bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baryons as solitons in the meson spectrum: A machine learning perspective
Authors: Gal Yarin , Jejjala Vishnu , Mayorga Peña Damián Kaloni , Mishra Challenger
Published: March 2022

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction. The fundamental particles of QCD, quarks and gluons, carry color charge and form colorless bound states at low energies. The hadronic bound states of primary interest to us are mesons and baryons. A modern approach to computing hadron masses relies on the computationally intensive framework of lattice QCD. In cases where the exact quark composition or other quantum numbers of hadronic states are not precisely known, the prediction of masses from theoretical first principles is especially challenging. We address the problem of creating accurate and interpretable models of hadronic masses without resorting to extensive numerical computations. In this study, we construct a model of hadronic masses using both Bayesian and non-Bayesian techniques in machine learning. From knowledge of the meson spectrum only, neural networks and Gaussian processes predict the masses of baryons with 90.3% and 96.6% accuracy, respectively. We also predict the masses of pentaquarks and other exotic hadrons and demonstrate that machine learning is an effective tool for testing composition hypotheses. Our results surpass the benchmark constituent quark model both in terms of accuracy of predictions and hypothesis testing across all sectors of hadrons. We anticipate that our methods could yield a mass formula for hadrons from quark composition and other quantum numbers.
On the interaction of a Cornell-type nonminimal coupling with the scalar field under the background of topological defects
Authors: Zare S. , Hassanabadi H. , Guvendi A. , Chung W. S.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate the influence of the background of a cosmic string space–time with a distortion of a radial line into a spiral on the interaction of the scalar field with a Cornell-type nonminimal coupling subject to a special static scalar potential. The special static scalar potential consists of radial oscillator harmonics potential and radial inverse-square potential. In order to study such a system based on the Katanaev–Volovich geometric approach, we acquire relativistic solutions corresponding to the generalized Klein–Gordon quantum oscillator for relativistic charged spin-zero boson particles using analytical methods in this background.
The microstructure and compressive properties of a sintered Fe–Mn–Al porous steel produced by blended elemental powder mixture
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Liang Jinrong , Du Jingheng
Published: March 2022

In this study, powder compacts produced by mixed elemental Fe, Mn, Al and C powders without ball milling were sintered at 640∘C and 1200∘C, respectively. The results revealed that intermetallic phases belonging to Fe2Al5 and Al8Mn5 appeared after pre-sintered at 640∘C. When the temperature increased to 1200∘C, only α-Fe phase existed. The total porosities of the sintered samples were ∼60 vol.% at 640∘C and ∼70 vol.% at 1200∘C, and the peak compressive strength of the 1200∘C-sintered samples was ∼1.6 MPa at the strain of ∼11%.
Private Data Hiding System Using State-Switch DWT Coefficients Quantization on Digital Signal
Authors: Zhao Ming , Li Meng , Tong Xindi , Li Jie , Chen Shuo-Tsung
Published: March 2022

The watermark embedded by traditional methods is easy to be lost under some attacks. To overcome this problem, this study proposes a novel method based on DWT. It adopts a digital audio watermarking state-switching system which optimizes DWT coefficients doubly. Firstly, it combines the quantization-embedding system and the weights of DWT coefficients with SNR to obtain an optimization model for watermarking. Next, the Lagrange principle, Hessian matrix, and minimum energy play three essential roles to obtain the optimal DWT coefficients and weights. Moreover, the almost invariant feature of the optimal weights holds demonstrating resistance to amplitude scaling. Compared with similar algorithms, the experimental results verify that the embedded audio in the proposed method has higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and lower bit error rate (BER). At the same time, it indicates stronger robustness against various attacks, such as re-sampling, amplitude scaling, and mp3 compression.
Late-time Cosmology of scalar field assisted f(𝒢) gravity
Authors: Venikoudis S. A. , Fasoulakos K. V. , Fronimos F. P.
Published: March 2022

