bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keanekaragaman Coccinellidae Predator pada Ekosistem Pertanian Organik dan Anorganik di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Efendi Siska
Published: January 2024

The main principle of pest control in organic farming is to reduce the use of synthetic chemicals, especially pesticides. On the other hand, pest control in agricultural systems prioritizes the conservation of natural enemies in these ecosystems. Coccinellidae predators are one of the potential natural enemies available in organic farming ecosystems. To optimize the potential of these natural enemies, it is necessary to study the diversity of these predators in organic farming. By knowing the species and abundance of Coccinellidae predators in organic farming ecosystems, a suitable conservation model can be designed for these natural enemies so that these predators can carry out their functions to control pests, especially aphids. This study aims to study the diversity of predatory Coccinellidae in organic and inorganic agriculture in West Sumatra Province. Coccinellidae predators are collected directly and use insect nets. The diversity of Coccinellidae predators was analyzed with the Shannon Winner and Simpson abundance indexes. Based on the exploration carried out on several organic farms in West Sumatra, 18 species of Coccinellidae Predators have been collected, and six species have not been identified. Next, it is proven that organic farming has a high diversity of 1.90 compared to inorganic farming, which is 1.65. The presence of predatory Coccinellidae in organic farming is more evenly distributed, namely 0.67. Menochilus sexmaculatus is one species that has the potential to be optimized as a biological control agent for aphids.
Kompatibilitas pada Persilangan Self Anggrek Dendrobium aphyllum
Authors: Welsiliana Welsiliana , Dewi Ni Putu Yuni Astriani , Makin Florian M. P. R. , Wiguna Gede Arya , Jefriyanto Wilson
Published: January 2024

Indonesia has a very rich biodiversity, one of which is the genetic diversity of orchid species. Preservation and propagation of orchids are always carried out because they have many benefits and the availability of orchid germplasm is always there. Therefore, this research aims to test the compatibility of the Dendrobium aphyllum orchid through self-crossing. The crossing method used is self-crossing, namely crossing flowers in the same flower arrangement. The cross begins by taking 100 flowers, then each flower takes its pollinia and inserts it into the stigma hole of the other flower. After the crossing is carried out, observations are continued once a week and if fruit is successful then observations are carried out once a month. The results of the research showed that the percentage of flowers that fell off was 81% so the number of fruits that were formed until they were physiologically ripe was 8. In accordance with the research data obtained, the success of the cross shows that the level of self-cross compatibility is relatively low namely 8%, and it can be concluded that the nature of the cross is incompatible (crosses below 30%).
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning pada Matakuliah Struktur Hewan
Authors: Setiyadi Muhammad Wahyu , Putra Mujiono Sang , Awaluddin Rizka , Gulbudi Gulbudi , Zaelani Muhammad , Firmansyah Edi
Published: January 2024

The type of research used in this research is Classroom Action Research. The subjects in this research were students of the Biology Education Study Program, STKIP Al Amin Dompu in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The instruments used in this research were student activity observation sheets and student cognitive learning outcomes tests. The analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research results show that the application of the project based learning model can improve students' cognitive learning activities and outcomes. Student learning activity in the pre-cycle was 36.84%, cycle I was 57.88%, and cycle II was 82.45%. Meanwhile, the classical mastery of students' cognitive learning outcomes increased from pre-cycle by 42.1%, cycle I 68.42%, and cycle II by 84.21%.
Uji Antagonis Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 dan Trichoderma harzianum terhadap Pertumbuhan Magnaphorte oryzae pada Benih Padi Anak Daro dengan Variasi Lama Perendaman
Authors: Alamsjah Feskaharny , Noli Zozy Aneloi , Rahmayati Riesca Salsabilah , Suwirmen Suwirmen , Agustien Anthoni , Ilham Kurniadi
Published: January 2024

