bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Service for Empowerment: The Assessment of P2TP2A in 16 Provinces
Authors: Agustin Retno , Sandiata Bella , Suparno Indriyati , Samsidar Samsidar
Published: May 2019

The increasing number of violence against women every year raises question about the effectiveness of intergrated service programs for the women victims of violence. The government established the Integrated Service Center for Women and Children Empowerment (P2TP2A) in 2002 supported by National Commission on Violence against Women (KOMNAS Perempuan) in the effort to provide protection and empowerment of women victims of violence. However, the increasingly diverse forms of violence against women have resulted in complex needs of the victims. The question arises whether the function and performance role of P2TP2A has fully answered the needs of victims or not. This article focuses on assessments conducted by KOMNAS Perempuan and Forum Pengada Layanan (FPL) in 16 provinces to re-examine the role of P2TP2A's functions and performance in meeting the needs of victims. Based on the findings of the assessment, there are still shortcomings in the system and performance of P2TP2A in providing victims’ needs, such as lack of awareness as service providers, coordination problems among institutions and limited budget. This assessment uses in-depth interviews and document studies, by including the lessons from the P2TP2A Surakarta city, Bandung district and Central Java Province.
Modelling automobile users’ response pattern in defining urban street level of service
Authors: Jena Suprava , Pradhan Debu Kumar , Bhuyan Prasanta Kumar
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a qualitative study on automobile users’ response pattern to assess the provided transportation service quality under heterogeneous traffic flow conditions. An Automobile Users’ Satisfaction index (AUSi) is established using data sets of questionnaire survey collected from 34 urban street segments of three midsized Indian cities. About 977 respondents with a suitable cross-section of gender, age, driving experience etc. were participated in travellers’ intercept survey. Rasch Model (RM) was applied to identify a set of quantitative measures to analyse the complex process of measuring perceived service quality and degree of drivers’ satisfaction together. The present study comprehends the multidimensional nature of users’ perception to evaluate AUSi with the help of six-dimensional variables such as roadway geometry, traffic facilities, traffic management, pavement condition, safety and aesthetics. RM offers a particular score to each user and each dimensional attribute along with a shared continuum. This way, the attributes those are more demanding to produce satisfaction as well as the variation in response of different modes of transport are evidently identified. The key findings indicate that the participants reported lower satisfaction level mainly due to the absence of separate bike/bus pull-out lanes, improper parking facilities and interruption by non-motorised vehicles/public transit or roadside commercial activities. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering was applied to classify AUSi scores into six auto Levels Of Service (LOS) categories (A–F) for each street segment. The model was well validated with a significant matching of predicted Automobile users’ LOS (ALOS) service categories with the users’ perceived Overall Satisfaction (OS) scores for fourteen randomly selected segments. This prediction model is new to mixed traffic flow condition, which uses linguistic information and real-life issues of drivers for the current state of services. Hence, the proposed method would be more credible than conventional models to support the decision makers for long term planning and designing road networks on a priority basis
Research on the methods for calculating the width of the approach channel to the port
Authors: Paulauskas Vytautas , Paulauskas Donatas , Plačienė Birutė , Barzdžiukas Raimondas , Pridotkas Gintaras , maksimavičius Ričardas , Jankowski Stefan
Published: May 2019

An approach channel to the port is a very important part of port infrastructure ensuring navigational safety of the ships entering and departing the port. Various methods used for determining the width of the approach channel to the port provide different results. Sometimes, variations are significant and make difficulties in arriving at the correct final decision. The article analyses diverse methods for research on calculating the width of the approach channel to the port. The obtained results have been verified conducting a real experiment involving real ships passing under similar hydro-meteorological conditions. The evaluation of the results and recommendations presented in the article can be used for the optimization and design of approach channels to ports
A multi-objective optimization model for minimizing investment expenses, cycle times and CO2 footprint of an automated storage and retrieval systems
Authors: Rajković Miloš , Zrnić Nenad , Kosanić Nenad , Borovinšek Matej , Lerher Tone Lerher
Published: May 2019

A new optimization model of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) containing three objective and four constraint functions is presented in this paper. Majority of the researchers and publications in material handling field had performed optimization of different decision variables, but with single objective function only. Most common functions are: minimum travel time, maximum throughput capacity, minimum cost, maximum energy efficiency, etc. To perform the simultaneous optimization of objective functions (minimum: “investment expenses”, “cycle times”, “CO
2
footprint”) the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) was used. The NSGA II is a tool for finding the Pareto optimal solutions on the Pareto line. Determining the performance of the system is the main goal of our model. Since AS/RS are not flexible in terms of layout and organizational changes once the system is up and running, the proposed model could be a very helpful tool for the warehouse planners in the early stages of warehouse design
Sky Residual Correction
Authors: Hart Murdock
Published: May 2019

