bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Polyfunctional Aryl Copper Reagents with Aryl Bromides and Chlorides.
Authors: Korn Tobias J. , Knochel Paul
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Novel One‐Pot Synthesis of Phthalic Acid Derivatives Involving a Three‐Component Coupling Reaction of β‐Arylcrotonate and Alkynes.
Authors: Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K. , Prakash Chandran
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Aldehydes.
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Ohta Tetsuo , Ito Yoshihiko
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
t‐Bu‐Amphos—RhCl3×3H2O: A Highly Recyclable Catalyst System for the Cross‐Coupling of Aldehydes and Aryl‐ and Alkenylboronic Acids in Aqueous Solvents.
Authors: Huang Rongcai , Shaughnessy Kevin H.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Convenient Synthesis of 7,8‐Dimethoxytetralin‐2‐one.
Authors: Gorka A. , Czuczai B. , Szoleczky P. , Hazai L. , Szantay Cs. Jr. , Hada V. , Szantay Cs.
Published: January 2006

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Novel (E)‐α‐[(1H‐Indol‐3‐yl)methylene]benzeneacetic Acids as Endothelin Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Pittala Valeria , Romeo Giuseppe , Materia Luisa , Salerno Loredana , Siracusa Maria Angela , Modica Maria , Mereghetti Ilario , Cagnotto Alfredo , Russo Filippo
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Regio‐Controlled Synthesis of N‐Substituted Imidazoles.
Authors: Xi Ning , Xu Shimin , Cheng Yuan , Tasker Andrew S. , Hungate Randall W. , Reider Paul J.
Published: January 2006

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Electrochemically Promoted C—N Bond Formation from Acetylenic Amines and CO2. Synthesis of 5‐Methylene‐1,3‐oxazolidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Feroci Marta , Orsini Monica , Sotgiu Giovanni , Rossi Leucio , Inesi Achille
Published: January 2006

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Lewis Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Cycloadditions of Nitrones: α′‐Hydroxy Enones as Efficient Reaction Partners.
Authors: Palomo Claudio , Oiarbide Mikel , Arceo Elena , Garcia Jesus M. , Lopez Rosa , Gonzalez Alberto , Linden Anthony
Published: January 2006

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Simple and Convenient Synthesis of 2‐(Substituted‐benzylsulfanyl)‐4,5‐dihydrothiazoles and Their Antimicrobial Activity Studies.
Authors: Kumar Ramanatham Vinod , Kumar Kotha V. S. R. Seshu
Published: January 2006

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New Cleavable Isocyanides for the Combinatorial Synthesis of α‐Amino Acid Analogue Tetrazoles.
Authors: Mayer Josef , Umkehrer Michael , Kalinski Cedric , Ross Guenther , Kolb Juergen , Burdack Christoph , Hiller Wolfgang
Published: January 2006

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Investigations on Regio‐ and Stereoselectivities in Cycloadditions Involving α‐(3‐Pyridyl)‐N‐phenylnitrone: Development of an Efficient Route to Novel Nicotine Analogues.
Authors: Singh Gurpinder , Ishar M. P. S. , Girdhar Navdeep K. , Singh Lakhwinder
Published: January 2006

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A Rhodium‐Catalyzed Route for Oxidative Coupling and Cyclization of 2‐Aminobenzyl Alcohol with Ketones Leading to Quinolines.
Authors: Cho Chan Sik , Seok Hyo Jin , Shim Sang Chul
Published: January 2006

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One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel N‐Cyclopropyldecahydroacridine‐1,8‐dione Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Zhang Xiaojing , Shi Feng , Li Tuanjie , Wang Qian , Zhu Xiaotong , Zhang Jinpeng , Xu Jianing
Published: January 2006

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Direct Synthesis of Monofunctionalized Indolizine Derivatives Bearing Alkoxymethyl Substituents at C‐3 and Their Benzofused Analogues.
Authors: Kaloko Joseph Jr. , Hayford Anthony
Published: January 2006

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First Synthesis and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of Hexahydrobenzo[b]pyrido[3,4,5‐de]‐1,6‐naphthyridines.
Authors: Voskressensky Leonid G. , Borisova Tatiana N. , Listratova Anna , Vorobiev Ilia V. , Aleksandrov Grigory G. , Varlamov Alexey V.
Published: January 2006

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A Modified, Economical and Efficient Synthesis of Variably Substituted Pyrazolo[4,3‐d]pyrimidin‐7‐ones.
Authors: Khan Khalid Mohammed , Maharvi Ghulam Murtaza , Choudhary Muhammad Igbal , Atta‐ur‐Rahman Atta‐ur‐Rahman , Perveen Shahnaz
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Three Carbon Atom Bridged 2,4‐Diaminopyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines as Nonclassical Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors.
Authors: Gangjee Aleem , Ye Zhengqu , Queener Sherry F.
Published: January 2006

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2‐(2‐Furanyl)‐7‐phenyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐c]pyrimidin‐5‐amine Analogues: Highly Potent, Orally Active, Adenosine A2A Antagonists. Part 1.
Authors: Matasi Julius J. , Caldwell John P. , Zhang Hongtao , Fawzi Ahmad , Cohen‐Williams Mary E. , Varty Geoffrey B. , Tulshian Deen B.
Published: January 2006

