bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YOLO-EMS: A Lightweight Object Detection Algorithm for Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Sun Yong , Wang Jianzhong , You Yu , Zhang Sheng , Yu Zibo , Peng Yiguo , Bian Shaobo , Wang Endi
Published: March 2024

Remote sensing images generally have characteristics such as changes in target direction, multi-scale target size, and dense target distribution, which make target detection in remote sensing images a challenging task. In addition, owing to the limited computing resources of detection platforms, such as drones, it is difficult to deploy detectors with large parameter quantities. This study proposes a lightweight object detection algorithm for remote sensing images called YOLO-EMS, which can ensure real-time detection while improving the detection performance of the model. First, Ghost Convolution (GhostConv) is applied to replace the traditional convolution in backbone networks. In addition, Efficient Multi-Scale Convolution modules (EMSConv) and Extended-EMSC (E-EMSConv) were proposed, which were combined with C2f modules to form EMSC-C2f, and E-EMSC-C2f was used to reduce the model size. Finally, we propose a novel bounding box regression loss function Normalized Corner Distance IoU (NCDIoU), which improves the accuracy of object detection. We compared and tested our proposed convolution module with other mainstream modules and attention mechanisms on the remote sensing image dataset RSOD, and found that our mAP50 increased by a maximum of 11.4\%. In addition, we also conducted ablation experiments on the DIOR and PASCAL VOC datasets, and our algorithm improved by 0.8\% and 0.5\% compared to YOLOv8n on mAP50. It reduces the number of parameters and FLOPs by 10.8\% and 7.4\%, respectively. Finally, we compare the proposed algorithm with other lightweight networks. Our model reduces FLOPs by up to 60.3\%, parameters by 77.9\%, and improves mAP by up to 9.5\% and 13.0\% in the DIOR and PASCAL VOC datasets, respectively.
Hispanic Housing Disparities and its relationship with asthma
Authors: Carrillo Genny , Dominguez Nina Mendez , Rangel Alejandro Moreno
Published: March 2024

Introduction.
Asthma is a chronic relapsing condition whose successful treatment is impacted by the spacing between exacerbations. Still, such spacing may not be optimal when the built environment enhances the risk for increased frequency and severity of symptoms.
Objective.
In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the severity and frequency of asthma symptoms in a sample of children and the built environment in which they lived.
Materials and methods.
Our study is based on a cross-sectional analytical study involving 353 individuals, their parents, and their homes. The descriptive statistics reported include frequencies and percentages for multinominal variables and explore the associations between severe presentation and each symptom using logistic regression modeling conducted using Stata 14.
Results.
Most participants reported low-income levels and lived in houses owned and inhabited by a single family. We also found that houses located near agricultural fields and conditions inside the house, including moisture, stuffed toys, and having pets inside the room, were associated with the onset of asthma symptomatology.
Conclusions.
The built environment is relevant to children with asthma, particularly those with an allergenic component. Families living near agricultural fields must be aware of an increased risk of the onset of severe symptoms and that having pets in the room was correlated with higher levels of symptom onset, including negative impacts on sleep quality. The presence of indoor furniture, carpets, curtains, and any other objects that accumulate dust may exacerbate symptoms, as those elements favor an increase in the concentration of allergens inside the house.
Transient response of parabolic antenna system: Electromagnetic coupling modelization in time and space domains based on TD-EFIE equations
Authors: Khaled Auns , Omri Dorsaf , Aguili Taoufik
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces efficient Time-Domain techniques utilizing the Method of Moments to predict the electromagnetic behaviors of a communication system , invoking the coupling between these components. The system is composed of a parabolic antenna and a wire antenna. To render the problem manageable mathematically, an accurate Time-Domain Electric Field Integral Equations are formulated based on the boundary conditions for modeling the electromagnetic coupling between two antennas. Then, the Method of Moments is employed in both spatial and temporal domains to solve the TD-EFIE developed system. In the temporal domain, the unknown coefficients temporal component is represented as a linear combination of Laguerre functions. In space domain, we use an adequate hybrid mesh technique giving a stable result. The antennas are placed at various distances to observe the coupling impact. Transient responses of our system depending on the separation distance are evaluated and the transient current densities on each antenna are presented.
Low-dose caffeine consumption is a valuable strategy for increasing time to exhaustion, explosive power, and reducing muscle soreness in professional male kickboxers
Authors: Saremi Maziar , Shahriari Fatemeh , Hemmatinafar Mohammad , Rezaei Rasoul , Niknam Alireza , Nordvall Michael , Wong Alexei , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Bagheri Reza
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acute caffeine supplementation of varied doses on kickboxing athletes' performance indices and perceived muscle pain.
Methods: Twelve kickboxing athletes participated in 3 exercise sessions and caffeine supplementation comprising doses of 3 mg/kg (C3), 6 mg/kg (C6), or 3- placebo (PLA) with a one-week wash-out period between exercise trials. The supplement was taken 60 minutes before each exercise session. In each session, the subjects first performed the vertical jump, Wingate anaerobic test and after a 45-minute break, performed the Bruce maximal aerobic test and the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), oxygen consumption equivalent to ventilation threshold (VT2), Time-to-exhaustion (TTE), Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), relative peak power (RPP), relative mean power (RMP), relative lowest power (RLP) and the Wingite Fatigue Index (WFI) after Bruce test were examined.
Results: Consumption of C3 or C6 significantly increased the TTE following treadmill testing (p<0.05), but had no effect on the WFI (p> 0.05). Compared to PLA, the consumption of C3 and C6 significantly increased vertical jump (p<0.05). C3 significantly increases the RPP (p <0.05), whereas C6 did not (p> 0.05) during the Wingate Test. Muscle soreness after two hours (Ms2) showed a significant decrease after C6 supplementation compared to C3 and PLA (p<0.05). In contrast, no significant effect was observed on the VO2max, %VO2max at ventilatory threshold 2, and RPE (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, acute consumption of low to moderate doses of caffeine induces relative improvements in anaerobic and lower-body muscular power, muscle soreness, and TTE in male kickboxing athletes.
Misdiagnosis of Suture Anchor Prolapse at the Distal Phalanx of the Little Finger and MRI confirmations: A case report and literature review
Authors: Alhaskawi Ahmad , Zhou Haiying , Ezzi Sohaib , Kota Vishnu , Abdulla Hasan , Abdalbary Sahar Ahmed , Lu Hui , Dong Yanzhao
Published: March 2024

