bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leucemias en menores de 15 años
Authors: Guevara Lissette Chan , Zorrilla Ramírez Camilo Ernesto , Rincón Escobar Erika Andrea , Velasco Paredes Margarita María
Published: July 2018

Las leucemias son neoplasias malignas del sistema hematopoyético, que involucran la transformación de células progenitoras. A nivel mundial corresponden a 30% de las neoplasias malignas en niños. La descripción de las características de las leucemias en menores de 15 años en Cali es escasa. Objetivo: Describir las características y los tiempos de atención de un grupo de pacientes menores de 15 años con leucemia en la ciudad de Cali entre agosto de 2009 a marzo de 2010. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, serie de casos que incluye 19 pacientes menores de 15 años hospitalizados en 3 IPS de la ciudad. Resultados: Del total de los pacientes, 57% (11) pertenecían al régimen contributivo, el promedio de edad fue 7 años (DE±4 años). La distribución por sexo fue similar. El tipo de leucemia que se observó en el 95% (18) fue LLA, en el 31% (6) el diagnóstico de LLA tenía reportada una clasificación específica de la línea celular. Los síntomas y signos más frecuentes fueron: fiebre 57% (11) y sangrado en 63% (12). Se encontró que la mediana de tiempo entre la primera consulta y el diagnóstico fue de 16 días (Rango: 1-60). Entre el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de 3 días (Rango: 0-11) y el tiempo de tratamiento fue de 12 meses (Rango: 3-48). Conclusión: Las características clínicas de los pacientes fueron similares a las descritas en otros estudios, sin embargo, tienen un promedio de edad mayor al reportado en la literatura y cuentan con un tiempo de diagnóstico más tardío lo que puede indicar un retardo en el diagnóstico oportuno de esta enfermedad.
Rituximab en glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria
Authors: Urrego Lozano Ntalia , Vacca Orrego Luisa Maria , Salcedo Libreros Luis Felipe , Pedraza García Nedier , Velasco Paredes Margarita Maria
Published: July 2018

Introducción: El síndrome nefrótico es un trastorno renal multifactorial. Es la manifestación clínica de las alteraciones bioquímicas producidas por una lesión glomerular que altera la permeabilidad de la pared capilar glomerular. El protocolo de tratamiento incluye manejo inmunosupresor con esteroides acompañado de manejo nutricional. Sin embargo, se han descrito casos de pacientes con pobre respuesta a esta terapia convencional y a inmunosupresores más potentes como ciclosporina y mofetil micofenolato, dejando como última opción el manejo con Rituximab. Objetivo: Describir la evolución clínica de un paciente escolar con diagnóstico de síndrome nefrótico de tipo glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria corticorresistente quien recibió tratamiento con Rituximab. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó la recolección de datos de la historia clínica del paciente, así como literatura sobre la enfermedad y se siguió en el tiempo con el fin de describir la evolución clínica después del Rituximab; todo lo anterior bajo consentimiento informado de los padres. Resultados: Se obtuvo remisión de la sintomatología del paciente tras la finalización de la administración del protocolo con Rituximab por 4 semanas, sin efectos adversos en su salud. Conclusión: Se demostra la utilidad de una terapia inmunosupresora con Rituximab, se describe la mejoría en el estado de salud a lo largo del tiempo post-implementación de la terapia.
Sulfato de magnesio neuroprotector de hemorragia intraventricular en recién nacidos de madres preeclámpticas severas y eclámpticas. Hospital Belén de Trujillo, Perú, 2011-2014
Authors: Lora Loza Miryam Griselda
Published: July 2018

Con el objetivo de determinar si la administración del sulfato de magnesio neuroproteje de hemorragia intraventricular a recién nacidos de madres con preeclampsia severa y eclampsia del Hospital Belén de Trujillo, Perú, se realizó una investigación descriptiva-correlacional de carácter retrospectiva entre los años 2011 y 2014. Se revisaron 457 historias clínicas: 338 de madres preeclámpticas severas y 19 eclámpticas. La tasa de incidencia anual de hemorragia intraventricular por 1000 recién nacidos de madres preeclámpticas severas fue 17,9 en el año 2011, 15,6 en el 2012, 0 en el 2013 y de 10 en el 2014. En recién nacidos de madres eclámpticas esta tasa fue de 0 en los años 2011, 2013, 2014 y de 500 en el 2012. La administración simple o combinada del sulfato de magnesio tienen relación directa (p<0,05) con la hemorragia intraventricular en recién nacidos de madres preeclámpticas severas. La no administración simple y la administración combinada del sulfato de magnesio en eclámpticas es una magnitud constante. El sulfato de magnesio de administración simple o combinada en preeclámpticas o eclámptica sí neuroproteje al recién nacido con hemorragia intraventricular.
Fenocopia de síndrome de Larsen asociado con el uso de misoprostol: Reporte de caso
Authors: Acosta Aragón María Amparo , Martínez Orozco Gloria Elizabeth , Ángel Ángel Gustavo Adolfo , Lasso Torres Annie Cristina
Published: July 2018