The near-infrared is populated by numerous emission lines radiated from the Earth’s atmosphere, and these emission lines are often several orders of magnitude brighter in intensity than the typical astrophysical science target. The subtraction of these emission lines, sky subtraction, can create large systematic errors in ground-based astronomical spectra effectively limiting the number of usable resolution elements. A more effective sky subtraction, and the reduction of the systematic errors due to the sky subtraction process, is a major hurdle which ground-based astronomy must overcome to increase the amount of usable spectrum, and to be able to observe fainter scientific targets. Large high-quality data sets such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) in themselves present opportunities for a reduction of the systematic sky subtraction errors through self-calibration. The sky residual correction method of Wild & Hewett is one such self-calibration technique which uses principal component analysis to reduce the systematic sky residual errors present in SDSS spectra. We apply sky residual corrections to the SDSS, Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, and Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment data sets to optimize the number of subtraction components, and to quantify the reduction of the systematic errors in the science spectra. Finally as a proof of concept we use the sky-residual-corrected SDSS luminous red galaxy spectra to search for gravitationally lensed emission line Galaxies.
Hot Plasma in a Quiescent Solar Active Region as Measured by RHESSI, XRT, and AIA
Authors: Ishikawa Shin-nosuke , Krucker Säm
Published: May 2019

This paper investigates a quiescent (nonflaring) active region observed on 2010 July 13 in extreme ultraviolet (EUV), soft X-ray (SXR), and hard X-rays to search for a hot component that is speculated to be a key signature of coronal heating. We use a combination of Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) imaging and long-duration time integration (up to 40 minutes) to detect the active regions in the 3–8 keV range during apparently nonflaring times. The RHESSI imaging reveals a hot component that originates from the entire active region, as speculated for a nanoflare scenario where the entire active region is filled with a large number of unresolved small energy releases. An isothermal fit to the RHESSI data gives temperatures around ∼7 MK with an emission measure of several times 1046 cm−3. Adding EUV and SXR observations taken by AIA and the X-ray Telescope, respectively, we derive a differential emission measure (DEM) that shows a peak between 2 and 3 MK with a steeply decreasing high-temperature tail, similar to what has been previously reported. The derived DEM reveals that a wide range of temperatures contributes to the RHESSI flux (e.g., 40% of the 4 keV emission being produced by plasma below 5 MK, while emission at 7 keV is almost exclusively from plasmas above 5 MK) indicating that the RHESSI spectrum should not be fitted with an isothermal. The hot component has a rather small emission measure (∼0.1% of the total EM is above 5 MK), and the derived thermal energy content is of the order of 10% for a filling factor of unity, or potentially below 1% for smaller filling factors.
Observational Constraints on the Merger History of Galaxies since z ≈ 6: Probabilistic Galaxy Pair Counts in the CANDELS Fields
Authors: Duncan Kenneth , Conselice Christopher J. , Mundy Carl , Bell Eric , Donley Jennifer , Galametz Audrey , Guo Yicheng , Grogin Norman A. , Hathi Nimish , Kartaltepe Jeyhan , Kocevski Dale , Koekemoer Anton M. , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Mantha Kameswara B. , Snyder Gregory F. , Stefanon Mauro
Published: May 2019

Galaxy mergers are expected to have a significant role in the mass assembly of galaxies in the early universe, but there are very few observational constraints on the merger history of galaxies at z > 2. We present the first study of galaxy major mergers (mass ratios <1:4) in mass-selected samples out to z ≈ 6. Using all five fields of the Hubble Space Telescope/CANDELS survey and a probabilistic pair-count methodology that incorporates the full photometric redshift posteriors and corrections for stellar mass completeness, we measure galaxy pair-counts for projected separations between 5 and 30 kpc in stellar mass selected samples at 9.7 < log10(M
⋆/M
⊙) < 10.3 and log10(M
⋆/M
⊙) > 10.3. We find that the major merger pair fraction rises with redshift to z ≈ 6 proportional to (1 + z)
m
, with m = 0.8 ± 0.2 (m = 1.8 ± 0.2) for log10(M
⋆/M
⊙) > 10.3 (9.7 < log10(M
⋆/M
⊙) < 10.3). Investigating the pair fraction as a function of mass ratio between 1:20 and 1:1, we find no evidence for a strong evolution in the relative numbers of minor to major mergers out to z < 3. Using evolving merger timescales, we find that the merger rate per galaxy (

) rises rapidly from 0.07 ± 0.01 Gyr−1 at z < 1 to 7.6 ± 2.7 Gyr−1 at z = 6 for galaxies at log10(M
⋆/M
⊙) > 10.3. The corresponding comoving major merger rate density remains roughly constant during this time, with rates of Γ ≈ 10−4 Gyr−1 Mpc−3. Based on the observed merger rates per galaxy, we infer specific mass accretion rates from major mergers that are comparable to the specific star formation rates for the same mass galaxies at z > 3 - observational evidence that mergers are as important a mechanism for building up mass at high redshift as in situ star formation.
Luminosity Ratio between [O iv] 25.89 μm Line and Nuclear Continuum 12 μm as a Diagnostic for “Buried” AGNs
Authors: Yamada Satoshi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Tanimoto Atsushi , Kawamuro Taiki , Imanishi Masatoshi , Toba Yoshiki
Published: May 2019

