bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminal Insanity, Psychosis and Impaired Reality Testing in Norwegian Law
Authors: Gröning Linda , Haukvik Unn Kristin , Melle Karl Heinrik
Published: September 2019

How mental disorder relates to criminal insanity is a contested matter. Norway has a tradition of using a ‘medical model’ for the definition of criminal insanity that is unique in an international perspective. According to this model, insanity is determined only in relation to a medical criterion, so that all that is required is the presence of a qualifying mental disorder. Criminal insanity is, under the current rule, equated with psychosis, although this rule has recently been subject to a law reform.

This article explains and discusses this medical model by gathering together legal, forensic, and clinical empirical perspectives on the legal meaning and relevance of psychosis. The article will provide an explanation of the background of the medical model in Norwegian law, and the justifications for tying criminal insanity to psychosis. It will also explain how criminal insanity is operationalised in forensic practice, and discuss the legal conceptualisation of psychosis from a medical perspective. A main conclusion is that the legal meaning of psychosis is unclear, and the authors describe several challenges in legal and forensic practice. The authors emphasise the need for further knowledge development in the intersection between law and medicine.
The Insanity Defence: How Do We Handle Doubt?
Authors: Rosenqvist Randi
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses how the legal definition of criminal insanity has been altered several times in the Norwegian criminal law, most recently in June 2019. There are difficulties in communicating between psychiatric experts, legal experts, and lay judges, since the description and understanding of psychotic cognition as well as the definition of legal terms are not equally understood.

Not all insanity cases are clear-cut. The Norwegian forensic experts must not conclude that the charged person is considered ‘psychotic’ in the legal sense if they are not clinically sure of this. The courts, on the other hand, must not conclude that a person is ‘sane’ if there is doubt about this. This paper discusses how there is little practical knowledge of how experts and courts handle such doubts, and highlights the lack of discussion of these questions in the legal sources.
Criminal Insanity: Concepts and Evidence
Authors: Løvlie Anders
Published: September 2019

The article presents an analytical model of possible legal concepts of criminal insanity and highlights evidential aspects of these concepts. The framework is used to differentiate between insanity rules from different jurisdictions, and to explain the recent amending of the Norwegian rule on criminal insanity. The arguments made are general and of relevance to all types of legal regulations on divergent mental states.
Criminal Responsibility and Challenges in the Criminal Justice System for People with Intellectual Disability in Norway
Authors: Søndenaa Erik , Friestad Christine , Storvik Birgitte , Johnsen Berit
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this article is to present and discuss Norwegian legislation concerning intellectual disability and criminal responsibility. Current legislation has an internationally unique feature, in that the rules governing criminal responsibility are based on what is known as the medical principle. This implies that criminal responsibility is determined by the defendant’s mental health status at the time of the crime. Norwegian criminal law does not require any causal or correlational relationship between the mental condition and the crime, as do most other jurisdictions. A brief description of historical perspectives and the Norwegian criminal justice system with regard to offenders with intellectual disabilities is also included.
Introduction
Authors: Gröning Linda , Jacobsen Jørn
Published: September 2019

Introduction.
An industry-inspired civil engineering curriculum
Authors: Turnbull Barbara
Published: September 2019

This paper describes the design of an undergraduate civil engineering curriculum that uses industry approaches to personal professional development and problem-based learning to educate the graduates that industry needs. In contrast to traditional module-based assessment, this curriculum is assessed at a programme level, enabling evaluation of professional skills from early on. This also give coherence across the curriculum, with reduced assessment loads of improved quality. Educators have been allowed to focus on educating students in their broad understanding and skills, which will benefit their long-term employability and adaptability.
Transforming delivery of Water Street Bridge abutment in London, UK through innovation
Authors: Courtney Alastair
Published: September 2019

This paper describes the innovative temporary works used for abutment construction of a moveable bridge in London’s Docklands. Completed in 2019, the 27 m span Water Street Bridge and its approach causeway connect the Canary Wharf estate to the new Wood Wharf development on a reclaimed island site. Using strand-jacking, grout-bag seals, heavy temporary steelwork and innovative use of permanent works, the contractor-designed solution for delivering the bascule span abutment transformed a marine operation into a land-based one. The challenging logistics required careful planning and collaboration with all stakeholders to meet the programme and client brief, ensuring a safe, high-quality outcome.
Multiobjective optimization of sustainable turning process using TOPSIS method
Authors: Sivaiah Potta , Uma Bodicherla
Published: September 2019

The minimum-quantity-lubrication (MQL) cooling machining technique is an environmental damage-free manufacturing process. It is very complicated to determine the optimum cutting conditions for multiple-response problems. In the present work, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) coupled with the Taguchi method was applied for the selection of optimum cutting conditions in the turning of 17-4 precipitated hardenable stainless steel under MQL. In this experimental investigation, the turning process parameters considered were cutting velocity (v), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (d), while the output responses were surface roughness (R a) and tool flank wear (V b). From the optimization study, it was found that v = 54 m/min, f = 0·096 mm/revolution and d = 0·2 mm were the optimum cutting conditions. From the conformation test results, it was observed that the optimum cutting conditions determined by the Taguchi-coupled TOPSIS method reduced R a and V b by 19·2 and 69%, respectively. The analysis of variance results showed that the turning performance was largely influenced by the feed rate. Linear regression analysis was also carried out to predict the responses as a function of input process variables.
Effect of additives on carbon dioxide uptake and compressive strength of dry-cast concrete
Authors: Matalkah Faris , Jaradat Yaser , Soroushian Parviz , Weerasiri Rankothge
Published: September 2019

