bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cinco cuestiones esenciales para acompañar en el sufrimiento
Authors: Coca Pereira Cristina , Denizon Arranz Sophia , Moreno Milán Beatriz , Pérez Viejo Jesús Manuel , Arranz Carrillo de Albornoz Pilar , García Llana Helena
Published: October 2020

El sufrimiento aparece de manera natural y espontánea cuando no tenemos recursos para hacer frente a una situación que se convierte en una amenaza. Acompañar el sufrimiento no es tarea fácil y requiere destrezas, habilidades y conocimientos, así como desarrollo personal. Identificar y abordar el sufrimiento es una de las principales funciones de la práctica clínica. Poder identificar cómo esta experiencia afecta a los profesionales sanitarios, así como generar estrategias para hacerle frente podría protegernos y facilitar el ejercicio de la ayuda. Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal realizar una revisión teórica, acompañada de claves prácticas, para presentar cinco cuestiones previas que configuran un conocimiento esencial para el acompañamiento. Se pretende estimular la reflexión y el aprendizaje de habilidades que nos permitan desarrollar nuestras acciones desde la consciencia y en coherencia con nuestros valores y objetivos.
Cuerpo extraño en vía aérea inferior de dos años de evolución: reporte de caso
Authors: Vásquez Reconco Scarleth Paola , Hernández Palacio Giselle Estefany , Pineda Rodríguez Isis Gabriela , Ortega Iglesias Julio
Published: October 2020

La aspiración de un cuerpo extraño es un acontecimiento fatal que puede conducir a la muerte, definido como el ingreso de manera accidental de un objeto, orgánico o inorgánico, a la vía aérea, alojándose ya sea en la laringe, tráquea o bronquios. Este evento es común en la población pediátrica especialmente entre niños de 18 meses a 3 años. El sitio de alojamiento más común es en el bronquio derecho. El diagnóstico tardío de cuerpo extraño en bronquio está relacionado a neumonías recurrentes, bronquiectasias y atelectasias. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 12 años de edad con antecedentes de sospecha de aspiración de cuerpo extraño en vía aérea desde hace 2 años. Presentando en ese intervalo de tiempo tos productiva de color verde amarillento y persistente, halitosis, neumonías a repetición, y con hipocratismo digital simétrico. Con ayuda de Imágenes por tomografía axial computarizada y broncoscopia virtual se evidencia el cuerpo extraño alojado en bronquio principal izquierdo,revelando el pulmón izquierdo colapsado, hepatizado, con bronquiectasias inferiores, desplazamiento de corazón hacia la izquierda y pulmón derecho sobre distendido.
Papiledema Bilateral Severo en Pseudotumor Cerebral
Authors: Sandoval Muñoz Janessa Paola
Published: October 2020

Paciente femenina de 13 años de edad sin antecedentes personales o familiares de interés, debuta con cefalea intensa holocraneana, vómitos y pérdida visual progresiva bilateral.
Anchorage of transverse reinforcement in rectangular reinforced concrete columns in seismic design
Authors: Tanaka H. , Park R. , McNamee B.
Published: October 2020

Four reinforced concrete columns with 400 mm (15.7 in) square cross sections were tested under axial compressive load and cyclic flexure to simulate severe seismic loading. The longitudinal reinforcement consisted of eight bars. The transverse reinforcement consisted of square perimeter hoops surrounding all longitudinal bars and cross ties between the intermediate longitudinal bars. The major variable of the study was the type of anchorage used for the hoops and cross ties. The anchorage details involved arrangements of perimeter hoops with 135° end hooks, cross ties with 90° and/or 180° end hooks, and cross ties and perimeter hooks with tension splices. Conclusions were reached with regard to the effectiveness of the tested anchorage details in columns designed for earthquake resistance.
2020 Constitutional Reform and Center-Region Relations in Russia
Authors: Kudryashova Ekaterina , Mirzaev Rustam
Published: October 2020

This article examines 2020 constitutional reform in Russia. The amendments recently were approved on July, 1st by nation-vide vote. The purpose of the article is to analyze center-region trends in Russia and how they are reflected in the proposed constitutional amendments. The prospective changes in regional representation in the federal decision-making process shall also be discussed.

The article shows how chaotic decentralization during the 90-s was replaced by a trend of centralization. The 2020 constitutional reform reflects a further strengthening of this centralization trend. The problems faced by the Russian regions are left unresolved. It is becoming an overcentralized country.

