bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Universal cocycle invariants for singular knots and links
Authors: Farinati Marco , Galofre Juliana García
Published: July 2022

Given a biquandle [Formula: see text], a function [Formula: see text] with certain compatibility and a pair of non commutative cocyles [Formula: see text] with values in a non necessarily commutative group [Formula: see text], we give an invariant for singular knots/links. Given [Formula: see text], we also define a universal group [Formula: see text] and universal functions governing all 2-cocycles in [Formula: see text], and exhibit examples of computations. When the target group is abelian, a notion of abelian cocycle pair is given and the “state sum” is defined for singular knots/links. Computations generalizing linking number for singular knots are given. As for virtual knots, a “self-linking number” may be defined for singular knots.
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF UNSATURATED FIBROUS MEDIA BY FRACTAL-MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS
Authors: LIU YONGHUI , GAO JUN , XIAO BOQI , FENG AN , HU HAORAN , ZHANG JIACHENG , WANG YI , LONG GONGBO
Published: July 2022

The effective thermal conductivity of unsaturated fibrous media is simulated by Fractal-Monte Carlo simulations in this work. Based on the probability model and thermal-electrical analogy method, the proposed model of the effective thermal conductivity can be expressed as an explicit function of fractal dimensions, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], intrinsic thermal conductivities, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], the straight capillary length of a unit cell [Formula: see text], liquid saturation [Formula: see text], pore size [Formula: see text] as well as porosity [Formula: see text]. Each parameter of the proposed model has physical meaning and the function has no empirical constant. The results calculated by Fractal-Monte Carlo simulations have been compared with the experimental data available, and an excellent agreement has been shown for an appropriate range of porosity except for the condition at a lower liquid saturation. It is found that, when [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the dimensionless effective thermal conductivity of unsaturated fibrous media decreases with increment in fractal tortuosity dimension and porosity and decrement in liquid saturation. On the other hand, when [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the correlations are opposite. The present Fractal-Monte Carlo technique may have its own advantages in predicting other transports in unsaturated fibrous media.
Comprehensive Crashworthiness Studies of Novel Alternately-Assembled Multi-Frusta Structures for Energy Absorption Applications
Authors: Zhang Weiren , Yang Fan , Zhang Siyuan , Bian Yijie , Wang Peng , Meguid S. A.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we propose a new multicellular design of assembled multi-frusta with alternate orientations and varied taper angles for effective energy absorption applications. Extensive crush test experiments, comprehensive finite-element simulations and analytical modeling were carried out to evaluate the energy absorption performance of the newly proposed multicellular assemblies. The performances of these assemblies are calibrated against conventional assembly of uniform tubes. Two aspects of the work were parametrically examined. The first was concerned with the effect of the frusta taper angle, while the second was concerned with the multi-frusta layout on the energy absorption of the proposed multi-frusta assembled structures. The results reveal that the face centered square layout with an appropriately selected taper angle possesses the optimal high specific energy absorption, low peak force, and smooth crushing force curve, which makes it a crashworthy device.
Spectroelectrochemical one-electron reduction product of (TPP)Zn in nonaqueous media? Not always the expected porphyrin π-anion radical
Authors: Osterloh W. Ryan , Fang Yuanyuan , Ou Zhongping , Kadish Karl M.
Published: July 2022

Zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP)Zn was examined as to its as to its electroreduction properties by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry in six nonaqueous solvents containing tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP). The porphyrin undergoes an initial one-electron reduction to give a [Formula: see text]-anion radical on the cyclic voltammetry timescale but the radical was not stable on the spectroelectrochemical timescale when utilizting chlorinated alkane solvents containing 0.1 M TBAP (CH2Cl2, 1-2,dichloroethane (C2H4Cl[Formula: see text] where chloride, generated from minute amounts of reduced solvent, formed an axially coordinated complex, (TPP)Zn[Formula: see text](Cl[Formula: see text], prior to reduction of the porphyrin. This spectroelectrochemically characterized product exhibits red-shifted Soret and Q-bands as compared to that of the neutral (TPP)Zn under the same solution conditions and analytical plots obtained from recording the spectrum as a function of potential rule out the possibility of forming the superoxide complex, (TPP)Zn[Formula: see text](O[Formula: see text], in chlorinated alkane solvents.
Dynamics of additional food provided predator–prey system with habitat fragmentation
Authors: Durga Prasad K. , Prasad B. S. R. V.
Published: July 2022

