bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobbing as a professional risk factor (on the example of INRTU)
Authors: Bulasheva A. A.
Published: May 2022

Currently, in labor protection, significant attention is paid to various aspects of the psychological climate in production, namely industrial stress, physical and psychological cruelty, balance between work and private life, psychological and organizational factors affecting the labor productivity. Under stress conditions, humans have disturbed sleep, poorly coordinated movements, they are unable to make decisions, and the efficiency of their labor activity decreases. The study aims to identify the level of mobbing on the example of Irkutsk National Research Technical University staff and develop recommendations for reducing the level of mobbing on the university staff. There are two types of mobbing: vertical (bossing), when psychological terror comes from the leadership and horizontal - when it comes from colleagues. The study was conducted using the methods of questioning, analysis and comparison. The results of the mobbing survey in the staff environment, diagnostics of the mental and motivational states of teachers, as well as methods for assessing the psychological atmosphere are presented. It was established that in some departments elements of mobbing are manifested. Staff aged 36-45 mainly react to the mobbing. Practical recommendations for preventing mobbing were suggested. They include the need to inform the staff of long-term university development goals, the availability of job descriptions, the possibility of career development and an even distribution of responsibilities and teaching load.
Simulations of Communicative in Screen Culture
Authors: Grigoryev S. L.
Published: May 2022

The article raises the problem of transformation of the nature of the communicative in the context of virtualization and digitalization of all spheres of culture. The study is constructed in the form of a commented dialogue with the authors of “Violence and Social Orders. Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History” by D. North, D. Wallis, and B. Weingast1. The review represents the comparison of the types of communication in traditional society, open society and on-screen culture (in a situation of virtual expansion. Contradiction (speech against speech) is considered as a transitional stage from struggle and conflict to screen simulation of communication. The author considers virtualization of the communicative from a critical point of view and therefore draws conclusions regarding personal degradation of a modern communicant – an aborigine of the digital jungle. Such an experience excludes the possibility of a harmonizing dialogue as a process of reconciling contradictions for one simple reason. If speech property turns out to belong exclusively to the individual, then the total impersonality proclaimed by D. North, D. Wallis, and B. Weingast can only be supported by violence implemented through commands. Thus, communicative interaction inevitably degenerates into a communicative impact, which is initially built on the inequality of partners.
Essential Features of Media Discourse in Egypt
Authors: Vodyanov I. N.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the latest trends in the development of media discourse in the Arab Republic of Egypt (ARE). The history of the formation of the Egyptian media is considered with an emphasis on changes in state media policy after the revolutionary events of 2011 and 2013. The main provisions of the legislation regulating the mass media and its impact on the press are analyzed. The author provides statistical data and expert judgments characterizing the effectiveness of Egyptian mass media, and leads the independent NGOs assessments of the observance of the principle of freedom of speech in this Middle Eastern country. The main reasons for the popularity of foreign alternative sources of information are listed.
The Interaction of the Authority Bodies with Target Groups: the transformation of communication technologies in the era of digitalization (regional aspect)
Authors: Ezhova E. N. , Zamozhnykh E. A. , Pobedinskaya E. A.
Published: May 2022

The research is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of the technologies of authority bodies’ interaction with different target groups under the conditions of digitalization and mediatization of all life spheres of the society. In modern conditions the complex problem of optimizing authority’s interaction with the population is very acute. Scientists are laying emphasis on to the issues connected with the technologies of public opinion control as well as with the peculiarities of authority bodies’ communication with the population in the sphere of public services and providing feedback, and with anti-crisis communications in the sphere of authority bodies’ activities and others. Digitalization emphasizes the need for the transformation of communication technologies. In this situation the study of the principles of work with the latest channels of public authorities interaction (sites, internet media, online press centres, social network accounts) is becoming urgent. It arises the necessity of developing a conceptual model of modern communication of different level authorities with target groups.

