bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of Scots pine waste biomass for heating purposes
Authors: Neugebauer Maciej , Skotnicka-Siepsiak Aldona , Piechocki Janusz , Nalepa Krzysztof , Sołowiej Piotr
Published: March 2020

Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris) is a very popular tree species in north-eastern Poland. Pines are frequently encountered in allotment gardens in the proximity of residential buildings. Pine biomass should not be composted because the produced humus has acidifying properties. For this reason, the management of pine waste biomass poses a problem. The article proposes a solution for managing pine waste biomass for heat generation. In the study, pine waste biomass was composed of needles, cones and dry branches. The biomass potential of Scots pine was determined. Waste biomass was harvested in spring when most allotment gardens are cleared after winter. The biomass yield of several trees was determined (in kg and dm3), and the average yield per tree was calculated. The average proportions of different biomass fractions in mixed waste biomass were also determined. The specific heat of different biomass fractions (needles, branches, cones) was determined for two scenarios. In the first scenario, waste biomass was harvested during a prolonged dry spell, and in the second scenario, waste biomass was harvested immediately after rainfall. The energy potential of waste biomass was determined. The harvested biomass was burned in an open fireplace in a cottage with an area of 48 m2. The time required to burn 10 m3of biomass and the resulting increase in indoor temperature were measured. The environmental impact of burning Scots pine biomass was determined.
Torrefaction of oat straw to use as solid biofuel, an additive to organic fertilizers for agriculture purposes and activated carbon – TGA analysis, kinetics
Authors: Szufa Szymon , Dzikuć Maciej , Adrian Łukasz , Piersa Piotr , Romanowska-Duda Zdzisława , Lewandowska Wiktoria , Marcza Marta , Błaszczuk Artur , Piwowar Arkadiusz
Published: March 2020

In this paper authors present research results which are the optimum parameters of the torrefaction process using straw from oats and maize. The most important parameters for the torrefaction process are temperature and residence time. Both parameters are essential to designing and construction of industrial biomass torrefaction installations. Energy crops and waste coming from agricultural production have the most promising perspective from all kind of renewable energy sources in Poland. Currently, intensive studies on the process of biomass torrefaction are being carried out. In this experimental investigation, authors examined the torrefaction process of two types of agriculture biomass, such as: oats, maize. The main overarching objective of the experimental studies described below is the development of various biochar as an additive to agricultural fertilizers resulting from the conversion of biomass from agriculture residues – straw from oats and maize. The last of enumerated biomasses is treated through different conversion processes such as: drying, torrefaction to homogenize their physical and chemical properties. Among many of its areas, it is extremely important to optimize the production of biomass energy plants and its refinement (in the torrefaction process), which will improve the balance and profitability of energy production from RES, and reduce the logistics and storage costs of this fuel and improve the efficiency of biomass combustion process. When implementing new technologies indicated in this work and optimizing the harvesting of plant biomass, the negative impact on the environment caused by stored municipal waste can be reduced. This biomass torrefaction process temperature and residence time were necessary for the design and construction of semi-pilot scale biomass torrefaction installations with dryer and torrefaction reactor to perform a continuous biomass torrefaction process using superheated steam
Investigation of the Efficiency of Wet Biodiesel Purification
Authors: Polishсhuk Viktor , Tarasenko Svetlana , Antypov Ievgen , Kozak Nataliya , Zhyltsov Andrii , Bereziuk Andrii
Published: March 2020

The main research aim is to verify the efficiency of wet methods of biodiesel cleaning and to establish optimal and rational parameters for biodiesel purification and disposing of its cleaning waste. The efficiency of biodiesel washing was studied by means of volumetric, bubble and aerosol washing. Volumetric washing of biodiesel was carried out with the use of a blade mixer with three blades on a shaft and a four-blade agitator with sloping blades. One of the three methods of biodiesel washing studied can be recommended for practical use – aerosol washing with medium- and large-grained washing to be carried out for at least 4-5 hours, while fine-grained – for a longer time. The use of waste from the purification of biodiesel as a cosubstrate in biogas plants will almost double the output of biogas, which will significantly reduce the payback period of biogas plants.
Experimental study on microwave torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Kosowska-Golachowska Monika , Magdziarz Aneta , Janus Paweł , Urbaniak Dariusz
Published: March 2020

This paper presents preliminary research of lignocellulosic biomass torrefaction by using microwave heating. The experimental setup was developed using a microwave oven with 2.45 GHz frequency. The torrefaction effect was studied by varying the microwave power level (160-480 W) and reaction time (5-30 min). The two Polish biomass feedstock, agricultural residue (wheat straw) and energy crop (Miscanthus giganteus) were used in this study. Fuel properties like H/C and O/C ratio were assessed from elemental composition. Mass yield and energy yield of the torrefied fuels were also determined. It was found that higher microwave power levels contributed to higher heating rate and reaction temperature, and thus produced the torrefied biomass with higher heating value and lower H/C and O/C ratios.
Improved Method of Calculation The Electromagnetic Generator For Environmentally Friendly Method of Forming Coolant
Authors: Bereziuk Andrii , Karlov Olexiy , Roman Kryshchuk , Mrachkovsky Anatoliy , Nalyvaiko Vitaliy
Published: March 2020

