bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulations of push-out tests: influence of several parameters and structural arrangements
Authors: Abada Ghenam , Bernard Fabrice , Lim Sovanvichet , Tehami Mohamed
Published: June 2018

Bonded connections between steel beams and concrete slabs in composite structures were studied in this work. First, an accurate and efficient three-dimensional simulation of push-out tests was carried out, and the assumptions needed to reach this goal were more thoroughly investigated. It was found that very few of the simplifications regarding the contact between steel and concrete and the material mechanical behaviours should be considered. Optimal mesh and boundary conditions were also determined. The simulation procedure presented in this paper allowed the reproduction, in a satisfactory way, of previously published experimental results on two kinds of specimens: a standard specimen and a specimen with profiled steel decking. The study was completed by investigating the influence of several structural arrangements: grouped connections with spacing between connectors of less than 250 mm, various shapes of the waves of the profiled decking and various thicknesses of the profiled steel decking.
The effects of viscous dampers on the reliability of steel structures using a PIF index
Authors: Rahimiasl Mehdi , Bakhshi Ali
Published: June 2018

A new comparative performance measure based on a structure's seismic fragility curve is introduced. This factor, called the performance improvement factor (PIF), was used to compare the seismic performance and reliability of two structures. Using the PIF, the efficiency of viscous dampers on the behaviour of a weak mid-rise steel structure was investigated. A prototype five-span 12-storey steel frame was equipped with three patterns of viscous dampers and their seismic performance was studied. The distribution of dampers along the height of the structure was optimised in three hazard levels using a genetic algorithm and the structure was subjected to 12 ground motion records scaled to levels of 50%, 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years. The objective function of the optimisation process was defined to achieve immediate occupation, life safety and collapse prevention performance levels at each of the three considered hazard levels. The performance of the primary and rehabilitated structures was investigated using fragility curves and the PIF. A larger PIF indicates a more effective improvement in seismic performance and structural reliability. The results indicate that the suggested method is an effective approach to study and compare the seismic reliability of steel structures.
Wind turbine tower collapse cases: a historical overview
Authors: Ma Yang , Martinez-Vazquez Pedro , Baniotopoulos Charalampos
Published: June 2018

Wind turbines are conceived, designed and operated to interact with the environment, including through extreme events. However, engineering malpractices combined with human or mechanical errors and defects of constituent members and materials, still result in hundreds of structural collapse cases annually. It seems, therefore, necessary to reflect on factual wind turbine performance against the target performance. The present paper summarises the most severe tubular wind tower collapse incidents recorded over the past four decades, provides an account of the damage and discusses the respective potential causes. The investigation indicates that, although accidental load induced by typhoons and storms is the most usual reason of failure, fatal events concentrate at either early or late stage of the designed service life. Unexpected load conditions seemed to derive from defective blade positioning or braking, which in turn over-stress areas of transition such as joints and openings. However, a critical examination of design standards suggests that, in general, wind turbine towers as designed and built nowadays are stable and reliable. Hence, the chain relationship determined by the design, manufacturing, construction, operation and maintenance, needs enhancement and further cohesion, at the time that our understanding of and adaptation to extreme events continues to develop.
Effect of geometrical properties on strength of externally prestressed steel–concrete composite beams
Authors: Abu-Sena Anwar B. , Shaaban Ibrahim G. , Soliman Mohamed S. , Gharib Khaled Abd-Allah Mohamed
Published: June 2018

A parametric study was carried out to investigate the structural behaviour of composite steel–concrete T-beams under different prestressing conditions. The studied parameters include different cases of loading, tendon profiles, beam spans, initial prestressing levels and different dimensions of steel sections and concrete deck. The studied beams were modelled by the finite-element software Ansys. The effect of three geometrical parameters was investigated for three different tendon profiles. It was found that straight tendon profiles are more appropriate for beams under distributed loads, whereas a draped tendon profile is more convenient for beams under concentrated loads. In addition, the ratio of the tension flange area to the compression flange area is the most effective geometrical parameter on the ultimate resistance of the studied prestressed beams. For instance, increasing this ratio from 1 to 3 resulted in increasing the additional resistance of the beam due to prestressing from 15·4 to 46·1%. For composite beams, the presence of the concrete slab prevented the lateral–torsional buckling and accordingly minimised the effect of the span. Moreover, increasing the slab thickness-to-width ratio resulted in enhancing the average increase in beam strength from 13·5 to 19·9%.
Using two-stage method in reinforced concrete bridge piers for damage quantification
Authors: Safakhah Soroush , Zahrai Seyed Mehdi , Kheyroddin Ali
Published: June 2018

