bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Triage of Emergent Spinal Pathology via Telemedicine: A Case Report
Authors: Derian Joseph M. , Campbell Symiah S. , Hah Raymond J. , Lantz Justin M.
Published: June 2024

Background

There is little published literature concerning assessment of low-back pain (LBP) and emergent spinal pathologies via remote platforms.

Case Presentation

The patient was a 64-year-old female with complex medical history, referred to physical therapy for iliotibial band syndrome, reporting new onset severe LBP, bilateral leg pain/paresthesia, and urinary retention. Per the telemedicine examination, the American College of Radiology imaging guidelines for LBP, and the Guidance Document on Elective, Emergent, and Urgent Procedures for COVID-19 by the North American Spine Society (NASS), the patient was referred for magnetic resonance imaging and surgical consultation for suspected cauda equina syndrome.

Outcome and Follow-Up

Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multilevel lumbar spondylosis, facet hypertrophy, right lateral stenosis at L3–4, and a disc herniation resulting in severe central canal stenosis and cauda equina compression at L4–5. The patient subsequently underwent surgery to L4–L5 laminotomy and microdiscectomy and reported complete resolution of symptoms.

Discussion

Telemedicine may be effective for triaging patients with serious spinal pathology, as evidenced by the successful examination and identification of red flag symptoms, identification for advanced imaging, and referral for surgical consultation on an individual case basis. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):168–172. Epub: 21 June 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10820
Nonsurgical Treatment of a Preprofessional Contemporary Dancer With Posterior Shoulder Instability and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Cavaleri Patricia R. , Edery-Altas Sarah , Sandow Emily , Liederbach Marijeanne
Published: June 2024

Background

Contemporary dance requires large ranges of motion of the upper extremities (UEs) to gesture, change directions, control floorwork, and partner other dancers. As a result, contemporary dancers are at a higher risk for UEs and traumatic injuries compared to other dancers.

Case Presentation

An 18-year-old preprofessional contemporary dancer presented to physical therapy (PT) with pain, hand numbness, and arm weakness following a traumatic shoulder dislocation. She had a 5-year history of nearly 40 previous dislocations or subluxations, 2 shoulder surgeries, and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Outcome and Follow Up

Over 1 month of PT treatment, she progressed through stabilization exercises and dance-based dynamic strengthening. She reported decreased pain, resolution of numbness, and near-full return to dancing over 40 hours per week.

Discussion

This case demonstrates that hypermobile contemporary dancers may do well with nonsurgical management of posterior shoulder instability and return to high levels of training. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):124–129. Epub: 21 June 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10853
Femoral Neuropathy Following Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion (XLIF) Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Hodges Michael J. , Donald Ellen
Published: June 2024

Background

The extreme lateral interbody fusion approach (XLIF) is a surgical technique introduced two decades ago for spinal fusions. However, little has been published on the particular complications associated with this surgical technique and the rehabilitation. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of post-operative complication of retroperitoneal hematoma following XLIF with subsequent femoral neuropathy and the physical therapy intervention approach applying the repetitions in reserve (RIR) concept.

Case Presentation

A 60-year-old female presented with severe right hip flexor and quadriceps weakness from a retroperitoneal hematoma following a right-sided XLIF procedure for severe right L4-5 radiculopathy. Post-surgical physical therapy treatment and 6-month outcomes are described.

Outcome and Follow Up

By post-operative week 12, the patient obtained a knee brace that eliminated her falls due to quadriceps weakness. At 6 months post-operatively, she demonstrated significantly improved quadriceps and hip flexor strength (from 1/5 and 2+/5, respectively, to 3+/5), and improved lower extremity functional scale score, from 30 to 58. She was also able to complete a 6-minute walk test and ambulated 128 m.

Discussion

Significant improvement in motor function and functional outcomes was noted by post-operative month six. The role of physical therapy was to focus on the timing of muscle reactivation using electrical stimulation and progressive resistance exercises using the RIR concept as nerve function returned. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):162–165. Epub: 21 June 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10895
Scapular Spine Fracture Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Fargnoli Ross , Kelley Martin
Published: June 2024

A 54-year-old man was referred by an orthopaedic surgeon to physical therapy for postoperative rehabilitation 4 weeks following left reverse total shoulder arthroplasty as a result of primary rotator cuff arthropathy. Seven weeks postsurgery, the patient reported increased pain and was consequently referred back to the surgeon, who ordered imaging. Radiographs did not reveal any hardware-related complications, while computed tomography revealed a scapular spine fracture. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(1):24–25. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10931
Bilateral Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Heads
Authors: Butcher Allison
Published: June 2024

