bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infecciones tempranas en pacientes trasplantados en un hospital de alta complejidad
Authors: Patiño-López Marilú , Echeverri-Toro Lina , Bonfante-Olivares Laura , Atehortúa-Muñoz Santiago , Ospina-Ospina Sigifredo
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: Determinar las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y microbiológicas de las infecciones tempranas en pacientes trasplantados en un hospital de alta complejidad.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo transversal utilizando la base de datos del centro de trasplantes y las historias clínicas de  los pacientes trasplantados. Se incluyeron pacientes que adquirieron infección en el primer mes pos trasplante. El análisis de los datos se realizó en el software estadístico SPSS 21.0, se calcularon medidas descriptivas y de asociación (chi cuadrado y test exacto de Fisher).Resultados: Se estudiaron 53 pacientes trasplantados. La prevalencia de infecciones tempranas fue de 24,7%. La prevalencia por tipo de trasplante fue: para trasplante combinado hígado/riñón 50%, para trasplante de intestino 33,3%, para trasplante de hígado 28,8% y para trasplante renal 21,6%. Las infecciones más frecuentes fueron: infección el tracto urinario (43,4%), bacteriemia (26,4%) e infección del sitio operatorio (22,6%). Las infecciones bacterianas fueron las más predominantes con un 88,6%, seguidas por las infecciones fúngicas en un 7,5 % y las virales en un 3,7%.Los microorganismos más frecuentes fueron: Escherichia coli (60,4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17%), y Staphylococcus aureus (5,7%). El 41,5% de los microrganismos presentaron multirresistencia, de éstos Escherichia coli con un 54,5% y Klebsiella pneumoniae con un 40,9%, productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE).Conclusiones: Las infecciones bacterianas fueron las más frecuentes, en su mayoría asociadas a la atención en salud, con mayor prevalencia de infección del tracto urinario y un alto porcentaje de multirresistencia antimicrobiana.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Echinophora platyloba essential oil
Authors: Mahdian Fourough , Mahboubi Mohaddese , Rahimi Ebrahim , Moslehi Shad Maryam
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: Echinophora platyloba se utiliza tradicionalmente como agente antimicrobiano con el fin de preservar los productos caseros de deterioro. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la composición química del aceite esencial, actividad antimicrobiana y antioxidante del aceite esencial de E. platyloba de la provincia de Shahr-e-Kord.Materiales y métodos: la composición química del aceite esencial de E. platyloba mediante técnicas de GC-MS y GC y evaluar su efecto antibacteriano frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica y Helicobacter pylori por ensayos de difusión en disco y de micro dilución en caldo. La actividad antioxidante del aceite esencial de E. platyloba se evaluó por los radicales ABST. β-ocimeno y α-cariofileno eran los componentes principales del aceite esencial de E. platyloba. El aceite esencial mostró la actividad antibacteriana prometido contra S. aureus, seguido de S. enterica y  H. pylori. El aceite esencial presenta actividad antioxidante del aceite esencial mostró la IC de 0. 32 mg/ml que fue mayor que la IC50 de ácido ascórbico (0.20 mg/ml).En conclusión: Aceite esencial de E. platyloba ha se recomienda ß-ocimeno y quimiotipo α-cariofileno y su uso como agentes antioxidantes y antibacterianas como sus usos tradicionales.
Recomendaciones prácticas para la antisepsia de la piel del paciente antes de cirugía
Authors: Álvarez Carlos Arturo , Guevara Cesar Ernesto , Valderrama Sandra Liliana , Sefair Carlos Fernando , Cortes Jorge Alberto , Jiménez María Fernanda , Soria Carmen Gabriela , Cuellar Luis Ernesto
Published: April 2017

La búsqueda de estrategias para la disminución de la infección de sitio operatorio (ISO) es una prioridad, dado el impacto que ésta tiene en los resultados de la atención de los pacientes. Recientemente ha tomado gran relevancia en la prevención de la ISO, la preparación prequirúrgica de la piel del paciente como uno de los factores clave, en los que se puede intervenir y disminuir el riesgo. En los últimos años han aparecido revisiones exhaustivas dedicadas no solo a la comparación de las soluciones antisépticas, y técnica de aplicación, también acerca de la importancia del baño pre operatorio, uso de cintas y compresas quirúrgicas impregnadas con antisépticos y el recorte de cabello preoperatorio. En esta publicación se describen los hallazgos más importantes relacionados con la preparación antiséptica de la piel del paciente y se propone un protocolo con recomendaciones prácticas para ser implementado en las instituciones del país. Se incluyen recomendaciones basadas en niveles de evidencia sobre el uso de las soluciones antisépticas (yodopovidona, clorhexidina, clorhexidina mas alcohol, entre otras) con énfasis en las ventajas y desventajas de cada una de ellas.
Primer caso del síndrome hemofagocítico asociado con posible infección con Rickettsia sp del grupo de las fiebres manchadas, Meta, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Liliana , Máttar Salim , Contreras Verónica
Published: April 2017

El presente estudio describe un caso de síndrome hemofagocítico (SHF) probablemente asociado a la infección por una especie de Rickettsia del grupo de las fiebres manchadas (GFM). La paciente fue  una niña de ocho años procedente de un área rural tropical del departamento del Meta, en el Oriente Colombiano, la cual fue admitida en el Hospital de Villavicencio con fiebre alta de tres días de evolución, dolor de cabeza, erupción, astenia, dolor abdominal, linfadenopatias y hepatoesplenomegalia. Los estudios serológicos para HIV, hepatitis, citomegalovirus, virus Epstein Barr entre otros resultaron negativos. La paciente fue admitida en un estudio de fiebres tropicales indiferenciadas, las muestras de suero pareadas fueron analizadas mediante inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) para detección de anticuerpos IgG contra Rickettsia spp., del GFM y se encontró seroconversión de títulos de anticuerpos entre fase aguda (IgG 1:64) y convaleciente (IgG 1:1024). Dada la rápida remisión de las manifestaciones clínicas tras la instauración del tratamiento con doxiciclina, la causa del síndrome hemofagocítico fue atribuido a la infección por Rickettsia spp del GFM.
Female street sex work in Belgrade as risk environment for a syndemic production: A qualitative study
Authors: Zikic Bojan , Milenkovic Milos
Published: April 2017