Due to human-caused deforestation, global warming, and other environmental factors, habitat fragmentation became widespread. This fragmentation has a variety of detrimental repercussions for many species as well as humans, especially in the agricultural economy. It causes insect outbreaks, the expansion of alien species, and disrupts biological management by rendering the habitat unsuitable for natural enemies in agriculture. Providing natural enemies with additional food is one method to improve the ecosystem and support them. In this study, we assumed that the ecosystem is separated into two patches and that predators can easily migrate from one patch to the next, while prey stays inside its patch’s territory. We looked at the impact of offering more food to predators in a patchy environment using dynamical systems theory. The permanence, stability, and various bifurcations that occur in the system are studied using a rigorous mathematical analysis. The study looks at how predator’s access to other food sources affects pest management. By adjusting the provided food’s characteristic qualities, such as (nutritional) quality and quantity, one can limit and manage the pest in one or both patches, as well as eliminate predators from the ecosystem. This research reveals that providing predators with additional food (of specified quality and quantity) can help in controlling chaotic behavior in the system. The findings of the study are supported by numerical simulations.
Experimental Validations of Reconstructed Excitation Forces Acting Inside a Solid Enclosure. Part I: Exterior Region
Authors: Lu Yazhong , Chen Lingguang , Zhou Pan , Wu Sean F.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the experimental validations of reconstructing the characteristics of the excitation forces that act inside a vibrating structure, which includes the location, type, amplitude, and spectrum, based on a single set of measurements of the normal surface velocity on the exterior surface by using the modified Helmholtz Equation Least Squares (HELS) method, as if one could see through this solid structure. Phase I of this paper shows the reconstruction of the vibroacoustic responses in the exterior region of the structure, including the field acoustic pressure, the surface acoustic pressure, the normal surface velocity or Operational Deflection Shape (ODS), the normal component of the time-averaged acoustic intensity, and the time-averaged acoustic power. Phase II of this paper illustrates the reconstruction of the excitation forces with the fluid-loading effects taken into consideration, based on the vibroacoustic responses reconstructed in the exterior region. The significance of the study, namely, the interrelationships among the excitation force, structural vibration, and acoustic radiation is discussed. The knowledge thus acquired may be important for engineers to analyze various complex noise and vibration issues in practice and to come up with the most cost-effective noise and vibration mitigation strategies.
Experimental Validations of Reconstructed Excitation Forces Acting Inside a Solid Enclosure. Part II: Interior Region
Authors: Lu Yazhong , Chen Lingguang , Zhou Pan , Wu Sean F.
Published: July 2022

Part II of this paper discusses experimental validations of the reconstructed excitation forces acting inside a vibrating structure with the fluid-loading effect taken into consideration. Specifically, the characteristics of the excitation forces such as their locations, types, amplitudes, and spectra are reconstructed by using the modified Helmholtz Equation Least Squares (HELS) method, based on a single set of measurements of the normal surface velocity on the exterior surfaces, as if one could see through such a solid structure. Since the fluid-loading effect has a direct impact on the vibration responses of a structure, it is not possible to derive analytic solutions to vibration responses of the structure. Therefore, numerical solutions are sought by using the boundary element method (BEM). The fluid-loading effect, a.k.a., the reverberation sound field inside the structure is calculated based on the absorption coefficients and surface areas of the interior objects. The reconstructed excitation forces are then compared to the benchmark values and satisfactory agreements are obtained.
Smart sandwich structures with dynamically switchable in-plane thermal expansion coefficients from positive to negative
Authors: Zhang Yongcun , Yang Zihao , Feng Yimang , Wang Bingda , Liu Shutian
Published: July 2022

Capacity to autonomously respond to external stimuli with some switchable structural shapes/properties/functions is highly desirable in many occasions where either system service environments or functional requirements are dynamically changing over time. In this paper, we conceptually propose a new type of smart sandwich structure with the ability to dynamically switch in-plane coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) from initially positive to negative or even zero value through internal microstructural transformation triggered solely by a certain temperature stimulus. To this end, a thermally driven snap-through action is purposely added into the design of the microstructure of periodic face-sheets by introducing an active spherical shell component constituted by two materials with different positive CTEs. The lattice core is connected to the upper and lower face-sheets for preventing the overall transverse deformation of face-sheet during temperature variation. Numerical simulations are subsequently carried out to demonstrate the completely reversible snap-through behavior, and the designed function of dynamically switchable in-plane CTE is also validated. Numerical results also reveal that the increasing thickness ratio of high CTE layer to low ones causes a decreased tendency for effective in-plane CTE before snapping, but the influence on after-snapping CTE is negligible. Similarly, the larger shell span brings an obvious increase in effective after-snapping in-plane CTE but without influence on before-snapping CTE. These significant results are beneficial to be summarized as practical design skills for simultaneously designing customized snap-through temperature and effective before or after-snapping in-plane CTE, all of which enable the proposed smart sandwich structure to be flexible to satisfy various requirements in more potential applications.
Assessing the Alignment between the Information Needs of Developers and the Documentation of Programming Languages: A Case Study on Rust
Authors: Cogo Filipe Roseiro , Xia Xin , Hassan Ahmed E.
Published: July 2022

