bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The protein profiles of postoperative incision infection after plate internal fixation of calcaneal fractures
Authors: Wen Jun , Wen Zhong
Published: June 2023

Background

Nowadays, the internal fixation has been an effective way for calcaneal fractures treatment. However, high risk of infection was found after the internal fixation, and the mechnism remains unclear.

Objective

In this work, we systematically preformed a comparative proteomic analysis between necrotic tissues and normal soft tissues aiming to find the molecular changes of the tissue during the fixation.

Method

The necrotic tissues (NTs) samples (n = 3) and the normal soft tissues control (NC) samples (n = 3) which was 2 -3 cm away from the NT were collected after the surgery. ALC-MS/MS analysis. A label free quantitation stragy was used to compare the proteome alterations followed by detailed bioinformatic analysis.

Results

A total of 902 and 1286 protein groups were quantified in the NT group and the NC group separately, with 233 proteins upregulated and 484 proteins downregulated in the NT group. Those differently expressed proteins were highly correlated with the metabolic pathways, especially those downregulated proteins in the necrotic tissue indicating an inacitive cell states in the nearby of the plate internal fixation. In addition, the detailed functiona analysis showed that the the upregutated proteins in necrotic tissue were highly enriched in the disease-related functions.

Conclusion

This alerted us to clean the wound in time and found a safer strategy for internal fixation. Altogether, the emerging understanding of the proteomic properties in the necrotic tissue will guide the development of new strategies for internal fixation of calcaneal fractures
Testing the speed of gravity with black hole ringdowns
Authors: Sirera Sergi , Noller Johannes
Published: June 2023

We investigate how the speed of gravitational waves, cGW, can be tested by upcoming black hole ringdown observations. We do so in the context of hairy black hole solutions, where the hair is associated with a new scalar degree of freedom, forecasting that LISA and TianQin will be able to constrain deviations of cGW from the speed of light at the O(10−4) level from a single supermassive black hole merger. We discuss how these constraints depend on the nature of the scalar hair, what different aspects of the underlying physics they are sensitive to in comparison with constraints derived from gravitational wave propagation effects, which observable systems will place the most stringent bounds, and that constraints are expected to improve by up to two orders of magnitude with multiple observations. This is especially interesting for dark energy-related theories, where existing bounds from GW170817 need not apply at lower frequencies and where upcoming bounds from lower-frequency missions will therefore be especially powerful. As such, we also forecast analogous bounds for the intermediate-frequency AEDGE and DECIGO missions. Finally, we discuss and forecast analogous black hole ringdown constraints at higher frequencies (so from LVK, the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer) and in what circumstances they can yield new information on top of existing constraints on cGW. All calculations performed in this paper are reproducible via a companion Mathematica notebook [1].

Published by the American Physical Society
2023
MILK: a Python scripting interface to MAUD for automation of Rietveld analysis
Authors: Savage Daniel J. , Lutterotti Luca , Biwer Christopher M. , McKerns Michael , Bolme Cynthia , Knezevic Marko , Vogel Sven C.
Published: June 2023

Modern diffraction experiments (e.g. in situ parametric studies) present scientists with many diffraction patterns to analyze. Interactive analyses via graphical user interfaces tend to slow down obtaining quantitative results such as lattice parameters and phase fractions. Furthermore, Rietveld refinement strategies (i.e. the parameter turn-on-off sequences) tend to be instrument specific or even specific to a given dataset, such that selection of strategies can become a bottleneck for efficient data analysis. Managing multi-histogram datasets such as from multi-bank neutron diffractometers or caked 2D synchrotron data presents additional challenges due to the large number of histogram-specific parameters. To overcome these challenges in the Rietveld software Material Analysis Using Diffraction (MAUD), the MAUD Interface Language Kit (MILK) is developed along with an updated text batch interface for MAUD. The open-source software MILK is computer-platform independent and is packaged as a Python library that interfaces with MAUD. Using MILK, model selection (e.g. various texture or peak-broadening models), Rietveld parameter manipulation and distributed parallel batch computing can be performed through a high-level Python interface. A high-level interface enables analysis workflows to be easily programmed, shared and applied to large datasets, and external tools to be integrated with MAUD. Through modification to the MAUD batch interface, plot and data exports have been improved. The resulting hierarchical folders from Rietveld refinements with MILK are compatible with Cinema: Debye–Scherrer, a tool for visualizing and inspecting the results of multi-parameter analyses of large quantities of diffraction data. In this manuscript, the combined Python scripting and visualization capability of MILK is demonstrated with a quantitative texture and phase analysis of data collected at the HIPPO neutron diffractometer.
The synthesis, crystal structure and spectroscopic analysis of (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
Authors: Vinaya  , Richard Austin S. , Murthy Subbiah M. , Basavaraju Yeriyur B. , Yathirajan Hemmige S. , Parkin Sean
Published: June 2023

