bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancing sustainability: A comprehensive review of green technology innovations and their environmental impact
Authors: Islam K. M. Anwarul , Amin Mohammad Bin , Bari Md. Fakhrudoza , Hossain Md. Solaiman , Anonthi Fariah , Mostafa Rehnuma , Erdey László
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive review examines recent innovations in green technology and their impact on environmental sustainability. The study analyzes advancements in renewable energy, sustainable transportation, waste management, and green building practices. To accomplish the specific objectives of the current study, the exploration was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines in major academic databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect. Through a systematic literature review with a research influence mapping technique, we identified key trends, challenges, and future directions in green technology. Our aggregate findings suggest that while significant progress has been made in reducing environmental impact, barriers such as high initial costs and technological limitations persist. Hence, for the well-being of societal communities, green technology innovations and practices should be adopted more widely. By investing in sustainable practices, communities can reduce environmental degradation, improve public health, and create resilient infrastructures that support both ecological and economic stability. Green technologies, such as renewable energy sources, eco-friendly construction, efficient waste management systems, and sustainable agriculture, not only mitigate pollution but also lower greenhouse gas emissions, thereby combating climate change. Finally, the paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers and industry leaders to foster the widespread adoption of green technologies.
The diagnostic process for infectious disease diagnosis in animals
Authors: Burrough Eric R. , Derscheid Rachel J. , Mainenti Marta , Piñeyro Pablo , Baum David H.
Published: December 2024

Veterinary diagnostic laboratories provide a vast catalog of tests for infectious agents and often have multiple tests and testing modalities for individual pathogens. Understanding which test to select, which sample type is best, and which animal to sample in a population are critical factors for drawing appropriate conclusions and diagnosing a disease. Each diagnostic test has its inherent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and, in many situations, multiple tests may be required for proper interpretation. When multiple tests are needed in a large population (eg, animal shelters, farmed animals, and breeding colonies), the cost of diagnostic testing becomes an increasing concern, and knowing when and how to use aggregate or composite samples is critical. A clinical examination is the first and arguably most important diagnostic procedure providing the framework for laboratory test selection. This yields not only a differential diagnosis but an expected stage of disease, which is necessary for determining the most appropriate laboratory tests and how they should be interpreted. This review will discuss the diagnostic process, strengths and limitations of commonly requested tests at a diagnostic laboratory (eg, histopathology, microbial culture, PCR, and ELISA), common sources of error in interpretation, the impact of pooling samples on different tests, and ways to help strengthen conclusions made from diagnostic test data.
Urea Concentration in the Milk of Alpine Goats
Authors: Čobanović Ksenija , Krstović Saša , Pihler Ivan , Kučević Denis , Papović Tamara , Todić Anđela , Jurakić Željka , Zarubica Baćo
Published: December 2024

Nutrition is considered the primary paragenetic factor influencing the milk urea (MU) concentration in ruminants. In addition to diet, various other factors (including season, milk yield, stage of lactation, etc.) have also been shown to affect the urea concentration in ruminant milk. While the physiological concentration of MU has been well-defined for cow's milk, with an optimal range of 15 to 30 mg/dl, such parameters have yet to be established for goat's milk. The objective of this study was to determine the urea concentration in the milk of Alpine goats and to assess its correlation with the daily milk yield and the contents of fat, protein, lactose, and solids-not-fat (SNF). A total of 3,009 samples of Alpine goat milk, collected from two farms in 2021, were analyzed. The average MU concentration was 37.3 ± 8.9 mg/dl, with a range from 13.8 to 110.7 mg/dl. The average daily milk yield was 1.15 ± 0.49 kg, whereas the average milk fat and protein contents were 3.28 ± 0.97% and 3.35 ± 0.50%, respectively. The study found a positive and statistically significant correlation between the MU concentration and the contents of milk fat, protein, and SNF. Conversely, an increase in the MU concentration was negatively correlated with the daily milk yield. Monitoring the MU concentration in dairy goat herds enables the optimization of feed rations, particularly their protein and energy contents, thus improving nitrogen utilization in milk production.
Assessing the Impact of UAV Flight Altitudes on the Accuracy of Multispectral Indices
Authors: Stamenković Zoran , Kešelj Krstan , Kostić Marko , Aćin Vladimir , Tekić Dragana , Ivanišević Mladen , Novaković Tihomir
Published: December 2024

