bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The structure of information behavior dissertations 2009–2018: Theories, methods, populations, disciplines
Authors: Lund Brady
Published: July 2020

Dissertations can be important sources of information about the future of a research field. These publications capture the ideas, theories, methods, and populations that emerging researchers deem important for study. Dissertation research often exhibits great rigor and innovation. This study of dissertations focuses on one specific field, which has importance in a large variety of academic disciplines: information behavior. An analysis of a sample of information behavior dissertations published in ProQuest Dissertations and Theses between 2009 and 2018 is performed. The top theories, methods, and study populations are identified using data functions to compile the results. While the majority of information behavior research originates in the discipline of library and information science (53%), the field is nonetheless highly interdisciplinary. The theories of Kuhlthau, Dervin, and Wilson are used extensively as frameworks in information behavior dissertations. Students are the most commonly studied population, while interview is the most commonly utilized research method. Information behavior is a diverse research field, stemming from a large number of disciplines and utilizing a broad group of theories, methods, and populations.
Portents from Orwell’s 1984: Bureaucracies, Ministries of Truth and Plenty – challenges facing the administration of mental healthcare in Australia
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Allison Stephen , Kisely Stephen R , Maguire Paul
Published: July 2020

Objective:

We reflect upon the processes of mental health administration in Australia with reference to George Orwell’s novel, 1984.

Conclusions:

Mental healthcare in Australia is distorted by politicisation, spin and a refusal to acknowledge the reality of the current situation. These challenges for mental healthcare demonstrate some similarities with the Ministries of Truth and Plenty, which conversely performed as their opposites in Orwell’s novel. Psychiatrists and their professional bodies should play a greater role in advocacy for clinician-led, evidence-based services in partnership with our communities.
Family Caregiver’s Anticipatory Grief—Clinical Interview: Psychometric Characteristics and Scoring Pattern
Authors: Coelho Alexandra , Roberto Magda S. , Barros Luísa , Barbosa António
Published: July 2020

This study describes the development and the preliminary validation of the Family Caregiver Anticipatory Grief Clinical Interview (FcAG-CI). This instrument, conceptually based in Adult Attachment Theory, evaluates Anticipatory Grief response patterns of cancer family caregivers; semistructured interviews were conducted in a sample of family caregivers in palliative care ( n = 72, mostly women, adult children, or spouses, mean age of 52.37) and coded according to the rating guidelines. FcAG-CI, composed of eight domains, shows convergent and concurrent validity with self-reported predeath prolonged grief disorder symptoms as well as divergent validity with the Zarit Burden Interview. The tests for reliability suggest that it has reasonable consistency (Cronbach’s α = .750) and very good interrater reliability. Two factors were identified, corresponding to the two major sources of distress: traumatic and relational aspects of end-of-life caregiving. This instrument, allows the categorization of respondents in four different profiles (Avoidant, Adjusted, Traumatic, and Intense Anticipatory Grief), with clear implications for clinical practice.
Minocycline Topical Foam: A New Drug for the Treatment of Acne
Authors: Onge Erin St. , Mobley W. Cary
Published: July 2020

Objective:

To review the safety and efficacy of minocycline 4% topical foam for the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris in adults and pediatric patients aged 9 years and older.

Data Sources:

A literature search through PubMed and EMBASE was conducted using the following keywords: FMX101, minocycline, foam, and acne.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

Articles selected included those describing preclinical and clinical studies of pharmacokinetics, efficacy, or safety of topical minocycline foam.

Data Synthesis:

Minocycline 4% topical foam was shown in a preclinical study to effectively deliver minocycline to the pilosebaceous unit, with little penetration beyond the stratum corneum. This was consistent with a phase 1 pharmacokinetic study of the foam, which yielded a significantly reduced systemic exposure of minocycline compared with oral minocycline. In phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials, the foam significantly reduced acne lesion counts and Investigator’s Global Assessment scores of acne severity compared with placebo. The foam has a good safety profile, with headache, mild erythema, hyperpigmentation, and mild dryness among the most common adverse effects.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

Topical antibiotics have been a mainstay of acne therapy with the benefit of less systemic exposure compared with oral antibiotics. However, the development of bacterial resistance has reduced their use, thereby reducing options for many patients with acne. Minocycline 4% topical foam is a safe and effective alternative, which may help restore this important therapeutic approach for treating acne vulgaris.
EWSR1-SMAD3-Positive Fibroblastic Tumor
Authors: Foot Oliver , Hallin Magnus , Jones Robin L. , Sumathi Vaiyapuri P. , Thway Khin
Published: July 2020

