bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toward New Epidemiological Landscapes of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) Transmission under Future Human-Modified Land Cover and Climatic Change in Mexico
Authors: González-Salazar Constantino , Meneses-Mosquera Anny K. , Aguirre-Peña Alejandra , Fernández-Castel Karla Paola J. , Stephens Christopher R. , Mendoza-Ponce Alma , Velasco Julián A. , Calderón-Bustamante Oscar , Estrada Francisco
Published: September 2022

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important yet neglected disease that represents a severe public health problem in the Americas. Although the alteration of natural habitats and climate change can favor the establishment of new transmission cycles for T. cruzi, the compound effect of human-modified landscapes and current climate change on the transmission dynamics of T. cruzi has until now received little attention. A better understanding of the relationship between these factors and T. cruzi presence is an important step towards finding ways to mitigate the future impact of this disease on human communities. Here, we assess how wild and domestic cycles of T. cruzi transmission are related to human-modified landscapes and climate conditions (LUCC-CC). Using a Bayesian datamining framework, we measured the correlations among the presence of T. cruzi transmission cycles (sylvatic, rural, and urban) and historical land use, land cover, and climate for the period 1985 to 2012. We then estimated the potential range changes of T. cruzi transmission cycles under future land-use and -cover change and climate change scenarios for 2050 and 2070 time-horizons, with respect to “green” (RCP 2.6), “business-as-usual” (RCP 4.5), and “worst-case” (RCP 8.5) scenarios, and four general circulation models. Our results show how sylvatic and domestic transmission cycles could have historically interacted through the potential exchange of wild triatomines (insect vectors of T. cruzi) and mammals carrying T. cruzi, due to the proximity of human settlements (urban and rural) to natural habitats. However, T. cruzi transmission cycles in recent times (i.e., 2011) have undergone a domiciliation process where several triatomines have colonized and adapted to human dwellings and domestic species (e.g., dogs and cats) that can be the main blood sources for these triatomines. Accordingly, Chagas disease could become an emerging health problem in urban areas. Projecting potential future range shifts of T. cruzi transmission cycles under LUCC-CC scenarios we found for RCP 2.6 no expansion of favourable conditions for the presence of T. cruzi transmission cycles. However, for RCP 4.5 and 8.5, a significant range expansion of T. cruzi could be expected. We conclude that if sustainable goals are reached by appropriate changes in socio-economic and development policies we can expect no increase in suitable habitats for T. cruzi transmission cycles.
The Temporal and Spatial Epidemiology Employed in the Elimination of the HIV Epidemic in the Largest Capital of the Brazilian Rainforest
Authors: Dias Bruna Rafaela Leite , Rodrigues Taymara Barbosa , Gomes Dulce , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Gir Elucir , Ferreira Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff , Polaro Sandra Helena Isse , Botelho Eliã Pinheiro
Published: September 2022

Background: The main goal of this study was to analyze the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic temporally and spatially in Belém from 2007 to 2018. Methods: The incidence rates were analyzed according to time using autoregressive integrated moving-average models, as well as spatially using spatial autocorrelation, Kernel density, scan statistics, and regression techniques. Results: During the study period, 6007 notifications of new cases of HIV/AIDS were reported. The time series analysis revealed a stabilized trend of incidence from 2007 to October 2016, followed by irregular fluctuations until the end of December 2018. Seasonal behavior was observed from 2019 to 2022. The high–high incidence clusters were found in the central and transition areas. An expansion of the number of new reported cases was observed in the central area. Three spatial risk zones were observed. The higher relative risk zone was concentrated in the transition area. The spatial regression showed that the incidence rates were positively correlated with the Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage. Conclusions: To eliminate HIV in Belém, it will be necessary to decentralize testing and ART and expand the coverage of FHS to ensure universal access to healthcare for citizens.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Blastocystis sp. Infection in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Spain: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Matovelle Cristina , Tejedor María Teresa , Monteagudo Luis Vicente , Beltrán Antonio , Quílez Joaquín
Published: September 2022

Blastocystis sp. is known to be the most prevalent parasite in fecal samples of humans worldwide. In the present report, a case–control study (1:9.89 (≈10)) was performed, by analyzing data from 3682 patients who attended a public hospital in the northern area of Spain showing gastrointestinal symptoms. Diagnosis was performed in human fecal samples by means of optical microscopy. The prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms was 9.18% (338/3682). Most of the Blastocystis sp.-infected patients tested negative for protozoa and helminths, and were underweight and foreign-born (26.4%), mainly from Africa and Central/South America. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain, anorexia, halitosis, plus relative eosinophilia, as well as co-infections with pathogenic bacteria were associated with Blastocystis sp. infection. Both type 2 diabetes and treatment with immunosuppressive medicines at the time of Blastocystis sp. detection were associated with a higher proportion of infected patients. This is the first case–control study of Blastocystis sp. in humans in northern Spain and may contribute to surveillance and intervention strategies by public health authorities.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Novel Systematic Screening Approach for Tuberculosis among Individuals Suspected or Recovered from COVID-19: Experiences from Niger and Guinea
Authors: Magassouba Aboubacar Sidiki , Bassirou Souleymane Mahamadou , Touré Almamy Amara , Diallo Boubacar Djelo , Alphazazi Soumana , Cissé Diao , Keita Mohamed Sitan , Seyabatou Elhadj Saidou , Bangoura Adama Marie , Traoré Hugues Asken , Decroo Tom , Campbell Jonathon R. , Veronese Vanessa , Merle Corinne Simone Collette
Published: September 2022

Evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacts tuberculosis (TB) activities. As TB and COVID-19 have similar symptoms, we assessed the effectiveness of integrated TB/COVID-19 screening in Guinea and Niger. From May to December 2020, TB screening was offered to symptomatic patients after a negative COVID-19 PCR test or after recovery from COVID-19 in Guinea. From December 2020 to March 2021, all presumptive COVID-19 patients with respiratory symptoms were tested simultaneously for COVID-19 and TB in Niger. We assessed the TB detection yield and used micro-costing to estimate the costs associated with both screening algorithms. A total of 863 individuals (758 in Guinea, and 105 in Niger), who were mostly male (60%) and with a median age of 34 (IQR: 26–45), were screened for TB. Reported symptoms were cough ≥2 weeks (49%), fever (45%), and weight loss (30%). Overall, 61 patients (7%) tested positive for COVID-19 (13 in Guinea, 48 in Niger) and 43 (4.9%) were diagnosed with TB disease (35 or 4.6% in Guinea, and 8 or 7.6% in Niger). The cost per person initiating TB treatment was USD $367 in Guinea and $566 in Niger. Overall, the yield of both approaches was high, and the cost was modest. Optimizing integrated COVID-19/TB screening may support maintaining TB detection during the ongoing pandemic.
Factors Associated with Retention of HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Care: Evidence from Outpatient Clinics in Two Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Authors: Shah Gulzar H. , Etheredge Gina D. , Nkuta Lievain Maluentesa , Waterfield Kristie C. , Ikhile Osaremhen , Ditekemena John , Bernard Bossiky Ngoy Belly
Published: September 2022

Interruptions in the continuum of care for HIV can inadvertently increase a patient’s risk of poor health outcomes such as uncontrolled viral load and a greater likelihood of developing drug resistance. Retention of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in care and determinants of attrition, such as adherence to treatment, are among the most critical links strengthening the continuum of care, reducing the risk of treatment failure, and assuring viral load suppression. Objective: To analyze the variation in, and factors associated with, retention of patients enrolled in HIV services at outpatient clinics in the provinces of Kinshasa and Haut-Katanga, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: Data for the last visit of 51,286 patients enrolled in Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-supported outpatient HIV clinics in 18 health zones in Haut-Katanga and Kinshasa, DRC were extracted in June 2020. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regressions were performed. Results: The results showed a retention rate of 78.2%. Most patients were classified to be at WHO clinical stage 1 (42.1%), the asymptomatic stage, and only 3.2% were at stage 4, the severest stage of AIDS. Odds of retention were significantly higher for patients at WHO clinical stage 1 compared to stage 4 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.325; confidence interval (CI), 1.13–1.55), women as opposed to men (AOR, 2.00; CI, 1.63–2.44), and women who were not pregnant (vs. pregnant women) at the start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (AOR, 2.80; CI, 2.04–3.85). Odds of retention were significantly lower for patients who received a one-month supply rather than multiple months (AOR, 0.22; CI, 0.20–0.23), and for patients in urban health zones (AOR, 0.75; CI, 0.59–0.94) rather than rural. Compared to patients 55 years of age or older, the odds of retention were significantly lower for patients younger than 15 (AOR, 0.35; CI, 0.30–0.42), and those aged 15 and <55 (AOR, 0.75; CI, 0.68–0.82). Conclusions: Significant variations exist in the retention of patients in HIV care by patient characteristics. There is evidence of strong associations of many patient characteristics with retention in care, including clinical, demographic, and other contextual variables that may be beneficial for improvements in HIV services in DRC.
Spatiotemporal Variation and Predictors of Unsuppressed Viral Load among HIV-Positive Men and Women in Rural and Peri-Urban KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Soogun Adenike O. , Kharsany Ayesha B. M. , Zewotir Temesgen , North Delia , Ogunsakin Ebenezer , Rakgoale Perry
Published: September 2022

