bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Usefulness of Sural/Radial Amplitude Ratio in the Diagnosis of Mild Axonal Polyneuropathy
Authors: Kang Sa-Yoon , Kang Ji-Hoon
Published: May 2022

Backgrounds and objectives： In the length-dependent axonal polyneuropathy, the distal part of the longer axons are affected earlier. In cases of mild axonal polyneuropathy, nerve conduction studies are frequently normal. We theorized that a sural/radial amplitude ratio (SRAR) might be a sensitive indicator of mild polyneuropathy. We investigated whether the SRAR may be a more sensitive indicator than sural amplitude alone in the diagnosis of mild axonal polyneuropathy.Methods： We analyzed medical records and electrophysiological studies of 32 patients with mild axonal polyneuropathy and 30 normal subjects. Sural amplitudes and SRAR in patients with signs of mild axonal polyneuropathy were compared to those of normal, age-matched control subjects. Sural and radial sensory amplitudes were measured in a standard method in all subjects.Results： Thirty five patients had an average SRAR of 0.26 as compared to 0.65 for the normal subjects. An SRAR of less than 0.50 was a strong predictor of axonal polyneuropathy, with the balance of sensitivity and specificity (80%), as compared to an absolute sural amplitude, which had sensitivity of only 57%. The SRAR did not vary significantly with age.Conclusion： We conclude that the SRAR is a useful electrodiagnostic test for mild axonal polyneuropathy.
Purification and Characterization of proteinase from Ruditapes philippinarum infected with Perkinsus sp.
Authors: Kang Yoon-Suk , Chun Young-Bae , Cho Moon-Jae
Published: May 2022

In this study, we characterized a proteinase from marine bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum (Manila clam) infected with the protozoan parasite Perkinsus sp. When infected with Perkinsus sp., Manila clam produced a proteinase, which was not appeared in non-infected manila clam and Perkinsus hypnospore. A clear baiid of 45 kDa was detected on 0.2% gelatin containing gel SDS-PAGE. The proteinase was inhibited by phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) known as a serine proteinase inhibitor. Using Mucin-Sepharose CL-6B affinity chromatography, proteinases were eluted by Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.4) containing 20 mM EDTA. Like lectins, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine also could elute proteinases. Based on these results, isolated Ruditapes philippinarum proteinase belonged to the class of serine protease and may have lectin activities or may be associated with lectin
Cytotoxic effect of Compound K, metabolite of ginseng saponin on human leukemia cells
Authors: Kang Kyoung-Ah , Lim Hee-Kyoung , Hyun Jin-Won
Published: May 2022

No abstract available
Immunodiagnosis of cysticercosis using cyst fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes in Jeju Island
Authors: Chung Young-Bae , Hong Jung Yun , Choi Gukmyung
Published: May 2022

It is well known that immunoblot assay is valuable serological test for diagnosing cysticercosis. This study was performed to evaluate serodiagnosis of cysticercosis using immunoblotting among patients with neurologic disorders in Jeju Island. Immunoblot analysis of a total of thirty patients using the cyst fluid of Taenia solium metacestode as a diagnostic antigen, positive reaction was observed in six cases while active and chronic stages of the disease are not clearly known. In this regard, a combination of diagnostic methods such as radiological imaging, laboratory serological tests and clinical presentation will be necessary tor further studies and for increasing diagnostic accuracy of cysticercosis.
Classification and Pathophysiology of Low Back Pain
Authors: Chung Kvvang-Hoon , Kim Sang-Rim
Published: May 2022

Disorders of the lumbar spine are exceedingly c이Timon. Particularly in the industrialized nations, lower back pain is the most common causes of disability. But only 1 percent of patients with episode of low back pain require prolonged treatment, and even less eventually require surgery. The etiology of low back pain is not fully understood. There have been numerous studies that examined suspected etiologic causes of low back pain. Discogenic pain, facet joint pain, iliolumbar fascial syndrome, radiating pain, referred pain, cord pain have been the most extensively studied. We now discuss the current concept of the pathophysiology and etilogy of the low back pain.
Depressive symptoms & Anxiety among parents of disabled child in Jeju area
Authors: Seong Gil-Myoung , Kim Moon-Doo , Hong Seong-Chul , Lee Chang-In , Kwak Young-Sook
Published: May 2022

Background: This study has been performed to improve mental health of parents who have handicapped child by evaluated levels of anxiety and depression.Methods: The data collected from 49 parents visiting mental hospital and social welfare institute to have therapy or educate their child. Their depression was evaluated by CES-D and their anxiety was done by STA1.Result: First, mother had higher depression, anxiety and the prevalence of depressive symptoms then father. Second, parent who has mail or under 9 years old child had higher depression and anxiety. And Parents who feel lower handicap level of their child had higher depression. Third, Parents who have higher income or emotional support from family members han lower depression and anxiety.
Superior gluteal neuropathy associated with metastatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shin Ji-Nam
Published: May 2022