Introduction/Objective. Although female street sex workers are contextually vulnerable to numerous health-endangering factors, they also contribute in re-producing them. This synergetic production is approached by syndemic theory developed within medical anthropology. The objective of the study is to present an analysis of the results of a qualitative ethnographic study conducted in Belgrade, Serbia in 2015, and reflect upon social environment factors influencing syndemic development of medical conditions. Methods. The risk environment factors enhancing possibilities of developing particular medical conditions were investigated by applying qualitative anthropological methodology, emphasizing semi-structured in-depth interviews, a standard qualitative sample, and respondents? self-reporting. Results. Social environment of sex work, generally considered risky due to sexually and blood-transmitted diseases, in this study also proved as receptive for many other illnesses, whose syndemic character has been insufficiently addressed. The study confirmed the syndemic nature of street sex work. Conclusion. The social science perspective should be used in health policy conceptualization and implementation not only during latter stages, i.e. in the interpretation of the social conditions influencing medical related issues, but during early stages of understanding how those conditions and issues circularly constitute each other.
Efficacy of infliximab in treatment of refractory panuveitis associated with Behçet disease
Authors: Zivkovic Maja , Zlatanovic Marko , Zlatanovic Gordana , Jaksic Vesna , Hristov Aleksandra , Jovanovic Svetlana
Published: April 2017

Introduction. Behcet disease (BD) is a chronic multi-system disorder with manifestations in the ocular, urological, articular, and vascular systems. Tumor necrosis factor alpha is believed to play a pivotal role in BD. Therapeutic blockade of its activity by infliximab is a novel therapeutic approach and has successfully led to remission of the disease. The aim is to report two cases of refractory BD-associated panuveitis (PU) treated with infliximab. The patients were followed for 12 months. The main therapy assessment parameters were the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the better eye, slit lamp and fluorescein angiography (FAG) from baseline findings and from the final examination. Case outline. A male patient (45 years old, 25 years of BD history) and a female patient (45 years old, 15 years of BD history), both with posterior synechia, 3+ flare and complicated cataract, while the female also had hypopyon, were treated with infliximab administered at the dose of 5 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, 6, and 14. The results for the male patient were as follows (baseline vs. the final examination): BCVA ? 0.5 vs. 0.8; cellular reaction ? 3+ vs. 1+; FAG ? 1/2 vs. 0. The results for the female patient were as follows: BCVA ? 0.1 vs. 0.3; FAG ? 2/3 vs. 0. After 12 months, relapses or side-effects were not observed. Conclusion. Infliximab is an effective and promising drug in treating refractory BD-associated PU. It promptly reduces acute symptoms of PU, but it still remains to be seen if a long-term remission in a great number of patients will be achieved.
Valjevo’s medical doctor Jovan Siber and pharmacist Klaudije Prikelmajer: A historical illustration of the role of immigrants from Slavonia to the development of health care in Serbia
Authors: Krivosejev Vladimir
Published: April 2017

In a short period of the late 1860s, three significant new institutions were founded in Valjevo: the hospital (1867), the grammar school (1869) and the pharmacy (1870). In the early stages of development of all three institutions, a big role was played by immigrants from Slavonia: medical doctor Jovan Sieber, pharmacist Klaudije Prikelmajer, and professor Djuro Kozarac. This paper aims to clarify the connections between these individuals that caused their relocation from the territories of the Habsburg Monarchy to Serbia and Valjevo, as well as to resolve the confusion caused by imprecise family memories and written chronicles that have been collected. Moreover, this paper additionally focuses on the origins of the Sieber family, which included Jovan Sieber, and the later arrival of other members of the family to Valjevo. Another member of the family was Jovan?s nephew Dr. Stevan Sieber, father of Dr. Djordje Sieber, who went on to become a general in the Medical Corps of the Royal Yugoslav Army.
The Right to Due Process in Challenging a Determination of Cause and Manner of Death: Giving the Family the Ability to Contest a Cause and Manner Decision by a Medical Examiner in Maryland
Authors: Fowler David R. , Goldfarb Bruce
Published: April 2017

In 1989, the legislature in Maryland passed a statutory amendment that allowed a person in interest to request that the Chief Medical Examiner review the death investigation of an individual and request that the cause of death or the manner of death be amended. The statute further allowed the individual the opportunity to have a hearing in front of an administrative law judge, should the Chief Medical Examiner deny the request. This process requires the person in interest to make the initial request to the Chief Medical Examiner before having the opportunity to move this into the court system.
A Brief History of the Literature on Postmortem Changes to the 19th Century
Authors: Milroy Christopher M.
Published: April 2017

The fact that the body changes following death must have been known for the whole history of mankind. But myth and superstition surrounded the changes. This led to such entities as the ordeal of the bier being used as criminal proof, even though other forms of trial by ordeal had long been abandoned. The scientific literature in the English language did not start until the late 18th century and was still surrounded with ignorance and some superstition. The main concern of the early writers was the correct determination of death. In the 19th century, an understanding of postmortem changes developed and the first attempts to accurately classify sequences of putrefaction were made. This paper analyzes the early forensic medicine writing and the progress of knowledge to the later 19th century, through examination of forensic medicine textbooks published in the English language.
En Bloc Examination of the Neck in Pediatric Homicide Cases: A Proper Way for Complete Assessment of Neck Trauma
Authors: Ali Zabiullah , Fowler David R.
Published: April 2017

