bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographic origin and host’s phylogeny are predictors of the gut mucosal microbiota diversity and composition in Mediterranean scorpionfishes (Scorpaena sp.)
Authors: Lilli Ginevra , Sirot Charlotte , Campbell Hayley , Brophy Deirdre , Graham Conor , George Isabelle
Published: August 2023

Background
The gut microbiome holds an important role in the health and homeostasis of fishes. However, despite the large diversity and distribution of this vertebrate group, only the intestinal microbiome of a limited number of freshwater and marine fish species has been well characterized to date. Mediterranean scorpionfishes (Scorpaena sp) have a high commercial value in the Mediterranean Sea and Scorpaena scrofa is a candidate to become an aquaculture-reared species in a near future. However, this fish group is underrepresented in studies about fish gut microbiome.
Results
In this study, we characterized the gut mucosal microbial communities of three Scorpaena sp (n = 125) by using a comprehensive comparative dataset including 16S rRNA gene amplicon data from four different locations in the Mediterranean Sea. We report that in this fish group, geographical origin influences the diversity and the composition of the gut microbial communities more than host’s phylogenetic relatedness. Moreover, we observe a positive correlation between the composition of the gut microbiota and the phylogenetic distance between the hosts (i.e. phylosymbiosis). Finally, the core microbiota of each species was described both regionally and across the Mediterranean Sea. When investigated regionally, the core microbiota was characterized by bacterial genera holding important functions for the health and homeostasis of the host. By expanding the analysis to a broader geographical scale, a reduction in the size of the core microbiota of each species was observed and Clostridium senso stricto 1 appeared to be the only resident bacterial genus in the core gut microbiota of Scorpaena sp in the Mediterranean Sea.
Conclusion
This study reveals that the microbiota associated with the gut mucosa of scorpionfishes is not stable across the Mediterranean Sea and its composition depends on the fish population analyzed. Therefore, it highlights the importance of investigating the gut microbiome through the geographical range of a species and it suggests this as a general procedure to better characterize the gut microbial ecology of each fish species
Increased rates of invasive bacterial disease in late 2022
Authors: Kyne Sarah , Shiochain Doireann Ni , McDonnell Caoimhe , Byrne Aisling , Sutton-Fitzpatrick Una , Crowley Niamh , Nertney Leona , Myers Conor , Waldron John , Ahmed Aneeq , Wrynne Caragh , Fennell Jerome , Fitzpatrick Patrick , Fitzsimons John J , Scanlan Barry , Vaughan David , Gorman Kathleen M , Cunney Robert , Smyth Anna E. , Hourihane Jonathan O’B
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Invasive bacterial disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In winter 2022, there was an apparent increased rate of invasive bacterial disease compared to preceding years.
Methods:
Cross-site retrospective analysis of the three Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) hospitals looking at children admitted between 1st October 2022 – 31st December 2022 (Q4) with community-acquired invasive bacterial disease, defined as an abscess in a normally sterile site in the head, neck and chest or isolation or PCR detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus), or Haemophilus influenzae from a normally sterile site. Case numbers were compared to Q4 in each of 2018 – 2021.
Results:
82 children met the case definition in Q4 2022 vs 97 (Q4 2018 – 2021). In 2022, 42/82 (51%) were female, median age 3.75y (1.5-8.25y). Only 2 (2%) were immunosuppressed and 2 others (2%) had underlying neurodisabiltiy. Fifty (61%) were admitted on second or subsequent presentation to a healthcare setting. Fifty-six (68%) had an abscess in a sterile site. Bloodstream infection (positive blood culture or PCR: 24 (29%)) was the most common site of infection, followed by neck 22 (27%) and intracranial 12 (15%). Group A streptococcus (GAS) 27 (33%) was the most common organism isolated. Seven cases (9%) died in 2022 compared to 2 patients (2%) from 2018 – 2021 (p <0.05). More children had Paediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) scores>1 in 2022 than 2018 – 2021 (p=0.003).
Conclusion:
Invasive bacterial diseases increased in Q4 2022 with higher morbidity and mortality than in the preceding 4 years. Group A streptococcal infection was the most significant organism in 2022.
Lymph node ratio has greater prognostic value than positive lymph node count in papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Lun , Fu Yang , Hou Chao , Mao Fei , Ji Lu , Liu Xuzhong , Zhong Bing , Wang Gongcheng
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Approximately 10–15% of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases are papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC). pRCC is associated with a higher risk of lymph node metastases than clear cell RCC. The objective of this study was to compare the predictive significance of positive lymph node count (PLNC) versus lymph node ratio (LNR) in pRCC.
Methods
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was searched, and a total of 372 patients with pRCC were selected. The optimum cut-off values for PLNC and LNR were determined. We performed χ2 or Fisher’s exact probability test to determine whether certain clinicopathological traits were associated with LNR or PLNC. Independent predictors of 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. The association between LNR and PLNC was determined using Spearman correlation analysis.
Results
Patients with high levels of LNR or PLNC were associated with advanced 6th/7th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, T stage, N stage, M stage, and higher pathological grade. According to the univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, the 6th/7th AJCC stage, T stage, N stage, M stage, tumor size, pathological grade, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, PLNC, and LNR were significantly linked to prognosis. Unlike PLNC, LNR was an independent predictive factor for OS and CSS based on the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. A subgroup analysis of patients with positive nodes corroborated these findings.
Conclusion
LNR may have greater prognostic value than PLNC in pRCC.
Construction of a potato moisture diagnosis model based on hyperspectral characteristic parameters
Authors: Suyala Qiqige , Zhang Zhenxin , Jia Liguo , Fan Mingshou , Tian Yanhua , Kang Sarula
Published: August 2023

