bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Sardinian Family with Factor XI Deficiency
Authors: Barcellona Doris , Favuzzi Giovanni , Vannini Maria Luigia , Piras Sebastiana Maria , Ruberto Maria Filomena , Grandone Elvira , Marongiu Francesco
Published: July 2019

Introduction Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is a bleeding disorder which causes a bleeding tendency after trauma or surgery. An inhibitor may be acquired secondary to replacement therapy.

Aim To study on genetical and functional grounds a family admitted to our Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre for an incidental finding of a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in three members.

Methods aPTT mixing test, dosage of FXI activity and antigen, FXI inhibitor titration, DNA analysis and clot waveform analysis (CWA) were performed.

Results Patients II.1, II.3 and II.4 showed a severe FXI deficiency (0.7, 0.7 and 1.8%, respectively) and low antigen level. Since the proposita was already treated with plasma, the dosage of the inhibitor was determined to be 6.4 Bethesda units. They were homozygous for the p.Glu117Stop mutation. The other family members were heterozygous. The velocity and the maximum acceleration of the clot formation were lower than those of the other family members and the normal subjects but higher than those of patients with acquired haemophilia A.

Conclusion A mixing test of a prolonged aPTT should be performed because it will be present both in patients with or without the inhibitor. A molecular analysis in severe FXI deficiency is warranted as it may have prognostic significance. CWA may be helpful for better understanding the pathophysiology of this kind of defect.
Continuous EEG Monitoring in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Patil Anuja , Vooturi Sudhindra , Jayalakshmi Sita
Published: July 2019

Trends of electroencephalogram (EEG) over 24 to 48 hours can help in prognostication in patients. Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) allows for “real-time” bedside evaluation of cerebral function and can help to monitor patients in intensive care units. Lack of expertise in interpretation of the long-term EEG patterns and controversies in treatment implications have restricted the widespread use of this modality. This review summarizes the indications, techniques, duration, and pitfalls in cEEG monitoring. Compared with routine planned EEG, use of cEEG monitoring increases the sensitivity to detect nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) or nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in unresponsive patients with no or subtle clinical signs of seizures. cEEG helps in reducing the overall intensive care unit (ICU) stay by timely detection of possible ischemic or ictal insults, alleviating the need for costlier imaging tests, and by precise drug adjustment in case of SE. However, standardization of the technical terms for wider applicability is needed. Analysis of automated computerized assays in seizure detection and their clinical role and addressing the technical aspects in long-term recordings should be evaluated; cEEG is gaining an important role in the multiparametric neuro-critical care units. Development of defined guidelines for the indications and application of cEEG, technological advances, and ongoing refinements are expected to enhance its utility in clinical practice.
Secretion Management in Tracheostomized Infants using Unconventional Approaches and Outcomes: A Case Series
Authors: Shah Hevil , Jadcherla Sudarshan R.
Published: July 2019

Objective This study aimed to increase the understanding of secretion management in infants with tracheostomies. In this case series, we describe objective evidence for an unconventional approach in infants refractory to conventional management techniques.

Study Design Case study of two NICU infants utilizing high-resolution manometry was undertaken using personalized oral stimulation protocols with fruity foods.

Results Oral stimulation improved infant swallowing to clear secretions and reduce the need for suctioning.

Conclusion Innovative oral stimulation protocols are needed to improve swallowing in high-risk infants.
The Characteristics and Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation within the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Based on Gestational Age and Unit Level of Care
Authors: Ahmad Kaashif A. , Velasquez Steven G. , Kohlleppel Katy L. , Henderson Cody L. , Stine Christina N. , LeVan Jaclyn M. , Bhalala Utpal S.
Published: July 2019

Objectives This study aimed to describe the variation of in-neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) characteristics and outcomes across different gestational ages and levels of NICU care.

Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of in-NICU CPR events across 10 NICUs in San Antonio, TX from 2012 through 2017.

Results We identified 140 patients experiencing a total of 210 in-NICU CPR events. CPR was performed in 0.23% of Level III and 0.85% of Level IV NICU admissions. Gestational age was inversely related to CPR incidence. The median age at in-NICU CPR was lower for preterm versus term infants (6 vs. 28 days, p = 0.002). With regression modeling, each added minute of chest compression decreased the odds of return to spontaneous circulation by 11%.

Conclusion In-NICU CPR incidence rises with decreasing gestational age and increasing level of NICU care. The rate of return of spontaneous circulation decreases significantly with increasing duration of chest compressions. Further study is needed to identify patient factors associated with adverse outcome.
Geometry of quantum Riemannian Hamiltonian evolution
Authors: Elgressy Gil , Horwitz Lawrence
Published: July 2019

This paper concerns a study of the quantum mechanical extension of the work of Horwitz et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 234301 (2007)] on the stability of classical Hamiltonian systems by geometrical methods. Simulations are carried out for several important examples; these show that the quantum mechanical extension of the classical method, for which trajectories are plotted as expectation values of the corresponding quantum operators, appears to work well, providing results consistent with the corresponding classical problems. The results appear to provide a new contribution to the subject of quantum dynamical instability.
Double-pulse characterization by self-referenced spectral interferometry
Authors: Gulyás Oldal L. , Csizmadia T. , Ye P. , Harshitha N. G. , Füle M. , Zaïr A.
Published: July 2019

