bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of CASE on Agriculture Teachers' Use of Inquiry-Based Methods
Authors: Bird Taylor D. , Rice Amber H.
Published: June 2021

The Curriculum for Agricultural Science Education (CASE) is a national curriculum model used to promote inquiry-based learning, with a focus on facilitating student development of critical thinking skills through hands on application. However, limited research has been conducted on how agriculture teachers are using the curriculum after completing the required professional development training and its impact on their future classroom instruction. The central research question that guided this study was: how does completion of the Southwestern Land Grant University CASE professional development institute influence behavior patterns of agriculture teachers for incorporating inquiry-based learning through science integration? This research was conducted utilizing a multi-case study design. Nine certified CASE teachers who completed a summer 2018 institute were interviewed, observed, and had lesson plans analyzed. Five major themes emerged from the data: 1) barriers to CASE implementation exist that impacted teacher behavior, 2) experience in industry leads to increased teacher efficacy for inquiry-based strategies, 3) traditionally certified teachers are more likely to fall back on didactic teaching orientations, 4) a disconnect exists between student capacity and CASE expectations of inquiry-based methods, and 5) in state training and networking plays a vital role in teachers’ perceptions of CASE. Further research recommendations include expanding the scope of this study to provide insight on how lead teachers, regions, and/or curriculum pathways affect implementation of inquiry-based learning and purposeful science integration. Recommendations for practice include increased collaboration among CASE certified teachers, development of a state wide online platform, and additional funding opportunities for teachers.
The Vagrancy of Race Suicide Through the Early Twentieth Century: Reimagining Fear
Authors: Arce Debbie , Simmons Dana
Published: June 2021

The American Eugenics Archive defines race suicide as an alarmist term that describes, “when thebirth rate within a so-called race dropped below the death rate...with the ultimate consequence thatthe “race” would die out.”1 This article traces the ways in which fears and the concept of race suicide,a term coined by a sociologist committed to racial hierarchies, was reimagined by emerging blacksociologist, W.E.B. DuBois who actively sought liberation from systematic racism in the PostbellumEra. This historical research seeks to analyze the ways in which fear among communities of colormade claims of genocide inseparable from the histories of reproduction, birth control, sociology,race science, the Antebellum, and Jim Crow Era in the early twentieth-century. This is an attempt toprovide a speculative history that allows fears of those most vulnerable within systematic oppressionto be historicized, without the reigns of rigid, objectivity that act as a gatekeeper within the field ofhistory. I argue that tracing fears of race suicide allows for a complicated and necessary reimaginingof race science. The reimagining of race science allows us to see historical actors of color activelyengaging in liberation struggle through what Britt Rusert calls oppositional science. Similarly,analysis of race suicide allows us to bridge what Judith Butler calls, the theory-practice divide.
Personality and GPA: The Predictive Roles of Academic Identity and College-Going Culture
Authors: Burbidge Alysia , Horton Calen , Murray Carolyn
Published: June 2021

Social psychology has established a theoretical relationship between personality and academicperformance, but it has yet to identify the process by which personality influences real-worldoutcomes, such as grade point average. This paper proposes a model that explicates academicidentity’s role as a mediator in the relationship between the Big Five Factors of personality andcollege GPA. Specifically, the current paper focuses on the ability of personality to predict academicidentity. A college-going culture, or the extent to which a student’s high school cultivates a procollegeenvironment, is hypothesized to moderate the relationship between personality and academicidentity. To investigate the hypothesis, self-report measures related to personality and academicswere administered to 370 university students. Results generally supported the model, suggesting aprocess by which students’ personalities effect their academic attitudes. Educators are encouragedto foster college-going cultures which they can use to help students who are predisposed to adoptharmful academic identities.
Building a Sense of Self: The Link between Emotion Regulation and Self-Esteem in Young Adults
Authors: Gomez Tiffany , Quiñones-Camacho Laura , Davis Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Emotion regulation is the process through which a person changes his or her emotions. Individualsmay change their emotions in many ways, and these different aspects of emotion regulation mighthave different implications for one’s self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as an individual’s conceptof the self. Despite the substantial research on these topics, there has been a lack of research onthe links between emotion regulation and self-esteem. The present study aimed to explore the linkbetween emotion regulation and self-esteem in young adults, as well as to examine potential genderdifferences in this association. Based on current research, we predicted that men would have higherself-esteem than women, whereas women would have a stronger capacity to regulate their emotions.Furthermore, we predicted women would show a stronger association between emotion regulationand self-esteem. Participants were asked to answer the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation (DERS)questionnaire as well as a singular measure to assess their self-esteem. The results of the presentstudy were consistent with our hypothesis that men would have a higher self-esteem, and that womenwould show a stronger association between emotion regulation and self-esteem. Our study adds to agrowing body of research on the importance of emotion regulation for self-esteem.
Parent Psychopathology and Parent-Child Conflict Interact to Predict Children’s Anxiety but Not Depression
Authors: Gomez Valerie , Quiñones-Camacho Laura , Davis Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Correlates of child psychology have been studied for decades (Ollendick & Herson, 1989). Researchhas shown that parental psychopathology can influence child psychopathology through a combinationof familial and environmental factors (Biedel & Turner, 1997; Burstein et al., 2010). Parent-childinteractions have also been found to relate to child psychopathology (Donenberg & Weisz, 1997). Apossible explanation for these relations is that the behavior of parents experiencing psychopathologysymptoms differs from parents not facing these difficulties, like displaying more hostile behaviortowards their offspring (Burstein et al., 2010). The present study examines the interaction of parentpsychopathology and parent-child conflict during a stressful task to see if conflict moderated therelation between parents’ and children’s psychopathology. We studied whether the relation betweenparent and child symptoms would be stronger for dyads characterized by conflict. 184 children aged3 to 11 (91 boys and 93 girls) visited the lab. Parents completed questionnaires to measure theirdepression and anxiety symptoms, as well as the child’s anxiety and depressive symptoms. Theparent and the child also participated in a Lego task where instances of child conflict were observed.Results showed that parent anxiety interacted with parent-child conflict to predict children’s anxietysymptoms, such that parents’ anxiety predicted children’s anxiety only among dyads characterizedby high levels of conflict. The same was not true for depressive symptoms. The current study expandsresearch about moderators by showing that the link between parent and child psychopathology isqualified by other aspects of the family environment.
White Matter Integrity and Subclinical Depression: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Authors: Huffman Nicole , Bennett Ilana
Published: June 2021

