bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Þurfalingar eða virkar og gerandi verur? Hugleiðing um menntun, tilgang og tilvistarverkefni
Authors: Björnsson Jóhann
Published: January 2022

Grein þessi er byggð á reynslu höfundar af kennslu grunnskólabarna á unglingastigi, umræðu fagfólks og lestri stefnumótandi plagga um menntamál. Tvær megináherslur í menntun sem togast á eru skoðaðar, en það er annars vegar menntun sem tilvistarverkefni og hins vegar menntun þar sem áhersla er á góðan árangur í námsgreinum. Þegar menntamál eru annars vegar, hvort sem það er í virku skólastarfi eða í stefnumótandi plöggum, eins og aðalnámskrá grunnskóla, má ávallt finna ákveðna sýn á hvað það er að vera manneskja og hvað menntun er. Rætt er um þessa sýn sem er ekki alltaf augljós. Í þessari grein er lesendum boðið upp á samtal um hugtökin menntun og manneskja og mikilvægi þess ítrekað að skólastjórnendur, kennarar og aðrir sem standa að skólastarfi ígrundi og ræði menntaheimspekilegar spurningar. Það er af hinu góða að stefnumótandi plögg í menntamálum, eins og aðalnámskrá, séu ekki ofurskýrir og óhagganlegir leiðarvísar um skólastarf heldur krefjist ávallt virkrar ígrundunar og túlkunar. Mikilvægt er að „stóru spurningarnar“ sem eru menntaheimspekilegs eðlis verði hvorki út undan í skólastarfi né í menntamálaumræðunni. Þegar hugtökin menntun og manneskja eru skoðuð í aðalnámskrá grunnskóla leiða þau mann að menntun sem tilvistarverkefni og hugtökum tengdum því, eins og ábyrgðarhugtakinu. Þar kemur fram skýr krafa um að nemendur séu ábyrgir einstaklingar og að menntun í skólum stuðli að ábyrgð. Til þess að uppfylla þá kröfu er mikilvægt að virk ígrundun og rökræða menntaheimspekilegra viðfangsefna fái verulegt vægi í skólastarfi.
Stafurinn minn og stafurinn þinn: Þróun stafaþekkingar íslenskra barna á aldrinum 4-6 ára
Authors: Oddsdóttir Rannveig , Ragnarsdóttir Hrafnhildur
Published: January 2022

Markmið þessarar rannsóknar voru að skoða hvernig stafaþekking íslenskra barna þróast frá 4–6 ára aldurs, hvort börn læra fyrr að þekkja tiltekna stafi en aðra, hvort stafaþekking tengist félags- og menningarlegum bakgrunni, lestrarumhverfi á heimili eða málþroska barnanna og hvað einkenni þann hóp barna sem ekki hefur náð viðunandi tökum á stafaþekkingu við lok 1. bekkjar. Fylgst var með þróun stafaþekkingar hóps barna yfir þriggja ára tímabil og aflað upplýsinga um málþroska þeirra, menntun foreldra og lestrarumhverfi á heimilum. Niðurstöður sýndu að stafaþekking barnanna var komin vel á veg við 4 til 5 ára aldur. Yngstu börnin þekktu helst stafi sem hafa persónulega merkingu fyrir þeim, svo sem sinn eigin staf og stafi annarra fjölskyldumeðlima. Fylgni var á milli stafaþekkingar, menntunar foreldra, tekna fjölskyldunnar, málþroska barnanna og þess hvort foreldrar beindu athygli barna að stöfum þegar lesið var fyrir þau. Sá hópur barna sem hafði ekki enn náð góðum tökum á stafaþekkingu við lok 1. bekkjar var marktækt lægri á öllum mælingum á málþroska en þau börn sem höfðu náð góðum tökum á stafaþekkingu. Það er vísbending um að huga þurfi að fleiri þáttum í færni þessara barna en stafaþekkingunni einni til að byggja undir læsi þeirra til framtíðar.
Chemistry of molecular assemblies: macrocyclic compounds and their applications
Authors: Bhatt 1 Keyur D. , Desai 1 Ajay , Mehta 1 Kavit
Published: January 2022

In this review devoted to supramolecular chemistry and their molecular assemblies. Review covers applications of calix system, non-covalent interaction, fluorescence sensor, biosensor, nano biosensor. Macrocyclic compounds attracted a lot of attention as with suitable attached groups it behaves as a good aspirant for recognition of many moieties, it’s also highly selective and specific towards bio molecules, anions, cations and neutral substrate.
DYNAMIC CRACK TOUGHNESS OF AUSTEMPERING STEEL
Authors: Avdjieva Tatyana
Published: January 2022

This work is a part of research on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr-Ni-Si steels after various thermal treatments [1, 2]. The need to minimize damage and losses caused by emerging failures in complex engineering facilities such as nuclear, thermal and hydroelectric power stations, and gas and oil pipelines necessitates the creation of materials of high strength, plasticity, welding and high rigidity.
Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) of Syria: new records and first description of the male of Eharius stathakisi Döker
Authors: Barbar Ziad , Parker Bruce , Skinner Margaret
Published: January 2022