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Inhibition of Tumor Cell Proliferation by Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4(1H)‐one‐based Analogues.
Authors: Wang Yanong D. , Johnson Steven , Powell Dennis , McGinnis John P. , Miranda Miriam , Rabindran Sridhar K.
Published: January 2006

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A Highly Selective, Organocatalytic Route to Chiral Dihydro‐1,2‐oxazines.
Authors: Kumarn Sirirat , Shaw David M. , Longbottom Deborah A. , Ley Steven V.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Some Pyrazolo[1,5‐c][1,3]benzoxazines and a New 5H‐Pyrazolo[1,5‐c][1,3,2]benzoxazaphosphorine Ring System
Authors: Svetlik Jan , Pronayova Nada , Kubista Jiri
Published: January 2006

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A New Approach to 1‐Substituted‐1,2‐alkadienephosphonates. Part 2. Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxy‐3,4‐alkadiene‐3‐phosphonate Dimethyl Esters.
Authors: Enchev D. D. , Kirilov M.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of Betulin Esters, Betulinic Acids and Allobetulin.
Authors: Flekhter O. B. , Medvedeva N. I. , Karachurina L. T. , Baltina L. A. , Galin F. Z. , Zarudii F. S. , Tolstikov G. A.
Published: January 2006

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Active Secondary Metabolites from Fungi. Part 22. New Oblongolides Isolated from the Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp. from Melilotus dentata from the Shores of the Baltic Sea.
Authors: Dai Jingqiu , Krohn Karsten , Gehle Dietmar , Kock Ines , Floerke Ulrich , Aust Hans‐Juergen , Draeger Siegfried , Schulz Barbara , Rheinheimer Joachim
Published: January 2006

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A Total Synthesis of Guanacastepene C.
Authors: Mehta Goverdhan , Pallavi Kotapalli , Umarye Jayant D.
Published: January 2006

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Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Kaitocephalin.
Authors: Kawasaki Masanori , Shinada Tetsuro , Hamada Makoto , Ohfune Yasufumi
Published: January 2006

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A New Approach to the Synthesis of Selectively Protected (2S)‐1,2,4‐Triaminobutane Derivatives.
Authors: Treder Adam P. , Walkowiak Aleksandra , Zgoda Wlodzimierz , Andruszkiewicz Ryszard
Published: January 2006

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Olefinic‐Ester Cyclizations Using Takai—Utimoto Reduced Titanium Alkylidenes.
Authors: Majumder Utpal , Rainier Jon D.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Chiral Building Blocks for Cephalostatin Analogues.
Authors: Yunus Uzma , Iqbal Rashid , Winterfeldt Ekkhard
Published: January 2006

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Structure‐Based Design, Synthesis, and in vitro Assay of Novel Nucleoside Analogue Inhibitors Against HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase.
Authors: Liu Xianjun , Xie Wei , Huang Raven H.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of 5‐Haloethynyl‐ and 5‐(1,2‐Dihalo)vinyluracil Nucleosides: Antiviral Activity and Cellular Toxicity.
Authors: Escuret Vanessa , Aucagne Vincent , Joubert Nicolas , Durantel David , Rapp Kimberly L. , Schinazi Raymond F. , Zoulim Fabien , Agrofoglio Luigi A.
Published: January 2006

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Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐DDB Through Oxazoline‐Mediated Ullmann Coupling.
Authors: Tan Qitao , Li Hongyan , Wen Jiwu , Jiang Chen , Wang Xin , You Tianpa
Published: January 2006

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Biological Evaluation of 2‐Aryl‐2‐fluoropropionic Acids as Possible Platforms for New Medicinal Agents.
Authors: Takeuchi Yoshio , Fujisawa Hidehito , Fujiwara Tomoya , Matsuura Mamoru , Komatsu Hirotsugu , Ueno Satoshi , Matsuzaki Takeshi
Published: January 2006

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Magnetism of Nanostructured Iron Nitride (Fe—N) Systems
Authors: Gajbhiye N. S. , Panda R. N. , Ningthoujam R. S. , Bhattacharyya Sayan
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Chemistry Approach in Yb Doped Laser Materials
Authors: Viana B. , Petit J. , Gaume R. , Goldner P. , Druon F. , Balembois F. , Georges P.
Published: January 2006

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Chemical Reactions on Solid Surfaces of Astrophysical Interest
Authors: Biham Ofer , Pirronello Valerio , Vidali Gianfranco
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Carbon—Carbon Bonding Made Easy
Authors: Suzuki Akira
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Organometallic Chemistry, Biology and Medicine: Ruthenium Arene Anticancer Complexes
Authors: Yan Yaw Kai , Melchart Michael , Habtemariam Abraha , Sadler Peter J.
Published: January 2006

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkenyl Amination: From Enamines to Heterocyclic Synthesis
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Valdes Carlos
Published: January 2006