The necks of infants and young children are not only anatomically different from adults, but are also supported by much weaker musculoskeletal systems and are therefore prone to trauma as a result of extension/flexion (shaking) or contact trauma to the head. Shaking cervical spine injuries can occur at much lower levels of head velocity and acceleration than those reported for shaken baby syndrome. The proper method for a comprehensive and detailed examination of the neck in pediatric homicide and suspected homicide cases is the en bloc examination of the neck, because the standard examination of the spinal cord not only distorts the anatomical relationship of the cord and osteocartilagenous structures, but also excludes the cervical nerves, ganglia, and the vertebral arteries from being evaluated. Interpretation of gross and microscopic findings using this method requires experience and knowledge of the anatomical relationship and common artifacts, such as epidural, focal intradural, or even isolated nerve hemorrhage to avoid misinterpretation. It is our opinion that this method should be applied to all pediatric homicide or suspected homicide cases, but is not suited for routine or nonsuspicious cases as it will add to the time and cost of medical examiner's operations.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ НАГЛЯДНЫХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ПРИ РАЗВИТИИ ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ У ДЕТЕЙ С ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Драчинская Татьяна Владимировна
Published: April 2017

В статье рассказывается об опыте психологической коррекций эмоциональной сферы у детей с ДЦП в условиях санатория посредством метода моделирования с использованием заместителей и наглядных моделей. Описывается формирование навыков наглядного моделирования у детей с двигательной недостаточностью, полученных результатах.
Estimation de l'exhaustivité des données de facturation des médecins pour la détermination des cas de diabète au moyen des données sur les médicaments d'ordonnance
Authors: Lix L. M. , Kuwornu J. P. , Kroeker K. , Kephart G. , Sikdar K. C. , Smith M. , Quan H.
Published: April 2017

Introduction

Les changements dans les politiques de remboursement des médecins peuvent faire obstacle à la collecte des données administratives de facturation des médecins, ce qui
pourrait mener à des estimations biaisées de la prévalence et de l’incidence des maladies. L’ampleur de cette perte potentielle de données demeure cependant largement inconnue.
Notre étude vise à estimer l’exhaustivité de la couverture des cas de maladie pour le Manitoba par les médecins rémunérés à l’acte (RA) et par les médecins non rémunérés à l’acte
(NRA).

Méthods

Les donnés administratives du Manitoba ont servi à créer une cohorte dont
les membres (20 ans et plus) devaient avoir pris un nouveau médicament pour le diabète
entre le 1er avril 2007 et le 31 mars 2009. Ces membres ont été classés par mode de
paiement du médecin prescripteur (c’est-à-dire rémunérés à l’acte ou non rémunérés à
l’acte), puis selon s’ils avaient ou non reçu de diagnostic de diabète d’après les données
de facturation des médecins et des dossiers d’hôpitaux. On a utilisé des analyses
statistiques w2 pour tester les différences de caractéristiques entre les deux groupes.

Résultats

La cohorte se composait de 12 394 individus, dont 86,4 % avaient reçu une
ordonnance de médicament pour le diabète d’un médecin RA. Au total, 1 172 médecins
(81,8 % RA) ont prescrit ce type de médicaments pour la cohorte. Les membres de la
cohorte ayant reçu une ordonnance d’un médecin RA étaient plus âgés et plus susceptibles
de résider dans la région sanitaire de Winnipeg que ceux qui avaient reçu une ordonnance
d’un médecin NRA. Un plus grand pourcentage de cas traités par des médecins NRA
n’avait pas reçu de diagnostic de diabète (18,7 %, contre 14,9 % pour les médecins RA).

Conclusion

Les résultats suggèrent une perte minimale de données de facturation des médecins associée aux politiques de rémunération au Manitoba. Cette méthode
d’évaluation de l’exhaustivité des données pourrait être appliquée à d’autres maladies chroniques et à d’autres secteurs de compétence.
Regional variations in the economic burden attributable to excess weight, physical inactivity and tobacco smoking across British Columbia
Authors: Krueger H. , Koot J.M. , Rasali D.P. , Gustin S. E. , Pennock M.
Published: April 2017

Introduction

Prevalence rates of excess weight, tobacco smoking and physical inactivity
vary substantially by geographical region within British Columbia (B.C.). The purpose of
this study is to determine the potential reduction in economic burden in B.C. if all regions
in the province achieved prevalence rates of these three risk factors equivalent to those of
the region with the lowest rates.

Methods

We used a previously developed approach based on population-attributable
fractions to estimate the economic burden associated with the various risk factors. Sexspecific
relative risk and age/sex-specific prevalence data was used in the modelling.

Results

The annual economic burden attributable to the three risk factors in B.C. was
about $5.6 billion in 2013, with a higher proportion of this total attributable to excess
weight ($2.6 billion) than to tobacco smoking ($2.0 billion). While B.C. has lower
prevalence rates of the risk factors than any other Canadian province, there is significant
variation within the province. If each region in the province were to achieve the best
prevalence rates for the three risk factors, then $1.4 billion (24% of the $5.6 billion) in
economic burden could be avoided annually.

