bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turnover Intention and Behavior Organizational Citizenship on Indonesian Hospital Case
Authors: Susanti Rina , Hasyim . , Rita Kemala
Published: July 2020

Since the last 4 years the nurse turnover rate on  Indonesian Hospital Case has shown an increase and reached the highest number (20.8%) in 2019 for contract nurses. If not anticipated it will disrupt the quality of service and reduce hospital performance. The high turnover rate also causes hospitals to incur additional costs for recruitment and training. Meanwhile, hospitals also need a lot of time to make nurses have the skills to provide quality care and meet the Patient Safety rules. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior on nurse turnover intention in hospital industry.

This study uses quantitative methods, to determine the causality relationship between related variables. Data processing is done quantitatively using SEM statistical test methods, to prove the hypothesis. The research sample was saturated with 282 nurses, both organic and contract, conducted since November 2019 until January 2020. Data processing is done quantitatively using the SEM statistical test method, to prove the hypothesis. Research findings: increasing OCB is an important thing to do by Indonesian Hospital Case management, because OCB is proven to increase the effect of job satisfaction in order to reduce nurse turnover intention. The voluntary attitude of nurses is the lowest OCB behavior in contract and organic nurses, so efforts are needed to improve voluntary behavior so that nurse turnover intention can be significantly increased.

The results showed nurse turnover Intention was influenced by Job Satisfaction and OCB. The indirect effect through OCB is 1.43 times greater than the direct effect of Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intention. Perceptions of turnover intention for contract nurses are moderate, organic is low, job satisfaction is moderate (organic nurses are more satisfied than contract nurses), and OCB is high (organic nurses are higher than contract nurses).
Problems of Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax
Authors: Yang James G. S. , Lauricella Leonard J.
Published: July 2020

The United States (U.S.) has a new tax law known as The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) [1].  It imposes many new provisions dealing with international tax from a U.S. perspective, including several that were designed to prevent the erosion of the U.S. tax base.  This article discusses the reasons for these new anti-base erosion provisions and explains how they work.  It points out some of the international tax planning techniques used by U.S. and other multinational corporations to shelter income from high taxes.  It discusses the temporary and in some cases permanent disallowance of deductions for interest expense, the disallowance of royalty expenses, and the new base erosion and anti-abuse tax (BEAT).  This paper also presents examples and offer tax planning strategies.
Numerical Analysis of Adhesive Joints with Bi-Layered Adherends
Authors: Sayegh Ahmed Hasan , Almitani Khalid , Othman Ramzi
Published: July 2020

Improvement of joint quality has always being a call for concern in an assembled component due to numerous application of such components in immense industrial sectors such as aerospace and automotive industries, electrical/electronic industries etc. With this in mind quite a vast research had been carried out and still on going to enhance the characteristics of various parts that makes up an assemble and the complete assemble itself. Part of the research carried out fixated on adhesive bonded joint of different geometrical designs such as L-shape, single-lap, double-lap, tubular, T-shaped, stepped and scarf joints etc. Focusing on single –lap joint due to the simplicity of the design geometry and their ease of fabrication, various forms of arrangement have been researched on. But owing to its untimely failure, caused by high strength concentration in the overlapping areas and some other parts that are delicate to peel damage various forms of design geometry have been adopted ranging from tapering, stepping and wavy lapping of overlapping layers in order to reduce or mitigate the stress concentration for an improved load bearing ability. Due to a lot of challenges being faced with difficulty in fabrication, this study focused on double layer single-lap joint. Its harmonic response when subjected to external dynamic loading was investigated with the use of Ansys finite element analysis. The numerical analysis was carried out on various forms of adhesive-adherends arrangement, and from the harmonic response obtained it showed that the double layer single-lap joint have improved load bearing capacity as compared with other geometrical designs.
Four-Poles Parameter of an Elliptical Cavity Having the Outlet on the Body
Authors: Nishimura Yuya , Nishimura Sohei
Published: July 2020

This paper deals with the computation of the four-poles parameter of a thin elliptic cylinder in which the output is fitted to the side that is perpendicular to the input side. The four-poles parameter is based on the sound pressure calculated by solving the wave equations, with the assumption that the loss can be ignored. The four-poles parameter is widely used to estimate the noise characteristic for the acoustic system which are composed of several elements of various cross-sectional areas, various shape connected in series.
Effect Of Temperature And Storage Time On The Nutritional Quality Of Olive Drupes: A Case Study
Authors: Finotti Enrico , Gambelli Loretta , Mili Gioia Meysem , Lo Feudo Gabrielle , Benincasa Cinzia , Pellegrino Massimiliano , Perri Enzo
Published: July 2020

In this study we evaluated the effect of temperature and time storage on the quality parameters of mono cultivar olive oil drupes. In particular, analyses of total free phenols, fatty acids, lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, sensory analysis, at different temperatures and different times of post harvest storage, were performed. All data obtained have been singularly processed by Functional Mathematical Index (FMI).
Persistent Hyperparathyroidism Post- Kidney Transplantation: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Abdul Razak Manal Khudder , Abdulkazim Zainulaabdeen
Published: July 2020

