bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association analysis of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in North England population with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Abdul Sattar Naila , Shaheen Sumera , Hussain Fatma , Jamil Amer
Published: May 2021

Background: Numerous diabetes susceptibility loci, include a region consisting vitamin D receptor gene found in chromo- some 12q, have been known using genome wide screens.

Aim: The aim of present study is to probe the relationship between polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene (single nu- cleotide polymorphisms) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Five hundred T2DM patients and 200 healthy subjects with normal HbA1c( ≤ 5.0 %), fasting blood sugar (≤ 120 mg/dL) and random blood sugar (≤ 140 mg/dL) were enrolled.

Metholodgy: The genotypes were found by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing.

Results: revealed that no considerable differences in frequencies of genotype and allele of the Bsm I and Fok I polymor- phisms between healthy and patients in the North England (For Fok I: OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.72–1.12; for Bsm I: OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.79–1.98).

Conclusion: It is recommended that both following polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor gene may not considerably add to the progression of T2DM in the North England.

Keywords: T2DM; DNA Sequencing; Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP); Single nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP);VDR.
Enhancing Teacher Trainees’ Capacity for Knowledge Creation through Undergraduate Research Projects
Authors: Adeosun Adeola Oyenike
Published: May 2021

As a tool for discovering and creating knowledge, research is key to institutional and professional development. Hence, the teaching-research nexus has been driving academic activities in higher education, increasing pressure on academics to increase research productivity and develop students’ research capacity. This has informed the emphasis of undergraduate research projects, especially in colleges/ faculties of Education. However, there have been serious concerns for the quality and impact of these student research endeavors. It is against this background that this study focuses on efforts to expand teacher-trainees’ capacity to identify educational issues and generate research ideas from them using participatory research approaches. It reports that close links with schools spurred students’ ability to construct research ideas and that they expanded students’ experience of research; changed their perception of research; and improved their research skills. Recommendations arising out of these findings are discussed.
Constituents’ Participation and Commitment to the Governance Process of Universities in Ghana
Authors: Saani Abdul-Jaleel , Boateng William
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the governance system of universities in Ghana. Emphasis was put on constituents’ participation and commitment to the governance process. The explanatory sequential mixed method approach informed the study. Using questionnaire and interview, data was collected from 35 leaders and 465 members of various constituencies who were drawn from four public and two private universities in the country. The data was analysed using hierarchical multiple regression. The study revealed that whenever constituencies participate in the governance system of the university, it influences their satisfaction with and commitment to the university. Therefore, it is recommended that university managers ensure a congenial participatory governance environment—to motivate constituents to be committed to their universities.
Challenges and Opportunities in Teaching and Research in Human Physiology in Ethiopia
Authors: Getu Ayechew Adera
Published: May 2021

The aim of this point of view paper is to discuss the challenges and opportunities in teaching and research in the field of human physiology in Ethiopia. The challenges are seen as low availability of physiology teachers, especially those that have PhDs, low research productivity, absence of grants for basic sciences and brain drain. Opportunity for improvement is seen in the emergency of more medical schools in the country. However, close attention to standards of quality, particularly the provision of the full range of inputs required to support teaching and research, is urged.
Preparedness for and Commitment to Pre-service ‘Teaching Practice’ in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Lawal Abdulyaqin , Sayuti Omosidi Abdulrahman , Tukur Murtala Abdulyaqin , Ijeoma Ogbudinkpa Charity
Published: May 2021

Pre-service ‘teaching practice’ is an essential aspect of teacher-training which provides pedagogical knowledge and experience on how to go about the business of teaching. It should be conducted properly so as to prepare pre-service teacher trainees to service their mandate effectively. It is with this understanding that this study assessed the effectiveness with which it is conducted in tertiary institutions in Kwara State. Data was collected using two structured questionnaires and analysed using frequency counts and percentages. It was concluded that most of the students, teachers, supervisors and cooperating schools are highly prepared and committed to the teaching practice exercise while others are not.
Philosophical Identities in the ‘Market’ for University Education in Uganda
Authors: Sekiwu Denis , Muwagga Anthony Mugagga , Itaaga Nicholas
Published: May 2021

This study examines the metaphysics and political philosophy behind market competition for Uganda’s university education. Using grounded theory to filter the voices of 12 participants, the first phase of the study, which was qualitative, revealed that a rival (contestable) market of university education in Uganda has three challenges: funding, low research capacity and deregulation. In the second phase of the study, a quantitative study involving 180 participants finds that resource mobilization, financial audit compliance, grant writing, bursaries and loan facilities for students would help to minimize the market challenge. Subsequently, the paper examines the philosophy behind the market of university education. This is with the conclusion that this philosophy is part of the problem affecting university education in the country. More governmental control—to contain the challenges deregulation has posed—is urged.
Perception of Ecotourism among Undergraduate Students of Agricultural Science in Tai Solarin University of Education and Olabisi Onabanjo University
Authors: Ewebiyi I O , Akinsulu A A , Aderinto A
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the perception of ecotourism among undergraduate students of Agricultural Science of Tai Solarin University of Education and Olabisi Onabanjo University. The study followed a survey design. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from a sample of 132 respondents. It was analysed using descriptive statistics and a t-test. Participation in ecotourism was found to be high (55.3%). Visitation, sightseeing and trekking were the modal ecotourism activities. Insecurity, low interest, high costs and lack of time were the main hindrances to participation in ecotourism. It was concluded that most (75%) of the respondents had a favourable disposition towards ecotourism in the study area. Significant difference (t= -4.162, p=0.000) existed in perception of ecotourism in the two universities. Intensification of ecotourism awareness, funding of ecotourism, inclusion of ecotourism in higher education curricula, ecotourism advocacy and programmes that will encourage students’ participation in ecotourism activities are recommended.
Citizenship Education for Liberation in Nigeria
Authors: Ogunbiyi JO , Oludeyi OS
Published: May 2021

