bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of trans-arterial embolization with large microspheres of rats and rabbits
Authors: Jakunina Marina N. , Fadeev A. S , Kalishjan M. S , Treshalina E. M , Dolgushin M. B
Published: December 2023

Studying of large microspheres (MS) from polyvinyl alcohol with the diameter of (d) of 0.2-0.6 mm in the infusional volume of 0.4-0.9 ml is directed for detection of their features necessary for preclinical study with surgical access to a femoral artery. Two problems were solved: development of trans-arterial (t.a.) technique introductions to rats and efficiency assessment t.a. embolization on rabbits. Experiments on the rats under general anesthesia are made with d=0.2-0.3 mm of MS. For preclinical study of the technique on rats with the body weight of 120-150 g, infusional system with catheter of G26 and period of observation within 7 days allowing to control efficiency of embolization of tumor intertwined in the blood supply zone is recommended. Experiments on rabbits under general anesthesia are made with MS diameter of 0.4-0.6 mm of MS. By means of X-ray contrast visualization decrease in intensity of a regional blood-stream is shown expressed up to full and long (not less than 14 days) for all of the volumes of MS. The best results of embolization are received with G20 catheter in infusion system. Local trophic changes under the influence of MS (side effects) are regarded as modeling artifact on rabbits connected with full switch off of blood-groove in rather small vessel and violation of innervation of the extremity. The analysis of the revealed features with selection of adequate characteristics of the ISS and tools reached efficiency and complications of trans-arterial embolization allows to recommend the fulfilled technique on rats for preclinical study of large ISS from polyvinyl alcohol, and to consider LMS perspective for trans-arterial embolization or chemoembolization of tumor.
Dynamics of certain statistics of oncological patients in the Smolensk region
Authors: Chernoshvets Ekaterina N. , Kisilyova A. N , Gulo S. L , Semkina E. N
Published: December 2023

The analysis of cancer patients’ statistics in the Smolensk region population in 2010-2014 revealed that the sickness (general and primary incidence indices) and the mortality rates are increasing every year. The mortality rate due to cancer in the Smolensk region over 2010-2014 increased by 16%. The proportion of cancer patients under regular medical check-up increased by 11.4% over 2010-2014. Breast cancer patients were the most prevalent in 2010 - 404 persons (12.3%); and patients with skin tumors (excluding melanoma) dominated in 2014 - 550 (14.2%). Gastric cancer was the most frequent cause of mortality due to malignant tumors in 2010 (16.5%); lung, trachea, bronchial tubes cancer - in 2014 (14.6%). The number of the patients who were followed up for 5 years and more from the moment of the diagnosis increased by 4% in the periodfrom 2010 to 2014. Prophylaxis based on cancer susceptibility determination as well as early tumor diagnostics are necessary to decrease these indices.
Training of doctors of various specialties for installation of venous access in children with cancer
Authors: Rykov Maxim Yu. , Susuleva N. A , Polyakov V. G
Published: December 2023

The article summarizes five years of experience teaching doctors of various specialties for implantation of venous port systems in children with cancer. Material and methods. In 2010-2014 we conducted a training technique of implantation of venous port systems for 65 doctors. Of these, 27 (41.5%) were trained in the courses of the International School of Postgraduate Education “Aesculap-Academy”, and 38 (58.5%) - at the Department of Pediatric Oncology GBOU DPO RMAPO the Ministry of Health. The training was conducted at the institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology. Results. The total number of students who have mastered the technique of 13 people (48.1%) of which 9 (69.2%) Anaesthetist and 4 (30.7%) of pediatric surgery. However, only 3 (23%) with certificates doctor - Anaesthetist, mastered one conducting courses implantation technique using ECG monitoring. From mastered the technique of only 3 people (2 Anaesthetist and 1 Surgeon) expressed confidence that will be able to be implanted venous port system in the presence of an experienced assistant. Conclusion. It is necessary to upgrade the training of doctors at the level of postgraduate education and reform program training courses for working professionals.
The base to choose low molecular weight heparins in cancer patients
Authors: Roitman Eugene V. , Andrianova M. Yu , Vardanyan A. V , Roumiantsev S. A
Published: December 2023

