bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERNET AS AN IDEOLOGICAL STATE APPARATUS
Authors: Durniev Oleksandr , Nekhaienko Oksana
Published: November 2023

This article analyzes the role of the Internet in modern society as an ideological apparatus of the state. The emergence of modern means of communication and mass communication (the Internet, mobile phones, etc.) created the possibility of receiving, storing and transmitting information without the direct participation of various subjects (public associations, authorities, politicians, parties) that impose their perception of the world. The authors consider how the transformation of ideology takes place, how it adapts to the information society. The article proves that ideology, despite certain negative connotations and, as it seemed ten years ago, a partial loss of influence, is still not an anachronism and remains a powerful tool for influencing mass consciousness. The authors analyze the key aspects of the impact of internetization on the formation of social consciousness and values. The article contains the results of a study of the use of the Internet by political forces and powerful groups that use the Internet to spread ideological views and influence citizens. The authors address the issue of privacy policies as dictating the agenda for the perception of various kinds of minorities and inequalities, and at the same time creating conditions for limiting freedom of thought. The main theses of the article are illustrated by individual examples of Internet platforms, such as the social networks “Facebook”, “Instagram”, as well as the streaming platform “Twitch”.
THE ROLE OF PUBLIC POLICY IN ENSURING PUBLIC HEALTH
Authors: Peresypkina Tеtyana , Nesterenko Valentina
Published: November 2023

A healthy population is the key to the long-term development and existence of any state. Therefore, one of the important tasks of the state is the development and implementation of relevant policies aimed at maintaining and strengthening the health of all segments of the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the role, influence and instruments of public policy for the preservation and promotion of public health. During the study, a retrospective analysis of the literature data, as well as the legal framework of Ukraine in the field of maintaining the health of the population, was performed. Adequate policies that may have an impact on the health of the population are implemented through ensuring the population's access to medical care; social protection measures; education and through economic aspects. The mechanism for implementing policies to ensure public health includes institutions and organizations that form the policy and interaction of all participants to implement policies, as well as regulatory and legal documents through which these initiatives are actually implemented. Today Ukraine is in difficult social and economic conditions. There is a negative trend in the health of the population. However, despite this, Ukraine implements policies to preserve and improve the health of the population by joining the global process of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals; adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On the system of public health”, which is aimed at protecting and strengthening the health of the population, preventing diseases, improving the quality and increasing life expectancy, ensuring the sanitary and epidemic well-being of the population; development of regulatory documents on priority areas for the development of the healthcare sector for the period up to 2025.
COVID-19 PANDEMICS IMPACT ON UKRAINIAN STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE EU, EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AND SOLIDARITY
Authors: Tupakhina Olena , Sikorska Iryna
Published: November 2023

The youth opinion and perceptions of the EU and EU-Ukraine relations and aspiration of Ukraine towards the EU membership have always been under the particular interest of scholars, policy-makers and civil society. Through years of Ukraine’s independence youth has been defined as a key target audience for the public policy, hence it is critically important to understand their opinions and attitudes, positions, and perceptions. As unprecedented a challenge as COVID-19 pandemics turned out to be for European solidarity and values could not but affect the attitudes to the EU and European integration in Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to identify any possible transformations the concept of EU and European solidarity occurred in the minds of Ukraine’s undoubtedly most pro-European social group (student youth aged 18–25). The survey was held by Ukrainian Association of Professors and Researchers of European Integration through March–May 2020, under the turbulent first months of pandemics at the very height of quarantine limitations in both the EU and Ukraine. By means of content analysis, concept analysis and categorization of unique empirical data collected within the frames of the all-Ukrainian student essay contest focused on COVID-19 impact upon European integration and solidarity, this study traces shifts in Ukrainian students’ attitudes to the EU and Ukraine’s European integration process and, where possible, identifies the types of media discourse and sources influencing the target group’s opinions.
A Review Paper on Lipoprotein(a) and its Biochemical Relevance as a Risk Factor in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: MT Joshua
Published: November 2023

