bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Learning from Home Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di SMP Negeri 2 Sindang Kabupaten Indramayu Jawa Barat
Authors: Cecep Mujamil
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the learning from home (BDR) process during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP Negeri 2 Sindang Indramayu Regency. This study used a combination method (mixed methods). The data collection technique used is questionnaires that are given to students once a month. The subject of this study is a student of SMP Negeri 2 Sindang Indramayu Regency. Based on the results of the study, in general, the implementation of learning from home (BDR) in students of SMP Negeri 2 Sindang Indramayu Regency runs quite effectively with a percentage of 60-79%. The implementation of learning from home has less good effectiveness in the difficulty of understanding subjects, materials, and evaluation processes. Recommended in learning from home (BDR), teachers are required to be able to design learning activities from planning to evaluation in a simpler, creative and effective way.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Profesional Guru dalam Menyusun RPP melalui Supervisi Kelompok di MIS AlMustajab Kec. Pulau Petak
Authors: Muslim
Published: December 2022

This research aims to describe the implementation of group supervision activities to improve the professionalism of teachers in compiling RPPs in MIS AlMustajab, Pulau Petak Subdistrict. This research uses action research methods consisting of 2 cycles including preparatory, planning, implementation, observation, and assessment activities. Data collection techniques use observations, Q&A and questionnaires. Data analysis methods use flow models, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion draw. The results showed that group supervision activities can increase teacher professionalism in preparing RPP with the criteria for action success has passed in the 2nd cycle, which reaches a score of 90% (Excellent). The coaching model through a group supervision approach as one of the coaching models that can improve the professional competence of teachers can be utilized in teacher coaching by madrasah heads and supervisors.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPS Materi Perdagangan Internasional melalui Model Discovery Learning pada Siswa MTs Negeri 4 Gunungkidul
Authors: Rugiyana
Published: December 2022

This research aims to improve student learning outcomes through the application of the Discovery Learning model. The subject of this study is a student of class XI-B MTs Negeri 4 Gunungkidul for the 2021/2022 school year on IPS subjects in International Trade materials. The study used classroom action research methods conducted through two cycles including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection activities. The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes each cycle. The assessment of student learning outcomes in cycle I obtained an average of 58.5 grades with less criteria and 40.6% completeness, while in cycle II obtained an average score of 71.32 with sufficient criteria and 75% completeness. Discovery learning model can be applied to class XI students in madrasahs to improve learning outcomes.
Pengelolaan Materi Moderasi Beragama, Etika, dan Budaya dalam Pembelajaran Sastra Indonesia di Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Nuryati Djihadah
Published: December 2022

This research aims to describe the concept of internalization of the values of religious moderation, ethics and culture in literary learning in Madrasah Aliyah. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods of analytics. Research data collection techniques use interviews, observations, and documentation. The study respondents were Indonesian language and literature teachers in Madrasah Aliyah Soebono Mantofani and Madrasah Aliyah Islamiyah Ciputat students of South Tangerang City of Banten province. The results of this study explain that the internalization of the values of religious moderation, ethics and culture can be developed through the management of literary learning in Madrasah Aliyah. Internalization of the values of religious moderation, ethics and culture is applied through learning management in the form of planning, organizing, implementing, and assessing or evaluating learning so as to form the attitude of religious moderation of students.
Problem Based Learning: Mengembangkan Keterampilan Peserta Didik dalam Menemukan Peluang Hubungan Antar Variabel Materi Sistem Reproduksi di MTs Negeri 8 Gunungkidul
Authors: Widiyastuti Kendah Romi
Published: December 2022

Learning resources other than teachers who play an important role in helping the learning process to achieve Competency Standards (SK) and Basic Competencies (KD) are teaching materials. Learning using PBL (Problem Based Learning) based teaching materials encourages students to think about solving the problems presented. This allows students to think critically by paying attention to the problems at hand. This study aims to determine the application of PBL-based teaching materials to human reproductive system learning to the ability to find opportunities for MTs students. The subject of the study was students of IX MTs Negeri 8 Gunungkidul for the 2022/2023 academic year. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and interviews. The results of the study found that the application of PBL-based teaching materials can develop students' ability to find opportunities for relationships between variables in the reproductive system material. PBL-based teaching materials can be developed to be even better by teachers to improve students' thinking skills.
Implementasi E-Modul Interaktif dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Biologi di SMA Negeri 1 Gondang
Authors: Hartati Ninik
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the influence of the application of interactive e-modules on motivation and learning outcomes simultaneously and conventional e-modules (as a control group). This type of research is quasi-experimental and designed with a non-equivalent pre and post test control group design. The population in this study was the entire class X at SMA Negeri 1 Gondang. Samples were selected by a simple random sampling technique, class X MIPA 2 as the control class, and class X MIPA 3 as the experimental class. Learning motivation data is obtained through filling out a likert-scale learning motivation questionnaire, while learning outcomes data is obtained through learning outcomes evaluation tests. The data were analyzed descriptively and hypothesis testing using the Manova Test. The results showed that (1) There was a significant difference between motivation and learning outcomes simultaneously (p < 0.05), (2) There was no significant difference in student learning motivation, the type of module only affected 2.90% of student learning motivation (p > 0.05) and (3) There was a significant difference in learning outcomes between students who were taught by applying interactive e-modules and conventional e-modules, the type of module affected by 30.80% on student learning outcomes (p < 0.05). The application of interactive e-modules affects student motivation and learning outcomes simultaneously, but does not affect student learning motivation.
Blanded Learning: Peningkatkan Motivasi Guru Rumpun PAI dalam Melaksanakan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di MA Sunan Pandan Aran
Authors: Ida Uswatun Hasanah
Published: December 2022

