bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulation in COVID-19
Authors: Pal Sirshendu , Dutta Rupsha
Published: January 2023

Immunology forms the basis for effective treatment strategies and production of vaccines. In COVID 19 immune insufficiency may increase viral replication while uncontrolled immunity may result in tissue damage. The angiotensin converting enzyme receptors on alveolar type 2 cells of lungs act as target cells are the sites of Corona virus attack. These cells through cytokines or interferons initiate an early local response which may control the infection. However, in COVID-19 this interferon response can be subdued or lagging which may allow the COVID virus to escape detection by the innate immunity or depress the downstream reaction leading to unchecked SARS-COV-2 replication. The suppression of host responses leads to increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and the resulting inflammatory damage leads to a release of suppressive cytokines as a counter regulatory response. This is the cytokine storm. Thus, immuneregulatory treatments that may succeed are the ones that are in real time tuned to the subject's immunophenotype, where immunosuppression may be helpful at some points while immune-stimulation in others.
Prevalence of primary INH and Rifampicin resistance among treatment Naïve tuberculosis cases in tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Dwivedi Dharm Prakash , Shukla Amrita , Raveendran Vinod , Muthaiah Muthuraj
Published: January 2023

India contributes to approximately one-third of total global tuberculosis (TB) and one-fourth of all Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden respectively. The First National drug resistance survey (2014-16) showed MDRTB rates of 6.19% overall and 2.14% in newly diagnosed TB cases. With the above problem of primary drug resistance among newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases, the present study was planned to find the prevalence of Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin resistance in the treatment naïve new tuberculosis cases.

: Study design: Prospective, cross-sectional.

: Treatment naive newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis cases.

: 125.

: After informed written consent, Sputum samples were collected and subjected to culture in MGIT 960 and positive cultures were recorded and subjected to drug sensitivity testing for INH (0.1 μg/ml) and Rifampicin (1 μg/ml) and a parallel non-drug MGIT was run as a control.

: Most cases were males and belonged to the 20-59 years age group. Isoniazid (INH) resistance was found in 7 out of 125 samples, none had resistance to rifampicin. None of the categorical variables or grading of smear were having any statistically significant correlation with INH resistance.

: INH resistance was found to be low (5.6%) with negligible MDR in the current study. Regular and large studies are needed to quantify and tackle the problem of primary MDR TB.
Recovery from osmotic demyelination syndrome associated with pituitary macroadenoma
Authors: Kumar Maddala Surya , Ramasubban Suresh , Sen Subhajit , Dey Sadanand
Published: January 2023

45 years old female known case of hypothyroid admitted to local nursing home with pain abdomen, vomiting and generalized weakness. She received intravenous fluids and antibiotics in a nearby hospital. She experienced hyponatremia, which hypertonic saline from 104 to 128 meq/l quickly treated. Modified Rankin scale score was >3. MRI brain done showed pituitary macroadenoma. She was transferred to our hospital after 5 days because of altered sensorium and bradykinesia of all 4 limbs with high grade fever and unexpected MRI finding. Treatment was started initially in line of meningitis but CSF study was negative. She was intubated for airway protection later tracheostomy was done. MRI brain repeated after 15 days showed pontine and extrapontine demyelination. Serum cortisol was low due to secondary adrenal insufficiency so started on steroid therapy. She improved gradually regained consciousness, started obeying commands, decannulated and discharged with Rankin score <1 after 2 months of steroid and thyronorm supplements and extensive supportive therapy.
A rare rapidly progressive presentation of tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Gautam Swapnil , Agarwal Apurva , Desai Mehul
Published: January 2023

Tubercular Meningitis (TBM) usually presents as a sub-acute to chronic illness, with duration of symptoms ranging from weeks to months before clinical presentation. The course of disease is divided into 3 clinical stages- the stage of prodrome, phase of neurological symptoms and paretic stage, which usually progresses gradually over a period.

Here we report an unusual case of TB meningitis in young female, which progressed rapidly over a period of 7-10 days from symptom onset, without any prodromal features or previous evidence of Koch’s, to reach a non-salvageable stage despite all the available diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
Early intervention of ARDS using anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody Itolizumab: Case series of clinical evidence
Authors: Patil Sudershana
Published: January 2023

The case series of three patients is an attempt to report the importance of early use of Itolizumab in the treatment of non-COVID 19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to the intensive care unit. Monitoring total counts, oxygen requirements, respiratory capacity, and sepsis biomarkers along with strong clinical history and presentation helped in determining the stage of sepsis, allowing the treating physician to prescribe Itolizumab as the treatment of choice when septic shock and complications such as multiple (greater than or equal to 2) organ system failure MOSF has not set in. The efficacy of Itolizumab in this clinical setting was preventative as it blocked the CD6+ receptors, preventing activation of inflammatory reaction and release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and INF-γ, and salvaged the clinical deterioration observed in early stages of ARDS. When the clinical, biomarker and haematological parameters indicate advanced sepsis with impending MOSF, other rescue measures should be instituted to save the patient from fatal outcome. The three patients received Itolizumab while two patients showed improvements due to early institution of therapy, the third patient, in advanced sepsis led to rapid deterioration of clinical condition and death.
Platelet-rich plasma for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Gupta Ashim , Khanna Manish
Published: January 2023

