bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG VÀ CÁC PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐÁNH GIÁ Ở BỆNH NHÂN TĂNG TIẾT MỒ HÔI TAY
Authors: Minh Bảo Luân Trần , Tất Bằng Hồ , Xuân Quỳnh Nguyễn , Quang Đình Lê , Thanh Vỹ Trần
Published: April 2022

Tăng tiết mồ hôi tay là tình trạng tiết mồ hôi quá mức cần thiết ở lòng bàn tay so với nhu cầu sinh lý của cơ thể. Nguyên nhân của tình trạng này là do sự hoạt động quá mức của hệ thần kinh giao cảm. Đây không phải là một căn bệnh phổ biến, không nguy hiểm đến tính mạng nhưng lại gây ảnh hưởng đến hầu hết các khía cạnh chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh. Hiện nay, trên thế giới đã có nhiều nghiên cứu ứng dụng các thang đo và bộ câu hỏi để đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh như SF-36, WHOQOL0-100, HidroQOL… Việc phát triển và ứng dụng các thang đo giúp cho các nhà lâm sàng có cái nhìn khách quan hơn về ảnh hưởng của bệnh lý đối với người bệnh cũng như đưa ra những can thiệp hợp lý để cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh.
KHẢO SÁT POLYP ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP NỘI SOI PHÓNG ĐẠI BLI THEO PHÂN LOẠI BASIC
Authors: Thanh Tùng Nguyễn , Việt Hằng Đào
Published: April 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Polyp đại trực tràng là bệnh lý phổ biến và có nguy cơ tiến triển ác tính. Dự đoán mô bệnh học polyp qua nội soi giúp đưa ra hướng điều trị thích hợp. Phân loại BASIC dựa trên đánh giá cấu trúc bề mặt và mạch máu khi sử dụng nội soi phóng đại kết hợp ánh sáng laser xanh (BLI) được đề xuất để dự đoán kết quả mô bệnh học. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu: (1) Mô tả đặc điểm polyp đại trực tràng bằng phương pháp nội soi phóng đại BLI theo phân loại BASIC; (2) Đối chiếu kết quả phân loại BASIC với kết quả mô bệnh học. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả đánh giá nghiệm pháp chẩn đoán cho 166 polyp đại trực tràng được nội soi phóng đại với chế độ BLI, phân loại theo BASIC và đối chiếu với chuẩn vàng là kết quả mô bệnh học. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại Viện Nghiên cứu và Đào tạo Tiêu hóa, Gan mật từ tháng 1/2021 đến tháng 12/2021. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tỉ lệ các loại polyp tăng sản, u tuyến, răng cưa không cuốngvà ung thư theo phân loại BASIC trong nghiên cứu lần lượt là 39,2%, 56,0%, 0,6%, và 4,2%. Độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu,giá trị dự đoán dương tính, giá trị dự đoán âm tính và độ chính xáccủa phân loại BASIC với polyp tân sinh lần lượt là 96,0%, 93,8%, 96,0%, 93,8% và 95,2%.Kết luận: Nội soi phóng đại sử dụng chế độ BLI và phân loại BASICbước đầu cho thấy kết quảđáng tin cậy vềkhả năng dự đoán mô bệnh học của polyp đại trực tràng.
Escola sólida em meio à Modernidade Líquida: um dilema
Authors: Sales Marta Maria de Lima , Queiroz Simone Moura
Published: April 2022

Esta pesquisa buscou estudar as relações de forças existentes no dispositivo sala de aula de Matemática. Como aporte teórico, tivemos: Bauman (2001), Foucault (2010), Queiroz (2013), dentre outros. O método utilizado foi a cartografia da subjetividade humana (ROLNIK, 1989, 1997; SILVA et al, 2013; SALES; QUEIROZ, 2018). Foram realizados encontros com um professor e alguns alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola do Agreste Pernambucano. Para seleção dos alunos, utilizamos um questionário. E, para produção dos dados, observamos dez aulas de Matemática, realizamos mapas narrativos, seguidos de registros escritos das marcas produzidas, por meio de desenhos criados e relatos dos participantes. Através da cartografia, pudemos caminhar pelas subjetividades dos participantes, e fazermos algumas narrativas com os dados produzidos, sem nos preocuparmos em chegar a um caminho único ou resposta única. O que buscamos foi descrever os movimentos ocorridos rizomaticamente: agenciamentos, subjetivações, rotas de fuga, desterritorialização, afetações.
Sujeitos femininos de direito: Paradoxos da política de identidade e a dominação sobre as mulheres
Authors: Baptista Bruna Cruz , Ferreira Aldo Pacheco
Published: April 2022