This study aims to increase the motivation of PAI teachers at MA Sunan Pandan Aran in carrying out distance learning in 2021/2022 through blanded learning by utilizing classroom whatsapp. This research is a surveillance action research. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, action, observation and reflection. Actions in cycle 1 and cycle 2 use actions in the form of blanded learning. Data is obtained through direct observation when teachers carry out blanded learning. Descriptive analysis is presented in tabular form to make it easier to understand the research results presented. The results showed that the implementation of blanded learning through whatsapp classes can increase teacher motivation to carry out distance learning. The implementation of blanded learning in cycle 1 showed an increase in the motivation of pai teachers by 42.8% with high motivation, while the other 57.2% were still in the category of sufficient motivation. In the second cycle, it showed an increase in the motivation of PAI teachers in MA Sunan Pandan Aran by 85.7% with high motivation, while the other 14.3% was still in the category of sufficient motivation. This success is in accordance with the success criteria, namely the blanded learning model is said to be successful if 85% of pai MA Sunan Pandan Aran teachers show high motivation in carrying out long-distance learning.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Scramble terhadap Minat dan Hasil Belajar Matematika di SD Negeri Nanggulan Maguwoharjo
Authors: Ningsih Susi Setia Ningsih , Imam Machali
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the influence of the scramble learning model on the interest and learning outcomes of fourth grade mathematics at SDN Nanggulan. This type of research is a Quasi Experiment with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, tests, interviews and documentation. Hypothesis testing using Multivariate Of Analysis Variance (MANOVA).To test the data analysis is done by using the SPSS application. The results showed that 1) There is an influence of the scramble learning model on the interest in learning mathematics of fourth grade students with the results of the univariate test analysis, namely the sig value. 0.037 < 0.05 and it can be said that Ha is accepted. 2) There is an influence of the scramble learning model on the fourth grade students' mathematics learning outcomes with the results of the univariate test analysis, namely the value of sig. 0.038 < 0.05 and it can be said that Ha is accepted. 3) There is an effect of the Scramble learning model on the interest and learning outcomes of fourth grade students in mathematics. This is based on the results of the multivariate test analysis, namely the results of the Pillai's Trace, Wilks' Lambda, Hotelling's Trace and Roy's Largest Root tests have a sig value. of 0.040 < 0.05 and it can be said that Ha is accepted.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Inggris pada Pokok Bahasan Narrative Reading melalui Media Gambar di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 4 Sleman
Authors: Hanti Watmi Rejeki
Published: December 2022

This study discusses the use of image media to increase students' understanding and activeness in learning English on the subject of narative reading. This research was conducted on class XI social studies 3 MAN 4 Sleman students with a total of 17 students. The method used in this study is a class action research method. Each cycle goes through the stages of planning, execution, observation, and reflection. From the results of the first cycle research, students who obtained a score of > 70 were 50.58% with sufficient categories. The test results in cycle II of students who obtained a score of > 70 were 100% with an active category. The use of image media successfully optimizes students' ability to understand narrative text and increases the effectiveness of student learning.
Identifikasi Boraks pada Makanan dengan Ekstraks Oxalis Triangularis untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik di MTs Negeri 4 Kulon Progo
Authors: Siti Suwarni
Published: December 2022

This paper is prepared as a means of publishing creative, innovative, and efficient work that can help teachers and students in learning, especially science subjects, especially in borax testing on food by utilizing ingredients that are easy to make and easy to get in the environment around the school. This paper presents how to create and use borax indicators from butterfly plant extract (Oxalis triangularis) performed based on knowledge, existing literature, and experiments. This research uses qualitative research methods with a literature review approach. The subject of the study was students of class VIII-C MTs Negeri 4 Kulon Progo in the Odd Semester of the 2022/2023 Academic Year. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that butterfly plant extract (Oxalis triangularis) can be used for the identification of borax in food. The use of butterfly plants (Oxalis triangularis) for the identification of borax in food can increase student learning activities and can shape the character of students to be sensitive to the environment and utilize the environment as a learning medium, especially in science subjects in food test materials.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Biologi di MAN 2 Kota Cirebon
Authors: Endang Suhaeni
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the application of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) type of cooperative learning model in improving Biology learning outcomes in the material "describing the characteristics of viruses, replication and their role in life." This research is an action research, conducted in two cycles including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection activities. The subject of the study was a class X MIA MAN 2 student in Cirebon City. The results showed that the average score of learning outcomes in cycle I of 62.5% increased to 87.5% in cycle II. The Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) type of cooperative learning model can be applied in the learning process to students at the Madrasah Aliyah level.
Behavior Study of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Wettability of Electrodeposited ZnO Thin Films for Microcapacitor Application
Authors: Debbab Moustafa , Ghellai Nassera , Ikumapayi Omolayo M. , Gabouze Noureddine , Lorenzini Giulio , Yaddadene Chafiaa , Berouaken Malika , Menni Younes
Published: December 2022

In this work, electrodeposition was used to produce thin zinc oxide layers on n-type silicon substrates. It has been investigated how annealing at 400∘C affects the deposit's morphological and structural characteristics. SEM, X-ray diffraction, and contact angle measurements have all been used to study the morphology and structure of nonannealed and annealed ZnO. Three intense peaks were visible in the XRD patterns of non-annealed ZnO thin films along the (100), (002) and (101) planes, however these peaks' intensities were different in the XRD patterns of annealed ZnO layers. Furthermore, the 2θ diffraction angle shift can be seen in the XRD patterns of annealed and unannealed ZnO layers. The contact angle measurements showed that the nonannealed ZnO layers are hydrophobic; however, at a temperature of 400∘C for annealing, the ZnO layer surface becomes hydrophilic. Finally, SEM data validate the XRD and contact angle findings by showing how ZnO structure changes from a sand rose shape to a granular structure. Additionally, the ZnO/n− Si micro-capacitor device has been developed and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to evaluate it. Finally, a microcapacitor made of ZnO and n−Si showed a high specific capacitance of 128mF/g.
Sindroma Kardiorenal
Authors: Lucas Shirly
Published: December 2022

