bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
If Wikipedia is the Gateway to Biodiversity Knowledge, How do we Open the Gate?
Authors: Kearney Nicole
Published: June 2019

Wikipedia may have become the world’s principal source of information, but it is not a reliable source. Wikipedia itself is quite explicit on this point. The Wikipedia article entitled Wikipedia is not a reliable source clearly states that, because Wikipedia can be edited by anyone, at any time, “any information it contains at any particular time could be vandalism, a work in progress, or just plain wrong” (Wikipedia 2019a).

Despite this, Wikipedia continues to gain status as a trusted authority on, well, everything. It does not, however, have authority on its own; it has authority because it links to authoritative sources. Wikipedia’s

Verifiability

policy (Wikipedia 2019b) states that:

all material in its articles should be “attributable to reliable and published sources”; and

all quotations and any material likely to be challenged “must be supported by inline citations”.

all material in its articles should be “attributable to reliable and published sources”; and

all quotations and any material likely to be challenged “must be supported by inline citations”.

This does not mean that Wikipedia is always right; rather (according to the Wikipedia article Wikipedia is wrong) that “the threshold for inclusion in Wikipedia is verifiability, not truth” (Wikipedia 2019c).

What this does mean is that Wikipedia is riddled with citations to the primary literature. Thus, articles about the world’s species reference taxonomic descriptions (and subsequent revisions), as well as scientific papers about physiology, evolution, behaviour, ecology, conservation, etc. In order “to facilitate the verification of sourced statements”, Wikipedia’s Scientific Citation Guidelines encourage editors to, wherever possible, include links to scientific articles in the form of DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers) (Wikipedia 2019d).

A DOI is a unique, permanent and persistent identifier that is assigned to a fixed piece of online content (usually) at the time of its publication. The DOI system creates a reciprocal linked network of scholarly publications that allows researchers to click from article to article in a never-ending trail of knowledge (whether those articles are in scientific journals or on Wikipedia). This linked network functions seamlessly for modern scientific publications, because DOIs have been almost universally adopted by scientific publishers. But issues arise when it comes to linking to historic publications.

Historic literature is the foundation upon which our understanding of biodiversity is based. If Wikipedia is the world’s gateway to that literature, Wikipedia editors must be able to find it and link to it. This presentation will discuss the complexities involved in linking from Wikipedia to the legacy scientific literature, particularly the availability of that literature online, the difference between easy and open access, and what the bioinformatics community can do to help.
Are Software Standards possible for Biodiversity, and What Would They Mean to the Fractured Landscape of Biodiversity Virtual Research Environments?
Authors: Yoder Matthew
Published: June 2019

On a global scale, a rich biodiversity informatics infrastructure exists at many different levels, from standards, to software libraries, to national and global data-warehouses. All this infrastructure, however, only truly serves science if someone is using it. A perfectly written standard is a waste of time and energy if it is never applied, and a multi-million dollar software package is a perhaps a poor investment if it only interfaces with a handful of minds. The development of virtual research environments (VRE) are particularly challenging and prone to pitfalls, as at their heart, they are integrative across diverse data-types, and as such require large investments of time and effort to build and maintain.

When the community "solves" one aspect of a VRE, this solution is codified as a standard. To date, within the biodiversity informatics community, these standards almost exclusively address data format and, and to a lesser extent meaning. This makes sense, as a common language is a necessary foundation. However, decades into standards development, we have struggled to get VREs into the hands of researchers. I argue that (among other things) this suggests that the biodiversity informatics community might benefit from a shift of emphasis, from research on data standards to research on software-design standards.

I explore these issues from the perspective of a particular class of VRE, digital workbenches for taxonomists. I pick examples from existing and now legacy VREs to highlight the hard work that needs to be done to overcome their pitfalls. I demonstrate that the most impactful work on VREs has come from the ground up, as communities of researchers form around a nucleus of a biologist's software. This may have profound consequences for the opposite type of initiatives, i.e. those that plan from the top down, such as the Distributed System for Scientific Collections, DiSSCo.

Finally, we highlight what one initiative, TaxonWorks, is doing in this field. As an ambitious project, with long-term funding, it has much to gain, and perhaps ultimately offer, if the questions on this topic are answered to the benefit of all.
ecoEd: Cohesive training and skill development for digital ecoscience tools
Authors: Huijbers Chantal
Published: June 2019

Digital research infrastructures such as data portals and virtual laboratories enable easier access to data and analytical tools. Such infrastructures are essential to deliver research excellence that drives innovation, but we also need to ensure that we have a skilled workforce that can use these infrastructures. Therefore, training and skill development of students, researchers, government practitioners and industry professionals is key to the long-term success of this investment. In Australia, a suite of digital infrastructures has been developed for environmental sciences to enhance our understanding of the natural world and making forward projections into novel conditions (e.g. Atlas of Living Australia, Biodiversity and Climate Change Virtual Laboratory, ecocloud, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network). To provide users with a holistic approach to environmental spatial data discovery and analysis, these infrastructures have joined forces to deliver an exciting and innovative new training program. This program, called ecoEd, provides cohesive training and skill development to university lecturers, researchers and industry professionals enabling them to combine theoretical concepts with real-world applications.