Programming language documentation refers to the set of technical documents that provide application developers with a description of the high-level concepts of a language (e.g., manuals, tutorials, and API references). Such documentation is essential to support application developers in effectively using a programming language. One of the challenges faced by documenters (i.e., personnel that design and produce documentation for a programming language) is to ensure that documentation has relevant information that aligns with the concrete needs of developers, defined as the missing knowledge that developers acquire via voluntary search. In this article, we present an automated approach to support documenters in evaluating the differences and similarities between the concrete information need of developers and the current state of documentation (a problem that we refer to as the topical alignment of a programming language documentation). Our approach leverages semi-supervised topic modelling that uses domain knowledge to guide the derivation of topics. We initially train a baseline topic model from a set of
Rust
-related Q&A posts. We then use this baseline model to determine the distribution of topic probabilities of each document of the official
Rust
documentation. Afterwards, we assess the similarities and differences between the topics of the Q&A posts and the official documentation. Our results show a relatively high level of topical alignment in
Rust
documentation. Still, information about specific topics is scarce in both the Q&A websites and the documentation, particularly related topics with programming niches such as network, game, and database development. For other topics (e.g., related topics with language features such as structs, patterns and matchings, and foreign function interface), information is only available on Q&A websites while lacking in the official documentation. Finally, we discuss implications for programming language documenters, particularly how to leverage our approach to prioritize topics that should be added to the documentation.
A Survey on DNS Encryption: Current Development, Malware Misuse, and Inference Techniques
Authors: Lyu Minzhao , Gharakheili Hassan Habibi , Sivaraman Vijay
Published: July 2022

The domain name system (DNS) that maps alphabetic names to numeric Internet Protocol (IP) addresses plays a foundational role in Internet communications. By default, DNS queries and responses are exchanged in unencrypted plaintext, and hence, can be read and/or hijacked by third parties. To protect user privacy, the networking community has proposed standard encryption technologies such as DNS over TLS (DoT), DNS over HTTPS (DoH), and DNS over QUIC (DoQ) for DNS communications, enabling clients to perform secure and private domain name lookups. We survey the DNS encryption literature published from 2016 to 2021, focusing on its current landscape and how it is misused by malware, and highlighting the existing techniques developed to make inferences from encrypted DNS traffic. First, we provide an overview of various standards developed in the space of DNS encryption and their adoption status, performance, benefits, and security issues. Second, we highlight ways that various malware families can exploit DNS encryption to their advantage for botnet communications and/or data exfiltration. Third, we discuss existing inference methods for profiling normal patterns and/or detecting malicious encrypted DNS traffic. Several directions are presented to motivate future research in enhancing the performance and security of DNS encryption.
Effect of Propanol on Growth Rate of Anodic Porous Alumina in Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Asoh Hidetaka , Kadokura Haruka , Murohashi Ryohei , Matsumoto Mikimasa
Published: July 2022

Previously, we studied the anodization of aluminum by adding alcohol to common acidic electrolytes with a focus on film formation efficiency and the hardness of the anodic oxide film. In this study, we focus on the difference in carbon number of monohydric alcohols and select propanol as an additive to confirm whether the effects of adding alcohol on anodization behavior and the growth rate of anodic film are universal regardless of the alcohol type. The tendency of propanol concentration dependence of conductivity and viscosity was generally consistent with results obtained using methanol and ethanol additives; however, unlike other alcohols, the steady state voltage during constant current anodization decreased with an increased amount of propanol. Unlike sulfuric acid only, the addition of propanol clearly improved film growth rate and current efficiency under mild conditions below 100 A‧m−2 and high current density conditions above 500 A‧m−2.
Overexpressing the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 in mouse brown adipose tissue restores glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Min Hyeon-Young , Hwang Jiyeon , Choi Yuna , Jo Young-Hwan
Published: July 2022

HCAR1 expressed in BAT can promote glucose entry and reduce lipolysis, resulting in body weight loss and increased insulin sensitivity. Hence, targeting HCAR1 in BAT would provide an alternative way to control body weight and euglycemia in individuals with obesity.
Circulating insulin-like growth factor system adaptations in hibernating brown bears indicate increased tissue IGF availability
Authors: Frøbert Anne Mette , Brohus Malene , Roesen Tinna S. , Kindberg Jonas , Fröbert Ole , Conover Cheryl A. , Overgaard Michael T.
Published: July 2022