Unsuppressed HIV viral load is an important marker of sustained HIV transmission. We investigated the prevalence, predictors, and high-risk areas of unsuppressed HIV viral load among HIV-positive men and women. Unsuppressed HIV viral load was defined as viral load of ≥400 copies/mL. Data from the HIV Incidence District Surveillance System (HIPSS), a longitudinal study undertaken between June 2014 to June 2016 among men and women aged 15–49 years in rural and peri-urban KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, were analysed. A Bayesian geoadditive regression model which includes a spatial effect for a small enumeration area was applied using an integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) function while accounting for unobserved factors, non-linear effects of selected continuous variables, and spatial autocorrelation. The prevalence of unsuppressed HIV viral load was 46.1% [95% CI: 44.3–47.8]. Predictors of unsuppressed HIV viral load were incomplete high school education, being away from home for more than a month, alcohol consumption, no prior knowledge of HIV status, not ever tested for HIV, not on antiretroviral therapy (ART), on tuberculosis (TB) medication, having two or more sexual partners in the last 12 months, and having a CD4 cell count of <350 cells/μL. A positive non-linear effect of age, household size, and the number of lifetime HIV tests was identified. The higher-risk pattern of unsuppressed HIV viral load occurred in the northwest and northeast of the study area. Identifying predictors of unsuppressed viral load in a localized geographic area and information from spatial risk maps are important for targeted prevention and treatment programs to reduce the transmission of HIV.
Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients Admitted at the Emergency Departments
Authors: Helou Mariana , Mahdi Ahmad , Daoud Ziad , Mokhbat Jacques , Farra Anna , Nassar Elma , Nehme Ralph , Abboud Edmond , Masri Khalil , Husni Rola
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Community-acquired respiratory infections (CARTIs) are responsible for serious morbidities worldwide. Identifying the aetiology can decrease the use of unnecessary antimicrobial therapy. In this study, we intend to determine the pathogenic agents responsible for respiratory infections in patients presenting to the emergency department of several Lebanese hospitals. Methods: A total of 100 patients presenting to the emergency departments of four Lebanese hospitals and identified as having CARTIs between September 2017 and September 2018 were recruited. Specimens of upper and lower respiratory tract samples were collected. Pathogens were detected by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction respiratory panel. Results: Of 100 specimens, 84 contained at least one pathogen. Many patients were detected with ≥2 pathogens. The total number of pathogens from these 84 patients was 163. Of these pathogens, 36 (22%) were human rhinovirus, 28 (17%) were Streptococcus pneumoniae, 16 (10%) were metapneumovirus, 16 (10%) were influenza A virus, and other pathogens were detected with lower percentages. As expected, the highest occurrence of pathogens was observed between December and March. Respiratory syncytial virus accounted for 2% of the cases and only correlated to paediatric patients. Conclusion: CARTI epidemiology is important and understudied in Lebanon. This study offers the first Lebanese data about CARTI pathogens. Viruses were the most common aetiologies of CARTIs. Thus, a different approach must be used for the empirical management of CARTI. Rapid testing might be useful in identifying patients who need antibiotic therapy.
Validation and Cultural Adaptation of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) Questionnaire in Arabic Language Widely Spoken in a Region with a High Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: ElSayed Doaa Ali , Bou Raad Etwal , Bekhit Salma A. , Sallam Malik , Ibrahim Nada M. , Soliman Sarah , Abdullah Reham , Farag Shehata , Ghazy Ramy Mohamed
Published: September 2022

The parents’ attitude toward vaccinating children and adolescents against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains inconsistent and needs further elucidation. The high rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region require intensive research to understand the determinants of this phenomenon. This study aimed to validate a version of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) tool in Arabic, the most widely spoken language in the MENA. The study objectives included the investigation of Arab-speaking parents’ views regarding COVID-19 vaccination of their children. Parents living in Egypt with at least one child aged 5–18 years were eligible to participate in the study that was conducted through an online survey with 15 PACV items. The PACV tool was translated into Arabic using forward and backward translation. To assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of PACV, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA) were performed. A total of 223 parents participated in the study: 59.82% aged 30–39 years, 69.20% were females, 46.19% were university-educated, and 40.63% had one child. The overall Cronbach’s alpha for the Arabic version of PACV was 0.799. The EFA of the 15 items showed that three domains were most conceptually equivalent. All items had a positive significant correlation with the mean score of each subscale except for item 4 (r = 0.016, p = 0.811). Regression analyses results indicated that education, previous COVID-19 infection, vaccine status of parents, and PACV score were significantly associated with the intention of the parents to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. The CFA results showed that most of the factor loadings were statistically significant (p < 0.010) except for items 4 and 7. However, the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA = 0.080) and the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR = 0.080) indicated that the model had a reasonable fit, and the three factors were good in reproducing each correlation. Our study results indicated the validity and reliability of the PACV instrument in Arabic language. Consequently, the PACV can be used to assess COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a majority of MENA countries for better delineation of this highly prevalent phenomenon in the region.
Time-series prediction and forecasting of ambient noise levels using deep learning and machine learning techniques
Authors: Tiwari S.K. , Kumaraswamidhas L.A. , Garg N.
Published: September 2022