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) atau sindroma kardiorenal merupakan suatu kondisi dimana terjadi penyakit ginjal dan penyakit jantung secara bersamaan yang progresifitasnya terjadi dengan cepat. Pada kasus dimana penyakit jantung merupakan penyakit primer, yang terjadi adalah gangguan dinamika kardioavaskular, aktivasi neurohormonal dan faktor inflamasi yang terlibat dalam awal-mulanya perburukan fungsi ginjal dan penyakit ginjal yang progresif.Sepsis adalah “respons sistemik terhadap infeksi yang telah terdokumenetasi atau masih dicurigai dan terjadi disfungsi satu organ”; terdiri dari hipotermia/hipertermia, takikardia, takipnea, infeksi, dan disfungsi organ akhir akibat hipoperfusi. Sepsis yang lebih modern didasari konsep SIRS, sebuah istilah yang mendeskripsikan kompleks imun sebagai respons infeksi dan digunakan untuk menggambarkan ciri klinis yang berkaitan dengan respons tersebut. Penggunaan klinis SIRS menggambarkan kekacauan laju nafas, frekuensi denyut jantung, temperature, dan jumlah leukosit. Jika ada 2 dari 4 kriteria di bawah ini, SIRS bisa ditegakkan: nafas > 20 kali per menit atau PaCo2 <32 mmHg, frekuensi nadi >90 kali per menit, suhu >38o C atau <36o C, dan leukosit >12,000/mm3 atau <4,000/mm3.CRS sepsis adalah disfungsi renal dan kardiak yang terjadi bersamaan dalam sebuah kondisi sistemik primer yang mempengaruhi kedua organ. “Tuntutan iskemik” jantung didasarkan pada alasan meningkatnya kebutuhan oksigen berkaitan dengan respons sepsis (misalnya takikardia, peningkatan curah jantung) yang mengarah kepada cedera iskemik. Disfungsi renal dapat dilihat selama sepsis berat dan merupakan bagian dari gambaran klinis syok septik dan kegagalan multi organ.
Natrium Laktat Hipertonik dan Strong Ions Difference (SID) Pada Pasien Sectio Caesaria
Authors: Nurastadila Tutus , Leksana Ery , Budiono Uripno
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Tatalaksana cairan merupakan bagian penting penanganan pasien pada masa perioperatif. Volume plasma yang adekuat penting untuk mempertahankan curah jantung dan seterusnya perfusi jaringan. Pada wanita hamil terjadi penumpukan natrium dan kalium selama kehamilan, akan tetapi secara kesuluruhan konsentrasi elektrolit -elektrolit tersebut menurun karena terjadi retensi cairan yang menyebabkan hemodilusi. Selama ini, volume perdarahan yang terjadi diganti berdasarkan jumlah yang keluar tanpa memperhatikan keseimbangan asam-basa. Dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan asam-basa, akan sangat membantu dalam mengelola pasien paska operasi.Tujuan: Untuk membuktikan bahwa cairan sodium laktat hipertonik lebih baik dibanding cairan haes-steril 6% dalam mempertahankan keseimbangan asam-basa Stewart dalam tindakan operasi sectio caesaria.Metode: Penelitian ini termasuk eksperimental berupa uji klinik tahap 2 bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian cairan sodium laktat hipertonik dan infus haes-steril 6% terhadap strong ions difference (SID) yang berdasarkan metode Stewart. Sampel berjumlah 48 pasien dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok LH mendapat sodium laktat hipertonik 250 ml dan kelompok Haes mendapat Haes-steril 6% 500 ml, selama operasi sectio caesaria. Darah vena diambil sebelum operasi dan setelah operasi. Data -data yang dicatat untuk perhitungan statistik yang termasuk dalam tujuan penelitian ini adalah kadar elektrolit. Uji statistik menggunakan independent t-test dan paired t-test, dengan derajat kemaknaan a = 0,05.Hasil: SID pada kelompok sodium laktat hipertonik sebelum dan sesudah operasi sectio caesaria mengalami kenaikan yang bermakna p=0,000 (p <0,05). SID pada kelompok Haes sebelum dan sesudah operasi sectio caesaria mengalami penurunan yang bermakna p=0,000 (p < 0,05).Simpulan : Pemberian infus sodium laktat hipertonik dapat mempertahankan SID paska operasi dimana SID meningkat menuju nilai normal dibandingkan infus Haes-steril 6% yang mengalami penurunan nilai SID.
Pengaruh Pretreatment Vitamin C 200 Miligram Terhadap Kadar Cortisol Serum Pada Induksi Etomidat
Authors: Anggraeni Ratna , Satoto Hariyo , Nurcahyo Widya Istanto
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Etomidat adalah salah satu agen anestesi yang berefek minimal terhadap kardiovaskular. Namun, etomidat mendepresi produksi kortisol. Salah satu agen yang dapat meminimalisir efek depresi tersebut adalah vitamin C.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pretreatment vitamin C 200 mg pada operasi elektif dengan anestesi umum terhadap kadar kortisol serum.Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Randomized Contolled Trial dengan 30 subjek yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok sama besar (n=15), yaitu kelompok kontrol yang menerima etomidat 0,2 mg/kgBB dan kelompok perlakuan yang menerima etomidat dan vitamin C 200 mg iv preoperasi. Masing-masing kelompok tersebut selanjutnya diperiksa kadar kortisolnya pre anestesi, 2 jam pasca induksi, 8 jam pasca induksi. Uji statistik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Paired T Test digunakan untuk membandingkan kadar kortisol di masing-masing kelompok. Uji Mann Whitney dan Independent Sample T Test digunakan untuk membandingkan antar kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok kontrol, kadar kortisol preanestesi 244,15 dan 2 jam pasca induksi 185,52 + 35,88 berbeda bermakna (p=0,002). Begitu pula antara kadar 2 jam dengan 8 jam pasca induksi 349,81 + 121,28 (p=0,000). Sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan, kadar kortisol antara pre anestesi 258,49 (175,45-369,09) dan 2 jam pasca induksi 202,14 + 45,3 tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,256), begitu pula 2 jam pasca induksi dengan 8 jam pasca induksi 251,39 + 122,91 (p=0,691).Kesimpulan: Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian vitamin C 200 mg intra vena 30 menit pre operasi dapat menurunkan efek depresi kortisol oleh pemberian etomidat 0,2 mg/kgBB.