Superior gluteal neuropathy is an uncommon disorder caused by trauma, injection, surgery, external compression and rarely by neoplasm. This is the first case report of superior gluteal neuropathy associated with metastatic adenocarcinoma fr이n unknown origin. An 84-year-old woman with hip pain and digital gangrene, diagnosed as superior gluteal neuropathy combined with subclinical sensory polyneuropathy on electromyography and nerve conduction study, later proved to have a metastatic adenocarcinoma from unknown origin to pelvis. Tlie digital gangrene was diagnosed as a paraneoplastic acral vascular syndrome. In conclusion a metastatic adenocarcinoma as a hidden malignancy can be a possible cause of superior gluteal neuropathy.
Long-term follow-up of radical cystectomy for patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Kim You ng-Joo , Huh Jung-Sik
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Radical cystectomy continues to be one of the primary modalities of treatment for locally advanced bladder cancer. However, Nearly half of the patients die from the disease within 5 years. We retrospectively evaluated patients with radical cystectomy in order to determine the prognostic factors on survival after radical cystectomy.Material and Methods: Between 1981 and 2001, 46 patients underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.Indications for surgery included muscle invasion bladder cancer, superficial bladder cancer refractory to intravesical therapy and multifocal stage TIG3. The survival rate according to each factor was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Statistics was determined by the log-rank test.Results: Mean patient age was 64.13 years for 38 men and 8 w이nen. The estimated 5-year survival for the 46 patients who underwent radical cystectomy was 56%. The 10-years survival was 50% for 10 patients with Tl, 25% for 20 patients with T2, 0% for 13 patients with more than T3. Prognosis was significantly worse for 2 patients with compared to the 41% patients vascular invasion (p<0.05). There was significantly better 5-year survival for 33 patients without compared to 8 patients with lymphatic invasion (p<0.05). But no significant difference was noted in grade. There was statistically significant difference in survival between transitional cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid cancer. The mean time to local recurrence was 34 months and mean durations of survival were 12 months. Most common early complication was urine leakage.Conclusion: Our data showed that patients with organ-confined cancer had favorable 5-year and 10-year survival. Prognostic factor affecting survival rate was stage, vascular invasion, tumor cell type and lymphatic invasion. The prognosis of patients with local recurrence is poor regardless of therapy.
A Study of Perceived Health Status, Climacteric Symptoms, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle among Middle-Aged Women in Jeju Island
Authors: Kim Ji-Yun , Bu Eun-Na , Son Ju-Seon , Song Young-Shin , Song Jin-Ok , Oh Su-Young , Oh Soo-Hyun , Oh Yun-Hee , Yeo Jung-Hee , Song Hyo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

