bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiological Study on Smoke and Smokeless Tobacco: A Concise Review on Health Impacts Assessment
Authors: Samaila B. , Shehu A. A , Bako A.
Published: January 2023

Smokers and users of smokeless tobacco are at risk for fatal illnesses. These could be brought on by the quantity of radioactive, carcinogenic, and harmful to living things, radioactive isotopes from the decay chain of uranium and thorium present. An extensive assessment of the health effects on users was deemed necessary due to the rising intake of both smoke and smokeless tobacco. Particularly, the use of smokeless tobacco has grown significantly as a result of its widespread availability and the false perception that it is less harmful than smoking. The epidemic of tobacco smoking in its many forms has been a serious worldwide health problem with far-reaching effects, and its myriad harmful effects on health have long been documented. In this study, radiological consequences of smoke and smokeless tobacco were researched in the literature for publications up to 2022. Research Gate, Pub Med, and Google Scholar are a few of the literature databases that were searched. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco-related diseases caused over 8 million deaths in 2017 alone, and if current trends continue, it predicts that this number would rise to about 1 billion in the 21st century. Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong link between tobacco use and debilitating diseases like cancer, insulin resistance, hypertension, acute respiratory sickness, osteoporosis, etc. Increasing amounts of evidence, albeit still sparse, point to its potential role in negatively influencing reproductive capacity and outcomes in women of reproductive age. This article offers a current assessment of the literature on the harmful effects of smoking and using smokeless tobacco on both male and female reproductive health as well as the detrimental impacts on the unborn child. Data now available points to a connection between chronic tobacco use and ovarian shape and function deterioration, oocyte quality, hormonal disruptions, fetal development, and long-term health impacts on the fetus, the risks of smoke and smokeless tobacco products may be better understood as a result of a greater understanding of these issues. Most of the collected data showed that smoke and smokeless tobacco both had increased radioactivity.
An Analysis of Multilevel Converter for Faster Current Control in a DC Micro grid with Extremely Low- Impedance Interconnections
Authors: Charan P. Naga Sai , Reddy K. Meenendranath
Published: January 2023

Improved power converter configurations and semiconductors innovation capable of driving the required power have emerged in response to the rising global need for energy. It is still a constant endeavour to create semiconductors with greater current or voltage power to propel high power systems. In this way, modern gadgets can handle high voltage or current with ease. Traditional high-voltage semiconductor-based power converter schemes face stiff opposition from innovative medium-voltage device-based alternatives. DC microgrids, with their very limited line impedance, are developing as the upcoming type of small-scale power transmission connections. Due to this phenomenon, even a little change in voltage can create significant currents in microgrids, making quick rapid reaction and accurate power flow regulation essential. In order to provide fast and precise power flow regulation in a dc microgrid, this research employs multi-level converters as the controllers. A multilevel converter allows for a compact output filter. In addition, the final LC filter of a MLC that satisfies a current ripple demand has been designed and is presented in this work. In comparison to traditional two-level converters, we were able to demonstrate that a multi-level converter with a more compact filter may provide high-speed & high-precision power flow regulation under low line impedance situations. Using the simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink, the overall performance of every output current is assessed in the system response, taking into account the transient variations in the power flow.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN PENGGUNAAN TANDA BACA DALAM PENULISAN LAPORAN OBSERVASI STANDAR EBI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 BAMBEL TAHUN 2021/2022
Authors: Lisa Indah  , Ati Rosmiati
Published: January 2023

