bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Das 'Modell Deutschland': Eine Herausforderung für die U.S.A.
Authors: Markovits Andrei S. , Ertman Thomas
Published: January 2019

Am 25. und 26. April 1980 fand eine wichtige und den Zeitgeist charakterisierende Konferenz statt. Eine illustre Gruppe von circa 125 Persönlichkeiten, einschließlich führender Senatoren, Unternehmer und Universitätsprofessoren - und bezeichnenderweise ohne wichtige Gewerkschaftsvertreter - erörterte 2 Tage lang in der Harvard Universität die zukünftige Entwicklung der amerikanischen Wirtschaft unter dem Titel »Konferenz über die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Vereinigten Staaten«. Im Mittelpunkt stand die Diskussion zweier Vorträge, die implizit den ernsten Krisenzustand der amerikanischen politischen Ökonomie erörterten. Während sich der eine Beitrag auf Japan konzentrierte, beschäftigte sich der andere mit »der deutschen wirtschaftlichen Herausforderung«. Beide Vorträge versuchten, diesem auserlesenen Publikum drei Problembereiche vor Augen zu führen: 1. Das 'Geheimnis' der japanischen und bundesdeutschen Erfolge; 2. Die unmittelbaren Konsequenzen für die Wirtschaft und Politik der Vereinigten Staaten; 3. Mögliche Lernprozesse für zukünftige strukturelle Wandlungen in den Vereinigten Staaten anhand konkreter Beispiele und Erfahrungen der Modelle Japan und Deutschland.
Krise des Kapitalismus und Krise der Linken
Authors: Magri Lucio
Published: January 2019

Der folgende Text beruht auf den mündlichen Beiträgen L. M.s zu einer Diskussion über das Thema „Wirtschaftskrise oder Krise des Kapitalismus?", die auf dem Fest der Zeitschrift „El Viejo Topo" in Barcelona stattfand. Diese Djskussion wurde im vergangenen Oktober durchgeführt; außer L. M. nahmen an ihr noch teil Andre Gunder Frank, Julio Segua von der PCE, Joaqui Leguina von der PSOE und Jorge Reverte von der Madrider Zeitschrift „Zona Abierta" alsDiskussionsleiter. Der von uns veröffentlichte Text stellt zusammenfassend und einfach die gegenwärtige Sichtweise Magris hinsichtlich der Krise dar, insbesondere in ihren ökonomischen Aspekten - ohne dabei darauf zu verzichten, Perspektiven einer Verbindung des ,ökonomischen Diskurses mit anderen Widerspruchsebenen aufzuzeigen, die in der gegenwärtigen Krise von Bedeutung sind. Im zweiten Teil des Textes konkretisiert und vertieft Magri einige seiner Überlegungen in Beantwortung einiger von Frank formulierter Einwände. Dieser Text wurde während der Diskussion mitgeschnitten, wobei gesichert ist, daß geringe Abweichungen von einer späteren schriftlichen Fassung keine Änderung des Gehalts von Magris Beitrag bedeuten würden. Eine gewisse polemische Zuspitzung zu Anfang des Beitrags rührt von einer anderen Diskussion her, die auf demselben Fest vorher stattfand: Unter dem Thema „Krise des Marxismus?" hatte dort Lucio Colletti Positionen auf der Linie der sogenannten Neuen Philosophen vertreten.
Probleme der Marxismusdiskussion in der Bundesrepublik
Authors: Oehlke Paul
Published: January 2019

Das alte Thema von der Krise des Marxismus macht wieder Schlagzeilen. Von ihr sprechen gegenwärtig allerdings weniger die bürgerlichen Meinungsmacher als marxistisch orientierte intellektuelle in der Bundesrepublik. So fand auf dem Soziologentag in Berlin (West) im April 1979 eine Veranstaltung zu dieser Thematik statt, die auf ein kaum zu erwartendes Interesse stieß. Es hat seinen verborgenen Grund in der eher resignativen Selbstreflexion einer von der Studentenbewegung der späten 60er Jahre geprägten Intelligenz, deren mühsam erkämpften Mitbestimmungsrechte, progressiven bis marxistischen Studieninhalte und didaktischen Konzeptionen wie des „forschenden Lernens" gleichsam mit einem Federstrick zunichte gemacht werden. Und das nicht nur durch den liberal-konservativen Bürgerblick, sondern auch durch eine sozial-liberale Koalition. Sie betreibt zugleich im Interesse des westdeutschen Exportkapitals ein neoklassisch eingefärbtes Krisenmanagement mit der Folge anhaltender Massenarbeitslosigkeit. Es scheint sich in politischer Hinsicht auch auf die westeuropäischen Nachbarn zu erstrecken, die bisher von sozialistischen Experimenten abgehalten werden konnten. Entsprechend tritt die Strategie des „historischen Kompromisses" der italienischen Kommunisten auf der Stelle, ist die „Linksunion" in Frankreich vorerst gescheitert, rollt die portugiesische Revolution schon längst zurück. Für den offenbar gestörten Zusammenhang von kapitalistischer Krise und politischer Offensive der sozialistischen Kräfte sind aber auch innenpolitische Faktoren verantwortlich: die komplexen gesellschaftlichen lntegrationsmechanismen in entwickelten kapitalistischen Industriestaaten und die unzureichende sozialemanzipatorische Praxis der traditionellen Arbeiterbewegung, die neue gesellschaftliche Problemfelder wie der Individualität, der sozialen Beziehungen und Umweltnoch nicht adäquat verarbeitet. Gerade unter dem Primat der Praxis scheinen ihre Defizite auch auf eine Krise der marxistischen Theorie hinzudeuten.
Material composition and formation conditions of lower Paleozoic sandstones of Engane-Pe Ridge (Polar Urals)
Authors: Nikulova N. Yu.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the results of the study of the material composition of Upper Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Manitanyrd sandstones series in the southern part of Engane-Pe Ridge (Polar Urals). The study of the lithological and geochemical characteristics of feldspar-quartz sandstones has confirmed their formation in a shallow-water basin at the passive continental margin in a cold climate. An episode of volcanic activity, associated with the epicontinental riftogenesis, resulted in the appearance of a sub-comformable body of ultra-potassium basaltoids, and at a distance from it, there is a sandstone horizon containing "concretion" formations. In the composition of the sandstones there is a slightly altered volcanomictic material but they lack of recycled fragments and redeposited material of the weathering crust. The petrochemical features of Manitanyrd sandstones do not allow expecting sedimentary gold mineralization in them.
Economic growth: Nobel prize in economic sciences 2018 and the lessons for Russia
Authors: Zamulin O. A. , Sonin K. I.
Published: January 2019