Etomidat Menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah Pasca Induksi Anestesi
Authors: Riffayadi Oddi , Jatmiko Heru Dwi , Sasongko Himawan
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Kekhawatiran etomidat menyebabkan hipoglikemi menjadi masalah. Onset aksi cepat, profil kardiovaskuler rendah dan kurang signifikan menyebabkan penurunan tekanan darah membuat etomidat menjadi pilihan obat anestesi induksi yang cukup baik.Tujuan: membuktikan pengaruh pemberian etomidat dalam menyebabkan penurunan kadar gula darah. Metode: merupakan penelitian pretest postest controlled design pada 40 pasien yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesi umum, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok (n=20), kelompok1,etomidat 0,2 mg/kg ( E2) dan kelompok 2, 0, 4 mg/ kg ( E4). Masing- masing kelompok diperiksa kadar gula darah sebelum 2 jam dan 6 jam sesudah induksi. Uji statistik pair T-test dan Wilcoxon rank sum test terhadap E2 dan E4. Hasil: pada E2 terdapat perbedaan bermakna P= 0,05 antara sebelum dan 2 jam sesudah perlakuan 106, 95 ± 15, 453 mg/dl – 96, 40 ± 14, 966 mg/ dl ; 2 jam dan 6 jam sesudah perlakuan P= 0, 016 ; 96, 40 ±14, 966 mg/dl – 108, 85 ± 27, 238 mg/dl. Sedangkan pada E4 terdapat perbedaan bermakna P= 0, 041 baik sebelum dan 2 jam sesudah 102,60n± `12, 696 mg/dl – 99, 35 ± 15, 938 mg/dl ; sebelum dan 6 jam sesudah perlakuan P= 0, 041; 99, 35 ± 15, 938 mg/dl – 98, 25 ±± 19, 878 mg/dl. Tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara E2 dan E4 dalam menyebabkan penurunan kadar gula darah baik 2 jam P= 0, 550 ; 96, 40 ± 14, 966 mg/ dl- 99, 35 ± 15, 938 mg/ dl, maupun sesudah 6 jam pemberian P= 0, 104 ; 108, 85 ± 27, 238 mg/ dl – 98, 25 ± 19, 878 mg/dl. Secara statistik etomidat menurunkan kadar gula darah baik pada E2 maupun pada E4 tetapi masih dalam batas normal atau secara klinik tidak bermakna. Kesimpulan: etomidat 0, 2 mg/dl (E2) dan 0, 2 mg/ dl (E4) secara statistik bermakna menurunkan kadar gula darah pada 2 jam dan 6 jam sesudah induksi
Ketamin dan Meperidin Untuk Pencegahan Menggigil Pasca Anestesi Umum
Authors: Sarim Budi Yulianto , Budiono Uripno , Sutiyono Doso
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Menggigil pasca anestesi merupakan komplikasi yang cukup sering terjadi. Menggigil menimbulkan keadaan yang tidak nyaman dan berbagai resiko. Karena itu menggigil harus segera dicegah atau diatasi. Sampai saat ini obat paling sering digunakan adalah meperidin. Tujuan: Membuktikan bahwa pemberian ketamin 0,25 mg/kgBB intra vena menjelang akhir operasi lebih efektif dari pada meperidin 0,5mg/kgBB intra vena menjelang akhir operasi untuk mencegah kejadian menggigil pasca anestesi umum. Metode: Merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain “randomized post test only controlled group” pada 72 pasien dengan usia 16 – 60 tahun yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesia umum. Tanda vital ( Tekanan darah diastolik dan sistolik, tekanan arteri rerata, laju jantung dan SaO2 ) diukur 5 menit sebelum induksi. Prosedur induksi anestesi umum dilakukan sesuai standar. Temperatur esofagus diukur segera setelah induksi. Lama operasi dibatasi antara 2 -3 jam. Pada akhir operasi, obat inhalasi dihentikan. Setelah nafas spontan adekuat, reflek laringeal positif dilakukan randomisasi. Pasien dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, dan mendapatkan secara intravena ketamin 0,25 mg/kgBB untuk kelompok 1, meperidin 0,5 mg/kgBB untuk kelompok 2 dan NaCI 0,9% untuk kelompok 3. Ekstubasi dilakukan 5 menit setelah perlakuan. Tanda vital di ukur dicatat segera setelah ekstubasi dan tiap lima menit selama 30 menit. Suhu tubuh diukur segera dan 15 menit setelah ekstubasi. Pasca ekstubasi pasien diberi oksigen 6L/menit. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan One-way ANOVA dan Chi- kuadrat, dengan derajat kemaknaan yaitu p<0,005. Hasil: Data dasar dan data karakteristik klinis sebelum induksi, berbeda tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna tanda vital antara kelompok 1 dengan kelompok 3 saat setelah ekstubasi. Kejadian menggigil pada grup 1 yaitu 4 orang (16,6%) terdiri dari 3 orang menderita derajat 1 dan 1 orang menderita derajat 2, sedangkan pada kelompok 2 terjadi pada 5 orang (20,8%) terdiri dari 4 orang derajat 1 dan 1 orang derajat 2, hal ini secara statistik berbeda tidak bermakna (p=0,500). Perbedaan suhu tubuh grup 1 dan grup 2 berbeda tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Efek samping obat yang timbul pada kelompok 1 sebanyak 1 penderita mengalami mual, sedangkan kelompok 2 sebanyak 7 penderita mengalami mual dan 2 penderita depresi nafas, berbeda bermakna (p=0,012). Kesimpulan: Ketamin 0,25 mg/kgBB dan meperidin 0,5 mg/kgBB mempunyai efektifitas yang sama dalam mencegah menggigil pasca anestesi umum, tetapi ketamin mempunyai efek samping mual yang lebih rendah dibandingkan meperidin.
Perbedaan Pengaruh Pemberian Propofol Pentothal Dan Etomidate Terhadap Perubahan Kadar Procalcitonin Pada Operasi Dengan General Anestesi
Authors: Cahyono Iwan Dwi , Nurcahyo Widya Istanto , Satoto Hari Hendriarto