EWSR1-SMAD3-positive fibroblastic tumor is a recently characterized neoplasm with distinct clinicopathologic features and recurrent EWSR1-SMAD3 gene fusion. ESFT typically presents as a small, painless tumor in extremity subcutaneous tissues. Their behavior is benign, although they are prone to local recurrence. They typically comprise two components: intersecting fascicles of overlapping, uniform plump spindle cells, and less cellular hyalinized areas containing stippled calcifications. Immunohistochemically, the cells consistently show diffuse ERG nuclear expression, while other markers are negative. The morphology of this neoplasm can lead to histologic confusion with both benign and malignant soft tissue tumors, including monophasic synovial sarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and spindle cell sarcoma, not otherwise specified. Correct identification of ESFT is critical, most importantly to avoid unnecessary overtreatment as sarcoma.
The compliant centrifugal pendulum as the vibration absorber with second-order elasto-kinematic approximation
Authors: Valentini Pier Paolo , Cirelli Marco , Di Donato Simone
Published: July 2020

Centrifugal dampers are used to reduce the vibrations and irregularities of motion of rotating parts subjected to torque perturbations. Compliant mechanisms can be used for building compact and simple embodiments of such devices. On the other hand, the elasto-kinematic behaviour of compliant structures requires a more accurate design with respect to standard solutions. The study discusses a methodology for designing compliant centrifugal dampers based on the arrangement of a collection of leaf flexure hinges connecting peripheral masses. The design is based on the equations of motion written under the approximation of an equivalent pseudo-rigid assembly. To preserve accuracy, the pseudo-rigid surrogate model is deduced taking into account second-order kinematic invariants and Euler–Savary equations, thus providing second-order approximation of the relative motion. This strategy combines accuracy and simplicity. The design can benefit from design equations for choosing the dimensions of the flexible links and the weight of the peripheral masses. An example of application is also discussed and a comparison with a flexible multibody model is also presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed methodology.
A Map You Can Walk Into: Immersive Cartography and the Speculative Potentials of Data
Authors: Rousell David
Published: July 2020

This article offers an induction into “immersive cartography,” an emerging approach to inquiry that incorporates the environmental arts, philosophy, and social sciences. Drawing together Deleuze’s propositions for a cartography-art with elements of Whitehead’s speculative empiricism, the author elaborates on the co-creation of a “cartographic network” that can be entered, activated, and extended along a multiplicity of trajectories, opening the inquiry process to more-than-human ecologies of participation. The second part of the article grapples with the complex proliferation of data that immersive cartography sets into motion, developing the concept of the “data event” through an engagement with Whitehead’s theory of prehension.
Validation of Cardiac Surgery Score (CASUS) in Postoperative Cardiac Patients
Authors: Raut Sarah , Hussain Azar , Ariyaratnam Priyadharshanan , Ananthasayanam Ananthakrishnan , Vijayan Ajith , Chaudhry Mubarak , Loubani Mahmoud
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Cardiac Surgery Score (CASUS) was introduced in 2005 as the first postoperative scoring system specific for patients who had cardiac surgery. Prior to this, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) has been used preoperatively, while Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre Score (ICNARC) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, which are widely used in general intensive care unit population, have been used to score cardiac patients postoperatively. The development of CASUS by Hekmat and colleagues for use in postoperative cardiac patients aims to change this. We wanted to validate CASUS against the well-established preoperative Logistic EuroSCORE, and postoperative APACHE II and ICNARC scores. Method. Institutional approval for this study was granted by the Audit and Clinical Governance Committee. We analyzed prospectively collected data of patients who had cardiac surgery in Castle Hill Hospital between January 2016 and September 2018. All patients who underwent surgery in the unit would have had Logistic EuroSCORE, APACHE, and ICNARC scores calculated as standard. CASUS was then calculated for these patients based on their day 1 postoperative variables. The scoring systems were compared and data presented as area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Result. Our study shows that CASUS is the best predictor of mortality followed by ICNARC, Logistic EuroSCORE, and APACHE II. ICNARC score remains the most accurate predictor of renal and pulmonary complication followed by CASUS. Conclusion. CASUS is a useful scoring system in post-cardiac surgery patients. The accuracy of CASUS and ICNARC scores in predicting mortality, pulmonary, and renal complications are comparable.
A study on the management of needle-stick and sharps injuries based on total quality management in a tertiary hospital in western China
Authors: Xin Xia , Zheng Xuemei , Lu Huapeng , Yang Qinling , Sun Yali , Qu Kai , Guo Yan , He Hairong
Published: July 2020

Objective:

Based on the concept of total quality management, the practice of managing needle-stick and sharps injuries was analyzed to improve nursing quality.

Methods:

Using total quality management, an improvement plan was completed. Standard operating procedures for infusion therapy and monitoring of the circulatory system were made to reduce the utilization of winged metal needles and the frequency of needle-stick injuries. From 2015 to 2018, four cross-sectional surveys were conducted on the use of winged metal needles, peripheral intravenous catheters, central venous catheters, peripherally inserted central catheters, and implantable venous access ports and the status of needle-stick and sharps injuries in our hospital during the 4 years.