A comparative analysis of the results of numerical modelling of electrophysical processes occurring in the middle of a cylindrical inductor with loading in the form of a beam of ferromagnetic pipes, using various tube plates on the ends of the loading, which is a component of the ecologically clean technology of processing biomass into fuel, is carried out. According to the results of computer simulation, it was found that the construction of “snowflakes” in comparison with round ferromagnetic boards allows reducing losses in them, increasing the capacity of the induction heater, and also passing the coolant, both from the inside of the pipes and from the outside.
Calculation algorithm for the dynamic coefficient of vibro-viscosity and other properties of energy willow cuttings movement in terms of their unloading from the tanker
Authors: Ivanyshyn Volodymyr , Yermakov Serhii , Ishchenko Tatyana , Mudryk Krzysztof , Hutsol Taras
Published: March 2020

When we design the automated systems of unloading materials from the tankers, especially when we construct the automated tool for planting an energy willow, there is a need to create the movement model and to study its characteristics. The combination of cuttings, unloaded from the tanker, can be represented as the flow of a two-phase pseudo liquid. Then the process of unloading itself can be modelled on the basis of methods of hydrodynamic multiphase systems. The main characteristics that affect the process of unloading are highlighted in the deduced equation. The effective coefficient of vibro-viscosity and the calculation algorithm for the dynamic coefficient of vibro-viscosity in terms of cuttings oscillatory motion influenced by gravity field and harmonic vibrations is given in the study.
Development of small hydroenergy in Ukraine and its legal regulation
Authors: Misiuk Mykola , Podorozhna Tetiana , Balynska Olha , Kucher Oleg , Burlakov Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

The state and prospects of small hydropower development in the context of rationalization of the use of available natural resource potential of Ukraine were considered. It was established that due to insignificant specific weight in the general energy balance, small hydropower cannot significantly affect the structure of energy supply of the country. Attention was drawn to the fact that the adopted State Target Economic Program for Energy Efficiency and the Development of Energy Saving for Renewable Energy Sources and Alternative Fuels for 2010-2020 will promote the use of the potential of small rivers and the development of hydropower. It was noted that the conducted calculations for the future with the help of correlation analysis of installed capacities and production of electricity by small hydropower objects showed that in 2020, at the current rate of development of small hydropower, the planned indicators will not be achieved. The legal principles of functioning of the market of electric energy and formation of relations connected with the development of small hydropower, which are regulated by the Laws of Ukraine and other legislative acts in the field of fuel and energy complex were described.
Investigation of use small wind turbines under local wind conditions in Rabka-Zdrój
Authors: Szulc-Wrońska Aleksandra , Tomaszewska Barbara
Published: March 2020

The paper presents an analysis of wind conditions for the health resort of Rabka-Zdrój. Rabka-Zdrój is a town located in southern Poland in the Rabczańska Valley surrounded by numerous hills. Archival meteorological data were obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute, which until 2012 had a retention station in Rabka-Zdrój. A detailed analysis of the basic wind parameters has shown that prevailing wind speeds are in the range of 0.6-1.8 m/s. In addition, the dominant wind direction is west and southwest. For these directions, the average wind speeds in the analysed period are the highest, with the maximum recorded speed of 2.8 m/s for the south-west direction. What is more, in the health resort area, one can observe the frequent occurrence of atmospheric silence, from 16% to 45% in the analysed years. The total energy that can be obtained using a small wind turbine is low, therefore the possibility of using hybrid renewable energy sources should be considered.
CO2 adsorption on pristine, oxidized, and diethylamine-functionalized activated carbon sorbents
Authors: Diyuk Vitaly E. , Zaderko Alexander N. , Grischenko Liudmyla M. , Tsapyuk Galyna G. , Vakaliuk Anna V. , Lisnyak Vladyslav V. , Mariychuk Ruslan
Published: March 2020

Adsorption is currently the most promising capture technology to shorten atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). In this article, we report on the adsorption of CO2 onto pristine, oxidized, and aminated activated carbon (AC) sorbents. From our findings, some functionalized AC sorbents have shown very promising results in the CO2 capture process. Their maximum adsorption capacity measured by the thermogravimetric method at 20 °C varies between 2.2 and 3.9 mmol CO2/g depending on the content of diethylamino and oxygen-containing groups. The functionalization of the carbon surface with diethylamino groups improves the adsorption capacity by 30–40%. The CO2 adsorption little depends on the texture parameters of the pristine AC sorbents. In the range from 20 to 100 °C, the CO2 thermodesorption showed the effective regeneration of the sorbents. The aminated carbon surface demonstrates the best CO2 adsorption but binds the adsorbed molecules stronger than the oxidized surface, which limits the sorbent regeneration.
Renewable energy sources in the Region of Warmia and Mazury in north-eastern Poland
Authors: Piechocki Janusz , Neugebauer Maciej , Hałacz Joanna , Skotnicka-Siepsiak Aneta , Lange Andrzej
Published: March 2020