A especificidade do feminino permeia sua relação com outros campos de saber, e torna-se um novo horizonte para pensar a diferença. Termo polissêmico, o feminino remete tanto ao tornar-se mulher, quanto às origens da sexualidade e aos papéis de gênero. Esta pesquisa teve como motivação inicial o estudo de um órgão cuja anatomia é geralmente ignorada ou mal interpretada: o clitóris. Principalmente se confrontado a outra parte do aparelho genital: a vagina. A partir de uma matriz metodológica composta de entrevistas e revisão bibliográfica somado a um estudo comparativo frente à utilização do Google forms como instrumento de avaliação. Foi-nos revelado que muito mais do que um mero desconhecimento, o que havia envolto a este parco conhecimento acerca do clitóris relacionava-se com interesses de cunho social e cultural. Com relações de poder. E afetava materialmente a vida das mulheres não somente no âmbito sexual e do prazer, mas também no da sociabilização, pautada em papéis sociais, restrições, violências, opressões e dominações.
Corpo-documento: um ensaio para descolonizar memórias
Authors: Reis Diego Dos Santos
Published: April 2022

O ensaio objetiva refletir sobre o papel das memórias e identidades ancestrais da diáspora negra, compreendidas como instâncias de resistência, de reconstrução de subjetividade e de pertença comunitária a partir dos valores civilizatórios afrorreferenciados. Busca-se pensar de que modo, no corpo, entendido como território, arquivo e documento, tal como proposto pela historiadora Beatriz Nascimento, as memórias e os valores ancestrais inscrevem-se como instâncias de resistência e de re-existência de sujeitos cujas vidas e narrativas foram atravessadas pela sanha da violência colonial. Os efeitos nefastos desse processo, ainda em curso, seguem instituindo hierarquias de humanidades, prejuízos e desvantagens aos corpos não-brancos, em detrimento da manutenção de privilégios experimentados pela branquitude. Defende-se que, em um país marcado pelo racismo estrutural, pelas desigualdades raciais e pela ininterrupção de um projeto de Estado genocida, as memórias de lutas, de saberes encarnados, experiências e modos de vida coletivos atuam como poderoso recurso contracolonial e anti-epistemicida, capaz de obstar práticas necropolíticas direcionadas às memórias, narrativas e representações de corpos negros.
Escudos contra Fake News: um método para combater a desinformação nos ambientes de ensino
Authors: Andrade Luiz Adolfo , Cavalcanti Lara
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo apresenta a metodologia “Escudos contra Fake News”, propondo seu uso na educação. Este método serve para validação do conteúdo que é recebido por aplicativos como WhatsApp, tornando-se ferramenta útil para verificação de notícias falsas e combate à desinformação. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma pesquisa aplicada, realizada entre setembro e novembro de 2020 em programas de rádio nas cidades de Juazeiro (BA) e Petrolina (PE). A escolha por rádios foi determinada pelo fechamento das instituições de ensino no segundo semestre do ano passado, por causa da pandemia da Covid-19. A partir dos resultados desta experiência, que comprovaram a eficiência do método para identificação de notícias falsas, é proposta uma adaptação para aplicar em ambientes de ensino remoto e presencial.
SAĞLIK HİZMET BÖLGELERİNİN PERFORMANSININ VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: DURUR Fatih , GÜNALTAY Meliha Meliş , IŞIKÇELİK Ferda
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından oluşturulan 30 Sağlık Hizmet Bölgesinin (SHB) performanslarının değerlendirilmesidir.
Yöntem: SHB’lerin performansının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılmıştır. SHB’lerin etkinlik skorları girdi yönelimli olarak CCR ve BCC modellerine göre hesaplanarak karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: CCR modeli sonuçlarına göre 30 SHB içerisinde 12 tanesi etkin, 18 SHB etkin değildir. Etkin olmayan SHB’ler içerisinde etkinlik skoru en düşük olan SHB 0,7660 ile Malatya, Elâzığ, Bingöl ve Tunceli’nin yer aldığı 4. SHB’dir. BCC modeli sonuçlarına göre ise etkin SHB sayısı 21 iken 9 SHB etkin değildir. CCR modeline göre genel etkinlik skor ortalaması 0,9498 iken, BCC modelinde 0,9769 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Her iki modelde de en düşük etkinlik skoruna sahip olan 4. SHB’nin etkin olabilmesi için CCR modeline göre yatak sayısının %39,86, pratisyen hekim sayısının %25,26, uzman hekim sayısının %25,34, hemşire/ebe sayısının ise %39,17 oranında azaltılması gerekmektedir.
Özgünlük: Sağlık bölge planlaması yapısının amacına ulaşması için mevcut durumlarının değerlendirilmesi önemlidir. Literatür incelendiğinde SHB’lerin performansını değerlendiren bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır.
The Influence Of Prospective Students' Motivation To Determine Higher Education Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (Ahp)
Authors: Juliarta Fresly
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the motivational factors of Labuhanbatu University students in choosing a college. This research is an exploratory research through policy evaluation. The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The sampling technique used is multistage random sampling, according to Arikunto, which is 25% of the population. The data analysis technique used is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). From the data that the authors obtained, there are five motivational factors studied. The highest rank is related to motivational factors in determining tertiary institutions, namely achievement motivation factors with eigenvector value = 0.31, university image motivation factors with eigenvector = 0.25, motivational process factors with eigenvector = 0.20, educational zoning motivation factors with eigenvector = 0.14 and the motivation factor of alumni perception with eigenvector = 0.10. This shows that of the five motivational factors obtained, the most dominant motivational factor is achievement motivation (first rank) after completing his education. The second most dominant factor is the university's image. The image of a university greatly influences why students choose to continue to higher education here. Labuhanbatu University which is well accredited is a university that is targeted by prospective new students who want to continue their education at Labuhanbatu University.
Listening Team And Team Quiz Learning Model Implementation Towards Student’s Study Results On Social Science Subject In Islamic Junior High School
Authors: Bashith Abdul , Nasith Ali
Published: April 2022

