bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Converging evidence in support of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a potential therapy for Huntington’s disease symptoms
Authors: Vega Owen M. , Cepeda Carlos
Published: April 2021

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a genetic, inexorably fatal neurodegenerative disease. Patient average survivability is up to 20 years after the onset of symptoms. Those who suffer from the disease manifest motor, cognitive, and psychiatric impairments. There is indirect evidence suggesting that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) could have alleviating effects on most of HD symptoms. These include beneficial effects against cachexia and weight loss, decrease of cognitive impairment over time, and improvement of psychiatric symptoms such as depression and irritability. Furthermore, there is a positive correlation between consumption of ω-3 PUFAs in diets and prevalence of HD, as well as direct effects on the diseaseviarelease of serotonin. Unfortunately, to date, very few studies have examined the effects of ω-3 PUFAs in HD, both on the symptoms and on disease progression. This paper reviews evidence in the literature suggesting that ω-3 PUFAs can be used in neurodegenerative disorders. This information can be extrapolated to support further research of ω-3 PUFAs and their potential use for HD treatment.
Investigation on the anti-penetration performance of the steel/nylon sandwich plate
Authors: Shen Chaoming , Liu Lei , Cai Xuanlong , Zhang Fei , Chen Wei , Ma Yijiang
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a new method is developed to investigate the anti-penetration performance of the steel/nylon sandwich plate, which incorporates experimental method with numerical simulation. Constitutive parameters of the steel/nylon sandwich plate are measured by the Hopkinson Pressure Bar, and LS-DYNA is applied to simulate the penetration process of projectiles into the sandwich plate. The dynamic response, failure modes and energy absorption coefficients are obtained, and the penetration tests are conducted to verify the numerical method. Results show: results obtained by experimental and numerical methods have very high agreement, which demonstrates that the method proposed can be applicable for predicting the anti-penetration performance of the sandwich plate.
The non-linear effects of the Fed asset purchases
Authors: Anzuini Alessio
Published: April 2021

The Federal Reserve responded to the great financial crisis deploying new monetary policy tools, the most notable of which being the expansion of its balance sheet. In a recent paper, Weale, M., and T. Wieladek. 2016. “What Are the Macroeconomic Effects of Asset Purchases?”Journal of Monetary Economics79 (C): 81–93 show that the asset purchases were effective in stimulating economic activity as well as inflation and asset prices. Here I show that their results are state dependent: large scale asset purchase are effective only when financial markets are impaired. Financial markets are under stress when the effective risk-bearing capacity of the financial sector is drastically reduced, i.e. when the excess bond premium (EBP) of Gilchrist, S., and E. Zakrajšek. 2012. “Credit Spreads and Business Cycle Fluctuations.”The American Economic Review102 (4): 1692–72 exceed a certain threshold. Using an estimated threshold vector autoregressive model conditional on the EBP regime, I show that an increase in the balance sheet has expansionary effects on GDP and inflation when EBP is high, but not when it is low (as its effects become mostly insignificant). I argue that the high EBP can be interpreted as a proxy of market dis-functioning so that only when this channel of transmission is on, the unconventional policy is particularly effective. This suggests that models of transmission of unconventional policies, based on asset purchases, should focus also on the market functioning channel and not only on the portfolio balance one.
Reconstructing an ancient mining landscape: a multidisciplinary approach to copper mining at Skouriotissa, Cyprus
Authors: Kassianidou Vasiliki , Agapiou Athos , Manning Sturt W.
Published: April 2021

Extensively worked in antiquity, Skouriotissa remains the only active copper mine on the island of Cyprus. The modern, open-cast operation, however, has almost completely obliterated the earlier mining landscape. Here the authors report the results of investigations, including dating, of the ancient topography of the mine. They incorporate spatial data derived from archival sources, recent fieldwork and absolute dating into a geographical information system to reconstruct the ancient mining landscape around Skouriotissa. Their approach holds promise for understanding other mining regions in Cyprus and beyond, by providing an example of how diverse source material can be used to reconstruct landscapes now destroyed or buried by open-cast mining operations.
European Cities as Migration Policy Actors
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kvashnin Yuri
Published: April 2021

