bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta-iCVIs: Ensemble Validity Metrics for Concise Labeling of Correct, Under- or Over-Partitioning in Streaming Clustering
Authors: Melton Niklas , Petrenko Sasha , Wunsch Donald
Published: December 2022

Understanding the performance and validity of clustering algorithms is both challenging and crucial, particularly when clustering must be done online. Until recently, most validation methods have relied on batch calculation and have required considerable human expertise in their interpretation. Improving real-time performance and interpretability of cluster validation, therefore, continues to be an important theme in improving unsupervised learning. Building upon previous work on incremental cluster validity indices (iCVIs), this paper introduces the Meta-iCVI as a tool for explainable and concise labeling of partition quality in online clustering. Some iCVIs are better at detecting under-partition; others at over-partition. Combining them was hypothesized to improve cluster validation analysis. Experiments were conducted on generalized synthetic and real-world data sets to demonstrate the efficacy and application of this method.

Results of 100% accuracy were achieved in labeling partition quality on real-world data sets including MNIST and FLIR ADAS, demonstrating that the Meta-iCVI is a powerful and efficient tool for classifying partition quality in a variety of conditions. Its introduction should empower new and more efficient streaming clustering techniques. Additionally, we believe this to be the first implementation of an ensemble iCVI metric and the first time iCVI validation performance has been evaluated on randomized sample presentation.
Meta-iCVIs: Ensemble Validity Metrics for Concise Labeling of Correct, Under- or Over-Partitioning in Streaming Clustering
Authors: Petrenko Sasha , Melton Niklas , Wunsch Donald
Published: December 2022

Understanding the performance and validity of clustering algorithms is both challenging and crucial, particularly when clustering must be done online. Until recently, most validation methods have relied on batch calculation and have required considerable human expertise in their interpretation. Improving real-time performance and interpretability of cluster validation, therefore, continues to be an important theme in improving unsupervised learning. Building upon previous work on incremental cluster validity indices (iCVIs), this paper introduces the Meta-iCVI as a tool for explainable and concise labeling of partition quality in online clustering. Some iCVIs are better at detecting under-partition; others at over-partition. Combining them was hypothesized to improve cluster validation analysis. Experiments were conducted on generalized synthetic and real-world data sets to demonstrate the efficacy and application of this method.

Results of 100% accuracy were achieved in labeling partition quality on real-world data sets including MNIST and FLIR ADAS, demonstrating that the Meta-iCVI is a powerful and efficient tool for classifying partition quality in a variety of conditions. Its introduction should empower new and more efficient streaming clustering techniques. Additionally, we believe this to be the first implementation of an ensemble iCVI metric and the first time iCVI validation performance has been evaluated on randomized sample presentation.
Approximating Optimal Estimation of Time Offset Synchronization with Temperature Variations
Authors: Mongelli Maurizio , Scanzio Stefano
Published: December 2022

The paper addresses the problem of time offset synchronization in the presence of temperature variations, which lead to a non-Gaussian environment. In this context, regular Kalman filtering reveals to be suboptimal. A functional optimization approach is developed in order to approximate optimal estimation of the clock offset between master and slave. A numerical approximation is provided to this aim, based on regular neural network training. Other heuristics are provided as well, based on spline regression. An extensive performance evaluation highlights the benefits of the proposed techniques, which can be easily generalized to several clock synchronization protocols and operating environments.
On the Performance Analysis of Full-Duplex Cell-Free Massive MIMO with User Mobility and Imperfect CSI
Authors: Kurma Sravani , Singh Keshav , Sharma Prabhat Kumar , Li Chih-Peng , Tsiftsis Theodoros A.
Published: December 2022

One of the candidate technologies for sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems is cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) communication, which can control inter-cell interference in MIMO systems. This paper investigates the performance of  a full-duplex (FD) CF-mMIMO system with practical limited-capacity fronthaul links. The proposed system employs a large number $M$ distributed FD access points (APs), arbitrarily distributed $K_d$ downlink (DL) and $K_u$ uplink (UL) half-duplex (HD) single-antenna user equipments (UEs), and a central processing unit (CPU). To exploit energy efficiency (EE) and potential throughput gains of FD systems, each AP is linked to the CPU by a fronthaul link with limited capacity that handles the quantized UL/DL data to and from the CPU. On the same spectrum resource, each AP is expected to support $K$ single-antenna HD UEs, where $K = (K_u + K_d)$. Despite having a minimal signal processing complexity, our approach offers a uniform quality of service (QoS) to all UEs while providing improved spectrum efficiency and EE. Imperfect channel state information and mobility of the UEs are also considered. Closed-form expression for the outage probability is derived using the optimal uniform quantization and maximum-ratio combining/maximum-ratio transmission considering the Welch-Satterthwaite approximation. Additionally, the asymptotic and infinite-$M$ outage performance of the proposed system are analytically studied and verified via Monte-Carlo simulation.
A Review of AIoT-based Edge Devices and Lightweight Deployment
Authors: Sun Kailai , Wang Xinwei , Zhao Qianchuan
Published: December 2022

Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) which integrates artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), has attracted increasing attention recently. With the remarkable development of AI, deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success from research to deployment in many applications. However, deploying complex and state-of-the-art (SOTA) AI models on edge applications is increasingly a big challenge. This paper focuses on the convergence of AIoT-based edge devices, lightweight DNNs, and neural network compression. We provide a comprehensive analysis of them and many practical suggestions for researchers: how to obtain/design lightweight DNNs, how to select suitable AI edge devices, and how to compress and deploy them in practice. Finally, future trends and opportunities are presented, including trustworthy AI, federated learning, and robust deployment. 
GND-RI: A Normalized Difference Form More Suitable for Remote Sensing Applications
Authors: zou linxin , Wei Bo
Published: December 2022