The accumulation of lipids in the forms of increased total cholesterol (High Density Lipoprotein), Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein) in the blood stream is significant of several health conditions such as coronary congestive heart disease, atherosclerosis, heart failure and several other forms of cardiovascular diseases. Although several blood tests such as lipid profiling of individuals with diabetes type II as well as stroke has been the gold standard for the detection of increased total cholesterol in the arteries but this review paper revealed significant levels of the concentration of lipoprotein(a) (p<0.05) when measured in the assessments of individuals with diabetes. The ultimate reason for this research work is that measurements of lipoprotein(a) has proved to be more sensitive, accurate and specific in the detection of cholesterol especially with the measurement of low -density (LDL) lipoprotein as indicated in this research compared to the conventional methods of lipid profiling.
Factors Associated with Self-Care Practice among Adult Diabetes Patients
Authors: BA Ataro
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide, and the magnitude of its complication is steadily increasing in developing countries. Adherence to diabetes self-care activities is reportedly a vital strategy to halt diabetes related mortalities and morbidities. However, shortage of relevant studies on the area being made things difficult to understand the associated factors, the level of self-care practice and whether it has significantly fired up the prevalence of diabetes complications. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 213 diabetes mellitus patients follow-up at Tercha Zonal diabetes center selected by systematic random sampling. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe and test the association between selected variables. Statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Results: Out of the 213 study participants, only 84 (39.4%) had good self-care practices. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that attending secondary education P =0.01, and college and above P <0.001, and having diabetes complications, P=0.013 were significantly associated with self-care practice. Conclusion: The study revealed that a significant number of the study participant has poor self-care practices in control of diabetes mellitus and prevention of complication. Educational level and having diabetes complications were found statistically significantly associated with a good level of self-care practice. Therefore, all frontline healthcare providers should provide basic information and counselling regarding diabetes self-care practice
Serum Cystatin C and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease Prediction: A Preliminary Study in Ivorian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: EC Brou
Published: November 2023

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is the most common cause of the end stage renal disease worldwide. The gold standard for the early detection of this disease is the urinary albumin creatinine ratio (ACR). However, a significant proportion of people with type 2 diabetes have renal failure while remaining normoalbuminuric. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of cystatin C (cys C), as an early biomarker of renal impairment among Ivorian type 2 diabetics. Serum and urinary creatinine, serum glucose, albuminuria and serum cystatin C were determined in 50 diabetic patients. The glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation and the ACR was calculated. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied. Among normoalbuminuric patients, the cys C level in patients with lowered eGFR was statistically higher than those with normal eGFR. Moreover cystatin C was well correlated with eGFR (r= -0,74, P < 0,001). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, in normoalbuminuric patients with eGFR less than 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 GFR as reference, revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0,89 (95%). Serum cystatin C could help for early detection of diabetic kidney disease in support of urinary albumin, especially in normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes in Cote d’Ivoire.
Factors affecting depression and health-related quality of life in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kim Deok-Ju
Published: November 2023

Objectives: This study investigated changes in the health behaviors of the elderly due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), concerns due to COVID-19, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and aimed to identify factors that affect depression and HRQOL in the elderly.Methods: This study was conducted using data from the 2021 Community Health Survey of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. From a total sample size of 229,242 individuals, 74,376 elderly people aged 65 or older were selected as subjects, and changes in health behaviors, concerns due to COVID-19, depression, and HRQOL were measured and analyzed.Results: The level of depression associated with sleep and fatigue was high. The lowest HRQOL was related to physical pain and discomfort, while the most common concerns were related to economic difficulties. Factors influencing depression included worries about infection and economic harm, while factors impacting HRQOL encompassed concerns about infection, economic harm, and criticism from others.Conclusion: If an infectious disease situation such as COVID-19 reoccurs in the future, it will be necessary to encourage participation in hybrid online and offline programs at senior welfare centers. This should also extend to community counseling institutions like mental health welfare centers. Additionally, establishing connections with stable senior job projects can help to mitigate the effects of social interaction restrictions, physical and psychological health issues, and economic difficulties experienced by the elderly.
Turismo médico: revisión sistematizada de la literatura y evidencia
Authors: Ciupik Ana Celeste , Hutter Maria Florencia , Porto Natalia
Published: November 2023

