bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Microcredit to Artisanal Fishing in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis Western Region of Ghana
Authors: Okyere Daniel Odei , Coleman Martha , Amoateng Emmanuel
Published: June 2016

Inadequate supply of credit is an important constraint to enhancing production in many developing countries. Making credit available to rural households in general and fishers in particular, is thus considered essential to promote economic development. This study examined how microcredit can improve output of artisanal fishers in the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis. Specifically, the study examined the importance of microcredit from the perspective of artisanal fishers, the effect of microcredit on the standard of living of artisanal fishers and how microcredits are utilised by artisanal fishers to enhance output. The study revealed that microcredit was an important contributor to the success of the business of the artisanal fishers.
Thrombosis in Centrifugal Pumps: Location and Composition in Clinical and in Vitro Circuits
Authors: Hastings Susan M. , Deshpande Shriprasad R. , Wagoner Scott , Maher Kevin , Ku David N.
Published: June 2016

Purpose

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a form of cardiopulmonary mechanical life support for critically ill patients. ECMO is burdened by both thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. Recently there has been a clinical shift from roller pumps to centrifugal pumps. In this study, we report on bulk thrombus formation within pumps recovered from clinical use. We then replicate this thrombus formation in vitro.

Methods

Clinical pediatric ECMO circuits driven with the Sorin Revolution were collected from 16 patients. The location and extent of thrombus formation in the pumps were recorded. Pump heads were also tested in a laboratory circulatory loop. The location, extent, and appearance of the thrombi were recorded. Thrombi were examined histologically using Carstairs' stain.

Results

Gross thrombus was observed in all pump heads at the stainless steel bearing at the inlet. In 19% of the pumps larger thrombi grew into the head over the cone and along the vanes. The thrombi were adherent and cohesive upon extraction. The thrombus formation was strikingly similar between the clinical pump heads and in vitro pump heads. Histology of both clinical and experimental samples exhibited a platelet-rich thrombus.

Conclusions

Our studies have revealed platelet-rich thrombus in clinical and in vitro circuits. The location and composition of the thrombi suggest that the exposed metal shaft was initially covered by contact activated coagulation followed by large-scale growth by rapid platelet accumulation from high shear rates at the inlet. The in vitro system may be used to further identify the mechanisms for pump thrombus and test new designs.
Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectovaginal Endometriosis: A Retrospective Descriptive Study from a Single Centre
Authors: Siebert Igno , van der Merwe Kobie , Gooding Matt S. , Kruger Thinus F. , Cluver Cathy A.
Published: June 2016

Introduction

Rectovaginal endometriosis is a form of deep infiltrating endometriosis and accounts for 5%-10% of cases. It is a very difficult to treat and can be associated with severe complications.

Objectives

The aim was to document the outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for rectovaginal endometriosis.

Methods

A retrospective audit of 112 consecutive women undergoing laparoscopic surgery for rectovaginal endometriosis at Vincent Pallotti's Aevitas Fertility Clinic was undertaken. Women were identified from a surgical database using medical aid coding and a review of case notes. Patients were telephonically contacted to gather missing information and to assess further outcomes.

Results

The majority of surgeries were performed using the shaving technique, in keeping with international trends, whilst fourteen cases required a segmental resection owing to extensive disease. Complications included rectovaginal fistulas (3 cases), bowel injuries (2 cases), ureteric injury (1 case), a pelvic abscess (1 case), a blood transfusion (1 case) and the need for three urgent re-operations. Of the 71 patients desiring fertility, 39 (54.9%) fell pregnant. Twenty-seven (69.2%) were spontaneous conceptions.

Conclusions

Our outcomes are in keeping with complication rates quoted in the international literature. In trained hands, laparoscopic surgery at our unit is a valid option in the management of rectovaginal endometriosis with similar complication rates and outcomes to international standards.
A method for spatially moving correlation analysis
Authors: Bølviken Bjørn
Published: June 2016