This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe the use of punctuation errors in writing EBI Standard Reports for Grade VII students. The approach used is a qualitative descriptive approach. The research was carried out at SMP Negeri 1 Bambel with the research subjects being 11th grade students. The data in this study are errors in the use of punctuation marks in writing EBI Standards for Class VII Students. The forms of errors in the use of punctuation were found, namely omission. The results of this study indicate that based on 11 student writings that have been analyzed, the biggest error in the use of punctuation marks is the omission of periods and commas between elements in a detail with an indication of inaccuracy and ignorance of students in the use of punctuation marks.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS BIOGRAFI MELALUI TOKOH IDOLA OLEH SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 LAWE BULAN TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Nopita Panjaitan  , Ati Rosmiati
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the Improvement of Writing Skills..Biographical Texts..Through Idol Figures By Students..Class..X SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Month in the Academic Year 2021/2022. The population in this study were all students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Bulan in the 2021/2022 academic year, totaling 92 students, consisting of 4 classes. The sample in this study was 21 students, namely class X IPA 1 which was taken using a purposive sampling technique or determined sampling. Based on the results of the research and discussion that have been described in the previous chapter, it can be concluded that the Improvement of Biographical Text Writing Skills Through Idol Characters by Class X Students of SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Month in the 2021/2022 Academic Year. This is evident from the average value of the initial test of students' Biographical Text Writing Ability is 59.05 with a standard deviation of 8.41 and an increase in the final test result score with an average value of 80.24 with a standard deviation of 5.66. the student and if it is associated with the Indonesian KKM score for high school is 75, then the ability to write biographical texts for the final test of students is included in good ability. In addition, the observation value > ttable which is 9.35 > 2.08, thus from the results of testing the hypothesis above, it can be concluded that there is an increase in Biographical Text Writing Skills through Idol Figures by Class X Students of SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Month in the 2021/2022 Academic Year
PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN RESITASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MENULIS TEKS DEBAT KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 LAWE BULAN
Authors: Sani Sani  , James Marudut  , Irfan Johari
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the Recitation Learning Method on Students' Ability in Writing Debate Texts for Class X SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Bulan in the 2021/2022 academic year. The method used in the quantitative approach. The research approach in this thesis uses a quantitative research approach. the population in this study were all students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Bulan in the 2021/2022 academic year, totaling 92 students consisting of 4 classes. The sample in this study was 21 students, namely class X IPS 1, which was taken using a purposive sampling technique or determined sampling. As for the results of the research and discussion that have been described in Chapter IV, it can be concluded that the Application of the Recitation Learning Method as a Debate Text Writing Learning for Class X Students of SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Month in the 2021/2022 Academic Year. This is evident from the average value of the initial test of Learning Writing Debate Text for students, which is 55.71 with a standard deviation of 9.95 and an increase in the final test score with an average value of 80.48 with a standard deviation of 7.85. the student and if it is associated with the Indonesian KKM score for high school is 75, then the Debate Text Writing Learning for the final test of students is included in good ability. In addition, at the observation t value > t table which is 9.00 > 2.08, then from the results of testing the hypothesis above, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the application of the Recitation Learning Method as an Effort for Learning to Write Debate Texts in Class X SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Months Years Learning 2021/2022
ANALISIS KREATIVITAS MUSIKALISASI PUISI MELALUI MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING OLEH SISWA KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 1 DARUL HASANAH
Authors: Ardila Wahyuni  , Lusi Selvia Fitri  , Rekaza Akbar
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the results of poetry musical creativity through the STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions) cooperative learning model at SMA Negeri 1 Darul Hasanah. The method used is descriptive method taken from the type of qualitative research. The population in this study was the entire class XI totaling 35 students, while the sample in this study was class XI IPS which amounted to 10 students at SMA Negeri 1 Darul Hasanah. Data collection techniques include primary data consisting of performance, interviews, and observations, while secondary data is only documentation. The data analysis technique uses the arithmetic average formula to calculate the results of the performance and uses an assessment rubric, while the observation uses the percentage formula. The results of the research found in the field that the application of the cooperative learning model can provide quite good cooperation results even though some students are less willing to follow the directions of the teacher so that the results of their work are classified as poor. The results of the poetry musicalization which started with the preparations made by the students were good by preparing chord accompaniment instruments such as guitar and percussion including: two buckets and one aqua bottle filled with sand. Then the preparation of poetry readers is read by two people in turn and has prepared four singers to bring up the musicalization of their poetry which is sung in certain parts. The incubation process or the designing process is good because they have compiled the poem in advance along with the selection of the right song according to the title of the poem and the guitar music accompaniment is good, but the percussion pattern is still lacking but is covered by the ability of singers, poetry readers, and guitar players who are good at it. good. The process of special illumination for percussion is still lacking because their practice is not too serious so that the results shown from the journey of musical poetry are not good. However, the vocal players, both poetry readers and singers, still maintain their tune or pitch well so that they are slightly covered from mistakes made by percussionists. The verification stage that has been described previously can be concluded that the performance of the poetry musical has a poor tempo while the guitar accompaniment is quite good, but the vocals are good in conveying the interpretation so that holistically the work is quite good for a beginner.
Extemporaneously compounded liquid formulations of clofazimine
Authors: Taneja R. , Nahata M. C. , Scarim J. , Pande P. G. , Scarim A. , Hoddinott G. , Fourie C. L. , Jew R. K. , Schaaf H. S. , Hesseling A. C. , Garcia-Prats A. J.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Clofazimine (CFZ) is routinely used worldwide for the treatment of leprosy and TB. However, no liquid or dispersible tablet formulations of CFZ are currently available commercially for patients with challenges ingesting soft gelatin capsules or solid formulations.
The aim of this research was to develop stable extemporaneous liquid formulations of CFZ that can be stored at room temperature for several weeks to enable practical dosing in the field.METHODS: Two formulations were prepared in syrup and sugar-free vehicles with CFZ tablets using
a simple method that can be used in a routine pharmacy. Suspensions were stored at room temperature and at 30°C for 30 days. Formulation aliquots were tested on Days 0, 15 and 30 for appearance, pH, potency and microbial counts.RESULTS: Appearance remained unchanged during storage.
The pH of both formulations was between 4.0 and 6.0. Potency was between 90% and 110% for 30 days in the syrup formulation and for 15 days in the sugar-free formulation. Microbial counts met United States Pharmacopeia <1111> limits for oral aqueous liquids and specific organisms were
absent.CONCLUSIONS: A simple field-friendly method was successfully developed for the preparation of CFZ liquid formulations using commonly available ingredients. This will permit practical dosing and titration for children and other patients with swallowing challenges.
‘One Health´ approach to end zoonotic TB
Authors: Villa S. , Carugati M. , Rubach M. P. , Cleaveland S. , Mpagama S. G. , Khan S. S. , Mfinanga S. , Mmbaga B. T. , Crump J. A. , Raviglione M. C.
Published: January 2023