Across the globe, nations face a problem of low levels of civic consciousness and prevalence of harmful stereotypes like ethno-religious intolerance, prejudice and crises. In many parts of the world, these have degenerated into political crises, youth hooliganisms, prostitution, examinations malpractices, rape victimisation, terrorism and national insecurity. In the Nigerian context, these vices truncate the practical and transparent democratic governance while threatening the country’s federalism and cohesion. Since the purpose of any functional education is to enlighten and liberate the beneficiaries, ensuring that they live a sustainable life while contributing meaningfully to the upkeep of their immediate community, this paper takes a look at citizenship liberation using qualitative civic education. It examines, inter alia, the aims and objectives of qualitative citizenship education and how the principles of civic education can be instilled in the citizens for liberation and peaceful co-existence. The paper further discusses how the spirit of patriotism, unity, love and oneness can be installed in the minds of Nigerians and how they can serve as a lubricant to the wheel of socio-political and economic progress of the nation through adequate citizenship education.Keywords: Higher education for development; Sustainability; Lifelong learning.
Academic Staff Development and Output in State Universities in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Ozurumba Chukwuma N. , Amasuomo Japo Oweikeye
Published: May 2021

This study examines staff development and the output of academic staff in the state universities in South-South Nigeria. An ex-post-facto survey design was used to conduct the research in three state universities in the area. Three research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Data were collected from a sample of 402 academic staff. This was done using a questionnaire entitled “Academic Staff Development and Academic Staff Output Questionnaire”. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the data. The findings were that significant relationship exists between staff development and the productivity of academic staff in terms of research, teaching and community service. Therefore, the study concluded that in-service training and attendance of conferences and workshops influence the output of academic staff. Accordingly, it is recommended that adequate funding towards staff development and policies that support staff development are imperative for improved performance.Keywords: Academic staff development; Performance management; Nigeria
Changing Needs of Business Education Students with Specific Reference to Secretarial Studies
Authors: Sani Amina
Published: May 2021

The need to face emerging challenges squarely should not be disregarded in today’s world. Higher education is at the centre of preparing future business professionals and equipping them with the knowledge, skills and attitudes they will need address the emerging challenges of this century. Making specific reference to the Secretarial Component of Business Education, this paper demonstrates that contemporary needs are changing rapidly. Therefore, the paper argues, education and training should change. Recommendations towards achieving these suggestions are made.Keywords: Business education; Secretarial studies; Educational reform
Using Activity Theory as a Base for Investigating Language Teacher Education through Digital Technology
Authors: Najjuma Rovincer , Mulumba Mathias Bwanika
Published: May 2021

In this article, the authors explore the features of the Makerere University Electronic Learning Environment (MUELE) platform and how it is used by language teacher educators to facilitate pre-service teachers’ development of Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Content Knowledge and Digital Competences. The article is drawn out of data collected using platform user and activity analysis tools to yield data on the platform features, their usage and activity types. The Activity Theory principle of contradictions is used to provide an interpretive framework to explain how the platform has created tensions, contradictions and transformations. Findings indicate that the platform has features that can lever transformation of teaching and learning practices that facilitate the development of pre-service teachers’ competences. However, use of the platform is constrained by tensions and contradictions at system and individual levels.Keywords: Learning management platforms; language education; activity theory
Human Capacity and Procurement Performance at Two Tertiary Institutions in Uganda
Authors: Picho Epiphany Odubuker
Published: May 2021