A 34-year-old woman was referred to physical therapy for severe, progressive bilateral hip pain. Due to minimal improvement after six physical therapy sessions and a history of chronic alcoholism, the patient was referred back to her physician for imaging. Her imaging showed severe bilateral avascular necrosis of the femoral heads, necessitating bilateral total hip arthroplasties. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):149–151. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10966
Localized Bilateral Midclavicular Mass in Response to Repetitive Direct Pressure
Authors: Jones Seth , Bowens Andrea N. , Scogin Will , Washmuth Nicholas B.
Published: June 2024

A 25-year-old male consulted his physical therapist for bilateral clavicular pain and midclavicular masses that began after performing repetitive power clean lifts approximately 3 years prior. Clinical assessment of muscles, nerves, and joints did not reproduce the patient’s pain. Due to the patient’s dissatisfaction with the aesthetic appearance of the midclavicular masses and inability to perform his desired workouts, the patient was referred to a sports medicine physician for further workup. Magnetic resonance imaging findings characterized the swelling as a benign abnormality. A surgical procedure to excise the prominent soft tissue was performed. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):130–131. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.11185
The Triple Crown: A Regional Independence Approach to Managing Axillary Pain, A Case Report
Authors: Gulla Nicholas , Mansfield Cody , Bleacher Jake , Kirby Kenneth , Briggs Matthew
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: The regional interdependence model is an approach that can assist in better discerning complex symptom presentations and developing a specific plan of care.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old female equine stable worker presented with reports of chronic axillary pain limiting work participation. Objective testing revealed radiating axillary pain with thoracic and rib testing, scapular dyskinesis with shoulder girdle and kinetic chain strength deficits, and thoracic spine hypomobility.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: The patient returned to full-time work in 3 sessions with treatment focused on thoracic/rib mobilization and shoulder loading. Full recovery was facilitated through combined kinetic chain and functional shoulder loading.

DISCUSSION: The principles of regional interdependence can play a role in effective and efficient diagnosis and treatment of many orthopaedic conditions. Considering regional interactions can be particularly important for both differential diagnosis and treatment of patients with orthopaedic pathologies where the pain generator is unclear, such as axillary pain. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(1):59–73. Epub: 4 November 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.11295
Conservative Management of Inguinal Hernia: A Case Report
Authors: Tafoya Tomas V. , Walsh Adam
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Few articles explore effectiveness of physical therapy in delaying surgical intervention for patients with inguinal hernia pain. As such, there is limited evidence guiding effective treatment approaches. A focus on retraining the deep stabilizing core musculature was successful in improving pain and function in a patient with an inguinal hernia in this case report.

CASE PRESENTATION: The patient presented with moderate pain, utilization of a hernia belt for all functional tasks, and decreased overall functional ability. The patient had difficulty conducting his exercise regimen and tasks around his horse ranch.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: At discharge, the patient was able to lift 25 lbs, had no pain, utilized his hernia belt only when lifting over 25 lbs, and increased his score on the Lower Extremity Functional Scale by 16 points. 6

DISCUSSION: This case demonstrates the role physical therapy plays in conservative management of inguinal hernia pain and the associated loss of function with this diagnosis. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(1):37–42. Epub: 14 December 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.11368
Dry Needling Added to Conservative Care in a Patient With Freezing to Frozen Presentation of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Case Report
Authors: Reynolds Breanna , Collings Cooper , Heyer Brianna , Fijalkowski Alyssa , Rossi Andrea , Graunke Natalie , Durr Pamela , Kelly Joseph
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Current evidence supports conservative care in addressing pain, range of motion (ROM), and function for individuals with adhesive capsulitis (AC). Evidence examining the effect of dry needling (DN) is limited. The purpose of this case study was to describe the effects of DN for a patient with AC in the freezing to frozen stage with worsening pain and function.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 49-year-old female physical therapist with history of left shoulder pain and subsequent progressive ROM loss in all planes over the last 8 months despite self-management efforts.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Dry needling had an immediate positive effect, and continued improvement was noted over the 5 treatment sessions. Clinically meaningful improvements in pain, ROM, and function were maintained at the final treatment session and at a follow-up session.

DISCUSSION: Steroid injection was avoided, and the patient with stage 2–3 AC experienced improved pain, motion, and function with the addition of DN to physical therapy management. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(1):29–36. Epub: 4 November 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.11381
Chronic Periostitis of the Anterior Tibia Treated With a Combination of Shock Wave Therapy and Gait Retraining: A Case Report
Authors: Douglas Stephanie R. , Posilkin Joshua I. , Tenforde Adam S.
Published: June 2024

Background

Tibial periostitis is a cause of exertional leg pain in athletes. Gait retraining may relieve symptoms by reducing loading rates and improving gait symmetry. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy has been used to treat overuse bone and soft tissue injuries in athletes.

Case Presentation

A 34-year-old female runner with chronic periostitis attempted gait retraining, but her pain returned. She subsequently completed 3 sessions of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy and experienced improvement in leg pain that allowed her to progress through gait retraining.

