bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RIDDHI (HABENARIA INTERMEDIA D. WEAR): SIGNIFICANCE AND VERSATILITY IN VARIOUS ANCIENT AYURVEDIC NIGHNATU SCRIPTURES
Authors: Shalini  , Ramakant Marde  , Rajesh Kumar Mishra  , Prabhat Kumar Srivastava  , Divya Vij
Published: July 2020

In Ayurveda treatment combines products derived from plants, animal, mineral, etc. Amongst all types of Ayurvedic preparations plant-based preparations play a significant and important role in the Ayurvedic healing process. Healing with medicinal plants is as old as mankind itself. We have been using medicinal plants since extremely long time. The use of plant based medicinal products and supplements have increased tremendously over the past three decades. Ṛddhi is an important member of Aṣṭavarga group of plants. Traditionally it is used in many herbal preparations for its rejuvenating and health promoting properties. Polyherbal formulation containing tubers of this herb possess properties viz. full of vital energy, high in antioxidants, and boosting immunity. The demand of this herb is increasing day by day but due to scarcity of this plant in wild, unaware about authentic botanical source, non-existing cultivation practices there is widespread problem of adulteration or substitution with other plants. So by taking into account the above situation this systematic review has conducted to find out authentic botanical source of Ṛddhi.
RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND PLACEBO CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY OF CYMBOPOGAN CITRATUS IN INFLUENZA
Authors: Seema Pradeep  , Mahesh C.D  , Pravina Koteshwar
Published: July 2020

Background: Influenza, or flu, is a respiratory illness that is caused by a virus. As Influenza is known to be highly contagious and there by affecting working community at large, a natural; cost effective remedy can help sail through the course of illness with much ease.

The plant Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. commonly known as Lemon grass belongs to Poaceae family and is a native of tropical countries. Various studies have been done on the plant to reveal its potential therapeutic effects. Thus this study untended to evaluate its efficacy in the management of Influenza and its symptoms.

Methodology: Randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical study. 62 patients of age group 20- 50 years, suffering from Influenza and fulfilling the diagnostic criteria were selected and randomly grouped into trial (Group I - 31 patients) and control group (Group II - 31 patients received the Placebo- Distilled water 25ml 3 times daily). Both the groups were given Paracetamol 500mg/kg body weight as rescue medicine if required.

Observation & Results: The signs and symptoms of Influenza which were exhibited in patients when subjected to the Trial medication showed good results. The quality of life in them was better compared to control group.

Conclusion: The current study helped to confirm the effect of the plant Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. in influenza. In Trial group, significantly better remission of associated signs and symptoms of influenza was found compared to control group. This would help us create an increased awareness amongst the public about the use of herbal medicines in either cure or as add on therapy in the management of Influenza.
A CRITICAL STUDY OF DAGDHA VRANA (BURN INJURY) IN AYURVEDIC SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Authors: Taifa Rozy  , Barman Kumar Pankaj  , Medhi Champak
Published: July 2020

In Ayurvedic classics use of medicinal, surgical and para surgical modalities for treatment of different ailments are given. The para surgical procedures like Agnikarma, Ksharakarma and Raktamoksan were commonly used by the Ayurvedic physicians. During the therapy like Agnikarma there were accidental burn injuries known as Pramad dagdha or Ittartha dagdha. According to nature of cause of burn it is of two types Snigdha and Ruksa. Acharya Sushruta has elaborately described the types, clinical features, treatment principles and Upadrava (complications) of Dagdha vrana. Acharya Charaka has mentioned burn wound as Agantuja vrana. Dagdha vrana (burn injury) and its management were also found in various treatise of Ayurveda written in different time periods. The paper is review of types, clinical features and management of the Dagdha vrana (burn injury) found in different ayurvedic texts.
UNDERSTANDING OF ANUVASANA BASTI (MEDICATED OIL ENEMA): COMPILATION FROM BRIHATTARYI
Authors: Jasminbegam B. Momin*  , P.V.Kulkarni  , V.E.Gogate
Published: July 2020

Basti is one of the most important Panchakarma used in the treatment of various disorders. It is a method of administrating the medicine in the form of Kwatha or Sneha in the body through anal region or urinary or vaginal route. Basti in which Sneha is used for administration is known as Anuvasana Basti. Vata is the major cause in manifestation of diseases affecting the Shakha, Koshtha and Marma. Anuvasana Basti can be used a single therapy for various Vataja Vikaras. This can also be used as Purva Karma before Niruha Basti as well as Paschata Karma after Niruha Basti. Ancient Acharyas have mentioned the details of Anuvasana Basti in accordance with useful Dravyas, its indications, contraindications, Basti Vidhi, complications, importance, etc., Samhitakaras have also mentioned the different Yogas along with their specific indications. An attempt has been made here to review the concept of Anuvasana Basti in Brihattaryi and to study the different Yogas of Anuvasana Basti as mentioned in them.
A REVIEW ON PASCHATA KARMA OF AHARA AND ITS EFFECT ON POSTPRANDIAL GLYCAEMIA W.S.R. SATAPADA GAMANA
Authors: Sadaf Ahmed*  , Ankita  , Medha Kulkarni  , Shivakumar S. Harti
Published: July 2020