This article is about improving learning through listening teams and quizzes. Seeing the phenomenon of the low level of completeness of students in understanding the material presented in class, because they still use the lecture method which is considered less than optimal. So that the concept of the material is not understood by students. Therefore, we need a solution in teaching and learning activities to overcome the problems above, namely by using the Listening Team and Team Quiz methods as an alternative offer because it can arouse students’ enthusiasm and enthusiasm and develop children’s potential optimally. Experiments of listening team and team quiz learning models on student study results in Islamic Junior High School (Madrasah Tsanawiyah), especially in Social Sciences subjects (IPS).
Analysis Of The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Income Of Oil Palm Farmers In Kuantan Singingi Regency
Authors: Alatas Andi , WM Vermila Chezy , Jamalludin Jamalludin
Published: April 2022

With the title Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 on the Income of Oil Palm Farmers in Kuantan Singingi Regency. The purpose of this study was to find out how the impact of covid-19 on the income of oil palm farmers in Kuantan Singingi Regency. The analytical method used is mathematical analysis and descriptive analysis by simplifying table data. The data collected in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained through interviews with respondents using questionnaires. The results showed that there was a significant difference in palm oil production before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and there was a significant difference in farmers' income before the pandemic, which was Rp. 13,795,936 and during the pandemic, which was Rp. 11,175,474.
Evaluation of correlated Pandora column observations and in situ surface air quality measurements during GMAP campaign
Authors: Chang Lim-Seok , Kim Donghee , Hong Hyunkee , Kim Deok-Rae , Yu Jeonga , Lee Kwangyul , Lee Hanlim , Kim Daewon , Hong Jinkyu , Jo Hyun-Young , Kim Cheol-Hee
Published: April 2022

