bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A KD-tree and random sample consensus-based 3D reconstruction model for 2D sports stadium images
Authors: Li Xiaoli
Published: December 2023

The application of 3D reconstruction technology in building images has been a novel research direction. In such scenes, the reconstruction with proper building details remains challenging. To deal with this issue, I propose a KD-tree and random sample consensus-based 3D reconstruction model for 2D building images. Specifically, the improved KD-tree algorithm with the random sampling consistency algorithm has a better matching rate for the two-dimensional image data extraction of the stadium scene. The number of discrete areas in the stadium scene increases with the increase in the number of images. The sparse 3D models can be transformed into dense 3D models to some extent using the screening method. In addition, we carry out some simulation experiments to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm in this paper in terms of stadium scenes. The results reflect that the error of the proposal is significantly lower than that of the comparison algorithms. Therefore, it is proven that the proposal can be well-suitable for 3D reconstruction in building images.
Leveraging MIS Technologies for Preserving India's Cultural Heritage on Digitization, Accessibility, and Sustainability
Authors: Sabarirajan A. , Reddi Latha Thamma , Rangineni Sandeep , Regin R. , Rajest S. Suman , Paramasivan P.
Published: December 2023

Written documents, inscriptions, and artefacts have been left behind by India's long and eventful past, providing a wealth of essential information about the country's cultural legacy. India's history spans many millennia, making it one of the world's oldest civilizations. However, given the fragile nature of these old materials and their widespread distribution across the world, preserving and gaining access to them can be a difficult and time-consuming endeavour. This study investigates the application of management information system (MIS) technologies with the goal of enhancing digital archiving and preservation techniques for India's immense cultural heritage in order to overcome the challenges described above. The research endeavours to provide solutions to problems that arise in relation to the maintenance and accessibility of historical documents and artefacts by centering its attention on digitalization, data management, and cloud storage.
A Perspective on Cross-Border Aspects of Insolvency and Implications for Resolution Plans and Recovery
Authors: Shenbagavalli T. , Ravichandran R. , Rakesh V. , Sathyanarayana N.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of data in India's socio-economic development has been defined in several policy documents in the digital economy. Using Indian law to regulate a contract creates major concerns, which can sometimes compromise it as a negotiating chip in cross-border agreements. As previously stated, Indian courts can revoke foreign arbitral verdicts if they determine that the arbitrators misapplied Indian law. As a result, a party to a contract governed by Indian law risked falling victim to the “public policy” fallacy. This will reduce the interest of foreign investors and create more cross-border issues. Many countries have modified the UNCITRAL model law to avoid such situations according to their requirement. Even the Indian government recently introduced MAP effective from May 6; the same model law was modified to give faster resolution in cross-border disputes under sections 64 and 65 of the Insolvency, Restructuring, and Dissolution Act 2018.
Meet Industry Needs in the Big Data Era
Authors: Yu Liguo , Li Yingmei
Published: December 2023

The potential wide applications of big data analytics have created a high demand for data analysts in various industries, including business, healthcare, bioinformatics, politics, and management. As a result, higher education institutions are capitalizing on this opportunity by offering different data science programs to attract students and cater to industry needs. Over the past decade, there has been a rapid emergence of data science programs both nationally and globally. This chapter will begin by reviewing the impact of big data analytics on different industries. It will then proceed to describe various data science programs, including their curriculum design, course offerings, and target industry sectors for employment. Additionally, the chapter will address the weaknesses of some curricula and propose new teaching areas that are relevant to improve the learning outcomes of students. The aim of the suggestions is to better prepare data science students for the ever-evolving demands of big data analytics in the industry.
Empirical Study on the Impact of Select Green HRM Dimensions on Green Innovation Culture
Authors: Boominathan Vasuki , Selvi J. Tamil , Dhilipan C. , Arasu M. Tamil , Elamurugan B. , Velmurugan Palanivel Rathinasabapathi
Published: December 2023

In a timeframe marked by intensifying ecological crises, the function of human resource management (HRM) in nurturing an environment-centric innovation ethos is significantly under-researched. This empirical inquiry aims to address this lacuna by investigating the nexus between chosen elements of green human resource management (GHRM) and the culture of green innovation in India's prominent cement manufacturing firms. Adopting a correlational research approach and making use of statistical methodologies like partial least squares (PLS), the study reveals a noteworthy positive linkage between green recruitment and selection (GRS), green training and development (GTD), and green performance appraisal (GPA) with green innovation culture (GIC). These insights add valuable dimensions to both the theoretical understanding and practical applications of HRM and sustainability, more so within the Indian cement industry.
An Empirical Analysis on Issues Faced by the Users of Nykaa Product
Authors: Vidhya K. , Selvam V. , Kandan Mani , Ashwini S. , Soumya M. , Jayaraj Shimna
Published: December 2023