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P300 brain potential among workers exposed to organic solvents
Authors: Moen Bente E. , Riise Trond , Kyvik Knut Rasmus
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYThe P300 component of the auditory event-related brain potential was examined in a group of 11workers exposed to low levels of organic solvents in a paint factory and 11 unexposed controls beforeand after 3 weeks of summer vacation. The P300 latency time was found to be prolonged among theexposed workers compared to the reference group before the summer vacation, and to be significantlylonger before the vacation than after in the exposed group.The P300 component was also examined in a group of 85 seamen from chemical tankers, experiencingpeak exposures to organic solvents. They were compared to a reference group of unexposedseamen. Comparing these two groups, no difference was found in the P300 latency time. No relationshipbetween the P300 latency time and exposure was found in a multiple regression analysis, includingthe variables age, alcohol consumption, smoking and cerebral concussions.The study indicates the occurrence of an acute biological effect in the nervous system related toorganic solvent exposure, expressed by prolonged P300 latency time. This was found at very lowexposure levels and should be studied further.
Lungekreft i Norge 1972–1996, forekomst og overlevelse. Kjønnsulikheter og regionale forskjeller
Authors: Mellingsæter Marte R. , Thor Steinar Ø.
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGMed utgangspunkt i Kreftregisterets database har vi studert forekomst av lungekreft i Norge i perioden1972-96, og spesielt sett på regionale ulikheter og forskjeller mellom kjønnene. Vi har også sett påendringer i overlevelsen av lungekreft i samme periode. Med unntak av i Oslo har insidensraten økt ialle regioner for begge kjønn, men mest i Agderfylkene. Agderfylkene har i siste del av perioden, 1992-96, høyeste insidensrate for både kvinner og menn, henholdsvis 21 og 45 pr. 100 000. Dette erbetydelig høyere enn insidensraten for hele landet som er henholdsvis 15,3 og 35,5 pr. 100 000. I Oslohar det blant menn vært en nedgang i insidens som startet i perioden 1977-81. Lungekreft skyldes i allhovedsak røyking, og de tallene vi observerer nå avspeiler røykevanene i befolkningen flere tiår tilbake.Vi vet at tobakksforbruket økte frem til 1950 for begge kjønn, for deretter å avta, men med en ny toppblant kvinner rundt 1970. Den relative overlevelsen har endret seg lite fra 1972-76 til 1992-96, men detgår noe bedre med pasienter diagnostisert i stadium 1 og 2 i siste del av perioden.Mellingsæter MR, Thoresen SØ. Incidence and survival in lung cancer in Norway 1972-1996:  ENGLISH SUMMARYOur task has been the incidence of lung cancer in Norway for the period 1972 to 1996, with the focuson differences both geographically and within the genders. Accordingly, we have studied the survivalrates for lung cancer in general in Norway for the same period. The present study is based on data fromthe Norwegian Cancer Registry, which is nation-wide and population based. There has been an increasein the incidence rate in all geographic regions for both sexes in the period, with the steepest increase inthe Agder counties of Norway. The exception is Oslo county. The Agder counties had the highestincidence rate for both sexes in the last part of the period, 1992–1996, significantly higher than theincidence rates for the country as whole. In Oslo the men’s incidence rate has dropped since the period1977–1981. Lung cancer is mainly due to smoking, and our figures mirror the smoking habitsthroughout several decades in the Norwegian population. We know that the tobacco consumptionincreased for both sexes up to 1950. However, the female smokers faced an actual higher top around1970. The five year overall survival changed slightly from 1972–1976 to 1992–1996, however,showing a minor improvement for patients diagnosed in stage 1 and 2 in the last period.Nor J Epidemiol 1999; 9 (2): 107-111Gender and regional differences.
Infant mortality and mortality from arteriosclerotic heart disease
Authors: Waaler Hans Th. , Guldvog Bjørn
Published: June 2016

Objective:  Design:  Setting:  Main results:  Conclusions:  If living conditions in childhood as indicated by infant mortality in a cohort is a validcausative factor for later cardiovascular mortality in the same cohorts, almost 1/2 of the reduction incardiovascular mortality from 1973-93 in Norway could be explained by this factor.For females up to 50% of the observed reduction in cardiovascular mortality from1973 to 1993 might be due to the Forsdahl effect. For males the corresponding figure is about 40%.Norway and Norwegian counties.Longitudinal observational study on mortality rates.To estimate how much of the fall in mortality from arteriosclerotic heart disease from1973 to 1993 that may be explained by the improved infant mortality experienced by these cohorts(Forsdahl effect).ABSTRACT
La guerra de Successió en el teatre i la poesia catalans de l’època
Authors: Vall i Solaz F. Xavier
Published: June 2016

Tot i la significació de la guerra de Successió als Països Catalans i l’abundant bibliografia sobre l’esdeveniment i les seves recreacions literàries posteriors, la literatura catalana d’aquest període no ha estat encara prou estudiada, malgrat algunes estimables aportacions. Com que mancava una aproximació de conjunt actualitzada, aquest article procura oferir un panorama, complex i amb noves dades, d’obres literàries catalanes escrites pels volts del conflicte i que s’hi refereixen, centrat sobretot en la poesia, però aporta també notícies del teatre. S’analitzen els textos relacionant-los amb les tendències literàries (especialment, el Barroc i els models populars) i la conjuntura històrica. Es tenen en compte els bàndols borbònic i austriacista, procurant donar una visió matisada de diferents actituds, que, a vegades, evolucionen. La mitificació té com a contrapunt la crítica burlesca o desolada.
Calvo Maturana, Antonio (2015). Impostores. Sombras en la España de las Luces
Authors: Aguilera Fernández Maria
Published: June 2016

Calvo Maturana, Antonio (2015)Impostores. Sombras en la España de las LucesMadrid: Cátedra. «Historia. Serie Mayor», 396 p.ISBN 9788437634210
Cases Ibáñez, Adrià (2015). Guerra i quotidianitat militar a la Catalunya del canvi dinàstic (1705-1714)
Authors: Palomo Reina Cristian
Published: June 2016

Cases Ibáñez, Adrià (2015)Guerra i quotidianitat militar a la Catalunya del canvi dinàstic (1705-1714)Barcelona: Fundació Noguera, 443 p.ISBN 978-84-9975-569-4
Olivari, Michele (2014). Avisos, pasquines y rumores. Los comienzos de la opinión pública en la España del siglo XVII
Authors: Betrán Moya José Luis
Published: June 2016

