bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grice's Maxims: Investigate the Intent of the Infringements in “The Prince And The Pauper” Conversational Discourse
Authors: Yolanda Maya
Published: March 2021

Grice coins 4 maxims to govern daily conversation as a general rule. The maxims are Quantity, Performance, Value and Manner. On this basis, the author intends to address the breaches of Grice's maxims in film and to investigate the intent of the infringements in the Prince and the Pauper conversational discourse. Many sections of the film contain violations of Grice's maxim characters. The writer formulates two work problems in order to achieve these goals: Which of Grice's maxims was violated in The Prince and the Pauper movie by the addressees?; For what reasons are the maxims infringed by the addresses?. . Based on the analysis, the author argues that the characters, in particular Duke, Tom Canty, King, and the Earl of Hertford, have violated Grice's four maxims in the film dialogue. If they fail to provide sufficient information, tell their addressees to lie, provide irrelevant glosses, and fail to be real, concise, univocal, and orderly, they violate the Quantity, Value, Relevance, and Manner maxims, respectively. In reality, the writer believes that characters are breaching the maxims to trick colleagues, to be sweet, to save face, to avoid discussion, and to show self-interest.
Writing News Item in English Language Teaching Context: Line Apps Platform for Senior High School Students
Authors: Dwi Risani Tia
Published: March 2021

Learning English nowadays is a process of giving learners not just skills its also an innovative learning technique, and creative ways are needed as well. The  Information Communication Technology (ICT) device such as social media, i.e., Line provides students to explore more in learning English. This research aimed at proving social media such as Line today can be used as virtual support for English language Teaching (ELT) process of writing news item in senior high school. This descriptive qualitative research was conducted on classroom during the subject news item. In this study, the research belongs to the interpretivism paradigm or related to the explaining or understanding the meaning of a sentence or passage. The result of this research is using a virtual or electronic device not only could help students as a learner but the essential things in learning process namely teachers also need virtual to support teaching process and even virtual assessment help teachers and even students to develop learning process especially by using Line apps for writing news item.
A Closer Look on Selected Educational Institution: Are There Any Institutional or Academic Problems?
Authors: Lestari  S. Dwi Vita
Published: March 2021

This study aims to identify the management and academic quality problems of Muhammadiyah Tanjungpinang education institutions in the Riau Islands. This research was conducted at schools within the auspices of Muhammadiyah institutional in Eastern Tanjungpinang District. This descriptive study collected data through question and answer sessions in interview sessions with school administrators and managers. The data then triangulate with observation and field notes. The analysis in this study managed to reveal that it seems there are problems and some weaknesses in the management of institutions and academics. It can be seen from the lack of long, medium, and short term implementation programs in carrying out institutional management activities education. However, this problem is a general problem that can be found in many educational institutions around the globe. Therefore. This study sees it urgent to increase human resources with experiences in institutional and academic management to fix existing problems.
The Present Tense Usage in Speaking Skill: An Analysis of Students' Short Speech Texts
Authors: Hafni Hafsah
Published: March 2021

The result of this paper is based on the data taken from Triskanedi (2007).  The study result showed that 80% of students made mistakes in the use of simple present tense, which was the highest compared to the other two tenses, namely simple past and simple future tense.  Due to these interesting findings, the writer intended to carry out further analysis by using the data of the research to find out the kinds of errors produced by the students focusing on simple present tense usage in the short speech texts. The analysis of the data uses a specific type of errors, i.e., omission, addition, missed formation and missed ordering/improper ordering in accordance to taxonomy strategy.  The result shows the percentage of the omission of 'be and s/es' is 41.08%.  While the addition of 'be and s/es' is 6,21%, and missed formation is 51,94%, and improper ordering is only 0,77%.  The omission and addition seem related to the use of 'be' before an adjective or nominal sentence and's' in subject-verb agreement.  In addition, the study also found few other errors in using of article 'the', verb inflexion 'ed', and of auxiliary in small numbers. These seems contributed to the students' errors production despite the fact that simple present tense considered as the easiest one to formulate compared to others,  another thing that needs to underlie from this study is the understanding of English grammar seems necessary to avoid the same errors in the future
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Alzheimer’s Disease: From Preclinical to Clinical Evidence of a Strong Association
Authors: Tombini Mario , Assenza Giovanni , Ricci Lorenzo , Lanzone Jacopo , Boscarino Marilisa , Vico Carlo , Magliozzi Alessandro , Di Lazzaro Vincenzo
Published: March 2021

