bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the role of the CB1 toggle switch in interaction networks using molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Ji Sangho , Yang Wonjin , Yu Wookyung
Published: November 2021

The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is a class A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that can exert various effects on the human body through the endocannabinoid system. Understanding CB1 activation has many benefits for the medical use of cannabinoids. A previous study reported that CB1 has two notable residues referred to as the toggle switch, F3.36 and W6.48, which are important for its activation mechanism. We performed a molecular dynamics simulation with a mutation in the toggle switch to examine its role in active and inactive states. We also examined structural changes, the residue–residue interaction network, and the interaction network among helices and loops of wildtype and mutant CB1 for both activation states. As a result, we found that the energetic changes in the hydrogen-bond network of the Na+pocket, extracellular N-terminus–TM2–ECL1–TM3 interface including D2.63–K3.28 salt-bridge, and extracellular ECL2–TM5–ECL3–TM6 interface directly linked to the toggle switch contribute to the stability of CB1 by the broken aromatic interaction of the toggle switch. It makes the conformation of inactive CB1 receptor to be unstable. Our study explained the role of the toggle switch regarding the energetic interactions related to the Na+pocket and extracellular loop interfaces, which could contribute to a better understanding of the activation mechanism of CB1.
Charge transport variation from Bloch–Grüneisen to Mott variable range hopping and transport change due to hydrogenation in Palladium thin films
Authors: Jayakumar Adithya , Dixit Viney , Jose Sarath , Kamble Vinayak B. , Jaiswal-Nagar D.
Published: November 2021

We report a systematic investigation of the differences in charge transport mechanism in ultra-thin nano-island like films of palladium with thickness varying between 5 nm and 3 nm. The thicker films were found to be metallic in a large temperature range with a dominant Bloch–Grüneisen mechanism of charge transport arising due to electron-acoustic phonon scattering. These films were also found to exhibit an additional electron–magnon scattering. At temperatures below 20 K, the two films displayed a metal-insulator transition which was explained using Al’tshuler’s model of increased scattering in disordered conductors. The thinner films were insulating and were found to exhibit Mott’s variable range hopping mechanism of charge transport. The thinnest film showed a linear decrease of resistance with an increase in temperature in the entire temperature range. The island-like thin films were found to display very different response to hydrogenation at room temperature where the metallic films were found to display a decrease of resistance while the insulating films were found to have an increase of resistance. The decrease of resistance was ascribed to a hydrogen induced lattice expansion in the thin films that were at the percolation threshold while the resistance increase to an increase in work function of the films due to an increased adsorption of the hydrogen atoms at the surface sites of palladium.
Short-duration hypothermia completed prior to reperfusion prevents intracranial pressure elevation following ischaemic stroke in rats
Authors: Omileke Daniel , Azarpeykan Sara , Bothwell Steven W. , Pepperall Debbie , Beard Daniel J. , Coupland Kirsten , Patabendige Adjanie , Spratt Neil J.
Published: November 2021

Reperfusion therapies re-establish blood flow after arterial occlusion and improve outcome for ischaemic stroke patients. Intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation occurs 18–24 h after experimental stroke. This elevation is prevented by short-duration hypothermia spanning the time of reperfusion. We aimed to determine whether hypothermia-rewarming completed prior to reperfusion, also prevents ICP elevation 24 h post-stroke. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed on male outbred Wistar rats. Sixty-minute hypothermia to 33 °C, followed by rewarming was induced prior to reperfusion in one group, and after reperfusion in another group. Normothermia controls received identical anaesthesia protocols. ΔICP from pre-stroke to 24 h post-stroke was measured, and infarct volumes were calculated. Rewarming pre-reperfusion prevented ICP elevation (ΔICP = 0.3 ± 3.9 mmHg vs. normothermia ΔICP = 5.2 ± 2.1 mmHg, p = 0.02) and reduced infarct volume (pre-reperfusion = 78.6 ± 23.7 mm3 vs. normothermia = 125.1 ± 44.3 mm3, p = 0.04) 24 h post-stroke. There were no significant differences in ΔICP or infarct volumes between hypothermia groups rewarmed pre- or post-reperfusion. Hypothermia during reperfusion is not necessary for prevention of ICP rise or infarct volume reduction. Short-duration hypothermia may be an applicable early treatment strategy for stroke patients prior to- during-, and after reperfusion therapy.
Comparing gut resistome composition among patients with acute Campylobacter infections and healthy family members
Authors: Hansen Zoe A. , Cha Wonhee , Nohomovich Brian , Newton Duane W. , Lephart Paul , Salimnia Hossein , Khalife Walid , Shade Ashley , Rudrik James T. , Manning Shannon D.
Published: November 2021