Results:

Four cross-sectional surveys showed that the percentage of winged metal needle utilization decreased significantly from 13% to 0.5%, and that of peripheral intravenous catheters increased from 77% to 87%. Zero tolerance of winged metal needles increased from 33 to 60 nursing units, an improvement rate of 81.82%. The number of needle-stick injuries decreased from 71 to 21, a decrease of 70.42%. Needle-stick injuries occurred mainly during waste disposal (34.71%) and needle withdrawal (18.18%) and when recapping needles (9.92%).

Conclusion:

Based on total quality management, the implementation of zero tolerance of winged metal needles is much better. The use of winged metal needles and the incidence of needle-stick injuries are reduced. Total quality management is of great clinical value in preventing needle-stick injuries.
Wire- and Ultrasound-Guided Localization: A Novel Technique for Excision of Nonpalpable Breast Tumors
Authors: Khare Siddhant , Singh Tulika , Santosh Irrinki , Laroiya Ishita , Singh Gurpreet
Published: July 2020

Background:

Excision of nonpalpable breast lesions requires intraoperative guidance. Wire-guided localization and intraoperative ultrasounds have been used successfully but suffer from some disadvantages. We describe a new modification of the standard technique using a combination of preoperative ultrasound in conjunction with standard wire-guided localization.

Methods:

Wire and ultrasound-guided localization (WUGL) technique was used for the excision of nonpalpable breast lesions.

Results:

Sixty-nine patients with nonpalpable breast lesions were subjected to excision using WUGL, out of whom 63 patients had a preoperative diagnosis of invasive/noninvasive breast cancer. Six patients had a preoperative diagnosis of benign lesions, out of which 3 patients were converted to invasive breast cancer on final pathology. Only 1 patient had positive margin.

Conclusions:

WUGL is a technique that uses a combination of well-accepted and easily available techniques. It has given good results and has the potential for widespread acceptance in resource-constrained situations.
Mindfulness in the foreign language classroom: Influence on academic achievement and awareness
Authors: Zeilhofer Luisa
Published: July 2020

Incorporating mindfulness into education has been linked to improving academic, social and emotional learning. This article describes an investigation of the implementation of meditative practices in a foreign language setting (German). Two classes underwent distinct varieties of meditation: The count-to-ten method and the guided meditation approach, whereas a third class served as a comparison group by not partaking in meditative activities. Meditative practices were implemented for a period of one year and data were collected on students’ academic achievement, measures of mindfulness, and evaluations of their perspectives on meditative practices. Results revealed that classes in the treatment conditions showed marked signs of academic achievement and increased awareness relative to the comparison group. Differences were revealed between the two meditation methods in terms of distinct aspects of mindfulness as measured by the five-facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ). In addition, students showed a positive disposition towards meditative practices in general, which was measured by a new developed instrument: the five spheres of meditation experience survey (FSMES). Results suggest that meditative practices may play a role in designing and developing novel pedagogical practices.
Making visible the invisible: Bisexual parents ponder coming out to their kids
Authors: Haus Rowan
Published: July 2020

Unlike straight or gay parents whose sexuality is often made obvious to their children based on the gender composition of their relationships, bisexual and other non-monosexual parents are regularly and inaccurately assumed to be straight or gay. As a result, bisexuals in both same-gender and mixed-gender relationships must choose whether or not to come out to their children. This article uses data from an online survey of 767 US parents and explores reasons that bisexual parents offered when discussing their plans to come out or not come out to their children. Using a qualitative, thematic analysis of the open-ended question “Do you plan to tell your children about your sexual orientation? Why or why not?”, this article demonstrates that bisexuals planned to come out in order to educate their children on diversity, to encourage their children to be allies, to combat bisexual erasure, to promote honest communication, to convey solidarity to their LGBTQ+ children, and for necessary logistical reasons. Some parents did not plan to come out to their children, explaining that their sexuality was private, shameful, or confusing. Others said they would come out if asked, or if their children were also queer. These motivations relate to bisexual parents’ unique experiences with binegativity and erasure.
Raspail, racism, and migration: Implications for radicalization in a polarizing world
Authors: Jarvis G. E.
Published: July 2020

