bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkembangan Tingkat Pengembalian Investasi Pendidikan Antar-Provinsi: Indonesia Family Life Survey 1993–2014
Authors:   Universitas Sangga Buana, Hendajany Nenny , Widodo Tri ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sulistyaningrum Eny ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini melihat perkembangan dari tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan (return to education) dengan data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). Penelitian ini menggunakan Model Mincer untuk menentukan tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan. Tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan menurun dari tahun 1993 sampai 2014. Penurunan tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan untuk pria lebih besar dari pada wanita. Hasil tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan bervariasi antar-provinsi dan jenis kelamin, namun pada umumnya nilai return pada wanita lebih besar daripada pria. Pengaruh dari pengalaman kerja potensial tidak berbeda dari tahun 1993 sampai 1997, tetapi mulai meningkat di tahun 2000 dan 2014.
Pengentasan Orang Miskin di Indonesia: Peran Modal Sosial yang Terlupakan
Authors:   Magister Perencanaan dan Kebijakan Publik, FEB UI & Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia, Yamin Sofyan , Dartanto Teguh ,   Grup Kajian Kemiskinan dan Perlindungan Sosial (Lembaga Penyelidikan Ekonomi dan Masyarakat, FEB UI)
Published: April 2023

Nuansa kebijakan pengentasan orang miskin selama ini terkesan menitikberatkan pada pendekatan ekonomi dengan peran Negara yang sangat dominan. Meskipun tingkat kemiskinan menurun tapi tidak terlalu signifikan. Revitalisasi pengentasan orang miskin dengan mendorong faktor non-ekonomi seperti modal sosial menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa peran modal sosial terkait dengan bonding dan bridging dalam mendorong pengentasan orang miskin dan melindungi kerentanan kelompok miskin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modal sosial bonding dan bridging terbukti secara empiris mempunyai peran penting dalam mengurangi kedalaman kemiskinan dan juga mampu mendorong orang miskin keluar dari kemiskinan.
Pengujian Trilemma Conditions pada Perekonomian Indonesia
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Yunita Mela , Achsani Noer Azham ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Anggraeni Lukytawati ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Published: April 2023

Tantangan utama kebijakan moneter di negara berkembang adalah secara bersamaan dapat mempertahankan independensi moneter, menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar, dan terlibat dalam integrasi keuangan global. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana kombinasi kebijakan moneter di Indonesia dari waktu ke waktu dapat menjawab ketiga tantangan tersebut dengan memenuhi kondisi Trilemma. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi keputusan Bank Indonesia mengubah rezim nilai tukar dan keputusan menerapkan target inflasi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu membangun indeks Trilemma dan mengujinya menggunakan constant regression. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Bank Indonesia menghadapi tradeoff dalam menentukan kombinasi tujuan kebijakannya. Tradeoff lebih berat ketika periode rezim free floating karena adanya masalah fear of floating, sedangkan tradeoff lebih ringan ketika penerapan inflation targeting.
Keberadaan Ritel Modern dan Dampaknya terhadap Pasar Tradisional di DKI Jakarta
Authors:   Magister Perencanaan dan Kebijakan Publik Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, Hikmawati Dianur
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak keberadaan ritel modern terhadap kinerja ritel tradisional dalam kebijakan zonasi ritel Peraturan Daerah (Perda) DKI Jakarta No. 2 Tahun 2002. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 153 ritel tradisional PD Pasar Jaya di DKI Jakarta dan keberadaan ritel modern (minimarket, supermarket, dan hypermarket) yang melanggar ketentuan kebijakan zonasi ritel. Penelitian ini menggunakan data jumlah pedagang ritel tradisional sebagai proksi variabel kinerja ritel tradisional. Hasil regresi mengindikasikan hubungan tidak linier antara jumlah ritel modern–terutama supermarket– dan kinerja pasar tradisional yaitu berpengaruh positif jika terdapat satu ritel modern kemudian menjadi negatif jika melebihi jumlah tersebut.
Acute Kidney Injury because of Implanted Tobramycin Pellets
Authors: Windfeld-Mathiasen Josefine , Horwitz Henrik , Schwartz Frederik
Published: April 2023

Case:

A 50-year-old healthy man with normal kidney function underwent surgery for fracture-related infection. Unfortunately, the patient received 2.5 times the intended dose of tobramycin pellets in the medullary cavity and developed acute kidney failure. Given the intraosseous administration of tobramycin, the drug displayed an absorption-dependent pharmacokinetics and multiple treatments with hemodialysis were needed. However, the patient had a complete recovery, and the kidney function remained normal at the 2-year follow-up.

