bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Вплив клініко-морфологічних характеристик пухлини на віддалену виживаність при проксимальному колоректальному раку
Authors: Polyasnyy V. O. , Sulaieva O. M. , Mashukov A. O. , Kovalevska L. A. , Brailovska V. V. , Brailovskyi B. Y.
Published: May 2024

Стаття присвячена вивченню виживаності при колоректальному раку та впливу деяких загальних клінічних факторів на тривалість життя наших пацієнтів. Колоректальний рак (КРР) є актуальною проблемою сучасності та сучасної онкології, оскільки захворюваність на КРР постійно зростає. Вважається, що розвиток КРР у 50 % усіх випадків пов’язаний зі способом життя та тривалим впливом канцерогенів. Генетичні чинники відіграють вирішальну роль у 5-20 % випадків. Встановлено, що від 20 до 50 % хворих на КРР при первинному виявленні вже мають віддалені метастази. Розуміння біології раку товстої кишки ґрунтується на аналізі ступеня агресивності його перебігу, виживаності пацієнтів, впливу проведених оперативних та комбінованих методів лікування на перебіг захворювання та наявності ряду інших факторів, які ще не повністю зрозумілі клініцистам (вплив прихованих метастазів, циркулюючих ракових клітин, генетичних причин тощо). Пухлини проксимального відділу товстої кишки – це пухлини, що локалізуються в сліпій кишці, висхідному та печінковому згинах товстої кишки, тобто власне пухлини правої половини товстої кишки. Чим проксимальніше пухлина була розташована в правій половині товстої кишки, тим довше жили пацієнти. Через 24 місяці спостереження тривалість спостереження за пацієнтами з пухлинами сліпої кишки, висхідної ободової кишки та печінкового кута становила 71,43 %, 63,64 % і 72,73 % відповідно. За період спостереження 32 місяці: 42,86 %, 36,36 %, 18,18 %. За період спостереження 55 місяців: 14,29 %, 9,09 %, 0 % відповідно. Таким чином, біологія була ключовим фактором, оскільки групи були еквівалентними за стадією, частотою ураження лімфатичних вузлів і ступенем диференціації пухлини. Тому, з нашої точки зору, виділення правобічної РТК, р-РТК в окрему нозоформу має клінічно значущий характер: саме в правій половині товстої кишки частіше зустрічається токсикоанемічна форма; рідше (майже ніколи) – обтураційна, значно більш характерна для лівостороннього раку, l-RTK. Як правило, пухлини правої кишки мають такий геномний контекст: гіперметилювання MLH1, мутація BRAF і MSI високого ступеня, тоді як пухлини лівої кишки є мутантними p53 і KRAS.
The formation of the cognitive component of students' professional thinking in the context of digital transformation of higher education
Authors: Akimova Olha , Matiiuk Dmytro , Diachenko Maksym
Published: May 2024

The article considers the ways of forming the cognitive component of students' professional thinking in the context of digital transformation of higher education. European trends that affect the quality of educational services are highlighted; attention is focused on the problems of globalisation, the use of artificial intelligence and robotics, the use of cloud technologies, which together affect the nature of human life and the peculiarities of the development of educational institutions. Among the newest ways to solve these problems, the article highlights the following: creation of a digital educational environment for professional training of specialists competitive in the employment market. It is proved that digital transformation is of great importance in the globalised world, and the modernisation of education is aimed at solving the latest global problems. The article identifies the following modern trends in information development that influence the process of digitalisation of education: development of artificial intelligence, "machine learning", neural networks; further development of mobile-oriented tools; widespread introduction of blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies; the development of cloud computing and virtualisation technologies, cloud computing technologies; the development of augmented reality and virtual reality; widespread introduction of chatbots and virtual assistants, etc. The article considers the trends of digitalisation of the educational environment in higher education institutions in Germany and Austria, including digital ecosystems, which in the form of open learning systems offer the latest design structure for using the possibilities of modern digitalisation in the network economy. It is proved that SMART-education provides new opportunities related to the use of e-learning technologies; ensures mobility and accessibility of educational information; allows the format of autonomy of the teacher and students using mobile devices in the educational process; makes it possible to provide flexible educational services in terms of individual capabilities of the master's student; provides support for individual programmes for the personal development of each student.
Improvement of communicative support of teacher's activities as a factor in enhancing the quality of education
Authors: Nahorniak Svitlana , Stavnycha Natalia
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of effective strategies for improving the communication skills of teachers in the higher education system. The authors consider the importance of interaction between teachers and students as a key aspect of a successful teaching-learning process and highlight the impact of quality communication on the overall level of the educational process. It is important to note that modern means of communication open up new opportunities for the implementation of the process of education. The article provides a detailed description and characteristics of the concept of communicative support in higher education institutions.
The analysis of the scientific literature on the outlined topic has been carried out. The main types of communication support in institutions of higher education have been considered and their impact on improving the quality of education has been analyzed. The necessity to introduce new forms and methods of learning that contribute to the development of communicative competence of higher education students has been substantiated. The article analyzes modern approaches to improving the communicative interaction of teachers and students, considering pedagogical, technological and psychological aspects. Methods of increasing the effectiveness of teachers' communication with students are taken into account, including the use of interactive methods, the use of modern means of communication and the development of teacher empathy. Statistical data are provided that give an estimate of the popularity of certain forms of communication between teachers and students. Statistical analysis is carried out in the article. The main trends in the development of communicative support of the educational process are outlined. The article notes that increasing the level of communicative competence of teachers is a key factor in improving the quality of education. The recommendations and practical advice given in the article can serve as a basis for the development of the programs and trainings to improve the communication skills of teachers in higher education institutions.
The problem of professional mobility as one of the characteristics of functioning of the future teacher
Authors: Stoliarenko Olena , Burlaka Nelia , Pinaieva Olha , Moskovchuk Olha
Published: May 2024