In inverse methods of damage detection, it is generally assumed that the damage values and imperfect vibrational information are predefined scenarios. In fact, imperfect vibrational information is obtained based on acquired data from installed sensors on real structures. Then the location and intensity value of damage is calculated using inverse optimisation methods. In this paper, a two-stage method is proposed to eliminate the assumed imperfection of the first stage and accurately calculate its required damage information using a numerical–experimental method. Then, with the information on the damaged pier, the mode shapes are obtained and the total degrees of freedom is compacted as needed to specific degrees of freedom (having installed sensors on the real structure). Finally, introducing the objective function in Matlab for the bridge pier, the variable (stiffness reduction percentage) is inversely calculated using the linear optimisation simplex method. Agreement between the experimental and numerical results shows that the proposed method can be precisely applied for damage detection and quantification of reinforced concrete bridge piers. The validation of the proposed method indicates 0·4% error considering three expected vibrational modes.
Eccentric compression properties of laminated bamboo columns with different slenderness ratios
Authors: Li Hai-tao , Liu Rong , Lorenzo Rodolfo , Wu Gang , Wang Li-bin
Published: June 2018

Slenderness ratio is one of the main influencing factors on the mechanical properties of laminated bamboo columns under eccentric compression. This paper presents the research results of 20 column tests. Two main failure models can be classified based on the test results for the columns. The increasing speeds for the strain value are similar for all specimens. Regardless of the length, the strain across the cross-section of the column for each specimen is basically linear throughout the loading process, following standard normal section bending theory. Relationships between the ultimate mechanical parameters and slenderness ratios are proposed, including an equation for calculating the slenderness ratio influencing coefficient, which gives good agreement with the test results. All the equations presented in this paper can be used as a reference for further work to establish a generally applicable formula for code adoption.
Magnetic coupling in Mn3O4-coated γ-MnOOH nanowires
Authors: Li Wenxian , He Xiaofang , Hu Jie , Ma Fengcang , Li Ying , Zheng Rongkun , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Hossain Md Shahriar A , Yamauchi Yusuke , Wang Xiaodong
Published: June 2018

Mn3O4-coated γ-MnOOH nanowires were synthesized by using the hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that the nanowires have a core (γ-MnOOH)–shell (Mn3O4) structure. The magnetic transition temperature of Mn3O4 is slightly lower than the previously reported value because of the increased thermal disturbance for nanomaterials and the influence of the helical magnetism of γ-MnOOH. The hysteresis loop at 50 K keeps the same shape as was measured below the Néel temperature of Mn3O4 because of the short-range order of γ-MnOOH above the transition temperature. The short-range ordering is responsible for the deviation of the hysteresis loop at 300 K from the linear behavior of a normal paramagnetic phase. The magnetic coupling behavior between Mn3O4 and γ-MnOOH also induces an exchange bias effect in the system. The hysteresis loop shifts to the positive direction with increasing measurement temperature. A lower barrier energy is requested for the reversal of magnetic moments on the interface to generate the exchange bias behavior because of the asymmetric magnetic natures of Mn3O4 and γ-MnOOH, which should possess shorter responsive time compared with the traditional antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic coupling induced exchange bias systems.
Impact on pedestrian flow of bends in passenger access tunnels
Authors: Sun Lishan , Cui Li , Qiu Shi , Yao Li-ya , Rong Jian
Published: June 2018

With the constant increase of underground railway passenger volumes, congestion in pedestrian access tunnels is a growing concern. In conventional access tunnel design, pedestrian flow and capacity are the main factors considered. However, the microscopic characteristics of pedestrian flow, which are critical to passenger safety and traffic efficiency, have tended to be neglected in the engineering design and construction process. The paper reports on an investigation into the impact of geometric design of access tunnel bends on pedestrian flows. Controlled pedestrian experiments on different combinations of bend angles, radii and pedestrian volumes were conducted. It was found that the characteristics of pedestrian flow vary with different angles and radii, with angle being the most significant factor. When the angle is 90°, which is a common configuration in Beijing's subway system, the cumulative density and average speed are largely affected by the radius and volume. Findings in this study provide theoretical support to the design and renovation of subway corridors in practice.
Flow and longitudinal dispersion in channel with partly rigid floodplain vegetation
Authors: Farzadkhoo Maryam , Keshavarzi Alireza , Hamidifar Hossein , Ball James
Published: June 2018

The influence of rigid vegetation on the longitudinal dispersion coefficient in a compound open channel was examined using an image processing technique. To simulate floodplain vegetation, cylinders of 5 mm diameter were attached to the floodplain surface. Potassium permanganate solution was used as a conservative tracer. Instantaneous velocity components were measured using particle image velocimetry. The results showed that, compared with non-vegetated conditions, floodplain vegetation decreased the depth-averaged longitudinal velocity and maximum tracer concentration by up to 83% and 12·5%, respectively. It was also found that the magnitude of the longitudinal dispersion coefficient, K, increased with the relative flow depth, Dr (the ratio of the floodplain to main channel flow depth). Furthermore, the value of K increased by up to 39·3% for vegetated tests compared with non-vegetated tests. Moreover, the results were compared with several previous empirical equations and the most appropriate equation for prediction of K in compound channels with partly vegetated floodplain was found to be that proposed by Fischer in 1975.
Sujeito e seus (des)caminhos de pedras: reflexões sobre o discurso hegemônico relacionado a droga e a drogadição
Authors: Garcia Edna Linhares , Moraes Mauriceia , Moraes Julia Souza , Fernandes Vitória Merten , Renner Jane Dagmar Pollo
Published: June 2018