In this work, we present the late-time behaviour of the universe in the context of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravitational theory. The theory involves a scalar field, which represents low-effective quantum corrections, assisted by a function [Formula: see text] solely depending from the Gauss–Bonnet topological invariant [Formula: see text]. It is considered that the dark energy serves as the impact of all geometric terms, which are included in the gravitational action and the density of dark energy acts as a time-dependent cosmological constant evolving with an infinitesimal rate and driving the universe into an accelerating expansion. We examine two cosmological models of interest. The first involves a canonical scalar field in the presence of a scalar potential while the second, involves a scalar field which belongs to a generalized class of theories [Formula: see text] namely the k-essence scalar field in the absence of scalar potential. As it is proved, the aforementioned models are in consistency with the latest Planck data and in relatively good agreement with the [Formula: see text]CDM standard cosmological model. The absence of dark energy oscillations at the early stages of matter-dominated era, which appear in alternative scenarios of cosmological dynamics in the context of modified [Formula: see text] gravitational theories, indicates an advantage of the theory for the interpretation of late-time phenomenology.
Modulation instability in fractional Schrödinger equation with cubic–quintic nonlinearity
Authors: Zhang Jinggui
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate the properties of modulation instability (MI) in the fractional Schrödinger equation with cubic–quintic nonlinearity (SECN), particularly focusing on some novel dynamical behaviors different from those in the conventional SECN. First, we apply the linear-stability theory to derive an analytical expression for instability gain in such novel fractional physical system. Just like the case of the conventional SECN, our analysis shows that the dynamical behavior of MI in the fractional SECN still depends on the various combinations of the signs of cubic and quintic nonlinearities. In particular, MI is found to still occur even in the fractional Schrödinger equation (SE) with self-defocusing cubic nonlinearity if the quintic nonlinearity is positive. Moreover, we further find that the Lévy indices related to the fractional effects mainly act to increase not only the fastest growth frequency but also the bandwidth, when compared to the case in the conventional SECN. However, the corresponding maximum gain is completely independent on such Lévy indices. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by the numerical results from the split-step Fourier method. Our findings suggest that the novel fractional systems with cubic–quintic nonlinearity provide some possibilities to control the dynamical behavior of MI and new solitary waves.
The Arc-Connectivity of 3-Regular Digraphs with Two Orbits
Authors: Chen Xing , Xie Dongyang , Jiang Yongsheng , Fan Nannan
Published: March 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a simple strongly connected digraph and let Aut[Formula: see text] be an automorphism of [Formula: see text]. For [Formula: see text], the set [Formula: see text] is called an orbit of Aut[Formula: see text]. In this paper, first, we show that if [Formula: see text] is a 2-regular strongly connected digraph with two orbits then [Formula: see text], if [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-regular strongly connected digraph with two orbits and [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text]. Second, we prove that if [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text]. Last, we characterize the arc atoms of 3-regular strongly connected digraphs with two orbits and [Formula: see text].
Influence of Temperature and Moisture on Free Vibration Behavior of Skew Laminated Composite Sandwich Panels with CNTRC Core
Authors: Kallannavar Vinayak , Kattimani Subhaschandra , Ramesh H.
Published: March 2022

This paper presents the influence of temperature and moisture on the free vibration characteristics of skew laminated composite sandwich (SLCS) panels. The face sheets of the panels are made of graphite–epoxy composite, while the core consists of carbon nanotube-reinforced composite. The coupled hygro-elastic and thermo-elastic relations for the SLCS shells/panels are formulated using first-order shear deformation theory. The nonmechanical stiffness matrices are represented by the initial stress stiffness matrix developed using nonlinear strain–displacement relations. The temperature and moisture-dependent material properties are considered to analyze the laminated composite sandwich spherical, hyperbolic, ellipsoid, cylindrical Shells, and flat plates. Several numerical examples are comprehensively studied to establish the influence of temperature, moisture, the volume fraction of carbon nanotubes in the core material, functional gradation types, skew angle, and edge constraints on the vibration responses of SLCS shells. Further exploration is devoted to studying the combined effect of moisture, temperature, and the geometrical parameters such as length to width ratio, length to thickness ratio, radius-to-length ratio, and the core thickness to face sheet thickness ratios on the natural frequency of the skew laminated composite sandwich panels.
Algebraic structures in κ-Poincaré invariant gauge theories
Authors: Hersent Kilian , Mathieu Philippe , Wallet Jean-Christophe
Published: March 2022

[Formula: see text]-Poincaré invariant gauge theories on [Formula: see text]-Minkowski space-time, which are noncommutative analogs of the usual U(1) gauge theory, exist only in five dimensions. These are built from noncommutative twisted connections on a hermitian right module over the algebra coding the [Formula: see text]-Minkowski space-time. We show that twisting the action of this algebra on the hermitian module, assumed to be a copy of it, affects neither the value of the above dimension nor the noncommutative gauge group defined as the unitary automorphisms of the module leaving the hermitian structure unchanged. Only the hermiticity condition obeyed by the gauge potential becomes twisted. Similarities between the present framework and algebraic features of twisted spectral triples are exhibited.
A survey of functional and Lp-dissipativity theory
Authors: Cialdea A. , Maz’ya V.
Published: March 2022

Various notions of dissipativity for partial differential operators and their applications are surveyed. We deal with functional dissipativity and its particular case [Formula: see text]-dissipativity. Most of the results are due to the authors.
On an elliptic curve involving pairs of triangles and special quadrilaterals
Authors: Li Yangcheng , Zhang Yong
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we give an elliptic curve to obtain that there exist infinitely many rational [Formula: see text]-triangle and [Formula: see text]-trapezoid ([Formula: see text]-cyclic quadrilateral or perpendicular quadrilateral) pairs with areas and perimeters in fixed proportions [Formula: see text], respectively, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are positive rational numbers.