The review discusses coagulation peculiarities due to cancer that are the pathophysiological basis for choice among low-molecular-weight heparins represented in Russia today.
Analysis of the incidence of lung cancer in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Justification of the Introduction of innovative methods of early diagnosis
Authors: Zukov Ruslan A. , Safontsev Ivan P. , Klimenok Marina P. , Zabrodskaya Tatyana E. , Krat Aleksey V. , Kichkailo Anna S. , Zamay Tatyana N.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer occupies a leading position in the overall structure of cancer incidence in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Despite the positive results of the introduction of low-dose computed tomography and the current epidemiological situation caused by the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, there remains the potential to increase the detection and implementation of modern methods for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
AIM: The aim of the study was to study the incidence of lung cancer in the Krasnoyarsk Territory over the past 2012–2021 years, to build a forecast until 2030 and to search for leads in the diagnosis of this disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of the regional cancer register and the data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Krasnoyarsk Territory were used as a source of information. We calculated the intensive indicator of lung cancer incidence in the territory of the region and predicted the incidence until 2030, using Microsoft Excel.
RESULTS: Thus, the incidence of lung cancer in the Krasnoyarsk Territory increased by 4.6%, while the female incidence increased by 31.6% and the male incidence decreased by 2.7%. Incidence rates in the region exceed those typical for the city of Krasnoyarsk for the entire period of observation. The increase in incidence in the region for the period 2012–2021 was 4.3%, and in the city — 3.1%. The male population of the region, unlike Krasnoyarsk, is characterized by a slight increase in incidence. Female morbidity increased both in the region and in the city by 23.9% and 43.3%, respectively, during the observation period. The incidence of lung cancer in the region by 2030 may amount to 54.9 per 100 thousand population and in Krasnoyarsk — 41.0 per 100 thousand population. The absence of COVID-19 would provide a higher accuracy of the forecast — 66.9 and 43.8 per 100 thousand population, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Thus, over the past 10 years, an increase in lung cancer cases has been registered in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The article provides examples of modern methods of screening and diagnosis of lung cancer, including the use of aptamers. The presented data indicates the need to improve approaches in detecting lung cancer and monitoring the effectiveness of antitumor therapy using innovative approaches.
Cytodiagnosis of pleural effusions according to the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology: retrospective analysis of oncological dispensary experience
Authors: Grigoruk Olga G. , Vikhlyanov Igor V. , Bazulina Larisa M. , Elchaninova Svetlana A. , Lazarev Alexandr F.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: The International Serous Fluid Cytopathology Reporting System (TIS RSFC) was proposed in 2020 to standardize cytological reports and include information on perceived risk of malignancy in reports. It is necessary to analyze the use of TIS RSFC to determine the principles of rational practical implementation and possible improvement of this classification.
AIM: To assess the possibility and results of the application of TIS RSFC (2020) in the cytodiagnosis of pleural effusions using the organizational technologies and resources of a regional oncological dispensary.
METHODS: This observational, retrospective, crossover study carried out a comparative analysis of reports following cytological examination of pleural effusion with clinical and anamnestic information, histological, immunohistochemical results of 1507 patients of the Altai Regional Oncological Dispensary (Barnaul) from 2019 to 2021. The microscope slides were prepared by the traditional smear method, as well as by liquid cytology methods. Papanicolaou and Pappenheim staining methods were used. In certain cases, immunocytochemical tests were performed additionally.
RESULTS: The following numbers of cytological reports corresponding to the TIS RSFC categories were formulated: non-diagnostic material, C I — 11 (0.7%); absence of malignant tumor cells, C II — 946 (62.8%); atypia of unknown significance, C III — 61 (4.0%); suspicion of a malignant process, C IV — 13 (0.9%); malignant process, C V — 476 (31.6%). Within category C V there were 37 (7.8%) cases of the primary tumor — mesothelioma; 398 (83.6%) cases of metastatic tumors, including 41 (8.6%) cases of non-epithelial tumors. Immunocytochemical tests of pleural fluid were performed in 273 (18.1%) cases. Risk of malignancy was 9.1% (1/11) for C I; 1.2% (11/946) — for C II; 59.0% (36/61) — for C III; 84.6% (11/13) — for C IV, and 100% — (476/476) for C V. Cytodiagnosis with immunocytochemistry in unclear cases was characterized by a sensitivity of 92.5%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 88.5%, and an accuracy of 96.6%.
CONCLUSIONS: The application of TIS RSFC (2020) in cytological tests of pleural fluid does not cause difficulties for specialists in cytological laboratory. If the required diagnostic accuracy of cytological tests is available, this system makes it possible to characterize the risk of malignancy and thus guide the oncologist in the case management. The liquid-based cytology and the addition of traditional cytological techniques with immunocytochemical tests increase the cytodiagnostic sensitivity.
Building Trust in Telesurgery through Blockchain-Based Patient Consent and Surgeon Authentication
Authors: Ishiaku Awwal , Maloletov Alexander
Published: December 2023

Telesurgery, which enables remote surgical procedures, has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by improving access to specialized care and reducing costs. However, trust in telesurgery is a major concern for patients and healthcare providers. To address this issue, we propose a novel system for building trust in telesurgery through blockchain-based patient consent and surgeon authentication. Our system uses a smart contract on the blockchain to store patient consent and surgeon authentication data, which is securely verified by the telesurgery robot. We present a simulation of our system and evaluate its performance. Our results show that our system can authenticate surgeons and grant patient consent quickly and securely. This system has the potential to increase trust in telesurgery and promote its widespread adoption.
Nonasthmatic Eosinophilic Bronchitis: A Systematic Review of Current Treatment Options
Authors: Betancor D , Valverde-Monge M , Barroso B , Gomez-Lopez A , Sastre J
Published: December 2023

Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis is characterized by persistent dry or barely productive cough and bronchial eosinophilia without airway obstruction or bronchial hyperreactivity. It is primarily a chronic disease, in which some patients have clinical and pathophysiological relapses, while others progress to asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It accounts for 5% to 30% of cases referred for chronic cough. Exposure to common inhalants and occupational sensitizers has been proposed as a possible cause of the disease, although the etiology and underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Some features are similar to those of asthma, such as airway eosinophilia, inflammatory mediator levels, and airway remodeling. Differences in airway pathophysiology, such as the location of airway inflammation and levels of IL-13 and PGE-2, have been reported. Sputum cell count is the gold standard test for diagnosis, and other biomarkers, such as exhaled nitric oxide, could support the diagnosis. A systematic review of treatments for the disease shows that while inhaled corticosteroids are the primary option, the appropriate dose, the type of corticosteroid, and the duration of treatment remain unknown. Treatment duration is inversely correlated with the relapse rate. Increased doses of inhaled corticosteroids, oral corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists are recommended in persistent disease. Anti–IL-5 biologics could be promising in this disease. Studies that investigate biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis are necessary, as are randomized controlled studies for second-line treatments.
Assessment and early warning signs of deterioration in hospitalized patients
Authors: Qawfashi Badriah Y. , Darraj Layla S. , Haltani Abeer M. , Moaafa Somaiah Y. , Alshahrani Khaled A. , Masmali Aeshah B. , Aljohani Samira S. , Alhujili Naif A. , Alzahrani Bandar S. , Aloslub Refah F.
Published: December 2023

Efficient assessment methods and early warning systems are crucial to prevent events like arrest, unexpected transfers to the intensive care unit (ICU) or even death. This in-depth review delves into the aspects of evaluating and handling early warning indicators of deterioration among patients admitted to hospitals. The primary emphasis lies in identifying any signs of decline by observing and tracking indicators, like heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, body temperature and oxygen saturation. Standardized assessments like the modified early warning score (MEWS) play a role in assessing the seriousness of a patient’s condition while rapid response teams (RRTs) provide interdisciplinary interventions. Personalized care plans, customized medication management and the inclusion of support highlight an approach. Continuously reevaluating patients and providing education for healthcare professionals underscores the nature of patient care. Despite advancements in technology that enable real time monitoring challenges such as alarm fatigue and the need for consistent staff training persist. This review concludes that a comprehensive strategy combining expertise standardized assessments and technological support is vital for managing early warning signs of deterioration to ultimately enhance patient outcomes in hospital environments.
Feasibility of supplying electrical energy demands with off-grid hybrid renewable systems to supply a small hotel in the desert
Authors: Golkar Mohammad , Hajinezhad Ahmad , Moosavian Seyad Farhan
Published: December 2023

Considering the world’s ever-increasing need for energy, as well as the limited resources, pollution, and climate change caused by fossil fuels, it shows the necessity of using renewable energies more than ever. Iran has many tourist attractions. It is difficult to supply energy to welfare places in some of these areas due to the long distance from the city or the vulnerable environment, so their energy supply system is designed independently of the grid. Using a diesel generator to supply electricity can be considered the first solution for a hotel’s off-grid system, but this scenario has high costs and causes pollution. The second way is to use renewable energies such as wind and solar, but these energies are not stable due to weather conditions. One suggestion to overcome the periodicity of renewable energy sources such as the sun and wind is to develop a hybrid energy system in which excess electrical energy can be converted and stored. These resources, together with energy storage, can provide a system with better reliability that is suitable for off-grid applications. In the third case, the diesel generator can be combined with renewable energy. In this article, the electricity supply is for a small hotel with an area of 3995 m2 located in the Varzaneh desert of Isfahan province. The average electrical load required is 1530 kWh/day, and the peak load is 118.76 kW. The simulation of the system has been done with HOMER software, and the results have been categorized based on the three scenarios mentioned as well as the total net present cost of the system. With the obtained results, it is clear that the most optimal system is one with a combined supplier of a diesel generator, a photovoltaic panel, a wind turbine, and battery storage. The NPC value of this system is $1,995,016; the renewable rate is 87.1%; and its emissions are 84% lower than in the case where only the diesel generator supplier has them.
Divine Pedagogy in the Face of Educational Crisis. On the Approach of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI
Authors: Górecka Marzena
Published: December 2023

