW Aquarii from K2 Campaign 3
Authors: Lester Kathryn V. , Gies Douglas R.
Published: June 2018

Eclipsing binaries are important tools for studying stellar evolution and stellar interiors. Their accurate fundamental parameters are used to test evolutionary models, and systems showing apsidal motion can also be used to test the model’s internal structure predictions. For this purpose, we present a photometric and spectroscopic analysis of the eclipsing binary BW Aquarii, an evolved F-type binary with slow apsidal motion. We model the K2 C3 light curve using the Eclipsing Light Curve code to determine several orbital and stellar parameters, as well as measure the eclipse times to determine updated apsidal motion parameters for the system. Furthermore, we obtain high-resolution spectra of BW Aqr using the CHIRON echelle spectrograph on the CTIO 1.5 m for radial velocity analysis. We then reconstruct the spectra of each component using Doppler tomography in order to determine the atmospheric parameters. We find that both components of BW Aqr are late F-type stars with M
1 = 1.365 ± 0.008 M
☉, M
2 = 1.483 ± 0.009 M
☉, and R
1 = 1.782 ± 0.021 R
☉, R
2 = 2.053 ± 0.020 R
☉. We then compare these results to the predictions of several stellar evolution models, finding that the models cannot reproduce the observed properties of both components at the same age.
Solar-cycle Variations of Meridional Flows in the Solar Convection Zone Using Helioseismic Methods
Authors: Lin Chia-Hsien , Chou Dean-Yi
Published: June 2018

The solar meridional flow is an axisymmetric flow in solar meridional planes, extending through the convection zone. Here we study its solar-cycle variations in the convection zone using SOHO/MDI helioseismic data from 1996 to 2010, including two solar minima and one maximum. The travel-time difference between northward and southward acoustic waves is related to the meridional flow along the wave path. Applying the ray approximation and the SOLA inversion method to the travel-time difference measured in a previous study, we obtain the meridional flow distributions in 0.67 ≤ r ≤ 0.96R
⊙ at the minimum and maximum. At the minimum, the flow has a three-layer structure: poleward in the upper convection zone, equatorward in the middle convection zone, and poleward again in the lower convection zone. The flow speed is close to zero within the error bar near the base of the convection zone. The flow distribution changes significantly from the minimum to the maximum. The change above 0.9R
⊙ shows two phenomena: first, the poleward flow speed is reduced at the maximum; second, an additional convergent flow centered at the active latitudes is generated at the maximum. These two phenomena are consistent with the surface meridional flow reported in previous studies. The change in flow extends all the way down to the base of the convection zone, and the pattern of the change below 0.9R
⊙ is more complicated. However, it is clear that the active latitudes play a role in the flow change: the changes in flow speed below and above the active latitudes have opposite signs. This suggests that magnetic fields could be responsible for the flow change.
Toward a Quantitative Comparison of Magnetic Field Extrapolations and Observed Coronal Loops
Authors: Warren Harry P. , Crump Nicholas A. , Ugarte-Urra Ignacio , Sun Xudong , Aschwanden Markus J. , Wiegelmann Thomas
Published: June 2018

