bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding grand challenges in sustainability implementation within mining in developing countries
Authors: Amoah Prince , Eweje Gabriel , Bathurst Ralph
Published: June 2020

Purpose
 First, this paper aims to define and interpret the social and environmental strands of sustainability, and analyse its implementation within the mining sectors of developed and developing countries. Second, we elaborate on stakeholder and institutional theoretical
perspectives to propose a framework for sustainability implementation. Finally, we draw attention to the shortcomings in sustainability implementation within the mining industry in developing countries and stress a cross-sectoral approach to defining sustainable categories.
 Design/methodology/approach

The paper develops a conceptual foundation for effective sustainability implementation by discussing the interconnectivity and the reciprocal interactions between impact indicators and sustainable categories including climatic condition, terrestrial parameters, national regulations, and international
mining standards.
 Findings
 Research results suggest that mining activities have created tensions between host communities and companies due to the finitude of the resources and the associated environmental and social challenges in developing countries. About 75%
of mines close prematurely, leaving legacies of environmental and social costs in mining communities despite companies embracing sustainability practices. However, the authors provide promising evidence for the possibility of employing a cross-sectoral approach in sustainability implementation
using holistic frameworks.
 Limitations
 The proposed cross-sectoral model presented here is only a starting point for further research in developing robust indicators and procedures for the approach. A consolidation of efforts by other researchers working on establishing
holistic indicators for sustainability implementation may lead to a much more detailed and robust model.
 Implications
 This paper may improve sustainability reporting and practices of companies, relating to how an impact on a social or environmental category cascades
down the entire mining industry, requiring a holistic assessment model and framework.
 Contribution
 The paper proposes a cross-sectoral model and suggests a framework which extends the boundaries of stakeholder and institutional theories and demonstrates how they
combine in defining sustainable categories.
Characteristics of photonic jets generated by a dielectric sphere illuminated by a Gaussian beam
Authors: Huang Jianqiang , Zhao Yiming , Yang Hanlin , Wang Jiajie , Briard Paul , Han Yiping
Published: June 2020

Photonic jets (PJs) formed on the shadow side of micro-sized dielectric spheres excited by focused Gaussian beams are investigated within the framework of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT). The intrinsic advantages of rapidity and high accuracy of the GLMT in calculations enable us to conduct a systematic study of PJs at a low cost and a high reliability. To reveal the influence of beam parameters on the properties of PJs, numerical results concerning variations of key parameters of PJs, including the maximal intensity, the focal distance, which is linked to the position of maximal intensity, and longitudinal and transversal dimensions are presented with the change of the beam waist radius and the focal center location of the Gaussian beam. The results show that as the beam waist radius approaches the radius of the particle, the energy stream of the Gaussian beam contributes more efficiently to the formation of PJs. By properly tuning the location of the beam focal center, the PJ pattern can be efficiently engineered to a large extent.
Long-lived quantum coherence and nonlinear properties of a two-dimensional semiconductor quantum well
Authors: Abo-Kahla D. A. M.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we present an analytical solution to the Maxwell–Bloch equations of the two-level semiconductor quantum well,

G
a
A
s

/

A
l
G
a
A
s

. In addition, we discuss the effects of coherent Rabi oscillations

Ω
(
t
)

and the frequency of the semiconductor system

ν
(
t
)

on atomic occupation probabilities,

ρ

11

(
t
)

and

ρ

22

(
t
)

, population inversion,

ρ
z

(
t
)

, and information entropies,

H
(

σ
x

)

,

H
(

σ
y

)

, and

H
(

σ
z

)

. We observe clearly the emergence of long-lived quantum coherence and the decay in curves for some special cases of

Ω
(
t
)

and

ν
(
t
)

. Also, we show that the dynamic nonlinear properties of the system can be controlled by changing the values of the coherent Rabi oscillations

Ω
(
t
)

and the frequency of the semiconductor system

ν
(
t
)

. Due to the lack of mathematical treatment of such systems, our study promises significant advantages for a large number of nonlinear dynamic systems, opening up a wide range of applications for semiconductor quantum wells.
Controllable superbunching effect from four-wave mixing process in atomic vapor
Authors: Zhang Shuanghao , Zheng Huaibin , Wang Gao , Liu Jianbin , Luo Sheng , He Yuchen , Zhou Yu , Chen Hui , Xu Zhuo
Published: June 2020