Introducción: El síndrome de Larsen (SL) es un trastorno caracterizado por la presencia de luxaciones congénitas múltiples de diversas articulaciones que incluyen rodillas, caderas y codos, además de la deformidad podálica marcada, pie equino varo y valgo, asociado con rasgos fenotípicos característicos como depresión del puente nasal, hipertelorismo y frente prominente. Fue descrito inicialmente 1950 por Larsen et al. Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido con esta rara y distintiva displasia esquelética conjunta, se describen adicionalmente hallazgos clínicos y revisión de la literatura médica disponible.Caso clínico: Recién nacido, hijo de madre de 17 años con antecedente de uso de misoprostol en dosis de 2200 mµg vía vaginal y 800 mµg vía oral durante las semanas 4 y 16 de gestación; interconsulta al servicio de genética clínica por presentar múltiples luxaciones articulares bastante llamativas sobre todo la presencia de flexión de caderas e hiperextensión de rodillas que le otorgaban una posición bastante peculiar. Después de un estudio clínico y paraclínico se llegó al diagnóstico de síndrome de Larsen. Conclusiones: El abordaje inicial del paciente con síndrome de Larsen es complejo, el reconocimiento puede ser limitado y merece un enfoque multidisciplinario que mejora la evaluación clínica y el tratamiento rehabilitador de los pacientes, lo que a su vez mejora el pronóstico.
Efectos cardiovasculares en universitarios tras administrar una bebida energética con y sin guaraná
Authors: Londoño Montes Juliana , Ocampo Palacio Alejandro , Rivera Echeverry Clara Ines , Martínez Betancur Sofia , Orozco Restrepo Luz Angélica
Published: July 2018

Introducción: Se ha presentado un aumento indiscriminado en el consumo de bebidas energéticas, afectando a la población universitaria. Se encuentra poca literatura que compare diferentes bebidas energéticas según sus compuestos y las consecuencias que generan a nivel cardiovascular.Objetivo: Comparar los efectos sobre el ritmo cardíaco, frecuencia cardíaca y presión arterial después de la administración de una bebida energética con guaraná respecto a una sin guaraná, en estudiantes mayores de 18 años que se encuentran matriculados en la facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de la Américas sede Pereira en el año 2016.Método: Se realizó un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo. Se llevó a cabo un diseño experimental, se obtuvo una muestra de 55 estudiantes, mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por bola de nieve, se tomaron los signos vitales y electrocardiograma antes y después de la administración de la bebida energética, el análisis de los datos fue realizado mediante el programa Excel.Resultados: Se encontró que los valores de frecuencia cardíaca disminuyeron tras la administración de bebida energética con y sin guaraná 64% y 65%, al igual que la presión arterial 16% y 13% respectivamente. En cuanto al ECG se evidenció que el 100% estaban entre los límites de normalidad establecidos.Conclusión: Los cambios de la frecuencia cardíaca y presión arterial tras administrar las bebidas energéticas con y sin guaraná presentaron un comportamiento hacia la disminución y la normalidad, los electrocardiogramas no presentaron cambios significativos.
Factores asociados y descripción general de infección del tracto urinario en niños
Authors: Mueses Guerrero Yolanda , Paz Montañez John Jamer , Restrepo Restrepo Jaime Manuel , Ortiz Martínez Roberth Alirio , Acosta Aragón Maria Amparo
Published: July 2018

La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) es una patología frecuente en la infancia, reconocida como precipitante de enfermedades agudas y crónicas con un gran índice de morbilidad. Es importante el diagnóstico apropiado para minimizar la instauración de cicatrices renales, falla renal e hipertensión arterial en la edad adulta. Las indicaciones de profilaxis han cambiado en los últimos años. Objetivo: Dar a conocer los conocimientos actuales en patogénesis diagnóstico y manejo posterior en ITU. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica entre los años 1995 al 2016, en las bases de datos de Scielo, Elsevier, Pubmed, Redalyc, ScienceDirect, Medwave, Nature Reviews, EBSCO, Naxos, Bases de datos que ofrece la Universidad del Cauca. Se utilizó los términos MeSH y DeSC -“Urinary Tract Infectión, Risk factor, children, diagnostic, treatment”, en inglés y español con un total de 276 documentos. Posteriormente fueron evaluados con los respectivos instrumentos de lectura crítica de artículos así: Consort para ensayos clínicos, Strobe, para estudios observacionales, Prisma para meta-análisis y Agree para guía de práctica clínica, filtrando un total de 58 documentos. Para la gestión de la información se utilizó el programa Mendeley de libre acceso. Resultados: Los conocimientos en ITU en pediatría han avanzado más hacia la prevención de cicatrices y prevención de enfermedades en la etapa adulta. Las indicaciones de profilaxis han cambiado y son más escuetas. Conclusiones: La ITU es frecuente en pediatría. Han cambiado los manejos, por ahora se necesitan más estudios en nuestra población.
Anomalías congénitas de los riñones y de las vías urinarias, una revisión de la literatura*
Authors: Ordoñez Bastidas Manuel Santiago , Molina Urbina Nadia Ximena , Ortiz Roberth Alirio , Restrepo Jaime Manuel , Acosta Aragón Maria Amparo
Published: July 2018

Proporcionar a los profesionales de la salud, conocimientos básicos en la detección, abordaje y seguimiento de las anomalías congénitas del riñón y de la vía urinaria. Materiales y métodos: Revisión no sistemática de la literatura, se accedió a las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, Science Direct, Tripdatabase, Cochrane Library, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y revistas de nefrología pediá- trica. Se incluyeron publicaciones de los últimos 25 años. Se utilizaron los términos MeSH “Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract, Hydronephrosis, risk factors, prenatal diagnosis, congenital abnormalities”. Resultados: Se han identificado dos importantes factores de riesgo para desarrollar estas patologías, el primero la Diabetes pregestacional, es decir“, aquella diabetes conocida previamente a la gestación, bien diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) o intolerancia a los carbohidratos”, en segundo lugar el bajo o tardío consumo de micronutrientes de la gestación. Conclusiones: La diabetes mellitus pregestacional y el bajo consumo de micronutrientes antes o durante la gestación, se ven relacionado con el desarrollo de las  anomalías renales y de la vía urinaria en el feto, aunque no las explican en la mayoría de casos.
TÜKETİCİ YENİLİKÇİLİĞİ İLE FONKSİYONEL GIDALARA YÖNELİK TUTUM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KARATAŞ YÜCEL Ezgi , ÖZKAN Pinar , YÜCEL Engin
Published: July 2018

