bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anchoring 1T/2H MoS2 nanosheets on carbon nanofibers containing Si nanoparticles as a flexible anode for lithium–ion batteries
Authors: Du Xianping , Huang Ying , Feng Zhenhe , Wang Jiaming , Duan Zhiliang , Sun Xu
Published: October 2022

A flexible Si@CNFs@1T/2H MoS2 film exhibits excellent rate capability and cycling performance with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 94.5%, which indicates it can be used as a self-supporting electrode for lithium–ion batteries.
Formamidation of a wide range of substituted and functionalized amines with CO and a base
Authors: Zhang Chunyan , Zhang Yushuang , Liang Qianqian , Zhang Guohui , Yang Wei , Li Nanwen , Qin Guiping , Zhang Guoying
Published: October 2022

We have developed a base mediated formamidation of amines with CO under mild conditions, which allows for the synthesis of a wide range of aromatic and aliphatic formamides in high yields and gram amounts in the absence of a transition metal.
Copper-catalyzed transfer methylenation via C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond cleavage of alcohols
Authors: Hong Chuan-Ming , Zhuang Xin , Luo Zhen , Xiong Si-Qi , Liu Zheng-Qiang , Li Qing-Lin , Zou Fei-Fei , Li Qing-Hua , Liu Tang-Lin
Published: October 2022

Transfer Methylenation: A copper-catalyzed transfer methylenation via the cleavage of unstrained C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds is developted. This is a de novo report for transfer hydrocarbylation between alcohols and carbonyl compounds.
Losartan as an ACE inhibitor: a description of the mechanism of action through quantum biochemistry
Authors: Bezerra Eveline M. , de Alvarenga Érika C. , dos Santos Ricardo P. , de Sousa Jeanlex S. , Fulco Umberto L. , Freire Valder N. , Albuquerque Eudenilson L. , da Costa Roner F.
Published: October 2022

Projection of the interaction energy with ligands lisinopril (LPR) and losartan (LST) for each amino acid of the somatic angiotensin converting enzyme (sACE) mapped onto the molecular surface, according to the scale bar.
Factors affecting sericin hydrolysis and application of sericin hydrolysate in sericin films
Authors: Meerasri Jitrawadee , Chollakup Rungsima , Sothornvit Rungsinee
Published: October 2022

Sericin hydrolysis methods and the application of sericin hydrolysate in sericin film.
Morphology-controlled synthesis of MoS2using citric acid as a complexing agent and self-assembly inducer for high electrochemical performance
Authors: Bai Mingmin , Li Weixin , Yang Hu , Dong Weixia , Wang Qinyu , Chang Qibing
Published: October 2022

Two-dimensional MoS2with a controllable morphology was preparedviaa simple one-step hydrothermal method.
Activating charge-transfer state formation in strongly-coupled dimers using DNA scaffolds
Authors: Hart Stephanie M. , Banal James L. , Castellanos Maria A. , Markova Larysa , Vyborna Yuliia , Gorman Jeffrey , Häner Robert , Willard Adam P. , Bathe Mark , Schlau-Cohen Gabriela S.
Published: October 2022

DNA scaffolds enable the activation and suppression of photochemistry between strongly-coupled synthetic chromophores.
Recycling alloy scrap and CO2 by paired molten salt electrolysis
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhao Yan , Sun Yuan , Wang Long , Xie Hongwei , Qu Jiakang , Gao Shuaibo , Wang Dihua , Yin Huayi
Published: October 2022

Reclaiming valuable materials from retired alloys and CO2 in an eco-friendly and efficient manner is critically important to meet the urgent need for strategical metals and curb climate change.
Charge transfer regulated by domain differences between host and guest donors in ternary organic solar cells
Authors: Li Ming-Yang , Ren Yue , Huang Jiu-Chang , Sui Ming-Yue , Sun Guang-Yan , Su Zhong-Min
Published: October 2022

The domain difference determines the effect degree of the ratio of the third component and the ratio can react in turn to regulate the internal charge transfer mode under a certain domain difference in ternary organic solar cells.
A high-rate capability and energy density sodium ion full cell enabled by F-doped Na2Ti3O7 hollow spheres
Authors: Pan Du , Chen Weixin , Sun Shuwei , Lu Xia , Wu Xiaolei , Yu Caiyan , Hu Yong-Sheng , Bai Ying
Published: October 2022

We rationally designed and fabricated F-doped NTO with the morphology of hollow spheres (F-NTO HSs) compacted by interwoven nanoflakes.
Recent advances of NIR-TADF (λmaxPL/EL > 700 nm) emitters and their applications in OLEDs
Authors: Sharma Simran , Pal Amlan K.
Published: October 2022

This review presents a new vista on the recent advances in molecular design, photophysical and electroluminescence performances of NIR emitters and their OLEDs.
The functional importance of VCP to maintaining cellular protein homeostasis
Authors: Ahlstedt Brittany A. , Ganji Rakesh , Raman Malavika
Published: October 2022

The AAA-ATPase (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) valosin-containing protein (VCP), is essential for many cellular pathways including but not limited to endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), DNA damage responses, and cell cycle regulation. VCP primarily identifies ubiquitylated proteins in these pathways and mediates their unfolding and degradation by the 26S proteasome. This review summarizes recent research on VCP that has uncovered surprising new ways that this ATPase is regulated, new aspects of recognition of substrates and novel pathways and substrates that utilize its activity.
Regulation of ATR–CHK1 signaling by ubiquitination of CLASPIN
Authors: Zhu Xuefei , Zheng Xiang-Yang , Gong Peng , Xu Xingzhi
Published: October 2022