Conclusion

There are notable disparities in the prevalence of each risk factor across
health regions within B.C., which were mirrored in each region’s attributable economic
burden. A variety of social, environmental and economic factors likely drive some of this
geographical variation and these underlying factors should be considered when
developing prevention programs.
Écarts régionaux dans le fardeau économique attribuable au surplus de poids, à la sédentarité et à l’usage du tabac en Colombie-Britannique
Authors: Krueger H. , Koot J.M. , Rasali D.P. , Gustin S.E. , Pennock M.
Published: April 2017

Introduction

Les taux de prévalence du surplus de poids, de l’usage du tabac et de la sédentarité varient sensiblement d’une région à l’autre en Colombie-Britannique (C.-B.). La présente étude
vise à déterminer la portée d’une éventuelle réduction du fardeau économique en C.-B. si toutes les régions de la province atteignaient des taux de prévalence équivalents à ceux de
la région dont les taux sont les plus bas pour ces trois facteurs de risque.

Méthodologie

Nous avons utilisé une approche élaborée précédemment fondée sur la fraction étiologique du risque pour estimer le fardeau économique associé aux divers facteurs de
risque. Le risque relatif selon le sexe et les données de prévalence selon l’âge et le sexe ont été utilisés dans la modélisation.

Résultats

Le fardeau économique annuel attribuable à ces trois facteurs de risque en C.-B. s’élevait à environ 5,6 milliards de dollars en 2013, la proportion la plus élevée de ce
total étant attribuable au surplus de poids (2,6 milliards), suivie de celle de l’usage du tabac (2 milliards). Même si la C.-B. possède des taux de prévalence de ces facteurs de
risque plus bas que toute autre province canadienne, il existe d’importants écarts en son sein. Si chaque région de la province devait atteindre les taux de prévalence les plus bas
pour les trois facteurs de risque, un fardeau économique de 1,4 milliard (24 % du total de 5,6 milliards) pourrait être supprimé annuellement.

Conclusion

Il existe des disparités notables dans la prévalence de chacun des facteurs de risque au sein des régions sanitaires de la C.-B., qui se reflètent dans le fardeau
économique attribuable à chaque région. Un éventail de facteurs sociaux, environnementaux et économiques expliquent probablement une partie de ces écarts géographiques, et ces
facteurs sous-jacents devraient être pris en compte lors de la mise en place de programmes de prévention.
KESELAMATAN KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN, TINJAUAN DARI ASPEK REGULASI NASIONAL DAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Suwardjo Djodjo , Haluan John , Jaya Indra , Poernomo Soen'an H.
Published: April 2017

Pekerjaan pada kapal penangkap ikan merupakan pekerjaan yang tergolong membahayakan dibanding pekerjaan lain, maka profesi pelaut kapal penangkap ikan memiliki karakteristik pekerjaan “3d” yaitu: membahayakan (dangerous), kotor (dirty) dan sulit (difficult) dengan ketiga sifat pekerjaan tersebut ditambah faktor ukuran kapal yang didominasi kapal-kapal berukuran relatif kecil, berlayar pada perairan gelombang tinggi dengan kondisi cuaca tidak menentu sehingga dapat meningkatkan tingkat kecelakaan kapal penangkap ikan. Keselamatan kapal penangkap ikan merupakan interaksi faktor-faktor yang kompleks, yakni human factor (nakhoda dan anak buah kapal), machines (kapal dan peralatan keselamatan) dan enviromental (cuaca dan skim pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan). Permasalahan keselamatan atau kecelakaan akan timbul apabila salah satu elemen dari human factor, machines atau enviromental factor tersebut tidak berfungsi. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi peraturan keselamatan kapal penangkap ikan pada tingkat nasional dan internasional serta keterkaitan kebijakan keselamatan kapal penangkap ikan dan kapal niaga. Penelitian dilaksanakan Mei 2008 – Maret 2009. Data primer diperoleh dari berbagai sumber, seperti Badan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan, Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Tangkap, Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Tegal Sari Kota Tegal, Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Pekalongan, Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Cilacap dan Kementerian Perhubungan. Kebijakan keselamatan kapal penangkap ikan pada dasarnya mencakup kebijakan kelaikan kapal, dinas jaga kapal/pengawakan kapal, dan pencegahan polusi laut dari kegiatan kapal penangkap ikan, baik pada tataran nasional maupun internasional. Pengaturan kelaikan dan dinas jaga kapal/pengawakan kapal penangkap ikan merupakan pengawasan atau kontrol dari pemerintah terhadap pihak yang terlibat dalam kegiatan penangkapan ikan untuk meningkatkan keselamatan jiwa, harta benda dan lingkungan laut. Mengingat karakteristik pekerjaan pada kapal penangkap ikan membahayakan awak kapal dan lingkungan sosial lebih kompleks, serta jumlah nelayan yang begitu banyak, maka di Indonesia, pengaturan tentang kelaiklautan kapal, dinas jaga kapal/pengawakan kapal, pendidikan, pelatihan dan sertifikasi awak kapal, kepelautan kapal perikanan dan pelabuhan perikanan sebaiknya diatur tersendiri, sebagaimana pengaturan pada tataran internasional telah diatur terpisah dari pengaturan kapal niaga
PEMETAAN DAN KLASIFIKASI SEDIMEN DENGAN INSTRUMEN SIDE SCAN SONAR DI PERAIRAN BALONGAN, INDRAMAYU-JAWA BARAT
Authors: Charnila Dwi , Manik Henry M.
Published: April 2017