These days people use computers more frequently. Because of rapid growth, many enterprises have started doing online business. The primary data for the study was collected through a questionnaire, which was distributed to the respondents via Google Forms. Secondary data is used to collect all published data through journals, magazines, and articles. The current study aims to identify the variables influencing ladies' beauty products. The study is also intended to identify the issues faced by the users of Nykaa products while purchasing them through online media and to find solutions to solve the issues and thus make online purchases easier and more convenient for the ladies.
The Learning Experience and the Behavioural Profile
Authors: Mengalli Neli Maria , Carvalho Antonio Aparecido
Published: December 2023

When artificial intelligence is in evidence and promotes economic, social, and cultural impacts, human skills must be enhanced and praised in relation to artificial intelligence. This chapter was written based on qualitative methodology and exploratory studies by reading current reports and articles at the time of writing. The objective was to highlight a reflection on the learning experience about four behavioral profiles. The potential of artificial intelligence was highlighted, as well as upskilling and reskilling for the professions of the future. It was concluded that understanding the world should be contained in learning experiences and different behavioral profiles have dissimilar ways of thinking and acting. The lack of knowledge regarding the operationalization of artificial intelligence can weaken human options in digital and physical transformation.
Stepping Stones for Self-Learning
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: December 2023

One of the themes in the emergence of text- and image-making (multimodal) generative AIs is their value in the learning space, with the vast potential just beginning to be explored by mass humanity. This chapter explores the potential and early use of large language models (LLMs) harnessed for their mass learning, human-friendly conversations, and their efficacies, for self-learning for individuals and groups, based on a review of the literature, system constraints and affordances, and abductive logic. There are insights shared about longitudinal and lifelong learning and foci on co-evolving processes between the human learner and the computing machines and large language models.
The Robot Wrote My College Papers
Authors: Shen Ivy
Published: December 2023

As chatbot technology has advanced significantly over the past few years, it has become more and more prevalent in higher education. Chatbots can simulate human communication and engage in natural conversations. Universities and colleges use chatbots to streamline enrollment and create a virtual “one-stop-shop” for queries. In the meantime, students discovered with excitement that chatbots can help them complete homework assignments. Academic integrity has become a growing concern with students' increasing reliance on chatbots. This chapter summarizes the history of chatbots, discusses the current state of the technology, examines their limitations, and investigates how chatbots can be applied as useful administrative, academic, and pedagogical tools in higher education.
Engaging Future-Minded Visualizations and Artful Aesthetics
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: December 2023

Artmaking generative AIs have been used to create visual works (still images, motion videos, and animated sequences, including simulations) that are photorealistic, high-fidelity, hyper-realistic, and emulative of the world; artful works are translated in style transfers derivative of known artist, artworks, art styles, schools of art practices, and defined visual styles. This work argues that artmaking generative AIs should not be about reproductions of the familiar but should be used for future-minded visualizations and future-minded aesthetics, through true collaborations between human and machine imaginations. Through generative AI, people should be “seeing different” to enable nouveau “thinking” and “doing” and “being” different… into the near- and far- futures. This early and exploratory work is based on research, year-long experimentation with multiple public artmaking generative AI tools, and abductive logic.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) Into the Curriculum
Authors: Jowallah Rohan James
Published: December 2023

“Bridging the Gap: Integrating Artificial Intelligence into the Curriculum,” addresses the urgent need to infuse AI education into school curriculums amidst AI's growing influence in various sectors. It advocates for a shift from reactive to proactive educational strategies, emphasizing the role of education systems in mitigating the expanding skills gap and nurturing a generation adept in AI, machine learning, and data analytics. The chapter proposes a comprehensive AI curriculum integration framework, focusing on developing key AI competencies and ethical considerations, alongside strategies for effective implementation.
Distributed Leadership in Educational Training
Authors: Mercado Mario Muñoz
Published: December 2023

Distributed leadership is a key factor in school improvement, and all members of the educational organization are committed and involved in the fulfillment of institutional objectives. In addition, its main objective is to raise the quality of education and to improve the results which are evaluated in school performance. Therefore, it has allowed several studies and deep analysis of the educational processes developing effective, dynamic, and innovative schools. In this sense, the key factor for educational improvement is through distributed leadership adjusted to the needs of the school organization. Therefore, this leadership style allows mutual collaboration and management development with organizational knowledge that facilitates the creation of high-performance knowledge teams and cooperation of educational institutions.
Open Educational Resources in Supporting Online Education During COVID-19
Authors: Khan Nadim Akhtar
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the most significant global crisis that brought humanity to a halt. The world is currently facing many issues evolving through these situations, ranging from health issues, economic breakdown, unemployment due to job losses, and, more severely, the challenges faced in educational setups. The closure of educational institutions and the subsequent shift of classrooms to online teaching led to further crises. The prominent challenges include increased workload, inadequate training, and less familiarity with the availability of ready-to-use online educational resources. Many world organizations and policymakers in the field of education and open learning have unanimously supported the use of open educational resources (OER) in online teaching and learning during the present times. The current study highlights the importance of OER in online learning by reviewing important initiatives, reports, and collaborative arrangements by prominent organizations for promoting the use of OER in online learning as a significant response to COVID-19.
Supply Chain 6.0 and Moving Towards Hyper-Intelligent Processes
Authors: Nozari Hamed
Published: December 2023