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune ailment which involves joint pathogenesis, bone and cartilage irregularities, together with systemic comorbidities, impacting over 75 million people worldwide. At present there is no remedy for RA and the existing treatment modalities utilized have shortcomings and side effects. Recently, there has been an increased interest in use of biologics, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), for regenerative medicine applications, including for musculoskeletal ailments. This prompted consideration of use of PRP in patients suffering with RA. In this editorial, we highlighted the safety and efficacy of PRP to treat RA based on recently published clinical studies. These studies, despite preliminary, demonstrated that use of PRP is safe and laid the foundation for multi-center prospective open-label non-randomized trials and double-blinded randomized controlled trials with larger sample size to further evaluate the efficacy of PRP to alleviate symptoms of RA for potential clinical usage.
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Gupta Ashim , Khanna Manish
Published: January 2023

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder involving joint pathogenesis, cartilage and bone deformities, along with systemic comorbidities, affecting over 75 million people worldwide. At present there is no cure for RA and the current treatment modalities utilized have limitations and side effects. Over the last decades, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), both autologous and allogenic, have emerged as potential safe and effective alternatives. In this review, we highlighted the safety and efficacy of both autologous as well as allogenic MSCs to treat RA based on recently published clinical studies. These studies demonstrated that use of autologous or allogenic MSCs is safe and laid the foundation for multi-center prospective open label non-randomized trials and double blinded randomized controlled trials with larger sample size to further establish the safety and efficacy of these MSCs to alleviate symptoms of RA, thereby, ultimately justifying their clinical use.
Cartilage regeneration techniques with concomitant high tibial osteotomy (HTO), An innovative biomechanical therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) knee – Systematic review
Authors: Chaudhary Dushyant , Ranjan Rajni , Kumar Rakesh
Published: January 2023

In orthopedic surgery, a high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a common treatment. Indications, patient selection, pre-operative planning, surgical procedure, fixation methods, and complications are all covered in detail. This research concentrated on the factors that should be examined in order to produce positive long-term results. To examine the stated hypothesis “medium- to long-term outcomes of high tibial osteotomy and therapies for cartilage healing”. A thorough search of the database like MEDLINE was done. A clinical outcome investigation employing HTO as the main technique, the usage of a sort of cartilage repair, & a minimum follow-up period of 2 years were all necessary. Everything from the research layout to the patient demographics to the sorts of procedures conducted, the clinical consequences to eventual overall knee arthroplasty progression and consequences was investigated in depth. As a result of a combination of HTO and cartilage regeneration procedures, patients may avoid or delay knee arthroplasty surgery in the medium to long term.
Surgical outcome of total hip arthroplasty in bony ankylosed hips in ankylosing spondylosis —Systematic review
Authors: Pagdal Saurabh
Published: January 2023

Incidence of bony ankylosis in hip joint with AS is approximately 40%. Bony ankylosis of hips joints comes with very unique management challenges. There is no specific review article in the literature only for total hip replacement in bony ankylosed hips. We run a literature review to evaluate surgical outcomes and postoperative complications of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Bony ankylosing hip joints.

Total five studies, which satisfied inclusion criteria, selected for this review process. Outcome measures like HHS, VAS, ROM and complications were noted and compared.

Total number of hips included in this study were 220 in 136 patients. Average patient age was 35.74 years. The mean post-operative Harris Hip Score was 84.9 which was improved from pre-operative HHS 31.1. All studies reported an improvement in hip Range of motion (ROM). Complications were heterotopic ossification, femur fracture, nerve injury, infection, dislocation. Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurred in total 25 hips in 4 studies except Kanniyan et al study.

This literature review put forward that total hip arthroplasty of bony ankylosed hips in AS brings improvements in functional outcome measures such as Harris Hip Score, range of motion and ambulatory status.
Disease activity and flares after total knee arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis - Systematic review
Authors: Jayakumar Tarun , Nayak Poornasri S
Published: January 2023

Despite the continuous therapeutic development of biological DMARDs which has delayed disease progression in Rheumatoid arthritis, joint destruction is inevitable and end-stage arthritis remains the ultimate outcome, following which surgical intervention becomes a necessity. Controversy still exists about the systemic effects following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) on patients in terms of disease activity and flares during the peri-operative period since most patients present with varying levels of disease activity at the time of surgery. The objective of this review is to determine the influence of TKA on longitudinal disease activity and flares in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to determine its influence on quality of life, laboratory parameters, and medication requirement during the peri-operative period and subsequent long-term follow-ups.