Magnaphorte oryzae is a pathogenic fungus that causes blast disease in rice plants. This disease can cause a decrease in rice production. Therefore, it is necessary to control the disease, one of which is by administering microbes that are antagonistic to Magnaphorte oryzae. This research aims to determine the percentage of inhibitory power of Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum on the growth of Magnaphorte oryzae with varying soaking times of 24, 48 and 72 hours on the Anak Daro rice variety. This research carried out viability tests for Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum, as well as antagonist tests using the dual culture method. The results showed that the growth inhibition of Magnaphorte oryzae by Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 for a soaking period of 24 hours was 28.48% in the weak category, 48 hours was 32.27% and 72 hours was 31.01% in the medium category. Inhibition of Magnaphorte oryzae by Trichoderma harzianum for a soaking period of 24 hours was 50.63%, 48 hours was 57.59%, and 72 hours was 56.32% in the high category.
Vulnerability to Trends to Thinking Radically Among High School Students in Sukabumi District
Authors: Imanulyaqin Muhammad Nur , Malihah Elly , Ruyadi Yadi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to reveal the vulnerability of high school students in Sukabumi district to the tendency of their approval of some of the initial ideological surfaces of radical groups in Indonesia so that it is hoped that when the potential vulnerability of this agreement is known, detection and mapping of the characteristics of thinking can be carried out students there. The approach used in this study was quantitative, using a survey method with a sample of 692 students. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire, which the researcher saves in a Google form, and the data analysis technique used is the descriptive statistic technique. The result showed that, in general, the vulnerability of their thinking tendencies is divided into two types: the vulnerability to religious radicalism and the vulnerability to non-religious radicalism. In the type of vulnerability to religious radicalism it is further divided into three types where the first is the tendency of radical terrorism thinking in the name of religion, with 100 respondents, or 14.45% had a low category, 491 respondents or 70.95% being in the moderate category, and 101 respondents or 14.59 % in the high category. Second, the type of vulnerability to the tendency to think radically in the aspect of thinking where 77 students or 11.12%, have a low category, 498 students or 71.96%, are in the medium category. As many as 117 students, or 16.90%, are in the high category. In the third type, namely vulnerability to violent radical thinking tendencies, 76 students or 10.98%, are in a low category, 508 students, or 73.41%, are in the medium category, and 108 students or 15.60%, are in the high category. Meanwhile, in the type of non-religious radicalism, the vulnerability of thinking shows that 97 students or 14.01% are in a low category, 488 students or 70.52%, are in the medium category, and as many as 107 students or 15.46%, are in the high category.
EFL Teachers’ Views about The Application of Collaborative Learning at Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
Authors: Lemma Befikadu
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate teachers’ views about the implementation of collaborative learning in English classes. Collaborative learning helps students to improve their English language performance. The data was collected through observation, questionnaires, and interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using percentage and frequency. Theme analysis technique was used to analyze the qualitative data. The result of the study indicated that most EFL teachers widely implement students’ collaborative learning, but the type of collaborative learning they are implementing is not collaborative group learning. Most of the teachers simply make their students to sit side by side to talk with each other as they do their individual assignments, and some teachers assign a task to groups.  Then, one or two of the group members do the work and the other group members get equal credit. Although each of these is important in collaborative learning, they do not qualify collaborative learning rather traditional group learning. The data obtained from teachers’ interview revealed that teachers widely implement both informal and base group collaborative learning since most of the teachers allow their students to work collaborative from few minutes to a class period and most of the groups (‘Net works’) formed are with stable membership for the semester. In addition to this, some teachers were not playing their roles as they are expected. Teachers and other concerned bodies ought to deliver sorts of orientations to the students about the importance of collaborative learning to maximize their views before implementing collaborative learning.
Investigating The Influence of Online Training and Material Mastery on Buddhist Pre-marriage Guiding Skills
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Nyanasuryanadi Partono , Burmansah Burmansah
Published: January 2024

This research aims to investigate the influence of online training and material mastery partially and simultaneously on Buddhist pre-marriage guiding skills. This research used a quantitative approach with a correlational survey design. The population were 235 Buddhist pre-marriage guiding facilitators. The sampling technique was purposive sampling; 148 respondents were taken as samples, which was determined using the Yamane formula. This research used questionnaires as instruments with 120 items using Likert scale assessments, which were distributed to respondents after passing the validity and reliability test. Incoming data was tabulated in Excel and processed using SPSS 29. The techniques used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression Analysis, as well as the T-test, F test and Coefficient Determination test after the classical assumption test was carried out. This research showed that online training and material mastery had a positive and significant influence partially and simultaneously on the Buddhist pre-marriage guiding skills; this research indicates that the facilitators have good guiding skills in providing Buddhist pre-marriage guidance. This research also indicated that facilitators could follow the online training model well because they could use information technology to follow the learning process holistically and continuously. This research also indicated that the facilitators mastered the pre-marriage guidance material well because they know and understand the material, apply it, analyze it, evaluate it, and create or compile, summarize, combine, and formulate Buddhist pre-marriage guidance material.
Borçlunun Konutunda Haciz Yapılması (İİK m. 79/a)
Authors: KÖKSOY Mesut
Published: January 2024

Anayasa’nın 21’inci maddesine göre, hâkim kararı olmaksızın bir kimsenin konutuna girilemez ve buradaki eşyalara el konulamaz. İcra ve İflâs Kanunu’nun 80’inci maddesine göre ise, borçlunun konutunda haciz yapılabilmesi için mahkemeden bir karar alınmasına gerek yoktur. 7445 sayılı Kanun ile, Anayasa ve İcra ve İflâs Kanunu arasında bir uyum sağlanabilmesi amacıyla Kanun’a, konutta haciz başlığını taşıyan 79/a maddesi eklenmiştir. Buna göre, icra müdürü, borçlunun konutunda haciz yapabilmek için öncelikle haciz kararını icra mahkemesine onaylatmalıdır. İcra mahkemesi, haciz yapılması istenen yerin konut olduğunun anlaşılması hâlinde kararın onaylanmasına karar verir. Bu kararın icra dairesine bildirilmesi üzerine haciz işlemleri yapılır. Haciz yapılması istenen yerin konut olmadığının anlaşılması hâlinde ise icra müdürünün kararının kaldırılmasına karar verilir. Verilen kararlara karşı kanun yoluna başvurulamaz. İhtiyatî haciz hakkında ise söz konusu düzenleme uygulanmaz. Bu nedenle, konutta ihtiyatî haciz kararının uygulanabilmesi için icra mahkemesinden onay alınması gerekmez.
Adil Yargılanma Hakkının John Locke’un Toplum Sözleşmesi Kuramından Hareketle Gerekçelendirilmesi
Authors: ERDEM Sermet
Published: January 2024