Moreover, we get that the sets of the triples of rational [Formula: see text]-triangle, [Formula: see text]-trapezoid and [Formula: see text]-cyclic quadrilateral and the quadruples of rational [Formula: see text]-triangle, right trapezoid, [Formula: see text]-cyclic quadrilateral and perpendicular quadrilateral, with the same area and the same perimeter respectively, are infinite.
Traveling waves solutions for a cooperative system with nonlinear advection and nonlinear KPP term
Authors: Palencia José Luis Díaz
Published: March 2022

In this work, a characterization of Traveling Waves (TW) solutions to a cooperative system formulated with an order four operator, with a nonlinear advection and a Fisher–KPP reaction term is introduced. The order four operator induces a set of instabilities in the proximity of the critical points. This property can be understood from a biological perspective to describe the synchronizing effects between both species even when the diffusion is not regular. This phenomenon reflects the capability of a cooperative species system to propagate along the media while keeping cooperation even for instability regions. In addition, given a certain advection coefficient, it is possible to assess a TW-velocity for which the described instabilities do not occur. This TW-velocity has been sharply assessed. The techniques developed along this study are based on a mix of analytical and numerical approaches.
The relationship between bitcoin and energy commodities: AutoRegressive distributed lag approach
Authors: Jouini Fathi , Messai Ahlem Selma , Derbali Abdelkader Mohamed Sghaier
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between bitcoin and energy commodities through the period of study from August 11, 2015 to March 31, 2018. For the econometric methodology, we utilize ARDL model, the cointegration relationship and the Granger Causality. From the empirical findings, we can observe that the presence of a short-term relationship between the variables with respect to the long-term relationship is significant and low. This result indicates the excessive volatility of bitcoin. The Granger causality test demonstrates the presence of unidirectional relationship between bitcoin and the variables representing energy and commodity products. Our paper contributes to the literature by applying for the first time many approaches together such as ARDL model, Granger Causality, Causality of Tada and Yamamoto, Cointegration relationship in short term and long term.
Programming by voice
Authors: Nowrin Sadia
Published: March 2022

Using a keyboard and mouse is difficult or even impossible for many programmers due to motor impairments such as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI). Programming by voice has enormous potential for helping motor-impaired programmers to input code and continue their careers. It also has the potential to allow motor-impaired students to more easily participate in computer science courses. By decreasing keyboard and mouse usage, programming by voice can also aid persons who are at risk of acquiring RSI. This work explores how different programmers naturally speak code without having to learn prescriptive grammar. The aim of this research is to develop a system that allows programmers to speak code in a natural manner.
Meeting in the Middle: Lessons and Opportunities from Studying C3-C4 Intermediates
Authors: Mercado Mae Antonette , Studer Anthony J.
Published: March 2022

The discovery of C3-C4 intermediate species nearly 50 years ago opened up a new avenue for studying the evolution of photosynthetic pathways. Intermediate species exhibit anatomical, biochemical, and physiological traits that range from C3 to C4. A key feature of C3-C4 intermediates that utilize C2 photosynthesis is the improvement in photosynthetic efficiency compared with C3 species. Although the recruitment of some core enzymes is shared across lineages, there is significant variability in gene expression patterns, consistent with models that suggest numerous evolutionary paths from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. Despite the many evolutionary trajectories, the recruitment of glycine decarboxylase for C2 photosynthesis is likely required. As technologies enable high-throughput genotyping and phenotyping, the discovery of new C3-C4 intermediates species will enrich comparisons between evolutionary lineages. The investigation of C3-C4 intermediate species will enhance our understanding of photosynthetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes and will potentially aid in crop improvement.
Biomaterials for Hemostasis
Authors: Simpson Aryssa , Shukla Anita , Brown Ashley C.
Published: March 2022

Uncontrolled bleeding is a major problem in trauma and emergency medicine. While materials for trauma applications would certainly find utility in traditional surgical settings, the unique environment of emergency medicine introduces additional design considerations, including the need for materials that are easily deployed in austere environments. Ideally, these materials would be available off the shelf, could be easily transported, and would be able to be stored at room temperature for some amount of time. Both natural and synthetic materials have been explored for the development of hemostatic materials. This review article provides an overview of classes of materials used for topical hemostats and newer developments in the area of injectable hemostats for use in emergency medicine.
Electric Percolation of Mortars with Additions of Carbon Fiber and Graphite Powders
Authors: Espinoza Moreno Celeste Analì , Barrios-Durstewitz Carlos P. Paulino , Pellegrini-Cervantes Manuel J. , Núñez Jaquez Rosa Elba , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Margarita
Published: March 2022

In this research, the effect of the addition of carbon fiber (FC) and graphite powder (GP) in a mortar with recycled aggregate was evaluated to know the percolation threshold with a water / cement ratio 0.6, sand / cement 1, PG / cement 0.5,1 and 0.1,0.3,0.5,1,1.5% of FC by weight of cement, the determination of the electrical conductivity of the mortar was carried out by the four-point method, obtaining the threshold of percolation from 0.3% FC by weight of cement for percentages greater than 0.5% the conductivity remains approximately constant, the increases in electrical conductivity are defined by the contact between the FC and the PG simultaneously, forming conductive routes with higher performance in their electric conductivity.
Analysis of the Morphology, Structure and Hardness of TiO2 Anodized with HCl and the Incorporation of K2Cr2O7 in the Solution
Authors: Hernández Montiel Samuel , García González Leandro , Hernández Torres Julian , Zamora Peredo Luis , Ferreira Palma Carlos , Orozco Cruz Ricardo
Published: March 2022