Ambient day and night noise levels prediction problems have traditionally been addressed using various statistical and machine learning methods. This paper presents the time-series predictions and forecasting of ambient noise levels using support vector machine (SVM) and deep learning
method such as convolutional neural network (CNN) approach. This approach has been rarely reported for modeling ambient noise levels so far, although it has been widely used in air and water pollution predictions and forecasting. The study presents the applications of these techniques in time-series
modeling of ambient day and night equivalent noise levels. A case study of ambient noise levels of one site each lying in commercial, residential, industrial and silence zone is presented. Ten-fold cross-validation is used in SVM model to train the model effectively and determine the optimized
value of hyper-parameter (g, «, C). Also, CNN with a convolutional and pooling layer architecture framework is designed with optimum value of batch size, activation function, and filter size, among others. The validation and suitability of developed SVM and CNN models are ascertained
by various statistical tests. Convolutional neural network approach is observed to outperform SVM model and thus can be a reliable approach for time-series modeling of ambient noise levels with a prediction error of 2.1 dB(A). The forecasting root mean squared error obtained for all the four
zones using CNN model is observed to be less than 2.1 dB(A) for day equivalent noise levels and 1.9 dB(A) for night equivalent noise levels.
Application of Population Data Collection in Padasuka Village, Bandung Regency, Based on Website
Authors:   Departemen Sistem Informasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, HDP M Zari Yoga , Zidane Gala Aulia , Hartaman Reyhan Pradita
Published: September 2022

Padasuka Sub-region in Cimenyan District, Bandung Regency tries to give populace organization and common enlistment administrations to the local area as per the standards of the Service Standard Guidelines. To work on the nature of administration, it is important to have an assistance framework in the kelurahan so it can work with the presentation of specialist co-ops in sub-district and further develop the help nature of the mechanical assembly into a modernized framework and work with information assortment/chronicling of populace organization. information. The subsequent framework can be utilized to perform automated information assortment
Optimizing Muara Coffee and Space Digital Marketing Strategy Using Instagram
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Syehabuddin Abidzar , Pungkawati Dewi , Sahara Entri Melyani
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to research and analyze how the strategy is to optimize the digital marketing strategy of Muara Coffee and Space using Instagram to support increasing the marketing results of an MSME. Considering that we have entered the digital era where the use of social media is being widely used, the marketing strategy through Instagram is very important because through Instagram marketing strategies can be packaged in the most attractive way possible to attract the interest of consumers. can see direct feedback from consumers besides that Instagram is also a platform that is currently widely used by the community so this research will produce ways to optimize Instagram as a digital marketing medium for a business. This research uses descriptive analysis studies with qualitative research methods. The things discussed in this study are (1) Instagram in networked consumers, (2) Interaction in social media, (3) Marketing strategy using Instagram. From what will be discussed, this research will result in how to optimize social media as a digital marketing strategy to increase consumer interest.
Game Design For an Environmental-themed 2D Adventure Mobile Game
Authors:   Departemen Desain Komunikasi Visual, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Prasetyo Muhammad Adhithyas , Pamungkas Chandra Gelar , Budi Luhur Gayuh
Published: September 2022

Game is a game based on technology media, which is currently one of the entertainments today. The development of games has become a technology that can be felt, through computers to cellphones. One of the game media, namely mobile games, is an attraction for gamers (people who play games) now. Game makers are competing to make games interesting and useful for game lovers. The genres presented are also diverse, such as RPG, Open World, Horror, Puzzle, Sport, and others. At this time the design of the mobile game focuses on the slide type game, where the camera in the game moves right and left, and the illustrations presented are 2D. This game takes the topic of the environment, which through the game tries to invite players to preserve, learn, and understand about the environment, presented with the spices of RPG (Role Playing Game) games as well as a strong story presentation
A Study of Investment Awareness and Preference of Individuals Toward Various Mutual Fund Schemes with Reference to Islampur City
Authors:   Department of Management Studies, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Islampur, Maharashtra, India, M. Gidde Mr. Shekhar , Gaikwad Dr. Hemlata ,   Department of Management Studies, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Islampur, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2022

Mutual fund is an investment option which includes bonds, stock or securities used by the professional money managers. Investment is done for earning the regular and risk free returns from investment. In our country number of investment options are available, they are ranging from insurance policies to stocks. The study aims at finding the awareness of individuals towards mutual fund and preferences toward it. In our study it is found that the more number of respondents are aware about mutual fund. Investors purchase funds from brokers and asset management companies in large numbers. The majority of respondents are satisfied with mutual fund investment
Regional Centers of Siberia: Socio-Economic and Demographic Analysis of Spatial Development
Authors: Fomin M. V. , Shneiderman I. M. , Lukashenko E. A. , Mikryukov N. Yu. , Miriazov T. R.
Published: September 2022