Surveys of Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) were conducted at three locations in Latakia governorate, Syria, in 2020 and 2021. Among the nine species collected, two [Eharius chergui (Athias-Henriot) and Typhloseiulus simplex (Chant)] are new records for Syrian Phytoseiidae fauna, and three species (Eharius stathakisi Döker, Graminaseius recebi Döker, Kazak and Karut and Neoseiulus sekeroglui Döker and Stathakis) are measured and are discovered for the first time after their original descriptions. The male of E. stathakisi was discovered, described and illustrated for the first time. All phytoseiid taxa reported from Syria to the present are tabulated.
Hydrodroma angelieri (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hydrodromidae) a new water mite species from Corsica based on morphological and DNA barcode evidence
Authors: Pešić Vladimir , Smit Harry
Published: January 2022

In the present study we used morphological data and DNA barcodes to describe a new species, Hydrodroma angelieri sp. nov. from Corsica, France. A high genetic distance of 17.3±0.017% K2P from its molecularly most closely related European congener, H. despiciens (Müller, 1776), supports H. angelieri sp. nov. as a distinct species. Morphologically the new species can be identified on the basis of relatively small leg claws, the presence of only one swimming seta on II-L-5 and 4-6 swimming setae on the anterior surface of IV-L-5. An updated key for the European species of Hydrodroma is provided.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Surface-Treated Ti13Nb13Zr Alloy with MWCNTs Coatings
Authors: Majkowska-Marzec Beata , Sypniewska Joanna
Published: January 2022

Laser surface modification of titanium alloys is one of the main methods of improving the properties of titanium alloys used in implantology. This study investigates the microstructural morphology of a laser-modified surface layer on a Ti13Nb13Zr alloy with and without a carbon nanotube coating deposited by electrophoretic deposition. Laser modification was performed for samples with and without carbon nanotube coating for two different laser powers of 800 W and 900 W and for different scan rates: 3 mm/s or 6 mm/s at 25 Hz, and the pulse duration was 2.25 ms or 3.25 ms. A scanning electron microscope SEM was used to evaluate the surface structure of the modified samples. To observe the heat-affected zones of the individual samples, metallographic samples were taken and observed under an optical microscope. Surface wettability tests were performed using a goniometer. A surface roughness test using a profilograph and a nanoindentation test by NanoTest™ Vantage was also performed. Observations of the microstructure allowed to state that for higher laser powers the surfaces of the samples are more homogeneous without defects, while for lower laser powers the path of the laser beam is clearer and more regular. Examination of the microstructure of the cross-sections indicated that the samples on which the carbon nanotube coating was deposited are characterized by a wider heat affected zone, and for the samples modified at 800 W and a feed rate of 3 mm/s the widest heat affected zone is observed. The wettability tests revealed that all the samples exhibit hydrophilic surfaces and the samples with deposited carbon nanotube coating increase it further. Surface roughness testing showed a significant increase in Ra for the laser-modified samples, and the presence of carbon nanotubes further increased this value. Nanoindentation studies showed that the laser modification and the presence of carbon coating improved the mechanical properties of the samples due to their strength.
Entrepreneurship Factors Among Developed Countries and Emerging Regions
Authors: Potts Mark D , Affholter Joseph A , Harless Sydney
Published: January 2022

The paper contributes to the understanding of entrepreneurial activity by assessing the relative importance of eight entrepreneurial readiness factors across countries in different regions and stages of economic development. Drawing on the literature, this paper identifies eight principle national entrepreneurial readiness factors (NERFs) as (1) business freedom; (2) investment freedom; (3) investor protection; (4) property rights protection; (5) technological readiness; (6) innovation; (7) freedom from corruption; and (8) access to risk capital. NERF country data is subjected to a linear regression analysis for each factor’s influence on the sum of all eight factors which is called a country’s National Entrepreneurial Readiness Value (NERV). Six South East European countries, eight South American countries, ten South East Asian countries, and six West African countries are compared against one another and the benchmark of the four largest G7 economies. Results of this analysis are presented and show that investor protection, property rights protection, and freedom from corruption are the most impactful entrepreneurial readiness factors. These findings present future research implications of how these results link to endowments and relate to improving entrepreneurial readiness.
Investigation of porosity behavior in SLS polyamide-12 samples using ex-situ X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Ziółkowski Grzegorz , Grochowska Emilia , Kęszycki Dawid , Gruber Piotr , Hoppe Viktoria , Szymczyk-Ziółkowska Patrycja , Kurzynowski Tomasz
Published: January 2022

The paper presents a detailed description of the method of carrying out static tensile tests in ex-situ X-ray computed tomography (XCT) conditions. The study compares samples manufactured with the use of additive technology in two orientations, horizontally and vertically, which correspond to the in-layer and between-layer sintering mechanisms. Both the fracture mechanism and porosity behavior differed significantly for the two manufacturing directions. The conducted analysis made it possible to compare the changes in porosity, the number of pores, and also their diameters and shape before and after the tensile test. This allows for in-depth identification and better understanding of the phenomena occurring during the static tensile test of polyamide-12 samples manufactured using selective laser sintering (SLS) technology.
Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells Hyperplasia in Fundic Gland Polyp and Its Association with the Usage of Proton Pump Inhibitors
Authors: Krisnuhoni Ening , Sufangga Fili , Handjari Diah Rini , Rahadiani Nur , Stephanie Marini
Published: January 2022

