bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Pengawas dalam Meningkatkan Profesionalisme Kinerja Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Isyaroh Siti
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana mengatur dan mengelola kinerja guru PAI yang dilakukan oleh pengawas, sehingga menciptakan guru PAI yang berkualitas tinggi, metode penlitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dimana penulis mencoba mengungkapkan prosedur atau cara untuk mengetahui sesuatu dengan langkah-langkah sistematis dan untuk mendapatkan fakta atau prinsip baru berupa data, argument yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pengertian atau hal-hal baru terkait manajemen kinerja. Dan penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dan menggunakan analisis untuk menjelaskan fenomena sedalam-dalamnya dan mengumpulkan data sedalam-dalamnya, sumber data dan jenis data merupakan data sekunder dengan mengambil dari studi literatur, daftar pustaka dan media. Dari penilitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada beberapa tindakan yang harus dilakukan oleh seorang pengawas dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru PAI yaitu dengan menyusun perencanaan program yang baik, pelaksanaan program yang telah direancanakan dengan survei akademik yang dilakukan pengawas, menilai dan mengevaluasi program kerja yang dilakukan oleh guru PAI dan melakukan tindak lanjut dan penyelesaian masalah yang terjadi.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Guru dalam Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran melalui Supervisi Akademik di Guru Binaan
Authors: Salamah Iis Mamah
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah yang membahas tetang upaya meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam penggunaan model pembelajaran melalui suvervisi akademik di guru binaan kecamatan Dawuan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriftif komparatif, yang membandingkan kondisi awal dengan hasil siklus I Teknik suvervisi klinis dan siklus II dengan Teknik percakapan pribadi. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi yang bersifat daur ulang atau siklus. Berdasarakan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa suvervisi klinis dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran dari  Guru PAI kelas IV pra siklus persentasi kemampuan 1,83; siklus I 2,55 dan siklus II naik menjadi 3,67. Guru PAI Kelas V Prasiklus persentase kemampuan pembelajaran 2,00, Siklus I 2,67 dan siklus II naik menjadi 3,67. Guru PAI Kelas VI Prasiklus persetase kemampuan guru menggunakan metode pembelajaran Prasiklus 1,83, Siklus I 2,67 dan siklus II naik menjadi 3,50. Dari data diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa suvervisi dapat membatu guru-guru PAI dalam meningkatakan kemampuannya dalam melakukan pembelajaran.
Faktor Anteseden Niat Perubahan Perilaku Masyarakat
Authors: Magdalena Nonie , Tjahyadi Rully Arlan , C. Keven
Published: February 2023

Kolaborasi para pelaku perubahan sangat memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk perubahan masyarakat. Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan model penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis faktor-faktor anteseden yang berpengaruh pada niat perubahan perilaku masyarakat. 526 orang masyarakat Indonesia usia produktif yang pernah mengetahui kampanye pemasaran sosial 5M menjadi sampel penelitian. Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner tertutup dan pengolahan data menggunakan regresi multivariate dengan pendekatan model jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor kesadaran pribadi, pengetahuan, persepsi pribadi masyarakat, pengetahuan dan pemahaman kampanye pemasaran sosial, serta sikap mengarah krisis memiliki pengaruh lebih besar pada niat perubahan perilaku masyarakat. Namun, sikap mengarah pada krisis tetap memiliki peran sebagai variabel perantara.
Pengaruh Disiplin dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Komitmen Kerja yang Berimplikasi pada Loyalitas Karyawan PT. Flexindo Segara (Studi pada Operator Produksi PT. Flexindo Segara)
Authors: Nur Muhammad , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin, kepemimpinan terhadap komitmen kerja yang berimplikasi pada loyalitas karyawan di PT. Flexindo Segara bagian operator produksi. Jumlah populasi yang ada dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 125 orang dengan penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus slovin yang menghasilkan 95 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan analisa model Sructural Equation Modeling (SEM) untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh variabel independent terhadap variabel dependent melalui variabel intervening, dilakukan dengan menggunakan program lisrel 8.8. Uji penelitian ini berhasil menyimpulkan bahwa disiplin berpengaruh terhadap komitmen kerja, kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap komitmen kerja, disiplin tidak berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas karyawan, kepemimpinan tidak berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas karyawan, komitmen kerja bepengaruh terhadap loyalitas karyawan, disiplin dan kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap komitmen kerja, disiplin, kepemimpinan, dan komitmen kerja berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas karyawan.
Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Karir terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Komitmen Organisasional sebagai Variabel Intervening di PT Syntronic Indonesia
Authors: Sutono Sutono , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: February 2023

