bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of childhood maltreatment on cortical thickness and gray matter volume: a coordinate-based meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Wei , Jin Shushu , Duan Weiwei , Yu Hao , Ping Liangliang , Shen Zonglin , Cheng Yuqi , Xu Xiufeng , Zhou Cong
Published: March 2023

Childhood maltreatment has been suggested to have an adverse impact on neurodevelopment, including microstructural brain abnormalities. Existing neuroimaging findings remain inconsistent and heterogeneous. We aim to explore the most prominent and robust cortical thickness (CTh) and gray matter volume (GMV) alterations associated with childhood maltreatment. A systematic search on relevant studies was conducted through September 2022. The whole-brain coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) on CTh and GMV studies were conducted using the seed-baseddmapping (SDM) software. Meta-regression analysis was subsequently applied to investigate potential associations between clinical variables and structural changes. A total of 45 studies were eligible for inclusion, including 11 datasets on CTh and 39 datasets on GMV, consisting of 2550 participants exposed to childhood maltreatment and 3739 unexposed comparison subjects. Individuals with childhood maltreatment exhibited overlapped deficits in the median cingulate/paracingulate gyri simultaneously revealed by both CTh and GM studies. Regional cortical thinning in the right anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri and the left middle frontal gyrus, as well as GMV reductions in the left supplementary motor area (SMA) was also identified. No greater regions were found for either CTh or GMV. In addition, several neural morphology changes were associated with the average age of the maltreated individuals. The median cingulate/paracingulate gyri morphology might serve as the most robust neuroimaging feature of childhood maltreatment. The effects of early-life trauma on the human brain predominantly involved in cognitive functions, socio-affective functioning and stress regulation. This current meta-analysis enhanced the understanding of neuropathological changes induced by childhood maltreatment.
Literacy and early language development: Insights from computational modelling
Authors: MONAGHAN Padraic
Published: March 2023

Computational models of reading have tended to focus on the cognitive requirements of mapping among written, spoken, and meaning representations of individual words in adult readers. Consequently, the alignment of these computational models with behavioural studies of reading development has to date been limited. Models of reading have provided us with insights into the architecture of the reading system, and these have recently been extended to investigate literacy development, and the early language skills that influence children’s reading. These models show us: how learning to read builds on early language skills, why various reading interventions might be more or less effective for different children, and how reading develops across different languages and writing systems. Though there is growing alignment between descriptive models of reading behaviour and computational models, there remains a gap, and I lay out the groundwork for how translation may become increasingly effective through future modelling work.
How Hermann Kantorowicz Changed His Mind About America and Its Law, 1927–34
Authors: Schmidt Katharina Isabel
Published: March 2023

Hermann Kantorowicz crossed the Atlantic twice: to take up a visiting professorship at Columbia Law School in the summer of 1927, and to find refuge at New York's University in Exile in 1933/1934. Between his first and second stay, the German-Jewish émigré changed his mind about America and its law fundamentally. While he had—patronizingly—praised his US colleagues for “catch[ing] up… intellectually” in 1927, he accused them of “destroy[ing] the Law itself” in 1934. Reconstructing Kantorowicz's change of heart, my article uncovers just how open the transatlantic 1930s still were in jurisprudential matters. As leader of the so-called “free law” movement, Kantorowicz had sparked a turn to “life” in German legal science in the years before World War I. Throughout the 1920s, he had then watched contentedly, as American “realist” scholars drew on free law ideas for their own critical projects. By 1934, however, Kantorowicz could not help but notice parallels between New Deal and Nazi law. To his mind, both Roosevelt's and Hitler's jurists had started turning his moderate free law ideas into a radical—and dangerous—legal nihilism: in designating law as life's only source, they shunned scientific legal methods. In light of these concerns, my article excavates life-law's delicate suspension between peril and potential. My sources reveal a striking, triangular relationship between German free law, American legal realism, and Nazi life-jurisprudence.
Catering of high-risk foods and potential of stored food menu data for timely outbreak investigations in healthcare facilities, Italy and Germany
Authors: Boone Idesbald , D'Errico Michele Luca , Iannetti Luigi , Scavia Gaia , Tozzoli Rosangela , Ethelberg Steen , Eckmanns Tim , Stark Klaus , Wilking Hendrik , Haller Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Healthcare-associated foodborne outbreaks (HA-FBOs) can cause significant morbidity and mortality, affecting particularly vulnerable hospital populations. Electronic records of food served in healthcare facilities (HCFs) could be useful for timely investigations of HA-FBOs. We explored the availability and usability of electronic food menu data to support investigations of HA-FBOs through a survey among 35 HCFs in Germany (n = 13) and in Italy (n = 22). Large variability was reported in the storage time of menu data (from no storage up to 10 years) and their formats, including paper, electronic (PDF, Word, Excel), or fully searchable databases (15/22 in Italian HCFs, 3/13 in German HCFs). Food products that may present a risk to vulnerable persons – including deli salads, raw/fermented sausage products, soft cheese, smoked fish or frozen berries – were offered on the menu of all HCFs in Germany, and one-third of the Italian HCFs. The usability of electronic food menu data for the prevention or investigation of HA-FBOs may be suboptimal in a large number of HCFs in Germany, as well as in some HCFs in Italy. Standardised collection for use of electronic food menu data might help discover the association between illnesses and food eaten during outbreak investigations. Hospital hygienists, food safety and public health authorities should collaborate to increase implementation of food safety guidelines.
Ornamental melismas in Aquitanian introits
Authors: KELLY THOMAS FORREST
Published: March 2023