The articleexamines a number of urgent problems of spatial development of seven regional centers of Siberia (cities of Abakan, Gorno- Altaysk, Kemerovo, Kyzyl, Tomsk, Ulan-Ude, Chita) based on data of the Russian state statistics and the results of sociological research conducted in 2021 by the staff of the Department of Geo-Urban Studies and Spatial Demography of the Institute for Demographic Research (IDR FCTAS RAS). The aim of the study was to identify socio-economic and demographic conditions for the development of the centers of the regions of Siberia as nodes of the supporting framework of the country's settlement. Questionnaire data from seven regional centers were analyzed using statistical methods, methods of comparative analysis, as well as graphical and cartographic presentation.The authors identified demographic trends in the development of agglomerations of regional centers of the regions of Western and Eastern Siberia. The territories with a greater degree of regionalization of business revealed a more active involvement of industrial enterprises in the implementation of social and economic development projects. The article evaluates development dynamics of small and medium-sized businesses in the centers of the regions, as well as of higher and secondary vocational education. It reveals general patterns and individual features in the socio-economic development of the centers of the territories under consideration.The article conducts ranking of cities by the degree of influence of negative factors on their development, analyses subjective assessments of respondents of problems of cities of residence with attitudes to emigration. The most vulnerable to depopulation regions, in terms of their geographical location (remote regions of Eastern Siberia), as well as the cities – large centers of high-tech engineering were identified. The paper proposes organizational and economic solutions to overcome these negative factors. The results of the study, according to the authors, can be used to formulate priority measures of regional and economic policy of Siberia and develop its spatial potential.
Implementing Monocular Visual-Tactile Sensors for Robust Manipulation
Authors: Li Rui , Peng Bohao
Published: September 2022

Tactile sensing is an essential capability for robots performing manipulation tasks. In this paper, we introduce a framework to build a monocular visual-tactile sensor for robotic manipulation tasks. Such a sensor is easy to manufacture with affordable ingredients and materials. Based on a marker-based detection method, the sensor can detect the contact positions on a flat or curved surface. In the case study, we have implemented a visual-tactile sensor design specifically through the framework proposed in this paper. The design is low cost and can be processed in a very short time, making it suitable for use as an exploratory study in the laboratory.
Laser surgery in the management of patients with retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Shamray V. S. , Filina N. V. , Kiseleva O. N.
Published: September 2022

This literature review investigates issues associated with the use of laser surgery for preventing visual impairment in patients with retinal vein occlusion. To this end, we analyze publications on the place of laser surgery in the treatment of patients with occlusion of the central retinal vein or its branches, describing the existing spectrum of laser interventions and indications to their implementation in a particular clinical situation. The mechanism triggering retinal vein occlusion was shown to be most frequently thrombosis at the arteriovenous crossing and in area of the lamina cribrosa. The pathophysiology of retinal vein occlusion might lead to a decreased visual acuity as a result of various syndromes. Due to the diversity of developed techniques, laser treatment is widely used for correcting visual acuity in retinal vein occlusion. An effective approach consists in a combination of laser surgery and intravitreal injection of angiogenesis inhibitors or dexamethasone implants. Management of patients with retinal vein occlusion should also involve examination by general practitioners using laboratory and instrumental methods with the aim of etiological verification and systemic therapy. Such characteristics of laser treatment, as high effectiveness and low costs, as well as the possibility of providing outpatient services, determine the popularity of this technology among ophthalmologists and its future prospects. The latter include the maintenance and improvement of visual functions in patients with retinal vein occlusion.
Nosological structure of ophthalmic emergencies in on-call ophthalmologist visits: a retrospective study
Authors: Abdullin E. A. , Poleshuk O. V. , Salkova E. A. , Sadovenko S. N. , Bogdanec M. E. , Girenok E. V. , Urbanova M. S.
Published: September 2022

Objectives. A retrospective analysis of the nosological structure of ophthalmic emergencies based on on-call ophthalmologist reports in 2021.

Materials and methods. A total of 400 people admitted to the emergency room of Territorial Clinical Hospital No. 2 were selected. Data were analysed with MS Excel using descriptive statistics; the results displayed in charts, as well as absolute numbers and the percentage of total cases.

Results. On average, over 10,000 patients with various injuries of the eyeball and adnexa visit the emergency room every year. The patient mean age was 37.4 ± 10.7 years. Unemployed persons or those without formal employment predominated. The injuries were mostly domestic accident. The commonest diagnosis was corneal foreign body (53.5%).

Conclusions. Foreign body was established as the main ocular surface injury (64.75%). Corneal erosions rank second after foreign bodies. Penetrating wounds account for 2.5% cases, comprising the cause of visual impairments as severe as blindness. Preventive measures should be planned and implemented based on the nosological structure identified.
Localization of nitric oxide syntases and small apoptotic molecules in the nasal mucosa in polypoid rhinosinusitis
Authors: Pavlush D. G. , Matveeva N. Yu.
Published: September 2022

Aim. To study the localization of NO synthases and apoptosis markers in the nasal mucosa in rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps (RNP).

Methods. We studied the biopsy material of nasal cavity polyps and mucous membrane sections of the inferior turbinates of female and male patients aged 35–70 years (n = 70, mean age 57.4 ± 1.52) undergoing surgical treatment in the otorhinolaryngological department of the Vladivostok Clinical Hospital No. 1. The experimental group included polyp materials obtained via polypectomy from patients (n = 50) with a clinically verified diagnosis of nasal polyps without a concomitant pathology of the nasal mucosa. The control group included two variants of nasal mucosa samples. Group I (control I) comprised the nasal mucosa material of patients diagnosed with deviated septum who underwent rhinoseptoplasty (n = 20) without polyposis and concomitant inflammatory and allergic pathologies. Group II (control II) comprised the mucous membrane material of inferior turbinates (n = 50), which was obtained during surgical treatment of patients with a clinical diagnosis of nasal polyps.