Sumber daya manusia merupakan komponen vital dalam perusahaan. Untuk mendapatkan sumber daya manusia yang handal diperlukan pelatihan yang baik. Selain pelatihan, diperlukan juga pengembangan karir untuk merangsang produktifitas karyawan yang akhirnya dapat meningkatkan produktifitas perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh pelatihan dan pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan komitmen organisasional sebagai variabel intervening. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan sampel penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Syntronic Indonesia dengan sampel jenuh sebanyak 73 responden yang semuanya dijadikan sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) pelatihan dan pengembangan karir secara partial maupun simultan memberikan pengaruh terhadap kinerja. 2) komitmen organisasional memberikan pengaruh terhadap kinerja. 3) Pelatihan, pemgembangan karir serta komitmen organisasioal secara simultan memberikan pengaruh terhadp kinerja. 4) Komitmen organisasional tidak bisa dijadikan mediator antara pelatihan serta pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja.
Penguatan Pemahaman Matematika dengan Media GeoGebra Classroom Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar pada Siswa Kelas 8 SMP/MTs
Authors: Anhar Alfian , Brata Adika Setia , Lestari Windy
Published: February 2023

Kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi matematika yang bersifat abstrak masih sangat kurang terutama pada materi Tiga Dimensi Bangung Ruang Sisi Datar. Salah satu inovasi yang digunakan adalah memanfaatkan media pembelajaran yang menarik menggunakan Media GeoGebra Classroom sebagai penguatan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Depelopment dengan menggunakan model ADDIE untuk mengembangkan media GeoGebra Classroom. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa MTs/SMP kelas VIII sebanyak 20 siswa. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes dan kuisioner pendapat siswa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil validasi media dengan validitas rata-rata 4,4 serta memiliki nilai rata-rata kepraktisan media sebesar 4,45 yang termasuk katagori praktis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada hasil tes siswa yang menggunakan media GeoGebra Classroom sebagai media pembelajaran pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar. Ini berdasarkan uji t-test dari pretest dan posttest menunjukkan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05) yang artinya rata-rata pretest dan posttest adalah berbeda. Nilai p<0,05 dengan hasil belajar posttest (93,82) lebih baik dari pretest (64,57) sehingga media GeoGebra Classroom dinilai efektif digunakan sebagai sarana belajar siswa dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep belajar siswa MTs/SMP kelas VIII.
Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Portofolio Optimal pada Strategi Aktif dengan Metode Sharpe, Treynor dan Jensen Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: S Aulia P. Agusthine , Puspitasari Devi M.
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perbedaan kinerja portofolio optimal menggunakan strategi aktif dengan metode sharpe, treynor, dan Jensen. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi kinerja portofolio optimal dari 20 saham yang tercatat dalam Indeks IDX30 di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) diantaranya yaitu ADRO, ANTM, ASII, BBNI, BBRI, BBTN, BMRI, CPIN, GGRM, ICBP, INCO, KLBF, MDKA, PGAS, PTBA, SMGR, TINS, TLKM, TOWR, dan UNTR. Periode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu tahun 2018 sampai dengan 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan komparatif melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dikarenakan menggunakan data yang digunakan berupa angka. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini untuk strategi aktif adalah Single Index Model. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Uji Mann Whiney U-test. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis menemukan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan terhadap kinerja portofolio saham antara sebelum pandemi dan selama pandemi Covid-19 baik menggunakan metode indeks sharpe, indeks treynor, dan indeks jensen yang disebabkan oleh saham-saham yang terdapat pada indeks IDX30 merupakan perusahaan yang likuid dan memiliki kapitalis yang tinggi sehingga tahan terdahap pandemi.
Pengaruh Dimensi Social Commerce Marketing Mix terhadap Customer Loyalty Pada Produk Thrift di Platform Instagram
Authors: Himawan Rifqi P. , Puspitasari Devy M.
Published: February 2023

l beli barang bekas atau biasa disebut thrifting semakin berkembang, khususnya di sosial media di Instagram. Hal ini mempermudah konsumen untuk berbelanja secara online. Namun, seiring dengan meningkatnya social commerce juga ikut diiringi peningkatan penipuan di social commerce. Hal ini yang diperkirakan menjadi penyebab mengapa loyalitas konsumen di social commerce menjadi rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh dimensi social commerce marketing mix terhadap customer loyalty pada produk thrift di platform Instagram. Metode penelitiannya menggunakan data primer dengan menyebarkan kuesioner sebanyak 100 responden dengan menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis berupa uji validitas, realibilitas, uji asumsi klasik, koefeisien determinasi, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji hipotesis. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa relational capital berpengaruh siginfikan terhadap customer loyalty, social commerce convenience berpengaruh signifikan terhadap customer loyalty.
Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah dan Musyarakah terhadap Laba Bersih melalui Pendapatan Bagi Hasil pada Bank Umum Syariah
Authors: Purnama Iwan
Published: February 2023

Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Unutk Menganalisis Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah Yang Di Mediasi Oleh Pendapatan Bagi Hasil Terhadap Laba Bersih Dan Untuk Menganalisis Pengaruh Pembiayaan Musyarakah Yang Di Mediasi Oleh Pendapatan Bagi Hasil Terhadap Laba Bersih. Jenis Penelitian Yang Digunakan Dalam Penelitian Ini Adalah Penelitian Kuantitatif Dengan Pendekatan Asosiatif. Penelitian Kuantitatif Adalah Suatu Proses Menemukan Pengetahuan Dengan Menggunakan Data Berupa Angka Sebagai Alat Untuk Menemukan Keterangan Tentang Apa Yang Ingin Kita Ketahui. Sedangkan Asosiatif Adalah Penelitian Yang Dipakai Untuk Mengetahui Pengaruh Ataupun Korelasi Antara Dua Variabel Atau Lebih. Dibandingkan Dengan Deskriptif Dan Komperatif, Asosiatif Lebih Mempunyai Tingkatan Yang Tinggi Karena Dengan Penelitian Ini Dapat Dibangun Teori Yang Dapat Menjelaskan, Meramalkan Dan Mengontrol Suatu Gejala. Hasil Penelitian Menunjukan Bahwa Bagi Hasil Mampu Memediasi Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah Terhadap Laba Bersih, Sedangkan Pada Pembiayaan Musyarakah, Bagi Hasil Tidak Memediasi Pengaruh Pembiayaan Musyarakah Terhadap Laba Bersih. Bagi Hasil Mampu Memediasi Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah Terhadap Laba Bersih, Sedangkan Pada Pembiayaan Musyarakah, Bagi Hasil Tidak Memediasi Pengaruh Pembiayaan Musyarakah Terhadap Laba Bersih.
Selection of Optimum Land Leveling Design Method for Surface Irrigation
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed Hassan , Ahmed Mohamed Shaiban Mohamed , Musa Abbas Omran , D. Elfadil Abdelkarim
Published: February 2023

Land leveling or land grading of surface irrigated fields improve irrigation water distribution and application efficiencies, conserve water and increases crop productivity. Land formation for irrigation face many constraints (ensuring proper slopes, prevention of flood, ensuring canal water command over the field, optimizing earthwork, minimizing truck travel distances, proper equipment utilization). Design engineers traditionally, perform site formation design manually by plane shape, least squire or linear programming methods. Such methods are with different characteristics. The main objective this study is to select and compare performance of these three design methods for proper land leveling design. Consequently, the basic theory of these alternative design methods are reviewed and their performance using data surveyed from five fields in Khartoum North-Sudan, each with different soil surface topographic configurations, is analyzed. The statistical analysis revealed that the linear programming method is the most appropriate design method. Employing the linear programming design method revealed that design slopes in row and cross row directions are within the acceptable range (0.1 to 0.5, the ratio of Cut/fill volumes is within the recommended range (1.1 to 1.3), uniformity of distribution of design elevations of grid points are acceptable and within the target limits (80%), while their deviation is at 80% of grid points around the mean before leveling.
A Study on the Therapeutic Effect of 5-Azacytidine to Attenuate the Ramifying Repercussions of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury on Mitochondrial Molecular Machinery
Authors: Yegneshwaran Vasisht , Prem Priyanka N , Boovarahan Sri Rahavi , Kurian Gino A
Published: February 2023

5-Azacytidine is a hypomethylating agent that has for long been used in cancer therapy due to its ability to inhibit the protein DNA methyltransferase responsible for hyper-methylating DNA strands. Recently, studies involving in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments have assessed the cardioprotective effects of 5-Azacytidine during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the effect of this compound in restoring the damage induced to mitochondrial molecular machinery during IRI has not yet been explored. Understanding this would help us analyze the ways through which mito-targeted therapeutics can be used. The purpose of this study is to investigate the therapeutic impact of 5-Azacytidine, as DNA methylation is a very common epigenetic modification observed during IRI. Furthermore, the protective effect of the compound in alleviating the damage induced to mitochondria during IRI can be identified, as DNA methylation can leave a direct impact on the mitochondrial genes as well. An isolated mitochondria model will be used to determine the effects of 5-Azacydine on mitochondrial molecular machinery as the capacity to generate DNA, RNA, and proteins are preserved in isolated mitochondria. In this study, we focus on the mechanisms of mitochondrial replication, and translation to understand the effect of 5-Azacytidine on the IRI affected mitochondrial system. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also another key turn of events that happens during IRI. The role of 5-Azacyidine in preserving the functionality is also being assessed in our research. The findings of these experiments would help us determine the plasticity the compound imparts on mitochondrial molecular mechanism’s integrity and function post-induced IRI.
A Walk Through the History and Exploring the Conservation Project of Lalbagh Kella, an Incomplete Mughal Fort of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rasheed Sazzadur , Iqbal Mian Md Jawad Ibne , Sharmin Farhana
Published: February 2023