The reconstruction of ultrashort optical pulses with a complex intensity substructure is demonstrated using the Self-Referenced Spectral Interferometry (SRSI) pulse characterization technique with a modified phase retrieval algorithm. A correction spectral phase term is extracted by the manipulation of the temporal interferogram, allowing the treatment of scenarios with complicated pulse shapes, where the original algorithm fails. The improved SRSI algorithm is verified through the application on two temporally well-separated pulses having the same polarization direction and spectral shape, generated by duplicating 37 fs-long amplified pulses of a Ti:Sa based laser system. The spectral phase of highly chirped double pulses with equal or different amplitude ratios is numerically retrieved. The collinear and achromatic experimental arrangement results in a compact and easy-to-align system.
Advantages of fiber Bragg gratings for measuring electric motor loadings in aerospace application
Authors: Keller Douglas , Eagan Daniel R. , Fochesatto Gilberto J. , Peterson Rorik , Chan Hon Man , Parker Allen
Published: July 2019

Electric motors are being investigated in-depth for their application in aerospace. Part of this investigation is the characterization of the loadings from the propulsion devices, in a stationary setup, usually accomplished through the utilization of load cells. The majority of the load cells used in this application are designed around a resistance-based strain gauge. However, electric motors radiate electromagnetic interference (EMI) when in operation, which degrades the signal retrieved through the strain gauge, due to the gauge’s metallic construction acting as an antenna for the EMI. To demonstrate the advantage of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), with their immunity to EMI, a load cell implementing both sensor technologies was designed and subjected to the same mechanical loading and EMI, with a flywheel coupled to a brushless DC motor. The load cell had a sensitivity of 8.59 ± 0.18 N and 2.49 ± 2.49 N through the strain gauge and FBG system, respectively. The strain gauge signal contained the mechanical loading signal embedded in wideband noise and spikes (that increased linearly with motor angular velocity), while the FBG signal did not, with little noise. The raw strain gauge signal, at a maximum, had a signal power ratio (mechanical signal power divided by the overall signal power mean) of 21.06 at 104.72 rad/s; the FBG signal, at a minimum, had a signal power ratio of 40.09 at 52.36 rad/s. Therefore, on the basis of the mechanical tests performed in this work, the recommended sensor of choice for electric propulsion in aerospace applications is the FBG.
Novel piezoelectric rotary motor driven by a single-phase sine wave with an asymmetric stator
Authors: Pan Qiaosheng , Hu Jinsheng , Miao Enming , Chen Suxin , Shu Shuangbao , Hu Penghao , Huang Bin
Published: July 2019

This study demonstrates a new approach for constructing a rotary piezoelectric motor that utilizes an asymmetric stator driven by a single-phase signal. An asymmetric stator with four driving feet is proposed on the basis of the idea of generating asymmetric action on the rotor. This new motor consists of one piezoelectric transducer with two anchors and four driving feet placed in a parallelogram and internally connected to a circular rotor. The four feet vibrate asymmetrically to push the rotor into motion in one direction when a preload is applied. The proposed motor is designed, analyzed, and tested by using a finite element method (FEM). The vibration and impedance characteristics of the stator are measured after fabricating a prototype, and the test results are consistent with the FEM analysis results. The typical output of the prototype is a no-load speed of 176.5 rpm and a maximum torque of 29.4 N mm at an excitation voltage of 274 Vp-p.
Design of coaxial coupled structure for distance-insensitive wireless power transfer
Authors: Han Gao , Liu Yanming , Guo Shizhong , Han Tao , Li Qian
Published: July 2019

Coaxial coupled structure of wireless power transfer, applied to high-precision instruments in aerospace, can eliminate interference sources by spatial isolation. For the optimization of the electromagnetic structure, a C-shaped magnetic structure is presented for both shielding electromagnetic simulation and improving coupling. By comparing of spiral and coaxial structures, an analysis is presented and validated in the effect of positional offset on inductive coupling, voltage gain, and efficiency. To obtain a stable and sufficient power supply, the prototype is implemented based on primary series-secondary series compensation topology with a maximum output power of 200 W, and a DC-DC efficiency of 82% is achieved.
Normal dispersion silicon oxynitride microresonator Kerr frequency combs
Authors: Chen Dongyu , Kovach Andre , Poust Sumiko , Gambin Vincent , Armani Andrea M.
Published: July 2019

