bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender‐Based Violence
Authors: Westmarland Nicole
Published: April 2016

Although the terminology is disputed, with some preferring to talk of “gender‐based violence” and others “men's violence against women and girls,” most agree that these forms of violence and abuses predominantly impact upon women worldwide. Issues such as class, disability, poverty, insecure immigration status, sexuality, and ethnicity can all compound both experiences of violence and abuse and state responses to it. Most global human rights organizations now recognize gender‐based violence as being a “cause and consequence” of gender inequality, and see the empowerment of women and girls as key to reducing gender‐based violence. While ethnicity, religion, and the role of “honor” is said to be associated with some forms of gender‐based violence, no ethnicity or religion condones violence and abuse.
Women's and Feminist Activism in theNativeUnitedStates andCanada
Authors: MacGillivray Emily J.
Published: April 2016

Native American women have long engaged in activism – movements large and small to effect social change. Throughout key periods in North American history, Native women have directed their activism towards fighting colonialism, and Native women scholars have frequently interpreted this activism within the framework of Native feminist thought, which recognizes that gender has been a key signifier and instrument of colonial power. Whether examining Native women advocating for political and economic self‐sufficiency for their families and communities in the eighteenth century, or Native women's coalitional activism targeting environmental issues and gender violence in the twenty‐first century, Native feminist activism provides a flexible rubric through which to understand the political and social organizing of indigenous women.
Feminist Activism
Authors: Walsh Christine , Lorenzetti Liza , Gulbrandsen Cari
Published: April 2016

Feminist activism is multiple and contested. Feminist activism promotes social, political, economic, or environmental change through the use of a various strategies, actions, or initiatives enacted within micro, mezzo, and macro contexts. Although feminist activism is frequently associated with visible social or political movements such as equal pay for equal work, LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual, queer) rights, or gender‐based violence prevention, Bhattacharjya et al. clarified how the mere participation of women in social movements cannot necessarily be equated with feminist activism; feminist activism differs from other forms of activism in the centrality of gender. Feminist activists, equated here with gender justice activists, have been instrumental in championing a strategic focus on gender justice, and a reinforcement of the significance of eradicating gender inequalities within social movements, thereby cultivating awareness of feminist concerns and priorities. Feminist activism is also concerned about the way in which gender is interconnected to other marginalized identities and the personal and political realities that ensue from those identities (i.e., race, sexual identity, ability, etc.).
Transgender Movements in International Perspective
Authors: Jauk Daniela
Published: April 2016

Trans* organizing has occurred since the 1800s, but vibrant and increasingly globalized trans*gender movements entered the political stage in the 1990s. This entry addresses issues of discrimination, hate, and violence against gender non‐conforming populations across the globe. They are making some legal gains in terms of recognition, particularly in the Global North.
A
mazons
Authors: Adams Maeve
Published: April 2016

In ancient mythology, Amazons were a community of women warriors who threatened Greek society and values with their warlike nature and their disregard for the conventions of patriarchy. Beginning in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, they began reappearing in Europe in neoclassical retellings of or allusions to ancient tales. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, references to the figure of the Amazon changed: references to the ancient mythological characters almost entirely gave way to more frequent representations of “modern Amazons” who shared little more in common with their ancient origins than a dangerous fondness for usurping male power and privilege. In the twentieth century, feminist writers retrieved the modern Amazon, making her into a mascot for their efforts to reform patriarchal society and abolish its gendered division of power and labor.
New cases of trepanations from the 5th to 3rd millennia BC in Southern Russia in the context of previous research: Possible evidence for a ritually motivated tradition of cranial surgery?
Authors: Gresky Julia , Batieva Elena , Kitova Alexandra , Kalmykov Alexey , Belinskiy Andrey , Reinhold Sabine , Berezina Nataliya
Published: April 2016

Objectives

It is a big challenge to diagnose the motives behind trepanations in prehistoric crania. Surgical‐therapeutic attempts may be apparent by the presence of fractures, however, ritual or nonmedical motives are rarely supported by visible evidence in the bones. This article presents data on the trepanations of several individuals from South Russia dating to the Eneolitic and Bronze Age that may indicate a ritual procedure. In these crania an operation was performed in the identical location, the midline, furthermore in one of the most dangerous places, on the obelion. No evidence for traumatic or other pathological reasons for performing the operations was observable.

Material and Methods

Investigations of two nearby areas of South Russia revealed 13 individuals showing complete perforations in the midline of the cranium. Another one, displaying a depression in the same place, primarily diagnosed as an incomplete trepanation, is discussed considering all differential diagnoses. The trepanations were investigated macroscopically, by plain radiography and computed tomography. The lesions were described in detail, including data on technique, position, size, shape, state of healing, and complications.

Results

Males and females received the operation between the age of 10 years and mature/senile age. Only grooving and scraping techniques were used and their application differed between sexes. The majority of the patients survived the intervention for a long time.

Discussion

The region of Southern Russia seems to be a center for special trepanations performed by skilled surgeons, the specific position of the perforations implying more a ritual than therapeutic reason for trepanning. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:665–682, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of 2‐Indolyltetrahydroquinolines by Zinc(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation‐Redox Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of N‐Propargylanilines with Indoles
Authors: Li Guangzhe , Nakamura Hiroyuki
Published: April 2016

An intramolecular hydroarylation‐redox cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of propargylic anilines with indoles proceeded in the presence of zinc(II) catalysts to give 2‐indolyltetrahydroquinolines in good to high yields. Three C−H bonds (two sp2 and one sp3) are activated in one shot and these hydrogen atoms are trapped by a propargylic triple bond in the molecule.
Cluster Fusion: Face‐Fused Nine‐Atom Deltahedral Clusters in [Sn14Ni(CO)]4−
Authors: Perla Luis G. , Sevov Slavi C.
Published: April 2016

The title anion was synthesized by heating dimethylformamide (DMF) solution of the known Ni‐centered and Ni(CO)‐capped tin clusters [Ni@Sn9Ni(CO)]3−. The new anion represents the first example of face‐fused nine‐atom molecular clusters. The two clusters are identical elongated tricapped trigonal prisms of nido‐[Sn8Ni(CO)]6− with nickel at one of the capping positions. They are fused along a triangular face adjacent to a trigonal prismatic base and made of two Sn and one Ni atoms. The new anion is structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction in the compound (K[222‐crypt])4[Sn14Ni(CO)]⋅DMF. Its presence in solution is corroborated by electrospray mass spectrometry.
Synthesis, characterization, and photo‐responsive properties of Y‐shaped amphiphilic azo triblock copolymer
Authors: Wei Renbo , Ma Jinyi , Zhang Hongxing , He Yaning
Published: April 2016

