bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СЛОВА-СИМВОЛИ У ТВОРАХ ГРИГОРІЯ СКОВОРОДИ ЯК ОЗНАКА ХУДОЖНЬОГО МИСЛЕННЯ
Authors:   Донбаський державний педагогічний університет, Лисенко Наталія , Тендітна Надія ,   Донбаський державний педагогічний університет
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the words-symbols in the artistic and philosophical world of Gryhoriy Skovoroda. Based on the classification of D. Chizhevsky, in the symbolism of the Ukrainian Baroque poet considered concepts-symbols by the following meanings: biblical words-symbols, archetypal symbols, cosmogonic words-symbols, symbols-names of creatures, natural phenomena, to denote the peculiarities of the environment. The poet-philosopher in his works uses such biblical words-symbols as God, Christ, the Bible, the heart, the angel, the prophet, the cross. In the works of G. Skovoroda there are archetypal images-symbols of fire, light, water, blood, circles. In the works analyzed by us, G. Skovoroda uses such cosmogonic words-symbols as: sun, moon, star, star. The word-symbol of the wing in the poet’s works is closely connected with biblical symbols, creates a positive characteristic and means «take-off». In the works of G. Skovoroda the main function of symbolic names of birds, such as: crow, dove, nightingale, eagle and hawk, characterological, it carries an emotional load. In the collection «Fairy Tales of Kharkiv» words-symbols to denote the names of animals represent certain human qualities. Gryhoriy Skovoroda also used symbols-names of natural phenomena in his work, in particular, such as: thunder, lightning, clouds, rainbow. Quite often in the works of G.S. Skovoroda there are such words-symbols to denote the features of the natural environment, such as forest, sea, roads. According to research, Christian symbols were of great importance to Gryhoriy Skovoroda, but a significant part of the symbols came to his worldview from the ideas of the ancient Slavs.
ОБРАЗ ГЕРОЯ-ХУДОЖНИКА НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ТВОРІВ ВОЛОДИМИРА ВИННИЧЕНКА
Authors:   Івано-Франківського національного медичного університету, Кобзей Наталія
Published: January 2023

In modern science of literature there is a growing interest in the subject of the artist and his creative process as one of the ways of self-expression of extraordinary personality in the real world in general and in the art world in particular, and to study the nature of the artist. Fine art occupied a significant place in the aesthetics and poetics of Vladimir Vynnychenko. The themes and issues of some of his literary works were influenced by the creative environment of Paris, where the writer spent many years, as well as personal acquaintance with individual Impressionist artists. Vynnychenko’s characters are the protagonists, they always conflict with the world, although they do not always win in these confrontations. They are often lonely, lacking support and understanding, but strong. Innovative artists are not afraid to loudly declare a decisive break with tradition, call for the improvement of technology and depiction of exclusively human material, choose emotional and highly psychological subjects of paintings, observe and depict feelings. This approach in painting was quite obvious for Vynnychenko, an artist, and the literary work of the great Ukrainian is considered in the context of the world’s leading psychoanalytic currents of the twentieth century. So it is not surprising that psychologism in the work of the writer was decisive. In Vynnychenko’s analyzed works of art we meet various images of artists, observe their work, hear their thoughts on painting, imagine the era in which they lived and worked. We understand that for both them and Vynnychenko, the focus is on the direct fixation of impressions and observations, on deep psychologism and philosophical understanding of reality. The themes of Vynnychenko’s paintings are diverse. However, unifying for all is the focus on the so-called “humanity” of the paintings. Artists focus on facial expressions, conveying expectations, hopes, inner anxiety. Psychological interpretation of images and expressiveness in the transfer of human character are welcome. The degradation of classical art with its primitive and stereotypical paintings focused on the rich bourgeoisie becomes obvious to all. Aesthetic ideals are also changing. Ugliness often breaks through external beauty, or the ugly manifests internal beauty. The concepts of “aesthetics of the ugly” and “beauty of pain” become identical with “new art”.
ON THE UKRAINIAN-POLISH FORUM OF HISTORIANS AND RELATED INSIGHTS ON POLICY MAKING AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Authors:   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Mieliekiestsev Kyrylo
Published: January 2023