It was possible to obtain TiO2 doped with K and Cr by electrochemical anodizing technique. An unexplored synthesis route was considered where the electrolyte used for the anodization was HCl and K2Cr2O7 as the precursor of the incorporated metals. Subsequently, the heat treatment temperatures of 400, 500, 600, 600, 700 and 800 °C were varied in order to observe the morphological, structural and hardness changes of the obtained films. The presence of nanotubes was observed on the anodized surface and the samples were annealed at 400, 500 and 600 °C, and grain formation for the samples were annealed at 700 and 800 °C. The presence of K and Cr in the TiO2 structure, together with the temperature changes, favored the transformation of anatase to rutile, which gave a hardness improvement of up to 4.8 times more compared to that of titanium without any treatment.
Application of Gel Electrolytes to Validate Transient Models of Galvanic Corrosion Phenomenon
Authors: Ruiz Allan , Esquivel-Peña Vicente , Genesca Juan , Montoya Rodrigo
Published: March 2022

The present work focuses on studying the acidity generated in the electrolyte during the galvanic corrosion of an aluminum alloy (AA) in contact with carbon steel (CS). A bare galvanic system exposed to a thin NaCl electrolyte has been considered. In this work, a mathematical model solved by the finite element method (FEM) is presented. It considers both electrochemical and aluminum hydrolysis reactions in the electrolyte solution. The model allows predicting the propagation of acidic pH fronts along the AA surface. Subsequently, the results obtained were validated by employing an innovative experimental technique using agar films doped with a pH indicator. The experimentally measured acid fronts show a similar trend to the numerical predictions and have a reasonable correlation in the first few minutes of the corrosion process.
Opportunities and Challenges for Pastoral Beef Cattle Production in Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Belete Kuraz , Alemayehu Mulugeta Tesfaye , Haile Sharew Mekonnen
Published: March 2022

The beef cattle production sector plays a crucial role in the livelihoods of pastoral farmers in Ethiopia, and it is the main source of beef animals for domestic and foreign markets. As compared to other African countries, Ethiopia has a huge beef cattle population (65.35 million heads). However, the quality and quantity of beef, as well as per capita meat consumption of Ethiopians, are very low (8.4 kg/individual/year). In this sense, the goal of this review was to provide and synthesize the most validated scientific information on the opportunities and challenges for pastoral beef cattle production in Ethiopia. The potential for pastoral beef cattle producers in Ethiopia included population growth, urbanization, literacy, and family income, as well as high demand for beef animals in domestic and foreign markets. In contrast, problems with beef cattle production systems, diseases, shortages of feed and water, lack of veterinary services, droughts, lack of market access and infrastructure, illegal animal trades, and poor genetic potential of indigenous cattle are among the limiting factors that hamper efficient beef production in the country. In Ethiopia, the yield and compositional quality of beef are very low compared to other African countries and the global market in general. Therefore, empowering pastoral beef cattle producers will help us to supply high quality and quantity of beef and will ensure sustainable beef cattle production with an identified market destination and access.
Brain Decoding Using fMRI Images for Multiple Subjects through Deep Learning
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Bilal , Azad Laraib , Qureshi Muhammad Shuaib , Aslam Sheraz , Aljarbouh Ayman , Fayaz Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Substantial information related to human cerebral conditions can be decoded through various noninvasive evaluating techniques like fMRI. Exploration of the neuronal activity of the human brain can divulge the thoughts of a person like what the subject is perceiving, thinking, or visualizing. Furthermore, deep learning techniques can be used to decode the multifaceted patterns of the brain in response to external stimuli. Existing techniques are capable of exploring and classifying the thoughts of the human subject acquired by the fMRI imaging data. fMRI images are the volumetric imaging scans which are highly dimensional as well as require a lot of time for training when fed as an input in the deep learning network. However, the hassle for more efficient learning of highly dimensional high-level features in less training time and accurate interpretation of the brain voxels with less misclassification error is needed. In this research, we propose an improved CNN technique where features will be functionally aligned. The optimal features will be selected after dimensionality reduction. The highly dimensional feature vector will be transformed into low dimensional space for dimensionality reduction through autoadjusted weights and combination of best activation functions. Furthermore, we solve the problem of increased training time by using Swish activation function, making it denser and increasing efficiency of the model in less training time. Finally, the experimental results are evaluated and compared with other classifiers which demonstrated the supremacy of the proposed model in terms of accuracy.
Biological Activity of Ag and Cu Monometallic Nanoparticles and Ag‐Cu Bimetallic Nanocomposites against Plant Pathogens and Seeds
Authors: Doolotkeldieva Tinatin , Bobusheva Saikal , Zhasnakunov Zhanarbek , Satybaldiev Abduraim
Published: March 2022