Background
Suture anchors have gained widespread use in medical practice due to their numerous benefits. However, they are also linked with specific complications, including prolapse. In this article, we present a case report of suture anchor prolapse occurring at the base of the distal phalanx of the little finger.
Case Presentation
The patient complained of stiffness and pain upon physical examination. X-ray imaging revealed a high probability of either distal phalanx fracture or tendon adhesion. However, given the lack of a definitive diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, which indicated bone connectivity between the middle and distal phalanges with patchy high signal shadow, unclear boundaries, and a regular finger shape. Consequently, MRI is considered a superior diagnostic modality for avoiding the misdiagnosis of prolapsed suture anchors.
Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for effective management of these conditions, and the use of MRI may aid in facilitating prompt and appropriate treatment.
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of its kind. Surgical intervention was subsequently performed, which confirmed the findings of the MRI.
Magnetic microspheres based on glycidyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene modified with different amines for removing chromium VI from aqueous media
Authors: Formiga Washington José Fernandes , Silva Manoel Ribeiro , Cunha Henrique Almeida , Ferreira Ivana Lourenço Mello , Costa Marcos Antonio Silva , Castanharo Jacira Aparecida
Published: March 2024

Magnetic microspheres of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) were produced via suspension polymerization. These microspheres were functionalized with ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine. Microspheres with good morphological control and superparamagnetic behavior were obtained. The Cr (VI) adsorption by the amino functionalized microspheres was pH dependent, achieving better removal results at pH 2. The adsorptive process was best described by the pseudo-second order model. The model confirmed that chemisorption is the main mechanism of adsorption control. The equilibrium isotherm study indicated the best suitability for the Langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity was 77.35 mg. g− 1 from the microsphere functionalized with diethylenetriamine, at pH 2, 318.15 K. The adsorbents had ΔH around 40–45 kJ / mol and ΔS between 148–159 J / mol.K. The results indicated an endothermic process, of chemical nature, and with negative ΔG values.
Modifiable Areal Unit Problems for Infectious Disease Cases Described in Medicare and Medicaid Claims, 2016-2019
Authors: Williams Nick
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Modifiable Areal Unit Problems are a major source of spatial uncertainty, but their impact on infectious diseases and epidemic detection is unknown.
Methods: CMS claims (2016-2019) which included infectious disease codes learned through SNOMED CT were extracted and analyzed at two different units of geography; states and ‘home to work commute extent’ mega regions. Analysis was per member per month. Rolling average above the series median within geography and agent of infection was used to assess peak detection. Spatial random forest was used to assess region segmentation by agent of infection.
Results: Mega-regions produced better peak discovery for most, but not all agents of infeciton. Variable importance and Gini measures from spatial random forest show agent-location discrimination between states and regions.
Conclusions: Researchers should defend their geographic unit of report used in peer review studies on an agent-by-agent basis.
Research on Small Public Space Recognition Based on Street View Images: A Case Study of Beijing Beixiaguan Street
Authors: Wang Liang , Hai Zhenkun , Chen Yichen , Zhang Xinghua , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: March 2024

