bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To the question of the development of industry in Russia and the peculiarities of the entrepreneur's personality
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия, Татьяна Георгиевна Философова , Дмитрий Николаевич Сырцов ,   Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Москва, Россия
Published: October 2023

It is showed the relevance and debatability of the issue of the formation of a set of professional competencies of the individual, spiritual and moral qualities, and creativity. An interdisciplinary approach to the history of entrepreneurship is used. The authors explore the totality of the processes of development of the administrative and economic territory, the structural and functional characteristics of the national economy, culture, as well as the biography and deeds of a particular person who takes on industrial and commercial risks, has competencies. The reasons and prerequisites for the development of entrepreneurship in the chemical industry are considered. It is shown that entrepreneurial activity in Russia in the second half of the XIX century proceeded on the one hand against the background of the development of science and industry, and on the other – against the background of the social reorganization of society. The significance of the founding of the chemical Plant by Filosofov and OK, as well as the entrepreneurial and social activities of the founder of the plant, are assessed. The results of an interdisciplinary study of various aspects of the development of entrepreneurial activity in Russia in the 19th century, as well as the characteristics of the personality of an entrepreneur, his education, and publicistic activity, form the basis for the conclusion about high multipotentiality, which served as the basis for the successful organization and management of entrepreneurial activity in the last quarter of the 19th century.
Modern challenges of the food security system of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Рустам Валентинович Шхагошев , Рустам Владимирович Шхагошев ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Шахим Викторович Тлябичев ,   ПАО КБ «ЕВРОКОММЕРЦ», Москва, Россия
Published: October 2023

The issue of forming an effective food security system in the Russian Federation has been a key issue on the political agenda for a long period of time. In 2022, this issue received additional development due to the escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, which resulted in the intensification of sanctions pressure on our country.
Search for directions of sustainable development of the Republic of Adygea
Authors:   Адыгейский государственный университет, Майкоп, Россия, Зуриет Анзауровна Жаде , Азамат Мухамчериевич Шадже ,   Адыгейский государственный университет, Майкоп, Россия, Инна Николаевна Гайдарева ,   Адыгейский государственный университет, Майкоп, Россия
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the main vectors of sustainable development of Adygea, which occupy an important place in the Strategy of socio-economic development of the Republic of Adygea until 2030. It is emphasized that an integral part of the sustainable development of the region is the solution of problems related to the economic, social and environmental spheres. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the development of the tourism cluster and the trends of the branding of the territory. The contribution of scientists of the region to the development of the concept of sustainable development is noted. The conclusion is made about the need for further harmonious cooperation of regional authorities, civil society institutions and representatives of the scientific community in achieving the goals of sustainable development of the republic.
Socio-technological paradigm: features of the theoretical representation of modernization processes
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Олег Юрьевич Керимов
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of the theoretical representation of modernization processes within the socio-technological paradigm. The author dwells in detail on the conceptual and methodological origins of the theories of modernization and neo-modernization, showing their unity in understanding modernization changes as processes of rationalization in the field of production technologies, production management and economics, politics and socio-cultural sphere. It is noted that in the socio-technological paradigm, socio-political modernization is represented as a process accompanying technical, technological, economic and managerial changes.
Political innovations: from institutional analysis to the study of value-motivational and behavioral sphere of transfer and reception of innovations
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Дмитрий Александрович Леньков
Published: October 2023

Since the value-target component of innovation becomes decisive in the study and solution of problems of legitimacy of power, consensus of power and society, consolidation of elites and society, national and general civil identity, the article substantiates that the institutional approach should be compensated by the devel-opment of research on value-motivational and behavioral spheres of transfer and reception of innovations. In the latter case, the emphasis should be placed on models of inter-elite interaction, the value-motivational component of the demand of elites and the population for innovation, as well as on research and purposeful formation of a political culture, a culture of active civic participation, which plays an essential role in the reception and implementation of political innovations.