Justificativa e Objetivos: Este trabalho apresenta reflexões que tem por objetivo evidenciar e problematizar os discursos relacionados a drogadição, bem como as práticas de Atenção e Cuidado daí decorrentes. Métodos: Trata-se de um recorte das análises dos dados da pesquisa ‘A Realidade do Crack em Santa Cruz do Sul’, realizada com base teórico-metodológica de análise de sentidos produzidos nos discursos, a partir de 100 entrevistas com usuários de crack do município e 100 familiares de usuários. Resultados: O tratamento dos dados possibilitou a elaboração de marcadores para sistematização das análises, entre os quais elegemos os seguintes para o presente artigo: Práticas Discursivas: Crack como Epidemia; Práticas de Saúde: O Cuidado a Partir das Políticas Públicas; Processo de Desnaturalização de Discursos Vigentes. A partir desses marcadores, os discursos midiáticos e de pesquisadores contemporâneos são problematizados, de onde decorre a constatação de discursos reducionistas e práticas excludentes, promotoras de relações de sofrimento que despotencializam usuário e família. Conclusão: Apontamos para a necessidade de práticas de cuidado mais humanizadas que sustentem a singularidade do sujeito na construção de projetos de vida para além da droga
2018 FEN BİLİMLERİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMI KAZANIMLARINDAKİ DEĞİŞİMLER VE FEN TEKNOLOJİ MATEMATİK MÜHENDİSLİK (STEM) ENTEGRASYONU
Authors: BAHAR Mehmet , YENER Dündar , YILMAZ Mustafa , EMEN Hayrettin , GÜRER Fatma
Published: June 2018

Son yıllarda entegrasyon
alanında yaygınlaşmaya başlayan Fen, Teknoloji, Matematik, ve Mühendislik
(STEM) entegrasyonunun doğası disiplinler arasındaki sınırları ortadan
kaldırdığı için STEM  entegrasyonunun
öğretimin doğasına uyumlu olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Yapılan yenilikler
doğrultusunda ülkemizde STEM eğitimine 2004 Fen ve Teknoloji, 2013 Fen
Bilimleri ve 2018 Fen Bilimleri öğretim programında farklı biçimlerde yer
verildiği görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, i) 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılı başında 5.
sınıfta pilot olarak uygulanan ve daha sonra güncellenerek 2018 Ocak ayında
edilen 3-8. Sınıflar Fen Bilimleri öğretim programları arasındaki farkı STEM
açısından ortaya koymak, ii) güncellenen
2018 fen bilimleri öğretim programında 2013 fen bilimleri öğretim programına
kıyasla ünitelere ilişkin kazanımlar ve kazanımlar için ayrılan sürelerin ne
şekilde değiştiğini belirlemek ve iii) 2018 fen bilimleri öğretim programında
STEM’e ilişkin oluşturulduğu düşünülen konu/kazanımları ve süreleri tespit
etmektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Araştırma
verilerinin analizi araştırılması amaçlanan olay ve olgulara ilişkin bilgi
içeren yazılı kaynakların analizini kapsayan doküman inceleme yöntemi ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda i) Pilot olarak
5. Sınıflarda uygulanan 2017 3-8 Sınıflar Fen Bilimleri Öğretim programı ile
güncelleme sonrası 2018 Ocak ayında ilan edilen Fen Bilimleri öğretim programları
arasında STEM açısından farklılıkların bulunduğu ii) 2018 fen bilimleri öğretim
programında yer alan ünitelerin sırası, ünitelerdeki kazanım sayısı ve
kazanımlar için ayrılan sürelerin 2013 fen bilimleri öğretim programına kıyasla
farklılık gösterdiği, iii) 2013 fen bilimleri öğretim programında yer alan bazı
ünitelerin sınıf düzeyinin 2018 fen bilimleri öğretim programında değiştiği
veya programdan kaldırılarak yeni ünitelerin eklendiği iv) 2018 fen bilimleri
öğretim programında 5. 7. ve 8. sınıf düzeylerinde kazanım sayılarının azaldığı
fakat 3. ve 6. sınıf düzeyinde artış gösterdiği ve 4. sınıf düzeyinde
değişmediği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarının STEM eğitimi açından
önemi, programa yansıtılması ve uygulanmasındaki yeterlikler bağlamında tartışılmıştır.
OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEMDE OKULA UYUM SÜRECİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: BAĞÇELİ KAHRAMAN Pınar , ŞEN Tuba , ALATAŞ Sümeyra , TÜTÜNCÜ Büşra
Published: June 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı,  okulöncesi dönemde okula uyum sürecinde

uygulanan stratejiler ve karşılaşılan sorunlar hakkında öğretmen görüşlerinin

incelemektir. Ayrıca okula uyum sürecinde devlet okullarında uygulanan

stratejiler ile özel okullarda uygulanan stratejiler arasında farklılık olup olmadığı

da belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaç

doğrultusunda; nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tipik durum çalışması yoluyla

gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu beşi devlet kurumunda, beşi

