bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Financial Statements for MSMEs in South Tambun Subdistrict
Authors: Prayogo Yudhi Adnan , Murtanto Murtanto
Published: January 2025

The primary objective of this paper is to enhance awareness regarding the significance and comprehension of business entities in creating financial statements for MSMEs. A quantitative descriptive research approach was employed for this investigation. Primary data was gathered through questionnaires distributed to 150 MSME participants in South Tambun District, Bekasi Regency. Data collection involved both direct interaction and secondary means through surveys. The Partial Least Square (PLS) technique was utilised for processing and analysing the data. The findings revealed that the significance of financial statements plays a crucial role in the operations of micro, small, and medium enterprises. As a result, managers should prioritise financial statements and associated risks for improved knowledge and preparedness for future challenges.
The Effect of Stock Trading Volume and Market Capitalisation on Stock Price with Managerial Ownership as Moderator
Authors: Wijayanti Winola , Arman Rifqah Zakiyah , Rasyid Syarifuddin , Darmawati Darmawati
Published: January 2025

This research investigates how stock trading volume and market capitalization impact stock prices in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2017-2019. It also explores the potential influence of managerial ownership on this relationship. Using a quantitative methodology with a correlational design, the study focuses on a sample of manufacturing companies selected via purposive sampling from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data was gathered from secondary sources accessed through www.idx.co.id. Analysis involved multiple linear regression and moderating regression using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) approach. Results indicate that stock trading volume has a detrimental effect on stock prices, whereas market capitalization has a beneficial impact. Interestingly, managerial ownership was found not to moderate the link between trading volume and stock prices, but it did moderate the relationship between market capitalization and stock prices.
Analysis of Financial Behavior on the Investment Decisions of Civil Servants in the Class I Checkpoint Immigration Office Malang
Authors: Fatoni Zulfikar , Musdalifa Marissa Ulfa , Liandana Elis M.
Published: January 2025

Every investment requires good decisions, as these decisions will affect future investment returns. Public access to financial products and services continues to increase and is increasingly accessible, but without good financial understanding and management, this will not have a positive impact, especially for the younger generation. The purpose of this study was to determine financial behavior towards Civil Servants (ASN) investment decisions within the Class I Checkpoint Immigration Office Malang. The research method used is qualitative, which describes each variable used. The results of this study concluded that the results of financial behavior literacy affect the way an individual thinks about financial conditions and affect ASN investment decision making within the Class I Checkpoint Immigration Office Malang.  In addition, it also shed light on the strategies in terms of finance and better management will make it easier for Civil Servants (ASN) to live their daily lives.
The Effect of Transactional Leadership, Compensation, and Organization Culture on Employee Performance with Work Motivation as a Mediating Variable
Authors: Catherin Febrina Claudia , Ardi Ardi , Sunarjo Richard Andre
Published: January 2025

This research investigates how transactional leadership, compensation, and organizational culture at Hotel XYZ influence employee performance, with work motivation playing a role as a mediator. A quantitative approach was employed, involving a questionnaire survey of 110 Hotel XYZ employees in Makassar. Data analysis was conducted using the SEM-PLS technique. The findings suggest that transactional leadership does not have a notable impact on employee performance, but compensation and organizational culture play a significant role. Additionally, it is evident that work motivation serves as a mediator for the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance. This research benefits Hotel XYZ by informing strategies to enhance employee performance through a focus on developing organizational culture and work motivation.
POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION: USA AND BANGLADESH
Authors: Sarker Pranto Kumar , Ahmed Maruf , Islam Md. Zahidul
Published: January 2025

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of police accountability in criminal investigations in the USA and Bangladesh. It explores the legal frameworks, institutional mechanisms, and challenges that shape police oversight in these two jurisdictions. The study highlights the significant differences between the two countries, with the USA having a robust legal framework anchored in constitutional protections, federal statutes, and a range of oversight bodies. In contrast, Bangladesh's police accountability system is rooted in colonial-era laws with limited oversight mechanisms and is further weakened by corruption and political interference. The paper examines essential case laws influencing police conduct in both countries, such as Tennessee v. Garner in the USA and BLAST v. Bangladesh in Bangladesh. The analysis reveals that while the USA has made strides in integrating technology into accountability processes, Bangladesh faces numerous challenges, including outdated laws and a lack of technological infrastructure. It is a qualitative research. Recommendations for both countries include modernising legal frameworks, enhancing the independence of oversight bodies, and adopting international best practices. The findings emphasise the need for continuous reforms to ensure transparent and effective police accountability in both jurisdictions.
Impact of Nursing Educational Program on Physical and Emotional Domains by Minnesota Living with Heart Failure on Patients
Authors:   College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq., Mohammed Mohammed Omer , Sharif Bayan Omar ,   Specialist Nurse, Sulaimani Directorate of Health, Health Development and Training Center, Kurdistan Region, Iraq., Ibrahim Hadeel Abdulelah ,   Physiologist College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Iraq., Salih Peshin Abdalstar ,   M.Sc. Student, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Department of Clinical Psychology., Rahim Talar Jamal ,   Psychologist, Sulaimani Directorate of Health, Sulaimani Burn & Plastic Surgery Hospital, Iraq, Karim Sarbast Adnan ,   Medical Laboratory Technician, Pioneer pharmaceutical company, Sulaimani, Iraq., Muhamad Danyar Akbar ,   Nurse, Baxshin hospital
Published: January 2025

Background: Health-related quality of life is often diminished in people with coronary artery disease, particularly after experiencing acute coronary syndrome. Heart failure is a prevalent issue in this group, which greatly impacts their quality of life. The main objective to assess the impact of nursing educational program on physical and emotional domain on heart failure patients in a Cardiac Hospital.

Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental design enrolled 200 patients with heart failure at the Cardiac Hospital in Sulaimani City, Iraq. Two groups divided into interventional (n=100) and control (n=100), contributors finalized a full questionnaire covering socio-demographics, level of stress and knowledge about heart failure. Data by face to face interviews, and analysis done by SPSS 26.0 version.

Results: The mean age of both groups was 68.3±11.2 years. 72% and 69% of both groups were male respectively. Each group initially had 100 patients. 59%, 65% of them were illiterate, 52%, 50% was widow/er, 48%, 50% of both intervention and control groups were married respectively. However, after the program, the intervention group’s score dropped to (37.06±8.26), while the control group’s increased to (50.10±10.62), showing a very highly significant difference with p≤0.001. Similarly, after the program the intervention group’s score decreased to (9.97±2.32), while the control group’s rose to (15.96±2.31), also showing a very highly significant difference with p≤0.001.

Conclusion: The implementation of the nursing educational program demonstrated highly significant improvements in the physical and emotional domains among participants in the intervention group when compared to those in the control group.

Keywords: nursing educational program, physical, emotional, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure, heart failure, Sulaimani city
تقدير موثوقية توزيع Lomaxبالاعتماد على معاينة المجموعة المرتبة المزدوجة (مع التطبيق)
Authors: محمد موسى موسى , Ban G. Al Ani
Published: January 2025

في بعض الأحيان من الصعوبة الحصول على البيانات والمعلومات المطلوبة للبحث لأسباب قد تتعلق بالوقت والجهد، إضافةً إلى ذلك، في كثير من المسائل التطبيقية فإن الحصول على القياسات الحقيقية للمتغير قيد الاهتمام قد يكون أمراً ذو تكلفة عالية. لحل هذه المشكلات يتم اللجوء إلى أسلوب المعاينة الذي يضمن للباحث تحقيق أهداف بحث بأقل وقت وجهد وتكلفة. ومن أساليب المعاينة المهمة في هذا الجانب هو أسلوب معاينة المجموعة المرتبة. من هذا المنطلق، تمثل الهدف الرئيسي للبحث في إيجاد الدالة الاحتمالية لتوزيع لوماكس من خلال تقدير معلمتي القياس والشكل إضافةً إلى تقدير دالة الموثوقية للتوزيع، وكل ذلك سيتم بناءً على معاينة المجموعة المرتبة المزدوجة وذلك باستخدام كل من طريقتي التقدير وهما الإمكان الأعظم والحد الأقصى لمقدرات التباعد. ولغرض المقارنة بين طريقتي التقدير لدالة الموثوقية، تم استخدام أسلوب المحاكاة مونت-كارلو لتوليد بيانات المتغير العشوائي الذي يتبع توزيع لوماكس مع استخدام المعيار الإحصائي المتمثل بمتوسط مربعات الخطأ. توصل البحث إلى أن طريقة الإمكان الأعظم تعطي أفضل تقدير لدالة الموثوقية لتوزيع لوماكس عند استخدام أسلوب معاينة المجموعات المرتبة المزدوجة بأحجام عينات وعدد دورات مختلفة. وهذا ما تم إثباته من خلال النتائج التجريبية إذ أنه كلما زاد حجم العينة كانت نتائج التقدير أفضل، إذ حققت طريقة الإمكان الأعظم نسبة أفضلية (72.22%). ولبيان أهمية الموضوع من الناحية التطبيقية والواقعية، تم استخدام بيانات حقيقية عن مرضى سرطان المثانة، تمثل فيها المتغير العشوائي بأزمنة سكون المرض بالأشهر (بداية الشفاء التام) والمسجلة منذ دخول المرضى المستشفى لغاية خروجهم منها، إذ تم اختبار أن البيانات تتبع توزيع لوماكس باستخدام اختبارات جودة المطابقة (أندرسون-دارلنك، كولموكوروف-سميرنوف، مربع كاي). وباستخدام طريقة معاينة المجموعات المرتبة المزدوجة تم سحب عينة بحجم 96 من العينة الكلية من خلال أربع مجموعات وتم تكرار العملية 24 مرة، وباستخدام طريقة الإمكان الأعظم كأفضل طريقة لتقدير دالة الموثوقية، لوحظ بان الموثوقية للشفاء من مرض سرطان المثانة تتناقص بزيادة أزمنة بقاء المرضى بالمشفى عند استخدام بروتوكول العلاج والتعافي.
استخدام التحليل العاملي في تقليل الابعاد الصورية لصور الاقمار الصناعية
Authors: غالب جابر أسماء , Mohammed A. Mohammed
Published: January 2025

التحليل العاملي هو اسلوب احصائي يستخدم في تقليل الابعاد واختزال البيانات الفائضة من خلال دراسة الترابطات بين المفردات للكشف عن الهيكلية غير الموضحة للمشكلة المدروسة، اذ اقترح استعمال تقنية التحليل العاملي كتقنية احصائية لتقليل الابعاد الصورية لغرض اعادة بناء صورة جديدة من صورة متعدد الاطياف ملتقطة، والنتائج اثبتت كفاءة هذه التقنية في اعطاء صور مخفضة الابعاد وذات جودة عالية بناءاً على قيمة مقياس اشارة الضوضاء المحسوبة للصورة الناتجة، وفي الوقت ذاته اكدت مقدرة التقنية على تخفيض الابعاد مع الحفاظ على الخصائص الاساسية للصورة.
ايجاد وقت الصيانة الوقائية الامثل لمحطة توزيع كهرباء جنوب بغداد الغازية الثانية باستعمال اسلوب دالة المعولية
Authors: طه ياسين ياسين , Ahmed D. Ahmed
Published: January 2025