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Uniqueness and Versatility of Iminopyrrolyl Ligands for Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Mashima Kazushi , Tsurugi Hayato
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Non‐metallocene Rare Earth Metal Catalysts for the Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Hydroamination of Aminoalkenes
Authors: Hultzsch Kai C. , Gribkov Denis V. , Hampel Frank
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sequential and Domino Sonogashira Coupling: Efficient Tools for the Synthesis of Diarylalkynes
Authors: Nagy Andras , Novak Zoltan , Kotschy Andras
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Optically Active Isoquinoline and Indole Alkaloids Employing the Pictet—Spengler Condensation with Removable Chiral Auxiliaries Bound to Nitrogen
Authors: Kaufman Teodoro S.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Molecules Containing the Bispidine Core
Authors: Lesma Giordano , Sacchetti Alessandro , Silvani Alessandra , Danieli Bruno
Published: January 2006

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Oxyfunctionalization of Alkenes by Dye‐Sensitized Intrazeolite Photooxygenation
Authors: Stratakis Manolis
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hydroalumination Reactions in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Roesky Herbert W.
Published: January 2006

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New Materials for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Schueth Ferdi
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Solution and Solid‐State Polymerizations of Substituted para‐Quinodimethanes and para‐Quinone Methides
Authors: Itoh Takahito
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Catalysis in Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Amino Acids
Authors: Wenzel Anna G. , Jacobsen Eric N.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Solid Phase Isotope Exchange with Spillover Hydrogen in Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
Authors: Zolotarev Yu. A. , Dadayan A. K. , Borisov Yu. A.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Filamentous Phage Display in the New Millennium
Authors: Kehoe John W. , Kay Brian K.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pregna‐D′‐pentaranes, Progestins and Antiprogestins. Part 1. Separation of Biological Functions of Steroid Hormones
Authors: Kamernitzky A. V. , Levina I. S.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nuclides and Tracers ‐ Mechanism and Application. Radiodiagnostics for Peripheral Organ Diseases
Authors: Guendisch Daniela
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
PET‐Diagnostics in Oncology
Authors: Machulla Hans‐Juergen
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tautomeric Equilibria in Relation to Pi‐Electron Delocalization
Authors: Raczynska Ewa Daniela , Kosinska Wanda , Osmialowski Borys , Gawinecki Ryszard
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Spherical Aromaticity: Recent Work on Fullerenes, Polyhedral Boranes, and Related Structures
Authors: Chen Zhongfang , King R. Bruce
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Energetic Aspects of Cyclic Pi‐Electron Delocalization: Evaluation of the Methods of Estimating Aromatic Stabilization Energies
Authors: Cyranski Michal Ksawery
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Description of Electron Delocalization via the Analysis of Molecular Fields
Authors: Merino Gabriel , Vela Alberto , Heine Thomas
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nucleus‐Independent Chemical Shifts (NICS) as an Aromaticity Criterion
Authors: Chen Zhongfang , Wannere Chaitanya S. , Corminboeuf Clemence , Puchta Ralph , von Rague Schleyer Paul
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Theoretical Evaluation of Electron Delocalization in Aromatic Molecules by Means of Atoms in Molecules (AIM) and Electron Localization Functional (ELF) Topological Approaches
Authors: Poater Jordi , Duran Miquel , Sola Miquel , Silvi Bernard
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Anisotropy of the Induced Current Density (ACID), a General Method to Quantify and Visualize Electronic Delocalization
Authors: Geuenich Daniel , Hess Kirsten , Koehler Felix , Herges Rainer
Published: January 2006

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Gold‐Caged Metal Clusters with Large HOMO—LUMO Gap and High Electron Affinity.
Authors: Gao Yi , Bulusu Satya , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Structure of the Ln6Pb2Se11 (Ln: Y, Dy and Ho) Compounds.
Authors: Gulay L. D. , Shemet V. Ya. , Stepien‐Damm J. , Pietraszko A. , Olekseyuk I. D.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Gallium Tris(iodate), Ga(IO3)3.
Authors: Chen Xue‐An , Xue Hai‐Ping , Chang Xin‐An , Zang He‐Gui , Xiao Wei‐Qing
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nanostructured, Gd‐Doped Ceria Promoted by Pt or Pd: Investigation of the Electronic and Surface Structures and Relations to Chemical Properties.
Authors: Borchert Holger , et al. et al.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Chemical Bond in the Cyclic Anions P64‐ and As64‐: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Electron Localization Function of {Rb([18]crown‐6) }2Rb2As6×6NH3.
Authors: Kraus Florian , Hanauer Tobias , Korber Nikolaus
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Li1+xV3O8 by Citrate Sol—Gel Route at Low Temperature.
Authors: Wu Z. J. , Zhao X. B. , Tu J. , Cao G. S. , Tu J. P. , Zhu T. J.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of a Novel Photocatalyst, ZnBiVO4, for the Photodecomposition of H2S.
Authors: Kale B. B. , Baeg Jin‐Ook , Yoo Jin S. , Lee Sang Mi , Lee Chul Wee , Moon Sang‐Jin , Chang Hyunju
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Enantioselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Enones at Room Temperature.
Authors: Martina Sebastien L. X. , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Hessen Bart , Feringa Ben L.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Urea‐ and Thiourea‐Substituted Cinchona Alkaloid Derivatives as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Addition of Malonate to Nitroalkenes: Inversion of Configuration at C‐9 Dramatically Improves Catalyst Performance.
Authors: McCooey Seamus H. , Connon Stephen J.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
First Example of Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation in Water Induced by a Chiral Amino Alcohol Hydrochloride.
Authors: Mao Jincheng , Wan Boshun , Wu Fan , Lu Shiwei
Published: January 2006