Increasing evidence coming from both experimental and humans’ studies strongly suggest the existence of a link between epilepsy, in particular temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD are more prone to have seizures, and seizures seem to facilitate amyloid-β and tau deposits, thus promoting neurodegenerative processes. Consistent with this view, long-lasting drug-resistant TLE and AD have been shown to share several pathological and neuroimaging features. Even if studies addressing prevalence of interictal and subclinical epileptiform activity in these patients are not yet conclusive, their findings raise the possibility that epileptiform activity might negatively impact memory and hasten cognitive decline, either directly or by association with unrecognized silent seizures. In addition, data about detrimental effect of network hyperexcitability in temporal regions in the premorbid and early stages ofADopen up newtherapeutic opportunities for antiseizure medications and/or antiepileptic strategies that might complement or enhance existing therapies, and potentially modify disease progression. Here we provide a review of evidence linking epileptiform activity, network hyperexcitability, and AD, and their role promoting and accelerating neurodegenerative process. Finally, the effects of antiseizure medications on cognition and their optimal administration in patients with AD are summarized.
Nasal Extracts from Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Induce Tau Aggregates in a Cellular Model of Tau Propagation
Authors: Pahrudin Arrozi Aslina , Yanagisawa Daijiro , Kato Tomoko , Akatsu Hiroyasu , Hashizume Yoshio , Kaneda Daita , Tooyama Ikuo
Published: March 2021

Background:

Emerging evidence indicates that the misfolded tau protein can propagate aggregates between cells in a prion-like manner. This prion activity has been typically studied in brain extracts of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but not in the olfactory region that can be a potential biomarker in AD.

Objective:

To investigate the prion seeding activity of tau in nasal mucosa tissues using a cell culture model of tau propagation.

Methods:

Brain and nasal mucosa homogenates were added to HEK293T cells expressing three repeat or four-repeat domains of tau with the L266V, V337M (3RD*VM) and P301L and V377M mutations (4RD*LM) fused to the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) respectively. We also measured the level of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), and p-tau/t-tau ratio and performed correlation analysis between tau prion activity and the level of tau.

Results:

We found that brain and nasal tissue homogenates from patients with AD significantly induced tau aggregation in HEK293T cells either expressing tau 3RD*VM-EGFP or 4RD*LM-EGFP compared with control brain and nasal tissue homogenates. The levels of p-tau and p-tau/t-tau ratio were significantly increased in the brain of patients with AD; however, no significant difference was found in nasal tissue compared with their respective control tissue homogenates.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that the nasal tissues contain tau seeds, similar to the brain, albeit without changes in the levels of p-tau and t-tau. Therefore, a cellular bioassay using nasal tissues would have great potential as an AD biomarker because of the usefulness of nasal tissue biopsy.
BioVenn – an R and Python package for the comparison and visualization of biological lists using area-proportional Venn diagrams
Authors: Hulsen Tim
Published: March 2021

One of the most popular methods to visualize the overlap and differences between data sets is the Venn diagram. Venn diagrams are especially useful when they are ‘area-proportional’ i.e. the sizes of the circles and the overlaps correspond to the sizes of the data sets. In 2007, the BioVenn web interface was launched, which is being used by many researchers. However, this web implementation requires users to copy and paste (or upload) lists of IDs into the web browser, which is not always convenient and makes it difficult for researchers to create Venn diagrams ‘in batch’, or to automatically update the diagram when the source data changes. This is only possible by using software such as R or Python. This paper describes the BioVenn R and Python packages, which are very easy-to-use packages that can generate accurate area-proportional Venn diagrams of two or three circles directly from lists of (biological) IDs. The only required input is two or three lists of IDs. Optional parameters include the main title, the subtitle, the printing of absolute numbers or percentages within the diagram, colors and fonts. The function can show the diagram on the screen, or it can export the diagram in one of the supported file formats. The function also returns all thirteen lists. The BioVenn R package and Python package were created for biological IDs, but they can be used for other IDs as well. Finally, BioVenn can map Affymetrix and EntrezGene to Ensembl IDs. The BioVenn R package is available in the CRAN repository, and can be installed by running ‘install.packages(“BioVenn”)’. The BioVenn Python package is available in the PyPI repository, and can be installed by running ‘pip install BioVenn’. The BioVenn web interface remains available at https://www.biovenn.nl .
Machine learning for psychological disorder prediction in Indians during COVID-19 nationwide lockdown
Authors: Kumar Akshi
Published: March 2021

As the world combats with the outrageous and perilous novel coronavirus, national lockdown has been enforced in most of the countries. It is necessary for public health but on the flip side it is detrimental for people’s mental health. While the psychological repercussions are predictable during the period of COVID-19 lockdown but this enforcement can lead to long-term behavioral changes post lockdown too. Moreover, the detection of psychological effects may take months or years. This mental health crisis situation requires timely, pro-active intervention to cope and persevere the Coro-anxiety (Corona-related). To address this gap, this research firstly studies the psychological burden among Indians using a COVID-19 Mental Health Questionnaire and then does a predictive analytics using machine learning to identify the likelihood of mental health outcomes using learned features of 395 Indian participants. The proposed Psychological Disorder Prediction (PDP) tool uses a multinomial Naïve Bayes classifier to train the model to detect the onset of specific psychological disorder and classify the participants into two pre-defined categories, namely, anxiety disorder and mood disorder. Experimental evaluation reports a classification accuracy of 92.15%. This automation plays a pivotal role in clinical support as it aims to suggest individuals who may need psychological help.
Dementia-Friendly “Design”: Impact on COVID-19 Death Rates in Long-Term Care Facilities Around the World
Authors: Olson Nancy L. , Albensi Benedict C.
Published: March 2021