Background: The study was to examine Perceived Health Status, Climacteric Symptoms, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle among Middle-Aged Women residing in Jeju Island, and to identify the relationship among variables, ultimately to provide the basic data in developing health-promoting program for them in future.Methods: The data were collected from Sep. 1st to Sep. 20th, 2004, and the subjects consisted of 112 women aged between 40 years old and 60 years old, residing at Jejudo. Data analyses were conducted by using Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, and ANOVA.Results: In Health-promoting lifestyle, the more educated subjects and those who have experienced diseases were found doing more health-promoting lifestyle. In perceived health status, the subjects educated over college, the subjects satisfied with marriage, and the subjects who have not experienced diseases were indicating higher. In climacteric symptoms, subjects aged 50 to 59 years old, subjects educated less than primary school, subjects not satisfied with marriage, and subjects with monthly family income over 2 million Won were higher. Subjects with experience of diseases were also higher than subjects with no experience of diseases. Health-promoting lifestyle was positively correlated with perceived health status and showed no correlation with climacteric symptoms.Conclusion: It was suggested that similar studies should be carried out for more subjects from various provinces, as the study was limited to only 112 middle-aged women residing at Jejudo, and thereby the development of health-promoting program for middle-aged women should be conducted.
Evidence in Evidence Based Medicine : What Is It, Where Do We Find It, and How Do We Use It ?
Authors: Lee Chang-Hyun
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to review the history and rationale for evidence based medicine (EBM). EBM was developed because of the awareness of the limitations of traditional determinants. The development of EBM is briefly described, together with the pros and cons of evidence based research, review techniques and resources. In short, EBM can be defined as the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence to make decisions about the care of individual patients. The four main steps in EBM practice are: (1) fomulate a clear question from a patients problem, (2) search the literature for relevant clinical articles, (3) evaluate and critically appraise existing evidence for its validity and usefulness, and (4) implement useful findings in clinical practice.The concept, use and definition of "evidence" has evolved significantly during recent years. The power of the evidence based approach can be enhanced by the development of techniques such as systemic review and meta-analysis. However, although EBM allows us to use current best evidence to make decisions about patient care, the evidence gained from systemic review and meta-analysis only applies to an "average patient" and is not ready adaptable to issues such as etiology, diagnosis and prognosis.The EBM with problem based learning allows students to integrate knowledge, skills and attitudes acquired elsewhere during medical education while providing an opportunity to introduce critical topics important to the care of patients. There is a trend toward providing a formal curriculum.
Analysis of Acute Intoxication in Jeju
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Poison information system plays many roles in managing acute intoxication. The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of acute intoxication in Jeju by comparing data of acute intoxication in Jeju with nationwide data.Methods: A total 68 cases that were treated for acute intoxication in Cheju National University Hospital from June 2004 to May 2005 were reviewed according to toxic exposure surveillance system retrospectively. Then, data in Jeju and nationwide data were compared for each item in toxic exposure surveillance system.Results: In acute intoxication in Jeju, proportion of men was larger, and sixties among age groups had largest proportion. In toxic substances in jeju, domestic article such as caustics had larger proportion relatively, and analgesics and antidepressants had larger proportion relatively in medical drugs. In emergent treatment in Jeju, use of antidotes had larger proportion relatively.Conclusion: Serial investigations were needed for continuous poison information system.
A study of depressive symptoms and health habit among North Korean defectors reside in Korea
Authors: Kim Moon-Doo , Hong Seong-chul , Kim Ryu-Jin , Jeon Bong-Hee , Hong Ju-Yeon
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression and prevalence of depressive symptoms according to sociodemographic factors and health habit.Methods: 251 defectors who reside in Cheju, Busan, and Daegu were evaluated from April 2005 to February 2006. Sociodemographic questionnaire included gender, age, marital status(North Korea/South Korea), education leveKNorth Korea), occupation(North Korea/South Korea) and religion(North Korea/South Korea), socioeconomic status (North Korea/South Korea), history of party registration in North Korea, etc. Questionnaire for health habit included subjective sense of health status, smoking, drinking, etc. CES-D were used to evaluate depression severity, we defined total score of over 21 as depressive symptom, over 25 as depression.Results: 29.3% and 45.2% of males and females were feel their health status as poor. 77.7% and 2.6% of males and females were current smokers, current drinker were 82.8%, 33.1% of male and female, respectively. 67.4% of male and 26.0% were in high risk of alcohol dependence. The prevalence of depressive symptom and depression in male were 34.3% and 26.3%, respectively, in female 37.4% and 24.5%. In case of having religion in North Korea were significantly more higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression(x² =6.480, p=0.011), (x² =4.367, p=0.037). Prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression according to level of monthly income were significantly different(x² =6.630, p=0.036), (x² =7.301, p=0.026).There were also significant different of prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression according to level of subjective sense of health status(x² =11.195, p=0.004), (x² =13.560, p=0.001). The subject in high risk group of alcohol dependence were significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptoms(x² =5.336，p=0.021) than those who are not.Conclusions: It is needed to help secure settlement of North Korean defectors that not only provide living accommodation and occupation but also feeling of acceptance of them as true Korean and help them to care their own psychic trauma.
Differences of cognitive functions and activity of daily living according to presence of depressive symptoms among dementia patients
Authors: Lee Chang-In , Hong Seong-Chul , Kim Moon-Doo
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine whether depression is related to the impairment of daily activities and to certain areas of cognitive function in dementia patients.Methods: 30 dementia patients with depression, 19 dementia patients without depression who visited cheju national university hospital from November of 2006 to October 2007 were assigned for the study. CERAD-K, MMSE-KC, BDS-ADL, K-GDS were used to check cognitive function and activity of daily living, and depression, the two groups were compared using x² test and independent t-test.Result: SBT-K (Korean version of Short Blessed Test) [21.44(SD = 6.93) vs 16.17(SD = 7.25)], Verbal fluency[4.05(SD = 2.76) vs 6.37CSD = 3.02)], Word list memory [3.53(SD = 3.73) vs 6.07(SD = 4.20)], Word list recall [0.58(SD = 1.30) vs 1.93CSD = 1.84)] scores were statistically different between the two groups. BDS-ADL(Blessed Dementia Scale-Activities of Daily Living), CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale), Naming, MMSE-KC, Constructional praxis, Word list recognition, Constructional praxis recall, Subjective Memory Complaint(SMC) were not different between the two groups.Conclusions: these result suggest that depression in patient with dementia is not highly related to the functional impairment.
A case of mesh erosion after abdominal sacral colpopexy
Authors: Yoon Joo hee , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

Although abdominal sacral colpopexy is one of the most effective procedure for treating pelvic organ prolapse, mesh erosion as complication with using synthetic mesh is at issue. Mesh erosion is influenced by mesh materials, type of procedure, concomitant hysterectomy. We experienced a case who had mesh erosion after abdominal sacral colpopexy with concomitant hysterectomy, using polypropylene mesh. So, We report this with brief review of literatures about mesh erosion.
The efficacy and safety of HPV vaccination
Authors: Kim Woo Jin , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

HPV vaccine was licensed for use in the United States and Europe in June 2006, and is now available in most nations. It was highly successful in reducing the incidence of precancerous cervical lesions caused by HPV-16 and HPV-18. The titer of HPV antibody was maintained during 4.5 years of the extended follow up phase. HPV prescreening before vaccination is generally not needed, because HPV vaccination has protective effect for the remaining types in infected women. Systemic clinical adverse events were reported by a similar proportion of vaccine and placebo recipients. The estimated rate of anaphylaxis following HPV vaccine is slightly higher than other vaccines. However, overall rates are very low and it may leave no serious sequelae if managed appropriately. The patient is required to be seen for about 15 minutes after vaccination.
A case of fatal vascular invasive rhinocerebral mucormycosis after dental extraction in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kim Joong Goo , Choi Guk Myung , Kim Young Ree , Kang Hyun Wook , Koh Gwan Pyo , Lee Dae Ho
Published: May 2022