Campylobacter commonly causes foodborne infections and antibiotic resistance is an imminent concern. It is not clear, however, if the human gut ‘resistome’ is affected by Campylobacter during infection. Application of shotgun metagenomics on stools from 26 cases with Campylobacter infections and 44 healthy family members (controls) identified 406 unique antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) representing 153 genes/operons, 40 mechanisms, and 18 classes. Cases had greater ARG richness (p < 0.0001) and Shannon diversity (p < 0.0001) than controls with distinct compositions (p = 0.000999; PERMANOVA). Cases were defined by multidrug resistance genes and were dominated by Proteobacteria (40.8%), specifically those representing Escherichia (20.9%). Tetracycline resistance genes were most abundant in controls, which were dominated by Bacteroidetes (45.3%) and Firmicutes (44.4%). Hierarchical clustering of cases identified three clusters with distinct resistomes. Case clusters 1 and 3 differed from controls containing more urban and hospitalized patients. Relative to family members of the same household, ARG composition among matched cases was mostly distinct, though some familial controls had similar profiles that could be explained by a shorter time since exposure to the case. Together, these data indicate that Campylobacter infection is associated with an altered resistome composition and increased ARG diversity, raising concerns about the role of infection in the spread of resistance determinants.
Valorized deinking paper residue as fill material for geotechnical structures
Authors: Fifer Bizjak Karmen , Likar Barbara , Mladenovič Ana , Zalar Serjun Vesna
Published: November 2021

This study introduces a novel geotechnical composite material comprising two types of fill material sourced from the paper industry—deinking paper sludge ash (DPSA) and deinking paper sludge (DPS). Five composites with different DPSA and DPS contents were investigated. Two composites were selected for further analyses. The technology and procedure for composite installation were implemented in field tests. The composites with 80% and 70% DPSA exhibited the elasticity required to withstand minor landslide slip deformations, in addition to achieving sufficiently high values of uniaxial compressive strength. The composites had a low maximum dry density value, which led to fewer settlements in the entire support structure. The enhanced shear characteristics can enable the construction of a thinner retaining wall. The delay between preparation and installation of the composites was further investigated. The field tests confirmed that the composites with 80% and 70% DPSA can be installed on the construction site 4 h and even 24 h after mixing. In 2018, a retaining wall structure with 70% DPSA and 30% DPS was successfully implemented near a railway line using conventional technology as followed-up research to the herein presented study. Results have been derived from work performed in the scope of the H2020 Paperchain project in which novel circular economy models centered on the valorization of the waste streams generated by the pulp and paper industry as secondary raw material for several resource-intensive sectors, including the construction sector, have been developed. Environmental benefits are savings in natural raw materials, reduction of landfill disposal as well as CO2 emission reduction.
Doping control analysis of small peptides in human urine using LC-HRMS with parallel reaction monitoring mode: screening and confirmation
Authors: Chang Wei , He Genye , Yan Kuan , Wang Zhanliang , Zhang Yufeng , Dong Tianyu , Liu Yunxi , Zhang Lisi , Hong Liu
Published: November 2021

This study described a reliable analytical method, which combines solid-phase extraction with LC-HRMS employing the parallel reaction monitoring mode, for screening and confirming small peptides in human urine.
A novel anti-tumor/anti-tumor-associated fibroblast/anti-mPEG tri-specific antibody to maximize the efficacy of mPEGylated nanomedicines against fibroblast-rich solid tumor
Authors: Chen Michael , Sheu Ming-Thau , Cheng Tian-Lu , Roffler Steve R. , Lin Shyr-Yi , Chen Yi-Jou , Cheng Yi-An , Cheng Jing-Jy , Chang Hsin-Yu , Wu Tung-Yun , Kao An-Pei , Ho Yuan-Soon , Chuang Kuo-Hsiang
Published: November 2021

Clinical nanoparticles were armed with TsAb through a one-step non-covalent modification to achieve the maximal specific killing against TAF-rich solid tumors.
A review on dimensionally controlled synthesis of g-C3N4 and formation of an isotype heterojunction for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Patnaik Sulagna , Mishra Bhagyashree Priyadarshini , Parida Kulamani
Published: November 2021

g-C3N4-based isotype heterojunction towards visible light induced photocatalytic H2 generation.
Thermoelectric transport effects beyond single parabolic band and acoustic phonon scattering
Authors: Wang Heng , Gurunathan Ramya , Fu Chenguang , Cui Runzi , Zhu Tiejun , Snyder G. Jeffrey
Published: November 2021

we review strategies to understand thermoelectric systems that are more complex than a single parabolic band with acoustic phonon scattering.
Non-equilibrium diffusion of dark excitons in atomically thin semiconductors
Authors: Rosati Roberto , Wagner Koloman , Brem Samuel , Perea-Causín Raül , Ziegler Jonas D. , Zipfel Jonas , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Chernikov Alexey , Malic Ermin
Published: November 2021

Combining microscopic theory and spatiotemporal photoluminescence experiments we reveal an unconventional, time-dependent exciton diffusion in atomically thin semiconductors. This behavior originates from hot dark excitons with large excess energies.
First-principles calculations of strain engineering in NaYF4-based nanocrystals with hydroxyl impurities
Authors: Qin Xian , Liu Xiaogang
Published: November 2021

The concentration of hydroxyl impurities in fluoride-based core-shell nanocrystals can be minimized by epitaxial growth of spatially compressed shells under fluoride-rich conditions.
The role of interface on the toughening and failure mechanisms of thermoplastic nanocomposites reinforced with nanofibrillated rubber
Authors: Zeidi Mahdi , Kim Chun Il , Park Chul B.
Published: November 2021