Persons with dementia (PWD) make up a large portion of the long-term care (LTC) population the world over. Before a global pandemic swept the world, governments and healthcare providers struggled with how to best care for this unique population. One of the greatest challenges is a PWD’s tendency to “walk with purpose” and exhibit unsafe wayfinding and elopement, which places them at risk of falls and injury. Past solutions included increased use of restraints and pharmacological interventions, but these have fallen out of favor over the years and are not optimal. These challenges put enormous strain on staff and caregivers, who are often poorly trained in dementia care, underpaid, overworked, and overstressed. PWD are impacted by these stresses, and unmet needs in LTC places an even greater stress on them and increases their risks of morbidity and mortality. The physical design of their environments contributes to the problem. Old, institutionalized buildings have poor lighting, poor ventilation, long dead-end hallways, poor visual cues, lack of home-like décor, shared bedrooms and bathrooms, and are often dense and overcrowded. These design elements contribute to the four ‘A’s’ of dementia: apathy, anxiety, agitation, and aggression, and they also contributed to the rapid spread of COVID-19 in these facilities the world over. In this review, we present current “dementia friendly” design models in the home, community, and LTC, and argue how they could have saved lives during the pandemic and reduced the stresses on both the dementia resident and the caregiver/staff.
SLKOF: Subsampled Lucas-Kanade Optical Flow for Opto Kinetic Nystagmus detection
Authors: Jaiseeli C. , Raajan N.R.
Published: March 2021

The neurological disorders are developed in adults due to reduced visual perception. Opto Kinetic Nystagmus (OKN) is a clinical method to detect visual perception. For objective measurements, a computational algorithm based OKN detection is preferable rather than clinical practice. In this paper, a memory-efficient Subsampled Lucas-Kanade Optical Flow (SLKOF) is proposed. The proposal employs the Subsampling of images for various levels. The proposal deals with the computation of OKN gain for different image Subsampling factors using the MATLAB platform. The experimental set up to observe OKN is done using computer-based rotation control of the drum through a stepper motor. The results are compared with the well established Lucas-Kanade (LK) method for Optical flow. It is observed that OKN gain corresponds to 1/4th of a subsampled image of the SLKOF method correlates with the LK method for the majority of the cases. This validation evidently elucidates that the proposal is computationally efficient.
Weight modulation in top–down computational model for target search
Authors: Aarthi R. , Amudha J.
Published: March 2021

Computer vision research aims at building models which mimic human systems. The recent development in visual information have been used to derive computational models which address a variety of applications. Biological models help to identify the salient objects in the image. But, the identification of non-salient objects in a heterogeneous environment is a challenging task that requires a better understanding of the visual system. In this work, a weight modulation based top-down model is proposed that integrates the visual features that depend on its importance for the target search application. The model is designed to learn the optimal weights such that it biases the features of the target from the other surrounding regions. Experimental analysis is performed on various scenes on a standard dataset with the selected object in the scene. Metrics such as area under curve, average hit number and correlation reveal that the method is more suitable in target identification, by suppressing the other region.
Analysis of sentiment based movie reviews using machine learning techniques
Authors: Chirgaiya Sachin , Sukheja Deepak , Shrivastava Niranjan , Rawat Romil
Published: March 2021

The decisions and approaches of renowned personality used to impress the real world are to a great extent adapted to how others have seen or assessed the world with opinion and sentiment. Examples could be any opinion and sentiment of people view about Movie audits, Movie surveys, web journals, smaller scale websites, and informal organizations. In this research classifies the movie review into its correct category, classifier model is proposed that has been trained by applying feature extraction and feature ranking. The focus is on how to examine the sentiment expression and classification of a given movie review on a scale of (–) negative and (+) positive sentiments analysis for the IMDB movie review database. Due to the lack of grammatical structures to comments on movies, natural language processing (NLP) has been used to implement proposed model and experimentation is performed to compare the present study with existing learning models. At the outset, our approach to sentiment classification supplements the existing movie rating systems used across the web to an accuracy of 97.68%.
A rule based approach for aspect extraction in hindi reviews
Authors: Ojha Chinmayee , Venugopalan Manju , Gupta Deepa
Published: March 2021

Fast growth of technology and the tremendous growth of population has made millions of people to be active participants on social networking forums. The experiences shared by the participants on different websites is highly useful not only to customers to make decisions but also helps companies to maintain sustainability in businesses. Sentiment analysis is an automated process to analyze the public opinion behind certain topics. Identifying targets of user’s opinion from text is referred to as aspect extraction task, which is the most crucial and important part of Sentiment Analysis. The proposed system is a rule-based approach to extract aspect terms from reviews. A sequence of patterns is created based on the dependency relations between target and its nearby words. The system of rules works on a benchmark of dataset for Hindi shared by Akhtar et al., 2016. The evaluated results show that the proposed approach has significant improvement in extracting aspects over the baseline approach reported on the same dataset.
Impact of cultural-shift on multimodal sentiment analysis
Authors: Banerjee Tulika , Yagnik Niraj , Hegde Anusha
Published: March 2021