Today's world is full of technology. Humans and therefore businesses without the presence of technology are doomed to fail. In order to analyze people and organizations, it is no longer possible to rely only on the information that flows through language. In today's world, decision-making should be based on behavior and performance data. So, technologies will consider all aspects of life and the behavior of people, organizations, and all related processes and will monitor them step by step so that the results are as accurate as possible. In recent years, the concepts of Industry 4.0, which included the emergence of transformative technologies, and Industry 5.0, which emphasized sustainability, resilience, and human-centeredness, have grown. But the next generation of industry, the 6.0 industrial generation, is also on the way. It means the mixing of all processes, people, and things in technology and decision-making based on intelligent mode. Therefore, in this research, a concept called Supply Chain 6.0 has been described including its dimensions and components.
A cultura material escolar nas instituições públicas de ensino primário do Maranhão (1843-1870)
Authors: Castellanos Samuel Luis Velazquez , Farias Cláudio Magno Pereira
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo, analisa-se a cultura material nos estabelecimentos de ensino primário maranhenses (1843-1870), as respectivas condições e as ações dos agentes da instrução pública. Verifica-se a relação de mão dupla entre instrumentos e objetos utilizados, livros escolares e o mobiliário disponível, com a configuração de ditos estabelecimentos segundo as práticas pedagógicas. Sustenta-se a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da história cultural, examinando-se os discursos (via representações) sobre os posicionamentos políticos/ideológicos e as práticas escolares diferenciadas. Conclui-se que, mesmo com limitações orçamentárias e intermitências da gestão, iniciativas foram desenvolvidas visando-se ao desenvolvimento da instrução no Maranhão Império.
Effects of C Doping on the Structure and Functional Characteristics of Fe-Mn Alloys after Equal Channel Angular Pressing
Authors: Rybalchenko Olga V. , Martynenko Natalia , Rybalchenko Georgy , Tabachkova Natalia , Shchetinin Igor , Prosvirnin Dmitriy , Lukyanova Elena , Koltygin Andrey , Raab Arseniy , Dobatkin Sergey V.
Published: December 2023

A comparative study of the structure and properties of two biodegradable Fe – 27Mn and Fe – 27Mn – C alloys for biomedical use after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) has been carried out. It is noted that addition of carbon in the alloy leads to a change in the mechanism of plastic deformation from the formation of martensite to deformation twinning in austenite. ECAP improves the strength characteristics of the alloys under study and the corrosion rate by refining the structure and increasing the dislocation density. The presence of a partially twinned structure in the Fe – 27Mn – C alloy results in a lower corrosion rate despite a stronger refinement of the alloy structure after ECAP.
Ion Trajectory Control in Processing Plasmas for Nano-Fabrication
Authors: Otomo Hiroshi , Nagao Iori , Kamataki Kunihiro , Shiratani Masaharu
Published: December 2023

To realize ion trajectory control in processing plasmas for nano-fabrication, we applied amplitude modulation (AM) discharges to control of ion trajectory in high aspect trenches. We investigated behavior of incident ions in AR25 (aspect ratio = 25) trench structure in AM discharges using data of Ar+ ion with ion energy and ion angular distribution functions (IEDF and IADF) on the substrate obtained by the PIC-MCC model. AM discharges have higher ion flux onto the trench sidewalls than the continuous waveform (CW) discharges, whereas AM discharges have almost the same ion energy as CW ones. SRIM simulation results suggest that AM discharges can desorb more hydrogen atoms from TEOS-PECVD SiO2 films on the trench sidewall than CW ones, which explains the previous results of improved SiO2 film quality on trench sidewall by AM discharges.
Effect of Sb Addition on Microstructure and Shear Strength of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu Solder Ball Joints
Authors: Oyama Marina , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Shohji Ikuo , Mohd Salleh Mohd Arif Anuar
Published: December 2023