تعتمد الكفاءة الإنتاجية لأي منظمة صناعية على نجاح عمليات الصيانة التي ترتكز على تنظيم إدارة الصيانة، والصيانة الوقائية هي جزء من هذا النجاح والتي تستعمل للمحافظة على استمرارية عمل الماكنة، وفي هذا البحث تم تحديد الوقت الامثل للصيانة الوقائية لمحطة توزيع كهرباء جنوب بغداد الغازية الثانية باستعمال اسلوب دالة المعولية حيث تم تحديد مدة الصيانة المُثلى وباقل كلفة من خلال تقدير معلمات توزيع لوك لوجستيك العام من الدرجة الثانية بطريقة الامكان الاعظم وكان افضل وقت تقريبا عشرة ايام فقط وحسب معلمة الشكل الاولى , وثلاثة ايام ونصف فقط تقريباً وحسب معلمة الشكل الثانية .
التنبؤ بمؤشر القيمة المتداولة لسوق العراق للأوراق المالية بإستعمال الشبكات العصبية الإصطناعية
Authors: زهير صبري نور , Rabab A. Saleh
Published: January 2025

يعد التنبؤ من المواضيع المهمة في العلوم الإحصائية لمساعدة القيادات في وضع الخطط المستقبلية وإتخاذ القرار المناسب لها ويتضمن هذا البحث إحدى أساليب التنبؤ الحديثة والمتمثلة بنماذج الشبكات العصبية الإصطناعية (ANN) وتحديدا الشبكة المتعددة الطبقات، إذ تم إعتماد خوارزمية الإنتشار الخلفي (BP)) وتدريبها عدة مرات للحصول على أقل قيمة للخطأ. ويهدف البجث الى التنبؤ بمؤشر مهم من مؤشرات سوق العراق للاوراق المالية وهو مؤشر القيمة المتداولة، باستعمال احدى الطرائق العلمية وهي الشبكات العصبية الإصطناعية بتطبيق خوارزمية الإنتشار العكسي وبإستعمال برنامج (Matlab2018)، وتوصل الباحث الى ان إنموذج الشبكات العصبية الاصطناعية يعطي نتائج دقيقة وذلك من خلال  انتشار البيانات في خط الانحدار و بلغت قيمة معامل التحديد (R=0.99928) ، ومتوسط مربعات الخطأ فقد بلغ (0.0000001) وهو قليل جداً وهذا يدل على دقة التنبؤ. تم جمع بيانات يومية لمؤشر القيمة المتداولة للفترة من 2/1/2018م, ولغاية 31/10/2021م.
تقدير أنموذج انحدار جاما الحرف المقيد بدمج انحدار جاما الحرف مع الإمكان الأعظم المقيدة في ظل وجود مشكلة التعدد الخطي مع التطبيق
Authors: شكور عبدالله ميفان , Suhail N. Abbood
Published: January 2025

يعتبر إنموذج إنحدار جاما Gamma Regression Model إنموذج إنحدار غير خطي عندما لايتبع المتغير المعتمد التوزيع الطبيعي ويختلف عن الإنحدار الخطي في إن قيمة  للمتغير المعتمد Y تستبدل بدالة ربط  إذ إن  هي تركيبة خطية من المتغيرات المستقلة والغرض من إستخدام هذه الدالة هو لتقليل قيمة التباين وجعله أكثر استقرارا.
وتعتبر مشكلة التعدد الخطي بين المتغيرات التفسيرية من أكثر المشاكل شيوعا التي تواجه الباحثين وتؤثر بشكل سلبي على المعلمات المقدرة للإنموذح في تحليل الإنحدار بالإضافة الى وجود قيود مفروضة على المعلمات تؤثر بشكل مباشر على تقدير معلمات الأنموذج، تناول البحث تقدير معالم إنموذج إنحدار الحرف جاما المقيد في ظل وجود مشكلة التعدد الخطي عبر إستخدام ثلاث طرق للتقدير وهي طريقة الإمكان الأعظم المقيدة Restricted Maximum Likelihood RMLE   ومقدر انحدار الحرف جاما  Gamma Ridge Regression GRR بالإضافة الى المقدر المدمج Built in Estimator RGRRE  الذي يدمج مقدر الإمكان الأعظم المقيدة مع مقدر إنحدار جاما الحرف وتم الإعتماد على متوسط مربعات الخطأ MSE كمعيار للمقارنة بين طرائق التقدير لمعلمات الإنموذج وبينت النتائج إن المقدر المدمج تفوق على باقي طرق التقدير  لأنه أعطى أقل MSE وتم تطبيقها في الجانب التجريبي على بيانات حقيقية تختص بموضوع عرض النقد والعوامل المؤثرة فيه لحجم عينة 48 وكانت نتائج تقدير المعلمات مناسبة للإنموذج .
تقدير معلمات الانحدار الخطي في ظل وجود مشكلة الارتباط الذاتي والقيم الرافعة العالية
Authors: عبد الحسين محمد محمد , Baher K. Mohammed  , Zahraa H. Hussain
Published: January 2025