On-chip optical resonators have proven to be a promising platform for generating Kerr frequency combs. Whispering gallery mode resonators are particularly attractive because of their small footprint as well as low threshold and power consumption. This performance can be attributed to two characteristics: the cavity quality factor (Q) and the cavity dispersion. The input optical field into the cavity is amplified by the cavity Q, enabling nonlinear processes to occur with low input powers. In addition, the total span of the optical comb is governed by the dispersion. In an optical cavity-based comb, the dispersion is governed by the geometric dispersion of the cavity and the material dispersion. While many different materials have been explored, the realization of ultrahigh Q (UHQ) on-chip frequency comb sources is still challenging for most materials. One exception is the family of integrated silica devices. However, because the silica attracts water molecules from the ambient environment, the lifetime of the device performance is fundamentally limited, unless packaged in a controlled atmosphere. Here, we demonstrate the generation of environmentally stable frequency combs fabricated from SiO1.7N0.13 microtoroidal resonators. Due to the UHQ factors of the cavities, parametric oscillations with submicrowatt thresholds are demonstrated. Based on their geometry and material properties, the cavities have normal dispersion. However, due to avoided mode crossing, frequency combs are generated. Finally, unlike SiO2, SiO1.7N0.13 inhibits the formation of a water monolayer, allowing submicrowatt performance to be maintained for over a week in devices stored with minimal environmental controls.
Enhanced electroosmotic flow of Herschel-Bulkley fluid in a channel patterned with periodically arranged slipping surfaces
Authors: Bhattacharyya Somnath , Bag Naren
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we consider the electroosmotic flow (EOF) of a viscoplastic fluid within a slit nanochannel modulated by periodically arranged uncharged slipping surfaces and no-slip charged surfaces embedded on the channel walls. The objective of the present study is to achieve an enhanced EOF of a non-Newtonian yield stress fluid. The Herschel-Bulkley model is adopted to describe the transport of the non-Newtonian electrolyte, which is coupled with the ion transport equations governed by the Nernst-Planck equations and the Poisson equation for electric field. A pressure-correction-based control volume approach is adopted for the numerical computation of the governing nonlinear equations. We have derived an analytic solution for the power-law fluid when the periodic length is much higher than channel height with uncharged free-slip patches. An agreement of our numerical results under limiting conditions with this analytic model is encouraging. A significant EOF enhancement and current density in this modulated channel are achieved when the Debye length is in the order of the nanochannel height. Flow enhancement in the modulated channel is higher for the yield stress fluid compared with the power-law fluid. Unyielded region develops adjacent to the uncharged slipping patches, and this region expands as slip length is increased. The impact of the boundary slip is significant for the shear thinning fluid. The results indicate that the channel can be cation selective and nonselective based on the Debye layer thickness, flow behavior index, yield stress, and planform length of the slip stripes.
Ice growth rate: Temperature dependence and effect of heat dissipation
Authors: Montero de Hijes P. , Espinosa J. R. , Vega C. , Sanz E.
Published: July 2019

The transformation of liquid water into solid ice is arguably the most important phase transition on Earth. A key aspect of such transformation is the speed with which ice grows once it is nucleated. There are contradictory experimental results as to whether the ice growth rate shows a maximum on cooling. Previous simulation results point to the existence of such a maximum. However, simulations were performed at constant temperature with the aid of a thermostat that dissipates the heat released at the ice-water interface unrealistically fast. Here, we perform simulations of ice growth without any thermostat. Large systems are required to perform these simulations at constant overall thermodynamic conditions (pressure and temperature). We obtain the same growth rate as in previous thermostatted simulations. This implies that the dynamics of ice growth is not affected by heat dissipation. Our results strongly support the experiments predicting the existence of a maximum in the ice growth rate. By using the Wilson-Frenkel kinetic theory, we argue that such maximum is due to a competition between an increasing crystallization thermodynamic driving force and a decreasing molecular mobility on cooling.
Characterization of SSMVEP-based EEG signals using multiplex limited penetrable horizontal visibility graph
Authors: Gao Zhong-Ke , Guo Wei , Cai Qing , Ma Chao , Zhang Yuan-Bo , Kurths Jürgen
Published: July 2019

The steady state motion visual evoked potential (SSMVEP)-based brain computer interface (BCI), which incorporates the motion perception capabilities of the human visual system to alleviate the negative effects caused by strong visual stimulation from steady-state VEP, has attracted a great deal of attention. In this paper, we design a SSMVEP-based experiment by Newton's ring paradigm. Then, we use the canonical correlation analysis and Support Vector Machines to classify SSMVEP signals for the SSMVEP-based electroencephalography (EEG) signal detection. We find that the classification accuracy of different subjects under fatigue state is much lower than that in the normal state. To probe into this, we develop a multiplex limited penetrable horizontal visibility graph method, which enables to infer a brain network from 62-channel EEG signals. Subsequently, we analyze the variation of the average weighted clustering coefficient and the weighted global efficiency corresponding to these two brain states and find that both network measures are lower under fatigue state. The results suggest that the associations and information transfer efficiency among different brain regions become weaker when the brain state changes from normal to fatigue, which provide new insights into the explanations for the reduced classification accuracy. The promising classification results and the findings render the proposed methods particularly useful for analyzing EEG recordings from SSMVEP-based BCI system.
High-pressure isothermal equation of state of composite materials: A case study of LX-17 polymer bonded explosive
Authors: Leversee River A. , Zaug Joseph M. , Sain John D. , Weir Samuel T. , Bastea Sorin , Fried Laurence E. , Stavrou Elissaios
Published: July 2019

Experimental determination of the isothermal high-pressure equation of state (EOS) of composites is not feasible by using conventional diffraction techniques. To overcome this issue in the case of polymer bonded explosives (PBXs), composites made of an energetic material and a polymeric binder, we have expanded the applicability of the optical microscopy and interferometry technique previously developed in our group. To accommodate representative samples of a PBX with large grains, we modified the diamond culets of a diamond anvil cell to include etched micrometer-scale pits. This enabled us to measure the isothermal EOS of a PBX, namely, LX-17, up to 8 GPa. The results are compared with the EOSs of the constituent materials and previously published shock measurements. The technique employed in this study is not limited to PBXs and could be potentially used for the EOS determination of other materials ranging from composites to alloys and granular materials.
Inducing locally structured ion energy distributions in intermediate-pressure plasmas
Authors: Doyle Scott J. , Gibson Andrew R. , Boswell Rod W. , Charles Christine , Dedrick James P.
Published: July 2019