In this presentation, I will present how ecoEd was developed and the outcomes of the training sessions in which a group of ecoEd Champions absorbed ready-to-use lecture and workshop modules along with tools and knowledge on how to use the platforms. These resources can immediately be used in undergraduate courses that focus on topics such as ecology, biogeography, conservation biology, environmental management and spatial analysis as well as in stand alone workshops for researchers and practitioners. The training program aims to provide the Champions with the resources and knowledge required so that they can confidently re-deliver the lectures and workshops in their own institutions. As such, ecoEd is increasing the capacity of Australia’s environmental science community to advance science and deliver outcomes that underpin the sustainable use of our ecosystems using the latest advances in digital technologies. Moreover, it is enabling first-rate science education in Australia by supporting and nurturing our future scientists.
A Machine Learning Tool to Transform Raw Movement Data into Cleaned, Annotated, and Usable Information
Authors: Jambon Aurélie , Albertini Jean-Vitus , Berton Fréderic , Corny Julien , Kappeler Patrick , Voundy El-Makki , Rovellotti Olivier
Published: June 2019

The term bio-logging is given to ‘the use of miniaturized animal-attached tags for logging and/or relaying data about an animal’s movements, behaviour, physiology, and/or environment’ (Rutz and Hays 2009). It has been spreading over the scientific world through the last ten years and will become even more popular in the next decade thanks to engineering progresses. Indeed, tags tend to miniaturize, and geolocalization technology, as well as network coverage, is getting improved and cheaper. Today, electronic tags are widely used to study species’ movements and migration, resulting in an enormous amount of data (
Li et al. 2015
, Thums et al. 2018). Currently, platforms like Movebank enable data storage, visualization and management. However, no easy-to-use tool is currently available for conducting a various array of pre-treatment procedures on those data, such as outliers identification, elevation or time management. In that context, we are developing an open source platform based on algorithms and machine learning to automatically return cleaned and annotated data.
Marine Species Traits in the LifeWatch Taxonomic Backbone
Authors: Dekeyzer Stefanie , Decock Wim , Verfaille Kevin , Vanhoorne Bart , Lanssens Thomas , Vandepitte Leen
Published: June 2019

Describing species patterns and their underlying processes are essential to assessing the status and future evolution of marine ecosystems. This effort requires biological information on functional and structural species traits, such as feeding ecology, body size, reproduction, and life history.

Basic trait information was already available within the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), for a limited number of taxa:

Biological and ecological traits (e.g., body size, feeding type)

Taxonomic traits (e.g., paraphyletic groups)

Human-defined traits (e.g., Red List species)

Biological and ecological traits (e.g., body size, feeding type)

Taxonomic traits (e.g., paraphyletic groups)

Human-defined traits (e.g., Red List species)

Within the EMODnet Biology project and the LifeWatch Taxonomic Backbone, this initiative was taken one step further, and ten traits were prioritized to document: taxonomy, environment, geography, depth, body size, substratum, mobility, skeleton, diet, and reproduction.

Criteria for selecting these traits were: applicability to most taxa, easy availability, and the fact that their inclusion would result in new research and/or management applications.

Taxonomy- and environment-related information are available within WoRMS, whereas geography data are available through the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS).

During 2018, the skeleton information was added to WoRMS. Currently, almost 4,000 accepted marine species have information regarding their supporting structure, enclosures, and composition.

Body size information wascollected for distinct (taxonomic) groups, which resulted in more than 6,000 accepted marine species having quantitative body size information included in WoRMS. An ongoing traits data mining exercise is combining body size with benthos-plankton information, extracted both from WoRMS and the European Ocean Biogeographic Information System (EurOBIS), to assign functional groups such as macrobenthos, microplankton, etc. to the taxa in WoRMS.