The main thrust of the work reported herein is to study the effect of chemical additives to make beneficial use of carbon dioxide in enhancing the compressive strength of dry-cast concrete. The additives used in this investigation were calcium and magnesium oxides and silicates, nickel oxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate and strontium chloride. The experimental results showed that both the carbonation reactions and the compressive strength of dry-cast concrete mixtures were improved when using chemical additives. Experimental investigations for optimisation were also undertaken with selected additives to further increase the carbon dioxide uptake and improve the compressive strength. The best results were obtained when using calcium silicate in combination with calcium oxide. The early-age compressive strength of specimens made from the optimised mixture increased from 9·82 MPa to 13·32 MPa, and the specimens’ carbon dioxide uptake increased from 8·76% to 10·62% of cement weight.
A Study on the Influence of Sense of Virtual Reality Contents on Experiential Value, Satisfaction and Visit Intention
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, An So-Hyun , Lee Choong-Ki
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the sense stimulation of VR affects experiential value and satisfaction, which, in turn, would influence visit intention to the destination featured in the VR. To this end, data were collected from visitors at a travel fair and a VR experience zone. The results of this study indicate that sense had a positive impact on experiential value (composed of extrinsic and intrinsic value), which brought about a positive impact on satisfaction in both the travel fair and VR experience zone. Satisfaction also positively affected intention to visit. The results of this study show that sensory stimuli at the travel fair had a strong impact on intrinsic value, whereas sensory stimuli at the VR experience zone had a strong impact on extrinsic value. In addition, both models at the travel fair and the VR experience zone revealed that intrinsic value had a greater effect on satisfaction than extrinsic value. The findings of this study contribute theoretically and practically to the VR tourism contents area.
Gaziantep’te kentleşme ve kentsel nüfusun dağılışı
Authors: ALİAĞAOĞLU Alpaslan , KOYUNCU Atilla
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada Gaziantep Kenti’ndeki kentleşme süreci 19272018 dönemi boyunca ele alınmakta ve kentli nüfusun dağılım düzeni mahalle ölçeğinde ortaya konulmaktadır. Çalışmanın esas amacı, Gaziantep’in kent olarak şekillenmesinde etkili olan faktörleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bunun yanı sıra, kentte nüfusun dağılış düzenini ele alarak kentin potansiyel gelişim alanlarını belirlemektir. Böylece kent nüfusunun gelecekteki dağılışının kontrol edilmesi veya kentin potansiyel gelişim alanlarının tespit edilmesi nüfusun dağılım düzeninin ortaya konulmasıyla daha da kolay olabilecektir. Elde edilen bulgular, Gaziantep Kenti’nin Türkiye kentleşme hareketlerinin tarihsel süreçte geçirdiği gelişmeleri sergilemesi yanında kendine has bazı özellikler de taşıdığını göstermektedir. Çalışmada kentsel nüfusun dağılımını göstermek için nüfus miktarı ve yoğunluğu haritaları yapılmıştır. Buna göre kentin çekirdek kısmında yer alan mahalleler nüfus kaybetmişlerdir. Bunun en önemli nedeni bu mahallelerin merkezi iş sahası sınırları içerisinde yer alması sebebiyle konut dışı kullanım alanlarının fazla olmasıyla ilişkilidir. Kentin kenarında bulunan mahalleler ise nüfus kazanmışlardır. Bu nüfus artışı daha çok 1980 sonrası kente yapılan göçlerle gerçekleşmiştir. Kente göçle gelen kesimin mahalle tercihlerinde hemşerilik bağları gibi ağ ilişkileri önemli rol oynamıştır. Günümüzde kentin güneyindeki mahalleler nüfusun en fazla olduğu yerleşmelerdir. Bunun sebebi, Gaziantep Üniversitesi’nin ve Tıp Fakültesinin bu bölgede konumlanmış olması, kentin bu istikamette gelişmesi, yeterli talep gören arazi varlığı ve TOKİ uygulamalarıdır.
Edebiyat coğrafyası; Elif Şafak romanlarının coğrafi terim ve mekân analizleri
Authors: KAÇMAZ Muhammet , KAÇMAZ Perihan
Published: September 2019