The article reveals the essence of professional mobility as one of the characteristics of the successful functioning of the future teacher in professional activity. A description of the concepts «mobility», «professional mobility» is provided. The need to organize such a system of professional training of future teachers is emphasized, which can ensure a purposeful process of forming their readiness for continuing professional self-development, desire and ability to constantly raise the level of professional skills, which would ensure their efficiency and competitiveness in future professional activities. It has been found that the professional mobility of future teachers testifies to their internal readiness for qualitative changes, is manifested in the ability to quickly acquire and generalize new professional competencies; willingness to make decisions and the ability to adapt in the event of a change in the tasks of professional activity, which will ensure their efficiency and competitiveness in future professional activity. It has been determined that a significant amount of theoretical research on the problem of the formation of professional mobility of teachers has been accumulated in the pedagogical literature. The results of the research aimed at identifying the needs and opportunities of modern teachers for continuing professional improvement and changes in professional activity are appropriate. It has been revealed that the future specialist should be open to innovation, be included in teamwork, which will characterize him as a socially competent specialist capable of displaying creativity in professional activity. It has been emphasized that professional mobility is a value-meaningful, dynamic, integrative and integral quality of an individual, which is manifested in his or her specific activity through readiness, reaction and ability to innovate, improve, develop and realize himself in professional activity, ensuring the effectiveness of specific tasks solution within the limits of his or her profession, mastering new techniques and technologies, determining social activity and effective adaptability to transformation processes.
The Democratic Backsliding Debate and the Controversy over Regime Classification in Israel
Authors: Ariely Gal
Published: May 2024

Using the 2023 controversy over Israel's judicial overhaul as a case, this article analyzes the broader, decades-long debate about the nature of the Israeli regime. It demonstrates how conflicting assumptions about democracy and the Israeli regime underpin different interpretations of the proposed judicial overhaul. The 2023 debate contraposed majoritarian and liberal orientations, echoing previous understandings of Israel as either a liberal democracy or a diminished type of democracy like ethnic democracy. Despite their differences, both positions in this debate regard Israel as a democracy equivalent to other liberal democracies in the West and neglect the question of the regime's borders and its implication for the regime's classification.
Exploring the "Symbiotic Mutualism" between the Religious Tourism and World Buddhist Archeological Sites of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Faryal Wajid , Jamil Salman , Shahzad Hasnain
Published: May 2024

Symbiosis involves two organisms living together, while mutualism denotes a mutually beneficial relationship. This study delves into the fusion of Religious Tourism and Buddhist World Archeological Sites, aiming to uncover symbiotic mutualism between these seemingly disparate industries. Beginning with understanding this phenomenon and identifying relevant parameters, literature and case studies were analyzed, focusing eventually on Pakistan. The context of Buddhist World Heritage Sites and religious tourism in Pakistan was examined, exploring their mutual relationship. The study investigated the necessary parameters for symbiotic mutualism and assessed its existence and effectiveness through public surveys and interviews. Findings suggest significant potential for mutualism, yet comprehensive frameworks and strategic planning are lacking for its full realization. Public interest and basic guidelines exist, but a cohesive approach is needed to excel in this dimension. This research underscores the untapped potential of merging Buddhist archaeological sites with religious tourism, calling for concerted efforts to capitalize on this opportunity.
Impact of Organizational Justice and Organizational Culture on Employees' Commitment with Mediating Role of Employees' Satisfaction and Moderating Role of Work Environment: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Fayaz Khan Muhammad , Zeb Alam , Alam Khan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

