bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes induce apoptosis and suppress EMT signaling in cervical cancer cells as an effective drug carrier system of paclitaxel
Authors: Abas Burcin Irem , Demirbolat Gulen Melike , Cevik Ozge
Published: September 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained and multiplied from various sources and have a very high capacity to release exosomes. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles containing biological signaling molecules. This study aimed to determine the effect of MSC-derived exosomes as a drug delivery system for paclitaxel in cervical cancer cells. In this study, human MSC were isolated from wharton jelly of umbilical cord tissue (WJ-MSC), and cells were characterized by CD44, CD90, CD105, and CD34 staining. Exosomes were released in WJ-MSC cells with serum-starved conditions for 48 hours, and particle sizes and structures were examined with zeta-sizer and TEM. In addition, exosomes CD9, CD63, and CD81 markers were checked by western blot. Paclitaxel was loaded into exosomes (Exo-PAC) by electroporation and then incubated with Hela cervical cancer cells for 24 hours. TGF-β, SMAD, Snail, Slug, β-catenin, Notch, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2 protein and gene expression levels were analyzed in Hela cells. As a result, low concentration Exo-PAC induced apoptosis, and suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition proteins in Hela cells. In this study, it has been demonstrated that WJ-MSCs can be used as drug delivery systems for cervical cancer if exosomes are produced scalably in the future.
Internal plication for spring confinement to lengthen intestine in a porcine model
Authors: Rafeeqi Talha A. , Thomas Anne-Laure , Salimi-Jazi Fereshteh , Diyaolu Modupeola , Dunn James C. Y.
Published: September 2022

Background

Short bowel syndrome and its resultant nutritional deficiencies are the most common cause of intestinal failure. Significant intestinal lengthening using intraluminal springs is feasible in porcine models using an external plication technique. We hypothesize that an internal plication technique will yield significant intestinal lengthening, which may lead to future endoscopic spring placement.

Methods

Uncompressed springs measuring 7.5 cm with a diameter of 1.0 cm were compressed to 2.0 cm. A gelatin-encapsulated compressed nitinol spring was inserted into the jejunal lumen of juvenile pigs and held in place with endoluminal sutures just proximal and distal to the spring-containing segment. A control segment distal to the spring was marked. Pigs were euthanized on postoperative day 7. Spring and control segments were collected for analyses.

Results

There was an average lengthening by 72% of the spring segment compared to the control segment. Two out of 7 springs stayed within both sets of plications and doubled in length. Histology showed normal mucosal integrity of the spring segment and plicated areas with similar muscular thickness but increased crypt depth and villus length compared to the control segment.

Conclusion

Internal plication resulted in significant bowel lengthening. Five springs had slipped through proximal, distal or both sets of plications, resulting in less lengthening than those that remained fixed. A more consistent methodology for endoluminal suturing is needed to produce more lengthening.
Identification of quantitative trait loci for survival in the mutant dynactin p150Glued mouse model of motor neuron disease
Authors: Alexander Guillermo M. , Heiman-Patterson Terry D. , Bearoff Frank , Sher Roger B. , Hennessy Laura , Terek Shannon , Caccavo Nicole , Cox Gregory A. , Philip Vivek M. , Blankenhorn Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common degenerative motor neuron disorder. Although most cases of ALS are sporadic, 5–10% of cases are familial, with mutations associated with over 40 genes. There is variation of ALS symptoms within families carrying the same mutation; the disease may develop in one sibling and not in another despite the presence of the mutation in both. Although the cause of this phenotypic variation is unknown, it is likely related to genetic modifiers of disease expression. The identification of ALS causing genes has led to the development of transgenic mouse models of motor neuron disease. Similar to families with familial ALS, there are background-dependent differences in disease phenotype in transgenic mouse models of ALS suggesting that, as in human ALS, differences in phenotype may be ascribed to genetic modifiers. These genetic modifiers may not cause ALS rather their expression either exacerbates or ameliorates the effect of the mutant ALS causing genes. We have reported that in both the G93A-hSOD1 and G59S-hDCTN1 mouse models, SJL mice demonstrated a more severe phenotype than C57BL6 mice. From reciprocal intercrosses between G93A-hSOD1 transgenic mice on SJL and C57BL6 strains, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on mouse chromosome 17 that results in a significant shift in lifespan. In this study we generated reciprocal intercrosses between transgenic G59S-hDCTN1 mice on SJL and C57BL6 strains and identified survival QTLs on mouse chromosomes 17 and 18. The chromosome 17 survival QTL on G93A-hSOD1 and G59S-hDCTN1 mice partly overlap, suggesting that the genetic modifiers located in this region may be shared by these two ALS models despite the fact that motor neuron degeneration is caused by mutations in different proteins. The overlapping region contains eighty-seven genes with non-synonymous variations predicted to be deleterious and/or damaging. Two genes in this segment, NOTCH3 and Safb/SAFB1, have been associated with motor neuron disease. The identification of genetic modifiers of motor neuron disease, especially those modifiers that are shared by SOD1 and dynactin-1 transgenic mice, may result in the identification of novel targets for therapies that can alter the course of this devastating illness.
A comprehensive procedure to develop water quality index: A case study to the Huong river in Thua Thien Hue province, Central Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Van Hop , Nguyen Viet Hung , Truong Trung Kien , Nguyen Hai Phong , Nguyen Dang Giang Chau
Published: September 2022