The metaverse as a new media phenomenon of society: prospects for creation and social consequences
Authors:   Ростовский институт (филиал) Всероссийского государственного университета юстиции (РПА Минюста России), Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Ольга Юрьевна Ангел
Published: October 2023

In this article, the author examines one of the most global and ambitious public projects aimed at creating a digital space of the future "new social person". The metaverse should provide ample opportunities for online users not only in the field of communication, leisure activities, but also this digital world should become as realistic as possible. The social risks of the project implementation are analyzed, primarily related to ensuring the safety of users, and possible prospects for the development of this platform are given. The urgency of creating a new moral paradigm for the future digital space is formulated. The potential social consequences of the widespread introduction of the metaverse in the context of the development of new technologies in key areas of public life are considered.
Electoral process in the institutional political and social field as an object of scientific research: concept, essence, structure, functions
Authors:   Институт социологии и регионоведения Южного федерального университета, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Яков Андреевич Асланов
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to characterize the concept, essence, structure and functions of the electoral pro-cess as an object of scientific research in the institutional political and social field. The object of the study is the processes of satisfying social demands with the help of political mechanisms. The subject of the study is the social foundations of the effectiveness of electoral processes in modern political systems. The study of the sociological aspects of the institutionalization of the electoral process in modern Russia, carried out within the framework of this research work, allows us to draw the following conclusions. The division of social processes into political and social is a form of existence of modern science. In real life, society is a whole organism in which the social and political spheres are closely connected. In a single institutional mechanism, this connection is reproduced within the framework of the electoral process, the main function of which is to translate electoral requests from society into the sphere of real politics. At the same time, the mechanism of the electoral process itself is a set of socio-political, organizational-administrative, political and political-social processes carried out at four levels (phases), the final result of which should be the fullest possible satisfaction of electoral demands of society by means of real politics. Such conditionality of real politics by electoral demands on the part of society largely characterizes the sociological aspect of the electoral process in the structure of the political system. An important result of the possible conceptualization of such activities was the thesis that electoral processes, both in the ultimate goal of their functioning (meeting the needs of society by means of real politics), and at each of the phases of the electoral process can depend mainly on one of the two most important tasks that determine the functioning of the entire political system. These tasks are ei-ther aimed at promising socio-economic development, or at solving urgent problems in the field of security.
Intraprofessional stratification of military personnel of contract service
Authors:   Саратовский военный ордена Жукова Краснознаменный институт войск национальной гвардии Российской Федерации, Саратов, Россия, Таисия Михайловна Баландина , Вадим Эдуардович Алексеенко ,   Саратовский военный ордена Жукова Краснознаменный институт войск национальной гвардии Российской Федерации, Саратов, Россия
Published: October 2023

The content of the intraprofessional stratification of military personnel is considered. The criteria for the stratification of military personnel as a specific professional group are revealed: 1) military rank; 2) education; 3) family income; 3) prestige of the military profession. As a result of the analysis of the results of the empirical analysis, an intraprofessional stratification of military authors is presented , including three basic strata: 1) senior military specialists (officers performing military service under contract – 20–25 % of the military personnel); 2) junior military specialists (warrant officers, sergeants, privates performing military service under a contract – 60–65 % of the military personnel); 3) trained military specialists (cadets of higher military institutes of Russia performing military service under a contract – 10% of the military personnel). The necessity of developing a mechanism for constructing an increase in the quality of life of military personnel is justified, which should ensure not only their sustainable educational development, but also an increase in material content, ensuring the possibility of expanded consumption not only for them, but also for their family members.
Institute of young family: explication of determinating factors
Authors:   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Наталья Халиловна Гафиатулина , Яна Викторовна Артамонова ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Дарья Николаевна Брайко ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: October 2023

Currently, there are trends in the world associated with an increase in the age of marriage at first marriage and an increase in the number of divorces. These trends are also observed in Russia. The norms and values of the family institution are being transformed, making it more and more unstable, which arouses interest from demographers, psychologists, economists, and sociologists. Within the framework of this work, the author’s analyze approaches to the definition of “young family”, consider measures of state and regional support for the family, as well as risk factors for family breakdown relative to its life cycles. In addition, the author’s attention is paid to the results of all-Russian studies illustrating the opinion of Russians regarding marriage and family relations. The materials studied confirm that a young family must consolidate its special status in state policy, since it most of all needs material, social and value support. The state and society are obliged to share responsibility for the development and well-being of young families.