Proper water supply is crucial for high-yielding and high-quality potato tubers. Therefore, the accurate monitoring of potato water and precision irrigation based on water scarcity information has important practical significance for potato water-saving management. Hyperspectral remote sensing has unique advantages in diagnosing crop water stress. In this paper, we measured the canopy spectral reflectance and plant water content under five irrigation treatments. The characteristic spectral parameters that responded to plant water status were selected, and a hyperspectral moisture diagnosis model of the potato leaf water content (LWC) and aboveground water content (AGWC) was established. We found that both the potato LWC and AGWC significantly decreased with increasing water stress. The potato canopy hyperspectral reflectance peak appeared in the red edge region, and this area’s reflectance varied significantly under different water treatments and decreased with decreased irrigation. Six potato moisture monitoring models with the sensitive band, first derivative, and water spectral index were established. The R2 values of the partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector machine (SVM), and BP neural network (BP) models between the LWC and hyperspectral data were 0.8418, 0.9020, and 0.8926, respectively. The R2 of the PLSR, SVM, and BP models between the AGWC and the hyperspectral data reached 0.8003, 0.8167, and 0.8671, respectively. All of the six models can realize the prediction of potato plant water content, but SVM was the best model for predicting the LWC of potato. These results will be highly significant in guiding the precision irrigation of different growth stages of potatoes.
Frequency-dependent selection of neoantigens fosters tumor immune escape and predicts immunotherapy response
Authors: Hu Zheng , Chen Shaoqing , Xie Duo , Wang Jiguang , Zhou Da
Published: August 2023

Cancer progression is an evolutionary process undergoing stringent immune selection. However, recent studies have revealed that certain tumors undergo neutral evolution following the malignant transformation. Here, we propose negative frequency-dependent selection (or NFDS), where the immune response against cancer cells depends on the clonality of neoantigens, can lead to an immunogenic landscape that is similar to neutral evolution. With a stochastic model of NFDS, we demonstrated that NFDSpromotes early immune evasion in hypermutable tumors, leading to neutral-like evolutionary dynamics with high antigenic heterogeneity and worse response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Our model also revealed that NFDSis characterized by a negative association between average clonality and total burden of neoantigens. Indeed, NFDS was validated with whole-exome sequencing datasets (357 tumor samples from 275 patients) from four melanoma cohorts with ICB therapy. Altogether, our study provides the first quantitative evidence supporting the theory of NFDS in immune-driven cancer evolution. These findings highlight the critical role of NFDS theory in devising more efficient and predictive immunotherapies.
Giant adiabatic temperature change and its direct measurement of a barocaloric effect in a charge-transfer solid
Authors: Ohkoshi Shin-ichi , Nakagawa Kosuke , Yoshikiyo Marie , Namai Asuka , Imoto Kenta , Nagane Yugo , Jia Fangda , Stefańczyk Olaf , Tokoro Hiroko , Wang Junhao , Sugahara Takeshi , Chiba Kouji , Kazuhiko Motodohi , Isogai Kazuo , Nishioka Koki , Momiki Takashi , Hatano Ryu
Published: August 2023

Solid refrigerants exhibiting a caloric effect upon applying external stimuli may be an alternative to gaseous refrigerants. Herein, we report a new inorganic refrigerant, rubidium cyano-bridged manganese–iron–cobalt ternary metal assembly (cyano-RbMnFeCo). Cyano-RbMnFeCo shows a giant reversible barocaloric effect with extremely large reversible adiabatic temperature changes (|∆Tad,rev|) of 74 K (from 57 ℃ to −17 ℃) at 340 MPa, and 85 K (from 88 ℃ to 3 ℃) at 560 MPa. These are the largest |∆Tad,rev| values reported among all caloric effects. The reversible refrigerant capacity (RCrev) of 26000 J kg−1 and temperature window (Tspan,rev) of 142 K are also the largest values. Additionally, cyano-RbMnFeCo shows barocaloric effects even at low pressures, e.g., |∆Tad,rev| = 21 K at 90 MPa. Furthermore, direct measurement of the temperature change (∆Tobs) using a thermocouple shows ∆Tobs = +44 K by applying pressure, which is the largest practically measured temperature change among all caloric effect materials. The temperature increase and decrease upon pressure application and release is repeated over 100 cycles without any degradation of the ∆Tobs performance. This material series also possesses a high thermal conductivity value of 20.4 W m−1 K−1. The present barocaloric material may realize a high-efficiency solid refrigerant.
Fast aerodynamics prediction of wedge tail airfoils using multi-head perceptron network
Authors: Hasan Md. Moynul , Rahaman Md. Mashiur , Zakaria N. M. Golam
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to predict the flow fields and aerodynamic coefficients of wedge tail airfoils using a multi-head perceptron (MHP) network and classical machine learning (ML) algorithms, including k-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF). These predictions were based on airfoil sections, x-y grid coordinates, Mach number, and angle of attack, eliminating the need to solve the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations. The database required for training the MHP network and the ML models were generated using the Ansys solver, which solved the NS equations. The results of the models were compared, and it was observed that the MHP network consistently outperformed the others in terms of prediction accuracy. The R2 score of these models on the test data was found to be close to 1. Additionally, the prediction process demonstrated a significant speed improvement of 125 times compared to conventional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. Once the training was completed, the flow fields and aerodynamic coefficients for a wedge tail airfoil could be obtained within seconds.
Investigating the PI3P binding pockets of Plasmodium falciparum HSP70 proteins
Authors: Upadhyay Vipul , Kaur Satinder , hora Rachna , Mishra Prakash Chandra
Published: August 2023