Lalbagh Fort was possibly the most significant construction project performed by Dhaka’s Mughal kings. Despite the fact that the complex was named “Lalbagh Fort” because of the huge defensive fortifications and gates, the masterplan and layouts of the structures that now survive bore little or no resemblance to other Mughal settlements in Bangla or elsewhere in India.The complex’s development lasted just a decade before it became uninhabited for unknown reasons. The brief history of the fort had been buried since 1688, and it remains unfinished to this day. Many efforts have been made to bring this monument’s legacy back to life after decades of oblivion. The main challenge appears to be the incomplete nature of the construction, as well as the scarcity of archaeological materials, literary evidence, and epigraphic texts available to architectural historians. Filling up this gap with these seemingly inconspicuous materials has undoubtedly confounded the existing conversation about this monument.This confusion characterizes Lalbagh’s architecture today. It raises a slew of concerns about its initial master plan, function, and construction history, to which we have yet to offer definitive answers due to the telescopic distance. This research attempts to investigate and evaluate many competing hypotheses concerning its architecture and the continuing conservation process. The fundamental goal is to depict the architecture and examine the conservation process.
Historical and Architectural Study of the Ambar Shah Mosque, an Ancient Mosque in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rasheed Sazzadur , Iqbal Mian Md Jawad Ibne , Farhana Sharmin Farhana Sharmin
Published: February 2023

The development of Islamic cities over the ages has always been aided by magnificent mosques. The religious practices of Islam’s teachings on nationhood serve as an example of this viewpoint, and the mosque concept has gained widespread acceptance as a means of both community building and religious expression. However, this focus on design, function, and aesthetics is examined and addressed as important topics regarding how the Muslim community interacts with mosques. According to this study, the continued performance of Islamic nationhood in the community is seen as indicative of the historic state mosque’s survival as a “iconic colossal edifice.” This study examines the perception of metropolitan city people’ preferences for the continuation of mosques as a symbol of national integration empirically. Because of the significant roles it performed as a location for historical events and as an architectural symbol that represented Islamic laws, this mosque is a structure of extraordinary architectural quality and unexceptional historical importance to the state. Despite the fact that our research was able to capture information on the mosque’s condition and architectural features, it is clear that more information is required to illustrate how to keep the mosque from deteriorating. Future generations must continue to examine every part of the mosque to make sure that the information needed for repair and maintenance work along with the nation’s progress toward modernity and globalization is not lost.
SELECTED TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PLANTS TO REDUCE POST-PRANDIAL HYPERGLYCAEMIA: AN IN VITRO SCREENING
Authors: Madam Archana , Sudhakaran Sudheesh
Published: February 2023

The present study is focussed on an in vitro approach to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of some selected traditional medicinal plants used by traditional practitioners of South India for curing hyperglycaemia. The study emphasized on the potential of the extracts to reduce post-prandial glucose levels through inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme, α-amylase and its mode of inhibition. Four different solvent fractions (Petroleum ether fraction, Chloroform fraction, Ethyl acetate fraction and 80% methanolic fraction) of extracts of shoots of Tinospora crispa (L) Hook.f. and Thomson, denoted as PE TC, CH TC, EA TC, 80%M TC and roots of Anacardium occidentale L, denoted as PE AO, CH AO, EA AO and 80%M AO were selected for antidiabetic screening. Phytochemical profiling of the extracts revealed that the all of the eight extracts were a rich repository of secondary metabolites. Ensuing to standard acarbose drug (IC50 value = 0.19 mg/mL), PE TC (IC50 value =1.49 mg/mL) outperformed among the fractions evaluated to exhibit an uncompetitive mode of inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme. 80%M AO, CH AO too exhibited substantial inhibitory activity on the enzyme followed by CH AO that showed a mixed inhibitory response. Remaining fractions remained uncompetitive. All the extracts exhibited potential antioxidant activity, 80% M AO being the best with an IC50 value of 0.026 mg/mL followed by EA AO (IC50 value =0.031 mg/mL). The cytotoxicity assay of the extracts on the MIN6 pancreatic cell lines revealed all the extracts to be least cytotoxic. Thus, PE TC and 80%M AO offers to be promising lead candidates to be developed as an efficient antidiabetic agents for post-prandial hyperglycaemia.
Forensic Accounting - A Game Changing Approach for Holistic Corporate Sector Development in India
Authors: Pawan Kumar Gupta
Published: February 2023

Forensic accounting is the prominent instrument in the field of accounting area to tackle the rampant situation of financial fraud. Forensic accounting is a specific branch of accounting. It involves the application of special skills such as accounting, auditing procedures, finance, quantitative methods, research, and investigations in accounting activities. With the rapid growth of technology in India after globalization, the trend of accounting is also changing as per the demand of stakeholders due to facing these complex natures of fraud. Forensic accounting is one of the transcendent examples in the area of accounting. It is capable to find out all kinds of fraud; if we use it attentively. The techniques of forensic accounting are also developing with the need of time. Modern technologies are more powerful in comparison to conventional technologies. In the dynamic cyber world, the complex natures of frauds are creating a need for research in the forensic accounting area. Since independence, the Incremental growth of voluminous financial scams is a black spot in the Indian economy. Moreover, the list of challenges to better practices of forensic accounting in India is too extensive. There are few agencies in India, which are dedicated to the mission of combating fraud for example- SFIO, FEMA, RBI, CBI (Economic Office Wing) deals with big financial scams, Central Vigilance Commission deals with corruption. In view of India, the better practices of forensic accounting should be observed by stakeholders carefully to boost economic growth.