The normalized difference index (NDI) originates from NDVI, which has been widely used in remote sensing applications and to guide the development of NDI in other fields due to its excellent performance; however, injective mapping from the original bands to NDI leads to information loss in land cover classification. When NDI is represented as a simple form, it is, furthermore, prone to premature saturation in specific change detection and variable inversion tasks. In this study, we first propose the radius index (RI), a new index to represent illumination variations by using the missing band information from NDI. Based on RI, we develop a generalized NDI (GND) by adding four positive scaling coefficients to NDI foundation, and the value range and sensitivity of GND are adjusted by these four coefficients, which are derived from the statistical information of the study area. The derivation of these four coefficients is, moreover, reversible, making it possible to interpret the applicable range of the derived set of coefficients. Our experiments demonstrate that: 1) GND is more effective in terms of improving saturation than the traditional indices and 2) mapping the original bands to GND-RI (GND combined with RI) can guide classifiers to learn more generalized features based on spectral information and thus achieve higher classification accuracy both in machine learning and the latest deep learning semantic segmentation models. The data and code for the article can be found at https://github.com/Zoulinx/GND . 
GND:A normalized difference form more suitable for remote sensing applications
Authors: zou linxin , Wei Bo
Published: December 2022

The normalized difference index originates from NDVI, which has been widely used in remote sensing applications and to guide the development of normalized difference indices in other fields due to its excellent performance. However, NDVI is insensitive to changes in high vegetation cover and performs poorly in some variable inversion tasks. In fact, this insensitivity comes mainly from the scaling strategy of NDVI for feature bands, rather than in its form of normalized difference. Furthermore, the choice of the coefficients in the above indices is often determined by the evaluation metrics in the experimental results, which is difficult to generalize due to the lack of mathematical interpretation. In this work, we revisit the scaling process of the normalized difference index to feature bands and propose a general normalized difference index, GND, in which four positive scaling coefficients are added and the value range, sensitive region and saturation point of GND are allowed to be freely changed by these four coefficients. Moreover, we supplement the lost band information of GND and use it to construct a new index, RI, and the result is that the mapping of the feature bands bx and by, used by GND, to GND and RI is bijective, and the original information is preserved. Our experiments demonstrate that mapping the original bands to GND and RI can guide the classifier based on spectral information to learn more generalized features, and a higher classification accuracy can be achieved in the latest remote sensing image semantic segmentation.
On the robustness of machine learning models for stress and anxiety recognition from heart activity signals
Authors: Henry John , Lloyd Huw , Turner Martin , Kendrick Connah
Published: December 2022

Many recent studies have addressed the detection of negative affective states such as stress and anxiety from physiological signals taken from body-worn sensors. Typically, machine learning classifiers are applied to features derived from sensor signals, and several authors have reported high accuracy results from a range of signals including cardiac, skin conductance and skin temperature. However, the issue of how robust these models are for deployment in the field is rarely addressed. In this paper, we use open data from two large experimental studies to evaluate the generalizability of models derived from cardiac signals, focusing on detection of stress and anxiety. We choose the cardiac signal since the commonly used heart-rate variability features can be derived from multiple sensor modalities, allowing us to evaluate the robustness of models within, as well as between, experimental settings. We show that consistent classification outside the original experimental setting relies on high-quality training data with minimal artefacts, and that models may often train on proxies within the noise of lower quality data. Our results also underline the importance of including a wide range of emotional states in the training data to minimize erroneous classification from unseen regions of feature space.
On the robustness of machine learning models for stress and anxiety recognition from heart activity signals
Authors: Henry John , Lloyd Huw , Turner Martin
Published: December 2022

Many recent studies have addressed the detection of negative affective states such as stress and anxiety from physiological signals taken from body-worn sensors. Typically, machine learning classifiers are applied to features derived from sensor signals, and several authors have reported high accuracy results from a range of signals including cardiac, skin conductance and skin temperature. However, the issue of how robust these models are for deployment in the field is rarely addressed. In this paper, we use open data from two large experimental studies to evaluate the generalizability of models derived from cardiac signals, focusing on detection of stress and anxiety. We choose the cardiac signal since the commonly used heart-rate variability features can be derived from multiple sensor modalities, allowing us to evaluate the robustness of models within, as well as between, experimental settings. We show that consistent classification outside the original experimental setting relies on high-quality training data with minimal artefacts, and that models may often train on proxies within the noise of lower quality data. Our results also underline the importance of including a wide range of emotional states in the training data to minimize erroneous classification from unseen regions of feature space.
Improving Cataract Surgery Procedure using Machine Learning and Thick Data Analysis
Authors: Singh Chandrashekhar , Fiaidhi Jinan
Published: December 2022

Improving Cataract Surgery Procedure using Machine Learning and Thick Data Analysis
2.1 kV (001)-β-Ga2O3 Vertical Schottky Barrier Diode with High-k Oxide Field Plate
Authors: Roy Saurav
Published: December 2022

We report a vertical β-Ga2O3 Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) with BaTiO3 as field plate oxide on low doped thick epitaxial layer exhibiting 2.1 kV breakdown voltage. A thick drift layer of 11 μm with a low effective doping concentration of 8×1015 cm−3 is used to achieve high breakdown voltage. Using the high-k dielectric with dielectric constant of 248, the breakdown voltage increases from 816V for the non-field-plated SBD to 2152V (>2x improvement) for the field-plated SBD without compromising the on-state performance. The diode dimensions are varied to analyze the effect of edge high-field related leakage with reverse bias and also the effect of current spreading during forward operation. Very uniform distribution of breakdown voltages of 2152V±20V are observed for the diode diameters from 50 μm to 300 μm for the field-plated SBDs. The on and off state power losses are also analyzed and compared with the non-field-plated devices and the switching losses are estimated analytically.
Image Classification using Different Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Alaba Simegnew
Published: December 2022

Artificial Neural Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks have become common tools for classification and object detection, owing to their ability to learn features without prior knowledge. During training, these networks learn the parameters, weights, and biases. This paper proposes a simple Neural Network and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for a classification task. Furthermore, the Bayesian neural network work is reproduced as a baseline for comparing my proposed networks. All experiments were conducted using the MNIST dataset.