Background and aim: Persistent hyperparathyroidism after renal transplantation, termed tertiary hyperparathyroidism, is not uncommon. We aimed to identify the prevalence of persistent hyperparathyroidism after successful kidney transplantation and to study the associated risk factors.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 63 patients who underwent renal transplantation for the first time &for at least a year. Data was collected about demographic characteristics, duration of chronic kidney disease& dialysis therapy, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and use of medications including vitamin D. Levels of serum calcium and phosphate and renal function test were recorded prior and post- transplantation. Serum parathyroid hormone was tested only post- transplantation. The association of those variable with hyperparathyroidism was studied by Pearson’s correlation. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Hyperparathyroidism was found in 53 (84.10%) patients, there was a strong positive correlation of parathyroid hormone level and serum levels of calcium and phosphate with (p-value<0.001). While the correlation was negative of parathyroid hormone level and estimated glomerular filtration rate after transplantation. None of the variables apart from hypertension was strongly associated as a risk factor before transplantation for persistant hyperparathyroidism.

Conclusions: In this single center study; more than 80% of post-transplant patients with normal transplant function, have elevated levels of parathyroid hormone more than one year after transplantation. This may have a major impact on clinical treatment guidelines. However, no association was observed between pre-transplant age, duration of transplant, duration on dialysis as risk factors for persistent hyperparathyroidism.
Oxidative Stress Index Predicts the Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Zeliger Harold I. , Kahaner Harvey
Published: July 2020

We have hypothesized that the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) can be used to predict the severity of COVID-19. The recently published Clinical Risk Score Calculation (CRSC), based upon clinical data ascertained at the time of hospital admission for patients in 575 hospitals in China following the COVID-19 outbreak, confirms and validates our hypothesis.
Usher Deafblindnes
Authors: Khamaily Mehdi , Bajjouk Salma , Bouchaar Mounia , Belmalih Mounir , Reda Karim , Oubaaz Abdelbarre
Published: July 2020

Pigmentary retinopathy refers to a group of inherited degenerative diseases of the retina, which primarily affects the photoreceptor cells in the retina. The association with congenital hearing loss defines Usher syndrome.
Usher syndrome is a rare pathology of autosomal recessive transmission with a double sensory impairment (auditory and visual). We report the observation of a 12-year-old patient from a consanguineous marriage with congenital deafness, normal vestibular function and pigmentary retinopathy composing type 2 of Usher syndrome.
Waist Circumference, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Body Mass Index as Parameters of Obesity Among Public Secondary School Students
Authors: Ugochukwu Ebelechuku Francesca , Onubogu Chinyere Ukamaka , Okeke Kenneth Nchekwube , Ofora Victoria Chikodili , Uju Chinenye MaryQueen
Published: July 2020

Background: Obesity in children is universal affecting all ethnicities, ages, gender and social classes. Public school children consist mainly of the less affluent strata of society, and consequently may not be opportuned to avail themselves of necessary public health interventions as their private school counterparts.          Objective:This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity using various anthropometric indices and association of certain factors with obesity among public secondary school students.   
Methods:A cross-sectional school-based questionnaire and physical assessment of 593 students aged 10 – 17 years in public schools in Nnewi, Southeast Nigeria was carried out.                                                           
 Results: There were 289  boys and 304 girls, giving an approximate ratio of 1:1. Most of the students were from the middle and lower socio-economic levels. Girls were physically less active and consumed more junk food than the boys. The mean weight and height varied significantly with age in males, females and both sexes combined together (p <0.001). In general, girls were heavier than boys, while the boys were slightly taller than the girls. Age varied significantly with BMI (P<0.001 for girls and boys), WC (P<0.001 for girls and boys) and WHtR (p=0.034 for boys and 0.024 for girls). BMI performed better than WC and WHtR in identifying children with obesity. When compared with BMI, WC had a sensitivity of 5.2% and a specificity of 100.0% with a positive predictive value of 100.0% and a negative predictive value of 90.7%. WHtR had a sensitivity of 31.0% and a specificity of 99.8% with a positive predictive value of 94.7% and a negative predictive value of 93.0%. BMI had a strong correlation with both WC and WHtR although correlation was stronger with WC (R=704) compared to WHR (R=641). Among the students 9.8% were in the obese/overweight group, made up of 96.6% females, out of which 64.1% were older adolescents aged 15-17 years. Reduced physical activity played a major role in enhancing obesity/overweight, while socio-economic level and diet did not. After logistic regression analysis, age and sex remained significantly associated with being overweight or obese. The odds of being overweight or obese was 32 times in females compared to males and twice in in late adolescence compared to early adolescence.                                                                                                                                     
Conclusion:  The obesity/overweight of older adolescent public secondary school girls buttress the importance of physical exercises in curbing obesity. Although easier to perform and very specific, WC and WHtR seemed to miss many adolescents with obesity when compared to BMI.  Therefore, a combination of these indices is recommended while screening adolescents for obesity.
Restoration of Microtia by Prosthetic Method: A Case Report
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Kaura Sakshi Malhotra , Sharma Amit , Showkat Rukhsar
Published: July 2020

Background: Microtia is one of the forms of ear loss and deformity. It is a congenital anomaly of the external ear. Social and psychological rehabilitation of such patients requires a prosthesis that is esthetic as well as has enough strength and texture to represent the natural ear. Because of financial constraints, some patients cannot afford the surgical procedure of grafting.