The present study discusses the conceptual framework of forensic accounting, the implementation & progress of forensic accounting, the authorities involved, and suggestions for better implementation of forensic accounting from the Indian perspective.
Non-visual effects of CCT on drivers, evidence from EEG
Authors: Pan Zelei , Wang Haiyan , Wu Jinchun , Chen Quan
Published: February 2023

Currently, the mechanisms of non-visual effects of road lighting
environments on drivers are unclear. In this paper, Electroencephalography
(EEG) and other measures were used to record physiological and psychological
indicators during driving at different correlated color temperature(CCT)
levels (3500k vs. 4500k vs. 5500k vs. 6500k), with the aim of preliminarily
verifying the existence of non-visual effects of the lighting environment on
drivers on urban motor vehicle roads. The results suggest that 3500k and
4500k help to improve the subjects' mood, while 5500k and 6500k are more
likely to induce negative emotions in the subjects.
Drowsiness Prevention System in Automatic Driving -- Effects of Light
Position on Comfortable and Unconscious Wakefulness During Driving
Authors: Zhang Han , Lee Seunghee
Published: February 2023

With today's automated driving assistance, drivers must always remain
awake and aware of road conditions. In an emergency or when having
difficulty operating the automated driving system, the driver must
immediately assume vehicle control. In particular, autonomous driving is
currently used mainly on highways, where drivers are prone to drowsiness due
to the monotonous driving environment. Faced with this problem, many
researchers and companies have developed drowsiness-prevention driving
systems to prevent drivers from falling asleep. However, most conventional
methods force people to wake up to unpleasant loud sounds, neglecting the
driver's sense of driving experience. This study aims to identify the
effects of light position on comfortable and unconscious wakefulness during
driving. Specifically, we investigated 20 participants' concentration,
reaction time and stimulation experience evaluated by brainwave apparatus,
the Mackworth Clock Vigilance Test (MCVT), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS)
and the Subjective Evaluation Survey when three stimuli were used: voice
only, voice and handle lighting, voice and ambient lighting. The results
showed no significant differences between the three stimulation modalities
in KSS (p = .082) and MCVT (p =.547). Conversely, the evaluation of
audio-visual experience was significantly impacted by the position of
lighting by Bonferroni pairwise comparisons: when the handwheel light was
displayed, participants felt more surprised than with the other two stimuli
(p =.03). The findings of this study compare the effects of different light
positions on the audio-visual experience and provide reference suggestions
for the visual placement of drowsiness prevention systems.
When do People Expect Effortless In-Car Interactions?
Authors: Ince Ecem , Cha Kyungjoo , Cho Junghyun
Published: February 2023

Drivers have experienced various in-car interactions due to advanced
infotainment systems and digital integration in cars. The scope of in-car
interaction is likely to be further expanded in autonomous driving due to
the increased free time in the car for focusing on non-driving activities.
When designing in-car interactions, enhancing the in-car user experience by
giving drivers new abilities and providing them with effortless and
intuitive interactions is a worthy goal. Hence, understanding users’
perspectives in the early phases is the critical first step to informing the
design process. Although prior studies have revealed users’ expectations and
needs in an autonomous vehicle, there is a lack of understanding of when and
in which context users might most desire effortless interaction. This
investigation aims to examine users’ expectations and identify themes for
effortless in-car interaction. One hundred fifty participants were recruited
using a purposive sampling strategy. The study consists of an open-ended
online questionnaire that enquired about the context in which people desire
effortless interaction within a car the most. Questionnaire responses were
clustered into themes using a thematic analysis method. The study proposes a
taxonomy of in-car contexts composed of six major themes, with 17
sub-themes, which include the following contexts: 1) switching-required, 2)
emotion-underlain, 3) idle-away, 4) less-controllable, 5) time-sensitive and
6) task-oriented. The findings provide guidance regarding the critical
contexts of effortless interaction, which designers can use to better
understand and improve automotive experiences.
Exploring remote operation of heavy vehicles – findings from a simulator
study
Authors: Andersson Jonas , Rizgary Daban , Söderman Mikael , Vännström Johanna
Published: February 2023

Fully automated driving has posed more challenges than expected, and
remote operation of heavy vehicles is increasingly getting attention.
Therefore, human remote operators may have an essential role in compensating
for the technological shortcomings in vehicle automation. This poses
challenges in designing the work of human remote operators of automated
heavy vehicles. This paper presents findings from a research project
performed in collaboration between the RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
and Scania. In the project, human-automation interaction requirements and
challenges for remote operator work were explored through a simulator study.
Before the study, three main operator tasks were defined: assessment,
assistance, and remote driving. The simulation occurred in a transportation
scenario where operators handled ten trucks driving on a public road and
confined areas (transportation hub). Fifteen participants completed the
study. The results provide examples and insights into classical
automation-related challenges in a new context – the remote operation of
heavy vehicles. Instances of challenges with situational awareness,
out-of-the-loop, trust, and attention management were found and are
discussed in relation to HMI design and requirements.
Comparing Electrostatic and Vibrotactile Feedback for In-Car Touchscreen
Interaction using common User Interface Controls
Authors: Farooq Ahmed , Raisamo Roope , Lylykangas Jani , Spakov Oleg , Surakka Veikko
Published: February 2023