While the simple neural networks and the convolutional networks adjust their parameters based on the cost function during training, the Bayesian convolutional neural network updates its parameters based on the backdrop that drives a variational approximation to the true posterior. Hyperparameters such as optimizer, learning rate, regularizers, dropout, epochs, etc., were varied to train the two proposed networks. The proposed networks achieved better classification accuracy, approximately 99\%, than the previously implemented Bayesian convolutional neural network. However, it is difficult to predict the certainty of the predictions made by my proposed networks, unlike Bayesian learning, which makes it easy to do so.  \href{https://github.com/Simeon340703/Classification_Networks}{You can find the code for this work at}.
Image Classification using Different Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Alaba Simegnew
Published: December 2022

Artificial Neural Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks are becoming common tools for classification and object detection tasks due to their power to learn features without prior knowledge. The networks learn the parameters, weights, and biases through training. This paper proposes a simple Neural Network and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to do a classification task. Additionally, the Bayesian neural network work is reproduced to compare the result to my proposed networks and used as a baseline for comparison. The MNIST dataset is used for all experiments. 

The simple neural networks and the convolutional networks adjust the parameters based on the cost function during training, whereas the Bayesian convolutional neural network updates the parameters based on the backdrop that drives a variational approximation to the true posterior. I trained the two proposed networks by varying the hyperparameters: optimizer, learning rate, regularizers, dropout, epochs, and others.  My proposed work gives better classification accuracy, approximately 99 \%, than the previously implemented Bayesian convolutional neural network, but it is difficult to predict how certain the prediction is, which is easy  for Bayesian learning. 
ORB-LINE-SLAM: An Open-Source Stereo Visual SLAM System with Point and Line Features
Authors: Alamanos Ioannis , Tzafestas Costas
Published: December 2022

This paper presents ORB-LINE-SLAM, a real-time hybrid point-line and only-line based visual SLAM system for stereo cameras which can operate in standard CPUs. This work is based on the ORB-SLAM3 open-source library, which is here expanded and adapted to further cope with line features. The main contribution of this paper concerns the introduction of an adaptation scheme, based on an experimentally tuned adapting factor, which aims to achieve a more efficient fusion of point and line features during the SLAM process. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this work constitutes the first open-source visual SLAM system that has the ability to perform effectively by using exclusively line features. This paper also performs a systematic comparison of different error functions used in the bundle adjustment process, to deduce which ones are the more efficient for the visual SLAM problem. The experimental results obtained indicate that the proposed point-line method significantly improves the accuracy of ORB-SLAM3 in challenging conditions. Furthermore, the only-line method implemented in this work, despite its simplified nature, also manages to work in a standalone mode and to successfully complete even difficult sequences with remarkable precision. 
Depression sentiment analysis based on social media content like Twitter
Authors: Kanani Rutvij , Fiaidhi Jinan , Patel Vardhil
Published: December 2022

Everyone may now readily communicate and share their sentiments with individuals around the world thanks to the various social networking platforms. In the current scenario, some people are more extroverted on social media than others around them. In the end, whenever they get into trouble or any situation where they need other people’s help who gives them motivation or who cares, they would not be there because that time sufferer prefers to express their feeling on social media rather than any close once. Therefore, if they are warned in advance, there are some strategies that reduce the stress and mental  health issues that they are experiencing. Due to rising these issues globally, attract many researchers to  focus on the subject and provide some viable solutions, where there is still a need for more research that  provides some efficient results. So finally, we built a project in which it takes users’ tweets as input, and  it will give the result in the form of depression or not using the help of a machine learning algorithm. For  the segmentation of tweets, we are using LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) machine learning algorithm  which is best suited for this task. Not only this but LSTM performs best out of available machine learning  algorithms. All the emotions are identified as neutral, positive, or negative which assists to provide a  solution toward sentiments. Apart from this, we are not focusing on only the English language but we  will try to counter this issue in different languages by translating other languages into English, which  other researchers have missed out on in their research. With the help of these results, the company will  take different steps to mitigate the stress from those users by providing motivational feeds in their feed  section or any other way. 
دور المؤسسات المالية الإسلامية في التنمية الاقتصادية
Authors: راضي مازن , طعيمه عقيل
Published: December 2022