Sociocultural determinants of radical youth
Authors:   Калмыцкий государственный университет им. Б. Б. Городовикова, Элиста, Россия, Тамара Саранговна Очирова , Татьяна Манджиевна Болтырова ,   Институт комплексных исследований аридных территорий, Элиста, Россия, Людмила Александровна Дорджиева ,   Калмыцкий государственный университет им. Б. Б. Городовикова, Элиста, Россия
Published: October 2023

In today's media, media space and scientific research, youth activism is very often considered. The social activism of young people is very often an interdisciplinary study and is considered by scientists at the intersection with such problems as deviation, radicalization, extremist behavior. The authors of this work address the socio-cultural determinants of radical youth. The radicalism of young people, according to the authors of the article, is associated with the age characteristics of various groups of young people, the psycho-emotional state of young people of different age categories, economic instability, value attitudes and orientations, the active influence of the information environment, lack of social experience, unformed social ties, as well as unconstructed identity. Understanding the determinants that influence the radicalization of youth consciousness makes it possible to build the most successful strategies for countering and preventing radical phenomena in the youth environment.
«Employment» as a basic category of cognitive practices for perceiving a new social reality
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Андрей Михайлович Гуревич
Published: October 2023

Through the operationalization of the conceptual and categorical apparatus developed in social and humanitarian knowledge, as well as a secondary analysis of empirical sociological data, the article presents scientific and non-scientific cognitive practices of perceiving a new social reality through the prism of the “employment” category. The features of the legal, economic and sociological approaches to employment of the population are formulated. The main directions of the social and humanitarian scientific discourse of recent years on the prospects for employment in Russian society are characterized.
Impact of network communication tools on the attitude of voters to the elections as social and political institute
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Михаил Александрович Роговенко
Published: October 2023

The article examines the influence of network communication tools on the attitude of voters towards elections as a socio-political institution, the transition of civic activity to network structures, increasing the appropriate participation in this process of various socio-political institutions and government structures, the attitude of citizens towards electronic voting, methods and methods of dissemination information about elections through network communications and the impact of this process on the civic activity of the population.
Book review: Melas V. B., Zolotukhina-Abolina E. V. Experience and action: phenomenological and existential approaches. St. Petersburg: Vladimir Dal, 2020. 253 p.; Zolotukhina-Abolina E. V., Melas V. B. Experience: philosophical analysis. St. Petersburg: Vladimir Dal, 2022. 351 p.
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Лариса Владимировна Рябова
Published: October 2023

The review examines the phenomenon of experience, investigated in the social-humanitarian terms, in the joint works of two authors: the famous expert on ethics and philosophical anthropology E. V. Zolotukhina-Abolina (Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of the Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don) and mathematician, philosopher V.B. Melas (Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg). The phenomenon of experience is analyzed by the authors comprehensively, the reviewed books include an interweaving of historical, psychological, anthropological, sociological, philosophical ideas, contain references to literary texts. V. Melas presents the original version of the experience in line with the phenomenological approach, and E. Zolotukhina-Abolina picks up the ideas of his coauthor, develops the topic in an existential-anthropological and psychological way. The works are written in a clear, intelligible language and are intended for everyone who is engaged in the study of the problem of consciousness - philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, literary critics, other specialists in the humanities, but may be of interest to any reader interested in human feelings and experiences.
Methodology of prioritization of tasks in the professional activity of a contract system specialist
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Екатерина Михайловна Медякова , Анастасия Игоревна Морозова ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: October 2023

The authors consider the problems of applying time management techniques by specialists in the field of procurement in the contract system. The possibility of implementing successful techniques, highly proven in industry and business processes of various levels, in the organization of working hours and working space of a specialist of the domestic budget procurement is studied.