Yeryüzü ve insan arasındaki etkileşimi inceleyen coğrafyanın bilimsel önemi kimi zaman tartışma konusu yapılsa da coğrafya tarihin akışını etkilemeye, insanların bireysel ve toplumsal yaşamlarını şekillendirmeye devam etmiş, mekânın insanı ve de insanın mekânı değiştirmesini anlamada bir yol gösterici olarak insanlığa her daim faydalı olmuştur. Günümüzde teknoloji ve bilişim alanındaki gelişmeler coğrafyanın bilimsel önemini yeniden arttırmakla birlikte coğrafya bilimini asıl önemli kılan faktör coğrafyanın diğer bilim dalları ile olan sıkı etkileşimidir. Bu etkileşim sahalarından biri de coğrafya ve edebiyatın buluşma noktası olan edebiyat coğrafyasıdır. Nitekim coğrafyacı da yazar da içinde bulunduğu toplumun, mekânın özelliklerini ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkileri sürekli gözlemler ve analiz eder. Romanlarda yer alan dünya, ülkeler, şehirler, kasaba ve köyler ile insanı ilgilendiren birçok konu doğal olarak coğrafyanın da konuları içerisinde yer almaktadır. İyi ya da tanınan, tartışılan yazar olmak için ülke ve dünya meselelerini romanlara taşımak en doğru yöntemlerden biridir. Yazarlar coğrafyanın gerçekçi ve güçlü yanını kullanarak etkili bir anlatım dili oluştururlar. Bu sayede yazarlar fikirlerini ya da analizlerini çok daha geniş kitlelere ulaştırma imkânı elde eder. Akademik olarak dile getirilen birçok coğrafi mesele; akademik kitap, makale ya da bildiri olarak ilgili çevrelere takdim edilse de sınırlı sayıda kişiye erişebilmektedir. Oysaki benzer konuları yazarlar romanlarında ele aldığında çok daha geniş kitlelere ulaştırma imkânı bulmaktadır. Bu nedenle romanlardaki coğrafyayı keşfetmek ve teşvik etmek coğrafyanın öneminin anlaşılmasına ve etkisinin artmasına büyük katkı sağlayacaktır. Edebiyat coğrafyası uluslararası literatürde de yeni gelişen bir alan olarak ancak son yıllarda ilgi ve dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada Elif Şafak’ın romanları coğrafi merkezli okuma yöntemi ile incelenmiş, incelenen romanlar için coğrafi terim ile mekân veri tabanları oluşturulmuştur. Veri tabanları Acces programı ile hazırlanmış olup romanlarda geçen yerler Arc.GIS 10 yazılımı ile haritalandırılmıştır. Veri tabanları ve haritalardan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda romanların coğrafi terim ve mekân analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Images about Their Past and Future Classrooms: Scratches from Indonesian Teacher Training Program at Islamic University
Authors: IMADUDDİN Muhamad , ZUHAİDA Anggun , HİDAYAH Fitria Fatichatul
Published: September 2019

This study explores the science class
experiences of pre-service science teachers (PSTs) and reveals their images of
own future classrooms. In addition, the discussion leads to the relationship
between teaching style based on their images, gender, the type of educational
background, the meaningfulness of science subjects, the response to school
teacher’s classroom in the past, and the desire to be a science teacher in the
future. This study involved 176 first-year pre-service science teachers taking
the teacher training program at two Islamic Universities. Data collection used
the modified Draw-A-Science Teacher Test Checklist (DASTT-C) instrument. The
results showed that the teaching style drawn by pre-service teachers was
dominated by teacher-centered (65%), neither student-centered nor
teacher-centered (24%), and student-centered (11%). There is no significant
relationship between teaching style and gender, the type of institution at the
previous level, the meaningfulness of science subjects, and the desire to be a
science teacher in the future, but the description of their teaching style has
a significant relationship with their responses to school-science teachers’
instruction. The response of PSTs to their past learning leads to how they
present the future learning environment.
Development of Physics-Tier Tests (PysTT) to Measure Students' Conceptual Understanding and Creative Thinking Skills: A Qualitative Synthesis
Authors: PUTRANTA Himawan , SUPAHAR Supahar
Published: September 2019

This paper is based on the background of the
problem of the low high order thinking skills in students, especially in the skills
to think creatively and conceptual understanding. Conceptual understanding that
students have in relation to physics learning material has an important role in
developing students' high order thinking skills in solving problems of daily
life creatively. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative
research method with literature studies. The results of this study were
obtained a synthesis of physics-tier tests (PysTT) to measure conceptual
understanding and students' creative thinking skills, which are the basis for
the development of physics-tier tests (PysTT) based on real-life problems experienced
by students realistically. In addition, the physics-tier (PysTT) tests is also
one of the assessment instruments whose development is based on aspects of
students' conceptual understanding of physics matter in everyday problems by
prioritizing aspects of identifying and formulating problems, identifying
scientific evidence and phenomena, drawing conclusions, and communicating
conclusions creative. These aspects must be actualized by students in their
lives in the present and in the future that are useful for mutual benefit.
Effect of Application Smart Circuit Learning Media to Mathematics Learning Outcomes: A Case Study of Islamic School Students
Authors: HUDA Syamsul , SHOLİKHAKH Rizqi Amaliyakh , BİNA Nuraini Sri , LESTARİ Fitria , HABİBİ Beni , SUHARSO Putut
Published: September 2019