The article examines the urban dimension of cross-border migration to the EU countries and the role of cities in the political, economic and socio-cultural integration of labor migrants and refugees. Facing a sharp increase in migration flows, municipal administrations are forced to develop their own tools to tackle the migration challenges, which in some cases contradict the policies implemented at the national level. The main typological models of migration governance are considered. The key factors affecting urban approaches are identified, such as the nature and dynamics of migration flows, the distribution of competences between the central and local administrations, the balance of various actors in urban politics – municipal authorities, opposition parties and movements, civil society organizations. Particular attention is paid to the development of intercity cooperation in the field of migration, aimed at sharing experiences and best practices, providing mutual assistance in the resettlement of refugees, as well as joint lobbying of urban interests at the supranational level.
Somalis in Sweden: Regional Dimension
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Gorokhov Stanislav , Agafoshin Maxim ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Dmitriev Ruslan ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the process of formation and development of parallel societies in Sweden in the case of the Somali community. The transformation of Sweden into a country of mass immigration, which began in the second half of the 20th century, and its positioning as a “humanitarian superpower” significantly changes the country’s socio-cultural space. The authors conclude that the narrow spatial localization of the extraneous cultural and confessional population, with a specific imperative of behavior, results inthe formation of parallel communities, and in the case of the Somali community, to its marginalization. Within these segregated areas on the territory of Sweden, a fragmented social space is formed, the interaction between the subjects of which is similar to that in Somalia. At the same time the Swedish state organizations lose their monopoly on the implementation of the legislatively fixed rights and freedoms of citizens across these territories. It negatively affects Sweden’s internal security aspects, leading to an increase in the radicalization of Swedish society and in the threat of terrorism. The current situation undermines the security not only of Sweden itself, but also of its EU neighbors – primarily the Nordic countries. Therefore, nowadays, the integration of immigrants from the Muslim countries of Asia and Africa is one of the most important problems facing the Swedish government and the entire Swedish society.
Cuba – EU: the difficult way to cooperation
Authors:   Institute of Latin America, Russian Academy of Sciences., Kalashnikov Nikolay
Published: April 2021

The article explores the development of relations between Cuba and the European countries during the postsoviet period. Having lost the access to the markets of the USSR and the European socialist countries, Cuba objectively was interested in finding new partners both for the replacement of the sources of industrial goods delivery and for exporting its own products. European countries seemed to be an adequate substitution of Russia (except petroleum products delivery). The article highlights how the economic interests of the EU to enter the capacious Cuban market contradicted principals of democracy and human rights. That was the reason for freezing periodically the progress in the economic links. The main obstacle for the bilateral economic cooperation was the EU Common Position, approved in 1996. The cancellation of the EU Common Position, together with developing of bilateral relations of individual countries enables the EU to become a strategic economic partner of Сuba. The analysis of the bilateral partnership provides better understanding how Cuban leaders act on the international scene.
Patriotism as a Component of the Policy of Nation-Building (the Experience of the EAEU Countries)
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bakhlova Olga , Bakhlov Igor ,   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: April 2021

The article explores the experience of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union in the formation and implementation of the ideology of patriotism and the state policy of patriotic education. The context of nation-building processes is considered along with approaches to formulating a national idea and national (civic) identity. Particular attention is paid to the discourse of the authorities. Through a comparative political analysis, the general and special characteristics of the models introduced in the EAEU countries constants and dominants of discursive practices are revealed. The argumentation of representatives of the top political leadership in their attitudes to the proposed guidelines and priorities of socio-political development through an appeal to the value component taking into account the relationship of internal and external dimensions is shown. It is emphasized the lack of demand for the ethnocentric model of patriotic discourse and the relevant practices of political actors due to the complex composition of the population of most countries of the Union and other internal and geopolitical circumstances. At the same time the commitment to constructive orientation, the absolutization of sovereignty, and the motivation and positions that impede the adoption of balanced integration decisions can be revealed. It is suggested that the national idea of Russia cannot be limited to patriotism and that its de-politicization and de-ideologization cannot be absolutized.
Distinct Basal Metabolism in Three Mouse Models of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Menzies Caitlin , Naz Shama , Patten David , Alquier Thierry , Bennett Brian M. , Lacoste Baptiste
Published: April 2021

Prevalence of metabolic disturbances is higher among individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), yet this association has been largely overlooked. Investigation into human disease remains challenging, as a complete pathophysiological understanding relies on accurate modeling and highly controlled variables. Genetically engineered mouse models are widely used to gain insight into the biology of human NDDs, but research focus has been on behavioral and neurophysiological abnormalities. Such models not only allow for evaluating usefulness in reproducing human features, including similarities and discrepancies with rodent phenotypes, but they also represent a unique opportunity to observe and quantify novel anomalies. Here, we present the first characterization and comparison of basal metabolism in three mouse models of NDDs, namely, Down syndrome (DS;Dp(16)Yey/+mice), 16p11.2 deletion syndrome (16pDel;16p11.2df/+mice), and fragile X syndrome [FXS;Fmr1knock-out (KO) mice] and their wild-type (WT) counterparts. Using the Comprehensive Lab Animal Monitoring System (CLAMS) coupled to EchoMRI, as well as quantification of key plasma metabolites by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), ourin vivostudy reveals that each mouse model expresses a unique metabolic signature that is sex-specific, independent of the amount of food consumed and minimally influenced by physical activity. In particular, we identify striking differences in body composition, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), caloric expenditure (CE), and concentrations of circulating plasma metabolites related to mitochondrial function. Providing novel insight into NDD-associated metabolic alterations is an essential prerequisite for future preclinical and clinical interventions.
Review of Literatures: Physiology of Orofacial Pain in Dentistry
Authors: Rotpenpian Nattapon , Yakkaphan Pankeaw
Published: April 2021