The article discusses the evolution of the theory of long-run economic growth and the contribution of the 2018 Nobel prize winners Paul Romer and William Nordhaus. First, it describes the exogenous growth theory of the 1950s and 1960s, such as the Solow model, the Ramsey model, and the overlapping generations model, in which growth is determined by exogenously given technological progress. Then the paper turns to the contribution of the Nobel laureates, who were the first ones to develop the theory of endogenous growth. In the case of the Romer model, technological progress is the result of intentional actions of firms, which introduce new products and thereby raise the overall productivity. In case of the Nordhaus model, production causes environmental damage, which then stifles further growth. In both cases production causes externalities, which have either positive or negative effect on growth. Then, the article considers further developments in the theory of economic growth, such as the Schumpeterian theory , unified growth theory, and institutional theory. The paper concludes with some practical implications about policies needed to reignite the growth of the Russian economy.
Employment and foreign direct
investment
Authors: Gardašević Ana
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine and better understand the effects of foreign direct investments on employment in Montenegro over the period from 2005-2017. Time series data on a quarterly basis, obtained from Central Bank of Montenegro, Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT and Employment Office of Montenegro were used in this research. To perform time series stationary testing, Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) and Perron test were used, i.e. the unit root tests, while the examination of the effects of foreign direct investments on employment was performed using the regression analysis with the least square method. The results of the research, obtained by the evaluation of the simple linear econometric model show that if foreign direct investments increase by 1%, employment in Montenegro can be expected to increase by an average of 0.0058%. However, the regression analysis results clearly show that over the total observed period, the influence of foreign direct investments on employment does not have statistical significance. The obtained results are not surprising, considering the fact that the observed period is characterized by a modest share of the greenfield investment within the total structure of foreign direct investments in the Montenegrin economy.
Evaluation of Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Tubercular Pleural Effusion in a Military Hospital
Authors: Uddin Md Kabir , Mia Md Abdul Ali , Mostafi Mamun , Parvin Mimi , Chowdhury Mainul Ahmed
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Tubercular pleural effusion (TPE) is one of the common extra pulmonary tuberculosis which many a times become difficult to make definite diagnosis on account of low sensitivity and/or specificity of non-invasive diagnostic tools. Even pleural biopsy cannot establish all the diagnosis; rather after patient shows unwillingness to invasive procedure. A reliable sensitive and specific marker is required for early diagnosis of TPE as Bangladesh is a high Tuberculosis burden country. Adenine deaminase (ADA) may be a useful surrogate marker.

Objective: To find out a reliable sensitive and specific marker for early diagnosis of TPE as Bangladesh is a high Tuberculosis burden country.

Materials and Methods: This study carried out ADA estimations in 170 cases of pleural effusion at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka. Efforts were made to reach diagnosis by other means.

Results: ADA level was found in tubercular pleural effusion ranges from 25 to 180 with a mean 71.51 ±33.1. It ranges 3 U/L to 170U/L with non-tubercular effusion with a mean 20.96±16.71. The sensitivity of ADA is 90.9% and specificity is 95.7% in diagnosing TPE. The positive and negative predictive values are 90.91 % and 95.65% respectively.