Olivari, Michele (2014)Avisos, pasquines y rumores. Los comienzos de la opinión pública en la España del siglo XVIIMadrid: Cátedra, 520 p.ISBN 978-8437633268
Monetizing Risk Helps Tulsa Optimize Capital Investment
Authors: De Stigter Jason , Arthur Joan , Edwards Clayton , Bond Matt , Powis Mat
Published: June 2016

Asset management using risk cost analytics is proving valuable in determining the most cost‐effective portfolio of projects to include in a five‐year capital improvement plan.
DBP Control in an Expanding Regional Water Supply System
Authors: Clark Thomas F.
Published: June 2016

A strategically placed water spray system is making the difference in maintaining safe levels of disinfection by‐products.
Mark B. Whitaker Water Treatment Plant: Maintaining History With Modern Advancements
Authors: May Andrea , Lane Kelly , Thomas Chris , Bolanos Santiago
Published: June 2016

Within the stately brick exterior of the 1927 Mark B. Whitaker Water Treatment plant are state‐of‐the‐art equipment and processes that provide high‐quality water to east tennessee.
Distribution Systems and Flint
Authors: McCuire Michael J.
Published: June 2016

Make no mistake about it. Lead service lines are part of a utility's distribution system. While there is some controversy about where a utility's responsibility ends, there is no question that the water quality and operational choices that a water system makes can affect lead concentrations delivered into a glass of water ‐ no matter if the lead service lines are on private property or not. There are more and more calls for full replacement of lead service lines without further delay.
Why Flint Matters
Authors: Rothstein Eric P.
Published: June 2016

The issues in flint will be long‐lasting locally, but the situation also has far‐reaching implications for the water utility industry as a whole.
Taking Stock of 40 Years of Research on Mathematical Learning Disability: Methodological Issues and Future Directions
Authors: Lewis Katherine E. , Fisher Marie B.
Published: June 2016

Although approximately 5–8% of students have a mathematical learning disability (MLD), researchers have yet to develop a consensus operational definition. To examine how MLD has been identified and what mathematics topics have been explored, we conducted a systematic review of 164 studies on MLD published between 1974 and 2013. Findings indicate that (a) there was great variability in the classification methods used, (b) studies rarely reported demographic differences between the MLD and typically achieving groups, and (c) studies overwhelmingly focused on elementary–aged students engaged in basic arithmetic calculation. To move the field toward a more precise and shared definition of MLD, we argue for standards for methodology and reporting, and we identify a need for research addressing more complex mathematics.
Graduate Teaching Assistants' Enactment of Reasoning-and-Proving Tasks in a Content Course for Elementary Teachers
Authors: Rogers Kimberly Cervello , Steele Michael D.
Published: June 2016

Graduate teaching assistants serve as instructors of record for numerous undergraduate courses every semester, including serving as teachers for mathematics content courses for elementary preservice teachers. In this study, we examine 6 teaching assistants' teaching practices in the context of a geometry content course for preservice teachers by focusing on their enactment of reasoning-and-proving tasks. Results indicate that teaching assistants engaged preservice teachers in a variety of reasoning-and-proving activities. For 42 of 82 tasks observed, preservice teachers' engagement in reasoningand-proving processes decreased relative to the potential for reasoning and proving in mathematical tasks. This investigation into teaching assistants' teaching practices identifies factors associated with their enactment of reasoning-and-proving tasks (e.g., generating student participation). This research has implications for professional development to support college mathematics instructors' teaching.
Gender inequalities in highly qualified professions: A social psychological analysis
Authors: Santos Maria Helena , Amâncio Lígia
Published: June 2016

Research in social and political psychology contributes towards understanding the persistence of job market gender segregation prevailing in recent decades, the consequences for those involved and their reactions when having to cope with gender inequality. Within the framework of the literature on shared ideologies that justify and legitimize discrimination against women, this article focuses on Portugal and analyses the particular case of women in two highly qualified professions traditionally carried out by men – politics and medicine. Drawing on the results of quantitative and qualitative studies, our analytical approach demonstrates how while a majority of participants show awareness of the existence of gender inequality in these markedly masculine professions, meritocratic individualism and personal attributions to discrimination are the recurring explanations rather than any gender-based account. These results allow us to highlight the relevance of gender-based analysis as an ideology and furthermore to argue that ignoring this perspective not only diminishes individual responsibility for social change but also perpetuates gender asymmetries.
Advanced Metering Infrastructure Underpins a Smart Water Utility
Authors: Hulsebosch Tom , McClung Tommy , Mulvaney Peter , Weeks Greg , Patelski Mike , Frank Alex
Published: June 2016

With advanced metering infrastructure, water utilities may add new capacities that aren't measured in millions of gallons per day but as new abilities and roles to better serve their citizens.
Optimize Storage Facility Operation to Maintain Water Quality
Authors: Martin Barb , Ries Tom
Published: June 2016