Outcome and Follow-Up

Video analysis demonstrated conversion to a forefoot strike following gait retraining. Instrumented treadmill analysis showed improved stride symmetry and reduced vertical ground reaction forces. She continued to run pain free at 18 months following discharge.

Discussion

This case report illustrates the possible synergistic value of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy with gait retraining for the management of tibial periostitis. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(1):18–23. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.9947
Deep Vein Thrombosis Responding to Blood Flow Restriction of Uninvolved Extremities: A Case Report
Authors: Landers Josh , Allen Melissa , Mennemeier Mark , Carroll Stacia
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a risk factor following lower extremity orthopedic surgery. Tissue plasminogen activator, a thrombus-degrading protein, is elevated after using blood flow restriction (BFR). This case study explores the use BFR concurrent with treatment of DVT.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year-old man presented to physical therapy (PT) 50 days following right knee lateral meniscectomy with severe pain at the lower aspect of the popliteal fossa into the proximal calf secondary to an active DVT. The patient took apixaban (5mg, twice daily) and aspirin (81mg, once daily) for a 3-month period to treat the DVT with no symptomatic improvement or change in the ultrasound imaging.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: The patient's visual analog scale for pain decreased from a 7/10 to a 1/10, and the venous duplex of the lower extremity was negative for DVT after 5 PT treatments using BFR in the uninvolved extremities over a 2.5-week period.

DISCUSSION: Blood flow restriction applied to the uninvolved limbs in a patient with a DVT was associated with resolution of the DVT without adverse effects. BFR could facilitate fibrinolysis of a blood clot by increasing the tissue plasminogen activator systemically, but further study is needed. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(2):102–107. Epub: 13 April 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11071
Carrying the Load Together: The Role of the Therapeutic Alliance in a Patient With Bilateral Achilles Tendon Repair With Unilateral Failure and Subsequent Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Chelette J. Daniel , Mansfield Cody J. , Bleacher Jake S. , Briggs Matthew S.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Adverse events can complicate the rehabilitation process. In complex clinical situations, the therapeutic alliance can aid the therapist and patient in navigating clinical challenges and facilitate a successful outcome.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old male presented to physical therapy after sequential bilateral Achilles tendon repairs following a 2-year history of chronic bilateral Achilles tendinopathy that did not respond to limited conservative care. The patient subsequently experienced traumatic failure and infection of the left Achilles tendon repair, necessitating prolonged medical management and physical therapy care over 56 weeks. His goals were to return to high-level physical activity and collegiate basketball officiating.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW UP: Approximately 80 weeks following initial physical therapy evaluation, the patient had returned to collegiate basketball officiating and was fully participating in high-intensity interval-based circuit training, including strength training, plyometric training, and sprint training, 3 times per week.

DISCUSSION: The primary physical therapist in this case sought to intentionally develop the therapeutic alliance with the patient through use of core components of the therapeutic alliance and components of psychologically informed practice. Specific strategies were utilized to develop the therapeutic alliance and leverage it in ways that positively influenced outcomes. This case report demonstrates the theories of the therapeutic alliance in practice and serves as an example to clinicians managing complex clinical cases. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(4):235-244. Epub 13 October 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11557
Isokinetic Training After A Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Procedure: A Case Study
Authors: Gillen Zachary M.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) is an effective surgical procedure to repair defective cartilage.

CASE PRESENTATION: This case study examined the influence of an isokinetic training program on muscle strength, size, and vertical jump performance for a young female adult after a MACI procedure. The subject completed an isokinetic training program 3 days/week for 12 weeks. Weekly assessments included isometric and isokinetic assessments of thigh muscle strength and power, ultrasound assessments of quadriceps and hamstrings muscle size, and force plate assessments of bilateral and unilateral vertical jump performance.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Thigh muscle size 15% to 23%. Thigh muscle strength increased from 19% to 105%, whereas power increased from 29% to 121%. Bilateral and unilateral vertical jump performance increased from 6% to 93%.

DISCUSSION: This study demonstrates that a 12-week isokinetic training program appears effective for increasing muscle strength, size, and vertical jump performance within the year following a MACI procedure. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(3):150-157. Epub: 20 June 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11617
Effectiveness of a Nonoperative Tailored Treatment and Return to Sport of a Rugby Union Player After a Cervical Spine Disc Herniation: A Case Report
Authors: Tondelli Eduardo , Prez Germán , Peek Kerry
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: This case report aims to illustrate the nonoperative rehabilitation of a rugby union player following a cervical spine disc herniation with neck pain and radicular pain.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 23-year-old male rugby player presented with neck pain and radicular pain and was evaluated using clinical and neck-motor control assessments, self-report questionnaires, neck-strength, and magnetic resonance imaging.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: A well-structured rehabilitation program was followed to ensure early recovery and optimal functional outcome. The player was able to participate in full rugby training sessions without limitation. He returned to his previous level of performance, playing in the first team.