Condition and factors of development of international tourism in Middle Eastern countries
Authors:   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Татьяна Васильевна Воронина , Ашхен Борисовна Яценко ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Зуха Хедер ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: October 2023

Development of international tourism is a key direction for economic diversity of Middle Eastern countries. It provides favorable long-time economic aspects and enhances positive image of the region. The purpose of the research is to assess the current state and identify the factors of development of international tourism in the Middle East in order to validate priorities for tourism development applying specific features of each country. Based on comprehensive analysis of the main indicators of tourism, authors identified significant differentiation among countries and different contributions of tourism service exports to the development of national economies. The largest contribution of tourism service export is made by Lebanon, Jordan, Bahrain and the UAE to the national GDP and by the UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt to the national exports. In terms of aggregate service exports the Palestinian Authority, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq have the highest contributions. The leading countries in the region are the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt, which account for two-thirds of the tourism service exports in the Middle East. Based on determining the average values for the region for each indicator, the authors ranked countries into "above average" and "below average" groups to account for the specific characteristics of tourism development in each country. Through the analysis, the authors justified and classified positive and destructive factors of tourism development in the region. The following priorities for tourism development were formulated for countries: focusing on the development of modern tourism infrastructure, especially in Yemen, Lebanon, Bahrain, and Kuwait; promoting tourist attractions; restoring tourist trust in the region's security (Syria, Iraq, Palestinian Authority, Israel, etc.); diversifying the tourism product (UAE, Qatar, Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia); providing comprehensive services (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain); deepening intergovernmental cooperation and creating a joint regional tourism product (for all countries in the region).
REGULATION BY THE STATE AUTHORITIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE OF THE STATUTES OF PRE-REVOLUTIONARY SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOCIETIES OF MEDICAL WORKERS OF OREL PROVINCE)
Authors:   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin, GULARYAN A.B.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the regulation of the charters of pre-revolutionary public organizations by the state authorities of the Russian Empire. In the article, on specific examples of the approval of new charters of the Orel Medical Society and the Orel Veteri-nary Society, law enforcement practice in the field of permission and registration of amateur public organizations at the end of the 19th century is considered in the Russian Empire. As a result of the research, the author draws the conclusion that the approved statutes were a compromise between the founders of societies and the tsarist bureaucrats, who were trying with all their might to limit the competence of «private» societies.
CENSORSHIP AS AN INDICATOR OF SOCIO-POLITICAL ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES IN 1914-1917 (THROUGH EXAMPLE OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE)
Authors:   Bryansk State University named after Academician I.G. Petrovsky, USTINOVA Y.N.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to characterize the phenomenon of the concept of «censorship» as an indicator of socio–political attitudes and practices in 1914-1917 in the German Empire. During this period, the role of information increased, the method of exercising control over which was the resumption of censorship, abolished in the 1870s. It stressed that the condi-tions for the implementation of the law are changed. The impe-rial government had no experience in organizing and conduct-ing information work in wartime. The work of censorship agen-cies has significantly changed the content of news reports and the appearance of newspaper issues. From now on, reports on events from the front were printed strictly in a patriotic spirit; deliberate silencing of real events was practiced; printing of frankly false information was frequent; in order to avoid the anxiety of the population, large volumes of material were cut out of the already finished issue, so «censorship holes» or «white spots» appeared. The main characteristic of the news was their monotony. Against this background, the flywheel of rumors and speculation began to unwind, which gradually created tension in society, leading to its polarization. The inconsistency of actions in the highest political and military circles, the lack of political unity in parliament led to the tight-ening of the current regime as a way out of the current situa-tion. All these processes were accompanied by the emergence of restless, even reactionary, moods of the population, the strengthening of German distrust of the Kaiser and the authori-ties in general, the deterioration of the socio-economic situa-tion in the country. The culminating period occurred at the turn of 1916-1917. The resolution of the situation was the Novem-ber revolution of 1918. The article is written with the Russian Science Founda-tion’s support. (Project №22-28-00900 «The Russian periodical press and censorship in the theater of military operations as indica-tors of socio-political sentiments and practices (1914-1917)).