Brown bears shift from circulating ternary IGF/IGFBP/ALS complexes in the active state to binary IGF/IGFBP complexes during hibernation, indicating increased tissue IGF-bioactivity. Furthermore, brown bears use a splice variant of IGF-2, suggesting increased bone-specific targeting of IGF anabolic signaling.
Startling stimuli increase maximal motor unit discharge rate and rate of force development in humans
Authors: Škarabot Jakob , Folland Jonathan P. , Holobar Aleš , Baker Stuart N. , Del Vecchio Alessandro
Published: July 2022

Motor unit discharge characteristics are a key determinant of rate of force development in humans, but the neural substrate(s) underpinning such output remains unknown. Using decomposition of high-density electromyogram, we show greater number of discharges per motor unit per second and greater rate of force development after a startling auditory stimulus. These observations suggest a possible subcortical contribution to maximal in vivo motor unit discharge rate in adult humans.
Enterprise Financial Risk Analysis Based on Improved Model C-Means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Sun Jia , Jiao Yanrong
Published: July 2022

As a provider of loans to SMEs, banks should prudently examine loan risks while ensuring that they provide loans to SMEs from the perspective of cooperating with policy implementation and controlling their own risks. The existing loan risk measurement tools include multiple discriminant analysis models, multiple regression models, and machine learning methods. Most machine learning methods have higher prediction accuracy than traditional models when using historical data for calculation, but the existence of problems such as overfitting seriously affects the robustness of machine learning methods. A similar method is introduced into the loan default risk prediction of SMEs, and the mean clustering method is used to preset penalty items to reduce overfitting and high accuracy to help banks effectively identify the default probability of SMEs during the loan period. This study will use the mean clustering method to iteratively train 900,000 SME credit records published by the US Small and Medium Business Administration, with 27 dimensions of data provided by Small Business Administration (SBA) to provide partial guarantees. A regression tree evaluates the data, combining the scores of multiple regression trees to produce a final prediction of the probability of credit default on the input data. The research results show that the mean clustering method can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of traditional machine learning methods and multiple linear regression in the scenario of SME loan default prediction and reduce the overfitting and black-box properties. As a supplementary loan default risk measurement tool, it can strengthen the ability of commercial banks to control the risk of loan business and can also promote the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises and the market economy to a certain extent.
Network DEA Models with Stochastic Data to Assess the Sustainability Performance of Agricultural Practices: An Application for Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran
Authors: Kord Azizallah , Payan Ali , Saati Saber
Published: July 2022

This article aims to determine the sustainability of agricultural performance in the cities of Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran by introducing a new network structure with weight restrictions in the presence of stochastic data by data envelopment analysis (DEA). Given that the functional structure of agriculture has many details, a closer and deeper look into the performance complexities can lead to a more realistic evaluation of efficiency. Therefore, the cities of Sistan and Baluchestan provinces are considered network units with weight restrictions to determine sustainability based on the environmental, social, and economic aspects. Agricultural practices were divided into two stages: the environmental stage (planting and maintaining) and the economic stage (harvesting), which use shared resources. On the other hand, DEA mainly treats all data as deterministic. Since there is a large amount of data in different periods of various actual‐world problems, the use of stochastic programming approaches in DEA is of great importance for studying the behavior of this volume of data. Regarding data collected from agricultural activities in 5 periods and stochastic DEA, new network DEA models were proposed in this article to determine the sustainability levels of agricultural practices.
Surgical Parameters Related to Excessive Intrarenal Pressure during Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Supine Position: A Prospective Observational Clinical Study
Authors: Jung Gyoohwan , Kho Yongseok , Park Jae Suk , Yuk Hyeong Dong , Ryang Seung Hoon , Cho Sung Yong
Published: July 2022

Objective. Excessive intrarenal pressure (IRP) during surgery for renal stones is related to postoperative complications due to systemic absorption of bacteria and endotoxins. This study is aimed at evaluating factors that induce excessive IRP in minimally invasive percutaneous lithotripsy (mini‐PCNL) in the supine position. Methods. 27 patients underwent mini‐PCNL for intrarenal stones under supine position and were analyzed in this study. The IRP changes were measured at the phases of “baseline,” “table tilting,” “upper‐pole navigation,” “stone fragmentation,” and “vacuum cleaning effect.” The relationship between the mean IRP and cumulative time of IRP ≥ 30 cmH2O was analyzed by according to the surgical parameters. Multiple regression analysis showed the effect of the surgical parameters on postoperative fever‐related IRP elevation. Results. Mean age was 59.3 ± 14.6 years. The mean stone burden was 24.6 ± 8.1 mm3. IRP was higher than baseline (31.6 ± 12.1) during upper‐pole navigation (60.0 ± 22.9, p = 0.003) and stone fragmentation (46.2 ± 9.9, p < 0.001). The subgroup’s IRP baseline < 20 cmH2O significantly increased during the upper‐pole navigation. Changes in IRP at each stage were affected by baseline IRP (p < 0.001), operation methods (p = 0.021), number of calyces with stones (p = 0.034), and laser energy of Joules (p = 0.041) and frequency (p = 0.038). Conclusion. In supine mini‐PCNL, the IRP was higher during laser fragmentation and upper‐pole navigation. The table tilting procedure can be helpful in selected patients. The vacuum cleaner effect did not affect IRP.
A Study on the Effect of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Behavior Change Integration Theory on Patients with Limb Fracture and Its Effect on Limb Function and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Luo Shunhong , Xie Yu , He Shangwen , Li Jian , He Chunhua
Published: July 2022

