bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular disease risk and pathophysiology in South Asians: can longitudinal multi-omics shed light?
Authors: Sun Yan V. , Liu Chang , Staimez Lisa , Ali Mohammed K. , Chang Howard , Kondal Dimple , Patel Shivani , Jones Dean , Mohan Viswanathan , Tandon Nikhil , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Quyyumi Arshed A. , Narayan K. M. Venkat , Agrawal Anurag
Published: October 2020

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in South Asia, with rapidly increasing prevalence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia over the last two decades. Atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) affects South Asians earlier in life and at lower body weights, which is not fully explained by differential burden of conventional risk factors. Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome of heterogeneous structural phenotypes including two major clinical subtypes, HF with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The prevalence of HF in South Asians is also rising with other metabolic diseases, and HFpEF develops at younger age and leaner body mass index in South Asians than in Whites. Recent genome-wide association studies, epigenome-wide association studies and metabolomic studies of ASCVD and HF have identified genes, metabolites and pathways associated with CVD traits. However, these findings were mostly driven by samples of European ancestry, which may not accurately represent the CVD risk at the molecular level, and the unique risk profile of CVD in South Asians. Such bias, while formulating hypothesis-driven research studies, risks missing important causal or predictive factors unique to South Asians. Importantly, a longitudinal design of multi-omic markers can capture the life-course risk and natural history related to CVD, and partially disentangle putative causal relationship between risk factors, multi-omic markers and subclinical and clinical ASCVD and HF. In conclusion, combining high-resolution untargeted metabolomics with epigenomics of rigorous, longitudinal design will provide comprehensive unbiased molecular characterization of subclinical and clinical CVD among South Asians. A thorough understanding of CVD-associated metabolomic profiles, together with advances in epigenomics and genomics, will lead to more accurate estimates of CVD progression and stimulate new strategies for improving cardiovascular health.
Botulism outbreak after the consumption of vegetarian pâté in the south of Viet Nam
Authors: Ngan Nguyen Thi Thuy , Tho Vo Ngoc Anh , Khanh Do Thi Ngoc , Hien Vo Thi Thanh , Day Jeremy N. , Sang Nguyen Ngoc , Tam Hua Thoai , Thanh Ho Thi Chi , Hung Le Quoc
Published: October 2020

Botulism is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum. Here we reported a case series of six patients who presented with botulism following ingestion of commercially made pâté. The key features of presentation were acute onset of bilateral cranial nerve palsies and symmetrical descending weakness in the absence of fever resulting in the need for mechanical ventilation in all six patients. The clinical diagnosis of botulism was confirmed through the identification of C. botulinum from the suspected food source.  Given that botulinum antitoxin was not available in Vietnam at the time, and their severe status, all patients received a trial of plasma exchange therapy, but no clear benefit was seen.

Due to its rarity, diagnosing botulism is a challenge, demanding high clinical suspicion. Successful outcomes depend upon early recognition and rapid initiation of specific treatment with botulinum antitoxin. There is a need to improve global access to antitoxin.  These cases, the first in Viet Nam, serve as a reminder of the need to maintain the highest possible food hygiene and preservation practices.
Biological traits and population dynamic of Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 1846) in the Marmara Sea, Turkey
Authors: Arslan İhsanoglu Mukadder , İsmen Ali
Published: October 2020

Parapenaeus longirostris is a valuable resource for the crustacean fisheries in the Marmara Sea, therefore, in this study length-weight relationships, growth, mortality, reproduction, recruitment patterns, the probabilities of capture and per recruit analyses were determined. Total 36288 samples were collected by beam trawl between September 2011 and July 2014 in 229 sampling stations. The total length (TL), body weight (g) and carapace length (CL) values ranged between 34 -175 mm, 0.2 - 28.9 g and 8 - 41 mm, respectively. CL-weight relationship equations were calculated for females, males and combined sexes, respectively, W=0.0023×CL2.5, W=0.0029×CL2.43, W=0.0022×CL2.52. The growth parameters were determined as L∞=199.5 mm, k=0.47, t0=-0.5 in TL, L∞=36.8 mm, k=0.37, t0=-0.69 in CL. L25, L50, and L75 values were found to be 15.15 mm, 16.29 mm, 17.44 mm for males and 16.62 mm, 18.07 mm, 19.52 mm for females. The sexual maturity length for females was found 27.3 mm CL and the exploitation rate was found at 0.62 for the whole population.
Uso del Modelo Autorregresivo de Duración Condicional para predecir la caída del dólar en el mercado cambiario colombiano
Authors: Gallego Escudero Hector Fabio
Published: October 2020