Joseph Ratzinger – Benedict XVI, one of the greatest thinkers of mankind and the greatest Pope-theologian in the history of the modern Church, has devoted much attention to a critical analysis of the spirit of the age and the spiritual condition of modern people, living as if God did not exist. The Pope’s diagnosis is unequivocal and utterly pessimistic. He writes openly about the spiritual void, the drama of the times and even the tunnel in which humanity has found itself. At the core of this condition, according to Benedict XVI, there are two postmodern phenomena: relativism and secularism, leading people, above all young people, into spiritual regress and deformation. In the face of these threats and their disastrous consequences, the Pope from Germany proposes that the spiritual development of young people become the most urgent challenge and priority task to be carried out jointly by all the different groups of educators: parents, teachers, pedagogues, catechists, and the clergy. Of the many tasks and remedies needed to achieve success, which Benedict XVI outlined for educators in his speeches and writings, three aspects are particularly fundamental: personalism, theo- and Christocentrism, and integrity and reference to conscience. The perception of a young person as a subject through his or her ontological relationship with the living God revealed in Jesus Christ and the formation of a conscience, through which a young person may take responsibility for himself or herself and co-responsibility for others, guarantee authentic education and can restore hope to contemporary people and the world.
The Eucharist as a Sacrament Integrating the Family (Under Canon Law)
Authors: Janczewski Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

The Eucharist is the source and top of the Christian life. This article analyzes the regulations of canon law related to participation in the Eucharist and receiving holy communion by the family. The author aims to show how such activities affect the unification of the entire family community, spouses, their children, and even grandparents. The first part discusses the Eucharist as the sacrament of unity. The next one discusses the family’s partaking in holy communion. The last one shows the role of the sacrament in the life of mixed marriages and marriages between individuals of different Catholic rites.
Czy na duchownym ciąży obowiązek zawiadomienia o popełnieniu przestępstwa?
Authors: Jasińska Marta
Published: December 2023

Prawidłowe działanie wymiaru sprawiedliwości wymaga współdziałania społeczeństwa, które jest współodpowiedzialne za bezpieczeństwo państwa. Doskonałym wyrazem tego jest obowiązek zawiadomienia o popełnionym przestępstwie, który spoczywa na każdym, kto ma wiarygodną wiadomość o czynie zabronionym. Wyróżniamy obowiązek społeczny, prawny oraz karalne niezawiadomienie o przestępstwie. Rozważania podjęte mają na celu udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie: w jakich sytuacjach duchowny związany jest powyższymi obowiązkami, a kiedy może się od nich uchylić? Jak też, jakie konsekwencje powoduje naruszenie tych obowiązków w odniesieniu do tajemnicy spowiedzi, którą duchowny jest związany. Spowiedź to nie jedyna forma kontaktu wiernego z duchownym, ale tylko ta korzysta z ochrony, pytanie zatem, czy rozmowa duszpasterska, przewodnictwo duchowne mogą korzystać z ochrony związanej z tajemnicą zawodową. Udzielenie odpowiedzi na te pytania ma kluczowe znaczenie z perspektywy wiernego, który powierza swoje tajemnice duchownemu sądząc, że zawsze będą one chronione.
Opportunities and Obstacles in Individualized Pay-setting From a Manager Perspective
Authors: Malmrud Sofia , Falkenberg Helena , Lindfors Petra , Hellgren Johnny , Sverke Magnus
Published: December 2023

This study explored pay-setting managers’ experiences regarding the individualized pay-setting process. Seven semi-structured group-interviews with pay-setting managers (N = 28) from four private companies in Sweden were conducted. A thematic analysis identified three main themes: 1) Prerequisites for pay-setting, which included conditions for pay-setting work and experiences of these conditions; 2) Assessment and feedback, which included experiences of employee performance assessment and feedback provision; 3) Rewards, which covered experiences of different pay incentives and the relationship between performance and pay. The pay-setting process was considered to include many obstacles as well as a few opportunities. Without proper pre-requisites to assess employee performance, the possibilities to adequately reward performance were experienced as limited, which, in turn, hampered possibilities to justify both the assessment and pay raise. Taken together, this study underscores the conflict between intentions relating to how to carry out a pay-setting process and managers’ difficulties to actually accomplish this.
Analisis Penerimaan Siswa terhadap Learning Management System (LMS) E-School dengan Model UTAUT di SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali
Authors: Marfuah Siti , Nugroho Jonet Ariyanto , Setyowibowo Feri
Published: December 2023

E-School is an application and web-based Learning Management System (LMS) designed and developed by SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali. E-School has various features that support academic and non-academic activities which have been used since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. Various new features are added in each version update as an evaluation and improvement of the LMS. However, an evaluation based on students' responses to the LMS E-School to identify students' acceptance and use of E-School has never been done. The purpose of this study is to determine the determinant factors that can affect student acceptance of LMS E-School with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model proposed by Venkatesh, et al. (2003). The sample used was 289 out of 1,044 students of SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali for the 2022/2023 academic year, which were selected using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. This study used a quantitative method with a questionnaire instrument and was analyzed with PLS-SEM assisted by SmartPLS version 3 software. Based on the test results with path analysis and t-statistics, it can be concluded that the variables of performance expectancy and social influence have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention variables. As well as the variables of facilitating conditions and behavioral intentions have a positive and significant influence on the use behavior variable. Meanwhile, the effort expectancy variable does not have a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention variable in using the LMS E-School at SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali.
ВПЛИВ НЕФОРМАЛЬНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ НА РОЗВИТОК ПРОЄКТНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОБОТИ НАД СОЦІАЛЬНИМ ПРОЄКТОМ
Authors: Абисова Марія
Published: December 2023