Mucormycosis is a rare life-threatening fungal infection that occurs in immunocompromised subjects, including patients with poorly controlled diabetes Mellitus (DM) There have been even rarer case reports that describe the development of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in diabetic patients after dental extraction. Here, we describe a 57-year-old female patient with type 2 DM who developed a fatal vascular invasive rhinocerebral mucormycosis after dental extraction.
Diffusion weighted image of transient global amnesia: A case report
Authors: Park Ji Kang , Choi Jae Cheol
Published: May 2022

A diffusion-weighted imaging finding of transient global amnesia (TGA) is relatively well known. Typicalfinding is high signal intensity lesions in the CA-1 of hippocampus. Recently, we experienced a case of TGA. which involved CA-1 and CA-2 of hippocampus, so we report diffusion-weighted imaging findings of this case.
A case of Henoch-Schonlein purpura that initially developed diffuse duodenal ulcers accompanying with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Kang Hyun Sik , Kang Ki Soo
Published: May 2022

We report an 8-year-old boy with Henoch-Scholein purpura (HSP) who had initially developed diffuse duodenal ulcers, accompanied by acute pancreatitis. The patient did not respond to conventional corticosleroid therapy and continued complaining severe abdominal pain and bloody stool. Even after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was administered, the patient complained persistent abdominal pain. And then we could identify acute pancreatitis combined by HSP from the patient Therefore we suggest that we Should rule out acute pancreatitis in the HSP patient with severe gastrointestinal manifestation which is refractory to medical treatment.
Recent progress on antiplatelet therapy
Authors: Joo Seung-Jae
Published: May 2022

The main pathogenesis of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke is the arterial thrombosis which develops on the surface of a ruptured atheromatous plaque or damaged endothelium. Platelets are major cellular components of arterial thrombosis, Several antiplatelet drugs. which interfere with certain steps in the activation process. are prescribed for the secondary or primary prevention of cardiovascular events. Recent clinical trials indicate that the benefits of aspirin treatment in the primary prevention vary by sex. Aspirin therapy reduced the risk of ischemic stroke in women and myocardial infarction in men Because even the low-dose aspirin has a potential of bleeding complications. benefits and risks of aspirin treatment should be balanced in the primary prevention. Clopidogrel，an ADP receptor antagonist, is a more potent, but more expensive antiplatelet agent than aspirin. Combined aspirin and clopidogrel treatment is indicated in patients with acute coronary syndrome or coronary stents, but not with stable cardiovascular diseases because of more bleeding complications platelet glycogen llb/llla antagonists block the final common pathway of the platelets aggregation. These drugs are definitely indicated only in high-risk patients with unstable angina / non-ST elevation myocardial infarction or ST elevation .myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Dipyridamole has an antiplatelet effect by inhibiting the uptake of adenosine into RBC or endothelial cells, and inhibiting cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase. Combined aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole treatment is indicated in the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke
Treatment of rotator cuff tear
Authors: Choi Sung Wook , Seo Kyu-Bum
Published: May 2022

Shoulder impingement syndrome and rotator cuff tears are commonly encountered shoulder problems. Symptoms include pain, weakness and loss of motion. Subacromial impingement with subsequent tendinitis and bursitis is frequently found in young adult patients. Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain in patients over age 40. Causes of impingement include acromioclavicular joint arthritis, calcified coracoacromial ligament，structural abnormalities of the acromion and weakness of the rotator cuff muscles. The majority of subacromial impingement and incomplete rotator cuff tears may be successfully managed with conservative treatment (rest，ice packs. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and physical therapy). Conservative therapy has been recommended for the treatment of a chronic cuff lesion with relatively good results. However, recent reports about operative treatment of cuff lesions have yielded more favorable results. The indication for operative treatment was persistent, severe or moderate pain at rest and impairment of shoulder function after initial conservative treatment. This article discusses etiology and treatment of rotator cuff disorders in the primary care setting. We recommend operative treatment of the rotator cuff for all cases in which the tear is full thickness. regardless of tear size，if patients have any symptoms. especially pain. When surgery is associated with a careful rehabilitation programme it may frequently allow patients to return to their baseline function.
Trends of cancer incidences on the distal esophagus and gastric cardia in Jeju residents，
Authors: Kim Eun Hee , Yang Young Ja , Bae Jong Myon
Published: May 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate trends in incidence rates for distal esophageal cancer and gastric cardia cancer according to subsite over the period 2000-2003 in Jeju and to review the effects of reclassifying two regions by tumor location.Methods: The subjects were obtained from the database of Jejudo Cancer Registry (JCR). AII patients were diagnosed newly as esophageal and gastric cancers from 2000 through 2003. Crude incidence rates (CR) and age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were computed by anatomic subsites and sex. Results: Between the years 2000 and 2003 there were 86 cases of esophageal cancer in Jeiu. In 2000-2001, the ASR of distal esophageal cancer in men was 0.84/100,000: it declined to 0.27/100,000 in 2002-2003. The ASR of distal esophageal cancer in women was 0 from 2000 to 2003. For gastric cancer, there were 876 cases between the years 2000 and 2003. In 2000-2001, the ASR of gastric cardia cancer in men was 0.74/100,000; it increased to 1.62/100,000 in 2002-2003. The ASR of gastric cardia cancer in women was 1.01/100, 000 in 2000-2001; it declined to 0. 52/100,000 in 2002-2003.Conclusions: There was no evidence about increasing incidence of distal esophageal cancer in both men and women. But an increasing trend of esophageal cancer in both men and women and an increasing trend of cardia cancer in men and an deceasing trend of non cardia cancer in men were observed, as like as western countries.
Individualized therapy for chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Song Byung-Cheol
Published: May 2022