يعد تحليل الانحدار الخطي من أهم التقنيات الإحصائية في العديد من المجالات مثل الاقتصاد ودراسات البقاء وادارة الأعمال والطب والهندسة وغيرها, ولتقدير معاملات نموذج الانحدار الخطي، غالبًا ما يتم استخدام طريقة المربعات الصغرى لما تتمتع به من مزايا جيدة وسهولة حسابها. ومع ذلك، فإن وجود نقاط شاذة مفردة أو متعددة في مجموعة بيانات يمكن أن يؤدي إلى تدمير تقديرات OLS. ذكر العديد من الباحثين أن مجموعة البيانات الحقيقية تحتوي عادة على 1% إلى 10% من الملاحظات غير العادية. ان البيانات الشاذة في المتغيرات التوضيحية والتي تسمى بالنقاط الرافعة العالية (HLPs) والتي لها تأثيرات أكثر خطورة على تقديرات OLS من القيم الشاذة في المتغير y. ان القيم الرافعة العالية هي المسؤولة عن مشكلة الاخفاء Masking وإلاخفاء (Swamping) في الانحدار الخطي. تتسبب HLPs أيضًا في مشكلة التعددية الخطية ولها تأثير كبير على دقة التقديرات. وعليه، فمن الضروري اكتشاف تلك المشاهدات غير العادية. كذلك يمكن ان تعاني مقدرات طريقة المربعات الصغرى من تدهور كبير في ظل وجود مشكلة الارتباط الذاتي (Auto-correlated) . ولمعالجة هذه المشكلة تم اقتراح مجموعة من الطرق ومن بينها طريقة طريقة  كوكرين- أوركوت برايس- وينستن التكرارية, ولكن للأسف معظم هذه الطرق التقليدية تفشل بشكل منفرد في معالجة مشكلة الارتباط الذاتي بين الاخطاء بوجود القيم الشاذة.
في هذا الدراسة تم اقتراح طريقة حصينة لمعالجة المشكلة المركبة  للارتباط الذاتي في نموذج الانحدار الخطي المتعدد في ظل وجود القيم الشاذة والقيم الرافعة العالية. تم تقييم اداء الطريقة المقترحة باستخدام بيانات حقيقية.
"Peran Mahasiswa KKN UNP dalam Mengedukasi Siswa Sekolah Dasar tentang Bahaya Bullying: Studi Kasus di SD 12 Sapan, SD 13 Sungai Durian, dan SD 02 Sapan, Kelurahan durian 2, Kecamatan Barangin,Kota Sawahlunto"
Authors: Irfan Oktavianus  , Azetria Rahmadani  , Fahrozid Abelno  , Fauzia Annisa Isfa  , Hafizah Tulaini  , Muhammad Arvi  , Rashinta Dwiananda Puteri  , Silvi Tamara
Published: January 2025

Bullying is a harmful behavior that has the potential to cause serious psychological impacts on children, especially in school settings. This study aims to explore the role of Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP) Student Community Service (KKN) students in educating elementary school students about the dangers of bullying. Socialization activities were conducted in three elementary schools, namely SD 12 Sapan, SD 13 Sungai Durian, and SD 02 Sapan, Durian 2 Village, Barangin District, Sawah Lunto City, using presentation and interactive discussion methods. The results showed that 55% of students considered bullying as a joke, with the most common form of bullying being teasing about parents' names and physical conditions. These findings indicate the need for continuous education to increase students' understanding of the boundaries between joking and bullying and its negative impacts. Through this program, UNP KKN students contribute to creating a safer and more supportive environment for elementary school students.
Pengembangan E-Modul Materi Sepak Bola Berbentuk Flipbook pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Kelas IX di SMP Negeri 6 Sukabumi
Authors: Fiqri Haidar Ramzy  , Bachtiar Bachtiar  , Firman Maulana
Published: January 2025

National education aims to develop the potential of students to become individuals who are faithful, devout, have noble character, knowledge and creativity. In this digital era, teachers are required to be innovative, especially in utilizing learning media such as e-modules. At SMP Negeri 6 Sukabumi City, it was found that students had difficulty learning football material and needed additional interactive learning resources, such as flipbook-based e-modules. This research aims to develop, test the validity and measure the practicality of a soccer e-module, as well as observe its impact on student learning motivation. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which includes the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate stages. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 6 Sukabumi City involving 35 class IX students. Data was collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The research results show that the football e-module developed has been assessed as very valid with a percentage of 85% from material experts, 85% from learning experts, and 82.5% from media experts. This e-module is also practical to use in learning, with an increase in practicality from 71% in the first meeting to 80% in the second meeting. This flipbook e-module has proven to be effective in supporting PJOK learning, especially regarding soccer material.
Penerapan Hygiene dan Sanitasi pada Yulfia Catering di Mojoketo
Authors: Ayu Rahmawati Dewi  , Niken Purwidiani  , Asrul Bahar  , Ita Fatkhur Romadhoni
Published: January 2025