All trait information collected in WoRMS is made available through a dedicated thematic traits portal.
From Leaf to Label: A robust automated workflow for stomata detection
Authors: Meeus Sofie , Wyffels Francis , Van den Bulcke Jan
Published: June 2019

Leaf stomata are microscopic pores on the leaves of plants which control the balance between water loss and CO2 uptake by the plant. As plants adapt their stomatal traits in response to environmental parameters such as water availability, temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, stomatal size and density of preserved leaves have allowed for reconstruction of past climates. Stomata serve as ‘gates’ between deep-soil water reservoirs and the atmosphere and are a key determinant of transpiration in models for operational predictions of the near-climate. It is well known that stomatal size and density vary widely across plant species and even though efforts have mapped stomatal behavior globally, more detail is needed as including more interspecific trait variation in climate models could significantly reduce the error in model predictions. Despite their important function, no standardized methodology has yet been described to measure stomatal traits which is widely considered to be labour-intensive and time-consuming and to this day mostly performed manually.

Herbaria contain a treasure of unique ecological data covering large temporal scales. We used the African Herbarium of Meise Botanic Garden which contains over 1.2 million African specimens with a very good coverage of the Congo Basin (dating back to 1880) to develop a workflow for extracting stomatal trait data starting from the herbarium specimen, involving the automatic detection of stomata using a deep learning approach. The purpose of developing this workflow is to generate a large amount of data on stomatal traits on an easy, cost- and time- efficient manner. Here, we will present the leaf-to-label workflow and demonstrate how it was used to study the effect of global change on leaf adaptation in central African rainforest over the past 100 years.
The genus Syrrhoe (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Synopiidae) from the North Atlantic
Authors: Fuchs Luisa , Coleman Charles Oliver , Lörz Anne-Nina
Published: June 2019

Three species of the amphipod genusSyrrhoeare described from the North Atlantic. The differences between these species are primarily the patterns of serration of the posterior margins of pleonite 3 and urosomite 1 and 2:Syrrhoeaffinishas a wide convex space on the posterior margin between the epimeron 3 and the dorsal serration. InSyrrhoecrenulataandSyrrhoeanneheleneaesp. nov.there is only a small notch on the posterior margin of pleonite 3.Syrrhoeanneheleneaesp. nov., otherwise similar toS.crenulata, has an additional serration on the posterior margin of urosomite 1. The inter- and intraspecific distances analyzed from COI confirm the morphological species concept of North AtlanticSyrrhoe.
Undergraduate Nursing Students' Attitudes, Knowledge, and Skills Related to Children's Environmental Health
Authors: Álvarez-García Cristina , Álvarez-Nieto Carmen , Sanz-Martos Sebastián , Puente-Fernández Daniel , López-Leiva Inmaculada , Gutiérrez-Puertas Lorena , Cantón-Habas Vanesa , Porcel-Gálvez Ana María , Lavedán-Santamaría Ana , Sarabia-Lavín Raquel , López-Medina Isabel M.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Nurses are in a privileged position to detect environmental risks among children. The objective was to determine attitudes, knowledge, and skills related to children's environmental health in undergraduate nursing students.

Method:

A cross-sectional study was designed in eight universities (
n
= 2,462) from September 2017 to June 2018. Descriptive values and multivariate analysis of variance were calculated using three questionnaires.

Results:

Of the total 2,462 students in the sample, 2,155 had a good attitude regarding addressing children's environmental health problems, 501 had good knowledge, and 1,162 had good skills. Students who had attended a session on sustainability more than 3 months prior had a better attitude (9.93%), knowledge (11.16%), and skills (3.82%). Second course students and men had better environmental competency (
p
< .001).

Conclusion:

Undergraduate nursing students have good attitudes; however, they lack knowledge and skills. There is a need to include children's environmental health in nursing curricula.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(7):401–408.]
Metrics and Models for Evaluating the Quality of ERP Software
Authors: Mohammed Majdi Abdellatief , Talib Amir Mohamed , Al-Baltah Ibrahim Ahmed
Published: June 2019

ERP system provides a central system that integrates most of the core business processes such as human resources, finance, production, and so on. Due to the integration of such complicated functionalities and rapidly evolving customers expectation, ERP systems evaluation has an important impact on organization business success. The aim of this chapter is to understand the evaluation approaches of the ERP systems, and then to map the identified primary studies into a classification scheme to answer the research questions. A systematic mapping study was employed. A total of 36 studies published between the years 2002 and 2018 were collected, analyzed, classified, and discussed. A list of relevant ERP quality attributes that have been measured is identified. Reliability of the metrics methodology and the validity of indicator generated by the metric are two major issues in the current research. It is worth noting that while both the academic and professional literature has shown a great interact in ERP, there does not exist an evaluation approach that is widely accepted.
Quality and Effectiveness of ERP Software
Authors: Mutua Stephen Makau , Angulu Raphael
Published: June 2019