Abstract. To validate the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), the GEMS Map of Air Pollution (GMAP) campaign was conducted during 2020–2021 by integrating Pandora Asia Network, aircraft, and in situ measurements. In the present study, GMAP-2020 measurements were applied to evaluate urban air quality and explore the synergy of Pandora column (PC) NO2 measurements and surface in situ (SI) NO2 measurements for Seosan, South Korea, where large point source (LPS) emissions are densely clustered. Due to the difficulty of interpreting the effects of LPS emissions on air quality downwind of Seosan using SI monitoring networks alone, we used a combination of PC and SI measurements, and explored the synergy of this approach through correlation analysis of PC-NO2 and SI-NO2. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering using vertical meteorological variables combined with PC-NO2 and SI-NO2 yielded three distinct conditions: synoptic wind-dominant (SD), mixed (MD), and local wind-dominant (LD). These results suggested meteorology-dependent correlations between PC-NO2 and SI-NO2. Overall, yearly daytime mean (11:00–17:00 KST) PC-NO2 and SI-NO2 statistical data showed good linear correlations (R = ~0.73); however, these correlations were dependent on meteorological conditions. SD conditions characterized by higher wind speeds and planetary boundary layer heights suppressed fluctuations in both PC-NO2 and SI-NO2, driving a uniform vertical NO2 structure with higher correlations, whereas under LD conditions, stack plumes decoupled from LPS or were transported from nearby cities, weakening correlations through anomalous vertical NO2 gradients. However, under MD conditions, both pollution ventilation due to high surface wind speeds and daytime photochemical NO2 loss contributed to stronger correlations through a decline in both PC-NO2 and SI-NO2 toward noon. Thus, Pandora Asia Network observations collected over 13 Asian countries since 2021 can be utilized for investigation of the vertical complexity of air quality in combination with SI measurements. The results of this study also indicate that caution is required when performing GEMS validation using either PC or SI observations alone, particularly under prevailing local wind meteorological conditions or transport processes.
Enhanced sulfur in the UTLS in spring 2020
Authors: Tomsche Laura , Marsing Andreas , Jurkat-Witschas Tina , Lucke Johannes , Kaufmann Stefan , Kaiser Katharina , Schneider Johannes , Scheibe Monika , Schlager Hans , Röder Lenard , Fischer Horst , Obersteiner Florian , Zahn Andreas , Lelieveld Jos , Voigt Christiane
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Sulfur compounds in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) impact the atmosphere radiation budget, either directly as particles or indirectly as precursor gas for new particle formation. In situ measurements in the UTLS are rare, but are important to better understand the impact of the sulfur budget on climate. The BLUESKY mission in May/June 2020 explored an unprecedented situation. 1) The UTLS experienced extraordinary dry conditions in spring 2020 over Europe, in comparison to previous years and 2) the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic caused major emission reductions from industry, ground, and airborne transportation. With the two research aircraft HALO and Falcon, 20 flights were conducted over Central Europe and the North Atlantic to investigate the atmospheric composition with respect to trace gases, aerosol, and clouds. Here, we focus on measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate sulfate (SO42-) in the altitude range of 8 to 14.5 km which show unexpectedly enhanced mixing ratios of SO2 in the upper troposphere and of SO42- in the lowermost stratosphere. In the UT, we find SO2 mixing ratios of (0.07 ± 0.01) ppb, caused by the remaining air traffic, reduced SO2 sinks due to low OH and low cloud fractions, and to a minor extend by uplift from boundary layer sources. Particulate sulfate showed elevated mixing ratios of up to 0.33 ppb in the LS. We suggest that the eruption of the volcano Raikoke in June 2019, which emitted about 1 Tg SO2 into the stratosphere in northern midlatitudes caused these enhancements, in addition to Siberian and Canadian wildfires and other minor volcanic eruptions. Our measurements can help to test models and lead to new insights in the distribution of sulfur compounds in the UTLS, their sources and sinks. Moreover, these results can contribute to improve simulations of the radiation budget in the UTLS with respect to sulfur effects.
Technical note: Common ambiguities in plant hydraulics
Authors: Wang Yujie , Frankenberg Christian
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Plant hydraulics gains increasing interest in plant eco-physiology and vegetation modeling. However, the hydraulic properties and profiles are often improperly represented thus leading to biased results and simulations, e.g., the neglection of gravitational pressure drop results in overestimated water flux. We highlight the commonly seen ambiguities and/or misunderstandings in plant hydraulics, including (1) distinction between water potential and pressure, (2) differences among hydraulic conductance and conductivity, (3) xylem vulnerability curve formulations, (4) stomatal model representations, (5) bias from analytic estimations, (6) whole plant vulnerability, and (7) neglected temperature dependencies. We recommend careful thinking before using or modifying existing definitions, methods, and models.
Hysteretic evolution of ice rises and ice rumples in response to variations in sea level
Authors: Henry A. Clara J. , Drews Reinhard , Schannwell Clemens , Višnjević Vjeran
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Ice rises and ice rumples are locally grounded features found in coastal Antarctica and are surrounded by otherwise freely ﬂoating ice shelves. An ice rise has an independent ﬂow regime, whereas the ﬂow regime of an ice rumple conforms to that of the ice shelf and merely slows the ﬂow of ice. In both cases, local highs in the bathymetry are in contact with the ice shelf from below, thereby regulating the large-scale ice ﬂow, with implications for the upstream continental grounding line position. This buttressing effect, paired with the suitability of ice rises as a climate archive, necessitates a better understanding of the transition between ice rise and ice rumple, their evolution in response to a change in sea level, and their dynamic interaction with the surrounding ice shelf. We investigate this behaviour using a three-dimensional full Stokes ice ﬂow model. The simulations span end-member basal friction scenarios of almost stagnant and fully sliding ice at the ice-bed interface. We analyse the coupling with the surrounding ice shelf by comparing the deviations between the non-local full Stokes surface velocities and the local shallow ice approximation (SIA). Deviations are generally high at the ice divides and small on the lee sides. On the stoss side, where ice rise and ice shelf have opposing ﬂow directions, deviations can be signiﬁcant. Differences are negligible in the absence of basal sliding where the corresponding steady state ice rise is larger and develops a fully independent ﬂow regime that is well described by SIA. When sea level is increased and a transition from ice rise to ice rumple is approached, the divide migration is more abrupt the higher the basal friction. In each scenario, the transition occurs after the stoss side grounding line has moved over the bed high and is positioned on a retrograde slope. We identify a hysteretic response of ice rises and ice rumples to changes in sea level, with grounded area being larger in a sea level increase scenario than in a sea level decrease scenario. This hysteresis not only shows irreversibility following an equal increase and subsequent decrease in sea level, but also has important implications for ice ﬂow model initialisation. The initial grounded area needs to be carefully considered, as this will determine the formation of either an ice rise or an ice rumple, thereby causing different buttressing effects.
Signal contribution of distant areas to cosmic-ray neutron sensors – implications on footprint and sensitivity
Authors: Schrön Martin , Köhli Markus , Zacharias Steffen