Sağlık
sorunlarında artış, gıda ürünlerinin içeriğine olan güvenin azalması,
tüketicilerin sağlıklı yaşama, bakımlı görünme gibi isteklerinin artışı,
fonksiyonel ürünlere karşı ilgiyi artırmaktadır. Bu ürünlerin pazar payı gün
geçtikçe artarak pazarlama açısından da incelenmesi gereken bir alan haline
gelmektedir. Yeni bir ürün grubu olan fonksiyonel ürünler ile “yeni ürünü diğer
tüketicilerden önce satın alma ya da daha çok kullanma eğilimi” olarak ifade
edilen tüketici yenilikçiliği arasında bir ilişki olabileceği görüşünden yola
çıkan bu çalışmada söz konusu ilişki irdelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda birçok
çalışmada ortaya konan yaş ile yenilikçilik arasındaki ilişkiden yola çıkılarak
üniversite öğrencileri anakütle olarak belirlenmiştir. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemi
kullanılarak 319 anket elde edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler aracılığıyla
tüketicilerin lezzet, güven ve bilgi tutumları ile yenilikçilikleri arasında
bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Aynı zamanda tüketicilerin fonksiyonel
gıdalara yönelik tutumlarının gelir, bilgi sahibi olma ve daha önce fonksiyonel
gıda kullanma durumuna göre farklılık gösterdiği görülmektedir. Çalışma,
fonksiyonel gıda ürünleri üreten işletmelere ve bu alanda çalışan
araştırmacılara yol gösterici olması açısından önem taşımaktadır.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kültürlerarası Duyarlılık Düzeyi: Selçuk Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: ÖĞÜT Nesrin , OLKUN Emre Osman
Published: July 2018

Küreselleşme ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki ilerlemeler, kültürlerarası
kişiler ve etkileşimler için fırsatları artırmıştır. Yaşanan bu gelişmeler
sonucunda insanların
yaşamını rahat ve problemsiz bir şekilde devam ettirebilmesi için güçlü bir
şekilde kültürlerarası duyarlılık yeteneğine sahip olması gerektiği ileri
sürülebilir. Dolayısıyla,
kültürlerarası
duyarlılık
düzeyini irdelemeye yönelik çalışmalar hem akademik hem de toplumsal açıdan önemli bir kaynak niteliği taşımaktadır.
Bu çalışma kapsamında da Chen ve Starosta’nın (2000) geliştirdiği
Kültürlerarası Duyarlılık Ölçeği kullanılarak, kültürlerarası duyarlılık düzeyi
Selçuk Üniversitesinde eğitim gören Türk ve yabancı öğrenciler örneğinde incelenmiştir.
Ayrıca, belli değişkenler doğrultusunda kültürlerarası duyarlılık düzeylerinin
farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı da analiz edilmiştir. Yöntem olarak saha
araştırmasının kullanıldığı çalışmada, 436 katılımcıya yüz yüze anket
uygulanmıştır. Faktör analizi
sonuçlarına göre; Chen ve Starosta’nın ölçeğindeki 5 faktörün tümüyle yinelenmediği ve 3 faktör
grubunun ortaya çıktığı saptanmıştır. Diğer taraftan; cinsiyete ve vatandaşlık
durumuna, farklı ülkelerin kitle iletişim araçlarını takip etme sıklığı,
farklı ülkelere mensup arkadaşa sahip olma durumuna ve yabancı dil bilme düzeyine göre kültürlerarası duyarlılık düzeylerinin
anlamlı bir biçimde farklılaştığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
Fallopian Tube Recanalization (F.T.R): application of Interventional Radiology (I.R) post hysterosalpingography in management of female infertility at rural hospital
Authors: Mohan Abhinav Amarnath , Sharma Gaurav O. , Banode Pankaj J.
Published: July 2018