In this study, we report the synthesis, characterization, and photo‐responsive properties of a new Y‐shaped amphiphilic azo triblock copolymer composed of two isotropic polyethylene glycol (PEG) blocks and an azobenzene liquid crystalline block. The azo block, with two ending groups suitable for the azo coupling reaction, is polymerized by atom transfer radical polymerization with a synthesized initiator containing two functional terminal groups. The macromolecular diazonium salts are prepared by the diazotization of PEG terminated with an amino group. The triblock copolymer is obtained by the azo coupling reaction between the azo block and macromolecular diazonium salts in DMF under mild condition. The intermediates and the obtained triblock copolymer are characterized by 1H NMR, FT‐IR, GPC, POM, DSC, TEM, and UV‐vis. The photoinduced isomerization behavior of the azo copolymer is investigated by UV‐vis. With the addition of water into the solution of the triblock copolymer, spherical aggregates with an average diameter of about 400 nm can be easily obtained. The aggregates are elongated when irradiated with polarized 365 nm UV light. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43695.
Micro‐Focus X‐Ray Tomography Study of the Microstructure and Morphometry of the Eggshell of Ostriches (Struthio Camerus)
Authors: Willoughby Bronwyn , Steyn Lindi , Bam Lunga , Olivier Adriaan J. , Devey Richard , Maina John N.
Published: April 2016

In ostrich husbandry, economic losses have mainly been attributed to low hatchability of eggs, which has mostly been attributed to the structure of the eggshell. The main aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and the morphometry of the ostrich eggshell using micro‐focus X‐ray computer tomography and scanning electron microscopy. The mean weight and volume of the eggs were 1,312 ± 56SE g and 1,333 ± 44SE cm3, respectively. The mean thickness and the mean surface area of the eggshell was 1.83 ± 0.10SE mm and 619 ± 15SE cm2 respectively and the mean total number of pores in the shell was 40,596 ± 1832SE. No significant correlations were found between the thickness of the shell and the weight of the eggs, the volume of the egg and the thickness of the shell, the diameter of the pores and the number of pores, the volume of the pores and the number of pores or the surface area of the pores and the number of pores. The mean diameters of the pores on the blunt (air cell) − (0.02 ± 0.04SE mm) and the sharp (0.26 ± 0.36SE mm) parts of the eggshell were significantly different (P = 0.0001) while the mean volumes and the surface areas of the pores in these parts were not significantly different (P = 0.203 and P = 0.089, respectively). The sizes of the pores differed in different parts of the eggshell, which consisted mainly of tightly arranged mammillary cones that that fused to the palisade columns. The external surface of the ostrich eggshell was covered by a cuticle. Anat Rec, 299:1015–1026, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Model Predictive Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Improved Fuel Economy
Authors: Yu K. , Tan X. , Yang H. , Liu W. , Cui L. , Liang Q.
Published: April 2016

This brief proposes a model predictive control method using preceding vehicle information within hybrid electric vehicles' (HEVs') predictive cruise control system to improve car following performance and reduce fuel consumption. This paper adds two original contributions to the related literature. First, a real‐time optimization approach using Pontryagin's minimum principle with analytical methods rather than numerical iteration methods is proposed. Second, to compute the desired battery state of charge trajectory as a function of vehicle position, only the topographic profile of the future road segments must be known. Both the fuel economy and the driving profile are optimized using the proposed approach. Simulation results show that fuel economy using the proposed method is improved significantly.
The evolving concept of air pollution: a small‐world network or scale‐free network?
Authors: Sun Linan , Liu Zuhan , Wang Jiayao , Wang Lili , Bao Xuecai , Wu Zhaoming , Yu Bo
Published: April 2016

To analyze the dynamics of air pollution, a homogenous partition of the coarse graining process is employed to transform the daily air pollution index series in Lanzhou into a character series consisting of five characters (R, r, e, d and D). The nodes of the pollution fluctuation network are 125 three‐symbol strings (i.e. 125 fluctuation patterns in a duration of 3 days) linked in the network's topology by a time sequence. The network contains integrated information about the interconnections and interactions among the fluctuation patterns of pollution in the network topology. After calculating the dynamical statistics of degree and degree distribution, we find that the distribution follows a three‐stage power‐law distribution characterized by a scale‐free property with hierarchy structure and small‐world effect. Therefore, the pollution fluctuation network is not only a scale‐free network with hierarchy but also a small‐world network. The higher the degree of the node is, the greater the probability that the pollution fluctuation modes will occur. The main nodes of pollution fluctuation networks generally contain the symbols R and r, which demonstrates that the feature of pollution fluctuation is mainly ascending.
Gene cloning, identification, and characterization of the multicopper oxidase CumA from Pseudomonas sp. 593
Authors: Yang Sheng , Long Yan , Yan Hong , Cai Huawan , Li Yadong , Wang Xingguo
Published: April 2016

The cumA, a gene encoding a multicopper oxidase (MCO), was cloned from the soil‐dwelling bacterium Pseudomonas sp. 593. Its corresponding product was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS and purified to homogeneity through Ni‐affinity chromatography. The amino acid sequence of the CumA of Pseudomonas sp. 593 was strongly homologous to that of CumA as previously reported. The CumA was quite stable in neutral pH and had poor thermostability. Meanwhile, its optimum pH and temperature toward laccase substrates 2,6‐dimethoxyphenol (DMP), syringaldazine (SGZ), and 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) were 5.0 and 55 °C, 7.5 and 60 °C, and 5.0 and 60 °C, respectively. Cu2+ remarkably enhanced the activity of the CumA. By contrast, the activity of the CumA was inhibited by the addition of Fe2+. Kinetic studies gave the Km, kcat, and kcat/Km values of 0.438 mmol·L−1, 0.056 Sec−1, and 0.128 Sec−1·mmol−1·L for DMP; 0.017 mmol·L−1, 0.031 Sec−1, and 1.824 Sec−1·mmol−1·L for SGZ; and 0.101 mmol·L−1, 0.393 Sec−1, and 3.891 Sec−1·mmol−1·L for ABTS. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cloning, expressing in E. coli of the cumA from Pseudomonas and characterization of the CumA.
Enhancement of epoxide hydrolase production by 60Co gamma and UV irradiation mutagenesis of Aspergillus niger ZJB‐09103
Authors: Jin Huo‐Xi , OuYang Xiao‐Kun , Hu Zhong‐Ce
Published: April 2016

An effective epoxide hydrolase (EH) production strain was mutagenized using 60Co gamma and UV irradiation. Among positive mutant strains, the EH activity of C2‐44 reached 33.7 U/g, which was 267% as much as that of the original Aspergillus niger ZJB‐09103. Compared with the wild type, there were significant changes in morphology for C2‐44, including the color of mycelia on the slants and the shape of conidial head. In addition, glucose and soybean cake were the optimal carbon and nitrogen source in terms of EH activity for the mutant C2‐44 instead of soluble starch and peptone for the wild‐type strain. The reaction time required to reach 99% enantiomeric excesses of (S)‐epichlorohydrin from racemic substrate was shortened significantly by the mutant C2‐44. This phenomenon was probably explained by the higher Vmax for hydrolysis of racemic epichlorohydrin by C2‐44 compared with Aspergillus niger ZJB‐09103.
Case–control study of nutritional and environmental factors and the risk of oral clefts in Thailand
Authors: McKinney Christy M. , Pisek Araya , Chowchuen Bowornsilp , DeRouen Timothy , Muktabhant Benja , Pradubwong Suteera , Yeung Cathy , Pitiphat Waranuch
Published: April 2016

Background

One infant in 700 is born with an oral cleft. Prior studies suggest low micronutrient status is associated with an increased risk of oral clefts. Environmental factors such as passive smoke exposure or supplement use may also affect oral cleft risk. We examined nutrition and environmental related risk factors for oral clefts.

