bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head using prevascularized bone tissues constructed with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: ren qiang , Chai Miaomiao , Chen Kaijia , Yuzhe GUO , Yan ZHOU , Ning CAO , Yu Chenxi
Published: August 2023

Background：
Studies have shown that osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH)is related to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell injury and microvascular injury. Early ONFH patients can choose core decompression and other treatments, but the clinical effect is poor. In recent years, tissue engineering technology based on mesenchymal stem cells is a new method to treat ONFH. In addition, whether the transplantation area is fully vascularized also affects whether the mesenchymal stem cells can play a repair role. In this study, we constructed prevascularized bone tissue based on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells to evaluate the therapeutic effect of prevascularized bone tissue on ONFH.
Objective:
This paper is to investigate the effect of pre-vascularized bone tissue constructed by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells on bone repair of necrotic femoral head, so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of necrotic femoral head.
Methods:
The rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups, of which, 1 group was not given any intervention, while rabbit femoral head necrosis models were prepared for the other 4 groups by microwave heating method and they are respectively named mould-making group, static bone tissue group, dynamic bone tissue group and pre-vascularized bone tissue group according to the different substances injected into the femoral head. Various tests, including MRI, Micro-CT, HE staining and immunofluorescence staining, were performed after the animals were executed 8 weeks after treatment to assess the osteogenic ability of the implant and the repair effect of necrotic femoral head.
Results:
Various tests showed that the pre-vascularized bone tissue group had better ability to promote necrotic femoral head repair, and significant new bone formation and bone quality improvement occurred 8 weeks after surgery. The static bone tissue group and dynamic bone tissue group were similar in their ability to promote femoral head repair, with all the three groups outperforming the modeled group.
Conclusions:
The pre-vascularized bone tissue has a good effect on promoting the reconstruction of necrotic femoral head and shows superior osteogenesis, angiogenesis and bone repair effect. It is thus a good graft material for repairing necrotic femoral head and is of great value in the treatment of necrotic femoral head.
Clinical characteristics and relevant factor analysis in super-aged COVID-19 patients
Authors: Xiaorong MA , Tian Zheng , guliru aresilan , rukeyamu abudu shalamu , Jianfeng Zhang , Bin Dai
Published: August 2023

Objective
To explore the clinical characteristics and analyze the relevant factors of super-aged patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods
Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, imaging data, treatments, and outcomes of 366 aged patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with COVID-19 hospitalized and treated at the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between August 2022 and December 2022 were collected.
Results
This study include a total of 235 males (64.2%) and 131 females (35.8%), with an average age of 88.7 ± 1.8 years. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) were higher and the lymphocyte count was lower in severe patients compared to mild patients. Serum albumin (ALB), prealbumin, hemoglobin (Hb), the nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) score, the Padua score, and the activities of daily living (ADL) score were substantially lower in severe patients compared to mild patients. Age, Hb level, and ADL score were linked with the progression to severe COVID-19. The vaccination percentage was much lower in severe patients than in mild patients, and the use of antibiotics and mechanical ventilation through tracheal intubation was considerably higher in severe patients than in mild patients.
Conclusion
Super-aged COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, chronic pulmonary diseases, or chronic renal diseases had a higher risk of progression to severe pneumonia,lung CT scanning showed more severe manifestations, and the risk of complications including mixed infection, malnutrition, and mechanical ventilation through tracheal intubation was higher. The vaccination percentage was low among severe patients. Comprehensive treatments should be performed in super-aged COVID-19 patients to improve the outcomes.
Combined Air-Wall Guided GDI Engine Performance and Emissions Control with E20 and Hydrogen Blended Fuel
Authors: NAGAREDDY SHIVAKUMAR , GOVINDASAMY KUMARESAN , RAJARAM KAMATCHI
Published: August 2023

GDI engine plays an important role in achieving the existing emission standards with spray guided combustion chamber geometry and high fuel injection pressure of gasoline (or) gasoline-ethanol blended fuel. In this study, the combined air-wall guided CC (combustion chamber) geometry of modified GDI engine was used to analyze the performance and emission characteristics with E20 and Hydrogen blended fuel. An engine performance and emission tests were carried out with pure gasoline fuel, E20 blended fuel and E20-Hyrogen fuel blend at a compression ratio of 9.8:1 and constant speed of 1500 rpm under different engine torque values. The test results of E20-Hydrogen blended fuel were compared with E20 and pure gasoline fuels; all the performance and emission parameters of E20-Hydrogen blend fuel shown better results than that of E20 and pure gasoline, except the brake specific NOx emission concentration from E20-Hydrogen fuel blend was shown slightly higher than E20 blended fuel. Bake specific Soot particle emission shown maximum reduction of 78.46% when compared with pure gasoline.
An integrative analysis reveals the prognostic and immunological role of TIMP gene family in pan-cancer
Authors: Wang Jiaxin , Zhang Zexin , Fan Yueying , Jia Chiyu , Chen Zhaohong , Chen Xiaodong , Shen huidan , Zhang Fei , Luo zhong , Liu Yankuo
Published: August 2023