Mycobacterium bovis has a wide host range causing TB in animals, both in wildlife and cattle (bovine TB bTB), and in humans (zoonotic TB zTB). The real burden of bovine and zoonotic TB (b/zTB) remains unknown due to diagnostic challenges. Although progress has been made to reduce
the burden of TB, b/zTB has been neglected in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with little improvement in prevention, diagnosis or treatment. Using Tanzania as a case study, because of its high TB burden, large wildlife diversity and wide reliance on livestock, we developed an approach
to comprehensively estimate the burden and implement multidisciplinary actions against b/zTB. We performed a review of the literature on b/zTB, but there is a lack of available data on the b/zTB burden in Tanzania and, notably, on epidemiological indicators other than incidence. We propose
a five-action programme to address b/zTB in Tanzania, and we believe our proposed approach could benefit other LMICs as it operates by implementing and strengthening surveillance and health delivery. The resulting knowledge and system organisation could further prevent and mitigate the effects
of such conditions on human and animal health, livestock production, population livelihood and the economy.
The impact of time at home on potential yield of home-based TB contact investigation
Authors: Paudel K. , Nalutaaya A. , Robsky K. O. , Kitonsa P. J. , Nakasolya O. , Mukiibi J. , Isooba D. , Kendall E. A. , Katamba A. , Dowdy D.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: The yield of TB contact tracing is often limited by challenges in reaching individuals during the screening process. We investigated the times at which index patients and household contacts were typically at home and the potential effects of expanding the timing of
home-based contact investigation.METHODS: Index patients and household contacts in Kampala, Uganda, were asked about their likely availability at different day/time combinations. We calculated the “participant identification gap” (defined as the proportion of participants
who reported being home <50% of the time) during business hours only. We then estimated the incremental reduction in the participant identification gap if hours were expanded to include weekday evenings, Saturdays, and Sundays. Statistical significance was assessed using McNemar´s
tests.RESULTS: Nearly half of eligible individuals (42% of index patients and 52% of contacts) were not likely to be home during contact investigation conducted only during business hours. Expanding to weekday evenings, Saturdays, and Sundays would reduce this participant identification
gap to 15% among index patients and 18% among contacts – while also reducing differences by sex and employment.CONCLUSIONS: Expanding hours for conducting contact investigation or other home-based health interventions could substantially reduce the number of individuals missed
and address disparities in access to care.
Literature Highlights
Authors: Felker I. , Tiberi S. , Graham S. , Blackbourn H. D.
Published: January 2023

Literature Highlights is a digest of notable papers recently published in the leading respiratory journals. Coverage includes clinical trials of a new vaccine for COVID-19; phase 3 trials of two shorter regimen for drug-resistant TB; evaluation of early diagnosis and treatment of TB
in children; understanding the costs of TB services; use of digital eHealth for TB care; a review of the diagnostic accuracy of different molecular assays for TB in children.
Infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana: prevalencia, complicaciones y diagnóstico.
Authors: Parrales Moreira Yusmerli Elizabeth , Pilligua Choez Luis Joel , Castrol Jalca Alexander Dario
Published: January 2023

El virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana continúa siendo un problema de salud pública mundial, cuando una persona se infecta, el virus ataca y debilita el sistema inmunológico haciendo que la persona corre el riesgo de contraer infecciones y cáncer potencialmente mortales. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: prevalencia, complicaciones y diagnóstico. Se realizó un diseño documental narrativo de tipo descriptivo. la muestra consistió en la búsqueda sistemática de artículos y publicaciones de carácter científico relacionadas con el tema de estudio, en bases de datos como: Google Académico, Medigraphic, Scielo, Redalyc, PubMed, Medline, utilizando los siguientes términos MeSH: “infección”, “vih”, “prevalencia”, “complicaciones”, “diagnóstico”. Se incluyeron artículos en español, inglés. Los resultados evidenciaron que existe un porcentaje considerable de prevalencia en la actualidad a nivel mundial 38,4 millones de personas vivían con el VIH en 2021, y a nivel nacional en Ecuador se da una mayor prevalencia en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres 16,5% en Quito y 11,2% en Guayaquil, y mujeres transfemeninas 34,8% en Quito y 20,7% en Guayaquil. Las complicaciones que más se presentaron fueron: enfermedades cardiovasculares, gastrointestinales, condiciones psiquiátricas, neurológicas, desordenes neurocognitivos, y otros factores relacionados con el sistema inmunológico. Las pruebas diagnósticas más utilizadas: enzimoinmunoanálisis, PCR de transcripción inversa, western-blot, antígeno p24 y detección de carga viral. Se evidenció que este virus es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en el mundo ya que al no existir una cura el estado de salud se deteriora causando la muerte.
EXPANSION OF LANGUAGE AND AFFILIATION
Authors: Sadia Kanwal  , Dr Abid Hussain Sial
Published: January 2023

Language is connected to the speaker and words are part of public speaking. The speakers of these words have no idea of their linguistic history. With the passage of time, the forms, appearances, spellings, and meanings of the word change. Old words become absolute and new words are added to the language. The Descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the data. The proposed research article enlightens the concept of language growth and one of its practical cases affixation. Affixation is assessed in two ways; inflectional affixation and derivational affixation. Affixation, which is the process of word formation, has four ways of forming words including prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and circumfixes.
El Documento de Referencia Sectorial para el Turismo en el Sistema Comunitario de Gestión y Auditoría Medioambiental (EMAS)
Authors: Santamaría Arinas René Javier
Published: January 2023

