bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of pathological changes in the retina and vitreoretinal interface in the macular zone in patients with diabetic macular edema
Authors: Boiko E. V. , Oskanov D. Kh. , Sosnovskii S. V.
Published: December 2021

Background. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the main causes of decreased central vision. Determining the reasons for the refractoriness of DME to treatment is an urgent problem.Aims. Based on the analysis of optical coherence tomography, to study the features of pathological changes in the retina and vitreoretinal interface (VRI) in the macular zone in patients with DME.Materials and methods. We studied 587 patients (587 eyes) with diffuse DME in the setting of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. In addition to the standard ophthalmological examination, everyone underwent optical coherence tomography of the macular zone with an assessment of structural changes in the retina, morphometric parameters, and the state of the VRI.Results. In 351 patients (59.80 %) with DME, pathological variants of the VRI were revealed, in which the best corrected visual acuity was significantly lower, and the morphometric parameters (retinal thickness and macular volume) were signifi cantly higher. Analysis of morphostructural changes in the macular zone revealed that in pathological VRI, neuroepithelial detachment and high edema are more common, and cystic edema is larger in area compared to the group with a normal VRI. With detachment of neuroepithelium against the background of a pathological VRI, the worst morphometric data are determined, with solid exudates in the macula, the worst indices of visual loss are determined.Conclusions. The pathological VRI in patients with diabetic macular edema occurs in more than half of the cases and is characterized by a high incidence of neuroepithelial detachment, high edema, higher morphometric parameters with worse visual acuity. At the same time, the presence of neuroepithelial detachment corresponds to the worst morphometric indicators of the macular zone, and the presence of solid exudates corresponds to a lower maximum corrected visual acuity. Further research is needed to assess the effect of the listed morphostructural and morphometric changes in combination with various pathological variants of VRI on the effectiveness of DME treatment.
Features of the Neonatal Period in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Children Receiving Combined Сhemoprophylaxis of mother-to-child Transmission of HIV
Authors: Vanyarkina A. S. , Petrova A. G. , Rychkova L. V. , Moskaleva E. V. , Novikova E. A.
Published: December 2021

The aim. To study the features of the course of the neonatal period in children, perinatally exposed to HIV, who receive an enhanced regimen of chemoprophylaxis of HIV mother-to-child transmission.Patients and methods. A retrospective longitudinal cohort study of mother – child pairs for the period from 2017 to 2019 was carried out. The clinical observation group included HIV-positive women with a high risk of vertical transmission of the immunodeficiency virus (n = 213) and their newborn children (n = 214), who were prescribed an enhanced chemoprophylaxis regimen of HIV transmission from mother to child. Results. According to the results of the study of HIV-positive mothers we revealed a high prevalence of secondary diseases and a high per partum viremia – 1700 (222–18342) copies/ml. 35.9 % of children were born prematurely, 27.5 % – had low birth weight by gestational age. In newborns, diseases of the respiratory (24.3 %) and nervous (17.2 %) systems prevailed. 17.2 % of children developed intrauterine infection; HIV RNA was detected in 3.7 %. Congenital malformations were observed in 7.4 % of children. Symptoms of enteropathy were noted in 24.7 % of newborns. A decrease in red blood counts was found in all children by the 28th day of life (pw < 0.001).Conclusion. The study confirms the need for increased attention and improvement of approaches to medical support of children who were perinatally exposed to high risk of vertical HIV infection.
The application of lean technologies to optimize oncological screening in the periodic health examination of adult population groups
Authors: Komanenko A. A. , Avdeeva M. V. , Garifullin T. Yu. , Filatov V. N.
Published: December 2021

Background. Improving organizational technologies for early detection of cancer using targeted programs for large-scale cancer screening is a priority task of primary health care.The aim: to assess the potential of lean technologies to optimize cancer screening during periodic health examination of the adult population.Materials and methods. To develop an optimal organizational and functional model of cancer screening, a working group was created; information about the current state of the process was collected.Results. A comprehensive analysis of the state of the process revealed the following problems: violation of the algorithms of oncological screening at stage 1 of periodic health examination (13.8 %); cases of non-completion of stage 2 of periodic health examination by patients with suspected colon cancer (20.4 %); queues for endoscopic examinations (14 days) and, as a consequence, not a quick visit to the oncologist of the primary oncology department (17–18 days). After optimization of the periodic health examination: there is no queue for endoscopy for patients with suspected oncopathology; accelerated access of patients with suspected oncopathology to the oncologist of the primary oncology department (from 17–18 to 5 days; p < 0.01). Increased awareness of patients about the rules for preparing for endoscopic examination and a reminder of the date and time of the upcoming endoscopy, there was an increase in the number of patients who completed stage 2 of health examination to exclude/confirm oncopathology (from 79.6 to 90 %; p < 0.05). The frequency of violations by doctors of the oncological screening algorithm decreased from 13.8 to 2.3 % (p < 0.01).Conclusion. The use of lean manufacturing marketing strategies in primary health care has helped to identify, eliminate and control the causes of problems during the first and second stages of clinical examination of patients with suspected oncopathology.
Blood circulation changes associated with switching to non-invasive ventilation in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Shilin D. S. , Shapovalov Yu. K. , Shapovalov K. G.
Published: December 2021