Liberalizmin en önemli değeri olan kişinin karar ve eylemlerinde başkalarının keyfi ve rastlantısal zorlamasından bağışık olup kendi iradesine göre eyleyebilmesini salık veren bireysel özgürlük ilkesi, aynı zamanda bireyi devlete ve üçüncü kişilere karşı korumaya hizmet eden birçok hak ve özgürlüğün de türetildiği kaynaktır. Öyle ki çağdaş düzenlerin felsefi kaynağı olan liberalizmin kurucusu ve toplum sözleşmesi kuramcısı John Locke, devletin dahi bireysel özgürlüğü korumak için kurulduğunu savunmuştur. Locke siyasal iktidarın bireylerin devletsiz bir yaşamda sahip olduğu kendini koruma ve haklı bir sebep olmaksızın haklarını ihlal edenleri cezalandırma hakkını devlete devretmeleriyle ilişkilendirmiştir. Bu nedenle düşünürün kuramında bireylerin haklarını konu alan uyuşmazlıkların adil bir çözümü iktidar ve meşruiyetiyle doğrudan ilgilidir. Bireyin, bireysel özgürlüğü korumak için kurulan devletin kendisinin ve diğer bireylerin olası ihlallerinden korunması için adil yargılanma hakkı bireysel özgürlükten türeyen mutlak bir hak olarak gündeme gelmektedir. Adil yargılanma hakkı herkesin özgürlüğünün teminat altına alınması için öngörülen hukuki kısıtlamaların içerisinde kalan alanı koruyan bir araçtır. Birey- birey ve birey- devlet arasında ortaya çıkan hukuki ihtilafların bağımsız tarafız aleni ve hakkaniyete uygun bir biçimde devletin bu işle görevlendirilmiş organları tarafından çözülmesini salık verir. Kendine özgü doğal ve mutlak bir hak olarak adil yargılanma hakkı çağdaş dünyada bireyin sahip olduğu diğer tüm hak ve özgürlüklerin güvencesi ve politik sistemlerin meşruiyet ölçütüdür.
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) Portable Berbasis IoT
Authors: Iyullela Siregar Novela Sucira , Khozin Nur , Sulistyo Eko , Surojo Surojo
Published: January 2024

Based on the increasing need for electricity for the community, especially in the Bangka Belitung region, which still uses a lot of expensive fossil energy (generators), so it is still a cost constraint for people living in remote areas that have not been electrified. So it is necessary to innovate in making electricity that utilises natural resources (water). However, the problem is that water sources in some places have erratic water discharge. Therefore, in this research it is proposed to make a portable hydropower plant so that it can be moved in a place that has a high water discharge that can monitor the rpm, voltage and current of the generator and battery and is expected to be used as a cheap and environmentally friendly alternative power plant. The methodology in making this hydropower plant uses a 100Watt DC generator with a 12-bladed breadshot turbine type and is controlled using LM393 sensors and INA219 sensors with a monitoring system using the Blynk application by utilising IoT-based technology. The test was conducted by testing the effect of generator rpm speed on generator current and voltage, battery charging and discharging time, and testing the monitoring system using the Blynk application. From the test results, it is obtained that the minimum generator rpm that must be achieved when charging the battery is 425 rpm with the power obtained of 12.19Watt. Charging a 50 Ah capacity battery at the hydropower plant takes 6 hour and 38 minutes with a charging current of 6,7A. While for battery discharge using a 12V 75Watt lamp load takes 7 hours 25 minutes. The generator monitoring system using the Blynk application works well in displaying the same measurement results on the LCD screen with an accuracy value of 100%.
E-commerce Terintegrasi WebGIS untuk IKM & UMKM di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung dengan Agile Development
Authors: Fitriyani Agus , Ramadhan Muhammad , Afriansyah Riki , Rindri Yang Agita
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth of Small and Medium Industries (IKM) as well as Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province do not coincide with the dissemination of the information about their whereabouts to the public and the supervision by the Department of Labor, Industry and Trade (Disperindag). Moreover, it’s marketing, promotion, and administrative processing are still caried out in a traditional way causing ineffectiveness in obtaining profits and managing the business. Therefore, new innovations are needed i.e. an E-commerce that is equipped with a WebGIS map and is monitored and managed by the Disperindag. The development of the said E-commerce are using Agile Development with Scrum method which means it’s development are divided into some small cycle called Sprint, where each Sprint activity consists of Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective. Then, the test was carried out with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) using a 5-point Likert measurement scale to determine the acceptance of the system by the users and User Acceptance Testing (UAT) with Blackbox Testing. Last but not least, the obtained results stated that the system meets the user’s request and was accepted with a 91,47% of Perceived Usefulness, 89,24% of Perceived Ease of Use, and 90,84% of Behavioral Intention.
Pembagian Daya Dari Beberapa Solar Panel Menggunakan PID
Authors: Madani Hayrul , Dwiyanti Dika , Andik Setiawan I Made , Surojo Surojo
Published: January 2024