El objetivo fundamental del modelo autorregresivo de duración condicional (ADC) es elmodelamiento de series de tiempo con periodos no equidistantes. Dada la naturaleza leptocúrtica de los retornos de la tasa representativa del mercado (TRM) y el comportamiento de las duraciones asociado a estos, se usó una distribución de Rayleigh con transmutación, que permite aproximar de forma ajustada a una distribución de colas pesadas, coherente con este hecho estilizado en los retornos. Se concluye que el tiempo transcurrido entre caídas del dólar, en promedio, se encuentra entre 3 y 6 días.
Integración urbana y sociocultural de las migraciones: trayectorias de una familia argentino-paraguaya en una ciudad intermedia
Authors: Gavazzo Natalia , Gerbaudo Suárez Débora
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo explora la trayectoria de una familia argentino-paraguaya en Eldorado e indaga sobre un modo particular de integración urbana y sociocultural de los migrantes en esta ciudad intermedia de la provincia argentina de Misiones. En principio, se abordan algunas transformaciones urbanas y poblacionales que derivaron en las características de “intermedia­ción” de esta ciudad. Contemplamos el impacto de las distintas movilidades en su crecimiento y profundizamos en las experiencias de vida de “migrantes históricos” que formaron parte de ese proceso. Finalmente, analizamos las dificultades o posibilidades que encontraron estas/os migrantes para “integrarse” social y culturalmente en la localidad desde su llegada hasta la actualidad. Mediante un enfoque etnográfico de las trayectorias familiares, damos cuenta de la influencia de las migraciones en el crecimiento, la urbanización y el desarrollo cultural en esta ciudad intermedia misionera.
Motivação para a prática de balé clássico por mulheres adultas
Authors: Oliveira Viviane de , Lopes Juliana Siqueira
Published: October 2020

A motivação para a prática de qualquer exercício físico é a base determinante para conhecer a escolha da modalidade, adesão e a desistência da mesma. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores que levam a mulher adulta a escolher o balé clássico enquanto atividade física, bem como verificar se existe associação significativa entre as dimensões motivacionais para a prática do balé segundo o tempo de prática e grupo de idades. Foi aplicado o questionário Inventário de Motivação à Prática Regular de Atividade Física em 42 mulheres que iniciaram a prática do balé clássico após os 18 anos de idade, e que praticam a modalidade em escolas de danças na cidade de Caruaru, Pernambuco. As mulheres optaram pelo balé clássico por diversos motivos, sendo os principais deles prazer e sociabilidade. Além disso, a competitividade foi um fator motivacional que se destacou entre as participantes mais jovens.
Arthroplasty information on the internet
Authors: Davaris Myles T. , Dowsey Michelle M. , Bunzli Samantha , Choong Peter F.
Published: October 2020

Aims

Total joint replacement (TJR) is a high-cost, high-volume procedure that impacts patients’ quality of life. Informed decisions are important for patients facing TJR. The quality of information provided by websites regarding TJR is highly variable. We aimed to measure the quality of TJR information online.

Methods

We identified 10,800 websites using 18 TJR-related keywords (conditions and procedures) across the Australian, French, German and Spanish Google search engines. We used the Health on the Net (HON) toolbar to evaluate the first 150 websites downloaded for every keyword in each language. The quality of information on websites was inspected, accounting for differences by language and tertiles. We also undertook an analysis of English websites to explore types of website providers.

Results

‘Total joint replacement’ had the most results returned (150 million websites), and 9% of websites are HON-accredited. Differences in information quality were seen across search terms (p < 0.001) and tertiles (p < 0.001), but not between languages (p = 0.226). A larger proportion of HON-accredited websites were seen from keywords in the condition and arthroplasty categories. The first tertile contained the highest number of HON-accredited websites for the majority of search terms. Government/educational bodies sponsored the majority of websites.

Conclusion

Clinicians must consider the shortage of websites providing validated information, with disparities in both number and quality of websites for TJR conditions and procedures. As such, the challenge for clinicians is to lead the design of reliable, accurate and ethical orthopaedic websites online and direct patients to them. This stands to reward both parties greatly.
Infection prevention measures for orthopaedic departments during the COVID-2019 pandemic: a review of current evidence
Authors: Baldock Thomas E. , Bolam Scott M. , Gao Ryan , Zhu Mark F. , Rosenfeldt Michael P. J. , Young Simon W. , Munro Jacob T. , Monk A. Paul
Published: October 2020

Aim

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents significant challenges to healthcare systems globally. Orthopaedic surgeons are at risk of contracting COVID-19 due to their close contact with patients in both outpatient and theatre environments. The aim of this review was to perform a literature review, including articles of other coronaviruses, to formulate guidelines for orthopaedic healthcare staff.

Methods

A search of Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, World Health Organization (WHO), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) databases was performed encompassing a variety of terms including ‘coronavirus’, ‘covid-19’, ‘orthopaedic’, ‘personal protective environment’ and ‘PPE’. Online database searches identified 354 articles. Articles were included if they studied any of the other coronaviruses or if the basic science could potentially applied to COVID-19 (i.e. use of an inactivated virus with a similar diameter to COVID-19). Two reviewers independently identified and screened articles based on the titles and abstracts. 274 were subsequently excluded, with 80 full-text articles retrieved and assessed for eligibility. Of these, 66 were excluded as they compared personal protection equipment to no personal protection equipment or referred to prevention measures in the context of bacterial infections.

Results

There is a paucity of high quality evidence surrounding COVID-19. This review collates evidence from previous coronavirus outbreaks to put forward recommendations for orthopaedic surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic. The key findings have been summarized and interpreted for application to the orthopaedic operative setting.