This paper focuses on preserving, translating and analyzing pieces of information on the 2015–2018 Ukrainian- Polish Forum of Historians, allowing for knowledge of this event to be spread beyond Ukraine and Poland. Through this article the author wishes to show that to the governments of Central and Eastern Europe, such as Ukraine and the Republic of Poland, history became a consideration in state policy, due to massive shifts of views on how to approach history between the era of totalitarian Soviet domination and the development of current democratic governments. Although it is something that would be considered outside of state purview in the West, possibly even called “undemocratic”, the government’s interest in how history is told to the population must be viewed in the context of both information warfare, and in how the countries of Central and Eastern Europe approach international relations. Because of this, the Ukrainian-Polish Forum of Historians, organized by Polish and Ukrainian Institutes of National Remembrance (differential in their approaches to what can be considered “shared history”) is of interest as an example of how joint discussions of history, attempts to find a common position, or a compromise, were considered relevant and needed for policy makers in Poland and Ukraine. Analyzing the prerequisites of the events, the topics discussed at the Forum (largely concerning mid-20th century history of Poland and Ukraine), and its results we conclude that, although the differences on how Ukrainian and Polish governments viewed their countries’ history eventually led to the Forum stopping, the initiative led to new actions from independent actors trying to support the idea of shared forgiveness and modern Polish-Ukrainian unity despite different views on various historical events. That shows that politics of memory affect Ukrainian and Polish policymaking, allowing an alternative perspective on the theory of international relations, one that considers not simply realist expectations, but emotional attachments to a country’s past and wishes to see that past respected, or at least not actively opposed, by other nations.
Effective Contract as a Tool for the University’s Sustainable Development
Authors: Borovskaya M. A. , Masych M. A. , Fedosova T. V. , Bechvaya M. R.
Published: January 2023

The article describes the experience of managing the university’s sustainable development from the standpoint of increasing the efficiency of its activities through organizing a system of effective contracts and individual ratings of teaching staff. The case of Southern Federal University shows the essence of the implemented management decisions. The purpose of this article is to describe approaches to the formation of indicators and performance criteria for the exchange of experience with other universities. The article provides methodological justifications for an «effective contract», the results of effective contracts implementation analysis in higher education organizations based on a 2021 statistical survey of a sample of universities conducted as part of the state task of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation. The analysis of Southern Federal University’s practice showed that the system of an effective contract is characterized as an effective tool for managing the sustainable development of the university. The results of the monitoring confirmed that effective contracts are a working tool for managing the universities’ development, which requires regular improvement and effective implementation when managing a university’s sustainable development.
Metodological aspects of clinical hemostasiology teaching for internal medicine residents
Authors: Chulkov V. S. , Shumakova O. A. , Vereina N. K. , Chulkov V. I. , Minina E. E. , Sinitsin S. P.
Published: January 2023

Modern teaching to young physicians has become increasingly limited because of rising clinical workload, due to the epidemiological situation, new requirements for medical documentation, the lack of a clear timetable of working hours and other educational features. Additionally, today’s residents expect that the training sessions will provide focused content integrated into their clinical workflow. One of the classical teaching methods that is ideally suited to meet these needs is a focused thematic training session, usually conducted with the help of simple but accessible visual aids and extensive audience participation. However, most listeners will benefit from structured content and guidance on the delivery of this content, also known as a learning scenario. A good learning scenario resident’s misconception, highlights a certain number of learning moments, uses strategies to engage students and provides a cognitive basis for teaching a topic that the teacher can improve over time. The proposed pedagogical concept of teaching sections of clinical hemostasiology for residents in the specialty "Therapy" orients the professional and cognitive interest of a young specialist against the background of constantly updated new knowledge in this field with the integration of scenarios of the content of training into clinical practice.
Self-development of a studen t— a future doctor in the educational environment of a medical university
Authors: Chumakov V. I. , Chumakov I. V.
Published: January 2023

Aim. The article is devoted to the analysis of the experience of developing and testing the system of acmeological training of medical university students based on the Young Teacher School technology. The aim was to generalize the pedagogical experience of the teacher curator of the School of Mastery and the Young Teacher School of the Medical University, to reveal the strategy and methods of self-development of students in the educational environment of a medical university.

Material and methods. The use of methods of theoretical analysis and evaluation of information obtained in the process of studying scientific and methodological literature, comparison, grouping of data, generalization made it possible to substantiate the acmeological foundations of the Young Teacher School and the School of Mastery as an element of personalized learning for 1-5-year students of a medical university. The study involved 239 respondents — full-time and part-time students.

Results. The presented educational system, based on the acmeological model of student self-development, integrates the characteristics inherent in personalized learning: self-motivation, dual desirability of the lesson, self-knowledge and self-prediction. Expert assessment (professors and associate professors of Volgograd State Medical University), and self-assessment of the results of pedagogical experience, interpretation of the data obtained in the process of questioning students, indicate that the developed system has been successfully tested.