Results. It was found that nasal mucosa cells in RNP are characterized by an increased expression of nNOS/iNOS markers, which correlates with the distribution of proapoptotic factors and depends on the clinical and morphological type of polyps.

Conclusions. The development of RNP is accompanied with an increased expression of NOS and apoptosis factors in the nasal mucosa. The specific signal microenvironment provides favorable conditions for the formation of polyps of various morphological types.
A 17-year stepped surgical treatment of Peters anomaly in a child
Authors: Mozhilevskaya E. S. , Melnikov V. Ya. , Titovets V. V. , Beloshapkina T. N.
Published: September 2022

The anterior segment mesenchymal dysgenesis is a failure of the normal development of the anterior structures of the eye caused by mutations in the PAX6 gene REIG1, PITX2 and B3GLCT, BMP4, CYP1B1, FOXC1, FOXE3, GJA1, PXDN TP63, and PAX6. Disorders in the structure of these genes or their interactions lead to gross developmental disorders. In this article, we describe a clinical case of an early stepped surgical treatment of Peters anomaly in a child from 1 to 17 years old. According to the presented clinical case and those reported in scientific literature, conservative treatment of this pathology is yet to be developed. At the same time, surgical intervention in the form of penetrating keratoplasty is often fraught with unpredictability and unacceptable postoperative results.
SALES LEVEL ANALYSIS USING THE ASSOCIATION METHOD WITH THE APRIORI ALGORITHM
Authors: Samuel Samuel , Sani Asrul , Budiyantara Agus , Ivone Merliani , Frieyadie Frieyadie
Published: September 2022

The company does not yet know the pattern of consumer purchases because so far, the sales transaction data has not been used correctly and does not have a unique method to determine consumer buying patterns. To overcome the problems on the company, this research was done to reprocess sales transaction data for 2018-2019 using data mining techniques with association methods and apriori algorithms. RapidMiner is a supporting application used to find association rules derived from transaction data. Processed transaction data using the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) approach. Thus, the company can determine consumer habits in buying goods derived from sales transaction data for 2018-2019. The results of this study are that in 2018, nine association rules were obtained, of which the best were CT G-246 ⇒ CT G-250 and CT G-250 ⇒ CT G-246. In 2019, nineteen association rules were obtained, of which the best were PN 0441, SK 0175 ⇒ SK 0530 and SK 0175, SK 0283 ⇒ SK 0530. From the best association rules, the goods in the Coat (imported), Pants, and Skirt categories are categories that are often bought together.
Verkehrswende – sozial und räumlich ausgewogen
Authors: Dangschat Jens S.
Published: September 2022

Vor dem Hintergrund des massiven Klimawandels ist es notwendig, dem Verkehrssystem, das bislang unvermindert zur Emission von Treibhausgasen beiträgt, eine neue Ausrichtung zu geben. Die dazu notwendige Verkehrswende muss nicht nur ökologischen Zielen dienen, sondern sie darf auch die bestehenden räumlichen und sozialen Ungleichheiten nicht weiter vertiefen. Welche sozialräumlichen Risiken bei der Verkehrs- und Mobilitätswende sichtbar sind, wird vor dem Hintergrund gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe kritisch reflektiert. Um die bestehenden Ungleichheiten abbauen zu können, ist auch ein Ausstieg aus der Automobilität notwendig.
Development and characterisation of mouse monoclonal antibody against ‘neonatal’ Nav1.5
Authors: Sharudin Nur Aishah , Khairil Anwar Nur Amira , Mohd Nazri Muhamad Najmi , Murtadha Ahmad Hafiz , Hamat@Mustafa Fatin Hamimi , Sarmiento Maria Elena , Acosta Armando , Yaacob Nik Soriani , Mokhtar Noor Fatmawati
Published: September 2022

‘Neonatal’ Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) is a potent tumour metastasis marker found especially in aggressive human breast cancer cells in vitro, in tumour tissues of in vivo metastatic animal models and in patients positive for lymph-node metastasis. Its expression has been recently described in human brain neuroblastoma and astrocytoma. However, a thorough understanding of nNav1.5’s role in cancers has been limited by the lack of specific antibodies against it. Here, a mouse monoclonal antibody, 4H8 mAb-nNav1.5, was obtained and characterised concerning its efficacy in detecting nNav1.5 using indirect ELISA, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. 4H8 mAb-nNav1.5 was selected from a panel of hybridoma clones raised against nNav1.5 specific peptide (15 mers). The antibody exhibited linear association against nNav1.5 specific-linear peptide in indirect ELISA and was supported by SPR. The antibody also demonstrated strong immunoreactivity in immunofluorescence imaging of nNav1.5-abundant cells, human and mouse aggressive breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and 4T1, respectively, which was not observed in nNav1.5-deficient cells, human less aggressive breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and non-cancerous breast epithelial cells, MCF-10A. This study demonstrates the initial description of 4H8 mAb-nNav1.5, which could serve as a beneficial tool to enhance future studies on nNav1.5 expression and function in cancers.
Mecanismos y efectos biológicos potenciales de la vitamina D en la COVID-19: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Sanguino Ortega Jairo Esteban , Satizábal Rodriguez Juan Diego , Laverde Villamil Daniel Fernando , Santos González Cristian Albeiro , González Clavijo Angélica María
Published: September 2022