Melismas are used to decorate the performance of introits in the early manuscripts of East Francia and of the region of Aquitaine. The former group includes melismas attached to the ends of phrases in manuscripts of the tenth and eleventh centuries. The Aquitanian practice, apart from a few introits that resemble the East Frankish usage, is to add substantial melismas – not the same as those used by the East Franks – to the final soloistic doxology, as a sort of flourish indicating the final reprise. These melismas are sometimes found in tonaries, perhaps for general application to any introit in the mode, and sometimes attached to individual introits. Melismas from Aquitanian tonaries, graduals and tropers are catalogued and described. These melismas are evidently portable, often being used for more than one occasion.
A conversation with Koji Mizoguchi. On globalization, Japanese archaeology and archaeological theory today
Authors: Ribeiro Artur
Published: March 2023

On the occasion of a short research trip to Japan, I had the opportunity to sit down with Professor Koji Mizoguchi in Kyushu University, Fukuoka, to discuss several topics, which you will find transcribed below. I was curious as to his thoughts that he – as the President of the World Archaeological Congress, a non-governmental and non-profit organization that promotes the exchange of archaeological results, training at a global scale and the empowerment of Indigenous and minority groups, a Professor of Social Archaeology, and one of the few archaeologists writing archaeological theory in the far East – had on the state of the art of archaeology today. Furthermore, since I grew up in Europe but nevertheless feel a deep connection with my own Asian ancestry, I was very interested in Mizoguchi’s own experience and contributions to archaeology in Japan and the world.
Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt und psychische Beanspruchung im Homeoffice während der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Zimber Andreas
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Aus früheren Studien ist bekannt, dass die Arbeit im Homeoffice zu einem Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt mit negativen Beanspruchungsfolgen beitragen kann. Nach den Annahmen des Job-Demands-Resources-Modells können persönliche Ressourcen das individuelle Beanspruchungsrisiko abschwächen. Diese Annahme wurde am Beispiel der Resilienz in einer online-Querschnittserhebung während der 3. Corona-Welle in Deutschland bei N=142 Beschäftigten im Zusammenhang mit der Arbeit im Homeoffice überprüft. Untersucht wurden Irritation und Vitalität als abhängige Variablen, Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt als unabhängige Variable und Resilienz als potenzieller Moderator. Es wurde angenommen, dass resilientere Personen weniger Irritation infolge von Arbeit-Familie-Konflikten im Homeoffice erleben. Eine Moderatoranalyse bestätigte den postulierten Interaktionseffekt. Die Resilienz stellt beim Umgang mit Arbeit-Familie-Konflikten im Homeoffice somit eine relevante persönliche Ressource dar. Praktische Implikationen für die Personalentwicklung und betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung werden diskutiert.
Physical Oceanography: The Shift to a Global View and Its Changing Culture
Authors: Wunsch Carl
Published: March 2023

Many changes took place in physical oceanography over the last 60 years, as the science encountered the global‐scale problems of climate and in the availability of numerous new technologies. Changes have been in the known science, and in the intellectual culture in which it is pursued.
Projected Climate‐Driven Changes of Water Table Depth in the World's Major Groundwater Basins
Authors: Costantini Maya , Colin Jeanne , Decharme Bertrand
Published: March 2023

As groundwater found in aquifers is the main reservoir of freshwater for human activity, knowledge of the future response of groundwater to climate change is key for improving water management adaptation plans. We analyze the climate‐driven evolution of future levels of unconfined aquifers in the 218 world's major groundwater basins in global climate simulations following the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenarios, run with models able to capture feedbacks among climate, land use and groundwater. We find a rising of groundwater levels on global average, which is consistent with the projected global intensification of precipitation. This signal presents large regional disparities which mostly match the patterns of precipitation changes. As the climate models we used do not simulate human groundwater withdrawals (irrigation as well as domestic and industrial uses) which represent the other main driver of groundwater levels evolution, we also use Food and Agriculture Organization maps of present‐day irrigated areas and projections of population in 2100 to identify regions where groundwater withdrawals could exacerbate the projected depletion, or even reverse a projected rise into a depletion. Depending on the scenario, we then find a rise (respectively a depletion) of groundwater levels in 2100 over 33%[28–39]% to 42%[41–45]% (respectively 26%[25–32]% to 37%[36–40]%) of the area covered by the 218 world's major groundwater basins. And we estimate that 31%[29–36]% to 43%[42–44]% of the world's population could be affected by these groundwater changes, facing either water scarcity issues (for 29%[27–33]% to 40%[39–40]% of the population), or increased risks of flooding (for 1.7%[1.5–2.2]% to 2.2%[2.2–2.4]% of the population).
Variability of Antenna Signals From Dust Impacts
Authors: Shen Mitchell M. , Sternovsky Zoltan , Malaspina David M.
Published: March 2023