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by the persistent presence of at least fivedepressive symptoms over a two-week period. These symptoms must include either depressedmood, or loss of interest or pleasure. Early identification, and ultimately treatment, of depressionmay be accomplished by identifying neural markers of individuals at risk for MDD, including thosewith subclinical depressive symptoms. Neuroimaging studies have shown that MDD is associatedwith impairments to integrity in white matter tracts such as the corpus callosum and internal capsule.However, it is unclear whether these same structures also are disrupted in subclinical depression. Thepresent study sought to examine this question through utilizing diffusion tensor imaging to assesswhite matter integrity as a function of Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF) scores.Using a median split of GDS-SF scores, statistical analyses revealed no difference in white matterintegrity between low risk and high risk depression groups. However, there was a nonsignificant trend(p=0.072) such that higher GDS-SF scores were associated with decreased white matter integritylocalized to the corpus callosum, right internal capsule, left cingulum, external capsule and fornix.This finding extends previous research on MDD by providing evidence for similar neural correlatesof subclinical depression. This may provide insight into the development of MDD and ultimately aiddiagnostic and treatment efforts with early identification and intervention.
The Neurotoxic Effects of Cycads and Metals: A Review
Authors: Mitchell Brendan , Hu Xiaoping
Published: June 2021

The bioaccumulation of environmental toxins as possible risk factors in the etiology ofamyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS/PDC) is studied inthree foci of the Western Pacific: Guam, the Kii Peninsula, and West Papua New Guinea. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate the best evidence on the exogenous causes of ALS/PDC, with emphasis on the role of cycads, iron, and manganese in the Western Pacific foci,by performing a systematic review of major electronic databases using predefined criteria, 68of which met the selection criteria. Two major environmental hypotheses are associated withthis enigmatic disease: the vegetal hypothesis, which focuses on the neurotoxic and genotoxicproperties of the cycad, and the mineral hypothesis, which focuses on the neurotoxic propertiesof metals. Although typically studied independently, environmental data suggests these twohypotheses may, in fact, converge. Epidemiologic research investigating the association betweenexposure to environmental toxins and ALS/PDC has proven inconclusive. Nevertheless,possible causal links indicate a need for more holistic research to not only better understandALS/PDC, but also glean new insights regarding the associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Does Napping Boost Benefits of Brain-Training for Working Memory?
Authors: Narender Rainita , Salazar Dakota , McDevitt Elizabeth , Seitz Aaron
Published: June 2021

Working memory (WM) is engaged in most cognitive tasks deployed in the human brain. Braintrainingregimens that target WM may promote plasticity, leading to improved WM skills.Additionally, sleep is known to facilitate consolidation of newly learned information and skills. Here,we asked if napping could boost benefits of brain-training for WM. Participants completed ten days ofWM training on an N-back task; on each training day, a subset of participants were given a 30-minutenap opportunity (with EEG recording) immediately following their training session (training+nap).In Study 1 (n=10), we equated the amount of training (20-min training/day) in all participants andcompared training only to training+nap. In Study 2 (n=8), we asked if napping can effectively replaceadditional time spent training; we compared training+nap (20-min training/day) to double training(40-min training/day). On average, the nap group slept 16.0±5.77 minutes/nap in Study 1 and15.98±7.44 minutes/nap in Study 2. Our dependent measure of performance was the highest N-levelachieved on each day of training. In both studies, we found that performance improved across theten days of the study. However, there was no day x group interaction in either study, suggesting thatthe degree of improvement did not differ between training only vs. training+nap groups. In Study 2,there was a trend towards more improvement with double training compared to single training+nap.For people looking to dedicate time each day to improving their WM, it may be more beneficial tospend the entire time training rather than training+napping.
The Differences in STEM Feelings and Interest Between Boys and Girls
Authors: Ngo Brandon , Richert Rebekah
Published: June 2021