Correlation property of light limits the performance in related applications such as the visibility of ghost imaging or intensity interferometry. To exceed these performance limits, we here manipulate the degree of second- and higher-order coherence of light by changing controllable variables in four-wave mixing (FWM) process. The measured degree of second- and third-order coherence of the output light beams considerably exceed those of the incident pseudothermal light. Namely superbunching effects, g(2)(0) value up to 7.47 and g(3)(0) value up to 58.34, are observed experimentally. In addition, strong second- and third-order cross-correlation exist between the output light beams. Further insights into the dependence of superbunching light on the temperature of Rb vapor, the laser detuning and the optical power of all the incident light beams show that it can serve as a light source with a tunable superbunching degree.
Introducing coherent MIMO sensing, a fading-resilient, polarization-independent approach to ϕ-OTDR
Authors: Guerrier Sterenn , Dorize Christian , Awwad Elie , Renaudier Jérémie
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, long distance optical fibre transmission systems use polarization diversity multiplexed signals to enhance transmission performance. Distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) use the same propagation medium, i.e., single mode optical fibre, and aim at comparable targets such as covering the highest distance with the best signal quality. In the case of sensors, a noiseless transmission enables us to monitor a large quantity of mechanical events along the fibre. This paper aims at extending the perspectives of DAS systems with regard to technology breakthroughs introduced in long haul transmission systems over the past decade. We recently developed a sensor interrogation method based on coherent phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (ϕ-OTDR), with dual polarization multiplexing at the transmitter and polarization diversity at the receiver. We name this technique coherent-MIMO sensing. A study is performed from a dual-polarization numerical model to compare several sensor interrogation techniques, including coherent-MIMO. We demonstrate that dual-polarization probing of a fibre sensor makes it insensitive to polarization effects, decreases the risks of false alarms and thus strongly enhances its sensitivity. The simulations results are validated with an experiment, and finally quantitative data are given on the performance increase enabled by coherent-MIMO sensing.
Combined use of TDLAS and LIBS for reconstruction of temperature and concentration fields
Authors: Lee Jungwun , Bong Cheolwoo , Yoo Jihyung , Bak Moon Soo
Published: June 2020

A new technique is developed for reconstructing the temperature and species-concentration fields by employing tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) on axisymmetric combustion fields. For two-line thermometry, the uncertainties in linestrengths of the absorption lines may cause systematic errors in temperature and species concentration estimations. Thus, the radial profiles of water vapor concentration are obtained first using the LIBS, assuming that the combustion is complete; then, the radial temperature profiles are estimated from the radial profiles of absorption coefficient, as reconstructed from the absorbance profiles obtained using the TDLAS. The spectral lines of water vapor at 7185.6 and 7444.36 cm−1 are selected as the linestrengths show monotonic decreases with the increase in temperature within the measuring temperature range. The radial profiles of temperature and water mole fraction are well-reconstructed, and the measurement error is found to be as low as 3%. The technique yielded higher temperatures compared to the thermocouple, possibly owing to the significant radiative heat loss in the thermocouple data.
Multicycle terahertz pulse generation by optical rectification in LiNbO3, LiTaO3, and BBO crystals
Authors: Jang Dogeun , Kim Ki-Yong
Published: June 2020

We report multicycle, narrowband, terahertz radiation at 14.8 THz produced by phase-matched optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses in bulk lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals. Our experiment and simulation show that the output terahertz energy greatly enhances when the input laser pulse is highly chirped, contrary to a common optical rectification process. We find this abnormal behavior is attributed to a linear electro-optic (EO) effect, in which the laser pulse propagating in LiNbO3 is modulated by the terahertz field it produces, and this in turn drives optical rectification more effectively to produce the terahertz field. This resonant cascading effect can greatly increase terahertz conversion efficiencies when the input laser pulse is properly pre-chirped with additional third order dispersion. We also observe similar multicycle terahertz emission from lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) at 14 THz and barium borate (BBO) at 7 THz, 10.6 THz, and 14.6 THz, all produced by narrowband phase-matched optical rectification.
Compact fiber strain sensor fabricated by a CO2 laser
Authors: Wang Senyu , Ma Yiwei , Geng Tao , Sun Cuiting , Zhu Hongjia , Li Xiaoyang , Yi Yang , Zhang Shuo , Sun Weimin , Yuan Libo
Published: June 2020

In this Letter, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, parallel inclined planes long period fiber grating (PIP-LPFG) for strain measurement is proposed. This structure is fabricated by a high frequency

C
O

2

laser, which has polished periodic parallel inclined planes on a single mode fiber (SMF). Refractive index modulation (RIM) over a large area on the surface of the SMF significantly shortens the total length of the grating, and the structure of parallel inclined planes efficiently enhance the strain sensitivity of PIP-LPFG. Experimental results show that this LPFG with a miniature length of 3.9 mm has a good repeatability and stability of strain response, which can reach to 116 pm/µ

ε

in the dynamic range of 0–425 µ

ε

. Meanwhile, the temperature sensitivity of PIP-LPFG is 54.7 pm/°C in the dynamic range of 30–170°C.
Passive optical phase noise cancellation
Authors: Hu Liang , Tian Xueyang , Wu Guiling , Chen Jianping
Published: June 2020

We report on the realization of an optical phase noise cancellation technique by passively embedding the optical phase noise information into a radio frequency signal and creating a copy of the optical frequency signal, which is pre-corrected by the amount of phase noise introduced by optical phase perturbations. Neither phase discrimination nor an active servo controller is required due to the open-loop design, mitigating some technical problems, such as the limited compensation speed and finite phase/timing jitter, in conventional phase noise cancellation. We experimentally demonstrate that this technique maintains the same delay-limited bandwidth and phase noise suppression capability as in conventional techniques, but significantly shortens the response speed and phase recovery time. Passive decoupling optical phase perturbation represents a powerful technique in the domains of optical frequency standard comparisons and tools for future optical atomic clocks, which are now under investigation for a potential redefinition of the International Time Scale.
Optimized amplitude modulation in femtosecond stimulated Raman microscopy
Authors: Lipkin Maxim , Nixdorf Jakob , Gilch Peter
Published: June 2020

In femtosecond stimulated Raman microscopy, two laser pulses (Raman pump and probe) interact at the focus of a scanning microscope. To retrieve the Raman signature of the sample, an amplitude modulation of the pump pulses is necessary. Here, different methods to achieve this modulation are presented and compared.
FLAVONOIDS IN THE SPECIES OF THE FAMILY ARACEAE: A REVIEW
Authors: Iwashina Tsukasa
Published: June 2020