Methods

We conducted a case–control study in Northeast Thailand in 2012 to 2013. We enrolled 95 cases and 95 controls. We recruited cases with a nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without a cleft palate (CL±P) less than 24 months old. Cases were matched to controls on age and place of conception. We collected survey data, a food frequency questionnaire, and measured zinc concentrations in toenail trimmings. We calculated descriptive statistics by case and control status. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate unadjusted and adjusted associations, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p‐values.

Results

Any liver intake (adjusted OR [aOR] for ≥1/week versus none), 10.58; 95%CI, 1.74–64.37, overall p = 0.02) and the presence of food insecurity (aOR, 9.62; 95% CI, 1.52–61.05; p = 0.02) in the periconceptional period increased CL±P risk. Passive smoke exposure increased the risk of CL±P (aOR, 6.52; 95% CI, 1.98–21.44; p < 0.01). Toenail zinc concentrations were not associated with CL±P risk.

Conclusion

Our findings add to a growing body of knowledge of environmental risk factors for oral clefts from low‐ and middle‐income countries. Our findings on liver are contradictory to prior results. Large multisite studies are needed to identify environmental and genetic risk factors for oral clefts. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:624–632, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fluorescent Bead–DNA Conjugate‐based Dual Signal Amplification Technology
Authors: Sonawane Mukesh Digambar , Lee Hae Ryong , Nimse Satish Balasaheb , Song Keum‐Soo , Kim Taisun , Kim Sang Cheol
Published: April 2016

One of the major challenges in DNA microarrays for their widespread application is assay sensitivity. Therefore, to achieve higher sensitivity, we developed a dual signal amplification technology based on the fluorescence beads (FB). It is the first report of the development of a dual signal amplification technology for DNA microarrays by synthesizing and applying the FB–DNA conjugates. The FB–DNA conjugates and Cy5‐T1‐FB‐mixed‐DNA demonstrated ~250–325‐fold increase in sensitivity when compared with the conventional use of Cy5‐labeled oligonucleotides such as Cy5‐T1. Furthermore, the Cy5‐T1‐FB‐mixed‐DNA demonstrated ~5–1.3‐fold increase in the sensitivity when compared with that of the FB–DNA conjugates alone.
A deck of 51: Make the most of your unit's staff
Authors: Skipworth Stan
Published: April 2016

Many years ago, the Statler Brothers recorded the hit song “Flowers on the Wall.” In it, the lyric “Playin' solitaire till dawn / with a deck of fifty‐one” illustrated the futility of trying to accomplish something when as little as just one piece is missing. That same metaphor could be interpreted in another way.
Address budget shortfalls with technology, creativity, grant funding
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: April 2016

Ever since Ronnie Grice, assistant vice president and chief of police at Kansas State University, arrived at the KSU campus nearly 22 years ago, he has worked diligently to achieve a high level of campus safety. He is especially proud of his officers, most of whom have college degrees and understand the community well.
ChemInform Abstract: IONIC CONDUCTIVITY IN ANHYDROUS CRYSTALLINE ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATES, ZR(MPO4)2 (M = LITHIUM, SODIUM, AND POTASSIUM), WITH LAYERED STRUCTURES
Authors: YAMANAKA S.
Published: April 2016

Wechselstromimpedanzmessungen im Bereich 30‐300 kHz bei 150‐350°C zeigen, daß die Impedanz zwischen den Teilchen vernachlässigbar ist.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF CALCITE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND THE ROLE OF ZINC AND MAGNESIUM IONS. I. PRECIPITATION OF CALCITE IN THE PRESENCE OF ZINC(2+) IONS
Authors: GLASNER A. , WEISS D.
Published: April 2016

Aus Mischungen von CaCl2‐ und (NH4)2CO3‐Lösungen im Konzentrationsbereich 10‐1‐10‐2 M fällt spontan ein definierter Anteil des CaCO3 als Calcit aus; der Rest bleibt in stark übersättigter Lösung, in der sich im Verlauf eines Alterungsprozesses ebenfalls Calcitkeime bilden.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDY OF THE VAPORIZATION OF AMALGAMS WITH A NEW KNUDSEN CELL MASS SPECTROMETER SYSTEM. PART I: THE COMPOUNDS MAGNESIUM‐MERCURY MGHG AND MGHG2
Authors: HILPERT K.
Published: April 2016

(verdampften gemäß den Reaktionen A und B,für die die Temp.‐Abhängigkeiten der Hg‐Dampfdrücke zwischen 368 und 554 Kbzw.
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE MECHANISM OF ION EXCHANGE IN ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATES. XXVII. DEHYDRATION BEHAVIOR OF COPPER(II) ION EXCHANGED PHASES
Authors: CLEARFIELD A. , PACK S. P.
Published: April 2016

Das Dehydratationsverhalten sowie die anschließenden Hochtemp.‐ Phasenwechsel von zwischen 10 und 100% mit Cu" beladenem Zr(HPO4 )2 ‐ H2O (oz‐ZrP) werden mit Hilfe thermoanalytischer (DTA, TG) und röntgenographischer Methoden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NF4+CLO4‐ AND NF4+HF2‐.NHF AND SOME REACTION CHEMISTRY OF TETRAFLUOROAMMONIUM(+1) SALTS
Authors: CHRISTE K. O. , WILSON W. W. , WILSON R. D.
Published: April 2016

Die Möglichkeiten der Synthese von NFIXO; (X: Cl, Br, I)‐Salzen durch Metathese zwischen NF4SbF6 und CsXO4 in wasserfreiem HF bei ‐78°C werden eingehend untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION, IR SPECTRUM AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DATA OF (RENCL3.POCL3)4.2 POCL3
Authors: LIESE W. , DEHNICKE K.
Published: April 2016