Background. Various methods of respiratory support in combination with prone positioning have been used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of combination of these two factors on hemodynamics are of interest for clinical practitioners.The aim: to evaluate the effect of prone positioning on hemodynamics in COVID-19 patients depending on the method of respiratory support.Materials and methods. The study included 17 patients of both sexes diagnosed with COVID-19-associated community-acquired polysegmental viral and bacterial pneumonia with progressive respiratory failure. The study consisted of two stages. During the first stage, the patients were receiving respiratory support with humidified oxygen (3–7 liters per minute). The second stage was initiated after switching to noninvasive ventilation (NIV). The measurements were performed using a technique of volumetric compression oscillometry on a non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring system KAP CGosm-Globus (Russia).Results. The study showed that prone positioning in patients with severe COVID-19 when switching from oxygen therapy to NIV resulted in a change in the diastolic blood pressure difference module from 2.5 (1.0; 8.2) to 8.0 (5.7; 14.0) (p = 0.016). Escalation of respiratory support led to the changes in the left ventricular outflow tract velocity difference module from 11.5 (9.5; 34.2) to 31.0 (15.7; 42.0) (p = 0.049).Conclusions. Patients with community-acquired polysegmental viral and bacterial pneumonia associated with COVID-19 demonstrated changes in diastolic blood pressure and left ventricular outflow tract velocity as a result of prone positioning following switching from oxygen therapy to NIV.
Analyzing Usability of Mobile Banking Applications in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Hafiz Abid Mahmood , Muhammad Abdulhafeez , Sajid Usama
Published: December 2021

Usability is a key factor in the quality of the product, which includes ease of use, user satisfaction and the ability of the user to quickly understand the product without practice. As smartphone usage increases, most organizations have shifted their services to mobile applications, such as m-banking. Most of the people uses banking services but hesitate to use m-banking due to complex interfaces. Usability researchers concentrate on the value of design simplicity so that users can perform a particular task with satisfaction, efficiency, and effectiveness. If a mobile app lacks one of these usability features, users may get confused while using the app. This research examines the key usability issues in existing m-banking after checking the usability satisfaction level through System Usability Scale. To compare and highlight a number of usability issues, the researcher used two types of usability evaluation method 'User Testing' and 'Heuristic Evaluation'. In heuristic evaluation expert users used two M-banking apps i.e. Bank of Punjab (BOP) and MCB Islamic Bank (MIB) to evaluate them against Neilson 10 heuristics and extract the usability issues in apps. The user testing is then performed by novice users which includes tasks (translated from extracted problems by heuristic evaluation). After completion on whole testing users filled the post-test SUS’s questionnaire. The result shows that the overall success rate of the tasks was 83%, SUS score was 77 and overall relative time-based efficiency very 54.2%. The expert evaluators found 83% minor errors and 17% major errors. The finding of this paper shows  usability problems and recommendations are provided to increase the usability of mobile banking applications at the end of this paper.
IMPACT OF PLAYING VIDEO GAMES ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING AND LEARNING STYLES
Authors: Sattar Sumera , Khan Dr Shahzaman , Yousaf Rehan
Published: December 2021

Video games are especially popular with teenagers and young adults as a form of entertainment, and their time spent playing video games has grown exponentially. The main purpose of this study was to assess the effect of video games on cognitive functions and learning style in young people. A cross-sectional research study was used to investigate cognitive function in teen video game players. Cognitive functions, including memory, attention, and executive functions, were applied to 80 adolescents who were divided into two groups: those who regularly played video games (50) and those who did not play (50). Other data, such as demographics, medical information, types of video games, and time spent playing video games, were collected through the questionnaire. No significant difference was identified between the groups in terms of age and sociodemographic variables. Results indicated that visual memory and visual learning type scores were significantly better in the play group. Participants who were playing video games regularly indicated significant differences in visual type of learning (p=0.000). Whereas, no significant differences were found in other learning styles aural (p=1.000) and verbal (p=1.000)
Comorbidities in Patients before Surgical Myocardial Revascularization: Current State of the Problem. Part I
Authors: Gogayeva Olena K. , Drobnich Mariia A. , Lytvyn Natalia O. , Nastenko Oleksandra O. , Salo Roman I.
Published: December 2021

Every year we see an increase in the number of patients with indications for surgical treatment of coronary artery disease. In addition to the difficulties of the cardiac surgery process, no less important is the therapeutic support of patients, which in addition to cardiac subtleties requires guidance in concomitant nosologies. As the age of patients increases, there is a higher comorbidity which is associated with difficult management of patients, extensive prescription of drugs and higher cost of medical care.

The aim. To analyze the current literature data on comorbidity in patients hospitalized for coronary artery bypass grafting.