It is widely believed that loops observed in the solar atmosphere trace out magnetic field lines. However, the degree to which magnetic field extrapolations yield field lines that actually do follow loops has yet to be studied systematically. In this paper, we apply three different extrapolation techniques—a simple potential model, a nonlinear force-free (NLFF) model based on photospheric vector data, and an NLFF model based on forward fitting magnetic sources with vertical currents—to 15 active regions that span a wide range of magnetic conditions. We use a distance metric to assess how well each of these models is able to match field lines to the 12202 loops traced in coronal images. These distances are typically 1″–2″. We also compute the misalignment angle between each traced loop and the local magnetic field vector, and find values of 5°–12°. We find that the NLFF models generally outperform the potential extrapolation on these metrics, although the differences between the different extrapolations are relatively small. The methodology that we employ for this study suggests a number of ways that both the extrapolations and loop identification can be improved.
Noninvasive Biomarkers in Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with HBeAg Negative Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Dimzova Marija , Kondova-Topuzovska Irena , Bosilkovski Mile , Ivanovski Ljubomir , Milenkovic Zvonko , Semenakova-Cvetkovska Vesna , Orovcanec Nikola
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND: Liver biopsy for evaluation of liver fibrosis has several adverse effects, for which reason noninvasive tests have been developed.AIM: To evaluate the usefulness of noninvasive biomarkers, qHBsAg and HBV DNA levels in predicting liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB).MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study included 50 patients with HBeAg negative CHB. All patients underwent laboratory and serology testing, quantification of HBV DNA and HBs antigen. The liver stiffness was measured with elastography. The patients were analysed for APRI and FIB-4, quantitative hepatitis Bs antigen and HBV DNA.RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that greatest significance in predicting liver fibrosis has FIB-4 (Wald = 3.24, P = 0.07), followed by HBV DNA ≥ 2 000 IU/ml ≤ 20 000 IU/ml (Wald = 2.86, P = 0.09), qHBsAg (Wald = 2.17, P = 0.14), HBV DNA > 20 000 IU/ml (Wald = 0.58, P = 0.45), APRI (Wald = 0.04, P = 0.84).CONCLUSION: the FIB-4 index has the greatest value in predicting liver fibrosis while APRI has the lowest; the more advanced liver disease is associated with lower serum level of quantitative HBs antigen. Combination of noninvasive blood biomarkers and imaging tests can provide better diagnostic accuracy and exclude the need for liver biopsy.
Apitherapy as a New Approach in Treatment of Palmoplantar Psoriasis
Authors: El–Gammal Egharid , Di Nardo Veronica , Daaboul Farah , Tchernev Georgi , Wollina Uwe , Lotti Jacopo , Lotti Torello
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND: Apitherapy is the medical use of honey bee products, "honey, propolis, royal jelly, bee wax, and bee venom to relieve human ailments. Propolis is one of the most well-documented products derived from the honeybee and has always played an important role in traditional folk medicine.AIM: The aim was to justify the consideration of Aloe Vera as an effective remedy for the treatment of psoriasis.METHODS: The study follows (857) patients (354 females, 503 males) with a mean age range from (9 - 62) years, affected with moderate to severe psoriasis in palms and foot soles treated by a combination mixture of propolis and Aloe in the form of an ointment (Aloreed) and Beauty reed cream. The treatment duration was for 12 weeks. Results were evaluated by using clinical, histological and statistical parameters.RESULTS: After the 12 - week treatment, we observed an 86% overall response rate from which 62% showed excellent results and 24% showed good results, therefore proving the efficiency in the use of the mixture of propolis 50% and aloe vera 3% as topically applied ointment in the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasisCONCLUSION: Patients who have palmoplantar psoriasis, who were treated with a topically applied mixture of propolis (50%) and aloe vera (3%), have shown noteworthy improvement thus proving the efficiency of propolis and aloe vera in the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis.
Persuading Iranian Women toward Normal Vaginal Delivery: Using Pictorial Perception of the Labour Process
Authors: Kananikandeh Safieh
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND: Pictorial education could provide an innovative approach for health educators which help to increase health-related information, the attention of individuals, comprehension, and recall.AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pictorial perception of labour process by persuading Iranian women toward normal vaginal delivery.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pre and post non-randomized trial with control group carried out on non-probability sample consisted of 76 pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy in the four urban health care centres in Pars-Abad city, Iran, during 2014. Demographic, knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and intention to do normal vaginal delivery variables were measured by using self-administered questionnaire and via the self-report method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-21 software by Independent t-test, repeated measure, paired T-test, ANOVA, chi-square, Cochran’s Q, and McNemar test. Manipulation included a pictorial education program to persuade pregnant women toward selecting normal vaginal delivery.RESULTS: The results showed significant improvement in mean scores of knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy and behavioural intention of labour after manipulation in the intervention group (P < 0.001). It was found about 60% changes for intending to choose normal vaginal delivery, and 27/06% of women in the intervention group reported normal vaginal delivery versus the control group. And 10/81% of women did a cesarean section because of medical reasons during of delivery. Reduction of cesarean section was evident. Additionally, the annual rate of cesarean section decreased about 7% in comparison to the previous year.CONCLUSION: Pictorial education could be effective on the intention of women to choose natural vaginal delivery among pregnant women, and it can be used as an effective training technique for developing health literacy, enhancing self-efficacy and decision-making power of women in the delivery.
Revision of the Common International Classification for Ecosystem Services (CICES V5.1): A Policy Brief
Authors: Haines-Young Roy , Potschin-Young Marion
Published: June 2018

The Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) is widely used for mapping, ecosystem assessment, and natural capital ecosystem accounting. On the basis of the experience gained in using it since the first version was published in 2013, it has been updated for version 5.1. This policy brief summarises what has been done and how the classification can be used.
Sleep Disturbances in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Irfan Muna , Cherukuri Chandra M. , Khawaja Imran S. , Schenck Carlos H.
Published: June 2018

Although often underdiagnosed, sleep disorders can significantly add to morbidity in neurodegenerative illnesses. Early detection and management can not only improve sleep, but also alleviate caregiver burden and assist with future prognosis. In this article, we discuss various sleep disturbances noted in neurodegenerative disorders in the aging population. Characteristics and changes in sleep architecture with normal aging are described. Various types of sleep disturbances including insomnia, hypersomnia, sleep-related movement disorders, and parasomnias associated with major neuropathological categories of synucleinopathies and tauopathies are discussed.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2018;48(6):296–302.]
A Fast Distributed Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Algorithm Based on DSGD
Authors: Gao Yan , Zhou Lingjun , Chen Baifan , Xing Xiaobing
Published: June 2018

In numerous solutions, the distributed stochastic gradient descent algorithm is one of the most popular algorithms for parallelization matrix decomposition. However, in parallel calculation, the computing speed of each computing node was greatly different because of the imbalance of the computing nodes. This article reduced the data skew for all computing nodes during distributed execution to solve the problem of locking waiting. The improved algorithm on DSGD was named D-DSGD, which reduced the time consumption of the algorithm and improved the utilization rate of the nodes. Meanwhile, the dynamic step size adjusting strategy was applied to improve the convergence rate of the algorithm. To ensure the non-negative matrix decomposition, non-negative control was added into D-DSGD and the improved algorithm was named D-NMF. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm in this article has a marked impact on reducing the latency and speed of convergence.
Interactive Design of 3D Dynamic Gesture Based on SVM-LSTM Model
Authors: Wang Tao , Cai Xiaolong , Wang Liping , Tian Haoye
Published: June 2018

Visual hand gesture interaction is one of the main ways of human-computer interaction, and provides users more interactive degrees of freedom and more realistic interactive experience. Authors present a hybrid model based on SVM-LSTM, and design a three-dimensional dynamic gesture interaction system. The system uses Leap Motion to capture gesture information, combined with SVM powerful static gesture classification ability and LSTM powerful variable-length time series gesture processing ability, enabling real-time recognition of user gestures. The gesture interaction method can automatically define the start and end of gestures, recognition accuracy reached 96.4%, greatly reducing the cost of learning. Experiments have shown that the gesture interaction method proposed by authors is effective. In the simulated mobile environment, the average gesture prediction only takes 0.15 seconds, and ordinary users can quickly grasp this method.
Morphological, chemical and bioactive variation in selected Soursop germplasm
Authors: Padmini S. M. P. C. , Pushpakumara D. K. N. G. , Samarasekera R.
Published: June 2018

Soursop (Annona muricata L.) is an underutilized tropical fruit tree in Sri Lanka. The crop has shown variability for its fruit morphology and chemical constituents. Despite the importance of A. muricata collection, characterization and improvement of its germplasm has been limited in Sri Lanka, hindering its effective conservation through utilization. This study identified the morphological, chemical and bioactive variation of the selected germplasm of A. muricata. A multistage sampling survey was conducted in homegardens in the dry, intermediate and wet zones and random representative samples were collected from existing germplasm collections at the Research Centres in Sri Lanka. Morphological variations of A. muricata was observed in a total of 315 samples collected from three climatic zones and 133 samples obtained from germplasm collections at Research Centres. Although 45 morphological characters were recorded from 448 accessions only 15 characters were subjected to Principal Component Analysis, Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis, due to lack of variability and low coefficient of variation. A dendrogram showed nine distinguishable clusters at 1% linkage distance. Further, cluster analysis by using chemical characters (total soluble solids, pH, reducing sugars, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity) showed three distinguishable clusters at 0.5% linkage distance. Accessions 104 and 423 with different traits such as fruit weight (0.7 - 3.5 kg), seeds (5 - 8 seeds / 100 g of fruit pulp), high total soluble solids, and moderate free radical scavenging capacity, can be considered as morpho-types with superior characters for selection and improvement of A. muricata in Sri Lanka.
Cysteine-Reactive Free ISG15 Generates IL-1β–Producing CD8α+ Dendritic Cells at the Site of Infection
Authors: Napolitano Anna , van der Veen Annemarthe G. , Bunyan Monique , Borg Annabel , Frith David , Howell Steven , Kjaer Svend , Beling Antje , Snijders Ambrosius P. , Knobeloch Klaus-Peter , Frickel Eva-Maria
Published: June 2018

IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) 15 is a ubiquitin-like protein induced after type I IFN stimulation. There is a dearth of in vivo models to study free unconjugated ISG15 function. We found that free ISG15 enhances the production of IFN-γ and IL-1β during murine infection with Toxoplasma gondii. In our model, ISG15 is induced in a type I IFN–dependent fashion and released into the serum. Increased ISG15 levels are dependent on an actively invading and replicating parasite. Two cysteine residues in the hinge domain are necessary determinants for ISG15 to induce increased cytokine levels during infection. Increased ISG15 is concurrent with an influx of IL-1β–producing CD8α+ dendritic cells to the site of infection. In this article, we present Toxoplasma infection as a novel in vivo murine model to study the immunomodulatory properties of free ISG15 and uniquely link it to IL-1β production by CD8α+ dendritic cells driven by two cysteines in the hinge region of the protein.
CK2 Controls Th17 and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Through Inhibition of FoxO1
Authors: Gibson Sara A. , Yang Wei , Yan Zhaoqi , Qin Hongwei , Benveniste Etty N.
Published: June 2018

Growing evidence demonstrates that the highly conserved serine/threonine kinase CK2 promotes Th17 cell differentiation while suppressing the generation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs); however, the exact mechanism by which CK2 regulates the Th17/Treg axis remains unclear. CK2 can be composed of three distinct subunits: two catalytic subunits, CK2α and CK2α′, and the regulatory subunit CK2β. We generated mice that lack the major catalytic subunit of CK2, CK2α, specifically in mature T cells using the distal Lck-Cre (CK2α−/−). Importantly, CK2α deficiency resulted in a significant decrease in the overall kinase activity of CK2. Further, CK2α deficiency resulted in a significant defect in Th17 cell polarization and a reciprocal increase in Tregs both in vitro and in vivo in the context of autoimmune neuroinflammation. The transcription factor forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) directly inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and is essential for the generation of Tregs. CK2α−/− CD4+ T cells exhibit less phosphorylated FoxO1 and a corresponding increase in the transcription of FoxO1-regulated genes. Treatment of CK2α−/− CD4+ T cells with the FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856 or short hairpin RNA knockdown of FoxO1 is sufficient to rescue Th17 cell polarization. Through use of a genetic approach to target CK2 kinase activity, the current study provides evidence of a major mechanism by which CK2 regulates the Th17/Treg axis through the inhibition of FoxO1.
IL-36 and IL-1/IL-17 Drive Immunity to Oral Candidiasis via Parallel Mechanisms
Authors: Verma Akash H. , Zafar Hanna , Ponde Nicole O. , Hepworth Olivia W. , Sihra Diksha , Aggor Felix E. Y. , Ainscough Joseph S. , Ho Jemima , Richardson Jonathan P. , Coleman Bianca M. , Hube Bernhard , Stacey Martin , McGeachy Mandy J. , Naglik Julian R. , Gaffen Sarah L. , Moyes David L.
Published: June 2018