Photovoltaic power plants have drawbacks, one of which is that it is very dependent on the ntensity of sunlight and the surface temperature of the solar panels. In this case it takes a battery to be able to cope with photovoltaic at night.The battery has a function as a means of storing electrical power generated by photovoltaic and supplying power to the load. Therefore, we need a tool that ican regulate the power generated from several solar panels to fulfill the required load power.n this test the Arduino Mega2560 icontrol device was used with the PID control method as the brain of the design that regulates the output power of the solar panel so that it remains stable in fulfilling the load power. From the results of this test, the results show that this tool can share power and regulate ipower ias needed with pid control using the Trial and Error method in each solar panel with a percentage of 60% and 40% in stable power with set point i 1 14V and set point 2 10V with.the maximum power of 10mW obtained from each solar panel is then used as a graph ifrom ithe test results.
An Ambiguous World of Film: Cinematic Immersion beyond Early Heidegger
Authors: de Roo Ludo
Published: January 2024

Shawn Loht's ground-breaking Phenomenology of Film: A Heideggerian Account of the Film Experience (2017) offers a detailed account of film experience as rooted in Martin Heidegger's existential structure of Dasein. Adapting Being and Time for a phenomenology of cinematic experience, Loht accurately describes how various existential structures of Dasein are “fostered” by the projected world of film: in Loht's account, being-in-the-world is extended in the film experience. Loht's project offers fertile ground for developing the phenomenological basis of film experience. Yet, Loht anchors this account of film experience primarily in Heidegger's early philosophy; this leaves his adaptation not without challenges. First, if the structure of film experience is mapped too closely onto the notion of Dasein projecting itself into the filmworld, this theory presents the risk of taking the early Heidegger's “hands-on” approach too literally. Moreover, in its concern for Dasein's extensions into the world of film, Phenomenology of Film says little about the distinctly mediated character of filmworlds; this leaves ambiguous where the film experience effectively takes place.
Empresarios extranjeros en los estudios migratorios: balance y perspectivas
Authors: Tapia Ladino Marcela Aurora , Chacón-Onetto Fernanda María
Published: January 2024

Se propone una revisión de los enfoques y las nociones teóricas provenientes de los estudios migratoriosen torno a los negocios internacionales y el emprendimiento de empresarios migrantes;se identifican sus postulados, lineamientos y se problematiza su alcance. La metodología consistió enuna revisión bibliográfica de dichos cuerpos de producción enestudiosrealizados en Europa y Estados Unidos. Se concluye que, en amboscasos,el centro de referenciaes el migrante devenido en empresario, adiferencia delos estudios migratorios que priorizan el análisis de los procesos que llevan a su conversión.Los negocios internacionales se valen de esa producción para centrarse en el despliegue global del empresario migrante. Mientras que,desde el emprendimiento,el migrante tiende a ser tipificado máscomo empresario y por ello se estudia con mayor interés su actividad productivadesde una dimensión internacional.
Upaya Pengenalan Umbi Porang dan Olahannya Sebagai Alternatif Makanan Tinggi Serat
Authors: Wardani Ratih Kusuma , Arifiyana Djamilah , Devianti Vika Ayu
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease indicated by increased blood sugar levels. This disease can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, one of which is by consuming foods high in fiber and having a low glycemic index. Porang tubers are a high-fiber food with a low glycemic index. However, porang tubers cannot be consumed directly because of the high content of calcium oxalate, so it is advisable to consume porang tubers in processed forms such as porang rice, shirataki, porang pudding. This activity aims to provide information to the public about the benefits of porang tubers and their preparations for health, especially for someone with diabetes mellitus
DIGITALISASI DAN REPOSITORI DOKUMEN PADA DESA KARANGDUREN KEC.PAKISAJI, KAB.MALANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Arianto Yuri , Asri Atiqah Nurul , Astiningrum Mungki , Yunhasnawa Yoppy , Cinderatama Toga Aldila , Syaifudin Yan Watequlis
Published: January 2024

