bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International protection of intellectual property rights: cooperation of theRepublic of Kazakhstan within WIPO
Authors:   Karaganda Buketov University, Abdakimova D.A.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of international cooperation of the Republic of Ka-zakhstan and the World Intellectual Property Organization. The author explores the role of WIPO in the field of intellectual property protection, international agreements of which it is the administrator. The article de-scribes in detail the process of the formation of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a full member of the interna-tional institutional mechanism of WIPO for the protection of intellectual property rights within the UN. The main events heldand adopted by the Republic of Kazakhstan with the assistance of this international organi-zation are considered. Moreover, the author also considers WIPO projects in which the Republic of Kazakh-stan will participate in the near future, such as the creation of technology and innovation support centers (TISCs) in our country. The article gives an assessment and the role of WIPO in the organization of the mechanism for the protection of intellectual property rights in Kazakhstan. The international organization provided assistance to our country in matters of harmonization of legislation with international standards, dig-italization of services, professional training of personnel and expansion of international cooperation
State policy of ensuring energy security in foreign countries:constitutional and legal aspect
Authors:   Omsk State University named after F.M. Dostoevsky, Kukeyev A.K.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state policy of ensuring energy security in foreign countries, which may vary depending on their unique needs, resources and geopolitical position. Many countries import energy resources such as oil and gas. Dependence on supplies abroad can makethem vulnerable to political or economic changes in exporting countries. Geopolitical tensions and conflicts can lead to an interruption of energy supplies or even direct conflicts in the energy sector. Climate change can affect energy security through anincrease in extreme weather conditions, which can damage infrastructure and energy supplies. Outdated or insufficiently protected infrastructure may be vulnerable to cyber attacks and other threats. Low energy consumption efficiency can increase dependence on imports and worsen energy security. Promoting energy-saving technologies and activities helps to reduce overall energy demand and improve energy effi-ciency.To address these challenges, countries are developing strategies that include a variety of measures, such as diversifying energy sources, developing energy-saving technologies, diplomatic efforts, improving infrastructure and cyber security, and participating in international organizations and agreements. Each country adapts its policies according to specific circumstances and interests.
Vocabulario crítico para recuperación y aceleración de aprendizajes en ciencias y matemáticas en 2° y 3° básico
Authors: Strasser Katherine , Zamora Mansilla Rosario
Published: June 2024

En este estudio se buscó identificar el vocabulario académico general y disciplinar relevante para el logro de los objetivos curriculares de matemáticas y de ciencias naturales de segundo y tercero básico, y construir pruebas para evaluar su dominio. Para ello se realizó un análisis de las palabras presentes en los materiales curriculares, que se codificaron según tipo y objetivos de aprendizaje. Posteriormente se realizó una selección de palabras para evaluar según frecuencia y relevancia para los objetivos. Para estas palabras se desarrollaron preguntas receptivas y productivas que fueron sometidas al juicio de dos expertos en didáctica de las matemáticas y tres expertos en didáctica de las ciencias, a partir del cual se diseñaron las pruebas piloto. Estas pruebas fueron administradas a 43 estudiantes de segundo básico y 34 de tercero básico en dos escuelas subvencionadas de Santiago. Un análisis psicométrico básico mostró que las tres pruebas tienen buena consistencia interna, y un análisis de correlaciones con pruebas de logro de matemáticas y ciencias administradas por las escuelas aportó evidencia de su validez. Se discuten implicancias prácticas de este estudio para la recuperación y aceleración de aprendizajes a través de la enseñanza del vocabulario académico.
THE IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY
Authors: Winther Tanja
Published: June 2024

How does everyday life change when electricity becomes available to a group of people for the first time? Why do some groups tend to embrace this icon of development while other groups actively fight against it? This book examines the effects of electricity’s arrival in an African, rural community. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Zanzibar at different points in time, the author provides a compelling account of the social implications in question. The rhythm of life changes and life is speeding up. Sexuality and marriage patterns are affected. And a range of social relations, e.g. between generations and genders, as well as relations between human beings and spirits, become modified. Despite men and women’s general appreciation of the new services electricity provides, new dilemmas emerge. By using electricity as a guide through the social landscape, the particularities of social and cultural life in this region emerge. Simultaneously, the book invites readers to understand the ways that electricity affects and becomes implicated in our everyday life.
A Review on the Identification and Classification of Activities for the Purpose of Tracking Objects in Video Surveillance
Authors: Khalaf Ahmed Othman
Published: June 2024