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Air‐Stable Racemization Catalyst for Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols at Room Temperature.
Authors: Kim Namdu , Ko Soo‐Byung , Kwon Min Serk , Kim Mahn‐Joo , Park Jaiwook
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Radical‐Mediated Hydroxyalkylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Yajima Tomoko , Saito Chiaki , Nagano Hajime
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Clean and Efficient Microwave Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Some Antimicrobial Compounds from 2‐Aminothiadiazine.
Authors: Patel V. M. , Desai K. R.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tetraarylphosphonium Halides as Arylating Reagents in Pd‐Catalyzed Heck and Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Hwang Lee Kyoung , Na Youngim , Lee Junseong , Do Youngkyu , Chang Sukbok
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
γ,δ‐Unsaturated β‐Diketones by Acylation of Ketones.
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Meher Nabin K. , Singh Sandeep K.
Published: January 2006

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Transition‐Metal‐Mediated Cascade Reactions: The Water‐Accelerated Carboalumination—Claisen Rearrangement—Carbonyl Addition Reaction.
Authors: Wipf Peter , Waller David L. , Reeves Jonathan T.
Published: January 2006

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First Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldehydes to Vinyl Sulfones.
Authors: Mosse Sarah , Alexakis Alexandre
Published: January 2006

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A Facile Photoinduced Iodoperfluoroalkylation of Dienes, Diynes, and Enynes with Perfluoroalkyl Iodides via Selective Radical Cyclization.
Authors: Tsuchii Kaname , Ueta Yukihiro , Kamada Nagisa , Einaga Yoshiyuki , Nomoto Akihiro , Ogawa Akiya
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antitrypanosomal and Antiplasmodial Activities of New 4‐Aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane Derivatives.
Authors: Seebacher Werner , Brun Reto , Kaiser Marcel , Saf Robert , Weis Robert
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Insecticidal Evaluation of Novel N‐Oxalyl Derivatives of Diacylhydrazines Containing Methylcarbamate Moieties.
Authors: Mao Chunhui , Wang Qingmin , Huang Runqiu , Chen Li , Shang Jian , Bi Fuchun
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of β‐Substituted α‐Amino Acids via Lewis Acid Promoted Enantioselective Radical Conjugate Additions.
Authors: He Liwen , Srikanth G. S. C. , Castle Steven L.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Ene‐ynamide Derivatives Starting from Baylis—Hillman Adducts: Isomerization with the Aid of π‐Cation Interaction.
Authors: Gowrisankar Saravanan , Lee Ka Young , Kim Seung Chan , Kim Jae Nyoung
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of 3‐Sulfanylpropanols Containing Three Consecutive Stereocenters via Tandem Michael—Aldol Reaction of Enoylthioamides with Acetals as Key Reaction.
Authors: Kinoshita Hironori , Takahashi Natsuko , Iwamura Tatsunori , Watanabe Shin‐ichi , Kataoka Tadashi , Muraoka Osamu , Tanabe Genzoh
Published: January 2006

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Imidazole‐Based Solid‐Supported Catalysts for the Benzoin Condensation.
Authors: Storey John M. D. , Williamson Craig
Published: January 2006

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Direct Aerobic Epoxidation of Alkenes Catalyzed by Metal Nanoparticles Stabilized by the H5PV2Mo10O40 Polyoxometalate.
Authors: Maayan Galia , Neumann Ronny
Published: January 2006

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Template‐Directed Photodimerization of trans‐1,2‐Bis(n‐pyridyl)ethylenes and Stilbazoles in Water.
Authors: Pattabiraman Mahesh , Natarajan Arunkumar , Kaliappan Raja , Mague Joel T. , Ramamurthy V.
Published: January 2006

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Novel Methods for the Synthesis of 4‐Arylisoquinolinium Perchlorates and 4‐Arylisoquinolin‐1‐ones.
Authors: Coskun Necdet , Kizilkusak Yunus Tolga
Published: January 2006

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Regioselective Halogenation of 6‐Azaindoles: Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Halo‐2,3‐disubstituted‐6‐azaindole Derivatives.
Authors: Gallou Fabrice , Reeves Jonathan T. , Tan Zhulin , Song Jinhua J. , Yee Nathan K. , Campbell Scot , Jones Paul‐James , Senanayake Chris H.
Published: January 2006

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Enyne and Dienyne Metathesis Reactions in β‐Carbolines.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Gomez Alvaro , Dominguez Gema , Perez‐Castells Javier
Published: January 2006

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Reaction of Some Terpenoids with Malononitrile in the Presence of Hydrotalcite.
Authors: Khomenko T. M. , Volcho K. P. , Toktarev A. V. , Echevskii G. V. , Salakhutdinov N. F. , Barkhash V. A.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Novel Spiro‐2‐isoxazolines Derived from Parthenin.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Ramesh C. , Ravindranath N. , Mahender G. , Holla Harish
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Antineoplastic Activity of Some 16‐Benzylidene Substituted Steroidal Oximes.
Authors: Dubey Sonal , Jindal Dharam Paul , Piplani Poonam
Published: January 2006