Das Solvat (III) entsteht in einer exothermen Reaktion beim Auflösen von ReNCl4 in POCl3 in Form von in der Durchsicht dunkelroten und in der Aufsicht schwarzen Kristallen (RG PI, Z=2).
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOPHOSPHAZENES AS NOVEL ANTITUMOR AGENTS: GEOMETRY OF THE HEXAZIRIDINOCYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENE, N3P3AZ6, FROM AN X‐RAY INVESTIGATION OF THE BENZENE CLATHRATE
Authors: CAMERON T. S. , CHAN C. , LABARRE J.‐F. , GRAFFEUIL M.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung bildet beim Umkristallisieren aus Benzol einen stabilen 2:1‐Komplex (I), in dem das Benzol als Sandwich‐Brücke zweier Cyclotriphosphazen‐Moleküle mit parallelen Ringebenen fungiert.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROLYTIC REDUCTION OF 1,4‐DIHALONORBORNANES AT MERCURY ELECTRODES IN DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE. EVIDENCE FOR (2.2.1)PROPELLANE AS AN INTERMEDIATE
Authors: CARROLL W. F. JUN. , PETERS D. G.
Published: April 2016

Als Beweis für intermediär bei der Elektroreduktion von 1,4‐Dibrom‐ und 1,4‐Diiod‐norboman auftretendes [2.2.
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC INDUCTION IN THE REACTION OF OSMIUM TETROXIDE WITH OLEFINS
Authors: HENTGES S. G. , SHARPLESS K. B.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxidation verschiedener Olefine (I) mit OsO4 in Gegenwart der chiralen Reagenzien (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) führt zu chiralen vicinalen Diolen (II) [(IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) bewirken jeweils die Bildung des entgegengesetzten Enantiomeren ] mit z.T. hohen enantiomeren Ausbeuten.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ACETOLYSIS OF EXO‐ AND ENDO‐5,6‐DIMETHYLIDENE‐2‐NORBORNYL P‐BROMOBENZENESULFONATES AND OF THEIR OPTICALLY ACTIVE AND DEUTERIUM‐LABELED DERIVATIVES
Authors: SONNEY J.‐M. , VOGEL P. , BURGER U.
Published: April 2016

Die 3tägige, gepufferte Acetolyse des exo‐Brosylats (I) liefert die Acetate (II) und (III) im Verhältnis 75:25.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF LACTONES BY THE PALLADIUM‐CATALYZED CARBONYLATION OF HALO ALCOHOLS
Authors: COWELL A. , STILLE J. K.
Published: April 2016

Durch Pd‐katalysierte Carbonylierung der Halogenalkohole (I) bzw. (V) werden die Lactone (II) bzw. (VI) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: CHLOROTRIMETHYLSILANE/LITHIUM BROMIDE AND HEXAMETHYLDISILANE/PYRIDINIUM BROMIDE PERBROMIDE: EFFECTIVE AND SELECTIVE REAGENTS FOR THE CONVERSION OF ALKYL (CYCLOALKYL AND ARALKYL) ALCOHOLS INTO BROMIDES
Authors: OLAH G. A. , GUPTA B. G. B. , MALHOTRA R. , NARANG S. C.
Published: April 2016

Die Alkohole (I) reagieren mit einem Gemisch aus Trimethylchlorsilan (II) und LiBr zu den Alkylbromiden (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: METHOD FOR TRANSFER OF LABELED METHYL GROUPS
Authors: TOWNSEND C. A. , THEIS A. B.
Published: April 2016

Tosylchlorid (I) liefert die Amide (II), die mit Trifluorsulfonsäureanhydrid (III) zu den Disulfonylimiden (IV) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANIC SYNTHESES IN THE PLASMA OF GLOW DISCHARGES. XXIV. SYNTHESIS OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE 1,6,6‐TRIMETHYLBICYCLO(2.1.1)HEXANE BY DECARBONYLATION OF CAMPHOR
Authors: KRUPPA G. , SUHR H.
Published: April 2016

Der nach mehrfachem Durchgang von d‐(+)‐ oder 1‐(‐)‐Campher durch ein Glimmentladungsplasma zurückgewonnene Campher zeigt den gleichen Drehwert wie das Ausgangsmaterial.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐PHENYLSELENENYLATION OF ZIRCONIUM OR ALUMINUM ENOLATES
Authors: SCHWARTZ J. , HAYASI Y.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Alkin (I) entsteht das substituierte Dicyclopentadienyl‐zirkon‐Derivat (II), das mit dem Cyclopentenon‐ether (III) zum Addukt (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF METHYL FUNCTION OF 3,3‐(3‐FLUOROBENZYL)‐2‐PROPANONE BY THIONYL CHLORIDE
Authors: SEHGAL R. K. , KRUBSACK A. J.
Published: April 2016

Umsetzung des Ketons (I) mit Thionylchlorid liefert ausschließlich das Sulfenylchlorid (II), das durch Oxidation der Methylgruppe entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF SULFENIC ACIDS. 1. SYNTHESIS OF TRIMETHYLSILYL ARENESULFENATES (ARENESULFENIC ACIDS)
Authors: DAVIS F. A. , RIZVI S. Q. A. , ARDECKY R. , GOSCINIAK D. J. , FRIEDMAN A. J. , YOCKLOVICH S. G.
Published: April 2016

In Gegenwart von Trimethylchlorsilan (II) und Hexamethyldisilazan (III) erhält man bei der Pyrolyse der N‐Benzylidenarylsulfinamide (I) die Trimethylarylsulfinate (IV), die mit Alkoholen zu den Sulfensäuren (VI) gespalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AMINES WITH FLUORONITRENE GENERATED FROM ISOPROPYL N,N‐DIFLUOROCARBAMATE
Authors: KLOPTOTEK D. L. , HOBROCK B. G. , KOVACIC P. , JONES M. B.
Published: April 2016

Isopropyl‐difluorcarbaminat (I) wird durch tert.‐Butylat zum Kohlensäureester (III) und dem über das Anion (IV) entstandenen Fluornitren (V) gespalten, das das Dimere (VI) bildet.
ChemInform Abstract: A SYNTHESIS OF Γ‐ALKYLIDENEBUTENOLIDES. PHOTOCHEMICAL REARRANGEMENT OF 2,3‐EPOXY‐1,4‐CYCLOHEXANEDIONES
Authors: KITAMURA T. , KAWAKAMI Y. , IMAGAWA T. , KAWANISI M.
Published: April 2016

Durch Diels‐Alder‐Addition von Benzochinon (bzw. dem Methyl‐ oder 2,6‐Dimethyl‐derivat) an Cyclopentadien oder Anthracen und anschließende Epoxidierung [sowie für (I) und (V) noch nachfolgende katalytische Hydrierung] werden die Epoxy‐cyclohexandione (I), (V) und (IX) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF PYRROLES WITH DIETHYL AZODICARBOXYLATE
Authors: LEE C. K. , KIM S. J. , HAHN C. S.
Published: April 2016

Die Pyrrole (I) reagieren mit Azodicarbonester (II) zu den Bis‐Addukten (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF THIOFORMANILIDE AND GEM‐DICYANOEPOXIDE: UNEXPECTED SYNTHESIS OF 2‐THIAZOLINONES
Authors: BAUDY M. , ROBERT A.
Published: April 2016