Children are exposed to many areas of interest and careers through accessible media and technologicaldevices. Research has shown that STEM careers are lacking in female representation. Accordingto the National Science Foundation, women only represented 28% of individuals in science andengineering occupations in 2010 (NSF 2014). Exposure to STEM careers in early childhood maybe an underlying cause of this underrepresentation; thus considering young children’s feelings andinterest in STEM is important for nurturing students to enter STEM fields. Children between ages3.61 to 7.21 years (N = 79) were asked about their interests in STEM activities and feelings abouta STEM task before and after playing a STEM application. Children reported decreased levels ofSTEM interest from pretest to posttest, whereas children’s self-efficacy for a STEM activity did notsignificantly differ from pretest to posttest. The results suggest that short-term exposure to a STEMapplication did not increase children’s STEM interest and self-efficacy toward STEM, as measuredby children’s verbal report.
Identification of Targetable Surfaces of Cks1 for Development of New Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Winicki Nolan , Harrison Reed , Perry Jefferson , Morikis Dimitrios
Published: June 2021

Cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit 1 (Cks1) is involved in cell cycle progressionthrough interactions with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and ubiquitination of cyclin-dependentkinase inhibitors (CKI). Dysfunction of CDK dependent associations can affect the entrance of acell into mitosis, particularly the G1-S phase transition. Abnormal assistance from Cks1 with themultiprotein complex SCF (Skp2) in the ubiquitination of CDKN1B (p27Kip1) can disrupt the mitoticregulatory protein levels escalating to cancer development. In this study, we use computationalmethods to investigate interactions in three different complexes sharing Cks1 in order to create atargeted pharmaceutical solution that will assist in regulation. Our analysis is performed using thecrystal structure of Cks1 in three complexes to include involvement between one ubiquitin ligaseand two CDKs. The assessment is based on the intermolecular electrostatic interactions, such ashydrogen bonds and charge-charge interactions. We observe that charge and hydrogen bonding playsa significant role in the stability between Cks1 and adjacent proteins in each complex. Due to largebinding interfaces and varied distribution of charge across the main contact regions, we decided thata condensed pocket on Cks1 that interacts with phosphorylated p27Kip1 should be selected for furtherin-depth examination.
Ethnic Differences In Perceptions of Mental Illness: Examining Intergroup Relations
Authors: Aringer Alexandra S. , Calanchini Jimmy
Published: June 2021

People with mental illness are often stereotyped as dangerous, unstable, or unreliable, and these stereotypes perpetuate prejudice against those who are already vulnerable. However, many of these stereotypes are Eurocentric due to a lack of diversity within psychology. The present, pre-registered research investigates whether depictions of mental illness are idiosyncratic to various racial/ethnic groups, or if these perceptions generalize across groups. Participants reported their endorsement of a series of mental illness descriptions (e.g., “This person spontaneously explodes in outbursts of anger”) as they apply to African Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic/Latinxs, Caucasians, as well as to individuals with unspecified race/ethnicity. Exploratory factor analyses of these descriptions revealed three factors that describe mentally ill people — ashamed, self-destructive, irresponsible — and participants’ perceptions of mental illness on these three factors varied by racial/ethnic groups. Participants rated Asian Americans as more ashamed, but less self-destructive and irresponsible than other racial/ethnic groups. Conversely, participants rated Caucasians as less ashamed but more self-destructive and irresponsible than other racial/ethnic groups. Perceptions of mental illness did not differ between Hispanic/Latinxs and African Americans. Additional analyses indicate that, compared to Caucasian par- ticipants, non-Caucasian participants rated mentally ill members of their ingroup as more ashamed but less self-destructive and irresponsible. This research indicates that participants from different racial/ethnic groups vary in the extent to which they ascribe different facets of mental illness to their ingroup versus outgroups. Implications for Eurocentric versus more diverse perceptions of mental illness are discussed.
The Power Of Words: How Are Depression Symptoms And Labile Self-Esteem Related To Word Use?
Authors: Gomez Tiffany , Sillars Angela , Davis Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