Over the past several decades, the physical activities and fitness of Indian’s have significantly decreased which results in expand of non-communicable diseases where Diabetes is most common. Regular physical activity is accepted widely as an effective preventable measure for a variety of health risks as it helps in regulating blood glucose and other Physiological effects. Proper utilization of Glucose is very important. Limited instruction is available for post meal Procedure andabout physical activitywhich affects postprandial glycaemia. In this regard the present study is taken to find out the post dietary activities mentioned in Ayuveda and contemporary science. Study also implies that there is extensive scope of scientific research in this field in order to justify the textual references and to generate the data.
TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF GUDUCHYADI YOGA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RAKTACHAPADHIKYATA OR ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION-A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Pathania Nitish , C Umesh C , Gopala Krishna G  , Pathania Monika
Published: July 2020

Hypertension is the most pressing public health challenges. It is estimated that approximately 1 billion people are suffering from high blood pressure and the numbers are to increase to 2.5 billion by 2025. Raktachaapadhikya is the coined term for increased blood pressure given by recent authors where it can be understood as the pathology of Vyanvayu. The usage of Guduchyadi Yoga has been highlighted in the classics of Ayurveda for targeting the Hridaya sthitha vayu, which has not been evaluated yet. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Navahridaya Kalpa (standard drug) and Guduchyadi Yoga (trial drug) for management of essential hypertension. Materials and Methods: A simple randomized controlled clinical study where 40 patients were equally divided as group A: Navahridaya kalpa (standard drug) and Group B: Guduchyadi yoga (trial drug) for a period of one month. Observations and results: The study result revealed that both the groups were beneficial in reducing high blood pressure however with no statistically significant difference found between the groups with p value being 0.339 for standard drug and 0.363 for trial drug. The group B was also found to be effective in reducing systolic blood pressure of stage I hypertension with p value .044 on comparing between the groups. Conclusion: The Guduchyadi yoga acts as Rasayana with the property of rejuvenation and antihypertensive which will check the high blood pressure at a very minimum cost without having any major adverse effects in the patients and hence can be advocated for use on a daily a basis.
Potensialitas Transformasi Nilai, Asas, dan Kaidah Hukum Islam ke dalam Hukum Nasional
Authors: Yusuf Asep Warlan
Published: July 2020

Penodaan, penistaan, dan pelecehan terhadap ajaran Agama Islam yang benar kian marak dan berani. Aktivitas tersebut kemudian dan terkesan dibiarkan, diabaikan, dan dilalaikan oleh pihak yang berwenang.  Walaupun demikian, Negara RI memang tidak disebut sebagai Negara Islam, tetapi dasar Negara kita adalah Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa (dasar ketauhidan/Iman kepada Allah SWT), sehingga menuntut penegakan hukum yang berkeadilan terhadap penista Agama bukan semata-mata hak yang terlekat sebagai warga negara, tetapi lebih dari itu adalah perintah Agama yang secara tegas dan eksplisit tercantum dalam Kitab Suci Al Quran dan Al-Hadist. Artikel ini akan mengulas tentang potensi transformasi nilai, asas, dan kaidah hukum islam  ke dalam  hukum nasional. Pertama, bagaimana  mewujudkan masyarakat yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan YME; suatu masyarakat Pancasilais yang memiliki cita-cita dan harapan masa depan. Kedua, bagaimana mewujudkan masyarakat yang didambakan adalah masyarakat demokratis berkeadaban (democratic civility), Ketiga, bagaimana mewujudkan masyarakat baru yang merupakan bagian dari masyarakat global, yang memiliki semangat, keahlian kompetensi yang tinggi, dan keterampilan kompetitif, dengan tetap mempunyai semangat solidaritas kemanusiaan universal.
Urgensi Transformasi Pemerintahan Demokrasi Menuju Pemerintahan Islam
Authors: Suteki Suteki
Published: July 2020

Transformasi sering dipakai dalam arti suatu upaya perubahan agar terjadi penyesuaian hukum dengan kebutuhan masyarakatnya. Mentransformasikan hukum baik dalam bentuk sistem maupun Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang baik dibutuhkan sekurang-kurangnya empat landasan yakni: landasan filosofis, sosiologis, yuridis. Di Indonesia, pergolakan pemikiran tentang hukum sebenarnya sudah dimulai pada saat berdirinya kerajaan-kerajaan primitif di nusantara. Namun demikian, hal ini sulit dilacak keberadaannya, kecuali dengan pendekatan arkeologi yang ketat dan memakan waktu tak sedikit itu. Penelitian deskriptif ini akan memaparkan bagaimana implementasi hukum positif di indonesia pada pra dan pasca kemerdekaan untuk dikomparasikan dengan hukum Islam. Meskipun hukum adat yang mencirikan khas keindonesiaan pernah menjadi salah satu tawaran terbaik, pada kenyataannya juga masih mudah terjebak pada paradigma yang lama, yakni positivisme hukum. Hukum tersebut tidak semestinya terjebak pada paradigma positivistik-legalistik-formalistik, yang menempatkan hukum sebagai benda mati. Secara teoretis memang sangat dimungkinkan hukum Islam sebagai sumber hukum utama dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan hukum di Indonesia, namun secara praktis hukum Islam hanya dijadikan landasan untuk mengatur hukum keluarga saja. Hukum Islam akan menjadi sumber utama hukum bila negara itu memiliki sistem pemerintahan Islam, tidak lain sistem khilafah.
Transformasi Politik Islam di Indonesia dalam Sistem Demokrasi
Authors: Lukman Fahmy
Published: July 2020