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Prokalsitonin diperkenalkan dan digunakan sebagai sebuah marker baru dari respon inflamasi terhadap infeksi. Obat induksi anestesi yang biasa digunakan telah diketahui mempengaruhi peningkatan prokalsitonin.Tujuan: Untuk menentukan perbedaan pengaruh dari propofol, pentotal dan etomidat terhadap kadar prokalsitonin dalam general anestesi.Metode: Studi eksperimental terhadap 24 pasien yang dilakukan general anestesi. Sampel dibagi menjadi 3 grup masing-masing 8 sampel tiap grup. Grup 1, 2 dan 3 mendapatkan propofol, pentotal atau etomidat sebagai obat induksi anestesi selama prosedur penelitian, dengan dosis pemberian propofol 2,5 mg/kgbb, pentotal 5 mg/kgbb dan etomidat 0,3 mg/kgbb dan rasio O2 dan N 2O 50% : 50%, sampel darah penderita diambil sebelum induksi anestesi, 4 jam setelah induksi anestesi dan 24 jam setelah induksi anestesi. Semua sampel kemudian dikirim ke laboratorium Patologi Klinik RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang untuk diperiksa kadar prokalsitonin. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan tes Kruskall -Wallis dilanjutkan dengan tes Friedman.Hasil: Karakteristik umum penderita dan data variabel yang didapat kemudian dibandingkan memberikan gambaran distribusi yang merata. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil perbedaan bermakna dari kadar prokalsitonin sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok propofol (p=0,008) dan tidak bermakna pada kelompok pentotal dan etomidat dengan nilai (p=l,00). Dalam kelompok propofol, pentotal dan etomidat nilai tengah dari kadar prokalsitonin adalah (0,175±0,1), (0,05±0,05) dan (0,05±0,05). Secara meyakinkan bahwa propofol menyebabkan peningkatan kadar prokalsitonin dibandingkan pentotal dan etomidat, dengan nilai (p=0,053)Kesimpulan: Propofol secara meyakinkan meningkatkan kadar prokalsitonin dibandingkan pentotal dan etomidat.
Perbedaan Pengaruh Pemberian Etomidate Dan Penthotal Terhadap Agregasi Trombosit
Authors: Hadi Noor , Satoto Hari Hendriarto , Leksana Ery
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Perdarahan perioperatif sering dijumpai dalam setiap operasi. Penggunaan obat anestesi induksi (etomidat dan pentotal) berpengaruh dalam menghambat agregasi trombosit.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh etomidat dan pentotal terhadap agregasi trombosit.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental pada 43 pasien yang mendapat anestesi umum. Subjek selanjutnya dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, dengan kelompok I mendapatkan etomidat dosis 0,3mg/kgBB intravena, sedang kelompok II (n=20) mendapatkan penthothal dosis 5mg/kgBB intravena. Sampel darah pasien pada kedua kelompok diambil 5 menit sebelum dan 5 menit sesudah induksi. Semua spesimen dibawa ke Laboratorium Patologi Klinik untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan Tes Agregasi Trombosit dengan ADP 10, 5, dan 2 µM sebagai induktor. Uji statistik menggunakan paired t-test dan independent t-test (dengan p< 0,05 dianggap signifikan).Hasil: ADP 10 µM merupakan induktor yang paling sensitif dalam mendeteksi hipoagregasi. Pada penggunaan ADP 10 µM sebagai induktor didapatkan perbedaan persentase agregasi maksimal trombosit yang bermakna antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian etomidat maupun pentotal dengan nilai p masing-masing 0,000. Persentase agregasi trombosit pasca perlakuan pada kelompok I (66,0±8,9) berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok II (77,9±6,8), dengan nilai p 0,000. Selisih persentase agregasi trombosit sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok I (14,7±3,9) juga berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok II (3,6±3,2), dengan nilai p 0,000. Hipoagregasi ditemukan pada 14 dari 23 pasien pada kelompok I, dan 1 dari 20 pasien pada kelompok II.Kesimpulan: Etomidat 0,3mg/kgBB intravena dan pentotal 5mg/kgBB intravena menyebabkan penurunan agregasi trombosit yang bermakna, namun penurunan agregasi trombosit pada kelompok etomidat lebih rendah secara bermakna dibandingkan pentotal, selain itu lebih banyak pasien dari kelompok etomidat yang mengalami hipoagregasi.
Pengaruh Pemberian Cairan Ringer Laktat Dibandingkan Nacl 0,9% Terhadap Keseimbangan Asam-Basa Pada Pasien Sectio Caesaria Dengan Anestesi Regional
Authors: Rudi Muhammad Mukhlis , Satoto Hariyo , Budiono Uripno
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Pemberian cairan pada pasien yang akan operasi, khususnya sectio caesaria (SC), sebelumnya jarang dilakukan pemeriksaan elektrolit, sehingga dapat menimbulkan gangguan keseimbangan elektrolit yang akan memperberat proses metabolik dan penyembuhannya. Pemeriksaan elektrolit setelah operasi sangat penting, karena intervensi cairan selama operasi, dengan alasan untuk mengontrol elektrolit dan keseimbangan asam-basa.Metode: Penelitian ini termasuk eksperimental berupa uji klinik tahap 2 yang dilakukan secara acak tersamar ganda dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui cairan mana yang lebih baik, RL ataupun NaCl 0,9% terhadap strong ion difference (SID) keseimbangan asam-basa yang didasarkan pada metode Stewart. Pasien yang dipersiapkan untuk menjalani operasi SC, sebagai salah satu persyaratan untuk menjalani tindakan pembiusan dan mencegah mual muntah. Kemudian dilakukan pemasangan jalur intravena serta pengambilan darah vena di ruang bedah sentral dan diberikan premedikasi serta “loading” cairan sebelum dibius dengan tujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya hipotensi akibat obat regional anestesinya. Setelah itu, selama operasi pasien diberikan cairan kristaloid. Setelah operasi selesai, dilakukan pemeriksaan darah vena. Data-data yang dicatat untuk perhitungan statistik yang termasuk dalam tujuan penelitian ini adalah kadar elektrolit. Uji statistik dengan menggunakan t-test.Hasil: Rerata sebelum operasi SID RL (38,58±2,28) menunjukkan alkalosis, sedangkan SID NaCl (37,42±4,35) menunjukkan asidosis. Rerata setelah operasi SID RL (37,79±1,18) menunjukkan kestabilan dibandingkan rerata SID NaCl (39,67±3,10) yang alkalosis.Kesimpulan: Pemberian RL pada pasien sectio caesaria lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan NaCl, karena NaCl sangat mempengaruhi pergeseran SID keseimbangan asam-basa Stewart.
The meaning of the basic term for the colour black in Czech, Polish and Upper Sorbian
Authors: Bura Renata
Published: December 2022