Die Epoxide (I) reagieren mit Thioformanilid unerwarteterweise unter Bildung der Thiazolinone (V) (während die bekannten Reaktionen von gem‐Dicyanepoxiden mit anderen N‐substituierten Thioamiden zu mesoionischen Thiazolen führen).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF 5‐BENZYLIDENE‐2‐ARYLAMINO‐2‐THIAZOLIN‐4‐ONES WITH ORGANOMAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
Authors: VASIL'EVA S. A. , SKVORTSOVA Z. T.
Published: April 2016

Die‐Thiazolin‐one (I) reagieren mit Benzaldehyd (II) zu den Benzyliden‐thiazolin‐onen (III), aus denen mit Phenylmagnesiumbromid (IV) die Benzhydryl‐thiazolin‐one (V) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ORGANOSILICON DERIVATIVES OF 1,2,4‐TRIAZOLES AND 1,3,4‐THIADIAZOLES
Authors: GOL'DIN G. S. , PODDUBNYI V. G. , KIR'YANOVA A. N.
Published: April 2016

Das lmino‐ester‐chlorhydrat (I) reagiert mit Guanidinhydrochlorid (II) zu den 3‐Amino‐l ,2,4‐triazolen (III), die als Nitrate isoliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ALKYL ISOCYANATES AND CHLOROSULFONYL ISOCYANATE WITH 1H‐TETRAZOLE‐5‐AMINE AND CONVERSION OF REACTION PRODUCTS TO (1H‐TETRAZOL‐5‐YL)UREAS
Authors: DENNY G. H. , CRAGOE E. J. JUN. , ROONEY C. S. , SPRINGER J. P. , HIRSHFIELD J. M. , MCCAULEY J. A.
Published: April 2016

5‐Aminotetrazol (I) reagiert mit Isocyanaten (II) zunächst zu den Addukten (III), die sich beim Erwärmen zu den Tetrazolylharnstoffen (IV) umlagern.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTI‐INFLAMMATORY AGENTS. PART II. SYNTHESIS AND ANTI‐INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF 3,4‐DISUBSTITUTED 2‐OXO‐1,2‐DIHYDROQUINOLINES
Authors: SHRIDHAR D. R. , SASTRY C. V. R. , MEHROTRA A. K. , RAO C. S. , TANEJA V.
Published: April 2016

DurchKondensation des Anhydrids (I) mit dem Malonester (II) werden die Ester (III) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATIVE ARYL‐ARYL COUPLING OF 6,6′,7,7′‐TETRAMETHOXY‐1,1′,2,2′,3,3′,4,4′‐OCTAHYDRO‐1,1′‐BIISOQUINOLINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: SIEGFRIED M.‐A. , HILPERT H. , REY M. , DREIDING A. S.
Published: April 2016

Reduktion der Verbindung (Ia) [‐ (IIa), (IIb)] und nachfolgende Demethylierung (HBr) geben die Tetraphenole (IIc) bzw. (IId) [analoge Demethylierung von (Ia)‐(Ib)].
ChemInform Abstract: INDOLIZINE DERIVATIVES. X. CYCLIZATION OF 3‐(2‐PYRIDYL)METHYLENE‐2,4‐PENTANEDIONES AND ETHYL 3‐OXO‐2‐(2‐PYRIDYL)METHYLENEBUTANOATES SUBSTITUTED IN THE PYRIDINE RING
Authors: POHJALA E. K.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Knoevenage1‐Kondensationen von Pyridincarbaldehyden‐(Dmit Acetessigester bzw. Acetylaceton dargestellten Titelverbindungen (II) und (V) gehen unter Einwirkung von Acetanhydrid in die Indolizine (III) bzw. (VI) über; aus den Verbindungen (VII) bzw. (IX) entstehen Gemische der Indolizine (VIIIa) und (VIIIb) bzw. (Xa) und (Xb).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A NEW SCHISTOSOMICIDE
Authors: NABIH I. , KAMEL M. M. , SADDIK M.
Published: April 2016

Das Thiazol (II) wird in Gegenwart von Natriumhydrid oder Natriumethylat mit dem Azauracil (I) zum 6‐Thiazolylamino‐l ,2,4‐ triazindion (III) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF THE DERIVATIVES OF 5,6‐DIARYL‐2,5‐DIHYDRO‐1,2,4‐TRIAZINES WITH DIMETHYL ACETYLENEDICARBOXYLATE. STRUCTURAL REASSIGNMENTS OF THE PRODUCTS AND FURTHER OBSERVATIONS
Authors: SASAKI T. , MINAMOTO K. , HARADA K.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Triazinen (I) entstehen die Dihydroverbindungen (II), die bei der Methylierung im Gegensatz zu früheren Angaben zu den Methylverbindungen (III) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION OF α‐CHLOROALKYLIDENEAMINE OXIDES WITH HETERO‐ENES. I. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS
Authors: NEIDLEIN R. , SHATZMILLER S. , WALTER E.
Published: April 2016

Die Carbonylverbindungen (I) addieren das N‐Oxid (II) in Gegenwart von AgBF4 unter Bildung der Iminiumsalze (III), die nicht isoliert, sondern direkt zu den Dioxaazacyclohexanen (IV) reduziert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF 14‐TETRADECANOLIDE FROM CYCLODODECANONE
Authors: GENET J. P. , KAHN P.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Cyclododecanon (I) erhält man mit Persäure das Lacton (II), das zu (IIIa) hydrolysiert und dann zu (IIIb) verestert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: DIKETONE IN ORGANOPHOSPHORUS SYNTHESIS. II. REACTION WITH O,O‐DIALKYL THIO‐ AND DITHIOPHOSPHATE
Authors: ZIMIN M. G. , AFANAS'EV M. M. , PUDOVIK A. N.
Published: April 2016

Das 0,0‐Dialkyl‐dithiophosphat (I) reagiert mit Diketen (II) bevorzugt zu einem Gemisch der tautomeren Verbindungen (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SPIRO(ARYLENEDIOXY) DERIVATIVES FROM HEXACHLOROCYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENE AND DIHYDROXYBINAPHTHYLS
Authors: BRANDT K. , JEDLINSKI Z.
Published: April 2016