The automotive evolution in virtual controls for touchscreen interaction
provides the opportunity to manage and manipulate In-vehicle Infotainment
(IVI) system without the need for large physical control. However, as most
of these virtual controls are designed for visual feedback in PCs and mobile
devices, their implementation can have usability and accessibility
constraints in a moving vehicle. In fact, for some controls the interaction
primitives may be substantially different from the physical versions (i.e.,
multi-finger knobs, single finger dials etc.), therefore requiring drivers
to remaster the mechanics of virtual interaction to properly utilize these
controls on a touchscreen surface. Although, some IVI systems now include
basic vibrotactile feedback which may only provide abstract confirmation of
triggers or events, but this technique may not be ideal for calibrated
tactile or textural output in a moving vehicle. Recently, electrostatic or
electrovibration feedback has been proposed for touchscreen interaction
which can augment the systems with clear and precise textures rendered on
the touchscreen. As this technology is relatively new and may have certain
limitations, it is important to understand how the usability of current
graphical user interfaces (GUIs) controls augmented with electrostatic
feedback may improve touchscreen interaction. This research study looks at 8
common GUI controls adapted for touchscreen surfaces primarily for visual
interaction and augments them with vibrotactile and electrostatic feedback.
The goal of the study is to understand which type of controls are suitable
for visual only interaction, and which controls require basic tactile
feedback (vibration confirmation), while identifying the GUI controls that
may be most effectively utilized in the presence of electrostatic tactile
feedback on the touchscreen using friction variation.
A design approach of proactive HMI based on smart interaction
Authors: Sun Xiaohua , Li Jinglu , Guo Weiwei
Published: February 2023

As AI advances, intelligent systems are gaining the ability to
collaborate with humans to accomplish everyday tasks proactively. In
proactive HMI design, the accuracy of the user intention prediction model in
the mechanism becomes the key to affecting the quality of the proactive HMI
experience. However, there are three issues that caused the lack of
effective ways to improve the prediction accuracy of user prediction models.
In this paper, we analyze the Information for improving user prediction
accuracy, the Intervention stage, and the required contents for smart
interaction. Then, we develop an approach of the proactive HMI based on
smart interaction, which is the method that robots learn from the users
through interactions. We propose the elements, the framework, and the
guidelines. This paper also provides how to use this approach in design
case. With this approach, the accuracy of user intention prediction of
proactive HMI can be improved and then can be achieved the goal of improving
the design effect and the user experience of proactive HMI can be achieved.
An Improved Body Operations Mitigating VR Sickness through Stepping
Gaming Mat
Authors: Komoriya Kazuki , Takimoto Munehiro , Kambayashi Yasushi
Published: February 2023

Devices related to VR technology and applications using them are quite
popular recently. The VR technology allows the users to perform various
moving operations in the virtual space. Usually, the users use some
controller devices to move in the virtual space. Since the field of vision
is not linked to the physical movements of the user, only the scenes around
the user changes without body movements. This mental gap between sights and
bodies in the real world is said to lead VR sickness. In the previous study,
we have implemented a user interface using to mitigate the VR sickness. The
interface consists of a fitness device, which slides both feet to the left
and right, provides moving feeling of up and down in the virtual space
according to the user’s movements. In order to move forward, the users swing
their arms back and forth with VR controller in both hands as if they were
walking. To change direction, they swing only one arm. We have observed that
this method reduces VR sickness while enhancing their immersive feeling. On
the other hand, since the users’ operations are limited to gestures by legs
and arms, the users cannot perform their moving operations as quick as
operations using the buttons and sticks of controllers. In addition, it is
hard to perform complex operations due to the nature of the fitness
equipment and the acceleration of the controller held in their hands as
input data. We have designed and implemented a new system that solves those
problems while keeping a certain degree of immersive feeling by using a
music game mat instead of fitness equipment. We have tried to extract more
information from the foot movements. On the music game mat, arrows and
symbols are drawn, and when the users perform stamping and apply certain
pressure patterns, they can convey their wills to the system. For example,
when the users want to move forward in the virtual space, they just perform
stamping their right and left foot alternately on the forward-arrow symbols.
The users can adjust their moving speed in the virtual space through
changing the stamping frequency. If the users stamp right or left turn
marks, they can change the moving directions. If the users stamp right and
left initial position marks simultaneously by their feet and then release
their feet after a few seconds, they can jump a certain height proportional
to the stamped period. Thus, by inputting certain stamping patterns on the
gaming mat, the users can perform various moving operations according to the
patterns. To demonstrate the feasibility of our method, we have conducted
numerical experiments on both our method and conventional methods in the
same conditions. As preliminary experimental results, our method gives users
more immersive feeling than conventional methods and equally excellent
immersive feeling of our previous method, and to improves the response time
greatly and to contribute the reduction of VR sickness as well.
Effects of listening to sutra chanting during breaks in on-demand lecture
attendance
Authors: Ito Kyoko , Yoshikawa Hiroki
Published: February 2023