Conclusion: ADA is found cheap, sensitive and a useful surrogate marker. However, it is not a confirmatory diagnostic tool but can be used as a reliable adjunct to other investigations.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(2) 2015: 69-75
Non-surgical Repair of Iatrogenic Furcal Perforation with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Case Report
Authors: Sheikh Md Abdul Hannan , Chowdhury Golam Mohiuddin , Rab Md Abdur , Naser Mohammad
Published: January 2019

Perforations are significant iatrogenic complications of endodontic treatment and could lead to endodontic failure. The prognosis is generally excellent if the problem is well-diagnosed and repair is well-performed with a material that can provide proper sealing ability and biocompatibility. In this case report, the patient presented with the complaint of continuous dull pain in his right mandibular first molar tooth. The tooth was attempted for endodontic treatment and perforation has occurred at that time. Radiographic examination revealed, destruction in the furcal area with a little radiolucency and periradicular lesion involving apical region of the roots. Considering the above conditions, endodontic treatment and nonsurgical repair of furcal perforation with mineral trioxide aggregate followed by permanent restoration was planned and performed successfully. Follow up after one month, the patient was symptomless and the affected area was found healthy. However, long term clinico- radiographic follow-up is essential.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(2) 2015: 84-88
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Geografi Bencana Alam Pada Kabupaten Madiun Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Build and Fix
Authors: Gayu Ezra , Utomo Pradityo , Amadi Dwi Nor
Published: January 2019

Development Natural Disaster Information Geografis System is a website service utilizing digital map service. To facilitate the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) and the Community of Madiun Regency in providing and receiving information about the occurrence of Natural Disasters in Madiun District, the need for the application of information systems. The information system can display the points where the Natural Disasters occur. With the Information System, everyone can see the location of the map of the disaster occurrence area along with the description of the area. in this study developed a "Natural Disaster Information System at Madiun district". System development using Build and Fix method, because it is considered fast in making the system. The built system can be expected to assist BPBD officers in performing their duties. So that the system built must have the ability to form information accurately the occurrence of natural disasters. Therefore, the disaster information system in Madiun district has been tested using blackbox method, with 100% system success rate. Keywords : Web, Madiun District, Natural Disaster, Information Geografis System, Build and Fix, Blackbox
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMILIK BISNIS MELALUI INSTAGRAM DALAM PERJANJIAN ON LINE APABILA TERJADI WANPRESTASI MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Sugiarto Kantrey
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji perlindungan hukum apabila terjadi wanprestasi yang dilakukan selebgram terhadap pemilik bisnis online melalui instagram; dan penyelesaian wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh selebgram terhadap pemilik bisnis online melalui instagram menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang informasi dan transaksi elektronik. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) tindakan hukum yang dapat dilakukan oleh pemilik bisnis online adalah berdasarkan ketentuan penyelesaian yang tercantum dalam perjanjian endorsement. Apabila perjanjian tidak mengatur, maka pemilik bisnis online dapat menempuh cara litigasi melalui gugatan ganti rugi perdata sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata dan Pasal 38 ayat (1) UU ITE maupun penyelesaian secara non litigasi yang dirasa lebih efektif; dan (2) Endorser dikualifikasi sebagai pihak yang melakukan wanprestasi berdasarkan Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata dan Pasal 18 UU ITE dan pemilik bisnis online dilindungi sebagai pihak yang memiliki itikad baik.  Penyelesaian wanprestasi dapat dilakukan melalui  pasal 38 Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.
Audit Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Menggunakan Framework Cobit 5 (Studi Kasus: Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Laut Lampung)
Authors: Suryono Ryan Randy , Darwis Dedi , Gunawan Surya Indra
Published: January 2019

Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Laut Lampung (BBPBL) adalah Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) di bidang pengembangan budidaya laut yang berada di bawah dan bertanggungjawab kepada Direktorat Jendral Perikanan Budidaya. Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Laut Lampung merupakan telah menggunakan sistem e-SKP (elektronik Sasaran Kinerja Pegawai). Saat ini kegiatan tata kelola keamanan informasi belum dilakukan secara maksimal. Untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya kendala seperti sumber daya manusia yang kurang memahami aplikasi e-SKP sehingga berpotensi terjadinya error pada aplikasi, maka dilakukan metode pengelolaan teknologi informasi menggunakan kerangka kerja COBIT. Proses yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah EDM03, APO13, APO12, BAI06, DSS01, DSS02, DSS03, DSS05, MEA01, MEA02. Analisis data menggunakan Maturity Level dan Analisis Kesenjangan untuk menentukan tingkat kematangan. Dari hasil nilai aktual dan nilai ekspektasi yang ditentukan, penulis mendapatkan gap dari analisis kesenjangan di atas.Kata kunci : Tata Kelola Keamanan Informasi, Maturity Level, Analisis Kesenjangan, e-SKP, COBIT 5
IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH SEMANTIC MAPPING STRATEGY FOR INDONESIAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Puspa Adelia , . Syahrial
Published: January 2019