Case report: This is a case of 17 year old female with congenital missing right ear along with facial deformity due to Lower Motor Neuron facial nerve palsy.

Treatment plan: Prosthetic replacement of the missing ear was planned to improve the esthetic and social well being of the patient in an economical way.

Conclusion: a definitive management of the missing ear can be done using dental implants and bar attachment if the financial condition and social acceptance with interim prosthesis is satisfactory.
The International Protection of Women in Armed Conflicts
Authors: Muhammadamin Reagr F. , Baban Bryar S.
Published: July 2020

The protection of women during armed conflicts has from time to time been a matter of concern to the international community in various forms and degrees. The laws of war have regulated the protection of women long before the Geneva Conventions and additional protocols system. The aim of this paper is to highlight the protection that women should be given in armed conflict, also taking into account their special needs.
The Effect of Infill Steel Plate Thickness on the Cycle Behavior of Steel Plate Shear Walls
Authors: Sadik Abbas Ali
Published: July 2020

The effect of changing in the bed slope of stilling basins produces changing in characteristics of the hydraulic jump such as sequent depth ratio, length of jump ratio, length of the roller and energy dissipation ratio, consequently the dimensions of stilling basin changed. In this study hydraulic jump investigated on smooth bed (without any appurtenances) for three adverse slopes (- 0.03, - 0.045, - 0.06) in addition to horizontal bed slope, the experiments were applied for the range of Froude number (Fr1) between 3.99 and 7.48. The results showed a reduction about10 % in sequent depth ratio, 22.1 % in length of jump ratio, 20.51 % in length of roller ratio and 13.87% in the energy dissipation ratio when the adverse slope (- 0.06) used instead of horizontal bed for the same Froude numbers. Empirical equations for the sequent depth ratio, length of roller ratio and the energy dissipation ratio were obtained from the experimental data
Classification of Paper Values Based on Citation Rank and PageRank
Authors: Souma Wataru , Vodenska Irena , Chitkushev Lou
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The number of citations has been widely used to measure the significance of a paper. However, there is a need in introducing another index to determine superiority or inferiority of papers with the same number of citations. We determine superiority or inferiority of papers by using the ranking based on the number of citations and PageRank.

Design/methodology/approach

We show the positive linear correlation between Citation Rank (the ranking of the number of citation) and PageRank. On this basis, we identify high-quality, prestige, emerging, and popular papers.

Findings

We found that the high-quality papers belong to the subjects of biochemistry and molecular biology, chemistry, and multidisciplinary sciences. The prestige papers correspond to the subjects of computer science, engineering, and information science. The emerging papers are related to biochemistry and molecular biology, as well as those published in the journal “Cell.” The popular papers belong to the subject of multidisciplinary sciences.

Research limitations

We analyze the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) from 1981 to 2015 to calculate Citation Rank and PageRank within a citation network consisting of 34,666,719 papers and 591,321,826 citations.

Practical implications

Our method is applicable to forecast emerging fields of research subjects in science and helps policymakers to consider science policy.

Originality/value

We calculated PageRank for a giant citation network which is extremely larger than the citation networks investigated by previous researchers.
Heroes and Victims in Divided Nationalism: The Case of Namibia
Authors: Zuern Elke , Jasper James M.
Published: July 2020

Heroes play a role in every nation's founding narrative, embodying a group's strength and courage, its dedication to protecting all within its fold, and its most important traditions and promises. Yet hero images and tropes have not received the attention they deserve in the social science literature on nations and nationalism. Recent theories of character work – the rhetorical construction of heroes, villains, victims, and minions – reveal the challenges of building an inclusive nationalism in post-colonial states. We engage the debates over some of Namibia's most prominent and contested heroes through the memorials dedicated to them and the commemorations honoring victims of past struggles. We study the victims that these heroes sought to defend and trace the process by which victims become heroes of endurance. The Namibian state has, after its recent independence, constructed a memorial to fallen heroes, Heroes Acre, and an Independence Memorial Museum. Alongside these state-sanctioned memorial sites, a range of citizens have sought to honor and defend their own heroes. By honoring different heroes, they have defined alternative understandings of the nation. We also demonstrate the power of victims in mobilizing present day campaigns for justice and reparations. In Namibia, as elsewhere, greater attention to victims could shift the balance of political power. This article demonstrates how a focus on struggles over the legitimacy of particular heroes and victims can provide unanticipated insights into the study of divided nationalism.
Current management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: from resection to palliative treatments
Authors: Bartolini Ilenia , Risaliti Matteo , Fortuna Laura , Agostini Carlotta , Ringressi Maria Novella , Taddei Antonio , Muiesan Paolo
Published: July 2020

Background

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common liver primary tumour after hepatocellular carcinoma and represents 20% of all the cholangiocarcinomas. Its incidence is increasing and mortality rates are rising. Surgical resection is the only option to cure the disease, despite the high recurrence rates reported to be up to 80%. Intrahepatic recurrences may be still treated with curative intent in a small percentage of the patients. Unfortunately, due to lack of specific symptoms, most patients are diagnosed in a late stage of disease and often unsuitable for resection. Liver transplantation for ICC is still controversial. After the first published poor results, improving outcomes have been reported in highly selected cases, including locally advanced ICC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, when successful in controlling tumour progression. Thus, liver transplantation should be considered a possible option within study protocols. When surgical management is not possible, palliative treatments include chemotherapy, radiotherapy and loco-regional treatments such as radiofrequency ablation, trans-arterial chemoembolization or radioembolization.