This paper is an attempt to explore the impact of organizational justice and organizational culture on employees' commitment in of Pakistani telecom sector. A questionnaire is administered to a sample of randomly selected 240 employees working in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Reliability, descriptive statistics and regression analysis have been used for analysis. Results of the study reveal that organizational justice and organizational culture have a direct positive impact on employees' commitment. There is a mediating role of Job satisfaction between organizational justice and organizational culture and employee commitment and a moderating role of Work environment between job satisfaction and employee commitment. The study provides valuable suggestions both for managers and academicians.
Effect of Corporate Diversification on the Value of Cash Holding
Authors: Ali Shah Idrees , Ullah Khan Saleem , Fahad Siddiqi Muhammad
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between corporate diversification on the value of cash holding. Furthermore, the research also examined the corporate diversificationâvalue of cash holding relationship with good and poor corporate governance (CG); industrial competitiveness and industrial nonâcompetitiveness; family and nonâfamily oriented firms; Sharia and nonâSharia compliant firms. The data is used for the years 2017 to 2022 of nonâfinancial firms registered on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. The result predicts that corporate diversification exerts a negative effect on the value of cash holding but this negative relationship becomes positive in goodâgoverned firms, completive industries and Sharia label firms. On the other hand, corporate diversification exerts a negative effect on the value of cash holding in familyâoriented firms due to agency problems.
DYNAMIC CHANGES IN HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE LUNGS IN SEXUALLY IMMATURE RATS DURING SIMULATION OF PARTIAL TRACHEAL STENOSIS
Authors: Molochek Yu.A. , Savosko S.I.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The morphological features of the respiratory system in laryngomalacia remain insufficiently understood, particularly regarding structural, cytological, and functional alterations. The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics of the respiratory compartment in the lungs of sexually immature rats, conduct a morphometric assessment of lung tissue density, analyze the dynamics of erythrocyte mass and collagen accumulation, and identify correlations between these parameters. Materials and Methods: The study involved sexually immature male Wistar rats aged 25-28 days and weighing 40-55 g. Partial tracheal stenosis was induced in experimental animals using a developed method, restricting the tracheal lumen by 20-25%. The stenosis was maintained for 7 and 21 days in different groups. In one group, tracheal stenosis was relieved after 7 days by removing the compressive ligature. Histological, histochemical, and morphometric methods were employed to study changes in lung tissue. Results. Pathological changes in lung tissue during hypoxia were characterized by an increase in the number of different types of cells and erythrocyte mass, especially on the 21st day of the experiment and the removal of ligatures from the trachea in experimental animals. Disturbances in the microcirculation of the lung acini were manifested by a sharp increase in blood filling of the microvessels and expansion of their lumen. In this case, the process of erythrocyte penetration into the lumen of the alveoli was sometimes noted. The results of histochemical detection of collagen indicate that in the lung tissue of experimental animals there is no activation of fibrogenetic processes, which would be accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the specific density of collagen. Indicators characterizing the lung tissue (number of cells, their specific density) made it possible to evaluate the corresponding correlations. At the same time, they were not associated with the level of collagen or erythrocyte density in the studied loci of the respiratory system of experimental sexually immature rats. A significant increase in the specific density of erythrocyte mass in lung tissue did not depend on the duration of the experiment. Removal of the ligature and restoration of the tracheal lumen did not significantly affect the restoration of alveolar acini and the spectrum of identified cells. In addition, an increase in the specific density of lung tissue was observed. Conclusion. The findings of this study contribute to deeper understanding of lung damage in children with laryngomalacia and associated respiratory system ventilation impairment. The observed reactive changes in lung connective tissue and collagen synthesis during hypoxia do not necessarily indicate the development of respiratory system fibrosis. However, longer exposure to hypoxic conditions may increase the risk of fibrosis in children.
ALTERATIONS IN RAT ILEAL WALL METRICS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF A COMPLEX OF FOOD CHEMICAL ADDITIVES DURIGN THE EARLY STAGES OF THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Oliinichenko Ya. O.
Published: May 2024