We propose new diagnostics that utilize the [O iv] 25.89 μm and nuclear (subarcsecond scale) 12 μm luminosity ratios for identifying whether an active galactic nucleus (AGN) is deeply “buried” in their surrounding materials. Utilizing a sample of 16 absorbed AGNs at redshifts lower than 0.03 in the Swift/BAT catalog observed with Suzaku, we find that AGNs with small scattering fractions (<0.5%) tend to show weaker [O iv]-to-12 μm luminosity ratios than the average of Seyfert 2 galaxies. This suggests that this ratio is a good indicator for identifying buried AGNs. Then, we apply this criterion to 23 local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) in various merger stages hosting AGNs. We find that AGNs in most mid- to late-stage mergers are buried, while those in earlier-stage ones (including nonmerger) are not. This result suggests that the fraction of buried AGNs in U/LIRGs increases as the galaxy–galaxy interaction becomes more significant.
When Does the Onset of Multiple Stellar Populations in Star Clusters Occur? Detection of Enriched Stellar Populations in NGC 2121
Authors: Li Chengyuan , de Grijs Richard
Published: May 2019

Star-to-star light-element abundance variations, known as multiple stellar populations (MPs), are common in almost all Galactic globular clusters. Recently, MPs have also been detected in a number of massive clusters with ages in excess of 2 Gyr in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), thus indicating that age is likely a control parameter for the presence of MPs. However, to conclusively confirm this notion, additional studies of star clusters in the LMC’s “age gap” of 3–6 Gyr are required. Here, we use Hubble Space Telescope observations to study the 3 Gyr old cluster NGC 2121. Compared with so-called “simple” stellar population models, the cluster’s red-giant branch exhibits an apparent spread in a specific color index that is sensitive to intrinsic chemical spreads. The observed spread can be explained by an intrinsic spread in nitrogen abundance of ∼0.5–1.0 dex. NGC 2121 has a comparable mass to its younger counterparts without MPs, indicating that cluster mass might not be the dominant parameter controlling the presence of MPs. The transition phase between the occurrence of clusters with or without MPs seems to occur at ages of 2–3 Gyr, indicating that cluster age may play a dominant role in the establishment of MPs.
Molecular Gas Properties in the Host Galaxy of GRB 080207
Authors: Hatsukade Bunyo , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Kohno Kotaro , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Ohta Kouji , Niino Yuu , Tamura Yoichi , Tóth L. Viktor
Published: May 2019

We present the results of CO(1–0) and CO(4–3) observations of the host galaxy of a long-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 080207 at z = 2.0858 by using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The host is detected in CO(1–0) and CO(4–3), becoming the first case for a gamma-ray burst (GRB) host with more than two CO transitions detected combined with CO(2–1) and CO(3–2) in the literature. Adopting a metallicity-dependent CO-to-H2 conversion factor, we derive a molecular gas mass of M
gas = 8.7 × 1010
M
⊙, which places the host in a sequence of normal star-forming galaxies in an M
gas–star formation rate (SFR) plane. A modified blackbody fit to the far-infrared–millimeter photometry results in a dust temperature of 37 K and a dust mass of M
dust = 1.5 × 108
M
⊙. The spatially resolved CO(4–3) observations allow us to examine the kinematics of the host. The CO velocity field shows a clear rotation and is reproduced by a rotation-dominated disk model with a rotation velocity of 350 km s−1 and a half-light radius of 2.4 kpc. The CO spectral line energy distribution derived from the four CO transitions is similar to that of starburst galaxies, suggesting a high excitation condition. Comparison of molecular gas properties between the host and normal (main-sequence) galaxies at similar redshifts shows that they share common properties such as gas mass fraction, gas depletion timescale, gas-to-dust ratio, location in the M
gas–SFR (or surface density) relation, and kinematics, suggesting that long-duration GRBs can occur in normal star-forming environments at z ∼ 2.
Damping of Propagating Kink Waves in the Solar Corona
Authors: Tiwari Ajay K. , Morton Richard J. , Régnier Stéphane , McLaughlin James A.
Published: May 2019

Alfvénic waves have gained renewed interest since the existence of ubiquitous propagating kink waves were discovered in the corona. It has long been suggested that Alfvénic waves play an important role in coronal heating and the acceleration of the solar wind. To this effect, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms that enable their energy to be transferred to the plasma. Mode conversion via resonant absorption is believed to be one of the main mechanisms for kink wave damping and it is considered to play a key role in the process of energy transfer. This study examines the damping of propagating kink waves in quiescent coronal loops using the Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter. A coherence-based method is used to track the Doppler velocity signal of the waves, which enables us to investigate the spatial evolution of velocity perturbations. The power ratio of outward to inward propagating waves is used to estimate the associated damping lengths and quality factors. To enable accurate estimates of these quantities, we provide the first derivation of a likelihood function suitable for fitting models to the ratio of two power spectra obtained from discrete Fourier transforms. Maximum likelihood estimation is used to fit an exponential damping model to the observed variation in power ratio as a function of frequency. We confirm earlier indications that propagating kink waves are undergoing frequency-dependent damping. Additionally, we find that the rate of damping decreases, or equivalently the damping length increases, for  longer coronal loops that reach higher in the corona.
VLT/X-Shooter Survey of BAL Quasars: Large Distance Scale and AGN Feedback
Authors: Xu Xinfeng , Arav Nahum , Miller Timothy , Benn Chris
Published: May 2019