Precision agriculture has increasingly incorporated the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral cameras. This study examined the influence of different UAV flight altitudes on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI), Normalized Difference Red Edge (NDRE), Optimized Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), and Leaf Chlorophyll Index (LCI), indices critical to crop monitoring and health assessment. The experiment was conducted on a 2-hectare winter wheat field at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia. The field was divided into 400 plots, each containing different wheat varieties subjected to twenty distinct combinations of artificial mineral fertilizer (NPK) treatments. A DJI P4 Multispectral drone was employed to capture images at altitudes of 30, 60, and 90 meters on three separate dates, corresponding to different plant growth stages: May 9, May 20, and June 6, 2022. All other operating parameters were held constant. The data were processed using the DJI Terra and Pix4D software to generate orthomosaic maps, which were subsequently analyzed using ArcGIS (v10.5, ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA) to calculate the multispectral index values for each plot. The results were statistically analyzed using the STATISTICA Tibco software. The analysis revealed significant differences in the index values based on the UAV flight altitude (p < 0.05). This research underscores the centrality of selecting the optimal UAV flight altitude to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data. While higher altitudes enable UAVs to cover larger areas in a single flight, factors such as image resolution, wind conditions, and the precision of crop health indicators must be considered. These findings offer valuable insights for agricultural professionals seeking to improve crop monitoring and ultimately enhance agricultural productivity through more effective UAV deployment.
Gender Inequality and Women Participation in Political Activities and Peace Processes in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Badom Porbari Monbari , Ndeeue Kuapie
Published: December 2024

Gender inequality is endemic in Rivers State, and women are treated as Cinderella in peace processes, decision making and active political participation, and have thus been shackled in diverse ways, but behind the pretext of being otherwise engaged with culturally attributed motherly roles. Gender discrimination had thus lingered with solipsistic men who occupy positions of authority in the majority, and inured the women to the condition, apropos of gender inequality, as the elephant in the living room. This was however unsubstantiated, hence the study is a cutting edge of intellectual response which studied gender inequality and women participation in political activities and peace processes in Rivers State. The study is a cross sectional survey which triangulated data collection. Sample size was 400, determined by Taro Yamane statistics from the population size. Random and simple random sampling methods were adopted in the selection of the communities and respondents. The quantitative data were analyzed with ordinal level statistics and chi-square adopted in testing the hypotheses. The qualitative data were content analyzed. The study found that gender inequality hinders women from becoming members of conflict resolution committees, hinders the appointment of women at community decision making levels, and also hinders women from participating in active politics in Rivers State. Thereafter, policy recommendations were made.
The use of concept mapping in data analysis: a phenomenology study of family members’ experiences in taking care of people with cancer†
Authors: Andriani Merry , Ligita Titan
Published: December 2024

Objective

To explain the use of concept mapping in a study about family members’ experiences in taking care of people with cancer.

Methods

This study used a phenomenological study design. In this study, we describe the analytical process of using concept mapping in our phenomenological studies about family members’ experiences in taking care of people with cancer.

Results

We developed several concept maps that aided us in analyzing our collected data from the interviews.

Conclusions

The use of concept mapping is suggested to researchers who intend to analyze their data in any qualitative studies, including those using a phenomenological design, because it is a time-efficient way of dealing with large amounts of qualitative data during the analytical process.
Mediating role of fear of progression between sensory processing sensitivity and stigma in lung cancer patients: a cross-sectional study†
Authors: Shen Nan , Yang Jiao , Yang Qian-Rong , Wu Ruo-Jia , Yang Jing , Dong Kai-Wen , Zhao Yan-Qiu , Yang Xiu-Mei
Published: December 2024

Objective

To explore the association of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) and stigma as well as the mediating role of fear of progression (FoP) in lung cancer patients.

Methods

Two hundred and forty-two lung cancer patients completed a self-reported questionnaire, which included the highly sensitive person scale (HSPS), fear of progression questionnaire-short form (FoP-Q-SF), and the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS).

Results

CLCSS was positively correlated with FoP (Pearson correlation = 0.217, P < 0.01) and HSPS (Pearson correlation = 0.187, P < 0.01), FoP was positively correlated with HSPS (Pearson correlation = 0.199, P < 0.01). FoP played a mediating role between SPS and stigma (a × b = 0.025, 95% confidence intervals [CI] [0.004, 0.054]), and the proportion of mediating effect (ab/c) was 21% (ab = 0.025, c = 0.120).

Conclusions

Patients with higher SPS reported higher level of stigma, and FoP has a mediating role between SPS and stigma. Our discussion deemed that psychological intervention may help higher SPS patients reduce the harm of FoP and further reduce stigma.
Caregivers’ awareness regarding the care of dementia and the coping strategies among the caregivers of people with dementia: a cross-sectional study in Udupi District, Karnataka
Authors: Martis Clarita Shynal , Chandrababu Ramesh , R Vani Lakshmi , Bhandary Rajeshkrishna Panambur , Tolson Debbie , Bhandary Panambur Venkataraya , Devi Elsa Sanatombi
Published: December 2024

Objectives

To assess the awareness and coping skills of the informal and formal caregivers of people living with dementia (PLWD). Dementia is a condition, which leads to memory loss and gradual deterioration of cognitive abilities in the affected person. The lack of awareness regarding the care of people with dementia and the caregivers’ poor coping strategies can negatively impact caregivers’ experiences.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the 80 caregivers of PLWD from the psychiatric units of the selected hospitals of Udupi district, Karnataka, India. The baseline data were collected by a self-reported sociodemographic questionnaire. The “Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale” was used to gauge participants’ awareness of the care of people with dementia, while the “Brief COPE inventory,” a 28-item questionnaire, was used to gauge carers’ coping mechanisms. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis using Jamovi (2.3.24), a graphical user interface for R programming, and Microsoft Excel.