One
of the supporting factors for success in the learning process is the use of
learning media. One of the existing learning media but not yet fully used is
smart circuit learning media. In this study used quantitative experimental
methods, data analysis using statistical formula. The population in this study
were all seventh grade students in the even semester of Junior High School of SMP
Negeri 25 Bandar Lampung in the academic year 2018/2019. The population is
spread in 7 classes. Two classes were sampled, namely class VII C as the
experimental class and VII D as the control class. Sampling uses techniques cluster random sampling. Based on the results of
research that the authors describe that results tcount = 2,93 from the distribution
table at the level 5% known ttable = 1,99 and at the level 1% known
ttable = 2,65. Proven tcount > ttable so
that it can be concluded that there is an influence of the application of smart
circuit learning media to the mathematics learning outcomes and the average
mathematics learning outcomes that apply smart circuit learning media are
higher than the average results Mathematics learning students who apply
conventional learning media to class VII students in the even semester at Junior High School of
SMP Negeri 25 Bandar Lampung.
Epistemology Philosophy Development of Assessment Instruments Student Chemistry Learning Outcomes
Authors: HADARAH Hadarah , TULHIKMAH Rapiah
Published: September 2019

The Eepistemology for the development of an
instrument for evaluating chemistry learning outcomes requires that the
preparation starts from the basic competence in determining the indicators that
will be assessed, through the development of the instrument lattice, which will
be exposed in detail about the items of the instrument to
be prepared. The role of ontology examines the nature of the reality of the
object of knowledge, axiology as a value theory related to the usefulness of
knowledge. The phenomenon is that there are still many teachers who have not
followed standard procedures in the preparation and development of learning
instruments, the teacher does not make a grid as a guide for making questions.
As a result, students are lazy to learn because the learning outcomes obtained
are not in accordance with the ability level of students. This type of research
is the development or research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE model,
to develop and design an instrument for evaluating the learning outcomes of
class XI science students in chemistry state senior high school (SMA ) 5
Takalar City with a focus on cognitive, affective, and psychomotor dimensions
that produce valid and reliable instruments.
Discriminant Analysis of Psycho-Social Predictors of Mathematics Achievement of Gifted Students in Nigeria
Authors: DADA Oluseyi , AKPAN Samuel Matthew
Published: September 2019

The disturbing issue of Mathematics underachievement among gifted
students seems more like a mystery than a reality and therefore calls for
urgent intervention. This is why this study was motivated to investigate the
psycho-social predictors that are reliable in discriminating potential
achievers and underachieving gifted students in Mathematics. The study is a
causal comparative study of 154 gifted SSII students purposively selected
through multi-stage screening form 15 secondary schools in Calabar education
zone, Cross River State, Nigeria. The discriminant analysis was used to answer
the four research questions set to guide the study. There were three main
instruments used in the study; the adapted Slosson Intelligence Test Revised
(SIT-R r= 0.89) edition, Psycho-Social Scale for Adolescent (PSSA; r=.72, .69,
.76, .78, .68, .73 and .73 for the sub-scales) and Mathematics Achievement Test
(MAT; r=.78).The result of the data analysis revealed that selected
psycho-social variables: Mathematics
self-efficacy, Mathematics interest, Mathematics task commitment, peer
influence, parental influence and Mathematics career aspiration) significantly
and reliably
predict and classify gifted students into Mathematics potential achievers and
underachievers with the exception of the
students’ general intelligence. The findings show that there are more gifted Mathematics underachievers (N= 82;
53.3%) than gifted potential Mathematics achievers (N= 72; 46.7%). It also shows
that 100% of the gifted underachievers and potential achievers were perfectly
classified.
Improving Competency Management of Public Health Center In Indonesia Using The Problem Based Learning Model
Authors: SALİM Agus , SETYOSARİ Punaji , KAMDİ Waras , DASNA İ Wayan
Published: September 2019

The ineffectiveness of the existing training
model in Indonesia, especially for remote area health center managers, needs to
develop a Problem Based Learning model that is appropriate to the problems in
the area. The methodological approach taken in this study is a quasi-experimental,
pre-posttest control design. The study subjects consisted of 26 Public Health
Centre heads from remote areas in South Sulawesi Province. The data collection
instrument used was pre-posttest with Alpha Cronbach reliability coefficient of
0.938. The results showed that group competencies taught with Problem Based
Learning (mean=88.72) were better than group competencies taught by direct
learning methods (mean=73.33). Improved test results showed a significant
difference between the experimental group and the control group (p=022). The
correlation coefficient between the post-test score and the answer score of the
Problem Based Learning worksheet shows positive significance (p=0,000). The use
of Problem Based Learning in teaching planning material results in the planning
of community health centers in accordance with the problems found in the
working area
The laboratory protocol: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of a hevein-like gene into asparagus leads to stem wilt resistance v1
Authors: Chen Helong
Published: September 2019

The laboratory protocol's aim is to develop a genetic transformation system for asparagus and apply transgenic technology to obtain transgenic plantlets through A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Analysis of disease resistance and determination of physiological indexes confirmed that the transgenic lines represented a new germplasm source for breeding high yielding, disease-resistant Asparagus varieties.
Decreased risk of Parkinson’s disease in diabetic patients with thiazolidinediones therapy: A exploratory meta-analysis v1
Authors: Zhu Yueli , Pu Jiali , Chen Yanxing , Zhang Baorong
Published: September 2019