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This paper presents a new theoretical concept to estimate the contribution of distant areas to the measurement signal of cosmic-ray neutron detectors for snow and soil moisture monitoring. The algorithm is based on the local neutron production and their transport mechanism, given by the neutron-moisture relationship and the radial intensity function, respectively. The purely analytical approach has been validated with physics-based neutron transport simulations for heterogeneous soil moisture patterns, exemplary landscape features, and remote fields at a distance. We found that the method provides good approximations of simulated signal contributions in patchy soils with typical deviations of less than 1 %. Moreover, implications of this concept have been investigated for the neutron-moisture relationship, where the signal contribution of an area has the potential to explain deviating shapes of this curve that are often reported in literature. Finally, the concept has been used to develop a new practical footprint definition to express whether or not a distant area's soil moisture change is actually detectable in terms of measurement precision. The presented concepts answer long lasting questions about the influence of distant landscape structures in the integral footprint of the sensor without the need for computationally expensive simulations. The new insights are highly relevant to support signal interpretation, data harmonization, and sensor calibration, and will be particularly useful for sensors positioned in complex terrain or on agriculturally managed sites.
SGD-SM 2.0: An Improved Seamless Global Daily Soil Moisture Long-term Dataset From 2002 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Yuan Qiangqiang , Jin Taoyong , Song Meiping , Sun Fujun
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Satellite-based daily soil moisture products inevitably exist the drawbacks of low-coverage rate in global land, because of the satellite orbit covering scopes and the limitations of soil moisture retrieving models. To solve this issue, Zhang et al. (2021) generated seamless global daily soil moisture (SGD-SM 1.0) products for the years 2013~2019. Nevertheless, there are still several shortages in SGD-SM 1.0 products, especially on temporal range, sudden extreme weather condition, and sequential time-series information. In this work, we develop an improved seamless global daily soil moisture (SGD-SM 2.0) dataset from 2002 to 2022, to overcome above shortages. SGD-SM 2.0 uses three sensors AMSR-E, AMSR2 and WindSat. Global daily precipitation products are assimilated into the proposed reconstructing model. We propose an integrated long short-term memory convolutional neural network (LSTM-CNN) to fill the gaps and missing regions in daily soil moisture products. In-situ validation and time-series validation testify the reconstructing accuracy and availability of SGD-SM 2.0 (R: 0.672, RMSE: 0.096, MAE: 0.078). The time-series curves of the improved SGD-SM 2.0 are consistency with the original daily time-series soil moisture and precipitation distribution. Compared with SGD-SM 1.0, the improved SGD-SM 2.0 outperforms on reconstructing accuracy and time-series consistency. SGD-SM 2.0 products are recorded at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6041561 (Zhang et al., 2022).
Improved ocean circulation modeling with combined effects of surface waves and M2 internal tides on vertical mixing: a case study for the Indian Ocean
Authors: Zhuang Zhanpeng , Zheng Quanan , Yang Yongzeng , Song Zhenya , Yuan Yeli , Zhou Chaojie , Zhao Xinhua , Zhang Ting , Xie Jing
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The surface waves and internal tides have great contribution to the vertical mixing processes in the upper ocean. In this study, three mixing schemes, including the non-breaking surface-wave-generated turbulent mixing, the mixing induced by the wave transport flux residue, and the internal-tide-generated turbulent mixing, are introduced to study the effects the surface waves and the internal tides on the vertical mixing. The three schemes are jointly incorporated into the Marine Science and Numerical Modeling (MASNUM) ocean circulation model as a part of the vertical diffusive terms, which are calculated by the surface wave parameters simulated from the MASNUM wave model and the surface amplitudes of the mode-1 M2 internal tides extracted from the satellite altimetry data using a two-dimensional plane wave fit method. The effects of the mixing schemes on the Indian Ocean modeling are tested by five climatological experiments. The surface waves and internal tides lead to enhance the vertical mixing processes in the sea surface and ocean interior, respectively. The combination of the mixing schemes is able to strengthen the vertical water exchange and draw more water from the sea surface to the ocean interior. The simulated results gain significant improvement in the thermal structure and the mixed layer depth if the three schemes are all adopted.
A graph neural network approach to basin-scale river network learning: The role of physics-based connectivity and data fusion
Authors: Sun Alexander Y. , Jiang Peishi , Yang Zong-Liang , Xie Yangxinyu , Chen Xingyuan
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Rivers and river habitats around the world are under sustained pressure from anthropogenic activities and the changing global environment. Our ability to quantify and manage the river states in a timely manner is critical for protecting the public safety and natural resources. Vector-based river network models have enabled modeling of large river basins at increasingly fine resolutions, but are computationally demanding. This work presents a multistage, physics-guided, graph neural network (GNNs) approach for basin-scale river network learning and stream forecasting. GNN models are pretrained using a high-resolution vector-based river network model, and then fine-tuned with in situ streamflow observations, after which a post-processing data fusion step is proposed to propagate residuals over the entire network to correct predictions. The GNN-based framework is demonstrated over a snow-dominated watershed in the western U.S. consisting of 552 reaches. A series of experiments are performed to test different training and imputation strategies. Results show the trained GNN model can effectively serve as a surrogate model of the process-based model with high accuracies, with the median Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) greater than 0.97. Application of the graph-based data fusion further reduces mismatch between the GNN model and observations, with as much as 50 percent KGE improvement over cross-validation gages. Additionally we exploit and demonstrate a graph coarsening procedure that achieves comparable predicting skills at only a fraction of training cost, thus providing important insights on the degree of physical realism needed for developing large-scale GNN-based river network models.
On the importance of phenology in the Miombo ecosystem: Evaluation of open-source satellite evaporation models
Authors: Zimba Henry , Coenders-Gerrits Miriam , Banda Kawawa , Hulsman Petra , van de Giesen Nick , Nyambe Imasiku , Savenije Hubert
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Accurate spatial-temporal information on evaporation is needed for use in many sectors including hydrology, agriculture and climate studies. This would require a dense observation network, which is practically impossible. Over the past decades, remotely sensed evaporation models to estimate spatially continuous evaporation have been developed. However, deciding which model to use is a challenge as these models vary in complexity and accuracy across the different global ecosystems. It is even more challenging for complex African ecosystems that have very few, or none at all, flux tower observations. In this study, we used the general water balance evaporation (Ewb) as reference to which we compared six models that determine evaporation, i.e., FLEX – TopoWB, TerraClimate (TMCWB), GLEAM, MOD16, SSEBop and WaPOR, in the Luangwa Basin, a semi-arid catchment in the Miombo ecosystem in southern Africa. FLEX – TopoWB and TMCWB models are calibrated on discharge, while GLEAM, MOD16, SSEBop and WaPOR have been validated on evaporation data from flux tower observations. Key focus is on inter-model performance comparison in the Miombo ecosystem across phenophases and land cover types. Results show that major spatial-temporal discrepancies in model performance occur in the forest and open water body land surfaces during the dormant and green-up phenophases in the dry season. Compared to Ewb, annually WaPOR consistently overestimated evaporation while GLEAM consistently underestimated evaporation. The rest of the models showed biases within the GLEAM and WaPOR boundaries. With reference to bias, SSEBop and WaPOR showed lowest aggregated 2009–2020 bias in terms of estimating long-term average annual evaporation. It appears that correct understanding of the Miombo vegetation phenology associated moisture feedbacks and incorporating these in model structure is likely to improve evaporation estimates in the Luangwa Basin and Miombo Woodland ecosystem as a whole.
THREE SIMILAR MEAN PROBLEMS: ARE THEY REALLY THAT SIMILAR? RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE PROBLEM ON STUDENTS’ RESPONSES
Authors: MARY CLAUDINE , GATTUSO LINDA
Published: April 2022