DISCUSSION: This is the first case report of a rugby union player with an isolated disc herniation managed with nonoperative treatment. The treatment objectives, interventions, and assessments are provided in detail. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(4):260-266. Epub 25 September 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11886
A Rare Cause of Anterior Thigh Pain
Authors: Cady Kathrine , Jones Jenny
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Anterior thigh pain is frequent in rugby players, and hematomas are common. Most occur due to trauma; however, if swelling occurs with no mechanism of injury, these should always be investigated.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 17-year-old male presented with a 6-month history of left anterolateral thigh pain and swelling with no mechanism of injury. Examination revealed that the area was hot to touch, no wounds were visible, and the patient reported no night pain or fever. He was urgently referred where an x-ray showed no findings, and then subsequently discharged. On recommendation from the original referring clinician, an ultrasound scan was ordered, which showed a 4.5-cm foreign body causing an infection.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Subsequent surgery removed a twig with thorns from the area. The pain was relieved, and he returned to rugby 3 weeks later with no further complications.

DISCUSSION: This case is a unique presentation of anterolateral thigh pain and highlights the importance of referral and follow-up when things do not fit a clinical picture. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(4):245-248. Epub 11 October 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11904
Efficacy of Plyometric Exercises for Individuals With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Case Series
Authors: Berkey Ryan , Wielechowski Adam
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Current evidence encourages the use of various therapeutic exercises for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), yet little is known on the value or feasibility of plyometric exercise in this population. This study reports the findings of a trial of plyometric exercise in addition to other physical therapy (PT) interventions in this population.

CASE DESCRIPTION: Three patients with symptomatic knee OA were enrolled in this study. Plyometric exercises were implemented in addition to other PT interventions.

OUTCOMES: Patients were assessed before and after the treatment sessions with performance-based outcomes and patient-reported outcomes. Patients completed plyometric exercises without adverse events. Improvements were observed in several subjective and objective outcomes.

DISCUSSION: Plyometric exercises, used as an adjunct to other PT interventions, may support improvements in pain and function for individuals with knee OA. These exercises appear to be safe and may provide benefits regarding patient-reported and performance-based outcomes when supplemented with other rehabilitation interventions. JOSPT Cases 2024;4(2):52-58. Epub 3 April 2024. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2024.0012
Superficial Femoral Artery Atherosclerosis Masquerading as Sciatica: Diagnosis and Conservative Management – A Case Report
Authors: Brown Hilary L. , Smith Andrew J. , Ismari Cecilia C. , Lantz Justin M.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Often misdiagnosed as sciatica, vascular disorders such as peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can lead to a decreased quality of life.

CASE PRESENTATION: The patient was a 44-year-old female referred to physical therapy with diagnosis of right-sided sciatica and L5-S1 degenerative disc disease, reporting right hip pain radiating into the thigh and foot, and worsening calf cramping. Based on inconsistent exam findings with lumbar spine imaging, patient comorbidities, and medication review, there was suspicion of PAD. The patient was referred to vascular surgery with recommendation of arterial ultrasound evaluation per American College of Radiology imaging guidelines.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Arterial duplex revealed moderate arterial insufficiency with right distal superficial femoral artery occlusion. Patient underwent a 12-week supervised exercise program using the Gardner-Skinner Protocol for conservative management.

DISCUSSION: Recognizing clinical presentation of arterial pathology, knowledge of imaging guidelines, and interdisciplinary care are essential for optimal management of PAD, particularly in cases with atypical risk factors. JOSPT Cases 2024;4(1):22-29. Epub 8 January 2024. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2024.12102
CRIMINOLOGIA E AS ESCOLAS PENAIS: A INFLUÊNCIA DE CESARE LOMBROSO NO FENÔMENO DA SELETIVIDADE PENAL CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Antônio Vieira Malaquias Ferreira Daniel , Maria de Jesus Fernandes Lívia , Almeida Brandão Luísa , Iasmim Conceição Vieira Maiara , Santos Guedes Felipe , Oliveira Carvalho Gabriel , Silva Sales Barbosa Esdras , Pedro Gonzalez Junior Ivo
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Cesare Lombroso foi um médico e criminologista italiano do século XIX. Desenvolveu a teoria do "homem delinquente", argumentava que a criminalidade era determinada biologicamente e que os criminosos podiam ser identificados por características físicas e psicológicas. Sua escola de pensamento, conhecida como "criminologia positiva", teve grande influência na justiça criminal do século XIX e início do XX, trazendo práticas como a medição de crânios e a categorização de criminosos com base em características físicas.
Alguns críticos argumentam que a influência duradoura de Lombroso na criminologia e justiça criminal pode ter contribuído para a seletividade penal contemporânea, perpetuando estereótipos e preconceitos contra certos grupos sociais. No entanto, outros argumentam que as teorias de Lombroso foram amplamente abandonadas e que a seletividade penal é causada por fatores mais complexos e multifacetados. Atualmente, há uma crescente preocupação com a seletividade penal, que se refere à tendência de certos grupos sociais serem mais suscetíveis à criminalização e punição do que outros. Isso inclui, por exemplo, a disparidade racial no sistema de justiça criminal.
Objetivo: Pretende-se neste artigo analisar quais aspectos da escola positiva influem na seletividade penal contemporânea que é um dos maiores problemas do Sistema Penal brasileiro.
 Método: Este trabalho tem caráter qualitativo, se tratando de uma revisão bibliográfica. A pesquisa teórica será realizada, em jurisprudência, doutrina e em artigos científicos no Brasil com Qualis. A pesquisa realizada entre março e maio de 2023.
Resultados esperados: Espera-se ao final da pesquisa constatar as ideias lombrosianas que continuam a influenciar o fenômeno da seletividade penal na contemporaneidade. Também espera-se compreender como esse fenômeno atinge o sistema prisional brasileiro e a sociedade como um todo.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escola Positiva, Seletividade Penal Contemporânea, criminologia, Lombroso, preconceito.
Eixo temático: Ciências sociais aplicadas.
A INTEGRIDADE DA ORDEM JURÍDICA CIVIL E A RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Oliveira Sena Hellen , Pereira Karina , Santos Batista Rafael , C. Santos Charlayne , Conceição Soares Bianca , Silva Sales Barbosa Esdras , Pedro Gonzalez Junior Ivo
Published: June 2024