إن عملية التنمية الاقتصادية تتطلب رؤوس أموال طويلة الاجل، وان المؤسسات المالية الإسلامية لا تستطيع تمويل الاستثمارات المتوسطة وطويلة الاجل بسبب قلة الأرصدة المتوافرة لديها، فان الحل الأمثل لدعم وتحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية في الدول الإسلامية، يتم من خلال تعبئة المدخرات من أصحاب الفائض التمويلي، وتوجيهها نحو أصحاب العجز التمويلي لتحويلها الى استثمارات مختلفة ومشاريع منتجة وحيوية تسهم في عملية التنمية الاقتصادية. لقد اعتمد الباحث أسلوب التحليل الوصفي والاستقرائي والتاريخي عند معالجة موضوع دور المؤسسات المالية الإسلامية في تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية.
وينقسم البحث الى مقدمة ومبحثين، يتضمن المبحث الأول (دور المصارف الإسلامية في التنمية الاقتصادية) اما المبحث الثاني فيتضمن (دور الاسواق المالية الإسلامية في التنمية الاقتصادية).
ممارسات الموارد البشرية في تعزيز السلوك الابداعي للعاملين دراسة تحليلية لآراء عينة من أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في الكليات الاهلية/ محافظة بابل
Authors: راضي جواد , جبار اسامة
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث الى اختبار دور مرونة الموارد البشرية المتمثلة بـ (مرونة المهارات, ومرونة السلوك, ومرونة ممارسات الموارد البشرية) في تعزيز السلوك الابداعي بأبعاده المتمثلة بـ (استكشاف الفرصة, وتوليد الفكرة, والترويج للفكرة, وتنفيذ الفكرة)، اعتمد الباحثان على المنهج الوصفي الاحصائي وباستخدام  الاستبانة من اجل قياس مستوى توافر متغيرات البحث لدى عينة من اعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في الكليات الاهلية/ محافظة بابل, اذ تم توزيع (250) استمارة استبيان واسترجع منها (232) استمارة صالح للتحليل, واستخدم الباحث مجموعة من الادوات الاحصائية والتي تمثلت بـ (التوزيع الطبيعي, ومعادلة النمذجة الهيكلية, والوسط الحسابي, والانحراف المعياري, ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون, ومعامل الانحدار) وتم استخراج النتائج بواسطة برنامج (AMOS.V.23), وقد اظهرت نتائج البحث ان هنالك علاقة ارتباط وتأثير معنوية لمرونة الموارد البشرية في تعزيز السلوك الابداعي, ولعل اهم النتائج التي توصل اليها البحث تمثلت في توافر متغير مرونة الموارد البشرية بدرجة مرتفعة من الاهمية حسب اجابات افراد العينة مما يدل على ان الجامعات والكليات الاهلية تهتم بمرونة الموارد البشرية بدرجة عالية، وهذا يشير الى اهمية عوامل التكيف والاستجابة التي يمتلكها المنتسبين في هذه الكليات وامكانية تعزيزها من خلال عوامل التعلم والتطوير واكتساب مهارات اضافية على مستوى ممارسة الانشطة الادارية والفنية والتدريسية.
الصراع الروسي – الغربي في اوكرانيا عام 2022 وانعكاساته على توازن القوى
Authors: محمد ساجد , فاضل فاطمة
Published: December 2022

أدركت روسيا الاتحادية الأهمية الجيوستراتيجية لأوكرانيا وما تشكله من تهديداً لأمنها القومي إذا ما تم توظيفها من قبل تحالف شمال الأطلسي(الناتو)، فهي العمق الاستراتيجي والمنطقة العازلة بينها وبين أوربا، وأي تغيير في سياستها وتوجهاتها نحو الغرب والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية يقوض دورها ومساعيها في المنطقة ، ويشكل حزام امني خانق ينهي دورها الفاعل في الساحة الدولية كونها قطب من أقطاب السياسة الدولية، ومحاولة رفض حلف شمال الأطلسي الاعتراف بالدور الروسي كقطب في الساحة، دعا بها إلى إعلان "العملية العسكرية الخاصة" لإجبار الحكومة الأوكرانية على الحياد ونزع السلاح لتندلع أزمة مع الغرب لم يسبق للقوتين النووييتين أن تتواجها في العالم بشكل مباشر كلا منهما يريد أن يحقق مبتغاه روسيا تتطلع لتحسم فرض قوتها الصاعدة كأحد الأقطاب فيما إذا حققت أهدافها قبال القوى الأوربية والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، والأخيرة وحلفائها تطمح إلى التوسع نحو الشرق لإعادة روسيا الاتحادية إلى المربع الأول.
النَّقْدُ النَّحْوِيُّ عِنْدَ ابْنِ أَبِي الرَّبِيْعِ- الجُمْلَةُ الاسْمِيَّةُ أُنْمُوْذَجًا
Authors: الخفاجي اسيل , عمران حيدر
Published: December 2022

يهْدِفُ هَذَا البَحْثُ إِلَى بَيَانِ العَقْلِيَّةِ النَّقْدِيَّةِ لِابْنِ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ السَّبْتِيِّ، فَالنَقْدُ النَّحْوِيُّ عِنْدَهُ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى تَقْدِيْمِ السَّمَاعِ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ مِنَ الأُصُولِ النَّحْوِيَّةِ الأُخَرِ، مُسْتَنِدًا فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى مَنْظُوْمَةٍ مَعْرِفِيَّةٍ وَاسِعَةٍ، وَذِهْنٍ وَقَّادٍ. نَاهِيْكَ عَنِ الثِّقَةِ بِنَفْسِهِ وَالاعْتِدَادِ بِرَأْيِهِ، وَقَدْ ظَهَرَتْ هَذِهِ السِّمَاتُ فِي اسْتِعْمالِهِ لِكَلِمَاتٍ وَعِبَاراتٍ تَكْشِفُ عَنْ قوَّةِ شَخْصِيَّتِهِ، وَرَأْيِهِ القَاطِعِ فِي عَدَمِ تَرَدُّدِهِ فِي نَقْدِ رَأْيٍ مَا إِذَا مَا دَعَتِ الحَاجَةُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ. وَتَجِدُ نَقْدَاتِهِ هَذِهِ مَنْثُوْرَةً فِي تُرَاثِهِ النَّحْوِيِّ*.
القراءات القرآنية في كتاب الطراز الأول لابن معصوم المدني المتوفى (1120هـ)
Authors: الفتلاوي محمد , عبد طلاب احمد
Published: December 2022

إنَّ فحوى البحث في هذه الدراسة هو أصل القراءات القرآنية في كتاب الطراز الأول للسيد ابن معصوم المدني ، حيثُ يتم ذلك من خلال تتبع الآيات التي تطرق لها المصنف في كتابه والمحتوية على مختلف القراءات, يتم إجراء البحث بطريقة علمية موثوقة ، لذا فإن هدف الباحث هو تحديد وتحليل كل موضوع. ومراعاة قول ابن معصوم وتزويد الباحثين بجميع الآراء ذات الصلة.