DNA replication forks are frequently forced into stalling by persistent DNA aberrations generated from endogenous or exogenous insults. Stalled replication forks are catastrophic for genome integrity and cell survival if not immediately stabilized. The ataxia–telangiectasia and RAD3-related kinase (ATR)–CLASPIN-checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) signaling cascade is a pivotal mechanism that initiates cell-cycle checkpoints and stabilizes stalled replication forks, assuring the faithful duplication of genomic information before entry into mitosis. The timely recovery of checkpoints after stressors are resolved is also crucial for normal cell proliferation. The precise activation and inactivation of ATR–CHK1 signaling are usually efficiently regulated by turnover and the cellular re-localization of the adaptor protein CLASPIN. The ubiquitination–proteasome-mediated degradation of CLASPIN, driven by APC/CCDH1 and SCFβTrCP, results in a cell-cycle-dependent fluctuation pattern of CLASPIN levels, with peak levels seen in S/G2 phase when it functions in the DNA replisome or as an adaptor protein in ATR–CHK1 signaling under replication stress. Deubiquitination mediated by a series of ubiquitin-specific protease family proteins releases CLASPIN from proteasome-dependent destruction and activates the ATR–CHK1 checkpoint to overcome replication stress. Moreover, the non-proteolytic ubiquitination of CLASPIN also affects CHK1 activation by regulating CLASPIN localization. In this review, we discuss the functions of CLASPIN ubiquitination with specific linkage types in the regulation of the ATR–CHK1 signaling pathway. Research in this area is progressing at pace and provides promising chemotherapeutic targets.
Mechanisms of germ cell survival and plasticity in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Cao Wei , Pocock Roger
Published: October 2022

Animals constantly encounter environmental and physiological stressors that threaten survival and fertility. Somatic stress responses and germ cell arrest/repair mechanisms are employed to withstand such challenges. The Caenorhabditis elegans germline combats stress by initiating mitotic germ cell quiescence to preserve genome integrity, and by removing meiotic germ cells to prevent inheritance of damaged DNA or to tolerate lack of germline nutrient supply. Here, we review examples of germline recovery from distinct stressors — acute starvation and defective splicing — where quiescent mitotic germ cells resume proliferation to repopulate a germ line following apoptotic removal of meiotic germ cells. These protective mechanisms reveal the plastic nature of germline stem cells.
Le verre : un matériau d’hier, d’aujourd’hui et de demain
Authors: Neuville Daniel R. , Cormier Laurent
Published: October 2022

Les verres jouent un rôle fondamental dans notre quotidien tant au niveau économique, culturel, sociétal, énergétique que géologique. Les verres géologiques témoignent de l’activité ignée de la Terre et représentent une source importante d’outils et d’objets ornementaux du Paléolithique à nos jours. Désormais, les verres sont utilisés également pour fabriquer des matériaux techniques, tels que des récipients (plats, verres à boire, bocaux, carafes…), des écrans (télévision, ordinateur, smartphone…), des fibres aux multiples applications (renforcement, transport d’information, énergie, santé…), pour assurer le stockage de déchets domestiques ou nucléaires et, plus récemment, des biomatériaux (implants dentaires ou osseux…). Par conséquent, les verres à base de silice sont au cœur de l’histoire de la Terre et de l’humanité. La variation de composition des verres naturels et industriels est vaste mais sa structure repose généralement sur une ossature tétraédrique d’unités SiO4, l’épine dorsale de plus de 90% des verres qui nous entourent dans notre quotidien. Autour de cette ossature de silice, les autres éléments chimiques se répartissent en éléments modificateurs de réseau, compensateur de charge, colorants, volatiles, et l’ensemble constitue un matériau ou une substance chaque fois unique. Cet article propose de passer en revue les liens entre la structure, les propriétés et la composition chimique des verres, essentiellement à base de silicate.
Les relations numériques à la nature : une sociabilité à repenser
Authors: Charvolin Florian , Kohlmann Émilie
Published: October 2022

Une journée d’études a eu lieu à Grenoble en septembre 2021, organisée dans le cadre du projet de recherche ANR-15-IDEX-02 MIMESIS (Muséum interface de médiation pour l’environnement et les sciences en Isère) et par le laboratoire GRESEC (Groupe de recherches sur les enjeux de la communication). Elle avait pour objet, selon son titre même, de « Penser le(s) lien(s) » à travers une succession de « regards croisés sur les dispositifs numériques de médiation à la nature ». À partir d’éclairages interdisciplinaires nourris, en sociologie, géographie, information et communication ou ingénierie, des chercheurs et des praticiens ont confronté leurs méthodes et les initiatives dans lesquelles ils se sont impliqués. Les échanges partageaient une orientation empirique et des dispositifs aussi variés que les jeux vidéo, la communication numérique dans la viticulture ou l’application Pl@ntNet. Il ressort des débats un intérêt à envisager la reconfiguration des liens entre nature et société, du point de vue du renouvellement des formes de sociabilité issues de la médiation numérique à la nature.
Maintenance groups evaluation under uncertainties: a novel stochastic free disposal hull in the presence of lognormally distributed data
Authors: Dibachi Hossein , Izadikhah Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Maintenance groups play an essential role in the successful operation of large companies and factories. Additionally, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is known as a valuable tool for monitoring the performance of maintenance groups. Especially, in contrast to the conventional DEA models that impose the convexity assumption into the technology, the free disposal hull (FDH) model provides a method for assessing the efficiency without the assumption of convexity and can be considered a valuable tool for determining one of the observed groups as the benchmark for each maintenance group. Meanwhile, because of the stochastic structure of data with lognormal distribution in the maintenance groups, this paper extends the FDH model in stochastic data with the lognormal distribution. Moreover, the method’s capabilities are confirmed based on some theorems, and a simulation study that illustrated the properties of the developed procedure is also performed. The developed methodology is applied to assess the performance of 21 maintenance groups of AZCO under uncertainty conditions.
Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter , Gröber Uwe
Published: October 2022

Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen sind nach wie vor die führende Todesursache in
den Industrieländern. In Deutschland sind die Arteriosklerose und die
assoziierten kardiovaskulären Folgeschäden sogar für
über 40% aller Todesfälle verantwortlich. Auch wenn die
moderne Medizintechnik gerade in diesem Fachgebiet Hervorragendes leistet, sind die
Herzerkrankungen damit weiterhin weltweit die Todesursache Nr.1. Grund genug, dem
Thema Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen erneut eine ganze Ausgabe der OM zu widmen und
nach zusätzlichen therapeutischen Möglichkeiten Ausschau zu halten
sowie praktikable Maßnahmen zur Prävention vorzustellen.
Operativer und kathetergestützter Aortenklappenersatz – zwischen Evidenz und Empfehlung
Authors: Hagl Christian , Rudolph Tanja
Published: October 2022

Patienten mit hochgradig symptomatischer Aortenklappenstenose haben unbehandelt eine reduzierte Lebenserwartung. Die operative und interventionelle Behandlung der Aortenklappe stehen als
Behandlungsoptionen zur Verfügung. Entsprechend aktueller Leitlinien der EACTS/ESC und der DGTHG/DGK ist bei jüngeren Patienten mit niedrigem operativem Risiko weiterhin der operative
Aortenklappenersatz (AKE) das Behandlungsverfahren der Wahl. Bei älteren Patienten bzw. Patienten mit erhöhtem operativem Risiko ist die interventionelle Aortenklappenimplantation (TAVI) die
präferierte Methode. Im klinischen Alltag ist neben diesen Empfehlungen aber viel entscheidender, dass nach entsprechender Vordiagnostik unter Berücksichtigung der anatomischen
Gegebenheiten, Komorbiditäten und individuellen Aspekten gemeinsam im Herzteam (repräsentiert durch eine/einen Herzchirurgen/in und interventionellen Kardiologen/in) mit dem Patienten eine
optimale individuelle Entscheidung zur Behandlung getroffen wird.
Leben erhalten und Entwicklung erfahren
Authors: Vogel Dagmar
Published: October 2022

Beim Übergang vom intrauterinen zum extrauterinen Leben braucht ein gewisser Prozentsatz aller neugeborenen Kinder besondere, professionelle Unterstützung. Infolge von Frühgeburtlichkeit, Adaptionsschwierigkeiten oder Vorerkrankungen benötigen diese Kinder eine neonatale Erstversorgung. Die nachfolgenden Ausführungen beschränken sich auf das Szenario der Erstversorgung von Frühgeborenen.
Primary Nurse Konzepte in der stationären Psychotherapie von Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Schöfer Laura , Fetahu Shkurta , Schweda Michaela , Nazli Nevzat , Lempp Thomas
Published: October 2022

Beim Konzept des Primary Nursing erhalten erkrankte Kinder und Jugendliche Alltagsunterstützung, die auf ihre Bedürfnisse angepasst und dauerhaft optimiert wird. Das stationäre Umfeld mit einem festen Behandlerteam bietet gute Voraussetzungen für das Erreichen individueller Therapieziele und eine positive persönliche Entwicklung.
Arteriosklerose, Cholesterinspiegel und sekundäre
Pflanzenstoffe
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter
Published: October 2022

Seit langem wird ein erhöhter Cholesterinspiegel im Blut als Ursache
für die Entstehung der Arteriosklerose postuliert und dementsprechend
auch seine medikamentöse Senkung. Allerdings zeigt sich keine direkte
Korrelation zwischen Cholesterinspiegel und kardiovaskulären Todesraten
sowie dem Einsatz von Statinen. Verschiedene Prozesse bei der
Arterioskleroseentstehung lassen sich jedoch durch Nahrungsmittel bzw.
Mikronährstoffe beeinflussen. Protektive Wirkungen zeigen insb.
sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe.
Selen in der Kardiologie
Authors: Schomburg Lutz
Published: October 2022

Eine unzureichende Versorgung mit Selen und damit ausbleibende Sättigung
der Selenoproteine erhöht deutlich das Risiko für
Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen und kardiovaskulären Tod. Vegetarische oder
vegane Ernährung kann mit geringer Selenzufuhr verbunden sein,
während Schwangerschaft, Stillen, Entzündungsreaktionen und
schwere Erkrankungen den Selenbedarf steigern. Autoantikörper gegen den
Selentransporter SELENOP können zu einem funktionalen Selenmangel
führen. Uwe Gröber sprach mit Professor Schomburg über
die kardioprotektive Wirkung von Selenoproteinen sowie
zeitgemäße Labordiagnostik und Supplementierung des
Spurenelements.
Impfstoffe/Immunisierung
Authors: Gröber Uwe
Published: October 2022

