bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE VIBRATIONS TRANSMITTED TO THE OPERATOR BY AN AXIAL FLOW HARVESTER COMBINE
Authors: BIRIȘ S.Şt. , CONSTANTIN A-M. , ANGHELACHE D. , GĂGEANU I. , CUJBESCU D. , NENCIU F. , VOICEA I. , MATEI Gh. , POPA L.D. , DUȚU M.F. , UNGUREANU N. , ŻELAZIŃSKI T. , PERIŞOARĂ L. , FODOREAN G.
Published: February 2023

Vibrations are dynamic phenomena occurring in elastic or quasi-elastic media after a local excitation and becoming manifested by propagating the excitation within the medium in the form of some elastic oscillations. Thus, depending on the phenomenon dynamics, there can be met vibrations with low variation frequencies, characteristic to the mechanical structures, structures in constructions and earthquake waves, as well as vibrations with high variation frequencies. The vibration measuring is performed on a straw cereal harvesting machine with an axial threshing apparatus ("CASE IH") in two conditions: in a stationary position and during work, by using transducers for each of the main working parts of the harvester: thresher, header (stripper), chassis and operator's chair. On the basis of the values of longitudinal, cross and vertical accelerations, measured at various frequencies in the two operating conditions of the harvester (at stationary and during work), the effect of the vibrations is established on each of these parts and, finally, cumulated, the vibrations sent to the operator's chair, the nomograms following to be traced and to be established the range with the limits up to which these are not dangerous for the operator's health.
Understanding the physiological, genetic and molecular basis of nitrogen deficiency tolerance and their application in rice improvement
Authors: Harika A , R Dhandapani , Kumar Sudhir , S Lekshmy , T Vinutha , KE Ranjith , Kumar Mahesh , D Madhurima , Sahoo RN , C Viswanathan
Published: February 2023

Nitrogen (N) is a major nutrient required for growth and yield of rice plants. Several factors including plant, edapic and climate conditions influence the criticle yield response curve of the plants. Apart from breeding for N responsive rice varieties, excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers have become a general farmers practice to boost rice productivity under intensive cropping system. Now, it is imperative to orient the crop improvement programme for sustainable crop production strategy as well as to achieve the evergreen revolution through improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under global climate change condition. To develop N-efficient rice varieties under crop breeding programs, it is crucial to comprehend the physiological, genetic and molecular features associated with tolerance to nitrogen deprivation. It has always been challenging for a rice breeders to develop rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), as it is highly complex physiological trait involving several component traits and its dynamic interaction with environemental factor. NUE is a polygenic traits controlled by number of quantitative trait loci's at genomic level. Till date, researchers targeted component traits for increasing NUE such as, nitrogen uptake/absorption, transport from root to shoot, assimilation, utilisation, remobilisation, reasssssmilation and partitioning /redistribution. Here, we described a short summary of the physiological, genetic and molecular underpinnings of nitrogen deficit tolerance and how these prior art information can be used for improving NUE in rice. Insight from our discussions may facilitate the breeders to improve the NUE of rice plants in future.
ICT application for promotion of integrated farming system
Authors: Jha BK , Kumar Anup , Kumari Shweta , Kumari Neetu
Published: February 2023