Conclusion:

Tobramycin pellets are nephrotoxic in supratherapeutic doses; however, it was reversible in this case. Owing to the intraosseous administration, multiple treatments with hemodialysis were required.
Illegal Ministerial Circulars in Indonesia: Implications for Legitimacy
Authors: Gunawan Ari , Susetio Wasis , Markoni Markoni , Subiyanto Achmad Edi
Published: April 2023

This normative research aimed to examine the extent of ministerial circular letters in Indonesia and whether a particular circular letter violates the Law Number 17 of 2014. Through a qualitative literature review and legal analysis, the study found that Minister of Finance Circular Letter Number S-841/Mk.02/2014 does not fall under the category of legislative rules and lacks external application, thus rendering it illegal. The study suggests that ministerial circular letters must adhere to the law, philosophy, and social considerations to be considered legitimate. The findings have implications for the proper implementation and interpretation of ministerial circular letters in Indonesia.

Highlights:

Ministerial circular letters in Indonesia must comply with the law, philosophical principles, and social considerations to be considered legitimate.

Ministerial circular letters are not regulations that apply to the general public, but only to ministries or institutions.

Ministerial circular letters that contradict higher laws are considered illegal.
The Elusive Justice: Analyzing Disparities in Judges' Decisions on Domestic Psychic Violence Cases
Authors: Liong Steven , Helvis Helvis , Markoni Markoni , Kantikha I Made
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to analyze the basis for judges' considerations in cases of domestic psychological violence and to examine the causes of disparities in judges' decisions. The research employed a normative juridical research method. The results showed that judges' considerations in domestic psychological violence cases were based on three factors: juridical, sociological, and ideal philosophical considerations, which resulted in different decisions. The study found that disparities in judges' decisions could not be eliminated due to various influencing factors. Nonetheless, the act of psychological violence is considered a crime that disturbs family harmony and is prohibited by Law No. 23 of 2004. This research has implications for the need to establish clear guidelines for judges in handling domestic psychological violence cases to ensure consistency and fairness in the legal system.

Highlights:

The judge's considerations in domestic psychological violence cases include juridical, sociological, and ideal philosophical aspects.

Different considerations can result in different decisions, even in similar cases.

Acts of psychological violence in the household are prohibited by Law No. 23 of 2004 and can disrupt family harmony.
An Improved hybrid Salp Swarm Optimization and African Vulture Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems and Its Applications in Stock Market Prediction
Authors: Alizadeh Ali , Gharehchopogh Farhad Soleimanian , Masdari Mohammad , Jafarian Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Optimization is necessary for solving and improving the solution of various complex problems. Every meta-heuristic algorithm can have a weak point, and multiple mechanisms and methods can be used to overcome these weaknesses. We can use hybrid meta-heuristic algorithms to arrive at an efficient algorithm. This paper presents a new and intelligent approach by hybridizing meta-heuristic algorithms and using different mechanisms simultaneously without significantly increasing the time complexity. For this purpose, two algorithms, Salp Swarm Optimization(SSO) and the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) have been hybridized. And to improve the optimization process of the Modified Choice Function and Learning Automata mechanisms. In addition, two other improving mechanisms, named Opposition-Based Learning (OBL) and β-hill climbing (BHC) technique, have been presented and integrated with the AVOA-SSA algorithm. Fifty-two standard benchmarks were used to test and evaluate the AVOA-SSA algorithm. Finally, an improved version of the Extreme Learning Machine(ELM) classifier has been used with real stock market data for stock market prediction. The obtained results indicate the excellent and acceptable performance of the AVOA-SSA algorithm in `solving optimization problems and has been able to achieve high-quality solutions.
End-ischemic Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion for Extended Criteria Donors in Liver Transplantation – A multicenter, randomized controlled trial - HOPExt
Authors: Pradat Pierre , Pantel Solène , Maynard Marianne , Lalande Laure , Thevenon Sylvie , Adam René , Allard Marc-Antoine < , Robin Fabien , Rayar Michel , BOLESLAWSKI Emmanuel , Scatton Olivier , Chirica Mircea , Faitot François , Bachellier Philippe , Soubrane Olivier , Mohkam Kayvan , Mabrut Jean-Yves , Lesurtel Mickaël
Published: April 2023

Background: Given the scarce donor supply, an
increasing number of so-called marginal or extended criteria donor
(ECD) organs are used for liver transplantation. These
ECD liver grafts are however known to be associated with a higher
rate of early allograft dysfunction and primary non-function
because of a greater vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
The end-ischemic Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion (HOPE)
technique may improve outcomes of liver transplantation with ECD
grafts by decreasing reperfusion injury.
Methods: HOPExt trial is a
comparative open-label, multicenter, national, prospective,
randomized, controlled study, in two parallel groups,
using static cold storage, the gold standard
procedure, as control. The trial will enroll adult patients on
the transplant waiting list for liver failure or liver cirrhosis
and/or liver malignancy requiring liver transplantation and
receiving an ECD liver graft from a brain-dead donor. In the
experimental group, ECD liver grafts will first undergo a classical
static cold (4°C) storage followed by a hypothermic oxygenated
perfusion (HOPE) for a period of 1 to 4 hours. The control group
will consist of the classic static cold storage which is
the gold standard procedure in liver transplantation. The primary
objective of this trial is to study the efficacy of HOPE used
before transplantation of ECD liver grafts from brain-dead donors
in reducing postoperative early allograft dysfunction within the
first 7 postoperative days compared to simple cold static
storage.
Discussion: We present in this protocol all
study procedures in regard to the achievement of the HOPExt trial,
to prevent biased analysis of trial outcomes and improve the
transparency of the trial results. Enrollment of patients in the
HOPExt trial has started on June 31, 2021, and is ongoing
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03929523. Registered on April 29, 2019, before the start of
inclusion.
C allele of SCD1 rs7849 (T/C) polymorphism and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes: A pilot study from Bangladesh
Authors: Bhowmik Mousumi , Mia Mamun , Saiedullah Muhammad , Islam S M Rafiqul , Akter Salima
Published: April 2023