An increasing number of academics are becoming interested in the field of image processing since object tracking in video surveillance is a significant application and a growing subject of research in the field of technique known as video tracking is one that involves the utilization of a camera in order to find a moving object or many moving things throughout the course of time. As a result of its key qualities, video surveillance serves a variety of functions, including but not limited to human-computer interactions, security and surveillance, video communication, traffic management, and public areas such as airports, underground stations, and large-scale events, amongst others. Keeping track of a target in a congested area is still a difficult video surveillance task. The processing framework for video surveillanceis completed by a sequential flow that includes the detection of moving objects, their classification, tracking, and behavior identification. This study examines tracking techniques, classifies them into many categories, and concentrates on significant and practical tracking techniques. This paper discusses several tracking systems, including active contour-based, area-based, and others, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Various tracking techniques are discussed along with thorough descriptions. Finally, researchers presentan overview of potential research areas after reviewing general tactics and a scan of the literature on various methodologies.
A docência na Amazônia Paraense: Um curso sobre a transposição didática na formação continuada do professor(a) de química
Authors: Pacheco Rodrigo Almeida , Silva Luely Oliveira da
Published: June 2024

Este produto Educacional em formato de livro digital (ebook), traz como tema “A Docência na Amazônia Paraense: A Transposição Didática na Formação Continuada do(a) Professor(a) de Química” que é fruto de uma dissertação de Mestrado Profissional desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação e Ensino de Ciências na Amazônia da Universidade do Estado do Pará (PPGEECA/UEPA), desenvolvido pelo mestrando Rodrigo Almeida Pacheco e sua orientadora Profa. Dra. Luely Oliveira da Silva. O curso é destinado a professores e formadores do ensino de química ou de docentes de outras áreas que queiram replicar o curso. Sabemos que as pesquisas educacionais partem de uma fonte, neste caso, ela surgiu das inquietações do pesquisador quando observa, durante sua trajetória profissional no interior do estado do Pará, no município de Cametá, um pedacinho de chão desta imensa Amazônia, professores carentes de formações continuadas e participação de processos formativos que lhes dê traquejo, manejo e destreza na elaboração e na forma que conduz suas aulas. Podemos inferir que as formações continuadas para professores são essenciais tendo em vista as mudanças cada vez mais aceleradas pelas quais o mundo e a educação passam na atualidade. Sendo assim, como forma de acompanhar essas mudanças, é importante os docentes receberem essas formações ao longo de toda a sua trajetória profissional. Este processo formativo se encontra em formato de um curso, seguindo critérios da manifestação de produtos educacionais conforme preconiza a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e conta com uma carga horária de 60h (sessenta horas), dividida em planejamento, execução e avaliação do curso.
Convolutional Codes with Optimum Bidirectional Distance Profile
Authors: Stanojevi´c I. , Senk V.
Published: June 2024

We define the bidirectional distance profile (BDP) of a convolutional code as the minimum of the distance profiles of the code and its corresponding “reverse” code. We present tables of codes with the optimum BDP (OBDP), which minimize the average complexity of bidirectional sequential decoding algorithms. The computer search is accelerated by the facts that optimum distance profile (ODP) codes of larger memory must have ODP codes of smaller memory as their “prefixes”, and that OBDP codes can be obtained by “concatenating” ODP and reverse ODP codes of smaller memory. We compare the performance of OBDP codes and other codes by simulation.
Bahan Ajar E-LKS Berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Silvi Khumairoh Luthfia , Auliya Nanang Nabhar Fakhri
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dilakukan untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan bahan ajar e-LKS berbasis Realistic Mathematic Education materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kelayakan menghasilkan bahan ajar e-LKS berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan. Pengembangan penelitian mengacu pada model 4D Thiagarajan yang dimodifikasi, model 4D yang dimodifikasi ini memiliki 3 tahap. Ketiga tahap tersebut adalah tahap define, design, dan development. Dengan menggunakan model tersebut bahan ajar dinyatakan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kelayakan ini berdasarkan uji kelayakan yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan peneliti. Uji kelayakan dilakukan 2 kali yaitu uji skala kecil yang terdiri dari 5 siswa MTs dan uji skala yang dilakukan di salah satu MTs yang terdiri dari 30 siswa.
This research is development research carried out to develop and produce e-LKS teaching materials based on Realistic Mathematic Education on the System of Two Variable Linear Equations. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of producing e-LKS teaching materials based on Realistic Mathematic Education material on the Two-Variable Linear Equation System. This research includes developmental research. Development research is research that has the goal of creating a product and conducting feasibility testing. Research development refers to the modified 4D Thiagarajan model, this modified 4D model has 3 stages. The three stages are the define, design, and development stages. By using this model, teaching materials are declared suitable for use in learning. This feasibility is based on a feasibility test that has previously been carried out by researchers. The feasibility test was carried out 2 times, namely a small-scale test consisting of 5 people at MTs Darul Ulum and a scale test conducted at MTs Nahdlatul Muslimin consisting of 30 students.
Kontribusi Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Farhan Muhamad , Hakim Arif Rahman , Apriyanto M. Tohimin
Published: June 2024