Alojamientos turísticos y campings pueden acogerse desde hace años al sistema de etiqueta ecológica europea. También pueden, junto con el resto de los proveedores de servicios turísticos, adherirse al sistema comunitario de gestión y auditoría medioambiental (EMAS). Pero en el marco de este último acaba de aparecer el Documento de Referencia Sectorial para el turismo, aprobado por la Decisión (UE) 2016/611 de la Comisión, de 15 de abril de 2016; un documento que este trabajo se propone glosar destacando las principales novedades que, desde un punto de vista estrictamente jurídico, a primera vista suscita.
Pediatría General Tomo 2
Authors: Araujo Acuña Priscila Adriana , Flores Tapia Daniela Alejandra , Idrobo Gutiérrez María Angélica , Gutiérrez Sánchez María Gabriela , Ponce Alvarado Priscila Herminia , Guevara Gavilánez Daniela Alejandra
Published: January 2023

Es un libro que se enfoca en proporcionar información detallada y actualizada sobre el cuidado de la salud infantil. El libro es especialmente útil para pediatras, residentes en pediatría y otros profesionales de la salud que trabajan con niños y buscan actualizar sus conocimientos en esta área. Incluye capítulos sobre una variedad de temas, como el desarrollo infantil, las enfermedades infantiles comunes, el manejo de emergencias pediátricas, entre otros. El libro está escrito por expertos en el campo y está ilustrado con imágenes y gráficos para una mejor comprensión. En resumen, es un libro de referencia valioso para los profesionales de la salud interesados en el cuidado de la salud infantil.
Traumatología y Ortopedia Generalidades Vol. 3
Authors: González Fuenmayor Marco Antonio , Orozco Coello Sebastian David , Falconi Paz y Miño Alejandra Carolina , Pruna Vera Lisbeth Juliana , Robles Ruales Paola Andrea
Published: January 2023

Es un libro que se enfoca en proporcionar información detallada y actualizada sobre el tratamiento de lesiones y enfermedades del sistema musculoesquelético. El libro es especialmente útil para ortopedistas, cirujanos, fisiatras y otros profesionales de la salud que trabajan con pacientes con lesiones y enfermedades del sistema musculoesquelético y buscan actualizar sus conocimientos en esta área. Incluye capítulos sobre una variedad de temas, como el tratamiento de lesiones deportivas, lesiones de columna vertebral, enfermedades artrósicas, entre otros. El libro está escrito por expertos en el campo y está ilustrado con imágenes y gráficos para una mejor comprensión. En resumen, es un libro de referencia valioso para los profesionales de la salud interesados en el tratamiento de lesiones y enfermedades del sistema musculoesquelético.
Actualización en Dermatología Tomo 5
Authors: San Lucas Guadalupe Andrea Katherine , Valencia Quintanilla Alexandra Pamela , Limones Espín Diana Mercedes , Salcedo Faytong Yolanda Inés , Mejía Vásconez Santiago Israel
Published: January 2023

Es un libro que se enfoca en proporcionar información detallada y actualizada sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades de la piel. El libro es especialmente útil para dermatólogos, residentes de dermatología, médicos de familia y otros profesionales de la salud que trabajan con pacientes con problemas de piel y buscan actualizar sus conocimientos en esta área. Incluye capítulos sobre una variedad de temas, como enfermedades inflamatorias de la piel, cáncer de piel, trastornos pigmentarios, entre otros. El libro está escrito por expertos en el campo y está ilustrado con imágenes y gráficos para una mejor comprensión. En resumen, es un libro de referencia valioso para los profesionales de la salud interesados en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades de la piel.
Principios de Anestesiología Tomo 2
Authors: Delgado Rengifo Andrea Nahomy , Arévalo Aucay Edison Humberto , Saldarriaga Quituizaca Junior Antonio , Ruiz Chavez Daniel Alejandro , Pilataxi Arcentales Yadira Abigail , Sánchez Ami Segundo Eduardo , Flores Laguas Estefanía Elizabeth , Luzón Carrión Daniel Alejandro , Delgado Rengifo Andrea Nahomy , Arévalo Aucay Edison Humberto
Published: January 2023

Es un libro que se enfoca en proporcionar información detallada y actualizada sobre el manejo de pacientes durante y después de procedimientos quirúrgicos y procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos que requieren anestesia. El libro es especialmente útil para anestesiólogos, residentes de anestesiología y otros profesionales de la salud que trabajan con pacientes en procedimientos quirúrgicos y buscan actualizar sus conocimientos en esta área. Incluye capítulos sobre una variedad de temas, como el manejo de pacientes en riesgo, la monitorización de pacientes durante la anestesia, diferentes tipos de anestesia, entre otros. El libro está escrito por expertos en el campo y está ilustrado con imágenes y gráficos para una mejor comprensión. En resumen, es un libro de referencia valioso para los profesionales de la salud interesados en el manejo de pacientes en procedimientos quirúrgicos y procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos que requieren anestesia.
ANALISIS KALIUM IODAT (KIO3) DALAM GARAM DAPUR PRODUKSI KUALA BAU ACEH SELATAN
Authors: Adriani Azmalina , Fauziah  , Ria Ranti Sri
Published: January 2023

