bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual outcomes of Visian ICL implantation for high myopia in patients with shallow anterior chamber depth
Authors: Niu Lingling , Miao Huamao , Han Tian , Ding Lan , Wang Xiaoying , Zhou Xingtao
Published: May 2019

Background: High myopia with shallow anterior chamber depth (ACD less than 2.8 mm) is not rare. This observational study aims to evaluate visual outcomes after implantation of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens with a central hole (ICL V4c) in these patients.
Methods: A prospective cohort of consecutive 51 eyes of 31 patients (20 to 42 years old) was followed for at least 12 months (average 15.35 ± 4.90 months, rangers from 12 to 25 months). The preoperative ACD was 2.74 ± 0.04 mm (2.65 to 2.79 mm). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), manifest refraction, vault, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were measured during the follow-ups after surgery.
Results: All surgeries were performed safely and no complication was observed during the follow-up. At the last follow-up, the safety index (postoperative CDVA / preoperative CDVA) was 1.33 ± 0.60 and the efficacy index (postoperative UDVA / preoperative CDVA) was 1.14 ± 0.54. After the surgery, no eye had decreased CDVA and 59% (30 eyes) of the eyes gained at least one line. Forty-seven eyes (92%) were within ± 1.0 D and 35 eyes (69%) were within ± 0.5 D of the attempted refraction. The mean postoperative vault was 380.00 ± 152.84 µm (90 to 700µm). The ECD was reduced by 8.38 ± 0.06% as compared to the preoperative value (p < 0.001). No significant change was observed in IOP (p = 0.061) at the last follow-up. Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) showed none of the eyes had trabecular-iris angle closed.
Conclusions: In this prospective observational study, ICL V4c implantation in patients with high myopia and shallow ACD achieved satisfying and stable visual outcomes. Its long-term safety and stability require further investigation.
Trial Registration: This trial was retrospectively registered on 05/08/2018 under the number (ChiCTR1800017594)
Sugarcane Straw Blanket Management Effects on Plant Growth, Development, and Yield in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Lisboa Izaias P. , Cherubin Maurício R. , de Lima Renato P. , Gmach Maria R. , Wienhold Brian J. , Schmer Marty R. , Jin Virginia L. , Junior Elizio F. F. , Guerra Henrique P. , Cerri Carlos C. , Cerri Carlos E.P.
Published: May 2019

In Brazilian sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production systems, the practice of moving harvesting residue from row to inter‐row positions (i.e., raking) has increased in response to producer concerns over the potential negative effects of sugarcane straw on crop establishment and stalk yield. Despite increasing adoption among sugarcane farmers, the impacts of straw raking practices on plant growth and yield remain unclear. A 2‐yr experiment that included both dry and wet seasons was conducted at two sites in southeastern Brazil to evaluate straw management strategy effects on plant tillering, phytomass accumulation, plant nutritional status, and stalk yield. The experiments were established at the Bom Retiro mill and the Univalem mill. Experimental treatments included raking straw to inter‐rows (raked), total straw removal (bare soil), and no straw removal (straw cover). Raked and bare soil treatments improved plant tillering but did not influence final plant population. Straw management had a slight effect on phytomass accumulation. Reduction of phytomass yield was observed from the first to the second ratoon during both seasons at both sites. At Bom Retiro, phytomass yield decreased 37% for stands established during the dry season and 19% for stands established during the wet season. At Univalem, phytomass yield decreased 20% for stands established during the dry season and 30% for stands established during the wet season. Retaining straw in the field (regardless of treatment) increased leaf tissue P content but not stalk yield. Raking straw from row to inter‐row positions at these locations in southeastern Brazil had no benefit on sugarcane yield but may result in soil compaction and higher production costs over time.
Growth Analysis of Brachiariagrasses and ‘Tifton 85’ Bermudagrass as Affected by Harvest Interval
Authors: Silva Valdson J. , Faria Ana Flávia G. , Pequeno Diego N. L. , Silva Liliane S. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Pedreira Carlos G.S.
Published: May 2019