Background: Infertility is defined as inability to conceive even after 1 year of unprotected intercourse. Tubal blockage is one of the common causes of primary as well as secondary infertility in females. Fallopian tube recanalization (FTR) an interventional radiological procedure is one of the most promising, effective, minimally invasive and cost-effective technique in patients having infertility owing to tubal blockage. The aim is to study the cause, hysterosalpingography findings, and outcome of fallopian tube recanalization by interventional radiological procedure in patients with tubal-blockage presenting with infertility.Methods: This was a prospective observational study of women with primary or secondary infertility presenting to interventional radiology department. The patients either had already undergone hysterosalpingography (HSG) or came for HSG. Fallopian tube recanalization was done as per institutional protocol. Hysterosalpingography abnormalities, outcome and complications of fallopian tube recanalization procedure were studied.Results: In this study of 87 patients unilateral or bilateral tubal blockages were seen in 16 and 24 patients respectively. Majority of the patients had Segment I proximal block. Bilateral recanalization could be successfully done in 12 patients (24 tubes) with bilateral Proximal Tubal Blockage (PTO). Unilateral recanalization was possible in 12 patients (tubes) with unilateral proximal block and 8 tubes with bilateral proximal tubal block. 10 tubes with PTO could not be recanalized. 5 cases diagnosed with bilateral Distal Tubal Block (DTO), recanalization was not attempted and were referred for appropriate gynecological management. Minor complications were noted in 8 patients while no major procedure related complications were observed.Conclusions: Fallopian tube recanalization (by interventional radiology procedure) in patients with fallopian tube blockage diagnosed on HSG is found to be cost effective, minimally invasive and have low complication rate. It is associated with excellent outcome in terms of technical success and improved conception rate.
Prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional por curva de tolerancia a la glucosa en semanas 24 a 28. Cohorte prospectiva en Armenia Colombia, 2015-2016
Authors: Ruiz-Hoyos Bayron Manuel , Londoño-Franco Ángela Liliana , Ramírez-Aristizábal Rosa Amparo
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: determinar, por curva de tolerancia a la glucosa (CTG), la prevalencia de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) que se inicia en el segundo o tercer trimestre del embarazo, y explorar la relación con resultados del embarazo en gestantes de Armenia.Materiales y métodos: estudio prospectivo en cohorte de gestantes que consultaron a un centro de atención de primer nivel en Armenia, para control prenatal antes de la semana 14 y firmaron el consentimiento informado. Se excluyeron gestantes con hipertensión o diabetes previa al embarazo, o condiciones que pudieran alterar la HbA1c. Se midieron glicemia y HbA1c al ingreso, y curva de tolerancia a la glucosa (CTG) con 75 g semanas 24-28, y resultados perinatales y maternos al parto. Se hace análisis descriptivo y se presenta la prevalencia de DMG.Resultados: de un total de 372 gestantes candidatas a ingresar al estudio se detectaron dos casos (0,5 %) de diabetes mellitus previa al embarazo. De las 370 que cumplieron los criterios de selección, un total de 43 (11,6 %) presentaron aborto, otras 36 (9,7 %) se retiraron antes de la semana 24; de las 291 restantes, 35 (12 %) no se realizaron la CTG, por lo que se tomó la CTG en 256 gestantes, de las cuales se encontró CTG anormal en 12 casos, para una incidencia de DMG de 4,7 % (12/256).Conclusiones: la prevalencia de DMG fue del 4,7 % en la población estudiada, podría haber subestimación de la frecuencia por pérdidas antes de la semana 24. No se encontraron resultados perinatales adversos en este grupo de gestantes.
Application of DNA markers in determination of fusarium resistance and genetic diversity in chickpea
Authors: Babayeva S. M. , Nasibova J. A. , Akparov Z. I. , Shikhaliyeva K. B. , Mammadova A. D. , Izzatullayeva V. I. , Abbasov M. A.
Published: July 2018

Genetic diversity and fusarium resistance of 50 cultivated chickpea genotypes was studied using ISSR and RAPD markers. The results of both marker systems were consistent with each other, but was somewhat higher for RAPDs. A total of 48 fragments were obtained with both markers together, 32.7% of which were polymorphic. Molecular characterisation through ISSR and RAPD data indicated low genetic variation (GDI=0.39; PIC=0.21) among local and introduced chickpea accessions. The genetic distance values ranged from 0 to 0.134, with a mean of 0.05. The low genetic diversity indicated that new genotypes must be introduced to increase the variability of chickpea germplasm in Azerbaijan. As a result of screening for resistance to fusarium most of genotypes were found to have 600 bp fragment of OPJ20 linked with Foc01 resistance gene, while none of them had resistance gene to Foc4. The results could provide information for future chickpea breeding activities and conservation.
Lutte Contre Le Tabagisme Et Les Maladies Non Transmissibles En Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Joël-Henri Gilles Aloko-N’guessan Kouadio
Published: July 2018

WHO is in charge of the fight against smoking and its consequences in the world. This institution makes recommendations to its member states in order to help them contain the scourge of smoking. The present study therefore evaluates the level of integration of these various recommendations of the WHO in the context of the fight against smoking in Côte d’Ivoire. It starts from the observation that the fight against smoking in Ivory Coast has produced for several years mixed results. From a methodological point of view, the approach adopted in this study is essentially qualitative. It consisted of conducting semi-structured interviews, a quantitative thematic content analysis and a bibliographic synthesis. Through this approach, we have achieved results that highlight the inadequacy of the legal framework and tobacco control tools in Côte d’Ivoire and the weakness of financial resources allocated to the fight against smoking in this country.
Análise da Social Netchain em cadeias do agronegócio: aplicação em uma cadeia brasileira de pescado
Authors: Kremer Andréia Maria , Talamini Edson
Published: July 2018

Este estudo buscou analisar a configuração da Social Netchain da cadeia do pescado do município de Mundo Novo, MS, através da metodologia de análise de redes sociais. Os resultados sugerem que a Social Netchain possui baixos índices de coesão e fragilidade quanto à saída de atores centrais, podendo nesses casos ocasionar o rompimento da rede. Além disso, é possível relacionar os índices de confiança entre os agentes com a posição que ocupa na rede.
Implicações econômicas da taxação de exportações sobre agronegócio no Centro-Oeste brasileiro
Authors: Pinto Heverton Eustáquio , Teixeira Sônia Milagres , Ferreira Marcelo Dias Paes
Published: July 2018