Hexachlorcyclotriphosphazen (I) wird mit den beiden isomeren Dihydroxy‐dinaphthylen (I′I) bzw. (IV) zu den Spirocyclen (III) bzw. (V) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: BIS(N,N‐DIALKYLAMIDO)BROMOPHOSPHAZOALKANES
Authors: MARCHENKO A. P. , MIROSHNICHENKO V. V. , KUDRYAVTSEV A. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Phosphoniumbromide (I) zersetzen sich bei der Pyrolyse zu den Bromphosphazoalkanen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: ALKOXYMETHYLATION OF PHOSPHORUS TRICHLORIDE AND ALKYLDICHLOROPHOSPHITES BY DIALKYLFORMALS. ALKOXYMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID DICHLORIDES, ANHYDRIDES, AND ESTERS
Authors: PETROV K. A. , CHAUZOV V. A. , AZAFONOV S. V.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Umsetzung von Phosphortrichlorid (I) mit Dialkyl‐formalen (II) in Gegenwart elektrophiler Katalysatoren wie Eisen(III)‐chlorid, Zinkchlorid oder Zinn(II)‐chlorid erhält man Alkoxymethyl‐phosphonsäure‐dichloride (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF BIS(P‐ANISYL) DITELLURIDE
Authors: BUKHARIN B. N. , IGNATENKO E. G. , BAGDASAROV K. N.
Published: April 2016

Die im Titel genannte Verbindung (I), dargestellt nach bekannten Methoden, kann in ′einer NaOH‐Lösung in Wasser/Ethanol/ Benzol im Verhältnis 2:7:l an einer Hg‐Elektrode elektrochemisch zu p‐Anisyl‐tellurophenolat (II) reduziert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: (ALLYL)(η5‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)(TRIORGANYLPHOSPHINE)RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES; PREPARATION AND REARRANGEMENTS
Authors: LEHMKUHL H. , MAUERMANN H. , BENN R.
Published: April 2016

Die 2‐Alkenylmagnesiumhalogenide (II) reagieren mit den Ru‐ Komplexen (I) in Toluol/Ether (10: l) zu den entsprechenden n′‐2‐Alkenyl‐Ru‐Komplexen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A PALLADIUM‐CATALYZED REACTION OF A Π‐ALLYL LIGAND WITH A NUCLEOPHILE. AN MO STUDY ABOUT A FEATURE OF THE REACTION AND A LIGAND EFFECT ON THE REACTIVITY
Authors: SAKAKI S. , NISHIKAWA M. , OHYOSHI A.
Published: April 2016

Eine CNDO‐ Typ MO‐Untersuchung wird für die Reaktion zwischen OH′ und den an Pd(II)‐koordinierten π‐Allylliganden in den Komplexen (I)‐(IV) durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE CORRIN CHROMOPHORE. VIII. NOTE ON NEW METAL COMPLEXES OF DECOBALTO‐5,6‐DIOXO‐5,6‐SECOCOBYRINIC HEPTAMETHYL ESTER
Authors: HINZE R.‐P. , WULLBRANDT D. , INHOFFEN H. H.
Published: April 2016

Durch Umsetzung von (IIa) sowie des 10‐H‐Analogen (IIb) mit Dichlorodicarbonylrhodium in siedendem Methylen‐ Chlorid werden die Rh(III)‐Verbindungen (I) als Dichloro‐Komplexe erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2‐NAPHTHOQUINONE DERIVATIVES FROM CULTURES OF THE MYCOSYMBIONT FROM THE LICHEN TRYPETHELIUM ELUTERIAE (TRYPETHELIACEAE)
Authors: MATHEY A. , STEFFAN B. , STEGLICH W.
Published: April 2016

Isoliert wurden die antibiotisch aktiven Verbindungen Trypethelon (Ia) sowie dessen Derivate (Ib), (Ic) und (Id).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CARBON‐13 NMR SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS OF RHAMNOBIOSES
Authors: LIPTAK A. , NANASI P. , NESZMELYI A. , WAGNER H.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend vom L‐Rhamnosid (Ia) werden über die Acetate (Ib) bzw. (Id) die Benzylether (Ic) und (Ie) dargestellt, aus denen die Dibenzylether (IIa) bzw. (IIb) erhältlich sind.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF STEREOREGULAR NUCLEOPEPTIDES OF MIXED TYPE CONTAINING RESIDUES OF L‐THYMINYL‐N1‐α‐ALANINE, L‐ADENYLYL‐N9‐α‐ALANINE, AND L‐LYSINE
Authors: SEMILETOV YU. A. , KORSHUNOVA G. A. , SHVACHKIN YU. P.
Published: April 2016

Es werden 13 wasserlösliche Tri‐ und Tetra‐nucleopeptide beschrieben, die die im Titel genannten Reste enthalten.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISM‐BASED ENZYME INACTIVATION USING AN ALLYL SULFOXIDE‐ALLYL SULFENATE ESTER REARRANGEMENT
Authors: JOHNSTON M. , RAINES R. , WALSH C. , FIRESTONE R. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Desaktivierung von Cystathionin‐ry‐Synthetase und Methionin‐qr‐lyase durch die Sulfinyl‐aminosäuren (Ia) sowie ein Ketten‐tritiiertes Isotopomeres, die Reaktivierung durch Thiole und einen Desaktivierungsschutz durch Thiole werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: THE PENEMS, A NEW CLASS OF β‐LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS. 6. SYNTHESIS OF 2‐ALKYLTHIOPENEMCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Authors: LANG M. , PRASAD K. , GOSTELI J. , WOODWARD R. B.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend von den 2‐Oxoazetidinyl‐(4)‐trithiocarbonaten (III), erhalten aus dem 4‐Acetoxy‐Analogen (I) und den entsprechenden K‐trithiocarbonaten (II), werden durch Umsetzung mit dem Ethyl‐Hemiacetal von p‐Nitrobenzylglyoxylat (IV) Diastereomerengemische der Alkohole (V) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE BEHAVIOR OF INCORPORATED IMPURITIES IN TANTALUM ANODIC OXIDE FILMS AT THE DIELECTRIC BREAKDOWN
Authors: ARIFUKU F. , YONEYAMA H. , TAMURA H.
Published: April 2016

Die Verteilungsprofile von in anodischen Oxidfilmen auf Ta eingebauten Verunreinigungen werden vor und nach dem dielektrischen Durchschlag der Fihne als Funktion derEindringtiefevon P, Sund Cl in den Film untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: A POTENTIOMETRIC STUDY OF AZIDE COMPLEXES OF COBALT(II) AND MANGANESE(II)
Authors: AVSAR E.
Published: April 2016

Untersuchungen mit Hilfe einer Glaselektrode in wäßrigen NaClO4‐Lösungen der Ionenstärke 1 bei 25°C zeigen, daß in beiden Systemen nur jeweils 2 einkernige Komplexe gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: POLARIZED ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF (ETHYLENEDIAMINE)DICHLOROPALLADIUM(II)
Authors: MARTIN D. S. , ROBBINS G. A. , RUSH R. M.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe C2221.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF CYCLOPROPANONE ADDUCTS
Authors: VAN TILBORG W. J. M. , PLOMP R. , DE RUITER R. , SMIT C. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Elektroreduktion der Dibromketone (I) führt zu den Cyclopropanonen (II), die in Form der Addukte (III) mit Nucleophilen isoliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION OF DIAZOMETHANE TO UNSYMMETRICAL CARBODIIMIDES AND MASS SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF 1,5‐DISUBSTITUTED 1,2,3‐TRIAZOLES
Authors: SVETLIK J. , LESKO J. , MARTVON A.
Published: April 2016