The interface plays a crucial role in the physical and functional properties of polymer nanocomposites, yet its effects have not been fully recognized in the setting of classical continuum-based modeling.
Self-reconstruction of cationic activated Ni-MOFs enhanced the intrinsic activity of electrocatalytic water oxidation
Authors: Wang Xuemin , Wang Xixi , Zhao Lin , Zhang Hanyu , Liu Ming , Zhang Cui , Liu Shuangxi
Published: November 2021

Here, the cation modified Ni-MOFs catalysts was cleverly designed. And the multilayer FeNi-LDH with enrich active sites derived by in-situ self-reconstruction in alkali solution was considered to be the decisive factor driving the OER reaction.
New iron(ii) spin-crossover metallomesogen with long aliphatic chain terminated by a CC bond
Authors: Liu Shuting , Zhu Zhenhua , Li Xiao-Lei , Tang Jinkui
Published: November 2021

A new Fe(ii) complex with long aliphatic chains and terminal CC bonds exhibits SCO behavior and liquid-crystalline properties.
Heterometallic Re/Mo and Re/W cubane-type cluster complexes
Authors: Pronin Aleksei S. , Gayfulin Yakov M. , Sukhikh Taisiya S. , Lavrov Alexander N. , Yanshole Vadim V. , Mironov Yuri V.
Published: November 2021

A series of heterometallic Re/Mo and Re/W cubane-type cluster complexes were obtained. New cluster anions demonstrate a regular change in geometric characteristics and redox potentials depending on the composition of the cluster core.
Recent developments in the asymmetric synthesis and functionalization of symmetrical and unsymmetricalgem-diborylalkanes
Authors: Paul Swagata , Das Kanak Kanti , Aich Debasis , Manna Samir , Panda Santanu
Published: November 2021

gem-Diborylalkanes are an important class of organoboron compounds as they function as a key building block in organic synthesis. This review summarizes recent developments of the enantioselective synthesis ofgem-diborylalkanes and application in asymmetric synthesis.
A sandwich SERS immunoassay platform based on a single-layer Au–Ag nanobox array substrate for simultaneous detection of SCCA and survivin in serum of patients with cervical lesions
Authors: Liu Yifan , Ran Menglin , Sun Yue , Fan Yongxin , Wang Jinghan , Cao Xiaowei , Lu Dan
Published: November 2021

A novel SERS immunoassay platform for simultaneous detection of SCCA and survivin based on Au–Ag nanoshells (Au–AgNSs) combined with a single-layer Au–AgNB array substrate was proposed in the current study.
Cu assisted loading of Pt on CeO2 as a carbon-free catalyst for methanol and oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Zou Linchi , Pan Jian , Xu Feng , Chen Junfeng
Published: November 2021

TEM images of the PtCu/CeO2-21 catalyst. The scale bar in image (B) is 5 nm. Image (C) shows the area chosen for elemental mapping; image (D, E, and F) show the mapping of Ce, Cu, and Pt, respectively.
Development of novel, biocompatible, polyester amines for microglia-targeting gene delivery
Authors: Choi Boomin , Ahn Min-Hye , Hong Seojin , Barcelon Ellane Eda , Sangshetti Jaiprakash , Arote Rohidas B. , Lee Sung Joong
Published: November 2021

A novel microglia-targeting polyester amine nanocarrier allows microglia-specific gene delivery for the treatment of CNS disorder involving microglia dysfunction.
Functionalized epoxy with adjustable fluorescence and UV-shielding enabled by reactive addition of 9-anthracenemethoxyl glycidyl ether
Authors: Xu Wei , Eaton Matthew D. , Moreno-Da Silva Sara , Pérez Emilio M.
Published: November 2021

A fluorescent and UV-shielding epoxy resin is prepared via synthesizing and incorporating a reactive additive, 9-anthracenemethoxyl glycidyl ether, into the resin system.
Asymmetric patterning drives the folding of a tripodal DNA nanotweezer
Authors: Saliba Daniel , Trinh Tuan , Lachance-Brais Christophe , Prinzen Alexander L. , Rizzuto Felix J. , de Rochambeau Donatien , Sleiman Hanadi F.
Published: November 2021

An extended, multivalent DNA nanotweezer that undergoes large-scale molecular motion upon protein recognition is presented. Our method based on “printing-elongation-folding” combines the DNA-minimal aspect of DNA tile-based assembly, with complexity of DNA origami.
Artificial foliage with remarkable quantum conversion efficiency in bicarbonate to formate
Authors: Pan Hanqing , Premachandra Dumindu , Heagy Michael D.
Published: November 2021

An efficient heterogeneous immobilized device for the photoreduction of bicarbonate to formate was achieved by a thin-film semiconductor with metallophthalocyanines.
A simple strategy for efficient preparation of networks based on poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline), poly(ethylene oxide), and selected biologically active compounds: Novel hydrogels with antibacterial properties
Authors: Kopka Bartosz , Kost Bartłomiej , Rajkowska Katarzyna , Pawlak Andrzej , Kunicka-Styczyńska Alina , Biela Tadeusz , Basko Malgorzata
Published: November 2021