On-demand lectures are characterized by the fact that students
themselves can freely arrange the lecture format, such as whether or not to
take breaks during the lecture. This study aims to construct an effective
lecture/training method suitable for on-demand lectures. Considering the
time and location constraints of on-demand lectures, this study examines
ways to provide adequate relaxation and a change of pace. Therefore, we
propose listening to sutra chanting as an effective method during breaks in
on-demand lectures. The effects of sutra chanting are considered to be a
calm mind, moderate stimulation and a change of mood. An experiment was
conducted to confirm the effect of sutra chanting during breaks in on-demand
lectures. The participants were 20 university students. As a result, when
attending on-demand lectures, we sought changes in subjective evaluation of
listening to the sutra chanting during breaks.
Visual effects based on blank fractions in the case of multi-paragraph
text overlay images
Authors: Yiran Zhang
Published: February 2023

Multi-segment text overlay images are commonly used in web design,
poster layout and other design-related activities. In this paper, we use a
character-based blank score calculation model and a text box-based blank
score calculation model to investigate which model is more effective in
reflecting visual aesthetics in the case of multi-part text overlay images.
The text-frame-based blank-score model was found to be more effective in
reflecting the visual perception of the subjects by using the fitting tool
in MATLAB to fit the subjective scores and the calculated blank scores. The
text box in the text box-based blank score model was then optimized by
eliminating the part of the last line of each paragraph that was not filled
with text, so that the text box was not a regular rectangle, but still a
relatively regular linear text box. In the case of multi-paragraph text
overlay image, when the line spacing and paragraph spacing are the same,
subjects cannot distinguish the beginning and end of several paragraphs of
text by line spacing. In this paper, an optimized text box-based margin
score calculation model is used to design an experiment to investigate the
effect of the margin score of the text box of the last line of the preceding
paragraph on the visual effect of subjects' visual division of paragraphs in
the case of multiple-paragraph text-covered images. The results show that
when the blank area of the last line of the previous paragraph is about half
of the area of the previous line, the visual aesthetic satisfaction is the
highest, i.e., people can quickly and accurately divide the paragraph
without reading the text content, while when the last line of the previous
paragraph is filled with text, the visual aesthetic satisfaction is the
lowest, and people cannot intuitively divide the paragraph without reading
the text content.
Orchestrating Humans and Teammates to counter security threats:
Human-autonomy teaming in high and low environmental complexity and dynamism
Authors: Stensrud Rune , Valaker Sigmund , Mikkelsen Bjorn
Published: February 2023

The changes in the security environment run parallel to changes in
Humans and Artificial Cognitive Systems to meet these challenges. In
military setting novel technologies in terms of high-speed missiles and the
threat of anti-access areal denial capabilities, run parallel to more
sophisticated fighter jets and air defense systems to counter such threats.
Adverse conditions could involve loss of communication among some of the
entities taking part in the mission and the sudden increased threat. Such
changes require increased information processing (e.g. to understand the
threat and properly sequence actions of each team) and sometimes a change of
who coordinate the mission (e.g. because a formal leader is no longer
available due to communication loss). While novel Humans and Artificial
Cognitive Systems may be important to handle such situations, it is
important to enable the use of the technologies so that they will actually
have the effect of reducing threats. In this paper, we discuss some
theoretical models for how Humans and Artificial Cognitive Systems can be
orchestrated to enable the reduction of threats. We focus on the way the use
of technologies are integrated. In this way, we keep the focus on the
organizing dimension of Humans and Artificial Cognitive Systems use. Drawing
on theoretical perspectives of organizational environment, we discuss some
models of integration the use of Humans and Artificial Cognitive Systems.
The organizational environment may vary along the following characteristics:
uncertainty and ambiguity (Scott & Davis, 2007), where uncertainty can
be divided into complexity (number of elements and number of relations among
elements in an environment) or dynamics (the rate of change in elements in
the environment; for a summary see Valaker et al., 2020; Grote, Kolbe &
Waller, 2018; Luciano, Nahrgang & Shropshire, 2020). We discuss both
human-to-human and human-machine-teaming as ways of handling such
environmental contingencies. The following hypothesis are suggested: Clearly
defining what situation is to be tackled could ensure using the available
structures. E.g. not using a decentralized structure in high stakes
situations. This criteria need however to be weighed against the
practicality of using a centralized structure (Hollenbeck et al., 2018;
Johansson et al., 2018).Utilizing Human-Machine teammates and developing
organizational structures that incorporates their use in adverse
environments (e.g. allocating Drones to Dull, Dirty and/or Dangerous tasks).
This could also include increasing numbers and diverse Tech use i.e. from
tool to team mate. This will impact: the conduct of operations; and the
supervisors, coordinators and operators, who collaborate with these smart
unmanned systems at individual level (e.g. adaptable working agreements),
team level (peer to peer collaboration) and organization level (hierarchical
collaboration).
An augmented-reality-assisted immersive system for robotic arms
teleoperation
Authors: Loconsole Claudio , Leonardis Daniele , Frisoli Antonio
Published: February 2023