This work proposed a novel procedure of Water Quality Index (WQI) development that could be used for practical applications on a local or regional scale, based on available monitoring data. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the monthly data of 11 water quality parameters (pH, conductivity (EC), total suspended solid (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), five -day biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia (N-NH4), nitrate (N-NO3), phosphate (P-PO4), total coliform, and total dissolved iron monitored at 11 sites at Huong river in the years 2014–2016. From the PCA, the three extracted principal components explained 67% of the total variance of original variables. From the set of communality values, the weight (wi) for each parameter was determined. Linear sub-index functions were established based on the permissible limits from the National Technical Regulations on Surface Water Quality set up by the Vietnam Environment Agency (VEA) to derive the sub-index (qi) for each parameter. The multiplicative formula that is the product of the sub-indices (qi) raised to the respective weights (wi), was used for calculation of the final WQI values. The proposed index (WQI) was then applied to the river with quarterly data of the 11 parameters monitored at ten sites in the years 2017–2020. The WQI representatively reflected the actual status of the river overall water quality, of which 97.8% of the WQI values belonged to grades of EXCELLENT and GOOD, and 2.2% of grade MODERATE. Comparison between the river water quality evaluations resulting from the developed WQI with the WQI adopted by National Sanitation Foundation (NSF-WQI) and the index issued by Vietnam Environment Agency (VN-WQI) indicated that the proposed WQI was more suitable for river quality assessment.
Frequently used antiemetic agent dexamethasone enhances the metastatic behaviour of select breast cancer cells
Authors: Crozier Martin , Tubman Janice , Fifield Bre-Anne , Ferraiuolo Rosa-Maria , Ritchie Jenna , Zuccato Katie , Mailloux Emily , Sinha Indrajit , Hamm Caroline , Porter Lisa A.
Published: September 2022

Glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone (Dex), are used to prevent common side effects induced by chemotherapy and are heavily prescribed for solid cancers such as breast cancer. There is substantial pre-clinical data to support that Dex activation of the glucocorticoid receptor overrides chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. These findings are compounded by a recent study demonstrating that increased glucocorticoid receptor activation by endogenous stress hormones increased breast cancer heterogeneity and metastasis. Our study is the first to use both in vitro and in vivo models to thoroughly compare the Dex response on the migration of multiple estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and ER+ cancer cell lines. ER+ and ER- breast cancer cell lines were studied to compare their endogenous glucocorticoid activity as well as their metastatic ability in response to Dex treatment. We show that in the ER- breast cancer lines, Dex increases cell numbers, invasiveness, and migration, while decreasing apoptotic ability. Furthermore, we show that following Dex treatment, ER- breast cancer lines migrate further in an in vivo zebrafish model in comparison to ER+ cell lines. The use of ROR1 antibody to block WNT signaling diminished the metastatic properties of ER- cells, however recombinant WNT5A alone was not sufficient to induce migration. Taken together, we demonstrate that Dex treatment exacerbates the metastatic potential of ER- but not ER+ cells. These findings add to the growing body of data stressing the potential adverse role of endogenous and synthetic glucocorticoids in breast cancer biology.
Single domain antibodies against enteric pathogen virulence factors are active as curli fiber fusions on probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917
Authors: Gelfat Ilia , Aqeel Yousuf , Tremblay Jacqueline M. , Jaskiewicz Justyna J. , Shrestha Anishma , Lee James N. , Hu Shenglan , Qian Xi , Magoun Loranne , Sheoran Abhineet , Bedenice Daniela , Giem Colter , Manjula-Basavanna Avinash , Pulsifer Amanda R. , Tu Hann X. , Li Xiaoli , Minus Marilyn L. , Osburne Marcia S. , Tzipori Saul , Shoemaker Charles B. , Leong John M. , Joshi Neel S.
Published: September 2022