özel kurumda görev yapan 10 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma

yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğretmenler

okula uyum süreci ile ilgili en çok “güven kazanma” etkinlikleri yaptıkları

belirtmişlerdir. Öğretmenlerin çoğu uyum sürecinde en önemli unsurun ilgi

çekici etkinlikler ve tanışma etkinlikleri yapmak olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir.

Uyum sürecinde yaşanan sorunlar ile ilgili soruya, öğretmenler en çok aile

faktörünün etkili olduğu ifade etmişlerdir. Devlet kurumlarında en çok aşırı

koruyucu-hoşgörülü aile tutumuyla karşılaşılırken, özel kurumlar da ise aşırı

koruyucu aile tutumu ile birlikte kararsız aile tutumuna da sık rastlanmıştır.
ÖZEL EĞİTİM LİSANS DERSİNİN ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİNE VE ENGELLİLERE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇİTİL Mahmut , KARAKOÇ Tamer , KÜÇÜKÖZYİĞİT Mehmet Salih
Published: June 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı eğitim fakültelerinde farklı branşlara

okutulan 2 kredilik özel eğitim lisans dersinin öğretmen adaylarının bilgi

düzeylerine ve engellilere yönelik tutumlarına etkisini belirlemektir.

Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 106 son

sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen nitel veriler içerik

analiziyle, nicel veriler ise SPSS paket programına ile analiz edilmiştir.

Araştırma bulgularına göre öğretmen adaylarının bilgi testinde ön test ve son

test puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Öğretmen

adaylarının özel eğitim ve engelliler hakkında bilgi düzeyleri artmış olmasına

karşın engelli bireylere yönelik tutumlarında anlamlı bir değişikliğin meydana

gelmediği görülmüştür. Ancak sosyal geçerlik bulgularına göre katılımcıların

büyük çoğunluğu bu dersi aldıkları için memnun olduklarını, dersin bilgi

gereksinimlerini karşıladığını, bu dersi daha önce almayan öğretmen adaylarına

da önerdikleri, dersin bundan sonraki yaşamlarına katkı sağladığına

inandıklarını belirttikleri görülmüştür.
ORTAOKUL MATEMATİK DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMINDAKİ KAZANIMLARIN YENİLENMİŞ BLOOM TAKSONOMİSİNE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇELİK Sedef , KUL Ümit , ÇALIK UZUN Selcen
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışma, 2017 yılında

güncellenmiş ortaokul matematik dersi öğretim programında yer alan kazanımların

yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisine göre bilişsel ve bilgi düzeyine göre

derinlemesine incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için doküman

analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ortaokul matematik öğretim programı kapsamında

215 kazanım üç araştırmacı tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Kazanımların

değerlendirilme süreci, ortak görüşe varma, bireysel değerlendirme,

karşılaştırma olmak üzere üçlü döngü şeklinde devam etmiştir. Yenilenmiş Bloom

Taksonomisine göre yapılan analiz sonucunda; bilişsel süreç boyutu açısından

kazanımların anlama ve uygulama basamaklarında, bilgi boyutu açısından ise

kavramsal ve işlemsel bilgi basamaklarında ağırlıkta olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Ayrıca kazanımlar sınıf seviyesi ve öğrenme alanlarına göre

değerlendirildiğinde, kazanımların bilişsel süreç boyutu açısından kısmen

benzerlik gösterdiği; bilgi boyutu açısından da farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna

varılmıştır. 
Yellow Fever Virus replication in cell culture v1
Authors: M Rezende Izabela , Sacchetto Lívia
Published: June 2018

In order to increase the number of viral particles a blind passage of sera might be performed in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells.
Real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT- qPCR) v1
Authors: M Rezende Izabela , Sacchetto Lívia
Published: June 2018

For investigate the presence of YFV genome by quantitative PCR assays in the hydrolysis probe detection format. The target is the 5’-noncoding region (5’-NC) of the YFV genome (Domingo et al., 2012).
First-Strand cDNA Synthesis and Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) v1
Authors: M Rezende Izabela , Sacchetto Lívia
Published: June 2018

For cDNA synthesis and for amplify larger fragments of YFV genome. The PCR target is of the CprM/envelope region of YFV genome described by Jorge and colleagues (2017).
DNA polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis v1
Authors: Sacchetto Lívia , M Rezende Izabela
Published: June 2018

To separate and visualize DNAfragments of varying sizes, using a gelmatrix and an electrical current.
Influence of Administrative Structure on BSW Program Objectives
Authors: Flax Norman , Swaine Richard L.
Published: June 2018

This paper reports results of a study that explored relationships between administrative structures of BSW programs and both program efforts and achievement levels in relationship to six major issues confronting BSW programs. In particular, the research investigated Sheafor's hypothesis that there are significant differences among administrative structures in the level of effort required to maintain identity, visibility, autonomy, access to resources and linkages: but none in efforts related to governance.

