bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Protection: Underwater Noise and Noise in Port
Authors: Fassola Elisa
Published: August 2022

Typically, pollution is considered as the diffusion of toxic or harmful materials on our earth. But pollution can also refer to the propagation of dangerous or harmful sounds in the environment, both in the water and the air. Currently no mandatory regulations are present to regulate noise emitted by ships, only Classification Societies in the recent years developed voluntary class regulations to introduce a measurement protocol and noise limits. The aim of this paper is to present the measurement protocols developed by RINA Services for underwater noise and noise emitted in port and understand current limitations.
Numerical Approaches for Submarine Hydrodynamic Design and Performance Analysis
Authors: Gaggero Stefano , Piaggio Benedetto , Vernengo Giuliano , Villa Diego , Viviani Michele , Gualeni Paola
Published: August 2022

Submarines bring many interesting hydrodynamic challenges that need to be properly addressed to provide precise and reliable information about their performance. Hydrodynamic performance must be evaluated at least in two main operating conditions, namely when it is deeply submerged and at snorkel depth. There are relevant differences in terms of hydrodynamic since the forward speed in the latter condition is typically much lower and of interaction with the free surface. Moreover, submarines used to sail at snorkel depth if they need to accomplish specific tasks, such as communication, that involves the use of surface piercing masts. The proposed study analyses the opportunity provided by different Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) approaches to correctly address submarine performance. The resistance in both conditions, masts free surface hydrodynamics and maneuvering behaviors are addressed. Ad-hoc approaches based on in-house developed numerical procedures and open-source software are presented. Different CFD techniques have been used, including Reynolds Averaged Navire Stokes (RANS), Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), according to the particular physics that need to be studied.
Weather Routing Model for Ship Motions Reduction and Fuel Saving
Authors: Pennino Silvia , Scamardella Antonio
Published: August 2022

When a vessel sails in a seaway, wind and current can influence the ship’s speed, the comfort on board and the fuel consumption. Maritime trades are strictly dependent on the environmental conditions that the ships encounter during their sailing, safe navigation and energy efficiency are the key factors to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of ship operations. Optimization algorithms provide a significant support to the decision-making process and allow selecting the best route in sight of one or more objectives. The weather routing problem has been addressed by many authors and different approaches have been proposed. The new route optimization procedure will be developed on the shortest path algorithm in order to maximize the ship seakeeping performances and to minimize the added resistance caused by sea conditions. The optimization will be performed in accordance with two objective functions, the best routing solution is thus selected by the Dijkstra algorithm modified to take into account dynamically changing of ship’s position and weather conditions. The minimization of a Seakeeping Performance Index, containing all the operability limiting criteria for induced vertical motions in rough sea, and of an Added Resistance Index, are the objectives to be achieved. The first for safe and comfortable navigation, the second for fuel saving, reducing the added resistance the engine power required to overcome the resistance and, as a result, the fuel consumptions decrease. The data of wind and swell waves are derived, for each route segment, from global-WAM (GWAM) model. Results and discussion of the proposed method will be presented for a containership ship in a test case voyage through the Pacific Ocean, for ocean-going ships the voyage and sailing time are long and the weather conditions in the sea area around the route vary widely. The code can be integrated in an On-Board Decision Support System.
The Evolution of Large Pleasure Vessel Towards a Green Future
Authors: Vergassola Gianmarco , Boote Dario , Tocchi Federico
Published: August 2022

The future of transportation means is quickly moving towards green solutions in order to reduce the emission of COx and SOx firstly and, secondly, to progressively abandon the fossil fuels. In this perspective, alternative propulsion such as fully electric engine, biofuels, hydrogen, LNG are now largely used in the automotive field and for mass transportation means. The naval field is now moving on the same trend by using hybrid and fully electric engine especially for pleasure vessels, where the relatively small engine power allows the installation of battery stacks onboard without adding unreasonable weight for only few navigation miles. In this paper, the transformation of a traditional pleasure vessel towards a new hybrid version is proposed; after a more comprehensive view of the modifications that are necessary to install hybrid engine and battery onboard, highlighting all the critical aspects of these new design, a FE numerical analysis of the basement of electric variable speed generators is presented.
An Innovative Cruise-Ship Onshore Power Supply Facility in the Port of Marseille
Authors: Boveri Alessandro , Porcellacchia Franco
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a summary of a preliminary technical economic study that has been promoted by the Gran Port Maritime de Marseille (GPMM) and Costa Crociere, which was focused on the possible integration of distributed renewable energy sources at port (i.e. mainly photovoltaic power generation). These were mainly aimed at powering two cruise ships connected at the port electric grid at the same time, by means of an innovative Onshore Power Supply (OPS) system. Going towards a net zero emission port, also the possible use of bio-methane (bioCH4), produced by means city waste in a site close to the port of Marseille, has been considered in the technical assessment as possible solution for powering a high temperature reversible fuel cell (revHTFC) capable of producing hydrogen or electricity, whether it is used as an electrolizer or as fuel cell, respectively.
Airborne Sound Propagation Induced by a Cruise Ship Through Simulation and Correlation with Real Measurements
Authors: Bassetti Mirko , Morelli Maurizio , Binotti Attilio , Lembo Enrico , Iuliano Andrea
Published: August 2022