This research investigates how semantic mapping strategy can improve students’ reading comprehension. The subject of this research was the ten grade students consisted of 32 students. In this classroom action research, the researcher used quantitative data to see the improvement of the students’ reading comprehension, and qualitative data to explain the change in students’ behaviour during the implementation of the strategy. Based on the result of the test conducted at the end of the cycle and the analysis of the observation checklist and field notes, it could be concluded that both the students’ reading comprehension and the students’ attitude during the reading class have been improved. The students who passed the test improved from 43.75% at the baseline data to 87.5% at the end of cycle II. This improvement mostly influenced by the second and the third phase of semantic mapping strategy, which are brainstorming categorization. In this phases, the students activate their prior know and learn to visualize relationship between ideas and put them into categories. Thus, the students have a better comprehension of the text. The students also showed better motivation, interest, participation, and enthusiasm toward the learning process proven by the results of the observation. However, the materials in this present research were short reading texts. The implementation of the strategy on longer reading texts should be taken into a deeper study in the future research.
Delivery of Inoculum of Rhizophagus irregularis via Seed Coating in Combination with Pseudomonas libanensis for Cowpea Production
Authors: Ma Ying , Látr Aleš , Rocha Inês , Freitas Helena , Vosátka Miroslav , Oliveira Rui S.
Published: January 2019

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important legume grown primarily in semi-arid area. Its production is generally inhibited by various abiotic and biotic stresses. The use of beneficial microorganisms (e.g., plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)) can enhance agricultural production, as these microorganisms can improve soil fertility and plant tolerance to environmental stresses, thus enhancing crop yield in an eco-friendly manner. Application of PGPB and AMF in large scale agriculture needs to be improved. Thus, the use of seed coating could be an efficient mechanism for placement of inocula into soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis BEG140 and the PGPB Pseudomonas libanensis TR1 alone or in combination on the biomass and physiological traits of cowpea. Four treatments were set: (i) non-inoculated control; (ii) PGPB; (iii) AMF applied via seed coating; and (iv) PGPB + AMF applied via seed coating. Cowpea plants inoculated via seed coating with R. irregularis and those inoculated with R. irregularis + P. libanensis showed root mycorrhizal colonization of 21.7% and 24.2%, respectively. PGPB P. libanensis was efficient in enhancing plant biomass and seed yield. There was no benefit of single (AMF) or dual (PGPB + AMF) inoculation on plant growth or seed yield. The application of beneficial soil microorganisms can be a viable approach for sustainable cowpea production in precision agriculture scenarios.
Ability of Modified Spectral Reflectance Indices for Estimating Growth and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Wheat under Saline Field Conditions
Authors: El-Hendawy Salah , Al-Suhaibani Nasser , Dewir Yaser Hassan , Elsayed Salah , Alotaibi Majed , Hassan Wael , Refay Yahya , Tahir Muhammad Usman
Published: January 2019

Hyperspectral sensing offers a quick and non-destructive alternative for assessing phenotypic parameters of plant physiological status and salt stress tolerance. This study compares the performance of published and modified spectral reflectance indices (SRIs) for estimating and predicting the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of two wheat cultivars exposed to three salinity levels (control, 6.0, and 12.0 dS m−1). Results show that individual SRIs based on visible- and near-infrared (VIS/VIS, NIR/VIS, and NIR/NIR) estimate and predict measured parameters considerably more efficiently than those based on shortwave-infrared (SWIR/VIS and SWIR/NIR), with the exception of some modified indices (the water balance index (WABI-1(1550, 482), WABI-2(1640, 482), and WABI-3(1650, 531)), normalized difference moisture index (NDMI(1660, 1742)), and dry matter content index (DMCI(1550, 2305)), which show moderate to strong relationships with measured parameters. Overall results indicate that modified SRIs can serve as rapid and non-destructive high-throughput alternative approaches for tracking growth and photosynthetic efficiency of wheat under salt stress field conditions.
The Influence of Ultrafiltration of Citrus limon L. Burm. cv Femminello Comune Juice on Its Chemical Composition and Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties
Authors: Loizzo Monica Rosa , Sicari Vincenzo , Tundis Rosa , Leporini Mariarosaria , Falco Tiziana , Calabrò Vincenza
Published: January 2019

Membrane separation has brought about a significant change in the food processing industry because it could operate separation at low temperature without a reduction of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Citrus limon L. Burm. cv Femminello comune juice, an Italian IGP (Protected Geographical Indication) product, was subjected to the ultrafiltation (UF) process using a cellulose acetate membrane, with a cut-off of 100 kDa, subjected to different transmembrane pressures (TMP, 05–1.5 bar). Untreated and ultra-filtrated (UF) juices were investigated for physicochemical parameters including pH, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS) and ascorbic acid content. Total phenols (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) contents were also determined. Rutin, hesperidin, eriocitrin, and neohesperidin were selected as markers and quantified by HPLC. Antioxidant potential was investigated by using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP tests. RACI was used to identify the sample with highest antioxidant potential. The hypoglycemic activity was examined using carbohydrates hydrolyzing enzymes assay. The application of increasing pressures across the membrane led to a reduction in TSS without causing a loss of bioactive compounds in terms of TPC and TFC. UF juice obtained with TMP of 1.5 bar (J3) showed a significant amount of eriocitrin and hesperidin with concentrations of 15.8 and 10.5 mg/100 mL, respectively. This sample showed the highest antioxidant potential and exhibited a promising α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 31.1 and 35.3 mg/mL, respectively. Collectively our results support the use of cellulose acetate membrane to obtain an ultra-filtered juice with significant health potential.
Temperature Sensing of Stepped-Metal Coated Optical Fiber Bragg Grating with the Restructured Dual-Peak Resonance
Authors: Feng Yan , Toyserkani Ehsan , Zhang Hua , Zhang Zhi-Dong
Published: January 2019