A complete search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science electronic databases and trial registries on disease activity or flares in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis after total knee replacement in September 2022. A total of 16 studies were identified for final review. Flares (RA-FQ), DAS-28, CDAI, mHAQ, ESR, CRP and medication requirement were evaluated in serial follow-ups before and after TKA.

Majority of the studies show confirm that a combination of TKA and pharmacological therapy can achieve better therapeutic effects and maintain disease activity at low/ remission levels in patients with end stage rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with high disease activity during the perioperative period are less compliant to rehabilitation and physiotherapy, thereby affecting their overall function scores and satisfaction with the procedure and are found to be more prone to flares.

TKA is found to reduce overall disease activity in RA and reduce the need for medication requirement. However, patients with a high disease activity pre-operatively remain at risk for flares and are unable to reach remission levels of activity after TKA and require supplemental long term pharmacological therapy thereby highlighting the need for adequate pre-operative optimization.
Uncemented total hip replacement with impaction bone grafting in protrusio acetabuli
Authors: Agrawal Aman
Published: January 2023

Protrusio acetabuli is a central acetabular defect resulting from migration of femoral head medial to Kohler’s line. Idiopathic central displacement of femoral head within the acetabulum is quite rare. However, it may be seen in arthritic hips secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, previous trauma, osteomalacia, etc. Primary Total Hip Replacement (THR) in such cases is difficult because of the deficient medial bone, decreased peripheral bony support to the acetabular component and proximal and medial migration of the joint centre. Several techniques described previously in the surgical management of protrusio acetabuli include cemented acetabular components with cement alone or in association with morselized bone graft to reconstruct the acetabulum. However, cement has high rates of migration and loosening of cemented acetabular components in young patients leads to more revision surgeries within the first decade of implantation. The purpose of the study is to describe the technique and results of using impacted morselized bone graft with a porous coated cementless acetabular component in patients with protrusio acetabuli.

A total of 20 primary THR’s (10 unilateral and 5 bilateral) in 15 patients (8 females and 7 males) with protrusio acetabuli were performed between 2018 and 2021, out of which 4 had mild,7 had moderate and 9 had a severe grade of protrusion.

 A total of 10 hips were affected by rheumatoid arthritis,3 by ankylosing spondylitis and 7 had unknown etiology. After the surgery, all bone grafts had united by the sixth month with no perceptible change in acetabular component position in any case. The mean preoperative Harris Hip Score was 48 which improved to 82 at the latest follow-up. 45% had excellent,33% had good, and 22% had fair results. There was no dislocation.

 The use of impacted morselized autograft with a cementless porous acetabular component is a good technique of restoration of hip biomechanics and sound fixation in cases of protrusio acetabuli.
Long standing Brodie’s abscess of the diaphysis of the upper tibia in a young male
Authors: Ahmad Javed , Singh Mohit Kumar , Patel Brij Mohan , Shrivastava Vivek , Rajan Amit Kumar , Verma Satyajeet
Published: January 2023

Brodie’s abscess is a long standing localized form of osteomyelitis seen in cases where either the virulence of the infecting organism is low or the immunity of the host is good. Brodie’s abscess is relatively uncommon type of osteomyelitis that is a diagnostic challenge due to its indolent onset and limited systemic response. We here present a case of Brodie’s abscess in a young male with long standing pain and swelling over the right upper leg from 8 years. The diagnosis was made on X-Ray showed a large osteolytic lesion in the upper tibia with surrounding sclerosis and supported by the CT scan and confirmed by the open biopsy and curettage. On bone drilling frank pus came out and culture showed Staphylococcus aureus. Post-operatively the patient was managed by prolonged course of antibiotics. In this case patient showed complete resolution of symptoms with no signs of recurrence.
Trilogy of Covid-19 pandemic inactivity, Vitamin D deficiency and Genu Valgus knee deformation: Indolent manifestation of concern in preadolescents
Authors: Govil Gaurav , Tomar Lavindra
Published: January 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the health in myriad ways. The direct affection may lead to respiratory infection. An indirect effect of Covid-19 has manifestations on the physical, mental and behavioural attributes in majority of the age groups. The forced restrictions, limited activities, and changed lifestyle have aggravated the deleterious effects of the sedentary lifestyles.

The management of the physical activity for all age groups especially pre-adolescents took a relative back-seat during the Covid-19 restrictions with no immediate suggestions for an active treatment protocol strategy. The clinicians in general, emphasised on the conservative measures to manage the increased incidence of vitamin deficiency and osteopenia majorly with consultations based on telecommunication without clinical evaluation. The subsequent delayed assessment showed a profound negative impact amongst the pre-adolescents with significant progression of knee deformation and increased outpatient clinic presentation of genu valgus for management in later phase of pandemic. This has posed a unique Covid-19 post-pandemic manifestation of concern.