Jean Raspail’s controversial 1973 novel The camp of the saints predicts mass migration to Europe that will destroy European civilization. Decades later, the book has accurately predicted the hundreds of thousands of refugees arriving in Europe annually, prompting a continent-wide crisis. From Lesbos and Lampedusa to the Canary Islands and Calais, no one seems to know how to stem the flow of humanity. Borders are being resurrected, despite Schengen and European Union (EU) agreements, in an effort to control the movement of populations. European governments disagree on how to proceed and some are suggesting that the EU could be torn apart by differing approaches to the problem. But does this have to be the response to the migration crisis? This paper compares the predictions of The camp of the saints to events in Europe today and critiques the book’s conclusions with regard to what is an ancient phenomenon: movements of migrants from surplus to deficit labor settings. The paper will also evaluate the response to migrants in the United States under its populist president, Donald Trump, and will review related issues in other parts of the world: Turkey, Russia, and Canada. Contrary to Raspail’s predictions, world leaders will need to accept what has already become a de facto reality: large scale admission of migrants and refugees to the EU and North America, as full citizens, will be the only realistic way to preserve prosperity in the years to come.
When roles within interpreter-mediated psychiatric consultations speak louder than words
Authors: Kilian Sanja , Swartz Leslie , Hunt Xanthe , Benjamin Ereshia , Chiliza Bonginkosi
Published: July 2020

In South Africa, clinicians working in public psychiatric hospitals are mainly fluent in English and Afrikaans, while the majority of patients are not proficient in these languages. Due to a lack of professional interpreting services, informal, ad hoc interpreters are commonly employed in public psychiatric hospitals. We collected data on language practices in public psychiatric care in South Africa, and provide a detailed account of what happens when bilingual health care workers and cleaners haphazardly take on the additional role of interpreter. Data were collected during 2010 at a public psychiatric hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa. Thirteen interpreter-mediated psychiatric consultations were video-recorded, and 18 audio-recorded semi-structured interviews were conducted with the interpreters and clinicians who participated in the interpreter-mediated psychiatric consultations. Patients were proficient in isiXhosa (one of the 11 official languages of South Africa), the clinicians (all registrars) were first language English or Afrikaans speakers, while the health care workers (nurses and social workers) and cleaners were fluent in both the patients’ and clinician’s language. Our findings suggest that interpreters took on the following four roles during the interpreter-mediated psychiatric consultations: regulating turn-taking, cultural broker, gatekeeper and advocate. Our findings suggest that, despite interpreters and clinicians having the patient’s best interests at heart, it is the patient’s voice that becomes lost while the clinician and interpreter negotiate the roles played by each party.
Interracial contact at work: Does workplace diversity reduce bias?
Authors: Darling-Hammond Sean , Lee Randy T. , Mendoza-Denton Rodolfo
Published: July 2020

Research suggests that anti-Black bias among White Americans is persistent, pervasive, and has powerful negative effects on the lives of both Black and White Americans. Research also suggests that intergroup contact in workplaces can reduce bias. We seek to address two limitations in prior research. First, the workplaces reviewed in prior studies may not be typical. Second, previously observed relationships between workplace contact and bias may stem from selection bias—namely, that White individuals who tend to work with Black individuals are systematically different from those who do not, and those systematic differences explain lower bias levels. To address these issues, we review records ( N = 3,359) of White, non-Hispanic, working adults in a nationally representative survey to examine the relationship between workplace contact and racial closeness bias after adjusting for an exhaustive set of potential confounders. Using propensity score matching, we compare individuals who work with Black individuals with their “virtual twins”—individuals who have the same propensity of working with Black individuals but do not. We estimate that having a Black coworker causes a statistically significant reduction in racial closeness bias for White, non-Hispanic adults.
Sonographic evaluation of chest wall thickness in Chinese adults in Hong Kong: Should the updated (10th edition) Advance Trauma Life Support guidelines on preferred site of needle thoracocentesis in tension pneumothorax be adopted in the Asian population?
Authors: Dorothy Pui-Ming Yu Stephanie , Siu Ki Lau James , Leung Mok Ka , Gay Kan Pui
Published: July 2020

Objective

To compare the anterior with lateral mean chest wall thickness measured by bedside ultrasound in Chinese adults in order to suggest a preferred site for needle decompression in tension pneumothorax.

Study design

This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in a regional hospital over three months. Subjects were recruited by convenience sampling. Chest wall thickness at the second intercostal space, mid clavicular line, fifth intercostal space, anterior axillary line and fifth intercostal space and mid axillary line was measured using ultrasound on both sides. Range, mean values and confidence intervals were calculated.

Results

One-hundred and fourteen subjects were recruited. The mean anterior chest wall thickness was 2.62 cm (at second intercostal space, mid-clavicular line) and mean lateral chest wall was 2.68 cm (at fifth intercostal space, anterior axillary line) and 2.87 cm (at fifth intercostal space and mid-axillary line) respectively. Chest wall thickness at fifth intercostal space and mid-axillary line was significantly greater than second intercostal space, mid-clavicular line ( p < 0.01). Chest wall thickness was greater than 5 cm in 3.5% of the study population.