The region of Warmia and Mazury in Poland is fourth largest voivodeship which occupies 7,7 % of the country’s territory. The Region of Warmia and Mazury in north-eastern Poland is situated at a distance from conventional energy sources. Therefore, the Region is a Polish leader in power generation from renewable energy sources. The structure of electrical grids in the Region of Warmia and Mazury is poorly developed and insufficient. Therefore, electric power infrastructure should be expanded and modernized as part of energy sector development to increase energy efficiency as well as electricity and heat production from renewable energy sources. The Region of Warmia and Mazury is characterized by a considerable discrepancy between energy generation and energy use. It recent years, electricity consumption exceeded energy production more than 10-fold. The region has to purchase energy from external sources and develop new generation methods, in particular those that rely on renewable resources of energy. In Warmia and Mazury, the most popular renewable energy sources include biomass, wind turbines, solar and photovoltaic panels, hydropower, heat pumps and geothermal energy. The region is characterized by distributed energy generation in small polants that carter mostly to local needs. The University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn has developed, in collaboration with the Warmia and Mazury Energy Agency, a renewable energy strategy for 2010-2020 in the Region of Warmia and Mazury. The strategy is consistent with the Polish Energy Policy and the national plan for the use of renewable energy sources. In the region Warmia and Mazury, efforts are being made to generate 14,000 TJ of energy from renewable sources ( approx. 18,4 % of energy consumption in the region) and 1,700 GWh of electricity (approx. 49 % of energy consumption in the region), reduce CO2 emissions in the energy sector by 1,530,000 tons, and the decrease energy consumption per unit of GDP (PLN 1 million) from 1.94 TJ to 1.67 TJ by 2020.
Bioenergy sustainable development: achieving the balance between social and economic aspects
Authors: Kovalenko Vitalii , Kovalenko Nataliya , Labenko Oleksandr , Faichuk Oleksandr , Faichuk Olha
Published: March 2020

At the beginning of the third Millennium, humanity is forced to face a new surge of tensions and contradictions between different countries and peoples, between different parties and faiths, as well as the growth of environmental, economic and social problems both in different regions of the world and on a global scale. These phenomena are the result of the exhaustion of socio-economic forms of development of society within the existing natural resource and environmental conditions. An increasing number of people and states are experiencing an acute shortage not only in quality food, but also in quality water, clean air, energy, land, biological and other resources. After all, according to some scientists over the past hundred years, the consumption of natural resources by mankind has increased almost 100 times. For the first time in the history of mankind, resource and environmental crises have reached the biosphere borders and there is a danger to the existence of civilization. Humanity faces a global challenge, the correct solution of which will result on the lives of our descendants in the future. The common task for all is to preserve the biosphere as the habitat of mankind. Further increase of material and energy flows becomes impossible, as well as further satisfaction of the needs of new billions of people who will be added to the total population. Humanity is on the threshold of a new socio-economic formation, as neither a centrally managed economy nor a market economy has been able to solve the global environmental problems of our planet.
Study on Hybrid Energy Storage Configuration and Control Strategy of Grid-connected Wind Hydrogen System
Authors: Shen Xiaojun , Nie Congying , Lv Hong , Wang Wei
Published: March 2020

The randomness and volatility of wind energy bring great challenges to wind power grid-connected. The hybrid energy storage technology based on electrolysis cell hydrogen production and super capacitor has become an effective way to stabilize wind power fluctuations. Based on the establishment of the grid-type wind-hydrogen coupling system working characteristic constraint and the minimum initial investment cost of the hybrid energy storage system, an alkaline electrolytic cell-super capacitor hybrid storage based on low-pass filtering-fluctuation observation is proposed. The method can be configured, and a hybrid energy storage coordinated control strategy based on the super capacitor SOC (state of charge) is developed. The case study results show that the hybrid energy storage system configuration method and control strategy proposed in this paper are effective, which can reduce the fluctuation of wind power grid-connected power to meet the grid connection standard.
A Review of Research Status and Prospect of Vacuum Insulated Tubing Insulation System
Authors: Yu Xing , Lei Liu , Chang Cao , Weidong Fan , Keju Yan , Zhongfu Cheng
Published: March 2020

Vacuum heat insulating tubing is an important wellbore heat insulating facility for heavy oil thermal recovery at present. Its heat insulating performance directly affects the thermal recovery efficiency. The research on the heat insulating system of vacuum heat insulating tubing is of great significance to improve and improve the heat insulating performance and enhance the thermal recovery of heavy oil. This paper summarizes and analyses the current research status of vacuum insulated tubing insulation system. It elaborates the insulation structure, insulation materials, annular air charging and vacuum pumping, insulation coating and so on. It provides reference and reference for the future research of vacuum insulated tubing.
Challenges and Policy Suggestions on the Development of Hydrogen Economy in China
Authors: Shan Wei , Wang Fang-Fang
Published: March 2020

In recent years, with the intensification of environmental damage, mankind is at a crossroads towards the next energy revolution. Hydrogen energy, because of its pollution-free nature, has become the focus of technological research and development in many countries, and the economic pattern around it is taking shape China’s investment in the field of new energy has been increasing in recent years, and the prospect of hydrogen economy has prompted China to continuously increase the development of hydrogen energy. However, it faces many obstacles, both technical and social. The Chinese government is now using financial subsidies to help hydrogen companies incubate. However, with the development of the industry, China is currently facing great obstacles in large-scale commercial application, intellectual property protection and innovation, standardization construction and social confidence. This paper believes that policy measures such as selective commercial distribution, innovation system building, industry standardization construction and social education can be adopted to help solve these challenges
Application research progress of hot isostatic pressing technology in nickel-based single crystal superalloy
Authors: Wang Jun , Jiang Zhaojun
Published: March 2020