فقد اشتملَ البحث على تمهيدٍ ومطلبين تسبقهما مقدمةٌ وتليهما خاتمةٌ بأهمِ النتائج وكما يأتي: التمهيدُ كانَ بعنوان (القراءات بالمعنى اللغوي والاصطلاحي).

والمطلب الأول كان بعنوان (آراء العلماء في تواتر القراءات) وتطرقنا الى آراء العلماء الشيعة الامامية وكذلك مدرسة الصحابة ومن ثم الترجيح بين الآراء بالاعتماد على الأدلة المرجحة لا بطريقة الميل والتعصب للمذهب.

وفيما يخص المطلب الثاني (القراءات القرآنية في كتاب الطراز الأول), وقد تطرقنا فيه إلى الأدلة القرآنية الموجودة في كتاب ابن معصوم ، وهذا المطلب هو جل اهتمام بحثنا ومركز دراستنا  لتحقيق النتائج المرجوة.
خروج الإمام الحسين "ع" من مكة الى العراق واستشهاده بكربلاء برواية ابن عبد ربه الأندلسي (ت:328ه/939م)- دراسة تحليلية مقارنة
Authors: الشمري يوسف , كاظم علي
Published: December 2022

تناولت في البحث خروج الإمام الحسين من مكة الى العراق واستشهاده بكربلاء برواية ابن عبد ربه الأندلسي دراسة تحليلية مقارنة، والمنهج المتبع في هذه الدراسة هو المنهج المقارن بالإضافة الى المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للروايات والحوادث التاريخية الواردة في متن الكتاب بخصوص خروج الإمام الحسين (ع) من مكة الى العراق. والهدف من هذه الدراسة هو بيان مسير الإمام الحسين (ع) من خروجه من مكة حتى دخوله أرض كربلاء واستشهاده فيها واستشهاد اصحابه بين يديه. وقد تضمن البحث مقدمة ومبحثين تناولت في المبحث الاول خروج الإمام الحسين من مكة ودخوله ارض كربلاء برفقة أبناء عمه عقيل الذين خرجوا من أجل نصرة الإمام الحسين (ع)، وتضمن المبحث الثاني أصحاب الإمام الحسين (ع) الذين استشهدوا معه ونساء بني هاشم سكينة وفاطمة بنات الإمام الحسين (ع).
التعاون السياحي بين العراق والدول العربية والاقليمية والاجنبية 1963 – 1968
Authors: العميدي فؤاد , عبد الله بهاء
Published: December 2022

يمتلك العراق الكثير من المقومات السياحية التي اصبح لها دور كبير في جذب الكثير من السياح من الخارج , وبناء علاقات سياحية متطورة مع الدول العربية والاقليمية والاجنبية , التي اصبح لديها الرغبة في زيارة الاماكن السياحية كالمصايف والاهوار والاماكن المقدسة والاثار , اذ كانت هذه الاماكن لها دور كبير في تشجيع التعاون السياحي وحب الاستطلاع على الحضارات الاخرى , وقد استطاع العراق بناء علاقات سياحية جيدة مع مختلف الدول من مؤتمرات واجتماعات واتفاقيات سياحية ساهمت الى حداً ما في اعطاء نوع من التقدم السياحي والحضاري , وقد ظهر هذا التعاون في المجال السياحي من خلال المنظمات التي تسعى لتحقيق التنمية في النشاطات السياحية والترويحية لها , وقد ساهمت في دفع صناعة السياحة الى الازدهار وتطور في الاقتصاد العالمي , وقد غطت اهتمامات التعاون السياحي الأنشطة السياحية المختلفة من سياحة وطيران وفنادق وتعليم , كما ساهم التعاون السياحي في تطوير وتحسين الاداء الاداري واعداد الكوادر الكفؤة المتخصصة في المجال السياحي , من خلال الاحتكاك بالخبرات الاجنبية المتطورة والمتخصصة في مجال النشاط السياحي العالمي.
آليات التخيل في رسوم طلبة معهد الفنون الجميلة
Authors: الدباج عبد الكريم , مهدي احمد
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث الى تعرف المنظومة التخيلية في رسوم طلبة معهد الفنون الجميلة, وقد اشتمل على أربعة فصول، عني الفصل الاول بعرض مشكلة البحث التي تمحورت بالتساؤل الآتي: ماهي المنظومة التخيلية في رسوم طلبة المعهد الجميلة؟، وتناول الفصل الثاني الإطار النظري للبحث وتضمن مبحثين، تناول الاول التخيل فلسفياً وسيكولوجياً, فيما عني المبحث الثاني بالمنظومة التخيلية، في حين تضمن الفصل الثالث إجراءات البحث, ومن اجل تحقيق اهداف البحث قام الباحثان بتصميم اداة لتحليلي رسوم الطلبة لمجتمع بلغ عدده (81) طالباً وطالبة, بواقع (39) طالب و(42) طالبه, وقد تم تحديد عينة البحث بأخذ المجتمع بأكمله لقلة العدد, وقد اعتمد الباحثان منهج تحليلي المحتوى كونه يتماشى وموضوع بحثهما، أما الفصل الرابع فقد اختص بعرض النتائج ومناقشتها.
مبادرات مجلس الأمن الدولي في تسويـة الأزمـــة السوريــــة
Authors: العريض صباح , بديــــــوي بدر
Published: December 2022