Este trabajo realiza una revisión sistematizada de la literatura sobre turismo médico con el fin de conocer sus principales características y contribuir a la evidencia cuantitativa en el ámbito internacional. El término turismo médico carece de una definición consensuada y las cuestiones de volumen e impacto son discutidas por la literatura de forma principalmente narrativa y teórica. Se realiza un análisis de las metodologías aplicadas en la literatura y se toma como base a Loh (2013) para analizar las tendencias mundiales del turismo médico usando las series de viajes personales relacionados con la salud del Fondo Monetario Internacional para 2008-2017 e incorporando efectos fijos y variables de control al modelo de regresión lineal. No existe evidencia concluyente de una tendencia creciente de las importaciones y exportaciones de turismo médico. Los países de mayores ingresos son los que más comercian estas actividades. Casi todas las regiones superan en volumen de turismo médico a América Latina y Caribe.
Reflexões acerca de uma proposta para o ensino de Probabilidade envolvendo o jogo campo minado
Authors: Leocádio Luhan Antônio Lopes , Tinti Douglas da Silva
Published: November 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar e discutir uma proposta para o ensino de Probabilidade envolvendo o jogo campo minado. A proposta leva em consideração a perspectiva da pesquisa qualitativa e possui duas atividades que partem da valorização do processo de experimentação, da preocupação com o desenvolvimento do pensamento probabilístico e do raciocínio lógico. Na primeira atividade apresentada e discutida são analisadas quatro possíveis jogadas. Por meio das informações oferecidas na comanda da atividade, espera-se conduzir o aluno à conclusão de que a melhor jogada possível é a D. Nessa atividade, o conceito de Probabilidade não é definido formalmente, mas por meio da experimentação, de forma empírica. Já na segunda atividade proposta, evidencia-se uma possível abordagem para o conceito de eventos e suas classificações no âmbito da Probabilidade. Na segunda atividade, também, é explorada a noção de frequência relativa. Após o processo de apresentação de cada uma das atividades, é realizada uma discussão dos aspectos conceituais e procedimentais presentes em cada uma delas. Cabe destacar que a proposta se apresenta com a intenção de contribuir com espaços de formação de professores e, também, com os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de Probabilidade e Estatística no ensino médio.
Trends in Islamic Education Management Studies, 2018- 2022
Authors: Sulanam
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the trends in Islamic education management studies at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya and UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, as well as the factors driving these trends. After identifying the trends and their influencing factors, this research further proposes recommendations for bolstering Islamic education management studies. The analysis of these trends utilizes theses written by students of the Islamic education management study program at these two universities over five years, from 2018 to 2022. Considering that the theses are available online, the data in this study are sourced from the institutional repositories of both campuses. The data are classified into three study topics: management, leadership, and supervision. These topics are further categorized based on their study area, namely Islamic educational institutions. The data, presented in tables and graphs, are also supplemented with interviews with policy-makers. These interviews serve to delve deeper into the factors influencing the trends in studies. The research reveals a clustering of studies in certain sub-disciplinary areas, attributed to the tendencies in the supervisors' expertise and the availability of topics within the study program, which in turn shape the students' choices of thesis topics. Additionally, there is a factor of replication from previous studies conducted by former students.
Socioeconomy of Family Farmers in the Quilombola Settlement Project in Óbidos, Pará, Brazil: Subsidies for the Management of Quilombola Family Farming
Authors: Brelaz Ronei de Lima , Rebellato Lilian , Vieira Thiago Almeida
Published: November 2023

Objective: Analyze the socioeconomics of family farmers in the Quilombola Settlement Project in Óbidos-PA, in order to subsidize the management of Quilombola family production agricultural systems.
 
Theoretical framework: It presents the historical and institutional process of environmentally differentiated projects and the historical and current context of the existing quilombola communities in Brazil, as well as the current socioeconomic situation experienced by the quilombolas.
 
Method: The research is classified as quantitative-descriptive. A case study was carried out through the application of interviews and direct observation. 100 quilombola farmers from the municipality of Óbidos, Pará. Brazil participated in the research. Data were organized in Excel for Windows® spreadsheets and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
 
Results and conclusion: The results showed that most quilombola farmers have a low level of education, their families are relatively large and they live in precarious housing and basic sanitation conditions, with a monthly income of less than the minimum wage. The results also showed that family farming is the main source of income and subsistence and the federal government's social programs are the main sources of financial supplementation.
 
Research implications: This research will contribute with competent authorities and decision makers in proposing public policies that provide a better quality of life for settled families and promote the development of the local communities involved, which lead in the seventh position with the largest quilombola population in Brazil.
 
Originality/value: Knowledge of the socio-economics of quilombola family farmers in an agrarian reform settlement area will support public managers and representative entities in decision-making and management of agricultural systems of family production.
Outsourcing-based development of accounting and analytical support for the agricultural organizations' activities
Authors: SHIROBOKOV Vladimir G. , BABICHEVA Nadezhda E. , SOZONOV Andrei S.
Published: November 2023

Subject. This article discusses the transfer of secondary and main functions in the business processes of an agricultural organization to outsourcers, which can help the enterprise optimize the investment of resources and improve the efficiency of their use, as well as meet various requests of stakeholders in the field of accounting and analytical information on the activities of agribusiness entities.
Objectives. The article aims to reveal the main trends in the structural restructuring of the accounting system of agricultural business and characterize the options for organizing the accounting and analytical system of the subjects of the agri-food complex on the basis of outsourcing.
Methods. For the study, we used analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation.
Results. The article describes the modern processes of accounting interaction between agribusiness and external users in the context of the specifics of agricultural production, reveals the essence of outsourcing, including accounting, and highlights various aspects of the outsourcer's work.
Conclusions. The development of accounting in the context of the digitalization of the economy and the automation of accounting and analytical processes on the basis of outsourcing makes it possible to optimize the business processes of agricultural organizations and the relevance of information support for management decisions.
Deferred taxes in financial institutions: A review of empirical research and the role of tax effects in regulatory capital. Part 2
Authors: AKSENT'EV Andrei A.
Published: November 2023