The results are taken from a much larger study on the strategies that pupils in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th stages at secondary school (ages 14-16) use for solving problems concerning the mean. In this paper the solutions of three problems are analysed. These problems have been formulated to be of such a kind that we can distinguish between the ability of pupils to calculate a mean, and that of realising the effect of a change in the number of observations or in the value of an observation, on the mean. The problems were also seen to test the influence of a value equal to zero on the mean, drawn attention to in earlier research studies. The results of the current study show us, in the chosen context, the type and sense of the modifications exerting influence on the manipulations of the pupils, and that inadequate conceptions or a change of meaning appeared in certain situations and not in others. Note: An extended summary in English is provided at the beginning of this paper, which is written in French.
First published November 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Front pages, editorial, message from Flavia Jolliffe, and new editorial board members
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published May 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
ASSOCIATION OF COURSE PERFORMANCE WITH STUDENT BELIEFS: AN ANALYSIS BY GENDER AND INSTRUCTIONAL SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: ALLDREDGE J. RICHARD , BROWN GARY R.
Published: April 2022

The effect of educational technologies on learning is an area of active interest. We conducted an experiment to compare the impact of instructional software on student performance. We hypothesize that some of the impact on student performance may reflect the influence of the technology on student subject-related beliefs and that those beliefs may differ by gender. We desired to assess how course performance may be associated with student beliefs, and how the association may differ depending on instructional software environment and gender.
First published May 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
PAST IASE CONFERENCES
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published May 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
USING DATA COMPARISON TO SUPPORT A FOCUS ON DISTRIBUTION: EXAMINING PRESERVICE TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDINGS OF DISTRIBUTION WHEN ENGAGED IN STATISTICAL INQUIRY
Authors: LEAVY AISLING
Published: April 2022

This exploratory study, a one group pretest-posttest design, investigated the development of elementary preservice teachers’ understandings of distribution as expressed in the measures and representations used to compare data distributions. During a semester-long mathematics methods course, participants worked in small groups on two statistical inquiry projects requiring the collection, representation, analysis and reporting of data with the ultimate goal of comparing distributions of data. Many participants shifted from reporting descriptive exclusively to the combined use of graphical representations and descriptive statistics which supported a focus on distributional shape and coordinated variability and center. Others gained skills and understandings related to statistical measures and representations yet failed to utilize these when comparing distributions. Gaps and misconceptions in statistical understanding are discussed. Recommendations for supporting the development of conceptual understanding relating to distribution are outlined.
First published November 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
PAST IASE CONFERENCES
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published November 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Front pages and editorial
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published November 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
AN EXAMINATION OF THE LEVELS OF COGITIVE DEMAND REQUIRED BY PROBABILITY TASKS IN MIDDLE GRADES MATHEMATICS TEXTBOOKS
Authors: JONES DUSTIN L. , TARR JAMES E.
Published: April 2022

We analyze probability content within middle grades (6, 7, and 8) mathematics textbooks from a historical perspective. Two series, one popular and the other alternative, from four recent eras of mathematics education (New Math, Back to Basics, Problem Solving, and Standards) were analyzed using the Mathematical Tasks Framework (Stein, Smith, Henningsen, & Silver, 2000). Standards-era textbook series devoted significantly more attention to probability than other series; more than half of all tasks analyzed were located in Standards-era textbooks. More than 85% of tasks for six series required low levels of cognitive demand, whereas the majority of tasks in the alternative series from the Standards era required high levels of cognitive demand. Recommendations for future research are offered.
First published November 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
FORTHCOMING IASE CONFERENCES
Authors: PETOCZ PETER , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published May 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
STATISTICAL COGNITION: TOWARDS EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE IN STATISTICS AND STATISTICS EDUCATION
Authors: BEYTH-MAROM RUTH , FIDLER FIONA , CUMMING GEOFF
Published: April 2022