Conclusions

This update on the management of ICC focusses on surgical treatments. Known and potential prognostic factors are highlighted in order to assist in treatment selection.
MANGUPA DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Aripin Musa
Published: July 2020

Mangupa ceremony or wages is one of the traditional ceremonies originating from the Southern Part of Tapanuli (Tabagsel) of North Sumatra province, this ceremony aims to return the tondi (spirit) to the body and ask for blessings from God Almighty to always be safe, healthy, and cheap sustenance in life. The effort to summon this tondi agency is done by serving a set of pangupa materials and pangupa advice which is systematically compiled and carried out by various parties consisting of parents, kings, and other traditional parties.This is often disputed in modern society today, there are some who think that this kind of action is an act of polytheism, but some others think that this custom does not fall into shirk. So from here, the author tries to analyze in depth about the legal status of this mangupa from the perspective of Islamic law that the writer will peel in the discussion below.
Positive Women: Emotion, Memory, and the Power of Narrative in Women Organized to Respond to Life-Threatening Diseases, 1991-2020
Authors: Naiman Eleanor
Published: July 2020

Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is the article's first paragraph. "By 1992, the AIDS epidemic in the United States had reached seemingly catastrophic proportions. Over ten years after the first published report of AIDS-related lung infection, the number of AIDS cases in the United States far exceeded 100,000. It would be four years until the FDA approval of the first protease inhibitor. Over ten thousand women had been diagnosed with the disease, and experts expected over ninety thousand more were already infected. The disease, lacking effective treatment, increasingly struck women and people of color in the early 1990s; cases rose 151 percent among women and by 105 percent among men in 1993. Without a cure in sight, women with HIV did not have much tangible reason for optimism. Nonetheless, in January 1992 Debra McCarthy cast her HIV diagnosis as the turning point in her journey towards personal fulfillment. “Even though I may be HIV positive,” she wrote, “I am more healed in my life than I ever have been.”"
Cholera in Present-Day Haiti: Interpretations of and Responses to a Contemporary Enemy
Authors: Frick Melissa
Published: July 2020

Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is the article's first paragraph. "In his introduction to Epidemics and Ideas, Paul Slack calls to revive the study of social history of epidemics, wanting to show how societies cope with, react to, and interpret crises of disease. He reviews historian Richard Evans’ notion of the “common dramaturgy” to all epidemics, which states that human society responds to mass infection through an inherent response mechanism. Disease presents common dilemmas - including decisions on how the disease is transmitted, whom it infects, who is to blame, and incites common responses. Furthermore, Slack suggests that the society’s understanding of infection, interpreted through different social, cultural, and political contexts, shapes the specificity of these responses. Such variables of understanding include the novelty of the disease, violence of infection, geographical and social incidence, and the ‘disease-environment’ preceding the epidemic."
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK KASCING DAN NPK MUTIARA 16:16:16 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moenc.) SERTA BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DENGAN SISTEM TUMPANG SARI
Authors: Wahyu Hidayatullah  , T. Rosmawaty  , M. Nur
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

 The purpose of this study is to examine the interactions between kascing fertilizers and mutiara NPK 16:16:16 on the growth and production of okra and shallots in the intercropping system. This research used a completely randomized factorial design, consisting of two factors. The first factor was the application of vermicompost (K), consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 750, 1500 and 2250 g/plot and the second factor was NPK 16:16: 16 (N), consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 15, 30 and 45 g/plot, so that obtained 16 treatment combinations with 3 replications and 48 experimental units. Each unit consisted of 4 plants per plot and 2 plants are samples, so that the plant had 192 plants for okra plants and 5 plots for shallots and 2 plants was become samples with total plants of 240. Based on research results indicated that intercropping system on okra plants and shallots resulted smaller plant growth and production compared to monocultures. The interaction of kascing fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer had no significant on all observed parameters. The main effect of the dose of kascing fertilizer was a significance on all observed parameters. The best treatment was significant on a dose of kascing fertilizer of 2250 g/plot. The main effect of the 16:16:16 NPK dose was significant on all observed parameters. The best treatment was found on NPK 16:16:16 with dose of 45 g/plot.