Water storage facilities are important components of many drinking water distribution systems. The stored volume of water can help provide adequate supply for fire protection, buffer fluctuations in water demand, and maintain adequate system pressure while playing an important role in protecting public health.
Effect of Music Interventions on Sedation in Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Clinical Trial
Authors: Mathur Ambika , Kamat Aarti , Philp Blythe , Tabb Jennifer , Thomas Ronald , Mahajan Prashant , Caldwell John , Kamat Deepak
Published: June 2016

Background: Although parenteral sedation is often required in MRI studies in children, it is stressful and increases the cost of healthcare.
Objectives: We evaluated the impact of music interventions in children receiving parenteral sedation for MRI studies on total number of doses of sedation medications, sedation time, levels of cortisol and cytokines, sedation success, adverse events, parental satisfaction, and cost savings.
Methods: We conducted a prospective open unblinded four-arm clinical evaluation of interventions on 471 children 1-12 years of age undergoing MRI and receiving parenteral sedation. Children were assigned to active music therapy (AMT), facilitated music listening (FML), and as comparison another intervention (child life intervention or CLI), or no intervention (NI); measures included number of doses of sedation medications, time of sedation, sedation success, adverse events, parental satisfaction, and salivary levels of the stress hormone cortisol and pro-inflammatory cytokines, before and after intervention.
Results: The total number of sedation doses, total sedation time, and levels of salivary cortisol and cytokines did not differ between the four groups. One FMLA choice, Wee Sing Animal Songs, resulted in significant decrease in total sedation time and reduction of associated costs.
Conclusions: The use of one type of FML led to decreased total sedation time in children. This is an important finding since FML is an inexpensive non-invasive intervention which could be of significant time and cost saving benefits.
Is Neck Circumference a Marker for Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Adolescents?
Authors: Faria Bruno , Escrivão Maria Arlete Meil Schimith , Nogueira Paulo Cesar Koch
Published: June 2016

Background: Weight excess has become a public health problem worldwide, reaching about 200 million children, of whom 40 to 50 million are obese. Obesity in childhood is associated with increased blood pressure (BP), high triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol and abnormal glucose metabolism. Visceral fat is a stronger predictor of metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular risk than total body adiposity. Assessment of neck circumference (NC) is an easy method, which can serve as screening to identify individuals with weight excess. Our study aim was to examine associations between NC with BP values, lipid profile, blood glucose and fasting insulin in obese adolescents and verify the reproducibility of measurements of NC.
Methods: 82 adolescents aged 10 to 17 years were included in the study, being 43 (22 boys and 21 girls) with obesity and 39 with normal weight (20 boys and 19 girls).
Results: Significant associations were observed between NC and BMI, BP, HDL cholesterol, insulin and HOMA-IR. Disagreement between both observers for NC was observed in 5.2% of the sample, only concerning obese individuals.
Conclusion: Our findings strengthen the knowledge about the potential value of NC as a tool for identifying patients at risk for hypertension, insulin resistance, and obesity. However as with the waist circumference it may be flawed in obese individuals.
Likelihood and its use in Parameter Estimation and Model Comparison
Authors: Cousineau Denis , Allan Teresa A.
Published: June 2016

Parameter estimation and model fitting underlie many statistical procedures. Whether the objective is to examine central tendency or the slope of a regression line, an estimation method must be used. Likelihood is the basis for parameter estimation, for determining the best relative fit among several statistical models, and for significance testing. In this review, the concept of Likelihood is explained and applied computation examples are given. The examples provided serve to illustrate how likelihood is relevant, and related to, the most frequently applied test statistics (Student’s t-test, ANOVA). Additional examples illustrate the computation of Likelihood(s) using common population model assumptions (e.g., normality) and alternative assumptions for cases where data are non-normal. To further describe the interconnectedness of Likelihood and the Likelihood Ratio with modern test statistics, the relationship between Likelihood, Least Squares Modeling, and Bayesian Inference are discussed. Finally, the advantages and limitations of Likelihood methods are listed, alternatives to Likelihood are briefly reviewed, and R code to compute each of the examples in the text is provided.
Application of Structural Equation Modeling to the Social Sciences: A Brief Guide for Researchers
Authors: Shanmugam Vaithehy , Marsh John E.
Published: June 2016

Emanating from a family of statistical techniques used for the analysis of multivariate data to measure latent variables and their interrelationships, structural equation modeling (SEM) is briefly introduced. The basic tenets of SEM, the principles of model creation, identification, estimation and evaluation are outlined and a four-step procedure for applying SEM to test an evidence-based model of eating disorders (transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioural theory; Fairburn, Cooper, & Shafran, 2003) using previously obtained data on eating psychopathology within an athletic population (Shanmugam, Jowett, & Meyer, 2011) is presented and summarized. Central issues and processes underpinning SEM are discussed and it is concluded that SEM offers promise for testing complex, integrated theoretical models and advances of research within the social sciences, with the caveat that it should be restricted to situations wherein there is a pre-existing substantial base of empirical evidence and a strong conceptual understanding of the theory undergirding the research question.
Assessment of vegetation water content in wheat using near and shortwave infrared SPOT-5 Data in an irrigated area
Authors: Benabdelouahab Tarik , Balaghi Riad , Hadria Rachid , Lionboui Hayat , Tychon Bernard
Published: June 2016