The trilogy of Covid-19 restrictions induced poor physical activity, vitamin-D deficiency, and deformation of knees to valgus angulation have crippling effect in the pre-adolescent age-group. The delay in timely identification and medical management for the pre-adolescents has aggravated the joint deformation compromising the functional outcomes. The orthopaedic surgeons are now challenged and burdened to manage pre-adolescents knee deformity for corrective medical and surgical measures. On literature review, the guidelines are sparse for the paediatric orthopaedic management. The silent worsening with increased morbidity presents a matter of substantial concerns.

An individualized management strategy for pre-adolescents is strongly recommended to manage this “silent” morbidity.
Quality of life following simple tooth extraction (Non — Surgical): A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Kaur Harpuneet , Kaur Rashmeet , Deepika
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate quality of life among adult patients after non surgical extraction of teeth under local anaesthesia. The present study was conducted among 80 patients who were above 18 years and wanted extraction of one or two teeth. Following extraction, 80 patients were given a questionnaire (in English, Hindi, and Punjabi) with questions about post-operative quality of life. Patients were contacted by phone to inquire about their status on days 2, 4, and 7. Out of 80 patients, 95%, of the patients continue to do their social activities on day 2after extraction. 34 patients felt pain and swelling, 10 patients felt change in their physical appearance. 12 patients did not go to work, but out of these 10 females were housewives and were not working already. 14patients said that extraction affected their work performance. Only 6 subjects took the help of somebody to do their work, 19 patients felt difficulty in swallowing, 2 patients reported taste perception changes, 26 patients felt changes in mouth opening, five patients had interrupted meals ,10% of the patients reported changes in ability to speak and 6 patients had problem falling asleep on day 2. 100% of the patients had no issues on day 7. It is concluded that the patient's quality of life is affected by simple extraction, particularly on the first and second post-extraction days. The most affected domains were "Pain and swelling felt" and "Change in mouth opening". After a simple extraction, the patient's quality of life was negatively affected for the first two days before improving throughout the duration of the follow-up period. Therefore, the patient should be informed about how a simple extraction can affect their quality of life immediately following surgery and how it might cause them to change their regular routine.
Neurophysiology of pain education knowledge, pain disability, patient satisfaction and central sensitization in chronic musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Ramalingam Thangamani , Desai Pooja , Ghoghari Dhruvi , Jethva Vidhi , Shah Rushvi
Published: January 2023

Chronic musculoskeletal pains are multifaceted, and Central sensitization is a potential pathophysiological mechanism underlying a group of chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders. Neurophysiology of pain education knowledge and patient satisfaction levels of chronic musculoskeletal pain subjects may contribute to central nervous system sensitization. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of neurophysiology of pain education knowledge and patient satisfaction levels on central sensitization in large population of patient with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

The study included 200 chronic musculoskeletal pain subjects that persisted more than 3 months with average age of 43.93±13.62.

A cross-sectional study used non probability sampling.

Neurophysiology of pain Questionnaire (NPQ) to know the conceptualization of pain, mood rating scale(MRS) to measure patient’s mood fluctuation because of pain, pain disability scale (PDS) for evaluating patients ability to perform certain activity, central sensitization inventory(CSI) to measure nervous system sensitization and patients satisfaction scale(PSS) to understand patient’s satisfaction towards the treatment and health care provider were used.

Descriptive and correlation analyses were used for analysis.

The correlation analyses showed that patient disability scale negatively correlated with mood scale and positively correlated with the age, duration of the condition, impact of pain on ADL and central sensitization. And there was a positive correlation between patient satisfaction and impact of pain on ADL.

The age, mood, duration of the condition and pain disability were the factors behind central sensitization in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. And the neuro physiology of pain knowledge had impact on pain disability and patient satisfaction.
Endoscopic 270° subannular flap tympanoplasty: A case report
Authors: Saini Amit , Abishek R , Singh Harjitpal , Gargi Gaveshna
Published: January 2023

Tympanoplasty performed using 270 degree subannular flap has shown better success rates. This technique is quite useful for large subtotal tympanic membrane perforations. This case report has successfully demonstrated the feasibility of performing this difficult surgical technique endoscopically and thus avoiding a post auricular scar and reducing morbidity to the patient.
Association of gastric duplication cyst with isolated oesophageal atresia and one additional floating rib — A rare presentation
Authors: Barolia Dinesh Kumar , Singh Aditya Pratap , Bathia Harsha Vinod , Parmar Vipal H , Mehta Bhavana Asit , Mehta Shraddha
Published: January 2023