ICT is an umbrella term that includes communication devices like computer, mobile phone, radio, television, network hardware, satellite system etc. as well as services like audio and video call, text and multimedia messages. During first decade of twenty- first century, there had been spurt in experimentation of ICT in agriculture by the government, private, co-operative and non-government organizations (NGOs). The initiatives gave mixed result of success and failures. The initial challenges like lack of power back up, poor connectivity, high cost, lack of computer literacy and absence of digital content are disappearing at a faster rate. The growth in network infrastructure, cloud computing, decreasing price of computer and mobile phone and digital literacy have increased the internet access. The present-day initiatives involve multiple channels like web, mobile app, SMS and IVR in multiple languages. At the same time the gamut of information has been increasing from crop specific information to value chain information. The emergence of social media has opened new vista for agricultural extension through which two-way information in multimedia format can be exchanged at virtually no cost. These technologies can effectively be used for promotion of IFS. However, the response of research and extension system is not very encouraging. The extension professionals should gear up to develop technical competence and exposure so that content could be developed as per channel and in local language of the clients. The frontier technologies like sensor based diagnostic equipments, remote sensing and GIS, GPS technology as well as robotics and drone in agriculture are poised to change the landscape of agricultural extension.
Impacto da Pandemia de COVID-19 nos Departamentos de Radioterapia no Brasil
Authors: Arthur Accioly
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe diversos desafios para a prática oncológica, principalmente em garantir a continuidade do tratamento nesse período e minimizar os riscos de transmissão a uma população vulnerável. Para os serviços de oncologia de radiação no Brasil, essa contingência se tornou ainda mais complexa devido ao efeito significativo observado em diferentes setores da sociedade e ao grande número de casos e mortes por COVID-19. Este estudo estimou o efeito da pandemia de COVID-19 nos departamentos brasileiros de oncologia por radiação e as medidas de enfrentamento utilizadas no país. Métodos e Materiais: A Sociedade Brasileira de Radioterapia desenvolveu um questionário, com 14 perguntas, que foi enviado a todos os chefes de serviços de oncologia de radiação do país entre maio e junho de 2020. Esses dados foram avaliados em casos confirmados e óbitos por COVID-19 em estudos epidemiológicos semana 28, em 11 de julho de 2020. Resultados: Foram respondidos 126 questionários de diferentes regiões, representando 44% dos serviços do país. A queda no número de pacientes foi observada em 61% dos serviços. Essa queda foi observada tanto em pacientes da rede pública quanto de planos de saúde privadosna rede suplementar. Em relação aos pacientes e funcionários com COVID-19, observamos que os serviços que atendem prioritariamente pacientes do Sistema Único de Saúde relataram significativamente menos casos da doença. Cerca de metade dos serviços possuíam colaboradores e pacientes em radioterapia com diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19. Dentre as medidas de enfrentamento, os serviços utilizaram práticas intensificadas de higiene e limpeza, distanciamento interpessoal, restrição de acesso a acompanhantes e outras mudanças na prática diária. Conclusões: Assim, houve uma queda importante no número de pacientes em radioterapia no país durante a pandemia, e esse efeito foi semelhante entre os serviços, independentemente das características dos pacientes e das medidas de enfrentamento dos setores adotadas durante a pandemia.
Features of taxation and reporting during the effect of marital state as the basis of supporting small and medium-sized businesses
Authors: Kyrnychna Viktoriia , Rasborska Olena
Published: February 2023

