bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nature-Inspired 1-phenylpyrrolo[2,1-A]isoquinoline Scaffold for Novel Antiproliferative Agents Circumventing P-Glycoprotein-Dependent Multidrug Resistance
Authors: Nevskaya Alisa A. , Purgatorio Rosa , Obydennik Arina , Anikina Lada , Nevskaya Elena Yu. , Borisova Tatiana N. , Varlamov Alexey V. , Niso Mauro , Colabufo Nicola Antonio , Carrieri Antonio , Catto Marco , De Candia Modesto , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Altomare Cosimo D.
Published: March 2024

Previous studies showed that some lamellarin-resembling annelated azaheterocyclic carbaldehydes and related imino adducts, sharing the 1-phenyl-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline (1-Ph-DHPIQ) scaffold, are cytotoxic in tumor cells and may reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Herein, we synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity in four tumor cell lines (RD, HCT116, HeLa, A549) and ability of inhibiting P-gp-mediated MDR some ten diversely substituted 1-Ph-DHPIQ derivatives bearing at position 2 carboxylate groups (COOH, COOEt), nitriles (CN) and Mannich bases (e.g., morpholinomethyl derivatives). Lipophilicity parametrization and molecular docking calculations improved the understanding of the structure-activity relationships in cytotoxicity and P-gp inhibition of the investigated 1-Ph-DHPIQs, which led us to disclose a novel Mannich base HCl salt (8b’), which proved to be cytotoxic to all the tested tumor cell lines in the low micromolar range (IC50 < 20 M) and to inhibit in-vitro the efflux pumps P-gp and MRP1 responsible for MDR, with IC50s of 0.45 and 12.1 M, respectively.
Unlocking the Power of Light on the Skin: A Comprehensive Review on Photobiomodulation
Authors: Hernández-Bule María Luisa , Naharro-Rodriguez Jorge , Bacci Stefano , Fernández-Guarino Montserrat
Published: March 2024

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a procedure that uses light to modulate cellular functions and bio-logical processes. Over the past decades, PBM has gained considerable attention for its potential in various medical applications due to its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects. This narrative review article examines the existing literature on PBM, encompassing research studies, clinical trials, and technological developments. This review highlights the mechanisms of action underlying PBM, including the interaction with cellular chromophores and the activation of in-tracellular signaling pathways. The evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in clinical practice is summarized with a special emphasis on der-matology. Furthermore, advancements in PBM technology, such as novel light sources and treat-ment protocols, are discussed in the context of optimizing therapeutic outcomes and improving patient care. This narrative review underscores the promising role of PBM as a non-invasive therapeutic approach with broad clinical applicability. Despite the need for further research to develop standard protocols, PBM holds great potential for addressing a wide range of medical conditions and enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare practice.
Analysis of Energy Efficiency Opportunities for a Public Transportation Maintenance Facility—A Case Study
Authors: Higgins Jordan , Ramnarayan Aditya , Family Roxana , OHADI MICHAEL M
Published: March 2024

A comprehensive Energy Audit of a Maintenance facility was performed to assess its energy performance and identify scope for improvement. The facility’s Energy Use Intensity (EUI) for 2022 was 404 kWh/m2 — more than double the Benchmark EUI for Maintenance facilities (151 kWh/m2) recommended by EnergyStar. Furthermore, the Load Factor for 2022 was 0.22, which is lower than the recommended minimum of 0.75 for an efficient building. The audit encompassed an in-depth evaluation of the building's structural and operational characteristics, comprising HVAC systems, lighting, building envelope, and energy-intensive machinery. An energy model of the building was developed to emulate the baseline building energy performance for 2022. Following the energy model's development and validation, an analysis was conducted to identify energy-intensive areas and opportunities for optimization. Energy Efficiency Measures were then formulated, focusing on improving energy efficiency while focusing on energy consumption reduction and GHG emission reduction. Results demonstrated the potential of Energy Audits and Modeling to enable significant reductions in energy consumption and promote sustainable building practices. Among the Energy Efficiency Measures considered, re-sizing and decarbonizing HVAC equipment contributed the most to energy savings, with a 100% decrease in natural gas and 37% decrease in electricity use annually.
Parents’ Participation in Care during Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Stay in COVID-19 Era: A Quantitative Observational Study
Authors: Buccione Emanuele , Scarponcini Fornaro Davide , Pieragostino Damiana , Natale Luca , D'Errico Adelaide , Chiavaroli Valentina , Rasero Laura , Bambi Stefano , Della Pelle Carlo , Di Valerio Susanna
Published: March 2024

Background: During the stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, parents play a crucial role in the care of their infants. Recent studies reported a decrease in parental participation due to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic that determined restricted access policies in hospitals. The aim of this study is to describe the barriers to a good parents’ participation during the stay in the neonatal intensive care unit in the COVID-19 era. Methods: A quantitative observational study was carried out. Results: 270 parents participated in this study. Mothers’ participation in care seems to be higher as compared to fathers (p = 0.017). Parents who lived the birth of their first child reported a better level of participation in care when compared to those who lived the birth of their second born (p = 0.005). Parents of extremely preterm neonates reported a lower interaction with their infant if compared to parents of term newborns (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Some more disadvantaged categories have reported lower scores: cultural and linguistic minorities, parents of multiple children and fathers. COVID-19 pandemic made several Family Centred Care activities not possible with a higher impact on those who benefited the most of these facilities. This study was prospectively registered by the IRB-CRRM of the University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara on the 23/01/2024 with registration number CRRM;2023_12_07_01.
Efficacy and Safety of Pulse Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Pediatric Epileptic Encephalopathies: Timing and Networks Consideration
Authors: Russo Angelo , Mazzone Serena , Landolina Laura , Colucci Roberta , Baccari Flavia , Fetta Anna , Boni Antonella , Cordelli Duccio Maria
Published: March 2024