In Morocco, water availability is becoming a national priority for the agricultural sector. In this context, the stakeholders try continuously to improve strategies of water irrigation management, on one hand, and to assess vegetation water content status, on the other hand, in order to improve irrigation scheduling and prevent water stress that affects yield adversely. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of two spectral indices, calculated from SPOT-5 high resolution visible (HRV) data, to retrieve the vegetation water content values of wheat in an irrigated area. These indices were the normalized difference water index (NDWI) and the moisture stress index (MSI). The values of these indices were compared with corresponding values of in situ-measured vegetation water content in 16 fields of wheat during the 2012-2013 cropping season. Good correlations were found between observed vegetation water content values and NDWI and MSI values during the crop growth period from anthesis to grain filling. These results were validated using the k-fold cross validation method and showed a good stability of the proposed regression models with a slight advantage for the NDWI. Based on these results, the NDWI was chosen to map the spatial variability of vegetation water content of wheat at the east of the Beni-Moussa irrigated perimeter. These results proved that the indices based on near and shortwave infrared band (NIR and SWIR) are able to monitor vegetation water content changes in wheat from anthesis to the grain filling stage. These indices could be used to improve irrigation and crop management of wheat at both the field and regional levels.
Caractérisation hydrogéologique des aquifères de socle altéré et fissuré du bassin versant de l’Olézoa à Yaoundé, Cameroun
Authors: Bon André Firmin , Ndam Ngoupayou Jules Rémy , Ewodo Mboudou Guillaume , Ekodeck Georges Emmanuel
Published: June 2016

Les eaux souterraines du socle altéré et fissurédu bassin de l’Olézoa, dans le centre-sud du Cameroun,assurent l'alimentation en eau d’une partie importante despopulations environnantes. Cependant, les caractéristiqueshydrogéologiques de ces aquifères de socle restent malconnues. La présente étude constitue une premièreapproche pour caractériser et mieux appréhender lastructure et le fonctionnement de ces aquifères de socle. Elleest fondée sur la description des profils pédologiques,des investigations structurales, le suivi de l’hydrométrieet de la piézométrie. Les résultatspréliminaires montrent que le profil d’altérationest de type polyphasé similaire à ceux des autresformations granito-gneissiques du monde soumises aux cyclesd’altération et d’érosion. On est enprésence d’une altération ancienne (10 à 20m d’épaisseur) issue du démantèlement dessystèmes latéritiques et d’une altérationrécente (2 à 3 m d’épaisseur)développée sur substratum sain. Le profil présenteen outre des microreliefs d’altération dont ladistribution spatiale peut influencer très localement ladynamique des écoulements. Cette dynamique est similaireà ce qui est généralement observé au seindes formations de socle, sous-climat tropical humide. Lescaractéristiques hydrométriques etpiézométriques indiquent que l’aquifèreprésente, par endroits, des zones fortementhétérogènes. La structuration tectonique anciennecontrôle l’orientation du réseau hydrographique.Ainsi, le modelé du paysage, qui est façonné parle réseau hydrographique, est à l’origine desécoulements souterrains d’amont en aval conforme auxgrandes lignes de la topographie. La distribution de cesécoulements montre l’influence possible despropriétés physiques et hydrauliques des terrains enamont du puits sur les systèmes d’écoulementssouterrains. Cette étude contribue à la connaissance dela structure et du fonctionnement hydrodynamique des aquifèresdu socle. Elle montre des liens structurels avec les autresaquifères décrits dans le monde et desspécificités régionales qui influencentl’hydrodynamisme du socle altéré et fissuré.
Le transfert des pratiques de flexibilisation de l’emploi dans une firme multinationale : le rôle charnière des acteurs locaux des filiales
Authors: Adanhounme Armel Brice
Published: June 2016

À contre-courant des approches fonctionnaliste, culturaliste et, dans une moindre mesure, constructiviste sur le transfert transnational des pratiques organisationnelles dans les firmes multinationales (MNC), qui insistent toutes sur le rôle primordial des gestionnaires supposés faire le pont entre la maison-mère et les filiales, cet article recourt aux processus de négociation sociale dudit transfert par les acteurs locaux plutôt intéressés par ce qu’ils y gagnent. Pour mieux comprendre les raisons de la réussite (ou de l’échec) du transfert des pratiques de flexibilisation qu’une MNC nord-américaine cherche à implanter dans sa filiale au Ghana et qu’elle a mises en pratique au Canada, l’article propose un modèle analytique de deux facteurs capables d’en influencer l’issue : les mécanismes de gouvernance locale et l’agence micropolitique.

Le premier facteur souligne la finalité économique du transfert et traduit les arrangements institutionnels initiés par les gestionnaires des filiales, notamment avec l’exécutif syndical au Canada et la communauté locale au Ghana. Cette gouvernance locale produit une segmentation à l’intérieur du marché de travail au Canada (les permanentsvsles temporaires) et à l’extérieur dans la communauté au Ghana (les travailleursvsla communauté). Quant au second facteur, le rôle politique des acteurs, il reflète les enjeux locaux en termes de survie de l’usine, dans un cas, et de préservation des traditions socio-ethniques, dans l’autre. Ces acteurs locaux qui contrôlent la segmentation des pratiques de flexibilisation de l’emploi dans leur filiale respective jouent ainsi un rôle charnière dans le processus du transfert dont ils conditionnent la réussite.