Dalam garam dapur harus terdapat Kalium Iodat (KIO3) yang merupakan iodium dalam garam yang sangat penting untuk sintesa hormon tiroid. Garam biasa digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan yang mengandung mineral untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya kalium iodat dalam garam dapur serta menentukan kadar KIO3 dalam garam dapur produksi Kuala Bau Aceh Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Banda Aceh. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara uji kualitatif dengan reaksi warna dan uji kuantitatif pada 4 sampel dengan metode Iodometri. Pengambilan sampel secara total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat sampel garam yang di analisa positif mengandung KIO3 dengan kadar rata-rata kalium iodat KIO3 dalam sampel garam A yaitu 37,65 ppm, garam B 35.37 ppm, garam C 35.23 ppm dan garam D 36.56. Dari hasil analisis keempat garam tersebut memenuhi syarat yang telah ditentukan oleh SNI 01-3556-2016 yaitu  30-80 ppm.
Kata kunci : Garam, Iodometri, Kalium Iodat (KIO3)
COVID-19 : SITUATION EN BELGIQUE
Authors: MINGUET C
Published: January 2023

Fin janvier 2020, on pouvait lire sur le site internet d’information mis en place par le gouvernement : « Les autorités sanitaires belges sont vigilantes et suivent de près la situation en Chine. Notre pays dispose de très bonnes procédures pour le dépistage du coronavirus. Les hôpitaux et les médecins généralistes savent comment reconnaître le coronavirus et comment le gérer »1. Le premier cas belge est annoncé le 4 février. Le 18 février, les Cercles des médecins généralistes (MG) francophones et les syndicats médicaux envoient un courrier aux ministres de la Santé (il y a en Belgique 9 ministres de la Santé pour les 6 gouvernements : fédéral, communautaires, régionaux) pour attirer leur attention et proposer un plan pour l’implication des médecins généralistes2. Le 5 mars, le Collège de médecine générale (CMG), structure faîtière des organisations francophones de médecine générale incluant les départements universitaires, les syndicats et les associations de médecine générale, adresse une « lettre ouverte à la médecine générale », se positionnant comme porte-parole de la profession pour la fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles.
PRISE EN CHARGE EN SOINS PRIMAIRES DES MINEURS NON ACCOMPAGNES EN COURS D'EVALUATION AUPRES DE L'AIDE SOCIALE A L'ENFANCE
Authors: VAN DE STEEG F , PERSUANNE V , COLOMBANI H , ROSSIGNOL L
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Le nombre de mineurs non accompagnés (MNA) était en constante augmentation jusqu’en 2019. La prise en charge médicale et sociale des MNA dans la première année d’arrivée sur le territoire est primordiale. Leur statut juridique est souvent compliqué et rend difficile leur accès aux soins. Objectif. Décrire le parcours de soins et l’état de santé des MNA en cours d’évaluation par l’aide sociale à l’enfance (ASE). Méthode. Étude rétrospective descriptive à partir des dossiers médicaux des MNA en cours d’évaluation par l’ASE ayant consulté au moins une fois le service de santé de la ville de Nanterre en 2019. Résultats. En 2019, 317 MNA ont consulté. Les MNA étaient très majoritairement des hommes (94 %). Parmi eux, 10 % présentaient une hépatite B et 7 % des troubles psychologiques. La notion de violence lors du parcours migratoire a été retrouvée dans 10 % des dossiers. Le statut vaccinal était à jour chez 2 % des MNA et 37 % ont été vaccinés au cours de leur suivi médical. Conclusion. La prévalence élevée de certaines maladies, comme l’hépatite B, et la faible couverture vaccinale sont des éléments importants dans la prise en charge des MNA. L’étude a mis en lumière la fragilité des MNA et la nécessité d’une prise en charge médico-psycho-sociale complète et rapide dès leur arrivée en France.
Pembelajaran Menulis Cerita Pendek Menggunakan Aplikasi Wattpad
Authors: Ningrum Dwi Maula Fitri , Ristiyani Ristiyani , Roysa Mila
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas siswa dalam menulis cerita pendek menggunakan aplikasi Wattpad di SMA 1 Mejobo. Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang semakin pesat terutama di bidang pendidikan  memiliki peranan penting dalam menarik minat belajar siswa khususnya pembelajaran menulis cerita pendek. Peneliti menggunakan media Wattpad pada saat pembelajaran menulis cerita pendek untuk merangsang kreatifitas, minat menulis siswa dan untuk melihat kemampuan menulis teks cerita pendek. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA1 SMA N 1 Mejobo dan objeknya adalah cerita pendek yang ditulis siswa dengan menggunakan aplikasi Wattpad. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Sampel penelitian yang diambil yaitu siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 di SMA N 1 Mejobo.
Fakta Kemanusiaan dalam Novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk Karya Ahmad Tohari Kajian Strukturalisme Genetik Lucien Goldmann
Authors: Kamila Arum , Fathurohman Irfai , Kanzunnudin Mohammad
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini akan menganalisis novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk karya Ahmad Tohari dari segi fakta kemanusiaan. Berdasarkan tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini akan terfokus pada dua rumusan masalah bagaimana fakta kemanusiaan yang terdapat dalam novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk karya Ahmad Tohari? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan yaitu fakta kemanusiaan yang terdapat dalam novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk Karya Ahmad Tohari dibagi menjadi dua yaitu fakta individual dan fakt sosial. Fakta individual terliht dalam diri Rasus. Bahwa pada tingkah gilanya yang menganggap Srintil adalah Emaknya. Fakta sosial yang ada pada Novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk adalah mengenai politika seksualitas.
Manifiesto Eikasía
Authors: Eikasía Grupo , Hidalgo Tuñón Alberto , Pérez Herranz Fernando Miguel , Sánchez Corredera Silverio , Sánchez Ortiz de Urbina Ricardo , García-Rovés Marcos , García Fernández Román
Published: January 2023