The influence of exogenous factors is a common cause of digestive disorders. Food chemical additives are important in the list of harmful exogenous factors. Despite the availability of literature data on their adverse effects on various systems and organs, the information on their complex impact on the ileum is limited and requires further study. The present study aimed to determine the metric changes in the ileal wall of rats during the early stages of administration of a complex of food chemical additives including monosodium glutamate, sodium nitrite, and ponceau 4R. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on mature white rats, divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received saline, and the experimental group received a complex of food chemical additives prepared following the standard methodology for 1 and 4 weeks orally. Material sampling and morphometric studies were performed according to generally accepted methods. The following parameters of the ileum wall were determined: total average wall thickness and average thickness of the serous membrane, muscle layer, submucosal and mucosal layers lseparately. Results. Changes in the indicators were found after the first week of administration of the food additives complex. In particular, the total intestinal wall thickness increased by 1.51 times compared to the control; after the fourth week, this indicator slightly decreased, although it was 1.22 times higher than the control group (p<0.05). The average mucosal thickness was 1.67 and 1.35 higher than in the control group after the first and fourth week, respectively. The average thickness of the submucosal layer also changed; after the first week, this indicator was 1.12 times lower than the control one; after the fourth week, the indicator increased by 1.21 times and 1.34 times compared to the control group and the previous observation period (p<0.05), respectively. As for the muscular layer, compared to the control group, after the first week, this indicator was 1.58 times higher (p<0.05). After the fourth week, it was 1.19 times higher than the control group and 1.33 times lower than the previous period. The average thickness of the serous layer was 1.44 times higher after the first week and 1.58 times higher after the fourth week compared to the control group. Conclusion. Thus, the introduction of a complex of food chemical additives leads to metric changes in the ileal wall of the ileum at the early stages of the experiment due to hyperhydration of connective tissue, impaired blood circulation, and pericellular oedema of the structural components of all membranes.
DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN OF POLTAVA BEFORE AND DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF WAR (retrospective analysis over 20 years)
Authors: Mosiienko A.S. , Bauman S.S. , Sheshukova O.V.
Published: May 2024

Due to the military conflict and the COVID-19 pandemic, Ukraine and the city of Poltava are facing challenges in medical services, including dentistry. Analyzing the dynamics of caries treatment in children in Poltava before and during the war is crucial for assessing the impact of wartime on the municipal dental care system. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of caries treatment in children based on annual reports from the Municipal Pediatric Clinical Dental Polyclinic before and during the wartime.
A retrospective analysis of the statistical reporting of the Municipal Pediatric Clinical Dental Polyclinic for the years 2002, 2012, and 2018-2022 was conducted. During the analysis, annual indicators of the Polyclinic were studied, including the total number of visits, number of primary visits, number of treated teeth due to caries and its complications in temporary and permanent teeth. Calculations included the average number of visits per person, the proportion of complicated caries in temporary and permanent teeth, and the quality indicator of complicated caries treatment.
The study revealed a 51.43% decrease in clinic visits over the last 20 years. In 2022, there was a sharp increase in primary visits to 24,655, possibly due to internally displaced children. The number of filled permanent teeth increased by 25% in 2022 compared to 2021. The proportion of complicated caries in temporary teeth significantly rose from 0.23 to 0.84 from 2002 to 2022. Additionally, there was a 25% increase in the absolute values of the quality indicator of complicated caries treatment in temporary teeth from 2002 to 2012 and a 12% increase up to 2022, indicating a rise in the number of cases of treating complicated caries in temporary teeth by extraction.
These findings highlight the need for further research on the war's impact on the prevalence of caries and its complications in the pediatric population. This research is crucial for developing effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases.
GASTRIC GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR WITH SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE B DEFICIENCY: CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Ivanova G.O. , Dudchenko M.O. , Kravtsiv M.I. , Ivashchenko D.M. , Horodova-Andrieieva T.V. , Shevchuk M.P. , Prykhidko R.A.
Published: May 2024