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The Potential of Serum IFN-γ for Determining the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Susilawati Tri Nugraha , Rahayuningtyas Winda , Pramana Triyanta Yuli
Published: January 2022

Background: A persistent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma even though the virus itself is non-cytopathic and does not cause cell injury. It has been asserted that liver injury in chronic HBV infection is attributed to the host immune system responding to HBV infection. Cytokines have a critical role in mediating immune responses to viral infection. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-17, and TNF- α with the progress of chronic HBV infection that was determined through provisional diagnosis, patient’s age, and the levels of serum transaminases.Method: Blood samples were collected from patients with chronic hepatitis B and the levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-17, and TNF-α were measured by using ELISA. The correlation between each cytokine levels and the provisional diagnosis, patient’s age, and serum transaminases were analyzed by using the Spearman correlation test with a p value of 0.05 is considered as statistically significant.Results: A total of 47 samples were collected from patients with chronic hepatitis B (n=38), chronic hepatitis B with liver cirrhosis (n = 6), and chronic hepatitis B with hepatocellular carcinoma (nc = 3). A significant correlation was found between the levels of serum IFN-γ and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.04).Conclusion: The increase of serum IFN-γ and AST levels may highlight the importance of these particular cytokine and liver transaminase in the immune response to chronic HBV infection since IFN-γ is capable to induce apoptotic cell death which promotes AST release and facilitates liver injury.
The Role of β-1.3/1.6-D-Glucan From Ganoderma lucidum Mycelium Extract in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Simadibrata Marcellus , Rachman Aditya , Nursyirwan Saskia Aziza , Abdullah Murdani , Pribadi Rabbinu Rangga , Haloho Raja Mangatur , Wijaya Anthony Eka , Simadibrata Daniel Martin , Renaldi Kaka
Published: January 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease that affects the colon. Current pharmacological modalities to treat UC have various side effects; therefore, there is a demand to develop a new alternative medicine that can reduce side effects and increase drug efficacy. One candidate for alternative therapy is Polysaccharide Peptide which is extracted from Ganoderma lucidum mycelium. This Polysaccaharide has an active compound of Β-1,3/1,6-D-Glucan which has strong immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Various studies have reported that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can reduce inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17A, which is produced by colonic mucosal inflammation. In addition, β-1,3/1,6-D-Glucan has shown improvements in inflammatory parameters and intestinal immunological barrier function animal studies with artificial colitis and requires further research in humans before clinical applications.
The role of social comparison and type of feedback on self-criticism in people with high levels of depressive symptoms
Authors: Amănălăchioaie Andreea , Diaconu-Gherasim Loredana
Published: January 2022

This research explores the relation between social comparison and self-criticism on a group of participants with elevated rates of depressive symptoms. In addition, the study investigated whether the type of feedback could moderate the relation between social comparison and self-criticism. The sample included 36 psychology students in the first year (N = 28 women, M age = 24.6, SD = 4.66) with high depressive symptoms. Results show that higher rates of negative social comparison are correlated with higher levels of self-criticism. Participants that received negative feedback reported an increase level of self-criticism compared to those from positive feedback condition. The type of feedback moderated the relation between social comparison and self-criticism. Our findings are discussed from the perspective of their practical implications for young adults experiencing high levels of depressive symptoms.
Psychological Entitlement and Work-related Outcomes during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The Role of Telecommuting as a Moderator
Authors: Candel Octav Sorin , Arnăutu Monica
Published: January 2022

Telecommuting is a necessary change imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic. However, little is known about its interactions with the employees’ personal traits and their impact on work-related outcomes. With this study, we aimed to test the moderating role of telecommuting on the relationship between psychological entitlement and three work outcomes (job satisfaction, counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior). Also, job satisfaction was included as a mediator between psychological entitlement and counterproductive work behavior, respectively organizational citizenship behavior. Our sample consisted of 253 employees who were either telecommuting or working from their workplace. The moderated mediation analyses showed significant differences between the two groups. The outcomes of telecommuting and their managerial implications are discussed.
Effect of Industrial and Domestic Processing Techniques On the DNA Degradation of Anchovy
Authors: Aksun Tümerkan Elif Tuğçe
Published: January 2022

Food fraudulent activities have become a serious issue over the world recently. Seafood products have trading and profitable potential in Turkey owing to the abundance of fisheries and other species. While morphological features are commonly used for species identification in raw seafood products, this identification does not meet the correct classification in cryptic species and processed seafood products. Molecular techniques have been utilized for species authentication in processed seafood items successfully. In this study, the effect of different processing techniques on the DNA quality and DNA degradation isolated from raw and processed anchovy was investigated. Anchovy is one of the important species in both fisheries activities and processing and consumption in Turkey. For this aim, DNA was isolated from processed anchovy groups and un-processed anchovy groups as control by the same extraction methods and the quality of DNA was compared among the groups. The most common processing techniques, frying, baking, smoking, roasting, baking and grilling were applied to anchovy. The results revealed that not only different thermal processing but also treatment with acid and salt cause DNA degradation and quality loss of DNA parameters which are essential for authentication of species and traceability for public health.
Investigation of Solar Powered Drying System Potential in Niğde Province
Authors: Saygılı Yaşar Serhat , Yetik Ali Kaan , Baş Furkan , Şen Burak
Published: January 2022