Berdasarkan hasil deteksi dasar laut menggunakan side scan sonar dalam pencitraan benda-benda di dasar laut dapat menghasilkan berbagai variasi gambar yang digunakan untuk pencitraan objek-objek dasar laut, selain itu dapat memberikan informasi dalam pengembangan wilayah pantai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah visualisasi atau pemetaan dasar perairan dan klasifikasi sedimen atau objek di dasar laut secara kualitatif, sehingga dapat diketahui keadaan dasar laut. Interpretasi dan klasifikasi data akustik side scan sonar dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan software Sonar Pro untuk melihat bentuk geometris dan keunikan dari suatu objek. Pengambilan contoh sedimen dilakukan pada 6 jalur transek dengan jarak antar transek 0.5 km. Setiap transek terdapat 3 buah stasiun sampel sedimen dan jumlah total adalah 18 sampel sedimen. Berdasarkan hasil pemetaan dasar laut daerah Balongan terdapat buangan sedimen, paritan dan kerukan sedimen, selain itu terdapat objek seperti box, mooring, potongan pipa, tali, pole.
ANALISIS FAKTOR INTERNAL - EKSTERNAL DAN STATUS KEBERLANJUTAN PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI TELUK JAKARTA
Authors: Radarwati Siti , Baskoro Mulyono S. , Monintja Daniel R. , Purbayanto Ari
Published: April 2017

Perikanan tangkap di Teluk Jakarta sangat berperan dalam mengangkat perekonomian dan kehidupan masyarakat di lokasi, namun selain produksi perikanan yang cenderung menurun dan tingkat pencemaran yang tinggi di perairannya, terkadang aktifitas perikanan tangkap berbenturan dengan fungsi konservasi di Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan faktor internal dan eksternal pengelolaan, identifikasi status keberlanjutan kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di Teluk Jakarta dan strategi pengembangan pengelolaannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah analisis matriks IFAS, EFAS dan SFAS, analisis matriks IE, dan analisis matriks SWOT. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 17 (tujuh belas) faktor yang mempengaruhi kegiatan perikanan tangkap di Teluk Jakarta baik dari dimensi ekologi, biologi, ekonomi, sosial maupun teknologi. Hasil skor matriks IFAS,EFAS dan SFAS seluruhnya termasuk kategori ”kurang baik” dengan total skor berturut-turut 2,529 untuk faktor internal, 2,747 untuk faktor eksternal dan 2.152 untuk SFAS. Status keberlanjutan pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di Teluk Jakarta ditunjukkan dalam matriks IE berada pada sel V, dikategorikan dalam tahap pertumbuhan yang memerlukan strategi konsentrasi secara horizontal. Beberapa strategi yang penting mendukung keberlanjutan pengelolaan tersebut adalah pemberdayaan SDM, peningkatan kualitas produk, peningkatan kemampuan nelayan mandiri, peningkatan pengawasan melekat, penyuluhan kepada nelayan, manajemen terpadu untuk mempertahankan fungsi ekosistem perairan, standarisasi terhadap perikanan skala kecil, dan pengaturan hari operasi dengan penerapan closed-open season.
PERBEDAAN BAHAN ATRAKTOR TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN IKAN PELAGIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PAYANG BUGIS DI PERAIRAN PASAURAN, PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Yusfiandayani Roza
Published: April 2017

Rumpon laut dangkal sebagai alat bantu dalam penangkapan ikan di perairan sekitar Pasauran, Selat Sunda telah lama dan semakin banyak digunakan di Indonesia untuk menangkap ikan pelagis. Karakteristik komposisi jenis, ukuran dan Tingkat Kematangan Gonad (TKG) ikan pelagis yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon dengan menggunakan tiga bahan atraktor yang berbeda yaitu daun kelapa (Cocos nucifera), daun pinang (Nypa fructican) dan daun nipah (Areca catechu) akan menentukan apakah pengaruh bahan atraktor yang digunakan akan membahayakan kelestarian ikan pelagis yang berasosiasi. Identifikasi dan komposisi panjang, berat dan TKG ikan pelagis dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan atraktor yang berbeda pada setiap musim dalam penelitian ini. Experimental fishing dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat tangkap payang Bugis. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa atraktor daun kelapa merupakan bahan atraktor yang terbaik yang dapat digunakan sebagai atraktor pada rumpon dilihat dari hasil tangkapan serta daya tahan di suatu perairan pada setiap musim. TKG ikan pelagis kecil yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon memiliki TKG I 4%, TKG II 33%, TKG III 35%, TKG IV 25% dan TKG V 3%. Ikan hasil tangkapan di sekitar rumpon dengan bahan atraktor yang berbeda memiliki TKG I-III sebesar 72% sehingga dapat dipastikan bahwa ikan-ikan yang berkumpul dan tertangkap di sekitar rumpon adalah ikan yang belum memijah atau belum dewasa, sehingga ikan tersebut tidak sempat melakukan reproduksi
PELUANG PENGEMBANGAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Septifitri Septifitri , Monintja Daniel R. , Wisudo Sugeng Hari , Martasuganda Sulaeman
Published: April 2017

Provinsi Sumatera Selatan sejak tahun 2000 mulai mengelola sumberdaya perikanan secara terpisah dengan Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Kontribusi Bangka Belitung di sektor perikanan terhadap Provinsi Sumatera Selatan pada tahun 1999 sebesar 72%. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian terhadap peluang pengembangan perikanan di sekitar perairan Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2006 sampai Juli 2006 di dua kabupaten yaitu Kabupaten Ogan Komiring Ilir dan Kabupaten Banyuasin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komoditi unggulan di provinsi Sumatera Selatan adalah udang, kepiting, manyung dan golok-golok. Komoditi unggulan ini masih memiliki peluang yang besar untuk dikembangkan karena tingkat pemanfaatannya masih berkisar antara 58,42% – 66,77%. Jenis alat tangkap trammelnet, jarring insang hanyut dan bagan tancap merupakan alat tangkap prioritas terbaik untuk dikembangkan berdasarkan analisis dengan metode scoring dengan mempertimbangkan aspek biologi, teknis, sosial dan ekonomi
ZONASI GEOMORFOLOGI DAN KOREKSI KOLOM AIR UNTUK PEMETAAN SUBSTRAT DASAR MENGGUNAKAN CITRA QUICKBIRD
Authors: Selamat Muhammad Banda , Jaya Indra , Siregar Vincentius P. , Hestirianoto Totok
Published: April 2017