Cancer is a serious disease that threatens human health. Radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical excision are the main strategies used to treat tumors. However, important targets and vital genes have gradually come to light. TIMPs, inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinase, were related to tumor progression. It is still uncertain, nevertheless, how they affect the progression and prognosis of pan-cancer. Therefore, the profiles of TIMP gene family expression in various cancers were evaluated via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The prognostic value of the TIMP gene family was investigated by K-M plotter and Cox regression analysis. Additionally, we explored the association among TIMP gene family expression level, immune cell infiltration, immune-related genes, and linked pathways. We found in several malignancies, there were notable differences in the TIMP gene family expression levels between tumor and normal tissues. Meanwhile, a prognosis study revealed clear connections between the the TIMP gene family expression and the clinical prognosis of cancer patients in many cancers. Additionally, the TIMP gene family expression was associated with the infiltration of immune cells, especially macrophages. Thus, we proposed the TIMP gene family could be addressed as novel biomarkers for determining prospective prognostic values and potential therapeutic targets for cancer patients.
The student-patient relationship during hospitalization and patient participation in clinical classes.
Authors: Kaliszewski Krzysztof , Makles Szymon , Frątczak Agnieszka , Kisiel Michał , Lipska Patrycja , Stebel Agata
Published: August 2023

Background
A crucial aspect of the education of prospective medical professionals is their interaction with patients. Thus, this study sought to investigate how patients perceive this relationship. The aim was to obtain insights from patients regarding the optimal conduct and demeanor of medical students during clinical classes, with the ultimate objective of maximizing patient comfort.
Methods
The authors collected a total of 403 surveys from patients of a teaching hospital, regarding their perception of students as healthcare providers.
Results
Our research results reveal considerable variance in responses based on the age distribution of patients. Notably, the senior demographic prioritizes the external presentation of students and the utilization of courteous language. In contrast, younger patients exhibit less interest in participating in educational sessions with students. Notably, the majority of patients perceive their involvement in the education of future healthcare professionals to be essential.
Conclusions
Patients voluntarily engage in educational classes with students. The relationship between patients and students is amicable, and the majority of students display a respectful demeanor toward patients. Nonetheless, preserving patient confidentiality and ensuring the proper management of classes remain persistent issues.
Waste ‘Nagpur Orange’ Peel Essential Oil for Improved Performance, Gut Health and Immune Response In Broiler Chicken: In Vivo Studies
Authors: Deshpande Kuldeep Yeshwant , Gore Someshwar Madhukar , Mandavgane Sachin Arvind , Shinde Pratik Narendra , Patil Madhura Rajendra , Chakravarty Ipsita , Zadgaonkar Laxmi Akshay , Borkar Anshul Manik , Vedpathak Ashish , Kamdi Bhupesh Purushottam , Kale Dnyaneshwar Balasaheb
Published: August 2023

Essential oil with 91.88% limonene extracted from waste Nagpur orange peels using indigenously designed and patented extraction mechanism was used to investigate effect of its supplementation on performance, immune response and gut health in broilers. 300 chicks (VenCobb-430) were distributed in 5 groups having 15 chicks per replicate using completely randomized design. The diet was formulated as per BIS (2007) standards for control, while antibiotic was added in T₁ @ 500g/ton and orange peel essential oil (OPEO) @ 50, 100, 150g/ton were added in T2, T3and T4respectively. The cumulative feed intake, body weights and FCR for overall period was significant (P < 0.05). The percent nutrient metabolisability improved numerically and NFE metabolisability was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in treatment groups. Carcass characteristics and sensory attributes were not affected (P > 0.05) except gizzard weight. The hematological parameters remained comparable (P > 0.05); while LPO improved significantly (P < 0.05) in OPEO supplemented groups. The total protein, albumin, A:G ratio and uric acid remained comparable (P > 0.05); while globulin improved significantly (P < 0.05) in OPEO supplemented groups. The serum antibody titre against RD virus, bursa and spleen weight was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T3. Morphometry of intestine and liver remained comparable; however, lung morphometry altered significantly (P < 0.05). Hence, it is concluded that dietary supplementation of OPEO at 100g/ton improved performance, gut health and immune response of broilers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to evaluate the effect of essential oil extracted from Nagpur orange peels in broilers.
A 43-year of human thermal comfort in Central Africa.
Authors: Kaissassou Samuel , Komkoua A.J. , Guenang M. , Ngohe-Ekam P-S. , Njouenwet I. , Rigong H.
Published: August 2023