L’article conclut qu’il y a une négociation sociale nécessaire des pratiques organisationnelles que la maison-mère cherche à transférer aux filiales et que la réussite ou l’échec du transfert est fonction de la portée du consensus négocié avec les acteurs touchés par les enjeux, et pas seulement de la finalité économique recherchée par les politiques d’hybridation.
Des parcours d’engagement dans la maternité : trois modalités d’une quête de reconnaissance, d’équilibre et d’épanouissement
Authors: Fortier Sylvie , Deschenaux Frédéric
Published: June 2016

Se basant sur l’analyse thématique de trente-neuf entretiens semi-dirigés effectués auprès de mères de la région de Rimouski dans le cadre d’une sociographie plus vaste portant sur la formation, l’établissement et les aspirations des familles avec des enfants d’âge préscolaire, cet article s’intéresse à la diversité des parcours d’engagement dans la maternité. Trois formes de parcours d’engagement sont identifiées, confirmant que, même pour un ensemble de femmes dont l’âge, le contexte de vie et la scolarisation sont similaires, la réalité, les désirs et les besoins des mères ne sont ni homogènes, ni immuables.
Motivation à apprendre et volition à l’adolescence : développement et étude de la validité d’un nouvel inventaire
Authors: Berger Jean-Louis , Rinaldi Davinroy Delphine
Published: June 2016

Cet article présente le développement d’un nouvel instrument d’évaluation des facettes de la motivation scolaire à l’adolescence : l’Inventaire de motivation et volition scolaires. Cet instrument comporte la particularité d’intégrer des facettes de la motivation à apprendre fondées sur la théorie de l’autodétermination (Ryan & Deci, 2000) ainsi que des aspects de la volition (procrastination et stratégies d’autorégulation de la motivation). Deux études conduites auprès de 166 et 661 lycéens francophones âgés de 15 à 19 ans dans le canton de Genève, en Suisse, sont présentées afin d’évaluer la validité de l’Inventaire. Ces études soutiennent tant la validité interne (analyses dimensionnelles, estimation de la cohérence interne et lien avec la tendance à la désirabilité sociale) que la validité externe (réseau nomologique) de l’instrument. L’Inventaire de motivation et volition scolaires vise à être utile en tant qu’outil d’évaluation par les enseignants et en tant qu’instrument de recherche sur les questions de motivation scolaire.
Élaboration de l’Échelle du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle des enseignants en gestion de classe (ÉSEPGC)
Authors: Gaudreau Nancy , Frenette Éric , Thibodeau Stéphane
Published: June 2016

Cet article présente l’élaboration d’une échelle portant sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle des enseignants en gestion de la classe. Développée selon les recommandations de Bandura (2006) et la procédure proposée par Dussault, Valois et Frenette (2007), cette échelle porte sur les cinq dimensions de la gestion de classe suggérées par O’Neill et Stephenson (2011). Lors du prétest, des analyses réalisées à partir du modèle de Rasch (Wright & Masters, 1982) ont permis d’élaborer une version constituée de 28 énoncés. De plus, des analyses factorielles confirmatoires soutiennent le modèle théorique à cinq dimensions. Des résultats similaires sont obtenus auprès d’un échantillon tiré de la population. Les forces et les limites de cette recherche sont discutées eu égard à la littérature.
La protección de los derechos sociales por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos || The protection of Social Rights by the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Mestre i Mestre Ruth M.
Published: June 2016

Resumen: El artículo contribuye al esfuerzo colectivo de mostrar que la tutela judicial de los derechos sociales es posible analizando la jurisprudencia reciente del  TEDH. Propone la reconstrucción de una teoría unitaria de los derechos y analiza dos de los obstáculos para consolidarla: la diferencia entre las obligaciones que establecen los derechos civiles y los sociales, y la tesis de la justiciabilidad débil. Para contrastarlos, por un lado, se identifican algunos caminos que el TEDH ha elaborado a través de una interpretación creativa del Pacto, y por otro, se descartan otros mecanismos de tutela a la luz de la jurisprudencia reciente. Abstract: This work aims at contributing to the collective effort of demonstrating that protecting social rights is possible under the ECHR. Departing from a unitary theory of rights, it provides evidences about how the ECTHR has recognised the posibility of judicial adjudication of social rights either through new forms of litigation or a creative interpretation of the Convention. Finally, it evaluates the posibilities of protecting social rights through the general prohibition of discrimination by analysing recent case law of the ECTHR.
Violencia con género. A propósito del concepto y la concepción de la violencia contra las mujeres || Violence with gender. Concerning the concept and conception of violence against women
Authors: Añón Roig María José
Published: June 2016