Die Entwicklung eines neuen Impfstoffs gegen Infektionskrankheiten ist ein
aufwendiger Prozess mit zahlreichen Rationalen. Nicht nur ein Impfstoff, auch
eine optimale Versorgung mit immunrelevanten (Mikro-)Nährstoffen, wie
Vitamin D, Vitamin A und Zink, kann dazu beitragen, die Qualität und
Quantität der Immunantwort auf eine Impfung zu verbessern, wie Studien
zeigen. Eine Vitamin-D-Supplementierung erwies sich auch im Hinblick auf
COVID-19 als positiv.
Feasibility of progressive polyp contraction with underwater endoscopic mucosal resection in ≥ 20 mm superficial colorectal lesions
Authors: Okada Masahiro , Shinozaki Satoshi , Nomura Tatsuma , Hayashi Yoshikazu , Morikawa Takaaki , Kitamura Masafumi , Fukuda Hisashi , Arita Munefumi , Takezawa Takahito , Sunada Keijiro , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yamamoto Hironori
Published: October 2022

Background and study aims Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) does not always result in en bloc resection of large colorectal lesions. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of en bloc resection with progressive polyp contraction with underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (PP-CUE) of large, superficial colorectal lesions. The advantage of PP-CUE is to enable resection of a superficial non-polypoid lesion that is larger than the snare diameter.

Patients and methods Eleven consecutive lesions in ten patients who underwent UEMR with PP-CUE of large superficial colorectal lesions (20 mm or greater) were included.

Results The median lesion diameter was 24 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 20–24 mm). All lesions were larger than the 15-mm rotatable snare that was used. Median procedure time and PP-CUE time were 11 minutes (IQR, 8.5–12.3) and 2.3 minutes (IQR, 1.9–3.4), respectively. Pathological diagnoses of resected specimens included six adenomas, three sessile serrated lesions, and two slightly invasive submucosal carcinomas. En bloc and R0 resection rates were both 91 % (10/11). No adverse events occurred.

Conclusions PP-CUE is useful to resect superficial non-polypoid colorectal lesions 20 to 25 mm in diameter in an en bloc fashion.
Accuracy of Physician Electronic Health Record Usage Analytics using Clinical Test Cases
Authors: Lo Brian , Sequeira Lydia , Strudwick Gillian , Jankowicz Damian , Almilaji Khaled , Karunaithas Anjchuca , Hang Dennis , Tajirian Tania
Published: October 2022

Usage log data are an important data source for characterizing the potential burden related to use of the electronic health record (EHR) system. However, the utility of this data source has been hindered by concerns related to the real-world validity and accuracy of the data. While time–motion studies have historically been used to address this concern, the restrictions caused by the pandemic have made it difficult to carry out these studies in-person. In this regard, we introduce a practical approach for conducting validation studies for usage log data in a controlled environment. By developing test runs based on clinical workflows and conducting them within a test EHR environment, it allows for both comparison of the recorded timings and retrospective investigation of any discrepancies. In this case report, we describe the utility of this approach for validating our physician EHR usage logs at a large academic teaching mental health hospital in Canada. A total of 10 test runs were conducted across 3 days to validate 8 EHR usage log metrics, finding differences between recorded measurements and the usage analytics platform ranging from 9 to 60%.
Investigation of the thermal conductivity enhancement mechanism of polymer composites with carbon-based fillers by scanning thermal microscopy
Authors: Sun Wenxiang , Hamaoui Georges , Micusik Matej , Evgin Tuba , Vykydalova Anna , Omastova Maria , Gomés Séverine
Published: October 2022

In order to elucidate the mechanism of enhancement of heat transfer in polymer composites, in this work, we investigated two types of polymer-carbon filler composites. This investigation was made using scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) with the Wollaston microprobe operated in active mode as a function of the carbon filler weight fraction within the polymer matrix. Samples consist of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) filled with 50 µm expanded graphite (EG) and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) containing multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). For HDPE/EG samples, SThM images allow the detection of zones with a thermal conductance larger than that of the matrix for the highest studied filler concentration. These zones correspond to EG filler agglomerations within the polymer and explain the observed enhancement of the thermal conductivity k of the HDPE/EG composite. For PVDF/MWCNTs samples, it is found that k increases from 0.25 W m−1 K−1 for pristine PVDF to 0.37 W m−1 K−1 for PVDF nanocomposites filled with 8 wt. % MWCNTs. This k variation vs filler concentration is found in good correspondence with that of the β phase relative percentage in the PVDF nanocomposites. This suggests that the observed heat transfer enhancement is rather due to the formation of β phase for PVDF/MWCNTs samples, resulting from the addition of MWCNTs than the addition of MWCNTs itself. Thus, tuning the thermophysical properties of polymer-based nanocomposites can establish new design laws to confer them specific thermal properties.
Plateau–Rayleigh instability with a grain boundary twist
Authors: Hussein Omar , Keith Coffman D. , Hattar Khalid , Lang Eric , Dillon Shen J. , Abdeljawad Fadi
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate using theoretical, computational, and experimental studies a morphological instability, in which a polycrystalline nanorod breaks up at grain boundaries (GBs) into an array of isolated domains. Our theoretical model is used to establish a neutral stability surface demarcating stable and unstable perturbations. It is shown that GBs play a destabilizing role in which the critical wavelength for the instability decreases with the increase in the GB energy. We carry out phase field simulations, which reveal accelerated pinch-off kinetics with the increase in the GB energy and predict temporal evolution of interfacial profiles in quantitative agreement with experimental observations.
Interlayer coupling-induced controllable negative differential thermal resistance in graphene/h-BN van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Chen Xue-Kun , Tan Jia-Ling , Pang Min , Xie Zhong-Xiang , Zhou Wu-Xing , Liu Jun
Published: October 2022