As urbanization continues, people are increasingly seeking spiritual fulfillment beyond material needs. The demand for public space is growing, but the quantity is inadequate, and some spaces lack the required quality. In response, attention is shifting towards underutilized small public spaces in cities. These spaces are gaining importance as a means to address spatial and social challenges in declining inner cities through renovation or addition. Traditional methods of locating small public spaces require a lot of human and material resources for on-site investigation, which is costly and inefficient, while street view images, as a new data source, contain environmental information and spatial information around almost all roads in the city, thus becoming an option for identifying the location of small public spaces. This paper integrates three algorithms of image similarity matching, image target detection recognition and image semantic segmentation, labels and trains target element datasets, and implements a target detection recognition method based on YOLOv5 algorithm to identify streetscape images containing target elements, and takes Beijing Beixiaguan street as an example to comprehensively and efficiently identify streetscape image information of Beixiaguan street and accurately identify small public spaces in Beixiaguan street. The study shows that the method of identifying small public spaces based on streetscape images provides an important solution for efficiently discovering and utilizing small public spaces hidden in urban corners, which can promote the efficiency of urban management planning and contribute to the vision of human-centered urban renewal.
Geometric Constraints on the Speed of Sound and Properties of Neutron Stars
Authors: Bousder M. , Salmani E. , Riadsolh A. , Belkacemi M. El , Ez-Zahraouy H.
Published: March 2024

We investigate solutions to the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations and their implications, deriving an equation of state for the star’s surface as a function of two geometric parameters, λ(r) and ν(r). We find that the parameter λ(r) is essential for explaining fluctuations in the baryon number density and baryonic chemical potential within and outside a neutron star, enabling simulations of regions with varying neutron matter densities. We also highlight the significant role of the ν(r) parameter in illustrating the transition from a neutron star to a black hole, establishing a direct connection between the neutron star’s radius and the event horizon’s radius. The parameter λ(r) is crucial for understanding how the baryon number density and baryonic chemical potential fluctuate inside and outside a neutron star. The core is characterized by λ > 0, and the outer crust is defined by λ < 0. Finally, by analyzing the polytropic equation of state, we find that the neutron stars are composed of two distinct regions: a low-density outer crust and a very high-density core, separated by a sharp boundary. The mixing region between the two layers is known as the inner crust and outer core.
Effective removal of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light using cobalt doped magnesium ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Rajadurai L. , Sambasivam R. , Dash Chandra Sekhar , Ramalingam R. Jothi , Dhiwahar A. Tony , Al-lohedan Hamad , Vidhya J. , Sundararajan M.
Published: March 2024

Photocatalyst Co doped MgFe2O4 prepared for the degradation of Tetracycline hydrochloride (TET) using microwave combustion method (MCM) and determined through XRD, XPS, HR-SEM, EDX, TEM, DRS-UV, FTIR, VSM, BET and lab-made photocatalytic reaction setup to describe the structural, compositional, morphological, magnetic, optical and photocatalytic performance. The average crystallite size and the formation of the cubic spinel structure are ensured by XRD. The oxidation state and elements of MgFe2O4 and Co2+ doped MgFe2O4 was confirmed by XPS and EDX, ensuring the existence of all the components. HR-SEM and TEM confirm the spherical-shaped particle with agglomeration and coalescence. DRS-UV was used to determine the optical bandgap. We used FTIR spectra to analyze functional groups. M-H curves show all samples exhibit soft ferromagnetic characteristics. N2 isotherm analysis showed elevated surface area and pore size values. Additionally, the investigation evaluated the specific mechanism of photocatalytic degradation. (PCD), under ideal conditions, the degradation rate of TET reached 98.7%.
Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer in a Solar Flat Plate Collector using nano-Fluids
Authors: Moghtadaei Anahita
Published: March 2024

Solar energy is a source of clean and free energy that has been used by humans in various ways. The recent energy crisis has made countries around the world approach energy issues differently. The heat and light emitted by the sun is called solar energy. Solar energy is the light and heat that is radiated from the sun and can be harnessed using a range of technologies, such as photovoltaic systems and solar thermal energy. One of the most important applications of solar energy is the use of photovoltaic panels to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Solar collectors are used to harness the thermal energy (heat) from solar energy. In this study, the heat exchange by nanofluid in pipes, screw, and absorber plate in the flat plate collector were examined. Nanofluids are fluids that have particles suspended between 1 and 100 nanometers in size in the base fluid. The addition of nanofluids significantly increases heat transfer and thermal conductivity. In this study, silicon carbide nanofluids with percentages of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% in the base fluid (ethylene glycol) were used. The thermal properties, such as Nusselt number, conductive heat transfer coefficient, and transfer rate of the nanofluids were investigated.
Geotechnical evaluation of residual granitic soils contaminated with gasoline
Authors: Gomes Luis Ferreira , Teixeira Gonçalo , Studart André , Marchiori Leonardo , Morais Maria Vitoria , Albuquerque Antonio , Pais Luis Andrade
Published: March 2024