The way people talk about their emotional experiences can reveal information about how well they are functioning. Depression symptoms can include feelings of hopelessness and a saddened mood. Labile self-esteem is the fluctuations a person may experience in their self-esteem. Previous studies have found a relationship between self-esteem, depression symptoms, and word use; however, no research has yet examined the interaction between depression symptoms and labile self-esteem in predicting word use. The present study examines the main and interactive effects of depression symptoms and labile self-esteem in predicting the number of clout (language associated with confidence), achievement (goal-oriented language), and power (words related to superiority) words utilized to describe sad and happy emotional experiences. We predicted that the interaction between more depression symptoms and more labile self-esteem would relate to less use of clout, achievement, and power words when describing sad and happy emotional experiences. Participants answered surveys measuring depression symptoms and labile self-esteem. The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software was used to determine how much clout, achievement, and power words participants utilized when describing past sad and happy emotional experiences. The present study found that labile self-esteem was only significantly positively correlated with clout words used to describe a happy emotional experience. In contrast to our hypothesis, participants’ self-reported depression symptoms were not linked to clout, power, and achievement words used to describe happy and sad emotional experiences. Finally, there were no significant interactions between labile self-esteem and depression symptoms in predicting words used to express a past emotional experience. The findings in this study provide a greater understanding of how factors that may affect a person’s overall wellbeing, such as depression symptoms and labile self-esteem, are linked to how people recall and express past emotional experiences.
Role Of Perceived Support From Parents and On- And Off-Campus Friends In First- And Non-First-Generation College Students' Life Satisfaction
Authors: Partida Dagoberto , Cheong Yerom , Gauvain Mary
Published: June 2021

First-year college students, especially first-generation attendees (FGC; neither parent finished college), often have difficulties adjusting to school. The present study examines the social and instrumental support these students receive during their first year of college and its role in their life satisfaction, a dimension of psychological well-being (Jenkins et al., 2013). In this study, 244 first-year college students (107 FGC) completed an online survey that asked about their perceived support and instrumental help from parents and on- and off-campus friends, as well as the students’ overall life satisfaction. Results showed that, regardless of college-generation status, students reported feeling more social support than instrumental help from family and off-campus friends. For both FGC students and non-FGC students, there was a positive relationship between perceived social support and help from family and friends and student’s satisfaction with life. The findings suggest that university professionals should try to involve families and other supportive persons, including on- and off-campus friends, in students’ first- year college experience to help students adjust to this new setting.
Empathy with the self and its relationship to creativity and innovation among students of Fine Arts Institutes
Authors:   م.د.ثابت حسن جمعة, JUMAA THABIT
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted on the students of the Fine Art Institutes in Basrah. 1 - level of self-esteem among students of the institutes of fine arts in light of the variable sex. 2 - the level of creativity and innovation among the students of the Institute of Fine Arts in light of the variable sex. 3. The nature of the relationship between self-esteem, creativity and innovation among the students of the Fine Art Institutes. The current research community included students of fine art institutes in Basra for the academic year (2019/2018). The study sample consisted of (120) students and (60) students and (60) students. About 15% of the members of the original society were chosen by the random stratified method. The researcher used two tools to achieve his research objectives: Researcher for this study. The second measure is creativity and innovation, prepared by Kilford (1988). The researcher achieved the validity of the measure of self-esteem in the manner of virtual honesty and the coefficient of stability in the way Vkronbach (83%). The measure of creativity and innovation has a coefficient of stability (0.66) and when modified by the equation of Spearman Brown (0.79). Testing methods and re-testing. Statistical methods were used to suit the nature and objectives of the current research. These include the T-test, the Vaccronbach equation, the Pearson correlation coefficient, The result of the current research is: The relationship between self-esteem, creativity and innovation is significant. The nature of the relationship between the two variables and the gender variable is significant. It shows that the contribution of a variable was associated with a sense of self-esteem, creativity and innovation. In the light of the research results, the researcher made a number of recommendations and suggestions. Keywords: Empathy with the self (kindness, participation, attendance), creativity and innovation (fluency, flexibility, originality), sample, measures, experimentation, discussion of results, recommendations, suggestions.
The title of the research: The Verses of Kindness in the Holy Quran - An Analytical Study
Authors:   أ.م.د. أحمد خضير عمير, OMAIR AHMED
Published: June 2021