A gastric duplication cyst is not a common anomaly of the alimentary tract. The most common site of alimentary tract duplication is the ileum. We found a non-communicating gastric duplication cyst, along with the greater curvature of the stomach during feeding gastrostomy for isolated Oesophageal atresia. We are reporting a gastric duplication cyst associated with isolated Oesophageal atresia and left side one additional floating rib. This is the third case report of gastric duplication cyst with Oesophageal atresia in English literature.
Areca nut ingestion–An unusual cause of presentation of chronic abdominal pain
Authors: Paul Sudip , Manikaran Mageswaran , Mandal Arnab , Das Subhabrata , Bhattacharjee Prosanta Kumar
Published: January 2023

A 42-year-old female patient, presented with recurrent abdominal pain, over 5 years. She had undergone abdominal hysterectomy 12 years ago, suggesting possible band obstruction. X-rays revealed a densely radio-opaque shadow, rounded in outline, with a relatively less opaque central portion. CT abdomen located it intra-luminally in the ileum, without significant evidence of obstruction. Laparotomy revealed an intact areca nut with a thick rim of calcification, proximal to an ileal stricture.
Investigating the role of foreign capital inflows and economic freedom in poverty alleviation
Authors: Qifa Huang , Oppong Stephen , Borah Prasad Siba , Addai-Dansoh Stephen
Published: January 2023

Many developing countries are still suffering considerable poverty despite the enormous amounts of international development aid channeled to them. This phenomenon raises the question of what role foreign capital plays in these countries. Our study focused on the role of foreign capital (foreign direct investment and foreign aid) and economic freedom in poverty alleviation in developing and least-developed countries using panel data from 1995 to 2018 for 71 countries. We employed several econometric techniques, such as dynamic ordinary least squares, fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic fixed effects, and pooled mean group regression methods. Furthermore, we performed the Granger causality test, tested the impulse response function, and conducted variance decomposition analysis. In our long-run estimations, we found that while foreign direct investment could significantly alleviate poverty, it increased poverty in the short run. On the other hand, foreign aid played no significant role in poverty alleviation in either the short or the long run. Moreover, to alleviate poverty, economic growth and economic freedom are essential; our findings consistently demonstrated that they play a crucial role in poverty alleviation. We also found bidirectional causality between poverty alleviation and population growth, while a unidirectional causal linkage was found from poverty alleviation to foreign aid. We conclude that policymakers should develop a new paradigm of developmental assistance, and governments should create an enabling environment for foreign investment to support their growth plan.
Guide for authors: REVES Template 2023
Authors: Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira , Araujo Wagner dos Reis Marques , Andrade Aldair Oliveira de , Andrade Roberta Ferreira Coelho de
Published: January 2023

Guide for authors: REVES Template 2023
Frequency of Postpartum Depression and Investigation of Related Factors
Authors: GÖK Soner , ATIGAN Ayhan , GÖK Berfin
Published: January 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the rates of postpartum depression by using Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale among mothers who visited our clinics 6-8 weeks after giving birth, and the effects of some sociodemographic and obstetrical factors on postpartum depression. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 318 women who gave birth 6-8 weeks ago and visited obstetrical and gynecology or pediatrics clinics for routine control. Some sociodemographic and obstetrical data which were thought to be a potential risk factor for postpartum depression were recorded and Edinburgh postpartum Depression Scale was conducted for each patient. Results: 104 patients (32.7%) were diagnosed with postpartum depression. Postpartum depression rates were significantly higher in patients with low education levels and occupations of both mothers and their partners, depression history, dissatisfaction from marriage, smoking, increased number of parity and abortion, unplanned pregnancy, nausea and emesis during pregnancy, birth before 36 week pregnancy, increase in length of hospitalization, baby care in incubator, insufficient support and lack of breastfeeding. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between some sociodemographic and obstetrical conditions and postpartum depression. Identification of the risk groups and early precautions can reduce the high prevalence of the disease during the pandemic.
Nörolojik İzlem Protokolü Kullanımının Beyin Ölümü Tanı Oranlarına Etkisi
Authors: MENGİ Tuğçe , KAÇMAZ Mustafa , ŞİRİN Hadiye
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, akut yapısal beyin hasarı olan komatöz hastalarda nörolojik izlem protokolü kullanımı öncesi ve sonrası beyin ölümü oranlarını karşılaştırmayı amaçladı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Akut yapısal beyin hasarı ve Glasgow koma skoru ≤8 ile erişkin yoğun bakım ünitelerine kabul edilen komatöz hastalar değerlendirildi. 2018-2019 arası “dönem 1”, nörolojik izlem protokolünün kullanıldığı 2019-2020 arası “dönem 2” olarak incelendi.