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent and complex neurodegenerative disorder with prominent loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability are the four classical motor symptoms. PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The annual incidence is 14/100 000 of the total population in Europe and the Americas, while the rate increased to 160/100 000 in people aged over 65 years. The incidence is similar in Asia. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists, can improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood glucose level for patients with type 2 diabetes. Recently, accumulating experiments indicated that TZDs could exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in a series of PD animal models. Nevertheless, one randomized controlled trial (RCT) indicated that pioglitazone is unlikely to be able to slow the disease progression in early PD patients without diabetes. To date, several cohort studies have assessed the association between the TZDs use and the incidence of PD in diabetic patients, but with controversial results. Thererfore, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of TZDs in reducing PD risk among diabetic patients.
EU Single Market(s) after Brexit
Authors: Egan Michelle
Published: September 2019

This article focuses on the European single market, which has been one of the central issues in terms of the impacts of Britain’s withdrawal from the EU. As the aim of the single market project is to open the internal borders of the EU to the free movement of goods, services, capital, and labor to create cross-jurisdictional markets, the economic and political effects of Brexit will be widespread, if not yet fully understood, outside the British polity. The article looks at the current state of the single market, then highlights the impact of British withdrawal on economic governance, focusing on different market freedoms, given the degree of trade interdependence and integrated supply chains that have evolved in response to changes in goods and services. One of the lessons from Brexit negotiations is the importance of distinguishing between different single market(s) when assessing the impact of British ‘exit’ on member states. The concluding section focuses on the political safeguards of market integration to manage the relationship between the UK and EU, to illustrate how judicial, market, and institutional safeguards create options and constraints in mitigating the effects of ‘exit’.
The Impact of Brexit on EU Trade Policy
Authors: De Ville Ferdi , Siles-Brügge Gabriel
Published: September 2019

There has been increased interest in trade policy following the UK’s EU membership referendum. However, relatively little scholarly analysis has been produced on how Brexit will affect EU trade policy. Instead, the received wisdom has been that Brexit will shift the EU’s trade policy position in a less liberal direction. This is based on a ‘static’ analysis where the UK variable is simply removed from the figurative ‘function’ determining EU trade policy. We argue that this neglects the potential role of more ‘dynamic’ effects. First, the negotiations to determine the nature of the EU–UK future economic partnership are likely to involve a lengthy process with a still uncertain, and possibly evolving, destination. The outcome and process of arriving there will influence how economic operators and policymakers adapt their preferences and behaviour, including through possible relocation and the formation of new alliances. This will shape EU trade policy in potentially counterintuitive ways. Second, the absence of clear material structures from which actors can ‘read’ their interests highlights the importance of considering the role of ideas and political framing. How the vote for and consequences of Brexit are interpreted will likely shape what is considered an appropriate policy response. Examining EU trade policy since the Brexit vote, the article finds that rather than push the EU in a more illiberal direction, the referendum result has been used to reinforce the European Commission’s external liberalisation agenda. The Commission’s discursive response to Brexit and Donald Trump has been to portray the EU as a champion of free trade in an era of global populism.
What Common Agricultural Policy after Brexit?
Authors: Roederer-Rynning Christilla , Matthews Alan
Published: September 2019

Suppose we were in 2028: what would the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) look like then? Would it be significantly different from the policy we know today? How, and why? And to what extent would Brexit have catalyzed these changes? The CAP is one of the founding policies of the EU and a strategic lever to address critical 21st century challenges such as climate change and the rising demand for food at the global level. It also has an important role in Europe to address the growing urban-rural divide and its potentially destabilizing impact on European politics. In this article, we examine the impact of Brexit from a political-economic perspective emphasizing the multi-level context within which the CAP is embedded. As an EU member state, the UK found a way to partly accommodate the CAP to its needs even though this policy was a source of intense UK dissatisfaction with the EU. Post-Brexit, the budgetary and market implications of the UK’s departure may favour positions that support a return to a more traditional policy of farm income support. On the other hand, more radical farm policies in England and Wales could partly offset these effects by setting the agenda for continued CAP reform, if they are seen to be successful.
Brexit and the EU in Global Climate Governance
Authors: Dupont Claire , Moore Brendan
Published: September 2019

Climate change governance is one of the EU’s priorities. The EU has developed a central (and arguably, a leading) role in global climate governance. The UK has been an important supporter of strong climate action both within the EU and in international climate negotiations. We investigate how/whether the EU’s role in global climate governance will be affected by Brexit by focusing on potential changes in three conditions for EU leadership: (1) credible and ambitious internal climate policy; (2) constant and effective international engagement through climate diplomacy; and (3) the ability to attract followers. We find that the UK has sometimes played the role of a pivotal outlier, either pushing for more internal policy ambition or blocking certain policy options. Brexit is likely to have cumulative effects on the EU’s role in global climate governance over the long term, through a series of changes in internal EU policymaking and climate diplomacy. The speed and scope of these changes depend on the nature of the future UK–EU relationship. We argue that the broader international context and strains on EU unity represent more urgent challenges to the EU’s role in global climate governance than those posed by Brexit.
The Impact of Brexit on EU Development Policy
Authors: Price Sophia
Published: September 2019