Enteric microbial pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Shigella and Cryptosporidium species, take a particularly heavy toll in low-income countries and are highly associated with infant mortality. We describe here a means to display anti-infective agents on the surface of a probiotic bacterium. Because of their stability and versatility, VHHs, the variable domains of camelid heavy-chain-only antibodies, have potential as components of novel agents to treat or prevent enteric infectious disease. We isolated and characterized VHHs targeting several enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) virulence factors: flagellin (Fla), which is required for bacterial motility and promotes colonization; both intimin and the translocated intimin receptor (Tir), which together play key roles in attachment to enterocytes; and E. coli secreted protein A (EspA), an essential component of the type III secretion system (T3SS) that is required for virulence. Several VHHs that recognize Fla, intimin, or Tir blocked function in vitro. The probiotic strain E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) produces on the bacterial surface curli fibers, which are the major proteinaceous component of E. coli biofilms. A subset of Fla-, intimin-, or Tir-binding VHHs, as well as VHHs that recognize either a T3SS of another important bacterial pathogen (Shigella flexneri), a soluble bacterial toxin (Shiga toxin or Clostridioides difficile toxin TcdA), or a major surface antigen of an important eukaryotic pathogen (Cryptosporidium parvum) were fused to CsgA, the major curli fiber subunit. Scanning electron micrographs indicated CsgA-VHH fusions were assembled into curli fibers on the EcN surface, and Congo Red binding indicated that these recombinant curli fibers were produced at high levels. Ectopic production of these VHHs conferred on EcN the cognate binding activity and, in the case of anti-Shiga toxin, was neutralizing. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of the curli-based pathogen sequestration strategy described herein and contribute to the development of novel VHH-based gut therapeutics.
A tRNA-derived fragment present in E. coli OMVs regulates host cell gene expression and proliferation
Authors: Diallo Idrissa , Ho Jeffrey , Lambert Marine , Benmoussa Abderrahim , Husseini Zeinab , Lalaouna David , Massé Eric , Provost Patrick
Published: September 2022

RNA-sequencing has led to a spectacular increase in the repertoire of bacterial sRNAs and improved our understanding of their biological functions. Bacterial sRNAs have also been found in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), raising questions about their potential involvement in bacteria-host relationship, but few studies have documented this issue. Recent RNA-Sequencing analyses of bacterial RNA unveiled the existence of abundant very small RNAs (vsRNAs) shorter than 16 nt. These especially include tRNA fragments (tRFs) that are selectively loaded in OMVs and are predicted to target host mRNAs. Here, inEscherichia coli(E.coli), we report the existence of an abundant vsRNA, Ile-tRF-5X, which is selectively modulated by environmental stress, while remaining unaffected by inhibition of transcription or translation. Ile-tRF-5X is released through OMVs and can be transferred to human HCT116 cells, where it promoted MAP3K4 expression. Our findings provide a novel perspective and paradigm on the existing symbiosis between bacteria and human cells.
Vimentin inhibits α-tubulin acetylation via enhancing α-TAT1 degradation to suppress the replication of human parainfluenza virus type 3
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Zhang Shengwei , Ma Jingyi , Jin Dongning , Qin Yali , Chen Mingzhou
Published: September 2022

We previously found that, among human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) proteins, the interaction of nucleoprotein (N) and phosphoprotein (P) provides the minimal requirement for the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs), which are sites of RNA synthesis, and that acetylated α-tubulin enhances IB fusion and viral replication. In this study, using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry assays, we determined that vimentin (VIM) specifically interacted with the N–P complex of HPIV3, and that the head domain of VIM was responsible for this interaction, contributing to the inhibition of IB fusion and viral replication. Furthermore, we found that VIM promoted the degradation of α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (α-TAT1), through its head region, thereby inhibiting the acetylation of α-tubulin, IB fusion, and viral replication. In addition, we identified a 20-amino-acid peptide derived from the head region of VIM that participated in the interaction with the N–P complex and inhibited viral replication. Our findings suggest that VIM inhibits the formation of HPIV3 IBs by downregulating α-tubulin acetylation via enhancing the degradation of α-TAT1. Our work sheds light on a new mechanism by which VIM suppresses HPIV3 replication.
Iron status and developmental delay among children aged 24–36 months
Authors: Ferdi Jessica , Bardosono Saptawati , Medise Bernie Endyarni
Published: September 2022

Background Optimal child development is needed for adequate learning. Children, particularly toddlers, require iron for brain development, and consequently, overall development. Objective To analyze for an association between iron status and developmental status in children aged 24–36 months. Methods This explorative cross-sectional study was held in Kampung Melayu, Jakarta. Subjects were recruited using a total population sampling method. Data were collected through interview with parents, anthropometric examinations, and blood tests. Developmental status was determined using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) and iron status was based on ferritin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and hemoglobin levels. Data analyses included Chi-square/Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney, and logistic regression tests. Results Of 80 subjects, 17.5% had developmental delay and 41.3% had deficient iron status. There was no significant association between iron status and developmental status in bivariate analysis, but the logistic regression analysis revealed that iron status (OR=6.9; 95%CI 1.328 to 35.633; P=0.022) and nutritional status (OR=11.75; 95%CI 1.551 to 88.979; P=0.017) contributed to developmental delay. Conclusion Better iron status and nutritional status are associated with better child development of children aged 24–36 months. So efforts are needed to maintain iron status as well as nutritional status.
Mean platelet volume and immature platelet fraction as predictors of early onset neonatal sepsis risk in neonates of 28-36 weeks gestational age
Authors: Septiane Indah , Kadi Fiva Aprilia , Yuniati Tetty , Surtiretna Nina , Primadi Aris
Published: September 2022

Background Early onset neonatal sepsis is a potential life-threatening problem for preterm infant. Diagnosing early onset neonatal sepsis is challenging. Difficulties in establishing diagnosis might cause delay definitive treatment.