Estudios recientes han reportado efectos benéficos de la vitamina D tanto en la prevención, como en el tratamiento de la enfermedad por COVID-19. Esto se ha relacionado principalmente con sus mecanismos de acción dentro del sistema renina angiotensina (SRA), la respuesta inmunitaria y las regulaciones de las citocinas proinflamatorias, ejes de importancia en la fisiopatología de la COVID-19.
Economía, finanzas y desigualdad social más allá de la pandemia
Authors: Vázquez Nitzia , Díaz-Mondragón Manuel
Published: September 2022

Mexico is a country with deep economic and social inequalities that existed before the pandemic, were accentuated by the health crisis, but, although some countries are already considering COVID-19 as an endemic disease, there is no evidence that the enormous economic, financial and social deterioration of the lower-income population can be recovered and if, on the contrary, that the gap between rich and poor will increase. Economic policy is usually evaluated by the evolution of GDP, inflation and unemployment rates, none of these indicators can be considered positive, so it is clear that the public policies that have been applied are not adequate. Using a qualitative - analytical methodology, we present the evolution of growth, inflation, unemployment, education, the real interest rate and the financial markets, in all of them, establishing the link with economic and social inequality.
EXPANSION OF ORIENTAL SHRIMP PALAEMON MACRODACTYLUS RATHBUN, 1902 (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, PALAEMONIDAE) IN THE AZOV-DON BASIN
Authors: Matishov G. G. , Shokhin I. V. , Bulysheva N. I. , Kovalenko M. V.
Published: September 2022

Shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 of East Asian origin has successfully naturalized in the Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov and is currently entering the Lower Don, where it is currently found in large quantities. The species was first recorded for the eastern part of the Sea of Azov; there is a specimen collected in 2016 among the collection material. The found individuals with eggs indicate that P. macrodactylus formed a self-reproducing population in the Don delta and the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay.
FEATURES OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ALIEN MOLLUSKS FROM THE GENUS DREISSENA IN A LARGE TRIBUTARY OF THE RESERVOIR OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA (BY THE EXAMPLE OF SVIYAGA RIVER)
Authors: Mikhailov R. A.
Published: September 2022

Invasions of alien species of shellfish are of great interest as a result of their serious environmental and economic consequences. We present new information on the distribution and quantitative characteristics of mollusks from the genus Dreissena in one of the tributaries of the Kuibyshev reservoir. The fact of the discovery of these species up to the upper reaches of the Sviyaga River has been revealed. The quantitative values of the Dreissena vary unevenly, gradually increasing towards the mouth of the river. Native species of mollusks dominate in the upper and middle reaches of the river, and alien ones in the lower. Comparison of morphometric characteristics of shells in the river revealed significant differences between two related Dreissenid species, with the exception of the river mouth. Important factors in the distribution and development of two species of Dreissena in the Sviyaga River are flow rate, depth and width of the river section, and the absence of a solid substrate in the water.
PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY OF THE AMUR SLEEPER (PERCCOTTUS GLENII) INVASIVE POPULATIONS DURING THE COLONISATION OF WATER BODIES
Authors: Baranov V. Yu. , Vasil'ev A. G.
Published: September 2022

The variability of the body shape in invasive fish species - Amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii) - from natural and anthropogenic water bodies of the Middle Urals with different completeness of the species composition was studied by the use of geometric morphometrics methods. We compared samples of the Amur sleeper from neighboring adjacent water bodies - Lake Shitovskoye and two peat quarries filled with water. Samples of different seasons and years of collection were taken in the lake, which allowed us to correlate the influence of climate and season on the morphogenesis of the Amur sleeper. According to the control catches, the fish community of the lake is represented by 10 species, i.e. it has a poly-species composition: 6 native species (roach, river perch, ruff, tench, crucian carp, and pike) and 4 alien species (bream, belica, Amur sleeper, carp). The share of the Amur sleeper in the control catches in the lake was no more than 3-5%. In the water bodies of peat quarries, oligoid communities of 2 species were formed (Amur sleeper and crucian carp). Discriminant analysis of the body shape of fish from the lake and peat pits allowed us to reveal the origin of 93-98% of individuals. Comparing the samples of the younger (2+-3+ years) and older (4+-7+ years) age groups of fish divided by sex and biotope, different directions of changes in the shape of the Amur sleeper body in ontogenesis were revealed between the biotopic groups. The range of age variability was almost 5 times lesser than the intergroup biotopic differences of fish from ecologically contrasting water bodies. Seasonal and inter-annual intra-population variability of body shape in the Amur sleeper in the lake is significantly lesser pronounced than the intergroup differences between samples from the lake and peat quarries. Sex differences accounted for only 6% of the intergroup variance (3 times lower than the level of age differences), and in the poly-species lake community, sex differences decrease with age, and in the water bodies of quarries, on the contrary, they increase. Within-group morphological disparity ( MNND ) is significantly higher in samples from peat quarries. The data obtained are of a key character, since they characterize a high degree of phenotypic plasticity of the Amur sleeper and a rapid adaptive restructuring of its morphogenesis to different conditions of natural and anthropogenic water bodies of the Middle Urals.
BLACK LIST OF FLORA OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC
Authors: Shkhagapsoev S. Kh. , Chadaeva V. A. , Taysumov M. A. , Shkhagapsoeva K. A.
Published: September 2022

