bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal anaemia and its impact on perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Lone F. W. , Qureshi R. N. , Emmanuel F.
Published: September 2021

Maternal anaemia is a common problem in pregnancy, particularly in developing countries. We investigated the relationship between maternal anaemia and perinatal outcome in a cohort of 629 pregnant women from October 2001 to 2002. Of these, 313 were anaemic [haemoglobin < 11 g/L]. Perinatal outcomes included preterm delivery, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, perinatal death, low Apgar scores and intrauterine fetal death. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. The risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight among the anaemic women was 4 and 1.9 times more respectively than the non-anaemic women. The neonates of anaemic women also had 1.8 times increased risk having low Apgar scores at 1 minute and there was a 3.7 greater risk of intrauterine fetal death among the anaemic women than the non-anaemic women
Knowledge, attitudes and sources of information on breastfeeding among medical professionals in Baghdad
Authors: Al Nassaj H. H. , Al Ward N. J. A. , Al Awqati N. A.
Published: September 2021

A questionnaire to assess doctors’ knowledge, attitudes and training about breastfeeding was answered by 320 medical students, 75 resident doctors and 50 general practitioners in Baghdad, Iraq. Although attitudes towards breastfeeding were generally positive, less than 50% of medics had adequate scores on knowledge questions [>/= 50% correct]. Most general practitioners [86.0%] agreed that breast-feeding was the preferred type of feeding compared with only 58.4% of medical students and 57.3% of resident doctors. General practitioners who had been on training courses scored better than those who had not. The main sources of breastfeeding information were community medicine and paediatric courses and the main modes of breastfeeding instruction were lectures and clinical sessions. Medical school curricula and residency training do not adequately prepare physicians for their role in breastfeeding promotion
The Impact of Covid-19 on Learning System Toward Quality Education: The Future of Global Education Outlook
Authors: Kalimanzila James , Mwaikuju Lwitiko Gladson , Ardana Reswari Girindra Putri
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to analysis the impact and challenges of covid-19 on learning system towards quality education. Currently, the World is facing pandemic COVID-19 which was experienced and appeared first in Wuhan-China around the end of 2019, it spread rapidly in the World. The COVID-19 pandemic has extraordinary impacts on education, economy, and other many sectors. However, the impacts will not only face and disturb only education sector, it will face other sectors including the future of work, healthcare, culture, economic, human relation among others. This paper collected data using qualitative method based on secondary information collected from various sources such as use of social media as document analysis methods, published and unpublished articles, newspapers, books, and reports of various education organizations, Universities sites and student forums. In this paper, the authors have analyzed the impact of the COVID- 19 on learning system.
Improvement surfactin production by substitution of promoters in Bacillus subtilis TD7
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Mu Bo-Zhong , Liu Fang-Fang ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Liu Yi-Fan ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Qiao Yi-Wei ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Guo Yu-Zhe ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Kuang Fang-Yue ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Lin Xiu-Qing ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Ye Jiang ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Liu Jin-Feng ,   Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Yang Shi-Zhong ,   Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Zhang Hui-Zhan ,   State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Sand Wolfgang ,   Biofilm Centre, University of Duisburg-Essen
Published: September 2021

Surfactin is one of the most representative biosurfactants and exhibits excellent surface activity plus other biological effects. It has potential applications in microbial enhanced oil recovery, environmental bioremediation, agricultural bio-control, pharmacy, cosmetics and food industries. The low yield of the surfactant from wild strains is a key restriction for industrial applications. The construction of genetically engineered bacteria by promoter substitution is an effective method to enhance surfactin production, as the promoter is a key element in gene expression. This study focuses on constructing strains with efficient surfactin production by replacing the native srfA promoter by strong promoters. In this study, two different promoter patterns with different homology arm positions were used for srfA promoter substitution. The most efficient installation way was identified as the sequence between the transcriptions start site and ribosome binding site of srfA. Moreover, eight endogenous strong auto-inducible phase-dependent promoters were chosen to substitute the native promoter of srfA using an effective substitution by the CRISPR-Cas9 system. As a result, high surfactin yielding strains with potential application in industry were constructed. According to the results, three constructed strains with promoters P43, PspoVG, and PyvyD showed increased yields of 3.5, 2.8, and 2.3 times over the wild stain B. subtilis TD7.
Blockchain-based secured traceability system for the agriculture supply chain of ginger in Nepal: A case study
Authors: Thapa Susan , Piras Gaetano , Thapa Sudesh , Rimal Pravesh , Thapa Aradhya , Adhikari Kushal
Published: September 2021

For the past few years, ginger export to India and through India to other countries has become a perennial problem for the farmers and traders. In this paper, we discuss about the impact of blockchain technology in ginger supply chain, which faces intermittent deterring of ginger worth millions in the Nepal-India border. Extensive literature reviews and execution of Delphi method in the study showed that blockchain as an emerging technology capable of transforming the food supply chain maintaining transparency in each step. In this paper, we study the potentiality of blockchain technology in transforming the ginger supply chain system through its potential benefits in Nepalese agriculture. The technology is capable of making various aspects of supply chain like tracing, monitoring and sustainability efficient. Thus, can reduce the trade-trust deficit between nations with technology.
Analisis Hubungan Berbagai Indeks Obesitas dengan Kadar Interleukin-6 pada Subjek Obesitas dan Non-obesitas Sentral
Authors: Tina Asni R , Kurniawan Liong B , Bahrun Uleng
Published: September 2021