Objective To analyze for potential associations between early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) risk and mean platelet volume (MPV) as well as immature platelet fraction (IPF) in neonates of 28-36 weeks gestational age.

Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and IPF were evaluated in the first ?6 hours of life and during the 48-72 hours after the first examination. This examination was followed by observation for sepsis development. Double logistic regression analysis was used.

Results Of 115 subjects, 45 preterm infants (39.1%) developed early onset neonatal sepsis. The increase in both mean MPV and mean IPF were significantly different (P<0.05). Double logistic regression analysis revealed that an increase in mean MPV (ORadj=6.14; 95%CI 1.99 to 18.96; P=0.002) and mean IPF (ORadj=6.56; 95%CI 2.64 to 16.34; P<0.001) were significantly associated with increased risk of sepsis.

Conclusion The MPV and IPF increase are associated with greater incidence of EONS in preterm infants.
A comparison of objective and subjective measurements of non-nutritive sucking in preterm infants
Authors: Wahyuni Luh Karunia , Mangunatmadja Irawan , Kaban Risma Kerina , Rachmawati Elvie Zulka Kautzia , Harini Melinda , Laksmitasari Budiati , Geraldyne Agatha , Sangwidjojo Inez Ayuwibowo , Utami Dini Prima , Poernomo Victor Prasetyo , Sudjono Adrian Prasetya
Published: September 2022

Background Of preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation, 40-70% have atypical and immature feeding skills, which could delay initiation of oral feeding. A formal objective measurement of non-nutritive sucking may increase the accuracy of determining the right time to initiate oral feeding, however, most hospital perinatology care units do not own a suction pressure measurement device to objectively measure non-nutritive sucking parameters.

Objective To compare objective and subjective non-nutritive sucking (NNS) based on sucking pressure, number of suctions per burst, and time between bursts.

Methods One hundred twenty preterm infants born at 28-34 weeks’ gestation were evaluated for objective and subjective NNS. Data were collected from August to November 2021 at five hospitals in Jakarta. Objective NNS was measured by a suction pressure measurement device, while subjective NNS was clinically examined. Number of suctions per burst, sucking pressure, and time between bursts were analysed by Spearman’s correlation test.

Results A positive and significant correlation between objective and subjective NNS was found in all parameters (P<0.001). The highest correlation was found in time between bursts (r=0.74; P<0.001), followed by number of suctions per burst (r=0.60; P<0.001), and sucking pressure (r=0.58; P<0.001).

Conclusion The correlation between objective and subjective NNS examination was moderate in preterm infants. Therefore, an objective NNS measurement is still required for optimizing the examination.
Estimating running safety factor of ballastless railway bridges using tail modelling
Authors: Allahvirdizadeh Reza , Andersson Andreas , Karoumi Raid
Published: September 2022

Excessive vertical acceleration of ballastless railway bridges subjected to vibrations induced by passing trains is one of the governing design criteria for bridges in high-speed lines. However, to the authors’ knowledge, the corresponding design limit is not based on a solid theoretical or experimental background. Moreover, the traditionally applied safety factor also suffers from these concerns. Therefore, in the present study, a crude probabilistic approach is adopted to evaluate the consistency and reliability of this safety factor. For this purpose, deterministically designed bridges (using conventional methods) with short to medium spans are considered. Then, their reliability is evaluated using simulation-based techniques and extreme value theory, i.e., tail approximation. Then, the existing safety factor is calculated to evaluate the consistency of the current approaches, and possible new values are proposed based on the desired target reliabilities.
Artificial intelligence - finite element method - hybrids for efficient nonlinear analysis of concrete structures
Authors: Kraus Michael A. , Bischof Rafael , Kaufmann Walter , Thoma Karel
Published: September 2022

Realistic structural analyses and optimisations using the non-linear finite element method are possible today yet suffer from being very time-consuming, particularly in case of reinforced concrete plates and shells. Hence such investigations are currently dismissed in the vast majority of cases in practice. The "Artificial Intelligence - Finite Element - Hybrids" project addresses the current unsatisfactory situation with an approach that combines non-linear finite element models for reinforced concrete shells with scientific machine learning algorithms to create hybrid AI-FEM models. The AI-based surrogate material model provides the material stiffness as well as the stress tensor for given concrete design parameters and the strain tensor. This paper reports on the current status of the project and findings of the calibration of the AI-based reinforced concrete material model. We successfully calibrated and evaluated k-nearest-neighbour, LGBM and ResNet algorithms and report their predictive capabilities. Finally, some light is shed on the future work of integrating the AI surrogate material models back into the finite element method in the course of the numerical analysis of reinforced concrete structures.
Reliability of existing reinforced concrete slabs exposed to punching shear
Authors: Marková Jana , Holický Milan , Jung Karel , Sýkora Miroslav
Published: September 2022