Introdução: O novo Código de processo civil colocou como um dos objetivos da seara cível do direito cuidar da integridade da ordem jurídica e das jurisprudências. Um dos grandes empecilhos de manter a integridade jurídica é a solução de milhões de litígios de natureza cível que diariamente são enviados para as comarcas espalhadas pelo país inteiro, cada um com uma peculiaridade particular. Sendo assim, este trabalho se concentra em investigar a possibilidade de se manter a integridade jurídica da esfera cível e responder as lides com celeridade e coerência jurídica.
Objetivo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar a possibilidade de manter a integridade do sistema jurídico cível e proporcionar a resolução de conflitos de forma coerente e dinâmica.
Método: O trabalho em tela tem caráter qualitativo, se tratando de uma revisão narrativa, realizando levantamento bibliográfico em artigos científicos, jurisprudência, normas jurídicas e na doutrina. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de fevereiro e maio de 2023.
Resultados (esperados / parciais): Espera-se encontrar métodos que ajudem ao sistema cível construir um sistema coerente, mas eficaz na sua responsabilidade de resolver conflitos de diversas áreas pessoais da população. Espera-se tambémdurante a pesquisa constatar se a cultura dos precedentes judicias e os métodos de autocomposição são ferramentas eficazes para a resolução da problemática da pesquisa.
Descritores: Processo civil, integridade jurídica, jurisprudência, precedente judicial e comarcas
Eixo temático: Ciências sociais aplicadas.
Impact of Laboratory Biomarkers on COVID-19 Severity: First Cross-sectional Study in a Remote Area of Pakistan
Authors: Abdullah  , Salman Muhammad , Muhammad Riaz , Ali Sher , Attaullah  , Khan Muddasir
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

The study aimed to evaluate the performance of rapid antigen test (RAT) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in detecting COVID-19 and the impact of laboratory biomarkers on the severity of the disease.

Material and Methods:

A total of 150 nasopharyngeal swabs and blood samples were collected from symptomatic COVID-19 patients in Tehsil head-quarter Hospital, Dargai from August 2021 to March 2022.

Results:

RAT revealed a sensitivity of 86.67% and specificity of 100%, while RT-PCR revealed a sensitivity of 93.33% and specificity of 100%. The highest infection rate was found in males, and the average age of patients was 53.87 years. The most common symptoms were fever and sore throat. Patients were categorized into four groups based on cycle threshold values and blood biomarkers: mild, moderate, severe, and critical. White blood cell count, platelet count, and C-reactive protein were significantly different between the groups. Lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and serum ferritin were significantly increased in critical patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that inflammatory biomarkers had a comparative performance in predicting disease severity in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion:

Blood biomarkers are associated with the disease severity in COVID-19 patients, and further studies, such as metabolomics, are recommended to explore the immunological mechanisms behind these biomarkers.
Oral angioleiomyoma – A case report and its diagnostic challenges
Authors: Shobianand C. S. , Annamalai Thangavelu , Petchiammal S Meera , Balasubramaniam Vigneshwari
Published: June 2024