The publication of the Lloyd’s Register notation [1], in addition to port and civil regulations, may in the future result in shipowners requesting certification of the airborne noise levels emitted by their vessels, necessary to access areas of natural interest or certain ports [2]. This study models the sound propagation induced by a cruise ship using a software tools, starting with a database of measurements and calculations on the sound power generated by the main sources in accordance with ISO 9614-1 [3] and 9614-2 [4]. The results compared with real measurements in the far field showed the need to calibrate the model through a campaign of measurements of on-board sources in terms of sound power and pressure. The experimental measurements of sound pressure and power were used as input for the numerical models that were developed using a commercial software package, estimating in advance the noise levels measured at different distances from the vessel. In a subsequent phase of the study, the estimated data were compared with those calculated through a second experimental measurement campaign performed under the operating conditions indicated by the Lloyd’s Register Class Notation and at progressive distances from the vessel. The simulations allow to estimate the contribution of the individual sources for any desired point and the interventions ad hoc to improve comfort levels in specific positions on board that can be obtained by optimising interventions on the sources to a minimum. The development of this approach has resulted in a predictive tool with a degree of accuracy in the range required by ISO 9613 [5] and therefore capable of assessing the airborne noise emitted, comparing it with the limits imposed by the LR’s regulations or, in general, by port and civil regulations. This approach is also a useful tool for estimating the noise level in external passenger areas and therefore for a project aimed at improving on-board comfort.
A Smart Mockup for an Innovative Interior Yacht Design Approach
Authors: Zignego Mario Ivan , Gemelli Paolo Andrea , Bertirotti Alessandro
Published: August 2022

The design of the environment of a yacht or a ship must consider, among the many variables, the guest’s experience and focus on its optimization; this means observing the modalities of interaction with the space and the objects that occupy it, acquiring the necessary information and, when possible, building a model capable of predicting, within a reasonable limit, the modalities of the interaction of different users.An intelligent mock-up is a structure designed to monitor the user experience through a network of sensors integrated into the environment that reproduces the space to be designed. It also introduces the furniture elements and whatever else characterizes it in reality.A dense network of optical, acoustic and piezoelectric sensors can return valuable information concerning both the visitor’s interactions with the surrounding space and the perception of the environment itself by the occupants.One of the central elements is represented by a network of high-resolution video cameras, which acquires, among other variables, the pupil diameter (mydriasis is, in fact, and some precise circumstances, a critical neuro-cognitive indicator) of the visitor by including it in a data set that, as a whole, contributes to the definition of a model of interaction between visitor and environment, built on a neuro-scientific basis.Once validated, the model data can represent an essential aid for designing any interior space on ships and yachts without excluding different environments, smaller or located in extreme contexts.
Surface Unmanned Multipurpose Research Marine Vehicle: SUNMARE Project
Authors: Laurenza Maicol , Pepe Gianluca , Mezzani Federica , Malito Alec , De Lauro Massimo , Mauro Salvatore , Culla Antonio , Carcaterra Antonio
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the preliminary activities undertaken for the research project SUNMARE (Surface UNmanned multipurpose research MARine vEhicle), which aims at the development of an innovative autonomous platform for marine, oceanographic, lacustrine, and submerged/semi-submerged cultural heritage monitoring/measurements. SUNMARE is a modular ship comprising of a mother unmanned ship and a smaller autonomous vehicle. Through an innovative fully autonomous launch and recovery system (LARS), the Unmanned surface vehicle (USV) can detach and reconnect to the mother ship. The architecture of the LARS and the on-purposely designed control algorithms are here presented together with statistical recovery success analysis concerning the autonomous dynamic connection of the vehicles, so to assess the reliability of the system.
Fast Estimation of the Time-to-Flood on Simple Geometries
Authors: Braidotti Luca , Prpić-Oršić Jasna , Utzeri Samuele , Bucci Vittorio , Marinò Alberto
Published: August 2022