Анотація. Стаття присвячена потенціалу неформальної комунікації для розвитку проєктного мислення як формивипередження соціальної дійсності. Актуальність теми дослідження обумовлена необхідністю пошуку новихкомунікативних технологій для проєктивно-інноваційної діяльності організації в соціокультурних умовах, щозмінюються. Проєктне мислення завжди спрямоване на виявлення того що може і має бути в майбутньому.Перспективно-орієнтаційна та нормувальна складові проєктного мислення мають перебувати у діалектичнійєдності, уникаючи перетворення проєкту на утопію, а також застерігаючи від інших крайнощів, пов’язаних з йогонадмірною формалізацією. Неформальна комунікація як ненормативні соціальні зв’язки стимулюють пошукрозкриття творчого потенціалу співробітників, апробацію нововведень із подальшим закріпленням у формальнійструктурі внаслідок створення умов саморегуляції взаємин у колективі, в яких учасникам простіше обмінюватисяідеями, думками, знаннями.
Social responsibility and green practices in organizational performance: Corporate image as mediating mechanism
Authors: Rodrigues Rosa Isabel , Teixeira Natalia , Luis Ana Lucia , Silva Rui
Published: December 2023

Sustainability-related endeavors are progressively employed to cultivate a favorable business reputation that enhances consumer loyalty and, as a result, enhances organizational performance. This study is situated within a specific research issue and seeks to examine the mediating function of corporate image in the association between social and moral responsibility, green practices in the workplace, and organizational performance. The study sample consisted of 223 individuals who were employed as workers, ranging in age from 18 to 64 years. The study was operationalized using a quantitative methodology. Data were collected through four questionnaires assessing employees' perceptions of social and moral responsibility, green practices in the workplace, corporate image, and the performance of the organization where they work. The results revealed that social and moral responsibility, green practices in the workplace, and corporate image have a significant positive influence on organizational performance. It was also found that when corporate image enters the model with the status of a mediating variable, the effect of social and moral responsibility on organizational performance decreases but remains significant. These results suggest that when organizational performance is evaluated, the importance attributed to corporate image overlaps with social and moral responsibility. This research highlights the importance of cultivating a positive corporate image. It also helps to increase perceptions of the organization's social and environmental responsibility and to strengthen customer loyalty by improving its reputation and fostering higher levels of trust. These improvements can subsequently increase sales, boost profits, and expand the organization's market share.
Comparison of Theory of Mind between Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Stimulant-Induced Depressive Disorder
Authors: Jahromi Leila Razeghian , Tlais Mohammad Ali , Kamar Hassan , Jalali Alireza
Published: December 2023

Objective: Theory of mind (ToM) denotes the ability to understand the mental state of others and perceive their unique beliefs and emotions. In this study, we compared ToM between individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and stimulant-induced depressive disorder (SIDD).
Method: This cross-sectional, causal-comparative study included patients with MDD or SIDD admitted to Ostad Moharary Neuropsychiatric Hospital between January and June 2022. Each diagnosis was confirmed through a semi-structured interview conducted by a single attending psychiatrist according to the DSM-5 criteria. After consecutive sampling of 110 individuals, 51 patients completed the study in each group. Demographic characteristics were recorded, and the Persian version of the revised Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) was used to evaluate ToM. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.25, employing the t-test, chi-squared test, linear regression, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results: Our analysis included 102 subjects (65.7% male) with a mean age of 35.17 ± 7.54 years. The two groups were similar in age, gender, marital status, working status, occupation, economic class, and ethnicity (P > 0.05). The RMET scores were 12.94 ± 4.03 and 11.86 ± 3.15 in the MDD and SIDD groups, respectively (P = 0.135). Almost all patients had low RMET scores (< 22); only two individuals in the MDD group achieved normal scores (22–30). ANCOVA revealed no significant confounding effects between the independent variables. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that the level of education had a significant linear relationship (β = 0.249) with the RMET score (P = 0.021).
Conclusion: Hospitalized patients with MDD and SIDD have similar ToM deficits, as measured by the RMET.
A Study of Emotion Regulation Difficulties, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Experiential Avoidance in Adults with Stuttering: A Comparative Study
Authors: Yaztappeh Jafar Sarani , Lorestani Elahe , Zaheri Younes , Rezaei Mohsen , Mohammadi Hiwa , Kakabraee Keivan , Rajabi Moslem , Kianimoghadam Amir Sam , Fatollahzadeh Saina , Mohebi Mohamad Davood
Published: December 2023