This study aimed at establishing the ways in which institutional human capacity affects performance in public procurement at Uganda College of Commerce (UCC), Pakwach and National Teachers College (NTC), Muni, both located in West Nile sub-region of Uganda. The study followed a cross-sectional survey design. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used. This study targeted a random sample of 122 respondents. Purposive sampling was also used to select the Accounting Officers and the Contracts Committee members of the institutions. The findings revealed a positive correlation (.611) between institutional human capacity and procurement performance. Thus, it was concluded that institutional human capacity (measured in terms of professionalism and competence) affected performance in institutions in the region. Therefore, prioritisation of institutional human capacity building is recommended.
Causes of Dropouts at Cardinal Rugambwa Memorial University College, Tanzania
Authors: Mlengule Frowin
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to verify, using the case of Cardinal Rugambwa Memorial University College, the widely held view that financial challenges are significant determinants of student dropouts in private universities in Tanzania. The study was conducted following a case study design. The findings were that with exception of tuition fees, financial constraints are significant causes of students’ failure to complete their study programmes. Other reasons that were found to be substantial causes of drop outs in this University College are related to students’ domestic and private reasons that include going to institutions near the home to take care of or being near their spouses. Administration related bottlenecks and gaps in guidance and counselling were also found to lead to dropout. Policy recommendations and areas for future research are identified.
Historical Development of Science and Technology Education in Nigeria: Issues, Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Oyelade A. F. , Abolade S. B.
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the historical development of science and technology education in Nigeria. In the process it examines pertinent issues, challenges and prospects. The rationale of the paper derives from the understanding that science and technology education is of immense benefit to the nation’s development. The paper uses both primary and secondary data. The data are subjected to periodic and thematic analyses in order to arrive at historicised conclusions out of which recommendations are drawn. It was found that science and technology education in Nigeria has been in existence since the commencement of private education in 1842. However, its progress has not featured great incorporation in the manufacturing and industrial sectors of the economy. It is, therefore, recommended that science and technology education be given greater emphasis in real life situations in the Nigerian socio-economic milieu.
A time series analysis of permanent GNSS stations in the northwest network of Iran
Authors: Ghasemi Khalkhali Seyed Amin , A. Ardalan Alireza , Karimi Roohollah
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to estimate reliable velocities along with their realistic uncertainties based on a robust time series analysis including analysis of deterministic and stochastic (noise) models. In the deterministic model analysis part, we use a complete station motion model comprised of jump effects, linear and nonlinear trend, periodic components, and post-seismic deformation model. This part also consists of jump detection, outlier detection, and statistical significance of jumps. We perform the deterministic model analysis in an iterative process to elevate its efficiency. In the noise analysis part, first, we remove the spatial correlation of observations using the weighted stacking method based on the common mode error (CME) parameter. Next, a combination of white and flicker noises is used to determine the stochastic model. This time series analysis is applied for 11-year time series of 25 permanent GNSS stations from 2006 to 2016 in the northwest network of Iran. We reveal that there is a nonlinear trend in some stations, although most stations have a linear trend. In addition, we found that a combination of logarithmic and exponential functions is the most appropriate post-seismic deformation model in our study region. The result of the noise analysis shows that the spatial filtering reduces the norm of post-fit residual vector by 19.34%, 17.51%, and 12.44% on average for the east, north, and up components, respectively. Furthermore, the uncertainties obtained from the combination of white and flicker noises at the east, north, and up components are 5.0, 4.8, and 4.4 times greater than those of the white noise model, respectively. The results indicate that the stations move horizontally with an average velocity of 36.0 ± 0.3 mm/yr in the azimuth of 52.66° NE which is compatible with velocities obtained from MIDAS. We obtained the vertical velocity of most stations in the range of -5 to 5 mm/yr. However, in three stations of GGSH, ORYH, and BNAB, which are in the proximity of Lake Urmia, the vertical velocities are estimated to be -80.9 mm/yr, -50.6 mm/yr, and -11.4 mm/yr, respectively. Moreover, we found that these three stations possess large periodic signal amplitudes in all three coordinate components as well as a nonlinear trend in the up component.
Pelindungan Hak Pekerja Atas Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Dengan Alasan Pandemi Covid-19 Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja
Authors: Nirwana Hendri Sulistyo  , Surahmad
Published: May 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 sangat berdampak terhadap banyak sektor kehidupan rakyat Indonesia, tanpa terkecuali ketenagakerjaan. Hingga Oktober 2020, pekerja yang mengalami Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) maupun dirumahkan mencapai 6,4 juta sebagai imbas dari kerugian yang terus dialami perusahaan. Lebih buruk lagi, banyak di antara mereka yang tidak memperoleh haknya setelah mengalami PHK dengan alasan COVID-19 tersebut. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku selama ini belum mampu melindungi hak pekerja yang mengalami PHK secara maksimal. Namun, kini, telah terjadi perubahan peraturan yang berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, yakni Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja yang mencabut/mengubah beberapa ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan, termasuk hak pekerja ter-PHK. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh hasil analisis mengenai hak-hak pekerja ter-PHK dengan alasan COVID-19 dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, dan bentuk pelindungannya. Analisis dilakukan melalui metode studi kepustakaan dengan menggunakan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja sebagai bahan analisis utama, dan ditunjuang dengan bahan hukum lain yang terkait. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa terjadi perubahan mengenai hak-hak pekerja ter-PHK, khususnya dengan alasan COVID-19. Di samping itu, Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja juga memberikan pelindungan yang lebih konkret terhadap hak pekerja ter-PHK ketimbang Undang-Undang terdahulu.
Estrategia de vacunación en México y diversidad de vacunas.
Authors: Noriega-Rubalcaba Alejandra , Nieto-Ortega Eduardo , Vivanco-Gómez Emiliano , Durán-Méndez Alejandro , Ortega Daniela P. , Peón Alberto N.
Published: May 2021