Protection against microbial infection by the induction of inflammation is a key function of the IL-1 superfamily, including both classical IL-1 and the new IL-36 cytokine families. Candida albicans is a frequent human fungal pathogen causing mucosal infections. Although the initiators and effectors important in protective host responses to C. albicans are well described, the key players in driving these responses remain poorly defined. Recent work has identified a central role played by IL-1 in inducing innate Type-17 immune responses to clear C. albicans infections. Despite this, lack of IL-1 signaling does not result in complete loss of immunity, indicating that there are other factors involved in mediating protection to this fungus. In this study, we identify IL-36 cytokines as a new player in these responses. We show that C. albicans infection of the oral mucosa induces the production of IL-36. As with IL-1α/β, induction of epithelial IL-36 depends on the hypha-associated peptide toxin Candidalysin. Epithelial IL-36 gene expression requires p38-MAPK/c-Fos, NF-κB, and PI3K signaling and is regulated by the MAPK phosphatase MKP1. Oral candidiasis in IL-36R−/− mice shows increased fungal burdens and reduced IL-23 gene expression, indicating a key role played by IL-36 and IL-23 in innate protective responses to this fungus. Strikingly, we observed no impact on gene expression of IL-17 or IL-17–dependent genes, indicating that this protection occurs via an alternative pathway to IL-1–driven immunity. Thus, IL-1 and IL-36 represent parallel epithelial cell–driven protective pathways in immunity to oral C. albicans infection.
Commuting and Semi-commuting Monomial-type Toeplitz Operators on Some Weakly Pseudoconvex Domains
Authors: Jiang Cao , Dong Xing-Tang , Zhou Ze-Hua
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we completely characterize the finite rank commutator and semi-commutator of two monomial-type Toeplitz operators on the Bergman space of certain weakly pseudoconvex domains. Somewhat surprisingly, there are not only plenty of commuting monomial-type Toeplitz operators but also non-trivial semi-commuting monomial-type Toeplitz operators. Our results are new even for the unit ball.
Airborne wind lidar observations over the North Atlantic in 2016 for the pre-launch validation of the satellite mission Aeolus
Authors: Lux Oliver , Lemmerz Christian , Weiler Fabian , Marksteiner Uwe , Witschas Benjamin , Rahm Stephan , Schäfler Andreas , Reitebuch Oliver
Published: June 2018

Abstract. In preparation of the satellite mission Aeolus carried
out by the European Space Agency, airborne wind lidar observations have been
performed in the frame of the North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact
Experiment (NAWDEX), employing the prototype of the satellite instrument,
the ALADIN Airborne Demonstrator (A2D). The direct-detection Doppler wind
lidar system is composed of a frequency-stabilized Nd:YAG laser operating at
355 nm, a Cassegrain telescope and a dual-channel receiver. The latter
incorporates a Fizeau interferometer and two sequential Fabry–Pérot
interferometers to measure line-of-sight (LOS) wind speeds by analysing both
Mie and Rayleigh backscatter signals. The benefit of the complementary
design is demonstrated by airborne observations of strong wind shear related
to the jet stream over the North Atlantic on 27 September and 4 October
2016, yielding high data coverage in diverse atmospheric conditions. The
paper also highlights the relevance of accurate ground detection for the
Rayleigh and Mie response calibration and wind retrieval. Using a detection
scheme developed for the NAWDEX campaign, the obtained ground return signals
are exploited for the correction of systematic wind errors. Validation of
the instrument performance and retrieval algorithms was conducted by
comparison with DLR's coherent wind lidar which was operated in parallel,
showing a systematic error of the A2D LOS winds of less than
0.5 m s−1 and random errors from 1.5
(Mie) to 2.7 m s−1 (Rayleigh).
Sensitivity study of the instrumental temperature corrections on Brewer total ozone column measurements
Authors: Berjón Alberto , Redondas Alberto , Sildoja Meelis-Mait , Nevas Saulius , Wilson Keith , León-Luis Sergio F. , el Gawhary Omar , Fountoulakis Ilias
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The instrumental temperature corrections to be applied to the ozone
measurements by the Brewer spectrophotometers are derived from the irradiance
measurements of internal halogen lamps in the instruments. These
characterizations of the Brewer spectrophotometers can be carried out within
a thermal chamber, varying the temperature from −5 to +45 ∘C, or during field measurements, making use of the natural change in ambient
temperature. However, the internal light source used to determine the thermal
sensitivity of the instrument could be affected in both methods by the
temperature variations as well, which may affect the determination of the
temperature coefficients. In order to validate the standard procedures for
determining Brewer's temperature coefficients, two independent experiments
using both external light sources and the internal halogen lamps have been
performed within the ATMOZ Project. The results clearly show that the
traditional methodology based on the internal halogen lamps is not sensitive
to the temperature-caused changes in the spectrum of the internal light
source. The three methodologies yielded equivalents results, with differences
in total ozone column below 0.08 % for a mean diurnal temperature variation
of 10 ∘C.
Drought Risk Assessment by Using Drought Hazard and
Vulnerability Indexes
Authors: Dabanli Ismail
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Drought has multiple impacts on socioeconomic sectors and it is expected to increase in the coming years due to non-stationary nature of climate variability and change. Here, we investigated drought hazard, vulnerability, and risk based on hydro-meteorological and actual socio-economic data for provinces of Turkey. Although, drought vulnerability and risk assessment are essential parts of drought phenomenon, so far, lack of proper integrated drought risk assessment in Turkey (and elsewhere) has led to higher socio-economic impacts. Firstly, the Drought Hazard Index (DHI) is derived based on the probability occurrences of drought using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to facilitate the understanding of drought phenomenon. Secondly, the Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI) is calculated by utilizing four socio-economic indicators to quantify drought impact on society. Finally, the Drought Risk Index (DRI) is obtained by multiplying DHI and DVI for provinces of Turkey to highlight the relative importance of hazard and vulnerability assessment for drought risk management. A set of drought hazard, vulnerability, and composite risk maps were then developed. The outputs of analysis reveal that among 81 administrative provinces in Turkey, 73 provinces are exposed to the low drought risk (0
The Learning Experience of International Students in Canada: Progressive Educational Theory and Passive Learning Styles
Authors: Alzahrani Maha Abdulwahed
Published: June 2018