Introduction. An effective tax policy is one of the most important components of the accounting and tax system in the modern conditions of martial law in Ukraine to ensure the viability and functioning of business. This issue is particularly urgent regarding the support of small and medium-sized business entities, since the conditions of uncertainty against the background of military aggression by the Russian Federation have meant the need to develop a new taxation system for these categories of businesses as the most mobile for moving to territories with favorable conditions. That is why the issue of optimizing the accounting and tax system and reporting became the main issue during the development, approval and changes of the latest legislative norms regarding the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. These changes, accordingly, require an analysis and assessment of the facilitation of providing tax payer categories with opportunities to fulfill their tax obligations according to the criteria for their recognition.
The purpose is to research in the system of taxation and reporting the features of the impact of "war changes" on the accounting policy of small and medium-sized business entities, arguments regarding the use of features of taxation, the taxpayer's application of his right not to pay a single tax and the inability to ensure the fulfillment of tax obligations.
Method (methodology). Scientific methods and approaches were used in the work, in particular, modeling and analysis of tax legislation regarding amendments to the PC of Ukraine and other legislative acts of Ukraine regarding the effect of norms in the wartime period; grouping and comparison of groups of single tax payers according to recognition criteria before and after "military changes", as well as a tabular method for interpreting the conducted analysis in a visual form.
Results. The tax legislation in effect during the war period in Ukraine regarding categories of taxpayers in accordance with their ability to fulfill tax obligations was studied and analyzed; summarized and systematized the results of the comparison of the criteria for recognition of groups of single tax payers before and after the "military changes" for the purpose of using the right not to pay EP and/or ECV and their minimization in relation to the 3 groups with tax peculiarities.
The household waste management tariff in Ukraine and its effect on the waste management performance indicators
Authors: Elrabay’a Daker Taha Dib
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The article analyzes the efficiency of household waste management in Ukraine and summarizes the conclusions. The results are compared with the results in the European Union and the main differences are highlighted. The hypothesis that waste management tariffs are insufficient to stimulate change and achieve the desired waste disposal and recycling targets is considered, and conclusions are drawn.
The aim of the article. The aim of the research to analyze relation between the poor household waste management results and the organizational and financial aspects in Ukraine. The reference indicators to compare with are the official reported household waste management data and the results of own research in the advanced European countries.
The method. The research analyzes all the available official data, related to the household waste generation rates in the Ukrainian cities, and the treatment methods implemented to avoid their accumulation in landfills. Furthermore, this article explores into the waste management tariffs formation methods in the various Ukrainian regions, and finally, concludes the average household waste management cost per ton. Finally, the share of the household waste management cost in the annual income per ca pita in Ukraine is compared with the same ratio in three advanced European countries: Germany; Switzerland and; Netherlands.
Results. The research analyzed the household waste mass flow in Ukraine and found out that more than 99% of it ends up in the landfills, while this value in European Union is less than 25%. Further analyses were conducted to understand the efficiency of the installed household waste treatment infatuation and the results showed it was unsatisfactory (less than 25%). In the final part of the research, the tariffs in Ukraine were compared to those in Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands, and it was concluded that the tariffs in Ukraine are too low to justify the installation of adequate infrastructure and build sufficient sorting and recycling facilities.
Practice of submitting budget requests in the information and software complex «local budget»
Authors: Hordei Oksana , Riabokin Maryna , Novytska Olena , Kotukh Yevhen , Bluma Oleksiy
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Budget planning in Ukraine takes place according to the program-target method of budgeting. Prior to the drafting of budget requests, the chief manager of funds outlines the priority directions for the use of budget resources, the goals of state policy, which are determined in accordance with the budget declaration, as well as the performance indicators that characterize the budget program.
The purpose of the article is to illustrate the process of submitting budget requests using the "Local Budget" information and software complex.
Method (methodology). Methodology for the development of the software of the IPC "Local budget" for the implementation of the budget process, in particular, the study of the practice of submitting budget requests. Use of the program-target method in the budgeting process.
The results. Budget programs are an integral part of implementing the budget process, using the program-target method of budget planning. Chief managers of budget funds develop budget requests for submission to the local financial body within the time limits set by it, based on the instructions for preparing budget requests for the planned and the two following budget periods.
Conclusions. IPC "Local Budget" ensures the timeliness and transparency of the process of submitting budget requests, which allows timely and high-quality execution of all subsequent stages of the budget process. The interdependence of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine and local financial bodies in the process of submitting budget requests consists in the mandatory transfer of the marginal indicators contained in the budget request to the LOGICA information and analytical system (IAS).
Payments flows system-dynamic model for assessing the efficiency of leasing operations
Authors: Hrytsenko Кostiantyn , Hrytsenko Avhusta
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the financial leasing effeciency issues for Ukraine is due to the fact that its economic and social development is largely influenced by the amount of investment in the fixed assets of enterprises, which ensures their competitiveness, contributes to the development of small and medium-sized businesses and the creation of new jobs. The main factor in the attractiveness of leasing operations for the lessee is the amount of leasing payments. The efficiency of leasing operations for the lessee can be determined by comparing the total amount paid under the leasing agreement with the cost of the bank credit. In this context, the application of simulation modeling, in particular such an approach as system dynamics, is relevant to support decision-making in the field of financial leasing.
The purpose of the work is to investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of the calculation of leasing payments, to build a system-dynamic model of payment flows for assessing the efficiency of leasing operations, in the calculation of which depreciation assignments are сonsidered according to current legislation.
Methodology. To achieve the goal, general scientific methods of theoretical generalization and comparison, methods of induction and deduction were applied – for the analysis of methodical approaches to the calculation of leasing payments, tools of system dynamics – for the analysis and modeling of payment flows of financial leasing and bank credit. We used the methods of calculating depreciation of leased property provided by the current legislation in the calculations of leasing payments.
Results. The article discusses the issue of system-dynamic modeling of payment flows of financial leasing and bank credit for assessing the effeciency of leasing operations. The main problems related to the calculation of leasing payments are summarized. It has been established that the use of non-linear depreciation methods in calculations, in particular the method of reducing the residual value, leads to lower costs for the lessee and an increase in the efficiency of the leasing operation for the lessee.
Features of teaching staff management in higher educational institutions of Ukraine: past and present realities
Authors: Kaminsky Bohdan
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The article examines the peculiarities of the management of the teaching staff of several state universities of the Western region of Ukraine in the pre-war and present-day period. It was determined that with the skillful use of various forms of stimulation, there are hidden huge reserves of increasing the efficiency of personnel management of higher education institutions.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify positive and negative aspects of personnel management at different hierarchical levels and key problems of personnel interaction in several state universities of the Western region, activation of their creative potential and integration of employee interests and expectations in modern conditions.
Method (methodology). In the conducted research, emphasis is placed on the comparison of the results of the sociological (questionnaire) survey of the personnel of universities of the Western region of Ukraine for the past years and the realities of today.
Results. A comparison of the features of the management of the teaching staff of several state universities of the Western region of Ukraine in the pre-war period and today is carried out. The opinions of employees of certain universities of the Western region of Ukraine on the issues of professional training of personnel, material and technical support of universities, the degree of awareness of employees, the effectiveness of group forms of work, satisfaction with the moral and psychological climate of the organization, the active participation of the employee in the activities of the team, remuneration, competence of managers, efficiency applied methods of management and stimulation of personnel activity.
Apreensões e desafios na educação inclusiva: discussões a partir de atividades propostas em aulas de Geometria Analítica
Authors: Henrichsen Luana , Roncaglio Viviane , Marchezan Analice
Published: February 2023