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An Efficient Synthesis of Argifin: A Natural Product Chitinase Inhibitor with Chemotherapeutic Potential.
Authors: Dixon Mark J. , Andersen Ole A. , van Aalten Daan M. F. , Eggleston Ian M.
Published: January 2006

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An Application of the Phosphine‐Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation in Indole Alkaloid Synthesis: Formal Syntheses of (.+‐.)‐Alstonerine and (.+‐.)‐Macroline.
Authors: Tran Yang S. , Kwon Ohyun
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Structure of Cytisinyl(β‐chloro‐β‐phenylvinyl)phosphinic Esters.
Authors: Zhivotova T. S. , Gazaliev A. M. , Fazylov S. D. , Karimova A. B. , Turdybekov D. M. , Turdybekov K. M.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 4′‐Quaternary 2′‐Deoxy‐3′‐epi‐β‐C‐nucleosides.
Authors: Enders Dieter , Hieronymi Antje , Ridder Andre
Published: January 2006

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An Efficient Synthesis of Benzofurans and Their Application in the Preparation of Natural Products of the Genus Calea.
Authors: del Carmen Cruz Maria , Tamariz Joaquin
Published: January 2006

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Discovery of 4‐Aryl‐4H‐chromenes as a New Series of Apoptosis Inducers Using a Cell‐ and Caspase‐Based Hight‐Throughput Screening Assay. Part 2. Structure—Activity Relationships of the 7‐ and 5‐, 6‐, 8‐Positions.
Authors: Cai Sui Xiong , et al. et al.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Identification of Potent Type I MetAP Inhibitors by Simple Bioisosteric Replacement. Part 1. Synthesis and Preliminary SAR Studies of Thiazole‐4‐carboxylic Acid Thiazol‐2‐ylamide Derivatives.
Authors: Cui Yong‐Mei , Huang Qing‐Qing , Xu Jie , Chen Ling‐Ling , Li Jing‐Ya , Ye Qi‐Zhuang , Li Jia , Nan Fa‐Jun
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structure‐Based Design and Synthesis of Novel Non‐Zinc Chelating MMP‐12 Inhibitors.
Authors: Dublanchet Anne‐Claude , et al. et al.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1‐Amino‐1,1‐bisphosphonates Derived from Fatty Acids Against Trypanosoma cruzi Targeting Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase.
Authors: Szajnman Sergio H. , Ravaschino Esteban L. , Docampo Roberto , Rodriguez Juan B.
Published: January 2006

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A Materials Chemistry Perspective on Nanomagnetism
Authors: Darling S. B. , Bader S. D.
Published: January 2006

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Magnetic Resonance Study of Nanodiamonds
Authors: Shames A. I. , Panich A. M. , Kempinski W. , Baidakova M. V. , Osipov V. Yu. , Enoki T. , Vul A. Ya.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Spiropyrans: Synthesis, Properties, and Application
Authors: Lukyanov B. S. , Lukyanova M. B.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hydrogenation, Hydrogenolysis, and Hydrodesulfurization of Thiophenes
Authors: Bianchini Claudio , Meli Andrea
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
β‐Lactams
Authors: Coates C. , Kabir J. , Turos E.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Methods of Aromatic Functionalization Using Palladium and Norbornene as a Unique Catalytic System
Authors: Catellani Marta
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Allylic Substitution Reactions
Authors: Sinou Denis
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Aminations
Authors: Driessen‐Hoelscher Birgit
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Heck and Other C—C Coupling Reactions
Authors: Herrmann Wolfgang A. , Reisinger Claus‐Peter , Haerter Peter
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Control of Chemical Reactions by Molecular Organization in Interfacial Thin Films
Authors: Fukuda Kiyoshige , Shibasaki Yoshio , Nakahara Hiroo
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Application of Magnetizable Complex Systems in Biomedicine
Authors: Timko M. , Koneracka M. , Kopcansky P. , Ramchand C. N. , Vekas L. , Bica D.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Emerging Innovative and Versatile Mechanochemical Techniques for Remediation of Hazardous Wastes and Contaminated Sites
Authors: Birke Volker , Runne Dietlind , Mattik Joerg , Berger Andreas , Schuett Christine , Aresta Michele , Dibenedetto Angela
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Boltzmann diffusive limit beyond the Navier‐Stokes approximation
Authors: Guo Yan
Published: January 2006

Given a normalized Maxwellian μ and n ≥ 1, we establish the global‐in‐time validity of a diffusive expansion

for a solution Fε to the rescaled Boltzmann equation (diffusive scaling)

inside a periodic box 𝕋3. We assume that in the initial expansion (0.1) at t = 0, the fluid parts of these fm(0,x,v) have arbitrary divergence‐free velocity fields as well as temperature fields for all 1 ≤ m ≤ n while f1(0,x,v) has small amplitude in H2. For m ≥ 2, these fm(t,x,v) are determined by a sequence of linear Navier‐Stokes‐Fourier systems iteratively. More importantly, the remainder f(t,x,v) is proven to decay in time uniformly in ε via a unified nonlinear energy method. In particular, our results lead to an error estimate for f1(t,x,v), the well‐known Navier‐Stokes‐Fourier approximation, and beyond. The collision kernel Q includes hard‐sphere, the cutoff inverse‐power, as well as the Coulomb interactions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metal‐Bearing and Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Pyrimidines: Generation and Functionalization
Authors: Schlosser Manfred , Lefebvre Olivier , Ondi Levente
Published: January 2006