The task of this research is (a) to determine the principles underlying the authority bodies’ interaction with the audience under the conditions of digitalizing and mediatizing of all life spheres of the society, and (b) to develop the conceptual model of effective communication of different level authorities with target groups. The solving of this task is supposed to enable, first, to work out the principles of public opinion control by means of effective communication practices, PR-technologies; second, to develop methodological principles of authority bodies’ interaction with target groups under the conditions of population free access to the information flows of different directivity as well as practical guidelines on implementing effective practices into the spheres of digital transformation of public administration. The authors provide the basis to model of authority bodies’ interaction with target groups; systematize effective communication practices of interaction between authority bodies and target groups; provide the reasoning for methodological approaches to the development of the principles of interaction between authority bodies and different target audiences by using the latest communication technologies.
Combined enhancement of evaporation and condensation rates in the solar still for augmenting the freshwater productivity using energy storage and natural fibres
Authors: Suraparaju Subbarama Kousik , Natarajan Sendhil Kumar
Published: May 2022

The freshwater production in a conventional solar still (CSS) is very less and it can be enhanced by either enhancing evaporation or condensation rates or both in the solar still. Therefore, the current investigation focused on enhancing both the evaporation rate in the absorber basin and the condensation rate over the top glass simultaneously. In this regard, the evaporation rate is enhanced by using a hollow-finned absorber basin with energy storage and novel pond fibres in the absorber basin. Likewise, the sisal fibre with a water dripping arrangement is utilized for enhancing the condensation over the top glass. The investigations on the CSS and the modified solar still (MSS) with hollow fins and energy storage, pond fibres, and sisal fibres are conducted to analyze the effect of energy storage and natural fibres on the distillate production. It is observed that the water temperatures of the MSS are increased by 12% and the glass temperatures of the MSS are reduced by 30% relative to the CSS. The outcomes reported that the productivity of the MSS is enhanced by 126%. Furthermore, the cost per litre (CPL) and the payback period (PP) of the MSS are 38.5 and 49.3% lesser than the CPL and the PP of the CSS, respectively.
Estimating global water, sanitation, and hygiene levels and related risks on human health, using global indicators data from 1990 to 2020
Authors: Aboah Michael , Miyittah Michael K.
Published: May 2022

Water quality improvement, sanitation, and hygiene have been demonstrated to have positive impacts on health, social, and economic development. However, global understanding of water quality, sanitation, and hygiene is limited. The study extracted data from the Joint Monitoring Programme (WHO/UNICEF) and the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) to estimate global water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) levels. Statistical tools of univariate and multivariate analyses were used to process global access to WASH. Results show that men (53%) had access to safe water compared to women. Women (67%), on the other hand, demonstrated better hygiene practices than men (33%). In addition, adults had access to safe water compared to children, the elderly, and strangers. Globally, there is low water quality in landlock developing countries compared to small island developing states. The categorisation of countries into economic states of low, upper-middle, and high-income countries directly affects water quality, sanitation, and hygiene. Continentally, Africa recorded the least water quality, sanitation, and hygiene levels. Thus, African countries must learn from the best practice in governmental policies and management systems from other continents regarding water improvement, sanitation, and hygiene.
Ensuring the Resistance of Critical Information Infrastructure Objects to Advanced Persistent Threats
Authors:   FSTEK of Russia (Federal service for Technical and Export control) for the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts, Lapsar Aleksey , Nazaryan Sergey ,   Rostov State University of Economics, Vladimirova Alisa ,   Rostov State University of Economics
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study: to improve security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure in conditions of destructive information impact, implemented in the form of advanced persistent threat (APT). Methods: comparative analysis of destructive information impact within the framework of a systematic approach; Markov theory of evolutionary processes; synergetics. Results: the authors carried out analysis of APT properties and their impact on objects of critical information infrastructure. To identify APTs, the use of a combination of various detection methods with the priority of heuristic analysis is substantiated. A scheme has been developed for the implementation of the method for assessing the state of an object of a critical information infrastructure based on a modified Markov-parametric model with a system for detecting computer attacks integrated into its structure. The preliminary assessment of computer attacks danger level as well as development of recommendations for their neutralization simultaneously with conducting the assessment of the properties and characteristics of destructive information impact are proposed.
Algebraic Signature Algorithms Based on Difficulty of Solving Systems of Equations
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,, Moldovyan Dmitriy , Moldovyan Alexander ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