La estrategia de vacunación anti-COVID-19 ha generado mucha polémica a nivel mundial, y en específico, en México. Las fuentes de dichas polémicas probablemente se relacionen a un entendimiento pobre en cuanto a la diversidad de vacunas y sus características, las distintas condiciones de almacenamiento y transporte que requieren las diversas formulaciones, y otros aspectos estratégicos relativos a la priorización de la población a vacunar. En este artículo intentaremos explicar dichas polémicas.
Munavvar qori’s “Memoirs”: An Uzbek Confession-Testimony from the Files of the Secret Police
Authors: Khalid Adeeb
Published: May 2021

This a rticle explores t he s o-called “ Memoirs” o f M unavvar qori Abdurashidxon o’g’li (1878-1931), a major figure in the politics of Turkestanin the era of the revolution and an early victim of the OGPU. The autobiographical text is a series of pokazanija written while Munavvar qori was under arrest in which he describes his political activities since the revolution. The article analyses the way in which Munavvar qori presents himself—a combination limited confession with plausible denial or extenuation—and the way he deploys language. The article also presents lengthy excerpts in English translation.

cette étude examine les prétendus « Mémoires » de Munavvar qori Abdurashidxon o’g’li (1878-1931), une figure d’importance dans l’histoirepolitique du Turkestan à l’ère révolutionnaire et une des premières victimes de l’OGPU. Le texte autobiographique comprend une série de pokazanija, écrits quand Munavvar qori était en état d’arrestation, et qui racontent ses activités depuis la révolution. L’étude analyse la manière avec laquelle on se présente – soit une combinaison de confession limitée et de démentis vraisemblables – et le langage qu’on y déploie. L’étude offre aussi des extraits du texte en traduction anglaise.

В статье исследуется так называемые «Воспоминания» Мунаввар кори Абдурашидхонов (1878-1931 гг.), один из виднейших деятелейполитической жизни Туркестана в эпохи революции и один из ранних жертв ОГПУ. Автобиографический текст состоит из ряда показаний, написанные во время выключения автора, и в которых он запишет его деятельность в послереволюционной период. В данной статье анализируется способов, в которых Мунаввар кори представляет себя (между умеренным признанием вины и отдалением в вероятной мере из ее) и языка, котором он используется. Статья тоже содержат в себе длинных выдержки из текста на английском переводе.
Ladislav Starewitch: Talking about Cinema
Authors: François Martin
Published: May 2021

Now that fifty out of the nearly one hundred films in Ladislas Starewitch’s filmography are available, now that recent exhibits of non-film materialfrom the collection Martin-Starewitch have been presented to thousands of people, in various parts of the world, at least, a new approach to Starewitch’s work, to his personal conception of cinema, his view of the world and imagination can be attempted. Now we can better understand his crucial place in cinema history and why various actual major directors refer to Starewitch as the master.Between his fantastic visions, realism and poetry, following the path of childhood and thanks to his prodigious ability in animating, his work is unique.

Désormais la disponibilité des films de L. Starewitch, une cinquantaine sur une filmographie qui en compte le double, et les expositions récentes de matériel non-film de la collection Martin-Starewitch permettent une appréciation nouvelle de son oeuvre, de sa personnalité, de sa conception du cinéma comme du monde et de son imaginaire. On comprend mieux sa place dans l’histoire du cinéma et pourquoi plusieurs réalisateurs actuels se réfèrent à lui comme à un maître. Entre fantastique, réalisme et poésie, avec l’enfance comme fil conducteur et une prodigieuse qualité d’animation, son oeuvre est unique.

Теперь, когда доступны пятьдесят из почти что ста фильмов фильмографии Ладислава Старевича; когда недавние выставки познакомилитысячи людей, в различных частях света, с не-киноматериалами из коллекции Мартэн-Старевича – то может быть предпринята попытка нового подхода к творчеству Старевича, его индивидуально-собственной киноконцепции, его картине мира и воображения.Теперь мы можем лучше понять его ключевое место в истории кинематографии и то, почему различные современные крупные режиссёрыназывают Старевича своим учителем. Картины, рождённые его воображением, реализм и поэзия, берущие исток в его детстве, и его удивительный дар в искусстве анимации делают творчество Старевича уникальным.
The Urals School of Animation: Heroes, Motifs, Tales
Authors: Mélat Hélène , Nemtchenko Lilia
Published: May 2021

The town of Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk during the Soviet period) in theUrals is the third centre for animation in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg. Thearticle focuses on the work of the directors who have made the reputation of the Schoolof Animation of the Urals. The history of the Urals school of animation is dividedinto three stages: the first generation, that of the founders, which laid the foundationof animation at Sverdlovsk with a classic yet imaginative poetry and aesthetic; asecond generation, trained by the great masters of experimentation Yuri Norstein, Fedor Khitruk, Eduard Nazarov and Andrei Khrjanovski, for which animation is the basis for all investigations – of material, senses, production –; and finally the directorsborn in the 1960s, the heirs of the preceding generation, who continue and diversify theinvestigations of their elders and pursue new directions of artistic expression.