Esta escrita tem por objetivo analisar as apreensões de licenciandos em Matemática ao serem desafiados a planejar atividades na disciplina de Geometria Analítica, com vistas às especificidades de alunos PcD (Cegos ou surdos) incluídos em sala de aula regular. O estudo está ancorado em um referencial teórico sobre as leis de inclusão, os desafios dos professores com a inclusão de alunos PcD em sala de aula regular e o olhar sensível destes professores com o processo de inclusão. A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma qualitativa, dados estes produzidos a partir da apresentação das atividades propostas pelos futuros professores, em que foi realizada a transcrições dos relatos dos licenciandos que se colocaram no lugar destes alunos incluídos, e dos grupos que propuseram estas atividades. Foi possível verificar através dos feedbacks dos futuros professores, indícios de insegurança e medo em virtude da falta de preparação durante a trajetória acadêmica, ou seja, dos poucos componentes curriculares voltados à área inclusiva. Ademais, pode-se perceber que esses profissionais em formação buscam pela empatia ao se colocarem no lugar dos alunos incluídos e se mostram dispostos a encarar este grande desafio que é a inclusão no ensino regular. Os licenciandos sentiram-se instigados a desenvolverem o pensamento crítico e isso fez com que os mesmos se integrassem mais às práticas inclusivas, fazendo com que nosso objetivo fosse além do que almejávamos.
Basic study on a filtering method for selectively extracting cavitation bubble region in ultrasound imaging by triplet pulse sequence
Authors: Kuji Shota , Umemura Shin-ichiro , Yoshizawa Shin
Published: February 2023

In the high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment enhanced by cavitation bubbles, monitoring cavitation bubbles is important to ensure the safety and efficacy of the treatment. In previous studies, a triplet pulse sequence (3P) was proposed to extract nonlinear echoes from bubbles. However, it was difficult to distinguish between the bubble component and the component from strong scatterers. In this study, in addition to 3P method, a filtering method to effectively extract cavitation bubble regions was proposed, and its effectiveness was experimentally examined. The proposed method extracts cavitation bubbles by setting a threshold value for the ratio of the amplitude from a 3P image to that from a 1P image (3P/1P). Under the conditions in this study (imaging frequency:2.45 MHz), the proposed can filter out the regions without bubbles by performing 3P/1P with the average values in the region of interest (2 × 2 mm2) and setting a threshold of −20 dB.
High power transmission efficiency of wireless power transfer system using high-quality factor superconducting bulk coil
Authors: Oshimoto Natsuka , Sakuma Keita , Ono Satoshi , Sekiya Naoto
Published: February 2023

We developed a high-quality-factor high-temperature superconducting (HTS) bulk coil to increase the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. We proposed the resonant frequency tuning by using the two sapphire substrates thickness of coil support. The configuration of a 65 mm diameter HTS bulk coil was optimized to a resonant frequency of 64 MHz. The measured quality factor of the HTS bulk coil was 9,431, which is 12 times that of the copper coil. At the transfer distance of 20 cm, the measured PTE of the WPT system using HTS bulk coils and one using copper coils were 74.8% and 20.6%, respectively.
INTERCONNECTION OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL INDEX AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY
Authors:   Melitopol Institute of Publik and Municipal Administration of the “Classic Private University”, Kolomiiets Viktoriia
Published: February 2023

Existing studies of human capital and the development of the country's institutional system have been analyzed. For the first time, the connection between the human capital index and the development of the country's institutional system has been shown. A system of indicators related to human capital has been compiled: political-legal, economic, social and institutional. They describe the interconnection between the development of human capital and the state of the institutional system. A model for evaluating the development of human capital is proposed. Firstly, it examines indicators of the development of the country's institutional system, and secondly, it establishes the relationship between capital development and the institutional system. This makes it possible to predict the dynamism of human capital development depending on various changes, and to predict the direction of the state in relation to the steady improvement of the economy and other areas.An expert method of analysis was applied. Multiple correlation-regression analysis methods are used for multifactorial models and phenomena. They helped to study and quantify the internal and external consequential relationships between factors and the resulting feature; to investigate the regularities of functioning, trends in the development of the result; establish the density of the relationship between the development of human capital and the institutional system of the country. Thus, the goal of the research was achieved – to establish a connection between the human capital index and the development of the country's institutional system.
STUDY ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LAURUS NOBILIS LEAVES WATER EXTRACT ON SOME ISOLATES OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
Authors: B. H. Saleh  , H.N. Yahya  , R N. Ibrahim
Published: February 2023