In European culture the colour black has quite a diverse and complex symbolism, which is also confirmed in the phrases containing black and referring to human life and the surrounding nature. This article is a comparative analysis of the meanings (figurative and literal) and connotations of the term “black” in three genetically close languages: Czech, Polish and Upper Sorbian. The comparative approach has brought out both the similarities in the conceptualization of this colour and its connotations, which are typical for two languages or only one. The semantic connotations of black in the analysed languages confirm their high compliance, which results from the linguistic and cultural proximity. The differences relate primarily to the wealth of expressions that implement the appropriate connotations. There is a visible lack of symmetry between Czech and Polish ??on the one hand, and Upper Sorbian on the other. In Upper Sorbian, as a minority language, one can also notice the influence of the German language (clichés of German expressions), which results from the closeness of Upper Sorbian with German.
Od Redakcji
Authors: Sierociuk Jerzy
Published: December 2022

Od redakcji
Семантични особености на глаголния префикс ув родопските диалекти на българския език
Authors: Кочева Ана
Published: December 2022

The issue of the semantic distinction between the two prefixes: у- and о- in the all-Bulgarian plan (literary language and dialects) is generally solved in the following manner: the prefix о-, originating from the old Bulgarian preposition о (об, обь) still denotes ‘touching the surface’ ‘or ‘ external coverage of an object’ while the prefix y- means ‘place of action’ or ‘action directed towards // or inside the object’, as well as ‘centrifugal action of an object’. In dialects, however, mostly for phonetic reasons, these basic meanings of prefixes often change. The situation is not the same even in the Rhodope dialects. In the northern (mostly Christian) dialects, the labial suffix (y-, o-) is more typical, in the south (mostly Bulgarian-Mohammedan) – of the non-labial type (ạ or a).
Językowo-kulturowe znaczenie swaczyny na Śląsku
Authors: Przymuszała Lidia , Świtała-Trybek Dorota
Published: December 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu uczyniono swaczynę – mało dzisiaj znaną gwarową nazwę podwieczorku. Celem artykułu jest analiza znaczenia słowa, pokazanie jego funkcjonowania na tle kultury ludowej regionu, omówienie jego pochodzenia oraz synonimów, a także przeobrażeń znaczeniowych samego leksemu i nazywanych nim wzorów zachowań kulturowych. Analiza łączy perspektywę lingwistyczną z kulturoznawczą. Podstawę badawczą stanowią zróżnicowane chronologicznie materiały etnograficzne, własne materiały terenowe oraz materiały wyekscerpowane z kartoteki Słownika gwar śląskich. Temat wpisuje się w ważną i aktualną problematykę związaną z ochroną niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego, polegającą – w myśl konwencji UNESCO z 2003 r. – na utrwalaniu i przekazywaniu tego dziedzictwa (obecnego w języku i zwyczajach) m.in. poprzez jego badanie i dokumentowanie.
Siara w kulinarnej kulturze wsi Z terenowej eksploracji materiału leksykograficznego
Authors: Sierociuk Jerzy
Published: December 2022