The 70 kDa Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) heat shock proteins (PfHSP70s) are an important class of molecules that are critically involved in parasite survival through periods of stress. Interaction between the cytosolic PfHSP70-1 and a crucial lipid modulator, phosphatidylinositol 3 phosphate (PI3P) stabilizes the parasite digestive vacuole (DV) to facilitate haemoglobin trafficking and breakdown in turn impacting parasite survival. The PI3P binding region on PfHSP70-1 is hosted by its C-terminal LID domain that controls substrate binding. Lipidic regulator ‘PI3P’ and PfHSP70 homologs are amply expressed together in various subcellular compartments of the parasite providing these with an opportunity to interact and affect biological processes. Here, we have identified and analysed the PI3P binding pockets of all four PfHSP70s by using structural bioinformatics tools in an attempt to understand their interaction with this lipid. Our results show that differently localized PfHSP70 homologs bind PI3P with variable affinity. Analysis of these results has also helped to pinpoint specific residues on PfHSP70s that may be engaged in these interactions. The present study may therefore form the basis for designing interventions that hinder PfHSP70-PI3P interaction and influence parasite survival.
Effect of Social Media Usage on Digital Carbon Footprint: Analyzing Awareness Level of Social Media Users of Punjab
Authors: Naeem Roha , Bajwa Amir Mehmood , Sattar Humayun , Naeem Bisma
Published: August 2023

The increasing use of social media platforms has raised concerns about its environmental impact in terms of digital carbon footprint. This research aims to analyze the awareness level of social media users in Punjab, Pakistan, regarding the concept of digital carbon footprint, and to identify the pro environmental behaviors that can encourage social media users to reduce their social media usage. Additionally, this research is considered to resolve the extent of coverage given to digital carbon footprint issue by English Dailies of Pakistan. Quantitative approach with two research designs i.e. survey and content analysis has been used to reach the desired objectives. The data of DAWN and Express Tribune is collected through content analysis within the selected time period (2020-2022). The major issues selected for the content analysis study are Carbon Emissions, Internet carbon emissions, Electronic Waste, Gaming carbon emission and social media carbon emission. The research was carried out under the umbrella of Agenda setting theory and Theory of planned behavior. For the survey design, a simple random sampling technique was employed to select sample (n=335) respondents between the ages of 18 and 26 from Lahore, Okara, Faisalabad, and Rawalpindi. The findings reveal a lack of awareness among social media users in Punjab regarding digital carbon footprint which is due to limited coverage provided by print media on this issue However, the results also highlights the potential of pro-environmental behavior as a means to reduce social media usage which indirectly decreases the digital carbon footprint., Ultimately, this research aims to foster a more environmentally conscious digital society by promoting responsible social media use and reducing the digital carbon footprint.
Oscillando tra sinofobia e sinofilia: un’analisi del discorso mediatico sui cinesi in Italia ai tempi del Covid
Authors: Scibetta Andrea
Published: August 2023

Questo contributo ha l’obiettivo di presentare un’analisi qualitativa condotta su un corpus di 48 testi giornalistici, raccolti da quotidiani italiani (n = 24) e giornali e/o portali web per cinesi d’oltremare residenti in Italia (n = 24). Il focus principale dell’analisi riguarda l’impatto della pandemia da COVID-19 sulle vite dei cinesi e dei sinodiscendenti in Italia. Il framework metodologico dello studio assume una connotazione triplice. Innanzitutto viene enfatizzato un approccio misto, che mette in relazione la Grounded Theory (Charmaz, 2006) e la Qualitative Content Analysis (Ji & Eun, 2014). Lo strumento usato per mettere in pratica tale approccio è il software multifunzionale Nvivo 11, un programma che finora è stato adoperato in diversi settori della conoscenza, come la sociologia, la psicologia e l’etnografia (Pacifico & Coppola, 2010). Infine, per quanto riguarda il processo di etichettatura dei nodi concettuali codificati attraverso Nvivo, un’ulteriore prospettiva è stata presa in considerazione, ovvero quella dei Chinese Discourse Studies (Shi-xu, 2014). I risultati dell'analisi contribuiscono ad interpretare, da varie angolature, diversi aspetti dell'impatto del Covid-19 sulla vita di cinesi e sinodiscendenti in italia.
Analysis of crime factors with hybrid cognitive maps
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Prokudin Aleksandr A. , Silich Maria P. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: August 2023