Conclusion

For COVID-19 positive patients, minimum suggested PPE includes N95 respirator, goggles, face shield, gown, double gloves, and surgical balaclava. Space suits not advised. Be trained in the correct technique of donning and doffing PPE. Use negative pressure theatres if available. Minimize aerosolization and its effects (smoke evacuation and no pulse lavage). Minimize further unnecessary patient-staff contact (dissolvable sutures, clear dressings, split casts).
The use of Intentional Replantation to Repair an External Cervical Resorptive Lesion not am Enable to Conventional Surgical Repair
Authors: Tel Kreena Pa , Foschi Federico , Pop Ioana , Patel Shanon , Mannocci Francesco
Published: October 2020

Intentional replantation consists of purposefully extracting a tooth, correcting the defect and replanting it into its original socket. This case report describes how this technique was used to successfully restore an external cervical resorptive (ECR) lesion. A 22-year-old man was diagnosed with ECR of the mandibular right canine following clinical and radiographic examination. CBCT showed the lesion had been initiated distally and extended circumferentially around the root canal. The nature of the resorptive lesion meant that it was inaccessible to repair conventionally in a predictable manner. This report describes how intentional replantation was used to access and restore the lesion with minimal patient cooperation and postoperative discomfort. At an 18-month recall the tooth was clinically sound with no radiographic evidence of inflammatory or replacement root resorption. Intentional replantation should be considered a viable treatment option when ECR is inaccessible and cannot be restored using conventional techniques.
The Dentist of the Future: Dental Surgeon or Oral Physician?
Authors: Lewis Michael A O
Published: October 2020

There is an accepted recognition of the need for the dentist to be able to diagnose and treat the number of older dental patients with more complex health care problems. Therefore in the future, dentists and other dental professionals will need to broaden their role in the delivery of overall health care and the designation of a dentist as an 'oral physician’ as well as a 'dental surgeon’ would seem logical. To deliver this developing role it will be necessary to ensure that undergraduate dental teaching programmes are designed appropriately to provide clinicians with the necessary clinical skills.18
Regonising Ear, Nose and Throat Conditions in the Dentist's Chair
Authors: Thaj Jabin , Vaz Francis
Published: October 2020

The dentist's chair presents an opportunity to pick up ear nose and throat lesions, by virtue of the close proximity of the anatomical areas. Urgent two-week wait referral can expedite assessment and management of head and neck malignancies, thereby improving the prognosis. In this paper, we attempt to highlight the ear, nose and throat (ENT) conditions that need a two week referral, as well as the benign head and neck lesions which can potentially be picked up in a dentist's chair.
Assessment of Neck Lumps in Relation to Dentistry
Authors: Siddiqui Sarah , Osher Jonas
Published: October 2020

Neck lumps have a varied aetiology, from a benign inflammatory cause to the first presenting sign of a malignancy. Patients may present to primary care complaining of a neck lump or they may be identified as an incidental finding during routine examination. This article highlights a structured approach to the initial assessment including history taking, risk factor assessment and clinical examination. Further investigations undertaken in a secondary care setting, such as ultrasound and guided fine needle aspirations, are then discussed. The common congenital, inflammatory, infective, vascular and neoplastic causes of neck lumps and their management and specialist referral pathway are discussed.
Salivary Gland Diseases: Presentation and Investigation
Authors: Brown Jackie E
Published: October 2020

A number of salivary gland diseases may present with a wide variety of symptoms to the general dental practitioner, or may appear as unexpected findings on dental radiographs. Careful clinical examination in combination with appropriate imaging will assist practitioners in identifying whether further investigation or referral is required. This article explores the main types of salivary gland diseases and their potential pathology.
'IF it Ain't in the Notes…’ Dental Record-keeping in Adversity
Authors: Henderson Stephen
Published: October 2020

There are some dento-legal mantras that have, by default, come to be understood as the truth, for example: “If it ain't in the notes, it didn't happen” and “Good records, good defence; poor records, poor defence; no records, no defence.” The opposite view was offered by the trial judge in a dental clinical negligence case in recent years. The judge's view can be summed up as: “If you don't make a note of something that has happened, you leave yourself at risk of proceedings like these.”
Demystifying Modern Dental Ceramics
Authors: Butt Kasim , Thanabalan Naren , Ayub Khawer , Bourne George
Published: October 2020

With increasing patient expectation for aesthetic dental restorations, there has been a drive towards developing ceramic materials to meet this expectation. Multiple ceramic systems have been introduced over the past four decades with considerable advances in material properties. Survival rates of all-ceramic crowns differ by type of ceramic used, fabrication method and clinical indication. Zirconia and lithium disilicate are the most commonly used contemporary ceramic materials in dentistry. Survival data for these types of restorations appears to be promising; however, there is a lack of high-quality long-term clinical data on the success of these restorations. In the absence of robust longitudinal clinical research, laboratory studies have provided some useful information on the performance of ceramic restorations. Further high quality long-term clinical studies are needed to inform us of modes of failure of these restorations and the range of clinical circumstances in which each type of ceramic restoration may be used.
Dental Implants for Patients with Periodontitis
Authors: Patel Rajiv M.
Published: October 2020

This article provides a narrative review of the use of dental implants in patients with periodontitis. Using clinical examples where possible, consideration is given to the survival and success of implants, peri-implantitis, comparison of periodontally compromised teeth to implants and to treatment planning to help achieve favourable outcomes.