The synthesis, crystal structure and spectroscopic analysis of (E)-1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (C17H13ClO3), a substituted chalcone, are described. The overall geometry of the molecule is largely planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.1742 Å), but slightly kinked, leading to a dihedral angle between the planes of the benzene rings at either side of the molecule of 8.31 (9)°. In the crystal, only weak interactions determine the packing motifs. These include C—H...O and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds and π–π overlap of aromatic rings.
Assessment of the healthcare workers’ physical, educational and operational needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bahrain
Authors: Mukhaimer Jameela , Mihdawi Maha Omar , Al-Ghatam Rana , Alhourani Fairouz , Opinion Francis
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study sought to understand the physical, educational and operational needs faced by healthcare workers (HCWs) (including physicians, nurses and allied health workers) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

A descriptive cross-sectional design was undertaken. HCWs working in hospitals, health centers, testing and quarantine areas in the Kingdom of Bahrain were invited to complete the online survey questionnaire developed by authors containing three domains: physical, educational, and perceived knowledge, and operational needs.

Findings

A convenient sample (N = 627) of volunteered participants responded to the online survey. The biggest challenges that HCWs were exposed to are physical needs (experiencing dry hands, difficulty breathing while on a mask, feeling hot and sweaty, and less fluid and food intake) which were reported as the higher level, followed by operational needs (limited communication due to Personal Protective Equipment - PPE - use, longer working hours, and preparation time to get ready for duty). Other challenges pertained to education and knowledge (the presence of multiple sources of information confused them during the care practices). Females faced more challenges than males, and Bahraini HCWs handled challenges more than non-Bahrainis. A negative relationship was found between age and years of experience with the challenges of the HCWs.

Originality/value

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health systems face rapidly increasing demands. HCWs face several challenges while providing patient care, particularly physical needs. This study provides adequate data for healthcare administrators to maintain a safe working environment during pandemics.
Investigating determinants of middle-aged and elderly users' video-creating intention on short-video platforms from a lifespan development perspective
Authors: Wang Changyu , Yan Jin , Zhang Yimeng , Huang Lijing
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Middle-aged and elderly users become an important group on short-video platforms, however, the research on determinants of their video-creating intention is limited. Based on lifespan development theories, this study examines the impact of aging experiences on their video-creating intention, considering internal generative motivations as mediators and age as a moderator.

Design/methodology/approach

To test this study’s hypotheses, survey data from 321 Chinese middle-aged and elderly short-video users were collected and partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used to analyze these data.

Findings

Middle-aged and elderly users' aging experiences of social loss and personal growth are positively related to their video-creating intention. Aging experiences (i.e. physical loss, social loss, and personal growth) are positively related to internal generative motivations (i.e. need to be needed and symbolic immortality), and need to be needed is positively related to video-creating intention. Via the mediation of need to be needed, physical loss and personal growth are indirectly positively related to video-creating intention. Personal growth strengthens the relationship between physical loss and symbolic immortality, but weakens the associations of social loss with need to be needed and symbolic immortality. Age weakens the relationship between symbolic immortality and video-creating intention.

Originality/value

This study is the first wave to introduce and integrate lifespan theories such as selective optimization with compensation model, socioemotional selectivity theory, and generativity theory to explore the impacts of aging experiences on middle-aged and elderly users' video-creating intention by considering generativity motivations as mediators and age as a moderator.
Enhancing purchase intentions among young consumers in a live-streaming shopping environment using relational bonds: are there differences between “buyers” and “non-buyers”?
Authors: Tan Kim-Lim , Hii Ivy S.H. , Lim Xin-Jean , Wong Caroline Y.L.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Drawing on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model, this study examines how live-streaming shopping influences purchase intentions in young consumers. The multigroup analysis is applied to understand the similarities and differences of factors that trigger purchase intentions among buyers and non-buyers in live-streaming shopping.

Design/methodology/approach

A snowball sampling was used to collect data from 507 Chinese consumers between June and September 2022 using Wenjuanxing, i.e., an online survey platform in China. The data was analyzed using the partial least squares method of structural equation modeling.

Findings

The findings revealed that amongst the three relational bonds, social and structural bonds were positively associated with trust, whereas financial bonds had no significant relationship with trust. This implies that while price discount might not have any significant relationship with trust, the social interactions that college students have with the live-streamers and their products build trust, which in turn translates to purchasing decisions. Comparing buyers and non-buyers, the results support that buyers have a higher level of trust in live-streaming shopping than non-buyers. This is indicative of the authentic and immersive experiences enjoyed by consumers in live streaming that generate structural bonds and foster stronger connections (relational bonds), thereby establishing trust.