The effect of a small amount of Sb addition to Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (mass%) solder on microstructures and impact properties of the solder ball joint was investigated. Cross-sectional microstructural observation revealed that scalloped Cu6Sn5 is formed at the solder/Cu interface, and Cu3Sn is formed at the interface between Cu6Sn5 and Cu with aging. It was confirmed that the growth of the reaction layer is suppressed by the addition of Sb. Moreover, the result of the impact ball shear test showed that the decrease in impact properties with aging can be suppressed in Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-1.5Sb (mass%). It was also suggested that the suppression of linear crack propagation at the Cu3Sn/Cu6Sn5 interface is effective to prevent the reduction of absorbed energy.
Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation of a Fe-Mn-C Based Steel for Biomedical Applications: Effect of Gases and Treatment Times on the Surface Properties
Authors: Marin de Andrade Leticia , Chevallier Pascale , Paternoster Carlo , Copes Francesco , Mantovani Diego
Published: December 2023

Current research on biodegradable iron-based alloys mainly focuses at regulating the material degradation rate, as well as its biological behavior, especially from the point of view of the hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility. In fact, fine-tuning of the surface roughness, morphology and chemical composition can improve the functional response of the material. For that purpose, a surface modification strategy, namely plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII), is proposed to perform the selective modification of surface properties without affecting the bulk ones. In this work, the influence of treatment time (timp = 15, 60 and 120 min.) and implanted species (O, N or C) on the surface properties of a Fe-13Mn-1.2C resorbable alloy was investigated. The findings demonstrated that varying the process gas and the exposition time led to a variety of topographies, surface energies and chemical compositions. XPS analyses and depth profiles clearly showed the impact of the process parameters on the surface features and element distribution, due to implanted species penetration into the alloy. The implanted samples showed a delayed clotting time, thus a better hemocompatibility. In contrast, nitrogen-treated surfaces displayed a more pronounced hemolytic behavior, whereas oxygen and methane did not. PIII implantation appears to be a versatile solution for fine-tuning surface topography, composition and biological properties, making the process promising for the improvement of metallic biodegradable vascular implants.
Effect of Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nitinol Prototype Stents Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Abrami Maria Beatrice , Tocci Marialaura , Tamilselvam Karthikeyan , Brabazon Dermot , Pola Annalisa
Published: December 2023

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is turning out to be very promising for biomedical components production and stents are among the devices that would be suitable for tailor-made production. One of the most common stent types are the self-expandable, manufactured with Nitinol (NiTi). The use of NiTi alloy with L-PBF needs to be well controlled, as Ni evaporation during the process leads to significant variations in the final component properties. In the present work, prototype NiTi stents were produced via L-PBF and heat treated to examine the possibility of employing this technology for their application, also considering the Ni evaporation resulting from the layer-by-layer deposition. Samples were characterized through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microstructural observations, and compression tests in plate-to-plate configuration according to the standard. In parallel, a commercially available stent manufactured with traditional technology was tested for comparison.
Investigation of Effects of Electroplating Conditions on TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofiber Composited Nickel Electroplated Films
Authors: Iioka Makoto , Kawanabe Wataru , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Shohji Ikuo
Published: December 2023

The effects of plating conditions on nickel (Ni) electroplated films composited with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized CNFs (CNFs) were investigated. Plating experiments were performed by varying the amount of CNFs added to the Watt's bath, the current density, and the stirring speed. The plated film obtained at 3 g/L, 2.5 A/cm2, and 300 rpm of them respectively, reached an average 483 HV of the surface hardness, which was the highest in this study. The surface hardness of the conventional Ni film without CNFs plated under the same conditions was an average of 239 HV, and the hardness improvement effect was more than twice as high. The hardness improvement effect due to dispersion enhancement tended to increase as more CNFs were more finely and densely composited into the Ni film, although different trends were observed when the current density was varied.
Ten-Year Recycling of Vanadium Alloy in Fusion Reactors
Authors: Nagasaka Takuya , Tanaka Teruya , Kobayashi Makoto , Fukumoto Ken Ichi , Toyama Takeshi , Sugawara Takamasa , Kasada Ryuta , Yamauchi Yuji , Katayama Kazunari , Oya Makoto , Yabuuchi Kiyohiro , Sakurai Seiji , Nomura Kazuhiro , Yoshinaga Hideo
Published: December 2023

Low-activation characteristics and dominant radioactive isotopes limiting materials recycling were analyzed for a fusion-reactor-grade vanadium alloy, NIFS-HEAT-2. In order to reduce contact dose rate after use in fusion reactors, purification of the base metal vanadium was examined by chemical aqueous separation, electron-beam vacuum melting and zone refining, focusing on the removal of the dominant high-activation impurities, such as Co, Cu, Fe, Nb, Ni and Mo. Based on the measured impurity levels, remote recycling of vanadium alloy is possible within ten years after use in fusion reactors under operation condition with 100 dpa irradiation. Early quasi-hands-on recycling requires further purification and re-design of alloy composition especially with low Ti and high Cr content. The present paper discusses status of material R&Ds for the ten-year recycling and impact on operation of fusion reactors.
Investigation of Deposition Conditions and Basic Properties of CNF Composite Ni Plated Film by Electroless Plating Method
Authors: Kawanabe Wataru , Iioka Makoto , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Shohji Ikuo
Published: December 2023