The challenges associated with restoring an edentulous arch or partially dentate dentition with implants where significant alveolar atrophy has occurred can be considerable. Compromised outcomes may be commonplace.

Dental implant treatment is more likely to be successful for those patients who attain and maintain excellent plaque control. Professional support should focus on managing underlying periodontitis prior to commencing implant therapy and providing long term, regular supportive periodontal care upon completion of treatment.
Laguerre–Gaussian induced temperature and refractive index profiles in thermal lens effect
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Cabrera Humberto , Usman Malik Muhammad , Ashraf Imrana
Published: October 2020

In this work, we present a theoretical model that describes induced temperature and refractive index profiles generated by the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) excitation beam. A comparison between LG and conventional fundamental mode

T
E
M

00

is drawn. It indicates that there is a decrease or increase around the optical axis (

z

,

r

=
0

) in the refractive index by

L
G

1
0

and

L
G

0
5

, thus enabling an enhancement of the refractive index gradient along the radius

r

. The temperature and refractive index profiles produced by the higher-order LG modes are compared with those of a conventional fundamental

T
E
M

00

Gaussian beam. The results indicate that there is an increase along the radius in the refractive index gradient generated by

L
G

1
0

and

L
G

0
5

, which could enhance the sensitivity in photothermal lens detection.
Simulation of optical lattice trap loading from a cold atomic ensemble
Authors: Watson Raymon S. , McFerran John J.
Published: October 2020

We model the efficiency of loading atoms of various species into a one-dimensional optical lattice from a cold ensemble, taking into account the initial cloud temperature and size, the lattice laser properties affecting the trapping potential, and the atomic parameters. Stochastic sampling and dynamical evolution are used to simulate the transfer, leading to estimates of transfer efficiency for varying trap depth and profile. Tracing the motion of the atoms also enables the evaluation of the equilibrium temperature and site occupancy in the lattice. The simulation compares favorably against a number of experimental results and is used to compute an optimum lattice-waist-to-cloud-radius ratio for a given optical power.
Rigorous prediction of Raman intensity from multi-layer films
Authors: Velson Nathan Van , Zobeiri Hamidreza , Wang Xinwei
Published: October 2020

In the Raman probing of multilayer thin film materials, the intensity of the measured Raman scattered light will be impacted by the thickness of the thin film layers. The Raman signal intensity will vary non-monotonically with thickness due to interference from the multiple reflections of both the incident laser light and the Raman scattered light of thin film interfaces. Here, a method for calculating the Raman signal intensity from a multilayer thin film system based on the transfer matrix method with a rigorous treatment of the Raman signal generation (discontinuity) is presented. This calculation methodology is valid for any thin film stack with an arbitrary number of layers with arbitrary thicknesses. This approach is applied to several thin film material systems, including silicon-on-sapphire thin films, graphene on Si with a SiO2 capping layer, and multilayer MoS2 with the presence of a gap between layers and substrate. Different applications where this method can be used in the Raman probing of thin film material properties are discussed.
Correction of range walk error for underwater photon-counting imaging
Authors: Hua Kangjian , Liu Bo , Fang Liang , Wang Huachuang , Chen Zhen , Luo Jiacheng
Published: October 2020

Due to the characteristics of photon-counting LIDAR, there exists range walk error (RWE) when the intensity of the signal fluctuates. In this paper, an effective method to rectify underwater RWE was proposed. The method allows the separation of signal detections from noise detections, and based on a prior model, the method can compensate for RWE. An underwater experiment verified its feasibility and results showed RWE of three parts in a plane was reduced from 75mm to 7mm, from 45mm to 3mm and from 5mm to 0mm, respectively, even when the rate of backscatter photons reached 4.8MHz. The proposed correction method is suitable for high precision underwater photon-counting 3D imaging application, especially when the signal intensity varies sharply.
p53 promotes ZDHHC1-mediated IFITM3 palmitoylation to inhibit Japanese encephalitis virus replication
Authors: Wang Xin , Wu Zhuanchang , Li Yuming , Yang Yifan , Xiao Changguang , Liu Xiqian , Xiang Xiao , Wei Jianchao , Shao Donghua , Liu Ke , Deng Xufang , Wu Jiaqiang , Qiu Yafeng , Li Beibei , Ma Zhiyong
Published: October 2020

The tumor suppressor p53 as an innate antiviral regulator contributes to restricting Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) replication, but the mechanism is still unclear. The interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is an intrinsic barrier to a range of virus infection, whether IFITM3 is responsible for the p53-mediated anti-JEV response remains elusive. Here, we found that IFITM3 significantly inhibited JEV replication in a protein-palmitoylation-dependent manner and incorporated into JEV virions to diminish the infectivity of progeny viruses. Palmitoylation was also indispensible for keeping IFITM3 from lysosomal degradation to maintain its protein stability. p53 up-regulated IFITM3 expression at the protein level via enhancing IFITM3 palmitoylation. Screening of palmitoyltransferases revealed that zinc finger DHHC domain-containing protein 1 (ZDHHC1) was transcriptionally up-regulated by p53, and consequently ZDHHC1 interacted with IFITM3 to promote its palmitoylation and stability. Knockdown of IFITM3 significantly impaired the inhibitory role of ZDHHC1 on JEV replication. Meanwhile, knockdown of either ZDHHC1 or IFITM3 expression also compromised the p53-mediated anti-JEV effect. Interestingly, JEV reduced p53 expression to impair ZDHHC1 mediated IFITM3 palmitoylation for viral evasion. Our data suggest the existence of a previously unrecognized p53-ZDHHC1-IFITM3 regulatory pathway with an essential role in restricting JEV infection and provide a novel insight into JEV-host interaction.
Effectivity of zinc oxide-turmeric extract dressing in stimulating the reepithelization phase of wound healing
Authors: Meizarini Asti , Aryati Aryati , Rianti Devi , Riawan Wibi , Puteri Astari
Published: October 2020