This paper demonstrates a method for the development of stepped-metal coating on optical fiber Bragg grating. The paper also analyzes the dual-peak resonance restructured by the nickel/copper stepped-metal coating. According to the coefficients of linear thermal expansion of the coatings, the modeling and experimental analysis is categorized into three types: Type A, Type B, and Type C. We denote the temperature sensitivity difference between the two peaks as ΔKT for Type A, ΔK′T for Type B, and ΔK″T for Type C. The experimental results show that ΔKT, ΔK′T, and ΔK″T are 2.1 pm/°C, 6.5 pm/°C, and 0.8 pm/°C, respectively. The model analysis and the experimental results all show the Type B stepped-metal coating causes the most obvious temperature sensitivity difference between the two resonance peaks. The stepped-metal coating on the same one Bragg grating can restructure the single resonance into dual-peak resonance with different temperature sensing, and Type B can be used to develop a dual-parameter optical fiber Bragg grating sensor at one location which can measure two physical parameters simultaneously.
Treatment of Wastewater Solutions from Anodizing Industry by Membrane Distillation and Membrane Crystallization
Authors: Ali Aamer , Hvid Jacobsen Josephine , Casper Jensen Henriette , Lykkegaard Christensen Morten , Quist-Jensen Cejna Anna
Published: January 2019

The treatment of wastewater containing various metal ions is a challenging issue in the anodizing industry. The current study investigates the application of membrane distillation/crystallization (MD/MCr) for the simultaneous recovery of freshwater and sodium sulfate from wastewater originating from a Danish anodizing industry. MD/MCr experiments were performed on supernatant from wastewater obtained after centrifugation. The effect of various feed temperatures and cross-flow velocities on flux and crystal characteristics was investigated. The crystal growth in the feed tank was monitored through the use of an online PaticleView microscope. The crystals’ morphology and form were determined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), respectively, while inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was applied to determine the purity of the obtained crystals. The weight and dimensions of the MD/MCr unit that were required to treat the specific amount of wastewater were evaluated as a function of the feed inlet temperature. It was demonstrated that the application of MCr allows extracting high-purity sodium sulfate crystals and more than 80% freshwater from the wastewater.
Economic Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle Using R123 and R245fa as Working Fluids and a Demonstration Project Report
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Cao Min , Yang Xiaoyu , Guo Hang , Wang Jingfu
Published: January 2019

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a popular technology used in waste heat recovery and low-grade heat utilization, which are two important measures to solve the problems brought by the energy crisis. The economic performance of ORC system is an important factor affecting its application and development. Therefore, the economic analysis of ORC is of great significance. In this study, R123 and R245fa, two frequently-used working fluids during the transition period, were selected for calculating and analyzing the economic performance of an ORC used for recovery of waste heat with a low flow rate and medium-low temperature. Five traditional economic indicators, namely total cost, net earnings, payback period, return on investment, levelized energy cost, and present value of total profit in system service life, which is a relatively new indicator, were used to establish the economic analysis model of ORC. The variation effects of evaporation temperature, condensation temperature of working fluid, flue gas inlet temperature, and mass flow rate of flue gas on the above six economic indicators were analyzed. The results show that the optimal evaporation temperature of R123 is 125 °C, the optimal condensation temperature is 33 °C, and the optimal heat source temperature is 217 °C. For R245fa, the optimal evaporation temperature is 122 °C, the optimal condensation temperature is 27 °C, and the optimal heat source temperature is 177 °C. The economic performance of an ORC demonstration project was reported and used for comparison with the estimation and analysis. It was found that the single screw expander has an excellent economy performance, which greatly reduces the proportion of expander cost in the ORC system.
Development of an Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid and Effective Detection of Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Licorice Extract
Authors: Wang Haixia , Zhao Yuwen , Bie Songtao , Suo Tongchuan , Jia Guangcheng , Liu Boshi , Ye Ruiping , Li Zheng
Published: January 2019

An aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor was successfully developed and applied in the rapid detection of pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) in licorice extract. The thiolated capture probes were firstly immobilized on a gold electrode, and then the biotinylated aptamer probes for E. coli were introduced by hybridization with the capture probes. Due to the stronger interaction between the aptamer and the E. coli, a part of the biotinylated aptamers will dissociate from the capture probes in the presence of E. coli. The residual biotinylated aptamer probes can quantitatively bind with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase. Subsequently, α-naphthyl phosphate substrate was catalytically hydrolyzed to generate electrochemical response, which could be recorded by a differential pulse voltammetry. The dependence of the peak current on the logarithm of E. coli concentration in the range from 5.0 × 102 colony forming units (CFU)/mL to 5.0 × 107 CFU/mL exhibited a linear trend with a detection limit of 80 CFU/mL. The relative standard deviation of 5 successive scans was 5.3%, 4.5% and 1.1% for 5.0 × 102, 5.0 × 105 and 5.0 × 107 CFU/mL E. coli, respectively. In the detection of the licorice extract samples, the results obtained from the proposed strategy and traditional culture counting method were close to each other, but the time consumption was only ~1/30 compared with the traditional method. These results demonstrate that the designed biosensor can be potentially utilized for rapid microbial examination in traditional Chinese medicine and relevant fields.
A Novel Massive Deployment Solution Based on the Peer-to-Peer Protocol
Authors: Shiau Steven J. H. , Huang Yu-Chiang , Yen Ching-Hsuan , Tsai Yu-Chin , Sun Chen-Kai , Juang Jer-Nan , Huang Chi-Yo , Huang Ching-Chun , Huang Shih-Kun
Published: January 2019