Over time, the adoption of ERP systems has been wide across many small, medium, and large organizations. An ERP system is supposed to inform the strategic decision making of the organization; therefore, the information drawn from the ERP system is as important as the data stored in it. Poor data quality affects the quality information in it. Data mining is used to discover trends and patterns of an organization. This chapter looks into the way of integrating these data mining into an ERP system. This is conceptualized in three crucial views namely the outer, inner, and the knowledge discovery view. The outer view comprises of the collection of various entry points, the inner view contains the data repository, and the knowledge discovery view offers the data mining component. Since the focus is data mining, the two strategies of supervised and unsupervised are discussed. The chapter then concludes by presenting the probable problems within which each of these two strategies (classification and clustering) can be put into place within the mining process of an ERP system.
Interoperability of ERP Software
Authors: Micheni Elyjoy Muthoni , Muketha Geoffrey Muchiri , Onyango Evance Ogolla
Published: June 2019

Even though most organizations are using enterprise resource planning applications, very few people understand the underlying interoperability nature within them. Interoperability is the ability of systems to provide services to and accept services from other systems, and to use the services exchanged so as to operate together in a more effective manner. The fact that interoperability can be improved means that the metrics for measuring interoperability can be defined. For the purpose of measuring the interoperability between systems, an interoperability assessment model is required. A comparative analysis among these models is provided to evaluate the similarities and differences in their philosophy and implementation. The analysis yields a set of recommendations for any party that is open to the idea of creating or improving an interoperability assessment model.
Evaluating the Learnability of ERP Software in Universities
Authors: Nelson Masese Bogomba
Published: June 2019

The technological innovation depends on learnability of the software used in terms of user interface design, program complexity of products that match the end user requirements, program complexity deals with commands used in the given ERP software, and training needs so that the ERP user can learn all required features and commands. Learnability signifies how quickly and comfortably a new user can begin efficient and error-free interaction. The main purpose of this chapter is to evaluate software learnability and performance of ERP software. Primary data was collected using survey through the use of questionnaires. Purposive sampling was used to collect data. The collected data focused on the software complexity, user interfaces analysis, ERP performance, challenges, efficiency, and training needs of ERP. Data analysis was done by inferential and descriptive statistics. The results indicated that there exists a positive and statistically significant relationship between the variables used.
Research Data Access and Management in National Libraries
Authors: Wulff Enrique
Published: June 2019

National libraries have developed research data responsibilities for reasons of data ownership and cost-efficiency. Due to their multi-faceted and synergistic relationship with research data actors (publishers and researchers), their leadership in publication standards makes them a unique participant as advisors on research data archiving and citation, as much as for their discovery and licensing expertise. National libraries engage with the data community to raise awareness of the relevance of data management and so promote themselves as an essential place for data repositories and the researcher community. This chapter introduces a framework of five national libraries: the British Library, the Library of Congress, the National Library of Medicine, the German National Library of Science and Technology, and the German National Library of Medicine.
An Examination of How Legal Status Affects Enrollment and Graduation Rates
Authors: Nyemba Florence
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores the educational choices of immigrants and how the issue of legal or immigration status contributes to social inequality in the United States classrooms and institutions of higher learning. Immigrants within U.S. population have increased dramatically, yet their educational attainment remains small in comparison to native-born Americans. Although large numbers of immigrant students graduate from high school, their path to higher education remains difficulty with fewer getting college degrees. Drawing on literature from multiple disciplines, the issue of immigration status in relation to immigrant education is examined. The chapter recommends the adoption of immigration reform legislations that create better pathways to citizenship for undocumented immigrants and progressive educational provisions. This chapter benefits immigrants and educational leaders in institutions of higher learning.
The Role of Language Ideologies in the Self-Efficacy of Pre-Service Bilingual Education Teachers
Authors: Szwed Amanda R. , González-Carriedo Ricardo
Published: June 2019

This chapter examines how language inequities within education are associated with perceptions of Spanish language self-efficacy in pre-service bilingual education teachers. The chapter delves into how language ideologies play a role in shaping disparities amongst bilingual education programs. The teacher shortages which exist within the field of bilingual education have assisted in the increased demands placed on bilingual pre- and in-service teachers. The programs created to instruct bilingual teachers have had to modify their design in order to meet the needs of future teachers. The needs are determined by the perceptions of each bilingual. Additionally, each bilingual chooses what skills are needed in order to use Spanish as a medium of instruction and, in some cases, to teach Spanish as a foreign language. Using a grounded theory, this study analyzed the cycle of language ideologies, self-efficacy, and language inequities. The results show that language ideologies have impacted the bilinguals' self-efficacy. Finally, it was determined that language inequality has played a key role in shaping language ideologies.
An Overview of International Students and Discrimination in Higher Education
Authors: Demirhan Kamil
Published: June 2019