5‐Pyrimidyllithium species are fairly stable when the metal is flanked by two electron‐withdrawing substituents such as trifluoromethyl and chlorine or bromine. Thus, the corresponding 5‐carboxylic acids are produced in high yields from 4,5‐dibromo‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine and 5‐bromo‐4‐chloro‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine upon halogen/metal permutation accomplished with isopropylmagnesium chloride or butyllithium followed by carboxylation. Satisfactory or excellent yields of 5‐carboxylic acids are equally obtained when 4‐chloro‐, 2,4‐dichloro‐ and 2,4‐dibromo‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine are deprotonated with lithium diisopropylamide before being allowed to react with dry ice. In contrast, consecutive treatment of 2‐bromo‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine and 2‐chloro‐5‐iodo‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine with butyllithium affords the expected carboxylic acids in only poor yields and not even trace amounts of acid were detected when 4‐bromo‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine served as the substrate. The formation of bipyrimidines, emerging from either one of two competing mechanistic pathways, is a permanently menacing side reaction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Picture this: emotional and political responses to photographs of the Kenneth Bigley kidnapping
Authors: Iyer Aarti , Oldmeadow Julian
Published: January 2006

The use of photographs to augment media reports of kidnapping victims in Iraq has sparked debates over the effects of such images on the public and, ultimately, the politics surrounding the event. We considered the effects of such images in a sample of British university students during the 2004 kidnapping of British citizen Kenneth Bigley. Drawing on emotions theory, we examined the effects of graphic images on emotional reactions and attitudes towards negotiations. Half of the participants were exposed to photographs of the victim that had recently been published in a national newspaper. The other half were not shown any images. As predicted, the photographs increased fear reactions amongst participants compared to no photograph controls. Fear and sympathy, but not anger, predicted attitudes towards negotiation. The photographs used in this study thus indirectly increased participants' support for negotiating with and submitting to the demands of the captors. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gold Nanoparticle‐Based Mediatorless Biosensor Prepared on Microporous Electrode
Authors: Zhang Fenghua , Cho Soon Sam , Yang Soon Hye , Seo Seong Suk , Cha Geun Sig , Nam Hakhyun
Published: January 2006

A mediatorless biosensor was fabricated with a double‐sided microporous gold electrode by successively immobilizing a mixed self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) comprising carboxylic‐acid‐ and thiol‐terminated thiolate (dl‐thiorphan and 1,8‐octanedithiol), glucose oxidase (GOx) and finally gold nanoparticle (Au NP) on one working side. The double‐sided microporous gold electrodes were formed by plasma sputtering of gold on a porous nylon substrate, yielding a face‐to‐face type two‐electrode electrochemical cell. While the straight chain molecule 1,8‐octanedithiol forms a dense insulating monolayer, the side armed dl‐thiorphan forms a low density layer for the diffusion of redox couples to the electrode surface. The mixed SAM not only provided the linking functional groups for both enzyme and Au NP but also resulted in the appropriately spaced monolayer for direct electron tansfer (ET) process from the center of the redox enzyme to the electrode surface. After covalently immobilizing GOx onto the carboxylic‐acid‐terminated monolayer, Au NP was easily immobilized to both enzyme and nearby thiols by simple dispensing of the colloidal gold solution. It was observed that the resulting amperometric biosensor exhibited quantitatively the same response to glucose in the presence and in the absence of dissolved oxygen, which evidence that the Au NPs immobilized on and around the GOx promote direct ET from the enzymes to the electrode, assuming the role of a common redox mediator.
Influence of particle‐particle interactions and particles rotational motion in traveling wave dielectrophoresis
Authors: Aubry Nadine , Singh Pushpendra
Published: January 2006

Traveling wave dielectrophoresis provides an interesting method for the controlled movement of microsized particles in suspended mixtures, and as such is a promising tool in microfluidic technology. In this case, the electrostatic force acting on the particles has two components: one due to the spatially varying magnitude of the electric field and the other due to the spatially varying phase. The actual movement of the particle is determined by the combined effect of these two forces and corresponding torques, the viscous drag exerted by the fluid on the particle, and the electrostatic and hydrodynamic particle‐particle interactions. This paper presents the first numerical simulations of the motion of particles subjected to all previous forces and torques. Our technique is based on a finite‐element scheme in which the particles are moved using a direct simulation scheme respecting the fundamental equations of motion for both the fluid and the solid particles. The fluid‐particle motion is resolved by the method of distributed Lagrange multipliers and the electrostatic forces are computed using the point‐dipole approximation. Our simulations show that the particle behavior strongly depends on the mismatch of the dielectric properties between the particles and the fluid, and that the particle‐particle interaction force as well as particles rotation speeds play crucial roles in the various regimes.
Multiuser detection techniques with decision statistics combining for layered space‐time coded CDMA systems
Authors: Marinkovic Slavica , Vucetic Branka , Chueh Joseph
Published: January 2006