Village administration's core lies in directly addressing community needs. However, Karangduren village in Kab. Malang faces challenges due to its reliance on traditional paper-based governance. This leads to recurring difficulties in managing documents. To tackle these issues, the proposed Community Service (PPM) initiative, "Enhancing Village Governance Services in Karangduren Kec. Pakisaji, Kab. Malang through Digitalization and Document Repositories," aims to modernize processes.The initiative seeks to transition to digital methods for streamlined data management. The objective is to establish a comprehensive digital document repository system, simplifying the storage, access, and retrieval of crucial records. By adopting digitization, Karangduren Village aligns with the trend of incorporating information systems into governance practices.The project entails collaboration between the PPM team and students, who will conduct surveys, analyze system requirements, and implement the digital document repository framework within the village government. This effort corresponds with the 2021-2025 PPM Strategic Plan and Focus of the Malang State Polytechnic, emphasizing the revitalization of social and tourism infrastructure through technology, policy models, and research-based social engineering.Embedded in the village development program, this PPM activity contributes to capacity building and knowledge dissemination, reinforcing the partner village through innovative technological solutions.
PELATIHAN PMR DALAM MEMBERIKAN PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Aliftitah Sugesti , Mumpuningtias Elyk , Oktavianisya Nelyta
Published: January 2024

Child injury is a health problem whose incidence is increasing and requires special attention. The problem at SMAN 1 Bluto is that 82% of PMR members have sufficient knowledge about First Aid, and 75% have low motivation to implement First Aid in the school environment for reasons of lack of self-confidence and fear of making mistakes when helping victims. The solution to this problem is to carry out PMR training in providing first aid for accidents at school. The method in this PKM is socialization to increase PMR knowledge and the next stage is training in providing first aid for accidents at school. PMR is equipped with a First Aid pocket book. PKM activities were carried out at SMAN 1 Bluto in February-September 2023. The results of this PMR training activity had a good impact, namely that after conducting socialization about First Aid for Accidents at School, the participants' knowledge increased to a high level of knowledge by 95%. The level of participant motivation increased, 90% of participants had high motivation to implement first aid in the school environment.
PENGELOLAAN DAN MONITORING DATABASED PELANGGAN DENGAN LITERASI FITUR MS. EXCEL PADA UMKM KRIPIK TEMPE SANAN RIZKY BAROKAH DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Dhakirah Sanita , Cahyani Hilda , Isnaini Nur Safitri  , Rubianto Aisyah Vanadia , Novitasari
Published: January 2024

In this modern era, doing business requires a marketing strategy to market a product. One good marketing method is to utilize a customer database. A database is a collection of data or information stored systematically. Meanwhile, the customer database is data that contains customer personal information, such as name, email, telephone number, age, gender, product search history, transaction history and other demographic and psychographic data. This database can be used to build and maintain a business, as well as establishing good relationships with customers. As Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), the hope is that they can keep up with developments by becoming familiar with data. When you are data literate, it will make it easier for MSMEs to develop their business in this digital era. The customer database will help MSMEs reach more consumers. Utilizing data coupled with knowledge in processing customer databases is one of the keys to successfully managing a business. As an MSME actor, you must also be able to use data optimally. The Sanan tempeh chips center, as one of the areas in Malang City, is the center of a home industry that produces tempeh chips that are still surviving in this global era. The aim of this research is to help MSMEs to manage customer databases, business actors know and of course create the best business strategies
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA CERME DENGAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN BAWANG DAYAK SEBAGAI MINUMAN HERBAL
Authors: Rachmaniyah Fatichatur , Shoimah Siti , Maulana Latif , Jemy Ahmad , Faidzin Nur , Umam Khoirul
Published: January 2024

Dayak onion (Eleutherine americana Merr) is a native South American plant which is also found growing in Java, Kalimantan. Local residents in Kalimantan have used this Dayak Onion as a traditional medicine. The part that can be utilized in this plant is the tuber. The purpose of this activity is to increase public village Cerme knowledge, about the efficacy and benefits of the Dayakonion plant as a family medicinal plant, the use of the land for the house and the Dayak onion business as a home industry for Dayak onion wedang to increase family income in improving the welfare of the community, especially PKK (Building Family Wellbeing) of Cerme Village in Ngimbang District,Lamongan Regency.
Mineral coated microparticles doped with fluoride and complexed with mRNA prolong transfection in fracture healing
Authors: Nelson Anna Laura , Fontana Gianluca , Chubb Laura , Choe Josh , Williams Katherine , Regan Dan , Huard Johnny , Murphy William , Ehrhart Nicole , Bahney Chelsea
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Impaired fracture healing, specifically non-union, has been found to occur up to 14% in tibial shaft fractures. The current standard of care to treat non-union often requires additional surgeries which can result in long recovery times. Injectable-based therapies to accelerate fracture healing have the potential to mitigate the need for additional surgeries. Gene therapies have recently undergone significant advancements due to developments in nanotechnology, which improve mRNA stability while reducing immunogenicity.

Methods: In this study, we tested the efficacy of mineral coated microparticles (MCM) and fluoride-doped MCM (FMCM) to effectively deliver firefly luciferase (FLuc) mRNA lipoplexes (LPX) to the fracture site. Here, adult mice underwent a tibia fracture and stabilization method and all treatments were locally injected into the fracture. Level of osteogenesis and amount of bone formation were assessed using gene expression and histomorphometry respectively. Localized and systemic inflammation were measured through gene expression, histopathology scoring and measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) in the serum. Lastly, daily IVIS images were taken to track and measure transfection over time.