Background: epileptic encephalopathies (EE) are characterized by severe drug-resistant seizures, early-onset, and unfavorable developmental outcome.
We describe a cohort of pediatric patients with EE who underwent intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) pulse therapy to examine its efficacy/tolerability.
Methods: This is a retrospective study from 2020 to 2023. Inclusion criteria were: ≤18 years at the time of IVMP pulse therapy and at least 6 months of follow-up. Efficacy and outcome, defined as seizure reduction >50% (responder rate), were evaluated at 6 and 9 months of therapy, and 6 months after therapy suspension; quality of Life (QoL) was also assessed.
Variables predicting positive post-IVMP outcomes were identified using statistical analysis.
Results: Twenty-one patients were included. The responding rate was 85.7% at 6 and 9 months of therapy, and 80.9% at 6 months after therapy suspension.
Variables significantly predicting favorable outcome were etiology (p =0,0475) and epilepsy type (p =0,0475), with the best outcome achieved in patients with genetic epilepsy and those with encephalopathy related to electrical status epilepticus during slow-wave sleep (ESES). All patients evidenced improved QoL at the last follow-up. No relevant adverse events were observed.
Conclusions: Our study confirms the efficacy and high tolerability of IVMP pulse therapy in patients with EE. Genetic epilepsy and ESES were positive predictor of favorable clinical outcome. QOL, EEG features and posture-motor development showed an improving trend as well. IVMP pulse therapy should be considered earlier in patients with EE.
Numerical Modelling of a Female Brain: Effect of the Dura Mater
Authors: Pinto Joana R , Gonçalves Sofia M , Fernandes Fábio A. O. , Carmo Gustavo , Panzer Matthew B. , Alves de Sousa Ricardo
Published: March 2024

Traumatic Brain Injury represents a significant public health concern due to its role in traumatic death and disability, often caused by head impacts or rapid accelerations. Despite advancements in Finite Element Head Models, existing models primarily represent adult males, neglecting anatomical and physiological differences between genders and age groups. Additionally, the mechanistic roles of specific intracranial tissues, such as the dura mater, have conventionally been overlooked.
To better understand the mechanical behavior of the brain and its injured regions in the context of TBI, including the dura mater, this study proposes the development of a Female Finite Element Head Model. This model, representative of a middle-aged female subject, was developed using medical image-derived geometry and finite element modeling techniques.
The validation results demonstrate a similarity between the numerical displacement curves and those obtained experimentally. In the model with dura mater, the numerical results show analogous behavior to the experimental results, despite minimal variations in the amplitude of the curves.
These advancements highlight the significance of including the dura mater in biomechanical brain modeling. Incorporating the dura mater in Finite Element Head Models produces more realistic results than models without it. This emphasizes the importance of enhancing biomechanical models to better represent anatomical complexity.
Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) and Benzyl Isothiocyanate
Authors: Pintão Ana Maria , Santos Tiago Alexandre Pena , Nogueira Fátima
Published: March 2024

Malaria remains an important and challenging infectious disease, and novel antimalarials are required. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), the main breakdown product of benzyl glucosinolate, is present in all parts of Tropaeolum majus L. (T. majus) and has antibacterial and antiparasitic activities. To our knowledge, there is no information on the effects of BITC against malaria. The present study evaluates the antimalarial activity of BITC and T. majus seeds, leaves, and stems aqueous extracts. We used flow cytometry to calculate the growth inhibition (GI) percentage of the extracts and BITC against unsynchronized cultures of chloroquine-susceptible Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) 3D7-GFP strain. Extracts and/or compounds with at least 70% GI were validated by IC50 estimation against P. falciparum 3D7-GFP and Dd2 (chloroquine-resistant strain) unsynchronized cultures by flow cytometry, and the resistance index (RI) was determined. T. majus aqueous extracts showed some antimalarial activity higher in seeds than in leaves or stems. BITC’s GI was comparable to chloroquine’s. BITC’s IC50 was similar in both strains, thus a cross-resistance absence with aminoquinolines was found (RI < 1). BITC presented features that could open new avenues for malaria drug discovery.
Electrothermal Instabilities in Barium Titanate Based Ceramics
Authors: Krikkis Rizos N.
Published: March 2024

An electrothermal analysis for barium titanate based ceramics is presented combining the Heywang–Jonker model for the electric resistivity with a heat dissipation mechanism based on natural convection and radiation in a one dimensional model on the device level with voltage as the control parameter. Both PTC and NTC effects are accounted for through the double Schottky barriers at the grain boundaries of the material. The problem formulated in this way admits uniform and non–uniform multiple steady state solutions that do not depend on the external circuit. The numerical bifurcation analysis reveals that the PTC effect gives rise to several multiplicites above the Curie point, whereas the NTC effect is responsible for the thermal runaway (temperature blowup). The thermal runaway phenomenon as a potential thermal shock could be among the possible reasons for the observed thermomechanical failures (delamination fracture). The theoretical results for the NTC regime and the thermal runaway are in agreement with experimental flash sintering results obtained for 3% and 8% yttria stabilized zirconia.
Optimising Ion Conductivity in NdBaInO4 Based Phases
Authors: Chen Manyu , Li Cheng , Zhu Kai , Wang Jieyu , Liu Sida , Kong Weina , Ban Zifa , Shen Chao
Published: March 2024