This chapter focuses on the international students' exposure to unequal treatment in higher education institutions. The study aims at explaining how international students are perceived by hosting institutions and societies. The first part gives information about the international students. It explains the approaches of higher education institutions to international students in terms of their contribution to the internationalization of institutions, international students' contribution as a financial sector and as a market, and international students' contribution to increase diversity and interaction. The second part includes the experiences of international students as the subjects of discrimination. The experiences may help to identify the suspects of unequal treatment and to understand which characteristics that students have targeted by hosting society. The third part identifies the reasons of unequal treatment and negative perception about international students. This study tries to schematize types, reasons, and results of unequal treatment towards international students.
Promoting Access and Success for Disadvantaged Students in Indonesian Basic Education
Authors: Mukminin Amirul , Habibi Akhmad
Published: June 2019

Although Indonesia has made improvements in the basic education and secondary education, one of the biggest problems is regarding the provision of equitable access and success for disadvantaged children aged between 7-15 years old in obtaining basic education with an acceptable quality in rural, urban, and remote areas. The purpose of this paper is to explore the causes related to disadvantaged children's limited access and success and the social justice educational programs to promote their access and success in the Indonesian basic education. Data gathered from research articles and policy reports are the sources of the chapter. This chapter focuses on the contexts of access and success for disadvantaged children, the constraints on access and success in the Indonesian basic education for disadvantaged children, and how various policies and programs or groups (e.g., programs and policies at national government, local government, school district, and school levels) should address the problems to promote access and success for disadvantaged children in the basic education.
Cyberbullying
Authors: Wright Michelle F.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to examine cyberbullying through social media among youth. Drawing on research from a variety of disciplines, such as psychology, education, social work, sociology, and computer science, this chapter is organized into seven sections. These sections include 1) background; (2) youths' characteristics and risk factors; (3) negative psychosocial and academic outcomes; (4) theoretical framework; (5) solutions and recommendations; (6) future research directions; and (7) conclusion. The chapter will draw on multidisciplinary qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-design research methodologies from psychology, sociology, social work, and criminology.
The Effects of Virtual Likes on Self-Esteem
Authors: Desjarlais Malinda
Published: June 2019

Social networking sites offer opportunities for users to express themselves and receive immediate feedback in the form of virtual likes. Adolescents place a great deal of value on the number of likes, regarding them as indicators of peer acceptance and support. Since peer feedback and social comparison are integral to adolescents' self-evaluations, the aim of the current chapter is to determine whether self-esteem is sensitive to the number of likes associated with their own (peer feedback) and others' posts (social comparison). The synthesis of literature indicates that self-esteem is responsive to indicators of one's value to others as well as the value of others, supporting the sociometer and social comparison theories. Indications of liking online serve to enhance self-esteem, whereas rejection deflates it. In addition, seeing others get many likes negatively impacts viewers' self-esteem. The gaps in the literature are discussed and future research is suggested.
“New Normal” Strategic Communication
Authors: Kostić Slavica Cicvarić , Šarenac Jelena Gavrilović
Published: June 2019

The digital industrial revolution, also called Industry 4.0, is substantially changing all areas of business. The application of modern technologies is transforming not only products and processes in the industry, but also business models in all sectors, which further implies required adaptations of all business functions. This chapter addresses the new dynamics and implications for strategic communication brought on by digitalization. A planning process of strategic communication will be elaborated within a digital context, together with the specifics of communicating with younger generations. Communication activities mostly relevant for companies in the new industry will also be presented. The issue of ethics in strategic communication will be also addressed, together with major initiatives in regulating the standards of the profession. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the changes that new technologies have brought to the discipline.
Can Internal Social Media and Data Mining Be a Powerful Communication Vehicle in Reaching Employees in Change Management in Industry 4.0?
Authors: Goksoy Asli
Published: June 2019

With the rapid changes in the information and communication technologies through Industry 4.0, managers and change agents are now able to unlock wholly new streams in communicating change to their stakeholders. Social media can be an important “vehicle” to facilitate better and faster change management, whereas data mining can provide some crucial insight about employee perception about change. The purpose of this chapter is to capture the reader's attention towards the relationship between change management and Industry 4.0 tools specifically: social media and data mining. For that purpose, three in-depth interviews with senior managers of a Turkish telecommunication and technology services provider were conducted. The results support the research questions partially but point out new variables (national culture and generation gap) to consider in the relationship between employee behaviors and social media usage as an internal communication tool. Lastly, this chapter aims to provide suggestions for further studies.
Culturally Relevant and Meeting Academic Standards at the Same Time
Authors: Whitaker II Ronald W. , Campbell Angela N. , Gates Zakia Y. , Ellison-Metcalfe Lateefah
Published: June 2019

Over the last two decades, American students have been scoring higher on national math assessments. With that said, still problematic is the belief that African American students cannot excel in math do to various issues, including language deficits. Thus, in this chapter, through an on-going study, the authors argue for the utilization of culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP) and its significance in teaching math to African American students.
A Worthy Burden
Authors: Dewsbury Bryan
Published: June 2019