Abstract : This research concludes with the study of the noble verses in which the word (kindness) is mentioned in its various forms in the Noble Qur’an, which are eight verses, and it talks about the meaning of kindness and kindness in its Quranic use. Dear God, we saw that We saw that the Qur’anic discourse often encourages kindness in the human style, and also because we found divine kindness in his worshipers and the rest of his creatures. As for the research plan, it was mentioned after the introduction in preparation for the meaning of kindness and kindness among people of language and convention, then the first topic was entitled: Prospects of Divine Kindness And it contains three demands: As for the second topic, it was under the heading of human kindness and its fruits, and in two demands: Then she concluded the research with a brief conclusion about the most important findings that it had reached, after which it cited a list of sources and references. Key Words: Verses - Kindness
Treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts A field study for inmates in the Rusafa second parking lot and Ibn Rushd Psychiatric Hospital
Authors:   أ.م.د. ميسم ياسين عبيد, OBAID MAYSSAM
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to identify the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts for a sample of inmates in the Al-Rusafa second parking lot and in Ibn Rushd Psychiatric Hospital, in order to identify the causes of addiction and the rehabilitation programs provided to drug users. To achieve this, the researcher followed the descriptive and analytical approach by applying a questionnaire to a sample of 60 Addict The results showed that the most popular groups for addiction are young people, and crystal is the most popular drug among them, and among the most important factors driving their addiction are bad friends and unemployment as well as leisure time, and the results showed that there are differences between age and the desire of addicts to take treatment Also, the company of friends restricts the addict and hinders him from applying for treatment, and the results show that the demand for drug treatment decreases the lower the educational level. Key words: drugs, addiction, rehabilitation, treatment of addicts
Análisis de supervivencia de una cohorte con cáncer de ovario.
Authors: Ramos Guette Pedro Luis
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: establecer la asociación entre factores pronósticos y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad y global en una cohorte de 145 mujeres con cáncer de ovario en Bogotá (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: se trata de un estudio de tipo cohorte bidireccional; en la clínica Oncocare se registró la información de las características clínicas, demográficas y los tiempos de recaída y muerte por cáncer u otras causas de una cohorte de 145 mujeres con cáncer de ovario durante el período 2003-2012. Las pacientes fueron seguidas en intervalos cada 4 a 6 meses, en los cuales se documentaba el estado vital y la presencia de recaídas locales o sistémicas de la enfermedad. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y se estimaron funciones de supervivencia usando el método de Kaplan-Meier. Se llevó a cabo análisis de regresión de Cox para identificar factores asociados a la supervivencia. Resultados: se identificaron 145 pacientes en el estudio. La mediana de seguimiento fue 23,4 meses, la edad promedio de las mujeres fue 49,6 años, el 74,5% fue diagnosticado en estadios avanzados IC a IV, el tipo histológico más frecuente fue seroso. Se presentó el 24,1% de recaídas, se observó el 22,6% de muertes por cáncer de ovario. En el análisis multivariado, se evidenció asociación de la no respuesta completa a la quimioterapia con disminución de la sobrevida libre de enfermedad y global, HR 5,86 (IC95% 1,19-28,75) y HR 4,69 (IC95% 1,01-22,01), respectivamente. También, la citorreducción óptima con disminución del riesgo de muerte y recaídas: HR 0,19 (IC95% 0,07-0,54) y HR 0,39 (IC95% 0,18-0,83), respectivamente. Los otros factores, como tipo histológico, grado histológico, estadio clínico, presencia de ascitis y estado funcional, no se relacionaron con la supervivencia libre de enfermedad y global. Conclusión: los tiempos de supervivencia libre de enfermedad y global disminuyen si no se alcanzan respuestas completas a la quimioterapia y aumentan si hay una citorreducción óptima, pero no se asocian con ningún otro factor pronóstico analizado, y se requiere una muestra y seguimiento mayor para tener suficientes eventos que permitan conclusiones definitivas.
Aplasia severa de médula ósea (ASMO) en Colombia : características y tratamiento en seis centros.
Authors: Abello Virginia , Pardo Carlos , Gálvez Kenny Mauricio , Osuna Mónica , Omaña Paola , Sossa Claudia
Published: June 2021

Introducción: la ASMO es una enfermedad hematológica de baja frecuencia asociada con morbimortalidad significativa. La destrucción por mecanismos inmunológicos de las células progenitoras hematopoyéticas parece jugar un papel fundamental en la fisiopatología de la enfermedad, por lo tanto, el tratamiento inmunosupresor es uno de los pilares del manejo. En Colombia, no existe un registro nacional que nos permita conocer las características de estos pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la experiencia en el manejo de este tipo de enfermos en varios centros del país, como un piloto inicial de un posible registro nacional de ASMO. Métodos: se trata de un estudio observacional retrospectivo, efectuado en seis instituciones de tres ciudades del país. Se recolectó información de pacientes atendidos en estas de 2013 a 2018. Resultados: se analizó la información de 28 pacientes en seis centros, la edad media fue 25 años (rango 6-68 años), 18 eran mujeres. El tiempo del inicio de los síntomas al diagnóstico fue 83 días (rango 7-567). Los síntomas más importantes fueron sangrado e infecciones. En 6 pacientes se encontraron clones de HPN. Veintiún pacientes recibieron en primera línea globulina antilinfocítica (9 de conejo, 10 de caballo, 2 combinada con eltrombopag); 2, ciclosporina y prednisona; 2, trasplante alogénico; y 2, otras terapias. Diez pacientes tuvieron respuesta completa; 8, parcial; y 10 no respondieron. En el último control, 20 estaban vivos, 5 habían muerto. Conclusión: esta información preliminar muestra que hay una demora significativa en el diagnóstico e inicio de tratamiento en pacientes con ASMO, lo cual podría explicar las tasas de respuesta aparentemente inferiores a lo esperado para la literatura.
Síndrome de Burnout em professores da rede pública de ensino do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Coutinho Lais Soares , Alcantara Vanessa Carine Gil de
Published: June 2021