The amended Russian Constitution envisages a reformed role for the Russian State Council. It is supposed to be defined in the Constitution as a consultative body by the President and is expected to be formed of regional leaders. At the same time, the Federal Council of the Federal Assembly (the upper chamber of the Russian parliament), which represents the different constituencies, is also set to be reformed. However, after the reform some of its powers shall be restricted. The changes to regional representation in the federal decision-making process has a controversial and inconsistent character and inevitably supports the general trend towards centralization.
Constitutional Right to Health Protection and Medical Care in Ukraine in the Context of the Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Nikitin Yurii , Zolka Valentyn , Korol Mykhailo , Kushnir Yaroslav , Demchyk Nadiia
Published: October 2020

The content of the right to health protection and medical care according to Ukrainian legislation is analyzed in the article as well as peculiarities of its realisation in the context of the pandemic COVID-19. It examines also the correlation between the notion “health protection” and “medical care”. On the basis of this correlation, the conclusion is made that the right to health protection is broader and includes, but is not limited to, the right to medical care. Some international standards in the sphere of health protection, which constitute the basis of Ukrainian legislation in this area, are analyzed.

The conclusion is made that Ukraine should take into account such standards while limiting human rights, in particular, the right to health protection and medical care in the context of the pandemic COVID-19. It is mentioned that the significant problem remains the legal regulation of quality control of medical care, the creation of organizational technologies with a clear division of control functions between the various actors in the health care system, which is extremely important in terms of the pandemic.

The attention is also paid to the personal data protection issue in the sphere of health care. The conclusion is drawn that there should be mechanisms for reporting and protecting against abuse while collecting personal data, and people should be able to challenge any COVID-19-related measures for the collection, aggregation, storage and further use of their data.
Prediction of Strain Limits via the Marciniak-Kuczynski Model and a Novel Semi-Empirical Forming Limit Diagram Model for Dual-Phase DP600 Advanced High Strength Steel
Authors: Kacar Ilyas , Ozturk Fahrettin , Toros Serkan , Kilic Suleyman
Published: October 2020

The prediction capability of a forming limiting diagram (FLD) depends on how the yield strength and anisotropy coefficients evolve during the plastic deformation of sheet metals. The FLD predictions are carried out via the Marciniak-Kuczynski (M-K) criterion with anisotropic yield functions for DP600 steel of various thicknesses. Then, a novel semi-empirical FLD criterion is proposed, and prediction capabilities of the criterion are tested with different yield criteria. The results show that the yield functions are very sensitive to anisotropic evolution. Thus, while the FLD curves from the M-K model and the proposed model are not the same for each thickness, the proposed model has better prediction than the M-K model.
How to Experimentally Monitor the Fatigue Behaviour of Vibrating Mechanical Systems?
Authors: Cianetti Filippo
Published: October 2020

Fatigue damage and, in general, fatigue behaviour is not simple to observe or estimate during the operational life of a generic vibrating mechanical system. There are a lot of theoretical or numerical methods that allow to evaluate it or by knowing a priori the loading conditions and obtaining output stress states by adopting numerical models of the mechanical system or by directly experimentally measuring and acquiring stress/strain states. A few examples of instruments (e.g. rain flow recorders) or measurement chains dedicated to estimate it in time domain or frequency domain are found in the literature but none that fully both observes the system dynamic behaviour and estimates the related actualized cumulated damage, and, thus, none that can estimate the residual life of the system itself.
In this paper, a simple time-domain method, designed to monitor the instantaneous fatigue behaviour by definition of the instantaneous and cumulated potential damage or of equivalent damage signal amplitude is presented, based on rain-flow counting method and a damage linear cumulation law and starting from system dynamics signals. This methodology was designed to overestimate real damage to alert the system manager before any crack starts and to be simply translated into electronic boards that can be mounted on generic mechanical systems and linked to one of the sensors that usually monitor system functionality.
Keywords: fatigue; damage; rain flow counting; random loads
Rechtsstaatcultuur
Authors: Janse Ronald
Published: October 2020

Rechtsstaatcultuur

Een rechtsstaat is gebaseerd op zelfbinding van de overheid aan het recht. Deze zelfbinding moet verankerd zijn in regels die onder meer de onafhankelijkheid van de rechterlijke macht vastleggen. De ontwikkelingen in Polen en elders tonen echter aan dat juridische regels van zelfbinding geen blokkades maar verkeersdrempels zijn op de weg naar despotisch bestuur. Een rechtsstaat vereist vooral een cultuur van zelfbinding. De conceptualisering van deze rechtsstaatcultuur staat nog in de kinderschoenen.
The Obligation of Judges to Uphold Rules of Positive Law and Possibly Conflicting Ethical Values in Context
Authors: Gyöngyi Petra
Published: October 2020

The obligation of judges to uphold rules of positive law and possibly conflicting ethical values in context: The case of criminalization of homelessness in Hungary