Results. According to the literature data, there is a high Charlson comorbidity index, in average 5.7 ± 1.7, in the baseline status of patients with coronary artery disease. High comorbidity index is known for its negative effect on the functioning of grafts in the long-term period after surgical myocardial revascularization. Among patients who underwent surgical revascularization of the myocardium, 22.8–46.9% had diabetes mellitus, 37.5% had obesity, 1.1% had rheumatoid arthritis and 10–12% suffered from chronic kidney disease. There is no statistical data on preoperative status of gastrointestinal tract, but the main complications and predictors of death were identified. Due to the increase in the occurrence of autoimmune diseases on the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in the number patients with connective tissue diseases in cardiac surgery is predicted, and perioperative management of such patients has its own characteristics and requires further in-depth study.

Conclusions. Searching for comorbidity in cardiac surgery patients with coronary artery disease is an important component of their preoperative preparation and risk stratification. The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, autoimmune diseases, chronic kidney disease on the occurrence of postoperative complications and the result of surgical myocardial revascularization has been proven. SARS-CoV-2 infection in the surgical treatment of coronary artery disease is another challenge of today that requires further observation and research to help address prognosis, complications, and mortality.
Features of Surgical Treatment of Malignant Tumors of the Heart and Ways to Improve Immediate Results
Authors: Vitovskyi Andrii R. , Isaіenko Volodymyr V. , Ryabytza Valentyna M. , Vitovskyi Rostyslav M.
Published: December 2021

To date, the issues of surgical treatment of malignant cardiac tumors (MCT) remain relevant and are of particular interest to cardiac surgeons. Hospital mortality of this group of patients is extremely high (20–30%). Finding ways to reduce early postoperative mortality remains an extremely important task of oncocardiac surgery.

The aim. To analyze the causes of early postoperative mortality based on the data of many years of experience in the surgical treatment of MCT and to propose methods for the prevention of early postoperative complications with the improvement of the immediate results of operations.

Materials and methods. From 1970 to 01.01.2021, National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery has provided surgical treatment of 67 patients with malignant tumors of the heart which amounted to 7.1% of the total number of observed patients with cardiac tumors (949). Of the 67 patients with MCT, 57 (84.9%) were operated using artificial circulation, three operations (4.6%) were emergency. Hospital mortality was 19.4% (13 patients).

Results. Microscopic examination of the removed tumors revealed the presence of necrosis zones, their mechanical damage leads to significant intoxication of the patient. To prevent tumor intoxication (cause of postoperative mortality) in the operative and postoperative periods, new methods of combating such a factor of hospital mortality were used, which helped to improve the results of treatment of MCT. Hospital mortality reduced from 33.3% (1970–2001) to 5.5% (last 10 years), as a result of use these measures.

Conclusions. Destruction of the tumor during surgery with artificial circulation leads to the entry of a significant number of tumor cells and toxins into the bloodstream, causing tumor intoxication. Improvement of the immediate results of surgical treatment of MCT depends on their timely diagnosis, which allows for adequate surgery with radical removal of the tumor and the use of detoxification measures, significantly reducing surgical mortality.
Chaotic oscillations, bifurcation and synchronization in marine dynamical systems
Authors:   IMGG FEB RAS, Kovalev D.P. , Kovalev P.D.
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses the results of studying the behavior of marine dynamical systems, including those with chaotic oscillations. and the need for such studies was primarily stimulated by practical goals, first of all, to take into account the consequences in the ship mooring systems, that the emergence of complex dynamics can lead to. The theory of nonlinear dynamic systems developed to date shows that a large wave can be formed as a combination of smaller waves. The described studies were carried out using the data from field observations in port bays and the coastal zone of Sakhalin Island and mathematical models of dynamical systems using the Duffing and Van der Pol equations. This provides a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of dynamic systems, taking into account the impact of the incoming sea waves on them and allows to develop the recommendations for the prevention of catastrophic situations. It is shown that during the strong wind waves in the bays, also combined with tidal waves, the wave regime can change to chaotic, in which the formation of waves of large amplitude is possible. Also, when pitching of a moored vessel on the incoming waves, the "impact generator" mode may arise, when the vessel will hit the dampers with great force. The behavior of the coastal dynamic system for an ice-covered sea is considered. It is shown that, under certain conditions, synchronization of the periods of sea ice floes oscillations with the period of incoming waves is possible. Such a process can lead to an increase in the amplitude of ice floe oscillations and, as a consequence, to its destruction, which is dangerous and can be used to signal an alarm. For specialists in the field of ocean dynamics and coastal engineering, undergraduate and graduate students in the field of oceanology and physics of the atmosphere and hydrosphere.
MEANING-MAKING OF INTERNET MEMES TO CREATE HUMOROUS SENSE: FUNCTIONS AS SPEECH ACTS
Authors: Nita Fatma Rahayu , Setiawan Slamet , Lestari Lies Amin
Published: December 2021