Understanding plant growth may help to identify factors limiting forage production and contribute to the identification of optimal harvest management. The objective of this study was to describe and explain the effect of two harvest intervals (28 and 42 d) on the growth of Convert HD 364 (Dow AgroSciences, São Paulo, Brazil) hybrid brachiariagrass (Brachiaria spp., syn. Urochloa spp.), ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass [Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) RD Webster, syn. Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf; CIAT 6297], and ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a factorial combination of three grasses and two harvest intervals (n = 4). The following variables were evaluated during two consecutive years: leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR) and leaf weight ratio (LWR). Marandu palisadegrass showed the least CGR (44.4 kg ha−1 d−1) compared with Convert HD 364 and Tifton 85 (∼52 kg ha−1 d−1). Longer harvest interval resulted in greater CGR (55.4 vs. 43.5 kg ha−1 d−1), but generally a lesser RGR, suggesting a reduction in efficiency of growth under 42‐d harvest intervals. Tifton 85 uses less leaf area to produce similar or greater herbage mass due to greater leaf photosynthetic efficiency, as it had greater NAR and lesser LAI, but similar CGR compared with Convert HD 364. The harvest interval of 28 d results in greater C partitioning to leaf and to build leaf area, increasing the leaf proportion in harvested forage.
Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis in a child caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus
Authors: Mizernitsky Yu. L. , Dyakova S. E. , Kostyuchenko M. V. , Klyasova G. A. , Malchikova A. A. , Afanasyeva M. P.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the problem of allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses, which occur in children much more often than they are diagnosed. Their treatment is a challenge, and the prognosis is very problematic. In addition to the most frequent cause of Aspergillus, allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses can be caused by various fungi. The clinical example demonstrates the difficulty of diagnosing and treating a child with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by a rare type of filamentous fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus.
New trends in complementary feeding: theory and practice
Authors: Pyryeva E. A. , Safronova A. I. , Gmoshinskaya M. V. , Toboleva M. A.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses issues related to the introduction of complementary feeding in light of new ideas about its role in preserving child’s health and development. The most controversial topic is protein and carbohydrates consumption, which is significantly changing with the introduction of complementary feeding, both in quantitative and qualitative terms. The results of foreign and domestic studies on the analysis of actual nutrition of children over 6 month old as well as new practical recommendations for introducing complementary feeding are presented. It was found that the actual protein amounts in the recommended diets for children older than 6 months of age in the USA and EU countries significantly exceeds the consumption standards established abroad (FAO / WHO; EFSA, 2017), but is close to the recommended level of protein consumption in domestic practice. Article also reviews the importance of fruit juices in the nutrition of children in the first year of life and gives the rationale for changing tactics of introducing complementary feeding in the pediatric practice in Russia.
The pseudo-life-threatening conditions in infants
Authors: Korableva N. N. , Makarov L. M. , Balykova L. A. , Kotlukova N. P.
Published: May 2019

The article analyzes the literature on the development of views on the definition, approaches to diagnostics and tactical measures in case of suddenly manifesting conditions in children of the first year of life, accompanied by respiratory failure, changes in muscle tone and skin color. The article contains data from the clinical guidelines of theAmericanAcademyof Pediatrics 2016. The above guidelines gave introduced a new term “brief resolved unexplained event” (BRUE) and distinguished two groups of infants – with low and high risk of unfavorable outcome. The article contains a definition of a “life-threatening event”, which refers to events in children of the first year of life who have experienced a rapidly resolved unexplained condition and met the criteria of low risk. The authors describe the approaches to the diagnosis and prevention of pseudo-life-threatening events in infants. The authors call the pediatric community to discuss and present their own view on the problem of definition and tactical measures necessary for identifying quickly resolved unexplained events in children of the first year of life who meet the criteria of low risk.
Osteosarcoma – on the way to personalized therapy. Part I: standard chemotherapy in the present
Authors: Rykov M. Yu. , Senzhapova E. R.
Published: May 2019

Bone sarcomas account for 7% of malignant tumors in children, and osteosarcomas make up 35–50% of them. Many patients are diagnosed at spread stages of the disease, which dictates the need to search for new approaches to treatment. At the same time, the optimal therapeutic strategy is unknown, the results of treatment of such children remain unsatisfactory. Part I of this article describes currently used treatment regimens. Part II presents achievements in the field of personalized therapy. Thus, changes in treatment approaches illustrate the vector of development of the treatment principles of such complex diseases, being fatal for most patients a few years ago.
Transformation model of e-service quality: theoretical substantiation
Authors: Vatolkina N. Sh.
Published: May 2019

The article deals with the problem of modeling the quality of e-services on the basis of evolution analysis and comparison of object factors of theories of technologies’ adoption and continuous use. The author identified and systematized factors of technology adoption in view of consumer characteristics of the service and showed the cyclic nature of model development, when from complicated composition of factors in initial models of technology diffusion and the theory of intellectual acts through simplified ideas of factors in the theory of technology adoption the shift to current complex multi-level models was accomplished. The analysis of theories of technology continuous use showed that they were based on traditional categories of quality, expectations, perception and satisfaction of customer, as well as on the phenomenon of intentions to continue the use, which is applied in the theory of marketing. The analysis gave the author an opportunity to find the necessity to study the essence and features of eservices on the basis of modeling the start and pilot quality of e-services. Such approach helps answer the questions, which usually are not studied in quality management: which characteristics of service are important for customer to make a decision about its use and how his/her ideas about elements of service quality are transformed with acquiring experience of its use. Start quality of e-services, in our opinion, is a totality of e-service characteristics, which influence customer’s expectations concerning its ability to meet his/her needs before customer gets a factual experience of the service use. Start quality impacts the decision about using the e-service. Experience quality means the ability of e-service to meet the changing needs of customer in the process or after its use, which affects satisfaction and intention to continue the use of the e-service. The author put forward the model correlating start and experience quality of e-services.
Topical Cyclosporine (0.05%) for Management of Dry Eyes in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery-A Comparative Study
Authors: Ganesh Sri , Brar Sheetal , Bagare Sheetal N.
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To assess the efficacy of topical cyclosporine 0.05% in the management of cataract surgery induced dry eye.