Die frisch bereiteten unsymmetrischen Carbodiimide (Ia) addieren bei 0°C in Ether Diazomethan (II) zu den Triazolen (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR DIELS‐ALDER ADDITIONS. PART 1. ADDITIONS TO ANTHRACENE AND ACRIDINE
Authors: CIGANEK E.
Published: April 2016

Durch intramolekulare Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion von in 9‐Stellung substituierten Anthracenen entstehen thermisch 9,12‐verbrückte Anthracenderivate.
ChemInform Abstract: CLEAVAGE OF THE METHYLENEDIOXY RING. II. CLEAVAGE WITH SODIUM PHENOXIDE AND METHOXIDE IN DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE
Authors: KOBAYASHI S. , IMAKURA Y. , HORIKAWA R.
Published: April 2016

Die Ringöffnung von Dioxolanen (I) bzw. (V) erfolgt je nach Basenstärke des Nucleophjls so, daß Phenoxymethylether (II) bzw. (VII) oder Methylether wie (VI) entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL REDUCTIVE ACYLATION AND OXIDATIVE ACYL ACTIVATION ON PHENAZINE AND RELATED NITROGEN HETEROCYCLES
Authors: TAKAGI M. , GOTO S. , MATSUDA T.
Published: April 2016

Die Bestrahlung von Phenazin (I) in Acet‐ oder Propionaldehyd liefert komplizierte Mischungen, aus denen durch Umkristallisation und Säulenchromatographie die N‐acylierten Dihydrophenazine (II) isoliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐OXA‐Γ,Δ‐ENONES. II. REARRANGEMENT AND INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLOADDITION OF 1‐CYCLOPENTENYLOXY‐2‐PROPANONE
Authors: MATTAY J.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Photolyse des 1‐Cyclopentenyloxy‐2‐propanons (I) entstehen im wesentlichen die Folgeprodukte (II) und (III) neben geringen Anteilen an Aceton (IV) und Cyclopentanon (V).
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHA‐1,2‐DIOXETANES: POSSIBLE CHEMILUMINESCENT INTERMEDIATES OF PHOTOOXYGENATION OF BENZOPHENONE AND FLUORENONE TRIPHENYLPHOSPHAZINES
Authors: SUZUKI N. , WAKATSUKI S. , IZAWA Y.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Keton‐triphenylphosphazinen (I) erhält man bei der mit Methylenblau (V) sensibilisierten Oxi‐ 33 dation über ein Cycloaddukt (II) die entsprechenden Ketone (III), wobei Triphenylphosphinoxid (IV) eliminiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF THIONITRITES OR THIONITRATES WITH CARBANIONS
Authors: SHINHAMA K. , KIM Y. H. , OAE S.
Published: April 2016

Reaktion von Thionitriten (I) bzw. des Thionitrats (VI) mit entsprechenden Grignardverbindungen (II) bzw. mit den Alkyl‐Li‐Verbindungen (VII) liefert die Sulfide (III) [ + Nebenprodukte (IV) + (V) (geringe Mengen)] bzw. (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECTS OF CRYPTANDS AND ACTIVATION OF BASES. V. ACTION OF ALKALI HYDRIDES ON N WEAK ACIDS. II. ALKYLATION OF ANIONS OBTAINED
Authors: PASQUINI M. A. , LE GOALLER R. , PIERRE J. L.
Published: April 2016

Phenoxide, Alkoxide und Amidate werden in Gegenwart eines Kryptatbildners in THF bei Raumtemp. leicht alkyliert.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILIC REACTIONS OF HEXAFLUORO‐1,2‐EPOXYPROPANE WITH 1,2‐BIFUNCTIONAL ETHANES
Authors: KAWA H. , HAMOUDA H. A. , ISHIKAWA N.
Published: April 2016

Reaktion der bifunktionellen Ethane (I) mit der Titelverbindung (II) in Diglyme liefert die Derivate (III), (IV), (Va), (Vb) [ + (VI)] bzw. (Vc) [+ (VII)].
ChemInform Abstract: WITTIG‐TYPE REACTION OF DIMETALATED CARBODIANION SPECIES AS PRODUCED BY ZINC REDUCTION OF GEM‐POLYHALOGEN COMPOUNDS IN THE PRESENCE OF LEWIS ACIDS
Authors: TAKAI K. , HOTTA Y. , OSHIMA K. , NOZAKI H.
Published: April 2016

Behandlung der Carbonylverbindungen (I) mit einer Suspension von Zn/Diiodmethan(II)/Trimethyl‐Al liefert die Olefine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: THE REACTION OF ALKENYLBORANES WITH PALLADIUM ACETATE. STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF OLEFINIC DERIVATIVES
Authors: YATAGAI H.
Published: April 2016

Reaktion der in situ aus terminalen Acetylenen (I) erhältlichen Alkenylborane (III) mit äquimolaren Mengen Pd‐acetat in Gegenwart von Triethylamin liefert die E‐Olefine (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF COMPOUNDS WITH POSITIVE HALOGENS, WITH 1:1 COMPLEXES OF SILVER NITRATE AND TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OR TRIMETHYL PHOSPHITE
Authors: KETARI R. , FOUCAUD A.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Brom‐Verbindungen (Ia) und (Ib) bzw. (III) erhält man mit den Komplexen von Silbernitrat mit Triphe‐ 55 nylphosphin oder Trimethylphosphit die entsprechenden Nitroverbindungen (II) bzw. (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIZATION OF N,N‐DIALKYLNERYL‐ AND GERANYLAMINE WITH ACIDS
Authors: TAKABE K. , YAMADA T. , SATO T. , KATAGIRI T.
Published: April 2016

Die Terpenamine (I) reagieren mit BF3‐Etherat (II) zu einem Gemisch der isomeren cyclischen Amine (III) und (IV), die sich mit H2SO4 zum Cyclogeranylamin (V) isomerisieren lassen.
ChemInform Abstract: OLEFINIC AND ACETYLENIC COMPOUNDS. V. THE REGIOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 1,5‐DISUBSTITUTED CYCLOOCTATETRAENE DERIVATIVES
Authors: FIGEYS H. P. , VAN LOMMEN G. , BELLADONE M. , DESTREBECQ M.
Published: April 2016

Cyclopentadien (I) und Cyclohexanon (II) werden zum Cyclohexylidenderivat (III) kondensiert und dann mit Cyano‐ bzw. Carbomethoxy‐acetylen (IVa) bzw. (IVb) in die Norbornadiene (V) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REARRANGEMENTS OF ALKYL‐QUADRICYCLANONES
Authors: FIGEYS H. P. , DESTREBECQ M. , VAN LOMMEN G.
Published: April 2016