The research objective of this final assignment is to describe the implementation of hygiene, sanitation and catering at Yulfia Catering in Mojokerto. This research uses theories from experts who study the implementation of hygiene, sanitation and catering. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This research uses more interview and documentation techniques to support a qualitative approach. This research uses many data collection techniques using interviews and documentation.  The focus of this research is to determine the implementation of hygiene, sanitation and catering carried out at Yulfia Catering Mojokerto. The final results of this research indicate that Yulfia Catering in Mojokerto needs follow-up regarding an efficient work system in dealing with consumers during busy times. Because when orders are busy, hygiene and sanitation are sometimes ignored.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Mozaik terhadap Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Santo Thomas 2 Medan
Authors: Gebi Renata Tarigan  , May Sari Lubis  , Gita Noveri Eza  , Anada Leo Virganta  , Elya Siska Anggraini
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years through mosaic activities at Kindergarten Santo Thomas 2 Medan. The method used in this research is Pre-experimental with One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. The subjects in this research were cheerful group B consisting of 20 children. Research data uses the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and is equipped with a description of the data using percentage calculations. From data analysis, it is obtained that Tcount = 192,5 with α = 0.05 Ttable = 52. Tcount > Ttable where 192,5 > 52. This means that the hypothesis which states that there is an influence of mosaic activities on children's fine motor skills is accepted. The Wilcoxon test results are complemented by motor abilities in percentage with an average pre-test score of 5.25 and post-test score of 7.2. The average score of children's fine motor skills after being given the mosaic activity was higher than before being given the mosaic activity.
Peran Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Merdeka di MTs. Negeri 2 Medan
Authors: Sri Andriani  , Inom Nasution  , Budi Budi
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the implementation of the independent curriculum, the leadership role of the principal in developing the independent curriculum and supporting and inhibiting factors in developing the independent curriculum at MTs. Negeri 2 Medan. This research uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection process was carried out by means of observation, interviews and documentation. The informants in this research were the principal, the deputy principal for curriculum and several teachers. Based on the research results, the implementation of the independent curriculum in MTs. Negeri 2 Medan begins in the 2022/2023 academic year by teaching students to create projects in each subject and implementing the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile Project (P5). In developing the independent curriculum, the principal plays the role of evaluator, supervisor and facilitator. The supporting factors in developing an independent curriculum at MTs. Negeri 2 Medan namely; the existence of adequate facilities and infrastructure, the competence and readiness of teachers and the leadershipIof the school principal. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors in developing an independent curriculum at MTs. Negeri 2 Medan, namely; inadequate facilities and infrastructure, lack of competence and readiness of teachers and lack of cooperation between principal and teachers.
Inovasi Produk Kue Kering Sebagai Camilan Sehat dengan Penambahan Daun Sirih Cina
Authors: Sayid Agil Jenar Sakti  , I. F Romadhoni  , Niken Purwidiani  , Andika Kuncoro Widagdo
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of Chinese betel leaves on the organoleptic properties of aroma, taste, colour, texture of kastengel cookies, and the nutritional content of kastengel cookies with the addition of Chinese betel leaves. This type of research is an experiment, this research is looking for the best recipe for kastengel with the addition of Chinese betel leaves. The data collection technique used was observation which involved 30 panellists, who were assisted by using a panellist sheet with a score of 1-5. In this study using quantitative methods that use numbers in data collection and analysis of measurable data, the data analysis technique used is AnavaTunggal (Analysis of varience) with the help of the SPSS version 29 program, if the results use a real effect test, then the next test uses the Duncan test to determine significant differences. The results showed that there was an effect of differences in aroma, colour, and taste on kastengel products, but could not affect the texture. This study proves that Chinese betel leaves not only add a unique aroma and flavour to pastries, but also contribute various health benefits thanks to the content of active compounds such as antioxidants. Organoleptic tests involving a number of panelists showed that the product was well received in terms of taste, colour and aroma. In addition, nutritional analysis revealed an increased antioxidant content in kastengel cookies enriched with Chinese betel leaves, making them a healthier snack option compared to conventional products.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran LOK-R Berbantuan Media Kode Batang terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Cerita fantasi
Authors: Neli Agustin  , Wika Soviana Devi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of the LOK-R learning model assisted by bar code media on the ability to read fantasy stories. The research was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 19 Sawangan using a sample of 56 students divided into two groups, namely class VII.3 as an experimental group consisting of 28 students and class VII.1 as a control group consisting of 28 students. This research uses quantitative methods (true experiment) with post-test-only research design. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental class that used the LOC-R learning model assisted by bar code media and the control class that did not use the LOC-R learning model assisted by bar code media. Statistical analysis using the t-test formula showed that the sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 <0.05, and the calculated t- value obtained is 6.756 with df = 54. At the 5% significance level, the t- table value is 1.674.Based on the value of t-count > t-table, Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the LOC-R learning model assisted by bar code media has a significant effect on fantasy story reading skills.
Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa pada Berita tentang Perguruan Tinggi dalam Media Daring Detik.com berdasarkan Kategori Linguistik
Authors: Sevti Putri Thavany  , Ifah Afivah  , Lia Mutiara  , Ai Siti Nurjamilah
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing language errors based on linguistic categories in news about higher education published on the online media Detik.com. The approach applied in this research is descriptive qualitative, which focuses on analyzing and describing language errors in DetikEdu Higher Education category news articles published by Detik.com. The research results showed that of the 15 news stories, the fewest language errors occurred in the phonology category with a total of 5 errors and the most language errors were in the use of Enhanced Spelling (EYD) with a total of 33 errors. Meanwhile, other language errors include morphology with a total of 24 errors, syntax with a total of 23 errors, and semantics with a total of 17 errors.
Peran Pendidikan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran pada Remaja
Authors: Rahmi Fadiah Nasution  , Evi Bunga Lestari  , Usiono Usiono
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has a high level of disaster vulnerability, so community preparedness is necessary, especially among teenagers as the next generation. This study aims to analyze the role of disaster preparedness education in enhancing awareness and disaster mitigation skills among adolescents. Using qualitative methods through observation, interviews, and documentation, this research found that disaster preparedness education effectively enhances understanding and the active role of adolescents as agents of change. Although effective, challenges such as limited resources and lack of support are still faced. Therefore, cross-sector collaboration is necessary to ensure the sustainability of the program and significantly reduce disaster risk.
Pembelajaran Prakarya sebagai Sarana Pengembangan Keterampilan dan Kreativitas Siswa di MTsN 8 Jakarta
Authors: Jihan Zalika Rachman  , Siska Maulidya
Published: January 2025