Novel polymer networks composed of biocompatible, hydrophilic poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline), poly(ethylene oxide), and biologically active compounds (cinnamic acid, benzoic acid or eugenol) were developed for potential antimicrobial applications.
A flexible dual-structured MXene for ultra-sensitive and ultra-wide monitoring of anatomical and physiological movements
Authors: Guo Lihao , Li Zekun , Hu Wenwen , Liu Taoping , Zheng Youbin , Yuan Miaomiao , Dai Yujie , Ning Ruizhi , Zhu Yujin , Tao Keyu , Zhang Min , Du Tao , Zhang Lu , Su Chen , Haick Hossam , Wu Weiwei
Published: November 2021

A flexible dual-microstructured MXene pressure sensor is designed and this high performance sensor is used to monitor anatomical and physiological movements.
Rationally designed Ta3N5@ReS2 heterojunctions for promoted photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Zhan Xiaoqiang , Fang Zhi , Li Bing , Zhang Haitao , Xu Leyao , Hou Huilin , Yang Weiyou
Published: November 2021

We reported the rationally designed Ta3N5@ReS2 heterojunctions with promoted photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, which is ∼16 times higher than that of the Ta3N5 counterpart, and superior to those of Ta3N5-based photocatalysts ever reported.
Zn–CxNynanoparticle arrays derived from a metal–organic framework for ultralow-voltage hysteresis and stable Li metal anodes
Authors: Zhuang Zilong , Liu Chang , Yan Yiyang , Ma Pengcheng , Tan Daniel Q.
Published: November 2021

Lithium metal anode (LMA) possesses the highest energy density among all anode candidates, while dendrite growth is a huge barrier in the direct application of LMA in batteries.
Template-free, controllable and scalable synthesis of poly(5-aminoindole) nanoparticles for printable electrochemical immunosensor with ultra-high sensitivity
Authors: Yang Taotao , Rao Ai , Liang Yao , Yang Kun , Ye Yongqin , Ren Xiaoning , Wang Bin , Luo Zhiqiang
Published: November 2021

The PIn-5-NH2 NPs possess distinct features, including good conductivity, large surface area, and abundant –NH2 functional groups for covalent binding of the antibody, and therefore offer substantial possibilities for developing an all-printable process to fabricate multiplexed electrochemical immunosensors.
Improving the efficiency and stability of inorganic red perovskite light-emitting diodes using traces of zinc ions
Authors: Cai Xiao-Yi , Yu Yi , Ye Yong-Chun , Shen Yang , Guo Ming-Lei , Wang Jing-Kun , Shen Kong-Chao , Li Yan-Qing , Tang Jian-Xin
Published: November 2021

Enhanced efficiency and operational stability are achieved for all-inorganic red perovskite light-emitting diodes using traces of zinc ions for defect passivation, leading to a prolonged half-lifetime up to 2667 hours.
Unusually high Seebeck coefficient arising from temperature-dependent carrier concentration in PbSe–AgSbSe2 alloys
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Wu Gang , Cai Jianfeng , Zhang Qiang , Yang Junxuan , Chen Lidong , Hu Haoyang , Liu Guoqiang , Tan Xiaojian , Jiang Jun
Published: November 2021

The Seebeck coefficient of the SbCl3-doped PbSe–AgSbSe2 alloy is at a high level because of the temperature-dependent carrier concentration. In addition, PbSe–AgSbSe2–SbCl3 exhibits very low thermal conductivity.
Host–guest interaction-directed strategy for managing mechanochromic luminescence behavior by modulating molecular packing and conformation
Authors: Han Xie , Sun DongDong , Tang Shi , Wu Yong , Wang Luyao , Zhang Xiongzhi , Liu Simin
Published: November 2021

A simple strategy was developed to modulate mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) behavior of NBDP (1-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)pyridin-4-one) molecules using cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) host as a carrier to change the molecular packing.
Regulating the photoluminescence of carbon dots via a green fluorine-doping-derived surface-state-controlling strategy
Authors: Li Tianze , Shi Wei , Mao Quanxing , Chen Xuwei
Published: November 2021

Herein, we report a green surface-state-controlling strategy to achieve the regulation of the photoluminescence (PL) properties of carbon dots (CDs) via fluorine (F)-doping techniques.
A highly robust Ce3+-doped and Gd3+-mixed KLaF4 nano-glass composite scintillator
Authors: Sun Bochao , Xie Yuqing , Zhao Yunlong , Li Xiang , Chen Junfeng , Song Yushou , Zhao Lei , Li Zhigang , Zhao Hongtao , Ren Jing , Zhang Jianzhong
Published: November 2021

Scintillating fibers prepared using a transparent Ce3+-doped nano-glass composite embedded with Gd3+-mixed KLaF4 nanocrystals show an excellent linear response with the irradiation dose.
Fabrication of light emitting diodes using photo-patternable quantum dot-acrylate resins
Authors: Yang Kab Pil , Son Seung-Rak , Baek Seon Hui , Lee Jun Hyup , Lee Kangtaek
Published: November 2021

We report the preparation of photo-patternable quantum dot (QD)-acrylate resins for application in light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
Implicit Bias and Multilingual Assessment in School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Nelson Marisa , Wilson Laura
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this research was (a) to examine school-based speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') implicit attitudes toward immigrants and how these relate to prioritization and use of best practices when assessing multilingual children and (b) to determine if key demographic factors relate to the use and prioritization of these best practices.