Since the introduction of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technology, it has been widely used in powder metallurgy forming and improving the densification of castings. With the increasing demand for the performance of nickel-based single crystal superalloy, more and more scholars started research on the application of hot isostatic pressing in nickel-based single crystal superalloy. This article summarizes the current research progress in the application of hot isostatic pressing to the high temperature of nickel-based single crystals, explains the elimination effect of hot isostatic pressing on porosity and other pore defects in nickel-based single crystal superalloy, analyzes the pore healing mechanism, and the changes in mechanical properties such as tensile, endurance, and fatigue of the alloy after applying hot isostatic pressing are shown. Finally, the future development of China’s hot isostatic pressing technology is prospected.
Flow field analysis of multi-stage middle-open centrifugal pump inter-stage flow passage
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Huang He
Published: March 2020

In order to study the flow velocity, static pressure and turbulent kinetic energy distribution of the inter-stage flow passage, the numerical calculation of the inter-stage flow passage of the multistage split centrifugal pump was carried out under the design condition. The results show that the fluid flows along the inter-stage water flow channel, and backflow and vortices are generated at the guide vanes at the end of the bridge, which causes certain energy loss. In this paper, based on the original design, three different improvement schemes are proposed by changing the shape and position of the guide vane for the backflow and vortex generated near the guide vanes. The improved scheme is numerically simulated, and the energy loss values of the four different flow passages are calculated by integration. After comparison and analysis, the second scheme is determined as the best scheme, and the accuracy of simulation is verified by experiments.
La muqueuse péri-implantaire : nécessité esthétique ou fonctionnelle ? Intérêt de l’augmentation de tissus mous peri-implantaires
Authors: Aroca S.
Published: March 2020

L’anneau de tissu mou formé autour du col de l’implant est appelé muqueuse péri-implantaire. Un des rôles de cette attache tissulaire est de créer un joint biologique protecteur autour de l’implant afin de prévenir des maladies inflammatoires (mucosite, peri-implantite) qui pourraient compromettre lostéointegration.

Ce rôle protecteur est une évidence clinique malgré les controverses existantes dans la littérature en relation avec la nécessité de la présence ou absence des tissus kératinisés autour des implants. Mais quelle épaisseur tissulaire est capable d’assurer une stabilité du joint biologique péri-implantaire ? Le tissu conjonctif joue-t-il un rôle prépondérant ? La stabilité du joint biologique, est-elle liée à l’épaisseur des tissus, à la stabilité des tissus osseux ou bien aux deux ?

Par ailleurs, labsence de muqueuse kératinisée, un phenotype fin, aussi une insuffisance de volume, tant des situations cliniques qui risquent de favoriser linstabilité des tissus péri-implantaires.

Les conséquences cliniques (outre le risque de maladie inflammatoire) sont multiples :

1

Mobilité et ou décollement de la muqueuse péri-implantaire

2

Récession de la muqueuse péri-implantaire

3

Restauration implanto-portée inesthétique par rapport aux dents adjacentes

Cet exposé a pour but de répondre à toutes ces questions et aussi de détailler les solutions qui sont nécessaires pour assurer ou rétablir une stabilité de la muqueuse péri-implantaire.
Conséquences dentaires de la dysjonction pterygo-maxillaire pendant les chirugies d’avancée fronto-faciale monobloc dans le traitement des syndromes de Crouzon
Authors: Sicard L. , Khonsari R.
Published: March 2020

Le syndrome de Crouzon est une faciocraniosténose qui peut s’exprimer par une retrusion fronto-faciale sévère associée à des répercussions fonctionnelles importantes : un exorbitisme sévère peut mener à une mise en jeux du pronostic visuel et les troubles de la ventilation mettre en cause le pronostic vital. La procédure de choix du traitement primaire de cette faciocraniosténose est l’avancée monobloc fronto-faciale avec distraction par voie interne ou externe. Cette technique nécessite la réalisation d’une disjonction ptérygo-maillaire, pratiquée par voie supérieure ou intra-orale. Cette disjonction est associée à un risque de lésion des germes des dents temporaires et permanentes. 15 patients atteints du syndromes de Crouzon, opérés par avancée monobloc fronto-faciale, par le même chirurgien et avec disjonction pterygo-maxillaire par voie supérieure en passant par la fosse temporale, ont été aléatoirement choisis parmi les patients atteint du syndrome de Crouzon suivis dans le service. La formule dentaire de chaque patient a été relevée sur les scanners pré-opératoires, post-opératoires et de contrôle, ainsi que les différentes anomalies et stades de Nolla des premières et deuxièmes molaires permanentes maxillaires. L’étude confirme que cette technique chirurgicale cause des dommages dentaires notables et montre que la survenues de ces dommages est corrélée à l’âge auquel est réalisée la chirurgie. Elle montre que l’existence de dommage au niveau de la première molaire permanente est un facteur prédictif de séquelles au niveau de la 2ème molaire permanente lors de son évolution. Le stade radiographique de Nolla peut être un indicateur plus fiable que l’âge civil pour évaluer les risques dentaire lors de cette chirurgie chez ces patients. Si les indications de chirurgie précoce par avancée fronto- faciale monobloc chez les patients atteints d’un syndrome de Crouzon avec répercussion fonctionnelles sévère ne se discutent pas, il sera intéressant de comparer ces résultats avec les séquelles dentaires de cette chirurgie réalisée avec disjonction ptérygo-palatine par voie endobuccale.
Autotransplantation de germes dentaires au centre hospitalier de Pau : une série de cas
Authors: Alande C. , Landric C.
Published: March 2020