The objective of this review of the literature is to summarize the physiology of orofacial pain in dentistry, particularly physiology of the pain pathway and molecular mechanisms on pathophysiology of pain, on account of new insights into classification of orofacial pain related diseases. This article will also focus on possible mechanisms of neuropathic orofacial pain which is distinguished from other types of pain.
Perceptual Learning beyond Perception: Mnemonic Representation in Early Visual Cortex and Intraparietal Sulcus
Authors: Jia Ke , Li Ya , Gong Mengyuan , Huang Hui , Wang Yonghui , Li Sheng
Published: April 2021

The ability to discriminate between stimuli relies on a chain of neural operations associated with perception, memory and decision-making. Accumulating studies show learning-dependent plasticity in perception or decision-making, yet whether perceptual learning modifies mnemonic processing remains unclear. Here, we trained human participants of both sexes in an orientation discrimination task, while using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to separately examine training-induced changes in working memory (WM) representation. fMRI decoding revealed orientation-specific neural patterns during the delay period in primary visual cortex (V1) before, but not after, training, whereas neurodisruption of V1 during the delay period led to behavioral deficits in both phases. In contrast, both fMRI decoding and disruptive effect of TMS showed that intraparietal sulcus (IPS) represented WM content after, but not before, training. These results suggest that training does not affect the necessity of sensory area in representing WM information, consistent with the sensory recruitment hypothesis in WM, but likely alters the coding format of the stored stimulus in this region. On the other hand, training can render WM content to be maintained in higher-order parietal areas, complementing sensory area to support more robust maintenance of information.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThere has been accumulating progresses regarding experience-dependent plasticity in perception or decision-making, yet how perceptual experience moulds mnemonic processing of visual information remains less explored. Here, we provide novel findings that learning-dependent improvement of discriminability accompanies altered WM representation at different cortical levels. Critically, we suggest a role of training in modulating cortical locus of WM representation, providing a plausible explanation to reconcile the discrepant findings between human and animal studies regarding the recruitment of sensory or higher-order areas in WM.
Becoming-sick
Authors: Barlott Tim
Published: April 2021

Becoming, a concept from the work of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari,1 is an asignifying process of transformation that unsettles the taken-for-granted. Engaging with micropolitical movements of power and resistance, becomings generate fissures and lines of escape that are difficult to classify or categorize. In this Deleuzio-Guattarian intoxicated poem, the author explores his imperceptible becoming following the surgical removal of an oral cancer.
Effects of insulin detemir versus insulin glargine on food intake and satiety factors in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Fallahi Imaneh , Garimella Madhavi , Mitchell Steve , Burge Mark R
Published: April 2021

Background: Insulin detemir is long-acting insulin analog that is weight-neutral compared with other long-acting insulins in patients with type 1 diabetes. One mechanism for this may be an effect of insulin detemir to enhance satiety. We hypothesized that type 1 diabetes patients on insulin detemir will eat fewer calories when presented with a standardized buffet meal following a 24-hour fast as compared to those on insulin glargine. Methods: Ten subjects with C-peptide negative type 1 diabetes participated in a randomized, double-blind crossover study in which they received equivalent doses of either insulin detemir or insulin glargine twice daily for at least 3 weeks. They were subsequently admitted to the UNM Clinical Research Unit for a 24-hour fast, after which they were allowed to eat to satiety from a standardized buffet. Caloric consumption, hunger score and body compositions were measured. Leptin, Ghrelin and Peptide YY were assessed at baseline, after 24-hour fast, and after ingestion of the meal. Results: Subjects were aged 35±11 years, had diabetes for 18±11 years, had A1c levels of 8±1% and BMI of 30±8 kg/m2. Short acting insulin doses were higher for subjects receiving insulin detemir versus insulin glargine (p<0.001). Hunger scores, total energy ingested following the 24-hour fast, and Resting Energy Expenditure did not significant differ between the two study conditions. Conclusion: The weight-neutrality of insulin detemir in type 1 diabetes is not attributable to reduced caloric intake following a fast, or to serum satiety factors.
Anti-Apoptotic Effect of Synthetic Leu-Enkephalin Dalargin on Rat Leukocytes in Cold Stress Model in Vivo
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Shcheniavsky Ivan
Published: April 2021