Results: MCM-LPX-FLuc and FMCM-LPX-FLuc were not found to cause any cytotoxic effects when tested in vitro. When measuring the osteogenic potential of each mineral composition, FMCM-LPX-FLuc trended higher in osteogenic markers through qRT-PCR than the other groups tested in a murine fracture and stabilization model. Despite FMCM-LPX-FLuc showing slightly elevated il-1β and il-4 levels in the fracture callus, inflammation scoring of the fracture callus did not result in any differences. Additionally, an acute systemic inflammatory response was not observed in any of the samples tested. The concentration of MCM-LPX-FLuc and FMCM-LPX-FLuc that was used in the murine fracture model did not stimulate bone when analyzed through stereological principles. Transfection efficacy and kinetics of delivery platforms revealed that FMCM-LPX-FLuc prolongs the luciferase signal both in vitro and in vivo.

Discussion: These data together reveal that FMCM-LPX-FLuc could serve as a promising mRNA delivery platform for fracture healing applications.
Effective evaluation of HGcnMLP method for markerless 3D pose estimation of musculoskeletal diseases patients based on smartphone monocular video
Authors: Hu Rui , Diao Yanan , Wang Yingchi , Li Gaoqiang , He Rong , Ning Yunkun , Lou Nan , Li Guanglin , Zhao Guoru
Published: January 2024

Markerless pose estimation based on computer vision provides a simpler and cheaper alternative to human motion capture, with great potential for clinical diagnosis and remote rehabilitation assessment. Currently, the markerless 3D pose estimation is mainly based on multi-view technology, while the more promising single-view technology has defects such as low accuracy and reliability, which seriously limits clinical application. This study proposes a high-resolution graph convolutional multilayer perception (HGcnMLP) human 3D pose estimation framework for smartphone monocular videos and estimates 15 healthy adults and 12 patients with musculoskeletal disorders (sarcopenia and osteoarthritis) gait spatiotemporal, knee angle, and center-of-mass (COM) velocity parameters, etc., and compared with the VICON gold standard system. The results show that most of the calculated parameters have excellent reliability (VICON, ICC (2, k): 0.853–0.982; Phone, ICC (2, k): 0.839–0.975) and validity (Pearson r: 0.808–0.978, p<0.05). In addition, the proposed system can better evaluate human gait balance ability, and the K-means++ clustering algorithm can successfully distinguish patients into different recovery level groups. This study verifies the potential of a single smartphone video for 3D human pose estimation for rehabilitation auxiliary diagnosis and balance level recognition, and is an effective attempt at the clinical application of emerging computer vision technology. In the future, it is hoped that the corresponding smartphone program will be developed to provide a low-cost, effective, and simple new tool for remote monitoring and rehabilitation assessment of patients.
Gestational diabetes mellitus in Cameroon: prevalence, risk factors and screening strategies
Authors: Sobngwi Eugene , Sobngwi-Tambekou Joelle , Katte Jean Claude , Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Balti Eric V. , Kengne Andre-Pascal , Fezeu Leopold , Ditah Chobufo Muchi , Tchatchoua Alain-Patrick , Dehayem Mesmin , Unwin Nigel C. , Rankin Judith , Mbanya Jean Claude , Bell Ruth
Published: January 2024

Background

The burden of gestational diabetes (GDM) and the optimal screening strategies in African populations are yet to be determined. We assessed the prevalence of GDM and the performance of various screening tests in a Cameroonian population.

Methods

We carried out a cross-sectional study involving the screening of 983 women at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy for GDM using serial tests, including fasting plasma (FPG), random blood glucose (RBG), a 1-hour 50g glucose challenge test (GCT), and standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). GDM was defined using the World Health Organization (WHO 1999), International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Special Group (IADPSG 2010), and National Institute for Health Care Excellence (NICE 2015) criteria. GDM correlates were assessed using logistic regressions, and c-statistics were used to assess the performance of screening strategies.

Findings

GDM prevalence was 5·9%, 17·7%, and 11·0% using WHO, IADPSG, and NICE criteria, respectively. Previous stillbirth [odds ratio: 3·14, 95%CI: 1·27-7·76)] was the main correlate of GDM. The optimal cut-points to diagnose WHO-defined GDM were 5·9 mmol/L for RPG (c-statistic 0·62) and 7·1 mmol/L for 1-hour 50g GCT (c-statistic 0·76). The same cut-off value for RPG was applicable for IADPSG-diagnosed GDM while the threshold was 6·5 mmol/L (c-statistic 0·61) for NICE-diagnosed GDM. The optimal cut-off of 1-hour 50g GCT was similar for IADPSG and NICE-diagnosed GDM. WHO-defined GDM was always confirmed by another diagnosis strategy while IADPSG and GCT independently identified at least 66·9 and 41·0% of the cases.