Keywords: Kascing, Mutiara 16:16:16, Okra, Onion
ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR PRODUKSI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS USAHATANI KELAPA SAWIT POLA SWADAYA DI DESA SUNGAI BULUH KECAMATAN KUANTAN SINGINGI HILIR, KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Edward Panjaitan  , Ujang Paman  , Darus
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Palm oil is one of the potential commodities that is widely cultivated by farmers in Singingi Hilir Regency. This study aims to analyze the farmers’ characteristics and profile of oil palm farming, the use of factors of production, costs, production, income and efficiency of oil palm farming, and the effect of production factors on oil palm farming productivity. The research was conducted during 6 months, starting from September 2018 to February 2019. Survey location was selected in Sungai Buluh Village Kuantan Singingi Hilir District Kuantan Singingi Regency and samples were purposively selected as 38 farmers. The samples were farmers who have oil palm farming with age between 10-15 years. Data were collected by survey method, consisting of primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the average age of farmers was 46.32 years, the education level of farmers averaged 9.61 years, the average number of family members was 4 person with having experience on oil palm cultivation was 13.84 years. The average of farmers’ land area was 3.63 ha. The average of oil palm production cost was IDR 40,227,034/year, consisting of variable costs of IDR 39,818,783 and fixed costs of IDR 408,251.  The average of oil palm production in fresh fruit bunch was 64,740 kg/year with a selling price of IDR 1,449/kg and revenue was IDR 93,813,371/year. Moreover, the profit obtained was IDR 53,586,337/year and efficiency value (RCR) was 2.33. The land area and urea fertilizer had a significant effect on palm oil productivity in Sungai Buluh Village, Singingi Hilir District, Kuantan Singingi Regency.

Keywords:Production factors, Oil palm farming, Productivitas, Swadya pattern.
AGROINDUSTRI TEH DAUN GAHARU DI KELURAHAN SIDOMULYO BARAT KECAMATAN TAMPAN PEKANBARU (STUDI KASUS CV. GAHARU PLAZA INDONESIA)
Authors: Chandra Leonardo  , Fahrial
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Agarwood leaf Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk is used as a raw material in the agroindustry of agarwood leaf tea. This study aimed to analyze the production cost, revenue, profit, efficiency, and value-added. This research used a survey method as a case study of the CV. Gaharu Plaza Indonesia which was conducted in Sidomulyo Barat Village, Tampan District, Pekanbaru. The results of the study showed that the agarwood leaf tea agroindustry by CV. Gaharu Plaza Indonesia is a small business or micro business. The technology in processing agarwood leaf tea is semi-mechanical and has a home industry food production certificate, a small trade business permit, and the health department. The raw material used for the one-time production process for the agro-industry of agarwood leaf tea was as much as 4 kg of agarwood leaves, with supporting materials such as jasmine flowers, tea bags, packaging boxes, standing pouch packaging, transparent roll plastic, and packaging labels. Production cost was IDR 1.715.894, the income of IDR 4.250.000, net profit of IDR 2.534.106, the added value of processing aloes into aloes leaf tea was IDR 13.269. The RCR value was 2,48 with the criteria RCR value > 1 is profitable and feasible to be developed.

Keywords: Agroindustry, Agarwood leaf tea, Value added
Hypervalent Iodine-Mediated Styrene Hetero- and Homodimerizations Initiation Proceed with Two-Electron Reductive Cleavage
Authors: Hussein Aqeel A. , Al-Yasari Ahmed , Ma Yumiao
Published: July 2020

A mechanistic insight into the hetero- and homodimerizations (HETD and HOMD) of styrenes promoted by hypervalent iodine reagents (HVIRs; DMP and PIDA) and facilitated by HFIP to yield all trans cyclobutanes is reported using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The reaction is initiated with two-electron reductive cleavage of two I─O bond cleavages, affording I(III) (iodinane) and I(I) (iodobenzene) product with DMP and PIDA as oxidant, respectively. The resulting acetate groups are stabilized by the solvent HFIP through strong hydrogen bonding interaction, which promotes the electron transfer process. The initialization involving one-electron transfer was found to be highly unfavored, especially for the PIDA system. At this point, we found that two-electron process is the key initialization process, which is in accordance with literature report on alcohol oxidation. The reaction rate is determined by the initialization step: For I(III), the initiation is thermodynamically endergonic, whereas the endergonicity for I(V) is modest. The difference in reactivity is explained by the difference LUMO energies. Upon initialization, the reaction proceeds through a stepwise [2+2] pathway, involving a radical-cationic π-π stacked intermediate, either hetero- or homodimerized. DFT results supported by quasiclassical molecular dynamics simulations show that HOMD is dynamically competing pathway to HETD although the latter is relatively faster, in accordance with experimental observations.
PhI(OTf)2 Does Not Exist (Yet)
Authors: Houston Sevan D. , Sharp-Bucknall Lachlan , Albayer Mohammad , Dutton Jason , _ Tania
Published: July 2020

PhI(OTf)2 has been used for the past 30 years as a strong I(III) oxidant for organic and inorganic transformations. It has been reported to be generated in situ from the reactions of either PhI(OAc)2 or PhI=O with two equivalents of TMS-OTf. In this report it is shown that neither of these reactions generate a solution with spectroscopic data consistent with PhI(OTf)2 and thus this compound should not be invoked as the species acting as the oxidant for transformations that have been associated with its use
Accelerated Computation of Free Energy Profile at Ab Initio QM/MM Accuracy via a Semi-Empirical Reference-Potential. III. Gaussian Smoothing on Density-of-States
Authors: Hu Wenxin , Li Pengfei , Wang Jia-Ning , Xue Yuanfei , Mo Yan , Zheng Jun , Pan Xiaoliang , Shao Yihan , Mei Ye
Published: July 2020