Originality/value

This study is one of the first empirical studies targeting college students as participants in live streaming. These findings are expected to provide actionable insights to streamers especially in converting non-buyers to buyers in live-streaming broadcast.
Analytics in healthcare supply chain management in the new normal era: a review and future research agenda
Authors: Tyagi Sapna
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The relevance of analytics to the healthcare supply chain is increasing with emerging trends and technologies. This study examines how analytics are used in the healthcare supply chain in the “new normal” environment.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review was conducted by extracting research articles related to analytics in the healthcare supply chain from Scopus. The author used a hybrid review approach that combines bibliometric analysis with a theories, contexts, characteristics, and methodology (TCCM) framework-based review to identify various themes of analytics in the healthcare supply chain.

Findings

The hybrid review strategy yielded results that focus on prevalent theories, contexts, characteristics, and methodologies in the field of healthcare supply chain analytics. Future research should explore the resulting antecedents, decision-making processes and outcomes (ADO) framework, which integrates technological, economic, and societal concerns and outcomes. Future research agendas could also seek to apply theoretical perspectives in the field of analytics in the healthcare supply chain.

Originality/value

The result of a review of selected studies adds to the current body of work and contributes to the growth of research in the field of analytics in the healthcare supply chain. It also provides new directions to healthcare supply chain managers and academic scholars.
The effects of organizational learning on innovation and performance of venture capital-backed firms: the moderating effect of syndication
Authors: Laachach Abderrahim , Ettahri Younes
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Despite the innovation and performance of venture capital (VC)-backed firms receiving extensive attention, how and under what conditions VC influences innovation and performance remains unclear. The present paper draws on organizational learning (OL) theory to examine the moderating effect of syndication on backed firms.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on a literature review that connects OL and innovation to the performance of VC-backed firms, this study examines the effects of OL on innovation and firm performance among these firms by questioning the moderating effect of VC syndication. A sample of 78 VC-backed firms was used to test the robustness of the proposed model and causal relationships through the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The empirical evidence demonstrates that the intervention of venture capitalists can not only stimulate innovation, but also have a significantly positive effect on firm performance. Furthermore, the evidence reveals that syndication of VC investment supports backed firms in improving the firms' performance and generating innovation from acquired knowledge.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first in North Africa that focuses on the moderating effects of venture capital syndication on the relationships between OL, innovation and firm performance.
Epistemically violent biases in artificial intelligence design: the case of DALLE-E 2 and Starry AI
Authors: Mbalaka Blessing
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The paper aims to expand on the works well documented by Joy Boulamwini and Ruha Benjamin by expanding their critique to the African continent. The research aims to assess if algorithmic biases are prevalent in DALL-E 2 and Starry AI. The aim is to help inform better artificial intelligence (AI) systems for future use.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper utilised a desktop study for literature and gathered data from Open AI’s DALL-E 2 text-to-image generator and StarryAI text-to-image generator.

Findings

The DALL-E 2 significantly underperformed when it was tasked with generating images of “An African Family” as opposed to images of a “Family”. The pictures lacked any conceivable detail as compared to the latter of this comparison. The StarryAI significantly outperformed the DALL-E 2 and rendered visible faces. However, the accuracy of the culture portrayed was poor.

Research limitations/implications

Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further. The implications, however, are that more inclusion is warranted to help address the issue of cultural inaccuracies noted in a few of the paper’s experiments.

Practical implications

The paper is useful for advocates who advocate for algorithmic equality and fairness by highlighting evidence of the implications of systemic-induced algorithmic bias.

Social implications

The reduction in offensive racism and more socially appropriate AI can be a better product for commercialisation and general use. If AI is trained on diversity, it can lead to better applications in contemporary society.

Originality/value

The paper’s use of DALL-E 2 and Starry AI is an under-researched area, and future studies on this matter are welcome.
Dynamic modelling of an armoured face conveyor considering the curved chains
Authors: Yuan Pengfei , He Baiyan , Zhang Lianhong
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Due to the structural layout, mining process, and working environment, curved chains such as horizontal and vertical bends inevitably exist in the armoured face conveyor (AFC). With the increasing power, conveying capacity, and distance of the AFC, the dynamic influence of these curved chains should be highly emphasized. This paper establishes a dynamic model of the AFC by multi-body system theory and finite segment method, in which the curved chains can be fully considered.