A leiomyoma, an infrequently encountered entity in the oral cavity, is a benign tumor composed of smooth muscle. Its rarity in the head and neck region is attributed to the scarcity of smooth muscles. Typically located in the tongue, hard palate, or buccal mucosa, it manifests as a gradually enlarging submucosal mass. While it can develop at any age, it exhibits a higher incidence in females. This article aims to elucidate a case involving a 30-year-old female patient with a leiomyoma on the right buccal mucosa, providing detailed insights into clinical features, histopathological analysis, and the diagnostic challenges associated with this condition. The best line of treatment is surgical excision with a low recurrence rate and good prognosis.
«ROAD MAP» OF BIOMARKERS IN THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HBV INFECTION
Authors:   Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Institution ", Kolomiets N. D. ,   Belarusian State Medical University",   , Minsk, Belarus, Romanova O. N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Tsyrkunov V. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Vysotskaya V. S. ,   Republican Center for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, Minsk, Belarus, Gapeenko E. V. ,   N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Lesnoy, Minsk District, Belarus
Published: June 2024

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes both acute and chronic infection that can be asymptomatic or mild, occur as severe or fulminant hepatitis. Testing for HBV markers and establishing a diagnosis of hepatitis B are a key component affecting the epidemic process and allowing people with CHB to receive effective care to prevent or slow down progressive liver damage. Objective. To present a diagnostic «road map» of HBV biomarkers for doctors of various specialties involved in the diagnosis, treatment, screening and prevention of HBV infection. Material and methods. An electronic search was carried out on PubMed, UpToDate, Scopus, Web of Science, elibrary, CDC, ECDC, WHO/WHO using key words. In accordance with the specified search criteria and the purpose of the study; the titles, abstracts and full texts of scientific articles were studied, that is fully reflected in the list of references. Results. There have been provided a description of CHB natural history, its well-known diagnostic markers and new serological opportunities for medical monitoring, such as nuclear antigen (HBcrAg), pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) as well as quantitative determination of antibodies - qAnti-HBc. The diagnostic and prognostic effectiveness of “classical” and “new” biomarkers when used together opens up new opportunities for solving epidemiological or clinical problems. Conclusions. The unavailability of new tests in the form of commercial diagnostic kits complicates the use of some of them, at least that of HBcrAg, pgRNA, qAnti-HBc, which are on the “waiting list” for implementation.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LIVER OF CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Prokopchik N. I. , Kudlo T. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kononov V. N. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Pathological Bureau, Grodno, Belarus, Lupachik E. I. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Pathological Bureau, Grodno, Belarus, Andreeva O. V. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Pathological Bureau, Grodno, Belarus
Published: June 2024

Background. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, characterized by damage to vital organs, a severe course and an unfavorable outcome. Liver cirrhosis is a relatively rare manifestation of cystic fibrosis. Objective. To study the causes of death, hepatic morphological changes in CF according to autopsy data and to present a description of a case of CF with rapidly progressing liver cirrhosis in a 6-year-old child. Material and methods. An analysis of clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies of CF and the results of hepatic morphological changes was carried out according to the data of 10 autopsies performed at the State Healthcare Institution "GRCPB". Results. Among the 10 patients died from a mixed form of CF, there were 5 patients aged 1-3 months, 2 patients aged 1.5 years, 1 patient aged 4.5 years, 1 patient aged 6 years and 1 patient was 19 years old. Infant patients had predominant intestinal damage with the development of intestinal obstruction and peritonitis, older age groups had lung damage with the development of chronic pulmonary heart disease, chronic pulmonary heart failure, and to a lesser extent - pathology of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. In one 6-year-old patient, CF was complicated by diabetes mellitus as well as liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension. All patients had severe protein-energy deficiency, psychosomatic and psychopathological symptoms. The results of pathohistological examination of the liver of infant patients showed dilation of the interlobular bile ducts with cholestasis and periductal fibrosis. The severity of these liver changes increased gradually alongside with patients’ age, including the progression of fatty degeneration. In a number of cases, diffuse fibrosis was recorded, resulting in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension. At autopsy, the extrahepatic bile ducts and gallbladder were dilated and filled with bile of a viscous consistency. Conclusions. The nature of hepatic morphological changes in CF depends on the age of the patients and on the influence of exogenous factors. Only timely diagnosis and early complex therapy for CF will reduce the progression of irreversible processes in various organs and prolong the life of patients.
Forecasting the characteristics of traffic flow during the construction of a road bridge over the Abin river in the Krasnodar region
Authors: Всеволод В.К. , Константин В.К. , Олег Н.В.
Published: June 2024

Исследованы интенсивность и состав движения на участке проектируемого моста через р. Абин в городе Абинске Краснодарского края. На основе анализа качества информации о характеристиках транспортного потока в условиях улично- дорожной сети города по различным методикам дан прогноз среднегодовой суточной интенсивности движения легковых автомобилей между двумя корреспондирующими пунктами, составивший на исходный год NА–Б = 1548 авт./сут, а с учетом прироста интенсивности движения 1,0% на перспективный период 20 лет N20 = 1889 авт./сут. Исследование состава транспортного потока проведено путем натурных наблюдений. Установлено, что преобладающим типом транспортных средств являются легковые автомобили (91,56%). Сравнение результатов определения интенсивности движения и состава транспортного потока по различным методикам при одинаковых исходных данных не показало значительных расхождений полученных значений. Собранные данные могут быть использованы для решения различных практических инженерных задач.