This qualitative study examines the experience of Saudi students in the process of learning English while studying in an anglophone country. Through the lens of progressive educational theory and passive learning style, specific factors such as the students’ linguistic background and their current experience were explored. This study sought to uncover how these students perceived learning ESL in Saudi Arabia and how their prior learning has affected their current experience overseas. I examined students’ insights through the data collected mainly from semi-structured interviews and discourse analysis. In conclusion, the results revealed two major themes including the unprepared learner in Saudi Arabia and the unprepared learner in Canada. Besides, these students were influenced by the passive style they have received before moving to Canada, and they were introduced to a progressive educational system while studying abroad.
Illness Perception and Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Al-Kayyis Hasanul K. , Perwitasari Dyah A.
Published: June 2018

AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between illness perception and QoL in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients.MATERIAL & METHODS: We used cross-sectional design. The subjects were recruited from the Pringsewu Government Hospital in Lampung, Indonesia, and underwent T2DM treatment from May-July 2016. The subjects have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were patients age 15-65 with a diagnosis of T2DM with complications for more than 3 months prior and who consented to participate in the study. Participants used the self-reported questionnaire BIPQ (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire) to measure illness perception and the SF-36 (Short Form-36) questionnaire to measure QoL. Statistical analysis used in this study were Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression to test between illness perception and quality of life (QoL) domains. The correlation between variable were statistically significant if p value < 0.05.RESULTS: The domain of treatment management had the highest score among all BIPQ domains (mean: 8.55; SD: 1.99). Emotional well-being had the highest scores among the SF-36 domains (mean: 72.69; SD: 17.33). The energy domain in QoL was significantly predicted by consequence, personal management, and identity in the BIPQ illness perception components (p <0.0001). Moreover, the role limitation component was significantly predicted by emotional response, coherence and random blood glucose levels (p <0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: This study significantly showed weak positive correlations between illness perception and QoL in T2DM patients. An education strategy aimed at changing these negative emotional responses to improve patients’ role limitations due to emotional function should be considered.
Comparison of Quality of Life Between Jordanian and Saudi Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: AbuRuz Mohannad Eid , Alaloul Fawwaz
Published: June 2018