Obesitas sentral adalah penumpukan lemak pada tubuh bagian abdomen yang diakibatkanoleh jumlah lemak berlebih. Interleukin-6 merupakan sitokin yang diekskresi oleh jaringanadiposa dan kadarnya meningkat pada obesitas sentral. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisishubungan indeks obesitas dengan kadar interleukin-6 pada obesitas sentral serta non obesitassentral. Responden dalam penelitian berjumlah 75 subjek yang di antaranya 20 subjek laki-lakidan 20 subjek perempuan obesitas sentral serta 20 subjek laki-laki dan 15 subjek perempuan nonobesitas sentral. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh (p < 0,001),lingkar pinggang (p < 0,001), lemak tubuh (p = 0,003) dan lemak viseral (p < 0,001) subjekobesitas sentral dengan obesitas non sentral. Hasil penelitian juga membuktikan bahwa IndeksMassa Tubuh (IMT), Lingkar Pinggang (LP), lemak tubuh dan lemak viseral tidak berkorelasidengan IL-6 pada subjek laki-laki dan pada subjek perempuan hanya lemak viseral yangberkorelasi dengan IL-6 (p = 0,043; r = 0,343). Simpulan penelitian, terdapat korelasi signifikanantara lemak viseral dan kadar IL-6 pada subjek perempuan obesitas sentral dan non obesitassentral.

Kata kunci: obesitas sentral; lemak viseral; lemak tubuh; interleukin-6
Karakteristik Pasien COVID-19 Rawat Inap di RS Immanuel Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Widjaja Jahja T , Kwee Limdawati , Giantara Andreas K , Suabgiyo Henry A , Edwin Christian , Putri Ranietha L
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dan ditetapkan sebagai pandemi pada Maret 2020. Manifestasi klinis COVID-19 bervariasi, pemeriksaan diagnostik dan tatalaksana juga mengalami perkembangan yang dinamis. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran karakteristik klinis, komorbiditas, terapi, dan luaran dari 48 pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat inap di RS Immanuel (RSI) Bandung. Data penelitian didapat dari rekam medik RSI periode Maret hingga Oktober 2020. Wanita lebih banyak terkena COVID-19 (54,2 %) dan 8,3% pasien berprofesi sebagai tenaga kesehatan. Rentang usia pasien COVID-19 terbanyak pada usia 51 – 60 tahun (29%). Gejala yang didapat adalah batuk (93,7%), demam (87,5%), sesak (43,7%), nyeri menelan (23%), mual (14,6%), pilek (8,3%), diare, dan anosmia masing-masing pada 6,25% pasien. Dari 48 pasien, didapatkan 12 pasien (25%) meninggal, 31 pasien (64,5%) sembuh, 3 pasien (6,25%) dirujuk, dan 2 pasien (4,16%) pulang atas permintaan sendiri. Mortalitas terbanyak ditemukan pada rentang usia 61 – 70 tahun (33,3%). Tercatat dua orang memilih terapi imunoglobulin intravena. Disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik pasien COVID-19 di RSI terbanyak adalah wanita, rentang usia 51 – 60 tahun, dengan gejala batuk, dan komorbid hipertensi. Mortalitas tercatat sebesar 25% dengan hipertensi dan usia lanjut merupakan komorbid terbanyak pada nonpenyintas COVID-19.Kata kunci: pasien COVID-19; karakteristik; Rumah Sakit Immanuel.
NEW DISTRIBUTION REPORT ON THE ALIEN SPECIES ARTEMISIA VERLOTIORUM LAMOTTE (ASTERACEAE-ANTHEMIDEAE) FROM GILGIT-BALTISTAN REGION OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Hussain Adil , Hayat Muhammad Qasim , Bokhari Syed Ali Imran
Published: September 2021

Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte (Asteraceae), a species described from Europe but native to East Asia is an alien and/or invasive species grow naturally in many European regions, North and South Africa, South America, Australia, New Zealand and Western Asia. In continuance to our work on Northeastern Pakistani Artemisia, here we report the first local occurrence of verlotiorum Lamotte. from Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan by investigating its geographical distribution and phylogenetic analysis. To date, we have observed the species in stony landscapes of Ghizer district of Gilgit-Baltistan. Phylogenetic analysis of Northeastern Pakistani A. verlotiorum with maximum likelihood approach using its internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and external transcribed spacer (ETS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) sequences showed its resemblance with other Artemisia species reported from different parts of the world. This species needs to be included in the rare plant species list in the flora of Pakistan and immediate conservative approaches should be adopted to impede its extinction from the country.
PALYNOLOGICAL PALYNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ALLERGENIC AND INVASIVE WEEDS PLANTS FOR BIODIVERSITY IN DISTRICT LAKKI MARWAT USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: Khan KHUSHDIL , Khan Fawad , Ahmad Shabir , Marwat KHAN BAHADAR
Published: September 2021