Background: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) activity, a key lipid metabolism regulator, may impact type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previously, we reported a significant functional interaction between SCD1 and T2D in the Bangladeshi population. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the SCD1 rs7849 polymorphism and T2D risk variables (n = 90; mean age, 45 y; range, 30–70 y).
Methods: 45 T2D patients and 45 healthy controls were recruited. Demographic and anthropometric data of the subjects were recorded and biochemical parameters were measured following standard protocols. Genomic blood DNA was extracted by PCR-RFLP method to identify the SCD1 gene rs7849 polymorphic variant and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium for SCD1 gene variants was tested.
Results: The results showed that the heterozygous allele (TC) for SCD1 at position 7849 has been associated with higher postprandial blood glucose levels (p-value < 0.05). Healthy non-diabetic individuals with the SCD1 rs7849 variant had higher BMIs than their diabetic counterparts (p-value < 0.05). Females with rs7849 heterozygous variants had significantly higher body composition and body fat distribution when compared between the genders (p-value < 0.05).
Conclusions: This preliminary research from Bangladesh raises the possibility that genetic variations in the SCD1 gene may affect the propensity to type 2 diabetes.
Months-long preparation of the 2023 MW 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake, Türkiye
Authors: Kwiatek Grzegorz , Martínez-Garzón Patricia , Becker Dirk , Dresen Georg , Cotton Fabrice , Beroza Gregory , Acarel Diğdem , Ergintav Semih , Bohnhoff Marco
Published: April 2023

Short term prediction of the magnitude, time, and location of earthquakes is currently not possible. In some cases, however, behaviour has been documented that has been retrospectively considered as precursory. Some models hold that on a timescale of several years, increasing levels of background seismic activity may signify enhanced damage generation affecting a broader area in the lead up to the future earthquake. Localization of seismicity and/or aseismic deformation towards a single fault or multiple fault branches in these models leads to spatial coalescence of segments, stress transfer and non-local interaction of foreshock events, and a nonlinear increase in seismic activity. Perhaps due to the structural complexity of fault zones, however, proposed seismic and aseismic preparatory deformation processes, when present, are strongly variable and still not well understood. Here we present evidence for an extended earthquake preparation process starting in June 2022 and lasting approx. 8 months prior to the occurrence of the February 6th, 2023, MW 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake on the East Anatolian Fault Zone. The apparently precursory activity ahead of the earthquake is composed of a handful of isolated spatio-temporal clusters within 65 km of the future earthquake epicentre. Some of these clusters display accelerating seismic activity starting ca. 8 months before the mainshock, non-Poissonian inter-event time statistics and distribution of magnitudes in time, as well as low Gutenberg-Richter b-values. Close to the mainshock epicentre and during the weeks prior to its rupture, seismic quiescence is observed. Our observations suggest a different initiation mechanism compared to the cascade of close (<200 m) foreshocks observed before the MW 7.6 Izmit 1999 earthquake. The trends of seismic preparatory attributes for this earthquake follow those previously documented in both laboratory stick-slip tests and numerical models of heterogeneous earthquake rupture affecting multiple fault segments. With more comprehensive and effective earthquake monitoring, it may be possible to recognize a preparation phase before at least some significant earthquakes.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with increased 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial injury: analysis based on MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Li Zhengda , Li Yufang , Liu Maoxia , Guo Yanxia , Yang Xinjing
Published: April 2023