Electric field instruments carried by spacecraft (SC) are complementary to dedicated dust detectors by registering transient voltage perturbations caused by impact‐generated plasma. The signal waveform contains information about the interaction between the impact‐generated plasma cloud and the elements of SC‐antenna system. The variability of antenna signals from dust impacts has not yet been systematically characterized. A set of laboratory measurements are performed to characterize signal variations in response to SC parameters (bias voltage and antenna configuration) and impactor parameters (impact speed and composition). The measurements demonstrate that dipole antenna configurations are sensitive to dust impacts and that the detected signals vary with impact location. When dust impacts occur at low speeds, the antennas typically register smaller amplitudes and less characteristic impact signal shapes. In this case, impact event identification may be more challenging due to lower signal‐to‐noise ratios and/or more variable waveforms shapes, indicating the compound nature of nonfully developed impact‐generated plasmas. To investigate possible variations in the impacting materials, the measurements are carried out using two dust samples with different mass densities: iron and aluminum. No significant variations of the measured waveform or plasma parameters obtained from data analysis are observed between the two materials used.
Mapping the Spatial Footprint of Sea Breeze Winds in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Bao Shaowu , Pietrafesa Leonard , Gayes Paul , Noble Stephen , Viner Brian , Qian Jian‐Hua , Werth David , Mitchell Grant , Burdette Savannah
Published: March 2023

Sea breeze winds are observed at various locations worldwide, but the spatially continuous mapping of sea breeze winds is rare. We have developed a scheme to map the areas of the southeastern United States (SEUS) coast influenced by sea breeze winds using a range of surface re‐analysis data to identify their occurrence. Changes in wind direction and dew point temperature are both used to detect a potential sea breeze signature, which is then confirmed by cumuliform clouds seen in satellite images or coastal fronts shown as cohesive lines in radar reflectivity images. Filters are employed to remove onshore winds not induced by the temperature difference between land and sea. From March to September 2019, this scheme identified 134 days with sea breeze occurrence somewhere in the SEUS, a frequency of 63 percent. The number of sea breezes increased from March to July and then decreased to September. Deep inland propagation of sea breezes during this period left footprints in a band parallel to the coastline up to about 220 km inland, after which the sea breeze winds quickly diminished. Comparisons show that the findings using the scheme are consistent with site observations, theoretical estimates, and idealized and semi‐idealized numerical model simulations.
Assimilating Sentinel‐3 All‐Sky PWV Retrievals to Improve the WRF Forecasting Performance Over the South China
Authors: Gong Yangzhao , Liu Zhizhao , Chan Pak Wai , Hon Kai Kwong
Published: March 2023

Water vapor is a key driver for the evolution of weather system. To investigate the impact of assimilating Sentinel‐3 precipitable water vapor (PWV) on weather forecasting, Sentinel‐3 PWV retrievals over the South China with two different assimilation schemes are assimilated into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. In the first assimilation scheme, only Sentinel‐3 clear‐sky PWV are assimilated, while Sentinel‐3 all‐sky PWV are assimilated for the second assimilation scheme. For both data assimilation schemes, we totally conduct 28 WRF data assimilation runs and forecasts for 28 selected days over two periods, that is, 14 days in March 2020 and 14 days in June 2020. The weather condition in June 2020 is much wetter than March 2020. Generally, assimilating Sentinel‐3 PWV improves the WRF forecasting performance, particularly for June 2020. Assimilation of all‐sky PWV outperforms assimilation of clear‐sky PWV. The comparison results with radiosonde profiles show that assimilating Sentinel‐3 PWV appreciably corrects the bias of WRF water vapor mixing ratio forecasting results for June 2020. The rainfall validation results show that both assimilation schemes show a positive impact in June 2020, but a neutral impact in March 2020. For June 2020, assimilating Sentinel‐3 all‐sky PWV improves rainfall forecast skill score by 2.4%, while the rainfall forecast score is improved by 1.0% after assimilating clear‐sky PWV. Additionally, assimilation of Sentinel‐3 PWV can modify the WRF moisture field, which further improves the rainfall spatial pattern.
RIMFAX Ground Penetrating Radar Reveals Dielectric Permittivity and Rock Density of Shallow Martian Subsurface
Authors: Casademont T. M. , Eide S. , Shoemaker E. S. , Liu Y. , Nunes D. C. , Russell P. , Dypvik H. , Amundsen H. E. F. , Berger T. , Hamran S.‐E.
Published: March 2023

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover is equipped with the RIMFAX ground penetrating radar instrument which has been continuously surveying the shallow subsurface during the rover's journey. Within the first 379 mission days, we identify hyperbolic patterns in the data, which are thought to be caused by objects such as buried boulders or cavities located in the upper 5 m of the subsurface. To obtain the first detailed estimates of radar wave propagation velocity, we match these scatterer‐generated patterns with theoretical traveltime hyperbolas, which take into account the refraction at the surface. We employ these estimates to derive the average dielectric permittivity and bulk rock density of the volume above the scatterer source. The parameters compare well with those obtained through orbital radar measurements and those measured by other instruments onboard the Perseverance Rover. Our findings are consistent with a subsurface dominated by solid rock and mafic material.
Shattered Veins Elucidate Brittle Creep Processes in the Deep Slow Slip and Tremor Region
Authors: Muñoz‐Montecinos J. , Angiboust S. , Garcia‐Casco A. , Raimondo T.
Published: March 2023