Ion energy distribution functions (IEDFs) incident upon material surfaces in radio frequency (rf) capacitively coupled plasmas are coupled to spatial and temporal sheath dynamics. Tailoring the ion energy distribution function within intermediate-pressure plasmas (≈133 Pa, 1 Torr), which find application in surface modification and aerospace industries, is challenging due to the collisional conditions. In this work, experimentally benchmarked 2D fluid/Monte-Carlo simulations are employed to demonstrate the production of structured IEDFs in a collisional (200 Pa 1.5 Torr argon) rf hollow cathode discharge. The formation of structures within the IEDFs is explained by an increase in the Ar+ ion-neutral mean-free-path and a simultaneous decrease in the phase-averaged sheath extension as the rf voltage frequency increases over 13.56–108.48 MHz for a constant rf voltage amplitude (increasing plasma power) and gas flow rate. Two distinct transitions in the shape of the IEDF are observed at 450 V, corresponding to the formation of “mid-energy” (60–180 eV) structures between 40.68 and 54.24 MHz and additional “high energy” (≳180 eV) structures between 81.36 and 94.92 MHz, with the structures within each region displaying a distinct sensitivity to the applied voltage amplitude. Transitions between these energy ranges occurred at lower applied voltages for increased applied voltage frequencies, providing increased control of the mean and modal ion energy over a wider voltage range. The capabitlity to extend the range of access to an operational regime, where the structured IEDFs are observed, is desirable for applications that require control of the ion-bombardment energy under collisional plasma conditions.
Simulation of generation of ultrashort pulses in a laser based on the nonlinear polarisation evolution in two segments of a polarisation-maintaining fibre
Authors: Bychkov I.N. , Baranov A.I.
Published: July 2019

A model describing generation of ultrashort optical pul­ses in a fibre cavity with Kerr nonlinearity and normal dispersion is constructed based on numerical solution of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The model makes it possible to investigate the specific features of pulsed generation of a passively mode-locked laser bas­ed on the effect of nonlinear polarisation evolution (NPE) in two segments of a polarisation-maintaining (PM) fibre. It is shown theoretically that the proposed scheme may provide generation of linearly chirped optical pulses with a spectral width of above 25 nm and a centre wavelength of 1030 nm.
Simulation of quantum logic by linear recording of superimposed Fourier holograms: Linda phenomenon
Authors: Pavlov A.V.
Published: July 2019

The classical mechanism of the quantum-like cognitive phenomenon of ‘Linda’ is demonstrated, which operates by linear recording of Fourier superimposed holograms in a phase-conjugate 4f-scheme. The results of numerical experiments are presented.
Polymer dye laser pumped with green semiconductor lasers
Authors: Burdukova O.A. , Dolotov S.M. , Petukhov V.A. , Semenov M.A.
Published: July 2019

We report the results of experiments on quasi-longitudinal pumping of a polymer dye laser by two green ( λ = 513 nm) pulsed laser diodes. The lasing thresholds, efficiency, and photostability of pyrromethenes in various polymers are studied. The efficiency of dye lasers based on pyrromethene 567 and pyrromethene 580 with a three-mirror cavity with partial astigmatism compensation exceeds 20 %.
Effect of laser radiation on the gamma activity of aqueous salt solutions containing 152Eu
Authors: Barmina E.V. , Simakin A.V. , Stegailov V.I. , Tyutyunnikov S.I. , Shafeev G.A. , Shcherbakov I.A.
Published: July 2019

We report an experimental study of the effect of laser irradiation of aqueous salt solutions containing the 152Eu isotope in the presence of nickel nanoparticles on the gamma activity of the isotope. Nickel nanoparticles are generated using laser ablation of the target in water and added to the radionuclide solution before irradiation. Two types of Nd : YAG lasers with a pulse duration of 10 ns and different repetition rates are used to irradiate the solutions. It is found that the 152Eu activity as a result of repeated irradiation of solutions by a series of pulses decreases with each irradiation cycle. The obtained results are compared with data on the effect of maser radiation with a wavelength of 8 mm on the activity of the same isotope. Possible mechanisms of the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the 152Eu gamma activity are discussed.
Reconciliation as a political discourse in Thailand’s current conflicts
Authors: Satidporn Wichuda , Thananithichot Stithorn
Published: July 2019

Why do Thai governments fail in maintaining peace through conducting a reconciliation process? This article answers this question through an assessment of how the term reconciliation has been defined and used by the Thai governments and political leaders during the past decades. This article finds that the political conflicts in Thailand have never been solved because several times, reconciliation in the Thai language is a term that has been dynamically interpreted and applied by leaders of the conflicting groups as a means to defeat the people of the opposing groups rather that a means of resolving problems and reconciling society.
Multi-enzymatic recycling of ATP and NADPH for the synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid using a semipermeable reaction system
Authors: Aiguo Zhao , Ruiwen Ding , Meizhi Zhai
Published: July 2019