Human communication is not limited to verbal speech but is infinitely more complex, involving many non-verbal cues such as facial emotions and body language. This paper aims to quantitatively show the impact of non-verbal cues, with primary focus on facial emotions, on the results of multi-modal sentiment analysis. The paper works with a dataset of Spanish video reviews. The audio is available as Spanish text and is translated to English while visual features are extracted from the videos. Multiple classification models are made to analyze the sentiments at each modal stage i.e. for the Spanish and English textual datasets as well as the datasets obtained upon coalescing the English and Spanish textual data with the corresponding visual cues. The results show that the analysis of Spanish textual features combined with the visual features outperforms its English counterpart with the highest accuracy difference, thereby indicating an inherent correlation between the Spanish visual cues and Spanish text which is lost upon translation to English text.
BAT algorithm based feature selection: Application in credit scoring
Authors: Tripathi Diwakar , Ramachandra Reddy B. , Padmanabha Reddy Y.C.A. , Shukla Alok Kumar , Kumar Ravi Kant , Sharma Neeraj Kumar
Published: March 2021

Credit scoring plays a vital role for financial institutions to estimate the risk associated with a credit applicant applied for credit product. It is estimated based on applicants’ credentials and directly affects to viability of issuing institutions. However, there may be a large number of irrelevant features in the credit scoring dataset. Due to irrelevant features, the credit scoring models may lead to poorer classification performances and higher complexity. So, by removing redundant and irrelevant features may overcome the problem with large number of features. In this work, we emphasized on the role of feature selection to enhance the predictive performance of credit scoring model. Towards to feature selection, Binary BAT optimization technique is utilized with a novel fitness function. Further, proposed approach aggregated with “Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFN)”, “Support Vector Machine (SVM)” and “Random Forest (RF)” for classification. Proposed approach is validated on four bench-marked credit scoring datasets obtained from UCI repository. Further, the comprehensive investigational results analysis are directed to show the comparative performance of the classification tasks with features selected by various approaches and other state-of-the-art approaches for credit scoring.
Comprehensive nonmodularity and interaction indices for decision analysis
Authors: Wu Jian-Zhang , Beliakov Gleb
Published: March 2021