la ville d’Ekaterinbourg (Sverdlovsk pendant la période soviétique)dans l’Oural est le troisième foyer d’animation de Russie après Moscou etSaint-Pétersbourg. L’article se penche sur les oeuvres des réalisateurs qui ont fait laréputation de l’école d’animation de l’Oural. L’histoire de l’école d’animation del’Oural se divise en trois étapes : la première génération, celle des fondateurs, quia mis les bases de l’animation de Sverdlovsk avec une poétique et une esthétiqueclassiques mais imaginative ; une deuxième génération, qui a été formée parles grands maîtres expérimentateurs que sont Youri Norstein, Fedor Khitrouk,Edouard Nazarov, Andreï Khrjanovski, pour laquelle l’animation est le lieu detoutes les recherches – de matière, de sens, de mise en scène –; et enfin les réalisateursnés dans les années 1960, héritiers de la génération précédente, qui poursuiventet diversifient les recherches de leurs aînés et s’engagent dans de nouvelles voiesd’expression artistique.

Город Екатеринбург на Урале (Свердловск в советский период) –третий очаг российской анимации, после Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга. Встатье рассматриваются произведения режиссёров, создавших имя Уральскойшколы анимации. История этой школы делится на три периода: первоепоколение, поколение основателей, заложивших в базовые начала свердловскойанимации принципы поэтики и эстетики классические, но причастные силевоображения; второе поколение, сформированное такими крупными мастерами-экспериментаторами, как Юрий Норштейн, Фёдор Хитрук, Эдуард Назаров,Андрей Хржановский, для которого анимация служит пространствомисследования во всех областях – материалов, смыслов, режиссуры; и наконец,режиссёры, родившиеся в 1960 годах, наследники предыдущего поколения,продолжающие и развивающие поиски своих предшественников и идущие попути новых способов художественной выразительности.
Как да преосмислим литературните часовници на света? Да дадем пространство на времето (българският случай)
Authors: Vrinat-Nikolov Marie
Published: May 2021

След постколониалните проучвания и възникването на нови въпроси около световната литература, литературната история вече не може да се ограничи до националната рамка. Проучването на литературното пространство с транснационален и трансдисциплинарен подход отваря плодородни перспективи. В моите изследвания за историята на българското литературно пространство един от въпросите, които ми се струват особено важни, тъй като не са достатъчно изучени, е въпросът за литературната темпоралност. Как можем да избегнем „западноевропейския центризъм“, без да пренебрегваме факта, че Париж, Лондон, Берлин, Ню Йорк са „Литературният Гринуич“(Казанова)? Как можем да съпоставим в глобалното пространство, без да ги сравняваме според тяхното „напредване“ или „изостаналост“, времевите измерения на всяко литературно пространство? Точно това се опитвам да начертая, вливайки география (или дори геология) в литературната история.

Since postcolonial studies and the renewal of questions about World literature, literary history can no longer be confined to a national perspective. Addressing the literary fact in a transnational and transdisciplinary approach opens up fertile perspectives. In my research on the history of the Bulgarian literary space, one of the points that seems crucial to me because it has not been sufficiently studied is the question of literary temporality. How can we escape from “Western European centrism” without neglecting the fact that Paris, London, Berlin, New York are the “Literary Greenwich” (Casanova)? How can we put into perspective without compaing them in terms of “advance” or “backwardness” the temporalities of each literary space within the global space? This is what I am trying to sketch by injecting geography (or even geology) into literary history.

Depuis les études postcoloniales et le renouvellement des interrogations sur la littérature‑monde, l’histoire littéraire ne peut plus s’en tenir à une perspective nationale. Aborder le fait littéraire dans une approche transnationale et transdisciplinaire ouvre des perspectives fécondes. Dans mes recherches sur l’histoire de l’espace littéraire bulgare, l’un des points qui me semblent cruciaux parce qu’insuffisamment étudiés est la question de la temporalité littéraire. Comment échapper au « centrisme ouest‑européen » sans négliger le fait que Paris, Londres, Berlin, New York soient les « Greenwich littéraires » (Casanova) ? Comment mettre en perspective sans les comparer en termes d’« avance » ou de « retard » les temporalités de chaque espace littéraire au sein de l’espace mondial ? C’est ce que je tente d’esquisser en insufflant de la géographie (voire de la géologie) dans l’histoire littéraire.
Un Polonais au « Far East » : Asie fantôme. À travers la Sibérie sauvage (1898‑1905) de Ferdynand Ossendowski (1923)
Authors: Monluçon Anne-Marie
Published: May 2021

The travelogue by Antoni Ferdynand Ossendowski, Man and Mystery in Asia. Through Wild Siberia (1898‑1905), written in 1923 and translated from English into French in 1925, results from a complex editorial history and still awaits a translation from the Polish original. The aim here is to shed some light on the reasons for its success at its first reception and its rediscovery since 1989 and the rise of censorship in Poland: Why (re)read Man and Mystery in Asia? This book, which goes beyond the scientific writings of the Polish geologist, can be read at least at three additional levels: as the literary narrative of a scientist, it articulates science with economics and ecology; as a text inspired by Anglo‑Saxon or Polish adventure novels, it stands out as an anticolonial western in the Far East; as the text of an author who had escaped a manhunt by Russian and Mongolian revolutionaries in 1920‑1921, a story narrated in Beasts, Men and Gods, he depicts a whole shadow world, where the narrator experiences proximity with death and the dead.