Objective: Stuttering is a type of communication and fluency disorder that hurts mental and emotional health. It is also associated with a significant increase in both trait and social anxiety. Studies on stuttering in adults have indicated the nature and impact of this phenomenon. In addition, some psychological aspects of this phenomenon remain vague and need further investigation. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotion regulation difficulties, repetitive negative thinking, and experiential avoidance between people who stutter and healthy individuals.
Method: In this study, 101 people who stutter (43 females and 58 males, with a mean age of 29.55 ± 187 years), as well as 110 healthy individuals (74 females and 36 males, with a mean age of 25.57 ± 489 years) as participants were chosen using the convenience sampling method among those who referred to the speech therapy clinics of Tehran, Iran. Research instruments including the repetitive negative thinking inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-I) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using multivariate ANOVA test and Multiple Regression Analysis.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.55 years in the people who stutter and 25.57 years in the healthy individuals (P < 0.01). The present results indicated that the mean score of experiential avoidance was higher in the people who stutter (M ± SD: 35.74 ± 9.24) compared to the healthy individuals (M ± SD: 8.89 ± 31.11). Additionally, the mean score of emotion regulation difficulties was higher in the people who stutter (M ± SD: 88.75 ± 20.59) compared to the healthy individuals (M ± SD: 64.14 ± 94.94) (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the mean score of repetitive negative thinking between the people who stutter (M ± SD: 98.45 ± 25.85) and healthy individuals (M ± SD: 93.71 ± 25.24) groups (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between experiential avoidance and emotion regulation difficulties in people who stutter (P < 0.01). Experiential avoidance and repetitive negative thinking can significantly predict emotion regulation difficulties in people who stutter (R = 0.65, P < 0.01).
Conclusion: People who stutter obtained higher emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance scores than those without stuttering and A significant correlation between experiential avoidance and emotion regulation difficulties was found. Future studies should consider the role of emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance in people who stutter.
The Relationship between Gene SLC6A3 Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) and Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Seymari Abbas , Naseh Ashkan , Rezaei Sajjad , Salehi Zivar , Kousha Maryam
Published: December 2023

Objective: This research investigates the alleles of Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) intron 8 of the gene SLC6A3 with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents.
Method: The study’s target population consisted of children and adolescents referred to the specialized clinic, as well as students attending school in Rasht city during 2021-2022. A sample of 95 children between the ages of 6 and 10 with ADHD was selected as the ADHD group, and 95 healthy children were selected as the control group using purposive sampling. The subjects completed the Child Symptom Inventory-4 (CSI-4) checklist after a clinical interview, and demographic information was collected. Genetic sampling was carried out through hair follicles. The sequence of interest was proliferated using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique )PCR(; afterward, the samples were used for genotype identification on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Results: The chi-square test results indicated that the 5R / 5R genotype (P = 0.026, χ2 = 7.26) and the 5R allele (P = 0.002, χ2 = 9.35) had a higher frequency compared to the control group. Additionally, the odds ratio test indicated that, compared to other genotypes and alleles, the 5R / 5R genotype (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.29-5.82, P = 0.01) and the 5R allele (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.28-3.19, P = 0.002) increase the odds of developing ADHD by 2.7 and 2 times higher, respectively.
Conclusion: The present study successfully showed the association between intron 8 gene polymorphism, which is responsible for encoding the dopamine transporter as well as ADHD in children and adolescents in Iran.
The Concept of Prosociality in Later Life and Its Dimensions: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ramezani Tahereh , Zanjari Nasibeh , Rafiey Hassan , Delbari Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify various aspects and dimensions of the prosociality concept in later life as an important concept that gains significance in people as they age. This concept has been expressed through a variety of dimensions in different studies.
Method: This is a scoping review of the relevant literature on the concept of prosociality and its dimensions in later life, including quantitative and qualitative studies. The required data were collected from Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases between the years 1987 and 2022.
Results: First, 877 articles were identified, and after the screening phase, 57 eligible studies were reviewed. Two main categories, prosocial dispositions and prosocial behaviors, and seven subcategories were extracted. The subcategories of prosocial dispositions include empathy, prosocial norms, innate tendencies, and generative desires. Prosocial behaviors subcategories include informal spontaneous helping, formal planned helping, and pro-environmental behaviors.
Conclusion: The various aspects and dimensions of the prosociality concept in later life identified in this study can be used as a basis for assessing and planning the promotion of prosociality among older adults.
Editorial – Optogenetic Therapy for Retinal Degenerative Diseases
Authors: Soheila Soheili Zahra-
Published: December 2023