Storage of the foods obtained by plant and animal production is as important as their cultivation. Crops cultivated around the world lose 28-36% of total yield during the process from agricultural land to consumption. With the most of this loss occurs after harvest and harvest, it can be reduced by suitable machines and appropriate methods to be used. Niğde is in third place in the list of cities with the highest apple production in Turkey. In addition, it is seen that the potential of the region to benefit from solar energy is quite high with 8.02 hours of daily sunshine duration and 1550-1800 kWh m-2 total solar radiation values. In line with the information given, Niğde province stands out as an important opportunity for apple drying processes using solar-powered drying methods. In this study, suitable drying methods that can be used for agricultural products in general and methods that can be used in Niğde province have been investigated and with the using the information obtained from previous studies related to the region its examined that the solar drying system and machines that can be developed for the province of Niğde are specified.
Occupational Health and Safety in Agricultural Production
Authors: Saygılı Yaşar Serhat , Çakmak Bülenr
Published: January 2022

Agricultural production is one of the leading sectors in the world and in our country in terms of employment rates. Agricultural production activities, the importance of which is increasing day by day due to the increasing world population, is an important strategic element for every country. The economy of many countries, including our country, still depends on the products they obtain because of agricultural production. Appropriate agricultural policies should be implemented to increase the productivity in agricultural production, to protect the employed workforce and to ensure its continuity. In addition to establishing appropriate agricultural policies, employed workers should also be protected by laws, regulations and directives. It is a fact that most of the people employed in agricultural production in our country must work under dangerous and harsh conditions without being under legal protection, without union formation and union rights, as in other sectors. Protecting the health of agricultural production workers working under very difficult conditions due to variable climatic conditions, ensuring safe production and ensuring that the necessary Occupational Health and Safety measures are taken should be among the priority items when forming our state’s policies. In this study, the situation in the world and in our country was examined under the title of occupational health and safety in agricultural production. The hazards and risk factors to be encountered in agricultural production have been determined and the Occupational Health and Safety measures to be taken against them have been tried to be explained.
Analysis of Accessibility to Family Health Centers in Antalya Using GIS
Authors: Soydan Orhun
Published: January 2022

Family health centers in Turkey started to be implemented for the first time in Düzce in 2004 years within the scope of Law No. 5258. While determining the physical conditions of the places where family health centers are built, the first item in the regulation is that the building should be easily accessible. This situation shows the importance of the subject in terms of accessibility. While determining the features of the places where FHCs will be made, environmental characteristics are also taken into consideration. Environmental features are effective in determining the FHCs location in different ways. These impacts are divided into two groups: the physical features that pavements, roads and parks can include, and the social, cultural and institutional features of neighborhoods that include local social ties and collective activities. From this point of view, the importance of the location of family health centers relative to roads and houses is understood. The aim of this study is to examine the accessibility of Family Health Centers in Konyaaltı, Antalya, on a neighborhood basis using Geographic Information Systems. Konyaaltı has 21 Family Health Centers. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that most of the neighborhoods had problems in terms of accessibility, while a very few of them did not experience problems in terms of accessibility. In terms of the total number of buildings, the ratio of buildings that are 500 meters walking distance from any family health center by using highways is 35.56%. With these rates, 3,634 of the 10,2018 buildings remain within the limits of the regulation. Finally; suggestions were made to increase accessibility to these areas.
Samsun İlinde Kurulabilecek Kompost Tesislerinin COCOSO ve WASPAS Yöntemiyle Optimallik Sıralaması
Authors: Dündar Sinan , Bircan Hüdaverdi , Eleroğlu Hasan
Published: January 2022

The compost product, which offers many benefits such as the evaluation of organic wastes, improvement of soil structure, neutralization of toxins and pH balance of the soil, has significant potential for the improvement of our country's lands. Considering the development of animal existence in our country, the production of compost product to be obtained from feces, which is the product of these animal beings, is an issue that needs to be emphasized. The choice of plant location, which must be determined for an investment to be made for the acquisition of this product emerges as a separate problem. For this reason, in this study, the order of optimality among the alternatives for compost plant installation is considered as a multi-criteria decision making problem. For this purpose, the criteria determined for 10 clusters with the potential of 35,829 animals that can produce compost in Samsun were weighted by the SWARA method. The optimal ranking of these 10 compost clusters was carried out using the COCOSO and WASPAS methods, by means of the criteria weights taken into consideration. According to the ranking results obtained from both methods, it was determined that the cluster number 27 was in the first rank, the cluster no 13 was in the second rank, and the cluster no 14 was in the third rank.
Anti-Quorum Sensing Effects of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts on Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Phaseoli
Authors: Belete Tibebu , Bastas Kubilay Kurtulus
Published: January 2022