Results

Most of the caregivers (n = 68, 85%) had lesser awareness regarding the care of people with dementia. The mean coping strategies score was 60.9 ± 7.71. There was a positive correlation between the awareness and the coping strategies scores among the caregivers (r = 0.659, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The caregivers of people with dementia often lack awareness about dementia and hence experience poor coping due to their high workload and stress. The frontline healthcare professionals and nurses need to provide appropriate interventions to the caregivers to improve their awareness about dementia and its care.
A qualitative study to explain the criteria of nursing managers in selecting effective nursing diagnosis
Authors: Kadhim Alaa Jawad , Abbasinia Mohammad , Abolfazli Mina , Hezbiyan Zahra , Dahmardeh Hanie , Aghaie Bahman , Norouzadeh Reza
Published: December 2024

Objective

This study aimed to explain the criteria of managers at different levels of nursing in selecting effective nursing diagnosis.

Methods

In conventional content analysis, 10 nursing managers at different levels including head nurse, supervisor, and nursing manager were interviewed. Data was collected with semi-structured interviews and a narrative approach. Data analysis was performed using the Zhang–Wildemuth method simultaneously with sampling.

Results

Four head nurses, four supervisors (educational, clinical), and two nursing managers were interviewed. The results of the analysis led to the extraction of two main categories: centrality of the nursing profession, with the sub-categories compatibility with nursing practices and compliance with organizational and professional principles of nursing, and covering the patient care aspect, with sub-categories of having potential to facilitate and adapting to patient care conditions.

Conclusions

The analysis of the views of nursing managers shows that health managers should consider various management aspects such as functional and organizational to increase the efficiency of nursing interventions in the selection of nursing diagnostic systems. From the point of view of health managers, nursing diagnoses should cover the considerations of patients, nurses, and work environments.
Risk Factors and Resilience Protectors: Study From the Family and Educational Context in a Group of Schoolchildren
Authors: Contrera Blanca Flor Pérez , Theran Kelly Mercedes Diaz
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the risk and protective factors of resilience faced by students in elementary schools in the department of Sucre, Caribbean region of Colombia.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research that supports this study highlights the importance of effective communication in the family environment and the emotional impacts derived from it. In addition, several theories, such as Ann S Masten and Froma Walsh's resilience theory and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development, highlight the relevance of social support systems in fostering resilience.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research is qualitative with a descriptive-interpretative scope and non-experimental design in order to build a comprehensive view of the students' and family members' feelings about what happens in the teaching-learning process. Data collection was carried out through an interview with a sample of 50 students, selected from first to fifth grades through simple random probability sampling; complemented with information provided by parents.
 
Results and Discussion: The results show children that in the midst of adversities develop resilient capacity, abilities to communicate and coexist, to learn significantly under the guidance of the teacher, who in his role as mediator uses replacement strategies in the search to form integral, self-regulated beings capable of transforming realities.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing information on how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of social sciences. These implications could span the areas of emotional well-being, family dynamics, education, and community participation.
 
Originality/value: This study has an innovative approach that explores resilience in students, relating educational and family factors, which allows for a deep understanding of the emotional challenges they face. It is relevant because it provides professionals such as teachers, psychologists and social workers with tools to improve the well-being and resilience of young people, allowing a more informed approach to the prevention of emotional problems and the creation of support networks.
Public Space, Resilience, and Compactness in la Samaria Partial Plan. Ibagué, Colombia
Authors: Cardoso Estefany Sánchez , Francel-Delgado Andrés Ernesto , Bonilla-Marín Yesid Aurelio
Published: December 2024

Objective: To recognize the public space indices in the La Samaria Partial Plan, the largest in Ibagué, Colombia, and compare them with urban compactness indices to determine if they meet the projections outlined during its formulation, and to propose solutions for a sustainable urban future.
 
Theoretical Framework: This study addresses the heuristic of the adaptive cycle and the resilience of complex natural systems adapting to urban environments, known as the concept of Social-Ecological Resilience, as well as participatory construction as a sustainable planning strategy.
 
Method: A documentary analysis focused on sustainable development regulations with international references was conducted, along with interviews and surveys to identify needs and expectations, which were then contrasted through a correlation of results.
 