A hybrid cognitive map has been created to assess the socioeconomic factors of crime and their relationships based on statistical data. The current state and change dynamics of every selected factor for each region of Russia were assessed with linguistic terms using fuzzy logic. Regression analysis was used to assess the impact that the factors have on each other. The resulting model can be used for diagnostics or comparative analysis, an example is given that compares crime rates in different federal districts.
Cepstral signal processing in a passive single-position radio source location system
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Polyanskich Petr A. , Denisov Vadim P. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Mescheryakov Alexander A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: August 2023

The possibility of using cepstral analysis for signal processing in a passive single-position radio source location system is investigated. The method is applied to the processing of direct and re-reflected signals from terrain elements on terrestrial propagation routes. The theory of the cepstral method and the results of numerical calculations for the case of several reflected signals are presented. The difficulties of using cepstrals for measuring delays when there are many reflected signals are analyzed. It is shown that in order to visually distinguish the reflected pulses, their amplitudes must significantly exceed the background due to scattering of the direct signal by elements of the surrounding terrain.
Design of stripline resonators for measuring the εr and tgδ of sheet dielectric materials in the microwave range
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Minenko Dmitriy E. , Sheyerman Fedor I. ,   Institute «Microelectronic Systems»
Published: August 2023

The development of stripline resonators in the problems of measuring the relative permittivity and the dielectric loss tangent of sheet dielectric materials in the microwave range is described. The results of measurements of the characteristics of the developed strip resonators are presented. The disadvantages and advantages of measuring equipment used in similar measurement methods are described.
Применение быстродействующих рекурсивно-сепарабельных фильтров для обработки зашумленных изображений
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Tolmacheva Aleksandra S. , Kamensky Andrey V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Tislenko Aleksey A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Titov Dmitry V. ,   Southwest State University
Published: August 2023

The paper provides a description of the algorithms developed for the implementation of high-speed filters, using the example of a moving average filter and a trapezoidal recursively separable filter. The speed evaluation results of the developed algorithms with an aperture dimension of 7x7 elements are presented in comparison with the classical twodimensional convolution. The influence of image processing formed by active-pulse television-measuring systems on the distance accuracy to objects of interest is estimated. As part of the study, the central element of the masks of the developed filters was changed in the range from -14 to 14, in parallel with this, the signal-to-noise ratio for the processed images was controlled.
Multiple of solutions for the choosing measures task to cybersecurity of critical infrastructure
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University, Milko Dmitry S. , Daneev Alexey V. ,   Irkutsk State Transport University
Published: August 2023

Cybersecurity of critical information infrastructure is achieved by developing an information security system. It includes organizational and technical measures. The complexity in its development is not only the choice of information security measures (it depends on many criteria), but also the compilation of a set of all options suitable for solving this problem, especially if the object of critical information infrastructure is a state (municipal) information system or a personal data information system. In this paper, a comparative analysis of all possible protection measures is carried out to obtain a consolidated set of options.
PENINGKATAN KREATIVITAS ANAK UMUR 7-8 TAHUN MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN SESI AKTIVITAS IBADAH ANAK DARING
Authors: Ratnasari Anisza
Published: August 2023