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) is known as one of the most important seed-borne destructive pathogens on beans worldwide. Nowadays, Xap is considered to acquire resistance to antibiotics and synthetic bactericides which concerns the scientific world for its future management. This has made the use of plant extracts, the best alternative in the control of plant disease pathogens by inhibiting the quorum sensing (QS) mediated virulence factors. This research was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities and the anti-QS effects of the 14 different aromatic and medicinal plants against QS-mediated virulence factors of Xap. The results revealed that Syzgium aromaticum showed the largest inhibition zone diameter and strongest antimicrobial (antibacterial) effect among the 14 plant extracts followed by Thymus vulgaris and Coriandrum sativum. Similarly, the lowest swarming, swimming, and twitching motility values were measured from the Syzgium aromaticum application followed by Coriandrum sativum, Thymus vulgaris, Brassica nigra, Lepidium sativum, and Ruta chalepenis. These results indicated that S. aromaticum, C. sativum, T. vulgaris, B. nigra, L. sativum, and R. chalepenis will be a potential candidates as anti-quorum sensing agents in preventing common bacterial disease of beans caused by Xap. Compounds derived from aromatic and medicinal plants have demonstrated successful control of diseases in crops and the use of these substances provides a valuable tool to the growers around the world for diseases management in organic production.
Soya Bitkisinin Gelişiminde Gübre, Kompost, Mikoriza ve Bakteri Uygulamalarının Etkileri
Authors: Ataklı Seda Bice , Şahin Sezer , Belgüzar Sabriye
Published: January 2022

One of the most important factors that increase soil fertility is the amount of soil organic matter. One of the ways to increase soil organic matter is the addition of organic fertilizers. Yemsoy soybean cultivar was used in the study, and pot study was carried out in 3 replications according to the randomized blocks experimental design. In the study, three different fertilizer doses (EC 0- 0.5- 1), three different grape pomace compost (0- 20-40 %) were applied to the peat perlite mixture, and mycorrhiza and bacteria inoculation to these environments. At the end of a 60-day growing period, the plants were harvested from the top of the pot, and measurements were made. In the study, there was an increase in the above-ground fresh and dry weights, root fresh, and root dry weights of soybean plants grown with increasing fertilizer rates. The addition of compost to the growing medium, the addition of mycorrhiza, and bacteria caused different results in the investigated properties. The increase in compost and plant nutrition doses was effective in increasing plant growth.
Effect of Christmas Melon (Laganaria Breviflorus) extract on toxigenic Mycoflora Isolated from Stored Unpolished Rice sold in major Markets in Abeokuta, Nigeria
Authors: Badmos Amina , Mahmood Yetunde
Published: January 2022

Study on toxigenic mycoflora and potential mitigation effect of Christmas Melon (Laganaria Breviflorus) extract in unpolished rice sold in Abeokuta Ogun state of Nigeria was carried out. Unpolished rice gotten from markets in Abeokuta were aseptically transported to the laboratory, serial dilution to reduce the fungal load was carried out and were plated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Methyl Red Dessicated Coconut Agar (MRDCA) respectively. Microscopy, macroscopy, toxigenicity test and inhibition studies with the peeled and unpeeled fruit of Laganaria breviflorus fermented for seven days was carried out. Results reveal the predominance of Aspergillus as the major genera, specifically, A. niger, A.flavus, A. parasiticus, A. fumigatus, A. terreus, A. nidulans. Other fungi genera isolated include Penicillium, F`usarium, Mucor, Alternaria and Rhizopus . Of the 11 fungi genera isolated, 9 were toxigenic of which the zones of inhibition of unpeeled whole fruit extract of Laganaria breviflorus range from (3 - 28mm) where A. nidulans shows the highest susceptibility to the whole fruit extract of Laganaria breviflorus while the zone of inhibition of peeled fruit extract of Laganaria breviflorus ranges from (3 - 22mm) where A. parasiticus, Fusarium specie and P.chrysogenum showed the highest susceptibility . As the day progresses the zone of inhibition becomes wider. Unpeeled LB extract exhibited more zones of inhibition than the peeled LB extract. Laganaria breviflorus fruit extracts in the study demonstrates a potential in reducing toxigenic fungi, consequently a means to reducing mycotoxins in staple foods in Nigeria.
Predictive factors of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy failure in children with respiratory distress treated in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Aydın Orkun , Aydın Elif Arslanoğlu , Birbilen Ahmet Ziya , Tekşam Özlem
Published: January 2022