The antibacterial activities of silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles (MNPs and BNPs) against the most economically important and common plant bacterial diseases in Kyrgyzstan were tested, as well as their phytotoxic effects on wheat and corn seeds. To achieve this, a range of Ag and Cu MNPs and BNPs were synthesized using different methods and were tested at different concentrations to compare their biological effects. The antibacterial activities of Ag and Cu MNPs and Ag‐Cu BNPs against the plant pathogenic bacteria Erwinia amylovora, Pseudomonas syringae, and Pectobacterium carotovorum were evaluated. Of the three pathogens, Ps. syringae was found to be the most sensitive to NPs. The antimicrobial activities of the tested NPs showed significant positive correlations with the concentration; hence, there was a dose‐dependent effect. Due to their antibacterial properties, these Ag‐Cu nanocomposites have high potential in plant protection applications.
A Large Retrospective Study of Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in the North of Iran: Association between SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Ct Values with Demographic Data
Authors: Sadeghi Farzin , Pournajaf Abazar , Halaji Mehrdad , Chehrazi Mohammad , Amiri Fatemeh Hejazi , Amoli Saghar Saber , Hasanzadeh Ali , Javanian Mostafa , Bayani Masoumeh , Haddad Zavareh Mahmoud Sadeghi , Shokri Mehran , Babazadeh Arefeh , Mohammadi Mohsen , Mehdinezhad Hamed , Monadi Mahmoud , Maleh Parviz Amri , Nouri Hamid Reza , Daraei Abdolreza , Pasha Mahdie Yousefnia , Tourani Mehdi , Ahmadian Seyed Raheleh , Esmailzadeh Nadia , Mirtabar Seyyedeh Maedeh , Asadi Shakiba , Nasiraie Ebrahim , Ezami Nafiseh , Gorjinejad Shahrbano , Fallhpour Kobra , Fakhraie Fatemeh , Beheshti Yousef , Baghershiroodi Mahnaz , Rasti Faeze , Salehi Maryam , Aleahmad Atiyeh , Babapour Rahman , Malekzadeh Rahim , Kashi Rahmat Habibzadeh , Yahyapour Yousef
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To avoid worsening from mild, moderate, and severe diseases and to reduce mortality, it is necessary to identify the subpopulation that is more vulnerable to the development of COVID-19 unfavorable consequences. This study aims to investigate the demographic information, prevalence rates of common comorbidities among negative and positive real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) patients, and the association between SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold (Ct) at hospital admission, demographic data, and outcomes of the patients in a large population in Northern Iran. Methods. This large retrospective cross-sectional study was performed from 7 March to 20 December 2020. Demographic data, including gender, age, underlying diseases, clinical outcomes, and Ct values, were obtained from 8,318 cases suspected of COVID-19, who were admitted to four teaching hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences (MUBABOL), in the north of Iran. Results. Since 7 March 2020, the data were collected from 8,318 cases suspected of COVID-19 (48.5% female and 51.5% male) with a mean age of 53 ± 25.3 years. Among 8,318 suspected COVID-19 patients, 3,250 (39.1%) had a positive rRT-PCR result; 1,632 (50.2%) patients were male and 335 (10.3%) patients died during their hospital stay. The distribution of positive rRT-PCR revealed that most patients (464 (75.7%)) had a Ct between 21 and 30 (Group B). Conclusion. Elderly patients, lower Ct, patients having at least one comorbidity, and male cases were significantly associated with increased risk for COVID-19-related mortality. Moreover, mortality was significantly higher in patients with diabetes, kidney disease, and respiratory disease.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Sansevieria cylindrica Fiber/Polyester Composites
Authors: Subramaniam Balasubramani , M Manickavasagam V. , Rajakumar I Paul Theophilus , Raj P.Anantha Christu , G Bharath V , Madhusudhanan J. , Sharma Amit Kumar , Patil Pravin , Assefa Gizachew Balcha
Published: March 2022

Natural fiber-reinforced composites are the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to industrial applications. Composite materials reinforced with Sansevieria cylindrica (SC) fibers were developed in this research work. These fibers were chosen for their outstanding mechanical qualities. Compression moulding was used to create composite materials. Each leaf on a Sansevieria cylindrica plant is 20 to 30 mm thick, with a height of 1000 to 2000 mm. The Sansevieria cylindrica (SC) fibers were used as chemically treated fibers and untreated fibers to produce the composites. The tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength of various fiber weight% of composites (20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were calculated. From the tested results, the maximum tensile strength achieved in 40 wt% of treated SC fiber composites is 85.7 MPa. The maximum hardness is found in 40 wt% of composites in both treated and untreated fiber composites. The 40 wt% of composites gives a better impact energy of 9.4 J/cm2.The SC fiber polyester composites have superior interfacial bonding and give maximal strength in treated SC fiber composites. The fiber treatment delivers greater strength than the untreated fiber, according to this study. The treated SC fibers have better strength and good bonding between the fiber and matrix to produce the composite materials.
Plasma and Urinary Levels of Nerve Growth Factor Are Elevated in Primary Hypertension
Authors: Tomoda Fumihiro , Nitta Atsumi , Sugimori Hiroko , Koike Tsutomu , Kinugawa Koichiro
Published: March 2022