Ni-cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composite plated films were fabricated by electroless plating method. The deposition conditions and basic properties of the Ni-CNF composite film were investigated. A C1100 plate was used as the plated material, and a Ni-P electroless plating bath was prepared as the plating solution. 5 g/L of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized CNF or carboxymethyl cellulose was added to the plating solution. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was added as a surfactant. It was confirmed that CNFs were complexed on the surface of the plated film, and the addition of SDS made CNFs disperse into the plated film. The surface of the plated film obtained by adding both TEMPO oxidized CNF and SDS had the highest Vickers hardness among all conditions investigated.
Recent Research on SiC/SiC Composites for PWR
Authors: Kong Shu Yan , Zhang Hua Feng , Liu Hao Cheng , Tu Rui , Feng Zong Yue , Chen Bo
Published: December 2023

Silicon carbide (SiC) continuous fiber reinforced SiC matrix composites (SiC/SiC) are considered as promising candidates for pressurized water reactor (PWR) due to their small neutron capture cross-section, excellent high temperature strength and irradiation resistance, etc. SPICRI have been working on the R&D of SiC/SiC composites cladding tubes for the last decade. This report will show the recent research in material development, properties and irradiation response of SiC/SiC composites. Several critical issues to be solved for PWR fuel cladding applications, such as mechanical properties, hermeticity, thermal properties and irradiation resistance are discussed here.
On the Application of some Plasticity Laws
Authors: Hennocque Louis , Favre Julien , Meyer Nicolas , Sourisseau Thomas , Maurice Claire , Piot David , Latu-Romain Laurence , Kermouche Guillaume
Published: December 2023

Three main rheological laws are found in the literature to describe the strain hardening of materials at high temperatures. The choice of the most suited law to describe a flow stress curve is often discussed as a function of the nature of the material; but it still remains difficult to choose the most appropriate one. These semi-empirical laws systematically comprise two main terms linked either to the dislocations generation or their annihilation.The objective of this paper is to determine by an inverse method which law appears to be the most suited. It is finally demonstrated that the application of one law is mostly equivalent to another. The various laws are overall equivalent and do not help to describe some peculiar physical mechanism of plasticity.
New Powder Metallurgy Titanium Alloys with Built-In Antibacterial Capability
Authors: Manogar Balakrishnan , Peters Linda , Yang Fei , Bolzoni Leandro
Published: December 2023

Amongst biomedical metallic materials, titanium alloys are normally used as structural permanent implants due to their favourable combination of mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, commonly implanted titanium alloys are expensive and, unless purposely surface treated, generally cannot prevent surgical infections related to bacteria. Specifically, bacterial infection in biomedical protheses leads to inflammation, obstruction of the healing process, prevention of osteogenesis and, eventually, premature failure of the implant. This work therefore analysis the development of new ternary Ti-based alloys with built-in antibacterial capability as pathogenic bacterial infection occurring during surgery is a raising issue of metallic biomedical implants. The new Ti-based alloys were designed to be manufactured via powder metallurgy, which permits to successfully produce chemically homogeneous materials, key for a uniform antibacterial response, at lower cost. It is found that, primarily due to the stabilisation of the beta phase, the amount of the selected β stabilising alloying elements directly increases the mechanical performance and the antibacterial capability. Consequently, new ternary Ti-based alloys are promising candidates for structural prosthesis functionalised with antibacterial capability.
The effect of Vigna unguiculata on the estrogen receptor-α expression and the endometrial thickness in rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)
Authors: Fitrianingtyas Rizki , Christiana Indah , Handayani Ririn , Anggraeni Ernawati , Mauludiyah Zaida , Hidayati Sholihatil
Published: December 2023

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a contraceptive method that prevents ovulation and reduces endometrial thickness. This study aimed to investigate the influence of Vigna unguiculata (VU) on estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness in rats subjected to DMPA treatment. The research utilized a true experimental design involving 25 female Wistar rats divided into 5 experimental groups. The DMPA+VU experiment lasted for 4 weeks, and data were analyzed using a Complete Randomized Design. Estrogen receptor-α expression in the endometrium was assessed through immunohistochemical techniques, and endometrial thickness was determined via Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, observed under dot slide microscopes (Olympus XC10) at 400× magnification. The study found that estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness were significantly higher in both the DMPA+VU2 and DMPA+VU3 groups compared to the DMPA group and the DMPA+VU1 group (p<0.05). DMPA treatment reduced estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness. However, the administration of Vigna unguiculata extracts at 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg led to an increase in estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness. The study implies that VU extract may have a positive impact on estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness in rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate.
Skin Flap's Viability Improvement after Erythropoietin Injection on Extended Random Skin Flap Model in Wistar Rats
Authors: Dhiparedja Rionaldo , Saputro Iswinarno Doso , Hutagalung Magda Rosalina , Beeharry Maneesh Kumarsing
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Wound defect closure using flaps has advanced in many areas, as have the methods to increase its viability. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein produced by the kidney for erythrocyte production. EPO has the ability to stabilize vascular integrity, increase endothelium cells, protect cells from ischemia and apoptosis, stimulate angiogenesis, and reduce inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate flap viability for an extended random skin flap.