Nonmodularity is a prominent property of capacity that deeply links to the internal interaction phenomenon of multiple decision criteria. Following the common architectures of the simultaneous interaction indices as well as of the bipartition interaction indices, in this paper, we construct and study the notion of probabilistic nonmodularity index and also its particular cases, such as Shapely and Banzhaf nonmodularity indices, which can be used to describe the comprehensive interaction situations of decision criteria. The connections and differences among three categories of interaction indices are also investigated and compared theoretically and empirically. It is shown that three types of interaction indices have the same roots in their first and second orders, but meanwhile the nonmodularity indices have involved less amount of subsets and can be adopted to describe the interaction phenomenon in decision analysis.
The effects of sensory re-education on hand function recovery after peripheral nerve repair: A systematic review
Authors: Xia Weili , Bai Zhongfei , Dai Rongxia , Zhang Jiaqi , Lu Jiani , Niu Wenxin
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Peripheral nerve injury can result in both sensory and motor deficits, and these impairments can last for a long period after nerve repair. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the effects of sensory re-education (SR) on facilitating hand function recovery after peripheral nerve repair. METHODS: This systematic review was limited to articles published from 1970 to 20 December 2020. Electronic searching was performed in CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline databases to include trials investigating the effects of SR training on hand function recovery after peripheral nerve repair and included only those studies with controlled comparisons. RESULTS: Sixteen articles were included in final data synthesis. We found that only four studies could be rated as having good quality and noted obvious methodological limitations in the remaining studies. The current evidence showed that early SR with mirror visual feedback and the combinational use of classic SR and topical temporary anesthetic seemed to have long- and short-term effects, respectively on improving the sensibility and reducing the disabilities of the hand. The evidence to support the effects of conventional classical SR on improving hand functions was not strong. CONCLUSIONS: Further well-designed trials are needed to evaluate the effects of different SR techniques on hand function after nerve repair over short- and long-term periods.
Relation of exercise capacity to comprehensive physical functions in individuals with ischemic stroke
Authors: Ahn So-Young , Lee Nam-Gi , Lee Tae-Heon
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Impaired motor control, balance, muscle strength, and respiratory function may affect the exercise capacity related to motor performance and activities in individuals with stroke. OBJECTIVE: To identify a physical parameter that the exercise capacity has the most significant relationship among physical parameters related to motor function, trunk control, balance, and motor performance and activities in individuals with ischemic stroke. METHODS: In total, 241 ischemic stroke patients were recruited in this retrospective study. The clinical measurements included the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Fugl-Meyer assessment-lower extremity motor function (FMA-LE), trunk impairment scale (TIS), Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up and go test (TUG), 10-meter walk test (10 MWT), functional ambulation category (FAC), and functional independence measure (FIM). RESULTS: The 6 MWT was significantly correlated with the FMA-LE, BBS, TUG, 10 MWT, FAC, and FIM, indicating negative or positive moderate correlations. Additionally, the FMA-LE, TIS, BBS, TUG, 10 MWT, FAC, and FIM, excluding the 6 MWT, showed moderate to strong correlations with all of the other outcome measures, whereas the MoCA showed significant correlations only with the BBS and FIM. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the exercise capacity has the most significant relationship with the TUG parameter in stroke patients. Additionally, we suggest that significant relationships between 6 MWT and other comprehensive physical functions measurements are closely related to walking ability in individuals with stroke.
Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation program on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Su Chien-Ling , Tam Ka-Wai , Fang Tien-Pei , Chiang Ling-Ling , Chen Hui-Chin
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) develop respiratory failure and progressive muscle weakness. The effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on the lung function of patients with ALS are unclear. OBJECTIVE: Through this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we evaluated the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation, such as type of treatment, on patients with ALS and compared the effectiveness of this treatment. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched until December 2020. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the updated Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0). Data were analyzed using Review Manager version 5.4 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, England), and the meta-analysis was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: Of 2168 articles, 10 trials were reviewed; among these trials, two focused on respiratory training and eight on physical exercise, three of which involved a combination of aerobic and resistance training. Our meta-analysis demonstrated no difference in the ALSFRS-R score and % FVC among patients with ALS. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory training or physical exercise did not significantly affect the ALSFRS-R score and % FVC of patients with ALS. At 12 months after intervention, the ALSFRS-R score in the physical exercise group was higher than that in the usual care group. Further clinical trials are warranted to develop approaches for improving the lung function of patients with ALS.
Opportunities, barriers, and recommendations in Down syndrome research
Authors: Hendrix James A. , Amon Angelika , Abbeduto Leonard , Agiovlasitis Stamatis , Alsaied Tarek , Anderson Heather A. , Bain Lisa J. , Baumer Nicole , Bhattacharyya Anita , Bogunovic Dusan , Botteron Kelly N. , Capone George , Chandan Priya , Chase Isabelle , Chicoine Brian , Cieuta-Walti Cécile , DeRuisseau Lara R. , Durand Sophie , Esbensen Anna , Fortea Juan , Giménez Sandra , Granholm Ann-Charlotte , Mattie Laura J. , Head Elizabeth , Hillerstrom Hampus , Jacola Lisa M. , Janicki Matthew P. , Jasien Joan M. , Kamer Angela R. , Kent Raymond D. , Khor Bernard , Lawrence Jeanne B. , Lemonnier Catherine , Lewanda Amy Feldman , Mobley William , Moore Paul E. , Nelson Linda Pollak , Oreskovic Nicolas M. , Osorio Ricardo S. , Patterson David , Rasmussen Sonja A. , Reeves Roger H. , Roizen Nancy , Santoro Stephanie , Sherman Stephanie L. , Talib Nasreen , Tapia Ignacio E. , Walsh Kyle M. , Warren Steven F. , White A. Nicole , Wong G. William , Yi John S.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:

Recent advances in medical care have increased life expectancy and improved the quality of life for people with Down syndrome (DS). These advances are the result of both pre-clinical and clinical research but much about DS is still poorly understood. In 2020, the NIH announced their plan to update their DS research plan and requested input from the scientific and advocacy community.

OBJECTIVE:

The National Down Syndrome Society (NDSS) and the LuMind IDSC Foundation worked together with scientific and medical experts to develop recommendations for the NIH research plan.

METHODS:

NDSS and LuMind IDSC assembled over 50 experts across multiple disciplines and organized them in eleven working groups focused on specific issues for people with DS.

RESULTS:

This review article summarizes the research gaps and recommendations that have the potential to improve the health and quality of life for people with DS within the next decade.

CONCLUSIONS:

This review highlights many of the scientific gaps that exist in DS research. Based on these gaps, a multidisciplinary group of DS experts has made recommendations to advance DS research. This paper may also aid policymakers and the DS community to build a comprehensive national DS research strategy.
Adversarial auto-encoder for rating prediction with ratings and reviews
Authors: Yi Jin , Huang Jiajin , Qin Jin
Published: March 2021

Recommender systems have been widely used in our life in recent years to facilitate our life. And it is very important and meaningful to improve recommendation performance. Generally, recommendation methods use users’ historical ratings on items to predict ratings on their unrated items to make recommendations. However, with the increase of the number of users and items, the degree of data sparsity increases, and the quality of recommendations decreases sharply. In order to solve the sparsity problem, other auxiliary information is combined to mine users’ preferences for higher recommendation quality. Similar to rating data, review data also contain rich information about users’ preferences on items. This paper proposes a novel recommendation model, which harnesses an adversarial learning among auto-encoders to improve recommendation quality by minimizing the gap of the rating and review relation between a user and an item. The empirical studies on real-world datasets show that the proposed method improves the recommendation performance.
Validation of radiographic quality of simulation software - ImaSim
Authors: Wu Zhonghang , Yu Jieying , Wu Qianqing , Hou Pengfei , Sun Jiuai
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:

Virtual radiographic simulation has been found educationally effective for students to practice their clinical examinations remotely or online. A free available virtual simulator-ImaSim has received particular attention for radiographic science education because of its portability, free of charge and no constrain of location and physical facility. However, it lacks evidence to validate this virtual simulation software to faithfully reproduce radiographs comparable to that taken from a real X-ray machine to date.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate image quality of the virtual radiographs produced by the ImaSim. Thus, the deployment of this radiographic simulation software for teaching and experimental studying of radiography can be justified.