Subject. This article examines the industry practices of the regulation of deferred taxes in financial institutions.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze the significance of deferred taxes for financial institutions (banks, insurance organizations) and determine the role of tax effects in regulatory capital.
Methods. The research is speculative. For the study, I used the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the method of collecting theoretical and regulatory information, the method of formalization, as well as analysis, synthesis, observation, and comparison.
Results. The article finds that the preventive nature of the accounting revaluation of deferred tax assets controls the probability of their recovery at the expense of future taxable profits, and therefore they should be included in the regulatory capital. It determines that a full reversal of the active deferred tax position is possible if the accounting assets generate income with the profitability necessary to cover the deductible temporary differences in excess of the balance sheet valuation of the assets.
Conclusions and Relevance. At present, the theoretical basis of deferred taxation continues to remain undisclosed. Deferred taxes are an artificial information construct that refines the measurement of assets at fair value. Deferred taxes alone are not able to generate cash flow, they reconcile the tax flow with the financial flow in relation to the fair value of assets in order to show how much value the assets will generate taking into account the current tax situation. The results of the study can be useful to practitioners in the field of deferred tax accounting and banking management, as well as analysts and researchers whose activities are focused on accounting, taxation, and other persons concerned who study the theoretical and financial aspects of deferred taxes.
Living standards as a factor in ensuring the economic growth quality
Authors: ERMAKOVA Eka R. , ILYAKOVA Irina E.
Published: November 2023

Subject. This article examines the consumer component of economic growth.
Objectives. The article aims to substantiate the need to improve the standard of living of the population of Russia and analyze the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the standard of living of the country's population and the pace of its economic development.
Methods. For the study, we used the general scientific research methods.
Results. The article finds that the main factor limiting Russia's economic development is the excessive inequality between the incomes of the poorest and the richest.
Conclusions. The article concludes that the investment model of socio-economic growth in Russia has not been formed. The full potential of the entrenched consumer growth model must be realized by expanding the material opportunities of low- and middle-income groups.
Innovative mechanisms for designing the system of public administration of the industry
Authors: BORSHCH Marina N. , EMEL'YANOV Igor' V.
Published: November 2023

Subject. This article discusses the development of wind energy in Russia.
Objectives. The article aims to identify a set of key management objects and develop a process model for the functioning of the State management system of the electric power industry.
Methods. For the study, we used a systems analysis.
Results. Based on the analysis of the regulatory legal acts governing the development of the electric power industry in Russia, the article designs a single control loop for the industry. It finds that the problems of the existing system of governance lie in the fragmentation and disparity of its elements with each other. For the received projects of the federal system of public administration in the energy sector, the article offers complete lists of elements that eliminate the identified problems.
Conclusions. The results of the study can be taken into account when developing projects for the use of renewable energy sources in Russia.
Migration balance in Russian Regions: Estimates based on current vital statistics and 2010 and 2020–2021 census surveys data
Authors: CHERNYSHEV Konstantin A.
Published: November 2023

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the implementation of current registration of migration and the conduct of population censuses in the Russian Federation.
Objectives. The article aims to conduct a critical analysis of the official indicators of migration growth (loss) in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Methods. For the study, I used statistical research methods.
Results. The article identifies the regions of Russia with the highest relative migration growth and relative migration loss. For the majority of regions characterized by high migration growth, the census showed an underestimation of migration, and in regions where there is an intensive decline in the population, an underestimation of migration loss was revealed.
Conclusions. An estimate of migration growth based on the balance of the population makes it possible to identify the undercount of migration, as well as to more accurately identify donor and recipient regions.
Relationalität und dialogisches Selbst
Authors: Staemmler Frank-M.
Published: November 2023

Die meisten psychotherapeutischen Verfahren haben nach einer mehr oder weniger individualistisch orientierten Anfangsphase in den letzten Jahrzehnten eine „relationale Wende“ vollzogen und sowohl hinsichtlich ihres Menschenbildes als auch bezüglich ihrer therapeutischen Praxis die Bezogenheit des Menschen auf Andere zunehmend in den Fokus gerückt. Die dabei formulierten Konzepte von Relationalität unterscheiden sich jedoch durchaus; sie liegen, selbst innerhalb eines einzelnen Ansatzes, auf einer Achse zwischen einem „schwachen“ und einem „starken“ Verständnis menschlicher Bezogenheit. In diesem Artikel werden einige Aspekte dieser Konzepte dargestellt und in Bezug auf den Personzentrierten Ansatz diskutiert. Dabei werden die Konsequenzen herausgearbeitet, die das vom Autor vertretene Verständnis einer starken Relationalität für ein Konzept des Selbst mit sich bringen: Es ist nicht nur dialogisch, sondern auch plural konstituiert und von seinem Wesen her prozessual.
Das „wahre“ Selbst als Erfahrung – das kongruente Selbst als wissenschaftliches Konstrukt dazu
Authors: Gutberlet Michael
Published: November 2023