Em momentos de déficit orçamentário, os governos propõem aumentos de impostos para os setores mais dinâmicos. Essa foi uma política discutida para os estados do Centro-Oeste brasileiro diante da recente crise, em que foi proposto o aumento da taxação das exportações de grãos, oleaginosas e alimentos. Por meio de um modelo econômico de equilíbrio geral computável, foi verificado que tais políticas teriam um impacto negativo e, de forma concentrada, na região Centro-Oeste com perda de bem-estar, fluxo comercial e retração do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) da região. Os maiores impactos seriam verificados na produção de grãos e no setor de alimentos processados.
Amazônia no Antropoceno: o manejo como relação entre humanos e fauna silvestre
Authors: Mateus Wagner de Deus , Baldoino Mariana , Zacarias Elisa Ferrari Justulin , Higuchi Maria Inês Gasparetto
Published: July 2018

O trabalho foi realizado para discutir a conservação e manejo da fauna silvestre amazônica a partir da relação entre humano e não humano como respostas a defaunação na época do Antropoceno. Na Amazônia, essas práticas transformam o modo como as populações humanas se relacionam com as espécies pirarucu, quelônios e jacarés.
O Caminho das Tropas Desterro-Lages e o legado patrimonial: potencialidades para o desenvolvimento do seu turismo cultural
Authors: Bauer Jonei , Sohn Ana Paula Lisboa
Published: July 2018

Diante da importância do patrimônio cultural como fator para se pensar o planejamento de um destino turístico, o objetivo deste artigo é levantar potencialidades de atrativos turísticos da primeira rota mercantilista entre as cidades catarinenses de Florianópolis e Lages. Para o alcance do objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e analítica. Fez-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental para o levantamento de informações específicas sobre o território, observando vestígios históricos e patrimônios culturais. A partir desta pesquisa, são identificadas potencialidades para o planejamento e desenvolvimento do turismo na região.
Environment as a Complex System: the Malaria Decrease in the Legal Amazonia (LA) Case
Authors: Kamimura Arlindo , Burani Geraldo , Sauer Ildo
Published: July 2018

In Brazil, malaria is an endemic disease present mainly in the Legal Amazon (LA), which accounts for more than 99% of the country´s cases. In 2000 the number of new cases of malaria in LA was 613.3 thousand, decreasing to 265.4 thousand cases in 2011, thus dropping by 56.7%. The malaria system behavior depends on many interrelated variables and environmental factors, constituting itself in a complex, non-linear dynamical living system, whose resulting dynamics have as main characteristics the unpredictability and the extreme sensitivity to the initial conditions. This paper is an investigation of a possible additional cause for the huge decrease in cases of malaria in the states of LA, in addition to the already recognized governmental effort to malaria disease control. The hypothesis adopted is that all domestic animals (exception fowls) compete with the man in the position of hosts feeding of the mosquito Anopheles, vector-borne of the disease.
Aspectos das políticas indigenistas no Brasil
Authors: Almeida Antonio Cavalcante
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo investigou alguns documentos jurídicos do período colonial, do sistema imperial até o sistema republicano como: Cartas Régias, Decretos, Alvarás, Constituições e as principais declarações e convenções dos organismos internacionais de defesa dos direitos humanos. O objetivo é analisar como os povos indígenas foram tratados pelas legislações vigentes durante o processo de construção da sociedade e do Estado brasileiro. Assim, a pesquisa evidenciou que os povos indígenas conquistaram dispositivos constitucionais importantes a seu favor, principalmente nas últimas décadas do século XX.
Family Development Index (IDF) in the municipality of Viçosa, evolution between 1980 and 2010
Authors: Olher Bruno Silva , Barreto Maria de Lourdes Mattos , Braga Gustavo Bastos , Loreto Maria das Dores Saraiva de
Published: July 2018

This study analyzed the situation of families in the city of Viçosa in 1980, 1991, 2000 and 2010 from a multi-dimensional perspective based on methodology adapted from that of Barros, Carvalho and Franco (2003), which was based on micro-data from the demographic census. Through the enormous amount of information contained in the database, it was possible to undertake a broad analysis enabling the household’s living conditions to be evaluated.
Impacts of Material Engineering Properties on Slope Wash and Stability in Fine-Grained Bedrock Slopes at Fossil-Bearing Sites, Badlands National Park, South Dakota, USA
Authors: Stetler Larry D.
Published: July 2018

Engineering properties of bedrock materials at Badlands National Park were used to develop models for Park managers to assess slope erosion and stability for fossil resource protection. Six fully instrumented sites were used to document slope conditions. Bedrock consisted of Oligocene White River Group rocks. Bulk erosion rates correlated to grain size with silty-sandy materials producing higher mass erosion rates as a function of the silt-to-clay ratio and plastic index. Data indicated that as grain size decreased, plastic index increased leading to a decrease in erodibility. These parameters were used to construct a grain-size proxy, ψ, that was substituted for grain size, D, in Bagnold’s entrainment equation and provided significant improvement in calculation of critical entrainment velocities for fine-grained materials. Hydraulic analyses of slope and pediment surface processes indicated surface roughness was a controlling factor and materials washed from rough steep slopes were effectively transported across smooth low-angle pediments with slope-to-pediment angle ratios of nearly 6:1. Slope stability modeling of ten slopes produced high factors of safety for all slopes, even under saturated conditions and was attributable to clay cohesion. All results were used to construct models that predicted years until net slope erosion equaled 2.5 cm (1 inch). Using these results, Park managers were advised to visit erosion-prone sites on a 1 to 6 year schedule, based on site geology and slope aspect, to adequately protect critical fossil resources from destruction.
Clogging Impacts on Distribution Pipe Delivery of Street Runoff to an Infiltration Bed
Authors: Tu Min-Cheng , Traver Robert
Published: July 2018