This study was aimed to isolation of pathogenic bacteria from different clinical cases like burns, wounds &UTI infections, then study the antimicrobial activity of Laurus nobilis leaves water extract on it. From a total of (80) samples were taken from these cases, the most isolated bacteria were related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staph aureus & Escherichia coli. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done for isolated bacteria against (9) antibiotic and most of them revealed sensitivity to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin& trimethoprim/ sulphamethoxazole. Different concentration of Laurus nobilis leaves water extract (25, 50, 100, 200) mg/ml were tested for detection its antibacterial activity against isolated bacteria .Results revealed that concentration (50, 100, 200) mg/ml revealed high antibacterial activity against Staph aureus & Klebsiella pneumoniae, also showed intermediate level against Escherichia coli, while higher concentration only (100, 200) mg/ml of extract revealed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ALGAL STUDY IN SPRINGS AND STREAMS IN SHAQLAWA DISTRICT, ERBIL PROVINCE-IRAQ III- CHLOROPHYCEAE WITHOUT ZYGNEMATALES
Authors: Janan. J. Toma  , Farhad. H. Aziz
Published: February 2023

Freshwater algae (Chlorophyceae-except Zygnematales) were collected from 18 sites (12 springs and 6 streams) in Shaqlawa district within Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq from September-2019 to August-2020. Aim of this study isolation and identification new algal species. 27 new algal genera with 40 species records at first time in Kurdistan Region and others provinces of Iraq, which include the following, Scenedesmus considered the most abundance than others algae which seven species identified followed by genus of Chlamydomonas, genus of Chlorophyceae, genus of Characium with three species for each one recorded, but genera Geminella have two species, finally the remaining genera have one species identified for each one
A STUDY OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF THE HIGH-RANK WHEAT SEEDS
Authors: Eskander. H. Ali  , D. A. Abu Duaila  , M. KH. Mohammed
Published: February 2023

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of economic, social and institutional factors on adoption within the national program for the propagation of high-rank seeds of wheat crop. 170 questionnaires were collected, 50% of them were participants in the program from Wasit and Babil governorates. Probabilistic regression models were used to know this effect, and the possibility of adopting Farmers of improved seeds produced from the national program for the multiplication of seeds of higher grades using the (ADOPT) program. The adoption rate was 0.12%, and the total number of adopters were 12 farmers, at a rate of 14.2%. Tobit model was estimated  to find out the impact of the profitability of the dunum, capital, farm size, education, type of tenure, and the number of adoption cycles expressed by 1 in the case of adoption and 0 otherwise. It was found that the increase in the size of the farm and the profitability of the dunum by one unit, the probability of adoption will increase by 5.6 and 2.3, respectively. The results of the ADOPT analysis showed that after the first (5) passes after the launch of the program’s seeds and the farmers’ knowledge of its existence, the adoption rate is expected to reach about (90.9%) of farmers, and reaching the top of adoption, which reaches about (95%) of farmers, requires a period up to about (7.4) years. The size of the initial cost of the investment in relation to the potential annual returns from the use of the technology: The size of the initial investment is (low) cost, the seeds produced from the program had  a lower cost than the imported seeds and are competitive with them in quality, purity, and desirable genetic characteristics  , so the cost the initial investment for these seeds is small compared to the expected return from the seed output.
Extracting Classification Boolean Rules with Probabilities from Neural Networks
Authors: Hwang Chunkai , Oyang Yen-Jen
Published: February 2023

For classification problems, neural networks are well known for high accuracy in comparison to traditional statistical methods such as logistic regression and discriminant analysis. It is even better than other algorithms such as decision trees and Bayesian networks. However, the knowledge learned by the neural networks is stored in the hierarchical functional mapping of the structures of neural networks and the weight and bias parameters. It is not easy for people to understand its black-box decision process. In this research, we extract probabilistic Boolean classification rules from neural networks. The ruleset model can be tuned to a specified sensitivity according to different thresholds. In addition, we can compute a weighted important factor for each attribute that composes the Boolean rules. The weighted important factor is a numeric number between 0 and 1. If the weighted important factor is 0, it means the corresponding attribute is a noise signal. Hence, the weighted important features can be filtered out with a given threshold.

From the linearly and nonlinearly separable simulation datasets, we find that the accuracy of PBCR1 and PBCR2 are better than neural networks even with a 1/10 training ratio. From UCI machine learning datasets, we find that the AUC of PBCR1 and PBCR2 will be a little lower than the AUC of neural networks. However, on the accuracy metric, from red wine and white wine datasets, PBCR1 and PBCR2 are almost the same with neural networks. The accuracies of PBCR1 and PBCR2 are superior to DT by a statistically significant margin. For the F1 score, PBCR1 and PBCR2 are statistically significantly better than DT on red wine, white wine, and PID datasets.
War and Self Defence in Contemporary Just War Theory: A Philosophical Critique of Collectivist Account
Authors: Azad Mohammad
Published: February 2023