Im Artikel wird Position bezogen zu Staemmlers Ausführungen zu „Relationalität und dialogisches Selbst“ in diesem Heft. Es wird herausgearbeitet, dass es für den Personzentrierten Ansatz – verstanden im Sinn von Carl Rogers – keine „relationale Wende“ braucht. Rogers’ Menschenbild kann man weit weniger „individualistisch“ verstehen als von Staemmler und anderen behauptet: Die Verbundenheit der Person mit ihrer Umwelt ist in der Theorie des PCA fest verankert. Die Annahme eines „wahren“ Selbst, die Staemmler als überholt kritisiert, wird in ihrer Bedeutung als kongruentes Selbst im Rahmen der Persönlichkeitstheorie des PCA erklärt und illustriert. Abschließend wird erläutert, warum der Autor den Divergenzen zwischen oder innerhalb der Theorien für die Praxis der Personzentrierten Psychotherapie und Beratung wenig Bedeutung beimisst.
Der ‚eigene‘ Ton
Authors: Staemmler Frank-M.
Published: November 2023

Der Autor antwortet auf die Kommentare, die Markus Steffen und Michael Gutberlet zu seinem primären Artikel über „Relationalität und dialogisches Selbst“ verfasst haben. Dabei geht er insbesondere auf das Thema der Empathie, auf das Konstrukt des sogenannten „wahren Selbst“ sowie auf den in unserer Kultur vorherrschenden Individualismus ein, der in vielen psychotherapeutischen Konzepten implizit enthalten ist und die möglichen Wirkungen therapeutischer Praxis einschränkt.
Auf der Suche nach der verlorenen Zukunft
Authors: Galliker Mark , Klein Margot
Published: November 2023

Die sinnvollen Errungenschaften Rogers’ zu bewahren, bedeutet nicht „Dogmatismus“, sondern ist die Voraussetzung für die Weiterentwicklung einer humanistischen Psychotherapie, die nicht nach Maßgabe wissenschaftlich fragwürdiger Klassifikationssysteme und Therapieforschungen instrumentell ausgerichtet wird. Aufgrund der sogenannten Evidenzbasierten Therapieforschung ist es nicht möglich, die Effektivität therapeutischer Verfahren adäquat zu evaluieren, diese Verfahren eingehend zu untersuchen oder sie gar zu verbessern, was jedoch im Jubiläumsartikel sowie vom Wissenschaftlichen Beirat Psychotherapie ausgeblendet wurde.
Der Personzentrierte Ansatz im Bereich migrationstypischer Spannungsfelder
Authors: Barth Matthias
Published: November 2023

Ausgangspunkt ist die Frage nach Ressourcen des Personzentrierten Ansatzes in der psychotherapeutischen Arbeit mit Klienten mit Migrationsbiographie. Zunächst werden für Betroffene häufig relevante Spannungsbereiche skizziert, wie beispielsweise Wertkonflikte oder Verunsicherungen im Identitätserleben zwischen unterschiedlichen Lebenswelten. Anhand theoretischer Reflexion und Praxisbezügen wird als besondere Stärke des PCA der durch Haltung und Beziehung gewährte unbedrohliche und vertrauensbildende Rahmen hervorgehoben, der Stabilität fördert und eine sichere Basis für integrative Erlebensverarbeitung schafft. Das empathische therapeutische Eingehen auf den durch unterschiedliche kulturelle Gegebenheiten geprägten inneren Bezugsrahmen der Klienten begünstigt adaptive Veränderungen von Einstellungen und Selbstkonzepten – nicht als bloße Anpassungsleistung, sondern im Sinne einer Erweiterung der Erlebens- und Handlungsspielräume. Im Weiteren wird auf einige praktisch-methodische Besonderheiten im diskutierten Arbeitsfeld Bezug genommen. Insgesamt wird der Personzentrierte Ansatz als sehr geeigneter Zugang zu migrationstypischen Spannungsfeldern beschrieben, unabhängig davon, ob diese im Zentrum der Therapie stehen oder ob sie bloß akzentuierend im Rahmen andersweitiger Problemstellungen auf tauchen.
An Interpretation of the Modern World through W. B. Yeats’s “The Second Coming” (1919) and T.S. Eliot’s "Sweeney Erect" (1919)
Authors: Mohammed Ashti Anwar
Published: November 2023