A total of 16 different allergenic and invasive weed species belonging to 12 different families collected from different areas of study area. Among the studied plants, most of the species belong to the Asteraceae family. For morphological studies of pollen through LM and SEM the samples were acetalized. We done the fieldwork for the collection of weed plants and also performed the experimental work i.e. SEM and LM for the pollen morphology. Most of the species recorded with pollen of tricolporate and echinate. Species belonging to Asteraceae were considered as most abundant and allergenic as compared to others. The maximum polar diameter was noted in the Convolvulus arvensis is 40.00 µm and the minimum were noted in Oxalis corniculata is 6.15 µm. Maximum exine thickness was noted in convolvulus arvensis is 3.70 µm and Minimum were noted in Sorghum halepense is 1.65 µm. It was noticed that most of the allergenic and invasive weeds found in plain areas of Lakki Marwat during September and April. Present study provides information about the allergenic and invasive weeds plants and their threats to biodiversity. The pollen of such weed plants causes asthma and atopy disease in humans.
HEXANE SOLUBLE BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF Chenopodium murale STEM
Authors: Naqvi Syeda Fakehha , Khan Iqra Haider , Javaid Arshad
Published: September 2021

Chenopodium murale L. is a common winter weed mostly growing along the road-sides. In the present study, n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of this weed was subjected to GC-MS analysis that showed the presence of 28 compounds in this fraction. Major compounds included oleic acid (16.55%), palmitic acid (11.22%), β-sitosterol (9.63%), hexadecanoic acid (7.71%) and methyl oleate (5.90%). Other prominent compounds were piperine (4.75%), nonacosane (4.69%), monoplalmitin (4.21%), γ-sitosterol (3.91%), methyl linoleate (3.88%), neocurdione (3.86%) and ethanonone (3.25%). The compounds such as stigmasterol (2.92%), 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2.78%), tetracosanoic acid (1.19%), stearic acid (1.36%), tridecanoic acid (1.35%), tridecanal (1.30%), phytol (1.29%), docosanoic acid, methyl ester (1.23%), octadecanoic acid (1.20%), 4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (1.05%), 2-hydroxy-2-phenylbutanamide (0.91%), hexacosanoic acid (0.76%), cholestrol (0.61%), methyl octacosanoate (0.55%) and tetracosanoic acid (0.30%) were present in low concentrations. A thorough literature survey showed that most of the identified compounds possessed antifungal and/or antibacterial properties while very few of them also possessed antioxidant potential. This study concludes that n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of C. murale is a big storehouse of antimicrobial compounds.
A, The Phytotoxic effects of Sonchus oleraceus L. on emergence and seedling growth of Echinocloa cruss-galli
Authors: Khan Bilal Ahmad , Nadeem Muhammad Ather , Anwar Saima , Maqbool Rizwan , Yasin Muhammad , Amin1 Muhammad Mohsin , Aziz5 Amir , Asif Muhammad , Hayyat Muhammad Sikander
Published: September 2021

The study was aimed to explore the phytotoxic potential of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the emergence and seedling growth of Echinocloa cruss-galli L. and quantification of allelochemicals present in leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus weed. The experiment comprised of aqueous extracts of leaf, roots and fruits applied at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v) along with a control (0%). Data regarding seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight was recorded. All the tested concentrations of all parts of S. oleraceus significantly inhibited the seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage (%) and growth and delayed mean emergence time and time taken to 50% emergence of E. cruss-galli weed. However, maximum mean emergence time (5.20 days) and time taken to 50% emergence (3.49 days), were noted at 8% concentration of fruit and leaf aqueous extract, respectively. Fruit aqueous extract at 8% concentration caused the lowest germination index (1.70), germination percentage (40%), root length (0.09 cm), shoot length (0.45 cm) and dry weight (0.16 g) of E. cruss-galli. Results suggested that the extract of S. oleraceus weed at concentration (8%) can be used as potential bio-herbicide for the control of E. cruss-galli weed.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Cannabis sativa AGAINST Aspergillus flavipes
Authors: Khan Iqra Haider , Javaid Arshad
Published: September 2021

Cannabis sativa L. is a medicinally important weed of family Cannabaceae generally grows along road-sides and waste-lends in Punjab, Pakistan. In the present study, antifungal effect of leaf extract of this weed was assessed against Aspergillus flavipes. Methanolic leaf extract of the weed was partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chloroform and n-hexane fractions causing 68–82%, 52–82% and 42–82% decrease in biomass of A. flavipes. Ethyl acetate showed a moderate antifungal potential while aqueous fraction showed the least antifungal activity causing 47–76% and 38–73% reduction in fungal biomass, respectively. This study concludes that n-butanol fraction of leaf extract of C. sativa is highly effective in controlling growth of A. flavipes.
IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC EVALUATION OF KARHEE WEED
Authors: Javed Shabnam , Shoaib Amna
Published: September 2021