Method:

Eighty-six certified SLPs ranked how they prioritize and use best practices in multilingual assessments and completed an online immigrant Implicit Association Test.

Results:

The majority of participants exhibited a strong implicit bias against immigrants (median D-score of 0.84, interquartile range: 0.49), but no significant relationship was found between increasing bias and lower prioritization or use of best practices. Increased years working as an SLP and increasingly distant personal relationships to immigration were related to lower prioritization and use of some best practices. An unexpected association included increased reported use of interpreters with increasing implicit bias against immigrants.

Conclusions:

This research found a strong implicit bias against immigrants among participating school-based SLPs, consistent with previous work detailing health professionals' preferences for ingroups over outgroups. It adds to the call for further research into the impact of implicit biases on clinical practice, and the methods and merits of addressing implicit biases in targeted populations such as SLPs. This study also identified demographic factors associated with decreased prioritization and use of certain best practices when assessing multilingual children. More work is needed to learn how to mitigate these factors to ensure culturally sensitive clinical practice.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16799638
Surface discharge characteristics and influencing factors of polyimide insulations under high‐frequency sinusoidal voltages
Authors: Ayubi Bilal Iqbal , Zhang Li , Xu Huangkuan , Yan Qiyue
Published: November 2021

The high‐frequency power transformer (HFPT) has become a vital component of the power system. For HFPT insulations, surface discharge is a serious problem. Polyimide (PI) is a widely used insulating material for HFPT's. A needle‐plate electrode structure‐based experimental setup was developed to produce and measure the surface discharge. This paper first time used the fluid‐kinetic model by adopting the finite element simulation method to address the micro‐level study of surface discharge. This paper aimed at the discharge phenomenon of the PI under the direct action of high‐frequency sinusoidal voltage and has not considered the overvoltage phenomenon caused by the waveform parameters that is the actual high‐frequency action on the PI material. The development of surface discharge at various stages was analysed. Particle densities and electric field distributions versus discharge time were determined. Frequency, temperature, and air pressure have a significant effect on surface discharge behaviour. As a result, the applied voltage reaches its peak value at high‐frequency, so the flashover time of surface discharge is reduced under the high frequency. The electron density of the streamer development increases as the temperature rises, and the time to flashover the channel becomes shorter. The higher the electron density and the longer the discharge channel develops while the gas pressure is lower. The simulation results have high accuracy and good agreement with experimental data.
Deep coordinate attention network for single image super‐resolution
Authors: Xie Chao , Zhu Hongyu , Fei Yeqi
Published: November 2021

Deep learning techniques and deep networks have recently been extensively studied and widely applied to single image super‐resolution (SR). Among them, channel attention has garnered the most focus owing to its significant boost in the presentational power of a convolutional neural network. However, the original channel attention neglects the critical importance of the positional information, thus imposing performance limitations. Here, a novel perspective, namely, a coordinate attention mechanism, is explored to alleviate the aforementioned problem, and accordingly result in an enhanced SR performance. Specifically, a deep residual coordinate attention SR network (COSR) is proposed, which mainly incorporates the presented coordinate attention blocks into a deep nested residual structure. The coordinate attention captures the positional information by computing the average value vector from the two spatial directions, thus aggregating the features in different coordinates. The nested residual blocks pass low‐frequency information from the top to the end through the skip connection lines, allowing convolution filters to concentrate more on high‐frequency textures and edges, thereby reducing the difficulty of reconstruction. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed COSR achieves a better performance and exceeds many state‐of‐the‐art SR methods in terms of both quantitative metrics and visual quality.
Inside-out star formation quenching and the need for a revision of bulge-disk decomposition concepts for spiral galaxies
Authors: Papaderos Polychronis , Breda Iris , Humphrey Andrew , Michel Gomes Jean , Ziegler Bodo L. , Pappalardo Cirino
Published: November 2021

Our knowledge about the photometric and structural properties of bulges in late-type galaxies (LTGs) is founded upon image decomposition into a Sérsic model for the central luminosity excess of the bulge and an exponential model for the more extended underlying disk. We argue that the standard practice of adopting an exponential model for the disk all the way to its center is inadequate because it implicitly neglects the fact of star formation (SF) quenching in the centers of LTGs. Extrapolating the fit to the observable star-forming zone of the disk (outside the bulge) inwardly overestimates the true surface brightness of the disk in its SF-quenched central zone (beneath the bulge). We refer to this effect asδio. Using predictions from evolutionary synthesis models and by applying to integral field spectroscopy data REMOVEYOUNG, a tool that allows the suppression of stellar populations younger than an adjustable age cutoff we estimate theδioin the centers of massive SF-quenched LTGs to be up to ∼2.5 (0.7)B(K) mag. The primary consequence of the neglect ofδioin bulge-disk decomposition studies is the oversubtraction of the disk underneath the bulge, leading to a systematic underestimation of the true luminosity of the latter. Secondary biases impact the structural characterization (e.g., Sérsic exponentηand effective radius) and color gradients of bulges, and might include the erroneous classification of LTGs with a moderately faint bulge as bulgeless disks. Framed in the picture of galaxy downsizing and inside-out SF quenching,δiois expected to differentially impact galaxies across redshift and stellar mass ℳ⋆, thus leading to systematic and complex biases in the scatter and slope of various galaxy scaling relations. We conjecture that correction for theδioeffect will lead to a down-bending of the bulge versus supermassive black hole relation for galaxies below log(ℳ⋆/M⊙) ∼ 10.7. A decreasing ℳ∙/ℳ⋆ratio with decreasing ℳ⋆would help to consistently explain the scarcity and weakness of accretion-powered nuclear activity in low-mass spiral galaxies. Finally, it is pointed out that a well-detectableδio(> 2rmag) can emerge early on through inward migration of star-forming clumps from the disk in combination with a strong contrast of emission-line equivalent widths between the quenched protobulge and its star-forming periphery. Spatially resolved studies ofδiowith theJames WebbSpace Telescope, the Extremely Large Telescope, and Euclid could therefore offer key insights into the chronology and physical drivers of SF-quenching in the early phase of galaxy assembly.
The polarization angle in the wings of Ca I 4227: A new observable for diagnosing unresolved photospheric magnetic fields
Authors: Capozzi Emilia , Alsina Ballester Ernest , Belluzzi Luca , Trujillo Bueno Javier
Published: November 2021