Lemahnya penerapan kecerdasan emosional dalam pembelajaran matematika menyebabkan matematika dianggap sulit oleh siswa. Hal ini menjadi sebab munculnya krisis motivasi dalam belajar matematika. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui secara empiris kontribusi kecerdasan emosional terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode survei. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa salah satu SMP Islam Terpadu di Jakarta Selatan, dengan sampel 69 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket kecerdasan emosional dan angket motivasi belajar siswa, masing-masing 30 pernyataan dengan acuan skala Likert. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis korelasional teknik regresi sederhana berbantuan SPSS 16.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kecerdasan emosional memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran matematika yaitu sebesar 14,3%, sedangkan 85,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Kecerdasan emosional perlu diperhatikan dalam pembelajaran matematika untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.
The weak application of emotional quotient in learning mathematics causes mathematics to be considered difficult by students. This is the cause of the emergence of a crisis of motivation in learning mathematics. This research was conducted to empirically determine the contribution of emotional quotient to students' learning motivation. The research method used is the survey method. The research population is all students of one of the Integrated Islamic Middle Schools in South Jakarta, with a sample of 69 students. The instruments used were emotional quotient questionnaires and student learning motivation questionnaires, each containing 30 statements concerning the Likert scale. Data analysis using correlational analysis with a simple regression technique assisted by SPSS 16.0. The results showed that emotional quotient made a significant contribution to students' motivation in learning mathematics, namely 14.3%, while 85.7% was influenced by other variables not examined. Emotional intelligence needs to be considered in learning mathematics to increase student learning motivation.
Kecemasan Matematika terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Kelas XI
Authors: Ratna  , Yahya Amran
Published: June 2024

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa di Indonesia rendah. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya yaitu kecemasan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecemasan matematika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas XI SMA. Penelitian ex-post facto ini merupakan penelitian Causal Comparative Research. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa kelas XI salah satu SMA Negeri di Tinambung, dengan sampel sebanyak 48 siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data berbentuk instrumen angket kecemasan matematika dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan inferensian dengan uji regresi linear sederhana. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kecemasan matematika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika, dengan kontribusi 15,4%. Faktor kecemasan siswa pada matematika perlu diperhatikan dengan baik oleh guru untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika.
Students' mathematical problem-solving ability in Indonesia is low. One of the factors that influence it is anxiety. This research was conducted to determine the effect of math anxiety on the math problem-solving abilities of class XI high school students. This ex-post facto research is a Causal Comparative Research study. The study population was all students of class XI at one of the State Senior High Schools in Tinambung, with a sample of 48 students selected by cluster random sampling technique. The data collection technique was in the form of a mathematical anxiety questionnaire and a mathematical problem-solving ability test. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and inferentially with a simple linear regression test. The test results show that there is an effect of math anxiety on math problem-solving abilities, with a contribution of 15.4%. The student's anxiety factor in mathematics needs to be properly considered by the teacher to improve the ability to solve mathematical problems.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Berdasarkan Disposisi Matematis pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Minggi Ilham , Arwadi Fajar , Bakri Riska Amelia Insani
Published: June 2024

Siswa dituntut agar dapat menggunakan keahlian komunikasi, penalaran, menghubungkan berbagai ide matematika untuk memecahkan masalah, serta mengubah perilaku positif terhadap matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah berdasarkan disposisi matematis siswa kelas IX pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 3 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu pemberian angket, tes uraian, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan kategori disposisi matematis tinggi sudah mampu menyelesaikan ketujuh tahapan pemecahan masalah; dan siswa dengan kategori disposisi matematis sedang masih kurang maksimal; sedangkan siswa dengan kategori disposisi matematis rendah hanya mampu menyelesaikan beberapa tahapan pemecahan masalah.
Students are required to be able to use communication skills, and reasoning, connect various mathematical ideas to solve problems, and change positive behavior toward mathematics. This study aims to analyze problem-solving abilities based on the mathematical dispositions of class IX students in the matter of a system of two-variable linear equations. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research subjects were 3 students. Data collection techniques in this study were questionnaires, essay tests, and interviews. Data analysis techniques in this study are data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the problem-solving abilities of students with high mathematical disposition categories have been able to complete the seven stages of problem-solving. The problem-solving abilities of students with moderate mathematical disposition categories are still not optimal. The problem-solving abilities of students with low mathematical disposition categories are only able to complete several stages of problem-solving.
Research and Implementation of License Plate Recognition Based on CNN Algorithm Under Low Illumination
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Luo Yang , Yu Zhuoyang , Wang Jiaqi , Ni Lei
Published: June 2024