Human activity brings several risks of contamination with pollutants of varying types and effects, with hydrocarbon compounds being of great concern as they are released by vehicles, industrial and construction activities and in areas with fuel reservoirs, among others. Hence, when these contaminants reach the soil, a legitimate question arises regarding their impact on the soil's resistance characteristics. This work presents a case study of granite residual soils contaminated with gasoline under 8-, 16-, and 32-days. Physical and mechanical characterization were conducted. Direct shear tests have stated high enhancement in cohesion of the samples contaminated with gasoline, exposing their lubrification effect while enveloping the particles grains. CBR and structural analysis values exposed support capacity reduction up to 16%, probably due to the gasoline´s aggressiveness as a chemical agent, altering the general structure of the soil. It seems that gasoline is a complex addition to the soil-water-air interaction, possibly transforming the soil into a hydrophobic material and thus separating the water as the connecting agent, affecting the overall structure and support capacity of the soil.
Celebrating legacy: The intergenerational transmission of reproduction and human capital in Ming–Qing Chinese families
Authors: Hu Sijie
Published: March 2024

In unified growth models, a key to achieving sustained economic growth is the evolving nexus between population dynamics and technological change. This paper uses the genealogical records of 36,456 males to investigate the nexus—the intergenerational transmission of reproduction and human capital—within six Chinese lineages from 1350 to 1920. By examining the relationship between reproduction and long-run reproductive success, the empirical results reveal that the optimal level of reproduction exceeded the sample median. This finding suggests that greater reproduction in each generation was conducive to long-run reproductive success. In exploring the mechanisms through which reproduction affected long-run reproductive success, I investigate the relationship between child quantity and quality. The results indicate an absence of quantity-quality trade-off of children in the six lineages. This paper concludes that, in Ming–Qing (1368–1911) China, opting for larger families conferred definite advantages upon high-status men, enabling them to produce a greater number of high-quality male descendants across successive generations.
JEL Classification I25, J13, N35, O15
Sympatric speciation with gene flow of Drosophila hydei from Evolution Canyon
Authors: Qiao Zhenglei , Wan Na , Liu Xi , Wang Yinjia , Li Fang , Kuang Zhuoran , Mao Leyan , Li Kexin , Wang Huihua , Nevo Eviatar
Published: March 2024

Mounting theoretical and empirical studies prove that sympatric speciation is possible in nature, however, it’s commonality is still debated. Here we show genomic evidence for incipient sympatric speciation inDrosophila hydeifrom Evolution Canyon I in Mount Carmel Israel. First, we provide a reference genome with contig N50 of 4.72 Mb. Population genomes were clearly separated between the hot-dry savannoid African slope (AS) and cool-humid temperate European slope (ES). Genetic diversity and recombination rate was significantly higher in ES new sympatric species than that in AS. Tajima’sDis significantly higher in AS than that in ES suggesting they were under different non-random selection patterns, rejecting neutrality. We identified 137 islands and the genetic parameters were significantly different with that of the backgrounds. Putatively selected genes (GO enrichment) from ES population were enriched in higher aggression, photoreception, autophagy, temperature, neurogenetics and reproduction, and defense responses against bacteria and fungi. By contrast, in the AS, the selected genes were enriched in aging, autophagy, visual system and response to nutrient level.
Circ-MEG3 inhibits the malignant proliferation of human cervical cancer cells
Authors: Pan Tong , liang Shuang , Li Yanna
Published: March 2024

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers in the world and circular RNA plays an important role in the development of human cancer. However, Circ-MEG3 exact function is still unclear. Herein, our results indicate that circ-MEG3 inhibits the growth in vitro and in vivo of human cervical cancer cells. Moreover, we find that circ-MEG3 alters gene expression in human cervical cancer cells. In particular, there were differences in gene expression between rLV-circ group and rLV-circ-MEG3 group, among which 407 genes were up-regulated expression and 8562 genes were down-regulated expression. The important up-regulated genes mainly include CHIC2, EXT1, KDM6A, DDX5, PPARγ, CNBP, PRRX1, BTG1, FBXO11, SRGAP3, SET, PTEN, EIF4A2. The important down-regulated genes mainly include HSP90AB1, CALR, TPM4, HSP90AA1, MYH9, NPM1, HMGA1, CDKN2A, NDRG1, ATP1A1, SDHA, FUS, MYC, SEPT9, CCND3, DNAJB, SND1, CCND1, RPN1, H3F3A. Strikingly, our results show that circ-MEG3 alters cellular functions and cell signaling pathway. The important up-regulated KEGG mainly include p53signaling pathway, Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes. The important down-regulated KEGG mainly include cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Amphetamine addiction. In conclusions, Circ-MEG3 inhibits the progression of human cervical cancer by altering gene expression and related signaling pathways, providing a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. We will further explore how Circ-MEG3 functions during cervical carcinogenesis and screen its associated important targets.
A secure data sharing model against keyword guessing attacks in edge-cloud collaboration scenarios
Authors: Zhang Qikun , Xiong Meng-en , Li Ping , Yuan Junling , Zhu Hongfei
Published: March 2024