Bulgular: Dönem-1’de 92 hasta, dönem-2’de 83 hasta takip edildi. Dönem-1’de klinik beyin ölümü oranı % 3,3 iken dönem-2’de klinik beyin ölümü oranı % 20,5 (p=0,001) idi. Dönem-1’de beyin ölümü deklarasyon oranı % 1,1 iken dönem-2’de beyin ölümü deklarasyon oranı % 13,3 idi (p=0,001). Yoğun bakım mortalitesi ise dönem-2’de daha düşüktü (dönem-1’de % 73,9, dönem-2’de % 60,2), ancak bu düşüklük istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p=0,054).

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada nörolojik izlem protokolü uygulanması ile dönem-2’de beyin ölümü deklarasyon oranlarının belirgin olarak arttığı gösterildi. Ayrıca protokol uygulanması ile yoğun bakım mortalitesinde düşüş gözlendi. Bu bulgular ile vardığımız sonuç, akut beyin hasarı olan hastalarda hastanelerin kendi özel stratejilerini geliştirmesi ve komatöz hastaların belirli bir protokol çerçevesinde takip edilmesi faydalı olacağı şeklindedir.
New Requirements for All Levels of Education in Energy Management in the Current Context of Global Crisis
Authors: Radulescu Victorita
Published: January 2023

In the current economic context of the energy crisis caused by global warming, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and the increased prices for fuel and gas, new requirements are imposed on the educational system. International energetic trade, the use of renewable sources, energy saving, and energy efficiency have become common terms in education since childhood. Energy education should be based on new concepts, new rules, and trends, linked to EU regulations, and rapidly implemented at the national level. The requirements for each level of education, together with related projects developed in the EU states and Romania are presented separately. The new approaches to teaching energy management in secondary schools and universities are detailed separately. The main steps, directions, and recommendations of the implementation plan are mentioned both for primary and secondary schools and high schools and universities. The paper ends with some conclusions as necessary and future action steps and with some recommendations.
The Impact of Storytelling on the Preschoolers' Psycho-Emotional Development
Authors: Roca Mihaita , Vicol Marta
Published: January 2023

Known as the golden age of childhood, the period between 3 and 7 years old is characterized by an obvious evolution from a state of general equilibrium within the family environment, to a state of great instability and expansion. The preschooler is moving briskly towards more appropriate conduct of social conveniences and develops a lot of independence, contributes decisively to the establishment of his own internal structure, the Self, and launches into the universe of imagination. An intense psycho-emotional development is now supported by a continuous interrogation fuelled by countless "why" and "how", and great curiosity is a fascinating motive towards the world of storytelling, as a place of expression of thoughts, feelings and finally, actions. The method of storytelling in various current pedagogies, such as that proposed by Franz Kett, proves its effectiveness precisely by the happy combination of imagination and story, on one hand, and the extremely important role of sensations and perceptions in the mental and emotional plane, on the other. The universe of childhood thus has the chance to be a place of symbolic integration of dialogue with itself and with the world.
Personality Features–Decisive Factors in the Development of the Outdoor Education Activities
Authors: Mindrescu Veronica , Manea-Tonis Rocsana B.
Published: January 2023

The new perspective on outdoor education in sports identifies it as a method of unfolding that falls under psychosocial bearing. The main focus of our study is on ethical principles as a manifestation of accountability, respect, honesty, independence, self-control, and courage in young people's interpersonal relationships. This approach takes the stance that education entails the promotion of numerous types of personal and social advantages, especially the idea of personal wellbeing. It is stated that advancing this perspective offers the best suitable lens through which to examine the educational benefits of outdoor adventure activities. Our study revels personality features that are enriched by the outdoor education: initiative, perseverance, enthusiasm, tenacity, organizational aptitudes. The authentic relation man-nature, and the free spirit of outdoor education has positive impact on a harmonious healthy life of modern society.
Student Volunteering, a Modern Education Opportunities for Children from Disadvantaged Families
Authors: Radulescu Victorita
Published: January 2023

Due to the economic changes in Romania over the last two decades, many parents have gone to work abroad, preferring to send money home. Their children remained in the country, with grandparents or relatives. Unfortunately, there has been an increase in school dropouts over time. To help reduce it, Social Homes were built in underserved areas where children could eat, learn, and participate in extracurricular activities. The paper describes one such educational model, a project in Bucharest in which students from two universities participate actively over one academic year. To begin, some issues that arose during the activities are discussed, as well as how they were resolved. The mutual benefits for both students and children are emphasized. The advantages for each party involved in this project are also examined separately. Children are drawn to direct communication and approaches to topics other than school activities. They further their understanding of new concepts or participate in extracurricular activities. The projects completed as part of the program were successful. The paper ends with some conclusions and discussions about the educational program’s benefits and the possibility of extending it to homes with refugee children from Ukraine or orphans, as well as other areas.
Willingness to Self-forgive as a Predictor of the Well-being of Young Students
Authors: Kravchuk Svetlana
Published: January 2023