Calculations of free energy profile, aka potential of mean force (PMF), along a chosen collective variable (CV) are now routinely applied to the studies of chemical processes, such as enzymatic reactions and chemical reactions in condensed phases. However, if the ab initio QM/MM level of accuracy is required for the PMF, it can be formidably expensive even with the most advanced enhanced sampling methods, such as umbrella sampling. To ameliorate this difficulty, we developed a novel method for the computation of free energy profile based on the reference-potential method recently, in which a low-level reference Hamiltonian is employed for phase space sampling and the free energy profile can be corrected to the level of interest (the target Hamiltonian) by energy reweighting in a nonparametric way. However, when the reference Hamiltonian is very different from the target Hamiltonian, the calculated ensemble averages, including the PMF, often suffer from numerical instability, which mainly comes from the overestimation of the density-of-states (DoS) in the low-energy region. Stochastic samplings of these low-energy configurations are rare events. If a low-energy configuration has been sampled with a small sample size N, the probability of visiting this energy region is ~ 1/N (shall be exactly 1/N for a single ensemble), which can be orders-of-magnitude larger than the actual DoS. In this work, an assumption of Gaussian distribution is applied to the DoS in each CV bin, and the weight of each configuration is rescaled according to the accumulated DoS. The results show that this smoothing process can remarkably reduce the ruggedness of the PMF and increase the reliability of the reference-potential method.
Cation Distributions and Magnetic Properties of Ferrispinel MgFeMnO4
Authors: Matsubara Nami , Masese Titus , Suard Emmanuelle , Forslund Ola Kenji , Nocerino Elisabetta , palm rasmus , Guguchia Zurab , Andreica Daniel , Hardut Alexandra , Ishikado Motoyuki , Papadopoulos Konstantinos , Sassa Yasmine , Månsson Martin
Published: July 2020

The research deals with spinel compounds MgFeMnO4, which is known as a cathode material of magnesium battery. It exhibits a cationic disordering in cubic spinel structure and ferrimagnetism at room-temperature. The experimental data is acquired using a combination of magnetization, Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements, powder diffractions and muon spin rotation, relaxation and resonance (μ+SR) techniques.
Self-Limiting Electrospray Deposition on Polymer Templates
Authors: Lei Lin , Gamboa Arielle R. , Kutznetsova Christianna , Littlecreek Sunshine , Wang Jingren , Zou Qingze , Zahn Jeffrey , Singer Jonathan
Published: July 2020

Electrospray deposition (ESD) applies a high voltage to liquids flowing through narrow capillaries to produce monodisperse generations of droplets down to hundreds of nanometers in diameter, each carrying a small amount of the delivered solute. This deposition method has been combined with insulated stencil masks for fabricating micropatterns by spraying solutions containing nanoparticles, polymers, or biomaterials. To optimize the fabrication process for micro-coatings, a self-limiting electrospray deposition (SLED) method has recently been developed. Here, we combine SLED with a pre-existing patterned polymer film to study SLED’s fundamental behavior in a bilayer geometry. SLED has been observed when glassy insulating materials are sprayed onto conductive substrates, where a thickness-limited film forms as charge accumulates and repels the arrival of additional charged droplets. In this study, polystyrene (PS), Parylene C, and SU-8 thin films of varying thickness on silicon are utilized as insulated spraying substrates. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a thermoplastic polymer is sprayed below its glass transition temperature (Tg) to investigate the SLED behavior on the pre-deposited insulating films. Furthermore, to examine the effects of in-plane confinement on the spray, a microhole array patterned onto the PS thin film by laser dewetting was sprayed with dyed PVP in the SLED mode. This was then extended to an unmasked electrode array showing that masked SLED and laser dewetting could be used to target microscale regions of conventionally patterned electronics.
A Stable Cathode-Solid Electrolyte Composite for Long-Cycle-Life, High Voltage Solid-State Sodium-ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Erik , Banerjee Swastika , TANG HANMEI , Richardson Peter M. , Doux Jean-Marie , Qi Ji , Zhu Zhuoying , Grenier Antonin , Li Yixuan , Zhao Enyue , Deysher Grayson , Nguyen Han , Stephens Ryan , Verbist Guy , Chapman Karena W. , Clément Raphaële J. , Banerjee Abhik , Meng Ying Shirley , Ong Shyue Ping
Published: July 2020