In the context of edge cloud collaboration scenarios, data sharing is an essential technological tool, and smart devices face significant challenges when it comes to data sharing security. In scenarios involving edge clouds, attribute-based keyword search (ABKS) is utilized to enable fine-grained access control over shared data and keyword retrieval by users who meet the required privileges. The implementation of secure data sharing is threatened since most of the current ABKS protocols are unable to fend against Keyword Guessing Attacks (KGA), which can be launched by an untrusted cloud server and result in the exposure of sensitive personal information. Using attribute-based encryption (ABE) as the foundation, we build a secure data exchange paradigm in this work that withstands the keyword guessing attack.In our paper, we provide a secure data sharing framework that resists keyword guessing attacks and uses attribute-based encryption (ABE) as the foundation to achieve fine-grained access control to resources in the ciphertext. To avoid malicious guessing of keywords by cloud servers, two encryption keys computed by edge layer key negotiation mechanism re-encrypt the user's private key and keyword trapdoor, respectively. The model is implemented using the JPBC library. According to the security analysis, the model is able to resist Keyword Guessing Attacks (KGA) in the random oracle model. The model's performance examination demonstrates its feasibility and lightweight nature, as well as its large computing advantages and lower storage consumption.
Understanding Agoraphobic Tendencies: Development and Validation of the Deenz Agoraphobia Scale (DAS-15) in Non-Clinical Populations
Authors: Dar Deen Mohd
Published: March 2024

Deenz Agoraphobia Scale (DAS) is a 15-item instrument designed to assess agoraphobia symptoms using a 3-point scale. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the DAS in a sample of 32 participants aged 21 to 25, primarily recruited from college settings. Results indicated strong internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = .85) and significant positive correlations between DAS scores and measures of anxiety severity (r = .60, p < .001) and fear of public spaces (r = .45, p < .01), supporting the scale’s reliability and convergent validity in young adults. These findings highlight the DAS’s potential as a valid measure for assessing agoraphobia symptoms in this age group.
Developing a Water Magnetization System for Scale Prevention and Water Treatment
Authors: Attia Moussa , Driss Zied , Abd-Elhamid Hany F. , Ennetta Ridha
Published: March 2024

This study examines the viability of employing electromagnetic water treatment as a viable substitute for traditional approaches. This study explores the significance of water purification, its practical applications, and the phenomenon of magnetism. This method employs various electromagnetic fields to alter the physical and chemical characteristics of water, thereby improving its capacity to dissolve and retain nutrients, decreasing surface tension, and promoting enhanced water infiltration. The treatment technique efficiently eliminates contaminants, diminishes the concentration of dissolved minerals, and amplifies the water's taste and fragrance, without using any chemicals. Consequently, they are becoming more recognized as a viable and economical method of water filtration. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the procedure depends on the caliber of the water and the costs associated with the equipment. Further investigation is required to comprehensively understand its influence on human health and environment. Moreover, it is crucial to highlight that we have created a prototype of a water magnetization device and carried out extensive research and measurements before and during its implementation. The efficacy of water magnetization in removing pollutants like lime and enhancing the freshness and health benefits of water, both for human consumption and agricultural use, has been demonstrated. This study rigorously examines the efficacy of an electromagnetic water treatment (EMWT) system, showcasing remarkable improvements in water quality. Based on our observations, there are 85% fewer bacteria, corrosion slows down by more than 60%, and the formation of CaCO3 scales is stopped significantly, by more than 75%. Such quantitative outcomes underscore the system's profound impact on enhancing water safety and infrastructure longevity. The profound importance of this research lies in its potential to revolutionize water treatment methodologies. For human health, the system promises a substantial reduction in waterborne diseases by providing cleaner, safer water without reliance on harmful chemicals, thus preserving essential minerals. Environmentally, it signifies a step towards sustainable water management by reducing the dependency on chemical additives and minimizing waste. The broader implications of our findings suggest a transformative potential across various sectors, including agriculture, where enhanced water quality could significantly improve crop yield and reduce chemical fertilizer dependency, and industrial processes by prolonging equipment life through scale prevention. By bridging the gap between advanced scientific research and practical application, this study not only highlights the technological innovation behind EMWT but also its critical role in fostering a sustainable, healthy future for both humans and the environment.
Iodine Coadsorbed OH-Copper Phthalocyanine for Dopamine Sensing – A DFT Study
Authors: Sangeetha Thekkayil , Lakshmipathi Senthilkumar
Published: March 2024