Based on the previous work done by Fujii et al., NdBaInO4 compounds present modest oxide-ion conductivities. Therefore, it has been an attractive system of significant interest. In this paper, the Ca element has been attempted to partially substitute for Nd and the total electrical conductivity has been successfully improved due to the generation of oxygen vacancies. The synthesis, crystal structure, density, surface topography and electrical properties of NdBaInO4 and Ca-doped NdBaInO4 have been studied respectively. NdBaInO4, 10% and 20% molar fraction of Ca doped NdBaInO4 were synthesized through solid state reaction and they were calcined at 1000 °C for 14 hours and sintered at 1440 °C,1430 °C and 1420 °C respectively. The crystal structure of them has been obtained from Le Bail refinement of the XRD pattern, giving the result of the monoclinic structure which belongs to P21/c space group. The size of particles processed with different ball milling time and surface topography have been detected by the scanning electron microscope. The total electrical conductivities of Nd1-xCaxBaInO4-x/2 (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) were measured in the dry atmosphere by AC impedance spectroscopy and Nd0.9Ca0.1BaInO3.95 exhibited the highest total electrical conductivity and the lowest activation energy. What is more, the total conductivity of Nd0.9Ca0.1BaInO3.95 in the wet atmosphere at moderate temperature is relatively higher than that in the dry atmosphere while this phenomenon was not found in NdBaInO4. Therefore, the excess conductivity suggests that potential proton conduction may exist in wet atmospheres. In addition, Ca-doped NdBaInO4 were chosen for the oxygen isotope exchange which aims to obtain the diffusion coefficient and surface exchange coefficient, and Nd0.9Ca0.1BaInO3.95 shows the highest diffusion coefficient and D* decreases with the increase of the molar fraction of the Ca element.
Severe Malaria in Angola: Clinical Profile and Disease Outcome among Adults from a Low-Endemic Area
Authors: Morais Inês , Rodrigues Soraia , Mas Aida , Escalon Serguei , Borrego Adalzira , Nogueira Fatima , Antunes Maria Lina
Published: March 2024

Severe malaria is a major public health concern in Angola, particularly among adults, with limited data on clinical outcomes and manifestations. The study therefore assessed the clinical manifestations and outcome of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adult patients admitted to Hospital Central Dr. António Agostinho Neto of Lubango, Angola. The study retrospectively reviewed the individual records of patients over 14 years old, admitted for severe malaria during the first trimester of 2021 and 2022. World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to define severity. A total of 640 patients were recorded into the study, 167 in 2021 and 473 in 2022, distributed across the departments; Intensive Care Unit (ICU; n=81), Medicine (MED; n=458) and Infectiology (INF; n=101). The median age was 26 years and 59.4% were males. The most common manifestation of severe malaria was renal impairment (37.4%). The overall mortality rate was 7% and decreased considerably from 10.2% in 2021 to 5.9% in 2022. The increase in malaria cases during 2022 with increased in prevalence of life-threatening signs like renal impairment, jaundice and impaired conscience, underscores the urgent need for enhanced malaria control and surveillance strategies to mitigate morbidity and mortality, highlighting the potential for antimalarial drug resistance.
Advancing GCT Management: A Review of miR-371a-3p and Other miRNAs in Comparison to Traditional Serum Tumor Markers
Authors: Seales Crystal L , Puri Dhruv , Yodkhunnatham Nuphat , Pandit Kshitij , Yuen Kit , Murray Sarah , Smitham Jane , Lafin John T , Bagrodia Aditya
Published: March 2024

MicroRNAs, short non-protein coding RNAs, are overexpressed in GCTs. Circulating levels of germ cell tumor (GCT)- associated miRNAs, such as miR-371a-3p, can be utilized as efficient and cost-effective alternatives in diagnosing and managing patients presenting with GCTs. This quality of miRNAs has demonstrated favorable performance characteristics as a reliable blood-based biomarker with high diagnostic accuracy compared to current serum tumor markers (STMs) including α-fetoprotein (AFP), beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The conventional STMs exhibit limited specificity and sensitivity. Potential clinical implications of miRNAs include impact on de-escalating or intensifying treatment, detecting recurrence at earlier stages, and lessening the necessity of cross-sectional imaging or invasive tissue biopsy for non-teratomatous GCTs. Here we also highlight the outstanding issues that must be addressed prior to clinical implementation. Standards for measuring circulating miRNAs and determining ideal cutoff values are essential for integration into current clinical guidelines.
Measuring Cliff Top and Cliff Face Retreat Rates of a Coastal Drumlin Using Structure-from-Motion in Galway Bay, Ireland.
Authors: Rink Gregor M. , Farrell Eugene J. , Bromley Gordon R.M.
Published: March 2024