Methods:

In a randomized posttest only control group design experiment, thirty male Wistar strain rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into groups of ten rats with flap model of 2 cm × 8 cm were injected with EPO in the middle of the flap. Group 1 was injected with EPO 50 IU, Group 2 with EPO 100 IU, and Group 3 is the control group with no injection. Flaps were evaluated on the 7th day to check the necrotic area using imitoMeasure®. Specimens were taken in the middle of the flap to evaluate the capillary vessels, and histopathology examinations were performed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Capillary vessels and necrotic area data were analyzed using ANOVA.

Results:

The amount of capillary vessels in the random skin flap showed significant differences between 50 IU Group, 100 IU Group, and control group (P = 0.000). The Necrotic area measured in the random skin flap also showed significant differences between 50 IU group and control group (P = 0.020), whereas, 100 IU group compared to the control group showed no significant difference (P = 0.680).

Conclusion:

EPO 50 IU injection showed significant differences compared to control and EPO 100 IU injection for maintaining flap viability. EPO could be a modality to enhance flap viability.
Validity of the Electronic Whisper Sound Test as a Screening Method in School-aged Children
Authors: Zakina Irma , Purnami Nyilo , Moon In Seok
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The whisper test is one of the several simple methods to detect hearing loss in children and adults. The electronic whisper sound test is a new tool for detecting hearing loss early, and research has yet to be conducted in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the validity of the electronic whisper sound test as a screening method in school-aged children at the Outpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital.

Methods:

This type of study used a retrospective research design by conducting an electronic whisper test as a hearing screening in school-aged children between the age group of 6 and 18 years who visited the Audiology Outpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital for 6 months from October 2021 to March 2022.

Results:

Based on the patient visit data, 32 patients were randomly selected from the population who met the inclusion criteria. The critical electronic whisper sound test results were compared with the pure-tone audiometry as a gold standard hearing screening, with a sensitivity value of 92%, specificity of 78.8%, positive predictive value of 53.3%, and negative predictive value of 88.3%.

Conclusion:

Hearing screening is critical, especially for school-aged children, because it determines language and speech development. A simple procedure can be done through a whisper test, which in its development can be an electronic whisper test. Besides being easy and efficient, this tool does not require special skills.
A rare case of syphilitic Charcot joint involving left elbow
Authors: Singh Gautam Kumar , Mishra Anil , Beniwal Nagendra S , Sinha Anwita , Madan Gurdarsh Singh
Published: December 2023

Charcot arthropathy is characterized by joint dislocations, pathologic fractures, and debilitating deformities. Syphilis was believed to be the most common cause of Charcot arthropathy a century back, but now, it is one of the rare causes which get missed in the routine evaluation. We present a rare case of syphilitic Charcot joint in a middle aged, paraplegic, wheel-chaired bound male, who presented with a history of recurrent painless joint swelling. He underwent multiple surgeries on the left elbow to deal with his soft tissues and bony infections along with multiple courses of systemic high end antibiotics including anti-tubercular drugs without much benefit. He was even planned for midarm amputation. Timely opinion of dermatologist and correct interpretation of serological tests clinched the diagnosis. This case highlights a high index of suspicion and correct interpretation of serological test of syphilis is essential to diagnose tertiary syphilis. Timely management with injection benzathine penicllin resulted in life time gratifying outcome.
Lower genital tract infections between 18 and 24 weeks of pregnancy and its association with adverse pregnancy outcome
Authors: Nagdev Neethi , Shah Maitri Chetan , Dodiya Diptika
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Lower genital tract infection (LGTI) is common among apparently healthy-looking pregnant women, and its overall prevalence is 40%–54%. LGTI is strongly associated with major adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD), premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and neonatal morbidities.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective cohort study was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat with the objective of finding out the presence of LGTI in the second trimester and looking for its association with various adverse pregnancy outcomes. Two hundred and fifty pregnant women were screened for the presence of vaginal discharge. Various microbiological examinations were done. Diagnosis of specific LGTI was made based on the predecided criteria. Patients were followed up till delivery and maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Data were compared to find out a possible association between LGTI and various adverse pregnancy outcomes such as SPTD, PROM, and neonatal deaths.