Practitioners and teachers should be able to justify their chosen techniques by taking into account research results: This is evidence-based practice (EBP). We argue that, specifically, statistical practice and statistics education should be guided by evidence, and we propose statistical cognition (SC) as an integration of theory, research, and application to support EBP. SC is an interdisciplinary research field, and a way of thinking. We identify three facets of SC—normative, descriptive, and prescriptive— and discuss their mutual influences. Unfortunately, the three components are studied by somewhat separate groups of scholars, who publish in different journals. These separations impede the implementation of EBP. SC, however, integrates the facets and provides a basis for EBP in statistical practice and education.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Institutional support to community health workers using integrated management of childhood illness program in Rwanda
Authors: Kamanzi Joyce , Richter Solina
Published: April 2022

The objective was to explore the support given to community health workers who use the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) approach and describe the supervision given to them. A non-experimental, exploratory, descriptive, quantitative design was used for this study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire; 305 were interviewed (30% sample). The data were double entered, cleaned, and analyzed using Statistics Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) 19. Support and supervision in Rwanda are provided by the base institution and by supervisors. CHWs often had a shortage of drugs and equipment (63.3%) and 87.5% have experienced run out of equipment, medicines, and consumables. This created barriers to caring for sick children. To improve institutional support for community health workers, regular and continuous supportive supervision and supplies are essential.
Sessão de reiki em profissionais de uma universidade pública: ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Oliveira Larissa Santos , Barreiro Maria do Socorro Claudino , Rodrigues Iellen Dantas Campos Verdes , Santos Ana Carla Ferreira Silva dos , Silva Wanderley Williams Santos , Freitas Carla Kalline Alves Cartaxo
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da terapia reiki em profissionais de uma universidade pública por meio da percepção de bem-estar subjetivo. Método: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado, simples cego, com grupo experimental e controle. Vinte e oito profissionais participaram da pesquisa. Após alocação nos grupos, o experimental recebeu três sessões de reiki e o controle três sessões falsas. Resultados: o teste ANOVA mostrou significância na redução da dimensão “afeto negativo” no grupo experimental (p=0,023). Conclusão: O reiki reduz o “afeto negativo”, dessa maneira, essa terapia pode reduzir sensações desagradáveis em trabalhadores, mostra-se uma ferramenta eficaz para o cuidado.
Uso das tecnologias digitais no processo ensino-aprendizagem em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar: revisão integrativa
Authors: Alves Mateus Goulart , Nascimento Juliana da Silva Garcia , Dalri Maria Celia Barcellos , Pereira Vanessa Oliveira Silva , Caliari Juliano de Souza , Faria Heloisa Turcatto Gimenes
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre o uso de tecnologias digitais para o ensino e aprendizagem da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, SciELO e LILACS. Foram identificados 106 estudos e destes, apenas 8 compuseram a amostra. Resultados: As principais tecnologias identificadas e consideradas efetivas foram a simulação virtual, curso online, Telegram e HeartCodeTM, envolvendo as habilidades afetivas, cognitivas e psicomotoras. A simulação virtual foi a mais adotada e efetiva para desenvolver habilidades cognitivas, psicomotoras e afetivas. Conclusão: Este estudo contribui para a pesquisa, ensino e assistência por apresentar um arcabouço de evidências científicas quanto à articulação de tecnologias digitais e ensino da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, expondo possibilidades pedagógicas digitais para as melhores práticas e desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas, psicomotoras e afetivas.
Compromissos diante da violência doméstica: olhar de universitários como cidadãos e futuros profissionais
Authors: Acosta Daniele Ferreira , Nunes Priscila do Amaral , Calcagno Samanta Costa , Conceição Pamela Medina
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento de universitários sobre os compromissos, profissionais e cidadãos, diante da violência doméstica contra a mulher. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa realizada nas casas do estudante da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, em Rio Grande/RS, no ano de 2019. Foram convidados, aleatoriamente, dois homens e duas mulheres de cada casa, totalizando 28 participantes. Todos responderam a entrevistas semiestruturadas e o corpus foi analisado segundo a Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: enquanto alguns universitários não aproximavam a temática com seus cursos de graduação, outros a reconheciam como importante tema de debate e compromisso com a formação profissional. Como cidadãos, mencionaram o dever de debater o assunto entre amigos, denunciar casos de violência, oferecer apoio à mulher; embora apresentassem dúvidas sobre essa conduta. Conclusão: o reconhecimento dos compromissos frente à violência doméstica contra a mulher é uma das estratégias de enfrentamento.
Estudo microscópico dos materiais utilizados para confecção de máscaras para proteção contra a COVID-19
Authors: Leachi Helenize Ferreira Lima , Bieniek Aryane Apolinário , Peixe Tiago Severo , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analisar, por meio de um estudo microscópico, os materiais utilizados para confecção das máscaras de uso da população em geral para a proteção contra a COVID-19, em relação à superfície, o tamanho, a forma e a distribuição dos poros dos mesmos. Método: estudo analítico. Foram realizadas análises de amostras de tecidos e outros materiais utilizados para confecções de máscaras para proteção da comunidade em geral contra a COVID-19 em um Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica e Microanálise.  Resultados: a análise do tecido de algodão 100% e da sarja evidenciou esses dois tipos de tecidos como efetiva barreira microbiana. Em contrapartida, o tricoline e os demais tecidos e materiais analisados, não se apresentam como barreiras eficazes na proteção a COVID-19. Conclusão: entre os tecidos analisados, o algodão 100%, fornece uma trama mais densa, com fios mais grossos e pouca porosidade, sendo uma barreira eficaz na proteção contra infecções.
Avaliação do suporte social e da adesão medicamentosa em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana
Authors: Hermano Bruno Rodrigues , Barros Alba Lúcia Bottura Leite de , Lopes Juliana de Lima , Santos Mariana Alvina dos , Lopes Camila Takao , Santos Vinicius Batista
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a adesão medicamentosa e o suporte social percebido e sua associação em pacientes hospitalizados por Doença Arterial Coronária. Método: Estudo transversal envolvendo pacientes hospitalizados por Síndrome Coronariana Aguda ou Crônica. A adesão medicamentosa foi avaliada pelo Brief Medication Questionnaire e o suporte social pela Escala de Apoio Social do Medical Outcomes Study. Valor p<0,05 foi considerado como significativo. Resultados: Incluídos 59 pacientes, sendo que 50,8% foram classificados como potencial para não adesão e 37,3% como não aderentes. O suporte social percebido identificado foi considerado como quase sempre a sempre. Os pacientes aderentes e aqueles classificados como potencial para não adesão apresentaram maior escore no domínio emocional/informacional quando comparados com aqueles classificados como potencial para adesão (p=0,01). Conclusão: Houve alta prevalência de baixa adesão medicamentosa e altos escores de suporte social percebido. O suporte emocional e de informação apresentou associação com os níveis de adesão medicamentosa.
Panorama epidemiológico do HIV em gestantes indígenas e não indígenas no estado do Pará
Authors: Trindade Lidiane de Nazaré Mota , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal , Gomes Elisângela Silva , Guimarães Neto Juarez Távora , Costa Nataly Yuri , Santos Sávio Felipe Dias , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da infecção pelo HIV em gestantes indígenas e não indígenas no estado do Pará. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, realizado a partir de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação referentes ao período de 2010 a 2017. Resultados: As taxas de detecção de HIV em gestantes apresentaram tendência de crescimento nos dois grupos étnicos. O acompanhamento pré-natal mostrou-se importante para a triagem sorológica do HIV nas populações estudadas. Conclusão: Os elevados índices de HIV em gestantes, especialmente entre indígenas, evidenciam a necessidade de adequação da política e diretrizes de prevenção do HIV/aids de modo a torná-las culturalmente adequadas para os diferentes contextos étnicos. Além disso, torna-se imprescindível a ampliação das medidas de prevenção e diagnóstico do HIV em momentos que antecedem a gestação a fim de interromper a cadeia de transmissão do vírus.
Prevenção de infecções associadas a cateteres periféricos: elaboração e validação de instrumento
Authors: Pelizari Aline Eloá Barbosa , Silva Raissa Souza , Couto Daniela Sanches , Fittipaldi Thais Roberto Magalhães , Perinoti Lívia Cristina Scalon da Costa , Figueiredo Rosely Moralez de
Published: April 2022