The goal of anti-viral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B is complete suppression of HBV replication，normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase and prevention of progression of chronic liver disease to liver cirrhosis，hepatocellular carcinoma and death. For the past decade, even though the natural course of HBV infection has been well known and dramatic advances have been made in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B with the use of oral nucleos(t)ide analogue, anti-viral resistance is emerging issue in the treatment for chronic hepatitis B. Herein, I will summarize current treatment strategies to treat the patients and to prevent antiviral resistance.
Medical treatment for osteoarthritis
Authors: Kim Jinseok
Published: May 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and is one of leading causes of chronic disability among older individuals. The occurrence of OA is increasing because of increasing prevalence of obesity and the aging of the community OA is a disease affecting synovial joints and is characterized by degradation and loss of articular cartilage with subchondral bone remodeling，osteophyte formation and synovial membrane inflammation. Genetic, biologic, biochemical, nutritional and mechanical factors besides degeneration of cartilage contribute to the process of OA. The targets of therapy in OA include inflammation, cartilage breakdown, chondrocyte apoptosis, and subchondral bone remodeling. There are no curative agents, and the current goals of the treatment of OA are to relieve pain and minimized loss of function. Therapeutic development must consider that OA is a complex disease with wide variety of clinical presentations. In spite of intensive research in disease-modifying agents, there is limited evidence to support their use in routine clinical practice. This article reviews existing data on the current treatments for OA.
The effects of mental health promotion program at a middle school
Authors: Kwak Young Sook , Kang Mi Seon
Published: May 2022

objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of mental health promotion program at a middle school. Methods: The subjects for this study were 52 students of a middle school in Jeju. The subjects participated in 9 consecutive sessions of mental health promotion program. The authors investigated the effects of the program by evaluating the students with Minnesola Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Conner-Wells, Adolescent Self-Report Scale (CASS), Children's Depression Inventory (COI) before the initial session and after the final session. The data was analyzed by t-test in SPSS PC+ 10.0. The range of significance was p<0.05. Results: After finishing the program. the experiment group showed statistically significant decrease of scores of Hypochondriasis, Paranoia and Schizophrenia subscales of MMPI. Bul control group showed statistically significant increase of scores in Depression and Psychasthenia subscales. There was no change of CASS scores in both groups. And also the experiment group showed statistically significant decrease of CDI scores.Conclusion: The mental health promotion program reduced the students ’ risk of mental health problems. These results support the effects of a school mental health promotion program.
Treatment of unilateral plagiocephaly
Authors: Yun Byung Min
Published: May 2022

The definition of plagiocephaly(unilateral and bilateral) is early closure of coronal suture. Between unilateral and bilateral case, unilateral case is more difficult in treatment than bilateral plagiocephaly. The author experienced unilateral plagiocephaly, so describe the case.
Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy
Authors: Shim Soon-Sup
Published: May 2022

Toxoplasmosis is a parasite infestation in which the definitive host is the cat. In healthy adults. most cases are asymptomatic and usually require no treatment. However, the primary infection in pregnant women can cause congenital toxoplasmosis to the baby. Therefore, pregnant women with no history of infection should avoid cat feces, and soil - which may be contaminated with cat feces - should be cleaned thoroughly and meat should be cooked well because it may contain tissue cysts. This article reviews the toxoplasmosis and the management during pregnancy.
Survey on the educational satisfaction of 119 rescuer in Jeju
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

Prehospital emergency medical system depends on 119 rescuer's ability, so the efforts of education on 119 rescuers are important factors for the improvement of rescuer's emergency management. Until now, many emergency cares of 119 rescuer are inappropriate improvement of education system on 119 rescuer is needed.
Clinical analysis on the use of emergency medical center in patients of Jeju Regional
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