Deep Slow Slip and Tremors (SSTs) are a combination of transient clusters of tectonic tremors and slow slip associated with extremely elevated fluid pressures. SSTs are thought to reflect a transition from viscous to brittle plate interface rheology and likely exert a first‐order control on megathrust seismicity. Nevertheless, the deformation mechanisms governing the source of SSTs remain elusive. We herein document the occurrence of vein networks precipitated and brecciated within the deep SST region under blueschist‐facies conditions. These lawsonite‐rich vein sets exhibit extensive evidence of brittle deformation and are spatially related to localized, finely milled (cataclastic) shear bands. Petro‐geochemical data reveal that brittle deformation was accompanied by the injection of several ultramafic‐, mafic‐ and metasedimentary‐derived fluid pulses, imprinting characteristic Cr, high field strength elements, and light over heavy rare earth elements positive anomalies in the vein breccias while leaching light rare earth elements from the cataclastic blueschist host. Our results suggest that metamorphic veins represent zones of mechanical anisotropy within the rock volume prone to localized shearing, brittle deformation and episodic injection of externally derived fluids. These networks demonstrate the importance of former vein sets as structural heterogeneities in triggering fluid‐controlled brittle creep events. The combined effects of high pore fluid pressures and rheological heterogeneities in the form of metamorphic veins could trigger the nucleation and propagation of SSTs at the margins of this mechanically anisotropic environment, and thus determine where slip will take place along deep subduction interfaces.
Incoming Neutron Flux Corrections for Cosmic‐Ray Soil and Snow Sensors Using the Global Neutron Monitor Network
Authors: McJannet D. L. , Desilets D.
Published: March 2023

Cosmic‐ray neutron sensors (CRNS) have been used in many studies for measuring soil moisture and snow pack over intermediate scales. Corrections for barometric pressure and atmospheric humidity are well established, however, corrections for the effect of solar activity on neutron intensity rates have been overly simplistic, typically relying on one neutron monitor station and accounting for latitude and elevation crudely or not at all. Recognizing the lack of a generalized and scientifically robust approach to neutron intensity correction, we developed a new approach for correcting CRNS count rates based on analysis of data from 110 quality‐controlled neutron monitor stations from around the world spanning more than seven decades. Count rates from each monitor were plotted against the count rates from Climax, CO, USA or Jungfraujoch, Switzerland depending on the time period covered. Relationships between relative counting rates at the site of interest versus the reference neutron monitors were found to be strongly linear. The slope and intercept of these linear relation are both dependent on a scaling factor referred to as , which was shown to increase with increasing geomagnetic latitude and elevation. This dependence was represented using an empirical relationship based on a single reference neutron monitor. This generalized approach enables to be derived for any location on Earth and also lends itself to roving CRNS studies. The correction procedure also includes a location‐dependent normalization factor which enables easy substitution of an alternative reference neutron monitor into the correction procedure.
Irrigation‐Induced Crop Growth Enhances Irrigation Cooling Effect Over the North China Plain by Increasing Transpiration
Authors: Liu Guoshuai , Wang Weiguang
Published: March 2023

The large‐scale irrigation is demonstrated to significantly affect regional hydroclimatic regime by changing underlying surface (e.g., crop growth and soil moisture), yet the contribution of irrigation‐induced crop “greening” to climatic effects is not well understood. In this study, we use a window‐searching algorithm to evaluate the irrigation effects on vegetation with leaf area index (LAI) as a vegetation index, and further conduct three regional climate simulations to investigate the comprehensive effects of irrigation on surface fluxes and local climate over the North China Plain. We find that irrigation leads to a more significant greening in March‐May (MAM) than in June‐September (JJAS). Especially in April and May, the irrigation‐induced change in LAI (ΔLAI) exceeds 0.4 m2 m−2 in intensively irrigated areas. Irrigation induces a cooling effect in air temperature at 2 m with decreasing magnitudes of 0.58°C in MAM and 0.43°C in JJAS, respectively, in which ΔLAI contributes about 34.5% (0.20°C) and 14.0% (0.06°C). Likewise, the irrigation‐induced changes in latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and transpiration are all enlarged via the irrigation greening effect. Whereas the increase in soil evaporation is alleviated, because the greening‐triggered enhancement of crop root uptake reduces the increase in soil moisture. Moreover, irrigation effects on net radiation depend on the competing influences of irrigation‐triggered cooling and cloud formation. This study provides beneficial references to understand the impact of irrigation on regional energy balance and water cycle, and highlights that in modeling hydroclimatic feedback to irrigation, the greening effect induced by irrigation should be considered.
Glacial Lakes Can Unleash Deadly Deluges. How Risky Are They?
Authors: Katz Cheryl
Published: March 2023

Breaches in glacial lake dams threaten millions around the world, and scientists are investigating how climate change might affect that risk.
To metabolomics and beyond: a technological portfolio to investigate cancer metabolism
Authors: Danzi Federica , Pacchiana Raffaella , Mafficini Andrea , Scupoli Maria T. , Scarpa Aldo , Donadelli Massimo , Fiore Alessandra
Published: March 2023