The rapid retreat of coastal cliffs poses a profound risk to property, transport infrastructure and public safety both in Ireland and globally. This study combines historical data (maps and orthophotos, 1842 to 2000) with contemporary UAV surveys (2019 to 2023) to quantify cliff top and cliff face retreat along a 250 m wide coastal drumlin at Silverstrand in Galway Bay, Ireland. Retreat rates for the cliff top and cliff face were calculated using 2D mapping and 3D modelling, respectively. Critically, the choice of method appears to have a major impact on apparent rates of cliff top retreat, with output from the 2D mapping approach (0.14 +/- 0.02 m yr-1) being double that of the 3D modelling approach (0.08 +/- 0.02 m year-1). The aperiodic development of a talus cone, which offers temporary protection to the cliff from storm waves, also influences the estimation of cliff retreat. The repeat cycles of talus slope formation and removal in this high wave energy climate suggest that the drumlin transitions between a periodically transport-limited system and supply limited system over short- and long-time periods, respectively, on the continuum of cliff types. These results warrant further research to identify and quantify the rates, patterns, drivers (marine and subaerial processes), and timing of cliff retreat rates in response to climate change.
EFFECT OF PENICILLIUM SPECIES ON THE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE OF ALCALIGENES FAECALIS
Authors:   Shaqra University, Alkhalil Samia S.
Published: March 2024

Background: Infectious diseases due to antibiotic resistant pathogens are a global public health problem, with the impact been particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at determining the potential effect of bacterial–fungal interaction on the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Alcaligenes faecalis. Materials and Method: Alcaligenes faecalis was isolated from water samples. The isolate was identified using the conventional biochemical tests and the 16S rRNA molecular sequencing technique. Additionally, Penicillium species was isolated and identified based on colony morphological characteristics and microscopic features. Standardized isolates were co-cultured cultured in broth medium. Antibiotic susceptibility evaluation of the Alcaligenes faecalis from the co-culture and the original Alcaligenes faecalis was carried out using the Kirby bauer disk diffusion method. Results: The antibiotic susceptibility profile of Alcaligenes faecalis before and after co-culture remained largely unchanged except in the case of chloramphenicol, were the isolate showed reduced susceptibility. Molecular analysis of resistance gene revealed the absence of tested gene encoding antibiotic resistance, including the streptomycin resistance (str) genes (STRA and STRB) and the erythromycin resistance methylase (ERM) gene. Conclusion: Further research involving a wide spectrum of microorganisms and their interactions should be conducted to acquire a thorough understanding of the influence of microbial interactions on antibiotic susceptibility profiles in order to pave way for novel strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance.
Reuse of Orthopaedic Equipment
Authors: Tsay Ellen L. , Sabharwal Sanjeev
Published: March 2024

» Reuse of orthopaedic equipment is one of many potential ways to minimize the negative impact of used equipment on the environment, rising healthcare costs and disparities in access to surgical care.

» Barriers to widespread adoption of reuse include concerns for patient safety, exposure to unknown liability risks, negative public perceptions, and logistical barriers such as limited availability of infrastructure and quality control metrics.

» Some low- and middle-income countries have existing models of equipment reuse that can be adapted through reverse innovation to high-income countries such as the United States.

» Further research should be conducted to examine the safety and efficacy of reusing various orthopaedic equipment, so that standardized guidelines for reuse can be established.
Analysis Of Occupational Safety and Health in Islamic Worldview
Authors: Sulthanmalonga Romzy , Awan Malik Sakhi Sultan , Mujtaba M. Shohibul
Published: March 2024

Occupational safety and health or OSH are all activities to guarantee and protect the safety and health of workers through efforts to prevent work accidents and work-related diseases. If viewed from an Islamic point of view, OSH is very relevant to Islamic teachings, where OSH with the aim of its work is to prosper the Islamic world itself is a religion as well as a way of life, or even a civilization. In it are all the values and rules needed by every human being at all times. The research objective is to analyze Occupational Safety and Health in an Islamic worldview. The method used in this research is the library research method, namely research that refers to written sources or refers to literature related to the OSH research theme in an Islamic Worldview perspective. the result of the research is that OSH has the principles of an Islamic worldview, namely, OSH as a form of human endeavor to anticipate an accident, of course based on an understanding of reality. Meanwhile, the ISLAMIC WORLDVIEW as a point of view based on Islamic values, so that all one's actions will reflect Islamic values.
Idāratu Takhṭīṭ Barnāmij Al-Masraḥīyyah Fī Manẓūr Mahārāt Al-Qarni Al-Ḥādī Wa Al-ʿIsyrīn
Authors: Fauzi Firman Nurul , Arifa Zakiyah
Published: March 2024