Methods:

This prospective, comparative, randomized, interventional study included 67 patients undergoing cataract surgery. The patients were randomized into three categories Group A: patients on topical lubricants and cyclosporine 0.05%, Group B: patients on topical lubricants only and Group C: patients not on any dry eye medication. Patients were given the respective treatment 2 weeks prior and 3 months after cataract surgery, along with an identical perioperative regimen of topical steroids, antibiotics and NSAIDs. Dry eye evaluation done 2 weeks pre-op, 1 week post-op and 3 months post-op consisted of a subjective questionnaire, tear osmolarity, Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) and Schirmer’s 1 without and with anaesthesia.

Results:

Pre-operatively, all the 3 groups were matched in terms of mean age, tear osmolarity, TBUT and Schirmer’s 1 without and with anaesthesia scores. At 3 months, patients treated with both topical lubricants and cyclosporine (0.05%)(Group A) showed improvement subjective questionnaire, tear osmolarity, TBUT and Schirmer’s 1 tests. Patients treated with lubricants only (Group B) showed a significant worsening in TBUT and tear osmolarity at 1 week, however, the values returned to baseline at 3 months.The control group (Group C) had the worst TBUT scores at the end of 3 months and showed the persistence of raised tear osmolarity, suggestive of a prolonged ocular inflammation resulting in patient dissatisfaction.

Conclusion:

Topical cyclosporine (0.05%) may be a useful adjuvant to prevent and treat cataract surgery associated with dry eye symptoms, especially in patients with pre-existing dry eye disease.
Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Rectus Sheath Block: A Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Study
Authors: Salem Wafaa T , Alsamahy Khaled A , Ibrahim Wael A , Alsaed Abear S , Salaheldin Mohamed M
Published: May 2019

Background:

Extended midline laparotomy incision is accompanied by intense pain postoperatively which affects patients’ physiology; therefore, good control of postoperative pain is mandatory to decrease the adverse effects on the body. Ultrasound-guided Bilateral Rectus Sheath Block (BRSB) is one of the options to achieve this goal.

Objective:

The study aimed to assess the analgesic potency of adding dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided BRSB in cancer patients with a midline laparotomy incision.

Methods:

Sixty adult cancer patients planned for laparotomies with extended midline incision were included. Ultrasound-guided BRSB was performed immediately after the induction of anesthesia.

Patients were classified randomly into two groups; B group, where only bupivacaine was used for BRSB and BD group in whom a mixture of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine was used.

Results:

A significant decrease in visual analogue scale scores, total morphine consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting and postoperative cortisol levels was observed in group BD.

Conclusion:

Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in US-guided rectus sheath block bilaterally proved to be effective for proper pain management postoperatively in cancer patients after extended midline abdominal incision.
Numerical investigations on post-fire bond behaviour of reinforcement in concrete
Authors: Das Arunita , Bošnjak Josipa , Sharma Akanshu
Published: May 2019

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures may be subjected to accidental fire loads during their service life. In such a case, it is essential to have appropriate methods for the estimation of post-fire performance. One of the vital aspects for the performance of RC structures is adequate steel-to-concrete bond. The bond behaviour under ambient conditions is very well established. However, an appropriate model for the assessment of the post-fire bond capacity is still lacking. In order to provide more insight into the bond performance after fire, a 3D FE numerical study using a thermo-mechanical model with temperature dependent microplane model for concrete is performed. The effects of concrete cover, confinement through stirrups, fire duration and exposure type on post-fire bond performance are investigated using beam-end specimen. The results show a strong degradation of post-fire bond capacity, which is primarily attributed to the irreversible damage of concrete cover resulting from heating and cooling.
Should the U.S. Adopt a National Dental Clinical Licensure Examination? Two Viewpoints
Authors: Gambacorta Joseph E. , Jeong Natalie , MacDougall Mary , Gottlieb Riki , Price Jeffery B. , Reinke Robin
Published: May 2019

This Point/Counterpoint article examines the need for and potential impact of implementing a national clinical examination for initial licensure in dentistry. Viewpoint 1 supports a national licensure exam that meets the clinical exam's credentialing requirement for licensure in every state. According to this viewpoint, a national exam will reduce costs, enhance portability of graduates, simplify the transition from dental school to practice or specialty training programs, and standardize requirements for licensure between states. Viewpoint 2 opposes a national licensure exam. This viewpoint supports individual states' dental board decision making process, which is based on identifiable state‐specific criteria. The ability to prioritize needs at the state level allows for higher exam standards, easier modifications, more focused requirements, and better calibration in specific exam areas. Viewpoint 2 argues that the delicate balance between licensure agencies and organized dentistry in each state, as well as the involvement of dental schools in the licensure process, must be preserved. This Point/Counterpoint concludes with a joint statement about the prospects for adoption of a national licensure exam.
Comparison of Dental Students' Perceived Value of Faculty vs. Peer Feedback on Non‐Technical Clinical Competency Assessments
Authors: Andrews Elizabeth , Dickter David N. , Stielstra Sorrel , Pape Gary , Aston Sheree J.
Published: May 2019