DISTRIBUTION OF DISCHARGE AND SECTANCY IN THE OREL PROVINCE AT THE END OF THE 19TH – BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, ISAEV A.V. , MATVIENKO V.A. ,   Yelets State University
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study certain issues of the development of Schism and Sectarianism in Orel province in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The paper focuses on the causes, motives, localization of such distribution, the relationship between different communities. Based on the analysis of the materials of the Missionary Review and the Orel Diocesan Gazette, the authors emphasize that the most energetic and influential people were at the head of the schismatics and sectarians. The phenomenon of popularity of various sects and interpretations among resi-dents of the Orel province was due to both internal (the search for truth-seeking, dissatisfaction with everyday life) and external factors (changes in political, social or economic life, poverty, physical disabilities, old age). As a result, the authors draw the conclusion that schismatics and sectarians were both very fanatical and intolerant, and more lenient and compliant towards the Orthodox Church and its clergy depending on the place of residence.
HISTORICAL CONDITIONALITY OF THE ADAPTATION’S COMPLEXITIES OF LIBERAL POLITICAL AND LEGAL DOCTRINES IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, ASTRAKHAN V.I. , BORISOV A.S. ,   Orеl State University named after  I.S. Turgenev
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the prob-lems that arise in adapting the provisions of the liberal political and legal doctrine to Russian reality. The authors pay attention to the historical peculiarities of the development of liberalism in Russia, and analyzes the factors that hinder its dissemination and approval as a state ideology. The authors compare the relevant historical experi-ence with the difficulties typical for the development of domestic liberalism in modern realities. As a result, the authors identify the as-pects of liberal teaching that are most difficult to adapt to Russian realities and the causes of such difficulties by analyzing of historical documents and doctrinal provisions, as well as the phenomena inherent in modern public consciousness and the main characteristics of modern state.
A HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF PARLIAMENTARY MONARCHIES IN TWENTIETH CENTURY EUROPE
Authors:   Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, TSYBAKOV D.L. , KABATSKY M.S. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the political and historical events of the 20th century, which affected the formation and development of the par-liamentary-monarchical form of government in Eu-ropean states. The authors give a detailed analysis of the abo-lition and restoration of monarchy in European states against the backdrop of key historical pro-cesses, including world wars, prewar, interwar and postwar periods. As a result, the authors come to conclusions that it is noted the negative impact of the events of the 20th century on the monarchical form of gov-ernment. The arguments and foundations of the legitimist format, which can be used as a basis for the idea of the restoration of monarchies in the twenty-first century, are highlighted.
FORMING THE THEORY OF STATE CAPITALISM TONY CLIFFE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN PROPOSITIONS
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, GORLOV A.V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to criticize the main positions of Tony Cliff's theory of state capitalism. In the course of the analysis, the author finds out that none of the positions presented by him is true: firstly, the October Revolution of 1917 was not proletarian, secondly, the coming to power of the Stalinists did not represent a counter-revolutionary coup, thirdly, bureaucracy did not rule in the USSR, and, fourthly, the Soviet capitalism was not reac-tionary. As a result, the author shows that in order to avoid mistakes made by Tony Cliff, the Soviet sys-tem should be considered as nomenclatural.
TRANSCIVILIZATIONAL CONTINUITY OF THE BOSPORAS KINGDOM
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, TYURIN E.A. , SAVINOVA E.N. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to present the thesis of the original author's concept of the transciviliza-tional continuity of the Bosporus kingdom in the context of the teachings of N.Ya. Danilevsky about cultural and historical types. The authors come to the conclusion that the ancient Bosporan fusion of influences from various civilizations and overlays of many cultural horizons should be considered as a transcivilizational continuity of the Bosporan king-dom. In this we should look for the main criteria of the Russian cultural and historical type.
PECULIARITIES OF STAFFING OF GOVERNING BODIES AND INSTITUTIONS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION OF THE RSFSR AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN THE EARLY 1920s (BY THE EXAMPLE OF ORLOVSKAYA PROVINCE)
Authors:   Department Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Oryol region, SHLYAKHOVA V.V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to characterize the process of restructuring the mechanism for staff-ing the administrative bodies and institutions of public education of the RSFSR at the regional (provincial) level in the early 1920s. in the context of the realities of the «cultural revolution» that has begun (on the example of the Oryol province). The author substantiates the factors in the formation of new requirements for educa-tors, put forward by the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR «On the Establishment of Institutes for the Training of Red Professors» and the decisions of the X Congress of Soviets, and also characterizes the mechanism for implementing these requirements at the all-Russian and regional levels.