Purpose of work is the development of post-quantum digital signature algorithms with comparatively small sizes of the public and secret keys and the signature. Research method is the use of a new concept for constructing signature algorithms on finite non-commutative associative algebras, which is distinguished by the multiple occurrences of the signature S in the power verification equation. A public key is generated in the form of a set of vectors every of which is calculated as the product of triples of secret vectors. With a special choice of these triples, it is possible to calculate a signature that satisfies the verification equation. Results of the study are two developed algebraic post-quantum digital signature algorithms of a new type, security of which is based on the computational difficulty of solving systems of many quadratic equations with many unknowns. The difference from the public-key algorithms of multivariate cryptography is that the system of quadratic equations is derived from the formulas for generating the public-key elements in the form of a set of vectors of m-dimensional finite non-commutative algebra with an associative vector multiplication operation. The said formulas define the system of n quadratic vector equations, which reduces to the system of mn quadratic equations over a finite field. Thanks to the “natural” mechanism for the occurrence of the specified system, it is set above the field, the order of which has a large size (97 and 129 bits). The used procedures for generating the public key and signature include the exponentiation operations to the degree of a large size (96 and 128 bits), which are performed over the elements of the secret (hidden) commutative group contained in the algebra. The signature is formed in the form of two elements: a randomizing natural number e and a “fitting” vector S. The signature authentication equation includes a multiple occurrence of the S element and every entry of the vector S is associated with the formation of a product that is exponentiated to a degree dependent on the value of the e element. A significant reduction in the size of public and secret keys and signatures has been achieved, as well as an increase in performance compared to foreign analogues, considered currently as basic algorithms for the adoption of post-quantum digital signature standards.
The Impact of Digital Fingerprint Evolution on the Authenticity of Anonymous User Identification
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Sheluhin Oleg , Vanyushina Anna ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Bolshakov Alexander ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Zhelnov Maksim ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics
Published: May 2022

Purpose of work – is to evaluate the effectiveness of software identification of anonymous users in the context of the evolution of digital fingerprints on their devices. Research method. Artificial intelligence technologies, including NLP (Natural Language Processing), methods of LSA (Latent semantic analysis), as well as methods of clustering and machine learning. Objects of study are theoretical and practical issues of solving and visualizing information security problems. Results of the study. To study the impact of the evolution of digital fingerprints of analyzed devices, by alternately changing the analyzed parameters of the original fingerprint (a digital fingerprint of a browser or digital device), a database of modified fingerprints was created. A calculation technique is proposed and numerical results are presented for estimating the probability of correct and false user identifications during the evolution of the attributes of digital fingerprints. The dependence of the effectiveness of user deanonymization depending on the characteristics and properties of the variable attributes of digital fingerprints of his devices is shown. Practical relevance relevance. To improve the efficiency of anonymous user identification systems based on the analysis of device digital fingerprints. The proposed article will be useful both to specialists developing information security systems and to students studying “Information Security” course.
AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DYNED: ATTITUDES TOWARDS ENGLISH, LANGUAGE LEARNING ANXIETY, AND LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Küçük Bedirhan Ahmet , Arslan Sezen
Published: May 2022

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of DynED on the secondary school English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ attitude towards English, their language anxiety, and language achievement. In doing this, scales and achievement test (n=119) were administered to secondary school EFL learners through employing an experimental/control group design. While the experimental group used DynED actively, the control group received regular in-class English instruction. The statistical analyses showed that there was no significant difference in students' attitudes, language anxiety, and language achievement between the control and experimental groups. Also, it was found out that the students' anxiety, attitude, and achievement did not vary significantly in relation to their gender and grade level. Therefore, synthesizing the literature on extramural English and third-space, this study has also offered practical suggestions for curriculum developers and teachers to promote DynED use for language learning/teaching.
Hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhotic patients in Madagascar: epidemiology, clinical profile and in-hospital outcomes
Authors: Razafindrazoto Chantelli Iamblaudiot , Rakotozafindrabe Rina , Rabenjanahary Tovo
Published: May 2022

Background: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a frequent and serious complication in decompensated cirrhosis. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology, clinical profiles and outcomes of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 75 months, from January 2011 to March 2017, carried out at the Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo, Madagascar. Results: The hospital prevalence of decompensated cirrhosis with HRS was 7.9% (41/519). The mean age of the patients was 49.8 ± 11.33 years (range 25–70 years). Male gender predominated at 83% (n = 34). History of alcohol (46.3%) and viral hepatitis B (34.1%) were the main aetiologies of cirrhotic disease. Most of our patients (88%) had a Child-Pugh C score. HRS occurred during the first decompensation (63.4%) and the first years of cirrhosis (81%). Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (46%) and gastrointestinal bleeding (32%) were the main risk factors. HRS type-1 predominated at 66% (n = 27). The prognosis was poor with a mortality rate of 81% (100% in HRS type 1 and 42.9% in type 2). Most patients (n = 22; 67%) died within 14 days. Conclusion: The prevalence of HRS was 7.9%. It affects young people with advanced cirrhosis. The prognosis is grim with a mortality rate of 81%. Keywords: Acute kidney injury, liver cirrhosis, hepatorenal syndrome, Madagascar
Health Care Professionals’ Experiences of Web-Based Symptom Checkers for Triage: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Kujala Sari , Hörhammer Iiris
Published: May 2022

Background

Web-based symptom checkers are promising tools that provide help to patients seeking guidance on health problems. Many health organizations have started using them to enhance triage. Patients use the symptom checker to report their symptoms online and submit the report to the health care center through the system. Health care professionals (registered nurse, practical nurse, general physician, physiotherapist, etc) receive patient inquiries with urgency rating, decide on actions to be taken, and communicate these to the patients. The success of the adoption, however, depends on whether the tools can efficiently support health care professionals’ workflow and achieve their support.