Workshop learning has great potential in developing students' skills and creativity, especially at the secondary education level. This study aims to analyze the implementation of workshop learning at MTs Negeri 8 Jakarta as a means of developing students' skills and creativity. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, data were collected through observations, interviews, and document studies related to the learning process. The results show that workshop learning is able to improve students' ability to create innovative products that are aesthetically and economically useful. In addition, this learning also encourages students to think original, flexible and elaborative. However, the implementation of this learning still faces various obstacles, such as limited facilities, teaching materials, and less varied learning methods. Therefore, contextual innovative learning strategies are needed to optimize students' potential. In addition, workshop learning is also an effective platform for instilling local cultural values and entrepreneurship. This article provides recommendations on developing a more effective approach to workshop learning, including improved facilities, development of teaching materials, and implementation of project-based learning methods. Thus, workshop learning can be a medium that not only improves students' skills and creativity but also prepares them to contribute actively in society.
Gap Strategi Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Obat
Authors: Winda Noviana  , Feida Noorlaila Isti’adah
Published: January 2025

Drug abuse is a serious issue that affects public health, social dynamics, and the economy in various regions. In areas with limited roles of the National Narcotics Agency (BNN) and Guidance and Counseling (BK), preventive strategies are often suboptimal, creating gaps in mitigation efforts. This study aims to identify the gaps in drug prevention strategies in such areas, focusing on causal factors, challenges, and opportunities for improvement. The methods employed include literature reviews and interviews with community members and relevant stakeholders. The results indicate that the lack of human resources, limited access to education, and low public awareness are the primary challenges. Recommended strategies include empowering local communities, enhancing educational institutions' roles, and fostering cross-sector collaboration to strengthen prevention efforts in regions where the roles of BNN and BK are constrained.
Pluralitas Makhluk Dan Keesaan Khaliq (Telaah Terhadap Konsepsi Para Sufi)
Authors: MD Luthfia Hilmi , Hamzah Harun Al-Rasyid  , A. Aderus Pasinringi
Published: January 2025

Pluralitas adalah keragaman dalam sebuah wujud persatuan. Keragaman, keunikan dan parsial itu merupakan realitas yang tak terbantahkan. Pluralitas itu juga tercipta agar setiap individu, suku, bangsa, lebih mudah melakukan ikatan sosial dan pengenalan antara satu dengan yang lain. Keesaan khalik dalam agama Islam dikenal dengan tauhid. Kata tauhid merupakan kata benda kerja aktif (yang membutuhkan pelengkap penderita atau objek) sebuah deviasi atau tasrif dari kata waḥid yang artinya satu atau esa, makna harfiah tauhid ialah menyatukan atau mengesakan. Penelitian ini berbasis kepustakaan yang ditelaah melalui beberapa buku ataupun artikel jurnal. Semua makhluk ciptaan Tuhan termasuk manusia adalah bersifat pluralistik merupakan sebuah keniscayaan yang akan tetap ada terus menerus. Akan tetapi, perbedaan ini akan menjadi satu dalam satu kesatuan. pluralitas makhluk adalah keyakinan bahwa alam semesta terdiri dari beragam jenis makhluk dan kita harus menghargai keberagaman dalam alam semesta serta memandang makhluk adalah bagian dari keindahan ciptaan Allah SWT. Pluralitas makhluk dan keesaan Khalik memberikan kesadaran bahwa eksistensi kehidupan yang plural ini berasal dari Tuahn yang Maha Esa. Pluralitas diciptakan sebagai cara Tuhan memberikan jalan kepada makhluk-Nya untuk memilih jalan yang terbaik ataupun sebaliknya dan berakhir dengan imbalan yang telah dipilih.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Talking Stick dalam Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Arab Siswa Kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jakarta
Authors: Rania Aulia  , Tahir Wijaya  , Soraiya Utsman
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Quasi-eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Talking Stick dalam keterampilan berbicara bahasa Arab siswa kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jakarta. Permasalahan yang ada dalam pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara: Siswa tidak banyak menghafal keterampilan berbicara karena tidak melatih kemahirannya dalam keterampilan berbicara. Siswa tidak banyak menghafal keterampilan berbicara karena guru tidak menggunakan metode yang tepat. Guru tidak menggunakan media yang tepat dalam mengajarkan keterampilan berbicara dan guru tidak menciptakan lingkungan berbahasa Arab, yaitu guru tidak berbicara bahasa Arab pada saat mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan: untuk mengetahui sejauh mana efisiensi siswa dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan tongkat bicara dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara dalam buku teks pada bab kedua tentang “Hobi” di kalangan siswa kelas sebelas di SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen. Metode pemilihan data adalah observasi, dokumen, dan hasil pre dan post test. Berdasarkan pengujian satu variabel dan sampel tunggal (Single T-Test). (Sig) (2 Ekor) sebesar 0,05. Oleh karena itu, tingkat yang lebih besar dari 0,00 (Signifikansi) lebih kecil dari 0,05, maka hasil pengujian dengan satu variabel dan satu sampel (Single T-Test) mempunyai hasil yang signifikan (Signifikan). Skor ini menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis alternatif (Ha) “diterima” dan hipotesis pertama (H0) “ditolak”.
Aktualisasi Fikih dalam Menentukan Imam Salat Mumayyiz perspektif Ormas Islam (Nahdatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, dan Wahdah Islamiyah)
Authors: Khaerunnisa Karunia  , Achmad Musyahid  , Muhammad Saleh Ridwan  , Darussalam  , Usman Jafar
Published: January 2025

Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan adalah sebagai berikut; Pertama, Kriteria umum Imam salat dalam Pandangan fikih adalah mengutamakan Hafalan al-Qur’an atau bacaan yang fashih, kemudian yang berilmu atau yang paham akan sunnah terutama mengenai syarat dan rukun imam salat. Kedua, Usia mumayyiz dalam fikih secara umum berkisar antara tujuh tahun sampai sembilan tahun usia yang tidak dikatakan sebagai anak anak namun juga belum mencapai usia balig. dan belum berlaku hukum taklif padanya. Ketiga, Hukum Imam salat mumayyiz menurut ormas: 1. Nahdatul Ulama: boleh tapi masih diperdebatkan dan cenderung memakruhkannya. 2. Muhammadiyah: Membolehkan tapi tetap mengutamakan orang dewasa yang lebih berilmu jika ada. 3. Wahdah Islamiyah: Membolehkan terutama jika bacaan seorang Mumayyiz lebih banyak dan fashih dari orang dewasa yang hadir. Implikasi penelitian, dengan adanya karya tulis ini dengan beberapa pemaparan tentang Aktualisasi Fikih terhadap Hukum Imam Salat Mumayyiz dalam perspektif Ormas Islam (Nahdatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, dan wahdah Islamiyah) bisa menjadi referensi penelitian sekaligus menjadi petunjuk praktis bagi peneliti yang akan mengkaji lebih lanjut mengenai pembahasan terkait khususnya dalam menetapkan hukum Islam.
ISSUES OF INTERLANGUAGE TRANSFER OF TOPONYMS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   L.N. GumilyovEurasianNationalUniversity, Akizhanova Diana , Omarova Aigerim ,   L.N. GumilyovEurasianNationalUniversity, Stoyanova Desislava ,   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen
Published: January 2025

In this article Kazakh toponyms as an important element of Kazakhstan's cultural and historical heritage are examined. Toponymy, which includes geographical names, reflects the historical and cultural context of the peoples living in a particular territory. The research focuses on the significance of Kazakh toponyms and their connection to nature, history, and ethnocultural processes.

Kazakh geographical names were shaped by natural factors and historical events, and largely define the characteristics of the local language and worldview of the people. The toponyms of Kazakhstan preserve the memory of ancient traditions, myths, and religious beliefs.

The paper also addresses current trends in Kazakhstan's language policy aimed at the revival and preservation of traditional toponyms. The renaming of cities, villages, and natural landmarks, as well as the restoration of indigenous Kazakh names, is an important part of the state program to support the Kazakh language. The study analyzes the role of state and scientific institutions in preserving and studying Kazakh toponymy, as well as the impact of these processes on the development of national identity.

The toponymy of Kazakhstan represents a significant component of linguistic and cultural identity, actively studied within the framework of linguistic and anthropological research.
OCCASIONAL SUBSTANTIVATES IN ABAY'S POEMS
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Akzhigitova Akkibat , Salkynbai Anar ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Sarsenbay Zhanat ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2025

The article examines occasional substantivities in Abai's poems. Occasional words have already been mentioned and studied in our language. However, occasional substantivities are a topic that has not yet been studied. Abai's legacy is an invaluable treasure of the Kazakh people. Despite ongoing scientific research related to Abai's work, they are still insufficient for the Kazakh reader. Abai is a figure who enriched language usage by transforming the Kazakh word, using it both literally and figuratively. Therefore, this article examines the area of ​​use of occasional substantivities in Abai's poems, and also conducts a detailed analysis of them. Occasionalisms are words characteristic of individual authorial use. Substantivities are lexical units that have become nouns. Although the phenomenon of substantivization in Kazakh linguistics has already been studied to a certain extent, its theoretical basis and terminology are still underdeveloped. In this article, the term "substantivat" is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The grammatical and lexical meanings of substantivats were also determined and it was revealed whether they are occasional or normative. A word-formation analysis of substantivats in Abai's poems was conducted, it was shown that they move into the category of nouns from adjectives, verbs, numerals, metaphorical expressions and set phrases.
SYNERGISTIC PHENOMENA IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhakupov Zhantas , Tuilebaeyeva Kuralay ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2025

The special character of the human-centered paradigm in later periods led to the cognitive study of the language system and its units and a distinctive focus on content and meaning. Interest in the image of a person in language, in the connection of language with consciousness has increased, the close connection of language units and their work with mental structures and cognitive processes has become the basis of a number of scientific studies.

Language is constantly in development, as it is a living phenomenon. Language development refers to the exchange, variation, change, expansion, narrowing and acquisition of a new character of the meaning of the word meaning that makes up that language. The main reason for such a change in words is associated with the expansion of objects, phenomena, their property, activity, as well as with the widespread recognition of the same concept. Even some words can continue to undergo an unstable change over the centuries. This is due to external and internal factors affecting the language system, the listed factors affect the alternation of words and their meanings, respectively.