The article considers an important and topical issue in the form of the willingness to self-forgive in young students. The concepts of psychological well-being, forgiveness, and self-forgiveness are considered. The peculiarities of the connection between psychological well-being and willingness to self-forgive in the case of young students are determined. Much attention is paid to the factors of psychological well-being. The study involved 228 people – young students, aged between 20 and 23 years, in the form of 109 men and 119 women. Empirical research was based on the following psychodiagnostic techniques: Flourishing Measure, Hardiness Test, Scale of Psychological Well-being, the Trait Forgivingness (dispositional) Scale, Mental Health Outcome Measures, Scale of Deep Readiness for Forgiveness, Depression and Anxiety (BSI – 12). The high level of willingness to self-forgive in young students is connected with high levels of hardiness and psychological well-being. The high level of willingness to self-forgive in young students is connected with low levels of anxiety and depression. It is indicated that the willingness to self-forgive is a predictor of psychological well-being in young students. The more university students are prone to willingness to self-forgive, the more they are satisfied with self-realization in specific living conditions and circumstances, with the achievement of meaningful goals, and with positive relationships with other people. The more young university students are ready for self-forgiveness, the more they are capable of reflection, the realization of their potential, the effective use of personal traits, self-acceptance, meaningful life, and being more satisfied with relationships with other people.
Increasing School Performance in Theoretical Sports Training Classes by Applying Students’ Activation Strategies
Authors: Radu Liliana Elisabeta , Popovici Ileana Monica , Rus Cristian Mihail
Published: January 2023

The current paper summarizes the results of the study which carried out between September 2021 and January 2022, in order to determine to what extent, the use of interactive didactic strategies can achieve the cognitive performance of the target group, the students of the High School with Sports Program in Iași, Romania. The study included two groups of students from two parallel 10th school classes, A and B, aged 16-17. The number of subjects participating in our study was 56, of which 28 in each class. All subjects participating in the study passed the 9th school class at the same high school, having continuity, because the Theoretical Sports Training discipline is also taught in the previous school class. The methods used challenged and supported the students in the experimental group to successfully complete the learning tasks throughout the lessons. We observed that: acquisition facilitation was achieved; students were actively involved in their own learning, using their own intellectual and practical skills; students were less reluctant to present and argue their own opinions, capitalized on their prior knowledge experience, communicated efficiently; students cooperated within the group, obtaining benefits in the cognitive, motivational, social, affective plans.
Upper Body Posture Investigation in Young Track and Field Athletes
Authors: Radu Liliana Elisabeta , Petrea Renato-Gabriel
Published: January 2023

Based on previous researches, it was identified how physical activity brings effects on the posture and physical development of a young body. The posture of the athletes is a large interest subject for the physical education and sports research field, mostly for the researchers who discovered that physical training affects body posture, even if there is no consensus on the direction of this effect. The main scope of the case study is to evaluate the anthropometrics variables and to evaluate the upper body posture using the APECS Pro version 6.2.0 developed by New Body Technology in young track and field athletes. The analysed group consisted of fourteen minor athletes (7 girls and 7 boys) with age between 11-13 years old.  A minimum of two years of participation in athletics training, a frequency of 3 times/week training sessions, and participation on track and field contest at regional events, were criteria for inclusion in this study. Were assess anthropometric measurements (6 variables) and posture investigation (upper body posture in frontal plane – back view and sagittal plane, side view respectively). The results were performed by means, SD, and Independent Sample T-Test. Also, relationships between anthropometric variables and angular values of upper body posture in frontal and sagittal plane were analysed with Pearson correlation. Data analysis revealed asymmetry at the body alignment, head-neck, shoulder, scapulae, and axillae. It’s recommended to perform exercise sets during the session training or individually to improve the strength and the balance of strength to be able to keep the best posture daily life.
Language as a Symbolic Culture Code
Authors: Myronova Natalia , Levchenko Tetiana , Namachynska Halyna , Herman Liudmyla , Tkachivska Mariya , Artemova Yuliia
Published: January 2023

The article aims to study the culture codes depicted in English postmodern discourse verbalized by phraseological units. The objectives of this paper are to disclose quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the phraseological units in Fowles’ “The Collector”, specify the culture codes actualized in them, and provide their semantic classification. The principal research methods are induction, deduction, synthesis, content, contextual, componential, and parametric analyses, the analysis of dictionary definitions, descriptive and quantitative methods. The current study results suggest that the imagery of Fowles’ “The Collector” is created through somatic, artefactual, temporal, spatial, natural, spiritual, zoomorphic, quantitative, and other culture codes. The study demonstrated that the phraseological units with somatic components are the most numerous in the analyzed corpus. They refer to a person’s mental or emotional state, physical appearance, and his/her adaptation to the social environment, functioning as symbols of national specificity and identity. Furthermore, the somatic idioms with negative connotations prevail over those positively marked. Cultural codes within each group are linked based on similar senses, concepts, or ideas compared to material objects. Thus, an in-depth linguocultural analysis of phraseologisms modelling the English world picture would not be complete without identifying the existing culture codes.
The Effect of Physical Activity Programs on Dynamic Balance of Older Adults during Covid-19
Authors: Malka Iris , Hantiu Iacob
Published: January 2023