We conducted a survey of quasar outflows using the Very Large Telescope/X-Shooter spectrograph. When choosing the 14 broad absorption line (BAL) and mini-BALs comprising this sample, the data did not cover the S iv and S iv* troughs, whose ratio can be used to determine the distance of the outflows from the central source (R). Therefore, this “Blind Survey” is unbiased toward a particular distance scale. Out of the eight outflows where R can be measured, six have R > 100 pc (spanning the range 100–4500 pc), one has R > 10 pc, and only one (at R < 40 pc) is compatible with a much smaller R scale. At least two of the outflows have a kinetic luminosity greater than 0.5% of their Eddington luminosity, implying that they are able to provide significant active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. The outflows span a range of 0 to −10,000 km s−1 in velocity, total column density between 1020.1 and 1022.6 cm−2, ionization parameter (

) in the range 0.01–1, and electron number density between 103.2 and 105.4 cm−3, with one upper and one lower limit. The results of this survey can be extrapolated to the majority of BAL outflows, implying that most of these outflows are situated far away from the AGN accretion disk, and that a significant portion of them can contribute to AGN feedback processes.
Optimal Search Strategy for Finding Transients in Large-sky Error Regions under Realistic Constraints
Authors: Rana Javed , Anand Shreya , Bose Sukanta
Published: May 2019

In order to identify the rapidly fading, optical transient counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) sources, an efficient follow-up strategy is required. Since most ground-based optical telescopes aimed at following up GW sources have a small field of view (FOV) as compared to the GW sky error region, we focus on a search strategy that involves dividing the GW patch into tiles of the same area as the telescope FOV to strategically image the entire patch. We present an improvement over the optimal algorithm outlined in Rana et al. by factoring in the effects of air mass, telescope slew, and setting constraints into the scheduling algorithm in order to increase the chances of identifying the GW counterpart. We propose two separate algorithms: the air-mass-weighted algorithm, a solution to the Hungarian algorithm that maximizes probability acquired while minimizing the image air mass, and the slew-optimization algorithm that minimizes the overall slew angle within the observation schedule using the traveling salesman algorithm. We simulate hundreds of telescope-patch configurations to test the performance of our algorithms. Our results indicate that slew optimization can reduce the cumulative slew angle by hundreds of degrees, saving minutes of observation time without any loss of probability. Further, we demonstrate that, as compared to the greedy algorithm, the air-mass-weighted algorithm can acquire up to 20% more probability and 30 deg2 more in areal coverage for skymaps of all sizes and configurations. Our analysis can be straightforwardly extended to optical counterparts of gamma-ray bursts, as well as to other telescopes or sites.
Reverberation Mapping of the Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy I Zwicky 1: Black Hole Mass
Authors: Huang Ying-Ke , Hu Chen , Zhao Yu-Lin , Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Lu Kai-Xing , Wang Kai , Zhang Yue , Du Pu , Li Yan-Rong , Bai Jin-Ming , Ho Luis C. , Bian Wei-Hao , Yuan Ye-Fei , Wang Jian-Min
Published: May 2019

We report results of the first reverberation mapping campaign of I Zwicky 1 during 2014–2016, which showed unambiguous reverberations of the broad Hβ line emission in the varying optical continuum. From analysis using several methods, we obtain a reverberation lag of

. Taking a virial factor of

, we find a black hole mass of

from the mean spectra. The accretion rate is estimated to be

, suggesting a super-Eddington accretor, where L
Edd is the Eddington luminosity and c is the speed of light. By decomposing Hubble Space Telescope images, we find that the stellar mass of the bulge of its host galaxy is

. This leads to a black hole to bulge mass ratio of ∼10−4, which is significantly smaller than that of classical bulges and elliptical galaxies. After subtracting the host contamination from the observed luminosity, we find that I Zw 1 follows the empirical

relation.
A Machine-learning Data Set Prepared from the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory Mission
Authors: Galvez Richard , Fouhey David F. , Jin Meng , Szenicer Alexandre , Muñoz-Jaramillo Andrés , Cheung Mark C. M. , Wright Paul J. , Bobra Monica G. , Liu Yang , Mason James , Thomas Rajat
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we present a curated data set from the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) mission in a format suitable for machine-learning research. Beginning from level 1 scientific products we have processed various instrumental corrections, down-sampled to manageable spatial and temporal resolutions, and synchronized observations spatially and temporally. We illustrate the use of this data set with two example applications: forecasting future extreme ultraviolet (EUV) Variability Experiment (EVE) irradiance from present EVE irradiance and translating Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager observations into Atmospheric Imaging Assembly observations. For each application, we provide metrics and baselines for future model comparison. We anticipate this curated data set will facilitate machine-learning research in heliophysics and the physical sciences generally, increasing the scientific return of the SDO mission. This work is a direct result of the 2018 NASA Frontier Development Laboratory Program. Please see the Appendix for access to the data set, totaling 6.5TBs.
L’usine d’alumine de Gardanne, du local au global, 1893-2018. La mondialisation continue ?
Authors: Mioche Philippe
Published: May 2019