Rechargeable solid-state sodium-ion batteries (SSSBs) hold great promise for safer and more energy-dense energy storage. However, the poor electrochemical stability between current sulfide-based solid electrolytes and high-voltage oxide cathodes has limited their long-term cycling performance and practicality. Here, we report the discovery of Na3-xY1-xZrxCl6 (NYZC) as an ion conductor that is both electrochemically stable (up to 3.8 V vs. Na/Na+) and chemically compatible with oxide cathodes. Its high ionic conductivity of 6.6 x 10-5 S cm-1 at ambient temperature, several orders of magnitude higher than oxide coatings, is attributed to abundant Na vacancies and cooperative MCl6 rotation, resulting in an extremely low interfacial impedance. A SSSB comprising a NaCrO2+NYZC composite cathode, Na3PS4 electrolyte, and Na-Sn anode exhibits an exceptional first-cycle Coulombic efficiency of 97.1% at room temperature and can cycle over 1000 cycles with 89.3% capacity retention at 40°C. These findings highlight the immense potential of halide ion conductors for SSSB applications.
Polarised Covalent Thorium(IV)- and Uranium(IV)-Silicon Bonds
Authors: Reant Benjamin , Berryman Victoria E. J. , Seed John A. , Basford Annabel , Formanuik Alasdair , Wooles Ashley J. , Kaltsoyannis Nikolas , Liddle Stephen T. , Mills David
Published: July 2020

We report the synthesis and characterisation of isostructural thorium(IV)- and uranium(IV)- silanide complexes, providing the first structurally authenticated Th-Si bond and a rare example of a molecular U-Si bond. These complexes therefore present the first opportunity to directly compare the chemical bonding of Th-Si and U-Si bonds. Quantum chemical calculations show significant and surprisingly similar 7s, 6d, and 5f orbital contributions from both actinide (An) elements in polarised covalent An-Si bonds
Novel Drug Formulation for the Treatment of Hepatic Cancer- A Review
Authors: Komala M  , Sathesh Kumar S  , Padmavathy J
Published: July 2020

For metabolic transformation, uptake, detoxification, and excretion liver is the primary organ that is highly equipped. Thus, the liver requires targeting by means like a carrier-mediated mechanism to take xenobiotics into the bile, though high hepatic concentration is achieved by most of the drugs. Thus resulting in high first-pass metabolism displayed by the drugs and thus resulting in rapid clearance of the drugs. Uptake of particulate materials is highly contributed by the kupffer cells largely. However, drug uptake by the liver is highly dependent on hepatocytes. In drug delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicines which are various biomedical applications construction of nanoscale based bioactive materials is a desirable approach of self-assembly. By using a targeting moiety, we can decrease the side effects of the drug and increases the therapeutic effect of the drug. Lipoproteins are potential drug carrier to target the organs. Lipoproteins consist of cholesterol, polar lipid core surrounding phospholipid monolayer and apoproteins are embedded in it, and these lipoproteins are spherical. The core is a polar lipid in nature so that highly hydrophobic drugs are easily incorporated into the core. Lipoproteins are completely non-immunogenic, biodegradable nature. The present review should be regularly inspected to beat into the global market at an affordable price as well, particularly the vehicles which are proven to be efficacious in drug delivery systems used to treat liver diseases like cancer.
Bird species richness in High-Andean forest fragments: habitat quality and topography matter
Authors: Fastré Constance , Strubbe Diederik , Balderrama José A. , Cahill Jennifer R.A. , Ledegen Hannes , Orellana Mauricio Torrico , Matthysen Erik
Published: July 2020

Montane forests worldwide are known centers of endemism and biodiversity but are highly threatened by fragmentation processes. Using data collected in 15 Polylepis forest remnants covering 2000 hectares, we investigated how bird species richness and bird community composition, particularly for species of conservation concern, are influenced by habitat quality and topography in the Tunari National Park in the High Andes of Bolivia. Bird species richness was highest in topographically complex, low-elevation Polylepis patches located in areas with a high potential to retain rainwater. Bird communities differed strongly between Polylepis lanata and P. subtusalbida remnants, each supporting different threatened and endemic species. Within the P. subtusalbida forest, high-elevation fragments characterized by high amounts of sunlight and low anthropogenic disturbance were more likely to contain threatened species. Surprisingly, we found no effect of fragment size on the diversity or composition of bird communities or the presence of bird species of conservation concern. The presence of exotic plantations (Pinus and/or Eucalyptus spp.) in or outside forest remnants was negatively associated with the number of bird species as well as with occurrence of the endangered Cochabamba-mountain finch (Compsospiza garleppi). To support the different communities found in Polylepis forests, these results suggest that conservation efforts should be directed towards both forest types (P. subtusalbida and P. lanata) present in the area. For an efficient management of avian diversity, exotic plantations should be established away from native remnants while existing patches should be managed to maintain or increase habitat quality. Finally, the importance of local topography in determining avian species richness and community composition in forest fragments, mainly through topographic controls on moisture distribution and the amount of sunlight received by the fragments, should be considered when planning conservation and reforestation schemes.
Food Cold Chain in Indonesia during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Current Situation and Mitigation
Authors: Masudin Ilyas , Safitri Nika Tampi
Published: July 2020

The spread of the corona virus (COVID-19) has had a massive impact on all business sectors in Indonesia. Food cold supply chain is a business sector that is quite badly affected. This is because the food cold chain requires special treatment to maintain its quality, has a relatively short life and cannot be returned. This article discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its social impacts such as social restrictions and area lockdown on the business of food cold chain. It also discusses mitigation that needs to be done to anticipate related issues such as food supply-demand, food safety and some transportation challenges
Analisis Risiko pada UKM Tahu Takwa Kediri terhadap Dampak Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Safi'i Imam , Widodo Silvi Rushanti , Pangastuti Ria Lestari
Published: July 2020