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML.
Clinical Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-assisted Implantation of 325-Degree Versus 340-Degree Arc Length Intracorneal Ring Segments in Naive Keratoconic Eyes
Authors: Faramarzi Amir , Hassanpour Kiana , Mazouchi Marjan , Einollahi Bahram , Feizi Sepehr , Esfandiari Hamed , Sadoughi Mohammad-Mehdi , Moshirfar Majid
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To evaluate and compare clinical outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted implantation of 325-degree versus 340-degree arc length intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) in eyes with keratoconus (KCN). Methods: In this prospective non-randomized interventional case series, 23 eyes of 21 patients diagnosed with KCN, underwent femtosecond laser-assisted implantation of two types of ICRS, which included a 325-degree ICRS (Group 325) and a 340-degree ICRS (Group 340). The primary outcome measures were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and the secondary outcome measures included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), sphere, cylinder, mean refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), keratometry, vectorial change in corneal astigmatism, and the location of maximum keratometry relative to the corneal apex. The study groups were compared using the primary and secondary outcome measures obtained at postoperative months six and 12. Results: Groups 325 and 340 consisted of 10 and 13 eyes, respectively. The two groups were comparable in terms of parameters measured preoperatively. On comparison to the baseline values, both study groups exhibited a significant increase in UDVA and CDVA measured at postoperative month six (Ps < 0.05) and a significant decrease in the sphere, cylinder, spherical equivalent refraction, and keratometry readings measured at postoperative months six and 12 (Ps < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of visual, refractive, and keratometric outcomes at any time point. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed in any of the study groups. Conclusion: Both the 325-degree ICRS and the 340-degree ICRS effectively and equally improved visual, refractive, and keratometric outcomes in keratoconic eyes.
The Repeatability of Axial Length Measurements Using a Scheimpflug-based System
Authors: Sardari Sara , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , Jafarzadehpur Ebrahim , Fotouhi Akbar
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To assess the repeatability of Pentacam AXL as a Scheimpflug-based system or measuring axial length according to the age, sex, lens type, axial length value, and type of cataract. Methods: The present study was conducted using multistage cluster sampling in Tehran, Iran. Ocular biometry was performed, using the Pentacam AXL, by an experienced optometrist on all the participants. The axial length (AL) measurements were taken thrice, with a gap of 10 minutes. To evaluate the repeatability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the repeatability coefficient (RC) were calculated. To determine the significant difference in the repeatability index among study variables, the tolerance index (TI) was calculated. Results: In this report, 897 eyes of 677 individuals aged between 20 and 91 years (mean ± SD: 64.90 ± 13.62 years) were reported. The ICC of the axial length measurements was 0.981 for all cases. Based on the within-subject standard deviation, the RC was 0.401. The ICC was 0.976 and 0.985 in men and women, respectively. The TI showed better RC of measurements among females. The ICC decreased from 0.999 in participants under 40 years to 0.973 in individuals over 60 years of age. The TI showed a decrease in RC with advancing age. The RC was worse in eyes with nuclear cataracts; the RC was also worse in the first quartile of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to the other SNR quartiles. Conclusion: The Scheimpflug-based system Pentacam AXL had high repeatability in measuring axial length. Some variables such as male gender, older age, and nuclear cataract were associated with reduced repeatability of the measurements. A higher SNR was associated with better repeatability of the axial length measurements.
Enlightening the Correlation of Polymorphisms at FTO, LEP and LEPR Genes with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Golshan-Tafti Mohammad , Aarafi Hossein , Hajizadeh Nazanin , Dastgheib Seyed Alireza , Bahrami Reza , Karimi-Zarchi Mojgan , Aghasipour Maryam , Abbasi Hajar , Azizi Sepideh , Shiri Amirmasoud , Azod Leila , Neamatzadeh Hossein
Published: December 2023

Background: The adverse outcomes correlated with GDM for both the mother and the offspring are diverse. The link between polymorphisms at fat mass and obesity‐correlated protein (FTO), leptin (LEP), and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes and GDM is ambiguous. In this meta-analysis, we sought to investigate the correlation of FTO, LEP, and LEPR polymorphisms with GDM risk.
Methods: We performed an online search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to identify all relevant research.
Results: A total of 18 case-control studies including seven research with 893 cases and 2875 controls on FTO rs9939609, four research with 1345 cases and 1116 controls on FTO rs8050136, two research with 207 cases and 205 controls on FTO rs1421085, three studies with 529 cases and 581 controls on LEP rs7799039, and two research with 480 cases and 477 controls on LPER rs1137101 met our criteria. Combined data illustrated that the FTO rs9939609 and rs8050136 were correlated with a substantial risk of GDM in the overall population, but not FTO rs1421085. Furthermore, LEP rs2167270 and rs7799039 polymorphisms were not correlated with GDM risk. Sorted analyses illustrated that the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism was correlated with GDM in Caucasian women.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis results illustrated that the FTO rs9939609 and rs8050136 were correlated with a substantial risk of GDM, but not FTO rs1421085, LEP rs7799039, and LPER rs1137101. Larger and more rigorous studies among different ethnicities are needed to further evaluate the correlations with GDM.
Patients with Gaucher Disease Type 1 and Their Outcome: A Case Series
Authors: Mirhosseini Naser Ali , Saeida-Ardekani Maryam , Mirhosseini Shima
Published: December 2023