This research deals with the modern world and theliterary and nonliterary influences that shaped the world in thetwentieth century. These influenced the two outstanding poets towrite their well-known-poems, especially Yeats’s “The SecondComing” (19191) and Eliot’s “Sweeney Erect” (1919),furthermore; it deals with the strong connection between the twopoets and their two interlinked poems. It is also a critical readingabout W. B. Yeats’s poem “The Second Coming” (1919), and thedestructive world in the aftermath of the First World War isdelineated and the behaviour and attitudes of the modern manin the twentieth society is pinpointed. T. S. Eliot’s poem,“Sweeney Erect” (1919), is critically interpreted in detail.Moreover, the infidelity and the hypocrisy of modern man in themodern world and the absurdity of the modern life are presentedthroughout the poem. Finally, the researcher concluded thatthere is a strong connection between the two poems as they showthe life of the modern man which is not harmonious, and peoplebecome senseless about the crisis of the human being that is whyYeats thinks that it is the time for the return of Christ to teachthem about their sordid and absurd life. Reader-ResponseAnalysis and Textual Analysis Approaches are used in theanalysis of the poems.
The Impact of Compensation in Translating Classical Arabic Poetry into English: An Analytical Study
Authors: Mohammed Kawkab Salim
Published: November 2023

Translating classical Arabic poetry into English is inevitablyproblematic. This is due to the uniqueness and exclusiveness of theword and form of the Arabic poetry on the one hand, and to the greatgap between the two languages on the other hand. Some translatorsadopt compensation as a strategy to overcome many difficulties ofmeaning loss in translating such type of texts. The current analyticalstudy attempts to show the impact of using compensation in translatingMuallaqat Emro' Al- Qais into English by adopting Hervey & Higgins'(1992) model. The study ends with some concluding remarks, the mostimportant one among them is that compensation in not necessarily aneffective strategy. On the contrary, it could lead to deepening theunfamiliarity and loss of the semantic precision of the ST in the TT.
Eco-poetry in Elizabeth Bishop’s Selected Poems
Authors: Mousa Shubbar Abdul Adil
Published: November 2023

It is quiet astonishing to know the deep powerful influences of nature,environment and their creatures on human beings that help shaping anddeveloping the poets mental and actual realization of life. This field ofstudy is called Eco criticism which developed to be an important branchof literary criticism. This literary approach studies literary texts withreference to the interaction between the vast spectra of human activitiesand interests in flora, fauna, landscape, environment and weather. It isconcerned with a special realm of communication with nature thatcannot be realized easily without dedication and awareness.
THE EFL LEARNERS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS USING MOODLE AS AN LMS FOR LEARNING ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors: Rassul Tahseen Husein , Wali Husein Ali
Published: November 2023

The present study is empirical which attempts to examine the EFL tertiary learners’ attitudes towards using Moodle as an LMS in an English course of conversational listening and speaking skills. The research design is a quantitative approach to collecting and analysing the research data. Owing to the current prevalence of the pandemic Coronavirus (COVID-19), most of the Iraqi Kurdistan universities have attempted to find a way to keep the social distance and teach learners in an alternative way using different methods including E-learning, Blended Learning, and even online learning. Furthermore, due to existing large classes, the university instructors have also been attempting to increase the learners’ motivation, interaction, exposure and practice through implementing Moodle as an LMS, at least at the public universities of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region.The study aims to find out the tertiary learners’ attitudes towards using Moodle in English language learning before and after the experiment in second-year at English Department/ College of Basic Education/ Salahaddin University-Erbil for the academic year 2019-2020. For this reason, the researchers taught a group of 20 learners a 13-week conversation
Social Isolation and Loneliness: A Psychoanalytic Reading of Jojo Moyes' Me Before You
Authors: Hassoon Ahmed Khalid , Rasheed Lamiaa Ahmed
Published: November 2023

The current paper investigates the concept of isolation and loneliness in the contemporary novel of Jojo Moyes’ Me Before You, which is written in 2012. Embodying the elements of romance and romanticism, the novel is described by many critics as a romantic comedy that narrates a true love story. The study explores the theme of isolation and loneliness by relying on psychoanalysis perspectives to interpret these two concepts. It adopts a framework of psychoanalysis views, particularly Freud’s concept of isolation, to study the characters' motives towards isolation and solitude, as well as to reveal the physical and emotional conditions that the characters have encountered in their community. It also points out that the pattern of isolation can be considered as a defense mechanism to protect the characters against their harmful thoughts showing the starkness of their surroundings circumstances. It sheds the light on the reasons of Will’s, the major character, thinking about his disability and how he detached himself from the social life as a form of defense, and then attempts to end his life.
Modernity and Personal Experiments in Walker’s The Color Purple (1982)
Authors: Abdulsamad Zhiar Sarkawt , Albanna Juan Abdullah
Published: November 2023