Objective. To assess the impact on nursing care based on the theory of health behavior change integration in patients with limb fracture and its effect on limb function and self-efficacy. Methods. The starting and ending time of this study is from February 2021 to February 2022. In this study, 116 hospitalized patients with limb fracture were selected as the object of study. According to the method of random number table, the patients were divided into study group and control group. The patients of the study cohort were given nursing healthcare based on the theory of health behavior change integration, while those in the control cohort were given common nursing. The scores of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), Frankl compliance scale, self-efficacy scale (GSES), activity of daily living scale (ADL), and Fugl-Meyer limb motor function assessment (FMA) were studied before and 3 months after nursing. Results. After 3 months of nursing, the SAS and SDS scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group, and the difference between groups was statistically significant (

p
<
0.05

). After 3 months of nursing, the scores of Frankl scale, GSES, ADL scale, and FMA scale in the study group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference between groups was statistically significant (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The value of nursing interventions based on the integration of health behavior change theory is even more significant in patients with limb fractures. It is more helpful in reducing patients’ anxiety and depression, increasing compliance and improving limb function. Self-efficacy and daily living skills were also significantly improved.
A Grammatical Error Correction Model for English Essay Words in Colleges Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Long Juan
Published: July 2022

Natural language processing technology is a theory and approach for exploring and developing successful human-computer communication. With the rapid growth of computer science and technology, statistical learning methods have become an important research area in artificial intelligence and semantic search. If there are errors in the semantic units (words and sentences), it will affect future text analysis and semantic understanding, eventually affecting the whole application system performance. As a result, intelligent word and grammatical error detection and correction in English text are a significant and difficult aspect of natural language processing. Therefore, this paper examines the phenomena of word spelling and grammatical errors in undergraduate English essays and balances the mathematical-statistical models and technology solutions involved in intelligent error correction. The research findings of this study are represented in two aspects. (1) In nonword mistakes, four sorts of errors are studied: insertion, loss, replacement, and exchange between letters. It focuses on nonword mistakes and varied word forms (such as English abbreviations, hyphenated compound terms, and proper nouns) produced by word pronunciation difficulties. This paper utilizes the nonword check information to recommend an optimum combination prediction method based on the suggested candidate list for actual word errors, and the genuine word repair model is trained. This approach is 83.78% accurate when used with actual words with spelling errors in the context. (2) It verifies and corrects sentence grammar using context information from the text training set, as well as grammatical rules and statistical models. In addition, it has investigated singular and plural inconsistency, word confusion, subject, and predicate inconsistency, and modal (auxiliary) verb errors. It includes sentence boundary disambiguation, word part-of-speech tagging, named entity identification, and context information extraction. The software for checking and fixing sentence grammatical mistakes presented in this article works on English texts with difficulty levels 4 and 6. Furthermore, this work obtains a clause correctness rate of 99.70%, and the system’s average corrective accuracy rate for four-level and six-level essays is more than 80%.
Studies on Corrosion Behavior of Mg-Al-Zn-RE Cast Alloy with Powder-Coated Al and CED Mg by Salt Spray Test, Immersion Test, and Electrochemical Test
Authors: Krishnan R. , Manivannan S. , Patel Praveen Bhai , Patil Pravin P , Venkatesh R. , L Natrayan , Thanappan Subash
Published: July 2022

Cathodic electrodeposition (CED) was used to coat the cast magnesium alloy Mg-9Al-1Zn-xRE with aluminum powder and epoxy. Immersion and salt spray tests (ASTM B117) at room temperature for a total of 240 hours have been performed to assess the corrosion performances of AZ91D magnesium alloy. At each 24-hour interval, the samples were checked for any damage or deterioration of the coating surface morphology. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the phases, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS analysis confirmed the phase composition. The electrochemical results show that CED epoxy coatings have superior adhesiveness and corrosion resistance compared to powder-coated aluminum and cast magnesium. The salt spray and immersion test results also confirm that CED epoxy coating exhibits good corrosion resistance.
Analysis of Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Psychological Distress in Patients with Lung Cancer during Perioperative Period
Authors: He Xin , Zhang Na , Liu Lu , Liu Yan
Published: July 2022