In view of the image information collected by hardware devices under low-light conditions, the signal and noise are relatively low, which will lead to the inability to accurately analyze and process image details and colors in the future. In order to explore the license plate recognition technology based on CNN, this paper improves some recognition steps to strengthen the license plate recognition technology in low-light conditions. The authors use histogram correction and histogram equalization methods in the image pre-processing stage to enhance the image and improve the image quality, and applies the algorithm is applied in low light conditions, which can solve the related problems of low license plate recognition accuracy due to weather or environmental influence, and make the license plate recognition algorithm more suitable for low light environments.
Research on Bus Priority Method for Induction Coordination
Authors: Chen Jianhua
Published: June 2024

Bus priority signal control can effectively alleviate traffic congestion problems, but existing theoretical methods have many limitations in engineering practice, which makes them difficult to apply in actual signal machines or have poor control efficiency. Therefore, this article focuses on engineering practice and conducts research on bus priority methods for induction and coordination scenarios, as well as hardware in the loop simulation. In various traffic scenarios, a comprehensive control method for bus priority is established, including dynamic priority, bus priority strategy, green light compensation mechanism, etc. The Jerry traffic signal control machine is combined with the traffic simulation platform SUMO to build a hardware in the loop simulation system. The simulation results show that under the background of induction control and coordinated control, the delay of public transportation can be reduced by more than 26.26% and 20.64%, respectively, indicating that this method can effectively improve the efficiency of public transportation priority control in engineering practice.
Construction of Smart Transportation City System Based on Digital Twins
Authors: Shen Shujie , Xiao Jingcheng , He Ye , He Zhexin , Yahya Khalid
Published: June 2024

With the acceleration of urbanization, traffic congestion has become an important factor affecting urban economic development and the quality of life of residents. How to use technological means to improve the transportation system has become an important task in the construction of smart cities. The emergence of digital twin technology provides a shortcut for the development of smart cities. As a current research hotspot, the construction of smart transportation city systems based on digital twins aims to improve traffic efficiency, reduce traffic congestion, enhance urban traffic safety, and provide personalized strategies through intelligent and data-driven methods, thereby improving the travel experience of urban residents. This paper adopts a comprehensive research method, combining literature review, empirical analysis, and case study, to deeply explore the smart transportation city system based on digital twins. At the same time, advanced technological means such as perception devices, data collection technology, digital twin simulation technology, and intelligent analysis algorithms are also utilized to effectively simulate and restore complex traffic scenes, monitor and analyze urban traffic data in real-time, and provide scientific basis for traffic management and decision-making. Build an efficient and intelligent urban transportation system through the integration of a series of technologies and methods. The research results indicate that the application of digital twin technology can achieve comprehensive perception, accurate simulation, and intelligent regulation of urban transportation systems. This not only helps to solve traffic congestion problems, improve transportation efficiency, but also enhances the travel experience of urban residents.
Implementation of Measurement and Control Cloud Platform for Agricultural UAV: Case Design of Cloud Computing Course
Authors: Tang Feng ,   IMRAN, Zhang Zhixuan , Yang Yu , Chen Wenping , Tang Xiaoli
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the design of a cloud platform for the measurement and control of agricultural UAV. The plateform aims to streamline the management and deployment of UAV by enterprises, help agricultural scientific research institutions in conducting scientific research work, data collection and analysis, and provide basic agricultural data support for the government to making agriculture-related decisions. Based on the characteristics of high reliability, high security and high expansibility of linux on Z, this system adopts openstack, z/VM, hadoop, tomcat server, J2EE and other technologies to build a fast, stable and reliable cloud platform. Beidou navigation system was used to locate the UAV in real time. This system has the characteristics of convenience, fast, real-time and high efficiency, and provides students with a comprehensive application of cloud technology experiment case.
Day Ahead Optimal Scheduling of Smart Community Microgrid Based on Improved NSGA-III
Authors: Zhao Meixuan , Hao Xueli , Pei Lili , Li Hangying , Li Wei
Published: June 2024