Background
Myocardial injury is a serious complication of sepsis. It is necessary to explore the risk factors that affect the prognosis of sepsis-induced myocardial injury. Many studies have investigated the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the early diagnosis and prognostic prediction of sepsis, but few foucus on sepsis induced myocardial injury. We assessed NLR in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial injury to find the relationship between NLR and 30-day mortality.
Methods
Patients with sepsis induced myocardial injury who had neutrophil counts and lymphocyte counts detected within 48 hours of admission were screened from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients were divided into three groups according to NLR in tertiles: the lower tertile group (NLR < 6.29), the second tertile group (NLR 6.29–13.86) and the upper tertile group (NLR > 13.86). Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate Cox regression model were constructed. The differential effect of age on the relationship between NLR in tertiles and 30-day mortality was examined using an interaction term (difference in differences analysis).
Results
This study eventually included 1690 adult sepsis-induced myocardial injury patients. Compared with the surviving group, NLR of the death group was higher [9.11(5.27–16.91) vs11.5(6.43–19.75), p < 0.001]. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significantly higher mortality among participants in the upper NLR tertile than among those in the reference of lower NLR tertile [191(32.43%) vs.108(21.14%), P < 0.001]. After adjustment for all clinical variables, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the same trend (HR = 1.17; 95% CI 1.04–1.32; P = 0.01). When examining the differential effect of age, 30-day mortality was significantly higher in the upper tertile than in the lower tertile as age increased.
Conclusions
NLR was associated with higher 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial injury.
Exercise snacking to improve physical function in pre-frail older adult memory clinic patients: a 28-day pilot study
Authors: Western Max J. , Welsh Tomas , Keen Kristen , Bishop Vanessa , Perkin Oliver J.
Published: April 2023

Background

Finding innovative yet feasible ways of preventing physical and cognitive decline in those at risk is a critical global challenge, with exercise being championed as a key precursor to robust health in later life. Exercise snacking, defined as short bouts of sporadic muscle-strengthening exercise, is one such strategy designed to overcome typical participation barriers observed in older adults. This study examined the acceptability of exercise snacking amongst pre-frail older adults and explored the efficacy of this approach in improving physical function.

Methods

In this single group design, 21 pre-frail outpatients with mild-cognitive impairment were recruited from a UK memory clinic. To be eligible, participants were aged ≥ 65-years who scored 3–8 (inclusive) on the short physical performance battery (SPPB) and were not regularly engaging in sport or exercise. Participants completed a 28-day, twice daily, exercise snacking intervention, consisting of five muscle-strengthening exercises, with the aim being to complete as many repetitions as possible of each exercise in a minute. Acceptability of the intervention was measured quantitatively and qualitatively using a survey and topic guide informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Pre- and post-intervention physical function was measured using the SPPB, timed up-and-go (TUG), and 60s standing balance and sit-to-stand tests.

Results

Eighteen participants provided follow-up data and showed 85% adherence to the exercise snacking intervention, measured as the proportion of all sessions completed out of a possible 56. Participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable (4.6/5) suggesting it supported their self-efficacy (4.3/5) was enjoyable (4.1/5) and had a low burden (2.1/5). Qualitative findings suggested the ease of use, flexibility of the programme, and perceived effectiveness was important, and particularly useful for non-exercisers. Improvements in SPPB score (8(1) vs 9(3), p < 0.01), TUG (11.32(4.02) vs 9.18(5.25) seconds, p < 0.01) and in the 60-second sit-to-stand test (17 ± 5 vs 23 ± 7 repetitions, p < 0.01) were seen between baseline and follow-up.

Conclusions

Exercise snacking is an acceptable and potentially efficacious format of exercise for pre-frail memory clinic attendees who are at heightened risk of falling and frailty. Large scale randomised controlled trials are required to confirm whether exercise snacking is effective in the short and long term.
ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05439252 (30/06/2022)
Probabilistic maps on bistable vibration energy harvesters
Authors: Norenberg João Pedro , Cunha Americo , Silva Samuel da , Varoto Paulo
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes the impact of parametric uncertainties on the dynamics of bistable energy harvesters, focusing on obtaining statistical information about how each parameter’s variability affects the energy harvesting process. To model the parametric uncertainties, we use a probability distribution derived from the maximum entropy principle, while polynomial chaos is employed to propagate uncertainty. We consider different models of bistable energy harvesters that account for nonlinear piezoelectric coupling and asymmetries. Our findings suggest a higher probability of increasing harvested power in the intrawell motion regime as the excitation frequency increases. In contrast, increasing the excitation amplitude and piezoelectric coupling are more likely to increase power in the chaotic and interwell motion regimes, respectively.
Cellular Senescence-Related Genes: Predicting Prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Weiwei , Xu Yuanmin , Wu Zhiheng , Huang Yang , Meng Lei , Dai Shiping , Ying Songcheng , chen Zhangming , Xu Aman
Published: April 2023

Recent studies have shown no significant improvement in the high incidence and low cure rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Surgery and liver transplantation are the primary means of prolonging survival in patients with HCC. however, patients with HCC have low surgical resection rates, and even when radical surgical resection is obtained, the 5-year postoperative recurrence rate remains high, the prognosis is poor, and additional therapeutic options are urgently needed. There is increasing evidence that cellular senescence is associated with human cancers. The purpose of this study was to develop a risk model associated with cellular senescence to predict the prognosis of HCC and to search for potential strategies to treat HCC. The genome associated with cellular senescence was obtained from the CellAge website. transcriptomic data and clinical data for HCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA).
On proving the robustness of algorithms for early fault-tolerant quantum computers
Authors: Kshirsagar Rutuja , Katabarwa Amara , Johnson Peter
Published: April 2023