The BitTorrent (BT) is a peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing protocol that was developed approximately 20 years ago, is becoming increasingly popular, and has been widely accepted. The BT-based mass deployment system can be used to improve performance and scalability that cannot be achieved by the unicasting, broadcasting, and multicasting protocols. However, when the BT-based system is applied in massive deployments, a major issue related to insufficient temporary storage space to store the whole system image before deploying needs to be resolved. Such problems arose because the system is deployed to the disk space, meaning that it cannot be used for temporary storage. Therefore, a novel BT-based solution that can remove the limitations caused by the insufficient temporary storage issue is proposed. The BT-based mass deployment system was designed by using the file system blocks transferring (FSBT) mechanism. The receiver of the FSBT mechanism can obtain the blocks of the file system from other peers. Then, those blocks will be written directly to raw disks or partitions. The sender of the FSBT mechanism can read the blocks of file systems directly from raw disks or partitions. Then, the blocks can be sent to other peers. This approach solves the insufficient temporary storage issue. The novel BT-based mass deployment system was tested and verified for the configuration consisting of at most 32 personal computers (PCs). To demonstrate the achievable performance of the novel BT-based system, comparisons were made between the novel program and the traditional multicast solutions, as well as other solutions for mass deployment. The proposed BT solution can be much faster than the multicast solution when deploying 11 machines or more. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility and superior performance of the proposed system. Furthermore, performance comparisons of the proposed BT-based mass deployment system versus other solutions demonstrated the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed solution. In the future, the BT parameters can be further optimized, and the simultaneous read and write features can be implemented to improve the deployment performance. In addition, the BT-based mass deployment system can serve as the basis for the development of other mass deployment systems.
Approach of Coordinated Control Method for Over-Actuated Vehicle Platoon based on Reference Vector Field
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Dong , Gordon Timothy , Li Guiyuan , Zong Changfu
Published: January 2019

Collaborative vehicle platoon control with full drive-by-wire vehicles with four-wheel independent driving and steering (FWIDSV) has attracted broader research interests. However, the problem of cooperative vehicle platoon control in two-dimensional driving scenes remains to be solved. This paper proposes a coupling control method for path tracking and spacing-maintaining based on the reference vector field (RVF). An integrated hierarchical control structure, including the following control layer, tire force allocator layer, and an actuator controlling layer for FWIDSV is presented. Inside, the next control layer was designed according to the spacing control strategy and RVF within the limitation of the friction circle. For verifying the effectiveness of this control method, sufficient conditions for error convergence are analyzed when considering the influence of the critical parameters on the particle dynamics model. The tire force allocator layer is designed based on linear quadratic programming (LQP), which is used to distribute the total forces and yaw moment. The sliding mode control (SMC) is employed to track the desired tire forces in the actuator controlling layer. The proposed control methods are validated through simulation in intelligent cruise control (ICC) and platoon merging scenarios. The results demonstrate an effective FWIDSV platoon control approach that is based on the RVF in the 2-D driving scenes.
A Review of Recent Results on Simultaneous Interrogation of Multiple Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Sensors Using Microwave Photonics
Authors: Chen Lawrence R. , Comanici Maria-Iulia , Moslemi Parisa , Hu Jingjing , Kung Peter
Published: January 2019

We review recent results on exploiting microwave photonics to enable simultaneous interrogation of multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors. In particular, we describe the use of (1) microwave photonic filtering and (2) chirped microwave pulse generation and compression as a means to map the wavelength (spectral) changes in the response of FBG-based sensors (specifically, an in-fiber Fabry-Pérot cavity sensor based on FBGs, FBG sensors directly, and a linearly chirped FBG sensor) to applied temperature (or strain) to the power of a radio-frequency signal (i.e., a wavelength-to-power mapping) or to the correlation peak of the compressed microwave signal. The approaches support high-resolution and high-speed interrogation and can be suitable for large scale sensing networks.
Latent Leakage Fault Identification and Diagnosis Based on Multi-Source Information Fusion Method for Key Pneumatic Units in Chinese Standard Electric Multiple Units (EMU) Braking System
Authors: Zuo Jianyong , Ding Jingxian , Feng Furen
Published: January 2019