Ada persoalan mendasar dalam demokrasi yang memberikan pengaruh sangat kuat terhadap perilaku penguasa, pengusaha, dan masyarakatnya. Demokrasi sebagai derivasi dari ideologi kapitalisme-sekularisme-liberalisme menumbuhkan praktik yang jauh dari keberadaban sebuah masyarakat karena nilai kebenaran ditentukan oleh manusia. Dampaknya adalah kebenaran dalam demokrasi bersifat relatif dan berubah disebabkan perubahan waktu dan tempat, serta kepentingan. Dalam ideologi ini, nilai keragaman dan ketuhanan diakui keberadaannya (sekularisme), hanya saja ditempatkan sebagai private domain yang tidak berhubungan sama sekali dengan public domain. Islam berbeda dengan ideologi kapitalisme-sekularisme dan sosialisme-komunisme. Islam merupakan sistem yang mengatur kehidupan dengan menyatukan antara urusan mondial dan akhirat. Keduanya berkorelasi kuat mempengaruhi perilaku manusia, karena diyakini kebenaran harus merujuk kepada wahyu Tuhan dan setelah manusia mati diyakini ada kehidupan lain setelah kematian (Akhirat). Oleh sebab itu, kaum muslim terikat dengan nilai-nilai dan hukum Tuhan dalam perilakunya. Inilah aspek mendasar yang menuntun aktivitas muslim menuju keberadaban dan peradaban luhur. Berdasarkan kaca mata kritis, Islam dan demokrasi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan baik dari segi landasan konsepsi, praktik musyawarah (syura) dan pemilu. Menyamakan Islam dan demokrasi sebagai sesuatu yang sebangun tentu merupakan kesalahan fatal dalam konsepsi berfikir mendasar dan paradigmatik. Oleh sebab itu, proses transformasi politik perlu dilakukan dengan memperhatikan ketentuan nilai dan hukum dalam syariat Islam.
Sistem dan Politik Ekonomi Islam dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan
Authors: Nasim Arim
Published: July 2020

Makalah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran pemahaman tentang kegagalan sistem ekonomi kapitalis dalam menyejahterakan umat manusia dan memberikan gambaran bagaimana sistem ekonomi islam mampu mewujudkan kesejahteraan umat manusia. Makalah ini disusun dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Critical Theory. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan kegagalan sistem ekonomi kapitalis dalam menyejahterakan umat manusia disebabkan karena  kesalahan yang mendasar dari sistem tersebut yaitu, pandangan tentang konsep kelangkaan (scarcity) barang dan jasa,  pandangan tentang konsep nilai (value) suatu barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan serta  pandangan tentang konsep harga dan peranannya dalam produksi, konsumsi, dan distribusi. Politik Ekonomi Islam melalui mekanisme langsung dan tidak langsung mampu memberikan jaminan kesejahteraan kepada umat manusia dan zakat maupun pajak dalam Sistem Ekonomi Islam bukan merupakan sumber utama pemasukan negara.
Peran Sains dan Teknologi dalam Membangun Peradaban Islam
Authors: Amhar Fahmi , Puri Anas , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Published: July 2020

Peradaban adalah suatu susunan masyarakat yang kompleks yang dicirikan oleh pembangunan perkotaan, stratifikasi sosial yang diterapkan oleh elit budaya, sistem komunikasi simbolik (misalnya, sistem penulisan), dan pemisahan yang dirasakan dari dan dominasi atas lingkungan alam.  Peradaban Islam adalah peradaban yang dibangun di atas dasar aqidah Islam, bertujuan sesuai maksud-maksud (maqashid) syariah, dan diwujudkan dengan mencontoh perbuatan (sunnah) Nabi Muhammad, para shahabatnya serta rambu-rambu halal dan haram.  Islam berada di puncak peradaban saat sistem Khilafah masih tegak, meski mengalami pasang surut.  Pada tulisan ini dibahas kondisi dunia sains dan teknologi terkini di Indonesia dan dunia, komparasinya dengan sistem Islam saat berada di puncak peradaban, dan tawaran solutif pengembangan sains dan teknologi saat ini.
Prinsip Dasar Falsafah Akhlak Omar Mohammad Al-Toumy Al-Syaibany dan Implikasinya dalam Pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Bin Tata Rosita Tatang Hidayat , Syahidin Syahidin , Rizal Ahmad Syamsu
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan membahas prinsip-prinsip dasar falsafah akhlak Omar Mohammad Al-Toumy Al-Syaibany dan implikasinya dalam pendidikan di Indonesia. Pendekatan pembahasan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, prinsip dasar akhlak Omar Mohammad Al-Toumy Al-Syaibany terdiri dari 6 prinsip. Pertama, percaya  pentingnya akhlak dalam hidup. Kedua, percaya bahwa akhlak itu sikap yang mendalam dalam jiwa. Ketiga, percaya bahwa akhlak ialah mencapai kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat bagi individu dan masyarakat. Keempat, percaya tujuan akhlak ialah mencapai kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat bagi individu dan masyarakat. Kelima, percaya akhlak itu sesuai dengan fitrah manusia. Keenam, percaya teori akhlak tidak sempurna kecuali ditentukan sebagian konsep-konsep asas seperti akhlak hati nurani, paksaan akhlak, hukum akhlak, tanggung jawab akhlak, dan ganjaran akhlak. Implikasinya, pendidikan akhlak sangat penting untuk dijadikan instrumen pokok dalam menentukan kebijakan pada semua jenjang pendidikan di berbagai institusi pendidikan.
This paper aims to discuss the basic principles of akhlaq philosophy of Omar Mohammad Al-Toumy Al-Syaibany and its implications in education in Indonesia. The discussion approach uses qualitative methods and literature studies. Based on the results of the discussion, Omar Mohammad Al-Toumy Al-Syaibany’s basic prinsiples of akhlaq consist of 6 principles. First, believe in the importance of akhlaq in life. Second, believe that akhlaq is a deep attitude in the soul. Third, believe that akhlaq are to achieve world and the hereafter happiness for individuals and society. Fourth, believe the goal of akhlaq is to achieve happiness of the world and the hereafter for individuals and society. Fifth, believe akhlaq is accordance with human nature. Sixth, believe akhlaq theory is imperfect unless it is determined in part by basic concepts such as akhlaq conscience, akhlaq coercion, akhlaq law, akhlaq responsibility, and akhlaq rewards. The implication is that akhlaq education is very important to be used as the main instrument in determining policy at all levels of education in various educational institutions.
WAR: Democracy's Lengthened Hand
Authors: Djaja Andrian Willyan
Published: July 2020