The hope of the quantum computing field is that quantum architectures are able to scale up and
realize fault-tolerant quantum computing. Due to engineering challenges, such “cheap” error cor-
rection may be decades away. In the meantime, we anticipate an era of “costly” error correction, or
early fault-tolerant quantum computing. Costly error correction might warrant settling for error-prone
quantum computations. This motivates the development of quantum algorithms which are robust
to some degree of error as well as methods to analyze their performance in the presence of error.
We introduce a randomized algorithm for the task of phase estimation and give an analysis of its
performance under two simple noise models. In both cases the analysis leads to a noise threshold,
below which arbitrarily high accuracy can be achieved by increasing the number of samples used in
the algorithm. As an application of this general analysis, we compute the maximum ratio of the largest
circuit depth and the dephasing scale such that performance guarantees hold. We calculate that the
randomized algorithm can succeed with arbitrarily high probability as long as the required circuit
depth is less than 0.916 times the dephasing scale.
Picloram enhanced the callus induction, growth kinetics, antioxidant potentials, and secondary metabolites production of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum callus cultures
Authors: Gnasekaran Pavallekoodi , Rahman Zuraida Abdul , Chew Bee Lynn , Uddain Jasim , Solayappan Maheswaran , Jeng Nelson Yeou Chear , Appalasamy Suganthi , Mariappan Vanitha , Wahyuni Dwi Kusuma , Subramaniam Sreeramanan
Published: April 2023

Plant cells are driven by types and concentrations of plant growth regulators to produce callus mass containing bioactive compounds. This study aimed to induce callus and to observe the histological, phytochemicals, and antioxidant basis of the callus. An efficient callus induction protocol was developed using picloram for Malaysian red ginger, Zingiber officinale var. rubrum. The effect of auxinic picloram herbicide was studied using six different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L) on various explants (leaf sheath, leaf, root) to optimise the callus induction. The induced callus was studied for growth kinetics, anatomical features, antioxidant capacity, and phytochemical content. The highest callogenesis frequency (93.75%) and biomass accumulation (3.68 g) were observed on leaf sheath explant cultured on ½ strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 8 mg/L which also requires earlier subculture duration (45 days post-inoculation) in comparison to lower concentrations. Morphological investigation through histological procedure demonstrated friable and non-embryogenic characteristics of the primary and subcultured callus. Cultivated leaf sheath (CLS) methanolic extract showed the highest total phenolic (191.26 mg GAE/g dry extract) and flavonoid (4.54 mg QE/g dry extract) contents contributing to antioxidant activity with an estimated EC50 of 0.208 mg/mL. Although comparatively lower than CLS extract, callus extracts showed higher antioxidant activity and significantly lower EC50 values than in vitro leaf sheath extract. 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, phenol, and phenolic glucoside were only present in callus cultures while methyl esters, fatty acids, and phytosterols could be obtained from leaf sheath and callus extracts. In conclusion, the callus culture of Z. officinale var. rubrum is a potential renewable source of bioactive phytochemical compounds and can be employed for biotechnological practices such as elicitor-induced accumulation of secondary metabolites and genetic modification.
Application of big data technology platform based on deep learning in smart tax evaluation system
Authors: Wang Ying
Published: April 2023

In today's modern transformation of tax affairs, as information technology and Internet technology are constantly updated and become more advanced, it is necessary to reasonably change the processing flow of tax affairs, such as breaking the time and space constraints to make it more convenient. It is an inevitable need to complete the reform and optimize the business environment through the "release, management and service" policy to achieve technological transformation. The big data technology platform can well accomplish the expected tasks, thus providing systematic support for tax work. In this context, this paper integrates the deep learning technology with the big data technology platform to complete the design of the mobile tax system for taxpayers. It is convenient and fast, and can realize the creation of an intelligent tax evaluation system, so as to carry out tax management, information retrieval, information release, user communication and system management, and can also safely repair the system itself. Through the design experiment, the user-defined query and retrieval function of the system is tested. The results show that the comprehensive query module of the system has good security, and the evaluation system can meet the user's requirements for ease of use and friendly system interface. This paper has completed the construction of smart tax evaluation system by integrating deep learning technology and big data technology platform.
No clear second choice to long-term sustainability: climate and land-use change impacts on tree distributions in Southeast Asia
Authors: Pang Sean , Slik Ferry , Chisholm Ryan A. , Webb Edward
Published: April 2023