Flavonoids is one of the secondary metabolites and consists of two phenyl rings (A- and B-rings) connected by a three carbon bridge. Over 8000 kinds of flavonoids were reported from vascular plants and Bryophytes. This paper reviewed the flavonoid characters of the Araceae s.l. (including the Lemnaceae). Major flavonoids of the family were C-glycosylflavones with the exception for subfamilies Gymnostachydoideae and Orontioideae. Other flavonoid classes, i.e. anthocyanins, flavones, flavonols, flavan and proanthocyanidins, were reported in all subfamilies. Flavanone and C-glycosylflavanone were isolated from Spirodela polyrhiza and Anthurium binotii, respectively. However, dihydroflavonol, chalcone, dihydrochalcone, aurone, and isoflavonoids were not reported in the Araceae. Although Araceae s.l. is a large family consisting of ca. 3645 species and ca. 144 genera, flavonoids were surveyed only in 146 species of 48 genera, as far as known.
TEKNIK-TEKNIK REMEDIASI SEDIMEN TERKONTAMINASI LOGAM BERAT
Authors: Harmesa Harmesa
Published: June 2020

Sediments are important in influencing changes and movements of the heavy metals in the aquatic environment. Heavy metals contamination of the sediments has negative ecological impacts on the environment. Therefore, economical, effective, and environmentally friendly remediation processes are needed. Purposes of the remediation are to reduce toxicity, bioavailability, and mobility of the metals from the polluted sediments. The remediations are developed using physical-chemical, biological and combination of both techniques. Physical-chemical techniques are carried out to decrease the stability of contaminated substances. Biological techniques or known as bioremediation are conducted through biological processes of plants, animals, and microorganisms. While the combination of both respective techniques, can produce maximum benefits and increase remediation efficiency.
ANCAMAN HIPOKSIA BAGI EKOSISTEM PESISIR; PENGGUNAAN INDEKS AMMONIA-ELPHIDIUM (A-E) SEBAGAI PROKSI
Authors: Rositasari Ricky
Published: June 2020

Hypoxia is one of the aquatic phenomena caused by natural and/or anthropogenic factors. Eutrophication is the main trigger of hypoxia in coastal waters throughout the hemisphere. Hypoxia that occurs in aquatic ecosystems refers to the low concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water column to less than 2 mg/L. Hypoxia causes a double effect, low oxygen supply for biotic physiological process, and triggers ocean acidification. Prolonged hypoxic conditions will have a significant impact on the food webs in coastal waters and sea waters, further conditions will ultimately have an impact on capture-based fishing activities. The case of hypoxia in Indonesian coastal waters has not been widely revealed and has not been a concern to be understood or traced to its existence. Retrospective as well as actual traces of hypoxia were revealed, especially in the waters of Jakarta Bay. The retrospective study was carried out using proxies that have been used in various tropical and subtropical countries, the Ammonia-Elphidium (A-E) index (Foraminifera). The results show that several places in the coastal waters of Jakarta Bay and Semarang have experienced episodic hypoxic events for several centuries. A brief review of phenomenal hypoxic events in other parts of the world and preliminary information on recorded events in several Indonesian coastal waters are expected to open stakeholder awareness about further threats of hypoxia in Indonesian waters.
A piacorientáció konstrukciójának aktualizálása a holisztikus marketingkoncepció segítségével
Authors: Kovács Bence , Szakály Zoltán
Published: June 2020

A piacorientációs kutatások közel 30 éves múltra tekintenek vissza. Ezen kutatásokelsődleges törekvése, hogy feltárják, miként kapcsolódik össze a piac, mint koordinációs mechanizmus és a szervezet, mint önálló entitás. A piacorientáció legszélesebb körben elfogadott megközelítései (magatartási és kulturális) a marketingkoncepcióra építenek, központi elemként pedig azt határozzák meg, hogy a szervezet miként törekszik adaptálni a marketingkoncepciót működése során. A teoretikus kutatások rendszerint a korábban említett megközelítések kombinációjaként igyekeznek a modernizálást véghez vinni. Jelen szakirodalmi feltáró tanulmányban arra törekszünk, hogy a marketingkoncepció legmodernebb megközelítését a holisztikus marketingkoncepciót próbáljuk meg a piacorientáció konstrukciójához illeszteni. Azaz a tanulmány célja egyrészt a piacorientáció szakirodalmának bemutatása, másrészt a piacorientáció koncepciójának aktualizálása a holisztikus marketingkoncepcióval. A tanulmány végén bemutatásra kerül egy 21 állításból álló leírás a holisztikus piacorientációról, amely a holisztikus marketing négy dimenziójára oszlik: belső marketing, integrált marketing, kapcsolatmarketing és teljesítménymarketing.
Gyümölcsfeldolgozó üzem létesítésének pénzügyi előkészületei
Authors: Zsótér Brigitta , Bagi Bence
Published: June 2020