Le récit de voyage d’Antoni Ferdynand Ossendowski, Asie fantôme. À travers la Sibérie sauvage (1898‑1905), écrit en 1923 et traduit en français en 1925, via l’anglais, résulte d’une histoire éditoriale complexe et attend encore une traduction d’après l’original polonais. Il s’agit d’éclairer ici les raisons de son succès lors de sa première réception et celles de sa redécouverte depuis 1989 et la levée de la censure en Pologne : pourquoi (re)lire Asie fantôme ? Ce livre qui double les écrits scientifiques du géologue polonais peut faire l’objet d’au moins trois lectures complémentaires : comme récit littéraire d’un scientifique, il articule la science avec l’économie et l’écologie ; comme texte inspiré des romans d’aventures anglo‑saxons ou polonais, il s’impose comme un western anti‑colonial du Far East ; comme texte d’un auteur rescapé d’une chasse à l’homme des révolutionnaires russes et mongols en 1920‑1921, racontée dans Bêtes, hommes et dieux, il déploie tout un monde fantômal, où le narrateur côtoie la mort et les morts.
Jacek Hugo-Bader in the footsteps of Ryszard Kapuściński and Svetlana Alexievitch in the former USSR (White Fever. From Moscow to Vladisvostok, 2009)
Authors: Vandenborre Katia
Published: May 2021

Of the four books which were written by Jacek Hugo‑Bader, three are held in Russia and in the territories of the former Soviet Union: In the Paradise Valley, Among the Weeds herbes [W rajskiej dolinie, wśród zielska, 2002], White Fever [Biała gorączka, 2009] and Kolyma Diaries [Dzienniki kołymskie, 2010]. This Russianness is the starting point of the present article which aims to place Hugo‑Bader’s literary personality in the Polish galaxy of travel writers. His interest for post‑Soviet space connects Hugo‑Bader with two writers who have distinguished themselves in this field: Svetlana Aleksievič and Ryszard Kapuściński. Considering the method, the collection of material, the relationship to witnesses, the vision of Russian power, the storytelling and the use of literature, the comparison will help to identify some of Hugo‑Bader’s most important specificities.

Sur les quatre livres que compte l’oeuvre de Jacek Hugo‑Bader, trois se déroulent en Russie et dans les territoires de l’ex‑URSS : Dans la vallée paradisiaque, parmi les mauvaises herbes [W rajskiej dolinie, wśród zielska, 2002], La Fièvre blanche [Biała gorączka, 2009] et Le Journal de la Kolyma [Dzienniki kołymskie, 2010]. Cette prédominance russophone constitue le point de départ du présent article dont l’objet est de situer la personnalité littéraire d’Hugo‑Bader, dans la pléiade polonaise des écrivains voyageurs. L’intérêt pour l’espace post‑soviétique invite en effet à rapprocher Hugo‑Bader de deux écrivains qui se sont illustrés dans le domaine : Svetlana Aleksievitch et Ryszard Kapuściński. En prenant en compte la méthode, la collecte de matériau, la relation aux témoins, le rapport au pouvoir russe, la mise en récit et l’utilisation de la littérature, la comparaison permettra de dégager ainsi quelques‑unes des spécificités de l’auteur de La Fièvre blanche.
East of Andrzej Stasiuk (2014)
Authors: Kaczmarek Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

In his book East Andrzej Stasiuk claims that he was still traveling east. Just like traveling, Stasiuk’s writings are a form of documentation and exploration of nuances, colors and differences that can be recognized in the world. In the presented text I focus on the geography of texts by Stasiuk, on the representation of Eastern Europe considered as the margin of the Old Continent. The purpose of my article is to explain what the East according to Andrzej Stasiuk is from a cultural, mental and even political point of view. Literary and travel experience encourages reflection on the new European geography after 1989 and reflection on its identity.

Dans son livre Wschód [Orient], Andrzej Stasiuk soutient qu’il a toujours voyagé à l’Est. Comme ses voyages, les écrits de Stasiuk sont une forme de documentation du monde et d’exploration de ses nuances, de ses couleurs et de ses différences. Dans cet article notre attention se portera sur la géographie des textes de Stasiuk, sur la représentation de l’Est de l’Europe, considéré comme marge du Vieux Continent. Mon but est d’expliquer ce que l’Est représente pour Stasiuk du point de vue culturel, mental, voire politique. L’expérience littéraire et celle du voyageur invitent à réfléchir sur la nouvelle géographie de l’Europe après 1989 et sur son identité.