Locally famous Karhee or Berre (Sorbaria tomentosa) exhibits medicinal value is large woody shrub indigenous to Pakistan. The present study examined the cytotoxic activities of S. tomentosa using methanolic extracts and fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water) against three cáncer cell lines (lung A-549, hepatocellular HepG2and urinary bladder EI-138). Cytotoxic assays were carried out with five different concentrations (0.05, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL) of methanolic extract and its sub fraction through MTT assay. Results revealed n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction being the most potent against all test cancer cell lines with higher IC50 values. Both fractions also exhibited the maximum reduction in the cell viability in dose dependent manner. Preliminary results suggest the promising anticancer potential of n-hexane and ethyl acetate S. tomentosa against lung A-549, hepatocellular HepG2and urinary bladder EI-138 cell lines. Further studies are required to know the mechanism(s) involved in the cell death.
Does Judge Has Ex Officio Rights In determining Mut’ah and Iddah?
Authors: Turatmiyah Sri , Syaifuddin Muhammad , Yahanan Annalisa , Febrian Febrian , Novera Arfianna
Published: September 2021

The research aims to analyze the factors why the Religious Court judges do not use their ex officio rights in divorce lawsuits. In divorce case, the defendant who does not have any knowledge about divorce laws generally does not ask for mut'ah and iddah to the plaintiff.  The question of this research is what factors caused the judges of Religious Court in South Sumatera, especially Palembang and Kayuagung do not exercise the ex officio rights in determining the quality of mut'ah and iddah due to divorce. This research used normative juridical method with empirical juridical through statute approach and case approach. The results show that during 2017 the Religious Court of Palembang used only once its ex officio rightwhile the Religious Court of Kayuagung did it three times. The reasons are: the judges grant only the petitum of the petitioner solely for the reason that the defendant party does not file a counter-claim, in which judge’s reasoning is based on Article 178 paragraph (3) HIR/189 paragraph (3) RBG that the judge is prohibited from giving a verdict which is more than being petitioned known as the ultra petitum partium, the wife's side as the defendant never attended the hearing, the wife never gave an answer or response to the argument in the application of the plaintiff, the wife was not present in the verdict (verstek), the wife of nusyuz, (does not do her duties as wife) the husband is economically insufficient, the wife does not want to demand the maintenance of mut'ah and iddah, the judge sees the causality. This study suggests that judges should exercise their ex officio rights and give advice as well sufficient information to the wife in order to fulfill her rights and interests as the result of the divorce.
Regulatory Issues on Raising Capital through Debentures by Public Companies in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Belayet
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, it is common for the loans to be aggregated as a lump sum, which is then advanced to the company by the trustees. In this situation, the lenders subscribe for debenture stock, sometimes called loan stock, out of the fund. As with shares, such stock forms part of the company’s securities, which can be traded in the Stock Exchange. The lenders might require security for their loans. In this situation, a company will charge its property to secure the loan. In light of the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom, this paper will analyze the various mechanisms whereby public companies raise money through debentures and the regulatory consequences of doing so. The companies legislation requires certain particulars of the charge to be registered. Therefore, this paper aims to reflect on: (a) how public companies borrow its capital through debentures or debenture stock; (b) what types of charge the public companies could issue to lenders as security; (c) how to differentiate between fixed and floating charges. This paper will also examine the question of priority among competing creditors and inconsistent decisions of the court regarding fixed and floating charges. The objectives of this paper are to: describe the meaning of ‘debenture', discuss the dispute relating granting a fixed charge over book debts, sketch the priority of charges and the statutory listing system, describe the meaning of book debts,  explain the character of and the differences between floating and fixed charges. This paper will provide recommendations that could be taken into consideration for future amendments of the Companies Act 2006.
Sensacionalismo y violencia en los medios escritos en el Ecuador // Sensationalism and violence in the written media in Ecuador
Authors: Viejó–Mora Israel , Cabezas–Pìta Víctor , Jimenez Bonilla Dennis Mauricio
Published: September 2021