Future biodiversity outcomes are expect to vary across Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) of climate and land-use change. We modelled 1476 tree species distributions in Southeast Asia, classified them into 12 spatially associated groups, and projected distributional changes under four SSPs. The sustainable pathway, SSP1-2.6, led to the best outcomes for tree distributions. However, there was no clear second-best pathway for both climate and biodiversity. Distribution outcomes were generally worst for intermediate pathways of climate mitigation because they involved greater land-use change, while the second-best distribution outcome was under the least-sustainable climate pathway. Furthermore, the second-best pathway varied starkly across species groups, such that the second-best pathway for one group was also the worst for another. We demonstrate how halfway measures to mitigate climate change can lead to worse biodiversity outcomes, and that deviating from the sustainable pathway will involve trade-offs. We emphasise that policymakers must prioritise the most sustainable pathway.
Comprehensive genome-wide identification and characterization of ABC Transporter superfamily in Cajanus cajan and its expression profiling under different developmental stages in various anatomical tissues
Authors: Mall Mridula Sanjana , Shah Shreya , Singh Shivani , Singh Namita , Singh Nootan , Vaish Swati , Basantani M K , Gupta Divya
Published: April 2023

Plant ATP- binding cassette (ABC) protein family is the largest multifunctional highly conserved protein superfamily that transports diverse substrates across biological membranes by the hydrolysis of ATP and is also the part of the several other biological processes like cellular detoxification, growth and development, stress biology, and signaling processes. In the agriculturally important legume crop Cajanuscajan, a genome-wide identification and characterization of the ABC gene family was carried out. A total of 159 ABC genes were identified that belong to eight canonical classes CcABCA to CcABCG and CcABCI based on the phylogenetic analysis. The number of genes was highest in CcABCG followed by CcABCC and CcABCB class. A total of 85 CcABC genes were found on 11 chromosomes and 74 were found on scaffold. Tandem duplication was the major driver of CcABC gene family expansion. The dN/dS ratio revealed the purifying selection. The phylogenetic analysis revealed class specific eight superclades which reflect their functional importance. The largest clade was found to be CcABCG which reflects their functional significance. CcABC proteins were mainly basic in nature and found to be localized in the plasma membrane.The secondary structure prediction revealed the dominance of α-helix. The canonical transmembrane and nucleotide binding domain, signature motif LSSGQ, Walker A, Walker B region and Q loop were also identified. A class-specific exon- intron pattern was also observed. In addition to core elements, different cis-acting regulatory elements like stress, hormone, and cellular responsive were also identified. Expression profiling of CcABC genes at various developmental stages of different anatomical tissues was performed and it was noticed that CcABCF3, CcABCF4, CcABCF5, CcABCG66,and CcABCI3 had the highest expression. The results of the current study endow us with the further functional analysis of Cajanus ABC in the future.
Comparison of respiratory pathogens in children with community-acquired pneumonia before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tang Mingyu , Dong Wenfang , Yuan Shuhua , Chen Jiande , Lin Jie , Wu Jinhong , Zhang Jing , Yin Yong , Zhang Lei
Published: April 2023

Background
Multifaceted non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic have not only reduced the transmission of SARS-CoV2, but have had an effect on the prevalence of other pathogens. This retrospective study aimed to compare and analyze the changes of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia.
Methods
From January 2019 to December 2020, children with community-acquired pneumonia were selected from the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center. On the first day of hospitalization, sputum, throat swabs, venous blood samples from them were collected for detection of pathogens.
Results
A total of 2596 children with community-acquired pneumonia were enrolled, including 1871 patients in 2019 and 725 in 2020. The detection rate in 2020 was lower than in 2019, whether single or multiple pathogens. Compared with 2019, the detection rate of virus, especially parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, all decreased in 2020. On the contrary, the prevalence of human rhinovirus was much higher than that in 2019. In addition, the positivity rate for bacteria did not change much over the two years, which seemed to be less affected by COVID-19. And Mycoplasma pneumoniae which broke out in 2019 has been in low prevalence since March 2020 even following the reopening of school.
Conclusions
Strict public health interventions for COVID-19 in China have effectively suppressed the spread of not only SARS-CoV2 but parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and Mycoplasma pneumonia as well. However, it had a much more limited effect on bacteria and rhinovirus. Therefore, more epidemiological surveillance of respiratory pathogens will help improve early preventive measures.
Onset of Double Subduction Controls Plate Motion Reorganization
Authors: Zhang Kuidi , Liao Jie , Gerya Taras
Published: April 2023

Face-to-face double subduction systems, in which two oceanic plates are subducted toward each other, are common elements of plate tectonics. Two subduction zones in such systems are typically uneven in age and their subduction dynamics vary both temporarily and spatially and remain enigmatic. Here we use 2D geodynamic numerical modeling to show that plate motion partitioning in these subduction systems is dynamically unstable and strongly varies in time. As the result of this instability, the waxing younger subduction zone may gradually absorb the plate convergence from the waning older one. Consequently, the trench of the older subduction zone may stop retreating and its subduction rate notably decreases. The stress state of the overriding plate and the mantle flow field between the two simultaneously active trenches reflect this dynamical transition from older subduction to younger subduction activity. Our results allow us to classify several different characteristic trench migration and overriding plate motion patterns between older and younger subduction, which provide a reference to interpret the past and predict the future evolution of several key double subduction regions found in modern Earth.
Expression Profiling of IDH, p53, ATRX, and KI-67 Immunostains as Potential Grid for Molecular Subtyping of Adult Diffuse Gliomas from Pakistan
Authors: Danish Farheen , Qureshi Muhammad Asif , Avesi Lubna , Shamim Saba Hassan , Sufiyan Sufiyan , Mirza Talat , Mughal Nouman
Published: April 2023