Depuis ses origines, l’usine d’alumine de Gardanne s’inscrit dans un environnement international, d’abord celui du nouveau système technique de l’industrie naissante de l’aluminium, puis celui des marchés au sein desquels évolue le site, marchés très tôt organisés par quelques producteurs d’envergure mondiale. Une nouvelle étape de cette mondialisation est franchie au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Gardanne essaime alors de par le monde, participant ainsi à la politique d’internationalisation du groupe Pechiney. Pour cela, elle se dote d’un centre de recherche sur l’alumine ainsi que d’un service d’ingénierie. Une troisième étape intervient au début des années 2000, placée sous le signe de la mondialisation « financière ». Pechiney passe alors dans le giron du Canadien Alcan, avant que celui-ci ne soit absorbé par l’Anglo-Australien Rio Tinto. Cette période se traduit par une certaine volatilité des capitaux ; en 2012, Gardanne passe entre les mains d’un fonds d’investissement qui crée la société Alteo afin d’en assurer l’exploitation. Dans cette nouvelle donne internationale, l’usine provençale se spécialise dans des alumines de haute technologie et parachève l’évolution entreprise au profit de l’excellence.
Bâti, patrimoine, industrie et identité : étude croisée de deux anciennes sociétés usinières Pechiney
Authors: Combal Cécile
Published: May 2019

Cette étude porte sur deux territoires aluminiers désindustrialisés : la commune de l’Argentière-la-Bessée située dans les Hautes-Alpes, et celle de Livet-et-Gavet située en Isère. Aprés des décennies de présence sur leurs sols, Pechiney ferme les sites de l’Argentière et de Rioupéroux au cours des années 1980-1990. Le départ de l’industriel affecte profondément les organisations sociales locales vouées depuis des décennies à la production aluminière. Face à la nécessité de se reconvertir et de se reconstruire, la question du rapport au passé industriel émerge. Les deux exemples abordés dans cette étude permettent d’analyser les processus, les acteurs et les enjeux mémoriaux et patrimoniaux que connaissent les deux communes alpines. À L’Argentière-la-Bessée, la mémoire ouvrière de l’aluminium conduit à de nombreuses actions de mise en valeur et de conservation participant à la reconversion du territoire et à la reconfiguration de l’identité locale. À Livet-et-Gavet, cette mémoire ouvrière est, dans un premier temps, invisibilisé par une approche techniciste et une mise en patrimoine de l’histoire des activités productives à l’échelle valléenne. Elle connaît aujourd’hui un renouveau par le biais de récentes démarches ancrées au sein du territoire communal.
De la classe virtuelle aux ouvriers du clic
Authors: Casilli Antonio
Published: May 2019

Contrairement au fantasme d’une classe virtuelle de travailleurs libérés par le travail, la flexibilité des services de micro-tâches, que remplissent tous les usagers des plateformes numériques, ne profite qu’aux entreprises de la Silicon Valley.
De « nouvelles » perspectives pour l’Europe
Authors: Habermas Jürgen
Published: May 2019

Malgré la conscience de défis communs, les pays européens sont pris dans un cercle vicieux : les politiques d’austérité accroissent les inégalités au sein de l’Union, qui nourrissent le populisme de droite, qui pousse les gouvernements à accorder la priorité à des intérêts nationalistes de court terme au détriment de la solidarité européenne.
Trois idées reçues sur les élections européennes
Authors: Dennison Susi , Krastev Ivan , Leonard Mark , Varma Tara
Published: May 2019

Une étude du European Council on Foreign Relations conduite dans quatorze pays d’Europe montre qu’en dépit de divisions, il n’existe pas de polarisation de l’électorat en tribus irréconciliables ; que la question de l’émigration est aussi importante que celle de l’immigration ; que le sentiment européen est important malgré une volonté de renverser le statu quo .
La contribution de la Fondation de France aux processus territorialisés et territorialisants d’innovation sociale
Authors: Gianfaldoni Patrick , Manoury Lucile
Published: May 2019

Nous analysons le soutien philanthropique au développement territorial au travers d’un programme lancé en 2013 par la Fondation de France (FdF). La réalisation de bilans évaluatifs pour les deux premiers dispositifs territorialisés arrivant à terme (2014-2018), l’un déployé sur un territoire rural et l’autre sur un territoire urbain, a permis de montrer que la FdF contribue aux processus territorialisés et territorialisants d’innovation sociale. L’innovation sociale, que nous qualifions d’endogène au territoire, se manifeste par des processus révélant des formes d’ empowerment territorial, individuel et communautaire. L’étude des dispositifs met en lumière les deux propriétés des processus d’innovation sociale : la dépendance au territoire et une configuration du territoire. Les processus d’innovation sociale dépendent des proximités entre bénéficiaires associés et de la nature des ressources en usage. Ils tendent aussi à engendrer ces proximités et générer la création-valorisation de ces ressources. Codes JEL : O35, A14, A12
Le financement participatif de projets d’énergies renouvelables (EnR) : éclairages sur le modèle économique et les risques d’une plateforme française
Authors: Bourcet Clémence , Cézanne Cécile , Rigot Sandra , Saglietto Laurence
Published: May 2019