Cancer patients is being increased annually, and reached up to 464, 857 in 2008. Many cancer patients suffer from the progression of their diseases and various complications that follow the treatmenl such as operation. chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. so visit emergency medical center to solve their problems. From April 2009 to June 2009, totally 104 cancer patients visited emergency medical center of Jeju National University Hospital, and the mean age was 54.38±19.05 years old. Male patients were 67.3%. and most symptoms presented were pain(25.0%), gastrointestinal symptoms(20.2%). and respiratory symptoms( 13.5%), For total care of cancer patients. the comprehension of their visits to emergency medical center and the proper preparedness for the management are needed. based on the analysis on cancer patients in emergency medical center.
Comparison of genetic and derived amino acid changes in full-Iength hepatitis B virus genome between the patients with self-Iimited acute hepatitis B and those with acute exacerbation (AE) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during HBeAg seroconversion.
Authors: Cui Xiu-Ji , Cho Yoo-Kyung , Song Hyun Joo , Choi Eun Kwang , Kim Heung Up , Song Byung-Cheol
Published: May 2022

The aim of study was to compare the genetic differences in full-length HBV DNA between the patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB) and those with acute exacerbation (AE) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during HBeAg seroconversion. The sequence was determined from serial sera of AHB (n=3) and CHB (n=3) at presentation and after HBeAg seroconversion. AII patients have been infected by subgenotype C2 of HBV. There was no marked genetic diversity in full-Iength genome of HBV between AHB and CHB during AE (CHB vs. AHB (%): 1.33 ± O.4g vs. 1.03 ± 0.25) and after HBeAg seroconversion (CHB vs. AHB (%): 1.40 ± 0.61 vs. 1.35 ± 0.35). However, ln C and Sgene, the genetic diversity was higher in patients with CHB than in those with AHB at AE (CHB vs. AHB (%): C gene, 1.23 ± 0.23 vs. 0.40 ± 0.17; S gene, 1.03 ± 0.55 vs. 0.57 ± 0.38), but il didn't show remarkable differences after H8eAg seroconversion (CH8 vs. AH8 (%): C gene, 1.23 ± 0.31 vs. 1.20 ± 0.71: S gene, 0.97 ± 0.61 vs. 0.75 ± 0.35). Interestingly, the substitutions in these genes were likely to occur on putative HLA class l/ll restricted epitopes, and the changes of gene in core and surface epitope-related codon were higher in CH8 Ihan AH8. In AH8, genetic change of C gene was higher after HBeAg seroconversion than in acute status (HBeAg H vs. acute status (%):C gene. 1.20 ± 0.71 VS. 0.40 ± 0.17). In contrast，there were no remarkable differences in CHB before or after H8eAg seroconversion. The different pattern of genetic variation that related to immune escape. between AHB and CHB might be associated with the different clinical consequences after HBeAg seroconversion.
Galangin protects hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress via the scavenging of reactive oxygen species
Authors: Piao Mei Jing , Kang Kyoung Ah , Hyun Jin Won
Published: May 2022

Flavonoids are a class of secondary metabolites abundantly found in fruits and vegetables. In addition, flavonoids have been reported as potent antioxidants with beneficial effects against oxidative stress related diseases such as cancer, aging, and diabetes. Galangin (3, 5, 7-trihydroxyfravone)，a member of the flavonol class of flavonoid, is present in high concentrations in medicinal plants (e.g. Alpinia officinarum) and propolis, a natural beehive product. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of galanin against hydrogen peroxide (H202) induced oxidative stress. Galanginwas found to quench the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species generated by H202 treatment in cells, which is detected by a spectrofluorometer after staining of 2’,7' -dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA). These results suggest that galangin protected V79-4 lung fibroblast cells against H202-induced oxidative stress via the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Proximal catheter facture of Vvntrieuloperitoneal sunt: Case report
Authors: Lee Chang Sub , Sim Ki Bum , Park Jung Cheol , Huh Ji Soon
Published: May 2022

Ten-month-old boy presented generalized tonic clonic seizure and somnolence. Six months earlier, he underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt for treating hydrocephalus. Brain computed tomography scan showed a freeFloating catheter in the right lateral ventricle and huge porencephalic cysts. On operative findings, proximal catheter was broken at the point where the right angle clip was placed on the burr hole. The fractured catheter showed no degenerative changes such as calcifications. Redundancy of the proximal catheter, motion around the reservoir and loose periosteal securing for the reservoir might responsible for the slippage of the catheter out of the right angle clip and the fracture of the proximal catheter.
Gynecomastia
Authors: Kim Kwang Sik , Lim Gil Chae , Yun Byung Min
Published: May 2022

Gynecomastia has an incidence of 32 to 65% in the male population. This condition has important physical and psychological impacts. The etiology of gynecomastia is multifactorial. Surgical management mostly consisted of excisional technique. This article reviews exciting article on the gynecomastia.
Prevalence of HAV Ab IgG and anti-HBs Ab and HBV vaccination history of adults in Jeju
Authors: Park Jun Hoo , Lim Chang Uk , Kim Hyeon Ju , Kong Mihee
Published: May 2022