The author's path toward the STEM professoriate has been dotted by contingencies tied to his intersecting social identities. In this chapter, he shares the journey and the lessons in the hope that it provides the reader a nuanced picture of how STEM pathways may unfold for those from historically underrepresented backgrounds.
Jessica's Journey
Authors: Brand Susan Trostle , Brand Jessica Danielle
Published: June 2019

This personal story chapter describes the journey undertaken by a transgender youth as she discovers her true gender identity. Told by a mother and daughter team, each individual shares her feelings and experiences from the time J is a toddler until the present, including preschool experiences, travel abroad anecdotes, school and social encounters, and family reactions and adjustments to J's transition and ongoing transformation. The chapter addresses the social, emotional, physical, academic, and economic factors that many transgender youth and adults face on a daily basis and suggests ways that schools and society can ease this complex process for individuals who are LGBTQ+.
Opening the Doors for All LGBTQ+ Students
Authors: McHaelen Robin , Fleurette (Flo) King  , Goldsmith Diane J. , Pomerantz Hayley
Published: June 2019

Given the long history of LGBTQ+ rights and the current evolving climate surrounding social justice for LGBTQ+ individuals, this chapter explores the idea of creating safe, affirming, educational environments for LGBTQ youth in K-12 and post-high-school educational settings. The authors delineate the unique concerns for the elementary, middle, high, and higher education levels separately. At each level, the authors identify the core obstacles that LGBTQ+ individuals face surrounding acceptance, developing autonomy, and gaining support. The authors delve deeply into the programs and interventions that are currently making a difference in school systems around the country and provide educators with specific ways in which they can create inclusive environments for their students. The important caveats to obtaining robust LGBTQ+ research are also discussed.
Mentoring, Sponsorship, and Gender
Authors: Burke Karen P. , Ciccomascolo Lori E.
Published: June 2019

The lack of women in leadership roles is a systemic problem in the United States and is not unique to the field of education; however, it is important to continue to challenge the status quo and provide a path for women to achieve equality and equity in the workplace. The following chapter will identify and discuss the importance of mentoring and sponsorship so that women pursuing education careers, novice women teachers, and women college, and university faculty and staff can actively and better position themselves to move into leadership positions and/or ensure a “seat at the table” in situations where decisions are made that affect their personal and professional lives.
Green but How Green?
Authors: Polat Volkan , Morkan Baris
Published: June 2019

Consumers have gradually started to show more and more interest in green products and switched their purchasing behavior to buy green products. Changes in consumers' demands have created a growing market for green products, as customers become more concerned on the environment, health, and wealth in order to protect the earth's resources and the environment. On the other hand, manufacturers have become more active and sensitive about the issue of contributing their brand image to satisfy the demand and be compatible with compelling legal regulations. Green products refer to the products that have less or no impact on the environment, help to preserve the natural environment, and can be recycled or conserved. In this chapter, the authors aim to draw a framework for green product evaluation programs and explain how they could be used in terms of marketing.
Effect of Consumer Green Behavior Perspective on Green Unwavering Across Various Retail Configurations
Authors: Das Subhankar , Nayyar Anand
Published: June 2019

Client unwavering empowers organizations to outflank contenders and better fulfill clients' needs and wants. Individuals today are progressively inspired by purchasing green or economical items, seeking after dependable utilization, getting engaged with natural insurance exercises, and safeguarding assets. In view of this commence, this chapter researches conduct forerunners adding to the improvement of green unwaveringness in the Indian retail showcase, through a similar investigation of these measurements in four retail designs: nourishment, do-it-yourself without anyone's help (DIY), electronic and family unit apparatuses, and form and footwear. The outcomes demonstrate that in this developing business sector social precursors contrast over the examined retail arranges in building green faithfulness, which speaks to a test for retailers in their endeavor to draw, fulfill, and tie shoppers to their retail configurations and stores.
A Secure Cluster Head Selection Mechanism Based on Node's Features and Behavior in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Agrawal Deepika , Pandey Sudhakar , Anand Veena
Published: June 2019

Security is the utmost importance for the safe operation of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Behind IoT, a sensor network operates. Hence, security and lifetime extensions of the sensor networks are the primary concern. Node clustering is a technique to lengthen the lifetime of sensor networks. In a clustering technique, Cluster Heads (CH) are chosen. To provide the security to the sensor network, reliable CHs are elected. In this article, a protocol is proposed which elects reliable CHs based on node features such as residual energy, distance to the sink and node behavior such as the number of packets transmitted and received successfully, data consistency factor. The simulation results obtained prove that the proposed protocol performs better.
In memory of Professor Giovanni Pizzuti
Authors: Rabino Massa Emma
Published: June 2019