Urban Microgrids have complex topologies and operating environments. This leads to extreme volatility and instability when high percentage of renewable energy is integrated into them. To address these problems, we propose a day-ahead optimal scheduling model for the smart community microgrid on the basis of the improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III). It minimizes the day-ahead operating cost of the microgrid while balancing electricity load. Firstly, we design a wind/solar/hydrogen storage self-consistent energy system inside the community microgrid to realize the efficient utilization of renewable energy. Secondly, we introduce an adaptive mutation-crossover strategy, and propose a fuzzy inference-based NSGA-III algorithm, to solve the slow convergence speed and poor convergence stability of the current multi-objective optimization algorithms. Finally, we design an optimal microgrid scheduling strategy based on typical day. In the day ahead operation cycle of the community microgrid, it maximizes the absorption of wind/solar unit outputs. This improves the operational efficiency of the microgrid and effectively reducing system operating costs. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model achieves superior performance compared with the original NSGA-III methods. The total daily operating costs of the proposed microgrid is reduced by 4.5%, and the renewable energy consumption rates is increased by 8.1%.
A Case Series of Delusional Infestation in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Song Wenxin , Daneman Lauren , Cohen-Oram Alexis , Aradi Stephen
Published: June 2024

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects the basal ganglia, caused by CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene. Delusional infestation (DI) is a rare psychotic manifestation of the disease. This report presents two cases of HD patients with DI, both middle-aged females. The first patient achieved remission of DI with olanzapine, later cross-tapered to risperidone, but had spontaneous relapses. The second experienced gradual resolution of DI with risperidone in the setting of iron repletion and amantadine discontinuation, although her other psychotic symptoms remained. These cases shed light on an uncommon condition and may help guide understanding of the most effective treatment for it.
Facilitators and barriers to employment for people with physical disabilities: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wong Jasin , Su Han , Kudla Angelika , Munsell Elizabeth G.S. , Ezeife Nnaemezie , Crown Deborah , Trierweiler Robert , Capraro Pamela , Tomazin Stephanie , Park Mirang , Heinemann Allen W.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence that employment, or the lack thereof, affects an individual’s health. Consequently, employment provides people with physical disabilities (PWPD) with financial independence, enhances their well-being and self-worth, and facilitates a sense of purpose. People with physical disabilities often retain job skills and motivation to return to work after acquiring a disability. Their vocational rehabilitation and job accommodation needs likely differ from people with disabilities resulting from developmental, sensory, cognitive, and mental health conditions. To better target the needs of PWPD and improve vocational rehabilitation services, it is crucial to identify the modifiable factors that influence their employment outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to examine systematically the client-, employer-, and context-related facilitators and barriers to employment experienced by PWPD. METHODS: We recruited to this cross-sectional study, PWPD from the Midwestern United States who returned to work after injury or illness. An online survey collected data on demographic characteristics and educational history; disability and functional status; supports, facilitators and barriers to employment; and job information and accommodations. RESULTS: 347 working-age PWPD completed the survey; at the time of survey completion, 270 were working and 77 were not. People with physical disabilities who reported social support and encouragement at work were more likely to be working than respondents who did not. Negative attitudes of supervisors and colleagues, inaccessible work environments, and inflexible work schedules were barriers to employment. Important reasons for working included financial needs, a sense of purpose, and self-worth. CONCLUSIONS: Results provide insights into the importance of social supports in the work environment. Novel approaches are needed to develop supportive relationships with supervisors and coworkers.
Association between leisure-time physical activity and musculoskeletal pain before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in working adults
Authors: Alves Roberta A. , Penna Thaísa A. , Silva Michel O. , Oliveira Bruno R.R. , Oliveira Aldair J.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic had major impacts on the physical lives of individuals, especially on home office workers. In this way, the practice of physical activity has been identified as an ally in the reduction and prevention of musculoskeletal pain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between leisure-time physical activity and musculoskeletal pain in adult workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 374 workers of both sexes (age = 46.5±10.5 years). Leisure-time physical activity, number of pain sites, and musculoskeletal pain status were investigated using a questionnaire designed for the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Multinomial Logistic Regression. The significance level adopted was 5%. RESULTS: A significant association was found between physical activity status and the number of pain sites (p = 0.002). In addition, an inverse association was found between physical activity before and during the quarantine and the number of pain sites (two pain sites – OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.2–0.7; three or more pain sites – OR = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.1–0.5). Physical activity interruption during quarantine increased pain perception by 2.86 times (OR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.0–7.5). CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that physical activity before and during the pandemic was a protective factor for body pain during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Multidimensional analysis of supervisors’ safety leadership on safety violations of construction workers: An empirical investigation
Authors: Liu Wenyao , Meng Qingfeng , Li Zhen , Ai Xijie , Chong Heap-Yih
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Frontline supervisors have the most frequent interactions with workers on construction projects. Although Supervisors’ Safety Leadership (SSL) is commonly practiced, its specific inter-relationship with workers’ safety violations remains unclear, especially when it comes to detailed interactions between supervisors and workers, such as supervisors’ safety coaching/safety controlling/safety caring against workers’ situational/routine safety violations. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to uncover the intrinsic relationship between SSL and safety violations from the perspective of construction workers with the help of mediating variables at both organizational and individual levels. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted to test all hypotheses based on empirical data from 346 construction workers. The path coefficient of the fitted model was then analyzed, including associated mediating effects. RESULTS: Situational safety violations are directly affected only by safety caring (β= –0.161, p < 0.05), while routine safety violations are impacted only by safety coaching (β= –0.159, p < 0.05). SSL can influence different types of safety violations through differing mediators. In particular, safety coaching acts on individuals’ routine safety violations mainly through self-efficacy (β= 0.199, p < 0.01; standardized indirect effect = –0.121, 95% CI[–0.226, –0.024]); safety controlling is more oriented to influence individuals’ situational safety violations through group safety norm (β= 0.383, p < 0.001; standardized indirect effect = –0.091, 95% CI[–0.177, –0.036]); and safety caring further influences individuals’ situational safety violations mainly through safety motivation (β= 0.581, p < 0.001; standardized indirect effect = –0.263, 95% CI[–0.418, –0.146]). CONCLUSION: The research enhances existing knowledge by clarifying the complex relationships between supervisor behavior and safety outcomes, particularly from the perceptions of construction workers towards supervisors’ actions and leadership.
Evaluation of cutout factors with small and narrow fields using various dosimetry detectors in electron beam keloid radiotherapy
Authors: Lin Yu-Fang , Hsieh Chen-Hsi , Tien Hui-Ju , Lee Yi-Huan , Chen Yi-Chun , Lai Lu-Han , Hsu Shih-Ming , Shueng Pei-Wei
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