Recently, the incidence of acute hepatitis A was reported to be increased. The prevalence of hepatitis A is associated with socioeconomic and hygiene status. This study is to investigate theseroprevalence of hepatitis A virus antibody and hepatitis B virus antibody in Jeju province and investigate vaccination history of hepatitis B virus. From June 2008 to March 2009, we tested HAV Ab IgG of 468 healthy adult subjects who visited the health promotion center in Jeju National University Hospital and reviewed a total of 929 questionnaire about of HBV vaccination history and tested anti-HBs Ab of 1000 subjects. According to gender, the seropositive rate of HAV Ab IgG was 91.5% inmen, 90.5% in women, there was no significant gap between gender groups. According to age, 9.5% under 29 years, 85.9% in 30-39 years, 97.1 % in 40-49 years, 100% in above 50 years. The seropositive rate was on the increase with age. The prevalence rate of anti-HBs Ab was decreased with age (82.6% in under 29 years. 66.5% in 30-39 years, 70.5% in 40-49 years, 63.7% in 50-59 years, 58.3% above 60 years). About history and frequency of HBV vaccination subjects didn't know vaccination history as age decreased, the HBV vaccination rale in subjects who knew vaccination history were significantly increased with age. Regardless of age, the prevalence rate of anti-HBs Ab was higher in subjects who had vaccination history. The prevalence of HAV Ab IgG below age 30 in Jeju is quite low, so HAV vaccination below age 30 would be necessary. Younger subjects didn't know about their HBV vaccination history and subjects who had HBV vaccination history tended to show higher prevalence rate of anti-HBV antibody. So education about importance of knowing aboug vaccination history when childhood would be necessary.
Expression of osteopontin in the central nervous system of BALB/c mice
Authors: Park Junwoo , Ahn Meejung
Published: May 2022

Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin and calcium-binding phosphoprotein that is produced by mineralized tissue cells, many epithelial cells, and activated immune system cells The aim of this study was to examine the expression and cellular localization of OPN in the central nervous system, including the cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cord. Female BALB/c mice (25g, 8 weeks oId) tissues were collected and used for Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis showed that OPN was detected 55- (upper) and 29-kDa (lower) in the central nervous system. OPN immunoreactivity was low in the cerebrum: moderate in the cerebellum; and high in the spinal cord. Immunohistochemical study showed that the expression of OPN was immunostained neuron and astrocytes in central nervous system. In the olfactory bulb, OPN immunoreactivity was found in mitral cell layer and glomerular layer, but not in external plexiform layer. In the hippocampus, OPN expression was observed in the peripheral area but not CA regions. In the cerebellum, OPN immunoreactivity was found in purkinje cell layer and molecular layer, bul not in granule cell layer. In spinal cord, OPN immunoreactivity was weakly found in neuron and some astrocyte. The present study is the first to report that OPN is variably expressed in CNS tissue. This finding suggests that OPN may play an important role in neurons and astrocytes in the normal central nervous system. Further study is needed to elucidate the functional role of OPN in central nervous system.
Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor
Authors: Kim Heung Up
Published: May 2022

Carcinoid tumor is a relatively rare neoplasm occurring in the alimentary tract, trachea, lung, biliary tract and ovary. The term Karzinαd was named by Oberndorfer al first as a hormonally active tumor follows a more benign clinical course than most other malignancies and has unique structures composed of low dysplastic cells and slow growth pattern. Of all carcinoid, about 70-90% of the tumors are developed in gastrointestinal tract. Recently the gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor is increasing because of screening endoscopy. So I review the general characteristics of gastrointestinal carcinoid.
The management of osteoporosis
Authors: Lee Dae Ho
Published: May 2022

The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis is challenging in the elderly. Both early evatuation and proper management are very important to prevent an osteoporotic fracture. Recent development of the newer and stronger anti-resorptive agents is somewhat promising. However, many questions remain with regard to the treatment of osteoporosis; the selection of drugs, the duration of treatment, safety, side effects. Powerful aminobisphosphonate can cause osteonecrosis of the jaw. The increase in bone mineral density due to bisphosphonates accounts for only a quarier of their antifracture action. The evaluation of bone mineral density is not a perfect method. And, blood or urine markers of bone formation or resorption are easily affected by various factors. The follow-up interval after the initiation of drug treatment needs to be settled down. And, other supportive measures also need to be added to manage osteoporosis effectively. This communication discusses about such issues which have been appearing in recent publications.
Effect of collagen purified from red sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) in Jeju on growth of human fibroblast cells
Authors: Lim Hee Kyung , Cho Monnjae
Published: May 2022

Pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) from red sea cucumber (Stichopus japanicus) was purified to study the effects on human fibroblast cell line. PSC(1.92g) was purified out of 100g of sea cucumber body. SDS-PAGE analysis of purified PSC indicated that collagen from sea cucumber was α1ß type collagen type I. The PSC did not have cytotoxicity on various cell Iines. The treatment of PSC to human fibroblast cells increase the mRNA of MMP-1 gene not that of MMP-2 compared to untreated control. However, in case of MMP-2, mRNA is decreased upon PSC treatment. Treatment of PSC suppressed the synthesis of collagen in vivo. Unlike to fibroblast, keratinocyte reduced the MMP-2 production upon PSC treatment.
Application of color science in dentistry
Authors: Kim Sung Joon , Baek Kyung Won
Published: May 2022