Kondisi pandemi memaksa anak-anak untuk bermain, belajar dan beribadah di rumah. Ibadah anak daring harus memiliki esensi yang sama dengan ibadah onsite. Sesi pujian, cerita dan aktivitas disusun dengan mempertimbangkan kemampuan fisik, kognitif, motorik dan verbal anak. Kegiatan yang merupakan bagian dari komisi anak GKI GS ini dilakukan daring setiap Minggu pukul 10.30-11.45 WIB. Pelaksanaannya berfokus pada jenjang kelas tengah, yaitu anak usia 7-8 tahun (kelas 2) yang berjumlah 47 anak. Bentuk kegiatan pelayanan ini dilakukan melalui pendampingan sesi ibadah, mulai; salam pembuka, pujian, persembahan, cerita dan sesi aktivitas. Pengajar secara  interaktif dan inovatif mengemas dan menyampaikan masing-masing sesi melalui berbagai media pembelajaran kreatif. Umpan balik dari pemahaman materi minggu sebelumnya dapat dilihat dari foto atau video aktivitas yang dikirimkan melalui grup whatssapp orang tua. Kurikulum pengajaran menyesuaikan kalender akademik semester genap jenjang sekolah dasar, yaitu bulan Januari-Juni. Pada 2 (dua) bulan awal hanya kurang dari 20% anak memberikan umpan balik, namun pada bulan Maret-Mei jumlah umpan balik mengalami peningkatan. Meskipun ibadah anak saat ini dilakukan secara daring, melalui pendampingan sesi aktivitas yang dikemas secara kreatif untuk mendukung tema ibadah, diharapkan menjadikan anak-anak lebih aktif, interaktif, meningkatnya motivasi belajar dan tentu saja meningkatkan kreativitas anak.
PEMBINAAN OLIMPIADE MATEMATIKA DI SMP NEGERI 4 KOTA SUNGAI PENUH
Authors: Patmala Kiki , Aien Nurul , Nada Nabillah Qatrun , Salmila Yepa , Anggraini Reri Seprina
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan pembinaan olimpiade matematika dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 4 Kota Sungai Penuh. Kegiatan  ini diikuti oleh siswa yang memiliki minat dan potensi di bidang matematika. Pembinaan dilakukan selama 3 kali pertemuan. Kegiatan pembinaan ini terangkum dalam 3 tahapan yaitu pre test, treatment, dan post test. Metode pelaksanaan pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, presentasi. Pada hasil post test yang diberikan, menunjukkan bahwa 7 orang siswa memperoleh nilai 10-20. Hal tersebut dikarenakan beberapa siswa tidak mengikuti proses pembinaan secara keseluruhan.
El discurso maquiaveliano sobre la revuelta de los ciompi interpretado desde la primacía del miedo y la teoría de los humores
Authors: Quer Matías
Published: August 2023

En este artículo se propone, como clave de lectura para entender la filosofía política de Maquiavelo, una síntesis, por una parte, entre la primacía del miedo identificada por Leo Strauss y, por otra parte, siguiendo a Claude Lefort, la prioridad del conflicto político causada por los humores. Se discuten las dificultades y el alcance del intento de articular las interpretaciones de Strauss y Lefort sobre Maquiavelo. Una vez mostrada la manera en que la primacía del miedo permite articular las tensiones internas de la teoría de los humores, se aplica la combinación de ambas en el paradigmático discurso de Istorie fiorentine III 13, sobre la revuelta de los ciompi.
Precedentes conceptuales para una ecosuicidología
Authors: Baquedano Jer Sandra
Published: August 2023

El problema de la destrucción antropogénica de la naturaleza vincula en lo fundamental las nociones de “Antropoceno” y “ecocidio”. Este no solo implica un crimen contra la biodiversidad, sino también una forma de autodestrucción ambiental que involucra al ser humano. Una humanidad que en su desarrollo ha construido la historia y legado simbólicos avances sobre la base de la degradación del entorno es agente de esa naturaleza a la cual se enfrenta, así como (por extensión) el microcosmos incide en el macrocosmos en que está inserto sin encontrarse fuera ni ser independiente de él. El objetivo de este artículo es explicar cómo, gracias a la comprensión de la naturaleza y a la naturaleza misma en cuanto razón, es posible sondear a profundidad, desde el complejo global autodestructivo, la necesidad de una ecosuicidología. Para ello, presento el sentido y el significado filosófico del término.
A novel model for predicting tenacity and unevenness of ring-spun yarn: a special case in textile engineering
Authors: Putra Valentinus Galih Vidia , Mohamad Juliany Ningsih
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to model the unevenness and tenacity of ring-spun yarn in a special case in textile engineering using response surface methodology. Yarn number and front roll speed were input variables, while yarn tenacity and unevenness were response/output variables. This study showed that the response surface methodology (RSM) could predict the yarn’s tenacity and unevenness with the yarn coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.99 and 0.98 and with the error sum of square (SS residual) values 0.00187 and 0.003215, respectively. We also found that an artificial neural network (ANN) could predict the yarn's tenacity and unevenness with the yarn coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.51 and 0.63 and with the error sum of square (SS residual) values 1.48 and 0.856, respectively. It was concluded that the response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) could predict the yarn's tenacity and unevenness. Response surface methodology (RSM) predicts yarn characteristics better than ANN with MIMO (multiple inputs, multiple outputs) modeling. The novelty of this study is that we used RSM and ANN for the first time to obtain the tenacity and unevenness of ring-spun yarn accurately. A simpler approach was employed in this study for predicting tenacity and unevenness using RSM and ANN; however, future research holds the potential for incorporating advanced mathematical models to enhance the prediction. This research suggests that RSM and ANN can be applied to predicting the tenacity and unevenness of ring-spun yarn. The scientific application of this research is that the investigation will benefit practitioners in the textile industry to optimize yarn parameters by ring spinning machines.
Dynamics of the transport of total suspended sediments in the Mefou watershed at Nkolbisson-Yaounde
Authors: Choumele Jiague Ronny Roy , Kengni Lucas , Fouepe Takounjou Alain
Published: August 2023