In this research, a protective effect of synthetic analogue of leu-enkephalin dalargin on peripheral blood leukocytes of cold stress-exposed homeotherms has been investigated. The impact of this peptide and in vivo cold stress on cell composition of leukoconcentrate, leukocyte viability and DNA fragmentation degree in rat leukocytes, has been studied by using confocal microscopy. A decreased relative count of lymphocytes and an increased neutrophil one were established as significantly less pronounced in the animals injected with dalargin before cooling, than in non-handled ones. The dalargin administration was also shown to enhance the viability of peripheral blood leukocytes in rats exposed to cold stress. Preliminary administration of dalargin to animals significantly reduced both the degree of DNA fragmentation and a relative count of leukocytes with fragmented DNA in peripheral blood. Simultaneous introduction of opioid receptor antagonist naloxone to animals eliminated a protective effect of opioid receptor agonist dalargin. Our findings demonstrated the opioid receptor-mediated antiapoptotic effect of dalargin on peripheral blood leukocytes under in vivo cold stress.
Transport Characteristics of Plasma Membranes of PK-15 Passaged Cells
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Kuleshova Larisa , Kovalenko Igor ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Kovalenko Svetlana ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Tsibulko Tetiana ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Gordienko Olga ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The values of permeability coefficients to water molecules and cryoprotectants are demanded to select the optimal duration of exposure of cells in cryoprotective media at the stage of their preparation for cryopreservation, as well as to find optimal cooling and warming rates during the freeze-thawing of cell suspensions. The necessary numerical values of such cell parameters as the osmotically inactive volume α and the surface-area-to-volume ratio γ were obtained for the analytical evaluation of the permeability coefficients of the PK-15 cells’ plasma membranes using physico-mathematical modelling. The permeability coefficients kp of the plasma membranes of PK-15 cells to 1,2-PD, EG, DMSO and glycerol cryoprotectants molecules, as well as the filtration coefficients Lp to water molecules at temperatures of 25, 15 and 5°C were determined by approximating the experimental data of the change in relative volume of cells on exposure time in the studied solutions by theoretical curves calculated on the basis of physical and mathematical model of passive transport of water and permeable substances under the condition of their maximum coincidence. The value of the activation energy of the transmembrane transfer of molecules of these substances is calculated
Valuation of ecosystem services of guadua bamboo (Guadua angustifolia) forest in the southwestern of Pereira, Colombia
Authors: Muñoz-López Juliana , Camargo-García Juan Carlos , Romero-Ladino Catalina
Published: April 2021

Agriculture and urban expansion have caused fragmentation of the remaining forests located along the Otún and Consotá river watershed in the municipality of Pereira, Department of Risaralda, Colombia. These forests are dominated by the guadua bamboo species Guadua angustifolia Kunth, which provided raw material for different purposes and additionally fulfills important ecological functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate ecosystems services associated with these forests such as carbon storage, soil water storing capacity, and the financial feasibility related to guadua culms commercialization. The carbon storage was estimated from the aboveground biomass and soil organic matter; soil water storing capacity was associated with physical soil properties. Whereas the provisioning ecosystem service was assessed through a cost-benefit analysis performed with different production scenarios. The carbon stock was found to be 672.3 t C / ha (22 % in biomass and 78 % in the soil at a depth of 45 cm). The average soil water storing capacity was 292.4 m3 / ha. The cost-benefit analysis evidenced the financial feasibility for the scenarios when projected sales are more than 3 % than current. Bamboo forests provide ecosystem services that are yet another justification for better economic compensation and a medium to promote balance between ecosystem services and the financial situation of producers, who derive their incomes from its production.
Composition of the intestinal nematofauna of Anurogryllus muticus and Neocurtilla claraziana (Orthoptera) from pastures of La Plata city, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Rusconi José Matías , Achinelly María Fernanda
Published: April 2021

The present study analyzes the intestinal nematofauna of the orthopteran species Anurogryllus muticus and Neocurtilla claraziana as part of a survey work conducted in pastures from the region of La Plata to isolate entomopathogenic nematode species. Eleven nematode species belonging to the families Thelastomatidae, Travassosinematidae, Cephalobidae, Rhabditidae, and Plectidae are reported. Parasitism percentages from 0.31 to 22.71 % were observed being Blatticola cristovata and Cephalobellus magalhaesi the most prevalent species. Cephalobium nitidum, Cruznema tripartitum, and Plectus parietinus are reported for the first time from Argentina. The findings of the study contribute to a better understanding of the biodiversity status of insect parasitic nematodes of the region.
Urban landscape selection by Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) in eastern Spain
Authors: Bermúdez-Cavero Alan Omar , Bernat-Ponce Edgar , Gil-Delgado José Antonio , López-Iborra Germán Manuel
Published: April 2021

The Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) is an invader species, and its distribution is continuously on the increase. Today its expansion has spread to the American continent. In this study we describe the effects of the urban environment on the Eurasian collared dove in eastern Spain. The abundance and presence of this dove were analyzed in 46 localities using counting points. Overall, 220-point counts were surveyed between autumn 2015 and late-winter 2016. A hierarchical partitioning analysis was used to identify explanatory variables of different types such as resources, climate and urban structure, and human presence, which may influence the presence and abundance of this species. In the case of presence, the number of town inhabitants, parks, mean minimum temperature, exotic vegetation and schools had a positive association, while pedestrian number and restaurants had a negative association. Abundance was positively related to native vegetation, exotic vegetation, and water, while urban area was negatively associated with it. Exotic vegetation was the only variable that has a positive relation to presence and abundance. These results can help to predict the use of urban habitats in potential localities for its invasion.
Nuevos registros y actualizaciones de Iviraiva argentina (Hersiliidae) para Argentina
Authors: Giambelluca Luis Alberto , Rodriguez-Gil Sergio , Lagos-Silnik Susana , Argañaraz Carina , Iuri Hernán Augusto , González Alda
Published: April 2021

Las arañas de la familia Hersiliidae son distinguibles fácilmente de otras familias por la presencia de un par de largas hilanderas laterales posteriores que utilizan para capturar a sus presas. En Argentina existen dos géneros Ypypuera e Iviraiva. En el presente trabajo se aportan nuevas localidades para Iviraiva argentina y se revisan los registros históricos de esta especie para Argentina, corrigiendo errores de georreferenciación citados en la bibliografía. Los nuevos registros, que son los más australes de América, y las actualizaciones de información, destacan la importancia de datos de distribución precisos.
Diversidad y distribución vertical de escarabajos barrenadores (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae, Curculionidae: Scolytinae, Platypodinae) en un manglar en Tabasco, México
Authors: Gerónimo-Torres José del Carmen , Pérez-de la Cruz Manuel , De la Cruz-Pérez Aracely , Arias Rodríguez Lenin , Burelo-Ramos Carlos Manuel
Published: April 2021

Se describe la diversidad, y por primera vez, la distribución vertical de insectos barrenadores (Scolytinae, Platypodinae y Bostrichidae) asociados al borde e interior de un manglar. Para determinar la diversidad en estos espacios, se capturaron insectos con trampas de intercepción cebadas con alcohol etílico al 70 % y mediante una luz ultravioleta como atrayente. Con la finalidad de analizar la distribución vertical, se colocaron trampas cebadas con alcohol etílico a 1,5 m, 6 m y 12 m de altura. De acuerdo con el índice de diversidad (1D) el borde fue 1,36 más diverso que el interior con 15,82 y 11,67 respectivamente. Las trampas utilizadas a 6 m capturaron la mayor diversidad tanto en el borde como en el interior, a pesar de que las trampas a 1,5 m capturaron la mayor abundancia. En el borde, diez de los doce meses presentaron diferencias significativas en su abundancia y para el interior estas diferencias se presentaron en ocho de los doce meses. En cuanto a la diversidad (1D), en el borde estas diferencias estadísticas se presentaron en abril, mayo, julio y agosto, mientras que en el interior en junio, noviembre y diciembre. Tales diferencias pueden estar relacionadas con la variabilidad en las condiciones ambientales del manglar, lo que produce cambios en la estructura y composición de las comunidades de insectos.
Estructura de la comunidad de colémbolos (Hexapoda) del dosel de un bosque mesófilo en Hidalgo, México
Authors: Palacios-Vargas José Guadalupe , Castaño-Meneses Gabriela , Valladares Leticia
Published: April 2021