Egy Bács-Kiskun megyei gyümölcsfeldolgozó üzem létesítésének pénzügyi tervezését végeztük el. Már megvalósult, hasonló jellegű üzemek látogatását és a befektetőkkel készített interjúkat követően megterveztük a saját beruházásunkat. A legnagyobb üzemmérettel rendelkező vállalat 50 partnerrel rendelkezik, akik megközelítőleg 1000 hektáron gazdálkodnak. Főként bodza és almalé sűrítményt állítanak elő. A pályázati lehetőségeket figyelembe véve számoltuk ki a pénzügyi előkalkulációinkat. Két forgatókönyvet készítettünk. Az egyiknél figyelembe vettük a rendelkezésre álló pályázati forrásokat, a másikat pedig kizárólag saját tőkéből finanszírozva terveztük meg. Mindkét szcenárió esetén alkalmaztuk a DPB, NPV, IRR és a PI mutatókat. Természetesen a pályázat által finanszírozott forgatókönyv eredményei a kedvezőbbek, tehát ezt érdemesebb megvalósítanunk a jövőben.
Civil szervezetek beszámolási kötelezettsége, változások és tények
Authors: Szabados György Norbert , Bácsné Bába Éva , Fenyves Veronika , Bács Zoltán , Helmeczi András , Balogh Renátó , Dajnoki Krisztina
Published: June 2020

Amennyiben ma Magyarországon a civil szféráról beszélünk, a törvényi szabályozás ellenére sem messze egyértelmű kép tárul a laikus vagy épp a szakember számára. A KSH nonprofit tájékoztatóiban 1993 óta állnak rendelkezésre adatok, a bírósági online kereső civil szervezetek azonosítására, főbb adatainak megismerésére működtet adatbázist, mindemellett, ezektől függetlenül vagy épp ezekre alapozva kevés a további másodelemzés, vagy épp empirikus jellegű kutatás. A civil szervezetek beszámolási kötelezettségeivel kapcsolatos vizsgálódás újszerű területe a civilek kutatásának, apropóját pedig épp a sajtóban egyre több alkalommal megjelenő cikkek adják: civilek, akik nem tudnak támogatásokkal elszámolni, akik nem teszik közé beszámolóikat vagy épp az SZJA 1% kapcsán vélelmezhető valamiféle anomália. 2011 óta a civilek beszámolói is hozzáférhetőek (vagy annak kellene lenniük) a bírósági online keresőben, és a kutatások célja ezzel összefüggésben pedig éppen az, hogy miként és hogyan változott a beszámolási kötelezettség, megfelelően kitöltötteke a beszámolók, és mennyire hajlandóak részleteiben is beszámolni a szervezetek működésükről. Az eredmények szerint úgy tűnik, hogy a kevésbé kiélezett elvárásnak a beszámolási hajlandóság lazasága is velejárója.
Long-term follow up of a tuberous sclerosis patient: evaluation of anti-epileptic drugs and self- management support therapy
Authors: Diwasasri Anindya , Danarti Retno , Sutomo Retno , Hapsara Sunartini
Published: June 2020

Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) (OMIM 191100) is an inherited, autosomal dominant disorder affecting multiple organ systems.1 A genetic mutation in one of the tumor suppressor gene (TSG) alleles causes tumor growth in various organ systems. Tuberous sclerosis can be found in people of all races, and does not differ in men and women, with an incidence 1 in 6,000 births and prevalence of 1 in 20,000.1-3 Although the prevalence is quite high, diagnosing this disorder is often difficult and delayed due to diverse disease manifestations and varied age at onset.
Comparison of Growth Diagrams Of Indonesian Children to 2006 World Health Organization Growth Standards in diagnosing stunting
Authors: Wicaksono Rizki Aryo , Arto Karina Sugih , Saragih Rina Amalia Karomina , Deliana Melda , Lubis Munar , Batubara Jose Rizal Latief
Published: June 2020

Background Stunting represents a linear growth disturbance due to chronic malnutrition, recurrent infection, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. The 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) Growth Standards are utilized as a modality in monitoring children’s growth, but to date, there has been no recommendation on use of the Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children to monitor the growth of Indonesian children.

Objective To determine the proportion of stunting, the sensitivity and specificity of Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children for diagnosing stunting. In addition, we aimed to compare proportions of stunting using the 2006 WHO Growth Standards and Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children.

Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lawe Alas District, Southeast Aceh, Indonesia, from December 2017 to May 2018. Subjects were children aged 1-59 months who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Subjects were obtained using a consecutive sampling method. Weight and height measurements were plotted on the Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children and on the 2006 WHO Growth Standards to determine the stature o subjects. Stunting was defined as the index Z-score for HAZ of less than -2 SD for the 2006 WHO Growth Standards, and an HAZ index of below the 10th percentile (p10th) for the Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children.

Results Of 141 subjects, 66 (46.8%) had stunting based on the 2006 WHO Growth Standards and 51 (34.8%) had stunting based on Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children. The sensitivity and specificity of the Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children were 75.5% and 98.66%, respectively. Significantly more children were considered to be stunted using the 2006 WHO Growth Standards than using the Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children.