This study carried out in the Mefou watershed aimed to assess the quantity of suspended solids in suspension. For this study, a water level gauge was installed at the main station at Etoud, four discharge measurements representing the seasons were carried out and water samples were collected. The maximum liquid discharge to the Lake Mefou was 3.92 m3/s observed during the long rainy season, while the minimum observed during the long dry season was 0.58 m3/s. Meanwhile, the maximum solid discharge to the Lake Mefou observed during the short rainy season was 598.8 mg/s and the minimum of 14.85 mg/s was observed in June during the short dry season. It is then evident that the amount of suspended sediments in the river is not proportional to the flow rate. The mobilization of solid particles in the watershed resulted in an annual total flux of 5.74 T/year into the lake reservoir. This result is not yet alarming for the reservoir lifespan but testify to the permanent activity of erosion in this environment caused by the combination of various natural and anthropogenic processes such as climate change and land use activities.
Medical Imaging Technology, 3D Printing and Medical Applications
Authors: Kauthankar Akshada
Published: August 2023

Background:

3-dimensional (3D) printing denotes the various techniques, which are used to manufacture 3D anatomical from the patient data that is acquired. These models are rapidly gaining popularity in the medical community. Medical imaging modalities such as Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and even ultrasonography have been used to assist in the manufacturing of 3D models. Currently, 3D printing has various medical applications, which includes pre-surgical planning, intra-operative planning, simulation models, manufacture of prosthesis and surgical tools.

Methods:

The PubMed database was searched for articles on 3D printing and applications of 3D printing. Relevant articles with basic physics, applications, advantages, and limitations were included in the study. The studies considered were dated from 2012 to 2022.

Conclusion:

3D printing is rapidly gaining popularity in the medical field due to its numerous applications. 3D printed equipment has various advantages, such as better fit due to customized implants, better patient comfort along with lesser manufacturing cost. Simulation models, Preoperative and intra-operative models help in guiding the surgeons during the surgery as well as deciding appropriate approaches for a better surgical outcome and success.
Diffusion-weighted MRI at the Late Stage after Radiotherapy for Evaluating
Salivary Gland Injury
Authors: Xia Xiaoxue , Wu Lifen , Li Tong , Tang Qi , Liang Lizhong
Published: August 2023

Objective:

Salivary gland injury is the main complication of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) as a reliable tool to assess salivary gland function in NPC patients after radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:

This study analysed the MR images of 31 NPC patients at different time points within 2-3 years after radiotherapy. The changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and its relationship with radiation dose were analysed.

Results:

Both the parotid and submandibular gland ADC values increased significantly 3-6 months after radiotherapy and then decreased gradually. The ADC value of the parotid gland was positively correlated with radiation dose at the late stage (P = 0.012, r = 0.359). The submandibular gland ADC change value (P = 0.035) and change ratio (P = 0.027) of the high radiation dose group were significantly lower than those of the low dose group at the late stage.

Conclusion:

The correlation between ADC values of parotid and submandibular glands and the radiation dose indicated that DW-MRI could be helpful in evaluating salivary gland injury after radiotherapy.
Advanced Drug Discovery Techniques for Identification of Natural Resources as Potential Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Chandy Steffy Mary , Khabiya Rakhi , Dwivedi Akanksha , Pratap Choudhary Gajendra , Narayanrao Darwhejar Gajanan , Kumar Jain Sachin
Published: August 2023

Emerging disease threat and the mortality rate associated with it has
triggered the need for the identification of treatment and prevention of such diseases.
Natural products are known for here therapeutic value and can act as a prominent
source for the identification of new drugs for these diseases. Many different strategies
have been developed to identify and obtain newer drugs from natural resources. Natural
products are a potential source of drugs for many diseases due to their structural
diversity and already reported biological activity. Lead compounds for many lethal
diseases, such as the recently emerged infectious disease COVID-19 have been
identified using computational techniques which may help to curb the COVID-19
outbreak. Omics-based techniques such as proteomics, genomics, metabolomics,
transcriptomics, etc, have become one of the most helpful techniques for discovering
drug products from natural resources. CRISPR is another such technique that combines
bioinformatics, genomics and synthetic biology. It is a DNA-targeting genome editing
tool that has aided medical research. Other than these, many more drug discovery tools
such as multi-omics, combinatorial biosynthesis, artificial intelligence and 3D printing
have been a boon for identifying natural products with diverse chemical structures and
therapeutic indexes. Advanced computational techniques have helped develop potential
drug candidates with desired therapeutic activity. This chapter focuses on recent
computational techniques employed to discover drugs from natural resources.
Mikania Species: Revealing Phytochemicals from the Pandora’s Box
Authors: Sarkar Arnab , Banerjee Tanmoy , Maji Avik , Paul Abhik , Guria Tanmoy
Published: August 2023