ISRAEL - SYRIA RELATIONS IN 1948–1967
Authors:   The Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Acade-my of Sciences, KHAZANOV A.M. , GASRATYAN S.M. ,   The Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Acade-my of Sciences
Published: October 2023

The main purpose of the article is to analyze historical sources that consider the peculiari-ties of Israel – Syria relations in the period 1948-1967. The authors investigate the events that contributed to the insurrection in Syria in 1949 and its consequences for the relations of this country with Israel. In total for the period from 1949-1953. In total, four military insurrections took place in Syria between 1949 and 1953, and 21 governments were replaced. Under these conditions, peace talks were held be-tween Syria and Israel. The researchers focus on economic assistance from the USSR to Arab countries. As a result, the authors come to conclu-sion that the truce regime between Israel and Syria lasted until the Six-Day War of 1967, but even earlier, at the turn of 1954-1955, it had already reached the point of no return.
TRANSFORMATIONS OF DMITROVSK AND ITS COUNTY IN THE 18TH CENTURY
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, POLUKHIN O.V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify the pecu-liarities of the transformations of Dmitrovsk and its county in the 18th century. The article anal-yses the history of the formation of Dmitrovsk and its county as administrative-territorial units in the province and the reasons for their transfor-mations. The author emphasizes that new administra-tive-territorial units appeared in the Russian Em-pire as a result of the provincial reform of Em-press Catherine II. The appearance of the new administrative-territorial units was due to various reasons, such as the numerical principle of the Highest Institutions 1775, and the personal will of the Empress herself. The author stresses that the second reason is the most important. So, Dmitrovsky County was formed in 1782, on the territory of Orel region mainly at the ex-pense of the territory of Lugang County, with Dmitrovsk as the administrative center and with the simultaneous withdrawal of Lugang from the state. The author notes that this transformation took place not since the establishment of Orel province on February 28, 1778, but during the provincial reform.
MARSHALS OF ARMORED TROOPS
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, NIKITIN E.V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the activity of S.I. Bogdanov, A.H. Babajanyan, M.E. Katukov, O.A. Losik, P.P. Poluboyarov, P.A. Rotmistrov, P.S. Rybalko and Ya.N. Fedorenko, who were award-ed the rank "Marshal of Armored troops" in 1944-1975, to consider their personal and professional qualities, as well as their contribution to the solution of strategic tasks of the war and post–war period. The research is based on such materials as the Journal of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. The research methodology includes both the biographical method and the method of "memory studies", which allow to take an objective approach to a personality, to get a glimpse of the real person and his historical role in society, to focus on the individual destinies of people in connection with understanding and explaining the course of a historical event. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that tank army commanders were characterized as energetic and mobile men of a certain determination and force with broad initiative, independence and a high sense of responsibility; they are perfectionists clinging to riles and procedures and expects subordi-nates to follow their lead. Therefore, they were de-servedly awarded a high military rank. In the post-war period, they also actively manifested themselves in various positions, participated in public and political life and solved urgent state tasks.
THE EMERGENCE OF TRADE UNIONS OF OREL PROVINCE: A CASE OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BOLKHOV UNION OF TANNERS (1905-1919)
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, VLASOV Yu.I.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the activities of the Bolkhov Union of Tanners in the context of the emergence of trade unions of Orel province in 1905-1919. The territory of Orel province limits the geo-graphical scope of the study. The research is based on statistical and reference materials, reviews of Orel province, as well as data of the Bolkhov history muse-um archive. A comprehensive analysis of the sources was car-ried out by means of traditional scientific research methods such as system analysis, retrospective meth-od and historical method. The article analyzes the prerequisites for the emergence of the first trade unions of Orel province, identifies the actors of the Bolkhov Union of Tanners. The author notes that the main re-quirements of the trade unions were economic and organizational issues in terms of increasing wages, canceling outhouse work for workers, developing inter-nal regulations and issuing wage and payment books. The trade union paid considerable attention to cultural and educational activities. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion, that the formation and development of the Bolkhov Union of Tanners largely reflects the history of the Trade Union movement in Russia.