La investigación parte del estudio del  modo en que  los medios escritos como son Diario La Verdad, El Milagreño, El Nacional, que circulan en la ciudad de Milagro, se apegan al sensacionalismo y violencia, en Ecuador,  como de las principales causas que motivan a un ciudadano a leer un periódico, y situacional, por el enfoque con que se argumenta para vender un periódico por parte de dueños de prensa escrita. Entre las técnicas utilizadas está el cuestionario que se aplicó a lectores de diarios y que consta de 9 preguntas, de las cuales 8 fueron cerradas y 1 abierta, adicional se estructuraron preguntas dirigidas a un editor, un dueño de un diario, un psicólogo y un sociólogo, por lo que la muestra es no probabilístico. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se evidencia que el 85% de los ciudadanos manifestó que los medios impresos de Milagro, proyectan violencia al momento de difundir la información, mientras que solo el 15% dice que no es así, mientras que los especialistas afirman que las noticias hay que publicarlas tal como son, siendo el ser humano por naturaleza curioso, y a su vez va a copiar el modelo de conducta social que se presente en su entorno. AbstractThe investigation is based on the study of the way in which written media such as Diario La Verdad, El Milagreño, El Nacional, circulating in the city of Milagro, are subject to sensationalism and violence, in Ecuador, as the main causes that motivate a citizen to read a newspaper, and situational, for the approach with which it is argued to sell a newspaper by owners of the written press. The questionnaire that was applied to readers of newspapers is among the techniques used and that consists of 9 questions, of which 8 were closed and 1 open, additional structured questions were addressed to an editor, a newspaper owner, a psychologist and a sociologist, so the sample is non-probabilistic. The results obtained showed that 85% of the citizens stated that the printed media of Milagro are projecting violence at the time of disseminating the information, while only 15% say that it is not, whereas the specialists affirm that the news must be published as they are, being human by nature curious, and in turn will copy the model of social behavior that occurs in their environment.
Conciliación
Authors: Ruiz-Gómez Gladis , Pérez Nuñez Mireya
Published: September 2021

Este artículo trata sobre la promoción de la cultura de paz, ya que es importante su difusión y aplicación para poner término a la violencia fratricida en Colombia. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la importancia de la implementación de uno de los Mecanismos Alternos de Solución de Conflicto (MASC) entre ellos la conciliación, como un elemento de pacificación que contribuye en el  desarrollo de la política  social de la cultura de paz en Colombia. El estudio se fundamentó en las siguientes fuentes: Constitución política de Colombia (1991), Gorjón Gómez, (2016), Molina Cano, (2014), Muñoz, y  López Martínez,  (2000), Martínez,  (2000). Galtung, (1998) entre otros. La investigación es documental enmarcada en el paradigma socio crítico,  el método empleado fue la hermenéutica. Se concluyó que los mecanismos alternos para la resolución de conflictos han dado buenos resultados en muchos países, que por la tanto se le debe dar una mayor promoción  en Colombia para desarrollar el pluralismo judicial y no concebirlo como un inconveniente para la justicia tradicional, la cual se presenta como ineficiente para resolver controversias de tipo comunal.
La homologación de la competencia profesional en el ámbito de los mecanismos alternativos de solucion de controversias
Authors: Rodríguez González Raquel
Published: September 2021

La competencia profesional es actualmente uno de los temas centrales en el contexto de cualquier actividad laboral, ya que dentro de los cambios constantes del contexto social surgen necesidades que exigen calidad de la formación especializada, condiciones propicias que evidentemente favorecen al ámbito de los Mecanismos Alternativos de Solución de Controversias, refiriendo en específico a la intervención del facilitador, la cual es una figura reconocida incluso en la legislación. Esta se ocupa en conducir a los intervinientes en conflicto a la creación de soluciones integrando para la actividad señalada los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos que la ley establece, a la vez de adherir una propia experiencia, competencia y disciplina. El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la necesidad de no perder el enfoque de la homologación de la competencia profesional de quienes en su deber ser y hacer contribuyan a la solución de controversias desde una perspectiva de reconocimiento profesional. Asimismo, se realizan propuestas en relación con la competencia disciplinar, dadas las profesiones diversas que se involucran y que asumen el rol de facilitador lo cual, si no se atiende bajo capacidades delineadas, generaran discrepancias con resultados no deseados, por lo que se resalta en el mismo sobre la importancia de intervenir en dichos procedimientos desde la formalidad profesional, y en un plano de conocimiento homologado y certificado en lo particular.
La mediación frente a condiciones laborales inicuas
Authors: Ramón Monje Luz Marina
Published: September 2021

La mediación al interior de las organizaciones, se ha ido posicionando en razón a su efectividad. Este artículo de investigación presenta un abordaje cualitativo al fenómeno de las condiciones laborales inicuas y analiza la viabilidad, por parte de sujetos expertos, del uso de la mediación como vía no solo a la resolución de estos conflictos que son cotidianos, sino también de la dinamización de las relaciones interpersonales en pro de una óptima cultura organizacional.
Análisis de los Ingresos Presupuestarios del Sector Público procedentes de los ingresos tributarios del Gobierno Federal y del petróleo y su incidencia en Producto Interno Bruto
Authors: López Ramirez Juan Francisco , Belendez Castañeda Mauricio
Published: September 2021

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de los ingresos del Gobierno Federal Mexicano procedentes de la tributación y del petróleo empleando un análisis estadístico de regresión lineal múltiple (RLM) utilizando la información histórica desde 1993 hasta el año 2019 como precedente de la influencia de estos ingresos sobre el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) de México. La modelización realizada tiene suficiencia estadística, asimismo las variables explicativas ingresos tributarios y petroleros a un nivel de confianza del noventa por ciento, con lo cual concluimos que existe influencia de los ingresos anteriormente mencionados sobre PIB de manera positiva y la magnitud de cambio que representaría una alteración de estos ingresos sobre el PIB. La principal aportación de este artículo es presentar un modelo estadístico como instrumento de análisis económico para el país, en coherencia a las condiciones históricas de los ingresos mencionados y su relevancia para la economía nacional.
Chernivtsi’s Squares and Monuments in the Context of Distinctive Buko- vinian Identity, Cultural Heritages and Urban Historical Memory
Authors: Bohatyrets Valentyna , Melnychuk Liubov
Published: September 2021