Objective

This study explores the factors influencing health care professionals’ support for a web-based symptom checker for triage.

Methods

Data were collected through a web-based survey of 639 health care professionals using either of the two most used web-based symptom checkers in the Finnish public primary care. Linear regression models were fitted to study the associations between the study variables and health care professionals’ support for the symptom checkers. In addition, the health care professionals’ comments collected via survey were qualitatively analyzed to elicit additional insights about the benefits and challenges of the clinical use of symptom checkers.

Results

Results show that the perceived beneficial influence of the symptom checkers on health care professionals’ work and the perceived usability of the tools were positively associated with professionals’ support. The perceived benefits to patients and organizational support for use were positively associated, and threat to professionals’ autonomy was negatively associated with health care professionals’ support. These associations were, however, not independent of other factors included in the models. The influences on professionals’ work were both positive and negative; the tools streamlined work by providing preliminary information on patients and reduced the number of phone calls, but they also created extra work as the professionals needed to call patients and ask clarifying questions. Managing time between the use of symptom checkers and other tasks was also challenging. Meanwhile, according to health care professionals’ experience, the symptom checkers benefited patients as they received help quickly with a lower threshold for care.

Conclusions

The efficient use of symptom checkers for triage requires usable solutions that support health care professionals’ work. High-quality information about the patients’ conditions and an efficient way of communicating with patients are needed. Using a new eHealth tool also requires that health organizations and teams reorganize their workflows and work distributions to support clinical processes.
An Analysis of French-Language Tweets About COVID-19 Vaccines: Supervised Learning Approach
Authors: Sauvayre Romy , Vernier Jessica , Chauvière Cédric
Published: May 2022

Background

As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, disinformation, fake news, and conspiracy theories spread through many parts of society. However, the disinformation spreading through social media is, according to the literature, one of the causes of increased COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. In this context, the analysis of social media posts is particularly important, but the large amount of data exchanged on social media platforms requires specific methods. This is why machine learning and natural language processing models are increasingly applied to social media data.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine the capability of the CamemBERT French-language model to faithfully predict the elaborated categories, with the knowledge that tweets about vaccination are often ambiguous, sarcastic, or irrelevant to the studied topic.

Methods

A total of 901,908 unique French-language tweets related to vaccination published between July 12, 2021, and August 11, 2021, were extracted using Twitter’s application programming interface (version 2; Twitter Inc). Approximately 2000 randomly selected tweets were labeled with 2 types of categorizations: (1) arguments for (pros) or against (cons) vaccination (health measures included) and (2) type of content (scientific, political, social, or vaccination status). The CamemBERT model was fine-tuned and tested for the classification of French-language tweets. The model’s performance was assessed by computing the F1-score, and confusion matrices were obtained.

Results

The accuracy of the applied machine learning reached up to 70.6% for the first classification (pro and con tweets) and up to 90% for the second classification (scientific and political tweets). Furthermore, a tweet was 1.86 times more likely to be incorrectly classified by the model if it contained fewer than 170 characters (odds ratio 1.86; 95% CI 1.20-2.86).

Conclusions

The accuracy of the model is affected by the classification chosen and the topic of the message examined. When the vaccine debate is jostled by contested political decisions, tweet content becomes so heterogeneous that the accuracy of the model drops for less differentiated classes. However, our tests showed that it is possible to improve the accuracy by selecting tweets using a new method based on tweet length.
Characterizing the Patient Journey in Multiple Myeloma: A Patient Perspective (Preprint)
Authors: Lyall Matthew , Crawford Rebecca , Bell Timothy , Mamolo Carla , Neuhof Alexander , Levy Courtney , Heyes Anne
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Current published information on the patient perspective and treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) is limited, making it difficult to gain insights into patient needs regarding the condition.