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the main neurotrophic factor that can control sympathetic nerve innervation and sympathetic neural activity in cardiovascular organs. Although NGF overproduction and its influences on the sympathetic nervous system have been shown in hypertensive animals, NGF status and its association with sympathetic nerve activity have not yet been explored in human hypertension. In the present study, therefore, plasma and urinary levels of NGF and those of catecholamines (i.e., indices for NGF status and sympathoadrenal activity, respectively) were compared between 83 untreated primary hypertensives without apparent cardiovascular damages and 81 healthy normotensive subjects. Plasma and urinary levels of NGF were significantly greater in the hypertensive group (311 ± 158 pg/mL and 72.7 ± 54.0 ng/g of Cr) than in the normotensive group (168 ± 188 pg/mL and 54.5 ± 38.8 ng/g of Cr) (

p
<
0.05

for each measurement), even if the baseline differences of age and gender between the groups were adjusted. Similarly, plasma and urinary levels of catecholamines were significantly higher in the hypertensive group than in the normotensive group except for plasma noradrenaline. In addition, despite no significant correlations between plasma levels of NGF and catecholamines in both groups, urinary NGF significantly correlated positively with both urinary noradrenaline and urinary adrenaline in the hypertensive group (r = 0.259,

p
=
0.018

and r = 0.232,

p
=
0.035

), but not in the normotensive group (r = 0.115,

p
=
0.307

and r = −0.018,

p
=
0.871

). On the contrary, plasma and urinary levels of NGF as well as those of catecholamines did not associate with any systemic hemodynamic indices such as blood pressure and pulse rate in either group. Thus, primary hypertension was characterized by the enhancements of both NGF status and sympathoadrenal activity and the positive relationship between them. Our data indicate that enhanced NGF status and subsequent NGF-induced sympathoadrenal overactivity could occur in primary hypertension.
Collision Analysis of the Motor and Camera in Light and Small UAVs Based on Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Zhang Yongjie , Li Zhiwen , Cui Bo , Zeng Yongqi , Huang Yingjie , Guo Yazhou
Published: March 2022

For unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), their motor and camera are rigid components that are most likely causing damage in the event of a collision. Therefore, in the research of UAVs collision simulation, establishing accurate motor and camera FE models is the key step. Kinetic material tests were conducted for 7075 aluminum alloy, and an accurate material model was obtained. A test of motor and camera strike on plates was developed, and the dynamic response of the plates was obtained to verify the numerical method of UAV motor and camera strike on plates. Based on these, accurate FE models of motor and camera were established. In addition, the motor and camera were divided into element models with different sizes, and the influence of element size on calculation accuracy and efficiency was investigated. It is indicated that when the average size of the motor grid is less than 1.25 mm and the average size of the camera grid is less than 1 mm, a good balance could be achieved between calculation accuracy and calculation efficiency. Through comprehensive consideration, a 1.25 mm and a 1 mm mesh model were selected for the motor and the camera, respectively, to establish their finite element model which was then employed in the simulation of motor and camera strike on plates. The simulation results showed that the strain-time curve peak of the aluminum plate impacted by the motor had an error of 9.5% with the experimental result and that by the camera had an error of 9.7% with the experimental result. At the same time, the influences of speed and collision angle were investigated. It is indicated that the greater collision angle of the motor, the smaller collision angle of the camera, and the greater impact speed of both cause greater damage to the aluminum plate. The FE modelling method and collision simulation method of motor and camera proposed in this paper can greatly save the resources for testing the UAV performance through the practical structural strength test, especially for light and small UAVs.
Pricing Decision and Financing Approach Selection of Fund-Deficient Closed-Loop Supply Chain under Distributor’s Risk Aversion
Authors: Xia Xiaodong , Nan Yongqing
Published: March 2022

The study aims at an issue of the rational financing approach selection on the fund-deficient remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain (CLSC), which is composed of one fund-deficient manufacturer and a risk-adverse distributor. The pricing decision under the cases of manufacturer is with sufficient fund, with limited fund, via debt financing and via equity financing are solved on the CLSC game model. Moreover, the equilibrium solution in different cases is solved using backward induction, analyzing the impact of risk-averse parameters on the equilibrium solution in different cases and obtaining the critical conditions for the manufacturer to execute the optimal financing approach. The conclusion shows that the wholesale price and the retailing price of the new product in debt financing are both greater, while the retailing prices of the remanufacturing product are equal in the two financing approaches. Only when the manufacturer's self-owned fund is constrained and the executable dividend proportion is lower than a critical value, the manufacturer will execute equity financing. However, if the self-owned fund is exceedingly deficient and the executable profit-sharing proportion is adequately large, the manufacturer will prefer debt financing. When executing financing, the consumer surplus declines, while the risk-averse parameter goes up. Debt financing is far eco-friendlier, while equity financing enables both parties and the total revenues of CLSC to attain a multibenefit status in specific circumstances.
Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation and Migration in Private Cloud Data Centre
Authors: R. Dhaya , J. Ujwal U. , Sharma Tripti , Singh Mr. Prabhdeep , R. Kanthavel , Selvan Senthamil , Krah Daniel
Published: March 2022