Autotransplantation de germes dentaires au centre hospitalier de Pau : une série de cas Alande C1, Landric C2 1. Interne en Chirurgie Orale, UFR Odontologie, Service ORL et Stomatologie CH Pau 2. Spécialiste en Chirurgie Orale, Assistante hospitalière, CH Pau. INTRODUCTION : L’autotransplantation correspond au déplacement d’un organe fonctionnel (transplant) d’un site donneur vers un site receveur, sur un même patient. Dans le cadre de l’organe dentaire, le transplant est placé dans une alvéole osseuse intrabuccale naturelle ou préparée chirurgicalement. Les indications sont nombreuses : délabrement carieux, expulsion traumatique, défaut d’éruption, agénésie. C’est une technique chirurgicale peu utilisée, pourtant les métaanalyses les plus récentes font état d’un taux de succès compris entre 75 et 91% (1). Ce travail expose une série de 07 transplantations. OBSERVATION : Les 7 transplantations ont été réalisées au Centre Hospitalier de Pau entre aout 2017 et janvier 2018. Les patients étaient initialement adressés par leur dentiste ou leur othodontiste pour des avulsions. Les indications résultaient toutes d’un délabrement carieux de premières molaires maxillaires ou mandibulaires, ces dernières étant non restaurables. Les patients étaient âgés de 17 à 23 ans. Les transplants étaient tous des germes de 3ème molaire incluse situées au stade 7-8 de Nolla. Le même protocole chirurgical a été systématiquement utilisée pour chacun des patients, à savoir : avulsion de la dent délabrée, révision et rinçage alvéolaire, préparation du site receveur, avulsion du germe, temps extra-alvéolaire le plus court possible, positionnement dans le site receveur avec ajustement si nécessaire, mise en sous occlusion par améloplastie, contention. Un soin tout particulier était accordé à la préservation des cellules desmodontales du transplant. Les patients n’ont pas présenté de complication per ou postopératoire. Leur suivi post-opératoire est en cours et est réalisé de façon systématique à 1 semaine, 1 mois, 2 mois avec orthopantomogramme et 6 mois. Pour être considérées comme un succès, les transplantations devaient présenter les critères suivants : poursuite de l’édification radiculaire, absence de mobilité du transplant, absence de signes infectieux cliniques et radiologiques, visualisation radiologique d’un ligament alvéolo-dentaire sans signe d’ankylose. DISCUSSION : De plus en plus d’études tendent à montrer que la préservation des cellules desmodontales est un des facteurs majeurs pour la réussite du traitement (2). Avec l’avènement de la planification 3D (3), ce paramètre pourra être d’avantage contrôlé. Les taux de succès de cette thérapeutique, déjà élevés, pourraient être amenés à augmenter d’avantage. Les transplantations sont aujourd’hui une alternative de choix au traitement implantaire chez les jeunes patients.
Efficacité de l’ostéotomie interalvéolaire par piezocision : revue de la littérature
Authors: Romanet I. , Catherine J.H. , Laurent P. , Lan R. , Dubois E.
Published: March 2020

La durée des traitements orthodontiques est une des plaintes principales des patients en pratique orthodontique, en particulier chez les patients adultes. Le traitement orthodontique chez l’adulte doit s’adapter à des particularités comme l’absence de croissance et l’augmentation des atteintes parodontales. La corticotomie alvéolaire se définit comme une lésion chirurgicale contrôlée de l’os alvéolaire en vue d’induire un remodelage osseux accéléré, responsable localement d’une ostéopénie transitoire facilitatrice du déplacement dentaire. Le recours aux corticotomies alvéolaires permettrait d’accélérer le déplacement dentaire par un facteur 3 ou 4 (2) avec des suites opératoires souvent moins importantes qu’une avulsion de prémolaire , en particulier dans les nouvelles approches mini-invasives. La piezocision permet la correction orthodontique de malocclusions sévères sans présenter les inconvénients des approches chirurgicales extensives et traumatiques des corticotomies alvéolaires classiques. Elle offre un temps chirurgical réduit, des suites post-opératoires minimales, une grande tolérance chez les patients ainsi qu’un parodonte amélioré. (3) Nous présentons une revue de la littérature afin d’évaluer l’efficacité de l’ostéotomie inter alvéolaire par piezocision sur l’accélération ou la facilitation des déplacements dentaires comparée au traitement orthodontique classique. La recherche des données de la littérature a été réalisée sur la base de données pubmed. Les études ont montré que les corticotomies par piezocision favorisent et accélérent les déplacements dentaires avec peu de complications associées. (4) Nous avons retrouvé peu de lésions parodontales et dentaires d’origine iatrogènes. Peu d’études comparatives avec le traitement orthodontique conventionnel ont étés retrouvées mais elles affirment que l’ostéotomie interalvéolaire diminue le temps de traitement orthodontique global de façon significative. Les corticotomies interalvéolaires par piezocision ont un ratio bénéfice risque très favorable et se montre être une solution thérapeutique efficace dans le traitement orthodontique de l’adulte.
Application du plasma atmosphérique froid en oncologie : une revue systématique
Authors: Dubuc A. , Monsarrat P. , Laurencin-Dalicieux S. , Virard F. , Sarrette J.P. , Merbahi N. , Cousty S.
Published: March 2020