Background and Aim: Reepithelialization can be described as the resurfacing of a wound with new epithelium in the process of healing, with the overlapping step from keratinocyte migration and proliferation to the tissue contraction. Zinc oxide-turmeric extract dressing has been proven to have anti-inflammatory properties, but its effectivity in the reepithelialization process is still unknown. This study aimed to determine the effect of a wound dressing consisting of zinc oxide and turmeric extract on wound reepithelialization by assessing the expression of cytokeratin 14 (CK14), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin). Materials and Methods: A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomized into four control and four treatment groups (n=5 per group). On day 1, a square-shaped full-thickness skin excision measuring 6×6 mm in size was created in the dorsal thoracic area of the rats, and the wounds were either dressed with a combination of zinc oxide and turmeric extract in the treatment groups or left undressed in the control groups. Then, the rats were sequentially sacrificed on days 3, 5, 7, and 14 to obtain subepithelial excision samples, which were subsequently subjected to immunohistochemistry analysis for the expression of CK14, EGFR, and E-cadherin to ascertain wound reepithelization. The data were tabulated and analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference test. Results: The highest expression levels of CK14, EGFR, and E-cadherin were observed on days 7 and 14 in the treatment and control groups, respectively. While the expression levels of these markers on day 7 were found to be significantly higher in the treatment than the control groups, no significant difference in the expression levels on day 14 was detected between the control and treatment groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: A wound dressing consisting of zinc oxide and turmeric extract can help accelerate reepithelization in the wound healing process.
Online Hoaxes, Existential Threat, and Internet Shutdown: A Case Study of Securitization Dynamics in Indonesia
Authors: Lee Antony
Published: October 2020

As one of the countries in the world with the highest growth of internet users, Indonesia is experiencing a rapid growth in social media usage. Some use social media for networking but some others use it to spread hoaxes, fake information, or disinformation. During presidential election in Indonesia in the period from 2017 to 2019, hoaxes and disinformation were widely circulated through social media and instant messaging. This phenomenon has triggered heated public debates on the nexus between digital spaces and security, which include how the online disinformation has threatened Indonesian security. For example, hoaxes were represented in the public sphere as an existential threat to Indonesian unity. Immediate question regarding this phenomenon is:why are online hoaxes and fake information represented in public spheres as a security threat? This paper argues that as a response toward the increase of online hoaxes, there were securitizing moves made by political elites and special agencies in Indonesia before and in the aftermath of the 2019 Indonesian presidential election. Employing discourse analysis of selected relevant news articles around the period of 2017-2019, this paper analyses the dynamic of the securitization of online hoaxes in Indonesia. Grounded within Securitization Theory, this paper analyses; the facilitating condition; the triumvirates of securitizations, which are the securitizing actors, the threats posed by hoaxes, and the audiences; as well as extraordinary measures executed to handle the threats; internet throttling and internet shutdown when necessary.
Mapping Indonesian Muslim Diaspora in the Netherlands
Authors: Aidulsyah Fachri , Gusnelly Gusnelly
Published: October 2020

Since few years ago, Indonesian government has been concerning to gain many benefits from Indonesian diaspora in various regions in the world. There are many events and agendas provided by the government which are aimed to embrace many Indonesian diaspora for giving a great contribution towards their homelands. However, its vision for gaining attention from Indonesian diaspora tends to low because the government do not have Indonesian diaspora maps in details, comprehensive, as well as described by historical trajectory. This paper aims to understand the contribution of Indonesian Muslim diaspora by mapping the role of Indonesian Muslim Organizations in the Netherlands by socio-historical perspectives. The main reasons of the Netherlands as locus of this research are; Indonesian Muslim diaspora are the first actors who promoted Islam faces in this country since 1920s and it also was acknowledged as one of the highest Muslim populated countries in Europe. Afterwards, this paper shows that there are numerous Indonesian Muslim organizations in the Netherlands from different perspectives, mazhabs, and backgrounds. Even though the government did not pillarize Indonesian Muslim organizations, albeit most of them have strong connections with some Muslim organizations in Indonesia, starting from Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) until Salafist Movement.
Indonesia and The International Refugee Crisis: The Politics of Refugee Protection
Authors: Prabaningtyas Raden Ajeng Rizka Fiani
Published: October 2020