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors found in the gastrointestinal tract, constituting a diverse group of c-Kit positive mesenchymal (stromal or connective tissue) tumors. Their development is primarily associated with mutations in the c-Kit proto-oncogene, leading to structural alterations in the type III transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor (Kit). This receptor is crucial for regulating mitotic activity and cell differentiation. The activation of the Kit-receptor in tumor cells is identified through the expression of the immunohistochemical marker CD 117 (tyrosine kinase receptor protein), with approximately 80-90% of GISTs testing positive for CD 117.
The objective of our study is to improve the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
The clinical case underscores the challenge of diagnosing gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) due to the absence of specific and definitive symptoms. In this instance, only radical surgical intervention facilitated an accurate diagnosis. Given the location of the tumor in the pyloric part of the gastric submucosal layer, a reliable biopsy during video esophagogastroduodenoscopy was unfeasible, as the gastric mucosa above the tumor appeared unaffected. Consequently, surgery with complete tumor excision and subsequent pathohistological and immunohistochemical analysis emerged as the primary diagnostic and therapeutic approach. These investigations confirmed the presence of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach with succinate dehydrogenase B deficiency.
In approximately 80% of GIST cases, succinate dehydrogenase deficiency plays a pivotal role. The absence of succinate dehydrogenase disrupts the Krebs cycle, leading to an accumulation of succinate, an oncometabolite that fuels carcinogenesis. Such tumors exhibit distinctive clinical characteristics, prognostic outcomes, and responsiveness to targeted therapies. Succinate dehydrogenase deficiency can arise from mutations or epigenomic alterations affecting gene expression. Notably, mutations or epigenomic disruptions in any succinate dehydrogenase subunit inevitably result in the loss of subunit B expression.
IMPLEMENTING ADVANCED X-RAY TECHNOLOGIES AT THE THIRD CHERKASY CITY EMERGENCY HOSPITAL
Authors: Stepanova H. M. , Lupyna O. V.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: In recent decades, the world has seen a transition from traditional to digital radiography. Ukraine has also joined this process, replacing outdated equipment with modern digital systems that have become especially important during the Covid-19 epidemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital implements modern digital technologies of X-ray diagnostics in order to improve the provision of medical care and diagnostics. This study aims at investigating and evaluating the experience of implementing digital X-ray technologies in The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital.
Materials and methods: This study involved analyzing medical records from The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital and conducting individual interviews with eight healthcare professionals, including radiologists, other physicians, and a nurse from the hospital.
Results. Beginning in 2017, due to the decentralization policy and changes in the Cherkassy city administration, there has been a gradual transition of the medical sector, particularly The Third Cherkassy City Emergency Hospital, to modern digital equipment. This transition has significantly enhanced the quality of medical services and streamlined the process of diagnosing and treating patients. The integration of digital X-ray technologies into the hospital's medical practice has expedited the acquisition and processing of X-ray images, reducing labor and time previously spent on film installation and processing. This reduction in personnel and equipment needs has led to cost savings and process optimization.
The implementation of modern X-ray technology has notably improved the efficiency and workflow of hospital staff, facilitating faster and more accurate processing and analysis of X-ray images. The absence of chemical reagents and the utilization of high-quality, clear images have reduced physical and emotional stress among medical personnel. Furthermore, the technology has enabled more effective detection of various diseases at early stages and streamlined emergency care for injured patients. Additionally, the impact of X-ray radiation on both patients and medical staff has decreased.
However, the adoption of digital technologies has brought forth new challenges, such as organizing storage and access to digital archives. Addressing these challenges necessitates additional investments in server equipment and the development of specialized programs. Ensuring the reliability and security of medical information storage is crucial to prevent potential data loss or corruption.
SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE CORONARY SYSTEM OF THE HUMAN HEART
Authors: Poliakova D.O. , Sharapova O.M.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate sex differences in the coronary system of the heart, considering all relevant consequence, and to compile and analyze the gathered data.
Materials and Methods. The authors independently conducted a literature search and selection process using the PubMed database for the review, followed by the generalization of the obtained data.
Results. Women exhibit a higher propensity than men for certain cardiovascular diseases, including persistent angina, non-obstructive coronary heart disease, coronary microvascular dysfunction, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, stress cardiomyopathy, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In comparison to men, women typically present with elevated rates of underlying comorbidities, encompassing not only advanced age but also hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic renal failure, peripheral vascular disease, HFpEF, and inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Many of these conditions are linked to diffuse atherosclerosis and microvascular ischemia, with notable parallels between non-obstructive coronary heart disease and coronary microvascular dysfunction.
Special attention is paid to patients sharing an increased risk of coronary heart disease events, which is consistent between women and men, except for those with severe coronary flow reserve (CFR) impairment, where women demonstrate an even higher risk. In particular, in cases where CFR impairment is not attributable to obstructive coronary heart disease (precluding revascularization to mitigate cardiovascular risk), there may be justification for a novel therapeutic approach for systemic coronary heart disease management. Cases of severe coronary microvascular dysfunction, often concurrent with non-obstructive coronary heart disease, may indicate a shared mechanism influencing coronary heart disease risk in both genders. This mechanism might involve inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and heightened cardiomyocyte oxygen demand, culminating in microvascular ischemia, myocardial injury, and compromised cardiac function.
Conclusions. Enhanced comprehension of the interplay between coronary vasomotor dysfunction and the concomitance of coronary heart disease with other conditions, such as insulin resistance and heart failure, could foster the advancement of novel systemic treatments aimed at leveraging “complete revascularization” more effectively.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕТОДІВ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ТРУДОМІСТКОСТІ ТА ТЕРМІНІВ РОЗРОБКИ ІТ-ПРОЄКТІВ
Authors: КРАВЧУК Ольга , СИНЮК Наталія , КРАВЧУК Андрій
Published: May 2024

Стаття зосереджується на теоретичних і практичних аспектах й методах оцінювання трудомісткості та термінів розробки ІТ-проєктів. Особлива увага приділяється шляхам вибору комбінації підходів щодо ефективного удосконалення методів оцінювання трудомісткості та термінів розробки ІТ-проєктів. Застосування цих методів демонструється на прикладі конкретного ІТ-проєкту, що включає аналіз його ефективності за допомогою спеціфічних критеріїв. Результати дослідження підтверджують, що застосовуючи різні  методи оцінювання трудомісткості та термінів розробки ІТ-проєктів, можливо значно збільшити шанси на успіх проєкту та створити фундамент для майбутніх проєктів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ОБ’ЄДНАНЬ АГРАРНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА ТА ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗМУ Й ОЦІНКИ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ПРОДУКЦІЇ РОСЛИННИЦТВА
Authors: ВАСИЛИНА Орися , ПОПАДИНЕЦЬ Назарій , САДУРА Оксана , ПІТЮЛИЧ Михайло
Published: May 2024