Se estudió la diversidad, riqueza y abundancia de Collembola, en el dosel de un bosque mesófilo en el Estado de Hidalgo, México, durante las estaciones lluviosa y seca de 2004 y 2005, mediante fumigaciones con Piretrinas naturales en tres áreas: una en la zona de borde cerca del camino, otra ubicada a una distancia intermedia, y la tercera en la zona más interna y conservada. Se recolectó un total de 5267 colémbolos representando once familias y 22 géneros, de ellos 4377 (83 %) corresponden a la temporada de lluvias, y 890 (17 %) a la de sequía. Las familias con mayor abundancia fueron Hypogasturidae (con casos como Schoettella distincta y Xenylla sp.), Entomobryidae (Entomobrya sp., Orchesella sp. y Willowsia mexicana), Paronellidae (Salina sp.) y Dicyrtomidae (Dicyrtoma sp.). En la zona interna se recolectaron 1586 (30 %) colémbolos y la mayor abundancia se registró en la zona intermedia, con 2157 (41 %) especímenes. Los valores menores fueron para el área de borde con 1527 (29 %) ejemplares. Se calcularon también los índices de diversidad y equitatividad, y el efecto de la temporada de recolección y sitio sobre la abundancia. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la abundancia, composición y diversidad de las comunidades en las dos estaciones, y el efecto de borde también tiene una influencia significativa en la composición de la comunidad de colémbolos del dosel, con mayor cantidad de grupos considerados como cosmopolitas en la zona de borde.
„Rés a pajzson” – a pajzsmirigy modern képalkotó vizsgálata multidiszciplináris szemszögből
Authors: Palásti Péter , Zombori Tamás , Kaiser László , Magony Sándor , Kakuja Flóra , Vörös András , Morvay Zita , Kincses Zsigmond Tamás , Palkó András , Fejes Zsuzsanna
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. A pajzsmirigy az első szervek közé tartozik, melyek
megjelenítésében, betegségeinek felfedezésében az ultrahang-diagnosztikának
fontos szerepe van. A pajzsmirigybetegségek a lakosság jelentős részét érintik,
és a technika fejlődésével egyre több pajzsmirigyeltérés, göb kerül
felfedezésre. A pajzsmirigy rosszindulatú folyamatainak nincs egy bizonyos
specifikus jele, viszont az ultrahangkép alapján meghatározhatók a malignitásra
gyanús eltérések. Erre az elmúlt években több összefoglaló rendszer is
született. Jelen összefoglaló tanulmányunknak az a célja, hogy bemutassuk a
pajzsmirigy ultrahangdiagnosztikájának fejlődését; összehasonlítsuk az egyes
leletezési rendszereket, úgymint TIRADS, EU-TIRADS, K-TIRADS, melyek célja a
feltehetőleg rosszindulatú göbök kiszűrése, azonosítása a mindennapi rutinmunka
során; vizsgáljuk a különböző rendszerek kapcsolatát a patológia által használt
Bethesda-pontrendszerrel. Az ultrahangvizsgálat megfelelő értékelése, a
pontrendszerek ismerete segíthet a pajzsmirigygöb differenciáldiagnózisában, a
követési frekvencia meghatározásában, csökkentheti az aspirációs citológiák
számát, ezzel támogatva a klinikai döntéshozatalt. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(14):
530–541.

Summary. The thyroid gland was one of the first organs, the
ultrasound (US) examination of which has played an important role. The thyroid
diseases affect a large part of the population, and with the development of
imaging technology, more and more thyroid abnormalities, nodules and malignant
lesions are being discovered. There are no specific signs of thyroid cancer, but
the suspicious signs could be determined by US. In recent years, several systems
have been developed. The aim of our review is to demonstrate the development of
US diagnostics of the thyroid gland; to compare the different reporting systems,
such as TIRADS, EU-TIRADS, K-TIRADS, which should help to identify the
questionable lesions in the daily routine work. We examine the relationship
between the different US systems and the Bethesda point score used by
pathologists. The literature review shows that the US examination supports the
clinical decisions, helps to select, who should have a fine-needle biopsy, and
allows to determine the frequency of follow-up. The number of unnecessary
fine-needle biopsies could be reduced, too. Our paper is part of a bigger
research, the ethical license number is 23/2020, University of Szeged. Orv
Hetil. 2021; 162(14): 530–541.
New records of Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis Hustache, 1939 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), a biological control agent of Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae), from São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Andre Sanz-Veiga Priscila , Lampert Silvana , Savaris Marcoandre
Published: April 2021

The geographical distribution of the weevil Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis Hustache, 1939 is extended in Brazil, with new records from the municipalities of Charqueada and Piracicaba, state of São Paulo. These are the second and third records of C. tuberculipennis in Brazil. The specimens were collected from infested fruits of Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae) in riparian forests along watercourses.
Psychoemotion change of female patient reproductive age with uterine leiomyoma in the dynamics of treatment
Authors:   SI «Institute of pediatrics, obstetrics and ginecology named academic Elena. M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kornatska A. , Danylenko O. ,   SI «Institute of pediatrics, obstetrics and ginecology named academic Elena. M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Flaksemberg M. ,   SI «Institute of pediatrics, obstetrics and ginecology named academic Elena. M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: April 2021

The objective: was to study and evaluate changes of psychoemotion of female patient reproductive age with uterine leiomyoma in the dynamics of treatment and rehabilitation of reproductive function depending on the type of therapy. Materials and methods. SAN questionnaires, WHO mental disorder criteria, and the methods of Zung, K. Heck, and I. Hess were used to study changes in psychoemotional states. Psychoemotional changes were studied in 234 patients with conservative and surgical (organ-preserving) treatment, conservative treatment was received – 93 (39.74%) patients; the surgical group was 141 (60.26%). and was divided into two subgroups ІІа – 51 (21.8%) patients without the use of preoperative hormonal training, and ІІб – 90 (38.46%) patients using preoperative preparation. Results. In patients of reproductive age with uterine leiomyoma revealed changes in the psycho-emotional state, which depend on both internal and external factors. These changes were expressed in increased anxiety, neuroticism, mood swings, activity, wellbeing.These changes were observed in both groups, but their severity and depth depended on the duration of the disease. Conclusion. During the examination of female patient reproductive age with uterine leiomyoma was discovered same psychoemotion change. They was related both from internal and external factor and could be declared as increased anxiety neuroticism changes in health, activity, mood. The severity of these changes depends on the initial psycho-emotional state of the patient, the duration of the disease, the effectiveness of previous treatment. Therefore, in some cases an individual approach to the correction of the detected changes was used Keywords: reproductive age, uterine leiomyoma, psychoemotion change.
Lungs’ size in different anatomical variant of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors:   SI «Institute of pediatrics, obstetrics and ginecology named academic Elena. M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Grebinichenko G.O. , Gordienko I.Yu. ,   SI «Institute of pediatrics, obstetrics and ginecology named academic Elena. M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: April 2021