In this study, the human thermal stress was quantified across Central Africa (C.A) using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). Although many of the documented studies on the use of UTCI in relation to human health are currently restricted to countries in the northern hemisphere, this contribution constitutes a prerequisite of information for future research in the region. To mitigate the problem of lack of field data in the Central African sub-region, we downloaded UTCI data via the ERA5 reanalysis portal. Based on this data source, we have explored the spatiotemporal characteristics and the resulting behaviour at annual, seasonal and monthly scales in Central Africa over the period 1982 to 2022. On these different scales, 4 of the 10 UTCI thermal stress categories were experienced, ranging from mild cold stress to strong heat stress. Spatially, cases of moderate heat stress were the most widespread, with cases of strong intensity occurring in a few isolated areas in the centre, east and west. Slight cold stress is confined to the south-east domain, particularly in autumn and winter. From 1982 to 2022, heat stress has increased significantly in the region, with peaks observed in January and October; very few areas have been spared the phenomenon of thermal stress. However, a slight decreasing trend was noticed along coastal regions and the south of C.A. Thereafter, the trends values showed the degree of C.A. vulnerability to global warming, and thus appropriate measures should be taken in relation to outdoor occupations and its impacts on the population of this region.
Iberian wolf’s diet and its quality during breeding season: exploring the influence of zone, wolf groups, prey availability and individual factors
Authors: Barja Isabel , Piñeiro Ana , Talegón Javier , Ruiz-González Aritz , Navarro-Castilla Álvaro , Caro Amaia , Gago-Barja Toni , Hernández M. Carmen
Published: August 2023

Large predators are essential in maintaining ecosystem functioning, and comprehending how their feeding habits change across natural and human-dominated landscapes is crucial to preserve biodiversity. In this study, the diet of Iberian wolves (Canis lupus signatus) during pup rearing season (July to September) has been studied in relation to prey abundance and putting emphasis in the analysis of the differences between zones, wolf groups and individual factors (age, sex and social status). For this, non-invasive monitoring was carried out in three zones of Spain where nine different wolf breeding groups were detected (Galicia, n = 4; Zamora, n = 4 and Valladolid, n = 1). Faecal samples were collected near rendezvous sites for dietary and genetic analyses, registering if it was or not a scent mark to know the social status of the individuals. Prey availability was determined by camera trapping or requesting the official census of wild prey in the study areas. We found differences in wolf’s diet depending on the zone and the breeding group however, the diet did not vary depending on the age, sex and social status. In general, Iberian wolves mainly fed on wild ungulates (wild boar, roe deer and red deer), feeding on the most abundant prey, except for Baldriz group in Galicia which seems to be specialized in hunting roe deer. Domestic animals’ consumption (sheep, goat, donkey, pig) was not high, but it occurred specially in agriculture and livestock areas (Ferreras in Zamora and Valladolid) where wild prey were less available.
Performance of the double-thin-shell approach for studying nighttime mediumscale traveling ionospheric disturbances using two dense GNSS observation networks in Japan
Authors: Fu Weizheng , Otsuka Yuichi , Shinbori Atsuki , Nishioka Michi , Perwitasari Septi
Published: August 2023

Electrodynamic coupling between the ionospheric E and F regions is widely recognized as the underlying mechanism for generating medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) during nighttime at midlatitudes. Recently, the double-thin-shell approach has proven to be a useful tool for studying the E-F coupling. By using total electron content (TEC) measurements, this approach enables the simultaneous reconstruction of electron density perturbations in both the E and F regions with broad and continuous coverage. However, the current reconstruction performance is limited when using only GPS-TEC measurements from GEONET, a dense network of groundbased Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers over Japan. The expansion of available data sources and the integration of multi-GNSS observation data are considered important to enhance the double-thin-shell model. Fortunately, SoftBank Corp., a Japanese telecommunications provider, has recently developed a dense independent GNSS observation network to improve positioning services. In this paper, we analyze the potential of the improved double-thin-shell approach and emphasize the importance of incorporating multi-GNSS observation data from both GEONET and SoftBank networks. The solvability analysis, simulation, and observation results collectively indicate a substantial improvement in the spatiotemporal resolution. Specifically, the longitudinal and latitudinal resolution is improved from 0.15∘ to 0.1∘ in the E region, and from 0.5∘ to 0.3∘ in the F region. The temporal resolution is also improved from 2 minutes to 1 minute. In addition, significant improvements have been achieved in the reconstruction performance, particularly for the E region under complex background conditions. Based on these assessments, we conclude that the incorporation of GEONET and SoftBank GNSS observation data holds significant potential for improving the double-thin-shell model and advancing our understanding of MSTIDs.
Enhancement of Intra-Cardiac Flow-Field Data Using Adaptive Kernel Filtering
Authors: Banerjee Shataneek , Ghosh Amardip , Pal Prasanta
Published: August 2023

A method of determining the optimal kernel size for filtering noise in vortex dominated flow-fields, as found in the cardiac chambers is presented in this paper. Using synthetic flow fields generated using harmonic functions and perturbed using Gaussian noises of different amplitudes and spreads, the effect of kernel size on noise removal using the Median filter is tested systematically. It is shown that there exists an optimal kernel size at which the Median filter works best. The size of the optimal kernel is shown to be related to the vortex size. When applied to MRI generated cardiac flow-fields, the approach is seen to reveal underlying vortex patterns thereby aiding as an effective tool in the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac diseases based on vortices as clinical bi-omarkers. The behavior of the restored cardiac flow fields which are filtered with the optimal kernel size and also with some values preceding and succeeding it are similar to that observed in studies with synthetic flow fields. This confirms that the optimal size of the kernel is related to the cardiac vortex size as is observed in the case of synthetic flow fields.
Effects of tree species and planting forms on the thermal comfort of campsites in hot and humid areas of China
Authors: Luo Xinyi , Zhao Yang , Yang Jiahao , Guo Tongye , Li Yuankui
Published: August 2023