لعبت الأمم المتحدة عبر جهازها التنفيذي دورا فاعلا في حل الاشكاليات المتعلقة بالأزمة السورية من الناحيتين السياسية والانسانية، إدراكا من المجتمع الدولي للانعكاسات الخطيرة لهذه الأزمة على السلم والأمن الدوليين في منطقة تملؤها المشكلات السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية. وربما شكل الجانب السياسي معادلا للجانب الإنساني لهذه الأزمة، لذلك صدر مجلس الأمن الدولي والجمعية العامة العديد من القرارات إضافة الى البيانات الرئاسية منذ قيام الأزمة في عام 2011 وحتى كانون الثاني/ يناير 2020، والتي شكل بعضها مرحلة مفصلية في تداعيات الاشكالية السورية بعدما وضعت المنظمة الدولية الميادين الأساسية للحل السياسي وفق منظور تداخلت فيه البدائل الإنسانية مع البدائل السياسية، وأهم تلك المبادرات هي مبادرة كوفي أنان ومبادرة الأخضر الإبراهيمي ومبادرة ستيفان دي مستورا.
آليات التماسك النصي ودلالاتها في قصيدة "البائية" للشاعر الكميت بن زيد الأسدي
Authors: بلاوي رسول , الأشقر عبد النبي , المحمد مهدي
Published: December 2022

بحثنا في هذه الدراسة، مكامن التماسك النصي، ودلالاته في قصيدة "البائية" لکميت بن زيد الأسدي. وذلك لأنّ شعره، يعبّر أصدق تعبير عن عواطفه، التي يكتنفها الحب، والولاء لأهل البيت عليهم السلام، وقد جاء ذلك الحب عن عقيدة صادقة وإذابة لذاته، من دون تكلف، أو تصنّع حيث لم يعبّر عن العواطف فحسب، بل يعبّر عن الفكر. ولما كان التماسك النصي، أساسا في بناء البيت الشعري، وصياغته في التعبير عن الأفكار، فقد جاء الهدف من هذه الدراسة، حيث التطبيقات العلمية والعملية على أبيات القصيدة، لتتّضح فاعلية التماسك النصي وانسجامه في ترابط وتماسك تلك الأفكار العقدية، وذلك عبر توظيف أدواته التي أهمها وأشهرها هي الإحالة، والحذف، والتكرار، وغيرها. وقد اعتمدت هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي- التحليلي.
الأخبار العلاجية وأثرها في رفع التعارض بين الأدلّة
Authors: السراج عباس
Published: December 2022

شكّلت السنّة المطهّرة المَعلم الأساس و الأبرز في استفادة الفقيه منها في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية ، و لا غرو أن تتبلى الأخبار الحاكية عنها بالتعارض فيما بينها ، استدعت المشرّع أن يتصدّى لبيان علاج هذه الحالات ، فكانت " الأخبار العلاجية " المرتكز و الملجئ لرفع هذا التنافي الحاصل بينها ، و التي بدورها تنقسم إلى طوائفٍ عدّة ٍ أهمّها أخبار الترجيح ، سواء بموافقة الكتاب العزيز أم بمخالفة العامّة و نحوهما . فكان البحث مشتملاً على مبحثين ، تضمّن الأوّل الحديث عن روايات التخيير ، و مناقشتها ، و هذا تناولته في في المقصد الأوّل ، و أمّا أخبار التوقّف ، و مفادها فأرجئت الكلام فيه إلى المقصد الثاني . و أمّا الأخبار الدالّة على وجوب ترجيح الحديث المشتمل على مزيّة على الفاقد لها فذكرتها في المبحث الثاني .

و خلّص البحث إلى نتائج أبرزها أنَّ الأقرب اقتصار المرجّحات على خصوص موافقة الكتاب            و مخالفة العامّة " أخباراً و فتاوى " ، مع مراعاة الترتّب الطولي فيما بينهما .
المقاربة الوجدانية في التفكير النحوي- قراءة معرفية في ردود السيد محمد باقر الصدر على الدكتور مهدي المخزومي
Authors: طاهر مرتضى
Published: December 2022

تقوم فكرة البحث على مقاربة الفكر ردود السيد محمد باقر الصدر على الدكتور مهدي المخزومي من حيث الفحص المعرفي ضمن موضوع البحث النحوي ، إذ رصد أساس تكوين الادلة والطبيعة التي نظر بها كل منهما للمنهج المتبع في دراسة اللغة ، ومن ثم النظر في سؤالهم المركزي حول قيمتها وما يمكن من ابقاء لفاعليتها العلمية وحيث كان السيد الصدر يرجع في مقاربته للوجدان فقد فحصت هذه المقاربة من هذه الزاوية .
PRODUCING DIGITAL MAPS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF MINERALS IN IRAQ USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
Authors: Abdulhasan Ayad A. , Dauod Dauod S. , Salman Alaa D.
Published: December 2022

Considering the huge amount of information, it becomes so difficult to deal with and understand only in condition they were organized, classified and saved as data base that can be deal with automatically and to make use of it without interfering with its meaning and significance. Here comes the need to invent new methods and systems to save such information and deal with. An example of such systems is Management Information System and Geographic Information System. The ability of geographic information systems to prepare the geographic database and represent it as digital maps is verified by processing mineral data. This research aims to produce digital maps of mineral materials in Iraq by converting a paper map (geological map) at a scale (1:1000000) into a digital map using the survey process and modifying the coordinate system for this map using the georeferencing process. Then the layers are extracted from this map using the digitization process, and these layers are represented, and the proportion of these materials on these layers is represented as a circular sector. The purpose of a geodatabase is to create features in GIS datasets and to determine the relationship between features that are shown on maps as layers, where each layer represents a specific type of feature that was used for spatial analysis.
E-LEARNING AND MANAGING ITS CRISIS UNDER COVID-19 FOR THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
Authors: Ibrahim Sahar Abbas , Khudair Hussein Hamed , Kazem Hamed Khudair
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to review the experiences of others in e-learning from different universities in Iraq and countries around the world about facing the Covid-19 and how to face the crisis in the educational field and come up with positive outcomes to advance the educational reality. The researchers used an electronic questionnaire (Google Form) to collect information from (152) male and female students, the questionnaire included (15) questions about e-learning, and the positive answers supported the success of e-learning in getting out of the Covid-19 crisis with satisfactory positive results.
Hubungan Antara Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Bawah dan Fungsi Kognitif dengan Keseimbangan Tubuh pada Lanjut Usia
Authors: Masitha Siti
Published: December 2022