Democracy and monarchy are often considered counterparts, and people tend to choose the free-will-conserving democracy rather than the stiff monarchy. The United States of America gives all they have to spread democracy to the world, even using militaristic way. It is obvious that America forces their democracy to be played by countries of the world, through the war as a way, and politics as another way. In short, war is just a tool for America to spread democracy to the whole world.

Demokrasi dan monarki sering dianggap bertentangan, dan orang-orang cenderung memilih demokrasi yang mempertahankan kebebasan memilih daripada monarki yang kaku. Amerika Serikat berupaya keras untuk menyebarkan demokrasi ke seluruh dunia, bahkan menggunakan cara militer. jelas bahwa Amerika memaksakan demokrasi mereka untuk digunakan negara-negara di seluruh dunia, melalui perang sebagai salah satu cara, dan politik sebagai cara lainnya. Singkatnya, perang hanyalah salah satu cara yang digunakan Amerika untuk menyebarkan demokrasi ke seluruh dunia.
Keberlanjutan Keberkahan pada Komunitas Bisnis Kuliner: CDA
Authors: Nugraha Tubagus Chaeru
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian  ini adalah mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai religius sebagai sebab keberkahan bisnis.  Orientasi bisnis biasanya hanya  pada tujuan profit, benefit,  pertumbuhan, dan keberlanjutan/ keberlangsungan. Dalam artikel ini diungkapkan konsep keberlanjutan bisnis yang berkah. Data diambil dari komunitas bisnis kuliner sebagai contoh empiris yang terdapat di kabupaten Bandung, kecamatan Cileunyi.  Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Agar hasil penelitiannya akurat, maka ditempuh dalam tiga langkah. Pertama, penyediaan data dengan metode simak-cakap dengan teknik kuisioner dan wawancara. Kedua, metode analisis  yang digunakan secara eklektik antara  Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) pada tataran makro dan analisis prosentase. Ketiga, hasil analisis disajikan dalam tabel dan diberikan penjelasan secara deskriptif pada  istilah-istilah ekonomi berbasis nilai-nilai religius. Nilai-nilai religious penyebab keberkahan adalah keimanan dan ketaqwaan. Dalam Al-Qur'an ada empat  tema  'keberkahan', yaitu: (1) Mengimani Al-Qur'an dan mengamalkannya; (2)  semua tempat orang yang beriman-bertaqwa, dan saling mendoakan; (3) Mu'jizat para Nabi; dan (4) mengikuti Sunnatu Allah.   Rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perlunya revitalisasi nilai-nilai religious dalam aplikasi bisnis di masyarakat kabupaten Bandung, antara lain  pada komunitas bisnis Cipacing, Cileunyi.

 

The purpose of this study is to describe religious values as a factor of business blessing. Business orientation is usually only for profit, benefit, growth, and sustainability goals. In this article, the concept of business sustainability is revealed. The data is collected from the culinary business community as an empirical example found in Bandung regency, Cileunyi district. This study also applies descriptive analysis method. In order to have accurate results, the steps of method are conducted in three steps. First, the provision of data with the method of conversation with questionnaire and interview techniques. Second, the analytical method used eclectically between Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) at the macro level and percentage analysis. Third, the results of the analysis are presented in a table and given a descriptive explanation on economic terms based on religious values. The religious values that cause blessing are faith and devotion. In Qur'an there are four themes of 'blessing', namely: (1) Believing in Qur'an and practicing it; (2) all places are faithful, and pray for one another; (3) Miracles of the Prophets; and (4) following the Sunnatu Allah. The recommendation in this study is the need to revitalize religious values in business applications in Bandung regency community, including business community in Cipacing, Cileunyi.
Perhutanan Sosial di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Gessa Gamin
Published: July 2020