Selected standardised models for the verification of punching shear in reinforced concrete structures are applied for the probabilistic assessment of their reliability level. It appears that the models given in EN 1992-1-1 and prEN 1992-1-1 lead to more realistic estimates of the reliability level of existing reinforced concrete members with respect to punching shear than the models recommended in some national codes. The controlled perimeter has significant influence on the results and should be harmonized in prescriptive documents.
Comparison of the collapse frequency and failure probability of buildings
Authors: Proske Dirk , Schmid Michael
Published: September 2022

In a previous study, the collapse frequencies and associated mortalities of buildings were compiled based on various publications. The investigation showed a considerable scattering of collapse frequencies depending on the countries. In this paper, the collapse frequencies determined for buildings are compared with the results of probabilistic calculations. Such comparisons have already been carried out for bridges, dams, tunnels and retaining walls including the consideration of central estimators and standard deviations. In order to limit the scatter, the probabilities of failure for buildings were subdivided into the different causes of failure, and collapse frequencies were subdivided into different countries and geographical regions. Overall, the comparison shows that the probabilities of failure are on overage larger than the observed collapse frequencies. Furthermore, the comparison shows are large span, which is unusual for other types of structures. Of concern are the high observed collapse frequencies in various developing countries. Human error, lack of training, etc. are often cited as the cause. Should this correspond to the facts, the basic safety concept of modern building standards, which generally excludes human error, would only be applicable in these regions to a limited extent. However, the investigation includes some limitations, such as different safety targets in different standards and different years of constructions, which are not considered. Further work is required.
Statistical characterisation of reinforcement properties for textile-reinforced concrete: a novel approach
Authors: Ricker Marcus , Rempel Sergej , Feiri Tânia , Schulze-Ardey Jan , Hegger Josef
Published: September 2022

The potential of textile-reinforced concrete is broad: it can be used in new structures and in the retrofitting of existing structural components. Designing textile-reinforced concrete requires knowledge about the mechanical properties of different textile types. To this, a standardised tensile test for fibre strands was used. The test aims to statistically characterise two material properties needed in design: ultimate tensile strength and the modulus of elasticity. To this, the influence of length and number of fibre strands were evaluated. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength can be statistically modelled by a Gumbel distribution and the modulus of elasticity can be characterised by a Normal distribution. These findings can be used to derive appropriate partial safety factors for the design value of tensile strength using probabilistic methods, or to directly determine the failure probability of textile-reinforced concrete components.
Structural reliability of existing rc beams strengthened with UHPFRC tensile layers
Authors: Simwanda Lenganji , De Koker Nico , Viljoen Celeste , Babafemi Adewumi John
Published: September 2022

A methodology for reliability analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with ultra high-performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) tensile layers is presented. The proposed methodology includes stochastic stress-block analysis of a section, assuming a perfect bond between the RC beam and the UHPFRC layer. Annual reliability analysis of the RC beam before and after the strengthening operation is conducted. Deterioration induced by chloride corrosion is incorporated into the analysis via a chloride induced corrosion model based on Fick’s law of diffusion and described stochastically to account for the epistemic uncertainty in the time to corrosion initiation and rate of corrosion. A plot for determining the required thickness of the UHPFRC tensile layer to upgrade to the required reliability level is also given, considering the time from construction to when the strengthening operation is conducted. The proposed approach is easy to apply for routine practice.
Effect of decision parameter efficiency on target reliability
Authors: Way Andrew , De Koker Nico , Viljoen Celeste
Published: September 2022

Target reliability forms the basis of most modern design standards and is intended to represent an optimal balance of safety and risk of failure. Previous research noted discrepancies between target reliability obtained using generic and case-specific cost optimization for SLS cases. The source of the discrepancies was identified as the efficiency of the decision parameter at increasing reliability. This research extends the investigation to cases of ULS failures and found similar discrepancies. Generic cost optimization assumes a linear dependence between the decision parameter and the structural resistance. Where the dependence of resistance on the decision parameter is superlinear, the generic was found to under-predict target reliability by up to 15%. A factor is proposed to adjust generically-obtained ULS target reliability to be more appropriate to specific ULS cases. The factor accounts for the efficiency of the decision parameter, the case-specific cost of safety and parameter variation. The adjustment factor represents a first step towards mapping generic to case-specific target reliability in the ideal of promoting safer and more cost-effective structures.
Experience in using teriparatide for the treatment of postoperative hypoparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Eremkina A. K. , Gorbacheva A. M. , Enenko V. A. , Litvinova E. E. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: September 2022