The Elderly is someone who is 60 years old which is characterized by a decrease in lower extremity muscle strength and cognitive function that can affect body balance in the elderly. To determine the relationship between lower extremity muscle strength, cognitive function, and body balance and to determine the dominant factors that affect body balance in the elderly in Gonilan Village. a cross-sectional study involving 94 respondents with a quota sampling technique. Correlation test with the Spearman Rho test, there is no relationship between lower extremity muscle strength and cognitive function with static balance, there is a relationship between lower extremity muscle strength and cognitive function with dynamic balance. There is no relationship between lower extremity muscle strength and cognitive function with static balance. There is a relationship between lower extremity muscle strength and cognitive function with dynamic balance.
Novel mechanisms of Ɛ-poly lysine as a antimicrobial agent and its food preservative application
Authors: Puttaswamy Monica , Rao Nagashree Nagaraj , Sharma Ashwani
Published: December 2022

In the present situation, it is very important to know about the awareness of healthy eating habits and the consumers have less time for food preparation. Due to this the research is going on the production of fresh cut fruits. In common fruits will be undergoing several microbial contamination, by reducing its shelf life period epsilon poly lysine is used as natural preservatives in food production. It is safe for human consumption and biodegradable. This epsilon poly lysine has several characteristics like water soluble, thermo stable and cationic homo-biopolymers between Ɛ-amino groups and α-carboxyl groups of 25-35-L-Lysine residues. This review article address the Ɛ- poly lysine as natural preservative, antimicrobial agent, and potential applications of Ɛ-poly lysine.
Survey on Feature Detection of Alzheimer’s disease in Early Stage by Particle Size Distribution in Feature Selection Optimization Procedure
Authors: B. Kedarnath
Published: December 2022

The rising incidence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and moderate impairments of scan results in the modern world have piqued the interest of scientists in the field of neuroimaging-based diagnostics. Neuroimaging allows for the quantification of pathological alterations in the brain that has been associated to AD. Through the use of categorization frameworks, which provide diagnostic and prognostic tools, these measurements have been quickly included into the signatures of AD in recent years. The purpose of this article is to summarise research on Alzheimer's disease that used optimization strategies for feature selection. To address the problem of excessive model complexity when using ML techniques, this work presents a novel approach to feature selection. Several stages of Alzheimer's disease and a state of altered brain function that is clinically similar to AD but less severe have been described. The effectiveness of an AD's classification in these approaches is evaluated using a wrapper-based feature selection mechanism. Then, a suggested Social Spider Metaheuristic algorithm has been employed to zero down on the most crucial characteristics for making a correct AD diagnosis.
IoT Development Board for Engineering Applications
Authors: Aishwarya  , M. Sneha  , Vismaya Joshi  , J. Satheesh Kumar
Published: December 2022

Technology developments in engineering applications has made life easier. Nowadays, Internet based computations and control are more popular. Internet of Things (IoT) is the latest improvements in industrial domain. This technology revolution satisfies the industrial requirements and societal needs. In the present scenario, most of society related research are carried out in the IoT domain. In this project, how the different sensors are being connected to the microcontroller and how the real-time data is collected and used as required by the application, have been discussed. It shows the advantages of the graphical view of the data output by which, the changes can be understood easily and in a more convenient way. This paper briefs about the IoT development board and the peripheral components. The methodology for interfacing the sensor and the communication with the cloud has also been detailed.
Melodic Pattern Recognition and Similarity Modelling: A Systematic Survey in Music Computing
Authors: Makarand Velankar  , Parag Kulkarni
Published: December 2022

Musical pattern identification is crucial for various classification and retrieval applications in computational musicology. Feature learning is the basic task, and features act as a basis for the Pattern Recognition (PR). Selecting an appropriate approach is vital to the accuracy of the retrieval algorithms. This research gives a comprehensive review of approaches used for PR and similarity modelling. It systematically analyses various approaches for melodic feature identification and comparatively evaluates the work done in the literature in terms of software tools used, melodic pattern representations, and matching. The study discusses the benefits and limitations of various approaches along with the challenges to be addressed for melodic PR. Results show a wide variety of approaches for different music genres and applications. Further, analysis shows that statistical and symbolic approaches were being used predominantly, and deep learning approaches are gaining popularity in recent times.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE MOST PRODUCTIVE WAYS TO NEUTRALIZE DISCRIMINATORY LABELED LEXICAL UNITS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF POLITICAL CORRECTNESS IN MEDIA DISCOURSE
Authors: Мельникова К.А. , Чекунова Е.М.
Published: December 2022

Постановка задачи. Задача исследования состоит в определении наиболее продуктивного инструмента нейтрализации дискриминационно-маркированных лексических единиц в соответствии с принципом политкорректности в медиадискурсивных источниках. Лингвопрагматика нейтрализованных дискриминационно-маркированных лексических единиц позволяет устранить или смягчить дискриминирующий эффект речи адресантов и значительно повышает шансы на осуществление успешной коммуникации. Результаты. Материал исследования представлен англоязычными медиатекстами, размещенными в открытом доступе в сети Интернет. Данные медиатексты были проанализированы посредством критического дискурс-анализа. В соответствии с результатами анализа выборки из 107 медиасообшений, содержащих дискриминационно-маркированные лексические средства номинативных областей «Расовая (национальная) принадлежность» и «Гендерная принадлежность», выявлен основной инструмент нейтрализации дискриминационно-маркированных лексических единиц в медиадискурсе. Выводы. По результатам исследования авторы делают вывод о том, что наиболее продуктивным инструментом нейтрализации дискриминационно-маркированных лексических средств номинативных областей «Расовая (национальная) принадлежность» и «Гендерная принадлежность» является эвфемизация понятий. Нейтрализация посредством эвфемизации в соответствии с принципом политкорректности позволяет коммуникантам не только избежать употребления дискриминирующих лексических единиц, но и сделать коммуникативное общение более эффективным.