This article examines the tension between the constitutional obligation of judges to uphold rules of positive law and possibly conflicting standards of conduct arising from professional-ethical values. The theoretical analysis will be illustrated by the case of Hungary, an EU member state experiencing rule of law challenges since 2010 and where the 2018-2019 criminalization of homelessness exemplifies the studied tension. Inspired by the theories of Philip Selznick and Martin Krygier, rule of law will be viewed as a value that requires progressive realization and context-specific implementation. By contextualizing the relevant Hungarian constitutional framework with the content of the judicial code of ethics and judicial practice, it will be shown how the legitimate space for Hungarian judges to distance themselves from legislation possibly in conflict with rule of law values is reduced. Theoretical suggestions for addressing such rule of law regressions will be made.
Testing a report
Authors:   Crossref, Stark Jon
Published: October 2020

Dum mia juneco mi vivis en la komunisma Orienta Eŭropo kaj tie oni instruis, ke estas du mondrigardoj: la religia kaj la scienca darvinisma. Oni instruis, ke la darvinisma koncepto estas materiisma kaj pro tio oni kutime pensas, ke Darwin estis ateisto. Sed tio tute ne estas vera. Li skribis la venontajn frazojn en sia verko „La Origino de Specioj per Natura Selektado, aŭ konservado de la plej vivkapablaj rasoj en la batalo por vivo”:
Nationalization and communalisation of road plots as a legal effect of the decision to approve the registration division of the property
Authors: Ciemiński Marcin , Piergies Łukasz
Published: October 2020

This article is devoted to the appropriation of plots of land intended for the construction
of public roads by the State Treasury or local self-government units. What is contemplated is the
relationship between the content of the decision approving the division of real property and its
legal and material effect, i.e. the revocation of the ownership right. The transfer of ownership
to a plot of land intended for the construction of a public road from a private entity to a public
body is an additional legal effect of the decision approving the division of real property. This
effect does not arise from the decision itself, but by operation of law. In the Authors’ opinion,
since the public body is not authorized to issue a binding decision on the revocation of an
ownership right, it means that such an effect may not depend on the content of the decision
on the division of land. In the Authors’ opinion, it is necessary to reject such an interpretation
of the provisions of the Real Property Management Act, including Article 98(1) of the Real
Property Management Act, which aims to establish the minimum content of the decision
on the division of land that would determine the legal and material effect of such a decision,
i.e. the transfer of the ownership right from a private entity to a public body. For practical
reasons, a public body may include in its decision information on the legal effects of such
a decision, i.e. the revocation of the ownership right when the decision becomes final. However,
such a note will be informative only.
Functioning of prohibitions and restrictions on the use of real estate protecting the cultural landscape on the example of the Wilanów Cultural Park – part 1
Authors: Dzienis Paweł
Published: October 2020

The cultural park is an area form of monument protection in which the subject of protection is
the cultural landscape. There is a special legal regime in its area that aims to provide protection.
The Wilanów Cultural Park is a great example to check how this statutory institution works.
In the article, the author primarily looks for answers on how to balance the daily interests
of the residents of the intensively developing capital district with centuries-old national
heritage. This is served by civil law claims.
The article consists of two complementary parts. In the first of these, presented in
this issue of the journal, the author presents the essence of the institution of a cultural
park, legal grounds, analyzes park bans and restrictions as well as civil law claims
for the owners and perpetual users of real estate located within the Park. In the
second part, using the empirical method, he conducts research directing inquiries
to institutions dealing with the Wilanów Cultural Park. He analyzes the answers
and formulates holistic conclusions including dogmatic, judicial and empirical studies.
The impact of the sustainable development principle on the revitalisation process under the act of 9 October 2015 on revitalization
Authors: Makuch Kinga
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the article is an attempt to reflect the assumptions resulting from the sustain- -able development principle under the Act on revitalization. Although the Act on revitalization, which is a kind of special regulation in the field of spatial planning, does not refer either directly – like the Act on spatial planning and development – or indirectly to the sustainable development principle, it should be assumed that revitalization should certainly be implemented in accordance with the principle of sustainable development. Consequently, all instruments specified under the Act on revitalization, such as the municipal revitalization program, the resolution designating the degraded area and the regeneration area, the Special Revitalization Zone, the local revitalization plan, should be implemented in accordance with the principle of sustainable development. Therefore, the main problem in the Act on revitalization is the lack of reference to the sustainable development principle. The second problem is the lack of uniform standards for sustainable development in the comprehensive revitalization process. Nevertheless, the purpose of the Act on revitalization, can be interpreted by using systematic and teleological interpretation. The considerations lead to an attempt to create the principles of sustainable revitalization in light of the sustainable development principle, the aim of which would be to ensure a process of renewal of degraded areas taking into account integral social, economic and environmental friendly development.
Improving Soil and Water Management for Agriculture: Insights and Innovation from Malta
Authors: Hallett Stephen , Sakrabani Ruben , Thompson Andrew , Deeks Lynda , Knox Jerry
Published: October 2020