METHODS:

A real medical X-ray examination machine is employed to scan three standard QC phantoms to produce radiographs for comparing to the corresponding virtual radiographs generated by ImaSim software. The high and low range of radiographic contrast and comprehensive contrast-detail performance are considered to characterize the radiographic quality of the virtual simulation software.

RESULTS:

ImaSim software can generate radiographs with a contrast ranging from 30% to 0.8% and a spatial resolution as low as 0.6mm under the selected exposure setting condition. The characteristics of contrast and spatial resolution of virtual simulation generally agree with that of real medical X-ray examination machine.

CONCLUSION:

ImaSim software can be used to simulate a radiographic imaging process to generate radiographs with contrast and detail detectability comparable to those produced by a real X-ray imaging machine. Therefore, it can be adopted as a flexible educational tool for proof of concept and experimental design in radiography.
Improving the efficiency of cleaning gas emissions from foundry
Authors: Burda Y. , Cherednik A. , Redko I. , Pivnenko Y.
Published: March 2021

The work is devoted to the topical problem of increasing the efficiency of cleaning process of gases in packed-type scrubbers in order to reduce emissions of harmful substances and solid impurities into the atmosphere and improve the technical and economic indicators of wet gas cleaning systems. For this, a triangular cross-cut packing has been developed. Due to the size of the holes and their specific shape, the triangular packing provides longer contact of the packaging with water, which reduces water consumption. The packing is made of alloy steel AISI 316, so it can be used even in the most aggressive environment. In the work, the efficiency of cleaning with a scrubber with this packing is experimentally determined. The tests were performed at an ambient temperature of 23 °C. Several measurements were made for each type of packing, in a typical scrubber design. To conduct these industrial tests, a thermohygrometer-carbon dioxide gas analyzerAZ-7797 was used with high-precision NDIR (infrared) sensor, automatic background calibration (W/ABC), and compensation for deviations during long-term operation. The concentration measurement range is 0-9999 ppm with an error of ± 5 %. The gases were cooled in two stages. At first, they were cooled with ammonia water from 750 to 80 °C. Then they were fed to a primary gas refrigerator (basic type) of direct action, where its temperature were falled to 15 °C. Carbon dioxide concentration was measured after the first stage of cooling, after the final cooling, and after the cleaning process. The comparison is carried out with the most effective types of packing for wet gas cleaning today – chordal wood and Raschig rings. It is shown that the developed triangular packing with cross-shaped notches during the purification of coke oven gas from carbon dioxide improves the purification by 25 % in comparison with the wooden chord one, and by 15 % - with Raschig rings. This allows us to recommend it for widespread implementation.
Influence of water area depth on wind waves
Authors: Vitalii V. Yakovlev  , Volodymyr A. Voskoboinick  , Vitalii V. Khomicky  , Viktor O. Tkachenko  , Oleksandr A. Voskoboinyk  , Lidiia M. Tereshchenko  , Andrew V. Voskoboinick  , Viktoriia V. Bondar
Published: March 2021

A semi-empirical technique for calculating the parameters of wind waves at variable sea depths along the wind acceleration has been developed and presented. This technique allows you to determine the average values of wind wave heights, their length and period depending on the wind velocity, taking into account and without taking into account the heaping of water by wind. Within the framework of the described method, the calculations of wind wave parameters suitable for isobaths d = 20 m were performed for a specific study area of the Bistre (Novostambulske) branch of the Danube estuary, for the north-eastern and eastern wind directions. Numerical simulations were performed for the Black Sea in the location of the protection dam of the Maritime approach channel of the Danube-Black Sea deep-sea navigation. Numerical calculations of wind wave transformation in the water area near the protection dam for the most dangerous wind directions in stormy conditions were performed. For mathematical simulation, the maximum values of wind velocity and wave height were used, which were observed during the whole period of research of the Black Sea water area in the region of the dam. Within the framework of refraction theory, wave transformation calculations have been performed for the most wave-hazardous wind acceleration directions, namely, the north-eastern and eastern wind directions. It is shown that taking into account the heaping of water by wind leads to an increase in the parameters of gravitational waves. The results of numerical simulations have shown that with the increase of wind acceleration exceeding the limit values, the parameters of the waves reach constant values. These values depend on the bathymetry of the seabed, wind velocity and direction. It was found that the increase in the deviation of the free surface of the sea from the undisturbed level significantly depends on the heaping of water by wind. It was found that the relative increase in the wave parameters is observed higher in the east wind direction than in the northeast wind direction in the study area of the Black Sea.
A „laissez-faire” megjelenése a mai kor rendészeti vezetőjének attitűdjében
Authors: Kovács István , Piros Attila
Published: March 2021