The van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures employing graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have emerged as a typical system for building emergent two-dimensional devices, such as atomically thin transistors or capacitors. Herein, we study the nonlinear thermal transport in such vdW heterostructure by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that an obvious negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR) phenomenon can be observed under small temperature bias when the interlayer coupling becomes stronger. The vibrational spectra analysis manifests that the phonon filtering mechanism induced by interlayer coupling greatly hinders the interfacial thermal transport. To obtain the optimum conditions, the dependence of NDTR on the system length, lateral width, external temperature, and defect density is taken into account. Our findings extend the phonon filtering mechanism to thermal information processing.
Selective dopant induced spin flipping and complex ferro–antiferromagnetic interaction in Nd based cuprate francisite
Authors: Kanthal Sourav , Manna Pradip , Das Ashok , Aquilanti Giuliana , Banerjee Aritra , Bandyopadhyay Sudipta
Published: October 2022

A study of Nd based cuprate francisite (NdCufr) is fascinating due to the presence of competing magnetic interactions in this geometrically frustrated layered compound, and Ni doping helps in tailoring these interactions. Here, Ni doped NdCufr is synthesized to compare its magnetic properties with pristine and Co doped NdCufr. Structural (x-ray diffraction, XRD), electronic (x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy, XANES, and extended x-ray absorption fine structure, EXAFS), and magnetic (temperature dependent magnetization, M–T; field dependent magnetization, M–B) properties are investigated. The XRD, XANES, and EXAFS measurement data show a perfect crystal structure and confirm the merit of doping. A comprehensive comparison for examining the role of Co and Ni in modulation with ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic interaction strength is presented. A crucial interplay of intra- and interlayer couplings, along with f–d interaction, effectively describes the tuning of Neel temperature (TN) and M–B. Detailed processes of field induced metamagnetic transition around the spin-flip ordering field (BSF), which is equal to that of the critical field (BC) and doping induced ferromagnetism, are addressed considering the relative spin orientations of magnetic elements and energy level splitting schemes, respectively. It is found that the studied compound is magnetically superior to the compared compounds.
Composition-dependent phase transformation path involving 4O martensite in Ni–Mn–Sn magnetic shape memory alloys
Authors: Li Yansong , Bai Jing , Sun Shaodong , Jin Miao , Zhang Yu , Liang Xinzeng , Gu Jianglong , Zhang Yudong , Esling Claude , Zhao Xiang , Zuo Liang
Published: October 2022

The experimental discovery of four-layer orthorhombic (4O) martensite has added new research motivation to the Ni–Mn–Sn magnetic shape memory alloy. Herein, the martensitic transformation, magnetic properties, and electronic structures of Ni2Mn1+xSn1−x alloys are investigated using the first-principles calculations. The results show that the increasing Mn content destabilizes the stability of austenite (A) compared to the non-modulated (NM) martensite. This composition adjustment promotes the occurrence of martensitic transformation in the range of 0.375 ≤ x ≤ 0.75, and the corresponding phase transition sequence is A → 4O → NM during cooling. An intense hybridization bond exists between excess Mn and its surrounding atoms. The increasing antiferromagnetic interaction between excess Mn and normal Mn weakens each atomic moment and, thus, the total magnetic moment. Furthermore, the physical essence of the phase stability and magnetic properties variation with composition was explained based on the electronic density of states.
Photoexcited carrier dynamics in semi-insulating 4H-SiC by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Gao Meng-meng , Fan Liu-yan , Gong Xiao-ye , You Jing-lin , Chen Zhi-zhan
Published: October 2022

The photoexcited carrier dynamics of high-purity (HPSI) and vanadium-doped semi-insulating (VDSI) 4H-SiC irradiated by lasers with different wavelengths and powers were investigated. Raman spectra were measured at room temperature and the photoexcited carrier concentrations were extracted from the Raman line shape analysis of longitudinal optical phonon–plasmon coupled mode. It was found that the longitudinal optical (LO) peaks of HPSI and VDSI did not shift with laser power variations, due to a low concentration of photoexcited carriers, when a 532- nm laser was used. However, when a 355- nm laser was adapted, the relationship between the photoexcited carrier concentrations and the laser power was found to be nonlinear because of the dominance of trap-assisted Auger (TAA) recombination. The coefficient of TAA recombination was laser power–dependent. The proposed carrier dynamic model deepens the understanding of the physical mechanism of semi-insulating SiC irradiated by nanosecond laser and provides an insight into the interpretation of experimental phenomena related to laser energy in optoelectronic devices.
Inertial focusing of a dilute suspension in pipe flow
Authors: Aouane Othmane , Sega Marcello , Bäuerlein Bastian , Avila Kerstin , Harting Jens
Published: October 2022