The nature and degree of the link between self-defense and war are sources of great debate in modern just war theory. The thinkers who are called collectivists contend that war should be seen as a relationship between collectives rather than between individuals. As a result, we must see soldiers' activities as being performed on behalf of the group as a whole. As a result, we are unable to evaluate their behaviours using the same criteria that we use for individual behaviour. Reductive individualists, on the opposite side, contend that the laws controlling killing in war may be reduced to the laws governing killing in everyday life and that these laws are based on people's rights and obligations. According to the individualist perspective, killing does not change a person's moral character only because it is done often or for political reasons. To support the individualist explanation of self-defense and war, I will provide a philosophical criticism of the collectivist account in this essay. This will be done in agreement with Jeff McMahan's opinions and with reference to him.
Revitalizing Education through Digitalization: Its Pros and Cons
Authors: Chidinma Dr. Abe Ezinne , Matthew Dr. Ogeh Obitor Wizoma
Published: February 2023

This study examined the pros and cons of revitalizing education through digitalization. This work aimed at establishing the essence of the innovative idea of revitalizing education through digitalization by stipulating both its benefits and its detriments. This aim was made possible through the review of four (4) concepts to support the purpose of this study. The concepts reviewed brought about the interconnection between several intervening variables that help to understand the relationship between the main variables of the topic to ascertain the relationship as well as necessary requirements and impediments towards achieving it fully. It was found out that revitalizing education is easily made possible via digitalization, which has been made evident in some educational institutions in the society. It was concluded that the innovative idea of revitalizing education through digitalization concepts is a very much welcomed idea with much consideration towards the benefits that are attached to it but it has not been fully actualized based on some misappropriation constraints by respective concerned bodies for the development of educational system in the society. It was then recommended that educational instructors should create avenues by which digital technologies can be appropriately utilized for the sole purpose of achieving efficient and effective educational processes. It was also recommended that government and other concerned bodies should also create avenues for workshop trainings on digitalizing education towards equipping educational instructors on its concepts and their implementation.
Effectiveness of Milk Thistle on Human Body against Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Samee Abdus , Amir Rai Muhammad , Ahmad Asif , Watto Fahad Masoud , Ali Mudasir , Azam Muhammad Tauseef , Sheeraz Muhammad , Fatima Haya , Zahoor Zunaira , Zahid Maryyam , Ashraf Hina
Published: February 2023

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) is a baceous plant that belongs to the Asteraceae (daisy) family and is a member of the Carduae clan. Since antiquity, a several diseases has been treated by milk thistle such as to treat liver problems, spleen problems, gallbladder problems, hepatitis, and gallstones. Milk thistle seeds are utilized in herbal remedies, and there are six flavonolignans that make up silymarins: silychristin, silydianin, silybin A& B, isosilybin A & B. Because of its membrane-stabilizing qualities, silymarin is effective in chronic liver disorders. Many disorders, such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertenshaion, and anti- Alzheimer's, are caused by S. Marianum. Milk thistle is now utilized in a diversity of supplements, including oil seed and capsules of soft gel.
Assessment of Biochemical Parameters in Sudanese Male Cigarette Smoker in Khartoum State in Omdurman
Authors: Ali Mohammed Abdalsalam Ahmed , Elmukashfi Salman Taha Ahmed , Modawe Gad Allah Osman H.
Published: February 2023

Background: Hundreds of thousands around the world die from a disease caused by smoking cigarettes. Cigarette smoking (CS) is considered a worldwide major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. The main clinical consequences of prolonged exposure to CS are chronic respiratory diseases, increased incidence of a variety of cancers, cigarette smoking had a dangerous effect on the essential biochemical mechanisms on the human body. Objective: This study aimed to assess the liver function in Sudanese male cigarettes smoker to identify the influence of cigarettes smoking on the level of their parameters. Material and methods: The study was designed as case control and include 81 samples, which is divided into case (51 samples) and control group (30 samples). The data collected by the use of questionnaire and blood specimens, and the levels of the parameters is measured by A15 automation spectrophotometer. Then the collected data is analyzed by the use of SPSS. Results: The results of the study showed statistically significant increase in total bilirubin and liver enzymes in case group when compared with control group. The mean of plasma total bilirubin, GOT (AST), GPT (ALT), and ALP levels in case group is (0.663, 26.49, 18.82 and 159.27) and in control group is (0.543, 23.00, 14.30 and 146.63) with p. value (0.001, 0.041, 0.004 and 0.000) respectively. And showed statistically insignificant decrease in total protein and albumin in case group when compared with control group, the means of total protein and albumin in case group is (66.47 and 33.73) and in control group is (68.30 and 34.43) with p. value (0.322 and 0.403) respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was significant increase in liver enzymes (GOT, GPT, and ALP) and total bilirubin in cigarette smoking. And significant decrease in total protein and albumin, in cigarette smoking when compared to nonsmoking.
Evaluation of Current Investigations and Future Directions in White-Collar Crime
Authors: Sarkar Swati
Published: February 2023