Results and Discussion: According to the adjustment of the Clark-Evans index, the distribution of the ecological structure is random, indicating that urban land use is suboptimal, as it is not the product of orderly city planning. It repeats the traditional errors of urban development, which do not facilitate mixed uses to reduce travel distances and decentralize the city.
 
Research Implications: Establishing evaluation criteria for developing urban areas allows for mechanisms to bridge the gap between regulatory and conceptual requirements and material reality. This way, urban developments can be adjusted before it is too late.
 
Originality/Value: Urban development analysis is usually conducted after consolidation, so this study provides criteria to measure the accuracy of partial plans under construction, helping to identify possibilities for oversight, adjustment, and control that benefit the sustainable future of cities.
Improving Metadata Quality in Social Network Classification Systems
Authors: Santos Bruno Zolotareff dos , Reginaldo Leandro , Silva Paulo Rogério da , Vales Sandra dos Santos , Morselli Nizi Voltarelli , Almeida Júnior Jorge Rady
Published: December 2024

Objective: To apply quality methodology to metadata used in web object indexing systems that use the practice of tagging posts on social networks.
 
Theoretical Framework: This topic presents the main concepts and theories that underpin the research, such as the quality control method and the evolution of its model.
 
Method: The research was developed in three stages, consisting of field research, requirements gathering, and application of the QFD quality model.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained demonstrated that it is feasible to implement metadata control. When applied to QFD (Quality Function Deployment), these results provide a solid basis for making informed decisions about the selection of more effective metadata.
 
Research Implications: The research requires the application of folksonomy as a subsystem as a requirement, being a possible model for use in metadata filtering.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the use of metadata with better quality for systems that use folksonomy, especially in metadata classification, where a quality control system is lacking.
Cultivation of Family Medicinal Plants (Toga) in the Campus Teaching Program Batch V at SDN Sitanggal 04 Brebes
Authors: Hayati Muriani Nur , Atika Nur , Sabilla Afida Nurul , Widiyanto Bayu
Published: December 2024

SDN Sitanggal 04 is one of the schools in Sitanggal Village, which is located very strategically because it is directly opposite the provincial road which is used by many public transportations. The school is also not too far from a large and busy traditional market and close to places for shopping and family recreation, so the health condition of the school's environment is very vulnerable. Therefore, the attitude of caring for the environment must be applied from an early age. One of them is through the cultivation of family medicinal plants (TOGA) in the school environment. The purpose of this service is to foster an attitude of caring for the environment in students, create a healthy school environment, provide insight and skills to students about family medicinal plants (TOGA) and how to grow them. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR). The results of this service show that the attitude of caring for the environment, the insights and skills of students at SDN Sitanggal 04 are increasing regarding family medicinal plants (TOGA) and their planting.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ РОЗУМІННЯ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ
Authors: ПАВЛОВ Валерій
Published: December 2024

Анотація. Метою статті є окреслення і розгляд кола знань, які мають методологічне значення для розуміння штучного інтелекту; дослідження його природи, можливостей і меж електронно-обчислювальних машин в оперуванні інформацією; аналіз проблем, пов’язаних з присутністю штучного інтелекту в бутті людей і соціуму. Методологічні засади дослідження. Автор виходить з того, що зрозуміти суть і специфіку штучного інтелекту неможливо не звернувшись до аналізу базових характеристик і проявів свідомості, яка виступає онтологічною основою його продукування. Свідомість є надто складним утворенням. Вона «розвертає», реалізує себе у мисленні, в структурі якого виділяють розсудок і розум. Одним із проявів останнього виступає інтелект. Штучний інтелект – продукт мислення. Будучи частково схожим на людський інтелект, він суттєво від нього відрізняється. Наукова новизна. Акцентується увага на ролі методології в адекватному осмисленні штучного інтелекту. Розкриваються методологічні засади цього процесу шляхом аналізу змісту понять «свідомість», «мислення», «розсудок», «розум», «інтелект». Показана специфіка т. з. машинного мислення і особливості оперування електронно-обчислювальними машинами інформацією. Підкреслюється якісна відмінність інформації від знання. Виділені основні характеристики інтелекту. Проаргументована позиція щодо сильних і слабких сторін штучного інтелекту. Висновки. Штучний інтелект – утворення, що має непросту суб’єкт-об’єктну природу. Він став невід’ємною складовою буття суспільства і у перспективі все більше впливатиме на різні сфери його функціонування. Використання можливостей цього утворення (на користь соціуму чи на шкоду йому) залежить передусім від людського чинника. У цьому контексті на перший план виходить правова і моральна культура людей.
Investigation of the Antioxidant Potential of Kombucha Prepared Using Salvia officinalis L.
Authors: Düşgün Cihan
Published: December 2024