Lewin az elméletét 1938-ban a lowai Gyermekjóléti Kutatási Központban 10 éves gyermekek körében végzett kísérlet eredményeképpen fogalmazta meg. Közel 80 év elteltével ennek aktualitását mind az egyén és mind a szervezetek vonatkozásában a társadalmi átalakulási folyamatok jelentős mértékben befolyásolták. Minderre figyelemmel az elmélet újragondolását a horizontálisan és vertikálisan felépülő (szervezeti és szakmai) rendészeti szervek vezetése vonatkozásában is indokolt megvizsgálni, amit a szervezetben szolgálatot ellátó, élettapasztalattal és szakmai életúttal rendelkező, kiforrott személyiségek véleménye is formálhat, új megvilágításban tüntethet fel.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА СУТНІСТЬ ЗВ’ЯЗКУ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ДОМОГОСПОДАРСТВ І РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ
Authors: Мульска Ольга
Published: March 2021

Стаття присвячена питанням каузальності економічної поведінки домогосподарств і розвитку територій, причинно-наслідковий зв’язок який визначається потребами, інтересами, мотивами, стимулами та формами прийняття економічних рішень домогосподарствами. Виявлено, що ефективна фінансова система країни позитивно впливає на економічний розвиток та зростання національного добробуту, а стан і перспективи розвитку фінансових джерел домогосподарств мають пріоритетне значення для функціонування економічної системи регіону або країни загалом. Доведено, що фінанси домогосподарств займають особливе місце серед ресурсів національного фінансового ринку, що характеризує не тільки рівень життя, пов’язаний зі споживанням, доходами та витратами домогосподарств, але також представляє важливий інвестиційний ресурс в економічному розвитку.
ГЕНЕЗИС МЕТОДОЛОГІЇ ТЕОРІЇ ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ
Authors: Новак Інна , Школьний Олександр , Вернюк Наталія
Published: March 2021

У статті вказано на відсутність сформованого інвестиційного ринку, що проявляється через слабкий розвиток фінансової інфраструктури, низьку ліквідність вітчизняних підприємств, невисокий рівень доходів населення, все це негативно впливає на інвестиційний клімат України. Обґрунтовано, що з метою забезпечення сталого розвитку країні потрібно залучати фінансові ресурси, а для цього консолідувати вітчизняний і міжнародний капітал у формі інвестицій. З метою дослідження умов формування стану рівноваги на вітчизняному інвестиційному ринку здійснено генезис методології теорії інвестування. При дослідженні використовувалися методи аналізу, синтезу, наукової абстракції, порівняльного аналізу, логічного узагальнення. Проаналізовано етапи становлення фундаментальних положень економічної теорії, а саме погляди вчених на значення капіталу у розвитку економіки країни. Проведене дослідження дозволило сформувати об’єктивні погляди на обсяги попиту та пропозиції інвестиційного капіталу необхідні для розвитку економіки України. Рекомендовано через інвестиційно-інноваційну політику, комплекс економічних, організаційно-правових, фінансово-кредитних та інших заходів держави реалізовувати стратегію інвестиційного розвитку економіки країни.
ПРИКЛАДИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДУ БЕЗРИЗИКОВОГО ЕКВІВАЛЕНТУ ДО ОЦІНКИ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЕКТІВ
Authors: Пенцак Євген , Саврук Гелена , Саврук Олександр
Published: March 2021

Кожна компанія вирішує проблему ефективного використання фінансових ресурсів, аналізуючи інвестиційну привабливість різних альтернатив. Для цього інвестиційні аналітики часто використовують традиційні інвестиційні критерії, побудовані на принципах дисконтування майбутніх грошових потоків, враховуючи ризиковість відповідного напрямку бізнесу. Такі методи оцінки інвестиційних проектів добре себе зарекомендували у випадках, коли фінансова система працює ефективно, коли фінансовий ринок насичений різноманітними фінансовими інструментами, що допомагають бізнесу ефективно управляти ризиками і при необхідності залучати боргове чи партнерське фінансування. Проте в умовах високо ризикового середовища бізнесу, коли на фінансовому ринку відсутній широкий спектр фінансових посередників, коли фінансовий ринок є неповним, то потрібно враховувати при оцінці інвестиційних проектів ставлення інвестора до ризику, його фінансовий стан та характеристики існуючого портфеля його бізнесів. У таких випадках для оцінки ризикових інвестиційних проектів використовують метод безризикового еквіваленту. Безризиковий еквівалент вказує на максимальну суму, яку готовий інвестувати інвестор у даний інвестиційний проект з врахуванням його ставлення до ризику, що описується з допомогою його функції задоволення від грошей. Дана робота присвячена саме демонстрації на прикладах застосування методу безризикового еквіваленту для оцінки інвестиційних проектів, що описуються з допомогою дискретних і неперервних випадкових величин. У роботі показано, як з допомогою чисельних симулятивних методів можна знаходити безризиковий еквівалент інвестиційних проектів у припущенні високо ризикових інвестицій, що характеризуються довгими і товстими хвостами відповідних розподілів. Запропонований в роботі підхід дозволяє ефективно інтегрувати нову ринкову та експертну інформацію, і його можна використовувати до оцінки інноваційних напрямків бізнесу високотехнологічних компаній, чи до інвестиційних продуктів, в основі яких лежить їх здатність «добувати» криптовалюту, наприклад, біткоїн чи ефір. Метод оцінки інвестиційної привабливості з допомогою безризикового еквіваленту допускає також можливість інтеграції з іншими інвестиційними методами, наприклад, методом реальних опціонів, а також дає можливість застосовувати аналіз чутливості до різних факторів впливу і симулятивний аналіз Монте Карло.
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ РЕСТОРАННОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Постова Валентина
Published: March 2021