Time-to-flood is a key parameter during a flooding emergency. Especially in complex geometries, it is important to know the time needed to fill the first flooded room, i.e., the damaged one. Here, a fast solution for the assessment of the time-to-flood of one or two parallelepiped rooms is proposed. The progressive flooding of the rooms is first simulated employing a linearised simulation technique that defines a database of damage cases covering a wide range of geometries. Explicit equations are then defined based on the main non-dimensional parameters governing the phenomenon. The work highlights the relationship between the geometry of a room, the damage opening, the connection opening, and the time to fill the first damaged room. The application of the equations is very fast and provides an instantaneous estimation of the time-to-flood. This makes them particularly suitable for direct application on board or when creating large datasets of flooding simulations.
Life Cycle Assessment in the Naval Sector: Between Certification and New Materials
Authors: Busetto Barbara , Bordignon Alessandro , Bortoluzzi Anna , Milanesi Stefano , Paduano Andrea , Mio Andrea
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the maritime sector has become increasingly interested in environmental sustainability issues, leading to the development of innovative technologies and materials. Seldom these solutions were analyzed with a life cycle approach and, when this has been done, the studies have been carried out without a reproducible methodology. The lack of a standardized methodology based on Life Cycle Assessment prevents a fair comparison between studies carried out on different vessels or technological solutions. As a result, determining whether the new solution or the new material employed is more sustainable than the prior one is difficult. The aim of the project was to develop a Product Category Rules (PCR), i.e. the standard that defines the rules for the publication of environmental labels based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies, based on ISO 14044 and ISO 14025, that could be used on a wide variety of vessel categories. This work presents the approach adopted for the development of the PCR, in order to produce comparable outcomes among different investigations. This article also includes an LCA analysis of a boat that represents one of the standard’s fields of application’s extremes, in order to confirm and verify our approach’s applicability. Indeed, we conducted a through investigation of a racing sailing boat built in composite material, whose components are all made by recyclable and recycled materials, i.e., a thermoplastic matrix filled with linen natural fibers.
Numerical and Physical Modeling of Ship Impacts on Fenders
Authors: Gomes A. , Pinheiro L. , Simão J. , Costa C. , Fortes C.E.J. , Santos J.A.
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to evaluate the impact of ships on fenders during the berthing process. Physical tests and numerical simulations with MOORNAV tool were performed with versions of the GulfStream ship in still water and under a set of different conditions. A comparative analysis was made between outputs of the two models considering specific conditions. The MOORNAV application resulted in a standard deviation from the physical model of 3% to 6% in relation to the maximum force exerted on each fender.
Safety System for Ships in Harbours
Authors: Pinheiro Liliana , Gomes Andreia , Fortes Conceição , Santos João A.
Published: August 2022

SAFEPORT safety system aims at forecasting and alerting, on a regular basis, emergency situations regarding ships operation in port areas caused by extreme weather-oceanographic conditions. It uses forecasts provided offshore of the area under study of sea agitation, wind and tide. The characterization of the response of the free and moored ships at a berth is performed using the numerical package SWAMS. The system issue alerts, through danger levels associated with risk levels of exceedance of recommended values for movements and forces imposed on ship mooring systems. SAFEPORT can be adapted to any port. So far, it has been developed and adapted to three terminals of the port of Sines, where three different ships were simulated. This paper presents the developments made to date of the safety system, which includes tests performed in storm situations. The numerical models run every day, in real-time mode, in a computer cluster and the system provide forecast results for the next 72 hours. The results are disseminated on a web page and a mobile application in a variety of formats. It was concluded that the SAFEPORT safety system issued alerts according to the observed reality during the storm Dora. It has also been shown to be a computer tool for the optimization of ship mooring systems. The system is currently in testing and validation phase therefore, forecasts should be interpreted as indicative.
New Generation Mine CounterMeasures Vessels (NG-MCMV)
Authors: Guadalupi Domenico , Maiorana Francesco , Guzzo Massimo
Published: August 2022

The sea mines are in the rank of the most infamous weapons of the war history and they are back again stronger than ever. The 20th century witnessed the technical evolution of mines as well as the evolution of systems and platforms to counter it. Mine CounterMeasures (MCM) run after the evolution of a threat in overwhelming technological competition. Since the very end of the 20th century, the most advanced Navies together with Industries undertook studies aimed to “reduce the risk for crews” involved in MCM operations: with this focus some Navies aimed to keep the man out of the minefield using Maritime Unmanned Systems (MUS). Today, after twenty years of evolution of MUS, the dilemma is: “Is it possible to keep the man out of the minefield?”. Even though some stakeholders affirm that MCM can be conducted in a fully autonomous way, the truth is that the technologies are far enough to deliver a capability barely comparable to the conventional MCM Platforms in terms of effectiveness and reliability. Taking into account these considerations, ITN and INTERMARINE are conducting a feasibility study on a new platform able “to provide the optimal pairing of manned and unmanned systems for MCM operations”. This challenge takes the name of “New Generation MCM Vessel (NGMV)”: the main feature of the project is to keep the shock resistance and underwater low signatures of legacy minehunters, while enhancing a massive use of MUS as extraordinary force multipliers and technological gap fillers thanks to a modular approach of platforms.
SDO-SuRS Deployable Assets Program
Authors: Perrone Christian
Published: August 2022