Kombucha is a slightly acidic sugary drink made by fermenting sweetened tea. It is known for its numerous health advantages. The objective of this study is to explore the possible effects of Salvia officinalis on enhancing the biochemical characteristics of kombucha. The present investigation compared traditional kombucha, produced using green and black tea, with kombucha derived from S. officinalis, examining their antioxidant properties, total phenolic, and total flavonoid content. The fermentation process lasted for a duration of 14 days. The present study was performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of fermented S. officinalis. The antioxidant potential was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and copper (II) reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) techniques. The DPPH radical reduction percentages were determined to be 93.5±1.65% for kombucha of green tea, 90.6±1.51% for kombucha of black tea, and 88.5±1.68% for kombucha of S. officinalis. According to the CUPRAC results, green tea kombucha was found to have 321.58±2.12 mg TE/g, black tea kombucha 305.91±1.98 mg TE/g and S. officinalis kombucha 301.97±1.78 mg TE/g. Total phenolic content was 154.15±1.22 mg GAE/g for kombucha of green tea, 145.41±1.31 mg GAE/g for kombucha of black tea, and 124.52±1.25 mg GAE/g for kombucha of S. officinalis. The determined value for the total flavonoid content was 101.12±0.98 mg QE/g for kombucha of green tea, 99.41±0.97 mg QE/g for kombucha of black tea, and 92.73±0.78 mg QE/g for kombucha of S. officinalis. The findings indicate that S. officinalis can serve as a substitute medium for kombucha fermentation, resulting in the development of a novel kind of kombucha with similar chemical characteristics.
Gender Disparity and Housing Development: Examining Socioeconomic Barriers and Policy Solutions in Nigeria
Authors: Makinde Olusola Oladapo , Makinde Olubukunmi Temitope
Published: December 2024

Gender disparity (GD) significantly impacts housing development, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where socioeconomic and cultural barriers constrain equitable housing access. This study investigates the features and effects of GD on housing development in Iwo Central Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. Using a mixed-method approach, data were collected from 328 respondents through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including indices and ANOVA. Key findings highlight societal mindsets as the most influential feature of GD, followed by lack of bodily autonomy and employment equality, with respective relative significance indices (RSIs) of 4.23, 4.06, and 4.00. Denied access to housing and homelessness emerged as the most critical effects of GD, with effects indices (EGDIs) of 4.36 and 4.31. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between GD characteristics and housing development (F = 99.964, p = 0.04), emphasizing the pervasive impact of GD on housing equity. The study concludes that GD restricts women's access to adequate housing, perpetuating socioeconomic inequalities. Recommendations include promoting gender-responsive housing policies, enhancing women's access to affordable housing finance, and integrating gender equity into urban planning and housing design. Addressing GD is crucial for fostering inclusive, equitable, and sustainable housing development in Nigeria.
Insider or outsider, who decides? An auto-ethnographic analysis of the continuum and ethics of insiderness within a professional PhD
Authors: McQuade Laura
Published: December 2024

An insider researcher is closely connected to the research subject so needs to be aware of the possible assumed cultural understandings that would be more apparent to an outsider researcher. However, there are multiple levels of insiderness and participant perceptions are critical to the co-creation of researcher position. Through an auto-ethnographic discussion of a PhD (Professional) research project, it is clear that participants manipulate researcher insiderness to create zones of comfort from which to discuss sensitive issues. A PhD (Professional) looks to carry out research which can be applied to practical problems within the student's work environment. Researching within a workplace where some colleagues do not consent to being a participant but have an influence over the thought processes involved with the research leads to a conclusion that the insider continuum may apply to all researchers. The observations in this article were made in a research journal the researcher kept during data collection during for their PhD (Professional) in Education. This research was focused on the factors affecting teacher well-being. While insider research has been discussed extensively in the literature, it assumes the position of power to be in the hands of the researcher. This article reports on the different levels an insider researcher can assume during a PhD (Professional) research project which is not only depended on the position a researcher supposes but also how the participants perceive the researcher as a co-construction of insider positioning. The manipulations that participants undertake during and after interviews is analysed to show how this co-construction is created. These manipulations are important to both the participant and researcher, and is significant because the power exerted by participants is often ignored in current literature. Ignoring the participants use of power dehumanises them and is an injustice to those we are indebted to for our data.
Analisis Pilihan Diskrit pada Pemilihan Rute Pengguna Jalan Tol Gilimanuk-Mengwi dengan Menggunakan Model Logit Biner
Authors: S.T., S.Si.T., MT. CPFF, IPM I Made Suraharta , Soelistyo Pribadi Ocky , Diah Utami Kadek
Published: December 2024