Conclusion

There is a need for population-based guidelines. We recommend needle decompression at the second intercostal space, mid-clavicular line with a 50-mm angiocath for Chinese patients with tension pneumothorax. A lateral approach at the fifth intercostal space, anterior axillary line may be considered as an alternative in case of failure. Prehospital point-of-care ultrasound may be a useful adjunct in managing such patients.
Roughness and wettability of aligner materials
Authors: Suter Fabienne , Zinelis Spiros , Patcas Raphael , Schätzle Marc , Eliades George , Eliades Theodore
Published: July 2020

Objective:

The characterisation of surface roughness and energy of contemporary thermoplastic materials used in manufacturing of orthodontic aligners.

Design:

In vitro, laboratory study.

Materials and methods:

Four commercially available thermoplastic materials were selected (CA-medium/CAM, Essix-copopyester/COP, Duran/DUR and Erkodur/ERK). Five disks from each, as received, material were tested and subjected to: (1) reflected light microscopy; (2) optical profilometry for the estimation of Sa, Sz, Sq, Sdr, Sc, Sv surface roughness parameters (n = 5); and (3) contact angle measurements with a Zisman series of liquids for the estimation of critical surface tension (γC), total work of adhesion (WA), as well as the work of adhesion due to polar (WP) and dispersion (WD) components employing the Zisman method (n = 5/liquid). Thermoformed disks were prepared against a dental stone model and the roughness parameters were calculated again Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA/ Tukey multiple comparison test and t-test (a = 0.05).

Results:

Microscopic and profilometric analyses revealed a smooth surface texture in the as-received materials, but a very rough texture after thermoforming, with insignificant differences within each state. Significant differences in the as-received state were found in the surface energy parameters; CAM showed the lowest γC and the highest WA, WP, WD, whereas ERK with the highest γC demonstrated lower WA. COP and DUR were ranked in an intermediate group regarding γC, with a statistically significant difference in WA between them, mainly attributed to the lower WP of the former.

Conclusion:

Given the differences in surface energy parameters and the lack of roughness differences within the as received or thermoformed groups, it may be concluded that variations in the plaque retaining capacity are anticipated, determined by γC, WA and the WP, WD components.
Documentary narrative visualization: Features and modes of documentary film in narrative visualization
Authors: Bradbury Judd D , Guadagno Rosanna E
Published: July 2020

Documentary narrative visualization is a data visualization approach using the features of documentary film. Researchers in the field of visualization are searching for better methods of constructing narratives from data sets. In this article, we explore the structure and techniques of documentary film and how they apply to the practice of constructing narrative visualization with video. We review the structural aspects of documentary film with examples relevant for narrative visualization. Using six of the highest quality video-based narrative visualizations, we conducted a study of user preferences for three pairs of videos. The video pairs were specifically matched to highlight unique features available in documentary film. Using the preferences expressed by our participants, we performed an empirical study to examine the documentary features most valued by our participants. Our results provide implications about the style and features of documentary film that are most useful in the construction of narrative visualization. Overall, this work provides a clear starting point for the construction of documentary narrative visualization providing content creators with specific techniques that will improve engagement of their content.
Challenges in shared decision-making in pediatric neuro-oncology: Two illustrative cases of the pursuit of postoperative alternative medicine
Authors: Behbahani Mandana , McGuire Laura S , Burokas Laura , Obringer Emily , Nikas Demetrios
Published: July 2020

In caring for pediatric patients, a multifaceted approach in decision-making is utilized. The role of the medical team in complementary and alternative medicine is controversial. In cases of conventional treatment refusal by parents in pursuit of complementary and alternative medicine, there must be balanced decision-making, autonomy, and the best interest of the child. This report highlights two illustrative cases (ages 4, 17 years) of patients with brain tumor, whereby parents refused postoperative conventional therapy involving chemoradiotherapy, in pursuit of complementary and alternative medicine alone. Parental decision-making in complementary and alternative medicine, in lieu of medical recommendations, poses an ethical and legal dilemma that may impede care of the pediatric patient and compromise outcome of oncological care.
European Insiders and Outsiders? Assessing the Reaction of German and French Trade Unions to EU Austerity
Authors: Prosser Thomas
Published: July 2020

Though the existence of a European insider-outsider division has previously been theorised, a robust link between the actions of certain workers and the existence of such divisions has yet to be demonstrated. In this article, I examine differing reactions of German and French trade unions to austerity in Southern Europe. German and French unions reacted to austerity in a lukewarm manner, contributing to the emergence of European divides. This was particularly the case in Germany, in which the stronger position within Economic and Monetary Union meant that there were fewer incentives for solidarity. I link this development with the nature of the contemporary EU, contending that the division is related to the propensity of Economic and Monetary Union to initiate competition between national labour markets and an upturn in nationalism.
Cultural Consensus and Cultural Consonance: Advancing a Cognitive Theory of Culture
Authors: Dressler William W.
Published: July 2020