Design/methodology/approach

The scraper chains are firstly grouped into the straight, horizontal bend, vertical convex and concave bend sections. Each bend section running in a circle is simplified as an ideal arc. Through solving its differential equilibrium equation and using Newton's second law, its running resistance is derived. Then the grouped chains are discretized into finite control elements according to the Kelvin model, and the governing equation of each control element is established. The dynamic model of the AFC is obtained by assembling these equations, and the corresponding simulation model is developed by using MATLAB/Simulink.

Findings

Case studies with real scenarios are provided, and simulations are carried out. The results show that the running resistance contributed by the curved chains is larger than the traditional empirical value.

Originality/value

The work in this paper helps the dynamic performance design of AFC, with a deep understanding of the curved chains.
Differences between habitual and novice entrepreneurs in funding negotiations
Authors: Glade Christian , Kesting Peter , Smolinski Remigiusz , Kanbach Dominik
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Negotiations with venture capitalists (VCs) play a crucial role in the entrepreneurial financing process. Habitual entrepreneurs are generally able to secure more venture capital funding and on better deal terms than novices. This study investigates the disparities in negotiation competencies between habitual and novice entrepreneurs during VC funding negotiations.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employed a qualitative approach to investigate the variation in negotiation competencies between habitual and novice entrepreneurs, utilizing the negotiation competency model (NCM). The data analysis and interpretation adopted an inductive concept development approach. A total of 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted with seasoned VCs located in Europe, all of whom had actively engaged in funding negotiations with both habitual and novice entrepreneurs.

Findings

The findings revealed substantial disparities between novice and habitual entrepreneurs in VC negotiations. Although not all competencies of the NCM exhibited variances, the results indicate three primary dimensions contributing to these differences: expertise, reputation, and negotiation competence.

Originality/value

This study is groundbreaking as it represents one of the earliest empirical investigations into the entrepreneurial negotiation competencies within VC negotiations. The findings endeavor to narrow the gap between novice and habitual entrepreneurs in VC negotiations by pinpointing the distinct variations between these two groups, which hold significant practical implications. Furthermore, this study expands the conceptual framework of the NCM by identifying supplementary competencies within the realm of VC negotiations.
Technology investments from China into other emerging economies: a push and pull perspective on the Eurasia region
Authors: Castello Esquerdo Alvar , Panibratov Andrei , Klishevich Daria
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Drawn from the push–pull perspective, this research aims to identify the determinants of Chinese technology's outward foreign direct investments (OFDI) into the Eurasian region.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors argue that contrary to the extant literature, technology-driven OFDI from emerging-market multinationals (EMNEs) do not always seek developed countries, and EMNEs' technology investments in emerging economies are rising indicating that there are factors in these economies that can prove attractive. The authors recognize the influence of the macroeconomic environment and the interaction of home and host-country institutional contexts that influence the location choice of EMNEs technology-driven OFDI into other emerging economies, mediated by the industry sector and firm's ownership structure. The authors test our hypotheses using a sample of 1,656 observations of Chinese MNEs' tech-investments in the Eurasian region from 2005 to 2019.

Findings

The study results indicate that bilateral diplomatic relations pave the way of the host-country institutional environment for Chinese MNEs uncovering the role of the Chinese government as an OFDI facilitator. This study also unveils a lower technology level of the Chinese MNEs' investments in the Eurasian region connoting an interest in market opportunities exploitation through their existing technologies – through its comparative advantage in the global markets – rather than strategic assets acquisition aiming at augmenting their technological capabilities. This trend is similar to that of other major foreign direct investment (FDI) source countries.

Originality/value

This research contributes to a better understanding of the characteristics and the location choice of technology investments from EMNEs into other emerging economies that have received scant attention in the literature. In addition, it extends the institutional theory by analyzing how home-country institutions, through bilateral diplomatic relations, may smooth the host country institutional environment for home-country MNEs' foreign investments and contributes as well to the debate on the applicability of the existing theoretical framework in the case of emerging-market MNEs.
Effects of social media affordances on knowledge contribution in online Q&A communities: a self-determination perspective
Authors: Zhou Yusheng , Zhu Lei , Wu Chuanhui , Wang Houcai , Wang Qun , Yuan Qinjian
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of social media affordances, specifically social engagement and social endorsement, on knowledge contribution in online Q&A communities. Building on self-determination theory, this research seeks to tackle the issue of under-provision of knowledge in these communities.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs a sample collected from a popular social Q&A community in China and uses linear panel data models along with multiple robustness checks to test the research model.

Findings

The findings reveal that both social engagement and social endorsement have a positive effect on users' knowledge contribution to the online Q&A community. However, the impact of social engagement is mitigated by social endorsement.