Background: White-collar crime refers to illegal activities that individuals or organizations commit during business or professional activities. These crimes are often financially motivated and include embezzlement, fraud, bribery, money laundering, and insider trading. White-collar crime can have significant consequences for individuals, organizations, and society. Objectives: The objectives of research on white-collar crime may include understanding the motivations and behaviors of those who engage in such activities and identifying the organizational and societal factors. That contributes to the prevalence of white-collar crime and the development of new methods for detecting and preventing white-collar crime. Method: This review highlights and assesses recent (primarily during the past decade) contributions to white-collar crime theory, new evidence regarding the sentencing and punishment of white-collar offenders, and controversies surrounding crime prevention and control policies. Several promising new directions for white-collar crime research are identified, as are methodological and data deficiencies that limit progress. Results: The results of a study on white-collar crime can vary depending on the specific research question and methods used. However, some common findings include the prevalence of certain types of white-collar crime, the characteristics of individuals and organizations that are most likely to engage in such activities, and the impact of white-collar crime on individuals, organizations, and society as a whole. Conclusion: The research conclusion on white-collar crime may summarize the main findings, highlight the implications of the research, and make recommendations for future research. Evaluation of Current Investigations and Future Directions: Current investigations on white-collar crime have greatly improved our understanding of white-collar offenders' motivations, behaviors and methods. However, there are still areas that need further exploration, such as the study of the psychological profiles of white-collar offenders, the impact of technology on white-collar crime and its detection, and the examination of the role of organizational culture in the commission of the white-collar crime. It is also crucial to focus on the development of effective interventions and policies to prevent white-collar crime from happening. Future research may also consider the global and cross-cultural dimensions of white-collar crime.
Legal Regulations to Protect Availability of Sustainable Food Farming Land
Authors: Kermite Jeany Anita , Karwur Grace Mouren Febiola , Frederik Wulanmas A.P.G , Palilingan Toar Kamang Ronald
Published: February 2023

Protection of agricultural land, especially sustainable food agricultural land has become an obligation for the government to make various policies, both in the form of laws and other regulations. However, if the efforts to control food agricultural land do not receive adequate support or are not integrated into the integrated development of the agricultural sector, these efforts will not succeed. This research uses a descriptive method is a method that examines the status of human groups, an object and a condition, a system of thought or an event in the present. It was conducted in North Sulawesi Province as a research location based on the reality of the many spatial problems in this area. The results showed that the implementation of LP2B in North Sulawesi Province is only in planning and has not been implemented properly by the local government or the Land Office in the implementation of land conversion because there is no regional regulation that stipulates LP2B and there is no map available as a reference in controlling the conversion of agricultural land in North Sulawesi Province. Efforts that can be made in optimizing the implementation of control over land use change through LP2B are the effectiveness of communication, socialization, coordination between agencies, formation of the LP2B team, capacity building of resources that are implementing policies, and financial resources. The government of North Sulawesi Provincial needs to form a Regional Regulation on sustainable agricultural food land accompanied by a map attachment so that it does not create uncertainty in its implementation.
Ks. Edward Kozłowski (1888-1940) – działacz społeczny, dyrektor Katolickiej Szkoły Społecznej w Poznaniu
Authors: Brenk Mikołaj
Published: February 2023

Ksiądz Edward Kozłowski był jednym z katolickich działaczy społecznych okresu międzywojennego w Poznaniu. Dorastał i kształtował swoje postawy ideowe jeszcze w warunkach walk o niepodległość, w tym o przyłączenie ziem Wielkopolski do odrodzonego państwa. W 1919 r. przeprowadził się do Poznania, w którym mieszkał do chwili aresztowania przez Niemców w 1939 r. Był dyrektorem Związku Katolickich Towarzystw Robotników Polskich Archidiecezji Gnieźnieńskiej i Poznańskiej, sekretarzem Rady Społecznej przy Prymasie Polski, redaktorem czasopism „Robotnik” oraz „Przegląd Społeczny”, w których zamieszczał swoje teksty poświęcone m.in. nauce społecznej Kościoła. Był współinspiratorem i dyrektorem Katolickiej Szkoły Społecznej w Poznaniu, działającej w latach 1927-1939, która w ciągu kilku lat nabyła uprawnienia szkoły wyższej i wykształciła grono solidnie przygotowanych zawodowo i ideowo absolwentów.
Upaya Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas XI Pada Materi Program Linier Menggunakan Problem Based Learning Dengan Media Youtube dan PPT Di Smk Muhammadiyah 2 Klaten Utara
Authors: Afiani Nina
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh skor keaktifan belajar siswa tergolong dalam kriteria kurang dengan skor 39.73 %. Hasil belajar kognitif siswa juga masih rendah yaitu 25.92 % yang memenuhi KBM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keaktifan dan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI menggunakan Problem Based learning (PBL) pada materi fungsi komposisi dan invers di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Klaten Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Klaten Utara yang berjumlah 27 orang dengan instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi untuk memperoleh data keaktifan belajar siswa dan tes tertulis untuk mendapatkan data hasil belajar siswa. Hasil siklus pertama menunjukkan keaktifan siswa meningkat pada siklus 1 dari pra siklus dengan skor 39.73 % menjadi 66.37%. Selanjutnya di siklus 2, keaktifan belajar siswa kembali meningkat dengan skor 73.62%. Demikian juga pada presentase siswa yang memenuhi KBM dalam tes hasil belajar kognitif pada siklus 1 meningkat dari pra siklus dengan skor 25.92 % menjadi 51.85 %. Selanjutnya pada siklus 2 kembali meningkat menjadi 70.37 %. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah dengan implementasi model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan media youtube dan PPT dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi program linier kelas XI SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Klaten Utara.
A GRAMMAR OF MËRANAW LANGUAGE
Authors: Aimee V. Aragon
Published: February 2023