Pembangunan Jalan Tol Gilimanuk – Mengwi merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah pusat untuk meningkatkan konektivitas antar wilayah yang terintegrasi guna mendukung pembangunan perekonomian serta akses dan mutu pelayanan publik. Setiap pelaku perjalanan akan berusaha menentukan rute terbaik yang efektif dan efisien untuk mencapai tujuannya. Keberadaan Jalan Tol Gilimanuk – Mengwi ini akan menjadi salah satu rute alternatif bagi pelaku perjalanan. Namun, tidak semua pelaku perjalanan akan menggunakan alternatif rute yang sama karena dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor perjalanan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menentukan besarnya probabilitas dan mengidentifikasi faktor pengguna jalan yang bersedia beralih menggunakan jalan tol. Untuk mendukung penelitian ini, maka dilakukan pengumpulan data dengan melakukan survei kepada 100 pelaku perjalanan dengan menggunakan kuisioner discrete choice. Discrete Choice Analysis digunakan untuk memprediksi keputusan yang dibuat indiviu dalam melakukan pemilihan rute, sehingga diketahui faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam penentuan perjalanan dengan menggunakan model logit biner yang di analisis menggunakan bantuan software IBM SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemilihan rute dipengaruhi oleh Maksud Perjalanan (X1), Biaya Perjalanan (X2), Waktu Tempuh (X4) dan Urgensi (X7) dengan probabilitas sebesar 95,4% pada kondisi ke – 31.
Settlement-Time Aspect for Equal-Area Footings with Polygon Shapes Lying on Gypseous Soil
Authors: Imariq Saleem M. , Zakaria Waad A. , Abbas Hassan O.
Published: December 2024

Gypseous soil is one type of collapsible soil. It is well known in Iraq for causing structural distress to many engineering facilities. It is characterized as having high strength properties as being dry, but when wetted with water, it experiences rapid collapse settlement. The present laboratory study evaluates the collapse settlement for several polygons and non-common footing shapes and compares them. In some structural facilities, such problems may arise when using polygon footing shapes due to reasons regarding non-uniform spacing left for footing, restrictions due to property lines or sanitary works. For this purpose, a large laboratory tank model had lateral dimensions of 0.8× 1.0m and a depth of 0.8m. The studied gypseous soil, with 63% gypsum content, was from Tikrit City, about 200km north of Baghdad/ Iraq. It is compacted to a dry unit weight of 14.82kN/m3 in the model. The used shapes of footings were a square, circular, equilateral triangle, rectangular, plane strain, trapezoidal, and isosceles triangle. All footings were (100 cm2) and bear the same applied pressure (40kN/m2). Both dry and then soaking stages for soil were conducted. The experiments were conducted, such as one test for each tank. The test results revealed that the maximum collapse settlement recorded was in the case of the isosceles triangle, i.e., (settlement/equivalent width) ratio Δs/B is 0.24. The least collapse settlement was for the case of square footing with a Δs/B of 0.15. The settlement measured when the soil dried was about 1-1.3 mm for all footing shapes, i.e., Δs/B=0.01-0.013. The collapse settlement stopped after 5-7 days, while the dry condition settlement took less than one hour to level off and end.
Folk healing methods in V. Nurov's novel "The White-Bearded Elder"
Authors: Lidzhiev Mingiyan Alekseevich , Lidzhieva Dzhirgal Mingiyanovna
Published: December 2024

The subject of the study is the tradition of folk healing methods in the novel by Vladimir Dordjievich Nurov "The White-bearded Elder" (Cahan sahlta kogsha). The study analyzes how empirical knowledge about human health and traditional folk healing methods are reflected in the plot, in the characters' images and in the context of historical and cultural significance. The object of the research is V. Nurov's novel "The White-Bearded Elder" as a work of fiction, which explores empirical knowledge, folk traditions related to healing. The various situations in which the main characters of the novel resort to folk healing methods are analyzed, how they apply them, in what circumstances they turn to these practices, as well as how this affects their internal state. The novel examines specific rituals and rituals associated with healing and how these folk methods are intertwined with spiritual practices and cultural traditions of the people. The research methods are cultural-historical, comparative-historical, structural, and narrative. The main conclusions of the study are the provisions that the novel clearly presents magical and empirical knowledge about human health, accumulated and transmitted from generation to generation. Various healing methods are described, such as minerals, healing properties of various animal products, rituals, and magic spells. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in Kalmyk literary studies, namely on the material of V. Nurov's novel "The White-Bearded Elder", interesting information about traditional folk medicine has been studied. The author describes the treatment processes and the interaction of the characters with traditional medicine. This made it possible to identify semantic and cultural aspects that demonstrated the depth of the author's approach. In the novel, V. Nurov reflected various traditional methods of treatment for various diseases, methods of medical practice, knowledge about human health, about folk methods of healing from various ailments. The novel can serve as a valuable source of information about Kalmyk folk traditions and their approaches to treatment. Turning to traditional folk medicine through the prism of literature not only enriches the understanding of the specifics of Kalmyk culture, but also emphasizes the importance of folk knowledge in a universal human context.
Unsteady Swirl Distortion in a Short Intake Under Crosswind Conditions
Authors: Piovesan Tommaso , Zachos Pavlos K. , MacManus David G. , Sheaf Christopher
Published: December 2024