Salah satu kelemahan metode koreksi kolom air adalah dapat memunculkan bias dalam estimasi rasio koefisien atenuasi.  Bias ini berkontribusi pada nilai akurasi tematik peta substrat dasar. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan zonasi geomorfologi untuk meningkatkan akurasi tematik peta substrat yang dihasilkan dari metode koreksi kolom air.  Nilai piksel citra Quickbird dikonversi ke radiansi dan dilanjutkan dengan koreksi kolom air untuk menghasilkan peta substrat dasar dengan tiga tema: substrat dominan pasir, lamun dan karang.  Data lapangan dikelompokkan menggunakan metode Bray curtis dan menjadi dasar bagi reklasifikasi.  Profil geomorfologi dicitra disadap dari gabungan kanal hijau dan merah, mengacu pada hasil survei batimetri.  Akurasi tematik metode kombinasi ini dapat mencapai lebih dari 80%.
PEMANFAATAN SILASE KERING AMPAS TAHU UNTUK PAKAN IKAN NILA MERAH (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Tribina Arif
Published: April 2017

Upaya pemanfaatan pakan agar efisien dalam penggunaannya pada usaha budidaya adalah dengan menyediakan pakan berkualitas dalam jumlah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan untuk kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan ikan yang dipelihara. Jumlah pemberian pakan yang optimum adalah jumlah pemberian pakan yang paling efisien untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan dan paling efisien rasio konversi pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui respon pertumbuhan ikan Nila merah yang diberi pakan dengan jumlah yang berbeda, dan (2) mengetahui jumlah pemberian pakan yang optimum untuk ikan Nila merah (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan jumlah pemberian pakan yang berbeda yaitu : A = 3% dari biomassa/hari; B = 5% dari biomassa/hari; C = 7% dari biomassa/hari; dan D = 9% dari biomassa/hari. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jumlah pemberian pakan yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan pesat ikan Nila merah dan konversi pakan. Jumlah pakan yang memberikan laju pertumbuhan optimum dan konversi pakan yang terbaik adalah 4,47% dari biomassa/hari (44,7g/1 kg ikan/hari), (Perlakuan B).
ANALISIS LOGIT KEPUTUSAN PERILAKU ILLEGAL FISHING NELAYAN PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA BRONDONG JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Tiwiw Clara , Monintja Daniel R. , Fauzi Akhmad , Soewardi Kadarwan , Nikijuluw Victor P.H.
Published: April 2017

Kegiatan illegal fishing pada dasarnya tidak saja dilakukan oleh nelayan asing tetapi juga dilakukan oleh nelayan-nelayan Indonesia dengan ukuran kapal yang relatif kecil yaitu dibawah 30 Gross Tone (GT).  Ukuran kapal yang kecil lepas dari analisis kegiatan ilegal, padahal dalam jumlah kapal yang banyak dengan kapasitas yang kecil tentu akan memberikan masalah besar bagi pengelolaan sumber daya ikan di Indonesia. Nelayan yang bermukim di Brondong Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu contoh yang lebih memiliki untuk melakukan kegiatan illegal fishing dengan menurunkan ukuran kapal yaitu menurunkan GT.  Kegiatan penangkapan ikan secara ilegal dilakukan karena beban ekonomi untuk pengurusan yang cukup tinggi dan tata cara pemgurusan perijinan yang sangat merepotkan merupakan alasan utama nelayan Brondong.
Les stratégies de légitimation morale de l’innovation
Authors: Ben Slimane Karim , Diridollou Cédric
Published: April 2017

Dans les activités moralement contestables, à l’instar de celle des services funéraires, la légitimité morale est considérée comme un enjeu central. Cependant, la littérature a occulté les stratégies de légitimation dans le cadre d’innovations dans ce type d’activités. Ce travail aspire à combler ce manque dans la littérature en étudiant le cas de l’introduction de la transmission des cérémonies funéraires via Internet en France. Il met à jour quatre stratégies adoptées par les acteurs du secteur. Il s’agit des stratégies de rassurance, utilitariste, téléologique et d’humanisation.
Questionner la création de valeur économique des sites dedark tourism
Authors: Liarte Sébastien , Virgili Sandrine
Published: April 2017

Ledark tourism,c’est-à-dire la forme de tourisme liée aux endroits associés à la mort, connaît actuellement un certain engouement. En raison de ce succès, les sites dedark tourismcréent de plus en plus de valeur économique tant pour les entrepreneurs que pour les pouvoirs publics. Toutefois, la création et l’exploitation d’une activité économique liée audark tourismn’est pas sans soulever un certain nombre de questions. L’objectif de cet article1est de s’interroger tant sur les sources possibles de création de valeur économique que sur les spécificités, voire les limites à ne pas dépasser, dans cette quête. L’étude de la mise en tourisme du site du World Trade Center à New York permet d’aboutir à des recommandations managériales concernant ces sites spécifiques.
A Management Algorithm for Mitomycin C Induced Cystitis
Authors: Luckenbaugh Amy N. , Marks Rory M. , Miller David C. , Weizer Alon Z. , Stoffel John T. , Montgomery Jeffrey S.
Published: April 2017

Background/Objective: A post-bladder tumor resection dose of MMC can reduce non-invasive papillary (pTa) bladder cancer recurrences by up to 40%; this treatment is recommended in both the AUA and EUA non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer guidelines. A common complication of this treatment is eosinophilic cystitis. Symptoms range from mild urinary frequency and urgency to debilitating pain and dysuria. Currently, there is no established treatment algorithm for MMC-induced cystitis.