The frequency of chronic postoperative hypoparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy for secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage renal failure, according to various authors, can reach 20% or more. Prescribing active metabolites of vitamin D and calcium it is not always sufficient for achievement of target goals. This dictates the need for replacement therapy with recombinant parathyroid hormone. Teriparatide is the only drug of this series approved by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and registered in the Russian Federation. However, it is registered as an anabolic anti-osteoporotic drug and is not indicated for the treatment of chronic hypoparathyroidism. The use of teriparatide in postoperative hypoparathyroidism in patients receiving renal replacement therapy with programmed hemodialysis in the Russian Federation has not been previously studied. Data on this issue is also limited in foreign literature. However, it is a potential treatment option for hemodialysis patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism and severe bone disorders. In this article, we present 2 clinical cases of substitution and anabolic therapy with teriparatide in this cohort of patients.
Adipsic diabetes insipidus after transsphenoidal surgery for suprasellar intraventricular
Authors: Astafyeva L.  I. , Badmaeva I. N. , Sidneva Yu. G. , Klochkova I. S. , Fomichev D. V. , Chernov I. V. , Kalinin P. L.
Published: September 2022

Presented case demonstrates a rare diencephalic pathology — adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI) with severe hypernatremia in a 58-year-old woman after ttranssphenoidal removal of stalk intraventricular craniopharyngioma. ADI was diagnosed because of hypernatremia (150–155 mmol/L), polyuria (up to 4 liters per day) and absence of thirst. Normalization of water-electrolyte balance occurred on the background of desmopressin therapy and sufficient hydration in postoperative period. After release from the hospital, the patient independently stopped desmopressin therapy and did not consume an adequate amount of fluid of the background of polyuria. This led to severe hypernatremia (155–160 mmol/L) and rough mental disorders.

Patients with ADI need closely monitoring of medical condition and water-electrolyte parameters, appointment of fixed doses of desmopressin and adequate hydration.
Myokines in obese adolescents with aerobic exercise
Authors: Kasyanova Yu. V. , Vasyukova O. V. , Okorokov P. L. , Zuraeva Z. T. , Bezlepkina O. B.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Myokines are synthesized by myocytes and released into the bloodstream in response to muscle fiber contraction. They have a positive effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, muscle mass growth, osteogenesis, increase tissue sensitivity to insulin, counteract inflammation of adipose tissue. The study of their secretion in response to physical activity (FA) can help to personalize the therapy of obesity.

AIM: to study the features of the secretion of myokines in children with constitutionally exogenous obesity during physical activity of different duration and intensity and to evaluate their relationship with the parameters of the body composition.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 26 children (10 boys and 16 girls) were included in the study 15 [13; 16] years old, SDS BMI: +2.91 [2.24; 3.29], with sexual development according to Tanner 4–5. Two groups of 13 people were formed by random distribution. Group I performed FA (walking on a treadmill under the control of heart rate) of different duration: 30 and 60 minutes at the same intensity (less than 3 metabolic equivalents (MET)). Group II — FA of different intensity: low — less than 3 METH and moderate — 3–6 METH with the same duration of 45 minutes. Commercial kits for enzyme immunoassay were used to determine the level of myokines. The assessment of the compositional composition of the body was carried out by bioimpedance analysis (analyzer In Body 770, South Korea) in the morning, on an empty stomach. Statistical processing was carried out using STATISTICA v.12.0 (StatSoftInc., USA). The results are presented in the form of median (Me) and quartiles (Q1; Q3) corresponding to 25 and 75 percentiles. The critical significance level (p) was assumed to be <0.05.

RESULTS: moderate intensity FA leads to a maximum increase in the level of myokines: interleukin-6 (IL-6) by 215.7% and decorin by 34.3%, a decrease in the level of irisin by 16.5%. An hour-long low-intensity workout leads to a moderate increase in the level of IL-6 by 80.5%, to a decrease in the level of irisin by 31.1%. Myostatin increases equally both after 60-minute FA and after moderate intensity FA by 30.9% and 31.8%, respectively. Short low-intensity FA (lasting 30 minutes) it is not accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of myokines. The relationship between the amount of muscle (r=0.65), lean (r=0.62), fat-free mass (r=0.64) and the level of decorin after FA was noted. There was no statistically significant relationship between the parameters of the body composition and the levels of IL-6, myostatin, and irisin. There were no gender differences in both basal and stimulated myokine secretion.