W swojej książce Wschód Andrzej Stasiuk twierdzi, że wciąż podróżował na wschód. Podobnie jak podróże, pisma Stasiuka są formą dokumentacji oraz eksploracji niuansów, kolorów i różnic, które można rozpoznać w świecie. W prezentowanym tekście skupiam się się na geografii tekstów Stasiuka, na reprezentacji Europy Wschodniej uważanej za margines Starego Kontynentu. Celem mojego artykułu jest wyjaśnienie, czym jest Wschód według Andrzeja Stasiuka z kulturowego, mentalnego, a nawet politycznego punktu widzenia. Doświadczenie literackie i podróżnicze zachęca do refleksji nad nową geografią Europy po 1989 r. oraz namysłu nad jej tożsamością.
L’anti‑journal de voyage en Amérique de Miron Białoszewski (AAmérique, 1988 et Journal secret, 2012)
Authors: Fiut Alexander
Published: May 2021

Miron Białoszewski was a Polish poet, novelist and playwright. He left two narratives of his trip to the United States in the fall of 1982: the first one is a travel log entitled AAmeryka [Aamerica] published in 1988, five years after Białoszewski’s death: the second one is a part of his Tajny Dziennik [Secret diary], published in 2012. One could say about America, that it is an “anti‑diary.” We can better appreciate the uniqueness of this book, if we compare his depiction of the New World, with what we can find in America [Amérique], antoher “anti‑diary,” written by Jean Baudrillard and published in 1986. Białoszewski contemplates America, maybe with some preconceived ideas, but he is shaped by his own historical experience and worldview. In his American trip, Baudrillard finds, above all, a confirmation of his catastrophist predictions.

Miron Białoszewski (1922‑1983), poète, prosateur et dramaturge, a laissé deux témoignages de son séjour aux États‑Unis, effectué à l’automne 1982 : le premier est un récit de voyage intitulé AAmérique [AAmeryka], qui paraît en 1988, soit cinq années après la mort de l’auteur ; le deuxième est constitué par une partie de son Journal secret [Tajny dziennik], qui n’a été publié qu’en 2012. D’AAmérique, on peut dire qu’il s’agit d’un « anti‑journal ». Pour mieux appréhender la particularité de celui‑ci, il est intéressant de confronter l’image du Nouveau Monde qui s’en dégage de celle qu’on trouve dans un autre « anti‑journal », Amérique, de Jean Baudrillard, publié en 1986. Białoszewski contemple l’Amérique d’un regard, peut‑être non dénué de tout a priori, mais façonné par une expérience historique et une vision du monde qui lui sont propres. Baudrillard trouve dans ce voyage américain la confirmation de ses diagnostics catastrophistes.
« In sentinel in its own house ». Reflections on the terrorism as civil war - the case study of the French wars of religion (1562-1598).
Authors: Foa Jérémie
Published: May 2021

This paper offers to think about the problems faced by a society confronted with the presence - real or fantasized - of the « enemy within ». In this society, the identification of the other and the self-presentation do not only serve to protect the social honor but are matters of life and death. What are the skills mobilized for identifying the "suspects"? The wars of Religion (1562-1598) can help to think of a society confronted with sudden violence and, just like the terrorism, from the inside of the community.

La presente contribución propone una reflexion sobre los problemas encontrados por una sociedad confrontada con la presencia - efectivo o fantaseada - de un "enemigo interior". En esta sociedad, el reconocimiento de los otros y la presentación de sí mismo no tienen por objeto unico de proteger el honor social, pero son situaciones de vida o muerto ¿ Cuáles son las competencias movilizadas para identidiar a los "sospechosos"? Las guerras de Religión (1562-1598) pueden ayudar a pensar una sociedad confrontada con la irrupción de una violencia súbita y, como el terrorismo, venida del interior de la comunidad.

La présente contribution se propose de réfléchir aux problèmes rencontrés par une société confrontée à la présence – réelle ou fantasmée – d’un « ennemi intérieur » prêt à frapper n’importe où, n’importe qui, tapi dans l’indolence, la banalité, la routine et le confort du quotidien. Dans cette société, la reconnaissance d’autrui et la présentation de soi n’ont plus pour but de protéger l’honneur social mais engagent des questions de vie ou de mort. Quelles sont les compétences mobilisées pour débusquer les « suspects » ? Les guerres de Religion (1562-1598) peuvent aider à penser une société confrontée à l’irruption d’une violence soudaine et, à l’image du terrorisme, venue de l’intérieur de la communauté
Subversive Paradigms of the Subject in Nan Goldin’s queer Photography: Human Plurality and Epistemological Revisions
Authors: Grué Mélanie
Published: May 2021

This article associates discourses on the subject, the sociology of photography and Nan Goldin’s work, and argues that the photographer questions gender paradigms leading to the definition of « abject » identities. As she reinvests the snapshot aesthetic and family photography, Goldin reveals the plurality of gender identities. Her photography documents the dismantling of the heterosexual couple and claims the social viability of homosexuals, transgender people and drag queens, thus rising to the status of subaltern knowledge and counter-discourse on humanity.

Cet article croise les discours sur le sujet, la sociologie de la photographie et l’oeuvre de Nan Goldin, et soutient que la photographe interrogeles paradigmes de genre menant à la définition d’identités « abjectes ». En réinvestissant l’esthétique de l’instantané et de la photographie de famille, Goldin rend compte de la pluralité des identités de genre. Sa photographie documente le délitement du couple hétérosexuel et revendique la viabilité des identités homosexuelles, des transgenres et des drag queens, s’érigeant en savoir minoritaire et en contre discours sur l’humain.