Camping has become a popular outdoor activity in China. However, the long and scorching summers in China's hot and humid regions pose challenges for campsites in maintaining thermal comfort. Therefore, we explored the impact of tree species and planting methods on the thermal comfort of urban campsites in hot and humid areas using the ENVI-met model to simulate the conditions of the study area. The reliability of the model was validated by comparing the simulated values of air temperature and relative humidity with field measurements. We conducted an in-depth analysis of common trees in hot and humid areas and analyzed the effects of five tree species and four tree planting forms on the microclimate of campsites in such areas, using the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) as the evaluation index of thermal comfort. The results indicated that: (1) trees with a low LAI and large crown had a stronger ability to improve outdoor thermal comfort than trees with a high LAI and small crown, and (2) among the four common tree planting forms in campsites, the patches form exhibited the strongest microclimate regulation capacity, leading to a more effective improvement in outdoor thermal comfort compared to that of the single tree, U-shaped, and surrounding planting forms. This study provides a reference for the planting design of outdoor campsites in hot and humid regions of China.
The Application of Graph Neural Network Based on Multi-Head Attention Optimization in Information Recommendation Systems
Authors: Li Yibing
Published: August 2023

This study proposes a group information recommendation (GIR) model to accurately and comprehensively explore group preferences and enhances complex groups' recommendation effect. Firstly, the group recommendation (GR) algorithm, Multi-Head Attention (MHA) mechanism, and Graph Neural Network (GNN) are summarized. Secondly, the GIR model is constructed using the MHA and GNN models. On the one hand, the model considers the importance of differences in group objects' preferences in different item recommendations. On the other hand, the impact of the interaction between objects on group preference modeling is considered. The constructed GIR model includes an embedding layer, a propagation layer, a fusion layer, and a prediction layer. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the constructed model. The verification results reveal that: (1) compared with other recommendation models, the Multi-Head Attention-Graph Neural Network (MHA-GNN) model is improved by 1.05% in the Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR) index. (2) The recommendation precision and MRR value of the MHA-GNN model are higher than those of other fused models. (3) Compared with other recommendation models, the MHA-GNN model has the highest recommendation precision and better recommendation effect. The above conclusions show that the introduced GNN technology can effectively improve the performance of the GR model. At the same time, the established GIR system has a more accurate recommendation effect, which can realize the efficient mining of group preferences. This study aims to achieve the efficient recommendation of information and save information retrieval time.
Intratracheal budesonide mixed with surfactant to increase survival free of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants: statistical analysis plan for the international, multicenter, randomized PLUSS trial
Authors: Francis Kate L , McKinlay Christopher J , Davis Peter G , Donath Susan M , Manley Brett James
Published: August 2023

The PLUSS trial is a multicenter, two-arm, parallel, double-blind, randomized controlled trial, enrolling at least 1060 extremely preterm infants in 21 participating hospitals across four countries (Australia, New Zealand, Canada and Singapore). Enrolment commenced in January 2018 and was completed in March 2023. The trial is investigating whether intratracheal budesonide (a corticosteroid) combined with surfactant, compared to surfactant alone, will increase survival free of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants.
Ginger essential oil prevents NASH progression by blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome and remodeling the gut microbiota-LPS-TLR4 pathway
Authors: Sheen Lee-Yan , Panyod Suraphan , Wu Wei-Kai , Hsieh Ya-Chi , Tseng Yea-Jing , Peng Sin-Yi , Chen Rou-An , Huang Huai-Syuan , Chen Yi-Hsun , Shen Ting-Chin David , Ho Chi-Tang , Liu Chun-Jen , Chuang Hsiao-Li , Huang Chi-Chang , Wu Ming-Shiang
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Diet and gut microbiota contribute to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. High-fat diets (HFDs) change gut microbiota compositions, induce gut dysbiosis, and intestinal barrier leakage, which facilitates portal influx of pathogen-associated molecular patterns including lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to the liver and triggers inflammation in NASH. Current therapeutic drugs for NASH have adverse side effects; however, several foods and herbs that exhibit hepatoprotection could be an alternative method to prevent NASH.
METHODS
We investigated ginger essential oil (GEO) against palm oil-containing HFDs in LPS-injected murine NASH model.
RESULTS
GEO reduced plasma alanine aminotransferase levels and hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels; and increased antioxidant catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione levels to prevent NASH. GEO alleviated hepatic inflammation through mediated NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and LPS/Toll-like receptor four (TLR4) signaling pathways. GEO further increased beneficial bacterial abundance and reduced NASH-associated bacterial abundance.
CONCLUSION
Hence, GEO prevents NASH by inhibiting hepatic inflammation and modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolite-related pathway. Additionally, GEO offers a promising application as a dietary supplement for the prevention of NASH.
Study of the effect of cAMP signaling pathway on HTR8/SV-neo cell line proliferation,invasion and migration
Authors: Sun Chao , Mei Jiaoqi , Yi Hongyan , Song Mengyi , Ma Yanlin , Huang Yuanhua
Published: August 2023