ITA Navy has started a new program for the acquisition of a Naval Vessel called SDO-SuRS (Special and Diving Operation – Submarine Rescue Ship). In order to fulfill operational requirements, IT Navy has recently procured the so-called “SDO-SuRS Deployable Assets”. A temporary business grouping (RTI) between SAIPEM Spa (leader in robotics and offshore) and DRASS Srl (national excellence in the hyperbaric sector and rescue) is the enterprise selected for the scope. This grouping represents a national excellence and a technological reference point for IT Navy in the Submarine Escape and Rescue. The new SDO-SuRS Deployable assets will have specific peculiarities such as: modularity, deployability, interoperability and complementarity. Modular assets will be either installable on board the national mother ship SDO-SuRS or rapidly deployable in scalable configurations (from rapid intervention to deep rescue) on a vessel of opportunity, military or commercial, for far-from-home operations. In order to establish a framework on damaged submarines rescue’s topic between Countries within ISMERLO (International Submarine Escape and Rescue Liaison Office) and NATO organizations, Italy offers the opportunity of providing any type of technical-administrative support in design, procurement, Life Management System or training of SAIPEM – DRASS systems, useful to a potential cooperation in the Submarine Escape and Rescue. On the whole the above mentioned Submarine Rescue packages consist of a several assets as follow: ∙ Submarine Rescue Vehicle (SRV) tethered type composed by a Rescue Chamber and a WROV (Working Class Remote Operated Vehicle) which will be managed both aboard the SDO-SuRS ship (Mother Ship) and aboard the Vessel of Opportunity. The system has to be designed/realized to perform the search and rescue of DISSUB as well as the transfer of crew inside the Diving Decompression Chamber. ∙ Portable Launch and Recovery System (PLARS) to permit the Launch/Recovery of SRV/SRC and WROV; ∙ Diving Decompression Chambers (DDC) with TUP (Transit Under Pressure) to face a specific sanitary treatment which could involve the submarine’s crew; ∙ Ventilation System (VS) by means of which will be possible the change of dirty air inside of the distressed submarine as well as the air insufflation to main ballast tanks; ∙ Submarine Rescue Chamber (SRC); ∙ Working Class Remote Operated Vehicle (WROV) able to perform underwater work and completely redundant with the WROV associated to SRV.
On the Application of a Vortex Lattice Method to Lifting Bodies Close to a Free Surface
Authors: Solari Raffaele , Bagnerini Patrizia , Vernengo Giuliano
Published: August 2022

The interaction of the free surface with either lifting and non lifting, submerged, bodies moving beneath it is of primary interest in naval architecture. Indeed, there are many examples of possible applications such as rudders, stabilizer fins, hydrofoils among the others. The hydrodynamic problem of a submerged lifting body moving close to a free surface presents several complexities that need to be properly addressed in order to achieve a reliable solution. The problem is studied in the framework of a potential flow theory and solved by using an ad-hoc developed Vortex Lattice Method (VLM). The developed method is described and validated by comparison against available data on a flat plate. The analysis then focuses on the convergence properties of the method, especially with respect to the panel dimensions used for the free surface discretization, and on a sensitivity with respect to some peculiar operating parameters such as the depth of the body with respect to the free surface and the angle of attack with respect to the incoming flow.
Energy-Saving Devices: A Retrofit Stern Flap Solution on the “De La Penne” Destroyer Class (Numerical Analysis and Experimental Tests)
Authors: De Biase Mario , Basile Vincenzo , Mancini Simone
Published: August 2022

It is well known that during the lifecycle the growth of the ship’s weight is one of the main sources of the performance-loss. Stern flaps have been used in many recent designs of transom stern vessels, in particular by the US Navy, to increase top speed or to realize improvements in fuel economy over the operating range. Furthermore, stern flap implementation has also become a practical retrofit on the existing platform because significant improvements can be achieved at a minimal cost. According to the US Navy experience, to analyze this aspect, the Ship Design Office of the Italian Navy General Staff performed a preliminary evaluation of the application of this device on own Destroyer hull (De La Penne class), using the CFD U-RANS approach and through experimental test campaign performed at Model Basin of CNR-INM (Council of National Research – Institute of Marine Engineering). This preliminary study was conducted in the model and full scale: several flap angles have been tested with a fixed NACA profile. The results have shown that the major improvements, in terms of power reduction, have been obtained for the interest speed range (Fr=0.335–0.419).
Italian Navy Green Fleet – Energy Saving Measures: A Solution to Increase Overall Efficiency of a Military Ship of “Bergamini” FREMM Class
Authors: Bignone Antonio , Benetello Gianluca
Published: August 2022

The Italian Navy has always had, among its missions, the safeguard of the marine environment, and is strongly oriented to give its contribution to the targets fixed form the European Parliament with the European Green Deal. In 2012, the Italian Navy launched the Green Fleet initiative, with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving national energy security. To achieve these goals, the Italian Navy follows three main strategies: - adoption of a renewable synthetic fuel; - development and use of innovative eco-design technologies, which allow the reduction of the environmental impact of ships (LED lighting, SCR, foul release coatings); - adoption of energy saving operating procedures (electric propulsion, energy dashboard). The paper presents a case study focused on increasing the overall efficiency of a ship by recycling the thermal energy normally released to the environment by diesel engines. In fact, the overall efficiency of a diesel engine is about 40%, which means that 40% of the energy coming from the fuel is normally converted into usable power and the remainder is waste, which is delivered as heat to the environment. The case study identifies an effective solution to use a significant portion of that energy, while reducing the ship’s energy consumption, thereby increasing overall efficiency and reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions during operations. At the same time, the identified technical solution makes possible to reduce electrical load peaks, making the electrical load diagram more homogeneous, with the further result of optimizing the working conditions of the diesel engines.
Optimal Conceptual Design Using NSGA-II Algorithm for Galápagos Interisland Service Small Craft Including Flaps
Authors: Marín-López José R. , Meléndez Janeth L. , Paredes Rubén J. , Castro-Feliciano Esteban L.
Published: August 2022