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an important cellular metabolic intermediate that has broad agricultural and medical applications. Previously, attempts have been made to synthesize ALA by multiple enzymes in cell free systems. Here we report the development of a semi-permeable system for ALA production using stable enzymes. Glucose, sodium polyphosphate, ATP, tRNA, glutamate and NADPH were used as substrates for ALA synthesis by a total of nine enzymes: adenylate kinase, polyphosphate kinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphogluconolactonase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glutamyl-tRNA synthetase and glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase from E. coli, hexokinase from yeast, as well as glutamyl-tRNA reductase and its stimulator protein glutamyl-tRNA reductase binding protein (GBP) from Arabidopsis in a semi-permeable system. After reaction for 48 h, the glutamate conversion reached about 95%. This semi-permeable system facilitated the reuse of enzymes, and was helpful for the separation and purification of the product. The ALA production could be further improved by process optimization and enzyme engineering.

Abbreviations: PPK: polyphosphate kinase; ADK: adenylate kinase; ALA: 5-Aminolevulinic acid; HK: hexokinase; ZWF: glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase; PGL: phosphogluconolactonase; GND: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; GTS: glutamyl-tRNA synthetase; GTR: glutamyl-tRNA reductase; GBP: GTR binding protein; GSAAT: glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase.
Pattern analysis suggests that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in maturing soybean seeds promotes the accumulation of protein
Authors: Yamamoto Naoki , Masumura Takehiro , Yano Kentaro , Sugimoto Toshio
Published: July 2019

The protein and oil contents in soybean seeds are major factors in seed quality. Seed proteins and oils are synthesized from sucrose and nitrogenous compounds transported into maturing seeds. In this study, we compared changes in the activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and the accumulation profiles of protein and oil in maturing seeds of two soybean cultivars, which exhibit different protein and oil contents in seeds, to determine the interrelationships of them. A principal component analysis indicated a concordance of seed PEPC activity with the protein content, but did not with the oil content. PEPC activity per seed was highest in the late maturation stage, when the physiological status of the vegetative organs drastically changed. The high-protein cultivar had higher PEPC activity compared to the low-protein cultivar. These results highlight the biological role of PEPC in the synthesis of protein, therefore it was implied that PEPC could be a biomarker in soybean breeding.

Abbreviations: ANOVA: analysis of variance; DS: developmental stage; DW: dry weight; FW: fresh weight; NIR: near infrared; PEP(C): phosphoenolpyruvate (carboxylase); PC(A): principal component (analysis); S.E.: standard error; WC: water content.
Chromatin targeting of nuclear pore proteins induces chromatin decondensation
Authors: Kuhn Terra M. , Pascual-Garcia Pau , Gozalo Alejandro , Little Shawn C. , Capelson Maya
Published: July 2019

Nuclear pore complexes have emerged in recent years as chromatin-binding nuclear scaffolds, able to influence target gene expression. However, how nucleoporins (Nups) exert this control remains poorly understood. Here we show that ectopically tethering Drosophila Nups, especially Sec13, to chromatin is sufficient to induce chromatin decondensation. This decondensation is mediated through chromatin-remodeling complex PBAP, as PBAP is both robustly recruited by Sec13 and required for Sec13-induced decondensation. This phenomenon is not correlated with localization of the target locus to the nuclear periphery, but is correlated with robust recruitment of Nup Elys. Furthermore, we identified a biochemical interaction between endogenous Sec13 and Elys with PBAP, and a role for endogenous Elys in global as well as gene-specific chromatin decompaction. Together, these findings reveal a functional role and mechanism for specific nuclear pore components in promoting an open chromatin state.
Emission Cross Sections of Eu3+ doped TiO2 Prepared via Sol-Gel
Authors: Alwan Mohammed H , Yaseen Hanna M , Tahir Khawla J , Jabar Basma A
Published: July 2019

Titanium dioxide nanoparticle doped with Europium ions Eu3+ was synthesis by performing of sol gel technique, the UV-Visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to investigate the spectroscopic properties of prepared doped sample. Two peaks at wavelength around 590nm and 612nm are recorded in fluorescence spectrum (wavelength of excitation light source equal to 390nm). The UV-Visible and fluorescence spectra are analyzed to determined peak emission cross-section σem. Depending on the suitable value of σem, it could strongly suggest to use Eu:TiO2 as optical material for laser action.
The effect on Leaching Rate of Y and Ce Doped in Glass and Glass-Ceramic
Authors: Abd Aljbar Alyaa A , Hussein Orass A , Khudhair Dawood M
Published: July 2019

Nuclear waste in Iraq has three major sources; spent nuclear fuel from the old Iraqi Atomic Energy Organization in Al-Twitha site, waste from radioactive isotopes used in medicine and waste generated by the nuclear weapons used in the war against Iraq in 2003. These waste need to storage until becomes safety. Therefore in this study nuclear wastes (strontium oxides) were stored by vitrification methods in two types of borosilicate glass (glass and glass-ceramics) and the effect of beta ray on the immobilized waste was done. Then the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of borosilicate glass contain strontium oxide before and after irradiated by beta ray were investigated. It found that the leaching was not affected by beta-ray and neutrons.
Improving Oxidation Resistance Wear Properties of Valves Trays Used in Oil Distillation Towers
Authors: Fakhri Aya S. , Al-Gaban Ahmed M. , Yousif Hussain M.
Published: July 2019