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is thought to be related to placental dysfunction, particularly poor extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion and migration abilities. However, the pathogenic mechanism is not yet fully understood. Here, we used the HTR8/SV-neo cell line as a model for the in vitro functional study of human extravillous trophoblasts. HTR8/SV-neo cells were treated with different concentrations of Forskolin solution (cAMP pathway-specific agonist) to alter intracellular cAMP level. Taking the DMSO group as the control group, firstly, cAMP assay kit was used to detect the cAMP concentration in HTR8/SV-neo cells treated with different concentration of Forskolin, and the cell proliferation function was detected by cell growth curve drawing and the colony formation experiment. The invasiveness and migration of cells were observed by Transwell experiments, and the expression of intracellular EMT-related markers was further evaluated by qPCR and WB experiments. According to our research, the intracellular cAMP level in HTR8/SV-neo cells was increased in a dose-dependently manner, and the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of HTR8/SV-neo cells were significantly enhanced. Further detection by qPCR and WB experiments proved that the expression of EMT and angiogenesis markers in cells were up-regulated, including MMP2, PECAM, N-cadherin and VE-cadherin. In addition, with the increase of intracellular cAMP level, the phosphorylation level of intracellular MAPK signaling pathway was significantly increased. Thus, these results provide a novel rationale for the treatment of PE patients by improving the poor placental environment.
COPZ1 regulates ferroptosis through NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Anbang , Yang Hongmin , Xiao Tengfei , Gu Wangning , Li He , Chen Pan
Published: August 2023

Background
Ferroptosis, a type of autophagy-dependent cell death, is intricately related to the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The research focus of this study was to investigate the involvement of coatomer protein complex I subunit zeta 1 (COPZ1) in ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in LUAD.
Methods
In this study, clinical samples of LUAD and para-carcinoma tissues were gathered. Lentiviral vectors were utilized to establish COPZ1-deficient LUAD cell model and xenograft model. These models were analyzed to assess tumor growth, lipid peroxidation levels, autophagy activation, and iron metabolism. To demonstrate the regulatory effects of COPZ1 on its downstream targets, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay were conducted. Moreover, NCOA4 knockdown plasmid was applied. The location of ferritin and lysosomes were examined using immunofluorescence staining.
Results
The study revealed that LUAD tissues and cells exhibited elevated expression of COPZ1. COPZ1 silencing inhibited xenograft tumor growth and induced apoptosis. COPZ1 silencing also promoted the accumulation of ROS, Fe2+, MDA and 4-HNE while reducing GSH-Px levels. In addition, COPZ1 was found to directly bind to nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4). COPZ1 silencing inhibit the expression of FTH1 and promoted the expression of NCOA4 and LC3. NCOA4 knockdown reversed the iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation regulation induced by COPZ1 silencing. Furthermore, COPZ1 silencing induced the translocation of ferritin to lysosomes for degradation, while NCOA4 knockdown disrupted this process.
Conclusion
This study presents novel findings showing that COPZ1 regulates NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and ferroptosis. These results offer new insights into the development and potential treatment of LUAD.
Analysis of Different Transistor Sram Structures Using Different Technologies
Authors: R SUGUNA , S MONISHA
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the need for power efficient memory design has increased drastically. SRAM design is commonly used in network-on-chip and system-on-chip VLSI design for low power and high speed operation. For high speed processor design SRAM is mainly used in cache memories as it provides a direct interface with processing unit which is not possible using DRAM cells. In order to achieve area-delay-power trade off depending on the applications, various SRAM designs in transistor level is analyzed earlier. Some power gating SRAM design focuses on reducing the power consumption by adding sleep transistors. For some high-performance design SRAM works by performing the read and write operation separately with individual control signals. This proposed work focuses on analyzing various transistor SRAM structures used in various applications. This paper also evaluates various parameters such as power consumption and transistor count. All the design is formed using DSCH2 and simulations have been carried out on in different technologies using MICROWIND tool.
Sex divergences in brain transcriptomics of juvenile Cynomolgus macaques
Authors: Kabbej Nadia , Ashby Frederick J. , Riva Alberto , Gamlin Paul , Mandel Ron , Kunta Aishwarya , Rouse Courtney J. , Heldermon Coy
Published: August 2023