Interpretation

GDM is common among Cameroonian women. Effective detection of GDM in under-resourced settings may require simpler algorithms including the initial use of FPG, which could substantially increase screening yield.
Application progress of single-cell sequencing technology in mesenchymal stem cells research
Authors: Li Hao , Wang Yusong , Zhu Gehua , Ma Qimin , Huang Shengyu , Guo Guanghua , Zhu Feng
Published: January 2024

Single-Cell Sequencing (SCS) technology plays an important role in the field of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) research. This paper comprehensively describes the application of SCS technology in the field of MSCs research, including (1) SCS enables more precise MSCs characterization and biomarker definition. (2) SCS reveals the prevalent gene expression heterogeneity among different subclusters within MSCs, which contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of MSCs function and diversity in developmental, regenerative, and pathological contexts. (3) SCS provides insights into the dynamic transcriptional changes experienced by MSCs during differentiation and the complex web of important signaling pathways and regulatory factors controlling key processes within MSCs, including proliferation, differentiation and regulation, and interactions mechanisms. (4) The analytical methods underpinning SCS data are rapidly evolving and converging with the field of histological research to systematically deconstruct the functions and mechanisms of MSCs. This review provides new perspectives for unraveling the biological properties, heterogeneity, differentiation potential, biological functions, and clinical potential of MSCs at the single-cell level.
Antibody reactive immunomes of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. canis are diverse and defined by conformational antigenic determinants
Authors: Luo Tian , Patel Jignesh G. , Zhang Xiaofeng , McBride Jere W.
Published: January 2024

For decades, the defined antibody reactive proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. canis were limited to a small group with linear antibody epitopes. Recently, our laboratory has utilized an immunomics-based approach to rapidly screen and identify undefined Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. canis antigenic proteins and antibody epitopes. In this study, we analyzed the remaining portion (~50%) of the E. chaffeensis and E. canis proteomes (n = 444 and n = 405 proteins, respectively), that were not examined in previous studies, to define the complete immunomes of these important pathogens. Almost half of the E. chaffeensis proteins screened (196/444) reacted with antibodies in convalescent HME patient sera, while only 43 E. canis proteins reacted with CME dog sera. New major immunoreactive proteins were identified in E. chaffeensis (n = 7) and E. canis (n = 1), increasing the total number of E. chaffeensis (n = 14) and E. canis proteins (n = 18) that exhibited antibody reactivity comparable to well-defined major antigenic proteins (TRP120 and TRP19). All of the E. chaffeensis but only some E. canis major immunoreactive proteins contained major conformation-dependent antibody epitopes. The E. chaffeensis immunoreactive proteins were generally small (< 250 amino acids; ~27kDa) and the E. canis proteins were slightly larger (> 320 amino acids; ~35 kDa). The majority of these new Ehrlichia major immunoreactive proteins were predicted to be type I secreted effectors, some of which contained transmembrane domains. Characterization of the immunomes of E. chaffeensis and E. canis and understanding the host specific Ehrlichia immune responses will facilitate identification of protective antigens and define the biophysical epitope characteristics vital to effective vaccine development for the ehrlichioses.
The impact of climate and land use changes on nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the Luhun Lake Basin, China
Authors: Yang Xu , Qiu Shike , Wang Chao , Hao Limin
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Water is an important ecological factor, and non-point source pollution (NPSP) seriously affects water security. In recent years, NPSP has affected water security and human survival in China.

Methods: The Luhun Lake Basin has been selected as an example region of Yellow River Basin (YRB) in China, and the trends and impacts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) has been quantitatively evaluated by using geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and InVEST model.

Results: The results show that (1) the arable land and water bodies decreased, while forest land, grass land, construction land and unutilized land increased in the 20 years. The average annual precipitation increased from the northeast to the southwest in the 20 years; (2) the N and P exports first increased in 2000–2010 and then decreased in 2010–2020, and finally increased in 2000–2020; (3) with the increase of precipitation, the N and P exports decreased in 2000–2010, 2010–2020 and 2000–2020; (4) the amount of N and P exports on arable land and construction land were more than that on the other land use types. The N and P exports on each land use type all first increased and then decreased, and the overall change trend all increased in 2000–2020.

Discussion: This study demonstrates how geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and InVEST model can be used to assess nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in data scarce regions.
Efficient privacy protection scheme with batch verification in smart grid
Authors: Wang Mingxiang , Zhang Lei
Published: January 2024

Smart grids can establish two-way communication with users, collect their electricity consumption data and provide reasonable pricing, but fine-grained electricity consumption data leads to the leakage of user privacy. In order to protect the privacy of user data and the security of data transmission process, this article proposes an efficient and batch validated privacy protection scheme. In this scheme, legitimate entities transmit encrypted electricity data after mutual authentication. To ensure the correct data is received, we propose a new batch signature verification algorithm. Security analysis shows that our solution achieves user privacy and data security. The simulation experiments provided demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed scheme can satisfy the requirements of real-time communication.
Skin repair and immunoregulatory effects of myeloid suppressor cells from human cord blood in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kim Chang-Hyun , Hong Seung-Min , Kim Sueon , Yu Jae Ik , Jung Soo-Hyun , Bang Chul Hwan , Lee Ji Hyun , Kim Tai-Gyu
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Previously, we achieved large-scale expansion of bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) derived from cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ cells cultured in human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) and demonstrated their immunomodulatory properties. In the present study, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy of hUCB-MDSCs in atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods

Dermatophagoides farinae (Df)-induced NC/Nga mice (clinical score of 7) were treated with hUCB-MDSCs or a control drug. The mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of hUCB-MDSCs were evaluated.