The intensity and composition of traffic on the section of the bridge projected across the Abin river in the city of Abinsk, Krasnodar region, are studied. Based on the analysis of the quality of information on the characteristics of traffic flow in the conditions of the city’s street and road network, according to various methods, a forecast of the average annual daily traffic intensity of passenger cars between two corresponding points was given, which amounted to NA–B = 1548 vehicles/day for the initial year, and taking into account the increase in traffic intensity of 1,0% for the perspective period of 20 years N20 = 1889 vehicles/day. The study of traffic flow composition was carried out by field observations. It was found that the predominant type of vehicles are passenger cars (91,56%). A comparison of the results of determining the intensity of traffic and the composition of traffic flow according to various methodologies with the same initial data did not show significant discrepancies in the values obtained. The data obtained can be used to solve various practical engineering problems.
A method for automatically reorganizing the structure of multi-agent systems in a complex, partially observable, dynamic environment
Authors: Дубенко Юрий Владимирович , Дышкант Евгений Евгеньевич , АО.Александр АО.Александр
Published: June 2024

Организационная структура многоагентной системы (МАС) представляет собой множество ролей агентов, правил их функционирования и взаимодействия в рамках МАС. От степени соответствия выбранной организационной структуры имеющимся ресурсам (число агентов, их технические характеристики), условиям поставленной задачи, а также параметрам окружающей среды во многом зависит эффективность МАС. Формирование организационной структуры, как правило, производится предварительно, перед запуском МАС, на основании таких вводных данных, как текущие параметры окружающей среды и условия поставленной задачи. Однако в процессе функционирования МАС состояние окружающей среды может существенно измениться, также могут быть скорректированы условия задачи. Поэтому первоначальная структура МАС может оказаться неэффективной в новых условиях.

The organizational structure of a multi-agent system (MAS) represents a variety of agent roles, rules for their functioning and interaction within the MAS. The effectiveness of the MAS largely depends on the degree of compliance of the chosen organizational structure with the available resources (number of agents, their technical characteristics), the conditions of the task, as well as environmental parameters. The formation of an organizational structure, as a rule, is carried out in advance, before the launch of the MAS, on the basis of such input data as current environmental parameters and the conditions of the task. However, during the operation of the MAS, the state of the environment can change significantly, and the conditions of the problem can also be adjusted. Accordingly, the original structure of the MAS may turn out to be ineffective in the new conditions. This paper presents a method for automatically reorganizing the structure of multi-agent systems in a complex, partially observable, dynamic environment, which allows solving the identified problem.
Research and development of the client side for student mobile information system
Authors: Алексей Г.М. , Давид А.Ш. , Сергей А.Я.
Published: June 2024

Цель исследования – разработка кросс-платформенного мобильного приложения для учебных заведений в целях создания Online-кабинета студента, в который входит: расписание занятий студента, сведения об успеваемости студента (аттестационная сессия, зачётная сессия), новости учебного заведения и чат между студентом и деканатом для обсуждения и решения вопросов студента в режиме Online. Такое решение приведёт к снижению Offline-трафика студентов в деканате.

The purpose of the research is to develop a cross-platform mobile application for educational institutions in order to create an Online student account, which includes: The student’s class schedule, information about the student’s progress (Certification session, Test session), educational institution news and a chat between the student and the dean’s office for discussion and decision. Student question online. This decision will lead to a decrease in Offline traffic of students in the dean’s office.
Reconstruction of the ring crossing in urban conditions
Authors: Коновалова Т.В. , Сенин И.С. , Дворник Д.Е.
Published: June 2024

В данной статье авторы рассматривают процесс моделирования Т- образного пересечения вместо кольцевого пересечении в городских условиях для увеличения пропускной способности участка улично-дорожной сети.

In this article, the authors consider the process of modeling a T-shaped intersection instead of a ring intersection in urban conditions, in order to increase the capacity of a section of the road network.
Chemical processes of bitumen production
Authors: Тлехусеж М.А. , Дубиненко Н.А.
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена химическим процессам производства битума, выполняющего разнообразные функции и играющего существенную роль в строительной отрасли. Описаны разновидности битумов, их состав и характеристики. Рассмотрены способы получения, основанные на концентрировании нефтяных остатков путём перегонки в вакууме, окислении воздухом нефтяных остатков и смешивании различных окисленных и остаточных битумов. В связи с увеличением объёмов применения битумных вяжущих в строительной отрасли изучение химических процессов их производства является актуальной задачей.