Women in the modern era have been defined as being revolutionary and opposed to the traditional representation of their lives. Alice Walker (February 1944-) a Pulitzer Prize-winning figure is an African-American novelist, critic and poet who has vigorously defended women's modernist innovations and African American civil rights in her works. Her novel The Color Purple (1982) explores the African American female experience through the life and struggles of the narrator of the novel. What distinguishes The Color Purple is the very feature of psychological state of the heroine whilst struggling for her minimal rights of being a woman and black. The heroine of the novel Celie is revolutionary and anti-traditional. Walker planted her own personal experience within The Color Purple through the sufferings and traumatic life of the female characters.Walker through “Womanism”, a term coined by herself representing Black feminism, combines critical elements in The Color Purple, namely the importance of black history and heritage and the centrality of female creativity and competence in that heritage, which are often symbolized by quilts, sisterhood, liberation, self-identity, double consciousness and other symbols. Further through exhibiting African American woman’s twice-oppressed state, as they were double-discriminated racially and sexually by Americans, on the one hand by white Americans, on the other, by their fellow black male counterparts. The epistolary style of The Color Purple is probably an essential feature of modern literary output. The letters are used to manifest Celie and other characters’ lives to readers. Furthermore, within The Color Purple, Walker employs the very modern African American literary feature which is “Neo-Slave Narrative”. Through Neo-Slave Narrative, she displays her black female characters’ still-enslaved status in the modern era to form a juxtaposition between narrations of her fellow oppressed black women and Slave-Narrations of enslaved African Americans like Harriet Jacobs and Sojourner truth.
The grammatical effect in directing the structures of the word "purchase" in the Holy Qur’an
Authors: خلف حميد الدليمي عبدالمنعم عبدالله
Published: November 2023

The most important thing in our tagged research (the grammatical impact in directing the structures of the word "purchase" in the Holy Qur’an) is that the Holy Qur’an is the basis of Arabic science and from it we derive our culture and our duties, and from it we draw inspiration from what is permissible for us and what is forbidden to us, and thus we dived into the search for the structures of the verb (shara) in the Qur’an Al-Karim represented by (They bought it; He buys; They bought; he bought it; he bought), then explaining the role of grammar judging this in the economic and commercial light. And the second topic (combinations of the word “shara” with the verb “buy more”), and the approach followed was descriptive and analytical. The paper ends with a conclusion which sums up the most important results of the study.
Students' Attitudes towards Virtual Learning in Consecutive Interpreting
Authors: Hussein Gailan Mahmoud , Khalif Ali Abed Al-Muttalib
Published: November 2023

This paper sheds light on the students' attitudes about Visual Learning (VL) during online Consecutive Interpreting (CI) courses and to what extent this type of education is important to influence the skills required in performing consecutive interpreting. This type of oral communication demands good skills in order to receive the source message comprehensibly form the speaker and render it accurately and efficiently in the Second Language(SL). CI is initiated when the interpreter receives the Source Message( SM) from the speaker and renders it within a specific period of time into Target Message (TM) to the listener. This paper shows how the VL influences the students' skills required when they interpret consecutively . Forty students from Department of Translation/ College of Arts/ University of Tikrit have been selected as respondents to see if the VL has affected their performance in CI during a distance learning course due to COV-19 pandemic instructions. Ten-items questionnaire has been distributed to the students after studying an online course in CI to see their attitudes towards this course and to what extent their learning influenced by technological apps.
Character Dimensions in Karwan Omer Kakasor’s novel (Shall I See My Childhood Friend Again?)
Authors: Mahmood Shno Mohmmed , Fatah Karwan Mohammed
Published: November 2023

This research entitled (Character Dimensions in Karwan Omer Kakasor’s novel Shall I See My Childhood Friend Again?) is an attempt to answer the question: What is the importance of the character element in general and particularly in this novel? If we know that the character is the closest element to the novelist in order to express his views and ideology, then it will be easy to explain the importance of the character in the novel as a kind of narration, because everything that happens in the text, is due to the activity of the characters
Representing Blacks in Faulkner's “The Sound and the Fury”
Authors: Hamad Hasan Salih
Published: November 2023

This study deals with William Faulkner's novel, The Sound and the Fury (1929). In the United States, no writer sounds more American than William Faulkner, who impresses the reader as being deeply rooted in his native land. Faulkner's favorite subject is the decline and moral disintegration of the South. The Sound and the Fury depicts how the Old Southern Order was, in Faulkner's words, "cursed" by slavery and bore the seeds of ruin in itself. Faulkner's work reflects a modern world beset by moral confusion
On English Order of Adjectives
Authors: Saleem Al-Nuaimi Hashim Saadoon , Izreji Ali Sulaiman
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates an important subject in English; that is “the correct order of adjectives in front of a noun in a noun phrase”. If the learners of English wants to speak and write like a native speaker, they must avoid using wrong order of adjectives which sounds ackward and odd for native listeners. The investigator of this article views that this research can be regarded as an important chance to improve the learners’ ability in understanding this aspect of English grammar because the research will show you how to list adjectives in the correct order, which will make you sound more natural when you speak.
The expressive feature of adherence to the relationship in the verbal similarities in the Holy Qur’an
Authors: محمد المذود قحطان جاسم
Published: November 2023