In recent years Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) have been used to provide an immersive,
first-person view in real-time in robotic teleoperation
applications.However, there are two main critical issues in robotic
teleoperation for remote manipulation and real-world interaction: firstly,
it is challenging to correctly perceive the distance and the dimensions
during fine manipulation tasks; secondly, latency in video streaming can
affect the immersive experience of the operator. To address these issues, in
this paper we propose a novel system that allows the operator to immersively
teleoperate robotic arms using his/her hand motion and gesture.More in
detail, the operator wears a HMD equipped with hand tracking and head
orientation estimation technologies. The hand tracking and gesture
recognition are used by the operator to generate control commands for remote
robotic arms, whereas the head orientation angles are used to control the
orientation of a remote robotic base on which is installed a RGB-Depth
(RGB-D) camera. The latter allows the operator an improved immersive
experience since he/she can freely rotate his/her head resulting in a
corresponding movement of the camera on the remote side. Furthermore, the
video/depth streaming of the RGB-D camera is used for three main objectives:
i) appropriately filtering the RGB image through spatial depth information
for reducing the number of significant pixels to be sent to the HMD thus
reducing the latency; ii) providing spatial cues overlaid on the 2D image to
facilitate remote interaction (basic AR); iii) generating additional
augmented information with the real-world environment for specific tasks
(advanced AR). On the remote side of the system, the robotic base of the
RGB-D camera is integral with the base system of two robotic arms, each of
them equipped with a robotic hand for object manipulation and
interaction.The proposed system can be used for several tasks in several
scenarios including social applications and high-risk situations. In the
former scenario, an operator can remotely interact with a person by
providing assistance or by playing board games. In the latter scenario, our
system, suitably integrated with a robotic base allowing its mobility, makes
possible some teleoperated activities such as door opening, valve turning
and switch operating without local human intervention.
Facial acne recognition system based on machine learning
Authors: Haopeng Ding , Chen Yunfei
Published: February 2023

Facial acne plagues many people, causing appearance anxiety and even
psychological problems. However, the skin detector or software using
traditional image processing technology on the market cannot give
consideration to both low cost and high precision. This research aims to
develop a low-cost and efficient method to detect facial acne through
machine learning. We use hundreds of facial acne patients' pictures
collected on the network, use Photoshop to split into thousands of pictures
of appropriate size and manually label them as data sets and verification
sets, and train them in YOLOX model to finally identify and label skin
problems such as facial pustules, acne marks, etc. through one person's
facial photos. At present, we have run the system on the desktop (AMD R7
4800H+GTX1650) normally, using the latest YOLOX framework of the open-source
YOLO series. In order to improve the learning quality under limited training
data, image preprocessing including sharpening and flipping is introduced.
The experimental results show that the recognition rate of this method for
some skin problems can reach 80%. By further expanding the data set, it can
achieve low-cost facial problem recognition. At the same time, this research
is also a good case of applying deep learning technology to product design.
Cardiovascular Reactivity (CVR) During Repetitive Work in the Presence of
Fatigue
Authors: Carvalho Diogo , Silva Luis , Carvalho Miguel , Dias Mariana , Costa Nélson , Folgado Duarte , Lua Nunes Maria , Gamboa Hugo , Andza Kristine , Edelman Elazer
Published: February 2023

Fatigue during repetitive tasks in the workplace has been intrinsically
connected with occupational risk and a reduction in productivity. Currently,
the measures taken are based on subjective interpretations of fatigue by the
workers or on direct muscular activity, which then make up for a cumulative
evaluation of fatigue. The concept of “Industry 4.0” wearable devices would
allow a continuous monitoring and thus, a more realistic representation of
their fatigue levels.Aim: To quantify heart rate variability, measuring
cardiovascular responsiveness, during repetitive work when fatigue is
present. Tasks: A protocol was developed to simulate a real-life workplace
scenario with a set of low-intensity repetitive tasks that are commonly
practiced. The signals obtained were then processed, and heart rate
variability was calculated using fractal analysis and time domain variables.
Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that 1) the amount of variability and 2) the
structure of variability will change during repetitive work in the presence
of fatigue.Methodology: Participants were asked to perform three 10-minute
trials of a repetitive task. Between each trial, a muscular fatigue protocol
was carried out, targeting the main agonist muscle. An ECG was collected
during the trials (Baseline, Fatigue 1, and Fatigue 2) through a wearable
band placed on the level of the xiphoid appendix. Results: The nonlinearity
of the heart rate variability showed no statistically significant changes,
unlike the time domain measures that significantly differentiated the
baseline trial from the fatigue trials, namely the Standard Deviation of NN
intervals, the Root Mean Square of successive RR interval differences,
Coefficient of Variation, and Heart Rate itself. Conclusions: These results
are enthusiastic for applying algorithms that use heart rate variability to
quantify cardiovascular responsiveness to fatigue during repetitive work.
They show that with information in the time domain, it is possible to verify
physiological changes that the worker is undergoing. Additionally, these
changes are also related to the amount of variability and not to the fractal
structure of heart rate variability.