OBJECTIVE

In this review, a combined research methods approach (ie, the review of published literature and social media posts) was undertaken to provide insight into patients’ perspectives on the impact of MM and its treatment.

METHODS

Targeted searches of PubMed and PsycINFO were conducted and, in parallel, patient-reported information (PRI) derived from social media posts from 6 patient advocacy websites and YouTube was searched.

RESULTS

A total of 27 articles and 138 posts were included (PRI included information from 76 individuals), and results from both sources found that patients experience a variety of symptoms and treatment side effects that affect areas of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), including physical functioning; emotional, psychological, and social well-being; the ability to work; and relationships. Patients valued involvement in treatment decision-making and preference for treatments was strongest when associated with increased survival. Caregiver HRQoL is affected in several areas, including emotional-, role-, social-, and work-related aspects of life.

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of published literature and PRI provides valuable and rich detail on the patient experience and perceptions of MM and its treatment. The data highlighted that patients’ HRQoL is impeded not only by the disease, but also by the treatment-related side effects; there is a range of unmet needs and areas for further research to improve the understanding of the journey for patients with MM.
Making connections: using anatomy to guide tissue engineering approaches at the enthesis
Authors:   Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Old Medical School (Doorway 3), Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK, Loukopoulou C , Mortimer JW , Paxton JZ
Published: May 2022

The enthesis demonstrates a distinct highly ordered zonal microanatomy at the osteotendinous/osteoligamentous tissue connection that allows for the smooth transmission of mechanical forces between tissues. Interfacial tissue engineering (ITE), a subset of the interdisciplinary field of tissue engineering, is directed at replicating this complex transitional anatomy of the enthesis in vitro. Yet, the limited understanding of tissue boundaries, gradients and structural relationships at specific anatomical locations hampers the development of novel therapeutic strategies for bespoke enthesis regeneration, thus reducing their direct clinical applicability. This review provides an overview of ITE approaches for repair of the osteotendinous/osteoligamentous junction and highlights the importance of complementary inclusion of direct anatomical research. The cross-disciplinary collaboration across an array of experts, including anatomists, involved in the design, development and utilisation of bioengineered tissues will enhance the properties of such tissues and improve their clinical relevance. More specifically, a detailed anatomical analysis of the region of interest should drive the in vitro design and enable researchers to develop anatomically and clinically relevant tissue-engineered replacement tissues for human implantation. Finally, the present review discusses the challenges and future directions of the ITE field and highlights the importance of anatomically driven tissue engineering as an emerging tool in clinical translational research.
Digitization of Real Time Systems as home
Authors: Malwale Sharad , Padul Umesh , Patil Shivam , Kudale Sagar , Bahir Prof. Suvarna
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Digitization of Real Time Systems as Home is an Automation System in which we control the home’s electrical components digitally. In this project we developed an application as a digital platform for controlling system. And the availability of the system will be ensured by the use of Internet. Our System helps users to access their home appliances easily and safely without any change in existing system in their home. So that without changing the actual components of the home, it’s implemented by adding digital interface between user and home. General Home Automation consists of replacement of each component with IoT devices. The availability of the control is limited to small scale area or local control area. Replacement of each component results in increment of investment which is very costly. The connection to the system requires same network to operate. A home automation system controls lighting, temperature, multimedia systems, and appliances. Since these devices and sensors are connected to common infrastructure, they form the Internet of Things. A home automation system links multiple controllable devices to a centralized server. Keywords: Home automation, IoT, Raspberry Pi, Firebase, Electrical Appliances, Android app.
Modal Analysis, Fatigue Analysis and Optimization of Tractor Drop Arm Using FEM
Authors: Inamke Raviraj , Nath N. K. , Arakerimath R. R.
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The Drop Arm is part of the steering component in a Tractor. It is connected to the sector shaft and moves in angular motion with the help of the sector shaft. This motion causes the wheels to move left or right, depending on which way the steering wheel is moved. It is important you have your drop arm in good working condition because poor steering can be hazardous to you and those around you. A performance study will be carried to perform Failure, Fatigue & Modal Analysis of pitman arm using Ansys. The structural optimization will be done on the drop arm by changing the structure of pitman arm by modifying the geometry where stress values are critical. The meshing and boundary conditions will be applied and analysis will be carried out using Ansys 16.0. Keywords: Finite element analysis, Fatigue analysis, Modal analysis, Drop arm, FEM.
Development and Analysis of High Efficient Soundless Drone
Authors: Kawale Ayush , Biswas Akshay , Gajbhiye Dr. Pankaj , Dhundale Vijayanand , Kamdi Trishul , Sawargaonkar Vaishnavi , Meshram Ritik , Patwekar Smita
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In the recent years, as interest in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has increased, the development in the drone has an important technology for security and military applications. Various missions can be done using this system as it will help in the surveillance in unknown areas, forestry conservation, spying enemy territory. Application which is developed in this research has a purpose to simulate condition in war zone for spying the enemy. Following current trends towards UAV innovative design a small size light UAV quad copter system was design, assembled and tested in flight. The aim is to design a low cost structure and make it comparable with other more expensive. Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Rescue mission, design of drone Surveillance.
The impact of the EAEU common labor market on the well-being of households of migrants: The case of Armenia
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Denisova Irina ,   Moscow, Russian Federation,   New Economic School; Moscow, Russian Federation, Oksinenko Valeriia ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russian Federation, Chudinovskikh Olga ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