Although reviewing dental students' clinical competency assessments is an important aspect of instruction, finding time to give individual feedback to each student poses a challenge for faculty members, and some students may prefer to receive feedback from a peer. The aim of this study was to explore dental students' perceived value of feedback on their performance in a simulated patient care activity from either a faculty member or a peer. Participants were third‐ and fourth‐year dental students who had completed two years of interprofessional instruction and a videotaped objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) with standardized patients. Participants in two cohorts were randomly assigned to a faculty or peer feedback group. Cohort one (2015‐16) consisted of 66 students: 21 in faculty‐led groups, and 45 in peer‐led groups. Cohort two (2017) consisted of 60 students: 17 in faculty‐led groups, and 43 in peer‐led groups. In both types of pairings, the protocol consisted of jointly observing a video recording of student performance in the simulated patient encounter and discussing questions about the student's performance in non‐technical competencies such as communication, patient safety, scope of practice, and conflict resolution. For cohort two, prior to the feedback sessions, students in the peer feedback groups received a 60‐minute training on providing constructive feedback. All 126 students in the two cohorts completed an evaluation questionnaire after the experience. The results showed that students in both types of feedback sessions perceived value in the feedback and believed it enhanced their skills. However, students rated faculty feedback significantly higher (p<0.05) than peer feedback on nearly all dimensions. Perceived value did not differ by age, gender, class year, or OSCE performance. These results provide support for the value of peer feedback on nontechnical clinical competency assessments, though not as a substitute for faculty feedback.
Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing Training for Primary Care Dentists and Dental Health Technicians: Results from a Community Clinical Trial
Authors: Faustino‐Silva Daniel Demétrio , Meyer Elisabeth , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot
Published: May 2019

Motivational interviewing (MI) is an approach that uses dialogue about behavioral change to encourage a constructive relationship between professionals and patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the maintenance of basic MI skills in the daily practice of dentists and oral health technicians (OHTs) after a training course and for two years of follow‐up in the context of primary health care (PHC). A randomized community trial, from September 2012 to September 2014, was conducted at the Community Health Service of Conceição Hospital Group in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The experimental group consisted of all 41 dentists and OHTs who received an intensive eight‐hour training course in basic MI principles; the control group consisted of 31 dentists and OHTs who did not receive MI training. The follow‐up assessments were at one and two years using three instruments validated for MI. In the one‐ and two‐year follow‐ups, improvement was maintained in responses with a statistically significant difference for use of open questioning, reflective listening, and total percentage of correct answers (p<0.001), with a large effect size (ES=1.12). On the Helpful Responses Questionnaire, the participants continued using open questioning and reflective listening (p<0.001), maintaining an increase in the percentage of responses compatible with MI (p<0.001). Likewise, the effect size remained large (ES=1.33) over time. These results suggest that the training course with dentists and OHTs of the PHC oral health staff was effective over the two‐year follow‐up in enabling them to act in the spirit and techniques of MI.
Some Aspects of Total Hip Replacement with Subtrochanteric Shortening Osteotomy in Patients with Congenital Hip Dislocation (Review)
Authors: Tryapichnikov A. S. , Kamshilov B. V. , Chegurov O. K. , Zaytseva O. P. , Ermakov A. M.
Published: May 2019

Total hip replacement (THR) in patients with a high congenital dislocation of the hip (Crowe type IV dysplasia in Crowe classification) is a technically difficult operation, associated with a high risk of complications. The most common variations of THRs used to restore the true center of rotation of the hip are subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy and proximal shortening osteotomy using the Paavilainen technique. Numerous publications refer to the technique and outcomes of subtrochanteric osteotomy, but fundamental differences of opinion persist on a number of points relating to the topic.The objective of the study is to analyze the publications on the treatment for crowe type IV hip dislocations using total replacement of the hip joint (HJ) with subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy.The hypothesis of the study was as follows: the method of fixation of the femoral component, the type of osteotomy and the design features of the implant (philosophy) are the factors that determine the effectiveness of the operation. The electronic databases eLIBRARY and PubMed were searched for publications containing keywords in Russian or English: high dislocation of the hip, total replacement of the Hj, shortening subtrochanteric osteotomy. As a result of the study, the proposed hypothesis was partially confirmed. There were only minor differences in the overall incidence of complications and the survivorship of implants when using different types of cementless stems. The incidence of non-unions after the installation of cemented femoral components was higher than with the implantation of cementless. We did not find convincing evidence of the advantage of the step-cut, V-shaped and oblique osteotomies compared with the transverse osteotomy. Typical complications for such operations were the nerve injuries, intraoperative hip fractures, dislocations and non-unions of the femur at the osteotomy site.
Mid- and Long-Term Results of Total Elbow Arthroplasty: Post-Traumatic Consequences and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Aliev A. G. , Ambrosenkov A. V. , Boyarov A. A. , Zhabin G. I. , Dzhavadov A. A.
Published: May 2019