В статті наведено розрахунок ефективності інноваційної діяльності, який базується на праксеологічному підході, що передбачає взаємозв’язок цільового, системного та ресурсного підходів. Визначено, що обрані підприємством методичні підходи до оцінки інноваційних процесів визначають рівень ефективності її проведення. Наведено схему послідовності визначення рівня інноваційної активності підприємств ресторанного бізнесу. Обрання методики оцінювання доцільності інноваційних процесів у системі управління інноваційною діяльністю є важливим орієнтиром для підвищення ефективності стратегічного управління. Розроблено стадії комплексного оцінювання та аналізу інноваційної діяльності. Розроблено алгоритм оцінювання стану та результативності стратегічного управління інноваційною діяльністю на підприємстві ресторанного господарства. Наведено основні заходи для підвищення результативності від інноваційної діяльності.
Impacto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 sobre la economía brasileña
Authors: Brasilia OFCOME
Published: March 2021

La pandemia derivada de la COVID-19 está teniendo un impacto global del que la economía de la República Federativa de Brasil no ha sido ajena. La ya de por sí compleja gestión de esta pandemia alcanza otra dimensión cuando se trata de la quinta economía mundial por tamaño (diecisiete veces España) y población (212 millones de personas) con un sistema federal en el que los distintos niveles administrativos (Unión, estados y municipios) deben coordinarse. Analizar esta dimensión requiere un enfoque de análisis en tres esferas, política, sanitaria y económica, que serán abordadas en este artículo.  Las medidas puestas en marcha por el Gobierno federal, para tratar de amortiguar los efectos que las medidas de aislamiento social necesarias para el control de la pandemia tienen sobre la actividad económica, han llevado a que el ejercicio 2020 cierre con un descenso del producto interior bruto (PIB) del 4,1 %, por debajo de los registros de otras economías de la región o de otras economías de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE). El cumplimiento de las perspectivas de una recuperación en forma de V con un crecimiento del entorno del 3,5% para 2021 dependerán, en gran medida, de la velocidad de avance del proceso de vacunación de la población y de la recuperación de medidas de apoyo extinguidas a final de 2020 y que se tornan necesarias aún en el actual escenario, donde Brasil continúa inmerso en la segunda ola de la COVID y las medidas de aislamiento social siguen siendo necesarias para tratar de controlar la expansión del virus.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Motivasi Sukarelawan dalam menjalankan Aktiviti Kesukarelawanan: Satu Kajian Literatur (Factors Affecting Volunteer Motivation in Carrying Out Volunteer Activities: A Literature Review)
Authors: Che Fazilah Siti Nathrah , Shaffieâ€¬ Fuziah
Published: March 2021

Dewasa kini, aktiviti kesukarelawanan dilihat seperti cendawan yang tumbuh selepas hujan. Pelbagai organisasi bukan kerajaan dan individu lahir terutamanya tatkala negara di landa musibah seperti banjir. Aktiviti kesukarelawanan yang dijalankan menjadi ukuran kepada keperibadian sukarelawan yang menjalankan kerja sukarela dengan penuh komitmen tanpa berhendakkan ganjaran. Terdapat enam (6) faktor motivasi sukarelawan yang dinyatakan dalam Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI) iaitu nilai, pemahaman, perlindungan, kerjaya, sosial dan juga peningkatan. Dengan adanya motivasi ini, sukarelawan dapat mengenalpasti faktor ataupun penyebab yang boleh meransang sukarelawan dalam menggerak dan mengarah hala tuju dalam menjalankan kerja sukarela. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang turut mempengaruhi motivasi sukarelawan dalam menjalankan kerja sukarela termasuklah kepercayaan dan keyakinan diri sukarelawan, pengaruh persekitaran, kemahiran, niat dan dasar kerajaan. Artikel ini menghuraikan faktor-faktor yang dapat memotivasikan sukarelawan dalam menjalankan aktiviti kesukarelawanan dan menyingkap strategi serta membantu pelbagai pihak termasuklah pihak kerajaan serta badan bukan kerajaan dalam usaha untuk mengatur strategi dalam memotivasikan sukarelawan dalam menjalankan aktiviti kesukarelawanan.