The level of difficulty that can be envisioned in a cloud data center will not grow with convention. As a result, all hosts should have a standard and pervasive collection of memory and communication characteristics in order to lower ownership costs and operate virtual machine instances. This solution includes fundamental foundations and integrated component basics that will allow an IT or federal agency to embrace cloud computing domestically via private virtual cloud data centers. These private cloud data centers would later be developed to purchase and develop IT services on the outside. They are well aware of the obstacles to cloud computing’s acceptance, including concerns about credibility, privacy, interoperability, and marketplaces. In addition, this procedure describes critical standards and collaborations to address these issues. Ultimately, it offers a coherent response to deploying safe data centers using cloud computing services from both a technological and an IT strategic standpoint. To foster creativity, invention, learning, and enterprise, a private data center and cloud computing must be established to combine the activities of different research teams. In the framework of energy-efficient distribution of resources in private cloud data center architecture, we focus on system structure investigations. On the other hand, we want to equip private cloud providers with the current design and performance analysis for energy-efficient resource allocation. The methodology should be adaptable enough to support a wide range of computing systems, as well as on-demand and extensive resource providing approaches, cloud environment scheduling, and bridging the gap between private cloud users and a complete image of offers.
IoT Networks Assisted Baduanjin Auxiliary Training System Based on Depth Camera
Authors: Wan Pengfei , Liu Yongqiang , Gao Hongjie
Published: March 2022

Baduanjin auxiliary training system has insufficient feature definition for similar actions, which affects the recognition accuracy of effective action data. A depth camera-based Baduanjin auxiliary training system is designed. The depth camera is used as the core to design the peripheral circuit and develop the relevant firmware in the hardware part. TPS2552 is used to design the USB current limiting protection circuit, and a CrossLink chip is used to realize the interface and level conversion. In the software part, the human body 3D model of Baduanjin training is generated and the parameters of the human body model are obtained by establishing the mapping relationship between the model and the human body features in the image. Based on the automatic calibration of Baduanjin motion feature points by the depth camera, the motion posture was analyzed and summarized, the attitude auxiliary indicators were established, and the posture standard was judged by comparing the distance of the posture joints in the reconstructed 3D human body model. The system test results show that the recognition accuracy of Baduanjin auxiliary training system based on the depth camera is 96.25% for effective action data, which is 11.53%, 15.28%, and 13.06% higher than that of Kinect, motion intervention, and behavior recognition auxiliary training system, respectively. Therefore, the system can provide analysis and guidance for Baduanjin movement.
T1AM Attenuates the Hypoxia/Reoxygenation‐Induced Necroptosis of H9C2 Cardiomyocytes via RIPK1/RIPK3 Pathway
Authors: Wei Bo , Zhao Hanbing , Hu Bailong , Dai Lujun , Zhang Guoning , Mo Lili , Huang Niwen , Zou Changchao , Zhang Bei , Zhou Haiyan , Li Wei , Liu Xingde
Published: March 2022

Purpose. To investigate the detailed mechanism of 3‐iodothyronamine (T1AM) in cell apoptosis and programmed necrosis of hypoxia/reoxygenation‐ (H/R‐) induced H9C2 injury. Materials and Methods. Cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells were cultured in vitro for the establishment of cardiomyocyte H/R models. Cells were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, H/R group, T1AM pretreatment group, T1AM pretreatment and H/R (6 μm T1AM+H/R) group. The degree of myocardial injury was determined by the detection of the cardiomyocyte inhibition rate by CCK8 and the detection of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Cell apoptosis was assessed through TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. The protein level and mRNA level of RIPK1, RIPK3, and CAMKII were detected by western blotting and qRT‐PCR. Results. Compared with the control group, the cell inhibition rate was dramatically elevated in the H/R group. LDH release of cardiomyocytes was significantly increased. Protein and mRNA expressions of RIPK1, RIPK3, and CAMKII were significantly enhanced. Compared with the H/R group, the cell inhibition rate, LDH release, cardiomyocyte necroptosis rate, and protein and mRNA levels of RIPK1, RIPK3, and CAMKII of the T1AM+H/R group were significantly decreased. Conclusion. Pretreatment with T1AM could alleviate cardiomyocytes’ H/R injury and inhibit necroptosis of cardiomyocytes, which might exert a protective function upon activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3 pathway.
Binary Particle Swarm Optimization Intelligent Feature Optimization Algorithm‐Based Magnetic Resonance Image in the Diagnosis of Adrenal Tumor
Authors: Xu Jian , Tian Fei , Wang Lei , Miao Zhongchang
Published: March 2022