Conviene subrayar en la época de la ciencia, cuando las prácticas más aberrantes y las especulaciones más desaforadas compiten por arrogarse el título de ciencias, que la filosofía no es una ciencia, ni necesita serlo para ejercer sus funciones críticas. No obstante, mantiene una relación íntima y constante con las ciencias desde sus orígenes hasta nuestros días (relación histórica), utiliza el mismo instrumento metodológico, la razón crítica (relación metódica) y recorre el mismo ámbito de la experiencia cognoscitiva humana (relación sistemática).

En ese sentido, la filosofía no se arredra ante el discurso postmoderno de la deslegitimación —Lyotard, Baudrillard, Vattimo, etc.—. Aunque las soluciones filosóficas son legitimadoras, no se reducen a mera ideología, ni tecnocrática ni progresista.
identidad cultural como factor de exclusión social
Authors: Hidalgo Tuñón Alberto
Published: January 2023

Es obligatorio comenzar reconociendo que la «identidad» es una palabra inevitable. Pero es que, nos guste o no nos guste, se ha puesto de moda la «búsqueda de la identidad» y su reafirmación como una suerte de propiedad esencial, en la que anida el alma o el genio de los pueblos. Está bien que se critique ese esencialismo identitario (y yo lo haré también con herramientas filosóficas), que se recuerde la naturaleza contingente de toda identificación, la historia cambiante que hace de toda identidad un proceso, una realidad en perpetuo movimiento. Es cierto que este asunto se suele abordar en el marco de la globalización contra cuya supuesta uniformización y homogeneidad han surgido las respuestas identitarias de tipo étnico y cultural o la reafirmación de nacionalismos identitarios. Pero aquí no intentamos plantearlo en el abstracto plano de la geopolítica, sino en el muy concreto de la convivencia social.
Educación, desarrollo, integración: es tiempo de acción
Authors: Mayor Zaragoza Federico
Published: January 2023

La educación es necesaria para «dirigir con sentido la propia vida», para ser capaces de construir en tanto que ciudadanos una democracia genuina a escala local y global (Naciones Unidas), guiada por valores universales (Derechos Humanos). Asimismo, es necesario un desarrollo integral (social y económico), endógeno (capacitación), sostenible (respetuoso con la naturaleza) y, sobre todo, orientado por bases éticas y solidarias de cooperación internacional muy distintas de las de la economía de mercado. Es apremiante, como «deber global», llevar a la práctica los 8 Objetivos del Milenio, comenzando por la erradicación de la pobreza y del hambre. La miseria y la exclusión son un caldo de cultivo de donde se derivan flujos migratorios de desesperados, donde la frustración y la radicalización conducen a la tentación del uso de la fuerza: la violencia nunca puede justificarse pero debemos intentar explicarla. Contamos ya con la mayoría de los diagnósticos correctamente realizados. Los tratamientos, muchos de los cuales también ya conocemos, no deben aplazarse. Es una cuestión de voluntad política.
Analisis Kandungan Mineral Pasir Pantai Tanjung Pasir Kota Tangerang Menggunakan Difraksi Sinar-X
Authors: Ellysa Ellysa , Pranata Andi Asnur , Handayani Tri , Suprapto Heri , Andayani Relly , Wulan Asri
Published: January 2023

Identifikasi kandungan mineral pada tanah merupakan hal yang sangat penting agar dapat mengetahui sifat tanah. Salah satu teknik untuk mengetahui mineral yang terkandung pada tanah dapat dilakukan dengan mengunakan alat X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Tanah pasir merupakan tanah yang tersebar cukup banyak di wilayah Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan mineral Tanah pasir pantai Tanjung Pasir. Sampel tanah pasir pantai Tanjung Pasir diambil pada titik pengambilan sampel yang terletak pada 6o00’54,5”S; 106o40’51,5”E. Uji kandungan mineral dilakukan setelah uji sifat fisik tanah berupa uji kadar air tanah dan uji gradasi saringan. Kandungan mineral pada sampel tanah di uji di Pusat Teknologi Bahan Industri Nuklir - BATAN (Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional) yang berlokasi di Serpong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan mineral dalam tanah pasir pantai Tanjung Pasir dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanah pasir tersebut mengandung Magnetite (Fe2+Fe3+2O4) sebesar 62,1 % dan kandungan mineral Quartz (SiO2) sebesar 37,9 %.
Vorstandspflichten bei verbandsinternen Untersuchungen
Authors: Glombik Melanie Alina
Published: January 2023