Resumen El articulo lleva a cabo una reflexión propositiva sobre la concepción y el concepto de violencia contra las mujeres. Su objetivo es reparar en la importancia de reforzar la dimensión de justificación y fundamentación de la categoría y poner el acento en sus elementos basilares e irrenunciables que a su vez pueden constituir propuestas de avance en su interpretación y aplicación. Volver sobre los presupuestos adecuados para superar algunas de las resistencias e incomprensiones que afectan a su teoría y práctica jurídica. Esto es, el carácter político del concepto, los rasgos del sistema de dominación del que se nutre, la coherencia de introducir la tesis de la violencia como continuum, la integración de las respuestas frente a la violencia en el marco de la lucha por la igualdad.Abstract This paper conducts a critical reflection on the conception and the concept of violence against women. Its aim is to recognize the importance of strengthening the scope of justification and grounds of this category, and to emphasize their basilar and unwaiverable elements, which may in turn provide significant proposals for improving its interpretation and application. To return to the appropriate assumptions to overcome some resistances and misunderstandings that affect its theory and legal practice. This is, the political dimension of the notion, the characteristics of the system of domination that inspires it, the consistency of introducing the thesis considering violence as a continuum, the integration of the answers against violence wihtin the framework of the fight for equality.
Положај Српске Православне Цркве од XIX вијека до Првог свјетског рата
Authors: Петровић Далибор
Published: June 2016

Реформски подухвати који су захватили свијет и који су преиспитивали наслијеђене друштвене односе током XIX вијека неповратно су обиљежили сам почетак XX вијека. Услови за живот су се радикално измијенили. Због тога је, поред низа других фактора, дошло и до преиспитивања положаја Српске Православне Цркве у политичким системима прије Првог свјетског рата. С једне стране, то је за резултат имало интензивирање националних или вјерских тежњи за промјеном статуса и положаја у друштвеним, социјалним и политичким структурама у државним система у којима су Срби силом прилика живјели. С друге стране, још снажније се почело са реализацијом постигнутих резултата у борби за остваривање праведнијег и хуманијег људског друштва. Самим тим су рјешења до којих се дошло значајно утицала на мјесто и положај православља у новонасталим државама и друштвеним уређењима послије Првог свјетског рата у Европи. Ово је, прије свега, било актуелно међу радничким структурама СССР и краљевине СХС послије завршетка Првог свјетског рата.
Рукописна и штампана ћириличка баштина у радовима архимандритâ Леонтија Нинковића и Христифора Михајловића, Вукових сљедбеника из Херцеговине
Authors: Сударушић Радославка , Годић Јустин
Published: June 2016

У раду ће бити ријечи о научној и културолошкој дјелатности архимандритâ Христифора Михајловића и Леонтија Нинковића, Вукових сљедбеника из Херцеговине, који су се у науци афирмисали као истраживачи српске културне баштине за вријеме аустругарске владавине (1878-1918). Посебан допринос дали су истраживању ћириличке рукописне и штампане грађе. Из аспекта науке о књизи, у овом раду се говори о библиографском и књижевноисторијском значају њихових дјела. Из лингвистичке перспективе дјелимично су нотиране основне ортографске и фонетске карактеристике записа на србуљама библиотека Добрићево и Завала.
Мит и философија: шта је то у темељу културе?
Authors: Ђогатовић Небојша
Published: June 2016

Књига професора др Богољуба Шијаковића Мит и философија: онтолошки потенцијал мита и почетак хеленске философије;Теорија мита и хеленско митотворство (библиографија), као што и сам наслов сугерише, састоји се из два дијела.Студија: Мит и философија: онтолошки потенцијал мита и почетак хеленске философије представља уникатан покушај демитологизације мита као нечега искључиво произвољног, фантазмагоричног и у историји давно превазиђеног. На себи својствен – исцрпан, али не замарајући – начин писац нас упозанје са митом као простором на којем је рођена наука о наукама/ наука над наукама, и као врло битним чиниоцем са којим философија и даље кореспондира.
Registered report: Systematic identification of genomic markers of drug sensitivity in cancer cells
Authors: Vanden Heuvel John P , Bullenkamp Jessica ,   Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology
Published: June 2016

The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology seeks to address growing concerns about the reproducibility in scientific research by conducting replications of selected experiments from a number of high-profile papers in the field of cancer biology. The papers, which were published between 2010 and 2012, were selected on the basis of citations and Altmetric scores (Errington et al., 2014). This Registered Report describes the proposed replication plan of key experiments from “Systematic identification of genomic markers of drug sensitivity in cancer cells” by Garnett and colleagues, published in Nature in 2012 (Garnett et al., 2012). The experiments to be replicated are those reported in Figures 4C, 4E, 4F, and Supplemental Figures 16 and 20. Garnett and colleagues performed a high throughput screen assessing the effect of 130 drugs on 639 cancer-derived cell lines in order to identify novel interactions for possible therapeutic approaches. They then tested this approach by exploring in more detail a novel interaction they identified in which Ewing’s sarcoma cell lines showed an increased sensitivity to PARP inhibitors (Figure 4C). Mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) transformed with the signature EWS-FLI1 translocation, the hallmark of Ewing’s sarcoma family tumors, exhibited increased sensitivity to the PARP inhibitor olaparib as compared to MPCs transformed with a different translocation (Figure 4E). Knockdown mediated by siRNA of EWS-FLI1 abrogated this sensitivity to olaparib (Figure 4F). The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology is a collaboration between the Center for Open Science and Science Exchange, and the results of the replications will be published by eLife.
Minority odors get equal say
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Bhalla Upinder S
Published: June 2016