Density Functional Theory (DFT) was employed to investigate the sensing behavior of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) when interacting with OH-functionalized copper phthalocyanines (CuPCs) and copper phthalocyanines coadsorbed with iodine (CuIPc), both in gaseous and aqueous media. The study revealed that CuIPc demonstrates a superior capacity for detecting dopamine molecules compared to CuPc. Within these complexes, hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds were observed, with hydrogen bonds playing a pivotal role in the dopamine adsorption process. The enhanced electrical conductivity of CuPc sheets after iodine adsorption, along with the high adsorption energy of the iodine-coadsorbed CuPc/DA complexes, underscores the significance of iodine in this context. It is noteworthy that the utilization of iodine significantly enhances the sensing response for dopamine. In summary, copper phthalocyanine coadsorbed with iodine emerges as a promising material for dopamine sensors, offering possibilities for further advancements in this field.
File Chunking Towards On-Chain Storage: A Blockchain-Based Data Preservation Framework
Authors: Author Muhammed Tmeizeh , Rodríguez-Domínguez Carlos , Hurtado María Visitación
Published: March 2024

The growing popularity of the most current wave of decentralized systems, powered by blockchain technology, which act as data vaults and preserve data, ensures that, once stored, it stays preserved, considered to be one of the most promising safe and immutable storage methods. The authors of this research suggest an on-chain storage framework that stores files inside blockchain transactions using file transforming, chunking, and encoding techniques. This study investigates the performance of on-chain file storage using a simulated network blockchain environment. Test files of varying sizes were deployed. Performance metrics, including consumed time in chunking, encoding, and distributing chunks among block transactions, were measured and analyzed. An analysis of the collected data was conducted to assess the framework's performance. The result showed that selecting the appropriate chunk size significantly influences the overall performance of the system. We also explored the implications of our findings and offered suggestions for improving performance within the framework.
Unlocking the potential of bio-inspired bioinks: A collective breakthrough in mammalian tissue bioprinting
Authors: Marquette Christophe A. , Chastagnier Laura , Sousa Benjamin Da , Chocarro-Wrona Carlos , Courtial Edwin-Joffrey , Rae Elea , Thomann Céline , Carre Albane , Essayan Lucie , Pasuch Ana J. , Mosnier Alizée , Devillard Chloé , Petiot Emma , Lemarié Lucas , Matera Eva-Laure , Simoes Meigge , Dumontet Charles , Martin Cristina Cuella , Pechtimaldjian Léa , Pécheur Eve-Isabelle , Maguer-Satta Véronique , Michelet Maude , Plissonnier Marie-Laure , Archer Fabienne , Moreau Karen , Dufaud Marjorie , Zaupa Cécile , Balloul Jean-Marc , Pruvost Quentin , Dauphin Thibaud , Mosser Mathilde , Pragnère Sarah
Published: March 2024

The composition of soft tissues in mammals can be simplified as approximately 60–65% water, 16% protein, 16% fat, 1% carbohydrate, and trillions of cells. This report brings together the collaborative efforts of 10 research groups over the past five years, all dedicated to producing mammalian tissues through extrusion-based bioprinting. What unified these studies was a common approach, with a shared bioink composition consisting of gelatin, alginate, and fibrinogen, and a post-printing consolidation strategy involving transglutaminase crosslinking, calcium chelation, and thrombin-mediated fibrin production. By consolidating the findings of these studies, it was conclusively demonstrated that bioprinting and culturing all 19 cells tested from 14 different organs was indeed achievable. These remarkable outcomes were attributed not only to the bio-inspired nature of the common bioink but also to its unique rheological properties, such as significant shear-thinning and a sufficiently high static yield stress. The majority of these cells exhibited behaviours consistent with their natural in vivo environments. Clearly identifiable microstructures and organizations showcased intricate morphogenesis mechanisms resulting in the formation of micro-tubules, micro-vessels, and micro-acini. It is now evident that microextrusion bioprinting, especially when using bio-inspired bioink formulations, represents a promising avenue for generating a wide range of mammalian soft tissues.
RETRACTED: Affiliation within structure: the challenge of resources for public R&D institutions like the Barcelona supercomputing center
Authors: Toscani Giulio
Published: March 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Speech-based Sentiment Recognition System using PDCNN and LSTM Algorithms
Authors: Adagale Sushadevi Shamrao , Gupta Praveen
Published: March 2024