This research explored how the memes were created with multimodal elements that could make meaning to create a humorous sense and function as speech acts. With the complexity of meaning-making, nowadays, it had become a trend that people could communicate online through Memes. Semiotics provides how the combination of modes, media, and potential meanings, that were applied to make meaning in memes. At the same time, pragmatics proposes details on how memes can function as speech acts. This research adopted a qualitative method using multimodal analysis by Leeuwen (2005) and speech acts theory by Bach and Harnish (1980) that were employed as the theoretical framework. A total of 16 memes were retrieved and captured as JPG files from social media and other internet websites; therefore, documentation was the only technique used in this research. The results of the study showed that (1) the integration of semiotic resources such as mode, media, and meaning potentials in memes aided the readers to understand the background knowledge of memes (2) two types of communicative illocutionary acts were found in the memes: constative and directive illocutionary acts which function to express the emotion or opinions and question something (3) the effects of using internet memes could be seen through verbal and non-verbal perlocutionary acts which showed an agreement and had the same feeling as in the memes. Finally, the memes containing multimodal components composed of semiotic resources interacted creatively to make humorous sense, and it could aid the readers to communicate online.
XX. Yüzyıl Başlarında Reji İdaresi’nde Kayıt Dışı Ekonomi Davası Menbiç Reji Memurluğu Örneği (1910-1911)
Authors: DAĞ Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Osmanlı hükümeti ile Düyun-u Umumiye İdaresi arasında 1883 yılında yapılan antlaşma gereğince kurulup 1884 yılında faaliyete geçen şirketin imparatorluk genelinde tütünün üretim, tüketim ve ticaretini denetim altına almasıyla birlikte tütünün seyri açısından dönüm noktası olmuştur. Yapılan sözleşme gereğince şirket 1883 ile 1925 yılları arasında imparatorluk genelinde tek tütün işletmecisi olarak çalışmıştır. Bu süreç zarfında şirketin üretici, tüketici ve tüccarlarla yaşamış olduğu çeşitli sorunların şirket ile üreticiler, tüketiciler ve tüccarlar arasında problemlerin yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Bu tür sorunların yanı sıra şirketin kendi çalışanları ile ilgili sorunların da olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Şirketin bünyesinde görev yapan memurların yasadışı faaliyetlerinden dolayı meydana gelen problemlere neden olan önemli etkenden biri de memurun zimmetine para geçirmesi olmuştur. Bu bağlamda Halep Reji Başmüdürlüğü bünyesinde 1910 yılında faaliyet gösteren Menbiç Reji Memurluğu’nda meydana gelen yolsuzluk davası çalışmamızın ana konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bilhassa Halep Reji Başmüdürlüğü’nün ve Menbiç Reji Memurluğu’nun kuruluş ve örgütlenme süreçleri, memur Mehmet Sabri Bey ile şirket arasında yaşanan dava neticesinde görülen muhakeme süreci başlıklar halinde ele alınmıştır. Zimmete para geçirme gerekçesiyle başlatılan dava sürecinde arşiv belgelerinden, vilayet salnamelerinden ve yazılı telif eserlerden istifade edilmiştir. Dava süreci incelenerek şirket görevlilerinin yasadışı faaliyetler karşısındaki davranış biçimleri ve tepkileri dikkate alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda şirketin ekonomik alandaki etkisinin yanı sıra yargı alanındaki konumu da tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Nazilli Ağa Cami Osmanlı Mezar Taşları
Authors: GÖKÇE Evren
Published: December 2021

Osmanlı döneminde Aydın sancağına bağlı kazalardan birisi olan Nazilli’de günümüze az sayıda tarihi eser ulaşmıştır. Bu eserlerden birisi Aşağı Nazilli’de bulunan ve bir vakıf eseri olan Ağa Cami’dir. Ağa Cami bünyesinde geçmişte bir hazire bulunmakla birlikte bu hazireden geriye az sayıda mezar taşı kalmıştır. Yapılan restorasyonlar neticesinde söz konusu mezar taşları caminin bodrumuna kaldırılmıştır. Bu incelemede, Ağa cami bodrumunda bulunan Osmanlı dönemine ait mezar taşları, çeşitli yönlerden ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Böylece, Nazilli şehrinin sosyal ve kültürel tarihine katkı yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Taşrada Eğitim-Öğretim Faaliyetlerinin Başlangıcı ve Atatürk Dönemi Sonrasına Yansımaları (1876-1945)
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Muhammet Nimet
Published: December 2021