Indonesia adalah negara pertanian dengan jumlah petani mencapai 44% dari total angkatan kerja atau sekitar 46,7 juta jiwa pada tahun 2009. Pada 2014 lahan pertanian yang tersedia sekitar 41,5 juta hektar sementara 63% wilayah adalah kawasan hutan. Luas lahan petani pada tahun 2017 rata-rata 0,36 hektar. Hal ini mendorong tingginya kemiskinan Indonesia yang tinggi dengan penduduk miskin sebanyak 27,77 juta orang atau 10,64 % dari jumlah total penduduk. Indek Pembangunan Manusia pada level 0,685 (kategori menengah). Upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat dilakukan melalui pelibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan hutan. Praktek perhutanan sosial telah dimulai sejak tahun 1982 dengan berbagai perubahan skema. Program perhutanan sosial berdasarkan kebijakan yang ada sejak tahun 2007 hingga 2016 adalah Pengelolaan Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat, Hutan Desa, Hutan Kemasyarakatan, Hutan Tanaman Rakyat, dan Kemitraan, serta Hutan Adat. Perhutanan sosial dirasakan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan baik yang telah dirasakan maupun yang masih potensial di lapangan. Secara kelestarian hutan, perhutanan sosial dapat meningkatkan variasi jenis tanaman dan meningkatkan penutupan lahan. Perhutanan sosial juga dapat mengurangi konflik tenurial melalui  penyerapan tenaga kerja, pemberian rasa aman dan pemberian ketenangan berusaha pada kawasan hutan. Pendampingan kepada pelaku perhutanan sosial dan pemastian tidak terjadi pemindahan hak kelola merupakan pelajaran penting dari penelitian ini.

 

Indonesia is an agricultural country with a number of farmers reaching 44% of the total workforce or around 46.7 million in 2009. In 2014 the available agricultural land was around 41.5 million hectares while 63% of the area was forested. The land area of farmers in 2017 averages 0.36 hectares. This has led to a high rate of Indonesian poverty with a poor population of 27.77 million people or 10.64% of the total population. Human Development Index at level 0.685 (middle category). Efforts to improve community welfare are carried out through community involvement in forest management. Social forestry practices have been started since 1982 with various schema changes. Social forestry programs based on existing policies from 2007 to 2016 are Community Based Forest Management, Village Forests, Community Forests, Community Plantation Forests, and Partnerships, and Customary Forests. Social forestry is felt to be able to increase both perceived and potential income in the field. In terms of forest sustainability, social forestry can increase variety of crops and increase land cover. Social forestry can also reduce tenurial conflicts through labor absorption, providing security and providing business peace in the forest area. Assistance to social forestry actors and ensuring that there is no transfer of management rights is an important lesson from this research.
Proses Pengambilan Keputusan Efektif Islami di Sekolah (Studi Kasus di MTs al-Imam Cikembar Kab. Sukabumi)
Authors: Rahma Farida Nur , Kusumah Mada Wijaya
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menemukan prinsip-prinsip dalam proses pengambilan keputusan yang efektif dan Islami. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi lapangan (field research) dan studi pustaka (library research). Dari kajian lapangan di MTs Al- Imam peneliti menemukan masalah dalam proses pengambilan keputusan berupa tidak ada pembagian kewenangan yang jelas sehingga terjadi dualisme kepemimpinan. Ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan struktural MTs Al-Imam yaitu: (1) Pembagian kewenangan yang jelas, (2) Pengelolaan akademik sekolah/madrasah itu percayakan pada ahli/praktisi, (3) Menjadikan hukum Islam sebagai pedoman pengambilan keputusan agar tidak terjadi kejanggalan kebijakan (4) Menggali informasi akademik dari praktisi, (5) Menjalankan musyawarah mufakat.

The purpose of the research is to discover principles in the decision-making process is effective and Islami. This research using the method of the study field (field research) and studies library (library research). Whereas through fieldwork in MTs Al-Imam researchers found the problem in the decision-making process of which there is no clear division of authority so dualism leadership. So there are some things to watch out for structural MTs Al-Imam, namely: (1) there is a clear division of authority, (2) in the management of madrasah school/academic trust in experts/practitioners, (3) make Islamic law as the guideline retrieval the decision to keep policy gaffe occurred (4) academic information Dug from practitioners, (5) Discussion consensus.
Analisis Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Program Akselerasi
Authors: Parlina Ika , Syahidin Syahidin , Rahmat Munawar
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di sebuah sekolah yang memiliki program akselerasi. Dalam proses pembelajaran terdapat tiga aspek penting yaitu perencanaan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan langsung, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan triagulasi. Teknik analisis data dengan cara reduksi data, paparan data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di SD Ar-Rafi Baleendah perencanaan pembelajaran secara teksis sama seperti pada sekolah SD reguler pada umumnya. Sementara pelaksanaan pembelajaran dilaksanakan dengan cara lebih menekankan pada materi esensial dan materi non-esensial. Sedangkan untuk evaluasi pembelajaran terdapat perbedaan waktu untuk menyelesaikan pendidikan bagi anak berbakat ini lebih cepat dibandingkan anak reguler pada umumnya, yakni lima tahun sebagaimana yang diprogramkan. Implikasinya, guru pendidikan agama Islam harus mampu mengkombinasikan antara perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta evaluasi pembelajaran yang dapat  mengembangkan potensi siswa berbakat menuju manusia yang mulia. Bukan hanya dengan penguasaan kognitif saja, akan tetapi perlu adanya afeksi serta psikomotroik secara optimal.