Theoretical and methodological developments guided by a cognitive theory of culture have advanced our understanding of cultural processes over the past 40 years. The theoretical construct of cultural models, developed in the 1970s, provided a more precise definition of culture. The cultural consensus model, introduced in 1986, enabled investigators to verify and analyze the degree to which culture was shared and how it was distributed. Subsequent advances in the cultural consensus model, especially the analysis of residual agreement, provided a more complete approach to describing intracultural diversity. Finally, the concept and measurement of cultural consonance, introduced in 1996, demonstrated how shared cultural models link to social practice. This article provides a brief overview of these trends in the study of culture, with an emphasis on how this theory and these methods have been applied in research.
Three-Year Outcomes of Orbital Atherectomy for the Endovascular Treatment of Infrainguinal Claudication or Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia
Authors: Giannopoulos Stefanos , Secemsky Eric A. , Mustapha Jihad A. , Adams George , Beasley Robert E. , Pliagas George , Armstrong Ehrin J.
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To investigate the outcomes of orbital atherectomy (OA) for the treatment of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) manifesting as claudication or chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Materials and Methods: The database from the LIBERTY study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01855412) was interrogated to identify 503 PAD patients treated with any commercially available endovascular devices and adjunctive OA for 617 femoropopliteal and/or infrapopliteal lesions. Cox regression analyses were employed to examine the association between baseline Rutherford category (RC) stratified as RC 2-3 (n=214), RC 4-5 (n=233), or RC 6 (n=56) and all-cause mortality, target vessel revascularization (TVR), major amputation, major adverse event (MAE), and major amputation/death at up to 3 years of follow-up. The mean lesion lengths were 78.7±73.7, 131.4±119.0, and 95.2±83.9 mm, respectively, for the 3 groups. Results: After OA, balloon angioplasty was used in >98% of cases, with bailout stenting necessary in 2.0%, 2.8%, and 0% of the RC groups, respectively. A small proportion (10.8%) of patients developed angiographic complications, without differences based on presentation. During the 3-year follow-up, claudicants were at lower risk for MAE, death, and major amputation/death than patients with CLTI. The 3-year Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were 84.6% for the RC 2-3 group, 76.2% for the RC 4-5 group, and 63.7% for the RC 6 group. The 3-year freedom from major amputation was estimated as 100%, 95.3%, and 88.6%, respectively. Among CLTI patients only, the RC at baseline was correlated with the combined outcome of major amputation/death, whereas RC classification did not affect TVR, MAE, major amputation, or death rates. Conclusion: Peripheral artery angioplasty with adjunctive OA in patients with CLTI or claudication is safe and associated with low major amputation rates after 3 years of follow-up. These results demonstrate the utility of OA for patients across the spectrum of PAD.
Intumescent flame retardant finishing for polypropylene nonwoven fabric
Authors: Qi Peng , Wang Xuefei , Wang Yufei , Gu Xiaoyu , Zhang Sheng
Published: July 2020

This work reports our recent efforts on improving the fire safety of nonwoven polypropylene fabric by increasing surface polarity followed by a conventional finishing. The fabric was firstly surface treated in a surfactant solution containing cetyltrimethylammonium chloride under ultrasonic to increase the hydrophilicity, and then was treated by a pad-dry process with a water solution of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol. The contact angle of polypropylene fabric treated with 0.2% cetyltrimethylammonium chloride was decreased to 71° from 130° of the control sample. The flammability was evaluated by limiting oxygen index, vertical flammability test, and cone calorimetry test. The limiting oxygen index value was increased to 23.5% from 18.1%, the peak heat release rate was decreased to 159.1 from 292.5 kW/m2, and the melt dripping was completely eliminated by the finishing treatment. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that treated polypropylene fabric samples had higher thermal stability and formed more char residue in high temperature range (above 450 °C) than the control polypropylene sample. The char morphology observation by scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the treated fabric sample formed continuous char structure without voids, which effectively isolated underlying polypropylene fabric materials from fire and oxygen. It is proposed that decomposition compounds from both cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and ammonium polyphosphate catch free radicals in the gas phase, and the presence of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol promote char formation in the condensed phase during the burning process of polypropylene fabric.
Elevated MYO10 Predicts Poor Prognosis and its Deletion Hampers Proliferation and Migration Potentials of Cells Through Rewiring PI3K/Akt Signaling in Cervical Cancer
Authors: He Jian-Hui , Chen Jian-Guo , Zhang Bin , Chen Jing , You Ke-Li , Hu Jie-Mei , Xu Jia-Wen , Chen Le
Published: July 2020