Maltese soil resources are a precious and finite natural resource of great agricultural, environmental, and cultural value. They have been subject to human influence over a considerable time and, owing to prolonged intensive land use, have suffered from degradation by erosion, loss of organic matter, structural deterioration, and contamination from excess nitrates, agrochemicals, and salinity. Similarly, water resources (both quantity and quality) in Malta are also under severe stress owing to socio-economic development, over-abstraction for agricultural irrigation and from diffuse pollution. This paper briefly explores the key soil and water challenges facing farmers and the agricultural sector in Malta. Selected technology based and management innovations to improve resource use efficiency, sustain productivity, and support the agricultural sector are identified and discussed. The evidence forms part of FOWARIM ‘Fostering water-agriculture research and innovation in Malta’, an EC H2020-funded twinning project that is building research capacity, supporting knowledge exchange to practitioners, and providing evidence to inform policies for government and the agricultural sector in Malta.
Depth and Width: Culturally Sensitive Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Falzon Rose
Published: October 2020

This paper processes the choice of narrative inquiry and analysis methodologies to conduct research and accomplish optimal inquiry value, especially in the humanistic research domain. It will discuss Narrative Inquiry in context and how this can comprise both depth and width in research, attaining not merely relevant but also rigorous quality. The paper will refer particularly to the author’s doctoral research as a source of illustration to narrative inquiry embedded in a contextual framework.
The Effect of Consumer Characteristics and Behaviour on Pork Consumption in Malta. A Quantitative Study
Authors: Abela Joseph J.
Published: October 2020

The pig industry in Malta is important for the local economy and food safety. As is reported in Galli et al. (2016), Maltese people eat protein-rich diets although the Agriculture and Fisheries Census 2014 issued by the National Statistics Office reports a decrease in the number of pigs being bred on the island. This paper intends to analyse the pattern of Maltese consumer behaviour regarding pork consumption, eliciting the crucial factors affecting local consumption. This study forms part of an ongoing research studying the characteristics and behaviours of the Maltese pork consumer aimed to help the stakeholders in the industry to focus their strength on what is really expected by the consumers. Data was obtained through an online survey with questions/statements related to the demographic characteristics of the respondent, several Likert scale statements to analyse the purchase behaviour, and finally two questions to obtain the respondents’ weekly pork consumption. The research tool was tested for its reliability through an SPSS test, obtaining a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.534. Data was reduced through Factor Analysis, from 17 factors to 5. The VARIMAX test was used to carry out the rotation necessary to reduce data. A resultant 5 factors gave 63% of the total variance in only 6 iterations and this was shown clearly in the scree plot. These five factors were named Product Quality, Peer Influence, Health Issues, Ethnocentrism, and Product Information. Statements found in the research tool were grouped according to their respective new factor and were analysed for their normality. Since the number of respondents was fewer than 100, the Shapiro Wilk test was used to determine if the data has a normal or non-normal distribution. All 5 new factors resulted skewed and therefore the Spearman Correlation test was used to test for the relationship between the Independent variables and the Dependant variables, between the Independent variables themselves, and between the Independent variables and the demographic information gathered. The correlation resulted significant in one Independent variable versus the Dependant variable, in 4 results between the Independent variables themselves, and in 4 results with regard to the relationship between the Independent variables and the Demographic factors. These results give a better picture of the local purchasing behaviour in relation to pork consumption as no previous study in this regard has been published locally before. It is intended to continue studying this phenomenon in the near future by increasing the sample size and making changes to the research tool in order to improve its reliability.
A Coach’s Perception: Major Factors influencing Late Goal-Scoring-Patterns in Maltese Football
Authors: Costantino Kenneth
Published: October 2020

Beyond its basic simplicity, football, is a very complex game. There is no one particular way of playing or method of training that can bring about results. The aim of football is to score more or concede fewer goals than the opponent. With goals being the crucial element, statistics prove that a high percentage are scored late in the game.

This study set out to identify and demonstrate that the number of goals scored in the last fifteen minutes of a ninety-minute football game in top football competitions are higher than in any other fifteen-minute segment in the game. The study also investigates the correlation between the highest percentage of late goals and success which is measured as the final placement in the league table. It also attests that the same goal-scoring patterns are relevant to the Maltese Premier Division, which is considered to be at a lower level of play compared to other top leagues. Consequently, the study identifies the main factors which typically influence such goal-scoring patterns as perceived by local coaches. These factors are physiology, technical-tactical elements, and the team’s psychological attitude towards the game, players’ experience, club finances, and unfavourable circumstances which lead to an uneven level of play. Lastly, the paper identifies the different perceptions of these factors based on coaches’ qualifications and coaching experience at senior level.