Originality/value

This paper makes a valuable contribution to the field by filling the research gap on the role of social engagement behaviors and their interaction with social endorsement in online Q&A communities. The results provide insights into how social media affordances can be leveraged to enhance knowledge contribution in these communities.
Money matters? Effect of reward types on customers' review behaviors
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Niu Yongge , Chen Zhi , Deng Xiaoyu , Wu Banggang , Chen Yali
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Online retailers are pioneering the incentivization of customers to generate more product reviews by rewarding them. However, little is known about the impact of reward types on customers' review behavior, including review frequency and sentiment. To address this gap, we investigated the effects of different reward types on customers' review behavior and how these rewards influence customers' review behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

We collected secondary data and empirically tested the hypothesis by analyzing the change in reward policy. Regression and two-stage Heckman models were applied to investigate the effects, with the latter used to control potential selection issues.

Findings

The results revealed that monetary rewards can stimulate customers to generate more positive product reviews. Furthermore, the reward amount has a negative moderating effect on the aforementioned relationship. Additionally, customer tenure negatively moderates the relationship between monetary rewards and review behavior.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the understanding of user-generated content motivation and provides managerial implications for reward programs.
A scoping review of police civilian oversight literature 1992–2022
Authors: Keyes Vance D. , Keyes Latocia
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study's aim was to systematically review available literature related to the establishment, purpose, operation, and effectiveness of civilian police oversight entities in the United States and to gain a deeper understanding of support, opposition, academic, public, and police expectations concerning their utility.

Design/methodology/approach

A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used to analyze police civilian oversight literature published between 1992 and 2022.

Findings

The authors find racially biased policing, political investment, police resistance, oversight structure, scope, and authority are key components that determine how oversight is perceived.

Research limitations/implications

Based on the methodology, the results may not be generalizable. Future researchers should consider expanding public oversight research beyond the parameters, which constrained this paper.

Practical implications

This article contains implications that should be considered by jurisdictions seeking to develop, restructure, or eliminate public oversight entities and for recognizing the concerns of advocates and opponents of public oversight.

Social implications

Civilian oversight has long been considered a potential method for public inclusion if not a means for greater public control of police. Over the past few decades, a resurgence of interest in civilian oversight has emerged.

Originality/value

This article synthesizes literature that spans 30 years of research on public oversight.
Rethinking skill development in a VUCA world: firm-specific skills developed through training and development in South Korea
Authors: Kim Junhee , Kwon Kibum , Choi Jeehyun
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the effect of firm-specific skills on formal and informal training and development (T&D) effectiveness, job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and the moderating effect of job tenure on each hypothesized path. The authors adopt a micro perspective on human capital, arguing its significance to examine the role of job attitudes in developing firm-specific skills.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 1,514 South Korean workers' responses were obtained from the Human Capital Corporate Panel dataset. This study conducted structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the structural relationships between the study variables. A subsequent multigroup SEM was conducted to determine whether the structural model differed across job tenures by comparing the results for employees with more than and less than six years of tenure.

Findings

The findings indicate that (a) firm-specific skills have a negative effect on formal T&D effectiveness and no significant effect on informal T&D effectiveness; (b) firm-specific skills have a negative effect on job satisfaction and no significant effect on turnover intentions; (c) formal T&D effectiveness has a positive effect on job satisfaction and a negative effect on turnover intentions; (d) informal T&D effectiveness has a positive effect on job satisfaction and no significant effect on turnover intentions; and (e) job tenure partially moderates the relationships among the proposed study variables.

Originality/value

The study's findings provide new insights into human capital theory, focusing on whether firm-specific skills can be a source of sustained competitive advantage from employees' perspectives.
Application of Crowdsourcing in User Experience collection – a case study of Malayalam mobile applications
Authors: Sivasankara Pillai Malathi , Balakrishnan Kannan
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to prove the following hypothesis Problem Statement: HYPOTHESIS (1) User Experience collection of mobile applications can be done using the Crowdsourcing mechanism; (2) User Experience collection of mobile applications are influenced by the mindset of Crowdmembers, culture/ethnicity/social background, ease of interface use and rewards, among other factors.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors of this paper, did a literature review first to find if Crowdsourcing was applicable and a used method to solve problems in Software Engineering. This helped us to narrow down the application of Crowdsourcing to the Requirements Engineering-Usability (User Experience) collection. User experience collection of two Malayalam language-based mobile applications, AarogyaSetu and BevQ was done as the next step. Incorporating findings from Study I, another study using AarogyaSetu and Manglish was launched as Study II. The results from both cases were consolidated and analyzed. Significant concerns relating to expectations of Crowd members with User Experience collection were unraveled and the purpose of Study was accomplished.