Managing the planning in the program, in turn, serves as a guide for defining the strategy you will implement. On the other hand, twenty-first (21st) century skills are one of the skills that can help program planning. This study aims to describe the planning Masrahiyah program in the Arabic language education department. The descriptive qualitative method is applied due to the research aims, with interviews, observation, and documentation as the data collection method. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman method of following instructions and data, presenting the data, and summarizing or deducing. The results of this research are: 1) Masrahiyan program has two models, top-down and bottom-up, and SWOT analysis is used to set goals in this program. 2) From the twenty-first (21st) century skill perspective, the Masrahiyah showed that it has many skills; communication, creativity, and cooperation. There needed to be more using language for some students because of a lack of interest in using the Arabic language.إدارة تخطيط سبب رئيسي في نجاح البرنامج بدورها كإرشاد لتعيين الإستراتجية التي ستطبقها في إجراء البرنامج. ومهارات القرن الحادي والعشرين هي إحدى المهارات التي يمكن مساعدتها في إدارة تخطيط البرنامج. تهدف هذا البحث لوصف عملية إدارة تخطيط برنامج المسرحية في قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم الإسلامية الحكومية مالانج في منظور مهارات القرن الحادي والعشرين. المدخل الكيفي ونوع الوصفي هما منهجية البحث المستخدمة لوصف حالة واقعية شمولية وطبيعية على عملية إدارة تخطيط. وأما أسلوب جمع البيانات المستخدمة هي الملاحظة والمقابلة والوثائق. وتحليل البيانات المستخدمة هي طريقة ميلس و هوبرمان بثلاثة إجراءات يعني تحفيض البيانات وعرض البيانات والتلخيص أو الاستنتاج. ونتائج هذا البحث هي: 1) استخدام برنامج المسرحية نموذجين هي من الأعلى إلى الأسفل (top dwon) ومن الأسفل إلى الأعلى (bottom up) وتحليل SWOT الذي استخدامه لتعيين الأهداف في هذا المرنمج وأي الذي يتم الانتباه فيه. 2) وفي منظور مهارات القرن الحادي والعشرين أكثر المهارات المتدربة في إدارة تخطيط المسرحية هي المهارة التوصلية والابداعية والتعاونية. ولكن لم يوجد فيها كثيرا من عملية ترقية مهارات اللغوية، لأن فيها قلة الاهتمام في استخدام اللغة العربية إما مهارة اللغة الستقبالية أو الإنتاجية.
دور اللغة العربية في تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي لتقدم الحضارة العالمية الحديثة
Authors: Hidayat Ipan , Al Fudiah Nurul , Hidayat Tatang
Published: March 2024

تتحول الحضارة العالمية الحديثة بشكل سريع إلى أن تصل مخرجاتها المهمة باكتشاف نظام الذكاء الاصطناعي. وهذا البحث يتناول أسباب تقدم حضارتها على ضوء الحضارة الإسلامية قديما ويستعرض الآثار الفذة للغة العربية لكونها أداة التواصل الاجتماعي وعاملا من العوامل المؤثرة في ازدهار الحضارة الإسلامية وعلاقتها بالتطورات الهائلة في تطبيق الآلات التكنولوجية الحديثة التي تستند كثيرا إلى فنون العلم التي أسسها العلماء المسلمون السابقون. وجرى الباحثان في بحثهما مستخدمَي المدخل النوعي والمنهج المكتبي والوصفي حيث قاما بتحليل كتاب التعليم بناء على البيانات والمعلومات المجمعة. أما نتيجة البحث هي الذكاء الاصطناعي يتمثل أهم مخرجات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة لتعدد استخداماتها في التطبيقات التعليمية والطبية والمجالات الاقتصادية والعسكرية والاصطناعية وغيرها. وأن تقدم الحضارة العالمية الحديثة مع ظهور الذكاء الاصطناعي وتطوره بشكل كبير في تغيير مجرى التاريخ الإنساني لا يمكن احترازه من مساهمة اللغة العربية بحيث إن التطور لن يحدث إلا باعتماده على مراجعة ودراسة نظريات المسلمين ولا تزال للذكاء الاصطناعي في تطويره مرجعا أساسيا، و بالاعتماد على مؤلفات العلماء المسلمين التي كتبت باللغة العربية مثل كتاب الجبر والمقابلة للخوارزمي. إذن، فالعربية تشكل جسرا في انتقال الحضارة العالمية القديمة إلى العصر الحديث. ومن أهم أسباب تقدمها أن المسلمين في الحضارة الإسلامية اهتموا بلغة دينهم التي هي اللغة العربية وعبروا بها عن أغراضهم وفي المصطلحات العلمية والاجتماعية وغيرها من الأمور، حتى أن كانت العربية لغة الحضارة الإسلامية ولغة الحضارة العالمية القديمة.الكلمات الافتتاحية: الحضارة العالمية الحديثة، الذكاء الاصطناعي، دور اللغة العربية.
The Problem of Successful Communication in the Works of N.I. Zhinkin: Author and Reader
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of Psychological and Multidisciplinary Research, Mironova K.V.
Published: March 2024

В основе речевой коммуникации человека лежит стремление к самовыра­жению, освоению и пониманию действительности, самого себя и других. Очевидно, что проблемы коммуникации актуальны как для устной речи, так и для письменной, в том числе выраженной в художественной форме. Исследование процессов коммуникации занимало центральное место в сфе­ре научных интересов русского психолога и философа Николая Ивановича Жинкина. Будучи специалистом в области психологии мышления и речи, он предложил оригинальный подход к изучению текста как целостного пси­холингвистического явления. Для осмысления проблем взаимодействия между интеллектом, речью и языком он вводит понятие универсального предметного кода (УПК), который позволяет преобразовывать мысли в зна­ки сначала во внутренней речи, а затем во внешней. Н.И. Жинкин был не только выдающимся теоретиком, но и практиком. Он хорошо знал про­блемы современного образования, поэтому во многих его научных работах содержатся рекомендации для педагогов (в том числе по развитию устной и письменной речи школьников, формированию навыков выразительного чтения и др.). В статье психолингвистическая концепция Н.И. Жинкина бу­дет рассмотрена применительно к проблеме коммуникативного взаимодей­ствия читателя с художественным текстом, а также будет выявлено ее прак­тическое значение для современной философии образования.
Justification of Moral Duty in the Ethics of J.S. Mill
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prokofyev A.V.
Published: March 2024