Objective. To explore the degree of psychological distress in patients with lung cancer during the perioperative period and analyze its influencing factors. Method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 372 perioperative patients with lung cancer admitted to our hospital by a convenience sampling method using general data collection and psychological pain thermometer scores. Results. The psychological distress score of 372 patients with lung cancer in the perioperative period was 4.10 ± 2.88. The psychological distress of patients was related to physical problems, practical problems, medical expenses, and family communication problems. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, economic burden caused by disease, child care, lack of interest in daily activities, and anxiety were the main factors affecting the degree of suffering of lung cancer patients. Conclusion. The proportion of perioperative lung cancer patients with a psychological distress score ≥4 points was 55.6%, and more than half of the perioperative patients with lung cancer had a moderate level of psychological distress. Medical staff should pay attention to the management of the psychological distress of patients with lung cancer during the perioperative period, help patients solve practical problems in the process of cancer treatment, strengthen society’s attention to female lung cancer patients, and establish a comprehensive cancer public welfare organization group.
Logistics Information Intelligent Platform Based on Dynamic Network Data
Authors: Kang Wei
Published: July 2022

In order to reduce the carbon emissions of cold chain logistics and promote the construction of ecological civilization, a logistics distribution path optimization model with the minimum total cost as the objective function under the carbon tax system was proposed. The model comprehensively considers the technical advantages of the Internet of things and the characteristics of cold chain logistics; introduces soft time window, customer satisfaction, and carbon emissions as the main constraint conditions; uses the improved genetic algorithm to solve the mathematical model; uses Matlab to encode; and shows the effectiveness and rationality of the model and algorithm through examples. The experimental results show that: The total cost is 9917.12 yuan, customer satisfaction is 97.07%, carbon emission is 161.06 kg, carbon tax is 5.64 yuan/ton, fixed cost is 600 yuan, transportation cost is 72.72 yuan, refrigeration cost is 8811.73 yuan, cargo damage cost is 427.03 yuan, penalty cost is 0 yuan, The validity of the algorithm and the rationality of the model are verified. When enterprises add a carbon tax constraint, the total cost of cold chain distribution is reduced, and the carbon emission is reduced compared with that without carbon tax. The research can provide a reference for enterprise cold chain logistics distribution decisions.
Association of Visit-to-Visit Variability in Fasting Plasma Glucose with Digestive Cancer Risk
Authors: Zhang Nan , Wang Yueying , Tse Gary , Li Guangping , Wu Shouling , Liu Tong
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between visit-to-visit variability in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and the risk of digestive cancers among individuals with and without diabetes. Methods. Using data from Kailuan cohort, a prospective population-based study, individuals who had at least two measurements of FPG between 2006 and 2012 without prior cancer were included in this study. Four indexes of variability were used, including standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), variability independent of the mean (VIM), and average successive variability (ARV). Cox regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the quartiles of FPG variability and digestive cancers. Results. A total of 98,161 individuals were studied. Over a mean follow-up of

9.32
±
0.81

years, 1103 individuals developed incident digestive cancer (1.21 per 1000 person-years). Compared to the individuals in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of FPG variability by SD had 38.7% higher risk of developing overall digestive cancers after adjusting for the significant confounders (hazard ratio, 1.387; 95% confidence interval, 1.160-1.659;

P
=
0.0003

). Higher FPG variability was associated with significantly higher risks of colorectal cancer (fully adjusted HR 1.432, 95% CI [1.073-1.912],

P
=
0.015

) and pancreatic cancer (fully adjusted HR 2.105, 95% CI [1.024-4.329],

P
=
0.043

), but not liver cancer (fully adjusted HR 1.427, 95% CI [0.973-2.092],

P
=
0.069

) or esophageal and gastric cancer (fully adjusted HR 1.139, 95% CI [0.776-1.670],

P
=
0.506

). Subgroup analyses showed that individuals who were younger (<65 years), male, and those without diabetes experienced a predominantly higher risk of developing digestive cancers. Similar results were observed when using CV, VIM, and ARV. Conclusions. FPG variability was significantly associated with increasing risk of digestive cancers, especially for pancreatic and colorectal cancer. Our study suggested a potential role of FPG variability in risk stratification of digestive cancers. Approaches that reduce FPG variability may lower the risks of incident digestive cancers among the general population. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489.
Study of the Flood Frequency Based on Normal Transformation in Arid Inland Region: A Case Study of Manas River in North-Western China
Authors: Qiao Changlu , Cai Guotao , Liu Yanxue , Li Junfeng , Chen Fulong
Published: July 2022