Sentiment analysis is very important for the multiple human-computer interaction system. Many deep learning frameworks have been presented for sentiment analysis using speech signals. However, the performance of speech-based sentiment recognition is limited because of poor generalization capability, limited long-term dependency, inferior feature representation, poor balance in speech spectral and temporal properties, and complexity in deep learning algorithm frameworks. This paper presents speech-based sentiment recognition (SSR) using a parallel deep convolution neural network, a long short-term memory (DCNN-LSTM) network, and multiple acoustic features (MAF). The multiple acoustic features consist of spectral, time domain, and voice quality features for improving the feature distinctiveness of the speech signal. Further, the Archimedes Optimization algorithm (AoA) selects the prominent MAFs. The weights of the fitness function of the AoA algorithms are automatically optimized using the Multi-Attribute Criteria Theory (MAUT) algorithm. The outcomes of the proposed algorithm are evaluated on the Berlin Sentiment Database (EMODB), which consists of seven sentiments: happiness, anger, boredom, disgust, fear, neutral, and sadness.
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.)-enriched Plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.) Biscuits ameliorates Diabetes, Hypertension and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin/High-Fat Diet induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Adeyemo Aanuoluwapo Elizabeth , Josiah Sunday Solomon , Omoba Olufunmilayo Sade , Olagunju Aderonke Ibidunni
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to investigate the effect of shallot-enriched plantain biscuits (SEPB) on diabetes, hypertension, and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)/high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Group 1: Control, Group 2: Untreated diabetic rats, Groups 3 and 4: Diabetic rats fed with plantain biscuit supplemented with 0% and 20% shallot, respectively, Group 5: Diabetic rats fed with commercial onion biscuit, and Group 6: Diabetic rats orally treated with Metformin (100 mg/kg, body weight). The treatment lasted for 14 days. Glucose levels, lipid profiles, atherogenic/coronary risk indices, and hepatic/renal function markers in the plasma of diabetic rats were evaluated. Assessment of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activities were carried out. Furthermore, the activities/levels of oxidative stress markers and histopathology status were assessed in the liver and kidney of the experimental rats using standard methods. Our results showed that SEPB significantly (p < 0.05) lowered glucose levels, moderated lipid profile function, and ameliorated hepato-renal dysfunctions in diabetic rats. The activities of pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal α-glucosidase, and hepatic/renal ACE increased significantly (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats fed with SEPB compared to untreated diabetic rats. Furthermore, SEPB significantly (p < 0.05) mitigated oxidative stress as adjudged by increased glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities, coupled with decreased lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats. The results obtained from the histopathology assessment further confirm the protective potentials of SEPB. The study suggested that SEPB exhibits antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant potentials; hence, it may be suitable as a functional snack.
UBE2C is associated with Prognosis of Immunosuppression and Cell Invasiveness in Glioma
Authors: Feng Hao , Fu Anhui , Yang Rong , Qiao Fei
Published: March 2024

Background
Glioma is one of the common tumors of the central nervous system, which presents difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment due to its characteristics of immunosuppression and cell invasion phenotypes. The condition and prognosis of glioma may be predicted during the process of diagnosis and treatment, it will be more conducive to timely intervention or evaluation of glioma.
Methods
Differential or risk genes were analyzed based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) - glioma samples, selecting relative typical biological processes based on enrichment analysis of their common genes. Target gene UBE2C were obtained by the expression correlation and differential expression analysis for the enrichment results. UBE2C were evaluated by clinical grading, survival prognosis and cell experiments. GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) analysis based on GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) data sets and the above conclusions were verified. The correlation of UBE2C with immune invasion, immune checkpoint and cell invasiveness of gliomas was analyzed by TCGA-glioma data and STRING, respectively.
Results
Our results suggests that the high expression and risk of UBE2C in gliomas may be a factor that promotes malignant phenotype of tumor cells. The immune phenotype shows that IL6 and IL10 may be the key nodes affecting the immunosuppressive phenotype of glioma. Further, the invasion genes from the MMP family can be correlated with immunosuppressive phenotypes via UBE2C-IL6/IL10 axis, especially displayed by MMP2/MMP9.
Conclusion
The UBE2C may systemic effects the malignant phenotype, immunosuppression and cell invasiveness of tumors systematically, which reflects UBE2C as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for glioma.
M-Calib: A Monocular 3D Object Localization using 2D Estimates for Industrial Robot Vision System
Authors: Canh Thanh Nguyen , Ngoc Du Trinh , HoangVan Xiem
Published: March 2024

3D Object Localization has been emerging recently as one of the challenges of Machine Vision or Robot Vision tasks. In this paper, we proposed a novel method designed for the localization of isometric flat 3D objects, leveraging a blend of deep learning techniques primarily rooted in object detection, post-image processing algorithms, and pose estimation. Our approach involves the strategic application of 3D calibration methods tailored for low-cost industrial robotics systems, requiring only a single 2D image input. Initially, object detection is performed using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) model, followed by segmentation of the object into two distinct parts— the top face and the remainder— using the Mask R-CNN model. Subsequently, the center of the top face serves as the initialization position and a unique combination of post-processing techniques and a novel calibration algorithm is employed to refine the object’s position. Experimental results demonstrate a notable reduction in localization error by 87.65% when compared to existing methodologies. Furthermore , we have made our code and datasets openly accessible to the public, facilitating further research and collaboration in this domain (https://github. com/NguyenCanhThanh/MonoCalibNet)
Spatiotemporal Modeling for Dynamic Gesture Recognition in Video Streams
Authors: Sandhya Jella , ANITHASHEELA KANCHARLA
Published: March 2024