MYO10, recognized as an important regulator of cytoskeleton remodeling, has been reported to be associated with tumorigenesis. However, its functional implication in cervical cancer and potential mechanism still remain to be undetermined currently. MYO10 level in cervical cancer tissues was analyzed by using data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas and ONCOMINE databases. Messenger RNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Small-interfering RNA and overexpressing plasmid were used for MYO10 silencing and overexpression, and cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8. Transwell assays were performed to investigate the ability of cell migration and invasion. MYO10 was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues and cells when compared to normal controls, and survival analysis showed patients with high MYO10 expression had worse overall survival. Moreover, knockdown/overexpression of MYO10 significantly inhibited/enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and migration capabilities of cervical cells transfected with siRNAs/overexpressing plasmid. Additionally, MYO10 silencing inhibited PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation status of PI3K and AKT. Data from the present study indicated that MYO10 were overexpressed in patients with cervical cancer and positively linked with poor prognosis. Experimental results suggested that MYO10 induced a significant encouraging effect in cervical cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, linked with involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling. Collectively, these results emphasize a novel role for MYO10 overexpression in cervical cancer and provide a potent therapeutic strategy against cervical cancer.
Known and Unknown Aspects of Workplace Bullying: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Gupta Parul , Gupta Urvashi , Wadhwa Simran
Published: July 2020

Last decades showed a high interest in studying the workplace bullying (WB) phenomenon in a variety of disciplines and in a number of WB areas such as concepts and forms of WB, antecedents and consequences of WB, WB interventions, etc. This study offers classification and description of current WB literature, and identifies research gaps to be bridged by further empirical research. In the first part, authors systematically review 167 refereed journal articles, classify the WB research into five main research themes and summarize their findings. In the second part, the article uncovers various unknown aspects of WB and provides concrete directions for future empirical research. Thrust areas of attention are highlighted for industry and policy makers.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Foreign Accent Syndrome: A Single-Case Experimental Design
Authors: Birdsey Nicola , Millar Josie F. A.
Published: July 2020

Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) has historically been attributed to a neurological etiology. However, recent research has identified psychogenic causes of FAS, where patients present to health care services with medically unexplained FAS symptomology. Due to the rare nature of psychogenic FAS, there is currently no evidence-based psychological treatment for this syndrome. Although patients with psychogenic FAS do not meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 diagnostic criteria for a diagnosis of somatization disorder, there are some similarities in presentation between psychogenic FAS and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) criteria for somatic symptom disorder (SSD). These include the presence of distressing and disruptive symptoms that result in increased health care utilization. Given the emerging evidence for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for SSDs, it is arguable that CBT could help patients with psychogenic FAS to manage the psychological distress they experience. This paper aims to explore the use of CBT in reducing the psychological distress of a patient with no organic explanation for FAS using a single-case (A-B) experimental design. The results suggest that CBT was effective in reducing distress, as measured using the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation–Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). This paper highlights the value in using an individualized formulation-driven CBT approach for presentations that do not yet have evidence-based guidelines. In this case, cognitive restructuring, activity scheduling, and stress management appear to be key mechanisms of change in reducing psychological distress associated with FAS.
The Map Is Not the Territory: Considering the Role of School Improvement Plans in Turnaround Schools
Authors: Redding Christopher , Searby Linda
Published: July 2020

School improvement plans (SIPs) are increasingly used to structure the process of setting and monitoring goals. As SIPs are designed to identify and address local problems of practice, there is the possibility that these tools help school leaders initiate and carry out ambitious school improvement. Yet, practical challenges abound in the development and initiation of a SIP. This teaching case describes the process by which one school leader developed the SIP in a turnaround school, how the plan was initially received, and the consequences when she unilaterally initiated change. The potential benefits of school improvement planning, such as goal-setting and progress monitoring, are contrasted with practical constraints associated with plan development.
Decision Points in Higher Education Administration: The Case of Criminal Background Checks
Authors: Saperstein Daniel
Published: July 2020

This hypothetical teaching case illustrates the complex issues that human resources (HR) professionals in higher education may face when making day-to-day employment decisions. This is particularly evident with recruiting and hiring—from applications to interviews, from offers to background checks. Here, an HR professional, with many years of experience but new to higher education, weighs the results of criminal background checks for two Associate Dean positions at a small private university in New York City. As part of the review and decision-making process, the HR professional has a series of meetings with the HR Director, the Dean, and in-house legal counsel. This case considers how HR professionals must navigate through sometimes competing institutional interests.
Breast Cancer in Men: Clinical and Pathological Analysis of 817 Cases
Authors: Spreafico Fernanda Servidoni , Cardoso-Filho Cassio , Cabello Cesar , Sarian Luis Otávio , Zeferino Luiz Carlos , Vale Diama Bhadra
Published: July 2020

The objective of the current study was to describe breast cancer cases in men according to age, stage, and histology, calculating risks compared to women. It is a retrospective cross-sectional study of all breast cancer cases of the Hospital Cancer Registry of São Paulo state, Brazil, 2000–2015. Variables were age, sex, stage, and histology. Absolute numbers and proportions, Mann–Whitney test and prevalence ratio with 95% confidence interval were used.