Les plateformes de crowdfunding interviennent comme une nouvelle forme d’intermédiation financière plébiscitée pour répondre aux besoins de financement de projets dans les énergies renouvelables (EnR). Cet article analyse la plateforme française d’investissement participatif dédiée aux projets d’EnR : Enerfip. Au regard du Business Model Canvas d’Osterwalder (2004) et Osterwalder et Pigneur (2011), il propose une représentation du modèle économique de la plateforme, de sa matrice de risques et des stratégies qu’elle met en place pour les gérer. Enfin, cet article identifie les insuffisances de ces stratégies et discute différents leviers d’action pour y remédier. Codes JEL : G23, G24, L21, L81, M21, Q55
« On n'est pas là pour faire des théories »
Authors: Dafflon Alexandre
Published: May 2019

Résumé À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée auprès de membres de sociétés de jeunesse campagnarde (SJC), cet article s’attache à saisir les processus de socialisation politique à l’oeuvre au sein d’organisations qui ne revendiquent aucun but politique et dont les activités sont avant tout envisagées à partir de leur caractère amical et festif. L’article montre que face au mépris social dont les SJC font l’objet, les jeunes apprennent à valoriser une culture propre qui subordonne systématiquement la « théorie » à la « pratique ». Cette conception pratique du monde les pousse alors à mettre à distance la politique pour ne pas que s’impose, dans leur quotidien associatif, la domination culturelle, celle qui réaffirme l’ordre des choses.
« Mis à la retraite à 42 ans ! »
Authors: Julhe Samuel , Bourneton-Soulé Florence
Published: May 2019

À partir du cas des danseuses et des danseurs classiques travaillant dans les maisons d’opéra en France, cet article analyse le « référentiel sectoriel » qui préside à la prise en compte de « spécificités artistiques » en matière de gestion des carrières par des établissements sous tutelle publique. Quitter la scène et son métier lorsqu’il reste encore 20 à 30 ans de vie professionnelle avant de pouvoir prétendre à la retraite ne va pas de soi, ni pour les artistes, ni pour les institutions chargées d’accompagner les parcours professionnels. L’analyse proposée ici mobilise principalement les données issues de 40 entretiens biographiques réalisés auprès de danseurs ainsi que 18 entretiens effectués auprès de directrices et de directeurs ou de responsables des ressources humaines de maisons d’opéra. Nous montrons que ce « référentiel » repose d’une part, sur l’inculcation et la perpétuation d’un « régime temporel » spécifique, d’autre part, sur la structuration des « possibles professionnels » des artistes par une série de « dispositifs d’accompagnement ». La façon dont les processus décrits se différencient selon le « crédit réputationnel » accordé aux danseuses et aux danseurs au sein du Ballet est également explicitée.
Altered Mental Status in Children After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Dubey Vivek , Nau Eric , Sycip Marc
Published: May 2019

Pediatric head injuries are common and may present with varying degrees of altered mental status in children. The approach to evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of further injury is important in achieving good health outcomes after a head injury. In this article, we review the pathophysiology, classifications, signs and symptoms, and management of traumatic brain injury. We also discuss the importance of preventing a secondary injury during recovery by educating families about head injury sequelae and return-to-play guidelines.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2019;48(5):e192–e196.]
The Role of the General Practitioner in Evaluation and Treatment of Girls with Menstrual-Related Complaints
Authors: Dawson Rachel
Published: May 2019

A common scenario a pediatrician or general practitioner may encounter in the care of adolescent girls is menstrual concerns. A frequent complaint may be of irregular periods that may be coming twice a month or possibly only every other month. Sometimes the teenage patient may complain of heavy bleeding or prolonged periods lasting longer than 7 days. The typical patient with this complaint could be a 14-year-old girl with periods that started at age 13 years who has had no periods for 3 months after onset of menarche. However, once the second period comes, the patient complains of periods happening often, lasting for 5 days, and with the need to change feminine products about 3 times per day. She is otherwise healthy with no medical issues and no surgeries. The family may question if this is considered normal or if something is potentially wrong with the adolescent's pubertal development.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2019;48(5):e187–e189.]
P-C La trajectoire d’un jeune Haïtien au Brésil : habitus immigrant, distinction et capital
Authors: de Oliveira Márcio
Published: May 2019

Les Haitiens arrivés au Brésil en 2013 et 2014 étaient scolarisés et fortunés et, par conséquence, ils s’en sortaient mieux. Nous analysons ici la trajectoire d’un jeune Haïtien immigré au Brésil. Nous identifions les caractéristiques socioéconomiques de ce jeune pour ensuite les mettre en rapport à ses pratiques, depuis sa migration jusqu’à son parcours au Brésil. L’hypothèse est la suivante : le parcours migratoire, qui n’a pas forcément l’intégration en ligne de mire, est le résultat d’un concours de circonstances dans lesquelles se joue fortement le rapport entre l’habitus et les capitaux accumulés par les migrants. La trajectoire et la stratégie de ce jeune Haïtien semblent en être la démonstration.
Information Use and Mobile Devices: A Study Amongst Library Users of Selected Medical Faculties in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ramanan T. , Santharooban S.
Published: May 2019