This paper could assist coaches in planning and preparing training sessions, with the hope of maximizing their training efficiency and effectiveness. It can also assist coaching course-developers and coordinators to enhance the level of the courses by altering content, assessment criteria, and topics.
The Impact on Education of Children Admitted into Care after Experiencing Abuse
Authors: Żammit Neil , Moore Charlotte
Published: October 2020

This study focuses on the impact of abuse on the child’s education while it explores how these children are being supported in care institutions to minimize and overcome the effects of abuse on their educational journey.
This paper starts by determining the need for this study, the definition of child abuse and then explores the effects of child abuse on the child’s behavioural and psychological well-being. This is supported through different studies where the effects of child abuse on the child’s academic level are looked into. Support from the legal aspect is examined as well as the support being given on the management’s behalf in children homes.
A qualitative approach was adopted through eight semi-structured interviews with residential social workers and/or heads of care from different children homes. The concept of validity and reliability were examined by referring to the concept of credibility which referred to believability or reasonableness; dependability which referred to the description of the changes that occur during the course of research and an understanding of how such changes affect the study; transferability which referred to the ability to generalize, or the extent to which the results of the research can be applied to other settings or contexts (Trochim 2006: 1); and conformability which referred to the degree to which participants agree or corroborate with the research findings in contrast to the preferences and characteristics of the researcher (Guba Guba’s 2018: 197–250).
The thematic analysis of the data concluded that most children in care have a low educational level although a few were not affected in their education. A child’s coping mechanisms and resilience play an important role to overcome the effects of abuse. It is important that a holistic support system is provided within the home as well as coordination between the home and educational institutions.
This study concludes that children who have experienced abuse and were admitted in care need to be supported with a care plan which establishes reachable targets to promote a better opportunity for the child to have a positive educational experience. A number of these children choose not to continue tertiary education owing to their urge of becoming independent.
The conclusion looks into the recommendations for more measures to be incorporated, particularly within the educational institution, as well as the need for better holistic support system between the school and the home through a policy which directly supports the education of children in care.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Different Manures in the Cultivation of Aubergine and Green Pepper – A Case study of the Maltese Islands
Authors: Terribile Kimberly , Borg Malcolm , Grech Daniel , Camilleri Liberato , Sakrabani Ruben
Published: October 2020

The Maltese agricultural sector faces many challenges including lack of organic matter in its soils. The use of organic fertilizers such as cattle or rabbit manure partly addresses this problem. Different doses of manure of rabbit and cattle manure at specific irrigation regimes were used to assess the growth of crops and production of fruit on aubergine and green pepper plants. The overall mean number of green peppers recorded was significantly different than the mean number of aubergine for all four doses of manure applied, using both rabbit and cattle manure, up to an optimum mean number of fruit produced, the optimum being reached at dose 3 for green peppers and dose 4 for aubergines. Additionally, the mean number of fruit was significantly higher when grown in rabbit than in cattle manure. The mean weight of fruit recorded varied significantly between green peppers and aubergines at the highest dose of rabbit manure. When Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) was investigated, the highest nutrient efficiencies were achieved at the higher fertilizer application rates of rabbit manure while for aubergines, the weight increase was not as significant and it may therefore be possible to compromise yield for a better efficiency.
The Case for Lead Internal Verification: An Intrinsic Element of MCAST Quality Assurance Practices
Authors: Micallef Grimaud Jacqueline
Published: October 2020

Several measures have been developed and implemented at the Malta College of Arts, Science, and Technology (MCAST) over the past few years as part of an overarching College Quality Framework in order to gauge and assure quality. Such processes, which include, amongst others, the documentation of processes in the form of standard operating procedures and internal audits within and across its providing institutions, are in line with National Quality Assurance Framework requirements stipulated by Malta’s National Commission for Further and Higher Education (NCFHE).

The findings from various internal audits carried out by the Quality Assurance Department have indicated that a number of quality practices were predominant, in that several observations showcased the strengths of the internal verification process underpinning its credibility and validity in assuring the quality of programmes delivered and the assessment decisions taken. Several factors deemed necessary to the vocational essence of the various programmes offered by MCAST and the robustness of the assessment/internal verification process feeding into internal and external audits were also identified.

Overview of internal verifiers’ work, crucial to assessment validity and innovation, is a theme which recurs across a wide range of literature. The discourse also inclines to such roles resolving the problems with consistency and enabling innovation. All findings consolidate the analysis of the roles of assessors/internal verifiers and lead internal verifiers, in which their maximization is strongly conveyed, as manifested in a number of good practices identified by the trends observed in the data gathered. Nonetheless, this analytical exercise has also highlighted some factors which would benefit from attention and improvement in assessment skills and competences, particularly as these areas are considered crucial to the vocational education and training being delivered by MCAST.