Conclusion Stunting prevalence is high in Southeast Aceh. The Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children is a spesific and sensitive tool to diagnosed stunting in accordance with Indonesian children’s growth patterns.
The Problem of Illegal Emigration of the Mennonites of the Black Sea Region in the 1920s-1930s (According to the Memoirs of the Families A. Herman and M. Reuter)
Authors: Redkinа O.Y. , Nazarova T.P.
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the causes of illegal emigration of the Mennonites from the Black Sea region, identifies the main routes and shows the role of Mennonite mutual aid in the implementation in the 1920s-1930s. Mennonite memoirs show that the main causes of emigration were repressions against the wealthy layers of the village, the anti-religious struggle that affected wide circles of Mennonites. Young Mennonites suffered from the inability to obtain a higher or secondary specialized education, while maintaining their religious beliefs; they were afraid to be arrested as members of the families of the anti-Soviet element. The main routes of illegal emigration passed through the western regions of Russia to the Baltic countries, to Poland and Germany; through Central Asia to China, through Transcaucasia to Turkey and Iran, through the Far East to China and further to the countries of North and South America, to Germany. The Far East was the most successful channel of illegal mass emigration in the region of Blagoveshchensk, where refugees were supported by local Mennonite communities, the Harbin Refugee Assistance Committee, Protestant missionaries, the German consulate in China, and co-religionists in the United States and Canada. Mutual assistance at the interpersonal level, as well as between relatives and communities in different regions, continued to play the role of an effective support mechanism, maintaining ties within the Mennonite community.
The Veneti the Heirs to the Minoans
Authors: Piven P.V.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the origin of various groups of the Veneti, known in historiography, based on data from archaeology, linguistics, and anthropology. Toponymic markers-ethnonyms use as the most important evidence of possible residence and subsequent spatial movements of tribes. It is justified that these geographical names appear, as a rule, when ethnic groups move to a new territory with an alien autochthonous population. The toponyms, ethnonyms provide an opportunity to identify areas of distribution and possible migration routes of the tribes. The article explores issues related to the migration of the Veneti during the Bronze Age disaster from the Northwestern part of the Asia Minor peninsula to Europe. It is justified that the Western Anatolian cultures created under the significant influence of the Minoan culture and the Veneti are among its successors. There is evidence that the self-name of the Minoans could be the ethnonym associated with the custom of painting the bodies of men in red. Evidence provided the trade of Ancient Egypt with the land of Rutenu (Ruzenu) could conducted with the Minoans and they could establish ports on the coast of the Levant, which became famous at afterwards.
Gallbladder Tuberculosis Presenting as Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Varshney Bharti , Elhence Poonam , Soni Subhash , Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Yadav Taruna , Saha Souvik
Published: June 2020

Isolated gallbladder tuberculosis is a rare entity, even in endemic zones. Preoperative diagnosis is usually not possible, with most of the cases being diagnosed either as cholecystitis or malignancy. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen clinches the diagnosis. We present a middle-aged man with obstructive jaundice who was diagnosed to have gallbladder malignancy clinically and radiologically and on microscopy, and was diagnosed as gallbladder tuberculosis with the involvement of the common bile duct.
MUTLULUK-DAVRANIŞ MODELİ: TÜKETİCİLERİN MENTAL İYİ OLUŞ HÂLİNİN ONLİNE FİİLİ SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇELİK Zübeyir , DÜLEK Bulut
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, mental iyi oluş hâlinin online fiili satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkisi ve online alışverişin algılanan faydası ve algılanan zevkinin aracı rolü incelenmiştir. Anket yöntemi ile veriler 239 katılımcıdan elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi SPSS 18 ve LISREL 8.70 paket programları ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, mental iyi oluş hâlinin, online alışverişin algılanan faydası ve algılanan zevki üzerinde doğrudan olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak, çalışma sonucuna göre, online alışverişin algılanan faydası, mental iyi oluş hâlinin online fiili satın alma davranışı üzerindeki dolaylı olumlu etkisine aracılık etmektedir.
AN ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE CHOICE OF INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE DYAK-MADURESE COUPLES
Authors: Sari Riski Amrina
Published: June 2020

This research explained the choice of language for Dyak-Madurese couples with interethnic marriage. In this research there are the aims of the research, this research aims to investigate the language choice used by interethnic marriage Dyak-Madurese families and to investigate the factors affecting language choice of interethnic marriage Dyak-Madurese couples. The method of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The researcher selected three families of Dyak-Madurese interethnic marriage as participants to achieve the aim of the research. The data were obtained by observing and interviewing. The results of this research have shown that interethnic marriage families Dyak-Madurese prefer the Indonesia language as their first language and are commonly used in everyday contact at the home domain. This research found that the children of the third family preferred a different language when interacting with their father, he preferred the Madura language, but he also uses the Indonesia language when communicating with his parents. The finding also showed that interethnic marriage Dyak-Madurese families use the Indonesia language in another domain such as neighborhood domain and with friends. The research also found that the children of the first and second families from interethnic marriage families were unable to speak the ethnic language, it has caused the younger children not to be taught the ethnic language. The children of the third family can speak Madura language because the father taught him the Madura language. In data there are three factors affecting language choice in interethnic marriage Dyak-Madurese couples, they are the participant, social context, the function of the language. Based on the research the interethnic marriage Dyak-Madurese families show a negative attitude toward their ethnic language, but the father of the third family has a positive attitude.
MORAL VALUES IN HAYAO MIYAZAKI’S SPIRITED AWAY: A SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE APPROACH
Authors: Noviana Fajria
Published: June 2020