Avrupa, Amerika ve bazı Anglosakson ülkelerinde ekonomik sistemi geliştirmek için gıda ve hammadde kaynaklarını öğrenme ve merkeze uzak yerlerin insanını eğitme konusunda XIX Yüzyıl sonlarından itibaren çalışmalar başlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmalarda şehir-kır ayrımına gidilmemiştir. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de taşrada yaşayan halkın eğitimi hakkında en iktisadi yöntem olarak uygulamalı tarım öngörülmüştür. Türkiye’de taşraya yönelik eğitim çalışmaları XIX. yüzyılın başlarında başlamıştır. 1824’te Darülmualliminler ile başlayan bu çalışmalar Meşrutiyet döneminde ivme kazanmıştır. İstanbul’da Ayamama Çiftliği’nde 10 Ocak 1846’da açılan Mekteb-i Zirai Şahane, Türkiye’de uygulamalı eğitim modelinin başlangıcı olmuştur. Türkiye’de ilk modern tarımsal eğitim böylece başlamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde Meşrutiyete kadar eğitim çalışmaları Başkent İstanbul ile sınırlı kalmıştır. Meşrutiyet’ten Millî Mücadele Dönemi’nin sonuna kadar savaşlar, iç isyanlar ve sosyo-ekonomik sıkıntılar içerisinde eğitim-öğretimde teşkilatlanmaya gitme, okul programlarında yenileşme çalışmalarının yapılmış olması yeni kurulan Türk Devleti’nin temellerini güçlendirmiştir. Özellikle I. Dünya Savaşı’nın yıkıcı sonuçlarından bir an önce kurtulabilmek için ziraat ile geçimini sağlayan taşra halkını yaşam bölgesinden koparmadan eğitme konusu önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Devletler bağımsız ve eşit bir anlayış tesisinde taşradan şehre doğru etkili olabilecek eğitim konusuna yönelmişlerdir. Türkiye’de Meşrutiyetten Cumhuriyete ve hatta Atatürk’ün vefatına kadar yoğun olarak taşrada yaşayan halkın eğitilmesi ile ilgili ciddi çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak bu çalışmalar siyasi, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik nedenlerden dolayı devam ettirilememiştir.
ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ КОРПУСІВ УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ В УМОВАХ КАРАНТИННИХ ОБМЕЖЕНЬ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: DESHKO VALERII , BILOUS INNA , SUKHODUB IRYNA , BOIKO TETYANA
Published: December 2021

Target. To analyze the features of energy consumption of the building of the educational building No. 17 of the National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" in the conditions of quarantine restrictions in the implementation of energy-saving heating schemes.Methodology. Dynamic energetic modeling of a university academic building created in the DesignBuilder software environment under normal and quarantine modes.Results. Recommendations for the implementation of energy-saving modes of heating the building of the academic building of the university during the period of distance learning when introducing quarantine restrictions in Ukraine.Scientific novelty. An integrated approach has been developed to an in-depth analysis of energy consumption under conditions of partial use of the premises of educational buildings during the quarantine period. It is substantiated that the use of premises with partial operation of the building requires additional unit costs for heating needs.Practical significance. Simulation dynamic modeling of the building's energy consumption for heating for various modes of operation and employment / use of premises of educational buildings during the quarantine period in Ukraine, the results of the study will allow to obtain a set of energy characteristics of the building as a whole and its individual rooms / zones for hourly changes in internal operating conditions and external climatic conditions. The use of the proposed scheme of operation of the heating system of the building of the educational building allows to reduce energy consumption during the heating period by 8,5% compared to energy consumption during normal operation, which is economically feasible in conditions of partial occupancy of the building during quarantine restrictions (during lockdown) and an unpredictable macroeconomic situation on the energy market, causing a trend towards an increase in prices for basic energy resources.
La relación entre historia y arquitectura a través de Henri Bergson
Authors: Lancelle Anna I. , Fernández Sergio A.
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo indaga en los textos de Henri Bergson que han profundizado sobre la noción de tiempo y de realidad para llegar a extraer, a partir de su hermenéutica, los presupuestos que permitan un acercamiento a la historia de la arquitectura que sea otra cosa que mero recuerdo o descripción de hechos pasados.

 

La noción de duración, inaugurada por el filósofo, abre una brecha irreconciliable entre la historia como catálogo de formas y soluciones del pasado y la historia como tensión viva entre los que fueron y el hoy, tensión siempre renovada en cada presente que se reconoce en las generaciones idas, en palabras de Benjamin.

 
THE ROLE OF ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN EU STRATEGIC PRIORITIES: CHALLENGES FOR UKRAINE
Authors: MAKSYMENKO A.
Published: December 2021

Priorities for a competitive and efficient EU transport system have been declared in the third White Paper published in 2011. The strategic priorities of European transport policy are integrated to other EU development priorities, including the European Green Deal, Territorial Agenda 2030. In December 2020 The European Commission presented “Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy – putting European transport on track for the future”. This document has outlined the European transport system’s path towards achieving objectives of a sustainable, smart and resilient mobility. The priorities of the European transport system focus on environmental issues, sustainability, development of high-speed railways, expansion of rail freight and passenger transport markets, development of multimodal transportation, technologies for a further electrification and automation in transport, digitalization, deployment of innovations. Road freight transport accounted for more than two thirds of freight traffic in 2019. For the EU member states bordered to Ukraine (Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania), the share of road freight transport has been growing since 2011. These countries are mostly involved in the international road freight transportation. The average distance for which goods were carried by international road freight transport in EU was 581 km in 2018. For Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania the average distance varied from 603 to 786 km. The countries that have joined the EU since 2004 accounted for 80 % of all cross-trade in the EU, which emphasized on the relative competitiveness of hauliers from these countries. Transport companies from Poland are the most active in freight transport between EU countries, in particular in cabotage. In 2020, the European Parliament adopted the Mobility Package I. However, some Members of EU countries, including Poland and Romania claimed against some statements of the Package, including the driver returns home and rules on cabotage operation.
ESSENCE AND CONTENT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT “EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE”
Authors: VODOLAZHSKA T.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the list of the latest scientific sources devoted directly to the definition of the economic category “labor potential of the enterprise”. Their analysis allowed us to note that in their works scientists and scholars rationalize the need to clarify the essence of the concept “labor potential of the enterprise”, especially given the transformations and constantly emerging new requirements in the modern market environment of enterprises. At the same time, there is a lack of unity of their views on the revealing of the meaning of this term, and their variety is very diverse. The existing developments of scientists to establish the essence of the economic category “labor potential of the enterprise” really need further consideration and refinement.
The main purpose of the article is to provide an essence and content characteristic and to formulate a definition of “labor potential of the enterprise” on the basis of isolation and systematization of its key (essential) features.
 