W artykule ukazane jest bogactwo materiału terenowego praktycznie w dotychczasowych eksploracjach pomijanego. Z racji braku stosownych poświadczeń w dostępnych opracowaniach założeniem było przedstawienie w miarę bogatej dokumentacji terenowej. Charakter opracowania łączy dociekania leksykograficzne z prezentacją rezultatów tychże eksploracji. Przywoływany materiał pozyskiwany był w latach 2005–2020; są to relacje pochodzące od mieszkańców różnych części Polski – głownie jednak Wielkopolski – punktów badawczych jest prawie 70. Wbrew przyjmowanemu poglądowi o braku wykorzystywania siary w tradycyjnej kuchni, przedstawiony materiał dowodzi bardzo żywej jej tradycji w środowisku wiejskim.
Словник української мови XVI – першої половини XVII ст. у контексті української історичної діалектології
Authors: Дидик-Меуш Ганна
Published: December 2022

Фундаментальне видання Словник української мови XVI-І половини XVII ст. має унікальну джерельну базу – різножанрові пам’ятки української мови, що походять, за визначенням дослідників, з багатьох теренів, де функціонувала українська мова. Через те можна стверджувати, що цей історичний словник української мови є надійною підставою для розвитку української історичної діалектології. У статті запропоновано аналіз однієї з пам’яток релігійного жанру – Учительного Євангелія XVI ст., створеного на території Бойківщини, визначено основні диференційні риси, які збережені в давньому євангельському тексті і свідчать про його яскраву народну основу, зокрема бойківського (бойківсько-наддністрянського, бойківсько-емківського) мовного континууму. Проведено паралелі із записами мовлення з території Бойківщини, які зробила авторка цього дослідження упродовж 1990-х - 2000-х рокiв. На підставі авторських записів укладено Мокряни. Говірка маминого села. Словник (Львів, 2021), який можна кваліфікувати як «словник одного села», «жіночий словник», «словник однієї родин».
Indywidualne doświadczenie pracy w warunkach ogniska wirusa SARS-CoV-2 – badania partycypacyjne w Domu Pomocy Społecznej w Choroszczy
Authors: Więcławski Piotr
Published: December 2022

The article is a presentation of the results of the research carried out in the Social Welfare Home in Choroszcz during the SARS-CoV-2 focal period in the facility. The analyzed research material was collected using the method of open participant observation of the social worker in the Social Welfare Home, carried out during the covid duty at the turn of September and October 2020. The purpose of the research was to show individual experiences of working in the conditions of a coronavirus outbreak and to identify the challenges resulting from increased social isolation. The article emphasizes the epidemiological situation in the facility related to: staff shortages, psychophysical condition of employees and residents, limitations in working with mentally suffering people, the needs of residents experiencing increased social isolation, difficulties in implementing the assumptions of social rehabilitation and occupational therapy. There was also an assessment of good operating rehabilitation practices in the covid sub-unit using modern technologies.
Doping – problem nieświadomego społeczeństwa i polityki międzynarodowej państw
Authors: Pepłowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2022

The definition of doping in the World Anti-Doping Code is an important instrument of international politics. While implications are obvious for the professional athletes participating in Olympic Games, they remain vague for the broader society – the followers of the Olympic struggles. The article is an attempt to indicate the problem faced by society, international institutions and states, trying to pursue an effective anti-doping policy. It presents a comprehensive description of one of the largest doping scandals with the participation of the Russian authorities in 2013–2014 and the results of the author’s research on society’s knowledge of doping in sports. Public awareness of banned substances and methods may turn out to be crucial while assessing the actions of governments and international institutions. Society may have insufficient knowledge about doping and may be unaware of its role in politics on an international scale. An ani-doping policy is a part of state policy, so it impacts the way of benefiting physical culture which is one of the areas creating the public sector.
Studenci w świecie Internetu. Odniesienia do rodziny i związków partnerskich
Authors: Milart Ewelina
Published: December 2022

The article below presents the functioning of students who use the Internet in their family and partnership lives. Particular attention is paid to present developmental characteristics of youth taking into account the categories of family and partnership. The paper presents research on the functioning of adolescents in the selected categories. Own research analysis concerns showing how students use the Internet in both relationships.
Rodzinna piecza zastępcza nad dzieckiem – formy pomocy i wsparcia w codziennym funkcjonowaniu oraz w sytuacjach trudnych – kryzysowych
Authors: Matejek Józefa
Published: December 2022

Family foster care is a form of temporary care for children who, for various reasons, cannot grow up in a biological family. Foster families have a variety of tasks to fulfill, resulting not only from the current custody of the child, but also from the need for extensive compensation for the general developmental deficiencies of the child placed in it. The purpose of the article is to present the possibilities and forms of support directed to children residing in foster families who have experienced various difficult situations and crisis events in their biological families, as well as general assistance that can be obtained by foster families in which difficult crisis situations arise concerning daily functioning.
Psychological flexibility and attitudes towards individuals with disabilities
Authors: Fuchs Hila
Published: December 2022