Moral is what guides human to act humanly. That is why moral education should be taught as early as possible in order to make a society that upholds moral values. This paper focused on moral values of the Japanese that can be seen in Miyazaki’s anime entitled Spirited Away. The moral values discussed in this paper are based on Japanese moral education for elementary school level, which divided into four groups of desirable habits. They are matters belonging to oneself, relationship of self to other persons, matters related chiefly to nature and sublime things, and matters concerning the group and society. The determination of this level is due to the behavior of the main character named Chihiro who was an elementary school student, which is used as a guide to discussing moral values consisted in the anime. The conclusion is that the Japanese government has succeeded in giving moral education in elementary school, at least in this anime. Chihiro's actions are proof that she acts and reacts as what she taught in Japanese elementary school. She did exactly the same with recommended traits in the four groups of desirable habits, although she sometimes broke the rules which was natural for human being, especially for kids. Therefore, we can say that well-structured Japanese moral education can be used in much wider place; not only in Japan but also in other countries.
AN INDICATOR CONCEPT FOR MEASURING THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN KAMPUNG KOTA COMMUNITIES IN THE “SMART CITY”
Authors: Priambudi Bagus Nuari
Published: June 2020

Kampung Kota is the beginning of the city development with all important aspects and has a special regional characteristic. The sustainability of Kampung Kota is affected by physical development around it. The concept of Semarang city development is in line with the concept of smart cities that trending now. One aspect that a city considers being a Smart City is the quality of life. The study of QoL (Quality of Life) has been increasing and has greatly developed in recent years, especially in large cities throughout the country. But it is not yet reviewed for the indicator concept that used as a measure of the quality of life in Kampung Kota communities. In fact, the problems related to the quality of life of the community is so complex. The research aims to study the indicator to measure the quality of life of the community. The method used in this study is quantitative deductive. The study consists of several stages: (1) content validity study, (2) face validity, (3) test reliability and validity; (4) analysis and conclusions. The results show 5 indicators that can be used as a measure of the quality of life of the people of Kampung Kota in Semarang. The indicators of the physic environmental aspects are safety, comfort, and the roles of the Neighborhood Association (RT/ RW). The indicators of the socio-economic and health aspects are income, environmental health, and availability of public spaces.
LEGALITAS DAN PRAKTEK PERENCANAAN TATA RUANG INDUSTRI SHIPYARD PADA SEMPADAN PANTAI DI SAGULUNG, BATAM
Authors: Suryahusada Agung Adji Santosa , Wijaya Holi Bina
Published: June 2020

Legalitas lahan mencakup kesesuaian lahan dengan rencana tata ruang, terdapatnya IMB dan regulasi yang sah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui legalitas industri galangan kapal pada sempadan pantai dan bagaimana praktek perencanaan pembangunan tata ruang yang sebenarnya terjadi di Sagulung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan kajian dokumen. Wawancara dilakukan dengan teknik Purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa legalitas industri dapat berubah sesuai dengan rezim politis dan pelaksanaan rencana tata ruang pada kenyataannya tidak sederhana. Praktek perencanaan tata ruang di Batam sangat dipengaruhi oleh rezim politis yang terjadi pada masa itu. Pada periode 1991-2007 (Orde Baru) tidak ada pihak yang mengkoordinasi terkait tumpang tindih aturan tata ruang. Tindakan koordinasi dilakukan ketika rezim Demokrasi (2008-sekarang) Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan tindakan paduserasi oleh Tim Paduserasi yang bekerjasama dengan stakeholder tingkat daerah hingga pusat.
TIPOLOGI STRUKTUR SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG TRADISIONAL ATAS AIR MANGGAR DALAM PENGGUNAAN RUANG PERMUKIMAN NELAYAN
Authors: Ulimaz Mega , Jordan Nadia Almira
Published: June 2020

Kampung Atas Air Manggar merupakan salah satu permukiman tradisional yang dilindungi dan dilestarikan di Balikpapan Berdasarkan karakteristik bangunan, kegiatan perekonomian, lokasi geografis dan homogenitasnya menjadikan Kampung Atas Air Manggar memiliki kekhasan dalam struktur sosial. Lingkungan dapat mempengaruhi peluang kehidupan manusia berdasarkan jaringan sosial yang terbentuk dan yang telah terpengaruh oleh faktor spasial yang berbeda. Secara fisik, kampung ini memiliki kemiripan dengan kampung sempadan sungai yang seringkali mendapatkan julukan kampung kumuh. Akan tetapi, perbedaan kegiatan ekonomi di Kampung Atas Air Manggar yang didominasi kegiatan nelayan menjadi dasar tujuan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tipologi struktur sosial masyarakat pada Kampung Atas Air Manggar dalam penggunaan ruang permukiman nelayan. Metode yang digunakan adalah social network analysis dengan perhitungan density dan centrality. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan tingkatan density yang menunjukkan bahwa aliran informasi hanya dapat tersampaikan secara langsung dengan cepat pada kurang dari 20% pada tingkat RT. Peranan tokoh sentral memberikan pengaruh dalam aliran informasi sebagai salah satu unsur modal sosial. Tipologi jaringan sosial yang tergolong rendah juga dapat dilihat pada penggunaan ruang permukiman yang  didominasi oleh aktivitas rutin nelayan, pedagang, dan warga. Aktivitas pilihan dan aktivitas sosial bersifat terbatas, serta dipengaruhi oleh ikatan hubungan jaringan sosial yang rendah .
PEMBENTUKAN COMPACTNESS DI KAWASAN KAMPUS: STUDI KASUS KAWASAN UNIVERSITAS AMIKOM YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Kartikakirana Renindya Azizza
Published: June 2020