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure can influence all aspects of patients' health despite the improvement in its treatment. Different factors might affect the quality of life for patients with heart failure. These factors include but are not limited to: age, gender, ejection fraction, culture, and social support. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine differences in quality of life and perceived social support in patients with heart failure from Jordan and Saudi Arabia.MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross-sectional correlational design was used to test the objective of this study. A total of 202 patients were recruited from outpatient clinics of three hospitals in Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through the SF-36 and the MOS-SSS questionnaires.RESULTS: The results of this study demonstrated that Jordanian patients with heart failure reported significantly greater social support in all MOS-SSS subscales than the Saudi patients except for the tangible support. The Saudi patients reported significantly more mental impairment (p ˂ .01) and lower level of fatigue (p ˂ .01) than the Jordanian patients.CONCLUSIONS: It is important to assess and identify physical and psychological resources available for patients at home and in the community to improve their quality of life.
Retos para la vida independiente de las personas con discapacidad intelectual. Un estudio basado en sus opiniones, las de sus familias y las de los profesionales
Authors: Pallisera Díaz Maria , Fullana Noell Judit , Puyaltó Rovira Carol , Vilà Suñé Montserrat , Valls Gabernet María Josep , Díaz Garolera Gemma , Castro Belmonte Montse
Published: June 2018

A pesar de la ratificación de España de la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad en 2007, son escasos los estudios sobre la situación de las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) respecto a su derecho a la vida independiente (art. 19). Con el objetivo de analizar las barreras, los apoyos y los retos que inciden en el ejercicio de este derecho, se realizó un estudio cualitativo con el que se aplicaron 10 grupos focales y 22 entrevistas individuales a personas con discapacidad intelectual, 5 grupos focales con familias y 33 entrevistas individuales con profesionales. Los resultados de la investigación ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de garantizar la universalidad del derecho a la vida independiente, ofrecer apoyos personalizados de calidad y desarrollar acciones formativas y de sensibilización en materia de derechos con los distintos actores implicados.
Distancia social, creencias estereotípicas y emociones hacia las personas con discapacidad en universitarios mexicanos: diferencias por sexo
Authors: Echeverría Echeverría Rebelín , Flores Galaz Mirta Margarita
Published: June 2018

Este trabajo pretende determinar las diferencias entre emociones, creencias estereotípicas e intención conductual como componentes de las actitudes hacia personas con discapacidad, en hombres y mujeres. Participaron 564 estudiantes universitarios mexicanos, 270 mujeres y 292 hombres. Se administró la Escala de Creencias Estereotípicas hacia las Personas con Discapacidad, la Escala de Emociones hacia las Personas con Discapacidad y la Escala de Distancia Social de Bogardus. Los resultados principales evidencian, en los hombres, la presencia de creencias estereotípicas negativas y una intención conductual a la exclusión. En el caso de las mujeres se evidencia la expresión de más emociones positivas y disposición a convivir con las personas que viven con discapacidad. En la discusión de resultados la construcción de género cobra relevancia y se proponen líneas de acción para avanzar en la construcción de comunidades universitarias con actitudes más positivas hacia las personas con discapacidad y hacia la inclusión.
Ética de la inclusión y personas con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Etxeberria Mauleon Xabier
Published: June 2018

Etxeberria, X. (2018): “Ética de la inclusión y personas con discapacidad intelectual”. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 6 (I): 281-290.
Coaching para el empoderamiento de mujeres con discapacidad
Authors: Tirado Bermejo Aurora
Published: June 2018

Tirado, A. (2018): “Coaching para el empoderamiento de mujeres con discapacidad”. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 6 (I): 291-304.
Políticas curriculares e a base nacional comum curricular: emancipação ou regulação?
Authors: Almeida Maria De Lourdes Pinto de , Jung Hildegard Susana
Published: June 2018

Este artigo é fruto de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre a Base Nacional Comum Curricular. O objetivo é refletir sobre o documento em vigor no contexto das políticas educacionais, seguindo a metodologia histórico-crítica. Enquanto instrumento de regulação da educação com uma maquiagem de legislação, apresenta-se como caminho para a emancipação humana no sistema capitalista. Foram encontrados pontos de regulação na Base Comum a todos, pois a seleção de determinados conteúdos em detrimento de outros denuncia a visão de um grupo dominante acerca do que seja legítimo ensinar, num exercício de regulação a serviço de uma Pátria panóptica. Os fundamentos científicos, metodológicos, filosóficos e pedagógicos da proposta do Estado, ainda que questionem a tradicional integração das disciplinas e resgatem temas como a ética e a justiça, tornam a escola um cenário midiático, com apelo às estratégias televisivas de entretenimento, em que não especialistas falam sobre tudo.
Trabalho docente e saúde das professoras da educação infantil
Authors: Martins Maria De Fátima Duarte , Araujo Tania Maria , Vieira Jarbas Santos
Published: June 2018