Objective of the study: to identify differences in the functional outcomes of total elbow arthroplasty in posttraumatic and rheumatoid cases, to determine the factors affecting the outcomes and rate of the complication.Materials and methods. A retrospective study included 269 patients (272 elbows), who underwent primary total elbow arthroplasty (TEA), 100 men (37.2%), and 169 women (62.8%). The first group included 191 patients (191 elbows) who had elbow trauma. The average follow-up after the operation was 6.9 years (from 0.5 up to 21 years). The compared group included 78 patients (81 elbows) operated on for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The average follow-up time after total elbow arthroplasty was 3.8 years (0.4 to 16.5 years).Results. Tea significantly improved joint function (mean values in post-trauma patients on the Mayo score were 73.8±14.1 points, on the oxford questionnaire — 30.5±8.9, DASH — 40.3±18.4, EQ-5D — 0.536±0.234; in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, on the Mayo score — 75.4±15.5 points, DASH — 38.6±15.8, OES — 35.5±7.9, EQ-5D — 0.580±0.2). In the first group, the frequency of postoperative complications requiring a revision was significantly higher than in the compared group (23.8% and 13.6%, respectively, OR 3.2; 95% CI 0.7-3.0). In the first group, a statistically significant risk of aseptic loosening of the implants was observed in patients operated on for pseudarthrosis of the distal humerus (OR 8.5; 95% CI 1.7-43.6) and post-traumatic deformity (OR 10.5; 95% CI 1.3-88.5). The use of some endoprostheses is also associated with a high risk of aseptic instability (OR 3.5; 95% CI 0.9-13.3). A significant risk of a deep periprosthetic infection was observed in patients with post-traumatic bone defect (OR 7.0; 95% CI 1.2-40.1) and post-traumatic deformity of the elbow joint (OR 14.0; 95% CI 2.5-77.8). Risk factors for loosening endoprostheses in patients with RA were: defective cementation of humeral component (OR 35.0; 95% CI 3.8325.0), valgus deviation of the humeral component 9° (OR 9.2; 95% CI 1.0-82.2), low constructive reliability of the endoprosthesis (OR 13.6; 95% CI 2.3-79.4), patient age 59 years (OR 12.8; 95% CI 1.5-113.0 ), BMI 32 kg/m2 (OR 8.4; 95% CI 1.5-47.5), and CRP level 36.1 mg/l (OR 4.8; 95% CI 0.4-65.8).Conclusion. Mid-term and longterm results showed that TEA helps restore the amplitudes of elbow movement and the function of the limb, both in elbows with post-traumatic consequences and with RA. However, the frequency of postoperative complications requiring a revision is significantly higher in the group of patients with consequences of the fractures than in the group of patients with RA.
Kesuksesan Karier Ditinjau dari Persepsi Pengembangan Karier dan Komitmen Karier pada Pekerja Milenial
Authors: Lakshmi Putu Aninditha Veera , Sumaryono Sumaryono
Published: May 2019

The hospitality industry is one of the fastest growing service industries with the majority of employees are millennial workers. Millennial workers concerned to successful of their career so that they are willing to leave one organization to another to realize career success. Based on that, it is important for organization to help realize employee career success through career development. Moreover, career success can also be realized by the commitment of employees to their careers. This research is a quantitative with multiple regression analysis, which aims to determine career success reviewed from perceptions of career development and career commitment. Respondents in this study are millennial workers who work in hospitality industry which are taken by quota sampling method. The results of this study state that perceptions of career development and career commitment are predictors of career success in millennial workers in hospitality industry. The influence is 44.8% on increasing career success.
The Effect of Urease Inhibitors Coated Urea on the Growth, Physiological Activities and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Inceptisol Jogonalan, Klaten
Authors: Dewi Fransisca Christiana , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila , Wulandari Cahyo
Published: May 2019