Two hundred and forty-three of the 354 BSW program directors surveyed returned usable questionnaires. The study found negligible relationships between administrative structures of BSW programs and levels of program efforts and achievement of program objectives.

Implications of the study for BSW programs and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Enhancing the Integration of Group Theory with Practice: A Five-Part Teaching Strategy
Authors: Dennison Susan
Published: June 2018

Group work is one of the areas of practice in which social workers have had unique strengths and advanced skills. However, for the past 20 years there has been a steady decline in group-work content at both undergraduate and graduate levels of social work education. At the same time, this treatment modality is gaining popularity and becoming a major method of service delivery in many agency settings. This article addresses the disconnection between social work education and group-practice needs by presenting an innovative five-part approach to teaching group work. A clear step-by-step guide is provided to aid social work educators in effectively integrating group-work theory with practice skills when teaching both BSW and MSW students.
Using Reflective Online Journals to Create Constructivist, Student-Centered Learning Environments in Undergraduate Social Work Education
Authors: Johansen Pamela Stowers
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this article is to introduce the use of online reflective journal assignments as a means to develop collaborative, constructivist learning environments in undergraduate social work education. Reflective journals have been used in many academic disciplines as a means to promote critical thinking, to provide feedback to instructors and students, and to integrate theory and practice. The use of technology and constructivist learning theory allows the potential for reflective journal assignments to become part of the development of a student-centered learning community. This article provides an overview of critical thinking concerns, the use of reflective journals, and constructivist learning theory, as well as an example of the specific journal assignment used in an undergraduate child welfare course.
Leadership in BSW Education: Preparing for the Role of Academic Chair
Authors: Cassie Kimberly McClure , Sowers Karen M. , Rowe William
Published: June 2018

Leading a social work program as a department chairperson is a multidimensional role requiring knowledge and skills that most faculty are unprepared to provide. Given that most universities do not have training programs to assist department chairpersons in assuming their new roles and responsibilities, faculty members must familiarize themselves with the work of department chairpersons and obtain knowledge and skills from other sources. This article provides a discussion of the various roles and responsibilities required of department chairpersons and the leadership skills required to become an effective and successful administrative leader in academia. A self-survey instrument is provided to assist department chairpersons and those aspiring to become academic leaders in assessing their leadership readiness. The article concludes with a discussion of strategic career planning and its role in helping individuals become effective academic leaders.
Bringing Research to Life: Using Social Work Students in a Statewide Foster Care Census
Authors: Smith R. Dale , Gore Michele T.
Published: June 2018

A review of historical developments in child welfare and social work research reveals continuing challenges for social work education. This article describes a collaborative effort to conduct a statewide survey of children in foster care. Social work students from eight universities helped to complete a state-wide census of foster care families in collaboration with child welfare agencies and the Public Child Welfare Consortium. The article discusses the impetus and scope of the project, as well as the benefits to students, child welfare agencies, and social work education.
Does Slow and Steady Win the Race? The Impact of Block versus Concurrent Field on BSW Students' Professional Development and Emotional Well-Being
Authors: Theriot Matthew T. , Johnson Toni K. , Mulvaney Mary , Kretzschmar Jane A.
Published: June 2018

Despite their immense popularity and widespread implementation, research has yet to compare block and concurrent models of field. In filling this gap in the literature, this study evaluates the impact of each model on undergraduate social work students' professional development and emotional well-being. Sixty-eight students in BSW field placements at one large university participated in this study. Students were able to select which model of field to undertake, and, in general, most students selected block field placements because they wanted to graduate early. Conversely, students in concurrent field reported having more obligations outside of field, including family and other employment. Utilizing data collected from students and their field instructors, statistical analyses showed no differences in measures of professional competence, depression, assertiveness, or self-esteem between students in the two field models. In light of such findings, the authors discuss the implications of this study for social work programs and outline suggestions for future research.
Race-Conscious Teaching in Field Practice: A Case Study in Student Empowerment
Authors: Brownstein-Evans Carol , McNeal Leonard
Published: June 2018

When academic knowledge and the real world collide, students can be empowered to act upon the values, knowledge, and skills they learn in social work. This article describes the empowerment process and methods that one instructor and a student pursued when the student faced racism and discrimination in a field agency. The article examines the impact of race, class, and gender issues on a student in field education and the role that a field seminar instructor played in the student's professional development.
Field Education: Linking Self-Efficacy Theory and the Strengths Perspective
Authors: Wilson Sharon Zimmerman
Published: June 2018