O artigo apresenta resultados de um estudo de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo que investigou a relação entre o processo de trabalho docente e a saúde de todas as professoras de educação infantil de uma cidade de porte médio no Rio Grande do Sul. Fizeram parte do estudo 196 docentes. Nesse artigo apresentamos os resultados da etapa qualitativa que, através de entrevista semiestruturada, investigou as práticas educacionais utilizadas pelas professoras em seu cotidiano de trabalho. A partir dos eixos que conduziram as entrevistas, identificou-se sete categorias elencadas a partir da escuta das entrevistas, foram elas: Ação de Gestão Vocacional, Discurso moralizante, Intensificação, Identidade, Generificação e Medicamentação. Para analisar as entrevistas utilizou-se o modelo de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin.  Os resultados demonstraram que as docentes estão desenvolvendo seu trabalho em condições precárias, baixos salários, exigências burocráticas, condições físicas desfavoráveis, e esses fatores podem estar levando ao uso de medicamentos e ao adoecimento. Como modalidade de trabalho relativamente nova, estudos que deem visibilidade a esse grupo são necessários com o intuito de melhorar as condições laborais das docentes e evitar problemas em sua saúde.
Skladnost antibiotične kirurške profilakse s priporočili v UKC Ljubljana
Authors: Zidar Zupan Alenka , Beović Bojana , Gomišček Boštjan
Published: June 2018

Background: The antibiotic surgical prophylaxis (ASP) is very important as it can decrease the incidence of surgical infections. However, selection pressure of antibiotics is an important driver of antimicrobial resistance and may stimulate development of post-operative infections with resistant bacteria. This study aims to explore the level of compliance of ASP in daily practice with the set guidelines.Methods: Consecutive patients treated in the years 2011 and 2012 in UKCL were included in this retrospective study. Their medical records were reviewed and the results compared against the US Guidelines published in 2013. The following parameters were included in the study: application of an antibiotic prior to surgery, the appropriateness of the antibiotic and its dosage, application time and the number of doses applied.Results: Altogether 451 surgical procedures from 8 different UKCL's surgical units were analyzed. Patients age ranged from 18 to 97 years. Total compliance with the recommendations of ASP was achieved in 26 % of the cases. Antibiotic prophylaxis was applied in 87 % (range 62–100 %) of procedures with the indicated ASP. Appropriate choice of antibiotic reached 95 % (range 46–100 %). The lowest score was observed for the number of doses applied; the average compliance across 8 units was 46 %. Overall, the ASP was compliant with guidelines in 26 %.Conclusion: The study revealed that there is much space for improvement regarding the studied parameters of the ASP, in particular with regard to the appropriate number of doses of antibiotics administered. The prescribing and administrating of ASP in accordance with the recommendations depend strongly on the awareness and education of health care personnel as well as on supervision, feedback and supportive and blameless organization with good interpersonal communication.
Reading Between the Bars: Brain Science Suggests New Considerations for the Legal System
Authors: Field Isabella
Published: June 2018

The following review surveys the current role of intent in determining blameworthiness in the criminal justice system. Through research on empathy, stress and the factors that contribute to antisocial personality disorder, the work aims to communicate the necessity for new technology in this field. In order to improve the accuracy of the criminal justice system in assigning punishment and rehabilitating offenders, there must be consideration for the nature and nurture that contributed to the individual’s decision making, not just the choices they make or the evidence presented against them. philosopher immanuel kant affirms that intention is the true indicator of character, and if the criminal justice system works to employ neurotechnology that is more accurate in determining guilt, society can improve. Crime rates and the number of people in prison will decrease, as preventative measures can be taken once knowledge is spread about the environmental factors that can breed criminals. ignorance of this fundamental aspect of criminology will lead to the promotion of dishonesty in our culture, as well as cyclical crime as offenders may not be receiving the help they need.