A síndrome de Burnout, também conhecida como a síndrome do esgotamento profissional, é resultante de um estresse ou exaustão extrema, que compromete o indivíduo, impossibilitando-o de realizar suas atividades profissionais. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, a síndrome de Burnout está na relação das doenças diretamente associadas ao trabalho. Dentre os fatores que podem resultar na síndrome, o estresse é o mais comum entre os brasileiros e, principalmente, entre profissionais da educação. Este livro tem como objetivo levantar uma reflexão acerca da síndrome de Burnout e sua implicação na atuação de trabalhadores docentes da rede pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A escolha pela abordagem do tema na atuação de professores tem como finalidade apontar os enfrentamentos experienciados pelos profissionais da educação, e destacar a síndrome de Burnout como uma das causas de afastamento e adoecimento da classe trabalhadora da rede pública de ensino. Considerando os fatos, apresenta-se uma crítica a respeito da formação e atuação dos professores, juntamente ao contexto no qual estão inseridos, levantando um alerta sobre a realidade presente na atuação e apontando possibilidades que busquem a minimização dos fatores estressores.
SPELLING TERMS CONDITIONS CREATED BY CALKING
Authors: Aldash А.
Published: June 2021

One of the important problems put forward by the language policy and language strategy in the Republic of Kazakhstan is the modernization of the spelling rules of the Kazakh language based on the new romanized alphabet. In this regard, taking into account the internal specifics of the language, active work is being carried out to update the spelling of the native Kazakh and borrowed words. Of particular relevance is borrowing, incl. phrases formed by tracing. The need to study this layer of borrowings also lies in the fact that traced word combinations are characterized by close relationships between word formation and the syntactic structure of the Kazakh language. As a result of such relations, composite nominative units are created that are semantically integral, stylistically neutral and functionally equal to a single word. When creating such phrases, productive word-forming formants (-лық / -лік and -лы / -лі) are involved, which have common functional meanings. In connection with the synonymy of the meanings of the formants in written communication, spelling variants of compound names appear. Spelling discrepancy is also observed in the terminological corpus of the Kazakh language. This article is devoted to the study of ways and methods of unification, codification of semantically integral compound names created by tracing and adding synonymous word-formation formants to the motivating component.
SEMANTIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CASES IN THE OLD TURKIC LANGUAGE
Authors:   PhD, Abay Kazakh national pedagogical University, Zh. Belassarova
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the categories of cases in the Turkic languages. Turkic languages consist of applications such as suffixes and endings , according to their belonging to the group of connected languages. In the ancient Turkic script, there is a category of existing kinship, among the Turkic languages that are being updated and used today. However, due to historical and geographical changes, it is obvious that the neighboring countries have not suffered in terms of language. Despite the fact that the historical path of development and the nature of the formation of declensions in the Kazakh language is identical to other Turkic languages, there is a partial difference. It can be said that Kazakh scientists have deeply studied the system of declension and its semantic and personal nature. Special attention in the Kazakh language is paid to the formal system of cases, in the works of M. Tomanov the semantic structure of cases is analyzed. The article analyzes this issue in detail.
Urban aerosol size distributions: a global perspective
Authors: Wu Tianren , Boor Brandon E.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Urban aerosol measurements are necessary to establish associations between
air pollution and human health outcomes and to evaluate the efficacy of air
quality legislation and emissions standards. The measurement of urban
aerosol particle size distributions (PSDs) is of particular importance as
they enable characterization of size-dependent processes that govern a
particle's transport, transformation, and fate in the urban atmosphere. PSDs
also improve our ability to link air pollution to health effects through
evaluation of particle deposition in the respiratory system and inhalation
toxicity. To inform future measurements of urban aerosol observations, this
paper reviews and critically analyzes the current state of knowledge on
urban aerosol PSD measurements by synthesizing 737 PSD observations made
between 1998 to 2017 in 114 cities in 43 countries around the globe.
Significant variations in the shape and magnitude of urban aerosol number
and mass PSDs were identified among different geographical regions. In
general, number PSDs in Europe (EU) and North America, Australia, and New
Zealand (NAAN) are dominated by nucleation- and Aitken-mode particles. PSDs
in Central, South, and Southeast Asia (CSSA) and East Asia (EA) are shifted
to larger sizes, with a meaningful contribution from the accumulation mode.
Urban mass PSDs are typically bimodal, presenting a dominant mode in the
accumulation mode and a secondary mode in the coarse mode. Most PSD
observations published in the literature are short-term, with only 14 %
providing data for longer than 6 months. There is a paucity of PSDs
measured in Africa (AF), CSSA, Latin America (LA), and West Asia (WA),
demonstrating the need for long-term aerosol measurements across wide size
ranges in many cities around the globe. Geographical variations in urban aerosol effective densities were also
reviewed. Size-resolved urban aerosol effective density functions from 3 to
10 000 nm were established for different geographical regions and intra-city