Corporate internal investigations are of considerable relevance for the detection of company-related criminal offenses. Their implementation is the responsibility of the Board of Management. Up to now, there have been no legal regulations regarding the structure and legal consequences of such investigations. The paper critically examines the effects of a draft codification concerning internal investigations on the duties of the board of directors. In doing so, the existing codifications in U.S. law are examined and a modified regulation proposal is submitted.
Arzneimittelversandhandel und Gesundheitsschutz im Binnenmarkt
Authors: Butz Leo
Published: January 2023

Mail-order pharmacies from other EU Member States have been trying to gain a foothold in the German market for years. At the same time the number of retail pharmacies in Germany continues to decline. Ever since the application of pharmaceutical price fixing to mail-order pharmacies was declared unlawful, German politicians have discussed a ban on mail-order trade of prescription medicines.

The book addresses the question whether such a ban is permissible under EU law. For this purpose, it examines the grounds of review in the case law of the European Court of Justice. The analysis reveals how the Court has tightened the proportionality control of national health policies by focusing its review on the underlying facts.
Namens- und Kennzeichenschutz für Immobilien
Authors: Bernhardt Johannes
Published: January 2023

Today, hardly any real estate project is marketed without having its own name. However, the legal protection of real estate designations has been discussed only sporadically within jurisprudence and legal literature. The present work fills this gap. Following the introductory illustration of the significance of real estate designations from the perspective of the real estate industry, the legal possibilities of a protection of real estate names are discussed. In addition to the possible protection of a real estate designations as trademarks, company names and work titles, the protection of real estate names under the German Civil Code as well as the requirements for such protection are in the center of the analysis.
Identification of NativeDendrobiumBased on Morphological and Anatomical Characters in Liwa Botanical Garden
Authors: Mahfut
Published: January 2023

Orchid is the most popular ornamental plant. One of the many orchid genus collected and known to have high morphological variations in the Liwa Botanical Garden is Dendrobium. But until now many collections have not been identified. This study aims to determine variations and identification of Dendrobium based on characters of morphological and stomata anatomical at Liwa Botanical Garden. Total collections of five Dendrobium accessions were namely CAT140, CAT 144, CAT 271, CAT 274, and IR015. The result showed leaf organs had high variations based on observation of 11 morphological characters. The phenetic relationship showed five accessions of Dendrobium can be classified into 2 main groups formed with a similarity index value of 0.813 based on the Gower similarity value and the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method. Meanwhile, the results of the observation of 9 anatomical characters on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves showed accessions IR015, CAT 140, and CAT 274 have stomata only on the lower surface, while CAT 144 has stomata on the upper and lower surfaces. The results of this study are expected to provide basic information in identifying natural orchids and conservation efforts in Liwa Botanical Garden.
Phytochemical Contents of Essential Oils from Cymbopogon Species: A Tropical Medicinal Plant
Authors: Ikhiwili Oniha Margaret , Frank Ahuekwe Eze , Oluwatobi Akinpelu Sharon
Published: January 2023

Natural resources especially medicinal plants possess the potentials to sustain all existence on earth. Cymbopogon, a globally cultivated herb, possesses high contents of diverse essential oils for medicinal and economic purposes including treatment of malaria and candidiasis. Notable species include Cymbopogon citratus and C. flexosus having citral as the main chemical compound. Numerous compounds of these species include limonene, citronella, geranyl acetic derivatives, elemol, among others. Phytochemical analysis of these essential oils is usually done by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method sequel to obtaining them through solvent extraction, hydrodistillation, supercritical CO2 extraction, chromatography among others. Although the supercritical CO2 extraction method gives greater quality yields void of toxic wastes with preserved thermal stability compared with other methods, its high-working pressure generates issues of safety risks and costs. Quantitative determination is done using spectrophotometric, chromatographic, and Folin-Ciocalteu methods. In comparison with other chromatographic techniques employed, gas chromatography exhibits greater efficiency by quantifying and determining the presence of various components at low concentrations. This prominently economical plant with potent ethnobotanical benefits hinged on the essential oils phytochemicals is faced with diverse extraction challenges; thus, improvement in the extraction and quantification techniques is key to the harvest of pure yields of lemon grass essential oils.
Molecular Docking in the Study of Ligand-Protein Recognition: An Overview
Authors: Azad Iqbal
Published: January 2023

Molecular docking is a bioinformatics-based theoretical simulation strategy. It is employed to study ligand-protein interaction profiles and predict their binding conformers and affinity through computational tools. Since the 1980s, computational tools have been used in the drug discovery process. The initial molecular modeling approaches available at the time focused on a rigid view of the ligand-protein interaction due to the limited computational capabilities. The advancement of hardware technology has made it possible to simulate the dynamic character of the ligand-protein interactions throughout time. The current chapter deals with an outline of the progression of structure-based drug discovery methodologies in the investigation of the ligand-protein interaction profiles from static to improved molecular docking strategies.
Modeling a Petrochemical Unit with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
Authors: Akbar Shafaati , Hamidreza Pourazad
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this chapter is to model a petrochemical unit by neural networks to estimate the product flow rate of the plant by it. Multilayer perceptron and RBF neural networks have been used in this work, and finally, the outputs of both types of networks have been compared to choose the more accurate network. The same data have been used for training and modeling both networks. The data used for this modeling have been collected by measuring the flow rate of input materials and output products from the plant in ton per day. Table 1 shows the input materials and products.
Analysis of the Behavior of Plasma Concentrations of Tacrolimus in Adult Patients with Liver Transplantation: Adverse Reactions and Drug Interactions and Their Relevance to Patient Safety
Authors: Fornari Victoria , Fajreldines Ana , Pellizzari Marcelo
Published: January 2023