Conclusion. We developed a personalized acmeological approach to teaching medical students pedagogy, as well as teaching students of the "social work" direction disciplines, in which the individual trajectory of mastering professional and pedagogical competencies is determined by the formation of the student’s subject position, the organization of the educational process as an acmeological personalized pedagogical technology, which can be considered as an innovative pedagogical approach in medical school.
Evaluation of Insecticide Toxicity and Enzymatic Detoxification in Neonate Larvae of European Grapevine Moth, Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: MERMER Serhan , YALÇIN Melis , KOZACI Leyla Didem , TURGUT Cafer
Published: January 2023

Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), also known as the European grapevine moth is a detrimental pest in grape production in Palearctic Region. Insecticides are used to control L. botrana infestation in grape-produced areas; however, repeated and intensive use of insecticide causes reduced efficacy in L. botrana management. In the present study, the efficacy of five commonly used insecticides (chlorpyrifos-ethyl, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, lambda-cyhalothrin, and spinosad) was evaluated in two field populations (AL and SAR) from Manisa, Turkey. In addition, detoxification enzyme activities including esterase (EST) and glutathion-S-transferase (GST) were measured via in vitro assays. LC50 values were found lower for chlorpyrifos-ethyl, emamectin benzoate, and spinosad and higher for indoxacarb and lambda-cyhalotrin in AL populations compared to SAR population. EST levels were slightly higher in AL population compared to SAR. GST levels were found higher in SAR population. However, no statistical difference was found in both detoxification enzyme activities and EST enzyme levels were higher than GST enzyme levels in both populations. Findings of the current study would help growers as well as the applicator to strategize their insecticide use in integrated pest management programs for L. botrana and possibly mitigate any insecticide resistance development.
Level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of General Physicians in West Java, Indonesia on Middle Ear Inflammation
Authors: Salsabila Aziza , Lasminingrum Lina , Mahdiani Sally , Boesoirie Shinta Fitri , Purwanto Bambang
Published: January 2023

Background: The prevalence of middle ear inflammation in West Java is still relatively high. General practitioners are at the forefront who see and treat the patients directly; thus, the number of cases can be reduced by increasing the competence of general practitioners. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of general practitioners in West Java towards middle ear inflammation, as an evaluation for improving health services in the community.Methods: This research was a descriptive study with a questionnaire conducted in August–December 2021 conducted online with a probability sampling technique of at least 368 general practitioners in West Java. The level of knowledge, attitude, and practices were calculated using the Guttman scale. The data were presented as a frequency distribution.Results: The results showed that the majority of the general practitioners still had poor knowledge of middle ear inflammation (n=325; 84.6%) as well as the attitude (n=333; 86.7%) and the level of practice (n=340; 88.5%).Conclusions: The level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of general practitioners in West Java towards middle ear inflammation is poor. Special interventions and approaches are needed to improve the competence of general practitioners in West Java based on the Standard Competency of Indonesian Doctors.
Knowledge towards Thalassemia and Willingness to Screen among Students in Public Senior High School 3 Bandung
Authors: Triatin Rima Destya , Rakhmilia Lulu Eva , Sribudiani Yunia , Susanah Susi
Published: January 2023

Background: Thalassemia carrier screening is a major preventive measure  potentially influenced by the level of knowledge, particularly in adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of health education on knowledge of thalassemia in adolescents and its association with their willingness to do thalassemia screening.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data regarding knowledge of thalassemia before and after health education sessions from 229 students at Public Senior High-School 3 Bandung. All participants attended a one-day health education in July 2019. A questionnaire was filled in to measure their knowledge regarding thalassemia before and after the session, including knowledge on etiology and definition, risk of disease, clinical manifestations, treatment, complication, prognosis, and disease prevention. Only data with complete questionnaire responses were included. These responses were scored quantitatively and analyzed for their association with participants’ willingness to screen. Results: Participants were knowledgeable concerning thalassemia before the health education session (median, range: 60.0, 25.0-90.0), and knowledge was increased significantly after the education session (median, range: 80.0, 35.0-100.0) with an increased median difference=19.99 (p-value <0.001). Although there was no significant association between the overall post-test score on participants’ willingness to screen (p-value >0.05), the willingness was slightly associated with improved knowledge regarding the risk of disease (OR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.00-1.03; p-value <0.005). Conclusion: Health education regarding thalassemia significantly increases general knowledge of thalassemia. However, improving knowledge is not significant in influencing adolescents’ motivation to take the screening tests.
Intermunicipal cooperation in the National Environmental Policy: do state capacities matter?
Authors: Santos Jaedson Gomes dos , Silva André Luís Nogueira da , Melo Cadmiel Mergulhão Onofre de , Melo Yasmim Marques de
Published: January 2023

Abstract The institutional framework of the National Environmental System assigns complex responsibilities to municipalities, which are often unviable in financial, technical, and operational terms. Cooperation emerges as an alternative to face the lack of resources and the inability of some municipalities to execute the guidelines provided for by the National Environmental Policy in an isolated way. This research examines the relationship between intermunicipal cooperation and municipal state capacities in the implementation of the environmental policy in Brazil, aiming to identify if state capacity, in different dimensions, is a relevant characteristic for municipalities participating in environmental public consortiums. This research used secondary data to employ a quantitative approach through logistic regression analysis, investigating the occurrence of intermunicipal cooperative arrangements in 4.479 Brazilian municipalities. In general terms, the results demonstrate that high administrative capacity and greater fiscal performance tend to reduce the incentives for the municipality to cooperate with others while implementing the PNMA at the local level. Also, the findings indicate that the availability of technical, political-relational, and institutional capacity increases the probability of cooperation.
Fóruns de accountability síncrona: a dinâmica interna das audiências públicas orçamentárias
Authors: Mesquita Tiemi Suzuki , Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de
Published: January 2023