В статье на материале этики Джона Стюарта Милля обсуждается вопрос о существовании такого обоснования морального долга, которое свойствен­но именно утилитаристкой этике или в наибольшей степени ей соответ­ствует. Автор реконструирует «доказательство принципа пользы», содержа­щееся в четвертой главе трактата «Утилитаризм», демонстрирует его связь с эмпиристcкими (индуктивистскими) установками моральной философии Дж.С. Милля, а также показывает, что вторая часть этого доказательства может быть проинтерпретирована двояко. Во-первых, в ней можно увидеть демонстрацию преимуществ утилитаристской нормативной программы то­му человеку, который уже сделал «моральное допущение», то есть уже счи­тает необходимым исполнять моральный долг и лишь уточняет его содер­жание. Основания «морального допущения» приходится искать в этом случае в других фрагментах «Утилитаризма» – тех, которые посвящены за­интересованности агента в моральном поведении других людей, а также роли, которую суждения индивидов, обладающих разнообразным опытом и имеющих привычку к «самосознанию и самонаблюдению», должны иг­рать в выборе образа жизни другими людьми. Во-вторых, вторую часть до­казательства можно воспринимать как одновременную демонстрацию ра­зумности моральных убеждений и необходимости их наполнения именно утилитаристским содержанием. В первом случае миллевское обоснование морального долга будет родственно стратегическому эгоизму или интуити­визму. Во втором случае оно будет ближе к кантианской традиции в мораль­ной философии. То, что в этике Милля можно обнаружить разные концепции обоснования морального долга, свидетельствует о том, что преимуществен­ной связи между утилитаризмом и каким-то одним вариантом обоснования морального долга не существует.
Civilizations – Real, Imaginary or Constructed Communities?
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Granin Y.D.
Published: March 2024

В статье анализируется проблема «методологической ревизии цивилиза­ционного подхода» к анализу истории человечества, которую предлагают осуществить сторонники социального конструкционизма. В этом контексте обсуждаются «трудные вопросы» конструктивизма, критикуются теорети­ческие основания социального конструкционизма как одного из вариантов анти-реализма в эпистемологии и науке. По мнению автора, цивилизаци­онный подход, который долгие годы формировался в пространстве исто­рической макросоциологии, продуктивно вернуть в область «философии истории». В этом случае понятие «цивилизация» обретает философско-ис­торическое содержание, фиксирующее многовековой процесс «цивилиза­ции человечества», выраженный в многообразии его конкретно-историче­ских форм: то есть «локальных цивилизаций», различающихся между собой «порядками» совместной жизни и основанными на них «моделями развития», которые они стремятся распространить за пределы своих исто­рических территорий на значительные расстояния. Тем самым эмпирически наблюдаемые глобализация человечества и периодическая смена «центров» мирового развития получат еще одно – цивилизационное – объяснение. Предлагаемое понимание цивилизационного анализа истории человечества основывается на социально-исторической версии социального конструкти­визма, не исключающей, а предполагающей «естественно-исторический» и «проектируемый» характер осуществления антропоистории.
Autobiography as a Philosophical Genre: Robin G. Collingwood and Herbert Read
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kedrova M.O.
Published: March 2024

Исследование автобиографии как философского, а не литературного жанра выполнено на материале текстов двух выдающихся английских мыслителей XX в. – Р.Дж. Коллингвуда (1889–1943) и Г. Рида (1893–1968). Цель иссле­дования – показать, каким образом философские взгляды того или иного мыслителя преломляются в автобиографической прозе. В статье показана рефлексия Р.Дж. Коллингвуда и Г. Рида относительно развития их мышле­ния, относительно того, что они сами считают самым важным в своей фи­лософии. Главными объектами рассмотрения становятся два текста: «Авто­биография» Р.Дж. Коллингвуда, написанная в 1939 г., и книга Герберта Рида «Противоречивый опыт: автобиографии» (опубликована в 1963 г.). Кроме этих основных текстов автор статьи обращается и к другим работам Кол­лингвуда и Рида, показывая связь их автобиографий со всем их творче­ством. Автобиография Коллингвуда представляет собой чистую мысль, освобожденную от всего материального, телесного, природного и веще­ственного, и в этом она идеально сочетается с философией Коллингвуда в целом. Противоположный вектор виден в автобиографии Рида, для кото­рого эмоции, переживания, опыт восприятия внешнего мира, опыт взаимо­действия с природой, эстетический опыт являются важнейшими частями жизни человека. Однако у Рида и Коллингвуда есть одно общее выражение: «пробуждающийся разум»; оба они рассказывают историю пробуждения своего сознания, становления самосознания.
Japanese Thinker Fukuzawa Yukichi: Transformations of His Image
Authors:   HSE University, Meshcheryakov A.N.
Published: March 2024

Заслуги Фукудзавы Юкити (1835–1901) в деле формирования современной (после революции Мэйдзи) Японии весьма велики. Он написал множество работ, знакомящих японцев с достижениями западной цивилизации. Фукуд­зава основал также первый в стране частный университет Кэйо и тем са­мым внес значительный вклад в становление системы образования. В Япо­нии его принято считать великим просветителем. Вместе с тем оценки деятельности Фукудзавы и его идей претерпевали существенные измене­ния. К концу жизни он был неотъемлемой частью истеблишмента. Положи­тельное отношение к нему официоза сохранялось и некоторое время после его смерти, но в 1930-е гг. оно изменилось, поскольку идеи Фукудзавы от­носительно независимости и самоуважения личности оказались неприемле­мы для тоталитарного государства. Однако вместе с крахом милитаризма именно эти идеи позволили ему войти в пантеон героев послевоенной де­мократической Японии.
Basic Concepts of Setsuwa Tradition (According to Konjaku monogatari-shū) Part I
Authors:   Institute for Logic, Cognitive Science and Development of Personality, Babkova M.V. , Kolyada M.S. ,   Institute for Logic, Cognitive Science and Development of Personality, Trubnikova N.N. ,   Institute for Logic, Cognitive Science and Development of Personality
Published: March 2024