The article is devoted to the phenomena occurring in the language system, the dynamic change of the language system, in particular, the synergistic phenomenon in the language system, which forms an infinite increase in the meaning of words and expressions due to the revival and introduction of words and phrases that have long been out of use, their repetition in new cultural and communicative contexts, the constant movement and openness of the language system.
THE ETHNOGRAPHIC NATURE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS CONCERNING THE BIRTH OF A CHILD IN THE KAZAKH AND TURKISH LANGUAGES
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Turganbayeva Kymbat , Sarekenova Karlygash ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2025

The article provides a linguistic and ethnographic analysis with a comparison of regular expressions in Kazakh and Turkish related to the birth of a child. The analysis revealed the ethnographic nature of phraseological units. The main purpose of the article is to reveal the ethnographic nature of stable expressions related to the life of a child in the Kazakh and Turkish languages.

The basis of the content of the article was the period from the moment of the child's birth to his first step. In addition, the analysis included regular expressions in the meaning of blessings and wishes pronounced to the child, and various idioms related to the child as a whole. In a number of ethnographic regular expressions, it was convinced that every phraseological unit found in the Kazakh language is related in meaning or character to the Turkish equivalent.

As a result of the study, the ethnographic features of the Kazakh and Turkish peoples were identified in accordance with their rituals and a final opinion was proposed that «stable expressions related to the life of a child are enough, both similarities and differences».
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METAPHORS IN MUKHTAR AUEZOV’S STORY "KOKSEREK" (BASED ON THE ORIGINAL AND TRANSLATION VERSIONS)
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Abdrassil Nauryzbay , Zhaparova Assemzhan ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2025

In this article, translations of metaphors in Mukhtar Auezov’s story “Kokserek” were analyzed in Russian and English versions furthermore the authors also made scientific conclusions by analyzing and discussing the research results.

The scientific goal, main directions and ideas of the research include the formulation of the specifics of translating metaphors from Kazakh into Russian and English, one of the artistic and visual means that requires special participation from the translator and high skill in literary translation.

The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the comparative analysis of metaphors in M. Auezov’s story “Kokserek” in Russian and English based on the concepts and theories of Russian and Kazakh scientists contributes to the development of practice and theory, quality, criticism of Kazakh translatology.

The research methodology was based on the works of Kazakh scientists Zh. Dadebaev and A. Aldasheva, who studied the value of the comparative method in literary translation. The algorithm of selection, interpretation, content analysis, lexico-semantic analysis and formulation of language units falling into the general study was used.

Based on the results of the research work, the authors of the article prove that a direct translation of M. Auezov’s story “Kokserek” from Kazakh into English helps to preserve and foreignize the ethno-semantic layers of the original national metaphors and facilitate the learning process of future translators.

The value of the research was studied by Kazakh literary scholars and linguists in such scientific articles and dissertations as the problem of social analysis, content and structural specificity, history of writing and poetics, layers of meaning, through the eyes of Kokserek in Mukhtar Auezov’s story “Kokserek”, but a comparative analysis of the features of translating metaphors based on the original and translation versions have not considered as a scientific article in the field of Kazakh translatology.
THE IMAGE OF GURBELJIN IN THE STORY BY ABISH KEKILBAYEV «THE LEGEND OF HANSHA-DARIA»
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Aimukhambet Zh. , Dauylbay M. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University
Published: January 2025

Abish Kekilbai’s works reflect with philosophical and psychological depth the legends about historical and legendary figures in the minds of the people. Among them, one can especially highlight the work “The Legend of Hansha-Darya”. This story, which is a link between history and legend, represents the object of this study. It traces the confrontation between evil and love, cruelty and humanity. Genghis is a great conqueror, an outstanding leader, an invincible ruler, but he had his flaws, and he could not escape the fate. Based on the folk legends about Genghis, the writer plunges into the psychological state and inner world of the ruler. Gurbeljin, the wise and beautiful wife of the Tangut ruler, who met Genghis Khan during one of his bloody campaigns, is the central character in this story. This article presents an analysis of Gurbeljin as the main character of the story, while the image of Genghis Khan is revealed against Gurbeljin’s background. In individualizing the personality of the hero, the writer skillfully combined a historical legend with a picturesque imagination, enriching the meaningful, literary character of the work with psychological details. These issues are analyzed in the article in order to determine the author’s position and personality of the character. The work is based on the vision of the invincibility and invulnerability of the human spirit.
RUSSIAN SOCIALISM OF N.G. CHERNYSEVSKY AND RUSSIAN IDEA OF F.M. DOSTOEVSKY
Authors:   A.K. Kussayinov Eurasian humanities institute, Baiturina Ulzhan
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the polemics between Dostoevsky and Chernyshevsky as a factor in the formation of the Russian idea in the works of the author of “Notes from Underground” and “Crime and Punishment”. For the first time the Russian idea of Dostoevsky is considered from the standpoint of polemics as a source of the factor of the evolution of the writer's literary views and his hero, the movement from the underground man to the anti-hero who personifies the values of Christianity in the process of transformation. His comparison of the social ideal in philosophy, journalism and the work of the two writers is subordinated to the understanding of the factors of Russian realism and its two branches, appealing to Christianity - Chernyshevsky's secularization of it and Dostoevsky's apologia of Christo centricity. Comparative-philosophical, historical and literary analyses contribute to the identification of the factors of formation and specificity of Dostoevsky's Russian idea. The object of the article is Chernyshevsky's ideal of Russian socialism and Dostoevsky's religious utopian system of views. The polemic of the writers is analysed in the aspect of differences in the philosophical foundations of the two writers and the phenomenology of Dostoevsky's hero's consciousness. The concepts of suffering and guilt as components of Dostoevsky's Russian idea draw the main boundary between idealistic and rationalistic utopias as two branches of Russian realism. Establishing the connection between the philosophical and literary views of the writers actualises the role of Christianity in the model of social reorganisation of Russia.