Methods: Members of the Urologic Surgery Quality Collaborative (USQC), a group composed of over 160 private and academic urologists, met to discuss the management of patients with cystitis following MMC therapy. They devised a treatment algorithm based on experiences of urologic oncologists and neurourologists to aid in the diagnosis and management of MMC-induced cystitis.

Results: The assessment begins with urinalysis and culture, followed by cystoscopy. For mild symptoms, behavioral therapy, including timed voids, fluid restriction and Kegel exercises are trialed. If symptoms have not resolved, treatment with an antihistamine, followed by a combination of anticholinergic and alpha-blocker medications. For persistent symptoms or severe symptoms at presentation, a course of prednisone plus antihistamine is prescribed. If symptoms are improving but have not resolved, this treatment is extended for a full 4 weeks prior to steroid taper. If symptoms do not improve, any visible bladder ulcerations are resected intraoperatively followed by an additional course of prednisone and antihistamine. Intravesical DMSO instillations and intra-ulcer steroid injection can be used as a final effort to treat this condition.

Conclusion: We present the first formal management algorithm with escalating treatment intensity tailored to patient symptoms.
Single Arm Phase I/II Study of Everolimus and Intravesical Gemcitabine in Patients with Primary or Secondary Carcinoma In Situ of the Bladder who failed Bacillus Calmette Guerin (NCT01259063)
Authors: Dalbagni Guido , Benfante Nicole , Sjoberg Daniel D. , Bochner Bernard H. , Machele Donat S. , Herr Harry W. , Mc Coy Asia S. , Fahrner Alicia J. , Retinger Caitlyn , Rosenberg Jonathan E. , Bajorin Dean F.
Published: April 2017

Background: Standard treatment for BCG-refractory urothelial cancer is radical cystectomy. Identification of active agents is clearly warranted.

Objective: To determine a safe dose of oral everolimus in combination with standard intravesical gemcitabine and to evaluate the efficacy of this combination.

Methods: Patients with carcinoma in situ refractory to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin and refusing cystectomy were eligible. Patients in the phase I part of the trial received one of three dose levels of oral everolimus. Patients also received a fixed dose of intravesical gemcitabine. Maintenance everolimus was given for 12 months in patients achieving a complete response confirmed by cystoscopy and cytology. Patients in phase II received continuous everolimus administered at 10 mg daily with intravesical gemcitabine followed by everolimus maintenance for 12 months of total therapy. The enrollment goal for the phase II was 33 patients.

Results: 14 patients were enrolled in phase I of the trial. 23 patients were enrolled in phase II of the trial and 19 were evaluable for primary and secondary endpoints. Four patients withdrew consent prior to treatment initiation. Of the 19 patients evaluable for response, 3 (16%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3% – 40%) were disease free at 1 yr. The probability of RFS was 20% (95% CI 5% – 42%) at 12 months. Ten patients out of 19 had grade 3 or greater toxicity events. Seven withdrew consent or were taken off study.

Conclusions: Many patients withdrew, and enrollment was halted. Continuous oral everolimus plus intravesical gemcitabine was not well tolerated in this patient population where the threshold for tolerability is low.
On the Link between Diesel Spray Asymmetry and Off-Axis Needle Displacement
Authors: Chiatti Giancarlo , Chiavola Ornella , Frezzolini Pierluigi , Palmieri Fulvio
Published: April 2017

Cutting edge experiments and thorough investigations have pointed out that radial components affect the needle lift of diesel nozzles. So far, the effects of such needle “off-axis” have been investigated within the nozzle and immediately downstream from the hole outlet. Here, the focus has been extended to the spray ambient, far outside a multi-hole VCO (Valve Covered Orifice) nozzle. A reference off-axis configuration of the needle has been defined and used to investigate its effects on the spray, in terms of hole-to-hole differences. Indeed, the spray alterations due to the needle position have been addressed for those factors, such as the velocity-coefficient CV and the area-coefficient CA, able to describe the nozzle flow behavior under needle off-axis. The investigation has been based on 3D-CFD (three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics) campaigns. The modeling of diesel nozzle flow has been interfaced to the Eulerian–Eulerian near-nozzle spray simulation, initializing the break-up model on the basis of the transient flow conditions at each hole outlet section. The dense spray simulation has been on-line coupled to the Eulerian–Lagrangian modeling of the dilute spray region. Quantitative results on each fuel spray have been provided (in terms of penetration and Sauter Mean Diameter). The range of variability within the spray characteristics are expected to vary has been found and reported, providing reference information for lumped parameter models and other related investigations.
Helicopter Blade-Vortex Interaction Airload and Noise Prediction Using Coupling CFD/VWM Method
Authors: Zhao Yinyu , Shi Yongjie , Xu Guohua
Published: April 2017