sampling locations in order to accurately translate number PSDs to mass
PSDs, with significant variations observed between near-road and urban
background sites. The results of this study demonstrate that global
initiatives are urgently needed to develop infrastructure for routine and
long-term monitoring of urban aerosol PSDs spanning the nucleation to coarse
mode. Doing so will advance our understanding of spatiotemporal trends in
urban PSDs throughout the world and provide a foundation to more reliably
elucidate the impact of urban aerosols on atmospheric processes, human
health, and climate.
Deriving boundary layer height from aerosol lidar using machine learning: KABL and ADABL algorithms
Authors: Rieutord Thomas , Aubert Sylvain , Machado Tiago
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The atmospheric boundary layer height (BLH) is a key parameter for many meteorological applications, including air quality forecasts.
Several algorithms have been proposed to automatically estimate BLH from lidar backscatter profiles. However recent advances in computing have enabled new approaches using machine learning that are seemingly well suited to this problem. Machine learning can handle complex classification problems and can be trained by a human expert. This paper describes and compares two machine-learning methods, the K-means unsupervised algorithm and the AdaBoost supervised algorithm, to derive BLH from lidar backscatter profiles. The K-means for Atmospheric Boundary Layer (KABL) and AdaBoost for Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ADABL) algorithm codes used in this study are free and open source. Both methods were compared to reference BLHs derived from colocated radiosonde data over a 2-year period (2017–2018) at two Météo-France operational network sites (Trappes and Brest).
A large discrepancy between the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and correlation with radiosondes was observed between the two sites. At the Trappes site, KABL and ADABL outperformed the manufacturer's algorithm, while the performance was clearly reversed at the Brest site. We conclude that ADABL is a promising algorithm (RMSE of 550 m at Trappes, 800 m for manufacturer) but has training issues that need to be resolved; KABL has a lower performance (RMSE of 800 m at Trappes) than ADABL but is much more versatile.
Impact of dust addition on the microbial food web under present and future conditions of pH and temperature
Authors: Dinasquet Julie , Bigeard Estelle , Gazeau Frédéric , Azam Farooq , Guieu Cécile , Marañón Emilio , Ridame Céline , Van Wambeke France , Obernosterer Ingrid , Baudoux Anne-Claire
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In the oligotrophic waters of the Mediterranean Sea, during the stratification period, the microbial loop relies on pulsed inputs of nutrients through atmospheric deposition of aerosols from both natural (Saharan dust) and anthropogenic origins. While the influence of dust deposition on microbial processes and community composition is still not fully constrained, the extent to which future environmental conditions will affect dust inputs and the microbial response is not known. The impact of atmospheric wet dust deposition was studied both under present and future (warming and acidification) environmental conditions through experiments in 300 L climate reactors. Three dust addition experiments were performed with surface seawater collected from the Tyrrhenian Sea, Ionian Sea and Algerian basin in the Western Mediterranean Sea during the PEACETIME cruise in May–June 2017. Top-down controls on bacteria, viral processes and community, as well as microbial community structure (16S and 18S rDNA amplicon sequencing) were followed over the 3–4 days experiments. Different microbial and viral responses to dust were observed rapidly after addition and were most of the time higher when combined to future environmental conditions. The input of nutrients and trace metals changed the microbial ecosystem from bottom-up limited to a top-down controlled bacterial community, likely from grazing and induced lysogeny. The composition of mixotrophic microeukaryotes and phototrophic prokaryotes was also altered. Overall, these results suggest that the effect of dust deposition on the microbial loop is dependent on the initial microbial assemblage and metabolic state of the tested water, and that predicted warming, and acidification will intensify these responses, affecting food web processes and biogeochemical cycles.
Kinematic observations of the mountain cryosphere using in-situ GNSS instruments
Authors: Beutel Jan , Biri Andreas , Buchli Ben , Cicoira Alessandro , Delaloye Reynald , Da Forno Reto , Gaertner-Roer Isabelle , Gruber Stephan , Gsell Tonio , Hasler Andreas , Lim Roman , Limpach Phillipe , Mayoraz Raphael , Meyer Matthias , Noetzli Jeannette , Phillips Marcia , Pointner Eric , Raetzo Hugo , Scapoza Cristian , Strozzi Tazio , Thiele Lothar , Vieli Andreas , Vonder Mühll Daniel , Weber Samuel , Wirz Vanessa
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Permafrost warming is coinciding with accelerated mass movements, talking place especially in steep, mountainous topography. While this observation is backed up by evidence and analysis of both remote sensing as well as repeat terrestrial surveys undertaken since decades much knowledge is to be gained about the specific details, the variability and the processes governing these mass movements in the mountain cryosphere. This dataset collates data of continuously acquired kinematic observations obtained through in-situ Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) instruments that have been designed and implemented in a large-scale multi field-site monitoring campaign across the whole Swiss Alps. The landforms covered include rock glaciers, high-alpine steep bedrock bedrock as well as landslide sites, most of which are situated in permafrost areas. The dataset was acquired at 54 different stations situated at locations from 2304 to 4003 m a.s.l and comprises 209’948 daily positions derived through double-differential GNSS post-processing. Apart from these, the dataset contains down-sampled and cleaned time series of weather station and inclinometer data as well as the full set of GNSS observables in RINEX format. Furthermore the dataset is accompanied by tools for processing and data management in order to facilitate reuse, open alternate usage opportunities and support the life-long living data process with updates. To date this dataset has seen numerous use cases in research as well as natural-hazard mitigation and adaptation due to climate change.