Background

The classification of gliomas is changing profoundly and has been shifted from histological criteria only; to morphological and molecular markers. The routine everyday approach nowadays for diagnosing diffuse gliomas begins with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for IDH1, ATRX, and p53, as these substitute molecular testing for classification. Moreover, the Ki-67 immunomarker is a useful accessory marker for the proliferative activity and hence grading of these tumors. Keeping in mind the growing importance of molecular information in CNS tumor classification and the use of integrated diagnosis according to the new WHO Classification we undertook this immunohistochemical study for the integrated diagnosis of adult diffuse gliomas in our setup.

Material & Method

In this study, 92 prospective cases of adult diffuse gliomas were included from January 2018 to June 2021. We analyzed the IDH1, ATRX, and p53 status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed the results in correlation to histological type, grade, and among these molecular markers.

Result

IDH R132H mutation, ATRX loss, and p53 mutation were mostly accompanied by astrocytoma in the current study. For IDH gene mutation, grade 2 and 3 patients (80%) have a higher positive rate than grade 4 (20%); for P53 gene mutation, grade 2 and 3 patients (77%) have a higher positive rate than grade 4 (22.6%). ATRX loss in astrocytomas was strongly associated with IDH1-R132H (p = 0.001) and p53 (p = 0.000). Among 31 glial tumors with nuclear ATRX loss, 23 (74%) had an IDH1 mutation and 19 (61%) had a p53 mutation. Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was above 5% in more than 90% of high-grade gliomas histologically and is associated with increasing WHO grade (p = < 0.000).

Conclusion

IDH1 p53, ATRX, and Ki67 markers can successfully be used to characterize diffuse gliomas into molecularly defined groups in most cases. IDH1 mutations together with ATRX loss and p53 mutation are common in astrocytomas grade 2–4, while they are rare in glioblastoma. IDH1 mutations without ATRX loss and p53 mutation characterized oligodendrogliomas. Moreover, this IHC panel is not only helpful in evaluating astrocytic versus oligodendroglial lineage, but in identifying the presence of oncoproteins which help in predicting the prognosis and therapeutic implications of the patients.
Draft proteome of Colletotrichum falcatum revealed exclusive abundance of fungal pathogenicity-related proteins during red rot disease in sugarcane
Authors: Gujjar Ranjit Singh , Kumar Rajeev , Goswami Sanjay Kumar , Joshi Deeksha , Srivast Sangeeta , Singh Shweta , Shiv Aalok , Mall Ashutosh Kumar , Kumar Sudhir , Kumar Ashok , Pathak Ashwini Dutt , Viswanathan Rasappa
Published: April 2023

A highly virulent Colletotrichum falcatum pathotype (CF08) was cultured in nutrient deficit media with fine-cut sugarcane stalks of red rot susceptible variety (CoJ 64). The mycelium was collected for the analysis of whole proteome using LCMS/MS. In-silico analysis was performed to identify the exclusive and differentially abundant proteins from whole proteomes of C. falcatum samples cultured with sugarcane (CFS1 and CFS2). Whole proteome analysis revealed a relatively higher number of peptide identities/proteins in CFS2 (2233), followed by CFS1 (1911), and CFC (control) with least number of proteins (1808). Compared to control, CFS1 and CFS2 samples of C. falcatum had plenty of exclusively abundant proteins like ABC transporters, glucose transporter, actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex proteins, antimicrobial peptides, autophagy-related proteins, chitin synthase, dicer-like proteins, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase proteins, myosin-1 proteins, polyketide synthase proteins, and nonribosomal peptide synthase proteins which are involved in the process of fungal virulence/pathogenicity. In this manuscript, we report the first draft of C. falcatum proteome (whole proteome) which has been successfully submitted to ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD033368.
Optimization of Hybridization of Artificial Neuron with Chaotic Genetic Algorithm in Prediction Process/With the application
Authors: Thalabi Sahera Hussein zain AL , Heydari Ali Akbar , Tavakoli Masoud
Published: April 2023