Incorporation of the recommendations advocated by the findings would reflect the discourse which stems from the premise that internal verification yields greatest benefits when integrated within an explicit quality management framework. It serves to propel quality in relation to matters such as assessment, ensuring the validity and transferability of MCAST qualifications by adhering to the key indicators of a robust system, namely, manageability, sustainability, satisfaction, and consistency, to inspire and aspire to an innate quality culture.
Research Traffic Congestion in Malta: An Analysis of the Attributes, Attitudes and Solutions
Authors: Camilleri Karl
Published: October 2020

Congestion in Malta is now reaching epidemic levels, driven by the fact that the number of cars being registered on a daily basis has increased significantly, and there is no view that this scenario will attenuate. Due to our limited geographical landmass, and that fact that the population and the ratio of cars per person are both increasing, traffic congestion has become acute. It is therefore important to understand the underlying factors that are creating this phenomenon. Congestion is not a problem that can be attributed to Malta only, as many countries battle this issue on a daily basis. Understanding what causes congestion, what the solutions are, the relationship between said factors and congestion, as well as understanding which solutions could garner public support, are the underlying research aims of this study. The data for this study was gathered through a survey containing Likert scale responses (for both dependent and independent variables) to facilitate its quantitative analysis. In order to satisfy the objectives of this research, the strength or lack of correlation between these variables was tested to ensure that any conclusion derived is sound and statistically proven.

The multivariate analysis comprises a Factor Analysis that identifies 4 key components, followed by a Linear Regression Analysis to test the correlation between these new composite factors and congestion factors. The results show a robust correlation which identifies political responsibility as the main driver of this societal daily wait in traffic until a destination is reached. These findings confirm the present situation Malta finds itself in and, from a solution point of view, there is no doubt that respondents want the government to make bold steps forward. However, due to the lack of support for any fiscal disincentive as a solution, no government has yet taken the leap of faith to promote a real solution beyond widening roads, commissioning surveys and acknowledging that there is a serious problem that requires a long-term solution.
miR-458b-5p regulates ovarian granulosa cells proliferation through Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway by targeting catenin beta-1
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Teng Jun , Han Xu , Zhang Shen , Zhang Qin , Tang Hui
Published: October 2020

Objective: Ovarian follicular development, which dependent on the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells (GCs), is a complex biological process in which miRNA plays an important role. Our previous study showed that miR-458b-5p is associated with ovarian follicular development in chicken. The detailed function and molecular mechanism of miR-458b-5p in GCs is unclear.Methods: The luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-458b-5p and catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1), which is an important transcriptional regulatory factor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling were applied to explore the effect of miR-458b-5p on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of chicken GCs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels.Results: We demonstrated that the expression of miR-458b-5p and CTNNB1 showed the opposite relationship in GCs and theca cells of hierarchical follicles. The luciferase reporter assay confirmed that CTNNB1 is the direct target of miR-458b-5p. Using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry with PI and Annexin V-FITC labeling, we observed that transfection with the miR-458b-5p mimics significantly reduced proliferation and has no effects on apoptosis of chicken GCs. In addition, miR-458b-5p decreased the mRNA and protein expression of CD44 molecule and matrix metallopeptidase 7, which are the downstream effectors of CTNNB1 in Wnt/β-Catenin pathway and play functional roles in cell proliferation.Conclusion: Taken together, the data indicate that miR-458b-5p regulates ovarian GCs proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting CTNNB1, suggesting that miR-458b-5p and its target gene CTNNB1 may potentially play a role in chicken ovarian follicular development.
Irradiação ionizante em pós-colheita de atemoia cultivar ‘Thompson’
Authors: Vieira Geraldo Henrique Martins
Published: October 2020

The study of ionizing irradiation with Cobalt 60 (60Co), in this experiment, aimed to evaluate its influence on postharvest physical parameters for atemoia cv. ‘Thompson’, which are related to the fruit ripening process. The irradiation was carried out at the Radiation Technology Center -CTR IPEN / CNEN -SP, located in the university city USP (University of São Paulo) in the compact multi-purpose radiator where gamma rays are used. Atemias were irradiated with the following doses of cobalt 60 (60Co): T0 = No irradiation (control), T1 = 0.2kGy, T2 = 0.4kGy, T3 = 0.6kGy, T4 = 0.8kGy, T5 = 1,0kGy and T6 = 1,2kGy and then packed in expanded polystyrene trays (2 fruits / tray) and sealed with 0.020mm polyvinyl chloride films; exception made to the control treatment which did not receive irradiation; for each analysis parameter there were three repetitions with two fruits per repetition. The fruits under study were stored in a cold chamber at 15 ± 0.2ºC and 90 ± 2% RH. In all irradiation doses, the following analyzes were carried out: loss of fresh mass, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), pH, ascorbic acid (AA), reducing sugars, respiratory rate. The analyzes were analyzed every three days (0,3,6,9,12,15 and 18) days of storage. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (D.I.C.), in a factorial scheme (treatment x storage), composed of seven doses of gamma irradiation and seven storage times. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Tukey's test at the level of 5% probability and regression was performed for the analyzes in the storage period. This experiment can conclude that the doses of 1.0kGy and 1.2kGy demonstrate greater control of breathing, in atemoia, until the 9th day; three days more than the control treatment, the other parameters analyzed did not show any interference in the increase in postharvest life of the atemous cv ‘Thompson’.
Das Konzept des ewigen transzendenten Buches
Authors: Jahan Naghmeh
Published: October 2020