To identify and diagnose the latent leakage faults of key pneumatic units in the Chinese standard Electric Multiple Units (EMU) braking system, a multi-source information fusion method based on Kalman filtering, sequential probability ratio test (SPRT), and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. The relay valve is taken as an example for research. Firstly, Kalman’s state estimation function is used to obtain the innovation sequence, and the innovation sequence is input into the SPRT model to help recognize latent leakage faults of the relay valve. Using this method, the problem of the incomplete training set of the traditional SPRT method due to the change of the braking level and the vehicle load is solved. Secondly, the eight time-domain parameters of the relay valve input and the output pressure signal are extracted as fault characteristics, and then input to the support vector machine to realize the internal and external leakage fault diagnosis of the relay valve, which provides a reference for maintenance. Finally, this method is verified by the fault simulation data by quickly identifying latent leakage faults and diagnosing the internal and external leakage at a fault recognition rate of 100% by SVM under small sample conditions.
Energy Consumption and Financial Development in NAFTA Countries, 1971–2015
Authors: Gómez Mario , Rodríguez José Carlos
Published: January 2019

To satisfy human needs and desires, it is necessary to produce goods and services that require the use of some production factors, such as labor, capital, and energy, among others. Nowadays, energy is a key production factor for economic activity in all countries. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between energy, economic growth, urbanization, and financial development in the country-members of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) during the period of 1971–2015. Panel data Econometric methods are applied in this research, namely cross-section dependence (Pesaran test), unit root (Cross-sectional Augmented Dickey Fuller and Cross-sectional Im, Pesaran, and Shin tests), cointegration (Kao and Fisher–Johansen tests), and heterogeneous causality (Hurlin and Dumitrescu test). The results achieved in this research demonstrate that the variables of this model are characterized by a cross-section dependence, and they are integrated in order one. An equilibrium or long-term relationship between them exists. By means of the Fully Modified OLS and Dynamic OLS estimators it this demonstrated that there is a positive relationship between GDP and EC, while there is a negative relationship between FD, CPI, URB, and TO and EC. The economic policy recommendations drawn from this investigation are that financial development promotion, urbanization, and trade openness may contribute to reducing energy consumption in these countries.
Investigation on Microstructural Damage Properties of Asphalt Mixture Using Linear and Damage-Coupled Viscoelastic Model
Authors: Huang Wenke , Ren Zhibin , Zhang Xiaoning , Yu Jiangmiao
Published: January 2019

This paper presents an image-based micromechanical modeling approach for simulating the damage-couple viscoelastic response of asphalt mixture. Details of the numerical damage-couple viscoelastic constitutive formulation implemented in a finite element code are presented and illustrated by using the ABAQUS user material subroutine (UMAT). Then, an experimental procedure based on the Linear Amplitude Sweep test for obtaining the viscoelastic and damage parameters at a given temperature was conducted. An improved morphological multi-scale algorithm was employed to segment the adhesive coarse aggregate images. We developed a pixel-based digital reconstruction model of asphalt mixture with the X-ray CT image after being processed. Finally, the image-based FE model incorporated with damage-coupled viscoelastic asphalt mastic phase and elastic aggregates was used for the compressive test simulations successfully in this study. Simulation results showed that the damaged simulation results have a larger stress distribution compared with the undamaged simulation due to the irregularity of the coarse aggregates. The von Mises stress distribution is smaller as the loading time increases due to the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mastic. It can also provide insight on the damaged mechanisms and the possible location in asphalt mixture where microscopic cracking would most likely occur.
Extracellular Vesicle Quantification and Characterization: Common Methods and Emerging Approaches
Authors: Hartjes Thomas A. , Mytnyk Serhii , Jenster Guido W. , van Steijn Volkert , van Royen Martin E.
Published: January 2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a family of small membrane vesicles that carry information about cells by which they are secreted. Growing interest in the role of EVs in intercellular communication, but also in using their diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential in (bio) medical applications, demands for accurate assessment of their biochemical and physical properties. In this review, we provide an overview of available technologies for EV analysis by describing their working principles, assessing their utility in EV research and summarising their potential and limitations. To emphasise the innovations in EV analysis, we also highlight the unique possibilities of emerging technologies with high potential for further development.
Pd(CH3CN)2Cl2/Pipecolinic Acid as a Highly Efficient Catalytic System for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-coupling Reaction of Bromoaryl Carboxylic Acids in Water
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Zhang Wenbin , Fu Leiqing , Guo Mengping
Published: January 2019

In this study, a convenient and highly efficient catalytic system for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction was investigated under mild conditions. A combination of Pd(CH3CN)2Cl2 and pipecolinic acid showed excellent catalytic performance and afforded high turnover numbers; turnover numbers were up to 4.9 × 105 for the coupling reaction of 4-bromobenzoic acid and tetraphenylboron sodium. The catalytic system was also effective for the indexes of 4-bromobenzoic acid, and high turnover numbers were obtained.
Recent Insights in Transition Metal Sulfide Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts for the Production of Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel: A Short Review
Authors: Díaz de León Jorge , Ramesh Kumar Chowdari , Antúnez-García Joel , Fuentes-Moyado Sergio
Published: January 2019