This paper describes the grammar of Mëranaw (ISO 639-3: mrw). Mëranaw, or more commonly known as Maranao, is a Philippine language prevalently spoken in almost all parts of Lanao del Sur province and in some areas in Lanao del Norte, Maguindanao, and North Cotabato. The primary goal of this study is to provide a grammar of the Mëranaw language that entails linguistic features of the language covering its morphological features. The participants of this study were the three identified professional and native speakers living in Marawi City. The elicited materials consist of the 615-word list and 775-sentence list from UP Department of Linguistics were transcribed and analyzed using the Basic Linguistic Theory. It was found that morphologically speaking, Mëranaw language has a rich culture of affixation as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and circumfixes are all present to create new words. These affixations include the prefix p-, mak-, and tomi- and the suffix -an. Moreover, the infix ka- -an and circumfix p- -n, miaka- -e. This is to form another lexical category of a given Mëranaw word that most likely entails to tells the time certain Mëranaw verbs take place. Furthermore, this grammar sketch aims to provide a concrete reference for Mother Tongue–Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) as the Mëranaw language is one of the languages being taught. It further implies language description and documentation as the basis for language revitalization and at the same time culture preservation.
KEYWORDS: applied linguistics, Maranao, Mëranaw, language documentation, grammar sketch, Philippines
Les outils intelligents au service de la performance environnementale des réseaux sur le Dunkerquois
Authors: CLAUDEL F. , VANNOYE S.
Published: February 2023

À la lumière de la conjoncture climatique et démographique actuelle, et afin de limiter l’amenuisement d’une ressource qui se raréfie de manière alarmante alors que la demande en eau est toujours croissante, l’amélioration des performances des réseaux d’eau est une préoccupation majeure pour la plupart des gestionnaires des services publics à travers le monde. L’exercice est d’autant plus complexe lorsque l’on cherche à améliorer des niveaux de performance déjà élevés. Parallèlement, les ressources financières n’étant pas illimitées, la nécessité d’optimiser les investissements, tout en assurant une meilleure gestion de ces réseaux, devient plus pressante. L’utilisation d’outils intelligents permet de tirer profit des avancées technologiques et numériques actuelles, d’instrumenter et de surveiller le réseau afin d’atteindre des objectifs de performance de plus en plus ambitieux. Trois outils sont ainsi déployés pour agir sur les trois grands leviers de la performance réseau : un outil de pilotage de la recherche de fuites qui permet de suivre de manière très opérationnelle la performance des réseaux afin de faire remonter les anomalies pouvant être la conséquence de pertes en eau, un outil d’optimisation des plans de renouvellement basé sur l’état réel du réseau et un outil assurant la gestion optimisée des pressions du réseau, permettant d’éliminer toutes les variations et excès de pression ponctuels et critiques afin de limiter l’endommagement des canalisations et réduire les casses. Le document suivant présente la stratégie déployée pour répondre à ces enjeux sur le réseau du Syndicat de l’Eau du Dunkerquois, qui est à ce jour l’un des plus performants de France.
Larvivorous Behaviour of Channa Gachua on Filaria Vector - A Biological Control Measure
Authors: Mishra P.K. , Saxena R. C.
Published: February 2023

Mosquitoes are  known   to  transit  many  diseases   like  malaria,  filarial,  Japanese  encephalitis, yellow  fever and dengue. In India alone approximately 40 million people  suffer  from  mosquito borne  diseases   annually.  Insecticides   play  a  major   role  in  vector  control  programmes and continue  to  be  a major  component for  integrated  vector  management.   But  due  to  the  health hazards  associated with  the use of chemical  insecticides new  biological control  measures  are being  tried  in the  last  few years.  Use  of  predatory fishes  is one  of the  major  components of biological vector  control  so as to minimize vector borne diseases. The  present  paper  is  an attempt  to  present  the findings  of a study  on predatory  behaviour  of locally  available  edible  fish  Channa  gachua  on  Culex  quinquefasciatus a  known  vector for Wouchereria bancrofti  Maximum  predation  was  found to  190 larvae  per day.  It was  observed that fish prefer second  instar larvae.