 

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic religious education learning in a school that has an accelerated program. In the learning process there are three important aspects namely learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation. The method used in this research is descriptive method through a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through direct observation, interviews, study documentation, and triagulation. Data analysis techniques by data reduction, data exposure, drawing conclusions and verification. Based on the results of the discussion of Islamic religious education learning in Ar-Rafi Baleendah Elementary School the planning of learning is textually the same as in regular elementary schools in general. While the implementation of learning is carried out by way of more emphasis on essential and non-essential material. While for the evaluation of learning there is a difference in time to complete education for gifted children is faster than regular children in general, which is five years as programmed. The implication, Islamic religious education teachers must be able to combine in terms of planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning that can develop the potential of gifted students towards noble human beings. Not only with cognitive mastery, but also the need for affection and psychomotor optimally.
Implementation of Islamic Religious Value on Governance of Law and Environmental Issue
Authors: Soleh Mochamad Arief , Nugraha Tubagus Chaeru , Nurhilal Otong , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka
Published: July 2020

Social environment is changing rapidly coincide with rapid change of human thinking in solving any problems. The thinking is underlying human activity in their life, so that it needs a guidance of thinking in facing every change in the life. Padjadjaran University (Unpad) as part of educational state has a guidance to support national development which is presented in principal scientific pattern (PSP) consisted of strengthen law and environmental issue. The rise opinions to restore Islamic religious values in the social order such as growing of Islamic banking system have proven its superiority at any challenges of finance problem. Therefore this paper tries to illustrate the superiority of Islamic values that are integrally introduced into PSP of Unpad's vision and mission. One of Islamic religious value has been listed in maqasid sharia is to maintaining human mind (Hifz Al Aql) in thinking and behavior and also to maintaining harmonious environment for good living. Hopefully, all of activities in the academic community of Unpad could be able to rely on Islamic PSP as a guidance in every academic activities, moreover to bring Islam blessings and prosperity for all (rahmatan lilalamiin) at the Unpad.
The Rise of Cyber Warfare
Authors: Djaja Andrian Willyan
Published: July 2020

A war in cyber domain has been already started, and its impact is quite devastating. Dangers arisen from the new kind of war ranged from economic disaster such financial accounts shutted or locked, technological problems, for example personal computer hacking and thievery of important data, also includes hacking into a country’s defense system and its use for personal benefit of a country or organization. The recent rise of 5G technology increases the possibility of these dangers to happen in real world. China currently holds the best 5G technology in the world in the hands of its leading company, Huawei. Heated politics between the US and China makes the possibility for China to use its technological advantage against its Western rivals and the whole world becomes very big. The US and its allies will definitely be retaliating against China with their own cyber weaponry, resulting in a large scale cyber warfare.
Muslimpreneur Intentions: Analysis of Family Background
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Rahayu Agus , Wardhani Yuranita Pramudya
Published: July 2020

This research is based on the phenomenon of the problem of high unemployment and low Muslim entrepreneurship in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to analyze and predict the influence of family background on the intention of the muslimpreneur. The population in this study is students of MA / SMA boarding schools in the city of Bandung. The sampling technique used was a non-probability-accidental sampling technique of 100 people. The method used is causal with a quantitative approach. The data analysis technique used is Patrial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that family background had a positive and significant effect on Muslimpreneur intentions in students of MA / SMA Pesantren in Bandung. The implication in this study is the higher the influence of family background, it will affect the intentions of Islamic entrepreneurship on students.
Penilaian Autentik dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Idris Mimi Musmiroh , Asyafah Abas
Published: July 2020

Kajian ini merupakan studi literatur yang membahas tentang penilaian autentik dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam. Penilaian yang selama ini digunakan dalam proses penilaian di sekolah adalah penilaian tradisional, yang cenderung menilai aspek kognitif, dan mengabaikan aspek afektif dan psikomotor. Penilaian seharusnya dapat menilai seluruh aspek yaitu sikap, keterampilan, dan pengetahuan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk mendeskripsikan penilaian autentik dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Hasil dari kajian ini merupakan deskripsi dari penilaian autentik sebagai suatu proses evaluasi terhadap hasil belajar dan kinerja peserta didik dalam mengaplikasikannya di kehidupan nyata. Hal ini dipandang penting karena peserta didik ditantang untuk menerapkan pengetahuan dan keterampilannya dalam situasi yang nyata. Hal ini dikarenakan melalui penilaian autentik guru juga dapat mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman dan kemampuan peserta didik. Dengan penilaian autentik guru akan mengetahui perkembangan peserta didik dari data yang dikumpulkan. Dalam penggunaan penilaian autentik guru dianjurkan dapat mengoperasikan komputer, karena format penilaian yang menggunakan rubrik, dan guru juga harus siap dengan pembuatan format-format penilaian yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi peserta didik.