Since the twentieth century, the interdisciplinary field of ‘memory studies’ has become especially topical and drawn upon a variety of theoretical perspectives, while offering a plethora of empirical case studies exploring the politics of memory and urban space, cultural heritage and cultural identity that mould a space’s distinctiveness. This study draws on a comparative analysis to theoretically prove and develop a multifaceted memory of Chernivtsi’s significantly transformed and enriched urban landscape through an interdisciplinary approach involving various methods and instruments for handling the essential societal resources of history, memory and identity. The city of Chernivtsi and the region of Bukovina, historically part of Central Eastern Europe and geo-strategically the heart of Europe, has recently strengthened its voice in becoming culturally and economically bound to the European Union. As a well-preserved city ruled, at different times, by the Habsburg Empire (1900-1918), Romania (1918-1939) and the USSR (1940/41-1991), Chernivtsi (Czernowitz, Cernăuţi, Chernovtsy) serves as a case study for exploring the human fingerprints of every epoch. The city’s architectural diversity offers testimony as to how Chernivtsi’s urban society preserved its unique landscape of identity, embodied in a patchwork of ethnic, linguistic and confessional affiliations, while integrating representational claims and moderating its space. This study analyses the policies and practices of these three epochs in Chernivtsi’s history, in terms of how the city attempted to promote, develop and preserve its cultural heritage, while preserving the collective memory and shaping supranational identity.
Addenda to an Exhibition: About Urbanism and Heritage in the City of the Union
Authors:   Dumitran Daniel, Dumitran Daniel
Published: September 2021

The article presents the exhibition organized within the conference Cities of Union: Projects and urban developments after 1918 (Alba Iulia, 3-5 October 2019).
Centralized Grid electricity and distributed electricity: A case study of Nigeria
Authors: Olumide Adewole Towoju  , Oluwatoyin A Oladele
Published: September 2021

The push for the liberalization of the electricity market and the concern over climate change is an impetus for the call to a paradigm shift in electricity generation mode. Electricity generation can either be centralized or distributed. The major selling points for distributed electricity generation are energy security and greenhouse gas reduction. However, some other factors weigh an impact on electricity generation. Nigeria is a country battling to meet the electricity demand of its populace. Some of the identified factors are localized to Nigeria to come up with a suitable generation model. This study considers factors such as energy security and reliability, environmental impact, energy efficiency, cost, and rural electrification. These factors led to a basis to propose a suitable generation model for the country based on her peculiarities. Distributed electricity generation promises an edge over centralized electricity generation while considering energy security, efficiency, rural electrification, and capital investment cost. Distributed generation allows access to the deployment of clean energy. However, this is not to construe that its adoption will automatically guaranty reduced emissions.
Applying growth hormone as an adjuvant to correct poor prognosis outcomes in IVF: Study 2 compares dehydroepiandrosterone
Authors: John Lui Yovich  , Shanthi Srinivasan  , Mark Sillender  , Shipra Gaur  , Philip Rowlands  , Peter Michael Hinchliffe
Published: September 2021

This retrospective study examines the influence of recombinant growth hormone (rGH) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) adjuvants on oocyte numbers, embryo utilization and live births arising from 3637 autologous IVF±ICSI treatment cycles undertaken on 2376 women across ten years (2011-2020) within a pioneer Australian facility. Despite using an FSH-dosing algorithm enabling maximal doses up to 450 IU for women with reduced ovarian reserve, younger women had significantly higher mean numbers of oocytes recovered than older women ranging from 11.1 for women <35 years to 9.4 for women aged 35-39 years reducing to 6.5 for women aged 40-44 years and 4.1 for those aged ≥45 years (p<0.0001). Overall, the embryo utilization rate was 48.5% and live birth productivity rate was 35.4 % across all ages and neither rGH nor DHEA showed any benefit on these rates, in fact, those women with nil adjuvants showed the highest live birth rate per initiated cycle (44.94% overall: p<0.0001, and 55.2% for the youngest group: p<0.001). Embryo utilization was increased by rGH in those women aged 40-44 years who had low ovarian reserve (p<0.0001), but this benefit did not translate into any improvement in the live birth rate, in fact those women who did not use adjuvants had the highest overall birth rate (p<0.0001). Similarly, other factors known to cause a poor prognosis, including low IGF-1 profile, recurrent implantation failure, and low oocyte numbers at OPU, showed no improvement in embryo utilization nor in live births from the adjuvants. The relevance of embryo quality was examined on 1135 women whose residual embryos after a single fresh-embryo transfer failed to develop to a suitable grade for cryopreservation. From 1727 cycles such women often displayed an improved embryo utilization rate with both rGH, and with DHEA or combined rGH+DHEA. Even so, live birth rates were not improved by either of the adjuvants excepting young women <35 years using rGH without DHEA (p<0.05). Examining poor prognosis sub-groups, indicated both rGH and DHEA or combined rGH+DHEA consistently improved embryo utilization in those women with low ovarian reserve (p<0.0001), or those with low IGF-1 levels (p<0.0001) or with recurrent implantation failure (p<0.02). All the poor-prognosis sub-groups showed low live birth rates and, notwithstanding the improvements in embryo utilization, the live birth rates were not significantly improved by the adjuvants, albeit the rates were closer to the nil adjuvant groups (not significantly different).
Risk factor for phlebitis in a patient with peripheral intravenous catheters: a cohort study
Authors: Vivtin Agustiani Eka , Santosa Agus
Published: September 2021