Background. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is widely used as a feasible and tolerable respiratory support method. However, patients should be closely monitored, especially when used with moderate-severe respiratory distress indications. Because these patients can easily develop respiratory failure and escalated care may be required. The aim of this study is to determine the predictive factors in patients treated with HFNC who received escalated respiratory support for HFNC failure.
Methods. A retrospective study of patients admitted with respiratory distress and treated with HFNC therapy between January 2014 and December 2018 was carried out. The variables evaluated were age, gender, vital signs before and two hours post HFNC therapy, underlying disease, use of steroid, salbutamol and antibiotic therapy, blood gase analysis and lactate values, hospitalization in pediatric intensive care unit, respiratory viral panel and need for escalation of respiratory support. HFNC failure was identified requiring noninvasive or invasive respiratory support despite HFNC therapy.
Results. 243 patients receiving HFNC therapy were included in this study. The median age was 11 months [interquartile range(IQR) 5-27]. The diagnosis of 183 patients (75.3%) were acute bronchiolitis and 60 patients (24.7%) were pneumonia. Of 243 patients, 29 (%11.9) received escalated care. 22 invasive and 7 non-invasive respiratory supports were provided. The lower pH on admission was found in the non-responder group. Moreover, heart rate and respiratory rate did not decrease two hours after HFNC therapy.
Conclusions. The careful monitoring of patients receiving HFNC therapy is critical. Because these patients are at risk for needing escalated care. We found that low pH values on admission and high pulse rate and respiratory rate observed at the second hour of follow-up period could be predictive factors for HFNC failure.
A case of pediatric psoriasis achieving remission after allogenic bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Güler Dilara , Gürel Gülhan , Yalçın Gülsüm Şeyma , Eker İbrahim , Durusu İrem Nur , Özdemir Çiğdem , Vural Özge
Published: January 2022

Background. Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease in which the cells and molecules of innate and adaptive immunity are involved in the pathogenesis. Aplastic anemia is a bone marrow deficiency syndrome that is characterized by an extreme reduction in the number of blood cells as a result of failure in hematopoiesis. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a promising treatment for Aplastic Anemia and it is important to note that other comorbid diseases like psoriasis- since both have some common pathogenetic mechanisims- might achieve remission after treatment.
Case. We present a 12-years-old male patient who underwent bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia and his psoriasis vulgaris lesions completely regressed. The final follow-up visit on day 150 also revealed no sign of the pre-transplantation skin and scalp lesions.
Conclusions. This is the first case of pediatric psoriasis together with aplastic anemia that achieved complete remission of psoriasis after bone marrow transplantation. Our case report needs to be supported by prospective studies involving larger patient populations.
A Reliable Iterative Transform Method for Solving an Epidemic Model
Authors: Huisen Reem Waleed , Abd Almjeed Sinan H. , Mohammed Areej Salah
Published: January 2022

The main purpose of the work is to apply a new method, so-called LTAM, which couples the Tamimi and Ansari iterative method (TAM) with the Laplace transform (LT). This method involves solving a problem of non-fatal disease spread in a society that is assumed to have a fixed size during the epidemic period. We apply the method to give an approximate analytic solution to the nonlinear system of the intended model. Moreover, the absolute error resulting from the numerical solutions and the ten iterations of LTAM approximations of the epidemic model, along with the maximum error remainder, were calculated by using MATHEMATICA® 11.3 program to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.
The Classical Continuous Mixed Optimal Control of Couple Nonlinear Parabolic Partial Differential Equations with State Constraints
Authors: Al-Hawasy Jamil A Ali , Kadhem Ghufran M , Naeif Ahmed Abdul Hasan
Published: January 2022

In this work, the classical continuous mixed optimal control vector (CCMOPCV) problem of couple nonlinear partial differential equations of parabolic (CNLPPDEs) type with state constraints (STCO) is studied. The existence and uniqueness theorem (EXUNTh) of the state vector solution (SVES) of the CNLPPDEs for a given CCMCV is demonstrated via the method of Galerkin (MGA). The EXUNTh of the CCMOPCV ruled with the CNLPPDEs is proved. The Frechet derivative (FÉDE) is obtained. Finally, both the necessary and the sufficient theorem conditions for optimality (NOPC and SOPC) of the CCMOPCV with state constraints (STCOs) are proved through using the Kuhn-Tucker-Lagrange (KUTULA) multipliers theorem (KUTULATH).
ISLAMIC BANK SUSTAINABILITY IN INDONESIA: VALUE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCES BASED ON SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND GREEN FINANCE
Authors: Malini Helma
Published: January 2022

This paper investigates the sustainability perspective of Islamic banks' financial decisions, performance, and corporate value where Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and green finance are moderation variables. The analysis method used multivariate statistical methods, structural equation modelling with the WarpPLS software program and testing panel data regression models using the E-Views software program. The datasets used involves 34 Islamic banks in Indonesia. This study found a significant relationship between CSR and green finance implementation to financial decisions, financial performance, and corporate value of Islamic banks in Indonesia. However, the relationship is heterogeneous or dissimilar across different quantiles. This means that CSR and green finance implementation only achieve short-term profit, not long-term sustainability. The study also reveals that corporate social responsibility contributes the most to Islamic banks' investment decisions and market value. Thus, policies focusing on integrated CSR in Islamic banking are required to improve sustainability opportunities.
The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) Supervisory Board's Role as a Grantor of Permits in Corruption Crimes
Authors: Tamara Ragil Jaya , Siswanto Heni , Andrisman Tri , Riski Budi
Published: January 2022