Resumo As audiências públicas orçamentárias são espaços de transparência e participação social. Esses espaços podem ser considerados fóruns de accountability síncrona, em que a prestação de contas e a responsabilização podem ocorrer no mesmo momento, o que gera preocupação para o prestador de contas quanto às possíveis formas de responsabilização. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como ocorre a dinâmica das audiências públicas orçamentárias organizadas pelas prefeituras municipais. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa interpretativista, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores públicos como principal fonte de coleta. Os resultados indicam que os responsáveis pelas audiências públicas adotam estratégias para minimizar os riscos reputacionais e de responsabilização. As estratégias ocorrem em diferentes momentos: (i) na etapa de preparação, com a definição das regras de participação e o uso de filtro informacional; (ii) durante a sua realização, na forma de apresentação das informações e no direcionamento de atenção do público; e (iii) na etapa pós-audiência, por meio de baixa transparência e até manipulação de documentos. A pesquisa contribui para o entendimento das audiências como fóruns de accountability esperada, em que a expectativa do prestador de contas pode direcionar a dinâmica das audiências públicas, transformando-as em um teatro. Os resultados trazem implicações para os Tribunais de Contas e o Poder Legislativo, que poderiam exercer maior controle e fiscalização das audiências; para a sociedade, que poderia atuar de forma mais ativa e organizada; e, ainda, para a legislação em vigor, que poderia estabelecer diretrizes claras para a realização das audiências.
Synchronous accountability forums: the internal dynamics of budget public hearings
Authors: Mesquita Tiemi Suzuki , Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de
Published: January 2023

Abstract Budget public hearings are spaces for transparency and social participation. These spaces can be considered synchronous accountability forums, where the rendering of accounts and the attribution of responsibilities can co-occur, raising concerns for the responsible parties about possible accountability models. This qualitative and interpretative research analyzed the dynamics of public budget hearings organized by Brazilian municipalities using semi-structured interviews with public managers. The results indicate that those responsible for public hearings adopt strategies minimizing reputational and accountability risks at different times: (i) in the preparation stage, with the definition of participation rules and the use of an informational filter; (ii) during execution, in the form of the presentation of information and in directing the public’s attention; and, (iii) in the post-hearing stage, through low transparency and document manipulation. The research contributes to understanding hearings as forums of expected accountability, in which the expectation of the authorities can direct the dynamics of public hearings, transforming them into a theater performance. The results have implications for the courts of accounts and the legislative branch, which could exercise greater control and inspection of the hearings; for society, which could act in a more active and organized way; and also for the legislation in force, which could establish clear guidelines for holding hearings.
Gender equality from the MDGs to the SDGs: a feminist analysis
Authors: Mariano Silvana , Molari Beatriz
Published: January 2023

Abstract For decades, feminism has driven a gender equality agenda in development policies. Decolonial and intersectional feminisms, for example, have played an anti-racist and anti-colonial agenda. Women’s demands have found different degrees of incorporation into international plans, such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this scenario, this work compared gender equality in the MDGs and the SDGs to analyze their advances and challenges in the face of the gender mainstreaming agenda and intersectional and decolonial demands. Documental research was carried out on the objectives, targets, and results of the MDGs and the objectives and targets of the SDGs. The results indicate that the SDGs are more ambitious than the MDGs by adopting a broader and more transversal approach to gender equality. However, there are important gaps in operationalizing an approach to gender inequalities that considers the intersections of different forms of discrimination that affect different groups of women.
O mito da meritocracia: academicismo e falhas metodológicas nos concursos públicos brasileiros
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Batista da Silva , Castro Junior Joel de Lima Pereira , Montalvão Sergio de Sousa
Published: January 2023