Natural medicines and traditional remedies are pretty valuable. Ayurveda,
Traditional Chinese medicine, and Unani have all been practised in various parts of the
world and have grown into well-organized medical systems. Secondary metabolites
such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins have already established their anti-microbial,
anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer attributes. Mikania is one such plant genus used in folk
medicine, which belongs to the Asteraceae family and is native to Central and South
America. Still, it is extensively dispersed in Southeast Asia and Pacific Islands.
Phytometabolites, viz., mikanolides and achalensolide, have emerged as potent
antineoplastic agents. Sesquiterpene lactones such as deoxymikanolide and mikanolide
possess anti-microbial activities. Apart from sesquiterpenes, several phenolic
compounds comprising (+)-isolariciresinol and protocatechuic aldehyde were found in
the aerial parts of Mikania micrantha. Antifungal activity of essential oil containing β.caryophyllene, δ-cadinene, and α-cubebene was characterized by GC/MS and isolated
from Mikania scandens. Various steroids and diterpenoids obtained from Mikania
cordata exhibited potent analgesic activity. This plant also contains germacrene D, β.pinene, and α-thujene, characterized by GC/MS. Many phenylpropanoids,
sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes obtained from Mikania laevigata were characterized
using NMR and mass spectrometry. Lupeol, lupeol acetate, and kaurene diterpenes
were derived from Mikania glomerata and validated using RP-HPLC methods.
The Innovation in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM): A review
Authors: Alaboudi S.F.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This review or research paper is illustrated to analytically assess and address one of potential industrial revolutions, which is Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). WAAM is classified from Hybrid Manufacturing (HM) processes. Thus, one of the Hybrid Manufacturing ultimate goals has always been to transcend the limitation aspects associated with the tradition process. As Artificial Intelligence (AI) has evolved and expanded all over the globe, Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been gradually developed and introduced to the world to be one of a distinguished innovative impact in the history of manufacturing. Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been improved over the conventional methods in the manufacturing world due to its advanced complexity, consistency, quality of work, and various advantages and contribution that satisfy the costumers needs and requirements. Various applications in the industry have proven the AM applicability to replace the conventional processes such as casting and machining as it can deal with very coplex shapes [3]. In spite of the fact that there are numerous materials that can be manufactured in the modern technologies of AM, such as polymers, metals, ceramic, and composites, the contribution of Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) arguably has been a significant influence in the industries in comparison to the others [1]. In this review paper the detailed deliverable information and materials which will be established and communicated in this paper will concentrate on the history of (WAAM) including its pros and cons, latest contribution to the industries, AM classifications, materials, and primary materials and practices in industry.
From Plastics to Microplastics: Quantification, Degradation and Mitigation
Authors: Herrasti P.
Published: August 2023

This chapter focuses on the transformation of plastics into smaller units such as microplastics. The most common degradation processes and the techniques used for their quantification and separation will be discussed. We will also try to see the most common and harmful processes for the environment that microplastics can produce, especially focusing on the processes of adsorption of pollutants that will be transported together with microplastics as a vector of pollution. Finally, we will indicate the methodologies used for the reuse of plastics, with the interest of some newer processes. We will end with some issues that should and must be addressed in the near future to prevent further contamination of the environment by these products.
Rural Social Capital in Organic Farmer Institutions in Rice Organic Farming
Authors: Inggrida Jedda , Mulyadi Fadli , Purnama Septian
Published: August 2023

Social capital is one of the seven fundamental capitals provided to groups or communities. Social capital is used to facilitate interpersonal interactions within a community or group. But nonetheless, only a small number of particular farmer groups, like the Sekar Putih Farming Group, have adopted organic farming methods to produce organic rice. One of the innovators and leaders in the production of organic rice is the Sekar Putih Farmer Group, who interpret the need for cohesiveness in interpersonal relationships. In theory, farmer groups are created because of the members' shared vision, mission, and goals as well as their shared work, which upholds the group's cohesiveness. 25 farmers were used as respondents with data collection using interview techniques, quantitative descriptive and scoring as data analysis methods. The results obtained are the formation of dynamics in farmer institutions, 37% of members have experienced conflicts but conflicts make the group more developed and conflicts can be controlled through equal empowerment. Social capital owned by the group has a high score, bonding social capital shows the togetherness of farmers in every cultivation process carried out and the distribution of information evenly to all group members. For bridging, it is shown by the number of training and empowerment programs that are often held and the Sekar Putih Group gets the opportunity to improve hard and soft skills in the cultivation process and information on market opportunities. In linking social capital, there is high trust in the acquisition of information related to fertilizers, pesticides and markets, this is inseparable from the communication that occurs among group members, both individually and in groups, relationships and interactions that are established can provide many positive sides.
Supply Chain Performance Analysis of Corn Processed Animal Feed
Authors: Sibuea Faiz , Sibuea Mhd. , Rahman Abdul , Hartanto Agustian
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the general description of the corn supply chain as a raw material for animal feed in the research area using the Food Supply Chain Networks (FSCN) model, to analyze the performance of the supply chain for corn as a raw material for animal feed in the study area using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The samples in the research were farmers (raw material suppliers), animal feed entrepreneurs, animal feed traders and breeders consisting of 7 farmers (raw material suppliers), 5 animal feed entrepreneurs, 10 animal feed traders and 8 breeders with the research location is in the Simalungun Regency. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that in general, the supply chain for corn as a raw material for animal feed in this study area is farmers (raw material suppliers) - animal feed entrepreneurs - animal feed traders - breeders (consumers). From a business point of view, the supply chain for corn as a raw material for animal feed has carried out two business processes, namely procurement and customer orders. Supply chain performance in the study area is quite consistent with a consistency ratio value of 0.015. The value points that there is good cooperation from partnerships such as raw material suppliers who are currently still able to meet demands from entrepreneurs, then the consistency obtained from this method is also related to a workforce that is skilled enough to help develop businesses and can support the development of product marketing.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI PATI JAGUNG DALAM PEMBUATAN EDIBLE FILM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK DAUN BELIMBING WULUH
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Novita Afifah Tri , Widyasanti Asri ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Rosalinda S. ,   Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: August 2023