Tumour cells have exquisite flexibility in reprogramming their metabolism in order to support tumour initiation, progression, metastasis and resistance to therapies. These reprogrammed activities include a complete rewiring of the bioenergetic, biosynthetic and redox status to sustain the increased energetic demand of the cells. Over the last decades, the cancer metabolism field has seen an explosion of new biochemical technologies giving more tools than ever before to navigate this complexity. Within a cell or a tissue, the metabolites constitute the direct signature of the molecular phenotype and thus their profiling has concrete clinical applications in oncology. Metabolomics and fluxomics, are key technological approaches that mainly revolutionized the field enabling researchers to have both a qualitative and mechanistic model of the biochemical activities in cancer. Furthermore, the upgrade from bulk to single-cell analysis technologies provided unprecedented opportunity to investigate cancer biology at cellular resolution allowing an in depth quantitative analysis of complex and heterogenous diseases. More recently, the advent of functional genomic screening allowed the identification of molecular pathways, cellular processes, biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets that in concert with other technologies allow patient stratification and identification of new treatment regimens. This review is intended to be a guide for researchers to cancer metabolism, highlighting current and emerging technologies, emphasizing advantages, disadvantages and applications with the potential of leading the development of innovative anti-cancer therapies.
The long non-coding RNA PVT1 promotes tumorigenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma via interaction with 4EBP1
Authors: Li Rong , Huang Dan , Ju Mei , Chen Hong-ying , Luan Chao , Zhang Jia-an , Chen Kun
Published: March 2023

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) plays an oncogenic role in multiple cancers due to its high expression. However, the expression and associated regulatory mechanisms of PVT1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remain unclear. Our results revealed that PVT1 was highly upregulated in cSCC tissues and cSCC cell lines. To determine the functional role of PVT1 in cSCC, we constructed a stable knockdown cell model of PVT1 in the A431 and COLO16 cell lines using a lentiviral approach. Xenograft tumor experiments of nude mice in vivo, and colony formation, CCK-8, and EdU assays in vitro demonstrated that knockdown of PVT1 could widely suppress cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In addition, PVT1 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis, as detected by flow cytometry analysis. Wound healing and transwell assays revealed that PVT1 knockdown significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of CSCC cell lines. To gain insight into the tumorigenic mechanism and explore the potential target molecules of PVT1, we employed label-free quantitative proteomic analysis. The GO, KEGG enrichment, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks suggested that 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) is the possible downstream target effector of PVT1, which was validated by western blot analysis. PVT1 silencing markedly decreased 4EBP1 protein expression levels and directly bound 4EBP1 in the cytoplasm of cSCC cells. 4EBP1 overexpression counteracted the effects of PVT1 knockdown on tumorigenesis in cSCC cells, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Our findings provide strong evidence that PVT1 is an oncogene which plays a role in tumorigenesis of cSCC, that PVT1 may interact with 4EBP1 in the cytoplasm as an underlying mechanism in cSCC carcinogenesis, and that PVT1 combined with 4EBP1 may serve as a potential new therapeutic target for cSCC.
Prediction of air pollutant concentrations based on TCN-BiLSTM-DMAttention with STL decomposition
Authors: Li Wenlin , Jiang Xuchu
Published: March 2023

A model with high accuracy and strong generalization performance is conducive to preventing serious pollution incidents and improving the decision-making ability of urban planning. This paper proposes a new neural network structure based on seasonal–trend decomposition using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (Loess) (STL) and a dependency matrix attention mechanism (DMAttention) based on cosine similarity to predict the concentration of air pollutants. This method uses STL for series decomposition, temporal convolution, a bidirectional long short-term memory network (TCN-BiLSTM) for feature learning of the decomposed series, and DMAttention for interdependent moment feature emphasizing. In this paper, the long short-term memory network (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit network (GRU) are set as the baseline models to design experiments. At the same time, to test the generalization performance of the model, short-term forecasts in hours were performed using PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 data. The experimental results show that the model proposed in this paper is superior to the comparison model in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The MAPE values of the 6 kinds of pollutants are 6.800%, 10.492%, 9.900%, 6.299%, 4.178%, and 7.304%, respectively. Compared with the baseline LSTM and GRU models, the average reduction is 49.111% and 43.212%, respectively.
AMMI-Bayesian perspective in the selection of pre-cultivars of carioca beans in Agreste-Sertão of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: de Melo Gérsia Gonçalves , de Oliveira Luciano Antonio , da Silva Carlos Pereira , da Silva Alessandra Querino , Nascimento Maxwel Rodrigues , de Sousa Gonçalves Ranoel José , dos Santos Paulo Ricardo , da Costa Antônio Félix , Queiroz Damião Ranieri , da Silva José Wilson
Published: March 2023