Context.When observed in quiet regions close to the solar limb, many strong resonance lines show conspicuous linear polarization signals, produced by scattering processes (i.e., scattering polarization), with extended wing lobes. Recent studies indicate that, contrary to what was previously believed, the wing lobes are sensitive to the presence of relatively weak longitudinal magnetic fields through magneto-optical (MO) effects.

Aims.We theoretically investigate the sensitivity of the scattering polarization wings of the Ca I4227 Å line to the MO effects, and we explore its diagnostic potential for inferring information on the longitudinal component of the photospheric magnetic field.

Methods.We calculate the intensity and polarization profiles of the Ca I4227 Å line by numerically solving the problem of the generation and transfer of polarized radiation under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions in one-dimensional semi-empirical models of the solar atmosphere, taking into account the joint action of the Hanle, Zeeman, and MO effects. We consider volume-filling magnetic fields as well as magnetic fields occupying a fraction of the resolution element.

Results.In contrast to the circular polarization signals produced by the Zeeman effect, we find that the linear polarization angle in the scattering polarization wings of Ca I4227 presents a clear sensitivity, through MO effects, not only to the flux of the photospheric magnetic field, but also to the fraction of the resolution element that the magnetic field occupies.

Conclusions.We identify the linear polarization angle in the wings of strong resonance lines as a valuable observable for diagnosing unresolved magnetic fields. Used in combination with observables that encode information on the magnetic flux and other properties of the observed atmospheric region (e.g., temperature and density), it can provide constraints on the filling factor of the magnetic field.
Distribution of macro plastic debris in Muaragembong coastal bay during the east moonson and the east to west monsoon transition in 2020
Authors: Suryono Devi Dwiyanti , Afi Ati Restu Nur , Setiawan Agus , Syakti Agung Dhamar , Rustam Agustin , Salim Hadiwijaya L. , Sudirman Nasir , Daulat August , K Mariska Astrid , Prasetiawan Nanda R. , Pranowo Widodo S. , Jayawiguna M. Hikmat
Published: November 2021

Marine debris pollution can threaten the sustainability of natural resources in coastal regions ecosystem. Marine debris is worldwide issue now and Indonesia considered as a second biggest polluter of plastic to the world ocean. Massive efforts have been applied to tackle marine debris, both by the central government and provincial level, to manage these problems and minimize the impact on the coastal ecosystem. Various types of marine debris threaten the mangrove and seagrass ecosystem by covering its roots and leaves, slowing down its growth rate, and even killing them. The aim of this research is to identify the composition of marine debris in estuary waters and mangrove ecosystem. The research activity was conducted in Muaragembong, Bekasi Regency, which is considered part of Jakarta Bay as the source of the marine debris site. The result showed that the marine debris composition during the east monsoon (July) was dominated by plastic with 71%, while during the transition east-to-west monsoon (November) ranged from 59% and equally distributed surrounding estuary waters and mangrove ecosystem. Fifteen types of macro plastic were found in waters in July, larger than those found in November (13 types). The predominant type of macro plastic is Styrofoam, followed by crackle plastic, sachets, and straws, most of which are single-use plastics that are transported to the estuary and then trapped in the mangrove ecosystem.
Living on polluted habitat: A preliminary study of marine debris impact to foraging waterbirds in Muara Angke Mangrove Ecosystem, Jakarta
Authors: Anugra Bhisma Gusti , Winarni Nurul L. , Pradana Dimas Haryo , Ayujawi Selsa Artika , Wulandari Yulia , Syahruddin Dalily , Yasman
Published: November 2021