Background: Behavioral, social, and physical characteristics are posited to distinguish the sexes, yet research on transcription-level sexual differences in the brain is limited. Here, we investigated sexually divergent brain transcriptomics in prepubertal cynomolgus macaques, a commonly used surrogate species to humans.
Methods: A transcriptomic profile using RNA sequencing was generated for the temporal lobe, ventral midbrain, and cerebellum of 3 female and 3 male cynomolgus macaques previously treated with an Adeno-associated virus vector mix. Statistical analyses to determine differentially expressed protein-coding genes in all three lobes were conducted using DeSeq2 with a false discovery rate corrected P value of .05.
Results: We identified target genes in the temporal lobe, ventral midbrain, and cerebellum with functions in translation, immunity, behavior, and neurological disorders that exhibited statistically significant sexually divergent expression.
Conclusions: We provide potential mechanistic insights to the epidemiological differences observed between the sexes with regards to mental health and infectious diseases, such as COVID19. Our results provide pre-pubertal information on sexual differences in non-human primate brain transcriptomics and may provide insight to health disparities between the biological sexes in humans.
Preoperative Systemic immune-inflammation index as a prognostic indicator for patients with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Jianxiong , Peng Lei , Zhang Shaohua , Liao Haiyang , Hao jiayao , Wu Song , Shen Haili
Published: August 2023

Background
The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a cost-efficient indicator for carcinoma prognosis. However, its utility in urothelial carcinoma (UC) prognosis is disputed. This meta-analysis aims to assess SII's prognostic value in UC.
Methods
A thorough search of databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, was conducted to find studies until January 11, 2023. Eligibility criteria were applied to select studies. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from selected studies and compiled in a meta-analysis to gauge SII's association with survival outcomes such as overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
This analysis includes 19 studies with 11,348 UC patients. It was found that high SII significantly correlated with worse OS in UC patients (HR 1.430, 95% CI 1.237–1.653, P < 0.001). High SII values also linked with poorer CSS (HR 1.913, 95% CI 1.473–2.485, P < 0.001), RFS (HR 1.240, 95% CI 1.097–1.403, P < 0.001), and PFS (HR 1.844, 95% CI 1.488–2.284, P < 0.001) compared to low SII values. Subgroup analysis revealed SII's consistent prognostic value in UC across races, carcinoma types, sample sizes, and SII cut-off values, suggesting its potential as a prognostic indicator in UC patients.
Conclusions
Current evidence suggests SII as a promising, cost-efficient predictor in UC patients. This meta-analysis indicates SII's potential as a valuable prognostication tool in UC patients.
Tannic acid as building block constructing injectable hydrogel and regulating microglial phenotype to enhance neuroplasticity for post-stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Liu Zongjian , Zhang Shulei , Ran Yuanyuan , Geng Huimin , Gao Fuhai , Tian Guiqin , Feng Zengguo , Xi Jianing , YE LIN , Su Wei
Published: August 2023

Background Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability in the world. Post-stroke rehabilitation is still unsatisfactory in clinics, which brings giant pains and economic burdens to stroke patients. In this study, an injectable hydrogel where tannic acid (TA) acts as not only a building block but a therapeutic drug was developed for post-stroke rehabilitation. Methods TA is used as a building block to form an injectable hydrogel (TA-gel) with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) by multivalent hydrogen bonds. The morphology, rheological property, and TA release behavior of the hydrogel were characterized. The abilities of the TA-gel to modulate microglia (BV2 cells) polarization and subsequently enhance the neuroplasticity of neuro cells (N2A cells) were assessed in vitro. The TA-gel was injected into the cavity of the stroke mouse for the evaluation of motor function recovery, microglial polarization, and neuroplasticity in vivo. The investigation of the molecular pathway through which TA modulates microglia polarization was also explored both in vitro and in vivo. Results The TA-gel exhibited a sustainable released behavior of TA. It can suppress the expression of CD16 and IL-1β, and upgrade the expression of CD206 and TGF-β in the oxygen and glucose-deprived (OGD) BV2 cell, indicating the regulation of OGD BV2 cells to anti-inflammatory phenotype in vitro. It further shows the decrease of synaptophysin and PSD95 in the OGD N2a cells is effectively recovered by the anti-inflammatory BV2 cells. Furthermore, it showed the TA-gel can decrease the CD16/iNOS expression, and increase the CD206 expression in the peri-infarct area of stroke mice, implying anti-inflammatory polarization of microglia in vivo. The colocalization of PSD95 and Vglut-1 stains as well as the Golgi stain showed the enhancement of neuroplasticity by the TA-gel. Spontaneously, the TA-gel successfully recovered the motor function of stroke mice. The western blot results in vitro and in vivo suggested TA-gel regulated microglia polarization via the NF-κB pathway. Conclusion The TA gel serves as an effective brain injectable implant to treat stroke and shows promising potential to promote post-stroke rehabilitation in the clinic.
The effect of rotation on gas storage in nanoporous materials
Authors: Kosheleva Ramonna I. , Karapantsios Thodoris D. , Kostoglou Margaritis , Mitropoulos Athanasios Ch.
Published: August 2023