Resumo Quando 58% de trabalhadores administrativos e 87% dos médicos foram selecionados apenas com base em provas teóricas de múltipla escolha, existe meritocracia? Seleções sem exigência de experiência, nem avaliações discursivas ou práticas. Basta apenas marcar um “x”... Este artigo busca responder um pressuposto historicamente construído e assimilado como uma espécie de mito no Brasil: a ideia de que o atual modelo de concurso público seria meritocrático. A extrema objetividade dos concursos tem o mérito de reduzir a tradição brasileira de nepotismos e apadrinhamentos, mas o modelo de avaliação apresenta graves falhas. Uma das disfunções é o academicismo, que supervaloriza títulos educacionais e conhecimentos teóricos em detrimento de habilidades simplesmente essenciais de muitos cargos. Foram verificados sob método de estatística descritiva (via análise de frequência) editais de concursos para preenchimento de cargos administrativos e médicos em instituições federais de ensino superior em todo o Brasil, tabulando os tipos avaliativos empregados em cada seleção e gerando tabelas e gráficos conexos. A partir dos resultados, o estudo sugere a adoção de avaliações que se conectem mais amplamente com as competências dos cargos e que, em lugar de privilegiar conhecimentos teóricos de baixa ou nula aplicabilidade, priorizem habilidades e comportamentos práticos inerentes aos cargos. Esta pesquisa aponta alternativas para uma nação com mais de 200 milhões de habitantes, cuja grande maioria não percebe os danos incalculáveis de um academicismo real e de uma meritocracia ilusória.
Social inequalities in the temporal trend of mortality from sickle cell disease in Brazil, 1996-2019
Authors: Cordovil Karen , Tassinari Wagner , Oliveira Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de , Hökerberg Yara
Published: January 2023

Contrary to international trends, the mortality rate of sickle cell disease increased in Brazil after the implementation of the neonatal screening program, probably due to improving access to diagnosis. This study aimed to assess differences in the temporal trend of the mortality rate and median age at death from sickle cell disease in Brazil, considering implemented measures to expand diagnosis, and improve health care access in-country and in the international scenario. Time series were extracted from the Brazilian Mortality Information System from 1996 to 2019. Changes in the mortality rate and median age at death were verified via segmented regression models, which were stratified by sex, region of residence, and age. Most deaths occurred in non-white people, young adults, and the Southeast and Northeast population. Sickle cell disease mortality rate increased until 2010 (13.31%; 95%CI: 6.37; 20.70), particularly in individuals aged 30 years or more (12.78%; 95%CI: 2.98; 23.53) and in the Northeast (12.27%; 95%CI: 8.92; 15.72). Most deaths occurred in the second decade of life (3.01 deaths/million), with a 59% increase in the median age of death in Brazil, from 27.6 to 30.3 years, more pronounced in females and the North Region. The observed gain in the survival of sickle cell disease in Brazil is still much lower than in developed countries and presents regional disparities, probably due to the lack of access to health care and recent treatments, such as hydroxyurea, still restricted to hematological referral centers in Brazilian capitals.
Healthy eating in supermarket circulars: reflections according to the food classification adopted in dietary guidelines for the Brazilian population
Authors: Moreira Caroline Camila , Silva Ana Carolina Feldenheimer da , Leme Amanda de Oliveira Requena , Silva Thais Santos , Brito Flávia dos Santos Barbosa , Oliveira Alessandra Silva Dias de
Published: January 2023

Abstract The present study evaluated the promotion of natural/minimally processed foods (N/MPF) subgroups advertised in supermarket circulars by considering supermarket features and circular typology. We analyzed circulars published by five supermarket chains in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (June/2019-May/2020) and present data on the socioeconomic coverage and profile of the supermarkets and the types of circulars. Of the 68,110 types of foods, 30.6% were N/MPF. Meat/eggs were the most promoted ones (42.3%), followed by fruits/vegetables (20.2%), which were more often advertised by produce shop circulars. Dairy products, cereals/flours/pasta and beverages/infusions made up around 10.0% of the ads. Legumes (3.8%), spices and mushrooms (0.2%) and oilseeds (0.1%) were rarely promoted. Statistically significant differences were found in the promotion of subgroups according to supermarket coverage and their socioeconomic profiles. Fruits/vegetables were more often advertised by national chains and aimed at a high-income public than by local companies and aimed at a low/middle-income public. Promotion of N/MPF subgroups was disproportional due to differences among chains and types of circulars. As a result, a discussion on the regulation of food promotion in food retail is required.
“EU QUERO me exercitar”: as controversas recomendações para a atividade física em site do Ministério da Saúde
Authors: Nunes Bárbara Coelho , Knuth Alan Goularte
Published: January 2023

Resumo Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os conteúdos sobre atividade física veiculados no site Saúde Brasil, do Ministério da Saúde, no período entre 2017-2020, descrevendo-os e discutindo as interfaces (in)existentes entre os materiais publicados e o campo da Educação Física e Saúde Coletiva. Por meio de ferramentas netnográficas foram localizadas 98 publicações que dialogam com atividade física/exercício físico/prática corporal, veiculadas durante quatro anos. Pode-se observar que a vertente comportamental da promoção da saúde permeia todo o material, sendo admitidas três perspectivas de recomendações para a prática de atividade física: esportivizada, atividade física diária e generalizada. São analisados e refletidos esses enfoques, juntamente com a carência do domínio do lazer nas recomendações, o esvaziamento de vinculação com ações do Sistema Único de Saúde e a ausência de recortes que considerem as desigualdades sociais e econômicas no país que atingem o processo saúde-doença, e consequentemente, a prática de atividades físicas. Torna-se necessário que campanhas comunicativas de incentivo ao movimento considerem, além desses pontos, o reconhecimento da atividade física como um direito humano e o compromisso com uma sociedade mais justa e equânime.
Social effectiveness and private sanitation concessions: the CEDAE auction in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Reis Fátima de Carvalho Madeira , Kligerman Débora Cynamon , Cohen Simone Cynamon , Nogueira Joseli Maria da Rocha
Published: January 2023