The inherent problems in the existence of electron equilibrium and steep dose fall-off pose difficulties for small- and narrow-field dosimetry.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the cutout factors for keloid electron radiotherapy using various dosimetry detectors for small and narrow fields.

METHOD:

The measurements were performed in a solid water phantom with nine different cutout shapes. Five dosimetry detectors were used in the study: pinpoint 3D ionization chamber, Farmer chamber, semiflex chamber, Classic Markus parallel plate chamber, and EBT3 film.

RESULTS:

The results demonstrated good agreement between the semiflex and pinpoint chambers. Furthermore, there was no difference between the Farmer and pinpoint chambers for large cutouts. For the EBT3 film, half of the cases had differences greater than 1%, and the maximum discrepancy compared with the reference chamber was greater than 2% for the narrow field.

CONCLUSION:

The parallel plate, semiflex chamber and EBT3 film are suitable dosimeters that are comparable with pinpoint 3D chambers in small and narrow electron fields. Notably, a semiflex chamber could be an alternative option to a pinpoint 3D chamber for cutout widths≥3 cm. It is very important to perform patient-specific cutout factor calibration with an appropriate dosimeter for keloid radiotherapy.
Acoustic visualization of scleral outflow after surgical scleral resection
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kazantseva A.Yu. , Korchuganova E.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Aim: to assess the functionality of new surgical outflow pathways by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after surgical scleral resection (SSR). Patients and Methods: a total of 67 patients (67 eyes) with advanced and end-stage POAG and 17 patients (17 eyes) with advanced and end-stage NVG who underwent SSR were examined. Eye examinations included biomicroophthalmoscopy, visual acuity measurement, IOP measurement using a Maklakov applanation tonometer, automated perimetry, tonography, and UBM. UBM was employed to evaluate the acoustic signs of new surgical filtering areas, namely the intrascleral space and filtering bleb (FB) height. UBM was performed in the early (4 weeks) and late (24 and 36 months) postoperative periods following SSR. Results: 4 weeks after SSR, a diffuse, somewhat loose FB was observed in all patients. The mean FB height was 0.49±0.06 mm in patients with POAG and 0.42±0.03 mm in patients with NVG. The mean IOP was 19.0±0.25 mm Hg and 21.2±1.05 mm Hg, respectively. Twenty-four months after SSR, FB height was 0.55±0.02 mm in patients with POAG and 0.46±0.04 mm in patients with NVG. Mean IOP was 18.00±0.31 mm Hg and 20.1±0.65 mm Hg, respectively. By the conclusion of the follow-up period (36 months), the FB exhibited a tendency towards flattening in the majority of patients, with an average height of 0.40±0.06 mm in patients with POAG and 0.34±0.02 mm in patients with NVG (controlled IOP). Conclusion: UBM provided reliable evidence of FB formation, which persisted for more than three years following non-penetrating SSR in the context of controlled IOP in POAG and NVG. KEYWORDS: surgical scleral resection, uveoscleral outflow, ultrasound biomicroscopy, hypoechoic intrascleral space, filtering bleb, IOP. FOR CITATION: Kazantseva A.Yu., Korchuganova E.A. Acoustic visualization of scleral outflow after surgical scleral resection. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2024;24(2):60–63 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2024-24-2-3.
The Impact of the Principal's Leadership on the Role of Teachers in Implementing School Literacy Activities
Authors: Nurmiati  , Sari Siti Mayang , Musdiani
Published: June 2024