Objetivos: Elaborar e validar, por aparência e conteúdo, instrumento para avaliação do conhecimento de profissionais e estudantes de enfermagem sobre medidas de prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea associada a um cateter venoso periférico. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado em duas etapas: elaboração de instrumento, baseado em guias nacionais e internacionais, validação de aparência e conteúdo por dez juízes especialistas, considerando Índice de Validade de Conteúdo ≥ 0,80 sobre clareza, relevância e pertinência, bem como análise semântica junto ao público-alvo. Resultados: Após acatar sugestões dos especialistas, o instrumento final foi composto por 36 questões e 6 dimensões com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global >0,90. Conclusão: A disponibilização do instrumento responde a uma lacuna na área de conhecimento e pode ser utilizado para avaliação de conhecimentos de profissionais e estudantes de enfermagem sobre as medidas de prevenção das infecções de corrente sanguínea associadas a cateter venoso periférico.
Spiders in Brazil: from arachnidism to potential therapeutic use of their venom part 2 of 2
Authors: De Moraes Scopel Borges Julia , Carvalho de Andrade Ana Karolina , Alves Ferrareis Lis , Ferreira Trindade João Victor , Salvador Pereira Montenegro Stefânia , Soares de Souza Lima Rodrigues Bruna , Balbino Miguel Paulo Sérgio , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo
Published: April 2022

Arachnidism, spider envenomation, is an important public health issue in different parts of the world. Its clinical evolution depends on the genus involved. Symptoms and signs range from skin alterations to systemic manifestations. The success of treatment, consisting of serotherapy and other measures, depends on the patient’s immediate care. In addition to the potential injury to human hosts, spider venom has been investigated for the therapy of various diseases. Based on these considerations, this article, part 2 of 2, aims to present the main aspects of spider accidents, focusing on clinical findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment, as well as highlighting the potential of the venom of these arachnids.
KEY WORDS: spiders; spider bites; spider venom.