Findings

(1) Crowdsourcing is and can be used in Software Engineering activities. (2) Crowd members have expectations (motivating factors) of User Interface and other elements that enable them to be an effective contributor. (3) An individual’s environment and mindset (character) are influential in him becoming a contributor in Crowdsourcing. (4) Culture and social practices of a region strongly affects the crowd-participating decision of an individual.

Originality/value

This is purely self-done work. The value of this research work is two-fold. Crowdsourcing is endorsed significant in Software Engineering tasks, especially in User Experience collection of mobile applications. Two, the Crowd service requesters can be careful about designing the questionnaire for Crowdsourcing. They have to be aware and prepared to meet the expectations of the Crowd. This can ensure the active participation of potential contributors. Future researchers can use the results of this work to base their research on similar purposes.
Global multi-sport events: content strategy for driving fan engagement on Twitter
Authors: Shabbirhusain R.V. , Annamalai Balamurugan , Chandrasekaran Shabana
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to understand the impact of content orientation, media type, and information richness on fan engagement in multi-sport global events.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a content analysis on Twitter posts recording over two million user impressions from the official account managed by the International Olympic Committee for India during the Tokyo Olympic Games 2020. A multivariate Poisson model using the Bayesian approach was used for analyzing data.

Findings

This study found that fan engagement is likely to be higher for player-oriented content as opposed to team-oriented content. Also, the usage of photos to enhance engagement worked better than any other media type. Finally, the results revealed that the inclusion of hashtags has a positive effect on fan engagement for tweet comments but not for like count and retweet count.

Originality/value

The study highlights the differences in player versus team-oriented posts in global multi-sport competitions. The findings have significant implications for practicing sport managers by informing them about key elements that drive fans to engage in online communication.
Entering the archive of second‐wave trans feminist print culture: The journal of male feminism
Authors: Cousens Emily
Published: June 2023

Common stories of second‐wave feminism equate the period either explicitly or by reference to its presumed biological essentialism, with trans‐exclusionary feminism. This article deep‐dives into issues published between 1977 and 1979 of the Journal of Male Feminism, an underground newsletter for a predominantly North American‐based male‐to‐female (M‐T‐F) cross‐dressing community. It argues that these texts contain a rich set of theoretical resources and nuanced perspectives on sex and gender developed by trans people in the 1970s and therefore deserve to be read as part of an expanded canon of second‐wave feminism.
Akkermansia muciniphilaalleviateshigh‐fat‐diet‐related metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota and bile acids
Authors: Wu Wenrui , Kaicen Wang , Bian Xiaoyuan , Yang Liya , Ding Shi , Li Yating , Li Shengjie , Zhuge Aoxiang , Li Lanjuan
Published: June 2023

It has been reported thatAkkermansia muciniphilaimproves host metabolism and reduces inflammation; however, its potential effects on bile acid metabolism and metabolic patterns in metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are unknown. In this study, we have analysed C57BL/6 mice under three feeding conditions: (i) a low‐fat diet group (LP), (ii) a high‐fat diet group (HP) and (iii) a high‐fat diet group supplemented withA. muciniphila(HA). The results found thatA. muciniphilaadministration relieved weight gain, hepatic steatosis and liver injury induced by the high‐fat diet.A. muciniphilaaltered the gut microbiota with a decrease inAlistipes,Lactobacilli,Tyzzerella,ButyricimonasandBlautia, and an enrichment ofRuminiclostridium,Osclibacter,Allobaculum,AnaeroplasmaandRikenella. The gut microbiota changes correlated significantly with bile acids. Meanwhile,A. muciniphilaalso improved glucose tolerance, gut barriers and adipokines dysbiosis.Akkermansia muciniphilaregulated the intestinal FXR‐FGF15 axis and reshaped the construction of bile acids, with reduced secondary bile acids in the caecum and liver, including DCA and LCA. These findings provide new insights into the relationships between probiotics, microflora and metabolic disorders, highlighting the potential role ofA. muciniphilain the management of MAFLD.
EcoEnsemble: A general framework for combining ecosystem models in R
Authors: Spence Michael A. , Martindale James A. , Thomson Michael J.
Published: June 2023

Often there are several complex ecosystem models available to address a specific question. However, structural differences, systematic discrepancies and uncertainties mean that they typically produce different outputs. Rather than selecting a single ‘best’ model, it is desirable to combine them to give a coherent answer to the question at hand.

Many methods of combining ecosystem models assume that one of the models is exactly correct, which is unlikely to be the case. Furthermore, models may not be fitted to the same data, have the same outputs, nor be run for the same time period, making many common methods difficult to implement. In this paper, we use a statistical model to describe the relationship between the ecosystem models, prior beliefs and observations to make coherent predictions of the true state of the ecosystem with robust quantification of uncertainty.