Organ transplantation is a medical treatment often used to restore the function of vital organs. Tacrolimus is one of the most widely used drugs in the immunosuppressive treatment of liver transplants. Aims: To analyze plasma concentrations of tacrolimus in adult liver transplant patients and to characterize adverse effects and drug interactions. Design: retrospective observational studies. The study included 32 patients, of whom 22 were male and 10 female. The average values and range of tacrolimus obtained showed a mean of 8.7 SD 3.2. Low values were found in seventy-five cases, with a percentage of 54.8%. The values within the expected had a frequency of fifty-three times with a percentage of 38.7%. Finally, the frequency of high values was nine times with a percentage of 6.5%. A total of 36 RAM types were found. It was determined that the majority of the ADRs were of moderate damage (13) of 46.4%, while 39.3% of the ADRs were of slight damage (11), 14.3% were of severe damage (4) and no ADR was incidental. Clinically relevant drug interactions in this group of patients were 16.7% contraindicated, 16.7% adjustments based on close follow-up, and 66.6% use with routine follow-up. Similar to the interactions present in the 2013 EMA data sheet. Plasma tacrolimus concentrations are within the range of 38.7% in male patients and 40.8% in female patients. 61.3% of male patients and 59.2% of female patients do not reach the expected tacrolimus plasma levels of 8.0−11.0 ng/ml, similar to those presented in the 2009 FDA data sheet. There were 220 ADRs in this sample of 32 liver transplant patients.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and the Significance of High-Density Lipoprotein as a Molecular Modifier
Authors: Kalle Kwaifa Ibrahim , S. Mainasara Abdullahi , Lawal Jidda Muhammad , Mohammad Amin Amrina , Abdullahi Garba , Ladan Faruku , Danyaro Maryam
Published: January 2023

The pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be identified by modifications in lifestyle, diet and inflammation, all of which have significant implications for the severity of the clinicopathologic outcome of the disease. Prolonged accumulation of hepatic lipid may result in hepatic dysfunction, inflammation and advanced forms of NAFLD. NAFLD describes the presence of hepatic steatosis in the absence of alcohol use and other causes of liver disease. It covers a broad spectrum of hepatic histopathological alterations, from a non-inflammatory intracellular accumulation of fat to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous evidence has shown that NAFLD is associated with a range of metabolic syndromes, including obesity, hyperlipidaemia, insulin resistance and diabetes. Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis are more common in people with NAFLD, which is partly associated with hyperlipidaemia and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. The ability of HDL to facilitate cholesterol efflux, as determined by cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), has been linked to its hepatoprotective functions in the body. Findings have demonstrated that NAFLD patients have suppressed HDL CEC. This chapter summarizes the molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis involved in NAFLD. The role of HDL as a molecular modulator of NAFLD, clinical implications and the therapeutic targets to prevent NAFLD have also been discussed.
Artificial Intelligence at the Service of Medical Imaging in the Detection of Breast Tumors
Authors: Boubacar Goga Alio
Published: January 2023

Artificial intelligence is currently capable of imitating clinical reasoning in order to make a diagnosis, in particular that of breast cancer. This is possible, thanks to the exponential increase in medical images. Indeed, artificial intelligence systems are used to assist doctors and not replace them. Breast cancer is a cancerous tumor that can invade and destroy nearby tissue. Therefore, early and reliable detection of this disease is a great asset for the medical field. Some people use medical imaging techniques to diagnose this disease. Given the drawbacks of these techniques, diagnostic errors of doctors related to fatigue or inexperience, this work consists of showing how artificial intelligence methods, in particular artificial neural networks (ANN), deep learning (DL), support vector machines (SVM), expert systems, fuzzy logic can be applied on breast imaging, with the aim of improving the detection of this global scourge. Finally, the proposed system is composed of two (2) essential steps: the tumor detection phase and the diagnostic phase allowing the latter to decide whether the tumor is benign or malignant.
Virulence Factors of Chlamydia Spp. Involving Human Infections
Authors: Xaplanteri Panagiota , Rodis Nikiforos , Potsios Charalampos
Published: January 2023

Chlamydia spp. are the culprit of many human infections with severe complications, especially involving human eye, reproductive system, and lungs. The scope of the project is to delineate the virulence factors of the bacterium that facilitate invasion in human tissues, their mechanism of action, the ability to hide from immune system and the complications of infection. Chlamydia spp. are obligate intracellular pathogens that in their evolution, they use multiple mechanisms to enter host cell, to form the inclusion body, and to promote intracellular replication and survival. The T3SS effectors, the inclusion membrane proteins (Incs), are not only structural components of the membrane but also interfere with the host cell pathways. They also have an atypical mechanism of cell division. Description of the mechanisms of pathogenicity may lead to the development of new ways to face this major pathogen.