Performance of flow through orifices on a perforated distribution pipe between periods with and without partial clogging (submersion of part of the distribution pipe) was compared. The distribution pipe directly receives runoff and delivers it to an underground infiltration bed. Partial clogging appeared in winter but reduced in summer. Performance was defined as flow rate divided by l_eff (h_(d,mean)^0.5) where h_(d,mean) is the mean pressure head that drives flow and l_eff is the effective pipe length (length of water column with pipe water volume and the pipe cross-sectional area). ANCOVA (ANalysis of COVAriance) was adopted to examine the clogging effects with flow rate plotted against l_eff (h_(d,mean)^0.5) . Partial clogging had a significant effect on pipe performance during periods of low or no rainfall. However, if only data during larger storms was considered, little evidence showed that partial clogging had effects on pipe delivery performance. Partial clogging might be caused by leaves accumulated in the lower section of the pipe in winter, and its effect was insignificant when water level rose in the pipe, utilizing significantly more orifices on the distribution pipe, thus the effect from the clogged portion had negligible impact on system performance. Larger storms might also provide the required flow rate to move the debris block thus exposing the orifices. Partial clogging did not increase the tendency of overflow; therefore, current maintenance schedule was sufficient to keep the distribution pipe at satisfactory performance even though partial clogging can exist.
Structural Analysis of Variability and Interaction of the N-Terminal of the Oncogenic Effector CagA of Helicobacter pylori with Phosphatidylserine
Authors: Ulloa Guerrero Cindy P. , Delgado Maria del Pilar , Jaramillo Carlos A.
Published: July 2018

Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A protein (CagA) has been associated with the increase in virulence and risk of cancer. It has been demonstrated that CagA's translocation is dependent on its interaction with phosphatidylserine. We evaluated the variability of the N-terminal CagA in 127 sequences reported in NCBI, by referring to molecular interaction forces with the Phosphatidylserine and the docking of 3 mutations chosen from variations in specific positions. The major sites of conservation of the residues involved in CagA-Phosphatidylserine interaction were 617, 621 and 626 which had no amino acid variation. Position 636 had the lowest conservation score, so mutations in this position were evaluated to observe the differences in intermolecular forces of the CagA-Phosphatidylserine complex. We evaluated the docking of 3 mutations: K636A, K636R and K636N. The models of the crystal and mutations presented a ΔG of −8.919907, −8.665261, −8.701923, −8.515097 Kcal/mol, respectively, while mutations K636A, K636R, K636N and the crystal structure presented 0, 3, 4 and 1 H-bonds, respectively. Likewise, the bulk effect of the ΔG and amount of H-bonds was estimated in all of the docking models. The type of mutation affected both the ΔG (χ2(1) = 93.82, p-value < 2.2 × 10−16) and the H-bonds (χ2(1) = 91.93, p-value < 2.2 × 10−16). In all the data, 76.9% of the strains that exhibit the K636N mutation produced a severe pathology. The average H-bond count diminished when comparing the mutations with the crystal structure of all the docking models, which means that other molecular forces are involved in the CagA-Phosphatidylserine complex interaction.
Estimating the Size of Dog Populations in Tanzania to Inform Rabies Control
Authors: Sambo Maganga , Hampson Katie , Changalucha Joel , Cleaveland Sarah , Lembo Tiziana , Lushasi Kennedy , Mbunda Eberhard , Mtema Zacharia , Sikana Lwitiko , Johnson Paul
Published: July 2018

Estimates of dog population sizes are a prerequisite for delivering effective canine rabies control. However, dog population sizes are generally unknown in most rabies-endemic areas. Several approaches have been used to estimate dog populations but without rigorous evaluation. We compare post-vaccination transects, household surveys and school-based surveys to determine which most precisely estimates dog population sizes. These methods were implemented across 28 districts in southeast Tanzania, in conjunction with mass dog vaccinations, covering a range of settings, livelihoods and religious backgrounds. Transects were the most precise method, revealing highly variable patterns of dog ownership, with human: dog ratios ranging from 12.4:1 to 181.3:1 across districts. Both household and school-based surveys generated imprecise and sometimes inaccurate estimates, possible due to low sample size. Transect data were subsequently used to develop a predictive model for estimating dog populations in districts lacking transect data. We predicted a dog population of 2,316,000 (95% CI 1,573,000-3,122,000) in Tanzania and an average human: dog ratio of 20.7:1. Our modelling approach has the potential be applied to predicting dog population size in other districts where mass dog vaccination is carried out, given census and livelihood data. We recommend transects as a rapid and effective method to refine dog population estimates across large geographic areas and guide dog vaccination programs.
Performance Evaluation of the Physical and Combustion Properties of Briquettes Produced from Agro-Wastes and Wood Residues
Authors: Falemara Babajide Charles , Joshua Victoria Ibukun , Aina Oluwaseyi Oluwafunmi , Nuhu Rivi David
Published: July 2018