Phlebitis is one of nosocomial infections that frequently occurred in hospitals. Phlebitis is mainly related with infusion and therapy. Many risk factors can cause phlebitis. The purpose of this study was to predict the prevalence of phlebitis in patients based on the causal factors in Banyumas Regional Hospital. The design of this study was an analytic survey of cohort approach, with a sample of 218 by using consecutive sampling. The study was conducted from November to December 2019 using checklist of observation sheets. The results demonstrates 5 phlebitis risk factors associated with the occurrence of phlebitis, namely the type of fluid (P = 0.011), nutritional status (P = 0.001), catheter size (P = 0.002), injection therapy (P = 0.027) and comorbidities (P = 0.003). The probability of 5 risk factors for the occurrence of phlebitis (88.28%) with nutritional status being the dominant factor (b = 3.928) with probability of (13.48%). To minimize the prevalence of phlebitis, the medical personnel may conduct initial phlebitis screening to determine accurate and appropriate preventive measures.
Analysis on factors affecting nausea and vomiting severity suffered by patients in the early phase of hemodialysis therapy
Authors: Rafi Fathurrohman Muhammad , Suparti Sri
Published: September 2021

Nausea and vomiting should be further checked and prevented, because these conditions can be a cause or complication during hemodialysis patients. Electrolyte and water imbalance (dehydration) can be considered as the main complication of nausea and vomiting itself. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence the severity of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This type of research is quantitative with analytic descriptive method, with an approach using a retrospective cohort research design. The sampling technique in this study was a total sampling technique with a total sample of 57 patients. The research instrument used questionnaires and observations, data analysis using the Chi Square test and simple logistic regression analysis. The location of the study was the hemodialysis therapy site at the Islamic Hospital in Purwokerto in January-February 2020. The results showed that most of the respondents with the severity of nausea and vomiting, the patient's diet was not balanced (61.4%), the excess fluid had edema (63.2%), the gender was male (59.6%), female (40.4%). %), age 18-65 (57.9%), duration of HD <12 months (64.9%) and 58 respondents> 12 months (35.1). The results of bivariate analysis using logistic regression, obtained p value of the patient's diet 0.009, excess fluid, age and sex 0.001 and the duration of HD 0.003. From this analysis, there are 5 factors that can cause the severity of nausea and vomiting, namely the patient's diet, excess fluidity, gender, age, and duration of HD.
Nurses perception to the implementation of therapeutic communication in intensive care unit
Authors: Ariyanti Neny , Suparti Sri
Published: September 2021

Therapeutic communication in intensive rooms was a therapeutic communication initiated by nurses to patients with intensive conditions whichrequired critical thinking, fast and precise measures in coping with each patient's needs. To figure out the nurses’ perceptions of the application of therapeutic communication in Intensive room.The study was qualitative phenomenological study, involving eight intensive care nurses participants from IGD, HCU, ICU and NICU. The inclusion criteria were nurses who had worked at least 1 year in the intensive unit, with a minimum education level of bachelor in nursing, through in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. There were 4 themes identified in the nurses’ perception of the application of therapeutic communication: communication to help the healing process, adaptation and information, stages, technical and benefits of communication. The communication which had not been widely explored wasthe one to help the patients' adaptation process to illness and the communication in emergency situations. The therapeutic communication model is adjusted to the goals and characteristics of patients. Especially for the patients in emergency condition, the nurses are required to have sensitivity and communication skills which have not been sufficiently explored. The communication tends to be directional, not interactive, while the non-verbal communication has not been carried out optimally.
Ilegal Fishing sebagai Ancaman Kedaulatan Bangsa
Authors: Amin Bendar
Published: September 2021