The existence of the Corruption Eradication Commission or Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK)’s Supervisory Board to oversee KPK's work is the result of the KPK Law Number 19 of 2019. This new legislation mandates the KPK Supervisory Board to perform four primary duties. One of the duties of the Board's authority, permitting or not permitting KPK to conduct wiretapping, search, and/or seizure corruption crimes, sparked public outrage due to the fear of attempts to weaken KPK. This research is served for determining whether the role of the KPK Supervisory Board as a licensee for wiretapping, search, and seizure of criminal acts of corruption is functional and will run effectively and efficiently in tackling the eradication of corruption. The research method used is qualitative research with descriptive presentation and a normative juridical approach. According to the findings, the pro-justice authority delegated by law to the KPK Supervisory Board, namely granting permits for wiretapping, search, and confiscation of criminal acts of corruption, has proven to be effective and efficient in combating corruption. It is concluded because, in principle, it is assumed that balancing all the powers of state institutions through supervision is a natural thing to do.
Ajaran Tri Parartha dalam Kakawin Aji Palayon
Authors: Wiraputra Anak Agung Gede
Published: January 2022

Literary work is a life guide of the Balinese Hindu community that still exists until today. One type of traditional Balinese literary work that is rich in moral teachings, especially related to Tri Parartha is kakawin Aji Palayon. This paper seeks to uncover the teachings of Tri Parartha contained in Aji Palayon's kakawin literary work with a set of semiotic and religious theories supported by content analysis and descriptive analysis methods. The results of the analysis show that Kakawin Aji Palayon is a traditional Balinese literary work in the form of a song that tells about the journey of the atman since leaving the rough body until it reaches shunya laya (a place of eternal peace). On the journey the atman is also filled with the teachings of Tri Parartha, namely asih (compassion), punia (sacrifice / sincere gift), and bhakti (truth devotion) which is dominantly found in chapter 1, 3, and 6. With high wisdom and understand the teachings of Tri Parartha well, then the atman can pass through various kinds of obstacles and temptations, so that finally he reaches shunya laya (place of eternal peace).
“Mantra Abu” dalam Teks Bhūwana Kosha
Authors: Putra I Gde Agus Darma
Published: January 2022

Bhasma Mantra was delivered by Bhatara to Bhatari. This narrative seems very different from the early part of the text of Bhūwana Kosha. Bhasma Mantra is chapter VII of the XI chapter contained in Bhūwana Kosha. Chapter VII consists of 30 slokas. Bhasma Mantra is one part of the text of Bhūwana Kosha which explains the subject of bhasma [ashes]. The intended ash is Ongkara as a result of burning Brahma mantra into the Fire of Dampati. The Dampati fire is composed of two pairs namely the Ongkara [Purusha] and Ukara [Pradhana]. Bhasma Mantra itself is the body of Shiva. This teaching was delivered by Shiva to Uma. The practice can be found in worship rituals performed by Pandhita or sadhaka. The notion of bhasma does not only stop at ashes. Bhasma in the next stage is divided into two senses, namely sakala bhasma and niskala bhasma. Bhasma Sakala is the body, while bhasma niskala is jñāna.
Mantra Pengasihan Tungtung Tangis Perspektif Bentuk Fungsi dan Makna
Authors: Brahmandika Pande Gede
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the form, function and meaning of the pangasihan tungtung tangis mantra. This research uses functional structural theory and meaning theory. The method used is a qualitative method. The instruments used in this study were interviews, observations, in-depth literature study of the informants. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study are: first, the tungtung tangis mantra as a subtle form of pangasihan is used to attract one's opponent to sympathy. In its development, the tungtung tangis mantra can be used as a chuckle or buntilan or gegemet (provision) to obtain someone's desire to be fulfilled. Second, the form of shading the target so that it is precisely the sasran to the recipient of the pangasihan tungtung tangis mantra.  
Optimalisasi Peran Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia sebagai Wahana Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA)
Authors: Setiawan Budhi
Published: January 2022

The effectuation of ASEAN Economic Community as of 2015 has demanded education institution to prepare qualified graduates equipped with various competencies according to their own fields of professionalism and expertise. In the ASEAN Economic Community era, each nation is predicted to tightly compete as to be a qualitatively and quantitatively prominent nation in its products either in the economic sector, in the cultural sector, or in the scientific and technological sector. It is necessary to be aware that the excellence or superiority of a nation is measured not only on the natural resources owned but also on the excellence of its human resources, in this case, namely: graduates of education institutions who are capable of encountering and dealing with all the future challenges promptly amid the very tight competition. To produce graduates with such profiles, at least a certain model of education is required, namely: the education model which is effectively able produce graduates bearing the expected characteristics. Similarly, the Indonesian language education shall be able to prepare learners with quality and excellence in the ASEAN Economic Community era. The learners (graduates) who are well-prepared to encounter ASEAN Economic Community shall bear the following: (1) in-depth mastery of science and technology (content); (2) good communication ability between the people; (3) high cognition or reliable intelligence; and (4) the characterization of national culture. 
Nilai- Nilai yang Terkandung dalam Satua Cetrung
Authors: Tresnawati Ni Made Ari
Published: January 2022

Balinese literature is historical evidence of Balinese society, which is one part of the national culture which is domiciled as a vehicle for cultural expression which contains aesthetic, religious, and socio-political processing of Balinese society. Satua Bali is one of the traditional Balinese literatures called oral literature. Satua is also a means of moral and character education in children that must be instilled from an early age to shape children's character. By providing indirect guidance through satua (fairy tales), the character, mentality, attitude, and behavior of the child will definitely be affected as well. This is because the aspect of the value of the unit is indeed very high, useful, and useful. Satua Cetrung is a literary work that contains noble values and can be used as a guide in life. The values contained include:  religious, logical values , and ethical values.
Pendidikan Seks dalam Lontar Smara Krida Laksana
Authors: Putri Ni Putu Oka Anggi Carissa
Published: January 2022