This study is a literature study that discusses authentic assessment in the learning of Islamic religious education. Assessment that has been used in the assessment process at school is a traditional assessment, which tends to assess cognitive aspects, and ignores the affective and psychomotor aspects. Assessment should be able to assess all aspects, namely attitudes, skills, and knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to describe authentic assessments in the learning of Islamic Religious Education. The results of this study are descriptions of authentic assessments as an evaluation process of learning outcomes and student performance in applying it in real life. This is considered important because students are challenged to apply their knowledge and skills in real situations. This is because through authentic assessment teachers can also find out the extent of students' understanding and ability. With authentic assessment, the teacher will know the development of students from the data collected. In the use of authentic assessment, teachers are recommended to be able to operate computers, because the assessment format uses rubrics, and the teacher must also be prepared by making assessment formats used to evaluate students.
Growth Mindset of Quality Management in an Islamic School
Authors: Kodrat Dr. Denny
Published: July 2020

The work aims at clarifying how the growth mindset plays a vital role in quality management at the Islamic school. As an active response towards industrial revolution 4.0, an Islamic school is faced with complex external challenges, from the issue of radicalism, anti-multiculturalism to tight competitiveness with the public (general) school. An Islamic school tends to feel satisfied with the output that school graduates are Al-Quran memorizers, while the school seems to ignore the input and process. At the same time, the government has stipulated the regulation dealing with national education standards being followed by educational stakeholders. Eight national educational standards become a reference in Islamic school quality management. The school is urged to provide human resources to meet the requirements. Library research was intensively carried out. Growth mindset becomes an essential basis in Islamic schools in developing quality concern as a total quality management philosophy requires continuous improvement tradition. Without a growth mindset in quality management at Islamic schools, quality improvement and school competitiveness are difficult to reach. This manuscript employed some theoretical references, such as mindset and quality.
Educação financeira escolar: uma proposta para o ensino médio
Authors: Moraes Aline Reissuy de , Santos Melina Nymann dos , Santos Arieli Dos , Pereira Luiz Henrique Ferraz
Published: July 2020

Este artigo busca mostrar possíveis associações de aspectos da Educação Financeira com as aulas de Matemática Financeira, no Ensino Médio, com a intenção de propiciar aos estudantes deste nível de ensino, conhecimentos que possam lhes dar mais autonomia e segurança em relação a sua vida financeira. Trata-se de uma proposta de ensino, embasada teoricamente em Paulo Freire, pois a este autor deve-se a concordância de visão de mundo alicerçadas em pesquisa, bom senso, curiosidade e esperança, principalmente no que diz respeito à educação autônoma, emancipadora e democrática. Nesta perspectiva, a proposta é uma Sequência Didática apoiada metodologicamente na Engenharia Didática, aplicada por uma das autoras deste artigo em três turmas de terceiro ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual. Os resultados denotam, quanto a sua potencialidade, que os objetivos foram alcançados, conforme as análises, isto é, os alunos demonstraram terem compreendido a importância de se ter uma vida financeiramente saudável, bem como, a elaboração e utilização do planejamento para alcançar seus sonhos que dependem de recursos financeiros.
Desafios para o professor de ciências e matemática revelados pelo estudo da BNCC do ensino médio
Authors: Castro George Anderson Macedo , Santo Cláudia Fernandes Andrade do Espírito , Barata Rouziclayde Castelo , Almouloud Saddo Ag
Published: July 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar e analisar os principais desafios docentes presentes nas habilidades das áreas de Ciências da Natureza e Matemática da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, levando-se em consideração a formação inicial de professores. É um estudo de cunho teórico com uma perspectiva documental, pois se apoia na análise da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do Ensino Médio. O presente estudo, que surgiu a partir das reflexões realizadas na disciplina de Formação de Professores, no curso de Doutorado do Instituto de Educação Matemática e Científica (IEMCI) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), pretende contribuir para a área de pesquisa de formação inicial e continuada de professores lançando um olhar sobre um documento sobre o qual ainda pouco se estudou, a BNCC do Ensino Médio, documento que é hoje a principal orientação curricular para esse nível de ensino. Pautada na proposta de desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades, a BNCC trouxe consigo grandes desafios para a formação inicial de professores de Ciências e Matemática. Em busca de identificar e discutir os principais desafios em cada uma dessas áreas de conhecimento, analisamos 23 habilidades relacionadas às Ciências da Natureza, distribuídas em três competências, e 45 habilidades da área de Matemática, distribuídas em cinco competências. Da análise das habilidades de Ciências da Natureza, destacamos três pontos fundamentais que consideramos grandes desafios para a formação de professores dessa área: a contextualização, a interdisciplinaridade e a capacidade de intervir diretamente na realidade, em problemas de ordem social, por intermédio da preposição de soluções. Por sua vez, da análise das habilidades da área de Matemática, evidenciamos a capacidade de interpretar e construir uma visão integrada da matemática aplicada à realidade, em diferentes contextos, levando em conta o avanço tecnológico que é exigido do mercado de trabalho.
Phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of plants extracts compared with two commercial antibiotics against E coli responsible for avian colibacillosis in Benin
Authors: Sessou Philippe , Yaovi Bruno Ayaovi , Yovo Mahudro , Gamedjo Judicaël , Dossa François , Aguidissou Oscar Nestor , Boko Kadoeito Cyrille , Alitonou Guy , Farougou Souaïbou , Sohounhloue Dominique
Published: July 2020