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state in the world where the sea area is larger than the mainland. The sea that seems to float island also contains marine wealth at its cranny like fish and other biota. A weak supervision toward the sea of Indonesia effects illegal fishing massively done by foriegn fishery corporations from neighbouring states, so that the illegal fishing makes budget state loss 300 trillion each year. More shockingly, the catched fish are brought to their country and then are exported to Indonesia at the cheap price, so threatens the price determained by local fishermen. An effort to stop the illegal fishing in Indonesia is that the government explicitly utilizes Act Number 45 Year 2009 about Fishery, Minister Regulation Number 2 Year 2015 about Tiger Trawl Usages, and other Acts, Government Regulation, and President Decision. Otherwise, based on the 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia, the 1975 Djuanda's Declaration, UNCLOS III Year 1982 about archipelagic concept of Indonesia, and Exclusively Economic Zone, the Government legally punishes actors of the illegal fishing by burning and sanking their ships to assert sovereignty of Indonesia. The Government’s legal action doesn't break the law, because it is in accordance with the national and international law.
Upaya Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 Tentang Jaminan Fidusia
Authors: Yelia Natasya Winstar  , Devie Rachmat Ali Hasan R
Published: September 2021

The Fiduciary Act should provide legal protection of the parties and legal certainty, but on the other hand there are still some weaknesses of the Fiduciary Act. This paper analyzes the weaknesses of Act Number 42 Year 1999 on Fiduciary and the need for revising the Act. The type of research is a normative legal research or library which includes a study of the principles of law and the systematics of law. The research uses the statute approach and the conceptual approach. Based on the analysis it can be concludde that it requires to revise the Fiduciary Act. Legislators should produce the law not only ensuring the legal certainty but they also can provide the law presenting justice and prosperity for the people. Revision of the Fiduciary Act is expected to provide maximum protection to the people who use the fiduciary as a guarantee agency; so that the justice will be obtained by the people to create a conducive atmosphere in the economy to increase the prosperity for them.
Praktik Akad Gadai dengan Jaminan Lahan /Sawah dan Gadai Emas di Kecamatan Mempura Kabupaten Siak Berdasarkan Hukum Islam
Authors: Muhammad Azani
Published: September 2021

Lien contract undertaken by the community in the District Mempura Siak is pledge of land/fields. However, whether the lien contract is in reality a pledge as described in Islamic law. The researched issues are focused on the level of understanding of the community in the District Mempura Siak about the sharia lien contract; the practice of pledge land/fields that has been done by the community in the District Mempura Siak; and the practice of buying gold then pawned again when the gold price higher. Results of research show that 1) the level of understanding of the community in the District Mempura Siak about sharia pawning is very well with indications that most of the community involved in the activity of sharia pawn can understand as an alternative financing based on Islamic law; 2) lien contract practice that has been done by the community in the District Mempura Siak is not the Sharia lien contract based Islamic law. Practice is more accurately described as muzara'ah, which is a form of cooperation between landowners and land managers with profits shared according to the agreement. 3) The practice of buying gold then pawned again at the time of high gold prices does not constitute as a lien contract practice based on Islamic law, but more as buying and selling gold. This practice has been in the category of speculation on the price of gold, as gold prices are subject to change-change according to market gold in the international market.
Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia kepada Etnis Rohingya di Myanmar
Authors: Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku
Published: September 2021

The occurrence of human rights violations against the Rohingya ethnicity in Myanmar has become an international concern. The Rohingya, who have lived for generations in this part of Myanmar, are not getting justice from the Myanmar government. The various human rights violations that have occurred are of course against the basic instruments of international law. This study aims to describe and analyze international human rights arrangements with regard to the protection of the Rohingya ethnicity, as well as any obstacles in providing protection for the Rohingya ethnic group so that no solution has been achieved in resolving these human rights violations. In this study, using a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, a case approach and an analysis approach. The type of legal material in this research is secondary data consisting of primary, secondary and non-legal materials. Then processed and analyzed using prescriptive methods. Based on the research results, it is known that legal protection of the Rohingya ethnicity in accordance with international human rights instruments has not been fulfilled because there are various obstacles in resolving the root of the conflict on human rights violations in Myanmar. Some of them are the reluctance of the Myanmar government to resolve cases of Rohingya ethnic human rights violations. In view of the lack of willingness of the Myanmar government to resolve cases of human rights violations, the UN criticized and attempted to carry out humanitarian intervention to resolve gross human rights violations against the Rohingya ethnic group. For this reason, this paper seeks to elaborate on what responsibilities the Myanmar government should provide for protection according to international human rights as well as what obstacles have caused cases of human rights violations against ethnic Rohingya to be resolved.
Leveraging the Rhetorical Energies of Machines: COVID-19, Misinformation, and Persuasive Labor
Authors: Coleman Miles
Published: September 2021

The rampant misinformation amid the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates an obvious need for persuasion. This article draws on the fields of digital rhetoric and rhetoric of science, technology, and medicine to explore the persuasive threats and opportunities machine communicators pose to public health. As a specific case, Alexa and the machine’s performative similarities to the Oracle at Delphi are tracked alongside the voice-based assistant’s further resonances with the discourses of expert systems to develop an account of the machine’s rhetorical energies. From here, machine communicators are discussed as optimal deliverers of inoculations against misinformation in light of the fact that their performances are attended by rhetorical energies that can enliven persuasions against misinformation.