The literature from the past few years dealing with hydrodesulfurization catalysts to deeply remove the sulfur-containing compounds in fuels is reviewed in this communication. We focus on the typical transition metal sulfides (TMS) Ni/Co-promoted Mo, W-based bi- and tri-metallic catalysts for selective removal of sulfur from typical refractory compounds. This review is separated into three very specific topics of the catalysts to produce ultra-low sulfur diesel. The first issue is the supported catalysts; the second, the self-supported or unsupported catalysts and finally, a brief discussion about the theoretical studies. We also inspect some details about the effect of support, the use of organic and inorganic additives and aspects related to the preparation of unsupported catalysts. We discuss some hot topics and details of the unsupported catalyst preparation that could influence the sulfur removal capacity of specific systems. Parameters such as surface acidity, dispersion, morphological changes of the active phases, and the promotion effect are the common factors discussed in the vast majority of present-day research. We conclude from this review that hydrodesulfurization performance of TMS catalysts supported or unsupported may be improved by using new methodologies, both experimental and theoretical, to fulfill the societal needs of ultra-low sulfur fuels, which more stringent future regulations will require.
Exfoliated Molybdenum Disulfide Encapsulated in a Metal Organic Framework for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Ren Ren , Zhao Huilei , Sui Xiaoyu , Guo Xiaoru , Huang Xingkang , Wang Yale , Dong Qianqian , Chen Junhong
Published: January 2019

An exfoliated MoS2 encapsulated into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) was fabricated as a promising noble-metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen production under visible light irradiation. The as-synthesized samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface analysis. It is well known that bulk MoS2 is unsuitable for photocatalysis due to its inadequate reduction and oxidation capabilities. However, exfoliated MoS2 exhibits a direct band gap of 2.8 eV due to quantum confinement, which enables it to possess suitable band positions and retain a good visible-light absorption ability. As a result, it is considered to be an encouraging candidate for photocatalytic applications. Encapsulating exfoliated MoS2 into MOF demonstrates an improved visible light absorption ability compared to pure MOF, and the highest hydrogen production rate that the encapsulated exfoliated MoS2 could reach was 68.4 μmol h-1g-1, which was much higher than that of pure MOF. With a suitable band structure and improved light-harvesting ability, exfoliated MoS2@MOF could be a potential photocatalyst for hydrogen production.
Mechanism and Performance of the SCR of NO with NH3 over Sulfated Sintered Ore Catalyst
Authors: Chen Wangsheng , Hu Fali , Qin Linbo , Han Jun , Zhao Bo , Tu Yangzhe , Yu Fei
Published: January 2019

A sulfated sintered ore catalyst (SSOC) was prepared to improve the denitration performance of the sintered ore catalyst (SOC). The catalysts were characterized by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to understand the NH3-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction mechanism. Moreover, the denitration performance and stability of SSOC were also investigated. The experimental results indicated that there were more Brønsted acid sites at the surface of SSOC after the treatment by sulfuric acid, which lead to the enhancement of the adsorption capacity of NH3 and NO. Meanwhile, Lewis acid sites were also observed at the SSOC surface. The reaction between −NH2, NH 4 + and NO (E-R mechanism) and the reaction of the coordinated ammonia with the adsorbed NO2 (L-H mechanism) were attributed to NOx reduction. The maximum denitration efficiency over the SSOC, which was about 92%, occurred at 300 °C, with a 1.0 NH3/NO ratio, and 5000 h−1 gas hourly space velocity (GHSV).
Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Lihui , Wang Zhiguo , Liu Jun-Ping
Published: January 2019

Telomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse transcriptase uses its intrinsic RNA template to lengthen telomeric G-rich strand in yeast and human cells. Cells sense telomere length shortening and respond with cell cycle arrest at a certain size of telomeres referring to the “Hayflick limit.” In addition to regulating the cell replicative senescence, telomere biology plays a fundamental role in regulating the chronological post-mitotic cell ageing. In this review, we summarize the current understandings of telomere regulation of cell replicative and chronological ageing in the pioneer model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae and provide an overview on telomere regulation of animal lifespans. We focus on the mechanisms of survivals by telomere elongation, DNA damage response and environmental factors in the absence of telomerase maintenance of telomeres in the yeast and mammals.
Influence of ALD Coating Layers on the Optical Properties of Nanoporous Alumina-Based Structures
Authors: Cuevas Ana L. , Martínez de Yuso María del Valle , Vega Víctor , González Ana Silvia , Prida Víctor M. , Benavente Juana
Published: January 2019

Optical changes associated with the surface coating of different metal oxides and nanolayers by the ALD technique of a nanoporous alumina structure (NPAS) obtained by the two-step anodization method were analyzed. The NPASs were coated with: (i) a single layer (SiO2 or TiO2), and (ii) a double layer of SiO2 plus Al2O3 or aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) to estimate the effect of surface layer coverage material, geometrical parameters (pore-size/porosity), and number of layers on light transmission/reflection. Chemical surface characterization of the different NPASs was carried out by analyzing XPS spectra, which allowed us to obtain an estimation of the coating layer homogeneity. Transmittance and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were analyzed in order to detect changes in characteristic optical parameters such as band gap, refractive index, and extinction coefficients associated with the material and the characteristics of the single or double coating layers.