This article was aimed at the inventory of the invasive flora of the Chechen Republic. The “black list” of the flora of the Chechen Republic has been compiled. According to the recommendations for regional Black Books, 79 species of the "blacklist" were divided into four groups with the assignment of invasive status. Three species are capable of changing the structure and composition of plant communities (status 1). Twelve species disperse actively in natural, semi-natural, and anthropogenic habitats (status 2), and 40 species occur in anthropogenic habitats (status 3). Twenty-four species were classified as potentially invasive (status 4). The article contributes to the accumulation of information about invasive processes in the Caucasus. It can be used for the regional Black Book and comparative analysis of the composition and structure of invasive flora of the Russian Federation regions.
DISTRIBUTION OF SOME PONTO-CASPIAN AND ALIEN COPEPODS (CRUSTACEA, COPEPODA) IN PLANKTON OF THE DON RIVER BASIN
Authors: Lazareva V. I.
Published: September 2022

In 2018-2019, the zooplankton was studied in the Don River from the source to the mouth including the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, Volga-Don shipping canal, and the upper part of Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov. Habitats of two Ponto-Caspian species of copepods ( Heterocope caspia and Eurytemora caspica ) and of three alien species, Mediterranean copepod Calanipeda aquaedulcis , a representative of the neritic zone Acartia ( Acanthacartia ) tonsa and East Asian euryhaline Thermocyclops taihokuensis were found. For the first time, the findings of T. taihokuensis were recorded in the Don River upstream and downstream of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir and in water bodies of the Volga-Don shipping canal. It is shown that the Ponto-Caspian Eurytemora caspica inhabits the Don River basin and Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov. The European copepod E. affinis which was previously recorded in the region was not found in the studied areas of the basin. The occurrence (>80% of samples) of the Ponto-Caspian species and Calanipeda aquaedulcis was the highest. A recent invader Thermocyclops taihokuensis reached the maximum abundance (>100 000 ind./m). By an example of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, it is found that the way of the spread of the Ponto-Caspian and alien species in the Don River basin may be large-scale activities on the introduction of planktonic and benthic invertebrates conducted in the 1950-1970s in order to improve the food supply of valuable fish species. The history of dispersal of the studied copepod species and their population characteristics are discussed.
3D Image Analysis Using Deep Learning for Size and Shape Characterization of Stockpile Riprap Aggregates—Phase 2
Authors:   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Huang Haohang , Tutumluer Erol ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Luo Jiayi ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Ding Kelin ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Qamhia Issam ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Hart John ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Published: September 2022

Riprap rock and aggregates are extensively used in structural, transportation, geotechnical, and hydraulic engineering applications. Field determination of morphological properties of aggregates such as size and shape can greatly facilitate the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) process for proper aggregate material selection and engineering use. Many aggregate imaging approaches have been developed to characterize the size and morphology of individual aggregates by computer vision. However, 3D field characterization of aggregate particle morphology is challenging both during the quarry production process and at construction sites, particularly for aggregates in stockpile form. This research study presents a 3D reconstruction-segmentation-completion approach based on deep learning techniques by combining three developed research components: field 3D reconstruction procedures, 3D stockpile instance segmentation, and 3D shape completion. The approach was designed to reconstruct aggregate stockpiles from multi-view images, segment the stockpile into individual instances, and predict the unseen side of each instance (particle) based on the partial visible shapes. Based on the dataset constructed from individual aggregate models, a state-of-the-art 3D instance segmentation network and a 3D shape completion network were implemented and trained, respectively. The application of the integrated approach was demonstrated on re-engineered stockpiles and field stockpiles. The validation of results using ground-truth measurements showed satisfactory algorithm performance in capturing and predicting the unseen sides of aggregates. The algorithms are integrated into a software application with a user-friendly graphical user interface. Based on the findings of this study, this stockpile aggregate analysis approach is envisioned to provide efficient field evaluation of aggregate stockpiles by offering convenient and reliable solutions for on-site QA/QC tasks of riprap rock and aggregate stockpiles.