Results:

Out of 194 LGTI cases diagnosed, 54% were having bacterial vaginosis (BV), while 3% were diagnosed having trichomonas. While observing an association of LGTIs and adverse pregnancy outcomes, a maximum number of PROM were observed in the BV and beta Streptococcus infections group. Neonatal admissions were required in 60% of cases. Intrauterine fetal deaths and neonatal deaths were observed in only laboratory-positive cases mainly associated with beta Streptococcus infection and trichomonas.

Conclusion:

In this study, the most common LGTI prevalent in pregnant women was BV and the least common was trichomoniasis. There was a significant positive association present between LGTIs and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as SPTD and PROM.
Sexually transmitted infections in pregnant women and their partners
Authors: Gund Gayatri , Nayak Chitra
Published: December 2023

Background:

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) during pregnancy are associated with adverse fetal outcome. They should be aggressively sought and treated. We did an analytical study with the primary aim to know the occurrence of STIs in pregnant women and their spouses.

Materials and Methods:

An observational cross-sectional analytical study of pregnant women with STIs and their spouses was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Demographic parameters and medical history were recorded. Clinical examination and necessary investigations were done in pregnant females and their spouses. History about sexual behavior and knowledge of STIs were obtained from the questionnaire.

Results:

The prevalence of STIs in pregnant women was 2.1% (n = 61) out of 2894 pregnant women who attended our institute during the study period with the highest prevalence of HIV (1.1%), and out of 54 examined spouses, 32 spouses were suffering from STIs. Overall, women had poor awareness, knowledge of STIs, and preventive measures compared to men. A significant association was seen between level of education and awareness about HIV/AIDS and other STIs, both in pregnant women and their spouses.

Conclusion:

Our study showed an overall low prevalence of STIs among pregnant women but showed higher HIV and syphilis prevalence as compared to national prevalence. The serodiscordancy rate was found to be high in HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B.
Historical Progress of Stereotactic Radiation Surgery
Authors: Khaledi Navid , Khan Rao , Gräfe James L.
Published: December 2023

Radiosurgery and stereotactic radiotherapy have established themselves as precise and accurate areas of radiation oncology for the treatment of brain and extracranial lesions. Along with the evolution of other methods of radiotherapy, this type of treatment has been associated with significant advances in terms of a variety of modalities and techniques to improve the accuracy and efficacy of treatment. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) over several decades, and includes a review of various articles and research papers, commencing with the emergence of stereotactic techniques in radiotherapy. Key clinical aspects of SRS, such as fixation methods, radiobiology considerations, quality assurance practices, and treatment planning strategies, are presented. In addition, the review highlights the technological advancements in treatment modalities, encompassing the transition from cobalt-based systems to linear accelerator-based modalities. By addressing these topics, this study aims to offer insights into the advancements that have shaped the field of SRS, that have ultimately enhanced the accuracy and effectiveness of treatment.
Dosimetric Impact of Air Pockets in the Vaginal Cuff Brachytherapy Using Model-based Dose Calculation Algorithm
Authors: Puriparthi Lakshmi Venkataramana , Talluri Anil Kumar , Akkineni Naga Prasanthi , Bajwa Harjot Kaur , Tumu Venkatappa Rao , Sresty N. V. N. Madhusudhana , Alluri Krishnam Raju
Published: December 2023

Background:

Endometrial cancer is the most common disease of the female reproductive system. Vaginal cuff brachytherapy (VCB) has intrinsic advantages compared to external beam therapy when treated with radiation. A single-channel cylinder is a standard applicator in VCB. The present study aims to estimate a change in the dose to vaginal mucosa due to air pockets between the cylinder and vaginal mucosa by calculating with the Acuros BV algorithm and comparing it to the Task Group 43 (TG-43) algorithm.

Materials and Methods:

Patients who presented with air packets were included retrospectively. For each patient, three plans were created: the first plan used TG-43, the second plan used dose recalculation with Acuros BV, and the third plan was generated by re-optimization by Acuros BV. On the same axial computed tomography image, the point doses at the cylinder’s surface and the displaced mucosa were recorded and the ratios were then estimated.

Results:

The average volume of air pockets was 0.08 cc (range of 0.01–0.3 cc), and 84% of air pockets displaced the vaginal mucosa by ≥0.2 cm. The average ratios of dose were 0.77 ± 0.09 (1 standard deviation [SD]) and 0.78 ± 0.09 (1 SD) for TG-43 and Acuros BV algorithms, respectively. Due to the air pocket, mucosa received a reduced dose by an average of 22.72% and an average of 23.29% for TG-43 and Acuros BV, respectively. The maximum displacement of mucosa and the ratio of doses were negatively correlated for both. In the Optimized Acuros BV plan, total dwell time increased by 1.8% but no considerable change in the dose ratios.