This article examines the politics of international refugee protection in Indonesia’s domestic contexts to better understand the discourse of security and protection within the context of Indonesia’s policies and practices in handling refugees This understanding is crucial to find insights relating to the protection gap in the Asia-Pacific region, as Indonesia holds a salient position in advancing the refugee protection regime in the region. Although Indonesia does not seem to employ a specific restrictive asylum and immigration policy as a filtering mechanism to prevent refugee flows from entering their territory, its anxiety and ambivalence to accommodate requests for protection from asylum seekers have characterized its approach towards refugee crises over time. Specifically, this essay analyzed the political discourse and practices in a specific social and political context by historically tracing the experiences of Indonesia in dealing with three refugee crises that took place in the region, namely the Indochinese refugee crisis, the Tampa incident, and the Rohingya humanitarian crisis. It will be argued that the contested discourse and practices of protection in the midst of continuing modulation of insecurity within states are the constitutive factor for the production of state’s approaches to protect refugees. This potentially affected the way states conduct their domestic and foreign policies in the attempt to affirm their national stance towards global refugee phenomena and to avoid greater responsibility without guaranteed cooperative behaviors and solidarity from other counterparts.
Biosimilars in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Buchner Anna M. , Schneider Yecheskel , Lichtenstein Gary R.
Published: October 2020

Over the past 2 decades, biological therapy with monoclonal antibodies targeting tumor necrosis factor-α has become a cornerstone of treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Although clinically effective, the biological therapies remain expensive, and their availability and utilization have been at times limited due to their high costs. Biosimilars are biological products similar to but not identical to the original biological agent or “reference biologic,” also called “originator biologic.” It is hoped that the use of biosimilars might enable these agents to become more available and, thus, decrease further expenditures related to the use of the original reference agents such as infliximab and adalimumab. In this study, we review the currently available evidence and shortcomings of these data supporting the use of biosimilars for the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, including their efficacy and safety as related to initiating therapy with biosimilar agents or switching between reference and biosimilar biologic agents.
Fecal Microbiota Transplants Annually and Their Positive Clinical Impact
Authors: Mamoon Lamia , Olesen Scott W.
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Although fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a recommended, clinically efficacious, and cost-effective treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), the scale of FMT use in the United States is unknown.

METHODS:

We developed a population-level CDI model.

RESULTS:

We estimated that 48,000 FMTs could be performed annually, preventing 32,000 CDI recurrences.

DISCUSSION:

Improving access to FMT could lead to tens of thousands fewer C. difficile episodes per year.
Pancreatitis, Pancreatic Cancer, and Their Metabolic Sequelae: Projected Burden to 2050
Authors: Cho Jaelim , Petrov Maxim S.
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Future burden has been modeled from population-based data for several common gastrointestinal diseases. However, as we enter the third decade in the 21st century, there are no such data on diseases of the pancreas holistically. The study aimed to estimate future incidence of pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP), and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction (EPD) as well as years of life lost (YLL) due to premature death in individuals with those diseases up to 2050.

METHODS:

Historical New Zealand nationwide data on hospital discharge, pharmaceutical dispensing, cancer, and mortality were obtained. Annual incidence of each disease and annual YLLs due to premature death in individuals with each disease were calculated. A time series analysis using the stepwise autoregressive method was conducted.

RESULTS:

Pancreatitis yielded the highest projected incidence (123.7 per 100,000; 95% confidence interval, 116.7–130.7) and YLL (14,709 years; 13,642–15,777) in 2050. The projected incidence and YLL of pancreatic cancer were 18.6 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval, 13.1–24.1) and 14,247 years (11,349–17,144) in 2050, respectively. Compared with pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, DEP and EPD yielded lower but more steeply increasing projected incidence rates and YLLs.

DISCUSSION:

The findings suggest that the burden of pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, DEP, and EPD will rise in the next 3 decades unless healthcare systems introduce effective prevention or early treatment strategies for diseases of the pancreas and their sequelae.
A humilhação intolerante em "Terça-feira gorda", de Caio Fernando Abreu
Authors: Pereira dos Reis Senna Denis
Published: October 2020

Este artigo busca analisar o conto “Terça-Feira Gorda”, parte do livro Morangos Mofados (1982), de Caio Fernando Abreu, pelo viés temático da humilhação. A respeito da humilhação, em suas diferentes nuances, a perspectiva escolhida terá como ponto de partida o envolvimento homoerótico dos dois protagonistas. A humilhação será apresentada como movimento emocional que afeta pontos vulneráveis da afetividade, nesse caso coletiva, diante do envolvimento homoerótico transgressor de valores sociais, como o heterossexismo. Essa humilhação vivida desencadeia nos observadores que também são conservadores o comportamento discriminatório. Posteriormente objetiva-se discorrer sobre a execução do ato violento da homofobia em seu percurso pela raiva destrutiva dos agressores, servindo como produto direto da humilhação interna ao presenciar uma cena contrária a seus limites ideológicos heterossexistas durante a folia de carnaval, provocando uma resposta agressiva contra os protagonistas de tal envolvimento homoerótico do conto, ao ponto de realizar a tentativa de eliminá-los para reestabelecer o status quo admitido.
Entre a cela e a cena: desafios de uma pedagogia teatral e carcerária
Authors: Jacques Marques Laís , Berselli Marcia
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar e problematizar relatos de experiências vivenciadas com Teatro em ambiente carcerário. Primeiramente, relato a vivência que tive como condutora de oficinas no CASE - SM, e posteriormente, analiso o trabalho de Vicente Concílio com internos (as) em presídios nacionais, mas principalmente na Penitenciária Feminina de São Paulo. Concluo relacionando as práticas e questionando o que pode a arte da cena colaborar, em que sentido e para quê, em locais não convencionais, como penitenciárias.
A VOZ, AS MÃOS E A CAMERA
Authors: Coelho Thiago Henrique Fernandes , Ana Elvira Wuo
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a representação do personagem contador de “causos” Eleutério Ferrabrás, interpretado pelo ator Reginaldo Faria, na telenovela Paraíso (2009). Procurando analisar sua performance de contador de “causos” a partir dos estudos de Luciana Hartmann (2011) sobre as performances dos contadores de “causos” na fronteira entre Brasil, Uruguai e Argentina.
Living Hadith in the Practice of Distancing the Line (Ṣaff) in Congregational Prayers during Corona Pandemic
Authors: Syahid Ahmad
Published: October 2020