We introduce EcoEnsemble, an R package that takes advantage of the statistical model's structure to efficiently fit the ensemble model, either sampling from the posterior distribution or maximising the posterior density.

We demonstrate EcoEnsemble by investigating what would happen to four fish species in the North Sea under future management scenarios. Although developed for applications in ecology, EcoEnsemble can be used to combine any group of mechanistic models, for example in climate modelling, epidemiology or biology.
Estonia: Political Developments and Data in 2022
Authors: MÖLDER MARTIN
Published: June 2023

The Russian‐Ukrainian war, which started in February 2022, changed Estonian domestic politics considerably. The Reform Party, which had failed to manage domestic crises at the end of 2021, was able to prove itself in foreign politics, and its support skyrocketed. Its coalition partner at the start of the war, the Centre Party, however, lost support, which eventually led to the break‐up of the government coalition in the middle of the year. A new government was formed by the Reform Party, Fatherland and the Social Democratic Party, which was limited in its ambitions and cautious of its political choices as elections were approaching in March 2023.
CAG and GGN repeat polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene of a Chilean pediatric cohort with idiopathic inguinal cryptorchidism
Authors: Rodríguez Fernando , Godoy María José , Ortiz Eliana , Benítez‐Filselcker Andrés , López María Teresa , Cassorla Fernando , Castro Andrea
Published: June 2023

Background

Cryptorchidism is one of the most common congenital disorders in boys and it is associated with a higher risk of sub‐fertility and testicular cancer. Testicular descent occurs during embryo‐fetal development in two phases, transabdominal and inguino‐scrotal. In the latter process, androgens play a leading role. The androgen receptor has in its N‐terminal domain, two aminoacidic repeats encoded by polymorphic nucleotide repetitions: (CAG)nCAA and GGN. The number of repetitions of these trinucleotides has been associated with different transactivation capacities and sensitivities of the androgen receptor response.

Objective

To determine whether pediatric Chilean individuals with idiopathic inguinal cryptorchidism have a different number of CAG and/or GGN repeats polymorphisms compared with controls.

Materials and methods

A total of 109 cases with idiopathic inguinal cryptorchidism (26 bilateral and 83 unilateral) were studied by polymerase chain reaction amplification from DNA extracted from peripheral blood, followed by fragment size analysis by capillary electrophoresis, which were compared with 140 controls.

Results

The CAG26 repeats allele was increased in the total cases (8.3% vs. 1.4%; p = 0.012; odds ratio = 6.21, 95% confidence interval 1.31–29.4), and in bilateral cases compared to controls (11.5% vs. 1.4%; p = 0.028; odds ratio = 9 CI 95% 1.43–56.8). Similarly, CAG > 22 alleles were increased in the total cases (62.4% vs. 49.3%, p = 0.041), and more significantly in bilateral cases (73.1% vs. 49.3%; p = 0.032; odds ratio = 2.79, 95% confidence interval 1.1–7.1). In addition, CAG < 18 alleles were not observed among cases, but were present in 5.7% of controls (p = 0.01). Regarding the GGN repeats, no differences were observed between cases and controls either when analyzing separately unilateral and bilateral cryptorchidism. The joint analysis of the distribution of CAG and GGN alleles showed that the CAG26 allele was present with GGN23, hence the combination CAG26/GGN23 alleles was equally increased in bilateral cases compared with controls (11.5% vs. 1.4%). In contrast, CAG < 18 was preferably observed in the combination CAG < 18/GGN≠23 and was absent in the total cases (4.3% vs. 0%; p = 0.037).

Discussion

These results suggest that greater lengths of CAG alleles may contribute to a diminished androgen receptor function. The CAG26 allele alone or in combination with GGN23 was associated with a higher risk of bilateral cryptorchidism. On the other hand, CAG < 18 and the CAG < 18/GGN≠23 allele combination may reduce the probability of cryptorchidism.
How does deprescribing (not) reduce mortality? A review of a meta‐analysis in community‐dwelling older adults casts uncertainty over claimed benefits
Authors: Sirois Caroline , Gosselin Maude , Laforce Camille , Gagnon Marie‐Eve , Talbot Denis
Published: June 2023