Flood disaster is one of the natural disasters which cause the most serious economic losses, the most casualties, and the greatest social impact. Flood frequency analysis is very important for reducing flood disaster. In this paper, based on the flood data of Manas River and tools of Box–Cox and Johnson normal transformation, the nonparametric statistical method for flood frequency analysis is studied in order to analyze the adaptability between it and the rivers in arid region of north-western China. The calculation result of the fitness index is divided into two parts: high flood discharge and low flood discharge. One of the two evaluation indexes has an advantage in fitting, and the number of advantages of the three methods in each part has been counted. After analysis, for the flood peak discharge frequency of rivers in arid region of north-western China, the frequency curve of Johnson transformation fits best with empirical data. The high flood discharge advantage is 6, and the low flood discharge is 4. For the flood volume frequency of rivers in arid region of north-western China, Box–Cox transform fits well with empirical data at the high flood discharge frequency curve, and its advantage is 12; Johnson transformation has a better fit between the low flood discharge frequency curve and empirical data, and its advantage is 12. Therefore, it is the way of improving the precision of flood frequency analysis to use the method of P-III distribution and normal transformation comprehensively.
The Effect of PACS in Breast Tumor Diagnosis Based on Numerical Analysis
Authors: Guo Guijun , Chen Yi
Published: July 2022

The incidence and mortality rates are increasing year by year, and the incidence of the disease is gradually becoming younger. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical diagnostic value of PACS in breast tumor patients. Methods. 20 patients with breast tumor diagnosed by PACS were selected for the study, and the diagnosis was confirmed by pathological puncture or surgery. Results. The detection rates of breast tumor by MRI and CT were 94.44% and 96.67%, the sensitivities were 18.82% breast tumor and 96.67%, and the specificities were 53.84% and 54.54%, with no statistically significant difference (

P
>
0.05

). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of invasive lobular carcinoma (LDC) and PACS (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. PACS has a greater detection rate for breast tumor and offers some diagnostic usefulness in diagnosing malignant breast tumor. The detection rate of breast tumors can be increased by selecting the most appropriate diagnostic tool for the patient’s current circumstances.
The Efficacy of Mannitol Combined with 6-Aminocaproic Acid in the Treatment of Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage and Its Impact on Immune Function
Authors: Tian Buxian , Tian Bohan , Zhang Yuhong
Published: July 2022

Objective. To determine the efficacy of Mannitol combined with 6-aminocaproic acid in the treatment of patients with cerebral hemorrhage, as well as its impact on the immune system. Methods. The study subjects consisted of 122 patients with early intracerebral hemorrhage treated in our hospital from April 2019 to April 2022. Based on the different admission times, the participants were randomly divided into the control group and the study group in a ratio of 1:1. 6-Aminocaproic acid was used to treat patients in the control group, while Mannitol along with 6-aminocaproic acid was used to treat patients in the study group. Short form-36 health survey (SF-36) scores, hematoma volume changes, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, clinical efficacy, and changes in the immune function in patients from the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results. The total efficacy of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (x2 = 9,375,

P
<
0.001

). Patients in the study group had significantly higher scores in social function, mental health, physical function, and physiological function compared to those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, there was a significant reduction in NIHSS scores in patients from both groups, but a greater reduction was seen in patients from the study group (

P
<
0.05

). After 2 weeks of treatment, the volume of cerebral edema was significantly smaller in patients from the study group than in those from the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes between patients in the two groups. However, after treatment, patients in the study group had higher numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes and lower numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes compared to those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. The combination of Mannitol and 6-aminocaproic acid appears to be very efficacious in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. It improves immune function, reduces neurological damage, and minimizes the volume of cerebral edema.
Current Applications of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Functional Constipation
Authors: Liu Qi-Hong , Ke Xiao , Xiao Cenxin
Published: July 2022