CONCLUSION: Moderate intensity FA and low intensity 60-minute FA are most effective for obese children. A 30-minute low-intensity FN is insufficient to increase the secretion of myokines by skeletal muscles.
The Big Five Inventory-2: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Latent Profiles in a Mexican Sample
Authors:   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Anáhuac México, México, Toledo-Fernández Aldebarán , Pérez-Matus Sonia ,   Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Villalobos-Gallegos Luis ,   Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California-Tijuana, México
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The Big-Five Inventory-2 is a recently developed instrument for the measurement of personality factors and facets, with good psychometric properties cross-culturally. We examined the validity of this test, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency in a Mexican sample. We also aimed to extract latent profiles in order to identify subgroups of individuals based on personality traits. Method: We recruited a two-wave non-probabilistic sample by way of chain referral through social networks. The BFI-2 (60-items version) was administered in the first wave, and the BFI-2-XS (15-items version) in the second wave. The Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form was also administered. The baseline sample included 2,025 participants and the follow-up included 610. Results: Factor models of the BFI-2 and the BFI-2-XS evidenced satisfactory goodness-of-fit, reliability and nomological validity with demographics (e.g., higher negative emotionality in women) and with quality of life. We extracted five latent profiles from the BFI-2; those characterised by High Agreeableness/Low Open-mindedness, High Stability/Low Plasticity, and Average Stability/Plasticity, showed better quality of life. Conclusion: We recommend the use of facets, aiming to reduce measurement error. Further studies with more demographically balanced samples should be performed in order to test the replication of the latent profiles.
Izkušnje medicinskih sester z albansko govorečimi pacienti
Authors: Božič Anika , Rožnik Anet , Podlogar Andrej , Ličen Sabina , Prosen Mirko
Published: September 2022

Uvod: Medicinske sestre se pri svojem delu pogosto soočajo z jezikovnimi in kulturnimi izzivi, ki jih prinaša stik z albansko govorečimi pacienti. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti doživljanja medicinskih sester in njihove izkušnje z albansko govorečimi pacienti, raziskati morebitne težave in predlagati rešitve.Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna raziskovalna metodologija. V namenski kvotni vzorec je bilo vključenih 12 medicinskih sester, zaposlenih na primarnem in sekundarnem nivoju zdravstvene dejavnosti. Delno strukturirani intervjuji so bili opravljeni novembra 2021. Za analizo podatkov je bila uporabljena metoda vsebinske analize besedila.Rezultati: Identificirane so bile štiri tematske skupine, ki opisujejo preučevani fenomen: (1) prvi stik z albansko govorečimi pacienti, (2) značilnosti obravnave albansko govorečih pacientov, (3) načini reševanja jezikovnih preprek, (4) predlogi za razreševanje ovir pri zdravstveni obravnavi.Diskusija in zaključek: V Sloveniji je problematika albansko govorečih pacientov opazna že nekaj let, a do občutnega urejanja tega področja ne prihaja. Ugotovitve nakazujejo, da trenutno reševanje jezikovnih in kulturnih ovir po večini temelji na improvizaciji zdravstvenih delavcev, kar lahko vodi v številne napake. Nadaljnje raziskovanje bi moralo vključevati vidik albansko govorečih pacientov.
Factors that Increase and Decrease Teachers’ Motivation: The example of Gaza
Authors: MDOOKH Walaa , YILDIRIM İsa
Published: September 2022

The goal of this study is to find out the situations that motivate and demotivate teachers in their job. In this study, phenomenology, one of the qualitative research method designs, was used to reveal the factors affecting teachers' motivation. Content analysis, one of the qualitative data analysis techniques, was used to examine the acquired data. The study group consisted of (25) teachers working in primary schools in Gaza Governorate-Occupied Palestine in the academic year 2019-2020. They were selected according to the convenience sampling method. (15) extrinsic motivators, (26) intrinsic motivators, (32) extrinsic demotivators, and (3) intrinsic demotivators emerged from the analysis and interviews. The findings of the study are in line with the attribution theory of motivation, especially the dimension of locus of causality, as teachers’ motivators and demotivational factors are classified according to internal and external motivation factors. In addition, some factors can be attributed to the stability dimension, specifically the demotivational factors including the school physical environment, administrative bureaucracy, the routine of governmental organizations, weak incentives, and unstable political conditions. These factors are stable causes that influence teachers’ behaviours consistently over time. Internal motivating factors are effective in increasing motivation more than exterior motivating factors; however, the external factors are effective in decreasing the motivation of teachers more than the internal factors.
RAFT polymerization-induced self-assembly of semifluorinated liquid-crystalline block copolymers
Authors: Yang Yongqi , Yuan Zhilong , Yan Youjun , Zhang Daixin , Luo Xin , Liu Guangyao
Published: September 2022