Orientation of similar verses requires signs that lift the confusion of their forms, and to show the jokes and rhetorical subtleties that appear behind this difference between them. The restriction of one of the two verses to the neighbor and the descent and the absence of the other from them, was only a wisdom requested by those who probe the depths of the Qur’anic text, and this restriction may come based on the general and the particular Or the characteristic of intent, or the different status of the speaker, addressee, or informant, or it is based on an absolute that benefits comprehensiveness, and a restriction that benefits specificity, and so on.
Directive and Commissive Speech Acts in the Iraqi Constitution (2005)
Authors: Ali Muzher Ghadeer , Abdulwahid Yasir Younis
Published: November 2023

Legislative language is a specialised language and must be precise, clear, and comprehensive. It is famous for its odd or unique meanings. Because of the oddness of these meanings, this kind of language is difficult to understand by laymen and even by educated people. The present paper provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of directive and commissive speech acts that are employed by the Iraqi Constitution (2005). It aims at identifying their use, contribution and function. The analysis of data is based on Searle's classification of speech acts (1979). The conclusions show that commissive speech acts are more frequent than directives ones because in commissives the speaker, the Constitution, commits itself for future actions, gives guarantees and promises, whereas in directives, the Constitution itself gives orders and pledges to become laws.
The Image of the Woman in Harold Pinter's The Birthday Party
Authors: Abdullah Almaaroof Ansam Riyadh , Isa Nisreen Fadhil
Published: November 2023

The Birthday Party (1957) by Harold Pinter vividly depicts the reality of the modern woman, with a straightforward breakdown in communication among some of the characters. Pinter makes every effort to portray this truth throughout this piece. He speaks with many pauses and silences, implying that language isn't as crucial to modern women as it once was. The power of silence, according to Pinter, is greater than that of speech. As a result, Pinter's plays have long and brief pauses. The drama is about the degeneration of human beings and the dying process. The paper follows feminism as a critical theory. It hypothesizes that Pinter is a feminist playwright who criticizes society for the improper portrayal f woman.
THE PHONOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AMONG NON-ARABIC SPEAKING STUDENTS OF HAUSA AND METHODS OF SOLVING THEM
Authors: يونس إبراهيم علي , خالد حامد علي
Published: November 2023

This article aims to study the pronunciation problems related to the phonetic aspect that non-Arabic-speaking students of Hausa suffer from, and the study adopted the descriptive analytical approach and the contrastive approach. The significance of this study comes from the fact that it seeks to study the most important branch among the linguistic branches, which is the phonetics. It also acquires its importance in that it is based on analyzing the difficulties experienced by Hausa students when pronouncing some Arabic sounds, and shows the reason for these difficulties, while drawing methods to overcome them and putting steps to solve these problems. The study concluded that pronouncing some Arabic sounds is one of the biggest linguistic problems that most Hausa students suffer from, due to the difference of their mother tongue (Hausa) from the Arabic language in sound pattern, points of articulation, manners and the pronunciation habits of the Arabic native speakers. The finding also revealed that the majority of these students face Great difficulty in pronouncing Arabic sounds that do not exist in Hausa Language, such as: (Өث , ḥح , ḫخ , ’ع , ṣص , ḍض , ḏذ , d⸮ظ ) and we also found that, the pronunciation of the dark sounds correctly, is one of the big problem to them.
The style of command in the Al-Taia al-Kubra poem of Ibn al-Faridh ( Rhetorical study )
Authors: مجيد إسماعيل كمال , كريم نوال نعمان
Published: November 2023

The main aim of this study is to shed light on the writing style of command mood including command and non-command used in the poetry of Ibn-Faridh in (Ta’ya). It also discusses many grammatical features in his poetry. The researcher uses a descriptive analytical method to explain the rhetorics, analyze the quantity of the number of vocabularies and articles of subjunctive mood including both types command and non-command, and analyzes the linguistic texts used in his poetry. This study can answer these questions, who is Ibn-farith? What is the effect of command mood in the poetry of Ibn-Farith? What are the main features of Sufism during the Abbasian Era?
The types of characters in the Novel "Nights of Adam" by Bayan Salman
Authors: Hassan Mariwan Omer , Arif Ashti Hussein
Published: November 2023

Undoubtedly, Characters are of great significance in novels cannot be written without them. The character is classified in several types in the novel, Each of these categories is based on a purpose. Eventually, all these types are reflected in the novel. This study is an attempt to present the types of characters in the novel. This study is an attempt to present the types of characters in the novel using a descriptive analysis method. Our research consists of two chapters. The first part entitled” concepts of characters in the novel”, an account is given regarding the main terms of the study including “, character, and the types of character in novels”. The second part entitled “the types of characters in the Novel "Nights of Adam" by “Bayan Salman”.