Определить круг основных понятий для какого-либо жанра словесности мож­но, сравнивая количество упоминаний тех терминов, которые отбирает исследо­ватель исходя из внешних соображений (например, относя изучаемый жанр к буддийским и прилагая к текстам так или иначе построенный буддийский словник), либо выделяя внутри самих текстов данного жанра те слова, которые по каким-нибудь основаниям можно считать терминами, и сравнивая контексты их употребления. Если применить оба этих подхода к традиции японских сред­невековых поучительных рассказов сэцува, мы получим разные, лишь отчасти пересекающиеся ряды. Итоги подобной работы могут быть полезны для про­верки исследовательских оценок текста как близкого к одной или другой тради­ции вне своего жанра или как создающего собственную традицию, и какую именно; для рассмотрения всякого рода влияний внутри большой традиции японской словесности и/или религиозно-философской мысли, для выбора вари­антов при переводе: считать ли какое-либо слово или выражение термином, да­вать ли ему всякий раз одинаковый перевод. «Собрание стародавних повестей» («Кондзку моногатари-сю:», 1120-е гг.) с точки зрения терминологии особенно интересно, поскольку объединяет рассказы из более ранних источников, по-но­вому пересказывая их; на вопрос, можно ли считать получившийся свод неким новым целым, помогает ответить опять-таки изучение основных терминов и их распределения по разным частям собрания. В статье в качестве примеров рас­смотрены ряды понятий «общебуддийского» и «синтоистского» словников, а также более обособленной традиции «пути Темного и Светлого начал», Оммё:до:.
“Philosophy across Boundaries” (towards the Upcoming 25th World Congress of Philosophy)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepanyants M.T.
Published: March 2024

Автор статьи задается вопросом: нет ли противоречия между заявленной темой XXV Всемирного философского конгресса (Рим 2024) и упоминае­мым в программных документах конгресса принципом космополитизма? В самом деле, в современном социально-политическом дискурсе этот прин­цип связывается скорее с апологией глобализма, чем с признанием необхо­димости активно поощрять и защищать разнообразие, объединяя идеи, тра­диции людей со всех континентов и регионов. Рассматривая эволюцию концепта космополитизма от Античности до современности, а также регио­нальную советскую и постсоветскую историю его осмысления, автор при­ходит к выводу, что отождествление понятий «глобализм» и «космополи­тизм» происходит от поверхностного их истолкования. Более глубокий взгляд на проблему позволяет выявить сущностное отличие явлений, обо­значаемых данными понятиями, а также положительные и отрицательные моменты в каждом из них. Автор привлекает суждения ведущих современ­ных зарубежных и отечественных философов, отвечающих на вопросы: ка­кой должна быть философия будущего, философия, переросшая ограниче­ния, когда-то наложенные европоцентричным ее определением; какую роль играет философия в решении глобальных проблем современности. Осо­бо подчеркивается роль культурного диалога и межкультурной философии в решении проблем современного мира.
USO DO GOOGLE EARTH PRO COMO FERRAMENTA DE APRENDIZAGEM DOS CONCEITOS ESTRUTURADORES UTILIZADOS NO ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Batista Gilsomar Sebastião , Da Conceição Joênia , Silva Jairo , Silva Cecília
Published: March 2024

A escola precisa estar atenta ao progresso da tecnologia e usufruir dela como recurso pedagógico para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, cumprindo o seu papel de instituição de ensino para a atual geração de jovens especialmente conectados a realidades virtuais e aos recursos tecnológicos. A Geografia, assim como as demais ciências, passa por um processo de evolução e incorporação das novas tecnologias às suas práticas de ensino. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo apresenta o Google Earth Pro como ferramenta digital para o estudo dos conceitos estruturadores da análise espacial. O estudo realizou-se nas escolas estaduais Geraldo Bittencourt e Pedro Faria, respectivamente nos municípios mineiros de Conselheiro Lafaiete e Governador Valadares, tendo como objetivo propor práticas de ensino utilizando o Google Earth Pro para, a partir da realidade local, realizar discussões sobre os conceitos norteadores da Geografia. A metodologia baseou-se na utilização de imagens obtidas com Google Earth Pro como ferramenta para discutir os conceitos estruturadores da ciência geográfica. Enfatizou os conceitos de lugar, paisagem, região, território, espaço Geográfico e ações antrópicas como modeladora do espaço geográfico. Primeiramente realizou-se uma aula onde se trabalhou os referidos conceitos. Posteriormente utilizou o Google Earth Pro para que os alunos pudessem através das imagens de satélite identificar na sua região elementos que permitem compreender os conceitos a partir da realidade local. Terminando com a troca de experiências entre as duas escolas envolvidas.
Goldbach Conjecture Proof
Authors: Thompson Daniel
Published: March 2024

The Goldbach conjecture was proposed by the German mathematician Christian Goldbach around the year 1742, to another well-known mathematician of that time Leonard Euler. The conjecture has been found to hold for all numbers up to 4 x 10⁸ but remains unproven until now. This paper proves the Goldbach conjecture by showing that elements of the addition of two odd prime numbers produce elements of the resulting even number. The resulting elements from the addition of two odd prime numbers evaluate to an equal amount thus proving that every even number can be expressed as the addition of two odd prime numbers.
MSC: 11-xx.
Wideband High Gain Meatsurface-Based 2×2 MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications
Authors: Salehi Mahdi , Oraizi Homayoon
Published: March 2024