The olfactory system becomes more sensitive when odor inputs are weak, and less sensitive when confronted with strong odors.
Stakeholders’ Expectations from Tour Guides
Authors: Sharma Shailja , Chowdhary Nimit
Published: June 2016

As tourism becomes more important across the world, so does destination competitiveness with destination managers executing every detail of the services offered, leaving none to chance. In this case, one of the most important roles of a tour guide is to take, lead, and accompany a tourist while visiting an unknown territory. Hence, to a large extent, the quality of tourist experience is dependent upon how the tour guides conduct themselves. In other words, these tour guides, although primarily are responsible to tourists, must also address other aspects so as to create a happy experience for the tourists. This largely also depends on who is responsible for supplying tour guides and how other stakeholders agree to work with these tour guides in catering to the needs of the tourists. Hence, the important question asked here is how the different stakeholders view the role of the tour guide and their expectations. The purpose of this study was to identify the expectations of various stakeholders regarding the role of tour guides. There appears to be a significant difference in the expectations of the various stakeholders. A comparison was drawn between the expectations of eight stakeholders (domestic tourists, inbound tourists, travel agents/tour operators, tourism authorities, managers of monuments/attractions, hoteliers/restaurateurs, merchandisers, and the tour guides themselves). Based on primary data collection, this paper attempts to discuss if there is a difference in the expectations of different stakeholders as far as the role of a tour guide is concerned.
Micro-impacts and Benefits of Business Tourism in Malaysia: A Case Study of Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre
Authors: Hussain Kashif , Ari Ragavan Neethiahnanthan , Kumar Jeetesh , Nayve Ruben M.
Published: June 2016

The objective of the current study is to highlight the micro areas of delegate spending and their experiences specifically in the case of Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (The Centre), Malaysia. The study operationally defined business tourism as ‘travel-related activities and expenditures of business tourists attending international MICE-related events’ at The Centre either as local or foreign participants. Both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. On-site surveys were conducted during five (5) MICE-related events in 2011 (May to November 2011) with non-probability convenience sampling technique. A total of 950 survey questionnaires were collected; however, only 809 surveys were found to be useful, representing a response rate of 85.15%. The majority of the respondents comprised of foreigners from 154 cities and 76 countries all around the world. The respondents stayed on average 3–5 days spending a minimum of US$3,200. The findings revealed that the respondents had high perception regarding The Centre facilities and services although they had low perceptions for airlines, hotel accommodation, local transportation, restaurants and entertainment/activities. Some notable concerns raised by the respondents are further discussed in the findings and conclusion of the study, complete with recommendations.
Medication errors in outpatient care in Colombia, 2005-2013
Authors: Machado-Alba Jorge E. , Moncada Juan Carlos , Moreno-Gutiérrez Paula Andrea
Published: June 2016

Introducción. Los errores de medicación en la atención ambulatoria se han estudiado poco, a pesar de que representan una amenaza importante para la seguridad del paciente.
Objetivo. Describir las características de los errores de medicación en atención ambulatoria reportados por un sistema de farmacovigilancia de Colombia entre el 2005 y el 2013.
Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo en el cual se recopilaron, revisaron y categorizaron los reportes de errores de medicación de pacientes atendidos en un servicio farmacéutico ambulatorio a cargo de una empresa nacional de dispensación de medicamentos, entre enero de 2005 y septiembre de 2013. Se consideraron variables que involucraban el proceso (administración, dispensación, prescripción y transcripción), el medicamento, el tiempo para elaborar el reporte, el tipo de error, su causa y su gravedad. El análisis se hizo con el programa SPSS®, versión 22.0.
Resultados. Se recopilaron 14.873 errores de medicación, de los cuales 67,2 % realmente ocurrió, 15,5 % afectó al paciente y 0,7 % causó daño. Los errores de administración (p<0,001; OR=93,614; IC95% 48,510-180,655), de dispensación (p<0,001; OR=21,585; IC95% 16,139-28,870), de transcripción (p<0,001; OR=5,647; IC95% 3,488-9,142), los relacionados con medicamentos para los órganos de los sentidos (p<0,001; OR=2,046; IC95% 1,519-2,756), y con los medicamentos de uso sistémico contra infecciones (p<0,001; OR=1,993; IC95% 1,574-2,525), la confusión en el nombre del fármaco (p=0,014; OR=1,281; IC95% 1,051-1,560) y los problemas en la interpretación de las prescripciones (p=0,025; OR=1,328; IC95% 1,037-1,702), aumentaron el riesgo de que el error afectara al paciente.
Discusión. Es necesario establecer sistemas de vigilancia específicos para errores de medicación en los servicios ambulatorios, que hagan énfasis en los procesos de prescripción, transcripción y dispensación. Se requieren estrategias específicas para la prevención de los errores de medicación relacionados con antibióticos.