Some meta‐analyses suggest that deprescribing may reduce mortality. Our aim was to determine the underlying factors contributing to this observed reduction. We analysed data from 12 randomized controlled trials included in the latest meta‐analysis on deprescribing in community‐dwelling older adults. Our analysis focused on deprescribed medications and potential methodological concerns. Only a third (4/12) of the trials aimed to study mortality, and that too as a secondary outcome. Five trials reported a reduction in total medications, potentially inappropriate medications or drug‐related problems. Information on specific classes of deprescribed medications was limited, although a wide array was concerned (e.g., antihypertensive, sedative, gastro‐intestinal medications and vitamins). Follow‐up periods were ≤1 year in 11 trials, and five trials included ≤150 participants. Small sample sizes often resulted in imbalanced groups (e.g., comorbidities, number of potentially inappropriate medications), yet no trials presented multivariable analyses. In the two trials with the most weight in the meta‐analysis, several deaths occurred before the intervention, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the impact of the deprescribing intervention on mortality. These methodological issues cast significant uncertainty on the benefits of deprescribing on mortality outcomes. Large‐scale, well‐designed trials are needed to address this issue effectively.
Subtype‐specific modulation of human KV7 channels by the anticonvulsant cannabidiol through a lipid‐exposed pore‐domain site
Authors: Pökl Michael , Sridhar Akshay , Frampton Damon J. A. , Linhart Veronika A. , Delemotte Lucie , Liin Sara I.
Published: June 2023

Background and Purpose

Cannabidiol (CBD) is used clinically as an anticonvulsant. Its precise mechanism of action has remained unclear. CBD was recently demonstrated to enhance the activity of the neuronal KV7.2/7.3 channel, which may be one important contributor to CBD anticonvulsant effect. Curiously, CBD inhibits the closely related cardiac KV7.1/KCNE1 channel. Whether and how CBD affects other KV7 subtypes remains uninvestigated and the CBD interaction sites mediating these diverse effects remain unknown.

Experimental Approach

Here, we used electrophysiology, molecular dynamics simulations, molecular docking and site‐directed mutagenesis to address these questions.

Key Results

We found that CBD modulates the activity of all human KV7 subtypes and that the effects are subtype dependent. CBD enhanced the activity of KV7.2–7.5 subtypes, seen as a V50 shift towards more negative voltages or increased maximum conductance. In contrast, CBD inhibited the KV7.1 and KV7.1/KCNE1 channels, seen as a V50 shift towards more positive voltages and reduced conductance. In KV7.2 and KV7.4, we propose a CBD interaction site at the subunit interface in the pore domain that overlaps with the interaction site of other compounds, notably the anticonvulsant retigabine. However, CBD relies on other residues for its effects than the conserved tryptophan that is critical for retigabine effects. We propose a similar, though not identical CBD site in KV7.1, with a non‐conserved phenylalanine being important.

Conclusions and Implications

We identify novel targets of CBD, contributing to a better understanding of CBD clinical effects and provide mechanistic insights into how CBD modulates different KV7 subtypes.
Eocene to present evolution of the Pearl River, China: A quantitative provenance interpretation on large detrital zircon U–Pb geochronological data
Authors: Hu Jie , Tian Yuntao , Zhang Zengjie , Long Zulie , Huang Yuping , Shen Xiaoming , Hu Shengbiao
Published: June 2023

Drainage evolution of the Pearl River, one of the major rivers in the eastern margin of the Asian continent, has important implications for the tectonomorphic evolution of the northern margin of the South China Sea and the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Previous reconstructions using different methods suggested discrepant timings for the formation of river, ranging from Early Oligocene to Middle Miocene. Here, we address this heavily debated topic using quantitative unmixing modelling of detrital zircon data from the Pearl River Mouth Basin in the northern margin of the South China Sea. In this study, we develop a novel approach for estimating the relative contributions of detrital zircon sources to their shared sink, and propose to use the correlation coefficients among zircon contribution models to evaluate the trade‐off among sources with similar age spectra, to avoid the potential overinterpretation of individual contributions. Our new method is applied to new (997) and published detrital zircon U–Pb data from offshore boreholes and modern Pearl River samples to quantitatively interpret and reconstruct the sediment provenance of the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the development of the Pearl River. Our findings reveal that the provenance change of the Pearl River Mouth Basin can be divided into three main stages. Eocene sediments were mainly sourced in the intra‐basinal highlands and the eastern coastal tributaries, indicating a local drainage system. Early Oligocene provenances extended westward, as shown by the increase in sediment contribution from the central and western parts of the Pearl River (28% in total). Since the Late Oligocene, the eastern, central and western parts of the modern Pearl River have contributed equal amounts of zircons to the Pearl River Mouth Basin, indicating the establishment and long‐term stability of the modern‐like drainage system, as highlighted by our new data acquired from the borehole Miocene strata. The Late Oligocene westward expansion of the Pearl River is consistent with the timing of the coeval breakup and spreading of the South China Sea and the intensified Asian monsoon precipitation, highlighting the importance of base level fall and climate in controlling the drainage evolution.