На сучасному етапі розвитку аграрного сектору економіки нагальною є потреба у оптимізації управлінських форм, особливо у сфері рослинництва. З огляду на збільшення вимог ринків, як внутрішніх, так і глобальних, до продукції рослинництва, аграрним виробникам важливо не лише нарощувати обсяги виробництва, але й істотно покращувати якість, екологічність та конкурентноздатність своєї продукції. Водночас, процеси інтеграції аграрних виробників та створення їх об'єднань ще не отримали достатнього наукового освітлення, що викликає потребу у детальному аналізі та дослідженні цих явищ.
Метою статті є дослідження особливостей організації об’єднань аграрного виробництва та формування механізму й оцінки конкурентоспроможності продукції рослинництва.
Основну увагу в статті акцентовано на тому, важлива роль розвитку аграрного сектору припадає на рослинництво, а саме на ягідництво. Визначено основні особливості розвитку ягідництва, серед основних, які мають найбільший вплив на галузь це: природно-кліматичні умови, сезонність, специфіка вирощування тощо. Досліджено Складові планування виробничого процесу у об’єднаннях аграрного сектору в сучасних умовах. Визначено місце регіонів України у виробництві плодів і ягід. Наведено динаміку площ, урожайності, валового збору плодів і ягід за категоріями господарств України за 2019–2022 рр. і динаміку площ плодових і ягідних насаджень, їх закладання й вибуття в сільськогосподарських підприємствах України. Встановлено, що рівень продажів плодово-ягідної продукції різноманітного асортименту на внутрішньому ринку зумовлюється біологічними характеристиками плодових та ягідних культур різних порід і сортів, які культивуються у відмінних кліматичних умовах різних регіонів України.
Запропоновано складові формування механізму конкурентоспроможності продукції ягідництва в умовах сьогодення. Встановлено етапи оцінки конкурентоспроможності об’єднань аграрного сектору. Доведено, що для всебічної оцінки конкурентоспроможності аграрної продукції критично важливо обрати критерії, що відображають цілісний економічний потенціал аграрного підприємства, а також оцінюють ефективність використання цього потенціалу і результати як виробничої, так і комерційної діяльності.
Pelestarian Biodiversitas Buah Lokal dan Upaya Pelestariannya oleh Masyarakat di Kabupaten Kampar, Riau
Authors: Nurnatasya Nurnatasya , Titisari Prima W.
Published: May 2024

The biodiversity of fruiting plants that grow in various regions in Indonesia is a priceless wealth. Fruiting plants that grow in Indonesia and are planted by Indonesians are called local fruits. This study aimed to identify the types of local fruit that were used by the community and their conservation efforts. The research was conducted in 21 villages in Kampar district. The data was collected through FGDs with local community groups and interviewed with key informants such as village heads, traditional leaders, and community members who owned these local fruit trees. The results showed that there were 12 species of local fruit found in the sample area, namely: Copper Durian (Durio zibethinus L.), Tampui (Baccaurea macrocarpa), Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.), Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.), Kuwini (Mangifera odorata), Cempedak Hutan (Artocarpus integer), Kapulasan (Nephelium mutabile Blume.), Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.): (2 varieties, Kapulasan and Rambutan), Guava: Guava (Psidium guajava) and Guava Bol (Syzygium malaccense (L.) Meer): (2 varieties: guava and guava bol), Sawo Manila (Manilkara zapota), Rambai (Baccaurea motyryana Mull.Arg.), Breadfruit (Arthocarpus altilis Fosberg.), Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and Ciplukan (Physalis angulate L.). These fruits provided many benefits for the community, not only as a source of vitamins for the family, but also as an additional income for the family economy. Culturally, conservation efforts were carried out by the community replanting and maintaining these plants properly. For the process of plant propagation, the community built nurseries and provided fertilizer for plant nutrition, while the place for planting plants used land such as plantations and in the community's yard. 
Key words: fruit biodiversity; local fruits; conservation
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Kasar Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle) dan Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Sebagai Antimikroba Pada Daging Ayam Broiler Segar
Authors: Parhusip Adolf J.N. , Putridimara Sabrina A. , Kristianto Elin , Alfredo Alfredo , Fraulencia Jesseline
Published: May 2024