It is a major challenge to prepare commercially viable scale semifluorinated liquid-crystalline block copolymers (SEFL-BCPs) using solution processing techniques. The technology of selectively solvating one block in a suitable solvent to realize self-assembly provides a promising route for the preparation of core-corona block polymer materials with extensive potential applications. However, considerable limitations have been discovered after much practice. BCP assemblies often require a separate synthesis step and are performed at high dilution. Herein, a one-pot approach combining polymerization-induced and crystallization-driven self-assembly (PISA-CDSA) was used to obtain well-defined, precise compositions of SEFL-BCPs. It is first synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer ethanol dispersion polymerization between 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) at a concentration up to 20% v/v. Various morphologies, including 1D fiber-like micelles, 2D lamellar structures, and fusion structures, were first observed via transmission electron microscopy. This scalable PISA-CDSA strategy is greatly expanding the morphology scope and applicability of the polymer liquid crystal materials science field.
Plea for a Simple But Radical Change in Scientific Publication: To Improve Openness, Reliability, and Reproducibility, Let’s Deposit and Validate Our Results before Writing Articles
Authors: Girault Jean-Antoine
Published: September 2022

Limited reproducibility and validity are major sources of concern in biology and other fields of science. Their origins have been extensively described and include material variability, incomplete materials and methods report, results selection, defective experimental design, lack of power, inappropriate statistics, overinterpretation, and reluctance to publish negative results. Promoting complete and accurate communication of positive and negative results is a major objective. Multiple steps in this direction are taken, but they are not sufficient and the general construction of articles has not been questioned. I propose here a simple change with a potentially strong positive impact. First, when they complete a substantial coherent set of experiments, scientists deposit their positive or negative results in a database [“deposited results,” (DRs)], including detailed materials, methods, raw data, analysis, and processed results. The DRs are technically reviewed and validated as “validated DRs” (vDRs) or rejected until satisfactory. vDR databases are open (after an embargo period if requested by the authors) and can later be updated by them or others with replications or replication failures, providing a comprehensive active log of scientific data. Articles, in this proposal, are then built as they currently are, except they only include vDRs as strong and open building blocks. I argue that this approach would increase the transparency, reproducibility, and reliability of scientific publications and have additional advantages including accurate author credit, better material for evaluation, exhaustive scientific archiving, and increased openness of life science material.
THE ANALYSIS OF METABOLIC CONTENT OF TRADITIONAL MILK COLLECTED FROM THREE REGIONS IN TURKEY BY NMR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: DAĞ Çağdaş , GÖÇENLER Oktay , TOZKOPARAN Cansu Deniz
Published: September 2022

Milk is one of the primary animal-based foods in a healthy diet which provides vitamins, fats and particularly calcium to meet the daily requirements. Currently, there are a limited number of metabolomics studies on milk and more studies are required to establish reliable international standards and databases for milk metabolite profiles. In this study, metabolite analysis of three types of UHT milk which are whole-milk, semi-skimmed and lactose-free from Türkiye was investigated by NMR, with emphasis on the differences in metabolite concentrations related to lactose and energy metabolism. In all, 31 different metabolites were successfully identified and quantified with a single NMR experiment. Most of these metabolites are involved in energy and amino acid metabolism, and these findings show that NMR can easily detect perturbations of metabolites in these relevant pathways. In this study, the lactose levels of lactose-free labelled products also were analysed and compared with international threshold levels.
Theoretical and Methodological Bases of Organization and Implementation of Educational Work in Educational Institutions of Higher Education
Authors:   Voronezh state pedagogical university, Shakurova Marina Viktorovna , Selivanova Nataliya Leonidovna ,   Institute for Strategy of Education Development of Russian Academy of Education, Romm Tatyana Alexandrovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: September 2022

Introduction to the problem. Appeal to necessity of development of bases of educational work organization in university becomes the urgent task of development of modern higher education. Despite the fact that effective, meaningful traditions of upbringing are being preserved in the activity of universities, the existing practice has serious difficulties in the integral definition of theoretical and methodological foundations of educational work in the organizations of higher education. Objective of this article. Identify and substantiate the constants in the theory and methods of organization and implementation of educational work in educational institutions of higher education. The research methodology consists of systemic, environmental, socio-cultural, personal activity, and multisubject approaches as well as complex methods of theoretical research which was applied to a wide range of researches in this field as well as to descriptions of practices (self-descriptions, information from university websites). Results of the study. On the basis of the identified theoretical positions which require conceptual clarification (the level of understanding and implementation of education in high school, goals and objectives of education, the content, the methodological support of the upbringing process) the invariant theoretical and methodological foundations of the organization of educational work in the university were determined. Methodological invariant defining initial bases for organization of upbringing work in university. Account peculiarities of growing up of the contemporary youth. Reliance on basic research in the field of education. Integration of upbringing, self-education, and professional education. Combination of national, professional and personal values of subjects of education Initiation and maintenance of the saturated life activity and personal-professional communication in the university space Transformation of the university environment and space into educational environment and educational space. Conclusion. Present active attention to upbringing and educational work in institutions of higher education and corresponding state-social expectations can encourage renovation and development of corresponding educational systems and practices only if clearly outlined and clear theoretical and methodological grounds.