The objective: to compare lung indices in fetuses with different anatomical variants of left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia, determined by two-dimensional ultrasound examination. Materials and methods. Data from 157 ultrasound examinations in 136 fetuses as patients with the most typical anatomical variants of left-sided diaphragmatic hernia were analyzed. The area of the lungs and the herniated liver were measured in the standard cross section of fetal thorax, at the level of a four-chamber view, with following calculation of prognostic indices. Comparison of indices’ means in groups depending on the abdominal organs herniated into fetal chest was performed using Student’s t-test. Results. The most numerous group in our study was one with herniation of the liver, stomach and intestines (62.5%). Significantly lower values of all lung indices were found in this group (p≤0.0001). In particular, observed-to-expected area ratio equaled to 35.59±8.8 and 31.73±10.51 in these fetuses in II and III trimesters respectively. In fetuses with intestines herniation, this index was 60.67±10.93 and 57.37±7.98, in fetuses with stomach and intestines herniation – 53.20±7.02 and 51.77±9.57 in II and III trimesters, respectively. Differential analysis of lung indices depending on the degree of liver herniation showed the presence of statistically highly significant difference in both second and third trimesters. In the group with mild liver herniation, the largest lung sizes and indices were determined, which were similar to values registered in groups without hepatic herniation. The lowest values of all lung indices were registered in the group with severe liver herniation. Conclusions. The anatomical variant of left diaphragmatic hernia with herniation of liver, stomach and intestines into thorax was the most common among our study population; in this group the lowest values of term-independent lung indices were observed. However, this group turned out to be heterogeneous: with different degrees of liver herniation, different degrees of pulmonary hypoplasia were found. Significant differences in lung indices found in II trimester can become a basis for early assessment of the severity of pathology and prediction of postnatal outcome. Keywords: congenital diaphragmatic hernia, liver herniation, pulmonary hypoplasia, lung size, prenatal diagnosis.
Cholestatic hepatosis of pregnant women: issues of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Beniuk S.V. , Kovaliuk T.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Cholestatic hepatosis of pregnant women complicates approximately 0.2% to 2% of pregnancies and may increase the risk of pregnancy and fetal pathology. The article provides information on diagnosis, treatment methods and possible risks to pregnant women and the fetus associated with cholestatic hepatosis of pregnancy. The diagnosis of cholestatic hepatosis of pregnant women is usually based on clinical (itching) and laboratory (elevated bile acid levels) signs. Other markers that reflect liver function, such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, are also often elevated, and this requires a differential diagnosis with other pathological conditions leading to liver dysfunction. Cholestatic hepatosis of pregnant women causes an increased risk of premature birth, fetal distress, respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn and stillbirth. There is evidence that with increasing levels of bile acids increases the risk of adverse effects for newborns. Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy reduces maternal symptoms, but this therapy has not been shown to reduce risks to the fetus. Women diagnosed with cholestatic hepatosis in pregnant women have a high risk of recurrence during subsequent pregnancies and hepatobiliary disease later in life. Keywords: cholestatic hepatosis of pregnant women, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnant women, obstetric cholestasis.
Defending the State as a Form of Love for the Fatherland in an Islamic Perspective
Authors: Zamie Zamzami
Published: April 2021

Transnational ideology springs the faded attitude of state defends. On another side, state defend is always connected with the military. The concept of jihad (struggle) in the Qur’an can be understood as an obligation to defend the state at all levels. The obligation could be in the form of guarding unity and integrity, culturalizing of deliberation, struggling justice, and maintaining freedom. The obligation of state defends in the form of physical form could not be conducted whether individually or collectively. This obligation is performed only if a ruler commands to battle against, and when an enemy has besieged a region. If defending Indonesia's state is one of the requirements for the existence and glory of Muslims in materializing Islamic values and universal of humanity, so struggling for state defend is a condition sine qua non.
HOJA DE RUTA PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE RESULTADOS DE APRENDIZAJE PARA LA FORMACIÓN INVESTIGATIVA
Authors: Norman-Acevedo Eduardo , Daza-Orozco Carlos Eduardo , Caro-Gómez Claudia Lucía
Published: April 2021

En el actual posicionamiento en contextos regionales e internacionales del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Colombia – SNCTeI; El Estado ha buscado con ahínco el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas para la formación de nuevos contingentes de científicos, dicha exploración a simple vista desarticulada en el modelo espiral compuesto por el Estado–la escuela / universidad –la empresa y la sociedad cada vez más se arraiga al fomento de los preceptos clásicos de la investigación en donde sin importar la modalidad (presencial–virtual) el nivel (preescolar, básica, secundaria, pregrado, postgrado) o el área disciplinar, se espera la aprehensión de estructuras y métodos para el desarrollo de unidades de realidad o proyectos para solventar algún tipo de necesidad del entorno.