Conclusion:

The calculated dose of mucous membrane forced out of the cylinder surface by air pockets by the Acuros BV algorithm was nonsignificantly different from TG-43. Therefore, even in the presence of air pockets, the TG-43 algorithm for calculating the VCB dose is appropriate.
Development, Construction, and Evaluation of an Alternative Dosimetry Phantom for Computed Tomography
Authors: Lubis Lukmanda Evan , Najmah Windi Dliya , Muliyanti Yuni , Hariyati Ika , Ryangga Dea , Mart Terry , Bosmans Hilde , Soejoko Djarwani Soeharso
Published: December 2023

This article aims to present the development, construction, and evaluation of an alternative computed tomography dose index (CTDI) phantom. Epoxy resin was mixed with an iodine-based contrast agent to produce radiological characteristics resembling polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a standard CTDI phantom. As a preliminary study, testing was carried out using computed tomography images (80 and 120 kVp) on 12 variations of epoxy-iodine resin mixtures to obtain relative electron density (ρe
) values and effective atomic numbers (Zeff
) of the samples. The alternative CTDI phantoms were then constructed with a resin-iodine mixture using iodine concentrations that yield on closest ρe
and Zeff
values to those of PMMA. The evaluation was carried out by comparing dose measurement results at various energies between the alternative phantom and the International Electrotechnical Commission-standard CTDI phantom. At a concentration of 0.46%, the epoxy resin has ρe
and Zeff
with a deviation against PMMA of 0.12% and 1.58%, respectively, so that composition was chosen for the alternative CTDI phantom construction. The average dose discrepancy values were 5% and 1%, respectively, for the head and body phantoms in the tested tube voltages of 80 kVp, 100 kVp, 120 kVp, and 135 kVp. The Student’s t-test result between the alternative and the standard phantoms also showed P < 0.05, indicating the comparability of the alternative CTDI phantom with the standard CTDI phantom.
Recent Trends and Advancements in Inventory Management
Authors: Dubey Ankit , Kumar R
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we categorise and critically evaluate the current modelling and analysis approaches and procedures created by researchers and scientists in inventory management systems across different sectors such as healthcare, supply chain, and routing problems. Furthermore, we discuss recent trends and advancements in inventory management systems that deal with shortage. Based on our literature review, we propose a comprehensive research structure that is appropriate in the current environment and helpful in future study directions.
Cyclic subgroup transitivity for Abelian groups
Authors: Goldsmith Brendan , Gong Ketao , Strüngmann Lutz
Published: December 2023

In previous work, the first two authors studied the notion of transitivity with respect to cyclic subgroups for separable Abelian

p

-groups and modules over the ring of

p

-adic integers. Here we consider briefly how the notion can be used in the context of torsion-free Abelian groups and also look at the situation for non-separable

p

-groups and direct sums of infinite-rank homocyclic

p

-groups.
Association between cardiac arrhythmia before pregnancy and gestational diabetes: a nationwide population-based study in Korea
Authors: Choi You-Jung , Wi Won Young , Cho Geum Joon , Na Jin Oh
Published: December 2023

Given the higher prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias in individuals with diabetes, we investigated the relationship between cardiac arrhythmias and the incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM). This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Korean Health Insurance Service database, encompassing 1,113,729 women who gave birth between January 2007 and December 2015. After excluding those who did not undergo National Health Screening tests within 1 year prior to pregnancy, those with multifetal pregnancies, and those diagnosed with diabetes, we analyzed 365,880 singleton pregnancies without a history of diabetes. Of these, 3,253 (0.9%) had cardiac arrhythmias, including premature extra beats, supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, and/or atrial flutter/fibrillation. GDM occurred in 31,938 (8.7%) subjects during pregnancy, and was more prevalent in women with cardiac arrhythmia than in those without (14.9 vs. 8.7%, p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the association between cardiac arrhythmia and GDM remained statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.61 to 1.97; p<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the risk of GDM was consistently statistically significant in subjects with cardiac arrhythmia, regardless of age, body mass index, and the presence or absence of chronic hypertension. Therefore, cardiac arrhythmias before and during pregnancy appear to be associated with an increased risk of developing GDM.
Effect of Two-Step Austempering Process on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon Equivalent Austempered Ductile Iron
Authors: Maddi Lakshmiprasad , Dakre Vinayak , Likhite Ajay , Pathak Shailkumar
Published: December 2023

Low-carbon equivalent austempered ductile iron (LCE-ADI) exhibits high modulus of elasticity than conventional austempered ductile iron (ADI) due to less graphite content. Austempering parameters of temperature and time significantly influence the mechanical properties of LCE-ADI. In the present work, response of the material to two-step austempering in the range of 350–450°C was studied, and a comparison was made to single-step austempering. Reduction in ferrite cell size, increase in % carbon in carbon-stabilized austenite (CSA) and increase in volume fraction of CSA led to increase in tensile strength (10%) and hardness (20%), in addition to improved toughness (10%).