We study the impact of migration policy liberalization under the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) on the welfare of households in sending country-members. We use the example of the Republic of Armenia. The Integrated Survey of the Living Standards of Households in Armenia for 2013–2017 is the informational basis of the study. Using the difference-in-differences approach, we identify a statistically significant causal relationship between joining the EAEU and the well-being of households. Armenia’s accession to the EAEU in 2015 made it possible to reduce the risk of poverty of labor migrant households by 2.5 percentage points, and the risk of acute poverty by 4.5 percentage points. The results prompt for further harmonization of the labor migration legislation of the participating countries, and the formation and mutual offset of pension rights of labor migrants within the EAEU in particular.
Determinants of short-term rental prices in the sharing economy: The case of Airbnb in Moscow
Authors:   RANEPA, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bobrovskaya Ekaterina , Polbin Andrey ,   RANEPA, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Gaidar Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

In this paper we analyze pricing on a large online platform for short‐term rental housing Airbnb based on Moscow dataset in January 2021. We build a multiple regression model based on a hedonic price function. We identify the main price determinants and the features typical for the specified market. In addition, the results demonstrate the importance of applying quantile regression and geographically weighted regression for more detailed analysis of the determinants of short‐term rental prices.
Forecasting the Value-at-Risk of energy commodities: A comparison of models and alternative distribution functions
Authors:   University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal, Amaro Raphael , Pinho Carlos ,   University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal, Madaleno Mara ,   University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Published: May 2022

Economic agents need to adequately control, and measure potential financial losses associated with commodity price swings in the futures market. One of the ways to anticipate possible price swings is to measure Value-at-Risk (VaR). In its parametric form, the VaR calculation uses the volatility of a financial asset as a parameter to measure risk. Volatility is the essence of VaR calculation and should be estimated as accurately as possible. The importance of precision in volatility estimation has made heteroskedastic models and their forms of application has evolved significantly in recent years. In this context, this study aimed to verify if the incorporation of several additional parameters in the mathematical expression of the models and the use of different density functions improves the predictive capacity of the conditional variance when used in the measurement of the VaR of the energy commodities in the futures market. The results showed that the use of mathematically more complex structures is not related to better predictions of VaR. However, the use of different density functions allowed the models to fit more adequately to the data, leading to more realistic predictions of conditional variance.
Performance Evaluation of Convolutional Networks on Heterogeneous Architectures for Applications in Autonomous Robotics
Authors: Guajo Joaquín , Alzate-Anzola Cristian , Castaño-Londoño Luis , Márquez-Viloria David
Published: May 2022

Humanoid robots find application in human-robot interaction tasks. However, despite their capabilities, their sequential computing system limits the execution of computationally expensive algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, which have demonstrated good performance in recognition tasks. As an alternative to sequential computing units, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays and Graphics Processing Units have a high degree of parallelism and low power consumption. This study aims to improve the visual perception of a humanoid robot called NAO using these embedded systems running a convolutional neural network. The methodology adopted here is based on image acquisition and transmission using simulation software: Webots and Choreographe. In each embedded system, an object recognition stage is performed using commercial convolutional neural network acceleration frameworks. Xilinx® Ultra96™, Intel® Cyclone® V-SoC and NVIDIA® Jetson™ TX2 cards were used, and Tinier-YOLO, AlexNet, Inception-V1 and Inception V3 transfer-learning networks were executed. Real-time metrics were obtained when Inception V1, Inception V3 transfer-learning and AlexNet were run on the Ultra96 and Jetson TX2 cards, with frame rates between 28 and 30 frames per second. The results demonstrated that the use of these embedded systems and convolutional neural networks can provide humanoid robots such as NAO with greater visual recognition in tasks that require high accuracy and autonomy.
Plastic Skinscapes in Tibetan Buddhism
Authors: Brox Trine
Published: May 2022