This article explores the use of self-efficacy theory coupled with the strengths perspective as a framework for field education in social work. In this conceptual framework, social work field education focuses on a strengths perspective, utilizing techniques to enhance students' self-efficacy beliefs. A review of the literature is provided on (1) self-efficacy as it relates to academic and career outcomes and (2) the strengths perspective in social work practice. Suggestions regarding the application of the principles of strengths-based social work practice to field education are discussed. Specific examples from a BSW program demonstrating the link between self-efficacy theory and the strengths perspective are examined.
Bringing the Agency to the Classroom: Using Service-Learning to Teach Research to BSW Students
Authors: Kapp Stephen A.
Published: June 2018

Faculty members teaching social work research courses face a variety of challenges: The material is typically viewed by students as outside their interest area; the technical and complex content is not easy to teach to any audience, especially when students vary significantly in skill levels; and the course material is often taught in isolation from core curriculum areas, especially social work practice. This article describes a service-learning approach for teaching research that allows students to apply their research knowledge to the information needs of an agency while they are developing corresponding knowledge and skills. Additionally, this article highlights the unique features of this approach and presents student feedback from a recent section of this course. Finally, it describes the implications of this technique.
A Model for Teaching Qualitative Research Methods to Undergraduate Social Work Students
Authors: Langer Carol L. , Lietz Cynthia A. , Furman Rich
Published: June 2018

Social work students are drawn to qualitative research methods, perhaps because of their experience with interviewing and their interest in process. However, since students need to learn both qualitative and quantitative research methods because both are used in the literature, instructors are challenged to teach both types of methods in one course. The purpose of this article is to illustrate one method used to teach qualitative research methods to undergraduate social work students. The model presents a narrative analysis and moves students from raw data to an analytical model.
Social Work Students and the Research Process: Exploring the Thinking, Feeling, and Doing of Research
Authors: Maschi Tina , Bradley Carolyn , Youdin Robert , Killian Mary Lou , Cleaveland Carol , Barbera Rosemary A.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore how social work students enrolled in a research course report their thoughts, feelings, and satisfaction with the research process. A pretest and posttest, self-report measures, the State-Trait Anxiety Scale (Y1), and subscales of the Research Process Survey were used to track the thoughts. feelings, and actions of 111 social work research students during a fifteen-week semester. Results of paired sample t-tests revealed that although social work students experienced a decrease in negative thoughts and feelings (e.g., anxiety) about the research process, they were not satisfied with it. These findings have important implications for social work education. Helping students increase not only their positive thoughts and feelings about research but also their satisfaction level can assist with the long-term educational goal to educate social work professionals who can provide high-quality services, evaluate practice, and improve practice, policy, and social service delivery.
Ready, Willing, and Able: An Assessment of Academic Leadership Preparation and Interest
Authors: Cassie Kimberly McClure , Sowers Karen M. , Rowe William
Published: June 2018

Little empirical research exists that assesses the preparedness of faculty advancing into administrative positions in higher education. This research identifies the leadership skills and responsibilities necessary for the management of academic social work departments and examines the willingness of faculty to advance into leadership positions. The preparedness of administrators to assume such positions is also assessed. Findings indicate a willingness to serve among faculty and administrators. Faculty and academic leaders agree on the importance of a variety of leadership skills and responsibilities. Although most leaders felt they possessed good leadership skills, many reported needing five or more years to acquire the necessary leadership skills for their jobs. Additional preparation in the areas of governance policy interpretation, human resources, financial management, confronting colleagues, and resource acquisition is needed. Experience, on-the-job training, and professional development workshops are the most common resources used to gain leadership skills.
The Effect of a Short-Term Study Abroad Class on Students' Cross-Cultural Awareness
Authors: Mapp Susan C. , McFarland Peggy , Newell Elizabeth A.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study was to discover if short-term study abroad trips produce the same changes in students that have been documented in long-term study abroad trips. The study was conducted with current and past participants of a short-term study abroad trip to Ireland from a small liberal arts school. Quantitative and qualitative assessment tools were used to address the question. Results found that change was supported by the qualitative, but not the quantitative, assessment. Students reported the trip increased their cross-cultural awareness and their interest in a long-term study abroad experience. As these results support the hypothesis that short-term study abroad experiences have a positive effect on students' growth, it is important that programs develop and facilitate such opportunities for their students. Not only will this improve the global awareness and cultural competence of participants, but it will increase participation in long-term study abroad programs.
The Use of Interactive Television in a BSW Program: Comparing Experiences of Distance and Campus-Based Learners
Authors: Hylton Mary E. , Albers Eric
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interactive television (ITV) on the educational experiences of both distance and campus-based BSW students. Data were collected through questionnaires and semistructured focus groups with students on campus and at distant sites. The study found distinct differences between the experiences of distance and campus-based students in ITV courses. Distance students evaluated the ITV technology significantly more positively than did campus-based students. In particular, campus-based students believed that the technology interfered with the flow of class discussions, and both groups reported a lack of a cohesive community among students from different sites. The article suggests improvements in ITV distance education, including incorporating better classroom management techniques, creating community-building activities, and providing physical environments more conducive to learning.
Approaches to the incorporation of diversity: Implications for the inclusive curriculum
Authors: Bracy Wanda
Published: June 2018