This study investigated the physical and combustion properties of briquettes produced from agricultural wastes (groundnut shells and corn cobs), wood residues (Anogeissus leiocarpus) and admixtures of the particles at 15%, 20% and 25% starch levels (binder). A 6 x 3 factorial experiments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was adopted for the study. The briquettes produced were analyzed for density, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon and specific heat of combustion. The result revealed that the density ranged from 0.44g/cm3 to 0.53g/cm3, while briquettes produced from groundnut shells had the highest (0.53g/cm3) significant mean density. Mean volatile matter and ash content of the briquettes ranged from 24.35% to 34.95% and 3.37% to 4.91%. A. leiocarpus and corn cobs particles had the lowest and highest ash content respectively. The briquette fixed carbon and specific heat of combustion ranged from 61.68% to 68.97% and 7362kca/kg to 8222kca/kg respectively. Briquette produced from A. leiocarpus particles had the highest specific heat of combustion. In general, briquettes produced from A. leiocarpus particles and admixture of groundnut shell and A. leiocarpus particles at 25% starch level had better quality in terms of density and combustion properties and thus suitable as environmentally friendly alternative energy source.
Smart Libraries
Authors: Schöpfel Joachim
Published: July 2018

Can the smart city provide a new perspective for public and academic libraries? How does the smart city impact the libraries as cultural and scientific assets? And how can libraries contribute to the development of the smart city? An overview of recent library models, like the learning center or the green library, reveals affinities with the concept of the smart city, especially regarding the central role of information and the integration of technology, people and institution. From this observation, the paper develops the outline of a new concept of the smart library which can be described on four dimensions, i.e. smart services, smart people, smart place and smart governance. However, the smart library concept does not constitute a unique model or project but a process, a way how to get things done, less linear, less structured, more creative and innovative. Also, smartness may not be a solution for all library problems.
Implementation of Regional-CNN and SSD Machine Learning Object Detection Architectures for the Real Time Analysis of Blood Borne Pathogens in Dark Field Microscopy
Authors: Fleury Daniel , Fleury Angelica
Published: July 2018

The emerging use of visualization techniques in pathology and microbiol- ogy  has  been  accelerated  by  machine  learning  (ML)  approaches  towards image preprocessing, classification, and feature extraction in an increasingly complex series of datasets. Modern Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures have developed into an umbrella of vast image reinforcement and recognition methods, including a combined classification-localization of single/multi-object featured images. As a subtype neural network, CNN cre- ates a rapid order of complexity by initially detecting borderlines, edges, and colours in images for  dataset  construction,  eventually capable in mapping intricate  objects  and  conformities.  This  paper  investigates  the  disparities between Tensorflow object detection APIs, exclusively, Single Shot Detector (SSD) Mobilenet V1 and the Faster RCNN Inception V2 model, to sample computational  drawbacks in accuracy-precision vs. real  time visualization capabilities. The situation of rapid ML medical image analysis is theoretically framed in regions with limited access to pathology and disease prevention departments  (e.g.  3rd  world  and  impoverished  countries).  Dark  field  mi- croscopy datasets of an initial 62  XML-JPG annotated training  files were processed under Malaria and Syphilis classes. Model trainings were halted as soon as loss values were regularized and converged.
Comprehensive snake venomics of the Okinawa Habu pit viper, Protobothrops flavoviridis, by complementary mass spectrometry-guided approaches
Authors: Damm Maik , Hempel Benjamin-Florian , Nalbantsoy Ayse , Süssmuth Roderich D.
Published: July 2018

The Asian world is home to a multitude of venomous and dangerous snakes, which are attributed to various medical effects used in the preparation of traditional snake tinctures and alcoholics, like the Japanese snake wine, named Habushu. The aim of this work was to perform the first quantitative proteomic analysis of the Protobothrops flavoviridis pit viper venom. Accordingly, the venom was analyzed by complimentary bottom-up and top-down mass spectrometry techniques. The mass spectrometry-based snake venomics approach revealed that more than half of the venom is composed of different phospholipases A2 (PLA2). The combination with an intact mass profiling led to the identification of the three main Habu PLA2s. Furthermore, nearly one-third of the total venom consists of snake venom metalloproteinases and disintegrins, and several minor represented toxins families were detected: CTL, CRISP, svSP, LAAO, PDE and 5’-nucleotidase. Finally, the venom of P. flavoviridis contains certain bradykinin-potentiating peptides and related peptides, like the svMP inhibitors pEKW, pEQW, pEEW and pENW. In preliminary MTT cytotoxicity assays the highest cancerous-cytotoxicity of the crude venom was measured against human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and shows in some fractions disintegrin-like effects.
Obesidad e hipertensión en el embarazo
Authors: Suárez Arana María , González-Mesa Ernesto
Published: July 2018

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KOMPETENSI TENAGA PENDIDIK PENDIDIKAN NONFORMAL DALAM MEMBANGUN KEMANDIRIAN WARGA BELAJAR
Authors: Kamil Mustafa
Published: July 2018

Non-formal education quality will be reached if it is developed by professional and competent nonformal education personnel. Two factors needed by non-formal education personnel in strengthening their professionalism and competencies are the skills and abilities in developing and improving learnersâ€™ autonomy. This article discusses (1) the definitions of non-formal learnersâ€™ autonomy, (2 ) the roles and tasks of non-formal education personel in performing non-formal learnersâ€™ autonomy, and (3) a set of competencies and skill of non-formal education personnel in performing non-formal learnersâ€™ autonomy. In conclusion some suggestions to improve the quality of non-formal education personnel presented.
PEMBERDAYAAN PERAN IBU DALAM PAUD INFORMAL BERBASIS KELUARGA MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN AKTIVITAS IBU DAN ANAK DI RUMAH DENGAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN
Authors: Suryani Lilis
Published: July 2018