Pati jagung memiliki kestabilan tekstur yang baik dalam proses pembuatan Edible Film (EF). Ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh yang ditambahkan dalam pembuatan EF ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas EF, dikarenakan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh mengandung flavonoid, tannin, dan saponin. Penambahan konsentrasi pati jagung akan mempengaruhi karakteristik fisik EF. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi pati jagung (rasio 1, 2, dan 3% b/v) terhadap karakteristik fisik EF. Metode eksperimental laboratorium digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Beberapa parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah rendemen pengeringan, kelarutan, dan laju transmisi uap air. Berdasarkan parameter tersebut, perlakuan terbaik dalam penambahan pati jagung adalah sebanyak 3% b/v, dimana memiliki nilai kelarutan dan laju transmisi uap terendah secara berurutan adalah 36.68% dan 2.24g/m2.jam. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, semakin tinggi konsentrasi pati jagung dalam pembuatan EF, akan diperoleh karakteristik fisik EF yang terbaik.
THE EFFECT OF THE PROPORTION OF JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyllus) SEED FLOUR AND THE ADDITION OF EGGS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DRY NOODLES
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Novita Nurida Tri , Sarofa Ulya ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Winarti Sri ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur
Published: August 2023

Jackfruit seed flour (Artocarpus heterophyllus) can be used as a substitute for wheat flour in noodles production due to its high starch content and nutritional value. In addition, carrot flour is another ingredient that can be used in the production of dry noodles. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the proportion of wheat flour, jackfruit seed flour and carrot flour, together with the supply of eggs, on the quality of the dry noodles produced. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with two factors and three replications. Factor I was the ratio of wheat flour: jackfruit seed flour: carrot flour (90:5:5, 80:15:5, 70:25:5). Factor II was the addition of egg (5%, 10% and 15%). The best treatment was dry noodles made of 90% wheat flour: 5% jackfruit seed flour: 5% carrot flour and 15% egg addition, which gave the results of moisture content 7.71%, ash content 2.34%, protein content 10.68%, starch content 64.18%, amylose content 24.29%, rehydration power 55.66%, cooking loss 6.07%, elasticity 8.17%; favourability of colour, taste, aroma, texture 3.52, 3.44, 3.40, 3.48 (like).
Intercultural Citizenship in Language Education
Authors: Spenader Allison J.
Published: August 2023

This book explores Intercultural Citizenship across a variety of US learning contexts. The chapters, which comprise both conceptual and empirical studies, represent a wide variety of languages at levels ranging from beginner to advanced. They urge us to look at how Intercultural Citizenship enhances and expands the work of world language educators.
Lugar da Formação de Adultos na Pesquisa Sobre a Iniciação à Docência
Authors: Gariglio José Angelo , Cavaco Carmen
Published: August 2023

Este artigo relata os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivos identificar e analisar as conexões teórico metodológicas entre os estudos sobre a aprendizagem docente de professores iniciantes e o campo de investigação sobre a formação de adultos. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico meta-analítico que se valeu da análise da produção acadêmica contida nas teses de doutorado elaboradas no Brasil e em Portugal (entre os anos de 2000 e 2021), teses essas que tinham como tema central de investigação a iniciação à docência. A investigação mostrou que as problemáticas, os conceitos, autores e metodologias, próprias do campo da pesquisa sobre a formação de adultos, pouco são mobilizadas para fins de compreensão dos processos de desenvolvimento profissional de professores início de carreira.
Aprendizagem da Docência de Professores Formadores
Authors: Carvalhêdo Josania Lima Portela , Maquissene Júlio Laissone
Published: August 2023

Com o objetivo de analisar como ocorre a aprendizagem da docência em razão da prática educativa de professores formadores do Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Púnguè - UniPúnguè, em Moçambique, no distrito de Manica, referenciada no método autobiográfico, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa narrativa, mediante entrevista narrativa com quatro professores formadores, e análise de dados compreensiva-interpretativa, ancorada em Souza (2014). Os dados revelam a aprendizagem da docência no processo de desenvolvimento profissional dos professores formadores a partir da formação continuada em cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu e em outros processos formativos, com base na troca de experiências individuais e coletivas, trocas com os pares – em comunidades de aprendizagem – e com os estudantes. Concluiu-se que em razão da prática educativa, a aprendizagem da docência ocorre de diversas formas, seja com os pares ou com os estudantes, percebendo-se a ausência da investigação científica para esse fim no contexto investigado.