Automated quantification of floating wood pieces in rivers from video monitoring: a new software tool and validation
Authors: Ghaffarian Hossein , Lemaire Pierre , Zhi Zhang , Tougne Laure , MacVicar Bruce , Piégay Hervé
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Wood is an essential component of rivers and plays a significant role in
ecology and morphology. It can be also considered a risk factor in rivers
due to its influence on erosion and flooding. Quantifying and characterizing
wood fluxes in rivers during floods would improve our understanding of the
key processes but are hindered by technical challenges. Among various
techniques for monitoring wood in rivers, streamside videography is a
powerful approach to quantify different characteristics of wood in rivers,
but past research has employed a manual approach that has many limitations.
In this work, we introduce new software for the automatic detection of wood
pieces in rivers. We apply different image analysis techniques such as
static and dynamic masks, object tracking, and object characterization to
minimize false positive and missed detections. To assess the software
performance, results are compared with manual detections of wood from the
same videos, which was a time-consuming process. Key parameters that affect
detection are assessed, including surface reflections, lighting conditions,
flow discharge, wood position relative to the camera, and the length of wood
pieces. Preliminary results had a 36 % rate of false positive detection,
primarily due to light reflection and water waves, but post-processing
reduced this rate to 15 %. The missed detection rate was 71 % of piece
numbers in the preliminary result, but post-processing reduced this error to
only 6.5 % of piece numbers and 13.5 % of volume. The high precision of
the software shows that it can be used to massively increase the quantity of
wood flux data in rivers around the world, potentially in real time. The
significant impact of post-processing indicates that it is necessary to
train the software in various situations (location, time span, weather
conditions) to ensure reliable results. Manual wood detections and
annotations for this work took over 150 labor hours. In comparison, the
presented software coupled with an appropriate post-processing step
performed the same task in real time (55 h) on a standard desktop computer.
Fracking bad language – hydraulic fracturing and earthquake risks
Authors: Roberts Jennifer J. , Bond Clare E. , Shipton Zoe K.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a borehole stimulation technique used
to enhance permeability in geological resource management, including the
extraction of shale gas. The process of hydraulic fracturing can induce
seismicity. The potential to induce seismicity is a topic of widespread
interest and public concern, particularly in the UK where seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing has halted shale gas operations and triggered moratoria. Prior to 2018, there seemed to be a disconnect between the conclusions of expert groups about the risk of adverse impacts from
hydraulic-fracturing-induced seismicity and the reported level of public
concern about hydraulic fracturing induced seismicity. Furthermore, a range of terminology was used to describe the induced seismicity (including tremors,
earthquakes, seismic events, and micro-earthquakes) which could indicate the
level of perceived risk. Using the UK as a case study, we examine the
conclusions of expert-led public-facing reports on the risk (likelihood and
impact) of seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing for shale gas
published between 2012 and 2018 and the terminology used in these reports.
We compare these to results from studies conducted in the same time period
that explored views of the UK public on hydraulic fracturing and
seismicity. Furthermore, we surveyed participants at professional and public
events on shale gas held throughout 2014 asking the same question that was
used in a series of surveys of the UK public in the period 2012–2016, i.e.
“do you associate shale gas with earthquakes?”. We asked our participants
to provide the reasoning for the answer they gave. By examining the
rationale provided for their answers, we find that an apparent polarisation
of views amongst experts was actually the result of different
interpretations of the language used to describe seismicity. Responses are
confounded by the ambiguity of the language around earthquake risk, magnitude, and
scale. We find that different terms are used in the survey responses to
describe earthquakes, often in an attempt to express the risk (magnitude,
shaking, and potential for adverse impact) presented by the earthquake, but that
these terms are poorly defined and ambiguous and do not translate into
everyday language usage. Such “bad language” around fracking has led to
challenges in understanding, perceiving, and communicating risks around
hydraulic-fracturing-induced seismicity. We call for multi-method approaches
to understand the perceived risks around geoenergy resources and suggest that
developing and adopting a shared language framework to describe earthquakes
would alleviate miscommunication and misperceptions. Our findings are
relevant to any applications that present – or are perceived to present – the
risk of induced seismicity. More broadly, our work is relevant to any topics
of public interest where language ambiguities muddle risk communication.