Introduction : Le plasma atmosphérique froid est un gaz ionisé produit à pression atmosphérique. Plusieurs applications médicales sont étudiées, notamment la cicatrisation des plaies chroniques et l’effet antimicrobien. En effet, le traitement par plasma permet de générer de nombreuses espèces réactives de l’oxygène et de l’azote. L’application d’un tel traitement in-vitro sur des cellules eucaryotes a montré de nombreux effets cellulaires tel que l’apoptose. Les applications dans le domaine de l’oncologie ont par conséquent été étudiées. Objectif : L’objectif de cette revue systématique est d’analyser l’utilisation du plasma atmosphérique froid en oncologie ainsi que les méthodologies (lignées cellulaires ciblées, paramètres physiques, thérapies directes ou indirectes) mises en oeuvre jusqu’à ce jour. Matériels et méthodes : Les bases de données Pubmed, ICTRP et Google Scholar ont été explorées jusqu’au 17/01/2017 afin de recenser les études traitant de l’utilisation du plasma en oncologie, que ce soit des études in-vitro, in-vivo ou des essais cliniques. Résultats : 150 articles originaux ont été inclus. Les Jets de plasma sont les systèmes de production de plasma les plus utilisés (73,3%). L’hélium est le gaz le plus utilisé (34%) suivi par l’air (28%) et l’argon (19,3%). Les études sont principalement in-vitro (94%). L’application directe du plasma est la plus représentée (84,2%). Les lignées cellulaires ciblées sont la plupart dérivées de lignées cancéreuses humaines (82%), en particulier des lignées issues de cancer du cerveau (16,6%). Conclusions : Cette étude met en évidence la multiplicité de moyens de production et d’applications clinques du plasma atmosphérique froid en oncologie. Alors que certains dispositifs peuvent être utilisés directement sur les patients, d’autres ouvrent la voie au développement de nouveaux produits pharmaceutiques qui pourraient être produits à échelle industrielle. L’utilisation clinique du plasma nécessite la mise au point de protocoles fiables et standardisés afin de déterminer le plasma le plus adapté à chaque type de cancers et d’envisager son association avec les traitements conventionnels.
Découverte fortuite d’une lésion mandibulaire, un cas de kyste anévrismal
Authors: Gossiome C. , Rufino F. , Herve G. , Benassarou M. , Goudot P. , Descroix V. , Lescaille G.
Published: March 2020

Introduction : Les kystes et tumeurs des maxillaires représentent une multitude d’entités pour lesquelles le diagnostic est parfois difficile. L’examen anatomopathologique permet dans la majorité des cas de donner un diagnostic de certitude mais il est parfois nécessaire de confronter ces résultats à l’imagerie voir de réaliser des marquages d’immunohistochimie pour mieux caractériser la lésion. Le diagnostic différentiel apparaît comme primordial devant certaines entités dont l’évolution guide une prise en charge très différente. Cas clinique : Il s’agissait d’une jeune patiente de 25 ans sans antécédent médical, adressée par son chirurgien-dentiste à la suite de la découverte fortuite d’une lésion osseuse au niveau de l’angle mandibulaire droit. Une exploration radiographique de type CBCT ainsi qu’une biopsie osseuse ont été réalisées. La confrontation de l’imagerie et du diagnostic histologique ne permettait pas de dissocier deux diagnostics possibles, la lésion pouvant correspondre à une tumeur à cellules géantes (TCG) ou à un kyste osseux anévrismal (KOA). Devant cette incertitude, un marquage par immunohistochimie de la protéine p63 ainsi qu’une imagerie par résonance magnétique ont été demandés. Un marquage négatif à la p63 ainsi que l’analyse de l’ensemble des images radiologiques nous a permis de poser le diagnostic de kyste anévrismal. Devant le caractère asymptomatique de la lésion et de l’absence d’évolution à 9 mois, une attitude de surveillance a été décidée. Discussion : Les deux entités que sont le KOA et la TCG sont des lésions dont le diagnostic différentiel est complexe mais impératif du fait de leurs évolutions très différentes. Le KOA correspond à une dystrophie osseuse bénigne qui forme une lésion cavitaire constituée d’un réseau riche en fibroblastes et cellules géantes plurinucléés parfois bordées par un endothélium. Cette lésion est bénigne d’évolution lente. Le traitement consiste le plus souvent en un curetage de la cavité kystique lorsque la lésion entraîne déformation et/ou symptomatologie. La TCG présente de nombreuses caractéristiques histologiques en commun avec le kyste osseux anévrismal, avec un nombre de cellules géantes plus important. Toutefois la TCG présente un risque de récidive de l’ordre de 50% ainsi qu’un risque de transformation maligne (sarcome) de 10 à 20 %. Son évolution peut également être rapide. Le traitement doit être radical et consiste en une exérèse chirurgicale avec marges. Il a été montré par plusieurs auteurs que le marquage de p63, une protéine nucléaire de la famille du gène suppresseur p53, retrouvée dans différents tissus permettait de distinguer ces deux entités dans plusieurs localisations. Conclusion : Le marquage de la protéine p63 peut apparaît donc très utile dans le diagnostic différentiel de ces lésions dont les pronostics sont très différents lorsque l’imagerie et le marquage en HES ne sont pas suffisants.
Translationale Highlights Mamma- und Ovarialkarzinom 2019 – Immuntherapien, DNA-Reparatur, PI3K-Inhibition und CDK4/6-Therapien
Authors: Hartkopf Andreas D. , Müller Volkmar , Wöckel Achim , Lux Michael P. , Janni Wolfgang , Ettl Johannes , Belleville Erik , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter A. , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Welslau Manfred , Overkamp Friedrich , Taran Florin-Andrei , Brucker Sara Y. , Wallwiener Markus , Tesch Hans , Fehm Tanja N. , Schneeweiss Andreas , Lüftner Diana
Published: March 2020