Despite its prominent place in development strategies, poultry breeding faces many constraints, including pathological ones. Among pathologies that affect poultry, colibacillosis is one of the most diseases that are communicable to humans and associated with heavy economic losses. To fight efficiently against avian colibacillosis, the work aimed to evaluate antimicrobial potential evaluation of non-volatile extracts of Euphorbia hirta and Psidium guajava, as well as the essential oils of Clausena anisata and Aeollanthus pubescens extracts and two commercial antibiotics namely tetracolivit and Oxytetracyclin against Escherichia coli. To achieve this goal, susceptibility tests were performed on a strain of E. coli using agar diffusion and microdilution methods. Results obtained showed that essential oils from Clausena anisata and non-volatile extracts tested were not active on E coli. However, the essential oils extracted from Aeollanthus pubescens were active on the E. coli with MIC of 0.44 ± 0.21 mg/ml and MBC of 0.87 ± 0.41mg / ml for the oil of the whole part, followed respectively by flower oil  (MBC = 0.99 mg/ml) and leaf stem oil (MBC= 1.62 mg / ml). Comparing the activity of the essential oils of Aeollanthus with antibiotics tested, we noticed that tetracolivit was more active with MBC =0.15±0.07mg/ml on E. coli than these extracts which were more active than Oxytetracyclin (MBC=2.34±1.11mg/ml). In sum, the study showed that for a better management of avian collibacillosis in Benin, the tetracolivit is suitable as antibiotic which can be substituted by Aeollanthus pubescens essential oils.
Ethanobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Zizyphus nummularia (Burm. F.): A Review
Authors: Aggarwal Babita , Sharma Pankaj , Lamba HS
Published: July 2020

Zizyphus nummularia (Burm. F.), Family: Rhamnaceae, is widely distributed in dry regions of India. It is a bushy weed used as folk medicine. The plant is valued for its nutritional edible fruits. Traditionally, it is used in mental retardation, fever, diarrhea, dysentery. The plant has been evaluated for various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifertility activity. Present review discusses phytochemistry and pharmacological aspects of the drug.
The potential of Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 data to reduce the uncertainties in CO2 surface fluxes over Australia using a variational assimilation scheme
Authors: Villalobos Yohanna , Rayner Peter , Thomas Steven , Silver Jeremy
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This paper addresses the question of how much uncertainties in CO2 fluxes over Australia can be reduced by assimilation of total-column carbon dioxide retrievals from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite instrument. We apply a four-dimensional variational data assimilation system, based around the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) transport-dispersion model. We ran a series of observing system simulation experiments to estimate posterior error statistics of optimized monthly-mean CO2 fluxes in Australia. Our assimilations were run with a horizontal grid resolution of 81 km using OCO-2 data for 2015. Based on four representative months, we find that the integrated flux uncertainty for Australia is reduced from 0.52 to 0.13 Pg C yr−1. Uncertainty reductions of up to 90 % were found at grid-point resolution over productive ecosystems. Our sensitivity experiments show that the choice of the correlation structure in the prior error covariance plays a large role in distributing information from the observations. We also found that biases in the observations would significantly impact the inverted fluxes and could contaminate the final results of the inversion. Biases in prior fluxes are generally removed by the inversion system. Biases in the boundary conditions have a significant impact on retrieved fluxes, but this can be mitigated by including boundary conditions in our retrieved parameters. In general, results from our idealized experiments suggest that flux inversions at this unusually fine scale will yield useful information on the carbon cycle at continental and finer scales.
Rapid increase in summer surface ozone over the North China Plain during 2013–2019: a side effect of particulate matters reduction control?
Authors: Ma Xiaodan , Huang Jianping , Zhao Tianliang , Liu Cheng , Zhao Kaihui , Xing Jia , Xiao Wei
Published: July 2020

Abstract. While the elevated ambient levels of particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM2.5) are alleviated largely with the implementation of effective emission control measures, an opposite trend with a rapid increase is seen in surface ozone (O3) in the North China Plain (NCP) region over the past several years. It is critical to determine the real culprit causing such a large increase in surface O3. In this study, seven-year surface observations and satellite retrieval data are analyzed to determine the long-term change in surface O3 as well as driving factors. Results indicate that anthropogenic emission control strategies and changes in aerosol concentrations as well as aerosol optical properties such as single-scattering albedo (SSA) are the most important factors driving such a large increase in surface O3. Numerical simulations with National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Master Mechanism (MM) model suggest that reduction of O3 precursor emissions and aerosol radiative effect accounted for 45 % and 23 % of the total change in surface O3 in summertime during 2013–2019, respectively. Planetary boundary layer (PBL) height with an increase of 0.21 km and surface air temperature with an increase of 2.1 °C contributed 18 % and 12 % to the total change in surface O3, respectively. The combined effect of these factor was responsible for the rest change. Decrease in SSA or strengthened absorption property of aerosols may offset the impact of AOD reduction on surface O3 substantially. While the MM model enables quantification of individual factor's percentage contributions, it requires further refinement with aerosol chemistry included in the future investigation. The study indicates an important role of aerosol radiative effect in development of more effective emission control strategies on reduction of ambient levels of O3 as well as alleviation of national air quality standard exceedance events.