Background: Gaucher disease is the most common lysosomal storage disease. Defective activity of the acid β-glucosidose which is encoded by the GBA1 gene, leads to the accumulation of excess amounts of the glucosyl ceramide lipid. Gaucher disease is clinically classified into three variants based on the relative degree and progression of neurological involvement. Gaucher disease type 1 manifests markedly variable phenotypes ranging from asymptomatic individuals to children who have massive hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and severe skeletal abnormalities.
Case Report: We report a case series of four patients with Gaucher disease type 1 with variable clinical manifestations treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). In follow-up, three patients showed visceral and hematological improvements, while one case did not respond to ERT and died due to liver failure.
Conclusion: Gaucher disease should be considered with differential diagnosis of patients with unexplained organomegaly, who bruise easily and have bone pain which can be treated with ERT.
Smart Disaster Mitigation: The Role of IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: Nur Laily  , Juwita Sari  , Muktar Redy Susila
Published: December 2023

This prototype output research has the aim of creating a dashboard that is used to monitor river water levels. The dashboard created will display data in real-time and prediction results. The use of the dashboard is to minimize the risk in the event of flooding caused by river overflow. The way this prototype works is to take data from sensors that have been installed at several points. The recorded data will be stored in a database using the working principles of the Internet of Things. For predictions, machine learning is used to produce future river water level figures. The machine learning used is using time series regression with rainfall input and river water level output. Long-term output data is needed, therefore to forecast future rainfall the Hybrid method is used. Data generated from sensors as well as from prediction results are stored in one database. From the database, data visualization is displayed along with important figures used for river overflow intelligence. Therefore, the dashboard is very useful for people living around the river flow.
Implementation of Risk Management in Murabahah Financing at BPRS in Aceh Province
Authors: Zahri Muhammad , Busra  , Nasir Muhammad
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the extent of risk management is implemented in murabahah financing at BPRS in Aceh Province before and after the implementation of POJK No.23/POJK.03/2018. Before the POJK came into effect, BPRS did not have specific regulations regarding the implementation of risk management and were guided by the internal regulations of each BPRS, whereas after POJK No.23/POJK.03/2018 came into effect, BPRS were obliged to follow the regulations in this regulation, in this case the Financial Services Authority (OJK) regarding the implementation of risk management and must update the internal regulations of each BPRS to adapt to the POJK. This research uses primary data, namely information from interviews with parties who carry out risk management and documentation from the BPRS in Aceh Province. Methodology used is a qualitative descriptive research, and then collecting the data obtained then interpreting and analyzing it so that it can provide information that is used to solve the problems faced. The research results show that the application of risk management to murabahah financing at BPRS in Aceh Province before POJK No.23/POJK.03/2018 came into effect obtained the highest score is 94% and the lowest 61%. And Then after POJK No.23/POJK.03/2018 came into effect, there were significant changes with the highest average value being 100% and the lowest 80% assessed based on indicators in accordance with OJK provisions. The implications of implementing risk management for murabahah financing, if it is not implemented correctly, is the potential risk of financing problems and the level of BPRS soundness decreasing.
Effectiveness of Ovitrap as a Control Tool Population Aedes Spp. In Areas Endemic to Dengue Fever Ternate City
Authors: Sumiati Tomia  , UPIK KESUMAWATI HADI  , Yusuf SUSI SOVIANA , Hartati ELOK BUDI RETNANI
Published: December 2023

The mosquito ovitrap is often used in dengue fever (DF) vector surveillance, but it has never been reported in control programs to reduce the vector population. This study aims to determine the ovitrap effectiveness as a vector control instrument for DF. The research was carried out from January to March 2021 in Bastiong Talangame Village, one of the DF endemic villages, which is a densed settlement in Ternate City. This research was a quantitative pre-experimental design type one group pre-test and post-test . Measurement of the density of Aedes spp. larvae presented in the House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), and Breteau Index (BI) were carried out four times before and after ovitrap installation. The installation of ovitraps was carried out in 100 houses, where four ovitraps were installed in each house with an installation time of four weeks. The results showed that the ovitrap index value decreased until it reached the moderate category in the last week of observation. The density of larvae based on the calculation of HI, CI, BI showed a significant decrease (p = 0.0001) before and after ovitrap installation, with the density figure value of the high category being the medium category. The use of ovitrap was effective in reducing the population of Aedes spp. so it should be considered in the dengue vector control strategy