The article is devoted to the chemical processes of bitumen production, which performs a variety of functions and plays an essential role in the construction industry. The bitumen varieties, their composition and characteristics are described. The methods of production based on the concentration of oil residues by distillation in vacuum, air oxidation of oil residues and mixing of various oxidized and residual bitumen are considered. Due to the increase in the use of bitumen binders in the construction industry, the study of chemical processes of their production is an urgent task.
Study of the effectiveness of modification with slag of various self-compacting concrete mixtures intended for concrete of various strength classes
Authors: Иванченко С.А. , Удодов С.А. , Бондаренко И.В. , Дубинкин И.С.
Published: June 2024

Возможность полезной утилизации промышленных отходов в настоящее время является актуальной и широко обсуждаемой темой. Тема утилизации такого вида отхода как доменный гранулированный шлак при изготовлении самого распространённого строительного материала бетона исследуется уже длительно и довольно хорошо развита. Однако существует серьезная проблема, препятствующая массовому применению данного вида отхода в технологии бетонов, которая выражена в нестабильности свойств и химического состава данного вида отхода. Соответственно, для решения данной проблемы требуется проведение дополнительных исследований, которые позволят определить рациональное количество отхода-добавки в составе бетонной смеси. В данном исследовании были разработаны рациональные составы экологичных самоуплотняющихся бетонных смесей с доменным гранулированным шлаком ISKENDERUN-2. По результатам испытаний были получены бетоны с классами по прочности на сжатие B40 и B60, готовые к практическому применению при строительстве различных объектов, в том числе и ответственных объектов энергетического строительства.

The possibility of useful disposal of industrial waste is currently an urgent and widely discussed topic. The topic of recycling such a type of waste as blast furnace granular slag in the manufacture of the most common building material concrete has been studied for a long time and is quite well developed. However, there is a serious problem preventing the mass application of this type of waste in concrete technology, which is expressed in the instability of the properties and chemical composition of this type of waste. Accordingly, to solve this problem, additional studiesЭлектронный сетевой политематический журнал «Научные труды КубГТУ». 2024. № 2. C. 59-71. 60 Scientific Works of the Kuban State Technological University. 2024; (2) : 59-71. © Иванченко С. А., Удодов С. А., Бондаренко И. В., Дубинкин И. С., 2024 are required that will determine the rational amount of waste additives in the composition of the concrete mixture. In this study, rational compositions of environmentally friendly self-sealing concrete mixtures with ISKENDERUN-2 blast furnace granular slag were developed. According to the test results, concretes with compressive strength classes B40 and B60 were obtained, ready for practical use in the construction of various facilities, including responsible energy construction facilities.
Organizational and technological aspects of road construction
Authors: Надежда В.Р.
Published: June 2024

В статье рассмотрены организационные и технологические аспекты строительства линейных объектов и выявлены ряд определенных противоречий. Произведена систематизация статистического материала, проанализированы и обобщены основные составляющие организационных вопросов прокладки дорог, выделены наиболее часто встречающиеся проблемные ситуации, предложены пути их решения. Цель исследования заключается в осуществлении детализации наиболее проблемных вопросов организации и выдвижении предложения, повышающего технологичность и эффективность решения. Методы исследования – расчетно-аналитические, на основании существующих открытых источников и нормативных документов. Результат. Была разработана общая модель, воссозданы и проанализированы календарные графики строительства трасс, произведен матричный расчет, ранжирование, вычислен коэффициент значимости.

The article examines the organizational and technological aspects of the construction of linear facilities and identifies a number of certain contradictions. The statistical material was systematized, the main components of the organizational issues of road construction were analyzed and summarized, the most common problem situations were identified, and ways to solve them were proposed. The purpose of the study is to provide details of the most problematic issues of the organization, and to put forward a proposal that increases the manufacturability and effectiveness of the solution. Method. The research methods are computational and analytical, based on existing open sources and regulatory documents. Result. A general model was developed, calendar schedules for the construction of trails were recreated and analyzed, matrix calculation, ranking were performed, and the significance coefficient was calculated
Elucidating Carbon Dot Research Coupled with Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mandal Saptarshi
Published: June 2024

Two decades have gone by since the discovery of carbon dots (CDs) and a lot of research on CDs has been published. However, still, there is no comprehensive overview of how this research has evolved and to which direction it is going. Herein, with the power of big data analytics, an attempt was made to illuminate the journey of CD research. A total of 24599 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection for the period of 2004 – 2024 were studied with Biblioshiny and VOSviewer coupled with manual studies. The included publications originate from 115 countries, ~8K institutions, and ~66K authors. China produced ~50% of the publications. The Chinese Academy of Science appeared as the most productive institution. Authors with nine or more publications emerged as the core authors. Synthesis (green synthesis, facile synthesis, hydrothermal synthesis), sensing, photoluminescence, photocatalysis, composites, drug delivery, bioimaging, etc. appeared as the hot research topics on CD.