A preliminary study was carried out as an initiative to probe into the possibilities of incorporating mobile apps and social networks in medical library services. Major objective was to find out the trend and preference of medical faculty students in using mobile devices for accessing information. The cross-sectional survey design was used with mixed method. Self-administered questionnaire was distributed among students of eight medical faculties in Sri Lanka and 120 filled questionnaires were received from six medical faculties. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The use of a mobile device was analyzed through factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha of the particular statements is 0.864 which indicate the adequate internal consistency of the statements and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) and Bartlett test value is 0.788 which indicate that the data is suitable for factor analysis. The factor analysis resulted in four-factor model, which explain 66.43% of variance in the data. The four factors are ‘educational use’, ‘entertainment use’, ‘basic communicational use’ and ‘free call use’. Since the factor - educational use explain highest percentage (39%) of variance in the data, it indicates that there is a potential to use mobile device for educational purposes. The results also have revealed that majority of the students (85.2%) retrieved medical information through web resources using mobile devices. They also collect information using personal communication especially from friends and lecturers (41.5%). Among the information sources which they use through the mobile devices, Google is at the first place (82.3%) and Wikipedia (80%) is in second place. Only 67.2% of them use the mobile device to read e-books. In the purpose of using mobile devices for educational purpose, highest usage was observed for retrieval of images (81.8%), information on drugs (76.6%) and clinical guidelines (72.3%). Slow Internet connectivity (77.9%), poor network or signal coverage (76.6%), and lack of Wi-Fi facilities in faculty settings (55.9%) are the major barriers to using of mobile devices. Despite the students are positive about mobile devices, they consider more about the authenticity of online information and lack of knowledge and awareness on access to medical information. Moreover, they were mostly inclined to Google and Wikipedia but were unaware of other online resources to access medical information. Therefore, adopting mobile devices in health/medical information literacy programmes and curricula are recommended with further research.
Behavioural Aspects of Postgraduate Students in Using Electronic Information Resources at the Library Eastern University, Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayakananthan M. , Jeyaraj W. J.
Published: May 2019

The introduction of computer technology in university libraries has made possible the use of information resources via the Internet or Intranet. Since the poor usage of digital resources by students as well as the staff of universities has strained these innovative efforts towards the next information era, there was a need to carry out research to examine the behavior in utilizing electronic information resources in higher educational institutions. The main objective of this study is to examine the behavioral intention to utilize electronic information resources by postgraduate students at the Eastern University, Sri Lanka (EUSL), applying the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The study was tested with a conceptual model using 208 postgraduate students. The study revealed that the facilitating-conditions and effort expectancy are highly significant to students’ behavioral intention to use electronic information resources at the library. Students’ computer experience moderated the relationship between facilitating-conditions and intention to use. The intention-to-use behavior highly impacts on students’ usage of electronic information resources. The developed model will assist other researchers to understand the students’ behavioural intention and influencing factors in respect to introducing new innovative technologies in libraries and it could be used by other higher education institutions to make decisions related to the investment in the modern library systems. Hence, this study recommends further researches to be covered in all the Sri Lankan Universities in order to generalize the results and findings.
IL-3 Triggers Chronic Rejection of Cardiac Allografts by Activation of Infiltrating Basophils
Authors: Balam Saidou , Schiechl-Brachner Gabriela , Buchtler Simone , Halbritter Dagmar , Schmidbauer Kathrin , Talke Yvonne , Neumayer Sophia , Salewski Jan-Niklas , Winter Frederike , Karasuyama Hajime , Yamanishi Yoshinori , Renner Kerstin , Geissler Edward K. , Mack Matthias
Published: May 2019

Chronic rejection is a major problem in transplantation medicine, largely resistant to therapy, and poorly understood. We have shown previously that basophil-derived IL-4 contributes to fibrosis and vasculopathy in a model of heart transplantation with depletion of CD4+ T cells. However, it is unknown how basophils are activated in the allografts and whether they play a role when cyclosporin A (CsA) immunosuppression is applied. BALB/c donor hearts were heterotopically transplanted into fully MHC-mismatched C57BL/6 recipients and acute rejection was prevented by depletion of CD4+ T cells or treatment with CsA. We found that IL-3 is significantly upregulated in chronically rejecting allografts and is the major activator of basophils in allografts. Using IL-3–deficient mice and depletion of basophils, we show that IL-3 contributes to allograft fibrosis and organ failure in a basophil-dependent manner. Also, in the model of chronic rejection involving CsA, IL-3 and basophils substantially contribute to organ remodeling, despite the almost complete suppression of IL-4 by CsA. In this study, basophil-derived IL-6 that is resistant to suppression by CsA, was largely responsible for allograft fibrosis and limited transplant survival. Our data show that IL-3 induces allograft fibrosis and chronic rejection of heart transplants, and exerts its profibrotic effects by activation of infiltrating basophils. Blockade of IL-3 or basophil-derived cytokines may provide new strategies to prevent or delay the development of chronic allograft rejection.
Kinematic models of the interplanetary magnetic field
Authors: Lhotka Christoph , Narita Yasuhito
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Current knowledge on the description of the interplanetary magnetic field
is reviewed with an emphasis on the kinematic approach as well as
the analytic expression. Starting with the Parker spiral field approach,
further effects are incorporated into this fundamental magnetic field model,
including the latitudinal dependence, the
poleward component,
the solar cycle dependence, and the polarity and tilt angle
of the solar magnetic axis. Further extensions are discussed
in view of the magnetohydrodynamic treatment,
the turbulence effect, the pickup ions, and the stellar wind models.
The models of the interplanetary magnetic field serve as a useful tool for
theoretical studies, in particular on the problems of plasma turbulence evolution,
charged dust motions, and cosmic ray modulation in the heliosphere.
Cataluña y la movilización de recursos militares para la expedición a Sicilia, 1718
Authors: Martí Fraga Eduard
Published: May 2019