Im Rahmen von derzeit laufenden Studien werden in naher Zukunft wichtige translationale Fragestellungen von klinischer Relevanz geklärt werden. Zum einen muss die Rolle der PD‑L1-Expression, nachdem sie für die Indikationsstellung für Atezolizumab in der 1. Therapielinie bei Patientinnen mit einem metastasierten triplenegativen Mammakarzinom (TNBC) von Relevanz ist, weiter geklärt werden. In einer neoadjuvanten Studie beim TNBC mit Pembrolizumab konnte kein Zusammenhang zwischen Wirksamkeit und PD‑L1-Expression gefunden werden. Sowohl mit als auch ohne Expression war die pCR höher, wenn Pembrolizumab zur Chemotherapie hinzugefügt wurde. Des Weiteren wird für die bei Keimbahnmutation von BRCA1/2 zugelassenen PARP-Inhibitoren nach weiteren Patientengruppen gesucht, in denen eine Wirksamkeit besteht. Dieses sind z. B. Patientinnen mit Mutationen in anderen Genen, die an der homologen Rekombination beteiligt sind, oder Patientinnen mit Tumoren, die bei globalen Tests zu homologen Rekombinationsdefizienzen (HRDTests) eine Auffälligkeit zeigen. Auch die Frage, ob und mit welchen Chemotherapie-Kombinationspartnern eine PARP-Inhibition zusammen gegeben werden kann, wird derzeit sowohl beim Mamma- als auch beim Ovarialkarzinom untersucht. Während sich die Daten zum verbesserten Gesamtüberleben bei den CDK4/6-Inhibitoren konsolidieren, wächst auch das Wissen um molekulare Veränderungen unter der Therapie und bei der Progression unter der Therapie. Sowohl die Anhäufung von PI3K-Mutationen als auch PTEN-Veränderungen könnten bei der Planung von Folgetherapien eine Rolle spielen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst diese aktuellen Entwicklungen beim Mammakarzinom und teilweise auch beim Ovarialkarzinom zusammen.
Association between Vitamin D and Knee Osteoarthritis: A PRISMA-Compliant Meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Yinghao , Liu Dongcheng , Feng Dehong , Zhao Jijun
Published: March 2020

Background Previous investigations showed inconsistent results for associations between vitamin D and knee osteoarthritis (OA). The present study aimed to make a systematic review and meta-analysis for the association between vitamin D and knee OA.

Methods We systematically searched for articles published in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, and Google Scholar through July 2019. All statistical analyses were made using STATA 12.0 software. The Q test and I2 were applied to examine heterogeneities between studies.

Results The study indicated that there were no significant associations between serum levels of 25-hydroxy (OH) vitamin D and prevalence, incidence or progression of knee radiographic OA (ROA), and joint space narrowing (JSN). However, a subgroup study showed significant associations of low vitamin D levels with the progression of knee OA. Additionally, the present study showed no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on knee OA.

Conclusions The results do not support that serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D are associated with the risks of knee OA, except perhaps with progression of knee OA. In addition, vitamin D supplementation may not have a clinically significant effect on pain control or structure (tibial cartilage volume and JSW) progression in patients with knee OA. Longer-term clinical trials are essential to explore the effect of vitamin D supplementation on knee OA.
Prevalence of Dental Caries in 5- to 12-Year-Old School Children of Patiala City, Punjab
Authors: Kaur Surinder , Kaur Avninder , Singh Reetu , Avasthi Avijit , Fatima Alvi
Published: March 2020

Introduction The present study was conducted with the aim to evaluate prevalence of dental caries in 5- to 12-year-old children in the city of Patiala, Punjab.

Materials and Methods This cross sectional study comprised 1,600 school children belonging to upper middle and lower middle class groups. The children were examined in their schools itself sitting on an ordinary chair.

Results Caries prevalence reported was 40%. Higher decayed, missing, and filled teeth were found in children eating sweet foods.

Conclusion Results reveal a high percentage of children with dental caries which shows a need for oral health awareness in these children. A low percentage of children was brushing twice a day.
Families' Experiences of Life in the Year after a Child's Critical Illness: Navigating the Road to a “New Normal”
Authors: Atkins Ellie K. , John Mary , Colville Gillian
Published: March 2020

Semistructured interviews were conducted with patients and family members (n = 18) postdischarge to examine how they managed their recovery in the year following a child's intensive care unit admission. Data were analyzed using the grounded theory. Participants described an ongoing need to develop and adapt their narratives about admission and recovery. Other key themes were as follows: just getting through, recognizing they had changed, striving for normality, and finding positive aspects related to their experiences. It took longer than they expected for families to build a coherent narrative of events postdischarge and to adjust to the “new normal.” Implications for health professionals are discussed.
High-Dose Vasopressor Therapy for Pediatric Septic Shock: When Is Too Much?
Authors: da Silva Paulo Sérgio Lucas , Fonseca Marcelo Cunio Machado
Published: March 2020