Brexit is likely to herald fundamental changes in the operation, scope and practice of EU development policy, due to the UK’s key role in leading and defining the geographical and sectoral remit of policy, and through its provision of large-scale funding. Through a focus on the EU’s relations with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States, this article explores these potential impacts. It highlights the importance of the timing of Brexit in relation to the contemporaneous renegotiation of EU–ACP relations and the EU’s Multiannual Financial Framework and argues that the focus on static impacts of Brexit, in terms of removing the UK from the ‘EU equation’, overlooks the broader dynamics of political economy in which it is situated. Through the analysis of the anticipatory adjustments and discursive dynamics in EU development policy that articulate the pursuit of material interests, the article helps understand both the dynamics of Brexit and the broader transformations in which it is located.
Pengaruh Lama Autoclave Terhadap Kualitas Kimia Wheat Pollard Yang Berpotensi Sebagai Prebiotik
Authors: Utama Cahya Setya , Zuprizal Zuprizal Zuprizal , Hanim Chusnul , Wihandoyo Wihandoyo
Published: September 2019

Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh lama pemanasan wheat pollard dengan autoclave untuk mendapatkan monomer-monomer yang berpotensi sebagai prebiotik.  Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar air, abu, lemak kasar, protein kasar, serat kasar dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), selulosa, hemiselulosa, lignin, gross energi, mannosa, arabinosa, glukosa, sukrosa, rafinosa, amilosa, amilum, amilopektin, resisten starch dan profil wheat pollard melalui scanning electron microscope (SEM).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh perlakuan (p<0.05) terhadap kadar air, abu, protein kasar, serat kasar, BETN, NDF, hemiselulosa, lignin, selulosa, gros energi, rafinosa, glukosa, arabinosa, sukrosa, amilosa, amilum, amilopektin, resistan starch namun pada lemak kasar, ADF dan manosa tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0.05). Indikator wheat pollard sebagai prebiotik terlihat dari peningkatan kadar rafinosa, arabinosa dan resistan starch berturut-turut sebesar 0.72% menjadi 3.95%; 0.51% menjadi 1.04%; 0.51% menjadi 1.04% dan 5.28% menjadi 14.15%.  Kesimpulan penelitian adalah wheat pollard yang diautoclave selama 15 menit memberikan komposisi terbaik sebagai prebiotik.The objective of this study was to examine the long-term effect of warming wheat pollard by autoclave to obtain potentially prebiotic monomers. The study used a completely randomized design pattern in the same direction with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The parameters observed were water content, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, extract without nitrogen, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, gross energy, mannosa, arabinose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, amylose, starch, amylopectin, resistance starch and wheat pollard profile through scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that there was a treatment effect (p <0.05) on moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, BETN, NDF, hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose, gros energy, raffinose, glucose, arabinose, sucrose, amylose, starch, amylopectin , resistance starch but in crude fat, ADF and mannose did not have a significant effect (p>0.05). The indicator of wheat pollard as a prebiotic is seen from an increase in raffinose, arabinose and resistance starch levels of 0.72% to 3.95%; 0.51% to 1.04%; 0.51% to 1.04% and 5.28% to 14.15%. The conclusion of the study was that wheat pollard which was autoclaved for 15 minutes gave the best composition as a prebiotic.
Zoledronic acid improves bone mineral density in β-thalassemia patients with osteoporosis: a case control study
Authors: EVRAN OLGUN Mehtap , GÜRKAN Emel , TULİ Abdullah
Published: September 2019