This paper considers a low‐complexity iterative multiuser detection/decoding algorithm in single user layered space‐time coded (LST) systems and LST coded code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. We concentrate on the iterative multiuser receiver based on parallel interference cancellation (PIC) and compare it to the iterative PIC with the minimum means square error (MMSE) detection, as these two approaches seem to be most efficient in meeting the performance‐complexity trade‐off required by practical systems. In iterative PIC structures, a decision statistics bias severely limits the system performance for a large number of multiple access (MA) or multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) interferers. A decision statistics combining (DSC) method, originally proposed for iterative PIC receivers in CDMA systems, is used to minimize the bias effect in space‐time coded systems for iterative PIC receivers. Significant performance improvements have been confirmed with the iterative PIC receiver with DSC (PIC‐DSC) relative to the standard iterative PIC receivers in LST systems for both flat and frequency selective fading channels. This advantage is retained in layered coded CDMA systems as well. The proposed iterative PIC‐DSC detector approaches the performance of the much more complex iterative PIC‐MMSE receiver. Copyright © 2006 AEIT.
CAC and routing for multi‐service networks with blocked wide‐band calls delayed, Part II: approximative link MDP framework
Authors: Nordström Ernst , Dziong Zbigniew
Published: January 2006

In this paper, we study the call admission control (CAC) and routing issue in multi‐service networks. Two categories of calls are considered: a narrow‐band with blocked calls cleared and a wide‐band with blocked calls delayed. The optimisation is subject to several quality of service (QoS) constraints, either on the packet or call level. The objective function is formulated as reward maximisation with penalty for delay. A suboptimal solution is achieved by applying Markov decision process (MDP) theory together with a three‐level approximation. First, the network is decomposed into a set of links assumed to have independent Markov and reward processes respectively. Second, the dimensions of the link Markov and reward processes are reduced by aggregation of the call classes into call categories. Third, by applying decomposition of the link Markov process, the link MDP tasks are simplified considerably. The CAC and routing policy is computed by the policy iteration algorithm from MDP theory. The numerical results show that the proposed CAC and routing method, based on the approximate link MDP framework, is able to find an efficient trade‐off between reward loss and average call set‐up delay, outperforming conventional methods such as least loaded routing (LLR). Copyright © 2006 AEIT.
Variation of volatile compounds in two Prosopis farcta (Banks et Sol.) Eig. (Fabales, Fabaceae = Leguminosae) populations
Authors: Harzallah‐Skhiri Fethia , Jannet Hichem Ben , Hammami Saoussen , Mighri Zine
Published: January 2006

Prosopis farcta populations native to two distinct areas in Tunisia have many morphological and anatomical differences. Their pods and roots have a specific pleasant smell. Analysis of EI‐mass spectra and composition of volatile fractions of each organ of P. farcta within a locality showed the presence of 39 different volatile compounds belonging to various families. Those compounds are dispersed differently within organs and the localities of the plant populations analysed. We report differences in the volatile compound composition between populations from two localities. Among the eight saturated hydrocarbons identified in plants from the two localities, four are present only in Gabès plant populations, differently dispersed in their organs. Plants from Nabeul locality were richer in unsaturated hydrocarbons. Also, three aldehydes and two carboxylic acids were found only in plants from this locality. These results widen the range of the phyto‐constituents known in the genus, and allow us to confirm the occurrence of two varieties of P. farcta in Tunisia. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical characterization of essential oil in Rhizoma asarum from different sources using GC‐MS with resolution improved by data processing techniques
Authors: Fan Gong , Botang Wang , Footim Chau
Published: January 2006

Rhizoma asarum has been widely used both in phytotherapy and in the food industry because of its pharmacological activities and odoriferous properties. However, besides desirable pharmacological effects, asarum oil is also found to exhibit toxic effects. In this study, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) with resolution improved by data processing techniques in chemometrics was investigated as a method to chemically characterize essential oils of raw materials of Rhizoma asarum from Liaoning, Gansu and Hunan in China. With the help of chemometric approaches on two‐dimensional data from GC‐MS, the separation ability of GC was mathematically improved and many more chemical components could be separated and identified since overlapping peak clusters could be resolved into pure chromatograms and related mass spectra for each of the components involved. Qualitative and quantitative determination was conducted with the pure chromatograms and mass spectra obtained by use of similarity searches in the MS databases and the overall volume integration technique, respectively. Moreover, the information on retention times was also used for the identification. The results showed that 96, 94 and 93 chemical components were separated; 69, 67 and 66 of them were tentatively identified, which accounted for about 97.68, 97.51 and 97.63% of the total relative content of the essential oils of Rhizoma asarum from Liaoning, Gansu and Hunan, respectively. In comparison with the determined constituents in essential oils of Rhizoma asarum from three producing sources, most of them matched each other. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constituents of the essential oil of Rhizoma polygonati
Authors: Shen Xia , Gao Yun , Su Qingde
Published: January 2006

Volatile oil of Rhizoma polygonati (the rhizoma of Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redoute), was obtained by simultaneous distillation–solvent extraction (SDE). Then the essential oil was analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Forty‐two components were identified, constituting approximately 96% of the oil. The main constituents of the essential oil were palmitic acid (50.9%) and ethyl linoleate (28.3%). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐method approach to valuing health states: problems with meaning
Authors: Nord Erik , Menzel Paul , Richardson Jeff
Published: January 2006