This is descriptive, qualitative research that explains the practice of distancing the lines (ṣaff) in congregational prayers during the corona pandemic. This research employs phenomenological perspective to do the analysis on the data, particularly the interviews published in online media. Another side of the analysis is the inductive and deductive technique. This research focuses on the ways in which that practice is put into action, the underlying factors, and the impact it poses to the society, particularly the way they face the pandemic. It argues that the practice is a sort of realization of physical distancing to prevent the spreading of the virus and at the same time the real attempt of Indonesian Muslims to observe one of the principal goals of sharia, that is al-muḥāfaẓa ‘alā an-nafs.
The Dialectic of Hadith in Fidyah Tradition in Indramayu
Authors: Sofwan Nurkholis
Published: October 2020

This article describes the dialectic of hadith in fidya tradition in Indramayu. The doctrine of fidya had generated controversies among Muslims in Indramayu, especially the fidya for obligatory daily prayers. However, there are groups of Muslim in Indramayu who believe that fidya is of Islamic teachings a Muslim must observe in his/her daily life. Through observation, interviews, and documentation, also employing the phenomenological and ethnographic perspective, this article gets closer to the tradition and finds that the hadith is seen as a form of iḥtiyāṭ (being careful) with regard to the obligatory prayers and fasting that are yet performed by the death (limited to familial related individuals). This tradition is carried out by giving rice or certain amount of money to the poor, with or without any specific rituals. This brings about some impacts, one of which is the assumption that the tradition serves as a means to help each other, resulting in the fostering of harmony among the society members.
The Concept of Pious Children in The Movie "Surau dan Silek": A Living Hadith Study
Authors: Fajri Muhammad
Published: October 2020

This article delves into the reception of prophetic hadith in the movie “Surau dan Silek”, bringing with itself an assumption that human activities result from the attempts to understand, either textually or contextually, to the Quran and hadith. Employing reception theory, this article finds that the reception of the hadith in the movie “Surau dan Silek” is mostly exegetical and functional. In some cases the text of the hadith appear as part of the dialogue. In some other cases, the audience will only see the figures’ understanding of certain hadith. In either way, the main theme of the hadith dealt with throughout the movie is ‘being a pious child’. The script introduces ‘pious children’ as one of the so-called ‘amal jāriyah (continuous, never ending rewards) and goes on with the quite detail narrative of the characters of the ‘pious children’. This in itself shows that there has been a transformation of religious ideas, from the silent, not moving text in arid manuscripts to the colorful, cheerful yet religious characters. It is the technological development that allows such visual transformation to go off. It thus provides the society with quite new alternative ways to access and further understand prophetic hadith.
Lenguaje y moral en el siglo XVII: la controversia entre jansenistas y jesuitas
Authors: Pamparacuatro Martín Javier
Published: October 2020

Desde una perspectiva emic y de tiempo largo, este artículo examina una cuestión importante de la historia de las ideas religiosas: la controversia sobre moral que libraron jansenistas y jesuitas en el siglo XVII. A tal fin, aborda el estudio de tres obras del círculo de Port-Royal. En primer lugar, reflexiona en torno a la significación de la campaña de las Provinciales, conjunto de epístolas en que Pascal satiriza el laxismo que defendían en moral algunos jesuitas del siglo XVII. Por otra parte, estudia la estrecha unión de lenguaje y moral que llevó a cabo la doctrina de la Lógica y la Gramática de Port- Royal. El trabajo muestra que la abierta y enconada pugna que sostuvieron jansenistas y jesuitas con relación a sus respectivos programas antagónicos de teología, moral y lenguaje, y que se saldó con la derrota final de aquellos, escenifica y simboliza la sustitución de un mundo antiguo por otro nuevo, y prefigura el fenómeno que hoy llamamos crisis de la modernidad.
Estado del agua del río Cesar por vertimientos residuales de la ciudad de Valledupar. Bioindicación por índice BMWP/COL
Authors: Oñate Barraza Hernando Carlos , Cortez Henao Gridis Yulieht
Published: October 2020

Resumen

Objetivo: El objeto de este artículo es cualificar las condiciones de la corriente del río Cesar en la zona de influencia del vertimiento del STAR del municipio de Valledupar, y su relación con los indicadores de contaminación biológica e índice de calidad BMWP.