A high gain and wideband MIMO antenna with highly isolated ports allows the 5G technology to provide reliable wireless communication with high data rate, low latency, increased channel capacity, high signal quality, low power, and high data throughput while maintaining the penetration rate. This study presents the design and simulation of two wideband, high gain, metasurface-based 2 x 2 MIMO antennas operating from 2.85 to 4.2 GHz for 5G applications, which satisfy the 5G requisites. The radiating elements of the two MIMO antennas use the aperture coupled feeding technique with a dumbbell shape slot, a metasurface layer that utilizes the surface wave propagation, and a truncated square patch with two U-shaped slots to attain wideband and high gain performance. The power of the feed radiates through the dumbbell shape slot to illuminate the radiating patch, which allows better manipulation of the coupled power compared with the rectangular slot. The proposed MIMO structure places four identical radiating elements like a 2 x 2 matrix with a rotation of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° to produce orthogonal electromagnetic waves, which improves the isolation between ports. Two vertical and horizontal strip slots are engraved on the ground as the decoupling structure to decrease the mutual coupling among the radiating elements. Besides, the aperture-coupled feeding technique increases the independence between the radiating elements by isolating the radiating patches and the microstrip feed lines. The CST and HFSS software are used to simulate the antennas. According to the CST and HFSS simulation results, the highest gain values of the first MIMO design vary from 7.6 to 8.9 dBi and 8.8 to 9.25 dBi over the operational bandwidth, respectively. It achieves less than -32 dB isolation, almost 10 dB diversity gain, and below 0.0002 ECC. However, it experiences 2.2 to 5 dBi back lobe levels. The second MIMO antenna is proposed to kill the back lobe levels and increase the gain while providing high isolation and low mutual coupling. The second antenna put a metal plate at 20 mm beneath the first antenna to achieve peak gain values from 9.5 to 11.75 dBi, isolation below -20 dB, almost 10 dB diversity gain, and ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficients) values below 0.0012 over 2.8 to 4.2 GHz. The achievements show that the radiating elements of both MIMO antennas work independently with minimal mutual coupling, which increases the channel capacity. The comparison with other studies' achievements indicates that the proposed MIMO antennas are among the best candidates for 5G based systems, such as IoT (Internet of Things) applications and vehicular communications.
­Automated Generation of Covering Array Using Gravitational Search Algorithm and Biogeography Based Optimization
Authors: Esfandyari Sajad , Yousofvand liela , Rafe Vahid , Pira Einollah
Published: March 2024

The utilization of combinatorial testing methodologies in software development has become widespread, necessitating the development of efficient strategies for creating high-quality test suites. Covering Array (CA) has emerged as a key component of combinatorial testing, offering various types to fulfill diverse testing requirements. Several strategies have been introduced for generating CAs, each with its own strengths and weaknesses in terms of performance and efficiency. However, there is still a gap in the existence of a strategy that effectively addresses both aspects simultaneously. Moreover, manually collecting software information increases the likelihood of errors and presents challenges due to the complexity of extracting relevant data. To tackle these challenges, this study employs the GROOVE model checker to automate the extraction of variables and their interactions within the software. By adapting the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO), an optimal test suite is generated with enhanced efficiency. The primary objective of this paper is to develop a software model using the GROOVE model checker and utilize its capabilities to extract essential software information. The proposed methodology utilizes GSA and BBO to create CAs with both uniform and variable strength. Additionally, a mechanism is introduced to expedite search operations within data structures. To assess the efficacy of the proposed approach, it is implemented within the GROOVE environment, alongside various other meta-heuristic algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is also externally implemented for comparison with existing strategies. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed solution surpasses other strategies in terms of efficiency and performance.
Impacts of Pediatric Home Mechanical Ventilation on Child and Family Health-Related Quality of life: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Makinde Keisha White , Mitchell Maysara , Merz Alexandra F , Youssef Michael
Published: March 2024

Background
The purpose of this review is to examine and summarize existing literature on pediatric invasive mechanical ventilation in the home environment to understand the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the child as well as the health-related family quality of life (FQOL). The use of invasive home mechanical ventilation is increasing for children with chronic respiratory conditions. Implementing in-home mechanical ventilation requires tremendous family and nursing support and impacts both the child’s quality of life and the family's quality of life.
Methods
Five databases will be searched using keywords and controlled vocabulary to identify relevant studies: Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Articles will meet inclusion criteria if they include primary research studies of children or families of children utilizing invasive home mechanical ventilation at home and assess quality of life. Children and young adults aged 0–25 years will be included. We exclude studies of hospitalized children, studies focused solely on healthcare professional experiences or clinical outcomes, and those focused on the period surrounding discharge from admission for tracheostomy placement. No date or language limits will be applied to the search. During screening, we will consider only English-language studies. Two independent reviewers will screen studies at the title/abstract and full-text levels. Two independent reviewers will extract data from relevant studies. Disagreements will be resolved by an independent third reviewer. Findings will be presented in tables and figures along with a narrative summary.
Discussion
This scoping review seeks to update the current literature and provide a more descriptive report of the factors that impact health-related quality of life in the presence of pediatric home mechanical ventilation.
Systematic Review Registration
Open Science Framework https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6GB84