As a high resolution airload with accurate rotor wake is pivotal for rotor BVI (Blade-vortex interaction) analysis, a hybrid method with combined Navier-Stokes equation, viscous wake model, and FW-H (Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings) equation is developed for BVI airload and noise in this paper. A comparison with the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)/FW-H method for the AH-1/OLS (Operational Load Survey) rotor demonstrates its capability for favorable accuracy and high computation efficiency. This paper further discusses the mechanisms for the impacts of four flight parameters (i.e., tip-path-plane angle, thrust coefficient, tip Mach number, advance ratio) on BVI noise. Under the BVI condition, several BVI events concurrently occur on the rotor disk. Each interaction has a distinct radiation direction which depends on the interaction azimuth, and its noise intensity is highly associated with the characteristic parameters (e.g., miss-distance, interaction angle, vortex strength). The BVI noise is dominated by the interactions at 30–90° in azimuth on the advancing side, of which the wake angle range is from 180° to 540°. Furthermore, the tip-path-plane angle, thrust coefficient, and tip Mach number change the noise intensity mainly via miss-distance, interaction angle, and vortex strength, but for different advance ratios, the noise intensity and propagation direction are more dependent on the interaction angle and interaction azimuth.
Flow Measurement by Lateral Resonant Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography in the Spectral Domain
Authors: Walther Julia , Koch Edmund
Published: April 2017

In spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), any transverse motion component of a detected obliquely moving sample results in a nonlinear relationship between the Doppler phase shift and the axial sample velocity restricting phase-resolved Doppler OCT (PR-DOCT). The size of the deviation from the linear relation depends on the amount of the transverse velocity component, given by the Doppler angle, and the height of the absolute sample velocity. Especially for very small Doppler angles between the horizontal and flow direction, and high flow velocities, the detected Doppler phase shift approaches a limiting value, making an unambiguous measurement of the axial sample velocity by PR-DOCT impossible. To circumvent this limitation, we propose a new method for resonant Doppler flow quantification in spectral domain OCT, where the scanner movement velocity is matched with the transverse velocity component of the sample motion similar to a tracking shot, where the camera is moved with respect to the sample. Consequently, the influence of the transverse velocity component of the tracked moving particles on the Doppler phase shift is negligible and the linear relation between the phase shift and the axial velocity component can be considered for flow velocity calculations. The proposed method is verified using flow phantoms on the basis of 1% Intralipid solution and diluted human blood.
Functional Surfaces in Biology; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 2009; 2 Vols.; Edited by Stanislav N. Gorb
Authors: Nachtigall Werner
Published: April 2017

The editor of these book, Stanislav N. Gorb, is one of the most well-known experts in his field—especially in biological adhesion phenomena and the function of biological surfaces in general.[...]
Phenomenology of the Neutral-Ionic Valence Instability in Mixed Stack Charge-Transfer Crystals
Authors: Masino Matteo , Castagnetti Nicola , Girlando Alberto
Published: April 2017

Organic charge-transfer (CT) crystals constitute an important class of functional materials, characterized by the directional charge-transfer interaction between π -electron Donor (D) and Acceptor (A) molecules, with the formation of one-dimensional ...DADAD... stacks. Among the many different and often unique phenomena displayed by this class of crystals, Neutral-Ionic phase transition (NIT) occupies a special place, as it implies a collective electron transfer along the stack. The analysis of such a complex yet fascinating phenomenon has required many years of investigation, and still presents some open questions and challenges. We present an updated and extensive summary of the phenomenology of the temperature induced NIT, with emphasis on the spectroscopic signatures of the transition. A much shorter summary is given for the NIT induced by pressure. Finally, we report on the exploration, by chemical substitution, of the phase space of ...DADAD... CT crystals, aimed at finding materials with important semiconducting or ferroelectric properties, and at understanding the subtle factors determining the crystal packing.
Watching Eyes and Living up to Expectations: Unkind, Not Kind, Eyes Increase First Mover Cooperation in a Sequential Prisoner’s Dilemma
Authors: Pauwels Loren , Declerck Carolyn , Boone Christophe
Published: April 2017

(1) Background: Why and when images of watching eyes encourage prosocial behavior is still subject to discussion, and two recent meta-analyses show no effect of watching eyes on generosity. This study aims to discern the effect of watching eyes of different valence on two separate aspects of prosocial behavior, and additionally investigates whether individuals’ social value orientation moderates the effect of eyes. (2) Methods: Individuals take on the role of either a first or second mover in an incentivized, anonymous sequential prisoner’s dilemma (n = 247), a two-person game which separates the need to form expectations about the other player (first mover cooperation, trust) from the motive of greed (second mover cooperation, reciprocity). During decision-making, a picture of either kind eyes, unkind eyes, or a control picture is presented above each decision matrix. (3) Results: The results indicate that unkind eyes, and not kind eyes, significantly boost first mover cooperation. In contrast, neither type of eye cues increase second mover cooperation. Social value orientation does not moderate these effects. (4) Conclusions: Thus, the data suggest that the valence of eye cues matters, and we propose that unkind eyes urge first movers to live up to the interaction partner’s expectations.
The Influence of Cryogenic Mass Exchange on the Composition and Stabilization Rate of Soil Organic Matter in Cryosols of the Kolyma Lowland (North Yakutia, Russia)
Authors: Lupachev Alexey , Abakumov Evgeny , Gubin Stanislav
Published: April 2017

Soil organic matter (SOM) was studied in different types of organo-mineral material (from surface horizons and partially isolated materials—cryoturbated or buried horizons) sampled from the surface horizons, the central parts of the Cryosol profiles, and the lower active layer. We found that the humic acids (HAs) of the cryoturbated and buried horizons showed an increased degree of oxidation and an increment of alkylaromatic and protonized aromatic fraction content. In contrast, the HAs of the surface horizons showed increased values of alkylic carbon components. The content of free radicals was essentially higher in the surface layers than in the cryoturbated and buried layers. While the bulk soil organic matter composition (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and aromatic/aliphatic values) was not essentially different between surface, cryoturbated, and buried horizons, there were essential differences in elemental composition, carbon species, and free radical content. This indicates that the degree of humification in cryoturbated and buried organo-mineral material is higher than in surface horizons and that partial isolation results in relative stabilization of such material in soil profiles.