Esta gestión de capacidades inicia un largo trayecto por parte de los actores del SNCTeI para abarcar la mayor cantidad de elementos que garanticen la implementación de la triada de procesos inherentes a la investigación tales como: el empirismo, la sistematización y la argumentación; pero, que desafortunadamente en el afán de buscar indicadores burocráticos asociados al reporte de número de proyectos en formulación, en curso y finalizados; dejan a media marcha los aprendizajes de los directos involucrados en todo tipo de estructuras epistemológicas y ontológicas para la verdadera resolución de preguntas problemas y no solamente la promoción de documentos enunciativos.
DESARROLLO DE LAS COMPETENCIAS CIENTÍFICAS MEDIANTE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (ABP) EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE GRADO QUINTO DEL INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO DE CALDAS (MANIZALES)
Authors: Duque-Cardona Valentina , Largo-Taborda Wilson Alejandro
Published: April 2021

El Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) es una estrategia metodológica que presenta al docente y al estudiante un grupo de actividades que buscan que el aprendizaje sea activo, dinámico y significativo; esta estrategia tiene como punto de partida situaciones problémicas que surgen de la cotidianidad del estudiante, logrando así un aprendizaje con sentido. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se tuvo como objetivo la implementación del ABP para el desarrollo de las competencias científicas para los estudiantes de grado quinto en la enseñanza del sistema respiratorio. La metodología implementada se dio desde el enfoque cualitativo, método investigación-acción, con un grupo experimental y un grupo control, en el Instituto Universitario de Caldas, de la ciudad de Manizales. Para la recolección de la información se tuvo en cuenta el nivel de apropiación que tienen los estudiantes sobre las competencias científicas, para luego llevar a cabo la implementación del ABP en la enseñanza de la temática relacionada con el sistema respiratorio y así evaluar el desarrollo de las competencias científicas en los estudiantes de dicho grado. A modo de conclusión, los estudiantes de grado quinto del instituto Universitario de Caldas presentaron un avance en la apropiación y desarrollo de las competencias científicas, siendo un proceso más consciente y significativo, logrando un aprendizaje desde la experiencia y las propias vivencias.
An Analysis of a Keyword Network of the Research Field on the Education for Parents of Children With Disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Choi Misug , Jeon Insu
Published: April 2021

This study aims to examine the intellectual structure of the research field regarding the education for parents of children with disabilities. Korean keywords meaning ‘education for parents of children with disabilities’, ‘education for mothers of children with disabilities’, ‘mothers of children with disabilities’, and ‘education for fathers of children with disabilities’ were entered as search terms into the database of the Research Information Sharing Service (RISS). This is to screen for peer-reviewed journal articles in South Korea on the research field. After collecting the keywords from the articles, the characteristics of the overall intellectual structure of the field, and the centralities of the keywords, the clusters were investigated by applying the keyword network analysis method. NetMiner 4.4 was used for the analysis and for also visualizing the research results. The findings indicated that the keyword network of the research field consists of three components. ‘Parent education,’ ‘children with disabilities,’ ‘children with autism,’ and ‘children with developmental disabilities’ were the keywords with high－degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality. The cluster analysis identified 12 subfields within the research field. The characteristics of the intellectual structure of the research field were summarized and the limitations, significance, and insights for further research were discussed.
The Perception Survey of Special Education Professionals Regarding the Compilation and Quality Management of Special Education Text-books
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Han KyungIm , Choi Jinhyeok , Park JaeKook , Han KyungHwa , Shin SooJung , Kim IlSoo , Kim Daeyong , Song EunSuk , Sung KyungSun
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to survey the perception of special education professionals about the compilation and quality management of special education text-books. The participants consisted of 600 special education teachers and 100 special education professionals who had participated in the development of special education text-books. As a result, the special education teachers used text-books by an average degree. The special education teachers recognized both the type and number of text-books. by an average degree but the participants who assisted in the development of the text-books recognized that they were under production. All participants of this study recognized the necessity of the development for digital special education text-books. In relation to the cost of compilation and development, the participants who had developed special education text-books recognized the increased cost of development regarding the illustrations within the text-books. These results will have an effect on the developmental policy regarding the compilation and quality management of special education text-books.