Nanoporous materials offer a promising solution for gas storage applications in various scientific and engineering domains. However, several crucial challenges need to be addressed, including adsorptive capacity, rapid loading, and controlled gas delivery. A potential approach to tackle these issues is through rotation-based methods. In this study, we investigate the impact of rotation on CO2 adsorption using activated carbon, both at the early and late stages of the adsorption process. Towards this direction, three sets of experiments were conducted; i) adsorption isotherm with rotation at each gas loading, ii) adsorption kinetics with multiple rotation performed in sequence 15 min after CO2 introduction and iii) adsorption kinetics with a single rotation after 40 h of adsorption and repetition after another 20 h. For the first two cases the comparison was performed by respective measurements without rotation while for the last case, results were compared to theoretical pseudo first order kinetic curve. Our findings demonstrate that rotation enhances the adsorptive capacity by an impressive 54%, accelerates kinetics by a factor of 3.25, and enables controllable gas delivery by adjusting the angular velocity. These results highlight rotation as a promising technique to optimize gas storage in nanoporous materials, facilitating advancements in numerous scientific and engineering applications.
Efficient ECG classification method for arrhythmia using MODWPT and adaptive incremental broad learning
Authors: Li Jia , Huang Li , Cai Dingjian , Ling Shikang , Yang Min
Published: August 2023

Arrhythmia, which is deffned as a problem with the rhythm or rate at which the heart operates, is highly imperceptible yet insidious and can result in severe complications. In this study, in order to develop and evaluate an efffcient electrocardiogram (ECG) classiffcation method for arrhythmia, we propose a combination of maximum overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MODWPT) and adaptive incremental broad learning for arrhythmia detection. In the proposed method, ECG signal is ffrst denoised and segmented. Then the energy spectrum features extracted by MODWPT is combined with morphological features and rhythmic features, are used as the input of Ada-IBL. Finally, the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database based on the AAMI ECAR1987 is used to compare the results. The accuracies for ventricular and supraventricular ectopic beats are 97.2% and 99.9%, respectively, indicating that the proposed method is superior to the existing methods. By compared with the convolutional neural network, Ada-IBL provides better computational efffciency and classiffcation accuracy. It requires only 0.31 s to achieve 99.15% classiffcation accuracy on the testing set while the training time is less than 2.4 s. Ada-IBL can well avoid the limitation of selecting parameters by experience, showing the ability of equilibrating time cost and accuracy.
Seasonal and spatial variations in macrozooplankton quality as food for fish in a SW Atlantic Ocean gulf – the role of lipids and fatty acids
Authors: Temperoni Brenda , Naveira Rocío Isla , Turina Yanina , Massa Agueda Elena
Published: August 2023

Macrozooplankton nutritional quality is essential information to understand the energy and matter fluxes in marine food webs and their value as prey for fish. Lipid-derived energy density (ED; kJ g− 1) and polyunsaturated fatty acids content (PUFA; µg mg− 1 total lipids) of Euphausia spp. and Munida gregaria were studied along a seasonal cycle (September 2016- November 2016-January 2017), and related with their size and the spatial environmental variability (satellite chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration and frontal structures) of the San Jorge Gulf (45°–47°S, 65°30′-67°30ʹW; Argentinean Continental Shelf, SW Atlantic Ocean). This gulf is a key nursery and feeding ground for many commercially and ecologically relevant fish species (e.g. Merluccius hubbsi). While ED was similar in both taxa, PUFA content was significantly higher in Euphausia spp. Quality indices showed seasonal and spatial variations, while the effect of size was non-significant. For both taxa, minimum ED values occurred in winter, while for Euphausia spp. the maximum was observed in summer and for M. gregaria in spring. M. gregaria ED tightly coupled with the seasonal chl-a cycle. PUFA content also varied seasonally, with an opposite trend. Spatially, higher ED and PUFA values occurred in locations with elevated chl-a concentrations. This was mostly manifested in M. gregaria indices and less evident in Euphausia spp. Results provide novel and baseline information of zooplankton, which can be applied in food web models to understand the trophic dynamics of many fish and top predators species in the Argentinean Shelf in the current global change context.
Medium Parental Resistance of FHB Enhances Mapping of Main and Epistatic QTL Effects in Spring Wheat Population
Authors: ElDoliefy Ahmed ElFatih , Anderson James , Glover Karl , Elias Elias , Ashry Hisham , ElZahaby Ibrahim , Mergoum Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Fusariumhead blight (FHB) is a devastating disease lowering yield and quality of wheat. Intensive use of limited allelic pools critically affects wheat resistance, while advances pathogenic alleles. This study presents new alleles raised from moderate rather than elite crosses. ‘Parshall’ has indigenous moderate resistance that was crossed with the moderate susceptible ‘Reeder’ and developed the 110 RIL population (noted as PR) that was tested across three states and years under field and greenhouse conditions. Heading- and FHB-related traits of incidence, severity, and index were assessed. A genetic map (1417cM) of SNP/DArT markers was generated. Composite interval mapping produced 45 QTL. Permutated LOD assessment identified two consistent QTL (4AL and 4BL) of type I and II resistance. Significant markers at the 4A QTL showed correlation with previous FHB resistance, while at the 4B QTL with pathogen responsive regions. The 1- and 2-D genome scan identified 16 QTL and six pairs of interacting resistance markers; respectively, with additive effects between 0.17% and 2.19%. Additionally, additive×environment interaction was between 0.04% and 3.18% confirming the high environmental effect. Three pairs of QTL with additive×additive effects between 0.15% and 0.30% were revealed by FHB epistasis. However, the additive×additive environmental interaction at these three loci was varied between 0.03% and 1%, confirming the G×E effect on FHB resistance. Our results have broadened the allelic pool of wheat resistance. PR-alleles can help breeders to develop lines mitigating epidemic environments and changeable climates, to boost yield facing hanger, food scarce, and unsecure worldwide penurious economies.
Hydrological Analysis of Stream Flow Characteristics of Huluka River, Abay Basin
Authors: Bayana Darara Dabtara , Chalchisa Adisu Fikire
Published: August 2023