This article provides a typology of approaches to the inclusion of diversity in the curriculum and a discussion of the issues and concerns in the development of an inclusive curriculum. The typology consists of two broad dimensions that underlie various approaches to inclusion: 1) the diversity as variety perspective; and, 2) the diversity as critical perspective. Various approaches are classified within these two perspectives and for each approach the curriculum goals and objectives, nature of knowledge content, instructional strategies, and contributions and criticisms are presented. The article concludes with a presentation of the phases of curriculum transformation in the development of an inclusive curriculum and presents the parameters that must be considered in the development of inclusion.
Postmodern Social Work: No Truths Outside the Gates of Eden?
Authors: Gross Gregory
Published: June 2018

Postmodernism injects new life into practice at all levels and redefines the meaning of knowledge, diversity, and plain, old making sense. This rejuvenating theory offers additional means for understanding client systems, provides new techniques for helping, and promises a vital dialogue within the profession.

Extolling the episodic, the unique, and the contradictory, postmodernists de-emphasize grand theory, logical patterns of thinking or doing, and general truths. In place of such traditionalist modernist notions, postmodernists elevate ideas and persons who reside at the margins, deconstruct client narratives, and help people re-write those narritives which fail to liberate the self, family, or community.
Prime Mover: Pauline Roney Lang
Authors: Gardella Lorrie Greenhouse
Published: June 2018

Pauline Roney Lang (1909–1990) pioneered social group work in southern Connecticut. Histories of the profession often miss the contributions of social workers like Lang whose practice was voluntary, whose status was informal, or whose work did not include scholarly publications. Based upon personal document and personal testimony research, this paper recovers the story of how Lang founded the Group Work Council of West Haven (today, West Haven Community House Association). She was, in a colleague's words, a prime mover.
A Social Work Program Needs Assessment
Authors: Sullivan Quintin E. , Cunningham Mary
Published: June 2018

Social agencies in the central region of a midwestern state were surveyed to determine the present and future need for BSW and MSW graduates. The sample included administrators of 126 agencies who currently hire social workers or who plan to in the future. The study also addressed barriers for employees seeking social work degrees, and the projected effects of future “credentializing” such as social work licensure and Medicaid reimbursement.

The projected need for future BSW workers is twice that of MSW workers. Agency administrators generally predicted that all future credentializing movements would increase the future need for MSW workers. For BSW workers agency accreditation, managed care and social work licensure should increase demand while the effects of Medicaid reimbursement and third-party payments are uncertain. Barriers to the education of current employees continue to exist, and demand for employees positively relates to the proximity to current and proposed social work education programs.

Features of this descriptive study which limit its generalizability include the sample utilized (local agencies either currently employing or interested in employing social workers) and lack of control for extraneous variables.
Psychoeducational Multiple-Family Groups
Authors: Garrett Kendra , Rice Susan
Published: June 2018

Educating persons with schizophrenia and their families about the nature of the illness and about ways to react to stressful situations has been helpful in managing the disease. When such education is combined with the social networking and problem solving that takes place in a multiple-family group, the incidence of hospitalization and symptomatology can be reduced. This curriculum module, developed to be used in a generalist practice or group work class, demonstrates a way to help students understand the benefits of a problem-solving model of group education for persons with schizophrenia and their families. Information on schizophrenia and the problem-solving process is reviewed in a class discussion, followed by class application of the problem-solving process through the use of a case vignette. Students then role play a second vignette in a multiple family group or a single family group. They conclude the unit by discussing the relative advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Teaching about Prevention and Intervention: A Mental Health Curriculum Module
Authors: Speer Sally Cramer
Published: June 2018

Social Work students studying generalist practice methods will benefit from experiential classroom experiences that focus on the “person-in-environment” perspective. Henggeler's research with serious juvenile offenders and their families provides a vehicle for examining practice interventions that incorporate systems theory and client empowerment, and celebrates the diversity of varied professional perspectives working together to help facilitate client change. This module offers an instructional approach that asks students to think critically regarding the most effective and efficient interventions available within a specific context.
Computer-Mediated Interaction: A Tool for Facilitating the Educational Helping Relationship
Authors: Gasker Janice A. , Cascio Toni
Published: June 2018

Recent literature highlights the importance of the educational helping relationship in adult learning. This study investigated computer-mediated interaction as a means of facilitating that relationship. A voluntary e-mail communication project along with a survey concerning students' perceptions of that project were conducted at a midsize public university. Students enrolled in an introductory” social work class reported positive effects on learning, on peer relationships, and on their relationships with their instructor. In addition, there was no significant difference between the rate of e-mail postings submitted by men and those submitted by women, which suggests that this mode of class participation may provide a level playing field for male and female students.
First-Generation College Students in an Undergraduate Social Welfare Program: Issues, Interventions, and Implications
Authors: Hodges John Q.
Published: June 2018