Informal early child education has not been well developed and there are many mothers who do not understand how to educate a child properly, suitable for the child development and characteristics. Educating the child in the family is rarely done by mother and it becomes more difficult when it has to face motherâ€™s domestic daily routine activities which consume a lot of time. This article puts forward a number of reasons why early child education is neglected in the family and purposes how a mother should educate a child properly.
PERAN PTK-PNF DALAM MENGHADAPI KERAGAMAN SOSIAL BUDAYA
Authors: Waspodo Muktiono
Published: July 2018

Indonesia has variety of social and cultural backgrounds which become the strength of the nation. This pluralism should be acknowledged and developed harmoniously. This article discusses how non-formal education should play its role in transforming the pluralism value to the Indonesian people, specifically how to conduct learning process based on the social and cultural pluralism.
PENGEMBANGAN PARADIGMA BARU KEILMUAN DAN KELEMBAGAAN PENDIDIKAN NON FORMAL
Authors: Kuntoro Sodiq A.
Published: July 2018

According to the education law of Republic of Indonesia in 2003, non-formal education is implemented to facilitate the citizen to get education and it functions as substitution, supplement, and complement to formal education. The role of non-formal education is to contribute the implementation of lifelong education as a new approach to education. This new approach is different from the education under present systems that involve the attempt to integrate the different parts of education with the concern for the development of person in intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational aspects. The present non-formal education activities need to expand their activities to create opportunity of education wider and to cover incidental learning as a part of learning activities in society.
Efektifitas Pemanfaatan Kemampuan Guru Ekonomi Kota Surabaya dalam Menulis Proposal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas
Authors: Soesatyo Yoyok , Soejoto Ady , Suratman Bambang , Subroto Waspodo Tjipto , Harti Harti , Hakim Luqman
Published: July 2018

Training Objectives in Community Service is to (1) provide teachers understanding about TOD; (2) provide mentoring of Classroom Action Research proposal formulation; (3) provide teacher assistance on study of Classroom Action Research proposal made by teacher. Subject in this Community Service is SMP teacher who are incorporated in the Economic Teacher in Surabaya. The object of this Community Service is training preparation of Classroom Action Research proposal. Community Service implementation method is broadly divided into 2 activities, namely training of Classroom Action Research proposal preparation with varied lecture method and Practice preparation of Classroom Action Research proposal with simulation and presentation method. The results obtained in Community Service are quite effective (1) participants have enthusiasm in listening to material explanation as much as 92%; (2) Participants who attended Classroom Action Research Proposal Writing Training from start to end of training as much as 98%; (3) Participants who are able to Practice Classroom Action Research Proposal Writing in accordance with the available time of 85%; (4) Participants who have interest in doing Classroom Action Research when in school as much as 100%.

Keywords:Classroom Action Research, Training.
Climate change due to heat and drought stress can alter the physiology of Maratheftiko local Cyprian grapevine variety
Authors: Chrysargyris Antonios , Xylia Panayiota , Antoniou Omiros , Tzortzakis Nikos
Published: July 2018

The effect of climate change (CC) on viticulture in Europe is of great concern and several international and indigenous grapevine cultivars have been examined for their adaptation to CC. In this study we focused on the short-term effects of light and moderate drought stress (DS) as well as heat stress (HS) on physiological and biochemical stress markers in Maratheftiko cultivar. We showed that leaf photosynthetic rate was decreased with DS and HS after 8 and 20 days. The leaf stomatal conductance was decreased in the case of DS after 8 days, while no differences could be found due to HS. Total phenols and flavonoids content and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS) were increased and seemed to be dependent on the relevant DS, HS and the period of stress exposure. Chlorophyll fluorescence was decreased in 50% volumetric water content (VWC) after 8 days of DS compared with the 100% VWC (control treatment). Leaf K and P content increased in moderate (50% VWC) irrigation stress and HS. Leaf hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation increased after 8 days of DS, and this resulted in the increase of antioxidant enzymes activity. Overall, Maratheftiko performance against environmental stresses is related more to short-term DS than HS.
Tacrine-coumarin and Tacrine-7-chloroquinoline Hybrids with Thiourea Linkers: Cholinesterase Inhibition Properties, Kinetic Study, Molecular Docking and Permeability Assay for Blood-brain Barrier
Authors: Hamulakova Slavka , Janovec Ladislav , Soukup Ondrej , Jun Daniel , Janockova Jana , Hrabinova Martina , Sepsova Vendula , Kuca Kamil
Published: July 2018

Background:

The design of new heterodimeric dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
constitutes the main goal-directed to the development of new anticholinesterase agents with the
expanded pharmacological profile. Multi-target compounds are usually designed by combining in a
hybrid molecule with two or more pharmacophoric moieties that are known to enable interaction with
the selected molecular targets.

Methods:

All compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity on human AChE/BChE. The Ellman´s
method was used to determine inhibition kinetics and IC50 values. In order to predict passive bloodbrain
penetration of novel compounds, modification of the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay
has been used. Docking studies were performed in order to predict the binding modes of new hybrids
with hAChE/ hBChE respectively.

Results:

In this study, we described the design, synthesis, and evaluation of series tacrine-coumarin and
tacrine-quinoline compounds which were found to show potential inhibition of ChEs and penetration of
the blood-brain barrier.

Conclusion:

Tacrine-quinoline hybrids 7a exhibited the highest activity towards hBChE (IC50 = 0.97
µmol) and 7d towards hAChE (IC50 = 0.32 µmol). Kinetic and molecular modelling studies revealed
that 7d was a mixed-type AChE inhibitor (Ki = 1.69 µmol) and 7a was a mixed-type BChE inhibitor (Ki
= 1.09 µmol). Moreover, hybrid 5d and 7c could penetrate the CNS.