Questo articolo incrocio i discorsi sul soggetto, la sociologia della fotografia e sostiene che la fotografia da Nan Goldin interroga i paradigmi di genere che conduce alla definizione da identità “abiette”. Reinvestendo l’estetica dell’istantanea e della fotografia di famiglia, Goldin rende conto della pluralità delle identità di genere. La sua fotografia documenta lo smontagio della coppia eterosessuale e rivendichi la viabilità delle identità omosessuali, dei transgenres e dei drag queens, che si erigono scibile minoritario ed in contro discorso sull’umano
“Passing through” sociability or how encounters with moderate otherness allow intercultural sharing
Authors: Neveu Pauline Marie
Published: May 2021

Sociability is a central concept in sociology. Applying it to new ways of creating social bounds questions the mere definition of the concept, particularly in its relationship with otherness. We suggest using the “passing through” sociability in order to better understand the tensions between likeness and otherness at the core of social relationships between strangers. Specifically, this paper aims to illustrate moments of intercultural openness between members of a hospitality exchange network.

La sociabilité est un concept central dans la discipline sociologique. Son application aux nouvelles manières de constituer des liens sociaux interroge la définition même du concept, particulièrement dans son rapport à l’altérité. En suggérant l’idée de la sociabilité dite «  du passage  », nous proposons de mieux comprendre les tensions entre ressemblance et altérité au cœur des relations sociales entre inconnus. Précisément, cet article vise à mettre en avant des illustrations de moments d’ouverture interculturelle dans les relations entre membres d’un réseau d’échange d’hospitalité.
Ecologies of Integration: Palestinian Socio-Cultural Activism in Sweden
Authors: Christou Fanny
Published: May 2021

This article aims to critically analyse established integration models and look into how migrants/diasporas actively create practices of encounter, dialogue and mutual learning within host societies. This paper is based on fieldwork in a Swedish local space (Malmö) and explores the diversity of artistic activism of the Palestinians in Sweden in order to analyse its consequences on the concept of integration.

Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser de manière critique les formes d’intégration en interrogeant comment les migrants/diasporas créent activement des pratiques de rencontre, de dialogue et de compréhension mutuelle au sein des sociétés d’accueil. Ce papier se base sur une étude de terrain réalisée au sein d’un espace local suédois (Malmö) et explore la diversité du militantisme artistique des Palestiniens en Suède dans le but d’analyser ses conséquences sur le concept d’intégration.
City-Shackles and Nature-Freedom: Autism Challenged by Social Norms
Authors: Marchionni Anna-Livia
Published: May 2021

I met people with Asperger syndrome to explore their relationship to nature by collecting their testimony and conducting ethnographic surveys at the homes of two of them. From these testimonies and observations, I articulate my remarks around two central axes: if the importance of the sensoriality in their relationship with nature and environment is highlighted, a second axis emerges: that of stigmatization and experience of rejection, which would lead the people I met to turn to nature as a space freed from social norms.

J’ai rencontré 24  personnes porteuses du syndrome d’Asperger afin d’explorer leur rapport à la nature en recueillant leurs témoignages et en réalisant des enquêtes ethnographiques au domicile de deux d’entre elles. À partir de ces témoignages et observations, j’articule mon propos autour de deux axes centraux : si l’importance de la sensorialité dans leur rapport à la nature et à l’environnement est mise en évidence, une deuxième problématique apparaît : la stigmatisation et un vécu de rejet qui inciteraient les personnes que j’ai rencontrées à se tourner vers la nature comme un espace libéré des normes sociales.
Does Virtual Reality Make More Room for the Patient? A Look Back at an Experimental Therapeutic Research System
Authors: Sainsaulieu Ivan , Vega Anne
Published: May 2021

We follow from a socio-anthropological point of view the ins and outs of an experiment in neuroscience, showing a desire to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of a virtual reality device (VR) in the treatment of phobias. Patient participation, which is at the heart of therapeutic promise and the use of virtual reality technology, is partial and relatively unthinking. The actors prioritize research on the clinic and share the classic representation of the “good patient” (actionable, without social constraints, available), or even of a heroic patient, capable of an unusual endurance and adaptability. This representation goes hand in hand with the underestimation of the therapeutic tests inherent in the use of virtual reality and with the underestimation of the patient’s analytical capacities during the experiment itself.

Nous suivons d’un point de vue socio-anthropologique les tenants et les aboutissants d’une expérimentation en neurosciences, affichant une volonté d’augmenter l’efficacité thérapeutique d’un dispositif de réalité virtuelle (RV) dans le traitement de phobies. La participation du patient, pourtant au cœur de la promesse thérapeutique et du recours à la technologie de la réalité virtuelle, s’avère partielle et relativement impensée. Les acteurs priorisent la recherche sur la clinique et partagent la représentation classique du « bon patient » (actionnable, sans contraintes sociales, disponible), voire d’un patient héroïque, capable d’une endurance et d’une capacité d’adaptation peu ordinaires. Cette représentation va de pair avec la sous-estimation des épreuves thérapeutiques inhérentes à l’usage de la réalité virtuelle et avec la sous-évaluation des capacités d’analyse du patient durant l’expérimentation elle-même.