Statement of the problem. The purpose of the study is the search of the most productive tool for neutralizing discriminatively marked lexical means according to the principle of political correctness in media discourse. The linguopragmatics of neutralized discriminative marked lexical means allows the eliminating the discriminative effect and significantly increases the chances of successful communication. Results. The research material is represented by the Internet foreign media texts. We analyzed them through critical discourse analysis. According to the results of the analysis of 107 media texts containing discriminative lexical means of nominative areas "Racial (national) identity" and "Gender identity" we define the main tools of neutralization. They are euphemization, reduction of stigmatic terms and exclusion of invectives. Conclusion. According to the research results, the authors conclude that euphemization is the most productive instrument of neutralization of the discriminative lexical means in nominative areas of "Race (national) identity" and "Gender identity". Neutralization by euphemization in compliance with the principle of political correctness enables communicants not only to avoid the use of discriminative lexical means, but also can make communication more effective.
TAXIS AND PHASE IN THE ASPECT OF THEIR INTERCATEGORIAL INTEGRATION (based on the German language)
Authors: Архипова И.В.
Published: December 2022

Постановка задачи. Данная статья рассматривает функционально-семантическую категорию таксиса и субкатегорию фазовости в аспекте их межкатегориального взаимодействия и интеграции. Результаты исследования. Были обследованы немецкие высказывания с предложными девербативами и фазовыми индикаторами. В ходе исследования было выявлено, что в высказываниях с предложными девербативами при наличии в них различных фазовых индикаторов (фазовых глаголов, фазовых аналитических конструкций, фазовых атрибутов, фазовых адвербиалов) актуализируются фазово-таксисные ситуации одновременности и разновременности. Актуализируемые фазово-таксисные ситуации одновременности и разновременности маркируют фазисную детерминацию глагольных действий и процессов, в частности, ингрессивную, срединную или эгрессивную фазу их осуществления или протекания. Выводы. Обследование эмпирического материала показывает, что в немецких высказываниях с предложными девербативами, содержащих различные фазовые индикаторы, возможна актуализация шести вариантов фазово-таксисных категориальных ситуаций одновременности и разновременности (ингрессивно-фазово-таксисных, эгрессивно-фазово-таксисных и фазово-таксисных категориальных ситуаций одновременности и разновременности, экплицирующих срединную фазу протекания или осуществления глагольных действий).

Problem statement. This article examines the functional and semantic categorie of taxis and subcategorie of phasing in the aspect of their intercategorial interaction and integration. Results. The German statements with prepositional deverbatives and phase indicators were examined. In the course of the study, it was revealed that in the statements with prepositional deverbatives, in the presence of various phase indicators (phase verbs, phase analytical constructions, phase attributes, phase adverbials), phase-taxis situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity are actualized. The actualized phase-taxis situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity mark the phase determination of verbal actions and processes, in particular, the ingressive, middle or egressive phase of their implementation or course. Conclusion. In German statements with prepositional deverbatives containing different phase indicators, it is possible to actualize six variants of phase-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity (ingressive-phase-taxis, egressive-phase-taxis and phase-taxis and categorical situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity, explicating the middle phase of the flow or implementation of verbal actions).
Do input (s) matter in Second Language Acquisition (SLA)? Evidence from the Learners’ Outcomes
Authors: Raj Wali Khan  , Mian Farman Ullah  , Masood Khan
Published: December 2022

The paper has investigated the role of L2 input (exposure) on learners’ outcomes in a second language learning setting among Pakistani students at the secondary level. The data were collected from one hundred and sixty-seven participants through a questionnaire (checklist) and a test from randomly selected English Language learners’ samples and analyzed through SPSS. The results have confirmed that the students of the private schools receive higher-level of inputs (English) than the state school students: t (167)=7.89,p<.05. The analysis also indicated that there have been statistically significant effects on the learners’ parents’ family income and education level.  However, the results presented no significant difference in terms of gender.  The findings may help teachers to improve their classroom interactions by providing better input(s) opportunities. It also proves that the students, who avail ample inputs, are more proficient and accurate in their production and commit fewer errors and mistakes in their outcomes. Moreover, it may help the authorities and policymakers to devise policies, and curricula and design materials accordingly.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK TERPADU MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TTW (THINK TALK WRITE) DI KELAS IVA SDIT CAHAYA HATI PAUH KAMBAR
Authors: Nur Azizah  , Sri Lena Mai
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu Menggunakan Model Kooperatif Tipe TTW (Think Talk Write) di Kelas IVA SDIT Cahaya Hati Pauh Kambar. Jenis penelitian yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus. Rancangan penelitian meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah guru dan 25 peserta didik kelas IV A SDIT Cahaya Hati Pauh Kambar. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, tes dan penilaian RPP. Hasil penelitian pengamatan RPP siklus I memperoleh rata-rata 88% dengan kategori baik (B) meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 100% kategori amat baik (AB). Pelaksanaan pada aspek guru siklus I memperoleh rata-rata 91% meningkat pada siklus II yaitu 100% dengan kategori amat baik (AB). Pelaksanaan pada aspek peserta didik siklus I memperoleh rata-rata 93% meningkat pada siklus II yaitu 100% dengan kategori amat baik (AB). Pada aspek pengetahuan pada siklus I memperoleh rata-rata 77,8 dengan kategori baik (B) meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 92,4 dengan kategori sangat baik (SB). Sedangkan pada aspek keterampilan pada siklus I memperoleh rata-rata 81,94  dengan kategori baik (B) meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 93,48 dengan kategori sangat baik (SB).