Purpose: This study addresses the efficacy of zoledronic acid treatment in osteoporotic patients with β-thalassemia.Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine thalassemic patients were enrolled in this study. Bone mineral density was measured using Dual energy x-ray absorbtiometry (DEXA), and biochemical markers of osteoporosis in serum and urine were measured at 0, 6, and 12 months of treatment. Patients with thalassemia were randomly received either zoledronic acid 4 mg IV once every six months or calcitriol 0.25 mcg / day for 12 months. A subgroup analysis was also performed according to gonadal status. Results: There were 21 males and 18 females, mean age of 23.1 ± 1.3 and bone age of 16.3±0.35 years. At the end of 12 months, bone mineral densities of the lumbar vertebra and femoral neck significantly increased in the zoledronic acid group. In patients with hypogonadism who received hormone replacement therapy, t-scores significantly increased. Serum NTX levels indicated significant increase in both treatment groups compared with the control group at the end of the treatment. A significant increase was obtained in urinary NTX level in hypogonadal patients who received zoledronic acid, and in serum NTX and IGF-1 levels in normogonadal patients who received calcitriol. Conclusion: In our study, zoledronic acid resulted in significant improvement in bone mineral density and t-scores. This improvement was in correlation with IGF-1 levels.
Ankle isokinetic muscle strength and navicular drop in athletes with medial tibial stress syndrome
Authors: ERCAN Sabriye
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare some anatomical features and ankle isokinetic muscle strength of adolescent athletes with medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) and healthy control group and to examine the adequacy of ‘tibial facial traction theory in the development of MTSS.Materials and Methods: Adolescent athletes who had been diagnosed with MTSS during the season and healthy control group participants were included in the study. Demographic data and training details of the athletes were recorded. The MTSS score was used to determine the severity of the injury. The navicular drop test, lower extremity length measurement, and isokinetic muscle strength measurement were performed. Results: The complaint duration of the patients with MTSS (n:21) was 1.8 ± 1.8 months and the MTSS score was 3.9 ± 2.2. The control group (n:12) and the athletes diagnosed with MTSS had similar demographic characteristics and training details. There was no difference between the groups in terms of navicular drop and lower extremity length. There was no ‘lower extremity difference’ for right and left extremities. According to the results of the isokinetic muscle strength test in plantarflexion and dorsiflexion direction, there was no difference between the groups in terms of muscle strength at both low and high angular speeds. Conclusion: ‘The tibial traction theory’ does not sufficiently explain the pathogenesis of MTSS. Studies which evaluate isokinetic muscle strength and perform real-time dynamic analysis on the track are required to make recommendations for ideal protection and rehabilitation in cases of MTSS.
Tekrarlayan hemoptizi ile başvuran Takayasu arteritli bir erkek olgu
Authors: LİMON Muhammet , GÜLCEMAL Semral , TEZCAN Dilek , YILMAZ Sema
Published: September 2019

Takayasu arteriti, etyolojisi tam olarak bilinmeyen aorta ve ana dalları olmak üzere büyük damarları etkileyen kronik granülomatöz büyük damar vaskülitidir. Takayasu arteritinin başlangıç yaşı 10-40 yaş olup %80-90 oranında kadınlarda görülür. Takayasu arteritinin klinik bulguları değişkendir. Takayasu arteriti kan akımı azalmasına bağlı baş dönmesi, kol ve bacaklarda ağrı, siyanoz, nabızsızlık ve nonspesifik konstitüsyonel semptomlar ile klinik bulgular verebilir. Takayasu arteritinin seyrinde alveolar hemoraji nadir olarak gözlenir. Bu olgu immünsüpresif tedavi ile akciğerde kaviter lezyonun progrese olması ve aspergilloma saptanması nedeniyle sunulmuştur.
Exercise behaviors and insomnia levels of individuals with chronic diseases
Authors: ÜNAL Kevser Sevgi , ERAYDIN Şahizer , TAR Edanur , GÖZÜYEŞİL Ebru
Published: September 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to review the exercise behaviors and insomnia levels of individuals with chronic diseases.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 100 participants. The exercise behaviors of individuals with chronic diseases were evaluated with a questionnaire prepared by the researchers.Results: It was determined that 72% of the participants had no energy to exercise, 63.1% of the participants exercised to stay healthy, 84.3% of the participants walked as a form of exercise with 45.7% of these participants walking with friends. According to the findings, the insomnia level point average of the individuals with chronic diseases was 17.37+4.78 and they suffered from insomnia at a clinical level.Conclusion: It was found that the insomnia levels of individuals with chronic diseases were at a clinical level, they do not exercise due to tiredness and the most preferred exercise type was walking.
Myelolipomatous changes within adrenocortical adenoma
Authors: FIRAT Canan , ERYİĞİT Seda , YENER Serkan , DEMİR Tevfik , BOZKURT Ozan , DEMİR Ömer , TUNA Burçin , YÖRÜKOĞLU Kutsal
Published: September 2019

Myelolipoma is a rare benign tumor which is generally detected incidentally. The tumor consists of mature fat tissue and hematopoietic cells that resemble bone marrow. The coexistence of myelolipoma and non-functional adrenocortical adenoma in the same gland is exceedingly rare. We herein present two cases of adrenal myelolipoma in association with non-functional adrenocortical adenoma in left adrenal gland of a 62-year-old woman and non-functional adrenocortical adenoma combined with myelolipoma and endothelial cyst, in right adrenal gland of a 73-years-old man. Microscopically, in the central of the tumor, there was a myelolipomatous area composed of adipocytes and hematopoietic cells surrounded by sheets of adenoma cells. The histopathological diagnosis was “myelolipomatous changes within a non-functional adrenocortical adenoma”. The cases are presented here with their rarity and pathological differential diagnosis.
Serum apelin-36 levels in pre-diabetics and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: YALÇINKAYA KARA Zeynep Mine , SERİN Erdinç , DAĞ İsmail , SERİN Özden
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of parameters for glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors and apelin-36 in patients grouped as having impaired fasting glucose(IFG), IFG and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT), newly diagnosed type 2 DM and the control group.Materials and Methods: Fifty-three women and twenty-seven men, totally eighty subjects were enrolled in this study. The patients were classified into four groups according to their oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results. Group1: Normoglycemic controls(n:20), Group2: subjects with IFG(n:20), Group3: combined IFG subjects which included both IFG and IGT patients(n:20), Group4: Newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients(n:20). Levels of glucose, lipids, HbA1c, fibrinogen, insulin, cortisol, serum apelin-36 and C-peptide were analyzed.Results: There was a statistically significant difference regarding the levels of apelin-36 between group 1 and the study groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Other parameters analyzed for glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors such as fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, fibrinogen, insulin, cortisol, C-peptide, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol were significantly higher in the study groups when compared to the control group.Conclusion: In the future serum apelin-36 levels  can be used as an indicator for presenting the insulin resistance and impairment in glucose metabolism in the early periods.
Comparison of objective and subjective voice change parameters after medical treatments in allergic rhinitis
Authors: ERKAN Sanem Okşan , TUHANİOĞLU Birgül , ÖZDAŞ Talih , ERKAN Zeynel Abidin , TÜZÜN Kemal , ÖZDEN Güzin , ŞENKAL Özgül Akın
Published: September 2019