Abstract Changes in the regulatory and legal framework for Brazil’s water and sanitation sector (Law 14,026, July 15, 2020) require competitive bidding for service contracts, even in cases where the provision of services was previously delegated to state-owned utilities under program contracts. The aim of this study was to identify the actors who benefited from these changes to the legislation and assess the social effectiveness of the privatization of water supply and sewerage services in the state of Rio de Janeiro by investigating the auction of services provided by the public utility CEDAE in four blocks comprising 35 municipalities in April 2021. We conducted an exploratory analysis of secondary data and used the systemic integration method to identify the main actors involved in the concession process and the role they played. It is concluded that federal, state, and municipal governments, the Brazilian Development Bank, and the concessionaires have gained from the concessions, while the percentage of low-income populations connected to the sewage collection or drainage network is lower and tariffs are higher in municipalities served by the private sector when compared to the municipalities encompassed by the auction.
Reabilitação física/funcional no Brasil: análise espaço-temporal da oferta no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Gomes Suzy Maria , Miranda Gabriella Morais Duarte , Sousa Fabiana de Oliveira Silva , Nascimento Cynthia Maria Barboza do , Lima Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de , Silva Vanessa de Lima , Vilela Mirella Bezerra Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

Resumo O complexo perfil epidemiológico do país, o envelhecimento populacional e a proporção de pessoas com deficiência apontam para o aumento substancial da demanda por reabilitação. Nesse contexto, foi analisada a distribuição espaço-temporal da oferta de profissionais de fisioterapia, fonoaudiologia e terapia ocupacional no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de 2007 a 2019 nas cinco regiões do Brasil. Foram utilizados dados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos em Saúde, as estimativas censitárias do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e calculados os indicadores da oferta potencial de profissionais e sua evolução relativa. Foi realizada a distribuição espacial da evolução relativa da oferta potencial de profissionais. Para a análise da tendência temporal, adotou-se o modelo de regressão por pontos de inflexão. Houve tendência temporal crescente na oferta potencial das três categorias profissionais no Brasil e em todas as regiões, mas com uma desaceleração do crescimento. Observaram-se diferenciais entre as profissões e as regiões do país, representando um quadro de desigualdade de oferta que precisa ser superado. Resultados que podem subsidiar o controle social e o planejamento nacional para a ampliação do acesso aos serviços de reabilitação
Physical/functional rehabilitation in Brazil: spatiotemporal analysis of the offer in the Public Healthcare System
Authors: Gomes Suzy Maria , Miranda Gabriella Morais Duarte , Sousa Fabiana de Oliveira Silva , Nascimento Cynthia Maria Barboza do , Lima Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de , Silva Vanessa de Lima , Vilela Mirella Bezerra Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

Abstract The complex epidemiological profile of Brazil, the aging population and the proportion of individuals with disabilities have led to a substantial increase in the demand for rehabilitation. The spatiotemporal distribution of the offer of physiotherapy, speech therapy and occupational therapy in the Brazilian public healthcare system from 2007 to 2019 was analyzed for the five macro-regions of the country. Data from the National Register of Health Establishments and census estimates from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were used. Indicators of the offer of professionals in these fields services and relative changes in the offer were calculated. The spatial distribution of the relative change in the offer was also determined. A regression model with inflection points was adopted for the analysis of the temporal trend. A growing temporal trend was found in the offer of the three professionals in Brazil as a whole and in all regions of the country, but with a slowdown in growth. Differences were observed in the offer among the regions of the country, revealing healthcare inequality that needs to be overcome. The present findings can assist in planning to expand access to rehabilitation services in the country.
Tendências da pesquisa brasileira em Ergologia
Authors: Pessanha Luiz Phillipe Mota , Santos Isabel Cristina dos , Henriques Mayara Vieira , Cançado Raquel , Vinagre Rayana Ferreira , Castro Alexandre de Carvalho
Published: January 2023