Cyclopentadien (I) wird in das Isopropylderivat (III) umgewandelt und nach Kondensation mit Cyclohexanon (IV) mit Acetylenverbindungen (VI) in die isomeren Addukte (VII) und (VIII) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PHENYLISOCYANATES BY THE CARBONYLATION OF AROMATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS IN THE PRESENCE OF A RHODIUM CARBONYLCHLORIDE DIMER (RH(CO)2CL)2 ACTIVATED BY PYRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: NOVIKOV S. S. , MANOV‐YUVENSKII V. I. , SMETANIN A. V. , NEFEDOV B. K.
Published: April 2016

Die Herstellung aromatischer Isocyanate aus entsprechenden Nitroverbindungen und CO über dem Rhodium‐Katalysator (Rh(CO)2Cl)2 ist bekannt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS WITH RADICAL ANIONS. III. BENZOINS AND BENZILS WITH PYRENE‐ AND (2.2)PARACYCLOPHANE UNITS
Authors: KIRRSTETTER R. G. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Carbonsäureester (I) reagieren mit Lithiumnaphthalinid (II) zu einem Gemisch aus den Benzoinen (III) und den Benzilen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL NEUROEXCITATORY AMINO ACIDS DERIVED FROM KAINIC ACID
Authors: GOLDBERG O. , LUINI A. , TEICHBERG V. I.
Published: April 2016

Kaininsäure (Ia) wird am Stickstoff‐Atom zum Derivat (Ib) substituiert und dann über Ozonolyse und nachfolgende Hypobromit‐Oxidation in die N‐geschützte Carbonsäure (IIIb) übergeführt, die bei Hydrolyse die freie Säure (IIIa) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW SYNTHESIS WITH ELEMENTAL SULFUR. PREPARATION OF 1,2‐BENZISOTHIAZOLES AND SOME SECONDARY REACTIONS
Authors: MARKERT J. , HAGEN H.
Published: April 2016

Kondensation entsprechender Chlorketone (I) mit NH3 und S im Autoklaven liefert die Benzothiazole (II).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN 4‐HYDROXYCOUMARINS: SYNTHESIS OF 3‐ALKYLCOUMARINS AND COUMARIN‐CHROMONE TAUTOMERISM IN 3‐ALKYL‐4‐HYDROXYCOUMARINS
Authors: AHLUWALIA V. K. , PRAKASH C. , JOLLY R. S.
Published: April 2016

Die 3‐Alkyl‐cumarine (I werden durch Tosylierung der 4‐Hydroxy‐cumarine (I) und anschließende reduktive Detosylierung der intermediären Sulfonate (II) dargestellt; eine altemative Methode für die Synthese der Cumarine (IIIc)‐(IIIf) wird beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF UNSYMMETRIC BIS(COUMARINOXY)ALKANES
Authors: THAKAR K. A. , PATHAK R. V. , DUMIR A. B.
Published: April 2016

Die aus den Hydroxycumarinen (I) durch Umsetzung mit Dihalogenalkanen (II) gebildeten Gemische von symmetrischen Bis‐cumarinoxy‐alkanen (III) und oo‐Bromalkyloxycumarinen (IV) werden voneinander getrennt.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON 1‐(THIOSULFINYLAMINOTHIO)PIPERIDINES
Authors: MORIMURA S. , HORIUCHI H. , TAMURA C. , YOSHIOKA T.
Published: April 2016

Reaktion der sterisch gehinderten Piperidinderivate (I) mit S2Cl2 und nachfolgende Behandlung mit Ammoniak liefern außer den (bereits bekannten) Trisulfiden (III) (Hauptprodukte) und Disulfiden (IV) (geringe Mengen) die Titelverbindungen (II) mit einer neuen funktionalen Gruppe.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF 1,8,9‐TRIAZAANTHRACENE DERIVATIVES (ANTHYRIDINE)
Authors: CZUBA W. , BAJGROWICZ J. A.
Published: April 2016

Aus Nicotinsäureamid (I) wird das Naphthyridin (V) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE AS NON‐COORDINATING ANION IN LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES
Authors: SEMINARA A. , RIZZARELLI E.
Published: April 2016

Die aus Lanthanoidoxiden oder ‐carbonaten mit Trifluormethansulfonsäure dargestellten Trifluormethansulfonate bilden mit cyclischem Ethylen‐ oder Propylenharnstoff, Pyridin‐N‐oxid, Bipyridyl‐N,N′‐dioxid, Picolinamid oder Phenanthrolin in sieden dem Ethanol die kationischen Komplexe (I) und (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF METHYL(PHENYL)ZIRCONIUM
Authors: RAZUVAEV G. A. , VYSHINSKAYA L. I. , VASIL'EVA G. A. , MALYSHEVA A. V. , MAR'IN V. P.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion der Organopolymere Struktur besitzt.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF (η3‐METHALLYL) AND (η4‐BUTADIENE) LIGANDS FROM (η1‐2‐BUTEN‐1‐YL) COORDINATED TO GROUP IVB METALS. PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION
Authors: BLENKERS J. , DE LIEFDE MEIJER H. J. , TEUBEN J. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion der Chloride (I) mit der Grignard‐ Verbindung (II) bei tiefen Temp. lieferte die o‐Allylkomplexe (III), von denen nur (IIIa) in reiner Form isoliert werden konnte.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOIRON COMPLEXES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. 9. OXIDATIVE CYCLIZATION OF A TRICARBONYLCYCLOHEXADIENEIRON COMPLEX USING FERRIC CHLORIDE ON SILICA GEL
Authors: ONG C. W. , PEARSON A. J.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem bekannten Dien‐eisencarbonyl‐Keton (I) erhält man das Carbinol (II), das mit Eisen(III)‐chlorid zum Tricyclus (III) oxidativ cyclisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF COBALT(I) DERIVATIVES. EVIDENCE FOR Π‐ADDUCT FORMATION
Authors: RAMASAMI T. , ESPENSON J. H.
Published: April 2016

Kinetische Untersuchungen der Reaktionen von Acrylnitril, Methylmercaptid‐ und Cyanidionen mit dem Phosphin‐Co(I)‐Komplex (Ia) oerhalten durch NaBH4‐Reduktion des entsprechenden Chloro‐Co(III)‐Derivates ‐ werden durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COBALT(III) BIPYRIDINE AND PHENANTHROLINE COMPLEXES
Authors: GRASSINI‐STRAZZA G. , SINIBALDI M. , MESSINA A.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend von den cis‐Dichloro‐Co(III)‐Komplexen (II) und (IV) werden die Produkte (I), (III) und (V) dargestellt und als Choride und/oder Nitrate isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDY OF THE SULFONATION OF METAL‐CONTAINING MACROHETEROCYCLES
Authors: MAIZLISH V. E. , BORODKIN V. F.
Published: April 2016

Metallkom‐ plexe der Makroheterocyclen (I)‐(III) können mit SO3 zu den entsprechenden Disulfonsäuren (IV)‐(VI) umgesetzt werden.