Under crosswind operating conditions, the flow field of an aero-engine intake can be characterized by notable unsteady flow distortion. These distortions are typically associated with flow separation within the intake as well as with the ingestion of the ground vortex. This unsteady flow distortion can have a detrimental effect on the intake performance and potentially on the operability of the downstream compression system. Measurements of the unsteady velocity field within a model-scale intake under crosswind conditions were acquired using stereo particle image velocimetry (S-PIV). This work analyzes the S-PIV data to quantify the unsteady flow distortion, as well as the characteristics of the ingested ground vortex, in a short intake under crosswind conditions. The swirl distortion metrics were calculated for a range of crosswind velocities and intake mass flow capture ratios (MFCRs). The conditions at which the intake flow separates depend on crosswind velocity, ground clearance, the design of the intake, and the MFCR. Flow characteristics of both low MFCR diffusion-driven and high MFCR shock-induced separation were identified. The circumferential extent and intensity of the swirl distortion are strongly dependent on the crosswind velocity and mass flow rate. The swirl distortion caused by the diffusion-driven separation is greater than that due to the shock-induced separation. The diffusion-driven separation affects a larger portion of the intake aerodynamic interface plane with greater time-averaged and peak distortion levels compared to shock-induced separation. The ground vortex characterization at the aerodynamic interface plane showed a decreasing level of unsteadiness in vortex meandering with increasing MFCR.
Dynamics of Limit Cycle Oscillations in a Multinozzle Lean Direct Injection Combustor
Authors: Nanda Yuvi , Saurabh Aditya , Kabiraj Lipika , Villalva Gomez Rodrigo , Gutmark Ephraim
Published: December 2024

Thermoacoustic oscillations in a high-pressure multinozzle lean direct injection combustor with fuel staging have been examined. The combustor consists of three independently controlled fuel stages, i.e., the pilot, intermediate, and outer fuel stages. Limit-cycle oscillations have been identified for two cases with different fuel supplies to the three stages of the combustor, operating at different equivalence ratios. The oscillation dynamics of the two cases have been characterized and quantified by employing nonlinear time series analysis tools. Phase portraits, recurrence plots, and recurrence quantification methods were used by phase space reconstruction of the scalar pressure measurements. Further comparisons between the two cases were made by correlating the time-resolved OH* chemiluminescence images to the pressure oscillations. Phase averaging and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition were used to understand the flame dynamics between the three fuel stages.
Un lugar en el cosmos. Reflexiones del cristianismo y la filosofía en torno al mundo en los siglos II y III
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ramírez Batalla Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2024

"This paper is a historical study of the Christian and philosophical perspectives about the
world and their implications in the second and third centuries. Some Christian thinkers
believed the world was created by God, especially for men. Nevertheless, this idea was extended
by the conviction that cosmos was made mainly for and to Christians. It meant Christians had
an important function in the divine plans and in God’s purposes to save humanity, they were
God’s favorites ones. In contrast, the intellectuals –above all Stoics, Platonics and Neoplatonics–
thought the world like an organic whole which remains for the collective, not for some
part, not even men. Some philosophers defended that humans were not exceptional, but
animals showed similar or superior characteristics and skills than humans. These positions
and their arguments ultimately reflected two different visions about the world, the nature,
God and man that faced each other in the cultural environment of the Roman Empire in
the second and third centuries."
Mares turbulentos: sobre el poema 4 de Catulo
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla (España), Ruiz García Luis Manuel
Published: December 2024

"Of the many interpretations that have been given of Catullus' Carmen IV, the vast majority
seek to understand it in light of the author's biography, questioning whether he truly owned
a boat and what real journey the verses describe. However, this article prefers to interpret it
in the light of mythical experience, not so much as an episode from the author's real life but
as a poetic stylization of a universal experience, specifically the feeling of drifting and being
lost. In support of this thesis, Catullus' poem is contrasted with others by Ovid (mainly
from Book I of the Tristia), and its connection to universal metaphors related to the sea and
water, such as those analyzed by Gaston Bachelard and Hans Blumenberg, is examined"
Civil Liability and Intra-Fraternal, Sexually Predatory Behavior
Authors: Parks Gregory S. , McKee Ryan W.
Published: December 2024