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as tendências das pesquisas sobre a Ergologia no Brasil publicadas no período de 1997 a 2019, considerando a natureza da publicação e o potencial de impacto das bases em que estão veiculadas. Estudos relacionados à saúde do trabalhador indicam a crescente influência da Ergologia na compreensão do mundo do trabalho, fato evidenciado em pesquisas bibliométricas anteriores, de menor abrangência e escopo das bases apuradas, razão pela qual se pretende cobrir lacunas e ampliar a análise com dados mais atualizados. Com o uso de descritores peculiares à Ergologia, foram realizados levantamentos nas bases Web of Science, Scopus e SciELO, em periódicos não indexados às bases citadas e em produções acadêmicas disponíveis no catálogo da Capes. Constatou-se a projeção do Brasil nos estudos sobre a Ergologia, sendo o Sudeste a região com maior concentração de autores e de volume de publicações. Contudo, a inter-relação entre pesquisadores tende a limitar-se às instituições em que atuam. Há prevalência de teses e dissertações em detrimento de artigos nas produções ligadas à Ergologia. As publicações apontam para a interdisciplinaridade - com predomínio da Saúde do Trabalhador, Educação, e Psicologia - e tendem a permanecer em veículos de menor relevância científica.
Tamanho do efeito em estudos observacionais na área de Saúde Bucal Coletiva: importância, cálculo e interpretação
Authors: Flório Flávia Martão , Zanin Luciane , Santos Júnior Leônidas Marinho dos , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi
Published: January 2023

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a literatura científica da área de saúde bucal coletiva quanto ao cálculo, apresentação e discussão do tamanho do efeito em estudos observacionais. A literatura cientifica na área (2015 a 2019) foi analisada quanto: a) informações gerais (periódico e diretrizes aos autores, número de variáveis e desfechos), b) objetivo e coerência com o cálculo amostral apresentado; c) tamanho do efeito (apresentação, medida utilizada e coerência com a discussão dos dados e conclusão). Foram analisados 123 artigos, de 66 periódicos. A maioria dos artigos avaliados apresenta um único desfecho (74%) e não menciona a realização de cálculo amostral (69,9%). Dentre os que realizaram, para 70,3% havia coerência entre o cálculo amostral utilizado e o objetivo. Apenas 3,3% dos artigos mencionam o termo tamanho do efeito e 24,4% não o consideram na discussão dos resultados, apesar de terem calculado. A regressão logística foi a metodologia estatística mais utilizada (98,4%) e o Odds Ratio a medida de tamanho do efeito mais utilizada (94,3%), embora não tenha sido citada e discutida como uma medida de tamanho do efeito na maioria dos estudos (96,7%). Os pesquisadores, em sua maioria, restringiram a discussão dos resultados apenas à significância estatística encontrada nas associações testadas.
Size effect in observational studies in Public Oral Health: importance, calculation and interpretation
Authors: Flório Flávia Martão , Zanin Luciane , Santos Júnior Leônidas Marinho dos , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi
Published: January 2023

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific literature in public oral health regarding calculation, presentation, and discussion of the effect size in observational studies. The scientific literature (2015 to 2019) was analyzed regarding: a) general information (journal and guidelines to authors, number of variables and outcomes), b) objective and consistency with sample calculation presentation; c) effect size (presentation, measure used and consistency with data discussion and conclusion). A total of 123 articles from 66 journals were analyzed. Most articles analyzed presented a single outcome (74%) and did not mention sample size calculation (69.9%). Among those who did, 70.3% showed consistency between sample calculation used and the objective. Only 3.3% of articles mentioned the term effect size and 24.4% did not consider that in the discussion of results, despite showing effect size calculation. Logistic regression was the most commonly used statistical methodology (98.4%) and Odds Ratio was the most commonly used effect size measure (94.3%), although it was not cited and discussed as an effect size measure in most studies (96.7%). It could be concluded that most researchers restrict the discussion of their results only to the statistical significance found in associations under study.
Food consumption scale validation in VAMOS Program: a proposal to assess eating behavior changes in Brazil
Authors: Benedetti Tânia Rosane Bertoldo , Christofoletti Marina , Quinaud Ricardo Teixeira , Ribeiro Cezar Grontowski , Konrad Lisandra Maria , Carvalho Humberto Moreira , Jomori Manuela Mika
Published: January 2023

Abstract This study aimed to validate the frequency consumption scale (FCS) and establish cut-off points to assess changes in the eating behavior of participants in the VAMOS Program. The study was based on a community intervention conducted in 2019 in 70 Brazilian cities, with 458 adults from Primary Care. The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions about food frequency consumption. The questions were inserted into the analytical workflow, divided into the descriptive analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA), item response theory (IRT) modeling, and construction and validity of an applied questionnaire score. EFA indicated a two-factor structure, with three “healthy” (raw vegetables, fruits, and cooked vegetables) and three “unhealthy” (sugary drinks, sweets, and the replacement of meals with snacks) eating items. Items responses’ probabilities indicate a daily consumption of two healthy and once or nonweekly consumption of unhealthy items. Finally, the four categories proposed for FCS can respond over time. Therefore, the FCS proposal can be used effectively for program nutrition evaluation. Furthermore, it is possible to attribute behavior change in Brazilian primary care users with six items.
Participation in health in the Americas: Bibliometric mapping of production, impact, visibility and collaboration
Authors: Machado Frederico Viana , Rech Carla Michele , Pinto Rodrigo Silveira , Romão Wagner de Melo , Matias Manuelle Maria Marques , Freitas Gabriele Carvalho de , Leles Fernando Antônio Gomes , Kujawa Henrique
Published: January 2023