The Indonesian government has made significant efforts to enhance literacy at the elementary school level as a foundational aspect of students' educational development and to foster a culture of reading and writing from an early age. This research aims to understand literacy activities in elementary schools to impact students' interest and instill character by studying reading, writing, and cultural literacy. Specifically, the research seeks to determine the impact of principals' leadership on teachers' roles in implementing school literacy activities. Using a qualitative approach, the study's results demonstrate that the leadership of school principals in Cluster VI, Kota Bahagia District, South Aceh, significantly influences the implementation of school literacy programs. Principals with positive personalities, adequate knowledge, a strong understanding of the vision and mission, good decision-making abilities, and effective communication skills are able to support and facilitate teachers in literacy implementation. Literacy is crucial for elementary school students as it enables them to read well, write, listen, and understand the diverse cultures of Indonesia, instilling cultural character from an early age.
Advanced Traffic Incident Detection and Classification with Real-Time Computer Vision
Authors: Kolhe Parag Namdeo  , Dr. Rajesh Keshavrao Deshmukh
Published: June 2024

To constructively enhance traffic safety measures in Saudi Arabia, a significant number of AI-based traffic surveillance technologies have emerged over the past years, including the widely known Saher system. Rapid detection of vehicle incidents is crucial for improving the response speed of incident management, which in turn minimizes road injuries resulting from accidents. To meet the growing demand for road traffic security and safety, this paper presents a real-time traffic incident detection and alert system based on a computer vision approach.
The proposed framework comprises three models, each integrated within a prototype interface to fully visualize the system’s overall architecture.

Vehicle Detection and Tracking Model: This model uses the YOLOv5 object detector combined with the DeepSORT tracker to detect and track vehicle movements, assigning a unique identification number (ID) to each vehicle. The model achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of 99.2%, ensuring high accuracy in vehicle detection and tracking.
Traffic Accident and Severity Classification Model: Utilizing the YOLOv5 algorithm, this model detects and classifies the severity level of traffic accidents. It attained a mAP of 83.3%. Upon detecting a severe accident, the system sends an immediate alert message to the nearest hospital, ensuring timely medical response.
Fire Detection Model: This model employs the ResNet152 algorithm to detect fire ignition following an accident. It achieved an accuracy rate of 98.9%. If a fire is detected, an automated alert is sent to the fire station, facilitating quick firefighting response.

An innovative parallel computing technique was employed to reduce the overall complexity and inference time of the AI-based system, enabling the proposed system to operate concurrently and in parallel. This parallel processing capability ensures that the detection, classification, and alerting processes occur swiftly and efficiently, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the system.
By integrating these advanced AI models, the real-time traffic incident detection and alert system significantly contributes to improving traffic safety and incident management in Saudi Arabia. The system not only detects and tracks vehicles with high precision but also classifies the severity of accidents and identifies subsequent hazards like fires, ensuring comprehensive and timely responses to traffic incidents. This innovative approach sets a new benchmark for AI-driven traffic safety solutions and offers a scalable model that can be adapted to other regions and contexts.
Whole Building Life Cycle Assessment of New Multi-Unit Residential Buildings in Southern Ontario
Authors: Macpherson Robin
Published: June 2024