Interest in the subject of prediction has increased in recent years and modern and advanced methods have emerged, including neural network models, chaotic algorithms, hybrid algorithms, and others. All of these methods are able to learn and self-adapt to any model, and do not need assumptions for the nature of the time series. Taking more than one method may lead to an increase in the accuracy of future estimates, so a neural network and chaotic genetic algorithms are used, so a model combines the strengths of two techniques to develop a hybrid CGANN model to obtain more accurate prediction results and reduce prediction errors.
The aim of this study is to shed light on some of the statistical methods used in predicting the future demand for electric power in the southern region, as well as pointing to the most accurate methods in predicting the future of energy. The annual electrical energy consumption data for the southern region was used to make a comparison through practical application and it was found that the three methods are very high accuracy and suitable for use in the prediction process, but the most accurate models are the hybrid algorithm consisting of neural networks and the chaotic genetic algorithm CGANN that gives better and more results efficient, and thus was used to predict the electrical load of the southern region up to 2032.
Evaluation of different doses of Femoston therapy for incomplete abortion: A prospective observational trial
Authors: Huang Xueyao , Gong Bingchen , Cai Yingying , Wang Wenrong , An Jian
Published: April 2023

Background
Incomplete abortion is the most common complication after miscarriage or abortion, which can lead to bleeding, infections, shock, and death if left untreated. Medication for incomplete abortion is less invasive and more acceptable than standard surgical treatment. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different doses of femoston with expectant management for patients with incomplete abortions.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with incomplete abortion by transvaginal ultrasonography were included if they chose continued medical treatment rather than surgical intervention after relevant contraindications were excluded. Participants were divided into three groups: femoston(1/10) and femoston(2/10) group received different doses of femoston, and patients in control group received expectant treatment. Clinical characteristics of the participants, including age, gravidity, the diameter of the residual uterine content, the level of β-HCG in pre- and post-treatment, and whether missed abortion or scarred uterus were obtained. The success rate of complete abortion and the rate of menstrual recovery between the three groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of femoston for patients with incomplete abortions.
Results
197 patients were analyzed, 73 in the femoston (1/10) group, 73 in the femoston (2/10) group, and 51 patients were follow-up without treatment in the control group. The Femoston group was more effective than the control group with statistically significant (P < 0.001). And the success rate of complete abortion in the femoston (2/10) group was significantly higher than that of the femoston (1/10) group(P = 0.035). In addition, the rate of menstrual recovery in the femoston group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.007), and the rate in the femoston (2/10) group was also higher than the femoston (1/10) group with statistically significant (P = 0.001).
Conclusions
Femoston is effective in treating incomplete abortion, with femoston containing 2 mg of estrogen being more effective. For patients with incomplete abortion are treated with femoston, and menstrual recovery time may be shortened. Femoston may be a new option for the pharmacological treatment of incomplete abortion.
Metaproteomic analysis decodes the trophic basis of microbes in the dark ocean
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Amano Chie , Reinthaler Thomas , Baltar Federico , Orellana Monica , Herndl Gerhard
Published: April 2023

Microbes living in the dark ocean largely rely on the particulate organic matter (POM) input due the low bioavailability of deep-sea dissolved organic matter (DOM)1-3. Despite various POM injection mechanisms, coined as ‘pumps’4-6, and dark inorganic carbon(DIC) fixation7-9 are thought to fuel deep-sea microbial community, the source, composition and regeneration pathway from POM to DOM remains unclear. Here using a metaproteomic approach targeting on the structure and function of microbial communities (including eukaryotes, bacteria, archaea and virus), we reveal a size-fractionated pattern in marine protein pool. We show that zooplankton produces three time more than algae to the protein fraction of deep-sea POM. Gammaproteobacteria exhibits high metabolic activity in POM assimilation and contributes 30% of bacterial biomass. Viral lysis on active Gammaproteobacteria further converts bacterial biomass into DOM, which constitutes 80% of protein fraction of DOM. The DIC fixation mediated by nitrifiers also benefits from the urea released by zooplankton. These finding suggests that the POM and inorganic nutrient from zooplankton are of great importance in deep-sea carbon cycle, and the carbon delivery mechanism mediated by zooplankton, bacteria, archaea and viruses is intrinsically connected.
Endocrine, inflammatory and immune responses and individual differences in acute hypobaric hypoxia in lowlanders
Authors: Nishimura Takayuki , Motoi Midori , Toyoshima Hideo , Kishida Fumi , Shin Sora , Katsumura Takafumi , Nakayama Kazuhiro , Oota Hiroki , Higuchi Shigekazu , Watanuki Shigeki , Maeda Takafumi
Published: April 2023

When lowlanders are exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (HH) environments such as high mountains, hemodynamic changes occur to maintain oxygen levels in the body. However, changes to other physiological functions under such conditions have yet to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate changes to endocrine, inflammatory and immune responses and individual differences during acute HH exposure using a climatic chamber (75 min of exposure to conditions mimicking 3500 m) in healthy lowlanders. Aldosterone and cortisol were significantly decreased and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and white blood cell (WBC) count were significantly increased after HH. Lower peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) was associated with higher IL-6 and WBC count, and higher IL-8 was associated with higher cortisol. These results suggest that endocrine, inflammatory and immune responses are evoked even with a short 75-min exposure to HH and individuals with lower SpO2 show more pronounced responses. Our results provide basic data for understanding physiological responses and interactions of homeostatic systems with acute HH.