A thorough assessment of the magnitude and regularity of a river's low flow is necessary for planning and designing water resource projects. The catastrophic consequences of water scarcity have made it increasingly clear that low flow conditions are perilous. Another critical skill is the ability to anticipate low flow at any specific riverbank. The severity of low flows is affected by the way the terrain regulates water storage and release throughout time, which in turn is impacted by the climate. However, knowledge of the magnitude and frequency of river flow is necessary for both present-day and future water resource planning. This paper concentrates on the characteristics of Huluka River flow using stream flow record from 1995 to 2016. In addition, Hydrological index computations, such as Flow duration curve and fundamental discharge indices, determined the methodologies for flow characterization. In the areas of stream flow analysis and categorization, the zero-flow index was employed. Based on this index, the classification of stream flow was established. The study's findings demonstrate that the Huluka River has behavior of perennial stream type and good ground water contribution to stream flow due to its highest Baseflow Index and low Zero Flow Index. The value provided for Zero Flow Index and Baseflow Index were 0.004% and 67%, respectively. The findings of this study offer important insights for water resource management.
Ubiquitination Degraded BMPR2 By Smurf1 Promotes Bladder Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Su Qiongli , Huang Li , Guo Ying , Wei Long , Wu Ling , Tan Qiuhong
Published: August 2023

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most frequent malignancy cancers in the urinary system worldwide. It has high mortality because chemotherapy and surgery are only effective to very limited BC patients. Thus, developing novel treatment options has become an urgent need to improve clinical outcomes and the quality of life for BC patients. In this study, we proved that BMPR2 degraded by ubiquitin ligase Smad ubiquitination regulator 1 (Smurf1) can promote BC cell growth. Firstly, we detected the interaction relationship between Smurf1 and BMPR2 by CO-IP and bioinformatics tools. Next, transfection lentiviral vectors Plasmids or siRNA was used to over-express or knock-down for Smurf1 in BC cells. Finally, CCK-8 and colony assay were used to detect the growth and proliferation of BC cells J82 and UMUC3. The results demonstrated that Smurf1 plays an essential role in the Smurf1/BMPR2 signaling pathway in J82 and UMUC3 cell growth. Moreover, BMPR2 has a negative correlation with Smurf1 in BC. Additionally, Smurf1 specifically targets BMPR2 and promotes the BMPR2 degradation through the ubiquitin-protease pathway. In summary, Smurf1 may play an important role in the treatment of BC and may be a potential novel target for BC.
Assessing Spatial Distribution and Quality of Phreatic Water for Sustainable Supply: A Study of the Tebessa Aquifer System
Authors: Chougar Rihab , Baali Fethi , Hadji Riheb , Ghrieb Lassad , Hamad Amor , Hamed Younes
Published: August 2023

Groundwater quality plays a vital role in addressing freshwater demands, especially in semiarid regions with water scarcity. This study focuses on assessing groundwater quality in the Tebessa aquifer system, a primary water source for various needs. The investigation is prompted by challenges like hydric stress, aridity, urbanization, and population growth, which impact water demand and quality. Factors such as intensive agriculture and industrial activities contribute to declining groundwater quality. The study employs the Water Quality Index (WQI) method, which combines multiple parameters to evaluate water health comprehensively. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology aids in analysing spatial relationships, crucial for hydrogeological processes. The study incorporates a multiparameter approach to create maps of water quality, with parameters including pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and various ions. These maps reveal spatial variations and priority classes ranging from 'Excellent' to 'Very Poor' in groundwater quality. The main objective is to enhance understanding of groundwater quality dynamics in semiarid regions and identify management strategies. The Tebessa-Morsott Plain in Algeria serves as the study area, characterized by a semi-arid climate. Field and laboratory investigations were conducted to analyse hydrochemical characteristics. The results show diverse ranges of parameters, indicating alkalinity, salinity, and elevated concentrations of ions. By analysing interrelationships and spatial variability, the study contributes to both scientific understanding and informed water resource management. Geospatial mapping and the generation of a groundwater quality index map illustrate varying levels of water quality across the study area, guiding strategic decisions for sustainable water resource management.