Not available.
The contribution of hyperinsulinemia to the hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Pateguana Nadia B. , Janes Alvin
Published: June 2019

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine disorder of young women.Aim: The proper treatment of PCOS requires a thorough understanding of the underlying cause of disease. In this article, we review the extent to which hyperinsulinemia contributes to the development of PCOS.Setting: The goal of this review was to assess the current literature on the contribution of hyperinsulinemia to the hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovary syndrome in hopes of promoting future research and advancements in clinical treatments for women with PCOS focusing on this major contributing factor, hyperinsulinemia.Method: A review of published peer-reviewed literature was conducted by searching the keywords.Results: Excessive insulin causes both the overproduction of testosterone and decreased sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels seen in PCOS, both of which collaborate in creating an increased testosterone effect.Conclusion: The majority of research and evidence shows that the hyperandrogenism of PCOS is likely caused by hyperinsulinemia. Yet the conventional treatment of hyperandrogenic symptoms in women with PCOS is not directed towards correcting this underlying hyperinsulinemia. Further research is needed to assess how the treatment of the hyperinsulinemia through lifestyle would compare to the current treatment of hyperandrogenemia through testosterone-lowering drugs.
The relationship between functional capacity, muscle size and strength in chronic ACL deficient and ACL reconstructed individuals
Authors: St Clair Gibson A. , Lambert M. I. , Myburgh K. H. , Walters J. , Vaughan C. L. , O'Malley M. J. , Noakes T. D.
Published: June 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the quadriceps muscle atrophy and strength deficits caused by chronic ACL deficiency, and to ascertain whether these deficits were rectified in subjects who had undergone ACL reconstruction.Methods: Thirteen ACL deficient subjects (ACLD) and eight subjects who had undergone ACL reconstruction (ACLR) participated in the study. Functional capacity, lean thigh volume (LTV), and isokinetic peak torque of the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles were assessed.Results: The ACLD group had a significantly lower score for episodes of giving way compared to the ACLR group (7.4 +/- 3.8 vs. 18.0 +/- 3.7; p < 0.01) and a lower score for inability to perform jumping/twisting activities (1.8 +/- 0.8 vs. 3.6 +/- 1.1; p <0.01; ACLD vs. ACLR) suggesting decreased functional capacity. However, there was no significant difference between the ACLD group and ACLR group for LTV differences (416.0 +/- 276.5 vs. 238.3 +/- 224.4 cc) and quadriceps eccentric peak torque differences (38.1 +/- 13.7 vs. 23.7 +/- 18.3 Nm) between involved and uninvolved limbs. The relationship between LTV and quadriceps isokinetic peak torque was r = 0.59 (p < 0.05) for the ACLD group and r = 0.50 (NS) for the ACLR group.Conclusion: Quadriceps strength deficits are present in ACL deficient subjects, particularly during eccentric contractions. ACL reconstruction improved subjective function and reduced the episodes of giving way, but did not prevent eccentric quadriceps muscle weakness. A low correlation exists between reported function and LTV and eccentric peak torque activity, and between LTV and eccentric peak torque in both ACLD and ACLR groups. These findings suggest that factors other than muscle atrophy are responsible for the functional changes described, in ACL deficient and. ACL reconstructed groups.
Identifying additional selection criteria for physiotherapy students in Zambia
Authors: Nkandu E. M.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate additional factors that should be included in the selection process of physiotherapy students in Zambia. A qualitative research design was chosen. Focused group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection purposes. The results of the study showed that besides pre-selection achievement, a number of non-academic variables should be included in the selection process of students because of their potential to influence academic performance.
Clinical anatomy of the lumbar spine and sacrum
Authors: Wallner-Schlotfeldt Trish
Published: June 2019

No abstract available
Evaluation of endoglucanase and β-glucosidase production by bacteria and yeasts isolated from an eucalyptus plantation in the cerrado of Minas Gerais
Authors: Menezes Farley Souza Ribeiro , Cruz Gizelly Gomes da , Lopes Matheus De Oliveira , Nelson David Lee , Martins Tamira Quintiliana Gomes , Laia Marcelo Luiz de
Published: June 2019