THE FIGHT AGAINST EPIDEMICS AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE CAUCASUS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute – branch, GERMAN R.E.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to consider the pro-cess of fighting against epidemics as one of the strategies for extending the power of the Russian Empire to the territory of the Caucasus. Epidemic diseases played an important role in the complex of factors that prevented the development of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire. During the de-velopment of the territory of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, Russian troops had to resist not only the unfriendly local population, but also ma-laria (“fever”), due to which the mortality rate in the garrisons of Russian fortifications on the Black Sea was very high. The author determined that the degree of in-cidence of epidemics in the troops was directly related to how seriously the epidemic factor was taken by the military leaders who commanded these troops and how the command was able to organize the implementation of a set of measures to counter the epidemic. The fight against epidem-ics is considered in the context of a complex of factors that contributed to their spread - ongoing hostilities and redeployment of troops, hot cli-mate, lack of water, lengthy communications, lack of qualified medical personnel, non-compliance with sanitation and hygiene measures in units and subunits of Russian troops in the Caucasus. The factors that contributed to reducing the severity of the epidemic situation in the region are shown - the use of new drugs, quarantine cordon service, increased requirements for sanitation and hygiene in the troops, the involvement of qualified military doctors, and the practical use of the results of their research.
THE HISTORY OF THE SECOND PERIOD OF ACTIVITY OF THE FELLOWSHIP OF ST. ALBAN AND ST. SERGIUS IN ENGLAND
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, FEDOTOV S.P.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the history of the second period of activity of the Orthodox-Anglican Fellowship of St. Alban and St. Sergius. The special historical methods are used. The re-search period of this Christian public society work is be-tween 1939 and 1945. The article describes the work of the Fellowship in the conditions of the Second World War. The author notes that the previously held confer-ences of a theological nature with the participation of Orthodox and Anglicans were canceled. Instead, they were replaced by annual summer camps, where the participants of the Fellowship discussed issues of the relationship between the Orthodox and Anglican Churches. The article shows that in this period of history the dialogue of the Russian Orthodox Church with the Angli-can Church is weakening. The idea of a possible unification of the two churches continued to develop thanks to the activities of the Orthodox members of the Fellowship of St. Alban and St. Sergius. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the activities of this organization have positively affected the resumption of dialogue between the Russian Ortho-dox and Anglican Churches. The two church organizations returned to communion in the autumn of 1943 after the Anglican Church leaders visited Moscow.
I.G. STARINOV AND STATE SECURITY BODIES
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, MERKULOV P.A. , MERKULOV A.V. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the activities of Colonel I. G. Starinov and his interaction with state secu-rity bodies aimed at forming a strategy and tactics of sabotage work. It is stressed that his methods of work became a benchmark for carrying out special actions to destroy the critical infrastructure of the enemy and elimi-nate the leaders of enemy military and administrative structures. A wide range of historical research methods, such as comparative and historical methods, comparative meth-ods and others are used. Starinov' s activity is consid-ered as a reflection of the epoch in the military history of Russia. During his life, Starinov was called «the genius of the explosion», «the god of sabotage», «the grandfather of the Russian special forces». Being on duty, at various stages of his career, I. G. Starinov was in close coopera-tion with the security bodies: the OGPU, the NKVD, the MGB and the KGB. This cooperation took place during his work on the training of sabotage personnel in the 1930s in the Ukrainian Military District, and during his business trip to Spain. During the Great Patriotic War, I. G. Starinov, together with NKVD officers, trained CHEKA officers for sabotage and partisan work. In the postwar period I. G. Starinov worked again with KGB officers on a teaching job. As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that the activity of I. G. Starinov became the basis for the formation of special services in Soviet Russia. The au-thors emphasize that Starinov’ s methods of work in the field of sabotage are so perfect that they are of great importance to the present day, and are still in practical use by modern state security bodies and the Armed Forces of Russia.