The built environment accounts for over one-third of global carbon emissions on an annual basis. Solutions for reducing carbon in the built environment typically focus on 'operational carbon' that is released during the day-to-day use of buildings. There is less understanding about how to reduce 'embodied carbon' that is released during the raw material manufacturing, transportation, construction and end of life phases of built assets. However, as operational carbon reduces, and the rate of new construction continues to increase, embodied carbon will grow to represent almost half of all emissions from new buildings. As a result, there is an urgent need to reduce embodied carbon to meet global climate change targets. This research paper begins with a literature review of embodied carbon in the built environment. This includes a review of the whole building life cycle assessment (WBLCA) methodology to calculate embodied carbon, assessment of outcomes from similar studies, consideration of key drivers of emissions and identification of potential reduction strategies. Based on this, a methodology and scope are defined for the WBLCA of 3 new multi-unit residential buildings located in southern Ontario. One Click LCA software is used to calculate the embodied carbon for each building. The baseline results ranged from 182 kg CO e/2 for the low-rise timber framed building up to 347 kg CO e/m fo2 the mid-rise concrete structure and 450 kg CO e/2 for the high-rise concrete structure. Cladding assemblies and floor finishes are identified as key drivers for embodied carbon in the timber frame, and horizontal structural slabs and foundations are the main contributors to emissions in the concrete structure. Six reduction strategies are identified to address the key contributors of embodied carbon in each building. Three of these measures are found to reduce the carbon footprint in the building by 10% or more. Replacement of the above grade concrete structure with timber frame and the use of low carbon concrete are found to be the most impactful reduction strategies. Combining several reduction strategies enables embodied carbon reductions of 20% or greater.
Innovative Stormwater Design for Runoff Volume and Peak Flow Reduction at the Source
Authors: Vejani Keval
Published: June 2024

The emphasis to maintain pre-development hydrology and attain runoff volume target control, have made the use of Low Impact Development (LID) stormwater management practices essential. Innovative LID practices like Etobicoke Exfiltration System (EES) and Damming Baffles (herein referred as Inline Flow Restrictors (IFRs)) are used to promote exfiltration and detention of runoff, that addresses the stormwater goals of urbanized area with limited space for LID. An existing, calibrated Dual Drainage (DD) model is modified using USEPA SWMM (v5.2) to explicitly model the minor and major system flows, for study area in the Town of Richmond Hill, Ontario. The model investigates the hydrologic performance of dual drainage system with EES, and IFRs as compared to a dual drainage system with wet pond, in terms of runoff volume and peak flow reduction. Model results indicate significant runoff volume reduction and manageable maximum peak flow with respective addition of the EES and IFRs.
Effects of Sulfuric Acid on Geopolymer Composites
Authors: Patel Divya
Published: June 2024

This report investigates the effects of sulfuric acid attack on the High-Performance Concrete (HPC) and Engineered Geopolymer Composite (EGC) mixes. Specimens from a total of 28 EGC mixes and 10 HPC mixes were selected for this study. A sulfuric acid solution with concentration of 10% was used for examining the resistance of concrete specimens over a period of 45. The durability of concrete mixes was evaluated by measuring the weight loss, change in strength, thermal conductivity and UPV value. The results of the weight loss reveal that the EGC mixes were more resistant to sulfuric acid attack than HPC mixes. The mixes with ternary binders of class c fly ash, silica sand, and class f fly ash experienced the greater strength loss after exposure to high concentrations of sulfuric acid as opposed to the binary mix of class c fly ash and silica sand. A significant decline in compressive strength of HPC specimens was observed as compared to EGC specimens.
Temporally Consistent Sound Source Localization via Self-Supervised Losses
Authors: Misic Tony
Published: June 2024

Humans derive contextual information from auditory and visual cues. In this thesis, we focus on improving sound source localization in videos, which is the correlation of au-
dio signals to pixels. In this thesis, we study self-supervised losses with the goal of improving both accuracy and temporal consistency. We introduce a new evaluation benchmark that includes temporal ground truth segmentations, we refer to this benchmark as the "Temporally Way Harder" dataset. We demonstrate both qualitatively and quantitatively that our method outperforms current state-of-the-art sound source localization methods in terms of accuracy and temporal consistency on an extant data set and our introduced data set. We motivate our work with ablations showing the existence of centre-bias and temporal inconsistency in past work. Furthermore, we introduce a quantitative metric for examining temporal consistency in sound source localization.
Heatmap Visualization for Monitoring Health of a Large-scale Cloud System
Authors: Sohana Sarah
Published: June 2024

The complex infrastructure, growing scale, and variety of a large-scale Cloud System (LCS) pose many challenges in monitoring the health of its components. Unfortunately, existing advanced monitoring systems often fail to assist the Cloud Operation Team in gaining meaningful insights about their system and its underlying components. In this thesis, we propose a near-real-time interactive visual monitoring tool based on heatmaps that help developers and maintainers of LCS to perform exploratory analysis of LCS health and aid in decision-making regarding resource planning and provisioning, configuration design, and problem identification. We have validated our tool in real-world settings by monitoring IBM Cloud Console (an LCS used by IBM to monitor IBM Cloud). Results show that our heatmaps can provide actionable insights. In particular, the tool has helped the team diagnose anomalous behaviour of the components, determine heavy or low traffic, find latency issues and make critical business decisions. Our tool is of interest to practitioners as it can be used to monitor the health of an arbitrary LCS. Moreover, it can serve as a building block for creating a theory of monitoring complex software systems, which is of interest to academics.