Functional constipation (FC) is a common condition that would be hard to treat in clinical practice with a prevalence incidence in the population. Pharmacotherapy is a common treatment modality. However, clinical effects are limited and patients continue to suffer from it. In recent years, with the gradual increase in research on gut microbiota, it is understood that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is importantly associated with the development of constipation. Recent studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective method for restoring gut microbiota, as well as being efficacious in the treatment of FC. This mini review explains the characteristics of gut microbiota in FC patients, the mechanism of action of FMT, treatment modalities, current efficacy, and related problems. The purpose is to provide research directions and references for the future applications of FMT in FC.
Resilience Capacity Evaluation for the Safety Management System of Power Grid Enterprise Based on AHP-MEE Model
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Lu , Liu Jun , Wu Hejun , Xu Xiaomeng , Huang Dongmei , Jin Kan , Liu Jiafeng
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of urbanization and modernization, people’s requirements for electric power are also consequently increasing. It is thus essential to ensure the sustainable and stable supply of power and maintain the safety performance of the power grid. Constructing a modern safety management system (SMS) can effectively improve power enterprises’ ability to respond to emergencies. To effectively evaluate the ability of electric power enterprises to resist risk impact, and the recovery and optimization ability after impact, this paper makes a systematic investigation of the SMS of power enterprises. It evaluates the safety resilience capabilities of the SMS from four basic elements of stability, redundancy, efficiency, and adaptability. A multilevel evaluation system of electric power enterprises’ safety resilience capacity consists of four first-level and 25 second-level indices. Then, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and matter-element extension (MEE) joint model—the AHP-MEE evaluation model of the resilience capacity of power enterprises—is proposed. A case study of electric power enterprise safety resilience evaluation is conducted using the proposed resilience evaluation index system and assessment model. The results showed that the provided model agrees with the actual situation and verified the index system and model for electric power enterprise safety reliability and applicability. Improved enterprise safety resilience recommendations are proposed accordingly based on the evaluation results. This work proposes a robust safety resilience capacity evaluation method in the face of upcoming new risks, thus building a good working foundation to construct a new power system with new energy sources.
[Retracted] Fetal Congenital Cardiac and Vascular Disorders Associated with Sertraline Treatment during Pregnancy: Analysis of FAERS Data
Authors: Hong Fanzhen , Qiu Jianqing , Zhang Shanshan , Zhang Lei
Published: July 2022

Objective. Sertraline is one of the most commonly used antidepressants worldwide and is one of the first‐choice treatments for depression during pregnancy. This study is aimed at testing the possible association between sertraline intrauterine exposure and congenital cardiac and vascular disorder occurrences by assessing the publicly available US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods. Disproportionality analysis and Bayesian analysis were used to mine FAERS for suspected congenital cardiac and vascular disorder data for sertraline intrauterine exposure from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2021. Results. Among the 914 cases of sertraline used with congenital cardiovascular disease in the FAERS database, the reporting areas were mainly in the United States and Europe. The number of adverse events reported every year since 2004 has no many differences. Congenital anomalies are the most frequently reported serious clinical outcome. Among the 69 positive signals detected from 914 cases, 31 were invalid signals, and 38 were valid signals according to criteria. The most common ones are heart disease congenital, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and persistent fetal circulation. Conclusions. Mining FAERS data can analyze and study the adverse reactions of sertraline in a more comprehensive and in‐depth manner, thereby effectively reducing the risk of clinical medication.
DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm Based on Big Data Is Applied in Network Information Security Detection
Authors: Zhang Yan
Published: July 2022

In order to improve the certainty and clarity of information security detection, an application method of big data clustering algorithm in information security detection is proposed. The experimental results show that when the amount of data is close to 6000, the efficiency of the improved algorithm is nearly 70% higher than that of DBSCAN, and it is still very close to the efficiency of the BIRCH algorithm. The algorithm has a high processing speed for large-scale data sets without increasing the time complexity and can also accurately cluster clusters of any shape. When the data set increases from 9000 rows to 58000 rows, in turn, the time-consuming of the traditional DBSCAN algorithm increases sharply, while the time-consuming of the improved DBSCAN algorithm is still stable, and the time-consuming gap between the two is getting bigger and bigger. At the same time, the algorithm adopts a heuristic adaptive algorithm to estimate some threshold parameters of the clustering algorithm, which can avoid the direct setting of the threshold parameters by the user and can effectively estimate the relevant threshold parameters, extract clusters of any shape, and the clustering effect is obvious.
CDK7 Inhibition Synergizes with Topoisomerase I Inhibition in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Inducing Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteolysis of RNA Polymerase II
Authors: Sun Yilun , Zhang Yang , Schultz Christopher W. , Pommier Yves , Thomas Anish
Published: July 2022

Small cell lung cancers (SCLC) are highly aggressive, and currently there are no available targeted therapies. To identify clinically actionable drug combinations, we analyzed our previously reported chemogenomics screens and identified a synergistically cytotoxic combination of the topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitor topotecan and cycle-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) inhibitor THZ1. Topotecan causes cell death by generating TOP1-induced DNA breaks and DNA-protein cross-links (TOP1-DPC) that require proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for their repair. We find that inhibition of the transcriptional kinase CDK7 by THZ1 induces ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of RNA polymerase II and prevents the proteasomal degradation of TOP1-DPCs. We provide a mechanistic basis for combinatorial targeting of transcription using selective inhibitors of CDK7 and TOP1 in clinical trials to advance SCLC therapeutics.