Purpose: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of different treatments on voice quality in allergic rhinitis. Thus we compared the objective and subjective voice parameters of patients with allergic rhinitis before and after treatment groups. Materials and Methods: Patiens treated with intranasal steroid sprey is the 1. group, intranasal steroid spray+oral antihistamine is the 2. group. The objective ( fundamental frequency(F0) ,shimmer%, jitter%, noise to harmonics ratio (NHR) and subjective (total nasal symptom score(TNSS), voice-handicap index(VHI ) )  voice analysis were compared .Results: All voice parameters were improved after treatment in both groups except F0 in group 1. F0 values after treatment in the 2. group was significantly higher than before treatment; F0 values  in the 1. group was higher but it was insignificant. There was no significant difference between the subjective parameters and objective parameters including F0, jitter%, shimmer% and NHR values between group 1 and group 2. Conclusion: We found that voice quality improved with intranasal steroid sprey treatment, and also with the addition of oral antihistamine to intranasal steroid in allergic rhinitis. However, no significant difference was detected in voice analysis with this combined treatment in the subjective and objective evaluation .
İnsan parechoviruslarının özellikleri, epidemiyolojisi ve klinik önemi
Authors: TOKAK Semih , ÖZDEMİR Mehmet
Published: September 2019

İnsan Parechoviruslar (Human Parechovirus; HPeV) tek iplikli, pozitif polariteli RNA viruslarıdır.  Başlangıçta klinik ve morfolojik özelliklerine göre insan enterovirusları içerisinde Echovirus 22 ve 23 olarak tanımlansalar da, genom organizasyonu, yapı ve replikasyonlarında birkaç farklı özellikleriyle enteroviruslar ve diğer picornavirus gruplarından farklı oldukları gösterilmiştir. HPeV’ler genetik ve antijenik heterojenlik göstermekte ve birçok tipi dünyanın her yerinde bulunan insan popülasyonunda yaygın bir şekilde bulunmaktadır. HPeV1 en yaygın genotip olup sıklıkla gastrointestinal ve solunum yolu hastalıklarına neden olmaktadır. HPeV3 enfeksiyonu yenidoğanlarda ve 3 aydan daha küçük infantlarda sepsis, meningoensefalit, nörolojik sekellere ve ölümlere yol açmaktadır. Küçük infantlarda tipik klinik tablo, ateş, şiddetli sinirlilik ve kızarıklıktan oluşur ve sıklıkla “ateşli, kırmızı döküntülü, kızgın bebekler” tanımına sebep olmaktadır. Günümüzde HPeV’lerin tanısı için en duyarlı metod real-time polimeraz zincir reaksiyonudur. Enfeksiyonlarının tedavisinde şimdiye kadar kadar herhangi bir spesifik antiviral tedavi mevcut olmayıp monoklonal antikorların kullanımı değerlendirilmektedir.  HPeV’ler üzerine yapılacak daha fazla çalışma ile bu virusların spesifik karakteristiklerinin anlaşılmasına ve uygun tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
A arquitetura das primeiras casas modernistas de São Paulo
Authors: Novakoski Rogério
Published: September 2019

Em um período que o país buscava a sua identidade nacional, novos arquitetos paulistanos, como Henrique Mindlin, Gregori Warchavchik, Rino Levi, João Vilanova Artigas, entre outros, mostravam o impulso de inserir propostas arquitetônicas vanguardistas, influenciadas, principalmente, pela estética orgânica de Frank Lloyd Wright e pelo design progressista de Le Corbusier. No entanto, essa geração de arquitetos teve a resistência da burguesia conservadora, que enxergava o modelo tradicional da residência como símbolo de poder perante a sociedade. Assim, este trabalho, através de uma metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, pautada em levantamentos e estudos de trabalhos nas áreas de Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Sociologia, fotografias, desenhos técnicos e visitas a residências de grande importância histórica, faz uma análise das características arquitetônicas das primeiras residências modernistas da burguesia paulistana, em seus aspectos plásticos e funcionais, observando a mescla das novas ideias do século XX com elementos tradicionais ecléticos europeus e neocoloniais.