THE TEACHING STAFF OF THE THEOLOGOCAL SEMINARIES IN RUSSIA OF THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, MERKULOV A.V. , PANARIN I.A. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is a categorical analysis of the teaching staff of theological seminaries in Russia of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This study is of great importance for understand-ing the history of Russia and the role of the Church in society. The study of the teaching staff of theological seminaries and the degree of their professional training makes it possible to analyze the possibilities of the influence of this category of church intellectuals on the social life of Russia at that time. The article analyzes the nature and essence of the interaction of the church intellectuals with representatives of state power, as well as the influence of the teaching staff of the theological educational institutions of tsarist Russia on public sentiment and the sphere of public education. As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that this study can be useful for understanding modern religious culture in Russia and its connection with secular education. The interrela-tion of theological and secular education shown in the article reveals their mutual influence and joint impact on the formation of public sentiment in the country, the impact of spiritual traditional values on the culture and way of people life. The study of the teaching staff of theological seminaries in Russia of the late 19th and early 20th centuries makes it possible to understand the origins of modern problems and trends in the further develop-ment of interaction between the state and society in upholding spiritual ideals in the context of the challenges of the secular public-state space.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REFORMS 1808-1814 IN THE SYSTEM OF THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF KURSK THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, BAUSHOV R.B.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the implementation of the reforms in the system of theological education at the beginning of the 19th century on the example of Kursk Theological Seminary. Some historical research methods are used to analyze the sources and documents of that period. The interview method is used to study the opinions and views of the participants them-selves, as well as contemporaries. The method of comparative analysis is used to compare the reform carried out at Kursk The statistical analysis method is used to study the quantitative pa-rameters associated with the reform The system of research methods help to get a complete picture of the changes carried out. This includes the analysis of historical documents and mem-oirs of participants to obtain data on the principles and mecha-nisms of events, analysis of their results and effectiveness, and also allowed to understand the degree of influence of the intro-duced innovations on theological education in the region. The principles and mechanisms of the reform, its goals and objectives are identified, its results and effectiveness are evaluated. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that taking into account the socio-historical context of that time, which made it possible to understand the reasons for the reform and realize its importance for theological education in Russia. The author emphasizes that although the reforms 1808-1814 have been studied quite fully in Russian historiography, their local implementation in Kursk Theological Seminary has not been considered in detail in historical writings. In the research process, the formation of the concept of the reforms 1808-1814 in Kursk Theological Semi-nary, the practice of their implementation and the significant consequences of their implementation were studied. The re-quirements of the charter 1814 are compared with its implemen-tation in the life of Kursk Theological Seminary. At the same time, the study shows that despite all the advantages of the reform of theological education in 1808-1814, they identified a number of new problems. The experience of carrying out the reforms under study at Kursk Theological Seminary had its own specifics. Their implementation contributed to the development of education in Kursk Region.
THE REFORMS OF THE RED ARMY AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOVIET MILITARY LAW IN THE 1920s-1930s.
Authors:   Lukyanov Orel Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, TSYBAKOVA O.V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the reform of the Armed forces of the USSR during the 1920s-1930s on the development of the military-legal branch of the Soviet state. Both historical and comparative methods are used to study the development of military legislation at the stages of the "new economic policy" and industrialization. The main directions of the transformation of the military organization are determined, which are interpreted as a source of transformation of the military law of the Soviet Union in the period between the two world wars. Attention is drawn to the predetermination of the legislative process by ideological and political principles and the general political discourse of the development of socio-political relations in the USSR in the conditions of intense intra-party struggle at the turn of the 1920s-1930s. The study is based of the texts of a number of normative acts, primarily the Laws on Compulsory Military Service of 1925, 1928 and 1930. As result, the author comes to the conclusion that there is a close relationship between the change in the doctrinal attitudes of the Soviet leadership and the adjustment of legal norms defining the order and conditions of military service in the Work-ers' and Peasants' Red Army. It is summarized that under the conditions of the monopoly on power of the Bolshevik Party, military law not only acted as an instrument for maintaining military discipline and combat readiness of the armed forces, but also performed broader functions, providing ideological control over the military organization of the state and being a regulator of social relations in Soviet society. The transformation of the mili-tary-legal branch is emphasized as the ruling elite abandons the radical course of initiating a world revolution and moves to build-ing a socialist statehood.