Valve trays play an important role in the refinery crude oil distillation process. Valve trays are covered by lift able caps. The lifting cap positions vapor to flow horizontally into the liquid which providing better vapor/liquid contact and better separation at each tray. Corrosion and wear resistance are the most important properties should be found in the valve trays and caps. This research deals with increasing corrosion and wear resistance of valve trays and caps using thermal spray technique. (Ni Al Cr) powder was used to apply coating layer on the substrate surface. Some mechanical properties are evaluated for the coating layer. Oxidation test was performed using oxidation system. Data and results revealed that the coating layer with the thickness of 100 µm has slightly resistance against oxidation, while the thickness of 200 µm has excellent oxidation resistance and good peeling resistance. Thickness of 300 µm has excellent oxidation resistance but has poor peeling resistance.
Vitamins B therapy in Regeneration of Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with Lipid Profile
Authors: AL-Saaeed S M , Ali H A , Ali S M , Ali S A
Published: July 2019

Objective: To investigate the role of serum lipid profile during the regeneration of experimental crush peripheral nerve injury to rats. Besides, to investigate which type of vitamin B therapy is better to accelerate the regeneration processes.Methods: Seventy-five male albino rats male, aged between 10 to 12 weeks were equally divided into 5 treated groups: B1, B6, B12, Tri-B complex and normal saline. Rats of therapeutic groups were administered according to the grouping and lasted to 45 consecutive days, and every 5 rats were sacrificed by euthanizing at 15th, 30th and 45th days. At dissection, sciatic nerve samples are taken from the site of crushed lesion and immersed in fixed formaldehyde 10%. 05 to 7 µm thick paraffin sections were stained by H&E and blood sample for lipid profile analysis.Results: The result showed no significant differences in serum lipid profile between therapeutic groups and control was found. Histological changes were shown on 15th days as, diffuse degeneration of the myelinated fibers with a marked vacuolization of some nerve fiber, numerous atrophic disoriented fibers with a large number of mononuclear phagocytes infiltration and degenerative debris. On 45th days there is a clear normal orientation of collagen fiber with very little debris and no vacuolization of the nerve. Morphometric measurements showed the myelin sheath thickness was increased significantly on the 30th and 45th days as compared with the control group. The result showed vitamin B12 is better in acceleration to nerve regeneration B12 groups showed better regenerative rate among other groups.Conclusion: no changes in serum lipid profile on experimental animals during regeneration processes. Vitamin B12 is better for enhancing the regenerative process.
Preparation, morphological, and mechanical characterization of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite for gamma-rays radiation shielding
Authors: Fakher Alfahed R. K. , Mohammad Kareem K. , Majeed Munaf S. , Ali Badran Hussain , Ali Kamal M. , Yahya Kadem Burak
Published: July 2019

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been prepared as a films with different volume ratios of titanium dioxide (TiO2). Atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to test morphology and grain size of the specimen surfaces. The results revealed that the surface roughness of specimen decreased with increasing the ratio of TiO2 whereas the grain size was increased. The stress-strain curves for TiO2/PVA composite films with 0%, 0.02%, 0.03%, and 0.04% TiO2 content are characterized. The mechanical performance of the TiO2/PVA composite films was clearly affected according to loaded TiO2 contrast to that of the pure film. Furthermore, the titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite samples examined as a shielding material of gamma ray. linear attenuation coefficient was measured by using the Cesium-137 (Cs-137) and gamma-ray photons 662 keV as a radioactive source. It was shown that the efficiency of shielding material increased with increasing the loaded amount of TiO2.
Skin Cancer Diagnosis by Using Fuzzy Logic and GLCM
Authors: Ghali Fatima
Published: July 2019

Image processing is one of the most strong and popular computer science technologies increasingly used today especially with medical sciences. It’s commonly used to diagnose and detect many kinds of cancer diseases early such as skin cancer, and others. In this paper two techniques have been used to detect Skin Cancer. These two techniques are Fuzzy logic and GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) where they can distinguish among cancerous skin and non-cancerous. The distinguish operation is based on extracted featured values from GLCM. The features GLCM include are Contrast, Correlation, Energy, Entropy, and Homogeneity. However, our contribution is a new algorithm for diagnosis two phase, the first is the normal situation and second is the skin cancer. After the design and implementation of the algorithm the result was good as we can see in the implementation section.
Evaluation of the influence of directivity factor of directive elements of conformal and planar antenna arrays on the performances of azimuth-elevation DOA estimation
Authors: Alkhafaji Sarmad K. D.
Published: July 2019