Sexually predatory behavior has long been an issue within many institutions and organizations. The Catholic Church has been scrutinized for the involvement of Popes, priests, nuns, and others as perpetrators and enablers of child sexual abuse. Reports of child sexual abuse dating back as far as the 1940s have plagued the Catholic Church in both the US and Europe, with estimates in the US across all dioceses suggesting over four thousand priest/deacon perpetrators and over ten thousand victims affected between the 1950s and 2002. Similarly, sexual abuse has been an issue in the Boy Scouts of America, dating back to the 1920s. After filing for bankruptcy in 2020, the BSA reached a $2.46 billion settlement agreement with sexual abuse survivors, “the largest sexual abuse compensation fund in the history of the United States.” Another recent example is the Pennsylvania State University scandal. It dominated national headlines across major news networks after the university’s assistant football coach, Jerry Sandusky, was accused of sexually abusing young boys over a fifteen-year period from 1994 to 2009.
In this essay, we grapple with how and the extent to which collegiate fraternities grapple with similar issues. Instead of focusing on potential threats to youth that fraternities work with, we explore intra-fraternal sexually predatory behavior. Specifically, we explore member predatory behavior on candidates for membership and neophyte members, as well as alumni member predatory behavior on college members. In Part I, we explore sexually predatory behavior in fraternities as an issue. In Part II, we explore how sexually predatory behavior in organizations creates liability for those organizations. In Part III, we explore how sexually predatory behavior in fraternities creates liability for fraternities. In Part IV, we explore some truths and myths about sexual predators. In Part V, we explore organizations’ defamation liability risk when they are negligent or reckless with respect to inferences about individuals’ sexually predatory conduct.
Vaspin inhibits ferroptosis: A new hope for treating myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Lin Xuehong , Xin Laiyun , Meng Xianqing , Chen Duo
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a critical pathological basis for cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, the effect of ferroptosis on MIRI has attracted extensive attention. Vaspin, an adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor, has multiple biological functions, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism by which vaspin alleviates MIRI by regulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and ferroptosis signaling pathways.

Material and Methods:

A mouse model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was used to evaluate the protective effects of vaspin on MIRI. The mechanism by which ferroptosis is modulated by the vaspin/HIF-1α signaling pathway was investigated by constructing a vaspin overexpression adenoviral vector. Myocardial infarct size and histological changes were assessed using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin–eosin staining. Ferroptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot assay, and apoptosis and reactive oxygen species levels were analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling. Iron content in myocardial tissue and cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:

Myocardial I/R increased myocardial infarct size and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels compared with the control group, indicating severe myocardial injury. Western blot results showed that MIRI reduced endogenous vaspin and HIF-1α levels and inhibited glutathione peroxidase 4. In vivo and in vitro vaspin overexpression treatment reduced infarct size, decreased LDH levels, inhibited ferroptosis pathway activity, and alleviated oxidative stress levels in myocardial tissues. In the H/R model, vaspin overexpression upregulated HIF-1α, inhibited ferroptosis markers, and reduced apoptosis and iron deposition. However, inhibiting HIF-1α reversed the cardioprotective and anti-ferroptotic effects of vaspin.

Conclusion:

Vaspin inhibits ferroptosis and upregulates the HIF-1α signaling pathway to mitigate myocardial I/R injury. The vaspin/HIF-1α pathway could be a potential target for MIRI prevention and treatment and offers fresh perspectives on ischemic heart disease management. Vaspin could be a novel cardioprotective agent that plays a significant role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Comparison of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia technique on the requirement of propofol, brain relaxation, intracranial pressure, neuronal injury, and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma undergoing emergency craniotomy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chandar Chinnarasan Vivek , Bidkar Prasanna Udupi , Swaminathan Srinivasan , Mani Manoranjitha , Vairappan Balasubramaniyan , Chatterjee Protiti , Joy Jerry Jame , Dey Ankita , Ramadurai Rajasekar , Gunasekaran Adethen
Published: December 2024

Background:

Propofol is one of the most used intravenous anesthetic agents in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients undergoing emergency neurosurgical procedures. Despite being efficacious, its administration is associated with dose-related adverse effects. The use of adjuvants along with propofol aids in limiting its consumption, thereby mitigating the side effects related to propofol usage. This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine-propofol versus fentanyl-propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in adult TBI patients.

Methods:

A hundred patients posted for emergency evacuation of acute subdural hematoma were enrolled, and they were randomized into two groups of 50 each. Propofol-based TIVA with a Schneider target-controlled infusion model was used for induction and maintenance. Patients in Group F received fentanyl, and those in Group D received dexmedetomidine infusions as adjuvants. Advanced hemodynamic parameters were monitored. Intracranial pressure (ICP) and brain relaxation were measured after dural opening. The mean propofol consumption, number of additional fentanyl boluses, and blood samples for S100b (a biomarker of neuronal injury) were also collected.

Results:

The mean propofol consumption in Group D (88.7 ± 31.8 μg/kg/min) was lower when compared to Group F (107.9 ± 34.6 μg/kg/min), (P = 0.005). The mean intraoperative fentanyl requirement and postoperative S100b were significantly reduced in Group D. Subdural ICPs and brain relaxation scores were comparable. Hemodynamic parameters were well maintained in both groups.

Conclusion:

In TBI, dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to propofol-based TIVA results in a greater reduction in total propofol consumption and intraoperative opioid requirements while maintaining hemodynamic stability when compared to fentanyl.