The current global environmental and economic scenario is intrinsically related to the increase in fossil fuel consumption caused by technological development and world population growth. Thus, it is necessary to search for renewable sources of biofuel in an attempt to mitigate the effects of fossil fuels on the environment and the lack of these non-renewable fuels. The use of lignocellulosic biomass, an abundant and renewable resource in Brazilian regions, has contributed successfully to new research and technologies for second-generation ethanol production. The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars requires the use of cellulolytic enzymes produced by microorganisms found in the microbiota. This work evaluated the production of endoglucanase and β-glucosidase in a liquid medium containing carboxymethylcellulose by five microorganisms (bacteria and yeasts) from the bank of 348 isolates from eucalyptus soils in the Cerrado Mineiro. Microorganisms with the following enzymatic activity indexes were selected: IM1-74 (22), IM25-9 (5.33), IM32-90 (7.33), IM1-5 (10.33) and IM32-91 (5.44). The microorganisms with the highest enzymatic activity in the liquid medium were IM32-90 (endoglucanase = 0.214 U mL-1) and IM32-91 (β-glucosidase = 0.067 U mL-1).
Genesis of sandstone-derived soils in the Cerrado of the Piauí State, Brazil
Authors: Souza Diego Ferreira de , Barbosa Ronny Sobreira , Silva Yuri Jacques Agra Bezerra da , Moura Márcio Cleto Soares de , Oliveira Romário Porto de , Martins Vanessa
Published: June 2019

This study characterized the morphological, physical and chemical attributes of sandstone-derived soils at the Cerrado of the Piauí State, Brazil, in order to identify evolutionary standards. The study was carried out with five representative soil profiles identified as P1-RY (Typical Flavic Psychotic Neosol - Aquents), P2-PA (Typical Dystrophic Yellow Argisol - Alfisol), P3-RL (Fragmentary Litholic Distrophic Neosol - Psammenit), P4-RQ (Typical Ortic Quartzenetic Neosol - Orthents) and P5-PV (Typical Dystrophic Red Argisol - Ultisol). Soil samples were submitted laboratory analysis described morphologically. In general, the soils presented high sand content, low pH, low content of exchangeable bases and low cation exchange capacity (CEC). Organic matter governed the CEC in most cases, suggesting dependence of organic matter in the supply of charges. These soils showed a low degree of weathering, but with iron of high crystallinity. Thus, the relief and the parent material are the major important soil-forming factors at the Cerrado of the Piauí State. Moreover, these soils are young, with the soils from the Piauí Formation being more evolved. However, the sandstones from the Canindé Group apparently are providing lithological secondary minerals for the soil.
Florística e fitossociologia de um fragmento de Cerrado lato sensu, Gurupi, TO
Authors: Machado Igor Eloi Silva , Tavares Maíra Elisa Ferreira , Medeiros Paulo César Alves de Oliveira , Giongo Marcos , Souza Priscila Bezerra de , Batista Antonio Carlos
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição florística e fitossociológica de um fragmento de Cerrado lato sensu. Foi realizado um censo na área de estudo, de 6,7 ha, com limite de inclusão de 15 cm de circunferência a 1,30 m acima do solo. Amostrou-se um total de 15.434 indivíduos, pertencentes a 78 espécies, 72 gêneros e 33 famílias. Foi realizada análise de densidade, dominância e valor de cobertura, encontrando-se densidade total de 2.303,58 ind ha-1 e área basal de 94,303 m² ha-1. As espécies com maiores valores de cobertura, em ordem decrescente, foram: Myrcia splendens, Astronium fraxinifolium, Magonia pubescens, Qualea parviflora, Protium heptaphyllum, Curatella americana, Vatairea macrocarpa, Tachigali aurea, Byrsonima stipulacea e Machaerium brasiliense, que representaram 53% do total dos indivíduos da área. As espécies do gênero Qualea apresentaram dominância, representando 11% do total de indivíduos. O padrão de distribuição dos indivíduos foi no formato de “J” invertido, mas Astronium fraxinifolium, Magonia pubescens e Tachigali aurea apresentaram menor número de indivíduo nas classes iniciais. O índice de diversidade de Shannon e equabilidade de Pielou indicaram a existência de alta riqueza e diversidade de espécies, quando se comparou a área estudada com fragmentos de Cerrado nas proximidades.
Opgroeien in de complexe werkelijkheid
Authors: Luijk Maartje , Ringoot Ank , Kok Rianne , Lucassen Nicole , Prinzie Peter , Tieman Wendy , van der Horst Frank
Published: June 2019

Growing up in complex reality: the unique contribution of pedagogical science in the Netherlands

The inception of the discipline of pedagogical science in the Netherlands was exactly one hundred years ago in 2018. After a brief description of the history of pedagogy, several domains of the current field of pedagogy, in particular child and family studies and clinical child and family studies are highlighted. Next, the interrelations between pedagogy, psychology and psychiatry using the bio-psycho-social model and the socio-ecological model are described. Pedagogical science is an empirically-normative, performance-centered, and integrative science that unites the broad spectrum of behavioural sciences. With this unique combination, pedagogical science helps to answer scientific, clinical, and societal questions to help children reach their full potential.