As a result of a comprehensive analysis of the studied existing interpretations of the essence of labor potential of the enterprise, their list is systematized into four main approaches to the specification of the semantic basis of this term.
On the ground of the application of basic logical methods of concept generation (analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization), the essential features of this term are identified in terms of content of actions and essential certainty: a set of existing and potential capabilities and abilities of employees; self-realization, effective use, increase and development of opportunities for employees in employment; promoting the achievement of strategic goals of enterprise development.
To formulate the definition of “labor potential of the enterprise” the following is suggested: first, a combination of the above three essential features of the labor potential of the enterprise; second, the inclusion of a sign of the possibility of manifestation in the latest changing conditions of the socio-economic environment of enterprises; third, grounding at the same time on the interpretation of the basic concept of “potential”; fourth, taking into account the peculiarities of the four main approaches to the specification of the semantic basis of the term.
Based on the above provisions, the essence of the labor potential of the enterprise is formulated, whose difference from the existing ones is a comprehensive consideration of its essential features in terms of essential definition and content of actions, as well as taking into account the possibility of manifestation in the latest changing socio-economic environment.
Peran Guru Pendamping dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Mokoagow Samjural
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara guru pendamping dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dan cara menghadapi kendala dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, dan solusi yang akan di lakukan oleh guru pendamping dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitiaan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, subjek penelitian ini adalah Guru pendamping, Guru Utama/wali kelas, Kepala sekolah. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu pendekatan yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata, gambar, dan bukan angka. Teknik pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah pengolahan data dan analisis data. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa peran guru pendamping adalah membuat siswa lebih rajin belajar dengan motivasi, dorongan, dan strategi-strategi yang dilakukan oleh guru pendamping untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, karena guru adalah motivator terbaik untuk para siswa dalam meningkakan motivasi kepada siswa.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Kampung Padamulya Desa Padamulya Mengenai Ekonomi Syariah Melalui Program Gres (Gerakan Ekonomi Syariah)
Authors: Ismail Haris
Published: December 2021

Kegiatan Sosialisasi dilaksanakan di Desa Padamulya, dengan target masyarakat bapak- bapak dalam pengajian mingguan. Kegiatan sosialisasi dilaksanakan dengan tujuan memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat mengenai manfaat dan pentingnya ekonomi syariah yang dilakukan tidak hanya berorientasi pada profit semata, melainkan kegiatan perekonomian dapat terus berkembang di masa mendatang dengan memperhatikan dan menerapkan ekonomi syariah sebagai faktor pendukung. Sosialisasi tersebut disesuaikan dengan permasalahan dan kebutuhan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat di Desa Padamulya Metode pelaksaan kegiatan terdiri dari dua tahap. Pertama tahap persiapan materi dan perizinan dan Tahap kedua yaitu tahap pelaksanaan program berupa sosialisasi meliputi pemaparan dan diskusi . Hasil dan luaran kegiatan setelah dilaksanakan sosialisasi yaitu pertama, masyarakat mengalami peningkatan pemahaman mengenai ilmu  ekonomi syariah. Dengan dilaksanakannya program ini, maka terjadi perbaikan tatanan nilai masyarakat di bidang ekonomi khususnya ekonomi syariah.
Kata kunci: Ekonomi Syariah, Kegiatan, Masyarakat, Metode, Sosialisasi
Pemberdayaan Bahan Baku Singkong dan Gula Aren Di Desa Padamulya Kabupaten Cianjur Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Bola Manis Si Engkong
Authors: Mauldy Julianti Nisa
Published: December 2021