The dynamics of rigid particle suspensions in a wall-bounded laminar flow present several nontrivial and intriguing features, including particle ordering, lateral transport, and the appearance of stable, preferential locations like the Segré–Silberberg annulus. The formation of more than one annulus is a particularly puzzling phenomenon that is still not fully explained. Here, we present numerical simulation results of a dilute suspension of particles in (periodic) pipe flow based on the lattice Boltzmann and the discrete element methods. Our simulations provide access to the full radial position history of the particles while traveling downstream. This allows to accurately quantify the transient and steady states. We observe the formation of the secondary, inner annulus and show that its position invariably shifts toward the Segré–Silberberg one if the channel is sufficiently long, proving that it is, in fact, a transient feature for Reynolds numbers (Re) up to 600. We quantify the variation of the channel focusing length (Ls/2R) with Re. Interestingly and unlike the theoretical prediction for a point-like particle, we observe that Ls/2R increases with Re for both the single particle and the suspension.
Percolation in binary mixtures of linkers and particles: Chaining vs branching
Authors: Gouveia M. , Dias C. S. , Tavares J. M.
Published: October 2022

Equilibrium gels of colloidal particles can be realized through the introduction of a second species, a linker that mediates the bonds between colloids. A gel forming binary mixture whose linkers can self-assemble into linear chains while still promoting the aggregation of particles is considered in this work. The particles are patchy particles with fC patches of type C and the linkers are patchy particles with 2 patches of type A and fB patches of type B. The bonds between patches of type A (AA bonds) promote the formation of linear chains of linkers. Two different ways (model A and model B) of bonding the linkers to the particles—or inducing branching—are studied. In model A, there is a competition between chaining and branching, since the bonding between linkers and particles takes place through AC bonds only. In model B, the linkers aggregate to particles through bonds BC only, making chaining and branching independent. The percolation behavior of these two models is studied in detail, employing a generalized Flory–Stockmayer theory and Monte Carlo simulations. The self-assembly of linkers into chains reduces the fraction of particles needed for percolation to occur (models A and B) and induces percolation when the fraction of particles is high (model B). Percolation by heating and percolation loops in temperature–composition diagrams are obtained when the formation of chains is energetically favorable by increasing the entropic gain of branching (model A). Chaining and branching are found to follow a model dependent relation at percolation, which shows that, for the same composition, longer chains require less branching for percolation to occur.
De dochter doet een powernap
Authors: Suijkerbuijk Michelle , Leufkens Sterre , van der Meulen Marten
Published: October 2022

While kinship relations in Dutch are usually introduced by a possessive determiner, Twitter users have recently been observed to use a definite article in that position. To learn more about the characteristics of this construction, we performed an
exploratory investigation of the definite article possession construction with Dutch kinship terms on Twitter. We analysed 100
tweets for 24 kinship terms each, and annotated for the type of pre-nominal modifier used. Results show that the phenomenon is far
from peripheral, as 13.2% of all selected tweets featured a definite article. The construction was most frequent with descending
and horizontal relationship terms, and with improper kin terms (i.e. terms with a non-kin meaning at least as prominent as
kinship use; Dahl & Koptsjevkaja-Tamm 2001: 202). These findings were explained by
pointing to redundancy and the comical effect of distancing the construction creates.
Homoepitaxial GaN terahertz planar Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Liang Shixiong , Gu Guodong , Guo Hongyu , Zhang Lisen , Song Xubo , Lv Yuanjie , Bu Aimin , Feng Zhihong
Published: October 2022

In this work, a new type of terahertz Schottky barrier diode (SBD) based on homoepitaxial gallium nitride (GaN) was fabricated for high-power and high-frequency multiplier applications. The measured full width at half maximum of x-ray diffraction peaks for homoepitaxial GaN (002) and (102) plane is only one third of the heteroepitaxial GaN on sapphire substrate. Additionally, the increased electron mobility in both n−/n+ GaN epitaxial layers, induced by improved material quality, can effectively reduce the epitaxial resistance (R
epi) and the spreading resistance. As a result, the total series resistance of the fabricated GaN SBD is 13.7 Ω, which is only 65% of that of heteroepitaxial GaN on a sapphire substrate. Additionally, the cut-off frequency (f
c) is improved to 1.61 THz at zero bias voltage and the measured breakdown voltage is 16.17 V at −1 μA.
Temperature compensation methods of spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometer
Authors: Wu Jiaqi , Liu Feng , Fan Wenfeng , Du Pengcheng , Quan Wei
Published: October 2022

According to the temperature characteristics of spin-free exchange relaxation (SERF) co-magnetometer, three temperature compensation methods are proposed in this paper, including particle swarm optimization radial basis function (PSO-RBF) neural network, Gaussian regression and least squares support vector basis. The effectiveness of the three compensation methods is verified by experiments and compared with the back-propagation (BP) neural network optimized by a genetic algorithm compensation method. In order to improve the effect of temperature compensation, this paper also conducts correlation and cluster analysis on the different positions temperature and output signals of the SERF co-magnetometer, and selects the data of temperature points that are closely related to signal bias changes for model training. Through experimental comparison with traditional linear compensation and BP neural network compensation methods, it is found that PSO-RBF neural network has advantages in training speed, compensation accuracy and robustness. Experiments show that PSO-RBF neural network temperature compensation algorithm improves the stability of the SERF co-magnetometer by more than 53

%

at room temperature or under artificially imposed temperature changes.
Digital instantaneous frequency measurement with wide bandwidth for real-valued waveforms using multiple sub-Nyquist channels
Authors: Liu Shang , Wang Lulu , Lin Weibin , Cui Yong , Wang Chen , Song Xiao
Published: October 2022