In early 2020, sea trials carried out in some interisland high-speed boats in Galápagos confirmed the need to improve the comfort of the passengers during those trips. Results from those tests showed very high levels of vertical acceleration which, according to ISO 2631 standard, provoke high negative effects on the passengers, as was directly observed. This project aims to design at conceptual level a fiberglass reinforced plastic high-speed boat including flaps, with minimum vertical acceleration while also considering the boat resistance. The design variables considered were length, beam, longitudinal position of the center of gravity, hull deadrise angle, flap deflection angle and its chord. In addition, the constraints considered were dynamic trim angle for porpoising, length-beam ratio, metacentric height, freeboard, and required area for passengers. A multi-objective optimization method available in pymoo, an open-source Python-based framework, was employed along with an open-source planing craft hydrodynamic evaluation framework, OpenPlaning The resistance was evaluated with a combination of semiempirical formulations with a prismatic hull assumption that included the effect of waves, whisker spray and flaps; while the vertical acceleration was estimated with formulations from lab tests based on significant wave height. To estimate the Pareto front, the NSGA-II (Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm) optimization algorithm is chosen considering the complex relations and number of design variables. First, the benefits of including flaps to reduce the boat planing angle, and as result a reduction in the motion acceleration were confirmed. Also, results show that sea performance of the boat is highly affected by CG position, deadrise angle and angle of flap. The combination of these parameters that helps to reduce the acceleration objective function are identified. Finally, the estimated Pareto front identifies a set of solutions, which shows that the acceleration could be reduced by up to 45% and the resistance to advance of the boat by 7% with the increase of some design variables.
Managing Assessments for Supporting Progressed Learners in Vhembe District, Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Muedi Fhulufhelo Patrick , Kutame Azwidohwi Philip , Ngidi Thelma Z , Uleanya Chinaza
Published: August 2022

Assessment has been a significant component of teaching and learning process. However, it is very important to know that how assessment is being managed, as it is capable of contributing to both, the success or the failure of learners. Meanwhile, management of assessment becomes more crucial in the case of the “qualified to be progressed” (QP) learners. Hence, the current study investigates that how assessment of QP learners are managed by using 10 purposively selected secondary schools in the Vhumbedzi Circuit, Limpopo, South Africa. Respondents are the teachers and participants from School Management Team (SMT) who were randomly and conveniently selected, respectively. Mixed-methods was employed for this particular study and data was collected through the use of two important tools, 1) questionnaire filled by 165 selected teachers, and 2) interviews conducted with 10 SMTs. The analyzed data were coded into themes. The findings of the study showed that the assessment of QP learners was managed at all grades through the utilization of examination timetables.  Besides, the question papers of previous examinations were also taken in as a part of the preparation for forth coming examinations. While, the current research found that homework timetables and moderation of peer assessment tasks were not properly assessed and practiced. Hence, the current study recommends that the need for the exploration of the use of moderation of peer assessment tasks, and homework timetables.

Keywords: assessment management, Limpopo, qualified progressed (QP) learners, South Africa
Parents’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Stress Management in School Children of District Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Rani Afshan , Rashid Sehar , Anwar Mudassir
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to measure the knowledge of parents and identified their practices regarding stress management in their school going children. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in District Rawalpindi, Pakistan using an online questionnaire. The population size consisted of all the parents of school going children in District Rawalpindi. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS software by applying t-test and one-way ANOVA. The difference between parents’ knowledge about stress and their stress management strategies was evaluated on the basis of demographic variables. The current study calculated a higher percentage (57.3%) of parents’ scores on the overall knowledge scale, although more than half of the parents ­ exhibited poor knowledge on two subscales, that is, stress (52.4%) and stress management strategies (61.2%). The scores of older parents were significantly higher than the younger ones. Good nutrition, proper meals, and proper rest were identified as the most commonly practiced stress management strategies. It was determined that opposite genders and different age groups were practicing similar strategies, with no statistically significant difference in scores on the practices of stress management scale. Lack of proper knowledge and wrong practices indulged in by a large number of parents highlight the need for awareness campaigns to improve parents’ knowledge regarding stress and management practices in their children.