The conformal and planar antenna arrays with directive elements are ones with antenna elements located on twisted and flat surfaces and are of great interest for communication systems. The research of direction-of-arrival estimation method with superresolution MUSIC on conformal and planar antenna arrays of different configurations depending on directivity ratio of elements has been fulfilled. The root mean square error rate for one and multiple incident signals has been also has been calculated by simulations. The directivity ratio has been changed from 1 (omnidirectional antenna) up to 30 (high directive antenna). The number of antenna elements was the same and equal to sixteen. Microstrip elements are used having the width of substrate equal to λ/2, the gap between the elements missed. The scenario with one incident signal source was researched; its azimuth coordinate was changed from 0° up to 180°. The average root-mean-square-error (RMSE) along all the estimated coordinates was calculated and also the minimum and maximum value of the errors was taken into account in order to realize the dependence of the RMSE on the azimuth coordinate. The RMSE of multiple signal sources estimation has been calculated.
Pharmacological and Biological Evaluation of 5,5’[(1,4-Phenelene) bis (1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine)]
Authors: Saeed Ban M.S. , Al-jadaan Shaker A.N. , Abbas Basil A.
Published: July 2019

The thiadiazole 2-amines compound have been synthesis in this study. The biological activity of the compound was determined at 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/ml against four types of bacteria i.e. Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Slmonella sp. The results of MIC were 2,5,4,5 mg/ml for Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Slmonella spp, respectively. Median lethal dose (LD50) and cytotoxic activity were also investigated. The results showed that this compound did not affect the red blood until the concentration reach 30mg/ml or above. The LD50 for this compound is 0.01994 gm/kg bw.
The seismic evidence of passively evolving Messinian Salt in the Offshore Syria
Authors: Alsouki Mohammad , Alali Najeh , Alattabi Abdulhuseeien N.
Published: July 2019

Accurate interpretation and analysis of good quality 2D-seismic data has contributed to understanding evolution of salt diapirism in the Syrian Offshore located in the easternmost Mediterranean. Salt diapirs in the study area are mainly characterized by sub-annular shape structures resultant of flow and withdrawal of the Messinian Salt as passive diapirs during the Plio-Pleistocene-Recent times. Analysis and interpretation of seismic data in the Syrian Offshore indicates that the Messinian Salt diapirs have evolved and rose up passively by downbuilding during and after deposition of Plio-Pleistocene Formation and persisted to rise until the present time. The deposition and the compressional tectonic forces had a significant role in triggering Messinian Salt and creating the sub-annular shape structures. The accelerated deposition of the lower Plio-Pleistocene Formation created utmost subsidence of the Latakia Basin and passive diapirism of the Messinian Salt. Additional proofs in the Plio-Pleistocene sediments, such as thickness variations constrain the passive diapirism of the Syrian Offshore. This article offers models for the subsurface evolution of Messinian Salt diapirs in the study area based on analysis and interpretation of 2D-seismic data sets. The relevance between the evolution of Messinian Salt and deposition processes is also explained and an ideal evolutionary model offered as to their passive origins.
The role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide in evaluating Left Ventricle function among patient with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis: the impact of body mass index
Authors: Mahdi Salih Abdul-Hassan , Mashkoor Waleed Saad , Abdul-Aziz A.A , Roomi Ali B.
Published: July 2019

Both chronic renal failure (CRF) and heart failure (HF) can predispose to pressure load or volume overload with subsequent elevation of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. This study tends to evaluate the role of BNP as a predictor of left ventricular function among patient with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: This is a perspective cross-sectional study, including 89 (45 males and 44 females) patients on maintenance hemodialysis followed up for six months. BNP level, glomerular filtration and body mass index of the patients were measured and left ventricular function (EF%) was detected by echocardiography at the start of the study and after three and six months between October 2016 and April 2017.Results:Of 89 patients, 13 were underweight, 56 had a healthy weight, and 20 were overweight. There was a significant negative association between BNP level and both EF% and BMI (P<0.001, P<0.001) respectively. During the follow up of these patients there was a clear trend for BNP to be higher among patients with impaired left the ventricular function. There was also a strong inverse association between BNP level and GFR (P <0.001).Conclusion: BNP levels show a strong inverse association with EF%, BMI and GFR in patients with CRF. Currently, BNP widely used by most health institutions to predict left ventricular function. However, both BMI and GFR considered a significant confounder of BNP measurement in patients with compromised renal status.
Determination of the Fertility of Southern Iraqi Soil Using Laser - Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy System
Authors: Hameed Mohammed A. , Al-Ali Ahmed S. A. , Ali Omar A. , Mohammed Ndher I.
Published: July 2019

In this work, seven soil samples were brought brought to study and analyses the element concentrations from different southern regions of Iraq using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. It has been documented as an atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) technique. Laser-induced plasma utilized to analyze elements in materials (gases, liquids, and solids). In order to analyze elements in materials (gases, liquids, and solid). The Nd: YAG laser excitation source at 1064 nm with pulse width 9 ns is used to generate power density of 5.5 x 1012 MW/mm2, with optical spectrum in the range 320-740 nm. From this investigation, the soil sample analysis of the southern cities of Iraqi, it is concluded that the rich soil element of P, Si, Ca elements make the Faw and Nesseriah fit for cultivation.
Cu (In, Ga) Se2 an absorber layer of photovoltaic devices
Authors: Hameed Mohammed A. , AL-Shadeedi Akrm N. , Abdulhameed Abeer N. , Abdulsada Ali Omar
Published: July 2019