Abstract Participation in health has generated a large number of publications around the world. In order to know the specificities of this production in the Americas, a bibliometric analysis of articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese was carried out. Searches were carried out in the VHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS and SciELO, consolidating a database with 641 references. With the help of the VOSviewer software, we analyzed citation patterns, co-authorship and the chronological distribution by countries and languages. It was possible to verify the growth of production, the quantitative relevance and the impact of the different countries. The analysis indicated that the USA concentrates the largest number of citations and Brazil, despite being the first in number of publications, is the third in number of citations. The same occurs with Brazilian journals that, with the largest number of articles, fall in the ranking of the most cited. The co-authorship analysis indicated that the University of Toronto, Fiocruz and Harvard University have the most formal collaborations with other organizations. We conclude that there are inequalities of impact, visibility and internationalization in this field, indicating obstacles to scientific development and health policies.
What do children aged 5 to 14 years die from in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil? Trend analysis of the period 2000-2019
Authors: Boschi-Pinto Cynthia , Curvello Helen Grace da Rocha , Fonseca Sandra Costa , Kale Pauline Lorena , Kawa Helia , Guimarães Júlia Correia Cardoso
Published: January 2023

Abstract This study investigated the magnitude and trends of cause-specific mortality among children 5 to 14 years of age in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) from 2000 to 2019. We performed an ecological study, using data from the Mortality Information System (MIS). We calculated mortality rates per 100,000 children by chapters, groups, and categories of causes of death (ICD-10). Trends were estimated by joinpoint regression. Mortality rates among children aged 10 to 14 years were higher than those among children 5 to 9. The five leading causes of death were the same in both age groups, but they ranked differently. The two leading ones were external causes and neoplasms (31% and 15% among children aged 5 to 9 years; 45% and 11% among children aged 10 to 14 years). Among children 5 to 9 years, the mortality trend showed an annual decline (8%) from 2011 to 2015. Among children aged 10 to 14 years, the annual decline was 1.3% from 2000 to 2019. Mortality due to external causes decreased in both age groups, except for the category “Assault by unspecified firearm” (boys, 10 to 14 years) and “Unspecified drowning and submersion” (boys, 5 to 9 years). Mortality caused by neoplasms remained steady in both age groups. Infectious and respiratory diseases decreased differently between the two groups. Most causes of death are preventable or treatable, indicating the need for health and intersectoral investments.
The COVID-19 pandemic and teachers’ work: perceptions of teachers from a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Matias Aline Bicalho , Falcão Márcia Thereza Couto , Grosseman Suely , Germani Ana Claudia Camargo Gonçalves , Silva Andréa Tenório Correia da
Published: January 2023

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic required the restructuring of educational models, including the rapid transition from face-to-face to remote education. The aim of this qualitative research was to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate professors’ work and health at a public university in the state of São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 undergraduate faculty of humanities, biological and exact sciences form August to September 2020. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. From the content analysis, four thematic categories emerged: (1) changes in the work routine and their impacts, including adjustment to remote work and the difficulties in establishing boundaries between work and their personal life; (2) changes in the dynamics between faculty and students and the possibility of rethinking teaching practice; (3) the relationship between faculty and the university with emphasis on the decision-making process, support for the transition to remote teaching, and concerns about the quality of teaching; and (4) anguish and fears related to the pandemic that added to the set of work-related stressors. Our findings showed that actions towards the communicational dynamics, as well as actions towards faculties’ mental health should be implemented.
Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde: o que dizem os estudos internacionais?
Authors: Méllo Lívia Milena Barbosa de Deus e , Santos Romário Correia dos , Albuquerque Paulette Cavalcanti de
Published: January 2023

Resumo Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa cujo objetivo é compreender o estado da arte da literatura sobre programas de Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde (ACS) no mundo, identificando suas nomenclaturas, práticas, formação e condições trabalhistas. A grande concentração de programas de ACS ainda ocorre em países de baixa e média renda da África (18), Ásia (12) e América Latina (05), com algumas poucas experiências em países de alta renda na América do Norte (02) e Oceania (01). No total foram catalogadas 38 experiências, tendo sido descritas as práticas de cuidado, vigilância, educação, comunicação em saúde, práticas administrativas, de articulação intersetorial e mobilização social. Caracterizou-se os níveis e duração das formações das ACS, assim como as diversas condições de trabalho em cada país. Em grande parte, o trabalho é precarizado, muitas vezes voluntário e realizado por mulheres. A revisão proporcionou um panorama comparativo que pode contribuir para enriquecer o olhar de gestores e tomadores de decisão em contextos de implantação, ampliação e reconfiguração de tais programas.