The color and appearance of teeth and oral structures are a complex phenomenon, with many factors such as lighting conditions, translucency, opacity, light scattering, gloss and the human eye and brain influencing the overall perception of tooth color. In clinical practice and research, measurements of the color of natural tooth, gingiva, restorative craniofacial and dental materials are important and applicable to many field. The application of color science in dentistry has enabled the measurement of tooth color in an objective way, with the most common color space in current use being CIE Lab system. This article will provide the color science pertinent to teeth and maxillofacial structure and measurement with geometrical aspects of measuring systems. Also, the article includes the color difference and perception aspects of tooth color together with a review of the range of tooth color measured in different populations.
Diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic sinusitis
Authors: Lim Gil chai , Kim Jeong Hong , Lee Jaechun
Published: May 2022

Paranasal sinusitis is defined as the inflammation in mucosa of paranasal sinuses. Depending on the disease period, paranasal sinusitis can be categorized as acute(less than 4 weeks in duration), subacute(more than 4 weeks but less than 12 weeks), and chronic(more than 12 weeks) sinusitis. The majority of infectious causes of paranasal sinusitis are viral events. The causes of chronic paranasal sinusitis are multiple, including infectious, allergic, anatomic, mucociliary, and systemic disorders. Diagnosis of paranasal sinusitis depends on the symptoms, signs, and radiologic findings. Treatments of paranasal sinusitis include conservative management, antibacterial medication, and surgery depending on different disease process.
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4) polymorphisms in atherothrombotic ischemic stroke patients in Jeju
Authors: Lee Su-Hyun , Choi Jay-Chol , Lee Keun Hwa
Published: May 2022

The Toll-like receptor 4(TLR 4) polymorphism, which attenuates receptor signaling and diminishes the inflammatory response to gram-negative pathogens, is known to be associated with a decreased risk of carotid atherosclerosis. However, whether the TLR 4 polymorphism is also useful in evaluating the risk of alherothrombolic stroke is currently unknown. We investigated the association between the TLR 4 polymorphism and risk of atherothrombotic stroke using a case-control design. This study enrolled 48 stroke patients and the same number of age- and sex-matched controls. All of the subjects in this study underwent a structured interview and had their vascular risk factors assessed. With stroke patients 48 and 48 control group DNA used tlr4 gene amplification and analyzed stroke patients group and control group do not have TLR 4(Asp299Gly) polymorphism.
Examination of Colorectal Cancer Patient's Asciter by 2D-Electrophoresis
Authors: Chang Weon-young
Published: May 2022

Cellular signaling pathways are changed by genetic aberrations which result in many diseases. These changes can be detected as altered cellular protein profiles in the body fluid. The tissue interstitial fluid (TIF) is the major target for clinical chemistry to quantitatively detect these changed protein profiles using modern proteomic techniques. But the limitation is the marked 1000-1500- fold dilution of body fluid proteins, during their passage from TIF to the circulatory system. Here, we use ascites to find out the possibility as a sample of TIF. This method can be used to understand colorectal cancer patients and utilized to design protein biomarkers for early detection of disease.
The Role of Jeju Regional Cancer Center for Education of Hospice Palliative Care
Authors: Lee Eun Kyung , Huh Jung-Sik
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Education of hospice palliative care is essential for ensuring quality of end-of-life care. The purposes of this study is the role of Jeju regional cancer center's education about hospice palliative care.Methods: We analyzed the data of Questionnaire from hospice professionals, who received educations that had hold about hospice palliative care from 2007 to 2009 at Jeju cancer center.Results: 89 of 305 was included because complete response. The ratio of male verse female was 9:80. The predominant sequence was volunteer, nurse, social worker, officer, clergy, doctor. Although answer was different according to role of hospice palliative care, problems of hospice palliative institutions was deficiency of operating fund and knowledge of hospice palliative care of terminal patients. Motivation of concern with hospice were religious volunteer service and relation of duty at the institution. Carrier of hospice was about less than 1 year. The hope of regional cancer center were various hospice education program and promotion of regional cooperation.Conclusion: Most hospice professionals dont have experience of hospice palliative care and has not received proper amount of hospice education in Jeju. Jeju regional cancer center need to improve education programs of hospice palliative care according to the role of it.
Neuroprotective activities of Citrus sunki peel extract against neuroinflammation and microglia-mediated neurotoxicity
Authors: Wu Jin-ji , Cui Yanji , Jung Sung-Cherl , Eun Su-young
Published: May 2022

It has been reported that neuroinflammation is associated with the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the treatments of anti-inflammatory drugs show the progress of these disease. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of ethanol extracts of Citrus sunki peel(CPE) in BV2 microglia and HT22 neurons. It was found that CPE significantly suppressed LPS-induced NO production, pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and proinflammatory enzyme Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in BV2 microglia. It also reduced LPS-induced NF-kB translocation and phosphorylation of MAP kinase (ERK, JNK, and p38). On the other hand, CPE significantly attenuated the neurotoxicity induced by BV2 microglia. Taken together, these results suggest that CPE has therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases via regulation of microglial activation.
Thenar flap
Authors: Shin Myung Soo , Yun Byung Min
Published: May 2022

The thenar flap is a time-tested method of fingertip reconstruction. The authors review thenar flap with case report.