This article takes as its point of departure S. Brent Plate's (2012) compelling metaphor ‘the skin of religion’ to discuss the increasing presence and impact of plastics in the sphere of religion. What material and imagined properties of plastics allow them to be incorporated into the sacred domain? How are plastics experienced? What are the consequences of plastics’ increasing presence? The discussion pivots around observations of three forms of plastics used in contemporary Tibetan Buddhism: (1) acrylic shells protecting sacred text, (2) polyethylene jars containing votives and (3) silicone imitations of Buddhist lamas. The article focuses on the skinscapes co-constituted by these plastics, focusing on the affordances and enactments of plastics in the religious field, not only in terms of how acrylic, polyethylene and silicone are experienced, but also how they enact their material properties even beyond our sensual experiences of them. While the plastic materials protect and prolong the precious items that they contain or imitate, they also raise discussions about disposability, non-perishability, pollution and material doubt.
Training Family Medicine Residents to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey of Program Directors
Authors: Sanders Mechelle , Fogarty Colleen T. , Morley Christopher P. , Schultz Stephen , Devine Mathew , Sridhar Soumya B. , Fiscella Kevin
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Public health training became particularly important for family medicine (FM) residency training programs amid the COVID-19 pandemic; the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME IV.C.19) requires a structured curriculum in which residents address population health. Our primary goal was to understand if, and to what extent, public health interventions trainings were incorporated into FM residency training programs amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized programs with more resources (eg, university affiliates) would be better able to incorporate the training compared to those without such resources (ie, nonuniversity affiliates).
Methods: In 2021, we incorporated items addressing COVID-19 public health training competencies into the 2021 Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance national survey of FM residency program directors. The items addressed the type of training provided, mode of delivery, barriers to providing training, perceived importance of training, and support in delivering training.
Results: The overall survey response rate was 46.4% (n=287/619). All programs offered at least some training to residents. There were no statistically significant differences in training intensity between university and nonuniversity affiliates. The length of time an FM residency director spent in their position was positively associated with training intensity (r=0.1430, P=.0252). The biggest barrier to providing the trainings was the need to devote time to other curriculum requirements.
Conclusions: FM residency programs were able to provide some public health interventions training during the pandemic. With increased support and resources, FM resident training curricula may better prepare FM residents now in anticipation of a future pandemic.
Assessing Family Medicine Physicians’ Perceptions of Integrated Behavioral Health in a Primary Care Residency
Authors: Nutting Ruth , Ofei-Dodoo Samuel , Wipperman Jennifer , Allen Ashley D.
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Physicians are increasingly confronted with patients’ interrelated psychosocial and physiological issues. To assist physicians in managing the psychosocial needs of patients, integrated behavioral health (IBH) has become increasingly common. This study was completed in a large, Midwestern family medicine residency program where the authors sought to (1) identify physicians’ perceptions of IBH implementation and areas of needed IBH improvement, and (2) recognize educational needs to be addressed when providing behavioral health training to resident physicians.
Methods: The authors utilized a pre/post design to measure physician perception of access and quality of an integrated behavioral health program. For quantitative data, we performed standard descriptive statistics, likelihood ratio χ2 tests, independent sample t test, and linear mixed-model analysis. For qualitative data, we completed phenomenological analysis, derived from a focus group.
Results: Physician satisfaction with access and quality of behavioral health services significantly improved after the implementation of the IBH (P<.01). Perception of behavioral health management also improved, including the commitment of the residency program to mental health well-being, benefit from consultations with BHPs, and physician ownership of managing patients’ mental health needs. Themes from the focus group indicated a desire for increased communication with BHPs, as well as additional assessment and intervention skills to manage psychiatric disorders.
Conclusions: Family physicians value IBH in supporting patients’ behavioral health treatment, and resident physicians hone behavioral health management skills through collaborating with BHPs and completing behavioral health training. Residencies should increase focus on teaching essential skills in behavioral health management.
Student Perceptions and Use of Social Media as Residency Program Information
Authors: Oliver M. Grace , Kelly Kelsie
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Virtual residency interviews during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic posed unique challenges to students and residency programs in the United States. We evaluated fourth-year medical students’ perceptions of the virtual format and social media use to help select residency programs. We also assessed applicant utilization and perceived usefulness of our social media content.
Methods: We administered an anonymous, web-based survey study of interviewees at an urban, academic medical center residency program. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics.
Results: Seventy-five of 138 applicants completed the survey (response rate 54%). Most applicants reported worry about obtaining enough information about residency programs to apply (64%) and to rank programs (87%). Though more traditional information sources remain most prevalent, social media is now widely used to research residency programs (62%).
Conclusions: Most applicants to this family medicine residency program used social media to gather information, but they expressed worry that it was enough. Virtual interviews are likely to remain postpandemic, creating challenges for residency programs and especially for their hopeful applicants. Programs seeking to provide well-rounded information for applicants should maintain a social media presence as part of their recruitment practices.
Family Medicine Musculoskeletal Medicine Education: A CERA Study
Authors: Wu Velyn , Goto Kiyomi , Carek Stephen , Petrizzi Michael , Deck Jason W. , Sulapas Irvin , DeStefano Sherilyn , DeCastro Alexei O. , Rooks Benjamin J. , Mainous Arch G. , Kulshreshtha Ambar
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Musculoskeletal (MSK) concerns constitute up to 40% of primary care outpatient visits. Despite Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) family medicine program requirements for musculoskeletal medicine and sports medicine training, previous studies have shown that family medicine residency graduates do not have adequate training to manage common musculoskeletal conditions. Factors for this may include deficiencies in education at both the undergraduate and graduate medical education training levels.
Methods: A Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance survey of 287 family medicine program directors assessed the current state of the delivery of musculoskeletal medicine education. Opinions were gathered on the scope and delivery of training requirements as well as potential areas for further curricular attention.
Results: Two hundred eighty-seven program directors responded to the survey (response rate 41.53%). Most (72.60%) were in university based or affiliated programs and had a fellowship-trained primary care sports medicine physician (59.85%) curricular lead. A majority (77.4%) did not feel that PGY-1 residents enter residency with the physical exam skills needed to evaluate common musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions , and most (81.15%) did not feel that there should be changes to the current ACGME requirements. An area highlighted for further investment is faculty development in point-of-care ultrasound (39.85%).
Conclusions: Although program directors believe that current ACGME MSK curricular requirements are likely appropriate, they do not feel residents arrive with the examination skills needed to evaluate common MSK conditions.Therefore, further attention can be given to medical student education in musculoskeletal exam skills prior to residency. Future research should develop objective measures using multiple assessors—students, residents, teaching faculty, and patients—to assess both the baseline and graduating competency in MSK medicine of our residents.
Examination of the usefulness of fertility-sparing surgery for pediatric ovarian teratoma
Authors: Fukuzawa Taichi , Endo Yuki , Sasaki Hideyuki , Kudo Hironori , Nakamura Megumi , Ando Ryo , Yamaki Satoshi , Okubo Ryuji , Sakurai Tsuyoshi , Hashimoto Masatoshi , Tada Keisuke , Nakajima Yudai , Sato Kosuke , Endo Ryoma , Wada Motoshi
Published: May 2022