The productivity of beans is greatly influenced by the different edaphoclimatic conditions in the Agreste-Sertão region, requiring the identification of adapted and stable genotypes to minimize the effects of the interaction between genotypes per environments (GxE). The objective of this work was to analyze the adaptability and stability of carioca bean pre-cultivars in three municipalities in the Agreste-Sertão of Pernambuco using the AMMI model in its Bayesian version BAMMI and compare the results with the frequentist approach. According to the results, the BAMMI analysis showed better predictive capacity, as well as better performance in the study of adaptability and stability. The cultivar BRS Notável stood out in terms of main effect and stability. Adaptability of genotypes to specific locations was also observed, enabling the use of the positive effect of the GxE interaction, which was more evident with the BAMMI model. From this work, the flexibility of BAMMI model to deal with data resulting from multi-environmental experiments can be seen, overcoming limitations of the standard analysis of the AMMI model.
P,N-type phosphaalkene-based Ir(i) complexes: synthesis, coordination chemistry, and catalytic applications
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Drexler Hans-Joachim , Wingad Richard , Wass Duncan , Baráth Eszter , Beweries Torsten , Hering-Junghans Christian
Published: March 2023

Iridium P,N phosphaalkene complexes show a rich coordination chemistry with unusual twofold C–H activation. The Ir(i) chloride complex can be applied for C–N coupling and alcohol upgrading reactions.
Domino Sonogashira coupling/metal carbene-involved annulation enabled by Pd/Cu relay catalysis: rapid assembly of indazole-containing biheteroaryls
Authors: Ding Ruiming , Cui Haili , Zhu Yongyan , Zhou Yao , Tao Huaming , Mai Shaoyu
Published: March 2023

An efficient and novel method has been developed for the synthesis of indazole-containing biheteroaryls via a domino Sonogashira coupling/azaenyne cycloisomerization/Barton–Kellogg reaction.
Admissible transformation approach to Roesser state‐space model realization of singular multidimensional systems
Authors: Zhao Dongdong , Huo Kaige , Xu Li , Galkowski Krzysztof , Sulikowski Bartlomiej , Yan Shi
Published: March 2023

The problem of the singular Roesser (state‐space) model realization of non‐causal multivariate transfer (function) matrices is investigated. Specifically, the notion of so‐called admissible transformation is introduced, which allows to introduce and investigate a novel invariant matrix relationship on polynomial matrices. The singular multidimensional Roesser model (SNDRM) realization is transformed to the problem of how to reduce an initial polynomial matrix associated with the given transfer matrix into the objective polynomial matrix with a specific structure. Construction procedures are developed to obtain SNDRMs by applying admissible transformations on the initial polynomial matrix. Moreover, a separated standard form is introduced for an SNDRM so that the proposed approach can effectively treat both the left and right matrix fractional descriptions of a non‐causal multivariate transfer matrix in a unified manner. Non‐trivial examples are provided to illustrate the details and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A runaway T Tauri star leaving an extended trail
Authors: Martí Josep , Luque-Escamilla Pedro L. , Sánchez-Ayaso Estrella
Published: March 2023

Aims.We address the problem of young stellar objects that are found too far away from possible star formation sites. Different mechanisms have been proposed before to explain this unexpected circumstance. The idea of high-velocity protostars is one of these mechanisms, although observational support is not always easy to obtain. We aim to shed light on this issue after the serendipitous discovery of a related stellar system.

Methods.Following the inspection of archival infrared data, a peculiar anonymous star was found that apparently heads a long tail that resembles a wake-like feature. We conducted a multiwavelength analysis including photometry, astrometry, and spectroscopy. Together with theoretical physical considerations, this approach provided a reasonable knowledge of the stellar age and kinematic properties, together with compelling indications that the extended feature is indeed the signature of a high-velocity, or runaway, newborn star.

Results.Our main result is the discovery of a low-mass young stellar object that fits the concept of a runaway T Tauri star that was hypothesized several decades ago. In this peculiar star, nicknamed UJT-1, the interaction of the stellar wind with the surrounding medium becomes extreme. Under reasonable assumptions, this unusual degree of interaction has the potential to encode the mass-loss history of the star on timescales of several ∼105years.
Gamma-ray spectroscopy of galactic nucleosynthesis
Authors: Diehl Roland , Greiner Jochen , Krause Martin G.H. , Pleintinger Moritz M.M. , Siegert Thomas
Published: March 2023

Diffuse gamma-ray emission from the decay of radioactive 26Al is a messenger from the nucleosynthesis activity in our current-day galaxy. Because this material is attributed to ejections from massive stars and their supernovae, the gamma-ray signal includes information about nucleosynthesis in massive star interiors as it varies with evolutionary stages, and about their feedback on the surrounding interstellar medium. Our method of population synthesis of massive-star groups has been refined as a diagnostic tool for this purpose. It allows to build a bottom-up prediction of the diffuse gamma-ray sky when known massive star group distributions and theoretical models of stellar evolution and core-collapse supernova explosions are employed. We find general consistency of an origin in such massive-star groups, in particular we also find support for the clumpy distribution of such source regions across the Galaxy, and characteristics of large cavities around these. A discrepancy in the integrated 26Al gamma-ray flux is interpreted as an indication for excess 26Al emission from nearby, distributed in cavities that extend over major regions of the sky.
Turbulence and nuclear reactions in 3D hydrodynamics simulations of massive stars
Authors: Rizzuti Federico , Hirschi Raphael , Georgy Cyril , Arnett David , Meakin Casey , Murphy Alexander
Published: March 2023