First-generation students are the first in their family to attend college. Prior research has found them to be academically at-risk. This case study examined a group of first-generation college students enrolled in an undergraduate social welfare program (N = 42). The results indicate that these first-generation students were more likely to be older, male, Hispanic, and to have parents who are non-citizens of the United States. However, this study did not find high rates of social isolation, or deficiencies in academic achievement or graduate school aspirations, as reported in the literature. Further research is needed to determine rates of first-generation students in social work undergraduate programs nationwide, their risk for freshman-year attrition, and the need for interventions to retain this diverse segment of the social work student body.
Advancing a Strengths Perspective in the Study of Vulnerable Populations: Seeing Resilient Victims in a Context of Adversity and Oppression
Authors: Johnson Miriam McNown , Rhodes Rita
Published: June 2018

This article reports on a study of graduate social work students' perceptions of vulnerable populations, including people of color, women, gay men and lesbians, people who are poor, single parent families, and stepfamilies. Over the course of a semester, students significantly expanded their respect for the unique characteristics of diverse populations. Despite an emphasis on a strengths perspective, however, the students continued to focus on the hardships experienced by nontraditional families without taking into account the discrimination they may suffer. Findings suggest that course content on the strengths of impoverished and nontraditional families remains inadequate.
Personal Associations with Potential Clients: A Way of Understanding the Stigma Problems of People with a Mental Retardation Label
Authors: Dudley James R.
Published: June 2018

Social work students often have little understanding of the stigma problems of the client populations with whom they will work. This seems to be the case particularly with clients having disabilities. A course project is described that introduces B.S.W. students to the stigma of people with a mental retardation label through a close personal association with a person with such a label. Through this association, students are helped to both expose their own stereotypes and to observe the daily manifestations of stigma intruding in the life of a labeled person. This association also offers students a potential friendship with a person having a disability. This project has been conceptualized from both the work of friendship projects and the participant-observation research role. It can be adapted to other client populations with similar stigma problems.
The Patchwork Quilt: A Tool for Promoting Cultural Understanding, Community and Advocacy
Authors: Waites Cheryl E.
Published: June 2018

Approaches that are culturally sensitive and that promote social and economic justice enrich the learning experience. This article presents a class project where students came together around a specific cause and created a patchwork quilt. Students were introduced to the concept of a patchwork quilt as a symbol of tradition, community, and advocacy. Two classes selected a quilt theme and class patchwork quilts were constructed. Students gained valuable experience in appreciating and employing cultural tradition, collaboration, and advocacy.
Navigating the Social Jungle: Using Computer-Mediated Mentoring to Enhance Undergraduates' Professional Identity
Authors: Cascio Toni , Gasker Janice
Published: June 2018

One of the greatest challenges to undergraduate social work education is helping students embrace social work values and develop professional identity. As undergraduates, students are at a developmental stage where the process of identity formation is crucial. This study explores the possibility of enhancing traditional teaching methods with computer-mediated mentoring. A section of graduate students in a second-year practice class mentored a section of undergraduates in a beginning practice class in a semester-long e-mail communication. Following the mentoring experience, the undergraduates demonstrated a measurably greater identification with social work values, marking a significant change in professional identity that was not matched by comparison groups. Those aspects of the mentoring experience that seemed most important to the undergraduates are reported and suggestions for replicating such a project are provided.
Marketing Status of Social Work Education: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Dennison Susan T.
Published: June 2018

New competitive realities are necessitating that social work education programs design and conduct marketing as a part of their yearly departmental planning. This exploratory study identified marketing strategies most commonly used in social work education programs today. Critical findings regarding social work educators' perceptions regarding how much other disciplines understand their profession were discovered. In addition, the promotional strategies found to be most effective for student recruitment and for increasing departmental visibility within the university setting were revealed from the study. Implications for social work education are delineated along with future research needs.
Conquering Heterosexism: The Gay and Lesbian Challenge to Social Work Education
Authors: Johnston Lon
Published: June 2018

At the beginning of the 21st century, it appears some social work educators are ambivalent about teaching gay and lesbian issues. At times, educators have been supportive of efforts by gay and lesbian people to fight heterosexism. However, social work education's overall record as advocates for gay and lesbian rights can be characterized as erratic. This article is a call for social work education to acknowledge its institutional heterosexism, to return to its roots of advocacy for all disenfranchised and oppressed people, and to take an unequivocal stand in support of gay and lesbian civil rights. This article also challenges individual educators to acknowledge their own personal heterosexism and to implement the profession's historical commitment to social justice for gay men and lesbians. Specific actions that social work educators can take to support the movement of gay men and lesbians toward equality are described.