´The idea of a heavenly book pervades almost all religions that originated in the Middle East: the divine sphere delivers its message to the people of this world. And it has a long history: from the religions of the Sumerians and Babylonians to the three world religions Judaism, Christianity and Islam.
Naghmeh Jahan is familiar with the relevant religions through her biography and experienced them in various forms. Even more: she studied the relevant source languages or grew up with them. As a reader, you will be taken on a journey across the notions of the heavenly books.
Professor Dr. Dr. Bertram Schmitz, Jena 2020
Der weibliche Aufbruch um 1900
Authors: Wybrands Johanna
Published: October 2020

Around 1900 there was a generation of female authors who saw themselves as such, even without forming closer groups and combined this self-image with new beginnings and innovation. By analysing generationality as a characteristic of female narration Johanna Wybrands examines to what extent this constellation is also effective on a narrative level. Using well-founded, context-oriented text analyses, the author shows that much-read authors at the turn of the century such as Hedwig Dohm, Gabriele Reuter and Helene Böhlau, with their now often forgotten works, made an important contribution to the interplay between generation and gender, to narrative ways of becoming female subjects and to the prehistory of the New Woman of the 1920s.
Good Enough Justice?
Authors: Brewer Benjamin ,   DePaul University
Published: October 2020

This essay contends that Stanley Cavell’s criterion of “good enough justice,” which designates the minimal condition of social justice necessary for his perfectionist understanding of ethical selfhood, constitutes an avoidance—rather than an acknowledgment—of the problem of injustice. Taking Cavell’s misreading of Walter Benjamin as exemplary of this tendency, the essay shows how Cavell’s moral perfectionism consistently converts questions about the suffering of others into a problem of the self and its conscience, thereby avoiding the ethical claim at the heart of Benjamin’s project.
Umbellula pomona sp. nov., a new sea pen from Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea)
Authors: Risaro Jessica , Williams Gary C. , Pereyra Daniela , Lauretta Daniel
Published: October 2020

Sea pens (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) constitute a distinctive group of colonial marine invertebrates. They inhabit the world`s oceans, from shallow to deep waters. Studies about this group in Argentina are scarce, and no species have been described in the area in over a decade. Based on samples collected in Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon at about 3000 m deep we describe a new species of sea pen, Umbellula pomona Risaro, Williams & Lauretta sp. nov. This is a spiculate Umbellula that differs from other species of Umbellula with sclerites, by the number, development and distribution of the autozooids in its terminal cluster, as well as the shape of its axis. Molecular data also distinguishes it from other known species. Of the forty-three described species approximately ten are considered valid for the genus Umbellula, four of them are registered for the South Atlantic Ocean and only three are described for the Antarctic region. Since sampling efforts in this area have been scarce, the number of species of sea pens from the region is likely to increase substantially in the coming years.
German Passives and English Benefactives
Authors: Lee-Schoenfeld Vera , Twiner Nicholas
Published: October 2020

In both English benefactive constructions (John baked Mary a cake) and German kriegen/bekommen-passives (Er kriegte einen Stift geschenkt ‘He got a pen gifted’), the theme argument is accusative-marked but has no way of getting structural accusative case. In English benefactive constructions, this is because the beneficiary argument intervenes between the voice head and the theme, and in German kriegen/bekommen-passives, it is because there is no active voice head. This paper proposes that, in both languages, the applicative head introducing the beneficiary/recipient (more generally, the affectee argument), comes with an extra case feature that can license case on the theme argument. In English, this non-canonical accusative case feature comes with the regular applicative head introducing the beneficiary argument. In contrast, in German, it comes with a defective applicative head which introduces the recipient but is unable to assign to it the inherent dative case that normally comes with the Affectee theta-role. The paper offers a unified analysis of English and German double object constructions and also of German werden (‘be’) and kriegen/bekommen (‘get’)-passives.
English relative clauses in a cross-Germanic perspective
Authors: Bacskai-Atkari Julia
Published: October 2020