Our knowledge of massive star evolution and nucleosynthesis is limited by uncertainties related to multi-dimensional processes taking place in stellar interiors. Recently, theoretical works have started to improve 1D stellar evolution codes through the implementation of results from 3D hydrodynamics models, which are used to study multi-D processes on a short time range (minutes or hours) and improve 1D prescriptions. In these proceedings, we present results coming from a new set of high-resolution hydrodynamics simulations of the neon-burning shell in a massive star, employing the PROMPI code. We focus in particular on the interplay between turbulence and nuclear reactions, discussing the impact that different boosting factors of the nuclear rates have on the results. This has important implications for supernova studies, nucleosynthesis, the physics of neutron stars and black holes.
Stellar s-process neutron capture cross sections on ASe and ACe
Authors: Sahoo Rudra N. , Tessler Moshe , Halfon Shlomi , Kijel Dani , Kreisel Arik , Paul Michael , Shor Asher , Weissman Leo
Published: March 2023

We report on experiments at the Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility Liquid-Lithium Target (SARAF-LiLiT) laboratory dedicated to the study of s-process neutron capture reactions. The kW-power proton beam at 1.92 MeV (1-2 mA) from SARAF Phase I yields high-intensity 30 keV quasi-Maxwellian neutrons (3-5 1010 n/s). The high neutron intensity enables Maxwellian averaged cross sections (MACS) measurements of samples with short-lived decay products. Neutron capture reactions on natSe and natCe were investigated by activation in the LiLiT neutron beam and γ-spectrometry measurements of their decay products.
Tension between implications from PREX-2 data and gravitational tidal response on dense matter equation of state
Authors: Thapa Vivek Baruah , Sinha Monika
Published: March 2023

Recently an improved value of neutron skin thickness of 208Pb was reported in Lead Radius EXperiment-2 (PREX-2) to be Rskin = Rn Rp = (0.283 0.071) fm which corresponds to high estimations of nuclear symmetry energy (Esym) and its slope (Lsym). The updated values of Esym and Lsym commensurating to the neutron star observable estimations lie exterior to the astrophysical observed range. The higher values of Lsym at n0 deduced from recent PREX-2 data correlates to matter being easily deformable (yielding higher radius values) around intermediate matter densities leading to higher values of Λ̃ creating a tension between the terrestrial and astrophysical observations. In this study, we exploit this tension to constrain the Δ-scalar meson coupling parameter space.
Indirect measurements of neutron-induced reaction cross sections at storage rings
Authors: Sguazzin M. , Jurado B. , Pibernat J. , Swartz J. A. , Grieser M. , Glorius J. , Litvinov Y. A. , Reifarth R. , Blaum K. , Alfaurt P. , Ascher P. , Audouin L. , Berthelot C. , Blank B. , Bruckner B. , Dellmann S. , Dillmann I. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dupuis M. , Erbacher P. , Flayol M. , Forstner O. , Freire-Fernández D. , Gerbaux M. , Giovinazzo J. , Grévy S. , Griffin C. J. , Gumberidze A. , Heil S. , Heinz A. , Kurtulgil D. , Leckenby G. , Litvinov S. , Lorentz B. , Méot V. , Michaud J. , Perard S. , Petridis N. , Popp U. , Ramos D. , Roche M. , Sanjari M.S. , Sidhu R.S. , Spillmann U. , Steck M. , Stöhlker Th. , Thomas B. , Thulliez L. , Versteegen M.
Published: March 2023

Neutron-induced reaction cross sections of unstable nuclei are essential for understanding the synthesis of heavy elements in stars. However, their measurement is very difficult due to the radioactivity of the targets involved. We propose to circumvent this problem by using for the first time the surrogate reaction method in inverse kinematics at heavy-ion storage rings. In this contribution, we describe the developments we have done to perform surrogate-reaction studies at the storage rings of GSI/FAIR. In particular, we present the first results of the proof of principle experiment, which we conducted recently at the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR).
The ASTRAL database for neutron-capture nucleosynthesis studies
Authors: Vescovi Diego , Reifarth René , Lorenz Enis , Elbe Andreas
Published: March 2023

Present nuclear reaction network computations for astrophysical simulations involve many different types of rates, including neutron-capture reactions of interest for the modeling of heavy-element nucleosynthesis. While for many of them we still have to rely on theoretical calculations, an increasing number of experimentally-determined cross sections have now become available. In this contribution, we present “ASTrophysical Rate and rAw data Library” (ASTRAL), a new online database for neutron-capture cross sections based on experimental results, mainly obtained through activation and timeof-flight measurements. For the evaluation process, cross sections were re-calculated starting from raw data and by considering recent changes in physical properties of the involved isotopes (e.g., half-life and γ-ray intensities). We show the current status of the database, the techniques adopted to derive the recommended Maxwellian-averaged cross sections, and future developments.
LUNA measurement found no evidence of a low-energy resonance in 6Li(p, γ)7Be reaction
Authors: Piatti D.
Published: March 2023

The 6Li(p, γ)7Be reaction is mainly at work in three nucleosynthesis scenarios: Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, 6Li depletion in pre-main and in main sequence stars and cosmic ray interaction with interstellar matter. The 6Li(p, γ)7Be S-factor trend was poorly constrained at astrophysical energies because of conflicting experimental results reported in literature. A recent direct measurement, indeed, found a resonance-like structure at Ec.m. = 195 keV, corresponding to an excited state at Ex ∼ 5800 keV in 7Be which, however, has not been confirmed by either other direct measurements or predicted by theoretical calculations.