In the lontar contains a lot of education as contained in the Smara Krida Laksana lontar, the Smara Krida Laksana lontar contains knowledge about sexual intercourse etiquette, drugs, ingredients, and spells used as sexual treatment. Sex is not only known to married people but sex can also be known by teenagers as knowledge when married. So that in modern times like today teenagers are not exposed to free sex. As explained above, the contents of this lontar can be said to be unique because it talks about the treatment of sexuality. So that the research is said to be valid, the method of collecting data is used. The type of data used is qualitative data because the data obtained is in the form of sentences, not numbers. The methods used to collect data are literature, documents, and interviews. In the data analysis, data reduction, data presentation, data conclusions were used. The results of this study were in the manners and sex treatment system, it was found that the manners of sexual intercourse were good for married people and the drugs, ingredients, and spells used as treatment. The second problem formulation discusses sex education, religious education and ethics education are obtained, and the last problem formulation deals with the behavior of teenagers' sexual relations today and the relationship between Smara Krida Laksana's lontar with married people, especially teenagers today.

 
Kajian Nilai Pendidikan dalam Kakawin Ramayana Sargah I:4
Authors: Purniari Ni Putu
Published: January 2022

The form of Balinese literature is basically a pattern of transformation of Balinese literature. Balinese literature is a collection of fictional works in Balinese and Old Javanese (Kawi). Of course, these fictional works contain imaginative elements (kakawian) created by the creativity of Balinese and Old Javanese authors (poets). Balinese literature has various types and can then be classified into kakawin, parwa (kanda), kidung, babad, geguritan, peparik, wewangsalan, satua, short stories, novels, and modern Balinese poetry. In terms of storyline, Kekawin Ramayana also has differences with Ramayana Walmiki. At the end of the story, when Rama and Sita return to Ayodya, they separate again, so Rama and Sita do not live together, according to Walmiki's version. In the Javanese version, Rama and Sita live together in Ayodya.
Kosakata Pinjaman dalam Pemakaian Bahasa Bali pada Mingguan Bali Orti di Koran Bali Post Edisi Januari-Juni Tahun 2018
Authors: Dewi Ni Kadek Heni Sulyantari
Published: January 2022

Use of loan vocabulary from other language especially, English in Balinese language become important to be studied at this time. Some of the English loan vocabulary actually equivqlences in Balinese language. The use of loan vocabulary certainly has an impact in the attitude of Balinese speaker. In this research the researcher reviewing: 1) kinds of English the loan vocabulary in Balinese language; 2) The factor causing loan vocabulary; 3) the attitude of Balinese speaker towards the loan vocabulary. Relating to the kinds the loan vocabulary are classified into two: 1) based on the levelof frequency and extent of usage they are devided into two kinds, that is speech loans for example: now, discontinue, net control, and example language loan: outbond, modern; 2) based of factor causing loan devided into two are loands need example: now, spiritual, discontinue, instrument. Furthermore, the factor that cause the occurrence of English loan vocabulary are caused by three factors, such as: 1) the borrower does not find an equvqlent word in the Balinese language; 2) expressive power of lost word; 3) difference in certain social values in the language involved. Then relating to the attitude of the language of Balinese speakers declarethem selves to be positive toward Balinese language, but the people also received the entry of loan vocabulary from English in the use of Balinese language.
MATERUNA NYOMAN INFORMAL EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING TERUNA CHARACTER IN TENGANAN PEGRINGSINGAN, KARANGASEM
Authors: Juliawan I Nengah
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Education is an effort to produce quality of human resources. Formal and informal education are away of cultural inheritance to the younger generations therefore their cultural traditions can survive and develop in the midst of Indonesian society. One of the traditions that live in Bali with traditional education system is the Materuna Nyoman tradition. The Materuna Nyoman tradition is a series of ceremonies that has the aim of changing the status of teenage stage to adults stage according to custom. During the procession of a series of ceremonies is rich of meaningful education that form the character of adolescents into personal and responsible characters. Materuna Nyoman tradition needs to be educated to young leaners in Tenganan Pegringsingan to determine changes in the character of adolescents in Materuna Nyoman's education. This study was a qualitative research with an ethnographic research approach. Data was collected using the observation method, interview method, literature method. Collected data was analyzed using the interpretive descriptive analysis method. The analysis was carried out during and after data collection. With the activity steps to reduce data, present data, and carry out verification to make conclusions. The results showed that: (1) the process of the Nyoman Materuna series, namely Maajak-ajakan, Melali, Basen Pamit, Padewaraan or kagedong, Matamiang, Malegar, Ngintarang Katekung, Namiu Katamiu, Ngejot Gede, Ngetog, Katinggah. The characters formed in the participants of Materuna Nyoman are responsible for themselves and the village environment.

Keywords: Materuna Nyoman Tradition, Education, Character.