Green betel plants (Piper betle) and red betel plants (Piper crocatum) are plants that found in many parts of Indonesia which can be categorized as medicinal plants. This is due to the content contained in green and red betel leaves which has phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The research objective of this study was to utilize the extract of green betel leaf and red betel leaf by extracting ethanol FG 96% as an antimicrobial compound. There are 4 types of tested bacteria used in this study, they are Escherichia coli, Salmonella, S. aureus, and B. cereus. The extract concentrations used for the two types of leaf extract were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%. The sample used for TPC was a fresh broiler chickens, with immersion time for 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours. The total phenolic properties of the green and red betel leaf extracts were 2630.1 mg GAE/g and 6294.8 mg GAE/g, respectively. The total flavonoids possessed by the green and red betel leaf extract were 679.0 mg QE/g and 1662.9 mg QE/g, respectively. Both types of betel leaf extract can function as the best antimicrobial at a concentration of 20%. The bacteria that most resistant to green and red betel leaf extract is E. coli, and the bacteria that most sensitive to green and red betel leaf extract is S. aureus. The MIC and MBC values of Gram positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. cereus) were lower than the MIC and MBC values of Gram negative bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella).
Key words: Green betel leaves; red betel leaves; extracts; fresh broiler chicken.
Evaluasi Mutu Fisik dan Penentuan Nilai Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) Sediaan Lotion Ekstrak Etanol Daun Matoa (Pometia pinnata)
Authors: Bakri Nur F. , Ola Maria J.S , Pratiwi Rani D.
Published: May 2024

Indonesia has high sun exposure, and most people work outdoors, so they need skin protection. One plant with the potential as a sunscreen is matoa leaf (Pometia pinnata). This study aimed to determine the physical quality and the Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) value of matoa leaf ethanol extract lotion, which were analyzed in vitro. Physical quality evaluation included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, adhesion and spreadability, and SPF values obtained by the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Mansur Formula was used to calculate the SPF value. The results of the study showed FI (0.5%), FII (1%), and FIII (1.5%) obtained an average SPF value of 13.99 ± 1.45 (maximum protection), 22.27 ± 2.06 (ultra protection), 27.42 ± 0.54 (ultra protection). All formulas had good physical quality and had potential as sunscreens. 
Key words: lotion; matoa leaves; SPF; sunscreen
Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Introduced Red Devil Cichlid Amphilophus labiatus, in Lake Sentani, Indonesia
Authors: Ohee Henderite L. , Mote Norce , Rice Michael A. , Sujarta Puguh , Surbakti Suriani
Published: May 2024

Papua’s freshwater ecosystems in the western part of New Guinea have begun to record widespread introductions of invasive species over the past decade. This lake's most dominant and common exotic species is Amphilophus labiatus (Günther, 1864). A study was conducted to document the length-weight relationship and condition factor of these fish in Lake Sentani. From June to August 2019, fish were caught using floating gillnets at six locations around the lake. Total length (TL) (mm), body depth (mm), and body weight (grams) were measured, and condition factor based on gender, body weight, and body length were observed in 345 fish, including 264 males and 81 males. The growth pattern of A. labiatus is positively allometric, with b values ranging from 3.19 to 3. 20 and coefficients of determination (r2) ranging from 0.84 to 0.87. Although the average body length of A. labiatus males was shorter than females, condition factor (CF) values were not significantly different between the sexes and ranged from 0. 64 to 2.03 (0.97 ± 1.17, mean ± SD). For males, it went from 0.67 to 1.19 (0.94 ± 0.13 mean ± SD). However, monthly CF data show a significant decrease in CF in August, suggesting that spawning events occur in late July or early August. A. labiatus grows well and colonizes habitats throughout Lake Sentani.
Konservasi Kupu-Kupu Penting Sebagai Penyerbuk di Kampung Wisata Isyo Hills Rhepang Muaif Nimbokrang, Kabupaten Jayapura
Authors: Warikar Evie L. , Ramandey Euniche R.P.F. , Waisimon Alexandra
Published: May 2024

Butterflies are an important example of pollinating insects of the Order Lepidoptera. The presence of butterfly pollinating insects in nature is highly dependent or influenced by the availability of flowering plants visited in the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and abundance of butterfly pollinator in flowering plants. A direct survey method (visual) with a radius of ± 100-250 m² was done with scan sampling technique. Parameters measured were the abundance and the species richness of butterflies visited flowering plants as well as the species richness of flowering plants visited by butterflies pollinator. The data obtained were analyzed using the the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’). The results showed that at study sites in secondary forest habitats and yards, 25 species of butterfly pollinators were found consisting of 5 families with 308 individuals. Nine  species of flowering plants visited by butterfly pollinators. The Jatropha integerrima was the most visited by butterfly pollinators with 11 species, followed by Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Ixora coccinea (9 species), Clerodendron paniculatum (6 species), Mussaenda ralateensis (4 species), Bidens pilosa and Celosia argentea (3 species), Zinnia elegans visited by 2 species and Portulaca oleracea visited by 1 species of butterfly pollinators. Based on the calculation, the value of Shannon-Wiener index (H') is 2.946, which indicates that the level of diversity of butterfly pollinators in the medium category.
Analisis Status Gizi Anak Balita di Kota Jayapura
Authors: Rahayu Agnes S. , Mendrofa Hendry K. , Elieser Elieser , Sidabutar Astrina R.I. , Andoy Morris GJ. , Merrandan Novianto , Salakay Elisa N.H. , Mahu Grace F.P.H. , Iswanto Dais
Published: May 2024