In order to clarify the existence of this resonance, a new experiment was performed at the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA), located deep underground in Gran Sasso Laboratory. Thanks to the extremely low background environment, the 6Li(p, γ)7Be cross section was measured in the center-of-mass energy range E = 60-350 keV with unprecedented sensitivity.

No evidence for the alleged resonance was found. LUNA results was confirmed by latest published indirect determination of 6Li(p, γ)7Be S-factor and it is supported by a recent theoretical study.
The study of the 20Ne(p,γ)21Na reaction at LUNA
Authors: Zavatarelli Sandra , Masha Eliana
Published: March 2023

The NeNa and MgAl cycles have been the subject of much experimental activity during the last decade because of their relevance to the synthesis of Ne, Na, and Mg isotopes during the H burning in several astrophysical scenarios. Key reactions in these cycles are also believed to be the main agents of the observed anti-correlations in O-Na and Al-Mg abundances exhibited by the stars of Galactic globular clusters. The 20Ne(p,γ)21Na is the first reaction and the bottleneck of the NeNa cycle: having the slowest reaction rate, it controls the speed of the entire cycle. In order to better constrain the overall astrophysical reaction rate of this important reaction, the LUNA collaboration has started a new experimental effort to study the 366 keV resonance and to improve the knowledge of the cross section at proton energies below 400 keV. This contribution describes the experimental setup and preliminary results.
Study of decay properties for Ba to Nd nuclei relevant for the formation of the r-process rare-earth peak (A∼160)
Authors: Pallàs M. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Kiss G. G. , Tain J. L. , Tolosa-Delgado A. , Vitéz-Sveiczer A. , Calviño F. , Agramunt J. , Aguilera P. , Algora A. , Allmond J. M. , Baba H. , Brewer N. T. , Caballero-Folch R. , Coleman-Smith P. J. , Cortes G. , Davinson T. , Dillmann I. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Estrade A. , Fukuda N. , Go S. , Griffin C. J. , Grzywacz R. K. , Hall O. , Harkness-Brennan L. J. , Isobe T. , Kahl D. , King T. T. , Korgul A. , Kovács S. , Kubono S. , Labiche M. , Liu J. , Madurga M. , Miernik K. , Molina F. , Mont-Geli N. , Morales A. I. , Nácher E. , Navarro A. , Nepal N. , Nishimura S. , Piersa-Silkowska M. , Phong V. , Rasco B. C. , Romero-Barrientos J. , Rubio B. , Rykaczewski K. P. , Saito Y. , Sakurai H. , Shimizu Y. , Singh M. , Sumikama T. , Suzuki H. , Szegedi T. N. , Takeda H. , Wang K. , Wolińska-Cichocka M. , Woods P. J. , Yokoyama R.
Published: March 2023

At the RIKEN Nishina Center, exotic neutron-rich isotopes of Ba, La, Ce, Pr, and Nd were measured. This work reports their half-lives (T1/2) and β-delayed neutron-emission probabilities (Pxn). The setup consisted of the BigRIPS in-flight separator for particle identification, the Advanced Implantation Detector Array (AIDA) for ions and β detection, and the BRIKEN neutron counter for neutron detection. Using this arrangement, 4 new T1/2 and 14 new P1n were measured. Furthermore, 38 T1/2 and 2 P1n values were remeasured, decreasing the uncertainties for some of them. In addition to improving predictions of nucleosynthesis models that describe the production of the rare-earth peak at A ∼ 160 via the r-process, these additional experimental data should help to constrain theoretical models for calculations of T1/2 and Pxn in this region.
40Ar proposed as probe of neutron-induced reactions in a high-density stellar-like plasma at the National Ignition Facility
Authors: Paul M. , Sahoo R. N. , Tessler M. , Jeet J. , Velsko C. , Zylstra A. , Avila M. , Dickerson C. , Fougères C. , Jayatissa H. , Pardo R. C. , Rehm K. E. , Scott R. , Tolstukhin I. , Vondrasek R. , Bailey T. , Callahan L. , Clark A. M. , Collon P. , Kashiv Y. , Nelson A. , Köster U. , Hoffmann H. F. R. , Pichotta M. , Zuber K. , Döring T. , Schwengner R.
Published: March 2023

The thermodynamical conditions and the neutron density produced in a laser-induced implosion of a deuterium-tritium (DT) filled capsule at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are the closest laboratory analog of stellar conditions. We plan to investigate neutron-induced reactions on 40Ar, namely the 40Ar(n, 2n)39Ar(t1/2 =268 y), the 40Ar(n, γ)41Ar(110 min) and the potential rapid two-neutron capture reaction 40Ar(2n, γ)42Ar(33 y) in an Ar-loaded DT capsule. The chemical inertness of noble gas Ar enables reliable collection of the reaction products.