Keberadaan fasilitas pendidikan berdasarkan aspek perencanaan wilayah dan kota memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan kawasan ataupun wilayah.  Fasilitas pendidikan tersebut memicu munculnya permukiman di sekitarnya. Pada umumnya mahasiswa lebih memilih untuk bertempat tinggal di sekitar kampus untuk memudahkan pergi ke kampus. Ini memicu munculnya area permukiman di sekitar kampus berupa rumah indekos (rumah kos). Aktivitas bermukim dan pendidikan tersebut mendorong munculnya aktivitas-aktivitas lain seperti perdagangan, dan perkantoran. Hal ini menjelaskan bagaimana suatu kekompakan itu muncul pada lingkup kawasan kampus. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menemukan atribut compactness di kawasan kampus dan menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan compactness di kawasan kampus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan deduktif-kuantitatif-kualitatif. Kepadatan kawasan, kesatuan aktivitas, perjalanan dengan berjalan kaki, interaksi sosial dan ekonomi merupakan sifat-sifat dari konsep compact (compactness) yang terbentuk di kawasan ini. Faktor-faktor yang mendorong terbentuknya compactness di kawasan ini yaitu keberadaan Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta, pemadatan kawasan, kemauan berjalan kaki, dan interaksi antar penghuni kawasan.
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY IN SAFEGUARDING THE HISTORY OF DENPASAR
Authors: Siwalatri Ni Ketut Ayu
Published: June 2020

Denpasar has a variety of heritage assets that are still used by the people. Living Culture or intangible cultural heritage refers to the practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, and skills owned by the local community. Globalization and information technology are factors that influence people to change and reinterpret their traditions that have been carried out for generations. This paper aims to explore the role and rights of the community in safeguarding their architecture and the built environment. From this study can be concluded that the changes made to the architecture and built environment are mostly carried out by following the current trends as a representation of the economic capacity of the owner and sometimes ignoring the rules and knowledge/tatwa and norm/susila that were previously used by the community for the spatial arrangement of their environment. In the past, knowledge was possessed by Brahmins in the power of the king, and the people only carry out traditions with little knowledge of the meaning contained in it. The knowledge stored in artifacts needs to be socialized or published so the changes made are still rooted in the local cultural character and can maintain the identity of the city of Denpasar.
Modulatory-antibiotic activity of the essential oil from Eucalyptus citriodora against MDR bacterial strains
Authors: Pinheiro Raizza Eveline E. , Chaves Thiago P. , Melo Eveny S. , Ali Sultan , Ali Shinawar Waseem , Umer Muhammad , Gama Gil Sander P. , Lira Dalliane N. S. , Souza Joào Sammy N. , Soares Maria José dos S. , Santos André de Souza , Mota Rinaldo Aparecido , Freitas Priscilla Ramos , Afzal Muhammad Inam , Salehi Bahare , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo , Setzer William N. , Imran Muhammad , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: June 2020

The growing number of bacterial strains resistant to therapeutic agents has been surpassing the various antibiotics developed by the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This problem has driven the development of research using agents with antimicrobial potential, with an emphasis on plant-derived natural products. This study evaluated the chemical compounds present in Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil (EOEc) cultivated in northeastern Brazil and its properties as an antibacterial agent and resistance modifier against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Î²-lactamase-producing strains. The EOEc was obtained using the hydrodistillation method, later analyzed by GC/MS, presenting a total of twelve compounds, with citronellal (65.45%); citronellol (14.87%); isopulegol (11.80%) and citronellyl acetate (2.51%) as its main constituents. The microdilution test was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the bacterial resistance modulation of the essential oil. The EOEc did not present significant activity against the tested strains (MIC > 1000 µg mL-1). However, when evaluating the capacity of the EOEc to modify the resistance of S. aureus and E. coli strains to different antimicrobials, synergistic effects were obtained with reduced MIC values for all tested antibiotics being obtained. The EOEc showed antimicrobial and Î²-lactam optimizing potential against resistant strains, presenting itself as a possible alternative for the use of these drugs at concentrations lower than those indicated against resistant strains.
Xanthan gum in drug release
Authors: Cortes Hernán , Caballero-Florán Isaac H. , Mendoza-Muñoz Néstor , Escutia-Guadarrama Lidia , Figueroa-González Gabriela , Reyes-Hernández Octavio D. , González-Del Carmen Manuel , Varela-Cardoso Miguel , González-Torres Maykel , Florán Benjamí­n , Del Prado-Audelo Marí­a L. , Leyva-Gómez Gerardo
Published: June 2020

Controlled release is of vital relevance for many drugs; thus, there is a keen interest in materials that can improve the release profiles of formulations administered via buccal, transdermal, ophthalmic, vaginal, and nasal. The desirable effects of those materials include the improvement of stability, adhesiveness, solubility, and retention time. Hence, different synthetic and natural polymers are utilized to achieve these objectives. In this respect, xanthan gum is an anionic polysaccharide that can be obtained from Xanthomonas bacteria. It is a natural polymer broadly employed in numerous food products, lotions, shampoos, and dermatological articles. Furthermore, due to its physicochemical features, xanthan gum is growingly utilized for the development and improvement of drug delivery systems. In this regard, encouraging findings have been revealed by recent formulations for pharmaceutical applications, including antiviral carriers, antibacterial transporters, transdermal patches, vaginal formulations, and anticancer medications. In this article, we perform a concise description of the chemical properties of xanthan gum and its role as a modifier of drug release. Furthermore, we present an outlook of the state of the art of research focused on the utilization of xanthan gum in varied pharmaceutical formulations, which include tablets, films, hydrogels, and nanoformulations. Finally, we discuss some perspectives about the use of xanthan gum in these formulations.
Plant-food-derived bioactives: Key health benefits and current nanosystems as a strategy to enhance their bioavailability
Authors: Salehi Bahare , Rodrigues Célia F. , Can Karaca Aslı , Gülseren Gözde , Åženol Ezgi , Demircan Evren , í–zçelik Beraat , Tutuncu Sena , Sharopov Farukh , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Maroyi Alfred , Martins Natália
Published: June 2020