This study examines the relationship between psychological flexibility and attitudes, perceptions, and feelings towards individuals with disabilities and towards integrating people with disabilities in society. This integrated study, presented here, is a stage in a broader study that examined the relationship between psychological flexibility, educational elements, and various components that take part in shaping and assimilating perceptions and attitudes towards disabilities. The study presented here was conducted in two parts: The first part included data collection and quantitative analysis from 153 adult subjects to understand the statistical relationship between psychological resilience and attitudes toward disability. The second part included integrated data collection and analysis, quantitative and qualitative, from 60 respondents, 30 children, and 30 adults, to deepen our understanding regarding the correlations between psychological flexibility and the approach towards disabilities and the understanding of components that affect the correlation. The study shows a positive correlation between psychological flexibility and an attitude towards disabilities, and contributes to deepening the understanding of components that have different effects on this relationship.
Sprawozdanie z XXVI Zjazdu Katedr, Zakładów i Zespołów Badawczych Prawa i Postępowania Administracyjnego pt. „Kierunki rozwoju jurysdykcji administracyjnej”, Poznań, 18-20 września 2022 r.
Authors: Krzanowski Marcel
Published: December 2022

Sprawozdanie z XXVI Zjazdu Katedr, Zakładów i Zespołów Badawczych Prawa i Postępowania Administracyjnego pt. „Kierunki rozwoju  jurysdykcji administracyjnej”, Poznań, 18-20 września 2022 r.
Marcel Krzanowski
Opiniowanie miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego przez wojewódzkich inspektorów ochrony środowiska w związku z lokalizacją zakładów zagrożonych poważną awarią
Authors: Bukowski Zbigniew
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the issuing of opinions on local spatial development plans by the voivodeship environmental protection inspector in connection with the location of plants at risk of a serious accident. The article analyses in detail the regulations in the aforementioned ﬁeld. The following conclusions were adopted:1. Not in every case is the local spatial development plan referred to the voivode-ship environmental protection inspector for an opinion;2. after the commune council adopts a resolution to begin drawing up the local plan, it is the commune head, mayor or city president that decides to apply to the voivodeship environmental protection inspector for an opinion on the draft plan, provided that the plan allows the location of plants posing a risk of a serious in-dustrial accident;3. should the head of the commune, mayor or president not request that the voivodship environmental protection inspector issue an opinion on the draft plan, this will constitute a violation of the plan preparation procedure if the plan allows the location of plants posing the risk of a serious industrial accident;4. issues related to the deadline for giving an opinion and its extension are regu-lated in the Act on Spatial planning and development, which regulations constitute a lex specialis to the Code of Administrative Procedure;5. any failure by the commune head, mayor, city president to take into account the negative opinion of the voivodeship environmental protection inspector, based on speciﬁc regulations concerning the location of plants posing the risk of a serious industrial accident, is a violation of the law.
How Motivated are Teachers to Promote Self-Regulated Learning? A Latent Profile Analysis in the Context of Expectancy-Value Theory
Authors: Hirt Carmen Nadja , Jud Johannes , Rosenthal Amina , Karlen Yves
Published: December 2022

Motivation is a core element of teachers’ professional competences and, therefore, of great importance to teaching and learning. Motivation might explain why teachers do or do not promote self-regulated learning (SRL). Drawing on expectancy-value theory (EVT), this study used a person-centred approach to investigate to what extent multiple motivational aspects (self-efficacy; intrinsic interest, extrinsic utility, and attainment value; opportunity and effort costs) shape teachers’ motivational profiles. It examined the extent to which those profiles differ regarding experience in promoting SRL, the implicit theory of SRL, and the promotion of SRL. The study sample consisted of N = 280 in-service teachers (51.8% women; Mage = 44.34, SD = 10.82). Three profiles were identified: The high costs profile (profile 1, 30.8% of teachers), the moderate profile (profile 2, 24.4% of teachers), and the high success expectations and task values profile (profile 3, 44.8% of teachers). Further analyses revealed significant differences between these profiles concerning experience in promoting SRL, implicit theory of SRL, and the promotion of SRL, with Profile 1 showing the lowest values and Profile 3 the highest for each factor. The study found that high expectations are associated with high values, and costs are low when expectations and values are high and vice versa. This is in line with the assumptions of EVT and is applicable to all three profiles. These results indicate a clear need to support teachers in promoting SRL, especially those with high perceived costs, to ensure costs do not override the other considerations in EVT. Overall, this study is ‘frontline’ because it highlights the relevance of motivation as an aspect of teachers’ professional competences in promoting SRL. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of combining EVT and SRL to provide a more nuanced picture of teachers’ motivation to promote SRL. It offers new insights that could influence the conceptualization of professional development programs for SRL.
Principles of ideal diagnostic regulation and the IVDR
Authors: Hallersten Anna Margareta , Decker Nicholas Michael , Huang Yasha
Published: December 2022

This article discusses principles and concepts for ideal regulatory frameworks for diagnostics, and the expression of those principles in the EU IVDR. The authors present the benefits of regulatory frameworks and implementation approaches for diagnostics that are risk-based, globally convergent, connected, nimble and efficient, under the IVDR and with a future outlook. While many expressions of these principles can already be found in the EU IVDR text, and in its implementation approaches, their further embrace is needed in future EU diagnostic regulation. In the long term outlook, risk-based approaches can be extended to comprise entity-based excellence appraisals. Globally convergent approaches can be more explicit in e.g. qualification and classification of products. This will also help further reliance models. Better connections and cooperation between regulators across the healthcare spectrum including pharmaceuticals should be fostered. Nimble approaches such as Emergency Use Authorisations for pandemics are essential in highly regulated schemes like the IVDR and beyond. Finally, regulatory efficiency as in timely availability of IT infrastructure and oversight mechanisms is a distinguishing attribute of globally competitive diagnostic regulatory schemes. All the above needs consideration in the long term efforts to modernize the EU regulatory system, so that diagnostics can play their important role in clinical research as well as along the entire care continuum in the EU.