This descriptive study investigates the nutritional status of toddlers at Tanjung Ria Health Center in 2023. It emphasizes the critical importance of proper nutrition during the toddler years, as this period significantly impacts physical, mental, and behavioral development. Factors such as environmental sanitation, parental employment, and education influence nutritional status. The study includes 471 toddlers from Tanjung Ria's Integrated Service Post program. Findings show that most toddlers exhibit normal/good nutritional status, with 51% being male and the majority aged 0-12 months. Anthropometric data reveals 77% normal weight/age, 83% normal height/age, and 79% good weight/height ratios. While most toddlers fare well, a minority exhibit poor or at-risk nutritional status.
Kajian Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) dan Pemanfaatannya Pada Udang Vannamei (Liptopenaeus vannamei) Segar
Authors: Sastiani Eka Z. , Murhadi Murhadi , Suharyono Suharyono , Sartika Dewi , Yuliana Neti
Published: May 2024

Vannamei shrimp (Liptopenaeus vannamei) is a prominent fishery commodity due to its high consumption demand. However, susceptibility to bacterial damage and quality deterioration poses challenges. This study investigates the antibacterial potential of sappan wood extract in preserving shrimp shelf life. The research explores optimal extraction parameters, including solvent type and maceration duration, to assess yield percentage and antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Utilizing a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) in two phases, the study identifies 90% ethanol solvent and 6 hours maceration (P4M6) as the most effective treatment, yielding 7.32%. The extract addition significantly reduces shrimp microbial count, highlighting its potential in food preservation.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa
Authors: Muhammad Guntur Maulana , Septian Ari , Sofa Mastika Insani
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan bukti empirik peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving lebih baik daripada siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran biasa, untuk mengetahui bagaimana sikap siswa terhadap model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving, dan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara sikap siswa dengan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Experimental. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII di MTs At-tarbiyah dengan sampel kelas eksperimen 24 siswa dan kelas kontrol 20 siswa, dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Kelas eksperimen menggunakan model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving dan kelas kontrol menggunakan modell pembelajaran biasa. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving lebih baik daripada siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran biasa, sikap siswa terhadap model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving positif, dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara sikap siswa dengan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis.
This research aims to get empirical evidence of enhancement of mathematical problem-solving ability when students use the Creative Problem Solving learning model better than students who use the ordinary learning model, to know how students’ attitudes toward the Creative Problem Solving learning model, and to know the correlation between students’ attitude and enhancement of mathematical problem-solving ability. The research method uses Quasi-Experimental with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this research are grade VIII students at MTs At-Tarbiyah, with a sample of, 24 students for the experimental class and 20 students for the control class determined by purposive sampling. The experimental class uses the Creative Problem Solving learning model and the control class uses the ordinary learning model. Based on the results and discussions, it can be concluded that the enhancement of the mathematical problem-solving ability of students who use the Creative problem-solving learning model better than students who use the ordinary learning model, students’ attitude toward Creative problem-solving learning model is positive, and there is no correlation between students’ attitudes and enhancement of mathematical problem-solving ability.
Konsep Operasi Bilangan Pecahan Melalui Garis Bilangan
Authors: Suwarto
Published: May 2024

Dalam pembelajaran operasi bilangan pecahan masalah yang sering timbul yaitu kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan operasi penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian dan pembagian. Tujuan dari penulisan makalah ini adalah; (1) memahami konsep pecahan menggunakan garis bilangan untuk, (2) memahami konsep operasi pecahan (penjumlahan pengurangan, perkalian dan pembagian menggunakan garis bilangan. Bilangan pecahan adalah bilangan yang berbentuk, untuk a, b merupakan bilangan bulat dan b ≠0. Metode yang digunakan adalah menyajikan bilangan pecahan dalan garis bilangan. Dengan pendekatan garis bilangan diharapkan dapat membantu para guru dalam merancang proses belajar mengajar pada materi pecahan.
In learning to operate fractions, the problem that often arises is the difficulty of students in completing the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations. The purpose of writing this paper is; (1) understand the concept of fractions using number lines, (2) to understand the concept of fraction operations (sum of subtraction, multiplication, and division using number lines. Fraction numbers are shaped numbers, for a, b is an integer, and b ≠ 0. is used to present fractions in the number line, with the number line approach expected to help teachers in designing the teaching and learning process in fraction material.