Keywords: parents’ knowledge, Pakistan, school children, stress management
Responsiveness of Prestizh grapes to the rootstock variety and reduction of its length
Authors: Avdeenko Irina , Grigor'ev Aleksandr
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Relevance. Industrial grape culture necessitates the formation of highly productive plantings. The grafted grape culture in comparison with the native one solves a number of problems of industrial viticulture. However, the increased costs for the production of grafted seedlings in comparison with root-related ones necessitate a reduction in the cost of their production, which can be achieved by reducing the length of the underground stem, and obtaining the largest amount of harvest can be achieved by the correct selection of the rootstock variety. Goal. Selection, for grafted Prestizh grape seedlings, of the optimal length and rootstock variety, with an assessment of the impact on biometric indicators. Research methods. The methods of setting up the experience and analyzing the data obtained were used in the work, which are generally accepted in the practice of nursery breeding. Results. The ripening of seedlings on the Kober 5 BB rootstock variety varied from 12 to 41 % in relation to length, which is significantly less than on the 101-14 rootstock variety, from 24 to 52 %. Analyzing the influence of the rootstock variety on biometric indicators and the quality of shoots, the best responsiveness of the Prestizh graft variety to the rootstock variety 101-14 was noted. The rootstock variety had the greatest influence on the quality of seedlings. With the Kober 5 BB rootstock variety, the final yield of seedlings was low and varied from 8.1 to 37.2%. An increase in the yield of seedlings was observed with the rootstock of the Riparia × Rupestris 101-1 variety, which was 30-48%, which is more than when using the Kober 5 BB rootstock (by 1.3–3.7 times). Practical significance. According to the research results, there was a tendency to increase the final yield of seedlings with a decrease in the length of the rootstock from 45 cm (standard rootstock length) to 30 cm for both varieties. Scientific novelty. The responsiveness of the Prestizh graft variety in the production of grafted grape seedlings to reduce the length of the rootstock, depending on its variety, was revealed.
Pengaruh Penambahan Daun Kelor Terhadap Ukuran Testis Ayam Kampung
Authors: Jamili Muhammad Arsan , Hidayat Muhammad Nur , Ningsih Sri Wahyu , Ananda Suci , Mutmainna Andi
Published: August 2022

Kemampuan reproduksi ternak jantan sangat dipengaruhi oleh organ testis, dimana organ testis merupakan salah satu organ yang bertanggung jawab dalam memproduksi sel spermatozoa. Kelor merupakan salah satu tanaman yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk memperbaiki organ reproduksi. Daun kelor memiliki kandungan protein dan asam amino yang tinggi serta vitamin dan mineral. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) terhadap ukuran dan volume testis ayam kampung. Jenis ayam yang digunakan yaitu ayam Celebes. Adapun desain penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (tanpa Penambahan daun kelor), P1, P2 dan P3 masing-masing 2%, 4% dan 6%. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian daun kelor di dalam pakan mempengaruhi pertambahan bobot testis dan volume semen. (P<0,01). Perlakuan yang terbaik untuk menambah ukuran bobot testis dan volume semen yaitu 6% (P3).
Potensi dan Karakteristik Larutan Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) Berbasis Limbah Sayur sebagai Bioaktivator dalam Fermentasi
Authors: Yunilas Yunilas , Siregar Ameilia Zuliyanti , Mirwhandhono Edhy , Purba Adnan , Fati Nelzi , Malvin Toni
Published: August 2022

Larutan Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) adalah larutan hasil proses fermentasi berbagai bahan organik yang berasal dari lingkungan. Larutan MOL mengandung beragam Mikroorganisme Lokal yang potensial untuk digunakan sebagai bioaktivator dalam fermentasi.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi dan karakteristik larutan MOL yang berasal dari limbah sayur (sawi hijau, kol, dan daun kembang kol). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 12 unit percobaan. Perlakuan meliputi berbagai lama fermentasi (inkubasi) MOL berbasis limbah sayur yaitu: T1 = fermentasi 7 hari, T2 = fermentasi 14 hari, T3 = fermentasi 21 hari, dan T4 = fermentasi 28 hari. Variabel yang diamati adalah karakteristik fisik (warna dan aroma), biologis (total mikroba), dan kimiawi (pH, asam laktat, asam asetat, glukosa, dan suhu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lama fermentasi dapat menyebabkan perubahan warna dan aroma larutan MOL. Lama fermentasi berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pH, berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap total mikroba, suhu, glukosa, dan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap total asam laktat dan asam asetat larutan MOL. Kesimpulannya adalah larutan MOL berbasis limbah sayur berpotensi sebagai bioaktivator dalam fermentasi. Karakteristik larutan MOL berbasis limbah sayur dipengaruhi oleh lama fermentasi. MOL terbaik dihasilkan pada hari ke-14 fermentasi dengan populasi mikroba sebesar 2,24 X 10^6.
Pengaruh Penambahan Suplemen Organik Cair (SOC) Terhadap Kandungan Nutrisi Pelepah Sawit Fermentasi
Authors: Resthu Muhammad , Risma Yayuk Kurnia , Pratama Said Mirza , Saputra Wanda
Published: August 2022