Mangrove ecosystems are vulnerable to pollution such as marine debris. The presence of marine debris can affect the waterbird community. The present study aims to determine and analyze the effect of marine debris on waterbirds in the Muara Angke Mangrove Area. The research was undertaken from October to November 2020 at three research areas: Angke-Kapuk Protection Forest, Angke-Kapuk Nature Tourism Park, and Muara Angke Arboretum. Observations of waterbirds were carried out using the point count method and observations of marine debris density were conducted with the shoreline survey method developed by NOAA. To find out the pattern of marine debris distribution and its effect on waterbirds, we implemented Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Spearman Correlation. In total, there were 13 species of waterbirds from 7 different orders in the three research areas. PCA analysis showed 6 variables in PC1 namelyherbivorous duck,tactical surface,visual surface,habitat generalist,moderate specialist, andlarge. Further, PC2 produces 6 variables, namelypursuit diving,stalking,habitat generalist,aquatic generalist, andlarge. The results of the Spearman correlation indicated that three bird species were significantly negatively correlated with trash, those species areAnhinga melanogaster,Egretta garzetta, andMycteria cinerea.
Vessel Monitoring System Using GSM Communications Network
Authors: Prayetno Eko , Nusyirwan Deny , Nugraha Sapta , Faturrahman Ade , Winata Dedi Pandu
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to monitor the data sent from the ship to the server. This system relies on the internet network to transmit data such as the coordinates of ship position, the direction vessel, the distance of obstacles in a front vessel, the speed vessel, and the length of ship trajectory to the server using the GSM Shield SIM900 module. This study will use four providers such as Telkomsel, XL Axiata, Indosat, and Tri. The benefit of this ship monitoring system research is that it can monitor supervision on ships and access via mobile phones. The result of this study is the system can respond well and send data on the coordinates, the direction, the distance of the obstacle in a front vessel, the speed, and the length of the vessel trajectory. Then the best signal strength is using a Simpati card provider with a signal strength of -65 dBm
Remote Water Quality Monitoring with Early –Warning System for Marine Aquaculture
Authors: Pramana Rozeff , Suprapto Bhakti Yudho , Nawawi Zainuddin
Published: November 2021

Rapid technological developments have penetrated the application of technology in the field of aquaculture. Climate Changes that are currently uncertain and beyond prediction encourage the application of technology to increase fishery production and modernization. The purpose of this study is to design a water quality monitoring system that can be monitored remotely in real-time using an internet-based smartphone/PC application. It is equipped with an early warning system to monitor the water quality set by the upper and lower thresholds. This device is based on Robotdyn Uno Wifi R3 ESP8266 with IoT technology. The alarm system uses a buzzer and LED indicator to make it understandable to fishermen. We tested the device in two stages. Results showed that the alarm system responds to all changes in water quality that exceeds the set threshold. Water quality data can be monitored with an internet-based smartphone application and updated every 15-16 seconds
Maritime Potential Phenomenon in Improving the Welfare of the Riau Island Community
Authors: Sidabutar Yuanita FD , Indra Edi
Published: November 2021

The geographical potential of the Riau Island has an area of 251,610 sq km and 96 percent of which is the ocean and only 4 percent of the land. Since the formation of the Riau Islands Province in 2002, the wealth of marine resources has not received widespread, serious, and serious attention. At the same time, the Riau Islands Province has a very large marine wealth. This causes the Riau Islands to have the potential and competitiveness of wealth in the seas. The people of the Riau Islands must be aware of potential planning and problems and recognize plans for improvement for the benefit of the community. Therefore, a plan that is logical, realistic, implementable, flexible, and acceptable to society. The hierarchy of potential space is formed based on the functions that surround it. The purpose of this research is to reveal the hierarchy, public awareness, maritime potential in the marine area that can be worked on in the use of marine space, fisheries, mining, and tourism. This research is descriptive-analytical and based on theoretical and empirical elaboration. This approach is to examine the maritime potential space of the Riau Islands to get a reference for the interpretation of theoretical relationships from an empirical condition.
Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on the development of Entrepreneurial Activities: The Case of Omani Undergraduate Students
Authors: Mohammed Al Shukaili Abdullah , Mohd Kassim Norizan , Ravi Anju , Muneerali Mohammed
Published: November 2021

Supporting entrepreneurship and innovation has always been the important to the Sultanate of Oman’s future. This research will shed light on the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education on the development of entrepreneurial activities in Oman. Large number of studies have concerned about entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial intention, but very few studies focusing on the how and why entrepreneurship education influences and their impact on entrepreneurial intention. Therefore, the objective of our study is to identify the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship intention among undergraduate students in Oman. A survey questionnaire is used as the primary data collection tool by way of an online survey, and a sample from public and private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Oman. The sample will consist of two groups selected among a population of undergraduate students who are in their final semester of study, and from those who have graduated during the previous two years. As this research is still in progress, we are expecting to collect a sample exceeding two hundred questionnaires. Preliminary testing of the model indicates that the survey instrument of this study is a fair, valid, and reliable method with which to conduct this field data collection. The research findings are expected to contribute to a greater understanding of the relationship between the various components of entrepreneurship education and the entrepreneurial intention of those undergraduate students from the target populations. Since increasing attention has been given to entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education in Oman, in recent years, it is expected that the findings of this research will reveal the effectiveness of such programs in enhancing the potential of students to enable them to become effective, self-employed, entrepreneurs.
Conceptualizing Corporate Sustainability Reporting and Risk Management Towards Green Growth in the Malaysian Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Lai Fong-Woon , Shad Muhammad Kashif , Shah Syed Quaid Ali
Published: November 2021