An approach to minimize the loss of nitrogen (N) evaporating from urea is by inhibiting urease activity by urea coating with N- (n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and N- (n-propyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NPPT). The effect of urease inhibitor to minimize N loss has not been done in inceptisol soil. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of urease inhibitor coated urea on growth, physiological activity and yield of maize in Inceptisol Jogonalan, Klaten, Indonesia. The treatment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replications namely N0 (without fertilizer), N1 (urea + NBPT 348 kg ha-1) and N2 (urea + NBPT 278 kg ha-1). All treated plants was fertilized once in one growing season 3 weeks after planting (WAP). Observations were done on several variables: soil physicochemical characteristics, plant physiological activity as well as growth and yield of maize. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and then the mean comparisons were done by using Least Significance Difference (LSD) test at 5%. The results showed that fertilization affected all observed variables. The effect of urea-coated urea inhibitor urease (NBPT+NPPT) compared with N0 (control) showed very optimum result, especially in N2 treatment. The urea coated with NBPT + NPPT (urease inhibitors) was more effective at lower dose of 278 kg ha-1 and tended to provide better results indicated by the growth and yield of maize in Inceptisol, Jogonalan, Klaten. The better growth as well as the higher yield of maize that was indicated by seed weight of 11,45 tons ha-1 and 100-seed weight of 37.75 g were obtained from N2 treatment as compared to other treatments. The hybrid maize (P35) has an optimum yield potential of 12.1 tons of dry pipes per hectare.
Growth and Yield of Inpari 29 Rice Varieties on Raised-bed and Different Depths of Sunken-bed in Saline Field
Authors: Nasrudin Nasrudin , Kurniasih Budiastuti
Published: May 2019

Increased productivity of rice is required to meet the increasing food demand. Utilization of marginal lands, such as saline land is one of the solutions applicable to increase rice production. The objective of this study was to determine the growth and yield of Inpari 29 rice variety planted on raised-bed and different depths of sunken-bed in saline field. This study used the Split Plot Design with two treatments. The depth as the main plot consisted of two depth levels: a depth of 50 cm and a depth of 25; and the planting area field as the subplot that consisted of two levels: raised-bed and sunken-bed. The treatment was repeated three times. The rice planted in sunken-bed showed higher growth than in raised-bed as indicated by the high content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity and plant height. The rice planted in the sunken-bed yielded higher than in raised-bed as indicated by higher harvest index and the weight of grain per clump. Rice planted in 25 cm depth showed higher nitrate reductase activity and grain weight per clump than in 50 cm depth.
Perfecting the Theory of Meaning: The Story of Pragmatics and Discourse Analysis
Authors: El-Dali Hosni M.
Published: May 2019

The common sense view of what language is for is that language is used for communication. However, some of the most prominent linguists in the field reject this view. In other words, the majority of professional linguists used to adopt a view of language which is at odds with the view held by non-linguists. The phenomenon of communication has often been thought of as peripheral in linguistic research. This view is a result of the strong hold the abstract objectivist language conception has had on modern linguistic thought. Communication has been reduced to a subordinate place amongst the possible functions of language. This low status attributed to communication is challenged by different pragmatic approaches to language. On the other hand, the content and use of the term “communication” is even by humanistic standards extremely ambiguous, and it has, therefore, often been difficult to use in practical, empirical work. This study is primarily a deep survey of the major contributions of both “discourse analysis” and “pragmatics” in an attempt to clarify the problem of understanding meaning in language use. In addition, it attempts to show how language is used, as a persuasive tool, in political discourse.The present study demonstrates that it would be a mistake to adopt an approach to pragmatics and discourse analysis which focuses on linguistic factors alone, or social factors alone, to the exclusion of cognitive factors. Also, it would be a mistake to adopt an approach which is exclusively speaker-oriented or exclusively hearer-oriented. The process of making meaning is a joint accomplishment between speaker and hearer; between writer and reader. In addition, the present study shows that both disciplines “pragmatics” and “discourse analysis” are hybrid fields of inquiry; and their common themes are “language”, “language users”, “communication”, and “meaning in interaction”. Both disciplines have borrowed their theoretical and methodological orientations from almost the same social and human disciplines. Accordingly, the terms “pragmatics” and “discourse analysis” can be used interchangeably. Finally, the present study shows that political speech is one of the main persuasive tools used by politicians to present their political persons and to further their political agendas.
JAN TSCHICHOLD’DAN BUGÜNE YENİ TİPOGRAFİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fatih , KURT Hatice
Published: May 2019

Mağara resimleri ile başlayan iletişim
kurma ihtiyaçları zamana-mekâna göre ve çağın getirdiklerinden etkilenerek
gelişir, değişir ve iletişimin kurulması için harflere, rakamlara ve sembollere
dönüşür. Az sayıda insanda bulunan yazılı kaynaklar, teknolojinin etkisi ile daha
kolay üretilebilir hale gelir, el yazması eserlerin uzun zaman süren hazırlık
aşaması minimuma indirgenir ve seri üretim Gutenberg’in hareketli matbaayı bulması
ile hayatımıza girer. Teknolojideki bu gelişmeler ve kalite standartlarının
yükselmesi, insanları yeni sanat arayışlarına yöneltir.