In order to break through the bandwidth limitation of digital instantaneous frequency measurement for a real-valued waveform, we developed a frequency estimator with a high dynamic range and low computation cost using multiple sub-Nyquist analog to digital converter (ADC) channels. The procedures of the proposed scheme are as follows: (a) perform zero-crossing detection on the real-valued signal and use multiple sub-Nyquist ADC channels to sample the output signal; (b) take several samples of each channel to calculate the folded frequency; (c) use the frequency residuals of each channel to reconstruct the frequency based on the Chinese remainder theorem. Finally, the algorithm robust analysis and simulation experiments are performed, demonstrating that the scheme of this paper has relatively good anti-noise ability and dynamic adaptability.
Gas path fault diagnosis for gas turbine engines with fully operating regions using mode identification and model matching
Authors: Huang Dawen , Ma Shixi , Zhou Dengji , Jia Xingyun , Peng Zhike , Ma Yushan
Published: October 2022

Gas path fault diagnosis is key to improving the reliability and safety of gas turbine engines. Flexible operating conditions bring obstacles to performing accurate gas path performance analysis. Most of the existing methods are developed for specific operating conditions, which are difficult to adapt to fully operating regions. The operating mode identification and targeted diagnostic model matching are effective technologies to solve the gas path fault diagnosis under fully operating regions, which improves diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. The fully operating regions are classified into four typical operating modes, and the targeted diagnostic models are matched according to the mode features. For the typical start-stop state and high dynamic state, the small deviation diagnostic model and transient diagnostic model are established and verified by real fault cases. The small deviation diagnostic model based on boundary parameters reduces the influences of operating conditions on diagnostic results, it accurately monitors the health states. The transient diagnostic model driven by the dynamic model and a designed hybrid solution algorithm markedly improves diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. It shows better performance for the mixed gas path fault modes, more stable diagnostic results, and higher diagnostic efficiency. The proposed technical framework provides an effective way for the fault diagnosis of gas turbine engines under fully operating regions.
Power balance analysis at the L-H transition in JET-ILW NBI-heated deuterium plasmas
Authors: Vincenzi P , Solano E R , Delabie E , Bourdelle C , Snoep G , Baciero A , Birkenmeier G , Carvalho P , Cavedon M , Chernyshova M , Citrin J , Fontdecaba J M , Hillesheim J C , Huber A , Maggi C , Menmuir S , Parra F I
Published: October 2022

The understanding of the physics underlying the L-H transition has strong implications for ITER experimental reactor and demonstration power plant (DEMO). In many tokamaks, including JET, it has been observed that, at a particular plasma density, n
e,min, the power necessary to access H-mode PL-H is minimum. In the present work, L-H transitions of JET deuterium plasmas heated by neutral beam injection (NBI) are studied for the first time by means of a power balance analysis to characterize the main contributions in the transition, through integrated transport modelling. In the pulses analysed, we do observe a minimum of the L-H power threshold in density, indicating the presence of density branches and of n
e,min. Electron and ion heat fluxes at the transition are estimated separately. The electron/ion equipartition power results in favour of the ions, as shown by QuaLiKiz quasilinear gyrokinetic simulations, which predict a larger ion transport that causes T
e > T
i. The resulting edge ion heat flux also shows a clear change of slope below n
e,min, similarly to ASDEX-Upgrade (AUG) NBI pulses (Ryter et al 2014 Nucl. Fusion
54 083003). JET NBI data are compared to radio-frequency heated AUG and Alcator C-mod pulses (Schmidtmayr et al 2018 Nucl. Fusion
58 056003), showing a different trend of the power, coupled to ions at the L-H transition with respect to the linearity observed in the radio-frequency heated plasmas. The presence of n
e,min and the role of the ion heat flux is discussed in the paper, although it seems it is not possible to explain the presence of a PL-H minimum in density by a critical ion heat flux and by the equipartition power for the JET NBI-heated plasmas analysed.
Linking emergent phenomena and broken symmetries through one-dimensional objects and their dot/cross products
Authors: Cheong Sang-Wook , Huang Fei-Ting , Kim Minhyong
Published: October 2022

The symmetry of the whole experimental setups, including specific sample environments and measurables, can be compared with that of specimens for observable physical phenomena. We, first, focus on one-dimensional (1D) experimental setups, independent from any spatial rotation around one direction, and show that eight kinds of 1D objects (four; vector-like, the other four; director-like), defined in terms of symmetry, and their dot and cross products are an effective way for the symmetry consideration. The dot products form a Z2 × Z2 × Z2 group with Abelian additive operation, and the cross products form a Z2 × Z2 group with Abelian additive operation or Q8, a non-Abelian group of order eight, depending on their signs. Those 1D objects are associated with characteristic physical phenomena. When a 3D specimen has symmetry operational similarity (SOS) with (identical or lower, but not higher, symmetries than) an 1D object with a particular phenomenon, the 3D specimen can exhibit the phenomenon. This SOS approach can be a transformative and unconventional avenue for symmetry-guided materials designs and discoveries.
System dynamics approach for sustainable housing development
Authors: Kumari Rashmi
Published: October 2022

The provision of quality housing in adequate quantity is a major concern for planners in the developing regions. There is need of rapid housing development to meet the need of growing population while giving attention towards its minimal environmental impact. This paper focuses on the sustainable housing development using system dynamics model in the study area of Patna district, India. The optimum housing development has been suggested on the basis of result of analysis of various scenarios generated by performing simulation using control parameters in the formulated model. The environmental impact, like air pollution; noise; waste generation; water consumption; and energy consumption, due to the suggested housing development scenario has been discussed thoroughly, based upon which recommendations have been given. The findings of this research will be useful in providing solutions for the sustainable housing development to meet the growing demand as well as reduction of its adverse environmental impact in the study area.
Methodology for the Evaluation of Environmental Costs in Thermal Generation in Peru
Authors: Zamata Jessica Meza , Auccahuasi Wilver , Herrera Lucas , Mejia César Santos , Grados Juan , Dianderas Ciro Teran , Nolorbe Juan Mendoza , Zamata Edilberto Calcina , Rubiños Santiago , Rojas Karin , Ovalle Christian , Revilla Jorge Figueroa , Loza Ana Barrera , Ichpas Ruben Quispe
Published: October 2022