Recently, there have been many reports of catastrophic accidents in the oil and gas (O&G) industry which led to huge financial losses and hazards to humans and the environment. Apart from the primary operational (technical) risks, there exist numerous non-technical risk factors such as workforce protection, climate change, ecosystem, biodiversity, health and safety, governing compliance, and other environmental, and social issues. These risks if left without intervention could affect the green growth and eco-friendly resilience of the O&G companies. Thus, this work offers a conceptual framework on how corporate sustainability practices along with risk management implementation are stimulating green growth in the O&G industry. The presented theoretical and conceptual framework underpinned by the stakeholder theory proposed in this paper provides a foundation for empirical validation of the intertwined relationship between the pertinent variables. The measurement of the variables such as corporate sustainability performance, enterprise risk management and green growth is proposed to be drawn from earlier research and developed frameworks and guidelines by prominent organizations. The significance of this paper is to lend guidance to Malaysian oil and gas players to embrace green growth through sustainability and risk management implementation.
Peace education curriculum objectives for Malaysian higher tertiary education: A fuzzy delphi approach
Authors: Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah Muhammad , Pisol Mat Isa Muhammad , Arfah Abdul Sabian Nur , Siraj Saedah
Published: November 2021

This paper was to analyse the voice of stakeholders on key elements for peace education curriculum objectives for Malaysian higher education system as a contribution to the progressive effort on fostering interactions among multiracial community. The larger focus of the study is to develop a peace education curriculum model based on an intercultural context that can be applied at the tertiary level. The model was developed based on Tyler’s Model (Tyler, 1949). The model proposed four domains which were the objectives of the curriculum, curriculum content, and implementation and evaluation. However, this paper only focuses on elements of the curriculum objectives which is also the instrumental domain for curriculum development. Fuzzy Delphi technique and Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) were employed. The findings of model consisted of 19 Objective curriculum elements. All proposed objective elements generated through literature review were accepted by the stakeholders and the four highest agreeable elements were “To create in the learner the knowledge of the concept of peace and conflict”, “To nurture respect for and appreciation of differences”, “To enable students to acquire a sense of belonging towards a larger society, and to empathize and relate with individuals from other groups within that society”, and “To create in the learner, the knowledge of national identity”. The outcome has reflected on the three important dimensions of knowledge and value. The skill dimension was ranked lower, as response to stakeholder views that the importance of knowledge and value (concept of peace, respect, sense of belonging and national identity) should be first inculcated and followed with other skills. The outcome of the study would implicate in the systematic structuring of peace building among the multi-cultural society through peace education.
Research promotion in Vietnamese higher education: how to enhance research activities at a young and dynamic university
Authors: Le Thi Phuong Anh , Pham Huyen K.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development of research on higher education in Vietnam. A case study research approach was utilized to examine the quality growth of a private Vietnamese university in terms of research for the past six years. The number of international publications and researchers are analyzed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the university's research-enhancing activities. The results will contribute to improving the quality of training and further contribute to the vision of bringing Vietnamese universities upon the world's educational ranking. Although this research is limited from the perspective of Vietnam, it provides a good illustration of sustainable development of quality in higher educational systems, especially for young universities in developing countries.
Prospects for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Through A Proposed Halal Entrepreneurship Success Index (HESI)
Authors: Salaheldeen Mohamed , Battour Mohamed , Nazri Muhamad Azrin , Bustamam Ummi Salwa Ahmad
Published: November 2021

The Global Islamic Economy Indicator recognizes Malaysia as a global leader of the Islamic/Halal economy. Malaysia is also expanding its Islamic Economy and Business Ecosystem. Accordingly, the Ministry of Entrepreneur Development (MED) in Malaysia aims to produce a million small and medium enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs in 2019-2023. However, the Global Innovation Index in 2018 and 2019 ranked Malaysia in the 35th place globally, behind top Asian innovators like Singapore, South Korea, and Japan. This raises an important question: How can Malaysia foster its entrepreneurial economy using its advantageous position in the Halal industry? Malaysia must act now to prepare for a future led by innovation and technology. The country can use the Halal Entrepreneurship Success Scale to foster sustainable innovation and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Measuring the success of Halal entrepreneurs in Malaysia can help it to achieve the SDGs. The religious background of Halal entrepreneurs motivates them to contribute positively to their society and environment. Halal entrepreneurship can be a driver of transformation that can help attain and deliver the SDGs while promoting sustainable economic growth. The findings of this paper can be useful to policy makers, regulators, practitioners, and academics.
Overcoming shortage of second-career academics in business schools
Authors: Ong Liap-Teck
Published: November 2021

This study addresses the United Nation’s (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) to “substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers[academics], including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and Small Island developing states” by 2030. Literature review reveals that there is a shortage of academics to teach business units globally due to the high demand for business education. Hence experienced and qualified business practitioners are recruited to assume the role of academics, collectively termed as second-career academics. This study was conducted to explore the challenges faced by these second-career academics in order to explore ways to sustain and retain them, as a measure to mitigate the shortage of academics in business education at tertiary level. The findings revealed that second-career academics experience a sense of discordance due to the fundamental contradiction between the ideals, pre-conceived perceptions of academic career and the everyday realities of academic task performance. The discordance is precipitated by differences in work culture between industry and academia, inconsonance with university management, and pedagogical/research challenges. The study suggests appropriate orientation and training opportunities to address the special needs of these second-career academics in order to sustain and retain their academic career, as a solution to the shortage of business academics.