Kualitas dan kuantitas hijauan yang fluktuatif menjadi hambatan dalam pemenuhan pakan ternak ruminansia. Pelepah sawit sangat potensial dijadikan sebagai pakan ternak. Namun, pelepah sawit harus diolah melalui fermentasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas nutrisinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh nilai nutrisi fermentasi pelepah sawit yang difermentasi menggunakan Suplemen Organik Cair (SOC) dengan level berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan materi pelepah sawit dan SOC. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P1= Tanpa Penambahan SOC 0%; P2= Penambahan SOC 4%; dan P3= Penambahan SOC 8%. Parameter yang diteliti adalah bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), dan protein kasar (PK). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (Anova) dan bila terjadi pengaruh dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan SOC pada fermentasi pelepah sawit tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0.05) terhadap kadar bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar. Perlakuan tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P2. Rataan kadar bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar pada perlakuan P2 yaitu 43.58%, 158.57%, dan 20.40%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penambahan SOC pada berbagai level tidak meningkatkan kandungan nutrisi pelepah sawit.
Analisis Efektifitas Pemasaran Online terhadap Penjualan Produk-produk Olahan Hasil Ternak di Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Rahmi Elfi , Putra Riza Andesca , Alianta Aditya Alqamal , Rahim Rida
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektifitas pemasaran online dalam peningkatan penjualan produk-produk olahan peternakan oleh UMKM di Kota Payakumbuh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei menggunakan 30 orang responden UMKM yang memproduksi produk olahan peternakan, yaitu rendang, frozen food (nugget, sosis, bakso), susu dan es krim susu kambing, bakso goreng, telur omega, kerupuk kulit dan pupuk organik. Metode penelitian adalah metode survey menggunakan kuisioner, wawancara dan observasi. Variabel yang diukur adalah desain iklan, ide konten, komunikasi verbal, originalitas dan penjualan. Data yang digunakan diukur dengan skala likert, kemudian dianalisis dengan regresi linier berganda menggunakan SPSS 23.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain iklan, ide konten, komunikasi verbal, dan originalitas pada promosi online tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan penjualan, karena semua nilai signifikansinya besar dari 0,05. Angka R2 pada analisis regresi sebesar 0.09 juga menunjukkan bahwa desain, ide konten, komunikasi verbal, dan originalitas hanya 10% mempengaruhi penjualan. Efektifitas pemasaran menggunakan promosi online masih pada tahap membuat konsumen sadar akan merek (brand awareness).
Data science workflow a radaradat-elemzésben
Authors: Madácsi Richárd
Published: August 2022

Az adatelemzés a 21. század egyik leginkább felkapott szakterülete. Ennek egyik oka vélhetően a fejlett, neurális hálózatokon alapuló  gépi tanulási algoritmusok megjelenése, amivel a lehetőségek látszólag korlátlanok. Ebből következően azon cégeknek, amelyek nem  szeretnének a versenyben lemaradni, komoly energiákat kell ebbe a területbe fektetni. Sokszor azonban elsikkadnak a gépi tanuló  algoritmus futtatása előtti teendők, az adatok tisztítása, transzformálása, a felhasználni kívánt modellnek megfelelő magyarázó  változók előállítása, amelyek sok esetben nagyobb hatást gyakorolnak az eredményre, mint a választott gépi tanuló algoritmus vagy  annak paraméterei.  Számos ingyenes eszköz elérhető több különböző programozási nyelvben, amivel ezek a munkafolyamatok hatékonyan végezhetők, de az ATM1-fókuszú radaradat-elemzésben egyedi elemző eszközök fejlesztése is szükséges lehet. A cikk célja, hogy egy ilyen eszközzel szemben támasztott követelmények egy részhalmazát konkrét példákon keresztül bemutassa.
Az autonóm felszíni közlekedés biztonságának növelése UAV-rendszerrel gyűjtött meteorológiai információk figyelembevételével
Authors: Sziroczák Dávid , Gál István , Szilágyi Dávid , Rohács József , Rohács Dániel
Published: August 2022

Ez a tanulmány a UAV-eszközök felhasználásának  lehetőségeit elemzi meteorológiai adatok gyűjtésére, az  adatokból pontosított előrejelzések generálására és ezek  hasznosítására, elsősorban az autonóm közúti  közlekedésben. Ma jelentős hiány mutatkozik a planetáris  határrétegben mért adatokban, ezek ismerete  kulcsfontosságú a pontosabb előrejelzésekhez, hiszen ez az időjárást befolyásoló föld-légkör interakciók zónája. A mai  dróntechnológiával az adatok megfelelő térbeli és időbeli  felbontással gyűjthetők, Magyarországon 15 mérőállomásból álló adatgyűjtő rendszer képes 90% lefedettséget biztosítani. Az időjárás-előrejelző rendszerek  piaca 22 milliárd HUF gazdasági-társadalmi értéket képvisel, a rendszer fejlesztésével ez az érték mint piac hasznosítható. Az autonóm járművek jelenlegi technológiai  szintje mellett a legfontosabb kérdés az útszakaszok  azonosítása, ahol a járművek autonóm funkciói  biztonságosan használhatók az adott időjárási körülmények mellett, és a rendszer használatával ez az  információ a  közúti felhasználókkal megosztható.
A szaknyelvi kifejezések használata az Oroszországi Föderáció polgári repülésében
Authors: Merényi Vivien
Published: August 2022

A rádió-távbeszélő kifejezések és a szakzsargon pontos  ismerete és helyes használata nélkülözhetetlen a légijármű- vezetők és a légiforgalmi irányítók munkájában. Megfelelő  alkalmazás mellett lehetővé válik egy repülőtér számára a  precíz munkavégzés, valamint a fel- és leszálló járművek biztonságos mozgása és közlekedése. Ezen területre az  Oroszországi Föderációban különösen nagy hangsúlyt  fektetnek, speciális szabályozások mellett.
Diszkrét mérési pontos eljárással történő gamma-sugárzás dóziseloszlás-mérés drón segítségével
Authors: Molnár András
Published: August 2022