Metodología: Se establecieron cuatro estaciones de muestreo sobre la corriente del río Cesar: E1 y E2, localizadas aguas arriba de la zona de mezcla de la descarga residual de la ciudad; E3, ubicada en el punto de mezcla del vertimiento y el río; y E4, situada aguas abajo de la descarga. Permitiendo conocer sus características fisicoquímicas y determinar la condición biológica de la corriente según el índice BMWP/COL para los cuatro puntos de muestreo establecidos.

Resultados: En las estaciones E1 y E2, se obtuvieron macroinvertebrados indicadores de aguas limpias y bien oxigenadas, con una clasificación de agua aceptable; mientras que las estaciones E3 y E4, indicadores de aguas contaminadas de calidad dudosa; siendo E4 la más crítica con concentraciones de oxígeno y DBO5 de 4,61 mg/l y 51,42 mg/l, respectivamente.

Conclusiones: La estación E4 evidencia la calidad de agua más contaminada según el índice aplicado, a pesar de la presencia de individuos de los géneros Hemíptera y Trichóptera que reciben una alta puntuación en el índice BMWP. Se da también la aparición de grupos de macroinvertebrados indicadores de aguas de pésima calidad como los dípteros de la familia Ephydriidae, Culicidae y Chironomidae.
Factores que determinan el uso de las TIC en adultos mayores de Chile
Authors: Aguilar-Flores Sandra Marlene , Chiang-Vega Margarita María
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar los factores del uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en los adultos mayores de la provincia de Concepción Chile, basado en el modelo La Teoría Unificada de Adopción y Uso de Tecnología (UTAUT). El estudio se realizó sobre la población de 101 adultos mayores, para el análisis de los datos ycomprobar las hipótesis, se ha estimado un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Las relaciones propuestas, utilizando variables latentes, contribuyen a explicar el Uso de las tecnologías de la información en un 55 % en los adultos mayores. Para disminuir la brecha digital, se puede concluir que sí existen factores que determinan positivamente el uso de las TIC, lo que les facilita tener acceso de forma óptima, de este modo mejoraría su calidad de vida y una real integración digital.
Nociones matemáticas evidenciadas en la práctica cotidiana de un carpintero del sur de Chile
Authors: Castro-Inostroza Angela , Rodríguez-Nieto Camilo Andrés , Aravena-Pacheco Luis , Loncomilla-Gallardo Alexis , Pizarro-Cisternas David
Published: October 2020

A pesar de la riqueza cultural que existe en Chile, son escasos los estudios que relacionan las nociones matemáticas presentes en actividades culturales propias de las zonas como, por ejemplo, lo es la elaboración de muebles. Tomando como base las actividades universales propuestas por Bishop (1999), caracterizamos las nociones matemáticas presentes en el trabajo de un carpintero del sur de Chile mientras elaboraba un mueble tipo cama y en algunas explicaciones sobre la construcción de un barco. Basados en una metodología cualitativa exploratoria con un enfoque etnográfico, concluimos que en el trabajo de confección y elaboración de este tipo de mueble es posible identificar las actividades matemáticas universales. Finalmente, reflexionamos sobre cómo se podrían vincular estas nociones con el currículo chileno y la importancia de relacionar las matemáticas presentes en actividades propias de cada zona en el aula.
Puentes entre conocimientos tradicionales y conocimientos científicos escolares con relación a las plantas medicinales en el grado 8vo del liceo Nuestra Señora de Torcoroma
Authors: Páez-Rincón Duberney , Reyes-Roncancio Jaime Duvan
Published: October 2020

Las dinámicas educativas actuales y la concepción de la ciencia como un sistema cultural evidencian la necesidad de generar nuevas perspectivas de enseñanza de los contenidos biológicos, alejándose de los procesos de formación tradicionales que se enfocan en contenidos temáticos. El presente artículo reúne los resultados de una investigación sobre la implementación de actividades didácticas que permitieron la identificación de los puentes entre conocimientos tradicionales (CT) y los conocimientos científicos escolares (CCE) alrededor de la enseñanza de las propiedades medicinales de las plantas en el grado 8vo del liceo Nuestra Señora del Torcoroma. En el desarrollo del presente trabajo se encontró un cuerpo de saberes escolares que relacionan el uso de 17 especies vegetales como mecanismo de tratamiento para 15 afecciones comunes. De igual manera, se propone una categorización de los puentes entre conocimientos a partir de las posturas de ciencia que muestran los estudiantes y los criterios de validez que asumen para el saber científico y tradicional. Esto permitió identificar: puentes disruptores que se describen como relaciones entre CT y CCE que generan jerarquización y no validación del CT; puentes asimilacioncitas que permiten reconocer el CT, pero no darle un estatus válido como el del CCE; y puentes integradores que validan el CT y lo vinculan con el CCE para difundir un saber holístico. Estos resultados enmarcan a los estudiantes como generadores del diálogo entre saberes y constructores de conocimiento académico, lo cual hace evidente la necesidad de generar propuestas de enseñanza que dignifiquen los conocimientos propios de los grupos sociales y reconozcan la ciencia al igual que un cuerpo de diversidad cultural y epistemológica.
Una aproximación inicial a los resultados de aprendizaje en educación superior
Authors: Ballesteros Ballesteros Vladimir Alfonso
Published: October 2020

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