Results and discussion

hUCB-MDSCs demonstrated immunosuppressive effects in both human and mouse CD4+ T cells. hUCB-MDSCs significantly reduced the clinical severity scores, which were associated with histopathological changes, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, epidermal hyperplasia, and fibrosis. Furthermore, hUCB-MDSCs decreased the serum levels of immunoglobulin E, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, thymus- and activation-regulated chemokines, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Additionally, they altered the expression of the skin barrier function-related proteins filaggrin, involucrin, loricrin, cytokeratin 10, and cytokeratin 14 and suppressed the activation of Df-restimulated T-cells via cell–cell interactions. hUCB-MDSCs promoted skin recovery and maintained their therapeutic effect even after recurrence. Consequently, hUCB-MDSC administration improved Df-induced AD-like skin lesions and restored skin barrier function. Our findings support the potential of hUCB-MDSCs as a novel treatment strategy for AD.
Lactobacillus plantarum attenuates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by altering the composition of rat gut microbiota and serum metabolic profile
Authors: Li Siying , Han Xuebing , Liu Naiyuan , Chang Jiang , Liu Gang , Hu Siwang
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Osteoporosis, one of the most common non-communicable human diseases worldwide, is one of the most prevalent disease of the adult skeleton. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) is the foremost form of secondary osteoporosis, extensively researched due to its prevalence.Probiotics constitute a primary bioactive component within numerous foods, offering promise as a potential biological intervention for preventing and treating osteoporosis. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum on bone health and its underlying mechanisms in a rat model of glucocorticoid dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis, using the osteoporosis treatment drug alendronate as a reference.

Methods

We examined the bone microstructure (Micro-CT and HE staining) and analyzed the gut microbiome and serum metabolome in rats.

Results and discussion

The results revealed that L. plantarum treatment significantly restored parameters of bone microstructure, with elevated bone density, increased number and thickness of trabeculae, and decreased Tb.Sp. Gut microbiota sequencing results showed that probiotic treatment increased gut microbial diversity and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota decreased. Beneficial bacteria abundance was significantly increased (Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Ruminococcus, UCG_005, Romboutsia, and Christensenellaceae_R_7_group), and harmful bacteria abundance was significantly decreased (Desulfovibrionaceae). According to the results of serum metabolomics, significant changes in serum metabolites occurred in different groups. These differential metabolites were predominantly enriched within the pathways of Pentose and Glucuronate Interconversions, as well as Propanoate Metabolism. Furthermore, treatment of L. plantarum significantly increased serum levels of Pyrazine and gamma-Glutamylcysteine, which were associated with inhibition of osteoclast formation and promoting osteoblast formation. Lactobacillus plantarum can protect rats from DEX-induced GIOP by mediating the “gut microbial-bone axis” promoting the production of beneficial bacteria and metabolites. Therefore L. plantarum is a potential candidate for the treatment of GIOP.
Limitations and potential of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Acharya Sayanti , Karthikeyan Mahalakshmi , Biswas Priyobrata , Kumari Sudha
Published: January 2024

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the third most common gynecological cancer and alone has an emergence rate of approximately 308,069 cases worldwide (2020) with dire survival rates. To put it into perspective, the mortality rate of OC is three times higher than that of breast cancer and it is predicted to only increase significantly by 2040. The primary reasons for such a high rate are that the physical symptoms of OC are detectable only during the advanced phase of the disease when resistance to chemotherapies is high and around 80% of the patients that do indeed respond to chemotherapy initially, show a poor prognosis subsequently. This highlights a pressing need to develop new and effective therapies to tackle advanced OC to improve prognosis and patient survival. A major advance in this direction is the emergence of combination immunotherapeutic methods to boost CD8+ T cell function to tackle OC. In this perspective, we discuss our view of the current state of some of the combination immunotherapies in the treatment of advanced OC, their limitations, and potential approaches toward a safer and more effective response.
The role of miRNAs in T helper cell development, activation, fate decisions and tumor immunity
Authors: Xu Shi-Jun , Chen Jin-Hua , Chang Suhwan , Li Hai-Liang
Published: January 2024

T helper (Th) cells are central members of adaptive immunity and comprise the last line of defense against pathogen infection and malignant cell invasion by secreting specific cytokines. These cytokines then attract or induce the activation and differentiation of other immune cells, including antibody-producing B cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Therefore, the bidirectional communication between Th cells and tumor cells and their positioning within the tumor microenvironment (TME), especially the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), sculpt the tumor immune landscape, which affects disease initiation and progression. The type, number, and condition of Th cells in the TME and TIME strongly affect tumor immunity, which is precisely regulated by key effectors, such as granzymes, perforins, cytokines, and chemokines. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of Th cells. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in regulating Th cell mediated adaptive immunity, focusing on the development, activation, fate decisions, and tumor immunity.