CIGS nanoink has synthesized from molecular precursors of CuCl, InCl3, GaCl3 and Se metal heat up 240 °C for a half hour in N2-atmosphere to form CIGS nanoink, and then deposited onto substrates of soda-lime glass (SLG). This work focused on CIGS nanocrystals, indicates their synthesis and applications in photovoltaic devices (PVs) as an active light absorber layers. in this work, using spin-coating to deposit CIGS layers (75 mg/ml and 500 nm thickness), without selenization at high temperatures, were obtained up to 1.398 % power conversion efficiency (PCE) at AM 1.5 solar illumination. Structural formations of CIGS chalcopyrite structure were studied by using x ray diffraction XRD. The morphology and composition of CIGS were studied using scanning electron microscopy SEM.
Numerical Investigation of Flow Field Behaviour and Pressure Fluctuations within an Axial Flow Pump under Transient Flow Pattern Based on CFD Analysis Method
Authors: Ramadhan Al-Obaidi Ahmed
Published: July 2019

In this present work, CFD numerical method is applied to analyses the flow field in an axial flow pump qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative analysis for these parameters comprise static pressure variations, dynamic pressure variations, velocity magnitude, turbulent kinetic energy, shear stress. Quantitative analysis including the pressure fluctuations in frequency domain analysis under different operation conditions. Also, sliding mesh method and turbulence model type k-epsilon are used. Various monitoring points are stalled in order to analyses pressure fluctuation mechanism in the impeller blade. The numerical results revealed that the flow field for pressure and velocity are increase start from the suction side of the pump to discharge side. Also, the results found that the high pressure occurs at the discharge side along the axial direction of the impeller. The maximum value of pressure fluctuations is occurred at tip blade region due to high interaction flow at this particular area. Moreover, the pressure decreases as flow rate in the pump increases. Additionally, the results shown that the pressure fluctuations have four peaks and four valleys the similar impeller blades number. Furthermore, there are different positive and negative pressure regions, the negative pressure area occurs due to lower pressure zone at inlet impeller area and hence which can lead to cause occurrence of cavitation in this specific area. The current numerical demonstration results can help the researches for further axial flow pump design.
Wiener and non-Wiener dynamics of open systems
Authors: Basharov A M
Published: July 2019

The paper discusses mathematical and physical differences in describing open systems by means of the algebraic perturbation theory of different order.
Determination of the porosity of silica particles in opal-like photonic crystals by spectral photometry
Authors: Gabdullina A R , Akhmadeev A A
Published: July 2019

In this work, we investigated and calculated the porosity of silicon dioxide microparticles in opal-like photonic crystals using spectral photometry. Photonic crystals were obtained by vertical deposition of a solution containing particles of silicon dioxide, which were obtained by the method of Stober-Fink-Bohn. The refractive index was calculated using the Bragg-Wulff law.
Photoinduced carrier dynamics in colloidal CdSe/CdS nanoparticles
Authors: Nikiforov V G , Leontyev A V , Shmelev A G , Zharkov D K , Lobkov V S , Samartsev V V
Published: July 2019

We have studied picosecond dynamics of photo-induced charge carriers in CdSe/CdS nanoparticles with sizes of 2.0 and 2.9 nm in toluene colloidal solutions using femtosecond up-conversion spectroscopy. The kinetics of nanoparticles luminescence excited by laser pulses of 50 fs duration at 350 nm were observed. The simulation of experimental data showed that electron thermalization occurs within 0.5 ps, while recombination processes have characteristic times of 5 and 20 ns, although these cannot be unequivocally identified using the simplest recombination model with direct transitions and single type of traps. However, a comparative analysis indicates a fundamental difference in the mechanisms responsible for the dynamics of charge carriers in the time interval up to 5 ps after laser excitation, which we associate with different structures of traps in 2.0 and 2.9 nm particles.
Small subalgebras of polynomial rings and Stillman’s Conjecture
Authors: Ananyan Tigran , Hochster Melvin
Published: July 2019

Let

n
,
d
,
η

n, d, \eta

be positive integers. We show that in a polynomial ring

R
R

in

N
N

variables over an algebraically closed field

K
K

of arbitrary characteristic, any

K
K

-subalgebra of

R
R

generated over

K
K

by at most

n
n

forms of degree at most

d
d

is contained in a

K
K

-subalgebra of

R
R

generated by

B
≤

η

B

(
n
,
d
)

B \leq {}^\eta \mathcal {B}(n,d)

forms

G

1

,

…
,

G

B

{G}_1,\,\ldots ,\,{G}_{B}

of degree

≤
d

\leq d

, where

η

B

(
n
,
d
)

{}^\eta \mathcal {B}(n,d)

does not depend on

N
N

or

K
K

, such that these forms are a regular sequence and such that for any ideal

J
J

generated by forms that are in the

K
K

-span of

G

1

,

…
,

G

B

{G}_1,\,\ldots ,\,{G}_{B}

, the ring

R

/

J

R/J

satisfies the Serre condition

R

η

\mathrm {R}_\eta

. These results imply a conjecture of M. Stillman asserting that the projective dimension of an

n
n

-generator ideal

I
I

of

R
R

whose generators are forms of degree

≤
d

\leq d

is bounded independent of

N
N

. We also show that there is a primary decomposition of

I
I

such that all numerical invariants of the decomposition (e.g., the number of primary components and the degrees and numbers of generators of all of the prime and primary ideals occurring) are bounded independent of

N
N

.