The study included 93,737 cases, of which 817 were males. The mean age at diagnosis was 60.3 years in men and 56.2 years in women ( p < .001). Stage II was the most common in both sexes (33.9% in men and 36.5% in women). Men had a higher frequency of stage III than women (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.37). Stage 0 was significantly more common in women (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.94). Ductal carcinoma and its variants were the most common histological types in both sexes (88.7% in men and 89.0% in women). Men had a higher frequency of rarer histological types such as papillary (PR 2.17, 95% CI 1.36–3.44) and sarcomas (PR 4.10, 95% CI 1.86–9.01). In conclusion, in men, breast cancer diagnosis occurred in more advanced ages and stages. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the primary histological type observed, although rarer types were more frequent.
Favorable first-pass recanalization rates with NeVa™ thrombectomy device in acute stroke patients: Initial clinical experience
Authors: Akpinar Cetin K , Ozdemir Atilla O , Gurkas Erdem , Bilgic Adnan B , Aykac Ozlem , Inanc Yusuf , Giray Semih
Published: July 2020

Background

The NeVa™ thrombectomy device (Vesalio LLC, Nashville, USA) has been reported to succeed in large vessel occlusion thrombectomy in animal, in-vitro, and clinical studies. Designed with Drop Zone technology, a closed distal tip, and strong expansive radial force, the device demonstrated particular efficiency in resistant “white” thrombi in preclinical research. Our goal is to determine the safety and performance of this novel stent retriever on first-pass rates and overall recanalization.

Methods

The Interventional Neurology Database is a prospectively maintained database of anterior and posterior circulation stroke thrombectomy cases. We retrospectively analyzed cases where the NeVa™ thrombectomy device was used as the first-line treatment strategy. Data collection occurred between January 2019 and January 2020. First-pass recanalization, final recanalization, 90-day functional outcome, complication, and bleeding rates are reported.

Results

One hundred eighteen patients were treated with the NeVa™ thrombectomy device. The mean patient age was 69 ± 14 years, the median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 14, and the median initial Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography score was 8. The median time from groin puncture to successful recanalization was 29 min (interquartile range (IQR): 20–40). First-pass recanalization rates were 56.8% (modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) 2b/3) and 44.9% (mTICI 2c/3). Final successful recanalization rate was 95.8% (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b/3). Favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) was 53% in the “first-pass” subgroup and 42.4% in the total patient population. The median number of passes to achieve the final recanalization score was 1 (IQR 1–2). The rate of embolization into new territory was 1.7%. Four patients (3.3%) had symptomatic hemorrhage.

Conclusions

In our experience, the NeVa™ device demonstrated high first-pass and overall recanalization rates along with a good safety profile.
Blood physiological and flow characteristics within coronary artery circulatory network for human heart based on vascular fractal theory
Authors: Chen Yan-li , Bai Gui-Qiang , Ren Liu-xing , Bai Yang , Sun Meng-yao , Shang Tao , Ma Chun-ye , Ma Da-shi
Published: July 2020

To analyze the fractal form of the vascular network in the human circulatory system, the optimal transport effect has been achieved from the point of view of biological evolution. The blood flow mathematical models based on the fractal theory for capillary network and arteriole–capillary vascular fractal network were established using theory derivation, and the blood flow characteristics, dynamic flow resistance effects, and vascular fractal physiology property based on the fractal porous medium theory for the coronary artery circulatory network were analyzed under the consideration of some influencing factors, namely, non-Newtonian fluid characteristics of blood, hemocoagulation and embolization effect in capillaries, and plasma mass flow effects. Moreover, the Poiseuille flow equation is modified by introducing the correction function, and the flow model of blood in the vascular network is established. Obviously, the relationship characteristics between blood flow and bifurcation grade in fractal vascular, fractal dimension in the arteriole–capillary vascular network, fractal dimensions of the diameter of capillary tubular diameter, fractal dimensions of capillary blood vessels, blood Casson yield stress, and ratio of red blood cell radius to capillary diameter can be obtained. And the relationship characteristics between blood flow resistance and ratio of erythrocyte radius to capillary diameter, ratios of the distance between adjacent red blood cells to the radius of red cells, and bifurcation grade can be obtained. Finally, the clinical verification tests were accomplished to verify the theory is worthy of authenticity and rationality where the curve tendencies are very similar with those obtained by numerical simulations based on the theoretical models and experimental test showed that the theoretical calculation and simulation analysis of blood circulation system of fractal vascular network were reasonable and applicable by means of experimental relative method because of the maximum relative error is less than 10%, whatever fractal dimension m changes under different conditions.