In an earlier article in Health Economics, Salomon and Murray argue that by applying maximum likelihood techniques to predetermined functional forms and to a data set where a number of health states are valued by means of four standard valuation techniques, underlying ‘pure’ valuations of health may be teased out, together with estimates of parametric relationships between these ‘pure’ valuations and valuations based on the four standard techniques. We argue below that ‘pure’ valuations of health are ordinal rather than cardinal and that the ‘pure’ values that result from the multi‐method approach give a false impression of being cardinal. They are therefore not usable as weights for life years. In the unlikely event that the authors should be able to demonstrate cardinality in ‘pure’ valuations of health, it must be possible to have subjects express these valuations directly, in which case there seems to be no need for the indirect multi‐method approach. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrothermal growth of hydroxyapatite scaffolds from aragonitic cuttlefish bones
Authors: Rocha J.H.G. , Lemos A.F. , Agathopoulos S. , Kannan S. , Valério P. , Ferreira J.M.F.
Published: January 2006

Scaffolds of AB‐type carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) were successfully produced via hydrothermal transformation (HT) of aragonitic cuttlefish bones at 200°C. The transformation was seemingly complete after 9 h of HT and no intermediate products were registered. Beyond low production cost, worldwide availability, and natural‐biological origin of raw materials, the produced scaffolds preserved the initial structure of cuttlefish bone, featuring good biocompatibility in osteoblasts tests and ideal pore size (∼80 μm in width and ∼100 μm in height) and interconnectivity for supporting biological activities, such as bone tissue growth and vascularization. The highly channeled structure and the use of fresh cuttlefish bones favored the diffusion of the reaction solution towards the aragonite resulting in fast kinetics (after 1 h, hydroxyapatite was the dominant crystalline phase). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Induction dopamine releasing cells from mouse embryonic stem cells and their long‐term culture
Authors: Moriyasu Kenta , Yamazoe Hironori , Iwata Hiroo
Published: January 2006

Cell transplantation therapy using dopaminergic neurons derived from embryonic stem (ES) cells for the treatment of Parkinson's disease has been proposed as one of the major applications for stem cell‐based therapy. However, the low collection efficiency of neurons from a culture dish and the rejection of cells after transplantation are expected to limit their future clinical applications. To overcome these problems, we examined the induction of neurogenis of ES cells under free‐floating conditions and microencapsulation of the obtained cell aggregates into an agarose hydrogel. Cell aggregates from ES cells were cultured in various media under the free‐floating condition. Immunohistochemical staining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and RT‐PCR analyses for TH and Nurr1 showed that dopaminergic neurons were induced in ES cell aggregates cultured in a 1:2 mixture of conditioned medium of PA6 stromal cells and Glasgow minimum essential medium (GMEM) after 16 days in culture. The cell aggregates could be collected and were encased within agarose microcapsules without loss of dopaminergic neurons. The cell aggregates with/without microencapsulation were maintained in CM/GMEM for an additional period. KCl stimulation assays were done at day 23, 30, 37, 44, 51, and 58 to examine dopamine release. Dopamine release abilities were well maintained during 58 days of observation. Amounts of dopamine release from encapsulated cell aggregates were slightly higher than those of unencapsulated cell aggregates from day 16 to 58. Although efficacy for immunoisolation of the agarose microcapsules still remains for future in vivo studies, microencapsulation did not adversely affect viability and functions of the dopamine releasing ES cell progeny. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Sorption kinetics and equilibrium uptake for water vapor in soft‐contact‐lens hydrogels
Authors: Weinmüller C. , Langel C. , Fornasiero F. , Radke C.J. , Prausnitz J.M.
Published: January 2006

A gravimetric‐sorption technique was used to obtain kinetic and equilibrium adsorption/desorption data for water vapor in four different soft‐contact‐lens (SCL) polymers at 35°C. The SCL materials are a conventional hydrogel (polymacon) with a low water content at saturation (<50 wt %); two conventional hydrogels (hilafilcon A and alphafilcon A) with a high water content at saturation (>50 wt %); and a siloxane hydrogel (balafilcon A). Absorption and desorption equilibrium isotherms (water activity versus water weight fraction) overlap at high water contents, whereas significant hysteresis is observed at low water contents. The hysteresis loop is likely due to trapping of water in the polymer during the desorption process because of a rubber‐to‐glass transition of the SCL‐film surfaces. Sorption data were interpreted using Flory–Rehner theory. The positive Zimm and Lundberg cluster function suggests that water tends to cluster in these SCL materials, except at very low water content. For polymacon and hilafilcon A, Fickian diffusion is observed for all activities for both water sorption and desorption. However, for alphafilcon A and balafilcon A, non‐Fickian features appear at intermediate/low activities, in particular during water desorption, suggesting coupling of the diffusion process with polymer‐matrix relaxation. The diffusion coefficient increases significantly with water concentration for polymacon and hilafilcon A (from ∼0.3 × 10−8 to 4.0 × 10−8 cm2/s) because of augmented mixture free volume induced by water sorption, whereas a more complex composition dependence is observed for alphafilcon A and balafilcon A probably as consequence of a combined effect of polymer relaxation, plasticization, and water clustering. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006