Tipografi, görsel iletişim tasarımı
içerisinde anlamı güçlendiren, mesajın kaynağa ulaşmasını sağlayan önemli bir
araçtır. Bu bağlamda baktığımızda geçerlilikleri hala devam etmekte olan “Yeni
Tipografi” düşüncesi iyi anlaşılmalıdır. Savunduğu düşüncenin sadeliği, tırnaksız
yazı tipi seçimi ve asimetrik tipografi ile net ve anlaşılır tasarımların
olması, iletişim için yapılan tipografi ile bu tasarım fikrinin savunucusu ve
hareketin öncüsü olan Jan Tschichold ve Yeni Tipografi anlayışını, tipografiye
sağladığı önemli gelişmeleri ve yenilikleri tanımak, günümüz tipografisini ve
dijital dünyanın tipografiye yaklaşımını anlayabilmek açısından önem arz
etmektedir. Bu amaçla makalede nitel araştırma yönteminden faydalanılıp,
literatür taraması yapılarak çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Determining the width of the workpiece under bending conditions with stretching of the stamped part
Authors: Morozov Yury A , Verkhov Evgeniy Yu
Published: May 2019

Aims of research. This paper deals with the problem of determining the radius of the neutral surface of the bending strip at the same time the action of tensile stresses. Methods. In the development of technological processes of sheet bending and the calculation of the initial billet (sweep), most often considered a flat stress state and preference is given to the theory of pure bending, providing uniform curvature of the individual layers of metal under the action of the bending moment and neglecting the action of transverse tensile forces. However, in reality, bending is always accompanied by sliding of the metal along the deforming tool, causing the appearance of friction forces and creating a complex loading in the form of plastic bending with stretching in the metal, which will additionally displace the neutral surface, forcing the experienced one to adjust the technology of manufacturing bent parts. Provides an overview and analysis of the most famous works dedicated to the topic, specifying the distribution of the contact stresses from the inner surface to the center of curvature and developed the theory of complex bending, which allows to specify the radius of the neutral surface in conditions of stretching of the flexible strip of the additional tangential stresses. Results. The results obtained will allow to simulate the stress state of the metal in the development of technological processes of sheet stamping and, in particular, to assess the specific braking force during the bending (straightening) of the strip in the process of pulling through the thresholds and brake edges of the die tooling to eliminate possible defects in the elongated parts and to clarify the dimensions of the workpiece and the finished profile.
Development of the design module of the software and hardware complex to ensure the safety of mutually influencing HPS
Authors: Rubin Oleg D , Antonov Anton S , Bellendir Evgeny N , Kobochkina Ekaterina M , Kotlov Oleg N
Published: May 2019

Relevance. As part of the implementation of the Federal Law No. 117-FZ “On the Safety of Hydraulic Structures”, it is necessary to continuously monitor the state of hydraulic structures and related facilities by equipping with control and measuring instruments. The development of modern computer complexes allows us to carry out and predict the state of objects by combining computational research and field observations. The work is aimed at organizing a comprehensive assessment of the state of the HPS and ensuring the safety of existing and projected mutually influential complexes. Aims of research. Improving the safety of the operated (under construction) complex of interfering hydraulic structures. Assessment of sufficient and highquality engineering and repair work carried out on the HPS. Development of recommendations for improving the efficiency of construction of new and modernization of operated hydropower facilities. HPS on the example of the Zagorsk HPS. Methods. Representation of the interaction ideology of various software systems of mathematical modeling, using control and measuring instruments data for calibration and verification of mathematical models. Results. The structure of the HSC calculation module was updated, systematization of the calculation models was carried out, interaction and transfer of the initial data to the calculation module of the software and hardware complex was revealed. The implementation of scientific research is aimed at improving the safety of the complex hydraulic structures.
Theory of “food regimes” as a model to explain the strategies of agrarian development (the ‘cases’ of Russia and Brazil)
Authors: Niederle P , Kurakin A A , Nikulin A M , Schneider S
Published: May 2019

The ‘food regime’ approach was introduced as a historical method of “incorporated comparison” (P. McMichael). This comparison of the role of agriculture in the world-system made some scholars overemphasize an excessively unitary and coherent global food regime. The authors recognize this approach as a historical-comparative analytical tool to understand global trends, but argue that the Russian and Brazilian agrarian development question some ideas of the food regime approach. The contemporary positions of two countries in the global markets also prove the divergences in their positioning in the food regime genealogy. The paper focuses on the production and export of soy and wheat which do not represent the entire agrarian economy of Brazil and Russia but allow to compare two countries’ strategies of the international trade and in domestic markets. First, the authors briefly discuss the historical routes Russia and Brazil have taken in the agricultural development and global food markets; then they analyze the radical changes that followed the Russian perestroika and the Brazilian re-democratization in the late 1980s and led to the consolidation of neoliberal policies in the 1990s. After that the paper describes the turn of both countries to the ‘neo-developmental state’ that supported the export-oriented policies for the agribusiness but combined them with domestic food security and sovereignty policies. Finally, the authors conclude that despite differing trajectories both Russia and Brazil cannot be considered parts of the neoliberal food regime due to the fact that the contemporary period should be rather defined as a paradigmatic crisis and a co-existence of two or more food regimes.
Paradoxes of the higher education modernization: Results of the 20-year monitoring in the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors: Vishnevsky Yu R , Narkhov D Yu
Published: May 2019