Di Kampung Padamulya Desa Padamulya belum ada inovasi produk olahan singkong dan gula aren. Biasanya singkong hanya diolah menjadi keripik singkong, padahal Desa ini memiliki potensi singkong yang besar. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkannya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang inovasi produk dan cara pengolahan singkong menjadi Bola Manis Si Engkong. Tujuan kegiat’an ini adalah untuk meningkatkan penghasilan masyarakat Kampung Padamulya Desa Padamulya Kecamatan Pasirkuda Kabupaten Cianjur. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi dan praktek mengolah diversifikasi produk berbahan dasar singkong yaitu pelatihan pembuatan Bola Manis Si Engkong. Adapun metode pembuatan Bola Manis Si Engkongadalah dengan menggoreng parutan singkong, kemudian dicampurkan dengan lelehan gula aren dan ditaburi parutan keju. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah menambah wawasan dan informasi tentangpembuatan Bola Manis Si Engkong. Setelah pengabdian ini dilakukan, masyarakat mulai menyadari pentingnya pengolahan hasil pertanian yaitu singkong untuk meningkatkan penghasilan dan memasarkan produknya secara online.
Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Pembuatan Produk Singkong, Peningkatan Penghasilan
LIVELIHOOD OF STREET VENDORS DURING COVID-19 LOCKDOWN IN BANGLADESH: EARNINGS BREAK OFF EXPENSES REMAIN
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Nur
Published: December 2021

On March 8, 2020, the first case of covid-19 was discovered in Bangladesh. As a result, the government decided to shut down all sectors for a certain period when the whole world was battling the first wave of Covid-19.  After one year of the first wave, the second wave has recently hit the planet affecting almost all the countries including Bangladesh. Like all other sectors, street vending has been encountered and felt severe distress regarding the vendors’ livelihood. This study aims to explore the livelihood of street vendors during covid-19 in Bangladesh. This study features an in-depth interview of 15 street vendors to document their experiences during lockdown due to covid-19. This study is based on a qualitative approach with a purposive sampling technique. This study found lockdown is a significant burden for street vendors, leaving them with no other choice for earning money. During the lockdown, they expend savings, borrow money from others, take out loans, sell home furniture, and obtain money from their parents to fulfil their needs and demands. In order to improve this situation of street vendors, the government should take necessary steps with adequate financial and food assistance so that the vendors can survive during this lockdown.
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN STEM AND ARTS SUBJECTS IN BHUTAN: A GENDER PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dendup Tashi , Wangmo Sangay , Yangchen Ugyen
Published: December 2021

Academic performance disparities among the gender of students are the cause of concern. Numerous explanations for academic performance disparities, especially in Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and Arts subjects between male and female students, are established in many countries. However, similar studies in Bhutan, especially at the tertiary education level, are scant. Therefore, this study mainly assessed i) students’ perception of STEM and Arts subjects, ii) compared male and female academic performance in STEM and Arts subjects, and iii) studied students' perception of the factors affecting their academic performance. Data were collected from 265 students of four constituent colleges (two Science and Arts colleges each) of the Royal University of Bhutan using semi-structured questionnaires. A multistage sampling (comprising a mixture of purposive and random) was employed. The research used a quantitative approach with descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square, t-tests, and binary logistic regressions). The result showed no significant association between students’ gender and their choice of subjects. At Science colleges, female students outperformed male students. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the performance of male and female students at Arts Colleges. Overall, females (71.63 ± 6.35) outperform male (69.57 ± 7.80) students. Hence, there are no stereotypes in STEM and Arts subjects among Bhutanese undergraduate students. However, future research could include parents and lecturers to gather their perspectives on STEM and Arts subjects. Variables, including study hours, communication skills, and Bhutanese Educational Policies, should also be thoroughly investigated as factors affecting students' academic performance
A Symbolism Study on Architecture and Ornament of Tosan Ward in Pura Mangkunegaran Palace
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, Airlangga Ega Azaria , . Susanto , , Warto
Published: December 2021

Bangsal Tosan (Tosan Ward) is one of European Architecture-Style buildings existing in Pura Mangkunegaran palace complex, Surakarta, Central Java. This article discusses the symbolic meaning of Bangsal Tosan’s architecture and ornament. Bangsal Tosan as a European architecture building and a part of Pura Mangkunegaran Palace building. As a European-architecture building, Bangsal Tosan belongs to neoclassical architecture-style building functioning as marquise and symbolizing an independent and sovereign state. As a part of Pura Mangkunegaran Palace building, Bangsal Tosan is a part of pendapa called kuncungan and symbolizes Mangkunegaran as a genuine state led by a legitimate ruler getting God’s mandate. Despite varying meanings, taken together Bangsal Tosan has the same meaning, i.e. as the symbol of Mangkunegaran Ruler’s power and authority.
The Influence of Pop Up Notification on Visual Attention and Learning
Authors:   University of Muhammadiyah Prof Dr HAMKA (Indonesia), Brain Beta Lab (Indonesia), Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University (Indonesia), University of Indonesia (Indonesia), Pratama Muhammad Aditya , Anisa Yayu Hizza , Amilah Nur , Avorizano Arry , Edison Rizki Edmi
Published: December 2021