Natural products interest is gradually increasing worldwide. Plant-food-derived bioactives have a long history of use as a good source of ingredients for valuable medical usages. Plant-based foods consist of micro and macronutrients, and bioactive components, with health-promoting benefits. The handling of complex mixtures of plants has been methodically switched by therapies using a single isolated substance. The delivery of bioactive molecules in nanosystems is enhancing their bioavailability, it is much safer and cost-effective. However, there are many challenges in combining bioactive substances in nanocarrier materials. A discussion related with nanocarriers will be done in this review.
Ascorbic acid antagonizes the sedative effect of diazepam possibly through inhibition of GABA(AÏâ‚) and GABA(B1) receptors
Authors: Islam Muhammad Torequl , Molla Shamim , Zihad S. M. Neamul Kabir , Umer Muhammad , Rahman Md. Shamim , Zaman Farhana , Das Apu Kumar , Afzal Muhammad Inam , Salehi Bahare , Akter Mst. Shahina , Mubarak Mohammad S. , Martins Natália , Imran Muhammad , Chaudhary Neelam , Iqbal Zafar , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: June 2020

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors belong to a ligand-gated ion channels family and are markedly expressed at the axon terminals of retinal bipolar cells. Ascorbic acid (AA), a known and vital antioxidant in the brain can modulate GABA receptors. We postulate that AA would antagonize benzodiazepines' effect via GABA receptor(s) interacting pathway. Here, we evaluated the modulatory sedative effect of AA on diazepam (DZP)'s anxiolytic effects in Swiss albino mice. The anxiolytic study was accomplished by using open-field, hole-board, and by swing and light-dark tests taking DZP as a standard anxiolytic drug. To understand the possible modulatory effects of AA, animals were co-administered with AA and DZP and/or its antagonist flumazenil (FLU). Additionally, an in-silico study was undertaken against GABA(A1), GABA(B1), and GABA(AÏâ‚) receptors. Data suggest that AA at 25 mg/kg (i.p.) increased (p<0.05) the number of field cross, rearing, number of hole cross, and swing and residence, while decreased grooming and dark residence parameters as compared to the control and DZP groups. In addition, AA and/or FLU combined with DZP (2 mg/kg, i.p.) reversed DZP-mediated sedative effects in mice. Results from in silico study suggest that AA has good interactions with GABA(AÏâ‚) and GABA(B1) receptors. In conclusion, DZP is a GABA receptor agonist and AA may reverse DZP-mediated sedative effects in a non-competitive binding fashion in mice through inhibition of GABA(AÏâ‚) and GABA(B1) receptors.
Biological activities and health-promoting effects of Pyracantha genus: a key approach to the phytochemical's potential
Authors: Sharifi-Rad Javad , Taheri Yasaman , Ayatollahi Seyed Abdulmajid , Naderi Nima , Kumar Nanjangud Venaktesh Anil , Koirala Niranjan , Khadka Sujan , Karazhan Natallia , Shahinozzaman Md , Sen Surjit , Acharya Krishnendu , Dey Abhijit , Martorell Miquel , Martins Natália
Published: June 2020

Pyracantha spp. are commonly called firethorn, and attract human attention due to their colorful berries. These berries are eaten globally as a traditional remedy for treating different stomach abnormalities, and as a cooking ingredient for folk diets. The present review aims to provide an overview on Pyracantha genus' geographical distribution and botanical description, traditional uses, phytochemical composition, biological activities and safety issues. Several biological activities have been reported to Pyracantha species, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, larvicidal and cytotoxic properties, most of them attributed to the use of their fruits. Pyracantha species phytochemical composition reveal the presence of interesting bioactive molecules, such as pyracrenic acid and fortuneanosides. The currently reported biological activities to these plants derive from in vitro and in vivo studies, so that clinical trials are needed to confirm these preclinical results. Nonetheless, Pyracantha species can be suggested as a safe herb useful to develop future drug formulations and functional foods.
Birth of Semantics
Authors: Heck Richard Kimberly , May Robert C.
Published: June 2020

We attempt here to trace the evolution of Frege’s thought about truth. What most frames the way we approach the problem is a recognition that hardly any of Frege’s most familiar claims about truth appear in his earliest work. We argue that Frege’s mature views about truth emerge from a fundamental re-thinking of the nature of logic instigated, in large part, by a sustained engagement with the work of George Boole and his followers, after the publication of Begriffsschrift and the appearance of critical reviews by members of the Boolean school.
The Art of Adaptation: Globalization and the European Model
Authors: Eichengreen Barry
Published: June 2020

However well the European economy may have performed in the past, there are reasons to worry about whether it can keep pace in a world of accelerating technical change and global competition led by the rise of India and China.