[Background] Ovarian teratomas are the most common ovarian tumors in
children. Fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) is often recommended owing to
its advantage of fertility preservation. We examined the validity of FSS
in pediatric patients with ovarian teratomas. [Procedure] We
retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent
initial surgery for ovarian teratomas in our department between
1972–2021. Patients were divided into two groups: oophorectomy (OVX)
group and FSS group. Clinical characteristics, perioperative
characteristics, and outcomes were compared between the groups.
[Results] Forty-six patients underwent initial surgery (OVX: 25
patients; FSS: 21 patients). There were no differences between the
groups in terms of age, pathological diagnosis, affected side, ovarian
torsion, postoperative complications, recurrence rate, or length of
postoperative follow-up. Regarding pathological diagnosis, immature
teratomas were found only in the OVX group (p = 0.0161). The tumor size
was larger in the OVX group (p = 0.0104). Regarding perioperative
findings, operation time was longer in the FSS group (p = 0.0071) and
bleeding volume was higher in the OVX group (p = 0.0070). The number of
days until the start of oral intake and the length of hospital stay
postoperatively were shorter in the FSS group (p = 0.0002 and p
< 0.0001, respectively). [Conclusion] We demonstrated the
advantages of FSS, including its minimally invasive approach and
comparable outcomes in terms of tumor recurrence; the operation time was
longer. Since both FSS and OVX are associated with a risk of tumor
recurrence, long-term follow-up in anticipation of adult transition is
necessary.