The article talk examines the distribution of relativising strategies in English in a cross-Germanic perspective, arguing that English is quite unique among Germanic languages both regarding the number of available options and their distribution. The differences from other Germanic languages (both West Germanic and Scandinavian) are primarily due to the historical changes affecting the case and gender system in English more generally. The loss of case and gender on the original singular neuter relative pronoun facilitated its reanalysis as a complementiser. The effect of the case system can also be observed in properties that are not evidently related to case. Specifically, choice between the pronoun strategy and the complementiser strategy is known to show differences according to the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy. While English shows a subject vs. oblique distinction in this respect, matching its nominative/oblique case system, German dialects show a subject/direct object vs. oblique distinction, matching the nominative/accusative/oblique case setting in the language. The particular setting in English is thus not dependent on e.g. a single parameter but on various factors that are otherwise present in other Germanic languages as well, and it is ultimately the complex interplay of these factors that results in the particular setup.
An efficient sorghum protoplast assay for transient gene expression and gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Meng Ruirui , Wang Chenchen , Wang Lihua , Liu Yanlong , Zhan Qiuwen , Zheng Jiacheng , Li Jieqin
Published: October 2020

Protoplasts are commonly used in genetic and breeding research. In this study, the isolation of sorghum protoplasts was optimized and applied to transient gene expression and editing by CRISPR/Cas9. The protoplast was most viable in 0.5 M mannitol, which was the highest of three concentrations after 48- and 72-hours treatments. Using this method we can derive an average of 1.6×106 cells which vary from 5 to 22 nm in size. The average transfection of the protoplasts was 68.5% using the PEG-mediated method. The subcellular assays located Sobic.002G279100-GFP and GFP proteins in the cell compartments as predicted bioinformatically. Two CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids were transfected into sorghum protoplasts to screen for an appropriate sgRNA for gene editing. One plasmid can correctly edit the target region using a single protoplast cell as template DNA. Our results indicated that the protoplast assays as optimized are suitable for transient gene expression and sgRNA screening in CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing procedures.
Analysis of Tourism Market at Peripheral Areas in Badung, Bali
Authors: Adikampana I. Made
Published: October 2020

Aims: This paper addressed the characteristics of the tourism market to provide consideration to the development of local community-based tourism products in peripheral areas in Badung, Bali, Indonesia.

Study Design:  Survey.

Place and Duration of Study: Pangsan Tourist Village. The study conducted between June and August 2019.

Methodology: Data collected by a visitor survey. The questionnaire employed a structured question to respondents at one time. The questions are related to the characteristics of the respondents. Respondents are tourists visiting peripheral areas and determined by purposive sampling. The number of respondents was 100 tourists. Then the collected data analyzed descriptively to interpret the appropriate market for tourism products of peripheral areas.

Results: Tourists in the peripheral areas in Badung dominated by foreign from Europe. More than 80% of tourists come from France, Holland, Germany, England, and Italy. These countries are the main markets. Apart, the source of the tourism market potentially arrives from Australia and China. On the demographic facet, the tourism market is dominated by adults. Jobs related are professionals, managerial, and civil servants who have a solid urban routine every day. In addition, most tourists have high education levels. These characteristics are coherent with tourism products in the peripheral areas. The results also represent that the market has an average night holiday is 20 nights. However, most of the leisure time spent visiting and staying in centers of tourism. These circumstances indicate the dominance of the tourism center and contribute to the lack of community participation in tourism development in the peripheral areas.

Conclusion: To promote participation it is important to maintain the suitability between the products and the tourism market. Another consideration is increasing the quality and diversification of attractions; partnerships between tourism actors in peripheral areas with tourism centers; and attracting local and domestic tourists.
Insecticidal Activity of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) Aqueous Extracts against the Grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)
Authors: Ingrid Dongmo Tonleu , Akwanjoh Seino Richard , Yacouba Manjeli
Published: October 2020

Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) is an annual plant with insecticidal activity against some insect pests. The present study was designed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts (infusion and maceration) of A. conyzoides against the pest grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera, Pyrgomorphidae). Concentrations of 0, 10, 30, 100 & 300 µg/ml were prepared and administrated through injection to grasshoppers. Mortality rate was recorded for adult grasshoppers each day until the 9th day of treatment. Results revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of mortality rate with increasing concentrations of the two plant extracts. Plant extracts at 300 µg/ml induced 100.00 ± 0.00 percent mortality of adults Z. variegatus after 4 and 5 days for A. conyzoides infusion and maceration respectively. No mortality was registered after treatment with 0 & 10 µg/ml of the two plant extracts. Male mortality rate tended to be higher than that of female at the same concentration. Also, infusion tended to significantly increase (p < 0.05) mortality rate than maceration at the same concentration. Phytochemicals screening have shown that the presence of saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and alkaloids in the A. conyzoides aqueous extracts may be responsible for the insecticidal activity of this plant. These phytochemicals may therefore be exploited and serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic insecticides against the grasshopper Z. variegatus.