This research was aimed to explore the application value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on binary particle swarm optimization algorithm (BPSO) in the diagnosis of adrenal tumors. 120 patients with adrenal tumors admitted to the hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group (conventional MRI examination) and the observation group (MRI examination based on the BPSO intelligent feature optimization algorithm), with 60 cases in each group. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Kappa of the diagnostic methods were compared between the two groups. The results showed that the calculation rate of the BPSO algorithm was the best under the same processing effect (P < 0.05). Optimization algorithm‐based MRI is used in the diagnosis of adrenal tumors, and the results showed that the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Kappa (83.33%, 79.17%, 81.67%, and 0.69) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (50%, 75%, 58.33%, and 0.45). The similarity of tumor location results in the observation group (89.24%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (65.9%) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, compared with SFFS and other algorithms, the BPSO algorithm has more advantages in calculation speed. MRI based on the BPSO intelligent feature optimization algorithm has a good diagnostic effect and higher accuracy in adrenal tumors, showing the good development prospects of computer intelligence technology in the field of medicine.
Study on Gas Control in Goaf of High Gas Coal Seam: A Case Study of Tingnan Coal Mine, China
Authors: Chai Jiamei
Published: March 2022

When stratified mining is used in extrathick coal seam, the gas emission in goaf of the first mining face is large, and it is easy to cause gas overrun in the upper corner during the rapid advance of the working face, which seriously affects the safe and efficient mining of the working face. The gas drainage in goaf by roof high-drainage way is the fundamental solution to solve the gas overrun in the upper corner, and the reasonable layout position is related to the drainage effect of high-drainage way. In this paper, 206 slicing mining face of Tingnan Coal Mine in Binchang Mining Area of Shaanxi Province is taken as an engineering example. Theoretical analysis, fluent numerical simulation, and field verification are used to study and analyze the reasonable layout position and drainage effect of roof high-drainage way in working face. The research results show that the reasonable position of the high-drainage way layout is the horizontal distance of 15 m, the vertical distance of 21 m and 26 m, the horizontal distance of 25 m, and the vertical distance of 21 m and 26 m. In the layout position of 15 m horizontal and 21 m vertical, the gas drainage volume of high-drainage roadway is 16.4~23.3 m3/min, and the average gas drainage volume is 20.45 m3/min. The gas drainage volume of high-drainage roadway accounts for 52.1% of the gas emission, which achieves the expected effect and realizes the safety requirements of gas prevention and control in working face. The research results of this paper can provide guidance for the layout of high-drainage way in Tingnan Coal Mine and adjacent mines.
Interval Cross Efficiency Measurement for General Two-Stage Systems
Authors: Tajik Yabr Abdol Hossein , Najafi Seyed Esmail , Moghaddas Zohreh , Shahnazari Shahrezaei Parisa
Published: March 2022

The data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is based on mathematical programming, is employed to measure the relative efficiency of several homogeneous decision-making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. There has been extensive research on developing the classical DEA models for various forms and conditions. For example, ranking models such as cross efficiency have been proposed to address the shortcomings of the initial basic models. The data envelopment analysis for network systems has been developed as the network data envelopment analysis (NDEA), and models such as interval data envelopment analysis (IDEA) have been provided to take into account data uncertainty. But using this technique for issues that have all these conditions requires a single model, in which all the conditions are included. In the case study of this paper, the branches in the banking industry are ranked, and several models are presented according to different approaches to the NDEA in order to calculate the interval cross efficiency of a general two-stage network system. Finally, the results of the models are compared.
Data‐Driven Method for Passenger Path Choice Inference in Congested Subway Network
Authors: Su Guanghui , Si Bingfeng , Zhao Fang , Li He
Published: March 2022

In a congested large‐scale subway network, the distribution of passenger flow in space‐time dimension is very complex. Accurate estimation of passenger path choice is very important to understand the passenger flow distribution and even improve the operation service level. The availability of automated fare collection (AFC) data, timetable, and network topology data opens up a new opportunity to study this topic based on multisource data. A probability model is proposed in this study to calculate the individual passenger’s path choice with multisource data, in which the impact of the network time‐varying state (e.g., path travel time) on passenger path choice is fully considered. First, according to the number and characteristics of OD (origin‐destination) candidate paths, the AFC data among special kinds of OD are selected to estimate the distribution of passengers’ walking time and waiting time of each platform. Then, based on the composition of path travel time, its real‐time probability distribution is formulated with the distribution of walking time, waiting time, and in‐vehicle time as parameters. Finally, a membership function is introduced to evaluate the dependence between passenger’s travel time and the real‐time travel time distribution of each candidate path and take the path with the largest membership degree as passenger’s choice. Finally, a case study with Beijing Subway data is applied to verify the effectiveness of the model presented in this study. We have compared and analysed the path calculation results in which the time‐varying characteristics of network state are considered or not. The results indicate that a passenger’s path choice behavior is affected by the network time‐varying state, and our model can quantify the time‐varying state and its impact on passenger path choice.