It is unknown if the requirement for high dose of vasopressor (HDV) represents a poor outcome in pediatric septic shock. This is a retrospective observational analysis with data obtained from a single center. We evaluated the association between the use of HDV and survival in these patients. A total of 62 children (38 survivors and 24 nonsurvivors) were assessed. The dose of vasopressor (hazard ratio 2.06) and oliguria (hazard ratio 3.17) was independently associated with mortality. The peak of vasopressor was the best prognostic predictor. A cutoff of 1.3 μg/kg/min was associated with mortality with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 89%. Vasopressor administration higher than 1.3 μg/kg/min was associated with increased mortality in children with septic shock.
Complete Labyrinthine Aplasia: A Unique Sign for Targeted Genetic Testing in Hearing Loss
Authors: Lallar Meenakshi , Arora Veronica , Saxena Renu , Puri Ratna Dua , Verma Ishwar Chander
Published: March 2020

Complete labyrinthine aplasia (CLA) is a rare inner ear anomaly. The only identified genetic cause of CLA with severe sensorineural hearing loss is labyrinthine aplasia, microtia, and microdontia (LAMM) syndrome. Here we reported a child who presented with syndromic hearing loss and was diagnosed with LAMM syndrome. Genetic evaluation provided the family with confirmation of the diagnosis, provision of the prognosis, genetic counselling, and prenatal diagnosis. This report highlighted that CLA should be recognized as a unique sign to diagnose LAMM syndrome, to analyze FGF3 gene mutation, and also demonstrated the utility of genetic testing in patients with suspected LAMM syndrome to provide exact diagnosis and further management.
A new method for detecting surface defects on curved reflective optics using normalized reflectivity
Authors: Du Hui-Lin , Zhang Wen-Hao , Ju Bing-Feng , Sun Zeqing , Sun Anyu
Published: March 2020

Detection of surface defects is critical in quality control of reflective optics. In this note, we propose a new surface defect detection method for reflective optics using the normalized reflectivity, which is calculated from the signal intensity of a chromatic confocal surface profiler. This detection method first scans the surface to acquire signal intensity data and then models the intensity data to calculate the normalized local reflectivity map. The reflectivity map is further processed by threshold segmentation to extract defects from normal areas. Measurement experiments on an Al-coated concave reflector with artificial defects were carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the method. This detection method can provide existing optical surface profilers with defect detecting capabilities without extra equipment.
Clean, robust alkali sources by intercalation within highly oriented pyrolytic graphite
Authors: Kohn Rudolph N. , Bigelow Matthew S. , Spanjers Mary , Stuhl Benjamin K. , Kasch Brian L. , Olson Spencer E. , Imhof Eric A. , Hostutler David A. , Squires Matthew B.
Published: March 2020

We report the fabrication, characterization, and use of rubidium vapor dispensers based on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) intercalated with metallic rubidium. Compared to commercial chromate salt dispensers, these intercalated HOPG (IHOPG) dispensers hold an order of magnitude more rubidium in a similar volume, require less than one-fourth the heating power, and emit less than one-half as many impurities. Appropriate processing permits exposure of the IHOPG to atmosphere for over ninety minutes without any adverse effects. Intercalation of cesium, potassium, and lithium into HOPG has also been demonstrated in the literature, which suggests that IHOPG dispensers may also be made for those metals.
Probing age-related changes in cardio-respiratory dynamics by multimodal coupling assessment
Authors: Lin Chen , Lin Pei-Feng , Wang Chen-Hsu , Juan Chung-Hau , Tran Thi-Thao , Pham Van-Truong , Nien Chun-Tung , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Wang Cheng-Yen , Yeh Chien-Hung , Lo Men-Tzung
Published: March 2020

Quantifying respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) can provide an index of parasympathetic function. Fourier spectral analysis, the most widely used approach, estimates the power of the heart rate variability in the frequency band of breathing. However, it neglects the time-varying characteristics of the transitions as well as the nonlinear properties of the cardio-respiratory coupling. Here, we propose a novel approach based on Hilbert–Huang transform, called the multimodal coupling analysis (MMCA) method, to assess cardio-respiratory dynamics by examining the instantaneous nonlinear phase interactions between two interconnected signals (i.e., heart rate and respiration) and compare with the counterparts derived from the wavelet-based method. We used an online database. The corresponding RSA components of the 90-min ECG and respiratory signals of 20 young and 20 elderly healthy subjects were extracted and quantified. A cycle-based analysis and a synchro-squeezed wavelet transform were also introduced to assess the amplitude or phase changes of each respiratory cycle. Our results demonstrated that the diminished mean and standard deviation of the derived dynamical RSA activities can better discriminate between elderly and young subjects. Moreover, the degree of nonlinearity of the cycle-by-cycle RSA waveform derived from the differences between the instantaneous frequency and the mean frequency of each respiratory cycle was significantly decreased in the elderly subjects by the MMCA method. The MMCA method in combination with the cycle-based analysis can potentially be a useful tool to depict the aging changes of the parasympathetic function as well as the waveform nonlinearity of RSA compared to the Fourier-based high-frequency power and the wavelet-based method.