Számos dóziseloszlási térkép készítésére került sor drónra szerkesztett gammasugárzás-detektorral. A kísérletek  eredményei és tapasztalatai alapján kirajzolódtak a  rendszer hiányosságai és egyben a továbbfejlesztés  lehetőségei. A fejlesztés elsődleges célkitűzése a  kompaktabb, könnyen hordozható és üzembe helyezhető,  de az előzőkhez képest érzékenyebb rendszer volt. A  háttérsugárzáshoz képest (a vizsgálati területen jellemzően  0,01 mSv/h) az eddigi kísérletekben +0,009 mSv/h eltérést  sikerült megbízhatóan detektálni. Jelen fejlesztésben ezt az  értéket sikerült +0,005 – +0,007 mS/h-ra csökkenteni. Az  érzékenység javulását elsődlegesen az egy pontra vetített mérési idő növelésével sikerült elérni. Ezt egy speciális  repülésvezérlő szoftver segítségével valósítottuk meg. Ez az  érzékenységnövekedés vagy nagyobb szkennelési  magasságot (körülbelül +1–2 m), vagy azonos magasságon  azonos repülőeszköz esetén egy felszállásból nagyobb  terület felmérését teszi lehetővé. Természetesen a  szkennelési magasság vagy a szkennelési sebesség jelentősen növekedhet, ha a keresett sugárforrás aktivitása  nagy. A kísérleteink során természetes urán ásványt  (autunit) alkalmaztunk, amelynek aktivitása messze  alulmarad a mesterségesen előállított izotópokkal  szemben. A kísérletsorozatban kitértünk több forrás  detektálására is, ami modellezi egy esetleges baleset  helyszínén szétszóródó aktív források feltérképezésének lehetőségét. Az általunk fejlesztett és bemutatott rendszer  fő előnye a gyakorlatban alkalmazott felmérési eljárásokkal  szemben, hogy jól mobilizálható, nagy terület felmérhető  humán kezelő terepi veszélyeztetése nélkül, valamint  alacsony költséggel valósítható meg a terület felmérése. A  rendszer célja a forrás jelenlétének kimutatása és olyan  mértékű lokalizálása, hogy azt követően kézi vagy más földi  eljárással már egyszerűen lehessen pontosítani a  lokalizálást. Mivel nem törekszünk centiméteres  helymeghatározás-pontosságra, a mérésekhez elegendő a  standard GPS-lokalizáció. A mérések során a földrajzi  koordinátákat GWS’84 rendszerben értelmezzük. A bemutatott ábrákon a szélességi és hosszúsági körök  koordinátáit is ebben a rendszerben tüntettük fel.
The Human Challenges of Modernising the Air Force
Authors: Füleky András
Published: August 2022

The aim of my article is to provide an overview of the capability development of the Air Force’s fleet within the  framework of the Zrínyi National Defence and Armed  Forces Development Program and the effects of the related  tasks that fundamentally affect the operator and  maintenance personnel. The article briefly describes the  peculiarities of the organisational culture of the Air Force,  the age and position of the available personnel, which is the initial knowledge necessary for the planning of the  recruitment. The article covers the complex security policy,  social and technological environment to which the selection  system applied by the Hungarian Armed Forces must be adapted, and which is the key to successful  training and success indicators. Through personal reports,  the article seeks to present a real situation about the  challenges and motivations and path-finding of the  personnel currently serving in military aviation.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Water Injection on a Micro Turbojet Engine
Authors: Beneda Károly , Balajti Péter
Published: August 2022

Due to increasing emissions in the 21st century, aviation  industry faces a rising pressure to reduce its contribution to air pollution. A possible way to mitigate such harmful  effects on the environment is to use water injection as a  thrust augmentation method which was developed in the  1960s. Since the emergence of modern engines, the need  for the performance-enhancing effect of water injection has become abandoned. However, considering its beneficial  impact on both emissions and engine structure, it can still  be used as an alternative nowadays as well. As a result of  the cooling effect of water injection, the service life of  engine components extends which could also lead to a  reduction in maintenance and operating costs. This paper  presents how water injection on TKT-1 experimental jet  engine affects performance and emissions. The  modifications implemented on the test bench enabled us to obtain a measure of the water injection operation with the  nozzle placed in the intake duct. Results reveal that such  method has no visible impact on the increase of thrust due  to the experimental environmental conditions and the  limitations of the system. Nevertheless, water injection  proved to be effective in reducing emissions. In addition to  the beneficial effect of lower gas temperature throughout  the turbine section of the engine, the emissions of NOx  gases also fall significantly (i.e. 30%) compared to dry  operation.
‘Si quiere,’ mi Machete te muerde’: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of “This is not America” by Residente
Authors: Goytia Almeda Iván
Published: August 2022

The social problems of Latin America have been extensively examined in diverse fields and music has become a significant way to inform and interpret these social problems. Residente, a Puerto Rican singer, presents his song “This is Not America” that demonstrates a valuable interpretation of the issues that impact Latin American and its people through the song lyrics and music video. Thus, this paper analyzes the discursive and visual features of the music video for the single ‘This is Not America’ and reports on how Residente interprets the political and social problems in Latin America. Multimodal critical discourse analysis has been implemented for the exploration of the music video and lyrics alike.