The Pandemic of COVID-19 and social restriction policy (PSBB) in Indonesia caused a lot of impacts, one of them is Tofu Takwa SMEs in Kediri. This condition disrupts production activities up to marketing. Then it takes a risk analysis by looking at the main potential risks that arise while pandemic like this and do manage to get a strategy for their business sustainability. This research aims to analyze and manage the main risks that occur in Tofu Takwa SMEs in Kediri. The results showed that there are 3 risks in a high level like decrease of the income, decrease in production amount and increase the price of raw materials and 1 risk in middle level like late in delivery raw material so that it can be done by financial strategy, resize, search for a new market with social media and cooperate with the local government to help the marketing of social service programs.
Fortalecimiento de la confianza legítima institucional:
Authors: Patiño Mahecha Dalila Faisuly , Rojas Durán Nohelia , Pulido Rodríguez Rodrigo
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo de investigación, presenta un resumen de los resultados originales del proyecto institucional 2019, de la Escuela de Policía Provincia de Sumapaz, denominado “Fortalecimiento de la interacción comunitaria a través del liderazgo policial en Fusagasugá”, cuyo fin último es mejorar la simbiosis policía-comunidad a partir del liderazgo policial y de su interacción con el ciudadano, en el CAI La Macarena de Fusagasugá, para lo cual el diseño se consideró en tres fases y como metodología se propuso auscultar en primera instancia el Modelo Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes – MNVCC- para determinar los factores de liderazgo policial ausentes en esa relación. Luego en un trabajo de campo, en el CAI LA MACARENA del municipio de Fusagasugá, aplicando instrumentos metodológicos con estudiantes de la Escuela, identificar la percepción del servicio de policía y posteriormente como caso piloto, implementar las recomendaciones en el mismo lugar. Como hallazgos, se puede percibir que los resultados muestran una coincidencia genérica con las estadísticas nacionales en sentir un distanciamiento entre el policía y la comunidad, que afecta la interacción que debería ser más calidad y de confianza. No obstante, debido a que la aplicación de la encuesta fue local se pudiera pensar que no es suficiente para comparar; sin embargo, es coincidente. De ahí se concluye como alternativa para zanjar la discusión que el liderazgo policial es el arco toral para cerrar la brecha entre el policía y la comunidad y emerge como propuesta institucional la construcción de una hoja de ruta que permita validar su viabilidad.
La cátedra de paz:
Authors: Cardona Aguirre Camilo
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo tiene como propósito desarrollar una reflexión en torno al rol de la caricatura como instrumento de reflexión política de los jóvenes en tiempos del posconflicto, en especial que permita fundamentar el potencial de la Cátedra de la Paz y su implementación en procesos escolares.

Es claro que, para muchos, es un hecho que las juventudes han gozado de distinciones y lenguajes variados para hacer palpable su visión, verso y trazo de aquello que les ofrecen 

sus sentidos, no obstante, sus expresiones o no causan eco en el acontecer social o en el peor de los casos se les censura porque dentro de ellas existe una criticidad honesta y pertinente que desafía o exhorta al movimiento en el que se instaura y se yergue el poder. La caricatura, de maneras disímiles, ha transitado por escenarios de censura y sabotaje pese a que cuenta con el potencial como categoría narrativa y artística para permitir hacer palpable y verosímil las expresiones de estas juventudes, expresiones que emanan de espíritus inquietos y activos solventando el devenir de cualquier generación, es por esto y otras circunstancias de marginación y apatía que las juventudes se van instaurando en esquemas de acceso más complejo, inhóspito o clandestino.

Por lo tanto, reflexionar sobre los escenarios de participación escolar es necesario para replantear, precisamente, la voz de quienes forman su carácter político en las aulas. En ese sentido, este artículo presentará, en un primer momento, una reflexión sobre el lugar de la Cátedra de la Paz, para vincular, en un segundo momento, los entendidos de paz que subyacen en este mismo escenario y, finalmente, aportar algunas comprensiones sobre cómo puede la caricatura ser un instrumento de formación de los jóvenes como sujetos políticos.
After Beall's 'List of predatory publishers': problems with the list and paths forward
Authors: Yeates Stuart
Published: July 2020

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Overcoming Compliance to Change: Dynamics of Power, Obedience, and Resistance in a Classroom Restructure
Authors: Bridgman Todd
Published: July 2020

Resistance to change is a central topic in the study of change management, with resistance by employees often portrayed as an inevitable and undesirable response to planned change that managers must attempt to overcome. While resistance can be detrimental to organizations, it can also be beneficial, by prompting deeper analysis of a change, or by preventing an ill-advised or unethical one. Yet it might be difficult for employees to voice their concerns about change, especially if implemented from the top down, because of the power relationships involved. This simple classroom activity, designed principally for undergraduate classes, simulates an organizational restructure, requiring students to reorganize themselves around the room multiple times on the order of the instructor. It provides an opportunity for students to analyze group dynamics, consider the value of resistance, and discuss how leaders can foster cultures that encourage employees to speak up.