Dynamic balance has been found to be a very important ability for older adults to improve posture control and prevent falls, injuries and hospitalisation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two different physical activity (PA) programmes on the dynamic balance ability of older adults. A total of 39 people (mean age: 62.31) from Tel-Aviv, Israel, participated in this research, which was initiated a few weeks before the Covid-19 restrictions. They were divided into three groups: 16 people participated in the Harmonic Gymnastics programme; the second group also consisted of 16 people who regularly practised moderate-to-high intensity fitness exercise; the third group included 7 participants who did not practise PA (No PA). Dynamic balance was measured using the Y-Balance Test before and after three months of the programme. The results showed that participants in the two PA groups increased their dynamic balance for both legs, although only the Harmonic Gymnastics group achieved significant results (p = 0.001). In the two PA groups, the number of falls decreased (p = 0.017 for both groups), and the No PA group recorded lower scores for both legs, although the decrease was significant only for the left leg (p = 0.043). The study emphasises the importance of PA for older age groups, especially in Covid-19 conditions, and the importance of the Harmonic Gymnastics PA programme that involves body awareness, coordination, vestibular and proprioceptive abilities.
The Highlighting of the Relationships between Biomechanical Parameters of Musculoskeletal System of the Spine Measured with Backfix Technology and its Statokinetic Functional State
Authors: Schor Daniela , Schor Vladimir
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to highlight the close relationship between mechanical work (J) values and functional status of the spine expressed by clinical signs such as regional pain and mobility. The group of participants is heterogeneous, consisting of 11 people who perform office work for 8 hours a day as employees of a software company. All are clinically healthy but experience temporary pain or discomfort during or at the end of the work schedule and during daily activities that involve low intensity physical exertion. They benefited from the 10 sessions of the program designed to measure, assess and enhance the statokinetic function of the spine for prevention purposes using BackFix technology. The research findings reveal an important connection between the evolution of test results and clinical manifestations.
Design indicators of wear and resistance of grooving cutters with the wear-resistant coatings
Authors: Grubyi S.V. , Chaevskiy P.A.
Published: January 2023

The article considers method of calculating the rate of wear, ageing and resistance of the hard alloyed grooving cutters with the wear-resistant coatings on the example of machining workpieces made of corrosion-resistant steel. Polynomial equations were used characterizing the drop in hardness of the wear-resistant coatings as a function of temperature. Limiting value of the linear wear along the back surface of the coated hard alloyed cutters was obtained. Wear and resistance dependences on cutting speed, thickness and width of the cut layer were calculated. It was shown that cutting speed for the hard alloyed cutters with the wear-resistant coatings could be increased by 2–3 times compared to the tool speed without coatings. Limiting values of speed and cutting temperature were determined providing resistance of at least 10 minutes.
Electronic fuel control system of a gas-diesel engine
Authors: Furman V.V. , Markov V.A. , Plakhov S.V.
Published: January 2023

Relevance of the article is caused by the need to replace petroleum diesel fuel with fuels produced from alternative raw materials. Natural gas is considered as a promising alternative fuel. Advantages of using natural gas as the gas motor fuel in the internal combustion engines are shown. Main problems are considered that arise when adapting internal combustion engines to this type of fuel and ways to solve them. Possibility of improving indicators of the fuel efficiency and the exhaust gases toxicity when converting an internal combustion engine to the natural gas is indicated. It is concluded that using the gas-diesel engines running on natural gas and igniting by an ignition dose of the petroleum diesel fuel is a promising solution. The electronic fuel supply control system developed for the gas-diesel engines is described. The technique for calculating the fuel supply by the developed electronic fuel supply control system is provided.
Technical and technological solutions for the coal bed methane liquefaction projects
Authors: Gaivoronsky A.I. , Gorbunov M.V.
Published: January 2023

The paper presents technological and cost studies aimed at substantiating selection of technical and technological solutions in the coal bed methane liquefaction projects on the example of Naryksko-Ostashkinskoye and Taldinskoye methane-coal deposits in Kuzbass. Required capacity of the coal bed methane liquefaction plant is substantiated taking into account phasing of the capacity commissioning. Results of technological calculation of the preferred cycles of the coal bed methane liquefaction, as well as estimate of the cost of the main technological equipment of the compared options, are presented. It is concluded that it is necessary to adapt the initial deposit development project to the schedule for commissioning capacities of the coal bed methane liquefaction, and that using the SMR cycle is preferable.