Un tema recurrente de la historiografía catalana es el debate sobre los efectos que tuvo la política militar de Felipe V sobre la economía de Cataluña después de 1714. Esta cuestión sin embargo forma parte de un debate más amplio: valorar los modos en que la Corona consiguió movilizar sus recursos militares, quién se benefició de ello y que efectos tenía sobre el territorio. En el fondo se trata de analizar las formas en que se configuró el Estado borbónico. A partir del análisis de la movilización de recursos militares para la expedición de conquista de Sicilia en 1718, el presente artículo pretende dar respuesta a algunas de estas preguntas.
Documentos de Edad Moderna en el Archivo General de la Administración
Authors: Gozalbo Gimeno Daniel
Published: May 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar al público algunas fuentes documentales custodiadas en el Archivo General de la Administración susceptibles de ser utilizadas para la investigación del Antiguo Régimen en España, tanto en su faceta interior como exterior. Se describen en él las características y posibilidades de utilización de varios conjuntos de documentos relativos a la Deuda, la Beneficencia, las representaciones de la Monarquía en el exterior, el Consejo de Guerra, los Corregimientos de Madrid y Alcalá de Henares y algunos otros recursos de información, que son complementarios de los grandes fondos de Edad Moderna conservados en los Archivos Históricos Estatales.
Investigating the Role of Subglottic Secretions Suctioning in the Prevention of ‎Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Patients With Invasive Mechanical ‎Ventilation
Authors: Salman Iyad Abbas , Ibraheem Ali Waleed , Moushib Amir Ibrahim , Fawzi Hayder Adnan
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: development of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) leads to ‎prolonged hospital stay, increased health care cost, and mortality rates. Subglottic ‎secretion drainage through a dedicated endotracheal tube has been advocated as a mean ‎to decrease the incidence of VAP and thereby assisting in ‎the decrease of morbidity associated with invasive mechanical ventilation.‎

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the role of subglottic secretion suctioning in the prevention of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care unit.‎

METHODS: A cross sectional study done in the intensive care unit of Ghazi Al-Hariri ‎hospital for surgical specialties in medical city complex, 30 patients who ‎are in need for invasive mechanical ventilation were intubated with endotracheal tube ‎that have special port for subglottic secretion suctioning. Daily monitoring of patients ‎clinical and radiological data to detect features of VAP was ‎done, and if there was a suspicion of pneumonia, culture for tracheal aspirate performed ‎to confirm diagnosis.‎

RESULTS: ‎Patient’s age was 37.1 ± ‎‎15.39 years, the highest proportion of study patients was found in ‎age group < 30 and ‎‎30–49 years (40% in ‎each group), most of the patients were males (70%) with a male to female ratio of ‎‎2.33:1‎‏, ‏Subglottic secretion suctioning lead to reduction in VAP by relative risk (95%CI) of ‏‎0.167 (0.045–0.559)‎‏, p-‏value = 0.001. ‏Twenty eight patients didn’t show any sign, symptoms ‎or radiological features suggesting a ‎diagnosis of pneumonia while two patients developed ‎features of pneumonia (suggestive signs and ‎symptoms, radiological features and ‎positive culture of tracheal aspirate).‎

CONCLUSION: the use of endotracheal tube with subglottic ‎secretions suctioning can have a role in the prevention of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients.‎
Addressing the issue of violence in our society. The ten most important rules in the light of the study on “Society without violence”
Authors: Farnicka Marzanna , Chumas Jonathan
Published: May 2019

Over 40 years ago the French Research Committee on Violence, Crime and Delinquency published a document that contained current analyses on the occurrence of social problems and their determinants, as well as guidelines to reduce risks and reduce the sense of threat and insecurity in modern society. The document became the basis for the reflection on public debate on violence in international communities and psychological practice against violence in both interpersonal and wider social relations. The combination of the individual and the social perspective gives a chance to criticise and rethink the guidelines suggested by the Committee from the point of view of such issues as community responsibility, individual rights and the current state in psychological and social care against violence. Special attention was paid to ten recommendations.
Strategic meaning of reflexive control methods in the concept of information fight
Authors: Kublik Eliza
Published: May 2019

The article describes the theoretical foundations, genesis and application of reflexive control methods. It contains the characteristics of the views of the leading researchers investigating the topics of reflexive control and the manipulation of information. It explains the importance of reflexive control in the concepts of information fights and its impact on state security. The article is based on two approaches to the Russian and American phenomena. It also explains issues in the field of war and information fights.