The article considers modernization of the Russian higher education based on the data of the regional monitoring (1995-2016). The methodology of the research consists of the multidimensional approach (combination of systemic, institutional, resource and other approaches) and interpretations of modernization of the higher education as an integral part of modernization of the social-economic system of Russia. Modernization of the higher education is defined as a continuous process of transformational changes focused on improving the quality and competitiveness of all subsystems of the higher education. The article aims at explaining how modernization affects the resource potential of students, at showing to what extent students see its results and can use the opportunities provided by it. The authors focus on the question whether modernization is implemented for students, with or without students: how the quality of education changes due to modernization, how it affects the students’ satisfaction with the quality of education and professional training. The article reveals the paradoxes of modernization in terms of achieving its main goal - training of highly qualified professionals satisfying the needs of the economy in personnel; and points to the strengthening of material, technical and financial educational inequality of Russian regions and sectors of economy. The quality of the higher education is considered a way of social self-regulation. Its indicators include students’ satisfaction with different aspects of education important for the development of professional knowledge. The article presents the students’ estimates of the accessibility of the higher education in the Sverdlovsk Region by such basic indicators of modernization as academic mobility, informatization, relationship of education, science and production. Based on the results of the monitoring the authors prove the low impact of modernization changes on the students’ satisfaction with the quality of education and professional training.
Cultural linguistics in the aspect of teaching the Russian language as a means of intercultural communication
Authors: Mamontov Aleksander S
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the modern direction in linguistics - cultural linguistics in the aspect of teaching Russian as a means of intercultural communication. Basing on scientific papers, his own extensive scientific and pedagogical experience and needs of linguodidactics, the author proposes to determine this discipline in a wide sense considering teaching the representatives of different linguistic cultures, different traditions, customs, systems of values. The essence of culture is understood as a specific way of human life and activity, having verbal representation. Cultural linguistics is focused on the specifics of the addressee’s native culture and building the most adequate model of teaching Russian as a means of intercultural communication in modern educational space. The review article allows to consider cultural linguistics in an applied aspect relevant to the methods of teaching language, including Russian as a foreign language.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Diagnosis: Should There Be Alertness to Cancer?
Authors: Sheptulin A. A. , Jahaya N. L. , Sedova A. V.
Published: May 2019

Aim. To justify the need to include colorectal cancer (CRC) in the circle of differential diagnostic search for suspected irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Background. In accordance with the latest Rome IV criteria for IBS, its diagnosis is mainly based on the assessment of clinical symptoms and objective examination data with a very limited list of additional studies. In this case, colonoscopy for suspected IBS is performed only in patients aged over 50 years old, provided a hereditary predisposition to CRC and the “alarm symptoms” are detected. It has been recently shown that CRC can proceed under the “mask” of IBS. However, colorectal and rectal tumours are often found in patients younger than 50 years old in the absence of hereditary predisposition to CRC and “anxiety symptoms”. This makes it necessary to conduct colonoscopy for all patients with suspected IBS.

Conclusion. The list of diseases requiring differential diagnostics in patients with suspected IBS should always include CRC.
Comparative analysis of gamma dose rates measured by ion chamber in and around the historical sacral objects in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Avdic Senada , Beganovic Adnan , Lagumdzija Armin , Sadikovic Samra , Pehlivanovic Beco , Demirovic Damir , Kadic Irma
Published: May 2019

The main objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the indoor and outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates measured by the ion chamber inside and around the historical sacral objects at a few locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The investigated objects made of the traditional building materials were built in the Late Medieval, Post Medieval, and Ottoman Period of Bosnia and Herzegovina history. The LUDLUM Model 9DP instrument based on a pressurized ion chamber was selected for natural low level radiation measurements since the ionisation chambers have higher sensitivities than the other types of detectors. The detection capability of the LUDLUM Model 9DP pressurized ion chamber was examined in the laboratory conditions with a source of low activity and under natural environmental radiation conditions by measuring the indoor and outdoor dose rates. A weak positive correlation was found between the ambient dose equivalent rates inside the historical sacral objects and the dose rates outside the objects. The average evaluated value of the indoor to outdoor dose rate ratio of 1.07 for the studied historic objects is less than that obtained for the contemporary building materials such as concrete. No study on the indoor to outdoor dose rate ratio in Bosnia and Herzegovina measured by the LUDLUM 9DP dose rate meter based on an ion chamber has been conducted yet. In addition to direct measurements, the first gamma spectrometric analysis of a few samples of building materials from the Late Medieval period in Bosna and Herzegovina was performed. The results of the gamma analysis revealed almost uniform distribution of primordial radionuclides in the investigated samples. It was demonstrated that such materials had the reduced content of radioactive isotopes compared to the contemporary building materials and therefore they could have potential advantages in specific applications related to the environmentally sustainable architecture.