Evaluating the costs of electricity generation is important to be able to estimate the variable costs, characterized by the maintenance costs of the generation, transmission and distribution systems. In this work we evaluate the plants that use Camisea natural gas, which is an alternative to the plants that use fossil fuels, not only in terms of costs, but also in terms of the levels of contamination that they cause. The method presented can be taken as a reference for other evaluation mechanisms with similar characteristics.
Tribological performance of Ni-Cr-B-Si coatings deposited via laser cladding process
Authors: Sousa Jurandir Marcos Sá de , de Souza Pinto Pereira Adriano , Silva Rafael Gomes Nunes , Pereira Milton , de Medeiros Castro Richard , Curi Elvys Isaías Mercado , Machado Paulo Cordeiro
Published: October 2022

Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy coatings deposited by the laser cladding process have high tribological resistance, good metallurgical bonding with the substrate, and an interesting set of mechanical properties. Aiming to correlate microstructure and the mechanical behavior of coatings in wear environments, three coatings were deposited over an ASTM A36 carbon steel substrate, them being C1 (1.05 kW–5 mm s−1), C2 (1.40 kW–21.7 mm s−1), and C3 (1.75 kW–30 mm s−1). The microstructure and microhardness of the coatings were analyzed, the former by using SEM and EDS. Ball-on-disk tests were performed to determine wear and friction coefficients. In order to evaluate the worn surfaces, SEM-EDS techniques were also employed. The different solidification rates affected the behavior of microstructure and microhardness. Coating C1, deposited with a lower cooling speed, provided a longer dwell time for the nucleation and growth of Cr-carbides (CrC) in the Ni-matrix, a factor that gave it a lower dilution, higher carbide concentration, and higher microhardness when compared to C2 and C3. In the ball-on-disk test, coatings with higher concentration and CrC size presented a higher variaton of their friction coefficient, but a lower volumetric loss and wear coefficient. Analysis of the worn surfaces showed that the CrC characteristics, deterioration of tribolayers, and coating material detachment close to the solidification cracks were the main features that change the coatings’ tribological performance.
High-conductivity screen-printable silver nanowire Ink for optically transparent flexible radio frequency electronics
Authors: Vaseem Mohammad , Akhter Zubair , Li Weiwei , Yarali Emre , Anthopoulos Thomas D , Shamim Atif
Published: October 2022

Optically transparent conductors have paved the way in various optoelectronic and radio frequency devices where high electrical conductivity and optical transparency with mechanical flexibility, as well as large area fabrication are deemed necessary. Printing techniques are viable for fabricating large-area devices with high mechanical flexibilities. However, the preparation of suitable inks and printing recipes is essential to achieve a high electrical conductivity and transparency. In this study, the best tradeoff between conductivity and optical transmittance was achieved through silver (Ag) nanowires (NWs)-based ink formulation with tuned Ag NW loading, solvent compositions and polymer weight percentages. The ink was deposited through screen-printing, which enabled a large-area and high-resolution patterning of the AgNWs. The washing time of the post-printed films exhibited a decisive effect on the initial conductivity, which was further improved through photonic sintering. During the photonic sintering, the voltages, pulse lengths (μs) and fire rates (Hz) were optimized to obtain the best conductivity of the printed films. Maximum optical transparencies of 78% and 83% were achieved for the conductivities of ∼5.88 × 106 and ∼6.25 × 106 S m−1, respectively. As a proof of concept, a fully printed optically transparent antenna was realized that could operate in a wide frequency band suitable for high-data-rate wireless communication.
Multipurpose nanocomposite resist for free-standing transparent conductive thin films
Authors: Diaz Schneider Juan I , Chehade Pablo , Pérez-Morelo Diego , Granja Leticia P , Martínez Eduardo D
Published: October 2022

Nanocomposites formed by silver nanowires (AgNWs) embedded in a polymer matrix are a convenient way to deposit thin films with electrical conductance and high transparency on different substrates. Nanocomposite resists containing AgNWs in a poly(methyl methacrylate) solution can be effectively used to produce conductive coatings in a straightforward manner. Here, we show that by adding a sacrificial layer of polyvinylpyrrolidone on a glass substrate, prior to the nanocomposite resist, it is possible to obtain large-area free-standing films of about 450 nm with electrical conductance and high transparency. The films can be transferred to different surfaces and materials including non-flat substrates. The formation of conductive stacks by piling two layers was also demonstrated. The optical, electrical, and structural properties of these free-standing films were studied obtaining films with transmittance T(%) = 78% at 550 nm, sheet resistance Rs = (670 ± 40) Ω sq−1 and surface roughness Ra = (50 ± 10) nm. We studied the strain resistance behavior of films transferred to polyethylene terephthalate sheets under bending tests finding a sensitivity of (0.51 ± 0.01) Ω deg−1 and a gradual increase in the resistance during cycling. In addition, thin flexible supports can be added by covering the nanocomposite film with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) prior to its release, enhancing the mechanical robustness and improving the manipulation of the films.