The tutorial videos contain an explanation of a learning material taught to students. The use of tutorial videos is common during the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation makes the teachers change the learning model into a video conferences or tutorial videos. However, the use of tutorial videos is often accompanied by opening other applications in parallel causing pop-up notifications to appear. The pop-up notification makes students not focus on the material explained in the tutorial videos. This raises the question of whether it will affect the learning process in understanding the learning material. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the influence of pop-up notifications on tutorial videos. Eye movements of all participants (N = 50) were recorded when viewing tutorial videos on various operating systems with or without the pop-up notification. Based on the results, after being shown a tutorial videos with a pop-up notification, participants paid attention to the pop-up notification. However, there were no significant differences in learning outcomes of students after viewing tutorial videos with or without pop-up notification.
Investigation of Injury Anxiety Level of Archers According to Various Parameters: Students of Faculty of Sport Sciences and Club Athletes
Authors:   The University of Bayburt, Turkey, Gönen Mevlüt
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze injury anxiety in archers according to several parameters. The research universe consists of archers who conduct sports in archery clubs modern category and Sports sciences Faculty students in the Turkey.. On the other hand, the research sample comprises 346 archers, 194 men and 152 women, who willingly participate in archery at sports clubs in various cities in Turkey. In the study, the personal information form generated by the researcher and the "Sports Injury Anxiety Scale" established by Rex and Metzler (2016) and modified into Turkish by Caz, Kayhan and Bardakçı (2019) were utilized as data collection methods. Statistical analysis of the data was done with SPSS 25 program, t-test and One Way Anova tests. According to the results of the research, it was established that among the archers who participated in the research, the archers who had a lot of sports experience, had a sports injury before, and did not have any other sportsmen in their family, had a high mean score of sports injury anxiety.
Basic Approach to Prevalence of Iron-Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women and Children in South Florida before 2003
Authors:   University of Abomey-Calavy, Republic of Benin, Orisma Rhodner J.
Published: December 2021

Obviously iron deficiency is determined as the most prevalent nutritional problem in the world today. It is provoked by a lack of iron in the diet. In South Florida, since pregnant women tend to neglect prenatal care, the prevalence of anemia primarily occurs during the first and second trimesters of their pregnancy. Accordingly, medical studies show that premature deliveries, low birth weight, birth defects, infant mortality, etc. result from iron deficiency anemia. In this, birth defects are, however, considered as quite associated with folic acid deficiency anemia. That explains why, this paper also deals with the study published by the March of Dimes on folic acid and pregnancy. In addition, the paper approaches qualitatively the socioeconomic and sociocultural aspects of the disease according to eight (8) interviews conducted in Broward and Miami Date counties to highlight the existing preventive programs for vulnerable population such as women, infants and children in South Florida, USA.
Determination of morphological responses and plant nutrient preferences of some vine rootstocks grown under in vitro salt stress conditions
Authors: KAYA Kaan Fethi , TANGOLAR Serpil
Published: December 2021

The study was performed to determine mineral nutrition preferences and the morphological response against the salt stress of the rootstocks used in Turkey. 41B, 5BB, 140Ru, Salt Creek, and SO4 were used as rootstocks, and NaCl at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.75, and 1.5 g L-1 were applied to the plantlets grown in MS medium. The values of all shoot and root properties examined in this experiment decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations compared to control plants. The highest damage degree was seen on 41B, while there was no damage on Salt Creek plantlets. Shoot and root tolerance ratios of Salt Creek rootstock were found to be the best among the rootstock. These ratios were higher in 0.75 g L-1 than 1.5 g L-1 concentration. Leaf chlorophyll and nutrient content were negatively affected by the increasing NaCl doses. It has been found that all nutrient elements are positively affected by each other's uptake. The highest N, K, Ca, and Mg levels were detected in Salt Creek, while the lowest level was detected in 41B rootstock. Considering all the parameters examined, rootstocks are ranged from the most sensitive to the most resistant to salinity conditions; 41B, SO4, 5BB, 140Ru, and Salt Creek.
TECHNOLOGY PERFECTION OF Р6М5 STEEL-MAKING IN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Gertsyk S.I. , Korolev M.R. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Shilnikov E.V. ,   JSC "Metallurgical works 'Elektrostal'"
Published: December 2021

A technology of Р6М5 steel-making by the method of remelting with oxygen blowing in electric arc furnace of capacity 20 t has been examined. To improve technical and economic characteristics of the furnace operation for a series of experimental-industrial melts a number of measures was proven. The measures resulted in a decrease in melt time, a reduction of melting loss and specific consumption of energy and oxygen.
EFFECT OF AIR HEATING ON CONCENTRATION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF GASEOUS FUELS
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Gertsyk S.I. , Belyakov I.V. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University
Published: December 2021

The formation probability of nitrogen oxides in combustion products of mixed blast-furnace and natural gases under different conditions of combustion was calculated. It has been found out that heating the air incoming into burners of high-temperature blast-furnaces sharply increases concentration of nitrogen oxides in combustion products (by 1.5-1.75 times). It was notices that in furnaces where temperature was less than 950-1000 °С, heating the air up to 400 °С increased NOx content in gases released to the atmosphere no more than by 20-23%, and oxide concentration was in limits of sanitary standards.