Indian Sign Language (ISL) serves as a vital means of communication for the hearing-impaired community in India. Accurate recognition of ISL gestures through computer vision is of paramount importance for enhancing accessibility and inclusivity. Hence this research focuses on translating sign language gestures used by the hearing impairment community into formats understandable by the general population in order to bridge the communication gap between these communities. For this a Continuous Sign language recognition module is to be designed which is complicated since the grammar for Sign language is different from the spoken language due to which first the continuous ISL (Indian Sign language) is to be converted to glosses and then these glosses are to be used for generating the spoken language. Also, as per literature it is observed that Sign language translator is built for American, Chinese and Argentina Sign language but very little work is done on Indian Sign language. Also, many of the ISL translators are built either on static data or very a smaller number of gestures of video data [20]. In our work it is proposed to build a system which uses combinational network that can convert directly the ISL to Speech on 76 video gestures. The proposed combinational network includes Pre-trained network designs such as ResNet18, ResNet50, GoogLeNet, and InceptionV3 to efficiently extract spatial features from video frames and subsequently, these extracted features are further processed through a two-layer Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network to represent time dependencies between the frames for a particular gesture. Compared to conventional RNNs, BiLSTM models are used since they were able to represent well the longer time dependencies of frames in the gesture. To validate the proposed idea a standard balanced database of around 76 gestures with each gesture enacted by 10 individuals 05 times each which includes letters, words, phrases are created in Anechoic Chamber lab using Sony HXR-NX100 camera sponsored under UGC-MRP at JNTUHCEH. We explored various combinations of pre-trained networks and BiLSTM layers to strike a balance between computational resources and precision on this database and we could achieve incredible accuracy in gesture classification while minimizing training time and memory usage. GoogLenet with LSTM gave better results with an average test accuracy of 94.21% compared to other combinational networks.
Trajectory Classification through Topological Data Analysis Perspectives
Authors: Esteve Miriam , Falcó Antonio
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the application of Topological Data Analysis (TDA) in the domain of trajectory classification, aiming to enhance the understanding and interpretation of complex spatial movement patterns. Leveraging TDA, we delve into the inherent structures and relationships embedded in trajectory datasets, providing a novel perspective on classification methodologies. The paper investigates the integration of TDA techniques into trajectory analysis, shedding light on their potential to capture spatial features that traditional methods may overlook. The study further extends to incorporate both simulated data trajectories and two real-world datasets pertaining to vehicles and ships. These additional datasets allowed us to apply TDA in practical, real-world contexts, demonstrating its versatility and effectiveness across different modes of transportation. The inclusion of simulated trajectories also provided a controlled environment to test the robustness of TDA techniques. The results from applying TDA to these diverse datasets have been promising, showcasing the potential of TDA to revolutionize the field of trajectory analysis by revealing intricate spatial patterns and relationships that traditional analytical methods might miss.
Assessing Genetic Plasticity in Response to New Environmental Conditions in Coniferous Tree Seeds from Multiple Provenances
Authors: Zhu Peng-Kai , Xu Yan-Ping , Rong Ju-Dong , Liu Kai , He Tian-You , Chen Li-Guang , Zheng Yu-Shan , Chen Ling-Yan
Published: March 2024

In the context of climate change, assessing the adaptive potential of species and populations is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies. Changes in plant gene expression play a significant role in the adaptation process to climate change. This study aims to explore the adaptive responses of the near-threatened conifer species Chamaecyparis hodginsii to climate change and analyze the molecular-level reactions of these long-lived trees to climatic shifts. It seeks to understand their phenotypic responses to climate change, identify key environmental factors driving adaptive gene expression, and provide information for transplantation conservation strategies based on genetic adaptability. By conducting mixed-tissue RNA sequencing on seeds from multiple provenances and employing redundancy analysis (RDA), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM), the study assesses the impact of climatic variables on gene expression and phenotype. It identifies key gene groups associated with environmental responses and elucidates the complex relationships between environmental factors, functional gene groups, and phenotypic traits. The findings reveal that C. hodginsiiadapts to environmental stresses by regulating specific gene activities related to morphological trait adjustments. Moreover, environmental factors such as the impact on tree architecture emphasize the importance of Precipitation Seasonality, Isothermality, and Precipitation of Driest Quarter for adapting to climate stresses. This research not only unveils the complex adaptive responses of C. hodginsii to climate change but also provides critical insights for the management and conservation of long-lived tree species facing climate change threats.